gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Soil engineering <i>in vivo</i> : harnessing natural biogeochemical systems for sustainable, multi-functional engineering solutions (2010)

Carbon sequestration, infrastructure rehabilitation, brownfields clean-up, hazardous waste disposal, water resources protection and global warming-these twenty-first century challenges can neither be solved by the high-energy consumptive practices that hallmark industry today, nor by minor tweaking or optimization of these processes. A more radical, holistic approach is required to develop the sustainable solutions society needs. Most of the above challenges occur within, are supported on, are enabled by or grown from soil. Soil, contrary to conventional civil engineering thought, is a living system host to multiple simultaneous processes. It is proposed herein that 'soil engineering in vivo', wherein the natural capacity of soil as a living ecosystem is used to provide multiple solutions simultaneously, may provide new, innovative, sustainable solutions to some of these great challenges of the twenty-first century. This requires a multi-disciplinary perspective that embraces the science of biology, chemistry and physics and applies this knowledge to provide multi-functional civil and environmental engineering designs for the soil environment. For example, can native soil bacterial species moderate the carbonate cycle in soils to simultaneously solidify liquefiable soil, immobilize reactive heavy metals and sequester carbon-effectively providing civil engineering functionality while clarifying the ground water and removing carbon from the atmosphere? Exploration of these ideas has begun in earnest in recent years. This paper explores the potential, challenges and opportunities of this new field, and highlights one biogeochemical function of soil that has shown promise and is developing rapidly as a new technology. The example is used to propose a generalized approach in which the potential of this new field can be fully realized.
Mechanism of Antibody Synthesis: Size Differences between Mouse Kappa Chains (1967)

In the report "Mechanism of antibody synthesis: size differences between mouse kappa chains" by W. R. Gray et al. (27 Jan., p. 465), the headings of the final two columns of Table 1 should be reversed to read "Transversions" and "Transitions."
Recent advances in the rapidly evolving field of fibroblast growth factor 23 in chronic kidney disease (2010)

Although FGF23 was originally discovered in studies of rare diseases, we expect that its primary utility in mainstream clinical practice will ultimately lie in the management of CKD. Emerging data highlight the potential of FGF23 as a novel diagnostic to identify CKD patients at the highest risk for disease progression, cardiovascular disease, and death, and those who might benefit from early phosphorus-related therapies before the onset of overt hyperphosphatemia.
Detection of FITC-cortisol via Modulated Supraparticle Lighthouses (2006)

Hormones are important bioactive compounds in blood and tissue that vary in concentration in response to stress and certain disease states. Establishing the changes in physiological hormone concentrations over time can lead to more effective diagnoses and perhaps a better understanding of the evolution of stress and disease. To monitor concentration over time, the sampling must be rapid and noninvasive; specimens such as saliva that require little effort to collect are preferred. However, more sensitive assay techniques are needed when compared to blood analysis since free hormone concentration in saliva is only a small fraction of the concentration in circulating blood. In this work, magnetic field-induced structures of paramagnetic particles are used as a solid substrate to demonstrate improved detection limits for a separation-free assay of cortisol. Once formed, the structures are subjected to a rotating magnetic field and this leads to two important features. First is the ability to utilize frequency and phase filtering (lock-in amplification) for the signal generated from surface-bound labeled species. Second is the improved mass transport of the antigen to the surface of the rotating structures. These two unique capabilities result in a quantifiable signal at a relatively low target antigen concentration. This method has been demonstrated with the detection of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled cortisol (FITC-cortisol) at a concentration of 300 pM.
Application-Specific Schema Design for Storing Large RDF Datasets. (2003)

Abstract: In order to realize the vision of the Semantic Web, a semantic model for encoding content in the World Wide Web, efficient storage and retrieval of large RDF data sets is required. A common technique for storing RDF data (graphs) is to use a single relational database table, a triple store, for the graph. However, we believe a single triple store cannot scale for the needs of large-scale applications. Instead, database schemas that can be customized for a particular dataset or application are required. To enable this, some RDF systems offer the ability to store RDF graphs across multiple tables. However, tools are needed to assist users in developing application-specific schema. In this paper, we describe our approach to developing RDF storage schema and describe two tools assisting in schema development. The first is a synthetic data generator that generates large RDF graphs consistent with an underlying ontology and using data distributions and relationships specified by a user. The second tool mines an RDF graph or an RDF query log for frequently occurring patterns. Knowledge of these patterns can be applied to schema design or caching strategies to improve performance. The tools are being developed as part of the Jena Semantic Web programmers ’ toolkit but they are generic and can be used with other RDF stores. Preliminary results with these tools on real data sets are also presented.
A System for Predicting ICD-10-PCS Codes from Electronic Health Records (2014)

Medical coding is a process of classifying health records according to standard code sets representing procedures and diagnoses. It is an integral part of health care in the U.S., and the high costs it incurs have prompted adoption of natural language processing techniques for automatic generation of these codes from the clinical narrative contained in electronic health records. The need for effective auto-coding methods becomes even greater with the impending adoption of ICD-10, a code inventory of greater complexity than the currently used code sets. This paper presents a system that predicts ICD-10 procedure codes from the clinical narrative using several levels of abstraction. First, partial hierarchical classification is used to identify potentially relevant concepts and codes. Then, for each of these concepts we estimate the confidence that it appears in a procedure code for that document. Finally, confidence values for the candidate codes are estimated using features derived from concept confidence scores. The concept models can be trained on data with ICD-9 codes to supplement sparse ICD-10 training resources. Evaluation on held-out data shows promising results.
Linear reconstruction of compensated images: theory and experimental results (1992)

Linear image reconstruction techniques are proposed for postprocessing astronomical images measured with compensated imaging systems. Linear techniques use averaging to overcome the effects of noise and deconvolution to remove system effects. Experimental results from compensated image measurements of four single stars and one binary star at visible wavelengths are reported for the first time, to our knowledge, and a previously derived analytic expression relating the statistics of the compensated optical transfer function to the compensated image spectrum signal-to-noise ratio is verified. The performance of deconvolution on a bright binary star with angular subtense previously estimated to be 0.52 arcsec (2.52 microrad) is demonstrated.
Individualized Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes from Bulk Material Using 96% Sulfuric Acid as Solvent (2005)

Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been functionalized in a mixture of 96% sulfuric acid and ammonium persulfate, using sodium nitrite to produce intermediate diazonium salts from substituted anilines. These afford unbundled functionalized SWNTs from bulk bundled SWNTs. This new process eliminates the need for corrosive and more expensive oleum solvent, as described in prior work, and therefore also reduces the formation of sulfonated products.
Incremento de los Ministerios laicales después del Concilio Vaticano II en la Iglesia Congoleña: Institución del ministerio de mokambi" (2014)

El titulo de nuestra tesis es el siguiente: 
Incremento de los ministerios laicales despues del 
Concilio Vaticano II en la Iglesia congolena. 
Institucion del ministerio de mokambi. 
Sin pretender recoger todos los aspectos teologicos 
(biblicos, pastorales, canonicos, eclesiologicos, etc.), 
fundamentamos brevemente los diferentes contextos del 
conjunto de los terminos de nuestro trabajo de 
investigacion subrayando algunos elementos claves del 
titulo indicado. 
a) La fundamentacion biblica 
b) La fundamentacion eclesiologica 
c) La fundamentacion pastoral
Conditions of High-Carbon Wire Drawing (1999)

To point out the requirements of water cooling, surface treatment, lubricant and wire rods while drawing the high - carbon wire. The characteristic and utilization of french lubricant is introduced.
Improvement in protein absorption with a small-peptide-based diet in patients with high jejunostomy. (1993)

We compared urinary and fecal excretions of fluid, electrolytes, and nutrients in six patients with a high jejunostomy during three randomized consecutive 3-day periods of total enteral nutrition with three diets differing only by the degree of hydrolysis of the protein moiety: whole proteins, their hydrolysate (63% nitrogen as small peptides with < 1000 M), and the two mixed together. Daily nitrogen absorption was significantly enhanced with the small-peptide and mixed diets (14.3 +/- 3.4 and 13.1 +/- 2 g, respectively) compared with the whole protein diet (10.9 +/- 2.4 g, p = 0.012). Concomitantly, blood urea nitrogen and urinary urea excretion increased with the small-peptide diet. Apparent absorption of fat and calories, fecal weight, and urinary and fecal excretions of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium remained unchanged. We conclude that a small-peptide-based diet may be beneficial in patients with short-bowel syndrome.
Informedia - Search and Summarization in the Video Medium (2000)

The Informedia system provides &quot;full-content&quot; search and retrieval of current and past TV and radio news and documentary broadcasts. The system implements a fully automatic intelligent process to enable daily content capture, analysis and storage in on-line archives. The current library consists of approximately a 2,000 hours, 1.5 terabyte library of daily CNN News captured over the last 3 years and documentaries from public television and government agencies. This database allows for rapid retrieval of individual &quot;video paragraphs&quot; which satisfy an arbitrary spoken or typed subject area query based on a combination of the words in the soundtrack, images recognized in the video, plus closed-captioning when available and informational text overlaid on the screen images. There are also capabilities for matching of similar faces and images, generation of related map-based displays. The latest work attempts to produce a visualization and summarization of the content across all the stories ...
Studies on the Synthesis and Degradation of Light and Heavy Chains of Cardiac Myosin (1973)

Abstract The relative rate of degradation of the light and heavy chains of cardiac myosin was studied by the double isotope technique in which a single injection of [3H]leucine was administered 12 days prior to [14C]leucine in rats. As indicated by 14C:3H ratios of the purified myosin fractions, the light and heavy chains were degraded at heterogeneous rates, the heavy chains having a turnover rate twice that of the light chains.
THE INTRODUCTION AND COMPARABILITY OF THE COMPUTER ADAPTIVE GRE GENERAL TEST (1995)

ABSTRACT This report summarizes the results from two studies. The first study assessed the comparability of scores derived from linear computer‐based (CBT) and computer adaptive (CAT) versions of the three GRE General Test measures. The verbal and quantitative CATs were found to produce scores that were comparable to their CBT counterparts. However, the analytical CAT produced scores that were judged not to be comparable to the analytical CBT scores. As a result, a second study was performed to further examine the analytical measure to ascertain the extent of the lack of comparability and to obtain statistics that would permit adjustments to restore comparability. Results of the additional study of the analytical measure indicated that the differences in analytical CAT and CBT scores due to the testing paradigm were large enough to require an adjustment in scores. Therefore, in order to enhance the comparability of analytical CAT and CBT scores, the analytical CAT was equated to the analytical CBT. This equating provided new analytical CAT conversions that resulted in comparable analytical CAT and CBT scores.
Fusion of the Infrared and Color Visible Images Using Bidimensional EMD (2008)

A novel color fusion method is proposed for infrared and color visible images which based on the Bidimensional Empirical Model Decomposition (BEMD). Firstly, the original color visible image is transformed into the IHS color space. Then, the intensity component (I) and infrared image are decomposed into a set of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) and residues respectively by means of the BEMD. The gray scope of IMFs obtained from the infrared image is adjusted to match the scope of IMFs obtained from the intensity component of visible image. The IMFs and residues are fused by the weighted average algorithm. The fused IMFs and residue are reconstructed into the new intensity component. At last, the IHS color space included new intensity component is transformed back into the RGB color space. Compared with the traditional image fusion methods: DWT and PCA, the experimental results demonstrate that this proposed method not only have a superior fusion performance but also can effectively produce a color fused image with the similar natural characteristics as the original color visible image .
Reflow and burial of channel waveguides formed in sol-gel glass on Si substrates (1993)

A reflow step and an improved burial procedure are demonstrated for channel waveguides formed in sol-gel glass on silicon substrates. Thick sol-gel films are deposited by repetitive spin coating and rapid thermal annealing, and etched to form ridge waveguides. Furnace heating is then used to melt both core and buffer layers simultaneously, providing a smooth surface for burial by further spin-coat deposition. Results are presented for typical core shapes, surface profiles after planarization, and optical insertion losses.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High-Power -Band Ga In P/In Ga As Pseudomorphic HEMT Grown by Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy (1999)

A 0.1- m T-gate pseudomorphic Ga In P/In Ga As/GaAs high electron mobility transistor (PM-HEMT) has been successfully developed on GaAs substrate. Each techno- logical step has been optimized as the growth by gas source molecular beam epitaxy (GSMBE), the ohmic contacts, and the gate recess for high-frequency applications. This device with a single doping exhibits excellent dc and radio frequency (RF) performances with a current density of 700 mA/mm in combination with a high breakdown voltage of 9 V, an extrinsic transconductance Gm higher than 700 mS/mm, and a current gain cutoff frequency Ft of 120 GHz at 2 V. Power measurements at 60 GHz have been performed on these devices. They have demonstrated a maximum output power density of 560 mW/mm with 4.6-dB power gain and a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 22.5%. These are the first power results at -band ever reported for GaInP/InGaAs/GaAs pseudomorphic HEMT's.
Decellularization and Recellularization Methodology for Human Saphenous Veins (2018)

Vascular conduits used during most vascular surgeries are allogeneic or synthetic grafts that often lead to complications caused by immunosuppression and poor patency. Tissue engineering offers a novel solution to generate personalized grafts with a natural extracellular matrix containing the recipient's cells using the method of decellularization and recellularization. We show a detailed method for performing decellularization of the human saphenous vein and recellularization by perfusion of peripheral blood. The vein was decellularized by perfusing 1% Triton X-100, 1% tri-n-butyl-phosphate (TnBP) and 2,000 Kunitz units of deoxyribonuclease (DNase). Triton X-100 and TnBP were perfused at 35 mL/min for 4 h while DNase was perfused at 10 mL/min at 37 °C for 4 h. The vein was washed in ultrapure water and PBS and then sterilized in 0.1% peracetic acid. It was washed again in PBS and preconditioned in endothelial medium. The vein was connected to a bioreactor and perfused with endothelial medium containing 50 IU/mL heparin for 1 h. Recellularization was performed by filling the bioreactor with fresh blood, diluted 1:1 in Steen solution, and adding endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factors (80 ng/mL), basic fibroblast growth factors (4 µL/mL), and acetyl salicylic acid (5 µg/mL). The bioreactor was then moved into an incubator and perfused for 48 h at 2 mL/min while maintaining glucose between 3 - 9 mmol/L. Later, the vein was washed with PBS, filled with endothelial medium and perfused for 96 h in the incubator. Treatment with Triton X-100, TnBP and DNase decellularized the saphenous vein in 5 cycles. The decellularized vein looked white in contrast to normal and recellularized veins (light red). The hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining showed the presence of nuclei only in normal but not in decellularized veins. In the recellularized vein, H&E-staining showed the presence of cells on the luminal surface of the vein.
Neuroinflammation and α-Synuclein Dysfunction Potentiate Each Other, Driving Chronic Progression of Neurodegeneration in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease (2011)

Microglia-derived oxidative stress bridged neuroinflammation and α-syn pathogenic alteration in mediating chronic PD progression. Our two-hit animal model involving both a genetic lesion and an environmental trigger reproduced key features of PD and demonstrated synergistic effects of genetic predisposition and environmental exposures in the development of PD. The chronic progressive nature of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, which is absent in most existing PD models, makes this new model invaluable for the study of mechanisms of PD progression.
Ventricular intramural and epicardial potential distributions during ventricular activation and repolarization in the intact dog. (1975)

Ventricular intramural and epicardial potential distributions were measured during normal excitation and repolarization in intact dogs. Potential distributions were chosen because they can be unambiguously measured, are useful in understanding the shapes of wave forms at many specific sites, and provide a direct measure of repolarization. Unipolar wave forms were recorded from intramural and epicardial electrodes and converted into potential distributions. Well-known shapes of wave forms recorded at the inner and outer layers of the ventricles as well as peak-to-peak voltages were shown by the potential distributions to be determined primarily by superposition effects of distant excitation waves. These effects were most prominent before epicardial breakthrough and then receded during the last half of the QRS complex. However, the potential distributions became more complex as excitation waves merged, collided, and terminated. During terminal depolarization, there were scattered positive repolarization potentials intramurally. Normal repolarization was characterized by positive potentials over the ventricular epicardium while there were changes intramurally and on the atrium. Throughout the T wave, there was a predominant transmural unidirectional gradient with the inner wall being more negative than the outer wall. This finding confirms that the sequence of repolarization is from the epicardium to the endocardium with the middle layers having an intermediate time.
OPC the de facto standard for real time communication (2002)

The OLE/COM standard (OLE=Object Linking and Embedding, COM=Common Object Model), Microsoft's object technology, integrates applications with a great deal of compatibility between the various applications. For example, a CAD drawing can be integrated into a Word document or an Excel table. Even applications that are programmed in different languages can be integrated. OLE is based on the binary standard COM and communication between different OLE components is possible. OPC (OLE for Process Control) is a communication standard that is based on OLE. It will allow for more efficient and easier communication between the different automation levels. Using the OLE technology, OPC defines methods and objects to achieve communication between the different software applications, no matter if these exist on a PC in the process management environment, or on process control equipment. OPC provides a standard application programming interface for data exchange that can simplify I/O driver development and improve operator interface system performance.
A reverse engineering method and experiences for industrial COBOL system (2002)

One of the most important things in restructuring current system is to clarify business specification which are implemented in the current system. Reverse engineering technology, which extracts reusable business specification from a system, is very effective for this purpose. We have developed DORE (Data Oriented Re-Engineering), a re-engineering methodology for system restructuring, and tools that support reverse engineering. By using these methodology and tools, it becomes possible to extract business specification which should be implemented in the new system, from the current system. In this paper, we present the re-engineering methodology and tools, and introduce a case study in Kawasaki Steel Corporation, in which those methodology and tools are used.
An integrated management environment for network resources and services (2000)

Technological and human factors have contributed to increase the complexity of the network management problem. Heterogeneity and globalization of network resources, on one hand, have increased user expectations for flexible and easy-to-use environments; on the other hand, they have suggested entirely novel ways to face the management problem. Several research efforts recognize the need for integrated solutions to manage both network resources and services in open, global, and untrusted environments. In addition, these solutions should permit the coexistence of different management models and should interoperate with legacy systems. In the paper, we define a general architecture based on a distributed processing environment (DFE) that offers a large set of facilities to the application level. We have developed the MESIS management environment shaped after the above architecture and its DPE facilities with mobile agents technology. MESIS handles, in a uniform way, both resources and services, and focuses on two crucial properties: interoperability to overcome heterogeneity, and security to grant users safe and protected operations. The Agent Interoperability Facility supports compliance with CORBA-based management systems and with MASIF agent platforms. The Agent Security Facility provides authentication, integrity, privacy, authorization, and secure interoperation with CORBA systems.