gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of insertion sequence elements from gram-negative bacteria by using new broad-host-range, positive selection vectors (1991)

On the basis of an RSF1010-derived broad-host-range vector, three different systems which enable positive detection and isolation of insertion sequence (IS) elements from gram-negative bacteria were constructed. Vectors pSUP104-pheS, pSUP104-rpsL, and pSUP104-sac were used successfully in a number of Rhizobium strains and in Xanthomonas campestris. More than 20 different IS elements were isolated and characterized. The 16 IS elements from Rhizobium meliloti were further used to characterize various R. meliloti strains by hybridization. The resulting hybridization patterns were different for every strain and gave a clear and definite IS fingerprint of each strain. These IS fingerprints can be used to identify and characterize R. meliloti strains rapidly and unequivocally, as they proved to be relatively stable. Some of the IS elements were found to be identical when the IS fingerprints from a given strain were compared. This method of IS fingerprinting can also establish whether IS elements are the same, related, or different.
Fibronectin and vitronectin regulate the organization of their respective Arg-Gly-Asp adhesion receptors in cultured human endothelial cells. (1988)

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs) adhere in vitro to proteins of the extracellular matrix including fibronectin (fn) and vitronectin (vn). Specific receptors for fn and vn have been previously characterized. These receptors belong to a family of membrane glycoproteins characterized (a) by being a transmembrane complex of two noncovalently linked subunits and (b) by recognizing the tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp on their respective ligands. In this paper we investigated how vn and fn control the organization of their respective receptors over the surface of ECs. It was found that the clustering of individual receptors and the organization thereafter of focal contacts occurred only when ECs were exposed to the specific ligand and did not occur on the opposite ligand. The shape of receptor clusters was slightly different and a colocalization of the two receptors was found when ECs were cultured on a mixed matrix of fn plus vn. Adhesion was selectively inhibited by vn or fn receptor antibodies on their respective substrates. The clustering of both receptors preceded the association of vinculin with focal contacts and stress fiber formation. Also, the vn receptor, in the absence of associated fn receptor, was capable of inducing the organization of the membrane-microfilament interaction complex. Overall, these results indicate that individual matrix ligands induce only the clustering of their respective membrane receptors. The clustering of only one receptor is capable of supporting the subsequent formation of focal contacts and the local assembly of related cytoskeletal proteins.
Structural Studies of Curcuminoids. IV. Crystal Structure of 1,7-Diphenyl-4-butyl-1,6-heptadien-3,5-dione (DPBHDD). (1984)

Cristallisation a 121 K dans le systeme orthorhombique, groupe Pca2 1 et affinement jusqu'a R=0,040. Le cycle enol est asymetrique
Some Recent Developments in Synthetic Organic Sulfur Chemistry (1972)

Some useful synthetic advances related to organic sulfur compounds are reviewed that have occurred since issue 16 years ago of the comprehensive Houben-Weyl-Müller Volume IX. Uses of sulfur chemistry to synthesize final products containing no sulfur have been notable, and such products are emphasized in italics for the general reader. Each of the more than 50 classes of sulfur compounds considered are either named in the titles or shown in italics in the text. 1. Introduction 2. Thiols 3. Thiocarboxylic Acids and Derivatives 4. Thiocarbonic Acid Derivatives. Isothiocyanates 5. Mercaptals and Mercaptoles 6. Disulfides and Polysulfides 7. Sulfenic Acid Derivatives 8. Sulfides 9. Thials and Thiones 10. Sulfoxides, Other S-Oxides, and Sulfimides 11. Sulfonium Salts and Sulfonium Ylids 12. Sulfinic Acids and Derivatives 13. Sulfones, Sulfenes, and Related Nitrogen Species 14. Sulfonic Acids and Derivatives 15. Derivatives of Sulfurous and Sulfuric Acid 16. Miscellaneous
Optical encryption for high-bit rate systems using fiber Bragg gratings (2003)

A technique for encrypting optical communication signals using fiber Bragg gratings is proposed and demonstrated. The input pulses were converted into two pulses by differential delay imposed by the reflection on two Bragg grating with different spectral response and separated along the fiber. To recover the original pulses, a similar but inverted grating arrangement is used. The principle has been tested with a periodic pulse train of 1.4 GHz repetition rate.
Collaborative Adversarial Autoencoders: An Effective Collaborative Filtering Model Under the GAN Framework (2019)

Recently, deep learning has become a preferred choice for performing tasks in diverse application domains such as computer vision, natural language processing, sensor data analytics for healthcare, and collaborative filtering for personalized item recommendation. In addition, the Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) has become one of the most popular frameworks for training machine learning models. Motivated by the huge success of GAN and deep learning on a wide range of fields, this paper explores an effective way to exploit both techniques into the collaborative filtering task for the accurate recommendation. We have noticed that the IRGAN and GraphGAN are pioneering methods that successfully apply GAN to recommender systems. However, we point out an issue regarding the employment of standard matrix factorization (MF) as their basic model, which is linear and unable to capture the non-linear, subtle latent factors underlying user-item interactions. Our proposed recommendation framework, named Collaborative Adversarial Autoencoders (CAAE), significantly extends the conventional IRGAN and GraphGAN as summarized below: 1) we use Autoencoder, which is one of the most successful deep neural networks, as our generator, instead of using the MF model; 2) we employ Bayesian personalized ranking (BPR) as our discriminative model; and 3) we incorporate another generator model into our framework that focuses on generating negative items, which are items that a given user may not be interested in. We empirically test our framework using three real-life datasets along with four evaluation metrics. Owing to those extensions, our proposed framework not only produces considerably higher recommendation accuracy than the conventional GAN-based recommenders (i.e., IRGAN and GraphGAN), but also outperforms the other state-of-the-art top-N recommenders (i.e., BPR, PureSVD, and FISM).
ON MULTI‐CLASS COST‐SENSITIVE LEARNING (2010)

Rescaling is possibly the most popular approach to cost‐sensitive learning. This approach works by rebalancing the classes according to their costs, and it can be realized in different ways, for example, re‐weighting or resampling the training examples in proportion to their costs, moving the decision boundaries of classifiers faraway from high‐cost classes in proportion to costs, etc. This approach is very effective in dealing with two‐class problems, yet some studies showed that it is often not so helpful on multi‐class problems. In this article, we try to explore why the rescaling approach is often helpless on multi‐class problems. Our analysis discloses that the rescaling approach works well when the costs are consistent , while directly applying it to multi‐class problems with inconsistent costs may not be a good choice. Based on this recognition, we advocate that before applying the rescaling approach, the consistency of the costs must be examined at first. If the costs are consistent, the rescaling approach can be conducted directly; otherwise it is better to apply rescaling after decomposing the multi‐class problem into a series of two‐class problems. An empirical study involving 20 multi‐class data sets and seven types of cost‐sensitive learners validates our proposal. Moreover, we show that the proposal is also helpful for class‐imbalance learning.
Increased Epithelial Gaps in the Small Intestine Are Predictive of Hospitalization and Surgery in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2012)

Increased epithelial gaps in the small intestine as determined by pCLE are a predictor for future hospitalization or surgery in IBD patients.
Polar effects on the formation of imines from isobutyraldehyde and primary aliphatic amines (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolar effects on the formation of imines from isobutyraldehyde and primary aliphatic aminesJack Hine, Chuen Yuan Yeh, and Frank C. SchmalstiegCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 2, 340–344Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00827a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00827a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views393Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Time Course of Wound Healing (1991)

Wound healing is a special kind of inflammation. Undisturbed wound healing is subject to a fixed time schedule of biochemical and cellular events. It is virtually impossible to deal with the time course of wound healing without describing the cellular and non-cellular events involved. The activity and mode of cell action after injury are coordinated by spatial and chronological factors, as well as by different mediators and cell-cell interacting signals. During wound healing the sequence of different signals and message substances, such as mediators of inflammation, fulfill a key function in wound repair. The report describes the time course of healing and the control of cellular events by different mediators and cell interactions. Emphasis is placed on temporal aspects, including the various signals leading to typical cellular events in wound healing.
Parallell-Plate Electron Multipliers (1972)

A review is given of the properties of parallel plate electron multipliers and present development work is described. In particular the type of multiplier fabricated by RF-sputtering of separate potential divider and secondary emission layers is discussed. This allows optimization of the two functions. Typical plate dimensions are 2O×2O mm, with a separation of 4326706 0.3 mm. The theories for the straight pipe-shaped multiplier and the parallel plate multipliers are discussed and a comparison is made with measurements, The influence of the geometry is discussed, including optimum plate spacing. A difference compared with tubular multipliers is that electron avalanches spread sideways, because of statistics and electric repulsion effects. Studies of pulse shapes and timing properties are reported. Current pulses at the oultput are about 10 nsec long, for each electron avalanche, Severlal superimposed avalanches caused by ionic feedback build up the integrated voltage pulse to a length of a few tenths of a μsec.
Design of a neural-based A/D converter using modified Hopfield network (1989)

The architecture associated with the Hopfield network can be utilized in the VLSI realization of several important engineering optimization functions for signal processing purposes. The properties of local minima in the energy function of Hopfield networks are investigated. A design technique to eliminate these local minima in the Hopfield neural-based analog-to-digital converter has been developed. Experimental data agree well with theoretical results in the output characteristics of the neural-based data converter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chlorophytum borivilianum: A White Gold for Biopharmaceuticals and Neutraceuticals (2009)

Chlorophytum borivilianum Santapau & Fernandes (Liliaceae) also known as 'Safed Musli' is a traditional rare Indian medicinal herb which has many therapeutic applications in Ayurvedic, Unani, Homeopathic and Allopathic system of medicine. Its roots (tubers) are widely used for various therapeutic applications. It is used to cure physical illness and weakness, as an aphrodisiac agent and revitalizer, as general sex tonic, remedy for diabetes, arthritis and increasing body immunity, curative for natal and postnatal problems, for rheumatism and joint pains, increase lactation in feeding mothers, as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor agent, also used in diarrhea, dysentery, gonorrhea, leucorrhea etc. It has spermatogenic property and is found useful in curing impotency, now it is considered as an alternative 'Viagra'. Its root contains steroidal and triterpenoidal saponins, sapogenins and fructans which act as therapeutic agents and play vital role in many therapeutic applications. It is a rich source of over 25 alkaloids, vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, steroids, saponins, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phenol, resins, mucilage, and polysaccharides and also contains high quantity of simple sugars, mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose and xylose. The commercial exploitation of this plant and their secondary metabolites, germplasm conservation and in vitro production of secondary metabolites for quality control are some of the major prospects of this rare medicinal herb. The focus of the present review is to galvanize the potential of therapeutic and nutritive values of this herb and production of their secondary metabolites. The in vitro tuber induction, extraction, purification and characterization of saponins are also discussed in the present review.
Neuronal biosensors (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNeuronal BiosensorsR. Michael Buch and Garry A. RechnitzCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 8, 533A–542APublication Date (Print):April 15, 1989Publication History Published online30 May 2012Published inissue 15 April 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00183a720RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (7 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Selective electro- or photo-reduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid using a Cu–Zn alloy catalyst (2017)

A copper-and-zinc (Cu–Zn) alloy material was synthesized using a vacuum sealing method, in which evaporated zinc was reacted with copper film or nanoparticles to form a homogeneous Cu–Zn alloy.
Motion weighting in helical computed tomography with wide cone angle (2010)

We describe an approach to improve image quality and temporal resolution in helical CT scans with large cone angle, when patient motion is present, such as cardiac or lung. We present evaluation results with numerical data and real scanner data.
Analysis of doping induced wafer bow during GaN:Si growth on sapphire (2012)

In-situ curvature measurements were employed to quantify stress generation during metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy growth of Si-doped GaN sandwiched between undoped GaN layers. It is shown that the creation of tensile stress in Si-doped GaN is closely linked to the density of threading dislocations in the material. Accompanying characterization by in-situ reflectance measurements and TEM analysis supports the model that the doping induced stress formation is caused by a surface-mediated dislocation climb process. In addition, curvature measurements reveal an unusual partial relaxation in GaN:nid grown atop of highly doped GaN:Si layers. This relaxation is assigned to a notable dislocation annihilation at the upper GaN:Si+/GaN:nid interface found by TEM probably due to the formation of a thin SiNx masking layer.
Location Based Authentication: A New Approach towards Providing Security (2012)

Identifying communicating entities i.e. users is todays need. The process of identifying these entities accurately is known as authentication. The conventional authentication mechanisms are based on three factors: knowledge, possession and biometrics. The geographical position of a user is an important attribute that can be used to authenticate a user. In this paper, we are trying to explain how location can be used as one of the credentials to give access to data only to legitimate user. This technique is relatively new approach towards information security.
Modeling and analysis of multi-interphase transformers for connecting power converters in parallel (2002)

Multi-interphase transformers (IPTs) for connecting plural power converters in parallel are analyzed. Firstly, the basic model of multi-IPTs is introduced, which is composed of N-parallel inductors and a negative series inductor. Then, seven types of multi-IPTs are analyzed and compared with the basic model, two of which are those proposed in this paper. It is shown that these seven types of multi-IPTs are functionally all the same but have different characteristics in the aspects of volume, weight, and complexity.
Sealing in Turbomachinery (2006)

Clearance control is of paramount importance to turbomachinery designers and is required to meet today's aggressive power output, efficiency, and operational life goals. Excessive clearances lead to losses in cycle efficiency, flow instabilities, and hot gas ingestion into disk cavities. Insufficient clearances limit coolant flows and cause interface rubbing, overheating downstream components and damaging interfaces, thus limiting component life. Designers have put renewed attention on clearance control, as it is often the most cost effective method to enhance system performance. Advanced concepts and proper material selection continue to play important roles in maintaining interface clearances to enable the system to meet design goals. This work presents an overview of turbomachinery sealing to control clearances. Areas covered include: characteristics of gas and steam turbine sealing applications and environments, benefits of sealing, types of standard static and dynamics seals, advanced seal designs, as well as life and limitations issues.
Ueber schwefelhaltige Analoga der Indigogruppe (1906)

Ein zweites krystallinisches Product habe ich aus den ersten Benzol-Ausziigen
Synthesis and characterization of triethylsiloxy-substituted alumoxanes: their structural relationship to the minerals boehmite and diaspore (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of triethylsiloxy-substituted alumoxanes: their structural relationship to the minerals boehmite and diasporeAllen W. Apblett, Alison C. Warren, and Andrew R. BarronCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 1, 167–182Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00019a033RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views353Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Parameter Sensitivity Visualization for DTI Fiber Tracking (2009)

Fiber tracking of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data offers a unique insight into the three-dimensional organisation of white matter structures in the living brain. However, fiber tracking algorithms require a number of user-defined input parameters that strongly affect the output results. Usually the fiber tracking parameters are set once and are then re-used for several patient datasets. However, the stability of the chosen parameters is not evaluated and a small change in the parameter values can give very different results. The user remains completely unaware of such effects. Furthermore, it is difficult to reproduce output results between different users. We propose a visualization tool that allows the user to visually explore how small variations in parameter values affect the output of fiber tracking. With this knowledge the user cannot only assess the stability of commonly used parameter values but also evaluate in a more reliable way the output results between different patients. Existing tools do not provide such information. A small user evaluation of our tool has been done to show the potential of the technique.
A trajectory-based approach for the lateral control of car following systems (2002)

A crucial task for steering an autonomous vehicle along a safe path in a car following scenario is the lateral control. The sensory input of such a lateral control are the position coordinates of the leader vehicle. The following problem occurs: due to the distance between the leader vehicle and the autonomous ego-vehicle, the lateral control has to interpolate a trajectory between the two vehicles. Using as a trajectory either a straight line or a curve of constant curvature causes the ego-vehicle to deviate from the leader vehicle's trajectory. Given a system delivering 3D points of the leader vehicle with time lags, one has a handle to reconstruct the leader vehicle's trajectory. In addition, one has to compensate the motion of the ego-vehicle by using its motion parameters. Once this transformation is performed, the position coordinates of the leader vehicle are available in a coordinate system at rest. Knowing the position of the ego-vehicle in that coordinate system, one can select the trajectory point of the leader vehicle that is closest to the ego-vehicle as input to the lateral controller. This simple approach increases significantly the precision of car following systems. The algorithm is applied successfully to an autonomous car for platooning at small velocities.