gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Controlled Trial Comparing Vidarabine with Acyclovir in Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection (1991)

In this multicenter, randomized, blinded study there were no differences in outcome between vidarabine and acyclovir in the treatment of neonatal HSV infection. The study lacked statistical power to determine whether there were sizable differences within the subgroups of those with localized HSV, encephalitis, or disseminated disease.
TOF-PET detector concept based on organic scintillators (2012)

In this contribution we present a new concept of the large acceptance detector systems based on organic scintillators which may allow for simultaneous diagnostic of large fraction of the human body. Novelty of the concept lies in employing large blocks of polymer scintillators instead of crystals as detectors of annihilation quanta, and in using predominantly the timing of signals instead of their amplitudes.
Immunization of suckling pigs against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced diarrheal disease by vaccinating dams with purified K99 or 987P pili: antibody production in response to vaccination (1980)

Pilus-specific antibody levels measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in serum and colostrum of pregnant swine (dams) were shown to increase after parenteral vaccination with pili. Pilus-specific antibody levels in dams were correlated with protection of their suckling offspring against fatal diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli possessing the same pilus as the vaccine.
Moderately hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and selective cerebral perfusion in ascending aorta and aortic arch surgery. Preliminary experience in twenty-two patients (1998)

Deep hypothermic cardiocirculatory arrest is the commonest method of brain protection during transverse aortic arch surgery. Its principle drawbacks consist in the limited safe ischemic period and in the coagulative, renal and pulmonary complications related to low body temperatures and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time. Different selective cerebral perfusion techniques have recently raised the interest of some surgical teams in an effort to obviate these problems. The authors' initial experiences with 22 patients, ranging in age from 19 to 78 years (mean, 55 +/- 15 years), who underwent ascending aorta and/or aortic arch replacement using selective cerebral perfusion and moderately hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass are reported here. Acute aortic dissection and atherosclerotic aneurysm were the commonest lesions observed: ascending aorta associated with partial or complete arch replacement was the most widely performed procedure. With regard to the perfusion technique, after regular cardiopulmonary bypass had been established through the iliac vessels, selective cerebral perfusion was started after aortic arch vessels cannulation (innominate artery, bilateral common carotid artery, innominate artery and left common carotid artery, or right common carotid artery) using a single roller pump separately from the systemic circulation, and brain perfusion was achieved by blood cooled at 30 degrees C, at a flow rate that ranged from 300 ml/min to 1500 ml/min, at a perfusion pressure of approximately 65 mmHg, with the patient maintained at moderate hypothermia (30 degrees C rectal). To perform distal aortic repair, if transverse aortic arch or proximal descending aorta cross-clamping was not feasible, cardiopulmonary bypass flow was lowered to 300-350 ml/min and an open anastomosis was performed, while independently assuring cerebral perfusion (six patients). There were three hospital deaths (mortality rate of 13.6%; s.d. 6.0-25.5%; 70% confidence limit), but none because of cerebral accident. No paraplegia occurred. One patient suffered from right hemiparesis, neither renal nor pulmonary complications were observed. Two chest reexplorations were necessary for bleeding, which were partially related to hemocoagulative disorders. In our experience, the technique of moderately hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and selective cerebral perfusion in aortic surgery has provided good results with regard to cerebral protection and organ function preservation. Therefore, allowing a prolonged distal aortic reconstruction period, it may be considered as a safe alternative to profound hypothermia associated with cardiocirculatory arrest in aortic arch surgery.
High‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration and Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery (2017)

URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT00791648.
Construction of an in vitro bypassed pyruvate decarboxylation pathway using thermostable enzyme modules and its application to N-acetylglutamate production (2013)

Assembly of thermostable enzymes enables the flexible design and construction of an in vitro metabolic pathway specialized for chemical manufacture. We herein report the in vitro construction of a bypassed pathway capable of an almost stoichiometric conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. This pathway is potentially applicable not only to N-acetylglutamate production but also to the production of a wide range of acetyl-CoA-derived metabolites.
Location Fingerprint Analyses Toward Efficient Indoor Positioning (2008)

Analytical models to evaluate and predict "precision" performance of indoor positioning systems based on location fingerprinting are lacking. Such models can be used to improve the design of positioning systems, for example by eliminating some fingerprints and reducing the size of the location fingerprint database. In this paper, we develop a new analytical model that employs proximity graphs for predicting performance of indoor positioning systems based on location fingerprinting. The model allows computation of an approximate probability distribution of error distance given a location fingerprint database based on received signal strength and its associated statistics. The performance results from the simulation and the analytical model are found to be congruent. This model also allows us to perform analysis of the internal structure of location fingerprints. We employ the analysis of the internal structure to identify and eliminate unnecessary location fingerprints stored in the database, thereby saving on computation while performing location estimation.
Synthesis and properties of self‐crosslinkable thermoplastic polyurethanes (2007)

Abstract The chemical modification of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has been realized by the grafting of polyisocyanates onto urethane groups through allophanate bonds to prepare self‐crosslinkable but still thermoplastic materials. Because of the lateral isocyanate groups, the resulting polymer can be easily crosslinked by the ambient moisture. However, because of the highly viscous character of the TPU even at a high temperature, this chemical reaction must be performed with a twin‐screw extruder above 190°C. The ability of linear, segmented TPUs to undergo physical (micro)structuration that strongly depends on their thermal history has been widely described in the literature, and these transformations usually occur in the same temperature range as that used for performing our chemical reactions. Moreover, the thermally reversible character of urethane and allophanate bonds above ∼ 170°C is also well‐known. Therefore, the precise characterization of the thermomechanical properties of the initial and modified materials is quite delicate because microstructural phenomena and chemical rearrangements can compete and always have to be considered simultaneously. Considering these restrictions, we have nevertheless demonstrated that the structural transformation is faster than crosslinking for a partially crosslinked TPU, but microphase separation is no longer possible for a TPU with a gel fraction higher than 50%. The chemical crosslinks of the modified TPU are reversible, but they still allow an important increase in the thermomechanical properties at a high temperature. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 105: 99–113, 2007
Desoloing Monaural Audio Using Mixture Models. (2007)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Using document clustering and language modelling in mediated information retrieval. (2002)

Our work addresses a well documented problem: users are frequently unable to articulate a query that clearly and comprehensively expresses their information need. This can be attributed to the information need being too ambiguous and not clearly defined in the user’s mind, to a lack of knowledge of the domain of interest on the part of the user, to a lack of understanding of a retrieval system’s conceptual model, or to an inability to use a certain query syntax. This thesis proposes a software tool that emulates the human search mediator. It helps a user explore a domain of interest, learn its structure, terminology and key concepts, and clarify and refine an information need. It can also help a user generate high-quality queries for searching the World Wide Web or other such large and heterogeneous document collections. Our work was inspired by library studies which have highlighted the role of the librarian in helping the user explore her information need, define the problem to be solved, articulate a formulation of the information need and adapt it for the retrieval system at hand in order to get information. Our approach, mediated access through a clustered collection, is based on an
Sgk, a Putative Serine/Threonine Kinase, Is Differentially Expressed in the Kidney of Diabetic Mice and Humans (1999)

Differential display PCR was used to identify alternate expression of serum glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (Sgk) mRNA in diabetes-induced renal disease. Differential expression of Sgk mRNA was identified in the kidneys of normal and obese db/db mice, a model of select aspects of human diabetic nephropathy. Sgk mRNA was selectively increased in diabetic mouse kidneys. The Sgk mRNA levels remained constant in other tissues from obese db/db mice. An increase in Sgk mRNA was also observed in the human diabetic kidney. In addition, thrombin, which may play a role in the progression of renal disease, increased Sgk message in cell culture. Because the diabetes-induced increase in Sgk was only observed in the kidney, which is particularly susceptible to diabetes-induced damage, Sgk may play a role in diabetic nephropathy.
Study on the characteristics of changes in air temperature and precipitation in Shenyang in recent 50 years. (2010)

Based on the data of monthly average air temperature,extreme maximum,minimum air temperature and precipitation of Shenyang from 1960 to 2009,the climate changes and its characteristics in Shenyang in recent 50 years were comprehensively analyzed and studied.The results showed that the increasing trend of air temperature in recent 50 years was obvious.With the rising of the air temperature,the precipitation in Shenyang City showed a decreasing trend.
Transient receptor potential-canonical 3 modulates sperm motility and capacitation-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation via [Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; mobilization (2015)

Ca(2+) signaling is pivotal for sperm maturation, including the processes of motility, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction. As a Ca(2+) conductor, transient receptor potential-canonical 3 (TRPC3) plays an important role in somatic cells. However, the function of TRPC3 in sperm is not well understood. Here, a pharmacological approach was used to investigate the role and mechanism of TPRC3 in sperm function. The TRPC3 antagonist Pyr3 could inhibit sperm motility and accelerate capacitation-associated protein tyrosine phosphorylation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, regardless of the presence or absence of Ca(2+) in the incubation medium. Further investigation revealed that sperm [Ca(2+)]i fell immediately once Pyr3 was added to Ca(2+)-free medium, and then gradually increased and returned to baseline levels. Moreover, the [Ca(2+)]i levels markedly elevated when sperm were incubated for 30 min in the presence of Pyr3; this change was subsequently accompanied by a significant reduction in sperm mitochondrial membrane potential. This study suggested that TRPC3 can modulate sperm function via mobilization of sperm [Ca(2+)]i.
Random networks and aligned arrays of single-walled carbon nanotubes for electronic device applications (2008)

Singled-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), in the form of ultrathin films of random networks, aligned arrays, or anything in between, provide an unusual type of electronic material that can be integrated into circuits in a conventional, scalable fashion. The electrical, mechanical, and optical properties of such films can, in certain cases, approach the remarkable characteristics of the individual SWNTs, thereby making them attractive for applications in electronics, sensors, and other systems. This review discusses the synthesis and assembly of SWNTs into thin film architectures of various types and provides examples of their use in digital electronic circuits with levels of integration approaching 100 transistors and in analog radio frequency (RF) systems with operating frequencies up to several gigahertz, including transistor radios in which SWNT transistors provide all of the active functionality. The results represent important steps in the development of an SWNT-based electronics technology that could find utility in areas such as flexible electronics, RF analog devices and others that might complement the capabilities of established systems.
Active Specific Immunotherapy of Established Micrometastasis: Effect of Cryopreservation Procedures on Tumor Cell Immunogenicity in Guinea Pigs23 (1980)

In a transplantable hepatocarcinoma (L10) model of inbred Sewall Wright strain 2 guinea pigs, established micrometastatic tumor foci could be eliminated from the viscera by specific tumor immunity induced by the systemic effect of a BCG-L10 tumor cell vaccine. The conditions of vaccine preparation and regimen were rigid, and a dose dependency for both BCG and tumor cells existed. Comparison of the influence of cryobiologic preservation procedures on the tumor cells to be used in the vaccine showed that cells frozen by an optimized cryobiologic procedure, improved for maintenance of viable cells, were more effective than cells frozen by a conventional glycerol method. The glycerol method resulted in a lower percentage of viable cells, and the effectiveness of the vaccine was greatly diminished. Thus some past failures of active specific immunotherapy could be associated with acute antigenic exposures resulting from suboptimal cryobiologic preservation of tumor cells in the vaccine preparation instead of prolonged or chronic tumor cell antigenic exposure resulting from optimal cryobiologic procedures.
Novel types of polysaccharidic assemblies (1995)

Abstract New types of polysaccharidic assemblies based on chitosan and uncharged or charged derivatives of scleroglucan are presented. Macroscopic assemblies having a spherical skinlike shape were prepared by controlled mixing of two polyelectrolyte solutions. Hydrogels based exclusively on the above natural derivatized polysaccharides crosslinked via simple chemical processes, avoiding the use of extraneous reticulating agents and organic solvents, are also described. These biocompatible materials may, eventually, be used in drug release formulations or for the incapsulation of bioactive macromolecules. The interesting possibility exists to study the micelle formation of amphiphiles within the spherical skins.
Surgery of the musculoskeletal system (1983)

Musculoskeletal surgery the hand the shoulder, arm and elbow the spine the pelvis and proximal femur the hip the knee the tibia and ankle the foot infections bone and soft tissue tumours amputations.
The Sonic Visualiser: A Visualisation Platform for Semantic Descriptors from Musical Signals. (2006)

Sonic Visualiser is the name for an implementation of a system to assist study and comprehension of the contents of audio data, particularly of musical recordings. It is a C++ application with a Qt4 GUI that runs on Windows, Mac, and Linux. It embodies a number of concepts which are intended to improve interaction with audio data and features, most notably with respect to the representation of time-synchronous information. The architecture of the application allows for easy integration of third party algorithms for the extraction of low and mid-level features from musical audio data. This paper describes some basic principles and functionalities of Sonic Visualiser.
Determination of Regional Myocardial Perfusion by X-ray Fluorescence (1990)

Validation studies were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of an x-ray induced fluorescence system in quantitating regional myocardial perfusion in vivo. In a series of 13 open-chested canines, x-ray induced fluorescence was used to simultaneously monitor iodine concentration transients which arose in the left ventricular lumen and in the myocardium after the intravenous injection of an iodinated flow tracer. Deconvolution of the recorded transients produced a transfer function from which the mean transit time for the tracer to travel between the left ventricular lumen and the myocardium was calculated. Measurements of regional myocardial perfusion (Q) made by radioactive microspheres were compared with the reciprocals of the mean transit times (MTT-1) and gave a linear correlation (n = 38): MTT-1 = 0.033 + 0.069 Q, r = 0.71. Comparison of the percent change in perfusion (dQ) relative to a control study for each dog with the percent change in the respective reciprocals of the mean transit times (dMTT-1) produced a linear correlation coefficient of r = 0.88 for the regression line dMTT-1 = 0.46 dQ - 10.7. The x-ray induced fluorescence system may provide a minimally invasive means for monitoring iodine concentration transients and determining relative, if not absolute, measures of regional myocardial perfusion.
IL-22 <sup>+</sup> CD4 <sup>+</sup> T Cells Are Associated with Therapeutic <i>Trichuris trichiura</i> Infection in an Ulcerative Colitis Patient (2010)

Ulcerative colitis, a type of inflammatory bowel disease, is less common in countries endemic for helminth infections, suggesting that helminth colonization may have the potential to regulate intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases. Indeed, therapeutic effects of experimental helminth infection have been reported in both animal models and clinical trials. Here, we provide a comprehensive cellular and molecular portrait of dynamic changes in the intestinal mucosa of an individual who infected himself with Trichuris trichiura to treat his symptoms of ulcerative colitis. Tissue with active colitis had a prominent population of mucosal T helper (T(H)) cells that produced the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) but not IL-22, a cytokine involved in mucosal healing. After helminth exposure, the disease went into remission, and IL-22-producing T(H) cells accumulated in the mucosa. Genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were up-regulated in helminth-colonized tissue, whereas tissues with active colitis showed up-regulation of proinflammatory genes such as IL-17, IL-13RA2, and CHI3L1. Therefore, T. trichiura colonization of the intestine may reduce symptomatic colitis by promoting goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus production through T(H)2 cytokines and IL-22. Improved understanding of the physiological effects of helminth infection may lead to new therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases.
Managing Personal Information Disclosure in Ubiquitous Computing Environments (2003)

Ubiquitous computing stands to redefine established notions of privacy as it introduces regular, pervasive sensing of personal information such as identity, location, and activity. To effectively and comfortably manage the disclosure of personal information, end-users will require a coherent conceptual model of privacy and convenient user interfaces to manage it. We describe a conceptual framework designed to support personal privacy management in ubiquitous computing by empowering users to adjust the precision of disclosed information. The framework relies on three key strategies: encapsulation, a priori configuration, and manual configuration. We describe a prototypical user interface built to instantiate this framework and we report the results of a formative evaluation of the framework. Results show our approach is superior to simple, automated disclosure paradigms but can be further refined
Toward the Reverse Engineering of UML Sequence Diagrams for Distributed Java Software (2006)

This paper proposes a methodology and instrumentation infrastructure toward the reverse engineering of UML (Unified Modeling Language) sequence diagrams from dynamic analysis. One motivation is, of course, to help people understand the behavior of systems with no (complete) documentation. However, such reverse-engineered dynamic models can also be used for quality assurance purposes. They can, for example, be compared with design sequence diagrams and the conformance of the implementation to the design can thus be verified. Furthermore, discrepancies can also suggest failures in meeting the specifications. Due to size constraints, this paper focuses on the distribution aspects of the methodology we propose. We formally define our approach using metamodels and consistency rules. The instrumentation is based on aspect-oriented programming in order to alleviate the effort overhead usually associated with source code instrumentation. A case study is discussed to demonstrate the applicability of the approach on a concrete example
Focusing Properties of Solid Multielement Acoustic Lenses (1972)

The sound velocity, thermal coeffecient of sound velocity, and attenuation coefficients of 20 common plastics were measured and used as a basis for the design of several lenses. Materials selected were polyethylene, nylon, polystyrene, polyphenylene oxide, and a low sound velocity silicone rubber compound. Using common geometrical optics techniques, lenses were designed to minimize off-axis aberrations for focal length to aperture ratios ranging from 1 to 3 and aperture-to-wavelength ratios up to 150. Using methods analogous to chromatic aberration correction in optics, lenses were designed for constant focal length over the temperature range 0–30°C. Two and four element lens systems with apertures up to 30 cm were fabricated from the selected materials. Measurements were made in the frequency range 300 kHz–1.2 MHz, and good agreement with theoretical predictions of focal length and directional response was observed. The effects of shear waves were not evident. The theoretical model used to evaluate lens performance was based on the numerical evaluation of the Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction integral. This work shows that it is possible, using established optical design methods and commonly available solid materials, to fabricate athermal acoustic lenses with good performance characteristics at aperture-to-wavelength ratios up to 150.
Cheating on College Examinations (2007)

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of contexts on cheating attitudes and behavior among Brazilian undergraduates. Participants were 77 Previous Choice Engineering and 70 Late Choice Engineering students. Previous Choice students enter the desired field chosen by examination, whereas Late Choice students' grades during the two first college years give them preference to choose the field. Their self-reported attitudes and behaviors were compared with those of 82 chemistry undergraduates from two universities (UNI-C and USP-C). The Late Choice students reported significant negative opinion about cheating, whereas Previous Choice students, especially women, reported significant favorable opinion. Furthermore, Previous Choice students reported colleagues more frequently gave them answers on examinations than Late Choice students. The two university groups in chemistry had intermediate scores. Deterrents of cheating strongly embedded in the student culture were found among Late Choice engineering undergraduates which may be explained by social learning theory.