gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vertical profiles of suspended sand concentration and size from multifrequency acoustic backscatter (1992)

Vertical profiles of suspended sand concentration and size are obtained from multifrequency acoustic profiling data collected in 1989 during a nearshore experiment at Stanhope Lane Beach, Prince Edward Island. The data were acquired with acoustic sounders operating at 1, 2.25, and 5 MHz. Independent estimates of concentration were made using optical backscatter sensors (OBSs). The algorithm for inversion of the three‐frequency backscatter data to particle size and concentration, based on the ratios of the different signals, was tested in laboratory experiments with an unconfined high Reynolds number suspended sediment jet. Results from the Stanhope Beach experiment are presented for three different surface wave energy regimes, with significant wave orbital velocities ranging from 0.3 to 0.8 m/s and peak wave periods of 4–6 s. The acoustic estimates of mean concentration are shown to be within 10% on average of those determined with the OBS nearest the bottom at 5‐ to 10‐cm height, over time scales ranging from 6.5 min to 4–6 s (one wave period). The acoustic estimates of suspended sediment size near the bottom are within 5–20% of the bottom sediment mean size. The statistical variability of the size estimates is high, with standard deviations in the estimates ranging between 30 and 50% of the mean. The time‐averaged concentration profiles exhibit an exponential decrease with height above an O (10)‐cm‐thick near‐bottom region of nonexpo‐nential decrease. In contrast, the time‐averaged mean size profiles decrease approximately linearly with height, and rather slowly, about 25% in 0.5 m.
Molecular design principles of ionic liquids with a sulfonyl fluoride moiety (2021)

New family of SO<sub>2</sub>F-functionalized ionic liquids.
Nanoscale structural evolution of electrically driven insulator to metal transition in vanadium dioxide (2013)

The structural evolution of tensile strained vanadium dioxide thin films was examined across the electrically driven insulator-to-metal transition by nanoscale hard X-ray diffraction. A metallic filament with rutile (R) structure was found to be the dominant conduction pathway for an electrically driven transition, while the majority of the channel area remained in the monoclinic M1 phase. The filament dimensions were estimated using simultaneous electrical probing and nanoscale X-ray diffraction. Analysis revealed that the width of the conducting channel can be tuned externally using resistive loads in series, enabling the M1/R phase ratio in the phase coexistence regime to be tuned.
A Complex of Two Centrosomal Proteins, CAP350 and FOP, Cooperates with EB1 in Microtubule Anchoring (2005)

The anchoring of microtubules (MTs) to subcellular structures is critical for cell shape, polarity, and motility. In mammalian cells, the centrosome is a prominent MT anchoring structure. A number of proteins, including ninein, p150Glued, and EB1, have been implicated in centrosomal MT anchoring, but the process is far from understood. Here we show that CAP350 and FOP (FGFR1 oncogene partner) form a centrosomal complex required for MT anchoring. We show that the C-terminal domain of CAP350 interacts directly with FOP and that both proteins localize to the centrosome throughout the cell cycle. FOP also binds to EB1 and is required for localizing EB1 to the centrosome. Depletion of either CAP350, FOP, or EB1 by siRNA causes loss of MT anchoring and profound disorganization of the MT network. These results have implications for the mechanisms underlying MT anchoring at the centrosome and they attribute a key MT anchoring function to two novel centrosomal proteins, CAP350 and FOP.
<i>In situ</i> expression of B7 and CD28 receptor families in human malignant melanoma: Relevance for T‐cell‐mediated anti‐tumor immunity (1995)

Work in animal models has suggested that interactions of members of the B7 receptor family (e.g., B7-1, B7-2) on tumor cells with their ligands CD28 and CTLA-4 on cytotoxic T cells (CTL) are important for the induction of anti-tumor immunity against malignant melanoma (MM). To determine whether these molecules are of relevance for CTL responses against human MM, we studied the expression of B7-1, B7-2, CD28 and CTLA-4 in primary tumors of MM (PMM), MM metastases (MMM) and benign melanocytic nevi (BMN) by immunohistochemistry (IH) and by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). By RT-PCR, B7-1 and B7-2-specific mRNAs were detected in most PMM, MMM and BMN. These PCR-signals were derived from CD45(+)-infiltrating leukocytes and not from tumor cells since (I) MMM depleted of CD45+ cells contained no B7-1 or B7-2 mRNA; and (2) by IH, B7-1 and B7-2 were found on infiltrating dendritic cells, macrophages and a variable proportion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) but not on melanoma cells or nevus cells. The important exceptions were 5/5 spontaneously regressing PMM, in which B7-1 and B7-2 were expressed by melanoma cells, that were surrounded by TIL expressing CD28 but not CTLA-4. We conclude that, in PMM, MMM and BMN, the majority of TIL are CD28+ and that B7-1 and B7-2 are expressed by CD45(+)-infiltrating antigen-presenting cells (APC) and TIL, but not by the tumor cells. However, in spontaneously regressing PMM, melanoma cells express B7-1, B7-2 and MHC class-I and -II antigens, particularly in areas with clinical and histological signs of an ongoing anti-tumor response. These data suggest that the absence of B7-1 and B7-2 favors the escape of MM from immunosurveillance, while B7-1, B7-2 expression enhances T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.
Two Improved Algorithms for Layered QC-LDPC Decoding Algorithm (2018)

Low-Density Parity-Check code is a kind of near-optimal error correction code. In order to improve the performance of layered decoding algorithms, two algorithms are put forward in this paper. In the first algorithm, additional messages are employed for the messages updating operation of each layer by using another layered part, making it possible to accelerate the speed of convergence. In the second one, a correction operation for certain type of errors is performed to improve the decoding performance. Simulation results show that more decoding gain and accelerated convergence can be obtained compared with the conventional layered decoding algorithms.
Prediction of Typewriting Success (1935)

Abstract A report of part of an investigation of factors affecting the acquisition of typewriting skill, made possible by a grant from The Carnegie Corporation through the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Interleukin 12 in host defense against microbial pathogens. (1993)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Single electron memory characteristic of siliconnanodotnanowire transistor (2000)

The authors have successfully fabricated an Si nanodot nanowire memory transistor using an inorganic SiO2 EB resist process for the formation of a 15 nm wide Si nanowire and an RTO process of an ultra-thin a-Si:H film for the ultra-small Si nanodot formation. In the fabricated Si nanodevice, a very large single electron charging effect, i.e. ΔVth of 0.72 V, is experimentally observed, and ΔVth of 2.2 V at 3 electrons is confirmed at room temperature. The developed technology may be useful for opening the way towards future Si nanodevices.
Wi-Fi Gesture Recognition on Existing Devices (2014)

This paper introduces the first wireless gesture recognition system that operates using existingWi-Fi signals and devices. To achieve this, we first identify limitations of existing wireless gesture recognition approaches that limit their applicability to Wi-Fi. We then introduce algorithms that can classify gestures using information that is readily available on Wi-Fi devices. We demonstrate the feasibility of our design using a prototype implementation on off-the-shelf Wi-Fi devices. Our results show that we can achieve a classification accuracy of 91% while classifying four gestures across six participants, without the need for per-participant training. Finally, we show the feasibility of gesture recognition in non-line-ofsight situations with the participants interacting with a Wi-Fi device placed in a backpack.
A full digital magnetic induction measurement device for non-contact vital parameter monitoring (MONTOS) (2012)

Magnetic induction measurements enable contactless monitoring of breathing and heart activity. Since this technique is in the scope of many research groups, there are several research devices available. Most of these devices are suitable for tomography approaches, e.g. edema detection or for monitoring technical processes, such as fluid in tubes or metal blocks. However, these devices are less useable for vital parameter monitoring. In this article, we present an new modular magnetic induction measurement system called MONTOS (Monitoring System) for this scenario. Since the implementation is fully digital, each module can easily be applied to several measurement conditions in vital parameter monitoring, i.e. Multi-Frequency measurement modes, Single-Excitation and Multiple-Measurements or Multiple-Excitation and Single-Measurement. Data output is realized via local area networks (LAN), thereby streaming the data to a monitoring computer. Finally, it will be demonstrated that impedance changes due to breathing of a human adult can be detected.
High resolution and field desorption mass spectrometry studies and revised structures of alamethicins I and II (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh resolution and field desorption mass spectrometry studies and revised structures of alamethicins I and IIRamesh C. Pandey, J. Carter Cook Jr., and Kenneth L. Rinehart Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 26, 8469–8483Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00468a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00468a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views225Altmetric-Citations162LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analytical Method to Optimize the Cascaded SuperCascode Power Switch Balancing Network (2021)

SuperCascode Power Switches (SCPS) use series-connected Low Voltage (LV)- High Current (HC) devices in a serial string to realize High Voltage (HV) – HC power switches. Cascading of SuperCascodes (CSC) is a modification of the earlier proposed SCPS concept aimed to scale the switching topology to very high (>100kV) levels or applied to optimize previously reported HV SCPSs to achieve higher switching speed, reduced balancing network size and lower switching losses. However, certain practical challenges create engineering constraints in design which will be discussed and highlighted in this paper. Firstly, for a serial string of devices, scaling the devices adds stray inductances which lead to delays in triggering serial devices, de-synchronization of triggering and unexpected overvoltages that limit scalability. This paper provides an analytical model to enable optimization through simulation and provides experimental data verifying the model.
Mechanisms Involved in Apoptosis of Human Macrophages Induced by Lipopolysaccharide from<i>Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans</i>in the Presence of Cycloheximide (2004)

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a major periodontopathic bacterium with multiple virulence factors, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Previous reports have demonstrated that LPS induced apoptosis in a murine macrophage-like cell line, J744.1, as well as in peritoneal macrophages from C3H/HeN mice in the presence of cycloheximide (CHX). However, the detailed molecular mechanisms involved in the apoptosis of macrophages induced by LPS and CHX are not well known. To clarify the possible role of LPS in the induction of macrophage apoptosis, we investigated cell death induced by LPS from A. actinomycetemcomitans and CHX in human macrophage-like U937 cells, which were differentiated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), and also assessed the molecular mechanisms involved in the process. We found that TPA-differentiated U937 cells usually showed resistance to LPS-induced apoptosis. However, in the presence of CHX, LPS induced release of cytochrome c without modifying steady-state levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bax, and Bak. Treatment with LPS in the presence of CHX also led to activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis via, in part, the CD14/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The induction of cytochrome c release may have been due to dephosphorylation of Akt and Bad, which were cooperatively induced by CHX and LPS. However, endogenous tumor necrosis factor alpha- and Fas-induced signals, extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinases and I-kappa B alpha/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) were not required for caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. These results emphasize the possible important role of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway leading to caspase-3 activation in LPS-induced apoptosis of human macrophages in the presence of CHX.
Air-carrier spray equipment: Economical and effective in applying concentrated spray mixtures (1950)

Field investigations with different spray methods have shown that heavy applications—1,100 gallons per acre on average sized trees, to 2,500 gallons on larger trees—are not necessary to obtain satisfactory deposits of the spray chemicals and control of the insects and plant disease problems.
On-Ramp Fuzzy Logic Control and Auxiliary Project Design of Freeway (2006)

In order to ensure the safe, expedite and comfortable operation of freeway mainline, and to lessen its influence on linked roads, a fuzzy logic controller of on-ramp was constructed, three kinds of auxiliary on-ramp projects were designed. In practical engineering, the upstream density, downstream density and entrance queue of vehicle-flux were selected as controller inputs, the metering rate of on-ramp was selected as controller output. Calculated result indicates that downstream vehicle speeds in mainline are decreasing obviously with the increasing of vehicle number in on-ramp; according to upstream density, downstream density and vehicle number, ramp metering rate can be calculated; the entrance of on-ramp vehicles can be controlled by the real-time adjusting of the metering rate of freeway on-ramp, the application of auxiliary projects can alleviate the congestion of linked roads, and improve the safety and efficiency of freeway running. Language: en
CD4 T cells, lymphopenia, and IL-7 in a multistep pathway to autoimmunity (2008)

There are many inhibitory mechanisms that function at the cellular and molecular levels to maintain tolerance. Despite this, self-reactive clones escape regulatory mechanisms and cause autoimmunity in certain circumstances. We hypothesized that the same mechanisms that permit T cells to expand during homeostatic proliferation may inadvertently promote autoimmunity under certain conditions. One major homeostatic cytokine is IL-7, and studies have linked it or its receptor to the development of multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. We show in a model of beta-islet cell self-reactivity that the transfer of activated autoreactive CD4 T cells can prime and expand endogenous autoreactive CD8 T cells in a CD28- and CD40-dependent manner through the licensing of dendritic cells. Despite this, mice do not develop diabetes. However, the provision of exogenous IL-7 or the physiological production of IL-7 associated with lymphopenia was able to profoundly promote the expansion of self-reactive clones even in the presence of regulatory T cells. Autoimmune diabetes rapidly ensued with CD4 help and the subsequent activation of CD8 T cells, which contributed to disease progression. With the advent of many biologicals targeting TNFalpha, IL-6, and IL-1 and their effective use in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, we propose that IL-7 and its receptor may be promising targets for biological agents in the treatment of autoimmunity.
The cyclophilin component of the unactivated estrogen receptor contains a tetratricopeptide repeat domain and shares identity with p59 (FKBP59) (1993)

Using a rapid single-step affinity chromatography procedure we have isolated the unactivated estrogen receptor from bovine uterus. Results of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western analyses for protein extracts recovered from affinity chromatography of receptor cytosols, either preincubated or untreated with estradiol, suggest a component structure for the intact oligomeric receptor which includes hsp90, hsp70, p59, a 40-kDa cyclophilin-related protein, and an uncharacterized 22-kDa protein species. We have chemically determined the amino acid sequences of eight peptides derived from the 40-kDa component and now report the cloning and primary sequence of a cDNA encoding this protein, which is designated estrogen receptor-binding cyclophilin (ERBC). Homology analyses confirm that ERBC is a new member of the cyclophilin family and contains a C-terminal domain with significant sequence homology to an internal region of p59, a binding protein for the immunosuppressant FK506 (FKBP59). This conserved region includes a 3-unit tetratricopeptide repeat domain bounded at the C terminus by a putative calmodulin binding site. We propose that the tetratricopeptide repeat domain mediates the protein interaction properties of ERBC and p59. Both immunophilins may have important roles in receptor assembly and may represent a new category of ligand- and calcium-dependent modulators of protein function.
<i>Comamonas Testosteroni</i> Meningitis in a Homeless Man (2008)

We report a case of meningitis caused by Comamonas testosteroni in a 54-year-old, alcoholic, homeless man. He, as a pedestrian, was struck by a car and suffered multiple fractures of the facial bones including the left frontal sinus. Over the course of 2-week hospitalization, he was clinically diagnosed with multiple cerebral and cerebellar infarcts resulting in altered mental status. He was pronounced dead 15 days after the injury. At the time of autopsy, diffuse purulent meningitis was found on gross examination. A swab culture of the brain surface was positive for C. Testosteroni, a saprophytic organism commonly found in soil and water. This is the first reported case of fatal meningitis caused by this micro-organism.
Decreased Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Increased Superoxide Anion Production in Cardiac Hypertrophy of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (1995)

In order to investigate SHR hypertrophied heart myocardial vulnerability, superoxide dismutase, a potent scavenger of superoxide anion, was examined in myocardium of SHR and WKY in relation to aging, as well as under doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy. Superoxide anion production due to doxorubicin administration was also examined histochemically. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), either as Mn-SOD in mitochondria or as CuZn-SOD in cytoplasm, was found to be lower in aged SHR hypertrophied heart than in age-matched WKY heart. Under DOX-induced cardiomyopathy, SOD activity was significantly lower in SHR hypertrophied heart than either control SHR or treated WKY myocardium. Superoxide anion generation, examined morphologically as formazan deposits, was much more intense in SHR myocardium and some degenerative changes were found such formazan-containing cells. These results clearly indicate that the myocardial vulnerability of SHR hypertrophied heart might be a result of a lowered free radical scavenge ability.
Prevalence of nptII and Tn5 in kanamycin-resistant bacteria from different environments (1993)

Kanamycin (Km)-resistant bacterial populations in different soil, river water, sewage and pig manure slurry samples were enumerated and their prevalence in the total populations determined. About 350 Km-resistant Gram-negative colonies grown in the presence of kanamycin were identified using a rapid presumptive identification scheme. They were then screened for the presence of Tn5 and nptII sequences using hybridization of cells in dot blots, of Southern-blotted genomic DNA extracts and of PCR amplification products. Colonies reacting positively with a 2.7 kb probe of the central region of Tn5, or with a 925 bp nptII specific probe were primarily obtained from sewage samples, whereas fewer were obtained from pig manure slurry, river water and soil. However, in soil samples bacteria containing Tn5 or nptII were not found. Transposon Tn5 carrying the nptII gene could be unequivocally demonstrated in 3 isolates from sewage, identified as Aeromonas spp. (2x) and Escherichia coli. HindIII digests of chromosomal DNA obtained from these strains were cloned and shown to confer Km resistance to a sensitive E. coli strain. Further, various strains revealed the presence of nptII homologous sequences in a non-Tn5 background. The occurence of Tn5 and nptII in the samples was also assessed via PCR analysis of total community DNA extracts obtained from the aforementioned environmental samples. Evidence for the occurence of nptII was obtained for sewage, pig manure slurry, for 2 (out of 3) river water (Avon, Rhine) and 3 (out of 6) soil (Flevo silt loam, Westmaas silt loam, Ahlum rhizosphere) samples. Tn5 was not detectable via PCR in any of these environmental DNA extracts but it was found in Ede loamy sand and Flevo silt loam samples taken from a field microplot 2 and 4 weeks after release of a Tn5-containing genetically modified organism.
Exploiting long distance collocational relations in predictive typing (2003)

In this paper, we report about some preliminary experiments in which we tried to improve the performance of a state-of-the-art Predictive Typing system for the German language by adding a collocation-based prediction component. This component tries to exploit the fact that texts have a topic and are semantically coherent. Thus, the appearance in a text of a certain word can be a cue that other, semantically related words are likely to appear soon. The collocation-based module exploits this kind of topical/semantic relatedness by relying on statistics about the co-occurrence of words within a large window of text in the training corpus. Our current experimental results indicate that using the collocation-based prediction module has a small but consistent positive effect on the performance of the system.