gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes of the Marginal Periodontium as a Result of Labial Tooth Movement in Monkeys (1981)

Tooth position has been suggested to be an important factor in gingival recession. Due to conflicting reports in the literature, this study was undertaken to examine the effects of labial tooth movement on changes in the marginal periodontium. Orthodontic tooth movement was performed in five monkeys (Macaca nemistrina). Oral health was established and exploratory surgery was performed to assess the level of the connective tissue attachment and marginal bone. Measurements of the gingival margin and mucogingival junction were taken and orthodontic forces were applied. The central incisors were moved labially a mean distance of 3.05 mm. Posttherapy measurements were performed to assess the change which occurred as a result of tooth movement. Significant recession of the gingival margin, connective tissue level and marginal bone was found.
Microencapsulation of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (1994)

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris was microencapsulated within alginate/poly-L-lysine (alg/PLL), nylon or crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) membranes. Toxic effects were observed with solvents and reagents used in nylon and PEI membrane formation. Alg/PLL encapsulation resulted in viable and active cell preparations which acidified milk at a rate proportional to the cell concentration, but at rates less than that of free cell preparations. At 4 x 10(8) colony-forming units (cfu/ml milk), encapsulated cells took 17 per cent longer than free lactococci to reduce the pH of milk to 5.5. Similar activities of free and micro-encapsulated cells may be attained at higher cell concentrations (10(9) cfu/ml milk). The rate of lactic acid production was approximately 2 mmol/h at an encapsulated cell concentration of 4 x 10(8) cfu/ml.
High-Electron-Mobility Transistors Based on InAlN/GaN Nanoribbons (2011)

We demonstrate high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) based on InAlN/GaN nanoribbon (NR) structures. These devices, with NR widths d in the 50-90 nm range, are fabricated through a top-down technology on planar InAlN/GaN samples grown on a SiC substrate. The electrical properties of the InAlN/GaN NRs have been characterized by transmission-line model measurements and in HEMT structures, and compared with similar planar devices fabricated in close proximity. External mechanical stress and adequate surface passivation have a great impact on the NRs' performance. For example, when a thin Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> dielectric is used to passivate the surface and to introduce tensile stress in the NR devices, the sheet resistance in the NRs becomes up to ~46% lower than that in passivated planar structures. These enhanced transport properties resulted in NR HEMTs with ~20-45% higher raw current than that in planar HEMTs. The NR technology combined with strain-passivation engineering allows the fabrication of NR HEMTs with record current densities (~2.9 A/mm) in the InAlN/GaN material system.
A novel cross layer design scheme based on principal component analysis in cognitive network (2010)

Cross layer design is a popular approach in mobile networks to combat the fast time-varying wireless characters. Cognitive network is also used for enhancing the networks' adaptation. In this paper, we proposed a novel cross layer design scheme based on principal component analysis (PCA) in cognitive network. In purpose of making networks adaptive to the changes of the environment, the statistics method is employed in cross layer design. In this paper, the PCA is proposed to analyze the parameters in network and their influence on the network performance. By this way, the cross layer design in cognitive network can be more effective and accurate.
Animal models as a tool in hepatocellular carcinoma research: A Review (2017)

Cancer is the first cause of death in developed countries and the second in developing countries. Concerning the most frequent worldwide-diagnosed cancer, primary liver cancer represents approximately 4% of all new cancer cases diagnosed globally. However, among primary liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma is by far the most common histological subtype. Notwithstanding the health promotion and disease prevention campaigns, more than half a million new hepatocellular carcinoma cases are reported yearly, being estimated to growth continuously until 2020. Taking this scenario under consideration and the fact that some aspects concerning hepatocellular carcinoma evolution and metastasize process are still unknown, animal models assume a crucial role to understand this disease. The animal models have also provided the opportunity to screen new therapeutic strategies. The present review was supported on research and review papers aiming the complexity and often neglected chemically induced animal models in hepatocarcinogenesis research. Despite the ongoing debate, chemically induced animal models, namely, mice and rat, can provide unique valuable information on the biotransformation mechanisms against xenobiotics and apprehend the deleterious effects on DNA and cell proteins leading to carcinogenic development. In addition, taking under consideration that no model achieves all hepatocellular carcinoma research purposes, criteria to define the " ideal" animal model, depending on the researchers' approach, are also discussed in this review.
Pattern synthesis of circular arrays with many directive elements (1968)

A method for synthesizing the radiation pattern of a circular array with directive elements is presented. The required excitations are determined from an explicit formula which requires no reduction or inversion of matrices. It is particularly useful for designing large circular arrays with many elements.
Revised Formulation for the Refractive Index of Water and Steam as a Function of Wavelength, Temperature and Density (1998)

Schiebener et al. published a formulation for the refractive index of water and steam in 1990 [J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 19, 677 (1990)]. It covered the ranges 0.2 to 2.5 μm in wavelength, −12 to 500 °C in temperature, and 0 to 1045 kg m−3 in density. The formulation was adopted by the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS) in 1991. In the present article, the data, after conversion to ITS-90, have been refitted to the same functional form, but based on an improved equation of state for water adopted by IAPWS in 1995. The revised coefficients are reported, and some tabular material is provided. The revised refractive-index formulation was adopted by IAPWS in 1997 and is available as part of a National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Database. For most conditions, the revised formulation does not differ significantly from the previous one. A substantial improvement has been obtained in supercooled water at ambient pressure, where the previous formulation was defective. Special attention has been paid to the behavior of the refractive index in the near infrared, where strongly oscillating data were reported after the correlation of Schiebener et al. had appeared, leading to subsequent curtailing of the range of validity of the formulation. Newer results do not show these oscillations. They are compared with the revised formulation.
A comparison of two methods for measuring vessel length in woody plants (2015)

Vessel lengths are important to plant hydraulic studies, but are not often reported because of the time required to obtain measurements. This paper compares the fast dynamic method (air injection method) with the slower but traditional static method (rubber injection method). Our hypothesis was that the dynamic method should yield a larger mean vessel length than the static method. Vessel length was measured by both methods in current year stems of Acer, Populus, Vitis and Quercus representing short- to long-vessel species. The hypothesis was verified. The reason for the consistently larger values of vessel length is because the dynamic method measures air flow rates in cut open vessels. The Hagen-Poiseuille law predicts that the air flow rate should depend on the product of number of cut open vessels times the fourth power of vessel diameter. An argument is advanced that the dynamic method is more appropriate because it measures the length of the vessels that contribute most to hydraulic flow. If all vessels had the same vessel length distribution regardless of diameter, then both methods should yield the same average length. This supports the hypothesis that large-diameter vessels might be longer than short-diameter vessels in most species.
Transient regulatory T-cell (Treg) depletion with IL-2 diphtheria toxin fusion protein enhances clearance of acute myeloid leukemia by haploidentical natural killer (NK) cells (2013)

Meeting abstracts Adoptive transfer of haploidentical natural killer (NK) cells can induce remissions in patients with AML. Despite lymphodepleting chemotherapy failure may result from suppression by host regulatory T cells (Treg). We report outcomes of 57 refractory AML patients treated with
Replacement of secondary clarification by membrane separation — Results with plate and hollow fibre modules (1998)

Submerged membrane systems can replace the final clarification step to separate mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) from treated wastewater in the activated sludge processes. Mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations as high as 20 g/l can be maintained compared with the typical 3–4 g/l for conventional activated sludge/secondary clarifier systems. This leads to much smaller reactor volumes. In addition, excellent, solid free effluent qualities can be achieved with this process technology. One major challenge, when applying membrane technology to municipal wastewater treatment systems, is handling the flow variations typically encountered by these systems. This paper reports about the parallel investigation of two membrane-systems installed within a 7 m 3 and a 9 m 3 bioreactor. One membrane system used submerged plate modules (80 m 2 membrane surface), the other hollow fibre modules (83.4 m 2 ). The emphasis of this first investigation was the hydraulic performance and elasticity of the membrane systems. At MLSS concentrations of 15 g/l and hydraulic retention times of 6 hours, flux rates of 15 l/m 2 h under permanent operation and up to 30 l/m 2 h for short periods of time were achieved (standardised to a temperature of 10°C). A stable operation at these rates could be achieved for a full 4 months period without chemical cleaning of the membranes. Future studies will focus on nutrient removal aspects and the energy consumption of the systems.
Rational Design of CPP-based Drug Delivery Systems: Considerations from Pharmacokinetics (2014)

Therapeutics are restricted from cellular internalization due to the biological barrier formed by the cell membrane. Especially for therapeutics with high molecular weight, strategies are required to enable delivery to intracellular targets. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) represent a powerful tool to mediate the entry of large cargos such as proteins, siRNA and nanoparticles. The high diversity of CPPs is the prerequisite to use this class of carriers for various applications. However, therapies based on CPPs are hampered by their unfavorable pharmacokinetics, mainly dominated by their rapid renal clearance and their lack of specificity. Rational design is required to overcome these disadvantages and thereby exploits the actual potential of CPPs. We summarize and highlight the current state of knowledge with special emphasis on pharmacokinetics. The unclear internalization pathways of CPPs remain one of the main obstacles and therefore have been in the focus of research. In this review, several promising strategies such as the combination with targeting sequences, activatable CPPs and adjustment of the molecular weight are described. In addition, new absorption pathways such as nasal, pulmonary or transdermal uptake expand the applicability of CPPs and may be a promising prospect for clinical application.
A bacterial dextranase (1959)

Research Article| May 01 1959 A bacterial dextranase R. W. Bailey; R. W. Bailey 1Plant Chemistry Division, D.S.I.R., Palmerston North, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. T. J. Clarke R. T. J. Clarke 1Plant Chemistry Division, D.S.I.R., Palmerston North, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1959) 72 (1): 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0720049 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation R. W. Bailey, R. T. J. Clarke; A bacterial dextranase. Biochem J 1 May 1959; 72 (1): 49–54. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0720049 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1959 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1959 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Specific cleavage of target RNAs from HIV-1 with 5' half tRNA by mammalian tRNA 3' processing endoribonuclease. (1996)

Mammalian tRNA 3' processing endoribonuclease (3' tRNase) can be converted to an RNA cutter that recognizes four bases, with about a 65-nt 3'-truncated tRNA(Arg) or tRNA(Ala). The 3'-truncated tRNA recognizes the target RNA via four base pairings between the 5'terminal sequence and a sequence 1-nt upstream of the cleavage site, resulting in a pre-tRNA-like complex (Nashimoto M, 1995, Nucleic Acids Res 23:3642-3647). Here I developed a general method for more specific RNA cleavage using 3' tRNase. In the presence of a 36-nt 5' half tRNA(Arg) truncated after the anticodon, 3' tRNase cleaved the remaining 56-nt 3' half tRNA(Arg) with a 19-nt 3' trailer after the discriminator. This enzyme also cleaved its derivatives with a 5' extra sequence or nucleotide changes or deletions in the T stem-loop and extra loop regions, although the cleavage efficiency decreases as the degree of structural change increases. This suggests that any target RNA can be cleaved site-specifically by 3'tRNase in the presence of a 5' half tRNA modified to form a pre-tRNA-like complex with the target. Using this method, two partial HIV-1 RNA targets were cleaved site-specifically in vitro. These results also indicate that the sequence and structure of the T stem-loop domain are important, but not essential, for the recognition of pre-tRNAs by 3' tRNase.
High-Resolution Optical and SAR Image Fusion for Building Database Updating (2011)

This paper addresses the issue of cartographic database (DB) creation or updating using high-resolution synthetic aperture radar and optical images. In cartographic applications, objects of interest are mainly buildings and roads. This paper proposes a processing chain to create or update building DBs. The approach is composed of two steps. First, if a DB is available, the presence of each DB object is checked in the images. Then, we verify if objects coming from an image segmentation should be included in the DB. To do those two steps, relevant features are extracted from images in the neighborhood of the considered object. The object removal/inclusion in the DB is based on a score obtained by the fusion of features in the framework of Dempster-Shafer evidence theory.
Interleukin-6 production by human melanoma cell lines. (1992)

We examined the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) by 12 established human melanoma cell lines. Two constitutively produced low levels of IL-6 protein, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cells from these two lines, as well as those from two non-IL-6-producing cell lines, contained IL-6-specific mRNA as demonstrated by Northern hybridization. Treatment of the two IL-6-producing melanoma cell lines with interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or phorbol myristate acetate caused a marked increase in IL-6 production. These induction signals failed to stimulate IL-6 production in the nonproducing cells, even those that expressed IL-6 mRNA. IL-6 did not appear to act as an autocrine growth factor since the addition of exogenous human recombinant IL-6 or polyclonal anti-IL-6 antibody did not alter cellular proliferation. The production of this multifunctional cytokine by tumors may play a role in tumor-host interactions and this should be recognized in the design of biologic therapy trials.
"Avalanche!" 26 August 2009 (2009)

Shows someone being buried under an avalanche of 'no' votes on 'Mt Referendum'. The person shouts 'avalanche!'. Refers to Sue Bradford's 'anti-smacking' legislation which has resulted in a huge row about the 'anti-smacking bill'. A referendum has been prepared by Family First who want to overturn Sue Bradford's so-called 'anti-smacking bill' that they say makes smacking a child a criminal offense. Green MP Sue Bradford's bill has merely repealed Section 59 of the Crimes Act, the provision that condones the use of physical force by parents against children. The bill was intended to end the situation where there was a legal defense to striking a child. There is also a reference to the number of lethal avalanches there have been during the skiing season. 
Quantity: 1 digital cartoon(s).
Subtraction Gated Computed Tomography with the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (1984)

Three-dimensional (3-D) dynamic computed tomography of the heart with the dynamic spatial reconstructor (DSR) is being used for studies of cardiovascular function. Formerly, continuous infusion of bilateral bolus injections of contrast medium were required to visualize both sides of the heart simultaneously. The DSR was used to circumvent many of the drawbacks of these methods. In anesthetized dogs a bolus of 1 ml/kg body weight contrast medium was injected into the superior vena cava and 60/s scans were performed during the dextro- and levophases of the resulting angiogram. The recorded scan data were used to generate successive volume (3-D) images with a scan aperture time of 0.06 s each. Each scanned cardiac cycle was thus represented by sequential volume images with either the right or left chambers opacified. Matching equal time intervals from the R wave of the electrocardiogram, the volume images of the left heart phase were digitally subtracted (voxel for voxel) from the images of the right heart phase, with all resulting negative voxel values set to zero. Only the contrast enhanced right ventricle (RV) chamber remained in the subtraction images, whose brightness was then scaled to match the brightness of the opacified left ventricle (LV). The modified RV phase images were then added to the LV phase images. The resulting volume images contain equally enhanced LV and RV chambers and can be used for retrospective analysis, including display of static and dynamic oblique planar images. Verification of the accuracy of this technique was made by estimation of LV muscle mass in five dogs. Dynamic spatial reconstructor estimates from subtracted gated images were compared with postmortem measurements. The correlation was 0.999 with a mean discrepancy of 2.3 +/- 0.4% SEM.
Block polymers of ethylene oxide and its analogues with styrene (1959)

D. H. Richards and M. Szwarc, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1959, 55, 1644 DOI: 10.1039/TF9595501644
Convenient method of esterification of polyphosphonic acids (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvenient method of esterification of polyphosphonic acidsD. Allan Nicholson, W. A. Cilley, and Oscar T. QuimbyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 9, 3149–3150Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00834a066https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00834a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views523Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Piezoelectric acoustic boundary waves in the structure of multilayer thin films/electrode/piezoelectric substrates (2008)

The propagation characteristics and temperature coefficients of frequency characteristics of boundary waves, which concentrate the acoustic energy in the interface between the thin film-metal electrode and piezoelectric substrate using the structure of multithin film layers/metal electrode/piezoelectric substrates, are described. The new boundary waves are obtained by using higher velocity thin film as the top surface than internal ones of metal electrode and thin film. The materials with structures of AlN, Al2O3/SiO2/Al, Cu, Ag, Au/rotated Y-X LiNO3, and LiTaO3 are applied. The range of existence of boundary wave for thicknesses of thin films, electrodes on Y-X LiNbO3, LiTaO3, and temperature coefficient of frequency are shown. Experimental results of surface acoustic wave resonators show a good frequency response of admittance at 500 MHz range.
PIV Measurements of Flow in a Centrifugal Blood Pump: Steady Flow (2004)

Magnetically suspended left ventricular assist devices have only one moving part, the impeller. The impeller has absolutely no contact with any of the fixed parts, thus greatly reducing the regions of stagnant or high shear stress that surround a mechanical or fluid bearing. Measurements of the mean flow patterns as well as viscous and turbulent stresses were made in a shaft-driven prototype of a magnetically suspended centrifugal blood pump at several constant flow rates (3-9 L/min) using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The chosen range of flow rates is representative of the range over which the pump may operate while implanted. Measurements on a three-dimensional measurement grid within several regions of the pump, including the inlet, blade passage, exit volute, and diffuser are reported. The measurements are used to identify regions of potential blood damage due to high shear stress and/or stagnation of the blood, both of which have been associated with blood damage within artificial heart valves and diaphragm-type pumps. Levels of turbulence intensity and Reynolds stresses that are comparable to those in artificial heart valves are reported. At the design flow rate (6 L/min), the flow is generally well behaved (no recirculation or stagnant flow) and stress levels are below levels that would be expected to contribute to hemolysis or thrombosis. The flow at both high (9 L/min) and low (3 L/min) flow rates introduces anomalies into the flow, such as recirculation, stagnation, and high stress regions. Levels of viscous and Reynolds shear stresses everywhere within the pump are below reported threshold values for damage to red cells over the entire range of flow rates investigated; however, at both high and low flow rate conditions, the flow field may promote activation of the clotting cascade due to regions of elevated shear stress adjacent to separated or stagnant flow.