gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CasRx-mediated RNA targeting prevents choroidal neovascularization in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration (2020)

RNA-targeting CRISPR system Cas13 offers an efficient approach for manipulating RNA transcripts in vitro. In this perspective, we provide a proof-of-concept demonstration that Cas13-mediated Vegfa knockdown in vivo could prevent the development of laser-induced CNV in mouse model of Age-related macular degeneration.
Solid phase epitaxial growth of GaAs on Si (111) (1990)

A continuous GaAs film was successfully grown on Si(111) at the initial stage (20 Å growth thickness) by solid phase epitaxial growth. This growth suppressed the island formation observed with direct growth of GaAs on Si. The GaAs(111)A was obtained for the first time on Si(111) with an As prelayer deposited at 20 °C and 350 °C. The GaAs(111)B was also grown on Si(111) with an As prelayer deposited at 580 °C and 700 °C. The polarity of the (111) GaAs epitaxial film depends on the substrate temperature at which the As prelayer is deposited on Si.
Effect of Replica Placement on the Reliability of Large-Scale Data Storage Systems (2010)

Replication is a widely used method to protect large-scale data storage systems from data loss when storage nodes fail. It is well known that the placement of replicas of the different data blocks across the nodes affects the time to rebuild. Several systems described in the literature are designed based on the premise that minimizing the rebuild times maximizes the system reliability. Our results however indicate that the reliability is essentially unaffected by the replica placement scheme. We show that, for a replication factor of two, all possible placement schemes have mean times to data loss (MTTDLs) within a factor of two for practical values of the failure rate, storage capacity, and rebuild bandwidth of a storage node. The theoretical results are confirmed by means of event-driven simulation. For higher replication factors, an analytical derivation of MTTDL becomes intractable for a general placement scheme. We therefore use one of the alternate measures of reliability that have been proposed in the literature, namely, the probability of data loss during rebuild in the critical mode of the system. Whereas for a replication factor of two this measure can be directly translated into MTTDL, it is only speculative of the MTTDL behavior for higher replication factors. This measure of reliability is shown to lie within a factor of two for all possible placement schemes and any replication factor. We also show that for any replication factor, the clustered placement scheme has the lowest probability of data loss during rebuild in critical mode among all possible placement schemes, whereas the declustered placement scheme has the highest probability. Simulation results reveal however that these properties do not hold for the corresponding MTTDLs for a replication factor greater than two. This indicates that some alternate measures of reliability may not be appropriate for comparing the MTTDL of different placement schemes.
Polycrystalline silicon thin film transistors deposited at low substrate temperature by remote plasma chemical vapor deposition using SiF4/H2 (1994)

Polycrystalline silicon was deposited on Corning 7059 glass by remote plasma chemical vapor deposition using SiF2/H2. Raman spectroscopy indicated a crystalline fraction of 85% in films deposited at a substrate temperature of 350 °C. Thin film transistors made of this material exhibited a field effect mobility of 7.5 cm2/V s and a threshold voltage of 6.1 V.
Robust Scale-Invariant Feature Matching for Remote Sensing Image Registration (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> When the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) is adopted in the registration of remote sensing images, a lot of incorrect matches of keypoints will appear owing to the significant difference in the image intensity between remote sensing images compared to visible images. Scale–orientation joint restriction criteria are proposed to achieve robust feature matching for keypoints in remote sensing images. Moreover, the feature descriptor of each keypoint is also refined to overcome the difference in the gradient intensity and orientation between remote image pairs. Experimental results for multidate, multispectral, and multisensor remote images indicate that the proposed method improves the match performance compared to intensity- and SIFT-based methods in terms of correct-match rate and aligning accuracy. </para>
Quantitation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Women with Gonorrhea (1976)

The number of infecting organisms has been shown to be an important variable in animal models of infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This variable may also be important in the natural transmission of gonorrhea in humans. The number of gonococci in the cervicovaginal area of women with gonorrhea is unknown, as are the effects of certain physiologic or therapeutic variables on the number of gonococci. In this study a semiquantitative technique for the enumeration of N. gonorrhoeae was used; 10 ml of phosphate-buffered saline was directed against the cervix and vaginal wall, and the number of colony-forming units (cfu) of N. gonorrhoeae in the aspirate was determined. The number of N. gonorrhoeae recovered ranged from 4.0 X 10(2) to 1.8 X 10(7) cfu. The geometric mean number was 1.45 X 10(5) cfu, with a standard deviation of 1.04 X 10(1) cfu. Statistical analyses showed that the number of gonococci was not influenced by the use of oral contraceptives, concurrent infection with Trichomonas vaginalis and/or Corynebacterium (Haemophilus)vaginalis, time of douche prior to examination, or phase of the menstrual cycle at which the women were examined. The results indicated a wide range in the number of N. gonorrhoeae recoverable by vaginal irrigation but failed to define the reason for this variability.
Numerical investigation of 3-D radar cross section of dielectric barrier discharge plasma (2015)

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) actuator which is efficient as a flow controller unexpectedly changes the radar cross section (RCS) of a target. Because plasma generated by DBD can attenuates electromagnetic wave, numerical investigation of 3-D RCS is required to analyze the effect of the plasma actuator on flying vehicles. Simplified plasma modeling is utilized to describe inhomogeneous distribution of DBD plasma. The calculated RCS diagram shows good agreement with experiments. The effect of DBD in monostatic RCS is totally different as the observation plane is changed. It shows notable distortion in the plane which is perpendicular to electrode array while overall pattern is still obviously maintained in parallel plane. It is due to the asymmetry from the electrode arrangement of the actuators and inhomogeneous plasma distribution. 3-D analysis is essential to comprehend the effect of DBD plasma in RCS in order to analyze the dissimilar change in various observation planes.
Thermodynamics of heme‐induced conformational changes in hemopexin: Role of domain‐domain interactions (1995)

Hemopexin is a serum glycoprotein that binds heme with high affinity and delivers heme to the liver cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. A hinge region connects the two non-disulfide-linked domains of hemopexin, a 35-kDa N-terminal domain (domain I) that binds heme, and a 25-kDa C-terminal domain (domain II). Although domain II does not bind heme, it assumes one structural state in apo-hemopexin and another in heme-hemopexin, and this change is important in facilitating the association of heme-hemopexin with its receptor. In order to elucidate the structure and function of hemopexin, it is important to understand how structural information is transmitted to domain II when domain I binds heme. Here we report a study of the protein-protein interactions between domain I and domain II using analytical ultracentrifugation and isothermal titration calorimetry. Sedimentation equilibrium analysis showed that domain I associates with domain II both in the presence and absence of heme with Kd values of 0.8 microM and 55 microM, respectively. The interaction between heme-domain I and domain II has a calorimetric enthalpy of +11 kcal/mol, a heat capacity (delta Cp) of -720 cal/mol.K, and a calculated entropy of +65 cal/mol.K. By varying the temperature of the centrifugation equilibrium runs, a van't Hoff plot with an apparent change in enthalpy (delta H) of -3.6 kcal/mol and change in entropy (delta S) of +8.1 cal/mol.K for the association of apo-domain I with domain II was obtained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Monospecific Antibody to the Haemagglutinin of Measles Virus (1980)

A hybrid between a murine myeloma cell line and spleen cells from a mouse immunized with measles has been produced. Two stable clones produce antibody with identical immunochemical and biological properties. This antibody reacts with the 76,000 mol. wt. protein present in the lysates and on the surface of cells persistently infected with measles. It exhibits HAI and neutralizing activity.
An Epidemic of Enterovirus 71 Infection in Taiwan (1999)

Although several enteroviruses were circulating in Taiwan during the 1998 epidemic, enterovirus 71 infection was associated with most of the serious clinical manifestations and with nearly all the deaths. Most of those who died were young, and the majority died of pulmonary edema and pulmonary hemorrhage.
Thermal Balance and Survival Time Prediction of Man in Cold Water (1975)

Metabolic rates and rectal temperatures were continuously monitored for humans immersed in cold ocean water (4.6--18.2 degrees C) under stimulated accident conditions. The subjects wore only light clothing and a kapok lifejacket while either holding-still or swimming. While holding-still, metabolic heat production (Hm,kcal-min--1) was inversely related to water temperature (Tw, degrees C) according to the equation Hm equals 4.19 minus-0.117 Tw. This temperature response pattern is shown to be similar to that for exposure to air of the same temperature when air velocity is just over 5 m.p.h. (2.24 m/s). The thermogenic response was one-third efficient in balancing the calculated heat loss in cold water, resulting in hypothermia at a rectal temperature cooling rate (C, degrees C-min--1) dependent on water temperature (Tw, degrees C) according to the relation C equal 0.0785 - 0.0034Tw. Although swimming increased heat production to 2.5 times that of holding-still at 10.5 degrees C water temperature, cooling rate was 35% greater while swimming. A prediction equation for survival time (ts, min) of persons accidentally immersed in cold water (Tw, degrees C) has the form ts equal 15 + 7.2/(0.0785-0.0034Tw), based on the findings of this study, and it is compared to pre-existing models.
Experimental Research on Temperature Rise of Bit in Drilling Normal and Low Temperature Lunar Soil Simulant (2013)

The relation between temperature rise of bit and drilling parameters in drilling lunar soil simulant is studied in this paper through experimentation. Since it is difficult to measure the temperature of bit in the drilling process, fiber Bragg grating temperature measuring system is developed. Then, drilling experiments were carried out in normal and-30°C low temperature lunar soil simulant. This research showed a clear correlation between temperature rise of bit, rotational speed and torque in drilling process under specific lunar soil conditions. And the relations in drilling the two lunar soil simulants have similar patterns.
An inverse opal Cu<sub>2</sub>Nb<sub>34</sub>O<sub>87</sub> anode for high-performance Li<sup>+</sup> storage (2020)

Cu<sub>2</sub>Nb<sub>34</sub>O<sub>87</sub> with an inverse opal morphology is fabricated, showing highly-ordered macropores with sizes of ∼170 nm and walls with thicknesses of 20-30 nm. This first-reported Cu<sub>2</sub>Nb<sub>34</sub>O<sub>87</sub> nanomaterial exhibits good Li<sup>+</sup>-storage properties, including a large capacity, safe operating potential, large initial coulombic efficiency, high rate performance and good cycling stability.
Matching of 3D medical images with a potential based method (1992)

Three dimensional (3D) images take an increasing importance in the medical imaging field. They may be produced by X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging #MRI# or Positon Emitting Tomography #PET# for example. They usually contain complementary informations which have to be combined together in order to be useful to physicians. Combining the information of several 3D images sets the problem of the registration of these images. It arises when two images of the same modality are taken with different positions or taken at different times #before and after a surgery for example# or with two images of different modalities. We present a new method for computing the rigid transformation between two 3D objects. Our method looks like a gradient method that minimizes the distance between both objects, but is more powerful because it is in fact an application of the fundamental laws of dynamics which uses both #rst and second temporal derivatives of positions and allows an intuitive control of the minimization process. We show and discuss synthetic examples as well as real examples involving the registration of CT or MRI data of the head and the registration of PET and MRI images of the brain.
Semiquinone Radicals of the Thiazines (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSemiquinone Radicals of the ThiazinesL. Michaelis, M. P. Schubert, and S. GranickCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 1, 204–211Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01858a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01858a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views585Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct Observation of the Structural Component of the Metal−Insulator Phase Transition and Growth Habits of Epitaxially Grown VO<sub>2</sub> Nanowires (2007)

We have grown epitaxially orientation-controlled monoclinic VO2 nanowires without employing catalysts by a vapor-phase transport process. Electron microscopy results reveal that single crystalline VO2 nanowires having a [100] growth direction grow laterally on the basal c plane and out of the basal r and a planes of sapphire, exhibiting triangular and rectangular cross sections, respectively. In addition, we have directly observed the structural phase transition of single crystalline VO2 nanowires between the monoclinic and tetragonal phases which exhibit insulating and metallic properties, respectively, and clearly analyzed their corresponding relationships using in situ transmission electron microscopy.
A New Procedure for Concept Evaluation (1973)

The author suggests a concept testing procedure which relies on concept evaluation and positioning by market segments. The integration of multidimensional scaling, conjoint measurement procedures, and related multivariate statistical techniques is explained and illustrated.
Integrated Access Permission: Secure and Simple Policy Description by Integration of File Access Vector Permission (2008)

In pervasive computing, embedded systems have a possibility to be attacked by crackers, including 0-day attack, as well as enterprise systems. In particular, in a case where a cracker gets a root privilege, damages are significant. To resolve this problem, Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) is useful. However, SELinux has a problem that is significant complexity for configuration because of too fine-grained access control. As a method for resolving this problem, SELinux Policy Editor (SEEdit) has been developed; this is a tool that simplifies the SELinux configuration. SEEdit uses the Simplified Policy Description Language (SPDL) as a policy description language. In the SPDL, we define new access permissions that integrate Access Vector Permissions (AVPs) employed in SELinux to provide access permissions in a security policy. Thus, we propose a set of access permissions named Integrated Access Permissions (IAPs), which enables the achievement of a good balance between reducing the workload of the configurations and guaranteeing security in SELinux. In addition, we evaluate our IAPs and show them almost secure.
Spraying, Dusting and Fumigating of Plants. Principles and Applications. (1951)

Spraying, dusting and fumigating of plants: principles and applications , Spraying, dusting and fumigating of plants: principles and applications , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Preparation of GaAs[sub x]P[sub 1−x] by Vapor Phase Reaction (1964)

A method for producing epitaxial utilizing an open tube flowing atmosphere system is presented. The various alloy compositions are synthesized and deposited by using , , H2, and Ga as the initial reactants. The complete range of compositions has been prepared by varying the mole ratio and introduced into the reactor gas stream. Experimental conditions required for achieving good epitaxial growth of these materials on 〈111〉 oriented substrates are discussed.
The practicality of processing undersampled waveforms (1981)

The effects of processing digital signals that were obtained by saxpling continuous-time waveforms at less than the Nyquist rate are reviewed. The reasoning for considering the process is discussed and several applications are presented.
Lattice Absorption Bands in Silicon (1959)

A series of detailed measurements have been made of the absorption spectrum of pure vacuum grown crystals of silicon in the wavelength range 2 μ to 30 μ, and over the temperature range 20°k to 365°k.
Modelling interdependent infrastructures using interacting dynamical models (2007)

We investigate the consequence of failures, occurring on the electrical grid, on a telecommunication network. We have focused on the Italian electrical transmission network and the backbone of the internet network for research (GARR). Electrical network has been simulated using the DC power flow method; data traffic on GARR by a model of the TCP/IP basic features. The status of GARR nodes has been related to the power level of the (geographically) neighbouring electrical nodes (if the power level of a node is lower than a threshold, all communication nodes depending on it are switched off). The electrical network has been perturbed by lines removal: the consequent re-dispatching reduces the power level in all nodes. This reduces the number of active GARR nodes and, thus, its Quality of Service (QoS). Averaging over many configurations of perturbed electrical network, we have correlated the degradation of the electrical network with that of the communication network. Results point to a sizeable amplification of the effects of faults on the electrical network on the communication network, also in the case of a moderate coupling between the two networks.
Synthesis Routes Towards the Farnesyl Protein Transferase Inhibitor ZARNESTRA<sup>TM</sup> (2004)

Abstract The discovery that post‐translational farnesylation of Ras oncoprotein was an essential step in exercising its biological effect led to the design of farnesyl protein transferase inhibitors (FTIs) in order to control growth of tumors bearing Ras mutations. Pre‐clinical studies on murine models have confirmed their inhibitory effect on tumor growth and enabled clinical development. R115777 (ZARNESTRA TM ) is currently undergoing clinical evaluation and recent studies have confirmed its antitumor potential and low toxicity. We wish to describe here the chemical synthesis routes that our group have developed to access ZARNESTRA TM . (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
A Comparative Study on the Alterations of Endocytic Pathways in Multiple Lysosomal Storage Disorders (2015)

Many cellular activities and pharmaceutical interventions involve endocytosis and delivery to lysosomes for processing. Hence, lysosomal processing defects can cause cell and tissue damage, as in lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) characterized by lysosomal accumulation of undegraded materials. This storage causes endocytic and trafficking alterations, which exacerbate disease and hinder treatment. However, there have been no systematic studies comparing different endocytic routes in LSDs. Here, we used genetic and pharmacological models of four LSDs (type A Niemann-Pick, type C Niemann-Pick, Fabry, and Gaucher diseases) and evaluated the pinocytic and receptor-mediated activity of the clathrin-, caveolae-, and macropinocytic routes. Bulk pinocytosis was diminished in all diseases, suggesting a generic endocytic alteration linked to lysosomal storage. Fluid-phase (dextran) and ligand (transferrin) uptake via the clathrin route were lower for all LSDs. Fluid-phase and ligand (cholera toxin B) uptake via the caveolar route were both affected but less acutely in Fabry or Gaucher diseases. Epidermal growth factor-induced macropinocytosis was altered in Niemann-Pick cells but not other LSDs. Intracellular trafficking of ligands was also distorted in LSD versus wild-type cells. The extent of these endocytic alterations paralleled the level of cholesterol storage in disease cell lines. Confirming this, pharmacological induction of cholesterol storage in wild-type cells disrupted endocytosis, and model therapeutics restored uptake in proportion to their efficacy in attenuating storage. This suggests a proportional and reversible relationship between endocytosis and lipid (cholesterol) storage. By analogy, the accumulation of biological material in other diseases, or foreign material from drugs or their carriers, may cause similar deficits, warranting further investigation.
Fucoidan: Structure and Bioactivity (2008)

Fucoidan refers to a type of polysaccharide which contains substantial percentages of L-fucose and sulfate ester groups, mainly derived from brown seaweed. For the past decade fucoidan has been extensively studied due to its numerous interesting biological activities. Recently the search for new drugs has raised interest in fucoidans. In the past few years, several fucoidans' structures have been solved, and many aspects of their biological activity have been elucidated. This review summarizes the research progress on the structure and bioactivity of fucoidan and the relationships between structure and bioactivity.