gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gallium 67 imaging in monitoring lymphoma response to treatment (1988)

The value of gallium 67 (Ga) imaging in monitoring lymphoma response to treatment was assessed in 25 patients with Ga-avid tumors and compared to body computed tomography (CT), chest radiographs, and palpation of tumor infiltrated peripheral lymph nodes. Ga imaging was negative in 95% (20/21) of the patients who were clinically considered to be in remission and in whom treatment was stopped. The disease did not recur during a follow-up of 12 to 26 months in 15 patients. Six patients developed recurrence of the disease 3 to 12 months after treatment was stopped. In all six patients Ga imaging became positive again at the time of the appearance of active disease. In the group of patients in remission, CT was negative in 57% (11/19), chest x-rays in 55% (6/11) and peripheral lymph nodes were palpated in none of the patients (13/13). In four patients that did not achieve remission after treatment, Ga scans were positive. Ga imaging appears useful in monitoring lymphoma response to treatment. This is probably because Ga imaging monitors tumor cell viability, whereas body CT and chest radiographs show the tumor mass, which may consist of fibrotic or necrotic tissue.
Mediation of 5‐hydroxytryptamine‐induced tachycardia in the pig by the putative 5‐HT<sub>4</sub> receptor (1990)

Intravenous bolus injections of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 3, 10 and 30 micrograms kg-1), 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MeO-T; 3, 10 and 30 micrograms kg-1), renzapride (BRL 24924; 3, 10, 30 and 100 micrograms kg-1) and isoprenaline (0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 micrograms kg-1) to anaesthetized pigs increased heart rate by, respectively, 22 +/- 3, 44 +/- 3 and 65 +/- 4 beats min-1 (5-HT; n = 17); 12 +/- 1, 26 +/- 2 and 44 +/- 4 beats min-1 (5-MeO-T; n = 15), 5 +/- 2, 11 +/- 2, 18 +/- 4 and 37 +/- 5 beats min-1 (renzapride; n = 8) and 17 +/- 2, 46 +/- 3 and 75 +/- 3 beats min-1 (isoprenaline; n = 13). The responses to 5-HT, 5-MeO-T and renzapride were antagonized by ICS 205-930 (1 and 3 mg kg-1, i.v.), which did not modify the increases in heart rate by isoprenaline. Renzapride showed tachyphylaxis and attenuated the responses to 5-HT. These findings indicate that 5-HT elicits tachycardia in the pig by acting on a novel receptor, either similar or identical to the 5-HT4 receptor identified in mouse brain colliculi.
Comparison of Fixed and Variable Threshold RAIM Algorithms (1990)

GPS integrity monitoring is key to obtaining FAA approval for civil
aviation use in the National Air Space (NAS). Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) is the simplest and mOSt cost effective technique for integrity monitoring. GPS navigation requires a minimum of four satellites. RAIM requires a minimum of five satellites. The redundant information is used for fault detection and isolation, For purposes of integrity monitoring a fault is defined as a pseudorange residual that results in a position error exceeding the specified acceptable limit.
This paper provides a comparison of fixed and variable threshold algorithms. Fixed threshold algorithms provide constant false alarm rate (CFAR). The CFAR algorithm probability of detection varys as a function of the satellite geometry. A separate geometry check is required to determine when the algorithm is unreliable (probability of detection below a threshold value). Variable threshold algorithms provide constant probability of detection (CPOD). The CPOD algorithm probability of false alarm varies as a function of the satellite geometry. Thus as the satellite geometry degrades, the receiver noise naturally triggers an alarm. A separate geometry check is not required.
An image analysis system for measuring shape and motion of white blood cells from a sequence of fluorescence microscopy images (1994)

clude t he e xamination o f t he g r ay l evel h istograms a nd t he t opographical s t ructures of the i mage i ntensity s u rfaces.Chapter 4 presents t he t est results o f s everal n oise r eduction methods u sed a s a p reprocess t o t he s egmentation.The e ects o f t he n oise r eduction to d i erent segmentation a l gorithms a re d iscussed.Chapter 5 provides a r eview o f e dge-based s egmentation methods a nd t he e xperimental results o f s ome o f t he methods f or t he uorescence c ell i mages.Chapter 6 describes t hree t ypes o f g r ay l evel t hresholding t echniques: g l obal, local and d ynamic t hresholding.A new d ynamic t hresholding m ethod is p r esented.Chapter 7 presents a t wo-pass s patial-temporal i mage s e gmentation s ystem f or the uorescence c ell i mage sequences.T echniques d iscussed i n C hapter 5 a nd 6 a r e used i n t he rst p a ss.C ell o b j ect t racking, r egion c losing a nd b o undary s moothing are d one i n t he second p ass. C hapter 4 , 5 , 6 a n d 7 l ead to a c omplete s e gmentation system, w hich i s e valuated i n C h apter 1 1.Chapter 8 contains a l ist o f s hape features.C ell m otion description b ased o n the features i s d iscussed.Chapter 9 discusses a n d t ests s everal a rea a nd p e rimeter e stimators a pplied t o circles.T he r esults s hould b e u seful f or b lob-like o b j ects w h ose b o u ndaries c an b e considered a s c hains o f c ircular a rcs.Chapter 10 discusses t he p r oblem o f f ast a nd a ccurate c omputation o f g e ometric m oments, from which m any s hape features c an b e c omputed.A n ew m oment computation method based o n a d iscrete v ersion of G reen's t heorem i s p r esented.The p recision o f t he c omputation is e valuated u sing H u's m oment i nvariants a nd several moment-based s hape features.Chapter 11 reviews m ethods o f q uantitative e valuation o f i mage segmentation, and p rovides t he e valuation r esults o f t he s e gmentation o f t he uorescence c ell i mages based o n a s upervised e valuation method.S ome o f t he s h ape features a r e a pplied to t he s e gmented c ell o bjects, a nd the results a re d iscussed.T he t ime s equence o f these f eatures, i .e., t he b asis o f t he m otion analysis m ethods g iven i n C hapter 8 , i s also examined.Chapter 12 contains a s ummary a n d d iscusses t he r elation between t his w ork and t he m ost closely r elated w orks b y o ther a uthors.Appendix A brie y d escribes a n i mage processing s oftware p ackage, X ITE, which w as u sed i n t his w ork.
Synthesis of certain polyalkyl quinolines and 1,10-phenanthrolines (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of certain polyalkyl quinolines and 1,10-phenanthrolinesK. C. John and Francis H. CaseCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1968, 13, 4, 568–570Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/je60039a040Request reuse permissionsArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (305 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extensive heterogeneity of the protein composition of Chlamydia trachomatis following serial passage in two different cell lines (1990)

To determine if the host-modulated adherence characteristics of the intracellular bacterial pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis were due to the acquisition of altered surface-exposed proteins, highly purified chlamydiae grown in two different host cells were analysed. Two serovars, L1 and E, were grown for multiple passages in both HeLa and McCoy host cells. Numerous protein differences in the chlamydial elementary bodies (EB) of each serovar grown in the two different hosts were detected by two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and fluorography of radioactively labelled proteins. At least four to six serial passages in the alternative host were necessary before the changes were apparent. Iodination of suspensions of purified chlamydiae and 2-D electrophoresis revealed several surface proteins that were determined by the host cells in which the bacteria had replicated. These iodinated chlamydial proteins were removed by treatment of the iodinated EB with trypsin, indicating their location at the bacterial surface. Two of the major constituents of the outer-membrane complex, the cysteine- and methionine-rich 60 kDa and 40 kDa proteins, remained unchanged in both molecular mass and charge during the host adaptation. Several chlamydial proteins capable of binding iodinated host membrane preparations also exhibited host-dependent alterations. Immunoblotting experiments with a rabbit and a human polyclonal sera indicated that distinct host-specified chlamydial proteins were reactive with the two sera.
Indo- Bhutan Trade: SAFTA and Beyond (2014)

India is a very big country and Bhutan is very small one. Both countries have good political and economic relations from deep past. Bhutan, being a land locked country, is very much dependent on India. About 80 per cent of its trade is with India and all of its five year plans are heavily financed by latter. On the other part, India's dependency on Bhutan is quite less. Bhutan's share in India's total trade is 0.05 per cent. Despite of this fact, Bhutan is strategically important for India. It is well known fact that India's entire border with China is vulnerable. Hence Bhutan's strategic location is a safeguard for India against any aggression or encroachment by China. Having good relations with Bhutan through trade, aid or other ways will be strategically important for India. India and Bhutan are founder members of SAARC, established in 1985. Since establishment of SAARC, trade has got big boost in this region. Signing of free trade agreement in 2006 creates new opportunities of trade, investment and joint ventures among member nations. It is very important to analyze the impact of SAFTA on trade among SAARC nations. In this paper our focus is to analyze the impact of SAFTA on bilateral trade between India and Bhutan, in terms of volume, trade intensity, composition and direction of trade. The comparative analysis of trade between two countries is made during pre-SAFTA (1995–05) and post-SAFTA (2006–12) periods.
Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solution Using Neem (AzadirachtaIndica) Husk as Activated Carbon (2010)

The adsorption of xylenol orange, remazole turquoise blue and procion red by neem (Azadirachta indica) husk carbon activated with ZnCl2, H3PO4 and KOH was examined at different concentrations and at the optimized particle size, shaking time and adsorbent dosage. The adsorption obeyed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms but fit Langmuir isotherm than Freundlich isotherm. Adsorption studies were carried out using carbonized neem carbon, activated neem carbon and commercial adsorbent from coconut shell on xylenol orange, remazole turquoise blue and procion red. The study shows a high adsorption for remazol turquoise blue.
Linear Mixing Models for Active Listening of Music Productions in Realistic Studio Conditions (2012)

International audience
Azim: Direction-Based Service System for Both Indoors and Outdoors (2005)

SUMMARY In this paper, we propose an advanced location-based service that we call a direction-based service, which utilizes both the position and direction of a user. The direction-based service enables a user to point to an object of interest for command or investigation. We also describe the design, implementation and evaluations of a direction-based service system named Azim. With this system, the direction of the user can be obtained by a magnetic-based direction sensor. The sensor is also used for azimuthbased position estimation, in which a user’s position is estimated by having the user point to and measure azimuths of several markers or objects whose positions are already known. Because this approach does not require any other accurate position sensors or positive beacons, it can be deployed costeffectively. Also, because the measurements are naturally associated with some degree of error, the position is calculated as a probability distribution. The calculation considers the error of direction measurement and the pre-obtained field information such as obstacles and magnetic field disturbance, which enables robust position measurements even in geomagnetically disturbed environments. For wide-area use, the system also utilizes a wireless LAN to obtain rough position information by identifying base stations. We have implemented a prototype system for the proposed method and some applications for the direction-based services. Furthermore, we have conducted experiments both indoors and outdoors, and exemplified that positioning accuracy by the proposed method is precise enough for a direction-based service.
[Clinical application of incomplete tympanectomy for secretory otitis media in nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy]. (2005)

Incomplete tympanectomy may have a long and definite effect on secretory otitis media without any injury on audition after healing of tympan.
Gene Transmission Among Strains of <i>Erwinia amylovora</i> (1973)

Stable donor strains of Erwinia amylovora were obtained from strain EA178R(1) (harboring an Escherichia coli F'lac) by selection for clones resistant to curing by acridine orange. These donor strains (EA178R(1)-99 and EA178R(1)-111) transfer chromosomal markers (arg, cys, gua, ilv, met, pro, ser, trp); the frequency of the appearance of recombinants prototrophic for Cys, Gua, Met, Ser, and Trp is highest (> 10(-5)), followed by recombinants prototrophic for Arg, Ilv, and Pro (10(-7) to 10(-5)). The results of interrupted matings, as well as the frequency of transmission of various markers, suggest that cys is transferred as an early marker by both donor strains. The Hfr state of these donor strains is rather likely on the basis of the following observations. The donor strains exhibit a relatively efficient and possibly oriented chromosome transfer; the Lac(+) character is not cured by acridine orange in these donor strains; and these donor strains do not transfer F.
CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE, U.S.S.R. (1968)

Journal Article CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE, U.S.S.R. Get access J. S. G. SIMMONS, J. S. G. SIMMONS Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JOHN WALL JOHN WALL Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Library, Volume s5-XXIII, Issue 4, December 1968, Pages 374–375, https://doi.org/10.1093/library/s5-XXIII.4.374 Published: 01 December 1968
Surface enhanced bacterial fluorescence and enumeration of bacterial adhesion (2012)

The use of flow displacement systems for studying initial bacterial adhesion to surfaces is mostly confined to transparent substrata. The objective of this study was to investigate a method based on macroscopic fluorescence imaging to enumerate adhering fluorescent bacteria on non-transparent substrata, real-time and under flow. To this end, a stepwise protocol is described to quantify adhesion of green-fluorescent-protein producing Staphylococcus aureus on polished and non-polished metal and polymer surfaces accounting for surface-enhanced-fluorescence on metal surfaces, quantified by the ratio of the single cell fluorescence observed for adhering and planktonic bacteria. Enumeration of adhering fluorescent staphylococci by the proposed method is consistent with results obtained using metallurgical microscopy. An advantage however, is that the non-homogeneous surface coverage and surface roughness do not limit the applicability of the method. Moreover, the accurate quantification of surface-enhanced-fluorescence arising from adhering bacteria offers a new pathway for evaluating bacterial cell surface deformation during adhesion.
<scp>A</scp> ugustine of <scp>C</scp> anterbury (2017)

Sent by Pope Gregory I to establish a Roman mission among the peoples of Britain, Augustine would serve as the first archbishop of Canterbury for seven years, converting thousands to the Christian religion in the Anglo‐Saxon kingdoms. His work was marked by many miracles and immense growth in numbers and status for the Roman Church. The Celtic bishops, however, remained unconvinced by his authority, and it would be a generation before Canterbury would exert greater influence over a church that included Britons and Saxons alike.
THE DISSOCIATION OF HYDROGEN INTO ATOMS. Part I. Experimental. (1914)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE DISSOCIATION OF HYDROGEN INTO ATOMS. Part I. Experimental.Irving. Langmuir and G. M. J. MackayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1914, 36, 8, 1708–1722Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1914Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1914https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02185a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02185a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views733Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiscale Investigation of Oxidative Aging in Biomodified Asphalt Binder (2016)

Oxidative aging causes major changes in asphalt binder’s physiochemical and rheological properties, giving rise to pavement distress and failure. Asphalt aging occurs due to two main processes: a loss of volatile components and a reduction of the malthene phase and oxidation of certain functional groups in asphalt, increasing the concentration of asphalt’s polar components. Performing SARA (saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene) analysis and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy on the crude oil shows that the ratio of polar components to nonpolar ones is higher in oxidized asphalt compared to virgin asphalt. However, when a biomodifier is introduced to virgin asphalt, the rate of carbonyl (as a polar functional) formation is reduced, which may indicate a delayed oxidation due to the presence of biomodifier molecules in the asphalt. To understand the fundamental origin of oxidative aging at the molecular level, this paper provides a comprehensive computational chemistry analysis conducted in conjunction with laboratory experiments. On the basis of the results of our analysis, the enhanced performance of biomodified asphalt binder stems from dual-protection mechanisms of biobinder components that defer asphalt aging: the less reactive molecular species found in biobinder that show little propensity toward oxidation and consequently are less affected by the new polar functionalities and the highly reactive components (such as α-tocopherol) that are the primary targets for oxidative attacks, acting as sacrificing elements to save key components of asphalt materials (such as asphaltenes) from oxidative agents. Polarizability calculations show that biobinder constituents are considerably less polarizable than asphalt molecules. Lower polarizability of biobinder indicates the lower tendency of these chemical species toward new polar functionalities arising from the presence of oxidative agents. In contrast, the high polarizability obtained for asphaltene molecules suggests that they are easily affected by the oxidative agents. Therefore, the presence of α-tocopherol in biobinder acting as a sacrificing element could delay asphaltene oxidation as evidenced by the lower carbonyl formation in asphalt samples containing biobinder.
Protein fluorescence of lactate dehydrogenase (1972)

1. There is a non-linear decrease in the protein fluorescence (F) of lactate dehydrogenase with the increase in the fraction (alpha) of the coenzyme-binding sites occupied with NADH. 2. By a curve-fitting procedure it is shown that the fluorescence intensity can be represented by the equation F=[1-alpha(1-x)](n) where n is the number of identical and indistinguishable coenzyme-binding sites per protein molecule and x=F(s) (1/n) (F(s) is the protein fluorescence at alpha=1). This equation implies that the relative protein fluorescence of molecules bearing j ligands form the geometric series x(j). 3. Non-linear quenching of protein fluorescence for this enzyme is probably due to radiationless transfer of energy from the protein molecule to the bound NADH and should also be observed when other potential acceptors of protein fluorescence are bound at unique sites. 4. The intercept with F(s) of an initial tangent to a curve of protein fluorescence against alpha will be at a value of alpha equal to (K(d)+[E(0)]). (1-x(n))/n.(1-x) and not at a value equal to the sum of the dissociation constant (K(d)) and the concentration of identical ligand-binding sites ([E(0)]). 5. A use of non-linear protein fluorescence quenching to investigate the state of aggregation of a protein is discussed.
NUMARCK: Machine Learning Algorithm for Resiliency and Checkpointing (2014)

Data check pointing is an important fault tolerance technique in High Performance Computing (HPC) systems. As the HPC systems move towards exascale, the storage space and time costs of check pointing threaten to overwhelm not only the simulation but also the post-simulation data analysis. One common practice to address this problem is to apply compression algorithms to reduce the data size. However, traditional lossless compression techniques that look for repeated patterns are ineffective for scientific data in which high-precision data is used and hence common patterns are rare to find. This paper exploits the fact that in many scientific applications, the relative changes in data values from one simulation iteration to the next are not very significantly different from each other. Thus, capturing the distribution of relative changes in data instead of storing the data itself allows us to incorporate the temporal dimension of the data and learn the evolving distribution of the changes. We show that an order of magnitude data reduction becomes achievable within guaranteed user-defined error bounds for each data point. We propose NUMARCK, North western University Machine learning Algorithm for Resiliency and Check pointing, that makes use of the emerging distributions of data changes between consecutive simulation iterations and encodes them into an indexing space that can be concisely represented. We evaluate NUMARCK using two production scientific simulations, FLASH and CMIP5, and demonstrate a superior performance in terms of compression ratio and compression accuracy. More importantly, our algorithm allows users to specify the maximum tolerable error on a per point basis, while compressing the data by an order of magnitude.