gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mammary-tumor-educated B cells acquire LAP/TGF-β and PD-L1 expression and suppress anti-tumor immune responses (2016)

B lymphocytes play a role in inhibiting the immune response against certain tumors, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. EMT-6 mammary tumors grow well in wild-type (WT) mice but show reduced growth in B-cell-deficient μ(-/-) BALB/c mice (BCDM). WT mice demonstrate extensive B-cell infiltration into the tumor bed, reduced CD8(+) T cell and CD49(+) NK cell infiltration, and markedly reduced cytolytic T-cell response relative to BCDM. Expression of LAP/TGF-β1, CD80, CD86 and PD-L1 is significantly increased in tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIL-B) relative to splenic B cells. LAP/TGF-β1 expression on TIL-B progressively increased from 5.4±1.7% on day 8 to 43.1±6.1% by day 21 post tumor implantation. Co-culture of EMT-6 tumor cells with Naive-B cells ex vivo generated B cells (EMT6-B) with a similar immunophenotype to TIL-B. Purified TIL-B, or in-vitro-generated EMT6-B suppressed CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-) T-cell proliferation, and Th1 cytokine secretion, and also suppressed purified NK-cell proliferation in response to IL-15, compared to naive splenic B cells. Acquired B regulatory function required direct tumor cell: B-cell contact, and was partially reversed by antibody to TGF-β or PD-L1, leading to tumor rejection in vivo B-cell acquisition of a suppressive phenotype following tumor infiltration may result in profound inhibition of T-cell anti-tumor responses.
Compressed sensing in array signal processing based on modulated wideband converter (2014)

Nyquist theory is a serious obstacle to the wideband signal processing, which has been broken by compressed sensing theory. Modulated wideband converter can sample wideband signals with subNyquist frequency. In array signal processing, to bring down the sampling rate for the wideband signal is especially an essential issue. This paper proposes a new architecture based on modulated wideband converter, which can be used in array wideband signal processing. It makes full use of the parallelism of the modulated wideband converter and the sparsity of the special wideband signal, and the existing algorithms for L-shaped array can be used in the proposed architecture directly. The theoretical analysis and simulations prove its capableness of compressed sensing in array signal processing.
Microprocessor-base system for ultrasonic tissue characterization. (1980)

A microprocessor-based ultrasonic data acquisiton and analysis system has been developed for measuring acoustic parameters of biologic media in a controlled environment. The system consists of commercially available pulse-echo electronics and both minicomputers and microcomputers. Measurements were made on various biologic tissues, both freshly excised and formalin fixed. Propagation velocity measurements were made using the substitution technique. Peak amplitude and log power spectra difference methods were used for attenuation measurements. Measured results indicate that propagation velocity in the soft tissues was in the range of 1530-1580 m/sec at 20 degrees C. Velocity variation among tissues at any given frequency was less than 2%; dispersion in the frequency range 1-10 MHz was approximately 1.5%. Attenuation coefficients showed a marked dependence on frequency increasing in a linear fashion. The slope of the attenuation frequency curve varied with tissue type and could be used for tissue characterization.
Stochastic Modeling of the PPG Signal: A Synthesis-by-Analysis Approach With Applications (2013)

In this paper, we propose a stochastic model of photoplethysmographic signals that is able to synthesize an arbitrary number of other statistically equivalent signals to the one under analysis. To that end, we first preprocess the pulse signal to normalize and time-align pulses. In a second stage, we design a single-pulse model, which consists of ten parameters. In the third stage, the time evolution of this ten-parameter vector is approximated by means of two autoregressive moving average models, one for the trend and one for the residue; this model is applied after a decorrelation step which let us to process each vector component in parallel. The experiments carried out show that the model we here propose is able to maintain the main features of the original signal; this is accomplished by means of both a linear spectral analysis and also by comparing two measures obtained from a nonlinear analysis. Finally, we explore the capability of the model to: 1) track physical activity; 2) obtain statistics of clinical parameters by model sampling; and 3) recover corrupted or missing signal epochs by synthesis.
Effect of Additives on Electrodeposition of Nanocrystalline Zinc from Acidic Sulfate Solutions (2007)

The influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), benzalacetone (BA), and thiourea (TU) on pulse electrodeposition of zinc from acidic sulfate baths was investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The results show that a mixture of PEG and CTAB can fully dissolve BA in the concentrated zinc sulfate solutions. This ternary additive can increase the overpotential of zinc electrodeposition markedly, and then gives rise to forming a bright nanocrystalline zinc coating on steel substrate, with an average grain size of 52 nm. The combination of these four compounds is more powerful for improving the cathodic polarization and inhibit hydrogen evolution during zinc electrodeposition in comparison with ternary additive systems. A bright and compact zinc coating with a grain size of 43 nm and the (110)(100)(201) preferred orientations are produced due to the coexistence of all four compounds. These compounds act in a synergetic way, especially between BA and TU, leading to the grain refinement of zinc deposits.
Finding Inlined Functions in Optimized Binaries. (2021)

Much software, whether beneficent or malevolent, is distributed only as binaries, sans source code. Absent source code, understanding binaries' behavior can be quite challenging, especially when compiled under higher levels of compiler optimization. These optimizations can transform comprehensible, source constructions into something entirely unrecognizable. Reverse engineering binaries, especially those suspected of being malevolent or guilty of intellectual property theft, are important and time-consuming tasks. There is a great deal of interest in tools to decompile binaries back into more natural source code to aid reverse engineering. Decompilation involves several desirable steps, including recreating source-language constructions, variable names, and perhaps even comments. One central optimization step in creating binaries is inlining functions. Recovering these inlined functions from optimized binaries is an essential task that most state-of-the-art decompiler tools try to do but do not perform very well. In this paper, we evaluate a supervised learning approach to the problem of recovering inlined functions. We leverage open-source software and develop an automated labeling scheme to generate a reasonably large dataset of binaries labeled with inlined functions. We augment this large but limited labeled dataset with a pre-training step, which learns the decompiled code statistics from a much larger unlabeled dataset. Thus augmented, our learned labeling model can be combined with an existing decompilation tool, Ghidra, to achieve substantially improved performance in inlined function recovery, especially at higher levels of optimization.
Overexpression of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) delays Alzheimer's progression in vivo (2014)

Deposition of amyloid β protein (Aβ) to form neuritic plaques in the brain is the pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is produced by β- and γ-cleavages of amyloid β precursor protein (APP). Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is a de-ubiquitinating enzyme that cleaves ubiquitin at its carboxyl terminal. Dysfunction of UCHL1 has been reported in neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether UCHL1 affects Aβ production and AD progression remains unknown. Here we report that UCHL1 interacts with APP and regulates Aβ production. UCHL1 increases free ubiquitin level and accelerates the lysosomal degradation of APP by promoting its ubiquitination. Furthermore, we demonstrate that overexpression of UCHL1 by intracranial injection of UCHL1-expressing rAAV reduces Aβ production, inhibits neuritic plaque formation and improves memory deficits in AD transgenic model mice. Our study suggests that UCHL1 may delay Alzheimer's progression by regulating APP degradation in a long-term fashion, and that overexpression of UCHL1 may be a safe and effective disease-modifying strategy to treat AD.
Laser heating and particle temperature measurement in an electrodynamic balance (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser heating and particle temperature measurement in an electrodynamic balanceR. E. Spjut, A. F. Sarofim, and J. P. LongwellCite this: Langmuir 1985, 1, 3, 355–360Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00063a016https://doi.org/10.1021/la00063a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views230Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low-noise video amplifiers for imaging CCD's (1976)

Various techniques were developed which enable the CCD (charge coupled device) imaging array user to obtain optimum performance from the device. A CCD video channel was described, and detector-preamplifier interface requirements were examined. A noise model for the system was discussed at length and laboratory data presented and compared to predicted results.
Atomic force microscopy using cantilevers with integrated tips and piezoelectric layers for actuation and detection (1997)

Cantilevers with integrated tip and piezoelectric layer (zinc oxide, ZnO) for actuation and detection have been microfabricated using monocrystalline silicon as the bulk material. Arrays of five levers and cantilevers with two independent ZnO layers have also been obtained. The levers have been mechanically and electrically characterized. Dynamic mode and contact mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) images were achieved using the integrated piezoelectric layer of these levers as a vertical deflection sensor.
Influences of scattered field caused by buildings to ILS localizer in Airport (2015)

This paper is concerned with influences of scattered field caused by buildings to instrument landing system (ILS). The localizer (LOC) which is one of ILS subsystem, plays an important role to provide guidance in the horizontal position of aircraft. The LOC emits signals with a varying modulation. The performance of the LOC is obtained by the difference of depth of modulation (DDM) whose values are distorted by the multipath caused by scattering objects, such as building and aircraft. In this paper, we provide a solution for analyzing electromagnetic fields in airport. Firstly, we review the principle of the LOC system. Then, we propose a numerical method based on the ray tracing method (RTM) in three dimensional propagation environment. In the numerical simulation, we show field distribution and the value of DDM. Finally, we discuss the influences of scattered field caused by buildings in an airport.
101. Some dichloroamine derivatives (1947)

L. J. Lermit and R. C. G. Moggridge, J. Chem. Soc., 1947, 530 DOI: 10.1039/JR9470000530
Saskatoon and Wild Blueberries Have Higher Anthocyanin Contents than Other Manitoba Berries (2007)

Studies have shown that anthocyanins present in berry fruits have some beneficial health effects such as reducing age-associated oxidative stress and possessing anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, six Manitoba berries (wild blueberry, Saskatoon berry, raspberry, chokecherry, strawberry, and seabuckthorn) were studied for their anthocyanin compositions (mg/100 g) on dry weight basis. Saskatoon berry and wild blueberry showed a high content of total anthocyanins (562.4 and 558.3 mg/100 g, respectively) that were not significantly (P>0.05) different from each other. The corresponding values for other berries: raspberry (365.2 mg/100 g), chokecherry (177.39 mg/100 g), and strawberry (97.5 mg/100 g) were significantly different from each other (P<0.05), and the total anthocyanin content of seabuckthorn was negligible (0.84 mg/100 g). Fifteen major anthocyanins were isolated from Manitoba berries. Saskatoon berry and wild blueberry contained higher amounts of delphinidin 3-glucoside (Dp-3-glc), malvidin 3-glucoside (Mv-3-glc), and malvidin 3-galactoside (Mv-3-gal). Dp-3-glc was 263.8 (mg/100 g) in Saskatoon berry and 84.4 (mg/100 g) in wild blueberry, whereas the corresponding values for Mv-3-glc in these berries were 47.4 and 139.6 (mg/100 g), respectively. Raspberry, strawberry, and chokecherry contained higher amounts of cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy-3-glc), cyanidin 3-rutinoside (Cy-3-rut), and pelargonidin 3-glucoside (Pg-3-glc). The total anthocyanin content of Manitoba fruits followed the order: Saskatoon berry and blueberry (high anthocyanin berries), raspberry and chokecherry (medium anthocyanin berries), strawberry (low anthocyanin berries), and seabuckthorn (negligible anthocyanin berries). This study demonstrated that Saskatoon berries and wild blueberries have high potential value for fruit growers as well as the food and nutraceutical manufacturers because of their high anthocyanin contents.
Application of Foam Cement in the Williston Basin (1989)

ABSTRACT The properties of low density foamed cement slurries have been advantageously employed to overcome cementing problems in North and South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. For over 30 years, operators in the Williston Basin have encountered completion problems associated with several salt and lost circulation zones. Poor mud displacement in washed out salt sections left long string production casing vulnerable to casing collapse. Weak zones prone to lost circulation necessitated use of multiple stage cementing techniques to perform long string casing cementing jobs. To solve these problems, foam cement has been used with exceptional success. The use of this lightweight cementing system has helped eliminate the problem of collapsed pipe, as well as allowing for the circulation of long intervals of cement, even back to surface, in a single stage.
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Tamoxifen: Risks and Opportunities (2000)

The antiestrogen tamoxifen is widely used in the adjuvant therapy of breast cancers in women and helps to prevent the occurrence of breast tumors in healthy women. However, epidemiological studies have shown tamoxifen treatment to be associated with a 2- to 5-fold increased risk of endometrial cancer. In rats but not in mice, long-term administration of tamoxifen results in an increase in hepatocellular carcinomas. Mechanistically, this occurs through metabolic activation of the drug, mainly by the CYP3A family, to an electrophilic species, that causes DNA damage in target tissues, and subsequently leads to gene mutations. It is controversial whether low levels of DNA damage occur in human uterine tissues, and there is no evidence that this can be causally related to the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. In healthy women, the risk:benefits for the use of tamoxifen is in part related to the risk of developing breast cancer. The results from the carcinogenicity studies in rats do not predict the likelihood that women will develop liver cancer or indeed cancers in other organs. The mechanism of endometrial cancer in women remains unresolved, but the experience with tamoxifen has highlighted the potential problems that need to be addressed in the assessment of future generations of selective estrogen receptor modulators.
The Detection of Liquid Slugging Phenomena in Reciprocating Compressors via Power Measurements (2006)

The presence of liquid refrigerant in the compressor cylinder during operation, or liquid slugging, is one of the most common causes of failure in reciprocating compressors. We propose to detect this fault by analyzing the electrical current flowing into the compressor and identifying the chan ge in the load on the motor caused by the presence of liquid in the compressor cylinder. Two different types of liquid slugging are examined in this paper. In the first, small volumes of liquid are ingested during the steady-state operation of the compressor; in the second, small volumes of liquid are present at the suction port of the compressor immediately prior to the compressor start. Experimental data from a 1-ton split air conditioning system is used to demonstrate methods for identifying these faults.
Stimulation of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase mRNA translation by reovirus capsid polypeptide sigma 3 in cotransfected COS cells (1989)

The mammalian reovirus S4 gene has been implicated in the serotype-dependent inhibition of host cell protein synthesis during viral replication in mouse L cells. To examine the effect(s) of this gene on transcription or translation or both, a DNA copy of the serotype 3 S4 gene was inserted into a eucaryotic expression vector. Cotransfection of COS cells with plasmids containing S4 and the reporter gene, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), resulted in a marked stimulation of CAT expression, predominantly at the level of translation. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the double-stranded-RNA-binding activity of the S4 gene product, polypeptide sigma 3.
Lessons learned from implementing the CORBA persistent object service (1996)

In this paper, the authors share their experiences gathered during the design and implementation of the CORBA Persistent Object Service. There are two problems related to a design and implementation of the Persistence Service: first, OMG intentionally leaves the functionality core of the Persistence Service unspecified; second, OMG encourages reuse of other Object Services without being specific enough in this respect. The paper identifies the key design issues implied both by the intentional lack of OMG specification and the limits of the implementation environment characteristics. At the same time, the paper discusses the benefits and drawbacks of reusing other Object Services, particularly the Relationship and Externalization Services, to support the Persistence Service. Surprisingly, the key lesson learned is that a direct reuse of these Object Services is impossible.
Diffusion-Controlled Detection of Trinitrotoluene: Interior Nanoporous Structure and Low Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital Level of Building Blocks Enhance Selectivity and Sensitivity (2012)

Development of simple, cost-effective, and sensitive fluorescence-based sensors for explosives implies broad applications in homeland security, military operations, and environmental and industrial safety control. However, the reported fluorescence sensory materials (e.g., polymers) usually respond to a class of analytes (e.g., nitroaromatics), rather than a single specific target. Hence, the selective detection of trace amounts of trinitrotoluene (TNT) still remains a big challenge for fluorescence-based sensors. Here we report the selective detection of TNT vapor using the nanoporous fibers fabricated by self-assembly of carbazole-based macrocyclic molecules. The nanoporosity allows for time-dependent diffusion of TNT molecules inside the material, resulting in further fluorescence quenching of the material after removal from the TNT vapor source. Under the same testing conditions, other common nitroaromatic explosives and oxidizing reagents did not demonstrate this postexposure fluorescence quenching; rather, a recovery of fluorescence was observed. The postexposure fluorescence quenching as well as the sensitivity is further enhanced by lowering the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of the nanofiber building blocks. This in turn reduces the affinity for oxygen, thus allocating more interaction sites for TNT. Our results present a simple and novel way to achieve detection selectivity for TNT by creating nanoporosity and tuning molecular electronic structure, which when combined may be applied to other fluorescence sensor materials for selective detection of vapor analytes.
Antibody-mediated immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease. (2007)

Immunotherapy against beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease alleviates the amyloid-associated pathology via three distinct mechanisms. First, antibodies directed against the N-terminal region of Abeta plaques leads to the dissolution of Abeta in the CNS. Second, opsonization of amyloid by an antibody occurs and is thus cleared via Fc-dependent phagocytosis. However, both of these mechanisms require the entry of antibodies into the CNS. Conversely, the third mechanism involves the sequestering of plasma Abeta by antibodies, establishing a gradient favoring the efflux of Abeta from the CNS, and is thus not dependent upon the translocation of antibodies across the blood-brain barrier. Clearly, future therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease depend on increased research into the various mechanisms of immunotherapy to successfully clear Abeta peptides.
SYNTHESIS OF 2-(4-CHLOROBENZOYLAMIDO)-5-ARYLOXYMETHYL-1,3,4-OXADIAZOLES UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION (2001)

2-(4-Chlorobenzoylamido)-5-aryloxymethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (IIa–j) are synthesized by cyclization of 1-aryloxyacetyl-4-(4- chlorobenzoyl)-thiosemicarbazides (Ia-j) in the presence of mercuric acetate under the condition of microwave irradiation.