gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Retinoic acid as modulator of UVB-induced melanocyte differentiation: Involvement of the melanogenic enzymes expression (1994)

Retinoic acid (RA) is a hormone-like agent involved in the control of cell differentiation. The most characteristic feature of melanocyte differentiation, melanogenesis, is stimulated by UV radiations. Excessive chronic sun exposure results in irregular skin hypermelanosis that can be partially corrected by topical RA. The basic mechanisms underlying this effect of RA are unknown. To determine whether RA can directly modulate excessive melanin synthesis, we analyzed the in vitro effect of cis- and trans-RA on UVB-induced melanogenesis in S91 mouse melanoma cells and in normal human melanocytes (NHM). In both cells types, the two RA isoforms significantly decreased the UVB-stimulated melanogenesis in term of tyrosinase activity and melanin neosynthesis. To correlate changes in melanogenesis with the expression of melanogenic enzymes, we determined the neosynthesis rate of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1/gp 75) and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2/DOPAchrome tautomerase). Here we show that UVB-induced melanogenesis in NHM is related to an increased synthesis of tyrosinase and TRP-1 and to a dramatic decrease of TRP-2 expression. RA inhibition of UVB-induced melanogenesis acts at the post-transcriptional level leading to a decreased tyrosinase and TRP-1 synthesis. We also show that in NHM, inhibition of TRP-2 following UVB-treatment is significantly reversed by RA. This demonstrates a negative correlation between melanogenesis and TRP-2 expression.
A Case of Sub-acute Intussusception with Skiagrams (1932)

From the
Spectral quadrangulation with orientation and alignment control (2008)

This paper presents a new quadrangulation algorithm, extending the spectral surface quadrangulation approach where the coarse quadrangular structure is derived from the Morse-Smale complex of an eigenfunction of the Laplacian operator on the input mesh. In contrast to the original scheme, we provide flexible explicit controls of the shape, size, orientation and feature alignment of the quadrangular faces. We achieve this by proper selection of the optimal eigenvalue (shape), by adaption of the area term in the Laplacian operator (size), and by adding special constraints to the Laplace eigenproblem (orientation and alignment). By solving a generalized eigen-problem we can generate a scalar field on the mesh whose Morse-Smale complex is of high quality and satisfies all the user requirements. The final quadrilateral mesh is generated from the Morse-Smale complex by computing a globally smooth parametrization. Here we additionally introduce edge constraints to preserve user specified feature lines accurately.
Lack of cytochrome involvement in long-range electron transport through conductive biofilms and nanowires of Geobacter sulfurreducens (2012)

Two competing models for long-range electron transport through the conductive biofilms and nanowires of Geobacter sulfurreducens exist. In one model electrons are transported via pili that possess delocalized electronic states to function as protein wires with metallic-like conductivity. In the other model electrons are transported by more traditional electron transfer via electron hopping/tunneling between the c-type cytochromes in G. sulfurreducens biofilms and pili. The cytochrome hypothesis was further examined. Quantifying c-type cytochromes in G. sulfurreducens biofilms and pili indicated that there are insufficient cytochromes to account for electron transport through the bulk of the biofilm or pili and demonstrated that there is a negative correlation between cytochrome abundance and biofilm conductivity. Direct imaging using atomic force microscopy revealed that cytochromes were not packed close enough on pili to permit electron hopping/tunneling along the pili. Inactivating cytochromes had no impact on biofilm conductivity. The results of electrochemical gating studies were inconsistent with electron transport via cytochromes. Theoretical considerations suggest that a cytochrome model cannot explain the previously reported response of biofilm conductivity to temperature changes. These multiple lines of evidence, which rely on approaches with different sets of assumptions, demonstrate that the hypothesis that long-range electron transport through G. sulfurreducens biofilms and nanowires can be attributed to electron hopping/tunneling between c-type cytochromes is incorrect. In contrast, these multiple lines of evidence are consistent with long-range electron transport through the biofilms via networks of pili that possess metallic-like conductivity.
Logistic regression and the Boltzmann machine (1990)

A derivation of the learning algorithm for the Boltzmann machine is presented. It uses a statistical tool called logistic regression, in which the connection strengths in the Boltzmann machine correspond to the parameters of the logistic model. The use of maximum-likelihood estimates for the parameters leads to the standard learning algorithm for the Boltzmann machine and may be easily extended to <e1 xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</e1> -way connections. This formulation makes explicit the contribution of higher-order connections and has sparked research into analysis of the tradeoff between their increased learning power and the increased number of connections they require
A New Framework for Network Flow Queuing Delay Prediction Based on Stream Computing (2019)

In the network, accurately predicting network flow queuing delay is important for congestion control, network bandwidth allocation, and network performance improvement. In order to improve QoS (quality of service) and predict fine-grained queuing delay in advance, A framework is proposed in this paper. We firstly perform real-time preprocessing on fine-grained data packet, which is acquired using In-band Network Telemetry (INT) technology, based on the Storm platform. Then we use Spark Streaming to perform online prediction based on LSTM short-term prediction model which is obtained by training off-line data on the Spark platform. The online prediction and off-line training technology framework proposed in this paper will provide effective information for congestion avoidance or dynamic routing planning in real time.
Measurement of Gas Diffusion Capacity of Cigarette Papers (2005)

Abstract Apparatus suitable for measuring gas diffusion capacity of cigarette paper was assembled and evaluated. The apparatus provides semi-automated means for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide diffusing through a small area of the paper, and computation of a paper thickness-dependent diffusion capacity of the sample. Measurements are rapid and can be made in about 30 s. Diffusion capacity measurements were repeatable and reproducible to within about 1%. Variability of the diffusion capacity values was much lower than that observed for permeability measurements. For these reasons, the apparatus is useful for quality assessment and research applications. Diffusion capacity was measured for cigarette papers of inherent permeability ranging from 6 to 62 cm/min. As expected from prevailing theory, the diffusion capacity values generally increased with permeability. The diffusion capacity measured for electrostatically perforated papers was only slightly higher (about 6-11%) than the unperforated base paper despite large increases in permeability. This result indicates that diffusion capacity is governed by small pores in the paper. The apparatus is capable of measuring banded areas of papers designed for reduced ignition propensity. Diffusion capacity values for banded areas were lower than those of non-banded paper of similar permeability, suggesting that the band material preferentially occludes small pores in the paper.
Emotion detection using keywords spotting and semantic network IEEE ICOCI 2006 (2006)

Emotion can be expressed in ways that can be seen such as facial expression and gestures. Emotion can also be heard by detecting prosody features and other vocal characteristics. However in this research, we are interested to detect emotions from textual information. Our main objective is to predict the emotions from textual material such as e-mails that is related to relationship. We work on emotion detection by using keywords spotting method and semantic network method. We examined both the methods and achieved a better result with the semantic network model.
True-amplitude imaging and dip moveout (1993)

Abstract True-amplitude seismic imaging produces a three dimensional (3-D) migrated section in which the peak amplitude of each migrated event is proportional to the reflectivity. For a constant-velocity medium, the standard imaging sequence consisting of spherical-divergence correction, normal moveout (NMO), dip moveout (DMO), and zero-offset migration produces a true-amplitude image if the DMO step is done correctly. There are two equivalent ways to derive the correct amplitude-preserving DMO. The first is to improve upon Hale's derivation of F-K DMO by taking the reflection-point smear properly into account. This yields a new Jacobian that simply replaces the Jacobian in Hale's method. The second way is to calibrate the filter that appears in integral DMO so as to preserve the amplitude of an arbitrary 3-D dipping reflector. This latter method is based upon the 3-D acoustic wave equation with constant velocity. The resulting filter amounts to a simple modification of existing integral algorithms. The new F-K and integral DMO algorithms resulting from these two approaches turn out to be equivalent, producing identical outputs when implemented in nonaliased fashion. As dip increases, their output become progressively larger than the outputs of either Hale's F-K method or the integral method generally associated with Deregowski and Rocca. This trend can be observed both on model data and field data.There are two additional results of this analysis, both following from the wave-equation calibration on an arbitrary 3-D dipping reflector. The first is a proof that the entire imaging sequence (not just the DMO part) is true-amplitude when the DMO is done correctly. The second result is a handy formula showing exactly how the zero-phase wavelet on the final migrated image is a stretched version of the zero-phase deconvolved source wavelet. This result quantitatively expresses the loss of vertical resolution due to dip and offset.
Rubbed polyimide films studied by scanning force microscopy (1995)

The surfaces of rubbed polyimide films for aligning liquid crystal have been studied by atomic force microscopy. The unrubbed films consisted of randomly distributed polyimide clusters of different sizes. On the rubbed surface, however, the clusters are aligned in long chains along the rubbing direction. The cluster chains were separated by about 100 nm for small rubbing strength. For higher strength the cluster chains coalesced into wider ones.
Self-Describing Data Transfer Methodology for Intelligent Transportation Systems Applications (1999)

The wide variety of remote sensors used in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) applications (loops, probe vehicles, radar, cameras, etc.) has created a need for general methods by which data can be shared among agencies and users who own disparate computer systems. In this paper a methodology is presented that demonstrates that it is possible to create, encode, and decode a self-describing data (SDD) stream using existing data description language standards, parsers to enforce language compliance, a simple content language that flows out of the data description language, and architecture neutral encoders and decoders based on Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1). Further, it documents a reference implementation of an SDD receiver.
Carbon – a Key Material in Future Motive Power Engineering (2000)

In the near future motive power engineering will have to change to meet the global demands of reduction of pollution and energy consumption at equal or improved operational reliability. Advanced carbon materials will play an important role to verify the most promising concepts, namely as pistons in remaining spark ignition engines and as electrodes in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells as well as in rechargeable lithium batteries.
High-power 808 nm ridge-waveguide diode lasers with very small divergence, wavelength-stabilized by an external volume Bragg grating (2009)

We present data on ridge-waveguide diode lasers having a vertical far-field divergence of only 11.5 degrees (FWHM) owing to an appropriate waveguide design. The lasers emitted an optical power of more than 1 W into the spatial fundamental mode from a ridge width of 5 microm. The emission wavelength was stabilized to a narrow range around 808 nm by placing a volume Bragg grating in front of the outcoupling facet.
A BRIEF R EVIEW ON ORAL FILM TECHNOLOGY (2011)

The purpose of the current review is to enlighten present and future perspective on oral film drug delivery system. Now - a - days we observe paediatric and geriatric patients facing the problem of dysphasia due to administration of monolit hic solid dosage forms, which are also seen in the case of fast dissolving tablets considering the size of the tablets . Hence oral film drug delivery is proved to be better alternative in such cases. The oral films are formulated using polymers, plasticizers, flavor s , color s and sweeteners. T he oral film is manufactured using solvent casting method, rolling method, extrusion method and solid dispersion method. The films are evaluated for dimensions, disintegration, dissolution, tensile strength an d folding endurance. I t has many application s like taste masking immediate release and sustained release formulation. K EYWORDS : Oral strips, Solvent casting technique, Electronic tongue, P ackaging.
InfoHarness (1995)

Enormous amounts of heterogeneous information have been accumulated within corporations, government organizations and universities. It is becoming increasingly easier to create new information, but the knowledge about the existence, location, and means of retrieval of information, have become so confusing as to give rise to the phenomenon of write-only databases.
Optimum beamformer in correlated source environments (2006)

A new method for overcoming signal cancellation problems due to correlated interferences which occur in a minimum variance distortionless response beamformer is proposed. Instead of decorrelating the correlated interferences, the coherently combining signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (CC-SINR) beamformer regards them as replicas of the desired signal and coherently combines them with the desired signal. This method uses an eigenvector constraint that suppresses only noise and uncorrelated interferences but retains the desired signal and correlated interferences. The CC-SINR beamformer does not require any preliminary information on correlated interferences. The signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of the proposed beamformer output was compared to that of a conventional SINR beamformer when correlated interference, uncorrelated interference, and white noise exist. In addition, various key parameters that affect the performance of the beamformer, such as signal-to-noise ratio, uncorrelated interference-to-noise ratio, angular separation between signals, attenuation factor, phase delay of correlated interference, and the number of sensors were analyzed. All of the experimental results were in good agreement with the analytical results.
Getting together on child safety (1988)

As the most common cause of death in children, accidents are a major area of concern. At the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA), we are anxious to pool resources with health care professionals to see how we can all work together in tackling this problem.
Making silicon hydrophobic: wettability control by two-lengthscale simultaneous patterning with femtosecond laser irradiation (2006)

We report on the wettability properties of silicon surfaces, simultaneously structured on the micrometre-scale and the nanometre-scale by femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation to render silicon hydrophobic. By varying the laser fluence, it was possible to control the wetting properties of a silicon surface through a systematic and reproducible variation of the surface roughness. In particular, the silicon-water contact angle could be increased from 66° to more than 130°. Such behaviour is described by incomplete liquid penetration within the silicon features, still leaving partially trapped air inside. We also show how controllable design and tailoring of the surface microstructures by wettability gradients can drive the motion of the drop's centre of mass towards a desired direction (even upwards).
Surface alignment of ferroelectric liquid crystals using polyimide, polyamide-imide and polyamide layers and their effect on pre-tilt angle (1993)

Abstract Fluoro and non-fluoro polymer alignment layers of high and low pre-tilt angle were developed for ferroelectric liquid crystal display devices to exploit the effect of rubbed polyimide, polyamide-imide and polyamide alignment layers on pre-tilt angle and other electro-optical properties. Fluorine containing polyimide and polyamide alignment control layers displayed high pre-tilt angle (< 10°) and good alignment of liquid crystal molecules with no zig-zag defects by means of standard rubbing techniques. Non-fluoro polymer alignment layers showed relatively small pre-tilt angle (< 5°) with good or random alignment having some zig-zag defects in the ferroelectric liquid crystal cells. The ferroelectric liquid crystal used in the experiment was CS-1011 having the phase sequences SC*-SA-N*-I. The characteristic changes due to structurally different polymer layers on ferroelectric liquid crystal alignment are described.
Material Management in Decentralized Supply Chains (1993)

A supply chain is a network of facilities that performs the functions of procurement of material, transformation of material to intermediate and finished products, and distribution of finished products to customers. Often, organizational barriers between these facilities exist, and information flows can be restricted such that complete centralized control of material flows in a supply chain may not be feasible or desirable. Consequently, most companies use decentralized control in managing the different facilities at a supply chain. In this paper, we describe what manufacturing managers at Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) see as the needs for model support in managing material flows in their supply chains. These needs motivate our initial development of such a model for supply chains that are not under complete centralized control. We report on our experiences of applying such a model in a new product development project of the DeskJet printer supply chain at HP. Finally, we discuss avenues to develop better models, as well as to fully exploit the power of such models in application.
A study of opto-physiological modeling to quantify tissue absorbance in imaging photoplethysmography (2010)

This paper presents an opto-physiological model (OPM) to quantify the absorbance of multi-layered tissue in imaging photoplethysmography (IPPG). The approach used to generate such a model is to revise the path length of the Beer Lambert law through the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of multi-layered tissue. The OPM can mathematically quantify the effect of optical properties on the absorbance of multilayered tissue. Subsequently, the absorbance measured from homogeneous, multi-layered tissue phantoms compares with model predictions. To this end, the model is validated to predict the widest range of experimental outcomes while maintaining the highest possible level of accuracy. This study brings a new approach to understand the principle of IPPG.
Prednisone affects inflammation, glucose tolerance, and bone turnover within hours of treatment in healthy individuals (2011)

In healthy young adults after single doses as low as 10 mg, prednisone treatment has significant effects on glucose tolerance and bone formation markers within hours of treatment, in parallel with anti-inflammatory effects.
Plasminogen Activators and MatrixMetalloproteinases in Angiogenesis (1996)

In the initial stages of capillary formation (angiogenesis) microvascular endothelial cells of preexisting blood vessels locally degrade the underlying basal lamina and invade into the stroma of the tissue to be vascularized. A consistent body of experimental evidence has shown that this process requires a wide array of dedradative enzymes. Components of the plasminogen activator (PA)-plasmin system and of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family play important roles. PAs trigger a proteinase cascade that results is the generation of high local concentrations of plasmin and active MMPs. This increase in proteolytic activity has three major consequences: it permits endothelial cell degradation and invasion of the vessel basal lamina, generates extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation products that are chemotactic for endothelial cells, and activates and mobilizes growth factors localized in the ECM. In addition, urokinase-type PA modulates some endothelial cell functions, including proliferation and migration, with a mechanism independent of proteolytic activity. PA and MMP activities are modulated in endothelial cells by complex mechanisms, including transcriptional regulation by a variety of growth factors and cytokines with angiogenic activity, extracellular control of the proteolytic activities by tissue inhibitors, and interaction with binding sites on the cell membrane and ECM.
Clinical Characteristics of Human Monkeypox, and Risk Factors for Severe Disease (2005)

Monkeypox can cause a severe clinical illness, with systemic signs and symptoms and abnormal clinical laboratory findings. In the appropriate epidemiologic context, monkeypox should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients with unusual vesiculopustular exanthems, mucosal lesions, gastrointestinal symptoms, and abnormal hematologic or hepatic laboratory findings. Clinicians evaluating a rash illness consistent with possible orthopoxvirus infection should alert public health officials and consider further evaluation.
Data aggregation and roadside unit placement for a vanet traffic information system (2008)

In this paper we investigate how a VANET-based traffic information system can overcome the two key problems of strictly limited bandwidth and minimal initial deployment. First, we present a domain specific aggregation scheme in order to minimize the required overall bandwidth. Then we propose a genetic algorithm which is able to identify good positions for static roadside units in order to cope with the highly partitioned nature of a VANET in an early deployment stage. A tailored toolchain allows to optimize the placement with respect to an application-centric objective function, based on travel time savings. By means of simulation we assess the performance of the resulting traffic information system and the optimization strategy.
Test Power Reduction with Multiple Capture Orders (2005)

This paper proposes a method to reduce the excess power dissipation during scan testing. The proposed method divides a scan chain into a number of sub-chains, and enables only one sub-chain at a time for both the scan and capture operations. To efficiently deal with the data dependence problem during the capture cycles, we develop a multiple-capture-orders method to guarantee the full scan fault coverage. A test pattern generation procedure is developed to reduce the test application time and a test architecture based on a ring control structure is adopted which makes the test control very simple and requires very low area overhead. Experimental results for large ISCAS'89 benchmark circuits show that the proposed method can reduce average and peak power by 86.8% and 66.1% in average, respectively, when 8 sub-chains are used.