gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oral Human Abuse Potential of Oxycodone DETERx<sup>®</sup>(Xtampza<sup>®</sup>ER) (2016)

Oxycodone DETERx<sup>®</sup> (Collegium Pharmaceutical Inc, Canton, Massachusetts) is an extended-release, microsphere-in-capsule, abuse-deterrent formulation designed to retain its extended-release properties after tampering (eg, chewing/crushing). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, triple-dummy study evaluated the oral abuse potential of intact and chewed oxycodone DETERx capsules compared with crushed immediate-release oxycodone. Subjects with a history of recreational opioid use who were nondependent/nontolerant to opioids were enrolled. Treatments included intact oxycodone DETERx (high-fat, high-calorie meal and fasted), chewed oxycodone DETERx (high-fat, high-calorie meal and fasted), crushed immediate-release oxycodone (fasted), and placebo (high-fat, high-calorie meal). Plasma samples were collected to determine pharmacokinetic parameters. The primary endpoint was drug liking at the moment; other endpoints included drug effects questionnaire scores, Addiction Research Center Inventory/Morphine Benzedrine Group score, pupillometry measurements, and safety. Thirty-eight subjects completed the study. Chewed and intact oxycodone DETERx were bioequivalent, unlike crushed immediate-release oxycodone, which yielded higher peak oxycodone plasma concentrations compared with all methods of oxycodone DETERx administration. The mean maximum (peak) effect (E<sub>max</sub> ) for drug liking was significantly lower for chewed and intact oxycodone DETERx than for crushed immediate-release oxycodone (P < .01). The time to E<sub>max</sub> was significantly longer for chewed and intact oxycodone DETERx than for crushed immediate-release oxycodone (P < .0001). Scores for feeling high and Addiction Research Center Inventory/Morphine Benzedrine Group scores demonstrated lower abuse potential for chewed and intact oxycodone DETERx compared with crushed immediate-release oxycodone. Study treatments were well tolerated; no subjects experienced serious adverse events. These results demonstrate the lower oral abuse potential of chewed and intact oxycodone DETERx than crushed immediate-release oxycodone.
<title>Expansion of the image size and viewing zone in holographic display using liquid crystal devices</title> (1995)

We are researching 3D display using Liquid Crystal Devices (LCDs) as spatial light modulators to control wavefront for reconstructed 3D holographic image. We have tried to expand the image size and viewing zone, especially on vertical direction. The image size depends on the size of LCD pixel, and the viewing zone depends on the number of LCD pixels. So we use half mirror to set up three-fine pixel LCDs continuously in horizontal direction. In our display of first step, we can see 14 mm in width of image size, under +/- 1.2 degree(s) in angle of horizontal viewing zone. But in vertical direction, since the number of LCD pixels are limited, the reconstructed image size and viewing zone become small in full- parallax off-axis holography. So we discard the vertical parallax, which makes the necessity for number of LCD pixels to diffract the wavefront too large. We use cylindrical lens to expand the vertical image size and adjust the image plane, under the condition of discarding the vertical parallax. And we set lenticular sheet on the image plane to get wide vertical viewing zone.
ProClass protein family database (2000)

ProClass is a protein family database that organizes non-redundant sequence entries into families defined collectively by PIR superfamilies and PROSITE patterns. By combining global similarities and functional motifs into a single classification scheme, ProClass helps to reveal domain and family relationships and classify multi-domain proteins. The database currently consists of >155 000 sequence entries retrieved from both PIR-International and SWISS-PROT databases. Approximately 92 000 or 60% of the ProClass entries are classified into approximately 6000 families, including a large number of new members detected by our GeneFIND family identification system. The ProClass motif collection contains approximately 72 000 motif sequences and >1300 multiple alignments for all PROSITE patterns, including >21 000 matches not listed in PROSITE and mostly detected from unique PIR sequences. To maximize family information retrieval, the database provides links to various protein family, domain, alignment and structural class databases. With its high classification rate and comprehensive family relationships, ProClass can be used to support full-scale genomic annotation. The database, now being implemented in an object-relational database management system, is available for online sequence search and record retrieval from our WWW server at http://pir.georgetown.edu/gfserver/proclass.html
Decellularized Cartilage Matrix as a Novel Biomatrix for Cartilage Tissue-Engineering Applications (2012)

Damage of cartilage structures in the head and neck region as well as in orthopedic sites are frequently caused by trauma, tumor resection, or congenital defects. Despite a high demand in many clinical fields, until today, no adequate cartilage replacement matrix is available for these fields of application. Materials that are clinically applied for joint cartilage repair still need optimization due to difficult intraoperative handling and risk of early mechanical damage. We have developed and applied a novel chemical process to completely decellularize and sterilize human and porcine cartilage tissues (meniscus cartilage and nasal septum) to generate a new type of bioimplant matrix. To characterize this matrix and to determine the effect of the decellularization process, the content of denatured collagen (w(D)) and the content of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) (w(G)) were determined. Possible cytotoxic effects and cellular compatibility of the matrix in vitro have been examined by seeding processed cartilage biomatrices with human primary chondrocytes as well as murine fibroblasts (L929). Vitality and state of metabolism of cells were measured using MTS assays. Both cell types adhered to scaffold surfaces and proliferated. No areas of growth inhibition or cytotoxic effects were detected. New synthesis of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix was observed. By histological staining, electron microscopy, and μCT analysis, an increase of matrix porosity, complete cell elimination, and high GAG removal were demonstrated. Being from natural-origin, processed xenogenic and allogeneic cartilage biomatrices are highly versatile with regard to shape, size, and biomechanics, making them promising candidates for various biomedical applications.
Role of macrophages in host defense against hepatic amoebiasis in hamsters (1983)

The role of macrophages in hepatic amoebiasis in hamsters has been investigated by means of antimacrophage serum prepared in rabbits. Animals treated with normal rabbit serum or antimacrophage serum, as well as untreated controls, were inoculated intrahepatically with 10(5) axenic trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica. In hamsters treated with antimacrophage serum before intrahepatic inoculation of amoebae, the mean weight of the metastatic foci was significantly greater than in normal rabbit serum-treated or untreated controls. Treatment of hamsters with antimacrophage serum both before and after administration of amoebae not only increased significantly the size of the abscess in the liver but also allowed dissemination of metastatic foci to other organs.
Near-infrared spectroscopy for liquids of microliter volume using capillaries with wall transmission (2003)

In the present study we propose a capillary tube method for measuring near-infrared (NIR) spectra of microliter liquid and solution samples. This method enables one to measure NIR spectra of liquids and solutions of only 2.5 microl. As an example of the capillary tube method, Fourier-transform NIR spectra of benzene were measured using a capillary tube with a diameter of 1 mm. Positions and intensities of the NIR bands in the spectra obtained by the capillary tube were almost identical to those measured using a quartz cuvette cell. Moreover, capillary NIR spectra of human blood serum obtained from a patient with backbone neoplasm were also measured. Subtraction of the NIR spectrum of water from those of human blood serum develops unambiguously some NIR bands due to blood components such as proteins and glucose. Our results suggest that capillary NIR spectroscopy will open new areas of NIR applications for small amounts of liquid and solution samples.
Robot self-assembly by folding: A printed inchworm robot (2013)

Printing and folding are fast and inexpensive methods for prototyping complex machines. Self-assembly of the folding step would expand the possibilities of this method to include applications where external manipulation is costly, such as micro-assembly, mass production, and space applications. This paper presents a method for self-folding of printed robots from two-dimensional materials based on shape memory polymers actuated by joule heating using embedded circuits. This method was shown to be capable of sequential folding, angle-controlled folds, slot-and-tab assembly, and mountain and valley folds. An inchworm robot was designed to demonstrate the merits of this technique. Upon the application of sufficient current, the robot was able to fold into its functional form with fold angle deviations within six degrees. This printed robot demonstrated locomotion at a speed of two millimeters per second.
Numbers on the edges: A simplified and scalable method for quantifying the Gene Regulation Function (2010)

The gene regulation function (GRF) provides an operational description of a promoter behavior as a function of the concentration of one of its transcriptional regulators. Behind this apparently trivial definition lies a central concept in biological control: the GRF provides the input/output relationship of each edge in a transcriptional network, independently from the molecular interactions involved. Here we discuss how existing methods allow direct measurement of the GRF, and how several trade-offs between scalability and accuracy have hindered its application to relatively large networks. We discuss the theoretical and technical requirements for obtaining the GRF. Based on these requirements, we introduce a simplified and easily scalable method that is able to capture the significant parameters of the GRF. The GRF is able to predict the behavior of a simple genetic circuit, illustrating how addressing the quantitative nature of gene regulation substantially increases our comprehension on the mechanisms of gene control.
Collective forms of coping and the social construction of work stress among industrial workers and police officers in France (2015)

While dominant approaches to stress and coping focus on individual responses, field studies show that strategies of adaptation to difficult and harmful work conditions are partly collective. The notion of collective coping takes interactions and group behavior into greater account than the concepts of social support. The collective forms of coping are parts of the mediation between potential stressors due to work organization and health trouble. This analysis approaches stress as a social construction and contributes to a better understanding of the meaning of stress in different occupational groups. Examples from industrial workers and police officers (based on c.120 interviews) illustrate the different configurations of collective resistance and show how its weakening may explain, among different causes, the rise of stress complaints within these groups.
Large size, lightweight, Luneburg Lenses for multi-beam antenna applications (2012)

Using newly developed meta-materials, multilayer Luneburg Lenses were fabricated with diameters 0.6m and 1.0m. The meta-materials used are broad-band, have low losses, have controllable permittivity and average density of 40kg/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . This allows for a construction of large diameter broadband Luneburg Lenses with multilayer structure and low weight, the 0.6m and 1.0m Lenses weighing less then 5kg and 21kg respectively. The measurement results of the light weight, large size, broadband Luneburg Lenses are presented.
Temperature-independent thin-film optical waveguide (1981)

The concept of having the effective refractive index of an optical waveguide mode be independent of temperature is introduced. It is shown that this concept should be realizable with a Corning 7059 glass thin-film waveguide supported on a SiO(2)-Si substrate for a waveguide thickness of 0.37 microm. Measurements of effective refractive index as a function of temperature confirm this prediction of temperature independence in that they show a very small variation with temperature for a 0.35-microm thick waveguide in comparison with that for a 0.98-microm thick waveguide.
Photoeffect on SiAs Electrodes (1983)

The first electrochemical measurements on SiAs are reported. SiAs is a layered semiconductor whose structure and bonding characteristics are different from those of the studied group VI chalcogenides. All experiments were performed in a N2-saturated sulfate solution. Illumination was provided with the aid of a tungsten-iodine lamp. A photocurrent spectrum of a p-SiAs electrode is shown in a graph. In the long-wavelength region, a relatively small increase of current with photon energy is observed, indicating indirect electron transitions at photon energies near the semiconductor band gap at 1.42 eV. Around 500 nm a shoulder is observed and at 400 nm a steep increase in photocurrent is noted. It is pointed out that the almost ideal energetic location of the SiAs band gap and the low material costs could make this semiconductor a promising candidate for solar energy conversion.
Regulation of cellular calcium through signaling cross‐talk involves an intricate interplay between the actions of receptors, G‐proteins, and second messengers (1995)

Various external stimuli regulate cellular Ca2+ fluxes. Information from these stimuli is transmitted to the cell interior by signal transducing systems that involve interactions between receptors, G-proteins, and enzymes that generate second messengers. The possible mechanisms by which "cross-talk" within and between these second messenger-generating systems provides an intricate molecular avenue for fine modulation of intracellular Ca2+ are reviewed.
Transformerless power line voltage conditioner and regulator based on CA PWM Chopper (2010)

Utility power quality problems like input voltage unbalance and sag conditions severely stress electronic equipment. Voltage sag forecasting is a complex issue, since it involves a large variety of random factors, such as: type of shortcircuits in the power system, location of faults, protective system performance and atmospheric discharges. Recently, the AC-AC converters have been proposed as voltage compensator. In this paper a patented topology is proposed and checked; its main advantage is that in addition to compensate voltage sags or swells by changing the duty ratio, it may be used as a line dimmer for lighting loads.
Runtime Data Management on Non-Volatile Memory-based Heterogeneous Memory for Task-Parallel Programs (2018)

Non-volatile memory (NVM) provides a scalable solution to replace DRAM as main memory. Because of relatively high latency and low bandwidth of NVM (comparing with DRAM), NVM often pairs with DRAM to build a heterogeneous main memory system (HMS). Deciding data placement on NVM-based HMS is critical to enable future NVM-based HPC. In this paper, we study task-parallel programs, and introduce a runtime system to address the data placement problem on NVM-based HMS. Leveraging semantics and execution mode of task-parallel programs, we efficiently characterize memory access patterns of tasks and reduce data movement overhead. We also introduce a performance model to predict performance for tasks with various data placements on HMS. Evaluating with a set of HPC benchmarks, we show that our runtime system achieves higher performance than a conventional HMS-oblivious runtime (24% improvement on average) and two state-of-the-art HMS-aware solutions (16% and 11% improvement on average, respectively).
[123I]-2.beta.-carbomethoxy-3.beta.-(4-iodophenyl)tropane: high-affinity SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) radiotracer of monoamine reuptake sites in brain (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT[123I]-2.beta.-carbomethoxy-3.beta.-(4-iodophenyl)tropane: high-affinity SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) radiotracer of monoamine reuptake sites in brainJohn L. Neumeyer, Shaoyin Wang, Richard A. Milius, Ronald M. Baldwin, Yolanda Zea-Ponce, Paul B. Hoffer, Elzbieta Sybirska, Mohammed Al-Tikriti, Dennis S. Charney, and Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1991, 34, 10, 3144–3146Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00114a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00114a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views554Altmetric-Citations192LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Walkaway VSP using multimode optical fibers in a hybrid wireline (2016)

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a novel technology that uses an optical fiber cable as a sensor for acoustic signals and can take almost any downhole fiber-optic installation or deployment and turn the fiber-optic cable into a large downhole seismic array. This array can provide enhanced vertical seismic profile (VSP) imaging and monitor fluids and pressure changes in the hydrocarbon-production reservoir. Walkaway VSP data acquired over a formerly producing well in northeastern China provided a rich set of high-quality DAS walkaway VSP data. A standard VSP data preprocessing workflow was applied, followed by prestack Kirchhoff time migration. In the DAS preprocessing step, we were faced with additional challenges: strong coherent noise due to cable slapping and ringing along the borehole casing. Compared with an earlier offset VSP data set using 327 levels acquired with conventional 3C downhole geophones in the same well, the final preprocessed DAS walkaway VSP has a larger vertical aperture, resulting in a wider lateral image. The single-well DAS walkaway VSP images provide a good result with higher vertical and lateral resolution than the surface seismic in the objective area. The vertical-well environment, which lacks the ability to effectively “clamp” the sensor to the borehole-casing wall by touching, creates a unique set of challenges. Although earth signal was recorded with almost all the shots, there was also a considerable amount of noise. Much of the noise was due to the physical placement of the wireline in the well and was expressed by slapping and ringing. Reported here are lessons learned in handling the wireline cable and subsequent special DAS data processing steps developed to remediate some of the practical wireline deployment issues. Optical wireline cable as a conveyance of fiber-optic cables for VSP in vertical wells will open the use of the DAS system to wider applications.
Two-dimensional image processing without transpose (2005)

This paper provides a new solution to the cache efficiency problem in processing large two-dimensional image at both row and column directions, by implementing a special SDRAM controller in FPGA which can access image data at both directions efficiently and by employing some accessing rules in software which can guarantee cache coherence. By contrast with traditional corner turn (transpose of matrix) method, our design consumes less hardware resources by making additional corner turn memory unnecessary, and has the processing time shortened by skipping the comer turn phase.
Effects of acute vs. chronic phorbol ester exposure on transepithelial permeability and epithelial morphology (1992)

In previous experiments we have shown that acute (30 minutes) exposure to phorbol esters or other protein kinase C activators causes increased transepithelial permeability, specifically by the increased paracellular permeability through tight junctions. However, the role of protein kinase C activators in carcinogenesis is predicted upon a chronic exposure of an effective dose at frequent intervals for a prolonged period of time. We therefore sought to determine the effect of chronic phorbol ester exposure on transepithelial permeability by exposing cells of the polar renal epithelial cell line, LLC-PK1, to phorbol esters for time periods as long as 16 weeks. The following changes ensued: (1) after the initial drop in transepithelial resistance due to phorbol ester exposure, i.e., an increase in transepithelial permeability (in the acute phase of exposure), an adaptive response occurs as transepithelial resistances in chronically exposed cultures recover to approximately 50% of control values, (2) the cell sheets in chronically exposed cultures lose their acute responsiveness of transepithelial permeability to phorbol ester exposure, (3) cell sheet architecture changes as cells occasionally multilayer and actual polyp-like cell masses appear at high frequency, and (4) cytosolic protein kinase C activity decreases to 50% of control level with acute exposure and then is further decreased to less than 1% of control level in chronically treated cells; membrane-associated PKC activity is not as sharply decreased. The possible role of transepithelial permeability in carcinogenesis and the value of chronically treated epithelial cell cultures as a model for two-stage carcinogenesis are discussed.
Effect of Grain Shape on Abnormal Grain Growth in Liquid‐Phase‐Sintered Nb <sub> 1− <i>x</i> </sub> Ti <sub> <i>x</i> </sub> C–Co Alloys (2002)

The effect of titanium substitution for niobium on the grain shape change, grain growth inhibition, and abnormal grain growth during liquid‐phase sintering of Nb 1− x Ti x C–Co alloy was studied. With increased titanium substitution, the shape of the Nb 1− x Ti x C grains in the liquid cobalt matrix was changed from a cube with round corners to a cube with angular corners, which implied increased edge energy. As the grain corners became more angular, the grain growth became markedly inhibited, and abnormal grain growth occurred. The results could be best explained by the increased edge energy of the interface of the Nb 1− x Ti x C grains, which increased the barrier for the growth by two‐dimensional nucleation.