gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zero-shot video retrieval using content and concepts (2013)

Recent research in video retrieval has been successful at finding videos when the query consists of tens or hundreds of sample relevant videos for training supervised models. Instead, we investigate unsupervised zero-shot retrieval where no training videos are provided: a query consists only of a text statement. For retrieval, we use text extracted from images in the videos, text recognized in the speech of its audio track, as well as automatically detected semantically meaningful visual video concepts identified with widely varying confidence in the videos. In this work we introduce a new method for automatically identifying relevant concepts given a text query using the Markov Random Field (MRF) retrieval framework. We use source expansion to build rich textual representations of semantic video concepts from large external sources such as the web. We find that concept-based retrieval significantly outperforms text based approaches in recall. Using an evaluation derived from the TRECVID MED'11 track, we present early results that an approach using multi-modal fusion can compensate for inadequacies in each modality, resulting in substantial effectiveness gains. With relevance feedback, our approach provides additional improvements of over 50%.
RETRACTED: A New Class of Quinoline-Based DNA Hypomethylating Agents Reactivates Tumor Suppressor Genes by Blocking DNA Methyltransferase 1 Activity and Inducing Its Degradation (2009)

Reactivation of silenced tumor suppressor genes by 5-azacytidine (Vidaza) and its congener 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (decitabine) has provided an alternate approach to cancer therapy. We have shown previously that these drugs selectively and rapidly induce degradation of the maintenance DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1 by a proteasomal pathway. Because the toxicity of these compounds is largely due to their incorporation into DNA, it is critical to explore novel, nonnucleoside compounds that can effectively reactivate the silenced genes. Here, we report that a quinoline-based compound, designated SGI-1027, inhibits the activity of DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B as well M. SssI with comparable IC(50) (6-13 micromol/L) by competing with S-adenosylmethionine in the methylation reaction. Treatment of different cancer cell lines with SGI-1027 resulted in selective degradation of DNMT1 with minimal or no effects on DNMT3A and DNMT3B. At a concentration of 2.5 to 5 micromol/L (similar to that of decitabine), complete degradation of DNMT1 protein was achieved within 24 h without significantly affecting its mRNA level. MG132 blocked SGI-1027-induced depletion of DNMT1, indicating the involvement of proteasomal pathway. Prolonged treatment of RKO cells with SGI-1027 led to demethylation and reexpression of the silenced tumor suppressor genes P16, MLH1, and TIMP3. Further, this compound did not exhibit significant toxicity in a rat hepatoma (H4IIE) cell line. This study provides a novel class of DNA hypomethylating agents that have the potential for use in epigenetic cancer therapy.
Theoretical energy calibration of multiple-pixel events in a wide band-gap semiconductor detector with pixellated electrodes (2009)

The observed energy resolution of pixellated wide band-gap semiconductor detectors degrades as the number of triggered pixels increases. For multiple pixel events, one of the biggest barriers to overcome during the energy reconstruction is the effects of weighting potential cross-talk. The current calibration method determines a set of correction coefficients to convert each measured signal to an estimated energy deposition as a function of lateral separation between the interaction pixels and their centroid interaction depth. Theoretically, an energy calibration procedure can be implemented that will correct for weighting potential cross-talk as a function of the individual interaction depths and lateral pixel separation, as well as variation of amplifier gain for different pixel electrodes. An analysis of this theoretical calibration has been performed to better understand characteristics of this energy reconstruction method. This paper describes the results using actual measured data on the linear relationship between multiple-pixel anode signals.
Viral antigen stimulation of the production of human monokines capable of regulating HIV1 expression. (1989)

We have previously described model systems for cytokine-induced regulation of chronically HIV-infected promonocyte and T cell clones. Using these systems, we have shown that monokines contained in supernatants from LPS-stimulated human monocyte/macrophages (MO) up-regulate HIV expression, reflected by an increase in reverse transcriptase activity, viral RNA levels, and expressed viral proteins. Current studies were designed to determine whether viral Ag can interact with MO and secondarily affect HIV1 expression by stimulating monokine production. We found that certain herpes-group viruses, including CMV and EBV, augment HIV1 expression by inducing monokine production, whereas others, such as HSV1, HSV2, varicella-zoster virus, and human herpes virus 6 were unable to function in this capacity. The HSV1 and HSV2 Ag which failed to stimulate monokine production did not interfere with MO stimulation by CMV Ag, suggesting that failure to induce HIV expression was not attributable to MO suppression. When nonherpes group viruses were tested, we found that human adenovirus, hepatitis B virus, and vaccinia virus all failed to stimulate the production of monokines capable of activating HIV in the chronically infected cell lines. In contrast, HIV1 can augment its own expression by inducing the secretion of monokines which up-regulate HIV expression in the infected cells. The viral Ag-induced MO supernatants capable of up-regulating HIV expression did so in a dose-dependent manner, whereas viral Ag alone produced no significant change. Monokine production mediated by viral Ag was not attributable to contaminating endotoxin. These studies provide a model to determine whether other opportunistic infections may induce the expression of HIV by indirect mechanisms, such as the stimulation of cytokine production.
Two‐Step Thermal Anneal and Its Application to a CCD Sensor and CMOS LSI (1983)

The two‐step thermal anneal has been investigated in detail for the control of oxygen precipitation. The correlations of interstitial oxygen reduction after the two‐step thermal anneal, the interstitial oxygen in the as‐grown wafer, and the microdefect density are made clear. There is a critical oxygen concentration for the oxygen precipitation. It depends on the first step annealing time and the substitutional carbon concentration. The two‐step thermal anneal was applied successfully to a CCD image sensor and CMOS LSI to improve their performance.
Tunable Optical Transparency in Self-Assembled Three-Dimensional Polyhedral Graphene Oxide (2016)

The origami-like self-folding process is an intellectually stimulating technique for realizing three-dimensional (3D) polyhedral free-standing graphene oxide (GO) structures. This technique allows for easy control of size, shape, and thickness of GO membranes, which in turn permits fabrication of free-standing 3D microscale polyhedral GO structures. Unlike 2D GO sheets, the 3D polyhedral free-standing GO shows a distinct optical switching behavior, resulting from a combination of the geometrical effect of the 3D hollow structure and the water-permeable multilayered GO membrane that affects the optical paths.
Determination of Thiols in Hydrocarbon Gases (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Thiols in Hydrocarbon GasesEdgar Ellis, Thomas Barker, and J. L. GoveCite this: Anal. Chem. 1951, 23, 12, 1777–1779Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60060a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60060a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Capsaicin vanilloid receptor-1 mediates substance P release in experimental pancreatitis (2001)

We examined whether the capsaicin vanilloid receptor-1 (VR1) mediates substance P (SP) release from primary sensory neurons in experimental pancreatitis. Pancreatitis was achieved by 12 hourly injections of caerulein (50 microg/kg ip) in mice. One group received capsazepine (100 micromol/kg sc), a competitive VR1 antagonist, at 4-h intervals. Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) internalization in acinar cells, used as an index of endogenous SP release, was assessed by immunocytochemical quantification of NK1R endocytosis. The severity of pancreatitis was assessed by measurements of serum amylase, pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and histological grading. Caerulein administration caused significant elevations in serum amylase and pancreatic MPO activity, produced histological evidence of pancreatitis, and caused a dramatic increase in NK1R endocytosis. Capsazepine treatment significantly reduced the level of NK1R endocytosis, and this was associated with similar reductions in pancreatic MPO activity and histological severity of pancreatitis. These results demonstrate that repeated caerulein stimulation causes experimental pancreatitis that is mediated in part by stimulation of VR1 on primary sensory neurons, resulting in endogenous SP release.
Scalable Support for 3D Graphics Applications in Cloud (2010)

Recent advances in virtualization technology and wide acceptance of the cloud computing model are having significant impact on the software service industry. Though cloud computing and virtualization technology has been widely applied in supporting the information processing needs of conventional enterprise and business applications, there has been little success to-date in enabling realtime 3D virtual appliances in the cloud. This paper aims to address this deficiency by presenting SHARC, a solution for enabling scalable support of realtime 3D applications in a cloud computing environment. The solution uses a scalable pipelined processing infrastructure which consists of three processing networks according to the principle of division-of-labor, a virtualization server network for running 3D virtual appliances, a graphics rendering network for processing graphics rendering workload with load balancing, and a media streaming network for transcoding rendered frames into H.264/MPEG-4 media streams and streaming the media streams to a cloud user. The paper describes a prototype implementation of SHARC and reports test results that demonstrate the viability of this approach.
Expression of the gene for the neuronal intermediate filament protein α‐internexin coincides with the onset of neuronal differentiation in the developing rat nervous system (1994)

While neurofilaments have long been considered early markers of neuronal differentiation, they cannot be detected in most newly postmitotic neurons of the developing central nervous system (CNS). Here we show that these neurons already express the neuronal intermediate filament protein alpha-internexin at high levels. alpha-internexin is expressed by most, if not all, neurons as they begin differentiation and shows no overlap with vimentin, whose expression in the CNS is restricted to mitotic neuronal precursors. In the adult, alpha-internexin is the only intermediate filament gene expressed by the cerebellar granule cells, the source of the thin-caliber parallel fibers; conversely, neurofilament proteins are highly expressed in large neurons, which express alpha-internexin at low levels. These data suggest that neuronal intermediate filaments may regulate axonal stability and/or diameter through changes not only in their number, but also in their subunit composition.
Isolation and Characterization of Adult Progenitor Cells From Healthy and Laminitic Hoof Tissue (2012)

Laminitis is an often fatal condition in horses with few available and only moderately effective treatment options. Separation of laminar dermis and epidermis lead to rotation or ventral deviation of the third phalanx inside the hoof capsule. Despite being a modified skin, equine laminar tissue does not completely return to normal after laminitis. The hypothesis tested was that adult progenitor cells in the equine laminar tissue are irreversibly damaged by laminitis. A method to harvest and culture cells in vitro from the equine lamina was established; and progenitor cells from unaffected and laminitic hooves were characterized and compared. Laminar tissue was harvested from horses with and without evidence of laminitis. Cells were isolated from each tissue type, unaffected (UC) and laminitic (LC). Cell doublings (CD) and doubling times (DT) were quantified for passage (P) 0-5 cells. For P0, 2, and 5, fibroblastic colony forming units (CFU-F), progenitor (OCT4, SOX-2, CD29, CD44, and CD105) and keratin (K14, K15, and K19) target gene mRNA levels (qRT-PCR) and protein expression (flow cytometry) as well as multipotentiality were assessed. Keratins were localized with immunohistochemistry. Overall LC CD was significantly higher than UC. Progenitor gene mRNA levels were significantly higher in P0 LC versus UC. K14 and K15 mRNA levels in P0 were lower in LC when compared to UC. Keratins were localized to secondary epidermal lamina. Osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation was confirmed in both cell types Increases in progenitor mRNA in UC over passages is consistent with selection of progenitor cells by plastic affinity and confirms maintenance of progenitor cell characteristics through multiple passages. Results of this study highlight specific progenitor cell changes in laminitic hooves that result in a constant state of hyperproliferation without cell maturation. These changes may explain the abnormal tissue organization and function that result from laminitic episodes. The procedures developed in this study provide a unique and consistent model to study the intricacies of equine laminitis in the horse. Future studies using the model designed here will be used for in vitro investigations aimed at identifying specific mechanisms to reverse or prevent the cellular changes from laminitis.
Wireless awareness for wireless intelligent network (2004)

Wireless awareness for wireless intelligent network is the capability of network services to be aware of the existence and characteristics of the wireless links in the communication path. This position paper summarizes several intrusive and nonintrusive wireless awareness techniques and proposes a new framework design for integrating wireless awareness into the wireless network to improve network intelligence for next-generation wireless communication networks.
The crossover of phase transitions from NaCaF3 to KCaF3 (1991)

We have performed molecular dynamics simulations on a series of 320 ion samples of NaCaF3 with specific amounts of randomly distributed K substituted for Na. Our computations used ab initio potentials with no adjustable parameters to calculate the short range interactions between ion pairs in these samples. Our results indicate the gradual crossover of the phase transitions from NaCaF3 to KCaF3. The polar state seems to disappear at a K to Na ratio of three.
<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>Gal/GalNAc lectin depletes antioxidant defences of target epithelial cells (2004)

Among the variety of virulence factors of Entamoeba histolytica, an adherence lectin (Gal/GalNAc, 260 kDa) is known to mediate colonization and subsequent host responses. Gal/GalNAc lectin is universally recognized by the immune sera of patients with amoebic liver abscess. It plays a crucial role in cytolysis and phagocytosis of human and rat colonic mucin glycoproteins. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the role of antioxidants in E. histolytica Gal/GalNAc lectin-induced signals in the target epithelial cells. We have attempted to define a pathway in target cells, Henle-407 cells (human intestinal epithelial cell line), that could link this immunodominant antigen to a known biological pathway for target cell activation and triggering of subsequent disease pathology/parasite survival. Since several workers have demonstrated that cAMP and cGMP may act as important cellular signals for altering ion transport, so in the present study, cAMP and cGMP levels were measured in Henle-407 cells which showed significant increase at 15 min after stimulation. Elevated cAMP and cGMP levels are implicated in altered electrolyte transport and conductance. Results showed that there were increased levels of ROS and RNI which led to reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes--catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Despite the increased glutathione (reduced) levels, the enzymes were not able to combat the damage caused by ROS and RNI. Thus, there was an increased local concentration of the free radicals and reduced activities of all the three enzymes which could damage the target cell in terms of cytoskeleton and permeability changes.
Growth Factor Regulation of Neuronal Development (1994)

Recent experimental investigations have redefined the spectrum of growth factors and developmental signalling pathways that are necessary to orchestrate the growth and differentiation of regional neuronal subpopulations. Gene knockout studies of the classic neurotrophins and their high-affinity tyrosine kinase (Trk) receptors have refined our definition of the cellular mechanisms and target populations of these neuronotrophic factors. Recognition of the significant parallels that exist between neuropoiesis and hematolymphopoiesis has fostered our study of the range and cellular actions of these hemopoietins in neuronal development. In addition, by activating receptor subunits that possess serine/threonine activity, bone morphogenetic proteins of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily exhibit complex spatiotemporal regulation of regional neuronal subpopulations. These collective observations suggest that a complex hierarchy of epigenetic signals is required for the growth and maturation of regional neuronal lineage species in the central and peripheral mammalian nervous system.
Method aids calculation of PHPA depletion rates (1992)

A series of tests comparing partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) concentration amounts has helped determine a new method for monitoring the depletion rate of the inhibitor in drilling fluids. Being able to monitor actual excess inhibitor levels helps in the evaluation of drilling fluid performance and overall mud cost. Cost and performance relate to the rate at which the inhibitors are spent, regardless of the mechanism for formation control (e.g., chemical inhibition, physical encapsulation, or a combination of mechanisms). The depletion rate of inhibitive agents in drilling fluids can, in many cases, present serious problems to a drilling operation. As the formation type varies with depth, the depletion rate varies; thus, the inhibitor level should be adjusted to correspond with the formation reactivity. For the most part, the drilling industry uses qualitative methods to determine the inhibition level of a mud (e.g., determining the level of inhibition from a subjective analysis of the cuttings passing over the shaker screens). Many quantitative analysis methods fail to present correct values of excess inhibitor level, particularly for muds which depend on PHPA for inhibition. Excess polymer can increase the mud cost and may cause operating inefficiencies. This paper reports on an inhibitive index experimentmore » that was designed to further the understanding of PHPA depletion rates and to develop a method of quantitatively identifying these rates.« less
Risk factors for acquired megaesophagus in dogs (1997)

Dogs with acquired megaesophagus should be evaluated for peripheral neuropathies, laryngeal paralysis, acquired myasthenia gravis, esophagitis, and chronic or recurrent gastric dilatation with or without volvulus. These dogs may be evaluated for hypothyroidism; however, this study did not reveal a clear association between hypothyroidism and acquired megaesophagus.
Emergence of gp120 V3 Variants Confers Neutralization Resistance in an R5 Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaque Elite Neutralizer That Targets the N332 Glycan of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoprotein (2013)

Neutralization-resistant simian-human immunodeficiency virus AD8 (SHIVAD8) variants that emerged in an infected macaque elite neutralizer targeting the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 N332 glycan acquired substitutions of critical amino acids in the V3 region rather than losing the N332 glycosylation site. One of these resistant variants, carrying the full complement of gp120 V3 changes, was also resistant to the potent anti-HIV-1 monoclonal neutralizing antibodies PGT121 and 10-1074, both of which are also dependent on the presence of the gp120 N332 glycan.
Modern Magnetooptics and Magnetooptical Materials (1997)

Modern Magnetooptics and Magnetooptical Materials provides a comprehensive account of the principles and applications of magnetooptics, bridging the gap between textbooks and specialist accounts in the research and review literature. The book is aimed at the graduate physicist and electrical engineer, but assumes no specialist knowledge of magnetooptics. Chapters have been designed to be reasonably independent, so that readers in search of information on a particular topic can go straight to the appropriate place in the book, with only occasional reference to material elsewhere.Divided into three main parts, the book begins with the principles of magnetooptics to provide the necessary theoretical background. This section's emphasis is on introducing practical considerations through examples taken from real-life situations. The next part surveys a wide range of magnetooptic materials, including metals, alloys, and granular structures. The final part explores applications of magnetooptics in practical devices, such as modulators, switches, memory devices, and waveguides. This book provides a thorough introduction for graduate students of physics and electrical engineering, and a useful reference for researchers.