gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[η<sup>2</sup>-Bis(di-t-butylphosphino)methan](trans-stilben)nickel(0), Ni(dtbpm)(trans-PhCH = CHPh). Synthese und Molekülstruktur einer Vorstufe des 14-Elektronenfragments [Ni(dtbpm)] / [η<sup>2</sup>-Bis(di-t-butylphosphino)methane](trans-stilbene)nickel(0), Ni(dtbpm)(trans-PhCH=CHPh). Synthesis and Molecular Structure of a Precursor for the 14-Electron Fragment [Ni(dtbpm)] (1990)

The synthesis of [η 2 -bis(di-t-butylphosphino)methane](trans-stilbene)nickel(0), Ni(dtbpm)(trans-PhCH=CHPh) (17), is reported. This novel, stable Ni(0)-olefin complex can be prepared from dichloro[η 2 -bis(di-t-butylphosphino)methane]nickel(II), Ni(dtbpm)Cl 2 (18), which is easily accessible from anhydrous NiCl 2 and bis(di-t-butylphosphino)methane, (dtbpm, 12). Lithium-powder reduction of 18 in the presence of an excess of trans-stilbene in ether at low temperature yields 17. For both 17 and 18 X-ray structure determinations have been carried out and the results for the olefin complex 17 are reported and discussed in detail. 17 is the first bisphosphane Ni(0) olefin complex in which the d 10 metal is part of a four-mem-bered bisphosphane chelate ring with an accordingly very small P—Ni—P angle (79.6°). The molecular geometry of 17 reveals electronic structure characteristics, bonding capabilities and steric properties for the Ni(dtbpm)-unit, which are in accord with previous theoretical predictions. 17 can serve as a convenient precursor to generate the strongly bent d 10 -ML 2 14-electron fragment [Ni(dtbpm)] (13) in solution. This reactive intermediate can be trapped, yielding various derivatives of the stereoelectronically anomalous Ni(0) fragment 13.
An XML-based distributed metadata server (DIMES) supporting Earth science metadata (2002)

With explosively increasing volumes of remote sensing, modelling and other Earth science data available, and the popularity of the Internet, scientists are now facing challenges to publish and to find interesting data sets effectively and efficiently. Metadata has been recognized as a key technology to ease the searching and retrieval of Earth science data. In this paper, we discuss the DIMES (DIstributed MEtadata Server) prototype system. Designed to be flexible yet simple, DIMES uses XML to represent, store, retrieve and interoperate metadata in a distributed environment. DIMES accepts metadata in any well-formed XML format and thus assumes the "tree" semantics of metadata entries. Additional domain knowledge can be represented as specific links through XML's ID/IDREF mechanism. DIMES provides a number of mechanisms, including the "nearest-neighbor search", to navigate and to search metadata. Though started for the Earth science community, DIMES can be easily extended to serve scientific communities in other disciplines.
Bifrequency Pulse-Train Control Technique for Switching DC–DC Converters Operating in DCM (2010)

A novel control technique, called bifrequency pulse-train (BF-PT) control technique, for switching dc-dc converters is proposed. In contrast to the conventional pulsewidth-modulation-based control technique of switching dc-dc converters, which realizes the output voltage regulation by adjusting the duty ratio of the control pulse cycle by cycle, the BF-PT control technique realizes the output voltage regulation of switching dc-dc converters based on the presence and absence of preset high- and low-frequency control pulses. In BF-PT control, the output voltage of switching dc-dc converter is sampled at the beginning of each switching cycle and compared with a reference voltage to determine whether a high- or low-frequency control pulse should be selected as the control pulse. The BF-PT control technique is simple and cost effective and enjoys fast transient response. In addition, two types of control pulses with different switching frequencies spread the emission spectrum over discrete frequencies, resulting in lower electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise and easier EMI filter design. Furthermore, more low-frequency control pulses at lighter load improve the light-load power conversion efficiency. A buck converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode is taken as an example to illustrate the application and benefits of BF-PT control technique. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the analytical results.
A New Nonconjugated Naphthalene Derivative of<i>Meso</i>‐tetra‐(3‐hydroxy)‐phenyl‐porphyrin as a Potential Sensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy (2010)

A new 5,10,15,20-tetra-(phenoxy-3-carbonyl-1-amino-naphthyl)-porphyrin was prepared by an isocyanate condensation reaction and its photophysical properties fully evaluated, both in terms of photostability and singlet oxygen production. It shows considerably enhanced photostability when compared with the parent 5,10,15,20-tetra-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)-porphyrin, with the photodegradation quantum yields for T(NAF)PP and T(OH)PP being 4.65×10(-4) and 5.19×10(-3) , respectively. Its photodynamic effect in human carcinoma HT-29 cells was evaluated. The new porphyrin showed good properties as a sensitizer in photodynamic therapy with an in vitro cytotoxicity IC(50) value of 6.80μg mL(-1) for a 24h incubation. In addition to the potential of this compound, the synthetic route used provides possibilities of extension to a wide range of new sensitizers.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-amino-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one (3,7-dideazaguanine) (1984)

The synthesis of 6-amino-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one (3,7-dideazaguanine, 2) has been accomplished from 3-(ethoxycarbonyl)pyrrole-2-acetonitrile. In contrast to 3-deazaguanine, compound 2 did not show any antitumor, antiviral, or antibacterial properties. Furthermore, it was not a substrate for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase or purine nucleoside phosphorylase.
Single‐nucleotide polymorphism‐mass array reveals commonly deleted regions at 3p22 and 3p14.2 associate with poor clinical outcome in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (2008)

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common solid tumors in the world with poor prognosis. Deletion of chromosome 3p is one of the most frequent chromosomal alterations in ESCC, suggesting the existence of one or more tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) at this region. In the present study, a recently developed high-throughput and high-resolution technology, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-mass array, was applied to investigate loss of heterozygosity on 3p in 100 primary ESCC cases with 386 SNP markers. Four commonly deleted regions (CDRs) at 3p26.3, 3p22, 3p21.3 and 3p14.2 were identified. Absent and down-regulated expression of several candidate TSGs, including CHL1, PCAF, RBMS3, PLCD1 and CACNA2D3, were detected in primary ESCC tumors and ESCC cell lines. Moreover, deletions of CDRs 2 and 4 were correlated with advanced tumor stage and deletion of CDR2 was associated with tumor metastasis in ESCC. Our findings provided evidence that minimal deleted regions at 3p26.3, 3p22, 3p21.3 and 3p14.2 containing potential TSGs may contribute to the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer.
Therapeutic Place of Fulvestrant in the Management of Hormone-receptor Positive Breast Cancer (2016)

Fulvestrant is an oestrogen-receptor antagonist that exerts selective oestrogen receptor downregulation, antiproliferative activity and induction of apoptosis. It is indicated for the treatment of postmenopausal women with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer for disease relapse or progression on or after adjuvant anti-oestrogen therapy. Fulvestrant was initially approved at a dose of 250 mg, however, the results of the CONFIRM trial led to approval of 500 mg dose (i.e. 500 mg on days 0, 14 and 28, then 500 mg every 28 days). Fulvestrant has also shown superiority over anastrozole as first-line therapy in the phase II trial. There are contrasting data for its efficacy when used in combination with anastrozole. It is well tolerated, with no significant difference with respect to the toxicity profile of other hormonal therapies. Treatment with fulvestrant is not associated with any clinically significant effects on sex hormone levels, bone-specific turnover markers or endometrial thickening. Fulvestrant has been recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the European School of Oncology guidelines as a treatment option in first- and second-line management of hormone-receptor positive breast cancer.
An input-free V/sub TP/ and -V/sub TN/ extractor circuits realized on the same chip (2002)

The paper describes a self-biased CMOS transistor circuit with two outputs providing the transistor threshold voltages, V/sub TP/ and -V/sub TN/. The outputs are referenced to the same V/sub DD/ supply line. The circuit can be used as a test device.
Zwitterionic Metalates of Group 11 Elements and Their Use as Metalloligands for the Assembly of Multizwitterionic Clusters (2005)

Reaction of RNHC(S)PPh2NPPh2C(S)NR (HRSNS; R = Me, Et) with M(I) (M = Cu, Ag, Au) salts afforded zwitterionic complexes of the general formula [M(RSNS)] (M = Cu, Ag, Au). The ligand was found in the solid state in S,S-kappa2 and S,N,S-kappa3 coordination fashions. [Cu(RSNS)] and [Ag(RSNS)] can be used as metalloligand building blocks for the assembly of pentanuclear multizwitterionic Cu5, Cu3Ag2 and Ag5 core clusters of the general formula [M'2{M(RSNS)}3]2+ (M = Cu, M' = Cu, Ag; M = M' = Ag) upon reaction with suitable M' salts. The crystal structures of the most significant compounds are reported herein. Compound [Ag2{Ag(RSNS)}2(OTf)2] was also isolated and structurally characterized, representing a model for the intermediate species of the aforementioned assembly.
Chapitre IV. Étude du milieu biologique : les variétés de riz et leur amélioration (1995)

Avec l’alimentation en eau, la fertilisation et la préparation du sol, le choix de la variété est un facteur essentiel du rendement. Le grand intérêt de l’amélioration génétique, dans un pays pauvre, c’est qu’elle est toujours économiquement réalisable, le changement de semence n’étant qu’une petite dépense dans l’ensemble des frais de culture. Mais elle nécessite de longues et patientes recherches, à peine ébauchées. Nous ne nous étendrons pas sur le problème des variétés, objet d’études spé...
Hand Washing Video Dataset Annotated According to the World Health Organization's Handwashing Guidelines (2021)

<strong>Overview:</strong> This is a large-scale real-world dataset with videos recording medical staff washing their hands as part of their normal job duties in the Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital. There are 3185 hand washing episodes in total, each of which is annotated by up to seven different persons. The annotations classify the washing movements according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) guidelines by marking each frame in each video with a certain movement code. This dataset is part on three dataset series all following the same format: https://zenodo.org/record/4537209 - data collected in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital https://zenodo.org/record/5808764 - data collected in Jurmala Hospital https://zenodo.org/record/5808789 - data collected in the Medical Education Technology Center (METC) of Riga Stradins University <strong>Applications: </strong>The intention of this dataset is twofold: to serve as a basis for training machine learning classifiers for automated hand washing movement recognition and quality control, and to allow to investigate the real-world quality of washing performed by working medical staff. <strong>Statistics:</strong> Frame rate: 30 FPS Resolution: 320x240 and 640x480 Number of videos: 3185 Number of annotation files: 6690 Movement codes (both in CSV and JSON files): 1: Hand washing movement — Palm to palm 2: Hand washing movement — Palm over dorsum, fingers interlaced 3: Hand washing movement — Palm to palm, fingers interlaced 4: Hand washing movement — Backs of fingers to opposing palm, fingers interlocked 5: Hand washing movement — Rotational rubbing of the thumb 6: Hand washing movement — Fingertips to palm 7: Turning off the faucet with a paper towel 0: Other hand washing movement Additional annotations (in JSON files only): Armband or watch present Ring present Long nails present <strong>Acknowledgments: </strong>The dataset collection was funded by the Ministry of Education and Science, Republic of Latvia, project “Integration of reliable technologies for protection against Covid-19 in healthcare and high-risk areas”, project No. VPP-COVID-2020/1-0004. <strong>References: </strong>For more detailed information, see this article: <em>M. Lulla, A. Rutkovskis, A. Slavinska, A. Vilde, A. Gromova, M. Ivanovs, A. Skadins, R. Kadikis and A. Elsts. Hand Washing Video Dataset Annotated According to the World Health Organization’s Handwashing Guidelines. Submitted to MDPI Data, 2021.</em> <strong>Contact information: </strong>atis.elsts@edi.lv
3D optical interconnects for high-speed interchip and interboard communications (1994)

Metal-based communications between subsystems and chips has become the limiting factor in high-speed computing. Maturing optics-based technologies offer advantages that may unplug this bottleneck. Optical interconnects offer high-speed computers key advantages over metal interconnects. These include (1) high spatial and temporal bandwidths, (2) high-speed transmission, (3) low crosstalk independent of data rates, and (4) high interconnect densities. Although faster device switching speeds will eventually be necessary for future massively parallel computing systems, the deciding factor in determining system performance and cost will be subsystem communications rather than device speed. Free-space optical interconnects, by virtue of their inherent parallelism, high data bandwidth, small size and power requirement, and relative freedom from mutual interference of signals, already show great promise in replacing metal interconnects to solve communication problems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hybrid PS-V Technique: A Novel Sensor Fusion Approach for Fast Mobile Eye-Tracking With Sensor-Shift Aware Correction (2017)

This paper introduces and evaluates a novel hybrid technique that fuses two eye-tracking methodologies: photosensor oculography and video oculography. The main concept of the technique is to use a few fast and power-economic photosensors as the core mechanism for performing high speed eye-tracking, while in parallel, operate a video sensor at low sampling rate (snapshot mode) to perform dead-reckoning error correction when sensor shifts occur. We present and evaluate the functional components of the proposed technique using model-based simulation. Our experiments are performed for different scenarios involving combinations of horizontal and vertical eye movements and sensor shifts. Our evaluation shows that the proposed technique can be used to provide robustness to sensor shifts that otherwise could induce error larger than 5°. Our analysis suggests that the technique can be potentially employed to enable high speed eye tracking at low power profiles, making it suitable for use in emerging head-mounted devices, e.g., AR/VR headsets.
Voice activity detection for GSM adaptive multi-rate codec (2003)

This paper describes the VAD (voice activity detection) for controlling DTX (discontinuous transmission) of the GSM AMR (adaptive multi-rate) speech codec. The algorithm is based on spectral estimation and periodicity detection. The VAD contains a 9-band IIR filter bank, which divides input signals into frequency bands. The signal level at each band is calculated. Background noise is estimated in each sub-band. The VAD decision is computed by comparing input signal level and background noise estimate. The algorithm incorporates novel methods to estimate background noise and to detect periodic components based on open-loop pitch gain. A new method is also derived to detect correlated complex signals like music.
Calcium-sensing receptor dimerizes in the endoplasmic reticulum: biochemical and biophysical characterization of CASR mutants retained intracellularly (2006)

Calcium-sensing receptor (CASR), expressed in parathyroid gland and kidney, is a critical regulator of extracellular calcium homeostasis. This G protein-coupled receptor exists at the plasma membrane as a homodimer, although it is unclear at which point in the biosynthetic pathway dimerization occurs. To address this issue, we have analyzed wild-type and mutant CASRs harboring R66H, R66C or N583X-inactivating mutations identified in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia/neonatal severe hyperparathyroid patients, which were transiently expressed in kidney cells. All mutants were deficient in cell signaling responses to extracellular CASR ligands relative to wild-type. All mutants, although as well expressed as wild-type, lacked mature glycosylation, indicating impaired trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Dimerized forms of wild-type, R66H and R66C mutants were present, but not of the N583X mutant. By immunofluorescence confocal microscopy of non-permeabilized cells, although cell surface expression was observed for the wild-type, little or none was seen for the mutants. In permeabilized cells, perinuclear staining was observed for both wild-type and mutants. By colocalization fluorescence confocal microscopy, the mutant CASRs were localized within the ER but not within the Golgi apparatus. By the use of photobleaching fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy, it was demonstrated that the wild-type, R66H and R66C mutants were dimerized in the ER, whereas the N583X mutant was not. Hence, constitutive CASR dimerization occurs in the ER and is likely to be necessary, but is not sufficient, for exit of the receptor from the ER and trafficking to the cell surface.
Health index synthetization and remaining useful life estimation for turbofan engines based on run-to-failure datasets (2016)

for turbofan engines based on run-to-failure datasets synteza wskanikw stanu tecHnicznego oraz ocena pozostaego okresu uytkowania silnikw turbowentylatorowycH z wykorzystaniem zbiorw danycH o pracy do czasu uszkodzenia Turbofan engines will gradually degrade until failure occurs or life ends if without maintenance. Reliable degradation assessment and remaining useful life (RUL) estimation make sense on both aviation safety and rational maintenance decisions. This paper proposes a data-driven prognostic method on the premise of run-to-failure (RtF) data which are multivariate sensory data collected from the engines operating from normal to failure. After necessary pre-processing to the data, clustering analysis is executed to generate the clusters which represent the multi-states of the degradation process. The failure state cluster is extracted, and then the distance between the pre-processed data and the cluster is calculated. Therefore, one-dimensional time series are generated and defined as the health indices. Afterwards the degradation models are built based on the health indices. Finally, the RUL of a testing unit can be estimated by similarity analysis with the models. Hierarchical clustering (HC) and relevance vector machine (RVM) are the main algorithms employed in this paper. To validate the proposition, a case study is performed on turbofan engines data from Prognostics Center of Excellence (PCoE) at NASA Ames Research Center, and sufficient comparisons were given.
Passive solar energy collector. Final report (1978)

The objective of this research program was to validate the applicability of Poroplastic filled with wax and other wax filled plastic host materials as volumetric absorbers of solar energy, storing energy as a result of phase change. Moreover, it is attempted to show that a passive solar collector/convector of the Trombe Wall type storing a meaningful amount of heat can be fabricated using these materials. The research findings were encouraging, indicating that multilayer elements would absorb sufficient energy when exposed to the December afternoon sun in New England to undergo phase change at about 125/sup 0/F. A second important finding was that the wax filled Poroplastic acts as a light valve upon undergoing phase change. Upon melting, optical transmission in the visible region of the spectrum increases by a factor of two making it possible to clearly see through the absorber layer. In the infrared portion of the spectrum, the change between radiant energy transmission from the liquid state to the solid state is a factor of 3 reduction. Thus, Poroplastic filled with wax can act as a passive curtain for Trombe Wall solar collectors isolating the warm wall surface of the solar collector from the nighttime sky as it solidifies. Reduction of nighttime radiation losses by this method could significantly improve performance of some types of solar energy systems. The research effort has shown that the goals of the encapsulated wax passive collector concept can be met and that such a collector/convector system can be designed and operated satisfactorily at reasonable cost. Based upon the results of the experimental work one estimates that such a collector could store between 240 and 300 Btu/ft/sup 2/ in the form of latent heat of fusion of the wax at a weight of 2.6 lbs per square foot for the absorber/storage portion of the collector.
Asymmetric Epoxidation of Simple Olefins with an Optically Active Molybdenum(<scp>VI</scp>) Peroxo Complex (1979)

Asymmetric syntheses of non-functionalized oxiranes can be accomplished with the aid of the new optically active MoVI peroxo complex (1). Thus e. g., propene, 1-butene, and 3-methyl-1-butene were epoxidized to the corresponding R-oxirane in ca. 29, 31, and 16% optical yield (enantiomeric excess). Previously, only activated olefins (styrenes, allyl alcohols, etc.) could be epoxidized asymmetrically.
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (2002)

Dr. Whang is Resident Physician, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. Dr. Lieberman is Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles. Reprint requests: Dr. Lieberman, Center for Health Sciences 76-134, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
A Novel Substrate Mimetic Inhibitor of PKB/Akt Inhibits Prostate Cancer Tumor Growth in Mice by Blocking the PKB Pathway (2007)

We describe a novel, potent peptide substrate mimetic inhibitor of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt). The compound selectively kills prostate cancer cells, in which PKB is highly activated, but not normal cells, or cancer cells in which PKB is not activated. The inhibitor induces apoptosis and inhibits the phosphorylation of PKB substrates in prostate cancer cell lines and significantly increases the efficacy of chemotherapy agents to induce prostate cancer cell death, when given in combination. In vivo, the inhibitor exhibits a strong antitumor effect in two prostate cancer mouse models. Moreover, treated animals develop significantly less lung metastases compared to untreated ones, and the effect is accompanied by a significant decrease in blood PSA [prostate-specific antigen] levels in treated animals. This compound and its potential analogues may be developed into novel, potent, and safe anticancer agents, both as stand-alone treatment and in combination with other chemotherapy agents.
Renewing the Middle School: The Early Success of Middle School Education (2009)

(2009). Renewing the Middle School: The Early Success of Middle School Education. Middle School Journal: Vol. 41, Fostering Good Decisions, pp. 4-9.