gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2-(Aminomethyl)phenols, a new class of saluretic agents. 1. Effects of nuclear substitution (1980)

A series of 2-(aminomethyl)phenols was synthesized and tested in rats and dogs for saluretic and diuretic activity. A number of these compounds exhibit a high order of activity on iv or po administration. The most active compounds belong to a subseries of 4-alkyl-6-halo derivatives of which 2, 2-(aminomethyl)-4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6-iodophenol, is the most active. Compound 2 also possesses significant antihypertensive activity, an adjunctive pharmacological parameter which distinguishes 2 from the other compounds prepared in this series. In addition, 2 displays both topical saluretic and antiinflammatory activities.
Study on reliability of room temperature vulcanization silicone rubber and conductive composite silicone rubber reinforced by silica (2011)

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is considered as a crucial environmental and reliability issue in electronic information industries, especially with the rapid development of information technology. Since electromagnetic signals are prone to be interfered by external electromagnetic radiation, it is urgent to take effective measures to reduce, or ultimately eliminate the electromagnetic interference. Electromagnetic shielding conductive silicone rubber hence attracts great attention based on such demands. In this paper, we report our fundamental studies on conductive polymer composite materials, i.e., adding different conductive filler into polymer to achieve required conductivity. Conductive polymer composite materials have been widely used in many different areas owing to its low cost and uncomplicated processing techniques. In order to achieve better performance, the two main components, silicone rubber and conductive filler, should both exhibit good performance and compatibility. This paper is focused on the room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber. The attempt to improve the performance of silicone rubber was based on the experimental efforts on formula design as well as processing improvement. The formula and processing of RTV silicone rubber with required performances was investigated from a series of comparative experiments. 85°C-85% RH aging, 100°C aging, and salt spray testing (SST) were different ways we employed to investigate the reliability of RTV silicone rubber and conductive silicone rubber. Several aspects of service performance were tested and characterized.
Qüestions metodològiques i conceptuals en l'elaboració de la xarxa d'espais naturals de la comarca d'Osona (2002)

L'article mostra el proces seguit per definir una metodologia que permeti definir una xarxa d'espais naturals (XEN) de la comarca d'Osona.

Osona esta inclosa en l'ambit de les comarques centrals, definit per la llei 1/1995, de 16 de marc, que preveu l'elaboracio d'un Pla territorial parcial (PTP) que abraca les comarques d'aquest ambit i el desenvolupament del qual es responsabilitat del Departament de Politica Territorial i Obres Publiques de la Generalitat de Catalunya (DPTOP).

La correcta elaboracio d'aquest PTP suposa la identificacio, definicio i delimitacio d'aquelles arees que, pel seu valor natural, paisatgistic i/o de connexio ecologica, calgui preservar del desenvolupament urbanistic del territori. La manca d'estudis de base especifics a la comarca d'Osona ha fet necessari un treball previ de definicio de la XEN de la comarca. D'aquesta manera, el DPTOP pot disposar d'un estudi de base util per al planejament territorial de la comarca, com a pas previ a la redaccio del Pla territorial parcial de les comarques centrals.

La metodologia dissenyada per definir la XEN d'Osona ha de permetre:
• Analitzar el patrimoni natural i el medi fisic de la comarca i identificar-ne els principals elements.
• Avaluar i determinar les arees, elements i processos que requereixen una determinada proteccio.
• Catalogar els dos elements basics de la XEN, els espais naturals de major interes i les connexions ecologiques i paisatgistiques entre espais.
• Establir les directrius generals i especifiques de planejament i gestio per a la XEN.
Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Hydrodissection (2016)

Nerve hydrodissection is a technique used when treating peripheral nerve entrapments. It involves using an anesthetic or solution such as saline to separate the nerve from the surrounding tissue, fascia, or adjacent structures. There are no high-level studies to determine the need or effectiveness of hydrodissection or to establish its safety. Low-level studies do demonstrate some effectiveness and safety for the technique, but further research is necessary.
Integrated process management: from planning to work execution (2005)

Project management tools are used to manage projects from time as well as from resource leveling perspectives. Workflow management systems guide users through processes by driving the processes based on formal process definitions also called workflow types. This paper describes integrated process management system that will integrate project management, business process modeling, simulation and workflow technologies in order to support scheduled workflow execution. The target will be achieved by utilizing a tool for modeling work processes which can semi automatically generate workflow processes based on scheduling tool and then exported it to workflow engine via web services using XML process definition language (XPDL). Addition of simulation capability allows testing workflows before deployment.
Comparison of statistical methods commonly used in predictive modelling (2004)

Logistic Multiple Regression, Principal Component Regression and Classification and Regression Tree Analysis (CART), commonly used in ecological modelling using GIS, are compared with a relatively new statistical technique, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS), to test their accuracy, reliability, implementation within GIS and ease of use. All were applied to the same two data sets, covering a wide range of conditions common in predictive modelling, namely geographical range, scale, nature of the predictors and sampling method. We ran two series of analyses to verify if model validation by an independent data set was required or cross‐validation on a learning data set sufficed. Results show that validation by independent data sets is needed. Model accuracy was evaluated using the area under Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (AUC). This measure was used because it summarizes performance across all possible thresholds, and is independent of balance between classes. MARS and Regression Tree Analysis achieved the best prediction success, although the CART model was difficult to use for cartographic purposes due to the high model complexity.
Hepatitis C virus entry: molecular mechanisms and targets for antiviral therapy (2009)

With an estimated 170 million infected individuals, hepatitis C virus (HCV) has a major impact on public health. The liver is the primary target organ of HCV, and the hepatocyte is its primary target cell. Attachment of the virus to the cell surface followed by viral entry is the first step in a cascade of interactions between the virus and the target cell that is required for successful entry into the cell and initiation of infection. Using recombinant HCV envelope glycoproteins and HCV pseudotype particles, several cell surface molecules have been identified interacting with HCV during viral binding and entry. These include CD81, highly sulfated heparan sulfate, the low-density lipoprotein receptor, scavenger receptor class B type I and claudin-1. Treatment options for chronic HCV infection are limited and a vaccine to prevent HCV infection is not available. Interfering with HCV entry holds promise for drug design and discovery as the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying HCV interaction with the host cell is advancing. The complexity of the virus entry process offers several therapeutic targets.
Use of Natural Lipids to Accelerate Ripening and Enhance Storage Life of Tomato Fruit with and without Ethephon (1993)

A natural lipid, lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), was used as a tomato fruit ripening agent. The effect of this compound on hastening the ripening and on the defoliation of the `Heinz 7155' processing tomato and the Glamour fresh-market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was compared to the effect of ethephon. Vines were sprayed to runoff in the field with a hand sprayer and fruits were harvested 2 weeks or 20 days later in a single harvest operation. LPE (100 mg liter -1 ) accelerated ripening of both processing and fresh-market tomatoes without defoliation. LPE-treated tomatoes had a better shelf life than the control or ethephon-treated fruit, whether they were harvested at the breaker, pink, or red stage of maturity. The combination of LPE and ethephon (100 mg liter -1 ) enhanced tomato ripening without damaging the foliage, suggesting that LPE can mitigate the undesirable effects of ethephon on foliage and the fruit. The LPE-related lipid phosphatidyldimethylethanol-amine dipalmitoyl (PDED) also was able to enhance some aspects of keeping quality of tomato fruits, but was not able to enhance fruit ripening. Phosphatidylethanolamine was not as effective as LPE or PDED. It appears that the active molecule of this natural lipid is the lyso form. Our results provide evidence that LPE can enhance tomato fruit ripening and postharvest storage life of vine-ripe fruits and fruits picked at early ripeness stages.
The requirement for Notch signaling at the β-selection checkpoint in vivo is absolute and independent of the pre–T cell receptor (2006)

Genetic inactivation of Notch signaling in CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative (DN) thymocytes was previously shown to impair T cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement and to cause a partial block in CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (DP) thymocyte development in mice. In contrast, in vitro cultures suggested that Notch was absolutely required for the generation of DP thymocytes independent of pre-TCR expression and activity. To resolve the respective role of Notch and the pre-TCR, we inhibited Notch-mediated transcriptional activation in vivo with a green fluorescent protein-tagged dominant-negative Mastermind-like 1 (DNMAML) that allowed us to track single cells incapable of Notch signaling. DNMAML expression in DN cells led to decreased production of DP thymocytes but only to a modest decrease in intracellular TCRbeta expression. DNMAML attenuated the pre-TCR-associated increase in cell size and CD27 expression. TCRbeta or TCRalphabeta transgenes failed to rescue DNMAML-related defects. Intrathymic injections of DNMAML(-) or DNMAML(+) DN thymocytes revealed a complete DN/DP transition block, with production of DNMAML(+) DP thymocytes only from cells undergoing late Notch inactivation. These findings indicate that the Notch requirement during the beta-selection checkpoint in vivo is absolute and independent of the pre-TCR, and it depends on transcriptional activation by Notch via the CSL/RBP-J-MAML complex.
Functionalization at the double-bond region of jojoba wax. 4. All-trans-jojoba wax and its derivatives (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFunctionalization at the double-bond region of jojoba wax. 4. All-trans-jojoba wax and its derivativesArnon ShaniCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1986, 25, 1, 78–82Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300021a017https://doi.org/10.1021/i300021a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
THE EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS, LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE ON FLAVOUR PRODUCTION IN CELERY TISSUE CULTURES (1984)

S ummary Cell suspensions of celery ( Apium graveolens L.) were subcultured on media containing a range of auxins and antiauxins to replace 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D). Where the cultures showed a low growth rate and became green, the cells and media contained flavour compounds, the phthalides (3‐butyl phthalide and sedanenolide) and other terpenoid compounds. Maximum secondary product synthesis and greening was in media which contained 3,5‐dichlorophenoxy‐acetic acid (3,5‐D). In order to stimulate flavour synthesis in cultures in a medium containing 2,4‐D, the cultures were exposed to different fight and temperature regimes for varying periods during their growth cycle. Although growth was reduced in darkness and at high (30 °C) and intermediate (20 °C) temperatures, no stimulation of phthalide and terpenoid synthesis occurred. However, when the cultures were maintained at 4 °C for the first 5 d of the growth cycle and then transferred to 25 °C, phthalides and other terpenoids, particularly limonene, were released into the medium. An analysis of aggregated and finely dispersed cells on a 2,4‐D medium showed the aggregates contained phthalides and terpenoids, but these were not present in the dispersed cells. It is suggested that the altered internal cell environment in the green, aggregated or temperature stressed cells contributed to the ability of the cells to synthesize secondary products.
Time-Based Arrival Management for Dual Threshold Operation and Continous Descent Approaches (2009)

The paper deals with the successive application of time-based arrival management and automatic arrival-departure-coordination. DLR’s arrival manager 4D-CARMA supports approach controllers with sequence and advisory information during two time-based human-in-the-loop experiments: First 4D-CARMA was used for dual threshold operation on a parallel runway system operated in mixed mode for arrivals and departures. \nThe dual threshold operation was performed within the context of the OPTIMAL project of the European commission. Particular consideration is given in this paper to the validation exercises performed with three different European controller teams. An increase of the inbound flow of 3 to 4 arrivals per hour without negative impact on the outbound flow and on controller workload is possible if automatic arrival-departure-coordination together with advisory information is provided to the controllers. \n In an additional human-in-the loop experiment 4D-CARMA supports the controllers to integrate unequipped aircraft into a stream of 4D equipped ones performing a user-preferred CDA approach.\n
<i>In vivo</i>optical characterization of human tissues from 610 to 1010 nm by time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy (2001)

A fully automated system for time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy based on tunable mode-locked laser sources and on time-correlated single-photon counting for the detection of time-resolved reflectance data was applied to the evaluation of the optical properties of biological tissues (arm, abdomen and forehead) in vivo from 610 to 1010 nm. The scattering decreases progressively with increasing wavelength, while the absorption line shapes show the typical spectral features of the principal tissue components (haemoglobin, water and lipid), with different weights depending on the tissue type. The best fit of the absorption spectra measured in vivo with the spectra of the pure constituents yielded information on the percentage composition of the different tissues. The interpretation of transport scattering spectra with Mie theory provided information on tissue structure.
Single-shot parallel four-step phase shifting using on-axis Fizeau interferometry (2012)

The purposes of the paper are threefold: (1) to show the possibility to perform parallel phase-shifting Fizeau interferometry by using a quarter waveplate with high flatness as a reference, (2) to present a comparative study between the phase-shifting algorithm and the off-axis geometry in surface microtopography measurement, and (3) to show the advantages of using the proposed common path Fizeau interferometry over the quasi-common path Michelson interferometry in terms of accuracy in measurement. The compelling advantage of the proposed parallel phase-shifting Fizeau interferometric technique is the long-term stability that leads to measuring objects with a high degree of accuracy.
Planar FRET detection from biomolecules on an optofluidic chip (2010)

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is one of the powerful tools used to study the dynamics of biomolecules. By monitoring the energy transferred from a donor fluorophore to an acceptor fluorophore, one can determine the spatial proximity between the fluorophores on the nanometer scale and thus extract information regarding interactions between biomolecules. Here we demonstrate a novel way of measuring FRET from oligonucleotides using an integrated optofluidic chip containing a planar liquid-core waveguide that can guide liquid and light simultaneously. FRET experiments were carried out using fluorescein and Cy3 labeled oligonucleotides FRET pairs. An excitation laser was fiber-coupled to a solid-core waveguide perpendicular to the chip's liquid-core channel. A FRET efficiency of 50% was measured in good agreement with bulk microscopy experiments. By photobleaching the acceptors and manipulating the fluidic flow, we also demonstrated controllable FRET events: an increase in donor signal, a decrease in acceptor signal and the recovery of FRET due to the influx of new FRET pairs. The flexibility of our chip design also allows for improvements such as separate donor and acceptor detection at either chip end using integrated filters.
Laser surface treatment of high-phosphorus cast iron (1985)

Samples of high-phosphorous cast iron were treated with a cw CO2 laser to produce superficial martensitic layers by transformation hardening and superficial ledeburitic layers by surface melting. These layers were tested for resistance to cavitation erosion by magnetostrictive vibratory cavitation analysis. Both the ledeburitic and martensitic layers were found to be less prone to cavitation erosion than the untreated surface.
<i>Sox6</i>is a candidate gene for<i>p</i><sup><i>100H</i></sup>myopathy, heart block, and sudden neonatal death (2000)

The mouse p locus encodes a gene that functions in normal pigmentation. We have characterized a radiation-induced mutant allele of the mouse p locus that is associated with a failure-to-thrive syndrome, in addition to diminished pigmentation. Mice homozygous for this mutant allele, p(100H), show delayed growth and die within 2 wk after birth. We have discovered that the mutant mice develop progressive atrioventricular heart block and significant ultrastructural changes in both cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. These observations are common characteristics described in human myopathies. The karyotype of p(100H) chromosomes indicated that the mutation is associated with a chromosome 7 inversion. We demonstrate here that the p(100H) chromosomal inversion disrupts both the p gene and the Sox6 gene. Normal Sox6 gene expression has been examined by Northern blot analysis and was found most abundantly expressed in skeletal muscle in adult mouse tissues, suggesting an involvement of Sox6 in muscle maintenance. The p(100H) mutant is thus a useful animal model in the elucidation of myopathies at the molecular level.
Copper, lithium, and hydrogen passivation of boron in<i>c</i>-Si (1990)

The geometries and chemical structures of lithium- and copper-passivated substitutional B in crystalline Si are calculated and compared to the ones of hydrogen-passivated B. The calculations are done at the approximate ab initio several clusters. In contrast to H which bridges an acceptor-Si bond and forms a stronger bond with Si than with the acceptor, Li and Cu are at the antibonding site to the boron atom, and form Li-B and Cu-B bonds. Their wave functions overlap with several host atoms. The results show that copper is a viable candidate as the observed passivator X.
Environmental control of invasiveness and metastatic dissemination of tumor cells: the role of tumor cell-host cell interactions (2010)

Recent advances in tumor biology led to the realization that, in order to understand the mechanisms involved in proliferation and invasion of tumor cells, an analysis of the complex interactions that tumor cells establish with host cells of tumor microenvironment is required. The bidirectional interactions between tumor cells and components of tumor microenvironment, in particular endothelial cells, cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage and fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, play a critical role in most of the events that characterize tumor progression and metastasis. Interactions between these "reactive" normal cells and the genetically altered tumor cells, by either cell-to-cell contacts or soluble mediators, control the most aspects of tumor formation and progression. This review addresses some of the experimental evidences documenting that tumor cells may influence host cells of their own microenvironment by triggering changes that facilitate their local as well as distant dissemination. Therefore, it focuses on macrophages and fibroblasts that, upon stimulation by tumor cells, change their state towards a tumor-promoting-like phenotype.
Anger Among Prospective Adoptive Parents: Structural Determinants and Management Strategies (1989)

This paper focuses on anger experienced by prospective adoptive parents as they go through infertility and the formal adoption process. Qualitative interviews were done with seventy-four infertile couples who were at various stages in their consideration of adoption. Using a sociology of emotions perspective, I examine the source of their anger by focusing on the structural power imbalance between infertile couples and the physicians and adoption agency personnel to whom they turn for help in becoming parents. I analyze the way that this power unbalance constrains their anger and examine the way it is managed according to the &quot;feeling rules &quot; that then come into play. The implications of this anger for practice are discussed. The anger experienced by prospective adoptive parents as they go through infertility and the formal adoption process will be examined along two axes. First, the structural power imbalance between infertile couples and those who they turn to for help in becoming parents will be considered. Typically, couples turn to, and become dependent on, physicians for help in becoming biological
Gain Improvement of Enhancement-Mode AlGaN/GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors Using Dual-Gate Architecture (2008)

We demonstrate a dual-gate (DO) AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) structure with enhancement-mode (E-mode) operation. The DO device consists of an E-mode gate and a depletion-mode (D-mode) gate instead of the dual D-mode gate electrodes used in previously reported works; thus no negative voltage supply is required when the DO device is used in amplifier circuits. The E-mode DO HEMTs exhibit similar DC characteristics to E-mode single-gate devices but show a 9 dB gain improvement at 2.1 GHz under the same bias conditions. The power gain improvement can be attributed to the higher output impedance and lower feedback capacitance in the DO structure.