gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Sequence and Structural Properties on 14-Helical β-Peptide Activity against <i>Candida albicans</i> Planktonic Cells and Biofilms (2009)

Beta-peptides (beta-amino acid oligomers) that mimic the amphiphilic, helical, and cationic properties of natural antimicrobial peptides have previously been shown to display antifungal activity against planktonic Candida albicans cells. Beta-peptides offer several advantages over conventional peptides composed of alpha-amino acid residues, including conformational stability, resistance to proteases, and activity at physiological salt concentrations. We examined sequence-activity relationships toward both planktonic C. albicans cells and C. albicans biofilms, and the results suggest a toxicity mechanism involving membrane disruption. A strategy for fluorescently labeling a beta-peptide without diminishing antifungal activity was devised; labeled beta-peptides penetrated the cell membrane and accumulated in the cytoplasm of both planktonic and biofilm-associated cells. The labeled beta-peptide was detected only in metabolically inactive cells, which suggests that beta-peptide entry is correlated with cell death. The presence of a beta-peptide at a concentration near the minimum inhibitory concentration completely prevented planktonic C. albicans cells from forming a biofilm, suggesting that beta-peptides may be useful in preventing fungal colonization and biofilm formation.
XCIV.—The thermal decomposition of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde (1905)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
New design concepts for silencing aeroacoustic wind tunnels (1992)

The vehicle wind tunnel at the University of Stuttgart is presently silenced so as to enable aeroacoustic testing both inside and outside the test objects at speeds up to 268 km/h. A novel silencer concept makes use of membrane absorbers as extremely thin splitters for the low frequencies and of the bending vanes suitably jacketed by porous material for the high frequencies. This U-bend silencer was optimized in both its aerodynamic and acoustic performance by extensive model and full-scale laboratory tests. It will enable the wind tunnel to be operated at its design speed with the permanent silencers reducing the fan noise by more than 30 dB in a sufficiently broad range of frequencies. For the acoustic lining of the open test section, a new type of acoustic broadband absorber was developed which requires a minimum in space and has again even and smooth surfaces in order to avoid any interference with the flow.
BLEWS: Using Blogs to Provide Context for News Articles (2021)

An overwhelming number of news articles are available every day via the internet. Unfortunately, it is impossible for us to peruse more than a handful; furthermore it is difficult to ascertain an article's social context, i.e., is it popular, what sorts of people are reading it, etc. In this paper, we develop a system to address this problem in the restricted domain of political news by harnessing implicit and explicit contextual information from the blogosphere. Specifically, we track thousands of blogs and the news articles they cite, collapsing news articles that have highly overlapping content. We then tag each article with the number of blogs citing it, the political orientation of those blogs, and the level of emotional charge expressed in the blog posts that link to the news article. We summarize and present the results to the user via a novel visualization which displays this contextual information; the user can then find the most popular articles, the articles most cited by liberals, the articles most emotionally discussed in the political blogosphere, etc.
Hypomethylation Status of CpG Sites at the Promoter Region and Overexpression of the Human MDR1 Gene in Acute Myeloid Leukemias (1998)

Selection of human cells for resistance to vincristine or doxorubicin often induces overexpression of the multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1), which encodes the cell surface P-glycoprotein, as a result of gene amplification or transcriptional activation. Moreover, overexpression of the MDR1 gene has been shown to be associated closely with clinical outcome in various hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the precise mechanism underlying overexpression of the MDR1 gene during acquisition of drug resistance remains unclear. We recently described an inverse correlation between the methylation status of CpG sites at the promoter region and expression of the MDR1 gene in malignant cell lines. In this study, we expanded this analysis to 42 clinical AML samples. We adapted a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for gene expression and a quantitative PCR after digestion by Hpa II for methylation status of the MDR1 gene. We observed a statistically significant inverse correlation between methylation and MDR1 expression in clinical samples. The hypomethylation status of the MDR1 promoter region might be a necessary condition for MDR1 gene overexpression and establishment of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in AML patients.
Tb<sup>3+</sup>→Eu<sup>3+</sup> Energy Transfer in Mixed-Lanthanide-Organic Frameworks (2012)

In this work, we report a theoretical and experimental investigation of the energy transfer mechanism in two isotypical 2D coordination polymers, ∞[(Tb1–xEux)(DPA)(HDPA)], where H2DPA is pyridine 2,6-dicarboxylic acid and x = 0.05 or 0.50. Emission spectra of ∞[(Tb0.95Eu0.05)(DPA)(HDPA)] and ∞[(Tb0.5Eu0.5)(DPA)(HDPA)], (1) and (2), show that the high quenching effect on Tb3+ emission caused by Eu3+ ion indicates an efficient Tb3+→Eu3+ energy transfer (ET). The kET of Tb3+→ Eu3+ ET and rise rates (kr) of Eu3+ as a function of temperature for (1) are on the same order of magnitude, indicating that the sensitization of the Eu3+ 5D0 level is highly fed by ET from the 5D4 level of Tb3+ ion. The ηET and R0 values vary in the 67–79% and 7.15 to 7.93 Å ranges. Hence, Tb3+ is enabled to transfer efficiently to Eu3+ that can occupy the possible sites at 6.32 and 6.75 Å. For (2), the ET processes occur on average with ηET and R0 of 97% and 31 Å, respectively. Consequently, Tb3+ ion is enabled to transfer energy to Eu3+ localized at different layers. The theoretical model developed by Malta was implemented aiming to insert more insights about the dominant mechanisms involved in the ET between lanthanides ions. Calculated single Tb3+→ Eu3+ ETs are three orders of magnitude inferior to those experimentally; however, it can be explained by the theoretical model that does not consider the role of phonon assistance in the Ln3+→ Ln3+ ET processes. In addition, the Tb3+→ Eu3+ ET processes are predominantly governed by dipole–dipole (d–d) and dipole–quadrupole (d–q) mechanisms.
Studies on the biosynthesis of surfactin, a lipopeptide antibiotic from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 21332 (1988)

The biosynthesis of the lipopeptide antibiotic surfactin was studied in whole cells of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21332 which incorporate 14C-labeled precursor amino acids directly into the product. [14C]Acetate appeared in the fatty acid portion of surfactin and was also partially converted into leucine. An enzyme was isolated and partially purified from a cell-free extract of the bacillus which catalyzes ATP-Pi-exchange reactions which are mediated by the amino acid components of surfactin. This activation pattern is consistent with a peptide synthesizing multienzyme which activates its substrate amino acids simultaneously as reactive aminoacyl phosphates.
Novel Molecular and Mechanical Properties of Egg Case Silk from Wasp Spider, <i>Argiope bruennichi</i> (2006)

Araneoid spiders use specialized abdominal glands to produce up to seven different protein-based silks/glues that have various mechanical properties. To date, the fibroin sequences encoding egg case fibers have not been fully determined. To gain further understanding of a recently reported spider silk protein gene family, several novel strategies were utilized in this study to isolate two full-length cDNAs of egg case silk proteins, cylindrical silk protein 1 (CySp1, 9.1 kb) and cylindrical silk protein 2 (CySp2, 9.8 kb), from the wasp spider, Argiope bruennichi. Northern blotting analysis demonstrated that CySp1 and CySp2 are selectively expressed in the cylindrical glands. The amino acid composition of raw egg case silk was closely consistent with the deduced amino acid composition based on the sequences of CySp1 and CySp2, which supports the assertion that CySp1 and CySp2 represent two major components of egg case silk. CySp1 and CySp2 are primarily composed of remarkable homogeneous assemble repeats that are 180 residues in length and consist of several complex subrepeats, and they contain highly homologous C-termini and markedly different N-termini. Our results suggest a possible link between CySp1 and CySp2. In addition, comparisons of stress/strain curves for dragline and egg case silk from Argiope bruennichi showed obvious differences in ultimate strength and extensibility, and similarities in toughness.
c-fos oncogene expression in human hematopoietic malignancies is restricted to acute leukemias with monocytic phenotype and to subsets of B cell leukemias (1987)

To evaluate relationships between c-fos proto-oncogene expression and specific lineages of hematopoietic differentiation we analyzed the constitutive and TPA-induced expression of the c-fos gene in a wide variety of fresh human leukemic cells. High constitutive c-fos expression was detected in acute leukemias with monocytic phenotype (FAB M4/M5) and in subsets of B lymphoid leukemias, some of which coexpressed B lymphocytic and monocytic markers. Conversely, low basal levels of c-fos transcripts were found in pure acute granulocytic leukemias (FAB M1/M2/M3), in erythroleukemias (FAB M6), in the great majority of B, and in all T lymphoid leukemias. TPA-induced c-fos expression seems to correlate with monocytoid differentiation only when sustained levels of transcripts (ie, detectable for at least 24 hours) were detected. Sustained c-fos expression was in fact observed only in those myeloid or lymphoid cells that acquired a stable monocyte-like phenotype in response to the phorbol ester. These results indicate that high constitutive c-fos expression may identify myelomonocytic-oriented forms of leukemia, specific subsets of B lymphoid malignancies, and at least some cells terminally differentiated in vitro to a monocyte-like phenotype. c-fos oncogene expression can therefore be regarded as an additional marker for the subclassification of human leukemias.
Isolation of Diazacycloheptatetraenes from Thermal Nitrene-Nitrene Rearrangements' (1980)

315. (22) Hydrolysis of the acetate subunits occurred under the conditions of the alkylation [6-methoxytryptophyl bromide (3 equiv)/MeOH/K2C03/re- flux/25 h]. 6-Methoxytryptophyl bromide was prepared by treatment of 6-methoxytryptophol with PBr3. This alcohol was prepared by LiAIH4 re- duction of the methyl ester corresponding to the known6 2-(3-indoIyl)-2- oxoacetyl chloride. (23) (a) Wenkert, E.; Wickberg, B.
Titanium Alloys for Biomaterial Application: An Overview (1983)

Titanium and its alloys have been commercially available for over three decades. Its high strength-to-weight ratio plus its resistance to corrosion were recognized early and utilized by the aerospace and chemical industries, as well as by the medical profession. The benefits of corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, strength, and the ability to be incorporated by knitting bone make titanium a strong technical choice for use in surgery. In addition, the long-range availability of the metal and geopolitical stability of the nations where it is found make titanium a cost-effective implant material. The capacity of the titanium industry can be significantly increased within 18 months, and the industry currently has the capability and expertise to perform thermomechanical processing of titanium for implant manufacture.
A robust method for speech signal time-delay estimation in reverberant rooms (2002)

Conventional time-delay estimators exhibit dramatic performance degradations in the presence of multipath signals. This limits their application in reverberant enclosures, particularly when the signal of interest is speech and it may not possible to estimate and compensate for channel effects prior to time-delay estimation. This paper details an alternative approach which reformulates the problem as a linear regression of phase data and then estimates the time-delay through minimization of a robust statistical error measure. The technique is shown to be less susceptible to room reverberation effects. Simulations are performed across a range of source placements and room conditions to illustrate the utility of the proposed time-delay estimation method relative to conventional methods.
Settling characterisation using on-line sensors at a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (1999)

An on-line settlometer has been presented which automatically records sludge settling curves. From this curve the sensor deduces the initial hindered settling velocity (Vs). In order to evaluate the information gathered by the sensor, the instrument was used at an information rich full scale waste water treatment plant (Klagshamn, Sweden). This plant consists of a primary sedimentation tank followed by a single sludge post denitrification activated sludge system operated with an external carbon source. With the sensor a diurnal pattern could be detected in Vs. This pattern was mainly caused by the diurnal change in the sludge concentration. Using the Vesilind equation it was possible to standardise Vs for the sludge concentration. The variation in the standardised Vs&apos; was less than for the experimental Vs. Still it was possible to detect a decrease in Vs&apos; on nearly daily basis. At two of these instances rising sludge was detected in the settlometer during the 35 minutes lasting sedime...
FALACIAS ISLÁMICAS Y PROPUESTAS EDUCATIVAS PARA EUROPA (2005)

Se aproxima al mundo del Islam según la visión que tenemos como occidentales. Hoy día se nos presentan falacias provenientes del mundo de la izquierda que quiere imponer un laicismo islámico poco o nada comprometido con los derechos humanos. El Islam es una religión que propugna una sociedad teocrática y que se ayuda de cualquier mecanismo constitucional para establecer dichos principios. Propone también unas pautas para integrar a creyentes islámicos en la escuela, como son: potenciar el individuo, actividades de análisis, criticar todos en el aula las posturas intolerantes de otras confesiones religiosas y comparar esas posturas a lo largo de los siglos, entre otras. En definitiva, lo que se pretende es que se ayude a clarificar la 'Alianza de Civilizaciones' emprendida por el actual gobierno socialista.
An Embedded Architecture for Mission Control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (2006)

This paper presents an embedded hardware/software architecture specially designed to be applied on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). With the advent of emerging civil applications, a class of mini/micro UAVs is emerging. This type of UAVs shares the same limitations as most commercial embedded systems: space, power resources, computational requirements, complexity, etc. UAVs are automatically piloted by an embedded system named "flight control system". Many of those systems are available today, however no system exists nowadays that provides support to the actual mission that the UAV should perform. The architecture that we introduce in this work is specially designed to operate as payload and mission controller in the UAV
Information resources management in heterogeneous, distributed environments: A metadatabase approach (1991)

The core structure of a metadatabase system for information integration in heterogeneous and distributed environments, the global information resources dictionary (GIRD) model for unified metadata representation and management (both data and knowledge), is discussed. Overviews of metadatabase systems and the two-stage entity relationship (TSER) representation method are presented. To illustrate some major properties of the metadatabase model, and to show how the GIRD elements fit together to deliver these properties, manufacturing information management examples are given. The GIRD and the information resources dictionary system (IRDS) standard are compared.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On the Adequacy of Statecharts as a Source of Tests for Cryptographic Protocols (2008)

The effectiveness of statecharts as a tool to express the desired behavior of security protocols and a source of tests for their implementations was investigated. Specifically, TLS protocol was modeled as a statechart and tests generated from its flattened version. The GnuTLS implementation of the protocol was then tested against the generated tests. The MC/DC coverage of different components of the implementation varied from 51% to 81%. A "what if" analysis revealed that while some defects in the uncovered code will not lead to any security vulnerability due to in-built fault tolerance, others might lead to improper authentication, integrity failure, session hijacking, denial of service, and loss of confidentiality. The analysis suggests that statecharts alone might not be an adequate tool as a source of tests for implementations of security protocols and that tests so generated must be augmented through other formal means such as random testing, stress testing, and code coverage analysis.
A Breathing Atom‐Transfer Radical Polymerization: Fully Oxygen‐Tolerant Polymerization Inspired by Aerobic Respiration of Cells (2017)

The first well-controlled aqueous atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) conducted in the open air is reported. This air-tolerant ATRP was enabled by the continuous conversion of oxygen to carbon dioxide catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx), in the presence of glucose and sodium pyruvate as sequential sacrificial substrates. Controlled polymerization using initiators for continuous activator regeneration (ICAR) ATRP of oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA, M<sub>n</sub> =500) yielded polymers with low dispersity (1.09≤Đ≤1.29) and molecular weights (MWs) close to theoretical values in the presence of pyruvate. Without added pyruvates, lower MWs were observed due to generation of new chains by H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> formed by reaction of O<sub>2</sub> with GOx. Successful chain extension of POEOMA<sub>500</sub> macroinitiator with OEOMA<sub>300</sub> (Đ≤1.3) and Bovine Serum Albumin bioconjugates (Đ≤1.22) confirmed a well-controlled polymerization. The reactions in the open air in larger scale (25 mL) were also successful.
Turbulence control with local pacing and its implication in cardiac defibrillation (2007)

In this review article, we describe turbulence control in excitable systems by using a local periodic pacing method. The controllability conditions of turbulence suppression and the mechanisms underlying these conditions are analyzed. The local pacing method is applied to control Winfree turbulence (WT) and defect turbulence (DT) induced by spiral-wave breakup. It is shown that WT can always be suppressed by local pacing if the pacing amplitude and frequency are properly chosen. On the other hand, the pacing method can achieve suppression of DT induced by instabilities associated with the motions of spiral tips while failing to suppress DT induced by the instabilities of wave propagation far from tips. In the latter case, an auxiliary method of applying gradient field is suggested to improve the control effects. The implication of this local pacing method to realistic cardiac defibrillation is addressed.
Translational Optical Imaging (2012)

Optical imaging could play a major role in the move from imaging of structure and morphology to the visualization of the individual biologic processes underlying disease and could, therefore, contribute to more accurate diagnostics and improved treatment efficacy.
Detection and Inpainting of Specular Reflection in Colposcopic Images with Exemplar-based Method (2019)

Cervical cancer is the most common genital malignant tumor which seriously threats to women's health, especially in poor areas. As one of the screening methods for cervical lesions, colposcopy plays an important role in the early stage of cervical lesions. However, due to the physiological mucus in the human body, the specular reflection region (SR region) is often shown in a high-definition image obtained by doctors through a colposcopy. The expression of the highlight area in the colposcopic image has a certain similarity with the abnormal metaplasia epithelium (AW area, i.e. the lesion area), which leads to a series of problems in the medical image processing in the later stage, such as the segmentation of the lesion area, misdiagnosis by doctors, etc. Therefore, this paper proposed the exemplar-based inpainting method combining with the improved threshold method to detect the SR regions. In the experiment, 150 sets of data (50 pieces for different degrees of cervical lesions) were inpainted by this paper and the other two existing inpainting methods, and the results were compared with subjective and objective quality. The experiment showed that the exemplar-based method has better effect in removing the specular reflection in cervical images.
Experimental Observations on Flufenamic, Mefenamic, and Meclofenamic Acids (1966)

Experimental Observations on Flufenamic, Mefenamic, and Meclofenamic Acids Get access C. V. Winder, C. V. Winder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. H. Kaump, D. H. Kaump Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. J. Glazko, A. J. Glazko Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. L. Holmes E. L. Holmes Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rheumatology, Volume VIII, Issue suppl_1, January 1966, Pages 7–49, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/VIII.suppl_1.7 Published: 01 January 1966
Adjustment-free method to eliminate the noise induced by the backscattering in an optical passive ring-resonator gyro (1990)

An adjustment-free method to eliminate the noise induced by the interference between the signal wave and the backscattering in an optical passive ring-resonator gyro is proposed and demonstrated. In this method, the lightwave incident into the ring resonator is modulated by binary shift keying to eliminate its carrier component. This can easily be performed by using an acoustooptic modulator and a double balanced mixer. In the experiment, the noise is successfully reduced without any adjustment of the modulation parameters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Role of IGF-1 Receptor in Radiation Response (2012)

Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development and progression of cancer whose activation strongly promotes cell growth and survival. IGF-1R exerts its main actions through the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathways. In addition to their traditional roles, IGF-1R activation has been associated with increased radioresistance both in vitro and in vivo, although the molecular mechanisms behind this process are still unclear. Recently, IGF-1R has been associated to new partners as major vault proteins, BCL-2, BAX, or Ku70/80, related to radiochemotherapy resistance, regulation of apoptosis, and nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair. Here, we review these novel associations of IGF-1R trying to explain the resistance to radiotherapy mediated by IGF-1R. Finally, we revised the role of new therapies leading to block the receptor to enhance the efficacy of radiation.