gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
"Even" regioselectivity in [6 + 4] cycloadditions of unsymmetrical tropones with dienes (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticle"Even" regioselectivity in [6 + 4] cycloadditions of unsymmetrical tropones with dienesMichael E. Garst, Victoria A. Roberts, K. N. Houk, and Nelson G. RondanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 13, 3882–3884Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00325a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00325a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views308Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of preceding fricative on stop consonant perception (1981)

The effect of a preceding fricative on the perceived place of stop consonant articulation was investigated in a series of experiments. In experiment 1, we preceded synthetic syllables from two [tV]--[kV] continua with fricative noises appropriate to [integral of] or [s] and showed that more velar stops are perceived in the context of [s]. Experiment 1 also demonstrated a decrease in the magnitude of this perceptual context effect with increased temporal separation of fricative noise and CV portion, and with introduction of a vowel before the noise, which permitted a subjective syllable boundary after the fricative. Experiment 2 showed that although the effect of the fricative on stop perception declines initially with temporal separation, it may persist in reduced form over intervals as long as 375 ms. Experiment 3 replicated the basic fricative context effect using improved stimuli, but failed to replicate the reduction with an intervening syllable boundary obtained in experiment 1, which presumably was due to the vowel preceding the fricative. Experiments 4 and 5 revealed that the fricative context effect depends both on the phonetic category assigned to the fricative and on the specific spectral properties of the fricative noise. Experiment 5 also revealed a reciprocal effect of the stop consonant on fricative identification. We hypothesize that these perceptual effects serve to compensate for coarticulatory dependencies between stop consonants and preceding fricatives.
Precision Measurement of Loudspeaker Parameters (1997)

A body of techniques for the accurate and repeatable measurement of loudspeaker drive-unit electromechanical parameters is presented. Pneumatic pressure is used to move the diaphragm in order for position-dependent parameters to be measured over the full excursion range.
Glutathione deficiency leads to mitochondrial damage in brain. (1991)

Glutathione deficiency induced in newborn rats by giving buthionine sulfoximine, a selective inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, led to markedly decreased cerebral cortex glutathione levels and striking enlargement and degeneration of the mitochondria. These effects were prevented by giving glutathione monoethyl ester, which relieved the glutathione deficiency, but such effects were not prevented by giving glutathione, indicating that glutathione is not appreciably taken up by the cerebral cortex. Some of the oxygen used by mitochondria is known to be converted to hydrogen peroxide. We suggest that in glutathione deficiency, hydrogen peroxide accumulates and damages mitochondria. Glutathione, thus, has an essential function in mitochondria under normal physiological conditions. Observations on turnover and utilization of brain glutathione in newborn, preweaning, and adult rats show that (i) some glutathione turns over rapidly (t 1/2, approximately 30 min in adults, approximately 8 min in newborns), (ii) several pools of glutathione probably exist, and (iii) brain utilizes plasma glutathione, probably by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-initiated pathways that account for some, but not all, of the turnover; thus, there is recovery or transport of cysteine moieties. These studies provide an animal model for the human diseases involving glutathione deficiency and are relevant to oxidative phenomena that occur in the newborn.
Design of studies using DNA microarrays (2002)

DNA microarrays are assays that simultaneously provide information about expression levels of thousands of genes and are consequently finding wide use in biomedical research. In order to control the many sources of variation and the many opportunities for misanalysis, DNA microarray studies require careful planning. Different studies have different objectives, and important aspects of design and analysis strategy differ for different types of studies. We review several types of objectives of studies using DNA microarrays and address issues such as selection of samples, levels of replication needed, allocation of samples to dyes and arrays, sample size considerations, and analysis strategies.
Experimental investigation of the nonreciprocal phase shift of a transverse electric mode in a magneto-optic rib waveguide (1999)

Magnetic garnet films of composition (Nd,Lu,Bi)3(Fe,Al,Ga)5O12 are grown by liquid-phase epitaxy on [111] oriented substrates of gadolinium gallium garnet. They have positive uniaxial anisoptropy and support lattices of parallel stripe domains. A monomode optical rib waveguide is prepared by photolithography and ion-beam etching parallel to the (112̄) direction, which is the preferred direction of the stripe domains. A magnetic domain pattern can be created such that a domain wall is located at the rib center while the adjacent walls stick to the flanks of the rib. At a wavelength of 1.3 μm a nonreciprocal phase shift of the guided fundamental transverse electric mode is observed.
The GABA <sub>B</sub> receptor interacts directly with the related transcription factors CREB2 and ATFx (2000)

gamma-Aminobutyric acid type B (GABA(B)) receptors mediate the metabotropic actions of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. These seven-transmembrane receptors are known to signal primarily through activation of G proteins to modulate the action of ion channels or second messengers. The functional GABA(B) receptor is made up of a heterodimer consisting of two subunits, GABA(B)-R1 and GABA(B)-R2, which interact via coiled-coil domains in their C-terminal tails. By using a yeast two-hybrid approach, we have identified direct interactions between the C-terminal tails of GABA(B)-R1 and GABA(B)-R2 with two related transcription factors, CREB2 (ATF4) and ATFx. In primary neuronal cultures as well in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing GABA(B) receptors, CREB2 is localized within the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus. Activation of the GABA(B) receptor by the specific agonist baclofen leads to a marked translocation and accumulation of CREB2 from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. We demonstrate that receptor stimulation results in activation of transcription from a CREB2 responsive reporter gene. Such a signaling mechanism is unique among Family C G protein-coupled receptors and, in the case of the GABA(B) receptor and CREB2, may play a role in long-term changes in the nervous system.
Characteristics of aperture-coupled rectangulardielectric resonator antenna (1995)

Theoretical analysis of an aperture-coupled rectangular dielectric resonator antenna is presented. A model based on the modal expansion method and the spectral domain approach is developed. Numerical results for return losses and radiation patterns of the TE111y mode are compared with experimental data available in the literature and reasonable agreement between theory and experiment is obtained. This model is flexible as it enables studies to be made of the effects of parameters such as slot dimensions, slot displacement and stub length on input impedances.
Subtle Influence of ACE2 Glycan Processing on SARS-CoV-2 Recognition (2020)

The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection is highly variable and yet the molecular basis for this effect remains elusive. One potential contribution are differences in the glycosylation of target human cells, particularly as SARS-CoV-2 has the capacity to bind sialic acid which is a common, and highly variable, terminal modification of glycans. The viral spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 and the human cellular receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) are both densely glycosylated. We therefore sought to investigate whether the glycosylation state of ACE2 impacts the interaction with SARS-CoV-2 viral spike. We generated a panel of engineered ACE2 glycoforms which were analyzed by mass spectrometry to reveal the site-specific glycan modifications. We then probed the impact of ACE2 glycosylation on S binding and revealed a subtle sensitivity with hypersialylated or oligomannose-type glycans slightly impeding the interaction. In contrast, deglycosylation of ACE2 did not influence SARS-CoV-2 binding. Overall, ACE2 glycosylation does not significantly influence viral spike binding. We suggest that any role of glycosylation in the pathobiology of SARS-CoV-2 will lie beyond its immediate impact of receptor glycosylation on virus binding.
Mechanistic Studies of O<sub>2</sub>-Based Sulfoxidations Catalyzed by NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>/Br Systems (2011)

Many studies have noted that mixtures of nitrogen oxides (or oxyanions; NOx = NO3–, NO2–, NO–, etc.) and halide (particularly bromine) with or without a transition metal salt (most frequently, copper and iron complexes) are fast and highly selective catalysts for aerobic sulfoxidation and decontamination of many oxidizable toxic compounds. However, the lack of extensive and rigorous kinetic information has kept unequivocal mechanistic inferences on these important catalyst systems to a minimum. Through a series of spectroscopic and kinetics studies on NOx/bromine systems in acetonitrile, the following clarifying technical points have been established: (1) bromine is the reactive species in these oxidations; (2) nitrosonium and hypobromite are not kinetically important, (3) tribromide (Br3–) functions as a stable reservoir for Br2; (4) salts of Br3– and nitrate are stable, storable decontamination catalyst precursors; and (5) most importantly, the multiple complex roles of water (required for catalysts yet inhibitory at most concentrations) have been clarified.
Geometrical positioning approached for mobile location estimation (2010)

Wireless location is to determine the mobile station (MS) location in a wireless cellular communications system. When fewer base stations (BSs) may be available for location purposes or the measurements with large errors in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments, it is necessary to integrate all available heterogeneous measurements to achieve high location accuracy. This paper illustrates hybrid proposed schemes that combine time of arrival (TOA) at three BSs and angle of arrival (AOA) information at the serving BS to give a location estimate of the MS. The proposed schemes mitigate the NLOS effect simply by the weighted sum of the intersections between three TOA circles and the AOA line without requiring a priori information about the NLOS error. Simulation results show that the proposed methods can achieve better accuracy when compare with Taylor series algorithm (TSA) and the hybrid lines of position algorithm (HLOP).
Augmented Reality for Learning English: Achievement, Attitude and Cognitive Load Levels of Students (2014)

Bu çalışmada Artırılmış Gerçeklik (AG) uygulamaları ile İngilizce öğreniminde ortaokul öğrencilerinin başarı, tutum ve bilişsel yük düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda başarı düzeylerine göre öğrencilerin tutumları ve bilişsel yüklerinde farklılık olup olmadığı araştırılmış ve bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmada deneysel olmayan desenlerden nedensel karşılaştırmalı ve ilişkisel yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemi Erzurum ilinde 5 farklı ortaokulda 5. sınıf düzeyinde öğrenim görmekte olan 122 (66 erkek, 56 kız) öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde, betimsel ve kestirimsel analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda AG uygulamalarıyla İngilizce öğreniminden ortaokul öğrencilerinin memnun kaldıkları, kaygı düzeylerinin düşük olduğu ve gelecekte bu tür uygulamaların derslerinde kullanılmasını istedikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin AG öğrenme ortamındaki bireysel öğrenme sürecinde bilişsel yüklenmelerinin düşük düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada başarı düzeyi yüksek olan öğrencilerin AG uygulamalarına yönelik tutumlarının başarı düzeyi düşük olan öğrencilere göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olması da elde edilen diğer bir önemli sonuçtur. Bununla birlikte çalışmada tutum, başarı ve bilişsel yük düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiler detaylı olarak ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Investigations on the 4-Quinolone-3-carboxylic Acid Motif. 4. Identification of New Potent and Selective Ligands for the Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor with Diverse Substitution Patterns and Antihyperalgesic Effects in Mice (2011)

Experimental evidence suggests that selective CB2 receptor modulators may provide access to antihyperalgesic agents devoid of psychotropic effects. Taking advantage of previous findings on structure-activity/selectivity relationships for a class of 4-quinolone-3-carboxamides, further structural modifications of the heterocyclic scaffold were explored, leading to the discovery of the 8-methoxy derivative 4a endowed with the highest affinity and selectivity ever reported for a CB2 ligand. The compound, evaluated in vivo in the formalin test, behaved as an inverse agonist by reducing at a dose of 6 mg/kg the second phase of the formalin-induced nocifensive response in mice.
HL-A W27 — A Clue to the Diagnosis and Pathogenesis of Reiter's Syndrome (1974)

RECENTLY, an extraordinary correlation between the second-segregant series histocompatibility antigen (HL-A), W27, and a well characterized rheumatic disease, ankylosing spondylitis was reported.1 , 2 Indeed, 90 per cent of patients with the disease are W27 positive. Because ankylosing spondylitis has a strong heredofamilial distribution,3 and since the second-segregant series of HL-A antigens in certain animals is linked to immune-response genes,4 this highly important association suggests that the pathogenesis of the disease might be directly related to some aberrant, genetically controlled, cellular immune response.Reiter's syndrome is a puzzling disease with several features in common with ankylosing spondylitis — i.e., male predominance, young . . .
18.3: <i>Invited Paper:</i> Research on 7.56‐inch Foldable AMOLED and Relevant Foldable Technologies (2019)

A foldable 7.56‐inch display is introduced. According to the test results of the device, several key elements such as folding performance, pencil hardness, impact resistance and deformation, which might affect the foldable display into the market are discussed.
Lightwave neuromorphic signal processing (2011)

Spike processing devices for optical computational systems have the potential to be scalable, computationally powerful, and have high operation bandwidth. They open up a range of optical processing applications for which electronic processing is too slow. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of implementing simple photonic neuromorphic circuits, including the auditory localization algorithm of the barn owl, which is useful for LIDAR localization, and the crayfish tail-flip escape response. Our approach is based on a hybrid analog/digital computational primitive that elegantly implements the functionality of an integrate-and-fire neuron using a Ge-doped non-linear optical fiber and off-the-shelf semiconductor devices.
Ensemble Weight Enumerators for Protograph LDPC Codes (2006)

Recently, LDPC codes with projected graph, or protograph structures have been proposed. In this paper, finite length ensemble weight enumerators for LDPC codes with protograph structures are obtained. Asymptotic results are derived as the block size goes to infinity. In particular, we are interested in obtaining ensemble average weight enumerators for protograph LDPC codes which have typical minimum distance that grows linearly with block size. As with irregular ensembles, linear minimum distance property is sensitive to the proportion of degree-2 variable nodes. In this paper, the derived results on ensemble weight enumerators show that linear minimum distance condition on degree distribution of unstructured irregular LDPC codes is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for protograph LDPC codes
Myocardial repair by percutaneous cell transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblast as a stand alone procedure in post myocardial infarction chronic heart failure patients. (2006)

Percutaneous autologous skeletal myoblast injection is feasible, resulting in wall motion and functional class improvement, but is potentially associated with an increased risk for ventricular arrhythmias. Randomised studies are needed, however, to further assess overall safety, efficacy and the potential for initial increased risk for arrhythmia following cell injection in these high-risk patients.
Aliskiren, a Novel Orally Effective Renin Inhibitor, Provides Dose-Dependent Antihypertensive Efficacy and Placebo-Like Tolerability in Hypertensive Patients (2005)

Once-daily oral treatment with aliskiren lowers blood pressure effectively, with a safety and tolerability profile comparable to that of irbesartan and placebo, in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Aliskiren 150 mg is as effective as irbesartan 150 mg in lowering blood pressure.
QoS management by mobile agents in multimedia communication (2002)

We propose a mobile agent based QoS management system to satisfy the five functional principles of QoS architecture, i.e., integration, separation, transparency, asynchronous resource management and performance. The mobile agent paradigm is a unique paradigm in contrast to the traditional client/server paradigm in a problem inherently distributed and complex, such as QoS management. This paradigm saves a considerable amount of bandwidth and reduces network traffic. We present analytical and simulation models of a mobile agent based bandwidth negotiation and management system for multimedia communication. Response time of the mobile agent is computed with different number of retransmissions and the intermediate "hops" for both the models. It is observed that the response time of the agent increases with the increase in the number of retransmissions and the hops. We also show that the increase in the arrival of mobile agents would affect the admission of new multimedia applications.
Delaying Defibrillation to Give Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation to Patients With Out-of-Hospital Ventricular Fibrillation (2003)

Compared with standard care for ventricular fibrillation, CPR first prior to defibrillation offered no advantage in improving outcomes for this entire study population or for patients with ambulance response times shorter than 5 minutes. However, the patients with ventricular fibrillation and ambulance response intervals longer than 5 minutes had better outcomes with CPR first before defibrillation was attempted. These results require confirmation in additional randomized trials.
Concise Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Tricyclic Biaryl Ether-Linked Aza-Heterocyclic Ring Systems (2013)

A new method for the synthesis of tricyclic biaryl ether-linked ring systems incorporating seven-, eight-, and nine-membered ring amines is presented. In the presence of catalytic quantities of copper(I), readily accessible acyclic precursors undergo an intramolecular carbon-oxygen bond-forming reaction facilitated by a "templating" chelating nitrogen atom. The methodology displays a broad substrate scope, is practical, and generates rare and biologically interesting tricyclic heteroaromatic products that are difficult to access by other means.
Analytical and Computational Aspects of Collaborative Optimization for Multidisciplinary Design (2002)

Analytical features of multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) problem formulations have significant practical consequences for the ability of nonlinear programming algorithms to solve the resulting computational optimization problems reliably and efficiently. We explore this important but frequently overlooked fact using the notion of disciplinary autonomy. Disciplinary autonomy is a desirable goal in formulating and solving MDO problems; however, the resulting system optimization problems are frequently difficult to solve. We illustrate the implications of MDO problem formulation for the tractability of the resulting design optimization problem by examining a representative class of MDO problem formulations known as collaborative optimization. We also discuss an alternative problem formulation, distributed analysis optimization, that yields a more tractable computational optimization problem.
Prostaglandin E2 Induces Expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor–κB Ligand/Osteoprotegrin Ligand on Pre-B Cells: Implications for Accelerated Osteoclastogenesis in Estrogen Deficiency (2000)

Estrogen deficiency causes bone loss as a result of accelerated osteoclastic bone resorption. It also has been reported that estrogen deficiency is associated with an increase in the number of pre-B cells in mouse bone marrow. The present study was undertaken to clarify the role of altered B lymphopoiesis and of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), a key molecule in osteoclastogenesis, in the bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency. In the presence of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), the activity to form tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast-like cells was significantly greater in bone marrow cells derived from ovariectomized (OVX) mice than in those from sham-operated mice. Northern blot analysis revealed that PGE2 increased the amount of RANKL messenger RNA (mRNA) in bone marrow cells, not only adherent stromal cells but nonadherent hematopoietic cells; among the latter, RANKL mRNA was more abundant in OVX mice than in shamoperated mice and was localized predominantly in B220+ cells. Flow cytometry revealed that most B220+ cells in bone marrow were RANKL positive and that the percentage of RANKL-positive, B220low cells was higher in bone marrow from OVX mice than in that from sham-operated mice. The increase in the expression of RANKL and the percentage of these cells in OVX mice was abolished by the administration of indomethacin in vivo. PGE2 also markedly increased both the level of RANKL mRNA and cell surface expression of RANKL protein in the mouse pre-B cell line 70Z/3. Finally, osteoclastogenic response to PGE2 was reduced markedly by prior depletion of B220+ cells, and it was restored by adding back B220+ cells. Taken together with stimulated cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 activity by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in estrogen deficiency, these results suggest that an increase in the number of B220+ cells in bone marrow may play an important role in accelerated bone resorption in estrogen deficiency because B220+ cells exhibit RANKL on the cell surface in the presence of PGE2, thereby leading to accelerated osteoclastogenesis.