gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Separation of multiple signals in hearing aids by output decorrelation and time-delay estimation (2002)

Sensori-neural hearing impaired listeners have difficulty in separating multiple signals or perceiving speech in background noise and hearing aids are widely used to enhance the desired signal. We present a simple two-input system to separate two signals using output decorrelation where the filter coefficients are adaptively estimated to minimise the correlation of the output signals. In particular we show that an optimal filter can be designed and the convergence behaviour can be greatly improved by using a time-delay estimation technique. The algorithm was implemented to successfully separate two signals and the results are presented.
A binational cohort study of ventilator-associated pneumonia in Denmark and Australia (2006)

The objective was to determine the incidence and prognosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care units (ICUs) in Melbourne (29-bed ICU), Australia and Aarhus and Aalborg (22-bed unit and 8-bed ICU, respectively), Denmark and to characterize participating ICUs with regard to prevalence of nosocomial type bacterial pathogens, antibiotic resistance and antibiotic consumption. In this prospective cohort study 25 patients in Melbourne and 32 patients in Aarhus + Aalborg had a first episode of VAP. The incidence of VAP per 1000 ventilator d was 6.2 in Melbourne and 9.5 in Aarhus + Aalborg. Case fatality during hospital admission was 28% and 59%, respectively (unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1-0.8). OR adjusted for age and APACHE II score was 0.2 (95% CI 0.1-1.0). Nosocomial type pathogens including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus were more prevalent in Melbourne, and antibiotic consumption per VAP patient was 35% higher in Melbourne than in Aarhus + Aalborg. To judge from the present data, there seems to be a complicated interrelationship between prognosis on the 1 hand and antibiotic consumption and resistance on the other. A more favourable prognosis was found in Melbourne, where levels of antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance were higher than in Aarhus + Aalborg.
Classemes and Other Classifier-Based Features for Efficient Object Categorization (2014)

This paper describes compact image descriptors enabling accurate object categorization with linear classification models, which offer the advantage of being efficient to both train and test. The shared property of our descriptors is the use of classifiers to produce the features of each image. Intuitively, these classifiers evaluate the presence of a set of basis classes inside the image. We first propose to train the basis classifiers as recognizers of a hand-selected set of object classes. We then demonstrate that better accuracy can be achieved by learning the basis classes as "abstract categories" collectively optimized as features for linear classification. Finally, we describe several strategies to aggregate the outputs of basis classifiers evaluated on multiple subwindows of the image in order to handle cases when the photo contains multiple objects and large amounts of clutter. We test our descriptors on challenging benchmarks of object categorization and detection, using a simple linear SVM as classifier. Our results are on par with those achieved by the best systems in these fields but are produced at orders of magnitude lower computational costs and using an image representation that is general and not specifically tuned for a predefined set of test classes.
Reductive Addition of  CO 2 to 9,10‐Phenanthrenequinone (1989)

Two molecules of add to electrochemically reduced 9,10‐phenanthrenequinone (PAQ) in to give the bis(carbonate), . In the absence of , PAQ undergoes two reversible, one‐electron reductions at −0.65 and −1.44V vs. SCE in . Addition of occurs at ∼ −0.7V vs. SCE with a rate constant of about 102 M−1s−1. A further one‐electron reduction takes place at the same potential and is followed by addition of a second molecule of . The final addition step is effectively chemically irreversible. Oxidation of the adduct results in the quantitative regeneration of PAQ and . Reduction of PAQ with cobaltocene in the presence of also gives . IR, NMR, and UV‐vis spectroscopy were used to identify and characterize . was also prepared by addition of to independently prepared . Loss of occurs upon addition of either or to a solution of . The expected methylation product, , was synthesized by electrochemical reduction of PAQ in the presence of .
The Curtius Rearrangement. III. The Decomposition of Substituted Benzazides in Acidic Solvents, the Acid Catalysis (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Curtius Rearrangement. III. The Decomposition of Substituted Benzazides in Acidic Solvents, the Acid CatalysisYasuhide Yukawa and Yuho TsunoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 8, 2007–2012Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01517a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01517a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views405Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distribution of the large aggregating proteoglycan versican in adult human tissues. (1996)

We studied the distribution of the large hyaluronan-binding proteoglycan versican (also known as PG-M) in human adult tissues using affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies that recognize the core protein of the prominent versican splice variants VO and V1. Versican was present in the loose connective tissues of various organs and was often associated with the elastic fiber network. Furthermore, it was localized in most smooth muscle tissues and in fibrous and elastic cartilage. Versican staining was also noted in the central and peripheral nervous system, in the basal layer of the epidermis, and on the luminal surface of some glandular epithelia. In blood vessels, versican was present in all three wall layers of veins and elastic arteries. In muscular arteries the immunoreactivity was normally restricted to the tunica adventitia. However, it appeared in the media and the split elastica interna of atherosclerotically transformed vessel walls. Our survey of the distribution of versican in normal human tissues now forms the basis for extended studies of potentially aberrant versican expression during pathogenic processes.
What does this emoji mean? A vector space skip-gram model for twitter emojis (2016)

Comunicació presentada a la Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2016), celebrada els dies 23 a 28 de maig de 2016 a Portorož, Eslovènia.
An Industrial Evaluation of Unit Test Generation: Finding Real Faults in a Financial Application (2017)

Automated unit test generation has been extensively studied in the literature in recent years. Previous studies on open source systems have shown that test generation tools are quite effective at detecting faults, but how effective and applicable are they in an industrial application? In this paper, we investigate this question using a life insurance and pension products calculator engine owned by SEB Life & Pension Holding AB Riga Branch. To study fault-finding effectiveness, we extracted 25 real faults from the version history of this software project, and applied two up-to-date unit test generation tools for Java, EVOSUITE and RANDOOP, which implement search-based and feedback-directed random test generation, respectively. Automatically generated test suites detected up to 56.40% (EVOSUITE) and 38.00% (RANDOOP) of these faults. The analysis of our results demonstrates challenges that need to be addressed in order to improve fault detection in test generation tools. In particular, classification of the undetected faults shows that 97.62% of them depend on either "specific primitive values" (50.00%) or the construction of "complex state configuration of objects" (47.62%). To study applicability, we surveyed the developers of the application under test on their experience and opinions about the test generation tools and the generated test cases. This leads to insights on requirements for academic prototypes for successful technology transfer from academic research to industrial practice, such as a need to integrate with popular build tools, and to improve the readability of the generated tests.
Heterotopic ossification prophylaxis with indomethacin increases the risk of long-bone nonunion (2003)

Indomethacin is commonly administered for the prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification (HO) after the surgical treatment of acetabular fractures. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin, have been associated with delayed healing of fractures and mechanically weaker callus. Our aim was to determine if patients with an acetabular fracture, who received indomethacin for prophylaxis against HO, were at risk of delayed healing or nonunion of any associated fractures of long bones. We reviewed 282 patients who had had open reduction and internal fixation of an acetabular fracture. Patients at risk of HO were randomised to receive either radiation therapy (XRT) or indomethacin. Of these patients, 112 had sustained at least one concomitant fracture of a long bone; 36 needed no prophylaxis, 38 received focal radiation and 38 received indomethacin. Fifteen patients developed 16 nonunions. When comparing patients who received indomethacin with those who did not, a significant difference was noted in the rate of nonunion (26% v 7%; p = 0.004). Patients with concurrent fractures of the acetabulum and long bones who receive indomethacin have a significantly greater risk of nonunion of the fractures of the long bones when compared with those who receive XRT or no prophylaxis.
Potential GABA <i>B</i> Receptor Antagonists. X The Synthesis of Further Analogues of Baclofen, Phaclofen and Saclofen (1997)

In an attempt to obtain new compounds with binding activity at the GABAB receptor site, we report the synthesis of 3-amino-2-arylpropanoic acids, and the sulfonic, phosphonic and hydroxamic acid analogues. In addition, we report the synthesis of the isomer of phaclofen, 3-amino-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-propylphosphonic acid, and the higher homologue of baclofen, 5-amino-2-(4-chlorophenyl)pentanoic acid.
Fuzzy Logic based Relay Selection for MmWave Communications (2019)

Millimeter wave (mmWave) band is considered a powerful key enabler for future generation (5G) mobile networks by providing multi-Gb/s data rates. However, mmWave, e.g., 60 GHz (WiGig) links are very susceptible to obstacles blocking, due to high propagation loss and penetration loss. Device to device (D2D) relaying is considered as an effective approaches to deal with the blockage problem in mmWave communication. In this paper we propose a novel fuzzy logic based relay selection scheme for the mmWave network. For the relay selection scheme if the mmWave link blocked between the access point (AP) and the mobile node is detected, a fuzzy logic system (FLS) is used to select the best relay among the AP's neighbors based on three metrics: achievable data rate, the mobile node speed and battery level. As the relay node is selected, the AP will start beamforming training for constructing the high data rate mmWave link with the chosen mobile node through a relay node. As the proposed scheme combines between the most three important metrics in network, the simulation analysis confirms the superiority of the proposed scheme over the conventional scheme.
Measurement of specific gravity and magnetic susceptibility of particulate materials by levitation in paramagnetic solutions (1977)

A new method is proposed, whereby specific gravity and magnetic susceptibility of small particles may be measured by levitation in paramagnetic solutions in a nonhomogeneous magnetic field. The basis for calculation is the ratio of the applied currents required for levitating to the same level the particle to be measured and a standard particle. The results should be independent of the geometry of the magnetic field.
Toward a biochemical classification of depressive disorders, VII: urinary free cortisol and urinary MHPG in depressions (1983)

The authors measured urinary free cortisol and urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) levels in 24 severely depressed patients and 22 normal control subjects. Urinary free cortisol levels were significantly higher in the depressed patients than in the control subjects, but mean urinary MHPG levels were not significantly different in these two groups. A very high positive correlation between urinary MHPG levels and urinary free cortisol levels was found in the depressed patients but not in the control subjects.
Optimizing protocol interaction using response surface methodology (2006)

Abstract-Response surface methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical design and numerical optimization techniques traditionally used to optimize industrial processes. In this paper, we demonstrate that the methodology can be successfully applied to the domain of networking. Specifically, we obtain increased throughput with a significant decrease in delay in a ns-2 simulation model of a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) by using RSM to optimize protocol interaction found by factor screening. Whether the experimentation is with a stochastic simulation model or a physical system, such as a MANET or a wireless sensor network test-bed, RSM provides a general and practical methodology to screen factors and robustly and jointly optimize responses.
17O NMR Spectroscopic Study of Tertiary Enaminones (1996)

Natural abundance 17O NMR spectra for 42 aliphatic and 13 cyclic enaminones with tertiary amino groups are reported. The 17O NMR chemical shifts of enaminones depend upon the type, number and position of the substituents. Substituents at C-1 cause shielding, and those at C-2 or C-3 cause deshielding. The 17O NMR data of 4-(N,N-dialkylamino)but-3-en-2-ones correlate well with the 1H–C-2 and the 13C-2 chemical shifts and with the pKa values of the corresponding dialkylamines. The 17O NMR chemical shifts of enaminones are shifted to lower field in non-polar solvents.
A Novel hsp110-related Gene, apg-1, That Is Abundantly Expressed in the Testis Responds to a Low Temperature Heat Shock Rather than the Traditional Elevated Temperatures (1997)

We isolated a novel hsp110-related gene, apg-1, from a testis cDNA library. The apg-1 transcripts were constitutively expressed in the testicular germ cells and, in some degree, most tissues examined. In a mouse TAMA26 Sertoli cell line, apg-1 transcripts were induced in 2 h by a temperature shift from 32 to 39 degrees C, but not by a shift from 37 to 42 degrees C, the traditional heat stress, or a shift from 32 to 42 degrees C. The heat response pattern of hsp110 expression was similar to that of apg-1. Although induction of a hsp70 transcript was observed in 2 h by a shift from 32 to 39 degrees C, the induction was more apparent by a shift from 37 to 42 degrees C or from 32 to 42 degrees C. Essentially similar differential response patterns were observed among these genes in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts as well. The nuclear run-on assay and the native gel mobility shift assay demonstrated that, by the 32 to 39 degrees C temperature shift, the apg-1 gene was transcriptionally activated, and heat shock factor 1 bound to the heat shock elements in the 5'-flanking region of the apg-1 gene. These results demonstrated that expressions of apg-1, hsp110, and hsp70 could be heat-induced at a temperature lower than the traditional elevated temperatures in somatic cells of both testis and nontestis origin and suggest that the mechanisms regulating the transcript levels of apg-1 and hsp110 are different from those of hsp70. Furthermore, the constitutive expression in germ cells suggests that APG-1 plays a specific role in spermatogenesis as well as in stress response.
Developmental expression of <i>c-kit</i>, a proto-oncogene encoded by the <i>W</i> locus (1990)

Developmental expression of the c-kit proto-oncogene, a receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the W locus, was investigated by in situ hybridization in normal mouse embryos. Early after implantation transcripts were detectable only in the maternal placenta (6 1/2-7 1/2 days p.c.). Subsequently (8 1/2 days p.c.) numerous ectodermal (neural tube, sensory placodes) and endodermal (embryonic gut) derivatives expressed c-kit. Later transcripts were detected also in the blood islands of the yolk sac and in the embryonic liver, the main sites of embryonic hemopoiesis. Around midgestation, transcripts accumulated in the branchial pouches and also in primordial germ cells of the genital ridges. This complex pattern of expression remained characteristic also later in gestation, when c-kit was expressed in highly differentiated structures of the craniofacial area, in presumptive melanoblasts and in the CNS. In the adult ovary, maternal c-kit transcripts were detected. They were present in the oocytes of both immature and mature ovarian follicles, but not in the male germ line, where c-kit expression may be down regulated. Thus, c-kit activity is complex and appears in multiple tissues including those that also display defects in mutations at the W locus where c-kit is encoded. Correlation between W phenotypes and c-kit expression, as well as the regulation of the complex and multiple expression of polypeptide growth factors and receptors, is discussed.
169. Physical properties and chemical constitution. Part VIII. Alkyl chlorides, bromides, and iodides (1943)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles – Circulating biopsies reflecting placental health (2016)

The ability to directly monitor the status of the placenta throughout pregnancy would be a major advance in both general and personalized obstetric care, allowing treatments to be tailored to the dynamic changes that can occur in gestation. Syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles (STBEV) are membrane bound vesicles, released from the surface of the placenta directly into the maternal circulation, in the form of exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. They carry many syncytiotrophoblast derived factors such as proteins, lipids, glycans and nucleic acids, which together could dynamically signal to the mother the status of the placenta. We review STBEV research and discuss the potential for STBEV to be used as circulating syncytiotrophoblast biopsies, accessible via a simple blood sample throughout pregnancy, giving a real-time readout of syncytiotrophoblast health. We also highlight advances in the use of extracellular vesicles as circulating tumour derived biopsies in the field of cancer research, which could prove beneficial to obstetric care.
Integrating trace logic and Petri nets specifications (2002)

Presents an experience in formal method integration for the specification and validation of distributed fault-tolerant systems. The specification formalisms we deal with are trace logic, based on CSP (communicating sequential processes) theory, and stochastic Petri nets. Their integration allows us to combine the power of event traces (to specify the behaviour of a system in an intuitive and modular way) with the power of Petri nets (for the analysis of concurrent systems). The integrated specification technique is discussed by applying it to a real industrial control system, which uses redundant modules to guarantee given operational conditions, despite failures, and incorporates a voting algorithm for arbitration over the replicated units.
Determination of the Scoville Heat Value for Hot Sauces and Chilies: An HPLC Experiment (2000)

A laboratory experiment for a junior- or senior-level college instrumental analysis course has been designed and tested. The student will isolate the capsainoids from commercial food products (chilies and sauces) using a simple extraction technique. The identity and concentration of the capsainoids are determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The concentrations are then used to determine the pungency (Scoville heat value) of the foods. Taste tests can be used to verify the relative pungency of the products. The experiment is designed to be completed in less than four hours.See Letter and Editor's Note re: Hazards pertaining to this article.
Geometrically Principled Connections in Graph Neural Networks (2020)

Graph convolution operators bring the advantages of deep learning to a variety of graph and mesh processing tasks previously deemed out of reach. With their continued success comes the desire to design more powerful architectures, often by adapting existing deep learning techniques to non-Euclidean data. In this paper, we argue geometry should remain the primary driving force behind innovation in the emerging field of geometric deep learning. We relate graph neural networks to widely successful computer graphics and data approximation models: radial basis functions (RBFs). We conjecture that, like RBFs, graph convolution layers would benefit from the addition of simple functions to the powerful convolution kernels. We introduce affine skip connections, a novel building block formed by combining a fully connected layer with any graph convolution operator. We experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique and show the improved performance is the consequence of more than the increased number of parameters. Operators equipped with the affine skip connection markedly outperform their base performance on every task we evaluated, i.e., shape reconstruction, dense shape correspondence, and graph classification. We hope our simple and effective approach will serve as a solid baseline and help ease future research in graph neural networks.