gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of independent piezoelectric constants of a lanthanumgallium silicate family crystals by X-ray diffraction method (2013)

Independent piezoelectric strain coefficients d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> and d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sub> in disordered La <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5.3</sub> Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sub> (LGTA) and ordered Ca <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> TaGa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sub> (CTGS) crystals of the langasite family were measured by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) under external electric field application which causes changes in the interplanar spacing because of the reverse piezoelectric effect. The experiment showed that the piezoelectric strain coefficients can be precisely determined by measuring changes in the interplanar spacing using the optical scheme of a triple-axis X-ray diffractometer. The measured independent piezoelectric strain coefficients d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> and d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sub> for LGTA and CTGS crystals were d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11(LGTA)</sub> =6.455·10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> C/N, d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14(LGTA)</sub> =-5.117·10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> C/N; d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11(CTGS)</sub> =3.330·10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> C/N, d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14(CTGS)</sub> =-15.835·10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> C/N.
Testing for mean and correlation changes in microarray experiments: an application for pathway analysis (2010)

The data indicate the advantages of the rank test. The method can distinguish significant changes in pathways due to either correlations or changes in the mean or both. From the simulation study the rank test out performed Global and GSEA. The greatest gain in performance was for the sample size case which makes the application of the rank test ideal for microarray experiments.
Dioptric Power: Its Nature and Its Representation in Three- and Four-Dimensional Space (1997)

Dioptric power expressed in the familiar three-component form of sphere, cylinder, and axis is unsuited to mathematical and statistical treatments; there is a particular class of power that cannot be represented in the familiar form; and it is possible that sphere, cylinder, and axis will prove inadequate in future clinical and research applications in optometry and ophthalmology. Dioptric power expressed as the four-component dioptric power matrix, however, overcomes these shortcomings. The intention in this paper is to provide a definitive statement on the nature, function, and mathematical representation of dioptric power in terms of the matrix and within the limitations of paraxial or linear optics. The approach is universal in the sense that its point of departure is not power of the familiar form (that is, of thin systems) but of systems in general (thick or thin). Familiar types of power are then seen within the context of power in general. Dioptric power is defined, for systems that may be thick and astigmatic, in terms of the ray transfer matrix. A functional definition is presented for dioptric power and its components: it defines the additive contribution of incident position to emergent direction of a ray passing through the system. For systems that are thin (or thin-equivalent) it becomes possible to describe an alternative and more familiar function; for such systems dioptric power can be regarded as the increase in reduced surface curvature of a wavefront brought about by the system as the wavefront passes through it. The curvital and torsional components of the power are explored in some detail. Dioptric power, at its most general, defines a four-dimensional inner product space called dioptric power space. The familiar types of power define a three-dimensional subspace called symmetric dioptric power space. For completeness a one-dimensional antisymmetric power space is also defined: it is orthogonal in four dimensions to symmetric dioptric power space. Various bases are defined for the spaces as are coordinate vectors with respect to them. Vectorial representations of power in the literature apply only to thin systems and are not obviously generalizable to systems in general. They are shown to be merely different coordinate representations of the same subspace, the space of symmetric powers. Some of the uses and disadvantages of the different representations are described. None of the coordinate vectors fully represent, by themselves, the essential character of dioptric power. Their use is limited to applications, such as finding a mean, where addition and scalar multiplication are involved. The full character of power is represented by the dioptric power matrix; it is in this form that power is appropriate for all mathematical relationships.
The Genetics of<i>FANCC</i>and<i>FANCG</i>in Familial Pancreatic Cancer (2004)

Patients with Fanconi anemia (FA) display a wide variety of defects including bone marrow failure and a high risk of developing cancer. Multiple Fanconi genes exist whose proteins form a complex that along with BRCA1 is important for the translocalization of FANCD2 to nuclear foci. With BRCA2 and RAD51, this complex is thought to have a role in the repair of DNA double strand breaks. The genetic basis of another form of Fanconi anemia--FANCD1, was recently identified as the result of biallelic inactivating mutations of the BRCA2 gene. Since carriers of germline BRCA2 gene mutations have an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer, the FA pathway has been investigated as a tumor suppressor pathway in pancreatic cancer. Recently van der Heijden et al. identified FANCC and FANCG gene mutations in patients with young-onset pancreatic cancer. Here, we determined the role of germline FA gene mutations in kindred in which several family members had pancreatic cancer. Sequence analysis of 38 individuals with familial pancreatic cancer enrolled in the National Familial Pancreatic Tumor Registry (NFPTR) revealed previously identified polymorphisms within two exons and one intron of FANCC, and in three introns of FANCG. In addition, an unaffected relative from one family contained an exonic polymorphism within the FANCC gene. These and published data suggest the possibility that although germline and somatic mutations in FANCC and FANCG may contribute to the occurrence of pancreatic cancers, the pancreatic cancers that arise do so in an apparent sporadic fashion rather than with a phenotype of familial pancreatic cancer. FANCC and FANCG mutations may have low penetrance for the pancreatic cancer phenotype.
Aktuella rekommendationer för fysisk aktivitet (2017)

AKTUELLA REKOMMENDATIONER FÖR FYSISK AKTIVITET \n”Fysisk aktivitet förbättrar barns hjärnkapacitet och deras skolprestationer”, var ett av de ”statements” (uttalanden) som alla forskare i den danska konsensuskonferensen enades om under våren 2016. Ett dokumenterat samband mellan fysisk aktivitet och lärande, oberoende av ålder, hade redan slagits fast vid en tidigare konsensuskonferens hösten 2011, som anordnades av Kulturministeriet och Undervisningsministeriet i Danmark. Rekommendationerna från den första konferensen gav politiker i Danmark möjlighet att genomföra en utbildningsreform och en lagändring, som innebär att alla danska skolor sedan 2014 schemalägger en lektion fysisk aktivitet varje skoldag för alla danska skolelever. Lagändringen finns i § 15: ”Undervisningstiden skal tilrettelægges, så eleverne får motion og bevægelse i gennemsnitligt 45 minutter om dagen” (Undervisningsministeriet, 2016).\n\nUnder konsensuskonferensen våren 2016 redovisades bästa tillgängliga vetenskapliga belägg för effekter av fysisk aktivitet på barn och ungdomar. Den internationella expertpanelen bestod av forskare från Storbritannien, Danmark, Norge, Finland, Sverige, Kanada och USA; sammanlagt var vi 24 forskare från åtta länder som samlades i Snekkersten på Danmarks ostkust under några fina vårdagar. Syftet var att presentera aktuellt kunskapsläge för varandra, när det gäller effekter av fysisk aktivitet för barn och unga inom våra olika forskningsområden. Därefter var uppdraget att försöka enas, dvs. komma till konsensus och formulera gemensamma slutsatser (statements). Förslag till rekommendationer för genomförande och tillämpning diskuterades också. Efter individuella presentationer och intensiva diskussioner i växelvis storgrupp och mindre temagrupper kunde vi slutligen enas om 21 punkter inom dessa fyra områden:\n1. Fitness och hälsa\n2. Lärande, kognitiv funktion och motoriska färdigheter\n3. Engagemang, motivation och psykiskt välbefinnande\n4. Social inkludering och implementering i skola och föreningsliv\nEn vetenskaplig artikel är publicerad online i British Journal of Sports Medicine (Bangsbo, Krustrup, Duda et al., 2016a). Rekommendationer för implementering och tillämpning finns på engelska (Bangsbo, Krustrup, Duda et al., 2016b) och danska (Bangsbo, Krustrup, Duda et al., 2016c). Länkar till publikationerna finns på www.mugi.se. Tanken är att rekommendationerna ska komma till användning och vara till nytta vid planering för fysisk aktivitet i skolor och idrottsföreningar.
Information privacy for linked data (2013)

in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science As data mining over massive amounts of linked data becomes more and more prevalent in research applications, information privacy becomes a more important issue. This is especially true in the biological and medical fields, where information sensitivity is high. Previous experience has shown that simple anonymization techniques, such as removing an individual’s name from a data set, are inadequate to fully protect the data’s participants. While strong privacy guarantees have been studied for relational databases, these are virtually non-existent for graph-structured linked data. This line of research is important, however, since the aggregation of data across different web sources may lead to privacy leaks. The ontological structure of linked data especially aids these attacks on privacy.
tRuEcasIng (2003)

Truecasing is the process of restoring case information to badly-cased or non-cased text. This paper explores truecasing issues and proposes a statistical, language modeling based truecaser which achieves an accuracy of ~98% on news articles. Task based evaluation shows a 26% F-measure improvement in named entity recognition when using truecasing. In the context of automatic content extraction, mention detection on automatic speech recognition text is also improved by a factor of 8. Truecasing also enhances machine translation output legibility and yields a BLEU score improvement of 80.2%. This paper argues for the use of truecasing as a valuable component in text processing applications.
Tunable Hollow Optical Waveguide and Its Applications (2010)

The prime focus of this chapter is a hollow optical waveguide for integrated optics. Starting with a review of various novel hollow waveguide structures, physics and technology of tunable hollow waveguide have been presented with theory and experiments. With the flexible structure of hollow waveguide, a number of tunable optical functions can be realized; some of them are presented in the chapter. After giving a brief review on various hollow waveguides, we describe the basic structure and propagation characteristics of the tunable hollow waveguide. The possibility of two-dimensional (2D) confinement with a 3D hollow waveguide has been discussed. A widely tunable Bragg reflector based on hollow waveguide is then presented and the possibility of on-chip polarization control using 3D hollow waveguide has been discussed which is followed by the description of a novel tapered 3D hollow waveguide Bragg reflector for an adjustable compensation of polarization mode dispersion (PMD). The chapter closes with a discussion on future prospects of using tunable hollow waveguide in reconfigurable integrated photonic circuits and in other applications. The integration Technology for widely tunable hollow waveguide devices has been introduced and a novel hollow waveguide with vertical and lateral periodicity has then been shown with a high index contrast grating which can add extra design flexibility to control the polarizations and can be more fabrication tolerant.
Smart-DRS: A Strategy of Dynamic Resource Scheduling in Cloud Data Center (2012)

The biggest advantage of employing virtualization is the ability to flexibly remap physical resources to virtual servers in order to handle the resource redistribution. So virtual machine is the fundamental unit in cloud data center. However, the load of virtual machine constantly changes owing to the needs of applications. In order to improve the resource utilization and reduce power energy, data center needs an automatic, quick and dynamic resource scheduling strategy which treats virtual machine as a scheduling unit to balance load and consolidate servers. In this paper, we present a two-steps dynamic resource scheduling strategy, named Smart-DRS, which fits cloud data center well and strikes a balance between efficiency, cost and instantaneity. Firstly, we employ a prediction technique based on Single Exponential Smoothing algorithm. Then a novel and efficient migration algorithm based on Vector Projection was applied. For evaluating the performance of Smart-DRS, we develop a complete resource management prototype system in which resource scheduling is just only a module. Then we build a cluster with 32 physical machines running with 3200 virtual machines to simulate data center environment. Experiment results tell us that Smart-DRS has a high forecast accuracy and also can deal well with load balancing and load consolidation.
Spin injection and perpendicular spin transport in graphite nanostructures (2010)

Organic- and carbon-based materials are attractive for spintronics because their small spin-orbit coupling and low hyperfine interaction is expected to give rise to large spin-relaxation times. However, the corresponding spin-relaxation length is not necessarily large when transport is via weakly interacting molecular orbitals. Here we use graphite as a model system and study spin transport in the direction perpendicular to the weakly bonded graphene sheets. We achieve injection of highly (75%) spin-polarized electrons into graphite nanostructures of 300--500 nm across and up to 17 nm thick, and observe transport without any measurable loss of spin information. Direct visualization of local spin transport in graphite-based spin-valve sandwiches also shows spatially uniform and near-unity transmission for electrons at 1.8 eV above the Fermi level.
The Designing and Building of an All-Purpose Automatic Torque-Wrenching Machine for Drilling Rigs (1992)

Abstract Drilling rig automation is one of the key issues for the future of safe and economic drilling operations. Tripping, as well as casing and tubing running operations, represent the considerable amount of total rig time of more than 30%. These operations incorporate the risk of possible accidents due to the manual work involved. A hydraulic automated torque wrenching machine was developed which is capable of spinning and making up a full range of drillstring components as well as tubing and casing connections in a diameter range between 2 3/8″ and 21″. This wide size range in connection with the high torque values of up to 190,000 Nm (140,000 ft lbs) called for new concepts and developments, which are described. The full integration of this automated torque wrenching machine into an automated drilling process includes a computer based joint analyzed makeup system.
Niobates and Tantalates of Tervalent Elements (1977)

The types of compounds in the A2O3– B2O5 systems, where A = the p-, d-, and f-elements of Group III, the p-elements of Group V, and the d-elements of the fourth period in the tervalent state and B=Nb or Ta, are considered. An analysis of the methods of making the niobates and tantalates is given, their structure is described, and their physicochemical and electrophysical properties are reviewed. Special attention has been paid to the description of the rare-earth element meta-niobates, which exhibit the properties of electrets, and of the compounds of composition ABO4 (A = Sb, Bi; and B = Nb, Ta), which belong to a new group of ferroelectrics. Bibliography of 147 references.
Antiandrogen administration reduces bone mass in the male rat (1988)

Journal Article Antiandrogen administration reduces bone mass in the male rat Get access S Feldmann, S Feldmann Innere Medizin I, Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universität Heidelberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H W Minne, H W Minne Innere Medizin I, Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universität Heidelberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Pfeifer, M Pfeifer Innere Medizin I, Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universität Heidelberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U Lempert, U Lempert Innere Medizin I, Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universität Heidelberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H Sterz, H Sterz Innere Medizin I, Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universität Heidelberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R Ziegler R Ziegler Innere Medizin I, Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universität Heidelberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Acta Endocrinologica (Norway), Volume 117, Issue 4_Supplement, Apr 1988, Pages S200–S201, https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.117S200 Published: 01 April 1988
Electrically Conductive Non-Metallic Textile Coatings (1991)

An industrially feasible process for the polymerization of pyrrole or aniline on the surface of textile fibers and assemblies is discussed. Physical properties of the resulting fabrics are described as well as their stability under various condi tions. Fabrics coated with polypyrrole maintained the general physical properties of the untreated fabrics; in composite structures they are environmentally stable.
Toward Plasmonic Solar Cells: Protection of Silver Nanoparticles via Atomic Layer Deposition of TiO<sub>2</sub> (2009)

Plasmonic silver nanoparticles have unique properties that lend themselves to unusual optical applications, potentially including use as absorption amplifiers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). However, these particles are easily damaged under oxidizing conditions. Atomic layer deposition of TiO2 onto transparent-conductive-oxide-supported silver particles was examined as a means of protecting particles while simultaneously incorporating them into DSSC-functional photoelectrodes. The resulting assemblies were exposed to corrosive I-/I3- solutions, and the degree of silver etching was determined via scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. To form a pinhole-free (i.e., fully protective) crystalline TiO2 layer, 7.7 nm (300 cycles) must be deposited. If, however, a 0.2 nm (2 cycles) Al2O3 adhesion layer is included, only 5.8 nm (211 cycles) of TiO2 are necessary for the formation of a pinhole-free coating.
An Inexpensive Gradient Maker for the Biochemistry Laboratory (2000)

A gradient maker for use in the biochemistry laboratory was constructed out of plastic graduated cylinders or other easily obtained plastic items. Assembly of the gradient makers requires little time or expense. Details on construction and operation are given. The gradient makers were used to elute proteins from ion-exchange columns, and they showed a linear increase in conductivity throughout the gradient volume. These items provide an inexpensive alternative to more expensive commercial gradient makers.
Low power digital circuit design (2004)

The paper describes approaches for achieving low power digital circuits. The approaches are classified from the standpoint of spatial granularity, temporal granularity and variable granularity. The trend is moving from coarse-grain to the finer grain to save more power with the higher engineering cost. The newer approach includes dynamic adaptive control of V/sub DD/ and V/sub TH/ at a block level. The paper also touches on low-power applications.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphism: molecular basis and phenotypic relationship to alcohol sensitivity. (1987)

Individual differences in response to alcohol have been observed in various ethnic and racial groups. A positive correlation between alcohol sensitivity and elevated blood acetaldehyde level in conjunction with deficiency of an isozyme of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH I) was noted in Japanese subjects given an acute dose of alcohol. Invariably, significantly higher blood acetaldehyde levels were measured in ALDH I-deficient subjects after ethanol loading. The initial flushing in Orientals after alcohol ingestion might be due to their inability to metabolize acetaldehyde quickly and effectively in the absence of the low Km ALDH I isozyme. While Oriental populations of Mongoloid origin showed varying degree of isozyme deficiency, none of the Caucasian or Negroid populations have this isozyme abnormality.