gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated Test Case Selection Based on a Similarity Function. (2007)

A strategy for automatic test case selection based on the use of a similarity function is presented. Test case selection is a crucial activity to model-based testing since the number of automatically generated test cases is usually enormous and possibly unfeasible. Also, a considerable number of test cases are redundant, that is, they exercise similar features of the application and/or are capable of uncovering a similar set of faults. The strategy is aimed at selecting the less similar test cases while providing the best possible coverage of the functional model from which test cases are generated.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances of Clar′s Aromatic Sextet Theory and Randic′s Conjugated Circuit Model (2012)

Abstract Review: 115 refs.
Conjugated Inorganic Carbon-based Polymers (1981)

Polymers of different types based on dicyanogen, dithiocyanogen, carbon suboxide, and carbon subsulphide, which exhibit conducting or semiconducting properties, are examined. The methods of synthesis, the polymerisation mechanisms, and the chemical and physical properties of these polymers are discussed. The bibliography includes 192 references.
An Acoustic Signal Processing Chip With 142-nW Voice Activity Detection Using Mixer-Based Sequential Frequency Scanning and Neural Network Classification (2019)

This article presents a voice and acoustic activity detector that uses a mixer-based architecture and ultra-low-power neural network (NN)-based classifier. By sequentially scanning 4 kHz of frequency bands and down-converting to below 500 Hz, feature extraction power consumption is reduced by 4×. The NN processor employs computational sprinting, enabling 12× power reduction. The system also features inaudible acoustic signature detection for intentional remote silent wakeup of the system while re-using a subset of the same system components. The measurement results achieve 91.5%/90% speech/non-speech hit rates at 10-dB SNR with babble noise and 142-nW power consumption. Acoustic signature detection consumes 66 nW, successfully detecting a signature 10 dB below the noise level.
<i>In situ</i>cure monitoring of epoxy resins using fiber‐optic Raman spectroscopy (1994)

Abstract Fiber‐optic Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor the curing of epoxy resins in situ for eventual application to polymer composite processing. A 200‐μm diameter quartz fiberoptic sensor immersed in liquid resin was used to obtain Raman spectra for a concentration series of diglicidyl ether of bisphenol‐A in its own reaction product with diethylamine using an 820 nm continuous‐wave diode laser excitation. A Raman peak at 1240 cm −1 was assigned to a vibrational mode of the oxirane (epoxide) ring and its normalized intensity was found to be linearly related to the concentration of epoxide groups in the resin mixtures. Raman peaks at 1112 and 1186 cm −1 associated with phenyl and gem ‐dimethyl resin backbone vibrations, respectively, did not change in intensity due to the curing reaction and were used as internal references to correct the Raman spectra for intensity changes due to density fluctuations and instrumental variations during the experiments. Fiber‐optic Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor the extent of reaction in situ for the room‐temperature cure of phenyl glicidyl ether with diethylamine. The extent of reaction of the epoxide groups calculated from the Raman spectra were in excellent agreement with kinetic data from Fourier transform near‐infrared absorbance measurements made under the same conditions. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
A Benchtop System to Assess Cortical Neural Interface Micromechanics (2007)

A benchtop brain tissue-microelectrode insertion model system was developed to aid in improving the design of cortical neural interfaces. The model partially mimics the in vivo environment via the use of human cadaver brain specimens (nspecimen = 6), or agar gel exposed to physiologically relevant mechanical oscillations. 150 lpm diameter stainless-steel microelectrode wires (TS = 600 MPa) implanted 3.0 cm within fixed human primary auditory cortex (ntrial > 10) experienced 133 +/- 8 and 64 +/- 4 mN of peak and steady axial forces. When subjected to a 3 Hz, 3-mm vertical oscillation, dynamic force amplitudes (ntrial > 10) of 148 +/- 10 mN were measured. The model system allows the study and comparison of static and dynamic forces and their mechanical influences on proposed implanted microelectrode structures.
Tissue acylation by the chlorofluorocarbon substitute 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. (1991)

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are being developed as substitutes for ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs); because widespread human exposure to HCFCs may be expected, it is important to evaluate their toxicities thoroughly. Here we report studies on the bioactivation of the CFC substitute 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) to an electrophilic intermediate that reacts covalently with liver proteins. HCFC-123 and its analog halothane (2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) were studied in rats by 19F NMR spectroscopy, and we found that a trifluoroacetylated lysine adduct was formed with liver proteins. Also, the pattern of proteins immunoreactive with hapten-specific anti-trifluoroacetylprotein antibodies was identical in livers of HCFC-123- and halothane-exposed rats. Because halothane causes an idiosyncratic, and sometimes fatal, hepatitis that is associated with an immune response against several trifluoroacetylated liver proteins, the present findings raise the possibility that humans exposed to HCFC-123 or structurally related HCFCs may be at risk of developing an immunologically mediated hepatitis.
Integrated Wireless Rogue Access Point Detection and Counterattack System (2008)

In this paper we propose the integrated solution for detection and counterattack the rogue access points. Classification of rogue access point and related risk assessment is analyzed. Rogue detection algorithm is also proposed. Our proposed solution is effective and low cost. It is designed to utilize the existing wireless LAN infrastructure. There is no need to acquire the new RF devices or dedicated wireless detection sensors. The experiments in the real system are demonstrated.
Targeting autophagy to fight hematopoietic malignancies (2010)

Macroautophagy, referred hereafter to as autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process for the degradation and recycling of macromolecules, bulk cytoplasm and dammaged organelles. Autophagy is activated under stress conditions induced by nutrient deprivation, hypoxia and drug treatments. Morphologically, autophagic cells are characterized by the accumulation of double membrane cytoplasmic vesicules called autophagosomes that surrounds cytoplasmic proteins and/or organelles. Autophagosomes next fuse with lysosomes to generate autolysosomes, the structures in which the retained constituents are digested before recycling into the cytoplasm. In this context, autophagy promotes cell survival under adverse conditions. In contrast, under certain circumstances autophagic cells may engage a specific mode of cell death called type II cell death or autophagic cell death (ACD). Considering the strategic positionnement of this process at the crossroads of cell death and survival, it is not surprising that defects in autophagy have been linked to a plethora of human diseases, including hematopoietic malignancies. Finally, autophagy induction is repressed by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and favored by the adenosine-monophosphate activated-protein kinase (AMPK). In the present review, we focus on the functions of autophagy in normal and malignant hematopoiesis and discuss the opportunity to target the AMPK/mTOR pathways as a new therapeutic strategy to fight hematopoietic malignancies with a special emphasis on Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML).
The schedule of attitudes toward hastened death (2000)

The SAHD appears to be a reliable and valid measure of desire for death among terminally ill cancer patients. Coupled with previous research in patients with AIDS, these results support the utility of the SAHD for research addressing interest in hastened death in patients with a life-threatening medical illness.
Input- and Cell-Type-Specific Endocannabinoid-Dependent LTD in the Striatum (2014)

Changes in basal ganglia plasticity at the corticostriatal and thalamostriatal levels are required for motor learning. Endocannabinoid-dependent long-term depression (eCB-LTD) is known to be a dominant form of synaptic plasticity expressed at these glutamatergic inputs; however, whether eCB-LTD can be induced at all inputs on all striatal neurons is still debatable. Using region-specific Cre mouse lines combined with optogenetic techniques, we directly investigated and distinguished between corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections. We found that eCB-LTD was successfully induced at corticostriatal synapses, independent of postsynaptic striatal spiny projection neuron (SPN) subtype. Conversely, eCB-LTD was only nominally present at thalamostriatal synapses. This dichotomy was attributable to the minimal expression of cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors on thalamostriatal terminals. Furthermore, coactivation of dopamine receptors on SPNs during LTD induction re-established SPN-subtype-dependent eCB-LTD. Altogether, our findings lay the groundwork for understanding corticostriatal and thalamostriatal synaptic plasticity and for striatal eCB-LTD in motor learning.
PR-LRU: A Novel Buffer Replacement Algorithm Based on the Probability of Reference for Flash Memory (2017)

NAND flash memory has many advantages, including a small form factor, non-volatility, and high reliability. However, problems caused by physical limitations, such as asymmetric I/O latencies and outof-place updates, still need to be resolved. By using a probability of reference (PR) to select a candidate page as the victim page, this paper presents a novel buffer replacement algorithm called PR least recently used to enhance the flash memory performance. To predict whether a page may be referenced in the future, three variables are used to calculate a page's PR. In addition, we improve the performance overhead of the number of write operations, the hit ratio, and the runtime using a novel PR strategy. The algorithm is implemented and tested on the flash simulation platform Flash-DBSim. The results indicate that our algorithm provides improvements of up to 7% for the hit ratio with an improvement of up to 36.7% for the overall runtime compared with other approaches.
Investigation of a power module with double sided cooling using a new concept for chip embedding (2016)

Embedded components technology has launched its implementation in volume products demanding for highest miniaturization level. Small modules with embedded dies and passive components on the top side are mounted in handheld devices. Smart phones have been the enablers for this new technology using the capabilities of embedded components. With this technological background another business field became interesting for embedded components - the embedded power electronics. These applications ask for quite different requirements compared to the embedded technology of the first generation. The roadmaps for power application development show an ongoing decrease of volume and weight for power modules driven by the requirements for automotive industry. The European project EmPower has been labeled from CATRENE (Cluster for Application and Technology Research in Europe on NanoElectronics) organization and launched in 2013 as a development project for new power packages and power modules using die embedding technology. For the realization of this technology copper termination on MOSFETs, IGBTs and power diodes is necessary. Equipment and processes have been developed in the supply chain of EmPower to support the development of power modules ranging from 500 W to 50 kW. For enhanced thermal performance of power modules a concept for double sided cooling has been developed. Besides full area contacting the MOSFET on drain side with copper and contacting the embedded components in a power core with an isolated metal substrate with silver sinter paste a very effective concept for reducing thermal resistances and inductance will be shown on the example of a 500W demonstrator. With the realization of this demonstrator the power embedding concept can be proved. This paper will focus on the behavior of the power module for operational conditions of a Pedelec application. Basic reliability aspects will be shown as well as the electrical characterization - switching behavior, power losses and power cycling. Furthermore the thermal properties of the 500 W demonstrator module as predicted by results from thermal simulations will be experimentally verified. Finally an outlook will be given for possible automotive products based on this demonstrator.
Appendum to 'Multiple-valued logic: a tutorial and appreciation' (April 1988 17-27) (1988)

The commenter points out a possible error in the section on storage techniques in the above mentioned article (see ibid., vol.21, p.17-27, April 1988). He explains why the error was made.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Monocular-vision-based parking assistance for constrained environment (2010)

This paper presents a parking assistance system using visual information. The system input is an image taken by a single camera fixed to the vehicle. In the input image, we detect feature points corresponding to parking slots, among the keypoints detected by SIFT algorithm. The vehicle's location is estimated using detected feature points, and the vehicle's motion is expected using state of vehicle's wheels. Then, the system displays where the vehicle is expected to move in the parking lot based on the current location and the current wheel status. The experimental results show that the presented system can assist a driver in parking the vehicle.
Application of continuous velocity logs to determination of fluid saturation of reservoir rocks (1956)

Abstract Recent studies of continuous acoustic velocity logs indicate that these logs may provide important assistance in differentiating gas, oil, and water saturations in reservoir rocks. In general, velocities are appreciably lower in sands carrying oil or gas than in water-saturated sands of otherwise similar character. Specific examples from field logs illustrate this application. Laboratory measurements have been made of acoustic velocity of synthetic and natural rocks. Published studies, both empirical and theoretical, of other workers concerned with the transmission of sound in porous media have been considered. All of these at least qualitatively confirm the conclusions drawn from field data.
Regulation of 11?? -hydroxylase cytochrome P450 expression by cholesterol in spontaneously hypertensive rats (1995)

The present results indicate that in SHR hypercholesterolaemia selectively interferes with the adrenal steroid biosynthetic pathway by reducing the expression of 11 beta-hydroxylase, leading to accumulation of mineralocorticoids and sodium retention.
A Novel MDMX Transcript Expressed in a Variety of Transformed Cell Lines Encodes a Truncated Protein with Potent p53 Repressive Activity (1999)

The MDMX gene product is related to the MDM2 oncoprotein, both of which interact with the p53 tumor suppressor. We have identified a novel transcript of the MDMX gene that is expressed in a variety of cell lines, and in particular, in growing and transformed cells. This transcript is identical to the published sequence yet it has a short internal deletion of 68 base pairs. This deletion produces a shift in the reading frame after codon 114, resulting in the inclusion of a stop codon at amino acid residue 127 (full-length MDMX is 489 residues). This truncated MDMX protein is termed MDMX-S ("short form"), represents only the p53-binding domain, and appears to bind p53 better than full-length MDMX. The MDMX-S protein can be detected in cell extracts and when overexpressed is much more effective than MDMX at inhibiting p53-mediated transcriptional activation and induction of apoptosis. Since MDMX-S lacks the central and carboxyl-terminal regions contained within full-length MDMX, it is likely to play a key role in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis in a way distinct from MDMX.
Cellulose Phthalate: Its Preparation and Properties. (1920)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCellulose Phthalate: Its Preparation and Properties.Harold A. LeveyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1920, 12, 8, 743–744Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1920Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1920https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50128a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50128a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The influence of riblets on a boundary layer with embedded streamwise vortices (1995)

The present study shows that surface manipulation makes it possible to suppress longitudinal vortex structures in a boundary layer, and thereby stabilize it with respect to high-frequency traveling waves and delay the transition to turbulence. The results should be of interest for the control of transition in cross-flow and Görtler flow.
Shortened Radioimmunoassay for Human Growth Hormone (1974)

Abstract We report a radioimmunoassay procedure for human growth hormone in serum, in which the assay mixture is incubated at 37 °C for a total of 5 h rather than at 4 °C for 48 h. There was no significant difference in results by the two methods, according to the Sign Test and the signed-rank statistical test of Wilcoxin. A comparison of results at the two temperatures demonstrated a Spearmann coefficient of rank correlation value of 0.94. With this facilitation, a laboratory can provide results on the same day that the sample arrives.
New Confinement Method for the Formation of Highly Aligned and Densely Packed Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Monolayers (2010)

A new method to obtain single-walled nanotube (SWNT) films with high density and orientation (see image) is described. It is based on confinement of self-organized nano-objects within surfactant bilayers. This generic method is compatible with a wide array of nano-objects (SWNTs, nanowires, nanoparticles, etc.) as well as with most substrates, such as transparent and flexible organic substrates that are of great interest in electronics applications. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Encapsulation layer design and scalability in encapsulated vertical 3D RRAM (2016)

Here we propose a novel encapsulated vertical 3D RRAM structure with each resistive switching cell encapsulated by dielectric layers, contributing to both the reliability improvement of individual cells and thermal disturbance reduction of adjacent cells due to the effective suppression of unwanted oxygen vacancy diffusion. In contrast to the traditional vertical 3D RRAM, encapsulated bar-electrodes are adopted in the proposed structure substituting the previous plane-electrodes, thus encapsulated resistive switching cells can be naturally formed by simply oxidizing the tip of the metal bar-electrodes. In this work, TaO x -based 3D RRAM devices with SiO2 and Si3N4 as encapsulation layers are demonstrated, both showing significant advantages over traditional unencapsulated vertical 3D RRAM. Furthermore, it was found thermal conductivity and oxygen blocking ability are two key parameters of the encapsulation layer design influencing the scalability of vertical 3D RRAM. Experimental and simulation data show that oxygen blocking ability is more critical for encapsulation layers in the relatively large scale, while thermal conductivity becomes dominant as the stacking layers scale to the sub-10 nm regime. Finally, based on the notable impacts of the encapsulation layer on 3D RRAM scaling, an encapsulation material with both excellent oxygen blocking ability and high thermal conductivity such as AlN is suggested to be highly desirable to maximize the advantages of the proposed encapsulated structure. The findings in this work could pave the way for reliable ultrahigh-density storage applications in the big data era.
Endotrophic Calcium, Strontium, and Barium Spores of <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> and <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (1966)

Foerster, Harold F. (The University of Texas, Austin), and J. W. Foster. Endotrophic calcium, strontium, and barium spores of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus cereus. J. Bacteriol. 91:1333-1345. 1966.-Spores were produced by washed vegetative cells suspended in deionized water supplemented with CaCl(2), SrCl(2), or BaCl(2). Normal, refractile spores were produced in each case; a portion of the barium spores lost refractility and darkened. Thin-section electron micrographs revealed no apparent anatomical differences among the three types of spores. Analyses revealed that the different spore types were enriched specifically in the metal to which they were exposed during sporogenesis. The calcium content of the strontium and the barium spores was very small. From binary equimolar mixtures of the metal salts, endotrophic spores accumulated both metals to nearly the same extent. Viability of the barium spores was considerably less than that of the other two types. Strontium and barium spores were heat-resistant; however, calcium was essential for maximal heat resistance. Significant differences existed in the rates of germination; calcium spores germinated fastest, strontium spores were slower, and barium spores were slowest. Calcium-barium and calcium-strontium spores germinated readily. Endotrophic calcium and strontium spores germinated without the prior heat activation essential for growth spores. Chemical germination of the different metal-type spores with n-dodecylamine took place at the same relative rates as physiological germination. Heat-induced release of dipicolinic acid occurred much faster with barium and strontium spores than with calcium spores. The washed "coat fraction" from disrupted spores contained little of the spore calcium but most of the spore barium. The metal in this fraction was released by dilute acid. The demineralized coats reabsorbed calcium and barium at neutral pH.