gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stroke break analysis (2005)

Handwriting recognition (HWR) input method has been considered to be one of the most usable text entry methods for handheld devices, especially for languages with large and complicated character sets such as Chinese. The paper studies stroke break times within handwritten characters and presents a new method for setting HWR timeout by examining the break time distributions. For multi-stroke character HWR input, a timeout is widely used as a segmentation technique to initiate the recognition process. In this paper, we examine the largest stroke break time in each character and explore the relationship between break time distribution and optimal HWR timeout. The study used Chinese as test material and the test independent variables were writing condition (input box, full screen) and user's posture while they were writing (hold device in hand, keep device on table). The main findings are: (1) the stroke break times are similar in full screen and input box conditions, though the users tend to write larger characters in full screen condition. (2) The stroke break times fit into a tight distribution. It is feasible to estimate optimal HWR timeout by studying stoke break time distribution. A nonparametric histogram method was used to model the stroke break distributions and it showed that typical Chinese HWR default timeouts are around 99% percentile in the distribution. (3) Differences in HWR stroke break distributions are very significant between individual users. The stroke break time analysis can also be applied to design HWR timeout customization scale.
Optical interleaver based on multicavity Fabry-Perot thin film filter (2002)

A simple and low-cost solution for interleaver used in optical communication, based on multi-cavity Fabry-Perot optical thin film filters, is presented. The analyses on this kind optical interleaver reveal the influencing factors that would affect the thin film interleaver performance, including the cavity's spacer thickness, ambient temperature variation, dispersion for the refractive index of deposited material depending on wavelength and the numbers of cavity that is important for passband flatness and isolation. The interleaver achieved to 100GHz-spaced channels, at wavelength around C band, with adjacent channel's cross-stalk less than —25dB and the minimum insertion loss nearly 0.4dB or so.
Narrow band imaging optical diagnosis of small colorectal polyps in routine clinical practice: the Detect Inspect Characterise Resect and Discard 2 (DISCARD 2) study (2016)

The study was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01603927).
Nonlinear Growth Curves in Developmental Research (2011)

Developmentalists are often interested in understanding change processes, and growth models are the most common analytic tool for examining such processes. Nonlinear growth curves are especially valuable to developmentalists because the defining characteristics of the growth process such as initial levels, rates of change during growth spurts, and asymptotic levels can be estimated. A variety of growth models are described beginning with the linear growth model and moving to nonlinear models of varying complexity. A detailed discussion of nonlinear models is provided, highlighting the added insights into complex developmental processes associated with their use. A collection of growth models are fit to repeated measures of height from participants of the Berkeley Growth and Guidance Studies from early childhood through adulthood.
Rooting the Phylogenetic Tree of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus by Characterization of a Conspecific Virus from an African Bat (2014)

It is unclear how, when, and where the highly pathogenic MERS-CoV emerged. We characterized the full genome of an African bat virus closely related to MERS-CoV and show that human, camel, and bat viruses belong to the same viral species. The bat virus roots the phylogenetic tree of MERS-CoV, providing evidence for an evolution of MERS-CoV in camels that preceded that in humans. The revised tree suggests that humans are infected by camels rather than vice versa. Although MERS-CoV cases occur mainly on the Arabian Peninsula, the data from this study together with serologic and molecular investigations of African camels indicate that the initial host switch from bats may have taken place in Africa. The emergence of MERS-CoV likely involved exchanges of genetic elements between different viral ancestors. These exchanges may have taken place either in bat ancestors or in camels acting as mixing vessels for viruses from different hosts.
ROSPEC - A Simple Reliable High Resolution Neutron Spectrometer (1997)

Journal Article ROSPEC - A Simple Reliable High Resolution Neutron Spectrometer Get access H. Ing, H. Ing Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. Clifford, T. Clifford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. McLean, T. McLean Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. Webb, W. Webb Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. Cousins, T. Cousins Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Dhermain J. Dhermain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 70, Issue 1-4, 1 April 1997, Pages 273–278, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a031959 Published: 01 April 1997
EXAMINATION OF ALTERNATIVE MODELS OF STUDENTS’ ASSESSMENT OF THEIR COLLEGE: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HARD AND SOFT SCIENCES (1989)

ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between the discriminable components of quality of learning experiences (that is, resources, content, learning flexibility, student‐faculty contact, and involvement) and students’ summative assessment of their college. The relative explanatory powers of three alternative combinatory models — the compensatory (linear‐additive), conjunctive, and disjunctive — are tested for. undergraduate students from hard and soft sciences. The conjunctive model provides the maximal predictability for hard sciences whereas all three models have the same explanatory powers in soft sciences. In addition, the five quality of learning experience components explain a higher portion of the variation of assessment in hard sciences than in soft sciences. Finally, the two dominant predictors of assessment in hard sciences are flexibility and involvement while the best determinants of assessment in soft sciences are flexibility and student‐faculty contact. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Dual Active/Passive Infrared Imaging Systems (1981)

The potential for developing infrared imaging systems with both and passive capabilities is examined. Active and passive systems are red and several approaches to dual active/passive systems are outlined. le systems are postulated and their performance is analyzed. Technol-d utilization considerations are discussed.
A Precise Drunk Driving Detection Using Weighted Kernel Based on Electrocardiogram (2016)

Globally, 1.2 million people die and 50 million people are injured annually due to traffic accidents. These traffic accidents cost $500 billion dollars. Drunk drivers are found in 40% of the traffic crashes. Existing drunk driving detection (DDD) systems do not provide accurate detection and pre-warning concurrently. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a proven biosignal that accurately and simultaneously reflects human's biological status. In this letter, a classifier for DDD based on ECG is investigated in an attempt to reduce traffic accidents caused by drunk drivers. At this point, it appears that there is no known research or literature found on ECG classifier for DDD. To identify drunk syndromes, the ECG signals from drunk drivers are studied and analyzed. As such, a precise ECG-based DDD (ECG-DDD) using a weighted kernel is developed. From the measurements, 10 key features of ECG signals were identified. To incorporate the important features, the feature vectors are weighted in the customization of kernel functions. Four commonly adopted kernel functions are studied. Results reveal that weighted feature vectors improve the accuracy by 11% compared to the computation using the prime kernel. Evaluation shows that ECG-DDD improved the accuracy by 8% to 18% compared to prevailing methods.
Effects of adenosine on bacterial lipopolysaccharide- and interleukin 1-induced nitric oxide release from equine articular chondrocytes (2002)

Adenosine and the nonspecific adenosine receptor agonist NECA inhibited inflammatory mediator-induced release of NO from equine articular chondrocytes. Modulation of adenosine receptor-mediated pathways may offer novel methods for treatment of inflammation in horses with joint disease.
A Simple and Effective Method for Phosphoryl Transfer Using TiCl<sub>4</sub> Catalysis. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Maximal Correlation Embedding Network for Multilabel Learning with Missing Labels (2019)

Multilabel learning, the problem of mapping each data instance to a subset of labels, appears frequently in many real-world applications. However, obtaining complete label annotation for every instance requires tremendous efforts, especially when the label set is large. As a result, multilabel learning with missing labels remains as a common challenge. Existing works either cannot handle missing labels or lack nonlinear expressiveness and scalability to large label set. In this paper, we present a novel end-to-end solution for multilabel learning with missing labels. Our algorithm, Maximal Correlation Embedding Network learns a low dimensional label embedding using an encoder-decoder architecture. It exploits label similarity through a maximal correlation regularization in the embedded label space to reduce the classification bias due to missing labels. A series of experiments on popular multilabel datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms state of the art, both in complete data and partially observed data.
The 1996 General Election in New Zealand: Proportional Representation and Political Change (1997)

Jonathan Boston, Stephen Levine, Elizabeth McLeay, Nigel S. Roberts, The 1996 General Election in New Zealand: Proportional Representation and Political Change, The Australian Quarterly, Vol. 69, No. 1 (Autumn, 1997), pp. 1-14
Diffusion and Heterogeneous Reaction. II. Catalytic Activity of Solids for Hydrogen-Atom Recombination (1958)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Bernard J. Wood, Henry Wise; Diffusion and Heterogeneous Reaction. II. Catalytic Activity of Solids for Hydrogen‐Atom Recombination. J. Chem. Phys. 1 December 1958; 29 (6): 1416–1417. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1744733 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Properties and Applications of Antimicrobial Peptides in Biodefense Against Biological Warfare Threat Agents (2008)

Recent advances in knowledge of the properties of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are reviewed. AMPs are typically small, positively charged, amphipathic peptides that interact electrostatically and non-stereospecifically with the bacterial cell membrane, resulting in its permeabilization and cell death. Classes of AMPs, their mechanisms of action, hemolytic activity, and cytotoxicity towards host cells are discussed. A particular focus is AMPs with potential for use in defense against biological warfare agents. Some AMPs cytotoxic to Bacillus anthracis have been described. Synthesis of these peptides in multivalent form leads to a synergistic increase in antibacterial activity. Strategies to enhance the potency, stability, and selectivity of AMPs are discussed.
Rabbit Placental Relaxin: Purification and Immunohistochemical Localization* (1985)

Rabbit placentas were extracted with 0.7 N HCl-acetone (3:5, vol/vol) containing protease inhibitors. Gel filtration (Sephadex G-50) followed by ion exchange chromatography (carboxymethyl cellulose) separated a bioactive relaxin-like fraction with a specific activity of 8.5 U/mg protein as determined by the in vitro mouse uterus bioassay. Column chromatography using Sepharose CL-4B in 6 M guanidine HCl was employed to purify the bioactive sample. The yield of the purified relaxin-like protein was 12 micrograms/g placenta and the specific activity was 23 U/mg protein. The bioactive sample was also immunoreactive after being electrophoretically transferred to nitrocellulose paper and stained using rabbit antiporcine relaxin serum and peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunochemistry. Isoelectrofocusing of the purified relaxin-like protein revealed one band with an isoelectric point of approximately 6.5. The apparent molecular weight of the rabbit relaxin was approximately 7200 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-urea slab gel electrophoresis. Upon reduction with 5.0% mercaptoethanol and electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-urea polyacrylamide gels, both the 7200 dalton rabbit immunoreactive relaxin-like polypeptide and porcine relaxin migrated as a lower molecular weight protein. These results suggest that rabbit relaxin, like pig, rat, shark, and human relaxin, consists of two chains linked by disulfide bonds. At the light microscopy level, immunohistochemical staining with guinea pig antiporcine relaxin serum indicated that relaxin was located in the syncytiotrophoblast cells of the placental labyrinth of day-23 and day-30 pregnant rabbits. The syncytiotrophoblast cells from day 16 of pregnancy did not stain for relaxin.
Calcium phosphate surfaces promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (2007)

Although studies in vivo revealed promising results in bone regeneration after implantation of scaffolds together with osteogenic progenitor cells, basic questions remain how material surfaces control the biology of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). We used human MSC derived from bone marrow and studied the osteogenic differentiation on calcium phosphate surfaces. In osteogenic differentiation medium MSC differentiated to osteoblasts on hydroxyapatite and BONITmatrix, a degradable xerogel composite, within 14 days. Cells revealed a higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and increased RNA expression of collagen I and osteocalcin using real-time RTPCR compared with cells on tissue culture plastic. To test whether material surface characteristics alone are able to stimulate osteogenic differentiation, MSC were cultured on the materials in expansion medium without soluble additives for osteogenic differentiation. Indeed, cells on calcium phosphate without osteogenic differentiation additives developed to osteoblasts as shown by increased ALP activity and expression of osteogenic genes, which was not the case on tissue culture plastic. Because we reasoned that the stimulating effect on osteogenesis by calcium phosphate surfaces depends on an altered cell-extracellular matrix interaction we studied the dynamic behaviour of focal adhesions using cells transfected with GFP labelled vinculin. On BONITmatrix, an increased mobility of focal adhesions was observed compared with cells on tissue culture plastic. In conclusion, calcium phosphate surfaces are able to drive MSC to osteoblasts in the absence of osteogenic differentiation supplements in the medium. An altered dynamic behaviour of focal adhesions on calcium phosphate surfaces might be involved in the molecular mechanisms which promote osteogenic differentiation.
The generation and trapping of a novel Dewar furan (1984)

2,4,7-Trimethyl-7-aza-3-oxatricyclo[3.3.0.02,4]oct-1·(5)-ene-6,8-dione (7), a derivative of the rarely observed Dewar furan ring-system, has been prepared by Zn–TiCl4 debromination of dibromide (6) and trapped in in situ with furan.
A Vectorial Approach for Generation of Optimal Current References for Multiphase Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines in Real Time (2011)

This paper deals with the generation of optimal current references for multiphase permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machines in normal or fault mode (open-circuited phases). Current references are computed in order to keep a constant torque while minimizing instantaneous joule losses. In comparison with commonly used scalar methods, a vectorial approach makes it possible to reduce the number of computations in order to generate optimal current references in real time. In addition to this, since current references are expressed in terms of physical parameters of the machine, this approach can be used to evaluate the influence of machine parameters over the control performances. Finally, experimental results of a surface-mounted PM five-phase synchronous machine are provided in order to demonstrate the proposed strategy.
Immunohistochemical Detection of Prion Protein in Sheep with Scrapie (1993)

Prion protein (PrP), which is involved in the pathogenesis of scrapie, occurs in 2 forms. The form extracted from scrapie brain is protease resistant (PrP-res), whereas PrP from normal brain is protease sensitive (PrP-sen). This study examined whether PrP-res could be detected in brains of sheep with scrapie by immunohistochemistry (IHC). A suitable IHC procedure was developed using brain tissue from hamsters that had been inoculated with the transmissible mink encephalopathy agent. Tissue samples were fixed in PLP (periodate, lysine, paraformaldehyde) that contained paraformaldehyde at a concentration of 0.125%. Before application of the IHC technique, tissue sections were deparaffinized and treated with formic acid to simultaneously enhance PrP-res immunoreactivity and degrade PrP-sen. Primary antibody was obtained from a rabbit immunized to PrP-res extracted from brains of mice with experimentally induced scrapie. Brain from 21 sheep with histopathologically confirmed scrapie were examined by IHC. In all 21 brains, PrP-res was widely distributed throughout the brain stem. Staining was particularly intense in neuronal cell bodies and around blood vessels. The IHC technique successfully detected PrP-res in brain samples that had been frozen or that were severely autolyzed before fixation in PLP. Brains from 11 scrapie-suspect sheep that were not considered histologically positive were also examined by IHC. PrP-res was found in 4 of these brains. Sections of brains from 14 clinically normal sheep did not have detectable PrP-res. Results of this study indicate that IHC detection of PrP-res is equivalent, and perhaps superior, to histopathology for the diagnosis of scrapie in sheep. Furthermore, IHC is applicable to tissues that have autolytic changes or processing artifacts that prevent satisfactory histopathologic evaluation for lesions of scrapie.
Analysis of hot-carrier Degradation in N-LDMOS Transistor with Step Gate Oxide (2010)

In order to minimize the hot-carrier effect (HCE) and maintain on-state performance in the high voltage N-type lateral double diffused MOS (N-LDMOS), an optimized device structure with step gate oxide is proposed. Compared with the conventional configuration, the electric field under the gate along the Si-SiO2 interface in the presented N-LDMOS can be greatly reduced, which favors reducing the hot-carrier degradation. The step gate oxide can be achieved by double gate oxide growth, which is commonly used in some smart power ICs. The differences in hot-carrier degradations between the novel structure and the conventional structure are investigated and analyzed by 2D technology computer-aided design (TCAD) numerical simulations, and the optimal length of the thick gate oxide part in the novel N-LDMOS device can also be acquired on the basis of maintaining the characteristic parameters of the conventional device. Finally, the practical degradation measurements of some characteristic parameters can also be carried out. It is found that the hot-carrier degradation of the novel N-LDMOS device can be improved greatly.
Factors Influencing Perceptions and Use of Urban Nature: Surveys of Park Visitors in Delhi (2017)

Urban green spaces provide important recreational, social and psychological benefits to stressed city residents. This paper aims to understand the importance of parks for visitors. We focus on Delhi, the world’s second most populous city, drawing on 123 interviews with park visitors in four prominent city parks. Almost all respondents expressed the need for more green spaces. Visitors valued parks primarily for environmental and psychological/health benefits. They had limited awareness of biodiversity, with one out of three visitors unable to identify tree species and one out of four visitors unable to identify animal species frequenting the park. Most of the daily visitors lived within 0.5 km of these parks, but a small fraction of visitors traveled over 10 km to visit these major parks, despite having smaller neighbourhood parks in their vicinity. This study demonstrates the importance of large, well-maintained, publicly accessible parks in a crowded city. The results can help to better plan and design urban green spaces, responding to the needs and preferences of urban communities. This research contributes to the severely limited information on people’s perceptions of and requirements from urban nature in cities of the Global South.
Dynamic video summarization and visualization (1999)

In this paper, we introduce a new video summarization procedure that produces a dynamic (video) abstract of the original video sequence. Our technique compactly summarizes a video data by preserving its original temporal characteristics (visual activity) and semantically essential information. It relies on an adaptive nonlinear sampling. The local sampling rate is directly proportional to the amount of visual' activity in localized sub-shot units of the video. The resulting video abstract is highly compact.
Synchronization and quorum sensing in a swarm of humanoid robots (2012)

With the advent of inexpensive simple humanoid robots, new classes of robotic questions can be considered experimentally. One of these is collective behavior of groups of humanoid robots, and in particular robot synchronization and swarming. The goal of this work is to robustly synchronize a group of humanoid robots, and to demonstrate the approach experimentally on a choreography of 8 robots. We aim to be robust to network latencies, and to allow robots to join or leave the group at any time (for example a fallen robot should be able to stand up to rejoin the choreography). Contraction theory is used to allow each robot in the group to synchronize to a common virtual oscillator, and quorum sensing strategies are exploited to fit within the available bandwidth. The humanoids used are Nao's, developed by Aldebaran Robotics.
Neutrophil Degranulation and Immunosuppression in Patients with GBM: Restoration of Cellular Immune Function by Targeting Arginase I (2011)

These data indicate that peripheral cellular immunosuppression in patients with GBM is associated with neutrophil degranulation and elevated levels of circulating ArgI, and that T-cell function can be restored in these individuals by targeting ArgI. These data identify a novel pathway of GBM-mediated suppression of cellular immunity and offer a potential therapeutic window for improving antitumor immunity in affected patients.
Millimeter-wave signal generation and control using optical heterodyne techniques and electro-optic devices (1991)

Optical heterodyne techniques can be used to generate millimeter-wave signals. Optical FM sideband injection locking can be used to acheive an extremely narrow spectral width millimeter-wave signal. The phase and amplitude of the millimeter-wave signal can be controlled using electro-optic waveguide components.