gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STAT5 activation contributes to growth and viability in Bcr/Abl-transformed cells (2000)

The transcription factor STAT5 is constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated and activated after transformation of hematopoietic cells by p210Bcr/Abl. A truncated form of STAT5B (triangle upSTAT5; aa, 1-683) that lacks tyrosine 699 and the transcriptional activation domain was introduced into Ba/F3p210 cells under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter. Treatment of these cells with doxycycline, a tetracycline analogue, induced expression of triangle upSTAT5 and inhibited STAT5-dependent transcription. triangle upSTAT5 coprecipitated with STAT5 and decreased Bcr/Abl-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous STAT5. Induction of triangle upSTAT5 inhibited growth of Ba/F3p210 cells (26%-52% of control levels at 4 days) but did not cause cell-cycle arrest. triangle upSTAT5 reduced viability of Ba/F3p210 cells and increased sensitivity of the cells to the cytotoxic drugs hydroxyurea and cytarabine. These results indicate that high-level expression of triangle upSTAT5, as achieved here by using a tetracycline-inducible promoter, inhibits STAT5 activity, reduces the growth rate of Ba/F3p210 cells by inhibiting viability, and results in increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. It is therefore likely that STAT5 activation plays a role in the transformation of hematopoietic cell lines by p210Bcr/Abl. (Blood. 2000;95:2118-2125)
Living cationic polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole initiated by hydrogen iodide (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiving cationic polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole initiated by hydrogen iodideMitsuo Sawamoto, Junichi Fujimori, and Toshinobu HigashimuraCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 5, 916–920Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00171a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00171a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views575Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Corrigendum to: The mystery of the trichothecene 3‐<i>O</i>‐acetyltransferase gene. Analysis of the region around <i>Tri101</i> and characterization of its homologue from <i>Fusarium sporotrichioides</i> (FEBS 20823) (1998)

The accession number of the DNA sequence around Tri101 (8646 bp) was incorrectly indicated in Fig. 1A (page 164) and in the text (page 165). The correct number is: AB011417.
Long expected sponges from the Neoproterozoic Ediacara fauna of South Australia (1996)

New fossils from the Neoproterozoic Ediacara fauna of South Australia are interpreted as the oldest known hexactinellid sponges. They occur within the Ediacara Member of the Rawnsley Quartzite (Pound Subgroup) from several locations in the Flinders Ranges. The new genus, Palaeophragmodictya , is characterized by disc-shaped impressions preserving characteristic spicular networks and is reconstructed as a convex sponge with a peripheral frill and an oscular disc at the apex.
The role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in density‐dependent growth control of normal rat kidney cells (1993)

In normal rat kidney cells protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) play a role in attaining density-dependent growth arrest after stimulation with mitogens. The PTPase inhibitor sodium orthovanadate prevents density-dependent growth inhibition of EGF-treated cells and mimicks in that respect the action of TGF beta and retinoic acid. However, enhanced PTPase activity is not obligatory for maintaining cells in a density-arrested state. In contrast to TGF beta and retinoic acid, vanadate is unable to restimulate density-inhibited cells, indicating that different mechanisms are operating. Yet, vanadate is strongly potentiating the effect of low concentrations of TGF beta but not of retinoic acid, implicating that tyrosine phosphorylation is linked to TGF beta action and that PTPase may represent a negative control element in the TGF beta signaling pathway.
Geology drilling log (GDL): A computer database system for drilling simulation (1984)

This decade has seen dramatic developments in the application of computer simulation in drilling. An example is the engineering simulator for drilling (ESD) currently under development at Amoco. A very distinctive capability of the ESD is the ability of the operator to simulate drilling in different and diverse geologic environments. This is accomplished by the use of a Geology Drilling Log (GDL) database system. In order to faithfully simulate the total drilling environment, the drilling variables and the static geologic conditions of the location under consideration must be represented in the database for the simulator. It is this database system that gives the ESD the flexibility to simulate drilling in different locations. Some of the parameters are derived from drilling and geologic models. Engineering models and other activities in the drilling simulator derive information from the GDL during the process of simulation. This paper discusses the processes involved in generating a GDL for the ESD. The types of data used, the methods of acquisition, analysis, and compilation of the data are presented. It discusses how an existing GDL can be modified to create a new GDL for use in drilling at an offset location. The modified GDL is then upgraded more » as drilling data is obtained while drilling at the new location. This paper also presents how the final GDL is integrated into the ESD. Particular consideration is given to some problem areas in the data. Even though the methodology applies to building a GDL for the ESD, the information presented in this paper shows the steps necessary for anyone to build their own GDL for their specific application. « less
Nursing staff contributions aid ambulatory eye surgery efficiency. (1994)

1. By fully involving the nursing staff in the entire operative process, a high rate of efficient, same-day cataract care can be achieved. 2. Many patients find consultation with a physician a stressful experience and fail to voice concerns and anxieties about their symptoms. Patients seem much more at ease with the nursing staff. If patients are relaxed during their surgery, it proceeds more effectively, and recovery is quicker. 3. Patients are reassured by greater contact with the nursing staff, and they are happier and more relaxed during their surgery and outpatient visits. Patients also enjoy meeting their nurse during the postoperative period and reporting on their progress. In this environment, a greater than 90% day-case surgery rate is easily achievable.
A model for the selective loss of major histocompatibility complex self-restricted T cell immune responses during the development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). (1986)

Abstract Functional analyses of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from high risk HTLV-III antibody-negative and antibody-positive donors, as well as from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS), and AIDS-related complex (ARC) were performed by the in vitro generation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and proliferative responses to the HLA self-restricted antigens of influenza virus (S + X) and to nonself restricted HLA alloantigens (ALLO). All 40 antibody-negative donors tested responded to both S + X and ALLO in the CTL response, whereas six of 14 antibody-positive, two of three LAS, four of five ARC, and seven of 17 AIDS patients exhibited a selective absence of CTL to S + X, but generated normal or elevated CTL responses to ALLO. Of the remaining 10 AIDS patients, nine did not respond to either S + X or ALLO, and one responded to both S + X and ALLO. A similar selective loss of the proliferative response to S + X was found. We also observed antibody-positive donors who initially generated CTL responses to S + X and ALLO, but lost the S + X response as a function of time. We were able to restore the selective loss of S + X CTL activity in vitro by the addition of IL 2 and, to some extent, by co-stimulation with S + X plus ALLO. Depletion of CD4+ T helper cells and removal of autologous antigen-presenting cells from the PBL of healthy antibody-negative donors indicated that distinct T helper cell subsets exist in human PBL, and that S + X responses must use a CD4+ T helper population, whereas ALLO responses can utilize an alternate CD4- T helper pathway. A model is presented indicating the selective depletion of CD4+ T helper function in the developmental stages of AIDS. The functional test for T helper activity to self restricted antigens may be the earliest indicator of immune functional loss in the development of AIDS, and may precede a reduction in the absolute number of CD4+ cells.
Pharmaceutical R&D Performance by Firm Size (2013)

The R&D productivity of pharmaceutical firms has become an increasingly significant concern of industry, regulators, and policymakers. To address an important aspect of R&D performance, public and private data sources were used to estimate clinical phase transition and clinical approval probabilities for the pipelines of the 50 largest pharmaceutical firms (by sales) by 3 firms size groups (top 10 firms, top 11-20 firms, and top 21-50 firms). For self-originated compounds, the clinical approval success rates were 14.3%, 16.4%, and 18.4% for top 10 firms, top 11-20 firms, and top 21-50 firms, respectively. The results showing higher success rates for smaller firms were largely driven by outcomes for the small-molecule drugs. Adjustments for the relatively small differences in therapeutic class distributions across the firm size groups showed that the success rate for small-molecule self-originated drugs was 6% below average for top 10 firms and 17% above average for top 21-50 firms. Although success rates for small firms were higher, this advantage was offset to some degree by lower returns on approved drugs, suggesting different strategic objectives with regard to risk and reward by firm size.
Sub-bandgap linear-absorption-based photodetectors in avalanche mode in PN-diode-integrated silicon microring resonators (2013)

We report a sub-bandgap linear-absorption-based photodetector in avalanche mode at 1550 nm in a PN-diode-integrated silicon microring resonator. The photocurrent is primarily generated by the defect-state absorption introduced by the boron and phosphorous ion implantation during the PN diode formation. The responsivity is enhanced by both the cavity effect and the avalanche multiplication. We measure a responsivity of ~72.8 mA/W upon 8 V at cavity resonances in avalanche mode, corresponding to a gain of ~72 relative to the responsivity of ~1.0 mA/W upon 3 V at cavity resonances in normal mode. Our device exhibits a 3 dB bandwidth of ~7 GHz and an open eye diagram at 15 Gbit/s upon 8 V.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained <i>trans</i>-2,3-Piperidinedicarboxylic Acid Derivatives (2007)

An efficient asymmetric synthesis of conformationally constrained (2S,3S)-piperidinedicarboxylic acid derivatives starting from l-aspartic acid β-tert-butyl ester and 3-chloro-2-(chloromethyl)-1-propene is described. The key steps involve N-alkylation of the aspartic acid ester followed by a stereoselective enolate intra­molecular cyclization (>95:5 dr). Various synthetic strategies were explored to achieve the cyclopropanation of the resulting olefin, ­including the Simmons-Smith reaction and palladium-catalyzed cyclopropanation.
Telomere length correlates with histopathogenesis according to the germinal center in mature B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (2004)

In this study we investigated telomere restriction fragment (TRF) length in a panel of mature B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (MBCLDs) and correlated this parameter with histology and histopathogenesis in relation to the germinal center (GC). We assessed 123 MBCLD samples containing 80% or more tumor cells. TRF length was evaluated by Southern blot analysis using a chemiluminescence-based assay. GC status was assessed through screening for stable and ongoing somatic mutations within the immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes. Median TRF length was 6170 bp (range, 1896-11 200 bp) and did not correlate with patient age or sex. TRF length was greater in diffuse large cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma (medians: 7789 bp, 9471 bp, and 7383 bp, respectively) than in mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (medians: 3582 bp and 4346 bp, respectively). GC-derived MBCLDs had the longest telomeres, whereas those arising from GC-inexperienced cells had the shortest (P < 10(-9)). We conclude that (1) TRF length in MBCLD is highly heterogeneous; (2) GC-derived tumors have long telomeres, suggesting that minimal telomere erosion occurs during GC-derived lymphomagenesis; and (3) the short TRF lengths of GC-inexperienced MBCLDs indicates that these neoplasms are good candidates for treatment with telomerase inhibitors, a class of molecules currently the subject of extensive preclinical evaluation.
Authenticating airline passengers (2003)

The events of 11 September 2001 sent a ripple of fear across the United States. The US government sought to alleviate the increased concerns by enforcing strict security in airports, government buildings and athletic stadiums; however, with any security there is a price. For airline passengers that price was long lines caused by multiple security checks placed throughout the nation's airport terminals. Also, security was infringing upon privacy and coming up with very few results. A secure method for authenticating airline passengers while allowing a certain level of privacy would need to be found. To provide security while maintaining privacy is the primary goal of Zero-knowledge. Zero-knowledge, as its name suggests, is an area of mathematics and computer science where the existence of a solution to a problem can be proved without giving away the solution. The goal is to create an application that could be run from any airport terminal to quickly and securely verify a passenger while preserving the passenger's privacy. The Zero-knowledge authentication protocol relies on a category of mathematics problems called NP-hard, where NP means non-probabilistic. The specific NP-hard problem used in this implementation is called the MinRank problem.
Nuclear Receptor Rev-erbα Is a Critical Lithium-Sensitive Component of the Circadian Clock (2006)

Lithium is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder, which is associated with altered circadian rhythm. Lithium is a potent inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), which regulates circadian rhythm in several organisms. In experiments with cultured cells, we show here that GSK3beta phosphorylates and stabilizes the orphan nuclear receptor Rev-erbalpha, a negative component of the circadian clock. Lithium treatment of cells leads to rapid proteasomal degradation of Rev-erbalpha and activation of clock gene Bmal1. A form of Rev-erbalpha that is insensitive to lithium interferes with the expression of circadian genes. Control of Rev-erbalpha protein stability is thus a critical component of the peripheral clock and a biological target of lithium therapy.
The ACCI access protocol for a twin bus ATM metropolitan area network (2002)

An access protocol suitable for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) operation in an integrated service broadband metropolitan area network (MAN) is presented. This protocol is designed for a twin-bus optical network and is characterized by a fully distributed control mechanism. A detailed description of the MAC procedure and the results of its performance evaluation are given. In particular, the high fairness degree and the very high throughput values that are the distinctive features of this protocol are highlighted and compared with those relevant to the current version of the IEEE standard 802.6.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improving IPC by kernel design (1993)

Inter-process communication (ipc) has to be fast and effective, otherwise programmers will not use remote procedure calls (RPC), multithreading and multitasking adequately. Thus ipc performance is vital for modern operating systems, especially μ-kernel based ones. Surprisingly, most μ-kernels exhibit poor ipc performance, typically requiring 100 μs for a short message transfer on a modern processor, running with 50 MHz clock rate.In contrast, we achieve 5 μs; a twentyfold improvement.This paper describes the methods and principles used, starting from the architectural design and going down to the coding level. There is no single trick to obtaining this high performance; rather, a synergetic approach in design and implementation on all levels is needed. The methods and their synergy are illustrated by applying them to a concrete example, the L3 μ-kernel (an industrial-quality operating system in daily use at several hundred sites). The main ideas are to guide the complete kernel design by the ipc requirements, and to make heavy use of the concept of virtual address space inside the μ-kernel itself.As the L3 experiment shows, significant performance gains are possible: compared with Mach, they range from a factor of 22 (8-byte messages) to 3 (4-Kbyte messages). Although hardware specific details influence both the design and implementation, these techniques are applicable to the whole class of conventional general purpose von Neumann processors supporting virtual addresses. Furthermore, the effort required is reasonably small, for example the dedicated parts of the μ-kernel can be concentrated in a single medium sized module.
Reception of mode-division multiplexed superchannel via few-mode compatible optical add/drop multiplexer (2012)

We report the first few-mode compatible optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) that enables add/drop functionality for mode division multiplexed (MDM) superchannels. The OADM is comprised of two cascaded free-space thin-film filters with 5° incident angle. The transmission of MDM superchannel CO-OFDM signals via the OADM is investigated. The experimental result shows that the OSNR penalties for add, drop and through ports are 2.6, 2.4, 0.7 dB, respectively for 3x318 Gb/s superchannels.
Scanning Tunneling Microscope Studies of Ultrathin Graphitic (Graphene) Films on an Insulating Substrate under Ambient Conditions (2008)

In the present study, a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), modified to include active lateral position feedback control, is employed to image single and few layer graphene films placed on a nonconductive substrate under ambient conditions. The return path for tunneling electrons was provided by gold electrodes produced by either electron beam lithography or shadow evaporation techniques. STM images of graphene films with a thickness of two or more layers display topographs that are similar to those obtained from a bulk graphite crystal. For single layer graphene sheets, the ability to obtain atomically resolved images was found to be extremely sensitive to sample preparation methods. Graphene microdevices produced by electron beam lithography with edges covered by gold electrodes show hexagonal patterns similar to those obtained from ultrahigh vacuum STM images reported earlier. Ambient STM measurements of graphene microdevices made by shadow mask evaporation, whose edges were exposed to air, exhibited chaotic topographs caused by instability in the STM feedback control loop due to interactions between tip and sample. STM images recorded on these samples reveal “noisy” topographs that are likely not related to any real surface features.
PathRank (2012)

In this paper, we present a novel random-walk based node ranking measure, PathRank, which is defined on a heterogeneous graph by extending the Personalized PageRank algorithm. Not only can our proposed measure exploit the semantics behind the different types of nodes and edges in a heterogeneous graph, but also it can emulate various recommendation semantics such as collaborative filtering, content-based filtering, and their combinations. The experimental results show that PathRank can produce more various and effective recommendation results compared to existing approaches.
Transformation of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> With Nonhomologous DNA: Illegitimate Integration of Transforming DNA into Yeast Chromosomes and in Vivo Ligation of Transforming DNA to Mitochondrial DNA Sequences (1993)

When the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with DNA that shares no homology to the genome, three classes of transformants were obtained. In the most common class, the DNA was inserted as the result of a reaction that appears to require base pairing between the target sequence and the terminal few base pairs of the transforming DNA fragment. In the second class, no such homology was detected, and the transforming DNA was integrated next to a CTT or GTT in the target; it is likely that these integration events were mediated by topoisomerase I. The final class involved the in vivo ligation of transforming DNA with nucleus-localized linear fragments of mitochondrial DNA.
Effects of "second-hand" smoke on structure and function of fibroblasts, cells that are critical for tissue repair and remodeling (2004)

Taken together, our results suggest that: (i) SSW may delay wound repair because of the inability of the fibroblasts to migrate into the wounded area, leading to an accumulation of these cells at the edge of the wound, thus preventing the formation of the healing tissue; (ii) the increase in cell survival coupled to the decrease in cell migration can lead to a build-up of connective tissue, thereby causing fibrosis and excess scarring.
Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing (2020)

3D printing by fused deposition modelling (FDM) enables rapid prototyping and fabrication of parts with complex geometries. Unfortunately, most materials suitable for FDM 3D printing are non-degradable, petroleum-based polymers. The current ecological crisis caused by plastic waste has produced great interest in biodegradable materials for many applications, including 3D printing. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), in particular, has been extensively investigated for FDM applications. However, most biodegradable polymers, including PLA, have insufficient mechanical properties for many applications. One approach to overcoming this challenge is to introduce additives that enhance the mechanical properties of PLA while maintaining FDM 3D printability. This review focuses on PLA-based nanocomposites with cellulose, metal-based nanoparticles, continuous fibers, carbon-based nanoparticles, or other additives. These additives impact both the physical properties and printability of the resulting nanocomposites. We also detail the optimal conditions for using these materials in FDM 3D printing. These approaches demonstrate the promise of developing nanocomposites that are both biodegradable and mechanically robust.