gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning Topic Representation for SMT with Neural Networks (2014)

Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) usually utilizes contextual information to disambiguate translation candidates. However, it is often limited to contexts within sentence boundaries, hence broader topical information cannot be leveraged. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to learning topic representation for parallel data using a neural network architecture, where abundant topical contexts are embedded via topic relevant monolingual data. By associating each translation rule with the topic representation, topic relevant rules are selected according to the distributional similarity with the source text during SMT decoding. Experimental results show that our method significantly improves translation accuracy in the NIST Chinese-to-English translation task compared to a state-of-the-art baseline.
Network configuration with plug-and-play components (2003)

The installation and configuration of a new network component is a difficult task due to the heterogeneous nature of today's telecommunication networks. First, a network administrator has to arrange for a hardware connection for the component, followed by the provisioning of software modules and adjustments of software attributes. Finally, the installed modules are to be set up and activated on the corresponding client components. All the aforementioned steps require substantial time, effort and extensive expertise from the network administrator, depending on the size, heterogeneity and other parameters of the network. One of the approaches to resolve the described problem is to automate the installation and configuration process of a new network component using the plug-and-play concept. Therefore, we define plug-and-play (PnP) network components to be components that are capable of configuring both themselves and other cooperating network components without human intervention.
Accessible new acrylic monomers and polymers as highly transparent organic materials (1992)

Abstract Theoretical studies of intrinsic absorption phenomena in organic compounds in a range of wavelengths from visible to near‐infrared (NIR), led us to synthesize acrylic monomers with variable molar number of CH per cubic centimeter, N CH . Thus, halogenoalkyl or aryl α‐chloroacrylates, α‐fluoroacrylates, and methacrylates are prepared. The corresponding homo‐ and copolymers exhibit good thermal ( T g from 120 to 160°C) and optical properties.
Mechanical Properties of Biomimetic Tissue Adhesive Based on the Microbial Transglutaminase-Catalyzed Crosslinking of Gelatin (2004)

Fibrin sealants are a type of soft tissue adhesive that employs biochemical reactions from the late stages of the blood coagulation cascade. Intrinsic to these adhesives are a structural protein and a transglutaminase crosslinking enzyme. We are investigating an alternative biomimetic adhesive based on gelatin and a calcium-independent microbial transglutaminase (mTG). Rheological measurements show that mTG catalyzes the conversion of gelatin solutions into hydrogels, and gel times are on the order of minutes depending on the gelatin type and concentration. Tensile static and dynamic loading of the adhesive hydrogels in bulk form demonstrated that the Young's modulus ranged from 15 to 120 kPa, and these bulk properties were comparable to those reported for hydrogels obtained from fibrin-based sealants. Lap-shear adhesion tests of porcine tissue were performed using a newly published American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard for tissue adhesives. The gelatin-mTG adhesive bound the opposing tissues together with ultimate adhesive strengths of 12-23 kPa which were significantly higher than the strength observed for fibrin sealants. Even after failure, strands of the gelatin-mTG adhesive remained attached to both of the opposing tissues. These results suggest that gelatin-mTG adhesives may offer the benefits of fibrin sealants without the need for blood products.
Applying Secure Multi-Party Computation In Practice (2017)

In this work, we present solutions for technical difficulties in deploying secure multi-party computation in real-world applications. We will first give a brief overview of the current state of the art, bring out several shortcomings and address them.<br> The main contribution of this work is an end-to-end process description of deploying secure multi-party computation for the first large-scale registry-based statistical study on linked databases. Involving large stakeholders like government institutions introduces also some non-technical requirements like signing contracts and negotiating with the Data Protection Agency.
A pBR322-derived Vector for Cloning Blunt-ended cDNA: Its Use to Detect Molecular Clones of Low-abundance mRNAs (1985)

In place of the unique Pst I site in pBR322, we have engineered by GC tailing a unique Sma I site bracketed by Pst I sites. The resulting vector, pDE61, and an improved derivative with greater symmetry around the Sma I site, pDE613, have been used to clone blunt-ended duplex cDNA molecules in Escherichia coli in an efficient manner (5 X 10(5) clones from 1 microgram of double-stranded cDNA). When DNA is cloned into the Sma I site, the ability of both vectors to confer ampicillin resistance is lost. Evidence suggests that functional beta-lactamase is made only after the GC-rich sequence containing the Sma I site is deleted: an insert in the Sma I site prevents this. Libraries in either vector, with single or multiple inserts, can be used to generate amplified amounts of cloned heterogeneous cDNA for screening other "target" libraries in a non-homologous vector (e.g., a Bacillus subtilis vector) for cDNA clones of low-abundance mRNAs. Species as infrequent as 0.003% can be readily detected by colony hybridization.
Characterization of the human beta-thromboglobulin gene. Comparison with the gene for platelet factor 4. (1991)

beta-Thromboglobulin (beta TG) is a platelet alpha-granule protein that is released in large amounts following platelet activation. This protein has approximately 70% amino acid identity with another platelet alpha granule protein, platelet factor 4 (PF4), and approximately 30% identity with other members of a family of proteins encoded by the small inducible genes (SIG) that are involved in the overlapping processes of inflammation, wound repair, and coagulation. Thus, the isolated beta TG gene is of interest in that it may further increase our understanding of beta TG's biological role, the regulation of its megakaryocytic-specific nature of expression, and the evolution and divergence of the SIG family. Using a beta TG cDNA isolated from a DAMI cell cDNA library, we cloned the corresponding beta TG gene. The gene is 1,139 base pairs (bp) long, and, like other members of the SIG family, the beta TG gene is divided into 3 exons. Two major transcriptional start sites were defined by primer extension analysis of platelet RNA, and, based on the more commonly used start site, the 5'-untranslated region is 87 bp. A TATA box is present beginning 32 bp upstream to this site. The first exon contains the 5'-untranslated region as well as the signal peptide. The second exon begins 6 bp 3' to the homologous site in PF4, and the third exon begins at a position homologous to that in PF4. Interestingly, the beta TG and PF4 genes have little detectable homology in the flanking or intronic sequences. In particular, a pyrimidine tract 5' to both the rat and human PF4 genes is not present in the upstream region of the beta TG gene. Genomic Southern blot analysis suggests that, as with the PF4 gene, there are multiple copies of the beta TG gene in the human genome. Chromosomal localization using polymerase chain reaction analysis of human/hamster somatic cell hybrids demonstrated that the beta TG gene, like the PF4 gene, is located on chromosome 4. It is, therefore, possible that the beta TG and PF4 gene form a single genomic locus on chromosome 4 whose members become coordinately activated during megakaryocyte differentiation.
Migrating Legacy Software to Microservices Architecture (2019)

As a legacy monolithic software become too large to deal with, many enterprises are drawn to breaking them down into the microservices architectural style. Migrating a monolithic architecture to an ecosystem of microservices is an epic journey. Each legacy monolithic application is unique and migration to microservices creates different challenges. This article elaborates on challenges and technics of legacy software migration from monolithic architecture to microservice architecture. Different migration methods and techniques are reviewed, and their benefits and drawbacks are analyzed. Microservices is a relatively new architectural style and legacy monoliths are very different in many aspects. Existing migration techniques and methods do not cover every use case.
Effects of Tyrosine Administration on Serum Biopterin in Normal Controls and Patients with Parkinson's Disease (1983)

After administration of tyrosine, total concentration of biopterin, the cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, was increased in the striatum, adrenal glands, and serum of rats, and in the serum of humans. Serum biopterin is lower in patients with Parkinson's disease than in normal controls. After oral administration of tyrosine, the increase in serum biopterin concentration was smaller in patients with Parkinson's disease (less than twofold) than in healthy controls (three-to sevenfold). These results suggest that tyrosine may have a regulatory role in biopterin biosynthesis and that patients with Parkinson's disease may have some abnormality in the regulation of biopterin biosynthesis.
Structure and the location of the morphotropic phase boundary region in (1-<i>x</i>)[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]-<i>x</i>PbTiO<sub>3</sub> (2001)

The structure of (1-x)[Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3]-xPbTiO3 is tetragonal and rhombohedral for x⩾0.35 and x⩽0.30, respectively. The intrinsic width of the morphotropic phase boundary region (0.30<x<0.35) is an order of magnitude smaller than hitherto believed. The structure of the morphotropic phase for x = 0.34 is shown to be monoclinic with space group Pm and not a mixture of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases.
Percutaneous aortic valve replacement for severe aortic regurgitation in degenerated bioprosthesis: The first valve in valve procedure using the corevalve revalving system (2007)

Percutaneous valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis has shown to be an alternative treatment option for non-surgical candidates. We report on the first successful valve in valve procedure in an 80-year-old patient with a severe regurgitation of a degenerated aortic bioprosthesis using the Corevalve Revalving system.
T-Drive trajectory data sample (2011)

This is a sample of T-Drive trajectory dataset that contains a one-week trajectories of 10,357 taxis. The total number of points in this dataset is about 15 million and the total distance of the trajectories reaches 9 million kilometers. Please cite the following papers when using the dataset: [1] Jing Yuan, Yu Zheng, Xing Xie, and Guangzhong Sun. Driving with knowledge from the physical world. In The 17th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data mining, KDD’11, New York, NY, USA, 2011. ACM. [2] Jing Yuan, Yu Zheng, Chengyang Zhang, Wenlei Xie, Xing Xie, Guangzhong Sun, and Yan Huang. T-drive: driving directions based on taxi trajectories. In Proceedings of the 18th SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, GIS ’10, pages 99-108, New York, NY, USA,2010. ACM. Download the Trajectory Data
An Adaptive Multi-Agent Architecture for the ProFusion* Meta Search System. (1997)

The goal of this project is to develop an intelligent, adaptive Web search tool. Our work is based on ProFusion, a Web meta-search engine developed at the University of Kansas. ProFusion analyzes incoming queries, categorizes them, and automatically picks the best search engines for the query based on a priori knowledge (confidence factors) which represents the suitability of each search engine for each category. It uses these confidence factors to merge the search results into a re-weight list of the returned documents, removes duplicates and, optionally, broken links and presents the final rank-ordered list to the user. The main goals of the current research are to 1) provide ProFusion with a multi-agent architecture which is easier to extend, maintain and distribute and 2) to include automatic adaptation algorithms to replace the hard-coded a priori knowledge. The multi-agent system consists of four different types of agents, namely, a dispatch agent, a search agent, a learning agent, and a guarding agent. The dispatch agent communicates with the user and then dispatches queries to the search agent and the learning agent. The search agent interacts with the underlying search engines and is responsible for reporting search results, confidence factors, and time-out values of the underlying search engines to the dispatch agent, as well as invoking the guarding agent when necessary. The learning agent is in charge of the learning and development of the underlying search engines, in particular adjusting confidence factors. The guarding agent is invoked when a search engine is down and it is responsible for preventing the dispatch of future queries to a non-responsive search engine as well as detecting when the search engine is back online. Figure 1 shows the control flow and intercommunication between agents in the ProFusion system. Our multi-agent architecture demonstrates various desirable agent characteristics [Mae 1994] including: task-oriented modules, task-specific solutions, de-emphasized representations, decentralized control structure, and learning and development. The search agent, learning agent, and guarding agent each consists of a set of 6 identical competence modules, each of which is responsible for one of 6 underlying search engines (task-oriented modules). These competence modules are self-contained black boxes which handle all the representation, computation, reasoning, and execution that is necessary for its particular search engine. Although all 6 competence modules for each of the 3 agents are implemented using identical code, each uses its own local configuration and knowledge files to achieve its competence (task-oriented competence). In other words, there is no central representation shared by the several modules. Instead, every task-oriented module represents locally whatever it needs to operate autonomously. The localized representations of different modules are not related (de-emphasized representations).
Non-contrast-enhanced four-dimensional (4D) intracranial MR angiography: A feasibility study (2010)

T(1)-shortening contrast agents have been widely used in time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography. To match imaging data acquisition with the short time period of the first pass of contrast agent, temporal resolution and/or spatial resolution have to be compromised in many cases. In this study, a novel non-contrast-enhanced technique was developed for time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography. Alternating magnetization preparation was applied in two consecutive acquisitions of each measurement to eliminate the need for contrast media. Without the constraint of contrast media kinetics, temporal resolution is drastically improved from the order of a second as in conventional contrast-enhanced approach to tens of milliseconds (50.9 msec) in this study, without compromising spatial resolution. Initial results from volunteer studies demonstrate the feasibility of this method to depict anatomic structure and dynamic filling of main vessels in the head.
A Permanent Magnet Integrated Starter Generator for Electric Vehicle Onboard Range Extender Application (2012)

This paper deals with a permanent magnet (PM) brushless machine used for integrated starter generator (ISG) in an electric vehicle (EV) onboard range extender (ORX). Proper machine configuration selection is briefly introduced. Then, ISGs with both surface-mounted PM (SPM) and interior PM (IPM) rotors have been developed for comparatively analysis. Some techniques for eddy current loss reduction are discussed, while influence of the rotor protecting sleeve material and thickness, axial segmental sleeves, and short circuit rings (ShCRs) around each magnet are particularly investigated. Subsequently, experimental results as of the starter and generator are presented respectively. Moreover, cost evaluation is also presented.
The non-clonality of drug resistance in Beijing-genotype isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the Western Cape of South Africa (2010)

While MDR-TB is spreading by transmission in the Western Cape, our data suggests that further drug resistance (i.e. XDR-TB) at this stage is acquired.
Regulated expression of VP16CREB in neuroblastoma cells: Analysis of differentiation and apoptosis (2004)

Highly malignant neuroblastoma tumors generally have defects in differentiation and apoptotic pathways. For a better understanding of these events, we use a murine neuroblastoma cell line (NBP2) that terminally differentiates into mature neurons in response to elevated levels of cAMP. Because one of the main downstream effectors of the cAMP signaling pathway is cAMP-response element binding (CREB), we reasoned that it might affect the expression of genes associated with differentiation and apoptotic events in NBP2 cells. To investigate this, we established tetracycline-regulated expression (TetOff) of VP16CREB, which constitutively transactivates promoters containing the CRE sequence motif. Using this system, we found that inducible expression of VP16CREB in NBP2 cells results in 1) morphological differentiation that is characterized by the formation of neurites and growth cones, 2) reversible cell differentiation unlike cAMP-induced terminal differentiation, 3) cell cycle arrest at G1, 4) no apoptosis in the presence of partial inhibition of proteasome unlike an increase in cAMP levels, and 5) changes in the expression of many genes, including down-regulation of N-myc, cyclin B1, Dickkopf-1, and Mad-2 and up-regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase, c-fos, N10, and ICER genes. Although VP16CREB expression and activation of the cAMP pathway impart many similar effects in NBP2 cells, they also bear some distinct genetic and morphological differences. Our data suggest that increased levels of cAMP function through not only CREB but also other signaling pathways that account for the additional cAMP-induced effects, including irreversible differentiation and onset of apoptosis during partial inhibition of proteasome in NBP2 cells.
Protein <i>trans</i> -Splicing To Produce Herbicide-Resistant Acetolactate Synthase (2001)

Protein splicing in trans has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro by biochemical and immunological analyses, but in vivo production of a functional protein by trans-splicing has not been reported previously. In this study, we used the DnaE intein from Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803, which presumably reconstitutes functional DnaE protein by trans-splicing in vivo, to produce functional herbicide-resistant acetolactate synthase II (ALSII) from two unlinked gene fragments in Escherichia coli. The gene for herbicide-resistant ALSII was fused in frame to DnaE intein segments capable of promoting protein splicing in trans and was expressed from two compatible plasmids as two unlinked fragments. Cotransformation of E. coli with the two plasmids led to production of a functional enzyme that conferred herbicide resistance to the host E. coli cells. These results demonstrate the feasibility of expressing functional genes from two unlinked DNA loci and provide a model for the design of nontransferable transgenes in plants.
Interactive multimedia satellite access communications (2003)

Recent advances in satellite technology are making possible the development of broadband satellite access (BSA) systems for two-way access to multimedia Internet services. This article provides an overview of BSA systems with an emphasis on resource management and interworking techniques to support IP-based multimedia services. The article draws on collaborative research performed over the past few years as part of the Broadband Satellite Communications Major Project of the Canadian Institute of Telecommunications Research. Some key innovations are described: combined free/demand assigned multiple access (CFDAMA) for dynamic satellite bandwidth allocation; an architecture for DiffServ provisioning over BSA systems; and a dynamic TCP Vegas protocol as a proxy service for split-TCP connections over BSA systems.
Solvent Extraction of Iron(III) from Acid Sulphate Solutions by Mono(2-Ethyl Hexyl) Phosphoric Acid (1989)

The innovative use of mono (2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid (H2MEHP) as a selective extractant of iron (III) from concentrated sulphuric acid solutions is reported. In a mixture with a long-chain alcohol as modifier and an aliphatic diluent, the extractant was found to extract iron(III) at high rates and loadings from feed liquors of varying H2SO4 concentrations (up to 150 g/l), thus effectively eliminating the need for pH control. This solvent extraction system is particularly suited for iron(III) removal from zinc hot acid leach solutions (Fe/Zn separation factors > 3000). Amongst the various stripping agents tested, strong HCl solutions were found to back-extract iron (III) most effectively from the loaded solvent. Both extraction and stripping operations exhibited very good phase separation characteristics.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag Polyprotein Multimerization Requires the Nucleocapsid Domain and RNA and Is Promoted by the Capsid-Dimer Interface and the Basic Region of Matrix Protein (1999)

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag polyprotein directs the formation of virions from productively infected cells. Many gag mutations disrupt virion assembly, but little is known about the biochemical effects of many of these mutations. Protein-protein interactions among Gag monomers are believed to be necessary for virion assembly, and data suggest that RNA may modify protein-protein interactions or even serve as a bridge linking Gag polyprotein monomers. To evaluate the primary sequence requirements for HIV-1 Gag homomeric interactions, a panel of HIV-1 Gag deletion mutants was expressed in bacteria and evaluated for the ability to associate with full-length Gag in vitro. The nucleocapsid protein, the major RNA-binding domain of Gag, exhibited activity comparable to that of the complete polyprotein. In the absence of the nucleocapsid protein, relatively weak activity was observed that was dependent upon both the capsid-dimer interface and basic residues within the matrix domain. The relevance of the in vitro findings was confirmed with an assay in which nonmyristylated mutant Gags were assessed for the ability to be incorporated into virions produced by wild-type Gag expressed in trans. Evidence of the importance of RNA for Gag-Gag interaction was provided by the demonstration that RNase impairs the Gag-Gag interaction and that HIV-1 Gag interacts efficiently with Gags encoded by distantly related retroviruses and with structurally unrelated RNA-binding proteins. These results are consistent with models in which Gag multimerization involves indirect contacts via an RNA bridge as well as direct protein-protein interactions.