gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvement of video text recognition by character selection (2002)

This paper proposes a new method for improving the recognition accuracy of video text by exploiting the temporal redundancy of video. The proposed method divides the video into short segments and obtains several recognition results from some video segments. The video segments have various backgrounds because background image changes temporally due to camera-work or object motion. These recognition results from diverse backgrounds are integrated into a single text string after selecting the best recognition results of individual characters. The proposed method was tested on a large set of news video sequences. Experimental results show that the proposed method increased the number of correct characters by 3.1% and the number of strings which do not include any recognition errors by 8.1%.
Charismatic Leadership in Service‐producing Organizations (1992)

Presents a summary of theoretical leader behaviours and effects and the empirical findings relevant to a new genre of leadership theory. The new paradigm, emerging over the last decade and a half, focuses on outstanding leaders, variously referred to as charismatic, visionary, inspirational or transformational and derives from approximately 25 empirical investigations, based on a wide variety of samples and methods and conducted in a variety of cultures, collectively. Strong convergence among the findings of these studies indicates that the new genre of theory, when operationalized in a number of ways, accounts for substantial variance in leader and follower effectiveness, follower motivation, commitment and satisfaction as well as team performance. Discusses the relevance of such leadership to service‐producing organizations.
Properties of ion-implanted junctions in mercury&#8212;cadmium&#8212;telluride (1980)

The formation of n-p junctions by ion-implantation in Hg <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.71</inf> Cd <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.29</inf> Te is shown to be a result of implantation damage. n-p photodiodes have been made by implantation of Ar, B, Al, and P in a p-type substrate with acceptor concentration of 4 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . The implanted n-type layer is characterized by sheet electron concentration of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sup> to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> and electron mobility higher than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> . s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> , for ion doses in the range 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sup> -5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> . The photodiodes have a spectral cutoff of 5.2 µm, quantum efficiency higher than 80 percent, and differential resistance by area product above 2000 Ω . cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 77 K. The temperature dependence of the differential resistance is discussed. The junction capacitance dependence on reverse voltage fits a linearly graded junction model. Reverse current characteristics at 77 K have been investigated using gate-controlled diodes. The results suggest that reverse breakdown is dominated by interband tunneling in field-induced junctions at the surface, for both polarities of surface potential.
Active Videogaming in Youth with Physical Disability: Gameplay and Enjoyment (2016)

Game performance and exercise intensity were positively correlated with AVG enjoyment in youth with physical disability, specifically mobility impairments. Further research is warranted to examine the capacity of AVG play to be an enjoyable health-enhancing activity for individuals with physical disability.
Energetic polyurethanes from branched glycidyl azide polymer and copolymer (1996)

Branched glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) and glycidyl azide–ethylene oxide copolymer (GEC) have been prepared by a degradation process using different polyols in the synthesis reaction. The azido homopolymers and copolymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography and viscometry techniques. Energetic polyurethanes were then obtained from the curing of branched glycidyl azide polymers and copolymers using isophorone diisocyanate as a curing agent. The polyurethanes were characterized using thermomechanical analysis and tensile testing. The polyurethane copolymers have generally a higher elongation at break and a lower glass transition temperature than their GAP homopolymer counterparts. The polyol reactant used in the synthesis of GAP and GEC had an effect on the mechanical properties of the polyurethanes obtained from these polymers. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Dicyclomine for medical management of persistent anal fissure with associated spasm of the internal sphincter. (1992)

The case of a 43-year-old woman with persistent anal fissure responsive to dicyclomine is described. Associated spasm of the internal sphincter had precluded fissure healing. The spasm of the internal sphincter relaxed within 24 hours of dicyclomine administration and subsequently allowed healing. Surgery was avoided.
Performance of a Synthetic-Aperture Mapping Radar System (1964)

An ideal synthetic-aperture mapping radar system is postulated. The response of this system is then computed for 1) a point target, 2) locally homogeneous terrain, and 3) terrain of arbitrary reflectivity. Relationships for achievable resolution, swath width, and final map SNR vs the independent parameters of vehicle altitude, terrain scattering coefficient, carrier wavelength, vehicle velocity, and average radiated power are developed. The ideal system considered in this paper can be approximated in practice, for small real-antenna beamwidths, by using large time-bandwidth chirp waveforms and sin x/ x illumination of the real-antenna aperture.
Effects of Preoperative Electrical Stimulability and Historical Factors on Performance with Multichannel Cochlear Implant (1991)

We investigated the relationship between results of preoperative transtympanic electrical promontory stimulation, duration of deafness, postoperative implanted psychophysical results, and postoperative speech and speech sound recognition as indicated by a battery of five tests. Our subjects were 10 patients implanted with the Cochlear Corporation multielectrode implant, 1 year postimplantation, with a minimum of 17 active electrodes programmed in the bipolar + 1 mode. The results indicated that preoperative promontory thresholds, the slope of the threshold function, and the duration of auditory deprivation are excellent predictors of postoperative speech and speech sound recognition in the auditory (processor alone) mode. These results have significant implications for patient selection and counseling.
TrkA Receptor Activation by Nerve Growth Factor Induces Shedding of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Followed by Endosomal γ-Secretase-mediated Release of the p75 Intracellular Domain (2007)

Neurotrophins are trophic factors that regulate important neuronal functions. They bind two unrelated receptors, the Trk family of receptor-tyrosine kinases and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75). p75 was recently identified as a new substrate for gamma-secretase-mediated intramembrane proteolysis, generating a p75-derived intracellular domain (p75-ICD) with signaling capabilities. Using PC12 cells as a model, we studied how neurotrophins activate p75 processing and where these events occur in the cell. We demonstrate that activation of the TrkA receptor upon binding of nerve growth factor (NGF) regulates the metalloprotease-mediated shedding of p75 leaving a membrane-bound p75 C-terminal fragment (p75-CTF). Using subcellular fractionation to isolate a highly purified endosomal fraction, we demonstrate that p75-CTF ends up in endosomes where gamma-secretase-mediated p75-CTF cleavage occurs, resulting in the release of a p75-ICD. Moreover, we show similar structural requirements for gamma-secretase processing of p75 and amyloid precursor protein-derived CTFs. Thus, NGF-induced endocytosis regulates both signaling and proteolytic processing of p75.
Pseudo-capacitive Behavior of Cobalt Hydroxide/Carbon Nanotubes Composite Prepared by Cathodic Deposition (2006)

A novel type of composite electrode based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes coated with sheet-like cobalt hydroxide particles was used in supercapacitors. Cobalt hydroxide cathodically deposited from Co(NO3)2 solution with carbon nanotubes as matrix exhibited large pseudo-capacitance of 322 F/g in 1 mol/L KOH. To characterize the cobalt hydroxide nanocomposite electrode, a charge-discharge cycling test, cyclic voltammetry, and an impedance test were done. This cobalt hydroxide composite exhibiting excellent pseudo-capacitive behavior (i.e. high reversibility, high specific capacitance, low impedance), was demonstrated to be a candidate for the application of electrochemical supercapacitors. A combined capacitor consisting of cobalt hydroxide composite as a cathode and activated carbon fiber as an anode was reported. The electrochemical performance of the combined capacitor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and a dc charge/discharge test. The combined capacitor showed ideal capacitor behavior with an extended operating voltage of 1.4 V. According to the extended operating voltage, the energy density of the combined capacitor at a current density of 100 mA/cm2 was found to be 11 Wh/kg. The combined capacitor exhibited high-energy density and stable power characteristics.
Progress in gene targeting and gene therapy for retinitis pigmentosa (1994)

Previously, we localized disease genes involved in retinitis pigmentosa (RP), an inherited retinal degeneration, close to the rhodopsin and peripherin genes on 3q and 6p. Subsequently, we and others identified mutations in these genes in RP patients. Currently animal models for human retinopathies are being generated using gene targeting by homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells. Genomic clones for retinal genes including rhodopsin and peripherin have been obtained from a phage library carrying mouse DNA isogenic with the ES cell line (CC1.2). The peripherin clone has been sequenced to establish the genomic structure of the mouse gene. Targeting vectors for rhodopsin and peripherin including a neomycin cassette for positive selection and thymidine kinase genes enabling selection against random intergrants are under construction. Progress in vector construction will be presented. Simultaneously we are developing systems for delivery of gene therapies to retinal tissues utilizing replication-deficient adenovirus (Ad5). Efficacy of infection subsequent to various methods of intraocular injection and with varying viral titers is being assayed using an adenovirus construct containing a CMV promoter LacZ fusion as reporter and the range of tissues infected and the level of duration of LacZ expression monitored. Viral constructs with the LacZ reporter gene undermore » the control of retinal specific promoters such as rhodopsin and IRBP cloned into pXCJL.1 are under construction. An update on developments in photoreceptor cell-directed expression of virally delivered genes will be presented.« less
Paper‐Based Supercapacitors for Self‐Powered Nanosystems (2012)

Energiespeicher aus Papier: Papierbasierte, flexible Festkörpersuperkondensatoren wurden erzeugt, die mit einem piezoelektrischen Biegewandler oder einer Solarzelle geladen und durch Betreiben eines Spannungssensors oder einer blau emittierenden Diode entladen werden. Die Kondensatoren können in energieautarken Nanosystemen eingesetzt werden (siehe Bild). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Reactivity of surface groups formed onto a plasma treated poly(propylene) film (1999)

Cold plasma treatments of polymers, dry processes, allow either the elaboration of hydrophilic or hydrophobic surfaces. For example, a poly(propylene) film treated in nitrogen plasma shows a surface having a hydrophilic and basic character since amino groups are attached onto the surface during the treatment. The treatment induces an increase of the surface tension of the polymeric material, which may be sometimes destroyed by an aging effect. For the treatment of poly(propylene) in nitrogen plasma, the aging is mostly due to a motion of attached groups from the surface to the bulk of the material and some oxidation of radicals formed during plasma treatment. The surface radicals formed and used for a post-reaction such as grafting are characterized in terms of chemical nature, density and reactivity.
Simplified Method for Esophagus Protection during Atrial Fibrillation Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation - Prospective Study of 704 Cases (2015)

Mechanical esophageal displacement by transesophageal echocardiography transducer during radiofrequency catheter ablation was able to prevent a rise in esophageal luminal temperature, helping to avoid esophageal thermal lesion. In most cases, the esophageal displacement was sufficient to allow safe radiofrequency application without esophagus overlapping, being a convenient alternative in reducing the risk of atrioesophageal fistula.
Constituents and Biological Activities from Muehlenbeckia hastulata (2002)

Muehlenbeckia hastulata (J. E.Sm.) Johnst. used mainly for its abortive properties was found active for oxytoxic and analgesic activities in a biological activity screening (oxytoxic, analgesic, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and xanthine oxidase assay). Epicatechin, emodin-8-glycoside and rutin were isolated from the aerial part and the root of the plant.
A high-speed real-time digital signal processor for the modulated frequency stepped pulse radar signal (2002)

The modulated frequency stepped pulse radar signal uses a chirp signal as the in-burst pulse of a frequency stepped pulse string radar signal, so it has the advantages of both chirp pulse and frequency stepped burst. The signal processing algorithms should firstly do chirp pulse compression, then do IFFT to acquire the high range resolution. This paper analyzes the algorithms of this kind of radar signal processing, implements the signal processor on the most powerful DSP chip TMS320C6201, analyzes the finite word length effect caused by the TMS320C6201, and offers the solution to this effect.
Applied Behavior Analysis (2002)

The techniques of applied behavior analysis (ABA) are effective in altering the developmental trajectory of some very young children with autism. This research suggests that early, intensive treatment using the methods of ABA enables a significant number of children to enter the educational mainstream and achieve normal intellectual functioning. Both home-based and center- or school-based models have been used to deliver these services. Although discrete trial instruction is one of the most potent tools of early ABA teaching, a number of variations on this theme—the initial teaching of mands (requests), the use of an enriched environment with many items attractive to the child, and a focus on teaching the child to be highly skilled (fluent) in a behaviorall have the potential to be valuable teaching approaches.
Rule induction with extension matrices (1998)

This article presents a heuristic, attribute-based, noise-tolerant data mining program, HCV (Version 2.0), based on the newly-developed extension matrix approach. By dividing the positive examples (PE) of a specific class in a given example set into intersecting groups and adopting a set of strategies to find a heuristic conjunctive formula in each group which covers all the group's positive examples and none of the negative examples (NE), the HCV induction algorithm adopted in the HCV (Version 2.0) software finds a description formula in the form of variable-valued logic for PE against NE in low-order polynomial time at induction time. In addition to the HCV induction algorithm, this article also outlines some of the techniques for noise handling and discretization of numerical domains developed and implemented in the HCV (Version 2.0) software, and provides a performance comparison of HCV (Version 2.0) with other data mining algorithms ID3, C4.5, C4.5rules, and NewID in noisy and continuous domains. The empirical comparison shows that the rules generated by HCV (Version 2.0) are more compact than the decision trees or rules produced by ID3-like algorithms, and HCV's predicative accuracy is competitive with ID3-like algorithms. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sphingosine Regulates the Transcription of CYP17 by Binding to Steroidogenic Factor-1 (2006)

Steroidogenic factor (SF1, Ad4BP, NR5A1) is a nuclear receptor that is essential for steroid hormone biosynthesis and endocrine development. Recent crystallographic studies have found that phospholipids are ligands for SF1. In the present study, our aim was to identify endogenous ligands for SF1 and characterize their functional significance in mediating cAMP-dependent transcription of human CYP17. Using tandem mass spectrometry, we show that in H295R adrenocortical cells, SF1 is bound to sphingosine (SPH) and lyso-sphingomyelin (lysoSM) under basal conditions and that cAMP stimulation decreases the amount of SPH and lysoSM bound to the receptor. Silencing both acid and neutral ceramidases using small interfering RNA induces CYP17 mRNA expression, suggesting that SPH acts as an inhibitory ligand. SPH antagonized the ability of cAMP and the coactivator steroid receptor coactivator-1 to increase CYP17 reporter gene activity. These studies demonstrate that SPH is a bonafide endogenous ligand for SF1 and a negative regulator of CYP17 gene expression.
Megakaryocyte Ploidy and Platelet Changes in Human Diabetes and Atherosclerosis (1997)

Altered platelet morphology and function have been reported in patients with diabetes. They are likely to be associated with the pathological processes and increased risk of vascular disease seen in these patients. Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet count, and megakaryocyte (MK) ploidy (DNA content) were measured in (1) nondiabetics with normal coronary arteries, (2) nondiabetics with coronary artery atherosclerosis, (3) diabetics without evidence of vascular complications, and (4) diabetics with vascular disease. The platelet count (+/- SD) was increased in all groups but only significantly in the diabetics with vascular disease (236 +/- 65 versus 250 +/- 54 versus 257 +/- 64 versus 295 +/- 90 [P < or = .05] x 10(9)/L, for groups, I, II, II, and IV, respectively). The MPV was significantly increased in patients with atherosclerosis (7.0 +/- 0.4 versus 8.0 +/- 1.2 [P < or = .05] versus 7.2 +/- 0.9 versus 8.1 +/- 0.9 [P < or = .05] IL). Geometric mean MK ploidy was significantly increased in all groups compared with controls (16 +/- 1.5 versus 18.7 +/- 1.8 [P < or = .05] versus 19.8 +/- 1.6 [P < or = .05] versus 20.1 +/- 2.7 [P < or = .05]). Furthermore, some patients with vascular disease and/or diabetes had a modal ploidy shift from 16 (the normal mammalian modal ploidy) to 32, with a concomitant reduction of MKs in the 8 and 16 ploidy classes. This shift was seen particularly in the diabetics with vascular disease (P = .007). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured and were elevated in patients with atherosclerosis; the highest levels were found in the diabetic patients (0.7 +/- 0.9 versus 5.3 +/- 5.5 [P < or = .05] versus 2.5 +/- 2.8 versus 6.7 +/- 5.5 [P < or = .05] ng/L). In the diabetic patients with atherosclerosis, fibrinogen levels were also increased (2.85 +/- 0.76 versus 3.34 +/- 1.32 versus 2.43 +/- 1.50 versus 5.59 +/- 1.72 [P < or = .05] g/L). Furthermore, IL-6 levels correlated with MK ploidy (r = .45, P = .009) and fibrinogen levels (r = .5, P = .0001). This study demonstrates that patients with vascular disease, particularly diabetics, have an altered MK ploidy distribution, showing a shift toward higher ploidy in association with an increased platelet mass (count x volume). Changes in platelets in diabetes probably reflect MK changes, which themselves are a response to systemic change.
Fiber Type Conversion by PGC-1α Activates Lysosomal and Autophagosomal Biogenesis in Both Unaffected and Pompe Skeletal Muscle (2010)

PGC-1α is a transcriptional co-activator that plays a central role in the regulation of energy metabolism. Our interest in this protein was driven by its ability to promote muscle remodeling. Conversion from fast glycolytic to slow oxidative fibers seemed a promising therapeutic approach in Pompe disease, a severe myopathy caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) which is responsible for the degradation of glycogen. The recently approved enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has only a partial effect in skeletal muscle. In our Pompe mouse model (KO), the poor muscle response is seen in fast but not in slow muscle and is associated with massive accumulation of autophagic debris and ineffective autophagy. In an attempt to turn the therapy-resistant fibers into fibers amenable to therapy, we made transgenic KO mice expressing PGC-1α in muscle (tgKO). The successful switch from fast to slow fibers prevented the formation of autophagic buildup in the converted fibers, but PGC-1α failed to improve the clearance of glycogen by ERT. This outcome is likely explained by an unexpected dramatic increase in muscle glycogen load to levels much closer to those observed in patients, in particular infants, with the disease. We have also found a remarkable rise in the number of lysosomes and autophagosomes in the tgKO compared to the KO. These data point to the role of PGC-1α in muscle glucose metabolism and its possible role as a master regulator for organelle biogenesis - not only for mitochondria but also for lysosomes and autophagosomes. These findings may have implications for therapy of lysosomal diseases and other disorders with altered autophagy.