gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beta 2-microglobulin induces calcium efflux from cultured neonatal mouse calvariae (1992)

beta 2-Microglobulin (beta 2M) polymerizes to form amyloid fibrils that deposit and cause destructive bone lesions in patients on chronic dialytic therapy. beta 2 M is mitogenic to osteoblasts; however, its effect on bone mineralization is unknown. To determine whether beta 2M causes bone demineralization, neonatal mouse calvariae were incubated with and without beta 2M, and net calcium flux was calculated. Following a 48-h but not 3- or 24-h incubation, beta 2M (10(-8)-10(-6) M) induced a net calcium efflux. The efflux was similar to that observed with 10(-10) M parathyroid hormone (PTH) but less than that observed with 10(-8 M PTH. Devitalizing the calvariae resulted in a net calcium influx that was unaffected by the addition of beta 2M, indicating a cell-mediated phenomenon. The release of beta-glucuronidase, an osteoclast enzyme, increased after a 48-h but not a 24-h incubation with beta 2M. Calcitonin, an osteoclast inhibitor, blocked the beta 2M-induced calcium efflux and beta-glucuronidase release, suggesting osteoclast involvement. Thus beta 2M induces a dose- and time-dependent, cell-mediated calcium efflux from neonatal mouse calvariae that involves osteoclast stimulation.
Instant Low‐Temperature Cross‐Linking of Poly(<i>N</i>‐vinylcarbazole) for Solution‐Processed Multilayer Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Devices (2014)

Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) undergoes cross-linking to highly solvent-resistant films through an oxidative coupling reaction, for which an annealing process takes only 3 min at 110 °C. This reaction allows the construction of a solution-processed multilayer OLED without a time-consuming annealing process. The maximum external quantum efficiency reaches 18%, and remains at 17%, even at a high brightness of 10 000 cd m(-2) for all-solution-processed blue OLEDs.
Address calculation for retargetable compilation and exploration of instruction-set architectures (1996)

The advent of parallel executing address calculation units (ACUs) in digital signal processor (DSP) and application specific instruction-set processor (ASIP) architectures has made a strong impact on an application's ability to efficiently access memories. Unfortunately, successful compiler techniques which map high-level language data constructs to the addressing units of the architecture have lagged far behind. Since access to data is often the most demanding task in DSP, this mapping can be the most crucial function of the compiler. This paper introduces a new retargetable approach and prototype tool for the analysis of array references and traversals for efficient use of ACUs. The ArrSyn utility is designed to be used either as an enhancement to an existing dedicated compiler or as an aid for architecture exploration.
Src-catalyzed Phosphorylation of c-Cbl Leads to the Interdependent Ubiquitination of Both Proteins (2001)

The protooncogene c-Cbl has recently emerged as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for activated receptor tyrosine kinases. We report here that c-Cbl also mediates the ubiquitination of another protooncogene, the non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src, as well as of itself. The c-Cbl-dependent ubiquitination of Src and c-Cbl requires c-Cbl's RING finger, Src kinase activity, and c-Cbl's tyrosine phosphorylation, probably on Tyr-371. In vitro, c-Cbl forms a stable complex with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH7, but active Src destabilizes this interaction. In contrast, Src inhibition stabilizes the c-Cbl. UbcH7.Src complex. Finally, c-Cbl reduces v-Src protein levels and suppresses v-Src-induced STAT3 activation. Thus, in addition to mediating the ubiquitination of activated receptor tyrosine kinases, c-Cbl also acts as a ubiquitin ligase for the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src, thereby down-regulating Src.
Implementation of a Remote Real-Time Surveillance Security System for Intruder Detection (2017)

Family security is one of the key goals of a digital home system. At present, webcams are widely used in home remote monitoring systems. This is due to the fact that its passive monitoring nature leaves a potential security problem and cannot be used for providing proactive security. To solve this problem, this paper proposes the design of a remote embedded intelligent security monitoring system based on the background modeling algorithm in computer vision which can proactively detect intruders. The system uses the ViBe algorithm to model the background image which is acquired from the camera, and then carries out the object detection in the monitored environment. If a moving object (including people) is detected, the system will automatically sound an alarm, while sending a message or calling the user to take preventive measures. Users can log in to the server through the mobile application to detect the intruder from the intercepted picture, and to get a better understanding of the situation. After testing, the system can accurately determine whether there is something intruding the monitoring area or not. It is robust, real-time, and with a good practical application value.
Isolation and characterization of disaggregatase from Methanosarcina mazei LYC (1990)

At certain stages in its growth cycle, Methanosarcina mazei produces an enzyme (disaggregatase) that causes aggregates to separate into single cells. M. mazei S-6 and LYC both produce this enzymatic activity, although the specificities of activities differ. The disaggregatase of M. mazei S-6 had little effect on strain LYC cells, but the disaggregatase of M. mazei LYC disaggregated both strain LYC and strain S-6 cells. The disaggregatase of M. mazei LYC was purified by column chromatography, and it apparently consisted of two similar subunits with a combined molecular size of about 180,000 Da. Strain S-6 culture supernatants contained 14 U of activity per liter when activity was measured as uronic acids released from purified cell wall material. When the activity was quantified as the release of uronic acids from boiled M. mazei S-6 cells, the highest activity was found at pH 4.7 and at 35 degrees C.
Polysaccharide preparation PSK augments the proliferation and cytotoxicity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in vitro. (1995)

We have investigated whether or not polysaccharide preparation PSK directly augments the proliferation and cytotoxicity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). TILs were separated from 10 patients with gastrointestinal cancer (5 gastric cancers, 3 colon cancers and 2 pancreatic cancers). TILs were cultured with IL-2 and PSK for 7 days. The DNA synthesis of TILs was augmented by incubation with 100 micrograms/ml of PSK, which was similar to serum level with oral administration of PSK in cancer patients. The effect of PSK in DNA synthesis was also found by elimination of non-T cells. Furthermore, we established TIL clones and examined the effect of PSK on TILs clones. The DNA synthesis was augmented by PSK in CD4 positive and CD8 positive TIL clones without non-T cells, suggesting that PSK acts directly on TILs. We examined the cytotoxic activities of TILs by the 4-h and 16-h 51Cr release assay. PSK did not affect the cytotoxic activity of TILs against autologous tumor cells and KATO-III cells in the 4h 51Cr release assay, whereas PSK induced high lysability of TILs against autologous tumor cells in the 16-h 51Cr release assay. We studied the ability of PSK to induce cytokines from TILs using a double chamber plate. The DNA synthesis of tumor cells was more suppressed by the mixed-tumor cell culture supernatants of TILs cultured with PSK, compared to that of TILs cultured without PSK. It is suggesting that PSK induced long term killing activity of TILs by induction of cytotoxic cytokines. Thus, PSK augmented the proliferative response of TILs without interaction of T cells and non-T cells and induced cytotoxic cytokines of TILs.
Intractable Coronary Artery Disease in a Patient With Type 2 Diabetes Presenting With Triglyceride Deposit Cardiomyovasculopathy (2019)

The patient was a 51-year-old man who had been overweight since adolescence and was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at age 26. He had been treated with a sulfonylurea, but his glycemic control was poor. When his medication was replaced with insulin injection at age 35, KITT, a marker of insulin sensitivity (1), was severely deteriorated to 0.87%, and resulting endogenous hyperinsulinemia was suspected from total daily urinary C-peptide excretion (242.8 μg). At that time, he was overweight by BMI (27.1 kg/m2). Lipid profiles showed mild hypertriglyceridemia with apolipoprotein E3/3 phenotype. His …
Spectral binning for energy production calculations and multijunction solar cell design (2017)

Abstract Currently, most solar cells are designed for and evaluated under standard spectra intended to represent typical spectral conditions. However, no single spectrum can capture the spectral variability needed for annual energy production (AEP) calculations, and this shortcoming becomes more significant for series‐connected multijunction cells as the number of junctions increases. For this reason, AEP calculations are often performed on very detailed yearlong sets of data, but these pose 2 inherent challenges: (1) These data sets comprise thousands of data points, which appear as a scattered cloud of data when plotted against typical parameters and are hence cumbersome to classify and compare, and (2) large sets of spectra bring with them a corresponding increase in computation or measurement time. Here, we show how a large spectral set can be reduced to just a few “proxy” spectra, which still retain the spectral variability information needed for AEP design and evaluation. The basic “spectral binning” methods should be extensible to a variety of multijunction device architectures. In this study, as a demonstration, the AEP of a 4‐junction device is computed for both a full set of spectra and a reduced proxy set, and the results show excellent agreement for as few as 3 proxy spectra. This enables much faster (and thereby more detailed) calculations and indoor measurements and provides a manageable way to parameterize a spectral set, essentially creating a “spectral fingerprint,” which should facilitate the understanding and comparison of different sites.
Dielectric selection for a robotic electrostatic gripping device (1996)

Researchers have been applying electrostatic force to the handling and restraint of materials for a large part of the twentieth century. The principle has recently been applied to the robotic handling of non-rigid materials, for which it shows a number of advantages over other gripping methods. This paper introduces the concepts and requirements of electrostatic gripping of such materials, and then details selection procedures for dielectric materials. It is found that analysis of the gripping technique produces dielectric material requirements quite different from those expected from a preliminary study of the device. Implementation and manufacture of these robotic devices are then described for a potential application. A robotic cell has been constructed and integration of the electrostatic gripping device into the cell is detailed. The paper concludes with a summary of the scope, advantages and limitations of the resultant system.
Zinc in the Management of Diarrhea in Young Children (1995)

Each year, millions of children die of diarrhea. Many more suffer frequent diarrheal illnesses, which stunt their growth and add to the problems of their often overburdened parents. Nonetheless, there have been substantial reductions in deaths from diarrhea, primarily as a result of the development and use of a standard oral rehydration solution (containing 90 mmol of sodium and 111 mmol of glucose per liter; total osmolality, 311 mOsm per kilogram). Actively promoted by agencies including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund, this inexpensive but efficacious treatment is now accessible to nearly everyone in practically . . .
High-power CW operation of AlGaInP laser-diode array at 640 nm (1995)

Visible-emitting high-power laser bars are investigated at an emission wavelength of 640 nm. AlGaInP/GaInP, single tensile-strained quantum well, separate confinement heterostructures are fabricated into one cm long laser bars using a 0.7 fill factor. The low threshold current of the diode, combined with the aggressive heatsinking of a silicon microchannel cooler has resulted in more than 12 W of continuous wave output power.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Image statistics for surface reflectance perception (2008)

Human observers can distinguish the albedo of real-world surfaces even when the surfaces are viewed in isolation, contrary to the Gelb effect. We sought to measure this ability and to understand the cues that might underlie it. We took photographs of complex surfaces such as stucco and asked observers to judge their diffuse reflectance by comparing them to a physical Munsell scale. Their judgments, while imperfect, were highly correlated with the true reflectance. The judgments were also highly correlated with certain image statistics, such as moment and percentile statistics of the luminance and subband histograms. When we digitally manipulated these statistics in an image, human judgments were correspondingly altered. Moreover, linear combinations of such statistics allow a machine vision system (operating within the constrained world of single surfaces) to estimate albedo with an accuracy similar to that of human observers. Taken together, these results indicate that some simple image statistics have a strong influence on the judgment of surface reflectance.
Advances in Glaucoma Diagnosis and Therapy for the Next Millennium: New Drugs for Trabecular and Uveoscleral Outflow (1999)

Advances in our understanding of the physiology and molecular biology of the trabecular and uveoscleral outflow pathways of the eye will lead to the development of new approaches for glaucoma therapy. Therapies of the future will target the structures and enzymes involved in maintaining cell shape and cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Altering the extracellular matrix in the ciliary muscle has been important in the intraocular pressure lowering effects of prostaglandins and will be developed further as an approach to enhancing outflow through the trabecular meshwork. Gene therapy may be used to enhance or suppress the endogenous targets that are ultimately responsible for the outflow enhancement triggered by these agents.
Application of Rhizobacteria for Plant Growth Promotion Effect and Biocontrol of Anthracnose Caused by <i>Colletotrichum acutatum</i> on Pepper (2012)

In vitro and greenhouse screening of seven rhizobacterial isolates, AB05, AB10, AB11, AB12, AB14, AB15 and AB17, was conducted to investigate the plant growth promoting activities and inhibition against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in pepper. According to identification based on 16S rDNA sequencing, the majority of the isolates are members of Bacillus and a single isolate belongs to the genus Paenibacillus. All seven bacterial isolates were capable of inhibiting C. acutatum to various degrees. The results primarily showed that antibiotic substances produced by the selected bacteria were effective and resulted in strong antifungal activity against the fungi. However, isolate AB15 was the most effective bacterial strain, with the potential to suppress more than 50% mycelial growth of C. acutatumin vitro. Moreover, antibiotics from Paenibacillus polymyxa (AB15) and volatile compounds from Bacillus subtilis (AB14) exerted efficient antagonistic activity against the pathogens in a dual culture assay. In vivo suppression activity of selected bacteria was also analyzed in a greenhouse with the reference to their prominent in vitro antagonism efficacy. Induced systemic resistance in pepper against C. acutatum was also observed under greenhouse conditions. Where, isolate AB15 was found to be the most effective bacterial strain at suppressing pepper anthracnose under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, four isolates, AB10, AB12, AB15, and AB17, were identified as the most effective growth promoting bacteria under greenhouse conditions, with AB17 inducing the greatest enhancement of pepper growth.
Oral Absorption Promoters: Opportunities, Issues, and Challenges (2015)

Transport of a drug across the biological membrane of the gastrointestinal tract has turned out to be a critical barrier against the success of any oral drug delivery technology. The unique advantages of the oral route, along with need for an oral substitute of invasive parenteral formulations and the reduction of intersubject variability in plasma profiles, has been an incentive for the use of excipients with absorption-enhancing properties to boost the bioavailability of poorly absorbed drugs. The development of such excipients is not a simple task, so understanding enhancement mechanisms in relation to physiology can facilitate the identification of structure-function relationships as well as the development of newer agents for customary applications. The literature is replete with reports of absorption promoters, the selection of which is influenced by the mechanisms, safety, pharmacological inertness, rapidity of action, reversibility of induced membrane alterations and excipient compatibility. Despite promising results in preliminary screenings, the development process is hindered by low reproducible efficacy and pharmacologically driven safety issues. In this review, we elaborate on the importance of permeation enhancers in oral drug delivery, their current status, and issues at the forefront of the development of formulations using absorption promoter technologies.
Offset Coupling, Feedback, and Spatial Multiplexing in 4$\,\times\,$4 Incoherent-MIMO Multimode Fiber Links (2013)

We experimentally evaluate the performance of incoherent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multimode fiber (MMF) links with different fiber media, link lengths, and modulation techniques. The performance of conventional 62.5 μm diameter silica as well as perfluorinated plastic, graded-index MMF sections of various lengths were evaluated using 1 × 1, 2 × 2, 3 × 3 and 4 × 4 MIMO setups over a range of lengths, with both open-loop equalization and feedback-based spatial multiplexing techniques. The data rate was evaluated over silica fiber sections with lengths ranging between 100 m-3 km using distributed feedback lasers and VCSELs at the transmitters. In addition, plastic optical fiber sections with lengths ranging from 1 m - 100 m were evaluated with Fabry Perot lasers. Axial offsets were introduced while launching into, and detecting from the MMF to enhance modal diversity, and the impact of these offsets on the data rates was measured to obtain optimal launch and detection conditions. With optimized launch conditions and modulation parameters, the silica based systems realized data rates of 16 to 26 Gb/s, representing a bandwidth-length product improvement of 28× over MMF standards such as 10 GBASE-SR. The plastic fiber system reached data rates of 24 to 43 Gb/s, with bandwidth-length product increases of up to 12× of rated parameters. The use of off-axis launch and detection with flexible offsets on all four MIMO streams of the 4 × 4 system would enable further performance improvement.
CIC-DUX4 oncoprotein drives sarcoma metastasis and tumorigenesis via distinct regulatory programs (2019)

Transcription factor fusion genes create oncoproteins that drive oncogenesis and represent challenging therapeutic targets. Understanding the molecular targets by which such fusion oncoproteins promote malignancy offers an approach to develop rational treatment strategies to improve clinical outcomes. Capicua-double homeobox 4 (CIC-DUX4) is a transcription factor fusion oncoprotein that defines certain undifferentiated round cell sarcomas with high metastatic propensity and poor clinical outcomes. The molecular targets regulated by the CIC-DUX4 oncoprotein that promote this aggressive malignancy remain largely unknown. We demonstrated that increased expression of ETS variant 4 (ETV4) and cyclin E1 (CCNE1) occurs via neomorphic, direct effects of CIC-DUX4 and drives tumor metastasis and survival, respectively. We uncovered a molecular dependence on the CCNE-CDK2 cell cycle complex that renders CIC-DUX4-expressing tumors sensitive to inhibition of the CCNE-CDK2 complex, suggesting a therapeutic strategy for CIC-DUX4-expressing tumors. Our findings highlight a paradigm of functional diversification of transcriptional repertoires controlled by a genetically aberrant transcriptional regulator, with therapeutic implications.
Diameter Support for EAP Re-authentication Protocol (2008)

An extension, called EAP Re-authentication Protocol (ERP), has
been specified that supports an method-independent protocol for
efficient re-authentication between the peer and the server through an
authenticator. This document specifies Diameter support for ERP. The
Diameter application is re-used for encapsulating the newly
defined Initiate and Finish messages specified in the ERP
specification. AVPs for request and delivery of Domain Specific Root
Keys from the AAA/EAP server to the ER server are also specified.
Additionally, this document also specifies Diameter processing rules
relevant to ERP.
Stroke Update: Risk Factors and Primary Prevention of Stroke (2012)

Received: March 23, 2012 / Revised: March 26, 2012 Accepted: March 28, 2012 Address for correspondence: Soo Joo Lee, MD, PhD Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, 95 Dusanseo-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 302-779, Korea Tel: +82-42-611-3430, Fax: +82-42-611-3858 E-mail: sjoolee@eulji.ac.kr The aim of this article is to review the results of recent researches with regard to risk factors or primary prevention of stroke. We have discussed the contribution of various risk factors to the burden of stroke, variability in blood pressure, intensive glycemic control, lipid management, management of asymptomatic carotid stenosis, vitamin B supplements lowing homocysteine, lifestyle factors, and aspirin effi cacy for primary prevention of stroke. (Korean J Stroke 2012;14:12-18)