gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1014. Helper-Dependent Adenovirus Vectors Elicit Intact Innate but Attenuated Adaptive Host Immune Responses In Vivo (2004)

Helper-dependent adenovirus vectors (HD-Ad) deleted all of adenoviral genes mediate very long-term expression of therapeutic transgenes in a variety of animal models of disease. These vectors are associated with reduced toxicity and improved safety relative to traditional early region 1-deleted first-generation Ad (FG-Ad) vectors. Many studies have clearly demonstrated that FG-Ad induce innate and adaptive immune responses in vivo, however, a comprehensive analysis of host immune responses to HD-Ad has not yet been performed. In DBA/2 mice, intravenous injection of HD-Ad encoding LacZ (HD-AdLacZ) or murine secreted alkaline phosphatase (HD-AdSEAP) induced an early expression of inflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes in the liver, including IP-10, MIP-2 and TNF-α, and were expressed in a pattern similar to that induced by a FG-Ad encoding murine secreted alkaline phosphatase (AdSEAP). Like AdSEAP, and consistent with the pattern of cellular gene expression, HD-AdLacZ and HD-AdSEAP induced the recruitment of CD11b positive leukocytes to the transduced liver within hours of administration. AdSEAP also induced a second phase of liver inflammation, consisting of inflammatory gene expression and CD3 positive lymphocytic infiltrates 7 days post-transduction. In contrast, beyond 24 hours no infiltrates or expression of inflammatory genes were detected in the livers of mice receiving HD-AdSEAP, even when increasing titers were administered. Despite the lack of liver inflammation at 7 days, Ad-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes could be detected in mice receiving HD-AdSEAP. This lack of liver inflammation was not due to reduced transduction since transgene expression and the amount of vector DNA in the liver were equivalent in mice receiving HD-AdSEAP and AdSEAP. These results demonstrate that HD-Ad induce intact innate but attenuated adaptive immune responses in vivo.
Functional and Structural Defects in HIV Type 1 <i>nef</i> Genes Derived from Pediatric Long-Term Survivors (2000)

DNA sequences and three distinct in vitro functions of Nef were evaluated in a group of seven perinatally infected children. nef gene sequences obtained before and after virus culture showed that one of the five non-/slow progressors harbored a virus with large deletions. nef genes from the remaining four children were full length but contained discrete changes at a higher frequency than the rapid progressors. In functional studies, 40 of 44 Nef proteins derived from the whole study group were capable of binding the cellular serine kinase p62, indicating that this function is well conserved among naturally occurring viruses. In contrast, representative Nef proteins derived from the long-term non-/slow progressors were found to be defective or far less capable of enhancing viral replication and/or viral infectivity in herpesvirus saimiri-transformed human T cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. On reversion of highly prevalent point mutations in the defective proteins, viral replication could be restored to wild-type levels. Our results suggest that nef genes derived from pediatric long-term nonprogressors have gross deletions in isolated cases but a higher prevalence of discrete changes that may impair Nef function in primary T cell assays, but not all functions reported for Nef.
The Impact of Vertical Averaging on Hydrocarbon Volumetric Calculations--A Case Study: Chapter 16 (1992)

Accurate hydrocarbon volumetrics can only result from detailed reservoir description. Two-dimensional techniques have traditionally served to quantify reservoir description. However, two-dimensional characterization of three-dimensional heterogeneities may not yield acceptable volumetric analysis in heterogeneous reservoirs. The primary pitfall in the traditional methodology is the inherent vertical averaging. In the case studies that follow, volume discrepancies as high as 21% are documented between three-dimensional modeling and two-dimensional mapping. This paper focuses on the deleterious impact of vertical averaging on reservoir characterization and hydrocarbon volumetric calculations and demonstrates that three-dimensional geologic block modeling is a more accurate lternative to traditional volumetric techniques.
Visualization of wireless sensor networks using ZigBee's Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for indoor localization and tracking (2014)

With the increasing popularity of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), indoor localization has become a key research challenge, since it is crucial to locate the sensors in order to analyze the sensor data in their spatial and temporal contexts. The paper presents a novel method to visualize the position and trajectory of a dynamic WSN using ZigBee's Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in a map-based visualization, deployed on smart phones. Existing research has demonstrated the use of RSSI to estimate the position of ZigBee tags (transmitters). The contribution of this paper is to integrate the use of sensor cloud services for managing spatio-temporal data streams and a smartphone app for visualizing the dynamic spatial and temporal aspects of the readings from wireless sensor networks.
α‐(N,N‐Dimethylamino)Phenylacetonitrile (2003)

Abstract α‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)phenylacetonitrile product: α‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)phenylacetonitrile
Development of Novel Polymer-Coated Substrates for Straightening and Fixing DNA (2002)

We developed polymer-coated glass substrates for DNA stretching and fixation to analyze the precise gene location on DNA by fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We observed partially stretched and many aggregated DNA molecules on uncoated glass, indicating that DNA interacted rigidly with the surface because of the strong polarity of the glass surface. Few DNA molecules were fixed on polyvinylbutyral (PVB) coated glasses, however, indicating that the interaction between DNA and the surface was weaker than that on the uncoated surface because of the strong hydrophobic surfaces. Observed images demonstrated that DNA was sufficiently fixed and stretched on poly(vinylcarbazole) (PVCz) and polyphenazasiline (PPhenaz) coated surfaces. Furthermore, PPhenaz- and PVCz-coated surfaces provided adequate AFM observation of stretched DNA molecules. This specific interaction is considered to be attributed to π−π interaction (π-stacking) between aromatic amines in polymers and base pairs in DNA molecules.
Outline of a theory of focusing in linear chromatography (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOutline of a theory of focusing in linear chromatographyLeonid M. BlumbergCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 20, 2459–2460Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00044a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00044a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Candidate gene analysis of organ pigmentation loci in the Solanaceae (2000)

Ten structural genes from the Capsicum (pepper) carotenoid biosynthetic pathway have been localized on a (Capsicum annuum x Capsicum chinense)F(2) genetic map anchored in Lycopersicon (tomato). The positions of these genes were compared with positions of the same genes in tomato when known, and with loci from pepper, potato, and tomato that affect carotenoid levels in different tissues. C2, one of three phenotypically defined loci determining pepper fruit color, cosegregated with phytoene synthase. The capsanthin-capsorubin synthase (Ccs) locus, shown previously to cosegregate with Y, another pepper fruit color locus, mapped to pepper chromosome 6. Other structural genes in pepper corresponded to loci affecting carotenoid production as follows: Ccs in pepper and the B locus for hyperaccumulation of beta-carotene in tomato fruit mapped to homeologous regions; the position of the lycopene beta-cyclase gene in pepper may correspond to the lutescent-2 mutation in tomato; and the lycopene epsilon-cyclase locus in pepper corresponded to the lycopene epsilon-cyclase locus/Del mutation for hyperaccumulation of delta-carotene in tomato fruit. Additional associations were seen between the structural genes and previously mapped loci controlling quantitative variation in pepper and tomato fruit color. These results demonstrate that comparative analyses using candidate genes may be used to link specific metabolic phenotypes and loci that affect these phenotypes in related species.
Feedback control of neuromuscular blockade (1987)

A simple system for closed-loop control of neuromuscular blockade is described. It comprises a Datex Relaxograph, a small relay and a syringe pump. The equipment is commercially available and requires no complex custom-built electronics. Atracurium was infused in a semicontinuous manner to 11 patients who underwent general anaesthesia for a variety of surgical procedures. Neuromuscular blockade oscillated within a narrow range around the preset level. The mean rate of infusion of atracurium was 0.5 mg/kg/hour (SD 0.13). The mean recovery time was 25.5 minutes (SD 7.95).
Plasma oestrogen and progesterone in relation to superovulation and egg recovery in the cow (1975)

Pregnant mares serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) was used in combination with prostaglandin F2alpha or its analogues to induce superovulation in 25 heifers. Total unconjugated oestrogen and progesterone were determined in peripheral plasma of these superovulated animals, and the levels compared with those found during the normal oestrous cycle. A very high level of oestrogen was found between day 3 and 6 after superovulation, and it seems likely that large unovulated follicles were responsible for the excess steroid. Similarly, progesterone levels were raised in the superovulated animal presumably due to production by the numerous corpora lutea. In two heifers, in which overstimulation of follicular development had occurred, there were no ovulations in one of the animals while in the other animal there were 16 ovulations but early regression of corpora lutea was indicated. It is concluded that the poor recovery of eggs on day 6 after superovulation could have been due to deleterious effects of high levels of oestrogen on either the motility of the genital tract causing the premature transport of eggs, or the properties of the zona pellucida.
Smart gateways for terabit/s satellite (2014)

SUMMARY To reach the terabit per second of throughput, telecommunication satellites cannot make use of frequency below Ka band only. Therefore, the use of broad portion of the spectrum available at Q/V (40/50 GHz) band is foreseen for the feeder link. This study presents the evaluation of performances of different macro‐diversity schemes that may allow mitigating the deep fades experienced at Q/V bands by introducing cooperation and a limited redundancy between the different gateways of the system. Two different solutions are firstly described. The performances resulting from the use of those assumptions are derived in a second stage. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discovering Architectures from Running Systems (2006)

One of the challenging problems for software developers is guaranteeing that a system as built is consistent with its architectural design. In this paper, we describe a technique that uses runtime observations about an executing system to construct an architectural view of the system. In this technique, we develop mappings that exploit regularities in system implementation and architectural style. These mappings describe how low-level system events can be interpreted as more abstract architectural operations and are formally defined using Colored Petri Nets. In this paper, we describe a system, called DiscoTect, that uses these mappings and we introduce the DiscoSTEP mapping language and its formal definition. Two case studies showing the application of DiscoTect suggest that the tool is practical to apply to legacy systems and can dynamically verify conformance to a preexisting architectural specification.
Effects of dietary sugar and of dietary fat on food intake and body fat content in rats. (1987)

The long term ingestion of a sugar-rich diet (low fat) caused severe obesity in adult rats. In a separate experiment, the habitual consumption of a fat-rich diet (40% kcal from fat) also caused severe obesity. Severe obesity developed in both groups of animals even though they did not overeat. Voluntary food intake for the sugar-fed rats averaged 28,314 +/- 756 calories/rat per 55 wks which was similar to the value of 28,884 +/- 953 calories/rat per 55 wks for the fat-fed rats. However, both values were lower than that of 32,869 +/- 588 for the control rats eating Purina chow. Despite a lower caloric intake, carcass fat averaged 45 +/- 1% for rats eating the sugar-rich diet and 46 +/- 2% for rats eating the fat-rich diet, but only 33 +/- 2% for rats eating a diet of Purina chow. These results provide evidence that severe obesity can develop in the absence of hyperphagia in animals eating a sugar-rich or fat-rich diet. Finally, a rat model for severe obesity is presented in which carcass fat ranged from 18% (lean) to 61% (severe obesity) using dietary intervention alone at critical stages of the animal's life.
Variable Inlet Guide Vanes in a Turbocharger Centrifugal Compressor: Local and Global Study (2008)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Engine downsizing is potentially one of the most effective strategies being explored to improve fuel economy. A main problem of downsizing using a turbocharger is the small range of stable functioning of the turbocharger centrifugal compressor at high boost pressures.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Several stabilization techniques were studied to increase the compressor operating range without sacrificing the compressor efficiency. The paper presents an experimental study of one of these techniques, the axial variable inlet guide vanes (VIGV). Test rigs were put up to conduct two different experiments. The first was to study the effect of pre- rotation generated by VIGVs on the overall compressor performance and the second to determine the pressure loss through the VIGVs and to analyze the flow downstream the VIGV system using LDA (laser Doppler Anemometry) measurement.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The experimental studies have shown the advantageous of VIGVs in extending the stable functioning of the compressor associated with lower efficiency levels at middle and high flow rates. The efficiency drop at particular points of functioning of low flow rate was explained by the non symmetric flow downstream the VIGVs at high vane setting angles. Moreover the results showed that the angle of rotation of flow didn't change at a distance of two times the impeller diameter inlet of the turbocharger compressor, downstream the VIGV system.</div>
Synthesis and characterization of cationic guar gum: A high performance flocculating agent (2007)

Abstract Among various water‐soluble polysaccharides, guar gum is one of the most important polysaccharide, which is having a wide variety of applications. By grafting a cationic moiety onto the backbone of guar gum, a modified naturally occurring polysaccharide can be developed, which used to be use as high performance flocculating agent and viscosifier (Singh et al.). 15 Various grades of cationic guar gums have been synthesized by varying the synthesis parameters. All these polysaccharides have been characterized by various characterization techniques, such as elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, intrinsic viscosity measurement, molecular weight determination, thermal analysis, and X‐ray diffraction analysis. From all of these characterization studies, it has been confirmed that the cationic moiety has been grafted onto the backbone of polysaccharide. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Inactivation of AR and Notch-1 signaling by miR-34a attenuates prostate cancer aggressiveness. (2012)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer related death in men in the United States, suggesting that novel molecular targets as well as the development of agents that could deregulate such targets would become newer therapeutic approach for the treatment of castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) especially the metastatic CRPC (mCRPC). In search for novel targets, microRNAs (miRNAs) are becoming an emerging area because miRNAs function as regulators of gene expression in human cancers including PCa. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that the expression of miR-34a is significantly down-regulated in human PCa specimens consistent with PCa cell lines with aggressive characteristics, and that the silencing of miR-34a expression was in part due to hypermethylation of its promoter. There are several genes that are direct targets of miR-34a, and in the current study we investigated the cellular consequence of miR-34a over-expression and under-expression in the regulation of androgen receptor (AR) and Notch-1 in PCa cells. We found that over-expression of miR-34a led to reduced expression of AR, PSA and Notch-1. We also found that over-expression of miR-34a significantly inhibited the growth of PCa cells. Moreover, over-expression of miR-34a resulted in decreased self-renewal capacity of PCa cells, and conversely inactivation of miR-34a led to increased self-renewal capacity, which is an indication of tumor cell aggressiveness. These findings suggest that the loss of miR-34a is directly linked with up-regulation of AR and Notch-1 both of which are highly expressed in PCa, and thus finding innovative approaches by which miR-34a expression could be up-regulated will have a huge impact on the treatment of PCa especially for the treatment of mCRPC.
Supramolecular Structures of Oil Systems as the Key to Regulation of Oil Behavior (2013)

The paper is devoted to investigation of supramolecular structures formed by high-molecular components of oil -asphaltenes and waxes. Petroleum asphaltenes that are characterized by their ability to self-organization can be considered as a polydisperse system. The aggregation of A1and A2 asphaltenes both in toluene solution and in diluted heavy oils was studied by dynamic light scattering technique. The stabilizing role of resins was confirmed. Due to the fact that the supramolecular structures in oils can be also formed by high molecular microcrystalline waxes, their influence as well as A1 and A2 asphaltenes on wax crystallization process was evaluated using optical microscopy. The effect of the different molecular structures of asphaltenes (A1 and A2) on the rheological properties of crude oils was also observed. Self-organization of asphaltenes directly in heavy high-viscosity oils with high content of resins was investigated by varying the ratios oil:precipitant. It was shown that extremely stable supramolecular structures in heavy oils had been formed. The influence of ultrasonic action for the destruction of stable supramolecular structures and the reduction of oil viscosity were considered.
<I>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</I> lipid A diversity and its recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (2003)

Lipid A is the pro-inflammatory component of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, the major surface component of Gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria alter the structure of lipid A in response to specific environmental conditions including those found upon colonization of a host. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa synthesizes a unique hexa-acylated lipid A containing palmitate and aminoarabinose during adaptation to the cystic fibrosis airway. Different lipid A species are observed in P. aeruginosa isolated from non-cystic fibrosis associated infections. Here we report that P. aeruginosa isolates from the airway of a cystic fibrosis patient with severe pulmonary disease synthesized a novel hepta-acylated lipid A. Cystic fibrosis-specific P. aeruginosa lipid A modifications result in resistance to host antimicrobial peptides and increased recognition by human Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Using P. aeruginosa lipid A with different levels of acylation, we identified a 222 amino acid region in the extracellular portion of human TLR4 that is required for the differential recognition of cystic fibrosis-specific lipid A. P. aeruginosa adaptation to the human airway may, therefore, play a fundamental role in the progressive lung damage associated with cystic fibrosis.
Photoemission from silicon photodiodes and induced changes in the detection efficiency in the far ultraviolet (1997)

Photoemission from semiconductor photodiodes exists as a spurious effect in the detection of radiation in the far ultraviolet. The magnitude of this photoemission effect in silicon transfer standards has been measured and found to be significant in the spectral region from 5 nm to 165 nm. The efficiency of these photodiodes in the more conventional semiconducting mode was altered by this photoemission as much as 14% under some conditions of operation. Application configurations which virtually eliminate the influences of photoemission have been identified and should be employed. The possibility of using these photodiodes in a photoemissive mode (as solar-blind detectors) was found to be limited by the temporal instability and spatial uniformity of the devices tested.
Carboplatin pharmacokinetics in children: the development of a pediatric dosing formula. The United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group. (1993)

GFR-based carboplatin dosing in children should be feasible and will be evaluated prospectively.
Effects of 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyridine and 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenylpyridinium Ion on Activities of the Enzymes in the Electron Transport System in Mouse Brain (1987)

The effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on activities of enzyme complexes in the electron transport system were studied using isolated mitochondrial preparations from C57BL/6J mouse brains. Both MPTP and MPP+ dose-dependently inhibited activity of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.5.3). The inhibition was reversible. Preincubation of freeze-thawed mitochondria with MPTP or MPP+ had no effect on the inhibition; however, when nonfrozen mitochondria were used, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity was reduced to 46% of that in the nonincubated sample after a 5-min preincubation with MPTP and to 77% of that in the nonincubated sample after a 5-min preincubation with MPP+. Kinetic analyses revealed that inhibition of MPTP was noncompetitive and that of MPP+ uncompetitive with respect to NADH. On the other hand, inhibition of MPTP was uncompetitive and that of MPP+ noncompetitive with respect to ubiquinone. Succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex II), dihydroubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex III), and ferrocytochrome c-oxygen oxidoreductase (EC 1.9.3.1) activities were either slightly inhibited or not inhibited by MPTP or MPP+. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the mechanism of MPTP-induced neuronal degeneration.