gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Combination of a Vibrational Electromagnetic Energy Harvester and a Giant Magnetoimpedance (GMI) Sensor (2020)

An energy harvesting device combined with a giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) sensor is presented to analyze low frequency vibrating systems. An electromagnetic harvester based on magnetic levitation is proposed for the electric power generation. The device is composed of two fixed permanent magnets at both ends of a cylindrical frame, a levitating magnet acting as inertial mass and a pick-up coil to collect the induced electromotive force. At the resonance frequency (10 Hz) a maximum electrical power of 1.4 mW at 0.5 <i>g</i> is generated. Moreover, an amorphous wire was employed as sensor nucleus for the design of a linear accelerometer prototype. The sensor is based on the GMI effect where the impedance changes occur as a consequence of the variations of the effective magnetic field due to an oscillating magnetic element. As a result of the magnet's periodic motion, an amplitude modulated signal (AM) was obtained, its amplitude being proportional to mechanical vibration amplitude (or acceleration). The sensor's response was examined for a simple ferrite magnet under vibration and compared with that obtained for the vibrational energy harvester. As a result of the small amplitudes of vibration, a linear sensor response was obtained that could be employed in the design of low cost and simple accelerometers.
Polarization-controlled 850-nm-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers grown on [311]B substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (1999)

We demonstrate the polarization stability of 850-nm-wavelength vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) grown on [311]B substrates under continuous-wave (CW) and dynamic operation. To clearly verify the polarization stability of VCSELs on [311]B substrates due to the anisotropic optical gain, the characteristics of both VCSELs on [311]B and [100] substrates were compared experimentally. Under CW operation, very small difference in both orthogonal polarization suppression ratio and the distribution of polarization direction was observed between VCSELs on [311]B and [100] polyimide-buried structures. On the other hand, significantly larger orthogonal polarization suppression ratio was obtained for VCSELs on [311]B substrates than those on [100] substrates under zero-bias modulation. Time-dependent orthogonal polarization suppression ratio measurements also showed that the orthogonal polarization suppression ratios of the VCSEL on [311]B substrates were more stable than those on [100] substrates. The data transmission characteristics also indicate large differences in the dependence of the bit error rate on bias current and the power penalty between polarization resolved and unresolved systems between VCSELs on [311]B and [100] substrates. The beneficial effect of the polarization stability of VCSELs on [311]B substrates due to their anisotropic optical gain is clearly demonstrated.
Emerging Three-Terminal Magnetic Memory Devices (2016)

Spin-transfer torques can switch magnetizations via a current passing through a magnetic tunnel junction, an effect that is being pursued as the switching mechanism in spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory. Three-terminal devices are also possible. One mechanism is to have a free layer that contains a domain wall that can be manipulated by spin-transfer torques and moved between two configurations that can be read by a separate connection. An alternate approach uses the recent development of spin-orbit torques, which offer an efficient way of manipulating the magnetization of a tunnel junction by current passing through an adjacent layer. These torques allow for the separation of reading and writing currents through three-terminal devices structures. This paper presents the basic principles of spin-orbit torques, the distinguishing features of spin-orbit-torque-induced magnetization dynamics as compared to magnetization dynamics driven by conventional spin-transfer torques. From the application point of view, it presents the pros and cons of spin-orbit-torque-based three-terminal devices including magnetic random access memories. Then, it discusses domain-wall-based three-terminal devices and the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Multiple associations between a broad spectrum of autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. (2012)

Evidence demonstrates that chronic inflammation and autoimmunity are associated with the development of malignancy. Additionally, patients with a primary malignancy may develop autoimmune like disease. These relationships imply a need for surveillance of patients on immunomodulatory therapies for potential secondary disease processes.
Sacchachitin, a novel chitin-polysaccharide conjugate macromolecule present in<i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>: Purification, composition, and properties (2012)

We have successfully isolated the pure sacchachitin from the fruiting bodies of G. lucidum that exhibits potent antioxidative activity and may be useful in fabrication of the artificial skin composite substitute.
Characterization of Integrin Expression in Islets Isolated from Hamster, Canine, Porcine, and Human Pancreas (1999)

The reasons for the failure of clinical islet transplantation remain obscure. Islet isolation, however, exposes the islet to variety of cellular stresses, including disruption of the cell-matrix relationship, an event associated with apoptosis. The cell-matrix relationship is characterized by an interaction between cell surface integrin receptors and matrix molecules of the surrounding basement membrane (BM). The purpose of this study was to characterize integrin expression and the distribution of the peri-insular BM in human, porcine, canine, and hamster pancreas, and after routine islet isolation. Whereas islets in the porcine pancreas do not have a demonstrable BM, islets in the human, canine, and hamster pancreas have an almost continuous BM with very little direct exocrine to endocrine cell-cell contact. After islet isolation, the BM was destroyed, only to be reestablished during the period of culture. In the pancreas of all four species, integrin alpha3 was expressed only on islet cells, and integrin alpha5 was present on islet cells as well as on acinar, centroacinar, and duct cells. Integrin alphaV was detected only in human and canine pancreas. Integrin beta1 was demonstrated only in the human pancreas. In isolated islets, integrin alpha3, alpha5, and alphaV expression decreased during the culture period and the intensity of the staining was observed to be coincident with the distribution of the BM. In summary, this is the first report of integrin expression in hamster, canine, porcine, and human islets. After islet isolation, the altered islet cell-matrix relationship is reflected both in the decrease in integrin expression and in the destruction of the peri-insular BM. These profound changes will need to be considered as the process of islet isolation for transplantation is refined. (J Histochem Cytochem 47:499-506, 1999)
Spectral Unmixing of Multicolored Bioluminescence Emitted from Heterogeneous Biological Sources (2006)

A wide variety of bioluminescent luciferase proteins are available for use in transcriptional or biochemical reporter assays. However, spectral overlap normally prevents them from being monitored simultaneously. To address this problem, a Java plug-in for ImageJ was written to deconvolute bioluminescent images composed of signals from multiple luciferases. The methodology was validated by testing the program with both simulated and real luciferase images. Bioluminescent images were acquired using a CCD camera equipped with optical filters, and the images were deconvoluted using the ImageJ plug-in. HeLa cells were transfected with either click beetle red luciferase (CBR), click beetle green luciferase (CBG99), or Renilla luciferase (Rluc), and mixed lysates were imaged in varying proportions in a 96-well plate to biochemically validate the methodology. After spectral deconvolution, the predicted, pure luciferase signals could be recovered with maximal cross-talk errors of +/-1.5%. In addition, live cells expressing CBR, CBG99, and Rluc were simultaneously imaged and deconvoluted in 96-well plates to demonstrate the feasibility of applying this methodology to high-throughput applications. Finally, multicolor transcriptional and posttranslational modification reporters were simultaneously imaged and shown to deconvolute normalized IkappaBeta kinase activity in longitudinal assays. Thus, our software provided a rapid, simple, and accurate method for simultaneously measuring multiple bioluminescent reporters in living cells.
RNF122: A novel ubiquitin ligase associated with calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand (2010)

RNF122 can be characterized as a C3H2C3-type RING finger-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase localized to the ER. RNF122 promotes its own degradation in a RING finger-and proteasome-dependent manner. RNF122 interacts with CAML, and its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity was noted to be dependent on the RING finger domain.
Microdroplet deposition by laser-induced forward transfer (2005)

A unique form of Laser-Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT) has been developed that is capable of depositing single micrometer-sized droplets. LIFT was performed using a 7 ns Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm. One micron films of aluminum and nickel supported on glass donor substrates were used as samples. Films were irradiated at the interface between the film and donor substrate using the standard LIFT technique. At fluences slightly above the melting threshold, single droplets were transferred to the acceptor substrate, with deposit sizes between 1 and 2 microns. This is significant since the laser beam diameter (> 12 microns) is much larger than the deposited droplets. SEM images of the original donor films after laser irradiation indicated a re-solidified melt pool with a raised bump at the center, the point of ejection of the transferred droplets. The physical origins of the droplet formation and transfer are unclear, but appear to be a result of the combined effects of surface tension and volumetric expansion during the solid-liquid phase change process.
EFFECTS OF ULTRASOUND ON DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS OF STRUCTURAL METALS (1964)

Ultrasound is presented as a new means of studying properties of metals from the viewpoint of dislocation theory. Ustrasound is shown to be efficiently absorbed at dislocations resulting in significant effects on metal plasticity. Materials used were single crystal zinc and aluminum, and polycrystalline aluminum, beryllium, steel and tungsten. Methods of specimen preparation and modified metallographic studies are presented along with sources of ultrasound (up to 100 w/sq cm at 20 kc) and devices for the determination of field intensities. A discussion is given of present theories pertaining to the interaction of ultrasonic stress waves and lattice imperfections. The basic investigations resulted in concepts of ultrasonic forming of metals where extensive yielding of metals caused by ultrasound is utilized. (Author)
Isolation and Characterization of Acid Phosphatase Mutants in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1973)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain H-42 seems to have two kinds of acid phosphatase: one which is constitutive and one which is repressible by inorganic phosphate. The constitutive enzyme was significantly unstable to heat inactivation, and its K(m) of 9.1 x 10(-4)m for p-nitrophenylphosphate was higher than that of the repressible enzyme (2.4 x 10(-4)m). The constitutive and the repressible acid phosphatases are specified by the phoC gene and by the phoB, phoD, or phoE gene, respectively. Results of tetrad analysis suggested that the phoC and phoE genes are linked to the lys2 locus on chromosome II. Since both repressible acid and alkaline phosphatases were affected simultaneously in the phoR, phoD, and phoS mutants, it was concluded that these enzymes were under the same regulatory mechanism or that they shared a common polypeptide. The phoR mutant produced acid phosphatase constitutively, and the phoR mutant allele was recessive to its wild-type counterpart. The phoS mutant showed a phenotype similar to that of a mutant defective in one of the phoB, phoD, or phoE genes. However, the results of genetic analysis of the phoS mutant clearly indicated that the phoS gene is not a structural gene for either of the repressible acid and alkaline phosphatases, but is a kind of regulatory gene. According to the proposed model, the phoS gene controls the expression of the phoR gene, and inorganic phosphate would act primarily as an inducer for the formation of the phoR product which represses phosphatase synthesis.
Characterization of silicon oxide films deposited using tetraethylorthosilicate (1989)

Silicon dioxide films prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) from tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) are known to exhibit better step coverage than films prepared from silane chemistry. We have prepared TEOS oxide films under various processing conditions to investigate their electrical properties in view of their applicability to the fabrication of silicon devices. Films deposited using TEOS only and in the presence of an oxidant such as O 2 or N 2 O were prepared. In each case we have submitted some of the samples to a rapid thermal densification cycle in N 2 . Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitors with oxide thickness of 50 nm were prepared for the measurements of dielectric strength, leakage current, flat-band voltage, and interface charge density. Several devices were measured to obtain significant statistical data regarding dielectric strength and uniformity of the film properties over the wafer. Thermal SiO 2 films of the same thickness were used for comparison. Thicker films (~500 nm) were also prepared for FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and ERD (elastic recoil detection), for the characterization of the material properties of the films. We have found that rapid thermal annealing (RTA) does not modify the electrical properties of films deposited with O 2 or N 2 O. For the films deposited without oxidant that did not receive RTA, the flat-band voltage is less than −10 V and the interface charge density cannot be calculated reliably. Films deposited in the absence of oxidant that received RTA and films deposited with N 2 O with and without RTA have V fb around −5 V and Q f /q of the order of 2E12 cm −2 . Films deposited with O 2 have V fb near −0.6 V and Q f /q near 1E11 cm −2 ; this compares favorably with thermal oxides that have V fb of −0.3 V and Q f /q near 1E10 cm −2 . These oxides can withstand up to 5 MV/cm of electric field. The material analysis reveals that the oxide films prepared in the presence of either oxygen or nitrous oxide have a more ordered structure and contain fewer impurities that the oxide film prepared with TEOS in a nitrogen only ambient.
A New Algorithm for Generating Unique-Solution Sudoku (2008)

This paper describes a new algorithm for generating unique-solution Sudoku puzzles. Distinguished from common algorithms, it guarantees a unique solution itself rather than relaying on some unique-solution test algorithms. What is more, the time complexity of our algorithm is polynomial, which is a significant progress as most of the generation algorithms are non-polynomial.
Saving Type Steel Products and Its Reduced Steel Rolling Technology (2006)

To develop a new age technology for iron and steel,reducing the alloy-elements,reducing processing and production period for saving type steel product were put forward in its main process of steel rolling.Meanwhile,the new ideas and technologies were introduced for reduced strip,plate,bar and wire and pipeline steel,dual phase steel,TRIP steel and environment protected products,et al.,which were developed by the State Key Lab.of Rolling and Automatim of Northeastern University and other enterprises.
An electrode modified with polymer-bound dopamine which catalyzes NADH oxidation (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn electrode modified with polymer-bound dopamine which catalyzes NADH oxidationChantal Degrand and Larry L. MillerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 18, 5728–5732Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00538a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00538a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views615Altmetric-Citations181LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigation of Membrane Protein—protein Interactions Using Correlative FRET-PLA (2014)

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis and the recently developed proximity ligation assay (PLA) are widely used to study protein-protein interactions in situ. We have developed correlative FRET-PLA to monitor interactions between membrane proteins that frequently cause problems in confirmatory co-immunoprecipitation assays. Correlative FRET-PLA is particularly aimed at delivering robust and reliable results and is useful for investigating protein-protein interactions.
Ergothioneine, Histidine, and Two Naturally Occurring Histidine Dipeptides as Radioprotectors against γ-Irradiation Inactivation of Bacteriophages T4 and P22 (1988)

Bacteriophages P22, T4+, and T4os (osmotic shock-resistant mutant with altered capsids) were diluted in 0.85% NaCl and exposed to gamma irradiation (2.79 Gy/min) at room temperature (24 degrees C). T4+ was more sensitive to inactivation than was P22, and the T4os mutant was even more sensitive than T4+. Catalase exhibited a strong protective effect and superoxide dismutase a weaker protection, indicating that H2O2 or some product derived therefrom was predominant in causing inactivation of plaque formation. Low but significant (0.1-0.3 mM) reduced glutathione (GSH) enhanced phage inactivation, but a higher (1 mM) GSH concentration protected. A similar effect was found for the polyamine, spermidine. In contrast, 0.1 mM L-ergothioneine (2-thiol-L-histidine betaine) exhibited strong protection and 1 mM afforded essentially complete protection. L-Ergothioneine is present in millimolar concentrations in some fungi and is conserved up to millimolar concentrations in critical tissues when consumed by man. L-Histidine and two histidine-containing dipeptides, carnosine and anserine, protected at a concentration of 1 mM, a level at which they are present in striated muscles of various animals.
Inlining semantics for subroutines which are recursive (1992)

Many modern programming languages offer a facility for "inlining" designated procedure and function calls, but this process is not well defined in most language standards documents. We offer a model for inlining which has the property that the resulting code does not depend upon the presentation of the order of function definitions, and which also provides a finite and consistent interpretation for the inlining of mutually recursive functions. Finally, when used on "tail-recursive" functions, our model of inlining provides for the equivalent of "loop unrolling".
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies on Fluorides of Trivalent Phosphorus (1965)

The P 31 , F 19 , and H 1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of a new series of compounds of the types (RO) n PF 3-n and (R 2 N) n PF 3-n (n = 1,2) have been studied. A regular change in the chemical shifts and coupling constants has been observed with multiple substitution. The changes in the coupling constants have been explained on the basis of the electronegativity of the atoms attached to phosphorus. Some long-range coupling constants between hydrogen and fluorine separated by five bonds were observed.
Optimal linear combinations of neural networks: an overview (2002)

Neural networks based modeling often involves trying multiple networks with different architectures and/or training parameters in order to achieve acceptable model accuracy. Typically, one of the trained NNs is chosen as best, while the rest are discarded. Hashem and Schmeiser (1992) propose using optimal linear combinations of a number of trained neural networks instead of using a single best network. In this paper, we discuss and extend the idea of optimal linear combinations of neural networks. Optimal linear combinations are constructed by forming weighted sums of the corresponding outputs of the networks. The combination-weights are selected to minimize the mean squared error with respect to the distribution of random inputs. Combining the trained networks may help integrate the knowledge acquired by the component networks and thus improve model accuracy. We investigate some issues concerning the estimation of the optimal combination-weights and the role of the optimal linear combination in improving model accuracy for both well-trained and poorly trained component networks. Experimental results based on simulated data are included. For our examples, the model accuracy resulting from using estimated optimal linear combinations is better than that of the best trained network and that of the simple averaging of the outputs of the component networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Neutral glycolipids in leukemic and nonleukemic leukocytes (1971)

Neutral lipids, free and total cholesterol, glycolipids, and phospholipids were determined in 20 preparations of leukocytes distributed in four groups. Group I consisted of leukocytes from nonleukemic patients; group II, from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia; group III, from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia; and group IV, from patients with acute leukemia. Two neutral glycolipids were found in nonleukemic mixed leukocyte populations. They were identified as glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide. The same glycolipids were also present in leukemic cells, but striking differences in glycolipid composition were found in various types of leukocytes. Glycolipids accounted for 8.9-12.6% of the total lipids in leukocytes from group I, 11.4-20.4% in group II, 1.2-1.6% in group III, and 0.5-4.9% in group IV. Glucosylceramide was the only glycolipid found in seven out of eight analyzed samples of lymphocytes, both normal and leukemic. Lactosylceramide was the major glycolipid in preparations consisting mainly of polymorphonuclear, myeloid, and blastic cells. Only lactosylceramide was found in platelets, where its concentration was about 100 times lower than in mixed leukocyte populations.