gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Use of Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) as a Chemiluminescent Reagent for Quantitation in Flowing Streams (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluation of Use of Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) as a Chemiluminescent Reagent for Quantitation in Flowing StreamsWon-Yong. Lee and Timothy A. NiemanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 11, 1789–1796Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00107a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00107a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views330Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Least Mean Square Adaptive Digital Background Calibration of Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters (2004)

We present an adaptive digital technique to calibrate pipelined analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Rather than achieving linearity by adjustment of analog component values, the new approach infers component errors from conversion results and applies digital postprocessing to correct those results. The scheme proposed here draws close analogy to the channel equalization problem commonly encountered in digital communications. We show that, with the help of a slow but accurate ADC, the proposed code-domain adaptive finite-impulse-response filter is sufficient to remove the effect of component errors including capacitor mismatch, finite op-amp gain, op-amp offset, and sampling-switch-induced offset, provided they are not signal-dependent. The algorithm is all digital, fully adaptive, data-driven, and operates in the background. Strong tradeoffs between accuracy and speed of pipelined ADCs are greatly relaxed in this approach with the aid of digital correction techniques. Analog precision problems are translated into the complexity of digital signal-processing circuits, allowing this approach to benefit from CMOS device scaling in contrast to most conventional correction techniques.
Functional Tat Transport of Unstructured, Small, Hydrophilic Proteins (2007)

The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) system is a protein translocation system that is adapted to the translocation of folded proteins across biological membranes. An understanding of the folding requirements for Tat substrates is of fundamental importance for the elucidation of the transport mechanism. We now demonstrate for the first time Tat transport for fully unstructured proteins, using signal sequence fusions to naturally unfolded FG repeats from the yeast Nsp1p nuclear pore protein. The transport of unfolded proteins becomes less efficient with increasing size, consistent with only a single interaction between the system and the substrate. Strikingly, the introduction of six residues from the hydrophobic core of a globular protein completely blocked translocation. Physiological data suggest that hydrophobic surface patches abort transport at a late stage, most likely by membrane interactions during transport. This study thus explains the observed restriction of the Tat system to folded globular proteins on a molecular level.
Inositol phosphatase SHIP1 is a primary target of miR-155 (2009)

MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) has emerged as a critical regulator of immune cell development, function, and disease. However, the mechanistic basis for its impact on the hematopoietic system remains largely unresolved. Because miRNAs function by repressing specific mRNAs through direct 3'UTR interactions, we have searched for targets of miR-155 implicated in the regulation of hematopoiesis. In the present study, we identify Src homology-2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) as a direct target of miR-155, and, using gain and loss of function approaches, show that miR-155 represses SHIP1 through direct 3'UTR interactions that have been highly conserved throughout evolution. Repression of endogenous SHIP1 by miR-155 occurred following sustained over-expression of miR-155 in hematopoietic cells both in vitro and in vivo, and resulted in increased activation of the kinase Akt during the cellular response to LPS. Furthermore, SHIP1 was also repressed by physiologically regulated miR-155, which was observed in LPS-treated WT versus miR-155(-/-) primary macrophages. In mice, specific knockdown of SHIP1 in the hematopoietic system following retroviral delivery of a miR-155-formatted siRNA against SHIP1 resulted in a myeloproliferative disorder, with striking similarities to that observed in miR-155-expressing mice. Our study unveils a molecular link between miR-155 and SHIP1 and provides evidence that repression of SHIP1 is an important component of miR-155 biology.
Randomized controlled trial of postoperative radiotherapy and short-term time-scheduled 5-fluorouracil against surgery alone in the treatment of Dukes B and C rectal cancer. Norwegian Adjuvant Rectal Cancer Project Group. (1997)

The 1-month postoperative combination regimen improved treatment results in patients with Dukes B and C rectal cancer, in terms of local recurrence rate, recurrence-free survival and overall survival, without serious side-effects.
2-Gbit/s signal amplification at lambda =1.53 mu m in an erbium-doped single-mode fiber amplifier (1989)

The gain, saturation power, and noise of an erbium-doped single-mode traveling-wave fiber amplifier operating at a wavelength lambda =1.53 mu m are characterized. In continuous-wave (CW) measurements amplification at 2 Gbit/s was demonstrated with up to 17-dB gain for 1*10/sup -9/ bit error rate at 1.531 mu m and a 3-dB full bandwidth of 14 nm. From the determination of the fiber-amplifier's output signal-to-noise ratio versus input signal power during data transmission, it was concluded that, with signal levels used here, signal-spontaneous beat noise limited the receiver sensitivity improvement. With the fiber amplifier acting as an optical preamplifier of the receiver, the best sensitivity was -30 dBm, obtained after installing a polarizer at the fiber amplifier output to reject half of the applied spontaneous emission power. This sensitivity was 6 dB better than without the fiber amplifier, proving that the fiber amplifier can be used as a preamplifier.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>Nonlinear Problems in Random Theory</i> (1959)

A series of lectures on the role of nonlinear processes in physics, mathematics, electrical engineering, physiology, and communication theory.From the preface:For some time I have been interested in a group of phenomena depending upon random processes. One the one hand, I have recorded the random shot effect as a suitable input for testing nonlinear circuits. On the other hand, for some of the work that Professor W. A. Rosenblith and I have been doing concerning the nature of the electroencephalogram, and in particular of the alpha rhythm, it has occurred to me to use the model of a system of random nonlinear oscillators excited by a random input...At the beginning we had contemplated a series of only four or five lectures. My ideas developed pari passu with the course, and by the end of the term we found ourselves with a set of fifteen lectures. The last few of these were devoted to the application of my ideas to problems in the statistical mechanics of gases. This work is both new and tentative, and I found that I had to supplement my course by the writing over of these with the help of Professer Y. W. Lee.
A recently developed bifacial platelet-rich fibrin matrix (2010)

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used clinically in liquid or gel form to promote tissue repair. Because of the poor mechanical properties, conventional PRP is often difficult to handle when used in clinical settings and requires secure implantation in a specific site, otherwise when released growth factors could be washed out during an operation. In this study, we analyzed the end product of a recently developed commercially available system (FIBRINET), which is a dense pliable, platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM). We characterized the mechanical properties of PRFM and tested whether PRFM releases growth factors and whether released factors induce the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Mechanical properties as well as platelet distribution were evaluated in PRFM. PRFM demonstrated robust mechanical properties, with a tear elastic modulus of 937.3 +/- 314.6 kPa, stress at a break of 1476.0 +/- 526.3 kPa, and an elongation at break of 146.3 +/- 33.8 %. PRFM maintained its mechanical properties throughout the testing process. Microscopic observations showed that the platelets were localized on one side of the matrix. Elevated levels of PDGF-AA, PDGF-AB, EGF, VEGF, bFGF and TGF-beta1 were measured in the day 1-conditioned media (CM) of PRFM and growth factor levels decreased thereafter. BMP2 and BMP7 were not detectable. MSC culture media supplemented with 20% PRFM-CM stimulated MSC cell proliferation; at 24 and 48 hours the induction of the proliferation was significantly greater than the induction obtained with media supplemented with 20% foetal bovine serum. The present study shows that the production of a dense, physically robust PRFM made through high-speed centrifugation of intact platelets and fibrin in the absence of exogenous thrombin yields a potential tool for accelerating tissue repair.
Effect of Centrifugation on the Storage Properties of Platelets (1988)

Some of the recommended centrifugation methods for the preparation of platelet concentrates may cause accelerated deterioration of platelets stored in second-generation containers. The deterioration is characterized by increasing pH, pO(2) and decreasing pCO(2), a high discharge of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and increasing amounts of small particles which have recently been shown to have platelet factor 3 activity [Solberg, C; Østerud, B.; Little, C.: Thrombosis Res. 48: 559-565, 1987], A short first centrifugation (3,270 g, 2 min 15 s) yielded platelets with better storage properties than platelet-rich plasma prepared with longer centrifugation times (2,200 g, 4 min 30 s and 1,100 g, 6 min). By using multivariate data analysis the effect of different platelet concentrations and metabolic parameters can be used to predict the discharge of LDH or the change in morphology.
Platelet-VWF complexes are preferred substrates of ADAMTS13 under fluid shear stress (2007)

Endothelial cells secrete prothrombotic ultralarge von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers, and the metalloprotease ADAMTS13 cleaves them into smaller, less dangerous multimers. This reaction is stimulated by tensile force applied to the VWF substrate, which may occur on cell surfaces or in the circulating blood. The cleavage of soluble VWF by ADAMTS13 was accelerated dramatically by a combination of platelets and fluid shear stress applied in a cone-plate viscometer. Platelet-dependent cleavage of VWF was blocked by an anti-GPIbalpha monoclonal antibody or by a recombinant soluble fragment of GPIbalpha that prevents platelet-VWF binding. Multimeric gel analysis showed that shear and platelet-dependent cleavage consumed large VWF multimers. Therefore, ADAMTS13 preferentially acts on platelet-VWF complexes under fluid shear stress. This reaction is likely to account for a majority of VWF proteolysis after secretion and to determine the steady-state size distribution of circulating VWF multimers in vivo.
Control of cell shape and elongation by the <i>rodA</i> gene in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1998)

The Escherichia coli rodA and ftsW genes and the spoVE gene of Bacillus subtilis encode membrane proteins that control peptidoglycan synthesis during cellular elongation, division and sporulation respectively. While rodA and ftsW are essential genes in E. coli, the B. subtilis spoVE gene is dispensable for growth and is only required for the synthesis of the spore cortex peptidoglycan. In this work, we report on the characterization of a B. subtilis gene, designated rodA, encoding a homologue of E. coli RodA. We found that the growth of a B. subtilis strain carrying a fusion of rodA to the IPTG-inducible Pspac promoter is inducer dependent. Limiting concentrations of inducer caused the formation of spherical cells, which eventually lysed. An increase in the level of IPTG induced a sphere-to-short rod transition that re-established viability. Higher levels of inducer restored normal cell length. Staining of the septal or polar cap peptidoglycan by a fluorescent lectin was unaffected during growth of the mutant under restrictive conditions. Our results suggest that rodA functions in maintaining the rod shape of the cell and that this function is essential for viability. In addition, RodA has an irreplaceable role in the extension of the lateral walls of the cell. Electron microscopy observations support these conclusions. The ultrastructural analysis further suggests that the growth arrest that accompanies loss of the rod shape is caused by the cell's inability to construct a division septum capable of spanning the enlarged cell. RodA is similar over its entire length to members of a large protein family (SEDS, for shape, elongation, division and sporulation). Members of the SEDS family are probably present in all eubacteria that synthesize peptidoglycan as part of their cell envelope.
Compact scalable multifunction RF payload for UAVs with FMCW radar and ESM functionality (2009)

This paper describes a concept for a scalable RF sensor payload for small UAVs that can perform multiple RF functions such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR), ground-moving target indication (GMTI) and ESM. Essential to the scalable multifunction RF payload concept is the digitization of the antenna signals on transmit and receive at the antenne element level. The architecture of a technology demonstrator that can perform radar and ESM functions is described and first results of some of the various radar and ESM modes are shown.
A Design Proposal of Security Architecture for Medical Body Sensor Networks (2006)

The existing standards of wireless personal area networks (WPANs) in terms of security specifications are not fully applicable to body sensor networks (BSNs) because of some inherent security vulnerabilities and stringent resource constraints. This study outlines a new design proposal of security architecture for BSNs with the purpose of high-level security as well as light-weight protocol. The novelty of this proposal includes: i) the use of bio-channel to assist secure transmission of privacy data, which is unavailable in other kinds of wireless networks; and ii) the multi-purpose use of physiological data for various security aspects.
Toward a Model for Speech Recognition (1960)

An approach to the design of a machine for the recognition and synthesis of speech is proposed, with particular emphasis on problems of acoustical analysis. As a recognizer, the proposed machine accepts a speech wave at its input and generates a sequence of phonetic symbols at its output; as a synthesizer it accepts a sequence of symbols at its input and generates speech wave. Coupling between the acoustical speech signal and the machine is achieved through two peripheral units: one an analog filter set or equivalent, and the other a model of the vocal tract. Between the analog filters and the phonetic output the signal undergoes an intermediate form of representation that is related to vocal-tract configurations and excitations but is not necessarily described specifically in these terms. Each stage of analysis is performed by synthesis of a number of alternative signals or patterns according to rules stored within the machine and by comparison of the synthesized patterns with the input signals that are under analysis. Possible advantages of the proposed method of analysis are discussed. An experimental study based on the general analysis approach is described in an Appendix. In this study a method for the determination of the frequencies of vocal-tract resonances from the speech wave is simulated on a digital computer.
Selecting analytical biomarkers for diagnostic applications: a first principles approach (2017)

Biomarkers are objective indications of a medical state that can be measured accurately and reproducibly. Traditional biomarkers enable diagnosis of disease through detection of disease-specific molecules, disease-mediated molecular changes, or distinct physiological or anatomical signatures. Areas covered: This work provides a framework for selecting biomarkers that are most likely to provide useful information about a patient's disease state. Though the authors emphasize markers related to disease, this work is also applicable to biomarkers for monitoring physiological changes such as ovulation or pregnancy. Additionally, the scope was restricted to biomarkers that are amenable to analytical detection across a range of health care levels, including low resource settings. The authors describe trade-offs between biomarkers' sensitivity/specificity for a disease-causing agent, the complexity of detection, and how this knowledge can be applied to the development of diagnostic tests. This report also details additional assessment criteria for successful tests. Expert commentary: Biomarker selection should primarily be driven by an attempt to answer an explicit clinical question (preferably causative relationship of the biomarker to disease-state), and only then by test development expediency (ease of detection). This framework is useful for stakeholders from test developers to clinicians to identify the trade-offs for diagnostic biomarkers for any use case.
Lattice instability and high-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">c</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>superconductivity in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">La</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ba</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CuO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1987)

${\mathrm{La}}_{1.85}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{0.15}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ exhibits high-${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{c}}$ superconductivity with an onset temperature near 33 K as measured by resistivity and magnetic susceptibility. The nonsuperconducting end-member compound, ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$, which has an orthorhombic, Cmca structure, exhibits semiconducting behavior. The orthorhombic distortion is proposed to result from a Peierls 2${\mathrm{k}}_{\mathrm{F}}$ instability or a soft zone-boundary phonon mode. The role of Ba is to suppress the instability and stabilize a higher-symmetry tetragonal, I4/mmm structure which is metallic and superconducting.
Comparative Study of Cemented Versus Uncemented Multi-Stage Fractured Wells in the Barnett Shale (2010)

Abstract The industry has made a very quick turn toward both unconventional reservoirs and horizontal, multi-stage fracturing. Some industry experts have begun to question the effectiveness of recoveries in these massive reserve assets. A notable formation in these discussions has been the Barnett Shale, where a variety of methods and technologies have been used to fracture stimulate horizontal wells. In fact, much of the learning curve for completion practices has come from experimental work in this unconventional play. From 2004 through 2006, a new, open hole, multi-stage system (OHMS) completion technology was run in Denton County, Texas. Using publically available data from the past five years, this study contrasts long-term production results from OHMS completed wells and wells completed with cemented casing. The data set for OHMS fractured wells compared to the data set for cemented fractured wells indicates that open hole wells, on average, performed better. Significantly, no failures or shut-in periods were observed for the OHMS wells. This establishes the viability, reliability and effectiveness of this technology for the long-term life of wells not only in the Barnett, but for performance enhancement in other shale plays. Substantial amounts of money are currently being spent to rapidly develop resource plays similar to the Barnett worldwide. Based on short-term results using current completion methods, predictions for ultimate recoveries may be overestimated. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of current completion practices by contrasting two methods in terms of production, economics, operational efficiency, and best fracturing practices to determine whether the completion method can affect overall well performance and long-term recovery.
Timing-power optimization for mixed-radix Ling adders by integer linear programming (2008)

This paper optimizes timing and power consumption of mixed-radix Ling adders with the physical area constraints using an integer linear programming formulation. Each cell in the prefix network is flexible to have different radix and size, and Ling carries are incorporated. Optimal solutions are obtained by solving the proposed formulation. The experiments show that the produced optimal structures have a large power saving compared with traditional designs. The ASIC implementation results are superior to those produced by Synopsys Module Compiler.
Experimental characterization of LINC outphasing combiners' efficiency and linearity (2005)

In this paper, an experimental characterization of the efficiency and linearity of resistive and outphasing combiners for linear amplification using non linear components (LINC) amplifiers is presented. The combining efficiency is measured for three combiners, i.e., one Wilkinson combiner and two Chireix combiners, with different electric stub lengths. The measured results are compared to theoretical predictions for the three cases. The nonlinear effects of Chireix combiners are highlighted and phase adjustment of one of the system's branches is proposed to linearize it. We show that linearization is feasible in this manner only at the expense of reduced efficiency.