gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Structural and magnetic properties of nanosized iron-polyoxocarbosilane core-shell composites prepared by laser pyrolysis</title> (2007)

Because of their quantum-scale dimensions, nanoparticles exhibit properties different from those of the bulk. As a result of their unique properties, numerous efforts have been made to disperse nanoparticles in polymers to enhance or modify their structural and magnetic properties. A new in situ synthesis method was used to incorporate small iron nanoparticles into a polyoxocarbosilane polymer matrix. Nano-magnetic iron-based composites were obtained by a one-step procedure consisting of the IR laser co-pyrolysis of a sensitized (with ethylene) gaseous mixture containing gaseous iron pentacarbonyl and hexamethyldisiloxane in argon. The simultaneously occurring formation of iron from iron pentacarbonyl and that of organosilicon polymer from hexamethyldisiloxane yield iron nanoparticles surrounded by an organosilicon polymer shell. The particles become superficially oxidized in the atmosphere. They were characterized by Raman analysis, electron microscopy and magnetic measurements. The properties of the nanocomposite particles depend on the experimental synthesis parameters such as flow rates of precursors, total pressure and laser power. Magnetization curves, exchange bias <i>H</i>ex at <i>T</i> = 5 K and AC susceptibility were studied in the temperature range 5-400 K. It was found that the nanocomposite should be in a ferromagnetic blocked state with a minor superparamagnetic contribution of the smallest nanoparticles.
Planning under Uncertainty using Nonparametric Bayesian Models (2012)

The ability to plan actions autonomously to achieve predefined objectives in the presence of environmental uncertainties is critical to the success of many Unmanned Aerial Vehicle missions. One way to plan in the presence of such uncertainties is by learning a model of the environment through Bayesian inference, and using this model to improve the predictive capability of the planning algorithm. Traditional parametric models of the environment however, can be ineffective if the data cannot be explained using an a priori fixed set of parameters. In nonparametric Bayesian models (NPBMs), on the other hand, the number of parameters grows in response to the data. This paper investigates the use of NPBMs in the context of planning under uncertainty. Two illustrative planning examples are used to demonstrate that the additional flexibility of NPBMs over their parametric counterparts can be leveraged to improve planning performance, and to provide a capability to identify and respond to unforeseen anomalous behaviours within the environment.
I know who you will meet this evening! Linking wireless devices using Wi-Fi probe requests (2012)

Active service discovery in Wi-Fi involves wireless stations broadcasting their Wi-Fi fingerprint, i.e. the SSIDs of their preferred wireless networks. The content of those Wi-Fi fingerprints can reveal different types of information about the owner. We focus on the relation between the fingerprints and the links between the owners. Our hypothesis is that social links between devices owners can be identified by exploiting the information contained in the fingerprint. More specifically we propose to consider the similarity between fingerprints as a metric, with the underlying idea: similar fingerprints are likely to be linked. We first study the performances of several similarity metrics on a controlled dataset and then apply the designed classifier to a dataset collected in the wild. Finally we discuss how Wi-Fi fingerprint can reveal informations on the nature of the links between users. This study is based on a dataset collected in Sydney, Australia, composed of fingerprints corresponding to more than 8000 devices.
Palladium‐Catalyzed 2‐Phenylethenylation of Codeine: 8‐[(1<i>E</i>)‐2‐Phenylethenyl]codeinone Dimethyl Ketal as the Unexpected ‘Masked’ Diene for the Preparation of 19‐Substituted <i>Diels–Alder</i> Adducts of Thebaine (2006)

Abstract In a search for starting materials for the preparation of 7,8‐fused morphine alkaloid derivatives, 8‐[(1 E ‐2‐phenylethenyl]codeinone dimethyl ketal ( 4 ) and 8‐[(1 E ‐2‐phenylethenyl]codeine ( 5 ) were prepared. These dienes were used as substrates in the Diels–Alder reactions. Compound 5 formed the ‘normal’ adduct 12 with N‐ phenylmaleimide, while compound 4 behaved in reactions with dienophiles as the ‘masked’ diene 11 , a 8‐[(1 E )‐2‐phenylethenyl]‐substituted thebaine, yielding the corresponding 19‐substituted 6,14‐ endo ‐etheno‐6,7,8,14‐tetrahydrothebaines. Specifically, reaction of 4 with methyl vinyl ketone gave rise to 19‐[(1 E )‐phenylethenyl]thevinone ( 14 ) whose structure was elucidated by an X‐ray diffraction analysis. The thebaine derivative 11 was also prepared from 4 .
Effect of denture cleansers on color stability, surface roughness, and hardness of different denture base resins (2017)

Color changes of all denture base resins were within the clinically accepted range for color difference. Surface roughness change of conventional heat cure resin was not within the clinically accepted range of surface roughness. The choice of denture cleanser for different denture base resins should be based on the chemistry of resin and cleanser, denture cleanser concentration, and duration of immersion.
Symbolic Testing and the DISSECT Symbolic Evaluation System (1977)

Symbolic testing and a symbolic evaluation system called DISSECT are described. The principle features of DISSECT are outlined. The results of two classes of experiments in the use of symbolic evaluadon are summarized. Several classes of program errors are defined and the reliability of symbolic testing in finding bugs is related to the classes of errors. The relationship of symbolic evaluation systems like DISSECT to classes of program errors and to other kinds of program testing and program analysis tools is also discussed. Desirable improvements in DISSECT, whose importance was revealed by the experiments, are mentioned.
Progesterone Regulation of Preimplantation Conceptus Growth and Galectin 15 (LGALS15) in the Ovine Uterus1 (2006)

Peri-implantation conceptus (embryo/fetus and associated extraembryonic membranes) growth and development are primarily regulated by secretions from the uterus. This study investigated the effects of progesterone on preimplantation conceptus development and endometrial galectin 15 (LGALS15). Ewes received daily injections of either corn oil (CO) vehicle or 25 mg progesterone (P4) from 36 h postmating to hysterectomy. Treatment with P4 increased blastocyst diameter by 220% on Day 9 and advanced time of elongation of blastocysts to a filamentous conceptus on Day 12. Effects of P4 treatment on blastocyst development were blocked by administration of RU486, a progesterone receptor antagonist. Consistent with early elongation of blastocysts, interferon tau (IFNT) protein was about 50-fold greater in uterine flushes from Day 12 in ewes receiving P4 compared with those receiving CO. Expression of cathepsin L (CTSL) and radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 (RSAD2), both IFNT-stimulated genes, was increased in endometria of Day 12 P4-treated ewes. LGALS15 mRNA, expressed only in the endometrial luminal epithelium and superficial glands, was detected between Days 9 and 12 and was more abundant in ewes receiving P4 than in those receiving CO on both Days 9 and 12. RU486 treatment ablated P4 induction of LGALS15 mRNA in the endometrial epithelia. LGALS15 protein in uterine flushings was not different on Day 9 but tended to be greater in P4-treated ewes than in those receiving CO on Day 12. The advanced development of blastocysts in P4-treated ewes is hypothesized to involve early induction of specific genes in the endometrial epithelia, such as LGALS15, and undoubtedly components of uterine histotroph.
Lifestyle, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors 10 Years after Bariatric Surgery (2004)

As compared with conventional therapy, bariatric surgery appears to be a viable option for the treatment of severe obesity, resulting in long-term weight loss, improved lifestyle, and, except for hypercholesterolemia, amelioration in risk factors that were elevated at baseline.
The effects of estrogen on osteoarthritis (1998)

The prevalence of osteoarthritis is higher in women than men, and in women it increases dramatically in the years after menopause. These observations and others reporting a painful form of hand osteoarthritis after the menopause suggest that loss of estrogen at the time of menopause increases a woman's risk of getting osteoarthritis. This article reviews biologic evidence for hormone sensitivity of cartilage, animal studies testing the effect of estrogen on the joints of ovariectomized animals, and human epidemiologic and clinical studies evaluating endogenous estrogen levels and estrogen replacement therapy and their relation to the occurrence of osteoarthritis. Overall the evidence for a role of estrogen in osteoarthritis is conflicting. Epidemiologic studies of women who take estrogen replacement therapy, however, consistently report that these women have a lower prevalence of osteoarthritis than women not taking estrogen, suggesting a possible therapeutic role for estrogen in osteoarthritis.
Distributed Generator Sizing for Joint Optimization of Resilience and Voltage Regulation (2018)

The vulnerability of electric power distribution systems to extreme weather events calls for added resilience to help withstand and recover from the high impact low probability (HILP) events. The ongoing push to integrate distributed generators (DGs) in power distribution systems can be leveraged to provide resilience to extreme weather events. Optimally located DGs can help recover the critical services in the event of a major disaster by actively forming self-sustained islanded grids (SSIGs). Unfortunately, the increased DG penetration during normal operation can cause power flow reversal and potential over-voltage concerns at the customer locations. In this paper, a novel approach for the optimal sizing of distribution generators is formulated for resilient restoration in a disaster condition and improving the voltage profile in normal operation. Specifically, a mixed-integer linear problem (MILP) is formulated to maximize the critical loads to be picked up while satisfying the operational and connectivity constraints for SSIG formation problem and minimize the voltage deviations during normal operation of the distribution network. Numerical results based on IEEE 123-node test case validates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Enol acetylation of alkylated .DELTA.4-3-oxo steroids. A novel enone-phenol transformation (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnol acetylation of alkylated .DELTA.4-3-oxo steroids. A novel enone-phenol transformationA. J. Liston and P. ToftCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 8, 2288–2296Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01260a011Request reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Exploratory Drilling in Severely Ballooning Formation - Use of Best Drilling Practices and Real Time Monitoring for Low Cost Mitigation (2016)

Abstract Wellbore ballooning (or wellbore breathing) is a pertinent drilling issue in exploration wells where the formation lithology, geo-mechanics, pore pressure and fracture pressure regime is not fully understood. This phenomenon is generally observed in formations with micro-fractures. While the pumps are on the ECD is just sufficient to open up the natural micro-fractures allowing the mud to enter the formation. As the pumps are switched off the dynamic pressure effect is lost and the static mud weight is insufficient to keep the fracture open, resulting in the mud lost in the formation to flow-back as the fracture closes. A flow back of mud is observed on the surface with pumps off, which can be misinterpreted as wellbore influx or kick. Misinterpreting a wellbore ballooning phenomenon as a well kick can lead to the application of standard well control procedure which can aggravate the problem and may have severe implications even to the extent of well failing to meet its objective and being prematurely abandoned. This paper presents case studies of two wells, viz. NJ North East-1 and Raag Deep Main-1, drilled by the operator in the same block. Severe ballooning was observed in the first well wherein delayed identification of the phenomenon resulted in high NPT and consequential cost impact. The lessons learnt from this experience were implemented in the second well with similar ballooning issues, along with close real-time well monitoring while drilling resulting in smooth drilling operation and successful achievement of objectives as per plan This paper also summarizes suitable in-field drilling practices to be adopted and implemented to mitigate wellbore ballooning, which can be a low-cost alternative to expensive technologies used to counter this phenomenon.
Joint playout and FEC control for enhancing perceived quality of multi-stream voice communication (2011)

A new objective method is presented for predicting the perceived quality of multi-stream voice transmission. Also proposed is a joint playout buffer and FEC adjustment scheme that maximizes the perceived speech quality via delay-loss trading. Experimental results showed that the proposed scheme achieves significant reductions in delay and packet loss as well as improved speech quality.
Industrial policy and employment in the UK: evidence from the pharmaceutical sector (2016)

Abstract Employment scholars have a longstanding interest in the potential for an active industrial policy to shift the UK economy to a high‐wage, high‐skill trajectory. This article addresses this topic by examining policy, performance and employment in the UK pharmaceutical sector, which has historically benefited from substantial government assistance. While weaknesses are apparent, overall the industrial policy context has supported the performance of the UK sector, underpinning a sizable number of highly skilled and paid jobs. The findings demonstrate the potential of an active industrial policy to facilitate a shift to a higher skills trajectory. Wider considerations of relevance and policy recommendations are discussed.
Ligand/receptor internalization: a spectroscopic analysis and a comparison of ligand binding, cellular response, and internalization by human neutrophils (1982)

We have compared the kinetics of the responses of neutrophils to the kinetics of ligand-receptor interaction and internalization, using as a model ligand the fluoresceinated hexapeptide N-CHO-Nle-Leu-Phe-Nle-Tyr-Lys-Fluorescein (Nle, norleucine). Cellular responses, ie, membrane depolarization, enzyme (elastase) secretion, and superoxide anion (O-2) generation, are all initiated within 10 sec of the exposure of cells to stimulus. In the cases of membrane depolarization and secretion (in cytochalasin B-treated cells), full responses are elicited by binding which occurs within 15 sec of peptide addition. Ligand binding and internalization have been analyzed over the same time frame with new spectroscopic techniques. The association of ligand and receptor is monitored using an antibody to fluorescein. The antibody to fluorescein specifically quenches the ligand which is in solution, but receptor-bound ligand is inaccessible to the antibody. The internalization of the receptor-bound ligand is monitored by the accessibility of the fluoresceinated peptide to quenching by an external pH change (7.4 leads to 4.0). Ligand which is either outside or on the cell surface is instantaneously quenched while intracellular peptide (or intracellular fluorescein derived from fluorescein diacetate) is only slowly quenched. No internalization is observed until 1 min after binding begins and internalization proceeds at a rate of up to 5,000 receptors/min/cell following a near optimal stimulatory ligand concentration (approximately 1 nM) while the occupied receptors are being cleared from the surface. A comparison of the kinetics of internalization and the cellular responses suggests that internalization of the ligand is too slow to be involved in the triggering of the cellular responses.
Parallelizable Bayesian tomography algorithms with rapid, guaranteed convergence (2000)

Bayesian tomographic reconstruction algorithms generally require the efficient optimization of a functional of many variables. In this setting, as well as in many other optimization tasks, functional substitution (FS) has been widely applied to simplify each step of the iterative process. The function to be minimized is replaced locally by an approximation having a more easily manipulated form, e.g., quadratic, but which maintains sufficient similarity to descend the true functional while computing only the substitute. We provide two new applications of FS methods in iterative coordinate descent for Bayesian tomography. The first is a modification of our coordinate descent algorithm with one-dimensional (1-D) Newton-Raphson approximations to an alternative quadratic which allows convergence to be proven easily. In simulations, we find essentially no difference in convergence speed between the two techniques. We also present a new algorithm which exploits the FS method to allow parallel updates of arbitrary sets of pixels using computations similar to iterative coordinate descent. The theoretical potential speed up of parallel implementations is nearly linear with the number of processors if communication costs are neglected.
Alkaline Solutions for pH Control (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkaline Solutions for pH ControlR. G. Bates and V. E. BowerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1956, 28, 8, 1322–1324Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60116a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60116a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views856Altmetric-Citations136LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pentameric assembly of a neuronal glutamate transporter (2000)

Freeze-fracture electron microscopy was used to study the structure of a human neuronal glutamate transporter (EAAT3). EAAT3 was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and its function was correlated with the total number of transporters in the plasma membrane of the same cells. Function was assayed as the maximum charge moved in response to a series of transmembrane voltage pulses. The number of transporters in the plasma membrane was determined from the density of a distinct 10-nm freeze-fracture particle, which appeared in the protoplasmic face only after EAAT3 expression. The linear correlation between EAAT3 maximum carrier-mediated charge and the total number of the 10-nm particles suggested that this particle represented functional EAAT3 in the plasma membrane. The cross-sectional area of EAAT3 in the plasma membrane (48 +/- 5 nm(2)) predicted 35 +/- 3 transmembrane alpha-helices in the transporter complex. This information along with secondary structure models (6-10 transmembrane alpha-helices) suggested an oligomeric state for EAAT3. EAAT3 particles were pentagonal in shape in which five domains could be identified. They exhibited fivefold symmetry because they appeared as equilateral pentagons and the angle at the vertices was 110 degrees. Each domain appeared to contribute to an extracellular mass that projects approximately 3 nm into the extracellular space. Projections from all five domains taper toward an axis passing through the center of the pentagon, giving the transporter complex the appearance of a penton-based pyramid. The pentameric structure of EAAT3 offers new insights into its function as both a glutamate transporter and a glutamate-gated chloride channel.
Linear Algebra and Its Applications : Study Guide (1998)

The Study Guide is based on David Lay's many years in the classroom, and has been updated so students can take full advantage of the new projects and data in the Updated Second Edition of the text. This guide gives the worked-out solutions to model problems that correspond with exercises in the text, along with study tips, hints to students, instructions for using MATLAB along with the text, additional MATLAB exercises, and expanded coverage of some text material. Maple and Mathematica appendices have been added, and the TI appendix has been updated to include coverage of the TI-86.
High-average-power kilohertz-repetition-rate sub-100-fs Ti:sapphire amplifier system (1997)

We report on a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser amplifier system that generates pulse energies >5 mJ at a 1-kHz repetition rate. The system consists of regenerative and multipass amplifiers and uses the technique of chirped-pulse amplification. When the system was seeded with 70-fs pulses at 800 nm from a self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire oscillator, amplified pulses of 94-fs duration at a repetition rate of 1 kHz and an average output power of 5.4 W were produced. The amplified pulse-repetition rate is variable from 250 Hz to 3 kHz. Pulse energies of >7.5 mJ were obtained at 500 and 250 Hz.