gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gas transport in a thermotropic liquid‐crystalline polyester (1987)

Abstract A preliminary report is given on the gas transport characteristics of a thermotropic liquid‐crys talline copolyester that is fully aromatic. At 35°C the permeability coefficients for He, H 2 , O 2 , Ar, N 2 , and CO 2 in this polymer are comparable to or smaller than those for polyacrylonitrile, which is one of the least permeable polymers known. This low permeability seems to stem from low solubility of these gases in the liquid‐crystalline polymer rather than low transport mobility. Activation energies for transport are somewhat larger than those found for conventional amorphous polymers. Determination of the detailed mechanism of transport in polymers with liquid‐crystalline order requires further study.
A paraperspective factorization method for shape and motion recovery (1993)

In this paper, we present a method for recovering both the shape of an object and its motion relative to the camera from a sequence of images of the object, using feature points tracked throughout the sequence. The method is based on the factorization method developed by Tomasi and Kanade, which achieves its accuracy by using a large number of points and images, and robustly applying a well-understood matrix computation, the singular value decomposition, to the highly redundant input data. While the Tomasi and Kanade method was based on orthographic projection, our method uses a projection model known as paraperspective projection. Orthographic projection does not account for the apparent change in size of an object as it moves toward or away from the camera, nor the different angle from which an object is viewed as it moves parallel to the image plane. In contrast, paraperspective projection closely approximates perspective projection by modelling both of these effects. A new formulation based on this projection model allows us to apply the factorization method to a wider range of scenarios, and to recover the distance from the camera to the object. The method assumes no model of the motion or of the object's shape, and recovers the shape and motion accurately even for distant objects. We present several experiments which illustrate the method's performance over a wide range of noise values and a wide range of distances from the object.
Micromechanisms of metal dusting on Fe-base and Ni-base alloys (1998)

Phenomena of metal dusting on iron and nickel (and their alloys) were studied by characterizing both microstructure and nanochemistry of the reaction zones using TEM and AEM techniques. While in case of iron a metastable carbide (cementite) is formed nickel directly disintegrates. In the chromium-rich steel HK40 and the chromium-rich Ni-base alloy Inconel 600 some microstructural chromium dependent features were observed with protective effects against metal dusting. Independent of these differences, in all groups of materials a fundamental common starting mechanism on the atomic scale could be deduced, which first of all comprises the arrangement of basal graphite lattice planes perpendicularly oriented to the carbide (or metal) surface acting as active sites in the disintegration process. Mikromechanismen beim Metal Dusting von Eisen- und Nickelbasislegierungen Unter Verwendung von TEM- und AEM-Techniken wurden sowohl die Mikrostruktur als auch die Nanochemie der beim Metal Dusting von Eisen und Nickel (und deren Legierungen) auftretenden Reaktionszonen charakterisiert. Während im Falle von Eisen ein metastabiles Carbid (Zementit) gebildet wird, zerfällt Nickel direkt. Im chromreichen Stahl HK40 und in der ebenfalls Chrom enthaltenden Nickelbasislegierung Inconel 600 wurden mikrostrukturelle Prozesse mit einer Schutzwirkung gegen Metal Dusting beobachtet. Unabhängig von diesen Unterschieden wirkt in allen untersuchten Materialgruppen auf atomarem Niveau ein gemeinsamer, grundlegender Schädigungsmechanismus: Basisebenen des Graphitgitters wachsen senkrecht auf die Carbid- (bzw. Nickel-) Oberfläche auf, wobei ihre reaktiven, frei endenden Kanten als aktive Zentren beim Zerfallsprozeß der Materialien fungieren.
A Potential Second Messenger Role for Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Activation of Ca <sup>2+</sup> -Dependent Protein Kinase (1984)

Arachidonate and other unsaturated long-chain fatty acids were found to activate protein kinase C from human neutrophils. Kinase activation by arachidonate required calcium and was enhanced by diolein but did not require exogenous phosphatidylserine. Submaximal levels of arachidonate also enhanced the affinity of the kinase for calcium during activation by phosphatidylserine. Thus the release of arachidonate, which is triggered in many cell types by ligand-receptor interactions, could play a second messenger role in the regulation of cellular function by activation of protein kinase C.
Test for Antitumor Activities of Phenothiazines and Phenoxazines (1983)

Forty-eight compounds of phenothiazines, benzo [α] phenothiazines, phenoxazines, benzophenoxazines and pyrido [3, 2-α] phenoxazines were prepared and their antitumor activity was examined using a solid type of Ehrlich carcinoma. The compounds which exhibited over 50% Ratio [(sample tumor weight/control tumor weight)×100] in forty-eight compounds were ten, that is, 2-chloro-5-oxo-5H-phenothiazine (4), ethopromazine hydrochloride (7), chlorpromazine hydrochloride (8), perazine dimaleate (11), fluphenazine dimaleate (12), trimeprazine tartrate (13), trimeprazine dimaleate (14), trimeprazine hydrochloride (15), 9-methyl-12H-benzo [α] phenothiazine (16) and 4-hydroxy-9-oxo-9H-benzo [α] phenoxazine (39). No other compounds were found to be high effective.
ChemInform Abstract: A Polymer Electrolyte‐Based Rechargeable Lithium/Oxygen Battery. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multicollinearity in Regression Analysis: The Problem Revisited (1967)

To most economists the single equation least squares regression model, like an old friend, is tried and true.Its properties and limitations have been extensively studied, documented and are, for the most part, well known.Any good text in econometrics can lay out the assumptions on which the model is based and provide a reasonably coherent --perhaps even a lucid -- discussion of problems that arise as particular assumptions are violated.A short bibliography of definitive papers on such classical problems as non -normality, heteroscedasticity, serial correlation, feedback, etc., completes the job.As with most old friends, however, the longer one knows least squares, the more one learns about it.An admiration for its robustness under departures from many assumptions is sure to grow.The admiration must be tempered, however, by an apprecia- tion of the model's sensitivity to certain other conditions.The requirement that independent variables be truly independent of one another is one of these.Proper treatment of the model's classical problems ordinarily involves two separate stages, detection and correction.The Durbin -Watson test for serial correlation, combined with Cochrane and Orcutt's suggested first differencing procedure, is an obvious example.*
Parallel maximum-likelihood inversion for estimating wavenumber-ordered spectra in emission spectroscopy (2002)

We introduce a parallelization of the maximum likelihood cosine transform. This transform consists of a computationally intensive iterative fitting process, but is readily decomposed for parallel processing. The parallel implementation is not only scalable, but has also brought the execution time of this previously intractable problem to feasible levels using contemporary and cost-efficient high-performance computers, including an SGI Origin 2000, an SGI Onyx, and a cluster of Intel-based PCs.
Dependence of image quality on acquisition time for the PET/CT Biograph mCT (2013)

The impact of acquisition time on reconstructed PET image quality is analyzed for different acquisition times (1, 2, 3 and 4min). Image quality was tested according to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 2-2007, the evaluation for the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the reconstructed activity ratio (RAR) for three algorithms, i.e. OSEM, TrueX and TOF applying different effective iteration numbers. The present work shows that the image quality of 3 and 4min acquisition time for spherical lesions of 10mm diameter are not significantly different between TrueX, TOF and OSEM. The 2min acquisition time should be used carefully for the TrueX and OSEM algorithms in small lesions, because the levels of background noise are high compared to 3 or 4min measurements. Also, the reconstructed activity ratio is underestimated to be approximately half of the expected value. For large lesions the three algorithms perform similarly for all acquisition durations, however, OSEM has the advantage of a more accurately reconstructed activity ratio compared to TrueX and TOF, which are more strongly influenced by noise.
Method for calculating a negative-dispersion resonator-type multilayer mirror (2005)

A method is proposed for the calculation of negative-dispersion mirrors with resonator cavities. The mirror optimisation algorithm combines the capabilities of the gradient method and the random search method. A multilayer mirror structure with a reflectivity R>99.9% and a group delay dispersion of -60±10 fs2 in the 930–1070 nm wavelength range was calculated. The sensitivity of the obtained structure to random variations of layer thicknesses was analysed.
Increased Dissolution Rate and Bioavailability Through Comicronization with Microcrystalline Cellulose (2005)

Micronization is a commonly used enabling technology to improve the bioavailability of compounds where absorption is dissolution rate limited. However, decreasing particle size often results in increased Van der Waals' interactions and electrostatic attraction between particles. This causes agglomeration of particles, thereby compromising the increase in surface area gained by micronization. Comicronization with excipients has been reported to offer significant advantages over neat micronization. The present work describes the comicronization of a model compound CI-1040 at a high drug load that shows an increase in the dissolution rate and bioavailability in male Wistar rats. Physicochemical characterization of the comicronized and neat micronized material is presented to help explain the in-vitro and in-vivo data.
Pyrimidine biosynthesis in parasitic protozoa: purification of a monofunctional dihydroorotase from Plasmodium berghei and Crithidia fasciculata (1990)

Dihydroorotase (DHOase) catalyzes the reversible cyclization of N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate (L-CA) to L-5,6-dihydroorotate (L-DHO), which is the third enzyme in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. The enzyme was purified from two parasitic protozoa, Crithidia fasciculata (about 16,000-fold) and Plasmodium berghei (about 790-fold). The C. fasciculata enzyme had a native molecular weight (Mr) of 42,000 +/- 5000, determined by gel filtration chromatography, and showed a single detectable protein band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with Mr 44,000 +/- 3000. The DHOase from P. berghei had a native molecular weight of 40,000 +/- 4000 and a subunit molecular weight on SDS-PAGE of 38,000 +/- 3000. The DHOase from both parasites, in contrast to the mammalian enzyme which resides on a trifunctional protein of the first two enzymes of the pathway, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase and aspartate transcarbamylase, is monomeric and has no oligomeric structure as studied by chemical cross-linking with dimethyl suberimidate. The rate of cyclization of L-CA by the C. fasciculata enzyme was relatively high at acidic pH, decreasing to a very low rate at alkaline pH. In contrast, the rate of ring cleavage of L-DHO was very low at acidic pH and increased to a higher rate at alkaline pH. These pH-activity profiles gave an intersection at pH 6.6. The Km and kcat for L-CA were 0.846 +/- 0.017 mM and 39.2 +/- 6.4 min-1, respectively; for L-DHO, they were 25.85 +/- 2.67 microM and 258.6 +/- 28.5 min-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Independent prognostic value of C-reactive protein and troponin I in patients with unstable angina or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (1999)

An abnormal CRP on admission in patients with unstable angina or NQMI is associated with increased incidence of major cardiac events within 6 months, both in patients with normal and abnormal TnI. CRP and TnI have independent and additive prognostic value in this patient group, and the combination may be useful for early risk stratification.
Blood Preservation Study. (1983)

Blood from human volunteers has been stored in CPD II (citrate-phosphate-dextrose with adenine and with increased glucose). Twenty-four hour viabilities were at least 72% after 35 days of storage of whole blood. Red cells stored as packed cells also generally had satisfactory viability, but sometimes glucose was exhausted and the viability impaired. Packed red cells stored in BAGPM (bicarbonate-adenine-glucose-phosphate-mannitol) maintained 2,3-DPG for up to 42 days storage if internal carbon dioxide absorbers consisting either of blocks of silicone rubber containing calcium hydroxide or silicone rubber bags containing calcium hydroxide were included. The screen filtration pressure of such red cells was improved over that of blood stored in CPD or CPD II. (Author)
<title>Position Sensing With Lateral Effect Photodiodes</title> (1978)

The past several years have seen a dramatic increase in the application of electro-optical techniques to the problems of mechanical alignment. Although these problems have existed for a long time, the applications are new and have required significant developments in position sensing detectors. UDT's lateral effect photodiodes and the systems using them represent state-of-the-art in position sensing. The discussion will include physics of these position sensing detectors and the presently available specifications.
Analysis of a biologically motivated neural network for character recognition (1991)

Article Free Access Share on Analysis of a biologically motivated neural network for character recognition Authors: M. D. Garris Advanced Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD Advanced Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MDView Profile , R. A. Wilkinson Advanced Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD Advanced Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MDView Profile , C. L. Wilson Advanced Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD Advanced Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MDView Profile Authors Info & Claims ANNA '91: Proceedings of the conference on Analysis of neural network applicationsMay 1991 Pages 160–175https://doi.org/10.1145/106965.106967Published:29 May 1991Publication History 11citation859DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads859Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
CORROSION RESISTANCE OF THE GIRTH WELD HAZ OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL (1989)

The corrosion resistance of the girth weld heat affected zone (HAZ) of a duplex stainless steel was discussed in connection with applications to the linepipe for hostile environments. The girth weld HAZ produced with a slow cooling rate welding procedure using a high pitting index base metal (Cr+3Mo+16N 34.0%) showed the same corrosion resistance as the base metal, even in the as welded condition. This is explained on the basis that slow cooling rate would allow sufficient time for the chromium to heal the chromium depleted area adjacent to chromium nitride precipitates.
Can Shared Nearest Neighbors Reduce Hubness in High-Dimensional Spaces? (2013)

'Hubness' is a recently discovered general problem of machine learning in high dimensional data spaces. Hub objects have a small distance to an exceptionally large number of data points, and anti-hubs are far from all other data points. It is related to the concentration of distances which impairs the contrast of distances in high dimensional spaces. Computation of secondary distances inspired by shared nearest neighbor (SNN) approaches has been shown to reduce hubness and concentration and there already exists some work on direct application of SNN in the context of hubness in image recognition. This study applies SNN to a larger number of high dimensional real world data sets from diverse domains and compares it to two other secondary distance approaches (local scaling and mutual proximity). SNN is shown to reduce hubness but less than other approaches and, contrary to its competitors, it is only able to improve classification accuracy for half of the data sets.
Muscle Gene Therapy for Hemophilia (2013)

Muscle-directed gene therapy for hemophilia is an attractive strategy for expression of therapeutic levels of clotting factor as evident from preclinical studies and an early phase clinical trial. Notably, local FIX expression by AAV-mediated direct intramuscular injection to skeletal muscle persists for years. Development of intravascular delivery of AAV vector approaches to skeletal muscle resulted in vector in widespread areas of the limb and increased expression of FIX in hemophilia B dogs. The use of FIX variants with improved biological activity may provide the opportunity to increase the efficacy of these approaches. Studies for hemophilia A are less developed at this point, but utilizing transgenes that improve hemostasis independent of FIX and FVIII has potential therapeutic application for both hemophilia A and B. Continuous monitoring of humoral and T cell responses to the transgene and AAV capsid in human trials will be critical for the translation of these promising approaches for muscle gene therapy for hemophilia.
Determination of technetium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of technetium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometryJ. H. Kaye and N. E. BallouCite this: Anal. Chem. 1978, 50, 14, 2076–2078Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50036a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50036a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A randomized trial comparing interferon-alpha with busulfan for newly diagnosed chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase (1995)

A multicenter randomized study was conducted to compare the effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) with that of busulfan in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in chronic phase. From October 1988 to October 1991, 170 patients were randomized to receive either IFN-alpha or busulfan. Of 159 eligible patients, 31 (38.8%) of 80 patients in the IFN-alpha group and 43 (54.4%) of 79 patients in the busulfan group achieved complete hematologic remission, and 38.8% in the IFN-alpha group and 43.0% in the busulfan group achieved partial hematologic remission. A complete cytogenetic response was induced in seven (8.8%) of 80 patients treated with IFN-alpha and two (2.5%) of 79 patients treated with busulfan, and a partial cytogenetic response was 7.5% (6/80) and 2.5% (2/79), respectively. The difference in major (complete and partial) cytogenetic response between the two groups was significant (P = .046). At a median follow-up of 50 months, the predicted 5-year survival rate was 54% in the IFN-alpha group and 32% in the busulfan group (P = .0290), and the predicted 5-year rate of remaining in chronic phase was 41% in the IFN-alpha group and 29% in the busulfan group (P = .1165). As compared with the patients with no cytogenetic response, the patients with any cytogenetic response (complete, partial or minor) after the IFN-alpha or busulfan treatment were significantly superior in the duration of chronic phase (IFN-alpha group; P = .0017, busulfan group; P = .0010) even after correction for the time to response using the landmark analysis. However, there was no significant difference in survival rate in the IFN-alpha group (P = .1065). There was no significant difference in survival rate (P = .3923) and the duration of chronic phase (P = .6258) between the IFN- alpha and the busulfan group in the patients with a cytogenetic response (complete, partial or minor). These results demonstrate that IFN-alpha treatment produces a significantly superior cytogenetic response and survival rate as compared with the busulfan treatment, and unexpectedly, that busulfan can also eliminate Philadelphia chromosome positive clone in a few patients who showed prolonged survival rate and duration of chronic phase.
Dispersion of the nonlinear optical susceptibility tensor in centrosymmetric media (1974)

The production of light at the combination frequency $2{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2}$ in centrosymmetric media has been observed as a function of the frequencies ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}$ and ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2}$ and the polarization directions of two incident dye-laser beams. The interference of the Raman resonance with the complex electronic contribution to ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(3)}$ has been observed. In diamond and in benzene all of the components of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility have been measured and calibrated with respect to known cross sections for spontaneous Raman emission. Contributions to the cubic nonlinearity have also been measured in the fluoride series Ca${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$, Sr${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$, Cd${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$, Ba${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$, and in calcite.
Site‐Selective Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes (2006)

Site-selective functionalization of nano- or macroscopic segments of carbon nanotubes is accomplished using focused ion beams followed by site-selective derivatization of the segments with nanostructures and biomolecules (see Figure). Such hybrid nanostructures open up new possibilities for nanoscale addressing, fingerprinting, recognition, and separation. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2006/c0181_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.