gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IQGAP1 Regulates Adult Neural Progenitors<i>In Vivo</i>and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Triggered Neural Progenitor Migration<i>In Vitro</i> (2007)

In the germinative zone of the adult rodent brain, neural progenitors migrate into niches delimited by astrocyte processes and differentiate into neuronal precursors. In the present study, we report a modulating role for the scaffolding protein IQGAP1 in neural progenitor migration. We have identified IQGAP1 as a new marker of amplifying neural progenitor and neuronal precursor cells of the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the rostral migratory stream (RMS) in the adult mouse brain. To determine functions for IQGAP1 in neural progenitors, we compared the properties of neural progenitor cells from wild-type and Iqgap1-null mutant mice in vivo and in vitro. The in vivo studies reveal a delay in the transition of de novo neural progenitors into neuronal precursor cells in Iqgap1-null mice. In vitro, we demonstrated that IQGAP1 acts as a downstream effector in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent migratory response of neural progenitors that also impacts on their neuronal differentiation. The Rho-family GTPases cdc42/Rac1 and Lis1 are major partners of IQGAP1 in this migratory process. Finally, astrocytes of the neurogenic SVZ and RMS are shown to express VEGF. We propose that VEGF synthesized by astrocytes could be involved in the guidance of neural progenitors to neurogenic niches and that IQGAP1 is an effector of the VEGF-dependent migratory signal.
The direct inhibitory effect of dutasteride or finasteride on androgen receptor activity is cell line specific (2013)

The direct inhibitory effect of dutasteride or finasteride on AR signaling is cell line specific. Mutations in the ligand binding domain of AR do not appear to play a significant role in influencing the AR antagonistic effect of these drugs. Subcellular constituent is an important factor in determining the drug effect on AR function.
A technique for fabricating Au/Ti micro- and nanotubes (2005)

For the first time, Au/Ti micro- and nanotubes were prepared by rolling initially planar, strained Au/Ti bifilms, freed from the Si substrates by wet selective etching of underlying Al sacrificial layers. Conducting metal tubes with diameters ranging from 20 µm to 40 nm were made from 10 µm wide and 10 cm long metal strips lithographically defined on Si substrates. Also, arrays of tubes rigidly attached to the substrate by unrolled parts of the film were obtained. Fully detached tubes could be bent to form sharp angles or loops without mechanical failure, due to their high plasticity. The shape and electric conductivity of the Au/Ti micro- and nanotubes were found to remain unchanged over a more than two-year long storage in ambient air.
Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Equilibria in Miscible Systems from Binary Parameters (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMulticomponent Vapor-Liquid Equilibria in Miscible Systems from Binary ParametersJohn W. Hudson and Matthew Van WinkleCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1970, 9, 3, 466–472Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260035a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i260035a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
One-Parameter Transformation Groups of the Three-Sphere (1956)

Introduction.In [3], Seifert describes all the fiberings of the three-sphere.The fibers are the orbits when the circle group acts effectively on the three-sphere without fixed points in a certain way.In [2, 6.7], Montgomery and Zippin show that when the circle group acts on the three-sphere effectively but with fixed points its action is described in a suitable coordinate system as a rotation about an axis.In this paper the methods of [2] and of [3] are combined to show that the circle group can act effectively on the three-sphere without fixed points in no other way than in one of the ways described in [3].The result is stated precisely in the following theorem.The author has had the benefit of frequent conversations with Deane Montgomery during the preparation of this paper.Notation.In the following pages 'R' denotes the set of all real numbers, 'Sv denotes the set of all triples x = (xi, x2, x3) of real numbers satisfying Xi+X2+X3 = l, and 'S3' or 'S' denotes the set of all quadruples x = (xi, x2, x3, x4) of real numbers satisfying x+xjj+xjj +*4 = 1.A is the null set.Theorem.If T is a continuous function from RXS to S subject to the conditions:(a) for arbitrary h and h in R and x in S, T(ti+ti, x) = T(h, T(k, x)), (b) T(l, x) =x for arbitrary x in S; conversely, there is no t strictly between 0 and 1 for which T(l, x) =x for all x in S, (c) there is no x in S for which T(t, x) =x for all t in R, then there are two uniquely determined relatively prime integers k' and k", with 1 g k' = k", and a homeomorphism <j> of S onto S so that T(t, <px)= $(n(jt',k")(t, x)) for all t in R and x in S, where H{k',k") is defined from RXS to S by U(k',k")(t, x) = n<i<,*)('.(*i> Xi, xz, Xi)) = ( Xi cos 2irk't + Xi sin 2irk't, -Xi sin 2irk't + x2 cos 2-irk't, x3 cos 2irk"l + xt sin 2irk"t, -xs sin 2irk"t + x4 cos 2irk"l)for all t in R and x in S.
The role of dopamine in motivation for food in humans: implications for obesity (2002)

Obesity is a major public health problem. The increasing number of obese individuals in the US adds urgency to the efforts to understand the mechanisms underlying pathological overeating. Imaging studies using positron emission tomography implicate the involvement of brain dopamine (DA) in normal and pathological food intake in humans. In normal body weight, fasting subjects, food presentation that could not be consumed was associated with increases in striatal extracellular DA, which provides evidence of an involvement of DA in non-hedonic motivational properties of food intake. In pathologically obese subjects, the authors showed reductions in striatal D2 receptor availability that were inversely associated with the weight of the subject. The involvement of the DA system in reward and reinforcement has led to the hypothesis that low brain DA activity in obese subjects predisposes them to excessive use of food. A better understanding of the role of the DA system in the motivation for food intake will help the development of better therapeutic interventions.
A New Route to Organic Nanotubes from Porphyrin Dendrimers (2003)

Durch chemisches „Entkernen“ eines dendritischen Metalloporphyrin-Koordinationspolymers können organische Nanoröhren erzeugt werden (siehe schematische Formel). Zuvor wird die Peripherie des Oligomers durch Ringschlussmetathese intramolekular vernetzt.
Light-absorbing and Scattering Properties of Nonhaemolysed Blood (1967)

Light transmission by thin films of nonhaemolysed blood is affected by the multiple scattering that occurs in undiluted blood. Previous studies did not permit investigation in terms of a light-scattering theory. The present study was made with an integrating-sphere spectrophotometer. Application of Twersky's theory for the multiple scattering of waves permitted separation of the effects of absorption and scattering on the light transmittance of nonhaemolysed blood. It is shown that the relationship between light scattering and red-cell concentration is parabolic and that the absorption of light within the erythrocyte is the same as in a haemoglobin solution.
Partial Characterization and Immunostimulatory Effect of a Novel Polysaccharide–Protein Complex Extracted from<i>Phellinus linteus</i> (2006)

Many polysaccharides isolated from mushroom are considered to be biological response modifiers and have been shown to enhance various immune responses in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrate that a novel polysaccharide-protein complex (PPC) extracted from Phellinus linteus was a potent immunomodulator. PPC had a molecular weight of approximately 73 kDa. It was composed of five different monosaccharides, predominantly D-glucose and D-mannose, in the molar ratio of 3:2, the main amino acid being aspartic acid. PPC had a unique mode of immunostimulation with regard to its cell-type specificity. PPC was found to markedly increase the proliferation of B cells, but not T cells. Although PPC and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) had a similar mode of action in B cells, they were differentiated by the fact that PPC-induced cellular activation was not inhibited by polymyxin B (PB), a specific inhibitor of LPS. PPC increased the cytokine production and nitric oxide (NO) from macrophages. PPC also enhanced the lytic death of NO-sensitive tumor cells, B16 melanoma, through the production of NO. In addition, PPC up-regulated the natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing of tumor cells, YAC-1 lymphoma in vitro. These results suggest that PPC stimulated the tumoricidal activities of macrophages and NK cells, and induced the proliferation of B cells in vitro. This process may be the mechanism by which PPC produced its therapeutic effects.
Insights into scanning probe high-field chemistry of diphenylgermane (2011)

Experiments and simulations are used to elucidate a new class of chemical reactions occurring near the tip-sample interface during high field chemistry of diphenylgermane. Current data during writing and bias dependent growth rate are analyzed, supplemented with data from ionization mass spectrometry, and compared with the simulation results.
Genetic-based reinforcement learning for fuzzy logic control systems (2002)

This paper proposes a genetic-based reinforcement learning for fuzzy logic control systems (GR-FLCS) to solve reinforcement learning problems. The proposed GR-FLCS is constructed by integrating a real-coded genetic algorithm with a time accumulator as the fitness evaluator, a success criterion, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC), and a parameter adapter for the FLC. In this simple but powerful architecture, restrictions, usually met in reinforcement learning for FLCs, can be taken off completely. They are, the FLC must be implemented by a neuronlike network, the shapes of the membership functions in the FLC must be in some form, e.g., bell-shaped, the fuzzy operators must be modified, or only the consequent part of the rule base in FLC can be learned. Finally, the applicability and efficiency of GR-FLCS are demonstrated by an simulation example of the cart-pole balancing problem.
A total synthesis of (±)-Kikemanine (1971)

T. Kametani, T. Honda and M. Ihara, J. Chem. Soc. C, 1971, 3318 DOI: 10.1039/J39710003318
Synthesis Of 2‐D polymer from semi‐amphiphilic Langmuir‐Blodgett (LB) films (1991)

Abstract Semi‐amphiphilic monolayers formed via adsorption of tetraethynylpyridinium porphyrins to a dihexadecyl phosphate monolayer are allowed to react with ammoniacal silver nitrate or ammoniacal cuprous chloride, in order to form two‐dimensional polymolecular species in which silver diacetylide groups or diacetylenic bonds are expected to link adjacent coplanar macrocycles. Evidences are given for the formation of these ultrathin two‐dimensional networks.
<title>Novel low-threshold all-optical switch</title> (1998)

We propose an all-optical switch that is composed of a symmetric Y-branch ion-exchanged glass waveguide with a strip of self-focusing polymer loaded on top of one branch and a strip of self-defocusing polymer loaded on top of the other branch. In terms of Jacobian elliptic functions, the nonlinear dispersion to explain the evolution of TE modes in the device was calculated. It is shown that the device can be used at relatively low input intensities. The factors affecting input power threshold and switching response of nonlinear wave propagation in the device are investigated in detail. To demonstrate nonlinear switching behaviors further, we employ a beam propagation method to simulate optical-field propagation in the Y-branch waveguide.
Inhibition of host NOX1 blocks tumor growth and enhances checkpoint inhibitor–based immunotherapy (2019)

NADPH oxidases catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species and are involved in physio/pathological processes. NOX1 is highly expressed in colon cancer and promotes tumor growth. To investigate the efficacy of NOX1 inhibition as an anticancer strategy, tumors were grown in immunocompetent, immunodeficient, or NOX1-deficient mice and treated with the novel NOX1-selective inhibitor GKT771. GKT771 reduced tumor growth, lymph/angiogenesis, recruited proinflammatory macrophages, and natural killer T lymphocytes to the tumor microenvironment. GKT771 treatment was ineffective in immunodeficient mice bearing tumors regardless of their NOX-expressing status. Genetic ablation of host NOX1 also suppressed tumor growth. Combined treatment with the checkpoint inhibitor anti-PD1 antibody had a greater inhibitory effect on colon carcinoma growth than each compound alone. In conclusion, GKT771 suppressed tumor growth by inhibiting angiogenesis and enhancing the recruitment of immune cells. The antitumor activity of GKT771 requires an intact immune system and enhances anti-PD1 antibody activity. Based on these results, we propose blocking of NOX1 by GKT771 as a potential novel therapeutic strategy to treat colorectal cancer, particularly in combination with checkpoint inhibition.
An upper bound on quantum fault tolerant thresholds (2008)

In this paper we calculate upper bounds on fault tolerance, without restrictions on the overhead involved. Optimally adaptive recovery operators are used, and the Shannon entropy is used to estimate the thresholds. By allowing for unrealistically high levels of overhead, we find a quantum fault tolerant threshold of 6.88% for the depolarizing noise used by Knill, which compares well to "above 3%" evidenced by Knill. We conjecture that the optimal threshold is 6.90%, based upon the hashing rate. We also perform threshold calculations for types of noise other than that discussed by Knill.
Simultaneously inferring T cell fate and clonality from single cell transcriptomes (2015)

ABSTRACT The heterodimeric T cell receptor (TCR) comprises two protein chains that pair to determine the antigen specificity of each T lymphocyte. The enormous sequence diversity within TCR repertoires allows specific TCR sequences to be used as lineage markers for T cells that derive from a common progenitor. We have developed a computational method, called TraCeR, to reconstruct full-length, paired TCR sequences from T lymphocyte single-cell RNA-seq by combining existing assembly and alignment programs with a “synthetic genome” library comprising all possible TCR sequences. We validate this method with PCR to quantify its accuracy and sensitivity, and compare to other TCR sequencing methods. Our inferred TCR sequences reveal clonal relationships between T cells, which we put into the context of each cell’s functional state from the complete transcriptional landscape quantified from the remaining RNA-seq data. This provides a powerful tool to link T cell specificity with functional response in a variety of normal and pathological conditions. We demonstrate this by determining the distribution of members of expanded T cell clonotypes in response to Salmonella infection in the mouse. We show that members of the same clonotype span early activated CD4+ T cells, as well as mature effector and memory cells.
A GaAs HBT monolithic logarithmic IF (0.5 to 1.5 GHz) amplifier with 60 dB dynamic range and 400 mW power consumption (2003)

A GaAs/AlGaAs HBT (heterojunction bipolar transistor) monolithic successive-detection logarithmic IF amplifier (SDLA) is described which demonstrates significant reduction in size and power consumption over state-of-the-art Si bipolar and GaAs metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor log amps with comparable dynamic range and IF bandwidth. This work was motivated by electronic warfare channelized receiver applications in which size, power, and cost are key drivers. The GaAs HBT SDLA log amp achieves single-chip (1.2*2.4 mm/sup 2/) dynamic range greater than 60 dB (-55 to +5 dBm) with less than +or-1-dB error over 1-GHz IF bandwidth at temperatures up to 125 degrees C while consuming less than 400 mW of power.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutic Pipeline: Opportunities and Challenges (2011)

The year 2010 marked the beginning of the era of oral medications for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, with the approval of dalfampridine to improve walking and fingolimod as the first oral disease-modifying agent. This review provides an overview of these and other emerging therapies, with an emphasis on the opportunities for new treatment paradigms they have the potential to offer, followed by a discussion of the challenges they will pose in the new era of multiple sclerosis management. Therapeutics in late-stage development for MS include non-selective immunosupressants, targeted immune-modulators, and monoclonal antibodies. Oral agents including cladribine, teriflunomide, laquinimod, and dimethyl fumarate, as well as monoclonal antibodies alemtuzumab, daclizumab, and rituximab are considered. Potential side effects and adverse event monitoring, including opportunistic infections, emergent malignancies, and other systemic consequences of immunosuppression are discussed in a unified section. Challenges of optimally staging, sequencing, and combining treatments in the expanding multiple sclerosis armamentarium are discussed. This review emphasizes the multifactorial decision making that these new therapeutics will warrant in terms of patient selection and personalization/individualization of therapy, and the increasingly interdisciplinary approach that will be necessitated by the new generation of agents.
A 200 Mb/s analog DFE read channel (2002)

A 200 Mb/s read-channel IC realizes an enhanced decision-feedback equalizer (DFE) with a combination of continuous and discrete time analog and digital signal processing. The design uses a 20 GHz peak-f/sub T/, BiCMOS process operating at 5 V, with a power consumption of approximately 700 mW. All associated functions are included: bit detection, RLL encoder/decoder, servo demodulation, and write precompensation. Data rate range is 64200 Mb/s at a normalized recording density of 1.8-2.4.
Comparative Pharmacokinetic and Electrocardiographic Effects of Intratracheal and Intravenous Administration of Flecainide in Anesthetized Pigs (2018)

Abstract: We compared the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in response to intratracheal instillation of flecainide acetate into the left atrium and ventricle with intravenous (IV) flecainide acetate administration. In 12 closed-chest anesthetized Yorkshire pigs, we monitored the QRS complex and PR, JT c , and QT c intervals during sinus rhythm and correlated changes with venous plasma drug concentrations before and at 2, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after drug administration. Intratracheal instillation of flecainide (0.75 and 1.5 mg/kg, rapid bolus) caused dose/concentration-dependent increases in the QRS complex duration of 10% and 19%, respectively, at 2 minutes, coinciding with peak venous plasma levels (1688 ± 177 and 2808 ± 217 ng/mL, respectively). IV infusion of flecainide (2 mg/kg) over 2 or 10 minutes similarly prolonged QRS complexes and PR intervals (both, P < 0.001). Intratracheal flecainide instillation increased PR interval briefly at 5 minutes. Neither intratracheal nor IV flecainide affected JT c or QT c intervals. Thus, the PK pattern of intratracheal instillation of flecainide is comparable to IV administration, although the absolute plasma concentrations were higher with IV infusion. Both modes of delivery elicited ECG changes that were consistent with the expected pharmacological activity of flecainide.
Association between sequence variations in genes encoding human zona pellucida glycoproteins and fertilization failure in IVF (2005)

Our study on ZP genes of infertile women revealed a high degree of sequence variations. This may reflect gradual reduction of fertility among TFFs, but the putative roles and influences of single variations can only be hypothesized.
Complete molecular remission in a patient with Philadelphia-chromosome positive acute myeloid leukemia after conventional therapy and imatinib. (2004)

Philadelphia-chromosome (Ph)-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is rare and prognosis is poor with a median survival of six to seven months only. We report on a patient with Ph-positive AML (FAB M2, major BCR/ABL1 mRNA transcript, b2a2), who is in sustained complete cytogenetic and molecular remission for 15 months. Cytarabine-based chemotherapy was discontinued after two courses due to infectious complications. Since the b2a2 transcript was still detectable, imatinib was started with quantitative RT-PCR monitoring. This result is promising and worth further evaluation to establish the role of imatinib in patients with Ph-positive AML.
Superresolution by use of code division multiplexing (2003)

Traditional methods for superresolution have sacrificed field of view for resolution. These methods multiplexed different parts of signals' spectrum on different carriers, and thus managed to transfer a wider range of frequency, in a manner that is similar to frequency division multiplexing in classical communication. We propose code division multiplexing for such an application, which has been shown to have superior capabilities. To enable such mutiplexing we propose a unique setup that creates an incoherent cosine transform of the image. A theoretical analysis of the setup is obtained and later compared with the empirical results.
What's Bothering Those Shareholder-Plaintiffs? (1980)

Corporate managers are becoming increasingly aware of the problems associated with shareholder derivative and class action lawsuits. This awareness may have resulted from the publicity given these suits in recent years and the spectacular settlements reached in a few of them, or it may have been caused by concern over an apparent increase in shareholder litigation. What are the complaints of plaintiffs in stockholder suits? How can executives avoid them?
Materials in nanoporous alumina (2002)

Nanoporous alumina membranes are easily available by controlled anodization of aluminium surfaces in aqueous acids. Their properties, such as optical transparency, temperature stability, and pores of variable widths and lengths, make them a unique material to be filled by optically or magnetically interesting elements and compounds on the nanoscale. Magnetic nanowires of Fe, Co, and Ni are formed by AC deposition from aqueous solutions. Gold colloids were generated inside the pores by growing smaller particles or by using preprepared particles. Siloxenes, gallium nitride, and cadmium sulfide have been made inside the pores from appropriate precursors resulting in photoluminescent alumina membranes.