gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel bi-directional AC-DC converter for electrical vehicle battery testing (2011)

This paper develops a bi-directional converter for electrical vehicle battery testing that has fast dynamic response for meeting various battery test requirements. The proposed converter consists of two bi-directional stages, including a front end and second stage. The front end is a three-phase AC-DC converter under charging mode operation. It becomes a DC-AC converter that recovers energy. The second stage is a bi-directional DC-DC converter which simulates the charge and discharge battery behavior. A transient load compensator (TLC) is proposed to provide a fast dynamic response. This special feature reduces the DC-link voltage fluctuation and thereby avoids potential front stage current trip. Furthermore, this fast front end dynamic performance significantly improves the current tracking capability of the DC-DC converter, which simulates the battery charge and discharge behavior. The dynamic current battery behavior used in the EV can therefore be truly reflected by the presented battery simulator. These claims are fully confirmed by experimental results derived from a fully digitally controlled battery simulator for a 6kW/250V EV battery.
Expansion of ribosomally produced natural products: a nitrile hydratase- and Nif11-related precursor family (2010)

This study has united numerous TOMM gene clusters with their cognate substrates. These results suggest that two large protein families, the nitrile hydratases and Nif11, have been retailored for secondary metabolism. Precursors for TOMMs and lanthionine-containing peptides derived from larger proteins to which other functions are attributed, may be widespread. The functions of these natural products have yet to be elucidated, but it is probable that some will display valuable industrial or medical activities.
An open and portable software development kit for handheld devices with proprietary operating systems (2009)

The availability of modern handheld devices equipped with powerful CPUs, large main and secondary memory, Webcam and wireless connection suggests that those devices might also be used to develop sophisticated applications based on computationally intensive algorithms, including for example face recognition, object recognition, character recognition or speech recognition applications. A wide choice of software implementations exists for each of the categories listed above, but almost all of them are designed and developed for PC platform, and porting complex software from PC to the most common handheld platforms can be very time consuming and often inefficient. In this paper, we present Nanodesktop, a portable software development kit created to make easier and more efficient the development and the porting of complex software to handheld platforms, in particular those with proprietary operating systems such as the Sony Playstation Portable. Practical examples and real use cases are presented and evaluated. Nanodesktop is an open source software and can be freely downloaded for testing and evaluation.
Adenosine: a novel ulcer modulator in stomachs. (1992)

Adenosine has been demonstrated for its actions on gastric secretion and stress-induced gastric ulceration in animals. We examined the pharmacological actions of adenosine on ethanol-evoked gastric lesions and gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) in rats, because both of them are closely related. Adenosine pretreatment, in dose of 7.5 mg/kg increased GMBF and protected against ethanol-evoked gastric lesion formation. However, this antiulcer action was followed by an aggravation of gastric lesions and reduction in GMBF. We further investigated whether these actions could act through the adenosine A1 or A2 receptors, therefore L-phenylisopropyladenosine (L-PIA) or N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), the adenosine A1 or A2 receptor agonists, respectively, were used. The drugs given in doses of 10 or 50 micrograms/kg for L-PIA and 1 or 5 micrograms/kg for NECA, dose-dependently inhibited GMBF and potentiated ethanol-induced gastric damage. When the two drugs were given together to animals, they did not further aggravate the severity of ulceration and reduction of GMBF. These findings indicate that the antiulcer action of adenosine is not mediated via the adenosine A1 and A2 receptors but if acts through different adenosine receptor subtypes. It was because the lesion worsening effects of adenosine at the second stage of the biphasic responses were similar to the actions of L-PIA and NECA, the ulcer potentiating effect is probably acting through adenosine A1 and A2 receptors in anaesthetised rats.
Continuous short-wave (radio-frequency) diathermy. (1989)

Continuous shortwave diathermy is the technique of choice when uniform marked elevation of temperature is required in the deep tissues. This heating can be targeted accurately by using an appropriate applicator positioned correctly. SWD also allows superficial structures to be heated selectively, although for this the various methods of surface heating are usually preferable. Sub-acute or chronic conditions respond best to continuous shortwave diathermy which, when used properly, can be as effective as ultrasound. Acute lesions are better treated with pulsed shortwave diathermy. Continuous shortwave diathermy can help to relieve pain and muscle spasm, resolve inflammatory states and reduce swelling, promote vasodilation, increase the compliance of connective tissue, increase joint range and decrease joint stiffness.
Hyperglycemia-induced activation of nuclear transcription factor kappaB in vascular smooth muscle cells. (1999)

The transcriptional nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB can be activated by diverse stimuli such as cytokines, mitogens, oxidative stress, and lipids, leading to the transactivation of several genes that play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis. Because oxidative stress may play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease, we have examined whether culture of porcine vascular smooth muscle cells (PVSMCs) under high glucose (HG) conditions (25 mmol/l) to simulate the diabetic state can lead to the activation of NF-kappaB, and also whether cytokine- or growth factor-induced NF-kappaB activation is altered by HG culture. We observed that PVSMCs cultured in HG showed significantly greater activation of NF-kappaB in the basal state compared with cells cultured in normal glucose (NG) (5.5 mmol/l). Treatment of the cells with cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin-1beta, or with growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-I, and epidermal growth factor, all led to NF-kappaB activation in cells cultured in both NG and HG. However, their effects were markedly greater in HG. The augmented TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation in HG was associated with increased TNF-alpha-mediated transcriptional activation of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 promoter. Immunoblotting with an antibody to the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB indicated that the levels of this protein were higher in the nuclear extracts from cells cultured in HG compared with NG. Cells cultured in HG also produced significantly greater amounts of the reactive oxygen species superoxide. HG-induced NF-kappaB activation was inhibited by a protein kinase C inhibitor, calphostin C. These results suggest that hyperglycemia-induced activation of NF-kappaB in VSMCs may be a key mechanism for the accelerated vascular disease observed in diabetes.
Electrical properties of air-fired Nb-doped SrTiO3 with excess titania (1992)

Abstract Electrical properties of Nb-doped SrTiO3 ceramics sintered above and below the liquid phase formation temperature in air were examined. High apparent dielectric constants were obtained when the donor level was ≥0.8 at%. The high dielectric constants and relatively high loss tangent, along with the I-V characteristics and color of the samples, implied conductive grains and weakly insulative grain boundaries. A weak dielectric relaxation was observed at the low radio frequencies (10-105 Hz) in the temperature region -50[ddot] -125[ddot]C. The ionic polarization model proposed by Skanavi was applicable to the dielectric relaxation, which supports strontium vacancy compensation for Nb donors.
Progesterone stimulates mitochondrial activity with subsequent inhibition of apoptosis in MCF-10A benign breast epithelial cells (2009)

The effects of progesterone on breast epithelial cells remain poorly defined with observations showing both proliferative and antiproliferative effects. As an example, progesterone levels correlate with increased epithelial cell proliferation, but there is discordance between the dividing cells and the cells with nuclear progesterone receptor expression. The release of paracrine growth factors from nuclear receptor-positive cells has been postulated as a mechanism, since in vitro studies show a lack of growth effect by progesterone in breast epithelial cells lacking nuclear receptors. This study examined possible nongenomic effects of progesterone in breast epithelia by using MCF-10A cells known to lack nuclear progesterone receptor expression. Treatment for 30-60 min with progesterone or the progestin, R5020, increased mitochondrial activity as shown by an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (hyperpolarization) with a concordant increase in total cellular ATP. The reaction was inhibited by a specific progesterone receptor antagonist and not affected by the translation inhibitor cycloheximide. Progestin treatment inhibited apoptosis induced by activation of the FasL pathway, as shown by a decrease in sub-G(1) cell fraction during fluorescence-activated cell sorting and a decrease in caspase 3/7 levels. Progestin treatment did not alter the cell cycle over 48 h. Our study demonstrates a nongenomic action of progesterone on benign breast epithelial cells, resulting in enhanced cellular respiration and protection from apoptosis.
Cognition (2016)

Abstract In the history of philosophy, linguistics, and computer science, the development of the term cognition has resulted in a considerable diversity of applications. From a relatively narrow understanding of the concept as the process of idea‐making and perceiving in ancient philosophy to cognitive modeling of human perception and thinking by extended computer systems in the 21st century, cognition as a term and as a concept has traveled from philosophy to the social sciences, psychology, and computing. In the course of this remarkable history of the term, its basic understanding has varied. A definition may be that cognition is a process of solving the natural task of perceiving the world of objects and interpretation of the latter, however exempting the faculties of emotion and volition. Without cognition, neither an understanding of natural and social environment nor the creation of higher abstract ideas was possible. Whether cognition really is a computational process that can be modeled in machines remains debated.
The role of the second zero-dispersion wavelength in generation of supercontinua and bright-bright soliton-pairs across the zero-dispersion wavelength (2005)

Supercontinuum generation with femtosecond pulses in photonic crystal fibers with two zero-dispersion wavelengths (ZDWs) is investigated numerically. The role of the higher ZDW is examined for 5 fiber designs with a nearly constant lower ZDW. It is found that the resulting spectrum is mainly determined by self-phase modulation in the first few mm of fiber, followed by soliton self-frequency shift and amplification of dispersive waves. It is demonstrated how femtosecond soliton pulses can be generated with any desired center wavelength in the 1020-1200 nm range by adjusting the fiber length. Further, the generation of a bright-bright soliton-pair from an initial single red-shifted soliton is found. The soliton-pair has one color in the anomalous dispersion region and the other color in the normal dispersion region, which has not previously been described for bright-bright soliton-pairs.
Photoelectrochemical Properties of Titania Nanotubes (2008)

Abstract not Available.
Optimal capacitor placement using deterministic and genetic algorithms (2000)

A procedure for solving the capacitor placement problem is presented. The objective is to determine the minimum investment required to satisfy suitable reactive constraints. Due to the discrete nature of reactive compensation devices, optimal capacitor placement leads to a nonlinear programming problem with mixed (discrete and continuous) variables. It is solved with an iterative algorithm based on successive linearizations of the original nonlinear model. The mixed integer linear programming problem to be solved at each iteration of the procedure is tackled by applying both a deterministic method (branch and bound) and genetic algorithm techniques. A hybrid procedure, aiming to exploit the best features of both algorithms is also considered. The proposed procedures are tested and compared with reference to a small CIGRE system and two actual networks derived from the Italian transmission and distribution system.
Optical fibers of arbitrary cross sections (1986)

We investigate the influence of cross-sectional shape on propagation in optical fibers. Remarkably simple, analytical expressions are derived for modes on multimoded fibers, including the fraction of power in the cladding, the group velocity, and the modal birefringence. The fibers have arbitrary cross-sectional shape and arbitrary refractive-index difference. New analytical results are given for the rectangular, elliptical, triangular, and wedge-shaped cross sections.
Other High Permeability Materials (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Cobalt Nickel Cobalt-Nickel Alloys Other Cobalt Alloys Other Nickel Alloys Heusler Alloys Other Manganese Alloys Other Alloys and Elements ]]>
A New Approach for Authentication Technique (2005)

One of the serious problems is how to authenticate the passport document for its holder.\nThe major factor of this authenticity is the corresponding of the Passport's photo with its holder. Most\nof the Passport document contains a holder's signature in addition, of course, to the full name. We\npropose a firm authentication method by extracting some features for the original name of the holder\nwith the passport number and digest them in a form, by applying some techniques, that can be hidden\nin the passport's photo. The modern method of issuing a passport now is by using a computer in fixing\nthe passport's photo (imaging). In using this method we could hide the invisible watermark which\ncontains the digest name and passport number inside the passport's photo. During the hidden process\nthere are many techniques could be applied to disguise any color difference appears during the hidden\nprocess. After using this technique, it is very simple to use the computer in scanning and verifying,\nat check point, that the passport's photo has been not replaced and that by comparing the invisible\nwatermark with the digest name of the holder and passport number.
Differential Gene Expression in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome (2005)

Differentially expressed genes with a high level of reproducibility in different tissues and different patients with PEX syndrome are mainly related to extracellular matrix metabolism and cellular stress. The underlying pathophysiology of PEX syndrome appears to be associated with an excessive production of elastic microfibril components, enzymatic cross-linking processes, a proteolytic imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors, and increased cellular and oxidative stress supporting the notion of PEX syndrome as a stress-induced elastic microfibrillopathy.
The vertical wind tunnel of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (1931)

"The vertical open-throat wind tunnel of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics is described in this report. The tunnel was built mainly for studying the spinning characteristics of airplane models, but may be used as well for the usual types of wind-tunnel tests. A special spinning balance is being developed to measure the desired forces and moments with the model simulating the spin of an airplane. Satisfactory air flow has been attained with a velocity that is uniform over the jet to within plus or minus 0.5 per cent" (p. 499).
Laser-Feedback Noise In Magneto-Optical Recording (1988)

Laser-feedback noise has important negative ramifications for the design of magneto-optical media and system performance. However, with appropriate noise-suppression techniques, its consequences can be minimized. This paper models laser noise in a magneto-optical drive and discusses four possible methods for reducing its effects. Finally, experimental results are presented.
New 1-[quinolyl(4)]-1,2,3-triazoles: synthesis and evaluation of antiinflammatory and analgesic properties. I. (1994)

Several 1-[quinolyl(4)]-1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 4-azidoquinolines with activated methylene compounds. The synthesized compounds, tested for antiinflammatory and analgesic activities, resulted moderately active as antiinflammatories, but with a very interesting analgesic activity, sometimes higher than that of indomethacin, used as reference drug. Some of the triazole derivatives were evaluated also as antimicrobial, but none of them exhibited activity.
Cell-mediated immunity in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis syndrome. (1988)

Cell-mediated immunity was measured in 33 patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis syndrome and 33 age and sex matched healthy controls, using the multitest CMI device. The multitest scores in myalgic encephalomyelitis syndrome were significantly less than the controls suggesting a T-cell abnormality in these patients.
Caffeine Administration to Prevent Apnea in Very Premature Infants (2016)

It seems that preventative effects of caffeine on apnea become apparent by using the drug in very premature infants.
The states' challenge to provide maternal and child care. (1983)

President Reagan's federalist policies have resulted in changes in maternal and child services. Public programs are now administered by states instead of by the federal government. The reduction in available funds poses a challenge to state health program administrators and care providers. This dilemma is reviewed in the context of the development of existing programs and the evolution of federalism. The impact of these changes on services and on nursing are discussed.
Estimation of the Effective AgI Ice Nuclei by Two Methods Compared with Measured Ice Particle Concentrations in Seeded Orographic Cloud (1994)

The Utah/NOAA Atmospheric Modification Program conducted a field program during early 1991, with additional support from the Bureau of Reclamation. Several aircraft missions were flown over central Utah’s Wasatch Plateau to monitor plumes of Agl (silver iodide} and tracer gas, and microphysical changes caused by the Agl seeding. This paper discusses one mission during which high-altitude, ground-based Agl release resulted in obvious enhancements in ice particle concentration. Fast-response observations of co-released tracer gas, presumably collocated with the Agl plumes, were used to define seeded zones and crosswind control zones. Two methods were used to estimate concentrations of Agl ice nuclei effective at cloud temperatures sampled by the aircraft. One method used tracer gas concentration measurements while the other was based on acoustical ice nucleus counter observations. Both methods were partially based on a cloud simulation laboratory calibration of the Agl generator done over two decades ago. The methods were compared with the ice particle concentrations apparently caused by the Agl seeding.Both approaches were found to provide a reasonable first approximation or the particular AgI aerosol produced and the sampled cloud conditions. However, caution should be exercised in applying the estimation approaches to other cloud conditions and Agl aerosols.
Center wavelength uniformity of shallow-etched silicon photonic wire AWG (2009)

We have fabricated a WDM device consisting of two or three shallow-etched AWGs on 5-inch SOI wafer. The center wavelength difference between the closely located AWGs was smaller than 1 nm. Meanwhile, the center wavelength deviation over the whole wafer was larger than 5 nm.
Use of Electrically Excited Oxygen for the Low Temperature Decomposition of Organic Substances. (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of Electrically Excited Oxygen for the Low Temperature Decomposition of Organic Substances.C. E. Gleit and W. D. HollandCite this: Anal. Chem. 1962, 34, 11, 1454–1457Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60191a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60191a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations136LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Expression of a Xylanase Targeted to ER-Protein Bodies Provides a Simple Strategy to Produce Active Insoluble Enzyme Polymers in Tobacco Plants (2011)

In the present work we have successfully produced an active insoluble aggregate of xylanase fused to Zera in plants. Zera-xylanase chimeric protein accumulates within ER-derived protein bodies as active aggregates that can easily be recovered by a simple density-based downstream process. The production of insoluble active Zera-xylanase protein in tobacco outlines the potential of Zera as a fusion partner for producing enzymes of biotechnological relevance. Zera-PBs could thus become efficient and low-cost bioreactors for industrial purposes.