gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Closed-Form Expression of the Positional Uncertainty for 3D Point Clouds (2009)

We present a novel closed-form expression of positional uncertainty measured by a near-monostatic and time-of-flight laser range finder with consideration of its measurement uncertainties. An explicit form of the angular variance of the estimated surface normal vector is also derived. This expression is useful for the precise estimation of the surface normal vector and the outlier detection for finding correspondence in order to register multiple three-dimensional point clouds. Two practical algorithms using these expressions are presented: a method for finding optimal local neighbourhood size which minimizes the variance of the estimated normal vector and a resampling method of point clouds.
Short communication: Milk fat globule membrane as a potential delivery system for liposoluble nutrients (2009)

A soft physical process was used to extract and purified bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) fractions on a pilot scale. Oil-in-water emulsions enriched with alpha-tocopherol and lycopene were then prepared and stabilized with the extracted MFGM fraction and conventional milk protein concentrates (i.e., whey proteins, caseinate). A protocol of in vitro digestion was set up to evaluate the bioaccessibility of the tocopherol and lycopene in the different emulsions. Bioaccessibility was defined as the capacity of liposoluble compounds to be transferred into mixed micelles formed during the digestion process. Results showed that the accumulation of the tocopherol and lycopene into mixed micelles in MFGM-stabilized emulsions was around 2-fold greater than in emulsions stabilized with conventional milk proteins. This result confirms the potential use of MFGM-enriched ingredients as delivery systems of liposoluble nutrients in food formulations.
The use of nuclear magnetic resonance for studying and detecting hydrocarbon contaminants in porous rocks (1993)

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements have been made to assess the use of NMR in quantifying the pore‐scale behavior of hydrocarbon contaminants in porous rocks. NMR measurements were made on bulk water, bulk gasoline (the selected hydrocarbon contaminant), and a sample of Berea sandstone, saturated to various levels with the two fluids. When the sandstone contained either water or gasoline, decreasing the level of fluid saturation resulted in a linear decrease in the total integral of the signal amplitude and in the relaxation time T 1 . The first effect allows for the determination of the level of fluid saturation from the NMR data; the second effect indicates the preferential drainage of large pores as saturation decreases for both fluids. A significant difference in liquid/rock interaction, which was quantified by calculating the surface sink parameter of the two systems, resulted in separation between the response of the gasoline and the water when the sandstone sample was saturated with a mixture of the two liquids. NMR laboratory measurements proved to be a useful means of detecting and estimating the quantity of a contaminant present in a porous rock.
Object-oriented operating system design (1991)

Aspergillus oryzae and A. flavus are important species in industrial biotechnology and food safety and have been some of the first aspergilli to be fully genome sequenced. Bioinformatic analysis has revealed 99.5% gene homology between the two species pointing towards a large coherence in the secondary metabolite production. In this study we report on the first comparison of secondary metabolite production between the full genome sequenced strains of A. oryzae (RIB40) and A. flavus (NRRL 3357). Surprisingly, the overall chemical profiles of the two strains were mostly very different across 15 growth conditions. Contrary to previous studies we found the aflatrem precursor 13-desoxypaxilline to be a major metabolite from A. oryzae under certain growth conditions. For the first time, we additionally report A. oryzae to produce parasiticolide A and two new analogues hereof, along with four new alkaloids related to the A. flavus metabolites ditryptophenalines and miyakamides. Generally the secondary metabolite capability of A. oryzae presents several novel end products likely to result from the domestication process from A. flavus.
TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) controls cell survival through PAI-2/serpinB2 and transglutaminase 2 (2011)

The decision between survival and death in cells exposed to TNF relies on a highly regulated equilibrium between proapoptotic and antiapoptotic factors. The TNF-activated antiapoptotic response depends on several transcription factors, including NF-κB and its RelA/p65 subunit, that are activated through phosphorylation-mediated degradation of IκB inhibitors, a process controlled by the IκB kinase complex. Genetic studies in mice have identified the IκB kinase-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1; also called NAK or T2K) as an additional regulatory molecule that promotes survival downstream of TNF, but the mechanism through which TBK1 exerts its survival function has remained elusive. Here we show that TBK1 triggers an antiapoptotic response by controlling a specific RelA/p65 phosphorylation event. TBK1-induced RelA phosphorylation results in inducible expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2), a member of the serpin family with known antiapoptotic activity. PAI-2 limits caspase-3 activation through stabilization of transglutaminase 2 (TG2), which cross-links and inactivates procaspase-3. Importantly, Tg2(-/-) mice were found to be more susceptible to apoptotic cell death in two models of TNF-dependent acute liver injury. Our results establish PAI-2 and TG2 as downstream mediators in the antiapoptotic response triggered upon TBK1 activation.
Naïve Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Generated From β-Thalassemia Fibroblasts Allow Efficient Gene Correction With CRISPR/Cas9 (2015)

In the present study, transgene-free naïve induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) directly converted from the fibroblasts of a patient with β-thalassemia in a defined culture system were generated. These naïve iPSCs, which show ground-state pluripotency, exhibited significantly improved single-cell cloning ability, recovery capacity, and gene-targeting efficiency compared with conventional primed iPSCs. These results provide an improved strategy for personalized treatment of genetic diseases such as β-thalassemia.
Development of a flat-field grazing-incidence XUV spectrometer and its application in picosecond XUV spectroscopy (1984)

A new type of grazing-incidence spectrometer with a flat focal field is developed, and XUV spectroscopy in the extreme ultraviolet region ranging from 15 to 200 Å is carried out. Soft x-ray line spectra emitted from picosecond laser plasmas of aluminum and iron targets are measured and good resolutions are obtained in the XUV region. The spectral regions of detection are extended to shorter wavelengths (15 Å) using a finer spaced grating. Computational studies on x-ray spectra are also performed taking into account the transient characteristics of picosecond laser-produced plasmas; the importance of the transient treatment is clearly shown. This type of soft x-ray spectrometer should be useful for time-resolved picosecond soft x-ray spectroscopy.
Surface-profile reconstruction using reflection differential phase-contrast microscopy (1992)

The use of optical differential phase-contrast microscopy to obtain the surface profile of samples is outlined. The range of accurate feature height determination was calculated as a function of steepness of the side of the feature. Heights of thin features (height <0.1 microm) were accurately determined experimentally. Sample tilting and oblique stage scanning were required in order to determine the heights of thicker samples. Reconstructed profile heights were measured as a function of defocus.
A comprehensive review and evaluation of the side effects of the tumor necrosis factor alpha blockers etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab (2004)

For more than 5 years, infliximab and etanercept have been utilized to treat rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. There is therefore much post-approval data on their side effects. A variety of Medline searches were done at the beginning of June 2004 using the terms 'etanercept', 'infliximab' and 'adalimumab' and the words 'lymphoma', 'infection', 'congestive heart failure', 'demyelinating disease', 'lupus', 'antibodies', 'injection site reaction', 'systemic', 'side effects' and 'skin'. Approximately 150 articles were so identified. In addition, FDA and manufacturers' data obtained by internet searches using Google were reviewed. The important side effects that have been most extensively related to TNFalpha blockers include: lymphoma, infections, congestive heart failure, demyelinating disease, a lupus-like syndrome, induction of auto-antibodies, injection site reactions, and systemic side effects. The risk of these side effects is very low. Nevertheless, it is important for clinicians to be aware of these side effects when prescribing therapy.
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Family of Fluorous Triphenylphosphine Derivatives (2000)

A novel approach to the preparation of perfluorotail-functionalized triarylphosphines using a p-silyl substituent as the branching point has been developed. This approach enabled the attachment of between three and nine perfluorotails per phosphorus atom, resulting in the production of highly fluorous tris[p-(1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluoroalkylsilyl)aryl]phosphines, P[C(6)H(4)-p-SiMe(3)(-)(n)()(CH(2)CH(2)C(x)()F(2)(x)()(+1))(n)()](3) (n = 1, 2, 3; x = 6, 8), containing between 50 and 67 wt % fluorine. (31)P NMR studies indicate that the phosphorus atoms, and consequently the sigma-donor and pi-acceptor properties of these phosphines, are not influenced by the electron-withdrawing perfluoroalkyltails. The fluorous triarylphosphines are readily soluble in fluorous solvents and display fluorous phase preference in several fluorous biphasic systems. The phase partitioning of these fluorous ligands, as well as their donor properties, is discussed in relation to their potential for fluorous biphasic catalyst separation.
The critical point of fractal percolation in three and more dimensions (1991)

The fractal percolation model is constructed by the progressive replacement of each cube by a random collection of sub-cubes, each sub-cube being retained with probability p. There is a critical probability pc(M, d) depending on the dimension d and the substitution ratio M. The authors point out that, for large M, the value of pc(M, d) is near to that of site percolation on a lattice derived from the d-dimensional hypercubic lattice by the addition of certain bonds.
A new ceramic waveguide window for use on X-band valves (1958)

During the development of all-ceramic klystron valves, the conventional resonant window, incorporating a thin ceramic disc sealed to a metal diaphragm, was found to have several disadvantages. A new window was therefore developed which simplifies the input and output structures of microwave valves.The new window consists basically of a length of circular waveguide filled with alumina-type ceramic, transmitting only the TE11 mode. At one end the ceramic protrudes into the valve resonant cavity sufficiently to give the correct coupling. At the other end there is a short transition from ceramic-filled circular waveguide to air-filled rectangular waveguide 16. The valve vacuum is maintained by a gold-brazed molybdenum-manganese seal between the ceramic and the copper ferrule which together make up the circular waveguide section. A flange is soldered or clamped to the end of the ferrule after valve processing, for connection between the valve and the external waveguide system.The window has been satisfactorily applied to the type SZ20 klystron and tests have shown that it is also capable of passing 1600 watts c.w. power. This corresponds to a power density in the ceramic of about 16 kW/in2.
Effect of local refrigeration prior to venipuncture on pain related responses in school age children. (2007)

The results of this study suggest that the use of local refrigeration prior to venipuncture can be considered an easy and effective intervention of reducing venipuncture-related pain.
Poly(ethylene glycol) Monolayer Formation and Stability on Gold and Silicon Nitride Substrates (2008)

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are extensively used to modify substrates to prevent nonspecific protein adsorption and to increase hydrophilicity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, complemented by water contact angle measurements, is employed to investigate the formation and stability upon aging and heating of PEG monolayers formed on gold and silicon nitride substrates. In particular, thiolated PEG monolayers on gold, with and without the addition of an undecylic spacer chain, and PEG monolayers formed with oxysilane precursors on silicon nitride have been probed. It is found that PEG-thiol SAMs are degraded after less than two weeks of exposure to air and when heated at temperatures as low as 120 degrees C. On the contrary, PEG-silane SAMs are stable for more than two weeks, and fewer molecules are desorbed even after two months of aging, compared to those desorbed in two weeks from the PEG-thiol SAMs. A strongly bound hydration layer is found on PEG-silane SAMs aged for two months. Heating PEG-silane SAMs to temperatures as high as 160 degrees C improves the quality of the monolayer, desorbing weakly bound contaminants. The differences in stability between PEG-thiol SAMs and PEG-silane SAMs are ascribed to the different types of bonding to the surface and to the fact that the thiol-Au bond can be easily oxidized, thus causing desorption of PEG molecules from the surface.
A false alarm reduction method for PWB pattern inspection system (2003)

Among optical pattern inspection methods for PWBs (printed wiring boards), a feature-extraction method achieves higher throughput than a design-data-comparison method, but it cannot avoid false alarms completely. The authors propose an error-code-chain method to reduce these false alarms. A hierarchical defect analysis technique is employed, combining the feature-extraction method and the error-code-chain method. It discriminates between fatal defects and false alarms, taking global features into account. This method has been applied to the pattern inspection system described by G. Odawara et al. (1986), and it has achieved both false alarm reduction and video-rate processing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dog sciatic nerve regeneration across a 30-mm defect bridged by a chitosan/PGA artificial nerve graft (2005)

We have developed a dual-component artificial nerve graft comprising an outer microporous conduit of chitosan and internal oriented filaments of polyglycolic acid (PGA). The novel graft was used for bridging sciatic nerve across a 30-mm defect in six Beagle dogs, which were used as a chitosan/PGA graft group. The other Beagle dogs were divided into an autograft group (n = 6) as the positive control and a non-grafted group (n = 5) as the negative control. All animals of three groups were monitored for changes in their appearance and locomotion activities after surgery. Their posture and gait were recorded regularly with the aid of photographs and videotapes for each dog. Six months post-operatively, a combination of electrophysiological examination, FluoroGold retrograde tracing, histological assessment including light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry as well as morphometric analyses to both regenerated nerves and target muscles was utilized to investigate the nerve repair effects of our artificial nerve graft. The results demonstrated that, in the chitosan/PGA graft group, the dog sciatic nerve trunk had been reconstructed with restoration of nerve continuity and functional recovery, and its target skeletal muscle had been re-innervated, improving locomotion activities of the operated limb. This study proves the feasibility of the chitosan/PGA artificial nerve graft for peripheral nerve regeneration by bridging a longer defect in a large animal model.
Central corneal thickness, radius of the corneal curvature and intraocular pressure in normal subjects using non‐contact techniques: Reykjavik Eye Study (2002)

IOP was found to be independent of age and significantly higher in females than in males. Radius of CC was found to be age-independent and significantly steeper in females than in males. CCT appears to be independent of age and gender. Greater CCT is associated with higher mean IOP.
Estrogen Receptor Analysis by Flow Cytometry (1984)

A fluorescently labeled estradiol, N'-fluoresceino-N'-(17 beta-estradiol hemisuccinamide) thiourea (FE) was used for measuring estrogen receptor content per cell in tumor cells. The cellular content of FE was measured quantitatively by flow cytometry. Binding of FE occurs in the nanomolar concentration range, an indication of the high affinity of the labeled estradiol. Competition of FE for binding sites is observed with estrogens, but not with progestins, androgens, or glucocorticosteroids, indicating the specificity of FE binding. In contrast to other estrogen receptor assays, this new technique requires a small sample size (about 5000 cells) and permits the assessment of heterogeneity in estrogen receptor expression among tumor cells.
A Novel Adaptive Wrist Actigraphy Algorithm for Sleep-Wake Assessment in Sleep Apnea Patients (2004)

We conclude that this actigraphy algorithm provides a reasonably accurate estimation of sleep and wakefulness in normal subjects and patients with obstructive sleep apnea on an epoch-by-epoch basis. This simple method for assessment of total sleep time may provide a useful tool for the accurate quantification of obstructive sleep apnea in the home environment.
Sequence-specific RNA binding by an SR protein requires RS domain phosphorylation: Creation of an SRp40-specific splicing enhancer (1997)

We showed previously that ASF/SF2, a member of the SR protein family of splicing factors, can activate a splicing enhancer element composed of high-affinity ASF/SF2 binding sites. To determine whether other SR proteins can behave similarly, we selected a high-affinity RNA-binding site (B1) for the SR protein SRp40. Strikingly, the success of this selection was completely dependent on phosphorylation of the RS domain, as unphosphorylated SRp40 failed to select specific sequences. We show that three copies of B1 function as a strong splicing enhancer, activating an intron with suboptimal splicing signals in nuclear extracts. Enhancer activity in S100 extracts (which lack SR proteins) required SRp40 and a nuclear fraction previously found to be required for ASF/SF2-dependent splicing. Importantly, enhancer activity was lost when SRp40 was replaced by ASF/SF2 or SC35, and SRp40 was the only classical SR protein found to be associated with the enhancer. Together, our results indicate that phosphorylation-dependent, sequence-specific RNA binding can impart unique activities to individual SR proteins.
Attractive Nuisance in Montana (1953)

Attractive Nuisance in Montana
A psychological assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome/chronic epstein-barr virus patients (1989)

Abstract Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), the current name for a malady most recently known as Chronic Epstein Barr Virus (CEBV), is a medical puzzle that now is a focus of intense research interest. Although the literature is sparse and studies are either anecdotal or based on small samples, psychological and psychiatric symtoms are frequently reported for patients with symptoms suggestive of CFS/CEBV. Cognitive impairment in this population has been frequently noted but has also received little systematic attention in CFS/CEBV research. Consequently, the aim of this study was twofold: (1) to broaden understanding of the psychological aspects of CFS/CEBV, including cognition, and (2) to place this understanding on a firmer empirical basis by use of a more comprehensive battery and a larger sample than typifies previous research. Twenty-four subjects exhibiting both serological profile and clinical symptomatology indicative of CEBV/CFS infection were investigated. Multiple measures were employed to tap personality and affective state (Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, Profile of Mood States, Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression), and cognitive functioning (Folstein Mini-Mental State, Wechsler Memory Scale). Evidence of severe personality pathology and affective distress was uncovered in this population. It is possible that the elevations seen in scales measuring affective disturbance reflect the endorsement of test items which tap somatic concerns. This finding highlights the importance of cautious interpretation regarding affective disturbance in this population. The cognitive findings present a puzzling mix of normality and abnormality that is difficult to interpret. It is clear from our findings that even more comprehensive psychological/cognitive batteries are necessary in studies of CFS/CEBV patients. Additionally, longitudinal approaches and larger sample sizes will considerably enhance the validity of research and help to understand the lability and chronicity characteristic of this syndrome.
Le krill antarctique (2007)

Le krill antarctique représente une très importante biomasse, peu contaminée par les polluants organiques ou les métaux lourds, pêchée depuis 1975 pour l’alimentation animale et l’aquaculture. Une valorisation plus intéressante pour la santé humaine est possible (enzymes, extraits actifs, huile de krill). Le krill contient peu de lipides, riches en EPA et DHA très biodisponibles car présents pour une part importante dans des phospholipides. Un faisceau convergent d’éléments montre l’intérêt potentiel de la consommation de krill dans le domaine cardiovasculaire; les études dans les autres champs de la santé sont prometteuses mais beaucoup plus limitées. Bien qu’il n’y ait pas de raison de s’inquiéter sur la sécurité des produits issus du krill, les particularités de la réglementation européenne sur les nouveaux aliments et les allégations pourraient en freiner le développement commercial.
[Clinical trial of the effects of isodibut on several indicators of microcirculation in combined therapy of patients with diabetes mellitus]. (1996)

The authors have tried a new drug isodibut, aldoreductase inhibitor, of Russian produce in 53 patients with diabetes mellitus. A course of isodibut++ has improved blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, microcirculatory blood flow, normalized muscular blood flow as indicated by electrocoagulation, conjunctival biomicroscopy, radionuclide tracing. The drug is recommended for treatment and prevention of diabetic angiopathy.
IPF: an incremental parallel formulator (1990)

A computer simulation model of the human speaker is presented which generates sentences in a piecemeal way. The module responsible for Grammatical Encoding (the tactical component) is discussed in detail. Generation is conceptually and lexically guided and may proceed from the bottom of the syntactic structure upwards as well as from the top downwards. The construction of syntactic structures is based on unification of socalled syntactic segments.