gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-587 antagonizes 5-FU-induced apoptosis and confers drug resistance by regulating PPP2R1B expression in colorectal cancer (2015)

Drug resistance is one of the major hurdles for cancer treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown and therapeutic options remain limited. In this study, we show that microRNA (miR)-587 confers resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced apoptosis in vitro and reduces the potency of 5-FU in the inhibition of tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model in vivo. Further studies indicate that miR-587 modulates drug resistance through downregulation of expression of PPP2R1B, a regulatory subunit of the PP2A complex, which negatively regulates AKT activation. Knockdown of PPP2R1B expression increases AKT phosphorylation, which leads to elevated XIAP expression and enhanced 5-FU resistance; whereas rescue of PPP2R1B expression in miR-587-expressing cells decreases AKT phosphorylation/XIAP expression, re-sensitizing colon cancer cells to 5-FU-induced apoptosis. Moreover, a specific and potent AKT inhibitor, MK2206, reverses miR-587-conferred 5-FU resistance. Importantly, studies of colorectal cancer specimens indicate that the expression of miR-587 and PPP2R1B positively and inversely correlates with chemoresistance, respectively, in colorectal cancer. These findings indicate that the miR-587/PPP2R1B/pAKT/XIAP signaling axis has an important role in mediating response to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. A major implication of our study is that inhibition of miR-587 or restoration of PPP2R1B expression may have significant therapeutic potential to overcome drug resistance in colorectal cancer patients and that the combined use of an AKT inhibitor with 5-FU may increase efficacy in colorectal cancer treatment.
An Exhaustive Resource Search Algorithm Based on Ping-Pang Mapping (2008)

A resource search algorithm gravely affects the performance of P2P system. This paper proposes a probabilistic and exhaustive search algorithm, which has the merits of structured and unstructured P2P system. The topology of system employs a relaxed random multigraph which is scalable. The algorithm firstly evaluates the desired number of replica of data and query by the birthday paradox theory, which is determined by the userpsilas reliable requirement, and then maps the replica of data and query onto peers in the network by Ping-Pang mapping to perform the exhaustive search. This algorithm overcomes the drawback that the search range is limited and some existing resources can not be found in the unstructured P2P.
Predicting the sentiment in sentences based on words: An exploratory study on ANEW and ANET (2012)

Current practices for sentiment prediction from text mostly involve words-in-a-bag approach that utilize techniques such as support vector machines or naïve Bayes. In this study, ANET (Affective Norms for English Text) sentence ratings of pleasure and arousal are compared with ANEW (Affective Norms for English Words) word ratings using regression and single layer neural networks. The sentences in ANET are decomposed into their words to obtain valence and arousal ratings from ANEW. A stop list is formed for non-words as well as words that are not found in ANEW. Then we studied whether the sentence sentiment reflected in terms of valence and arousal can be predicted from the sentiment of words in the sentence. Using linear regression, we found that approximately 35% of the variance in ANET valence and arousal ratings can be explained by ANEW valence and arousal ratings. Furthermore, Pearson correlation coefficient for ANEW and ANET ratings are similar for both valence and arousal, and close to 0.6. We also trained neural networks to investigate if non-linear approximations improved prediction of sentence sentiments from the constituent words. Out of several feedforward neural network configurations, a network with 200 hidden layer nodes turned out to be capable of identifying sentence sentiments accurately: the words' valence and arousal values explained 88% of the variance in the sentences' valence ratings and 91% of the variance in the sentences' arousal ratings. This preliminary study indicates that a proper choice of neural network might be adequate to estimate sentiments of sentences from sentiments of words.
Chemical Microstructures on Electrodes (1984)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTChemical Microstructures on ElectrodesLARRY R. FAULKNERView Author Information University of Texas, AustinCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1984, 62, 9, 28–45Publication Date (Print):February 27, 1984Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 27 February 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v062n009.p028https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v062n009.p028newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1984 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Electrodes Get e-Alerts
Metal-mediated enantioselective access to unfunctionalized aliphatic oxiranes: prochiral and chiral recognition (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal-mediated enantioselective access to unfunctionalized aliphatic oxiranes: prochiral and chiral recognitionVolker Schurig and Frank BetschingerCite this: Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 5, 873–888Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00013a006https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00013a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views792Altmetric-Citations132LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Is there a relationship between treatment for infertility and gestational trophoblastic disease? (2004)

We conclude that we can demonstrate no relationship between infertility treatment and subsequent development of GTD.
Formation and reactions of dithiodicarbenium salts (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation and reactions of dithiodicarbenium saltsRonald L. Blankespoor, Michael P. Doyle, William H. Hedstrand, William H. Tamblyn, and David A. Van DykeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 24, 7096–7101Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00414a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00414a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views239Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Smoothing speckled images using an adaptive rational operator (1997)

This letter presents an adaptive rational filter for use in smoothing correlated speckle noise in images while preserving edges. The filter adapts to local conditions via point estimates of the standard deviation to mean ratio. The filter's performance is demonstrated by quantitative tests on synthetically corrupted speckled images.
Summarization of User-Generated Sports Video by Using Deep Action Recognition Features (2018)

Automatically generating a summary of a sports video poses the challenge of detecting interesting moments, or highlights, of a game. Traditional sports video summarization methods leverage editing conventions of broadcast sports video that facilitate the extraction of high-level semantics. However, user-generated videos are not edited and, thus, traditional methods are not suitable to generate a summary. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a novel video summarization method that uses players' actions as a cue to determine the highlights of the original video. A deep neural-network-based approach is used to extract two types of action-related features and to classify video segments into interesting or uninteresting parts. The proposed method can be applied to any sports in which games consist of a succession of actions. Especially, this paper considers the case of Kendo (Japanese fencing) as an example of a sport to evaluate the proposed method. The method is trained using Kendo videos with ground truth labels that indicate the video highlights. The labels are provided by annotators possessing a different experience with respect to Kendo to demonstrate how the proposed method adapts to different needs. The performance of the proposed method is compared with several combinations of different features, and the results show that it outperforms previous summarization methods.
The association of amyloid deposits and osteoarthritis (1982)

Ten of eighteen consecutive patients who underwent total knee or hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis had amyloid present in the surgically removed articular tissues. It was found in 6 of 13 cartilage specimens, 4 of 18 articular capsules, and 2 of 16 synovial membranes. In 3 of the cartilage specimens, the amyloid was adjacent to focal deposits of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals. Therefore, deposits of amyloid are not uncommon in osteoarthritis and may be more than incidental findings.
Unsupervised HLA Peptidome Deconvolution Improves Ligand Prediction Accuracy and Predicts Cooperative Effects in Peptide–HLA Interactions (2016)

Ag presentation on HLA molecules plays a central role in infectious diseases and tumor immunology. To date, large-scale identification of (neo-)Ags from DNA sequencing data has mainly relied on predictions. In parallel, mass spectrometry analysis of HLA peptidome is increasingly performed to directly detect peptides presented on HLA molecules. In this study, we use a novel unsupervised approach to assign mass spectrometry-based HLA peptidomics data to their cognate HLA molecules. We show that incorporation of deconvoluted HLA peptidomics data in ligand prediction algorithms can improve their accuracy for HLA alleles with few ligands in existing databases. The results of our computational analysis of large datasets of naturally processed HLA peptides, together with experimental validation and protein structure analysis, further reveal how HLA-binding motifs change with peptide length and predict new cooperative effects between distant residues in HLA-B07:02 ligands.
Optical communications research and technology: Fiber optics (1978)

The current state of the art of fiber optics components is reviewed and projected uses of fiber optical technology are detailed. A brief discussion is presented describing the fundamentals of light guiding and the factors which affect the performance of light guides. Current fiber Optics capabilities in terms of attenuation, information capacity, fiber strength and fabrication are discussed. The status of optical cables, sources, detectors, and couplers is presented, and proposed and demonstrated systems are described. Trends in the development of fiber optics are outlined, and discussion and comparisons are given with other technologies which indicate the economic and technical viability of fiber optics. Concluding remarks summarize the technology status and indicate where the technology is expected to find application.
Attentional Capture without Awareness in Complex Visual Tasks (2012)

Abrupt onsets of visual cues capture an observer's attention, even when the cues do not reach the observer's visual awareness. In the present study, we investigated the effects of subthreshold cues on the performance of a useful field of view task. Participants localized a target stimulus presented in the peripheral visual field while identifying a character presented at the fovea. Before the presentation of central and peripheral targets, a suprathreshold or subthreshold cue indicating a likely location of the peripheral target was presented. We found that the suprathreshold cue led to both a benefit in the valid trials and cost in the invalid trials, while the subthreshold cue produced only a benefit in the valid trials without a cost in the invalid trials. Similar patterns of results were also observed when the cue preceded the targets by 10-200 ms, although a small cost was observed for the 12 deg eccentricity at the stimulus onset asynchronies of 50 ms and 100 ms in the subthreshold condition. These results indicate that attentional capture occurs without awareness of the cue and suggest that the effect of the cue on the spatial shift of attention would be different between the suprathreshold and subthreshold conditions.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Women (2007)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00032617.
Modeling the Cost Structure of Identity Proofing (2014)

Identity Proofing - providing a digital identifier bound to a real-world entity - is effective against identity theft, which is a serious problem for cyber security. In-person interaction with an applicant is the basis of identity proofing, but that is only effective when all applicants are located near a registration authority (RA) which is responsible for verifying some or all of the applicant's identity information. Since that requirement can be hard to fulfill, especially in distributed organizations, the RA has two conventional types: local and remote. A quantitative evaluation model of system operation costs for RAs would allow an organization to determine the most appropriate RA type or combination of types for the topology of their situation. In this paper, we propose a cost structure model for various different cost factors, such as the access cost to an authoritative source, and the number of RA operators. Our model provides two major contributions: a tool for optimizing the cost-performance of a system that is determined by the choice of RA type and a quantitative method for evaluating and comparing existing systems.
[A continuous-step density percoll gradient for use in AIH and life table analysis of pregnancy rates]. (1990)

For use in artificial insemination with husband's semen (AIH), a continuous-step Percoll density gradient technique was used to wash and concentrate sperm from ejaculate. To evaluate usefulness, the pregnancy rates were analyzed by the life table method. 1. After washing by the continuous-step Percoll density gradient method, sperm density increased from 28.8 X 10(6)/ml (original semen) to 40.9 X 10(6)/ml and sperm motility improved from 52.4% (original semen) to 77.0% respectively. 2. A group of 119 infertile patients whose diagnosis involved oligoasthenozoospermia, cervical factor and unexplained infertility were selected for AIH. After 640 insemination cycles, 37 women conceived with a pregnancy rate of 31.1%. By using life table analysis, the cumulative conception probability rate reached 0.652 after 13 insemination cycles. 3. Cumulative pregnancy rates by diagnostic category were 0.494 in male factor and 0.745 in cervical factor after 12 cycles, respectively. 4. The poorest results were obtained in unexplained infertility with a cumulative pregnancy rate of only 0.355 after 12 cycles. 5. In the follow up study, 24 viable babies were born and seven (18.9%) resulted in spontaneous abortion in the first trimester. These results indicate that the continuous-step Percoll density gradient technique is useful for improving the pregnancy rate in AIH.
Unsupervised language model adaptation for automatic speech recognition of broadcast news using web 2.0 (2013)

We improve the automatic speech recognition of broadcast news using paradigms from Web 2.0 to obtain timeand topicrelevant text data for language modeling. We elaborate an unsupervised text collection and decoding strategy that includes crawling appropriate texts from RSS Feeds, complementing it with texts from Twitter, language model and vocabulary adaptation, as well as a 2-pass decoding. The word error rates of the tested French broadcast news shows from Europe 1 are reduced by almost 32% relative with an underlying language model from the GlobalPhone project [1] and by almost 4% with an underlying language model from the Quaero project. The tools that we use for the text normalization, the collection of RSS Feeds together with the text on the related websites, a TF-IDF-based topic words extraction, as well as the opportunity for language model interpolation are available in our Rapid Language Adaptation Toolkit [2] [3].
Chemistry of trichlorophosphazosulfuryl chloride (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of trichlorophosphazosulfuryl chlorideJohn K. RuffCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1967, 6, 11, 2108–2110Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50057a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50057a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>Clostridium perfringens</i> Type A Food Poisoning II. Response of the Rabbit Ileum as an Indication of Enteropathogenicity of Strains of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> in Human Beings (1971)

The effect of feeding human beings individual strains of Clostridium perfringens or culture filtrates thereof was examined. The strains selected for challenge included both those which had previously been shown to produce fluid accumulation in the ligated ileum or overt diarrhea when injected into the nonligated ileum of the rabbit, or had produced both, and those which did not regularly produce these responses. Challenge doses prepared by allowing each strain to grow in beef stew for 3 hr at 46 C resulted in a 61% incidence of diarrhea when rabbit-positive cells were used. No diarrhea occurred among the subjects fed rabbit-negative strains prepared in a similar manner. The procedures employed in preparing the challenge dose appeared to influence the results obtained. When cell-free filtrates were fed, 4 of 15 persons consuming filtrates from rabbit-positive strains developed diarrhea. All subjects fed filtrates from rabbit-negative strains remained free from diarrhea. Serological tests were carried out to compare the identity of the strains of C. perfringens consumed by the subjects and those excreted in the feces. Heat resistance measured as D 100 values varied greatly among the rabbit-positive strains.
Molecular Weight and End Group Control of Isotactic Polystyrene Using Olefins and Nonconjugated Diolefins as Chain Transfer Agents (2008)

Styrene was isospecifically polymerized on dichloro[1,4-dithiabutandiyl-2,2‘-bis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxy)]titanium (1) activated with methylaluminoxane in the presence of monoolefins such as 1-hexene, cyclopentene, and norbornene and nonconjugated diolefins such as 1,9-decadiene, 1,7-octadiene, and dicyclopentadiene. The molecular weight of isotactic polystyrene was varied from 2000 to 600 000 g/mol as a function of the olefin/styrene molar ratio without sacrificing high catalyst activities. Chain transfer constants were determined, with the highest values found for linear mono- and nonconjugated diolefins. In contrast to norbornene, 1-olefin incorporation was very low. End groups were identified by means of 13C NMR investigations of polymers containing 13C-labeled 1-octene. Olefin- and diolefin-terminated isotactic polystyrenes including novel vinyl-terminated macromonomers were obtained in high yields.
Causes of death in sickle cell disease: an autopsy study (2003)

More precise analysis of causes of death is needed to focus research efforts and improve morbidity and mortality in sickle cell disease. In this study, the morphological evidence of the cause of death was studied in 306 autopsies of sickle cell disease, which were accrued between 1929 and 1996. The most common cause of death for all sickle variants and for all age groups was infection (33-48%). The terminal infection was heralded by upper respiratory tract syndromes in 72.6% and by gastroenteritis in 13.7%. The most frequent portal of entry in children was the respiratory tract but, in adults, a site of severe chronic organ injury. Other causes of death included stroke 9.8%, therapy complications 7.0%, splenic sequestration 6.6%, pulmonary emboli/thrombi 4.9%, renal failure 4.1%, pulmonary hypertension 2.9%, hepatic failure 0.8%, massive haemolysis/red cell aplasia 0.4% and left ventricular failure 0.4%. Death was frequently sudden and unexpected (40.8%) or occurred within 24 h after presentation (28.4%), and was usually associated with acute events (63.3%). This study shows that the first 24 h after presentation for medical care is an especially perilous time for patients with sickle cell disease and an acute event. Close monitoring and prompt aggressive treatment are warranted.