gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introduction of SVM algorithms and recent applications about fault diagnosis and other aspects (2015)

Support vector machine has obtained more and more attentions as a new method of machine learning based on the statistic learning theory. At the same time, there are increasing concerns about the fault diagnosis for practical engineering systems. Firstly, many kinds of SVM algorithms will be introduced, such as LS-SVM, LSVM and PSVM and so on. Besides, the advantages and disadvantage of those methods will be introduced. Finally, we discuss fault diagnosis and other aspects' recent applications and the directions we should research in the future.
Differential expression pattern of the antiapoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and FLIP, in experimental arthritis (2001)

The overall percentage of TUNEL-positive cells in the ankle was <1% except on days 28 and 35 post-adjuvant injection, suggesting that in AIA, similar to rheumatoid arthritis, a lack of apoptosis may contribute to disease progression. Furthermore, Bcl-2 and FLIP are temporally and differentially expressed during the pathogenesis of AIA. Inhibition of these molecules may augment synovial apoptosis and ameliorate the disease.
Slow‐Freezing Injury in Mammalian Cells (1977)

This chapter contains section titled: Injury at Supraoptimal Coollng Rates Injury at Suboptimal Cooling Rates Protection by Additives Against Solution-Effect Injury Physical-Chemical Nature of Solution Effects Osmotic Volume Changes During Freezing Biological Responses of Slowly Frozen Cells to Solutlon Effects Mechanisms of Injury Solutlon Effect Injury: a Concatenation of Events References Discussion References
Identification of eIF2Bγ and eIF2γ as cofactors of hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation using a functional genomics approach (2000)

The 5'-untranslated region of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is highly conserved, folds into a complex secondary structure, and functions as an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) to initiate translation of HCV proteins. We have developed a selection system based on a randomized hairpin ribozyme gene library to identify cellular factors involved in HCV IRES function. A retroviral vector ribozyme library with randomized target recognition sequences was introduced into HeLa cells, stably expressing a bicistronic construct encoding the hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene and the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSV-tk). Translation of the HSV-tk gene was mediated by the HCV IRES. Cells expressing ribozymes that inhibit HCV IRES-mediated translation of HSV-tk were selected via their resistance to both ganciclovir and hygromycin B. Two ribozymes reproducibly conferred the ganciclovir-resistant phenotype and were shown to inhibit IRES-mediated translation of HCV core protein but did not inhibit cap-dependent protein translation or cell growth. The functional targets of these ribozymes were identified as the gamma subunits of human eukaryotic initiation factors 2B (eIF2Bgamma) and 2 (eIF2gamma), respectively. The involvement of eIF2Bgamma and eIF2gamma in HCV IRES-mediated translation was further validated by ribozymes directed against additional sites within the mRNAs of these genes. In addition to leading to the identification of cellular IRES cofactors, ribozymes obtained from this cellular selection system could be directly used to specifically inhibit HCV viral translation, thereby facilitating the development of new antiviral strategies for HCV infection.
HIV-1 Tat neurotoxicity is prevented by matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (2001)

The release of potentially neurotoxic molecules by HIV-infected brain macrophages is accompanied by neuronal injury and death that results in the development of HIV-associated dementia (HAD). Among the potential neurotoxins implicated in the development of HAD is the HIV-1 transactivating protein, Tat. To investigate the mechanism by which Tat causes neurotoxicity, brain-derived Tat sequences from nondemented (Tat-ND) and demented (Tat-HAD) AIDS patients, which differed primarily in the augmenting region of Tat, were expressed in U937 monoblastoid cells and primary human macrophages. Cells expressing Tat-HAD protein exhibited elevated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -7 release and activation, but cells expressing Tat-ND did not exhibit enhanced MMP expression. Conditioned media from Tat-HAD-transfected cells caused significantly greater neuronal death (15.4 +/- 4.3%) than did Tat-ND (4.4 +/- 2.1%) or nontransfected (2.1 +/- 0.8%) cell-derived conditioned media. The neurotoxicity induced by Tat-HAD was inhibited by anti-MMP-2 or -7 antibodies (p < 0.005) but not by antibodies against MMP-9 or Tat. Similarly, scid/nod mice receiving striatal implants of Tat-HAD-transfected cells exhibited greater neurobehavioral abnormalities and neuronal loss (p < 0.005) than did animals receiving Tat-ND or nontransfected cells, which were reduced by treatment with the MMP inhibitor prinomastat (p < 0.005). These findings indicate that Tat causes neuronal death through an indirect mechanism that is Tat sequence dependent and involves the induction of MMPs.
Reduced Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Level in Hippocampal CA1 Participates in Propofol Induced Amnesia in Rats (2018)

Propofol inhibits long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal CA1 region and impedes episodic memory formation. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the effect of propofol are still poorly understood. It had been reported that propofol inhibited cAMP response element binding protein signaling, which was proposed to contribute to memory retention impairment in rats. Here, we first demonstrated that propofol perfusion could inhibit forskolin induced LTP in the rat hippocampal CA1 slices. Propofol also reduced the level of cAMP, which could be reversed by non-selective PDE inhibitor IBMX. We further discovered that propofol could increase both PDE4 activity and PDE4AX protein expressions in the hippocampal CA1 region. Furthermore, pretreatment of rolipram, a PDE4 inhibitor, rescued propofol induced inhibition of CA1 LTP and the impairment of hippocampus-dependent memory formation in rats. Thus, our results suggest that reduced levels of cAMP by increasing PDE4 activity and PDE4AX protein expressions in the hippocampal CA1 region plays an important role in the propofol-induced amnesia.
[Application of insertion-type separate post on ceramic restoration of molar residual root and crown with low occlusogingival distance]. (2007)

Insertion-type separate post and post-crown is a better method to restore molar residual root and crown with low occlusogingival distance and large root bifurcation angle.
High-Throughput, Site-Specific Sample Prep of Ultra-Thin TEM Lamella for Process Metrology and Failure Analysis (2012)

Abstract Semiconductor devices with critical dimensions less than 20nm are now being manufactured in volume. A challenge facing the failure analysis and process-monitoring community is two-fold. The first challenge of TEM sample prep of such small devices is that the basic need to end-point on a feature-of-interest pushes the imaging limit of the instrument being used to prepare the lamella. The second challenge posed by advanced devices is to prepare an artifact-free lamella from non-planar devices such as finFETs as well as from structures incorporating ‘non-traditional’ materials. These challenges are presently overcome in many advanced logic and memory devices in the focused ion beam-based TEM sample preparation processes by inverting the specimen prior to thinning to electron transparency. This paper reports a highthroughput method for the routine preparation of artifact-free TEM lamella of 20nm thickness, or less.
Some Effects of Size Distribution on Particle Bridging in Lost Circulation and Filtration Tests (1961)

Introduction A common cure of lost circulation is the introduction of granular bridging agents into the mud system. Many materials, such as ground nut shells, are used for this purpose. If the trouble causing void (fracture, fissure, vug, etc.) is not too large, the granular agent forms a "bridge" across or within the opening. Successively smaller particles in the mud stream then accumulate on and/or within this bridge until normal filtration is finally established. The efficiency of many bridging agents has been studied in the laboratory using various slot testers. Many investigators have remarked that a granular bridging material should have the proper particle size distribution. With the exception of the broad range specified in the patent of Goins and Nash, there is apparently no definition as to what this distribution should be. A bridge may be initiated when several particles of lost circulation material lodge against each other in a fracture or other void. Smaller particles then may bridge the openings between the larger, previously bridged particles. This process continues until the voids become quite small and the problem becomes one of filtration. It would seem logical that an optimum particle size distribution exists, i.e., one containing the proper quantity of properly sized material to fill the successively smaller voids of the bridge. The filtration characteristics of drilling fluids may be subject to a similar analysis. It has been clearly demonstrated by many workers that the filtration behavior of various muds can be altered by particle size control. Slusser, et al, divided filtration into three periods and showed that particle sizes affecting a given period did not necessarily affect other portions of the filtration curve. An analagous problem is the proper sizing of gravel, liner slots and screen sizes in various sand-exclusion problems. Here the situation is reversed in that a proper "void" size, rather than the size of the bridging agent, is sought.
A 2.4GHz mixed-signal polar power amplifier with low-power integrated filtering in 65nm CMOS (2010)

A 65nm digitally-modulated polar transmitter incorporates a fully-integrated 2.4GHz efficient switching Inverse Class D power amplifier. Low power digital filtering on the amplitude path helps remove spectral images for coexistence. The transmitter integrates the complete LO distribution network and digital drivers. Operating from a 1-V supply, the PA has 21.8dBm peak output power with 44% efficiency. Simple static predistortion helps the transmitter meet EVM and mask requirements of 802.11g 54Mbps WLAN standard with 18% average efficiency.
Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) oil storage cavern sulphur mines 2-4-5 certification tests and analysis. Part I: 1981 testing. Part II: 1982 testing (1982)

Well leak tests and a cavern pressure were conducted in June through December 1981, and are described in Part I. The tests did not indicate conclusively that there was no leakage from the cavern, but the data indicate that cavern structural failure during oil storage is unlikely. The test results indicated that retesting and well workover were desirable prior to making a decision on the cavern use. Well leak tests were conducted in March through May 1982, and are described in Part II. The tests indicated that there was no significant leakage from wells 2 and 4 but that the leakage from wells 2A and 5 exceeded the DOE criterion. Because of the proximity of cavern 2-4-5 to the edge of the salt, this cavern should be considered for only one fill/withdrawal cycle prior to extensive reevaluation. 57 figures, 17 tables.
Organophosphate Poisoning: 10 Years of Experience in Southern Taiwan (2007)

Poisoning due to organophosphate pesticides is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although standard treatments involving the administration of atropine and oximes have been used, there remain many controversial areas concerning organophosphate poisoning (OPP). Herein, we present our 10 years of experience in assessing the severity of OPP in southern Taiwan. A retrospective study was performed on patients admitted with OPP. A total of 75 patients (50 males and 25 females) were studied between January 1996 and December 2005. Diagnosis was based on a clinical assessment and serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) level at the time of hospital admission. The severity of OPP was assessed using the grading system of Bardin et al. The duration and dosage of atropine and palidroxime were recorded. All the biochemical data were analyzed. Sixty-one of the patients had attempted suicide and 14 patients had accidental exposure. The overall mortality rate was 8%. Muscarinic effects were observed in 66 (88%) of the OPP patients and the most frequent symptom was bronchial hypersecretion (52%). Among these three different severity groups, prolonged length of stay, higher infection rates, and higher mortality were found in the life-threatened group. The initial serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level was strongly correlated to the severity grading of the OPP. Nearly half of the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and, of this, 21 patients developed respiratory failure within 72 hours. Low serum AChE levels support the diagnosis of OPP, but no significant association was found between the severity of OPP and serum AChE levels. The grading system of Bardin et al is very helpful for physicians to facilitate the recognition of seriously poisoned subjects, and to permit their early admission to an ICU. Initial serum CRP, an acute phase reactant, had significant value in assessing the severity of the OPP. Although the management of acute OPP is supportive and the recovery rate is high, anti-cholinergic therapy should be used as soon as possible to counteract muscarinic effects. Physicians must be aware of the potential dangers of respiratory failure, which could occur within 72 hours of OPP.
5 Cases of Granulosa Cell Tumors of the Ovary (2004)

Sex cord stromal tumors (GCT) of the ovary compose just 5% of ovarian tumors. Most of them are granulosa cell tumors (GCT). There are two types of tumors, juvenile (JGCT) and adult type (AGCT), which have different clinical and histopathological features. JGCT represents only 5% of GCT. GCT is characterized by secretion of estrogen. Patients may present with vaginal bleeding in adult type, and sexual pseudoprecocity in juvenile type, as results of prolonged exposure to tumor-derived estrogen. Surgery is a principle of treatment and required for definite tissue diagnosis, staging, and tumor debulking. Survival of patients with GCT is generally excellent because most patients present with early stage disease. Because of the propensity of GCT to recur years after initial diagnosis, prolonged surveillance such as physical examination and serum tumor markers such as estradiol and inhibin is reasonable. We present 5 cases GCT, 4 AGCT and 1 JGCT, with brief review of literature.
Rat glucokinase gene: structure and regulation by insulin. (1989)

The glucokinase gene is 15.5-kilobases long, appears to be present as a single copy, and contains 10 exons that range in size from 96 to 977 base pairs. The transcription start site was located 127 nucleotides upstream from the translation initiation codon. The 5' flanking DNA contains several regions similar to defined promoter elements. These include a probable "TATA box," an Sp1 binding site, and several elements related to liver-specific gene expression. In addition, we determined that transcription of the glucokinase gene increased at least 20-fold when diabetic rats were treated with insulin for 2 hr.
Values in Adolescence (1973)

During adolescence the values by which the individual will live become clarified and internalised. Prior to this stage young people tend to adopt uncritically the values of the significant adults in their lives—their parents, teachers and other respected people. Though they will certainly form the base on which the adolescents will build, during this period these values are subjected to critical examination and particular aspects of them may be rejected. Those which emerge will be the adolescents’ own values and the guidelines of their future lives.
An Improved Synthesis of the Solvatochromic Dye ET-30 (1988)

An improved synthesis of the well-known dye ET-30, which is used as a standard for the characterization of solvent polarity, using easily available starting materials is described.
Iterative most-squares inversion: application to magnetotelluric data (1992)

Summary Conventional least-squares inversion of geophysical observational data yields a model that fits the data best or within a specified tolerance. Due to the nature of practical data, bounding values of the optimal model parameters are often sought and routinely calculated from the covariance matrix of the least-squares solution. Jackson (1976) proposed the most-squares method as an alternative approach to determining bounding values in linear inversion. As an extension of Jackson's method, we present a stable iterative scheme for obtaining extreme parameter sets in non-linear inversion. The scheme is hybrid and combines the useful properties of the ridge regression (Marquardt 1970) and most-squares methods to solve the non-linear inverse problem. The observational errors and the inherent non-uniqueness in the inversion process are accounted for using a class of models that is consistent with the data. The method is flexible and the use of Twomey-Tikhonov type constraints also enables us to define and seek a preferred class of smooth models, especially for cases in which the sought subsurface physical properties show gradational changes. It is applied to magnetotelluric depth sounding data to demonstrate its potential as an appraisal tool for conventional least-squares models.
Efficient Query Processing for Web Search Engine with FPGAs (2012)

Web search engines are now using tens of thousands of index servers that consume huge amount of power. In this paper, we investigate FPGAs as the implementation platform for power efficient index serving. We propose the architecture of an FPGA-based inverted index search engine, as well as implementations of essential components, including decoder, matcher and ranker. We successfully boot up the FPGA-based search engine and run experiments on real-world data from a commercial search engine. The targeted FPGA-based hardware index server could achieve up to 19.52X power efficiency and 7.17X price efficiency over an Intel Xeon server with highly optimized software. This is the first complete work using FPGAs to implement query processing for Web search engines.
Optimal Decision-Making Approach for Cyber Security Defense Using Game Theory and Intelligent Learning (2019)

Existing approaches of cyber attack-defense analysis based on stochastic game adopts the assumption of complete rationality, but in the actual cyber attack-defense, it is difficult for both sides of attacker and defender to meet the high requirement of complete rationality. For this aim, the influence of bounded rationality on attack-defense stochastic game is analyzed. We construct a stochastic game model. Aiming at the problem of state explosion when the number of network nodes increases, we design the attack-defense graph to compress the state space and extract network states and defense strategies. On this basis, the intelligent learning algorithm WoLF-PHC is introduced to carry out strategy learning and improvement. Then, the defense decision-making algorithm with online learning ability is designed, which helps to select the optimal defense strategy with the maximum payoff from the candidate strategy set. The obtained strategy is superior to previous evolutionary equilibrium strategy because it does not rely on prior data. By introducing eligibility trace to improve WoLF-PHC, the learning speed is further improved and the defense timeliness is significantly promoted.
Notes- N-Methylpyrrolidone as Solvent for Reaction of Aryl Halides with Cuprous Cyanide. (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- N-Methylpyrrolidone as Solvent for Reaction of Aryl Halides with Cuprous Cyanide.Melvin Newman and Herbert BodenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 7, 2525Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01351a093https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01351a093research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1369Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
146. The formation of trans-1 : 2-divinylcyclobutane from butadiene (1951)

H. W. B. Reed, J. Chem. Soc., 1951, 685 DOI: 10.1039/JR9510000685
Improved procedures for the determination of lipid phosphorus by malachite green. (1992)

We have developed two procedures for the measurement of lipid phosphorus based on interaction between phosphomolybdenum and malachite green. One method, the "micro" assay uses 50-200 microliters of HClO4 and has a sensitivity range of 0.01-1.5 micrograms phosphorus. The second method, the "macro" assay, has a sensitivity range of 0.03-5.0 micrograms phosphorus with 100-500 microliters HClO4. Both assays are very reproducible with day to day standard deviations of less than 6% between triplicates irrespective of the HClO4 content used. At different concentrations of HClO4, each method was successfully used to determine the phosphorus content in phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin standards that covered the proposed sensitivity ranges. The increased range, sensitivity and greater volumes of HClO4 permitted in the procedures represent significant improvements over existing methods.
[No title] (2003)

An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Digital Camera Filter Design for Colorimetric and Spectral Accuracy (2001)

A filter optimization was investigated to design a set of filters for a five channel multi-spectral camera, three of which result in high colorimetric performance when used alone, and the full set having high quality spectral performance. Each candidate filter was selected from a set of 33 glass filters with three different thicknesses where filters may be combined in optical series. The effectiveness of the filter selection is demonstrated by computer simulation taking into account the spectral sensitivity of the imaging system, and a comprehensive database of natural and man-made object spectral reflectances.
Transfer and bonding process of semiconductor coupled SAW device suited for mass-production (2002)

In this paper, we propose an improved method for fabricating semiconductor coupled SAW devices using ELO film bonding process. In order to make the devices suited for mass production in fabricating process, we try to use tape carrier suitable for releasing, transferring, aligning and bonding semiconductor film. We examined physical and chemical properties of tape sheets against device fabrication process. The experimental results indicate that the tape sheets are useful for protecting and transferring Si film. We succeed in releasing Si thin films, and which were bonded on a piezoelectric substrate.