gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flotillin-1 Regulates IgE Receptor-Mediated Signaling in Rat Basophilic Leukemia (RBL-2H3) Cells (2006)

Cross-linking of high-affinity IgE receptors by multivalent Ag on mast cells (rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3) induces the phosphorylation of ITAM motifs of an IgE receptor by Src family tyrosine kinase, Lyn. The phosphorylation of IgE receptors is followed by a series of intracellular signals, such as Ca(2+) mobilization, MAPK activation, and degranulation. Therefore, Lyn is a key molecule in the activation of mast cells, but the molecular mechanisms for the activation of Lyn are still unclear. Recently, it is suggested that the localization of Lyn in lipid rafts is critical for its activation in several cell lines, although the precise mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we found that flotillin-1, which is localized in lipid rafts, is involved in the process of Lyn activation. We obtained flotillin-1 knockdown (KD)(2) rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 cells, which express a low level of flotillin-1. In the flotillin-1 KD cells, we observed a significant decrease in Ca(2+) mobilization, the phosphorylation of ERKs, tyrosine phosphorylation of the gamma-subunit of IgE receptor, and IgE receptor-mediated degranulation. We also found that flotillin-1 is constitutively associated with Lyn in lipid rafts in RBL-2H3 cells, and Ag stimulation induced the augmentation of flotillin-1 binding to Lyn, resulting in enhancement of kinase activity of Lyn. These results suggest that flotillin-1 is an essential molecule in IgE receptor-mediated mast cell activation, and regulates the kinase activity of Lyn in lipid rafts.
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Abscess of the Brain (1935)

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The Lennie Test for Measuring Scapular Position in Healthy Young Adult Females: A Reliability and Validity Study (1996)

Normal scapular rest position is neither adequately described nor agreed upon by authorities. The purpose of this study was to devise and describe a reliable and valid test (the Lennie Test) to measure scapular position, including normal scapular rest position. Fifteen healthy females (age 19-21 years) participated in the study. Horizontal and vertical scapular position in the frontal plane was quantified by three different investigators using a scoliometer and caliper. Same-day radiographs were used to validate scapular position surface measurements. The medial borders of the scapulae were found to be parallel to the thoracic midline. The scapulae were on average 17.19 +/- 1.85 cm apart (at the level of the root of the scapulae) with the dominant arm scapula being on average 0.49 +/- 0.74 cm lower than the nondominant scapula. This difference in height between scapulae was not statistically significant (p > .01). Correlation coefficients between skin surface and radiograph measurements of scapular position ranged from .43 to .82. Intertester intraclass correlation coefficients for surface measurements of scapular position ranged from .64 to .86. The Lennie Test was found to have moderate to high intertester reliability and to provide an accurate measurement of the anatomical location of the scapulae based on X-ray verification. Surface landmark measurements for scapular position were on average within 0.56 cm and within 1.7 degrees of the measurements made from X-rays for linear and angular position, respectively. We propose the use of the Lennie Test in populations, healthy or otherwise, where scapular position needs to be objectively measured.
MORE: A Model-Driven Operation Service for Cloud-Based IT Systems (2016)

The operation of a cloud-based IT system (system for short) is time-consuming and error-prone due to the system scale, heterogeneity and configuration dependency. Although administrators can manage their systems with various configuration management tools, a plenty of knowledge spanning various domains is necessary. To alleviate this situation, we present a model-driven service MORE (Model-driven Operation seRvicE) to automate the initial deployment and the dynamic configuration of a system. Firstly, a model is proposed to specify the high-level view of a system in the form of a desired deployment topology. Then the topology model is transformed into executable code automatically, bridging the gap between high-level abstractions and low-level details. With those executable code as input, a runtime framework is designed based on a transaction-based self-configuration protocol to achieve automation and configuration consistency. Finally, we evaluate the service abilities (including modeling system topology, automating system provisioning, performing runtime reconfiguration) with a case study.
Properties of silicon oxynitride coated fatigue-resistant fibers (1982)

Optical fibers coated with a thin silicon oxynitride film have shown a dramatic reduction in static fatigue susceptibility compared with fibers lacking such a coating.1,2 However, their fast fracture strength is ≤3.1 GPa rather than the 5.0 GPa typical of conventional fibers. This strength reduction could become a problem if required proof test levels exceed 2.0 GPa. Possible causes for this reduced strength include abrasion of the underlying fiber by the film during deposition or a stress concentration at the surface of the fiber due to rupture of the film under stress. Film rupture is expected If the total tensile stress In the film, including Internal stresses, exceeded its (unknown) tensile strength.
Inhibition of Polyphenol Oxidases Activity by Various Dipeptides (2004)

In an effort to develop natural and nontoxic inhibitors on the activity of mushroom polyphenol oxidase (PPO) the effect of various glycyl-dipeptides (GlyAsp, GlyGly, GlyHis, GlyLeu, GlyLys, GlyPhe, GlyPro, GlyTyr) was investigated. The inhibition study with dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) as substrate is based on separation of the enzymatic reaction components by reversed phase HPLC and the UV detection of the dopachrome formed. The results have evidenced that several of tested dipeptides inhibited PPO activity in the range of 20-40% while GlyPro and GlyLeu had no effect. The study has also permitted the characterization of the following kinetic pattern: a linear-mixed-type mechanism for GlyAsp, GlyGly, GlyLys, and GlyPhe and a hyperbolic-mixed-type for GlyTyr. It was not possible to identify the inhibition mechanism for GlyHis, although it affects PPO activity. In addition the effects of GlyAsp, GlyLys and GlyHis were evaluated for lessening the browning of fresh Golden Delicious apple and Irish White Skinned potato. The effectiveness of such inhibitors was determined by the difference between the colors observed in the dipeptide-treated sample and the controls using the color space CIE-Lab system. The % browning inhibition on potato (20-50%) was greater than of apple (20-30%) by the all tested dipeptides. Only GlyLys presented the significant value of 50%.
A Quantum-Mechanical Theory of Light Absorption of Organic Dyes and Similar Compounds (1949)

The most important organic compounds which absorb visible light can be classified into three groups typified: (a) by symmetrical polymethines, (b) by porphyrines, (c) by polyenes. Recently it was shown that the position of the absorption maxima of symmetrical polymethines and related compounds (symmetrical cyanine and oxanole dyes; Michler's hydrol blue and derivatives; malachite green and other triphenyl methane dyes; etc.) can be calculated by adopting a model of the dye molecule which is analogous to the free-electron gas model used in particular by Sommerfeld to describe the condition of metals. The π-electrons of the polymethine chain are considered as a one-dimensional free-electron gas which extends itself along the length of the chain. In the normal state the stablest energy states of the electron gas each contain two electrons in accordance with Pauli's exclusion principle. The remaining states are empty. The existence of the first absorption band is a consequence of the jump of a π-electron from the highest energy level occupied in the normal state to the lowest empty level. For the wave-length of the maximum of the first absorption band of this group of dyes, the relationship obtains that λ1=(8mc/h)(L2/[N+1]),where L is the length of the polymethine zig-zag chain, N, the number of π-electrons, m, the mass of the electron, c, the velocity of light, h, Planck's universal constant. Good agreement with experimental results for λ1 is obtained by the use of this equation. The problem of porphyrine and phthalocyanine compounds can also be dealt with on the basis of a free-electron gas model. We treat the π-electrons of the porphyrine ring as electrons which are confined to move in a closed ring-shaped path in a field of constant potential energy. In the case of polyenes and related compounds (Carotenes, unsymmetrical cyanines and oxanoles, merocyanines, azo- and stilbene dyes, etc.) a description by means of a free-electron gas model is no longer permissible. The electron gas in this case suffers a disturbance from its condition in the case of the first and second groups of dyes, and, to allow for this, the π-electrons are considered placed in a one-dimensional potential having a sine curve periodicity. The wave-length λ1 is expressed by λ1=[V0hc(1−1N)+h8mcN+1L2]−1,where V0 is the amplitude of the sine-shaped potential along the chain. This relation is confirmed by the experimental data. It also gives an explanation for the markedly different manner (compared with the symmetrical polymethines) in which the position of the absorption bands of polyenes and related compounds depends on the chain length. The results of the classical color theory of Witt are capable of a simple explanation when considered in the light of the electron gas model.
Painful Neuropathy and Foot Ulceration in Diabetic Patients (1993)

We conclude that painful symptoms are frequent in diabetic neuropathy, irrespective of the presence or absence of foot ulceration and that these symptoms can occur at any stage of the disease. These results suggest that there is a spectrum of neuropathic syndromes from the painful to the patients with foot ulceration, and that much overlap exists.
N-Alkylations and O-Alkylations of Nitro-Substituted 1,3-Diphenylureas: Preparations of Propellant Stabilizer Derivatives (1988)

A procedure has been developed for the N- ethylation and methylation of 1,3-diphenylureas, ArNRCONHAr′ (R = H, Me or Et), through treatment with sodium hydride and iodoalkane in dimethylformamide. The reaction was general, provided that the aniline to be alkylated was substituted with no more than one nitro group. ArRNCONR′Ar′ derivatives prepared were: R = R′ = Et (and Me); Ar = phenyl, Ar′ = 2-nitrophenyl and 4- nitrophenyl ; Ar = 2-nitrophenyl, Ar′ = 2-nitrophenyl and 4-nitrophenyl; Ar = Ar′ = 4-nitrophenyl. Two mixed derivatives were also prepared: R = Et, R′ = Me, Ar = phenyl, Ar′ = 2-nitrophenyl and 4-nitrophenyl. O-Alkylated isourea products were obtained in the reactions of 1-(2,4- dinitrophenyl )-3-(2-nitrophenyl)urea and 1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-3-(4- nitrophenyl )urea. The use of potassium carbonate as the base led to apparently exclusive O- alkylation of 1,3-bis(2-nitrophenyl)urea although the reaction was not general. 1-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)-1,3- diethyl-3-phenylurea was prepared by using silver oxide and obtained as a mixture with the isourea . Many of the compounds prepared are important nitro derivatives of the propellant stabilizers, ethyl and methyl centralite.
Frame rate up-conversion using perspective transform (2006)

In this paper, we propose a frame rate up-conversion (FRUC) algorithm to increase the temporal resolution of video sequences at the decoder side. First, the proposed algorithm segments a frame into several objects. Then, perspective transforms are used to motion-compensate each object, while the translational block matching algorithm (BMA) is applied to the background. Furthermore, the overlapped block motion compensation (OBMC) technique is used to reduce blocking artifacts in boundary blocks. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides better performance than the conventional approach.
Total syntheses of the amaryllidaceae alkaloids (.+-.)-hemanthidine and (.+-.)-pretazettine (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal syntheses of the amaryllidaceae alkaloids (.+-.)-hemanthidine and (.+-.)-pretazettineStephen F. Martin, Steven K. Davidsen, and Thomas A. PucketteCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 10, 1962–1972Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00386a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views655Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abstract 372: Role of Redox-Sensitive Calcium Channel TRPM2 and Oxidative Stress in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation to an Osteogenic Phenotype: Implications in Hypertension. (2012)

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) transformation to an osteoblast-like phenotype is a major factor contributing to vascular calcification, often associated with chronic kidney disease and hypertension. Exact molecular mechanisms underlying VSMC transformation remain unclear but intracellular calcium and ROS have been implicated. Whether these factors are interlinked is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ROS and redox-sensitive calcium channels (TRPM2) induce an osteogenic phenotype transition in VSMCs from WKY and SHRSP rats. Cultured VSMCs from WKY and SHRSP rats were exposed to calcification medium (CaM) (Ca2+ 1.8 mmol/L, PO4 2.0 mmol/L) for 10 days in the presence/absence of tempol (superoxide dismutase mimetic), and N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (ACA, TRPM2 inhibitor). Osteocalcin (OC), BMP-2, BMP-7, TRPM2 and TRPM2-S expression, as well as p47 phox translocation (cytosol:membrane), were determined by immunoblotting. ROS generation was evaluated by chemioluminescence. ROS production (Ctl: 30 AU/ug protein; CaM: 60 AU/ug protein, p<0.05) and p47 translocation (Ctl: 0.7 AU; CaM: 1.1AU, p<0.05) were increased by the CaM in VSMCs from WKY. CaM-induced increase in OC (Ctl: 5 AU; CaM: 13 AU) and BMP-2 (Ctl: 0.60 AU; CaM: 0.75AU) (p<0.05), followed by a decrease in BMP-7 (Ctl: 1.12 AU; CaM: 0.7 AU) (p<0.05), expression in VSMCs from WKY; an effect that was inhibited by tempol and ACA. In SHRSP, the increase in OC (Ctl: 1.25 AU; CaM: 2 AU) and BMP-2 (Ctl: 0.6 AU; CaM: 0.85 AU, p<0.05) expression induced by the CaM was also blocked by tempol. TRPM2 expression was higher in SHRSP (1.40 AU) than in WKY (1.05 AU) VSMCs (p<0.05). However, TRPM2-S expression, an intracellular inhibitor of TRPM2, was decreased in SHRSP compared to WKY VSMCs (SHRSP: 0.9 AU; WKY: 1.5 AU; p<0.05), and it was further decreased by the CaM (0.6 AU). In conclusion, ROS, through TRPM-2 sensitive mechanisms, seems to play an important role in VSMC transformation to an osteogenic, a phenomenon that may be exacerbated in hypertension.
Simple pyrimidines. XVI. A synthetic route to some 2-(Pyrimidin-2'-yl)acetic acids and esters (1977)

A general route to the hitherto inaccessible 2-(pyrimidin-2?-yl)acetic acid (3a), its 4?-substituted derivatives, and their esters is described. For example, amidinoacetamide (1; R1 = R2 = NH2) and ethyl benzoylacetate (2; R = Ph) give 2-(4?-hydroxy-6?-phenylpyrimidin-2?- yl)acetamide (3m) which with phosphoryl chloride gives 2-(4?-chloro-6?- phenylpyrimidin-2?-yl)acetonitrile (3n). The nitrile is converted into the corresponding imidic ester (3o) and thence into the carboxylic ester (3p) which undergoes dehalogenation to methyl 2-(4?- phenylpyrimidin-2?-yl)acetate (3q) and subsequent hydrolysis to 2-(4?- phenylpyrimidinyl)acetic acid (3r).
Designing high-performance jobs. (2005)

Tales of great strategies derailed by poor execution are all too common. That's because some organizations are designed to fail. For a company to achieve its potential, each employee's supply of organizational resources should equal the demand, and the same balance must apply to every business unit and to the company as a whole. To carry out his or her job, each employee has to know the answers to four basic questions: What resources do I control to accomplish my tasks? What measures will be used to evaluate my performance? Who do I need to interact with and influence to achieve my goals? And how much support can I expect when I reach out to others for help? The questions correspond to what the author calls the four basic spans of a job-control, accountability, influence, and support. Each span can be adjusted so that it is narrow or wide or somewhere in between. If you get the settings right, you can design a job in which a talented individual can successfully execute on your company's strategy. If you get the settings wrong, it will be difficult for an employee to be effective. The first step is to set the span of control to reflect the resources allocated to each position and unit that plays an important role in delivering customer value. This setting, like the others, is determined by how the business creates value for customers and differentiates its products and services. Next, you can dial in different levels of entrepreneurial behavior and creative tension by widening or narrowing spans of accountability and influence. Finally, you must adjust the span of support to ensure that the job or unit will get the informal help it needs.
Sensitive and powerful single-cell RNA sequencing using mcSCRB-seq (2018)

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a central genome-wide method to characterize cellular identities and processes. Consequently, improving its sensitivity, flexibility, and cost-efficiency can advance many research questions. Among the flexible plate-based methods, single-cell RNA barcoding and sequencing (SCRB-seq) is highly sensitive and efficient. Here, we systematically evaluate experimental conditions of this protocol and find that adding polyethylene glycol considerably increases sensitivity by enhancing cDNA synthesis. Furthermore, using Terra polymerase increases efficiency due to a more even cDNA amplification that requires less sequencing of libraries. We combined these and other improvements to develop a scRNA-seq library protocol we call molecular crowding SCRB-seq (mcSCRB-seq), which we show to be one of the most sensitive, efficient, and flexible scRNA-seq methods to date.
Front-end Of A Digital Atv Receiver (1998)

This paper describes the front-end of a digital ATV receiver. The prototype of the board, which contains a tuner, a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filter, a downconverter, a Vestigal Sideband (VSB) demodulator, an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), and an on-board microprocessor was developed, built and troubleshot. The design is highly integrated and manufactured on a single printed circuit board.
Selective-Area High-Quality Germanium Growth for Monolithic Integrated Optoelectronics (2012)

Selective-area germanium (Ge) layer on silicon (Si) is desired to realize the advanced Ge devices integrated with Si very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) components. We demonstrate the area-dependent high-quality Ge growth on Si substrate through SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> windows. The combination of area-dependent growth and multistep deposition/hydrogen annealing cycles has effectively reduced the surface roughness and the threading dislocation density. Low root-mean-square surface roughness of 0.6 nm is confirmed by atomic-force-microscope analysis. Low defect density in the area-dependent grown Ge layer is measured to be as low as 1 ×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> by plan-view transmission-electron-miscroscope analysis. In addition, the excellent metal-semiconductor-metal photodiode characteristics are shown on the grown Ge layer to open up a possibility to merge Ge optoelectronics with Si VLSI.
Genotoxic activity of plant growth-regulating hormones in <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> (1983)

Three plant growth-regulating hormones, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and kinetin (6-furfuryl-aminopurine), were tested for their genetic activity in Aspergillus nidulans in a plate test. The first two hormones were found to greatly increase somatic segregation in the fungus whereas kinetin was not effective. Several concentrations of the plant hormones were used and it was found that increasing concentrations of IAA and IBA increased mitotic segregation of the fungus with most of the segregants being produced by mitotic crossing-over, together with non-disjunctional segregants at a lower level. The metabolic activation technique was also used and it was shown that when S9 mixture was added to IAA and IBA a further 3- to 5-fold increase in the number of segregants was obtained. In the case of kinetin the S9 had no effect.
The vector field histogram-fast obstacle avoidance for mobile robots (1991)

A real-time obstacle avoidance method for mobile robots which has been developed and implemented is described. This method, named the vector field histogram (VFH), permits the detection of unknown obstacles and avoids collisions while simultaneously steering the mobile robot toward the target. The VFH method uses a two-dimensional Cartesian histogram grid as a world model. This world model is updated continuously with range data sampled by onboard range sensors. The VFH method subsequently uses a two-stage data-reduction process to compute the desired control commands for the vehicle. Experimental results from a mobile robot traversing densely cluttered obstacle courses in smooth and continuous motion and at an average speed of 0.6-0.7 m/s are shown. A comparison of the VFN method to earlier methods is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Color Imagery by Wavefront Reconstruction* (1965)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. Mandel, "Color Imagery by Wavefront Reconstruction*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55, 1697_1-1698 (1965) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article