gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DIVISION FUEL CYCLE TECHNOLOGY QUARTERLY REPORT, JANUARY--MARCH 1971. (1971)

Page 1-1.Head-end Molten Metal-Salt Process Employing a High-Zinc Reduction Alloy 16 1-2.Head-end Molten Metal-Salt Process Employing a Low-Zinc Reduction Alloy 17 1-3.Contents of Crucible after Run SSMD-7 23 1-4.Contents of Crucible 'after Run SSMD-8 23 1-5.Contents of Crucible after Run SSMD-17 23 II-l.Scan of a Diameter of a 0.25-in.-diaU0 2 -PuO" Pellet with an Electron Microprobe 27 II-2.Electron Microprobe Scan of a 0.25-in.-diaUO 2 ~20% Pu0 2 Pellet 29 II-3.Effect of Nitric Acid Concentration on the Crystallization Temperature of Plutonium Nitrate-Uranium Nitrate-Nitric Acid Solutions 32 II-4.Effect of Increasing Plutonium Content upon the Crystallization Temperatures for Uranium-Plutonium Solutions 33 II-5.Crystallization Temperatures of Uranyl Nitrate-Plutonium Nitrate-Nitric Acid Solutions.Effect of Plutonium Cone. at 1.6M Uranyl Nitrate-2M Nitric Acid 34 IV-1.Centrifugal Contactor Assembly 44 IV-2.Rotor and Removable Mixing Paddle 45 V-l.Current-Voltage Curves for Plutonium Ions in 1M HCIO^ . .50 V-2.Conceptual Scheme for Electrolytic Plutonium Valence Adjustment with Centrifugal Contactors 54 V-3.Schematic Drawing of Reduction Cell 61 V-4.Data for Heating and Cooling Air Flowing Normal to Single Cylinders, Corrected for Radiation to Surroundings ... 67 LIST OF TABLES No. • Title Page 1-1.UO_ Reduction Runs 18 1-2.Solubility of Uranium in Zn-Mg-Ca at 800°C 21 II-l.Crystallization Temperatures in the Uranyl Nitrate-Plutonium Nitrate-Nitric Acid System 31 III-l.X-Ray Critical-Absorption and Emission Energies in keV .37 IV-1.
High stability of dilute human α-thrombin in salt solutions (1994)

1The New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, Empire State Plaza, PO Box 509, Albany, NY 12201, USA 2The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Albany Medical College of Union University, Albany, NY 12208, USA 3The Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824–1317, USA
Discrimination between prion‐infected and normal blood samples by protein misfolding cyclic amplification (2010)

sPMCA performed on small volumes of whole blood gave amplification of PK-resistant material to a level detectable by standard methods. Discrimination between infected and control samples was achieved without the need for processing or fractionation of whole blood. The use of whole blood as an analyte circumvents the need to identify the optimal blood compartment for analysis and guarantees the totality of misfolded PrP will be available for detection.
High temperature operation of InGaAs strained quantum well lasers (1990)

Strained quantum well (SQW) laser structures have been investigated for military avionics applications requiring high-temperature performance.
A collaborative approach for semantic time-based video annotation using gamification (2017)

Abstract Efficient access to large scale video assets, may it be our life memories in our hard drive or a broadcaster archive which the company is eager to sell, requires content to be conveniently annotated. Manually annotating video content is, however, an intellectually expensive and time-consuming process. In this paper we argue that crowdsourcing, an approach that relies on a remote task force to perform activities that are costly or time-consuming using traditional methods, is a suitable alternative and we describe a solution based on gamification mechanisms for collaboratively collecting timed metadata. Tags introduced by registered players are validated based on a collaborative scoring mechanism that excludes erratic annotations. Voting mechanisms, enabling users to approve or refuse existing tags, provide an extra guarantee on the quality of the annotations. The sense of community is also created as users may watch the crowd’s favourite moments of the video provided by a summarization functionality. The system was tested with a pool of volunteers in order to evaluate the quality of the contributions. The results suggest that crowdsourced annotation can describe objects, persons, places, etc. correctly, as well as be very accurate in time.
Towards building high performance medical image management system for clinical trials (2011)

Medical image based biomarkers are being established for therapeutic cancer clinical trials, where image assessment is among the essential tasks. Large scale image assessment is often performed by a large group of experts by retrieving images from a centralized image repository to workstations to markup and annotate images. In such environment, it is critical to provide a high performance image management system that supports efficient concurrent image retrievals in a distributed environment. There are several major challenges: high throughput of large scale image data over the Internet from the server for multiple concurrent client users, efficient communication protocols for transporting data, and effective management of versioning of data for audit trails. We study the major bottlenecks for such a system, propose and evaluate a solution by using a hybrid image storage with solid state drives and hard disk drives, RESTful Web Services based protocols for exchanging image data, and a database based versioning scheme for efficient archive of image revision history. Our experiments show promising results of our methods, and our work provides a guideline for building enterprise level high performance medical image management systems.
Independent association of extent of resection with survival in patients with malignant brain astrocytoma (2008)

In the authors' experience with both primary and secondary resection of malignant brain astrocytomas, increasing extent of resection was associated with improved survival independent of age, degree of disability, WHO grade, or subsequent treatment modalities used. The maximum extent of resection should be safely attempted while minimizing the risk of surgically induced neurological injury.
Considerations for the Design of useful Synthetic Oxygen Carriers (1982)

In order for dioxygen (molecular triplet oxygen) to be utilized in bio­ logical or industrial processes it must be removed from either air or water and transported to the site of reaction. In biological systems dioxygen absorption and transport are accomplished with iron(II) porphyrins and other iron(II) or copper(I) containing proteins (2, 16, 20). These proteins accomplish efficient transport by binding dioxygen reversibly, rapidly, and with high affinity. Affinities of heme proteins range from zero for
Robust and efficient quantization of speech LSP parameters using structured vector quantizers (1991)

Three robust algorithms based on the recently proposed concept of structured vector quantization have been developed for quantization of speech LSP (line spectrum pair) parameters. The first algorithm exploits interframe correlation of the LSP parameters and requires 24 bits per LSP vector to achieve 1 dB average spectral distortion. The second and third algorithms quantize each LSP vector independently and for 1 dB distortion require 29 and 25 bits per vector, respectively. The last two algorithms result in a considerably smaller fraction of frames with distortions greater than 2 dB as compared to other schemes proposed so far.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Peptides: From Structure to Function (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison Study of Intraoperative Surface Acquisition Methods for Surgical Navigation (2012)

Soft-tissue image-guided interventions often require the digitization of organ surfaces for providing correspondence from medical images to the physical patient in the operating room. In this paper, the effect of several inexpensive surface acquisition techniques on target registration error and surface registration error (SRE) for soft tissue is investigated. A systematic approach is provided to compare image-to-physical registrations using three different methods of organ spatial digitization: 1) a tracked laser-range scanner (LRS), 2) a tracked pointer, and 3) a tracked conoscopic holography sensor (called a conoprobe). For each digitization method, surfaces of phantoms and biological tissues were acquired and registered to CT image volume counterparts. A comparison among these alignments demonstrated that registration errors were statistically smaller with the conoprobe than the tracked pointer and LRS (p<0.01). In all acquisitions, the conoprobe outperformed the LRS and tracked pointer: for example, the arithmetic means of the SRE over all data acquisitions with a porcine liver were 1.73 ± 0.77 mm, 3.25 ± 0.78 mm, and 4.44 ± 1.19 mm for the conoprobe, LRS, and tracked pointer, respectively. In a cadaveric kidney specimen, the arithmetic means of the SRE over all trials of the conoprobe and tracked pointer were 1.50 ± 0.50 mm and 3.51 ± 0.82 mm, respectively. Our results suggest that tissue displacements due to contact force and attempts to maintain contact with tissue, compromise registrations that are dependent on data acquired from a tracked surgical instrument and we provide an alternative method (tracked conoscopic holography) of digitizing surfaces for clinical usage. The tracked conoscopic holography device outperforms LRS acquisitions with respect to registration accuracy.
Reaction of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-ones with acid anhydride. II. (1981)

The reaction of 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinazoline-2-spirocyclohexan-4-one (1b) with acetic anhydride and pyridine gave 1-(1-cyclohexenyl)-2-methyl-1, 4-dihydroquinazolin-4-one (3b). Compound 3b gave 3-acetyl-1-(1-cyclohexenyl)-2-methyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one (8b) upon reduction with NaBH4 followed by acetylation with acetic anhydride. The position of the acetyl group of 8b was determined by comparison of its NMR spectrum with those of related compounds (9, 10, 11, 12, and 13).
THE RENAL CLEARANCES OF SUBSTITUTED HIPPURIC ACID DERIVATIVES AND OTHER AROMATIC ACIDS IN DOG AND MAN 1 (1945)

6 4 0.1 to 0.3 5 xlo 0.3 to 1.97 8 4 0.13 to 0.26 63 0 to 0.31 m-Aminohippuric acid 5 2 0 to 0.06 2 ' 0 to 0.02 4 2 0 2 3 0 to 0.01 p-Amitohippuric acid 11i6 0 6 6 O to 0.18 9 c O to 0.10 8 6 O to 0.4 p-Aminohippuric acid 5 2 0 5 2 0 2 3 0 p-Acetylaminohippuric acid 28 0.08toO.11 36 0 16 0 p-Acetylaminohippuric acid 2 2 0 1 ' 0 p-Aminomandelic acid 4 2 0 to 0.08 4 2 0 to 0.05 1 3 0.17 p-Aminophenylsuccinic acid 12 0.02 1 0.02 p-Aminophenaceturic acid 3 2 O to 0.01 Diodrast 9 2 0 1 ' 0.24 3 ' 0.24 to 0.35 p-Aminobenzoic acid 2 2 0
Distribution of Neurofilament Antigens after Axonal Injury (1987)

Phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated epitopes of neurofilament (NF) proteins are distributed in different regions of individual neurons. Immunocytochemical methods, with monoclonal antibodies directed against phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated NF, demonstrated nonphosphorylated NF in perikarya and proximal axonal segments of neurons in dorsal root ganglia, while phosphorylated NF proteins were present in axons of these cells. The distribution of these epitopes of NF were examined at various times following injury of axons in the rat sciatic nerve. Between one and 21 days after crush of the proximal nerve, phosphorylated NF were present in neuronal perikarya. We have compared patterns of perikaryal immunoreactivity at one time point (three weeks) following a more distal crush or complete transection of the sciatic nerve. At this time period, following transection/ligation, phosphorylated NF immunoreactivity was not present in perikarya, but abnormal staining was observed after nerve crush. These altered distributions of phosphorylated epitopes of NF are of interest because several recent reports have indicated that similar, but not identical, abnormal staining patterns occur in human neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In accord with previous studies, this investigation indicates that one response of neurons to injury, or to disease, is an abnormal distribution of phosphorylated epitopes of NF proteins.
Improvement of the Kleihauer‐Betke test by automated detection of fetal erythrocytes in maternal blood (2003)

Automated readout of the KBT improved accuracy of fetal cell detection in the range from 0.0001% to 1% fetomaternal hemorrhage, particularly when larger numbers of cells were analyzed.
Evaluation of UltraSTAR: performance of a collaborative structured data entry system. (1994)

The UltraSTAR structured data entry system is now in routine use for reporting ultrasound studies at Brigham and Women's Hospital, having been used for 3722 reports in its first ten months of service. Reports entered through GUI-based forms are uploaded via HL7 to a radiology information system and distributed through a hospital network. UltraSTAR introduces collaborative reporting, in which nonmedical and medical staff collaborate to produce a single report for each patient visit. Performance of UltraSTAR was measured as user satisfaction, data entry time, report completeness, free text annotation rate, and referring-physician satisfaction with reports. Results show high satisfaction with UltraSTAR among radiologists and acceptance of the system among ultrasound technicians. Data entry times averaged 5.3 minutes per report. UltraSTAR reports were slightly more complete than comparable narrative reports. Free text annotations were needed in only 25.2% of all UltraSTAR reports. Referring physicians were neutral to slightly positive toward UltraSTAR's outline-format reports. UltraSTAR is successful at structured data entry despite somewhat long reporting times. Its success can be attributed to efficiencies from collaborative reporting and from integration with existing information systems. UltraSTAR shows that the advantages of structured data entry can outweigh its difficulties even before problems of data entry time and concept representation are solved.
La reconstruction des villages alsaciens après la IIe Guerre mondiale (2012)

L’Alsace, zone de frontière, de passages et de conflits armés, a été de tous temps soumise à des destructions massives suivies de périodes de reconstruction. Durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale les dégâts, bien que localisés, furent très importants au nord-est de la région, le long du Rhin et dans le Vignoble, autour de Colmar. Après la guerre, il fut décidé que la reconstruction des maisons rurales, issues de la tradition vernaculaire, serait confiée à des architectes ayant reçu une formation académique sanctionnée par un diplôme d’État et travaillant selon les principes et les méthodes de l’architecture savante. Cette intervention des hommes de l’art dans une architecture sans architecte a abouti à des réalisations contrastées : néo-régionalistes pour les maisons individuelles et très contemporaines pour les bâtiments publics. Malgré les contraintes administratives et financières imposées et la référence à des modèles, on observe une grande diversité des réalisations due à l’individualisation des projets. Néanmoins, au point de vue des matériaux, la caractéristique essentielle des maisons rurales alsaciennes, le pan de bois, a quasi complètement disparu à cette occasion.
Active DNA Demethylation Mediated by DNA Glycosylases (2009)

Active DNA demethylation is involved in many vital developmental and physiological processes of plants and animals. Recent genetic and biochemical studies in Arabidopsis have demonstrated that a subfamily of DNA glycosylases function to promote DNA demethylation through a base excision-repair pathway. These specialized bifunctional DNA glycosylases remove the 5-methylcytosine base and then cleave the DNA backbone at the abasic site, resulting in a gap that is then filled with an unmethylated cytosine nucleotide by as yet unknown DNA polymerase and ligase enzymes. Evidence suggests that active DNA demethylation in mammalian cells is also mediated at least in part by a base excision repair pathway where the AID/Apobec family of deaminases convert 5-methylcytosine to thymine followed by G/T mismatch repair by the DNA glycosylase MBD4 or TDG. This review also discusses other possible mechanisms of active DNA demethylation, how genome DNA methylation status might be sensed to regulate the expression of demethylase genes, and the targeting of demethylases by small RNAs.
Harnessing [1,4], [1,5], and [1,6] Anionic Fries‐type Rearrangements by Reaction‐Time Control in Flow (2017)

A series of anionic Fries-type rearrangements of carbamoyl-substituted aryllithium intermediates were controlled by using flow microreactor systems. For the [1,4] and [1,5] rearrangements, the aryllithium intermediate formed before carbamoyl migration and the lithium alkoxide formed after carbamoyl migration can be selectively subjected to subsequent reactions with electrophiles by precisely controlling the residence time and temperature (-25 to -50 °C). In contrast, the [1,6] rearrangement is rather slow even at -25 °C. The absence of crossover products indicates the intramolecular nature of the carbamoyl group migration.
Position-free monte carlo simulation for arbitrary layered BSDFs (2018)

Real-world materials are often layered: metallic paints, biological tissues, and many more. Variation in the interface and volumetric scattering properties of the layers leads to a rich diversity of material appearances from anisotropic highlights to complex textures and relief patterns. However, simulating light-layer interactions is a challenging problem. Past analytical or numerical solutions either introduce several approximations and limitations, or rely on expensive operations on discretized BSDFs, preventing the ability to freely vary the layer properties spatially. We introduce a new unbiased layered BSDF model based on Monte Carlo simulation, whose only assumption is the layer assumption itself. Our novel position-free path formulation is fundamentally more powerful at constructing light transport paths than generic light transport algorithms applied to the special case of flat layers, since it is based on a product of solid angle instead of area measures, so does not contain the high-variance geometry terms needed in the standard formulation. We introduce two techniques for sampling the position-free path integral, a forward path tracer with next-event estimation and a full bidirectional estimator. We show a number of examples, featuring multiple layers with surface and volumetric scattering, surface and phase function anisotropy, and spatial variation in all parameters.
Chemistry of Cracking Catalysts (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of Cracking CatalystsCharles L. ThomasCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1949, 41, 11, 2564–2573Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50479a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50479a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1173Altmetric-Citations227LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Activation of p38 MAP kinase in the rat dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord following peripheral inflammation and nerve injury (2002)

The intrathecal administration of p38 MAP kinase (p38) inhibitor has been shown to reduce hyperalgesia. In the present study, we investigated the activation of p38 in the rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord following peripheral tissue inflammation and nerve injury immunohistochemically. Peripheral inflammation and chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve induced a significant increase in the percentage of phosphorylated (P-) p38-immunoreactive (IR) neurons, primarily small sized ones in bilateral DRGs. In contrast, following axotomy, a significant decrease in the percentage of IR neurons was observed in ipsilateral DRGs. In addition, a marked increase was observed in the number of P-p38-IR microglia in the ipsilateral laminae I-IV and IX of the spinal cord following peripheral inflammation, CCI or axotomy. These findings suggest that p38 may play an important role in hyperalgesia and the activation of the spinal microglia.
Enzyme-Immobilized Microfluidic Process Reactors (2011)

Microreaction technology, which is an interdisciplinary science and engineering area, has been the focus of different fields of research in the past few years. Several microreactors have been developed. Enzymes are a type of catalyst, which are useful in the production of substance in an environmentally friendly way, and they also have high potential for analytical applications. However, not many enzymatic processes have been commercialized, because of problems in stability of the enzymes, cost, and efficiency of the reactions. Thus, there have been demands for innovation in process engineering, particularly for enzymatic reactions, and microreaction devices represent important tools for the development of enzyme processes. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of microchannel reaction technologies especially for enzyme immobilized microreactors. We discuss the manufacturing process of microreaction devices and the advantages of microreactors compared to conventional reaction devices. Fundamental techniques for enzyme immobilized microreactors and important applications of this multidisciplinary technology are also included in our topics.
A systolic Reed-Solomon encoder (1991)

An architecture for a Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder is presented, consisting of r+1 systolic cells, where r is the redundancy of the code. The systolic encoder is systematic, does not contain any feedback or other global signals, its systolic cells are of low complexity, and it is easily reconfigurable for variable redundancy and changes in the choice of generator polynomial of the code. The encoding algorithm is based on the Cauchy representation of the generator matrix of the code. This architecture is suitable for very high-speed applications where global signals (such as the feedback line present in the traditional RS encoder design) and the need for global synchronization may pose restrictions on the achievable switching speed of the encoder.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>