gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Down-regulation of Micro-RNA-1 (miR-1) in Lung Cancer: Suppression of Tumorigenic Property of Lung Cancer Cells and Their Sensitization to Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis by miR-1 (2008)

Micro-RNAs are approximately 21-25-nucleotide-long noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression primarily at the post-transcriptional level in animals. Here, we report that micro-RNA-1 (miR-1), abundant in the cardiac and smooth muscles, is expressed in the lung and is down-regulated in human primary lung cancer tissues and cell lines. In situ hybridization demonstrated localization of miR-1 in bronchial epithelial cells. The tumor suppressor C/EBPalpha, frequently suppressed in lung cancer, reactivated miR-1 expression in the lung cancer cells. Repressed miR-1 was also activated in lung cancer cells upon treatment with a histone deacetylase inhibitor. These observations led us to examine the antitumorigenic potential of miR-1 in lung cancer cells. Expression of miR-1 in nonexpressing A549 and H1299 cells reversed their tumorigenic properties, such as growth, replication potential, motility/migration, clonogenic survival, and tumor formation in nude mice. Exogenous miR-1 significantly reduced expression of oncogenic targets, such as MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase, and Pim-1, a Ser/Thr kinase, frequently up-regulated in lung cancer. Similarly, the levels of two additional targets, FoxP1, a transcription factor with oncogeneic property, and HDAC4 that represses differentiation-promoting genes, were reduced in miR-1-expressing cells. Conversely, depletion of miR-1 facilitated N417 cell growth with concomitant elevation of these targets. Further, ectopic miR-1 induced apoptosis in A549 cells in response to the potent anticancer drug doxorubicin. Enhanced activation of caspases 3 and 7, cleavage of their substrate PARP-1, and depletion of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 contributed to the sensitivity of miR-1-expressing cells to doxorubicin. Thus, miR-1 has potential therapeutic application against lung cancers.
Retinoic acid differentially affects platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor-regulated cell growth of mouse osteoblast-like cells. (1994)

Retinoic acid (RA) plays an important role in the control of cell growth and differentiation. To elucidate the effects of RA for osteoblasts, we examined here the responsiveness of normal osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells treated with RA for two growth factors, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). The transcripts of alpha- and gamma-RA receptors were constitutively expressed in MC3T3-E1 cells, and the expression of the beta-RA receptor mRNA was induced by RA. The PDGF-induced mitogenicity of MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly enhanced by 1 microM RA pretreatment, whereas the EGF-induced mitogenicity was suppressed by the same treatment. The expression of both alpha- and beta-PDGF receptor gene products detected by RNA blot and immunoblot analyses was significantly increased by RA. The increased expression of PDGF receptors was accompanied by the augmentation of PDGF-induced receptor autophosphorylation following the enhancement of inositol phosphate hydrolysis. In contrast, EGF-induced receptor autophosphorylation was suppressed in RA-treated cells, whereas the expression level of EGF receptor was not affected. These findings demonstrate that RA could control the cell growth of osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells not only by regulating the gene expression of growth factor receptors, but also by modulating the ligand-induced receptor autophosphorylation.
Cellular and behavioural effects of the adenosine A<sub>2a</sub> receptor antagonist KW‐6002 in a rat model of <scp>l</scp>‐DOPA‐induced dyskinesia (2003)

We have examined the ability of KW-6002, an adenosine A2a antagonist, to modulate the dyskinetic effects of L-DOPA in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. In animals rendered dyskinetic by a previous course of L-DOPA treatment, KW-6002 did not elicit any abnormal involuntary movements on its own, but failed to reduce the severity of dyskinesia when coadministered with L-DOPA. A second experiment was undertaken in order to study the effects of KW-6002 in L-DOPA-naive rats. Thirty-five animals were allotted to four groups to receive a 21-day treatment with: (i) KW-6002 (10 mg/kg/day); (ii) L-DOPA (6 mg/kg/day) i.p.; (iii) KW-6002 plus L-DOPA (same doses as above) or (iv) vehicle. Chronic treatment with KW-6002-only produced a significant relief of motor disability in the rotarod test in the absence of any abnormal involuntary movements. Combined treatment with L-DOPA and KW-6002 improved rotarod performance to a significantly higher degree than did each of the two drugs alone. However, this combined treatment induced dyskinesia to about the same degree as did L-DOPA alone. In situ hybridization histochemistry showed that KW-6002 treatment alone caused an approximately 20% reduction in the striatal levels of preproenkephalin mRNA, whereas neither the coadministration of KW-6002 and L-DOPA nor L-DOPA alone significantly altered the expression of this transcript in the dopamine-denervated striatum. Either alone or in combination with L-DOPA, KW-6002 did not have any modulatory effect on prodynorphin mRNA expression or FosB/DeltaFosB-like immunoreactivity in the dopamine-denervated striatum. These results show that monotreatment with an adenosine A2a receptor antagonist can relieve motor disability without inducing behavioural and cellular signs of dyskinesia in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. Cotreatment with KW-6002 and L-DOPA potentiates the therapeutic effect but not the dyskinesiogenic potential of the latter drug.
Ultrasonic Sensing for Corn Plant Canopy Characterization (2004)

Non-destructive measurement of crop growth stage, canopy development, and height maybe useful for more efficient crop management practices. In this study, ultrasonic sensing technologywas investigated as one approach for corn plant canopy characterization. Ultrasonic echo signalsfrom corn plant canopies were collected using a lab-based sensor platform. Echo signal peakfeatures were extracted from multiple scans of plant canopies. These features included peakamplitude, scan number, and time of flight. Feature vectors with similarities were clustered togetherto identify individual leaves of the canopy. The mean height of the clustered data of individual leaveswas estimated. The growth stage of each plant was estimated based on the number of leavesdetected. Regression analysis was used to describe the relationship between manually measuredleaf heights and ultrasonic estimates. A leaf-signal interaction model was developed to predict which parts of leaf surfaces will result in echo signals detectable by the sensor. The aim of this researchwas to develop a sensing system which extracted information from an ultrasonic sensor that could beused for a variety of sensing operations in precision agriculture and to better understand therelationship between corn plant canopy and ultrasonic signals.
Dexmedetomidine: Current Role in Anesthesia and Intensive Care (2012)

Dexmedetomidine offers a unique ability of providing both sedation and analgesia without respiratory depression. It is a new agent with a wide safety margin, excellent sedative capacity and moderate analgesic properties. Although its wide use is currently in patients of surgical and non-surgical intensive care units, dexmedetomidine seems to have promising future applications in neuroprotection, cardioprotection and renoprotection. More detailed studies are required to define its role as sedative in critical, neurosurgical and pediatric patients, as anesthesia adjunct and sedative during procedures.
Using digital rights management for securing data in a medical research environment (2010)

We propose a digital rights management approach for sharing electronic health records in a health research facility and argue advantages of the approach. We also give an outline of the system under development and our implementation of the security features and discuss challenges that we faced and future directions.
Experimental Study of Hydraulic Fracture Initiation in Colton Sandstone (2002)

Abstract We performed laboratory scale experiments for the study of horizontal fluid driven fracture initiation from an open-hole section. In order to clarify the role of material microstructure and fluid infiltration, we used viscous Newtonian fluids to initiate penny shaped fractures from radial notches in blocks of natural sandstone. We varied the fluid viscosity and injection rate over ranges allowing for significant fluid losses toward the dry porous rock. For low efficiency fluids, the fracture propagation was characterized by non-monotonic pressure variations. We propose a formulation of the problem of hydraulic fracture initiation in an elastic homogeneous permeable material. Our model accounts for fluid losses toward the rock and a cohesive zone at the fracture tip. We performed dimensional analysis in order to lump the physical parameters into meaningful dimensionless groups. Scale effects concerning the fluid efficiency, decompression effects and material failure could be predicted from dimensional analysis and corroborated with experimental observations. We also propose a numerical solution for this model. The numerical results compare well with experimental results. This work provides a proper scaling for hydraulic fracture initiation. This scaling is necessary for comparing laboratory scale results to field observations.
Multiple Forms of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Human Neuroblastoma Cells: Quantitation with Isoform‐Specific Antibodies (1993)

Human tyrosine hydroxylase (HTH) RNA undergoes alternative splicing, and four different forms of HTH mRNA have been previously identified. Rabbit antibodies were raised against octapeptides unique to each of the four isoforms of HTH predicted from these mRNAs. Blot immunolabeling of human adrenal medulla, pheochromocytoma, and several neuroblastoma cell lines with affinity-purified anti-HTH peptide antibodies demonstrated the presence of all four HTH isoforms in each of these tissues. Quantitative immunolabeling assays for HTH-1, -2, and -4 were established, and HTH isoform levels were determined in several human neuroblastoma cell lines. Whereas total HTH levels differed up to fourfold among the HTH-positive neuroblastoma cell lines studied [LA-N-1, LA-N-5, CHP-234, BE(2)-C, and BE(2)-M17], the relative abundances of HTH isoforms in each of the cell lines were similar. Immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated that HTH immunoreactivity was distributed unequally among the cells in each of these neuroblastoma lines, and morphological interconversion did not account for this heterogeneity. A direct relationship between the percentage of HTH-positive cells and overall HTH levels was also observed. This relationship, in the absence of an apparent clonal basis for the heterogeneity, suggests that HTH expression in neuroblastoma cells may be controlled in a relatively "all-or-none" (bimodal) fashion.
Rotating Magnet Ranging-A New Drilling Guidance Technology (2001)

ABSTRACT Rotating Magnet Ranging (RMR) employs a permanent magnet in a sub directly behind the drillbit to generate a time varying magnetic field as the bit rotates. This signal is detected by sensors in a nearby well. RMR has been tested in SAGD projects and shown to be capable of correctly positioning new injectors above previously drilled and cased production wells. In these applications, the sensor package is pumped down tubing installed in the producer. The current bit location is evaluated relative to the sensor package along with an estimate of the relative drilling direction. RMR is being used routinely to guide horizontal wells to intersect vertical wells. In this application, the sensor is deployed on a wireline in an uncased interval of the vertical well near the proposed intersection depth. RMR provides steering information to the driller up to 50 meters from the target.
Association of Neurocognitive Function and Quality of Life 1 Year After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery (2006)

Postoperative cognitive decline may diminish improvements in QOL. Strategies to reduce cognitive decline may allow patients to achieve the maximum improvement in QOL afforded by CABG, as even short-term cognitive dysfunction has implications for QOL 1 year later.
Dry adhesive bonding of nanoporous inorganic membranes to microfluidic devices using the OSTE(+) dual-cure polymer (2013)

We present two transfer bonding schemes for incorporating fragile nanoporous inorganic membranes into microdevices. Such membranes are finding increasing use in microfluidics, due to their precisely controllable nanostructure. Both schemes rely on a novel dual-cure dry adhesive bonding method, enabled by a new polymer formulation: OSTE(+), which can form bonds at room temperature. OSTE(+) is a novel dual-cure ternary monomer system containing epoxy. After the first cure, the OSTE(+) is soft and suitable for bonding, while during the second cure it stiffens and obtains a Young's modulus of 1.2 GPa. The ability of the epoxy to react with almost any dry surface provides a very versatile fabrication method. We demonstrate the transfer bonding of porous silicon and porous alumina membranes to polymeric microfluidic chips molded into OSTE(+), and of porous alumina membranes to microstructured silicon wafers, by using the OSTE(+) as a thin bonding layer. We discuss the OSTE(+) dual-cure mechanism, describe the device fabrication and evaluate the bond strength and membrane flow properties after bonding. The membranes bonded to OSTE(+) chips delaminate at 520 kPa, and the membranes bonded to silicon delaminate at 750 kPa, well above typical maximum pressures applied to microfluidic circuits. Furthermore, no change in the membrane flow resistance was observed after bonding.
Regulation of methionine synthesis in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1991)

The biosynthesis of methionine in Escherichia coli is under complex regulation. The repression of the biosynthetic pathway by methionine is mediated by a repressor protein (MetJ protein) and S-adenosyl-methionine which functions as a corepressor for the MetJ protein. Recently, a new regulatory locus, metR, has been identified. The MetR protein is required for both metE and metH gene expression, and functions as a transactivator of transcription of these genes. MetR is a unique prokaryotic transcription activator in that it possesses a leucine zipper motif, first described for eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. The transcriptional activity of MetR is modulated by homocysteine, the metabolic precursor of methionine. Finally, it is known that vitamin B12 can repress expression of the metE gene. This effect is mediated by the MetH holoenzyme, which contains a cobamide prosthetic group.
Determination of amputation level in ischaemic limbs using tcPO<sub>2</sub> measurement (2005)

Our study showed that tcPO2 is a reliable indicator of local ischemia. The integration of this parameter with other personal clinical criteria may be a valuable help to the surgeon in decision making.
Transit time heterogeneity of bolus flow through the heart and lungs in patients with left-to-right intracardiac shunt (1999)

Knowledge of the contributions of transit time heterogeneity to the cardiopulmonary system is important for understanding cardiopulmonary function in patients with intracardiac shunt. We determined the heterogeneity of blood transit times occurring between the right atrium and the left ventricle. Eighty two patients with suspected left-to right shunt were investigated with first-pass 99mTc-labelled red blood cell radiocardiography at supine rest. Forty two of them had a pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio (Qp:Qs) of less than 1.2 and they served as a control group. The remaining study subjects had a Qp:Qs ratio of 1.7 +/- 0.3 (mean +/- SD). The patients with shunt had significantly greater (p < 0.001) heterogeneity of transit times (49 +/- 9%) than in the controls (39 +/- 7%). Overall heterogeneity of cardiopulmonary transit times in patients with shunt showed a curvature relationship; the highest values were centred in patients with moderate to severe shunt (1.5 < Qp:Qs < 2.5). The results suggest that the increased heterogeneity of transit times mainly occurs within the pulmonary capillary bed in patients with intracardiac shunt. This is probably due to the recruitment of the open capillaries without vessel distension.
Short efficient ejector systems (1987)

A research program was conducted to improve the performance of low pressure ratio ejector systems. The results show that short, efficient ejectors operating at nearly ideal performance are possible through the use of forced mixer lobes. Forced mixer lobes generate large scale axial vorticity which results in rapid mixing and improved diffuser performance. Ejector testing was conducted using both an ejector wind tunnel. Numerous mixer lobe variations were tested to develop lobe design guidelines. The improved performance of mixer-ejectors is presented over a range of operating conditions. Results of mixer lobe angle, penetration, and alignment are presented. Lobe angles of up to 25 deg, coupled with diffuser wall angles over 20 deg, operate without separation, allowing efficient, short ejector systems. Both warm and cold flow test results are presented. Temperature similarity expressions previously developed are further formulated and verified.
Regenerative EMF Cells (1967)

Among the increasingly complex and sophisticated methods of energy conversion needed today, regenerative electrochemical systems occupy an important place. In this introduction, the author attempts to mitigate the confusion that exists in the naming of these systems, to discuss their thermodynamics on the basis of simple examples, and to show that these systems may be regarded as foreshadowed by the work of Grove (1839). If experience with fuel batteries is a valid guide, the development of practical regenerative electrochemical systems will encounter many difficult engineering problems, and the difficulty of developing such systems will increase with the complexity of the transport problems involved.
HuB (elavl2) mRNA Is Restricted to the Germ Cells by Post-Transcriptional Mechanisms including Stabilisation of the Message by DAZL (2011)

The ability of germ cells to carry out a gene regulatory program distinct from the surrounding somatic tissue, and their capacity to specify an entire new organism has made them a focus of many studies that seek to understand how specific regulatory mechanisms, particularly post-transcriptional mechanisms, contribute to cell fate. In zebrafish, germ cells are specified through the inheritance of cytoplasmic determinants, termed the germ plasm, which contains a number of maternal mRNAs and proteins. Investigation of several of these messages has revealed that the restricted localisation of these mRNAs to the germ plasm and subsequent germ cells is due to cis-acting sequence elements present in their 3'UTRs. Here we show that a member of the Hu family of RNA-binding proteins, HuB, is maternally provided in the zebrafish embryo and exhibits germ cell specific expression during embryogenesis. Restriction of HuB mRNA to the germ cells is dependent on a number of sequence elements in its 3'UTR, which act to degrade the mRNA in the soma and stabilise it in the germ cells. In addition, we show that the germ cell specific RNA-binding protein DAZL is able to promote HuB mRNA stability and translation in germ cells, and further demonstrate that these activities require a 30 nucleotide element in the 3'UTR. Our study suggests that DAZL specifically binds the HuB 3'UTR and protects the message from degradation and/or enhances HuB translation, leading to the germ cell specific expression of HuB protein.
Rate of inactivation of cytomegalovirus in raw banked milk during storage at -20 degrees C and pasteurisation. (1982)

Samples of milk from 23 mothers attending the department of obstetrics and gynaecology and 36 who donated milk to the department's milk bank were cultured for cytomegalovirus. Virus was isolated from samples from 12 of the milk donors but none of the mothers attending the department; follow-up studies during lactation in seven of these 12 women showed that five continued to excrete the virus. Samples were taken on three occasions from one woman who regularly excreted high titres of the virus. Storage at -20 degrees C for over three days reduced the titre by over 99%; after pasteurisation at 63 degrees C for eight minutes the milk did not contain any viable virus. It is recommended that raw banked milk used for feeding preterm babies should be kept frozen for at least 72 hours before feeding.
Sevoflurane and Soda Lime (1994)

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15213
Relationship between radiographic classification and arthroscopic findings of articular cartilage lesions in osteoarthritis of the knee. (1998)

In MC-OA of the knee, the JSN and K/L scores for the MC correlated highly with cartilage lesions of the MC by arthroscopy. However, the cartilage lesion of the LC correlated poorly with both of these radiographic scales.
Benefits of optical system diversity for multiplexed image reconstruction (2006)

Algorithms that use optical system diversity to improve multiplexed image reconstruction from multiple low-resolution images are analyzed and demonstrated. Compared with systems using identical imagers, systems using additional lower-resolution imagers can have improved accuracy and computation. The diverse system is not sensitive to boundary conditions and can take full advantage of improvements that decrease noise and allow an increased number of bits per pixel to represent spatial information in a scene.
<title>Improved FTIR open-path remote sensing data reduction technique</title> (1995)

Progress on the developement of a nonlinear curve fitting computer algorithm for data reduction of optical remote sensing Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) data is presented. This new algorithm is an adaptation of an existing algorithm employed at the Arnold Engineering Development Center for the analysis of infrared plume signature and optical gas diagnostic data on rocket and turbine engine exhaust. Because it is a nonlinear model, the algorithm can be used to determine parameters not readily determined by linear methods such as classical least squares. Unlike linear methods this procedure can simultaneously determine atmospheric gas concetrations, spectral resolution, spectral shift, and the background or (I<SUP>o</SUP>(omega) spectrum. Additionally, species which possess spectra that are strongly masked by atmospheric absorption features such as BTX can also be incorporated into the procedure. The basic theory behind the algorithm is presented as well as test results on FTS data and synthetic data containing benzene and toluene spectral features.