gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase I and II crystals of poly(p‐oxybenzoate). I. Effects of substrate and melt polymerization conditions (1999)

Acid and base treatment of glass and mica substrates affects the phase II/I crystal structure ratio of poly(p-oxybenzoic acid) polymerized by the confined thin film melt polymerization (CTFMP) technique; acid treatment of mica enhances the phase I content, whereas base treatment of glass and mica results in growth of 100% phase II crystals. In bulk melt polymerized samples, without added catalyst, the fraction of phase II increases with increasing polymerization temperature, up to 25–30% above 300 °C; this is suggested to be related to a “PH phase” (pseudo-hexagonal), consisting of 3 pairs of phase I and II crystals, rotated by 60°, in CTFMP samples annealed above their Tk-m. The addition of a base to the polymerization system also results in an increase in the phase II content, up to almost 100% in some cases. The effect of the addition of base is tentatively attributed to a change in the alignment of neighboring molecules growing out from the initial nucleus during the simultaneous polymerization (liquid crystal) crystallization. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 3520–3531, 1999
Synthesis and Structure of Group 4 Iminophosphonamide Complexes (2005)

The syntheses of a variety of iminophosphonamide (PN2) ligands (2a−f), the corresponding hydrochloride salts (1a−c), and a number of bis(PN2) dichloride complexes of group 4 (3a−e) and their corresponding dialkyls (5a−e) are described. A novel monosubstituted PN2 “ate” complex 4 was prepared from ligand 2f and Zr(NMe2)4 on treatment with excess Me2NH·HCl. Piano-stool PN2 zirconium dichloride complexes 6a−h were accessible on treatment of CpZr(NMe2)3 (Cp = C5H5, Cp*) with PN2 ligands 2a−e, followed by metathesis with excess Me3SiCl or Me2NH·HCl (6a−g) or at low T with ethereal HCl (6h). Dialkyl derivatives 8a−h could be prepared from 6a−h or directly from ligands 2 and CpMMe3 (Cp = C5H5, Cp*; M = Ti or Zr). The intermediate Cp(PN2)Zr(NMe2)2, precursor to 6h, rearranged to the novel terminal difluoride complexes 7a,b at room temperature. A variety of complexes 3 and 6 or their corresponding alkyl derivatives have been characterized by X-ray crystallography. In addition, the novel “ate” complex 4 and difluoride complexes 7a,b have been structurally characterized in this manner. The structures of 7a,b in the solid state reveal strong, intramolecular coordination of the NMe2 group to the metal center, resulting in eight-coordinate complexes. One of these complexes is fluxional in solution, suggesting rapid exchange of bound versus free NMe2 groups coupled with the formation of coordination stereoisomers.
Conservation of Flexible Residue Clusters among Structural and Functional Enzyme Homologues (2012)

Conformational flexibility between structural ensembles is an essential component of enzyme function. Although the broad dynamical landscape of proteins is known to promote a number of functional events on multiple time scales, it is yet unknown whether structural and functional enzyme homologues rely on the same concerted residue motions to perform their catalytic function. It is hypothesized that networks of contiguous and flexible residue motions occurring on the biologically relevant millisecond time scale evolved to promote and/or preserve optimal enzyme catalysis. In this study, we use a combination of NMR relaxation dispersion, model-free analysis, and ligand titration experiments to successfully capture and compare the role of conformational flexibility between two structural homologues of the pancreatic ribonuclease family: RNase A and eosinophil cationic protein (or RNase 3). In addition to conserving the same catalytic residues and structural fold, both homologues show similar yet functionally distinct clusters of millisecond dynamics, suggesting that conformational flexibility can be conserved among analogous protein folds displaying low sequence identity. Our work shows that the reduced conformational flexibility of eosinophil cationic protein can be dynamically and functionally reproduced in the RNase A scaffold upon creation of a chimeric hybrid between the two proteins. These results support the hypothesis that conformational flexibility is partly required for catalytic function in homologous enzyme folds, further highlighting the importance of dynamic residue sectors in the structural organization of proteins.
Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency in Thailand and Taiwan (2012)

Neutralizing anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies were detected in 88% of Asian adults with multiple opportunistic infections and were associated with an adult-onset immunodeficiency akin to that of advanced HIV infection. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00814827.).
Atrial Tachycardia After Ablation of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (2008)

This study demonstrates a strategy for rapidly defining and eliminating the scar-related ATs typically encountered after ablation of atrial fibrillation.
Immunocytochemical localization of tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 2 during the development of hippocampal neurons in culture (1986)

In dissociated-cell cultures prepared from the embryonic rat hippocampus, neurons establish both axons and dendrites, which differ in geometry, in ultrastructure, and in synaptic polarity. We have used immunocytochemistry with monoclonal antibodies to study the regional distribution of beta-tubulin and micro-tubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) in hippocampal cultures and their localization during early stages of axonal and dendritic development. After development for a week or more in culture, when axons and dendrites were well-differentiated, the distribution of these two proteins was quite different. Beta-tubulin was present throughout the nerve cell, in soma, dendrites, and axon. It was also present in all classes of non-neuronal cells, astrocytes, fibroblasts, and a presumptive glial progenitor cell. In contrast, MAP2 was preferentially localized to nerve cells; within neurons, MAP2 was present in soma and dendrites, but little or no immunostaining was detectable in axons. Both beta-tubulin and MAP2 were present in nerve cells at the time of plating. From the earliest stages of process extension, beta-tubulin was present in all neuronal processes, both axons and dendrites. Surprisingly, MAP2 was also initially present in both axons and dendrites, extending as far as the axonal growth cone. With subsequent development, MAP2 staining was selectively lost from the axon so that after 1 week in vitro little or no axonal staining remained. Taken together with earlier results (Cáceres et al., 1984a), these data indicate that the establishment of neuronal polarity, as manifested by the molecular differentiation of the axonal and dendritic cytoskeleton, occurs largely under endogenous control, even under culture conditions in which cell interactions are greatly restricted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Switched reluctance motor drive by using fuzzy controller (2002)

In this paper, fuzzy control application of linear inductance switched reluctance motor (SRM) drives with the C-Dump power converter is presented. A mathematical model of the SRM, by considering mutual inductances, is obtained. The study aims at reducing the torque ripple and the acoustic noise and is carried out by a simulation model by using an efficient algorithm that is developed using fuzzy logic. Superior results in the drive performance are achieved by the fuzzy logic controller described. The simulated results are experimentally verified on a scaled down laboratory prototype and found to give good torque ripple and reduced acoustic noise.
Inhibition of Human Natural Killer Cell Activity by Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) (1991)

We have previously reported that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) substantially inhibits human natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, and that NK cells possess high-affinity surface binding sites for the PDGF-AB isoform. In this communication, we present direct evidence for the presence of A-type (alpha) PDGF receptors on human NK cells by demonstrating that human NK cells have approximately 150,000 high-affinity, surface binding sites for recombinant (r)PDGF-AA and approximately 300,000 high-affinity, surface binding sites for rPDGF-BB. This was determined by the competitive binding of 125I-labelled rPDGF-AA or 125I-labelled rPDGF-BB and homologous unlabelled rPDGF-AA or rPDGF-BB to FACS-sorted, CD16+ lymphoid (NK) cells, and Scatchard analysis of these data. In addition, we also demonstrate that the various isoforms of PDGF have differential effects on NK-cell cytotoxicity. Physiological quantities (100 ng/ml) of rPDGF-BB homodimers, highly purified PDGF-AB heterodimers from outdated platelets, and rPDGF-AB heterodimers substantially inhibited NK-cell cytotoxicity in both a dose- and time-dependent manner. In contrast, pretreatment of NK cells with equivalent nanogram amounts of rPDGF-AA homodimers resulted in a significantly weaker inhibitory effect on NK-cell cytotoxicity as compared with the PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB isoforms. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Quinoxaline Studies. XI. Unequivocal Syntheses of cis- and trans-dl-Decahydroquinoxalines. Resolution of trans-dl-Decahydroquinoxalines<sup>1-3</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuinoxaline Studies. XI. Unequivocal Syntheses of cis- and trans-dl-Decahydroquinoxalines. Resolution of trans-dl-Decahydroquinoxalines1-3Earl Brill and Harry P. SchultzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 4, 1135–1138Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01039a509https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01039a509research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Time-Resolved Absorption Spectroscopy in the 10−12 -sec Range (1971)

A technique is described for a single-shot time resolution of picosecond events. Some examples are given which demonstrate the feasibility of this method for making accurate measurements with a time resolution of ∼ 10−12 sec.
Splice-mediated insertion of an <i>Alu</i> sequence in the COL4A3 mRNA causing autosomal recessive Alport syndrome (1995)

Alport syndrome is a mainly X-linked hereditary disease of basement membranes characterized by progressive renal failure, deafness, and ocular lesions. The alpha 3(IV) and alpha 4(IV) collagen genes have been recently shown to be involved in the less frequent autosomal recessive form. When screening lymphocyte COL4A3 mRNAs from Alport patients, we found a mutant whose transcripts were disrupted by a 74 bp insertion at the junction of exons IV or V and VI. The insertion derives from an antisense Alu element in COL4A3 intron V, which has been spliced into the alpha 3(IV) mRNA due to a G to T transversion activating a cryptic acceptor splice site in this Alu element. There is complete segregation of this mutation with the disease in the family. Our findings provide the first evidence for the pathogenic role of abnormal splicing of COL4A3. Moreover, we demonstrate the superiority of mutation screening at the mRNA level to detect a hitherto poorly recognized mutation mechanism in humans, splice-mediated insertion of an Alu fragment into a coding sequence.
Robustness improvement of short-circuit capability by SiC trench-etched double-diffused MOS (TED MOS) (2018)

A 3.3-kV SiC trench-etched double-diffused MOS (TED MOS) is designed and fabricated for robust short-circuit (SC) capability. Because of its low-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">over</sub> (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> - V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) operation, the TED MOS successfully reduces the drain current in saturation region to less than 700 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at SC tests. The low drain current in a saturation region enhances the SC capability of the TED MOS. As a result, the SC endurance time of the TED MOS is 2.8 times longer than that of the conventional SiC DMOS.
Video segmentation by MAP labeling of watershed segments (2001)

This paper addresses the problem of spatio-temporal segmentation of video sequences. An initial intensity segmentation method (watershed segmentation) provides a number of initial segments which are subsequently labeled, with a known number of labels, according to motion information. The label field is modeled as a Markov random field where the statistical spatial and and temporal interactions are expressed on the basis of the initial watershed segments. The labeling criterion is the maximization of the conditional a posteriori probability of the label field given the motion hypotheses, the estimate of the label field of the previous frame, and the image intensities. For the optimization, an iterative motion estimation-labeling algorithm is proposed and experimental results are presented.
Toward parallel search for optimization in graphical models. (2010)

We introduce a strategy for parallelizing a state-of-the-art sequential search algorithm for optimization on a grid of computers. Based on the AND/OR graph search framework, the procedure exploits the structure of the underlying problem graph. Worker nodes concurrently solve subproblems that are generated by a single master process. Subproblem generation is itself embedded into an AND/OR Branch and Bound algorithm and dynamically takes previous subproblem solutions into account. Drawing upon the underlying graph structure, we provide some theoretical analysis of the parallelization parameters. A prototype has been implemented and we present promising initial experimental results on genetic haplotyping and Mastermind problem instances, at the same time outlining several open questions.
<b>The Participation of the Amide Group in the Solvolysis of Phosphoric Acid Esters. I. Phosphotriesters in Alkaline Media</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Participation of the Amide Group in the Solvolysis of Phosphoric Acid Esters. I. Phosphotriesters in Alkaline MediaChristine. Zioudrou and Gaston L. SchmirCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 20, 3258–3264Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00903a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00903a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Crots (Hautes-Alpes). Abbaye de Boscodon (1995)

Molina Nathalie. Crots (Hautes-Alpes). Abbaye de Boscodon. In: Archéologie médiévale, tome 25, 1995. p. 238.
Hydrophobic properties of the gliadins of some varieties of Triticum vulgare wheats. (1980)

18 ref.
Photodynamic therapy for pathogenic fungi (2011)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive approach, in which a photosensitiser compound is activated by exposure to visible light. The activation of the sensitiser drug results in several chemical reactions, such as the production of oxygen reactive species and other reactive molecules, whose presence in the biological site leads to the damage of target cells. Although PDT has been primarily developed to combat cancerous lesions, this therapy can be employed for the treatment of several conditions, including infectious diseases. A wide range of microorganisms, including Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi have demonstrated susceptibility to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. This treatment might consist of an alternative to the management of fungal infections. Antifungal photodynamic therapy has been successfully employed against Candida albicans and other Candida species and also against dermatophytes. The strain-dependent antifungal effect and the influence of the biological medium are important issues to be considered. Besides, the choice of photosensitiser to be employed in PDT should consider the characteristics of the fungi and the medium to be treated, as well as the depth of penetration of light into the skin. In the present review, the state-of-the-art of antifungal PDT is discussed and the photosensitiser characteristics are analysed.
Murine models of Sjögren's syndrome. Immunohistologic analysis of different strains. (1988)

Lacrimal gland inflammation develops in several strains of autoimmune mice, including MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr), MRL/Mp-+/+ (MRL/+), and NZBxNZW F1 hybrids (NZB/W). These mice all develop an autoimmune disease characterized by glomerulonephritis and autoantibody formation, but each strain has unique clinical features and immunologic abnormalities. Previous studies have suggested that the intrinsic immunologic defect in MRL/lpr mice may be at the level of T cells, while in NZB/W mice it appears to be B cell-mediated. Immunohistologic analysis of the lacrimal gland lesions was performed on all three strains. Although T cells predominated (MRL/lpr 85%, MLR/+ 78%, and NZB/W 57%), differences in the immunohistologic profiles did exist. NZB/W mice had a significantly higher percentage of B cells (33% vs. 10% for MRL/lpr and 13% for MRL/+) and a correspondingly lower percentage of T cells. MRL/lpr mice differed from MRL/+ mice in that they exhibited a significantly higher percentage of helper T cells (63% vs. 49%) and a lower percentage of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells (14% vs. 30%). Class II antigen expression could be detected on the mononuclear cells at inflammatory sites within the lacrimal glands of all three strains, suggesting T cell activation and an active autoimmune immunologic event occurring in the lacrimal gland.
GaN HFET for W-band Power Applications (2006)

In this paper we report high frequency GaN power device and measured power performance of the first W-band (75 GHz-110 GHz) MMIC fabricated in GaN material system. The first W-band GaN MMIC with 150 mum of output gate periphery produces 316 mW of continuous wave output power (power density =2.1 W/m) at a frequency of 80.5 GHz and has associated power gain of 17.5 dB. By comparison the reported state of the art for other solid state technologies in W-band is 427 mW measured in a pulsed mode on an InP HEMT MMIC with 1600 mum of output periphery (power density = 0.26 W/mm). The reported result demonstrates tremendous superiority of GaN device technology for power applications at frequencies greater than 75 GHz
Smart Polyion Complex Micelles for Targeted Intracellular Delivery of PEGylated Antisense Oligonucleotides Containing Acid‐Labile Linkages (2005)

A novel pH-sensitive and targetable antisense ODN delivery system based on multimolecular assembly into polyion complex (PIC) micelles of poly(L-lysine) (PLL) and a lactosylated poly(ethylene glycol)-antisense ODN conjugate (Lac-PEG-ODN) containing an acid-labile linkage (beta-propionate) between the PEG and ODN segments has been developed. The PIC micelles thus prepared had clustered lactose moieties on their peripheries and achieved a significant antisense effect against luciferase gene expression in HuH-7 cells (hepatoma cells), far more efficiently than that produced by the nonmicelle systems (ODN and Lac-PEG-ODN) alone, as well as by the lactose-free PIC micelle. In line with this pronounced antisense effect, the lactosylated PIC micelles showed better uptake than the lactose-free PIC micelles into HuH-7 cells; this suggested the involvement of an asialoglycoprotein (ASGP) receptor-mediated endocytosis process. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the antisense effect (27 % inhibition) was observed for a lactosylated PIC micelle without an acid-labile linkage (thiomaleimide linkage); this suggested the release of the active (free) antisense ODN molecules into the cellular interior in response to the pH decrease in the endosomal compartment is a key process in the antisense effect. Use of branched poly(ethylenimine) (B-PEI) instead of the PLL for PIC micellization led to a substantial decrease in the antisense effect, probably due to the buffer effect of the B-PEI in the endosome compartment, preventing the cleavage of the acid-labile linkage in the conjugate. The approach reported here is expected to be useful for the construction of smart intracellular delivery systems for antisense ODNs with therapeutic value.
Fine Striae Forming on Synthetic Silica Glass by ArF Excimer Laser Beam Irradiation. (1998)

合成石英ガラスにArFエキシマレーザ光を照射して微小溝の形成を試み, 照射条件と材料の性質が微小溝形状に及ぼす影響を調べ, その形成機構について検討した.その結果, 以下のことを明らかにできた.(1) 合成石英ガラスに微小溝を形成できた.(2) 微小溝が形成される照射条件は, 入射角80°以上, フルエンス4J/cm2以上, 照射パルス数10～30パルスである.(3) 微小溝の方向性は入射角に依存する.入射角が90°に近づく程, 微小溝の方向性が高まり一つの溝が長くなる.(4) 偏光は微小溝の方向性に影響を及ぼさない.(5) 水晶でも石英ガラスと同様の微小溝を形成できた.
Magnet Eddy-Current Loss Analysis of Interior PM Machines for Electric Vehicle Application (2017)

The magnet eddy-current losses of six interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines are investigated for electric vehicle applications in this paper. The armature field, eddy-current density of magnet, the influence of PM depth, the distance of PM layers, and the number of PM segmentation are studied by finite-element analysis. It is demonstrated that increasing the PM depth of first layer and the distance of PM layers can provide more soft iron space for the armature-reaction flux, which can reduce the magnet eddy-current loss. PM segmentation can effectively reduce the PM eddy-current loss, because the eddy-current paths are divided into smaller loops, increasing the effective resistance. An IPM machine with segmented PM is prototyped to verify the analysis.