gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Industry tests of NASA ceramic thermal barrier coating (1979)

Ceramic thermal barrier coating (TBC) system was tested by industrial and governmental organizations for a variety of aeronautical, marine, and ground-based gas turbine engine applications. This TBC is a two-layer system with a bond coating of nickel-chromium-aluminum-yttrium (Ni-16Cr-6Al-0.6Y, in wt. percent) and a ceramic coating of yttria-stabilized zirconia (ZrO2-12Y2O3, in wt. percent). Seven tests evaluated the system's thermal protection and durability. Five other tests determined thermal conductivity, vibratory fatigue characteristics, and corrosion resistance of the system. The information presented includes test results and photographs of the coated parts. Recommendations are made for improving the coating procedures.
Loss of<i>NF1</i>Alleles Distinguish Sporadic from NF1-Associated Pilocytic Astrocytomas (2001)

Pilocytic astrocytomas classified as WHO grade I typically arise in childhood and upon complete surgical removal carry a favorable prognosis. Children with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) have a vastly increased risk for pilocytic astrocytomas, especially for those of the optic nerve. Using 4 intragenic NF1 microsatellite markers, we examined losses of NF1 alleles on the long arm of chromosome 17 in 12 NF1-associated and 25 sporadic pilocytic astrocytomas. The TP53 gene region on the short arm of chromosome 17 was also examined in these tumors using 3 markers. Loss of 1 NF1 allele was detected in 11 of 12 (92%) informative NF1-associated pilocytic astrocytomas. In contrast, only 1 of 24 informative (4%) sporadic pilocytic astrocytomas exhibited allelic loss in the NF1 region. Among the 11 NF1-associated tumors with NF1 loss, 5 had also lost alleles on 17p. The high rate of NF1 allele loss in NF1-associated pilocytic astrocytomas suggests a tumor initiating or promoting action of the NF1 gene in these patients. On the other hand, the much lower rate of NF1-allele loss in sporadic pilocytic astrocytomas argues for only minor importance of NF1 in that patient group. The present data support different mechanisms in the formation of NF1-associated and sporadic pilocytic astrocytomas.
EGF and TGF-beta regulate neutral endopeptidase expression in renal vascular smooth muscle cells (1997)

We recently reported that neutral endopeptidase (NEP) expression on renal vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) was downregulated in the presence of serum. Here we examine the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta) in this downregulation and the consequences of the changes in NEP activity on their mitogenic effects. EGF inhibited NEP activity, whereas TGF-beta was stimulatory. Expression of the enzyme was studied by measuring the binding of [125I]RB-104, a specific NEP inhibitor, and the fluorescence intensity of NEP-labeled cells. Both parameters were decreased by EGF and were increased by TGF-beta. NEP mRNA expression in EGF-treated cells was reduced after 48 h. In contrast, it was increased in TGF-beta-treated cells. Interestingly, NEP inhibition influenced the mitogenic effect of EGF. Indeed, thiorphan, an NEP inhibitor, and an anti-NEP antibody decreased EGF-dependent [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell proliferation by approximately 50%. TGF-beta had no effect on VSMC growth. These results indicate that EGF but not TGF-beta participates in the downregulatory potency of serum on NEP expression in VSMC. They also demonstrate that the full effect of EGF on VSMC proliferation depends on intact NEP activity.
The asiA gene of bacteriophage T4 codes for the anti-sigma 70 protein (1993)

The anti-sigma 70 factor of bacteriophage T4 is a 10-kDa (10K) protein which inhibits the sigma 70-directed initiation of transcription by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase holoenzyme. We have partially purified the anti-sigma 70 factor and obtained the sequence of a C-terminal peptide of this protein. Using reverse genetics, we have identified, at the end of the lysis gene t and downstream of an as yet unassigned phage T4 early promoter, an open reading frame encoding a 90-amino-acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 10,590. This protein has been overproduced in a phage T7 expression system and partially purified. It shows a strong inhibitory activity towards sigma 70-directed transcription (by RNA polymerase holoenzyme), whereas it has no significant effect on sigma 70-independent transcription (by RNA polymerase core enzyme). At high ionic strength, this inhibition is fully antagonized by the neutral detergent Triton X-100. Our results corroborate the initial observations on the properties of the phage T4 10K anti-sigma 70 factor, and we therefore propose that the gene which we call asiA, identified in the present study, corresponds to the gene encoding this T4 transcriptional inhibitor.
Diversity and Abundance of Single-Stranded DNA Viruses in Human Feces (2011)

In this study, we investigated the abundance and diversity of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses in fecal samples from five healthy individuals through a combination of serial filtration and CsCl gradient ultracentrifugation. Virus abundance ranged from 10⁸ to 10⁹ per gram of feces, and virus-to-bacterium ratios were much lower (less than 0.1) than those observed in aquatic environments (5 to 10). Viral DNA was extracted and randomly amplified using phi29 polymerase and analyzed through high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. Among 400,133 sequences, an average of 86.2% viromes were previously uncharacterized in public databases. Among previously known viruses, double-stranded DNA podophages (52 to 74%), siphophages (11 to 30%), myophages (1 to 4%), and ssDNA microphages (3 to 9%) were major constituents of human fecal viromes. A phylogenetic analysis of 24 large contigs of microphages based on conserved capsid protein sequences revealed five distinct newly discovered evolutionary microphage groups that were distantly related to previously known microphages. Moreover, putative capsid protein sequences of five contigs were closely related to prophage-like sequences in the genomes of three Bacteroides and three Prevotella strains, suggesting that Bacteroides and Prevotella are the sources of infecting microphages in their hosts.
Optical design of a sub-1-μm focusing system for soft x-ray free electron lasers (2017)

We present an optical design of a new focusing system for soft x-ray free electron lasers. The system is based on a two-staged focusing configuration that combines a Kirkpatrick-Baez focusing system with an ellipsoidal mirror so as to produce a sub-1-μm focal spot. A wave-optical simulation indicates that the power density at the focus exceeds 10<sup>18</sup> W/cm<sup>2</sup>, which enables us to access exotic interactions between soft x-rays and matters.
The parallel-test-detect fault simulation algorithm (2003)

It is shown how the test-detect principle can be adapted to the parallel-patterns technique for combinational fault simulation. Several techniques for implementing a parallel-test-detect simulator are presented, with techniques based on nominator analysis providing the fastest fault simulation results. The dominant-test-detect approach has proved to be effective both for small sets of patterns, as might be used in automatic test pattern generation, and for larger pattern sets that might be used in built-in self-test.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Angular polycyclic thiophenes containing two thiophene rings. Part II (1984)

Abstract The syntheses of naphtho[1,2–6:7,6‐ b ′]bisbenzo[ b ]thiophene ( 4 ), naphtho[1,2–6:7,8‐ b ′]bisbenzo[ b ]thiophene ( 5 ), naphtho[2,1‐ b :7,6‐ b ′]bisbenzo[ b ]thiophene ( 8 ), naphtho[2,1‐ b :7,8‐ b ′]bisbenzo[ b ]thiophene ( 9 ), naphtho‐[1,2–6:5,6‐ b ′]bisbenzo[ b ]thiophene ( 14 ), naphtho[1,2–6:6,5‐ b ]bisbenzo[ b ]thiophene ( 17 ) and naphtho[2,1–6:‐6,5‐ b ′]bisbenzo[ b ]thiophene ( 23 ) are reported.
Handover re-routing schemes for connection oriented services in mobile ATM networks (2002)

Wireless ATM (WATM) will be used to support broadband applications for future generation mobile services. To achieve this, the existing ATM protocol must be augmented with mobility management capabilities. One of the important components of mobility management is the ability of the network to seamlessly re-route existing connections to different parts of the network. To date, a number of schemes have been proposed for broadband wireless networks. These schemes can potentially be used in WATM networks. We compare the performance of these schemes in terms of their complexity, handover latency, communication disruption period and buffer and bandwidth requirements.
Oligosaccharide synthesis on a light-sensitive solid support. I. Polymer and synthesis of isomaltose (6-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose) (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOligosaccharide synthesis on a light-sensitive solid support. I. Polymer and synthesis of isomaltose (6-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose)Uri. Zehavi and Abraham. PatchornikCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 17, 5673–5677Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00798a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00798a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views295Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Learning Semantics-Preserving Attention and Contextual Interaction for Group Activity Recognition (2019)

In this paper, we investigate the problem of group activity recognition by learning semantics-perserving attention and contextual interaction among different people. Conventional methods usually aggregate the features extracted from individual persons by pooling operations, which lack physical meaning and cannot fully explore the contextual information for group activity recognition. To address this, we develop a Semantics-Preserving Teacher-Student (SPTS) networks architecture. Our SPTS networks first learn a Teacher Network in the semantic domain that classifies the word of group activity based on the words of individual actions. Then we design a Student Network in the appearance domain that recognizes the group activity according to the input video. We enforce the Student Network to mimic the Teacher Network in the learning procedure. In this way, we allocate semantics-preserving attention to different people, which is more effective to seek the key people and discard the misleading people, while no extra labelled data are required. Moreover, a group of people inherently lie in a graphbased structure, where the people and their relationship can be regarded as the nodes and edges of a graph respectively. Based on this, we build two graph convolutional modules on both the Teacher Network and the Student Network to reason the dependency among different people. Furthermore, we extend our approach on action segmentation task based on its intermediate features. Experimental results on four datasets for group activity analysis clearly show the superior performance of our method in comparisons with the state-of-the-arts.
Single-Frequency Electronic-Modulated Analog Line Scanning Using a Dielectric Antenna (1982)

A line scanning antenna is described whereby means of periodic perturbations and conductivity changes in p-i-n diode modulators, analog angular shifts of 5° can be obtained. The system is electronically modulated with relatively small power requirements.
Efficient colonic mucosal wound repair requires Trem2 signaling (2008)

The colonic epithelial lining undergoes constant replacement, driven by epithelial stem cells in crypts of Lieberkühn. Stem cells lost because of damage or disease can be replaced by adjacent crypts that undergo fission. The close proximity of an extraordinary number of luminal microbes creates a challenge for this repair process; infection must be prevented while immune system activation and epithelial stem cell genetic damage must be minimized. To understand the factors that modulate crypt/stem cell replacement in the mouse colon, we developed an in vivo acute injury system analogous to punch biopsy of the skin. In contrast to epidermal stem cells, colonic epithelial progenitors did not migrate over the wound bed. Instead, their proliferative expansion was confined to crypts adjacent to wound beds and was delayed to the latter phase of healing. This increased epithelial proliferation was coincident with the infiltration of Trem2 expressing macrophages and increased expression of IL-4 and IL-13 in the wound bed. Interestingly, Trem2(-/-) mice displayed slow and incomplete wound healing of colonic mucosal injuries. We found the latter phase of healing in Trem2(-/-) mice showed a diminished burst of epithelial proliferation, increased expression of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, diminished expression of IL-4 and IL-13, and increased markers of classical macrophage activation. Ablation of these cytokines in injured WT and Trem2(-/-) mice demonstrated that their expression ultimately determined the rate and nature of wound healing. These studies show that Trem2 signaling is an important pathway to promote healing of wounds in the colon where stem cell replacement is necessary.
Importance of radiative heat exchange in 2D closed diode cavities applied to solar collectors and building (2004)

The aim of this work is to determine the radiative thermal exchange in 2D closed diode cavities in which a natural convective flow is established. The distinction between heat transfer by natural convection and radiation is necessary for these cavities, considering their particular geometry. The hot and cold walls of the cavity have the same size (height H) and are at the origin of the natural 2D convective flow. Being at a distance L, varying according to the treated case (shape factor A = L/H) and remaining always vertical, they are maintained isotherm with an imposed difference of temperature ΔT. The four other walls of the cavity have a very high thermal conductive resistance (i.e., adiabatic). The upper and lower walls are inclined in relation to the horizontal with an angle slope α that can be positive or negative. Thus, the lateral walls of the cavity have a parallelogram shape in most of the cases. The configurations of the cavities corresponding to various combinations of ΔT, α and A = L/H parameters give very different natural flows being able either to favor the convection or, on the contrary, to decrease it (convective diode effect). According to the treated case, it entails sensi-tive differences of natural convection and radiation contributions. In this survey, we put the emphasis on the radiative aspect. We present detailed calculations based on radiosity method coupled with thermal measurements obtained experimentally. The results of this work put in evidence the importance of radiation in the global exchange. These cavities can be used in several engineering domains. However, this work consists in adapting their use in solar energy techniques like building and flate-plate solar collectors.
QUANTIFYING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: AN ILLUSTRATION OF THE 'BUSINESS VALUE LINKAGE' FRAMEWORK (1991)

Senior management's ability to gauge the business value of investments in information technology (IT) has been seriously hampered by a lack of analytic tools to conduct sound performance assessment. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework called a "business value linkage" that is used to represent the processes by which the direct outputs of an IT are transformed within the firm and its operating environment into enhanced revenues, reduced costs and new strategic opportunities to increase market share. Utilizing appropriate modeling and econometric methods, we illustrate our approach by analyzing several hard-to-measure aspects of the business value of automated teller machines (ATMs) in retail electronic banking. The results show that the hardest to measure impacts in some cases can have the greatest business value.
Comparison of processes for the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of oil from soybean seeds (1994)

Abstract Three different process alternatives for the production of soybean oil by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction were analyzed. The first two processes were organized according to the classical scheme, based on high‐pressure extraction followed by separation induced by pressure reduction. Different techniques were used to recover the solvent in these two schemes, in the liquid and in the gas phases, respectively. The third alternative was based on an isobaric scheme—the oil, extracted at high pressure, was separated by chainging the temperature in the separator. In a further improvement, a technique for the heat transfer network integration was added to all the process schemes. The different schemes were used to establish the process configuration that can produce a lower operating cost for soybean oil extraction. Operating costs were considered on an industrial scale to carry out a screening of the different alternatives. The operating cost of these plants were then compared with the hexane extraction process. A substantial reduction in the specific costs was obtained in the case of heat transfer integration, and the operating costs fell in the same range as conventional extraction plants.
The Forming Process in Nickel Positive Electrodes (1965)

A detailed study has been made of the phases produced and their geometric distribution during formation of Edison‐type tubular positive nickel electrodes. The initial charging in lithiated electrolytes converts the to a beta phase having a solid solution range for di‐ and tetravalent nickel. The beta crystalline structure is related to . This phase can be further oxidized to alpha phase, a tetravalent nickelate having appreciable trivalent nickel solid solubility. Alpha phase is most readily formed during oxidation in concentrated or electrolytes, but does not form in electrolytes. The addition of to the battery electrolyte contributes to alpha phase discharge and limits alpha phase reformation. The contribution of alpha phase to electrochemical capacity is limited by a low effective exchange current as compared to the beta phase.
Trustworthy Web Services Based on Testing (2005)

The Web services technology allows software components independently developed in disparate platforms to communicate in a seamless manner. They constitute a loosely coupled, distributed system that is highly scalable. But, they also inherit the vulnerabilities of such systems. As Web services increase in complexity and connectivity, the associated security risks also increase exponentially. Many of the security breaches can be traced back to poor testing. In this paper, research on security vulnerabilities in SOAP based Web services is presented. The security context of traditional Web applications is compared to that of Web services. An attempt is made to map common attack patterns to security testing requirements with regard to Web services.
Synthesis of hierarchically nanoporous silica films for controlled drug loading and release (2011)

Films with well-controlled porous structures provide many exciting application opportunities in chemistry and biology. Here we report the synthesis of a highly uniform, hierarchically nanoporous silica film structure, and its application in drug loading and release for antibacterial surface coating. Templated by both sub-micron poly-styrene (PS) particles and a triblock copolymer (F127), this hierarchically nanoporous film has two distinct pore sizes of 200 nm and 7 nm. The 7-nm mesopores provide high surface area and thus high adsorption capacity for drug molecules, and the 200-nm macropores facilitate the adsorption rate of drug molecules, especially for molecules with comparable sizes to mesopores. Fluorescence measurement of rhodamine release demonstrates that this hierarchically porous film has a higher adsorption capacity, efficiency and much longer molecule releasing time window than both the inverse opal film and the mesoporous film. When loaded with Ampicillin, this hierarchically porous film shows over 8 times longer of inhibition of E. coli growth than both the inverse opal film and the mesoporous film. This simple and versatile process allows for fabrication of a variety of surface-coated, hierarchically nanoporous films with different chemical compositions and applications.
Influence of IL-3 functional fragment on cord blood stem cell ex vivo expansion and differentiation. (2016)

Our results identified two specific regions of rhIL-3 responsible for HSC proliferation and differentiation, which were located from 28 to 49 amino acids (P3), and 107 to 127 amino acids (P8), respectively. The short peptide 3 and 8 might act synergistically, which could serve as an economic substitute to rhIL-3 in research laboratory.
Analysis of the key technology on cloud storage (2010)

This paper put foreword a general architecture of cloud storage system, and discusses the key technologies. It is a new network storage services, cloud storage is an extension of the concept of cloud computing and developed a new concept. The architecture of cloud storage is based on it conception and the proposed hierarchical and the discussed key technologies involving data organization, virtual storage, Data Duplication, security, etc, etc. With the development of cloud computing and global data growth, it will get more attention and will be developed well.
A methodology for dynamic power consumption estimation using VHDL descriptions (2002)

Power consumption became an important feature to be considered in system implementations. This work presents a methodology for dynamic power consumption estimation using hardware descriptions written in VHDL; a library with information for transitions and power consumption for all components of the target library is created. A case study for the KASUMI cryptographic algorithm is reported. This algorithm was chosen to compose the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) security functions for mobile systems. Restrictions imposed by the 3GPP to the hardware implementation of the KASUMI cryptographic algorithm were analyzed and satisfied; our dynamic power consumption estimation methodology is used. Only CMOS technologies are discussed in this paper.