gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Common Breast Cancer Susceptibility Alleles and the Risk of Breast Cancer for <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> Mutation Carriers: Implications for Risk Prediction (2010)

The known breast cancer susceptibility polymorphisms in FGFR2, TNRC9/TOX3, MAP3K1, LSP1, and 2q35 confer increased risks of breast cancer for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. We evaluated the associations of 3 additional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs4973768 in SLC4A7/NEK10, rs6504950 in STXBP4/COX11, and rs10941679 at 5p12, and reanalyzed the previous associations using additional carriers in a sample of 12,525 BRCA1 and 7,409 BRCA2 carriers. Additionally, we investigated potential interactions between SNPs and assessed the implications for risk prediction. The minor alleles of rs4973768 and rs10941679 were associated with increased breast cancer risk for BRCA2 carriers (per-allele HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.18, P = 0.006 and HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19, P = 0.03, respectively). Neither SNP was associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 carriers, and rs6504950 was not associated with breast cancer for either BRCA1 or BRCA2 carriers. Of the 9 polymorphisms investigated, 7 were associated with breast cancer for BRCA2 carriers (FGFR2, TOX3, MAP3K1, LSP1, 2q35, SLC4A7, 5p12, P = 7 × 10(-11) - 0.03), but only TOX3 and 2q35 were associated with the risk for BRCA1 carriers (P = 0.0049, 0.03, respectively). All risk-associated polymorphisms appear to interact multiplicatively on breast cancer risk for mutation carriers. Based on the joint genotype distribution of the 7 risk-associated SNPs in BRCA2 mutation carriers, the 5% of BRCA2 carriers at highest risk (i.e., between 95th and 100th percentiles) were predicted to have a probability between 80% and 96% of developing breast cancer by age 80, compared with 42% to 50% for the 5% of carriers at lowest risk. Our findings indicated that these risk differences might be sufficient to influence the clinical management of mutation carriers.
<i>Superman</i>, a regulator of floral homeotic genes in<i>Arabidopsis</i> (1992)

We describe a locus, SUPERMAN, mutations in which result in extra stamens developing at the expense of the central carpels in the Arabidopsis thaliana flower. The development of superman flowers, from initial primordium to mature flower, is described by scanning electron microscopy. The development of doubly and triply mutant strains, constructed with superman alleles and previously identified homeotic mutations that cause alterations in floral organ identity, is also described. Essentially additive phenotypes are observed in superman agamous and superman apetala2 double mutants. The epistatic relationships observed between either apetala3 or pistillata and superman alleles suggest that the SUPERMAN gene product could be a regulator of these floral homeotic genes. To test this, the expression patterns of AGAMOUS and APETALA3 were examined in superman flowers. In wild-type flowers, APETALA3 expression is restricted to the second and third whorls where it is required for the specification of petals and stamens. In contrast, in superman flowers, APETALA3 expression expands to include most of the cells that would normally constitute the fourth whorl. This ectopic APETALA3 expression is proposed to be one of the causes of the development of the extra stamens in superman flowers. The spatial pattern of AGAMOUS expression remains unaltered in superman flowers as compared to wild-type flowers. Taken together these data indicate that one of the functions of the wild-type SUPERMAN gene product is to negatively regulate APETALA3 in the fourth whorl of the flower. In addition, superman mutants exhibit a loss of determinacy of the floral meristem, an effect that appears to be mediated by the APETALA3 and PISTILLATA gene products.
Suppression of advanced human prostate tumor growth in athymic mice by silibinin feeding is associated with reduced cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. (2003)

Recently, we observed that dietary feeding of silibinin strongly prevents and inhibits the growth of advanced human prostate tumor xenografts in athymic nude mice without any apparent signs of toxicity together with increased secretion of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 from the tumor in to mouse plasma (R. P. Singh et al., Cancer Res., 62:3063-3069, 2002). In the present study, we investigated the effect of silibinin feeding [0.05% and 0.1% (w/w) in diet for 60 days] on the prognostic biomarkers (namely, proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis) in the prostate tumor xenografts of the above-reported study. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumors for proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 showed that silibinin decreases proliferation index by 28-60% and 30-60% (P<0.001) as compared with their controls, respectively. In situ detection of apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP-mediated nick end labeling staining of tumors showed a 7.4-8.1-fold (P<0.001) increase in apoptotic cells in silibinin-fed groups over that of control group. Silibinin also increased activated caspase 3-positive cells by 2.3-3.6-fold (P<0.001). CD31 staining for tumor vasculature showed a significant decrease (21-38%; P<0.001) in tumor microvessel density in silibinin-fed groups of tumors as compared with control group of tumors. Tumor sections were also analyzed for vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 protein expression, and a slightly decreased and a moderately increased cytoplasmic immunostaining in silibinin-fed groups were observed as compared with the control group, respectively. Together, these results suggest that inhibition of advanced human prostate tumor xenograft growth in athymic nude mice by silibinin is associated with its in vivo antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and antiangiogenic efficacy in prostate tumor.
철근콘크리트 T형보의 전단 보강 특성에 관한 연구 (2012)

Most of studies on existing strengthening methods were mainly on increase of stiffness and strength of shear strengthening to rectangular beam. As concrete of beam and slab is poured simultaneously on the characteristics of construction in reinforced concrete beam-slab structure, adjacent slab uniformed after hardening has T-shaped beam cross section which makes the flange of beam, enhances the stiffness of the beam and widens the area supporting compressive strength, but available data of flexural behavior of T-shaped beam are lacking. In this research the T-shaped beams would be made, then the reinforced effects and structural properties can be estimated according to the kinds of reinforced materials and reinforced position. The conclusions are shown as below. To sum up the experimental results, The specimen which was reinforce by CB embedded inside of concrete indicated excellent resistive behavior, internal force and stiffness when it was destroyed. The steel plate reinforced specimen of stiffness and internal force were increase but it expressed lower reinforce effects because of lowering anchored force between concrete. Fiber sheet strengthening showed superior effects but the interfacial delamination was found due to the lack of anchored force in destruction. So the measure is needed now.
STAR, a sprawl tuned autonomous robot (2013)

This paper presents a six-legged, sprawl-tuned autonomous robot (STAR). This novel robot has a variable leg sprawl angle in the transverse plane to adapt its stiffness, height, and leg-to-surface contact angle. The sprawl angle can be varied from nearly positive 60 degrees to negative 90 degrees, enabling the robot to run in a planar configuration, upright, or inverted (see movie). STAR is fitted with spoke wheel-like legs which provide high electromechanical conversion efficiency and enable the robot to achieve legged performance over rough surfaces and obstacles, using a high sprawl angle, and nearly wheel-like performance over smooth surfaces for small sprawl angles. Our model and experiments show that the contact angle and normal contact forces are substantially reduced when the sprawl angle is low, and the velocity increases over smooth surfaces, with stable running at all velocities up to 5.2m/s and a Froude number of 9.8.
Huntington disease-linked restriction fragment length polymorphism localized within band p16.1 of chromosome 4 by in situ hybridization. (1986)

A 5.5-kilobase (kb) single sequence DNA fragment (G8) reveals the DNA polymorphic locus D4S10 on Southern blot analysis. This locus is closely linked to Huntington disease and has been mapped to chromosome 4 short arm using human-mouse somatic cell hybrids, and specifically to chromosome 4 band p16 using DNA from individuals with deletions of chromosome 4 short arm who exhibit Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. With in situ hybridization techniques, we have confirmed the location of D4S10 on chromosome 4 and further localized it within band p16 utilizing five patients, four with overlapping chromosome 4 short-arm aberrations. The DNA segment G8 was hybridized to the mataphase chromosomes of the five patients. Two of them have different interstitial deletions of one of the chromosome 4 short arms (TA and BA), two have different chromosome 4 short-arm terminal deletions (RG and DQ), and one has a normal male karyotype. By noting the presence or absence of hybridization to the partially deleted chromosomes with known precise breakpoints, we were able to more accurately localize probe G8 to the distal half of band p16.1 of chromosome 4.
The Absorption Spectra of Substituted Azoxybenzenes and the Additivity of the their Absorption Maxima (1962)

The ultraviolet and visable absorption spectra of trans, cis-azoxybenzene, substituted azoxybenzenes and their conjugate acids have been studied. The 320-350 main bands of free-base of azoxybenzenes are due to transition. These bands of their conjugate acids shown bathochromic shift into visible range. The following emperical relationship between absorption maxima of the main bands was found. This relationship in terms of wave number is also hold in good agreement.
Use of nitric oxide as a probe for assessing the formation of asymmetrical hemoglobin hybrids. An attempted comparison between alphaNObetaNOalphadeoxybetadeoxy, alpha2NObeta2deoxy, and alpha2deoxybeta2NO hybrids. (1978)

It has been recently demonstrated that some nitrosyl hemoglobin derivatives have different optical spectrum according to the nature of their quaternary structure (Cassoly, R. (1974) C. R. Seances Acad. Sci., Paris 278, 1417-1420; Salhany, J. M., Ogawa, S., and Shulman, R. G. (1974) Proc. Natl, Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71, 3359-3362; Cassoly, R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 98, 581-595). This property has been used in order to detect the presence of asymmetrical hybrids alphaNObetaNOalpha'O2beta'O2 in a mixture of the two hemoglobins alpha2NObeta2NO and alpha2'O2beta2'O2. When one changes, by deoxygenation, the conformation of the hybrid, there is a characteristic modification in the optical spectrum of the nitrosyl subunits. Quantitative analysis of this phenomenon shows that asymmetrical alphaNObetaNOalphadeoxybetadeoxy and symmetrical alpha2NObeta2deoxy hybrids have distinct properties. The structure-linked optical transition is different in rate and amplitude; it is faster and larger for the asymmetrical molecule. Carbon monoxide binding kinetics performed in absence of phosphate have also indicated that the allosteric equilibrium is more displaced in favor of the T state for alphaNObetaNOalphadeoxybetadeoxy by comparison with the symmetrical deoxygenated intermediates.
Securing Embedded Smart Cameras with Trusted Computing (2010)

Camera systems are used in many applications including video surveillance for crime prevention and investigation, traffic monitoring on highways or building monitoring and automation. With the shift from analog towards digital systems, the capabilities of cameras are constantly increasing. Today's smart camera systems come with considerable computing power, large memory, and wired or wireless communication interfaces. With onboard image processing and analysis capabilities, cameras not only open new possibilities but also raise new challenges. Often overlooked are potential security issues of the camera system. The increasing amount of software running on the cameras turns them into attractive targets for attackers. Therefore, the protection of camera devices and delivered data is of critical importance. In this work we present an embedded camera prototype that uses Trusted Computing to provide security guarantees for streamed videos. With a hardware-based security solution, we ensure integrity, authenticity, and confidentiality of videos. Furthermore, we incorporate image timestamping, detection of platform reboots, and reporting of the system status. This work is not limited to theoretical considerations but also describes the implementation of a prototype system. Extensive evaluation results illustrate the practical feasibility of the approach.
Identifying Points of Interest Using Heterogeneous Features (2014)

Deducing trip-related information from web-scale datasets has received large amounts of attention recently. Identifying points of interest (POIs) in geo-tagged photos is one of these problems. The problem can be viewed as a standard clustering problem of partitioning two-dimensional objects. In this work, we study spectral clustering, which is the first attempt for the identification of POIs. However, there is no unified approach to assigning the subjective clustering parameters, and these parameters vary immensely in different metropolitans and locations. To address this issue, we study a self-tuning technique that can properly determine the parameters for the clustering needed. Besides geographical information, web photos inherently store other rich information. Such heterogenous information can be used to enhance the identification accuracy. Thereby, we study a novel refinement framework that is based on the tightness and cohesion degree of the additional information. We thoroughly demonstrate our findings by web-scale datasets collected from Flickr.
Modelling of energy flow rotational grazing and potential productivity in an alpine meadow grazing ecosystem (2000)

The anthors are seeking, in this study, a rotational grazing scheme and an optimal grazing pressure for the alpine meadow husbandry by modeling an alpine meadow grazing ecosystem.
Steroids and related natural products. 69. Synthesis of 20(22)-dihydro-23-deoxodigitoxigenin (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroids and related natural products. 69. Synthesis of 20(22)-dihydro-23-deoxodigitoxigeninF. Warren Villaescusa and George R. PettitCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 4, 569–572Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00969a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00969a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views59Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kinetic studies of the reactions between isocyanates and carboxylic acids (1994)

Reaction kinetic studies between isocyanates and carboxylic acids were undertaken to evaluate the kinetic parameters. Various isocyanates (phenyl isocyanate, cyclohexyl isocyanate) and carboxylic acids (acetic acid, n-butyric acid, isobutyric acid, dimethylbutyric acid and benzoic acid) were used to study the kinetics of the reactions at different temperatures and in different solvents. It was found that these reactions followed the rate law of second-order reaction. From the Arrhenius plot, the activation energies of these reactions were computed.
Multipath detection with 3D digital maps for robust multi-constellation GNSS/INS vehicle localization in urban areas (2012)

Reliable knowledge of the ego position for vehicles is a crucial requirement for many automotive applications. In order to solve this problem for satellite-based localization in dense urban areas, multipath situations need to be handled carefully. This paper proposes a lightweight multipath detection algorithm which is based on dynamically built 3D environmental maps. The algorithm is evaluated with simulated and real-world data. Furthermore, it is applied to a combined GPS and GLONASS system in combination with a loosely coupled integration of odometry measurements from the vehicle.
Lipid Synthesis Is a Metabolic Liability of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2016)

The renaissance in the study of cancer metabolism has refocused efforts to identify and target metabolic dependencies of tumors as an approach for cancer therapy. One of the unique metabolic requirements that cancer cells possess to sustain their biosynthetic growth demands is altered fatty acid metabolism, in particular the synthesis of de novo fatty acids that are required as cellular building blocks to support cell division. Enhanced fatty acid synthesis that is observed in many tumor types has been postulated to open a therapeutic window for cancer therapy and, correspondingly, efforts to pharmacologically inhibit key enzymes of fatty acid synthesis are being pursued. However, despite these efforts, whether inhibition of fatty acid synthesis stunts tumor growth in vivo has been poorly understood. In this review, we focus on the recent evidence that pharmacologic inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the enzyme that regulates the rate-limiting step of de novo fatty acid synthesis, exposes a metabolic liability of non-small cell lung cancer and represses tumor growth in preclinical models.
Review. Book of French Verse. Lamartine to Eluard. Ed. with introd. and notes by P. Mansell Jones and G. Richardson (1965)

REVIEWS Get access A Book of French Verse. Lamartine to Éluard. Edited with introduction and notes by P. MANSELL JONES and G. RICHARDSON. Oxford: University Press. 1964. xiii + 268 pp. 18s. E. M. PHILLIPS E. M. PHILLIPS CHALFORD HILL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XIX, Issue 2, April 1965, Pages 216–218, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XIX.2.216 Published: 01 April 1965
European LeukemiaNet recommendations for the management of chronic myeloid leukemia: 2013 (2013)

Advances in chronic myeloid leukemia treatment, particularly regarding tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mandate regular updating of concepts and management. A European LeukemiaNet expert panel reviewed prior and new studies to update recommendations made in 2009. We recommend as initial treatment imatinib, nilotinib, or dasatinib. Response is assessed with standardized real quantitative polymerase chain reaction and/or cytogenetics at 3, 6, and 12 months. BCR-ABL1 transcript levels ≤10% at 3 months, <1% at 6 months, and ≤0.1% from 12 months onward define optimal response, whereas >10% at 6 months and >1% from 12 months onward define failure, mandating a change in treatment. Similarly, partial cytogenetic response (PCyR) at 3 months and complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) from 6 months onward define optimal response, whereas no CyR (Philadelphia chromosome-positive [Ph+] >95%) at 3 months, less than PCyR at 6 months, and less than CCyR from 12 months onward define failure. Between optimal and failure, there is an intermediate warning zone requiring more frequent monitoring. Similar definitions are provided for response to second-line therapy. Specific recommendations are made for patients in the accelerated and blastic phases, and for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Optimal responders should continue therapy indefinitely, with careful surveillance, or they can be enrolled in controlled studies of treatment discontinuation once a deeper molecular response is achieved.
Reducing data dimensionality through optimizing neural network inputs (1995)

Abstract A neural network method for reducing data dimensionality based on the concept of input training, in which each input pattern is not fixed but adjusted along with internal network parameters to reproduce its corresponding output pattern, is presented. With input adjustment, a property configured network can be trained to reproduce a given data set with minimum distortion; the trained network inputs provide reduced data. A three‐layer network with input training can perform all functions of a flue‐layer autoassociative network, essentially capturing nonlinear correlations among data. In addition, simultaneous training of a network and its inputs is shown to be significantly more efficient in reducing data dimensionality than training an autoassociative network The concept of input training is closely related to principal component analysis (PCA) and the principal curve method, which is a nonlinear extension of PCA.
Stress in ion-implanted CVD Si3N4 films (1977)

The compressive stress buildup caused in chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) Si3N4 films by ion implantation is shown to be caused entirely by atomic collision effects, ionization effects being unimportant. The stress introduction rate is shown to be independent of CVD processing variables and O content of the film. The maximum attainable compressive stress change is 3.5×1010 dyn/cm2, resulting in a maximum net compressive stress of 2×1010 dyn/cm2 for films on Si where the as-deposited films inherently have 1.5×1010 dyn/cm2 tensile stress before ion implantation. Results are presented which show that O in the films inhibits thermal annealing of the ion-implantation-induced compressive stress. Results for introduction rate and annealing effects are presented in normalized form so that workers can use the effects for intentional stress level adjustment in the films to reduce probability of cracking and detachment.
Posturography and Risk of Recurrent Falls in Healthy Non-Institutionalized Persons Aged Over 65 (2006)

In a sample of non-institutionalized older persons aged over 65, posturographic evaluation by the SOT, especially with repetition of the same task in sensory conflicting condition, compared to the clinical tests and the static and dynamic posturographic test, appears to be a more sensitive tool to identify those at high-risk of recurrent falls.