gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Injection Pressures for Geomechanical Enhancement of Recovery Processes in the Athabasca Oil Sands (2002)

Abstract This paper describes a geomechanical approach to the determination of injection pressures that will result in formation shearing within the Athabasca oil sands. The enhancement of in situ permeabilities, resulting from shearing, is a beneficial phenomenon and often an essential prerequisite of many successful in situ recovery processes. This geomechanical analysis is based upon the general geological setting in the Athabasca oil sands, observations made from field data, published laboratory data, and geomechanical principles. The first objective was to estimate the existing stress state in the rock. This determination was based on elastic theory and tectonics, and fitted to field measurements of the minimum in situ stress from minifrac tests in the Athabasca oil sands. The methodology also calculates the maximum horizontal stress, a parameter that is extremely difficult to measure, yet is an important parameter for most stress analyses. The resultant stress anisotropy creates the potential for formation shearing; a potential that is unleashed once the effective stresses are sufficiently reduced with high injection pressures. Lastly, the amounts by which injection pressures must be increased for shear failure are provided, assuming typical values of formation strength. The analysis begins with a determination of the minimum in situ stress, as a function of depth. This is the fracture closure pressure that is a useful parameter in determining fracture treatment pressures, fracture containment, and fracture orientation. The associated tectonic strain is used to calculate the maximum horizontal stress. Using the maximum and minimum stresses, the injection pressure at which extensive shearing will occur is calculated. This is the geomechanical optimum operating pressure. While other considerations may favour a lower operating pressure, recovery processes that rely upon high in situ permeabilities may not be viable at lower injection pressures. The methodology presented is applicable to other regions.
Generative Adversarial Network based on Resnet for Conditional Image Restoration (2017)

The GANs promote an adversarive game to approximate complex and jointed example probability. The networks driven by noise generate fake examples to approximate realistic data distributions. Later the conditional GAN merges prior-conditions as input in order to transfer attribute vectors to the corresponding data. However, the CGAN is not designed to deal with the high dimension conditions since indirect guide of the learning is inefficiency. In this paper, we proposed a network ResGAN to generate fine images in terms of extremely degenerated images. The coarse images aligned to attributes are embedded as the generator inputs and classifier labels. In generative network, a straight path similar to the Resnet is cohered to directly transfer the coarse images to the higher layers. And adversarial training is circularly implemented to prevent degeneration of the generated images. Experimental results of applying the ResGAN to datasets MNIST, CIFAR10/100 and CELEBA show its higher accuracy to the state-of-art GANs.
Effect of simethicone on gastrointestinal function after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients (2019)

Objective
To observe the effectiveness of simethicone on gastrointestinal functional rehabilitation after laparoscopic operation of obese patients.


Methods
25 obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy were treated as therapy pair,another 25 obese patients undergoing the same operation were selected as the comparison pair. The patients in the therapy pair received simethicone after surgery, while the patients in the control group did not receive simethicone.


Results
The degree of abdominal distension,nausea and vomiting were more mild in the experimental group, and anal exhaust time ceased earlier than the control group.


Conclusions
For obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, simethicone can effectively promote the recovery of intestinal function after surgery.


Key words: 
Obesity; Simethicone; Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; Gastrointestinal function
Amino Sugar Sensitivity in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Mutants Unable to Grow on <i>N</i> -Acetylglucosamine (1970)

Studies were conducted on two mutants of Escherichia coli that lack either glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase or N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase and which accumulate glucosamine-6-phosphate or N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate, respectively, when grown in the presence of N-acetylglucosamine. The addition of 10(-4) to 10(-5)mN-acetylglucosamine to these mutant strains caused a rapid and complete inhibition of growth on substrates that enter the catabolic pathways at or below the level of fructose-6-phosphate. Growth on glucose was inhibited to a lesser degree, whereas only minor inhibition occurred when the pentoses were used as substrates. Growth on gluconate was found to be totally unaffected by these levels of N-acetylglucosamine. The objective of this investigation was to determine the nature of this "amino sugar sensitivity" phenomenon and the conditions under which it could be overcome. It was found that this amino sugar sensitivity was abolished when an exogenous source of pentose such as uridine was included in the culture medium. Experiments are described indicating that the accumulated amino sugar phosphate metabolites interfere with an early step in hexose metabolism of both mutants, resulting in a pentose deficiency and consequent inhibition of growth on certain substrates.
Interferon Production by Human Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines of Different Origins (1981)

150 lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from normal individuals or from subjects with various clinical conditions were induced to form interferon by treatment with Sendai virus. Irrespective of the status of the donor, most of the lines produced some interferon and 22 produced considerable amounts (more than 3000 international units/ml). Lines derived from infectious mononucleosis patients were good interferon producers while those from leukaemic donors were poor producers. The data suggest that the clinical conditions of the donor and the source of transforming virus may influence the quantity of interferon produced by a given cell line.
EA-1, a novel adhesion molecule involved in the homing of progenitor T lymphocytes to the thymus. (1991)

The mouse progenitor T lymphocyte (pro-T) cell line FTF1 binds in vitro to thymus blood vessels, the thymic capsule, and liver from newborn mice. A mAb, EA-1, raised against an embryonic mouse endothelial cell line, blocked adhesion. The antibody also interfered with pro-T cell adhesion to a thymus-derived mouse endothelial cell line; it had no effect on the adhesion of mature T lymphocytes and myeloid cells. The antigen recognized by EA-1 is located on the vascular endothelium of various mouse tissues and absent on pro-T cells. EA-1 antibody precipitates molecules with apparent molecular weights of 110,000, 140,000, 160,000, and 200,000. Immunoclearing and binding-inhibition studies with antibodies against known adhesion molecules suggest that the EA-1 antigen is a novel adhesion molecule involved in colonization of the embryonic thymus by T cell progenitors.
Assessment of a selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (L-653,180) as therapy for experimental recurrent genital herpes (1992)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-coded thymidine kinase (TK) is important in efficient reactivation of latent infection. These studies were designed to investigate whether treatment of latently infected animals with a TK inhibitor altered the natural history of recurrent HSV disease. 9-([(Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methyl) guanine (L-653,180) is a potent and selective nonsubstrate inhibitor of HSV TK which can suppress or delay reactivation of HSV-1 from latently infected cells in vitro without affecting viral replication. In an initial study, six female Hartley guinea pigs were treated with L-653,180 in their diet (25 mg/30 g of food) and water (300 mg/liter) for 7 days. Blood, urine, kidney, liver, spinal cord, and cerebral cortex specimens were collected. L-653,180 was detected in all specimens at concentrations which, although low, were higher than the in vitro 50% inhibitory concentration of the drug against HSV TK. In the second study, 20 female Hartley guinea pigs were randomized into two groups following recovery from primary genital HSV-2 infection. One group received L-653,180 in diet and water for 4 weeks beginning 21 days postinoculation. Animals were examined daily for recurrent lesions for 10 weeks. Treated animals experienced fewer recurrences during the treatment period but the results were not significantly different from results with controls. During the first 2-week posttreatment period, L-653,180-treated animals had significantly fewer recurrences than control animals (P = 0.02). Over the entire 10-week observation period, treated animals experienced fewer recurrences (P = 0.06). These results suggest that inhibitors of viral TK may be useful in limiting reactivation of latent virus and thus recurrent infections. In these experiments, the amount of drug that could be administered to the animals was limited by its poor solubility. Further studies with more potent and soluble inhibitors of HSV TK appear to be warranted.
Stedim 6® and Clearflex®, two new multilayer materials for infusion containers. Comparative study of their compatibility with five drugs versus glass flasks and polyvinyl chloride bags (1996)

Stedim 6 and Clearflex, two new polyethylene-lined materials for infusion bags, were studied for their compatibility with disodium clodronate, chlorpromazine and maprotiline hydrochlorides, diazepam, and clorazepate dipotassium salt, comparatively with borosilicate glass flasks and polyvinyl chloride bags. Diazepam, the only drug to exhibit a marked sorption in PVC bags (the loss reached 25% of the initial concentration after a contact duration of 72 h), showed lower sorption in Stedim 6 bags (loss about 11% under the same conditions) and none in Clearflex bags. No significant difference was observed between the infusion solutions used as vehicles of the drugs (5% dextrose and 0.9% sodium chloride isotonic solutions). The results are discussed in terms of lipophilicity of the drugs and crystallinity of the polymers.
Domain inversion in heat-treated LiNbO3 crystals (1993)

A new microscopic mechanism of a domain reversal in outdiffused LiNbO3 is proposed. Computer results are in good agreement with experimental data.
Fault-tolerant protection of near-term trapped-ion topological qubits under realistic noise sources (2019)

Taking into account an increasingly realistic noise model, a low-resource toolbox of fault-tolerant quantum error detection and correction scheme is provided. By extensive numerical simulations, a thorough microscopic characterization is performed, showing that a flag-qubit-based approach can significantly boost the performance of a trapped-ion processor.
Photoinduced Motions in Azo-Containing Polymers (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoinduced Motions in Azo-Containing PolymersAlmeria Natansohn and Paul RochonView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada Department of Physics, Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario, K7K 5L0, Canada Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 11, 4139–4176Publication Date (Web):October 17, 2002Publication History Received26 December 2001Published online17 October 2002Published inissue 1 November 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr970155yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr970155yresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views14023Altmetric-Citations2029LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Azobenzene,Light,Liquid crystals,Liquids,Polymers Get e-Alerts
High efficiency in ‘‘semithermal’’ solar energy converters (1983)

A photonic device in which the excited carriers thermally equilibrate both among themselves and with the lattice, but maintain distinct chemical potentials in the ground and excited bands, has the same high ideal efficiency as a converter in which only the carriers are hot. Because the hot carriers need only be removed from the absorber faster than band-to-band transitions, such a ‘‘semithermal’’ device should be more practical than devices in which carriers may not equilibrate with the lattice.
Cyclin A Expression in Normal and Transformed Alveolar Epithelial Cells (1993)

Abstract The mature adult alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) is a highly differentiated phenotype that does not readily divide and exhibits numerous specialized functions. Yet, transformed AEC proliferate agressively in certain forms of lung cancer. Normal AEC also proliferate but in a coordinated manner during embryonic growth and fetal development as well as during lung repair. Therefore, biochemical mechanisms regulating the cell cycle in AEC are clearly of fundamental significance for understanding lung development, lung injury, and cancer. Cyclin A is a protein that varies in abundance during the cell cycle and regulates critical transition points through its association with cyclin-dependent protein kinase subunits. We postulated that high expression of cyclin A might be associated with rapid proliferation in transformed AEC. We compared the expression of cyclin A mRNA and protein in primary cultures of fetal and adult rat AEC, in the E1A-T2 neonatal rat AEC, and in the malignant A549 human AEC. We used pharmacologic blockades with mimosine, aphidicolin, and nocodazole for cell cycle synchronization, which was verified by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis of cellular DNA content. Transformed cells (A549 and E1A-T2) exhibited a much higher level of expression for both cyclin A mRNA and protein than did normal rat AEC. Induction of cyclin A mRNA expression in A549 human AEC and E1A-T2 rat AEC occurred in late G1, prior to the onset of S phase. Fetal and adult rat AEC and rat E1A-T2 AEC expressed two cyclin A mRNA transcripts, whereas human A549 cells in S phase and M phase expressed three cyclin A mRNA transcripts. We conclude that transformed AEC overexpress cyclin A in comparison with primary AEC cultures, while retaining cell cycle-dependent differences in cyclin A expression. We speculate that cyclin A expression is regulated both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and that cyclin A may play a key role in the increased proliferation of transformed AEC that is associated with the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
Reconfigurable intelligent optical backplane for parallel computing and communications (1996)

A reconfigurable intelligent optical backplane architecture for parallel computing and communications is described. The backplane consists of a large number of reconfigurable optical channels organized in a ring with relatively simple point-to-point optical interconnections between neighboring smart-pixel arrays. The intelligent backplane can implement (l) dynamically reconfigurable connections between any printed circuit boards, (2) dynamic embeddings of classical interconnection networks such as buses, rings, multidimensional meshes, hypercubes, shuffles, and crossbars, (3) multipoint switching, (4) sorting, (5) parallel-prefix operations, (6) pattern-matching operations, (7) snoopy caches and intelligent memory systems, and (8) media-access control functions. The smart-pixel arrays can be enhanced to include more complex functions, such as queuing and routing, as the technologies mature. Descriptions of the architecture and the smart-pixel arrays and discussions of the system cost, availability, and performance are included.
Photoelectrochemical Properties of Nano- to Microstructured ZnO Electrodes (2001)

The photoelectrochem. properties of ZnO electrodes were studied in the near-UV region. Studies were carried out on electrodes with different morphologies, porosities, and film thicknesses to probe the influence of these parameters on the photoelectrochem. characteristics. The highest incident photon-to-current conversion efficiencies of 90 and 30% for illumination through the conducting substrate and directly on the ZnO, resp., were obtained with a 8 Î¼m thick ZnO film consisting of 150 nm spherical particles. For this system, no significant decrease in the photocurrent due to addn. of iodine or oxygen to the electrolyte was found. The electron losses from the conduction band of the ZnO electrodes are restricted to the zone of charge-carrier generation.
Applications of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy by Collaborative Virtual Environments (2006)

In this paper,we construct a cooperative virtual environment based on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Virtual Reality.Based on this,we describe the framework of a collaborative virtual environments based VRET sys-tem.Then,some related required techniques are emphasized in the end of the paper.
Cardiac Injury Protection from Mouse Bone Marrow Stromal Cells with In Utero Transplantation Followed by Secondary Postnatal Boost (2011)

Limited donor-cell engraftment to the injured tissue restricts therapeutic efficacy of stem cell transplantation. Herein, we proposed an alternative strategy by using in utero transplantation (IUT) to create mixed-chimerism environment in recipients and to facilitate donor-cell engraftment followed by postnatal secondary boost with the same cells. Mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were used as the xenogenic donor cells and given into rat fetus as an early exposure of IUT treatment. The engraftment potential was analyzed for the presence of BMSCs by flow cytometry or PCR in recipient tissues. The function of a second boost of mouse BMSCs, in terms of cardioprotection, was tested by given 1×10⁶ cells to rat IUT hearts with ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury that was induced by a 45 min of left coronary ligation and released for 72 h. Mouse BMSCs demonstrated an immunosuppressive effect when mixed with mouse or rat lymphocytes. IUT treatment only caused few BMSCs engrafted to fetal (embryonic day 20) and adult (4 weeks after birth) rat organs including heart, but engraftment was increased in hearts of the IUT rats after second boost. This was coincided with attenuation of cardiac injury caused by IR. Interestingly, an up-regulation of CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) was seen when BMSCs were exposed to hypoxia. This indicates that enhanced engraftment of mouse BMSCs to post-ischemic rat hearts possibly is dependent on CXCR4. Moreover, results of flow cytometry demonstrated that the presence of CD34⁺ cells in rat IUT hearts with IR injury was increased. These observations suggest that enhanced engraftment of donor BMSCs to rat IR hearts by CXCR4 may recruit endogenous CD34⁺ cells of recipients which in turn protects heart against IR. This also supports the notion of fetal preconditioning with BMSC enhances the efficiency of progenitor cell-mediated organ protection after a postnatal second boost in xeno-transplantation.
Model tracking for video-based virtual reality (2002)

This paper presents a technique for tracking complex objects (both polyhedral and smooth boundaries) in a monocular sequence. Our aim is to use this model tracking method in an augmented reality context to compute the pose of a real object to be able to register it with a synthetic one. A scalar score function for an object pose is defined, based on the local image gradient along the projected model boundaries. A local search is then carried out in the configuration space of the pose to maximize the score. This technique is robust to occlusions, since the whole object contour is used, not just a few control points. The proposed method is effective yet simple. No image feature extraction is necessary and no complex temporal evolution is used. Experimental results with a real sequence show the good performance of our technique.
Working with the new banding (1993)

Far from leading to practice nurse redundancies, the new health promotion bandings should provide opportunities for nurses to prove their worth, argues Mark Jones
Adaptive Explainable Neural Networks (AxNNs) (2020)

While machine learning techniques have been successfully applied in several fields, the black-box nature of the models presents challenges for interpreting and explaining the results. We develop a new framework called Adaptive Explainable Neural Networks (AxNN) for achieving the dual goals of good predictive performance and model interpretability. For predictive performance, we build a structured neural network made up of ensembles of generalized additive model networks and additive index models (through explainable neural networks) using a two-stage process. This can be done using either a boosting or a stacking ensemble. For interpretability, we show how to decompose the results of AxNN into main effects and higher-order interaction effects. The computations are inherited from Google's open source tool AdaNet and can be efficiently accelerated by training with distributed computing. The results are illustrated on simulated and real datasets.
Electrochemical sensor prepared from molecularly imprinted polymer for recognition of TNT (2014)

We report herein an effective strategy for recognizing of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT) molecules at the surface of graphene polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites. The imprinted template was synthesized using picric acid as a template analogue for the explosive. The recognition sites were generated by the extraction of the imprinting template from GN‐PANI‐molecularly imprinted polymer film. The morphology of preparing films was investigated using scanning electronic microscopy images. The differential pulse voltammograms and cyclic voltammograms were used for TNT detection. The results reported here could form the basis of a new strategy for preparing various polymer‐coating layers on PANI supports and the molecular imprinting techniques discussed could also find applications in the fields of separation and environmental monitoring. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:1280–1285, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers
Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs single quantum well structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on misoriented substrates (1986)

In many instances the intrinsic photoluminescence at low temperatures of (Al,Ga)As/GaAs single quantum well structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy is weak and broad, unlike the case for most multiple quantum well structures. This is believed to be due to the microscopic roughness of the first GaAs-on-top-of-(Al,Ga)As interface. By using substrates misoriented appropriately from nominal (100) such that Al0.3Ga0.7As barrier layers with smooth surface morphology could be obtained at a growth temperature of 650 °C, we have grown structures with a single 100-Å-wide GaAs well. The structures grown on misoriented substrates showed stronger and sharper (as narrow as 1.8 meV) intrinsic emission peaks at 4.2 K. The improvement is believed to be due to the growth of smoother interfaces.