gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal Assignment of Three Novel Mouse Genes Expressed in Testicular Cells (1994)

The chromosomal positions of three genes that are selectively expressed in mouse testis cells have been identified. These genes include (i) TAZ83, which codes for an early- to mid-pachytene germ cell stage-expressed, cysteine-rich transmembrane protein (cyritestin) with homologies to various snake toxins and guinea pig sperm-egg fusion proteins; (ii) TNZ1, which is expressed in neonatal Leydig cells; and (iii) TAZ4, a testis-specific gene isolated by immunoscreening with antiserum raised against Sertoli cell membranes. Our experimental data, derived from chromosomal in situ hybridizations and RFLP studies of genetic backcrosses, indicate that (i) the TAZ83 (cyritestin) gene maps to chromosome 8, band A2, near the Plat locus; (ii) TNZ1 is located in the proximal region of chromosome 11; and (iii) TAZ4 is located at band D in the distal portion of chromosome 11, near the Hlr1 locus, with a related sequence, TAZ4-rs1 , in the proximal part of chromosome 1.
Current Topics in Liquid-Crystalline Polymers (1990)

This chapter provides an overview of current researches on liquid crystalline polymers (LCP's). Topics include syntheses of main-chain and side-chain LCP's, structured characterization of LCP's and LCP networks and rheology and processing. Applications of LCP/polymer blends as self-reinforced polymers and electro-optical meterials are also discussed.
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: Regulation by Hormones, Cytokines, and Growth Factors (1994)

Levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocyte-specific intermediate filament protein, are altered during development and aging, GFAP also responds dynamically to neurodegenerative lesions. Changes in GFAP expression can occur at both transcriptional and translational levels. Modulators of GFAP expression include steroids, cytokines, and growth factors. GFAP expression also shows brain region-specific responses to sex steroids and of astrocyte-neuronal interactions. The 5'-upstream sequences of rat, mouse, and human are compared for the presence of response elements that are candidates for transcriptional regulation of GFAP. We propose that the regulation of the GFAP gene has evolved a system of controls that allow integrated responses to neuroendocrine and inflammatory modulators.
Experiments on deep learning for speech denoising (2014)

In this paper we present some experiments using a deep learning model for speech denoising. We propose a very lightweight procedure that can predict clean speech spectra when presented with noisy speech inputs, and we show how various parameter choices impact the quality of the denoised signal. Through our experiments we conclude that such a structure can perform better than some comparable single-channel approaches and that it is able to generalize well across various speakers, noise types and signal-to-noise ratios.
Induction of Plantaricin Production in<i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>NC8 after Coculture with Specific Gram-Positive Bacteria Is Mediated by an Autoinduction Mechanism (2004)

Plantaricin NC8 (PLNC8), a coculture-inducible two-peptide bacteriocin from Lactobacillus plantarum NC8, has recently been purified and genetically characterized. Analysis of an 8.1-kb NC8 DNA region downstream of the PLNC8 operon revealed the presence of at least four operons involved in bacteriocin production, showing high homology to the plantaricin cluster in L. plantarum C11. However, we found a three-component regulatory operon involving a quorum-sensing mechanism. Two of these components, the induction factor (PLNC8IF) and the histidine kinase, are novel, while the response regulator is identical to PlnD from C11. Homologous expression of plNC8IF in NC8 allowed constitutive bacteriocin production. Heterologous expression of this gene in Lactococcus lactis MG1363 produced supernatants which promoted bacteriocin production in NC8. Reverse transcription-PCR studies indicated that cocultivation of NC8 with inducing cells promoted transcription of the bacteriocin and regulatory operons in NC8. An identical result was obtained after addition of an external source of PLNC8IF. We propose that the presence of specific bacteria could act as an environmental signal that is able to switch on bacteriocin production in L. plantarum NC8 via a quorum-sensing mechanism mediated by PLNC8IF.
Deuil et narration à partir du malade en phase terminale. Repères anthropologiques et philosophiques pour l'accompagnement des personnes en fin de vie et en deuil (2020)

Title: Bereavement and narration from the terminally ill person. Anthropologic and philosophic marks for accompaniment of people in mourning and the end of the live. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the process of bereavement and the end of life, with the intention of seeking skills to assist grieved and dying people. Indeed, bereavement is considered as a process, moment, experience or reaction facing significant loss or death of someone we love. It is the emotional reaction of the loss we feel when we lose someone or something whom we love deeply. It is not limited to death, because the loss can concern limbs of the body, job worries, broken marriages, friends, etc. Bereavement is the sense of loss and grief we feel after the death of a loved person. This event is the most intense emotional experience and greatest source of sadness in human life. When we lose someone we love, we lose part of ourselves. If we generally talk about mourning after someone’s death, we can also experience certain types of grief before the death of someone. This is the anticipatory mourning, the grief of a dying person. Nowadays, dying is converted into a large process which is medicated to prolong the agony of the dying person. Therefore, what could we do to help grieved and dying persons? What could we do when there is nothing to do? This is my concern and the main aim of my reflection. Nowadays, palliative care to provide comfort to the patient and provide quality of life, while reducing pain are the most common means of assisting those who are dying. But other people prefer euthanasia or assisted suicide. What opinion do we have about these practices? Besides these practices to ease the end of life, we can also think about narrative mechanism in order to search certain type of survival. Because death is a natural event in life; we have to accept it and prepare ourselves when it is an incurable illness. In my reflection, I use bereavement in the same way Sigmund Freud used it to study the problem of melancholy. The grief is a canal and paradigm to analyze the end of life. My reflection is divided into three parts: bereavement and its representation and conceptualization, the end of life and its accompanying narrative and the means of survival through the dying process.
Highly efficient photochemical upconversion in a quasi-solid organogel (2014)

Photochemical upconversion in a quasi-solid gel proceeds with an identical efficiency to an otherwise identical liquid composition.
A CMOS Image Sensor for DNA Microarrays (2007)

An image sensor designed with standard 0.18μm CMOS technology is used to construct a DNA microarray scanner. The detection limit of 4590 fluorophores/μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is compared with 4.49 fluorophores/μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of a commercial photomultiplier-tube-based microarray scanner. The performance gap can be reduced by improving optical coupling, mechanical alignment, laser power supply noise, improved circuit noise and an increase in the conversion gain. The CMOS sensor offers multiple-pixels for reduced scan time and an integrated analog-to-digital converter.
Wavelength dependence of photorefractive effect in Ti-indiffused LiNbO3 waveguides (1989)

A novel method of measuring the photorefractive sensitivity of Ti-diffused channel waveguides in lithium niobate is proposed and demonstrated. It is suited for quantifying the dependence of the photorefractive sensitivity on the irradiation beam wavelength. From measurements at various irradiation intensities and wavelengths 0.633, 0.81, and 1.06 μm, we give an estimate of the crosstalk of a directional coupler as a function of irradiation intensity and wavelength.
Site-specific non-LTR retrotransposons (2015)

ABSTRACT Although most of non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons are incorporated in the host genome almost randomly, some non-LTR retrotransposons are incorporated into specific sequences within a target site. On the basis of structural and phylogenetic features, non-LTR retrotransposons are classified into two large groups, restriction enzyme-like endonuclease (RLE)-encoding elements and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE)-encoding elements. All clades of RLE-encoding non-LTR retrotransposons include site-specific elements. However, only two of more than 20 APE-encoding clades, Tx1 and R1, contain site-specific non-LTR elements. Site-specific non-LTR retrotransposons usually target within multi-copy RNA genes, such as rRNA gene (rDNA) clusters, or repetitive genomic sequences, such as telomeric repeats; this behavior may be a symbiotic strategy to reduce the damage to the host genome. Site- and sequence-specificity are variable even among closely related non-LTR elements and appeared to have changed during evolution. In the APE-encoding elements, the primary determinant of the sequence- specific integration is APE itself, which nicks one strand of the target DNA during the initiation of target primed reverse transcription (TPRT). However, other factors, such as interaction between mRNA and the target DNA, and access to the target region in the nuclei also affect the sequence-specificity. In contrast, in the RLE-encoding elements, DNA-binding motifs appear to affect their sequence-specificity, rather than the RLE domain itself. Highly specific integration properties of these site-specific non-LTR elements make them ideal alternative tools for sequence-specific gene delivery, particularly for therapeutic purposes in human diseases.
Comparing Static Gantt and Mosaic Charts for Visualization of Task Schedules (2011)

A mosaic chart has been proposed for representation of events on a timeline. While early studies demonstrated the effectiveness of mosaics in supporting visualization of multimedia records on a meeting browser, the usability of mosaics as a static timeline visualization has not been studied in more general settings. This paper investigates the use of the mosaic charts for visualization of project schedules. A user study was conducted to compare a building project schedule encoded alternatively as a mosaic or as a Gantt chart. Although the study focused on static graphs, for which the Gantt technique is usually very effective, results showed that the users were as fast and accurate at answering the questions using the mosaic representation as they were using Gantt charts. The analysis and experiment indicated algorithmic, space-filling and interpretation limitations of the mosaic technique. We suggest possible design improvements to overcome some of these limitations.
Preliminary report of a pilot study of photoradiation therapy for the treatment of superficial malignancies of the skin, head and neck. (1985)

Within the past few years photoradiation therapy has emerged as a promising new treatment for many forms of localized malignant disease and a number of clinical trials are now in progress. The pilot study described in this paper is the first clinical trial of photoradiation therapy to be carried out in Great Britain. Although it is not possible to draw significant conclusions from the results obtained, it has been shown that all the tumours responded to treatment and in four patients who had tumours which were suitable for photoradiation therapy, complete tumour regression was obtained. Further trials are in progress and others are planned in a number of centres.
Diagnostic segregation of human brain tumours using Fourier-transform infrared and/or Raman spectroscopy coupled with discriminant analysis (2012)

The most common initial treatment received by patients with a brain tumour is surgical removal of the growth. Precise histopathological diagnosis of brain tumours is to some extent subjective. Furthermore, currently available diagnostic imaging techniques to delineate the excision border during cytoreductive surgery lack the required spatial precision to aid surgeons. We set out to determine whether infrared (IR) and/or Raman spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis could be applied to discriminate between normal brain tissue and different tumour types (meningioma, glioma and brain metastasis) based on the unique spectral "fingerprints" of their biochemical composition. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of normal brain and different brain tumours were de-waxed, mounted on low-E slides and desiccated before being analyzed using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform IR (ATR-FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showed a clear segregation between normal and different tumour subtypes. Discrimination of tumour classes was also apparent with Raman spectroscopy. Further analysis of spectral data revealed changes in brain biochemical structure associated with different tumours. Decreased tentatively-assigned lipid-to-protein ratio was associated with increased tumour progression. Alteration in cholesterol esters-to-phenylalanine ratio was evident in grade IV glioma and metastatic tumours. The current study indicates that IR and/or Raman spectroscopy have the potential to provide a novel diagnostic approach in the accurate diagnosis of brain tumours and have potential for application in intra-operative diagnosis.
An 8-GS/s 200-MHz Bandwidth 68-mW $\Delta\Sigma$ DAC in 65-nm CMOS (2013)

This brief presents an 8-GS/s 12-bit input ΔΣ digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with 200-MHz bandwidth in 65-nm CMOS. The high sampling rate is achieved by a two-channel interleaved MASH 1-1 digital ΔΣ modulator with 3-bit output, resulting in a highly digital DAC with only seven current cells. The two-channel interleaving allows the use of a single clock for both the logic and the final multiplexing. This requires each channel to operate at half the sampling rate, which is enabled by a high-speed pipelined MASH structure with robust static logic. Measurement results show that the DAC achieves 200-MHz bandwidth, 26-dB SNDR, and -57-dBc IMD3, with a power consumption of 68 mW at 1-V digital and 1.2-V analog supplies. This architecture shows potential for use in transmitter baseband for wideband wireless communication.
A human cytomegalovirus early promoter with upstream negative and positive cis-acting elements: IE2 negates the effect of the negative element, and NF-Y binds to the positive element (1994)

The human cytomegalovirus early promoter for the UL4 gene, which codes for an early viral envelope glycoprotein designated gpUL4, requires immediate-early viral protein two (IE2) synthesis to be activated (C.-P. Chang, C. L. Malone, and M. F. Stinski, J. Virol. 63:281, 1989). We investigated the cis-acting and trans-acting factors that regulate transcription from this UL4 promoter. In transient transfection assays, the viral IE2 protein negated the effect of an upstream cis-acting negative element and enhanced downstream gene expression. A cis-acting positive element contributed to the activity of the viral promoter when an upstream cis-acting negative element was deleted or when the viral IE2 protein was present. The cellular protein(s) that binds to the cis-acting negative element requires further investigation. The cellular protein that binds to the cis-acting positive element was characterized. Two DNA sequence-specific protein complexes were detected with DNA probes spanning the region containing the cis-acting positive element and human cytomegalovirus-infected human fibroblast cell nuclear extracts. The more slowly migrating complex was labeled complex A, and the faster was labeled complex B. Only complex B was detected with mock-infected cell nuclear extracts. Competition experiments confirmed the specificity of the A and B complexes. The protein bound to the DNA in both the complexes contacts a CCAAT box imperfect dyad symmetry (5'CCAATCACTGG3'). Either CCAAT box within the dyad symmetry could compete for binding the nuclear factor. Mutation of the CCAAT box dyad symmetry resulted in a decrease of the transcriptional activity from the UL4 promoter. A cellular transcription factor, antigenically related to nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y), was found in both complexes A and B. Events associated with viral infection caused phosphorylation of protein complex A. Dephosphorylation of the DNA-binding protein converts complex A to complex B. The effect of phosphorylation of NF-Y is not known.
Phenotypic Screening with Oleaginous Microalgae Reveals Modulators of Lipid Productivity (2013)

Here we describe the first phenotypic screening with microalgae to study lipid metabolism and to discover organic small molecules as chemical triggers that increase growth and lipid production. A microplate assay has been developed for analysis of intracellular lipids using Nile Red fluorescence in order to screen a collection of diverse bioactive organic molecules (e.g., kinase inhibitors) with four strains of oleaginous microalgae (Nannochloropsis salina, Nannochloropsis oculata, Nannochloris sp., and Phaeodactylum tricornutum). Several small molecules identified in microplate screening increased lipid productivity >200% without decreasing growth and biomass production. Selected compounds were further investigated in the context of larger batch culture experiments (e.g., 500 mL) and demonstrated to increase lipid levels (up to 84%) while maintaining or increasing the specific growth rate. Bioactive molecules such as forskolin and quinacrine were identified as promising probes of microalgae lipid pathways. We have also determined that common antioxidants such as epigallocatechin gallate and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) increase lipid productivity and may represent new probes of oxidative signaling pathways for photooxidative protection.
Emollient use alters skin barrier and microbes in infants at risk for developing atopic dermatitis (2018)

The decreased skin pH and the increased proportion of S. salivarius after long-term emollient use in infants at risk for developing AD may contribute to the preventative effects of emollients in high-risk infants.
Clinicopathological Analysis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer with<i>PIK3CA</i>Alterations in a Middle Eastern Population (2007)

A higher incidence of PIK3CA alterations and the possible synergistic effect of PIK3CA alterations and BRAF mutations suggest their major role in Middle Eastern PTC tumorigenesis and argue for therapeutic targeting of PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways.
The polarisabilities of bonds—I (1940)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Analysis of simulation-adapted SPEC 2000 benchmarks (2002)

In this paper we have compared the accuracy and representativeness of two common approaches (namely, fast forwarding and reduced input datasets) employed in current architectural studies to deal with the extremely long times involved in detailed architectural simulations. The experimental methodology chosen to perform the validation of both techniques consists in direct execution and performance monitoring through hardware performance counters, our study being focused on the nine SPECint benchmarks for which a reduced input dataset version exists. As a target system we have opted to use an Intel Pentium-4 microprocessor due to its remarkable monitoring features. The results obtained suggest that both techniques are similar, i.e. in some cases Fast-forward is preferable and vice versa, whereas for some benchmarks neither of the techniques are able to provide satisfactory results. However, the simulation cost associated with the fast-forwarding technique is about two orders of magnitude lower than that corresponding to reduced input datasets.
A Boolean Model of the Cardiac Gene Regulatory Network Determining First and Second Heart Field Identity (2012)

Two types of distinct cardiac progenitor cell populations can be identified during early heart development: the first heart field (FHF) and second heart field (SHF) lineage that later form the mature heart. They can be characterized by differential expression of transcription and signaling factors. These regulatory factors influence each other forming a gene regulatory network. Here, we present a core gene regulatory network for early cardiac development based on published temporal and spatial expression data of genes and their interactions. This gene regulatory network was implemented in a Boolean computational model. Simulations reveal stable states within the network model, which correspond to the regulatory states of the FHF and the SHF lineages. Furthermore, we are able to reproduce the expected temporal expression patterns of early cardiac factors mimicking developmental progression. Additionally, simulations of knock-down experiments within our model resemble published phenotypes of mutant mice. Consequently, this gene regulatory network retraces the early steps and requirements of cardiogenic mesoderm determination in a way appropriate to enhance the understanding of heart development.
The beta astrocyte: its possible role as a central nervous system phagocyte. (1988)

Phagocytic cells in the normal ageing mouse brain have the structural characteristics of the cells described by Reyners et al. (1982) as beta astrocytes and are quite different from microglial cells. Like the beta astrocyte (Reyners et al. 1986) they remain mitotically active even in extreme old age. Phagocytic cells in the immature mouse central nervous system contain glycogen but no microfilaments and may be immature beta astrocytes. A re-examination of the literature indicates that many phagocytes previously unidentified or considered to be microglial cells are probably beta astrocytes.
Pre-lysosomal divergence of alpha 2-macroglobulin and transferrin: a kinetic study using a monoclonal antibody against a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein (LAMP-1). (1988)

We have used electron microscopic immunocytochemistry to compare the distribution of LAMP-1, a marker for lysosomal membranes, with the intracellular localization of alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M) and transferrin at various time points after their endocytosis into cultured NIH 3T3 cells. The purposes of this study were (a) to determine how soon endocytic ligands reach lysosomal organelles, (b) to examine whether the intermediate endocytic vesicles gained lysosomal markers gradually or in a precipitous, discrete event, and (c) to examine the relationship, if any, between the pathway of recycling ligands and lysosomes. At early time points (0-5 min) after initiation of endocytosis, most structures containing alpha 2-M labeled with colloidal gold (receptosomes) were not labeled by anti-LAMP-1 detected using ferritin bridge or peroxidase immunocytochemistry. At late time points (greater than or equal to 15 min), the structures containing alpha 2-M (lysosomes) were strongly labeled by anti-LAMP-1. In contrast, transferrin that was directly labeled with ferritin was mostly located in LAMP-1-negative structures at all time points studied. The proportion of alpha 2-M-gold containing vesicles strongly labeled for LAMP-1 roughly paralleled the proportion of alpha 2-M-gold-containing structures positive for cytochemically detectable acid phosphatase. Our data indicate that ligands such as transferrin that are internalized through coated pits and receptosomes, but not delivered to lysosomes, do not traverse a lysosomal organelle compartment as marked by LAMP-1 content. Ligands such as alpha 2-M that are destined for lysosomal delivery reach a LAMP-1-positive organelle compartment only after they traverse LAMP-1-negative, non-lysosomal vesicles previously described as receptosomes.