gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Human Serum Immunoglobulin G against<i>O</i>-Acetyl-Positive and<i>O</i>-Acetyl-Negative Serogroup W135 Meningococcal Capsular Polysaccharide (2005)

The capsular polysaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135 is expressed in both O-acetyl-positive (OA+) and O-acetyl-negative (OA-) forms. This study investigates the impact of OA status (OA+ versus OA-) on serological measurements of anti-W135 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in immunized adults. W135-specific serum antibody assignments were made for 28 postimmunization sera from adults by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the meningococcal standard reference serum CDC1992. The established IgG concentration in micrograms per milliliter ([IgG]microg/ml) for CDC1992 against OA+ antigen (16.2 microg/ml) was used as a reference to assign a concentration of 10.13 microg/ml IgG against OA- antigen by cross-standardization. Overall, the IgG assignments for these sera were higher against OA+ antigen (geometric mean concentration [GMC] = 7.16 microg/ml) than against OA- antigen (GMC = 2.84 microg/ml). However, seven sera showed higher specific [IgG]microg/ml values against the OA+ antigen than against the OA- antigen. These sera were also distinguished by the inability of fluid-phase OA- antigen to compete for antibody binding to OA+ solid-phase antigen. Although there was no overall difference in functional activity measured by complement-mediated serum bactericidal assay (SBA) against OA+ and OA- target bacteria (geometric mean titers of 9,642 and 9,045, respectively), three serum specimens showed a large difference in SBA antibody titers against OA+ versus OA- W135 target bacteria, which may reflect different epitope specificities for these sera. Our data indicate that, for some sera, the agreement in anti-OA+ versus anti-OA- W135 IgG assignments is serum specific and does not reflect the functional (killing) activity in vitro.
Morgain La Fee as the Principle of Unity in <i>Gawain and the Green Knight</i> (1962)

Research Article| March 01 1962 Morgain La Fée as the Principle of Unity in Gawain and the Green Knight Mother Angela Carson, O.S.U. Mother Angela Carson, O.S.U. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Modern Language Quarterly (1962) 23 (1): 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-23-1-3 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Mother Angela Carson; Morgain La Fée as the Principle of Unity in Gawain and the Green Knight. Modern Language Quarterly 1 March 1962; 23 (1): 3–16. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-23-1-3 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsModern Language Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1962 by Duke University Press1962 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Articles You do not currently have access to this content.
Controlling software project risks: an empirical study of methods used by experienced project managers (2002)

The failure rate of software projects has been proven to be very high, and the incidence of failure is becoming worse as more companies venture into software development. Risk management is a collection of methods aimed at minimising or reducing the effects of project failure. This research report has focused on experienced project manager's perceptions of software project risks and controls. It reports on the more significant risks and controls that are utilised to reduce the occurrence of the risk factors, or minimise the impact of various risks. Risk factors involved in software projects along with controls to mitigate these factors were identified in the literature. These were then used in an empirical study to determine their importance and frequency of occurrence. The effectiveness of various controls to reduce the occurrence of risk factors was also identified and discussed. Experienced project managers were found to use certain controls more than inexperienced project managers, particularly 'assign responsibilities to team members' and 'stabilise requirements and specifications'.
Leukotriene B4-activated human endothelial cells promote transendothelial neutrophil migration (1997)

We explored the effect of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) on endothelial cells in LTB4-induced transendothelial migration (TEM) of neutrophils as an in vitro model of neutrophil extravasation. Chemotactic response of human neutrophils to LTB4 was significantly lower than that in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), whereas the extent of TEM in response to LTB4 was significantly higher than that to fMLP. The study on random migration induced by LTB4 and fMLP also showed similar results, which indicated that LTB4 might affect the human umbilical cord vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) barrier. Neutrophil TEM was induced by pretreatment of HUVEC monolayer with LTB4 but not with fMLP. Treatment of endothelial cells by ONO-4057, a LTB4 receptor antagonist, abolished the effect of LTB4 almost completely whereas neutrophils treated with ONO-4057 could transmigrate through HUVEC treated with LTB4. These findings indicated that LTB4 could induce neutrophil TEM by acting on HUVEC.
A method for the stereoselective synthesis of (E)-methylstilbene retinoids (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA method for the stereoselective synthesis of (E)-methylstilbene retinoidsMarcia I. Dawson, Krzysztof Derdzinski, Peter D. Hobbs, Rebecca L. C. Chan, Sung W. Rhee, and Dennis YasudaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 26, 5265–5267Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00200a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00200a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A model-based integrated approach to track myocardial deformation using displacement and velocity constraints (2002)

Accurate estimation of heart wall dense field motion and deformation could help to better understand the physiological processes associated with ischemic heart diseases, and to provide significant improvement in patient treatment. We present a new method of estimating left ventricular deformation which integrates instantaneous velocity information obtained within the mid-wall region with shape information found on the boundaries of the left ventricle. Velocity information is obtained from phase contrast magnetic resonance images, and boundary information is obtained from shape-based motion tracking of the endo- and cardial boundaries. The integration takes place within a continuum biomechanical heart model which is embedded in a finite element framework. We also employ a feedback mechanism to improve tracking accuracy. The integration of the two disparate but complementary sources overcomes some of the limitations of previous work in the field which concentrates on motion estimation from a single image-derived source.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: ON THE REACTION OF 1‐METHYLSULFINYL‐1‐METHYLTHIO‐2‐ARYLETHENES WITH METHANOL AND HYDROGEN CHLORIDE (1977)

Abstract Die durch Kondensation der Aldehyde (I) mit Methylsulfinyl‐methylmercapto‐methan erhältlichen Äthylenverbindungen (II) reagieren mit HCl‐gesättigtem Methanol bei 0°C (16‐20 h Reaktionsdauer; Methode A) oder mit methanolischem HCl bei ‐10°C ((15 min HCl‐Einleiten, l‐4h Reaktionsdauer; Methode B) unter Bildung der Ester (III) und (IV).
Hitting the Mark: Optimizing the Use of Calcium Phosphate Injections for the Treatment of Bone Marrow Lesions of the Proximal Tibia and Distal Femur (2018)

Increased contact pressures of the osteoarthritic joint can lead to underlying osseous injury, with resultant marrow edema changes of the subchondral bone. These osteoarthritis-related bone marrow lesions can subsequently lead to persistent pain and further disability. Limited joint preservation treatment options exist to alleviate symptoms or potentially alter the natural history of the affected joint; however, recent success with injectable calcium phosphate has provided early pain relief and may provide a scaffold for endogenous repair mechanisms. In this Technical Note, a comprehensive surgical approach using injectable calcium phosphate to target bone marrow lesions of the proximal tibia and distal femur is presented. Critical technique considerations include the use of magnetic resonance and fluoroscopic imaging to target the area of the subchondral bone while refraining from overfilling and/or forced pressurization during delivery and the use of postinjection arthroscopy to prevent potential injurious sequelae.
Atypical temporal-scale-specific fractal changes in Alzheimer’s disease EEG and their relevance to cognitive decline (2018)

Recent advances in nonlinear analytic methods for electroencephalography have clarified the reduced complexity of spatiotemporal dynamics in brain activity observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there are far fewer studies exploring temporal scale dependent fractal properties in AD, despite the importance of studying the dynamics of brain activity within physiologically relevant frequency ranges. Higuchi's fractal dimension is a widely used index for evaluating fractality in brain activity, but temporal-scale-specific characteristics are lost due to its requirement of averaging over the entire range of temporal scales. In this study, we adapted Higuchi's fractal algorithm into a method for investigating temporal-scale-specific fractal properties. We then compared the values of the temporal-scale-specific fractal dimension between healthy control (HC) and AD patient groups. Our data indicate that relative to the HC group, the AD group demonstrated reduced fractality at both slow and fast temporal scales. Moreover, we confirmed that the fractality at fast temporal scales correlates with cognitive decline. These properties might serve as a basis for a useful approach to characterizing temporal neural dynamics in AD or other neurodegenerative disorders.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN EUROPEAN FEUDALITY AND OTTOMAN FIEF SYSTEM (2012)

Like many institutions of Ottoman State, Fief system, which was the basic land management and tax collecting system, is easterner rather than westerner because of its own authenticity and sources. As a matter of fact, it will be truer that we search for the roots of fief system in “katia” system of Abbasids or “ikta” system of Seljuks first; not in the feudal system of western communities. Ottoman Fief system has been compared with European Feudal system. To tell the truth, the differences between these two systems are more than the similarities. The fact that the researches based on archive records of Ottoman Fief system are at a rate that they can be neglected when compared to what has been carried by westerners has resulted in handling the studies in this field from a European point of view. In this study, a comparison will be performed by establishing the similarities and differences between Ottoman Fief system and European Feudal system.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls Disturb Differentiation of Normal Human Neural Progenitor Cells: Clue for Involvement of Thyroid Hormone Receptors (2005)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental chemicals that accumulate in adipose tissues over the food chain. Epidemiologic studies have indicated that PCBs influence brain development. Children who are exposed to PCBs during development suffer from neuropsychologic deficits such as a lower full-scale IQ (intelligence quotient), reduced visual recognition memory, and attention and motor deficits. The mechanisms leading to these effects are not fully understood. It has been speculated that PCBs may affect brain development by interfering with thyroid hormone (TH) signaling. Because most of the data are from animal studies, we established a model using primary normal human neural progenitor (NHNP) cells to determine if PCBs interfere with TH-dependent neural differentiation. NHNP cells differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes in culture, and they express a variety of drug metabolism enzymes and nuclear receptors. Like triiodothyronine (T3), treatment with the mono-ortho-substituted PCB-118 (2,3',4,4 ,5-pentachlorobiphenyl; 0.01-1 microM) leads to a dose-dependent increase of oligodendrocyte formation. This effect was congener specific, because the coplanar PCB-126 (3,3',4,4 ,5-pentachlorobiphenyl) had no effect. Similar to the T3 response, the PCB-mediated effect on oligodendrocyte formation was blocked by retinoic acid and the thyroid hormone receptor antagonist NH-3. These results suggest that PCB-118 mimics T3 action via the TH pathway.
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate couples glycolytic flux to activation of Ras (2017)

Yeast and cancer cells share the unusual characteristic of favoring fermentation of sugar over respiration. We now reveal an evolutionary conserved mechanism linking fermentation to activation of Ras, a major regulator of cell proliferation in yeast and mammalian cells, and prime proto-oncogene product. A yeast mutant (tps1∆) with overactive influx of glucose into glycolysis and hyperaccumulation of Fru1,6bisP, shows hyperactivation of Ras, which causes its glucose growth defect by triggering apoptosis. Fru1,6bisP is a potent activator of Ras in permeabilized yeast cells, likely acting through Cdc25. As in yeast, glucose triggers activation of Ras and its downstream targets MEK and ERK in mammalian cells. Biolayer interferometry measurements show that physiological concentrations of Fru1,6bisP stimulate dissociation of the pure Sos1/H-Ras complex. Thermal shift assay confirms direct binding to Sos1, the mammalian ortholog of Cdc25. Our results suggest that the Warburg effect creates a vicious cycle through Fru1,6bisP activation of Ras, by which enhanced fermentation stimulates oncogenic potency.Yeast and cancer cells both favor sugar fermentation in aerobic conditions. Here the authors describe a conserved mechanism from yeast to mammals where the glycolysis intermediate fructose-1,6-bisphosphate binds Cdc25/Sos1 and couples increased glycolytic flux to increased Ras proto-oncoprotein activity.
Instructions for Using the Cutaneous Resistance Recorder, or “Dermometer,” on Peripheral Nerve Injuries, Sympathectomies, and Paravertebral Blocks (1946)

"Instructions for Using the Cutaneous Resistance Recorder, or "Dermometer," on Peripheral Nerve Injuries, Sympathectomies, and Paravertebral Blocks" published on May 1946 by Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group.
Molecular microbiology laboratory : a writing-intensive course (2003)

Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Second edition, is designed to teach essential principles and techniques of molecular biology and microbial ecology to upper-level undergraduates majoring in the life sciences and to develop students' scientific writing skills. A detailed lab preparation manual for instructors and teaching assistants accompanies the lab book and contains a general discussion of scientific writing and critical reading as well as detailed instructions for preparation and peer review of lab reports. Each experimental unit is accompanied by a number of additional writing exercises based upon primary journal articles. * Exposes students to the new molecular-based techniques * Provides faculty with an authoritative, accessible resource for teaching protocols * The only manual to incorporate writing exercises, presentation skills and tools for reading primary literature into the curriculum * Based on a successful course for which the author won a teaching award New to this Edition: - Presents a real-world study of bacterial populations in the environment in the final experiment - Provides an overview of molecular biology in a new review chapter - Demonstrates how to design an experiment and how to interpret the results - Covers grant proposal writing and how panels review proposals - Presents guidance on public speaking and preparing PowerPoint presentations - Includes tutorials on three widely used software packages
Achiral Ligands Dramatically Enhance Rate and Enantioselectivity in the Rh/Phosphoramidite‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of α,β‐Disubstituted Unsaturated Acids. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Acoustically driven Magnetized Target Fusion (2013)

General Fusion is a 65-employee private company developing fusion energy with $40M of capital to date. This report will describe General Fusion's design for an acoustically driven Magnetized Target Fusion (MTF) reactor concept. The advantages of this particular MTF scheme will be discussed. Our experimental and numerical work and results so far will be presented, as well as plans for future development.
Colocalization of neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in brainstem catecholaminergic neurons that project to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (1985)

Immunohistochemical methods were used in the rat to plot the distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY) immunoreactivity in the paraventricular (PVH) and supraoptic (SO) nuclei of the hypothalamus, and a combined retrograde transport-double immunohistochemical labeling technique was used to determine the extent to which NPY immunoreactivity is coexpressed in brainstem cell groups that stain with antisera to phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT; a marker for adrenergic neurons) or dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH; a marker for adrenergic and noradrenergic neurons) and also project to the PVH. The results confirm the existence of a major NPY-immunoreactive pathway that is in a position to influence each major class of output neurons in the PVH. Thus, most parts of the parvicellular division receive a dense input that is similar to, though somewhat more extensive than, the one stained by DBH antisera. However, in the magnocellular division catecholaminergic inputs are preferentially associated with vasopressinergic neurons, while NPY-stained fibers tend to be more evenly distributed in regions containing both oxytocinergic and vasopressingergic neurons, and their density appear to be lower than that of DBH-stained fibers. In the SO, only a moderate NPY-stained input was apparent, while, as described previously, DBH-immunoreactive fibers are rather dense and are preferentially distributed in vasopressinergic regions of the nucleus. The results of combined retrograde transport-double immunohistochemical labeling experiments may be summarized as follows: the vast majority of cells in the medulla that were retrogradely labeled after discrete implants of the fluorescent tracer true blue into the PVH, and were PNMT-immunoreactive, also stained for NPY. However, less extensive co-localization was detected in noradrenergic cell groups of the caudal medulla. About 60% of the retrogradely labeled-DBH positive cells in the A1 cell group were also NPY-positive, while those in the caudal part of the nucleus of the solitary tract (the A2 cell group) usually failed to stain with anti-NPY. Similarly, in the locus coeruleus (the A6 cell group) where virtually all retrogradely labeled neurons were DBH-positive, only rarely were triply labeled cells detected. These results suggest that NPY immunoreactivity is extensively co-contained within adrenergic neurons of the C1, C2, and C3 groups that project to the PVH, while the correspondence in noradrenergic cell groups is less complete, and generally limited to a subset of neurons in the A1 cell group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Isolation and Identification of the Aroma Components from Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i>) (1997)

In this work we have studied the volatile components of saffron, the dried, dark-red stigmata of Crocus sativus L. flowers. The isolation of the aroma, was achieved using the following techniques: (a) steam distillation (SD), (b) micro-steam distillation extraction (MSDE), and (c) vacuum head space method (VHS). The determination of the volatile components was performed using some different gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC−MS) instruments and methods. The characteristic compounds are 2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadien-1-carboxaldehyde, namely safranal; 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, namely isophorone; 3,5,5-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-one, isomer of isophorone; 2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1,4-dione; and 2,6,6-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehyde, isomer of safranal. Keywords: Saffron; capillary; GC−MS; volatile compounds
A novel hybrid modulation scheme for an isolated high-frequency-link fuel cell inverter (2008)

This paper describes a novel hybrid modulation scheme for the operation of an isolated high-frequency and high-power direct-power-conversion (DPC) inverter. It enables: (a) removal of the DC-link filter evident in conventional inverters where the diode rectifier stage is followed by low-pass filter and a voltage-source inverter (VSI); (b) significant reduction in switching loss of the inverter by modulating the switches of 2 of the 3 legs of the 6-switch AC/AC converter at 120 Hz while modulating the 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> leg at high frequency. Unlike the VSI approach, in the DPC approach hybrid modulation enables the retention of the sine-wave modulated switching information at the output of the diode rectifier without rather than filtering it. Overall, the following is demonstrated: i) modulation scheme and uniqueness, and analytical derivation of the Fourier transformation of the output voltage; ii) derivation of a reachability condition for the DPC topology that outlines its global stability and performance; iii) demonstration of the switching and conduction losses and harmonics; and iv) scaled experimental validation. It is noted that, the term hybrid modulation has no similarity with the modulation scheme for a hybrid converter (which are conjugation of two types of converters based on a slow and fast device) reported in literature. The term hybrid modulation scheme is simply chosen because at any given time, only one leg of the inverter output stage carries out forced switching while the other two legs are not switching at all. The outlined hybrid modulation scheme is unlike all reported discontinuous modulation schemes where the input is a DC and not a pulsating modulated DC and at most only one leg stays on or off permanently in a 60deg or 120deg cycle.
Beschreibende Statistik (1980)

ZusammenfassungDie kleinste Einheit einer statistischen Auswertung, an der Beobachtungen durchgeführt werden, ist die Beobachtungseinheit (oder Versuchseinheit). Sie kann z. B. der einzelne Patient sein, wenn er nur einmal beobachtet wurde, oder der Patient zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt, wenn der Patient mehrfach untersucht wurde.