gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-tuning wireless network power management (2003)

Current wireless network power management often substantially degrades performance and may even increase overall energy usage when used with latency-sensitive applications. We propose self-tuning power management (STPM) that adapts its behavior to the access patterns and intent of applications, the characteristics of the network interface, and the energy usage of the platform. We have implemented STPM as a Linux kernel module---our results show substantial benefits for distributed file systems, streaming audio, and thin-client applications. Compared to default 802.11b power management, STPM reduces the total energy usage of an iPAQ running the Coda distributed file system by 21% while also reducing interactive file system delay by 80%. Further, STPM adapts to diverse operating conditions: it yields good results on both laptops and handhelds, supports 802.11b network interfaces with substantially different characteristics, and performs well across a range of application network access patterns.
The ADVIA 2120 Hematology System: Flow Cytometry-Based Analysis of Blood and Body Fluids in the Routine Hematology Laboratory (2005)

The ADVIA 2120 Hematology System was recently released by Bayer HealthCare, Diagnostics Division, as a bench-top analyzer designed for medium- to large-volume laboratories. This flow cytometry-based system uses light scatter, differential white blood cell (WBC) lysis, and myeloperoxidase and oxazine 750 staining to provide a complete blood cell count, a WBC differential, and a reticulocyte count. A cyanide-free method is used to measure hemoglobin colorimetrically. The system is automation ready; in addition to its capability for analyzing peripheral blood specimens, the analyzer is also equipped to analyze cerebrospinal fluid samples. In this article we explain the underlying technology of the ADVIA 2120, provide linearity ranges, method-specific reference ranges, and stability data, and describe novel parameters and applications that are unique to the methodology used by this instrument. Finally, we discuss research applications and future directions, such as the use of this hematology analyzer in the determination of fetal lung maturity.
Voice Activity Detection In The Presence Of Breathing Noise Using Neural Network And Hidden Markov Model (2008)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2008
A method for vlsi design and verification using temporal interval logic (1989)

Kawasaki Disease (KD) affects young children less than five years old with severe blood vessel inflammation. Despite being treatable, the causes and mechanisms remain elusive. This study conducted a meta-analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from human and animal models to explore KD's transcriptomic profile and evaluate animal models. We retrieved bulk and single-cell RNA-seq data from Gene Expression Omnibus, with blood and coronary artery samples from KD patients, aorta samples from KD mouse models (<i>Lactobacillus casei</i> cell wall extract-injected mice), and their controls. Upon consistent quality control, we applied Fisher's exact test to assess differential gene expression, followed by an enrichment analysis of overlapping genes. These studies identified 400 differentially expressed genes in blood samples of KD patients compared to controls and 413 genes in coronary artery samples. The data from KD blood and KD coronary artery samples shared only 16 differentially expressed genes. Eighty-one genes overlapped between KD human coronary arteries and KD mouse aortas, and 67 of these 81 genes were regulated in parallel in both humans and mice: 30 genes were up-regulated, and 37 were down-regulated. These included previously identified KD-upregulated genes: <i>CD74</i>, S<i>FRP4</i>, <i>ITGA4</i>, and <i>IKZF1</i>. Gene enrichment analysis revealed significant alterations in the cardiomyopathy pathway. Single-cell RNAseq showed a few significant markers, with known KD markers like <i>S100A9</i>, <i>S100A8</i>, <i>CD74</i>, <i>CD14</i>, <i>IFITM2</i>, and <i>IFITM3</i>, being overexpressed in KD cohorts. Gene profiles obtained from KD human coronary artery are more compatible with data from aorta samples of KD mice than blood samples of KD humans, validating KD animal models for identifying therapeutic targets. Although blood samples can be utilized to discover novel biomarkers, more comprehensive single-cell sequencing is required to detail gene expression in different blood cell populations. This study identifies critical genes from human and mouse tissues to help develop new treatment strategies for KD.
Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Pneumonia: A Comparison between Microscopic Examination of Expectorate, Antigen Detection and Cultural Procedures (1983)

Attempts to demonstrate Streptococcus pneumoniae, or its soluble type-specific polysaccharide antigen were made on specimens from 205 patients with acute community-acquired pneumonia by (i) blood, nasopharynx and sputum culture, (ii) counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) of serum, urine and sputum specimens utilizing omni-, pool- and type-specific rabbit antisera, and (iii) microscopy of gram-stained sputum smears. Pneumococci could be cultured and/or pneumococcal antigen detected in specimens from 93 (45%) of the patients with the following frequencies in samples obtained before (and after) start of antimicrobial treatment: culture from blood 25% (6%), nasopharynx 59% (18%) and sputum 80% (13%), CIE on serum 3% (9%), urine 8% (18%), urine 20X concentrated 18% (24%), and sputum 56% (56%). Microscopy of sputum smears revealed pneumococci in 65% (17%) of the 93 patients. The value of cultures from blood and sputum was most evident when the samples were obtained early in the course of the disease. With nasopharynx culture and CIE on sputum the number of positive results was doubled if the sampling was repeated. For rapid diagnosis direct Gram stain and CIE on sputum were about equally effective and also strikingly complementary, alone diagnosing 42% and 48% of the patients, respectively, but together detecting 65% of them. Gram stain was most rewarding on early pretreatment samples and CIE on post-treatment samples.
Patient-Specific Mathematical Neuro-Oncology: Using a Simple Proliferation and Invasion Tumor Model to Inform Clinical Practice (2015)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor associated with a poor median survival of 15-18 months, yet there is wide heterogeneity across and within patients. This heterogeneity has been the source of significant clinical challenges facing patients with GBM and has hampered the drive toward more precision or personalized medicine approaches to treating these challenging tumors. Over the last two decades, the field of Mathematical Neuro-oncology has grown out of desire to use (often patient-specific) mathematical modeling to better treat GBMs. Here, we will focus on a series of clinically relevant results using patient-specific mathematical modeling. The core model at the center of these results incorporates two hallmark features of GBM, proliferation [Formula: see text] and invasion (D), as key parameters. Based on routinely obtained magnetic resonance images, each patient's tumor can be characterized using these two parameters. The Proliferation-Invasion (PI) model uses [Formula: see text] and D to create patient-specific growth predictions. The PI model, its predictions, and parameters have been used in a number of ways to derive biological insight. Beyond predicting growth, the PI model has been utilized to identify patients who benefit from different surgery strategies, to prognosticate response to radiation therapy, to develop a treatment response metric, and to connect clinical imaging features and genetic information. Demonstration of the PI model's clinical relevance supports the growing role for it and other mathematical models in routine clinical practice.
Surfactant Phase Behavior with Field Degreasing Solvent (2000)

Surfactant phase behavior data are presented for dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). The experimental procedures and results published in this paper led to the successful selection of a surfactant formulation that was used in a field demonstration at a site contaminated with DNAPL rich in trichloroethene (TCE). Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of temperature, electrolyte, cosolvent, xanthan gum polymer, and surfactant hydrophobe length on surfactant phase behavior. Experimental results are presented for a field degreasing solvent that is a DNAPL from Operable Unit 2 (OU2) of Hill Air Force Base, Layton, UT. These experiments show that procedures previously developed and reported only for pure component DNAPLs such as TCE can be useful for selecting suitable surfactants for complex field DNAPLs. In addition to the usual criteria of large increases in contaminant solubilization and lowering of interfacial tensions, we identify rapid formation of microemulsions with acceptably low viscosities as an additional requirement for surfactant screening. Our results indicate that the best surfactant formulations equilibrate to low viscosity microemulsions within a few hours. Extensive soil column studies have shown that such behavior leads to DNAPL recoveries exceeding 99% without significant problems such as pore plugging and high surfactant retention.
Postnatal Dietary Fat Influences mRNAS Involved in Myelination (1992)

The synthesis and composition of myelin in the developing mouse central nervous system can be influenced by diet. Postnatal maternal fat intake altered nursing pup brain and liver fatty acid composition. Peak (day 21) proteolipid protein (PLP) and myelin basic protein (MBP) mRNA levels were reduced when pups were nursed by mothers fed a fat-free or 5% coconut oil diet. This effect was reversed by feeding a corn oil based diet. Oleic acid accounts for about 30% of myelin fatty acids. mRNA levels of stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD), the rate-limiting step in oleic acid synthesis, increase in neonatal mouse brain. Postnatal maternal fat-free feeding reduced day 21 pup brain SCD and LDL receptor, but not apolipoprotein (Apo E) E mRNA levels. In contrast to brain, nursing pup hepatic SCD mRNA levels were induced, LDL receptor mRNA levels were unaffected and Apo E mRNA levels were reduced by postnatal maternal fat-free feeding. Myelin-specific mRNA levels are developmentally regulated and influenced by dietary fat. Neonatal brain SCD and LDL receptor mRNA levels are also altered by neonatal fat intake. The neonatal response to dietary fat is tissue-specific at the mRNA level.
Induction motor faults diagnostic via artificial neural network (ANN) (2002)

The paper deals with the analysis of an artificial neural network (ANN) approach suitable for online faults detection of induction machines. The aim of this paper is to develop an alternative with respect to traditional fault detector techniques that overcomes the limitations of present technology. After an analytical discussion about theoretical principles and relations used for the diagnosis of electrical machines failures, a simple ANN algorithm is presented and tested. The results prove the feasibility of to tool arranged by means of artificial neural network for a fast and accurate detection of stator faults in induction machines. Furthermore a good accuracy of the results have been achieved notwithstanding the great simplicity of the algorithm with respect to a complete model arranged by a space vector analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Policy Networks with Two-Stage Training for Dialogue Systems (2016)

In this paper, we propose to use deep policy networks which are trained with an advantage actor-critic method for statistically optimised dialogue systems. First, we show that, on summary state and action spaces, deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) outperforms Gaussian Processes methods. Summary state and action spaces lead to good performance but require pre-engineering effort, RL knowledge, and domain expertise. In order to remove the need to define such summary spaces, we show that deep RL can also be trained efficiently on the original state and action spaces. Dialogue systems based on partially observable Markov decision processes are known to require many dialogues to train, which makes them unappealing for practical deployment. We show that a deep RL method based on an actor-critic architecture can exploit a small amount of data very efficiently. Indeed, with only a few hundred dialogues collected with a handcrafted policy, the actor-critic deep learner is considerably bootstrapped from a combination of supervised and batch RL. In addition, convergence to an optimal policy is significantly sped up compared to other deep RL methods initialized on the data with batch RL. All experiments are performed on a restaurant domain derived from the Dialogue State Tracking Challenge 2 (DSTC2) dataset.
Is this a brain which I see before me? Modeling human neural development with pluripotent stem cells (2015)

The human brain is arguably the most complex structure among living organisms. However, the specific mechanisms leading to this complexity remain incompletely understood, primarily because of the poor experimental accessibility of the human embryonic brain. Over recent years, technologies based on pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have been developed to generate neural cells of various types. While the translational potential of PSC technologies for disease modeling and/or cell replacement therapies is usually put forward as a rationale for their utility, they are also opening novel windows for direct observation and experimentation of the basic mechanisms of human brain development. PSC-based studies have revealed that a number of cardinal features of neural ontogenesis are remarkably conserved in human models, which can be studied in a reductionist fashion. They have also revealed species-specific features, which constitute attractive lines of investigation to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the development of the human brain, and its link with evolution.
Dispersion-free (de)mux with very high figure-of-merit (2002)

We have demonstrated a novel multi-channel wavelength demux based on bulk diffraction grating. The demux is in principle dispersion-free and a record FOM of >95% has been achieved.
An improved procedure for the iodination of phenols using sodium iodide and tert-butyl hypochlorite (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn improved procedure for the iodination of phenols using sodium iodide and tert-butyl hypochloriteTadashi Kometani, David S. Watt, Tae Ji, and Tony FitzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 25, 5384–5387Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00225a079https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00225a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2095Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
First demonstration of plasmonic GaN quantum cascade detectors with enhanced efficiency at normal incidence (2014)

We have designed, fabricated and measured the first plasmon-assisted normal incidence GaN/AlN quantum cascade detector (QCD) making use of the surface plasmon resonance of a two-dimensional nanohole Au array integrated on top of the detector absorption region. The spectral response of the detector at room temperature is peaked at the plasmon resonance of 1.82 μm. We show that the presence of the nanohole array induces an absolute enhancement of the responsivity by a factor of ~30 over that of the bare device at normal incidence and by a factor of 3 with respect to illumination by the 45° polished side facet. We show that this significant improvement arises from two phenomena, namely, the polarization rotation of the impinging light from tangential to normal induced by the plasmonic structure and from the enhancement of the absorption cross-section per quantum well due to the near-field optical intensity of the plasmonic wave.
Enhanced Detection of Arrhythmia Vulnerability Using T Wave Alternans, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, and Programmed Ventricular Stimulation: (2004)

The combined use of TWA, LVEF, and PVS is a promising new approach to arrhythmia risk stratification that permits identification of high-risk and very-low-risk patients.
Terahertz Imaging and Remote Sensing Design for Applications in Medical Imaging (2013)

THz region (1 mm - 0.1 mm, or 300 GHz and 3 THz) of the electromagnetic spectrum attracts applications in medical imaging, with its high dielectric constant of water, low non-ionizing photon energy (0.4-40 meV), and robustness against scattering from rough surface interface. This study investigates THz optical imaging system design and engineering, and explores implementation of THz imaging method for application in remote sensing of physiological tissue. Specifically, the focus of this manuscript is to explore two important topics in remote sensing design, with analysis of quasi-optical systems design and effect of rough surface scattering in THz wavelength. An overview of THz imaging field and application to medical imaging are presented. A survey of current methods THz imaging and remote sensing scheme is made to provide context for system design consideration. As an example, the direct-detection THz imaging system is characterized, and used in experiments for the following sections. In the second section, a detailed analysis of commonly used quasi-optical component (off-axis parabolic mirrors) is performed to investigate its focusing properties at THz wavelength. Additional attention is directed to polarization aberration effect in the propagation of coherent, linearly polarized THz beam through series of mirrors. The third section applies Kirchhoff random rough surface scattering theory at THz region, and provides analysis of signal strength and variance in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in imaging.Lastly, a beam-scanning imaging system is constructed and demonstrated as an effort toward practical clinical application. The system employs a spinning polygon mirror and Michelson interferometer based design to allow source, detector, and target to remain fixed and perform imaging at a dramatically faster speed. The system achieves a focused THz beam diameter of 1.66mm and a large depth of field of &gt;25 mm, and acquisition speed of minimum 100 pixels/s. Images of characterization targets and ex vivo tissue samples are presented.
Bidding for storage space in a peer-to-peer data preservation system (2003)

Digital archives protect important data collections from failures by making multiple copies at other archives, so that there are always several good copies of a collection. In a cooperative replication network sites "trade" space, so that each site contributes storage resources to the system and uses storage resources at other sites. Here, we examine bid trading: a mechanism where sites conduct auctions to determine who to trade with. A local site wishing to make a copy of a collection announces how much remote space is needed, and accepts bids for how much of its own space the local site must "pay" to acquire that remote space. We examine the best policies for determining when to call auctions and how much to bid, as well as the effects of "maverick" sites that attempt to subvert the bidding system. Simulations of auction and trading sessions indicate that bid trading can allow sites to achieve higher reliability than the alternative: a system where sites trade equal amounts of space without bidding.
Acoustic emulsification. Part 2. Breakup of the large primary oil droplets in a water medium (1978)

A theoretical model is presented for the liquid-liquid emulsification phenomenon based on the deformation and breakup of an oil droplet exposed to a cavitation shock wave generated by an acoustic field. The model predicts a relationship between the Ohnesorge number and the critical Weber number ratio for long acoustic irradiation times. At short irradiation times, the mean particle size and variance decrease with increasing time of acoustic irradiation. The results show remarkable agreement when compared with results obtained from the studies on liquid droplets exposed to shock impact from a gas stream. The mechanism for acoustic emulsification is that large oil droplets originally formed from the instability oil-water interface are disintegrated into smaller ones by the cavitation until a critical size, characteristic of the particular oil-water system, is reached.
Brain-Controlled Wheelchairs: A Robotic Architecture (2013)

Independent mobility is central to being able to perform activities of daily living by oneself. However, power wheelchairs are not an option for many people who, due to severe motor disabilities, are unable to use conventional controls. For some of these people, noninvasive brain– computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a promising solution to this interaction problem.
Nonlinear transient simulation of embedded subnetworks characterized by S-parameters using complex frequency hopping (2002)

This paper describes an efficient technique for simulation of linear subnetworks characterized by s-parameters using general purpose circuit simulators such as SPICE. The proposed method is based on the recently developed model-reduction technique, complex frequency hopping (CFH). A new algorithm for computing the moments of s-parameter based subnetworks is presented and it overcomes the instability problems associated with the previously published techniques which depend on numerical differentiation. The proposed method is suitable for simulating large number of s-parameter based subnetworks in a general circuit environment consisting of lumped/distributed elements and nonlinear devices.
Proof of Proximity of Knowledge. (2014)

Public-key distance bounding schemes are needed to defeat relay attacks in payment systems. So far, only two such schemes exist, but fail to fully protect against malicious provers. In this paper, we solve this problem. We provide a full formalism to define the proof of proximity of knowledge (PoPoK). Protocols should succeed if and only if a prover holding a secret is within the proximity of the verifier. Like proofs of knowledge, these protocols must satisfy completeness, soundness (protection for the honest verifier), and security (protection for the honest prover). We construct ProProx, the very first fully secure PoPoK.