gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Privacy enablement in a surveillance system (2008)

This paper presents mechanisms for privacy protection in a distributed, multicamera surveillance system. The design choices and alternatives for providing privacy protection while delivering meaningful surveillance data for security and retail environments are described, followed by performance metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of privacy protection measures and experiments to evaluate these in retail store video. The paper concludes with a discussion including five principles for data presentation of privacy protection systems.
Accelerating the secondary immune response by inactivating CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> T regulatory cells prior to BCG vaccination does not enhance protection against tuberculosis (2008)

CD4(+)CD25(+) natural T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been shown to suppress protective immune responses in several different vaccination models. Since the effect of Tregs on vaccination against tuberculosis (Tb) was unknown, we used a murine model to investigate whether natural Tregs suppress the development of protective immunity following Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. Using a monoclonal antibody against CD25, natural Tregs were inactivated prior to vaccination with BCG. The primary immune response was evaluated after BCG vaccination and the secondary immune response was assessed after an intranasal BCG challenge 42 days after vaccination. Inactivation of natural Tregs prior to vaccination led to an increased immune response 14 days after vaccination, increased numbers of antigen-responsive lymphocytes immediately prior to secondary challenge and the earlier appearance of IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes in the draining lymph nodes and lungs after challenge. Despite this, protection from virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis or M. bovis aerosol challenge was unaffected by natural Treg inactivation prior to BCG vaccination. This suggests that increasing the primary and accelerating the secondary immune responses by inactivating natural Tregs at the time of vaccination, does not affect the development of protective immunity to Tb.
Pseudomemories: The Standard of Science and the Standard of Care in Trauma Treatment (1995)

The pseudomemory (PM) debate has focused on individuals who do not remember sexual abuse and later recover these memories, often in therapy. This paper critically reviews experimental research on stress and memory and on suggestibility and memory in terms of its applicability to PM production in therapy. Three different kinds of suggestibility are identified--hypnotizability, postevent misinformation suggestibility, and interrogatory suggestibility. It is hypothesized that interrogatory suggestibility alone or the interaction of all three pose significant risk for PM production. It is argued that a better standard of science is needed before claims can be made about PM production in therapy, since no experimental studies have been conducted on memory performance or suggestibility effects in therapy. However, the findings derived from memory research on other populations, nevertheless, are useful to inform the standard of care in treating recovered memory patients.
High Detectivity D* = 1.0 X 10 <sup> 10 </sup> cm√Hz/W GaAs/AlGaAs Multiquantum Well λ = 8.3 µm Infrared Detector (1988)

We report the first high detectivity, (D* = 1.0 X 1010 cm √Hz/W), high responsivity (Rv = 30,000 V/W), GaAs/A1),Gai_xAs multiquantum well detector, sensitive in the long wavelength infrared band (LWIR) at λ = 8.3 μm (operating at a temperature of T = 77K). Due to the mature GaAs growth and processing technologies as well as the potential for monolithic integration with high speed GaAs FETs, large focal plane arrays of these detectors should be possible.
Molecular Aspects of Hepatitis B Viral Infection and the Viral Carcinogenesis (2003)

Of many viral causes of human cancer, few are of greater global importance than the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Over 250 million people worldwide are persistently infected with HBV. A significant minority of these develop severe pathologic consequences, including chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Earlier epidemiological evidence suggested a link between chronic HBV infection and HCC. Further, the existence of related animal viruses that induce acute and chronic infections of the liver, and eventually HCC, confirms the concept that HBV belongs to one of the few human oncogenic viruses. Although it is clear that chronic HBV infections are major risk factors, relatively little is understood about how the viral factors contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. This review will introduce molecular aspects of the viral infection, and highlight recent findings on the viral contribution to hepatocarcinogenesis.
Anisotropic-network-stabilized ferroelectric gels for active matrix addressing (1996)

Ferroelectric gels have been produced by polymerization of liquid crystal (LC) diacrylates in mixtures of nonreactive molecules showing the ferroelectric LC (FLC) phase. Within the gels, the orientational, optical, and electrical properties of the nonreactive molecules are to a large extent dominated by the polymer network. For this reason the gels are also referred to as anisotropic-network-stabilized FLC. In this publication gels with homogeneous and hybrid orientations are described. Network molecules of various birefringences are used to show that the effective birefringence within the gels can be reduced. The extinction angle within the gels is also influenced by the anisotropy and the concentration of the network. The gels also show continuous switching over a broad range of voltages. The voltage range becomes broader and shifts to higher voltages with an increasing network concentration. This behavior of FLC gels makes them suitable for the production of grey levels in display applications. Using a transistor as an electronic switch for applying voltages it is shown that gels with homogeneous and hybrid orientations can give smooth transmission–voltage curves.
Authentication for WiFi - WiBbro-based BWAN interworking (2008)

In this paper, we solve the interworking problem for different user authentications between licensed BWAN and unlicensed band network when an unlicensed radio band user connects to the Internet via BWAN.
Dynamic Shape Factor of Nonspherical Aerosol Particles in the Diffusion Regime (1990)

Diffusional losses of monodisperse polysterene spheres and doublets from laminar aerosol flows and stagnant aerosols in cylindrical tubes were measured. The losses of spheres were used to determine their diameter (range 69–120 nm) and the volume equivalent diameter of their doublets. The losses of the doublets were used to determine their dynamic shape factor which for randomly oriented doublets was established to be 1.127 ± 0.085 for Knudsen numbers between 1.1 and 2.0.
Evidence of Multiple Ethanol Pools in the Brain: An in Vivo Proton Magnetization Transfer Study (1996)

Studies of isolated cell membranes and animal brain extracts have shown that ethanol (EtOH) partitions into cell membranes. We tested the hypothesis that EtOH in the living brain after EtOH administration exists in two or more pools: a free, mobile pool of EtOH and one or more EtOH pools that are restricted in their molecular mobility, possibly because of association with membranes. In vivo brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) routinely detects the methyl protons of the mobile EtOH pool but does not detect motionally restricted EtOH. We used in vivo brain 1H MRS in rat brain (n = 11) after intraperitoneal EtOH administration to measure the signal intensity of methyl EtOH protons in the presence and absence of off-resonance saturation. Off-resonance saturation resulted in a 33 +/- 4% decrease of the EtOH methyl proton signal. We interpret this signal reduction as a magnetization transfer effect. It is consistent with the existence of an MRS-invisible EtOH pool with restricted molecular mobility, which is in exchange with the free EtOH pool. Off-resonance saturation at the water frequency resulted in an even larger decrease of the EtOH methyl signal, consistent with water molecules being in close proximity to EtOH molecules at the restricted motion site(s). These results provide support for the hypothesis that partial MRS-invisibility of brain EtOH is at least to some extent caused by the presence of a (MRS-invisible) pool of motionally restricted EtOH. They also strongly suggest that water suppression, routinely used in in vivo 1H MRS, may reduce the observable EtOH methyl signal intensity through a magnetization transfer mechanism. These studies may provide both a mechanism of, and a means to investigate the alterations of EtOH MRS visibility observed in heavy drinkers.
Third generation EGFR TKIs: current data and future directions (2018)

Acquired T790 M mutation is the commonest cause of resistance for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant patients who had progressed after first line EGFR TKI (tyrosine kinase inhibitor). Several third generation EGFR TKIs which are EGFR mutant selective and wild-type (WT) sparing were developed to treat these patients with T790 M acquired resistant mutation. Osimertinib is one of the third generation EGFR TKIs and is currently the most advanced in clinical development. Unfortunately, despite good initial response, patients who was treated with third generation EGFR TKI would develop acquired resistance and several mechanisms had been identified and the commonest being C797S mutation at exon 20. Several novel treatment options were being developed for patients who had progressed on third generation EGFR TKI but they are still in the early phase of development. Osimertinib under FLAURA study had been shown to have better progression-free survival over first generation EGFR TKI in the first line setting and likely will become the new standard of care.
Introduction of hydroxyl-bearing amino acids causes bathochromic spectral shifts in rhodopsin. Amino acid substitutions responsible for red-green color pigment spectral tuning. (1992)

Comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequences of eight primate photopigment genes led to the proposal that three amino acid substitutions produce the approximately 1,000 cm-1 difference in the absorption maxima of human red and green pigments (Neitz, M., Neitz, J., and Jacobs, G.H. (1991) Science 252, 971-974). We tested this proposal by mutating these three residues in rhodopsin and evaluating the effects on spectral properties. Nonpolar residues normally present in rhodopsin and in the green pigment were substituted by hydroxyl-bearing residues normally present in the red pigment. Two of these substitutions (Phe-261 to Tyr or Ala-269 to Thr) caused significant red shifts in the absorption maxima of the resulting mutant pigments. A third substitution (Ala-164 to Ser) caused only a slight effect. Combinations of substitutions caused additive shifts in absorption maxima. A double mutant (Phe-261 to Tyr/Ala-269 to Thr) displayed an absorption maximum that was red-shifted by 775 cm-1. Wavelength modulation in the visual pigments responsible for red-green color vision is likely to be governed by retinal-protein interactions involving primarily these two amino acid residues. Furthermore, interactions of hydroxyl-bearing amino acids with the chromophore may be a general mechanism of the opsin shift in visual pigments.
CHAPTER 1. The Potential Contribution of Photoelectrochemistry in the Global Energy Future (2013)

This chapter examines the potential for photoelectrochemical (PEC) energy conversion to contribute to the future global energy supply. The hope is that it will be a guide to researchers in selecting problems that, if solved, will have a realistic chance to help mitigate the problems of climate change and provide clean sustainable sources of energy. The chapter starts with a brief history of PEC energy conversion and the early development of PEC photovoltaic cells. We then argue that the real contribution of photoelectrochemistry is to perform solar water splitting to renewably produce hydrogen and provide a path into the hydrogen economy, the preferred sustainable fuel-based economy. We then present arguments against PEC carbon dioxide reduction as a path to liquid fuels based on both scale, economic and qualitative thermodynamic considerations. PEC hydrogen could aid liquid fuels production by reacting it with gasified coal or biomass and save energy and carbon dioxide emissions by replacing methane as a source of hydrogen in the production of ammonia.
Strong interactions of anionic peptides and alkaline earth metal ions: metal-ion-bound peptides in the gas phase (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStrong interactions of anionic peptides and alkaline earth metal ions: metal-ion-bound peptides in the gas phasePeifeng Hu and Michael L. GrossCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 23, 9153–9160Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00049a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00049a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Capacities of equivalent channels inmultilevel coding schemes (1994)

The channel capacity of an M-ary digital transmission scheme M > 2 can in principle be achieved by multilevel codes together with multistage decoding, if the rates of the component codes are equal to the capacities of the equivalent channels for each coding level.
Problem Based Learning (PBL) - A Case Study From Environmental Sciences (2001)

The use of case studies in the context of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is described. A rationale for the use of a problem-based approach is given together with some key features that arise. Two case studies are described briefly in terms of their relevance to an interdisciplinary subject area (Environmental Sciences), their content, some operational aspects, and their applicability in the teaching of key skills. Some positive features of using this style of teaching are discussed with reference to student feedback and tutor observation. In addition, the impact of using a problem-based approach on, e.g. time and other resources, is also highlighted. These are considered to be particularly relevant within the contexts of students’ expectations of teaching and assessment, demands on tutors’ subject knowledge, and access to information sources.
Pathogenicity of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycetes) to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) (1997)

The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is highly pathogenic to the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis. Spore concentrations of 10(8)/ml for engorged larvae and 10(7)/ml for engorged females resulted in 100% tick mortality, 2 wk postinfection. The LC50 value for engorged larvae (concentration to kill 50% of ticks) was 10(7) spores/ml. Metarhizium anisopliae shows considerable potential as a microbial control agent for the management of Ixodes scapularis.
Purification of the 7S Component of Soybean Proteins (1965)

Ultracentrifugal studies1,2) on the waterextractable soybean proteins have revealed four fractions with sedimentation constants of about 2, 7, 11 and 15S at pH 7.6, 0.5 ionic strength.Among them, the 11S component has been extensively studied3•`8) and purified ultracentrifugally from the cold-insoluble frac tion by gel filtration.9)
Inheritance and Characterization of a Null Allele for Group A Acetyl Saponins found in a Mutant Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). (1999)

A total of 801 cultivated soybean accessions and 330 wild soybean accessions were screened for genotypes lacking group A acetyl saponins in seed hypocotyls using thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Only one accession from the soybean cultivars, A-b(F) Iacked group A acetyl saponins but it had an unknown saponin. The inheritance of a null allele for group A acetyl saponins in soybeans was determined by crosses between A-b(F) and Shirosennari, which had group A acetyl saponin Aa, and Suzuyutaka, which had group A acetyl saponin Ab, respectively. All F1 seeds from these crosses had Aa and Ab respectively. F2 seeds resulting from these crosses segregated 3:1 indicating that the absence of group A acetyl saponins is inherited as a simple recessive. The gene symbol Sg-1 is assigned to the allele coding for the absence of group A acetyl saponins, Sg-1a for the presence of group A acetyl saponin Aa and Sg-1b for the presence of group A acetyl saponin Ab, respectively. Sg-1a and Sg-1b are co-dominant alleles. Through FAB-MS and chemical analyses, the unknown saponin accumulated in the seed hypocotyls of A-b(F), was assumed to be 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-22-O-[α-L-arabino-pyranosyl] soyasapogenol A.
Cephalosporins with the Dichiorophenyl Group at C-7 Position and Pyrimidines at C-3 Position Exhibiting Potent Activity against Gram-positive Strains (2004)

Nowadays, multidrug-resistant strains of Gram-positive bacteria caused nosocomial infection have great interest in the world.1) In the hospitals, antibacterial drugs like
A critical review of the application of polymer of low concern and regulatory criteria to fluoropolymers (2018)

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of fluorinated substances that are in the focus of researchers and regulators due to widespread presence in the environment and biota, including humans, of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Fluoropolymers, high molecular weight polymers, have unique properties that constitute a distinct class within the PFAS group. Fluoropolymers have thermal, chemical, photochemical, hydrolytic, oxidative, and biological stability. They have negligible residual monomer and oligomer content and low to no leachables. Fluoropolymers are practically insoluble in water and not subject to long-range transport. With a molecular weight well over 100 000 Da, fluoropolymers cannot cross the cell membrane. Fluoropolymers are not bioavailable or bioaccumulative, as evidenced by toxicology studies on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE): acute and subchronic systemic toxicity, irritation, sensitization, local toxicity on implantation, cytotoxicity, in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity, hemolysis, complement activation, and thrombogenicity. Clinical studies of patients receiving permanently implanted PTFE cardiovascular medical devices demonstrate no chronic toxicity or carcinogenicity and no reproductive, developmental, or endocrine toxicity. This paper brings together fluoropolymer toxicity data, human clinical data, and physical, chemical, thermal, and biological data for review and assessment to show that fluoropolymers satisfy widely accepted assessment criteria to be considered as "polymers of low concern" (PLC). This review concludes that fluoropolymers are distinctly different from other polymeric and nonpolymeric PFAS and should be separated from them for hazard assessment or regulatory purposes. Grouping fluoropolymers with all classes of PFAS for "read across" or structure-activity relationship assessment is not scientifically appropriate. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:316-334. © 2018 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Thermoresponsive giant biohybrid amphiphiles (2010)

A series of random copolymers of various lengths was prepared by atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP) using two acrylate monomers with short pendant ethylene glycol side chains (ethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate, EGMEA, and methoxy ethoxy ethyl acrylate, MEEA). The end group was converted to an azide to enable bioconjugation through copper-catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). All polymers were found to be thermoresponsive, with a cloud point between 25 and 35 °C depending on their molecular weight. They were conjugated to enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) functionalised with a single alkyne moiety, as seen by fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC) and gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The resulting biohybrid amphiphiles were thermoresponsive. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study their self-assembly at elevated temperatures, and they were found to form spherical structures with a diameter of approximately 60 nm upon slow heating.
An Identity-Based Fault-Tolerant Conference Key Distribution Scheme (2006)

A fault-tolerant conference key distribution scheme based on mechanism of identity-based cryptography and (t,n) threshold secret sharing is proposed in this paper This scheme is much different to traditional ones, its secret shadows are not brought from the sponsor of conference, but from each server's private key signature. By getting together these n secret shadows, the sponsor can construct polynomial. Any of conferees invited by the sponsor can request these secret shadows from t of these n servers, and then restitute conference key by them. In all courses of conference key distribution and reconstruction, every member's identity can be easily validated, so it can be prevented from all kinds of cheat
Computer aided breast calcification auto-detection in cone beam breast CT (2010)

In Cone Beam Breast CT (CBBCT), breast calcifications have higher intensities than the surrounding tissues. Without the superposition of breast structures, the three-dimensional distribution of the calcifications can be revealed. In this research, based on the fact that calcifications have higher contrast, a local thresholding and a histogram thresholding were used to select candidate calcification areas. Six features were extracted from each candidate calcification: average foreground CT number value, foreground CT number standard deviation, average background CT number value, background CT number standard deviation, foreground-background contrast, and average edge gradient. To reduce the false positive candidate calcifications, a feed-forward back propagation artificial neural network was designed. The artificial neural network was trained with the radiologists confirmed calcifications and used as classifier in the calcification auto-detection task. In the preliminary experiments, 90% of the calcifications in the testing data sets were detected correctly with an average of 10 false positives per data set.