gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Species of Phosphatidylinositol-Cycle Intermediates in the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Plasma Membrane (2009)

Phosphatidylinositol (PI) turnover is a process requiring both the plasma and ER membranes. We have determined the distribution of phosphatidic acid (PA) and PI and their acyl chain compositions in these two subcellular membranes using mass spectrometry. We assessed the role of PI cycling in determining the molecular species and quantity of these lipids by comparing the compositions of the two membranes isolated from embryonic fibroblasts obtained from diacylglycerol kinase epsilon (DGKepsilon) knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. In the KO cells, the conversion of arachidonoyl-rich DAG to PA is blocked by the absence of DGKepsilon, resulting in a reduction in the rate of PI cycling. The acyl chain composition is very similar for PI and PA in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) versus plasma membrane (PM) and for WT versus KO. However, the acyl chain profile for PI is very different from that for PA. This indicates that DGKepsilon is not facilitating the direct transfer of a specific species of PA between the PM and the ER. Approximately 20% of the PA in the ER membrane has one short acyl chain of 14 or fewer carbons. These species of PA are not converted into PI but may play a role in stabilizing regions of high positive curvature in the ER. There are also PI species in both the ER and PM for which there is no detectable PA precursor, indicating that these species of PI are unlikely to arise via the PI cycle. We find that in the PM of KO cells the levels of PI and of PA are decreased approximately 3-fold in comparison with those in either the PM of WT cells or the ER of KO cells. The PI cycle is slowed in the KO cells; hence, the lipid intermediates of the PI cycle can no longer be interconverted and are depleted from the PI cycle by conversion to other species. There is less of an effect of the depletion in the ER where de novo synthesis of PA occurs in comparison with the PM.
Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Barium‐Cadmium‐Thiostannat (iv) BaCdSnS<sub>4</sub> (1980)

Abstract BaCdSnS 4 wurde erstmals präpariert und die Kristallstruktur an Einkristallen bestimmt. Gitterkonstanten: a = 2186 ± 2; b = 2169 ± 1; c = 1318 ± 0,5 pm. Raumgruppe C ‐Fdd2. Die Kristallstruktur enthält Doppeltetraeder [CdSnS 4 ] 2− . Sie sind in charakteristischer Weise zu zweidimensionalen, unendlichen Netzen verknüpft. Der Aufbau der Kristallstruktur wird beschrieben und diskutiert.
Thianthrene 5‐Oxide as Mechanistic Probe in Oxygen Transfer Reactions: The Nucleophilic Character of Carbonyl Oxides (1986)

The charge distribution in carbonyl oxides 1 can be studied with thianthrene 5-oxide 2: Compound 2 is oxidized at the sulfoxide sulfur by strongly nucleophilic oxidizing agents, and at the sulfide sulfur by strongly electrophilic oxidizing agents. According to experimental findings with twelve carbonyl oxides the resonance structure 1 largely contributes to the description of the bonding situation in these intermediates.
Tinnitus: pharmacological topodiagnosis. (2004)

The difficulty of accurately localizing the source of subjective tinnitus is well-known. Anamnesis and traditional audiological tests can often suggest a source if its origin as peripheral or merely central (or both). Therefore, several authors, such as Risey, Denk, and Shulman, recently proposed identifying the source of subjective tinnitus through the evaluation of the responses reported by patients to adequate pharmacological treatments. Our study presents a useful plan to perform tinnitus topodiagnosis, which consists of specific audiological tests evaluating the characteristics of symptoms (annoyance, pitch, loudness, hyperacusis) and of several pharmacological tests carried out through the administration of particular drugs, the pharmacodynamic mechanisms and meaningful side effects of which are described. On the basis of pharmacological effects on tinnitometry, some drugs will be combined.
Smooth surface reconstruction via natural neighbour interpolation of distance functions (2000)

We present an algorithm to reconstruct smooth surfaces of arbitrary topology from unorganised sample points and normals. The method uses natural neighbour interpolation, works in any dimension and allows to deal with non uniform samples. The reconstructed surface is a smooth manifold passing through all the sample points. This surface is implicitly represented as the zero-set of some pseudo-distance function. It can be meshed so as to satisfy a user-defined error bound. Experimental results are presented for surfaces in R^3.
White-Box Traceable Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption Supporting Flexible Attributes (2015)

Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) enables fine-grained access control to the encrypted data for commercial applications. There has been significant progress in CP-ABE over the recent years because of two properties called traceability and large universe, greatly enriching the commercial applications of CP-ABE. Traceability is the ability of ABE to trace the malicious users or traitors who intentionally leak the partial or modified decryption keys for profits. Nevertheless, due to the nature of CP-ABE, it is difficult to identify the original key owner from an exposed key since the decryption privilege is shared by multiple users who have the same attributes. On the other hand, the property of large universe in ABE enlarges the practical applications by supporting flexible number of attributes. Several systems have been proposed to obtain either of the above properties. However, none of them achieve the two properties simultaneously in practice, which limits the commercial applications of CP-ABE to a certain extent. In this paper, we propose two practical large universe CP-ABE systems supporting white-box traceability. Compared with existing systems, both the two proposed systems have two advantages: 1) the number of attributes is not polynomially bounded and 2) malicious users who leak their decryption keys could be traced. Moreover, another remarkable advantage of the second proposed system is that the storage overhead for traitor tracing is constant, which are suitable for commercial applications.
Hydrogen-Bonded Aryl Amide Macrocycles:  Synthesis, Single-Crystal Structures, and Stacking Interactions with Fullerenes and Coronene (2008)

Six hydrogen-bonded shape-persistent aryl amide macrocycles have been prepared by using one-step and (for some) step-by-step approaches. From the one-step reactions, 3 + 3, 2 + 2, or even 1 + 1 macrocycles were obtained in modest to good yields. The reaction selectivity was highly dependent on the structures of the precursors. The X-ray structural analysis of two methoxyl-bearing macrocycles revealed intramolecular hydrogen bonding and weak intermolecular stacking interaction; no column-styled stacking structures were observed. The 1H (DOSY) NMR, UV-vis, and fluorescent experiments indicated that the new rigidified macrocycles complex fullerenes or coronene in chloroform through intermolecular pi-stacking interaction. The association constants of the corresponding 1:1 complexes have been determined if the stacking was able to cause important fluorescent quenching of the macrocycles or coronene.
The isolation of salmonellas from animal feedingstuffs (1967)

A technique is described for the routine isolation of salmonellas from meat and bone meal samples used in animal feedingstuffs. The technique more than doubled the number of positives obtained by an orthodox method. Identical samples were used in the trial.
Association of PCR and feeding bioassays as a large-scale method to screen tropical Bacillus thuringiensis isolates for a cry constitution with higher insecticidal effect against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae (2001)

The approach presented is promising as a simple and efficient method for first-tier, marker-assisted screening of environment-specific B.t. germplasm effective in controlling a single target pest.
CHIRAL EXTENSION OF THE STANDARD MODEL (1995)

The chiral extension of the minimal standard model makes quarks with two chiralities present parallely. Some interesting questions, such as the possibility that leptons are made of additional leptonic quarks and the proton decay are discussed.
Ancestral Inference from Samples of DNA Sequences with Recombination (1996)

The sampling distribution of a collection of DNA sequences is studied under a model where recombination can occur in the ancestry of the sequences. The infinitely-many-sites model of mutation is assumed where there may only be one mutation at a given site. Ancestral inference procedures are discussed for: estimating recombination and mutation rates; estimating the times to the most recent common ancestors along the sequences; estimating ages of mutations; and estimating the number of recombination events in the ancestry of the sample. Inferences are made conditional on the configuration of the pattern of mutations at sites in observed sample sequences. A computational algorithm based on a Markov chain simulation is developed, implemented, and illustrated with examples for these inference procedures. This algorithm is very computationally intensive.
<title>Phenomenon of cartilage shaping using moderate heating and its applications in otorhinolaryngology</title> (1996)

We have established that the phenomenon of cartilage shaping under the laser irradiation is connected with the bound-to-free transformation of water at a temperature around 70 degrees Celsius. The process of laser-induced stress relaxation in cartilage is accompanied and may be detected by the (1) mechanical, (2) thermal, and (3) optical effects. No pronounced structure effects were observed, for optimal conditions of the laser shaping of cartilage. The significance for otolaryngology of new laser applications for the shaping of cartilage is discussed.
The influence of pre‐carbonization on the properties of PAN‐based carbon fibers developed by two‐stage continuous carbonization and air oxidation (1995)

Abstract The Properties of three kinds of carbon fibers, which were pre‐carbonized at 500, 550, and 600°C during two‐stage continuous carbonization, were measured after being air oxidized for periods of 1 to 6 min at 550°C. The effects of precarbonization temperatures on mechanical properties, density, morphology, elemental compositions, and microstructure of the carbon fibers are discussed. The pre‐carbonization process affected strongly the surface properties and mechanical properties of the final carbon fibers, as measured after air oxidation. Carbon fibers measured one to six min after air oxidation showed a different oxidation behavior in the surface morphology for each pre‐carbonization temperature. Optimum conditions not only improved the tensile strength and modulus by over 50%, but also increased the density and oxygen content.
First Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Tejedine (2002)

[structure: see text] The first enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-tejedine (1) is reported. Tejedine is a seco-bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline isolated in 1998 as a minor component from Berberis vulgaris. The synthesis was achieved using a strategy employing four key steps, including a chiral auxiliary-assisted diastereoselective Bischler-Napieralski cyclization.
Hollow porous carbon nanospheres with large surface area and stability, assembled from oxidized fullerenes (2005)

Hollow porous carbon nanospheres with large surface area and stability were self-assembled using gentle oxidization of fullerenes. The C60 framework, functional groups, composition, structure, surface area and stability of the nanospheres were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, solid state 13C NMR spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, adsorption and thermogravimetric analysis. The narrow distribution of the nanospheres was centred on 8 nm, the BET surface area was 222.63 m2 g−1, and the residue at 1000 °C was 75%. Thus, a novel nanomaterial with the highest surface area and highest stability in the family of fullerenes has been prepared.
Reliability-based Partial Parallel Interference Cancellation and Iterative Decoding for DS-CDMA over Fading Channels (2007)

Multistage partial parallel interference cancellation (PPIC) is proposed for turbo-encoded DS-CDMA systems where the partial cancellation factors are derived based on the log-likelihood ratios (LLR's) of each user's bit. The LLR is obtained based on an enhanced estimate of the variance of the multiple- access interference (MAI) and residual MAI (RMAI) plus noise. The (R)MAI terms are modeled as conditionally Gaussian with a time-dependent variance that is a function of the user cross-correlations and fading coefficients. Significant performance gains due to the improved LLR's are realized over PPIC schemes using fixed variance estimates in frequency non-selective Rayleigh fading channels. The performance gap is greater when two stages of the improved PPIC are used. Reduced complexity forms of the variance estimates and LLR's are proposed and also shown to give a performance advantage.
CONTINUOUS EDGE GRADIENT-BASED TEMPLATE MATCHING FOR ARTICULATED OBJECTS (2009)

Detection of articulated objects in images, including location and state, is an important and challenging task in many object tracking applications. Image edges have proven to be a key feature, although their quality is influenced by many factors. In this paper, we propose a novel edge gradient-based template matching method for object detection. In contrast to other methods, ours does not perform any binarization or discretization during the online matching. This is facilitated by a new continuous edge gradient similarity measure. Its main components are a novel edge gradient operator, which is applied to query and template images, and the formulation as a convolution, which can be computed very efficiently in Fourier space. Our method consists of a preprocessing stage for the template images, a simple preprocessing of the query image, and our similarity measure between template and query image, which yields a confidence map for the query image. The resulting confidence map can be used for the final object localization. We compared our method to a state-of-the-art chamfer-based matching method. The results demonstrate that our method is much more robust against weak edge response and yields much better confidence maps with fewer maxima that are also more significant. In addition, our method lends itself well to efficient implementation on GPUs: at a query image resolution of 320× 256 and a template resolution of 80× 80 we can generate about 330 confidence maps per second.
Syntheses and characterizations of two copolymers containing cone conformations of calix[4]arenes in the polymer backbone (1998)

M. T. Blanda and E. Adou, Chem. Commun., 1998, 139 DOI: 10.1039/A704122E
Cryptophane-Folate Biosensor for <sup>129</sup>Xe NMR (2014)

Folate-conjugated cryptophane was developed for targeting cryptophane to membrane-bound folate receptors that are overexpressed in many human cancers. The cryptophane biosensor was synthesized in 20 nonlinear steps, which included functionalization with folate recognition moiety, solubilizing peptide, and Cy3 fluorophore. Hyperpolarized (129)Xe NMR studies confirmed xenon binding to the folate-conjugated cryptophane. Cellular internalization of biosensor was monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy and quantified by flow cytometry. Competitive blocking studies confirmed cryptophane endocytosis through a folate receptor-mediated pathway. Flow cytometry revealed 10-fold higher cellular internalization in KB cancer cells overexpressing folate receptors compared to HT-1080 cells with normal folate receptor expression. The biosensor was determined to be nontoxic in HT-1080 and KB cells by MTT assay at low micromolar concentrations typically used for hyperpolarized (129)Xe NMR experiments.
Tranexamic Acid Reduces Blood Loss, Transfusion Requirements, and Coagulation Factor Use in Primary Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (1996)

High-dose tranexamic acid significantly reduces intraoperative blood loss and perioperative donor exposure in patients with end-stage parenchymal liver disease who are undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation, with marked reductions in platelet and cryoprecipitate requirements.
The clinical development candidate CCT245737 is an orally active CHK1 inhibitor with preclinical activity in RAS mutant NSCLC and Eμ-MYC driven B-cell lymphoma (2015)

CCT245737 is the first orally active, clinical development candidate CHK1 inhibitor to be described. The IC50 was 1.4 nM against CHK1 enzyme and it exhibited>1,000-fold selectivity against CHK2 and CDK1. CCT245737 potently inhibited cellular CHK1 activity (IC50 30-220 nM) and enhanced gemcitabine and SN38 cytotoxicity in multiple human tumor cell lines and human tumor xenograft models. Mouse oral bioavailability was complete (100%) with extensive tumor exposure. Genotoxic-induced CHK1 activity (pS296 CHK1) and cell cycle arrest (pY15 CDK1) were inhibited both in vitro and in human tumor xenografts by CCT245737, causing increased DNA damage and apoptosis. Uniquely, we show CCT245737 enhanced gemcitabine antitumor activity to a greater degree than for higher doses of either agent alone, without increasing toxicity, indicating a true therapeutic advantage for this combination. Furthermore, development of a novel ELISA assay for pS296 CHK1 autophosphorylation, allowed the quantitative measurement of target inhibition in a RAS mutant human tumor xenograft of NSCLC at efficacious doses of CCT245737. Finally, CCT245737 also showed significant single-agent activity against a MYC-driven mouse model of B-cell lymphoma. In conclusion, CCT245737 is a new CHK1 inhibitor clinical development candidate scheduled for a first in man Phase I clinical trial, that will use the novel pS296 CHK1 ELISA to monitor target inhibition.
Plasma doping (PD) for ultra-shallow junction (2008)

Semiconductors have been successfully produced by the miniaturization of planar transistors and their transformation into a 3D structure. This innovation will realize ideal performance in electric devices. In this article, plasma doping combined with He plasma amorphization (He-PA) and several state-of-the-art rapid thermal processing is shown to be a technology for enabling the fabrication of miniaturized 2D devices and advanced 3D structures.
Site-binding model of the electrical double layer at the oxide/water interface (1974)

A site-binding model of the oxide/aqueous electrolyte interface is introduced, in which it is proposed that the adsorbed counter ions form interfacial ion pairs with discrete charged surface groups. This model is used to calculate theoretical surface charge densities of the potential-determining (H+/OH–) ions and the potential at the Outer Helmholtz Plane, which are shown to be consistent with experimental data for oxides. An explanation is provided for the difference between silica and most other oxides in terms of the dissociation constants of the surface hydroxyl groups.
Functionalization of Block Copolymer Vesicle Surfaces (2011)

In dilute aqueous solutions certain amphiphilic block copolymers self-assemble into vesicles that enclose a small pool of water with a membrane. Such polymersomes have promising applications ranging from targeted drug-delivery devices, to biosensors, and nanoreactors. Interactions between block copolymer membranes and their surroundings are important factors that determine their potential biomedical applications. Such interactions are influenced predominantly by the membrane surface. We review methods to functionalize block copolymer vesicle surfaces by chemical means with ligands such as antibodies, adhesion moieties, enzymes, carbohydrates and fluorophores. Furthermore, surface-functionalization can be achieved by self-assembly of polymers that carry ligands at their chain ends or in their hydrophilic blocks. While this review focuses on the strategies to functionalize vesicle surfaces, the applications realized by, and envisioned for, such functional polymersomes are also highlighted.
Levodopa-related motor complications-Phenomenology (2008)

Long term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) results in a range of problems. These include fluctuations in FD symptoms termed motor fluctuations, as well as non-motor symptoms, termed non-motor fluctuations. Here we review the phenomenology and methods of assessing these levodopa-related complications.
Towards a convergent digital home network infrastructure (2011)

Many communication standards are available to set up consumer home networks. An intelligent combination of wired and wireless communication technologies allows exploiting many technology specific advantages while compensating disadvantages. Such a convergent digital home network infrastructure increases robustness, coverage range and availability of applications and services. In this paper, we discuss the general concept of such home networks. We present the Inter-MAC convergence sublayer as a very first approach to this concept. With the help of a typical scenario we demonstrate its feasibility. The recently initiated standardization activity IEEE P1905.1 is introduced. A global standard for convergent digital home networks can be the basis for a user-friendly network of consumer electronic devices in the home.
Periodontal disease and systemic health: current status (2009)

The relationship between poor oral health and systemic diseases has been increasingly recognized over the past two decades. Indeed, the clichés "You cannot have good general health without good oral health", "The mouth is part of the body" and "Floss or die", are gaining an increasing momentum. A large number of epidemiological studies have now linked poor oral health with cardiovascular diseases, poor glycaemic control in diabetics, low birthweight preterm babies and a variety of other conditions. The majority have shown an association, although not always strong. As a result, a number of meta-analyses have been conducted and have confirmed the associations and at the same time cautioned that further studies are required, particularly with regard to the effect of periodontal treatment in reducing risk. A number of biologically plausible mechanisms have been put forward to explain the association and there is accumulating evidence in support of them, although at this stage, insufficient to establish causality. Nevertheless, the relationship between poor oral health and systemic diseases has become a significant issue, such that adult oral health can no longer be ignored in overall health strategies. This review provides an update on current understanding of the contribution of poor oral health to systemic diseases, the possible mechanisms involved and the relevance of this for general dental practitioners.
Synthesis of BC Ring-Systems of Taxol by Ring-Closing Metathesis (2000)

International audience