gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surviving failures in bandwidth-constrained datacenters (2012)

Datacenter networks have been designed to tolerate failures of network equipment and provide sufficient bandwidth. In practice, however, failures and maintenance of networking and power equipment often make tens to thousands of servers unavailable, and network congestion can increase service latency. Unfortunately, there exists an inherent tradeoff between achieving high fault tolerance and reducing bandwidth usage in network core; spreading servers across fault domains improves fault tolerance, but requires additional bandwidth, while deploying servers together reduces bandwidth usage, but also decreases fault tolerance. We present a detailed analysis of a large-scale Web application and its communication patterns. Based on that, we propose and evaluate a novel optimization framework that achieves both high fault tolerance and significantly reduces bandwidth usage in the network core by exploiting the skewness in the observed communication patterns.
The reactivity of phosphate esters. Reactions of diesters with nucleophiles (1970)

The reactions of a wide range of nucleophiles with a series of aryl methyl phosphate ester anions involve concerted nucleophilic displacement at phosphorus. The attack of neutral nucleophiles is slower than the corresponding reactions of both triesters and monoester monoanions. SN2(P) reactions involving the attack of anions on phosphate diester anions are observed, and are shown to be retarded by a factor of ca. 100 times in rate, which is ascribed to an adverse electrostatic effect. Sensitivities to both nucleophile and leaving group are considerable, and show some dependence on reactivity: they are also apparently affected by the electrostatic effect.
Convenient Synthesis of Poly(butylene succinate) Catalyzed by Distannoxane (2000)

Abstract A convenient method for the synthesis of poly(butylene succinate) (1) of high molecular weight has been developed. This polyester was prepared readily by the distannoxane-catalyzed polycondensation of succinic acid (2) with 1,4-butanediol (3) in decalin at 190 °C under azeotropic condition. The polycondensation proceeded in decalin-melted polymer two-phase, giving 1 with the number average molecular weight of 150000.
Food and Diet (2006)

This chapter discusses the information about food costs and diet contained in the Theophanes memoranda. Theophanes' party consisted of a number of assistants of higher status and a larger group of slave attendants. It seemed possible to identify and to define the status of some of its more prominent members. As Theophanes' party was accustomed to cook for itself at Antioch, and give the sheer variety of foodstuffs appearing in the memoranda both at Antioch and during the journey home, it is reasonable to suppose that the party included a chef. The more privileged members of Theophanes' party should be distinguished from the paidia at large, the slaves of lower rank who supported the enterprise of the journey in its more mundane aspects such as loading and unloading wagons.
Paradoxical Erythroid Hypoplasia and Anemia in Standardbred Racehorses Following Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Administration (1997)

The administration of recombinant human erythropoietin to horses may be associated with severe debilitating disease. In some horses, antibodies may be produced that cross react with endogenous equine erythropoietin, resulting in erythroid hypoplasia and anemia. Authors’ addresses: The Ohio State Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Columbus, OH 43210 (Piercy and Hinchcliff) and The College of Veterinary Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (Swardson). r 1997 AAEP.
Genetics of stem cells (2012)

This special volume of Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science focuses on the genetics of stem cells. Key features: contributions from leading authorities; and informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field.
High gain, high power Nd3+ fiber laser at 1427nm (2016)

Abstract not provided
Estimates and Determinants of Valid Self-Reports of Musculoskeletal Disease in the Elderly (1993)

This study examined the extent and nature of bias associated with self-reported versus standardized physician-examination/assessment-based accounts of musculoskeletal disease in a sample of 406 persons chosen to represent an aging and dependency continuum. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disease based on standardized physician examination/assessments was 97%. Using the standardized findings as the criterion, the self-report underestimated prevalence by 16%. Overall, the results indicated that self-reports of musculoskeletal conditions by the elderly capture the vast majority of persons with painful or functionally significant disease and are most valid for persons from ages 65 to 74 but do not reflect the presence of asymptomatic joint pathology. Standardized physician examinations/assessments would more accurately determine the presence of risk factors in epidemiological studies of musculoskeletal disability.
VEGF and bone cell signalling: an essential vessel for communication? (2012)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell survival factor and is required for effective coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Although central to bone homeostasis, repair and the pathobiology that affect these processes, the precise mechanisms coupling endothelial cell function within bone formation and remodelling remain unclarified. This review will (i) focus on the potential directionality of VEGF signalling in adult bone by identifying the predominant source of VEGF within the bone microenvironment, (ii) will summarize current VEGF receptor expression studies by bone cells and (iii) will provide evidence for a role for VEGF signalling during postnatal repair and osteoporosis. A means of understanding the directionality of VEGF signalling in adult bone would allow us to most effectively target angiogenic pathways in diseases characterized by changes in bone remodelling rates and enhance bone repair when compromised.
Gestión - Información - Conocimiento (2002)

El título de la ponencia no es caprichoso porque suponemos que es de importancia desarrollar elementos de elaboración como de gestión que nos permita planificar, acceder, evaluar y diseminar la información; además de respetar la información en sí, con el fin de llegar al estado del conocimiento. \n\nExisten elementos donde conforman un desarrollo como : gestión ¿ datos ¿ información ¿ conocimiento, donde podemos tratarlo en forma diferencial o en conjunto según el tratamiento que deseemos. Este proceso lo denominamos desarrollo o ciclo inicial que son los eslabones de esta cadena; una vez concluido pasa a disponerse como información primaria, dejando librado para el inicio o no de otro desarrollo posterior.
Control of particle size in dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (1993)

Abstract Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles ranging in diameter from 2 to 10 μm were prepared by dispersion polymerization. The effects of various polymerization parameters on the size and monodispersity were systematically investigated. The particle size was found to increase with increasing polymerization temperature, concentration and decomposition rate of the initiator, and solvency of the dispersion medium. It also increased with increasing concentration and molecular weight of the polymeric stabilizer, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP). As the monomer concentration was increased from 5 to 20 wt %, a minimum was found in the particle size at a monomer concentration of 10 wt %. A costabilizer was found to be necessary for preparing monodisperse particles at stabilizer concentrations below 2 wt %. A recycling experiment showed that the consumption of PVP was quite small in each cycle and the residual materials in this system could be reused readily. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Crosslinking studies on the CA<sup>2+</sup>, MG<sup>2+</sup>‐activated ATPase of escherichia coli (1975)

Crosslinking of membrane proteins of Escherichia coli with dithiobis (succinimidyl propionate) (DSP) resulted in loss of several enzyme activities including the Ca2+, Mg2+-activated ATPase. This enzyme was crosslinked by DSP to the membrane and was not released by dialysis at low ionic strength in the absence of dithiothreitol which could cleave the crosslinking group. DSP inactivated both phosphohydrolase and coupling activities of the solubilized ATPase. Loss of hydrolytic activity could be correlated with the extent of reaction of the alpha and/or beta subunits of the enzyme. The loss of coupling activity appeared to be associated with modification of the gamma and/or delta subunits.
STUDIES IN THE DIPHENIC ACID SERIES. II (1924)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTUDIES IN THE DIPHENIC ACID SERIES. IIH. W. Underwood Jr. and E. L. KochmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1924, 46, 9, 2069–2078Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1924Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1924https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01674a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01674a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of 6,7‐dimethoxypyrimido[4,5‐<i>b</i>]‐indoles as potential antihypertensive agents (1988)

Abstract Using ethyl 5,7‐dimethoxy‐2‐amino‐3‐indolecarboxylate as a synthon, routes are described for the synthesis of the title compounds bearing alkylamino moieties in the 2 and 4‐positions. Some of the compounds displayed antihypertensive activity.
Adaptive Power Management for Data Center in Smart Grid Environment (2012)

We propose an adaptive power management (APM) algorithm for a data center with an objective to minimize the total cost of power bought from an electrical grid. This APM algorithm is developed for a smart grid environment which is envisioned to be a cooperative, responsive, and economical power system. In particular, APM algorithm takes the spot power price from an electrical grid, the power supply from a renewable power source, and users' demand in terms of application workload processing into account when managing the power consumption. Therefore, an APM algorithm is considered to be the demand side management in a smart grid. To obtain an optimal decision of the APM algorithm, an optimization model based on stochastic programming with multi-stage recourse is developed. This optimization model considers various uncertainties and is able to determine the optimal solution for the APM algorithm. The APM algorithm is evaluated by numerical studies. The numerical results clearly show that the APM algorithm can minimize the power cost of a data center.
Real-Time Activity Recognition in Wireless Body Sensor Networks: From Simple Gestures to Complex Activities (2010)

Real-time activity recognition using body sensor networks is an important and challenging task and it has many potential applications. In this paper, we propose a real time, hierarchical model to recognize both simple gestures and complex activities using a wireless body sensor network. In this model, we first use a fast, lightweight template matching algorithm to detect gestures at the sensor node level, and then use a discriminative pattern based real-time algorithm to recognize high-level activities at the portable device level. We evaluate our algorithms over a real-world dataset. The results show that the proposed system not only achieves good performance (an average precision of 94.9%, an average recall of 82.5%, and an average real-time delay of 5.7 seconds), but also significantly reduces the network communication cost by 60.2%.
Spiking neural network with RRAM: can we use it for real-world application? (2015)

The spiking neural network (SNN) provides a promising solution to drastically promote the performance and efficiency of computing systems. Previous work of SNN mainly focus on increasing the scalability and level of realism in a neural simulation, while few of them support practical cognitive applications with acceptable performance. At the same time, based on the traditional CMOS technology, the efficiency of SNN systems is also unsatisfactory. In this work, we explore different training algorithms of SNN for real-world applications, and demonstrate that the Neural Sampling method is much more effective than Spiking Time Dependent Plasticity (STDP) and Remote Supervision Method (ReSuMe). We also propose an energy efficient implementation of SNN with the emerging metal-oxide resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices, which includes an RRAM crossbar array works as network synapses, an analog design of the spike neuron, and an input encoding scheme. A parameter mapping algorithm is also introduced to configure the RRAM-based SNN. Simulation results illustrate that the system achieves 91.2% accuracy on the MNIST dataset with an ultra-low power consumption of 3.5mW. Moreover, the RRAM-based SNN system demonstrates great robustness to 20% process variation with less than 1% accuracy decrease, and can tolerate 20% signal fluctuation with about 2% accuracy loss. These results reveal that the RRAM-based SNN will be quite easy to be physically realized.
Annular aperture array based color filter (2011)

In this letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a color filter based on an annular aperture geometry working in the visible range. The device is built by configuring an array of annular apertures in a gold film suitable for transmission measurement. We show effective fine tuning of resonance peaks through precise geometric control of the aperture dimensions. Selective transmission through annular apertures of various sizes leads to continuous color tuning of transmitted electromagnetic waves. This may find potential for application in high-definition displays, optical filters, ultrafast switching, and bio-sensing.
Extraction of Collagen/Gelatin from the Marine Demosponge <i>Chondrosia reniformis</i> (Nardo, 1847) Using Water Acidified with Carbon Dioxide – Process Optimization (2016)

Marine sponges are a rich source of natural bioactive compounds. One of the most abundant valuable products is collagen/gelatin, which presents an interesting alternative source for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. We have previously proposed an innovative green technology for the extraction of collagen/gelatin from marine sponges based in water acidified with carbon dioxide. In this work, we have optimized the process operating conditions toward high yields and collagen quality as well as to reduce extraction procedure duration and energy consumption. The process extraction efficiency is higher than 50%, corresponding to a yield of approximately 10% of the sponge dry mass, obtained for mild operating conditions of 10 bar and 3 h. The extracted material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), rheology, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), circular dichroism (CD), amino acid analysis, and SDS-PAGE. The extracts were found to be composed of highly pure mixtures of collagen and gelatin with similar properties to collagen isolated from other marine sources. The cytotoxicity evaluation, performed with L929 cells, has proven the biocompatibility of the material extracted. Overall, the results obtained demonstrate the efficiency of this approach and the high industrial potential of this technology to obtain marine collagen/gelatin with properties suitable for biomedical applications.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Allenyl Oxindoles and Spirooxindoles by a Catalytic Enantioselective Saucy–Marbet Claisen Rearrangement (2012)

Saucy selection: The first catalytic, enantioselective Saucy–Marbet Claisen rearrangement has been achieved. Palladium(II) (R)-binap or tBuphox catalysts L*Pd(SbF6)2 were employed to generate allenyl oxindoles or spirolactones bearing a quaternary center with up to 98 % ee. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Microbial Ecology in the Era of Next Generation Sequencing (2015)

Ribosomal RNA is largely used for the study of uncultured bacteria as it has several advantages. The 16S gene occurs in all living organisms with the notable exception of viruses and represents more than 80% of total bacterial RNA found in every living cell and generally stable
Collaborative extensions for the UpLib system (2004)

The UpLib personal digital library system is specifically designed for secure use by a single individual. However, collaborative operation of multiple UpLib repositories is still possible. This paper describes two mechanisms that have been added to UpLib to facilitate community building around individual document collections.
Protein Expression Profile of the Mouse Metaphase-II Oocyte (2008)

The mature oocyte contains the full complement of maternal proteins required for fertilization, the transition to zygotic transcription, and the beginning stages of embryogenesis. Many of these proteins have yet to be characterized. In this study, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) of mouse metaphase-II (MII) oocyte proteins, stained with silver staining or Pro-Q Diamond dye, was performed to describe the proteome and phosphoproteome of the mouse oocyte derived from ICR mice. A total of 869 selected protein spots, corresponding to 380 unique proteins, were identified successfully by mass spectrometry, in which 90 protein spots representing 53 unique proteins have been stained with Pro-Q Diamond, indicating that they are in phosphorylated forms. All identified proteins were bioinformatically annotated in detail and compared with the embryonic stem cell (ESC) proteome. A proteome reference database for the mouse oocyte was established from the protein data generated in this study, which can be accessed over the Internet ( http://reprod.njmu.edu.cn/2d). This database is the most detailed mouse oocyte proteomic database to date. It should be valuable in expanding our knowledge of the regulation of signaling in oogenesis, fertilization, and embryo development, while revealing potential mechanisms for epigenetic reprogramming.
Application of Biocompatible Gel of Hyaluronic Acid in Adhesion Prevention (2004)

The efficacy of novel hyaluronic acid (HA) gel manufactured using a freezing procedure from an acidic HA solution was evaluated in a rat cecal abrasion model. HA gel films with different half-lives (50–200 hours) in a physiologic buffered saline at 37°C were prepared by regulating the freezing time. In the mouse peritoneal implantation, the HA gel films were absorbed more slowly than the freeze-dried HA film and the degradation property depended on the degree of the crosslinking reaction. The HA gel film, which was 4 × 4 cm in size (1.5 mg HA/cm2), was applied to the injured cecal surface in rats after standardized treatment with rotary abrasion apparatus. Ten (10) days after the initial operation, the incidence and severity of any adhesions were evaluated to confirm the efficacy of the HA gel films. Application of the HA gel film reduced the adhesion formation in all treatment groups. This novel HA gel film was effective for reducing postoperative adhesions in the rat model and the efficacy for adhesion prevention correlated with the resorption rate.
A novel heterobifunctional linker for facile access to bioconjugates (2006)

A convenient synthesis of a novel heterobifunctional linker molecule is described. The linker contains a thiol-reactive nitropyridyl disulfide group (Npys) and an aldehyde-reactive aminooxy group with a propensity to form disulfide and oxime linkages. The utility of the linker molecule to cross-link different biomolecules has been demonstrated by employing it in the efficient preparation of a peptide–oligonucleotide conjugate. The linker reported herein could be a useful tool for cross-coupling of different but appropriately functionalised biomolecules.
Discontinuation, Efficacy, and Safety of Cholinesterase Inhibitors for Alzheimer’s Disease: a Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of 43 Randomized Clinical Trials Enrolling 16 106 Patients (2017)

While cholinesterase inhibitors show a poor risk-benefit relationship as indicated by mild symptom improvement and a higher than placebo all-cause discontinuation, a reduction of mortality was suggested. Intervention- and patient-related factors modify the effect of cholinesterase inhibitors in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Effective matrix acidizing in carbonates using microemulsions (1985)

The process of matrix acidizing of oil reservoirs is described. It is designed to improve well productivity by increasing rock permeability in the region surrounding the wellbore. As resistance to flow is reduced, oil can move more easily to the wellbore and production increases. A reacting mixture, usually containing HCI for limestone and an HCI/HF mixture for sandstone, is pumped into the well at pressures low enough to avoid fracturing the formation rock or to open existing fractures. The goal is to achieve a somewhat uniform radial penetration of acid into the formation porespace. Partial dissolution of the matrix can then take place, and rock permeability is increased.
The London Business School with Gower Publishing (1986)

Immediately after the year‐long coal strike the prospects for the industry appeared remarkably bright. Normal production was resumed more quickly than expected. The fall in the exchange rate, especially against the dollar, had greatly lessened the threat from cheap imported coal. The number of miners employed in deep mines was quickly reduced from 180,000 to 140,000, and the closure of uneconomic pits enabled production in the new super‐pits to be stepped up. The resulting sharp rise in productivity meant that the underlying position of the industry was close to break‐even, and at the coal prices prevailing last year could even have made a modest profit. The fall in the price of oil has plunged the industry into a new crisis. To preserve coal's market share, its price must follow oil prices downwards, which will drastically reduce the amount of coal that can be profitably produced in this country. with obvious implications for employment. In this Forecast Release we present some calculations (using the approach we adopted in earlier articles published in October and December 1984) which show the scale of the required reductions, and consider the policy implications. We conclude that there 13 no case for constraining coal prices to remain above true market‐clearing levels, since this amounts to a concealed tax on coal‐ (and hence electricity‐) users which would hamper the employment‐creating growth of manufacturing industry. There is however a strong case for allowing the coal industry to increase its borrowing to cover the deficits that result from keeping higher‐cost pits in production in order to reduce future dependence on imported oil.