gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tactical line-of-sight path reliability: Propagation climate factors (2002)

A line-of-sight propagation reliability working group, convened by the US Army Communications-Electronics Command, has developed a propagation reliability model. The Model includes a climate factor for fading to allow worldwide planning of reliable terrestrial communications links. The authors introduce a new application concept, a monthly climate factor, to meet tactical needs since the probability of fading can vary significantly from month to month. Climate factor estimation is described and illustrated with examples from the Arabian peninsula. The propagation reliability model, including monthly climate factors, has been incorporated in a new battlefield automated radio planning system, the Joint Tactical Area Communications Systems (Provisional) Network Planning Terminal.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A study of the behaviour of a thin sheet of moving liquid (1961)

An investigation has been carried out on the behaviour of a thin sheet of liquid in connexion with the new method of lacquer application known as ’curtain coating’. A method is described for measuring the velocity of the sheet and an equation deduced for calculating this for a liquid of any viscosity. The minimum liquid flow rate required to maintain a stable sheet is discussed, and some effects of the impingement of the sheet on a rapidly moving surface are described.
Plasticized Whey Protein Edible Films: Water Vapor Permeability Properties (1994)

ABSTRACT Heat treatment, protein concentration, and pH effects on water vapor permeability (WVP) of plasticized whey protein films were examined. The best film formation conditions were neutral pH, aqueous 10% (w/w) protein solutions heated for 30 min at 90°. Isoelectric point adjustment of whey protein with calcium ascorbate buffer increased WVP with increasing buffer concentration, The importance of vacuum application to minimize film pore size was identified using scanning electron microscopy. Polyethylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitol plasticizer concentration affected film WVP. Determining the effects of relative humidity on WVP for plasticized whey protein films enabled prediction of film behavior under any water vapor partial pressure gradient.
Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of (x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–(1−x)Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3 thin films prepared by the sol–gel method (2001)

The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of sol–gel derived (x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–(1−x)Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3[(x)PMN–(1−x)PZT] thin films were investigated as a function of PMN content (x=0–1). For all compositions in the (x)PMN–(1−x)PZT thin films, a well-developed perovskite phase with (111) preferred orientation was obtained at the annealing temperature range of 700–800 °C. With increasing PMN content, the dielectric constant increased, while the remnant polarization and coercive field decreased. The enhanced dielectric properties were shown in the region of x=0.2. At this composition, the dielectric constant and remnant polarization were 1750 and 12.75 μC/cm2, respectively, which indicate that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) exists near the composition of x=0.2. The transverse piezoelectric coefficient (d31) showed a maximum value of −84 pC/N at x=0.2. These results confirmed that enhancement of the dielectric constant and remnant polarization improved the piezoelectric properties at the MPB.
Single‐step isolation of extracellular vesicles by size‐exclusion chromatography (2014)

SEC efficiently isolates extracellular vesicles with a diameter larger than 70 nm from platelet-free supernatant of platelet concentrates. Application SEC will improve studies on the dimensional, structural and functional properties of extracellular vesicles.
Counting people in crowded scenes by video analyzing (2014)

People counting has many important applications in practice. The two key techniques in video based people counting system are people detection and people tracking. Most of the current people counting methods use body detection or motion detection to detect the people, which can produce some good results in sparse situations but fail in crowded scenes. In the crowded scenes, we know that the head is the most probable target that can be full visual. In this paper, we propose a people counting method in crowded scenes by detection the head information from the video taken from a camera installed straight down on the ceiling. A head classifier based on boosted cascade of Statistically Effective Multi-scale Block Local Binary Pattern (SEMB-LBP) features is proposed for people detection. The detected head is then tracked by a model matching method using harr feature. Combining the head detection and tracking together, a people counting strategy is presented to count the number of the people in the video frames. Experiment results show that the proposed method work well and robust in crowded scenes.
1,1,1-Trichloro-4,4-diethoxy-3-buten-2-one and its Trichloroacetylacetate Derivatives: Synthesis and Applications in Regiospecific Preparation of Azoles (2003)

The synthesis of 1,1,1-trichloro-4,4-diethoxy-3-buten-2-one and three trichloroacetylacetate derivatives from the acylation reaction of respective trialkyl orthoacetates and orthopropionates with trichloroacetyl chloride in good yields, is reported. The title compounds were used for the regiospecific preparation of two isoxazoles and five pyrazoles in the cyclocondensation with hydroxylamine and hydrazines, respectively. The transformation of the trichloromethyl group under mild conditions into carboxylic groups is also described.
Two‐Photon Absorption Properties of 2,6‐Bis(styryl)anthracene Derivatives: Effects of Donor–Acceptor Substituents and the π Center (2005)

A series of 2,6- and 2,7-bis(styryl)anthracene derivatives with the donors at the styryl group and acceptors at the 9,10-positions have been synthesized, and their two-photon cross sections (Phidelta(max)) were determined. These compounds exhibit a peak two-photon absorptivity (delta(max)) in the range of 700-2500 GM at 780-1030 nm. Values of lambda(max) and Stokes shifts increase as the acceptor is changed to a stronger one. There is also a parallel increase in lambda(2)max and delta(max) with the same variation of the chromophore structure. Both lambda (2)(max)and Phidelta(max) have been optimized by introducing donor-substituted styryl groups at the 2,6-positions and p-cyanophenyl groups at the 9,10-positions, respectively. The effect of a pi center on the two-photon absorption properties has been assessed by comparing the existing data for a variety of D-pi-D derivatives.
Expression and Purification of GST Fusion Proteins (2008)

This unit describes the use of the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) gene fusion system as a method for high-level protein expression and purification from bacterial lysates. Several pGEX vectors are available with multiple cloning sites to allow for unidirectional insertion of the coding-region DNA into the pGEX vector. The GST fusion protein is easily purified by affinity chromatography using a glutathione-Sepharose matrix under mild conditions. Removal of the GST moiety from the protein of interest is accomplished through a specific protease cleavage site located between the GST moiety and the recombinant polypeptide. For solution digestions, GST is easily removed by a second round of chromatography on the glutathione column. Removal of proteases is facilitated by the use of a benzamidine-Sepharose column or a gel-filtration step. Purified protein has been used successfully in structural determinations, immunological studies, vaccine production, and structure-function analysis of protein-protein or DNA-protein interactions.
Non-Fickian mass transport in polymers (2002)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. El Afif, M. Grmela; Non-Fickian mass transport in polymers. J. Rheol. 1 May 2002; 46 (3): 591–628. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.1470520 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Aging and Alzheimer's Disease: Lessons From the Nun Study (1997)

Sister Mary, the gold standard for the Nun Study, was a remarkable woman who had high cognitive test scores before her death at 101 years of age. What is more remarkable is that she maintained this high status despite having abundant neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques, the classic lesions of Alzheimer's disease. Findings from Sister Mary and all 678 participants in the Nun Study may provide unique clues about the etiology of aging and Alzheimer's disease, exemplify what is possible in old age, and show how the clinical expression of some diseases may be averted.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. XIII. Amidines. VII. Proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the tautomerism, geometrical isomerism, and conformation of some cyclic amidines, guanidines, and related systems (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. XIII. Amidines. VII. Proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the tautomerism, geometrical isomerism, and conformation of some cyclic amidines, guanidines, and related systemsLloyd M. Jackman and Timothy JenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 10, 2811–2818Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00843a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00843a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views526Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Exploring Space and Place With Walking Interviews (2008)

This article explores the use of walking interviews as a research method. In spite of a wave of interest in methods which take interviewing out of the “safe, ” stationary environment, there has been limited work critically examining the techniques for undertaking such work. Curiously for a method which takes an explicitly spatial approach, few projects have attempted to rigorously connect what participants say with where they say it. The article reviews three case studies where the authors have used different techniques, including GPS, for locating the interview in space. The article concludes by arguing that researchers considering using walking interviews need to think carefully about what kinds of data they wish to generate when deciding which approach to adopt.
Multi-azimuth and wide-azimuth seismic: Shallow to deep water, exploration to production (2007)

Ten years is a long time in geophysics. In the early days of 3D seismic surveys, in the 1980s say, it might have taken two years to acquire and process a 3D survey, and many business decisions simply could not wait that long. By the mid-1990s, our seismic contractors had done a wonderful job of making 3D seismic faster and cheaper while making it better—truly a “class act.” Thanks to them, the overwhelming technical advantages of 3D are in routine use in almost every possible application today.
Pattern of formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence in human neutrophils (1985)

The stimulation of neutrophils by formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine results in a bimodal luminol-dependent chemiluminescence pattern. We observed, however, only a single peak chemiluminescence pattern in the response to the peptide when we used lucigenin as an amplifying substance. We suggest that lucigenin, the larger molecule, (510 daltons; luminol is 177 daltons) only exerts an extracellular effect.
Mineral requirements in fish. I. Effects of dietary salt-mixture levels on growth, mortality, and body composition in rainbow trout and carp. (1975)

Diets containing graded levels of salt-mixture (McCOLLUM's salt-mixture no. 185 plus trace elements) were given to young rainbow trout and carp for 50 days. Dietary levels of the salt-mixture exerted a strong influence on growth and mortality in rainbow trout and on growth in carp. Rainbow trout were more sensitive to the lack of the dietary salt-mixture than carp. The diet deficient in the salt-mixture resulted in retarded growth, high mortality, anemia and malformation of the head in rainbow trout. The optimal content of the salt-mixture in the diet was proven to be 4 to 5% for both species under the present experimental conditions.
Hydrotreating in Supercritical Media (1987)

Our research involved the investigation of catalytic hydrotreating in supercritical media. The program consisted of essentially two parts--feasibility studies and the effect of process parameters of hydrotreating in supercritical media. Hydrotreating of shale oil has revealed that this type of hydrotreating is very effective in heteroatom removal. For example, the nitrogen and sulfur contents (19000 and 7000 ppm, respectively) were reduced to 120 and 25 ppm in a single pass. It is also effective for residua conversion. The 650F+ fraction of a petroleum crude was processed to yield a product with less than 50% in the 65OF+ fraction and less than 5% in the 850F+ fraction. Supercritical hydrotreating had been tested for processing heavy coal liquids, supercritical shale oil extract, and conventional retorted shale oil. We have investigated the effects of process parameters in supercritical hydrotreating. The parameters studied include temperature, pressure, liquid hourly space velocity, and crude concentration.
Use coalescing methods to solve emulsion problems (1995)

What are efficient and cost-effective ways to separate the dispersion of two immiscible liquids? A common result from processing hydrocarbons, dispersions exist when the droplets of one liquid become dispersed into another. Because the droplets are small [down to 1 {micro}m (micron)], molecular forces such as interfacial tension, viscosity, density, temperature, pH, etc., control the required time for the two liquids to separate. Old methods used large settler vessels and allowed gravity to merge the droplets into sufficient size for separation. To be more competitive, operators are increasing process capacity and consequently, incurring more problems with dispersions from higher throughputs. Thus, many operators must find process methods that accelerate the dispersion separation process and/or prevent dispersion formation. Using methods such as liquid-liquid coalescing media is one way to convert small droplets into large ones that quickly settle. The presented case histories show how coalescers were effectively used in refining and gas-processing applications. Dispersions can be expensive problems that affect product quality such as haze in jet fuel; they can be an environmental problem such as hydrocarbon emulsions present in wastewater; and they can be an operations problem such as solvent losses in an amine unit. However, by using these examples,more » operators can focus on how to cut operating costs, improve product quality and reduce process wastes especially when handling dispersions.« less
Torsional Ratcheting Actuating System (2000)

A new type of surface micromachined ratcheting actuation system has been developed at the Microelectronics Development Laboratory at Sandia National Laboratories. The actuator uses a torsional electrostatic comb drive that is coupled to an external ring gear through a ratcheting scheme. The actuator can be operated with a single square wave, has minimal rubbing surfaces, maximizes comb finger density, and can be used for open-loop position control. The prototypes function as intended with a minimum demonstrated operating voltage of 18V. The equations of motion are developed for the torsional electrostatic comb drive. The resonant frequency, voltage vs. displacement and force delivery characteristics are predicted and compared with the fabricated device's performance.
Gospel-Proclamation In Missions: A Philosophy & Methodology (2015)

In contemporary evangelicalism, there has been a surge (or a “resurgence” as it has been popularly called) of culturally-engaging and doctrinally-minded church planters in the United States and around the world. The term, “gospel-centered”, has become a watchword for many who identify with the values and pathos of this movement. In any movement, sometimes there is a danger to use common vocabulary and jargon without first defining the meaning behind such terms. In missions there can be widely-used verbiage that can just become relative. There is the endless debate as to the difference between “mission” and “missions.”
A Toolset for Feature-Based Configuration Workflows (2011)

In software product lines, engineers derive products using feature-based configurators. Such tools do not scale well to complex (non linear, multi-user) configuration processes. We address this issue by extending a feature-based configurator with multi-view support and by integrating it with a workflow management tool.
Flow Behavior and Shear Induced Transition near an Isotropic/Nematic Transition in Equilibrium Polymers (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFlow Behavior and Shear Induced Transition near an Isotropic/Nematic Transition in Equilibrium PolymersV. Schmitt, F. Lequeux, A. Pousse, and D. RouxCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 3, 955–961Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00015a057https://doi.org/10.1021/la00015a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views377Altmetric-Citations142LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Alleviation of neuronal ganglioside storage does not improve the clinical course of the Niemann-Pick C disease mouse (2000)

Niemann-Pick disease Type C (NP-C) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 gene and characterized by intracellular accumulation of cholesterol and sphingo-lipids. The major neuronal storage material in NP-C consists of gangliosides and other glycolipids, raising the possibility that the accumulation of these lipids may participate in the neurodegenerative process. To determine if ganglioside accumulation is a crucial factor in neuropathogenesis, we bred NP-C model mice with mice carrying a targeted mutation in GalNAcT, the gene encoding the beta-1-4GalNAc transferase responsible for the synthesis of GM2 and complex gangliosides. Unlike the NP-C model mice, these double mutant mice did not exhibit central nervous system (CNS) accumulation of gangliosides GM2 or of glycolipids GA1 and GA2. Histological analysis revealed that the characteristic neuronal storage pathology of NP-C disease was substantially reduced in the double mutant mice. By contrast, visceral pathology was similar in the NP-C and double mutant mice. Most notably, the clinical phenotype of the double mutant mice, in the absence of CNS ganglioside accumulation and associated neuronal pathology, did not improve. The results demonstrate that complex ganglioside storage, while responsible for much of the neuronal pathology, does not significantly influence the clinical phenotype of the NP-C model.
Environmental Decision-Making Using Life Cycle Impact Assessment and Stochastic Multiattribute Decision Analysis: A Case Study on Alternative Transportation Fuels (2009)

Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) involves weighing trade-offs between multiple and incommensurate criteria. Current state-of-the-art LCIA tools typically compute an overall environmental score using a linear-weighted aggregation of characterized inventory data that has been normalized relative to total industry, regional, or national emissions. However, current normalization practices risk masking impacts that may be significant within the context of the decision, albeit small relative to the reference data (e.g., total U.S. emissions). Additionally, uncertainty associated with quantification of weights is generally very high. Partly for these reasons, many LCA studies truncate impact assessment at the inventory characterization step, rather than completing normalization and weighting steps. This paper describes a novel approach called stochastic multiattribute life cycle impact assessment (SMA-LCIA) that combines an outranking approach to normalization with stochastic exploration of weight spaces-avoiding some of the drawbacks of current LCIA methods. To illustrate the new approach, SMA-LCIA is compared with a typical LCIA method for crop-based, fossil-based, and electric fuels using the Greenhouse gas Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation (GREET) model for inventory data and the Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other Environmental Impacts (TRACI) model for data characterization. In contrast to the typical LCIA case, in which results are dominated by fossil fuel depletion and global warming considerations regardless of criteria weights, the SMA-LCIA approach results in a rank ordering that is more sensitive to decisionmaker preferences. The principal advantage of the SMA-LCIA method is the ability to facilitate exploration and construction of context-specific criteria preferences by simultaneously representing multiple weights spaces and the sensitivity of the rank ordering to uncertain stakeholder values.
Causes of death or reasons for euthanasia in military working dogs: 927 cases (1993–1996) (2001)

For most military working dogs, death or euthanasia results from a few diseases commonly associated with advanced age. Some breed differences in risk for these diseases may exist, which clinicians should consider in the procurement and long-term management of these dogs.