gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Language-Based Image Editing with Recurrent Attentive Models (2018)

We investigate the problem of Language-Based Image Editing (LBIE). Given a source image and a natural language description, we want to generate a target image by editing the source image based on the description. We propose a generic modeling framework for two subtasks of LBIE: language-based image segmentation and image colorization. The framework uses recurrent attentive models to fuse image and language features. Instead of using a fixed step size, we introduce for each region of the image a termination gate to dynamically determine after each inference step whether to continue extrapolating additional information from the textual description. The effectiveness of the framework is validated on three datasets. First, we introduce a synthetic dataset, called CoSaL, to evaluate the end-to-end performance of our LBIE system. Second, we show that the framework leads to state-of-the-art performance on image segmentation on the ReferIt dataset. Third, we present the first language-based colorization result on the Oxford-102 Flowers dataset.
Anti‐Tumor Antibodies in Ovarian Cancer (2005)

Anti‐tumor antibodies have potential as cancer biomarkers. There is relatively limited identification of anti‐tumor antibodies in response to ovarian cancer, compared with studies for other cancers. There is also very limited information on the prevalence of anti‐tumor antibodies among ovarian cancer patients. Although most anti‐tumor antibodies react with antigens common to both tumor and normal tissue, the anti‐tumor response tends to be confined to individuals with ovarian cancer, similar to other cancers. Antibodies to HOXA7, a differentiation antigen, have the highest reported prevalence in ovarian cancer (67%). Antibodies to other ubiquitous antigens including NY‐ESO‐1, Ep‐CAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule), HSP‐90 (heat shock protein 90), and mutated p53 have been identified in ovarian cancer. Anti‐tumor antibody specificity reflects the heterogeneity of antigen expression in tumors. Tests based on panels of a combination of anti‐tumor antibodies may be more predictive for ovarian cancer, as no single specificity accounts for ovarian tumors. In addition to characterization of anti‐tumor antibodies as diagnostic markers, study of anti‐tumor antibodies is likely to provide insights into mechanisms of tumor development. There is evidence of antibodies to tumor antigens and of activated T cells, suggesting immune recognition of tumor antigens occurred. Nonetheless, as tumors are not ‘rejected’, it is likely that there are alterations in the immune system. The basis for tumor growth in the face of immune activity remains to be determined.
Camera to map alignment for accurate low-cost lane-level scene interpretation (2016)

To be able to predict the evolution of the driving context, estimate the expected risks and plan future behavior alternatives, it is crucial to know where traffic participants can go and where they will most likely go. Consequently, for future Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), precise, lane-accurate localization of the ego- as well as the other vehicles is a key technology. The proposed standard solutions to lane-accurate localization are usually based on expensive detailed 3D maps and precise absolute position estimation sensors. To the contrary, in this paper we propose to improve the localization of scene items based on state-of-the-art map data, combined with a coarse and cheap position estimation as e.g. provided by standard GNSS. From the map data, we infer the structure of the contextual road geometry, and align it with the road view(s) as provided by a front camera. This results in an improved relative positioning of the sensed items on the map structures, allowing a better scene interpretation. The alignment occurs by best-match search based on a feature comparison between the real road view from the camera and virtually generated road views based on the map considering different assumed ego-vehicle positions. On standard road scenes, we validate the approach, and show that it can be used as a cheap means to support intelligent ADAS and improve localization.
Preparative High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Naphthodianthrones from St. John's Wort (2006)

St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), a perennial flowering plant, has been used medicinally for thousands of years and has most recently been identified as an effective treatment for mild to moderate depression and neuralgic disorders. This work presents a procedure for the isolation of naphthodianthrones from St. John's Wort by an accelerated extraction and separation of marker compounds by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array detection. The accelerated extraction method minimizes the extraction time and increases the yield, and the marker compounds obtained by preparative HPLC are of 98% purity. The compounds are characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (electrospray ionization) and NMR spectra.
Cortical Microvascular Remodeling in the Stenotic Kidney (2004)

Increased oxidative stress in the stenotic kidney alters growth factor activity and plays an important role in renal microvascular remodeling, which can be prevented by chronic antioxidant intervention.
Las limitaciones al uso de la fuerza: la transferencia de autoridad (TOA) y las reglas de enfrentamiento (ROE) (2009)

El uso de la fuerza en las operaciones de apoyo a la paz en misiones internacionales esta regulado por el Derecho Internacional de forma generica y por acuerdos especificos entre los responsables politicos y militares de cada mision. La mision de OTAN/ISAF en Afganistan ha puesto de relieve la existencia de limitaciones nacionales al empleo de las Fuerzas Armadas de sus contingentes (caveats) que impiden que la cadena de mando disponga libremente de ellas segun sus necesidades operativas. Esta y otras misiones tambien han puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de que las fuerzas armadas desplegadas dispongan de unas reglas de enfrentamiento (ROE) adecuadas para evitar situaciones como las de Srebrenica, Kosovo o Irak, donde la mala definicion de las ROE afecto el cumplimiento de la mision. Este ARI explica la razon y la forma en la que se establecen esas limitaciones en los acuerdos de transferencia de autoridad (TOA) entre la autoridad nacional que cede una unidad militar y la autoridad internacional que la encuadra, asi como la forma en la que se definen las ROE para evitar extralimitaciones, por defecto o por exceso, en el uso e la fuerza en apoyo de las misiones internacionales.
Serotonin syndrome (1995)

We describe a patient treated with trazodone, isocarboxazid, and methylphenidate hydrochloride who developed confusion, agitation, poor concentration, rigidity, myoclonus, involuntary movements, orthostatic hypotension, and hyperreflexia. CK was normal, and the syndrome resolved spontaneously over 12 hours. The serotonin syndrome occurs following the use of serotomimetic agents (serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants, tryptophan, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine, dextromethorphan, meperidine, S-adenosylmethionine) alone or in combination with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. It is characterized by various combinations of myoclonus, rigidity, hyperreflexia, shivering, confusion, agitation, restlessness, coma, autonomic instability, low-grade fever, nausea, diarrhea, diaphoresis, flushing, and rarely, rhabdomyolysis and death.
A Wireless Sensor MAC Protocol for Bursty Data Traffic (2007)

This paper proposes MH-MAC, a new MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks capable of handling applications that generate infrequent huge peaks of traffic. Existing protocols are not adapted to this kind of applications. Asynchronous protocols are energy efficient for the long inactive periods, but fail to cope with the bandwidth and latency requirements of the traffic peaks when more than two nodes are sending data to a common sink. Synchronous protocols that support contention free slots provide good throughput for handling the load peaks, but consume unnecessary energy maintaining clocks synchronized for very long idle periods. MH-MAC is a multimode hybrid protocol that can be configured by the application to run in asynchronous mode or in synchronous mode, with or without contention, providing the best possible trade-off. MH-MAC is a single-hop MAC, which supports multi-hop applications through a cross-layering API. The paper includes simulation results with the energy consumption, latency and throughput for the operation modes of MH-MAC, showing the asynchronous-synchronous trade-offs and the state transition overhead.
Cohesive design of personalized Web applications (2002)

Good software engineering practices, such as separating concerns and identifying patterns, simplify the critical design decisions in building personalized Web applications. The authors use the object-oriented hypermedia design method (OOHDM) for constructing customized Web applications. Incorporating well-known object-oriented design structures and techniques, OOHDM produces flexible Web application models. Designers can add personalized behavior to these models with minimal code manipulation, and reasoning over design objects yields better insight into the personalization process. Although this article casts the discussion in terms of the OOHDM primitives, the ideas presented can be easily applied to other design approaches, such as WebML.
A new joint spectral radius analysis of random PSO algorithm (2014)

The existing stability analysis of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is chiefly concluded by the assumption of constant transfer matrix or time-varying random transfer matrix. Firstly, one counterexample is provided to show that the existing convergence analysis is not possibly valid for PSO system involving random variables. Secondly, the joint spectral radius, mainly calculated by the maximum eigenvalue of the product of all asymmetric random transfer matrices, is introduced to analyze and discuss convergence condition and convergence rate from numerical viewpoint with the aid of Monte Carlo method. Numerical results show that there is one major discrepancy between some preview convergence results and our corresponding results, helping us to deeply understand the tradeoff between exploration ability and exploitation ability as well as providing certain guideline for parameter selection.
Hybrid Antimicrobial Enzyme and Silver Nanoparticle Coatings for Medical Instruments (2009)

We report a method for the synthesis of antimicrobial coatings on medical instruments that combines the bacteriolytic activity of lysozyme and the biocidal properties of silver nanoparticles. Colloidal suspensions of lysozyme and silver nanoparticles were electrophoretically deposited onto the surface of stainless steel surgical blades and needles. Electrodeposited films firmly adhered to stainless steel surfaces even after extensive washing and retained the hydrolytic properties of lysozyme. The antimicrobial efficacy of coatings was tested by using blades and needles in an in vitro lytic assay designed to mimic the normal application of the instruments. Coated blades and needles were used to make incisions and punctures, respectively, into agarose infused with bacterial cells. Cell lysis was seen at the contact sites, demonstrating that antimicrobial activity is transferred into the media, as well as retained on the surface of the blades and needles. Blade coatings also exhibited antimicrobial activity against a range of bacterial species. In particular, coated blades demonstrated potent bactericidal activity, reducing cell viability by at least 3 log within 1.5 h for Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus anthracis Sterne, and Bacillus subtilis and within 3 h for Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baylyi. The results confirmed that complex antimicrobial coatings can be created using facile methods for silver nanoparticle synthesis and electrodeposition.
<i>rpoB</i> -Based Microbial Community Analysis Avoids Limitations Inherent in 16S rRNA Gene Intraspecies Heterogeneity (2000)

Contemporary microbial community analysis frequently involves PCR-amplified sequences of the 16S rRNA gene (rDNA). However, this technology carries the inherent problem of heterogeneity between copies of the 16S rDNA in many species. As an alternative to 16S rDNA sequences in community analysis, we employed the gene for the RNA polymerase beta subunit (rpoB), which appears to exist in one copy only in bacteria. In the present study, the frequency of 16S rDNA heterogeneity in bacteria isolated from the marine environment was assessed using bacterial isolates from the red alga Delisea pulchra and from the surface of a marine rock. Ten strains commonly used in our laboratory were also assessed for the degree of heterogeneity between the copies of 16S rDNA and were used to illustrate the effect of this heterogeneity on microbial community pattern analysis. The rock isolates and the laboratory strains were also used to confirm nonheterogeneity of rpoB, as well as to investigate the versatility of the primers. In addition, a comparison between 16S rDNA and rpoB PCR-DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis)-based community analyses was performed using a DNA mixture of nine isolates from D. pulchra. Eight out of 14 isolates from D. pulchra, all rock isolates, and 6 of 10 laboratory strains displayed multiple bands for 16S rDNA when analyzed by DGGE. There was no indication of heterogeneity for either the rock isolates or the laboratory strains when rpoB was used for PCR-DGGE analysis. Microbial community pattern analysis using 16S rDNA PCR-DGGE showed an overestimation of the number of laboratory strains in the sample, while some strains were not represented. Therefore, the 16S rDNA PCR-DGGE-based community analysis was proven to be severely limited by 16S rDNA heterogeneity. The mixture of isolates from D. pulchra proved to be more accurately described using rpoB, compared to the 16S rDNA-based PCR-DGGE.
Decrease in Cell Viability Due to the Accumulation of Spermidine in Spermidine Acetyltransferase-deficient Mutant of Escherichia coli (1995)

Physiological functions of spermidine acetyltransferase in Escherichia coli have been studied using the spermidine acetyltransferase (speG) gene-deficient mutant CAG2242 and the cloned speG gene. The growth of E. coli CAG2242 in the defined M9 medium was normal in the presence and absence of 0.5mM spermidine. However, cell viability of E. coli CAG2242 at 48 h after the onset of growth decreased greatly by the addition of 0.5 mM spermidine. The amount of spermidine accumulated in the cells was approximately 3-fold that in the cells grown in the absence of spermidine. Transformation of the cloned speG gene to E. coli CAG2242 recovered the cell viability. Decreased in cell viability of E. coli CAG2242 was observed even when 0.5mM spermidine was added at 24 h after the onset of growth. The results indicate that accumulated spermidine functions at the late stationary phase of growth. The accumulation of spermidine caused a decrease in protein synthesis but not in DNA and RNA synthesis at 28 h after the onset of growth. The synthesis of several kinds of proteins was particularly inhibited. They included ribosome modulation factor and OmpC protein. Since the ribosome modulation factor is essential for cell viability at the stationary phase of growth (Yamagishi, M., Matsushima, H., Wada, A., Sakagami, M., Fujita, N., and Ishihama, A. (1993) EMBO J. 12, 625-630), the decrease in the protein was thought to be one of the reasons for the decrease in cell viability. The decrease in the ribosome modulation factor mainly occurred at the translational level.
An Integrated Widefield Imaging and Spectroscopy System for Contrast-Enhanced, Image-Guided Resection of Tumors (2015)

The ability to readily detect ICG in canines with spontaneous tumors in a clinical setting exemplifies the potential for further clinical translation; the promising results of detecting neoplasia on the marginal specimen surface underscore the clinical utility.
Notice of Retraction: The Mechanism Design for Credit Sales Risk Management of the Enterprise (2010)

Retracted.
Cross-language phone recognition when the target language phoneme inventory is not known (2011)

Cross-language speech recognition often assumes a certain amount of knowledge about the target language. However, there are hundreds of languages where not even the phoneme inventory is known. In the work reported here, phone recognisers are evaluated on a cross-language task with minimum target knowledge. A phonetic distance measure is introduced for the evaluation, allowing a distance to be calculated between any utterance of any language. This has a number of spin-off applications such as allophone detection, a phone-based ROVER approach to recognition, and cross-language forced alignment. Results show that some of these novel approaches will be of immediate use in characterising languages where there is little phonological knowledge.
An efficient information set algorithm for soft-decision decoding of linear block codes (2002)

This paper presents an approach to soft-decision decoding for a (n, k) binary linear block code. This approach achieves near-optimal to optimal performance for any signal-to-noise ratio value. The proposed decoding is based on the reordering of the received symbols according to their reliability measure and can be applied to any binary linear code. The basic idea is to generate a sequence of codewords such that there will be a high probability that the next codeword is closer to the received vector. In this algorithm the information provided by the soft-decisions is used to generate information sets utilized in decoding. A fast procedure checks whether a given set of k positions is an information set. A sequence of codewords is reconstructed using a sequence of information sets. Each codeword reconstructed is compared with the received word and the closest one is selected. Hence, the decoding algorithm is an iterative procedure designed to enhance the performance of the usual soft-decision decoding, since with each iteration of the procedure, real vectors successively closer to the received vector are examined. A high performance stop rule is utilized to reduce the number of generated information sets, stopping the decoding process when a codeword is closest to the received sequence.
Changes in the ice sheet, glaciers, ocean, climate and environment in Greenland (2016)

第7回極域科学シンポジウム/横断セッション:[IA] ニーオルスン観測拠点設立25周年記念横断セッション—北極域の科学（ニーオルスン、GRENE、ArCS)— 12月2日（金） 統計数理研究所 3階セミナー室D305
Structure−Function Studies of PANDER, an Islet Specific Cytokine Inducing Cell Death of Insulin-Secreting β Cells (2005)

PANDER (pancreatic derived factor, FAM3B) is a novel cytokine, present in insulin secretory granules, that induces apoptosis of alpha and beta cells of mouse, rat, and human islets in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and may be implicated in diabetes. PANDER has the predicted secondary structure of 4 alpha-helical bundles with an up-up-down-down topology, and two disulfide bonds. Eleven mutated PANDERs were constructed and expressed in beta-TC3 cells to identify the essential region of PANDER involved in beta-cell death. Beta-cell function was assessed by assays of cell viability and insulin secretion. Based on quantitative real-time RT-PCR all mutant PANDERs had similar mRNA expression levels in beta-TC3 cells. Immunoblotting showed that ten of eleven mutant PANDER proteins were synthesized and detected in beta-TC3 cells. A mutant PANDER with no signal peptide, however, was not expressed. Truncation of helix D alone caused a 40-50% decrease in PANDER's activity, while truncation of both helices C and D resulted in a 75% loss of activity. In contrast, truncation of the N-terminus of PANDER (helix A, the loop between helices A and B, and the first two cysteines) had no effect on PANDER-induced beta-cell death. The third and fourth cysteines of PANDER, C91 and C229, were shown to form one disulfide bond and be functionally important. Finally, the region between Cys91 and Phe152 constitutes the active part of PANDER, based on the demonstration that mutants with truncation of helix B or C caused decreased beta-cell death and did not inhibit insulin secretion, as compared to wild-type PANDER. Hence, helices B and C and the second disulfide bond of PANDER are essential for PANDER-induced beta-cell death.
Spectrum of the Antimalarial Activity of a New Macrolide Antibiotic Midecamycin in Mice and Monkeys (1989)

The antimalarial activity of a new macrolide antibiotic, midecamycin, has been evaluated against a sensitive strain of Plasmodium berghei, a chloroquine-resistant strain of P. yoelii nigeriensis and a simian parasite, P. cynomolgi B. The ED50 and ED90 values of this antibiotic administered in two divided daily doses were found to be 37.15 ± 3.51 and 100.84 ± 7.54 mg/kg, respectively, against P. berghei and 362.34 ± 85.33 and 878.04 ± 10.02 mg/kg, respectively, against P. yoelii nigeriensis. Doses above 45 mg/kg for 4 days significantly extended the mean survival time of treated mice infected with either of the two parasites. However, no appreciable blood schizontocidal (at 100 mg/kg x 7 days), anti-relapse (at 100 mg/kg x 7 days) or causal prophylactic activities (at 200 mg/kg x 3 days) were observed against P. cynomolgi infection in rhesus monkeys.
Review of Guided-wave Structural Health Monitoring (2007)

In this paper we present the state of the art in the field of guided-wave structural health monitoring (SHM). We begin with an overview of damage prognosis, and a description of the basic methodology of guided-wave SHM. We then review developments from the open literature in various aspects of this truly multidisciplinary field. First, we discuss different transducer technologies, including both piezoelectric and non-conventional popular and non-conventional piezoelectric transducers. Next, we examine guided-wave theory, tracing its early history down to modern developments. Following this, we detail the efforts into models for guided-wave excitation by SHM transducers. Then, we review several signal processing related works. The next topic in Section 6 is guided-wave SHM system development, and we explore various packaging ideas, integrated solutions and efforts to examine robustness to different service conditions. We also highlight the broad spectrum of applications in which this technology has been tested. We then present some investigations that have attempted to combine guided-wave approaches with other complementary SHM technologies for better system performance. Finally, we propose desirable developments for further advancement of this field.