gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Antioxidants on Chronic Disease in Ageing and in Old Age (1999)

The antioxidant defense system is important in maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing oxidative stress. Antioxidants are important dietary components contributing to a general slowing of ageing processes (e.g. cataract formation), but also in protecting particularly vulnerable sites from developing tissue injuries resulting in chronic diseases. This suggests that we should aim at certain minimum threshold concentrations of plasma antioxidants. In the near future, it is well possible that the amount of nutrients necessary to prevent or to reduce the risk for chronic diseases will be the more important issue than the amount it takes to prevent deficiencies. In order to achieve optimal nutritional levels, particularly elderly may benefit from the use of supplements during periods of stress or compromised nutrient intake. The highly interactive antioxidative system in the body strongly suggests that a well-balanced adequate intake of different antioxidants will be superior in its protective action to the supplementation with one single compound. It should be possible to resolve in the near future the question whether two days' RDA's are still adequate or whether the intake should be revised upwards.
Artificial Intelligence (2018)

A collection of essays which aims to correct some of the common misunderstandings surrounding this complex and interesting subject.
A mathematical theory of compressed video buffering: Traffic regulation for end-to-end video network QoS (2015)

The recent successes of over-the-top (OTT) video services have intensified the competition between the traditional broadcasting video and OTT video. Such competition has pushed the traditional video service providers to accelerate the transition of their video services from the broadcasting video to the carrier-grade IP video streaming. However, there are significant challenges in providing large-scale carrier-grade IP video streaming services. For a compressed video sequence, central to the guaranteed real-time delivery are the issues of video rate, buffering, and timing as compressed video pictures are transmitted over an IP network from the encoder output to the decoder input. Toward the understanding and eventual resolution of these issues, a mathematical theory of compressed video buffering is developed to address IP video traffic regulation for the end-to-end video network quality of service. In particular, a comprehensive set of theoretical relationships is established for decoder buffer size, network transmission rate, network delay and jitter, and video source characteristics. As an example, the theory is applied to measure and compare the burstiness and delay of video streams coded with MPEG-2, advanced video coding, and high-efficiency video coding standards. The applicability of the theory to IP networks that consist of a specific class of routers is also demonstrated.
Vaccine Efficacy in Senescent Mice Challenged with Recombinant SARS-CoV Bearing Epidemic and Zoonotic Spike Variants (2006)

This study identifies gaps and challenges in vaccine design for controlling future SARS-CoV zoonosis, especially in vulnerable elderly populations. The availability of a SARS-CoV virus bearing heterologous S glycoproteins provides a robust challenge inoculum for evaluating vaccine efficacy against zoonotic strains, the most likely source of future outbreaks.
<i>C</i><sub>2</sub>-Symmetric Copper(II) Complexes as Chiral Lewis Acids. Catalytic Enantioselective Aldol Additions of Enolsilanes to Pyruvate Esters (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTC2-Symmetric Copper(II) Complexes as Chiral Lewis Acids. Catalytic Enantioselective Aldol Additions of Enolsilanes to Pyruvate EstersDavid A. Evans, Marisa C. Kozlowski, Christopher S. Burgey, and David W. C. MacMillanView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 33, 7893–7894Publication Date (Web):August 20, 1997Publication History Received12 May 1997Published online20 August 1997Published inissue 1 August 1997https://doi.org/10.1021/ja971521yCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2792Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (147 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Aldol reactions,Catalysts,Organic compounds,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
“No es de condenar porque parezca enigmático”: Lope's commentary on the sonnet ‘La calidad elementar resiste’ (2013)

Research Article| January 01 2013 “No es de condenar porque parezca enigmático”: Lope's commentary on the sonnet ‘La calidad elementar resiste’ Gary J. Brown Gary J. Brown Independent Scholar Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Calíope (2013) 18 (3): 7–32. https://doi.org/10.5325/caliope.18.3.0007 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Gary J. Brown; “No es de condenar porque parezca enigmático”: Lope's commentary on the sonnet ‘La calidad elementar resiste’. Calíope 1 January 2013; 18 (3): 7–32. doi: https://doi.org/10.5325/caliope.18.3.0007 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectivePenn State University PressCalíope Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 2013 The Pennsylvania State University2013The Pennsylvania State University Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
<title>Improved rendering of parallax panoramagrams for a time-multiplexed autostereoscopic display</title> (1998)

Parallax-barrier panoramagrams (PPs) can present high-quality autostereoscopic images viewable from different perspectives. The limiting factor in constructing PP computer displays is the display resolution. First, we suggest a new PP display based on time multiplexing in addition to the usual space multiplexing; the barriers move horizontally in front of the display plane. The time multiplexing increases the horizontal resolution. In addition, it permits us to use wider barriers than are acceptable for static displays. We then analyze these displays, showing that wide-barrier PPs have advantages relating to depth-resolution and smoothness, and we present a novel algorithm for rendering the images on a computer.
Evolution of salt tolerance in a laboratory reared population of <scp> <i>C</i> </scp> <i>hlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> (2013)

Understanding the genetic underpinnings of adaptive traits in microalgae is important for the study of evolution and for applied uses. We used long-term selection under a regime of serial transfers with haploid populations of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii raised in liquid TAP medium containing 200 mM NaCl. After 1255 generations, evolved salt (ES) populations could grow as rapidly in high salt medium as progenitor cells (progenitor light [PL]). Transcriptome data were analysed to elucidate the basis of salt tolerance in ES cells when compared with PL cells and to cells incubated for 48 h in high salt medium (progenitor salt [PS], the short-term acclimation response). These data demonstrate that evolved and short-term acclimation responses to salt stress differ fundamentally from each other. Progenitor salt cells exhibit well-known responses to salt stress such as reduction in photosynthesis, upregulation of glycerophospholipid signaling, and upregulation of the transcription and translation machinery. In contrast, ES cells show downregulation of genes involved in the stress response and in transcription/translation. Our results suggest that gene-rich mixotrophic lineages such as C. reinhardtii may be able to adapt rapidly to abiotic stress engendered either by a rapidly changing climate or physical vicariance events that isolate populations in stressful environments.
Procedural shape synthesis on subdivision surfaces (2002)

We present methods for synthesizing 3D shape features on subdivision surfaces using multiscale procedural techniques. Multiscale synthesis is a powerful approach for creating surfaces with different levels of detail. Our methods can also blend multiple example multiresolution surfaces, including procedurally-defined surfaces as well as captured models.
High-fidelity lightwave transmission of multiple AM-VSB NTSC signals (1990)

The progress towards developing AM lightwave links for the transmission of multiple TV signals is reported. While the signal-quality objectives and transmission distances are appropriate for CATV trunking, the technology is expected to have applicability to the distribution of video signals in the subscriber loop. Highly linear 1.3- mu m distributed feedback (DFB) lasers designed expressly for analog requirements are used to transmit 42 continuous wave carriers according to the standard US CATV frequency plan. For the best lasers, when evaluated over 12 km of fiber, carrier to noise was >52 dB, composite second-order distortion was >70 dBc, and composite triple beat was >70 dBc. The relationship between measurements with continuous wave carriers and actual video signals is discussed. System design rules are offered. Properties that lead to superior analog performance are discussed. Data from 700 links indicate that composite third-order distortion generally scales with product count but that composite second-order distortion has a significant frequency-dependent component.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Photochemistry of squaraine dyes. 5. Aggregation of bis(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)squaraine and bis(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)squaraine and their photodissociation in acetonitrile solutions (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of squaraine dyes. 5. Aggregation of bis(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)squaraine and bis(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)squaraine and their photodissociation in acetonitrile solutionsSuresh Das, T. Lekshmana Thanulingam, K. George Thomas, Prashant V. Kamat, and M. V. GeorgeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 51, 13620–13624Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100153a032https://doi.org/10.1021/j100153a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views572Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Perspective: Ontario Hospital Association (2005)

a senior healthcare executive, I experienced several incidents in which patients were adversely affected, though no one had intended to harm or compromise anyone.While these were all difficult and painful, I remember one in particular, in which a patient died on a procedure table due to medication overdose.I remember the emotions of the parents and everyone involved as if it were yesterday.All knew this was an unnecessary loss.Anyone who has worked in a hospital any length of time has seen patients grievously affected by an adverse event.No one goes to work in healthcare anywhere wanting to make an error.Canada's health professionals and our many other staff are committed to providing care to anyone in need.But occasionally something does go wrong.We know that somewhere between 9,000 and 24,000 people die annually (Baker et al. 2004) from an adverse event in hospitals.And how many more have been adversely affected in home care, long-term care or community care?The research mostly has yet to be done in those areas.So who is responsible?And who is going to "fix" the nowwell-known problem documented by Baker et al.? We are not going to fix the problems by focusing on individual(s) caregivers; instead we need to focus on the system.I have travelled across the country and heard from professional caregivers -doctors, nurses, pharmacists and many others -and they yearn to give safer care.That aim resonates with Canadian CEOs who recently attended a session with Dr. Donald Berwick, CEO of the U.S. Institute for Healthcare Improvement.To get at the issue, boards and CEOs of hospitals must make patient safety a priority, and a few have begun this journey.So too must community and other healthcare organizations.Researchers must help us better understand the problems and the underlying causes -be they processes, human factors, design of equipment or supplies, systems, etc.We must learn from the work of the airline industry and other high-risk ventures that make safety a priority.We must learn and apply all of this to our complex system of healthcare.It will not be easy and it will take time.I believe that part of what has created compromises in patient safety is the fact that we are asking our staff to master new technologies, processes, drugs, equipment, knowledge, etc. at an alarming rate, and asking them to be increasingly efficient and effective.The culture of our organizations must change.Being able to report adverse events without blame or retribution, to participate in addressing the causes and to disseminate the
Units and Dimensions in Physics (1952)

The equations of physics are often interpreted as purely numerical relations. Endowing the symbols with “dimensional” quality as well as magnitude leads to a simpler, yet rigorous, mathematical structure, and permits changing units by direct substitution. Analysis of the mathematical universe of discourse of physical equations shows also that the four-dimensional l, m, t, q system of units is actually simpler than a three-dimensional system.
Formation of Dimers That Contain Unbridged W(IV)/W(IV) Double Bonds (2004)

A tungsten neopentylidene complex has been found to decompose to yield a heterochiral dimer that contains a W=W double bond and no bridging ligands. Decompositions of related bisalkoxide complexes also yield compounds that contain an "unsupported" W=W double bond, while a sample of [Mo(NAr)(CH2-t-Bu)(OC6F5)]2 has been found to be a homochiral species related to [W(NAr)(CH2-t-Bu)(OC6F5)]2.
Synthesis and circularization of N- and B-tropic retroviral DNA Fv-1 permissive and restrictive mouse cells. (1980)

Production of various forms of nonintegrated viral DNA was measured in cultured mouse cells carrying different Fv-1 alleles early after infection with N-tropic or B-tropic retroviruses. Quantitative analyses were performed by agarose gel electrophoresis, transfer to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper, and molecular hybridization. In permissive infection of Fv-1n cells (NIH Swiss and DBA mouse strains) with N-tropic virus and of Fv-1b cells (BALB/c and C57BL/6 strains) with B-tropic virus, form III (double-stranded linear) DNA first appeared at 3-4 hr and reached a maximum at 8-10 hr; two form I (closed circle) DNAs appeared at 7-8 hr and reached a maximum at or beyond 12 hr. In the two Fv-1b cells infected with N-tropic virus and in DBA (Fv-1n) cells infected with B-tropic virus, formation of the two form I DNAs was quantitatively restricted but formation of form III DNA was unaltered. In Fv-1n NIH Swiss mouse embryo cells infected with B-tropic virus, the level of form III DNA was markedly depressed and hence the two form I DNAs were not detectable. In C57BL/6 cells as well as in DBA/2 cells 12 hr after infection, the quantity of form III DNA varied directly with the amount of restricted virus, whereas the quantity of form I DNA varied according to the square of the amount of restricted virus. The significance of these results for understanding the molecular basis of retrovirus replication and its restriction by the Fv-1 gene is discussed.
<title>New algorithm for under color removal (UCR) using direct color mapping</title> (1995)

Color transformation from RGB to CMYK is a significant problem in color reproduction. Since black ink is a redundant component, it is impossible to find a unique set of CMYK ink quantity suitable for an input RGB color. This paper proposes an algorithm for UAR, using the direct color mapping method from RGB to CMYK. It directly searches a measured gamut space for a printer for more than one set of CMYK ink quantities suitable for an input color with out using a reproduction model or a nonlinear equation. A set of CMYK ink quantity, suitable for an input color, is flexibly calculated from several sets of CMYK ink quantity by using interpolation controlled by an adjusting coefficient of black ink quantity. The flexible computation of black ink quantity makes it possible to adjust a delicate image appearance. This algorithm can be applied to various kinds of printers, because it does not require a model of the printer's color reproduction mechanism.
Direct Conversion of (<i>S</i>)-3-Hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone to Chiral Three-Carbon Building Blocks (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTDirect Conversion of (S)-3-Hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone to Chiral Three-Carbon Building BlocksGuijun Wang and Rawle I. HollingsworthView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 3, 1036–1038Publication Date (Web):January 15, 1999Publication History Received8 September 1998Published online15 January 1999Published inissue 1 February 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9818226https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9818226brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views865Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Amides,Carbohydrates,Chemical reactions,Materials Get e-Alerts
Application of the Nucleation Theory to the Design of Bubble Jet Printers (1989)

A model, based on the classical nucleation theory, has been developed to predict the nucleation process in bubble jet printers. The nucleation probability distribution curve predicted by the model agreed with an experiment which was done using a prototype bubble jet printing head. The effects of heat pulse width, heat flux, dissolved air and surface wettability on the nucleation process were investigated using the model. The results provide a new guide to the design of bubble jet printers.
Hybrid nanofibrous scaffolds from electrospinning of a synthetic biodegradable elastomer and urinary bladder matrix (2008)

Synthetic materials can be electrospun into submicron or nanofibrous scaffolds to mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) scale and architecture with reproducible composition and adaptable mechanical properties. However, these materials lack the bioactivity present in natural ECM. ECM-derived scaffolds contain bioactive molecules that exert in vivo mimicking effects as applied for soft tissue engineering, yet do not possess the same flexibility in mechanical property control as some synthetics. The objective of the present study was to combine the controllable properties of a synthetic, biodegradable elastomer with the inherent bioactivity of an ECM derived scaffold. A hybrid electrospun scaffold composed of a biodegradable poly(ester-urethane)urea (PEUU) and a porcine ECM scaffold (urinary bladder matrix, UBM) was fabricated and characterized for its bioactive and physical properties both in vitro and in vivo. Increasing amounts of PEUU led to linear increases in both tensile strength and breaking strain while UBM incorporation led to increased in vitro smooth muscle cell adhesion and proliferation and in vitro mass loss. Subcutaneous implantation of the hybrid scaffolds resulted in increased scaffold degradation and a large cellular infiltrate when compared with electrospun PEUU alone. Electrospun UBM/PEUU combined the attractive bioactivity and mechanical features of its individual components to result in scaffolds with considerable potential for soft tissue engineering applications.
Exploring Optic Nerve Axon Regeneration (2017)

Combination of treatments towards overcoming growth-inhibitory molecules and enhancing intrinsic growth capacity combined with correct guidance using axon guidance cues is crucial for developing promising therapies to promote axon regeneration and functional recovery after ON injury.
A Comparison of Available Methods for Determining Salt Levels in Cheese (1985)

Comparative salt analyses were run on seven different types of cheese using each of four methods: Mohr, Volhard, ion selective electrode, and chloride analyzer. The results of Volhard, Mohr, and chloride analyzer methods were similar for unaged cheese varieties, i.e., Mozzarella, Cheddar, Ricotta, Romano, and Provolone, but concentrations detected with the ion selective electrode were lower than the other three methods. Results were similar with aged Cheddar and process cheeses except the Mohr procedure proved unreliable. A constant correction factor could be used to make the ion selective electrode results similar to that obtained with the Volhard procedure.