gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Practical Statistics Simply Explained (1971)

For those who need to know statistics but shy away from math, this book teaches how to extract truth and draw valid conclusions from numerical data using logic and the philosophy of statistics rather than complex formulae. Lucid discussion of averages and scatter, investigation design, more. Problems with solutions.
Heterogeneity in the proliferative response of bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells to mitogens and hypoxia: importance of protein kinase C (1997)

Pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation is an important contributor to the vascular remodeling that occurs in chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. The earliest SMC proliferative changes in response to hypoxia occur in the outer media. We tested the hypothesis that the pattern of hypoxia-induced PA SMC proliferation observed in vivo is determined at least in part by intrinsic differences in proliferative response of SMC isolated from different medial layers to relevant peptide mitogens and hypoxia. Adult bovine PA SMCs were isolated at the same proximal site from the middle (layer 2) and outer (layer 3) media. In response to maximal serum stimulation, PA SMCs from the outer media grew faster than cells from the middle media. The outer medial cells also had increased responsiveness to multiple peptide mitogens (IGF-I, PDGF-BB, bFGF, and EGF). Because protein kinase C (PKC), a key pro-proliferative signal transduction pathway, has been shown to play an important role in this type of global increase in growth, responsiveness to a direct cell-permeable activator of PKC (PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) was then measured. PA SMCs from the outer media had greater DNA synthesis in response to selective PKC activation than middle medial cells. Since activation of this kinase is a requisite step for PA SMCs to proliferate in response to hypoxia, the hypoxic growth potential of cells from the middle and outer media was then compared. SMCs from the outer media had an augmented proliferative response to hypoxia compared with those from the middle media. These data suggested an important role for PKC in the enhanced growth of PA SMCs from the outer media. Therefore, whole cellular activity, expression, and hypoxia-induced activation of PKC were measured in both subpopulations of PA SMCs. Outer medial cells had greater total cellular activity, expression, and hypoxia-induced activation of PKC (and the alpha isozyme in particular) than cells isolated from the middle media. These findings support the concept that heterogeneity in growth capacity of PA SMCs exists within the bovine PA media, that these intrinsic differences in growth govern, at least in part, the pattern of abnormal SMC proliferation observed in vivo, and that the PKC pathway (and PKC-alpha in particular) is likely an important determinant of the subpopulation-specific differences found.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) User Agent Configuration (2010)

This document defines procedures for how a SIP User Agent should locate, retrieve, and maintain current configuration information from a Configuration Service.
Feasibility and Efficacy of BLE Beacon IoT Devices in Inventory Management at the Shop Floor (2016)

<p>Inventory Management is a key area for customer service and cost optimization in any manufacturing setup. As companies turn global and have thousands of components and hundreds of warehouses the inventory becomes a nightmare and a lot of time is spend in tracking inventory and ensuring right shipments. Traditional systems of robotic arms for inventory pick and drop have been based on premises of marking areas of the warehouse and tracking it. However with the advent of IoT all this is set to change as inventory objects become more self-aware and self-broadcasting. This paper technically suggests an approach of managing inventory using low energy blue tooth beacons and also does a statistical case research on two groups of the same organization one before the pilot run where traditional barcode scanners are used to track inventory and other one where the pilot trial BLE beacon technology was used. Statistically the IoT-beacon users are much more efficient and accurate and save lot of time and costs in the short run itself.</p>
Model of the microwave response in granular Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films (1993)

A model used to approximate the measured response of a Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O detector to both microwave frequency and HeNe laser light over a temperature range from zero up to the critical transition temperature of the superconductor Tc is reported. The nonbolometric (microwave) response model is based on microwave enhancement of a thermal fluctuation voltage occurring in the networks of inherent Josephson junctions. Modeling the film as a distribution of granular connections with varying critical currents and temperatures yields results similar to those observed in recent microwave response measurements. These results may be useful when optimizing the nonbolometric response for detector applications.
Fine-branching structure in high-pressure, low-density polyethylenes by 50.10-MHz carbon-13 NMR analysis (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFine-branching structure in high-pressure, low-density polyethylenes by 50.10-MHz carbon-13 NMR analysisTakao Usami and Shigeru TakayamaCite this: Macromolecules 1984, 17, 9, 1756–1761Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00139a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00139a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views769Altmetric-Citations180LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The postsynaptic density: a possible role in long-lasting effects in the central nervous system. (1985)

A theory is proposed that biochemical changes at the synapse that occur as a result of stimulation of specific neuronal circuits can lead to long-term changes only if alterations occur in synaptic structures in these circuits. The main synaptic structure that is thought to undergo this alteration is the postsynaptic density (PSD). There are many reports in the literature of overall structural changes at the synapse, including the PSD, resulting from various neuronal stimuli. These structural changes are here envisaged to include those of concentration and conformation of PSD proteins, changes that could alter the neural physiology of dendritic spines and even that of the presynaptic terminal.
Estrogen Receptor Proteins in Diverse Human Tumors (1980)

One hundred three diverse benign and malignant human tissues have been assayed for estrogen receptor proteins. Receptors were detected in many endocrine and nonendocrine tumors. Tissues with estrogen receptor activity included four of five male breast carcinomas, 11 of 14 malignant melanomas, four of eight colon carcinomas, five of seven renal carcinomas, and various sarcomas and benign and normal tissues. Some tumors also had progesterone, androgen, and/or glucocorticoid receptors. These results suggest the use of hormones and hormone antagonists for therapy of a broad range of human cancer. Clinicians of diverse expertise should be aware of, and responsive to, potential endocrinological involvement in many dissimilar disease states.
Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits bone resorption mediated by interleukin-1 in rats (2002)

AIM To investigate the effects of interleukin 1β (IL 1β) on bone resorption in vitro , and to evaluate the inhi bitory effect of CGRP. METHODS The osteoclasts isolated from the long bones of newborn SD rats were co cultured with osteoblasts on ivory slices placed in 24 well plates. Twenty four hours later, conditioned media containing CGRP and/or IL 1β were added to the wells respectively, and the culturing continued for 48 h. After the cells were stripped off by ultrasonication, the ivory slices were stained in toludine blue. The number of resorption lacunae on each slice was counted under light microscope and the area was measured by computer imaging analysis system. RESULTS IL 1β stimulated significantly bone resorption as shown by increased numbers (37.2±8.2 vs 22.4±5.7 per slice, P 0.01)and areas of resorption lacunae (μm 2, 9761±2775 vs 4224±1381, P 0.01) on slices, but CGRP inhibited the effects mediated by IL 1β in a dose dependent manner ( r 1=-0.56, P 0.01; r 2=-0.49, P 0.05). CONCLUSION CGRP may inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption through a direct function on osteoclasts to block their activation, and regulate the release of cytokines by osteoblasts thus affecting indirectly the function of osteoclasts.
Stimulating awareness of actual learning processes (2002)

Abstract What do we know about how our students actually learn? This paper explores this simple question by considering some relevant concepts, and methods that can be used for working with them. A variety of topics, or areas of study, where actual learning processes might be explored are summarised. Areas have been selected which have learning as a clearly identifiable component and which should be relevant to a broad view of OR. Ideas are included on how OR students might then be encouraged to better understand their own learning processes. This is supplemented by a short description of a study, undertaken in our first year management systems class, to increase learning process awareness through the use of the approaches to study inventory.
Oxidation of the Root Zone by Aquatic Plants Growing in Gravel‐Nutrient Solution Culture (1994)

The root zone oxidation state was monitored over a period of 87 d for alpine rush (Juncus alpinus Vill.), canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), and cattail (Typha latifolia L.) growing in gravel-nutrient solution culture. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the root zone of cattail and canarygrass was ≤1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> , whereas in alpine rush it ranged from 0 to 2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> . All planted treatments consistently had a dissolved oxygen concentration 1 to 2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> lower than gravel without plants. Redox potentials in the root zone of alpine rush were normally between 400 and 700 mV, indicating an aerobic root zone. The root zone of cattail also tended to be aerobic, although redox potentials of <400 mV were obtained 40% of the time. Canarygrass had the most reduced root zone with 85% of the redox potential measurements <400 mV. Dissolved oxygen concentrations and redox potentials in the root zone did not change significantly on a diurnal basis for any of the plant species. The results show that there was a plant species effect on the oxidation state of the root zone as measured by dissolved oxygen and redox potential.
Direct fluorination of amides (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect fluorination of amidesVytautas Grakauskas and Kurt BaumCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 5, 1545–1549Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00830a061https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00830a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views380Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Differential cytokine response in interstitial fluid in skin and serum during experimental inflammation in rats (2004)

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) are important mediators produced during inflammation. We hypothesized that the pro-inflammatory cytokine response in the interstitial fluid (IF) is different from that in serum, and we aimed at quantifying the amount of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in the IF. By centrifugation of rat skin at < 424 g pure IF is extracted. Using ELISA such fluid was analysed for cytokines in back and/or paw skin of pentobarbital-anaesthetized rats, after either induction of endotoxaemia or ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. During endotoxaemia, TNF-alpha increased in the IF from 0 in control to 640 +/- 100 pg ml(-1) (mean +/-s.e.m.) after 90 min, with the serum concentration being 5-10 times higher at all time points. The response pattern of IL-1beta after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge differed greatly from that of TNF-alpha with a large increase in IF from 390 +/- 90 to 28 000 +/- 1500 pg ml(-1) after 210 min, and a significantly smaller increase in serum (600 +/- 45 pg ml(-1)). During reperfusion of the hind paw after 2 h of ischaemia, there was a gradual increase of TNF-alpha in both IF of the paw skin and serum after 3 min of reperfusion. Both declined after 20 min. The pattern for IL-1beta differed, increasing significantly less in serum (25 +/- 15 pg ml(-1) after 20 min of reperfusion) than in the IF (1100 +/- 200 pg ml(-1)). Immunostaining of the inflamed tissues showed increased expression of the two cytokines in cells of both epidermis and dermis compared to controls. Subdermal injections of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta at the same concentrations found in IF after LPS infusion affected interstitial fluid pressure significantly. Local TNF-alpha production dominates after I/R injury, whereas in endotoxaemia systemic production predominates. For IL-1beta local production dominates in both conditions. Thus, there is a differential pattern of cytokine production and the current method allows the study of the role of cytokines in IF during different inflammatory reactions.
Possible mechanisms by which extremely low frequency magnetic fields affect opioid function (1995)

Although extremely low frequency (ELF, < 300 Hz) magnetic fields exert a variety of biological effects, the magnetic field sensing/transduction mechanism (or mechanisms) remain to be identified. Using the well-defined inhibitory effects that magnetic fields have on opioid peptide mediated antinociception or "analgesia" in the land snail Cepaea nemoralis, we show that these actions only occur for certain frequency and amplitude combinations of time-varying sinusoidal magnetic fields in a manner consistent with a direct influence of these fields. We exposed snails with augmented opioid activity to ELF magnetic fields, which were varied in both amplitude and frequency, along with a parallel static magnetic field. When the peak amplitude (0-547 microT) of a magnetic field of 60 Hz was varied systematically, we observed a nonlinear response, i.e., a nonlinear reduction in analgesia as measured by the latency of a defined response by the snails to a thermal stimulus. When frequency (10-240 Hz) was varied, keeping the amplitude constant (141 microT), we saw significant inhibitory effects between 30 and 35 Hz, 60 and 90 Hz and at 120 and 240 Hz. Finally, when the static field was varied but the amplitude and frequency of the time-varying field were held constant, we observed significant inhibition at almost all amplitudes. This amplitude/frequency "resonance-like" dependence of the magnetic field effects suggests that the mechanism (or mechanisms) of response to weak ELF fields likely involves a direct magnetic field detection mechanism rather than an induced current phenomenon. We examined the implications of our findings for several models proposed for the direct sensing of ELF magnetic fields.
An information retrieval common service based on H-PCTE (2002)

Information retrieval (IR) problems occur frequently in software development. All sorts of software documents can be involved. In software development environments which are based on file systems, IR problems are usually solved using tools which search keywords in text files. Such tools are no longer applicable if the environment is based an object management system (OMS) since, in an OMS, a document is typically stored in the form of a network of objects and relationships. OMSs do not usually provide IR facilities. This work presents an approach on how to extend an OMS (such as the OMS of PCTE) by basic IR operations. This set of operations is designed in such a way that it conforms to the concept of an open framework of environments. It can be used to construct independent IR tools and IR commands within editors and other tools. Its main features are: (a) a standardized query language which can, in the same way like a view, abstract from a concrete database schema; (b) a simple method to assess each object found in a query; (c) display of query results; and (d) indexing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mechanism of the idling-turnover reaction of the large (Klenow) fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. (1986)

The mechanism of the idling-turnover reaction catalyzed by the large (Klenow) fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I has been investigated. The reaction cycle involved is one of excision/incorporation, in which the 3' deoxynucleotide residue of the primer DNA strand is partitioned into its 5'-mono- and 5'-triphosphate derivatives, respectively. Mechanistic studies suggest the 5'-monophosphate product is formed in the first step by simple 3'----5' exonucleolytic cleavage. Rapid polymerization follows with the concomitant release of inorganic pyrophosphate. In the second step, the 5'-triphosphate product is generated by a pyrophosphorolysis reaction, which, despite the low concentration of pyrophosphate that has accumulated, occurs at a rate that is comparable with that of the parallel 3'----5' hydrolysis reaction.
Copper-doped CdTe films with improved hole mobility (2007)

Copper-doped CdTe films have been grown by the laser epitaxy approach. X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering, and photoreflectance spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the CdTe:Cu films. Structural analysis suggests that the growth of CdTe:Cu on GaAs(100) is initiated along the (100) orientation, which changes to the (111) direction after the film thickness exceeds 400nm. Hall effect measurements indicate that copper doping can achieve hole mobility over 150cm2∕Vs at room temperature.
[A simple alternative for the treatment of urinary fistulas: fibrin glue]. (1991)

The authors report three cases of postoperative urinary fistulae repaired by means of fibrin glue. This new therapeutic approach avoids the need for a difficult reoperation.
Feedback responses rapidly scale with the urgency to correct for external perturbations (2013)

Healthy subjects can easily produce voluntary actions at different speeds and with varying accuracy requirements. It remains unknown whether rapid corrective responses to mechanical perturbations also possess this flexibility and, thereby, contribute to the capability expressed in voluntary control. Paralleling previous studies on self-initiated movements, we examined how muscle activity was impacted by either implicit or explicit criteria affecting the urgency to respond to the perturbation. Participants maintained their arm position against torque perturbations with unpredictable timing and direction. In the first experiment, the urgency to respond was explicitly altered by varying the time limit (300 ms vs. 700 ms) to return to a small target. A second experiment addresses implicit urgency criteria by varying the radius of the goal target, such that task accuracy could be achieved with less vigorous corrections for large targets than small target. We show that muscle responses at ∼60 ms scaled with the task demand. Moreover, in both experiments, we found a strong intertrial correlation between long-latency responses (∼50-100 ms) and the movement reversal times, which emphasizes that these rapid motor responses are directly linked to behavioral performance. The slopes of these linear regressions were sensitive to the experimental condition during the long-latency and early voluntary epochs. These findings suggest that feedback gains for very rapid responses are flexibly scaled according to task-related urgency.
Efficacy and Safety of Topical Lysostaphin Treatment of Persistent Nasal Carriage of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1971)

The efficacy of lysostaphin nasal spray and Neosporin ointment (Burroughs Wellcome & Co.) in altering nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus was studied with persistent carriers in an institution for mentally retarded children and adults. Treatment for 5 days with either agent significantly reduced carriage rates. This effect persisted through the 5th day after therapy with lysostaphin but not with Neosporin. By the 11th day after therapy, carriage rates in the treatment and control groups were not significantly different. Except for a single immediate wheal and flair skin test reaction, no other evidence of adverse reactions to topical lysostaphin was detected. No consistent changes in hemagglutination-inhibition titers to lysostaphin were observed after therapy. Lysostaphin appears to be slightly more effective than conventional topical antimicrobial therapy in reducing nasal carriage of staphylococci in this rigorously defined population of persistent carriers.
A novel spectrum arrangement scheme for femto cell deployment in LTE macro cells (2009)

Femto cells, also called home base stations, are small cellular access points installed by home users to get better indoor voice and data coverage with lower network operation cost. In this paper, the deployments of femto cells within LTE cellular networks are investigated. Based on the current partial co-channel deployment configuration for LTE Home evolved NodeB, a novel scheme of femtocell-aware spectrum arrangement is proposed for co-channel interference avoidance between macro and femto cells. The performance improvement of the proposed scheme has been validated by simulation results.