gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local Abnormalities of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis and Alveolar Fibrin Deposition in Sheep with Oleic Acid-induced Lung Injury (1988)

Extravascular, primarily intra-alveolar, fibrin deposition is a histologic hallmark of acute lung injury in humans and experimental animals, but the mechanisms leading to this finding are poorly understood. To determine whether local abnormalities in the fibrinolytic-procoagulant balance contribute to alveolar fibrin deposition in acute lung injury, we studied bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of anesthetized sheep that received intravenous oleic acid. Prominent alveolar fibrin deposition was observed within 2 h after oleic acid-induced lung injury. Procoagulant and fibrinolytic activities were determined in BAL samples of anesthetized, mechanically ventilated sheep before and 2 h after intravenous oleic acid or saline. BAL procoagulant activity was found to be due mainly to tissue factor associated with Factor VII. In baseline BAL samples, we found relatively low levels of procoagulant activity and relatively high levels of fibrinolytic activity. After induction of oleic acid-induced lung injury, the procoagulant activity of BAL was markedly increased, whereas fibrinolytic activity was either depressed or undetectable. Antiplasmin activity was detectable in BAL of sheep after oleic acid-induced lung injury, which contributed at least in part to the depressed fibrinolytic activity observed. These perturbations occurred with the appearance of extensive alveolar fibrin deposition. In control sheep, BAL fibrinolytic activity was decreased, and antiplasmin activity increased modestly after 2 h of mechanical ventilation, but procoagulant activity was unchanged and alveolar fibrin was not observed. Procoagulant activity in lung lymph and plasma after lung injury did not differ from baseline values, and fibrinolytic activity was undetectable in lymph or plasma samples. These data indicate that increased procoagulant activity and concurrent disruption of the balance of coagulation and fibrinolysis establish local conditions that promote acute fibrin deposition in the alveoli of mechanically ventilated, oleic acid-injured sheep.
Modeling the Dynamics of Online Learning Activity (2016)

People are increasingly relying on the Web and social media to find solutions to their problems in a wide range of domains. In this online setting, closely related problems often lead to the same characteristic learning pattern, in which people sharing these problems visit related pieces of information, perform almost identical queries or, more generally, take a series of similar actions. In this paper, we introduce a novel modeling framework for clustering continuous-time grouped streaming data, the hierarchical Dirichlet Hawkes process (HDHP), which allows us to automatically uncover a wide variety of learning patterns from detailed traces of learning activity. Our model allows for efficient inference, scaling to millions of actions taken by thousands of users. Experiments on real data gathered from Stack Overflow reveal that our framework can recover meaningful learning patterns in terms of both content and temporal dynamics, as well as accurately track users' interests and goals over time.
Effects of Curvature and Architecture on Ballistic Performance of UHMWPE Helmets (2019)

Abstract Ballistic impact experiments were conducted on three types of Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) helmets. The three types of helmets had the same geometry, but different fiber orientations in the rear layers. The test data were used to evaluate the effects of architectures. Five impact locations were chosen to understand the effects of impact locations and curvatures. The experimental data from flat and cylindrically curved UHMWPE panels were also used to compare with the helmet test data.
Ensemble Brightening and Enhanced Quantum Yield in Size-Purified Silicon Nanocrystals (2012)

We report on the quantum yield, photoluminescence (PL) lifetime, and ensemble photoluminescent stability of highly monodisperse plasma-synthesized silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) prepared though density-gradient ultracentrifugation in mixed organic solvents. Improved size uniformity leads to a reduction in PL line width and the emergence of entropic order in dry nanocrystal films. We find excellent agreement with the anticipated trends of quantum confinement in nanocrystalline silicon, with a solution quantum yield that is independent of nanocrystal size for the larger fractions but decreases dramatically with size for the smaller fractions. We also find a significant PL enhancement in films assembled from the fractions, and we use a combination of measurement, simulation, and modeling to link this "brightening" to a temporally enhanced quantum yield arising from SiNC interactions in ordered ensembles of monodisperse nanocrystals. Using an appropriate excitation scheme, we exploit this enhancement to achieve photostable emission.
Secondary nonresponsiveness to botulinum toxin A in cervical dystonia: The role of electromyogram‐guided injections, botulinum toxin A antibody assay, and the extensor digitorum brevis test (2006)

We studied 20 patients with cervical dystonia who had started to respond poorly to botulinum toxin A (BTXA) injections after an initial good response. All patients had extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) tests performed in addition to BTXA immunoprecipition assay (IPA) and mouse bioassay (MBA) antibody testing. The patients were reexamined and then treated with carefully placed electromyogram (EMG)-guided BTXA. Nine patients had a good clinical response to EMG-guided injections and all of these patients showed an obvious decrement on the EDB test. All were BTXA blocking antibodies (Abs)-negative via IPA and MBA (apart from one patient who had low BTXA antibodies titers using IPA but no antibodies by MBA). In the other 11 patients, there was a poor clinical response to EMG-guided BTXA injections. Seven of these 11 had small EDB decrement and BTXA antibodies using IPA, suggesting resistance to BTXA. Of the remaining four patients, two had obvious EDB decrement and low antibody titers via IPA (one of them had no antibodies via MBA), while the other two patients showed obvious decrement on the EDB test and no antibodies via IPA. This study shows that the EDB test correlates better with the clinical response than the antibody assays and that EDB decrement does not always correlate quantitatively with the BTXA antibody titers. In patients with secondary nonresponsiveness, it is recommended that an EDB test is the initial investigation of choice. In those patients where the EDB test does not demonstrate resistance to BTXA, a reexamination of the patients and carefully placed injections under EMG guidance may improve results.
Constraints generation for analog circuits layout (2004)

Because analog signals are sensitive to noise and parasitics, various layout constraints have to be taken into account in the design of high performance analog circuits. We present constraints' definitions, how to extract them, existing extraction methods, and our methods. Two methods are proposed to extract the layout constraints from analog circuits, such as grouping, symmetry and matching. Circuits are represented as bipartite graphs. Group constraints among devices are generated by means of signal flow analysis on the circuit. Symmetry constraints are extracted by solving graph isomorphism. Matching constraints can be generated by pattern recognition. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methods.
Buried Bump and AC Coupled Interconnection Technology (2004)

A novel physical structure, buried solder bumps, is introduced that solves the compliance problems that exist in scaling present area array technologies to ever-higher densities. In this technique, buried bumps provide dc connections between integrated circuits and substrates and ac coupled interconnections provide paths for ac signals across the same interface. This approach requires co-design of packaging and circuits and meets the growing demands for both interconnect density and bandwidth. AC coupled interconnection arrays can be built with pitches for ac signals below 100 /spl mu/m and data rates of 6 Gb/s per I/O. This paper presents the physical and circuit aspects of this work as well as measured results from capacitively-coupled circuits fabricated in Taiwan semiconductor manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.35-/spl mu/m technology. Simulated results from capacitively-coupled circuits in TSMC 0.18 /spl mu/m are also presented.
A new digital processor for phased-array ultrasound system (1988)

A microprocessor-based digital scan conversion and signal processing system has been developed. This system performs coordinate conversion and processes simultaneously multiple physiological signals and heart function calculation as well as many pre- and postprocessing functions such as image sampling, vector smoothing, frame correlation, linear interpolation, bright window, and smoothing processing along horizontal lines.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reference-less Measure of Faithfulness for Grammatical Error Correction (2018)

Leshem Choshen, Omri Abend. Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 2 (Short Papers). 2018.
A 15 – 55 GHz Low-Loss Ultra-Compact Folded Inductor-Based Multi-Section Wilkinson Power Divider for Multi-Band 5G Applications (2019)

This paper presents a wideband mm-Wave ultra-compact folded inductor-based Wilkinson power divider for multi-band 5G applications. The detailed circuit analysis and design equations are presented. A proof-of-concept design is implemented in GlobalFoundries 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS process with a core chip area of 190 μm × 190 μm. Over 15 - 55 GHz, the measurement results demonstrate that the proposed circuit achieves <; 3° phase mismatch, <; 0.2 dB amplitude imbalance between the two output ports, insertion loss of 3.5 - 4.17 dB (additional passive loss of 0.5 - 1.17 dB), isolation > 10 dB, and return loss > 10 dB, outperforming the state-of-the-art designs.
A new spin on space suits (2015)

An astronaut uses the thrusters on her space suit to propel herself toward a nearby asteroid. With great care, she gets as close and as steady as she can in preparation for knocking a few samples off the surface. But with very little gravity to anchor her, the strike of her hammer throws her backward in an uncontrolled tumble.
Studies towards the synthesis of epothilone A via organoboranes (2005)

Studies towards the synthesis of epothilone A via organoboranes have been described. A modified procedure for the large-scale preparation of B-gamma,gamma-dimethylallyldiisopinocampheylborane from prenyl alcohol has been developed. This reagent, upon reaction with various aldehydes, provides the corresponding alpha,alpha-dimethylhomoallylic alcohols in high enantioselectivities. The application of this reagent for the synthesis of the C1-C6 subunit of epothilone has been demonstrated. Alternatively, inter- and intramolecular asymmetric reduction protocols have also been utilized for the synthesis of the C1-C6 subunit of epothilone A. The synthesis of the C7-C21 fragment of epothilone A involving asymmetric alkoxyallyl- and crotylboration using alpha-pinene-derived reagents has also been described.
Direct and cross-coupled resonator filters using defected ground structure (DGS) resonators (2005)

This paper introduces DGS resonators to be used as building blocks of coupled resonator filters. Different coupling configurations are considered. These new resonators are then applied to design a multilayer second-order coupled resonator bandpass Chebychev filter and a fourth order cross-coupled resonator pseudo-elliptic filter. Experimental results are presented to show the performance of these filters.
How to Identify an Infection Source With Limited Observations (2014)

A rumor spreading in a social network or a disease propagating in a community can be modeled as an infection spreading in a network. Finding the infection source is a challenging problem, which is made more difficult in many applications where we have access only to a limited set of observations. We consider the problem of estimating an infection source for a Susceptible-Infected model, in which not all infected nodes can be observed. When the network is a tree, we show that an estimator for the source node associated with the most likely infection path that yields the limited observations is given by a Jordan center, i.e., a node with minimum distance to the set of observed infected nodes. We also propose approximate source estimators for general networks. Simulation results on various synthetic networks and real world networks suggest that our estimators perform better than distance, closeness, and betweenness centrality based heuristics .
A 10-<i>μ</i>m Two-Stage Inlet for Sampling Indoor Aerosols (1985)

An inlet for sampling indoor aerosols has been developed. It has a outpoint of 10 ± 0.5 μm aerodynamic diameter and a penetration curve slope of 1.51. The unit is designed to operate at a flow rate of 240 L/min. Tests in a wind tunnel at speeds Of 1, 2 and 4 km/h showed there to be no substantial variation of cutpoint with wind speed. In tests with 9.7-μm particles at wind speed of 2 km/h, the sampler orientation was varied to simulate air stream angles of attack. For the sampler axis at −10°, 0° and +10° from the vertical direction, the range of penetration values was only from 51.2 and 53.9%. Other tests, in which the flow rate was varied from 216 to 264 L/min, showed the performance of the inlet was not appreciably affected. Re-entrainment or bounce of solid particles is not of consequence. The difference in penetration of 20-μm aerodynamic diameter glass beads and liquid aerosol is less than 2% at 2 km/h. Collection filters were examined for uniformity of deposits associated with the sampling of 10.2-μm particles. The pooled standard deviation of three test filters with 10 subsamples from each test filter was only 1.8% of the mean of the deposits.
Prototype Equipment for Commercial Pressure-Injection of Aqueous Growth Regulators into Trees (1978)

An equipment system was developed for injection of a low vol of coned aqueous growth regulator solution into shade trees for sprout-regrowth control. The injection equipment is air powered and injects a precise vol into each injection site. Vol and pressure can be easily adjusted. The injectors are small diam and, therefore, easily force fitted into drilled holes and easily removed by hand. Tree disfigurement is not significant. The system has been field tested on several tree species and is at a commercial-prototype stage. Its design is described in detail.
Binding, release, and functionalization of CO2 at a nucleophilic oxo anion complex of titanium (2011)

The titanium oxo anion complex [(Et2O)2Li][OTi(N[tBu]3,5-Me2C6H3)3] ([(Et2O)2Li][1]) reacts with CO2 in diethyl ether to form the carbonate complex ([Li][O2COTi(N[tBu]3,5-Me2C6H3)3])6 ([Li][2]). The solid-state structure of complex [Li][2] is a hexamer with a hexagonal prismatic core comprised of six lithium cations bridged by the carbonate functionality. In the monomeric subunits of [Li][2], the carbonate ligand is bound κ1- to the titanium metal center and pseudo κ2- to the lithium countercation. The hexameric structure persists in benzene solutions as determined by 1H DOSY NMR techniques. The binding of CO2 in complex [Li][2] is reversible and can be effected by the introduction of the lithium sequestration reagent 12-crown-4 to diethyl ether solutions of [Li][2]. Complex [Li][2] is readily functionalized with Me3SiOS(O)2CF3 to yield the silyl carbonate complex Me3SiOC(O)OTi(N[tBu]3,5-Me2C6H3)3 (3), the solid-state structure of which is presented. Functionalization with pivaloyl chloride results in the rapid loss of CO2 and formation of the pivalate complex tBuC(O)OTi(N[tBu]3,5-Me2C6H3)3 (4).
Patatin-Like Phospholipase Domain-Containing 3 I148M Polymorphism, Steatosis, and Liver Damage in Chronic Hepatitis C σ (2010)

The rs738409 PNPLA3 genotype influences steatosis development in CHC and is independently associated with cirrhosis and other steatosis-related clinical outcomes, such as lack of response to antiviral treatment and possibly HCC.
Spinning Rotor Pressure Gauge (1962)

A magnetically suspended rotor pressure gauge is described for measuring pressures below 10−4 torr. The data are in good agreement with those obtained with a calibrated Alpert ionization gauge over the range 10−4 to 5×10−8 torr. When the gas in the vacuum system was frozen out with liquid helium, the rotor gauge recorded a residual pressure of about 5×10−10 torr. A brief discussion is given of a number of effects which unless eliminated may introduce errors into the measurements at the lowest pressures.
구두발표(OA)-농업환경 및 토양,수질 분야 : OA-01 ; 혐기성 토양에서 미생물 활성 평가에 메탄생성균 활성의 동시평가 필요성 (2014)

Soil microbial activity reflects microbiological processes of soil microorganisms and is used as the useful indicator to evaluate soil quality. In order to better utilize the functions of soil microbes it is necessary to have reliable measurements of microbial activity and biomass in soil. By analyzing microbial biomass such as chloroform fumigation extraction/incubation (CFE and CFI), microbial activity was estimated. But that techniques have limitation to determine the total soil biomass without distinguishing between active and inactive components. To concern the active microbes, methods for measuring CO2 released from soil (microbial respiration) are widely used. However, under the extremely reduced soil conditions, CO2 can be used and converted into CH4 by methanogens. Then, microbial activity could be underestimated with only CO2 respiration rate. In order to improve microbial respiration measurement method to precisely evaluate microbial activity under anaerobic condition, the relationship between microbial respiration rate (ex. CO2, and CO2 + CH4) and microbial biomass were evaluated in rice paddy and upland soils during rice and maize cultivations, respectively. The CO2 and CH4 emission rates were evaluated by using a closed chamber method. Microbial biomass carbon contents (MBC) were evaluated in fresh soils by the chloroform fumigation extraction (CFE) method. All the mineralized C loss from upland was CO2 form, but in case of flooded paddy soil, 17% of mineralized C loss was emitted by CH4-C form. Therefore, the MBC and [CO2+CH4]-C flux showed much higher correlation coefficient than single CO2-C. In conclusion, the combined respiration rate of [CO2+CH4]-C should be considered to accurately estimate microbial biomass instead of single CO2 flux under anaerobic condition.
System Level Evaluation of Innovative Coded MIMO-OFDM Systems for Broadcasting Digital TV (2008)

Single-frequency networks (SFNs) for broadcasting digital TV is a topic of theoretical and practical interest for future broadcasting systems. Although progress has been made in the characterization of its description, there are still considerable gaps in its deployment with MIMO technique. The contribution of this paper is multifold. First, we investigate the possibility of applying a space-time (ST) encoder between the antennas of two sites in SFN. Then, we introduce a 3D space-time-space block code for future terrestrial digital TV in SFN architecture. The proposed 3D code is based on a double-layer structure designed for intercell and intracell space time-coded transmissions. Eventually, we propose to adapt a technique called effective exponential signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) mapping (EESM) to predict the bit error rate (BER) at the output of the channel decoder in the MIMO systems. The EESM technique as well as the simulations results will be used to doubly check the efficiency of our 3D code. This efficiency is obtained for equal and unequal received powers whatever is the location of the receiver by adequately combining ST codes. The 3D code is then a very promising candidate for SFN architecture with MIMO transmission.
Organotin compounds in modern technology (1985)

Sommaire : 1.Introduction. 2.PVC Stabilisation. 3.Catalysis. 4.Wood preservation. 5.Antifouling systems. 6.Agricultural chemicals. 7.Medical uses. 8.Miscellaneous biocidal uses. 9.Mono-organotins. 10.Environmental aspects of organotins.
Some considerations in the design of hot-cathode mercury-vapour rectifier circuits (1934)

It is known that in mercury-vapour rectifier circuits certain important advantages may be obtained by the addition of a smoothing filter in which the first element is a choke. In this paper it is shown that the inductance of this choke has to be sufficiently great to ensure that at every instant at least one of the rectifying valves is passing current. A method of calculating the minimum value of inductance required, and some notes on the practical design of a choke, are given.
Real-Time Simultaneous Pose and Shape Estimation for Articulated Objects Using a Single Depth Camera (2014)

In this paper we present a novel real-time algorithm for simultaneous pose and shape estimation for articulated objects, such as human beings and animals. The key of our pose estimation component is to embed the articulated deformation model with exponential-maps-based parametrization into a Gaussian Mixture Model. Benefiting from the probabilistic measurement model, our algorithm requires no explicit point correspondences as opposed to most existing methods. Consequently, our approach is less sensitive to local minimum and well handles fast and complex motions. Extensive evaluations on publicly available datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms most state-of-art pose estimation algorithms with large margin, especially in the case of challenging motions. Moreover, our novel shape adaptation algorithm based on the same probabilistic model automatically captures the shape of the subjects during the dynamic pose estimation process. Experiments show that our shape estimation method achieves comparable accuracy with state of the arts, yet requires neither parametric model nor extra calibration procedure.
Estimation of hydrodynamic coefficients for an AUV using nonlinear observers (2002)

Hydrodynamic coefficients strongly affect the dynamic performance of an autonomous underwater vehicle. Although these coefficients are generally obtained experimentally such as through the planar-motion-mechanism (PMM) test, the measured values are not completely reliable because of experimental difficulties and errors involved. Another approach by which these coefficients can be obtained is the observer method, in which a model-based estimation algorithm predicts the coefficients. In this paper, the hydrodynamic coefficients are estimated using two nonlinear observers - a sliding mode observer and an extended Kalman filter. Their performances are evaluated by comparing the estimated coefficients obtained from the two observer methods with the values as determined from the PMM test. By using the estimated coefficients, a sliding mode controller is constructed for the diving and steering maneuver. It is demonstrated that the controller with the estimated values maintains the desired depth and path with sufficient accuracy.
Epidermal growth factor receptor regulation and function. (1990)

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor is a transmembrane, cell-surface glycoprotein that mediates the mitogenic action of a family of ligands, including EGF and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha). Perturbation of this signal transduction pathway by exposure to excess ligand, by overproduction of the normal EGF receptor, or by the presence of specific mutated forms of this receptor can result in dramatic alterations in cellular phenotype, including malignant transformation. Overstimulation of normal cells is avoided by precise control of the synthesis and degradation of EGF receptors. Regulation occurs at multiple levels, including transcriptional control. A number of DNA-binding proteins have now been identified which positively and negatively modulate EGF receptor gene transcription.