gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Binding of Drugs to Serum Albumin (1976)

In this paper we present the on-going development of a framework for a domain specific, open query language for building information models. The proposed query language is intended for selecting, updating and deleting of data stored in Industry Foundation Classes models. Even though some partial solutions already have been suggested, none of them are open source, domain specific, platform independent and implemented at the same time. This paper provides an overview of existing approaches, conceptual sketches of the language in development and documents the current state of implementation as a prototype plugin developed for the open source model server platform bimserver.org. We report on the execution of example test-cases to show the general feasibility of the approach chosen.
Evaluation of different internal‐diameter column combinations in comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography in flavour and fragrance analysis (2008)

A series of OV1-OV1701 column sets, in which the two dimensions differ in id and/or film thickness, were adopted to separate components of the volatile and semivolatile fraction of samples of plant origin. In particular two applications are presented: a target analysis approach to determine volatile suspected allergens in a medium-complexity fragrance and in sandalwood essential oil, and a fingerprint analysis approach to compare herbal extracts. Some basic chromatographic parameters of these combinations, i. e. net separation measure (S(GC x GC)), degree of orthogonality and a suitable number of modulations per peak, were also estimated by analysing two test mixtures: FAME (C4:0-C24:0) and suspected volatile allergens. Experimental results show that 0.25 mm homologous id column combination, despite their lower separation power, have good capacity to separate and resolve medium-to-complex fractions from samples of plant origin, demonstrating: (i) good system orthogonality, maximized through proper exploitation of stationary-phase selectivity and (ii) reduced 2-D column overloading effects due to the increased 2-D mass loadability, thus facilitating the analysis of mixtures whose components differ significantly in relative abundance.
A neuraminidase from Streptococcus sanguis that can release O-acetylated sialic acids. (1983)

The naturally occurring sialic acids can have different types of N- and O-substitutions, resulting in more than 20 known isomers and compounds. Most methods for the detailed study of these various sialic acids require that the molecules be first released from their alpha-glycosidic linkage. When mild acid hydrolysis is used for this purpose, significant destruction of O-substituent groups occur. On the other hand, the presence of O-substituent groups renders the sialic acid molecule partially or completely resistant to the action of the currently known neuraminidase. To circumvent this problem, we searched for a neuraminidase whose activity is not affected by O-substitution. We reasoned that because Streptococcus sanguis from the human oral cavity is continually exposed to O-substituted sialic acids, its extracellular neuraminidase might not be blocked by O-substitution. We therefore purified this enzyme 3100-fold (56% yield) using ammonium sulfate precipitation, N-(p-aminophenyl)oxamic acid-agarose affinity chromatography, and chromatography on quaternary aminoethyl (QAE)-Sephadex, sulfopropyl (SP)-Sephadex, and Sephacryl S-200. The purified preparation is free of other significant glycosidase activities and proteolytic activities. It is capable of quantitatively releasing all the O-acetylated sialic acids that we studied with the single exception of the 4-O-acetylated sialic acid of equine submaxillary mucin. The activity of the enzyme is also not restricted by the type pf sialic acid linkage or the nature of the underlying oligosaccharide. However, it has maximal activity on gangliosides only in the presence of detergents. The general properties of this enzyme are described and its substrate specificities are contrasted with those of the commonly used neuraminidase from Vibrio cholerae.
Assessment of Spring Wheat Genotypes for Disease Reaction to <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> AG‐8 in Controlled Environment and Direct‐Seeded Field Evaluations (2003)

Rhizoctonia root rot, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG‐8 (Anastomosis Group 8), is a yield limiting disease of direct‐seeded cereal grains. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine whether spring wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes vary in susceptibility to Rhizoctonia root rot in inoculated field trials; and (ii) evaluate whether disease ratings obtained by controlled environment (CE) analyses are predictive of disease ratings or genotype performance in the field. Twenty‐one spring wheat genotypes were evaluated for two crop years in a split‐plot field study with high and low levels of disease pressure. The high‐inoculum (high) treatment consisted of plots planted the previous fall with a 3:1 mixture of winter wheat and oat ( Avena sativa L.) grains colonized by the pathogen. The low‐inoculum (low) treatment was neither inoculated nor planted with a green bridge host the previous fall. Genotypes also were assayed for disease reaction in controlled environment (CE) assays. Average disease ratings of field entries in the high treatment were 2.1 times greater than those from the low treatment ( P < 0.05). The yield average of entries in the high treatment was 87% of that of entries in the low treatment ( P < 0.001). Adult plant heights also were 5 cm shorter ( P < 0.001), heading date was slightly delayed ( P < 0.05), and grain protein content decreased slightly ( P < 0.05) in the high compared with the low treatment. Test weight was not affected by inoculum level. A statistically significant, negative association ( P < 0.0001) between disease rating and grain yield was detected, and variation for reaction to R. solani was detected among genotypes. Disease reaction differences were not detected among genotypes in CE assays, and field and CE disease ratings were not correlated ( P = 0.32), indicating that growth chamber assays were not prognostic of genotype performance in response to pressure from Rhizoctonia root rot in the field.
THE STIMULATION OF LEUCINE-2-C<sup>14</sup>INCORPORATION INTO THE PROTEIN OF ISOLATED RAT DIAPHRAGM BY SIMIAN GROWTH HORMONE ADDED<i>IN VITRO</i><sup>1</sup> (1959)

Journal Article THE STIMULATION OF LEUCINE-2-C14 INCORPORATION INTO THE PROTEIN OF ISOLATED RAT DIAPHRAGM BY SIMIAN GROWTH HORMONE ADDED IN VITRO Get access Endocrinology, Volume 65, Issue 3, 1 September 1959, Pages 525–528, https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-65-3-525 Published: 01 September 1959 Article history Received: 28 April 1959 Published: 01 September 1959
Protecting Polymers in Space with Atomic Layer Deposition Coatings (2010)

Polymers in space may be subjected to a barrage of incident atoms, photons, and/or ions. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques can produce films that mitigate many of the current challenges for space polymers. We have studied the efficacy of various ALD coatings to protect Kapton polyimide, FEP Teflon, and poly(methyl methacrylate) films from atomic-oxygen and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) attack. Atomic-oxygen and VUV studies were conducted with the use of a laser-detonation source for hyperthermal O atoms and a D2 lamp as a source of VUV light. These studies used a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to monitor mass loss in situ, as well as surface profilometry and scanning electron microscopy to study the surface recession and morphology changes ex situ. Al2O3 ALD coatings protected the underlying substrates from atomic-oxygen attack, and the addition of TiO2 coatings protected the substrates from VUV-induced damage. The results indicate that ALD coatings can simultaneously protect polymers from oxygen-atom erosion and VUV radiation damage.
Histopathologic Features of Alopecia Areata (2003)

The histopathologic features of alopecia areata depend on the stage of the current episode. Alopecia areata should be suspected when high percentages of telogen hairs or miniaturized hairs are present, even in the absence of a peribulbar lymphocytic infiltrate.
Privacy group distance bounding protocol on TH-UWB based NTRU public key cryptosystem (2017)

In Time Hopping Ultra-WideBand Impulse Radio (TH-UWB-IR) communication systems, relay attacks represent nowadays a critical threat to authentication protocols. This risk can be mitigated through the use of Distance Bounding (DB) protocols. Some recent works have discussed many issues on the implementation of distance bounding protocols (DB) on UWB communication was considered in the context of single Prover and a single Verifier. In our work, we adapt the THSKI protocol to privacy Group Distance Bounding protocol with NTRU cryptography system. The security and the different merits of the proposed protocol are analyzed.
An epidemiological study of motor neuron disease in Hong Kong (2005)

Worldwide, the incidence of motor neuron disease (MND) has been increasing steadily over recent decades. We reported a follow-up epidemiology study of MND in this locality. We identified the subjects from the computer database of the government hospital system between 1 January 1997 and 31 January 2002 by searching the ICD code starting from 335.xx. Every retrieved case or their records were reviewed and validated by neurologist(s) of the responsible regional hospitals which the patients attended. One hundred and twenty cases from seven regional hospitals (serving 48.05% of the HKSAR population) were identified, validated and confirmed to be MND or related diseases. Ninety-eight new cases were diagnosed during the study period. Average age of onset was 58.76 years; SD 14.12 (28-89) years. Male to female ratio was 1.72:1. Peak age of onset was 60-64 years without sex difference. The adjusted incidence rate was 0.60/100,000/year. The adjusted point prevalence at the prevalence date (31 January 2001) was 3.04/100,000. Despite the incidence and prevalence of MND among Hong Kong Chinese, it remained low compared to worldwide figures, and our data suggested a significant rise of MND or related disease in the last decade. A territory-wide prospective epidemiological study is indicated.
AILA - design of an autonomous mobile dual-arm robot (2011)

This paper presents the design of the robot AILA, a mobile dual-arm robot system developed as a research platform for investigating aspects of the currently booming multidisciplinary area of mobile manipulation. The robot integrates and allows in a single platform to perform research in most of the areas involved in autonomous robotics: navigation, mobile and dual-arm manipulation planning, active compliance and force control strategies, object recognition, scene representation, and semantic perception. AILA has 32 degrees of freedom, including 7-DOF arms, 4-DOF torso, 2-DOF head, and a mobile base equipped with six wheels, each of them with two degrees of freedom. The primary design goal was to achieve a lightweight arm construction with a payload-to-weight ratio greater than one. Besides, an adjustable body should sustain the dual-arm system providing an extended workspace. In addition, mobility is provided by means of a wheel-based mobile base. As a result, AILA's arms can lift 8kg and weigh 5.5kg, thus achieving a payload-to-weight ratio of 1.45. The paper will provide an overview of the design, especially in the mechatronics area, as well as of its realization, the sensors incorporated in the system, and its control software.
Study on Radiation Transfer in Human Skin for Cosmetics (2005)

In order to design cosmetics producing the optical properties that are required for a beautiful skin, the radiation transfer in the skin has been numerically investigated by a Monte Carlo method, and the effects of skin texture and cosmetics on the radiation transfer have been empirically investigated using an artificial skin with a skin texture. The numerical analysis showed that the total internal reflection suppresses not a small portion of radiation going out through the skin surface. And, the experimental study revealed that skin texture and cosmetics do not only diffusely reflect the incoming radiation, but also lead the internally reflected radiation to the outside of the skin.
Carrier induced transient electric fields in a p-i-n InP-InGaAs multiple-quantum-well modulator (1996)

Low-power time-resolved pump-probe measurements made on a InP-In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As p-i-n multiple-quantum-well optical modulator are presented. The results show a nonzero signal at negative delays whose magnitude and sign exhibit a strong dependence upon the wavelength and bias. The overall behavior after zero delay, in particular the signal rise and fall times, also depends strongly upon these parameters. A theory, based upon electric field variations due to carrier motion in the intrinsic region of the device, is developed to explain the results. It is found that the signal at negative delay is due to hole space charge trapped in the quantum wells, while the fast effects after zero delay are due to the rapid emission of electrons which cause a temporary reduction in potential across the device. This is followed by diffusive conduction within the contact layers which restores the potential to its former value. The rich variety of signal responses is attributed to transient Stark shifts which vary greatly with well position due to the nonuniformity of the dynamic change in the electric field. Calculated signal responses are in excellent agreement with the experimental results.
Searching for mobile mice and elephants in GPRS networks (2004)

In this paper, we provide statistics on large-scale traffic measurements that have been made in a live cellular GPRS network. We show that the current GPRS traffic is dominated by HTTP- and WAP-based applications, and further show in what direction (uplink and/or downlink) the ensuing traffic is transmitted as well as statistics on the length of the flows on a per application basis. We find that the results differ compared to those found in similar measurement studies that have been carried out in the fixed Internet. In particular, our results suggest that flows are shorter in cellular networks, and that the so-called mice and elephant effect, whereby a small part of the flows make up a majority of the bytes transferred, is not prevalent in GPRS networks. Instead, extremely short flows account for the majority of the total flows and bytes transferred. We also discuss the impact of this finding on future research on TCP loss recovery.
Aircraft fuselage skin vibration in the field of pressure fluctuations (1997)

Procedure and results of investigation s related to aircraft fuselage skin vibration in the turbulent boundary layer at M=0.4...1.6 are surveyed. Experimental data are compared with the results of prediction according to approximate asymptotic relations. Reliability of the suggested prediction method for RMS-values of normal accelerations of the aircraft fuselage skin excited by turbulent pressure fluctuations and for the spectra corresponding to them in broad (octave)'frequency bands is pointed out.
Adaptive Dynamic Programming for Multi-intersections Traffic Signal Intelligent Control (2008)

This paper aims at developing near optimal traffic signal control for multi-intersections in city. As a new optimization technique, adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) combines concepts of reinforcement learning and dynamic programming. ADP could learn continually from experience to achieve a near optimal control policy under varying conditions. However, without the cooperation among adjacent intersections, the near optimal control for each individual intersection can not guarantee a larger traffic area composing several intersections to be near optimal. This paper presents a new signal control method based on a model-free action-dependent ADP (ADHDP). This method can be used for cooperative control of multiple intersections. In every intersection, an ADHDP signal controller is adopted to adjust signal time according to an integrated unity parameter. The unity parameter is designed to consider not only the control performance in local intersection but also those in the neighbor intersections. Thus the designed controllers could achieve a set of near optimal control police for multi-intersections in a long run. Simulation results show that the trained controller achieves shorter average vehicular delay.
A parallel embedded-processor architecture for ATM reassembly (1999)

The asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) reassembly algorithm for adaptation layer five is broken down into concurrent tasks for efficient VLSI implementation. VHDL and HSPICE simulations show that the proposed reassembly chip architecture will function with ATM line rates up to 700 Mb/s. The architecture is based upon three embedded lightweight processors, a variety of supporting circuitry, and a peripheral component interface (PCI) bus host interface. An important architectural feature is the use of a paged memory management system for the reconstruction of variable length messages.
Observations on the Cultural and Pathogenic Habits of Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Br.) Ferraris (1940)

Ralph Edmund Rawlings, Observations on the Cultural and Pathogenic Habits of Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Br.) Ferraris, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Nov., 1940), pp. 561-594+596+598
Enhanced antigen-presenting capacity of cultured Langerhans' cells is associated with markedly increased expression of Ia antigen. (1987)

Recent studies indicate that when epidermal Langerhans' cells (LC) are cultured for 2 to 3 days they, in comparison to freshly prepared LC, exhibit markedly enhanced ability to stimulate T cell proliferative responses in oxidative mitogenesis and in the mixed epidermal-leukocyte reaction. In this study, we determined whether cultured LC enhance antigen-specific T cell responses, and whether such enhanced stimulatory capacity correlates with the level of Ia antigen expressed on LC. We used C3H/He (Iak) epidermal cells as stimulators and, as responder cells, both the trinitrophenyl-specific clones D8 and SE4, which were assayed for [3H]dThd incorporation, and the pigeon cytochrome c specific hybridoma 2C2, which was assayed for interleukin 2 production. Cultured LC induced 10 to 100 times greater proliferation or interleukin 2 production by responder cells than did freshly prepared LC. The intensity of I-Ak and I-Ek, expressed on cultured LC as assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, was found to be 10 to 36 times greater on a per cell basis than that on freshly prepared LC. Depletion of LC from fresh epidermal cell suspensions by anti-Iak and complement or treatment with 50 mJ/cm2 medium range ultraviolet light or cycloheximide before culture abrogated both the increase in Ia expression and antigen-specific clonal proliferation. The results suggest that when LC are removed from their usual epidermal milieu, they express increased amounts of Ia and become more potent stimulators of T cell responses.
An Implementation of Mobile Sensing for Large-Scale Urban Monitoring (2008)

The extent of human flow in the urban space has reached unprecedented levels, and is therefore the focus of the present study. Unlike common practice on urban monitoring which utilizes cameras or sensors, this research aims to introduce a new platform of urban analysis and monitoring by using mobile sensing to recognize urban behaviour. Population density and its moving pattern can thus be visualized from the usage of the mobile phone. The mobile sensing system is implemented on a web-based interface in order to maximize compatibility and interoperability. The aggregate mobile usages and antenna-mast positions are interpolated into grid-density surfaces. We then analyze urban patterns at a point of time to illustrate how people experience their city. Furthermore, the analytical results help to detect and to explain geographical ‘hot spots ’ and clusterings of the unique characteristics of each urban space. Finally, we present visualizations of the results such as pseudo color and contour maps in order to demonstrate the urban dynamics. With the ubiquity and ever-increasing capabilities of mobile devices, cell phones and their locations could potentially become a powerful source to describe the pattern of the urban space. Traditionally, urban monitoring
Effect of Seeding Osteoprogenitor Cells as Dense Clusters on Cell Growth and Differentiation (2001)

One approach for forming tissue equivalents involves seeding of cells into porous scaffolds followed by culture in vitro. Within this paradigm, the strategy by which cells are initially seeded may dictate the ultimate properties of the tissue equivalent. In particular, low cell densities may suffer from poor intercellular communication, whereas high densities may result in an unfavorable microenvironment due to transport limitations. A third alternative is to seed cells as dense clusters, which might benefit from intercellular contact without the high nutrient demand. To test this approach, planar substrates were seeded with 10(4) osteoprogenitor marrow stromal cells either as a diffuse subconfluent dispersion (2.6 x 10(3) cells/cm(2)) or as a single dense cluster (8 x 10(4) cells/cm(2)). In this study, the densely clustered cells demonstrated significantly diminished cell growth and collagen synthesis. However, a significantly higher level of alkaline phosphatase activity--a measure of bone-forming potential--and moderately more mineralization were observed with these dense cultures. These findings show that clustering can enhance the differentiation phase while diminishing the proliferating phase of these diploid cells without requiring large cell numbers. Thus, this seeding strategy may improve the quality of engineered tissues.
A Stereocontrolled Access to (±)‐, (−)‐, and (+)‐Patchouli Alcohol (1981)

Abstract The racemate and both enantiomers of patchouli alcohol have been synthesized by stereocontrolled routes. The olfactive properties of the patchouli alcohols prepared are reported.
Assessment of current diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barr� syndrome (1990)

Criteria for the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome are reaffirmed. Electrodiagnostic criteria are expanded and specific detail added.
Food-borne viruses in Europe network report: the norovirus GII.4 2006b (for US named Minerva-like, for Japan Kobe034-like, for UK V6) variant now dominant in early seasonal surveillance (2008)

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