gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical aspects of local and regional tumor therapy with 188Re-RC-160. (1997)

Somatostatin-receptors have been found to be overexpressed in a variety of neuro-endocrine and epithelial cancers. While the introduction of a long-acting somatostatin-analogue, octreotide, exerted mainly anti-cancer activity in neuro-endocrine tumors, no convincing results have been demonstrated in other cancers. RC-160, another somatostatin-analogue has been selected because of its high receptor affinity and its anti-cancer activity. 188Re is a generator produced radionuclide with favourable gamma and beta-emission, allowing diagnostic and therapeutic application. The results of in vivo biodistribution and therapeutic outcome following systemic, intralesional and intracavitary application in animal studies employing 188Re-RC-160 are summarized. Safety considerations, dosimetry estimates and applicable indications are outlined. The clinical impacts of this radiopharmaceutical in cancer management are discussed.
Designing high performance precursors for atomic layer deposition of silicon oxide (2014)

Conformal and continuous silicon oxide films produced by atomic layer deposition (ALD) are enabling novel processing schemes and integrated device structures. The increasing drive toward lower temperature processing requires new precursors with even higher reactivity. The aminosilane family of precursors has advantages due to their reactive nature and relative ease of use. In this paper, the authors present the experimental results that reveal the uniqueness of the monoaminosilane structure [(R2N)SiH3] in providing ultralow temperature silicon oxide depositions. Disubstituted aminosilanes with primary amines such as in bis(t-butylamino)silane and with secondary amines such as in bis(diethylamino)silane were compared with a representative monoaminosilane: di-sec-butylaminosilane (DSBAS). DSBAS showed the highest growth per cycle in both thermal and plasma enhanced ALD. These findings show the importance of the arrangement of the precursor's organic groups in an ALD silicon oxide process.
Characteristics and Performance of Existing Load Disaggregation Technologies (2015)

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) or non-intrusive appliance load monitoring (NIALM) is an analytic approach to disaggregate building loads based on a single metering point. This advanced load monitoring and disaggregation technique has the potential to provide an alternative solution to high-priced traditional sub-metering and enable innovative approaches for energy conservation, energy efficiency, and demand response. However, since the inception of the concept in the 1980’s, evaluations of these technologies have focused on reporting performance accuracy without investigating sources of inaccuracies or fully understanding and articulating the meaning of the metrics used to quantify performance. As a result, the market for, as well as, advances in these technologies have been slowly maturing.To improve the market for these NILM technologies, there has to be confidence that the deployment will lead to benefits. In reality, every end-user and application that this technology may enable does not require the highest levels of performance accuracy to produce benefits. Also, there are other important characteristics that need to be considered, which may affect the appeal of NILM products to certain market targets (i.e. residential and commercial building consumers) and the suitability for particular applications. These characteristics include the following: 1) ease of use, the level of expertise/bandwidth required to properly use the product; 2) ease of installation, the level of expertise required to install along with hardware needs that impact product cost; and 3) ability to inform decisions and actions, whether the energy outputs received by end-users (e.g. third party applications, residential users, building operators, etc.) empower decisions and actions to be taken at time frames required for certain applications. Therefore, stakeholders, researchers, and other interested parties should be kept abreast of the evolving capabilities, uses, and characteristics of NILM that make them attractive for certain building environments and different classes of end-users. The intent of this report is to raise awareness of trending NILM approaches. Additionally, three existing technologies were acquired and evaluated using the Residential Building Stock Assessment (RBSA) owner-occupied test bed operated by the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) to understand performance accuracy of current NILM products under realistic conditions. Based on this field study experience, the characteristics exhibited by the NILM products included in the assessment are also discussed in this report in terms of ease of use, ease of installation, ability to inform decisions and actions. Results of the analysis performed to investigate the accuracy of the participating NILM products in estimating energy use of individual appliances are also presented.
ENERGY APPROACH TO FATIGUE FOR PAVEMENT DESIGN (1977)

The paper establishes a practical and simple approach that can be applied directly in a pavement thickness design method. The fatigue behavior of a range of mix types, representative of base course and wearing course mixes in various countries, has been evaluated. The various fatigue curves obtained have been reduced to a few representative curves. For practical design purposes the permissible strain value can be determined easily from these curves. Some examples of design curves, based on the asphalt fatigue strain criterion, for a few typical mixes possessing similar stiffness values but different fatigue properties, are given.
Human MutY Homolog, a DNA Glycosylase Involved in Base Excision Repair, Physically and Functionally Interacts with Mismatch Repair Proteins Human MutS Homolog 2/Human MutS Homolog 6 (2002)

Adenines mismatched with guanines or 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-deoxyguanines that arise through DNA replication errors can be repaired by either base excision repair or mismatch repair. The human MutY homolog (hMYH), a DNA glycosylase, removes adenines from these mismatches. Human MutS homologs, hMSH2/hMSH6 (hMutSalpha), bind to the mismatches and initiate the repair on the daughter DNA strands. Human MYH is physically associated with hMSH2/hMSH6 via the hMSH6 subunit. The interaction of hMutSalpha and hMYH is not observed in several mismatch repair-defective cell lines. The hMutSalpha binding site is mapped to amino acid residues 232-254 of hMYH, a region conserved in the MutY family. Moreover, the binding and glycosylase activities of hMYH with an A/7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-deoxyguanine mismatch are enhanced by hMutSalpha. These results suggest that protein-protein interactions may be a means by which hMYH repair and mismatch repair cooperate in reducing replicative errors caused by oxidized bases.
Phase-locked fiber interferometer with high frequency, low voltage fiber-stretcher and application to optical field reconstruction (2020)

Light carries a great deal of information in the form of amplitude, phase, and polarization, any or most powerfully all, of which may be exploited for the characterization of materials or development of novel technologies. However, extracting the full set of information carried by light becomes increasingly difficult as sample feature sizes shrink and the footprint and cost of detection schemes must decrease as well. Here, a fiber-based interferometric scheme is deployed to extract this information from optical systems which may be assessed three dimensionally down to the nanoscale and/or temporally up to the bandwidth of electronic data acquisition available. The setup utilizes a homemade fiber stretcher to achieve phase-locking of the reference arm and is compatible with heterodyning. More interestingly, a simplified and less expensive approach is demonstrated which employs the fiber stretcher for arbitrarily frequency up-converted (with respect to driving voltage frequency) phase modulation in addition to locking. This improves the detection system’s size, weight, power, and cost requirements, eliminating the need for an acousto-optic modulator and reducing the drive power required by orders of magnitude. High performance is maintained as evidenced by imaging amplitude and phase (and inherently polarization state) in micro and nano optical systems such as lensed fibers and focusing waveguide grating couplers previously imaged only for intensity distribution.
Radiation-corrected open-ended coax line technique for dielectric measurements of liquids up to 20 GHz (1991)

An experimental technique and associated analysis are described for the measurement of the dielectric constants of liquids at microwave frequencies using an open-ended coax probe. The analysis includes radiative corrections to the probe-liquid interface impedance. The technique is applicable to liquid and liquid-like (e.g., biological) samples, having dielectric constants comparable to water, at frequencies up to 20 GHz and possibly as high as 40 GHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tissue Response to Palladium Microprobe, as Observed in Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae) (1982)

Small (250 μm diam) palladium microprobes, either sharpened or blunt-tipped, were inserted into peduncles and petioles of field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. ‘Deltapine 61‘). Two weeks after microprobe insertion, tissue was harvested and processed for subsequent light-microscopic examination. Factors which influence structure and organization of wound response tissue, such as developmental stage of tissue at microprobe implantation site, are discussed. Patterns of differentiation in the wound response tissue which surrounds the microprobes are illustrated. There appeared to be direct rather than peripheral continuity between normal vascular tissue and vascular tissue formed within the wound callus surrounding microprobes implanted in petiole and peduncle. Apparently restoration of direct vascular connections between the original vascular tissue and the vascular tissue formed within the wound callus is a characteristic wound-healing response following microprobe implantation in cotton.
Environmental Oxygen Tension Regulates the Energy Metabolism and Self-Renewal of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (2013)

Energy metabolism is intrinsic to cell viability but surprisingly has been little studied in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The current study aims to investigate the effect of environmental O2 tension on carbohydrate utilisation of hESCs. Highly pluripotent hESCs cultured at 5% O2 consumed significantly more glucose, less pyruvate and produced more lactate compared to those maintained at 20% O2. Moreover, hESCs cultured at atmospheric O2 levels expressed significantly less OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG than those maintained at 5% O2. To determine whether this difference in metabolism was a reflection of the pluripotent state, hESCs were cultured at 5% O2 in the absence of FGF2 for 16 hours leading to a significant reduction in the expression of SOX2. In addition, these cells consumed less glucose and produced significantly less lactate compared to those cultured in the presence of FGF2. hESCs maintained at 5% O2 were found to consume significantly less O2 than those cultured in the absence of FGF2, or at 20% O2. GLUT1 expression correlated with glucose consumption and using siRNA and chromatin immunoprecipitation was found to be directly regulated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α at 5% O2. In conclusion, highly pluripotent cells associated with hypoxic culture consume low levels of O2, high levels of glucose and produce large amounts of lactate, while at atmospheric conditions glucose consumption and lactate production are reduced and there is an increase in oxidative metabolism. These data suggest that environmental O2 regulates energy metabolism and is intrinsic to the self-renewal of hESCs.
1305. Polycyclic cinnoline derivatives. Part XVI. Nitration of benzo[h]naphtho[1,2-c]cinnoline (1965)

P. F. Holt and A. E. Smith, J. Chem. Soc., 1965, 7088 DOI: 10.1039/JR9650007088
Kinetics and mechanism of acetohydroxy acid synthase isozyme III from Escherichia coli (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and mechanism of acetohydroxy acid synthase isozyme III from Escherichia coliNatan Gollop, Batsheva Damri, Ze'ev Barak, and David M. ChipmanCite this: Biochemistry 1989, 28, 15, 6310–6317Publication Date (Print):July 25, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 25 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00441a024https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00441a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views356Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An Inducible Bundle-Forming Pilus of Enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1991)

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), a cause of childhood diarrhea, grow on the surface of the small intestine and on cultured epithelial cells as colonies of adherent bacteria. When propagated on solid medium containing blood or attached to HEp-2 cells, EPEC express ropelike bundles of filaments, termed bundle-forming pili (BFP), that create a network of fibers that bind together the individual organisms. BFP were found to be expressed by five EPEC serogroups, each harboring a approximately 92-kilobase plasmid previously known to be important for virulence in humans. When two of these strains were cured of this plasmid, they neither expressed BFP nor grew as adherent colonies. An antiserum to BFP reduced the capacity of EPEC to infect cultured epithelial cells. BFP are composed of a repeating subunit of 19,500 daltons, the amino-terminal amino acid sequence of this subunit is homologous to that of the toxin-coregulated pilin of Vibrio cholerae.
Thermoplastic elastomers from rubber-plastic blends (1990)

Introduction to thermoplastic elastomers rubber modification of polymers - phase structure, crystallization, processing and properties natural rubber - polyethylene blends natural rubber - polypropylene blends EPDM - polypropylene blends two phase elastomer alloys blends of poly (vinyl chloride) and nitrile rubber thermoplastic elastomers from miscellaneous rubber - plastic blends.
CD40-CD40 Ligand Interactions Augment Survival of Normal Mice, but Not CD40 Ligand Knockout Mice, Challenged Orally with<i>Salmonella dublin</i> (1999)

Interactions between CD40 expressed on macrophages and CD40 ligand expressed on T lymphocytes can be an important signal for optimal macrophage activation. Previous studies have demonstrated that the optimal response against certain intracellular pathogens (e.g., Crytosporidium and Leishmania spp.) by macrophages requires CD40-CD40 ligand interactions. However, this finding is not universal, since two recent reports utilizing CD40 knockout mice have shown no such contribution to the protective immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Histoplasma capsulatum. We demonstrate here that CD40-CD40 ligand interactions are significant events in the protective response against the intracellular pathogen Salmonella dublin in normal mice but not for animals genetically deficient in CD40 ligand expression. Treating BALB/c mice exogenously with a CD40 agonist (i.e., soluble trimeric CD40 ligand) increased resistance against a lethal, orally administered dose of S. dublin. Conversely, in vivo administration of a monoclonal antibody against CD40 ligand to block endogenous CD40-CD40 ligand interactions resulted in a decreased resistance to salmonellosis. In contrast, CD40 ligand knockout mice demonstrated no increased susceptibility to salmonellosis. In vitro treatment of Salmonella-infected macrophages from BALB/c mice with soluble trimeric CD40 ligand resulted in an elevated production of interleukin 12p70 by these cells, suggesting a mechanism whereby CD40-CD40 ligand interactions might enhance protective immune responses to this pathogen. Taken together, these studies strongly suggest that CD40-CD40 ligand interactions in normal mice play an important protective role in immune responses against the gram-negative, intracellular pathogen S. dublin.
Temperature and water induced softening behaviour of wood fiber based materials (1982)

The composite structural material comprising paper and wood is analysed in terms of thermal softening and hygroplasticization with regard to its constituent polymers. In particular, an attempt is made to relate the softening occurring under dry conditions to that occurring under moist conditions. It is proposed that the semi-crystal 1ine cellulose exhibits a broad transition region and thus displays a gradual softening at increasing moisture contents. The crystallites restrict the motion of the tie molecules between the crystallites in the microfibrils and thus shift the transition in these regions to higher temperatures or higher moisture contents. For the amorphous carbohydrates the plasticizing effect of water is estimated from a free volume related theory of Kaelble. A mechanical model of the wood fiber is suggested where the cellulose microfibrils act as the reinforcements in a matrix of hemicelluloses. The fiber wall is built up as a laminate. Based on this model the macroscopic response to softening of the individual components is calculated. It is suggested that the softening effect due to water immersion results from a softening of the disordered zones between the cellulose crystallites in the microfibril. Under these conditions the fiber is best represented by a discontinuous reinforced system in which only the cellulose crystals act as reinforcing elements. By an immersion technique in hot silicone oil it has been possible to study the properties of dry paper and wood at temperatures up to 250°C where fast chemical reactions otherwise interfere. For most papers the main softening occurs at 230 C. It is demonstrated that native or only slightly modified lignin under dry conditions softens at 205 C or thereabove. The differences in the softening behaviour of wood along and across the grain are shown to be predictable from the structural arrangement of the components within the wood. Under both dry and water-immersed conditions an apparent activation energy has been obtained for the glass transition of lignin. The softening of paper in the RH-range of 0 % to 95 % has been measured over the temperature range of -25 C to 65 C. By a temperature shift of the curves at different moisture contents a master curve is constructed. The shift terms follow the ones predicted from free volume theories. It is concluded that the changes in elastic properties of paper with increasing moisture content are determined by a softening of the amorphous carbohydrates. The presence of dried in stresses is shown to be unaffected by the softening in this RH range studied. It is proposed that the dried in stresses are mainly due to restraints imposed in the disordered regions of the cellulose.
Erythrocyte cation cotransport and countertransport in essential hypertension. (1984)

We studied erythrocyte cation cotransport and countertransport systems in 21 and 27 patients with essential hypertension, respectively, all of whom were under 50 years of age, had a diastolic blood pressure level greater than 100 mm Hg, and had a family history of hypertension. The following parameters were normal in nearly all patients: total erythrocyte Na+ and K+ concentrations, the maximal rate (Vmax) of inward cotransport, the affinity of cotransport with Rb+ as the substrate, the net outward cotransport of Na+ ions, the passive "leak" influx of Rb,+ and the maximal rate of Li+-Na+ countertransport. Only four patients gave clearly abnormal results; in two the maximal rate of both cotransport and countertransport was double the normal values, while another two patients demonstrated a greater than twofold increase in passive "leak" influx to Rb+ ions. Most of the patients with moderate to severe essential hypertension in this Australian study were characterized by normal erythrocyte cation fluxes, but a few showed elevation of both cotransport and countertransport of cations.
Dynamic properties of natural rubber containing heat-treated carbon blacks (1965)

The dynamic properties of a series of carbon black-filled natural rubber vulcanizates have been studied for their amplitude dependence. The HAF blacks studied possessed low, normal, or high structure, and one series of the high structure blacks was subjected to heat treatment up to 2700°C. The effect of heat treatment of the black was to increase the low amplitude dynamic shear modulus and hysteresis but to reduce the high strain tensile modulus. These effects were studied with respect to the dispersion of the black.
Notes on the habits of European and North American Cucujidae (sens. auct.) (1921)

Orijzmphilus surinamensis L. (Fig. 7.) The "saw-toothed grain-beetle" the most abundant, most widely distributed and best-known species of the family.'It is cosmopolitan and gregarious; living in nearly all stored human foods of vegetable origin; cereals (rice, wheat, maize, barley, etc.), ground or unground or in the form of paste (macaroni), bread etc.; dried fruits, nuts, copra, more rarely in sugar, starch, drugs, tobacco, snuff or dried meats.The larva, which is very active, is also gregarious, living with the beetles and evidently capable of thriving on most of the substances mentioned (Glover, 1869;
Protective Role of <i>tolC</i> in Efflux of the Electron Shuttle Anthraquinone-2,6-Disulfonate (2002)

Extracellular electron transfer can play an important role in microbial respiration on insoluble minerals. The humic acid analog anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) is commonly used as an electron shuttle during studies of extracellular electron transfer. Here we provide genetic evidence that AQDS enters Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 and causes cell death if it accumulates past a critical concentration. A tolC homolog protects the cell from toxicity by mediating the efflux of AQDS. Electron transfer to AQDS appears to be independent of the tolC pathway, however, and requires the outer membrane protein encoded by mtrB. We suggest that there may be structural and functional relationships between quinone-containing electron shuttles and antibiotics.
Concurrency control with data coloring (2008)

Concurrency control is one of the main sources of error and complexity in shared memory parallel programming. While there are several techniques to handle concurrency control such as locks and transactional memory, simplifying concurrency control has proved elusive.