gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiplex PCR: Rapid DNA cycling in a conventional thermal cycler (2003)

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a variant of PCR in which two or more target sequences are simultaneously amplified in the same reaction. In the present study we investigated the limits to which the duration of multiplex PCR steps can be shortened using the thermal cycler Gene Amp PCR system 9600 (Perkin Elmer, Oak Brook, IL). The present multiplex PCR assay simultaneously detects five different herpes viruses (HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, CMV, and EBV) and assesses sample suitability in a single amplification round of 40 cycles. It appears that when six target sequences are simultaneously amplified in multiplex PCR, extension time is a critical parameter. Using a PCR protocol of 0 sec at 95 degrees C, 0 sec at 60 degrees C, and 0 sec at 74 degrees C with Platinum Taq DNA polymerase (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD), we were able to reduce the total cycling time of the multiplex PCR assay to as little as 55 min, without affecting the yield of PCR products or the specificity of the assay. It may be necessary to optimize each specific apparatus and template, but any such optimization would be trivial.
FIELD STUDY OF VIBRATIONS IN A CONTINUOUS BRIDGE (1986)

This paper contains the initial results from a field study of the vibrations of a continuous bridge. The Connecticut Department of Transportation requested that the Department of Civil Engineering review this bridge because it has received repeated comments from the public who use it. These comments center on the vibrations which are noticeable to someone standing on it or sitting in a stopped vehicle. Prior to the field study, the static deflections under the present load specifications were determined to get a preliminary evaluation of the stiffness and the resulting deformations. The natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes were also estimated based on a simplified model.
Photosensitized oxidation of furans. Part 12. Solvent effects in thermal rearrangement of the 2,5-peroxides of 2,5-unsubstituted furans (1987)

The formation, thermal stability, and modes of thermal rearrangement of the 2,5-peroxides (1a–i) of 2,5-unsubstituted furans are reported. In apolar solvents the main product of thermal rearrangement is the cis diepoxide (3) accompanied by the epoxyfuranones (6) and (7). These rearrangements are thought to proceed via concerted processes, although no distinction can be made between them and rearrangements via diradicals. In basic solvents the 5-hydroxyfuran-2(5H)-ones (4) and (5) are isolated in high yields. In this case the rearrangements are explained by assuming ion pairs, (18), as intermediates.
Low-Dose Brain Natriuretic Peptide Infusion in Normal Men and the Influence of Endopeptidase Inhibition (1997)

1. To assess the threshold dose for bioactivity of brain natriuretic peptide and the role of endopeptidase 24.11 in metabolism of brain natriuretic peptide at physiological plasma levels, we studied eight normal men receiving 2 h infusions of low-dose brain natriuretic peptide [0.25 and 0.5 pmol min-1 kg-1 with and without pretreatment with an endopeptidase inhibitor (SCH 32615, 250 mg intravenously)] in placebo-controlled studies. 2. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide increased 2-fold during the infusion of 0.25 pmol min-1 kg-1 (mean increment above control 3.9 pmol/l, P < 0.001), and tripled (P < 0.001) with 0.5 pmol min-1 kg-1. Plasma renin activity was inhibited by both doses (14.8%, P < 0.01, and 20%, P < 0.001, respectively). A significant natriuresis (56% increase in urine sodium/creatinine ratio, P < 0.02) occurred with the higher dose. Blood pressure, haematocrit, plasma cGMP, atrial natriuretic peptide and aldosterone were unaffected by either dose. 3. Compared with brain natriuretic peptide (0.5 pmol min-1 kg-1) alone, SCH 32615 pretreatment increased peak plasma brain natriuretic peptide (13.4 +/- 0.78 versus 12.4 +/- 0.86 pmol/l, P < 0.05), ANP (7.5 +/- 0.96 versus 5.9 +/- 0.4 pmol/l, P < 0.01) and cGMP (4.8 +/- 1.7 versus 3.9 +/- 1.4 nmol/l, P < 0.001). Plasma renin activity was further suppressed with SCH 32615 pretreatment (29% compared with 20%, P < 0.001). 4. Small acute increments in plasma brain natriuretic peptide (4 pmol/l) have significant biological effects in normal men without altering plasma atrial natriuretic peptide or cGMP.
Multimodal Uncertainty Reduction for Intention Recognition in Human-Robot Interaction (2019)

Assistive robots can potentially improve the quality of life and personal independence of elderly people by supporting everyday life activities. To guarantee a safe and intuitive interaction between human and robot, human intentions need to be recognized automatically. As humans communicate their intentions multimodally, the use of multiple modalities for intention recognition may not just increase the robustness against failure of individual modalities but especially reduce the uncertainty about the intention to be recognized. This is desirable as particularly in direct interaction between robots and potentially vulnerable humans a minimal uncertainty about the situation as well as knowledge about this actual uncertainty is necessary. Thus, in contrast to existing methods, in this work a new approach for multimodal intention recognition is introduced that focuses on uncertainty reduction through classifier fusion. For the four considered modalities speech, gestures, gaze directions and scene objects individual intention classifiers are trained, all of which output a probability distribution over all possible intentions. By combining these output distributions using the Bayesian method Independent Opinion Pool [1] the uncertainty about the intention to be recognized can be decreased. The approach is evaluated in a collaborative human-robot interaction task with a 7-DoF robot arm. The results show that fused classifiers, which combine multiple modalities, outperform the respective individual base classifiers with respect to increased accuracy, robustness, and reduced uncertainty.
<title>GaAsP photocathode with 40% QE at 550 nm</title> (1992)

We have fabricated 18mm format vacuum photodiodes incorporating GaAsP/A1GaAsP photocathodes (Eg 8eV) with P-20 phosphor screens. The photocathode response peaks at approximately 550nm. The quantum efficiency at 550nm is in excess of 55 (electrons per incident photon). The photocathode dark current for these tubes is less than i014 Amps/cm2 at room temperature. We have compared this cathode with the GaAs/AlGaAs photocathode.
Optical design of a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (1976)

The design and laboratory manipulation of the optical resonator of a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser has been aided by a unique computer program written for the desk-top HP 9820 calculator-plotter. The program is a self-consistent treatment of Gaussian mode propagation and includes the thermooptical effects of intracavity elements. The optimization of the frequency-doubled laser is greatly aided by use of the computer program. A listing and narrative of the computer program and its use in optimization of the frequency-doubled Nd:YAG is available upon request.
Quantitative analysis of the three regimes of DNA electrophoresis in agarose gels (1988)

Abstract An extensive series of experiments has been performed to study the mobility of DNA fragments ranging in size from 2.0 to 48.5 kilobose pairs. By varying the agarose concentration in the gels and the electric field strength, three DNA electrophoresis regimes were clearly identified: the Ogston regime (small DNA fragments in large pores of agarose), the reptation regime without DNA chain stretching (small pores of agarose and weak electric fields), and the reptation regime with DNA chain stretching (small pores of agarose, strong electric fields, and large DNA fragments). Here we report on the experimental identification of these regimes and on the conditions governing the transition between each of them. The onset of reptation and of stretching of DNA chains in gel electrophoresis are described quantitatively for the first time, and a phase diagram for the dynamics of DNA during electrophoresis is presented.
Fishing for Knowledge (1990)

Although it may come as a surprise to persons unacquainted with fisheries economics, traditional theory assumes away the problem of finding fish.' The point of this paper is to begin the development of an economic theory of fishing that emphasizes the problem of producing knowledge about the location of fish. When the fisheries production problem is viewed from this perspective it tends to resemble the intellectual property problem much more than the traditional common property problem.2 The central question becomes how to maintain the incentives for the production of new knowledge in the face of a highly impaired system of property rights for knowledge. Although fisheries may seem, at first glance, to be far removed from the problems of, for example, research and development, I would assert that the fundamental problem is the same and that many of the institutional and behavioral responses predicted by this theory and found in fisheries have strong parallels elsewhere in the economy. In the context of the fishery, the specific problem addressed here is this: The ocean is a very large, complex, and rapidly changing environment. No individual fisherman acting alone could hope to acquire the experience necessary to establish the regularity or predictability required for its successful exploitation. This means that knowledge of the ocean must be acquired and exchanged by a large number of individuals. However, when combined with the of capture-that is, the rule that whoever catches the fish owns them-the need to collectively acquire and exchange information creates conflicting incentives. The rule of capture creates very strong incentives for the individual acquisition of new knowledge (through either its production or trade), but it also leads to equally strong incentives for the withholding, distortion, and strategic use of informationincentives that tend to reduce the traded valu of new knowledge. One would expect, consequently, a tendency toward underinvestment in the acquisition of new knowledge and, more important, in compensating response, attempts to establish institutions (i.e., contractual forms) that reduce the impairment in the exchange of knowledge and, thereby, also the underinvestment (Williamson 1985). How this occurs in fishing communities and the effects
A Survey on Urban Traffic Management System Using Wireless Sensor Networks (2016)

Nowadays, the number of vehicles has increased exponentially, but the bedrock capacities of roads and transportation systems have not developed in an equivalent way to efficiently cope with the number of vehicles traveling on them. Due to this, road jamming and traffic correlated pollution have increased with the associated adverse societal and financial effect on different markets worldwide. A static control system may block emergency vehicles due to traffic jams. Wireless Sensor networks (WSNs) have gained increasing attention in traffic detection and avoiding road congestion. WSNs are very trendy due to their faster transfer of information, easy installation, less maintenance, compactness and for being less expensive compared to other network options. There has been significant research on Traffic Management Systems using WSNs to avoid congestion, ensure priority for emergency vehicles and cut the Average Waiting Time (AWT) of vehicles at intersections. In recent decades, researchers have started to monitor real-time traffic using WSNs, RFIDs, ZigBee, VANETs, Bluetooth devices, cameras and infrared signals. This paper presents a survey of current urban traffic management schemes for priority-based signalling, and reducing congestion and the AWT of vehicles. The main objective of this survey is to provide a taxonomy of different traffic management schemes used for avoiding congestion. Existing urban traffic management schemes for the avoidance of congestion and providing priority to emergency vehicles are considered and set the foundation for further research.
3-Pyrrolidinecarboxylic Acid for Direct Catalytic Asymmetric <i>a</i><i>nti</i>-Mannich-Type Reactions of Unmodified Ketones (2006)

We report the development of direct catalytic, enantioselective, anti-selective Mannich-type reactions between unmodified ketones and alpha-imino esters under mild conditions. The reactions were performed using 5-10 mol % of (R)-3-pyrrolidinecarboxylic or (R)-beta-proline as catalyst in an environmentally benign solvent, 2-PrOH, at room temperature. The anti-Mannich products were obtained in good yields with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to anti/syn >99:1, 99% ee). While (3R,5R)-5-methyl-3-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid is an excellent catalyst for the anti-Mannich-type reactions of aldehydes, it did not efficiently catalyze the corresponding Mannich-type reactions of ketones; (R)-3-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid did efficiently catalyze the Mannich-type reactions of ketones. (S)-Proline or (S)-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid has been reported to catalyze the Mannich-type reactions of ketones to afford the syn-products. Thus, the position of the carboxylic acid group on the pyrrolidine ring directs the stereoselection of the catalyzed reaction, providing either syn- or anti-Mannich products.
The psychometric properties of clinical rating scales used in multiple sclerosis (1999)

OullII;l y Many clinical rating scales have been proposed to assess the impact of multiple sclerosis on patients, but only few have been evaluated formally for reliability, validity and responsiveness. We assessed the psychometric properties of five commonly used scales in multiple sclerosis, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the Scripps Neurological Rating Scale (SNRS), the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the Ambulation Index (AI) and the Cambridge Multiple Sclerosis Basic Score (CAMBS). The score frequency distributions of all five scales were either bimodal (EDSS and AI) or severely skewed (SNRS, FIM and CAMBS). The reliability of each scale depended on the definition of 'agreement'. Inter-and intra-rater reliabilities were high when 'agreement' was considered to exist despite a difference of up to 1.0 EDSS point (two 0.5 steps), 13 SNRS points, 9 FIM points, 1 AI point and 1 point on the various CAMBS domains. The FIM, AI, and the relapse and progression domains of the CAMBS were sensitive to clinical change, but the EDSS and the SNRS were unresponsive. The validity of these scales as impairment (SNRS and EDSS) and disability (EDSS, FIM, AI and the disability domain of the CAMBS) measures was established. All scales correlated closely with other measures of handicap and quality of life. None of these scales satisfied the psychometric requirements of outcome measures completely, but each had some desirable properties. The SNRS and the EDSS were reliable and valid measures of impairment and disability, but they were unresponsive. The FIM was a reliable, valid and responsive measure of disability, but it is cumbersome to administer and has a limited content validity. The AI was a reliable and valid ambulation-related disability scale, but it was weakly responsive. The CAMBS was a reliable (all four domains) and responsive (relapse and progression domains) outcome measure, but had a limited validity (handicap domain). These psychometric properties should be considered when designing further clinical trials in multiple sclerosis.
Vision-based distance and area measurement system (2008)

The objective of this paper is to enable CCD camera for area measuring while recording images simultaneously. Based on an established relationship between pixel number and distance in this paper, we can derive the horizontal and vertical length of a targeted object, and subsequently calculate the area covered by the object. Because of the advantages demonstrated, the proposed system can be used for large-area measurements. For example, we can use this system to measure the size of the gap in the embankments during flooding, or the actual area affected by the landslides. Other applications include the surveying of ecosystems by inspecting how widely spread is a certain type of life form. For places which are difficult or impossible to reach, this system can be particularly useful in performing area measurements. Experiments conducted in this paper have indicated that different shooting distances and angles do not affect the measuring results.
An updated set of basic linear algebra subprograms (BLAS) (2002)

article Share on An updated set of basic linear algebra subprograms (BLAS)ACM Transactions on Mathematical SoftwareVolume 28Issue 2pp 135–151https://doi.org/10.1145/567806.567807Published:01 June 2002Publication History 510citation2,184DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations510Total Downloads2,184Last 12 Months45Last 6 weeks9 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Functional MRI of human brain activation at high spatial resolution (1993)

Functional activation maps of the human visual cortex were obtained at a spatial resolution almost two orders of magnitude better than achievable by positron emission tomography and within measuring times of a few seconds. Transient alterations in the concentration of paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin were conveniently detected at 2.0-T with use of RF-spoiled FLASH MRI sequences employing gradient echo times of 6 to 60 ms and voxel sizes of 2.5 to 39 microliters.
The Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score: associations with MC1R single nucleotide polymorphisms and host response to ultraviolet radiation (2010)

Multiple sclerosis outcome is influenced by interactions between host response to ultraviolet radiation and MC1R single nucleotide polymorphisms. The influence of the single nucleotide polymorphisms appears distinct from their association with skin type.
Loss Characterization and Calculation of Nanocrystalline Cores for High-Frequency Magnetics Applications (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The loss density of the nanocrystalline magnetic material is experimentally characterized up to 500 kHz and above 1 Tesla in this paper. <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$B$</tex></formula>–<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$H$</tex></formula> hysteresis magnetization curves and loss density of the material under various operating temperatures up to 150 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$^{\circ}$</tex></formula>C are measured and presented. The core preparing effect on magnetic loss density is also identified by experiments, which provides information necessary to practical magnetic designs. A new empirical core loss calculation method, flux-waveform-coefficient Steinmetz equation, is proposed and verified for the nanocrystalline material under resonant operations, which are often employed in high-frequency power converter applications. The proposed approach is either more accurate or easier to use than the previous methods. </para>
Message-optimal incremental snapshots (2003)

The problem of obtaining a global state or snapshot of a distributed processing system is considered. A message-efficient protocol is presented for obtaining incremental snapshots. First, worst-case lower bounds on the number of messages used by any protocol that solves the incremental snapshot problem are given, and then a protocol that is message-efficient is provided. This protocol obtains a snapshot of the system using the most recent snapshot. The message complexity of the incremental snapshot protocol matches the two lower bounds simultaneously, and hence the protocol is asymptotically message optimal. For applications in database systems, debugging distributed programs, monitoring events, or checkpointing, the protocol is asymptotically message optimal. Because of its simplicity, the protocol can be used readily, and since it uses the minimum number of additional messages, the throughput of the distributed system is not adversely affected.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enhancement of HLA class II restricted antigen presentation by mannose-receptor-mediated uptake (1997)

Conference Article| May 01 1997 Enhancement of HLA class II restricted antigen presentation by mannose-receptor-mediated uptake F. Koning F. Koning 1Department of Immunohematology and Blood Bank, University Hospital, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Received: January 10 1997 Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (2): 664–665. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250664 Article history Received: January 10 1997 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F. Koning; Enhancement of HLA class II restricted antigen presentation by mannose-receptor-mediated uptake. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1997; 25 (2): 664–665. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250664 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: MIIC, MHC class II loading compartment This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Robust reduced graphene oxide paper fabricated with a household non-stick frying pan: a large-area freestanding flexible substrate for supercapacitors (2015)

Graphene papers facilely fabricated in non-stick frying pans were demonstrated to possess great potential in flexible and robust all-solid supercapacitors.
Quantitative Phase Imaging of Cells and Tissues (2011)

Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Groundwork Chapter 3. Spatiotemporal Field Correlations Chapter 4. Image Characteristics Chapter 5. Light Microscopy Chapter 6. Holography Chapter 7. Point-Scanning QPI Methods Chapter 8. Principles of Full-Field QPI Chapter 9. Off-Axis Methods Chapter 10. Phase-Shifting Methods Chapter 11. Common-Path Methods Chapter 12. White Light Methods Chapter 13. Fourier Transform Light Scattering Chapter 14. Current Trends in Methods Chapter 15. Current Trends in Applications Appendix A. Complex Analytic Signals Appendix B. The Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Fourier Transform Appendix C. QPI Artwork Index
Using the nitrogen mineralization soil test to predict spring fertilizer N rate for soft white winter wheat grown in western Oregon (2010)

Published January 2006. This publication was replaced by OSU Extension publication EM 9020. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog