gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of dietary supplementation with urea on resilience and resistance to infection with <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (1998)

Previous research has indicated that supplementing an apparently adequate diet with additional protein improves both host resistance and resilience in lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus. The present study tested the influence of supplementation with non-protein nitrogen (urea). Helminth-naive Hampshire Down lambs were given an apparently adequate basal diet or a diet supplemented with urea. The lambs were then infected with Haemonchus contortus for 10 weeks. Supplementation with urea had no discernible effect on resistance to infection; faecal egg counts, worm burdens, worm lengths and mean number of eggs per adult female worm did not differ between the 2 groups. However, lambs on the supplemented diet showed better resilience; they had greater packed red cell volumes, higher plasma albumin concentrations and increased liveweight gain compared to lambs on the basal diet. The loss of appetite following infection was less in lambs fed the urea-supplemented diet. The observed effect of urea supplementation was seemingly due to greater food consumption as well as the better diet.
Transmission-blocking activity induced by malaria vaccine candidates Pfs25/Pvs25 is a direct and predictable function of antibody titer (2007)

ELISA data may be used as a surrogate for the MFA to evaluate transmission-blocking vaccine efficacy. This will facilitate the evaluation of transmission-blocking vaccines and implementation of this malaria control strategy.
A signal-on homogeneous electrochemical biosensor for sequence-specific microRNA based on duplex-specific nuclease-assisted target recycling amplification (2016)

A signal-on homogeneous electrochemical biosensor for sequence-specific microRNA (miRNA) based on duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) assisted target recycling amplification has been developed.
Relationship between Arterial and Heated Skin Surface Carbon Dioxide Tension in Adults (1985)

Carbon dioxide tension was measured on heated skin surface (PSCO2) and in arterial blood (PaCO2) in eight adult patients during intermittent positive pressure ventilation. A total of 299 PaCO2-PSCO2 measurements were performed at electrode temperatures of 45 degrees C, 43 degrees C and 38 degrees C. The PSCO2-PaCO2 relation was evaluated using: 1) linear regression, 2) PSCO2/PaCO2 ratio and 3) temperature correction methods. Both linear regression and ratio indicate temperature dependency of the PSCO2-PaCO2 relation. The temperature correction method was done with a blood PCO2 temperature coefficient of 4.6% per degrees C and at two temperatures: electrode temperature (according to Severinghaus) and estimated capillary blood temperature. The results indicate that the relation between PaCO2, PSCO2 and electrode temperature is constant enough to permit estimation of PaCO2 from PSCO2 during stable circulatory conditions.
Minimum Description Length Based Hidden Markov Model Clustering for Life Sequence Analysis (2010)

In this article, a model-based method for clustering life sequences is suggested. In the social sciences, model-free clustering methods are often used in order to find typical life sequences. The suggested method, which is based on hidden Markov models, provides principled probabilistic ranking of candidate clusterings for choosing the best solution. After presenting the principle of the method and algorithm, the method is tested with real life data, where it finds eight descriptive clusters with clear probabilistic structures.
Impairing existing declarative memory in humans by disrupting reconsolidation (2013)

During the past decade, a large body of research has shown that memory traces can become labile upon retrieval and must be restabilized. Critically, interrupting this reconsolidation process can abolish a previously stable memory. Although a large number of studies have demonstrated this reconsolidation associated amnesia in nonhuman animals, the evidence for its occurrence in humans is far less compelling, especially with regard to declarative memory. In fact, reactivating a declarative memory often makes it more robust and less susceptible to subsequent disruptions. Here we show that existing declarative memories can be selectively impaired by using a noninvasive retrieval-relearning technique. In six experiments, we show that this reconsolidation-associated amnesia can be achieved 48 h after formation of the original memory, but only if relearning occurred soon after retrieval. Furthermore, the amnesic effect persists for at least 24 h, cannot be attributed solely to source confusion and is attainable only when relearning targets specific existing memories for impairment. These results demonstrate that human declarative memory can be selectively rewritten during reconsolidation.
Improved Malware Detection Model with Apriori Association Rule and Particle Swarm Optimization (2019)

The incessant destruction and harmful tendency of malware on mobile devices has made malware detection an indispensable continuous field of research. Different matching/mismatching approaches have been adopted in the detection of malware which includes anomaly detection technique, misuse detection, or hybrid detection technique. In order to improve the detection rate of malicious application on the Android platform, a novel knowledge-based database discovery model that improves apriori association rule mining of a priori algorithm with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to optimize the random generation of candidate detectors and parameters associated with apriori algorithm (AA) for features selection. In this method, the candidate detectors generated by particle swarm optimization form rules using apriori association rule. These rule models are used together with extraction algorithm to classify and detect malicious android application. Using a number of rule detectors, the true positive rate of detecting malicious code is maximized, while the false positive rate of wrongful detection is minimized. The results of the experiments show that the proposed a priori association rule with Particle Swarm Optimization model has remarkable improvement over the existing contemporary detection models.
Further Light on the Relation of 1 and 2 Henry IV (1952)

Further Light on the Relation of 1 and 2Henry IV Get access H. Edward Cain H. Edward Cain The Catholic University of America Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 3, Issue 1, Winter 1952, Pages 21–38, https://doi.org/10.2307/2866277 Published: 01 January 1952
Bioactivity Focus of α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) Leads to Effective Multifunctional Aldose Reductase Inhibitors (2016)

Bioactivity focus on α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) scaffold results in a small library of novel multifunctional aldose reductase (ALR2) inhibitors. All the entities displayed good to excellent inhibition with IC50 72-405 nM. (R,E)-N-(3-(2-acetamido-3-(benzyloxy)propanamido)propyl)-2-cyano-3-(4-hydroxy phenyl)acrylamide (5f) was confirmed as the most active inhibitor (IC50 72.7 ± 1.6 nM), and the best antioxidant. 5f bound to ALR2 with new mode without affecting the aldehyde reductase (ALR1) activity, implicating high selectivity to ALR2. 5f was demonstrated as both an effective ALR2 inhibitor (ARI) and antioxidant in a chick embryo model of hyperglycemia. It attenuated hyperglycemia-induced incidence of neural tube defects (NTD) and death rate, and significantly improved the body weight and morphology of the embryos. 5f restored the expression of paired box type 3 transcription factor (Pax3), and reduced the hyperglycemia-induced increase of ALR2 activity, sorbitol accumulation, and the generation of ROS and MDA to normal levels. All the evidences support that 5f may be a potential agent to treat diabetic complications.
<i>APOE</i> genotype influences acquisition and recall following traumatic brain injury (2002)

APOE has been demonstrated to influence traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcome. The relationship between APOE genotype and memory following TBI was examined in 110 participants in the Defense and Veterans' Head Injury Program. Memory performance was worse in those who had an APOE epsilon 4 allele (n = 30) than those who did not (n = 80), whereas genotype groups did not differ on demographic or injury variables or on measures of executive functioning. These data support a specific role for the APOE protein in memory outcome following TBI, and suggest an APOE isoform-specific effect on neuronal repair processes.
Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Strong and Well-Defined Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions (2008)

In order to investigate the effects of strong and well-defined hydrogen bonding on the properties of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), we have applied two distinct and strongly dimerizing 2-ureido-4-[1H]-pyrimidinone (UPy) quadruple hydrogen-bonding units as physical cross-linker. While the UPy groups consequently serve as the “hard phase” or “hard block” in these TPEs, an amorphous polyester has been used as the “soft phase” or “soft block”. The UPy unit has been flanked with either a sterically demanding isophorone spacer or a linear hexamethylene, where these spacers have been derived from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) or hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), respectively. This difference on a molecular level leads to a homogeneous amorphous material in the IPDI case (polymer 1) and to a nanophase-separated material in the HDI case (polymer 2) as revealed by AFM and DSC experiments. Apart from this distinctive difference in morphology and nanoscopic organization, the macroscopic properties of both materials are also fundamentally different. In linear stress−strain and DMTA experiments, the homogeneous IPDI material 1 shows rubberlike behavior at room temperature, while the mechanical properties are strongly temperature dependent. The nanophase-separated HDI material 2 shows a combination of rubber and plastic behavior and displays a clear rubber plateau between 0 and 50 °C with little temperature dependence. The apparent activation energy of flow for the latter material, determined by multifrequency DMTA, is 135 kJ mol−1.
Purification and Properties of Dipeptidyl Transferase (Cathepsin C)<sup>*</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPurification and Properties of Dipeptidyl Transferase (Cathepsin C)*Robert M. Metrione, Armando G. Neves, and Joseph S. FrutonCite this: Biochemistry 1966, 5, 5, 1597–1604Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00869a021https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00869a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An integrated manufacturing data management system (2002)

A flexible data management system (FDMS) that supports the collection, management, and analysis of production data for a 3-1/2-in disk drive product is described. This system consists of several personal computers and Personal System 2 computers connected via a token ring network and can be extended to support any type of assembly manufacturing. FDMS supports the following: (1) collection of pass-fail and parametric data from workstations and testers throughout the manufacturing floor; (2) ability to query these data, based on the serialized component, record type, date/time, or combinations of these; (3) ability to display statistical process control (SPC) charts based on any of the parameters collected from the testers and or workstations in real time; (4) automatic rework calls and parts disposition provided via an expert system application; (5) a method for users to define new or change existing data record formats to the system that requires no code changes to any of the support programs; (6) support of high-volume production via a distributed database architecture; (7) support for a management aid engineering reporting system; and (8) software level control distribution of computer programs and process data such as microcode or machine instructions to any node on the network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Alternative Approaches for Cross-Language Text Retrieval (1997)

Introduction The explosive growth of the Internet and other sources of networked information have made automatic mediation of access to networked information sources an increasingly important problem. Much of this information is expressed as electronic text, and it is becoming practical to automatically convert some printed documents and recorded speech to electronic text as well. Thus, automated systems capable of detecting useful documents are finding widespread application. With even a small number of languages it can be inconvenient to issue the same query repeatedly in every language, so users who are able to read more than one language will likely prefer a multilingual text retrieval system over a collection of monolingual systems. And since reading ability in a language does not always imply fluent writing ability in that language, such users will likely find cross-language text retrieval particularly useful for languages in which they are less confident of their abilit
Flavour studies with fish meals and with fish oil fractions in broiler diets (1973)

Abstract Fish meals extracted with ethanol, benzene and/or warm water or acidified water were included in diets for broilers at 20 % levels, while in some instances certain amines, phospholipids from the fish oil extracted from fish meal (here called “residual” fish oil) and triglycerides from such fish oil were added to broiler diets singly or in different combinations. The experimental diets were given to broilertype chickens from their fifth week until they were slaughtered when 81/2 weeks old. Carcasses from the different treatment groups were subjected to organoleptic evaluation and the fatty acid make‐up of the fat in the carcasses and of the oils in the fish meals, determined by gas chromatography. Carcasses of chickens which received diets containing fish meal extracted with the fat solvents consistently had a chicken flavour. When the diets contained fish meal extracted with warm water or a warm, weak, acid solution the carcasses had a neutral flavour. Unextracted fish meal and the triglyceride fraction of fish oil (at a 2.0 % level) in the diet invariably produced carcasses with a “fishy” taint. The phospholipid fraction of “residual” fish oil had no effect on carcass flavour while additional amines (trimethylamine, ethanolamine and choline) in the diet in most instances aggravated the foreign taint. The high correlation between flavour score and the levels of certain highly unsaturated fatty acids in the chicken carcasses was confirmed.
Human Embryonic Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes and Cardiac Repair in Rodents (2008)

Cell transplantation may restore heart function in disease associated with loss or dysfunction of cardiomyocytes. Recently, Laflamme et al reported an improvement in cardiac function in immunodeficient rats 4 weeks after coronary artery ligation and injection of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs). We have recently carried out a comparable study transplanting hESC-CMs to the hearts of mice with myocardial infarction. Our findings were similar up to the 4-week time point, with significant improvements in cardiac function. However, our follow-up was longer, and, at 3 months, the difference between mice receiving cardiomyocytes and those receiving other cells was no longer significant. Hypothesizing that the improvement observed by Laflamme et al may have been more likely to be sustained long term because the grafts in their study appeared larger, we injected 3 times as many cells. Although this resulted in a significantly increased graft size, we again observed a functional improvement at 1 month but not at 3 months. Our results show that midterm data in these kinds of experiments must be interpreted with caution and longer-term follow-up is essential to draw conclusions on the efficacy of cardiac cell transplantation. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate the unlikely success of merely generating and injecting more cells of the same type to increase functional improvement.
A Randomized, Double‐blind Pacebo Controlled Trial of Wellmune WGP® for Immune Support During Cold Season (2008)

This 12‐week, dual‐center, parallel‐group RDBT tested the safety and efficacy of a beta‐glucan supplement Wellmune WGP® (WGP) in reducing the incidence, duration and severity of symptomatic respiratory illnesses (SRIs) in a healthy population during cold/flu season. The following data is from 1 of 2 sites. Study duration was 90 days and included evals by medical staff within 24 hours of cold onset. Of the 40 subjects enrolled at this site (18 to 65, at least 1 cold within the previous year), 33 were included in the intent‐to‐treat (ITT) and 27 in the per protocol (PP) populations. Although there were no differences in the incidence of SRI's, no subjects in the WGP group missed work or school due to colds while subjects with colds in the placebo group missed an average of 1.38 days; statistically significant via ITT and PP (0.00±0.00 vs 1.38±1.25; p=.026 and .042 respectively). The WGP group's Physical Component Summary score (SF‐36v2) improved significantly more than the placebo group after 90 days as compared to baseline per ITT (0.8±5.5 vs −1.9±2.8; p=0.042). The WGP group had a significantly lower average Fever score than the placebo group per PP (0.00±0.00 vs 3.50±3.42; p=0.042). Although there were no differences between the groups in the number of colds, WGP significantly reduced the days of missed school or work in a healthy population during cold season. There were no safety concerns. Funding source: Biothera, Inc.
Preparation of Copolymeric Gels Composed of Polydimethylsiloxane and Polyethylene Oxide Network Chains and Their Specific Characteristics (1998)

Abstract Copolymeric networks composed of two chemically different network chains, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyethylene oxide (PEO), are prepared by the two synthetic methods: (1) Vinyl-terminated PDMS and PEO are end-linked with the multi-functional silane compounds; (2) Vinyl-terminated PEO and silyl-terminated PDMS are end-linked with each other. The compositions in the resulting two-component networks are determined by two independent methods: 1H NMR analysis of the extracted unreacted materials and thermogravimetric analysis of the network samples. The appearances of the copolymeric networks are transparent. The differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis show that the copolymeric networks have the microphase separated structures composed of PDMS and PEO phases. Swelling experiments in various solvents clearly indicates the amphiphilic character of the copolymeric networks. The Li-doped copolymeric networks, which are obtained by immersing the gels in LiClO4, exhibit conductivity of the order of 10−6 S cm−1 at room temperature. The temperature dependence of the conductivity obeys the William–Ferry–Landel equation based on the free volume theory.
Molecular cloning, functional expression and chromosomal localization of an amiloride‐sensitive Na<sup>+</sup> channel from human small intestine (2000)

Amiloride-sensitive Na(+) channels belonging to the recently discovered NaC/DEG family of genes have been found in several human tissues including epithelia and central and peripheral neurons. We describe here the molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding a novel human amiloride-sensitive Na(+) channel subunit that is principally expressed in the small intestine and has been called hINaC (human intestine Na(+) channel). This protein is similar to the recently identified rodent channel BLINaC and is relatively close to the acid sensing ion channels (ASICs) (79 and 29% amino acid identity, respectively). ASICs are activated by extracellular protons and probably participate in sensory neurons to nociception linked to tissue acidosis. hINaC is not activated by lowering the external pH but gain-of-function mutations can be introduced and reveal when expressed in Xenopus oocytes, an important Na(+) channel activity which is blocked by amiloride (IC(50)=0.5 microM). These results suggest the existence of a still unknown physiological activator for hINaC (e.g. an extracellular ligand). The presence of this new amiloride-sensitive Na(+) channel in human small intestine probably has interesting physiological as well as physiopathological implications that remain to be clarified. The large activation of this channel by point mutations may be associated with a degenerin-like behavior as previously observed for channels expressed in nematode mechanosensitive neurons. The hINaC gene has been mapped on the 4q31.3-q32 region of the human genome.
History-taking in the elderly: obtaining useful information. (1991)

Although the medical history in the average adult can approach a diagnostic yield of 90%, its utility in geriatric patients is often much lower. Potential barriers to communication with the elderly include cognitive, behavioral, and physical problems. This article suggests techniques the primary care physician can use to overcome these obstacles and get the maximum diagnostic information from the patient history.
LFA-1–specific therapy prolongs allograft survival in rhesus macaques (2010)

Outcomes in transplantation have been limited by suboptimal long-term graft survival and toxicities associated with current immunosuppressive approaches. T cell costimulation blockade has shown promise as an alternative strategy to avoid the side effects of conventional immunosuppressive therapies, but targeting CD28-mediated costimulation alone has proven insufficient to prevent graft rejection in primates. Donor-specific memory T (TM) cells have been implicated in costimulation blockade-resistant transplant rejection, due to their enhanced effector function and decreased reliance on costimulatory signaling. Thus, we have tested a potential strategy to overcome TM cell-driven rejection by targeting molecules preferentially expressed on these cells, such as the adhesion molecule lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1). Here, we show that short-term treatment (i.e., induction therapy) with the LFA-1-specific antibody TS-1/22 in combination with either basiliximab (an IL-2Rα-specific mAb) and sirolimus (a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor) or belatacept (a high-affinity variant of the CD28 costimulation-blocker CTLA4Ig) prolonged islet allograft survival in nonhuman primates relative to control treatments. Moreover, TS-1/22 masked LFA-1 on TM cells in vivo and inhibited the generation of alloproliferative and cytokine-producing effector T cells that expressed high levels of LFA-1 in vitro. These results support the use of LFA-1-specific induction therapy to neutralize costimulation blockade-resistant populations of T cells and further evaluation of LFA-1-specific therapeutics for use in transplantation.