gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibody-Mimetic Peptoid Nanosheets for Molecular Recognition (2013)

The ability of antibodies to bind a wide variety of analytes with high specificity and high affinity make them ideal candidates as molecular recognition elements for chemical and biological sensors. However, their widespread use in sensing devices has been hampered by their poor stability and high production cost. Here we report the design and synthesis of a new class of antibody-mimetic materials based on functionalized peptoid nanosheets. A high density of conformationally constrained peptide and peptoid loops are displayed on the surface of free-floating nanosheets to generate an extended, multivalent two-dimensional material that is chemically and biologically stable. The nanosheet serves as a robust, high-surface area scaffold upon which to display a wide variety of functional loop sequences. The functionalized nanosheets were characterized by atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray reflectivity measurements, and were shown to serve as substrates for enzymes (protease and casein kinase II), as well as templates for the growth of defined inorganic materials (gold metal).
THE SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE VARIATION IS A SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF HYVOLEMIA IN VENTILATED DOGS SUBJECTED TO GRADED HEMORRHAGE (1986)

Department of Anesthesiology, Trauma Research Center, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, POB 12000, Jeruselem 91120, Israel
Aqueous and serum β<sub>2</sub>-microglobulin levels in patients with senile cataracts, and cataracts associated with uveitis or atopy (1995)

β(2)-Microglobulin (β(2) M) has been reported to be elevated in patients with a variety of neoplasms and inflammatory disorders, and is believed to be a sensitive although nonspecific marker for lymphocyte activation and/or proliferation. In order to investigate the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of various types of cataract, the authors measured β(2)M concentrations in the aqueous humor and serum of patients with senile cataracts (82 eyes), cataracts secondary to uveitis (16 eyes) and cataracts associated with atopic dermatitis (eight eyes). In addition, measurements were made in six patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and three patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) for comparison. The average aqueous β(2)M was increased in eyes with uveitic cataracts (678 μg/1) and RRD (533 μg/1), when compared to eyes with senile cataracts (265 μg/1), atopic cataracts (309 μg/1) and CRAO (122 μg/1). However, comparison of β(2)M to albumin aqueous-to-serum ratios (protein coefficient analysis) revealed that the aqueous β(2)M elevation was specific in only uveitic cataracts, with the elevation in RRD being most likely due to breakdown of the bloodocular barrier. Higher aqueous β(2)M concentrations were also found in cataracts with a posterior subcapsular cataract component, although this was related to a higher percentage of uveitic cataracts in this group. There was no statistically significant difference found in association with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension or heart disease. These results are discussed in the context of the pathogenesis of cataract and the role of β(2)M in inflammatory processes of the eye.
Recent advances in the characterization of unconventional reservoirs with wide-azimuth seismic data (2014)

Summary Wide-azimuth, long-offset seismic data allow estimating azimuthal anisotropy and direction resulting from the presence of natural fractures and anisotropic in-situ stress. This can be done by measuring how seismic velocities and amplitudes vary as a function of the offset and azimuth associated with the seismic reflection data. Rock intrinsic properties like anisotropy, azimuth of fast and slow directions, fracture density, and total porosity, as well as the in-situ principal stress components, can be inferred and used to help with well design, placement and completion strategies. Recent advances in seismic azimuthal analysis of media with orthotropic symmetry (an orthotropic medium has three orthogonal planes of mirror symmetry), and quantitative interpretation workflows, are illustrated using high-resolution prestack seismic inversion in an unconventional play in the Williston basin in North America. The algorithm, valid for orthotropic symmetry, was first tested on synthetic data, and then applied to real world wide-azimuth 3D data. Results indicate that amplitude versus azimuth (AVAz) analysis of wide-azimuth seismic measurements for orthotropic media, can be used to estimate anisotropy, principle directions, and to constrain the orientation and magnitude of the principal in-situ stresses. In addition, the middle Bakken member can be fully resolved seismically through the application of a suitable, high fidelity, inversion algorithm to the azimuthal seismic data. This allows characterization of the middle Bakken member in 3D in terms of thickness, porosity and fracture density, as well as elastic and rock strength parameters. With the implementation of a suitable rock physics model, the inversion results can be used to estimate high-resolution fracture density and total porosity 3D volumes, and the orientation and magnitude of the principal components of the in-situ stress tensor.
High Frequency Link Isolated Multi-Port Converter for Active Cell Balancing Applications (2019)

This paper proposes an isolated multi-port converter based on high-frequency AC link to combine the multiple modular cell-level active balancing converters into a multi-port converter. The topology uses integrated magnetics and just one central secondary bridge, which reduces significantly the number of switching devices and passive components required for the implementation of the battery management system. Additional advantages include use of the same ground reference for all the cells, eliminating the need for isolated communications between active balancing converters. Steady-state analysis for the topology is given. A simple control scheme is proposed for the differential currents required for active cell balancing. Closed-loop simulation results are provided for a three-cell system that validates the proposed control scheme for the topology. A 100 W 4-port prototype converter is developed and experimental results are given to prove the feasibility of the proposed high-frequency link coupled multi-port converter.
Augmented Feedback Presented in a Virtual Environment Accelerates Learning of a Difficult Motor Task (1997)

One can use a number of techniques (e.g., from videotaping to computer enhancement of the environment) to augment the feedback that a subject usually receives during training on a motor task. Although some forms of augmented feedback have been shown to enhance performance on isolated isometric tasks during training, when the feedback has been removed subjects have sometimes not been able to perform as well in the "real-world" task as controls. Indeed, for realistic, nonisometric motor tasks, improved skill acquisition because of augmented feedback has not been demonstrated. In the present experiments, subjects (Experiment 1, N = 42; Experiment 2, N = 21) performed with a system that was designed for teaching a difficult multijoint movement in a table tennis environment. The system was a fairly realistic computer animation of the environment and included paddles for the teacher and subject, as well as a virtual ball. Each subject attempted to learn a difficult shot by matching the pattern of movements of the expert teacher. Augmented feedback focused the attention of the subject on a minimum set of movement details that were most relevant to the task; feedback was presented in a form that required the least perceptual processing. Effectiveness of training was determined by measuring their performance in the real task. Subjects who received the virtual environment training performed significantly better than subjects who received a comparable amount of real-task practice or coaching. Kinematic analysis indicated that practice with the expert's trajectory served as a basis for performance on the real-world task and that the movements executed after training were subject-specific modifications of the expert's trajectory. Practice with this trajectory alone was not sufficient for transfer to the real task, however: When a critical component of the virtual environment was removed, subjects showed no transfer to the real task.
Development and Optimization of Three-Dimensional Spatial EPR Imaging for Biological Organs and Tissues (1995)

The development and optimization procedures for obtaining high-quality three-dimensional spatial electron-paramagnetic-resonance images of large lossy samples at L band are described. Strategies for selecting optimized parameters for projection acquisition, instrumentation, and algorithms for correcting drifts in microwave frequency and inaccuracies in the static and gradient magnetic fields are described. Image reconstruction was performed using a two-stage filtered back-projection method with spectral deconvolution. With this instrumentation, correction algorithms, and image reconstruction method, spatially accurate 3D images of radical distribution were observed in complex phantoms using 0.5 mM nitroxide labels. The results indicate that high-quality images of lossy samples, including biological organs and tissues of up to 25 mm in size, could be obtained in a reasonable time with submillimeter resolution.
Mixed-valence biferrocenes: pronounced anion dependence of valence detrapping and effects of an asymmetric crystal lattice (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMixed-valence biferrocenes: pronounced anion dependence of valence detrapping and effects of an asymmetric crystal latticeRobert J. Webb, Steven J. Geib, Donna L. Staley, Arnold L. Rheingold, and David N. HendricksonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 13, 5031–5042Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00169a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00169a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Nucleotide sequence of the <i>pyr D</i> gene of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and characterization of the flavoprotein dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (1985)

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.3.1) was purified to near electrophoretic homogeneity from the membranes of a strain of Escherichia coli carrying the pyrD gene on a multicopy plasmid. The preparation had a specific activity of 120 mumol min-1 mg-1 and contained flavin mononucleotide (FMN) in amounts stoichiometric to the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase subunit (Mr = 37000). The flavin group was reduced when dihydroorotate was added in the absence of electron acceptors. The complete sequence of 1357 base pairs of an EcoRI-EcoRI DNA fragment containing the pyrD gene was established. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is encoded by a 336-triplets open reading frame. The molecular mass (Mr = 36732), the amino acid composition and the N-terminal sequence of the predicted polypeptide agree well with the data obtained by analysis of the purified protein. A region of the amino acid sequence (residues 292-303, i.e. Ile-Ile-Gly-Val-Gly-Gly-Ile-Asp-Ser-Val-Ile-Ala) shows distinct homology to the cofactor binding site of other flavoproteins. No hydrophobic regions large enough to span the cytoplasmic membrane were observed. By the S1-nuclease technique an mRNA start was mapped 34 +/- 2 nucleotide residues upstream of the beginning of the coding frame of pyrD. The leader region contains no similarity to the attenuators of the pyrB and pyrE genes of E. coli.
Poster: 3D referencing for remote task assistance in augmented reality (2013)

We present a 3D referencing technique tailored for remote maintenance tasks in augmented reality. The goal is to improve the accuracy and efficiency with which a remote expert can point out a real physical object at a local site to a technician at that site. In a typical referencing task, the remote expert instructs the local technician to navigate to a location from which a target object can be viewed, and then to attend to that object. The expert and technician both wear head-tracked, stereo, see-through, head-worn displays, and the expert's hands are tracked by a set of depth cameras. The remote expert first selects one of a set of prerecorded viewpoints of the local site, and a representation of that viewpoint is presented to the technician to help them navigate to the correct position and orientation. The expert then uses hand gestures to indicate the target.
<title>New method for determining lateral diffusion error in color measurements</title> (1996)

A paper presented by the NPIRI Color Measurement Task Force at the 1993 annual TAGA meeting reports that colorimetric measurements made with spectrophotometers manufactured by the same company and with the same geometry can differ by 0.7 to 1 .7 CLab iXE and that values from instruments madeby different manufacturers with the same geometry can differ by 1 .5 to 3 .0 AE'. For the mostpart, we can attribute these measured differences to the instruments since the ink onpaper samples used in this study were prepared using methods which insured minimum differences in the colorimetric and physical characteristics ofthe samples. The causes of these instrument-to-instrument measurement differences can be segregated into two general categories: errors from physical stmcture and adjustment ofthe instrument (e. g. wavelength errors) and errors from interaction ofthe instrument with the samples2. During the past fiveyears, the author has written several papers on one ofthe instrument-sample error mechanisms3'4'5'6. This mechanism was termed translucent blurring error in an investigation that was done by Hsia at NIST (ne NBS)7 and edge loss error in early plastics measurement investigations done by Atkins and Billmeyer8. The author coined the term lateral diffusion error (LDE) about three years ago because he felt that it better described the mechanism of this error: the lateral diffusion of light in the sample to areas not viewed by the instrument detection optics.
Biological Age Predictors (2017)

The search for reliable indicators of biological age, rather than chronological age, has been ongoing for over three decades, and until recently, largely without success. Advances in the fields of molecular biology have increased the variety of potential candidate biomarkers that may be considered as biological age predictors. In this review, we summarize current state-of-the-art findings considering six potential types of biological age predictors: epigenetic clocks, telomere length, transcriptomic predictors, proteomic predictors, metabolomics-based predictors, and composite biomarker predictors. Promising developments consider multiple combinations of these various types of predictors, which may shed light on the aging process and provide further understanding of what contributes to healthy aging. Thus far, the most promising, new biological age predictor is the epigenetic clock; however its true value as a biomarker of aging requires longitudinal confirmation.
CSNIPPEX: automated synthesis of compilable code snippets from Q&A sites (2016)

Popular Q&A sites like StackOverflow have collected numerous code snippets. However, many of them do not have complete type information, making them uncompilable and inapplicable to various software engineering tasks. This paper analyzes this problem, and proposes a technique CSNIPPEX to automatically convert code snippets into compilable Java source code files by resolving external dependencies, generating import declarations, and fixing syntactic errors. We implemented CSNIPPEX as a plug-in for Eclipse and evaluated it with 242,175 StackOverflow posts that contain code snippets. CSNIPPEX successfully synthesized compilable Java files for 40,410 of them. It was also able to effectively recover import declarations for each post with a precision of 91.04% in a couple of seconds.
Chromatography on Water−Ice (1997)

Ice contains a thin film of water on its surface, the thickness ranging from nanometer to micrometer levels, depending on the bulk temperature and the composition of the solution used in making the ice. It follows that water held on the surface of an ice particle should endow a column packed with microparticulate ice the properties of a chromatographic column containing a pellicular packing. We demonstrate here the normal phase separation of two dyes on a column packed with millimeter-size ice particles, held at -18 °C.
TLR agonists induce the differentiation of human bone marrow CD34<sup>+</sup> progenitors into CD11c<sup>+</sup> CD80/86<sup>+</sup> DC capable of inducing a Th1‐type response (2007)

We recently reported that human bone marrow hematopoietic CD34(+) progenitors express functional Toll-like receptors (TLR) and can differentiate into myeloid cells just by stimulation with resiquimod (R848), a specific agonist for TLR7/8. However, the mechanisms by which R848 induces cell differentiation, the effects of other TLR agonists and the functionality of the differentiated cells are not known. Comparable to R848, loxoribine (a TLR7 agonist) and Pam(3)CSK(4) (a TLR2 agonist) induced cytokine production and cell differentiation along the myeloid lineage. R848 and loxoribine were more effective than Pam(3)CSK(4) at inducing the lineage-negative (CD11c(+) CD14(-)) dendritic cells (DC), whereas Pam(3)CSK(4) was more effective at inducing CD11c(+) CD14(+) monocytes. Both cell subsets expressed CD80/CD86 and HLA-DR molecules; however, they showed differential expression of CD1a, CD1b, CD1c, CD11b, CD206 and CD207 markers when compared with each other. Cell differentiation into DC was significantly inhibited by an anti-TNF-alpha nonoclonal antibody. The CD11c(+) CD14(-) subset was isolated and shown to be more potent in stimulating an alloreaction than the CD11c(+) CD14(+) subset. Collectively, these data highlight the differential effects of TLR agonists on human bone marow CD34(+) progenitor cells and provide a new opportunity for generating functional DC that would be useful in cancer vaccination.
Efficient Reversible Montgomery Multiplier and Its Application to Hardware Cryptography (2009)

Problem Statement: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) of a crypto-processor and microchips leak information through power consumption. Although the cryptographic protocols are secured against mathematical attacks, the attackers can break the encryption by measuring the energy consumption. Approach: To thwart attacks, this study proposed the use of reversible logic for designing the ALU of a crypto-processor. Ideally, reversible circuits do not dissipate any energy. If reversible circuits are used, then the attacker would not be able to analyze the power consumption. In order to design the reversible ALU of a crypto-processor, reversible Carry Save Adder (CSA) using Modified TSG (MTSG) gates and architecture of Montgomery multiplier were proposed. For reversible implementation of Montgomery multiplier, efficient reversible multiplexers and sequential circuits such as reversible registers and shift registers were presented. Results: This study showed that modified designs perform better than the existing ones in terms of number of gates, number of garbage outputs and quantum cost. Lower bounds of the proposed designs were established by providing relevant theorems and lemmas. Conclusion: The application of reversible circuit is suitable to the field of hardware cryptography.
Replication and Transcription of the Rotavirus Genome (2004)

Rotaviruses are an important cause of human morbidity and mortality, representing the primary pathogens responsible for acute dehydrating diarrhea in children under the age of 3. The infectious rotavirus particle is made up of three concentric layers of protein, and contains a genome consisting of eleven segments of double-stranded (ds)RNA. Upon infection, RNA polymerases associated with double-layered virus particles are activated, resulting in genome transcription and extrusion of the eleven viral mRNAs from such particles. The mRNAs not only direct protein synthesis, but also serve as templates for minus-strand synthesis to yield dsRNAs. Synthesis of the dsRNAs is an event that occurs following the gene-specific packaging of viral mRNAs into core-like assembly intermediates. Electron-dense cytoplasmic inclusions, termed viroplasms, function as sites of genome packaging and replication in the infected cell. Our understanding of key events in the viral life cycle has been advanced considerably by the development of cell-free systems that support mRNA synthesis from virion-derived double-layered particles and dsRNA synthesis from virion-derived core particles. The recent expression and purification of rotavirus recombinant proteins have also allowed progress to be made in defining the roles of viral proteins in genome replication and viroplasm formation. However, our efforts towards a full description of the viral life cycle, most notably an understanding of the events occurring during gene-specific packaging, remain hampered by the lack of a cell-free packaging system and a reverse genetics systems. The lack of a reverse genetics systems also confounds efforts towards the generation of molecular engineered second-generation vaccines.
A STUDY OF NEGATIVE CATALYSIS IN THE OXIDATION OF BENZALDEHYDE (1926)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA STUDY OF NEGATIVE CATALYSIS IN THE OXIDATION OF BENZALDEHYDEOrland M. ReiffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1926, 48, 11, 2893–2899Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1926Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1926https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01690a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01690a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts