gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coded Decision-Directed Channel Estimation for Coherent Detection in Terrestrial DMB Receivers (2007)

This paper proposes a coded decision-directed (DD) channel-estimation method with two-dimensional averaging for T-DMB receivers. Since the noncoherent differential demodulation of existing T-DMB receivers can not track channel variation, it may not work well in fast-fading channels. To overcome this problem, coherent detection based on channel estimation is introduced. The proposed method re- modulates the output of the soft-decision Viterbi decoder for coded DD channel estimation to obtain more accurate decision symbols than hard-decision symbols. To both mitigate the effects of noise and smooth incorrectly-estimated coefficients, the estimated channel coefficients are two- dimensionally averaged. The enhanced accuracy leads to the high-performance DQPSK demodulation robust to Doppler spread and noise. The proposed method may also contribute to the launch of the future T-DMB service of providing a higher data rate. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs much better than the conventional method, especially at high speed-moving receivers.
Dangerous Goods Emergency Response—The Western Australian Experience (1991)

A general overview of the State of Western Australia including: the legal framework of the Dangerous Goods and Emergency response management scenarios; particular problems unique to the Western Australian environment; what has been done to overcome those problems.
Ranging through Gabor logons-a consistent, hierarchical approach (1993)

In this work, the correspondence problem in stereo vision is handled by matching two sets of dense feature vectors. Inspired by biological evidence, these feature vectors are generated by a correlation between a bank of Gabor sensors and the intensity image. The sensors consist of two-dimensional Gabor filters at various scales (spatial frequencies) and orientations, which bear close resemblance to the receptive field profiles of simple V1 cells in visual cortex. A hierarchical, stochastic relaxation method is then used to obtain the dense stereo disparities. Unlike traditional hierarchical methods for stereo, feature based hierarchical processing yields consistent disparities. To avoid false matchings due to static occlusion, a dual matching, based on the imaging geometry, is used.
Design and evaluation of Mina: A robotic orthosis for paraplegics (2011)

Mobility options for persons suffering from paraplegia or paraparesis are limited to mainly wheeled devices. There are significant health, psychological, and social consequences related to being confined to a wheelchair. We present the Mina, a robotic orthosis for assisting mobility, which offers a legged mobility option for these persons. Mina is an overground robotic device that is worn on the back and around the legs to provide mobility assistance for people suffering from paraplegia or paraparesis. Mina uses compliant actuation to power the hip and knee joints. For paralyzed users, balance is provided with the assistance of forearm crutches. This paper presents the evaluation of Mina with two paraplegics (SCI ASIA-A). We confirmed that with a few hours of training and practice, Mina is currently able to provide paraplegics walking mobility at speeds of up to 0.20 m/s. We further confirmed that using Mina is not physically taxing and requires little cognitive effort, allowing the user to converse and maintain eye contact while walking.
Ultra-wide-bandwidth oscilloscope architectures and circuits (2014)

Users of test equipment such as oscilloscopes expect performance and accuracy beyond the level of their device under test in order to insure measurement results correspond to the DUT, not to limitations of the test equipment. This drives the use of bipolar circuitry at the front-end of high-bandwidth oscilloscopes, even if targeted at testing devices in a marketplace dominated by CMOS. Several circuit schematics in 130nm and 90 nm SiGe BiCMOS are presented to demonstrate how bipolar transistors are typically employed to provide broadband DC-coupled amplifiers, samplers, and oscilloscope triggers in the 30 to 70 GHz range. The performance metrics of these circuits depend on many parameters of the underlying process beyond Ft and Fmax, and the design effort and simulation accuracy on many effects beyond the core bipolar device model. Examples drawn from the schematics will illustrate many other facets of optimizing a fabrication process for such uses.
Optical Fibre Communication Systems (1980)

Presents contributions by a group of specialists working as a team, covering most aspects of fibre optic communication since its inception. Numerical examples help the reader perform calculations associated with fibre optics experiments. Examples show how a representative optical communication system is designed. Material covers theory, technology, design and practical applications.
Simulation of anisotropic wet-chemical etching using a physical model (1999)

We present a method to describe the orientation dependence of the etch rate of silicon, or any other single crystalline material, in anisotropic etching solutions by analytical functions. The parameters in these functions have a simple physical meaning. Crystals have a small number of atomically smooth faces, which etch (and grow) slowly as a consequence of the removal (or addition) of atoms by rows and layers. However, smooth faces have a roughening transition (well known in statistical physics); at increasing temperature they become rougher, and accordingly the etch and growth rates increase. Consequently, the basic physical parameters of our functions are the roughness of the smooth faces and the velocity of steps on these faces. This small set of parameters describes the etch rate in the two-dimensional space of orientations (on the unit sphere). We have applied our method to the practical case of etch rate functions for silicon crystals in KOH solutions. The maximum deviation between experimental data and simulation using only nine physically meaningful parameters is less than 5% of the maximum etch rate. This method, which in this study is used to describe anisotropic etching of silicon, can easily be adjusted to describe the growth or etching process of any crystal.
Sentimentos e estratégias de enfrentamento em mulheres vítimas de violência sexual (2018)

O estudo objetivou analisar sentimentos e estrategias de enfrentamento em mulheres vitimas de violencia sexual. Pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada em um Centro de Referencia, em Teresina- PI, atraves de um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada onde participaram vinte mulheres. Os resultados foram discutidos atraves da analise de conteudo e emergiram tres categorias: sentimentos das mulheres vitimas de violencia sexual; estrategias de coping adotadas por vitimas de violencia sexual; e, apoio dos familiares e profissionais de saude a vitimas de violencia sexual. O adoecimento da mulher vitima de violencia sexual e representado pelos sentimentos de ansiedade, tristeza, estresse e medo. As estrategias de enfrentamento foram: apego a religiosidade e busca por suporte psicologico. As mulheres tiveram o suporte da familia, bem como dos profissionais de saude, porem com algumas limitacoes. Faz-se necessario a implementacao de acoes voltadas para prevencao da violencia contra a mulher.
A Phase II Trial of Etoposide, Leucovorin and 5-Fluorouracil (ELF) in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer (1996)

Etoposide, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (ELF) chemotherapy has been reported to be less toxic yet effective (response rates of 50%) in patients with advanced gastric cancer. A phase II study of ELF in 25 patients (11 males, 14 females, median age 53 years) with advanced adenocarcinoma of the stomach is reported. Patients received outpatient intravenous etoposide 120mg/m2 over 2 hours, folinic acid 300 mg/m2 over 2 hours, 5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2 boluses daily for 3 days every 21 days. Of 17 measurable patients, there was one complete response (CR), 4 partial responses (PR) for a total response rate of 29.4%. Non-hematologic toxicity was modest (grade 0 vomiting 11/21, stomatitis 16/21, diarrhea 17/21). Grade 3/4 neutropenia was seen in 14/23, thrombocytopenia in 2/23, anemia in 5/23 patients. Median progression-free and overall survival was 4.1 and 7.1 months, respectively. In conclusion, ELF chemotherapy shows only modest activity in patients with advanced gastric cancer and is associated with severe hematologic toxicity.
Article (2002)

A new method was used to determine the amount of -lactose monohydrate present in spray-dried milk products. During the manufacture of spray-dried milk products, the lactose may crystallize (a process during which the -lactose picks up a molecule of water), while the hygroscopicity and caking properties decrease. In order to determine the degree of crystallization of -lactose monohydrate, the water bound to the crystals (water of crystallization or hydrate water) is calculated as the difference between total moisture and free moisture or non-hydrate water. The free moisture content is determined in a drying oven at 87 or 105 o C at constant weight. The total moisture is determined by a new method using a vacuum-drying desiccator with dried zeolite powder as a function of temperature, vacuum and time. This new method is then compared to the Karl Fisher method. Results on the percentage of -lactose monohydrate are also presented for various milk, whey and lactose powders with degrees of crystallinity of -lactose monohydrate ranging from 0 to 100%. Combining the method for total moisture content using a vacuum-drying oven, and the method for free moisture content makes it easy to determine the amount of -lactose monohydrate in spray-dried dairy products.
Genetic transformation of apple (Malus x domestica) without use of a selectable marker gene (2010)

Selectable marker genes are widely used for the efficient transformation of crop plants. In most cases, antibiotic or herbicide resistance marker genes are preferred because they tend to be most efficient. Due mainly to consumer and grower concerns, considerable effort is being put into developing strategies (site-specific recombination, homologous recombination, transposition, and cotransformation) to eliminate the marker gene from the nuclear or chloroplast genome after selection. For the commercialization of genetically transformed plants, use of a completely marker-free technology would be desirable, since there would be no involvement of antibiotic resistance genes or other marker genes with negative connotations for the public. With this goal in mind, a technique for apple transformation was developed without use of any selectable marker. Transformation of the apple genotype “M.26” with the constructs pPin2Att35SGUSintron and pPin2MpNPR1 was achieved. In different experiments, 22.0–25.4% of regenerants showed integration of the gene of interest. Southern analysis in some transformed lines confirmed the integration of one copy of the gene. Some of these transformed lines have been propagated and used to determine the uniformity of transformed tissues in the plantlets. The majority of the lines are uniformly transformed plants, although some lines are chimeric, as also occurs with the conventional transformation procedure using a selectable marker gene. A second genotype of apple, “Galaxy,” was also transformed with the same constructs, with a transformation efficiency of 13%.
ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA FROM SEEDS OF<i>NICOTIANA TABACUM</i>CAN REDUCE CADMIUM PHYTOTOXICITY (2008)

Although endophytic bacteria seem to have a close association with their host plant, little is known about the influence of seed endophytic bacteria on initial plant development and on their interactions with plants under conditions of metal toxicity. In order to further elucidate this close relationship, we isolated endophytic bacteria from surface sterilized Nicotiana tabacum seeds that were collected from plants cultivated on a cadmium-(Cd) and zinc-enriched soil. Many of the isolated strains showed Cd tolerance. Sterilely grown tobacco plants were inoculated with either the endogenous microbial consortium, composed of cultivable and noncultivable strains; single strains; or defined consortia of the most representative cultivable strains. Subsequently, the effects of inoculation of endophytic bacteria on plant development and on metal and nutrient uptake were explored under conditions with and without exposure to Cd. In general, seed endophytes were found to have a positive effect on plant growth, as was illustrated by an increase in biomass production under conditions without Cd. In several cases, inoculation with endophytes resulted in improved biomass production under conditions of Cd stress, as well as in a higher plant Cd concentration and total plant Cd content compared to noninoculated plants. These results demonstrate the beneficial effects of seed endophytes on metal toxicity and accumulation, and suggest practical applications using inoculated seeds as a vector for plant beneficial bacteria.
Morphotropic Phase Boundary Slope of (K,Na,Li)NbO<sub>3</sub>–BaZrO<sub>3</sub>Binary System Adjusted Using Third Component (Bi,Na)TiO<sub>3</sub>Additive (2013)

In the binary composition-temperature phase diagram, the slope of the phase boundary is related to the temperature stability of the phases and/or properties. The slope of the tetragonal–rhombohedral morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in the BaZrO 3 –(K,Na,Li)NbO 3 (BZ–KNLN) binary system has been adjusted using the third component (Bi,Na)TiO 3 (BNT). Piezoceramics were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction method, and their crystal structures as well as their MPB were determined from X-ray diffraction patterns measured from room temperature to 300 °C. With increasing BNT content, the slope of the MPB changed from negative to positive. An MPB with temperature-independent behavior, the so called vertical MPB, was successfully discovered in this lead-free piezoceramic system. The MPB composition was determined to be 0.075BZ–0.915KNLN–0.01BNT and the Curie temperature was found to be about 270 °C. The results obtained in this work could be used to develop high-performance lead-free piezoceramics compatible with lead-based ones. Furthermore, this is the first time a vertical MPB has been artificially formed by adjusting the MPB slope. The research method presented in this work has important practical implications as well as scientific interest for searching for vertical MPBs in lead-free piezoceramic systems.
Thalamic deep brain stimulation for disabling tremor after excision of a midbrain cavernous angioma (2003)

Thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of parkinsonian or essential tremor. To date, however, few data exist to support the application of this method to treat midbrain tremor. A 24-year-old right-handed man underwent radiosurgery and subsequent resection of a recurrently hemorrhaging cavernous angioma located in the left side of the midbrain. The surgery exacerbated severe choreoathetotic resting and action tremors of his right extremities and trunk. The patient underwent placement of a deep brain stimulator into the left ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (Vim). Postoperatively, decreased truncal ataxia and right-sided choreoathetotic tremor were demonstrated, with a 57% increase in dexterity as measured by task testing. The authors demonstrate that DBS can be an effective treatment modality for disabling tremor after resection of a midbrain cavernous angioma.
New Products from Alkali Fusion of Ginkgolides A and B (2000)

Alkali fusion of ginkgolides A and B has afforded five unexpected products 3-7. Their structures were established from their spectral data and chemical reactions. They were evaluated for their in vitro activity to inhibit the platelet-activating factor-induced aggregation of rabbit platelets and show less potency than ginkgolides A and B.
Proliferation and cytokine production of lymphocytes from Clonorchis sinensis-infected rats in response to stimulators in vitro. (2002)

Concentrations of 5 x 10(6) lymphocytes/well and 10 micrograms/ml stimulator were selected as the optimal culture condition for activation of lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. Since the production of Th1-type cytokine IFN-gamma and Th2-type cytokine IL-10 was much enhanced from MLNC of C. sinensis-infected rats, it is considered that C. sinensis ES Ag may stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production in C. sinensis-infected rats in vivo.
Festigkeit und Hafteigenschaften von polymermodifiziertem Gipsstein (1999)

The strength, elongation at fracture and bonding power of hardened products consisting of inorganic binders are important porperties for their use in the construction industry. A means of specifically influencing these properties in the case of hardened gypsum plasma is the addition of polymers. The action of various polymers with regard to hardening behaviour, mechanical properties and bonding were investigated. To this end, different proportions of selected polymers were added to the gypsum binder suspension before the production of normal test specimens. The bonding strength was determined by means of pull-out tests with embedded wood chips. It was shown that the influence of synthetic resins on the hydration of the gypsum binder can already give an indication of the strength development of the hardened gypsum plaster. In particular, synthetic resin disperations or redispersion powders containing polyvinyl acetate con increase the strength of hardened gypsum plaster. Synthetic-resin-modified hardened gypsum plaster exhibits markedly better bonding. At higher synthetic resin/gypsum binder ratios, good bonding strength was achieved even to difficult bonding partners.
An Automatic Kurtosis-Based P- and S-Phase Picker Designed for Local Seismic Networks (2013)

International audience
Cobalt‐Mediated [2 + 2 + 2]‐Cycloadditions: A Maturing Synthetic Strategy [New Synthetic Methods (43)] (1984)

Abstract Dicarbonyl (η 5 ‐cyclopentadienyl)cobalt functions as a matrix on which a variety of unsaturated organic substrates undergo mutual bond formation. In this way α,ω‐diynes cocyclize with monoalkynes to give annelated benzenes, while o ‐diethynylbenzenes furnish biphenylenes, and α,ω‐enynes lead to the formation of complexed bi‐and tricyclic dienes. Nitriles cocyclize with two alkynyl groups to give pyridines and other heterocycles, isocyanates allow access to annelated 2‐pyridones, and incorporation of carbon monoxide provides complexed cyclopentadienones. In many cases remarkable chemo‐, regio‐, and stereoselectivity are observed, partially facilitated by use of the trimethylsilyl substituent as a controlling group. The scope and level of maturity of the method are demonstrated by the synthesis of a series of hitherto inaccessible, novel, and theoretically interesting molecules, and by its utilization in several unique approaches to a variety of natural products, e.g. protoberberines, steroids, vitamin B 6 , and camptothecin.
Predictors of Bone Mineral Density in African-American and Caucasian College Aged Women (2015)

It is imperative for both African-American and Caucasian women to engage in osteoporosis-preventive behaviors.
265 nm Light Emitting Diodes on AlN Single Crystal Substrates: Growth and Characterization (2011)

High crystalline quality AlN and pseudomorphic AlGaN films were deposited by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on single crystal AlN substrates for the fabrication of a 265 nm light emitting diode with estimated IQE above 40%.
Nilotinib: A New Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (2008)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder arising from a single genetic mutation that leads to an increase in immature myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the blood. Typically, CML represents 15-20% of all adult leukemias, with 4830 new cases expected in 2008. The cytogenetic hallmark of CML is the Philadelphia chromosome, which is the result of the reciprocal translocation and conjugation of the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene, BCR, on chromosome 22 and the Abelson (ABL) kinase gene, ABL, on chromosome 9. Current treatment is aimed at inhibiting BCR and ABL kinase with novel agents, the first being imatinib in 2003, and more recently dasatinib in 2006. Nilotinib is a new small-molecule inhibitor of tyrosine kinase rationally developed from the crystalline structure of the imatinib-ABL complex. It represents an aminopyrimidine derivative of imatinib with approximately 30 times more potency in vitro against imatinib-sensitive BCR-ABL-expressing cell lines and activity against 32 of 33 point mutations conferring resistance to imatinib. Data from phase I and II studies show that nilotinib has activity against all phases of CML in patients who are intolerant or have failed therapy with imatinib or dasatinib. Nilotinib represents a new therapeutic option for patients with CML who are intolerant or have failed therapy with imatinib. Ongoing clinical trials are assessing nilotinib's role in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed CML and its long-term efficacy and safety.
Evidence for the essential role of Helicobacter pylori in gastric ulcer disease. (1994)

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) eradication heals chronic active type B gastritis and dramatically changes the natural history of duodenal ulcer disease. There are few data concerning the role of anti-H pylori treatment in gastric ulcer disease. A total of 83 patients presenting with H pylori positive active gastric ulcer disease were treated with omeprazole and antibiotics (amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, roxithromycin) in seven different clinical protocols, each of which included the attempt to eradicate H pylori infection and to evaluate the post-therapeutic course of ulcer disease. The overall proportion of H pylori eradication was 67.9% (53 of 78 patients available for follow up). Best results were obtained with two week treatment regimens comprising omeprazole 20 mg twice daily and amoxicillin 500 mg four times a day or 1000 mg twice daily (eradication > 80%). Eradication of H pylori speeds up ulcer healing, with a six week healing rate of 84.9% compared with 60% in patients with persistent H pylori infection (p = 0.0148). In a subgroup of 11 patients with refractory ulcers, H pylori eradication (n = 10) was associated with ulcer healing on continued acid suppression in nine cases. One male patient with chronic antral ulcer did not respond to treatment within the next six months (H pylori and ulcer persistence), and in one female patient a resistant body ulcer was identified as gastric lymphoma. Fifty patients with healed ulcers were followed up for one year. Patients with (n = 32) and without (n = 18) bacterial eradication had similar demographic and clinical characteristics. H pylori eradication was associated with a statistically significant reduction of ulcer recurrences (3.1 v 55.6%, p<0.001). This study concludes that H pylori eradication considerably changes the natural history of H pylori associated gastric ulcer disease. In addition, H pylori eradication speeds up ulcers healing and is associated with healing of previously refractory ulcers. Thus, treatment aimed at bacterial eradication should be considered in all patients with gastric ulcers severe enough to contemplate further treatment options.