gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Loop scheduling with complete memory latency hiding on multi-core architecture (2006)

The widening gap between processor and memory performance is the main bottleneck for modern computer systems to achieve high processor utilization. In this paper, we propose a new loop scheduling with memory management technique, iterational retiming with partitioning (IRP), that can completely hide memory latencies for applications with multi-dimensional loops on architectures like CELL processor (J.A. Kahle et al., 2005). In IRP, the iteration space is first partitioned carefully. Then a two-part schedule, consisting of processor and memory parts, is produced such that the execution time of the memory part never exceeds the execution time of the processor part. These two parts are executed simultaneously and complete memory latency hiding is reached. Experiments on DSP benchmarks show that IRP consistently produces optimal solutions as well as significant improvement over previous techniques.
Active-smoothing in digital ink environments (2007)

We present the "experience" of active-smoothing while writing with a digital pen on a transducer device in this demonstration. Users can expect to see their handwritings "smoothed" while their pens are still in motion, even before lifting them off the screen. We show how this technique of active-smoothing is applicable, especially in eLearning support-applications, and how its effects are on par with other passive-smoothing techniques.
Uniformly coated highly porous graphene/MnO<sub>2</sub>foams for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors (2018)

Supercapacitors are called to play a prominent role in the newly emerging markets of electric vehicles, flexible displays and sensors, and wearable electronics. In order to compete with current battery technology, supercapacitors have to be designed with highly conductive current collectors exhibiting high surface area per unit volume and uniformly coated with pseudocapacitive materials, which is crucial to boost the energy density while maintaining a high power density. Here, we present a versatile technique to prepare thickness-controlled thin-film micro graphene foams (μGFs) with pores in the lower micrometer range grown by chemical vapor deposition which can be used as highly conductive current collectors in flexible supercapacitors. To fabricate the μGF, we use porous metallic catalytic substrates consisting of nickel/copper alloy synthesized on nickel foil by electrodeposition in an electrolytic solution. Changing the duration of the electrodeposition allows the control of the thickness of the metal foam, and thus of the μGF, ranging from a few micrometers to the millimeter scale. The resulting μGF with a thickness and pores in the micrometer regime exhibits high structural quality which leads to a very low intrinsic resistance of the devices. Transferred onto flexible substrates, we demonstrate a uniform coating of the μGFs with manganese oxide, a pseudocapacitively active material. Considering the porous structure and the thickness of the μGFs, square wave potential pulses are used to ensure uniform coverage by the oxide material boosting the volumetric and areal capacitance to 14 F cm<sup>-3</sup> and 0.16 F cm<sup>-2</sup>. The μGF with a thickness and pores in the micrometer regime in combination with a coating technique tuned to the porosity of the μGF is of great relevance for the development of supercapacitors based on state-of-the-art graphene foams.
UV Laser Photolysis of Disiloxanes for Chemical Vapor Deposition of Nano-Textured Silicones (2001)

Gas-phase photolysis of methyldisiloxanes [(CH3)nH3-nSi]2O (n = 1−3) has been achieved for the first time through absorption of ArF laser radiation at 193 nm and has been shown to yield C1−C2 hydrocarbons (major volatile products), methylsilanes (minor volatile products), and solid methylsilicones with their H(Si) content and Si/O ratio reflecting those of the parent compounds. The identified volatile and solid products are compatible with a number of reactions occurring within less than 1 ms in a narrow region of the gaseous sample maintained at room temperature. These reactions are discussed. The solid deposited materials were characterized by FTIR, NMR, UV, and XP spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetry. They were revealed to contain all possible SiCxHyOz (x + y + z = 4) compositions, to possess nanometer-sized texture, and to be thermally more stable than linear poly(dialkylsiloxanes).
Three‐dimensional spectral precision distance microscopy of chromatin nanostructures after triple‐colour DNA labelling: a study of the <i>BCR</i> region on chromosome 22 and the Philadelphia chromosome (2000)

Topological analysis of the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin nanostructure and its function in intact cell nuclei implies the use of high resolution far field light microscopy, e.g. confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). However, experimental evidence indicates that, in practice, under biologically relevant conditions, the spatial resolution of CLSM is limited to about 300 nm in the lateral direction and about 700 nm in the axial direction. To overcome this shortcoming, the use of a recently developed light microscopical approach, spectral precision distance microscopy (SPDM) is established. This approach is based on the precise localization of small labelling sites of a given target in spectrally differential images. By means of quantitative image analysis, the bary centres (intensity weighted centroid analogous to the centre of mass) of these independently registered labelling sites can be used as point markers for distance and angle measurements after appropriate calibration of optical aberrations (here, polychromatic shifts). In combination with specific labelling of very small chromatin target sites with dyes of different spectral signatures by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), SPDM presently allows us to analyse the nuclear topology in three-dimensionally conserved nuclei with a 'resolution equivalent', many times smaller than the conventional optical resolution. Chronic myelogeneous leukaemia (CML) is genetically characterized by the fusion of parts of the BCR and ABL genes on chromosomes 22 and 9, respectively. In most cases, the fusion leads to a translocation t(9; 22) producing the Philadelphia chromosome. SPDM was applied to analyse the 3D chromatin structure of the BCR region on the intact chromosome 22 and the BCR-ABL fusion gene on the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) by using a new triple-colour FISH protocol: two different DNA probes were used to detect the BCR region and the third DNA probe was used to identify the location of the ABL gene. Consistent 3D distance measurements down to values considerably smaller than 100 nm were performed. The angle distributions between the three labelled sites on the Philadelphia chromosome territory were compared to two state-of-the-art computer models of nuclear chromatin structure. Significant differences between measured and simulated angle distributions were obtained, indicating a complex and non-random angle distribution.
Experimental demonstration of all-optical regeneration using an MMI-SOA (2002)

A novel all-optical 2R regenerator based on a multimode interference coupler (MMI) semiconductor optical amplifier is presented. Static measurements of the transfer function reveal a digital transfer characteristic and a high increase in extinction ratio. The experiments are in good agreement with simulations, which have been done using a modified beam propagation method program. The device has a high tolerance to the MMI length. It has been fabricated in an all-active layout, avoiding the need for active/passive integration and is very compact.
Maximum-Likelihood Detection for Energy-Efficient Timing Acquisition in NB-IoT (2016)

Initial timing acquisition in narrow-band IoT (NB-IoT) devices is done by detecting a periodically transmitted known sequence. The detection has to be done at lowest possible latency, because the RF-transceiver, which dominates downlink power consumption of an NB-IoT modem, has to be turned on throughout this time. Auto-correlation detectors show low computational complexity from a signal processing point of view at the price of a higher detection latency. In contrast a maximum likelihood cross-correlation detector achieves low latency at a higher complexity as shown in this paper. We present a hardware implementation of the maximum likelihood cross-correlation detection. The detector achieves an average detection latency which is a factor of two below that of an auto-correlation method and is able to reduce the required energy per timing acquisition by up to 34%.
Fast and Efficient Cross Band Channel Prediction Using Machine Learning (2019)

Channel information plays an important role in modern wireless communication systems. Systems that use different frequency bands for uplink and downlink communication often need feedback between devices to exchange band specific channel information. The current state-of-the-art approach proposes a way to predict the channel in the downlink based on that of the observed uplink by identifying variables underlying the uplink channel. In this paper we present a solution that greatly reduces the complexity of this task, and is even applicable for single antenna devices. Our approach uses a neural network trained on a standard channel model to generate coarse estimates for the variables underlying the channel. We then use a simple and efficient single antenna optimization framework to get more accurate variable estimates, which can be used for downlink channel prediction. We implement our approach on software defined radios and compare it to the state-of-the-art through experiments and simulations. Results show that our approach reduces the time complexity by at least an order of magnitude (10x), while maintaining similar prediction quality.
Reduction of the Work Function of Gold by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (2017)

N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) bind strongly to gold and other metals. This work experimentally probes the effect of NHCs on the work function (WF) of gold for the first time, theoretically analyzes the origin of this effect, and examines the effectiveness of NHC-modified gold as an electron-injecting electrode. UV photoelectron spectroscopy shows the WF of planar gold is reduced by nearly 2 eV to values of 3.3–3.5 eV. This effect is seen for NHCs with various heterocyclic cores, and with either small or large N,N′-substituents. DFT calculations indicate the WF reduction results from both the interface dipole formed between the NHC and the gold and from the NHC molecular dipole. For N,N′-diisopropyl-NHCs, an important contributor to the former is charge transfer associated with coordination of the carbene carbon atom to gold. In contrast, the carbene carbon of N,N′-2,6-diisopropylphenyl-NHCs is not covalently bound to gold, resulting in a lower interface dipole; however, a larger molecular dipole partially compensates for this. Single-layer C60 diodes with NHC-modified gold as the bottom electrode demonstrate high rectification ratios and show that these electrodes can act as effective electron-injecting contacts, suggesting they may be useful for a variety of materials applications.
Regulation of Erythrocyte Cation and Water Content in Sickle Cell Anemia (1986)

The pathophysiological events in sickle cell disease are critically dependent on the intracellular concentration of hemoglobin S, which varies inversely with cell cation and water content. Erythrocytes of SS homozygotes exposed to oxygen or carbon monoxide decrease their potassium and water content through a pathway for potassium transport that is activated by both cell swelling and decrease in internal pH. This pathway is not inhibited by ouabain either with or without bumetanide. When SS erythrocytes were separated according to density, the pH- and volume-dependent potassium transport was greatest in the least dense fraction and was reduced in the densest cells. This pathway, which does not depend on polymerization of sickle hemoglobin, may be important in regulating the cation and water content of SS erythrocytes.
Quality Control in Pediatrics (1981)

The origin, growth, and development of the American Board of Pediatrics throughout 45 years is traced. The principles that have guided and the problems overcome in the establishment of an acceptable mechanism for primary certification are discussed. Relevance to the process of developing a mechanism for recertification is suggested.
Basics of cellular logic with some applications in medical image processing (1979)

Cellular logic operations (CLO's) are performed digitally to transform an array of data P(I,J) into a new data array P'(I,J). The value of each element in the new array is determined by its value in the original array and the orginal values of its nearest neighbors. The neighborhood configuration (tessellation) is usually called the "cell"; whence the term "cellular logic." CLO's may be categorized acording to the tessellation in which they are embedded and according to the type or types of CLO sequences: sequences which are carried out in a single step; those which iterate the same CLO for many steps; those which repetitively alternate subsequences of CLO strings. The effect of the CLO sequence on the contents of the data array is frequently one of boundary modification. Depending on the CLO sequence(s) utilized, a boundary may be expanded to form the convex hull, or reduced so as to form the convex kernel, skeleton, or residue. As of 1977, cellular logic computers have become a commercial product in biomedical image processing where they are used in clinical instruments whose purpose is to classify white blood cell images at rates of several thousand per hour. Many other applications are foreseen and, as further examples, preliminary results in automatic X-ray image analysis and tissue image analysis are presented.
Abstract 12575: High Dietary Phosphorus Intake is Associated with All-Cause Mortality: Results from NHANES III (2013)

Alex Chang, 2013 Finalist and Presenting Author
Large-Scale Duplicate Detection for Web Image Search (2006)

Finding visually identical images in large image collections is important for many applications such as intelligence propriety protection and search result presentation. Several algorithms have been reported in the literature, but they are not suitable for large image collections. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed to handle the situation, in which each image is compactly represented by a hash code. To detect duplicate images, only the hash codes are required. In addition, a very efficient search method is implemented to quickly group images with similar hash codes for fast detection. The experiments show that our algorithm can be both efficient and effective for duplicate detection in Web image search
A programmable memory controller for the DDRx interfacing standards (2013)

Modern memory controllers employ sophisticated address mapping, command scheduling, and power management optimizations to alleviate the adverse effects of DRAM timing and resource constraints on system performance. A promising way of improving the versatility and efficiency of these controllers is to make them programmable—a proven technique that has seen wide use in other control tasks, ranging from DMA scheduling to NAND Flash and directory control. Unfortunately, the stringent latency and throughput requirements of modern DDRx devices have rendered such programmability largely impractical, confining DDRx controllers to fixed-function hardware. This article presents the instruction set architecture (ISA) and hardware implementation of PARDIS, a programmable memory controller that can meet the performance requirements of a high-speed DDRx interface. The proposed controller is evaluated by mapping previously proposed DRAM scheduling, address mapping, refresh scheduling, and power management algorithms onto PARDIS. Simulation results show that the average performance of PARDIS comes within 8% of fixed-function hardware for each of these techniques; moreover, by enabling application-specific optimizations, PARDIS improves system performance by 6 to 17% and reduces DRAM energy by 9 to 22% over four existing memory controllers.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Spectral Properties of 7‐(N‐Arylsulfonyl)aminocoumarins. A New Class of Fluorescent pH Indicators. (1986)

Abstract Aus dem Amino‐salicylaldehyd (I) erhält man mit den Hetarylessigsäureestern (II) die Amino‐cumarine (III), die in die Nitrile (IV) übergeführt werden.
3D Dense Face Alignment via Graph Convolution Networks (2019)

Recently, 3D face reconstruction and face alignment tasks are gradually combined into one task: 3D dense face alignment. Its goal is to reconstruct the 3D geometric structure of face with pose information. In this paper, we propose a graph convolution network to regress 3D face coordinates. Our method directly performs feature learning on the 3D face mesh, where the geometric structure and details are well preserved. Extensive experiments show that our approach gains superior performance over state-of-the-art methods on several challenging datasets.
Multicopy single‐stranded DNAs with mismatched base pairs are mutagenic in Escherichia coli (1994)

Retrons are genetic elements that encode multicopy single-stranded DNAs called msDNAs. They are clonally distributed in Escherichia coli and retrons in different clones produce DNAs with different nucleotide sequences. msDNAs consist of an RNA molecule covalently linked to a single-stranded DNA molecule. The latter contains an inverted repeat, resulting in a stem-loop structure. In two retrons, Ec83 and Ec78, the DNA is cleaved off from the RNA. All known retrons except Ec78, have one or more mismatched base pairs in the stem-loop structure. We found that two retrons, Ec86 and Ec83, when present in high copy numbers are mutagenic. The ratios of mutation frequencies observed in Lac- indicator strains were similar to the ratios observed for a mutant defective in mismatch repair. It is known that some proteins required for mismatch repair bind to mismatched base pairs prior to carrying out repair. The similarity in the mutation frequency ratios suggested that the mutagenesis caused by msDNAs of retrons Ec86 and Ec83 might be due to sequestration of a mismatch repair protein by msDNA. Strong support for this interpretation was obtained from the finding that the msDNA produced by retron Ec78 is not mutagenic.
Schooling a European Identity: ethno‐cultural exclusion and nationalist resonance within the EU policy of “The European dimension of education” (1998)

Abstract This article aims to explore how the role of education as an aide in the process of "European" identity formation is being articulated in the European Union's (EU) policy of "The European dimension of education". After having located the EU's views on education in the context of the neo‐liberal discourse on economic globalization, the article goes on to trace EU discussions of the European dimension of education historically. Subsequently, it deliberates on the understanding of European culture and identity which the European dimension of education endeavours to advance. Here a critique is developed of the policy's ethno‐culturalism, thereby excluding delineation of a collective identity in the EU. Basing itself on a notion of cultural identity which, implicitly, includes only those who fit certain versions of European historical "roots" and cultural "heritage", the policy, it is argued, impedes a discussion of how a trans‐ethnic identity formation could be created in today's EU. Towards the end of the article, a scrutiny of the European dimension's perception of the so‐called "language diversity" in the EU seeks to illustrate this issue further.
Relevance of multidrug resistance in the age of targeted therapy. (2009)

Targeted drugs inhibit specific pathways that contribute to the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. The initial success of molecularly targeted therapies raised hope that newly developed agents would evade the general mechanisms of resistance that have reduced the efficacy of traditional anticancer drugs. In recent years, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters related to multidrug resistance (MDR), such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp; ABCB1/MDR1) and ABCG2 (breast cancer resistance protein/mitoxantrone resistance protein) have emerged as key factors that regulate the intracellular concentrations of many small-molecule therapeutic inhibitors. Drug transporters may be overexpressed in cancer cells, reducing intracellular drug concentrations, and may allow the evolution of point mutations that confer stronger drug resistance. It is proposed that P-gp, a universally accepted biomarker of drug resistance, should also be considered as a molecular target in multidrug-resistant cancer. By exploiting the paradoxical hypersensitivity of multidrug-resistant cells, MDR1-inverse compounds can selectively eliminate cancer cells that overexpress P-gp. Successful targeting of multidrug-resistant cells would reduce the tumor burden and would also enable the elimination of ABC transporter-overexpressing cancer stem cells that are responsible for the replenishment of tumors.
On Farm Agronomic and First Environmental Evaluation of Oil Crops for Sustainable Bioenergy Chains (2009)

Energy crops, and in particular oil crops, could be an important occasion for developing new non food production rows for a new multi-functional agriculture in Italy. In this view, the use of local biomass is a fundamental starting point for the development of a virtuous energy chain that should pursue not only agricultural profitability, but also chain sustainability and that is less dependent on the global market, characterized by instability in terms of biomass availability and price. From this perspective, particular attention must be paid to crop choice on the basis of its rusticity and of its adaptability to local growing conditions and to low input cropping systems. In this context, alike woody and herbaceous biomasses, oil crops such as sunflower and rapeseed should be able to support local agricultural bioenergy chain in Italy. In addition, in a local bioenergy chain, the role of the farmers should not be limited just to grain production; but also grain processing should be performed at farm or consortium level in oilseed extraction plants well proportioned to the cropped surface. In this way, by means of a simple power generator, farmer could thus produce its own thermal and electric energy from the oil, maximizing his profit. This objective could also be achieved through the exploitation of the total biomass, including crop residues and defatted seed meals, that may be considered as fundamental additional economic and/or environmental benefits of the chain. This paper reports some results of three-years on-farm experiments on oil crop chain carried out in the framework of “Bioenergie” project, that was focused to enhance farmers awareness of these criteria and to the feasibility at open field scale of low-input cultivation of rapeseed, sunflower and Brassica carinata in seven Italian regions. In several on-farm experiences, these crops produced more than 800 kg ha-1 of oil with good energy properties. Defatted seed meals could be interesting as organic fertilizers and, in the case of B. carinata, as a biofumigant amendment that could offer a total or partial alternative to some chemicals in agriculture. Furthermore, biomass soil incorporation could contribute to C sequestration, catching CO2 from atmosphere and sinking a part in soil as stable humus. Finally, four different open field experiences carried out again in the second year of the project, have been analysed in order to evaluate their energy and greenhouse gasses balance after cultivation phase.