gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ILoViT: Indoor Localization via Vibration Tracking (2018)

Indoor localization remains an open problem in geolocation research, and once this is solved the localization enables counting and tracking of building occupants. This information is vital in an emergency, enables occupancy-optimized heating or cooling, and assists smart buildings in tailoring services for occupants. Unfortunately, two prevalent technologies---GPS and cellular-based positioning---perform poorly indoors due to attenuation and multipath from the building. To address this issue, the research community devised many alternatives for indoor localization (e.g., beacons, RFID tags, Wi-Fi fingerprinting, and UWB to cite just a few examples). A drawback with most is the requirement for those being located to carry a properly-configured device at all times. An alternative based on computer vision techniques poses significant privacy concerns due to cameras recording building occupants. By contrast, ILoViT research makes novel use of accelerometers already present in some buildings. These sensors were originally intended to monitor structural health or to study structural dynamics. The key idea is that when a person's footstep-generated floor vibrations can be detected and located then it becomes possible to locate persons moving within a building. Vibration propagation in buildings has complexities not encountered by acoustic or radio wave propagation in air; thus, conventional localization algorithms are inadequate. ILoVIT algorithms account for these conditions and have been demonstrated in a public building to provide sub-meter accuracy. Localization provides the foundation for counting and tracking, but providing these additional capabilities confronts new challenges. In particular, how does one determine the correct association of footsteps to the person making them? The ILoViT research created two methods for solving the data association problem. One method only provides occupancy counting but has modest, polynomial time complexity. The other method draws inspiration from prior work in the radar community on the multi-target tracking problem, specifically drawing from the multiple hypothesis tracking strategy. This dissertation research makes new enhancements to this tracking strategy to account for human gait and characteristics of footstep-derived multilateration. The Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's College of Engineering recognized this dissertation research with the Paul E. Torgersen Graduate Student Research Excellence Award.
Optimal Resource Allocation in Overlay Multicast (2006)

Although initially proposed as the deployable alternative to IP multicast, the overlay network actually revolutionizes the way network applications can be built. In this paper, we study the rate allocation problem in overlay-based multirate multicast, which can be understood as a utility-based resource allocation problem. Each receiver is associated with a utility defined as a function of its streaming rate. Our goal is to maximize the aggregate utility of all receivers, subject to network capacity constraint and data constraint. The latter constraint is unique in overlay multicast, mainly due to the dual role of end hosts as both receivers and senders. We use a price-based approach to address this problem. Two types of prices, network price and data price, are generated with regard to the two constraints of the problem. A distributed algorithm is proposed, where each receiver adjusts its flow rate according to the associated network price and data price. The algorithm is proved to converge to the optimal point, where the aggregate utility of all receivers is maximized. We implement our algorithm using an end-host-based protocol. Our protocol purely relies on the coordination of end hosts to accomplish tasks originally assigned to network routers, which makes it directly deployable to the existing network infrastructure.
Human vascular endothelial growth factor B: Characterization of recombinant isoforms and generation of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (2002)

1. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family is a focus of interest with respect to novel therapies for cardiovascular disease. Members of this family bind differentially to three receptor tyrosine kinases, namely VEGF-R1, -R2 and -R3, and to the semaphorin receptors neuropilin 1 and 2. The role of VEGF-R1 and the factors that interact exclusively with this receptor (VEGF-B and placenta growth factor) has remained controversial. 2. To further elucidate the role of VEGF-B in blood vessel formation and function, we have expressed, purified and refolded both naturally occurring VEGF-B isoforms and a truncated amino acid 10-108 form. All refolded proteins have been demonstrated to bind to VEGF-R1 with appropriate kinetics in biosensor-based analysis. 3. Robust cell assays for VEGF-R1 ligands, such as VEGF-B, have been problematic. We have developed an assay based on a chimeric receptor consisting of extracellular domains 1-4 of VEGF-R1 and the transmembrane and intracellular domains of gp130. The cell line expresses luciferase to high levels 24 h after exposure to VEGF-A and both refolded VEGF-B167 and the short 10-108 isoform have been demonstrated to be active in this assay. 4. The novel cell-based assay, in combination with a variety of immunochemical approaches, has been used to identify and characterize monoclonal antibodies that neutralize VEGF-B activity.
Cost-aware scheduling for heterogeneous enterprise machines (CASH&#x2019;EM) (2007)

Data centers contain heterogeneous sets of machines. Some machines are faster and some - often the same ones - consume more energy and cost more to operate. The data center coordinator must decide how to allocate these machines to multiple applications of potentially many customers, each of which has different requirements. Given a stream of customer requests for machines, how does the data center provider decide which machines to give to whom and when? We propose new algorithms for a cost-aware provider to maximize its profit as it makes admission and scheduling decisions for the customer requests. We show that it matters which machines are assigned to each customer, especially when the data center is undersaturated. (Most data centers are.) Our new algorithms do best when they try to anticipate the ldquoriskinessrdquo of their decisions, that is, the likelihood that even higher-value requests will arrive later. We also show that turning unused machines off, rather than leaving them idle, even using simple heuristics like ldquoturn off a machine as soon as it becomes idle,rdquo can save a lot of money. Finally, we show that having heterogeneity in the data center is, in fact, beneficial. We demonstrate that the same set of customers can be satisfied at a lower cost and a higher profit in a heterogeneous data center rather than in a data center comprised solely of the newest, fastest, machines.
Studies on the actin-binding protein HS1 in platelets (2007)

This study concludes that HS1 does not play a major role in platelet function. It is possible that a role for HS1 is masked by the presence of cortactin.
Harvesting Image Databases from the Web (2010)

The objective of this work is to automatically generate a large number of images for a specified object class. A multimodal approach employing both text, metadata, and visual features is used to gather many high-quality images from the Web. Candidate images are obtained by a text-based Web search querying on the object identifier (e.g., the word penguin). The Webpages and the images they contain are downloaded. The task is then to remove irrelevant images and rerank the remainder. First, the images are reranked based on the text surrounding the image and metadata features. A number of methods are compared for this reranking. Second, the top-ranked images are used as (noisy) training data and an SVM visual classifier is learned to improve the ranking further. We investigate the sensitivity of the cross-validation procedure to this noisy training data. The principal novelty of the overall method is in combining text/metadata and visual features in order to achieve a completely automatic ranking of the images. Examples are given for a selection of animals, vehicles, and other classes, totaling 18 classes. The results are assessed by precision/recall curves on ground-truth annotated data and by comparison to previous approaches, including those of Berg and Forsyth and Fergus et al.
Relationship between interfacial adhesion and electromigration in Cu metallization (2003)

Electromigration in Cu conductors differs from that in Al alloys. In Cu, it is almost exclusively via interfacial or surface diffusion whereas for Al alloys, diffusion at the temperatures of interest is primarily through the grain boundaries. It has been argued interfaces are such rapid pathways because of the poor adhesion between Cu metal and the adjacent materials from which the interface is composed. Accordingly, this study focuses on relating the electromigration induced drift velocity and the adhesion to Cu of upper surface cap materials. In addition, traditional electromigration lifetime studies were performed to correlate the results of the drift velocity measurements to device reliability. The results indicate that the adhesion of the Cu/cap interface can be directly correlated to the electromigration lifetime of copper conductors.
Extensible MPEG-4 textual format (XMT) (2000)

This paper describes the Extensible MPEG-4 Textual format (XMT), a framework for representing MPEG-4 scene description using a textual syntax. The XMT allows the content authors to exchange their content with other authors, tools or service providers, and facilitates interoperability with both the X3D, developed by the Web3D consortium, and the Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) from the W3C consortium.
A Novel Energy Harvesting Scheme for Mixed FSO-RF Relaying Systems (2019)

In this correspondence paper, we consider the performance of a mixed free-space optical and radio frequency (FSO-RF) relaying system with energy harvesting in the existence of both atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors. More specially, we assume that the direct current component of the FSO signal, which is generally filtered out, can be used for energy harvesting at the relay. We derive the exact closed-form expression for the outage probability of this setup in terms of the bivariate Fox-H function. We also provide the asymptotic analysis to obtain the diversity order. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to verify the correctness of our analytical results.
Temperature Acceleration of Dielectric Charging in RF MEMS Capacitive Switches (2006)

Temperature acceleration of dielectric-charging effects in state-of-the-art RF MEMS capacitive switches was characterized and modeled. From the measured charging and discharging transient currents at different temperatures, densities and time constants of traps in the dielectric were extracted. It was found that, while charging and discharging time constants are relatively independent of temperature, steady-state charge densities increase with temperature. A charging model was constructed to predict the amount of charge injected into the dielectric and the corresponding shift in actuation voltage under different temperatures. Agreement was obtained between the model prediction and experimental data.
Zero capacitor embedded memory technology for system on chip (2005)

By harnessing the floating body (FB) effect of silicon on insulator devices, the authors introduced a true capacitor-less, single transistor DRAM - named Z-RAM <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">trade</sup> (zero capacitance DRAM) - which is capable of doubling memory density when compared to existing embedded DRAM technology (and achieving five times the density of current embedded SRAM), yet requires no exotic materials, no extra mask steps and no new physics. As no capacitor is required, the Z-RAM cell can readily be scaled as far as the transistor. The technology's bit-cell scalability was demonstrated at the 45nm node. It is easily envisaged that Z-RAM technology will scale well to at least the 22nm process node and ISi has already measured suitable characteristics in the FinFET transistors that may well be used at that time
Towards proactive human-robot interaction in human environments (2011)

This paper investigates proactive task-related Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) in human environments. The presented approach eventually aims for multi-modality by combining speech, gesture, and emotional facial mimicry. A first step is to focus on exploring the potentials and limitations of each modality in order to enable a robot to control a dialog in terms of proactive retrieval of missing task knowledge from humans in a natural and intuitive way. In this paper, each modality is investigated separately in the context of the IURO (Interactive Urban Robot) project, where a robot asks for its way to a predefined goal location.
High response speed microfluidic ice valves with enhanced thermal conductivity and a movable refrigeration source (2017)

Due to their ease of fabrication, facile use and low cost, ice valves have great potential for use in microfluidic platforms. For this to be possible, a rapid response speed is key and hence there is still much scope for improvement in current ice valve technology. Therefore, in this study, an ice valve with enhanced thermal conductivity and a movable refrigeration source has been developed. An embedded aluminium cylinder is used to dramatically enhance the heat conduction performance of the microfluidic platform and a movable thermoelectric unit eliminates the thermal inertia, resulting in a faster cooling process. The proposed ice valve achieves very short closing times (0.37 s at 10 μL/min) and also operates at high flow rates (1150 μL/min). Furthermore, the response time of the valve decreased by a factor of 8 when compared to current state of the art technology.
Fast Adaptive Nonlocal SAR Despeckling (2013)

Despeckling techniques based on the nonlocal approach provide an excellent performance, but exhibit also a remarkable complexity, unsuited to time-critical applications. In this letter, we propose a fast nonlocal despeckling filter. Starting from the recent SAR-BM3D algorithm, we propose to use a variable-size search area driven by the activity level of each patch, and a probabilistic early termination approach that exploits speckle statistics in order to speed up block matching. Finally, the use of look-up tables helps in further reducing the processing costs. The technique proposed conjugates excellent performance and low complexity, as demonstrated on both simulated and real-world SAR images and on a dedicated SAR despeckling benchmark.
Antinociceptive properties of propofol: involvement of spinal cord gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptors. (1997)

In this study, we investigated the interaction of propofol (a compound used widely as an intravenous anesthetic) with gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) and delta opioid receptors at the level of the spinal cord. Nociceptive thresholds were measured in rats through the use of electrical current testing (ECT) and tail-flick latency. Full recovery from sedation occurred 36.3 +/- 1.7 min (mean +/- S.E.M.; n = 20) after 40 mg/kg propofol i.p. Forty minutes after administration, there was residual antinociception when assessed by ECT but not when assessed by noxious heat. The ECT antinociceptive effects of propofol at tail but not neck sites were suppressed by intrathecal injection of the GABA(A) antagonists bicuculline and SR-95531 and the delta opioid antagonist naltrindole. These results suggest that there is an interaction between propofol and antagonists at receptors in the caudal segments of the spinal cord responsible for tail innervation. Antagonist dose-response curves were compared with those for suppression of intrathecal midazolam-induced antinociception. All intrathecal antagonists reversed the antinociceptive effect of propofol with the same dose-response curves as those previously obtained for suppression of the effect of intrathecal midazolam. We conclude that propofol, when given intraperitoneally, produces antinociception in rats through an interaction with spinal GABA(A) receptors. This combination leads to activation of a spinal cord system involving a delta opioid receptor; the same mechanisms involved with midazolam-induced spinal antinociception.
XRD Characterization of Phenol Liquefied Chinese Fir Residues (2011)

The amount of wood residue is used as a measurement of the extent of wood liquefaction. Characterization of the residue from wood liquefaction provides a new approach to understand some fundamental aspects of the liquefaction reaction. This paper adopts X-ray diffraction to characterize the changes of groups and mechanism of reaction of the residue crystallinity in the liquefaction process of Chinese Fir. The XRD analysis of liquefaction residue showed that amorphous region is firstly damaged so that the crystallinity could be in the trend of increasing in the liquefaction process of Chinese fir in most cases with the time’s prolonging. However, cellulose crystalline region begins to be destroyed under the higher liquefied temperature (170℃）or in the case of higher P/W (w/w) ratio (5), leading to the relative decreased trend of crystallinity. Key words: Chinese Fir; XRD; Liquefaction; Residue
Binding of some long-chain fatty acid anions and alcohols by bovine serum albumin (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinding of some long-chain fatty acid anions and alcohols by bovine serum albuminJacqueline A. Reynolds, Sarah. Herbert, and Jacinto. SteinhardtCite this: Biochemistry 1968, 7, 4, 1357–1361Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00844a016https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00844a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views292Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Emission Control Technologies for 50 and 125 cc Motorcycles in Taiwan (1998)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The EPA of the Republic of China (Taiwan) will implement new emission regulations for 50-150 cc 2-stroke and 4-stroke motorcycles starting 1998. The exhaust emissions of motorcycles must be lower than 3.5 g/km CO and 2.0 g/km HC+NOx during the ECE-R40 driving cycle test. The emission legislation has a requirement for a catalyst durability life of 15,000 km. To comply with current legislation, the majority of 4-stroke motorcycles currently manufactured in Taiwan are fitted with secondary air systems, while 2-stroke motorcycles are fitted with catalytic converters. With this added equipment, 2-stroke and 4-stroke motorcycles generally can just achieve the emission targets when the motorcycles are new. However, it is an issue whether the exhaust emissions of motorcycles can meet the emission legislation after 15,000 km, because of the mass-production variation. This work presents some potential emission control strategies. Moreover, a variety of ageing methods was used to evaluate Pt/Rh and Pd-only catalysts that were installed in a 50 cc 2-stroke motorcycle and a 125 cc 4-stroke motorcycle. Our results reveal that the position of the induction of the secondary air is very important to achieve the optimal flow rate of the secondary air for a 50 cc 2-stroke motorcycle. Further, the removal capability of the catalytic converters for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions can be significantly improved by introducing secondary air. However, this results in the fact that the peak temperatures of a 50 cc 2-stroke and a 125 cc 4-stroke motorcycles will reach 1050 and 920°C, respectively. In order to overcome the severe thermal deactivation, a good thermal resistant catalyst or dual catalyst system should be considered.</div>
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Tin(II) and Zinc(II) Derivatives of Cyclic α-Hydroxyketones, Including the Structures of Sn(maltol)<sub>2</sub>, Sn(tropolone)<sub>2</sub>, Zn(tropolone)<sub>2</sub>, and Zn(hinokitiol)<sub>2</sub> (2001)

Zinc(II) and tin(II) derivatives of maltol (Hmalt), ethylmaltol (HEtmalt), tropolone (Htrop), hinokitiol (Hhino), and kojic acid (Hkoj) have been prepared and characterized, and the crystal structures of M(trop)(2) (M = Zn, Sn), Zn(hino)(2).EtOH, and Sn(malt)(2) have been determined. The Zn(trop)(2) is a polymeric structure in which tropolone has both a bridging and chelating role; zinc(hino)(2) crystallizes as an ethanol adduct of which the structure is a dimeric fragment of the Zn(trop)(2) polymer and in which each metal is "capped" by a molecule of alcohol. The tin complexes are notably air-stable despite adopting monomeric pseudo-trigonal-bipyramidal structures (SnO(4)E; E is a stereochemically active lone electron pair) in which the ligands only chelate a single metal center.
Cooperative binding and self-assembling behavior of cationic low molecular-weight dendrons with RNA molecules (2006)

Tri(ethylene glycol) derived, low molecular-weight dendrons with various amine end groups were synthesized and characterized for their properties of binding and self-assembling with RNA using the Candida ribozyme as a model RNA molecule. These dendritic compounds form stable complexes and well-defined nanoscale particles with RNA molecules via electrostatic interactions and self-assembly process, while leaving the other terminal of the tri(ethylene glycol) chain accessible for targeting. This suggests that dendrimers of this type hold great promise for specific RNA targeting and RNA delivery.
Real time discrete cosine transform an original architecture (2005)

This paper presents an original hardware architecture for a two-dimensional real time Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) processor for television signals. The work has been focused on low power consumption, low cost and minimum size because of the necessity (at least for the expander) to insert the equipment in the subscriber's home. The basic element of the transformer consists of a single chip 2D-DCT processor working on (8 × 8) blocks of 8 bits with an objective cycle time of 100 ns. The highly pipelined structure of the processor is optimized for the Fast Discrete Cosine Transform (FDCT) algorithm proposed by W.H. Chen and al [1]. In order to satisfy speed and resolution constraints for real time compression of television signals, four of these basic DCT processors need to work in parallel, controlled by two Direct Memory Access Controllers (DMAC). This architecture compares favourably with other works published in the literature [2] [3].