gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digestibility, Absorptivity and Physiological Effects of Cellooligosaccharides in Human and Rat. (1996)

バィオリアクターを用いて, セルロースからセロビオースを主成分とするセロオリゴ糖を生産し, その消化吸収性および生体に及ぼす影響についてラットおよびヒトで検討した。その結果は以下のとおりである。1) セロオリゴ糖は唾液アミラーゼ, 胃液, 膵臓アミラーゼによりまったく加水分解されなかった。しかし, ラット小腸粘膜酵素により部分的に加水分解され, グルコースの生成が認められた。2) ラットではセロオリゴ糖負荷により血糖値の緩徐な上昇がみられたが, ヒトにおいては血糖値の上昇は認められなかった。一方, インスリンの追加分泌はラット, ヒトとも認められなかった。3) ラットにおいて, セロオリゴ糖を単回投与しても糞便中への排泄は認められなかった。4) ラットを高ショ糖食あるいはセロオリゴ糖添加高ショ糖食で4週間飼育したところ, セロオリゴ糖添加高ショ糖食群では, 高ショ糖食で飼育した対照群に比べ体脂肪率, 血清フルクトサミン, 総コレステロールおよび中性脂肪濃度が, 低値を示した。また, セロオリゴ糖添加高ショ糖食は血清総タンパク質, アルブミン, ALP, カルシウム濃度に影響を及ぼさなかった。以上の結果から, セロビオースを主成分とするセロオリゴ糖は難消化性の糖類であり, 糖代謝に影響を及ぼし, 糖尿病や肥満予防に役立つ可能性が示唆された。
Validation of a model of colon cancer progression (2000)

A unique feature of SW480 and SW620 colon carcinoma cell lines is that they are derived from primary and secondary tumours resected from a single patient. As such, they may represent a valuable resource for examining genetic changes late in colon cancer progression. In order to verify this, both cell lines have been characterized to determine whether phenotypic differences have been retained despite long-term cell culture in vitro. The primary tumour-derived SW480 cells have an epithelioid morphology in vitro, while metastasis-derived SW620 cells have a fibroblast-like appearance. Xenografts of SW480 cells form gland-like structures in vivo, while SW620 xenografts form solid sheets of tumour cells. SW620 cells have a higher BrdU labelling index than SW480 cells, and are more highly tumourigenic and metastatic. Furthermore, SW620 cells show less susceptibility to apoptosis induction by TNFalpha and anti-Fas monoclonal. Findings from these investigations therefore indicate that SW480 and SW620 cell lines do show appropriate phenotypic differences and represent an interesting model for studying the genetic events in the late stages of colon cancer progression.
Optoelectronic systems based on InGaAs–complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor smart-pixel arrays and free-space optical interconnects (1998)

Free-space optical interconnects have been identified as a potentially important technology for future massively parallel-computing systems. The development of optoelectronic smart pixels based on InGaAs/AlGaAs multiple-quantum-well modulators and detectors flip-chip solder-bump bonded onto complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits and the design and construction of an experimental processor in which the devices are linked by free-space optical interconnects are described. For demonstrating the capabilities of the technology, a parallel data-sorting system has been identified as an effective demonstrator. By use of Batcher's bitonic sorting algorithm and exploitation of a perfect-shuffle optical interconnection, the system has the potential to perform a full sort on 1024, 16-bit words in less than 16 mus. We describe the design, testing, and characterization of the smart-pixel devices and free-space optical components. InGaAs-CMOS smart-pixel, chip-to-chip communication has been demonstrated at 50 Mbits/s. It is shown that the initial system specifications can be met by the component technologies.
An integral equation for electromagnetic scattering from homogeneous dielectric bodies (1984)

A single surface integral equation for problems involving electromagnetic scattering from homogeneous dielectric bodies illuminated by time-harmonic sources is developed via the equivalence principle. The equation is formulated in terms of an equivalent electric current defined at the body surface. When allowed to radiate in a homogeneous medium having the material parameters of the exterior medium of the original problem, the electric current solution to the integral equation produces the correct scattered electric and magnetic fields external to the body.
Modelling and Parameters Identification of Through-Hole Type Wind Turbine Contactless Sliprings (2012)

This paper presents a modelling and parameter identification of through-hole type contactless slipring systems for transferring electrical power for wind turbine pitch control. An equivalent circuit model has been developed from the physical structure and dimensions of the contactless slipring using the duality rules, which is very different form traditional transformer. The circuit inductances are determined by the derived expressions from the system reluctances. In particular, the equivalent resistance representing the core loss of the slipring has been determined using phasor diagram of exciting current. FEM (Finite Element Method) models and practical prototypes are developed for testing and verifycations. Both simulation and experimental results have shown that the developed model gives truthful values for numerical calculations in order to obtain the equivalent electric circuit. The effect of fringing flux around the air gap on mutual inductance and the ways of correcting its effects are analysed. The obtained values have shown that the developed models and derived equations are with high accuracy as compared to the FEM simulation and experimental results.
Safer Lithium-Ion Batteries (2013)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTSafer Lithium-Ion BatteriesView Author Information C&EN ChicagoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2013, 91, 6, 33–37Publication Date (Print):February 11, 2013Publication History Published online31 March 2014Published inissue 11 February 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09106-scitech1https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09106-scitech1newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Batteries,Safety Get e-Alerts
Neoplastic blood cells become pluripotent (2009)

In this issue of Blood , Ye and colleagues show that CD34+ cells obtained from patients with JAK2-V617F MPDs could be reprogrammed to iPSCs and be differentiated back into hematopoietic progenitors.[1][1]

Myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) represent a group of clonal hematopoietic progenitor/stem
Use of Flow Cytometry To Monitor <i>Legionella</i> Viability (2008)

Legionella viability was monitored during heat shock treatment at 70 degrees C by a flow cytometric assay (FCA). After 30 min of treatment, for 6 of the 12 strains tested, the FCA still detected 10 to 25% of cells that were viable but nonculturable (VBNC). These VBNC cells were able to produce ATP and to be resuscitated after culture on amoebae.
Genetic Analyses of Male‐Fertility Restoration in Wheat: III. Effects of Aneuploidy (1991)

Effects of aneuploidy and modifier genes on the expression of male‐fertility restoring ( Rf ) genes were studied in five sets of monosomics from crosses involving male‐sterile ‘Chris’ monosomics and five R‐lines of wheat, Triticum aestivum L. Two lines were RflRfl , two were Rf4Rf4 , and one (the progenitor of the other four lines) was RflRfl Rf4Rf4 and had other unidentified Rf genes. Rf1 and Rf4 are located on Chromosomes 1A and 6B, respectively. The fertility of the F 1 monosomics within and between the five sets of crosses indicated that one RflRfl and one Rf4Rf4 line had additional recessive male‐fertility restoring genes. Also, the fertility was significantly enhanced in some of the F 1 monosomics of homoeologous Groups 1 and 7, greatly reduced in the F 1 monosomics of Groups 3 and 6, and substantially reduced in five other monosomics: 2A, 2B, 4B, 5B, and 5D. Thus, male fertility in this material is evidently conditioned by interactions among genes located on at least 17 chromosomes of wheat. The enhanced fertility of the F 1 monosomics of homoeologous Groups 1 and 7 is attributed to the action of homoeoalleles in those groups which function better in five doses than in the normal six.
The benefit of induction chemotherapy in patients age ≥ 75 years (2004)

Patients age > or = 75 years should not be excluded systematically from intensive chemotherapy regimens. Decisions should be based on stratification systems that include functional status and comorbidity assessments as well as prognostic factors, such as cytogenetics.
Induction of<i>C-FOS</i>Expression in Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Reporter Cells by Selective Activation of the Thrombin Receptor (1995)

The rat vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) line A10 (ATCC CRL 1476) was stably transfected with a human c-fos promoter-driven luciferase reporter gene to monitor thrombin receptor activation and subsequent induction of c-fos expression. Selective activation of the endogeneous thrombin receptor by the thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP1-6), SFLLRN, is shown here to result in a significant transient increase of intracellular [Ca2+], dose-dependent induction of c-fos promoter-mediated luciferase activity, and stimulation of DNA synthesis. These data demonstrate that A10 cells and reporter line derivatives thereof possess a functional thrombin receptor very similar or identical to that previously described. Results obtained with various signal transduction modulating or inhibiting agents support previous notions showing that thrombin receptor activation by SFLLRN is coupled to events involving p21ras activation, protein tyrosine kinase, and activation of PKC. The A10 reporter line described here proved to be a helpful and reliable tool to study alpha-thrombin and TRAP1-6-mediated intracellular events, since it retained most of the spectrum of biological responses found in primary VSMC cultures.
SIP proxy high-load detection by continuous analysis of response delay values (2011)

The 3GPP has chosen the Session Initiation Protocol as signalling protocol for the IP Multimedia Subsystem; therefore, it is expected that telecom operators will widely use it for their systems. SIP relies on an underlying transport protocol, like, e.g., TCP, UDP or SCTP. In the case of UDP, SIP has to ensure itself that messages will be reliably delivered. For this purpose, retransmission timers within the SIP transaction state machine are used. On the other hand, retransmissions can lead to congestion or even cause a congestion collapse if traffic load becomes too high, and services of the operator may become unavailable. It is therefore important to detect an imminent collapse and to act accordingly in order to keep the users' perceived quality high. We propose to continuously measure response delay values to detect high-load situations that can lead to a collapse in order to be able to reduce the traffic load early enough for avoiding congestion situations. We validate this approach by means of dedicated simulations.
Optimal heparin surface concentration and antithrombin binding capacity as evaluated with human non‐anticoagulated blood <i>in vitro</i> (2003)

Contact between blood and a biomaterial surface takes place in many applications and is known to activate the coagulation and complement systems. Heparin surface coatings have been shown to reduce blood activation upon contact with artificial surfaces. To establish the optimal heparin surface concentration, blood was incubated in a tubing loop model at 37 degrees C. The tubing was coated with different surface concentrations of heparin and rotated at three different velocities. We demonstrate that the blood compatibility of a surface with regard to coagulation, complement, and platelet activation can be improved by increasing the heparin surface concentration in the 6-12 pmol antithrombin/cm2 concentration interval. The binding of factor H is not influenced by the increased heparin surface concentration, suggesting that this factor is not the primary regulator of complement on heparin surfaces. In addition, the heparin coating has no effect on the complement activation that occurs on gas surfaces in extracorporeal circuits.
Refinement and coarsening indicators for adaptive parametrization: application to the estimation of hydraulic transmissivities (2002)

When estimating hydraulic transmissivity the question of parametrization is of great importance. The transmissivity is assumed to be a piecewise constant space-dependent function and the unknowns are both the transmissivity values and the zonation, the partition of the domain whose parts correspond to the zones where the transmissivity is constant. Refinement and coarsening indicators, which are easy to compute from the gradient of the least squares misfit function, are introduced to construct iteratively the zonation and to prevent overparametrization.
The Nickel Positive Electrode (1968)

The anodic oxidation of nickel hydroxide in pure lithium hydroxide electrolytes produces an n‐type semiconductor. The anodic oxidation involves lithium migration into the active material. The beta phase is characterized at room temperature by Seebeck coefficients near −100 µv/°K and electrical conductivities of 1 mho/cm. This is in contrast to the positive Seebeck coefficient for lithium nickelate.
Avalanche-safe LINQ compilation (2010)

We report on a query compilation technique that enables the construction of alternative efficient query providers for Microsoft's Language Integrated Query (LINQ) framework. LINQ programs are mapped into an intermediate algebraic form, suitable for execution on any SQL:1999-capable relational database system. This compilation technique leads to query providers that (1) faithfully preserve list order and nesting, both being core features of the LINQ data model, (2) support the complete family of LINQ's Standard Query Operators, (3) bring database support to LINQ to XML where the original provider performs in-memory query evaluation, and, most importantly, (4) emit SQL statement sequences whose size is only determined by the input query's result type (and thus independent of the database size). A sample query scenario uses this LINQ provider to marry database-resident TPC-H and XMark data---resulting in a unique query experience that exhibits quite promising performance characteristics, especially for large data instances.
Enantioselective DNA Alkylation by a Pyrrole−Imidazole <i>S</i>-CBI Conjugate (2004)

Conjugates 12S and 12R of N-methylpyrrole (Py)-N-methylimidazole (Im) seven-ringed hairpin polyamide with both enantiomers of 1,2,9,9a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[1,2-c]benz[1,2-e]indol-4-one (CBI) were synthesized, and their DNA alkylating activity was examined. High-resolution denaturing gel electrophoresis revealed that 12S selectively and efficiently alkylated at one match sequence, 5'-TGACCA-3', in 450-bp DNA fragments. The selectivity and efficiency of the DNA alkylation by 12S were higher than those of the corresponding cyclopropapyrroloindole (CPI) conjugate, 11. In sharp contrast, another enantiomer, 12R, showed very weak DNA alkylating activity. Product analysis of the synthetic decanucleotide confirmed that the alkylating activity of 12S was comparable with 11 and that 12S had a significantly higher reactivity than 12R. The enantioselective reactivity of 12S and 12R is assumed to be due to the location of the alkylating cyclopropane ring of the CBI unit in the minor groove of the DNA duplex. Since the CBI unit can be synthesized from commercially available 1,3-naphthalenediol, the present results open up the possibility of large-scale synthesis of alkylating Py-Im polyamides for facilitating their use in future animal studies.
Kinesis (2009)

Kinesis is a novel data placement model for distributed storage systems. It exemplifies three design principles: structure (division of servers into a few failure-isolated segments), freedom of choice (freedom to allocate the best servers to store and retrieve data based on current resource availability), and scattered distribution (independent, pseudo-random spread of replicas in the system). These design principles enable storage systems to achieve balanced utilization of storage and network resources in the presence of incremental system expansions, failures of single and shared components, and skewed distributions of data size and popularity. In turn, this ability leads to significantly reduced resource provisioning costs, good user-perceived response times, and fast, parallelized recovery from independent and correlated failures. This article validates Kinesis through theoretical analysis, simulations, and experiments on a prototype implementation. Evaluations driven by real-world traces show that Kinesis can significantly outperform the widely used Chain replica-placement strategy in terms of resource requirements, end-to-end delay, and failure recovery.
Aminoguanidine prevents age-related arterial stiffening and cardiac hypertrophy (1998)

Aging is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and arterial stiffening possibly associated with accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). We evaluated the effect of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of AGE production, on end-stage alterations of renal and cardiovascular systems. Normotensive WAG/Rij rats were treated from 24 to 30 mo with aminoguanidine and compared with a control group. Aminoguanidine did not modify body and kidney weights but prevented the age-related cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight: 1276 +/- 28 mg and 1896 +/- 87 mg in 24- and 30-mo-old control animals and 1267 +/- 60 mg in 30-mo-old treated rats, P < 0.01). The increase in mesangial surface in aging rats was reduced by 30% by aminoguanidine. Collagen content of the arterial wall increased between 24 and 30 mo whereas elastin content, media thickness, and smooth muscle cell number remained unchanged. Aminoguanidine did not affect these parameters; however, the age-related increase in aortic impedance (12.4 +/- 1.4 and 18.2 +/- 1.9 10(3).dyne.sec.cm-5 in control 24- and 30-mo-old rats, P < 0.01) and the decrease in carotid distensibility (0.79 +/- 0.11 and 0.34 +/- 0. 07 mm Hg-1 in control 24- and 30-mo-old rats, P < 0.01) were prevented by aminoguanidine. The prevention of arterial stiffening and cardiac hypertrophy in the absence of changes in collagen and elastin content suggests that the effect of aminoguanidine is related to a decrease in the AGE-induced cross-linking of the extracellular matrix.
Buy-back policy for supply chain coordination: a simple rule (2018)

In this paper, a simple and novel procedure is proposed to determine a set of buy-back prices and the wholesale costs to maximise the profit of a two-stage supply chain consisting of one supplier and one retailer. A supplier (or manufacturer) can implement a buy-back policy to influence the quantity ordered by its retailer. We have developed a simple rule to achieve channel coordination in a two-stage supply chain dealing with a limited life product. A numerical experiment has been conducted to illustrate the proposed model. Sensitivity analyses are performed to show the impact of various parameters on supply chain profit. The results depict that a higher degree of channel coordination not only increases the expected supply chain profit but also decreases the impact of demand uncertainty on expected profit. Moreover, the sensitivity results show that the increase in the degree of channel coordination decreases the coefficient of variation in retailer's profit. Finally, the implications of using these results for the managers have been discussed.
Gobernanza de inventores (2012)

La gobernanza comprende hoy la participacion de la sociedad en el proceso de gobierno. Para salir de la paradoja europea en la implantacion de la investigacion en el sistema productivo se precisaria mayor participacion de este en una I+D+i que es mayoritariamente publica, lo que ha sido mas avisado que propiciado en la reciente Ley de la Ciencia, la Tecnologia y la Innovacion. El autor propone alguna forma de incrementarlo.
3D Etching profile evolution simulations: Time dependence analysis of the profile charging during SiO<sub>2</sub>etching in plasma (2007)

The ability to simulate feature charging was added to the 3D level set profile evolution simulator described earlier. A comprehensive simulation of etching profile evolution requires knowledge of the etching rates at all the points of the profile surface during the etching process. Electrons do not contribute directly to the material removal, but they are the source, together with positive ions, of the profile charging that has many negative consequences on the final outcome of the process especially in the case of insulating material etching. The ion and electron fluxes were computed along the feature using Monte Carlo method. The surface potential profiles and electric field for the entire feature were generated by solving Laplace equation using finite elements method. Calculations were performed in the case of simplified model of Ar+/CF4 non-equilibrium plasma etching of SiO2. The time dependence of the profile charging during SiO2 etching in plasma is presented.
Persistence, phytotoxicity, and management of arsenic, lead and mercury residues in old orchard soils of New York State (1994)

Lead arsenate was used for pest control in fruit orchards for many years in the United States, and its residues remain in most of these soils. Since arsenic and lead are toxic and only slightly mobile in soils, an analytical survey was conducted in 1993 to determine the concentrations of these elements persisting in soil samples from 13 older and newer orchards in New York State. Concentrations of arsenic and lead ranged, respectively, from 1.60 to 141 and from 1.48 to 720 (ppm, dry wt). Significant (P < 0.01, n = 13) pairwise correlations were observed among concentrations of these elements: As vs. Pb r = 0.97), As vs. Hg (r = 0.79), and Pb vs. Hg (r = 0.83). Despite previous reports of phytotoxicity to fruit trees, elevated arsenic concentrations did not significantly reduce the dry weights of apple (Malus domestica) seedlings grown in pasteurized soil from these orchards. The general environmental effects and best management strategies for arsenic and lead in orchard soils are discussed including phytotoxicity of arsenic and its uptake and accumulation in plants, ingestion by small mammal herbivores and their predators in orchards, and ways to minimize potential adverse effects on humans.
In Situ Fluorescence Measurement of Tear Film [Na<sup>+</sup>], [K<sup>+</sup>], [Cl<sup>−</sup>], and pH in Mice Shows Marked Hypertonicity in Aquaporin-5 Deficiency (2009)

These results establish an in situ optical methodology to measure tear film [Na(+)], [K(+)], [Cl(-)], and pH in living mice, without the need for fluid sampling. Tear film hypertonicity in AQP5 deficiency is likely caused by reduced transcorneal water secretion in response to evaporative water loss.
Cross‐linking a maturation‐dependent ram sperm plasma membrane antigen induces the acrosome reaction (1991)

ESA152 is a highly hydrophobic 18 kDa sialoglycoprotein, which becomes expressed on ram sperm in the proximal cauda epididymis. ESA 152 is expressed on all regions of the sperm surface, most strongly on the posterior region of the head, most weakly on the anterior region of the head. In this paper, we show that induction of the acrosome reaction with Ca2+ ionophore causes ESA152 to be redistributed from the posterior to the anterior region of the head plasma membrane. Cross-linking ESA152 with bivalent antibody causes similar redistribution and induces the acrosome reaction. Induction of the acrosome reaction with ESA152 antibody requires Ca2+ but is insensitive to (10 ng/ml) pertussis toxin.