gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exit choice, (pre-)movement time and (pre-)evacuation behaviour in hotel fire evacuation — Behavioural analysis and validation of the use of serious gaming in experimental research (2010)

Human behaviour in fires is mainly studied by incident evaluations and real-life experiments, such as unannounced evacuation drills. The possibilities of virtual reality for studying human behaviour in fires are so far hardly adopted by researchers. Nevertheless, the application of a behavioural assessment and research tool (BART) in virtual reality is expected to be a valuable supplement on the existing research methods. The innovative instrument will be validated by comparing the results of experiments in a virtual environment with results of the same experiments in real life. In this paper some results of case studies on evacuation behaviour in a real hotel building, as well as in a virtual hotel building in BART are given. The participants’ route choice, pre-movement time, pre-evacuation behaviour, movement time and evacuation behaviour are part of the analysis in the paper.
High- <i>Q</i> factor circuit with reduced sensitivity (1968)

An active network is suggested that uses one differential-input operational amplifier and is suitable for realising high-Q factor second-order bandpass functions. Its Q sensitivity to component values is found to be less than the optimum Q sensitivities of the corresponding networks of Huelsman and Antoniou. The network has been used to realise a sixth-order bandpass filter in three cascaded stages. Experimental results are given.
Comparative Activities of Clinafloxacin, Grepafloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Ofloxacin, Sparfloxacin, and Trovafloxacin and Nonquinolones Linozelid, Quinupristin-Dalfopristin, Gentamicin, and Vancomycin against Clinical Isolates of Ciprofloxacin-Resistant and -Susceptible <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains (1999)

The activities of eight fluoroquinolones and linezolid, quinupristin-dalfopristin (Synercid), gentamicin, and vancomycin were tested against 96 ciprofloxacin-susceptible and 205 ciprofloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Overall, clinafloxacin, followed by moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin, was the most active quinolone tested. For all isolates, linezolid and quinupristin-dalfopristin showed activities that were at least comparable to vancomycin, with no cross-resistance to any other test compound.
The induction of Leu-1 antigen expression in human malignant and normal B cells by phorbol myristic acetate (PMA). (1984)

Malignant cells from five patients with B cell leukemia or lymphoma were cultured with phorbol myristic acetate (PMA). PMA was found to induce cell surface expression of the Leu-1 antigen in cells from three of the five patients. Using one- and two-color immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry, we have shown simultaneous expression of the Leu-1 antigen with other B cell markers. Induction of Leu-1 antigen expression was not related to histologic subtype, in vitro secretion of immunoglobulin, or other clinical features. Biosynthetic labeling experiments showed that synthesis of Leu-1 antigen occurred and preceded expression of the antigen on the cell surface. PMA also induced the appearance of Leu-1 antigen-positive B cells in cultures of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We propose that the Leu-1 antigen is expressed transiently during the differentiation of some B cells.
<title>Fast bistable nematic display from coupled surface anchoring breaking</title> (1997)

We present new experimental results on bistable nematic display, controlled from surface anchoring breaking. Using simple planar anchorings on both plates and chiralized 5CB material, we prepare thin cells with two equal energy states: one uniform planar and the other one twisted by 180 degrees. Applying short electric pulses we break transiently both surface anchorings (to write) or only one of them (to erase). After these short pulses, in absence of any field, we obtain at will the uniform state or the twisted one, with infinite lifetime and full bistability. Using polarizers an optical contrast of 50 is measured between the two states. The write/erase pulse duration is short, comparable with the surface anchoring response time approximately 10 microseconds. The optical response time, classically related to the cell thickness, is here in the ms range. The temperature dependence of the threshold is also discussed. The existence of the two relatively close writing and erasing thresholds allows in principle simple multiplexability.
Carbohydrate-mediated clearance of immune complexes from the circulation. A role for galactose residues in the hepatic uptake of IgG-antigen complexes. (1980)

The purpose of these experiments was to evaluate the hypothesis that galactose residues on IgG mediate the clearance of IgG.antigen complexes from the circulation. After 28 days of immunization of rats with bovine serum albumin (BSA), approximately 90% of anti-BSA antibody was IgG; the circulating half-life of trace amounts of BSA antigen in immunized rats was 6 min, compared to 24 h in nonimmunized rats. Similarly, soluble IgG.125I-BSA complexes formed in vitro, under conditions of antibody excess, had a circulating half-life of 4 min in normal rats. For both antigen in immunized rats, or IgG.125I-BSA complexes in normal animals, clearance was markedly inhibited by pre- or co-injection of asialofetuin, but was insensitive to large doses of fetuin, ovalbumin, or mannan. Liver parenchymal cells were the major site of uptake of complexes formed in vivo or in vitro. In vitro binding of IgG.125I-BSA complexes by isolated hepatocytes was effectively competed by asialofetuin, asialo-orosomucoid, galactose, and N-acetylgalactosamine, but was unaffected by fetuin, orosomucoid, ovalbumin, mannan, or mannose. These data suggest that antigen-induced conformational changes in IgG result in both recognition of galactose residues on IgG and clearance of IgG-immune complexes from the circulation by the galactose-specific receptor in hepatic parenchymal cells.
High−efficiency graded band−gap Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>As−GaAs solar cell (1975)

A detailed theoretical analysis of an n−on−p graded band−gap AlxGa1−xAs−GaAs solar cell yields a maximum air mass zero power conversion efficiency of 17% compared to 9% for a similar GaAs cell. The analaysis includes surface and bulk minority carrier recombination, junction recombination current, spectrally varying surface reflection, and series resistance loss. The maximum efficiency is determined for a surface recombination velocity of 1×105 cm/sec and hole and electron diffusion lengths of 2.1 and 7.6 μm, respectively. The improved efficiency is primarily due to a built−in electric field, caused by the band−gap gradation, accelerating photogenerated holes toward the p−n junction. This field reduces the surface and bulk recombination of the holes, and thereby enhances their collection.
Characterization of Antibody Responses to <i>Wolbachia</i> Surface Protein in Humans with Lymphatic Filariasis (2003)

Symbiotic Wolbachia organisms of filarial nematodes have received much attention as possible chemotherapy targets and disease-causing organisms. In order to further investigate the association between anti-Wolbachia immune responses and chronic filarial disease in humans, antibody responses to Wolbachia surface protein (WSP) were assayed in serum samples collected from 232 individuals living in Leogane, Haiti, an area where Wuchereria bancrofti infection is endemic, and from 67 North Americans with no history of lymphatic filariasis. As opposed to antifilarial antibody responses, which were largely influenced by the patient's infection status, the prevalence and levels of anti-WSP immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies among individuals with lymphedema or hydrocele were significantly greater than those in gender- and infection-matched individuals without disease. In at least one case, the anti-WSP IgG response was coincident with the onset of lymphedema development, and among anti-WSP-positive women with lymphedema, anti-WSP IgG levels were negatively correlated with the duration of lymphedema. The presence of anti-WSP IgG was also associated with the severity of inguinal adenopathy among men with hydrocele. In addition to the presence of anti-WSP antibodies among Haitians, 15 of 67 (22%) serum samples collected from individuals from North America, where filariasis is not endemic, were also positive for anti-WSP antibodies. In comparison to those from Haitians, anti-WSP antibodies from North Americans primarily recognized a distinct region of WSP located within the highly conserved second transmembrane domain. The results of this study demonstrate that anti-WSP antibody responses are associated with the presence of chronic filarial morbidity and not filarial infection status in humans and suggest that WSP should be further studied as a potential trigger for the development of filarial disease.
Automatic Retinal Vasculature Structure Tracing and Vascular Landmark Extraction from Human Eye Image (2006)

We present an effective algorithm for automatic tracing of vasculature structures and vascular landmark extraction of bifurcations and ending points. In this paper we deal with vascular patterns from digital images for personal identification. Vessel tracing algorithms are of interest in a variety of biometric and medical application such as personal identification, biometrics, and ophthalmic disorders like vessel change detection. However eye surface vasculature tracing has many problems which are subject to improper illumination, glare, fade-out, shadow and artifacts arising from reflection, refraction, and dispersion. The proposed algorithm on vascular tracing employs multi-stage processing of ten-layers as followings: Image Acquisition, Image Enhancement by gray scale retinal image enhancement, reducing background artifact and illuminations and removing interlacing minute characteristics of vessels, Vascular Structure Extraction by connecting broken vessels, extracting vascular structure using eight directional information, and extracting retinal vascular structure. Vascular Landmark Extraction of bifurcations and ending points. The results of automatic retinal vessel extraction using five different thresholds applied 34 eye images are presented. The results of vasculature tracing algorithm shows that the suggested algorithm can obtain not only robust and accurate vessel tracing but also vascular landmarks according to thresholds.
Design Of A Wideband Free-Space Lasercom Transmitter (1986)

A GaAlAs laser was developed which dichroically combines six single-mode 830 nm diodes in a 100 Angstrom total bandpass. The laser is designed to produce 250 mW peak power at a pulse rate of greater than SOO Mpps. Single mode operation of each diode is necessary since diode-to-diode channel spacing is only 20 Angstroms. Use of an etalon for each diode maintains single mode operation in the presence of wideband modulation. The diode mount, a universal header, accommodates diodes from various manufacturers and includes an impedance matching network for the diode as well as a thermistor and heater for diode closed-loop temperature control. Diffraction-limited optics are used to maximize the combined beam far field irradiance for free-space applications. Since the diodes are strongly linearly polarized, two six-diode lasers may be added using polarization combining to produce 500 mw peak power in a 100 Angstrom total bandpass.
Chondral Defect Repair after the Microfracture Procedure (2005)

The poor status of the defect repair at 6 weeks and the ongoing healing observed from the 6- to 12-week time points may indicate that the repair is vulnerable during this initial postoperative period. Assuming the goal of postoperative weightbearing and activity restriction in patients after microfracture is to protect immature repair tissue, this study lends support to extending such recommendations longer than 6 weeks.
Optimizing the exercise protocol for cardiopulmonary assessment (1983)

Twelve normal men performed 1-min incremental exercise tests to exhaustion in approximately 10 min on both treadmill and cycle ergometer. The maximal O2 uptake (VO2 max) and anaerobic threshold (AT) were higher (6 and 13%, respectively) on the treadmill than the cycle; the AT was reached at about 50% of VO2 max on both ergometers. Maximal CO2 output, heart rate, and O2 pulse were also slightly, but significantly higher on the treadmill. Maximal ventilation, gas exchange ratio, and ventilatory equivalents for O2 and CO2 for both forms of exercise were not significantly different. To determine the optimum exercise test for both treadmill and cycle, we exercised five of the subjects at various work rate increments on both ergometers in a randomized design. The treadmill increments were 0.8, 1.7, 2.5, and 4.2%/min at a constant speed of 3.4 mph, and 1.7 and 4.2%/min at 4.5 mph. Cycle increments were 15, 30, and 60 W/min. The VO2 max was significantly higher on tests where the increment magnitude was large enough to induce test durations of 8-17 min, but the AT was independent of test duration. Thus, for evaluating cardiopulmonary function with incremental exercise testing by either treadmill or cycle, we suggest selecting a work rate increment to bring the subject to the limit of his tolerance in about 10 min.
A pulse radiolysis study of the leucocyanide of malachite green dye in organic solvents (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA pulse radiolysis study of the leucocyanide of malachite green dye in organic solventsK. Bobrowski, G. Dzierzkowska, J. Grodkowski, Z. Stuglik, Z. P. Zagorski, and W. L. McLaughlinCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 20, 4358–4366Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100266a041https://doi.org/10.1021/j100266a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein DC-STAMP is essential for osteoclast fusion and osteoclast bone-resorbing activity (2006)

Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells that play a critical role for bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. It is well known that osteoclasts form multinuclear cells by cell–cell fusion of mononuclear osteoclasts; however, what molecules are required for osteoclast cell–cell fusion, and the role of multinucleation remain uncharacterized. We identified the dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein DC-STAMP, a putative seven transmembrane protein, and generated DC-STAMP-deficient mice. The cell fusion of osteoclasts was completely abrogated in DC-STAMP-deficient mice, while the transcription factors required for osteoclast differentiation or osteoclast maturation markers were induced as wild type osteoclasts. Interestingly, bone-resorbing activity was reduced in DC-STAMP-deficient osteoclasts compared with wild-type osteoclasts, and DC-STAMP-deficient mice showed osteopetrosis. Thus, we identified DC-STAMP as an essential molecule for osteoclast cell–cell fusion, and found that multinuclear osteoclasts have a higher bone-resorbing activity than mononuclear osteoclastic cells seen in DC-STAMP-deficient mice.
Reference interval for the bilirubin excess in cerebrospinal fluid by derivative spectrophotometry. (1989)

The value of the bilirubin excess can be a useful aid for recognizing blood from haemorrhage in cerebrospinal fluid. One of the parameters needed for the calculation of the bilirubin excess is the total bilirubin concentration in CSF. A method for measuring total bilirubin in cerebrospinal fluid is presented, based on diazotization of bilirubin according to Jendrassik-Gróf, combined with multiwavelength first derivative spectrophotometry. This bilirubin assay allows determination of total bilirubin concentrations as low as 0.045 +/- 0.002 mumols/l. This method also enables a correction for oxyhaemoglobin interference. The value of the bilirubin excess was calculated for patients (n = 66) not showing any neurological disorder. A reference interval of 0.07 +/- 0.06 mumols/l was calculated for the bilirubin excess.
Ubiquitous Localization and Mapping for Robots with Ambient Intelligence (2006)

In this paper, a novel approach of knowledge management for the space/location perceiving capacity of robots is proposed. First, the ubiquitous function services composed of smart object, smart logic, and smart discovery service are proposed in order to distribute knowledge flexibly and reliably to changing environment and also for a robot to invoke and merge the distributed knowledge more freely. Next, physical and virtual spaces are merged by RFID tags. Through this, it is shown that ambient intelligence is realized and the space localization and mapping problem of robots can be more easily solved. Finally, the experiment based on an example scenario is carried out to verify the proposed method in the informative space named u-RT space which has two kinds of RFID tags, a virtual space with ubiquitous function services realized by Web services, and a networked robot system which works in these spaces
Using a network simulation package to teach the client-server model (1997)

The client-server model is fast becoming the most common form of network architecture used in data communications. It's popularity can be seen in the phenomenal expansion of the World Wide Web. It is essential that students understand the client-server model, and that they learn how to design client-server networks and to analyze their performance. This paper describes a project to achieve this via problem solving sessions using simulation to facilitate understanding of the design and performance analysis of networks using a client-server architecture. Students will be able to gain experience designing client-server networks and testing their designs for efficiency and expandability.
Clinical effectiveness of lamotrigine and plasma levels in essential and symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia (1997)

This paper reports on the effectiveness of oral lamotrigine in 15 patients suffering from "essential" trigeminal neuralgia and in five patients suffering symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia concomitant with multiple sclerosis. We recorded objective and subjective pain ratings and correlated them to daily dosage (400 mg maximum) and plasma levels of the drug. We detected pain relief proportional to daily dosage and to drug plasma levels. Eleven of the cases affected by the "essential" form of neuralgia showed complete pain relief on reaching their maximum daily dosage. All cases affected by the symptomatic form had complete pain relief. We could detect no changes from these results by the end of the follow-up period (3 to 8 months after the study ended).
Type X collagen synthesis by chick sternal cartilage and its relationship to endochondral development. (1985)

Our morphological studies have demonstrated that the appearance of localized, paired zones of primary calcification on either side of the midline of the 19-d embryonic chick sternum is heralded by the development of paired, translucent zones 2 d previously. Histological studies demonstrated that the majority of chondrocytes within these translucent zones are hypertrophic, and that the zones are surrounded by a margin of flattened nonhypertrophic cells. The discrete localization of these paired areas of hypertrophic chondrocytes and subsequent endochondral bone development allows for the direct correlation of the histological and biochemical characteristics of the zones sequentially during development and makes it possible to precisely match the synthetic activity to the cellular morphology, thereby eliminating possible minor but critical variations in developmental staging that could otherwise arise. Our studies have demonstrated that there is a direct spatial and temporal correlation between the degree of cellular maturation and the synthesis of type X collagen, and that the sudden and profound initiation of type X collagen synthesis on days 16-17 of development occurs concurrently with the attainment of hypertrophic characteristics by the majority of cells within the translucent zone. Before acquisition of these hypertrophic characteristics, the cells of this precalcification zone synthesize only type II and the minor cartilage collagens. Chondrocytes isolated from these regions in more immature sternae (i.e., 11+ d embryos) were found to synthesize high levels of type X collagen within 4 d of culture within collagen gels even though hypertrophic development and type X collagen synthesis by cells within this region would not normally have been apparent in ovo for several more days. These data indicate that there is a direct correlation between the development of hypertrophic characteristics and the synthesis of type X collagen, and that the maturation of chondrocytes in precalcification zones may be regulated by matrix components and/or stimulated by culture within collagen gels.
Based simulation of high gain and low breakdown voltage InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode (2008)

The InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode (APD) of thin heterostructure charge layer has studied. Apsys software is used for simulation. For reducing the dark current and achieving higher avalanche gain, a 30 nm InP charge layer and 100 nm InGaAsP grade charge layer used between 400 nm multiplication and absorption layers. Simulation results demonstrated that the low dark current properties and low breakdown voltage (17.5 V) had achieved. The avalanche gain is 88 at reverse bias voltage 17.2 V, and reached 300 at 17.4 V before break down.
Antitumor Effects of Systemically Delivered Adenovirus Harboring <i>Trans</i>-Splicing Ribozyme in Intrahepatic Colon Cancer Mouse Model (2008)

This study shows that systemically delivered adenovirus harboring trans-splicing ribozyme can recognize cancer-specific transcripts and reprogram them to combat the cancer cells. Use of trans-splicing ribozymes seems to be a potentially useful gene therapy for cancer.