gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Buckycatcher. A New Opportunity for Charge-Transfer Mediation? (2008)

This contribution deals with a computational study of hole transfer (HT) and excess electron transfer (EET) in complexes of a buckyball and a molecular catcher having two concave buckybowls as described by Sygula et al. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 3842). Three systems are considered: (1) the inclusion complex consisting of the fullerene and catcher subunits, (2) a system formed by two catchers, and (3) a supermolecular system consisting of two fullerene and two catcher molecules. Such a type of organic system is of potential interest in the design of nanoelectronic devices. HT and EET electronic couplings of the subunits in the systems are calculated using the HF/6-31G* method and the semiempirical INDO/S scheme; the calculation of the reorganization energy is carried out within the B3LYP/6-31G* method. On the basis of the computed values of electronic couplings and reorganization energies, we predict that excess charge (hole or electron) should be strongly confined to a single subunit in the complexes. Then, we suggest that excess charge propagation within the fullerene-catcher system in the solid state occurs as superexchange mediated hopping; in this process, fullerene molecules function as stepping stones, while the catcher effectively mediates the charge transport between buckyballs. The properties of the buckycatcher, acting as a charge-transfer mediator from and to fullerenes, are found to be quite different for electron- and hole-transfer processes. We estimate the absolute rate of the hole and the excess electron hopping between fullerenes, kHT = 1.28 1012 s-1, while kEET = 1.07 109 s-1 and find that the HT is much faster than the EET because of (1) the stronger HT coupling between neighboring buckybowls of the catchers and (2) the smaller HT reorganization energy relative to that for EET.
A green method for cable diagnostics coupled with selective cable restoration - re-use instead of replace (2010)

Online testing of cable systems allows the cable owner to get a check up of one's system at operating voltage while all current activity is normal. No switching operations and no outage time is incurred while this effective capacitance testing is done. The entire system is analyzed including the cable, switchgear and any attached transformers or terminations. The responsive capacitance sensor can detect partial discharge (PD) activity as well as numerous pre-discharge events such as the growth of water trees and defects in the cable or components. Systems are graded from Level One where the component is in excellent condition all the way to Level Five where the component is at the end of its economic life. The cable owner can then direct where to focus budgeted preventative maintenance dollars. Cables that are too far gone can be replaced. Excellent cables can be checked again in a few years and cables in the middle can be restored. Dimethyl Dibutoxy silane (DMDB) has been found to be an excellent fluid for the restoration of damaged underground electrical cables. The cable owner is facing increasing failure rates of older electrical power cables due to the phenomenon of “water treeing”. Once water diffuses in to the insulation and in the presence of an electrical field micro voids start to form that contain dissolved water. The presence of these micro voids causes the dielectric strength of the cable to deteriorate which ultimately leads to cable failure. If the cable is not too far gone the DMDB fluid can be injected into the cable from the terminations in switch gear or at transformers. The fluid diffuses into the cable and desiccates the micro voids filled with water. This fills the voids with the DMDB oligomers and removes water, causing the dielectric strength of the cable to rise quickly. The injected cable now has had its life extended by more than 20 years. Utilizing injection avoids the high cost associated with traditional cable replacement. Additionally, the energy required to both mine, and manufacture either aluminum or copper conductors utilized in new cables are no longer required. This has an enormous savings to the environment, “re-use versus replace”. All alkoxysilanes produce an alcohol during their hydrolysis reaction. This new generation fluid improves upon its predecessors by creating the environmentally benign butanol in very trace amounts as opposed to the methanol created by the earlier generation products.
Functional studies of N‐terminally modified CYP2J2 epoxygenase in model lipid bilayers (2013)

CYP2J2 epoxygenase is a membrane bound cytochrome P450 that converts omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids into physiologically active epoxides. In this work, we present a comprehensive comparison of the effects of N-terminal modifications on the properties of CYP2J2 with respect to the activity of the protein in model lipid bilayers using Nanodiscs. We demonstrate that the complete truncation of the N-terminus changes the association of this protein with the E.coli membrane but does not disrupt incorporation in the lipid bilayers of Nanodiscs. Notably, the introduction of silent mutations at the N-terminus was used to express full length CYP2J2 in E. coli while maintaining wild-type functionality. We further show that lipid bilayers are essential for the productive use of NADPH for ebastine hydroxylation by CYP2J2. Taken together, it was determined that the presence of the N-terminus is not as critical as the presence of a membrane environment for efficient electron transfer from cytochrome P450 reductase to CYP2J2 for ebastine hydroxylation in Nanodiscs. This suggests that adopting the native-like conformation of CYP2J2 and cytochrome P450 reductase in lipid bilayers is essential for effective use of reducing equivalents from NADPH for ebastine hydroxylation.
Topical Metronidazole Maintains Remissions of Rosacea (1998)

In a majority of subjects studied, continued treatment with metronidazole gel alone maintains remission of moderate to severe rosacea induced by treatment with oral tetracycline and topical metronidazole gel.
Volleystore: A Parasitic Storage Framework (2007)

We present Volleystore, a filesystem that stores data on network equipment and servers without any authorization, yet without compromising the systems that are used. This is achieved by exploiting the echo functionality present in most standard Internet protocols. Various issues concerning the design of a parasitic storage system are addressed and a practical system based on Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo messages is demonstrated. We present an analysis of storage capacity and latency limits for various configurations of the system. We also describe a proof-of-concept implementation of the system and show that one can indeed store data using Volleystore for a reasonable lengths of time. Finally, we suggest defenses against parasitic storage, both abstractly in economic terms and concretely in technical terms.
Human platelet spreading on substrata of known surface chemistry (1985)

Using platelet-rich plasma freshly obtained by plasmapheresis, the spread areas of human platelets settled onto substrata of different surface energies were measured to evaluate the hypothesis that initial platelet spreading response is surface dependent. At 37 degrees C, minimal platelet spread areas were found on substrata with critical surface tension between 20 and 30 mN/m (dynes/cm), and increased spreading and morphologic changes occurred on substrata of both higher and lower critical surface tension. This differential response was absent at 25 degrees C. Therefore, measurement of spread platelet area at physiologic temperature rather than number of attached cells is proposed as a superior method of estimating apparent blood compatibility of new biomaterials.
Video indexing through integration of syntactic and semantic features (2002)

This paper proposes a content-based video indexing system which provides the functionalities necessary for automatic management of video data through integration of syntactic and semantic features. The proposed system has been applied to detection, classification and then indexing of news programs collected from different TV channels. Although the paper focuses on news programs, the same methods can be used to extent-based index and search other TV programs with distinct semantic structure.
Radon daughter deposition velocities estimated from field measurements. (1983)

The surface deposition rate (plateout) of unattached radon daughters was estimated from simple surface activity measurements in a number of occupied buildings, and found to be about one third of the lowest value measured in diffusion tube experiments. This low value was confirmed by surface deposition and activity measurements made in a commercial building with high radon levels, which also showed that the deposition rate was higher on walls than on floors or tables. Predictions of the ratio between airborne and surface-deposited radon daughter activity using the estimated surface deposition rate were close to the ratios observed in occupied homes. Refinements to existing models are required to explain the variability of deposition rate with surface orientation.
Postovulatory aging of human ova: II. Spontaneous division of the first polar body (1983)

Abstract Two oocytes recovered from the Fallopian tube at 24 and 50 h following the LH peak in plasma were examined by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The possibility of fertilization was excluded by clinical and morphologic evidence. In the earliest specimen, the first polar body showed condensed nuclear chromatin, without nuclear envelope, and is interpreted as entering interphase. In the other specimen, the first polar body was undergoing division, which is interpreted as spontaneous second meiotic division.
Clavicular Fractures Following Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction with Tendon Graft (2010)

1GIKK Ortho Specialists, 7710 Mercy Road, Suite 224, Omaha, NE 68124. E-mail address: [email protected] 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, 400 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Suite 330, Charlottesville, VA 22903. E-mail address for C.D. Miller: [email protected]. E-mail address for M.D. Miller: [email protected]
THE EFFECT OF TIME, TEMPERATURE AND PARTICLE SIZE ON SUBMICRON PARTICLE REMOVAL USING ULTRASONIC CLEANING (1993)

Abstract Ultrasonic cleaning is an established method for removing micron-size particles or larger from hard substrates. This paper presents the effect of the ultrasonic frequency and time functions on submicron particle removal effectiveness. The effect of the particle size, concentration and the cleaning liquid temperature is also investigated. The removal efficiency is shown to be dependent on the ultrasonic time and frequency functions. The liquid temperature is shown to have a major effect on the ultrasonic cleaning process. The removal efficiency is shown to decrease with decreasing particle diameter. The results show that the ultrasonic cleaning technique can effectively remove particles of sizes 0.3 μm and larger. KEYWORDS: Submicron particlesParticle removalUltrasonic cleaningCavitation damageAcoustic streaming
Inhibition of epithelial Na<sup>+</sup>currents by intracellular domains of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (1997)

Cystic fibrosis is characterized by an impaired cyclic adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (cAMP) activated Cl- conductance in parallel with an enhanced amiloride sensitive Na+ conductance (ENaC) of the respiratory epithelium. Very recently, acute downregulation of ENaC by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) was demonstrated in several studies. The mechanism, however, by which CFTR exerts its inhibitory effect on ENaC remains obscure. We demonstrate that cytosolic domains of human CFTR are sufficient to induce inhibition of rat epithelial Na+ currents (rENaC) when coexpressed in Xenopus oocytes and stimulated with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). Moreover, mutations of CFTR, which occur in cystic fibrosis, abolish CFTR-dependent downregulation of rENaC. Yeast two hybrid analysis of CFTR domains and rENaC subunits suggest direct interaction between the proteins. Enhanced Na+ transport as found in the airways of cystic fibrosis patients is probably due to a lack of CFTR dependent downregulation of ENaC.
Morbidity and mortality (1985)

All the numerous chronic diseases which arise from a scanty or an excess of vegetable diet, are common among the slaves in the West Indies. This evil, I have been well informed, cannot be remedied while slavery remains on its present footing; for very accurate calculations have made it evident, that the whole profit of a sugar estate, as it is now conducted, is saved from the necessary food and cloathing of the slaves.Benjamin Rush, M.D., 1788
Early CT finding in cerebral infarction: obscuration of the lentiform nucleus. (1988)

Early computed tomographic (CT) findings (scans obtained within 6 hours of the onset of stroke) were retrospectively analyzed in 25 patients with embolic cerebral infarction of the middle cerebral artery or internal carotid artery distribution, including the lentiform nucleus, diagnosed on the basis of findings at sequential CT. CT scans were analyzed for the following: (a) an obscured outline or partial disappearance of the lentiform nucleus, (b) a slight decrease in tissue density, or (c) effacement of the cortical sulci. One or more of these findings was recognized in 23 of 25 patients (92%). The first finding was noted most frequently, and it appeared earliest. Obscuration of the lentiform nucleus was thought to be an important early sign of cerebral infarction, including the lentiform nucleus.
Heteroepitaxy of InP on Si(001) by selective-area metal organic vapor-phase epitaxy in sub-50 nm width trenches: The role of the nucleation layer and the recess engineering (2014)

This study relates to the heteroepitaxy of InP on patterned Si substrates using the defect trapping technique. We carefully investigated the growth mechanism in shallow trench isolation trenches to optimize the nucleation layer. By comparing different recess engineering options: rounded-Ge versus V-grooved, we could show a strong enhancement of the crystalline quality and growth uniformity of the InP semiconductor. The demonstration of III-V heteroepitaxy at scaled dimensions opens the possibility for new applications integrated on Silicon.
Practical Preparation of 3-Chloro-4-Methoxybenzylamine Hydrochloride (2000)

Abstract The title compound was prepared in a practical manner by chlorinating 4-methoxybenzylamine with sulfuryl chloride in acetic acid in 79–82% yields with little side reaction.
Variation with Temperature of the Energy of Recoil-Free Gamma Rays from Solids (1960)

Received 17 February 1960DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.4.274©1960 American Physical Society
Patents on Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antennas (2009)

Reflectarray antennas have attracted significant attention due to a number of attractive properties, such as low cost, and conformal deployment capability. In addition, the drive towards flexible radio transceivers, enabling beamforming and multi-beam operation has spurred significant interest towards the design of antenna elements and antenna arrays with reconfigurable capabilities. A review of recent publications and patents on reconfigurable reflectarrays is presented focusing on the different capabilities, technologies and architectures that have been proposed. Keywords: Reflectarray antennas, reconfigurable antennas, antenna beam-forming
DNA DEGRADATION IN DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH (2004)

Most mammalian cells have nuclei that contain DNA, which replicates during cell proliferation. DNA is destroyed by various developmental processes in mammals. It is degraded during programmed cell death that accompanies mammalian development. The nuclei of erythrocytes and eye lens fiber cells are also removed during their differentiation into mature cells. If DNA is not properly degraded in these processes, it can cause various diseases, including tissue atrophy, anemia, cataract, and autoimmune diseases, which indicates that DNA can be a pathogenic molecule. Here, I present how DNA is degraded during programmed cell death, erythroid cell differentiation, and lens cell differentiation. I discuss what might be or will be learned from understanding the molecular mechanisms of DNA degradation that occurs during mammalian development.
A Rotation Rate Sensor Based Upon a Rayleigh Resonator (1994)

Rayleigh waves generated by line loads on the surface of an elastic half-space experience a change in both amplitude and wave number if the medium undergoes rotation. Use is to be made of this to form the basis of a rotation sensor. The relative changes are, however, extremely small. It is the purpose of this paper to show how, by use of the properties of Rayleigh waves, the changes induced by rotation may be amplified while the basic wave is not. This is achieved by use of a Rayleigh resonator with carefully chosen characteristics. The basic theory of such a resonator has been worked out in Clarke et al. (1989) and Clarke and Burdess (1991) and is here extended to account for rotational effects. It is shown that it should be possible to construct a practicably sized device, based upon this theory, to act as a robust rotation rate sensor.
Improved fingerprint identification with supervised filtering enhancement (2005)

An important step in the fingerprint identification system is the reliable extraction of distinct features from fingerprint images. Identification performance is directly related to the enhancement of fingerprint images during or after the enrollment phase. Among the various enhancement algorithms, artificial-intelligence-based feature-extraction techniques are attractive owing to their adaptive learning properties. We present a new supervised filtering technique that is based on a dynamic neural-network approach to develop a robust fingerprint enhancement algorithm. For pattern matching, a joint transform correlation (JTC) algorithm has been incorporated that offers high processing speed for real-time applications. Because the fringe-adjusted JTC algorithm has been found to yield a significantly better correlation output compared with alternate JTCs, we used this algorithm for the identification process. Test results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Transient dielectric study of bistable reflective cholesteric displays and design of rapid drive scheme (1995)

Transient dielectric measurement is used to study the transitions among the planar, focal conic, and homeotropic states of cholesteric liquid crystals. If the initial state is the field-induced homeotropic state, at low bias fields, the liquid crystal transforms to the planar state in a sequence of homeotropic-transient planar–planar; at high bias fields, the liquid crystal transforms to the focal conic state. The homeotropic-transient planar transition is on the order of 1 ms while the homeotropic-focal conic transition is on the order of 100 ms. Large hysteresis is observed in the transitions between the homeotropic and the focal conic state. Based on the rapid homeotropic-transient planar transition and the hysteresis effect in the focal conic-homeotropic transition, we have designed a drive scheme which can address bistable reflective cholesteric displays at the speed of one line per millisecond.
Cooperative aquatic sensing using the telesupervised adaptive ocean sensor fleet (2009)

Earth science research must bridge the gap between the atmosphere and the ocean to foster understanding of Earth's climate and ecology. Typical ocean sensing is done with satellites or in situ buoys and research ships which are slow to reposition. Cloud cover inhibits study of localized transient phenomena such as Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB). A fleet of extended-deployment surface autonomous vehicles will enable in situ study of characteristics of HAB, coastal pollutants, and related phenomena. We have developed a multiplatform telesupervision architecture that supports adaptive reconfiguration based on environmental sensor inputs. Our system allows the autonomous repositioning of smart sensors for HAB study by networking a fleet of NOAA OASIS (Ocean Atmosphere Sensor Integration System) surface autonomous vehicles. In situ measurements intelligently modify the search for areas of high concentration. Inference Grid and complementary information-theoretic techniques support sensor fusion and analysis. Telesupervision supports sliding autonomy from high-level mission tasking, through vehicle and data monitoring, to teleoperation when direct human interaction is appropriate. This paper reports on experimental results from multi-platform tests conducted in the Chesapeake Bay and in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania waters using OASIS platforms, autonomous kayaks, and multiple simulated platforms to conduct cooperative sensing of chlorophyll-a and water quality.
Effect of smoking cessation on cough reflex sensitivity (2006)

Recent studies have shown that cigarette smokers have diminished cough reflex sensitivity compared with nonsmokers. The current authors proposed a mechanism of chronic cigarette smoke-induced desensitisation of airway cough receptors. To investigate this hypothesis, cough sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin (C5) in chronic smokers was measured both while they were actively smoking and 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks after smoking cessation. In total, 29 subjects underwent baseline capsaicin challenge while smoking and 2 weeks after smoking cessation. Mean+/-sem log C5 fell from 1.86+/-0.12 to 1.60+/-0.12, demonstrating significant enhancement of cough reflex sensitivity. Of the total, 20, 18 and 14 subjects successfully abstained from smoking for 6, 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. Mean log C5 values after 12 and 24 weeks of smoking cessation were significantly diminished from baseline. In a control group of smokers, mean log C5 did not decrease from baseline after 6, 12 and 24 weeks. Overall, the log C5 profile of the smoking cessation group showed a clear, linearly decreasing trend over time compared with the control group. Even after many years of smoking, cough sensitivity is enhanced as early as 2 weeks after smoking cessation. Given the importance of an intact cough reflex, these changes may provide clinical benefit.
Comparison of fundamental parameters programs for quantitative X‐ray fluoréscence spectrometry (1988)

Abstract Five readily available fundamental parameters x‐ray spectrometry programs were compared for their performance in a more or less routine laboratory environment. The programs were used to determine a variety of elements in cement, geological samples, low‐alloy steels, nickel alloys and plant material. All data were acquired using energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectrometry. Criteria used in the comparison include accuracy, versatility and ease of use. Performance is given in statistical summaries.