gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reflexion: a responsive virtual mirror (2002)

Reflexion is an interpersonal video communication system that operates on the metaphor of a “magic mirror” in which one sees a reflection of oneself along with the reflections of other participants in remote locations, overlaid on a common backdrop image or movie. The system responds to visual and auditory cues to appropriately compose the scene and emphasize the center of attention. Participants can use brightly colored objects to control and interact with the system. In this paper, we describe the basic design features of Reflexion and some scenarios for how it might be used toward the aim of creating more intimate shared environments for communication, collaboration, and fun.
A Puzzler's Paradise (1988)

Listed below are 34 kinds of word puzzles, games and curiosities, each one in scrambled form. Your assignment is to rearrange the letters of each one into its correct order. Simple enough? Of course! Why 34 scrambles, instead of some number that shows a healthy respect for the decimal system? Because 34 happens to be the total of each row, column and main diagonal in a magic square of the fourth order - sufficient reason!
Gradient elution of anions in single column ion chromatography (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGradient elution of anions in single column ion chromatographyWilliam R. Jones, Petr. Jandik, and Allan L. HeckenbergCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 18, 1977–1979Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00169a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00169a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of Master-Slave Manipulator Using Pneumatic Cylinders (2005)

Recently, development of instruments for minimally invasive surgery has been considerably required. This surgical procedure, as compared with traditional open surgery, enables the incision smaller, and this result in less patient pain and shorter duration of hospital stays. However, it requires increased skill on the part of the surgeon. To solve this problem, robotic manipulators using electric actuators that have multi-DOFs at thetip of them have been reported as alternative to conventional instruments. These systems, however, has the problem that force sensing is difficult. In this paper, we propose a master-slave manipulator using pneumatic cylinders as actuators that can be useful for laparoscopic surgery. This system can provide force feedback to the surgeon from the differential pressure of the cylinders. We designed a bilateral dynamic control system using neural network for acquisition of the inverse dynamics. The obtained inverse dynamics is used for feedforward and estimation of the external force. Experimental results showed that the developed system successfully display the contact force.
Isolation of the cytoskeleton from <i>Giardia</i>. tubulin and a low-molecular-weight protein associated with microribbon structures (1981)

The sucking disk of Giardia is supported by a large, plate-like organelle: the ventral disk cytoskeleton. Extraction by Triton-X 100 of Giardia trophozoites from the mouse gut, or of G. duodenalis or G. lamblia grown from cultures, yields cell-free disk cytoskeletons. Up to 8 flagellar axonemes may be attached to an isolated disk. Disks are seen in the electron microscope to be composed of concentrically coiled microtubules bonded to microribbons. Microribbons are large, laminated structures, linked by dense networks of crossbridges. They are made up of regularly arranged subunits. Microtubules and microribbons are preserved in Triton for long periods, but crossbridges are slowly dissolved. Whereas the addition of ATP causes axonemes to resume bending, active movements were not detected in disks. It seems more likely that a disk is a passive effector, which may be acted upon by other contractile structures of the cytoplasm. It is highly specialized and quintessential cytoskeleton. Disks and axonemes will dissolve in sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), and after SDS-gel electrophoresis 2 prominent bands are apparent. One, corresponding to tubulin, migrates in low ionic strength, high pH buffers as 2 closely spaced bands of equal staining density. The other, a smaller protein, is a complex polypeptide band of molecular weight 30 000 Daltons. Allowing for staining differences, the 2 proteins are probably present in cytoskeletons in roughly equal amounts. Because of their size microribbons account for at least 75% of the structured material stained by electron stains in pellets of cytoskeletons. Disk and axoneme microtubules comprise the minority fraction. This result suggests that, like microtubules, microribbons are a source of structural tubulin and probably also contain the 30 000 mol. wt protein.
A statistical model for seismic hazard assessment of hydraulic‐fracturing‐induced seismicity (2015)

Abstract We analyze the interevent time distribution of hydraulic‐fracturing‐induced seismicity collected during 18 stages at four different regions. We identify a universal statistical process describing the distribution of hydraulic‐fracturing‐induced events in time. The distribution of waiting times between subsequently occurring events is given by the exponential probability density function of the homogeneous Poisson process. Our findings suggest that hydraulic‐fracturing‐induced seismicity is directly triggered by the relaxation of stress and pore pressure perturbation initially created by the injection. Therefore, compared to this relaxation, the stress transfer caused by the occurrence of preceding seismic events is mainly insignificant for the seismogenesis of subsequently occurring events. We develop a statistical model to compute the occurrence probability of hydraulic‐fracturing‐induced seismicity. This model can be used to assess the seismic hazard associated with hydraulic fracturing operations. No aftershock triggering has to be included in the statistical model.
Microbiology of Root Surface Caries in Humans (1990)

Studies on the microbiology of root surface caries between 1970 and 1975 placed emphasis on Gram-positive pleomorphic filamentous rods, particularly Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii. Both of these species had been shown to produce root surface caries in experimental animals. Since this time, studies have placed more emphasis on Streptococcus mutans, and S. mutans and Lactobacillus are significant in prediction of root surface caries risk in patients. Subsequent studies confirmed an association between S. mutans and 'soft' or 'initial' root lesions. Thus, it is important when determining the microflora of root surface lesions to make careful characterization of the state of the lesion. A second important aspect of the analysis of bacterial communities associated with root surface caries is better definition of the organisms. Most studies have concentrated on 'target organisms' S. mutans, S. sanguis, A. viscosus, A. naeslundii, Lactobacillus, and Veillonella. However, it has been known for 17 years that the Actinomyces associated with the lesions may be variants of A. viscosus and A. naeslundii. Such strains (intermediate strains) have been described in taxonomic studies of Actinomyces, yet little is known of the differences in physiology of these strains or their relationship to root surface caries. A similar situation exists with oral Streptococcus where new taxonomic divisions are being proposed. Recognition of the potential diversity within the 'target' genera of root surface caries could yield valuable data. Recent studies suggest that this is so, since samples from root surface lesions which contain S. mutans and Lactobacillus show a high isolation of S. mitis 1 and no isolations of A. naeslundii. Careful definition of the lesions of root surface caries and the flora will allow analysis to relate a specific bacterial community to the state fo the lesion and assist in monitoring the control of the lesion through fluoride and antibacterials.
An algorithm for coronary calcification diagnosis based on helical CT images (1996)

We describe a computer assisted diagnosis algorithm of coronary calcifications based on helical X-ray CT images which are used at the mass screening process for lung cancer diagnosis. Our diagnostic algorithm consists of three processes: 1) we choose the CT slices including the heart region by recognition of the heart shape and the diaphragm, and we extract the heart region on each slice by the shape of the lung area and the body of vertebra; 2) the candidate regions of the coronary calcifications are detected by the difference calculus and thresholding process; and 3) to increase the effectiveness of the diagnostic processing, we cancel the artifacts included in the candidate regions by the diagnostic rules defined by us. We show here the result of our algorithm which is applied to helical CT images of 461 patients analyzed for lung cancer screening.
Specificity of the Mnt protein determined by binding to randomized operators. (1991)

The relative binding affinities of Mnt protein from bacteriophage P22 are determined for each possible base pair at position 17 of the operator. These are determined from the partitioning of randomized operators into bound and unbound fractions; quantitation is provided by restriction enzyme analysis. Mnt protein is found to have an unusual specificity at this position: a C.G base pair (the wild-type operator) has the highest affinity, a G.C base pair has the lowest affinity, and both orientations of A.T base pairs are intermediate and nearly equivalent. A specific binding constant and specific binding free energy are defined and shown to be directly related to the information content of the operator sequences bound to the protein, taking into account the quantitative differences in binding affinities.
Global synchronization protection for bandwidth sharing TCP flows in high-speed links (2015)

In a congested network link, synchronization effects between bandwidth-sharing TCP flows cause wide queue length oscillations, which may translate into poor link utilization if insufficiently buffered. We introduce global synchronization protection (GSP), a simple extension to the ordinary operation of a tail-drop queue that safely suppresses the flow synchronization. Our minimalistic solution is well suited for scaling with leading-edge link rates: it adds only few extra operations in the fast path and does not require accelerated memory access compared to the line rate. GSP makes it easier to provide advanced control of TCP congestion in high-speed links and in low-power packet processing hardware. Using experiments with a Linux prototype of GSP we show that, despite its exclusive focus on removing global synchronization, the new scheme performs as well as far more complex active queue management (AQM) schemes like CoDel and PIE.
Scanning Or Staring Infrared Imagers A Review Of The Issues (1986)

The intent of this paper is to suggest to the electro-optic design community that recent technological advances in thermal detector focal planes have increased the attraction of IR staring arrays as contrasted to the widespread utilization of mechanically scanned arrays. Following a brief overview of both scanning and staring imaging concepts, a variety of IR imaging scenarios are used to compare these two approaches.
Pass Through [Sculpture] (2019)

Artist Statement This sculpture is called “Pass Through”. It is inspired by the chase scenes in cartoons, like Scooby Doo, that seem to go all over a building but always end up colliding in the same room. It is symbolic for me in that I try to change direction in my life but almost always wind up in the same place. I chose wood as it is my favorite medium, I used the end grain because it resembles a hypnotic spiral, and it makes each entry way look enticing, as to draw the viewer into it.
Obtaining strong ferromagnetism in diluted Gd-doped ZnO thin films through controlled Gd-defect complexes (2015)

We demonstrate the fabrication of reproducible long-range ferromagnetism (FM) in highly crystalline GdxZn1−xO thin films by controlling the defects. Films are grown on lattice-matched substrates by pulsed laser deposition at low oxygen pressures (≤25 mTorr) and low Gd concentrations (x ≤ 0.009). These films feature strong FM (10 μB per Gd atom) at room temperature. While films deposited at higher oxygen pressure do not exhibit FM, FM is recovered by post-annealing these films under vacuum. These findings reveal the contribution of oxygen deficiency defects to the long-range FM. We demonstrate the possible FM mechanisms, which are confirmed by density functional theory study, and show that Gd dopants are essential for establishing FM that is induced by intrinsic defects in these films.
Frequency offset correction for coherent OFDM in wireless systems (2001)

In this paper, a new frequency offset correction approach for OFDM is proposed to track a wider range of offsets than conventional proposals, without devoting specific pilot symbols for synchronization. This can be attained since, in coherent OFDM, channel estimation is usually performed employing pilot-symbol assisted-modulation (PSAM), based on inserting known symbols in the time-frequency grid. We show how this two-dimensional embedded signalling can also be used for frequency synchronization, with no need of additional synchronization symbols which reduce the data-rate. The ML estimator has been derived, but also, a frequency-domain low-complex estimator has been proposed, based on only the samples at pilot positions. Additionally, a novel decision-guided strategy is presented, working jointly with the channel-estimation signalling and reducing the variance of the estimation considerably. Also, the stability of the scheme is shown to get significantly better by averaging over a few OFDM symbols. This estimator is efficient against AWGN and multipath fading channels. Simulation results demonstrate that the presented frequency offset correction scheme provides the accuracy required in practical applications for OFDM wireless systems.
The Effect of Monohydroxy Polyether Polyols On the Processing, Reactivity, and Physical Properties Performance of Flexible Slabstock Foam Systems (1982)

This article reports on work which shows that as the level of monohydroxy polyether polyol was increased from 0.01 to 0.09 meq/gram, foam physical properties are not adversely affected. At levels of monohydroxy polyether polyol greater than 0.09 meq/gram, the loadbearing values show a significant downward trend.
Effect of crosslinker multiplicity on the gel point in ATRP (2010)

Abstract The experimental gelation was studied in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl acrylate (MA) with various branching reagents that structurally differ by the number of vinyl groups (multiplicity). MA was copolymerized with branching reagents containing 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 acrylate moieties per molecule, respectively. Reactions with a constant concentration of branching vinyl groups (the same molar ratio of [Vinyl branch ] 0 /[Initiator] 0 ) revealed a different gelation behavior when ethylene glycol diacrylate (2A) and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (3A) were used as crosslinkers, whereas the reactions using pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (4A) showed similar gelation behavior as compared to reactions using 3A. Additional reactions with dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate (5A) and hexafunctional acrylate crosslinkers (6A) revealed the presence of a concentration‐dependant gelation behavior. On the other hand, in reactions with the same molar concentration of various crosslinkers, gelation occurred at progressively lower MA conversions for reactions with an increasing number of vinyl groups per crosslinker. In addition, the number of unreacted pendant vinyl groups in the sols was compared for reactions with different multiplicity of the crosslinker and various ratios of [Vinyl branch ] 0 /[Initiator] 0 . Finally, a linear oligomeric crosslinker containing multiple branching vinyl groups along the side chain was used as the branching reagent for gelation. The gelation behavior during the ATRP of MA with the linear crosslinker was different as compared to the use of the aforementioned crosslinkers with a star‐like architecture. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 2016–2023, 2010
2-Plane Head-up display by using Single DLP-PGU (2018)

HUD（Head-up display）は自動車のフロントガラス越しにスピードや警告を虚像として表示される表示装置である，その視認性の高さから安全にドライバに情報を提示する手段として，近年急速に搭載車種が拡大している．今後はより安全かつ直観的に情報提示できる表示装置が求められ，HUDは視認性に加えて認知性が重要になってくる．このような将来的要求に訴求する二つの虚像面を有する2-Plane HUDを考案した．実現手段として，バイフォーカルミラーによって一つのDLP-PGU（Picture Generation Unit）から二つの中間像を得る手法および二つの中間像を一対の自由曲面鏡で拡大投影する手法を採用した．虚像の幾何光学的なシミュレーションの結果として，像歪み，結像性能を満足するHUDの成立性を示した．
Adaptive linear step-up procedures that control the false discovery rate (2006)

The linear step-up multiple testing procedure controls the false discovery rate at the desired level q for independent and positively dependent test statistics. When all null hypotheses are true, and the test statistics are independent and continuous, the bound is sharp. When some of the null hypotheses are not true, the procedure is conservative by a factor which is the proportion m-sub-0/m of the true null hypotheses among the hypotheses. We provide a new two-stage procedure in which the linear step-up procedure is used in stage one to estimate m-sub-0, providing a new level q′ which is used in the linear step-up procedure in the second stage. We prove that a general form of the two-stage procedure controls the false discovery rate at the desired level q. This framework enables us to study analytically the properties of other procedures that exist in the literature. A simulation study is presented that shows that two-stage adaptive procedures improve in power over the original procedure, mainly because they provide tighter control of the false discovery rate. We further study the performance of the current suggestions, some variations of the procedures, and previous suggestions, in the case where the test statistics are positively dependent, a case for which the original procedure controls the false discovery rate. In the setting studied here the newly proposed two-stage procedure is the only one that controls the false discovery rate. The procedures are illustrated with two examples of biological importance. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.
Expected File-Delivery Time of Deferred NAK ARQ in CCSDS File-Delivery Protocol (2004)

We analyze an automatic repeat-request (ARQ) scheme of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems file-delivery protocol for the single-hop file-transfer operation. With regard to performance measures, this paper is mainly concerned with the time taken to transfer a file (file-delivery time) and throughput efficiency. We discuss the ARQ timer-setting rule that minimizes the expected file-delivery time under the constraint that the throughput efficiency is maximized. Then, for that timer-setting rule, we derive the expected file-delivery time.
[Rapid tissue expansion]. (1989)

The authors, who already have a wide experience of classical tissue expansion with slow inflation of prostheses over about 8 weeks, now present their experience of very rapid, virtually intraoperative expansion for the treatment of large scars and moderately large cicatricial zones. The operative technique which they use is described and the postoperative results are analysed.
<title>Laser materials processing applications at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory</title> (1993)

Copper and dye laser systems are currently being developed at LLNL for uranium enrichment production facilities. The goals of this program are to develop low-cost, reliable and maintainable industrial laser systems. Chains of copper lasers currently operate at more than 1.5 kW output and achieve mean time between failures of more than 1000 hours. The beam quality of copper vapor lasers is approximately three times the diffraction limit. Dye lasers have near diffraction limited beam quality at greater than 1.0 kW. Diode laser pumped, Nd:YAG slab lasers are also being developed at LLNL. Current designs achieve powers of greater than 1.0 kW and projected beam quality is in the two to five times diffraction limited range. Results from cutting and drilling studies in titanium and stainless steel alloys show that cuts and holes with extremely fine features can be made with dye and copper-vapor lasers. High radiance beams produce low distortion and small heat-affected zones. We have accomplished very high aspect ratio holes in drilling tests (> 60:1) and features with micron scale (5 - 50 micrometers ) sizes.
Notizen: „Rheniumcarbonylwasserstoff“ und Methylpentacarbonylrhenium (1959)

Im Anschluß an Untersuchungen über Manganpentacarbonylwasserstoff, HMn (CO) 5 , und Alkylmangancarbonyle, Mn(CO) 5 R, gelang erstmals die Darstellung von Hydrogenpentacarbonyl-rhenium (–I), HRe (CO) 5 , und Methylpentacarbonylrhenium, CH 3 Re (CO) 5 , aus Alkalipentacarbonylrhenat (–I). Das Hydrid HRe(CO) 5 , eine luftempfindliche, bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur farblose Flüssigkeit, zersetzt sich erst oberhalb 100° in dimeres Rheniumpentacarbonyl und Wasserstoff. Die in farblosen Kristallen anfallende Methylverbindung ist sehr stabil, leicht flüchtig und schmilzt bei 120°. Insgesamt zeigen die Carbonylhydride und „Organometallcarbonyle“ von Mangan und Rhenium hinsichtlich ihrer Beständigkeit ein typisches Sonderverhalten.
Investigation of Physical and Electrochemical Properties of β-Ta<sub><i>x</i></sub>Nb<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>PO<sub>5</sub> as an Electrode Material for Lithium Batteries (2016)

The effect of intrinsic phase transitions and substitutions on the structural and electrochemical properties of monoclinic β-NbPO5 as an electrode material for lithium or lithium-ion batteries is explored for the first time. Isolation of lower voltage phase transitions of the pure β-NbPO5 was found to be highly effective in improving the long-term cycling stability of the material. An analogous impact to cycling stability was identified through the use of effective solid solutions based on cations such as Ta5+. Resulting materials exhibited excellent cycling stability, exceptionally low first cycle irreversible loss, and excellent 20C rate capability without the need for carbonaceous nanocomposites.