gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Hydrogels in the <i>In Vivo</i> Formation of Tissue-Engineered Bone Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (2007)

Availability of grafts and morbidity at the donor site limit autologous transplantation in patients requiring bone reconstruction. A tissue-engineering approach can overcome these limitations by producing bone-like tissue of custom shape and size from isolated cells. Several hydrogels facilitate osteogenesis on porous scaffolds; however, the relative suitability of various hydrogels has not been rigorously assessed. Fibrin glue, alginate, and collagen I hydrogels were mixed with swine bone marrow-derived differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), applied to 3-dimensionally printed porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) scaffolds and implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Although noninvasive assessment of osteogenesis in 3 dimensions is desirable for monitoring new bone formation in vivo, correlations with traditional histological and mechanical testing need to be established. High-resolution volumetric computed tomography (VCT) scanning, histological examination, biomechanical compression testing, and osteonectin (ON) expression were performed on excised scaffolds after 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of subcutaneous implantation in mice. Statistical correlation analyses were performed between radiological density, stiffness, and ON expression. Use of collagen I as a hydrogel carrier produced superior bone formation at 6 weeks, as demonstrated using VCT scanning with densities similar to native bone and the highest compression values. Continued contribution of the seeded MSCs was demonstrated using swine-specific messenger ribonucleic acid probes. Radiological density values correlated closely with the results of histological and biomechanical testing and ON expression. High-resolution VCT is a promising method for monitoring osteogenesis.
A Preliminary Study of Contamination Effects in a Bismuth Hall Thruster Environment (2005)

The properties of bismuth have been studied, motivated by potential spacecraft contamination effects of bismuth Hall thrusters. An extensive literature survey was conducted to obtain electrical, thermal, sputtering, and optical characteristics, as well as morphology and quantum size effects of thin films. Implications for contaminati on effects are discussed. The temperature -dependent balance between deposition, evaporation, and sputtering was also investigated. Deposition dominates over evaporation at essentially all locations around the thruster for typical spacecraft conditions. The sputter rate of emitted thruster ions on deposited films will compete effectively with the deposition rate in areas where energetic ions impinge. Accumulation of bulk deposition will occur in the backflow region unless control measures can mitigate the pr oblem.
The SIGAM mobility grades: a new population-specific measure for lower limb amputees (2003)

The SIGAM mobility grades represent a novel, valid, clinically useful measure of amputee mobility which is also sensitive to change.
Preparation of Tractable Platinum, Rhodium, and Ruthenium Nanoclusters with Small Particle Size in Organic Media (2000)

In the absence of any usual protective agent, stable platinum, rhodium, and ruthenium metal nanoclusters with small particle size in organic media are effectively prepared by heating corresponding metal hydroxide colloids in ethylene glycol containing NaOH for the first time. The average diameters of the Pt, Rh, and Ru nanoclusters determined by means of transmission electron microscopy are in a range from 1 to 2 nm. The particle size distribution in each colloidal solution is sharp, within 2 nm wide. Studies on the preparation conditions and some properties of the “unprotected” Pt metal nanoclusters have been carried out. By adjusting pH, it is convenient to separate the Pt nanocluster as a precipitate from glycol solvent, and the precipitated Pt nanoclusters can easily be “dissolved” in many organic solvents to form transparent Pt nanocluster solutions with high concentration in the absence of usual protective agents. The “unprotected” Pt nanoclusters can also be easily transformed to various protected Pt nanoclusters with the same Pt cores and can be extracted into toluene by forming PPh3-modified Pt clusters.
Review—Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Next-Generation Li-Ion Batteries: Chances and Challenges (2015)

International audience
Kinetic Separation of Hexane Isomers by Fixed-Bed Adsorption with a Microporous Metal−Organic Framework (2007)

A three-dimensional microporous metal-organic framework Zn(BDC)(Dabco)0.5 (BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, Dabco = 1,4-diazabicyclo [2,2,2]octane), having two types of intersecting pores to encapsulate linear hexane and to block branched hexanes, and thus exhibiting highly selective sorption with respect to n-hexane, has been successfully applied to the kinetic separation of hexane isomers by fixed-bed adsorption.
Dermoscopy of Malignant Skin Tumours: What's New? (2017)

Dermoscopy represents a new and effective tool that assists dermatologists in improving the accuracy of clinical diagnosis in onco-dermatology. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the latest and important dermoscopic progress and observations in this ever-evolving field of dermatology.
Deviation detection of industrial processes (2004)

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a disease with a major economic impact in the global pig industry, and this study aims to identify potential anti-PRRSV drugs. We examined the cytotoxicity of four medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) (caprylic, caprylic monoglyceride, decanoic monoglyceride, and monolaurin) and their inhibition rate against PRRSV. Then the MCFAs with the best anti-PRRSV effect in in vitro assays were selected for subsequent in vivo experiments. Potential anti-PRRSV drugs were evaluated by viral load assay, pathological assay, and cytokine level determination. The results showed that caprylic monoglyceride (CMG) was the least toxic to cells of the four MCFAs, while it had the highest PRRSV inhibition rate. Then the animals were divided into a low-CMG group, a medium-CMG group, and a high-CMG group to conduct the in vivo evaluation. The results indicated that piglets treated with higher concentrations of caprylic monoglyceride were associated with lower mortality and lower viral load after PRRSV infection (p < 0.05). The pulmonary pathology of the piglets also improved after CMG treatment. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α) were significantly downregulated, and the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) were significantly upregulated in the CMG-treated piglets compared to the positive control group (p < 0.05). Taken together, the present study revealed for the first time that caprylic monoglyceride has strong antiviral activity against PRRSV in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that caprylic monoglyceride could potentially be used as a drug to treat PRRS infection.
Modeling nonlinear features of V tail aircraft using MNN (1995)

The nonlinear stability and control modeling involves a very popular high performance general aviation aircraft that uses a "V" tail assembly instead of the traditional inverted "T" tail. The nonlinear response features of this aircraft result from a well developed Dutch roll mode and are caused by a dynamic stall phenomenon that occurs on the V tail during the maneuver. A new approach using multilayered neural network (MNN) for modeling the nonlinear features of this aircraft is suggested here. Both the conventional backpropagation (BP) and the extended Kalman filter (EKF)-based learning algorithm are used for training the neural network. Simulation results that confirm the efficacy of the method are given. Further, performance comparison of the EKF-based and the conventional BP algorithm is made to highlight the effectiveness of the EKF-based learning algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Real-time simulation on FPGA of a permanent magnet synchronous machine drive using a finite-element based model (2008)

This paper presents the development of high fidelity real-time model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive, to be used in hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) application. The PMSM model is based on a finite-element analysis (FEA) method and implemented on an FPGA chip. The motor inductances and flux maps are computed from the JMAG-RT finite element analysis software. A 3-phase IGBT inverter drives the PMSM machine. Both models are designed in Simulink using the Xilinx Blockset and then automatically compiled and loaded on the FPGA using the RT-LAB real-time simulation platform. The complete PMSM drive model runs with an equivalent 10 nanosecond time step and has a latency of 300 ns (PMSM machine and inverter), with a total HIL delay from external PWM inputs to analog outputs with 1 microsecond settling time on the FPGA of just 1.3 microseconds.
ORYZOXYMYCIN, A NEW ANTIBIOTIC (1968)

A new antibiotic, oryzoxymycin (C21H30N2O10, m. w. 470.47; λmax 285 mμ in 0.1N HCl; [α]25D +240°, c=1, in H2O), inhibiting Xanthomonas oryzae was isolated. The producing strain was classified as Streptomyces venezuelae var. oryzoxymyceticus. Production, isolation, purification and physico-chemical preperties of this antibiotic are described.
Ludwig: a type-based declarative deep learning toolbox (2019)

In this work we present Ludwig, a flexible, extensible and easy to use toolbox which allows users to train deep learning models and use them for obtaining predictions without writing code. Ludwig implements a novel approach to deep learning model building based on two main abstractions: data types and declarative configuration files. The data type abstraction allows for easier code and sub-model reuse, and the standardized interfaces imposed by this abstraction allow for encapsulation and make the code easy to extend. Declarative model definition configuration files enable inexperienced users to obtain effective models and increase the productivity of expert users. Alongside these two innovations, Ludwig introduces a general modularized deep learning architecture called Encoder-Combiner-Decoder that can be instantiated to perform a vast amount of machine learning tasks. These innovations make it possible for engineers, scientists from other fields and, in general, a much broader audience to adopt deep learning models for their tasks, concretely helping in its democratization.
CQI Reporting Strategy for Multi-SIM UEs (2016)

User Equipments (UEs) which support simultaneous activity from Multiple Active Subscriber Identities (Multi-SIM) has gained popularity within the last years. Such UEs are forced to discard data on one of the SIMs when both try to access the Radio Frequency (RF) interface simultaneously, creating gaps in the data transfer. The discarded data due to Multi-SIM gaps, along with channel errors, significantly increase the probability of high latency data subframes. High latency increases the probability of data subframes being discarded. In this paper we present an algorithm with which it is possible to decrease the probability of discarded data subframes due to high latency. The algorithm takes advantage of the fact that the connections of each SIMs are unaligned and therefore gaps will only cover some timeslots partially. In such a case, it is possible to recover data using existing error correction coding, if the amount of corrupted bits corresponds to the error correction capability of the code. We investigate the performance of the algorithm using a link level simulator in respect to KPIs; overall throughput, decrease in subframe loss probability, and block error rate. The algorithm is tested in three different radio conditions as they comprise different restrictions to the algorithm. We show how the algorithm significantly decreases the subframe loss probability due to Multi-SIM, without significant impact on the overall throughput.
CraMs: Craniometric Analysis Application Using 3D Skull Models (2015)

Craniometric analysis plays an important role in anthropology studies and forensics. This paper presents CraMs, an application using a new craniometric approach based on 3D models of the skull. The main objective is to obtain, through a process supervised by anthropologists, the main points of interest used to compute craniometric measurements. The application aids this process by analyzing the skull geometry and automatically providing points of interest. The application also allows for semiautomatic point detection, where the user provides an initial guess that might be refined based on the curvature of the skull, as well as the manual selection of any other points of interest. Moreover, results comparing measurements obtained with CraMs and traditional craniometry methods on eight skulls suggest that the application provides comparable craniometric measurements and lower inter-observer variability. This approach offers advantages such as an easier access to skulls with no risk of bone damage and the possibility of defining new measurements based on morphology or other skull characteristics, which are not possible using traditional methods.
Ultrasensitive Detection of Ebola Virus Oligonucleotide Based on Upconversion Nanoprobe/Nanoporous Membrane System (2015)

Ebola outbreaks are currently of great concern, and therefore, development of effective diagnosis methods is urgently needed. The key for lethal virus detection is high sensitivity, since early-stage detection of virus may increase the probability of survival. Here, we propose a luminescence scheme of assay consisting of BaGdF5:Yb/Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) conjugated with oligonucleotide probe and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) linked with target Ebola virus oligonucleotide. As a proof of concept, a homogeneous assay was fabricated and tested, yielding a detection limit at picomolar level. The luminescence resonance energy transfer is ascribed to the spectral overlapping of upconversion luminescence and the absorption characteristics of AuNPs. Moreover, we anchored the UCNPs and AuNPs on a nanoporous alumina (NAAO) membrane to form a heterogeneous assay. Importantly, the detection limit was greatly improved, exhibiting a remarkable value at the femtomolar level. The enhancement is attributed to the increased light-matter interaction throughout the nanopore walls of the NAAO membrane. The specificity test suggested that the nanoprobes were specific to Ebola virus oligonucleotides. The strategy combining UCNPs, AuNPs, and NAAO membrane provides new insight into low-cost, rapid, and ultrasensitive detection of different diseases. Furthermore, we explored the feasibility of clinical application by using inactivated Ebola virus samples. The detection results showed great potential of our heterogeneous design for practical application.
Microwave GaAs FET Switching (2005)

Microwave switching using GaAs field effect transistors offers very high speed and low drive control power. Using arrays of such FETs, an 8 x 8 switch matrix was constructed for 4 GHz SS-TDMA spacecraft applications which achieved 1 ns transition time at 10 mW drive control power. Matrix isolation over 500 MHz bandwidth was 50 dB.
A new pathway of autotrophic growth utilizing carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide and hydrogen. (1986)

The discovery of a pathway of autotrophic growth is described in which carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide and hydrogen is used as the source of carbon and energy. Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase is the central enzyme catalyzing the final steps in the synthesis of acetyl-CoA which is utilized in the anabolic reactions.
Essentials of business budgeting (1995)

Now readers can acquire the budgeting know-how needed to master the budgeting process--without an accounting background. This concise guide provides readers with all the skills they need to participate in the budgeting process and turn it into a powerful decision-making tool.
Molecular Analyses of the Metallothionein Gene Family in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) (2006)

Metallothioneins are a group of low molecular mass and cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins, ubiquitously found in most living organisms. They play an important role in maintaining intracellular metal homeostasis, eliminating metal toxification and protecting against intracellular oxidative damages. Analysis of complete rice genome sequences revealed eleven genes encoding putative metallothionein (OsMT), indicating that OsMTs constitute a small gene family in rice. Expression profiling revealed that each member of the OsMT gene family differs not only in sequence but also in their tissue expression patterns, suggesting that these isoforms may have different functions they perform in specific tissues. On the basis of OsMT structural and phylogenetic analysis, the OsMT family was classified as two classes and class I was subdivided into four types. Additionally, in this paper we also present a complete overview of this family, describing the gene structure, genome localization, upstream regulatory element, and exon/intron organization of each member in order to provide valuable insight into this OsMT gene family.
Comparison of flash lidar detector options (2017)

Three lidar receiver technologies using the total laser energy required to perform a set of imaging tasks are compared. The tasks are combinations of two collection types (3-D mapping from near and far), two scene types (foliated and unobscured), and three types of data products (geometry only, geometry plus 3-bit intensity, and geometry plus 6-bit intensity). The receiver technologies are based on Geiger mode avalanche photodiodes (GMAPD), linear mode avalanche photodiodes (LMAPD), and optical time-of-flight lidar, which combine rapid polarization rotation of the image and dual low-bandwidth cameras to generate a 3-D image. We choose scenarios to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of various lidars. We consider HgCdTe and InGaAs variations of LMAPD cameras. The InGaAs GMAPD and the HgCdTe LMAPD cameras required the least energy to 3-D map both scenarios for bare earth, with the GMAPD taking slightly less energy. We comment on the strengths and weaknesses of each receiver technology. Six bits of intensity gray levels requires substantial energy using all camera modalities.
Aberrant Cell Cycle Regulation in Cervical Carcinoma (2005)

Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) have been identified as the major etiological factor in cervical carcinogenesis. However, the time lag between HPV infection and the diagnosis of cancer indicates that multiple steps, as well as multiple factors, may be necessary for the development of cervical cancer. The development and progression of cervical carcinoma have been shown to be dependent on various genetic and epigenetic events, especially alterations in the cell cycle checkpoint machinery. In mammalian cells, control of the cell cycle is regulated by the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their essential activating coenzymes, the cyclins. Generally, CDKs, cyclins, and CDK inhibitors function within several pathways, including the p16(INK4A)-cyclin D1-CDK4/6-pRb-E2F, p21(WAF1)- p27(KIP1)-cyclinE-CDK2, and p14(ARF)-MDM2-p53 pathways. The results from several studies showed aberrant regulation of several cell cycle proteins, such as cyclin D, cyclin E, p16(INK4A), p21(WAF1), and p27(KIP1), as characteristic features of HPV- infected and HPV E6/E7 oncogene-expressing cervical carcinomas and their precursors. These data suggested further that interactions of viral proteins with host cellular proteins, particularly cell cycle proteins, are involved in the activation or repression of cell cycle progression in cervical carcinogenesis.
Micro Parallel Liquid Chromatography for High-Throughput Compound Purity Analysis and Early ADMET Profiling (2004)

The Nanostream (Pasadena, CA) Veloce system, together with 24-column Brio cartridges, offers a novel approach to micro parallel liquid chromatography (μPLC). This system allows users to achieve unprecedented throughput for standard assays while matching the performance of conventional LC instrumentation, thus enabling routine compound purity assessment and physiochemical property profiling early in the drug discovery and development process. The Veloce system—which includes instrumentation, software, and replaceable microfluidic cartridges—incorporates pressure-driven flow to achieve chromatograms comparable to conventional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) instrumentation for a broad class of analytical applications while offering a dramatic increase in sample analysis capacity. The system enables parallel chromatographic separations and simultaneous, real-time UV detection. Each Nanostream Brio cartridge, made of polymeric materials, incorporates 24 columns packed with standard (C-18) stationary phase material to achieve reverse phase separations. Mixing and distribution of the mobile phase to each of the 24 columns is precisely controlled in each cartridge. The system provides an ideal platform to accelerate assessment of compound purity and physicochemical properties (i.e., log P, CHI, etc.) for a large number of compounds. In addition, the 24-fold increase in sample analysis capacity allows standard curve generation and simultaneous analysis of multiple replicates of samples in a single run. (JALA 2004;9:185-91)
High stability, low loss dielectrics in the system BaO-Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub>-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (1980)

Abstract By addition of 5–10% Bi2Ti2O7 to powders with composition in the vicinity of BaNd2Ti5O14, temperature coefficient of permittivity of sintered ceramics may be decreased from approximately −100 ppm/°K to −25 ppm/°K. Dense, fine grained ceramics were prepared with permittivity within the range of 70–90 and tan δ below 3 × 10−4.
Substrate-enhanced infrared near-field spectroscopy (2008)

We study the amplitude and phase signals detected in infrared scattering-type near field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) when probing a thin sample layer on a substrate. We theoretically describe this situation by solving the electromagnetic scattering of a dipole near a planar sample consisting of a substrate covered by thin layers. We perform calculations to describe the effect of both weakly (Si and SiO(2)) and strongly (Au) reflecting substrates on the spectral s-SNOM signal of a thin PMMA layer. We theoretically predict, and experimentally confirm an enhancement effect in the polymer vibrational spectrum when placed on strongly reflecting substrates. We also calculate the scattered fields for a resonant tip-substrate interaction, obtaining a dramatic enhancement of the signal amplitude and spectroscopic contrast of the sample layer, together with a change of the spectral line shape. The enhanced contrast opens the possibility to perform ultra-sensitive near field infrared spectroscopy of monolayers and biomolecules.
‘Sweet Order and Arrangement’: Victorian Women Edit John Ruskin (2001)

'Sweet Order and Arrangement': Victorian Women Edit John Ruskin Get access Christina Rieger Christina Rieger 1Mercyhurst College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Victorian Culture, Volume 6, Issue 2, January 2001, Pages 231–249, https://doi.org/10.3366/jvc.2001.6.2.231 Published: 01 January 2001