gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bounded-width polynomial-size branching programs recognize exactly those languages in <i>NC</i><sup>1</sup> (1986)

Article Bounded-width polynomial-size branching programs recognize exactly those languages in NC1 Share on Author: D A Barrington Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims STOC '86: Proceedings of the eighteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computingNovember 1986 Pages 1–5https://doi.org/10.1145/12130.12131Online:01 November 1986Publication History 113citation1,087DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations113Total Downloads1,087Last 12 Months19Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
The Fundamental Issues of Pen-Based Interaction with Tablet Devices (2014)

Although pens and paper are pervasive in the analog world, their digital counterparts, styli and tablets, have yet to achieve the same adoption or frequency of use. Digital styli should provide a natural, intuitive method to take notes, annotate, and sketch, but have yet to reach their full potential. There has been surprisingly little research focused on understanding why inking experiences differ so vastly between analog and digital media and amongst various styli themselves. To enrich our knowledge on the stylus experience, this thesis contributes a foundational understanding of the factors implicated in the varied experiences found within the stylus ecosystem today. The thesis first reports on an exploratory study utilizing traditional pen and paper and tablets and styli that observed quantitative and behavioural data, in addition to preferential opinions, to understand current inking experiences. The exploration uncovered the significant impact latency, unintended touch, and stylus accuracy have on the user experience, whilst also determining the increasing importance of stylus and device aesthetics and stroke beautification. The observed behavioural adaptations and quantitative measurements dictated the direction of the research presented herein. A systematic approach was then taken to gather a deeper understanding of device latency and stylus accuracy. A series of experiments garnered insight into latency and accuracy, examining the underlying elements that result in the lackluster experiences found today. The results underscored the importance of visual feedback, user expectations, and perceptual limitations on user performance and satisfaction. The proposed Latency Perception Model has provided a cohesive understanding of touch- and pen-based latency perception, and a solid foundation upon which future explorations of latency can occur. The thesis also presents an in-depth exploration of unintended touch. The data collection and analysis underscored the importance of stylus information and the use of additional data sources for solving unintended touch. The behavioral observations reemphasized the importance of designing devices and interfaces that support natural, fluid interaction and suggested hardware and software advancements necessary in the future. The commentary on the interaction - rejection dichotomy should be of great value to developers of unintended touch solutions along with designers of next-generation interaction techniques and styli. The thesis then concludes with a commentary on the areas of the stylus ecosystem that would benefit from increased attention and focus in the years to come and future technological advancements that could present interesting challenges in the future.
Formation of Mesoporous Carbon With a Face‐Centered‐Cubic <i>Fd</i>$\bar 3$<i>m</i> Structure and Bimodal Architectural Pores From the Reverse Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymer PPO‐PEO‐PPO (2006)

From polymer templates to mesoporous materials: With the reverse amphiphilic triblock copolymer PPO-PEO-PPO and a resol resin precursor an organic–organic self-assembly process leads to the formation of an ordered polymer and a carbon mesostructure with a face-centered-cubic Fdm symmetry and bimodal pores (see scheme). PPO=polypropylenoxide, PEO=polyethylenoxide. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z603665_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Multikilojoule inductive modulator with solid-state opening switches (1992)

A four-stage inductive storage XRAM (inverse MARX) circuit was used to amplify current and power. By means of switching action, individual inductors are charged in series and discharged in parallel to the load. A microprocessor controls the timing of the switches, which results in a predetermined load current waveform. The use of present asymmetric GTOs at much higher currents than rated allowed the amplification and shaping of a 2.5 kA charging current to 9.6 kA at the load. An energy of 25 kJ was transferred to the load, yielding 84% efficiency. The losses were mainly due to the winding resistance of the inductors. With the best-performance commercially available GTOs, this circuit may deliver over 100 kJ with an energy density of 1.6 kJ/kg. Simulation and experimental results are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intraoral approach for imaging teeth using the transverse <i>B</i> <sub>1</sub> field components of an occlusally oriented loop coil (2013)

The transverse components of the B1 field of a surface coil can effectively be used for imaging of teeth and associated structures.
Bacterial Cinnamoyl Esterase Activity Screening for the Production of a Novel Functional Food Product (2007)

Lactobacillus helveticus MIMLh5 was selected for its strong cinnamoyl esterase activity on chlorogenic acid and employed for the preparation of a food product containing a high concentration of free caffeic acid. The novel food product was demonstrated to display high total antioxidant power and potential probiotic properties.
Trends in esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence and mortality (2012)

EAC incidence and IB mortality rates continue to rise in the United States, although at a slower rate in more recent years. In early-stage cancers, IB mortality and incidence rates have diverged primarily because IB mortality rates have plateaued beginning in the late 1990s. Although EAC continues to be less common in women, the rate of increase in EAC incidence is similar in both sexes.
Phytocoris Fallen[long dash]twelve new species from the western United States (Hemiptera, Miridae) (1934)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Interaction of Tyrosine-Based Sorting Signals with Clathrin-Associated Proteins (1995)

Tyrosine-based signals within the cytoplasmic domain of integral membrane proteins mediate clathrin-dependent protein sorting in the endocytic and secretory pathways. A yeast two-hybrid system was used to identify proteins that bind to tyrosine-based signals. The medium chains (mu 1 and mu 2) of two clathrin-associated protein complexes (AP-1 and AP-2, respectively) specifically interacted with tyrosine-based signals of several integral membrane proteins. The interaction was confirmed by in vitro binding assays. Thus, it is likely that the medium chains serve as signal-binding components of the clathrin-dependent sorting machinery.
Effective medium modeling of velocity dispersion and attenuation in isotropic rocks (2017)

Calculation of the velocity of elastic waves that propagate in saturated rocks is complicated by many dispersion and attenuation mechanisms. Wave-induced fluid flow at pore and mesoscopic scales is responsible for substantial dispersion and attenuation effects. In addition, dispersion and attenuation phenomena in rocks are due to spatial heterogeneities in density and elastic properties. Whenever the wavelength of a propagating wave is of the same scale as the size of the pores, dispersion takes place in the form of multiple scattering. We have developed an effective medium model that reproduced the combined effects on acoustic velocities of four wave-attenuation mechanisms by replicating results predicted by existing models in saturated isotropic rocks, Biot’s and squirt flow, and acoustic scattering from spherical pores and randomly oriented penny-shaped cracks. First, the strengthening of rocks and wave velocity increase with frequency associated with fluid-related dispersion was modeled by introducing the concept of complex-valued and frequency-dependent equivalent moduli for the solid background. Effective properties were calculated by invoking the newly defined dynamic solid moduli and the classic self-consistent approximation theory. Second, we replicated the geometric effect of idealized spherical and spheroidal porous inclusions on propagating waves with two existing dynamic self-consistent embedding schemes. In doing so, we explicitly derived the equations of the self-consistent model previously developed for the analysis of waves that propagated in a rock containing randomly oriented cracks. Finally, we established an original procedure to combine all dispersion effects into one simple workflow. We examined the performance of the model for a variety of cases, and consideration was given to the possibility of quantifying petrophysical and rock-physics parameters, such as the presence and shape of porous inclusions, permeability, and fluid viscosity, from seismic, sonic, and ultrasonic measurements.
Evaluation of Global and Regional Left Ventricular Function Using Two‐Dimensional and M‐Mode Echocardiography in Patients With an Automatic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (1988)

The effects of glued epicardial patch electrodes of the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator on the left ventricular function was studied by two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography in 15 patients. Pre- and postoperative end-diastolic and end-systolic left ventricular cross-sectional areas were evaluated using planimetry. Regional left ventricular wall motion at the level of the left ventricular patch electrode was analyzed by two end-diastolic and end-systolic perpendicular axes. Left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters as well as E-point-septal-separation and fractional shortening were analyzed using M-mode echocardiography. The mean time interval between preoperative echocardiograms and implantation of the automatic defibrillator was 0.3 X 1.3 (less than 1-2) months. Postoperative echocardiograms were recorded 6.6 +/- 6.9 (0.5-24) months after implantation of the device. There were no significant differences between pre- and postoperative mean values of end-diastolic and end-systolic areas and axes as well as M-mode echocardiographic parameters. Our data show that left ventricular patch electrodes do not significantly alter global or regional left ventricular function in patients after implantation of the automatic defibrillator.
Synthesis, spectroscopy and metallation of mixed carbaporphyrinoid systems (2002)

Modified tripyrranes incorporating furan and thiophene rings were found to condense with benzene, pyridine and indene dialdehydes to give a series of novel porphyrin analogues, including thia- and oxa-carbaporphyrins; the latter readily forms nickel(II) and palladium(II) organometallic complexes.
Synthesis of (−)-3-Amino-3-deoxyquinic Acid (1998)

An efficient synthesis of 3-amino-3-deoxyquinic acid, starting from (−)-quinic acid, is reported and its importance for the biosynthesis of 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid, the precursor of mC7N-units in ansamycin and mitomycin antibiotics is discussed.
Speckle reduction in pulse-echo ultrasonic imaging using a two-dimensional receiving array (1992)

An experimental pulse-echo imager was developed for the purpose of reducing speckle in ultrasonic images. The system utilized a 64-element spherically focused segmented annuli array receiver with a common transmitter. Compounded images were formed using subapertures of varying size, shape, and overlap, and the speckle and resolution characteristics of the final images were observed. A pointlike scatterer was imaged to determine the resolution, point spread function, and sensitivity of the system along with a new measure called the resolution cell size. The response of the system was also simulated for comparisons. It was found that lateral resolution, and resolution cell sizes only gradually increased with a decrease in subaperture size and system sensitivity was not greatly diminished. Incoherent summation of signals from small groups of elements decreased the speckle noise by a factor of four while maintaining enough resolution to improve the image quality as measured by the CSR/d by a factor of almost two.
Noninvasive sorting of stem cell aggregates based on intrinsic markers (2014)

Noninvasive biomarkers hold important potential for the characterization and purification of stem cells because the addition of exogenous labels, probes, or reporters, as well as the disruption of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, can unintentionally but dramatically alter stem cell state. We recently showed that intensity of the intrinsically fluorescent metabolite, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), fluctuates predictably with changes in stem cell viability and differentiation state. Here, we use multiphoton flow cytometry developed in our laboratory to rapidly and noninvasively characterize and purify populations of intact stem cell aggregates based on NADH intensity and assessed the differentiation capacity of sorted populations. We found removal of aggregates with NADH intensity indicative of cell death resulted in a remaining population of aggregates significantly more likely to produce beating cardiomyocytes (26% vs. 8%, P < 0.05). Similarly, we found isolation of stem cell aggregates with NADH intensity indicative of future cardiac differentiation gave rise to more aggregates with beating cardiomyocytes at later time points (50% vs. 28%, P < 0.05). Further, coupling NADH intensity with gating based on size, enhances the enrichment for EBs capable of giving rise to cardiomyocytes (59% vs. 27%, P < 0.05). Thus, we demonstrate that endogenous properties of cell aggregates, such as NADH and size, can serve as gating parameters for large particle sorting devices to purify populations of stem cells or their progeny in a noninvasive manner, leading the way for improved therapeutic applications.
Analysis of derivatized prostaglandins by capillary supercritical fluid chromatography with a phosphorus-selective detector (1998)

Model prostaglandins were reacted with dimethylthiophosphinic chloride to form suitable derivatives using dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst for supercritical fluid chromatography with thermionic detection. The high sensitivity of this phosphorus-selective detector makes it feasible to detect biologically important prostaglandins and related metabolites in physiological fluids at nanogram-per-milliliter concentrations. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Micro Sep 10: 27–32, 1998
Studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms. 113. Pencolide, a nitrogen-containing metabolite of <i>Penicillium multicolor</i> Grigorieva-Manilova and Poradielova (1963)

Several strains of the mould Penicillium multicolor Grigorieva-Manilova and Poradielova have been shown to produce, in the mycelium, sclerotiorin (Birkinshaw, 1952), a chlorine-containing pigment, the complete structure of which was
Glucose-Residue Polymers as Protectants against Heat Denaturation of Whey Proteins (1971)

Thirty materials, 25 made up of varying numbers of glucose residue polymers (glu-cons} and 5 others) were tested for their potential to protect whey proteins during heat treatment and for their influence on fermentation media subsequently prepared from the wheys. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the proteins was made on unheated control, untreated, treated, pasteurized, and autoclaved wheys; and on supplemented whey media. Densitometrie plots of the gels evaluated whey protein bands according to the Melachouris and Tuckey classification ( Two chemically defined pectins and two chemically defined dextrins (40 to 60 glucose residues) were effective protectants; the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide was proportional to protein denaturation by previous heat treatment of the wheys. Fermentation media prepared with the wheys were afforded similar whey protein protection.
Enhanced pool-boiling heat transfer and critical heat flux using femtosecond laser surface processing (2014)

In this paper, we present the experimental investigation of pool boiling heat transfer on multiscale (micro/nano) functionalized metallic surfaces. The multiscale structures were fabricated via a femtosecond laser surface process (FLSP) technique which forms mound-like microstructures covered by layers of nanoparticles. Using a pool boiling experimental setup with deionized water as the working fluid, both the heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux were investigated. The polished reference sample was found to have a critical heat flux of 91 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 40 °C of superheat and a maximum heat transfer coefficient of 23,000 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -K. The processed sample was found to have a critical heat flux of 122 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 18 °C superheat and a maximum heat transfer coefficient of 67,400 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -K. Flow visualization revealed nucleate boiling to be the main two-phase heat transfer mechanism. The overall heat transfer performance of the metallic multiscale structured surface has been attributed to both augmented heat transfer surface area and enhanced nucleate boiling regime. On the other hand, increase in the critical heat flux can be attributed to the superhydrophilic nature of the laser processed surface and the presence of nanoparticle layers.
Miller, Jenkins, and the Definition of Obscenity (1975)

Miller, Jenkins, And The Definition Of Obscenity
Neural Network Model of Context-Dependent Neuronal Activity in Inferotemporal Cortex (2006)

Neuronal activities related to context-dependent recall have been found in the monkey inferotemporal cortex. If we set the same task for an artificial neural network, however, a serious computational difficulty arises. In the present paper, we overcome this difficulty by implementing a novel method of contextual modulation, termed selective desensitization, and construct a neural network model that performs the same context-dependent memory task as that assigned to the monkey. The model, being consistent with the anatomical structure of the inferotemporal lobe, as well as with physiological findings, not only reproduces the empirical data well but also gives a clear account for a phenomenon that had not been explicable to date. This strongly suggests that the brain implements context-dependent recall based on the same principle as adopted in the model.
Future Paradigm for Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation: Tumor Purging and <i>Ex Vivo</i> Production of Normal Stem and Progenitor Cells (1994)

A major concern in autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) is the possible contamination of the graft with tumor cells. Transplantation of malignant cells, along with normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, may contribute to relapse of disease. Therefore, a growing strategy is to subject autologous marrow to some type of purging procedure to eliminate tumor cells selectively. Transplantation of purged marrow, however, often results in a delayed engraftment associated with (specific or nonspecific) loss of normal stem and progenitor cells during manipulations related to the purging process. A new and burgeoning field in the area of clinical bone marrow transplantation is the ex vivo production of stem and progenitor cells. Several advantages accrue to this strategy. First, this technology makes it possible to expand the stem and progenitor cell population of a small volume of bone marrow or mobilized peripheral blood (MPB), thus lessening the initial tumor burden to be purged. Secondly, ex vivo marrow or MPB expansion may overcome the significant problem of delayed engraftment by rebuilding the numbers of normal stem and progenitor cells necessary for both early and durable engraftment. To accomplish these and other objectives, an automated and closed, clinical-scale bioreactor system, based on continuous perfusion technology, is being developed and will soon enter clinical trials.
Protein Thiocarboxylate-Dependent Methionine Biosynthesis in <i>Wolinella succinogenes</i> (2010)

Thiocarboxylated proteins are important intermediates in a variety of biochemical sulfide transfer reactions. Here we identify a protein thiocarboxylate-dependent methionine biosynthetic pathway in Wolinella succinogenes. In this pathway, the carboxy terminal alanine of a novel sulfur transfer protein, HcyS-Ala, is removed in a reaction catalyzed by a metalloprotease, HcyD. HcyF, an ATP-utilizing enzyme, catalyzes the adenylation of HcyS. HcyS acyl-adenylate then undergoes nucleophilic substitution by bisulfide produced by Sir to give the HcyS thiocarboxylate. This adds to O-acetylhomoserine to give HcyS-homocysteine in a PLP-dependent reaction catalyzed by MetY. HcyD-mediated hydrolysis liberates homocysteine. A final methylation completes the biosynthesis. The biosynthetic gene cluster also encodes the enzymes involved in the conversion of sulfate to sulfide suggesting that sulfate is the sulfur source for protein thiocarboxylate formation in this system.
Management of Lung Cancer in Older Adults (2003)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. At the time of diagnosis, most patients are older than 65 years and have Stage III or IV disease. More than 80% of patients have non-small cell lung cancer and the rest have small cell lung cancer. Age is not a significant prognostic factor for overall survival and response to treatment for patients with either type of lung cancer. Treatment options should be tailored to older patients based on the same selection process and benefits seen in the population as a whole. This article reviews the available data regarding surgery, radiation, and systemic treatment for older patients with lung cancer and considers the role of geriatric assessment in the evaluation of older patients.