gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D near-surface velocity model building by joint seismic-airborne EM inversion (2016)

We propose here a methodology to build near-surface velocity models by joint inversion of traveltime and high-resolution airborne EM (AEM) data. The resulting velocity and resistivity models are steered to be structurally similar through the inclusion of a cross-gradient term in the objective function. The inversion is stable and results in better-fitting velocity and resistivity models. The resulting velocity model is then used to compute statics corrections on pre-stack seismic data. We tested the method on high-quality coincident 3D seismic and AEM data from Canada by computing three different near-surface velocity models: Model 1 is a traveltime tomography using the first breaks of all the seismic shots and receivers, Models 2 and 3 are a traveltime tomography and a joint seismic-AEM inversion with a limited number of shots. The resulting stacks using statics corrections from Models 1 and 3 are very similar but the stack using Model 2 is not as sharp as the others. Our results suggest that adding AEM data to a seismic dataset with fewer shots produces seismic images as good as when a large number of shots are included. Presentation Date: Wednesday, October 19, 2016 Start Time: 11:10:00 AM Location: 174 Presentation Type: ORAL
Los Viajes de B. y J (2008)

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that there is an independent association between the three concepts of psychosocial factors, social network, social support, social influence and blood pressure (see Materials and methods for definition). The study sample chosen (n = 621) comprised a randomly selected group of half the male residents of Malmö born in 1914, 500 (80.5%) of whom participated. A study based on a model with clearly defined criteria was used to measure the different aspects of social network, social support and social influence. In multiple regression analysis, social anchorage (a subconcept of social network) was shown to have an association with both systolic (P = 0.03) and diastolic blood pressure (P less than 0.001), when adjustments for social class, marital status, medication for hypertension, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, body mass index (BMI) and physical activity were made. Social anchorage is a concept on a structural level, that describes to what degree the individual belongs to and is anchored within formal and informal groups in society. As such, it may contribute to a deeper understanding of mechanisms behind high blood pressure and could thus be significant in the field of health promotion.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Optimized Inhibitors of the Mitotic Kinesin Kif18A (2014)

The mitotic spindle, a highly dynamic structure composed of microtubules, mediates the segregation of the previously duplicated genome into the two nascent daughter cells. Errors in this process contribute to pathology including tumor formation. Key for the shape and function of the mitotic spindle are kinesins, molecular motor proteins that convert chemical energy into mechanical work. Due to their fast mode of action, small molecules are valuable tools to dissect the dynamic functions of kinesins during mitosis. In this study, we report the identification of optimized small molecule inhibitors of the mitotic kinesin Kif18A. Using BTB-1, the first identified Kif18A inhibitor, as a lead compound, we synthesized a collection of derivatives. We demonstrate that some of the synthesized derivatives potently inhibited the ATPase activity of Kif18A with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value in the low micromolar range. In vitro analysis of a panel of Kif18A-related kinesins revealed that the two most potent compounds show improved selectivity compared to BTB-1. Structure-activity relationship studies identified substituents mediating undesired inhibitory effects on microtubule polymerization. In summary, our study provides key insights into the mechanism of action of BTB-1 and its analogs, which will have a great impact on the further development of highly selective and bioactive Kif18A inhibitors. Since Kif18A is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, such compounds are not only of great interest for basic research but also have the potential to open up new strategies for the treatment of human diseases.
The Effect of pH, Temperature and Certain Media Constituents on the Stability and Activity of the Preservative, Bronopol (1981)

Various workers have obtained seemingly contradictory results for the activity of the preservative, bronopol. The effect of pH, temperature and certain media constituents on the stability and activity of bronopol has been investigated. Bronopol has been found to be more active at higher pH values but also breaks down at a faster rate. If the activity of bronopol is measured by a system that takes a few minutes, then the true effect of pH on activity is assessed. If, however, the method takes several hours, especially in the presence of certain media constituents, then the compound may decompose significantly and the response to the compound thereby be influenced.
A Survey on Data‐Driven Video Completion (2014)

Abstract Image completion techniques aim to complete selected regions of an image in a natural looking manner with little or no user interaction. Video Completion, the space–time equivalent of the image completion problem, inherits and extends both the difficulties and the solutions of the original 2D problem, but also imposes new ones—mainly temporal coherency and space complexity (videos contain significantly more information than images). Data‐driven approaches to completion have been established as a favoured choice, especially when large regions have to be filled. In this survey, we present the current state of the art in data‐driven video completion techniques. For unacquainted researchers, we aim to provide a broad yet easy to follow introduction to the subject (including an extensive review of the image completion foundations) and early guidance to the challenges ahead. For a versed reader, we offer a comprehensive review of the contemporary techniques, sectioned out by their approaches to key aspects of the problem.
Disability in Older Adults: Evidence Regarding Significance, Etiology, and Risk (1997)

Available evidence now suggests clinical approaches to both treatment and prevention of disability and directions for defining optimal clinical care for the future.
Specification and Complexity of Collaborative Text Editing (2016)

Collaborative text editing systems allow users to concurrently edit a shared document, inserting and deleting elements (e.g., characters or lines). There are a number of protocols for collaborative text editing, but so far there has been no precise specification of their desired behavior, and several of these protocols have been shown not to satisfy even basic expectations. This paper provides a precise specification of a replicated list object, which models the core functionality of replicated systems for collaborative text editing. We define a strong list specification, which we prove is implemented by an existing protocol, as well as a weak list specification, which admits additional protocol behaviors.
Adaptive Neural Network Architecture. (1987)

Abstract : Sun microsystems computer equipment acquired through Grant AFOSR-86-0260 is being used for research directed toward developing learning methods and architectures for artificial neural networks, or connectionist networks. The equipment is being used to simulate artificial neural networks implementing a variety of learning methods, including the Associative Reward-Penalty method and the Adaptive Critic Algorithm, as well as the error backpropagation method, and various combinations of these learning methods.
Photoaffinity Labeling of Mature and Precursor Forms of the Small Subunit of Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase after Expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1992)

The small subunit (SSU) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) possesses a binding site that can be photoaffinity labeled with [(32)P]8-azidoadenosine 5' triphosphate (N(3)ATP). In the present study, photoaffinity labeling was used to compare the nucleotide analog binding properties of SSU in the Rubisco holoenzyme complex (holoE SSU) with the properties of isolated SSU and the precursor form (pSSU) that contains a transit peptide. To facilitate these studies, the complete coding regions of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) SSU and pSSU were cloned into pET expression vectors and the polypeptides were synthesized in Escherichia coli. Protein import studies showed that cloned pSSU polypeptides were imported into intact chloroplasts, where they were processed to the mature form and assembled into the Rubisco holoenzyme. Cloned SSU and pSSU isolated from E. coli were photoaffinity labeled with N(3)ATP. The apparent K(d) value for SSU and pSSU, 18 micromolar N(3)ATP, was identical to the value determined for holoE SSU. However, differences in photolabeling between cloned SSU or pSSU and holoE SSU were apparent in the level of protection afforded by ATP and UTP, in the response of photolabeling to free Mg(2+), and in the higher photolabeling efficiency that characterized the cloned SSU. Treatment of the Rubisco holoenzyme with a concentration of urea sufficient to disassociate the subunits markedly increased photoincorporation into SSU, indicating that intersubunit associations within the holoenzyme complex may be the major factor influencing photolabeling efficiency of SSU. Thus, differences in SSU conformation between the isolated and assembled states affect photolabeling efficiency and other nucleotide analog binding properties of the SSU, but not the apparent affinity for N(3)ATP.
Virus phenotype switching and disease progression in HIV‐1 infection (1999)

One of the phenotypic distinctions between different strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has to do with the ability to cause target cells to form large multinucleate bodies known as syncytia. There are two phenotypes according to this characterization: syncytium-inducing (SI) and non-syncytium-inducing (NSI). NSI strains are usually present throughout infection, while SI strains are typically seen at the beginning of the infection and near the onset of AIDS. The late emergence of SI strains is referred to as phenotype switching. In this paper we analyse the factors that lead to phenotype switching and contribute to the dynamics of disease progression. We show that a strong immune system selects for NSI strains while a weak immune system favours SI strains. The model explicitly accounts for the fact that CD4+ cells are both targets of HIV infection and crucial for activating immune responses against HIV In such a model, SI strains can emerge after a long and variable period of NSI dominated infection. Furthermore, versions of the model which do not explicitly account for HIV-specific, activated CD4+ cells do not exhibit phenotype switching, emphasizing the critical importance of this pool of cells.
Effectiveness of Electrostimulation on Whole Salivary Flow Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2017)

In patients with diabetes with xerostomia and hyposalivation, TENS was highly effective in stimulating whole salivary flow.
A novel locus of <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> serotype O:3 involved in lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis (1995)

Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3 strain 6471/76-c (YeO3-c) was sensitive to bacteriophage phi R1-37 when grown at 37 degrees C but not when grown at 22 degrees C because of steric hindrance by abundant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-side chain (O-antigen) expressed at 22 degrees C. The transposon library of YeO3-c was grown at 37 degrees C and screened for phage phi R1-37-resistant transposon insertion mutants. Three types of mutant were isolated: (i) phage receptor mutants expressing O-antigen (LPS-smooth), (ii) phage receptor mutants not expressing O-antigen (LPS-rough), and (iii) LPS-smooth mutants with the phage receptor constitutively sterically blocked. Mutant type (i) was characterized in detail; the transposon insertion inactivates an operon, named the trs operon. The main findings based on this mutant are: (i) the frs operon is involved in the biosynthesis of the LPS outer core in YeO3-c; the nucleotide sequence of the trs operon revealed eight novel genes showing similarly to known polysaccharide biosynthetic genes of various Gram-negative bacteria as well as to capsule biosynthesis genes of Staphylococcus aureus; (ii) the biosynthesis of the core of YeO3-c involves at least two genetic loci; (iii) the trs operon is required for the biosynthesis of the bacteriophage phi R1-37 receptor structures; (iv) the homopolymeric O-antigen of YeO3-c is ligated to the inner core in Y. enterocolitica O:3; (v) the trs operon is located between the adk-hemH and galE-gsk gene pairs in the Y. enterocolitica chromosome; and (vi) the phage phi R1-37 receptor is present in many but not in all Y. enterocolitica serotypes. The results also allow us to speculate that the trs operon is a relic of the ancestral rfb region of Y. enterocolitica O:3 carrying genes indispensable for the completion of the core polysaccharide biosynthesis.
Mitigating code-reuse attacks with control-flow locking (2011)

Code-reuse attacks are software exploits in which an attacker directs control flow through existing code with a malicious result. One such technique, return-oriented programming, is based on "gadgets" (short pre-existing sequences of code ending in a ret instruction) being executed in arbitrary order as a result of a stack corruption exploit. Many existing codereuse defenses have relied upon a particular attribute of the attack in question (e.g., the frequency of ret instructions in a return-oriented attack), which leads to an incomplete protection, while a smaller number of efforts in protecting all exploitable control flow transfers suffer from limited deploy-ability due to high performance overhead. In this paper, we present a novel cost-effective defense technique called control flow locking, which allows for effective enforcement of control flow integrity with a small performance overhead. Specifically, instead of immediately determining whether a control flow violation happens before the control flow transfer takes place, control flow locking lazily detects the violation after the transfer. To still restrict attackers' capability, our scheme guarantees that the deviation of the normal control flow graph will only occur at most once. Further, our scheme ensures that this deviation cannot be used to craft a malicious system call, which denies any potential gains an attacker might obtain from what is permitted in the threat model. We have developed a proof-of-concept prototype in Linux and our evaluation demonstrates desirable effectiveness and competitive performance overhead with existing techniques. In several benchmarks, our scheme is able to achieve significant gains.
Antibacterial Susceptibility of Plaque Bacteria (1979)

Selected anaerobic, capnophilic and facultative bacteria isolated from patients with various forms of periodontal health and disease were tested for their susceptibility to antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. Specific bactericidal and minimum inhibitory concentrations were compared to disc zone diameters, thereby generating new standards for the potential selection of antimicrobial agents.
Ceramic Microtubes from Preceramic Polymers (2003)

A novel process for the production of ceramic microtubes involving the microextrusion of preceramic polymers was studied. Microtubes with a wide range of inner and outer diameters and several centimeters long were produced from two silicone resins. A coextrusion approach was also used to extend the forming capability of the technique. The addition of carbon black resulted in electrically conductive silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramic microtubes. SiOC microtubes possessed a high bending strength, ranging from ∼30–1100 MPa.
Recovery of Nanoparticles from (EO)<sub>8</sub>(PO)<sub>50</sub>(EO)<sub>8</sub>/<i>p</i>-Xylene/H<sub>2</sub>O Microemulsions by Tuning the Temperature (2003)

A novel method to prepare nanoparticles using reverse micelles of poly(ethylene oxide)−poly(propylene oxide)−poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO−PPO−PEO) block copolymer surfactant was proposed. The method is based on the fact that the critical micellization concentration of some PEO−PPO−PEO block copolymers increases sharply with increasing temperature. Therefore, nanoparticles can be synthesized in the reverse micelles at lower temperatures, and the nanoparticles can be precipitated and recovered with a temperature rise because of the breakage of the reverse micelles. As an example, silver nanoparticles were synthesized in the reverse micelles of (EO)8(PO)50(EO)8/p-xylene/H2O and recovered.
Outcomes of Posterolateral Lumbar Fusion in Utah Patients Receiving Workers’ Compensation (2001)

Outcomes of posterolateral lumbar fusion among compensated workers in Utah are inconsistent. Outcomes can be predicted by presurgical sociodemographic variables. Screening for such presurgical risk factors may be important for prudent surgical decisions and rehabilitation planning.
The next generation telematics service platform in ubiquitous environments (2007)

It is becoming desirable for users to easily and instantaneously use software anywhere and anytime. However, current telematics service platform, i.e. downloading, installing and configuring software, is not feasible for it. In this paper, we propose a new software streaming system called TeleASP. The TeleASP creates virtual applications from legacy application without modification. The virtual application can be deployed and executed on any devices on demand. Also, the TeleASP allows software to be streamed. The transmission of the software can be completely transparent to the user. Our streaming method can scientifically reduce the application load time since prefetching a service block, overlapping of transmission and execution of the virtual software, adopting a local cache into a terminal.
Aerobic oxidation of indole carbinols using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O/TEMPO/NaCl as catalysts (2013)

A practical aerobic oxidation of indole carbinols using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O/TEMPO/NaCl in DCE at room temperature and atmospheric pressure of oxygen affording aldehydes or ketones in good to excellent yields was developed. Furthermore, when using the industrially favored solvent toluene instead of DCE and air instead of pure oxygen, this protocol also works smoothly, demonstrating its high potential for possible industrial application.
Wide-band electrooptic guided-wave analog-to-digital converters (1984)

Progress in the development of high-speed electrooptic A/D converters is reviewed. A/D converters of this type have been operated at 1 gigasample/second (GS/s) in 2- and 4-bit structures for 500-MHz analog bandwidth. The converter consists of an array of LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> guided-wave interferometric modulators that function as an analog amplitude analyzer, pulsed lasers for optical sampling, and high-speed monolithic comparators/demultiplexers to generate the digital levels and slow the data to ECL-compatible rates. The operational principles of the converter are summarized and a performance analysis presented. The analysis indicates that with currently attainable components, conversion in the 4- to 6-bit range at rates from 1 to 3 GS/s is feasible. Experimental results for several converters are summarized, including a description of beatfrequency tests for analog signals with frequency content up to 500 MHz that indicate the analog bandwidth capabilities of this device. The electrooptical technology is compared to competing high-speed A/D technologies in Si, GaAs, and superconducting materials and the relative merits analyzed. It is found that the electrooptic approach eliminates some of the fundamental and severe problems of conventional converters (e.g., sampling pickup and large numbers of comparators). Finally, application of this converter to wide-band signal-processing problems is described. It is noted that there are numerous applications where a moderate number of bits at a high (gigahertz) sampling rate is attractive.
Assessment of measurement deviations: length-extended x-ray imaging for orthopedic applications (2019)

Measurements of skeletal geometries are a crucial tool for the assessment of pathologies in orthopedics. Usually, those measurements are performed in conventional 2-D X-ray images. Due to the cone-beam geometry of most commercially available X-ray systems, effects like magnification and distortion are inevitable and may impede the precision of the orthopedic measurements. In particular measurements of angles, axes, and lengths in spine or limb acquisitions would benefit from a true 1-to-1 mapping without any distortion or magnification. In this work, we developed a model to quantify these effects for realistic patient sizes and clinically relevant acquisition procedures. Moreover, we compared the current state-of-the-art technique for the imaging of length- extended radiographs, e. g. for spine or leg acquisitions (i. e. the source-tilt technique) with a slot-scanning method. To validate our model we conducted several experiments with physical as well as anthropomorphic phantoms, which turned out to be in good agreement with our model. To this end, we found, that the images acquired with the reconstruction-based slot-scanning technique comprise no magnification or distortion. This would allow precise measurements directly on images without considering calibration objects, which might be beneficial for the quality and workflow efficiency of orthopedic applications.
Arylsubstituierte Purine, I. Synthese von 7‐Phenylguanin und 2‐substituierten 7‐Arylhypoxanthinen (1987)

Abstract Die Synthese von 7‐Phenylguanin ( 2 ) durch Cyclisierung von 4‐Amino‐1‐phenyl‐5‐imidazolcarbonsäure‐ethylester ( 1a ) mit Cyanamid wird beschrieben. Die Reaktion gewährt den ersten und bisher einzigen Zugang zu einem hypothetischen Basenaddukt, dessen Bedeutung für die Benzolkanzerogenese zur Diskussion steht. Darüber hinaus wurden die 2‐substituierten 7‐Arylhypoxanthine 4a–e durch Reaktion von 1‐Aryl‐4‐amino‐5‐imidazolcarbonsäure‐ethylestern 1a–c und Thioamiden 3a–c dargestellt. Als bester Katalysator hat sich Ameisensäure erwiesen. Dieses neue Verfahren bietet einen guten Zugang zu Ausgangsverbindungen für die Entwicklung eines Radioimmunoassays zum Spurennachweis von 2 .
Seasonal fluctuations of nematode populations in breeding ewes and lambs. (1973)

The seasonal changes in nematode populations of a flock of sheep in the Montreal area were determined using serial fecal egg counts, fecal culture of larvae and necropsy worm counts. It was found that Ostertagia spp.,Nematodirus spp., Trichostrongylus agei, Trichostrongylus spp. and Chabertia ovina over-wintered on pasture and could initiate patent infections the following spring. The development of populations of H. contortus was typical of that seen with most of the other species and was characterized by the following series of events. In early winter when the study was started with stabled pregnant ewes, most of the populations were immature and the egg counts were low and remained so throughout the entire winter. However, in the spring, following lambing, large numbers of adult worms were seen with a consequent decrease in immatures and a sudden increase in egg counts. When the ewes and lambs were pastured together, the egg counts in ewes dropped consequent to "self-cure", the "spring-rise" providing the major source of overwhelming infections for lambs with deaths by the end of July. As the season progressed larvae taken in by both ewes and lambs did not mature, and by early fall, most of the worm population consisted of immature forms. It appeared that H. contortus could not have more than two generations in ewes or lambs in a single grazing season.