gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Octopine synthase mRNA isolated from sunflower crown gall callus is homologous to the Ti plasmid of <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> (1982)

We have shown that the structural gene for octopine synthase (a crown gall-specific enzyme) is located in a central portion of the T-DNA that came from the Ti plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens and is expressed after it has been transferred to the plant cells. Polyadenylylated RNA was prepared from polysomes isolated from an octopine-producing crown gall callus and purified by selective hybridization to one of five recombinant plasmids. Each such plasmid contained a different fragment of T-DNA of pTi-15955 (octopine-type Ti plasmid). Purified mRNA was translated in vitro in rabbit reticulocyte lysates, and the translation products were immunoprecipitated with antibody against octopine synthase. Total and immunoprecipitated products were characterized by their molecular weights. A polypeptide of M(r) 40,000 (the same as authentic octopine synthase) was synthesized in vitro by crown gall mRNA selectively hybridized to three of the five fragments of T-DNA and precipitated with antibody against octopine synthase. This polypeptide was not immunoprecipitated with normal rabbit antibody nor was it synthesized when mRNA from the habituated callus was substituted. A mRNA 1500 bases long was detected when total mRNA was fractionated on an agarose gel, transferred to nitrocellulose, and used for hybridization to three of the five (32)P-labeled T-DNA fragments. This apparent mRNA for octopine synthase hybridized to the same three fragments of T-DNA as the mRNA for the M(r) 40,000 polypeptide and was not detected in the habituated callus.
EDTA-induced dissociation of casein micelles and its effect on foaming properties of milk (1997)

The effects of addition of EDTA on the dissociation of caseins and foaming properties of milks (100 g solids/l) reconstituted from skim milk powders given a low-heat (72°C for 30 s) or high-heat (85°C for 30 min) treatment during powder manufacture were determined. The EDTA-induced dissociation of caseins was independent of heat treatment but in high-heat milk was accompanied by release of denatured whey proteins. EDTA changed the proportions of individual caseins in the supernatant. EDTA addition improved both foam overrun and foam stability of low- and high-heat milks. The increase in serum protein on addition of EDTA contributed to the improvement in foaming properties of milks by increasing the availability of the proteins for formation of the air–water interface.
SOME FEATURES OF THE CHEMISTRY OF 6-AMINOCHRYSENE (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSOME FEATURES OF THE CHEMISTRY OF 6-AMINOCHRYSENENG. PH. BUU-HOÏCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 5, 721–725Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01370a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01370a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A proactive recommendation system for writing (2007)

Motivation -- Finding appropriate information while writing a scientific paper is essential, but also difficult and time consuming. A Proactive Recommender System (PRS) retrieves information relevant to the text being written, and presents it automatically. However, current PRSs overlook that writing is a demanding task, affected by interruptions. We look for those moments during writing where finding information is important and where proactive presentation interrupts least.
Water‐Macromolecular Proton Magnetization Transfer in Infarcted Myocardium: A Method to Enhance Magnetic Resonance Image Contrast (1995)

Water proton nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times and magnetization transfer (MT) parameters of rat hearts were studied 24 h or 4 weeks after ligation of the left coronary artery or sham operation. Compared with sham-operated controls, measured relaxation times (T1sat and T2) of both acute and chronic myocardial infarction increased. The MT effect significantly decreased in the infarcted myocardium. The changes in relaxation times and MT effect were significantly greater in chronic infarcts compared with acute infarcts. Improvements in calculated image contrast between normal and infarcted tissue were supported by images of ex vivo hearts with chronic infarction. Image contrast was increased at short echo times in the presence of macromolecular proton pool irradiation. Exploiting changes in tissue MT following myocardial infarction to enhance contrast between normal and infarcted tissue should allow improved identification and characterization of infarcted myocardium.
Apoptosis by direct electric field (DEF) and nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) in tumor cells and tumor tissues (2003)

Summary form only given, as follows. Pulsed electric field induces cell fusion, electroporation on biological cells. Electroporation them occurs with pulse durations in the order of 0.1-10 ms and electric fields of kV/cm, depending on the cell type and suspension media. Nanosecond pulsed electric fields(nsPEF) are normally with durations of about 1-300 ns with the electric field strength less than 300 kV/cm. The nsPEF is recognized to induce apoptosis in cells by affecting intracellular structures. Apoptosis is expressed in a series of natural enzymatic reactions for the natural elimination of unhealthy, genetically damaged, or otherwise aberrant cells that are not needed or not advantageous to the well-being of the organism. Its markers involve cell shrinkage, activation of intracellular caspase proteases, externalization of phosphatidylserine at the plasma membrane, and fragmentation of DNA. Direct electric fields(DEF) using direct current have been exploited recently to investigate its effects on tumor cells and tissues, but the mechanism of DEF has not been exhibited clearly other than by electroosmosis or pH changes. We show that DEF induces apoptosis in tumor cells cultured as indicated by cell shrinkage, DNA fragmentation and tumor suppression. The DEF effects depend upon current intensity, level of potential and expose time of cell to DEF We also exhibit that the inhibition of tumor growth(anti-tumor effects) correlates incident dose (electrical charge delivered) into tumor tissues in formula. Total electric charge will also be compared in the two cases of nsPEF and DEF approach.
Gas Phase Modification of Superhard Carbon Coatings Deposited by Pulsed DC‐Arc‐Process (2009)

Abstract The pulsed vacuum arc discharge (pulsed arc) is the most efficient PVD technology for deposition of hard amorphous carbon coatings on tools and machinery parts. Due to the pulsed arc discharge a stable evaporation process and the efficient deposition of hydrogen‐free a‐C type coatings is possible. This paper shows that the pulsed arc enables the deposition of ta‐C and modified a‐C coatings with interesting coating properties in a wide pressure range of argon, acetylene and ammonia gas atmosphere. Coatings with different gas flow rates of these gases were deposited on steel substrates. The coating properties were characterized by using different analytical methods for determination of structure, hardness, friction and wear behaviour. The changes of film properties in dependence of the kind and the rate of gas flow are compared and discussed.
N <scp>ew</scp> S <scp>trategies in the</scp> T <scp>reatment of</scp> A <scp>cute</scp> M <scp>yelogenous</scp> L <scp>eukemia</scp> : M <scp>obilization and</scp> T <scp>ransplantation of</scp> A <scp>utologous</scp> P <scp>eripheral</scp> B <scp>lood</scp> S <scp>tem</scp> C <scp>ells in</scp> A <scp>dult</scp> P <scp>atients</scp> (2001)

During the last decade high-dose Ara-C (HIDAC; single doses of 3 g/m(2)) and autologous stem cell transplantation have been increasingly used as postremission therapy in adult acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Controlled clinical trials have demonstrated a long-term disease-free survival of 40%-50% for patients treated with at least two courses of HIDAC. Other studies have demonstrated that postremission autologous bone marrow transplantation results in a disease-free survival equal to or better than conventional chemotherapy. However, autotransplantation with mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) would now be preferred instead of autologous bone marrow, due to the shorter hematopoietic reconstitution period. The results reviewed in the present article suggest that HIDAC and autologous PBSC transplantation can be combined in the postremission treatment of adult AML, and this combination therapy may also reduce minimal residual disease and the risk of posttransplant relapse. From the available studies it cannot be concluded whether graft purging further reduces the relapse risk. However, the possible advantage of combination therapy with repeated courses of HIDAC and autologous PBSC transplantation needs to be demonstrated in prospective clinical trials before it can be recommended as a part of the routine treatment in AML.
An Abd transgene prevents diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice by inducing regulatory T cells. (1993)

Susceptibility to the human autoimmune disease insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is strongly associated with particular haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Similarly, in a spontaneous animal model of this disease, the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, the genes of the MHC play an important role in the development of diabetes. We have produced transgenic NOD mice that express the class II MHC molecule I-Ad in addition to the endogenous I-Ag7 molecules in order to study the role of these molecules in the disease process. Although the inflammatory lesions within the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas appear similar in transgenic and nontransgenic animals, transgenic mice develop diabetes with greatly diminished frequency compared to their nontransgenic littermates (10% of transgenic females by 30 weeks of age compared to 45% of nontransgenic females). Furthermore, adoptive transfer experiments show that T cells present in the transgenic mice are able to interfere with the diabetogenic process caused by T cells from nontransgenic mice. Thus, the mechanism by which I-Ad molecules protect mice from diabetes includes selecting in the thymus and/or inducing in the periphery T cells capable of inhibiting diabetes development.
The use of high-frequency jet ventilation for removal of obstructing casts in patients with plastic bronchitis (2009)

The use of short-term HFJV resulted in resolution of the airway obstruction in intubated patients with plastic bronchitis.
Towards intelligent design and diagnosis tools for electrical and mechanical engineering (1992)

This article reviews certain strategic research issues that arise during work on advanced software for intelligent engineering support systems. The application focus concerns discrete devices and mechanisms drawn from electrical and mechanical engineering. The tasks of design and diagnosis are taken as key areas for the exploitation of artificial intelligence research. A brief discussion of the limitations of existing technology introduces some fundamental issues that current and future research must examine in order to produce intelligent design and diagnosis tools for the future.
Alloreactive lymphocytes from T cell receptor (beta-chain) transgenic mice do not mediate a graft-versus-host reaction (1991)

The injection of mature T cells into a tolerant or immunocompromised allogeneic host animal produces a graft versus host response (GVHR) that can result in splenomegaly, immunosuppression and death of the host animal. We demonstrate here that lymphocytes from T cell receptor beta-chain (TCR-beta) transgenic mice, in which the expression of the transgene inhibits endogenous beta- and gamma-gene rearrangements and thus causes abnormal T cell development, are unable to mediate a GVHR. The GVHR was measured after the injection of lymphocytes from transgenic mice into normal F1 mice and also after transplantation of bone marrow and lymphocytes from transgenic mice into lethally irradiated F1 recipients. In both systems, cells from transgenic mice failed to produce a significant GVHR. Cells from the transgenic mice were able to recognize the foreign histocompatibility Ag of the host in vitro and in vivo although the transgenic mice rejected skin grafts more slowly than controls. Thus, lymphocytes from transgenic mice were unable to produce a GVHR despite the presence of alloreactive T cells. These results suggest that lymphocytes from TCR-beta transgenic mice fail to mediate a GVHR either because lymphocytes with a single transgenic TCR-beta chain have a limited ability to recognize allogeneic cells in vivo or because the transgenic mice lack lymphocyte subsets that are important for the mediation of a GVHR.
Possibilità di prevenzione con statine delle complicanze degli interventi coronarici percutanei (2012)

Lipid lowering therapy with statins reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated LDL-independent action of this class of drugs, which appears in modulating endothelial function, inflammation and thrombosis. Periprocedural myocardial infarction and contrast induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), associated with worse outcome on short and long term follow-up, are both complications related to inflammatory pathogenetic mechanisms. Randomized studies showed a beneficial effect of short-term statin pretreatment in reducing peri-procedural cardiac markers release in patients undergoing PCI. In fact, statin therapy before elective PCI reduced periprocedural myocardial infarction in patients with stable angina. Furthermore, an acute loading with high-dose atorvastatin prevented myocardial damage in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing early PCI (<48 hours). In patients already on chronic statin therapy, a reload with high dose statin was associated with a significant improvement on 30-day cardiac outcome. Finally, statin therapy at the time of PCI significantly decreased the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy. All these evidences support an "upstream administration" of short-term, high-dose statins in all patients undergoing PCI, in order to achieve pleiotropic, LDL-independent effects of these drugs.
Importance of a Novel Oxidative Mechanism for Elimination of Intracellular Cholesterol in Humans (1996)

We have recently demonstrated that cultured human alveolar macrophages efficiently convert cholesterol into excretable 27-oxygenated products. We show here that increasing the intracellular concentration of cholesterol by a factor of 10 leads to about a twofold increase in the excretion of 27-oxygenated products from cultured macrophages. Inhibition of the sterol 27-hydroxylase caused a significant intracellular accumulation of cholesterol. A direct comparison was made between flux of cholesterol and 27-oxygenated products from macrophages preloaded with [4-14C]cholesterol. Under the specific conditions employed with fetal calf serum in the culture medium, the flux of 27-oxygenated products was about 10% of that of cholesterol. Since the sterol 27-hydroxylase, which converts cholesterol to 27-oxygenated products, is present in many cell types, we suggest that 27-oxygenation is a general mechanism for removal of intracellular cholesterol. To evaluate this hypothesis, we measured the net uptake by the human liver of circulating 27-oxygenated products, which was found to be about 20 mg/24 h. This uptake corresponds to approximately 4% of the bile acid production, assuming quantitative conversion into bile acids. It is concluded that the 27-hydroxylase pathway is of significance for elimination of extrahepatic cholesterol.
Predictors of increased Pa<sub>CO<sub>2</sub></sub> during immersed prone exercise at 4.7 ATA (2008)

During diving, arterial Pco(2) (Pa(CO(2))) levels can increase and contribute to psychomotor impairment and unconsciousness. This study was designed to investigate the effects of the hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR), exercise, inspired Po(2), and externally applied transrespiratory pressure (P(tr)) on Pa(CO(2)) during immersed prone exercise in subjects breathing oxygen-nitrogen mixes at 4.7 ATA. Twenty-five subjects were studied at rest and during 6 min of exercise while dry and submersed at 1 ATA and during exercise submersed at 4.7 ATA. At 4.7 ATA, subsets of the 25 subjects (9-10 for each condition) exercised as P(tr) was varied between +10, 0, and -10 cmH(2)O; breathing gas Po(2) was 0.7, 1.0, and 1.3 ATA; and inspiratory and expiratory breathing resistances were varied using 14.9-, 11.6-, and 10.2-mm-diameter-aperture disks. During exercise, Pa(CO(2)) (Torr) increased from 31.5 +/- 4.1 (mean +/- SD for all subjects) dry to 34.2 +/- 4.8 (P = 0.02) submersed, to 46.1 +/- 5.9 (P < 0.001) at 4.7 ATA during air breathing and to 49.9 +/- 5.4 (P < 0.001 vs. 1 ATA) during breathing with high external resistance. There was no significant effect of inspired Po(2) or P(tr) on Pa(CO(2)) or minute ventilation (Ve). Ve (l/min) decreased from 89.2 +/- 22.9 dry to 76.3 +/- 20.5 (P = 0.02) submersed, to 61.6 +/- 13.9 (P < 0.001) at 4.7 ATA during air breathing and to 49.2 +/- 7.3 (P < 0.001) during breathing with resistance. We conclude that the major contributors to increased Pa(CO(2)) during exercise at 4.7 ATA are increased depth and external respiratory resistance. HCVR and maximal O(2) consumption were also weakly predictive. The effects of P(tr), inspired Po(2), and O(2) consumption during short-term exercise were not significant.
Electric and Magnetic Mode-Switchable Dual Antenna for Null Compensation (2013)

A novel dual antenna is proposed for null compensation. The primary antenna is a rectangular loop antenna that generates an electric-loop mode. A zeroth-order resonant (ZOR) antenna is used as the auxiliary antenna, which produces a magnetic-loop mode and reduces the overall antenna size. Since the auxiliary antenna can be placed inside the primary antenna, the overall occupied space is the same as the size of the single primary loop antenna. The electric- and magnetic-loop current distributions are orthogonal to each other, so their nulls are effectively compensated. The performances of the proposed antennas are demonstrated in both a full-wave simulation and experiments at 2.3 GHz.
Loss of liver E-cadherin induces sclerosing cholangitis and promotes carcinogenesis (2014)

E-cadherin is an important adhesion molecule whose loss is associated with progression and poor prognosis of liver cancer. However, it is unclear whether the loss of E-cadherin is a real culprit or a bystander in liver cancer progression. In addition, the precise role of E-cadherin in maintaining liver homeostasis is also still unknown, especially in vivo. Here we demonstrate that liver-specific E-cadherin knockout mice develop spontaneous periportal inflammation via an impaired intrahepatic biliary network, as well as periductal fibrosis, which resembles primary sclerosing cholangitis. Inducible gene knockout studies identified E-cadherin loss in biliary epithelial cells as a causal factor of cholangitis induction. Furthermore, a few of the E-cadherin knockout mice developed spontaneous liver cancer. When knockout of E-cadherin is combined with Ras activation or chemical carcinogen administration, E-cadherin knockout mice display markedly accelerated carcinogenesis and an invasive phenotype associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, up-regulation of stem cell markers, and elevated ERK activation. Also in human hepatocellular carcinoma, E-cadherin loss correlates with increased expression of mesenchymal and stem cell markers, and silencing of E-cadherin in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines causes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and increased invasiveness, suggesting that E-cadherin loss can be a causal factor of these phenotypes. Thus, E-cadherin plays critical roles in maintaining homeostasis and suppressing carcinogenesis in the liver.
Determination of elastic constants of epoxy resin/biochar composites by ultrasonic pulse echo overlap method (2015)

This study is carried out in order to determine the elastic properties of Epoxy Resin (ER) Composites reinforced with various mixtures of China Poplar Char (CPC) and Pine Cone Char (PCC) as biochars by ultrasonic wave velocity measurement method. The prepared chars are mixed with epoxy resin matrix at weight percentages of 10%, 20%, and 30% for preparing the ER/Biochars (BC) composites. The effect of biochar amounts on the elastic properties of the ER/BC composites are investigated by ultrasonic pulse echo overlap method. The morphologies of the samples are investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Based on the findings obtained from the present study, forming of the ER/CPC composites gives better values of elastic properties compared to forming of the ER/PCC composites. According to the obtained results, the composition ratio of 70:30 is the most appropriate composition ratio for both of the ER/CPC and the ER/PCC composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:2907–2915, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
An Empirical Analysis of Productivity and Quality in Software Products (2000)

We examine the relationship between life-cycle productivity and conformance quality in software products. The effects of product size, personnel capability, software process, usage of tools, and higher front-end investments on productivity and conformance quality were analyzed to derive managerial implications based on primary data collected on commercial software projects from a leading vendor. Our key findings are as follows. First, our results provide evidence for significant increases in life-cycle productivity from improved conformance quality in software products shipped to the customers. Given that the expenditure on computer software has been growing over the last few decades, empirical evidence for cost savings through quality improvement is a significant contribution to the literature. Second, our study identifies several quality drivers in software products. Our findings indicate that higher personnel capability, deployment of resources in initial stages of product development (especially design) and improvements in software development process factors are associated with higher quality products.