gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification (2022)

Exosomes, a nano-sized subtype of extracellular vesicles secreted from almost all living cells, are capable of transferring cell-specific constituents of the source cell to the recipient cell. Cumulative evidence has revealed exosomes play an irreplaceable role in prognostic, diagnostic, and even therapeutic aspects. A method that can efficiently provide intact and pure exosomes samples is the first step to both exosome-based liquid biopsies and therapeutics. Unfortunately, common exosomal separation techniques suffer from operation complexity, time consumption, large sample volumes and low purity, posing significant challenges for exosomal downstream analysis. Efficient, simple, and affordable methods to isolate exosomes are crucial to carrying out relevant researches. In the last decade, emerging technologies, especially microfluidic chips, have proposed superior strategies for exosome isolation and exhibited fascinating performances. While many excellent reviews have overviewed various methods, a compressive review including updated/improved methods for exosomal isolation is indispensable. Herein, we first overview exosomal properties, biogenesis, contents, and functions. Then, we briefly outline the conventional technologies and discuss the challenges of clinical applications of these technologies. Finally, we review emerging exosomal isolation strategies and large-scale GMP production of engineered exosomes to open up future perspectives of next-generation Exo-devices for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Dynamic updates for web and cloud applications (2010)

The center of mass for newly-released applications is shifting from traditional, desktop or server programs, toward web and cloud computing applications. This shift is favorable to end-users, but puts additional burden on application developers and service providers. In particular, the newly emerging development methodologies, based on dynamic languages and multi-tier setups, complicate tasks such as verification and require end-to-end, rather than program-local guarantees. Moreover, service providers need to provide continuous service while accommodating the fast evolution pace characteristic of web and cloud applications. A promising approach for providing uninterrupted service while keeping applications up-to-date is to permit dynamic software updates, i.e., applying dynamic patches to running programs. In this paper we focus on safe dynamic updates for web and cloud applications; we point out difficulties associated with dynamic updates for these applications, present some of our preliminary results, and lay out directions for future work.
Moral Education Through the Development of the Moral Atmosphere of the School (2018)

There are at the present time two major approaches to moral education which have arisen out of the theory and research of KohIberg and his colleagues. The firs t to appear, the moral discuss ion approach , began as a result of the efforts of Moshe Blatt , a doctoral student of Kohlberg's who attempted to stimulate development through the discuss ion of hypothetical dilemmas in his Sunday School class . The second , the just community approach, originated in a women's correctional institution and was later applied to high school settings. The moral discussion approach clearly grew out of Kohlberg 's psychological investigations into moral development. The very dilemmas which Kohlberg used to assess an individual's moral stage were appropriated for classroom use in order lo stimulate stage development. The just community approach while drawing in part from Kohlberg's psychological research represents other important theoretical considerations , considerations which have important implications for future research in moral development and education.
Multiuser decoding for multibeam systems (2000)

An iterative multiuser decoding algorithm for co-channel BPSK/QPSK users in a multibeam system is presented. The approach can be applied to the return link of multibeam satellites and to terrestrial systems with sectored base-station antennas. It allows the reuse of the same spectrum in each beam. The algorithm is based on the extension of turbo-decoding techniques to the iterative decoding of parallel users. Simulation results show one can asymptotically achieve single user performance in a high multiuser interference environment; often this includes some diversity gain. The complexity of the algorithm is approximately O(2/sup K/+2/sup /spl kappa//) operations per bit per iteration where K is the number of co-channel users and /spl kappa/ is the constraint length of the forward error correction code.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATION OF HAGEMANN′S ESTER, PREPARATION OF AN INTERMEDIATE FOR TRISPORIC ACID SYNTHESIS (1974)

Abstract Bei der Umsetzung von Hagemanns Ester (I) mit Methyljodid (II) in Gegenwart von Alkoholat erhält man 83% der monomethylierten Verbindungen (III) und (IV) im Verhältnis 4:1, bei der weiteren Alkylierung entstehen die Trimethyl‐Verbindungen (V) und (VI).
Adaptive filtering for broad band signal reconstruction using spectrum extrapolation (2002)

This paper describes the implementation of a speech quality enhancement system that achieves spectrum extrapolation of band limited signals. In telephone communication, spectrum based on aliasing processing is widely known. This paper proposes a new implementation using an adaptive method. This method introduces frequency domain adaptive digital filtering to broaden band limited signals into wide band signals. Implementation of the system and its performance are discussed.
Molecular weight distribution of anionically polymerized α‐methylstyrene (1959)

Abstract The molecular weight distribution of anionically polymerized α‐methylstyrene has been measured by sedimentation velocity analysis. Molecular weight dependence of sedimentation constants and solution viscosities are reported. It is shown that the molecular weight distribution of poly‐α‐methylstyrene made by sodium complex is very narrow. Formation of a two‐peaked distribution polymer is reported; the data give support to the mechanism of double‐ended polymer propagation.
[Biomechanical pump as a cardiac assist and replacement system--the trend of research and development]. (1994)

The trend of research and development of biomechanical pump (BMP) reviewed and two BMPs were presented. One was the BMP, consisting of a skeletal muscle ventricle, lined with a bioartificial endocardium. It consisted of a structural matrix made of a polyurethane porous membrane, fragmented blood vessels and collagen gel. In vitro and in vivo construction showed that this could provide biocompatibility. Another BMP is the system actuated by in situ latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM). Bellows were mounted on the back of the pump. The force of LDM contraction was transmitted through cables to the bellows resulting in blood ejection. To assist the pump filling and LDM re-extension, an additional force was incorporated to the pump. The prototype system showed good performance.
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in the Intensive Care Unit (2010)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) occurs following an immune reaction to the administration of heparin, which results in increased platelet activation and thrombocytopenia, and lead to arterial and venous thrombosis in untreated cases. It may be considered as an idiosyncratic, drug-induced reaction in which heparin injections result in the formation of complexes with platelet factor 4 (PF4), triggering an antibody-mediated reaction in certain individuals. Low platelet count in this instance is secondary to platelet aggregation and can lead to thrombotic complications by vascular occlusion and other mechanisms. Early recognition of this complication is essential to prevent life- and limb-threatening thrombosis. Therefore, it is important that intensive care physicians who administer heparin in different forms are aware of this potential adverse event and follow a regular plan in monitoring the platelet count while the patient is on heparin. In a patient whose platelet count falls while on heparin, when no other diagnostic possibilities can easily explain it, immediate withdrawal of any form of heparin and commencement of an alternative anticoagulant is necessary until the diagnosis of HIT is confirmed or excluded. At the same time, it is important that over-diagnosis of HIT is not made to avoid unwanted bleeding complications from the alternative anticoagulants. This review outlines the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of HIT with a focus on the intensive care setting.
Feedback Loops Shape Cellular Signals in Space and Time (2008)

Positive and negative feedback loops are common regulatory elements in biological signaling systems. We discuss core feedback motifs that have distinct roles in shaping signaling responses in space and time. We also discuss approaches to experimentally investigate feedback loops in signaling systems.
Formation of radiation-induced crosslinks between thymine and tyrosine: possible model for crosslinking of DNA and proteins by ionizing radiation (1985)

A model for radiation-induced cross-linking of DNA and proteins has been developed. It is based on initial formation of free radicals on a DNA base, i.e., thymine, and on an amino acid, i.e., tyrosine. It was demonstrated that interaction of these radicals is highly favored as measured by their kinetics and the cross-linked products. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methodology used for the identification of the thymine-tyrosine cross-links is suggested as an experimental approach in the measurements of biological cross-links.
Occurence of sulfate- and iron-reducing bacteria in stratal waters of the Romashkinskoe oil field (1995)

The occurrence of microorganisms and the rates of terminal biogenic processes-sulfate reduction and methane synthesis-were studied in stratial waters in bed 302 of the Bashkir Carboniferous deposit at the Romashkinskoe oil field. It was shown that bed 302 was a dynamic, highly reduced ecosystem containing sulfates and hydrogen sulfide in considerable concentrations, in which active biogenic processes occurred. Sulfate reduction was a dominating anaerobic process by which the transformation of organic matter occurred. The sulfate-reducing microflora was diverse and characterized by a wide range of metabolic potentials. Enrichment cultures capable of oxidizing many organic substances, such as benzoate, acetate, ethanol, or lactate, at the expense of reduction of sulfates and ferric ion were isolated from 302. It was suggested that the sulfate-reducing microflora might be responsible not only for sulfate reduction in the stratum but also for mobilization of some insoluble iron oxides in the oil-bearing rock. These findings indicate that bacteria carrying out dissimilatory reduction of sulfate and iron can contribute to the geochemistry of organic and mineral compounds in subsurface ecosystems. 24 refs., 2 figs., 6 tabs.
Apply e-learning platform in teaching electronic communication course (2011)

In this study, an e-learning approach would be applied to an electronic communication course aimed at sophomore students in department of technology education. The goals are to enrich the students' understanding on basic topics such as filter circuit concepts, electronic components, and circuit theory, as well as to provide remote support, course materials and simulation tools. In the course, students can study filter circuit concepts through e-learning platform, simulation tool and practice activities. By using e-learning platform, students can download materials, experimental manual and online discussion without time and environment limit, the simulation tools will help students to pre-experimental and verification of electronic circuit theory. Finally, students use hard-wired circuits and electronic components to implement experiment activities. The purpose of this study is tries to adopt of new technologies to enrich the students' understanding in filter circle theory of electronic communication and hope students can to assimilate the new technologies as a part of their learning experience.
Extended operation of flying capacitor multilevel inverters (2006)

Recent research in flying capacitor multilevel inverters (FCMIs) has shown that the number of voltage levels can be extended by changing the ratio of the capacitor voltages. For the three-cell FCMI, four levels of operation are expected if the traditional ratio of the capacitor voltages is 1:2:3. However, by altering the ratio, the inverter can operate as a five-, six-, seven-, or eight-level inverter. According to previous research, the eight-level case is referred to as maximally distended (or full binary combination schema) since it utilizes all possible transistor switching states. However, this case does not have enough per-phase redundancy to ensure capacitor voltage balancing under all modes of operation. In this paper, redundancy involving all phases is used along with per-phase redundancy to improve capacitor voltage balancing. It is shown that the four- and five-level cases are suitable for motor drive operation and can maintain capacitor voltage balance under a wide range of power factors and modulation indices. The six-, seven-, and eight-level cases are suitable for reactive power transfer in applications such as static var compensation. Simulation and laboratory measurements verify the proposed joint-phase redundancy control.
Broadband Radio Access for IP-based networks (BRAIN)-a key enabler for mobile Internet access (2002)

Second generation digital mobile radio systems have been very successful for voice communications and are now beginning to offer support for data services. Third generation mobile radio systems are currently being standardized worldwide to be initially deployed starting in 2001 providing support for multimedia applications with a flexible air interface and higher bandwidths. Wireless LAN technology is complementary to 3G systems and could be used to provide high bandwidth hot spot coverage, for example in railway stations and offices, for the emerging video and broadband services that will begin to emerge on fixed networks. The IST BRAIN project, which is partly funded by the European Commission, has been formed to solve the problems of providing seamless service for broadband users in these hot spots. This paper describes these problems in greater detail as well as outlining how the BRAIN project is tackling them.
Complex digital oscillators and FSK modulators (1992)

The authors present complex-valued free running oscillators derived from digital filter structures. Four alternative approaches of complex direct-form and coupled-form oscillator structures are discussed leading to a multiple-output direct-form oscillator as the best solution from the viewpoint of computational efficiency. Two inherent advantages of direct-form structures can be avoided by appropriate means. The problem of poor frequency resolution at low frequencies is solved by a method called two's complement improvement (TCI). An oscillator frequency displacement is discovered which is caused by correlation between one state variable and the quantization error using finite arithmetic. This frequency error can be substantially reduced by appropriate error noise shaping. Some telecommunication applications like fixed-frequency complex oscillators for baseband signal processing, complex baseband frequency shift keying (FSK) modulators, and multiple-phase oscillators for multipath filters are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review of palonosetron: emerging data distinguishing it as a novel 5-HT<sub>3</sub>receptor antagonist for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (2010)

This review of recent progress in antiemetic therapy focuses on the newest data on palonosetron and discusses future trials and implications for clinical practice, with the overall goal of learning from history.
Anti-oxidation effects of Grape Seed proanthocyanidins on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats (2010)

Objective To investigate the Anti-oxidation effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Methods Twenty four Wistar rats,were divided into three groups randomly: sham operation group *as control),ischemia reperfusion injury group(I/R),grape seed proanthocyanidins group.8 rats in each group.The variation of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotrans ferase(ALT) in plasma were detected respectively.Results:(1) Compared the I/R group with the sham operation group(control),the content of MDA in the former was significantly higher than that in the latter(P0.01).But the activity of SOD in the former was significantly lower than that in the latter(P0.01).Compared the I/R group with the grape seed proanthocyanidins group,the content of MDA in the former was higher than that in the latter(P0.05),but the activity of SOD in the former was significantly lower than that in the latter(P0.01).(2) The content of AST in the I/R group was significantly lower and the content of ALT was significantly higher than those in the sham operation group(P0.01).The content of AST and ALT in the I/R group was all higher than that in the grape seed proanthocyanidins group(P0.05).Conclusion Grape seed proanthocyanidins have protection against the hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury,the mechanism may be correlation with reducing the oxygen free radical level and resisting the lipid peroxidation,accordinly cutting down the hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury.
High Strength Glass Second Source Qualification to Composite Armor Specification MIL-L-46197(MR) (1992)

Abstract : Vetrotex RH glass woven roving fabric impregnated with Cyanamid CYCOM 4102 polyester resin was evaluated for structural armor applications. The mechanical and ballistic properties of this system were compared to MIL-L-46197 (MR) requirements. The specific lot of RH glass evaluated under this effort met MIL-L-46197 (MR) requirements. S-2 and RH fiberglass/polyester systems should meet specification requirements when manufactured and processed in strict compliance with MIL-L-46197(MR). The identification of this second high strength fiberglass source will generate pricing competition and cost savings for the Government. MIL-L-46197 (MR) has been amended and is now entitled LAMINATE: HIGH STRENGTH GLASS, FABRIC-REINFORCED, POLYESTER RESIN IMPREGNATED, Amendment No. 1, 22 November 1991.
Frosting Performance Dynamic Simulation and Analysis of Freeze Dryer Vapor Captor (2010)

LG type vacuum freeze dryer vapor captor is taken as the study object, and a mathematical model of frost heat transfer of the vapor captor was established, the effective heat capacity method was used to simulate the heat transfer processes of vapor captor. Frosting mechanism under low temperature and low pressure condition was investigated, and the changing relation curves of temperature distribution, thickness and density of frost layer on vapor captor coil along with time were obtained. The results show that with the increasing of the frost thickness, the surface temperature of frost layer increase, and the heat transfer coefficient continue to fall, the rate of increase in frost thickness of late stage is faster than the early by 30.3%.
Products from Attempted Vilsmeier-Haack Acylations of Pyrroles with Select Amides<sup>1a,b</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProducts from Attempted Vilsmeier-Haack Acylations of Pyrroles with Select Amides1a,bAldo Ermili, Albert J. Castro, and Philip A. WestfallCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 2, 339–343Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01013a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01013a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views519Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antennas with frequency domain control for future communication systems. (2012)

This dissertation describes research into “Antennas with Frequency Domain Control for Future Communication Systems” and several novel antennas are shown, each of which addresses a specific issue for current and future communication systems, in terms of wideband coverage, channel capacity, antenna isolation and band-rejection. These antenna designs may be candidates for implementation in future multiband radios, and software defined radio (SDR) and cognitive radio (CR) systems, which are two new concepts in wireless communications in the foreseeable future, although it is evident that there are as yet no clear specifications for those future systems. A novel two-port reconfigurable antenna which can operate within a narrowband or wideband mode is presented. Three different structures of wideband reconfigurable balanced antennas, with a wide tuning range, have been proposed. When the balanced antenna is combined with the two-port chassis antenna, it becomes a reconfigurable MIMO antenna for small terminals and at least 15 dB of isolation is achieved. Several designs of conical monopole antennas, incorporating different types of slots to achieve good band-rejection behaviour, have been introduced. These are the 2 Cshaped, 4 C-shaped slots, 4 U-shaped slots, 4 tilted-U-shaped slots and 4 U-C-shaped slots. The study of wideband antennas with notched-band behaviour using a simple equivalent circuit model has been proposed. It has been noted that increasing the number of resonators and the coupling factor will increase the band-rejection. However, it will also widen the bandwidth of the frequency notched band. A novel pyramidal monopole antenna, with four loop shaped slots, offering wide tunable band-notch, is also presented.
Cost Effectiveness of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Relapsed or Refractory Pediatric B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2018)

The long-term effectiveness of tisagenlecleucel is a critical but uncertain determinant of its cost effectiveness. At its current price, tisagenlecleucel represents reasonable value if it can keep a substantial fraction of patients in remission without transplantation; however, if all patients ultimately require a transplantation to remain in remission, it will not be cost effective at generally accepted thresholds. Price reductions would favorably influence cost effectiveness even if long-term clinical outcomes are modest.