gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of the interaction between actin, ADP, and cardiac myosin-S1. (1984)

The rate and equilibrium constants for the formation and dissociation of the bovine ventricular (BV) actomyosin-S1-ADP have been measured by stopped flow light scattering. A comparison of the rate constants obtained here with those for rabbit skeletal (RS) actomyosin-S1 indicates that there are large differences in several of the rate and equilibrium constants. 1) The rate constant of ADP dissociation from BV actomyosin-S1 is 65 +/- 10 s-1 at 15 degrees C compared to a lower limit of 500 s-1 previously observed for RS actomyosin-S1. 2) The association constant for ADP binding to actomyosin-S1 is increased from 6 X 10(3) M-1 for RS to 1.5 X 10(5) M-1 for BV at 15 degrees C. The following rate and equilibrium constants differ by less than a factor of 2 between RS and BV actomyosin-S1: 1) the second order rate constant for the dissociation of actomyosin-S1 by MgATP; 2) the second order rate constant of myosin-S1 and myosin-S1-ADP binding to actin; and 3) the association constant of myosin-S1 to actin. The rate constant for ADP dissociation from BV actomyosin-S1 is at least 10-fold greater than the Vmax for the steady state ATPase and therefore cannot be the rate-limiting step of ATP hydrolysis. However, at physiological temperature, 38 degrees C, and ATP concentration, greater than 3 mM, ADP dissociation is sufficiently slow to limit the rate of myosin-S1 dissociation from actin by ATP and is likely to be the rate-limiting step of cross-bridge dissociation in muscle. Moreover, the rate constant of ADP dissociation is sufficiently slow to be the molecular step which limits the unloaded shortening velocity in cardiac muscle.
Komplexe mit N,N,N′,N′‐Tetrakis(2‐hydroxybenzyl)ethylendiamin (H<sub>4</sub>tben). Kristallstruktur von Ti(tben) (1995)

Abstract Es wurden die Komplexe von N,N,N′,N′‐Tetrakis(2‐hydroxybenzyl)ethylendiamin mit Titan(IV), Vanadium(IV), Mangan(IV) und Zinn(IV) hergestellt und massenspektrometrisch charakterisiert. Für die Zinn‐Verbindung wurden die Mössbauer‐Daten ermittelt. Die Molekülstruktur des Titan(IV)‐Komplexes wurde röntgenstrukturanalytisch bestimmt. N,N,N′,N′‐Tetrakis(2‐hydroxybenzyl)ethylendiaminato(4–)titan(IV): Raumgruppe P2 1 /c (Nr. 14), Z = 4, 3949 Zahl der beobachteten Intensitäten, R = 0,0539, Gitterabmessung bei 20°C; a = 10,447(3) Å, b = 20,668(5) Å, c = 13,420(3) Å, b̃ = 101,93(5) Å
Probing the fractional topological charge of a vortex light beam by using dynamic angular double slits (2016)

Vortex beams with fractional topological charge (FTC) have many special characteristics and novel applications. However, one of the obstacles for their application is the difficulty of precisely determining the FTC of fractional vortex beams. We find that when a vortex beam with an FTC illuminates a dynamic angular double slit (ADS), the far-field interference patterns that include the information of the FTC of the beam at the angular bisector direction of the ADS vary periodically. Based on this property, a simple dynamic ADS device and data fitting method can be used to precisely measure the FTC of a vortex light beam with an error of less than 5%.
Polymerization of Cyclopentene Using Metallocene Catalysts: Polymer Tacticity and Properties (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of Cyclopentene Using Metallocene Catalysts: Polymer Tacticity and PropertiesW. Mark Kelly, Nicholas J. Taylor, and Scott CollinsCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 16, 4477–4485Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00094a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00094a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views476Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The least-squares mixing models to generate fraction images derived from remote sensing multispectral data (1991)

Constrained-least-squares (CLS) and weighted-least-squares (WLS) mixing models for generating fraction images derived from remote sensing multispectral data are presented. An experiment considering three components within the pixels-eucalyptus, soil (understory), and shade-was performed. The generated fraction images for shade (shade image) derived from these two methods were compared by considering the performance and computer time. The derived shade images are related to the observed variation in forest structure, i.e. the fraction of inferred shade in the pixel is related to different eucalyptus ages.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The IBM Enterprise Systems Connection (ESCON) Director: A dynamic switch for 200Mb/s fiber optic links (1992)

This paper describes the function and hardware structure of the Enterprise Systems Connection (ESCON™) Director™, an I/O switch capable of providing dynamic, nonblocking, any-to-any connectivity for up to 60 fiber optic links operating at 200 Mb/s. Optoelectronic conversion at the switch ports allows the switching of the fiber optic links to be done electronically. The establishment of paths in the switching matrix is done by means of a hard-wired, pipelined controller at a maximum rate of five million connections/disconnections per second. Routing information is provided in the header of data frames. The switch-port function, switching matrix, and matrix controller were implemented in the IBM 1-µm CMOS “standard cell” technology. The paper discusses the system interconnection philosophy, details of the data flow, the switch hardware architecture, the design methodology, and the approach to technology implementation.
ChemInform Abstract: Photodimerization of Aryl β‐(2‐Furyl)vinyl Ketones. (1988)

Abstract Irradiation of the ketones (I) in MeOH causes dimerization to give the products (II).
Interaction among the distinct effects of adenine and guanine depletion in mouse lymphoma cells. (1984)

Toxic guanine depletion was shown previously to result in a dramatic reduction of DNA synthesis, while toxic adenine depletion failed to affect DNA synthesis (M. B. Cohen and W. Sadée, Cancer Res., 43: 1587-1591, 1983). In this study, relative DNA synthesis rates were measured in mouse lymphoma S49 cells over 24 hr after drug exposure and were compared to cell growth curves. DNA synthesis inhibition by mycophenolic acid (guanine starvation) was achieved at lower drug concentrations than was the inhibition of cell growth. This result further supports the hypothesis (reference above) that guanine starvation specifically affects cells in S phase while it allows cells with full DNA complement to divide. In contrast, L-alanosine (adenine starvation) failed to affect DNA synthesis for at least 24 hr at a concentration that inhibits cell growth by 80%. The dramatically different effects of guanine and adenine starvation on DNA synthesis can thus be used to assess the magnitude of each when blocking early de novo purine biosynthesis by 6-methyl-mercaptopurine ribonucleoside (6- MMPR ). The results suggest that, although 6- MMPR effects primarily resemble those of guanine depletion, adenine starvation measurably contributes to the overall toxicity of 6- MMPR . Drug combination experiments with L-alanosine, mycophenolic acid, and 6- MMPR suggest that the basic mechanisms underlying the toxic effects of guanine and adenine starvation act synergistically.
RF excited diffusively cooled all-metal slab waveguide CO2 laser (2005)

In this paper, a new type of radio frequency (RF) excited diffusively cooled all-metal slab waveguide CO2 laser is presented, in which the waveguide channel is constructed by two aluminum side walls and two aluminum electrodes, the discharge is confined in the slab waveguide channel in terms of the voltage division structure. From this type of structure, 127-W laser power is obtained.
Training Johnny to Authenticate (Safely) (2011)

The authors present the results of a long-term user study of site-based login mechanisms that train users to log in safely. Interactive site-identifying images received 70 percent detection rates, which is significantly better than the 20 percent received by the typical login ceremony. They also found that combining login bookmarks with interactive images and nonworking buttons or links (called negative training functions) achieved the best detection rates (82 percent) and overall resistance rates (93 percent). Because interactive custom images provide effective user training against phishing, the authors extended its authentication usages. The authors present an adaptive authentication mechanism based on recognition of multiple custom images, which can be used for different Web and mobile authentication scenarios. The mechanism relies on memorization of the custom images on each primary login, adaptively increasing the authentication difficulty on detection of impersonation attacks, and recognizing all images for fallback authentication.
Parametric Subpixel Matchpoint Recovery with Uncertainty Estimation: A Statistical Approach (2003)

We present a novel matchpoint acquisition method capable of producing accurate correspondences at subpixel precision. Given the known representation of the point to be matched, such as a projected fiducial in a structured light system, the method estimates the fiducial location and its expected uncertainty. Improved matchpoint precision has application in a number of calibration tasks, and uncertainty estimates can be used to significantly improve overall calibration results. A simple parametric model captures the relationship between the known fiducial and its corresponding position, shape, and intensity on the image plane. For each match-point pair, these unknown model parameters are recovered using maximum likelihood estimation to determine a sub-pixel center for the fiducial. The uncertainty of the match-point center is estimated by performing forward error analysis on the expected image noise. Uncertainty estimates used in conjunction with the accurate matchpoints can improve calibration accuracy for multi-view systems.
Higher ?-olefin polymerizations catalyzed byrac-Me2Si(1-C5H2-2-CH3-4-tBu)2Zr(NMe2)2/Al(iBu)3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] (2000)

Polymerizations of higher α-olefins, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, and 1-decene were carried out at 30 °C in toluene by using highly isospecific rac-Me2Si(1-C5H2-2-CH3-4-t Bu)2Zr(NMe2)2 (rac-1) compound in the presence of Al(iBu)3/[CPh3][B(C6F5)4] as a cocatalyst formulation. Both the bulkiness of monomer and the lateral size of polymer influenced the activity of polymerization. The larger lateral of polymer chain opens the π-ligand of active site wide and favors the insertion of monomer, while the large size of monomer inserts itself into polymer chain more difficultly due to the steric hindrance. Highly isotactic poly(α-olefin)s of high molecular weight (MW) were produced. The MW decreased from polypropylene to poly(1-hexene), and then increased from poly(1-hexene) to poly(1-decene). The isotacticity (as [mm] triad) of the polymer decreased with the increased lateral size in the order: poly(1-pentene) > poly(1-hexene) > poly(1-octene) > poly(1-decene). The similar dependence of the lateral size on the melting point of polymer was recorded by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 1H NMR analysis showed that vinylidene group resulting from β-H elimination and saturated methyl groups resulting from chain transfer to cocatalyst are the main end groups of polymer chain. The vinylidene and internal double bonds are also identified by Raman spectroscopy. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 1687–1697, 2000
Catalytic Direct Arylation with Aryl Chlorides, Bromides, and Iodides:  Intramolecular Studies Leading to New Intermolecular Reactions (2005)

A catalyst for the intramolecular direct arylation of a broad range of simple and heterocyclic arenes with aryl iodides, bromides, and chlorides has been developed. These reactions occur in excellent yield and are highly selective. Studies with aryl iodides substrates revealed that catalyst poisoning occurs due to the accumulation of iodide in the reaction media. This can be overcome by the addition of silver salts which also permits these reactions to occur at lower temperature. The utility of the methodology is illustrated by a rapid synthesis of a carbazole natural product and by the synthesis of sterically encumbered tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls via ring-opening reactions of the direct arylation products. Mechanistic investigations have provided insight into the catalyst's mode of action and show the presence of a kinetically significant C-H bond cleavage in palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of simple arenes. Knowledge garnered from these studies has led to the development of new intermolecular arylation reactions with previously inaccessible arenes, opening the door for the development of other new direct arylation processes.
Cyclo[<i>d.e.d.e.e.d.e.d.e.e.</i>]decakisbenzene, a New Cycloarene (1986)

The new parent hydrocarbon 1 is the second cycloarene (after kekulene) that consists of twelve symmetrically arranged benzene rings. 1 forms yellow crystals and was prepared by photocyclization of a partially hydrogenated benzophenanthrenophanediene. Compound 1 contains 40 π electrons, but can be formulated with an inner and an outer [4n + 2] π-electron perimeter.
Efficient Semi-Persistent Scheduling for VoIP on EUTRA Downlink (2008)

Evolved UTRA (EUTRA) is currently under standardization within 3GPP as a long-term evolution (LTE) of universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) air interface. Due to the potentially large number of VoIP users served in this system, related control signaling overhead for VoIP transmissions with traditional full dynamic scheduling scheme could become a bottleneck and limit the system capacity to a greater extent. In this paper, we present a semi-persistent packet scheduling scheme for VoIP to explore the capacity within the limitation of control channel resources. System level simulation results show that semi-persistent scheduling scheme can reduce control channel usage without using packet bundling technique. With 6 control channels, around 310 users per sector can be supported in 5 MHz bandwidth with both discontinuous reception (DRX) enabled and without packet bundling.
Liposome Targeting in Animal Models: Problems and Opportunities (1997)

A comparison has been made of the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of free doxorubicin, and doxorubicin entrapped in non-targeted or targeted long-circulating liposomes in several animal models of cancer. Models included both human and animal solid tumours, and human hematological cancers. Treatments were given either early or late in the tumour development. Solid tumours were implanted either subcutaneously or administered intravenously in pseudometastatic models. Targeting was via whole antibodies against surface epitopes on the cancer cells. In some cases the antibodies were directed against internalizing receptors at the cell surface. A consideration of our experience to date with targeted therapy in animal models of cancer leads us to conclude that the best opportunities for ligand-mediated targeting occur when the targeted liposomal drugs have ready access to the target cell population, e.g. early in the course of the disease when the target cells are present as single cells or small groups of cells, or when the target cells are present as single cells within a readily accessible compartment such as the vasculature. Targeting to internalizing receptors appears to offer some advantages over therapy targeted to non-internalizing receptors at the cell surface.
Cross-Mapping Events in miRNAs Reveal Potential miRNA-Mimics and Evolutionary Implications (2011)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in various biological processes. miRNA cross-mapping is a prevalent phenomenon where miRNA sequence originating from one genomic region is mapped to another location. To have a better understanding of this phenomenon in the human genome, we performed a detailed analysis in this paper using public miRNA high-throughput sequencing data and all known human miRNAs. We observed widespread cross-mapping events between miRNA precursors (pre-miRNAs), other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and the opposite strands of pre-miRNAs by analyzing the high-throughput sequencing data. Computational analysis on all known human miRNAs also confirmed that many of them could be involved in cross-mapping events. The processing or decay of both ncRNAs and pre-miRNA opposite strand transcripts may contribute to miRNA enrichment, although some might be miRNA-mimics due to miRNA mis-annotation. Comparing to canonical miRNAs, miRNAs involved in cross-mapping events between pre-miRNAs and other ncRNAs normally had shorter lengths (17-19 nt), lower prediction scores and were classified as pseudo miRNA precursors. Notably, 4.9% of all human miRNAs could be accurately mapped to the opposite strands of pre-miRNAs, which showed that both strands of the same genomic region had the potential to produce mature miRNAs and simultaneously implied some potential miRNA precursors. We proposed that the cross-mapping events are more complex than we previously thought. Sequence similarity between other ncRNAs and pre-miRNAs and the specific stem-loop structures of pre-miRNAs may provide evolutionary implications.
112. Monothiophthalimide and some derivatives of oxindole (1941)

J. C. Porter, R. Robinson and M. Wyler, J. Chem. Soc., 1941, 620 DOI: 10.1039/JR9410000620
Micro swimming mechanisms propelled by external magnetic fields (1996)

A new type of micro swimming mechanism is proposed for microrobots working in water. It is composed of a small magnet attached to a spiral wire. An external alternating magnetic field causes the magnet to rotate due to magnetic torque. As a result, the mechanism can swim propelled by waves traveling along the spiral. The swimming velocity increases linearly with increasing excitation frequency, and the increasing rate depends on the shape of the spiral. The experimental velocity agrees with the calculation result based upon Lighthill's theory (1975, 1976).
A gel-based method for purification of apolipoprotein A-I from small volumes of plasma (2010)

We present here a gel-based method for rapid purification of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) from small volumes of human plasma. After isolation of high density lipoprotein from plasma, the apoA-I protein was separated by electrophoresis and the apoA-I band excised from the gel. The apoA-I was then eluted from the gel strip, concentrated, and delipidated ready for use. The structure and function of the gel-purified apoA-I protein was compared against apoA-I purified by the traditional size-exclusion chromatography method. The α-helical content of the gel-purified apoA-I as determined by circular dichroism was similar to chromatography-purified apoA-I. The functional activity of gel-purified apoA-I, as determined by cholesterol efflux assays in primary human fibroblasts and RAW264.7 macrophages, was also comparable with chromatography-purified apoA-I. This method is a valid alternative for apoA-I purification with some advantages over traditional chromatography purification including a much reduced plasma volume requirement, less time and cost, and a higher percentage protein recovery. The method is particularly suitable for applications requiring the purification of apoA-I from multiple human or animal samples of interest.
Design of Ring-Oscillator-Based Injection-Locked Frequency Dividers With Single-Phase Inputs (2011)

Ring-oscillator-based injection-locked frequency divider has merits of compact and low power. The multi-phase injection can improve its locking range, but it needs specific multi-phase inputs, which limits the application of this technique. We present a symmetrical injection circuit to generate the multi-phase injection with only single-phase input. Two injection-locked frequency dividers, with divide-by-3 and divide-by-5 operations respectively, were fabricated in 0.18 μ m CMOS technology to verify the proposed design. The locking range of divide-by-3 and divide-by-5 dividers are 1.6 GHz and 0.9 GHz, with 0.24 and 0.7 mW power consumption in 1 V supply voltage, respectively.
The Calcitonin Gene Peptides: Biology and Clinical Relevance (1990)

The calcitonin/CGRP multigene complex encodes a family of peptides: calcitonin, its C-terminal flanking peptide, katacalcin, and a third novel peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The 32-amino acid peptide calcitonin inhibits the osteoclast, thereby conserving skeletal mass during periods of potential calcium lack, such as pregnancy, growth, and lactation. This hormonal role is emphasized by observations that lower circulating calcitonin levels are associated with bone loss and that calcitonin replacement prevents further bone loss. Structurally, CGRP resembles calcitonin and has been implicated in neuromodulation and in the physiological regulation of blood flow. Here we review the molecular genetics, structure, and function of the calcitonin-gene peptides as analyzed in the laboratory and focus on more recent clinical studies relating to disorders and therapeutics.
Aural Stimulation as Add-on to Diet for Weight Loss: A Preliminary Clinical Study (2012)

We investigated the efficacy of bilateral electric auricular nerve stimulation in combination with hypo caloric or high-protein diet in 40 overweighed and obese healthy volunteer patients (4 groups of 10 individuals each) vs. diet alone. After 2 months of simultaneous treatment with electric stimulation and diet there was an average weight loss of 7.07 kg in the hypocaloric group and 9.48 kg in the high-protein one, whereas an average weight loss of 5.9 kg and 7.17 kg were observed with hypocaloric and high-protein diet alone, respectively. These results suggest that bilateral auricular nerve stimulation can help increase the weight loss in patients when used in combination with high-protein diet. Thus weight loss induced by nutritional strategies can safely and effectively be enhanced by neuro-reflexological aural stimulation.
Research on Dual-Operation Mode of 3-level LLC resonant converter (2015)

In order to meet the demands of high efficiency and a wide adaptable range of input voltage, a DualOperation Mode half-bridge LLC converter which can operate in two different modes according to the level of input voltage is obtained by adjusting the driving control strategy of 3-level LLC resonant converter, and the adaptable range of input voltage is doubled with the same parameters of resonant tank. The limiting factors on adaptable range of input voltage are defined by analyzing the voltage gain characteristic and power loss of LLC converter. After analyzing the Dual-Operation Mode of 3-level LLC converter and its influence on the adaptable range of input voltage, the driving control strategy is defined. The characteristic about wide input adaptability and high efficiency of the Dual-Operation Mode half-bridge LLC converter are verified through simulation and experiments.