gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Transport of Cesium and Strontium Ions Through Polymer Inclusion Membranes Containing Calixarenes as Carriers (1998)

Abstract Cs+ and Sr2+ are selectively removed over Na+ from acidic aqueous solutions with high Na+ concentrations by using membranes designed to selectively transport one of the two cations. To this end, calix[4]arene derivatives were used as carriers in polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs). The synthesis and characterization of new calix[4]arene derivatives (a bisamide (2) and three bisesters (3, 5 and 6)) used for the separation of Sr2+ are described. Another bisester (4) was employed for the same separation. In addition, a calix[4]arene-crown-6 (7) was incorporated into the membrane for Cs+ extraction. The concentration of each membrane component (polymer, carrier and counter-ion) was optimized and the permeability coefficients (P, m sec−1) of Cs+, Sr2+ and Na+ were determined. A synergistic effect between the calixarenes and dinonylnaphtalenesulfonic acid, used as counterion, (DNNS, 8) was observed. High selectivity of Cs+ over Na+ and of Sr2+ over Na+ were obtained with compounds 7 and 3, respectively. The best P for Sr2+ was obtained with compound 4. A long-term experiment was carried out to demonstrate the durability of PIMs. PIMs are compared to classical supported liquid membranes.
Birefringent hollow core fibers (2007)

Hollow core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF), fabricated according to a nominally non-birefringent design, shows a degree of un-controlled birefringence or polarization mode dispersion far in excess of conventional non polarization maintaining fibers. This can degrade the output pulse in many applications, and places emphasis on the development of polarization maintaining (PM) HC-PCF. The polarization cross-coupling characteristics of PM HC-PCF are very different from those of conventional PM fibers. The former fibers have the advantage of suffering far less from stressfield fluctuations, but the disadvantage of a higher loss figure and the presence of interface roughness induced modecoupling which increases in strength as birefringence reduces. Close to mode anti-crossing events of one polarization mode, the PM HC-PCF is characterized by high birefringence, a high polarization dependent loss and an increased overlap between the polarization modes at the glass interfaces. The interplay between these effects leads to a wavelength for optimum polarization maintenance, λ<sub>PM</sub>, which is detuned from the wavelength of highest birefringence. By a suitable fiber design involving antiresonance of the core-surround geometry, λ<sub>PM</sub> may coincide with a low-loss wavelength for the signal carrying polarization mode.
A Genetic Fuzzy Decision Agent based on personal ontology for Meeting Scheduling Support System (2004)

A Genetic Fuzzy Decision Agent (GFDA) based on personal ontology for Meeting Scheduling Support System (MS3) is proposed in this paper. We apply the concept of personal ontology to the MS3, and extend the four-layered object-oriented ontology to Personal Meeting Scheduling Ontology (PMSO) for the MS3. When an organization member sends a meeting request with required information to MS3, the MS3 will retrieve the invitees' information from Personal Meeting Scheduling, Ontology (PMSO) Repository and send a response to GFDA. Then, GFDA utilizes these invitees' information along with the PMSO and meeting information to infer the suitable meeting time slots. Therefore, GFDA can analyze each invitee's attendance possibility based on soft-computing technology. The experimental result shows that the proposed GFDA is feasible, efficient and usable for meeting scheduling support system.
[New beta-sympatholytic agents. Synthesis and pharmacological activity of isomeric benzthiazole and benzoxazole derivates (author's transl)]. (1980)

The synthesis and comparative pharmacological studies concerning structure-activity relationship of new benzothiazole, benzisothiazole, benzoxazole, and benisoxazole derivatives with beta-sympatholytic activity are reported. Most of the 4-benzisothiazole derivatives studied strongly act on cardiac beta 1-receptors in rats in situ (2.6-8.3 times propranolol). On the other hand derivatives of 4-benzisoxazole and 5-benzisothiazole are less potent. A strong decrease in activity was observed going from the benzisothiazoles and benzisoxazoles to the isomeric benzthiazoles and benzoxazoles. The active substances also block vascular beta 2-receptors. In the most cases they have little intrinsic adrenergic activity. The observed tendency concerning beta 1-selectivity in rats could not be confirmed in cats. The most potent 4-benzisothiazole derivatives in rats show also - beside some minor differences - very good beta-sympatholytic activity in cats after i.v. as well as after i.d. administration. Similar to the results in rats and cats the 4-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylamino-propoxy)-1,2-benzisothiazole (LU 24329) was found to possess a high activity in conscious dogs by oral or i.v. application. Both in dogs (i.v.) and in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts LU 24329 is eleven times more active than propranolol in blocking beta 1-receptors. A negative inotropic effect as an expression of non-specific membrane-stabilizing action of LU 24329 is also demonstrated in guinea pig hearts. The effective concentration is 4650 times higher than that effective on beta 1-adrenoceptors. The active compounds have a moderate acute toxicity. The LD50 values in mice after i.p. administration are ranging from 55-174% of the propranolol toxicity.
AffectButton: Towards a standard for dynamic affective user feedback (2009)

Emotions are an important aspect of life. Persons have emotions while using products and technology. It is becoming more and more important to be able to assess these emotions for multiple reasons: (a) to develop better products, (b) to better understand how the user interacts with products, and (c) because the affective state of the user is of importance to the product itself (e.g., in the case of social software, persuasive computing, recommendation). In general there are two ways of extracting affective user feedback: explicit and implicit. Here we present a new interface component that enables users to give explicit affective feedback in a flexible and dynamic way. We call this component the AffectButton. Based on statistical analysis of affective user input gathered with the AffectButton in three user studies, we present evidence that users can use the button effectively to enter affective feedback. Furthermore, the feedback is reliable and valid.
Spatial Angular Compounding for Elastography without the Incompressibility Assumption (2005)

Spatial-angular compounding is a new technique that enables the reduction of noise artifacts in ultrasound elastography. Previous results using spatial angular compounding, however, were based on the use of the tissue incompressibility assumption. Compounded elastograms were obtained from a spatially-weighted average of local strain estimated from radiofrequency echo signals acquired at different insonification angles. In this paper, we present a new method for reducing the noise artifacts in the axial strain elastogram utilizing a least-squares approach on the angular displacement estimates that does not use the incompressibility assumption. This method produces axial strain elastograms with higher image quality, compared to noncompounded axial strain elastograms, and is referred to as the least-squares angular-compounding approach for elastography. To distinguish between these two angular compounding methods, the spatial-angular compounding with angular weighting based on the tissue incompressibility assumption is referred to as weighted compounding. In this paper, we compare the performance of the two angular-compounding techniques for elastography using beam steering on a linear-array transducer. Quantitative experimental results demonstrate that least-squares compounding provides comparable but smaller improvements in both the elastographic signal-to-noise ratio and the contrast-to-noise ratio, as compared to the weighted-compounding method. Ultrasound simulation results suggest that the least-squares compounding method performs better and provide accurate and robust results when compared to the weighted compounding method, in the case where the incompressibility assumption does not hold.
Optical diffraction from a liquid crystal phase grating (2002)

The finite-difference time-domain method has been used in the numerical analysis of the optical diffraction properties of a liquid crystal phase grating. The grating is formed using a nematic material that is switched using striped electrodes with a unity mark-space ratio. Three different surface pretilts have been investigated: 0°, 30° parallel, and 30° antiparallel. The tilt geometry determines the degree of suppression of the zero order and the asymmetry of the diffraction. Highly efficient beam-steering devices are shown to be possible using the antiparallel tilt alignment.
Biology of C-Reactive Protein and the Acute Phase Response (1982)

In the nearly half century since its discovery, interest in CRP has waxed and waned. That interest has now been intensified, both because of recognition that CRP is prototypical of a family of acute phase proteins, including serum amyloid, and because it can now be seen as one of a unique class of proteins that may represent a host defense system that parallels but is distinct from immunologic response.
Damage Tolerance of Laminated Composites Containing an Open Hole and Subjected to Compressive Loadings: Part I—Analysis (1991)

An analytical investigation was performed to study the damage in laminated composites containing an open hole and subjected to compressive loading. A progressive damage model was developed during the investigation to predict the extent and the failure modes of the internal damage in the laminates as a function of the applied load and to simulate the in-plane response of the laminates from initial loading to final collapse. The model consists of a stress analysis and a failure analysis. Stresses and strains inside the laminates were calculated by a nonlinear finite element analysis which is based on finite deformation theory with consideration of material and geometric nonlinearities. The types and extent of damage in the material were predicted by a failure analysis which includes a set of proposed failure criteria and material degradation models. Numerical results from the model were compared with the data which were obtained during the investigation and are presented in a companion paper [1]. Good agreements were found between the predictions and the test results. A computer code was developed based on the model which can be used as a tool for sizing and designing composite plates containing holes and subjected to compression.
Improving restore speed for backup systems that use inline chunk-based deduplication (2013)

Slow restoration due to chunk fragmentation is a serious problem facing inline chunk-based data deduplication systems: restore speeds for the most recent backup can drop orders of magnitude over the lifetime of a system. We study three techniques--increasing cache size, container capping, and using a forward assembly area-- for alleviating this problem. Container capping is an ingest-time operation that reduces chunk fragmentation at the cost of forfeiting some deduplication, while using a forward assembly area is a new restore-time caching and prefetching technique that exploits the perfect knowledge of future chunk accesses available when restoring a backup to reduce the amount of RAM required for a given level of caching at restore time.We show that using a larger cache per stream--we see continuing benefits even up to 8 GB--can produce up to a 5-16X improvement, that giving up as little as 8% deduplication with capping can yield a 2-6X improvement, and that using a forward assembly area is strictly superior to LRU, able to yield a 2-4X improvement while holding the RAM budget constant.
Spider sedation induced by defensive chemicals of milliped prey (1984)

Wolf spiders (Lycosa spp.) show delayed induced sedation (total immobilization) of prolonged duration (in the order of days) after attacks upon millipeds (Glomeris marginata). The sedation is specifically attributable to glomerin and homoglomerin, two previously characterized quinazolinones present in the defensive secretion of Glomeris. Median sedative doses for the quinazolinones are in the range of 1-7 mug per spider, a fraction of the total (60-90 mug) present in the secretion of medium to full-grown millipeds. A sedative effect upon an invertebrate predator has not previously been demonstrated for an animal defense. Quinazolinones include the synthetic drug methaqualone (Quaalude), a potent human sedative.
Automatic multilead VCG based approach for QT interval measurement (2006)

The precision of QT interval measures depends on the correct location of QRS and T boundaries and also on the analysing lead. The usual automatic strategy to deal with multiple leads is to apply post-processing decision rules for selecting one of the single-lead (SL) measures. We proposed a multilead VCG strategy that locates the onset and the end of the QT interval, attending to an optimal transformed lead according to the spatial characteristics of the VCG. The performance was evaluated over the CSE database considering different VCG systems: corrected Frank system (lead set F), pseudo-orthogonal leads V5, aVF and V2 (M) and the X, Y and Z leads derived by Dower transformation (D). Multilead delineation over F achieved a better results than any single lead by itself or any other lead set, with an error dispersion similar to SL over 12 leads plus decision rules. The multilead approach is validated in the PTB database, in the Physionet/CinC Challenge 2006, with final scores of 27.04, 27.81 and 28.96, over F, M and D, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Preparation and Morphology Characteristics of Y3Fe5O12. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Exendin-4, but not dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition, increases small intestinal mass in GK rats (2007)

Long-term treatment with dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPPIV-I) or glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogs may potentially affect intestinal growth by down- or upregulating the intestinotrophic hormone GLP-2. This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats. Some animals were observed additionally for 9 wk after the end of treatment. Both treatments lowered glycated hemoglobin A1c at wk 12 vs. control (Ex-4, -0.8%; DPPIV-I, -0.4%). Body weight was reduced by Ex-4 compared with control (361 +/- 4 vs. 399 +/- 5 g; P < 0.001) because of reduced food intake, whereas neither parameter was affected by DPPIV-I. Linear bone growth was unaffected by either treatment. After treatment end, food intake in Ex-4 animals increased, and, by wk 21, body weight was identical in all groups. The small intestine of Ex-4-treated animals was larger at wk 12 compared with control (length, 135.6 +/- 1.6 vs. 124.5 +/- 2.3 cm, P < 0.001; absolute weight, 8.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 6.4 +/- 0.4 g, P < 0.001), being most pronounced proximally, where the absolute cross-sectional area related to body weight increased by 24% because of increased mucosal thickness. These effects were reversible, and 9 wk after the end of treatment, no differences between Ex-4 and control were apparent. Plasma GLP-2 concentrations were unaltered by either treatment, and Ex-4 had no agonistic or antagonistic effects on the transfected GLP-2 receptor. DPPIV-I had no intestinal effects. In conclusion, the continued presence of Ex-4 is necessary to maintain weight loss in GK rats. Effective antihyperglycemic treatment with Ex-4 increases intestinal mass reversibly, whereas DPPIV-I lacks intestinal effects.
Infinite Mixture Prototypes for Few-Shot Learning (2019)

We propose infinite mixture prototypes to adaptively represent both simple and complex data distributions for few-shot learning. Our infinite mixture prototypes represent each class by a set of clusters, unlike existing prototypical methods that represent each class by a single cluster. By inferring the number of clusters, infinite mixture prototypes interpolate between nearest neighbor and prototypical representations, which improves accuracy and robustness in the few-shot regime. We show the importance of adaptive capacity for capturing complex data distributions such as alphabets, with 25% absolute accuracy improvements over prototypical networks, while still maintaining or improving accuracy on the standard Omniglot and mini-ImageNet benchmarks. In clustering labeled and unlabeled data by the same clustering rule, infinite mixture prototypes achieves state-of-the-art semi-supervised accuracy. As a further capability, we show that infinite mixture prototypes can perform purely unsupervised clustering, unlike existing prototypical methods.
Discovering the Scope of Privacy Needs in Collaborative Search (2008)

Collaborative search engines (CSE) are an upcoming trend in WWW search. CSE let knowledge workers concert their efforts and support user collaboration. However, search terms and links clicked that are shared among users reveal their interests, habits, social relations and intentions. Thus, CSE might put the privacy of the users at risk. In this paper, we describe our first steps towards discovering the scope of privacy needs in CSE. We identify common components of CSE, and we describe typical use cases and user groups. Based on these information, we explore the range of privacy threats that might arise from query and link sharing. Furthermore, we outline a conceptual framework to explore the privacy needs of CSE users. Finally, we describe two findings from preliminary study results: First, our participants were less concerned about what providers might learn, but wanted to restrict information disclosed to people in their social network. Second, we have identified a new class of reciprocal privacy preferences, which allow or prohibit information disclose depending on the behavior of others.
Study on K-anonymity Models of Sharing Medical Information (2007)

Today's globally networked society places great demand on sharing of information. Chinese Medical industry is undergoing a drastic Informationization process while privacy concerns arise. This paper discusses the threatening due to information share in medical industry, especially in a well-informatinized society. We first thoroughly describe the present situation of China Medical informatization level and explain the necessity of cross-organizational information share. The specific problem called linking attack is illustrated. We also formulated a corresponding anonymity model and exemplified the Generalization and Suppression techniques it utilizes to preserve privacy. Then we give an overview of present research areas and classical algorithms. Next, more detailed attacking conditions and the characteristic of medical information are taking into consideration. We formulated a Modified Entropy 1-diversity model which was an extension of the basic k-anonymity. Finally, we look forward to possible future researches.
Low-Power Global/Rolling Shutter Image Sensors in Silicon on Sapphire Technology (2005)

A variety of low-power global shutter (snapshot) and rolling shutter active pixel sensors (APS) in silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) technology are presented. Utilizing the floating gate NMOS photodetector, operating in a lateral bipolar transistor (LBT) mode, the described imagers are expected to achieve high responsivity and are mostly suitable for low-power applications. The proposed global shutter sensors enable imaging of fast moving objects in the field of view. Power dissipation of the proposed imagers is reduced by employing an advanced gate-diffusion input (GDI) technique, used for the sensor digital periphery implementation. A test chip, consisting of four different 32/spl times/32 global shutter and rolling shutter image sensor arrays, operating at a power supply ranging from 1.2 V to 3 V, has been implemented in a Peregrine's 0.5 /spl mu/m SOS technology. System architectures and operation of the presented imagers are discussed, and a comparison with existing APS structures is presented as well.
Fully Digital Beamforming Receiver With a Real-Time Calibration for 5G Mobile Communication (2019)

This paper presents a fully digital beamforming receiver (FDBR) using a method that calibrates the signals of all chains in real time, and is targeted for 5G mobile communication. In the real-time calibration method, the received signals of all chains are adjusted to correct the errors of phase and amplitude using the in-band signal other than operating frequency for calibration. The proposed FDBR with real-time calibration is designed and fabricated. The FDBR consists of eight chains of the tapered slot antenna (TSA) element, low noise block (LNB), and software defined radios (SDRs). The 1 × 8 array TSA with the directional coupler and the 1:8 divider is designed to send eight uniform calibration signals along with the received signal of all the chains. In SDR, the digital phase shifter and the real-time calibration blocks are implemented to realize digital beamforming. The digital phase shifter has an extremely high resolution of 0.72°. After using the real-time calibration method, the average of measured phase and amplitude error between each chain is less than 0.9° and 0.5 dB, respectively. To verify the beamforming performance of the FDBR, the simulation radiation pattern and the measurement radiation pattern are compared for 0°, ±15°, ±30°, and ±45° beam angles. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measured results. An excellent beamforming performance is achieved in the 1 × 8 array FDBR using the real-time calibration.
Rubber: Newer theoretical and practical developments (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRubber: Newer theoretical and practical developmentsHarry L. Fisher Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1931, 8, 1, 7Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1931Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 January 1931Published inissue 1 January 1931https://doi.org/10.1021/ed008p7RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (10 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts