gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY OF RIB FRACTURES (1994)

The incidence of rib fractures secondary to trauma has not been clearly reported. Of the 7147 patients seen by our trauma service from January 1987 to June 1992, 711 (10%) had rib fractures. Among the patients with rib fractures, 84 (12%) died, 670 (94%) had associated injuries, 274 (32%) had a hemothorax or pneumothorax, and 187 (26%) had a lung contusion. Fifty-five percent of the patients required an immediate operation or admission to the intensive care unit. Thirty-five percent of the patients required discharge to an extended care facility and 35% developed a pulmonary complication. We conclude that rib fractures are a marker of severe injury in which (1) 12% will die because of their injuries, (2) more than 90% will have associated injuries, (3) one half will require operative and ICU care, (4) one third will develop pulmonary complications, and (5) one third will require discharge to an extended care facility.
Fabrication of Lead-Free Piezoelectric KNbO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Modified Solid State Reaction Method (2006)

Potassium niobate (KNbO3) fine powder has been successfully synthesized at a low temperature of 500 °C through a modified solid state reaction, in which urea [CO(NH2)2] plays an important role. High-density KNbO3 ceramics can be obtained by the conventional sintering of the synthesized KNbO3 fine powder with the addition of 1 mol % Co3O4, which is a sintering additive. Their crystal structure, microstructure, and dielectric and piezoelectric properties were characterized. The KNbO3 ceramics show a comparatively saturated P–E hysteresis loop. The remnant polarization and coercive field are 14 µC/cm2 and 16 kV/cm, respectively. The KNbO3 ceramics also show piezoelectricity with a planar electromechanical coupling factor, kp, of 16%.
Inductive power transfer to an electric vehicle-analytical model (2002)

The roadway powered electric vehicle (RPEV) system is a unique electric vehicle system that receives electric power by inductive coupling from an inductor buried beneath the road surface. The analytical model of the system that transfers power from the wayside to the vehicle battery and DC traction motor is analyzed. This model includes the roadway inductor, the vehicle-mounted pick up inductor, and the onboard circuitry for control/conditioning of the coupled power. The equivalent circuit model of the inductive power coupling system is derived. Based on this model, the electrical characteristics of the system are explained. Trade-offs in selecting system parameters are discussed. All test results have tended to confirm simulation results obtained using the analytical model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
NEW BLUE CROSSLINKABLE POLYMERS FOR ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES (2001)

Here, we report on new blue electroluminescence (EL) crosslinkable polymers containing fluorene/phenylene alternating repeating units. Additionally, they contain polymerizable oxetane groups attached through flexible hexyloxy chains to phenylene units of the polymer backbone. The copolymers were synthesized via Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactions. The copolymers obtained were found to be soluble and easily processable from common organic solvents such as chloroform or toluene and have been characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The degree of polymerization has been determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The thermal properties of the copolymers have been characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The optical properties of the polymers were investigated in solution by UV/VIS spectroscopy. The polymers were photo-crosslinked in spin-coated thin films to yield insoluble networks.
Organophosphorus and other inhibitors of brain ‘neurotoxic esterase’ and the development of delayed neurotoxicity in hens (1970)

1. The delayed neurotoxic effects of some organophosphorus compounds are associated with phosphorylation of the active site of a nervous-tissue enzyme capable of hydrolysing phenyl phenylacetate. 2. Neurotoxic organophosphorus compounds and some carbamates and sulphonyl fluorides progressively inhibit the enzyme, attaching a substituent covalently at the active site. 3. Prolonged inhibition of the enzyme by phenyl N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate or phenylmethane-sulphonyl fluoride does not lead to neurotoxic effects. 4. Prior inhibition of the enzyme by carbamates or sulphonyl fluorides in vivo prevents the neurotoxic effects of several organophosphorus compounds. 5. After dosage of hens with protective compounds, protection lasts until about 70% of the enzyme site again becomes available for phosphorylation. 6. Reaction of all the inhibitors at the active site of the enzyme leads to the same inhibitory effect with respect to hydrolysis of phenyl phenylacetate but does not in all cases lead to delayed neurotoxicity. It is concluded that the nature of the group substituted at the enzyme active site determines the toxic response.
BlueDetect: An iBeacon-Enabled Scheme for Accurate and Energy-Efficient Indoor-Outdoor Detection and Seamless Location-Based Service (2016)

The location and contextual status (indoor or outdoor) is fundamental and critical information for upper-layer applications, such as activity recognition and location-based services (LBS) for individuals. In addition, optimizations of building management systems (BMS), such as the pre-cooling or heating process of the air-conditioning system according to the human traffic entering or exiting a building, can utilize the information, as well. The emerging mobile devices, which are equipped with various sensors, become a feasible and flexible platform to perform indoor-outdoor (IO) detection. However, power-hungry sensors, such as GPS and WiFi, should be used with caution due to the constrained battery storage on mobile device. We propose BlueDetect: an accurate, fast response and energy-efficient scheme for IO detection and seamless LBS running on the mobile device based on the emerging low-power iBeacon technology. By leveraging the on-broad Bluetooth module and our proposed algorithms, BlueDetect provides a precise IO detection service that can turn on/off on-board power-hungry sensors smartly and automatically, optimize their performances and reduce the power consumption of mobile devices simultaneously. Moreover, seamless positioning and navigation services can be realized by it, especially in a semi-outdoor environment, which cannot be achieved by GPS or an indoor positioning system (IPS) easily. We prototype BlueDetect on Android mobile devices and evaluate its performance comprehensively. The experimental results have validated the superiority of BlueDetect in terms of IO detection accuracy, localization accuracy and energy consumption.
The Steady‐State Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz and Nevirapine When Used in Combination in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Infected Persons (2001)

The steady-state pharmacokinetics of efavirenz and nevirapine, when used in combination to treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected subjects, were investigated. HIV-1-infected persons who had used efavirenz (600 mg once daily) for > or =2 weeks were eligible for study inclusion. The plasma pharmacokinetics of efavirenz were determined over 24 h. Subsequently, nevirapine (400 mg once daily) was added to the regimen. After 4 weeks, the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz and nevirapine were assessed over 24 h. The differences between the pharmacokinetic parameters of efavirenz with and without nevirapine were analyzed, and the pharmacokinetics of nevirapine were compared with those in historical control patients. The exposure to efavirenz when combined with nevirapine was significantly decreased by 22% (area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve), 36% (minimum plasma concentration), and 17% (maximum plasma concentration). Nevirapine pharmacokinetics appear to be unaffected by coadministration of efavirenz, compared with data from historical control patients.
Introduction (1987)

In 1809 the poet William Blake wrote: Of Chaucer's characters, as described in his Canterbury Tales, some of the names or titles are altered by time, but the characters themselves for ever remain unaltered, and consequently they are the physiognomies or lineaments of universal human life, beyond which Nature never steps. Names alter, things never alter. I have known multitudes of those who would have been monks in the age of monkery, who in this deistical age are deists.
The structure of the yeast ribosomal RNA genes. 4. Complete sequence of the 25 S rRNA gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1981)

The complete nucleotide sequence of the 25 S rRNA gene from one rDNA repeating unit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been determined. The corresponding 25 S rRNA molecule contains 3392 nucleotides and has an estimated relative molecular mass (Mr, Na-salt) or 1.17 x 10(6). Striking sequence homology is observed with known 5'- and 3'-end terminal segments of L-rRNA from other eukaryotes. Possible models of interaction with 5.8 S rRNA are discussed.
Double Carbon Coating of LiFePO<sub>4</sub> as High Rate Electrode for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (2010)

Micrometer-size LiFePO4 spheres with homogeneous double carbon coating layers have been prepared as potential electrode materials for battery applications. The double carbon-coated LiFePO4 electrodes in a lithium-ion cell exhibited discharge capacities of the order of 160 mAh g−1 and 115 mAh g−1 at 25 °C under 0.1 C-rate and 10 C-rate, respectively. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Schottky Quantum Dot Solar Cells Stable in Air under Solar Illumination (2010)

The air stability and power conversion efficiency of solution-processed PbS quantum dot solar cells is dramatically improved by the insertion of 0.8 nm LiF between the PbS nanoparticle film and the Al contact.
Limited Interference at the Early Stage of Infection between Two Recombinant Novirhabdoviruses: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus and Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (2010)

The genome sequence of a hypervirulent novirhabdovirus, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) French strain 23-75, was determined. Compared to the genome of the prototype Fil3 strain, a number of substitutions, deletions, and insertions were observed. Following the establishment of a plasmid-based minigenome replication assay, recombinant VHSV (rVHSV) was successfully recovered. rVHSV exhibits wild-type-like growth properties in vitro as well as in vivo in rainbow trout. The dispensable role of NV for the novirhabdovirus replication was confirmed by generating rVHSV-DeltaNV, in which the NV gene was deleted. This deletion mutant was shown to be as debilitated as that previously described for infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), a distantly related novirhabdovirus (S. Biacchesi, M. I. Thoulouze, M. Bearzotti, Y. X. Yu, and M. Bremont, J. Virol. 74:11247-11253, 2000). Recombinant VHSV and IHNV expressing tdTomato and GFP(max) reporter genes, respectively, were generated, demonstrating the potential of these rhabdoviruses to serve as viral vectors. Interestingly, rIHNV-GFP(max) could be recovered using the replicative complex proteins of either virus, whereas rVHSV-Tomato could be recovered only by using its own replicative complex, reflecting that the genome signal sequences of VHSV are relatively distant from those of IHNV and do not allow their cross-recognition. Moreover, the use of heterologous protein combinations underlined the importance of strong protein-protein interactions for the formation of a functional ribonucleoprotein complex. The rIHNV-GFP(max) and rVHSV-Tomato viruses were used to simultaneously coinfect cell monolayers. It was observed that up to 74% of the cell monolayer was coinfected by both viruses, demonstrating that a limited interference phenomenon exists during the early stage of primary infection, and it was not mediated by a cellular antiviral protein or by some of the viral proteins.
Homogeneous gas phase chemiluminescence measurement of reactive hydrocarbon air pollutants by reaction with oxygen atoms (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHomogeneous gas phase chemiluminescence measurement of reactive hydrocarbon air pollutants by reaction with oxygen atomsArthur Fontijn and Roy EllisonCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1975, 9, 13, 1157–1163Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/es60111a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (806 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enforcing Security Mechanisms in the IP-Based Internet of Things: An Algorithmic Overview (2013)

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the Internet-like structure of billions of interconnected constrained devices, denoted as “smart objects”. Smart objects have limited capabilities, in terms of computational power and memory, and might be battery-powered devices, thus raising the need to adopt particularly energy efficient technologies. Among the most notable challenges that building interconnected smart objects brings about, there are standardization and interoperability. The use of IP has been foreseen as the standard for interoperability for smart objects. As billions of smart objects are expected to come to life and IPv4 addresses have eventually reached depletion, IPv6 has been identified as a candidate for smart-object communication. The deployment of the IoT raises many security issues coming from (i) the very nature of smart objects, e.g., the adoption of lightweight cryptographic algorithms, in terms of processing and memory requirements; and (ii) the use of standard protocols, e.g., the need to minimize the amount of data exchanged between nodes. This paper provides a detailed overview of the security challenges related to the deployment of smart objects. Security protocols at network, transport, and application layers are discussed, together with lightweight cryptographic algorithms proposed to be used instead of conventional and demanding ones, in terms of computational resources. Security aspects, such as key distribution and security bootstrapping, and application scenarios, such as secure data aggregation and service authorization, are also discussed.
SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis for N-Terminal Protein Sequencing (2003)

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS-PAGE) is a very common technique used for analysis of complex mixtures of polypeptides. It has great resolving powers, is rapid, and is suitable for proteins of either acidic or basic pI. The last is because the protein is reacted with SDS, which binds to the protein in the approximate ratio 1.4:1 (SDS:protein, w/w) and imparts a negative charge to the SDS-protein complex. The charged complexes move towards the anode when placed in an electric field, and are separated on the basis of differences in charge and size. SDS-PAGE is commonly used to estimate a protein’s molecular weight, but estimates are approximate (being termed “apparent molecular weights”) and sometimes prone to marked error. For instance, disproportionately large increases in apparent molecular weight may occur upon covalent phosphorylation of a protein (1), or artificial entrapment of phosphoric acid (2). Most designs of SDS-PAGE employ a “stacking gel.” Such a system enables concentration of a sample from a comparatively large volume to a very small zone within the gel. The proteins within this zone are concentrated into very narrow bands, making them not only more easily detected but also better resolved from neighboring bands of other proteins. The principle involved in this protein concentration (or ”stacking”) is that of isotachophoresis. It is set up by making a stacking gel on top of the ”separating gel,” which is of a different pH.
Studies Concerning the Infrared Spectra of Some Substituted Benzofuran Derivatives (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies Concerning the Infrared Spectra of Some Substituted Benzofuran DerivativesW. W. Epstein, W. J. Horton, and C. T. LinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 4, 1246–1247Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01015a505https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01015a505research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Redox Catalysis in Zeolites (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fault Diagnosis and Classification in Urban Rail Vehicle Auxiliary Inverter Based on Wavelet Packet and Elman Neural Network (2013)

In this paper we present a novel method in fault recognition and classification in urban rail vehicle auxiliary inverter based on wavelet packet and Elman neural network. First, the original fault voltage signals are decomposed by wavelet packet. Next, an automatic feature extraction algorithm is constructed. Finally, those wavelet packet energy eigenvectors are used as Elman neural network input parameters to realize intelligent fault diagnosis. The result shows that the Elman neural network is better than BP neural network, it is effective to distinguish the state of the urban rail vehicle auxiliary inverter.
RECOGNITION OF VEHICLE NUMBER PLATES (2008)

This work deals with problematic from field of artificial intelligence, machine vision and neural networks in construction of an automatic number plate recognition system.
Computer Vision Methods for Guitarist Left-Hand Fingering Recognition (2007)

This thesis presents a method to visually detect and recognize fingering gestures of the left hand of a guitarist. The choice of computer vision to perform that task is motivated by the absence of a satisfying method for realtime guitarist fingering detection. The development of this computer vision method follows preliminary manual and automated analyses of video recordings of a guitarist. These first analyses led to some important findings about the design methodology of such a system, namely the focus on the effective gesture, the consideration of the action of each individual finger, and a recognition system not relying on comparison against a knowledge-base of previously learned fingering positions. Motivated by these results, studies on three important aspects of a complete fingering system were conducted. One study was on realtime finger-localization, another on string and fret detection, and the last on movement segmentation. Finally, these concepts were integrated into a prototype and a system for left-hand fingering detection was developed. Such a data acquisition system for fingering retrieval has uses in music theory, music education, automatic music and accompaniment generation and physical modeling. ii
From linear to non-linear reading: a case study to provide Internet access to paper documents (2002)

The authors consider the construction of hypertext from scanned paper material. They consider textual links as well as text-figure and text-figure label links. This process of hypertext creation encompasses a number of document structures and methods for going from one document representation to the other. These are described and exemplified by a case study of turning a manual into an electronic hypertext book. They further discuss the Netscape based interface to the system. The hypermanual considered in the paper is accessible through their Web page.
Trastuzumab-induced cardiac dysfunction: A 'dual-hit'. (2011)

Trastuzumab (Trz) is a monoclonal antibody against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 that is found to be overexpressed in 25% to 30% of breast cancer patients. In spite of the therapeutic benefits of Trz, cardiotoxic side effects are still an issue. This effect is potentiated particularly when Trz is administered following doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. Among the various mechanisms that may account for DOX and Trz-induced cardiotoxicity, the role of oxidative stress has gained significant support. The present review discusses the evidence supporting the hypothesis that oxidative stress comes from multiple sources through an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species and/or a decrease in antioxidant defense systems. The adjuvant use of Trz can potentiate cardiomyocyte damage through a 'dual-hit' mechanism, which includes inhibition of the neuregulin-1 survival signalling pathway and angiotensin II-induced activation of NADPH oxidase, with the ability to further increase reactive oxygen species production. Preventive therapies for DOX- and Trz-induced cardiac dysfunction have eluded investigators, but may include the prophylactic use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers and use of antioxidants. Thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to this characteristic drug-induced cardiomyopathy, as well as potential cardioprotective strategies is required.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Protocol for the Formation of N‐(p‐Nitrobenzyloxy) aminoalditol Derivatives of Oligosaccharides. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.