gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proteomic Screen Identifies IGFBP7 as a Novel Component of Endothelial Cell-Specific Weibel-Palade Bodies (2012)

Vascular endothelial cells contain unique storage organelles, designated Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs), that deliver inflammatory and hemostatic mediators to the vascular lumen in response to agonists like thrombin and vasopressin. The main component of WPBs is von Willebrand factor (VWF), a multimeric glycoprotein crucial for platelet plug formation. In addition to VWF, several other components are known to be stored in WPBs, like osteoprotegerin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and angiopoetin-2 (Ang-2). Here, we used an unbiased proteomics approach to identify additional residents of WPBs. Mass spectrometry analysis of purified WPBs revealed the presence of several known components such as VWF, Ang-2, and P-selectin. Thirty-five novel candidate WPB residents were identified that included insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP7), which has been proposed to regulate angiogenesis. Immunocytochemistry revealed that IGFBP7 is a bona fide WPB component. Cotransfection studies showed that IGFBP7 trafficked to pseudo-WPB in HEK293 cells. Using a series of deletion variants of VWF, we showed that targeting of IGFBP7 to pseudo-WPBs was dependent on the carboxy-terminal D4-C1-C2-C3-CK domains of VWF. IGFBP7 remained attached to ultralarge VWF strings released upon exocytosis of WPBs under flow. The presence of IGFBP7 in WPBs highlights the role of this subcellular compartment in regulation of angiogenesis.
Eddy covariance measurements of sea spray particles over the Atlantic Ocean (2008)

Abstract. Most estimates of sea spray aerosol source functions have used indirect means to infer the rate of production as a function of wind speed. Only recently has the technology become available to make high frequency measurements of aerosol spectra suitable for direct eddy correlation determination of the sea spray particle flux. This was accomplished in this study by combining a newly developed fast aerosol particle counter with an ultrasonic anemometer which allowed for eddy covariance measurements of size-segregated particle fluxes. The aerosol instrument is the Compact Lightweight Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (CLASP) – capable of measuring 8-channel size spectra for mean radii between 0.15 and 3.5 µm at 10 Hz. The first successful measurements were made during the Waves, Air Sea Fluxes, Aerosol and Bubbles (WASFAB) field campaign in October 2005 in Duck (NC, USA). The method and initial results are presented and comparisons are made with recent sea spray source functions from the literature.
A Case for Optimistic Coordination in HPC Storage Systems (2012)

High-performance computing (HPC) storage systems rely on access coordination to ensure that concurrent updates do not produce incoherent results. HPC storage systems typically employ pessimistic distributed locking to provide this functionality in cases where applications cannot perform their own coordination. This approach, however, introduces significant performance overhead and complicates fault handling. In this work we evaluate the viability of optimistic conditional storage operations as an alternative to distributed locking in HPC storage systems. We investigate design strategies and compare the two approaches in a prototype object storage system using a parallel read/modify/write benchmark. Our prototype illustrates that conditional operations can be easily integrated into distributed object storage systems and can outperform standard coordination primitives for simple update workloads. Our experiments show that conditional updates can achieve over two orders of magnitude higher performance than pessimistic locking for some parallel read/modify/write workloads.
Regression Diagnostics -- Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity (1981)

1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Detecting Influential Observations and Outliers. 3. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity. 4. Applications and Remedies. 5. Research Issues and Directions for Extensions. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.
Human anti-microbial cathelicidin peptide LL-37 suppresses the LPS-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells (2011)

Sepsis is a systemic disease resulting from harmful host response to bacterial infections. During the exacerbation of severe sepsis or septic shock, apoptosis of endothelial cells is induced in susceptible organs such as the lung and liver and triggers microcirculatory disorder and organ dysfunction. LPS, an outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria, is one of the major virulence factors for the pathogenesis. We previously reported that LL-37, a human anti-microbial cathelicidin peptide, potently neutralizes the biological activity of LPS and protects mice from lethal endotoxin shock. However, the effect of LL-37 on the LPS-induced endothelial cell apoptosis remains to be clarified. In this study, to further elucidate the action of LL-37 on severe sepsis/endotoxin shock, we investigated the effects of LL-37 on the LPS-induced endothelial cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo using lung-derived normal human microvascular blood vessel endothelial cells (HMVEC-LBls) and D-galactosamine hydrochloride (D-GalN)-sensitized murine endotoxin shock model. LL-37 suppressed the LPS-induced apoptosis of HMVEC-LBls. In addition, LL-37 inhibited the binding of LPS possibly to the LPS receptors (CD14 and toll-like receptor 4) expressed on the cells. Thus, LL-37 can suppress the LPS-induced apoptosis of HMVEC-LBls via the inhibition of LPS binding to the cells. Furthermore, LL-37 drastically suppressed the apoptosis of hepatic endothelial cells as well as hepatocytes in the liver of murine endotoxin shock model. Together, these observations suggest that LL-37 could suppress the LPS-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells, thereby attenuating lethal sepsis/endotoxin shock.
High-quality single-layer graphene via reparative reduction of graphene oxide (2011)

Reduction of graphene oxide (GO) is a promising low-cost synthetic approach to bulk graphene, which offers an accessible route to transparent conducting films and flexible electronics. Unfortunately, the release of oxygen-containing functional groups inevitably leaves behind vacancies and topological defects on the reduced GO sheet, and its low electrical conductivity hinders the development of practical applications. Here, we present a strategy for real-time repair of the newborn vacancies with carbon radicals produced by thermal decomposition of a suitable precursor. The sheet conductivity of thus-obtained single-layer graphene was raised more than six-fold to 350–410 S/cm (whilst retaining >96% transparency). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the conductivity enhancement can be attributed to the formation of additional sp2-C structures. This method provides a simple and efficient process for obtaining highly conductive transparent graphene films.
The Decomposition of Alkyllead Compounds<sup>*</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Decomposition of Alkyllead Compounds*George Calingaert, Hymin Shapiro, F. J. Dykstra, and Lewis HessCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 11, 3902–3906Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01191a111https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01191a111research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES ON EDUCATION (1973)

Policy Studies JournalVolume 2, Issue 1 p. 25-30 SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES ON EDUCATION Jack Thomas, Jack Thomas College of Education, University of IllinoisSearch for more papers by this author Jack Thomas, Jack Thomas College of Education, University of IllinoisSearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1973 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1973.tb00118.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume2, Issue1September 1973Pages 25-30 RelatedInformation
High speed coherent switching below the Stoner-Wohlfarth limit (1994)

Measurements of the switching characteristics of high coercivity magnetic tapes for field pulse widths /spl ges/0.6 ns have been reported previously. In an effort to develop a simple theoretical framework in which to develop a simple magnetization dynamics, the well established Gilbert form of the Landau-Lifshitz equation, applied to a uniaxial, single domain particle with uniform magnetization was chosen. The results which were obtained using straightforward numerical methods show that when the damping constant /spl alpha/<1, coherent switching will sometimes occur well below the Stoner-Wohlfarth threshold. The amount of deviation which is significant over a wide range of experimentally observable parameters increases as /spl alpha/ and the pulse rise time decrease. The deviation is due to the nonequilibrium condition which arises for small values of /spl alpha/ pulse rise time. The final position is always the expected Stoner-Wohlfarth equilibrium position.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Emissivity of silicon wafers during rapid thermal processing</title> (1991)

The emissivity of silicon wafers was measured for two specfic conditions. Firstly the emissivity of silicon wafers below 700 C was studied. Also the influence of front-side and back-side implantation on the emissivity was studied. It was found that a highly doped wafer or an epi-wafer with a higly doped bulk have a high emissivity which is independent of temperature. Secondly the influence of back-side roughness on emissivity was measured. It was shown the the intrinsic emissivity for a silicon wafer (outside the chamber) is merely changed for moderate roughnesses. On the other hand the effective emissivity inside a reflective chamber is sensitive to back-side roughness even for moderate roughnesses. Finally it was shown that wafers with an anti-reflective back-side layer (e. g. quarter wavelength oxide or oxinitride) behave like a nearly perfect black-body at the pyrometer wavelength. 1.
Bacteremic Typhoid Fever in Children in an Urban Slum, Bangladesh (2005)

We confirmed a bacteremic typhoid fever incidence of 3.9 episodes/1,000 person-years during fever surveillance in a Dhaka urban slum. The relative risk for preschool children compared with older persons was 8.9. Our regression model showed that these children were clinically ill, which suggests a role for preschool immunization.
Hippocampal-Neocortical Interactions in Memory Formation, Consolidation, and Reconsolidation (2009)

This review, focusing on work using animals, updates a theoretical approach whose aim is to translate neuropsychological ideas about the psychological and anatomical organization of memory into the neurobiological domain. It is suggested that episodic-like memory consists of both automatic and controlled components, with the medial temporal mediation of memory encoding including neurobiological mechanisms that are primarily automatic or incidental. These ideas, in the cognitive and behavioral domain, are linked to neurophysiological ideas about cellular consolidation concerning synaptic potentiation, particularly the relationship between protein synthesis-dependent long-term changes and shorter-lasting post-translational mechanisms. Ideas from psychology about mental schemas are considered in relation to the phenomenon of systems consolidation and, specifically, about how prior knowledge can alter the rate at which consolidation occurs. Finally, the hippocampal-neocortical interactions theory is updated in relation to reconsolidation, a process that enables updating of stored memory traces in response to novelty.
Immune cell signaling in lupus (2000)

The fate of the lymphocyte is determined by integration of signals delivered after the binding of antigen to the surface antigen receptor, signals delivered by cytokines that bind to their surface receptors, and signals initiated after the engagement of other surface receptors, known as costimulatory molecules. The summation of this input determines whether the immune cell will become stimulated, ignore the signal (anergy), or die (apoptosis). Antigen-receptor signaling events are abnormal in lupus lymphocytes, manifested by increased calcium responses and hyperphosphorylation of several cytosolic protein substrates. Further down, at the gene transcription level, the activity of the nuclear factor kappaB is decreased. These events are underwritten by defective T cell receptor zeta chain expression, overexpression of the gamma chain of the Fc(epsilon)RI that functions as an alternate of zeta chain, and decreased p65 -Rel A protein that is responsible for the inducible NFkappaB activity. Accumulated research data have enabled us to begin deciphering the molecular basis of the abnormal lupus lymphocyte and may lead to the development of new medicinal treatments for lupus.
Modeling the radiation pattern of LEDs (2008)

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) come in many varieties and with a wide range of radiation patterns. We propose a general, simple but accurate analytic representation for the radiation pattern of the light emitted from an LED. To accurately render both the angular intensity distribution and the irradiance spatial pattern, a simple phenomenological model takes into account the emitting surfaces (chip, chip array, or phosphor surface), and the light redirected by both the reflecting cup and the encapsulating lens. Mathematically, the pattern is described as the sum of a maximum of two or three Gaussian or cosine-power functions. The resulting equation is widely applicable for any kind of LED of practical interest. We accurately model a wide variety of radiation patterns from several world-class manufacturers.
Effects of Chinese Herbal Prescriptions on Copulatory Activity in Aged Male Rats: A Preliminary Study (1998)

Four herbal prescription medicines, Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan, Gui-Fu-Ba-Wei-Wan, Huan-Shao-Tan; and San Tsai-Feng-Sui-Tan, were tested for their effects on sexual behavior in aged rats. Crude liquid extracts of these herbs were administered to the rats daily through oral tubing for 14 days. All four herbal prescriptions showed some effects in restoration of mount and intromission behaviors, but there was no effect on restoration of ejaculation in 26 month old rats that had exhibited no copulatory activity (no mount, intromission and ejaculation) previously. The effects of Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan were further tested in 26 month old rats with low mount and intromission activities but without ejaculation behavior, and in 15 month old rats (middle-age group) that showed normal mount and intromission behavior but no ejaculation activity. Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan was effective in improving the frequency of both mount and intromission, but failed to restore the ejaculation activity of the old rats with low mount and intromission behaviors. It was, however, very effective in restoration of ejaculation activity in middle-aged rats that exhibited normal mount and intromission behaviors. Serum testosterone (T) levels of Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan in tested old and middle-aged rats were determined by radioimmunoassay, and showed no difference before and after treatment. Our findings demonstrated that the four herbal prescriptions had some effects in restoration of mount and intromission behaviors, but not ejaculation activity in old rats, and that Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan was very effective in restoration of ejaculation activity in middle-aged rats. The promotional effect of Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan on copulatory behavior was not correlated with serum T levels.
2016년(年) 회사법(會社法) 관련 대법원(大法院) 판례(判例) 회고(回顧) (2017)

본 논문은 2016년에 선고된 대법원의 판결 중에서 회사법과 관련된 4건의 판례를 고찰해보고 판례의 동향에 관하여 분석한 것이다. 구체적으로 ⅰ) 법인격의 형해화와 법인격의 남용 등 법인격부인 이론의 적용요건 (2015다13690 판결), ⅱ) 이사의 과도한 퇴직금 산정에 의한 퇴직금 지급의 유효성 (2014다11888 판결), ⅲ) 감사의 선임에서 의결권 없는 3% 초과 주식이 발행주식총수에 포함되는지 여부 (2016다222996 판결), ⅳ) 회사분할에서 분할회사의 근로자 임금에 대한 지급책임 (2015다10868, 10875 판결) 등 4건의 판례에 관해 분석하면서, 문제점을 지적하고 개선방안을 제시하였다.
구체적으로 ⅰ) 법인격의 형해화와 법인격의 남용에 관하여 법인격부인론을 적용하기 위한 요건에 관한 판결, ⅱ) 주주총회의 결의를 거친 이사 보수의 결정이라도 이사의 충실의무 위반으로 인한 배임적 행위가 있으면 보수 지급을 청구할 수 없다는 판결, ⅲ) 감사 선임에 있어서 의결권이 제한되는 3% 초과 주식을 출석한 주주의 의결권의 수에 산입하지 않으면서 발행주식총수에 산입하는 것은 부당하다는 판결, ⅳ) 채무자회생법상 회생회사가 분할하는 경우 분할당사회사의 연대책임이 배제된 상황에서 공익채권인 분할회사의 근로자 임금에 대한 지급책임의 주체에 관한 판결 등에 관하여 고찰하였다.
Human neurons express type I GnRH receptor and respond to GnRH I by increasing luteinizing hormone expression (2006)

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor I (GnRHR I) has been localized to the limbic system of the rat brain, although the functional consequences of GnRH signaling through these receptors is unknown. In this paper, we characterize the expression of GnRHR I in the human hippocampus and cortex, and the functionality of GnRHR I in human neuroblastoma cells. Robust GnRHR I immunoreactivity was detected in the cell body as well as along the apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons in the CA2, CA1, and end plate, but was clearly lower in the subiculum of the hippocampus. Immunolabeling was also evident in cortical neurons, including those located in the entorhinal cortex and occipitotemporal gyrus but was not observed within the granular layer of the dentate gyrus. No differences in immunohistochemical staining were observed between control and Alzheimer's disease brain. GnRHR I mRNA and protein (mature, immature, and other variant) expression was detected in human neuroblastoma cells (M17, SH-SY5Y) and rat embryonic primary neurons and varied with differentiation and GnRH treatment. Since GnRHR I was expressed by extrapituitary cells, and hypothalamic GnRH I secretion markedly increases post-menopause/andropause, we treated human M17 neuroblastoma cells cultured in serum-free conditions with GnRH I for 6 h and measured LH expression. M17 neuroblastoma cells express LHbeta mRNA, while immunoblot analysis indicated the presence of three LH variants (approximately 30, 47, and 60 kDa) that were upregulated by low concentrations of GnRH I, but down-regulated at higher GnRH I concentrations. LH expression was also found to increase in differentiating embryonic rat primary cortical neurons. Our results demonstrate that neurons expressing GnRHR I are functional, responding to GnRH I by upregulating LH production. Post-reproductive surges in GnRH I secretion may explain the accumulation of LH in pyramidal neurons of the aged human and rat.
High-efficiency high-power second-harmonic generation at 5321 Å in meta-nitraniline (1980)

Meta-nitroaniline (MNA) has been found to be highly effective for frequency doubling of a high peak power and high average power Nd:YAG laser. An energy conversion efficiency of 65 percent has been obtained in a 3 mm long crystal oriented for noncollinear type-1 phase matching.
Human cytomegalovirus strains associated with congenital and perinatal infections (2000)

The genotypes of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) isolates from pediatric patients differs from those of infected adults in Australia. Genotypes were determined by PCR amplification of glycoprotein B (gB) sequences, with subsequent analysis by restriction fragment length polymorphism, single-stranded conformation polymorphism, heteroduplex mobility analysis and direct DNA sequencing. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of gB showed genotypes gB1 (39%) and gB3 (30%) were more prevalent in infected children and two new genotypes (gB6 and gB7) were found. Single-stranded conformation polymorphism was used to group isolates into 22 further subtypes and suggested longitudinal co-infection or viral mutation was occurring over time. Heteroduplex mobility analysis was found to be the most accurate and concise of the four methods used for genotyping HCMV isolates. DNA sequencing was used to confirm the results obtained from heteroduplex mobility analysis, and identified two isolates that were incorrectly genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Heteroduplex mobility analysis efficiently genotyped all samples and allowed estimation of sequence variation between isolates. These data suggest certain gB genotypes are associated more commonly with childhood infections, and these differ from strains associated with invasive disease in HIV patients.
Notes on Saxifragaceae (1977)

Over half of the Arkansas members of the Saxifragaceae are notable due to unusual morphology or distribution within the state. They range from the inconspicuous Lepuropetalon spathulatum (Muhl.) Ell. to the conspicuous Hydrangea arborescens L. Several genera (Heuchera, Parnassia, Philadephus, Ribes) include species with highly restricted ranges in Arkansas, and one includes a single species, Mitella diphylla L., known in Arkansas only from Stone County. Special attention is called to problems in Saxifraga and Heuchera, and a modified treatment of Heuchera arkansana is proposed. An annotated list and list of excluded names for the Arkansas Saxifragaceae is included.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of 2',2'-Difluorodeoxycytidine (Gemcitabine) (1996)

GEMZAR® (gemcitabine·HCl) is a difluorinated analog of deoxy cytidine. It was initially synthesized as a novel anti-viral compound with broad spectrum in vitro activity against both RNA and DNA viruses. However, the compound proved to have a narrow therapeutic index when it was administered daily during the in vivo evaluation of antiviral activity. Using a staggered schedule of administration, GEMZAR is found to be a potent antitumor agent in murine and human xenograft solid tumor models. Studies have shown that gemcitabine diphosphate is a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, whereas the triphosphate is a potent and unique terminator of DNA synthesis. In phase I studies a variety of dose schedules were investigated. Based on phase I studies including pharmacokinetic data, phase II studies were initiated. Activity was observed in a variety of solid tumors. The results are specially encouraging for non-small cell lung and pancreatic cancer. GEMZAR is currently undergoing registration review of the Phase III clinical trials for treatment of non-small cell lung and pancreatic cancer.