gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-Inflammatory Therapy for Asthma (1993)

Asthma is now recognized to be a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, involving mast cells, eosinophils, and T lymphocytes. Treatment of asthma should therefore be based on anti-inflammatory agents rather than bronchodilators. Choices include inhaled corticosteroids, which are highly effective in all patients, and cromolyn sodium and nedocromil sodium, which are effective in patients with mild asthma. It is likely that the earlier and more widespread use of anti-inflammatory drugs will reduce the unacceptably high morbidity and mortality of asthma and prevent irreversible chronic airflow obstruction in patients with severe disease.
Mosaic Penicillin-Binding Protein 2 in <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> Isolates Collected in 2008 in San Francisco, California (2009)

Using a real-time PCR assay specific for a mosaic penA allele that has been associated with oral cephalosporin resistance in Asia, 54 available Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates collected in San Francisco, CA, from January to October 2008 were analyzed. Five isolates tested positive for the mosaic penA gene by real-time PCR. DNA sequencing revealed two mosaic penA alleles (SF-A and SF-B). Isolates with SF-A and SF-B alleles possessed elevated MICs for the oral cephalosporins cefpodoxime and cefixime.
Modelling Squeeze Treatments of Fractured Reservoir Zones (2012)

Abstract The presence of fractured reservoir zones presents significant challenges for the modelling and optimisation of squeeze treatments. Fluid flow in fractured systems is relatively well understood, and the effect of fractures on the placement of chemical can be modelled. However, to model the quantitative effects of fractures on scale inhibitor returning from squeezed zones, it is necessary to also model the retention and release of inhibitor from a fractured zone. This involves modelling the flow of inhibitor between fracture and matrix, while modelling the retention and release of inhibitor by the rock matrix. Using conventional near wellbore squeeze simulators (Place iT v5), artificially induced fractures have been simulated using a near wellbore dual permeability approach more commonly used to model wells with a skin factor. The method has been extended from single fractured intervals to dual intervals/zones and the competitive placement of chemical between the fractured zones has been modeled. The work shows how the predicted chemical placement and the resulting inhibitor return lifetimes can be simulated in fractured wells and how the sizing of the overflush can be more significant than simply accounting for the fracture volume. The mathematical concepts and assumptions used in the model development are presented. Naturally fractured reservoirs present a special challenge both from the practical scale-management and theoretical (predictive modelling) points of view. Whereas useful conclusions can be drawn using simplified models, more physically meaningful modeling of fracture/matrix interaction is required for the more challenging wells. Rock matrix – fracture interaction can be accounted for using analytical methods including important processes such as molecular diffusion i.e. to account for rock / chemical / fluid imbibition and diffusion. The development of modeling capabilities for such systems is outlined and results from simulations compared with those conducted using more conventional though less rigorous approaches.
A MINIATURIZED INTERNAL WIDEBAND ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS USB DONGLE APPLICATION (2010)

A miniaturized internal wideband antenna suitable for integration with the printed circuit board (PCB) of a wireless universal serial bus (WUSB) dongle is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna mainly consists of a folded metal plate with two sides beveled. By introducing a short-circuited pin connected to the system ground and etching a pair of slots in the bevel sides of the folded metal plate, a large impedance bandwidth from 2.4GHz to more than 11GHz is obtained, which easily covers the 2.4GHz WLAN, WiMAX, S-DMB and UWB frequency bands. The efiects of the short-circuited pin and the narrow slots on the impedance matching of the proposed antenna are investigated. The proposed antenna is easy to be fabricated by bending a sample metal plate due to its miniaturized geometry of 5 £ 12 £ 12:5mm 3 . Details of the antenna design are described, and experimental results of the constructed prototypes are presented and discussed.
Drug Approval Summaries: Arsenic Trioxide, Tamoxifen Citrate, Anastrazole, Paclitaxel, Bexarotene (2001)

This report summarizes information on drugs recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration, Office of Drug Evaluation I, Division of Oncology Drug Products. Five applications supporting new claims will be discussed: Trisenox (arsenic trioxide) for induction of remission and consolidation in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia who are refractory to, or have relapsed from, retinoid and anthracycline chemotherapy, and whose disease is characterized by the presence of the t(15;17) translocation or PML/RAR-alpha gene expression; Nolvadex (tamoxifen citrate) in women with ductal carcinoma in situ, following breast surgery and radiation, to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer; Arimidex (anastrazole) for first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive or hormone receptor unknown locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer; Taxol (paclitaxel), 175 mg/m(2) by 3 h infusion in combination with cisplatin for first-line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer; and Targretin gel (bexarotene) for the topical treatment of cutaneous lesions in patients with stage IA and IB cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who have not tolerated other therapies or who have refractory or persistent disease. Information provided includes rationale for drug development, study design, efficacy and safety results, and pertinent literature references.
Treg adoptive therapy: is more better? (2016)

Among TKA patients, the authors observed higher anti-PF4/heparin seroconversion rates in those who received DMT whether they received fondaparinux or no anticoagulation. Similar trends were seen among THA patients, although the result was statistically significant only for the fondaparinux-treated THA patients. When multivariate analysis was performed across the entire study population (whether anticoagulated with UFH, LMWH, fondaparinux, or no pharmacologic agent), use of DMT emerged as an independent risk factor for seroconversion (odds ratio, 2.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.34-3.02; P 5 .001), which was also confirmed with an analysis that used propensity score matching of patients. A proportion of seroconverting patients formed strong antibodies (optical density, .1.4 units). The authors concluded that DMT increases the risk of an anti-PF4/heparin immune response even when heparin is not administered.
Underneath Vehicle Inspection Using Fuzzy Logic, Subsumption And Opencv Library (2015)

The inspection of underneath vehicle system has been<br> given significant attention by governments after the threat of<br> terrorism become more prevalent. New technologies such as mobile<br> robots and computer vision are led to have more secure environment.<br> This paper proposed that a mobile robot like Aria robot can be used<br> to search and inspect the bombs under parking a lot vehicle. This<br> robot is using fuzzy logic and subsumption algorithms to control the<br> robot that movies underneath the vehicle. An OpenCV library and<br> laser Hokuyo are added to Aria robot to complete the experiment for<br> under vehicle inspection. This experiment was conducted at the<br> indoor environment to demonstrate the efficiency of our methods to<br> search objects and control the robot movements under vehicle. We<br> got excellent results not only by controlling the robot movement but<br> also inspecting object by the robot camera at same time. This success<br> allowed us to know the requirement to construct a new cost effective<br> robot with more functionality.
The interaction of 3,5-pyrazolidinedione drugs with receptors for f-Met-Leu-Phe on human neutrophil leukocytes: a study of the structure–activity relationship (1991)

The 3,5-pyrazolidinedione (3,5-P) drugs, phenylbutazone and sulfinpyrazone, have been reported to bind to receptors for the chemotactic peptide, f-Met-Leu-Phe, and to behave as functional antagonists of f-Met-Leu-Phe in human and rabbit neutrophils. To explore the structure-activity relationship of this family of drugs for f-Met-Leu-Phe receptor binding, 36 drugs with the 3,5-P structure, a structure related to antipyrine, or an unrelated structure were tested as competitors for the binding of f-Met-Leu-Phe-Lys-fluorescein isothiocyanate on human neutrophils by flow cytometric analysis. Only drugs possessing the 3,5-P ring were significant competitors. The five most potent 3,5-Ps behaved as selective antagonists of f-Met-Leu-Phe-induced superoxide anion release by neutrophils. The potency was not correlated to the pKa or to their capacity to inhibit prostaglandin E2 released from culture fibroblasts but instead appeared to be correlated to their apparent octanol-buffer partition coefficients. The most potent f-Met-Leu-Phe antagonist identified, 1,2-diphenyl-4-(3-(1-naphthyl)-propyl)-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (DPN), may also possess an improved pharmacodynamic specificity compared with phenylbutazone and sulfinpyrazone, as it was less potent than phenylbutazone in the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and it was not cytotoxic. DPN may be a prototype for a valuable new class of anti-inflammatory drugs.
ECH plasma for different magnetic axis positions and initial ICRF plasma production experiments in CHS (1989)

dataset
A high resolution FMCW X-band radar sensor for vessel underway replenishment at sea applications (2010)

The accurate control of two vessels at sea whilst personnel and materials are transferred from one to the other is emerging as an important application in both military and civilian circles. This paper firstly introduces the `RadaScan' system, explaining how X-band FMCW radar technology has been combined with the use of transponders for the very accurate measurement of range and bearing to two or more locations. The paper will then describe how these measurements are combined in to a position and heading solution that is then supplied to a `dynamic positioning' system for vessel maneuvering control. This unique radar sensor combined with the computer control system allows one vessel to track and follow the other vessel at close quarters and in heavy sea states whilst the transfer operations are conducted.
Servocontrol of the GS16 Turbine Gas Metering Valve by Physics-Based Robust Controller Synthesis (2008)

We present a design approach for robust controller synthesis using a μ-synthesis procedure, which returns a controller in an observor/state-feedback form with physically meaningful states. We are also able to (approximately) retain this physical meaning when using balanced truncation to (significantly) reduce the controller order, as is often necessary in practice. The advantages of this physics-based approach are illustrated by a detailed outline of the controller design for Woodward Governor’s GS16 Turbine Gas Metering Valve.
Renal Calcification in Adults (1940)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jul 1940Renal Calcification in Adults W.A.D. Anderson W.A.D. AndersonW.A.D. Anderson More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)71241-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1940 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byDelatte L, Miñón-Cifuentes J and Medina J (2018) Papillary Stones: Calcified Renal Tubules in Randall’s PlaquesJournal of Urology, VOL. 133, NO. 3, (490-494), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1985.Vermeulen C, Lyon E, Ellis J and Borden T (2018) The Renal Papilla and CalculogenesisJournal of Urology, VOL. 97, NO. 4, (573-582), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1967.Edwards E (2018) Acute Renal Calcification: An Experimental and Clinicopathologic StudyJournal of Urology, VOL. 80, NO. 3, (161-169), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1958.Mortensen J and Emmett J (2018) Nephrocalcinosis: A Collective and clinicopathologic StudyJournal of Urology, VOL. 71, NO. 4, (398-406), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1954.Posey L (2018) Urinary Concretions: II. A Study of the Primary Calculous LesionsJournal of Urology, VOL. 48, NO. 3, (300-309), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1942. Volume 44 Issue 1 July 1940 Page: 29-34 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1940 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information W.A.D. Anderson More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Coating Thickness Measurement by Interferometry* (1947)

Thickness measurements of thin transparent coatings on thick transparent bases by reflection interferometry are made possible through use of an immersion medium of the same refractive index as the base to intensify interference. A convenient interferometer comprising three essential parts, a “pocket” spectroscope, an incandescent lamp, and a cylindrical immersion tank, is described. Its use for rapid, precise measurements of thickness of single and double layer coatings and films in the range of 0.2 to 50 microns is illustrated with spectra.
Trehalose Mediated Growth Inhibition of Arabidopsis Seedlings Is Due to Trehalose-6-Phosphate Accumulation  (2004)

Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) is required for carbon utilization during Arabidopsis development, and its absence is embryo lethal. Here we show that T6P accumulation inhibits seedling growth. Wild-type seedlings grown on 100 mm trehalose rapidly accumulate T6P and stop growing, but seedlings expressing Escherichia coli trehalose phosphate hydrolase develop normally on such medium. T6P accumulation likely results from much-reduced T6P dephosphorylation when trehalose levels are high. Metabolizable sugars added to trehalose medium rescue T6P inhibition of growth. In addition, Suc feeding leads to a progressive increase in T6P concentrations, suggesting that T6P control over carbon utilization is related to available carbon for growth. Expression analysis of genes from the Arabidopsis trehalose metabolism further supports this: Suc rapidly induces expression of trehalose phosphate synthase homolog AtTPS5 to high levels. In contrast, T6P accumulation after feeding trehalose in the absence of available carbon induces repression of genes encoding T6P synthases and expression of T6P phosphatases. To identify processes controlled by T6P, we clustered expression profile data from seedlings with altered T6P content. T6P levels correlate with expression of a specific set of genes, including the S6 ribosomal kinase ATPK19, independently of carbon status. Interestingly, Suc addition represses 15 of these genes, one of which is AtKIN11, encoding a Sucrose Non Fermenting 1 (SNF1)-related kinase known to play a role in Suc utilization.
Validity of Eye Movement Methods and Indices for Capturing Semantic (Associative) Priming Effects (2008)

Results showed that free-viewing eye movement measures, in which participants are not instructed to look at anything in particular, hold promise as valid indicators of priming effects. Further research in this area will help to advance language-processing theories in individuals with and without language impairment.
Hormonal regulation of acid phosphatase release by osteoclasts disaggregated from neonatal rat bone (1987)

Osteoclasts disaggregated from neonatal rat long bones and incubated on plastic or glass substrates were found to release a considerable proportion of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase into culture supernatants. Enzyme release was detectable in the supernatant medium of cultures containing as few as ten cells after 1 hr of incubation and proceeded in a linear manner for the ensuing 6 hr. Calcitonin (1 pg/ml) and cytochalasin B (5 micrograms/ml) inhibited release into the supernatant, suggesting that release represents enzyme secretion. Prostaglandin E1 induced transient inhibition followed by recovery; parathyroid hormone and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 were without influence. Acid phosphatase release in these cultures shows a pattern of hormone responsiveness that coincides with the effects of these hormones on bone resorption by isolated osteoclasts. The extent of acid phosphatase release and its regulation by calciotropic hormones imply a central role for acid hydrolase secretion in osteoclastic bone resorption. The experimental system described in this study may facilitate analysis of the pharmacological hormonal and cellular regulation of osteoclastic function.
Insensible perspiration from the skin under standardized environmental conditions (1977)

The cutaneous insensible perspiration of adult healthy volunteers was measured by a new method based on estimation of the vapour pressure gradient in the air layer immediately adjacent to skin. All measurements were performed at ambient temperatures of 22 degrees, 27 degrees and 30 degrees C and at a relative humidity of 30%. On the basis of the results obtained the total body surface area of the investigated subjects was divided into four different zones with respect to quantitative water loss. The percentage contribution of the different zones to the total cutaneous water loss proved to be fairly independent of the amibent temperature. The average total cutaneous insensible perspiration of a naked resting subject with a body surface area of 1.75 m2 was estimated to be 381 +/- 18, 526 +/- 25 and 695 +/- 35 ml per day (mean values +/- SEE) at an ambient temperature of 22 degrees C, 27 degrees C and 30 degrees C, respectively. By recording the evaporation rate from only three separate measurement points, it was possible to calculate the total cutaneous insensible water loss with good accuracy.
Stochastic gradient descent training for L1-regularized log-linear models with cumulative penalty (2009)

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) uses approximate gradients estimated from subsets of the training data and updates the parameters in an online fashion. This learning framework is attractive because it often requires much less training time in practice than batch training algorithms. However, L1-regularization, which is becoming popular in natural language processing because of its ability to produce compact models, cannot be efficiently applied in SGD training, due to the large dimensions of feature vectors and the fluctuations of approximate gradients. We present a simple method to solve these problems by penalizing the weights according to cumulative values for L1 penalty. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method in three applications: text chunking, named entity recognition, and part-of-speech tagging. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can produce compact and accurate models much more quickly than a state-of-the-art quasi-Newton method for L1-regularized loglinear models.
Role of photodetectors in optical signal processing (1988)

Optical signal processing applications place demands on photodetector arrays beyond those encountered in image sensing applications. We review the basic requirements and show that increased dynamic range and nonlinear decision operations that lead to reduced output data rates are the key improvements needed for both 1-and 2-D arrays. Arrays of high-speed photodetector elements with integrated postdetection circuitry are also needed. Although we suggest some possible methods for achieving these goals, our main objective is to stimulate the photodetector community to design and fabricate more useful devices.
Design and Control of Copolymer Composition Distribution in Living Radical Polymerization Using Semi‐Batch Feeding Policies: A Model Simulation (2006)

Abstract Summary: Although controlled/living radical copolymerization has been extensively studied, the control of copolymer composition distribution receives little attention. In this paper, taking RAFT copolymerization as an example, we develop a mathematical model and simulate copolymerization systems with various reactivity ratios. It is demonstrated that through semi‐batch operations with programmed profiles of slow monomer feeding rate, precise control over copolymer composition distribution (uniform and designed gradient distributions) along polymer chain can be achieved. It is also found that the semi‐batch operations have lower rates of polymerization than their batch counterparts. The reason for this difference is analyzed, and the magnitude depends on the reactivity ratios and targeted copolymer composition. The improvement of the semi‐batch rate by distributing a part of the initiator amount to the monomer feeding tank is found to be minor. Model‐based design and control over composition distribution of gradient copolymers implemented by semi‐batch operations. magnified image Model‐based design and control over composition distribution of gradient copolymers implemented by semi‐batch operations.
Fiber optical parametric amplifiers with linearly or circularly polarized waves (2003)

We introduce a formalism that provides a unified solution for the gain spectrum of fiber optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) using either linearly or circularly polarized waves. There are 12 basic types, including five that have not been previously investigated to our knowledge. We provide a simple method for calculating the maximum gain and nonlinear phase mismatch for such OPAs. All these OPAs have similar elliptical graphs for parametric gain versus propagation constant mismatch, with a width equal to four times the height. This implies that, when fiber dispersion is taken into account, any two-pump OPA can be used to obtain the same gain spectrum as any other OPA in the same fiber, provided that the pump power is adjusted for equal maximum gain and that real solutions exist for the resulting equation for the required pump spacing. In that sense, all these fiber OPAs form an equivalence class.
Comparison of the sedative and hypnotic effects of flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides extracted from Semen <b> <i>Ziziphus jujube</i> </b> (2007)

Semen Ziziphus jujube (SZJ), the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa, is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine used for its action on insomnia. In order to analyze the effective component, we investigated and compared the sedative and hypnotic effects of three kinds of compounds, flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides. Flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides were extracted from SZJ and orally administered to mice separately at 17 g kg(-1) per day for certain days before animal tests. Spontaneous motility and coordinated movement tests were used to observe the effects of the three kinds of compounds on the mouse behavior, and sodium barbital-induced sleeping time of mouse were tested to analyze the effects of the three kinds of compounds on the sleep of mouse. Results show that flavonoids and saponins caused a significant reduction of walking time and coordinated movement ability of mouse, significantly prolonged its sleeping time at 40 mg kg(-1), ip, subthreshold dose and increased the sleeping number of animals at 50 mg kg(-1), ip, superthreshold dose induced by coeliac injection of sodium barbital. Polysaccharides did not show any significance in all animal tests. Comparative analysis showed that saponins had a more effective sedative and hypnotic function than that of flavonoids, polysaccharides did not show a sedative and hypnotic effect.