gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclin-dependent kinase and protein kinase C inhibitors: a novel class of antineoplastic agents in clinical development. (2001)

Malignant cells have acquired adaptations, which give them a growth and survival advantage over normal cells. One effect of many of these adaptations is that many cancerous cells are less likely to undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis) and, moreover, are resistant to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Other features of neoplastic cells are the loss of regulated or orderly progression through the cell cycle. In normal and cancerous cells, a balance between proapoptotic and antiapoptotic signals exists. Protein kinase C (PKC) is a cellular serine/threonine kinase with a central role in the mediation of mitogenic signals as well as the regulation of antiapoptotic signals. Inhibition of PKC by a novel group of chemical agents (PKC inhibitors) can induce apoptosis in some malignant cell lines, act as differentiating agents, and enhance the effect of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Other kinase inhibitors are potent inhibitors of kinases involved in the control of cell cycle progression (cyclin-dependent kinases [cdks]). Cdk inhibitors are able to induce cell cycle arrest in neoplastic cells and also act as enhancers of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. The catalytic domain of different classes of kinases (PKC and cdk) share considerable homology. As a result, many kinase inhibitors that act by blocking the catalytic site are not highly specific and may act as inhibitors of both PKC and cdks. Preclinical studies point to potential applications for some of these PKC/cdk inhibitors, and current clinical trials are exploring the role these agents might have in cancer therapy. In this article, we discuss the rationale for the development of this novel class of agents and highlight those drugs, which have shown promise in clinical testing.
Use of choked nozzle technique and exhaust jet diffuser for extending operable range of jet-engine research facilities (1952)

Memorandum presenting an investigation to determine the increase in the useful ranges of flight conditions that may be obtained with a given jet-engine research facility when the choked nozzle technique or the exhaust jet diffuser, or both, are employed. The report describes the two methods, the considerations involved in their application, and typical results of their use as well as confirmation of the accuracy of data obtained by utilization of these techniques.
Comparison of Statistical Parametric Mapping and SPECT Difference Imaging in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (2002)

The results provide strong evidence supporting SPM difference analysis in assessing regions of significant CBF change from baseline in concordance with our current clinically used technique of SPECT ictal--interictal difference imaging in epilepsy patients. Difference analysis using SPM could serve as a useful diagnostic tool in the evaluation of seizure focus in temporal lobe epilepsy.
LAN gateway designs for multicast communication (2003)

The author considers a number of issues regarding gateway design for multicast communication in local area networks. Initially, two designs were considered: (1) explicit identification, in which the source explicitly transmits a message to the gateway, in addition to those already transmitted to the local network; and (2) implicit identification, in which the gateway is promiscuous and receives all multicast messages sent on the local network. It was found that many of the problems associated with explicit identification and implicit identification when used individually could be eliminated by using a hybrid gateway which allowed an explicitly identified parent gateway process to spawn a child gateway which acted as an optimized implicitly identified gateway. The merit of the hybrid gateway is that it allows the source to determine whether the message should be sent to remote networks (an explicitly identified gateway feature), but the actual message transmission is performed by implicitly identifying the gateway.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Determination of Lard in Mixture of Body Fats of Mutton and Cow by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (2003)

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy provides a simple and rapid means of monitoring lard when blended with mutton and cow body fats. The spectral bands associated with mutton, cow body fats and their lard blends were recorded, interpreted and identified by relating them to those spectroscopically representative pure mutton, cow and lard body fats as references. A qualitative approach is proposed by comparing the pure animal fat with blended ones. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was applied for quantitative determination of the percent of lard in its blend with mutton body fat (MBF) using FTIR spectral data at frequency regions 3010 - 3000, 1220 - 1095 and 968 - 965 cm-1. The equation y = 1.151x - 0.1882, coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.9866 with standard error (SE) of 2.01. For the blend with cow body fat (CBF) frequency regions 1419 - 1414 and 968 - 965 cm-1 were used for qualitative and quantitative determination. PLS approach was used to create the equation y = 0.7239 x + 3.1369 with R2 = 0.9749 and SE = 1.86. The PLS calibration models were cross-validated and the standard deviation of difference (SDD) for repeatability and accuracy and R2 were computed.
Key management with a trusted third party using LoRaWAN protocol : A study case for E2E security (2018)

Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) applications are gaining more importance in people’s everyday life. Depending of their usage (for long or short distance communications, using low or high power devices, etc.), several standards exist. In this study, the focus is on Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) and particularly a protocol which is raising in popularity for long-range low-power communications in IoT: LoRaWAN. LoRaWAN is still at an early stage and has been mainly used in use cases where the network server was managing the keys ensuring confidentiality and integrity of the data. Gemalto has raised the issue of interest conflicts in the case where the network operator and the application provider are two distinct entities: if the end-device and the application server are exchanging sensitive data, the network server should not be able to read them. In order to solve this problem, an architecture using a trusted third party to generate and manage the keys has been implemented during this project. The following research aims at finding security threats and weaknesses on the confidentiality and integrity of the data and devices’ authentication in this study case. The LoRaWAN protocol and key management in general were studied first before describing the studied system and finding the possible attacks exploring its vulnerabilities on the mentioned points via an attack tree. These attacks were simulated in order to define their consequences on the system and according to them, security improvements on the architecture was proposed based on previous work on the topic and exploration on potential countermeasures.
Effect of carbohydrate ingestion on sprint performance following continuous and intermittent exercise (1998)

These results indicated that ingestion of G during half-time of 90-min exercise could maintain carbohydrate utilization and improve sprint performance in both CON and INT trials.
Clarifying the emotive functions of asymmetrical frontal cortical activity (2003)

Asymmetrical activity over the frontal cortex has been implicated in the experience and expression of emotions and motivations. Explanations of the research have suggested that relatively greater left frontal activity is associated with positive affect and/or approach motivation, and that relatively greater right frontal activity is associated with negative affect and/or withdrawal motivation. In past research, affective valence and motivational direction were confounded, as only positive (negative) affects that were associated with approach (withdrawal) motivation were examined. Consequently, this research is unable to address whether asymmetrical frontal activity is associated with affective valence, motivational direction, or some combination of valence and motivation. In this article, I review research on the emotion of anger, a negative emotion often associated with approach motivation, that suggests that asymmetrical frontal cortical activity is due to motivational direction and not affective valence. Methodological and theoretical implications for the study of the frontal asymmetry specifically, and for emotion and motivation more generally, are discussed.
Intravenous recombinant secretory leukoprotease inhibitor augments antineutrophil elastase defense (1992)

Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI), a 12-kDa serine antiprotease, normally protects the upper airway epithelial surface from attack by neutrophil elastase (NE). In the context that a variety of inflammatory lung diseases are characterized by large neutrophil burdens with resultant high levels of NE in the lung, recombinant SLPI (rSLPI), a molecule identical to natural SLPI, may be an effective means to augment the anti-NE protective screen of the lung. To determine whether intravenous rSLPI will augment respiratory tract and epithelial surface levels of SLPI and anti-NE capacity, rSLPI was administered intravenously to sheep and SLPI levels were quantified in plasma, lung lymph (as a measure of lung interstitial levels), lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF), and urine. rSLPI (1 g) was administered over 10 min, and after 30 min plasma levels of SLPI were 8 microM and decreased with a half-life of 1.8 h. Lymph SLPI levels paralleled the plasma levels: 4 h after infusion the lymph-to-plasma ratio was 0.8. ELF SLPI levels paralleled the lymph levels: 4 h after infusion the ELF-to-lymph ratio was 0.3. Western analysis demonstrated intact SLPI in lymph and ELF, and functional analysis showed increases in lymph and ELF anti-NE capacity that paralleled the levels of SLPI. As might be expected from a protein with a molecular mass of 12 kDa, urine excretion was high, with 20% of the SLPI excreted over 5 h. However, if the rate of infusion was slowed, SLPI excretion decreased significantly, with a 3-h infusion associated with 9% excretion and a 12-h infusion associated with less than 0.2% excretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Case management: A snapshot literature review (2014)

As part of the evaluation of its HomeConnect1 program, VincentCare Victoria's Social Policy and Research Unit commissioned a literature review in 2013 to map the theoretical, conceptual and practical elements of successful case management models in homelessness and related sectors in order to benchmark HomeConnect's case management practices. VincentCare has further used the evidence from the commissioned literature review to inform the development of its case management framework. This article provides a snapshot of the definitions, theoretical basis and effective practices in case management from both Australian and international sources.
The Art World (1991)

Art is a central subject of The Newcomes, no doubt calling upon Thackeray’s own experience and training as an artist and art reviewer. The Newcomes follows the career of a young man from a commercial family who decides to become an artist, and through his reflections we encounter art schools, museums, studios, and many works and artists. Perhaps more important still, the novel dwells constantly on the artistic impulse, not only in artists but in everyone; that is, its central activity, observed in all the major characters, is the fashioning of imaginative constructs that make life harmonious, unified, patterned, and that frequently adopt conventional motifs in doing so. Reality and romantic artifice are constantly played off against, and fused with, each other. Ethel at one moment affects the style of worldly cynicism — ‘I belong to the world like all the rest of my family’ (p. 425) — and enrages Lady Kew, her mentor in worldliness, by flourishing a ‘Sold’ sign on her dress. At another she affects the pastoral shepherdess: ‘you would have fancied her an artless young country lass, only longing to trip back to her village, milk her cows at sunrise, and sit spinning of winter evenings by the fire’ (p. 690).
Very-high radix division with prescaling and selection by rounding (1994)

A division algorithm in which the quotient-digit selection is performed by rounding the shifted residual in carry-save form is presented. To allow the use of this simple function, the divisor (and dividend) is prescaled to a range close to one. The implementation presented results in a fast iteration because of the use of carry-save forms and suitable recodings. The execution time is calculated and several convenient values of the radix are selected. Comparison with other dividers for radices 2/sup 9/ to 2/sup 18/ is performed using the same assumptions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Application of scanning thermal microscopy for thermal conductivity measurements on meso-porous silicon thin films (2007)

A scanning thermal microscope (SThM) in the dc regime was used to study the thermal conductivity of homogeneous in-depth meso-porous silicon in the form of thin films on a monocrystalline silicon substrate. Measurements for different film porosities (30–80%) and thicknesses (100 nm–8 µm) were performed in order to estimate the influence of both layer porosity and thickness on the thermal conductivity values of porous silicon (PS). An analytical model predicting the SThM measurement in the case of ultra-thin monolayered samples was used to calibrate the technique, to analyse experimental data and to determine the thermal conductivity of meso-porous layers. Effective thermal conductivity of meso-PS films was found to decrease when the porosity increases. The effective thermal conductivities measured for thick porous layers (several µm) are in good accordance with those measured by micro-Raman-spectroscopy on bulk meso-PS samples. For submicrometric thicknesses (<1 µm), the effective thermal conductivity of layers decreases significantly with decreasing layer thickness due to the increased sensitivity of measurements to the thermal resistance of the film/substrate interface. An intrinsic thermal conductivity of PS was calculated independently of the film thickness and the values of interfacial thermal resistances were thus estimated. From the apparatus point of view, the results obtained show that the depth being sensed is of the order of a few micrometres for insulating materials and depends on the thermal conductivity of the films.
Combinatorial Synthesis and Characterization of New Asymmetric Porphyrins as Potential Photosensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy (2007)

Porphyrins play a major role as active photosensitizers in noninvasive optical photodynamic therapy (PDT). In a modular approach, this paper presents a short review of the recent developments of porphyrin structures and materials with improved photosensitizing properties and then presents the synthesis and characterization of a series of new second generation asymmetrical meso-tetraphenylporphyrins varied by substituent in the meta positions of the phenyl rings with either -OH or -OCH3 groups, whereas in the para positions only with -OCH3 groups. The new series of differentially functionalized porphyrins were obtained by a combinatorial multicomponent synthesis (Adler-Longo method) by simultaneously using two different aldehydes: 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The porphyrins were isolated, purified and characterized by HPLC, TLC, UV-vis, fluorescence, MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR analysis, accompanied by DEPT 135 experiments. Because of the fact that the medium in cancerous tissues is often more acidic than in normal tissues, the capacity of these porphyrins to exist simultaneously in aggregated and protonated forms was also investigated, in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and acid THF-water systems, underlying the changes in the photophysical behaviour. The relative fluorescence quantum yields (Phif) were calculated in comparison with meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP), and the values between 0.14-0.26 were found to be promising for further trials. The series of asymmetrically substituted tetraphenylporphyrins, as the new class of supramolecular materials, are suitable for further functionalization in order to improve their photophysical properties, and they could represent interesting potential PDT photosensitizers.
A symbiosis expressed non‐ribosomal peptide synthetase from a mutualistic fungal endophyte of perennial ryegrass confers protection to the symbiotum from insect herbivory (2005)

While much is known about the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi their biological role is often less clear. The assumption is these pathways have adaptive value to the organism but often the evidence to support this role is lacking. We provide the first genetic evidence that the fungal produced secondary metabolite, peramine, protects a host plant from insect herbivory. Peramine is a potent insect feeding deterrent synthesized by Epichloë/Neotyphodium mutualistic endophytes in association with their grass hosts. The structure of peramine, a pyrrolopyrazine, suggests that it is the product of a reaction catalysed by a two-module non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). Candidate sequences for a peramine synthetase were amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Four unique NRPS products were identified, two of which were preferentially expressed in planta. One of these hybridized to known peramine producing strains. This clone was used to isolate an Epichloë festucae cosmid that contained a two-module NRPS, designated perA. Nine additional genes, which show striking conservation of microsynteny with Fusarium graminearum and other fungal genomes, were identified on the perA-containing cosmid. Associations between perennial ryegrass and an E. festucae mutant deleted for perA lack detectable levels of peramine. A wild-type copy of perA complemented the deletion mutant, confirming that perA is a NRPS required for peramine biosynthesis. In a choice bioassay, plant material containing the perA mutant was as susceptible to Argentine stem weevil (ASW) (Listronotus bonariensis) feeding damage as endophyte-free plants confirming that peramine is the E. festucae metabolite responsible for ASW feeding deterrent activity.
Soft-Switching PS-PWM DC–DC Converter for Full-Load Range Applications (2009)

An improved soft-switching full-bridge phase-shifted pulsewidth modulation converter using insulated-gate bipolar transistors with a special auxiliary transformer is presented in this paper. Zero-voltage switching for leading leg and zero-current switching for lagging leg switches in the converter are achieved for full-load range from no load to short circuit by adding an active energy recovery clamp and auxiliary circuits. The new significant feature of the converter consists in suppression of circulating current also in short-circuit conditions. The proposed converter is very attractive for applications where short circuit and no load are the normal states of the converter operation, e.g., arc welding. The principle of operation is explained and analyzed, and experimental results are presented on a 3-kW 50-kHz laboratory converter model.
In-Execution Malware Detection Using Task Structures of Linux Processes (2011)

In this paper, we present a novel framework -- it uses the information in kernel structures of a process -- to do run-time analysis of the behavior of an executing program. Our analysis shows that classifying a process as malicious or benign -- using the information in kernel structures of a process -- is not only very accurate but also has very low processing overheads; as a result, this lightweight framework can be incorporated within operating system kernel. To provide a proof-of-concept of our thesis, we design and implement our system as a kernel module in Linux. We perform the time series analysis of 118 parameters of Linux task structures and pre-process them to come up with a minimal features' set of 11 features. Our analysis show that these features have remarkably different values for benign and malicious processes; as a result, a number of classifiers operating on these features provide 93% detection accuracy with 0% false alarm rate within 100 milliseconds. Last but not the least, we justify that it is very difficult for a crafty attacker to evade these low-level system specific features.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a High School Wrestling Team and the Surrounding Community (1998)

The MRSA was transmitted among members of a wrestling team. Infection with MRSA should be suspected in outbreaks of boils that are nonresponsive to standard antibiotic therapy among healthy participants of contact sports and their close contacts.
The performance of a traveling-wave-type semiconductor laser amplifier as a booster in multiwavelength simultaneous amplification (1990)

In this study, the theoretical worst and the average interchannel crosstalk are shown as a function of normalized input power. The validity of normalization by saturation input power is confirmed by experimental data. This normalized input power must be set below -20 and -10 dB for multiwavelength numbers of 20 and 4, respectively, to attain an average interchannel crosstalk of under -10 dB. The optical loss, including interchannel crosstalk, that can be compensated by a traveling-wave-type semiconductor laser amplifier (TWA) is analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the compensable optical loss could be evaluated by using the average interchannel crosstalk in multiwavelength transmission system design. Applying a TWA as a preamplifier is more effective in systems that include excess optical loss in the receiver.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A New Insight into the Thermofix Dyeing of Polyester‐Cellulose Blends (1969)

Novel experimental techniques have been used to show that in thermofix dyeing disperse dyes are transferred from cotton to polyester fibres—in a blend or union fabric—solely by a vapour‐phase mechanism. Other possible modes of transfer were examined, but no evidence was found to support them. The heat fastness of paniculate disperse dyes on cotton was correlated with their transfer properties to polyester fibres. The various types of behaviour of disperse dyes in bulk application are explained. Functions of padding assistants and, in particular, a migration inhibitor and the importance of time and temperature in thermofixation procedures are dealt with in practical terms in Part II of the paper.