gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using a Hybrid Approach to Data Management in Relational Database and Blockchain: a Case Study on The E-health Domain (2020)

Relational Databases (RDBs) have been widely used for decades. However, new persistence technologies are emerging, such as Blockchain, which is disruptive and has relevant properties, such as immutability and no third parties. Therefore, applications that use RDB can benefit from these properties by migrating part of their data to Blockchains. This article presents the MOON, a hybrid approach to manage data in RDB and Blockchain, which receives SQL queries. A case study was performed with a real health dataset using three scenarios. The conclusion is that the MOON responds to requests correctly and provides RDB and Blockchain features. Moreover, its response time was intermediate between RDB and Blockchains.
INDEX TO VOLUME 20, 1966 (1966)

Journal Article INDEX TO VOLUME 20, 1966 Get access Wilma H. Lehmann Wilma H. Lehmann Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Evolution, Volume 20, Issue 4, 1 December 1966, Pages 668–672, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1966.tb03398.x Published: 01 December 1966
Natural Geochemical Analogues for Carbon Dioxide Storage in Deep Geological Porous Reservoirs, a United Kingdom Perspective (2005)

Elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2 are implicated in global warming. Mitigation of this requires capture of CO2 from fossil fuel power sources and storage in subsurface aquifers or depleted hydrocarbon fields. Demonstration projects and financial analysis suggest that this is technologically feasible. CO2 must retained below ground for 104 y into the future to enable the surface carbon cycle to reduce atmospheric CO2 levels. To provide robust predictions of the performance of disposal sites at the required timescale, one approach is to study natural CO2 accumulations, which give insight into rock-CO2-brine interactions over timescales of 103 - 5.106 y. In contrast to geochemical modelling predictions, natural CO2 fields in the North Sea (Brae, Miller, Magnus, Sleipner), at 4.0 km and deeper, do not show the mineral products which are predicted to form. Calcite and feldspar still comprise 5-20% of the rock, and dawsonite is absent. SE Australian and Arizona reservoir sandstones also do not fit to geochemical predictions. A state of disequilibrium possibly exists, so that existing geochemical modelling is not capable of accurately predicting kinetic-controlled and surface-chemistry controlled mineral dissolution or precipitation in natural subsurface sandstones on the required timescales. Improved calibration of models is required. Geochemical evidence from laboratory experiments (months to years duration), or from enhanced oil recovery (30 y duration) are again too short in timescale. To help to bridge the 104 y gap, it may be useful to examine natural analogues (103-106 y), which span the timescale required for durable disposal. The Colorado Plateau is a natural CO2 system, analogous to an hydrocarbon system, where 100 Gm3 CO2 fields occur, sourced from 0-5 Ma volcanics. Deep erosion has exposed the sediments which formed CO2 source, CO2 carrier, CO2 reservoir, CO2 trap, CO2 seal. Some very large CO2 traps are now exhumed, and some are currently leaking to form cool travertine springs at the surface. Natural examples at Salt Wash Green River, and at Moab Fault are briefly described. These show extensive bleaching of haematite which may be locally redeposited, carbonate cementation ?13C -70 around point sources, and silica precipitation, which may seal leak-off on buried anticline crests. Accurate geochemical modelling of the long-term performance of CO2 storage sites, requires improved understanding of CO2 reaction paths and reaction rates with aquifer reservoirs and with overlying seals. Robust prediction of disposal site performance is not possible without this.
Efficient object-oriented integration and regression testing (2000)

This paper presents a model, a strategy and a methodology for planning integration and regression testing from an object-oriented model. It shows how to produce a model of structural system test dependencies which evolves with the refinement process of the object-oriented design. The model (test dependency graph) serves as a basis for ordering classes and methods to be tested for regression and integration purposes (minimization of test stubs). The mapping from unified modeling language to the defined model is detailed as well as the test methodology. While the complexity of optimal stub minimization is exponential with the size of the model, an algorithm is given that: computes a strategy for integration testing with a quadratic complexity in the worst case; and provides an efficient testing order for minimizing the number of stubs. Various integration strategies are compared with the optimized algorithm (a real-world case study illustrates this comparison). The results of the experiment seem to give nearly optimal stubs with a low cost despite the exponential complexity of getting optimal stubs. As being a part of a design-for-testability approach, the presented methodology also leads to the early repartition of testing resources during system integration for reducing integration duration.
Analysis of candidate plasticity genes in visual cortex. (2010)

The goals of this dissertation is to further the understanding of the roles of two genes identified by differential display polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) of cat visual cortex as candidate genes to play a role in visual cortical plasticity. Analysis of normal and dark rearing of cats at five and twenty weeks identified Dab-1, the mammalian homologue of the disabled-1 gene found in drosophila and Munc13-3, the mammalian homologue of the c. elegans "uncoordinated" or unc -13 gene. Dab-1 transcription analysis showed a pattern of high levels during the peak (5 weeks) and low levels at the nadir (20 weeks) of the critical period in normally reared animals with opposite transcription levels in dark reared animals (the "plasticity" pattern). Munc13-3 showed the opposite pattern with low levels of transcription at the peak of the critical period and high levels at the nadir in normally reared and opposite pattern in dark reared animals ("anti-plasticity" patterm). This project extended the mRNA findings on Western blot analysis to study protein expression of both genes in the visual cortex during the critical period in both cats and mice. This analysis confirmed both Dab-1 and Munc13-3 as candidate plasticity genes showing "plasticity" and "anti-plasticity" patterns of protein expression, respectively, in visual cortex. Immunohistochemical labeling of Dab-1 in cat visual cortex revealed a consistent developmental decline in density of immunopositive cells across all cortical lamina from birth through the critical period. Comparisons of Dab-1 immunohistochemistry in normal and dark reared cats at the peak and nadir of the critical period showed staining patterns consistent with the results of the total protein expression studies. There was a greater immunopositive cell density in normal vs. dark reared animals at the peak of the critical period and greater cell density in dark reared than normal at the nadir of the critical period. Through the use of genetic mutants lacking the Dab-1 gene, additional Western blot analyses were performed to assess potential relationships between Dab-1 and expression of NMDA receptor subunits during the visual critical period. An inverse relationship was found between mutant and wild-type mice in the ratio of expression of NR2A and NR2B subunits between normal and dark-reared animals indicating a strong relationship between the proteins. While future experiments need to be conducted to further elucidate more details on the specific functions of both genes, this research provides substantial evidence that Munc13-3 and Dab-1 are both genes with
Tetracycline-Induced Steatosis in Primary Canine Hepatocyte Cultures (1997)

Primary hepatocyte cultures prepared from male beagle dog liver were used to determine susceptibility of the canine liver to tetracycline-induced steatosis. The effects of the drug on mitochondrial lipid metabolism and intracellular triglyceride accumulation were monitored at the same time that steatosis was detected by light microscopy and quantitated using lipid-specific stains. Exposure of primary canine hepatocyte cultures to tetracycline for 24–48 h resulted in concentration-dependent, significant increases in the Oil Red O-stained lipid inclusions. Microscopic examination of the total stained areas suggested that increases over control levels were due primarily to the increase in the size of the lipid inclusions rather than in the number. Biochemical analyses for triglyceride content and histological staining with Nile red, another neutral lipid-specific dye, confirmed a specific increase in intracellular triglyceride following a 24-h exposure to noncytotoxic levels of tetracycline. β-oxidation studies based on the oxidation of [14]palmetic acid or [14]palmetoyl carnitine demonstrated a concentration-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial but not peroxisomal β-oxidation in hepatocytes after a 24-h exposure to tetracycline. In vitro incubation of tetracycline with mitochondria isolated from dog liver showed similar, concentration-dependent inhibition. This study clearly indicates that the canine hepatocyte is susceptible to tetracycline-induced steatosis. Triglyceride accumulation was concomitant with the inhibition of mitochondrial lipid metabolism, indicating that this is a primary mechanism leading to steatosis in dog hepatocytes following tetracycline exposure.
STUDIES IN CHROMATOGRAPHIC TRANSPORT: III. CHROMATHERMOGRAPHY (1962)

A compilation is given of the many Soviet publications on chromathermography (regular displacement chromatography plus a moving thermal gradient). However, the Soviet workers have failed to describe adequately the transport of adsorbates having Langmuir isotherms. The author corrects this situation with a simple but accurate theoretical treatment. It was found (in contrast to isothermal chromatography) that the relative velocity of transport in the trailing edge of a band obeyed the equation[Formula: see text]The characteristic temperature and/or spread of an adsorbate band depend on (1) the temperature distribution within the gradient; (2) the relative velocity of the gradient; (3) the adsorption isotherm as a function of temperature; (4) the amount of adsorbate; (5) the nature of the carrier solvent; (6) the presence, the amounts, and the isotherms of other adsorbates.Whereas most forms of chromatography dissipate the adsorbate and reduce its concentration, chromathermography provides a mechanism for concentrating the adsorbate to a level that can be above the concentration at which it is injected into the column.
Evidence That High Telomerase Activity May Induce a Senescent-like Growth Arrest in Human Fibroblasts (2003)

Expression of the catalytic subunit of human telomerase (hTERT), in normal human fibroblasts allows them to escape replicative senescence. However, we have observed that populations of hTERT-immortalized human fibroblasts contain 3-20% cells with a senescent morphology. To determine what causes the appearance of these senescent-like cells, we used flow cytometry to select them from the population and analyzed them for various senescence markers, telomere length, and telomerase activity. This subpopulation of cells had elevated levels of p21 and hypophosphorylated Rb, but telomere length was similar to that of the immortal cells in the culture that was sorted. Surprisingly, telomerase activity in the senescent-like cells was significantly elevated compared with immortal cells from the same population, suggesting that high telomerase activity may induce the senescent phenotype. Furthermore, transfection of normal fibroblasts with a hTERT-expressing plasmid that confers high telomerase activity led to the induction of p21, a higher percentage of SA-beta-galactosidase-positive cells, and a greater number of cells entering growth arrest compared with controls. These results suggest that excessive telomerase activity may act as a hyperproliferative signal in cells and induce a senescent phenotype in a manner similar to that seen following overexpression of oncogenic Ras, Raf, and E2F1. Thus, there must be a critical threshold of telomerase activity that permits cell proliferation.
Development of a gas-fired absorption heat pump (1985)

A new absorbent-refrigerant pair suitable for heat pump heating and air-cooled cooling has been developed. Water has been selected as the refrigerant, mainly from the viewpoint of high cycle efficiency and safety, while a 1:1 mixture of lithium bromide (LiBr) and zinc chloride (ZnCl/sub 2/) by weight has been chosen as the absorbent in view of its higher solubility and affinity for water. Based on thermodynamic analysis with experimental data on properties, the new absorbent solution will give a heating COP of 1.57 and a cooling COP of 1.00 as gross values of double-effect absorption cycles, including a boiler efficiency of 80%. As a result of an experimental investigation on corrosiveness and corrosion inhibitors, promising equipment materials and inhibitors have been discovered. Prototypical units of 3.5kw (1-ton) and 35kw (10-ton) have been installed and are undergoing demonstration testing in the laboratory.
COCO-Stuff: Thing and Stuff Classes in Context (2016)

Semantic classes can be either things (objects with a well-defined shape, e.g. car, person) or stuff (amorphous background regions, e.g. grass, sky). While lots of classification and detection works focus on thing classes, less attention has been given to stuff classes. Nonetheless, stuff classes are important as they allow to explain important aspects of an image, including (1) scene type; (2) which thing classes are likely to be present and their location (through contextual reasoning); (3) physical attributes, material types and geometric properties of the scene. To understand stuff and things in context we introduce COCO-Stuff, which augments all 164K images of the COCO 2017 dataset with pixel-wise annotations for 91 stuff classes. We introduce an efficient stuff annotation protocol based on superpixels, which leverages the original thing annotations. We quantify the speed versus quality trade-off of our protocol and explore the relation between annotation time and boundary complexity. Furthermore, we use COCO-Stuff to analyze: (a) the importance of stuff and thing classes in terms of their surface cover and how frequently they are mentioned in image captions; (b) the spatial relations between stuff and things, highlighting the rich contextual relations that make our dataset unique; (c) the performance of a modern semantic segmentation method on stuff and thing classes, and whether stuff is easier to segment than things.
Fluorescent Intensity of Dye Solutions under Different pH Conditions (2005)

Abstract Fluorescent tracers are widely used for assessment of spray quantity in the field due to their relatively high sensitivity, low cost and user safety. However, many concerns have been raised over their measurement accuracy due to questions of stability of fluorescence during tests. Stable analysis of fluorescence is essential to ensure accurate evaluation of pesticide spray application efficiency. The objective of this research was to determine the stability of fluorescent intensity of five tracers dissolved in solutions with various pH conditions in an effort to minimize analytical errors in the measurement of spray deposition and drift. The fluorescent intensity of five fluorescent tracers commonly used for the quantitative assessment of spray deposition and off-target loss was investigated with wash solutions over pH conditions from 6.9–10.4. The tracers selected in the tests were Brilliant Sulfaflavine (BSF), Fluorescein, Pyranine, Tinopal, and Eosin. The fluorescence of Pyranine was the most sensitive to the solution pH conditions, followed by Fluorescein and Tinopal, while BSF and Eosin had a nearly constant fluorescent intensity over the pH range from 6.9–10.4. The fluorescence of Fluorescein increased 1.3 times, Tinopal 1.25 times, and Pyranine 3.0 times as the pH value increased from 6.9–8.4, but it became nearly constant when pH value was greater than 8.4. However, Pyranine, Fluorescein, and Tinopal showed much stronger fluorescence than BSF and Eosin. A solution containing Fluorescein at pH 8.4 and higher demonstrated 83 times greater fluorescent intensity than the solution containing the same amount of BSF. In conclusion, the fluorescence of tracers should be examined under various pH conditions during the selection of tracers for pesticide spray deposition and drift trials.
Urinary exosomes: A reservoir for biomarker discovery and potential mediators of intrarenal signalling (2012)

Over the last decade, there has been increasing research interest in urinary exosomes and their relationship with kidney physiology and disease. Protocols for isolating urinary exosomes have been refined and the exosomal proteome has been extensively catalogued and reported to contain proteins from the kidney's glomerulus and all sections of the nephron. In animal and human biomarker discovery studies, this proteome changes to reflect the underlying pathophysiology of certain kidney diseases. In addition to proteins, exosomes from urine have been demonstrated to contain RNA species, another new reservoir for biomarker discovery. Exosomes have the capacity to shuttle their cargo between kidney cells and change the recipient cell's proteome and function, and may represent a mechanism for cell-to-cell signalling along the nephron. Significant challenges remain; methods for urinary exosome collection need optimisation if "real-life" clinical utility is to be achieved, consensus is needed regarding normalisation of changes in exosomal protein and RNA, larger scale exosome biomarker validation studies remain to be performed, and whether exosomes signal between cells in vivo remains an intriguing, but untested, hypothesis.
Role of protein kinase-A in homologous down-regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells (1994)

Homologous down-regulation of PTH/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor expression occurs in several PTH-responsive osteoblastic cell lines, but the mechanisms responsible are not well understood. We have used wild-type SaOS-2 human osteoblastic cells, in which homologous PTH/PTHrP receptor down-regulation occurs within 4 h, and a mutant cAMP-resistant subclone (Ca4A strain), to investigate the mechanisms by which PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA is regulated. SaOS-2 cells expressed a single 2.2- to 2.5-kilobase transcript of PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA, as assessed by Northern blot analysis of total RNA with a cDNA probe encoding the human PTH/PTHrP receptor. Homologous down-regulation of this PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA first became significant when SaOS-2 cells had been treated with human (h) PTH-(1-34) (10(-7) M) for 8-12 h. By 24 h, steady state levels of PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA were reduced by about 50%. This effect was mimicked by both (Bu)2cAMP (DBcAMP; 0.5 mM) and forskolin (Fsk; 10(-5) M). In contrast, down-regulation of PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA by hPTH-(1-34), DBcAMP or Fsk was almost completely blocked in cAMP-resistant Ca4A cells. Short term (4-6 h) treatment with hPTH-(1-34), DBcAMP, or Fsk did not reduce steady state levels of PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA in either SaOS-2 or Ca4A cells, although down-regulation was induced by 4-6 h of treatment with active phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (200 nM) or phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (200 nM). Neither thapsigargin (1 microM) nor ionomycin (200 nM), both of which stimulate calcium transients in these cells, altered PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA expression. Treatment with hPTH-(39-84) and hPTH-(53-84), which do not activate either cAMP-dependent protein kinase or protein kinase-C, but do stimulate 45Ca2+ uptake in these cells, did not alter PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA expression. In the presence of actinomycin-D (1 microgram/ml), down-regulation of PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA by hPTH-(1-34) was not observed. Cycloheximide (10 micrograms/ml) did not block down-regulation of PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA induced by hPTH-(1-34). We conclude that homologous down-regulation of PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA in SaOS-2 cells occurs later than the decline in functional surface receptors via a mechanism that does not involve enhanced mRNA degradation or new protein synthesis, but is dependent upon cAMP/cAMP-dependent protein kinase.
New Criteria for Redevelopment Areas (1968)

lated programs of federal assistance have attempted to close the gap between redevelopment areas and the economically flourishing parts of the nation in three ways: they offer technical expertise which distressed areas have proved unable to supply for themselves, and special incentives for firms to expand into areas which they have hitherto avoided or would otherwise find unappealing, and they augment financial aid to undertake urban renewal and manpower training efforts. The major deficiency in an otherwise creative piece of legislation was its failure to recognize that 1965 was not 1961. By the mid-1960's it had become apparent that national prosperity was helping in many redevelopment areas to reduce unemployment to the national rates of the late 1950's
The Effect of Plasma Cure Temperature on Spin‐On Glass (1993)

The quality of spin‐on glass (SOG) films, which are widely used as interlevel planarization dielectrics, can be improved by curing in gas plasma. The etch rate of SOG films plasma‐cured in oxygen ambient is lower than that of films nitrogen‐cured in a furnace, which is the commonly used SOG curing method. The etch rate decreases with increasing plasma cure temperature. Furthermore, a high‐temperature plasma cure reduces the number of the silanols, which act as adsorption sites of water. However, plasma curing at 400°C promotes hot carrier degradation. There is an optimum plasma curing temperature that can improve film quality with a minimum of hot carrier degradation. That temperature is thought to be around 300°C. The plasma curing process at 300°C can also produce crack‐free SOG films.
A recovery algorithm for a high-performance memory-resident database system (1987)

With memory prices dropping and memory sizes increasing accordingly, a number of researchers are addressing the problem of designing high-performance database systems for managing memory-resident data. In this paper we address the recovery problem in the context of such a system. We argue that existing database recovery schemes fall short of meeting the requirements of such a system, and we present a new recovery mechanism which is designed to overcome their shortcomings. The proposed mechanism takes advantage of a few megabytes of reliable memory in order to organize recovery information on a per “object” basis. As a result, it is able to amortize the cost of checkpoints over a controllable number of updates, and it is also able to separate post-crash recovery into two phases—high-speed recovery of data which is needed immediately by transactions, and background recovery of the remaining portions of the database. A simple performance analysis is undertaken, and the results suggest our mechanism should perform well in a high-performance, memory-resident database environment.
Potential Impacts of Windows Vista on Digital Investigations (2007)

Several of the new features of Windows Vista may create challenges for digital investigators. Howeve r, some also provide opportunities and create interesting new evidential artefacts which can be recovered and analysed. This paper examines several of these new features and describes methods for recovering volume shadow copies of files, identifyi ng BitLocker on a system, the importance of recovery keys in dealing with BitLocker encrypted evidence and also describes the problems that User Account Control could cause for live inve stigations.