gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Choice of fluids for resuscitation in children with severe infection and shock (2010)

Isotonic crystalloids are advised in early, and colloids in late, resuscitation

In the linked systematic review (doi:10.1136/bmj.c4416), Akech and colleagues assessed studies that compared the use of isotonic crystalloids and colloids for fluid resuscitation in children with severe infection and shock. All of the studies were carried out in resource poor settings.1 This is an important topic because early fluid resuscitation is a mainstay of treatment for septic shock, which has a high mortality in children worldwide.2 3

One study carried out in the United States assessed mortality and functional morbidity in 5000 children who were referred to five children’s hospitals after being received in the emergency department of a community hospital.4 Shock was defined by the presence of prolonged capillary refill (>2 seconds) or hypotension, or both. The results showed that although 40% of children who were referred had shock, this was recognised as such in only 7%, and the remainder were mistakenly referred for “respiratory distress.” Outcomes were better in patients who presented at earlier stages of haemodynamic instability, and mortality was halved when these haemodynamic abnormalities were reversed in the emergency setting. Use …
Subharmonically injection locked 94 GHz MMIC HEMT oscillator using coplanar technology (2002)

A coplanar subharmonically injection locked VCO for 94 GHz with a tuning range of 4.5 GHz was developed, using 0.15 /spl mu/m AlGaAs-InGaAs-GaAs PM-HEMTs. A phase noise of -71 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the carrier was measured for the unlocked VCO. Using 3/sup rd/ subharmonic injection locking, a phase noise of -106 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset (-91 dBc/Hz at 100 KHz offset) for the locked VCO with a locking range of 1 GHz was achieved.
Combining transmit beamforming, space-time block coding and delay spread reduction (2004)

Multipath fading and inter-symbol interference (ISI) are two fundamental impairments limiting the transmission quality of broadband wireless communications. In this paper we consider multiple-input single-output ISI channels and propose an ISI minimizing method implemented at the base station (BS) side using space time block coding (STBC) and statistical pre-filtering (SPF), which combines transmit beamforming (TB) with signal pre-alignment (PAL) based on the statistical knowledge of downlink channel state information (CSI). The proposed method transforms a time-dispersive channel into multiple flat fading channels, thus not only the ISI is minimized through SPF, but also the path diversity is maintained through STBC. With the delay spread reduction capability, the SPF method is further applied to multicarrier systems to reduce the cyclic prefix length, thus to increase the system throughput. Computer simulations have evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Sleep deprivation: Impact on cognitive performance. (2007)

Today, prolonged wakefulness is a widespread phenomenon. Nevertheless, in the field of sleep and wakefulness, several unanswered questions remain. Prolonged wakefulness can be due to acute total sleep deprivation (SD) or to chronic partial sleep restriction. Although the latter is more common in everyday life, the effects of total SD have been examined more thoroughly. Both total and partial SD induce adverse changes in cognitive performance. First and foremost, total SD impairs attention and working memory, but it also affects other functions, such as long-term memory and decision-making. Partial SD is found to influence attention, especially vigilance. Studies on its effects on more demanding cognitive functions are lacking. Coping with SD depends on several factors, especially aging and gender. Also interindividual differences in responses are substantial. In addition to coping with SD, recovering from it also deserves attention. Cognitive recovery processes, although insufficiently studied, seem to be more demanding in partial sleep restriction than in total SD.
Role of microRNAs in Arbovirus/Vector Interactions (2014)

The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as small non-coding RNAs in regulation of gene expression has been recognized. They appear to be involved in regulation of a wide range of cellular pathways that affect several biological processes such as development, the immune system, survival, metabolism and host-pathogen interactions. Arthropod-borne viruses impose great economic and health risks around the world. Recent advances in miRNA biology have shed some light on the role of these small RNAs in vector-virus interactions. In this review, I will reflect on our current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in arbovirus-vector interactions and the potential avenues for their utilization in limiting virus replication and/or transmission.
Comparative Study of Open-Loop Transmit Diversity Schemes for Four Transmit Antennas in Coded OFDM Systems (2007)

We compare four open-loop transmit diversity schemes in a coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system with four transmit antennas, namely cyclic delay diversity (CDD), Space-Time Block Code (STBC, Alamouti code is used) with CDD, Quasi-Orthogonal STBC (QO-STBC) and Minimum- Decoding-Complexity QOSTBC (MDC-QOSTBQ. We show that in a coded system with low code rate, a scheme with spatial transmit diversity of second order can achieve similar performance to that with spatial transmit diversity of fourth order due to the additional diversity provided by the phase shift diversity with channel coding. In addition, we also compare the decoding complexity and other features of the above four mentioned schemes, such as the requirement for the training signals, hybrid automatic retransmission request (HARQ), etc. The discussions in this paper can be readily applied to future wireless communication systems, such as mobile systems beyond 3G, IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN, or IEEE 802.16 WiMAX, that employ more than two transmit antennas and OFDM.
HLA Typing from 1000 Genomes Whole Genome and Whole Exome Illumina Data (2013)

Specific HLA genotypes are known to be linked to either resistance or susceptibility to certain diseases or sensitivity to certain drugs. In addition, high accuracy HLA typing is crucial for organ and bone marrow transplantation. The most widespread high resolution HLA typing method used to date is Sanger sequencing based typing (SBT), and next generation sequencing (NGS) based HLA typing is just starting to be adopted as a higher throughput, lower cost alternative. By HLA typing the HapMap subset of the public 1000 Genomes paired Illumina data, we demonstrate that HLA-A, B and C typing is possible from exome sequencing samples with higher than 90% accuracy. The older 1000 Genomes whole genome sequencing read sets are less reliable and generally unsuitable for the purpose of HLA typing. We also propose using coverage % (the extent of exons covered) as a quality check (QC) measure to increase reliability.
A non-orthogonal SVD-based decomposition for phase invariant error-related potential estimation (2011)

The estimation of the Error Related Potential from a set of trials is a challenging problem. Indeed, the Error Related Potential is of low amplitude compared to the ongoing electroencephalographic activity. In addition, simple summing over the different trials is prone to errors, since the waveform does not appear at an exact latency with respect to the trigger. In this work, we propose a method to cope with the discrepancy of these latencies of the Error Related Potential waveform and offer a framework in which the estimation of the Error Related Potential waveform reduces to a simple Singular Value Decomposition of an analytic waveform representation of the observed signal. The followed approach is promising, since we are able to explain a higher portion of the variance of the observed signal with fewer components in the expansion.
Synthetic Prostacyclin Analogs Differentially Regulate Macrophage Function via Distinct Analog-Receptor Binding Specificities (2007)

PGI(2) (prostacyclin) is a lipid mediator with vasodilatory and antithrombotic effects used in the treatment of vasoconstrictive/ischemic diseases including pulmonary artery hypertension. However, emerging research supports a role for PGs, including PGI(2), in the regulation of both innate and acquired immunity. As PGI(2) is unstable, we sought to define the effects of various PGI(2) analogs on resident alveolar macrophage (AM) and peritoneal macrophage (PM) innate immune functions. The effects of iloprost, carbaprostacyclin, and treprostinil on the regulation of phagocytosis, bacterial killing, and inflammatory mediator production were determined in both macrophage populations from rats. Iloprost failed to suppress AM functions to the same degree that it did in PMs, a characteristic shared by carbaprostacyclin. This difference reflected greater expression of the G(alphas) protein-coupled I prostanoid receptor and greater cAMP generation in PMs than AMs. Treprostinil inhibited phagocytosis, bacterial killing, and cytokine generation in AMs to a much greater degree than the other PGI(2) analogs and more closely resembled the effects of PGE(2). Studies with the E prostanoid (EP) 2 receptor antagonist AH-6809 and EP2-null macrophages indicated that this was due in part to the previously unknown ability of treprostinil to stimulate the EP2 receptor. The present investigation for the first time identifies differences in immunoregulatory properties of clinically administered PGI(2) analogs. These studies are the first to explore the capacity of PGI(2) to regulate bacterial killing and phagocytosis in macrophages, and our findings may hold important consequences regarding the risk of infection for patients receiving such agents.
Computed Tomography Studies of 3-D Miscible Displacement Behavior in a Laboratory Five-Spot Model (1988)

ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of computed tomography (CT) studies of three-dimensional (3-D) miscible displacements in a laboratory five-spot model. In the field, gravity forces resulting from a density difference between a miscible agent (solvent) and a reservoir oil may cause segregation and result in an overriding solvent tongue. The laboratory model used in these experiments is a one-quarter of a five-spot pattern (20 cm × 20 cm × 15 cm) with a porous medium constructed of spherical glass beads. Viscous and gravity forces are scaled within certain limits to represent conditions applicable to the field. Displacements are conducted at mobility ratios of 7.5 and 22.4 over a range (approximately 2 to 23) of viscous-to-gravity force ratios (Rv/g). Previous five-spot recovery correlations, based on a combination of 2-D areal and 2-D vertical sweepout, are found to overestimate recovery for the 3-D displacements. At one pore volume injected, for example, recoveries range from approximately 10% to 30% lower than those indicated by earlier correlations. In contrast with 2-D behavior, recovery efficiency increases continuously with greater Rv/g. The displacement characteristics for 2-D flow typically show a single overriding solvent tongue; the 3-D displacement characteristics observed here typically include an overriding tongue with secondary fingers. These results provide new experimental data in true 3-D geometry, and reinforce concerns with extending previous 2-D concepts to flow in 3-D five-spot patterns.
Supplemental Access Control (PACE v2): Security Analysis of PACE Integrated Mapping. (2011)

Abstract. We describe and analyze the password-based key establishment protocol PACE v2 Integrated Mapping (IM), an evolution of PACE v1 jointly proposed by Gemalto and Sagem Sécurité. PACE v2 IM enjoys the following properties: – patent-freeness 3 (to the best of current knowledge in the field); – full resistance to dictionary attacks, secrecy and forward secrecy in the security model agreed upon by the CEN TC224 WG16 group; – optimal performances. The PACE v2 IM protocol is intended to provide an alternative to the German PACE v1 protocol, which is also the German PACE v2 Generic Mapping (GM) protocol, proposed by the German Federal Office for Information Security (BSI). In this document, we provide – a description of PACE v2 IM, – a description of the security requirements one expects from a password-based key establishment protocol in order to support secure applications, – a security proof of PACE v2 IM in the so-called Bellare-Pointcheval-Rogaway (BPR) security model. 1
Absolute quantum efficiencies of micro-channelplates for 8-28 keV electrons (1980)

Absolute measurements of the quantum efficiency for electrons with 8-28 keV energies and input angles between 3 and 23 degrees are reported. The results are extrapolated to 100 keV. An experimental electron optical bench is used to generate an electron beam with energies up to 30 keV. The beam is focused by means of two magnetic lenses onto the input surface of a channelplate detector. The channelplate detector is preceded by a 'grey-filter' arrangement in order to reduce the primary current by a known amount. In this way the primary beam can be conveniently measured by an electrometer and at the same time be counted by the channelplate detector.
Distributed collaborative path planning in sensor networks with multiple mobile sensor nodes (2009)

This paper presents an efficient distributed collaboration scheme for a team of autonomous mobile sensor nodes which enables them to navigate through a sparse sensor network with stationary nodes searching for events and improving area coverage. The mobile sensor nodes have limited communication and sensing ranges and autonomously plan their trajectories in order to enhance the probability of event detection. The main objective of this work is to investigate collaboration schemes between the sensor nodes such that each mobile samples areas not covered by the stationary or other mobile nodes. The aim is to reduce the amount of information that needs to be exchanged between nodes without significant loss of performance (in terms of area coverage).
Teprotumumab for the treatment of mild compressive optic neuropathy in thyroid eye disease: A report of two cases (2021)

These cases suggest that teprotumumab can be a rapid and effective treatment for TED-CON, and raises the question of whether it may be superior to IV corticosteroid therapy.
Characterisation and serology of virus‐like particles associated with faba bean necrotic yellows (1993)

SUMMARY A disease showing chlorosis, leaf rolling and stunting in Vicia faba and other legumes was observed in West Asia and North Africa during 1987–1988. The putative causal agent could not be transmitted mechanically, but could be transmitted by aphids, most efficiently by Acyrthosiphon pisum, in the persistent manner. Further studies revealed isometric virus‐like particles (VLPs) closely associated with the disease, although their infectivity could not be demonstrated by membrane feeding. These particles, measuring c. 18 nm in diameter and containing a capsid protein of about 22 kDa and ssDNA of about 1 kb, are hereafter designated faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV). A high proportion of circular nucleic acid molecules of about 0.9 kb were visualised by electron microscopy. Hybridisation analysis of cloned viral DNA suggests that the circular genome is larger than 1 kb and consists of several components of similar size. An antiserum produced against FBNYV was used in ELISA, immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) and Western blot experiments for virus detection in aphids and field samples and for serological comparison with other viruses. Weak heterologous reactions between FBNYV and subterranean clover stunt virus (SCSV) were detected in IEM, but could not be confirmed in ELISA or Western blots. No serological relationship to banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) was detected. Using a direct tissue blot immunoassay (TBIA), FBNYV was detected in vascular tissue of infected faba bean leaves and stems.
Research and application of data management based on Data Management Maturity Model (DMM) (2018)

Through the analysis and contrast of the different Data Management Maturity Model, such as DCAM, DMM, DCMM and the model of IBM, we try to make empirical research under the framework of data management maturity model. This article take a project whose main research object is about the academic career of scientists and with massive unstructured data for example, through analysis of the goal, management processes and influence factors of this project in detail, we built up an evaluation system for data management for such projects under the framework of DCMM. It is expected to have a positive significance to the evaluation of similar data management capability.
Proteomics and the Kidney (2002)

Proteomics can be defined as "the systematic analysis of proteins for their identity, quantity, and function." The central concept is "multiplexing," i.e., simultaneous analysis of all proteins in a defined protein population, rather than investigation of one protein at a time, as in traditional biochemistry. Two major approaches have been described: (1) mass spectrometry-based approaches and (2) protein micro-array approaches. The purpose of this Science Watch article is to describe the fundamental features of these two approaches and to speculate on how proteomics will be useful in nephrology and nephrology research in the coming years.
Neuronal type information encoded in the basic-helix–loop–helix domain of proneural genes (1996)

The proneural genes encode basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins and promote the formation of distinct types of sensory organs. In Drosophila, two sets of proneural genes, atonal (ato) and members of the achaete-scute complex (ASC), are required for the formation of chordotonal (ch) organs and external sensory (es) organs, respectively. We assayed the production of sensory organs in transgenic flies expressing chimeric genes of ato and scute (sc), a member of ASC, and found that the information that specifies ch organs resides in the bHLH domain of ato; chimeras containing the b domain of ato and the HLH domain of sc also induced ch organ formation, but to a lesser extent than those containing the bHLH domain of ato. The b domains of ato and sc differ in seven residues. Mutations of these seven residues in the b domain of ato suggest that most or perhaps all of these residues are required for induction of ch organs. None of these seven residues is predicted to contact DNA directly by computer simulation using the structure of the myogenic factor MyoD as a model, implying that interaction of ato with other cofactors is likely to be involved in neuronal type specification.
REALIZA ENCUENTRO QUIMIUNAM 2011 (2011)

PARA DIFUNDIR LOS RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACION DE LOS ALUMNOS INSCRITOS EN EL PROGRAMA DE MAESTRIA Y DOCTORADO EN CIENCIAS QUIMICAS, Y FAVORECER EL INTERCAMBIO DE INFORMACION CIENTIFICA ENTRE LA COMUNIDAD UNIVERSITARIA, SE ORGANIZO EL ENCUENTRO QUIMIUNAM 2011, COMO PARTE DE LA CELEBRACION DEL ANO INTERNACIONAL DE ESTA DISCIPLINA. SE PRESENTO LO MAS RELEVANTE DE SUS INDAGACIONES EN EL AUDITORIO ALFONSO CASO, EN 27 PONENCIAS Y 54 CARTELES. DESTACARON ESTUDIO DEL CONTENIDO DE FLAVONOIDES CON ACTIVIDAD RELAJANTE Y ANALISIS POR HS-SPME/CG/EM DEL GORDOLOBO MEXICANO, LIBERACION TRANSD‚RMICA DE PIROXICAM EMPLEANDO MICROAGUJAS, Y PREPARACION DE NANOC PSULAS LLENAS DE AIRE PARA SU USO COMO AGENTES DE CONTRASTE PARA ULTRASONIDO, ENTRE OTRAS. PARTICIPARON LA FES CUAUTITL N Y LA FACULTAD DE QUIMICA (FQ), Y LOS INSTITUTOS DE CIENCIAS NUCLEARES, INVESTIGACIONES EN MATERIALES Y DE QUIMICA. ADEMAS, PROFESORES INVITADOS Y EXPERTOS INTERNACIONALES DICTARON CONFERENCIAS PLENARIAS DE SUS RESPECTIVAS ESPECIALIDADES. ENTRE ELLAS, MEDICAMENTOS DEL SIGLO XXI, A CARGO DE DAVID LECHUGA BALLESTEROS; CURIOSITY-DRIVEN DISCOVERY IN CHEMICALS SYNTHESIS, DE LANY STEVEN LIEBESKIN; MAGNETISM AT THE NANOSCALE, DE PURSOTTAM JENA; SILA-ILUROS DE FOSFONIO: LOS AN LOGOS PESADOS DE LOS REACTIVOS DE WITTIG, DE JOS‚ ANTOINE BACEIREDO, Y MEMBRANAS BASADAS EN TRANSPORTE FACILITADO. APLICACIONES MEDIOAMBIENTALES E INDUSTRIALES, DE INMACULADA ORTIZ URIBE. EN LA APERTURA, EDUARDO B RZANA GARCIA, SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA UNAM, ENFATIZO QUE EL POSGRADO ES UN EJEMPLO DE LA INVESTIGACION DE CALIDAD Y ALTO NIVEL QUE REALIZA LA UNIVERSIDAD PARA EL PAIS. ACTIVIDADES REFERIDAS SON RELEVANTES PARA EL FUTURO DE LA DISCIPLINA, CUESTION DE VITAL IMPORTANCIA PARA LA HUMANIDAD, CONSIDERO. EN LA TERCERA EDICION, PROSIGUIO, CONFLUYEN ESFUERZOS DE TRES INSTITUTOS Y DOS FACULTADES DE LA UNAM. LA INTERRELACION AMPLIAR  LA PREPARACION DE LOS PARTICIPANTES, FAVORECER  EL INTERCAMBIO E IMPULSAR  LA CREACION DE REDES DE CONOCIMIENTO, PUNTUALIZO. A SU VEZ, GLORIA SOBERON CH VEZ, COORDINADORA DE ESTUDIOS DE POSGRADO DE ESTA CASA DE ESTUDIOS, DESTACO LA INTERRELACION ENTRE LAS ENTIDADES QUE INTEGRAN EL PROGRAMA DE CIENCIAS QUIMICAS Y LA INTERVENCION DE LOS JOVENES EN EL ENCUENTRO. ASISTIERON TAMBI‚N JOSEFINA DE GYVES MARCINIAK, COORDINADORA DEL PROGRAMA DE MAESTRIA Y DOCTORADO EN CIENCIAS QUIMICAS; JORGE MANUEL V ZQUEZ RAMOS, DIRECTOR DE LA FACULTAD DE QUIMICA, Y RICARDO VERA GRAZIANO, TITULAR DEL INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN MATERIALES, ENTRE OTROS.
Packet recovery in high-speed networks using coding and buffer management (2002)

A technique for fiber-optic networks based on forward-error correction (FEC) that allows the destination to reconstruct missing data packets by using redundant parity packets that the source adds to each block of data packets is presented. Methods for generating several types of parity packets are described, along with decoding techniques and their implementations. Algorithms are presented for packet interleaving and selective rejection of packets from node buffers, both of which disperse missing packets among many blocks, thereby reducing the required coding complexity. Performance evaluation, by both analytic and simulation models, shows that this technique can result in a reduction of up to three orders of magnitude in the packet loss rate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Monolithic Superhydrophobic Polymer Layer with Photopatterned Virtual Channel for the Separation of Peptides Using Two-Dimensional Thin Layer Chromatography-Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2010)

Superhydrophobic monolithic porous polymer layers with a photopatterned hydrophilic channel have been prepared. These layers were used for two-dimensional thin layer chromatography of peptides. The 50 microm thin poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) layers supported onto 4.0 x 3.3 cm glass plates were prepared using UV-initiated polymerization in a simple glass mold. Photografting of a mixture of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate carried out through a mask afforded a 600 microm wide virtual channel along one side of the layer. This channel, which contains ionizable functionalities, enabled the first dimension separation in ion exchange mode. The aqueous mobile phase migrates only through the channel due to the large difference in surface tension at the interface of the hydrophilic channel and the superhydrophobic monolith. The unmodified part of the layer featuring hydrophobic chemistry was then used for the reversed phase separation in the orthogonal second dimension. Practical application of our technique was demonstrated with a rapid 2D separation of a mixture of model peptides differing in hydrophobicity and isoelectric point using a combination of ion-exchange and reversed phase modes. In the former mode, the peptides migrated 11 mm in less than 1 min. Detection of fluorescently labeled peptides was achieved through UV light visualization. Separation of the native peptides was monitored directly using a desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) source coupled to a mass spectrometer. Unidirectional surface scanning with the DESI source was found suitable to determine both the location of each separated peptide and its molecular mass.