gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser range-gated underwater imaging including polarization discrimination (1991)

A range-gated underwater imaging system is described that utilizes a frequency doubled, Q- switched Nd:YAG 30 Hz laser source for illumination and a fast-gated microchannel plate intensified CCD array camera for detection. Laser pulse widths of 7 ns are timed relative to comparable camera gates with subnanosecond jitter. Results for a test bed system obtained in a 4 X 4 X 40 ft water tank with various targets are presented. Water quality was varied with the addition of progressive concentrations of Maalox as scattering agent, and monitored with a home-built laser transmissometer. The 1/4 in., high contrast target lines were able to be resolved at ranges exceeding four attenuation lengths. A simple analytical model for image signal-to-noise ratios is presented and a straightforward polarization discrimination scheme suggested for contrast enhancement. Polarization optics were incorporated into the range-gated test bed system and results obtained for targets of varying characteristic depolarization. In all but a few cases where target and background depolarizations were similar, the signal to noise is enhanced in spite of rejection of orthogonal polarization signal. Issues regarding the evolution of the test bed system to field operation are discussed and significant progress in the development of appropriate miniaturized and ruggedized components is presented
Procedural noise using sparse Gabor convolution (2009)

Noise is an essential tool for texturing and modeling. Designing interesting textures with noise calls for accurate spectral control, since noise is best described in terms of spectral content. Texturing requires that noise can be easily mapped to a surface, while high-quality rendering requires anisotropic filtering. A noise function that is procedural and fast to evaluate offers several additional advantages. Unfortunately, no existing noise combines all of these properties.
3DFaceGAN: Adversarial Nets for 3D Face Representation, Generation, and Translation (2020)

Abstract Over the past few years, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have garnered increased interest among researchers in Computer Vision, with applications including, but not limited to, image generation, translation, imputation, and super-resolution. Nevertheless, no GAN-based method has been proposed in the literature that can successfully represent, generate or translate 3D facial shapes (meshes). This can be primarily attributed to two facts, namely that (a) publicly available 3D face databases are scarce as well as limited in terms of sample size and variability (e.g., few subjects, little diversity in race and gender), and (b) mesh convolutions for deep networks present several challenges that are not entirely tackled in the literature, leading to operator approximations and model instability, often failing to preserve high-frequency components of the distribution. As a result, linear methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) have been mainly utilized towards 3D shape analysis, despite being unable to capture non-linearities and high frequency details of the 3D face—such as eyelid and lip variations. In this work, we present 3DFaceGAN, the first GAN tailored towards modeling the distribution of 3D facial surfaces, while retaining the high frequency details of 3D face shapes. We conduct an extensive series of both qualitative and quantitative experiments, where the merits of 3DFaceGAN are clearly demonstrated against other, state-of-the-art methods in tasks such as 3D shape representation, generation, and translation.
Système automatique de reconnaissance d'empreintes digitales. Sécurisation de l'authentification sur carte à puce (2001)

La reconnaissance d'empreintes digitales est une technique biometrique mature pour toute application d'identification ou de verification d'individus. Dans cet article, nous decrivons la conception et le developpement d'un systeme automatique d'authentification d'identite par empreintes digitales. Ce systeme automatique de reconnaissance d'empreintes digitales est base sur une serie d'algorithmes complexes apparentes aux domaines du traitement d'images et/ou de la reconnaissance de motifs (nuages de points). Son originalite repose sur le portage de la phase de comparaison sur une carte a puce SmartJ 32-bit pour assurer une authentification rapide et securisee.
The Facilitation of Problem-Based Learning in Medical Education Through a Computer-Mediated Tutorial Laboratory. (1990)

This paper describes the means by which a computer-supported group interaction system known as the Computer-Mediated Tutorial Laboratory (CMTL) is used to support Problem-Based Learning Tutorials. The Problem-Based Learning Tutorial process has traditionally been solely a group process, sharing both the advantages and the disadvantages of any group process. This paper discusses the nature of Problem-Based Learning, the logistics of integrating computer mediation with the tutorial process and how computer mediation can be used to facilitate the eliciting and recording of individual input while enhancing the powerful effects of the group process.
Targeting the HIV-1 Spike and Coreceptor with Bi- and Trispecific Antibodies for Single-Component Broad Inhibition of Entry (2018)

Protection against acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may not require a vaccine in the conventional sense, because broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) alone prevent HIV infection in relevant animal challenge models. Additionally, bNAbs as therapeutics can effectively suppress HIV replication in infected humans and in animal models. Combinations of bNAbs are generally even more effective, and bNAb-derived multivalent antibody-like molecules also inhibit HIV replication both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> To expand the available array of multispecific HIV inhibitors, we designed single-component molecules that incorporate two (bispecific) or three (trispecific) bNAbs that recognize HIV Env exclusively, a bispecific CrossMAb targeting two epitopes on the major HIV coreceptor, CCR5, and bi- and trispecifics that cross-target both Env and CCR5. These newly designed molecules displayed exceptional breadth, neutralizing 98 to 100% of a 109-virus panel, as well as additivity and potency compared to those of the individual parental control IgGs. The bispecific molecules, designed as tandem single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) (10E8fv-N6fv and m36.4-PRO 140fv), displayed median 50% inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>s) of 0.0685 and 0.0131 μg/ml, respectively. A trispecific containing 10E8-PGT121-PGDM1400 Env-specific binding sites was equally potent (median IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.0135 μg/ml), while a trispecific molecule targeting Env and CCR5 simultaneously (10E8Fab-PGDM1400fv-PRO 140fv) demonstrated even greater potency, with a median IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.007 μg/ml. By design, some of these molecules lacked Fc-mediated effector function; therefore, we also constructed a trispecific prototype possessing reconstituted CH2-CH3 domains to restore Fc receptor binding capacity. The molecules developed here, along with those described previously, possess promise as prophylactic and therapeutic agents against HIV.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) prevent HIV infection in monkey challenge models and suppress HIV replication in infected humans. Combinations of bNAbs are more effective at suppression, and antibody-like molecules engineered to have two or three bNAb combining sites also inhibit HIV replication in monkeys and other animal models. To expand the available array of multispecific HIV inhibitors, we designed single-component molecules that incorporate two (bispecific) or three (trispecific) bNAb binding sites that recognize the HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env) or the HIV coreceptor (CCR5) or that cross-target both Env and CCR5. Several of the bi- and trispecific molecules neutralized most viruses in a diverse cross-clade panel, with greater breadth and potency than those of the individual parental bNAbs. The molecules described here provide additional options for preventing or suppressing HIV infection.
Nonlinear phase noise in coherent optical OFDM transmission systems (2010)

We derive an analytical formula to estimate the variance of nonlinear phase noise caused by the interaction of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise with fiber nonlinearity such as self-phase modulation (SPM), cross-phase modulation (XPM), and four-wave mixing (FWM) in coherent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The analytical results agree very well with numerical simulations, enabling the study of the nonlinear penalties in long-haul coherent OFDM systems without extensive numerical simulation. Our results show that the nonlinear phase noise induced by FWM is significantly larger than that induced by SPM and XPM, which is in contrast to traditional WDM systems where ASE-FWM interaction is negligible in quasi-linear systems. We also found that fiber chromatic dispersion can reduce the nonlinear phase noise. The variance of the total phase noise increases linearly with the bit rate, and does not depend significantly on the number of subcarriers for systems with moderate fiber chromatic dispersion.
Use of Theoretical Chemistry To Explain Baeyer-Villiger Oxidations of Methoxy Aromatic Aldehydes (1998)

This is a project for advanced students in two parts.First: A study of the Baeyer-Villiger reaction on para-methoxybenzaldehyde. Such a reaction is commonly used to oxidize ketones into esters. This portion of the study is intended to show advanced students the feasibility of using this reaction on an aromatic aldehyde. The use of monopersuccinic acid (PSA) constitutes an interesting alternative to the classical m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA).Second: The experiment is extended to various polymethoxybenzaldehydes and theoretical calculations are used to explain their particular behaviors. In acid medium at 55 °C the first step of reaction on dimethoxybenzaldehydes is rate determining. This is a special feature, as the rearrangement that constitutes the second step is usually rate determining. Calculations indicate the importance of the dihedral angle between aryl and O-O groups during the rearrangement.
Correctional nursing: a study protocol to develop an educational intervention to optimize nursing practice in a unique context (2013)

The context of provincial correctional facilities presents unique challenges for nurses' provision of care. This study will generate information to address practice and learning needs specific to correctional nurses. Interventions tailored to barriers and supports within specific contexts are important to enable nurses to provide evidence-informed care.
Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy for glioblastoma: current progress, challenges and future outlook (2020)

Evidence indicates that while clinical success of checkpoint blockade for the treatment of GBM has been limited to date, through improved preclinical models, optimization in the context of standard of care therapies, assay standardization and harmonization, and combinatorial approaches which may include novel targets for checkpoint blockade, checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy may yield a safe and effective therapeutic option for the treatment of GBM.
B<sub>4</sub>C‐Nanowires/Carbon‐Microfiber Hybrid Structures and Composites from Cotton T‐shirts (2010)

B4C-nanowire/carbon-microfiber hybrid structures are synthesized using cotton T-shirts as both the template and carbon source. The B4C nanowires exhibit a high elastic modulus of 428.1 ± 9.3 GPa and elastic recovery after multiple high-strain bending cycles without brittle failure or obvious residual deformation for the strain up to 45%. The hybrid structures can block 99.8% UV irradiation and achieve a superior reinforcing effect in epoxy composites.
Adaptive motion vector resampling for compressed video down-scaling (2002)

Digital video is becoming widely available only in the compressed form. In applications such as video browsing or picture-in-picture or transcoding for a lower bit rate, there is a need to downscale the video before transmission. In such instances, the conventional approach of generating a downscaled video bitstream at the video server is to first decompress the video, perform the downscaling operation in the pixel domain and then recompress it for efficient delivery. This process is computationally expensive due to the motion-estimation process needed during the recompression phase. We propose an alternative compressed domain based approach that computes the motion vectors for the downscaled (N/2/spl times/N/2) video sequence directly from the original motion vectors residing in the N/spl times/N video sequence. Furthermore, the downscaling of the DCT information is also done in the DCT domain. The proposed approach can lead to significant computational savings compared to the conventional spatial domain approach.
Stereo-based motion detection and tracking from a moving platform (2013)

This paper presents a motion detection approach based on a combination of dense optical flow and 3D stereo reconstruction. Our motion detection is not based on predefined templates, providing a generic framework suitable for a broad range of applications such as situation awareness. The approach estimates the likelihood of pixels motion from the fusion of dense optical flow and dense depth information estimated from a stereo camera. Temporal consistency is incorporated by tracking moving objects across consecutive images. The proposed algorithm is validated with publicly available datasets. The consistent results across different scenarios demonstrate the robustness of our framework, presenting an average detection rate of 92%.
Local vertical seismic profiling (VSP) elastic reverse-time migration and migration resolution: Salt-flank imaging with transmitted P-to-S waves (2010)

Abstract To avoid the defocusing effects of propagating waves through salt and overburden with an inaccurate overburden velocity model, we introduce a vertical seismic profiling (VSP) local elastic reverse-time-migration (RTM) method for salt-flank imaging by transmitted P-to-S waves. This method back-projects the transmitted PS waves using a local velocity model around the well until they are in phase with the back-projected PP waves at the salt boundaries. The merits of this method are that it does not require the complex overburden and salt-body velocities and it automatically accounts for source-side statics. In addition, the method accounts for kinematic and dynamic effects, including anisotropy, absorption, and all other unknown rock effects outside of this lo-cal subsalt velocity model. Numerical tests on an elastic salt model and offset 2D VSP data in the Gulf of Mexico, using a finite-difference time-domain staggered-grid RTM scheme, partly demonstrate the effectiveness of this method over interferometry PS-PP transmission migration and local acoustic RTM. Our method separates elastic wavefields to vector P- and S-wave velocity components at the trial image point and achieves better resolution than local acoustic RTM and interferometric transmission migration. The analytical formulas of migration resolution for local acoustic and elastic RTM show that the migration illumination is limited by data frequency and receiver aperture, and the spatial resolution is lower than standard poststack and prestack migration. This new method can image salt flanks as well as subsalt reflectors.
Add-on Treatment of Benzoate for Schizophrenia (2013)

Benzoate adjunctive therapy significantly improved a variety of symptom domains and neurocognition in patients with chronic schizophrenia. The preliminary results show promise for d-amino acid oxidase inhibition as a novel approach for new drug development for schizophrenia.
The importance of assessing the fit of logistic regression models: a case study. (1991)

Failure to address model adequacy may lead to misleading or incorrect inferences. Recommendations are made for the use of methods for assessing model adequacy and for future editorial policy in regard to the review of articles using logistic regression.
Monitoring of the generation of non-mutagenic benzoic acid compounds during the manufacture of erythrosine (2004)

The generation of 2-(2',4'-dihydroxybenzoyl) benzoic acid (DHBBA) and 2-(2',4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-diiodobenzoyl) benzoic acid (DHDIBBA) during the manufacture of erythrosine (Food Red No. 3) was examined. DHBBA is formed as an intermediate during the synthesis of fluorescein, and as fluorescein is produced, it is gradually consumed. However, under inappropriate reaction conditions, it remains in the resulting fluorescein at the termination of synthesis. DHDIBBA is easily obtained by the iodination of DHBBA. These compounds are also found when erythrosine is heated in excessive alkali. The results of the Ames test using DHBBA and DHDIBBA showed they did not possess mutagenic activity. The results clearly demonstrated that establishment of an upper limit for DHBBA and DHDIBBA is important in the quality control of fluorescein and erythrosine.
PIEZOELECTRIC INJECTION SYSTEM FOR VERNIER IMPULSE THRUSTERS. (1967)

Pulsed vernier rocket engines have shown distinct control advantages in many limit-cycle operations of space and re-entry vehicles. Weight reduction requirements preclude the optimal economy of propellant utilization that can be realized by delivery of small but accurate impulse bits of thrust. The propellant flow control for production of small impulse bits by vernier rocket engines is accomplished in developed systems by pressure-fed systems employing fast-acting pneumatic or solenoid valves. Control of impulse bit repeatability and response time for bi-propellant systems is, however, limited by the opening and closing characteristics of the valves. The pulse-pumped vernier engine concept provides accurate metering of the propellants through a rapid and controllable movement of a pump plunger. The total impulse required for a programmed space maneuver is delivered in a number of discrete but accurate impulses.
The development of an energy-efficient heating system for electric vehicles (2016)

Electric vehicle mileage is limited because of its dependence on the battery, and moreover is reduced due to the use of battery power for heating in winter and air conditioning in summer. In particular, the capacity of lithium ion batteries decreases as the temperature of the battery falls. At a temperature of -25°C, the capacity is decreased to 60% of that at 25 °C. In particular, PTC heaters, which are mainly used in electric vehicles, increase battery power consumption. Also, the heat pump, and in particular its compressor, consumes a lot of battery power, and it shows poor performance in cold weather. Hence, the PTC heater and heat pump are not good solutions for the heating issues of electric vehicles. According to recent studies, the cruising range of electric vehicles is reduced to about 40% due to the power consumption of the heater at 0 °C. In order to enhance heating performance and initial battery performance of electric vehicles in cold weather, a feasibility study of a fire-operating heating system using a low carbon fuel was conducted in this work, and satisfactory results were obtained.
<i>In vivo</i> analysis of intracellular thallium‐201 accumulation in skeletal muscle of the rat (1991)

The specific accumulation of the K(+)-analogue Tl+ (201Tl+) in muscle after intramuscular injection was analysed by gamma spectrometry in vivo of rat hamstring muscles. A mixture (0.1 ml) of 201Tl+ (thallous+ chloride-) and 99mTc-pertechnetate- (Na+ pertechnetate-) was given, by which 99mTc-pertechnetate- served as a reference substance with negligible intracellular accumulation. After 30 min 8.9 +/- 5.8% of injected 99mTc-pertechnetate- remained in the muscle and 49 +/- 10% of 201Tl+ (+/- SD, n = 18). The difference between 201Tl+ and 99mTc-pertechnetate- at 30 min was taken as a measure of the intracellular 201Tl+ accumulation, which was 40% of the initial amount of 201Tl+. The half-time of the calculated intracellular 201Tl+ accumulation was 4.9 +/- 1.9 min. In the presence of ouabain (1.0 mM in the injectate) the intracellular 201Tl+ accumulation was 25 +/- 10% (n = 7), that is ouabain decreased the intracellular 201Tl+ accumulation by 38% (P = 0.0035). Non-radioactive Tl+ (1.0 mM Tl-acetate in the injectate) inhibited the uptake by 35% (P = 0.0013). Ouabain did not significantly affect the half-time for the Tl+ uptake. An increase in [K+] of the injectate from 0 to 5 mM had no significant effect. Insulin (0.2 units in the injectate) had no effect. It is concluded that the specific Tl(+)-accumulating properties of muscle fibres can be studied with the present in vivo technique, which can provide information about the Na-K-ATPase activity and the membrane potential of muscle fibres.
Single-frequency semiconductor lasers? (1986)

Within the last decade, very significant advances have been made in semiconductor lasers. These advances were direct results of the various specific requirements demanded by optical fiber communications on semiconductor lasers as the light source. In the 1970s, research and development have been concentrated in laser stripe geometries for achieving stable transverse fundamentalmode operation required for efficient and stable coupling into then multimode optical fibers. In the early 1980s, with the advent of low-loss singlemode fiber at 1.57 μm, it became obvious that development of a single-frequency semiconductor laser operating at 1.57 μm would be very important in very high-data-rate long-distance transmission. This fueled the research and development of semiconductor laser schemes for single-longitudinalmode control. Two schemes of major interest are distributed feedback (DFB) and cleaved-coupled-cavity (C3 ). While the wavelength of a DFB laser is fixed at the time of manufacturing by the grating period, that of a C3 laser is electrically tunable. While the side-mode suppression, linewidth, and threshold of a DFB laser depend on the relative position of the end facet with respect to the grating period, those of a C3 laser depend on the gap separation between the two coupled cavities. While the DFB scheme is incorporateable only to certain stripe-geometry laser structures and is technologically feasible for lasers beyond certain lasing wavelengths (due to difficulties in fabricating very short grating periods), the C3 scheme is applicable to all laser structures and wavelengths. Thus the choice depends on the specific applications in mind. Although these lasers were called single-frequency sources, they fell very short of their given name for three major yet unresolved problems.