gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PfRIO-2 Kinase is a Potential Therapeutic Target of Antimalarial Protein Kinase Inhibitors (2013)

Protein kinases (PKs) present in Plasmodium falciparum catalyze phosphorylation reaction to control growth and differentiation of the parasite throughout the life cycle. Protein kinase inhibitors are found to kill the parasite but their cellular target enzymes are not known. Protein kinase inhibitors are evaluated in an in sillico docking studies using plasmodium falciparum RIO-2 kinase (right open reading frame-2 protein kinase) as target enzyme. Most of the protein kinase inhibitors showed appropriate docking within the ATP binding domain of the PfRIO-2 kinase. The initial docking experiments were further validated by a substrate competition experiment to validate the preliminary screening results and test the potentials of these inhibitors under in vivo conditions. Docking and substrate competition study identifies wortmannin, enzastaurin, indirubin-3'-monoxime, apigenin, kaempferol and 8-hydroxy-4-methyl-9-nitro-2H-benzo[g]chromen-2-one as lead inhibitors against native/active form of the PfRIO-2 kinase. The top protein kinase inhibitors bind into the ATP binding site with a similar conformation as ATP. The docking result is in good agreement with the antimalarial schizonticidal IC50 (μg/ml) of an inhibitor and gives a correlation factor (R2) of 0.82 whereas top hit antimalarial inhibitors gives a correlation factor (R2) of 0.99. In summary, our work highlights the importance of PfRIO-2 kinase as a target behind the antimalarial action of protein kinase inhibitors and might help to design a new set of antimalarial remedies.
Securing the Timestamping of Sensor Data from Wearable Healthcare Devices (2015)

An ageing population, coupled with increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, is placing unsustainable demands on current healthcare systems. Home-based medical monitoring, supported by wearable sensors for heart-rate, ECG, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood-oxygen saturation, etc., has the potential to alleviate the growing burden on hospitals. Timestamping data from such sensors accurately is important for correlating and reconstructing events of medical significance, and to increase trust in the context associated with the data. Unfortunately, reliable timestamping is non-trivial, and cannot be left entirely to the sensor device (too resource constrained), the gateway (can be tampered by user), or the datalog server (too far from the medical device). We tackle this problem to make three important contributions: (a) we demonstrate that the threat is real by showing how easy it is to tamper the timestamp on data from medically-approved devices on the market today; (b) we develop a novel solution to assure the reliability of the timestamp via a challenge mechanism whose cost-benefit trade-off can be customized; (c) we evaluate our solution via simulation to quantify the benefit as a function of the cost incurred. Our work presents a step towards increasing trust in the provenance, namely the meta-data, associated with the medical data.
Solid-state nanopores and nanopore arrays optimized for optical detection (2014)

While conventional solid-state nanopore measurements utilize ionic current, there is a growing interest in alternative sensing paradigms, including optical detection. However, a limiting factor in the application of optical schemes in particular is the inherent background fluorescence created by the solid-state membrane itself, which can interfere with the desired signal and place restrictions on the fluorophores that can be employed. An ideal device would incorporate a localized reduction in membrane fluorescence using a method that can be integrated easily with the nanopore fabrication process. Here, we demonstrate that in addition to forming nanopores and nanopore arrays, a focused helium ion beam can be used to reduce the fluorescence of a conventional silicon nitride membrane controllably. The reduction in background produces low-fluorescence devices that can be used for optical detection of double-strand DNA, as well as for conventional resistive pulse sensing. This approach is used to identify the translocation of short single-strand DNA through individual nanopores within an array, creating potential for a massively-parallel detection scheme.
零細事業場 勤勞者 福祉增進 方案 (1996)

經濟成長 過程에서 社會脆弱階層들의 다양한 복지욕구가 분출되고 있으며 成長의 主役인 근로자들은 `삶의 질`에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 특히 零細事業場의 대다수 근로자들은 성장의 혜택에서 疏外되어, 상대적으로 불만이 높은 것으로 평가되고 있다.
本稿에서는 零細事業場을 대상으로 勤勞者福祉의 현주소와 問題點을 진단하여, 근로자 복지부문에 대한 認識轉換과 더불어 勤勞者 福祉가 國家 競爭力 强化의 純機能을 담당할 수 있도록 福祉增進 方案을 모색하는데 그 目的을 두고 있다.
근로자들의 진정한 福祉增進은 그들의 정당한 요구에 귀를 기울 이는 데에서 출발하여야 한다. 첫째, 영세사업장 근로자들도 인간다운 삶을 실현할 수 있도록 最低限의 勤勞條件을 보장해 주어야 하며, 둘째, 社會保險制度는 모든 근로자에게 擴大適用하여야 한다. 셋째, 共同型 勤勞福祉制度를 도입하여 이들의 福祉欲求를 단계적으로 충족시켜 주는 방식이 바람직하며, 國家的 次元의 財源確保와 支援體系의 强化努力이 있어야 한다. 이는 零細事業場 勤勞者들의 相對的 疏外感을 緩和하고 生活의 質을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라, 生産性 향상에도 도움을 주어 우리 사회 전체의 福祉增進과도 直結 될 수 있을 것이다.
The First Regiospecific Synthesis of 8,8-Dimethyl-2H,8H-pyrano[2,3-h]quinolin-2-one and Related Compounds (1997)

The title compound was synthesized in eight steps, starting from 6-acetamindo-2,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one (6). The key steps involved are the regiospecific nitration of 6 and palladium(0)-catalyzed arylation of acrylic acid in aqueous media.
Coherent neutrino scattering in dark matter detectors (2011)

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus and weakly interacting massive particle-nucleus interaction signatures are expected to be quite similar. This paper discusses how a next-generation ton-scale dark matter detector could discover neutrino-nucleus coherent scattering, a precisely-predicted standard model process. A high-intensity pion- and muon- decay-at-rest neutrino source recently proposed for oscillation physics at underground laboratories would provide the neutrinos for these measurements. In this paper, we calculate raw rates for various target materials commonly used in dark matter detectors and show that discovery of this interaction is possible with a $2\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{ton}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\mathrm{year}$ GEODM exposure in an optimistic energy threshold and efficiency scenario. We also study the effects of the neutrino source on weakly interacting massive particle sensitivity and discuss the modulated neutrino signal as a sensitivity/consistency check between different dark matter experiments at the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory. Furthermore, we consider the possibility of coherent neutrino physics with a GEODM module placed within tens of meters of the neutrino source.
Playing with Texts: Classroom Practices for Enriching Young Readers' Engagement with Texts (2005)

This paper explores ways in which teachers may build bridges across children's home, community and school texts. It does so by looking at how children's texts form networks of relationships inside and beyond the text. These relationships significantly shape ways in which a reader interacts with the text in hand, other texts that the text-in- hand calls up, and other texts that the reader brings to bear. Further, these relationships provide teachers with valuable means for bridging children's home, school and community texts and literacy experiences. In exploring these relationships, implications for young readers and for classroom practices are described.
Enhanced CD8+ T Cell Immune Responses and Protection Elicited against <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> Malaria by Prime Boost Immunization Regimens Using a Novel Attenuated Fowlpox Virus (2004)

Sterile immunity can be provided against the pre-erythrocytic stages of malaria by IFN-gamma-secreting CD8(+) T cells that recognize parasite-infected hepatocytes. In this study, we have investigated the use of attenuated fowlpox virus (FPV) strains as recombinant vaccine vectors for eliciting CD8(+) T cells against Plasmodium berghei. The gene encoding the P. berghei circumsporozoite (PbCS) protein was inserted into an FPV vaccine strain licensed for use in chickens, Webster's FPV, and the novel FPV vaccine strain FP9 by homologous recombination. The novel FP9 strain proved more potent as a vaccine for eliciting CD8(+) T cell responses against the PbCS Ag. Sequential immunization with rFP9 and recombinant modified vaccinia virus Anakara (MVA) encoding the PbCS protein, administered by clinically acceptable routes, elicited potent CD8(+) T cell responses against the PbCS protein. This immunization regimen elicited substantial protection against a stringent liver-stage challenge with P. berghei and was more immunogenic and protective than DNA/MVA prime/boost immunization. However, further improvement was not achieved by sequential (triple) immunization with a DNA vaccine, FP9, and MVA.
Bitumen and heavy oil upgrading in Canada (1988)

A review is presented of the heavy oil upgrading industry in Canada. Up to now it has been based on the processing of bitumen extracted from oil sands mining operations at two sites, to produce a residue-free, low sulfur, synthetic crude. Carbon rejection has been the prime process technology with delayed coking being used by Suncor and FLUID COKING at Syncrude. Alternative processes for recovering greater amounts of synthetic crude are examined. These include a variety of hydrogen addition processes and combinations which produce pipelineable materials requiring further processing in downstream refineries with expanded capabilities. The Newgrade Energy Inc. upgrader, now under construction in Regina, will use fixed-bed, catalytic, atmospheric-residue, hydrogen processing. Two additional products, also based on hydrogenation, will use ebullated bed catalyst systems: the expansion of Syncrude, now underway, is using the LC Fining Process whereas the announced Husky Bi-Provincial upgrader is based on H-Oil.
Crystal Structures. Supplement III by R. W. G. Wyckoff (1958)

information on the types of machines available should be collected and distributed; crystallographic programs should be appraised, reported, and their distribution arranged; inputs and outputs of programs should be standaxized.
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (1981)

To learn more about the treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis with vidarabine, we conducted an uncontrolled study of 132 patients referred to 22 hospitals because of suspected disease. All had a brain biopsy and were started on vidarabine, but only 75 were diagnosed by isolation of virus from a brain-biopsy specimen. Cumulative mortality in the latter group was 39 per cent at one year. Other than therapy, levels of consciousness and age were the major variables that influenced outcome. Of 23 patients under 30 years of age who were lethargic at the initiation of therapy, two died and 16 returned to normal. Of 26 patients over 30 years of age who were lethargic at the outset, nine died and 10 returned to normal. Semicoma and coma were associated with worse outcomes, especially in older patients. Our data suggest that outcome is improved with treatment; they provide more support for the use of brain biopsy to diagnose the infection and indicate a need for better therapy.
Microsatellite Polymorphism in Natural Populations of the Wild Plant <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (1997)

Variation in repeat number at 20 microsatellite loci of Arabidopsis thaliana was studied in a worldwide sample of 42 ecotypes to investigate the pattern and level of polymorphism in repetitive sequences in natural plant populations. There is a substantial amount of variation at microsatellite loci despite the selfing nature of this plant species. The average gene diversity was 0.794 and the average number of alleles per locus was 10.6. The distribution of alleles was centered around the mean of repeat number at most loci, but could not be regarded as normal. There was a significantly positive correlation between the number of repeats and the amount of variation. For most loci, the observed number of alleles was between the expected values of the infinite allele and stepwise mutation models. The two models were rejected by the sign test. Linkage disequilibrium was detected in 12.1% of the pairwise comparisons between loci. In phylogenetic tree, there was no association between ecotype and geographic origin. This result is consistent with the recent expansion of A. thaliana throughout the world.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactive Ion Etching of 6H‐SiC in SF6/O2 and CF4/O2 with N2 Additive for Device Fabrication. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and environmental factors (2016)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that affects central and peripheral motor neuron cells. Its etiology is unknown, although a relationship between genetic background and environmental factors may play a major role in triggering the neurodegeneration. In this review, we analyze the role of environmental factors in ALS: heavy metals, electromagnetic fields and electric shocks, pesticides, β-N-methylamino-L-alanine, physical activity and the controversial role of sports. The literature on the single issues is analyzed in an attempt to clarify, as clearly as possible, whether each risk factor significantly contributes to the disease pathogenesis. After summarizing conflicting observations and data, the authors provide a final synthetic statement.
Liquid crystal on silicon microdisplays (2005)

We review the recent progress made in the field of liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) reflective microdisplays. In particular, we report the new technology of micro-color filters on LCOS, which enables the generation of high quality pictures in direct view and in projection without complicated external optics.
Recombinant Cry1Ia protein is highly toxic to cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis Boheman) and fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (2008)

The results indicate that the cry1Ia is a good candidate for the construction of transgenic plants resistant to these important cotton pests.
Life and Death of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficient Erythrocytes Role of Redox Stress and Band 3 Modifications (2012)

G6PD catalyzes the first, pace-making reaction of pentosephosphate cycle (PPC) which produces NADPH. NADPH maintains glutathione and thiol groups of proteins and enzymes in the reduced state which is essential for protection against oxidative stress. Individuals affected by G6PD deficiency are unable to regenerate reduced glutathione (GSH) and are undefended against oxidative stress. G6PD deficiency accelerates normal senescence and enhances the precocious removal of chronologically young, yet biologically old cells. The term hemolytic anemia is misleading because RBCs do not lyse but are removed by phagocytosis. Acute hemolysis by fava bean ingestion in G6PD deficient individuals (favism) is described being the best-studied natural model of oxidant damage. It bears strong analogies to hemolysis by oxidant drugs or chemicals. Membrane alterations observed in vivo during favism are superimposable to changes in senescent RBCs. In summary, RBC membranes isolated from favic patients contained elevated amounts of complexes between IgG and the complement fragment C3b/C3c and were prone to vesiculation. Anti-band 3 IgG reacted to aggregated band 3-complement complexes. In favism extensive clustering of band 3 and membrane deposition of hemichromes were also observed. Severely damaged RBCs isolated from early crises had extensive membrane cross-bonding and very low GSH levels and were phagocytosed 10-fold more intensely compared to normal RBCs.
Detailed Genomic Analysis of the Wβ and γ Phages Infecting<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>: Implications for Evolution of Environmental Fitness and Antibiotic Resistance (2006)

Phage-mediated lysis has been an essential laboratory tool for rapidly identifying Bacillus anthracis for more than 40 years, relying on the gamma phage derivative of a Bacillus cereus prophage called W. The complete genomic sequences of the temperate W phage, referred to as Wbeta, and its lytic variant gamma were determined and found to encode 53 open reading frames each, spanning 40,864 bp and 37,373 bp, respectively. Direct comparison of the genomes showed that gamma evolved through mutations at key loci controlling host recognition, lysogenic growth, and possibly host phenotypic modification. Included are a cluster of point mutations at the gp14 tail fiber locus of gamma, encoding a protein that, when fused to green fluorescent protein, binds specifically to B. anthracis. A large 2,003-bp deletion was also identified at the gamma lysogeny module, explaining its shift from a temperate to a lytic lifestyle. Finally, evidence of recombination was observed at a dicistronic Wbeta locus, encoding putative bacterial cell surface-modifying proteins, replaced in gamma with a locus, likely obtained from a B. anthracis prophage, encoding demonstrable fosfomycin resistance. Reverse transcriptase PCR analysis confirmed strong induction at the dicistronic Wbeta locus and at four other phage loci in B. anthracis and/or B. cereus lysogens. In all, this study represents the first genomic and functional description of two historically important phages and is part of a broader investigation into contributions of phage to the B. anthracis life cycle. Initial findings suggest that lysogeny of B. anthracis promotes ecological adaptation, rather than virulence, as with other gram-positive pathogens.
A pascal compiler for ICL 1900 series computers (1972)

Abstract The transport of a PASCAL compiler from a CDC 6000 series computer to an ICL 1900 series computer is reported, with some comments on the method used.
Characterization of L-glutamic acid transport by glioma cells in culture: evidence for sodium-independent, chloride-dependent high affinity influx (1984)

The transport of radiolabeled L-glutamic acid by LRM55 glioma cells in culture was examined. Time course studies indicated that L-[3H]glutamic acid is rapidly accumulated, and then 3H is lost from the cell, presumably in the form of glutamate metabolites. Kinetic analysis of L-glutamate uptake provided evidence for two components of transport. A low affinity component was found to persist at 0 to 4 degrees C and was not saturable, influx being proportional to the substrate concentration. A high affinity component, resolved by subtraction of the influx at 0 to 4 degrees C, followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics having a Km of 123 microM and a Vmax of 2.99 nmol/min/mg of protein. The transport system was highly substrate-specific: At least 27-fold larger concentrations of the most potent analogues--cysteic acid, cysteine sulfinic acid, and L-aspartic acid--were required to compete effectively with glutamate. Second, the system was not severely affected by exposure to inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation or gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. Third, only 65% of the high affinity uptake was dependent upon the presence of sodium, the other 35% being dependent upon chloride. These observations were supported by the findings that uptake was only partially inhibited by ouabain and quite effectively reduced by several inhibitors of chloride transport. The results of this study provide information on the properties of low affinity glutamate transport, as well as the first description of sodium-independent, chloride-dependent high affinity glial transport. The high affinity component of influx is stimulated by elevated potassium and inhibited by several pharmacological agents. The sodium independence of a significant proportion of high affinity glutamate transport suggests that glutamate binding studies done in sodium-free medium with intact cells may be confounded by a considerable amount of intracellular uptake.
Adaptive Stochastic Gradient Descent Optimisation for Image Registration (2008)

We present a stochastic gradient descent optimisation method for image registration with adaptive step size prediction. The method is based on the theoretical work by Plakhov and Cruz (J. Math. Sci. 120(1):964–973, 2004). Our main methodological contribution is the derivation of an image-driven mechanism to select proper values for the most important free parameters of the method. The selection mechanism employs general characteristics of the cost functions that commonly occur in intensity-based image registration. Also, the theoretical convergence conditions of the optimisation method are taken into account. The proposed adaptive stochastic gradient descent (ASGD) method is compared to a standard, non-adaptive Robbins-Monro (RM) algorithm. Both ASGD and RM employ a stochastic subsampling technique to accelerate the optimisation process. Registration experiments were performed on 3D CT and MR data of the head, lungs, and prostate, using various similarity measures and transformation models. The results indicate that ASGD is robust to these variations in the registration framework and is less sensitive to the settings of the user-defined parameters than RM. The main disadvantage of RM is the need for a predetermined step size function. The ASGD method provides a solution for that issue.
Biological Activity of Some Magnesium(II) Complexes of Quinolones (2000)

A new magnesium complex of quinolone antibacterial agent was prepared. This new complex as well as a previously isolated complex of magnesium with ciprofloxacin were tested against various Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated using the agar diffusion test. The results have shown that all magnesium complexes are significantly less active than the parent quinolone drugs. It was also found that the activity of quinolones is reduced when the solutions of quinolones are titrated with magnesium ions.
Early human safety study of turmeric oil (Curcuma longa oil) administered orally in healthy volunteers. (2003)

In view of the potential for reversing oral submucous fibrosis, a precancerous condition for oral cancer, TO, can be recommended directly for a Phase II trial in patients.
Structural Symmetry and Model Checking (1998)

A fully automatic framework is presented for identifying symmetries in structural descriptions of digital circuits and CTL* formulas and using them in a model checker. The set of sub-formulas of a formula is partitioned into equivalence classes so that truth values for only one sub-formula in any class need be evaluated for model checking. Structural symmetries in net-list descriptions of digital circuits and CTL* formulas are formally defined and their relationship with the corresponding Kripke structures is described. A technique for automatic identification of structural symmetries is described that requires computation of the automorphism group of a suitable labeled directed graph. A novel fast algorithm for this problem is presented. Finally, experimental results are reported for BLIF-MV net-lists derived from Verilog.