gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spin valve heads with a corrosion resistant MnRh exchange layer (1998)

A new exchange material, Mn/sub 78/Rh/sub 22/, is described, requiring no post-deposition anneal to obtain the antiferromagnetic phase and leading to spin valve sensors with good corrosion resistance, thermal stability up to 225/spl deg/C, and good exchange coupling characteristics. Potentiodynamic polarization scans performed in a sodium sulfate electrolyte show that Mn/sub 78/Rh/sub 22/ films exhibit a good corrosion resistance, comparable to that of Ni/sub 81/Fe/sub 19/, Mn/sub 80/Ir/sub 20/, and Mn/sub 50/Ni/sub 50/ films but with higher corrosion potential. Spin valve structures prepared with this exchange material show an exchange coupling strength (J/sub ex/) of 0.19 erg/cm/sup 2/. The blocking temperature (T/sub B/) of the as-deposited spin valve coupon samples is 235/spl deg/C. Unshielded sensors with trackwidths W=4-6 /spl mu/m and height h=1-2 /spl mu/m were fabricated. The sensors show well-linearized magnetoresistance (MR) transfer curves, without hysteresis or Barkhausen noise and are thermally stable under consecutive 5 h anneals in vacuum up to 225/spl deg/C. A shielded tape head device was fabricated showing a maximum output of 1.8 mV/sub pp///spl mu/m, with potential for operating at linear densities near 100 kfci, at which a 580 /spl mu/V/sub pp///spl mu/m output is measured.
Measurements of Effective Refractive Index of SOI Waveguides using Interferometers (2015)

We demonstrate an accurate method of measuring the effective refractive index of SOI waveguides in the C-band using three Mach-Zehnder Interferometers. Over wafer the average extraction error of effective index and group index is 0.003 and 0.004.
Review of fiber-optic pressure sensors for biomedical and biomechanical applications (2013)

As optical fibers revolutionize the way data is carried in telecommunications, the same is happening in the world of sensing. Fiber-optic sensors (FOS) rely on the principle of changing the properties of light that propagate in the fiber due to the effect of a specific physical or chemical parameter. We demonstrate the potentialities of this sensing concept to assess pressure in biomedical and biomechanical applications. FOSs are introduced after an overview of conventional sensors that are being used in the field. Pointing out their limitations, particularly as minimally invasive sensors, is also the starting point to argue FOSs are an alternative or a substitution technology. Even so, this technology will be more or less effective depending on the efforts to present more affordable turnkey solutions and peer-reviewed papers reporting in vivo experiments and clinical trials.
Jenny Watson: Here, there and everywhere (2012)

As someone who keeps hopping cities, states and (most recently) countries myself, I can identify with the 'home and away' theme of the survey exhibition, Jenny Watson: Here, there and everywhere, shown earlier this year at Melbourne's Ian Potter Museum of Art. It's been a while since I've seen a show of work by Jenny Watson. These days, she shows more frequently abroad than in Australia, although retaining a home base here. Addressing this neglect, and something of both its cause and effect, the positioning of this exhibition, curated by 'the Potter's Director, Chris McAuliffe, went some way to address the tall poppy experience by providing a rationale and a more experiential aside to the provincialism problem, and of what still passes as a significant geographical disadvantage in the proximity to most major art centres and markets.
The Graphic Interpretation of the Co-occurrence Network Diagram in a Different Writing Style (2013)

本稿では，近年，自由記述分析において用いられるようになったテキストマイニングにおいて，語と語のつながり関係や出現パターンの類似度に着目し描画された共起ネットワーク図の図的特徴を把握し，様々な文体の傾向を分析した．その結果，論文（建築計画），説明書は他の文体に比べ，リンク数，コミュニティ数，固定図形数などの評価項目の平均値において高い値をとっており，共起する語句が多く，それらが複雑に絡み合った文章であること，小説やエッセイは2回以上出現している語句が少なく，共起語句も少ないことから場面展開の多い文体であること，ブログ記事も多くの項目でこれらと類似しているものの，コミュニティ数ではニュース欄と類似しており，固定図形数の割合は説明書や社説欄よりも高いことから，文章中の話題（論点）の纏まりは少ないが3語以上の繋がりが多い文章であること，社説欄とニュース欄は，多くの項目において類似の傾向を示していることなどを示した．
MEN'S AND WOMEN'S BELIEFS ABOUT GENDER AND SEXUALITY (1996)

Feminist scholarship highlighting the importance of sexuality suggests the utility of studying beliefs about gender and sexuality, but the public opinion literature on gender-related attitudes has paid almost no attention to this issue. This research report addresses U.S. men's and women's beliefs about several aspects of sexuality: gender differences in sexual drives, gender inequalities in sexual power, and sexual orientation. The results suggest that men and women tend to share similar beliefs about sexual drives and sexual orientation but disagree notably on issues of sexual power. In addition, naturalization of sexuality is associated with greater acceptance of the sexual status quo, suggesting that naturalizing beliefs play a role in maintaining sexual inequality.
Improved UAV Detection with the MIMO Radar MIRA-CLE Ka using Range-Velocity Processing and TDMA Correction Algorithms (2018)

We present the improvements of UAV detection by using range-velocity processing instead of range-Doppler processing to perform longer coherent processing intervals (CPI). This increases the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the ability to improve the classification by adding a micro-Doppler analysis even if the target moves along several range cells over the recording time. Furthermore an approach is presented for the correction of the time division multiplexing access (TDMA), which is used for the synthesis of the virtual MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) array, resulting in a misplaced target localization or grating lobes.
Enantioselective bacterial biotransformation routes to cis-diol metabolites of monosubstituted benzenes, naphthalene and benzocycloalkenes of either absolute configuration (1995)

Enzyme-catalysed kinetic resolution and asymmetric dihydroxylation routes to enantiopure cis-diol metabolites of arenes and benzocycloalkenes of either absolute configuration have been developed using appropriate strains of the bacterium Pseudomonas putida.
Low-Contamination Fabric Tapes for Disk Polishing, Texturing, and Buffing (1997)

Fabric tapes are used in many areas of magnetic media (thin-film disk) preparation in the data storage industry: polishing, texturing, and lube buffing. Tapes are more commonly used than pads for such applications, partly because the continuous supply of new tape during operation provides improved uniformity in comparison to the inherent discontinuities involved in pad conditioning/use/conditioning/use. (Simple modeling shows tapes tend to produce more uniform material removal than pads, although this is not universally true.) An important quality issue (in addition to reproducibility, uniformity, and planarity) is contamination control. Contamination by particles will be even more important as slider flying heights are reduced. Molecular contaminants are also important because some species can lead to the loss of lubricant on areas of the disk. Ionic species adsorb water preferentially from the air and thus can accelerate corrosion. Steps taken to minimize fabric contamination include careful selection of starting materials, control of the processing environment and processing variables, and cleaning the fabrics before they are made into tapes. New tape materials are likely to give new operating options, as well as new quality control problems, and some of these are discussed.
Alcohol: (1990)

This chapter examines positive and negative reinforcement mechanisms which play a significant role in alcohol abuse and alcoholism. Consideration is given to the role of euphoria and anxiolytic effects of alcohol as the basis of positive reinforcement, and physical dependence and aversive consequence of drinking as the basis of negative reinforcement. The motivational significance of each of these is discussed with respect to various animal models of addiction and clinical and human research. Brain neurochemistry, neuropharmacology and genetic research data are evaluated from the perspective of reinforcement mechanisms involved with alcohol addiction.
End-to-End Argumentation Mining in Student Essays (2016)

Understanding the argumentative structure of a persuasive essay involves addressing two challenging tasks: identifying the components of the essay's argument and identifying the relations that occur between them. We examine the under-investigated task of end-toend argument mining in persuasive student essays, where we (1) present the first results on end-to-end argument mining in student essays using a pipeline approach; (2) address error propagation inherent in the pipeline approach by performing joint inference over the outputs of the tasks in an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) framework; and (3) propose a novel objective function that enables F-score to be maximized directly by an ILP solver. We evaluate our joint-inference approach with our novel objective function on a publiclyavailable corpus of 90 essays, where it yields an 18.5% relative error reduction in F-score over the pipeline system.
CodeX: Bit-Flexible Encoding for Streaming-based FPGA Acceleration of DNNs (2019)

This paper proposes CodeX, an end-to-end framework that facilitates encoding, bitwidth customization, fine-tuning, and implementation of neural networks on FPGA platforms. CodeX incorporates nonlinear encoding to the computation flow of neural networks to save memory. The encoded features demand significantly lower storage compared to the raw full-precision activation values; therefore, the execution flow of CodeX hardware engine is completely performed within the FPGA using on-chip streaming buffers with no access to the off-chip DRAM. We further propose a fully-automated algorithm inspired by reinforcement learning which determines the customized encoding bitwidth across network layers. CodeX full-stack framework comprises of a compiler which takes a high-level Python description of an arbitrary neural network architecture. The compiler then instantiates the corresponding elements from CodeX Hardware library for FPGA implementation. Proof-of-concept evaluations on MNIST, SVHN, and CIFAR-10 datasets demonstrate an average of 4.65x throughput improvement compared to stand-alone weight encoding. We further compare CodeX with six existing full-precision DNN accelerators on ImageNet, showing an average of 3.6x and 2.54x improvement in throughput and performance-per-watt, respectively.
Automatic compilation of loops to exploit operator parallelism on configurable arithmetic logic units (2002)

Configurable arithmetic logic units (ALUs) offer opportunities for adapting the underlying hardware to support the varying amount of parallelism in the computation. The problem of identifying the optimal parallel configurations (a configuration is defined as a given hardware implementation of different operators along with their multiplicities) at different steps in a program is a very complex issue but, if solved, allows the power of these ALUs to be maximally used. This paper focuses on developing an automatic compilation framework for configuration analysis to exploit operator parallelism within loop nests. The focus of this work is on performing configuration analysis to minimize costly reconfiguration overheads. In our framework, we initially carry out some operator and loop transformations to expose more opportunities for configuration reuse. We then present a two pass solution. The first pass attempts to generate either maximal cutsets (a cutset is defined as a group of statements that execute under a given configuration) or maximally parallel configurations by performing an analysis on the program dependency graph (PDG) of a loop nest. The second pass analyzes the trade-offs between the costs and benefits of reconfigurations across different cutsets and attempts to eliminate the reconfiguration overheads by merging cutsets. This methodology is implemented in the SUIF compilation system and is tested using some loops extracted from Perfect benchmarks and Livermore kernels. Good speedups are obtained, showing the merit of the proposed method. The method also scales well with the loop sizes and the amount of space available on FPGAs for configurable logic.
Liquidity-Based Competition for Order Flow (2003)

We present a microstructure model of competition for order flow between exchanges based on liquidity provision. We find that neither a pure limit order market (PLM) nor a hybrid specialist/limit order market (HM) structure is competition-proof. A PLM can always be supported in equilibrium as the dominant market (i.e., where the hybrid limit book is empty), but an HM can also be supported, for some market parameterizations, as the dominant market. We also show the possible coexistence of competing markets. Order preferencing—that is, decisions about where orders are routed when investors are indifferent—is a key determinant of market viability. Welfare comparisons show that competition between exchanges can increase as well as reduce the cost of liquidity.
Testosterone metabolism by the rat gastrointestinal tract, in vitro and in vivo. (1982)

We have shown previously that the capacity of the jejunal mucosa to oxidise testosterone to the weaker androgen, androstenedione, by the enzyme 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD), is considerable. The present study extends these earlier observations by measuring 17 beta-HSD activity in different regions of the gastrointestinal tract, by investigating the potential for testosterone metabolism by slices and everted sacs of rat jejunum, and estimating the contribution of intestinal testosterone metabolites to circulating levels of plasma androgens, by portal vein sampling in the rat, in vivo. 17 beta-HSD activity in homogenates of gastric and duodenal mucosa was significantly higher than that in jejunum, and was also present in ileum and colon. In addition to androstenedione, slices and everted sacs of rat jejunum produced various metabolites, one of which was probably dihydrotestosterone. It was not, however, a major metabolite in vivo. It is suggested that 5 alpha-reduction may be favoured in vitro by a lower oxidation-reduction potential resulting from tissue anoxia. The major portal vein metabolite was androstenedione, the same major metabolite produced by mucosal homogenates. We conclude that oxidation of testosterone is the major metabolic pathway in intestinal mucosa and the capacity of the gastrointestinal tract to reduce the potency of testosterone is considerable. Our findings suggest that the gut, rather than the liver, is responsible for the failure of oral testosterone to provide effective androgen replacement therapy. The qualitative difference in testosterone metabolism between in vitro and in vivo preparations emphasises the need for caution in the interpretation of similar in vitro experiments.
<title>Video summarization and personalization for pervasive mobile devices</title> (2001)

We have designed and implemented a video semantic summarization system, which includes an MPEG-7 compliant annotation interface, a semantic summarization middleware, a real-time MPEG-1/2 video transcoder on PCs, and an application interface on color/black-and-white Palm-OS PDAs. We designed a video annotation tool, VideoAnn, to annotate semantic labels associated with video shots. Videos are first segmentated into shots based on their visual-audio characteristics. They are played back using an interactive interface, which facilitate and fasten the annotation process. Users can annotate the video content with the units of temporal shots or spatial regions. The annotated results are stored in the MPEG-7 XML format. We also designed and implemented a video transmission system, Universal Tuner, for wireless video streaming. This system transcodes MPEG-1/2 videos or live TV broadcasting videos to the BW or indexed color Palm OS devices. In our system, the complexity of multimedia compression and decompression algorithms is adaptively partitioned between the encoder and decoder. In the client end, users can access the summarized video based on their preferences, time, keywords, as well as the transmission bandwidth and the remaining battery power on the pervasive devices.
Evidence for association of schizophrenia with genetic variation in the 8p21.3 gene,<i>PPP3CC</i>, encoding the calcineurin gamma subunit (2003)

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by a complex mode of inheritance. Forebrain-specific CNB knockout mice display a spectrum of behavioral abnormalities related to altered behaviors observed in schizophrenia patients. To examine whether calcineurin dysfunction is involved in schizophrenia etiology, we undertook studies of an initial subset of calcineurin-related genes, prioritizing ones that map to loci previously implicated in schizophrenia by linkage studies. Transmission disequilibrium studies in a large sample of affected families detected association of the PPP3CC gene, which encodes the calcineurin gamma catalytic subunit, with disease. Our results identify PPP3CC, located at 8p21.3, as a potential schizophrenia susceptibility gene and support the proposal that alterations in calcineurin signaling contribute to schizophrenia pathogenesis.
Synthesis and Structures of 1,3,5,7-Tetraazaheptatrienylsodium and -thallium(I) (2000)

Highly stable multinuclear metal complexes with planar [{Me(3)SiNC(H)N}(2)CH](-) ligands are obtained from MN(SiMe(3))(2) (M=Na, Tl) and 1,3,5-triazine (structure for Tl shown in the picture). These complexes display unusual structural features such as a pseudo-C(3) symmetry (Na complex).
Staling of Bread: Role of Amylose and Amylopectin and Influence of Starch‐Degrading Enzymes (2003)

ABSTRACT The present investigation aims at understanding the mechanism of bread firming during staling. Changes in the starch fraction due to the addition of amylases and their influence on the texture of bread crumb were studied during aging and after rebaking of stale bread. Pan bread was prepared by a conventional baking procedure. The influence of three different starch‐degrading enzymes, a conventional α‐amylase, a maltogenic α‐amylase, and a β‐amylase were investigated. The mechanical properties of bread were followed by uniaxial compression measurements. The microstructure was investigated by light microscopy, and starch transformations were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide‐angle X‐ray powder diffraction. Firming of bread crumb and crystallization of starch are not necessarily in agreement in systems with added amylases. Reorganization of both starch fractions, amylopectin and amylose, and the increase of starch network rigidity due to increase of polymer order are important during aging. Starch‐degrading enzymes act by decreasing the structural strength of the starch phase; for instance, by preventing the recrystallization of amylopectin or by reducing the connectivity between crystalline starch phases. On the other hand, starch‐degrading enzymes may also promote the formation of a partly crystalline amylose network and, by this, contribute to a kinetic stabilization of the starch network. Based on the results, a model for bread staling is proposed, taking into account the biphasic nature of starch and the changes in both the amylose and amylopectin fraction.
Overgeneration from Solar Energy in California. A Field Guide to the Duck Chart (2015)

In 2013, the California Independent System Operator published the 'duck chart,' which shows a significant drop in mid-day net load on a spring day as solar photovoltaics (PV) are added to the system. The chart raises concerns that the conventional power system will be unable to accommodate the ramp rate and range needed to fully utilize solar energy, particularly on days characterized by the duck shape. This could result in 'overgeneration' and curtailed renewable energy, increasing its costs and reducing its environmental benefits. This paper explores the duck chart in detail, examining how much PV might need to be curtailed if additional grid flexibility measures are not taken, and how curtailment rates can be decreased by changing grid operational practices. It finds that under "business-as-usual"" types of assumptions and corresponding levels of grid flexibility in California, solar penetrations as low as 20% of annual energy could lead to marginal curtailment rates that exceed 30%. However, by allowing (or requiring) distributed PV and storage (including new installations that are part of the California storage mandate) to provide grid services, system flexibility could be greatly enhanced. Doing so could significantly reduce curtailment and allow much greater penetration of variable generation resources. Overall, the work described in this paper points to the need to fully integrate distributed resources into grid system planning and operations to allow maximum use of the solar resource.
<i> <scp>AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR</scp> 3 </i> integrates the functions of <i> <scp>AGAMOUS</scp> </i> and <i> <scp>APETALA</scp> 2 </i> in floral meristem determinacy (2014)

In Arabidopsis, AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 3 (ARF3) belongs to the auxin response factor (ARF) family that regulates the expression of auxin-responsive genes. ARF3 is known to function in leaf polarity specification and gynoecium patterning. In this study, we discovered a previously unknown role for ARF3 in floral meristem (FM) determinacy through the isolation and characterization of a mutant of ARF3 that enhanced the FM determinacy defects of agamous (ag)-10, a weak ag allele. Central players in FM determinacy include WUSCHEL (WUS), a gene critical for FM maintenance, and AG and APETALA2 (AP2), which regulate FM determinacy by repression and promotion of WUS expression, respectively. We showed that ARF3 confers FM determinacy through repression of WUS expression, and associates with the WUS locus in part in an AG-dependent manner. We demonstrated that ARF3 is a direct target of AP2 and partially mediates AP2's function in FM determinacy. ARF3 exhibits dynamic and complex expression patterns in floral organ primordia; altering the patterns spatially compromised FM determinacy. This study uncovered a role for ARF3 in FM determinacy and revealed relationships among genes in the genetic network governing FM determinacy.
Development of an allele-specific minimal residual disease assay for patients with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (2007)

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia is an aggressive and frequently lethal myeloproliferative disorder of childhood. Somatic mutations in NRAS, KRAS, or PTPN11 occur in 60% of cases. Monitoring disease status is difficult because of the lack of characteristic leukemic blasts at diagnosis. We designed a fluorescently based, allele-specific polymerase chain reaction assay called TaqMAMA to detect the most common RAS or PTPN11 mutations. We analyzed peripheral blood and/or bone marrow of 25 patients for levels of mutant alleles over time. Analysis of pre-hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, samples revealed a broad distribution of the quantity of the mutant alleles. After hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, the level of the mutant allele rose rapidly in patients who relapsed and correlated well with falling donor chimerism. Simultaneously analyzed peripheral blood and bone marrow samples demonstrate that blood can be monitored for residual disease. Importantly, these assays provide a sensitive strategy to evaluate molecular responses to new therapeutic strategies.
Target enrichment using parallel nanoliter quantitative PCR amplification (2014)

Here we present our custom developed quantitative PCR based target enrichment platform. Using highly parallel nanoliter singleplex PCR reactions makes this a flexible and efficient platform. The high mutation validation rate shows this platform's promise as a targeted resequencing method for multi-gene routine sequencing diagnostics.
Pt–Pb alloy nanoparticle/carbon nanotube nanocomposite: a strong electrocatalyst for glucose oxidation (2006)

10.1088/0957-4484/17/9/043