gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Demethylation of a MoMuLV Retroviral Vector Expressing the Herpes Simplex Thymidine Kinase Suicide Gene by 5′ Azacytidine (2000)

We constructed a functional MoMuLV-based bicistronic retroviral vector encoding the herpes simplex virus type I thymidine kinase gene, which induces sensitivity to the prodrug ganciclovir (gcv), and the reporter beta-galactosidase gene (MFG-tk-IRES-lacZ). The U937 histiocytic cell line was transduced with this vector, and a clone (VB71) with high-level transgene expression was selected. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were injected with VB71 cells to evaluate the role of long terminal repeat methylation in transgene silencing in vivo and to see whether 5-azacytidine (5' aza-C) demethylating agent prevented it. We found 5' aza-C maintained gene expression at high level in vitro. In vivo, time to tumor onset was significantly longer in SCID mice receiving the VB71 cells, 5' aza-C, and gcv compared with animals treated with either 5' aza-C or gcv alone. The number of injected tumor cells influences tumor onset time and the efficacy of 5' aza-C and gcv treatment. The standard gcv treatment schedule (10 mg/kg from d + 1 until the onset of tumor) controlled tumor onset better than short-term treatment with high doses. In conclusion, the results extend our previous findings that transgene methylation in vivo may be prevented with an appropriate schedule of 5' aza-C and gcv.
Modeling of the nonlinear distortion in electrodynamic loudspeakers caused by the voice-coil inductance (2010)

National audience
Conformational snapshots of Tec kinases during signaling (2009)

The control of cellular signaling cascades is of utmost importance in regulating the immune response. Exquisitely precise protein-protein interactions and chemical modification of substrates by enzymatic catalysis are the fundamental components of the signals that alert immune cells to the presence of a foreign antigen. In particular, the phosphorylation events induced by protein kinase activity must be spatially and temporally regulated by specific interactions to maintain a normal and effective immune response. High resolution structures of many protein kinases along with supporting biochemical data are providing significant insight into the intricate regulatory mechanisms responsible for controlling cellular signaling. The Tec family kinases are immunologically important kinases for which regulatory details are beginning to emerge. This review focuses on bringing together structural insights gained over the years to develop an understanding of how domain interactions both within the Tec kinases and between the Tec kinases and other signaling molecules control immune cell function.
Identity Authentication Based on the Dynamic Time Series Analysis of Electrocardiogram (2014)

This paper discusses a way to protect information security of E-health using a novel biometrics authentication method based on ECG(Electrocardiogram) signal, which is a kind of biological information with the features of random, uniqueness and difficult to be duplicated and forged, and is may be utilizedas biological identity authentication. We propose a fast fusion recognition method, PLR-DTW, for ECG identity recognition based on the dynamic time series analysis, and experiment results show that it is well performed and achieves a higher recognition rate.
Administrative Problems of Government Seizure in Labor Disputes (1951)

H ow should the government cope with strikes in essential industries? Should the government allow the strike to run its course so that it may fulfill its function in the process of collective bargaining? In the emergency period prior to World War II, during the war, and in the postwar reconstruction period, the federal government under constitutional or statutory authority seized nearly sixty industrial plants or facilities because labor disputes interrupted or threatened to interrupt continuity of operation. Several states have also in peacetime seized public utilities where a strike might cripple the community by depriving it of services vital to public health and welfare. This article describes and ana-
Acid-Induced Pain and Its Modulation in Humans (2004)

Despite the discovery of ion channels that are activated by protons, we still know relatively little about the signaling of acid pain. We used a novel technique, iontophoresis of protons, to investigate acid-induced pain in human volunteers. We found that transdermal iontophoresis of protons consistently caused moderate pain that was dose-dependent. A marked desensitization occurred with persistent stimulation, with a time constant of approximately 3 min. Recovery from desensitization occurred slowly, over many hours. Acid-induced pain was significantly augmented in skin sensitized by acute topical application of capsaicin. However, skin desensitized by repeated capsaicin application showed no significant reduction in acid-induced pain, suggesting that both capsaicin-sensitive and insensitive sensory neurons contribute to acid pain. Furthermore, topical application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) significantly attenuated acid-evoked pain but did not affect the heat pain threshold, suggesting a specific interaction between NSAIDs and peripheral acid sensors. Subcutaneous injection of amiloride (1 mm) also significantly inhibited the pain induced by iontophoresis of acid, suggesting an involvement of acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) receptors. Conversely, iontophoresis of acid over a wide range of skin temperatures from 4 to 40 degrees C produced only minor changes in the induced pain. Together these data suggest a prominent role for ASIC channels and only a minor role for transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor-1 as mediators of cutaneous acid-induced pain.
Reorganization of large-scale physiology in hand motor cortex following hemispheric stroke (2011)

Following perinatal hemispheric injury, the developing brain reorganizes hand motor control interhemispherically, reallocating some lost functional representation and processing capacity to the intact hemisphere.1,2 A curious self-reported observation of mirror movement augmentation3 by a patient of ours led us to measure this reorganization electrophysiologically, and from this, make simple observations about the way the brain remaps itself following hemispheric stroke.

### Case report.

A 19-year-old man with epilepsy was implanted with subdural electrocorticographic (ECoG) electrodes that included left frontoparietal cortex in order to identify the focus of seizure initiation. The right-handed patient had left-sided spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy, following a perinatal hemispheric stroke. In the course of his hospital stay, he described and then demonstrated the mirror movement effect of his condition. He gripped 2 of the physician's fingers with his left hand, and then reported he was squeezing with full strength. He then raised his right hand, and slowly formed a fist and contracted with his right hand. As he contracted with his right hand, the grip strength with his left hand grew immensely. We measured the electrophysiology underlying …
ADGO: analysis of differentially expressed gene sets using composite GO annotation (2006)

http://array.kobic.re.kr/ADGO.
Material/element-dependent fluorescence-yield modes on soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy of cathode materials for Li-ion batteries (2016)

We evaluate the utilities of fluorescence-yield (FY) modes in soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) of several cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. In the case of total-FY (TFY) XAS for LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4, the line shape of the Mn L3-edge XAS was largely distorted by the self-absorption and saturation effects, while the distortions were less pronounced at the Ni L3 edge. The distortions were suppressed for the inverse-partial-FY (IPFY) spectra. We found that, in the cathode materials, the IPFY XAS is highly effective for the Cr, Mn, and Fe L edges and the TFY and PFY modes are useful enough for the Ni L edge which is far from the O K edge.
Contemporary Strategies for Internationalization of the Business Curriculum (1994)

Advances in informational and communication transmission technology have boosted international business to a preeminent state. International business activity now influences domestic markets and politics. The dissolution of the Soviet economic block has increased the urgency of developing and promoting internationalization of the business curriculum. Challenges include the speed of change, identification of appropriate and inappropriate theory and models that have application to international business. The danger of overgrown bureaucracy may impede Ihe process of internationalization of the curriculum. Contemporary teaching strategies were reviewed and self assessment of faculty and administrators was advised.
Handbook of Dialysis, Fourth Edition (2007)

Well, they've done it again and even better this time! The fourth edition of the Handbook of Dialysis, edited by John Daugirdas, Peter Blake, and Todd Ing and with contributions by 85 authors from North America, Europe, and Asia, is now available. It has been 19 years since the first edition of this book and each subsequent edition has been revised and rewritten to make it better than the previous. The Handbook of Dialysis is up to date and covers all aspects of all dialytic therapies in 43 relatively concise chapters, each of which contains selected references for further reading and Internet references. There are two useful appendices, one of which explains urea kinetic modeling in detail. On browsing through some of the book's more than 700 pages, I was impressed by the inclusion of the 2006 KDOQI guidelines as well as the updated European Best Practice Guidelines and by new chapters on the management of pre-dialysis patients. Other new chapters include information on hemodiafiltration and how to set up more frequent daily and nightly hemodialysis programs. As might be expected with Peter Blake as an editor, the 120-page section on peritoneal dialysis is thorough and up to date. One of the strengths of this book is the inclusion of relevant comments on physiology and clinical studies. Additionally, it includes clear descriptions of clinical management. Another innovation—which presumably results from the worldwide success of previous editions—is that it includes both English and SI units. This compact book is packed with practical information on clinical management, and I particularly recommend it to all nephrology fellows and nephrology nurses. However, nephrologists, intensivists, and internists will also find this to be a very valuable and readable handbook. The Handbook of Dialysis, fourth edition, was published in December 2006 by Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, Penn.
Class E low dv/dt synchronous rectifier with controlled duty ratio and output voltage (1991)

A class-E high-frequency low-dv/dt synchronous rectifier/DC regulator is analyzed. The circuit is derived from a class-E rectifier by replacing a diode with a controllable switch. It can then both rectify and regulate the rectified output against variations in DC load and amplitude of the AC input voltage. The switch consists of a transistor and an antiparallel diode or a series diode. The DC output voltage of the rectifier is regulated by varying the ON duty ratio of the switch. The AC input voltage can be at a constant or varying frequency. The controllable switch turns on and off at zero voltage with low dv/dt, reducing switching losses, stresses, and noise. Equations governing the circuit operation are derived. Experimental results at 0.5 MHz were in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The rectifier can be used in high-frequency-power-density multiple-output power supplies, all of whose outputs are regulated. The frequency need not be varied to regulate the DC output.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Applications of item response theory to analysis of attitude scale translations. (1982)

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champa ign Methods of detecting item bias developed from item response theory (IRT) are generalized to analyze the fidelity of translations of psychological scales into foreign languages. These IRT methods are considered as alternatives to classical methods. Item characteristic curves obtained from responses to the original and target language versions of the instrument are examined for significance of dif- ferences. Data from a Spanish translation of the Job Descriptive Index admin- istered to 203 Spanish-speaking employees are used to illustrate the method. Significance tests indicate that three items on the 72-item instrument are biased. Subsequent inspection of these three items by a language consultant revealed inadequate translation of one item. Because the number of items determined to be biased by significance testing is quite close to the expected number of Type I errors, it is concluded that the overall quality of the translation is quite good. Finally, it is argued that equivalent item characteristic curves across the original and translated items of a scale produce equivalent measurements in both lan- guages, and nonequivalent item characteristic curves pinpoint differences between the two versions of the scale. Two increasingly important areas of ap- plied psychological research are cross-cul- tural social psychology and cross-national in- dustrial-organizational psychology. The need to assess and make statements about differ- ences between cultures as well as within cul- tures is an integral part of both areas. Herein lies the problem addressed in this article: Cross-cultural research depends on cross-cul- tural comparisons, which, in turn, usually depend upon the meaningfulness of measur-
Discovering recurrent visual semantics in consumer photographs (2002)

We present techniques to semi-automatically discover recurrent visual semantics (RVS)-the repetitive appearance of visually similar elements such as objects and scenes-in consumer photographs. First, we introduce the detection of "bracketing" (very similar photographs) using an edge-correlation metric, which outperforms the color histogram. Then, we use color and novel composition features (based on automatic region segmentation) to perform scene-level clustering of images. We use a novel sequence-weighted technique, which uses the structure of standard film (only image sequence information), to perform hierarchical clustering. We show performance results of bracketing, explore clustering evaluation, and discuss STELLA, an interactive albuming and story telling application that uses these techniques to assist users in building digital albums. The STELLA system uses a new approach to album creation: instead of automatically creating albums, it provides an interactive environment that assists users in digital album creation.
보문 : 포천 철산의 철광상과 그에 수반하는 각섬석질암의 (角閃石質岩) 지화학 및 성인에 (成因) 관한 연구 (1976)

본 논문은 아직 정설이 없는 京畿變成帶내의 抱川 鐵鑛床의 成因 究明을 위한 자료를 제시하고저, 야외 특히 坑內 지질조사에서 鐵鑛床에 항상 매우 밀접히 수반되어 있는 角閃石質岩의 成因을 밝히고, 타 珪酸鹽 및 硫化鑛物로 부터 완전 단체 분리된 磁鐵鑛의 地化學的 特性을 검토하였다. 角閃石質岩은 W, Ni등의 重金屬을 많이 함유하고 있는 變成岩으로서 특히 각 대륙의 연변부 Lineament에 따라 세계적으로 많이 분포되어 있어 그 연구가 세계적으로 많이 진행되어 왔으나 그 成因의 究明이 어려웠고, 특히 높은 變成作用을 받은 지역에서는 더욱 불가능하여 資源探査에도 어려운 점이 많았다. 지금까지 알려진 사실로는 正-角閃石質岩은 높은 Cr, Ni, Ti의 값과 낮은 Niggli k 값으로 準-角閃石質岩으로부터 구분하였으나, 실제로 많은 鹽基性 火成岩은 낮은 Cr, Ni, Ti의 값을 가질 수 있으며 k의 값은 알카리變成交代作用에 의하여 변할 수 있어 신빙성이 매우 부족하였다. 본 연구에서는 갱내에서 鐵鑛床과 밀접히 수반되는 角閃石質岩을 대상으로 主成分 및 稀有成分元素들의 定性·定量的인 값을 구하여, 旣히 연구 밝혀진 외국의 角閃石質岩(Evans and Leake, 1960; Leake, 1964)과 韓半島 京畿變成帶內의 角閃石質岩(蘇七燮, 1974, 1975, 1976)과 對比하고, 본 지역의 石灰珪酸鹽岩 및 鹽基性 脈岩들의 化學的 특성과도 상호 비교 연구하였다. 모든 主成分元素들의 각종 Niggli 圖面과 각종 稀有元素의 연구 결과는 본 角閃石質岩이 鹽基性 火成岩類, 특히 그의 中期分化物의 특성을 나타내 주고 있다. 또한 모든 시료의 Oxidation ratio (av. 19.81)의 값과 산출상태 및 암석 기재적인 관찰도 上記 火成기원의 貫入岩임을 뚜렷하게 암시하여 준다. 본 지역의 鹽基性 變成岩類는 지금까지 단순한 堆積起源으로만 알려져 왔는데, 본 연구에서 火成起源으로 밝혀진 角閃石質岩들은 그의 産出狀態로 보아 鐵成分의 生成·濃集에 깊은 關係가 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and 2 are tumor necrosis factor/cachectin-responsive genes. (1988)

Human rTNF/Cachectin was shown to stimulate gene transcription of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PA1)-1 and PAI-2, and simultaneously suppress constitutive gene expression of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) in human fibrosarcoma cells. We propose that a TNF-mediated reprogramming of gene transcription induces, in appropriate target cells, an anti-fibrinolytic state, which may cooperate with the induction of procoagulant activity (tissue factor) to stabilize the fibrin deposits commonly found in inflamed tissue. PAI genes also provide a model system for a study of the molecular pathways underlying TNF-mediated signal transduction.
Corrosion and Hydriding of N Reactor Pressure Tubes (1989)

The Hanford Site N Reactor core includes approximately 1000 Zircaloy-2 pressure tubes that pass horizontally through the graphite moderator and contain the fuel elements and pressurized water coolant. The overall tube length is 16.1 m, and the central fueled length is 10.6 m. Over the fueled length, the coolant temperature increases from 204 to 282°C (399 to 540°F). Moist helium is maintained in the gas gap between tube and graphite moderator. Along the fueled length of recently examined tubes, the waterside oxide layer thickness increases uniformly from ∼3 μm (the preinstallation value) at the inlet end to a maximum of over 50 μm near the peak neutron flux location. The outer surface oxidation levels are approximately an order of magnitude less. The oxide thicknesses have steadily increased with operating time, which was verified by a tube removal and examination program that spanned the 25-year reactor lifetime. Oxidation rates were calculated from the waterside oxide layer thickness data. The in-flux oxidation rates are clearly enhanced (at a given temperature) relative to ex-reactor Zircaloy oxidation rates and to out-of-flux rates on actual pressure tubes. The in-flux oxidation rate varies exponentially with absolute temperature, similar to ex-reactor rates. In addition, the in-flux oxidation rate at a given temperature increases significantly as the oxide layer thickness passes from &lt;15 μm to &gt;20 μm. This last trend is in qualitative agreement with recent observations from high-burnup light water reactor (LWR) fuel rods and with a “Thick-Film Hypothesis” derived from test reactor data on N reactor tube materials in low and high oxygenated coolants. The hydrogen content in the tube wall along the fueled region follows the axial distribution of the oxide thickness. The hydrogen accumulation rate generally follows the oxidation rate. In particular, the hydrogen accumulation rate increases as the waterside oxidation passes from the thin-film (&lt;15-μm) regime to the thick-film (μ20-μm) regime. The hydrogen content has a strong azimuthal distribution with the maximum occurring at the top of the tube, which is the lower temperature region. The hydrogen also has a strong radial distribution with the maximum occurring at the tube inner surface, which is the oxidizing (hydrogen source) surface and which is at the lower temperature. In this paper, oxidation and hydriding trends are characterized, discussed, and analyzed in the light of current models and comparable LWR and ex-reactor data. Emphasis is given to results and insights generally applicable to in-reactor Zircaloy oxidation and hydriding.
An Analog CMOS Double-Edge Multi-Phase Low-Latency Pulse Width Modulator (2007)

This paper presents an analog CMOS double-edge multi-phase low-latency pulse width modulator. The PWM signal is generated by comparing the phase difference between two matched ring oscillators, which are differentially driven by the command voltage and the feedback voltage developed in a minor loop that forces the average frequency of each of the oscillators to be equal. Both rising and falling edges of the PWM signal are controlled by the instantaneous input voltage, resulting in a low latency relative to that achieved with conventional latched PWM circuitry. The developed pulse width modulator has high precision, good linearity, good noise immunity and wide duty ratio range. Further, it can be flexibly reconfigured for multi-phase PWM operation with no restriction on duty cycle range. The complete double-edge pulse width modulator IC is implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS process. It can generate as many as sixteen PWM outputs. The active chip area is 0.04 mm2. The quiescent bias current of the chip is 80 μA at 1.2 MHz PWM frequency.
Grain growth observation of 〈100〉 textured germanium film by transmission electron microscopy (1987)

Grain growth of 〈100〉 textured Ge films on amorphous SiO2 substrates during 900 °C isothermal annealing was observed by transmission electron microscopy. An rf sputtering technique was used to deposit the films. By using initially 〈100〉 textured film, grain growth (∼1.5 μm diameter) occurs and is enhanced (∼2 μm diameter) by square-wave-shape grooves fabricated on a SiO2 surface, although initial films are relatively thick (0.6 μm). On the other hand, this grooving edge also has an effect of interrupting the grain growth. These grain growths can be explained by the minimization of the energy required for grain rotation (rotational energy) during grain coalescence.
Synthesis of gold nanoshells based on the depositionprecipitation process (2008)

The synthesis of gold nanoshells involves the preparation of precursor seed particles consisting of nanoparticulate gold loaded on a dielectric core as scaffolds on which the layer of gold shell can be grown. The common route in preparing these seed particles involves a two-step technique of synthesizing colloidal gold particles followed by attaching them to amine functionalized dielectric core. In this paper, we present the use of a singlestep deposition-precipitation (DP) process, commonly used in the catalytic field, as a feasible alternative route to seeding gold hydroxide nanoparticles onto a silica core and growing a layer of gold shell around the core without the need for prior synthesis of colloidal gold. The various factors such as pH, temperature and time of reaction, as well as the effect of amine functionalization of silica on the deposition of gold were investigated. Compared to bare silica nanoparticles whose low isoelectric point render the DP process of seeding nanoparticulate gold unfavorable, amine functionalization of the silica surface is able to alter its isoelectric point to facilitate the deposition of gold hydroxide nanoparticles and increase the uniformity and density of seeding. We have also established that by varying the pH and time of reaction, it is possible to control the size of the gold hydroxide nanoparticles and density of seeding. The highest seeding density was achieved at pH 8 where the surface charge on the amine terminated silica surface favored the attraction of complex gold anions and the hydrolysis of these complex anions at elevated temperature produced the insoluble gold hydroxide precipitate which was readily deposited on the silica. As the time of reaction was increased from 3 min to 60 min, these gold hydroxide nanoparticles also increased in size from 2 nm to 7 nm. We have also shown the progressive growth of the gold hydroxide seeds to eventually form gold nanoshells with a complete layer of gold shell with tunable optical response.