gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase Behavior of the Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Biodegradable Poly(ε-caprolactone) in Supercritical Fluids (2005)

Experimental cloud-point data for poly(ε-caprolactone) in supercritical CO2, CHClF2, dimethyl ether(DME), 1-butene, and propylene at high pressure were measured at temperatures from 40 to 230 °C and pressures up to 2 830 bar. Poly(ε-caprolactone) was dissolved well in DME and CHClF2 below 500 bar and in CO2, 1-butene, and propylene in the range of 1 600−2 830 bar. A comparison of phase behavior was made between poly(ε-caprolactone) (Mw = 170 000) and poly(caprolactone) (Mw = 14 000) in supercritical CO2 and DME. The solubility of the poly(ε-caprolactone)−CO2−DME (0.0, 4.5, 14.5, 40.4, and 100 wt %) system with cosolvent concentration is measured in the range of temperature of 55−230 °C and at pressures as high as 2 830 bar. The cloud point for the ternary poly(ε-caprolactone)−CO2−CHClF2 mixture with 4.9, 14.3, and 44.5 wt % CHClF2 in cosolvent is measured at the temperature range of 40−230 °C and at the pressure range of 43−2 830 bar. The cloud point for the poly(ε-caprolactone)−propylene−DME system with DME concentrations of 9.5, 21.2, and 42.4 wt % is measured in the temperature range of 55−200 °C and at pressures as high as 1 825 bar. This system shows the change of the pressure−temperature relationship between the phase-behavior curves in the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) region of the negative slope, according to DME concentrations of 9.5, 21.2, and 42.4 wt %. The poly(ε-caprolactone)−propylene−CHClF2 (8.4, 22.9, and 41.9 wt %) system shows the phase-behavior curves from the UCST region to the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) region as the CHClF2 concentration increases. The experimental cloud-point data for the poly(ε-caprolactone)−1-butene−DME mixture with each of 0.0, 9.5, 31.1, 52.4, 80.6, and 100 wt % DME concentrations is measured in the temperature range 40−200 °C and at pressures up to 1825 bar.
Endothelial regulation of wall shear stress and blood flow in skeletal muscle microcirculation (1991)

In the presence of intact endothelium, in control conditions, calculated wall shear rate (WSR) (means +/- SE: 2,658 +/- 123 s-1; n = 21) was independent of arteriolar diameter (16.2-27.2 microns; correlation coefficient: r = 0.12, P greater than 0.05) in cremaster muscle of pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. An increase in blood flow velocity (due to parallel arteriolar occlusion) elicited a significant increase in WSR (to 4,981 +/- 253 s-1) followed by a delayed (6-15 s) increase in diameter (from: 22.5 +/- 0.6 to 29.5 +/- 0.8 microns), which consequently resulted in a significant decrease in WSR (to 3,879 +/- 203 s-1). As a result of the increased flow velocity and dilation, calculated arteriolar blood flow increased by 230%. After impairment of the endothelium of arterioles by a light-dye technique, basal WSR became significantly higher (3,604 +/- 341 s-1), and despite a greater increase in WSR (10,360 +/- 1,471 s-1) the dilation was absent. Now an inverse linear correlation was found between arteriolar diameter and WSR both before (r = 0.58, P less than 0.05) and during increased flow velocity conditions (r = 0.85, P less than 0.05). Also, arteriolar blood flow that was already less after impairment of endothelium increased by only 66% during the period of increased flow velocity due to the absence of dilation. Results suggest that an increase in wall shear stress is the stimulus for the endothelium-dependent mechanism that elicits "flow dependent" arteriolar dilation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Oxidative Damage Generated by an Oxo-Metalloporphyrin onto the Human Telomeric Sequence (2000)

The cationic metalloporphyrin Mn-TMPyP activated by KHSO5 has been used as cleaver of an oligonucleotide containing the four human telomere repeats of 5‘-GGGTTA. This oligonucleotide formed an intramolecular quadruplex DNA under 200 mM KCl as probed by DMS footprinting and could fold into different quadruplex structures under 200 mM NaCl. We found that the oxo-metalloporphyrin was able to mediate efficient oxidative cleavage of the quadruplex. The location of damage showed that the metalloporphyrin was able to bind to the last G-tetrad of the quadruplex structure via an external interaction. This metalloporphyrin-G-tetrad interaction needs a relatively high flexibility of the single-stranded linker regions to allow the partial stacking of the metalloporphyrin with the last G-tetrad planar structure. The oxidative damage consisted of guanine oxidation within the interacting G-tetrad together with an 1‘-carbon hydroxylation of deoxyribose residues of the thymidine residues located on the neighboring single-stranded loop. So the high-valent oxo-metalloporphyrin is able to mediate both electron-abstraction or H-abstraction on G or T residues, respectively, within the DNA quadruplex target.
Optimization of Gaussian-type basis sets for local spin density functional calculations. Part I. Boron through neon, optimization technique and validation (1992)

Gaussian-type orbital and auxiliary basis sets have been optimized for local spin density functional calculations. This first paper deals with the atoms boron through neon. Subsequent papers will provide a list through xenon. The basis sets have been tested for their ability to give equilibrium geometries, bond dissociation energies, hydrogenation energies, and dipole moments. These results indicate that the present optimization technique yields reliable basis sets for molecular calculations. Keywords: Gaussian basis sets, density functional theory, boron–neon, geometries, energies of reactions.
Clonal hematopoiesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2018)

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is a phenomenon in which somatic mutations originating from hematopoietic progenitors are detected in peripheral blood cells The prevalence of CH increases with age, and CH can be detected in 10-25% of healthy, elderly individuals Very sensitive methods may allow somatic mutation detection in blood cells in 95% of 50-60-year olds 5 .
Role of the Transmembrane Domain and Flanking Amino Acids in Internalization and Down-regulation of the Insulin Receptor (1995)

We have characterized the internalization and down-regulation of the insulin receptor and nine receptors with mutations in the transmembrane (TM) domain and/or flanking charged amino acids to define the role of this domain in receptor cycling. When expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, all had normal tetrameric structure and normal insulin-stimulated autophosphorylation/kinase activity. Replacement of the TM domain with that of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor, insertion of 3 amino acids, and substitution of Asp for Val938 or of Ala for either Gly933 or Pro934 had no effect on internalization. Replacement of the TM domain with that of c-neu or conversion of the charged amino acids on the cytoplasmic flank to uncharged amino acids, on the other hand, resulted in a 40-60% decrease in insulin-dependent internalization rate constants. By contrast, substitution of Ala for both Gly933 and Pro934 increases lateral diffusion mobility and accelerates internalization rate. These changes in internalization were due to decreased or increased rates of redistribution of receptors from microvilli to the nonvillous cell surface. In all cases, receptor down-regulation and receptor-mediated insulin degradation paralleled the changes in internalization. Thus, the structure of the transmembrane domain of the insulin receptor and flanking amino acids are major determinants of receptor internalization, insulin degradation, and receptor down-regulation.
Robustness and Balancing of Parallel-Connected Power Devices: SiC Versus CoolMOS (2015)

Differences in the thermal and electrical switching time constants between parallel-connected devices cause imbalances in the power and temperature distribution, thereby reducing module robustness. In this paper, the impact of electrothermal variations (gate and thermal resistance) between parallel-connected devices on module robustness is investigated for 900-V-CoolMOS and 1.2-kV-SiC MOSFETs under clamped inductive switching (CIS) and unclamped inductive switching (UIS). Under CIS, the difference in the steady-state junction temperature (ΔT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">J</sub> ) and switching energy (ΔE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SW</sub> ) between the parallel-connected devices for a given difference in the gate and thermal resistance (ΔR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> and ΔR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> ) is used as the metric for determining robustness to electrothermal variations, i.e., how well the devices maintain uniform temperature inspite of switching with different rates and thermal resistances. Under UIS conditions, the change in the maximum avalanche current/energy prior to device failure as a function of the ΔT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">J</sub> and ΔR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> between the parallel-connected devices is used as the metric. Under both CIS and UIS, SiC devices show better performance with minimal negative response to electrothermal variations between the parallel-connected devices. Finite-element models have also been performed showing the dynamics of BJT latch-up during UIS for different technologies.
Nickel and Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings that Form Carbon-Heteroatom and Carbon-Element Bonds (1997)

The transition-metal catalyzed addition of heteroatom nucleophiles to aryl and vinyl halides is reviewed. This chemistry typically involves a nickel- or palladium-based catalyst containing phosphine ligands. In recently developed palladium-catalyzed chemistry, aryl halides react with amines in the presence of base to form arylamines. In similar chemistry cataly­zed by both nickel and palladium, aryl and vinyl halides react with alkali metal or tin thiolates or selenides to form aryl and vinyl sulfides, while the reaction of different phosphorus compounds, such as phosphides, phosphonates, and phosphonites, with aryl halides gives compounds with new aryl-p· linkages. In addition to these typically nucleophilic heteroatoms, electrophilic heteroatoms such as boron, silicon, tin, and germanium have also been coupled to aryl electrophiles. The review closes with a brief summary of the general reaction pathways of these C-X bond-forming processes.
Generalized graph SLAM: Solving local and global ambiguities through multimodal and hyperedge constraints (2015)

Research in Graph-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping has experienced a recent trend towards robust methods. These methods take the combinatorial aspect of data association into account by allowing decisions of the graph topology to be made during optimization. The Generalized Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping framework presented in this work can represent ambiguous data on both local and global scales, i.e. it can handle multiple mutually exclusive choices in registration results and potentially erroneous loop closures. This is achieved by augmenting previous work on multimodal distributions with an extended graph structure using hyperedges to encode ambiguous loop closures. The novel representation combines both hyperedges and multimodal Mixture of Gaussian constraints to represent all sources of ambiguity in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping. Furthermore, a discrete optimization stage is introduced between the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping frontend and backend to handle these ambiguities in a unified way utilizing the novel representation of Generalized Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, providing a general approach to handle all forms of outliers. The novel Generalized Prefilter method optimizes among all local and global choices and generates a traditional unimodal unambiguous pose graph for subsequent continuous optimization in the backend. Systematic experiments on synthetic datasets show that the novel representation of the Generalized Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping framework with the Generalized Prefilter method, is significantly more robust and faster than other robust state-of-the-art methods. In addition, two experiments with real data are presented to corroborate the results observed with synthetic data. Different general strategies to construct problems from real data, utilizing the full representational power of the Generalized Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping framework are also illustrated in these experiments.
Developing successful labor-based contractor programs : lessons from Ghana (1996)

The use of labor-based methods for road works has been an important aspect of the strategy to improve rural transport infrastructure in Africa for the past 25 years. These methods not only produce gravel roads of equal quality to equipment-based methods, but can be used to generate rural employment in a cost-effective manner. The benefits of labor-based methods will not be realized unless programs are designed to make the working environment favorable to their use, recognizing that contractors base financial comparisons between labor- and equipment-based methods on a variety of factors. A recent case study on the Ghanaian experience attempts to identify these factors and provide program designers with lessons for developing successful labor-based programs.
Perception of Rhizobium nodulation factors by tomato cells and inactivation by root chitinases. (1994)

The bacterial genera Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium, nitrogen-fixing symbionts of legumes, secrete specific lipo-chitooligosaccharides that induce the formation of nodules on their host plants. When preparations of such nodulation-inducing factors (Nod factors) were added to suspension-cultured tomato cells, a rapid and transient alkalinization of the culture medium occurred. Lipo-oligosaccharide preparations from Rhizobium or Bradyrhizobium treated with flavonoids, known inducers of Nod factor synthesis, were up to 100 times more potent in inducing alkalinization than the ones from untreated bacteria. The activity was absent from preparations of the mutant strain Rhizobium sp. NGR234 delta nodABC, unable to produce any Nod factors. Preparations of Nod factors from various bacteria as well as individual, highly purified Nod factors from Rhizobium sp. NGR(pA28) induced alkalinization in the tomato cell cultures at nanomolar concentrations. This demonstrates that Nod factors can be perceived by tomato, a nonhost of rhizobia. Using the alkalinization response as a sensitive bioassay, Nod factors were found to be inactivated by plant chitinases. Root chitinases purified from different legumes differed in their potential to inactivate differently substituted Nod factors produced by Rhizobium sp. NGR(pA28). This indicates that the specificity of the bacterium-host plant interaction may be due, at least in part, to differential inactivation of Nod factors by root chitinases.
Suppression Versus Induction of Androgen Receptor Functions by the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway in Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cells with Different Passage Numbers (2003)

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway controls several important biological functions, such as cell growth regulation, apoptosis, and migration. However, the way in which PI3K/Akt controls androgen receptor (AR)-mediated prostate cancer cell growth remains unclear and controversial. Here, we demonstrate that the PI3K/Akt pathway regulates AR activity in a cell passage number-dependent manner. Specifically, PI3K/Akt pathway can suppress AR activity in androgen-dependent LNCaP cells with low passage numbers. In contrast, it can also enhance AR activity in LNCaP cells with high passage numbers. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that insulin-like growth factor-1 can activate the PI3K/Akt pathway that results in the phosphorylation of AR at Ser210 and Ser790. The consequence of these events may then change the stability of AR protein. Together, our results demonstrate that the PI3K/Akt pathway may have distinct mechanisms to modulate AR functions in various stages of prostate cancer cells and that a combined therapy of antiandrogens and anti-PI3K/Akt inhibitors may be worth considering as a future therapeutic approach to battle prostate cancer.
Full privacy preserving electronic voting scheme (2012)

隐私是在电子投票的一个重要问题。在电子投票的完整的隐私的概念第一被建议，不是仅仅选民的隐私被担心，而且候选人的。没有任何信任第三方，保存电子选举建筑学的隐私被介绍，为 k-out-of-m 选举的一种一般技术也基于分布式的 ElGamal 加密和混合火柴被提供。没有揭示他们的愿望和输的候选人的投票，选民能自己计算结果。而且，获胜者候选人的投票是否多于一半，能直接被验证。这个计划满足投票并且去模式并且完成完整的隐私。正确性和安全也被分析。
Regenerable DNA-Functionalized Hydrogels for Ultrasensitive, Instrument-Free Mercury(II) Detection and Removal in Water (2010)

Mercury is a highly toxic environmental pollutant with bioaccumulative properties. Therefore, new materials are required to not only detect but also effectively remove mercury from environmental sources such as water. We herein describe a polyacrylamide hydrogel-based sensor functionalized with a thymine-rich DNA that can simultaneously detect and remove mercury from water. Detection is achieved by selective binding of Hg(2+) between two thymine bases, inducing a hairpin structure where, upon addition of SYBR Green I dye, green fluorescence is observed. In the absence of Hg(2+), however, addition of the dye results in yellow fluorescence. Using the naked eye, the detection limit in a 50 mL water sample is 10 nM Hg(2+). This sensor can be regenerated using a simple acid treatment and can remove Hg(2+) from water at a rate of approximately 1 h(-1). This sensor was also used to detect and remove Hg(2+) from samples of Lake Ontario water spiked with mercury. In addition, these hydrogel-based sensors are resistant to nuclease and can be rehydrated from dried gels for storage and DNA protection. Similar methods can be used to functionalize hydrogels with other nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules for environmental and biomedical applications.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Preparation of Cyclopropanone Hemiketals by Reductive Coupling of Terminal Olefins with Ethylene Carbonate. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Induced Overexpression of Mitochondrial Mn-Superoxide Dismutase Extends the Life Span of Adult <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (2002)

A transgenic system ("FLP-out") based on yeast FLP recombinase allowed induced overexpression of MnSOD enzyme in adult Drosophila melanogaster. With FLP-out a brief heat pulse (HP) of young, adult flies triggered the rearrangement and subsequent expression of a MnSOD transgene throughout the adult life span. Control (no HP) and overexpressing (HP) flies had identical genetic backgrounds. The amount of MnSOD enzyme overexpression achieved varied among six independent transgenic lines, with increases up to 75%. Life span was increased in proportion to the increase in enzyme. Mean life span was increased by an average of 16%, with some lines showing 30-33% increases. Maximum life span was increased by an average of 15%, with one line showing as much as 37% increase. Simultaneous overexpression of catalase with MnSOD had no added benefit, consistent with previous observations that catalase is present in excess in the adult fly with regard to life span. Cu/ZnSOD overexpression also increases mean and maximum life span. For both MnSOD and Cu/ZnSOD lines, increased life span was not associated with decreased metabolic activity, as measured by O2 consumption.
Hardware implementation of multimedia driven HFC MAC protocol (2002)

Tree-shaped topologies present attractive cost advantages for broadband access networks by allowing many customers to share the expensive head-end equipment and the feeder section and provide a graceful upgrade path towards the photoionization of the local loop. In addition they offer reuse of the copper last drops to the customer at least during the crucial introductory phase and probably for many years to come. Typical examples are hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) and passive optical network (PON) systems. The TDMA multiplexing of traffic entering such a system is governed by the MAC protocol, which arbitrates the allocation of bandwidth to the shared feeder. At the same time the need to integrate telecom services presenting different quality requirements with plain best effort services over the same infrastructure brings new issues to the design of such an access mechanism. The MAC protocol as the only arbiter of the upstream bandwidth directly affects the QoS provided to each upstream traffic flow and must meet several constraints. Such constraints include the adequate speed of operation exploiting in the highest degree the speed of H/W implementation, flexibility to support efficiently the largest number of services and applications offering an adequate number of QoS classes and independence of higher layers, protocols and future extensions to traffic management specifications. The implementation of a MAC protocol targeting these goals in the framework of the AROMA research system is presented in this paper. We discuss the details and the implementation cost of the solutions followed and we evaluate the implemented mechanisms using computer simulation.
Inferring gene regulatory networks from time series data using the minimum description length principle (2006)

Available from the authors upon request.
Avaliação do conhecimento nutricional de indivíduos eutróficos, sobrepesos e obesos e sua associação com o estado nutricional (2011)

Introduction: Obesity is defined asachronic disease, characterized by excessive accumulation offat and that represents acompromised health. To promote healthier eating habits and, consequently, decrease the rates of obesity, it is believed thatit is important that people have knowledge about food and nutrition. Objective: To assess the nutritional knowledge of normal weight individuals, overweight and obese and identify if there is are lationship between nutritional status and nutritional knowledge. Methodology: The sample consisted of 22 individuals classified as eutrophic, 14 classified as overweight and 18 classified as obese according to Body Mass Index, which answered a questionnaire on nutrition knowledge. Results: We observed that, in general, both groups had low and moderate nutrition knowledge. No significant correlations betweens core son the questionnaire with the body mass index (r=0.08) between the questionnaire and educational level (r=0.29) nor between body mass in dex and education level (r= -0.01). Discussion: Improving knowledge does not necessarily implychanges in eating habits. Conclusion: The results suggest that nutrition knowledge does not seem tobe a determining factor in food selection.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (1983)

Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder who met DSM-III criteria and who had been ill for at least one year were studied in a double-blind, randomized, crossover comparison of the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine hydrochloride and the monoamine oxidase inhibitor clorgyline hydrochloride. No significant improvement was evident after four weeks of treatment with placebo prior to the crossover study. Treatment with clomipramine was associated with significant improvement after both four and six weeks in measures of obsessions, anxiety, and depression. Antiobsessional responses to clomipramine did not depend on presence of depression. Improvement was correlated with plasma concentrations of clomipramine, but not with the plasma concentrations of any of its metabolites. No significant improvement was evident for the entire group with clorgyline treatment, although the conditions of individual patients did respond to the drug.