gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional inhibition of native volume‐sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channels in muscle cells and <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes by anti‐ClC‐3 antibody (2001)

Intracellular dialysis of NIH/3T3 cells with a commercially available anti-ClC-3 polyclonal antibody (Ab) for approximately 30 min completely inhibited expressed guinea-pig ClC-3 currents (IgpClC-3), while intracellular dialysis with antigen-preabsorbed anti-ClC-3 Ab failed to affect IgpClC-3. Anti-ClC-3 Ab was used as a selective probe to examine the relationship between endogenous ClC-3 expression and native volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channels (VSOACs) in guinea-pig cardiac cells, canine pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and Xenopus laevis oocytes. Intracellular dialysis or injection of anti-ClC-3 Ab abolished native VSOAC function in cardiac cells and PASMCs and significantly reduced VSOACs in oocytes. In contrast, native VSOAC function was unaltered by antigen-preabsorbed anti-ClC-3 Ab. It is suggested that endogenous ClC-3 represents a major molecular entity responsible for native VSOACs in cardiac and smooth muscle cells and Xenopus oocytes. Anti-ClC-3 Ab should be a useful experimental tool to directly test the relationship between endogenous ClC-3 expression and native VSOAC function, and help resolve existing controversies related to the regulation and physiological role of native VSOACs in a wide variety of different cells.
Characterization and determinants of an electronegatively charged low-density lipoprotein in human plasma (1996)

There is evidence that oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is an important step in the atherosclerotic process. Electronegatively charged LDL has been found in the atherosclerotic lesions of rabbit and human and it is supposed to represent an early modification of LDL in the oxidative process in vivo. We describe a chromatographic method for determination of an LDL subfraction (LDL-) percentage from plasma LDL and the investigation of the lipid composition of native LDL and LDL- fractions separated by this method. We also studied the main determinants of the change in plasma LDL- level in a population sample of 45 men during a 6-months follow-up period. The LDL- fraction separated by anion-exchange chromatography had significantly higher triglyceride and free cholesterol and significantly lower phospholipid and total cholesterol contents, and lower alpha-tocopherol to triglyceride ratio than native LDL. In a 6-month follow up of 45 subjects, decreases in the ratio of blood glutathione disulphide to reduced glutathione, in serum LDL cholesterol and in serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and an increase in plasma beta-carotene concentration had independent associations with a decrease of LDL-. The linear regression model including only these four variables was able to account for 47% of the variation of LDL-. Our findings suggest that the change in the plasma LDL- percentage measured by an anion-exchange liquid chromatography is predicted by changes in the major determinants of lipid peroxidation.
Novel Aspects of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Aging of Human Skin: Beneficial Effects of Soy Extract¶ (2005)

Biochemical and structural changes of the dermal connective tissue substantially contribute to the phenotype of aging skin. To study connective tissue metabolism with respect to ultraviolet (UV) exposure, we performed an in vitro (human dermal fibroblasts) and an in vivo complementary DNA array study in combination with protein analysis in young and old volunteers. Several genes of the collagen metabolism such as Collagen I, III and VI as well as heat shock protein 47 and matrix metalloproteinase-1 are expressed differentially, indicating UV-mediated effects on collagen expression, processing and degradation. In particular, Collagen I is time and age dependently reduced after a single UV exposure in human skin in vivo. Moreover, older subjects display a lower baseline level and a shorter UV-mediated increase in hyaluronan (HA) levels. To counteract these age-dependent changes, cultured fibroblasts were treated with a specific soy extract. This treatment resulted in increased collagen and HA synthesis. In a placebo-controlled in vivo study, topical application of an isoflavone-containing emulsion significantly enhanced the number of dermal papillae per area after 2 weeks. Because the flattening of the dermal-epidermal junction is the most reproducible structural change in aged skin, this soy extract appears to rejuvenate the structure of mature skin.
Moving beyond the map (2013)

In the past people have used very different forms of directions depending on how those directions were acquired. If a person is giving another person directions in a familiar area, he will frequently use landmarks to describe the route [10]. If the person gets the route from a personal navigation system though, it will be displayed on a map and make use of street names for the directions.
The Physiology of Wandering Behaviour in <i>Manduca Sexta</i>: I. Temporal Organization and the Influence of the Internal and External Environments (1984)

A stereotyped series of behavioural changes occurs in preparation for pupation in Manduca sexta. Feeding declines over an 8-h period, after which the larva coats its body with a labial gland secretion. The animal then begins a 10- to 30-h wandering behaviour during which it constructs a pupation chamber underground. Wandering behaviour starts during a specific temporal gate which is determined by an internal circadian timer. The scotophase of the day prior to wandering has the major influence on the timing of internal processes which activate the behaviour. Wandering duration is correlated with larval size, reflecting a possible influence of juvenile hormone. The larva appears to be irrevocably committed to begin wandering by an event that occurs about 15 h previously, a time that corresponds to the second of three prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) pulses and the accompanying elevation of ecdysteroids as measured by Gilbert et al. (1981). We conclude that both the initiation and duration of wandering behaviour are governed primarily by processes which are internal to the larva.
Multipliers, Vacancy Chains, and Filtering in Housing (1971)

Abstract Looking at housing policy in terms of the careers of vacancies in the system offers a new perspective for deciding on program priorities. Available data indicate that the filtering process enables four families to move for every new unit built. The filtering process can be modeled using probabilities for the movement of housing vacancies. New vacancies are generated by the flow of families out of the metropolitan area as well as by the flow of new houses into the metropolitan stock.
Topologies comparison of multi-cell medium frequency transformer for offshore farms (2010)

New European objectives have increased the interest about offshore tidal current farm. High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) connection is used for distribution from farm to shore and traditionally local distribution is achieved by an AC grid. Nevertheless, energy conversion station with high volume power density is really interesting in offshore applications and even more in subsea context. Local DC distribution grid could be considered because of the different interests in term of weight and size of DC-DC converter thanks to Medium Frequency Transformer (MFT). This paper presents a comparison of different topologies for a tidal current farm test bench near PaimpolBrehat in France. MF DC-DC converter topologies are compared using factors as: costs, losses, weights, sizing, availability, number of cells and single or three-phase transformers. For a 8 MVA tidal farm, 4×2 MVA single phase DC-DC converters appears to be the cost-effective solution. (5 pages)
Asymmetric acoustic radiation in leaky SAW resonators on lithium tantalate (1999)

We discuss an acoustic loss mechanism in leaky surface-acoustic wave resonators on 36°YX-cut lithium tantalate substrate. Our recent acoustic field scans performed with an optical Michelson interferometer revealed a spatially asymmetric acoustic field atop the busbars of a resonator, giving rise to acoustic beams which escape the resonator area and lead to undesired losses. Here, we link the phenomenon with the inherent crystalline anisotropy of the substrate crystal: the shape of the slowness curves and the asymmetry of the polarization for the leaky surface-acoustic waves propagating at an angle with respect to the crystal X-axis.
The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology (1994)

The aerobic actinomycetes are soil-inhabiting microorganisms that occur worldwide. In 1888, Nocard first recognized the pathogenic potential of this group of microorganisms. Since then, several aerobic actinomycetes have been a major source of interest for the commercial drug industry and have proved to be extremely useful microorganisms for producing novel antimicrobial agents. They have also been well known as potential veterinary pathogens affecting many different animal species. The medically important aerobic actinomycetes may cause significant morbidity and mortality, in particular in highly susceptible severely immunocompromised patients, including transplant recipients and patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. However, the diagnosis of these infections may be difficult, and effective antimicrobial therapy may be complicated by antimicrobial resistance. The taxonomy of these microorganisms has been problematic. In recent revisions of their classification, new pathogenic species have been recognized. The development of additional and more reliable diagnostic tests and of a standardized method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the application of molecular techniques for the diagnosis and subtyping of these microorganisms are needed to better diagnose and treat infected patients and to identify effective control measures for these unusual pathogens. We review the epidemiology and microbiology of the major medically important aerobic actinomycetes.
Novel mutations in natriuretic peptide receptor-2 gene underlie acromesomelic dysplasia, type maroteaux (2012)

We have described two novel mutations in the gene NPR2. The presence of the same mutation (p.T907M) and haplotype in five families (A, B, C, D, E) is suggestive of a founder effect.
A Portable Extended Precision Arithmetic Package and Library with Fortran Precompiler (1976)

article Free Access Share on A Portable Extended Precision Arithmetic Package and Library with Fortran Precompiler Authors: W. T. Wyatt Harry, Diamond Laboratories, Adelphi, MD Harry, Diamond Laboratories, Adelphi, MDView Profile , D. W. Lozier Mathematical Analysis Section, Institute Basic Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC Mathematical Analysis Section, Institute Basic Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DCView Profile , D. J. Orser Mathematical Analysis Section, Institute Basic Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC Mathematical Analysis Section, Institute Basic Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DCView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Transactions on Mathematical SoftwareVolume 2Issue 3Sept. 1976 pp 209–231https://doi.org/10.1145/355694.355695Published:01 September 1976Publication History 22citation422DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations22Total Downloads422Last 12 Months7Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Liquid‐Exfoliated Black Phosphorous Nanosheet Thin Films for Flexible Resistive Random Access Memory Applications (2016)

Black phosphorous (BP) is a unique layered p‐type semiconducting material. The successful use of BP nanosheets in field‐effect transistors fueled research on BP atomic layers that focuses on, e.g., the exploration of their optical and electronic properties, and promising applications in (opto)electronics. However, BP films are prone to degradation in ambient conditions, which prevents their commercial application. Here, a route to the application of BP films as an environmental stable nonvolatile resistive random access memory is presented. The BP films, which are prepared from exfoliated BP nanosheets in selected solvents, show solvent‐dependent degradation upon ambient exposure, inducing the formation of an amorphous top degraded layer (TDL). The TDL acts as an insulating barrier just below the Al electrode. This property that was only obtained by degradation, confers a bipolar resistive switching behavior with a high ON/OFF current ratio up to ~3 × 10 5 and excellent retention ability over 10 5 s to the flexible BP memory devices. The TDL also prevents propagation of degradation further into the film, ensuring excellent memory performance even after three month of ambient exposure.
Combinational Circuit Synthesis with Time and Component Bounds (1977)

New results are given concerning the design of combinational logic circuits. We give time and component bounds for combinational circuits specified in several ways. For any sequential machine defined by linear recurrence relations, we discuss an algorithm for the synthesis of equivalent combinational logic. The procedure includes upper bounds on the time and components involved. We also discuss the transformation of nonlinear recurrences into combinational circuits. Examples are given using gates as well as IC's as components. These include binary addition, multiplication, and ones' position counting. The time and component bounds our procedure yields compare favorably with traditional results.
Preparation and pyrolysis of 1-(pyrazol-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazoles and related compounds 1 (1997)

1-(Pyrazol-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazoles 8a, 9a and 10 are prepared by cycloaddition of 5-azidopyrazoles with methyl prop-2-ynoate. The regiochemistry of the process is confirmed by synthesis of 9a using an authentic route from ethyl 2-formyl-2-diazoacetate 13. Flash vacuum pyrolysis of 8a, 9a and 10 gives 5-methoxypyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones 16–18 by a mechanism involving an unexpected oxoketenimine–imidoyl ketene rearrangement as the key step. The mechanism is supported by a 13C labelling experiment. A general route to pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones from pyrazolylaminomethylene Meldrum's acid derivatives (e.g. 30–32) is also reported.
The synthesis of biodegradable polymers with functional side chains (1987)

Abstract Trifunctional hydroxy‐terminated oligomeric polyesters, M n 500, 1000, and 2000, were prepared by initiating ring‐opening copolymerization of δ‐valerolactone and ε‐caprolactone with glycerol. The prepolymers were converted to crosslinked polyester‐urethanes by their reaction with hexane‐1,6‐diisocyanate in proportions corresponding to 70, 80, 90, and 100% of the hydroxyl content. The moduli of the resulting elastomers varied between 0.12 MPa and 3.83 MPa, and the elongation at break between 60 and 2000%. The residual hydroxyl groups were derivatized by heterogeneous reaction with chloroacetic anhydride or excess hexane‐1,6‐diisocyanate, and these and further transformations of the functional groups were verified by infrared spectroscopy and electron probe x‐ray microanalysis. A second series of hydroxy‐substituted elastomers was synthesized by copolymerization of δ‐valerolactone, ε‐caprolactone, and 4‐( t ‐butyldimethylsilyloxy)‐ε‐caprolactone, using different amounts of 2,2‐bis(caprolacton‐4‐yl)propane as the crosslinking agent; removal of the t ‐butyldimethylsilyl group to liberate pendant hydroxyl groups was achieved with acetic acid but not fluoride ion. The hydroxylated polyester (but not the polyesterurethanes) was shown to undergo enzymatic surface erosion in rabbit. The biodegradation data were compared with results previously obtained with low‐modulus elastomeric polyesters.
Agile Autonomous Driving using End-to-End Deep Imitation Learning (2018)

We present an end-to-end imitation learning system for agile, off-road autonomous driving using only low-cost on-board sensors. By imitating a model predictive controller equipped with advanced sensors, we train a deep neural network control policy to map raw, high-dimensional observations to continuous steering and throttle commands. Compared with recent approaches to similar tasks, our method requires neither state estimation nor on-the-fly planning to navigate the vehicle. Our approach relies on, and experimentally validates, recent imitation learning theory. Empirically, we show that policies trained with online imitation learning overcome well-known challenges related to covariate shift and generalize better than policies trained with batch imitation learning. Built on these insights, our autonomous driving system demonstrates successful high-speed off-road driving, matching the state-of-the-art performance.
<title>Laser-induced generation and patterning of electrically conducting polymers</title> (1993)

Lithographic patterns of electrically conducting polymers are obtained starting from films of insulating precursor polymers or from appropriate composites via laser irradiation. The precursor polymers yield conducting patterns directly, whereas in the composites the initially formed latent images have to be developed in a subsequent step. Vapors of pyrrole, thiophene, or aniline derivatives are used as gaseous developers. Laser ablation of the materials may be combined with the laser induced generation of electrical conductivity using the same exposure apparatus.
Cloning of the cDNA and gene for mouse mast cell protease 4. Demonstration of its late transcription in mast cell subclasses and analysis of its homology to subclass-specific neutral proteases of the mouse and rat (1991)

Based on the amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the mature form of mouse mast cell protease 4 (MMCP-4), previously identified in peritoneal connective tissue mast cells (CTMC) and Kirsten sarcoma virus-immortalized mast cells (KiSV-MC), a 26-mer oligonucleotide probe was constructed and used to clone cDNAs for MMCP-4 from a KiSV-MC1 cDNA library. MMCP-4 is the first secretory granule serine protease of CTMC to be molecularly cloned. Using a cDNA probe derived from the 3'-untranslated portion of the MMCP-4 cDNA, the gene for MMCP-4 and a second highly related gene (mouse mast cell protease-like, MMCP-L) were cloned from a BALB/c mouse genomic DNA library and sequenced entirely, including approximately 2 kilobases of the 5'-flanking region. MMCP-4 and MMCP-L have five exons of identical length, four introns of nearly identical length, and approximately 900 base pairs of 5'-flanking DNA with sequence similarity by dot matrix analysis. By RNA blot analysis with gene-specific probes for MMCP-4 (bases 497-633 of the cDNA) and MMCP-L (bases 502-638 of the cDNA), mRNA for MMCP-4 was present in KiSV-MC5, CTMC, and the intestine of a mouse infected with the parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis markedly enriched for mucosal mast cells (MMC); MMCP-L mRNA was detected only in the intestine of the N. brasiliensis-infected mouse. MMCP-4 mRNA was not expressed in normal mouse intestine or in interleukin 3-dependent bone marrow-derived mast cells, which can serve as precursors to both MMC and CTMC. This finding suggests that MMCP-4 is transcribed relatively late in the development of both the CTMC and MMC subclasses and underscores the fact that mouse bone-marrow-derived mast cells are immature mast cells, rather than tissue culture equivalents of the MMC subclass.
Chiral <i>N</i>‐Acylhydrazones: Versatile Imino Acceptors for Asymmetric Amine Synthesis (2005)

Abstract Addition to C=N bonds with acyclic stereocontrol offers excellent potential for development of new carbon–carbon bond construction approaches to chiral amines. This review features the design and implementation of novel chiral N ‐acylhydrazones as versatile imino acceptors for addition of radicals and nucleophiles. The initial design was inspired by the goal of asymmetric radical addition to chiral C=N radical acceptors. The chiral N ‐acylhydrazones are prepared from commercially available materials by amination of 4‐alkyl‐2‐oxazolidinones with NH 2 + equivalents to afford N ‐(amino)oxazolidinones, followed by condensation with aldehydes or ketones. These chiral N ‐acylhydrazones undergo addition reactions with various partners, including radicals, allylsilanes, allylindiums, silyl enol ethers, and hydride donors. The adducts can be converted to chiral amines by N–N bond cleavage. Reliably high stereoselectivity was observed for addition reactions in the presence of Lewis acids. For the prototype case, N ‐acylhydrazones derived from ( S )‐4‐benzyl‐2‐oxazolidinone, two alternative stereocontrol models are consistent with the results. Lewis acids capable of chelate formation activate through two‐point binding of the imino nitrogen and the carbonyl oxygen, exposing the si ‐face for addition. On the other hand, boron trifluoride activates through a monodentate interaction, favoring a rotamer which exposes the re ‐face. Applications from the author’s research program are reviewed together with results from other groups. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
A 70nm NOR flash technology with 0.049 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ cell size (2004)

A 70nm NOR flash technology has been for the first time developed with a cell size of 0.0494m, which is the smallest size of NOR flash cell, for high density memory of mobile application. The operation of 0.049PM cell transistor is successfully achieved with three key technologies such as an optimized Self-Aligned Poly (SAP) structure with top corner rounding trench structure, a cell drain contact process by ArF photo lithographic tool, and a cell transistor with a gate length of 120nm.
Integration of UML modeling and policy-driven management of Web service systems (2009)

We address the problems that Web service management policies are not defined during Web service design and that management information collected during run-time is not directly annotated on designs to guide their improvements. We present novel mechanisms for: (1) generation of WS-Policy4MASC policies (for run-time Web service management) from the corresponding UML profiles, (2) feedback of information monitored during run-time by MASC middleware into another set of UML diagram annotations. The latter annotations show which design elements have not performed well in technical or financial metrics and service designers can use this information for design analysis and re-engineering decisions. We validated our mechanisms on prototypes using Eclipse UML tools and XSLT processing, applied to a stock trading Web service composition example.
Algal toxins and water‐based diseases (1985)

Waterborne diseases are usually caused by infectious microorganisms. However, an intermittent but widespread source of water‐based diseases are the exotoxins produced by several marine and freshwater algae species. Marine algal toxins come from dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria (blue‐green algae). The main di‐noflagellate genera involved are Gonyaulax, Protogonyaulax, Gymnodinium, and Gambierdiscus. Known toxic marine cyanobacteria include Lyngbya, Schizothrix, and Oscillatoria. Toxic signs of these marine toxins are varied but involve mainly neuro‐ and dermatoxicity. A few freshwater algal toxins are produced by dinoflagellates and haptophytes but the majority are formed by “water bloom”; species of cyanobacteria. Toxic blooms of these cyanobacteria can be found in several types of water bodies. The main toxic genera are Microcystis, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, and Oscillatoria. Toxins produced are neurotoxic alkaloids and hepatotoxic peptides. Human poisonings from algal toxins can be from ingestion of contaminated shellfish, fish, and drinking water or by contact with the algae in recreational water supplies.