gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving the production of<i>S</i>-adenosyl-<scp>L</scp>-methionine in<i>Escherichia coli</i>by overexpressing<i>metk</i> (2017)

S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) has important applications in many fields including chemical therapy and pharmaceutical industry. In this study, the recombinant Escherichia coli strain was constructed for effective production of SAM by introducing the SAM synthase gene (metK). This strain produced 34.5 mg/L of SAM in basic medium in shake flask. Yeast extract, pH, and loaded volume had a significant positive effect on the yield of SAM. Their optimal values were 35 g/L, 7.5, and 30 mL, respectively. The final conditions optimized were as follows: glucose 20, g/L; peptone, 40 g/L; yeast extract, 35 g/L; NaCl, 10 g/L; MgSO<sub>4</sub>, 1.2 g/L; L-methionine, 1 g/L; rotate speed, 220 rpm; loaded volume, 30 mL; inoculation, 1%; temperature, 37°C; and initial medium, pH 7.5. The recombinant strain produced 128.2 mg/L of SAM under the above conditions in shake flask. The production of SAM in a 5 L fermentor was also investigated. The maximal biomass of the recombinant strain was 60.4 g/L after the cells were cultured for 20 hr, and the highest yield of SAM was 300.9 mg/L after induction for 8 hr in a 5 L fermentor. This study provides a good foundation for the future production and use of SAM.
M13 Bacteriophage and Adeno‐Associated Virus Hybrid for Novel Tissue Engineering Material with Gene Delivery Functions (2015)

A novel hybrid phage carrying genes from prokaryotic M13 phage and eukaryotic adeno-associated viruses can be used as a tissue engineering material with gene delivery functions. The filamentous shape of the resulting hybrid phage easily forms nanofibrous matrices, which can support cellular growth in tissue culture conditions and deliver the target programmed gene information into the target cells.
Augmented space planning: Using procedural generation to automate desk layouts (2018)

We developed a suite of procedural algorithms for space planning in commercial offices. These algorithms were benchmarked against 13,000 actual offices designed by human architects. The algorithm performed as well as an architect on 77% of offices, and achieved a higher capacity in an additional 6%, all while following a set of space standards. If the algorithm used the space standards the same way as an architect (a more relaxed interpretation), the algorithm achieved a 97% match rate, which means that the algorithm completed this design task as well as a designer and in a shorter time. The benchmarking of a layout algorithm against thousands of existing designs is a novel contribution of this article, and we argue that it might be a first step toward a more comprehensive method to automate parts of the office layout process.
Pivotal Role of a gp91 <sup>phox</sup> -Containing NADPH Oxidase in Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Mice (2002)

A gp91(phox)-containing NADPH oxidase plays an important role in the development of angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, independent of changes in blood pressure.
Effectiveness of automated locomotor training in patients with acute incomplete spinal cord injury: A randomized controlled multicenter trial (2011)

This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT01147185.
Developing a low-cost driving simulator for the evaluation of in-vehicle technologies (2009)

We present a case study concerning the development of a driving simulator at Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs. By relying largely on off-the-shelf components, we have kept the total system cost under USD 60,000, yet attained a level of fidelity comparable with more expensive, custom-built research simulators.
The renaissance of high-energy CID for structural elucidation of complex lipids: MALDI-TOF/RTOF-MS of alkali cationized triacylglycerols (2009)

Triacylglycerols were analyzed as cationized species (Li(+), Na(+), K(+)) by high-energy CID at 20 keV collisions utilizing MALDI-TOF/RTOF mass spectrometry. Precursor ions, based on [M + Li](+)-adduct ions exhibited incomplete fragmentation in the high and low m/z region whereas [M + K](+)-adducts did not show useful fragmentation. Only sodiated precursor ions yielded product ion spectra with structurally diagnostic product ions across the whole m/z range. The high m/z region of the CID spectra is dominated by abundant charge-remote fragmentation of the fatty acid substituents. In favorable cases also positions of double bonds or of hydroxy groups of the fatty acid alkyl chains could be determined. A-type product ions represent the end products of these charge-remote fragmentations. B- and C-type product ions yield the fatty acid composition of individual triacylglycerol species based on loss of either one neutral fatty acid or one sodium carboxylate residue, respectively. Product ions allowing fatty acid substituent positional determination were present in the low m/z range enabling identification of either the sn-1/sn-3 substituents (E-, F-, and G-type ions) or the sn-2 substituent (J-type ion). These findings were demonstrated with synthetic triacylglycerols and plant oils such as cocoa butter, olive oil, and castor bean oil. Typical features of 20 keV CID spectra of sodiated triacylglycerols obtained by MALDI-TOF/RTOF MS were an even distribution of product ions over the entire m/z range and a mass accuracy of +/-0.1 to 0.2 u. One limitation of the application of this technique is mainly the insufficient precursor ion gating after MS1 (gating window at 4 u) of species separated by 2 u.
Far from Home (2010)

Kerry Ford reflects on the experience of teaching a student from a remote aboriginal community who is far from home.
Dynamics of Cavity Polaritons in a GaAs Quantum-well Semiconductor Microcavity (2005)

To provide the dynamics of cavity polariton in semiconductor microcavity containing GaAs quantum-well, the dispersions of the three cavity polaritons have been given by the model of three coupled oscillators, meanwhile the linewidths, group velocities and the mass of the three cavity polaritons have been demonstrated. The results indicated that because of the weight occupied by the photon, heavy hole exciton and light hole extiton in the three cavity ploariton the cavity polaritons exhibited different dynamic behaviors.
Environmental Regulation of <i>Salmonella typhi</i> Invasion-Defective Mutants (1998)

Salmonella typhi is the etiologic agent of human typhoid. During infection, S. typhi adheres to and invades epithelial and M cells that line the distal ileum. To survive in the human host, S. typhi must overcome numerous complex extracellular and intracellular environments. Since relatively little is known about S. typhi pathogenesis, studies were initiated to identify S. typhi genes involved in the early steps of interaction with the host and to evaluate the environmental regulation of these genes. In the present study, TnphoA mutagenesis was used to study these early steps. We isolated 16 Salmonella typhi TnphoA mutants that were defective for both adherence and invasion of the human small intestinal epithelial cell line Int407. Twelve of sixteen mutations were identified in genes homologous to the S. typhimurium invG and prgH genes, which are known to be involved in the type III secretion pathway of virulence proteins. Two additional insertions were identified in genes sharing homology with the cpxA and damX genes from Escherichia coli K-12, and two uncharacterized invasion-deficient mutants were nonmotile. Gene expression of TnphoA fusions was examined in response to environmental stimuli. We found that the cpxA, invG, and prgH genes were induced when grown under conditions of high osmolarity (0.3 M NaCl). Expression of invG and prgH genes was optimal at pH 6.5 and strongly reduced at low pH (5.0). Transcription of both invG and prgH TnphoA gene fusions was initiated during the late logarithmic growth phase and was induced under anaerobic conditions. Finally, we show that both invG and prgH genes appear to be regulated by DNA supercoiling, a mechanism influenced by environmental factors. These results are the first to demonstrate that in S. typhi, (i) the prgH and cpxA genes are osmoregulated, (ii) the invG gene is induced under low oxygen conditions, (iii) the invG gene is pH regulated and growth phase dependent, and (iv) the prgH gene appears to be regulated by DNA supercoiling. Since our experimental conditions were designed to mimic the in vivo environmental milieu, our results suggest that specific environmental conditions act as signals to induce the expression of S. typhi invasion genes.
In Situ, Real Time Measurement of Aluminum, Steel, and Glass Melt Chemistries Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (2005)

Energy Research Company (ERCo), with support from DOE’s Industrial Technologies Program and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, has developed a Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) probe to measure, in real time and in-situ, the composition of aluminum, steel, and glass melts in a furnace at an industrial plant. The compositional data is provided to the operator continuously allowing the operator to adjust their melt composition, saving energy, increasing production, and maintaining tighter compositional tolerances than has been previously possible. A probe, containing two fiber optic cables, is placed in the melt at any location and depth. A laser is repetitively fired through one of the cables vaporizing a small amount of the melt, creating a plasma. The resulting radiated light passes through the other fiber optic cable to a spectrometer. The wavelength of the light uniquely identifies the element and its amplitude its concentration. Hence, elemental compositions are obtained. ERCo has developed a Calibrationless technique, where the LIBS system is operated without the need to calibrate and without the need for a skilled operator. Two commercial installations have been completed – one at Commonwealth Aluminum in Uhrichsville, OH and the other at PPG’s fiberglass plant in Chester, SC. This paper will present the results at these plants, including the energy savings, measurement accuracy, and precision.
Supervisory control of telerobots in unstructured environments (1991)

This paper presents a supervisory control concept for exploiting autonomous robot functionality in an unstructured environment. Through an effective man-machine dialogue, the operator uses human perceptual and planning abilities to assist the robot in acquiring a model of the environment. Once this structure is acquired, the operator instructs the robot on how to perform a task as a sequence of actions based on generic autonomous skills.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A short-impulse UWB BPSK transmitter for large-scale neural recording implants (2016)

In this paper, a short-impulse ultra-wide band (UWB) transmitter is introduced to enable large-scale neural recordings within miniature brain implants including thousands of channels. The proposed impulse radio UWB transmitter uses a BPSK modulation scheme, the carrier signal of which uses only two delayed impulses to encode the transmitted signal. The proposed UWB transmitter has been implemented into a CMOS 180 nm technology. It occupies 300 μm × 230 μm, and consumes only 6.7 pJ/bit from a 1.8-V supply. Experimental results show that the transmitter has a bandwidth of 2.6 GHz to 5.6 GHz and achieves a maximum data rate of 800 Mbps, which outperforms existing low-power UWB transmitters for similar applications.
Gallium-avid thymic hyperplasia in an adult after chemotherapy for hodgkin disease (1993)

This article presents the case of a 22-year-old patient with treated Hodgkin disease (HD) who had mediastinal widening on computed tomography scan after chemotherapy. This mass was gallium avid. These findings were explained by histologically documented benign thymic hyperplasia, the first such case reported in an adult with HD, to the knowledge of the authors. The literature on thymic hyperplasia after chemotherapy is reviewed.
Results of an ELISPOT Proficiency Panel Conducted in 11 Laboratories Participating in International Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vaccine Trials (2005)

We used an external quality assurance (EQA) panel to assess laboratory competency and comparability when performing ELISPOT assays in support of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine trials. Cell recovery, viability, and frequency of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-secreting cells after antigen stimulation were obtained from 11 laboratories on a coded panel of 11 peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples. The median recovery and viability before plating for all samples were 35% and 86%, respectively, with notable interlaboratory and intrasample variability. Empirical as well as statistical analysis methods were used to define positive ELISPOT responses. Remarkable concordance between laboratories was obtained in defining a qualitative assessment of responder/nonresponder status to antigens, but the frequency of responding cells varied among the laboratories. This study highlights the need for better standardization of protocols and reagents to obtain reliable and reproducible data that may support immunogenicity studies, vaccine regulatory submissions, and licensure.
Restlessness: The Anatomy of a Neuropsychiatric Symptom (1996)

The terms used to describe restlessness and related disorders should be standardised, and the clinical manifestations investigated pedantically. Human and animal studies should investigate the pathophysiology so that intervention can be based on the underlying mechanisms.
The immunology of the porcine skin and its value as a model for human skin (2014)

The porcine skin has striking similarities to the human skin in terms of general structure, thickness, hair follicle content, pigmentation, collagen and lipid composition. This has been the basis for numerous studies using the pig as a model for wound healing, transdermal delivery, dermal toxicology, radiation and UVB effects. Considering that the skin also represents an immune organ of utmost importance for health, immune cells present in the skin of the pig will be reviewed. The focus of this review is on dendritic cells, which play a central role in the skin immune system as they serve as sentinels in the skin, which offers a large surface area exposed to the environment. Based on a literature review and original data we propose a classification of porcine dendritic cell subsets in the skin corresponding to the subsets described in the human skin. The equivalent of the human CD141(+) DC subset is CD1a(-)CD4(-)CD172a(-)CADM1(high), that of the CD1c(+) subset is CD1a(+)CD4(-)CD172a(+)CADM1(+/low), and porcine plasmacytoid dendritic cells are CD1a(-)CD4(+)CD172a(+)CADM1(-). CD209 and CD14 could represent markers of inflammatory monocyte-derived cells, either dendritic cells or macrophages. Future studies for example using transriptomic analysis of sorted populations are required to confirm the identity of these cells.
Rosiglitazone improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (2004)

Rosiglitazone treatment significantly improved insulin resistance and reduced postchallenge glucose and insulin concentrations in patients with impaired glucose tolerance without remarkable effects on beta-cell secretory function.
Enzymic determination of acetaldehyde in blood (1958)

the Neuro8pora or bacterial mutants. In addition, it seems improbable on structural grounds that these benzenoid compounds would be inter- mediates in the synthesis of such hydroaromatic compounds as prephenic acid. It is not known at present whether vanillic acid is formed by methyl- ation of the 3-hydroxyl group of dehydroshikimic acid followed by dehydration, or by direct methyl- ation of protocatechuic acid. Gross et al. (1956) have shown that vanillic acid is a potent inducer of protocatechuic acid oxidase in Neuro8pora, and therefore it is of added interest that this compound occurs naturally in Neuro8pora. SUMMARY 1. Some strains of Neuro8pora showing a nutritional requirement for aromatic compounds have been obtained. Preparation of multiple mutants is described.
Inhibition of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> in vitro by human <i>gamma delta</i> T cells. (1994)

As assessed by flow cytometry, human gamma delta T cells were shown here to inhibit replication of blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum in vitro in a dose-dependent fashion; no other leukocyte population tested was suppressive. Replication of intraerythrocytic stages of the parasite (rings, trophozoites, and schizonts) was not affected by coculture with gamma delta T cells nor were erythrocytes damaged by this coculture, indicating that the targets recognized by gamma delta T cells are extracellular merozoites in transit to new host erythrocytes. Moreover, parasite inhibition requires contact between gamma delta T cells and merozoites. These findings suggest that gamma delta T cells may exert a protective effect in immunity to malaria.
Determination of optimum structure of 4H-SiC Trench MOSFET (2012)

A critical issue for the 4H-SiC UMOSFET is a shielding of the gate oxide at the bottom of the trench gate from the high electric field during the blocking state. This study develops the UMOSFET structure with low specific on-resistance and low electric field in the gate oxide by the two-dimensional numerical device simulation. The gate oxide field is successfully decreased without the degradation of the on-resistance by the structure with the buried p-base region. Furthermore, two-zone Superjunction structure that applies the buried p-base region is also proposed for the 3300 V device.
Wideband high-efficiency digital power amplifier in GaN (2017)

This work presents a wideband digital PA topology implemented in Gallium Nitride MMIC for a direct-digital RF transmitter. The topology employs a differential current mode driver and GaN inverter stage with active pull-up to drive an efficient switch-mode PA. By applying digital circuit design techniques in GaN, our approach enables wide-band digital drive of a switched-mode PA through pulse-width and pulse-position control. The approach is experimentally validated in a 0.2 pm GaN on SiC foundry process at C band. The digital PA operates over a 2.5–6.0 GHz range with total drain efficiency greater than 30%, final-stage drain efficiency yielded over 40%, and peak output power of 35.2 dBm.
Antinociceptive efficacy of levetiracetam in a mice model for painful diabetic neuropathy (2008)

Results obtained from the in vivo behavioral test lend support to the validation of the promising therapeutic potential of the novel antiepileptic agent LEV in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Brief aus Kleinasien (1902)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Designing a Graphical Domain-Specific Modelling Language Targeting a Filter-Based Data Analysis Framework (2010)

We demonstrate the application of a Model-Driven Software Development (MDSD) methodology using the example of an analysis framework designed for a data logging device in the field of vehicle testing. This mobile device is capable of recording the data traffic of automotive-specific bus systems like Controller Area Network (CAN), Local Interconnect Network (LIN), FlexRay and Media Orientied Systems Transport (MOST) in real-time. In order to accelerate the subsequent analysis of the tremendous amount of data, it is advisable to pre-filter the recorded log data on device, during the test-drive. To enable the test engineer of creating data analyses we built a component-based library on top of the languages System{C}/C++. Problematic with this approach is that still substantial programming knowledge is required for implementing filter algorithms, which is usually not the domain of a vehicle test engineer. In a next step we developed a graphical modelling language on top of our library and a graphical editor. The editor is able of verifying a model as well as of generating source code which eliminates the need of manually implementing a filter algorithm. In our contribution we show the design of the graphical language and the editor using the Eclipse platform and the Graphical Modelling Framework (GMF). We describe the automatic extraction of meta-information, such as available components, their interfaces and categorization annotations by parsing the library's C++ implementation with the help of Xtext. The editor will use that information to build a dedicated tool palette providing components that the designer can instantiate and interconnect using drag-and-drop.
Total Synthesis of (−)-Cylindrocyclophanes A and F Exploiting the Reversible Nature of the Olefin Cross Metathesis Reaction (2001)

Efficient total syntheses of the C(2)-symmetric (-)-cylindrocyclophanes A and F (1a and 1f) have been achieved. The initial strategy featured the use of a common advanced intermediate to assemble in stepwise fashion the required macrocycle of 1f, exploiting in turn a Myers reductive coupling followed by ring-closing metathesis. In a second-generation strategy, a remarkable cross olefin metathesis dimerization cascade was discovered and exploited to assemble the requisite [7,7]-paracyclophane macrocycles of both 1a and 1f from dienyl monomers. The successful syntheses also featured the effective use of the Danheiser annulation to construct substrates for both the Myers reductive coupling and the metathesis dimerizations strategies. Finally, the Kowalski two-step chain homologation of esters to siloxyalkynes proved superior over the original one-step protocol.
Interference by antiruthenium antibodies in the Roche thyroid-stimulating hormone assay (2011)

There are many causes of interference in immunoassays causing erratic patient results. A method-specific interference due to antiruthenium antibodies in Roche free thyroxine (fT4) and free triiodothyronine (fT3) assays has been described previously. As a result, a new generation fT4 assay has been introduced by Roche. We describe six cases of interference due to antiruthenium antibodies, where in four cases interference in the Roche thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) assay was found as well. This raised the question as to whether other assays on this platform would also give incorrect results in patients with antiruthenium antibodies. Interference due to antiruthenium antibodies was suspected because of discrepancies between clinical presentation and/or TSH, fT4 and fT3 results. Samples of these six patients were re-analysed in Roche Diagnostics Laboratory, where it was demonstrated that the found discrepancies were indeed caused by interfering antiruthenium antibodies. Subsequently, these patients were asked to donate some blood once more for further evaluation, and three subjects agreed to participate. Their plasma was used to assay 18 analytes on Modular E and on a ruthenium-independent platform. The results were compared taking into account the known differences between distinct methods. As expected, significant interference was found in TSH. Also, in the new generation fT4 assay, ruthenium-induced interference was still present. However, the other assays, both competitive and immunometric, did not show clear interference. We therefore conclude that although antiruthenium antibodies theoretically can interfere in all assays on the Modular E platform, this kind of interference is found in the thyroid hormone assays, without marked interference in the other assays.