gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sex hormones and trace elements in rat CCL4-induced cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (1993)

Several biochemical events accompany and mediate the development of chronic liver disease and its evolution into cancer. Low plasma zinc and high copper levels have been observed in various liver diseases, such as liver cirrhosis and viral hepatitis, while increased oestradiol levels have been documented in chronic liver damage and hepatocellular carcinoma. We administered CCL4 intragastrically to 10 female Sprague Dawley rats for 30 weeks. All animals developed cirrhosis and four also developed hepatocellular carcinoma. Plasma levels of zinc, copper and oestradiol were significantly higher in the latter group than in animals with simple cirrhosis. Progesterone, AST and bilirubin showed a trend toward significant differences whereas testosterone and ALP levels were unchanged. These findings add to the evidence that sex hormones and trace elements are involved in the process of the development of chronic liver damage and carcinogenesis.
Characterization of the Exosporium Basal Layer Protein BxpB of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> (2005)

Bacillus anthracis spores, the cause of anthrax, are enclosed by a prominent loose-fitting structure called the exosporium. The exosporium is composed of a basal layer and an external hair-like nap. The filaments of the hair-like nap are apparently formed by a single collagen-like glycoprotein called BclA, whereas several different proteins form or are tightly associated with the basal layer. In this study, we used immunogold electron microscopy to demonstrate that BxpB (also called ExsF) is a component of the exosporium basal layer. Binding to the basal layer by an anti-BxpB monoclonal antibody was greatly increased by the loss of BclA. We found that BxpB and BclA are part of a stable complex that appears to include the putative basal layer protein ExsY and possibly other proteins. Previous results suggested that BxpB was glycosylated; however, our results indicate that it is not a glycoprotein. We showed that DeltabxpB spores, which lack BxpB, contain an exosporium devoid of hair-like nap even though the DeltabxpB strain produces normal levels of BclA. These results indicated that BxpB is required for the attachment of BclA to the exosporium. Finally, we found that the efficiency of production of DeltabxpB spores and their resistance properties were similar to those of wild-type spores. However, DeltabxpB spores germinate faster than wild-type spores, indicating that BxpB suppresses germination. This effect did not appear to be related to the absence from DeltabxpB spores of a hair-like nap or of enzymes that degrade germinants.
DS/CDMA adaptive interference canceller on differential detection in fast fading channel (2002)

This paper proposes a multiple-access interference (MAI) canceller for direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS/CDMA) mobile radio communications, which can operate effectively in fast fading environments. The proposed canceller consists of a fractionally chip-spaced code-orthogonalizing filter (COF) and a differential detector. The COF adaptively makes its tap coefficients orthogonal to all other users' spreading codes by minimizing the mean squared error between the detected and decision signal. After the MAI cancellation, the differential detector removes fast phase variation in the desired carrier due to fading. The proposed adaptive interference canceller (AIC) only uses the desired spreading code and needs no information about other users. Thus, the AIC is practical for its simplicity and promising for future DS/CDMA mobile radio systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Endotoxaemia in racehorses following exertion. (1988)

Endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides-LPS) and anti-endotoxin IgG antibodies were measured in racehorses before and after races of 1,000, 2,000 and 2,800 m. Results show that the mean plasma concentration of endotoxin increased significantly (p less than 0.02) while the anti-LPS IgG concentration decreased significantly (p less than 0.005) in all horses following the races. Pre-race and post-race anti-LPS IgG levels in racing-fit racehorses were significantly higher than in untrained horses (p less than 0.05). The possibility therefore exists that training-induced stress leads to leakage of LPS into the systemic circulation which results in self-immunisation against LPS. The effects of plasma LPS and anti-LPS IgG concentrations on performance of racehorses require further studies.
Genetic Fuzzy Tree Based Node Moving Strategy of Target Tracking in Multimodal Wireless Sensor Network (2018)

Multimodal wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of variable types of sensor nodes can do many important applications, such as environment monitoring, health care, and target tracking. In this paper, we utilize the multimodal WSN to keep track of targets in 3-D space. All the nodes in the network are different. They can be pyroelectric infrared nodes, radio frequency nodes, nodes with cameras, and so on. Based on this, we assume each of them varies in battery, mobility, and target recognition performance. To achieve a better performance of target tracking in the multimodal WSN, we propose a node moving strategy. Genetic fuzzy tree is employed in this paper. It is a two-layer fuzzy tree system (FTS) optimized by the genetic algorithm. The first layer gives a score to each node and selects the moving nodes. The second layer then controls the moving distances. The Pittsburgh genetic algorithm is used to optimize the whole rule base and data base of the FTS. Simulation results prove that the tracking error can be reduced applying our approach.
Conservation of function and regulation within the Cdc28/cdc2 protein kinase family: characterization of the human Cdc2Hs protein kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1989)

Whereas the Cdc28 protein kinase of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae plays an essential role in cell cycle progression during the G1 interval, a function in the progression from the G2 interval into M phase has been inferred for its homologs, including the Cdc2Hs protein kinase of humans. To better understand these apparently disparate roles, we constructed a yeast strain in which the resident CDC28 gene was replaced by its human homolog, CDC2Hs. This transgenic yeast strain was able to perform the G1 functions attributed to the Cdc28 protein kinase, including the ability to grow and divide normally, to respond to environmental signals that induce G1 arrest, and to regulate the Cdc2Hs protein kinase appropriately in response to these signals.
Gleason Score 7 Prostate Cancer on Needle Biopsy: Relation of Primary Pattern 3 or 4 to Pathological Stage and Progression After Radical Prostatectomy (2011)

Our study further demonstrates that Gleason score 7 should not be considered a homogenous group for the purposes of disease management and prognosis.
The future of mobile cloud computing: Integrating cloudlets and Mobile Edge Computing (2016)

Extending the coverage area of mobile cloud computing services will allow new services to be provisioned to the mobile users. The main obstacle for achieving this goal is related to the deployments challenges and limitations of the Cloudlets system. Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) system emerged recently providing an opportunity to fill the gap of the Cloudlets system by providing resources-rich computing resources with proximity to the end users. In this paper, we are proposing a hierarchical model that is composed of MEC servers and Cloudlets infrastructures. The objective of the proposed model is to increase the coverage area for the mobile users in which the users can accomplish their requested services with minimal costs in terms of power and delay. An extensive experimental evaluation is conducted showing the superiority of the proposed model.
Permanent exposure of mucin-secreting HT-29 cells to benzyl-N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminide induces abnormal O-glycosylation of mucins and inhibits constitutive and stimulated MUC5AC secretion (1998)

Previous work has shown that treatment of HT-29 methotrexate (MTX) cells with benzyl-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminide results in profound changes in mucin oligosaccharide chains. To analyse in depth the effect of this drug, we first determined the structure of mucin oligosaccharide chains synthesized by HT-29 MTX cells and the changes induced by permanent drug exposure. Mucins from untreated cells contained nine monosialylated structures (core types 1, 2, 3 and 4) and four disialylated structures (types 1, 2 and 4). Core 1 structures predominated, in particular NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-3GalNAc-ol. Exposure of HT-29 MTX cells to benzyl-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminide from days 2-21 resulted in a decrease in intracellular mucins and both their sialic acid and galactose content, and an increased T (Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha-O-Ser/Thr) and Tn (GalNAcalpha-O-Ser/Thr) antigenicity. A 3-fold increase in both Galbeta1-3GalNAc alpha2, 3-sialyltransferase activity and mRNA expression was detected. At the ultrastructural level, T-antigen was not detectable in mucin droplets in control cells, but was strongly expressed in intracytoplasmic vesicles in treated cells. In these cells, MUC1 and MUC3 transcripts were up-regulated, whereas MUC2, MUC5B and MUC5AC were down-regulated. Furthermore, constitutive and secretagogue-induced MUC5AC secretion was reduced and no mucus layer was detected. In conclusion, benzyl-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminide induces abnormal O-glycosylation and altered regulation of MUC5AC secretion.
STUDIES ON NON-BIOLOGICAL HAZES OF BEERS VIII. RAPID ESTIMATION OF ANTHOCYANOGENS IN BEER (1959)

The anthocyanogens present in beers may be estimated rapidly, and with reason able accuracy, by adsorbing them on nylon and then converting them into anthocyanidins which can be measured colorimetrically.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>: Peierls or Mott-Hubbard? A view from band theory (1994)

The electronic and structural properties of ${\mathrm{VO}}_{2}$ across its metal-insulator transition are studied using the local-density approximation. Band theory finds a monoclinic distorted ground state in good agreement with experiment, and an almost open gap to charge excitations. Although rigid criteria for distinguishing correlated from band insulators are not available, these findings suggest that ${\mathrm{VO}}_{2}$ may be more bandlike than correlated.
Isolated Elevation of Diastolic Blood Pressure (1995)

Not infrequently, blood pressure measurement by the standard auscultatory technique yields a normal systolic pressure with an elevated diastolic pressure. The relatively narrow pulse pressure of such a measurement raises concern about the accuracy of the blood pressure measurement. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of auscultatory blood pressure measurements in patients with an uncommonly narrow pulse pressure, particularly patients with an elevated diastolic but normal systolic pressure. Auscultatory blood pressure measurements were compared with an objective noninvasive standard, called K2 analysis, which has been shown to be more accurate than the auscultatory technique. Blood pressure was measured simultaneously by auscultatory and K2 techniques in 175 subjects. Comparisons were performed (1) in the group as a whole, (2) in four clinical subgroups (normotensive [< 140/< 90 mm Hg, n = 69], hypertensive [> or = 140/> or = 90 mm Hg, n = 53], isolated systolic hypertensive [> or = 140/< 90 mm Hg, n = 38], and isolated diastolic hypertensive [< 140/> or = 90 mm Hg, n = 15]), and (3) in two subgroups whose ratio of pulse pressure to diastolic pressure was greater than or equal to 0.45 (n = 151) or less than 0.45 (n = 24). Subjects in the isolated diastolic hypertensive group and in the group with a pulse pressure ratio less than 0.45 were considered to have a narrow pulse pressure. In the group as a whole, consistent with previous auscultatory-K2 comparisons, systolic pressure was slightly higher and diastolic pressure slightly lower when measured by K2 versus the auscultatory technique (auscultatory, 145/85 mm Hg; K2, 147/83 mm Hg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An empirical evaluation of the Integrated Tower Operations Digital Data System (2009)

The integrated tower operations digital data system (I-TODDS), designed for use by ground and local control positions in airport traffic control towers (ATCTs), combines surface surveillance capabilities with electronic flight data management, weather information, digital taxi clearances, and taxiway conformance monitoring. I-TODDS uses a high-resolution touchscreen to simplify flight data management and reduce the controllers need to shift visual attention among disparate sources of information. I-TODDS reduces display clutter by showing only relevant information when needed but still preserving access to the full complement of flight data. Additional tools assist the controller in recording important information, timing operations, providing memory cues, and maintaining awareness of aircraft positions on the surface. This paper provides a basic description of I-TODDS and presents the results from a recent experiment. The experiment compared I-TODDS to current ATCT operations using paper flight progress strips and surface surveillance in zero-visibility operations. Sixteen current controllers served as participants. The results showed that I-TODDS reduced taxi-out operations by an average of 106 seconds per aircraft and reduced taxi-in operations by 35 seconds per aircraft. I-TODDS also produced an operationally significant reduction in the number and duration of departure delays while increasing the number of departures. Controllers thought that I-TODDS would have a positive effect on their ability to control airport traffic and I-TODDS may be able to support the Staffed NextGen Tower concept. The Federal Aviation Administration currently has a U.S. patent pending for the I-TODDS prototype.
Electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction of oxygen-containing nanocarbon synthesized by solution plasma (2014)

Oxygen-containing nanocarbon materials were successfully synthesized from a mixed solvent of benzene (BZ) and 1,4-dioxane (DO) by solution plasma. TEM observation demonstrated that the synthesized carbons had a diameter in the nanoscale range, their size increased with an increase in the DO content. XRD and Raman spectroscopy measurements revealed that the nanocarbon samples had the (002) characteristic plane of the turbostratic carbon phase and structural defect sites. XPS spectra showed that the nanocarbon sample synthesized from BZ100 consisted of hydroxyl/epoxide groups as the main surface functional groups on the sample surface, whereas the main surface functional groups of the nanocarbon samples synthesized from mixed solvents containing BZ and DO changed from hydroxyl/epoxide groups to carboxyl groups. The O content in the samples increased with an increase in the DO volume ratio in the mixed solvent. The electrocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanocarbon samples for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was investigated electrochemically using cyclic voltammograms (CVs) and linear sweep voltammograms (LSVs) in an O2-saturated 0.1 M KOH aqueous solution. It was found that the addition of DO to the mixed solvent could only influence the current density, whereas no significant change in the onset potential was observed. The order of the current density of the nanocarbon samples for the ORR was as follows: BZ90 + DO10 > BZ100 > BZ70 + DO30 > BZ50 + DO50. The number of electron transfers for the ORR of the nanocarbon samples estimated by Koutechy–Levich (K–L) plots was about three at low potentials, indicating the coexistence of two- and four-electron reduction of O2. The oxygen-containing functional groups formed on the carbon surface and structural defects seemed to play the key roles in enhancing the electrocatalytic activity for the ORR rather than the total oxygen content in the nanocarbon samples.
Informal prototyping of continuous graphical interactions by demonstration (2005)

Informal prototyping tools have shown great potential in facilitating the early stage design of user interfaces. How-ever, continuous interactions, an important constituent of highly interactive interfaces, have not been well supported by previous tools. These interactions give continuous visual feedback, such as geometric changes of a graphical object, in response to continuous user input, such as the movement of a mouse. We built Monet, a sketch-based tool for proto-typing continuous interactions by demonstration. In Monet, designers can prototype continuous widgets and their states of interest using examples. They can also demonstrate com-pound behaviors involving multiple widgets by direct ma-nipulation. Monet allows continuous interactions to be eas-ily integrated with event-based, discrete interactions. Con-tinuous widgets can be embedded into storyboards and their states can condition or trigger storyboard transitions. Monet achieves these features by employing continuous function approximation and statistical classification techniques, without using any domain specific knowledge or assuming any application semantics. Informal feedback showed that Monet is a promising approach to enabling more complete tool support for early stage UI design.
Dimerization of the core domain of the p53 family: A computational study (2009)

Computational models reveal the structural origins of cooperativity in the association of the DNA binding domains (DBD) of p53 (and its two homologues p63 and p73) with consensus DNA. In agreement with experiments they show that cooperativity, as defined by sequential binding of monomers to DNA is strong for p53 and weak for homologues p63 and p73. Computations also suggest that cooperativity can arise from the dimerization of the DBD prior to binding the DNA for all 3 family members. Dimerization between the DBDs is driven by packing interactions originating in residues of helix H1 and loop L3, while DNA binding itself is dominated by local and global electrostatics. Calculations further suggest that low affinity oligomerization of the p53 DBD can precede the oligomerization of the tetramerization domain (TD). During synthesis of multiple chains on the polysome, this may increase fidelity by reducing the possibility of the highly hydrophobic TD from nonspecific aggregation. Mutations have been suggested to test these findings.
An Iterative Stochastic Inverse Method: Conditional Effective Transmissivity and Hydraulic Head Fields (1996)

An iterative stochastic approach is developed to estimate transmissivity and head distributions in heterogeneous aquifers. This approach is similar to the classical cokriging technique; it uses a linear estimator that depends on the covariances of transmissivity and hydraulic head and their cross covariance. The linear estimator is, however, improved successively by solving the governing flow equation and by updating the covariances and cross‐covariance function of transmissivity and hydraulic head fields in an iterative manner. As a result the nonlinear relationship between transmissivity and head is incorporated in the estimation, and the estimated fields are approximate conditional means. The ability of the iterative approach is tested with some deterministic and stochastic inverse problems. The results show that the estimated transmissivity and hydraulic head fields have smaller mean square errors than those obtained by classical cokriging even in the aquifer with variance of transmissivity up to 3.
A Floating-Point Multiplexed DDA System (1976)

The design of a high-speed, high-accuracy floating-point digital differential analyzer (DDA) system is described. The advantages of a floating-point system are expounded. It is shown that the problem of module interconnection can be alleviated using matrix methods, and a practical implementation of a multiplexed system with a semiconductor fast data storage area is described.
Observations on the Development of the Male Gametophyte in Certain Monocots (1937)

In view of the extensive literature dealing with the various cytological and taxonomic aspects of Angiosperms it is rather surprising that a comprehensive study of themale gametophyte has apparently never been made. Certain isolated aspects of this subject, as the structure of the chromosomes during meiosis, chronological descriptions of the meiotic process, the asymmetry of the microspore mitosis, etc., have been worked out and commented upon in detail. Consequently these are omitted in this report. But since the development of the male gametophyte has received such scattered attention it is the purpose of this paper to give a coordinated presentation in regard to such easily observed features as vacuoles, refractive granules, cell walls, nuclear shape and volume, and cell size in its development in certain monocots and particularly in Tradescantia.
Increased fecundity resulting from semen donor selection based upon in vitro sperm motility (1997)

Semen donors were selected from a population of 100 roosters based upon the extent to which sperm penetrated 6% (wt/vol) Accudenz from an overlay of extended semen. Semen donors categorized by average or high sperm motility (n = 5 per phenotype) were ejaculated weekly, their ejaculates pooled by phenotype, and pooled semen extended. A subsample of each sperm suspension was overlaid on 6% (wt/vol) Accudenz in a cuvette, the cuvette was placed in a 41 C water bath, and the absorbance of the Accudenz layer was measured after a 5-min incubation. The remainder of the sperm suspension was inseminated (n = 55 hens per phenotype). Each hen was inseminated weekly with 50 x 10(6) sperm for 14 wk. The hatchability of eggs laid by hens inseminated with sperm from the high motility phenotype was 10% greater (P < or = 0.001) than that of hens inseminated with sperm from the average phenotype. The difference in fecundity was explicable in terms of fertility (P < or = 0.001). A replicate experiment tested the effect of sperm motility as well as insemination dose on fertility. Roosters were treated as above, and hens (n = 41 to 45 per phenotype) were inseminated weekly with 25, 50, or 100 x 10(6) sperm per hen for 3 wk. Two-way ANOVA detected a sperm motility effect (P < or = 0.0001) but did not detect a dose effect (P > or = 0.05) or a motility by dose interaction (P > or = 0.05). A posteriori comparison among means revealed that the maximal fertility obtained with sperm from average roosters was 9% less (P < or = 0.05) than that obtained with only 25% as many sperm from the high motility phenotype. These experiments demonstrated that the fecundity of artificially inseminated hens can be increased when sperm penetration of Accudenz is used as a selection criterion for semen donors.
Wideband and compact folded loop antenna (2005)

A simple and successful design method that yields a wideband and compact antenna without a ground plane is proposed. The antenna, referred to as the folded loop antenna, can, with the right parameters, achieve wideband characteristics. Calculated and measured results agree well and more than 50% bandwidth (return loss ≤−10 dB) is obtained.