gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation,Identification and Growth Characters of Bacillus coagulans Isolated from the Ponds (2009)

The Bacillus isolated from the shrimp(Penaeus anamnesis)ponds was identified as Bacillus coagulans(No.ZJ0519)by taxonomic identification,physiological and biochemical measurements.Furthermore,its growth characters and culture optimization was also studied.The results of the present research showed that the optimum temperature of ZJ0519 was 30～45℃ and the optimum initial pH was 6.0～7.0.Moreover,the strain ZJ0519 had widely accommodation ability and could culture at 0～30 salt concentration.Furthermore,metabolic organic acids of the strain ZJ0519 were analyzed and the results showed that lactic acid and acetic acid were major acids and the output of lactic acid could be up to(7.65 ± 0.14)g/L.It would be beneficial to the application of B.coagulans treated as probiotics in aquacultural ponds to improve the pond micro-environment.
Depletion of Acyl-Coenzyme A-Binding Protein Affects Sphingolipid Synthesis and Causes Vesicle Accumulation and Membrane Defects in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2001)

Deletion of the yeast gene ACB1 encoding Acb1p, the yeast homologue of the acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP), resulted in a slower growing phenotype that adapted into a faster growing phenotype with a frequency >1:10(5). A conditional knockout strain (Y700pGAL1-ACB1) with the ACB1 gene under control of the GAL1 promoter exhibited an altered acyl-CoA profile with a threefold increase in the relative content of C18:0-CoA, without affecting total acyl-CoA level as previously reported for an adapted acb1Delta strain. Depletion of Acb1p did not affect the general phospholipid pattern, the rate of phospholipid synthesis, or the turnover of individual phospholipid classes, indicating that Acb1p is not required for general glycerolipid synthesis. In contrast, cells depleted for Acb1p showed a dramatically reduced content of C26:0 in total fatty acids and the sphingolipid synthesis was reduced by 50-70%. The reduced incorporation of [(3)H]myo-inositol into sphingolipids was due to a reduced incorporation into inositol-phosphoceramide and mannose-inositol-phosphoceramide only, a pattern that is characteristic for cells with aberrant endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport. The plasma membrane of the Acb1p-depleted strain contained increased levels of inositol-phosphoceramide and mannose-inositol-phosphoceramide and lysophospholipids. Acb1p-depleted cells accumulated 50- to 60-nm vesicles and autophagocytotic like bodies and showed strongly perturbed plasma membrane structures. The present results strongly suggest that Acb1p plays an important role in fatty acid elongation and membrane assembly and organization.
TSH stimulates leptin secretion by a direct effect on adipocytes (2003)

Leptin is a circulating hormone secreted by adipose tIssue which acts as a signal to the central nervous system where it regulates energy homeostasis and neuroendocrine processes. Although leptin modulates the secretion of several pituitary hormones, no information is available regarding a direct action of pituitary products on leptin release. However, it has been pointed out that leptin and TSH have a coordinated pulsatility in plasma. In order to test a direct action of TSH on in vitro leptin secretion, a systematic study of organ cultures of human omental adipose tIssue was performed in samples obtained at surgery from 34 patients of both sexes during elective abdominal surgery. TSH powerfully stimulated leptin secretion by human adipose tIssue in vitro. In contrast, prolactin, ACTH, FSH and LH were devoid of action. These results suggest that leptin and the thyroid axis maintain a complex and dual relationship and open the possibility that plasmatic changes in TSH may contribute to the regulation of leptin pulses.
Biosensors for biomarkers in medical diagnostics (2008)

At present, most biomarker testing is taking place at centralised dedicated laboratories using large, automated analysers, increasing waiting time and costs. Smaller, faster and cheaper devices are highly desired for replacing these time-consuming laboratory analyses and for making analytical results available at the patient's bedside (point-of-care diagnostics). Innovative biosensor-based strategies could allow biomarkers to be tested reliably in a decentralised setting, although several challenges and limitations remain, which need to be improved, in the design and application of biosensors for the appropriate interpretation of the identified and quantified biomarkers. The development of biosensors is probably one of the most promising ways to solve some of the problems concerning the increasing need to develop highly sensitive, fast and economic methods of analysis in medical diagnostics. In this review, some consideration will be given to biosensors and their application in medical diagnostics, taking into account several crucial features.
Geometric and algebraic algorithms for modelling yarn in woven fabrics (2005)

This paper presents geometric and algebraic algorithms and relevant optimizing operators for 3D computer modelling of yarns in fabric. New algorithms and approaches are successfully employed to create more realistic and flexible geometry models with consideration of the differential and topological structure of yarns. By using asymptotic iterative approximation, we have developed a new algorithm for creating B-spline curves using periodic interpolation, where the actual curve shape passes through the control points of B-spline. The generator for irregular cross-sections of yarn in complex fabric structures is created with variability in both shape and size along the yarn path represented by combined spline curves, which allows the complicated shapes of yarn cross-sections in fabrics as the yarns are flattened by the compression at the crossovers. An algorithm of differential geometry is employed to track the vector of tangent orientation of the yarn path in 3D space to get the normal plane of yarn for creating the correct cross-section of yarn. The method described is demonstrated by the visualization of woven fabrics. The approach established can then be further generalized for more different and complicated fabrics (including braided fabrics and knitted fabrics) and 3D fabric. © The Textile Institute.
Structural study of novel antimicrobial peptides, nigrocins, isolated from <i>Rana nigromaculata</i> (2001)

Novel cationic antimicrobial peptides, named nigrocin 1 and 2, were isolated from the skin of Rana nigromaculata and their amino acid sequences were determined. These peptides manifested a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms with different specificity. By primary structural analysis, it was revealed that nigrocin 1 has high sequence homology with brevinin 2 but nigrocin 2 has low sequence homology with any other known antimicrobial peptides. To investigate the structure-activity relationship of nigrocin 2, which has a unique primary structure, circular dichroism (CD) and homonuclear nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) studies were performed. CD investigation revealed that nigrocin 2 adopts mainly an alpha-helical structure in trifluoroethanol (TFE)/H(2)O solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles, and dodecylphosphocholine micelles. The solution structures of nigrocin 2 in TFE/H(2)O (1:1, v/v) solution and in SDS micelles were determined by homonuclear NMR. Nigrocin 2 consists of a typical amphipathic alpha-helix spanning residues 3-18 in both 50% TFE solution and SDS micelles. From the structural comparison of nigrocin 2 with other known antimicrobial peptides, nigrocin 2 could be classified into the family of antimicrobial peptides containing a single linear amphipathic alpha-helix that potentially disrupts membrane integrity, which would result in cell death.
Magnetic anisotropy of IBS Ni films (1988)

The magnetic anisotropy in Ni films deposited on Pyrex glass substrates by different sputtering methods, i.e., ion beam sputtering (IBS), triode rf sputtering, and diode rf sputtering, was studied in relation to the internal stress in the films. Strong in-plane easy magnetic anisotropy (Ku=−4.9×105 erg/cm3) was observed in IBS Ni films. The average in-plane stress in the IBS film was estimated from the radius of convex curvature of the disk substrate as large as −1.2×1010 dyn/cm2 (a negative sign implies the compressive stress), which is due to the atomic peening effect by kinetic incident atoms during deposition. The stress-induced magnetic anisotropy is calculated to be about −1.2×106 erg/cm3, which is overwhelming to the observed magnetic anisotropy in the IBS Ni film. Positive Ku and tensile internal stress, one or two order of magnitude smaller in absolute values than that in IBS film, were observed in Ni films prepared by the other sputtering methods.
<i>Escherichia coli</i>K88ac Fimbriae Expressing Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable (STa) Toxin Epitopes Elicit Antibodies That Neutralize Cholera Toxin and STa Toxin and Inhibit Adherence of K88ac Fimbrial<i>E. coli</i> (2010)

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains are a major cause of diarrheal disease in humans and animals. Bacterial adhesins and heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins are the virulence determinants in ETEC diarrhea. It is believed that vaccines inducing anti-adhesin immunity to inhibit bacterial adherence and anti-toxin immunity to eliminate toxin activity would provide broad-spectrum protection against ETEC. In this study, an ETEC fimbrial adhesin was used as a platform to express LT and STa for adhesin-toxin fusion antigens to induce anti-toxin and anti-adhesin immunity. An epitope from the B subunit of LT toxin (LTP1, (8)LCSEYRNTQIYTIN(21)) and an STa toxoid epitope ((5)CCELCCNPQCAGCY(18)) were embedded in the FaeG major subunit of E. coli K88ac fimbriae. Constructed K88ac-toxin chimeric fimbriae were harvested and used for rabbit immunization. Immunized rabbits developed anti-K88ac, anti-LT, and anti-STa antibodies. Moreover, induced antibodies not only inhibited adherence of K88ac fimbrial E. coli to porcine small intestinal enterocytes but also neutralized cholera toxin and STa toxin. Data from this study demonstrated that K88ac fimbriae expressing LT and STa epitope antigens elicited neutralizing anti-toxin antibodies and anti-adhesin antibodies and suggested that E. coli fimbriae could serve as a platform for the development of broad-spectrum vaccines against ETEC.
The message flow model for routing in wormhole-routed networks (1995)

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to deadlock-free routing in wormhole-routed networks called the message flow model. This method may be used to develop deterministic, partially-adaptive, and fully-adaptive routing algorithms for wormhole-routed networks with arbitrary topologies. We first establish the necessary and sufficient condition for deadlock free routing, based on the analysis of the message flow on each channel. We then use the model to develop new adaptive routing algorithms for 2D meshes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer and Metabolic Risk for Atherosclerosis (2008)

Long-term prospective studies of ADT are needed to determine the timing of onset of these metabolic complications and to investigate the mechanism behind them. In the meantime, we recommend baseline and serial screening for fasting glucose, lipids, and other cardiovascular risk factors in men receiving ADT. Glucose tolerance tests and cardiac evaluation may be required in selected cases.
The performance status scale for head and neck cancer patients and the functional assessment of cancer therapy-head and neck scale: A study of utility and validity (1996)

The FACT-HNS was found to be reliable and valid when applied to head and neck cancer patients. It clearly adds information to that collected by the parent (core) instrument. The PSS-HN also provides unique information, independent of that provided by the Karnofsky or the FACT-H&N. This study supported the multidimensional nature of QL for head and neck cancer patients, and thus the importance of assessing disease specific concerns in addition to general health status when assessing functional and QL outcome.
A Discrete-Time Model for Triply Selective MIMO Rayleigh Fading Channels (2004)

A statistical discrete-time model is proposed for simulating wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channels which are triply selective due to angle spread, Doppler spread, and delay spread. The new discrete-time MIMO channel model includes the combined effects of the transmit filter, physical MIMO multipath channel fading, and receive filter, and it has the same sampling period as that of the MIMO receiver. This leads to very efficient simulation of physical continuous-time MIMO channels. A new method is also presented to efficiently generate the MIMO channel stochastic coefficients. The statistical accuracy of the discrete-time MIMO channel model is rigorously verified through theoretical analysis and extensive simulations in different conditions. The high computational efficiency of the discrete-time MIMO channel model is illustrated by comparing it to that of the continuous-time MIMO channel model. The new model is further employed to evaluate the channel capacity of MIMO systems in a triply selective Rayleigh fading environment. The simulation results reveal some interesting effects of spatial correlations, multipaths, and number of antennas on the MIMO channel capacity.
Picrophilus oshimae and Picrophilus torridus fam. nov., gen. nov., sp. nov., Two Species of Hyperacidophilic, Thermophilic, Heterotrophic, Aerobic Archaea (1996)

We describe two species of hyperacidophilic, thermophilic, heterotrophic, aerobic archaea that were isolated from solfataric hydrothermal areas in Hokkaido, Japan. These organisms, Picrophilus oshimae and Picrophilus torridus, represent a novel genus and a novel family, the Picrophilaceae, in the kingdom Euryarchaeota and the order Thermoplasmales. Both of these bacteria are more acidophilic than the genus Thermoplasma since they are able to grow at about pH 0.
Live imaging of root–bacteria interactions in a microfluidics setup (2017)

Plant roots play a dominant role in shaping the rhizosphere, the environment in which interaction with diverse microorganisms occurs. Tracking the dynamics of root-microbe interactions at high spatial resolution is currently limited because of methodological intricacy. Here, we describe a microfluidics-based approach enabling direct imaging of root-bacteria interactions in real time. The microfluidic device, which we termed tracking root interactions system (TRIS), consists of nine independent chambers that can be monitored in parallel. The principal assay reported here monitors behavior of fluorescently labeled <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> as it colonizes the root of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> within the TRIS device. Our results show a distinct chemotactic behavior of <i>B. subtilis</i> toward a particular root segment, which we identify as the root elongation zone, followed by rapid colonization of that same segment over the first 6 h of root-bacteria interaction. Using dual inoculation experiments, we further show active exclusion of <i>Escherichia coli</i> cells from the root surface after <i>B. subtilis</i> colonization, suggesting a possible protection mechanism against root pathogens. Furthermore, we assembled a double-channel TRIS device that allows simultaneous tracking of two root systems in one chamber and performed real-time monitoring of bacterial preference between WT and mutant root genotypes. Thus, the TRIS microfluidics device provides unique insights into the microscale microbial ecology of the complex root microenvironment and is, therefore, likely to enhance the current rate of discoveries in this momentous field of research.
Comprehensive coordination chemistry II: from biology to nanotechnology (2004)

Volume 1: Fundamentals: Ligands, Complexes, Synthesis, Purification, and Structure Volume 2: Fundamentals: Physical Methods, Theoretical Analysis, and Case Studies Volume 3: Coordination Chemistry of the s, p, and f Metals Volume 4: Transition Metal Groups 3-6 Volume 5: Transition Metal Groups 7 and 8 Volume 6: Transition Metal Groups 9-12 Volume 7: From the Molecular to the Nanoscale: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties Volume 8: Bio-coordination Chemistry Volume 9: Applications of Coordination Chemistry Volume 10: Indexes
Algorithms for ambiguity function processing (1981)

Calculation of the complex ambiguity function is viewed as the basis for joint estimation of the differential delay and differential frequency offset between two waveforms that contain a common component plus additive noise. In many applications, the required accuracy leads to a need for integration over long data sets that can become a challenge for near real-time digital processing. The nature of the ambiguity processing is interpreted, and an algorithm approach is shown that minimizes the processing burden over a broad category of applications without affecting performance.
Barnyardgrass (<i>Echinochloa crus-galli</i>) and Bearded Sprangletop (<i>Leptochloa fascicularis</i>) Control in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) (1991)

Field experiments were conducted to compare efficacy of BAS 514, bromoxynil, fenoxaprop, sethoxydim, and triclopyr with standard herbicides for barnyardgrass and bearded sprangletop control in rice at four locations. Sequential applications of BAS 514 and fenoxaprop, or propanil and sethoxydim consistently controlled barnyardgrass and bearded sprangletop as well as or better than standard treatments of propanil, thiobencarb, or pendimethalin alone or combined; and rice so treated produced high yields. BAS 514 applied postemergence alone, BAS 514 applied sequentially with sethoxydim, or BAS 514 tank mixed with propanil controlled barnyardgrass but not bearded sprangletop. Bromoxynil or triclopyr tank mixed with fenoxaprop or sethoxydim antagonized activity on barnyardgrass and bearded sprangletop. Combinations of fenoxaprop with BAS 514 or propanil consistently provided barnyardgrass and bearded sprangletop control and high yields.
<i>mdr-1</i>Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Ovarian Cancer Tissue: G2677T/A Correlates with Response to Paclitaxel Chemotherapy (2006)

The mdr-1 polymorphism G2677T/A in exon 21 correlates with the paclitaxel response in ovarian cancer and may be important for the function of P-glycoprotein and resistance to paclitaxel and provide useful information for individualized therapy.
A proximity touch screen using mutual capacitance measurement (2016)

Touch screens are a common human interface for smartphones, tablet PCs, and other electronics. Most touch screens detect the contact position of a finger. We proposed a proximity touch screen that uses separation-type electrodes with mutual capacitance measurement to improve functionality. In this paper, we describe a prototype proposed proximity touch screen using indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The prototype touch screen detects an object and its position before contact (within the proximity range). We think that the proposed proximity touch screen will be a functional and useful interface.
High Efficiency, Homology-Directed Genome Editing in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Using CRISPR-Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein Complexes (2015)

Homology-directed repair (HDR) of breaks induced by the RNA-programmed nuclease Cas9 has become a popular method for genome editing in several organisms. Most HDR protocols rely on plasmid-based expression of Cas9 and the gene-specific guide RNAs. Here we report that direct injection of in vitro-assembled Cas9-CRISPR RNA (crRNA) trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA) ribonucleoprotein complexes into the gonad of Caenorhabditis elegans yields HDR edits at a high frequency. Building on our earlier finding that PCR fragments with 35-base homology are efficient repair templates, we developed an entirely cloning-free protocol for the generation of seamless HDR edits without selection. Combined with the co-CRISPR method, this protocol is sufficiently robust for use with low-efficiency guide RNAs and to generate complex edits, including ORF replacement and simultaneous tagging of two genes with fluorescent proteins.
Visual texture analysis (1970)

Differentiation between the coarsenesses of samples of a given texture may be successfully effected using any of the following measures: (1) Amount of edge per unit area, (2) Self-match (as measured by sum of absolute differences) over a unit shift, (3) Gray value dependency, and (4) Number of relative extrema per unit area.
Ultrasonic Joining of Polytetrafluoroethylene Sheets Using a Lateral Face of Rod Vibrating Longitudinally at 19 kHz (1996)

Ultrasonic joining of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE; Teflon T M ) sheets using a lateral face of a rod vibrating longitudinally at 19 kHz is studied. We joined two PTFE sheets 0.3–0.8 mm thick using a 19 kHz longitudinal-mode joining system having a 10 mm×80 mm joining area. The joining tool was a straight bar vibrating longitudinally at 19 kHz. The lateral face of the bar could rub the PTFE face strongly. The temperature rise caused by the rubbing was high enough to enable joining. Joining was accomplished in 3–5 s. The maximum joint strength of sheets 0.5 mm thick was 2.4 MPa under the condition that static pressure was 6 MPa and joining time was 10 s.
FGFR1 Signaling Stimulates Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Inhibiting the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors p21Waf1 and p27Kip1 (2013)

Signaling through fibroblast growth factor receptor one (FGFR1) is a known inducer of proliferation in both embryonic and human adult mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and positively regulates maintenance of stem cell viability. Leveraging the mitogenic potential of FGF2/FGFR1 signaling in stem cells for therapeutic applications necessitates a mechanistic understanding of how this receptor stimulates cell cycle progression. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) depletion, antibody-inhibition, and small molecule inhibition, we establish that FGFR1 activity is rate limiting for self-renewal of hMSCs. We show that FGFR1 promotes stem cell proliferation through multiple mechanisms that unite to antagonize cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. FGFR1 not only stimulates c-Myc to suppress transcription of the CDK inhibitors p21(Waf1) and p27(Kip1), thus promoting cell cycle progression but also increases the activity of protein kinase B (AKT) and the level of S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2), resulting in the nuclear exclusion and reduction of p21(Waf1). The in vivo importance of FGFR1 signaling for the control of proliferation in mesenchymal progenitor populations is underscored by defects in ventral mesoderm formation during development upon inhibition of its signaling. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that FGFR1 signaling mediates the continuation of MSC growth and establishes a receptor target for enhancing the expansion of mesenchymal progenitors while maintaining their multilineage potential.