gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Standardized Expression of <sup>18</sup>F-NAV4694 and <sup>11</sup>C-PiB β-Amyloid PET Results with the Centiloid Scale (2016)

The results for both (11)C-PiB and (18)F-NAV4694 can now be expressed in centiloids, an important step that should allow better clinical and research use of Aβ imaging. The standard centiloid method also showed that (18)F-NAV4694 has slightly higher Aβ binding and lower variance than (11)C-PiB, important properties for detecting early Aβ deposition and change over time.
Surfactant-Directed Multiple Anisotropic Gold Nanostructures: Synthesis and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (2009)

A facile and effective method for the synthesis of gold nanostructures using beta-cyclodextrin in aqueous alkaline medium is reported. The results demonstrate that leaf-like, rugged, dendritic, and tadpole-shaped gold nanostructures are obtained with high yield for the first time under the same experimental conditions by using four different surfactants. To study the effect of surfactant on the shape of the nanoparticles, the experiments were also carried out in the absence of surfactant and in the presence of poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone). The growth process of the dendritic gold nanostructures formed was investigated by withdrawing samples from the heated solution and examining the intermediate products formed by transmission electron microscopic analysis. The formation mechanism of the anisotropic gold nanostructures is discussed, and it is demonstrated that the cooperative effect of cyclodextrin and the surfactant molecules determines the ultimate morphology of the gold nanostructures obtained. In addition, the effect of the as-prepared nanostructures as an active material in surface-enhanced Raman scattering has been investigated by employing 4-aminothiophenol as a probe molecule. Thus, different enhancement signals are obtained for the different nanostructures; the dendritic nanostructures showed the strongest intensity of the SERS signals and smallest for the leaf-like nanostructures.
Type VIII adenylyl cyclase. A Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated enzyme expressed in discrete regions of rat brain. (1994)

A cDNA that encodes type VIII adenylyl cyclase has been isolated from two rat brain libraries. The open reading frame encodes a 1248-amino acid protein predicted to have two sets of six transmembrane spans and two putative nucleotide binding domains as is characteristic of other mammalian adenylyl cyclases. Two type VIII messages are detected in rat brain with estimated sizes of 5.5 and 4.4 kilobases. In situ hybridization indicates that the type VIII messages are most abundantly expressed in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus, the pyramidal cells of hippocampal fields CA1-CA3, the entorhinal cortex, and the piriform cortex. Hybridization is also detected in the neocortex, the amygdaloid complex, and regions of the thalamus and hypothalamus. Stable expression of the type VIII cDNA in human embryonal kidney cells leads to the appearance of a novel 165-kDa glycoprotein in the membrane fraction. Stimulation of these cells with agents that increase intracellular Ca2+ results in up to 43-fold increases in cAMP accumulation over that of control cells transfected with the expression vector. Addition of isoproterenol alone does not lead to type VIII-specific effects in intact cells. Adenylyl cyclase activity in membranes prepared from type VIII-transformed cells is stimulated up to 40-fold by the addition of Ca2+/calmodulin (EC50 = 53 nM calmodulin). The addition of activated recombinant alpha subunit of Gs synergistically increases the Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated activity. A possible role for type VIII adenylyl cyclase in long-term potentiation is discussed.
Coordinate regulation of mouse metallothionein I and II genes by heavy metals and glucocorticoids. (1985)

Regulation of the endogenous mouse metallothionein I and II (MT-I and MT-II) genes by heavy metals and glucocorticoids was studied in cultured mouse cells. Both mRNAs were measured simultaneously by solution hybridization with [3H]MT-I cDNA and [32P]MT-II cDNA, and the absolute amount of each mRNA was calculated by using a single-stranded M13 standard that contained both mRNA sequences. Both genes responded identically to different concentrations of metals (zinc, cadmium, and copper) and dexamethasone. Furthermore, the time courses of induction of both mRNAs were the same. However, under all conditions there was 1.2- to 1.9-fold more MT-I mRNA than MT-II mRNA. We conclude that both genes are regulated identically by receptors for glucocorticoids and metals but that the rate of transcription from the MT-I gene is slightly higher than from the MT-II gene.
Corrigendum: Error field correction in DIII-D Ohmic plasmas with either handedness (2012)

Please see the PDF file for details.
American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy 14th Annual Meeting (2011)

The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy's 13th Annual Meeting, held in Washington, DC, included topics covering new developments in the field of gene therapy. This conference report highlights selected presentations on adenoviral therapies for the treatment of cancer, HIV immunotherapies and gene/cell therapies for the treatment of genetic disorders. Investigational drugs discussed include the TAG vaccine and INGN-007 (both Gradalis Inc), AdCD40L (Uppsala University), Ad5-SSTR/TK-RGD (University of Alabama at Birmingham), CGTG-102 (Oncos Therapeutics Ltd) and lexgenleucel-T (VIRxSYS Corp).
Analysis of Disulfide Bond Formation (1996)

In this unit, protocols are provided for detection of disulfide bond formation in cultures of intact cells and in an in vitro translation system containing isolated microsomes. First, the newly synthesized protein of interest is biosynthetically labeled with radioactive amino acids in a short pulse. The labeled protein is then chased with unlabeled amino acids. At different times during the chase, a sample is collected, membranes are lysed with detergent, and the protein is isolated by immunoprecipitation, as described. A support protocol is provided for analysis of disulfide bonds in the immunoprecipitates by SDS-PAGE with and without prior reduction. The difference in mobility observed between the gels with unreduced and reduced samples is due to disulfide bonds in the unreduced protein.
Exceptional activity of tannic acid among naturally occurring plant phenols in protecting against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-, benzo(a)pyrene-, 3-methylcholanthrene-, and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced skin tumorigenesis in mice. (1988)

Our recent studies have shown that naturally occurring dietary plant phenols such as tannic acid, quercetin, myricetin, and anthraflavic acid are capable of inhibiting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolism and subsequent PAH-DNA adduct formation in epidermis of SENCAR mice (M. Das, et al., Cancer Res., 47: 760-766, 1987, and 47: 767-773, 1987). In this study these plant phenols were tested for their effects against PAHs and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced skin tumorigenesis in mice. Each plant phenol was evaluated as a possible anticarcinogen in an initiation and promotion and a complete skin tumorigenesis protocol. In the two-stage tumor protocol in SENCAR mice using 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea as the initiating agent followed by twice weekly applications of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate as tumor promoter each plant phenol afforded significant protection against skin tumorigenicity. The protective effects were verified both by prolongation of latency period and by subsequent tumor development. In the complete carcinogenesis protocol in BALB/c mice using 3-methylcholanthrene as a tumorigen the applications of each of the plant phenols 30 min prior to each PAH application afforded significant protection by delaying the onset and the subsequent development of skin tumors. Our results suggest that these plant phenols have substantial though variable potential for modifying the risk of skin tumorigenicity induced by a wide variety of chemicals and of these tannic acid was shown to have maximal chemoprotective effects.
High Quality GaN Layers Grown by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition on Si(111) Substrates (1999)

GaN layers are grown onto silicon (111) substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor phase deposition (MOCVD). The X-ray and photoluminescence spectra as well as the surface morphologies of the layers are comparable to the characteristics of GaN layers grown on sapphire substrates. Linewidths of 610 arcsec in the case of the GaN(0002) reflection in the X-ray ω-scan and 13 meV at 10 K for the dominant excitonic photoluminescence at 3.44 eV as well as a surface roughness below 2 nm (rms) are observed. The high quality has been achieved by a careful optimization of AlAs/AlN buffer layers on the Si substrates.
Bacillus subtilis ResA Is a Thiol-Disulfide Oxidoreductase involved in Cytochrome c Synthesis (2003)

Covalent attachment of heme to apocytochromes c in bacteria occurs on the outside of the cytoplasmic membrane and requires two reduced cysteinyls at the heme binding site. A constructed ResA-deficient Bacillus subtilis strain was found to lack c-type cytochromes. Cytochrome c synthesis was restored in the mutant by: (i) in trans expression of resA; (ii) deficiency in BdbD, a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase that catalyzes formation of an intramolecular disulfide bond in apocytochrome c after transfer of the polypeptide across the cytoplasmic membrane; or (iii) by addition of the reductant dithiothreitol to the growth medium. In vivo studies of ResA showed that it is membrane-associated with its thioredoxin-like domain on the outside of the cytoplasmic membrane. Analysis of a soluble form of the protein revealed two redox reactive cysteine residues with a midpoint potential of about -340 mV at pH 7. We conclude that ResA, probably together with another thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase, CcdA, is required for the reduction of the cysteinyls in the heme binding site of apocytochrome c.
Protection and Enhancement of Hearing in Noise (2006)

Humans are subjected to noise in many occupational, military, transportation, recreational, and other settings, sometimes with attendant ill effects. Some noises may pose the threat of inducing hearing loss; most noises compromise one's ability to hear signals and other desirable sounds, as well as to communicate via speech. In this chapter, we review the role of noise in human hearing impairment and its effects on signal audibility and speech intelligibility, task performance, and nonauditory responses. Particular emphasis is paid to the needs of the human factors/ergonomics practitioner who is confronted with the objective of protecting individuals' hearing in noise, designing signals so that they are audible and recognizable, and in general, optimizing the use of the auditory sense under poor acoustic conditions. In addition to providing guidance and consensus standards for auditory danger signal design, we provide a review of new technologies in augmented hearing protection. These technologies are aimed at protecting the user's hearing in noise from injury while affording improved audibility for certain applications.
Javier Uriarte. The Desertmakers: Travel, War, and the State in Latin America. Nueva York/Londres: Routledge, 2020, 306 pp. (2020)

Javier Uriarte. The Desertmakers: Travel, War, and the State in Latin America. Nueva York/Londres: Routledge, 2020, 306 pp.
Detection and Quantification of Asymmetric Lipid Vesicle Fusion Using Deuterium NMR (1997)

It is demonstrated that deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (2H NMR) spectroscopy can be used to detect and to quantify fusion between anionic giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) and cationic small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs). The sensitivity to fusion relies on the conformational response of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) to changes in membrane surface electrostatic charge due to lipid mixing upon fusion. This conformational change is reported in the 2H NMR spectrum as a change in the quadrupolar splitting from choline-deuterated POPC. GUVs were composed of varying molar ratios of the anionic lipid 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (POPG), plus cholesterol (CHOL), plus POPC. SUVs were composed of the cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(dimethylammonio)-propane (DODAP), plus POPC with or without 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE). Using a quantitative model that relates the 2H NMR quadrupolar splitting to the mole fractions of cationic, anionic, and neutral lipids in the vesicle membrane, it was possible to deduce the extent of fusion between the two oppositely-charged vesicle populations directly from the quadrupolar splitting. SUVs composed of DODAP + POPC + POPE (40/40/20) fused 100% with GUVs composed of POPC + CHOL + POPG (60/30/10). Removing POPE from the SUVs reduced the extent of fusion, as did reducing the POPG content of the GUVs.
Synthesis, QSAR, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Amidino-substituted Benzimidazoles as Dipeptidyl Peptidase III Inhibitors (2015)

A molecular modeling study is performed on series of benzimidazol-based inhibitors of human dipeptidyl peptidase III (DPP III). An eight novel compounds were synthesized in excellent yields using green chemistry approach. This study is aimed to elucidate the structural features of benzimidazole derivatives required for antagonism of human DPP III activity using Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis, and to understand the mechanism of one of the most potent inhibitor binding into the active site of this enzyme, by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The best model obtained includes S3K and RDF045m descriptors which have explained 89.4 % of inhibitory activity. Depicted moiety for strong inhibition activity matches to the structure of most potent compound. MD simulation has revealed importance of imidazolinyl and phenyl groups in the mechanism of binding into the active site of human DPP III.
Monochromatic Depolarizer Based on Liquid Crystal (2019)

Polarization is a very useful parameter of a light beam in many optical measurements. Improvement of holographic systems requires optical elements which need a diffused and depolarized light beam. This paper describes a simple monochromatic depolarizer based on a pure vertically aligned liquid crystal without pretilt. In this work we present an extended description of depolarizer by analyzing its electro-optic properties measured in spatial and time domains with the use of crossed polarizers and polarimetric configurations. Crossed polarizers set-up provides information on spatial and temporal changes of microscopic textures while polarimetric measurement allows to measure voltage and time dependence of degree of polarization. Three different thicknesses, i.e., 5 μm, 10 μm and 15 μm have been manufactured in order to analyze another degree of freedom for this type of depolarizer device based on a liquid crystals’ material. Consideration of the light scattering capability of the cell is reported.
Dimere Naphthochinone, V. 3′,4′‐Dihydro‐4,6′‐dimethoxyspiro[naphthalin‐2(1<i>H</i>),2′‐[2<i>H</i>]‐naphtho[1,2‐<i>b</i>]pyran]‐1‐on; Bildung und Thermolyseprodukte eines ungewöhnlichen Spirochinolethers (1982)

Abstract Der aus 4‐Methoxy‐2‐methyl‐1‐naphthol ( 3a ) durch Oxidation leicht zugängliche reaktive Spirochinolether 6 ergibt bereits unter milden Bedingungen sechs Thermolyseprodukte, deren Bildung sich durch eine homolytische öffnung des Dihydropyranringes in 6 erklären läßt. Eins der Produkte, das Bis‐ o ‐chinonmethid 15 , das ungewöhnliche Eigenschaften aufweist, geht in der Wärme durch [ π 4 s + π 4 a ]‐Cycloaddition in das isomere Furo[3,2‐ b ]furan 17 über.
Prevalence of coronavirus antibodies in Iowa swine. (1997)

Three hundred and forty-seven serum samples from 22 Iowa swine herds were screened for TGEV/PRCV neutralizing antibody. Ninety-one percent of the sera and all 22 herds were positive. These sera were then tested by the blocking ELISA test to distinguish TGEV and PRCV antibody. The ELISA test confirmed the high percentage of TGEV/PRCV positive sera. By the blocking ELISA test, 12 herds were PRCV positive, 6 herds were TGEV positive and 4 herds were mixed with sera either positive for TGEV or PRCV antibody. The results suggest a recent increase in TGEV/PRCV seroprevalence in Iowa swine most likely due to subclinical PRCV infections.
<title>The Light Beam Profiler--Past, Present, And Future</title> (1981)

Some of you attended the workshop on "Replication Technology" which was sponsored by M.I.T. in January, 1979. On that occasion, I reviewed the early work which led up to the recent, renewed interest in photo-sculpture. I was pleasantly surprised at the favorable response to that presentation and for today's seminar I thought I would take a similar approach to a closely related subject. My topic is somewhat narrower, but I hope it will be interesting and instructive to trace the origins of a simple but rather elegant technique for 3-D sensing--light beam profiling--and examine the current status and future pros-pects for this relatively inexpensive, but quite versatile technology.
Kupferadsorption an Gold‐ und Silberelektroden (1971)

Abstract Die Untersuchung des Abscheidungsverhaltens von Cu 2+ an Gold‐ und Silberelektroden aus Perchlorat‐ und Sulfatlösung mittels elektroanalytischer Dünnschichtverfahren zeigt, daß im Unterspannungsgebiet des Cu/Cu 2+ ‐Gleichgewichts an beiden Substraten Kupferadsorbate gebildet werden. Die Ladungsstöchiometrie der Adsorption entspricht im Rahmen der Meßgenauigkeit einer Neutralisation des adsorbierten Cu 2+ . Die potentialabhängige Oberflächenkonzentration erreicht beim System Cu 2+ /Au etwa eine monoatomare Belegung. Eine Unterscheidung adsorptiver und Faradayscher, durch die Cu 2+ /Cu + ‐Umladung bedingter Ladungsumsätze ist mit Hilfe einer Zweielektroden‐Methode möglich.
A Robust Method To Identify Faults In Correlated Sensors In Machine Condition Monitoring (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
End-to-End Transport Security in the IP-Based Internet of Things (2012)

The IP-based Internet of Things refers to the interconnection of smart devices in a Low-power and Lossy Network (LLN) with the Internet by means of protocols such as 6LoWPAN or CoAP. The mechanisms to protect the LLN from attacks from the Internet and provisioning of an end-to-end (E2E) secure connection are key requirements for functionalities ranging from network access to software updates. Interconnecting such resource constrained devices with high-performance machines requires new security mechanisms that cannot be covered by already known solutions. This paper describes attacks at transport layer against the LLN launched from the Internet. It also introduces approaches to ensure E2E security between two devices located in homogeneous networks using either HTTP/TLS or CoAP/DTLS by proposing a mapping between TLS and DTLS.
Specificity considerations in cooperative immunoassays. (1984)

Mixtures of some monoclonal antibodies form circular antibody-antigen complexes, which facilitates their ability to bind antigen. This effect forms the basis of a potentially very sensitive assay procedure, the cooperative immunoassay (CIA). Unlike other immunoassays, in which binding can be characterized by a simple "binding constant," the binding of antigen by two antibodies in a CIA depends on several binding parameters, including the affinity of each antibody for antigen as well as the tendency of the reactants to form a circular complex. The ability of the CIA to distinguish between two similar molecules depends on the relative affinity of the antibodies for each antigen and on the ability of the antigens to participate in forming a circular complex. To study the binding of antibody mixtures to cross-reacting antigens, we devised a mathematical model to account for all possible antibody-antigen complexes, including those composed of circular complexes; however, we limited this model to the case in which one antibody was adsorbed to a solid phase. We illustrate here both theoretically and experimentally that a mixture of two antibodies in a CIA may have increased or decreased specificity, if circular complexes containing one or two molecules of cross-reacting antigen are formed. We discuss simple practical considerations that can help optimize specificity and sensitivity of solid-phase assays involving two monoclonal antibodies.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2A (2014)

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A associated with MFN2 mutations is clinically very heterogeneous. Ranging from a mild to a severe form, CMT2A exhibits various types of transmission. Optic atrophy and vocal cord palsy were observed in patients with severe disability and an early-onset form and also in patients with later onset. Hydromyelia and spinal cord atrophy support central nervous system involvement in CMT2A.
Design of a 1.5 V output voltage on-board DC/DC converter with magnetic components integrated in a multilayer PCB (2002)

Computer and telecommunication systems tend to demand lower supply voltages than 3.3 V. This fact raises the challenge of obtaining high efficiency DC/DC power converters with low output voltage. The authors have implemented a compact power converter with an output voltage of 1.5 V. The output power is 5 W and the power converter has been provided with galvanic isolation between input and output sides. The windings of the magnetic components are directly integrated in the PCB, which allows a reduction in size. Self-driven synchronous rectification allows one to obtain very high efficiency (81.2% at nominal conditions, 85.3% maximum) for such a low output voltage.
Monolithically integrated 30-wavelength DFB laser array (2009)

To our knowledge, this is the first report of a monolithically integrated distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor laser array based on reconstruction-equivalent-chirp (REC) technology. A laser bar with 30 different lasers is obtained, lasing at 30 different wavelengths under single longitudinal mode. The typical threshold is about 40mA to 60mA. The typical slope efficiency is about 0.07 mW/mA to .13 mW/mA. Tested under the injection current of 100mA, the side mode suppression ratios (SMSR) range from 24.9dB to 46.8 dB, with an average of 37.2dB. The proposed method is presented in hoping to make a positive contribution to large-scale photonics integrated circuits (PIC) research for the nextgeneration fiber-optic networks.
Stabilisation of trypsin-like enzymes from antarctic krill: Effect of polyols, polysaccharides and proteins (1996)

The stabilisation of trypsin-like enzymes purified from krill processing wastewater was studied using different proteins, polyols and polysaccharides. The effect of the different stabilisers was evaluated both in solution and in dry samples of the enzymes. In 40% (w/v) stabiliser solutions, the increase in half-life of enzyme activity followed the pattern: sorbitol > xylitol > glycerol > sucrose > maltodextrins, when polyols and polysaccharides were used. In 3% (w/v) protein solutions, the stabilising effect followed the order: hydrolysed collagen > bovine serum albumin > casein. The best result was obtained in a 50% (w/v) sorbitol solution where a 12-fold half-life increase was achieved. Different mechanisms of stabilisation were observed for these two groups of substances. In 50% (w/w) dry enzyme/stabiliser mixtures, the increase in half-life of krill trypsin-like enzymes was: maltodextrins > sucrose > sorbitol > mannitol > xylitol. Dry samples were also prepared by coprecipitation of the enzyme/stabiliser mixture with 95% ethanol, followed by oven drying of the coprecipitates. Under these conditions, the modified maltodextrin PSM 10 (Reppe-Glykos AB, Sweden) gave the best result with a 25-fold half-life increase. The relevance of this result for the industrial application of krill trypsin-like enzymes is discussed.