gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigations of methane and methane-steam reactions in an argon arc plasma / (1964)

This dissertatio n has been 64-12,709 m ic ro film e d exactly as received HU A STO N , Robert Joseph, 1931-The average energy distribution, based upon total energy input, at 95 percent confidence level for methane reaction was: 9*01 +_ 0.55% to the cathode* 66.89 + 0.45% to anode A, 2.49 +_ 0.68% to anode B, 4.82 +_ 0.60% to quench and 16.71 + 1.20% to chemical reaction and losses.Reaction temperatures were calculated from thermodynamics assuming an instantaneous mixed mean temperature of argon and methane.Material balances were obtained which checked to + _ 10 mole percent on a carbon basis.The degree of mixing between the argon tailflame and methane was found to have a significant effect upon methane conversions.Attempts were made to show the regions and conditions where the reaction was fully mixed or diffusion-controlled.The argon-methane-steam system worked best at about a 2:1:4 mole ratio combination.About 0.3 SCFM of methane and 0.06 pounds per minute of steam were used.Methane conversions and carbon monoxide yields both peaked at 65-70 mole percent levels.Temperatures of 1000-4000R were tried.The following average energy distribution, based upon total energy input, at 95 percent confidence level was obtained: 8.38 +_ 0.46% to cathode, 58.39 + 0.95% to anode A, 3.66 -f 0.45% to anode B, 14.13 + 4.38% to quench, and 15.44 2.38% to chemical reaction and losses.The methane-steam reaction was correlated with the help of the methane-oxygen flame kinetics.Approximate considerations indicate possibly that the hydroxyl decomposition to water plus atomic oxygen is rate limiting.
A Digest of Recent Israeli Cases (1969)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Platelets actively sequester angiogenesis regulators (2008)

Clinical trials with antiangiogenic agents have not been able to validate plasma or serum levels of angiogenesis regulators as reliable markers of cancer presence or therapeutic response. We recently reported that platelets contain numerous proteins that regulate angiogenesis. We now show that accumulation of angiogenesis regulators in platelets of animals bearing malignant tumors exceeds significantly their concentration in plasma or serum, as well as their levels in platelets from non-tumor-bearing animals. This process is selective, as platelets do not take up a proportional amount of other plasma proteins (eg, albumin), even though these may be present at higher concentrations. We also find that VEGF-enriched Matrigel pellets implanted subcutaneously into mice or the minute quantities of VEGF secreted by microscopic subcutaneous tumors (0.5-1 mm(3)) result in an elevation of VEGF levels in platelets, without any changes in its plasma levels. The profile of other angiogenesis regulatory proteins (eg, platelet-derived growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor) sequestered by platelets also reflects the presence of tumors in vivo before they can be macroscopically evident. The ability of platelets to selectively take up angiogenesis regulators in cancer-bearing hosts may have implications for the diagnosis and management of many angiogenesis-related diseases and provide a guide for antiangiogenic therapies.
Nanotechnology and the treatment of inner ear diseases (2011)

Inner ear diseases such as sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo that cause degeneration of sensory-neural transducer epithelial cells and nerve cells are extremely common and significantly disabling conditions for which there are almost no effective remedies to date. Efforts are being made to produce agents that could prevent injury, limit its extent, and repair injury or regenerate new end organ and neural cells. These promising drugs or gene therapies may require local administration to the inner ear and even cell-specific targeting to provide adequate effective doses without systemic toxicity or side effects. Delivery of agents may require controlled or sustained release into the inner ear fluids, cellular cytoplasm, or nucleus of targeted cells. A number of classes of nanoparticles have been investigated that demonstrate the potential for accomplishing these challenging tasks. The strategies and experience to date for functionalizing nanoparticles for inner ear delivery and intracellular release of therapeutic agent into targeted cells will be reviewed in this article.
Degradation of a signal peptide by protease IV and oligopeptidase A (1988)

The degradation of the prolipoprotein signal peptide in vitro by membranes, cytoplasmic fraction, and two purified major signal peptide peptidases from Escherichia coli was followed by reverse-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). The cytoplasmic fraction hydrolyzed the signal peptide completely into amino acids. In contrast, many peptide fragments accumulated as final products during the cleavage by a membrane fraction. Most of the peptides were similar to the peptides formed during the cleavage of the signal peptide by the purified membrane-bound signal peptide peptidase, protease IV. Peptide fragments generated during the cleavage of the signal peptide by protease IV and a cytoplasmic enzyme, oligopeptidase A, were identified from their amino acid compositions, their retention times during RPLC, and knowledge of the amino acid sequence of the signal peptide. Both enzymes were endopeptidases, as neither dipeptides nor free amino acids were formed during the cleavage reactions. Protease IV cleaved the signal peptide predominantly in the hydrophobic segment (residues 7 to 14). Protease IV required substrates with hydrophobic amino acids at the primary and the adjacent substrate-binding sites, with a minimum of three amino acids on either side of the scissile bond. Oligopeptidase A cleaved peptides (minimally five residues) that had either alanine or glycine at the P'1 (primary binding site) or at the P1 (preceding P'1) site of the substrate. These results support the hypothesis that protease IV is the major signal peptide peptidase in membranes that initiates the degradation of the signal peptide by making endoproteolytic cuts; oligopeptidase A and other cytoplasmic enzymes further degrade the partially degraded portions of the signal peptide that may be diffused or transported back into the cytoplasm from the membranes.
Identification of committed NK cell progenitors in adult murine bone marrow (2001)

Natural killer (NK) cells play important roles in innate immunity by lysing tumor and virally infected cells and by producing cytokines including interferon-gamma. While NK cell progenitors have been described in the fetal thymus, NK cell generation from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in the bone marrow (BM) occurs throughout life, and in athymic mice and humans. Interleukin (IL)-15 promotes NK development in vitro and is essential for the generation of normal numbers of NK cells in vivo. By characterizing BM cells expressing IL-15 receptor components, we found marked heterogeneity within the IL-2 receptor beta chain(+) (CD122(+)) subset, which included cells uniquely committed to the NK lineage. These CD122(+) NK cell precursors (NKP) are negative for markers used to identify mature NK cells, including NK1.1, DX5 and members of Ly-49 family, and fail to demonstrate natural cytotoxicity against susceptible target cells. In vitro culture of NKP generates mature lytic NK1.1(+) cells at high frequencies, while they do not give rise to T, B, myeloid or erythroid cells under appropriate conditions. NKP lack transcripts associated with early B and T cell differentiation (pTalpha, lambda5 and CD3epsilon), but express a group of genes (IL-15Ralpha, Id2, GATA-3 and Ets-1) and the 2B4 marker, which may define NK cell commitment. We propose that NKP represent the earliest adult BM precursor uniquely restricted to the NK cell lineage.
Regulation by transforming growth factor-beta1 of class II mRNA and protein expression in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1998)

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 is an immunosuppressive cytokine that modulates the expression of class II histocompatibility antigens on human cells. Aberrant HLA class II expression on synovial lining cells of rheumatoid arthritis synovial membrane has been described, and the extent and intensity of class II expression on the cells was claimed to be linked with the severity of the disease. In this study, the effects of TGF-beta1 on HLA class II antigen expression in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (SFC) from rheumatoid synovectomy tissues were determined by flow cytometric analysis and quantitative RT-PCR. We found that pre-incubation of cells with TGF-beta1 was able to down-regulate IFN-gamma-induced DR protein expression in SFC. TGF-beta1, additionally, down-regulated IFN-gamma-stimulated class II transactivator (CIITA) and DRB mRNA expression. The constitutive expression of CIITA mRNA was completely abolished and the constitutive expression of DRB mRNA was decreased after treatment of SFC with TGF-beta1 for 24 h. Addition of the TGF-beta inhibitor decorin to SFC for 24 h before TGF-beta1/IFN-gamma treatment was able to reduce the down-regulatory effect of TGF-beta1 on DR antigen expression induced by IFN-gamma. Using competitive RT-PCR, we found that SFC constitutively expressed decorin mRNA and that treatment of cells with TGF-beta1 for 24 h reduced the constitutive expression of decorin mRNA by 65%. Our results show that TGF-beta1 is able to reduce the expression of HLA class II mRNA and protein, and suggest a tight regulation between TGF-beta1 and decorin in SFC of the rheumatoid synovium.
EFFECT OF SERA ON THROMBIN ACTIVATION RATE CONSTANTS: A ONE‐STAGE ASSAY OF THE EXTRINSIC SYSTEM (1981)

A one-stage chromogenic assay sensitive to all factors of the extrinsic system has been developed. Diluted plasma is combined with tissue thromboplastin in the presence of S-2238, a thrombin-sensitive substrate. After a lag phase, log (A405/min) is linear with time up to the maximal thrombin concentration. The linear slope, b, is called the thrombin activation rate constant (TARC). Log b, or b, is linearly related to log transformations of plasma dilutions, of factor concentrations, of dicumarolized plasmas, and of one-stage prothrombin times. Since the lag phase can vary from 2 to more than 10 minutes, it is difficult to perform the assay on current automated equipment. Results show that factors VII and X affect the lag phase, while factors V and II do not. Small amounts of sera or thrombin, to a lesser extent, can shorten the lag phase to near zero without altering the relationships between TARC and plasma dilutions and between TARC and prothrombin times for dicumarolized plasmas and for dilutions of factor-deficient plasmas. The only effects of some sera are to increase b by approximately 20 percent. Successful sera can be made from clotted whole blood or supernatants of sera from citrated plasma clotted with tissue of partial thromboplastins. These sera appear to have minimal amounts of factor X, undetectable prothrombin, and undetectable free thrombin. The sera contain excesses of factor VII and/or factor VIIa and nearly 20 percent of factor V. If the sera activity arises from the extrinsic system, it is probably due to factor VIIa.
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Fluorochemical Inert Liquid FC-75 (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeat Transfer Characteristics of Fluorochemical Inert Liquid FC-75M. C. MARCELLUS, A. F. SPILHAUS Jr., and L. A. TROELTZSCHCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1961, 6, 3, 459–463Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00103a037https://doi.org/10.1021/je00103a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of lysosomotropic weak bases on infection of BHK-21 cells by Sindbis virus (1984)

The effects of the lysosomotropic weak bases chloroquine, ammonium chloride, and amantadine as well as dansylcadaverine (an inhibitor of receptor mediated endocytosis) on the replication of Sindbis virus in tissue-cultured cells was examined. Chloroquine had no effect on the expression of virus-induced homologous interference. None of these drugs significantly affected the ability of a complex of a cell and single virion to form an infectious center. Chloroquine and ammonium chloride were found to inhibit the synthesis of virus RNA in established infections when added early in infection. These drugs also inhibited the production of progeny virions when added any time after infection. These results suggest that the antiviral activity of these agents may not be due to an ability to prevent transport of the virus genome into the cell cytoplasm.
Protein Methylase I (1968)

Abstract An enzyme, methylase I, which methylates its endogenous protein has been purified from calf thymus. Acid hydrolysis of the methylated endogenous protein gives rise to two methylated amino acid derivatives. Both derivatives are very sensitive to alkali treatment, and one of the decomposition products is identified as methylurea. These findings, as well as other evidence, indicate that one of the compounds is guanidino-methylated arginine and the other is α-amino-, guanidino-methylated arginine. Various histones comprise approximately 70% of the total endogenous methylated protein, and the radioactivity is widely distributed among the various histones when the enzyme is labeled with S-adenosyl-l-methionine-methyl-14C. Protein methylase I has a pH optimum of 7.4 and a Km of 2.1 x 10-5 m for S-adenosyl-l-methionine.
Molecular Characterization and Classification of Phytoplasmas Associated with Canola Yellows and a New Phytoplasma Strain Associated with Dandelions (2001)

DNA isolated from symptomatic canola (Brassica napus, Brassica rapa) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) was used to amplify 16S ribosomal DNA fragments by polymerase chain reaction using two pairs of universal primers P1/P6 and R16F2n/R2. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the amplified DNA fragments using endonucleases AluI, HhaI, HpaII, MseI, RsaI, and Sau 3AI revealed two distinct types of phytoplasmas in canola with similar symptoms. One had the same RFLP profiles as the phytoplasmas in subgroup 16SrI-A, whereas the other one had RFLP profiles similar to those of phytoplasmas in subgroup 16SrI-B. Phytoplasmas were detected in symptomatic dandelion plants that were collected from canola and alfalfa fields where severe alfalfa witches'-broom occurred. Comparative studies indicated that two different phytoplasmas were associated with the dandelion plants. One was identified as a member of subgroup 16SrI-A, whereas another one was classified as a member of a distinct subgroup in the aster yellows group on the basis of the unique RFLP patterns.
Stability of Ecgonine Methyl Ester in Postmortem Urine Specimens (1996)

In this study, 25 postmortem urine specimens testing positive, for cocaine and ecogonine methyl ester (EME) by full scan electron impact gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, were used to evaluate the stability of EME in refrigerated and frozen conditions. After an initial quantitation (t = 0), these specimens were split and stored at either 4 degrees C or -20 degrees C. At several intervals, over a six month period, the specimens were tested for cocaine and EME. Twenty-two of the frozen specimens were within 20% of their t = 0 EME concentration after 6 months; 19 of the 25 refrigerated specimens showed similar stability. At least 50% of the EME present was detected in all specimens under both storage conditions. In addition, there was no evidence to suggest that EME concentrations increased over time even though decreases in cocaine concentrations were observed over the same time period. This suggests that the presence of EME in urine specimens indicates in vivo conversion of cocaine and, therefore, use of cocaine.
Hearing loss in children and young adults receiving cisplatin with or without prior cranial irradiation. (1989)

One hundred seventy-seven children and young adults with various malignant neoplasms were prospectively tested for hearing loss after they had received cisplatin (n = 146), cranial irradiation (n = 18), or both (n = 13). Adequate renal function, no history of treatment with ototoxic drugs other than cisplatin, and availability for repeated audiometric testing were requirements for enrollment. Substantial hearing loss, defined as a hearing threshold of 50 dB or greater, was noted in only 11% of the cohort on tests conducted at the common speech frequencies (500 to 3,000 Hz). About half the patients had substantial deficits at higher frequencies (4,000 to 8,000 Hz). The probability of substantial hearing loss was directly related to the cumulative dose of cisplatin. In nonirradiated patients tested at the speech frequencies, there was a negligible risk of substantial deficits over the dose range of 90 to 360 mg/m2. As the dose increased to 720 mg/m2, the risk increased to 22%. In irradiated patients who later received cisplatin, cumulative drug doses as low as 270 mg/m2 were associated with a high probability of substantial hearing loss, suggesting potentiation of ototoxicity when these therapies are used together. Hearing acuity was either not affected or only minimally decreased in the irradiation-only group. Younger age, prior irradiation, and the presence of a CNS tumor each contributed significantly to the severity of hearing deficits at given cisplatin dose levels. We conclude that early increases in hearing threshold at a stimulus frequency of 4,000 Hz indicate probable subsequent deficits at lower frequencies, especially in young children with CNS tumors who have received cranial irradiation. The probability charts derived from this analysis should provide a useful tool for predicting hearing loss in the speech frequencies.
Non‐surgical periodontal therapy with adjunctive topical doxycycline: a double‐blind randomized controlled multicenter study (2002)

Adjunctive topical subgingival application of a biodegradable 15% doxycycline gel was safe and provided more favorable RAL-V gain and PPD reduction than SRP alone and VEH. Thus, by use of topical doxycycline the threshold for surgical periodontal therapy might be moved toward deeper pockets.
Systematic characterization of human prostatic fluid proteins with two-dimensional electrophoresis. (1984)

We present a systematic analysis of human prostatic fluid with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (the ISO-DALT system) and a characterization of normal and disease-related protein patterns. A reference map for prostatic fluid proteins was established by analysis of pooled prostatic fluids from 80 men (age less than or equal to 50 years) without prostatic lesions. Proteins in prostatic fluid that share immunogenicity with serum proteins were identified by use of antibody to whole human-serum protein in an affinity-column fractionation of a reference pool and differential analysis of the absorbed (serum components) and unabsorbed (non-serum components) fractions. Individual prostatic fluids from 30 patients (eight with prostatic cancer, 10 with prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia, six with benign prostatic hyperplasia alone, and six with asymptomatic chronic prostatitis) were scored qualitatively with respect to the presence or absence of 57 major prostatic fluid proteins. Statistically significant, disease-correlated alterations were observed for at least eight of the proteins so scored.
Ring Rolling Research at the Dresden University of Technology – its History from the Beginning in the 70s to the Present (2005)

The paper presents a brief history of ring rolling development at the Dresden University of Technology (DUT) from the 70s to the present. The technological scope covers the techniques explored at the DUT: Tangential profile ring rolling, axial profile tube rolling/roll plunging and the TRENPRO® method to produce shaped rings. Starting from the state of the art, technological principle, range of application and machine‐oriented implementation of these techniques are described. Furthermore, other common ring rolling variants, such as axial profile ring rolling, skew‐rolling and radial‐axial ring rolling, are taken into consideration. Finally, the authors provide a summary of problems still to be solved and ways to refine and disseminate the “ring rolling” discipline, assessing the rolling methods’ potential as extremely forward‐looking.
Color Flow Doppler Sonography for Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (1993)

This report documents the usefulness of color Doppler sonography for early verification of urinary stone fragmentation during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with ultrasonographic focusing. In the experimental study lithotripsy was performed on human urinary stones placed in pig kidneys. Increasing color flow within the stone mass created by movement of small fragments indicated fragmentation earlier than pixel movement on the standard gray scale sonogram. The success of treatment was demonstrated macroscopically. In the clinical study 25 patients with radiopaque kidney stones were treated by color Doppler guided shock wave lithotripsy and compared to a control group of 32 patients with similar stone characteristics in whom the end point of treatment was chosen based on B-mode sonography alone. The amount of color flow within the stone reflex determined the end point of treatment. The degree of fragmentation was confirmed by fluoroscopy immediately after treatment. Disintegration was successful in all cases and fragments passed spontaneously. Color Doppler imaging during shock wave lithotripsy provides reliable information on the spatial and temporal characteristics of stone fragmentation, and is superior to B-mode sonography by providing more immediate, objective information on stone fragmentation and allowing better evaluation of the focal zone. With the help of this technique, the number of applied shock waves could be reduced by 20% compared with the control group.
Influence of tensile stress on residual strain of Zr-based metallic glass actuator. (2001)

The remarkable SME is induced above glass transition temperature (Tg) by the transition volume change on Zr-5at%Ni-9at%Al-30at%Cu glassy alloy. The shape memory metallic glass is a new concept of the actuator applicable for hard-irradiated environment such as in fusion reactor.