gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy Friendly Integrity for Network Coding in Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

The recent advances in information theory and networking have significantly modified the way to disseminate data in wireless sensor networks (WSNs): aggregation, network coding or rateless codes. These new paradigms of dissemination create new threats for security such as pollution attacks. These attacks exploit the difficulty to protect data integrity in those contexts. In this paper, we consider the particular case of xor network coding. We compare the different strategies based on message authentication codes algorithms (MACs) to thwart these attacks. We emphasize the advantages of universal hash functions (UHFs) in terms of flexibility and efficiency. These schemes reduce the energy consumption by 42% and 68% (according to the used protocol) for the relaying nodes over those based on classical cryptographic primitives without any loss in security. The key feature of the UHFs considered here is their homomorphic property (h(x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> ⊕ x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> )=h(x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> ) ⊕ h(x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> )). These homomorphic MACs offer more possibilities for the relying nodes than the classical cryptographic ones: the detection time of a pollution attack can be adjusted to preserve the nodes energy. Moreover, they can be computed with the low resources of a sensor.
IMAGE ENHANCEMENT FOR IMPAIRED VISION: THE CHALLENGE OF EVALUATION (2009)

With the aging of the population, the prevalence of eye diseases and thus of vision impairment is increasing. The TV watching habits of people with vision impairments are comparable to normally sighted people1, however their vision loss prevents them from fully benefiting from this medium. For over 20 years we have been developing video image-enhancement techniques designed to assist people with visual impairments, particularly those due to central retinal vision loss. A major difficulty in this endeavor is the lack of evaluation techniques to assess and compare the effectiveness of various enhancement methods. This paper reviews our approaches to image enhancement and the results we have obtained, with special emphasis on the difficulties encountered in the evaluation of the benefits of enhancement and the solutions we have developed to date.
“卷福潮”来袭：本尼迪克特·唐伯巴奇为什么这么红？ (2014)

他长得说不上帅，甚至有点怪：身材瘦削得像根竹竿儿，一张过长的脸上颧骨高高突起，苍白的脸衬希猫一般狡黠的双眼，大笑时满脸褶皱，像极了沙皮狗。他严肃起来一本正经，演什么像什么，宛如一只敬业的“变色龙”，可搞怪起来又无比可爱，简直萌到人心坎儿里就是这样一个人在英剧《神探夏洛克》（Sherlock）中把福尔摩斯演得深入人心，创造了他人无法企及的高度，从此红遍全球，片约不断。
Additively Manufactured IN718 Components with Wirelessly Powered and Interrogated Embedded Sensing (2017)

A methodology is described for embedding commercial-off-the-shelf sensors together with wireless communication and power circuit elements using direct laser metal sintered additively manufactured components. Physics based models of the additive manufacturing processes and sensor/wireless level performance models guided the design and embedment processes. A combination of cold spray deposition and laser engineered net shaping was used to fashion the transmitter/receiving elements and embed the sensors, thereby providing environmental protection and component robustness/survivability for harsh conditions. By design, this complement of analog and digital sensors were wirelessly powered and interrogated using a health and utilization monitoring system; enabling real-time, in situ prognostics and diagnostics.
Fundamentals of Stack Gas Dispersion (2005)

Fundamentals of Stack Gas Dispersion Milton R. Beychok This is the new fourth edition of the book on dispersion modeling of continuous, buoyant air pollution plumes which takes nothing for granted. Every equation is completely derived step-by-step without any complicated or advanced mathematics. Every constraint and assumption is fully explained. The subjects covered in the book include atmospheric turbulence and stability classes, buoyant plume rise, Gaussian dispersion calculations and modeling, time-averaged concentrations, wind velocity profiles, fumigations, trapped plumes, flare stack plumes and much more ... with a great many example calculations. The book has been purchased in 84 countries and is currently available in 233 libraries worldwide. It has been referenced or cited as an educational resource 870 times in the technical literature and on the Internet, including 34 regulatory publications of state or national governmental agencies worldwide. It has also been used as recommended reading or a textbook in 61 university courses Last updated on Dec. 20, 2014
Notch signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of human osteosarcomas (2009)

Notch signaling plays an important role in developmental processes and adult tissue homeostasis. Altered Notch signaling has been associated with various diseases including cancer. While the importance of altered Notch signaling in cancers of hematopoietic and epithelial origins has been established, its role in tumors of mesenchymal origin is less clear. Here, we report that human osteosarcoma cell lines and primary human osteosarcoma tumor samples show significant up-regulation of Notch, its target genes and Osterix. Notch inhibition by gamma-secretase inhibitors or by using lentiviral mediated expression of dominant negative Mastermind-like protein (DN-MAML) decreases osteosarcoma cell proliferation in vitro. In vivo, established human tumor xenografts in nude mice show decreased tumor growth after chemical or genetic inhibition of Notch signaling. Finally, transcriptional profiling of osteosarcomas from p53 mutant mice confirmed up-regulation of Notch1 target genes Hes1, Hey1 and its ligand Dll4. Our data suggest that activation of Notch signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of human osteosarcomas and its inhibition may be a therapeutic approach for the treatment of this mesenchymal tumor.
An efficient current expansion technique in full-wave modeling of microstrip discontinuities of arbitrary shape (2002)

A new current expansion technique that combines roof-top and triangular subdomain functions is used in full-wave analysis for characterization of microstrip discontinuities of arbitrary shape. This technique can simultaneously take advantages of the roof-top subdomain function for its excellent numerical convergence as well as the triangular basis function for its capability of simulating current density along a mitered edge. Detailed formalism has been given in this paper. Several examples will be presented to illustrate the efficiency of this technique.
A new tri-state-boost-based pickup topology for inductive power transfer (2011)

In this paper we present a new circuit design for multi-pickup high-power inductive power transfer systems. The proposed design combines parallel compensated resonant tank with tri-state boost converter. By synchronizing tri-state boost switching period with the half-period of resonant tank voltage, we position the inherently discontinuous current pulse drawn by tri-state boost to control both active and reactive power flow from the resonant circuit to tri-state boost. Controllable reactive current can be used effectively to emulate appropriate inductance or capacitance to tune the resonant tank and achieve optimal power transfer.
Volume of rat lungs measured throughout the respiratory cycle using <sup>19</sup>F NMR of the inert gas SF<sub>6</sub> (2002)

The lung volumes of mechanically ventilated rats were measured over the course of the respiratory cycle using the NMR signal strength from inhaled sulfurhexafluoride. Rats with elastase-induced emphysema showed larger lung volumes and slower exhalation than control rats. For humans the technique should be able to provide lung volume measurements at least 20 times a second.
Adaptive food suggestion engine by fuzzy logic (2016)

The research proposes an approach for searching and sorting food list according to user preference. The system maintains a fuzzy database to store restaurants and their menus with some specific parameters for each item. System allows the user to specify food tastes that are of their interest, location name where they prefer to eat, approximated budget for each person and few other defined parameters as searching keyword. While searching, the system will fetch the entries from the database according to user defined parameters, convert each item's metadata to fuzzy parameters and pass the list to a fuzzy controller. Then the controller assigns a score as an output to each item. Finally the list is sorted in descending order. System allows the users to provide the feedback about the food which makes the system to be adaptive. System also gets scaled for each individual user as food taste varies significantly for individual users; hence the system provides more precise result and makes it a complete food searching engine.
Mutation analysis of the feedback inhibition site of phenylalanine‐sensitive 3‐deoxy‐<scp>D</scp>‐arabino‐heptulosonate 7‐phosphate synthase of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2003)

In Escherichia coli, the phenylalanine-sensitive 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (DAHPS) AroG catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds. To investigate the feedback inhibition site of AroG, mutated enzymes prepared with sequence-overlap extension PCR were expressed and purified. The enzymatic activity assay showed that the amino acid replacements at Phe144, Leu175, Leu179, Phe209, Trp215Ala and Val221 completely or partially relieved feedback inhibition of AroG addressed by the phenylalanine. Ile10Ala and Delta(1-15) desensitized feedback inhibition and caused a 70 approximately 90% loss of the specific catalytic activities. These results strongly suggest an involvement of the interior region and the N-terminus of the polypeptide chain of AroG in the formation of the feedback inhibition site of DAHPS.
Radiation Thermometry of Silicon-Wafer in Semiconductor Heat-Treatment Equipment (1989)

In order to measure the temperature of the silicon wafers in a diffusion furnace (which is usually used for semiconducter heating process such as oxidization, annealing and diffusion), we design a radiation thermometry suitable for this purpose. The feature of this thermometry is measuring the temperature of the wafers to be usually out of sight by an optical guide, which consists of two quartz prisms. The radiation from the objective wafer is measured by a pyrometer with measuring wavelength of 0.9μm. The reason why the wavelength is selected is that a silicon wafer is opaque at this wavelength. The emissivity of a silicon wafer at 0.9μm is measured, and it is confirmed that the emissivity dose not depend on temperature within the range of 600∼1, 000°C. It is also confirmed that the emissivity of a silicon wafer with a thin film of silicon oxide or silicon nitride can be calculated by considering the interference effect of multiple reflection inside the thin film.The accuracy of the thermometry is examind by comparing the measured value of the pyrometer with that of the thermo-couple. The two measured values agree within the difference of ±2°C in steady state. But when wafers are inserting into or drawing out from the furnace, an error is caused by veiling glare at the optical guide and the wafer. The error is 10∼20°C when the wafer temperature is 250°C lower than that of the inside wall of the furnace, and is about 5°C when the wafer temperature is 150°C lower.
Cisplatin sensitivity of ovarian cancer in the histoculture drug response assay correlates to clinical response to combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. (2000)

The histoculture drug sensitivity assay (HDRA) has been demonstrated to have high predictability for resistance, sensitivity, and survival for gastrointestinal cancer (Clin Cancer Res 1: 305-311, 1995; Clin Cancer Res 1: 1537-1543, 1995). In this report, we evaluated the clinical usefulness of the HDRA in ovarian cancer. HDRA was performed on tumors from patients with ovarian cancer. Eighty-five cases (97%) were evaluable. Tumor fragments were cultured on collagen-sponge gels. The cultures were incubated with cisplatin (CDDP) for seven days. Cell viability were assessed with the MTT end point. The optimal cut off concentration of CDDP was determined to be 25 micrograms/ml by correlation with the historical clinical response rate to CDDP. HDRA results were correlated to clinical response of 15 patients who received CDDP-based therapy that included doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (CAP therapy). The true positive rate was 88%, the true negative rate was 86%, the sensitivity was 88%, the specificity was 86%, and the accurate prediction rate was 87% when HDRA results were compared to the response of the treated patients. The data suggest that the HDRA is capable of predicting the response to antitumor chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer and that measuring response to CDDP can be useful for optimization of CAP chemotherapy for patients with this disease.
Breast cancer-associated protein pS2 expression in tumors of the biliary tract. (1991)

Expression of pS2 (an estrogen-induced gene isolated from breast carcinoma MCF7 cells) and of the human spasmolytic peptide (hSP) gene was analyzed in 21 human biliary tract and gallbladder carcinomas and 16 non-neoplastic gallbladders at the protein level (immunochemistry) and, in a series of these cases, at the RNA level (Northern blots). Eighteen carcinomas and 14 non-neoplastic mucosae with inflammatory alterations showed pS2 activity by immunostaining or Northern blotting. In addition, in samples with pS2 expression, hSP RNA was demonstrated. In the corresponding non-neoplastic and healthy mucosae, pS2 was negative, as judged by immunostaining. Northern blots showed weak (basal) level of activity for pS2 and hSP. The genes' increased expression in correlation to inflammatory and neoplastic processes, by now observed in several carcinomas and idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, hints to their essential role in such diseases.
Use of RNA Interference-mediated Gene Silencing and Adenoviral Overexpression to Elucidate the Roles of AKT/Protein Kinase B Isoforms in Insulin Actions (2003)

Insulin plays a central role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis in part by stimulating glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis. The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt has been proposed to mediate insulin signaling in several processes. However, it is unclear whether Akt is involved in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and which isoforms of Akt are responsible for each insulin action. We confirmed that expression of a constitutively active Akt, using an adenoviral expression vector, promoted translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to plasma membrane, 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake, and glycogen synthesis in both Chinese hamster ovary cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Inhibition of Akt either by adenoviral expression of a dominant negative Akt or by the introduction of synthetic 21-mer short interference RNA against Akt markedly reduced insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation, 2-DG uptake, and glycogen synthesis. Experiments with isoform-specific short interference RNA revealed that Akt2, and Akt1 to a lesser extent, has an essential role in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and 2-DG uptake in both cell lines, whereas Akt1 and Akt2 contribute equally to insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis. These data suggest a prerequisite role of Akt in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and distinct functions among Akt isoforms.
Polysilicon<i>in situ</i>phosphorus doping control over large concentration range using low temperature, low pressure chemical vapour deposition growth process (1995)

International audience
Performance evaluation of CMOS compatible bipolar transistors and vertical junction FETs for advanced VLSI technology (1992)

A submicrometre CMOS technology, with selfaligned silicide (salicide) and a high energy implanted retrograde well, has been used to develop bipolar transistors and vertical junction FET devices based on the same pMOS selfaligned structure. Good performance devices have been obtained, with no need for buried layers and epitaxy, allowing low-cost multidevice integration.
An Ergot Alkaloid Biosynthesis Gene and Clustered Hypothetical Genes from <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> (2005)

The ergot alkaloids are a family of indole-derived mycotoxins with a variety of significant biological activities. Aspergillus fumigatus, a common airborne fungus and opportunistic human pathogen, and several fungi in the relatively distant taxon Clavicipitaceae (clavicipitaceous fungi) produce different sets of ergot alkaloids. The ergot alkaloids of these divergent fungi share a four-member ergoline ring but differ in the number, type, and position of the side chains. Several genes required for ergot alkaloid production are known in the clavicipitaceous fungi, and these genes are clustered in the genome of the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea. We investigated whether the ergot alkaloids of A. fumigatus have a common biosynthetic and genetic origin with those of the clavicipitaceous fungi. A homolog of dmaW, the gene controlling the determinant step in the ergot alkaloid pathway of clavicipitaceous fungi, was identified in the A. fumigatus genome. Knockout of dmaW eliminated all known ergot alkaloids from A. fumigatus, and complementation of the mutation restored ergot alkaloid production. Clustered with dmaW in the A. fumigatus genome are sequences corresponding to five genes previously proposed to encode steps in the ergot alkaloid pathway of C. purpurea, as well as additional sequences whose deduced protein products are consistent with their involvement in the ergot alkaloid pathway. The corresponding genes have similarities in their nucleotide sequences, but the orientations and positions within the cluster of several of these genes differ. The data indicate that the ergot alkaloid biosynthetic capabilities in A. fumigatus and the clavicipitaceous fungi had a common origin.
Test-point condensation in the diagnosis of digital circuits (1977)

The paper shows how simple circuitry can be used to combine test points leading to far fewer points to be observed, while still retaining the full ability to detect faults. Rules are laid down for the design of this circuitry that depend on the relationship between the test points. Practical examples are given of circuits for condensing test points for a number of different circumstances. Finally, it is shown how the adequate testing of this additional condensing circuitry can be ensured.
Signaling pathways of apoptosis activated by aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens. (2003)

Aromatase inhibitors have recently been reported to be more effective than the antiestrogen tamoxifen (Tam) in treating breast cancer. Here, we studied the mechanisms and signaling pathways of cell growth, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis induced by three aromatase inhibitors: letrozole (Let), anastrozole, and 4-hydroxyandrostenedione in comparison with estrogen withdrawal (E2W) and antiestrogens Tam and faslodex. Estrogen-dependent human breast cancer cells stably transfected with aromatase (MCF-7Ca) were used. All treatments induced growth suppression and cell cycle arrest at the G(0)-G(1) phase that was associated with up-regulation of p53 and p21 protein and mRNA levels and down-regulation of cyclin D1 and c-myc mRNA. The apoptotic index was increased 4-7 fold, Bcl-2 protein expression decreased, Bax increased, and caspase-9, caspase-6, and caspase-7 were activated but not caspase-3 and caspase-8. Let and E2W caused regression of tumors of MCF-7Ca cells grown in nude mice and increased the number of cells undergoing apoptosis. In contrast, Tam and faslodex did not induce tumor regression and a lower number of apoptotic cells was detected. Cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was detected. Treatment with Let, Tam, or E2W resulted in a dose- and time-dependent increase in active caspase-7 and up-regulation of p53 and p21 protein. Although the mechanisms involved appeared to be similar for antiestrogens and aromatase inhibitors, the most significant effects occurred with Let, which were significantly greater than with E2W and consistent with marked effects of Let on tumor and cell growth.
<i>Uteroglobin-Related Protein 1</i><i>(UGRP1)</i> Gene Polymorphisms and Atopic Asthma in the Indian Population (2004)

Our results suggest that the G-112A and C222A polymorphisms do not play a significant role in the genetic predisposition of UGRP1 gene in atopic asthma in the Indian population.
Upconverting nanoparticles for pre‐clinical diffuse optical imaging, microscopy and sensing: Current trends and future challenges (2013)

Abstract Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are a class of recently developed luminescent biomarkers that – in several aspects – are superior to organic dyes and quantum dots. UCNPs can emit spectrally narrow anti‐Stokes shifted light with quantum yields which greatly exceed those of two‐photon dyes for fluence rates relevant for deep tissue imaging. Compared with conventionally used Stokes‐shifting fluorophores, UCNP‐based imaging systems can acquire completely autofluorescence‐free data with superb contrast. For diffuse optical imaging, the multi‐photon process involved in the upconversion process can be used to obtain images with unprecedented resolution. These unique properties make UCNPs extremely attractive in the field of biophotonics. UCNPs have already been applied in microscopy, small‐animal imaging, multi‐modal imaging, highly sensitive bioassays, temperature sensing and photodynamic therapy. In this review, the current state‐of‐the‐art UCNPs and their applications for diffuse imaging, microscopy and sensing targeted towards solving essential biological issues are discussed.
Differentiation of serological responses to Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O9 and Brucella species by immunoblot or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using whole bacteria and Yersinia outer membrane proteins (1990)

Serum samples from 134 patients showing by the microagglutination test serological cross-reactivity between Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O9 and Brucella spp. were analyzed by immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques for the presence of antibodies directed against plasmid-encoded, yersinia-associated outer membrane proteins (OMPs). Since these OMPs are exclusively expressed in pathogenic strains of Yersinia spp., this characteristic was chosen for serological differentiation of infections caused by these bacteria. The presence of antibodies against plasmid-encoded OMPs of pathogenic Yersinia spp. in patient sera appeared to be a suitable means to identify acute or recent infection with Y. enterocolitica serotype O9, whereas the failure to detect such antibodies indicated an acute or recent infection with Brucella spp.