gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Temporal Coherence of a 35-GHz Gyromonotron Using the TE/sub 01/ Circular Mode (1980)

The characteristics of a 35-GHz oscillator operating with the TE/sub 01/ circular waveguide mode are described. The device produced 147 kW, with an efficiency of 31 percent at 100 kW. The total radiated energy was 2 kJ/pulse. The spectral coherence appears to be equal to those of other high-quality microwave tubes. The mode purity is greater than 95 percent.
Comparative Study of Ellagic Acid and Its Analogues as Chemopreventive Agents against Lung Tumorigenesis (1993)

The polyphenol ellagic acid inhibits lung tumorigenesis induced by a nicotine-derived nitrosamine in A/J mice. This inhibition was related to the logarithm of the dose of ellagic acid added to the diet. The biodistribution of ellagic acid was studied in mice gavaged with ellagic acid. Pulmonary levels of ellagic acid reach a maximum 30 min after gavage and were directly proportional to the dose between 0.2 and 2.0 mmol EA/kg b.w. Ellagitannins extracted from pomegranate are hydrolyzed extensively in mice leading to the excretion of ellagic acid in the feces and urine. Feeding mice pomegranate ellagitannins (10 g/kg diet) did not inhibit lung tumorigenesis.
Increased Procoagulant Function of Microparticles in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2012)

Our study shows increased procoagulant function of microparticles in pediatric patients with active and quiescent CD and active UC compared with controls, but demonstrates that they are not a major cause for the higher thrombin generation in pediatric patients with IBD.
Evaluation of antigens from various Leishmania species in a Western blot for diagnosis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis. (2002)

A Western blot method that uses antigens from culture promastigote forms of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, L. (Leishmania) amazonensis, L. (Leishmania) tropica, and a trypanosomatid (strain 268T) isolated from naturally infected tomatoes was evaluated for laboratory diagnosis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL). Serum samples were obtained from 108 patients with ATL (group I), 23 chagasic patients (group II), 32 patients with other diseases (group III), and 78 healthy individuals (group IV). The overall analysis showed a sensitivity of 76.90%, 90.40%, 78.50%, and 87.90%, a specificity of 100%, 93.80%, 87.80%, and 77.10%, a positive predictive value of 100%, 94.00%, 89.50%, and 72.50%, a negative predictive value of 75.70%, 90.00%, 75.40%, and 90.20%, and a concordance coefficient kappa of 0.7358, 0.8400, 0.6491, and 0.6287 for L. (V.) braziliensis, L. (L.) amazonensis, L. (L.) tropica, and strain 268T antigens, respectively. The antigenic profile recognized by serum samples from patients with ATL and with Chagas' disease permits serologic distinction between these infections.
An investigation into the effect of modified firing profiles on the piezoelectric properties of thick-film PZT layers on silicon (2000)

Screen-printed lead zirconate titanate (PZT) layers offer possibilities both for sensing and for actuation applications. The reaction between PZT and silicon during the high temperature sintering phase is a problem when combining PZT layers with silicon microelectromechanical systems. In this study we investigate a range of longer, lower temperature firing profiles for thick-film PZT, to reduce this reaction. Methods of measuring the d33piezoelectric coefficient of thick-film PZT layers are reviewed and the test rig used to compare samples is described. Temperatures below 800 °C are found to be insufficient to produce sintering. At other low temperatures, longer firing times are found to be necessary in order to produce consistent results. A temperature of 800 °C for 8 h was found to produce a reduction in the level of reaction, without a serious reduction of the piezoelectric activity.
Stimulation of Insulin Secretion by Denatonium, One of the Most Bitter-Tasting Substances Known (2003)

Denatonium, one of the most bitter-tasting substances known, stimulated insulin secretion in clonal HIT-T15 beta-cells and rat pancreatic islets. Stimulation of release began promptly after exposure of the beta-cells to denatonium, reached peak rates after 4-5 min, and then declined to near basal values after 20-30 min. In islets, no effect was observed at 2.8 mmol/;l glucose, whereas a marked stimulation was observed at 8.3 mmol/;l glucose. No stimulation occurred in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+) or in the presence of the Ca(2+)-channel blocker nitrendipine. Stimulated release was inhibited by alpha(2)-adrenergic agonists. Denatonium had no direct effect on voltage-gated calcium channels or on cyclic AMP levels. There was no evidence for the activation of gustducin or transducin in the beta-cell. The results indicate that denatonium stimulates insulin secretion by decreasing KATP channel activity, depolarizing the beta-cell, and increasing Ca(2+) influx. Denatonium did not displace glybenclamide from its binding sites on the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR). Strikingly, it increased glybenclamide binding by decreasing the K(d). It is concluded that denatonium, which interacts with K(+) channels in taste cells, most likely binds to and blocks Kir6.2. A consequence of this is a conformational change in SUR to increase the SUR/glybenclamide binding affinity.
Chiral cooperativity: the nature of the diastereoselective and enantioselective step in the gold(I)-catalyzed aldol reaction utilizing chiral ferrocenylamine ligands (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral cooperativity: the nature of the diastereoselective and enantioselective step in the gold(I)-catalyzed aldol reaction utilizing chiral ferrocenylamine ligandsAntonio Togni and Stephen D. PastorCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 5, 1649–1664Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00292a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00292a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1170Altmetric-Citations188LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acute effects of amiodarone upon the canine sinus node and atrioventricular junctional region. (1983)

Amiodarone was selectively perfused into the sinus node artery and atrioventricular node artery of 51 dogs. Amiodarone had an immediate negative chronotropic and dromotropic effect. Threshold concentration was 2.5 micrograms/ml. 25 and 50 micrograms/ml of amiodarone injected into the sinus node artery slowed the heart by 25.6 +/- 3.1 and 33.7 +/- 2.6 beats/min (mean +/- 1 SEM), respectively. Amiodarone 25 and 50 micrograms/ml injected into the AV node artery during AV junctional rhythm slowed the AV junctional pacemaker by 12.2 +/- 1.8 and 17.4 +/- 1.7 beats/min, respectively. Injections of amiodarone into the AV node artery during sinus rhythm regularly increased AV conduction time sometimes causing 2 degrees AV block at the highest concentration used. Impaired conduction was exclusively measured at the level of the A-H interval in the His electrogram. Neither atropine nor propranolol prevented the negative chronotropic effects of amiodarone. Amiodarone had no significant effect on sinus node response to either stellate stimulation or intranodal administration of norepinephrine. The negative chronotropic action of amiodarone was significantly enhanced when amiodarone was administered in a perfusate containing low (0.6 mM) instead of normal calcium. Taken collectively these observations indicate that amiodarone has immediate depressant electrophysiologic effects on both the sinus node and the AV junction and that these early effects might involve the blockade of the slow channel.
Mechanisms of quinolone resistance in a clinical isolate of Escherichia coli highly resistant to fluoroquinolones but susceptible to nalidixic acid (1991)

Two associated resistance mechanisms were found in a nalidixic acid-susceptible (4 micrograms/ml) but fluoroquinolone-resistant (8 to 16 micrograms/ml) strain of Escherichia coli Q2 selected under norfloxacin therapy. As compared with the susceptible E. coli Q1 isolated before treatment, changes in outer membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharides in Q2 were associated with a 1.5- to 3-fold decrease in the uptake of fluoroquinolones but not nalidixic acid. A 50% inhibition of DNA synthesis in toluene-permeabilized cells of the resistant strain E. coli Q2 required up to 500-fold increased quantities of fluoroquinolones, whereas such inhibition was obtained in both E. coli Q1 and Q2 with similar amounts of nalidixic acid. Selection from E. coli Q1 on norfloxacin of one-step resistant mutants resembling E. coli Q2 was unsuccessful. From these results we infer that a decrease in outer membrane permeability, associated with a peculiar alteration of the DNA gyrase, was responsible for the unusual quinolone resistance phenotype of E. coli Q2.
La gran recesión en España en clave regional: un análisis de ciclos económicos (2013)

La dimension regional de la Gran Recesion tiene una especial relevancia
en Espana, un pais duramente golpeado por la crisis, con grandes divergencias
territoriales y con un sistema politico fuertemente descentralizado. En este
trabajo se aborda, con la metodologia de analisis de los ciclos economicos,
el impacto de la Gran Recesion en Espana desde una perspectiva regional.
En primer lugar, se localiza la cronologia de la crisis a nivel nacional y se
examina el comportamiento de las regiones durante este periodo. En segundo
lugar, se estudia el ciclo regional, sus caracteristicas y sincronia para cada
region individualmente. En tercer lugar, se investiga la existencia de ciclos
comunes entre las regiones. Los principales resultados muestran que la Gran
Recesion ha propiciado un significativo aumento de la sincronia de los ciclos
regionales, pese a lo cual encontramos una importante heterogeneidad en las
respuestas. Aquellas regiones con mayor sincronia, renta per capita inicial mas
elevada, menor desempleo estructural, mayor nivel de capital humano y mayor
tasa de apertura han soportado mejor el impacto de la crisis. En definitiva,
respuestas heterogeneas dentro de un impacto comun de la Gran Recesion,
que han aumentado notablemente el grado de sincronia ciclica entre regiones.
pero que no han cambiado sustancialmente la geograf´ýa econ´omica en Espana.
Effect of Calcofluor white and Congo red on fungal cell wall morphogenesis: in vivo activation of chitin polymerization (1985)

Calcofluor White (a fluorochrome dye) affected the growth of Geotrichum lactis by causing lysis of cells at the hyphal tips. This effect was prevented by the presence of an osmotic stabilizer. The growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was also affected, and multicellular aggregates were formed because of incomplete separation of mother and daughter cells; fluorescence microscopy indicated the presence of abnormally thick septa. The formation of rudimentary wall material by G. lactis protoplasts was promoted by Calcofluor or Congo red (another dye). The rate of chitin synthesis in protoplasts and growing cells was enhanced by both dyes. In contrast, both dyes inhibited chitin and beta (1,3)-glucan synthases in isolated cell-free systems. Degradation rates for beta (1,3)-glucan or chitin were not affected significantly by the dyes. Wheat germ agglutinin also affected chitin synthesis in protoplasts.
Butyrate induces profound changes in gene expression related to multiple signal pathways in bovine kidney epithelial cells (2006)

This study presented the genes related to multiple signal pathways such as cell cycle control and apoptosis. The profound changes in gene expression elucidate the molecular basis for the pleiotropic effects of butyrate on biological processes. These findings enable better recognition of the full range of beneficial roles butyrate may play during cattle energy metabolism, cell growth and proliferation, and possibly in fighting gastrointestinal pathogens.
Comparative Analysis of Bearings for Micro-GT: An Innovative Arrangement (2017)

Microgas turbines are a widespread technology in cogenerative and propulsion applications. Bearings are a key factor in their design and development. The aim of the present research work is the development of the support system for a typical microturbine intended for power generation. To this goal, the present chapter defines the typical requirements of the machine and, afterward, describes the different technologies available to develop the support system of a reliable microturbine. Conventional (rolling element and oil-film) supports and cutting-edge (magnetic, aerodynamic, and aerostatic) bearings are reviewed. Particularly, their suitability to the operating conditions is compared by means of a literature review and elaboration of the relevant data. By analyzing all this information, a new concept for the design of a micro-GT support system is devised. Instead of using a single type of bearing as usual, the new system includes different types in order to take advantage of the best characteristics of each one and, simultaneously, to minimize the effects of the relevant flaws. The innovative support system requires a suitable bearing arrangement, which is compared with the conventional ones. The conceptual design of the innovation is completed by a discussion of its advantages, drawbacks, and prospective improvements.
The State and Law in the Soviet Union (1988)

Has crime disappeared in communist countries? The answer is, of course, obvious. It is quite clear that crime has not vanished in Soviet style communist societies, and there are no indications that it is going to. Indeed, the last defenders of this unrealistic thesis can be found not in the East where the reality of crime has been sufficiently forceful to necessitate some shifts even in the official pronouncements, but rather, in the West.1
Surface analysis of oxidized aluminium. 2. Oxidation of aluminium in dry and humid atmosphere studied by ESCA, SEM, SAM and EDX (1994)

Abstract Pure Al (99.998%) and technically pure Al (99.5%) were oxidized in oxygen at room temperature, 250°C and 500°C. The oxidized samples were exposed to a humid atmosphere (80% RH) at room temperature for times ranging from 1 day to 1 month. The reaction products were analysed by ESCA, scanning Auger microscopy, energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and SEM. The thicknesses of the surface oxides formed during oxidation for 5 h at the same temperatures as above are 15, 22 and 65 Å, respectively. After exposure of the technically pure Al material to a humid atmosphere the analyses show localized corrosion and formation of hydroxide at noble precipitates like Al 3 Fe and α‐AlFeSi. The distribution of hydroxide particles on oxidized Al can be recorded by SEM owing to the fact that the secondary electron yield of Al 2 O 3 is larger than the yield of Al(OH) 3 . Exposure of pure Al, preoxidized at room temperature, to a humid atmosphere for 1 week causes a growth of the oxide thickness from 15 to 22 Å. The corresponding growth in a dry atmosphere for the same time is only 1 Å. It is suggested that the growth in a humid atmosphere is due to hydration of Al 2 O 3 . Thereby, the oxide becomes thinner and oxidation of Al occurs. The Al(OH) 3 formed by hydration is decomposed to Al 2 O 3 in the ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) system and is therefore detected as an oxide growth.
Distributed Inference of Channel Occupation Probabilities in Cognitive Networks via Message Passing (2010)

In this paper we propose a novel, versatile graph model to solve efficiently and in a fully distributed fashion problems of collaborative inference in Cognitive Networks. Specifically, we develop an algorithm that estimates the probabilities of channel occupation for secondary network nodes; the algorithm can be used either to compute multiple, location-dependent, soft probability estimates relative to each single node, or to make a global decision about the presence of primary users in the overall area where a cognitive network operates. These goals are achieved by exchanging messages among cognitive nodes without the need of any centralized controller or fusion center. The proposed approach is based on the representation of the network as a factor graph which incorporates in itself three elements: 1) spectrum sensing measurements collected by individual nodes; 2) spatial correlations existing between pairs of neighboring nodes; 3) temporal evolution of the probability of presence of primary users. Bayesian inference on the resulting graph is then performed by iterative Belief Propagation, using the Sum-Product rule. Thanks to the correspondence between graph nodes and physical network nodes, the algorithm is implemented according to a Network Message Passing strategy where messages are actual packets sent by network nodes to neighbors. To determine the spatial interaction coefficients, that are a key component in the model, we derive a learning procedure that allows to set the parameters according to empirical statistics (e.g., a set of past observations or training data). Again, this procedure is completely distributed and can be implemented by each node based on local (neighbors') information only.
A comparative analysis of various developmental stages of<i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>with respect to their protein composition (1977)

Summary The protein composition of Schistosoma mansoni was analysed by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide slab gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. A high degree of identity existed between protein patterns obtained from immature and adult parasites of the two sexes. Some stage-and sex-specific components were identified and their possible origin discussed.
Study on the Synthese of Carboxymethyl Chitosan (2001)

Objective: To prepare water soluble carboxymethyl chitosan .Methods: Chitosan was dissolved in chloroacetic acid solution and sodium hydroxide solution was added. After the reaction,excessive water was vaporized. Carboxymethyl chitosan was precipitated with the addition of alcohol and separated by filtration. Results: The results showed that,with the molar ratio of chloroacetic acid to chitosan polymer unit being 1:3,sodium hydroxide to chloroacetic acid being 1:1,water soluble carboxymethyl chitosan was obtained with the yield 87%. Conclusion: This method is simple and the product is good in its appearance.
Middleware infrastructure for parallel and distributed programming models in heterogeneous systems (2003)

We introduce a middleware infrastructure that provides software services for developing and deploying high-performance parallel programming models and distributed applications on clusters and networked heterogeneous systems. This middleware infrastructure utilizes distributed agents residing on the participating machines and communicating with one another to perform the required functions. An intensive study of the parallel programming models in Java has helped identify the common requirements for a runtime support environment, which we used to define the middleware functionality. A Java-based prototype, based on this architecture, has been developed along with a Java object-passing interface (JOPI) class library. Since this system is written completely in Java, it is portable and allows executing programs in parallel across multiple heterogeneous platforms. With the middleware infrastructure, users need not deal with the mechanisms of deploying and loading user classes on the heterogeneous system. Moreover, details of scheduling, controlling, monitoring, and executing user jobs are hidden, while the management of system resources is made transparent to the user. Such uniform services are essential for facilitating the development and deployment of scalable high-performance Java applications on clusters and heterogeneous systems. An initial deployment of a parallel Java programming model over a heterogeneous, distributed system shows good performance results. In addition, a framework for the agents' startup mechanism and organization is introduced to provide scalable deployment and communication among the agents.
Tunnel magnetoresistance for junctions with epitaxial full-Heusler Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 electrodes with B2 and L21 structures (2006)

The tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect has been investigated for magnetic tunnel junctions with epitaxial Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 Heusler electrodes with B2 and L21 structures on a Cr-bufferd MgO substrate. The epitaxially grown Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 has B2 structure when annealed below 400°C, and has L21 structure for annealing above 450°C. The TMR ratio of 76% at room temperature and 106% at 5K were obtained for a MgO(001)∕Cr∕B2-type Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5∕Al oxide/Co75Fe25∕IrMn∕Ta. The TMR ratio is larger than that of magnetic tunnel junction with an L21-type electrode, which may be due to the smoother surface of the B2 structure and disordered L21 structure due to the Cr atom interdiffusion.
Guaranteed delivery of semi-synchronous IP-based communication (2004)

This paper presents an empirical solution for guaranteeing the delivery of synchronous and asynchronous messages within a semi-synchronous IPbased communication domain. The communication infrastructure that is needed between Deaf and hearing communities forms the application domain within which the research is situated. SoftBridging is a framework for multi-modal bridging as well as multi-user, multi-modal conversation sessions. An implementation of this concept called SoftBridge for Instant Messaging Bridging Application (SIMBA), is a communication platform that allows a hearing and Deaf person to communicate inside a single uniform space. The system makes use of various web services to do the actual data conversions such as voice to text and text to voice. Publish-subscribe systems are an emerging paradigm for building a range of distributed applications. The architecture of publishsubscribe systems make use of Message Oriented Middleware (MOM) to guarantee reliable delivery of messages within a communication domain. We have incorporated a publish-subscribe system within the overall architecture of SIMBA. We have thus modified the existing architecture of SIMBA to reliably transport semi-synchronous data over a synchronous established session. We have chosen to use the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for the establishment of a synchronous session between various users and SIMBA. The system is currently being used as a basis for developing a Deaf telephony application that guarantees the delivery of messages no matter the synchrony.
In situ controllable assembly of layered-double-hydroxide-based nickel nanocatalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane (2014)

The dual confinement effects from alumina and LDH precursors produced a new nanoplates-on-pore structure with a uniform distribution and smaller size of Ni nanoparticles (NPs) for the LDOs/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, while enhanced catalytic performance and better resistance to sintering and coking.