gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A cortical neural prosthesis for restoring and enhancing memory (2011)

A primary objective in developing a neural prosthesis is to replace neural circuitry in the brain that no longer functions appropriately. Such a goal requires artificial reconstruction of neuron-to-neuron connections in a way that can be recognized by the remaining normal circuitry, and that promotes appropriate interaction. In this study, the application of a specially designed neural prosthesis using a multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear model is demonstrated by using trains of electrical stimulation pulses to substitute for MIMO model derived ensemble firing patterns. Ensembles of CA3 and CA1 hippocampal neurons, recorded from rats performing a delayed-nonmatch-to-sample (DNMS) memory task, exhibited successful encoding of trial-specific sample lever information in the form of different spatiotemporal firing patterns. MIMO patterns, identified online and in real-time, were employed within a closed-loop behavioral paradigm. Results showed that the model was able to predict successful performance on the same trial. Also, MIMO model-derived patterns, delivered as electrical stimulation to the same electrodes, improved performance under normal testing conditions and, more importantly, were capable of recovering performance when delivered to animals with ensemble hippocampal activity compromised by pharmacologic blockade of synaptic transmission. These integrated experimental-modeling studies show for the first time that, with sufficient information about the neural coding of memories, a neural prosthesis capable of real-time diagnosis and manipulation of the encoding process can restore and even enhance cognitive, mnemonic processes.
[Procalcitonin in the diagnosis of postoperative complications]. (2002)

Individual inflammatory parameters vary in sensitivity and specificity to causative stimulus. PCT when compared to major cytokines and APP reacts sensitively mainly to systemic stimuli accompanying bacterial infection, notably endotoxin. It is characterized by markedly lower sensitivity to non-bacterial stimuli (trauma of surgery) or localized bacterial inflammations. It is this behaviour that makes it a useful diagnostic tool in post-op courses. Unlike other parameters, PCT allows with sufficient sensitivity and specificity single-test diagnosis of initial sepsis.
<i>No. 4 ESS</i>: Mass Announcement Subsystem (1981)

This paper describes a new hardware subsystem developed to provide mass announcement capabilities for No. 4 ESS. The subsystem records, stores, and plays back recorded announcements for distribution through the No. 4 ESS switching network. Announcements are stored in digital form on a moving-head disk system. Microprocessors are used for control of disks and of interfaces. Duplicated hardware ensures high reliability, and extensive self-testing capability is provided
Relation Between Electrical Conductivity and Chemical Stability of BaCeO[sub 3]-Based Proton Conductors with Different Trivalent Dopants (2007)

Trivalent-cation-doped has fairly high protonic conductivity at intermediate temperatures. This paper deals with the effects of the kind of dopant, M in (, Tm, Yb, Lu, In, or Sc), on the electrical (ionic) conductivity at and chemical stability. It was found that the two properties are both governed by the ionic radii of the dopants and are in a trade-off relation. The electrical conductivity seems to be also affected by the electronegativity of the dopant element, i.e., the conductivity increases with increasing ionic radius and decreasing electronegativity (increasing basicity).
Salicylate 5-Hydroxylase from <i>Ralstonia</i> sp. Strain U2: a Monooxygenase with Close Relationships to and Shared Electron Transport Proteins with Naphthalene Dioxygenase (2002)

The genes from the oxygenase cluster nagAaGHAbAcAd of naphthalene-degrading Ralstonia sp. strain U2 were cloned and overexpressed. Salicylate 5-hydroxylase (S5H) activity, converting salicylate to gentisate, was present in vitro only in the single extract of cells with overexpressed nagAaGHAb or in a mixture of three cell extracts containing, respectively, NagGH (the oxygenase components), NagAa (ferredoxin reductase), and NagAb (ferredoxin). Each of the three extracts required for S5H activity was rate limiting in the presence of excess of the others but, when in excess, did not affect the rate of catalysis. S5H catalyzed the 5-hydroxylation of the aromatic rings of 3- and 4-substituted salicylates. However, the methyl group of 5-methylsalicylate was hydroxylated to produce the 5-hydroxymethyl derivative and the 6-position on the ring of 5-chlorosalicylate was hydroxylated, producing 5-chloro-2,6-dihydroxybenzoate. In an assay for the nag naphthalene dioxygenase (NDO) based on the indole-linked oxidation of NADH, three extracts were essential for activity (NagAcAd, NagAa, and NagAb). NDO and S5H were assayed in the presence of all possible combinations of the nag proteins and the corresponding nah NDO proteins from the "classical" naphthalene degrader P. putida NCIMB9816. All three oxygenase components functioned with mixed combinations of the electron transport proteins from either strain. The S5H from strain U2 is a unique monooxygenase which shares sequence similarity with dioxygenases such as NDO but is also sufficiently similar in structure to interact with the same electron transport chain and probably does so in vivo during naphthalene catabolism in strain U2.
Foreword: Biomedical Research and the Law- Embryonic Stem Cells, Clones, and Genes: Science, Law, Politics and Values (2008)

The articles presented in this symposium issue developed from papers delivered at the second in a series of conferences at Hofstra University devoted to the study of "Biomedical Research and the Law." The first conference, held in October 2006, focused on conflicts occasioned by industry funding of biomedical research. The second conference, the subject of this issue, occurred in March 2008 and was dedicated to the study of "Embryonic Stem Cells, Clones, and Genes: Science, Law, Politics and Values." This conference provided a productive context for debate among lawyers, physicians, scientists, theologians, philosophers, journalists, and others about a set of pressing questions facing American society. Among these were questions about how, if at all, to regulate research involving the destruction of embryos, about how best to fund such research, about the potential medical uses of human embryonic stem cells, and about the likely social consequences of research involving them. Participants in the conference debated the relationship between science and religion, and the significance to be assigned to each in research involving embryonic stem cells.
High‐efficiency transient transfection of endothelial cells for functional analysis (2000)

The definition of signaling pathways in endothelial cells has been hampered by the difficulty of transiently transfecting these cells with high efficiency. This investigation was undertaken to develop an efficient technique for the transfection of endothelial cells for functional analyses. Cells cotransfected with plasmid expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the plasmid of interest were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) based on GFP expression. In the sorted cell population, a 2.5-fold enhancement in the number of cells expressing the gene of interest was observed, as confirmed by FACS analysis and Western blotting. Sorted cells retained functional properties, as demonstrated by chemotaxis to the agonist sphingosine 1-phosphate (SPP). To demonstrate the usefulness of this method for defining cellular signaling pathways, cells were cotransfected with plasmids encoding GFP and the carboxyl-terminal domain of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARKct), which inhibits signaling through the beta gamma dimer of heterotrimeric G-proteins. SPP-induced chemotaxis in sorted cells coexpressing beta ARKct was inhibited by 80%, demonstrating that chemotaxis was driven by a beta gamma-dependent pathway. However, no significant inhibition was observed in cells transfected with betaARKct but not enriched by sorting. Thus, we have developed a method for enriching transfected cells that allows the elucidation of crucial mechanisms of endothelial cell activation and function. This method should find wide applicability in studies designed to define pathways responsible for regulation of motility and other functions in these dynamic cells.
A novel power distribution system using a central buck-based current source for multiple individually regulated outputs (2003)

This paper presents a novel power distribution system for supplying multiple individually regulated outputs from a central power supply acting as a controlled current source that contains all the magnetic components. The individual output voltages are filtered by means of capacitors. The current source is realized with a buck converter. The outputs are connected to the current source on a time-shared basis and regulated individually by constant frequency PWM. The buck converter is controlled using average current control. Simulation results and experimental results from a laboratory prototype are presented.
An experimental comparison of complex object implementations for big data systems (2017)

Many cloud-based data management and analytics systems support complex objects. Dataflow platforms such as Spark and Flink allow programmers to manipulate sets consisting of objects from a host programming language (often Java). Document databases such as MongoDB make use of hierarchical interchange formats---most popularly JSON---which embody a data model where individual records can themselves contain sets of records. Systems such as Dremel and AsterixDB allow complex nesting of data structures.
New and highly effective method for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to carbonyl compounds (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew and highly effective method for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to carbonyl compoundsE. J. Corey and C. U. KimCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 21, 7586–7587Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00776a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00776a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4430Altmetric-Citations284LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of Low Frequency Vibration on the Arterial Wall (1971)

Poststenotic dilation is accompanied by alteration of the elastic properties of the arterial wall in the region where a murmur occurs. The low frequency vibrations contained in a murmur may cause the changes observed. Isolated human external iliac arteries were distended with 100 mm Hg pressure and vibrated with specific frequencies from 30 to 400 Hz. When dilation occurred, the radius increased at a rate of 7.1±3.4 SD % per day. However, for each artery, dilation tended to occur with one frequency in preference to others. The amplitude, as long as sufficient to produce vibration of the wall, was not important in determining this tendency. The older the artery the higher the frequency necessary to produce dilation. Young vessels, under 45 years, responded best to frequencies <100 Hz, and vessels 45-60 years old responded to frequencies 100-200 Hz and older vessels, >60 years, dilated with frequencies >200 Hz. The elastic diagram of the vessel after dilation showed the major change to be in the elastin component of the arterial wall rather than the collagen. These findings correspond to those seen in a vessel displaying poststenotic dilation.
Experimental study and numerical simulation of vibration control energy transducer (2010)

The energy transition vibration control is a high effective control technique, whose principle is to use the transducer set on appropriate locations to transform the seismic energy and store it. The control method can protect the structure from the earthquake. The numerical simulation and experimental study on the transducer were conducted. First, mathematic and simulated model of the transducer were deduced and a set of transducer was developed and tested. Furthermore, the comparison of experimental results and simulation results was finished. The study shows the new transducer can effectively transform the vibration energy to hydraulic energy and the theoretical model can accurately describe the mechanical performance of the transducer.
Synthesis of Biotinylated c-di-Gmp And c-di-Amp using Click Conjugation (2013)

The biotinylated c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP conjugates 10a/b were synthesized by a straightforward set of procedures from standard, commercially available phosphoramidites. Their availability should allow isolation and characterization of new protein and RNA receptors for these key bacterial signaling molecules.
[Permanent atrial resynchronization by synchronous bi-atrial pacing in the preventive treatment of atrial flutter associated with high degree interatrial block]. (1994)

during sinus rhythm atrial resynchronization induced a reduction of the P wave duration from 181 +/- 28 ms to 116 +/- 12 ms. During permanent pacing the mean value decreased from 209 +/- 38 ms to 108 +/- 13 ms. During follow-up (34 +/- 15 months) arrhythmia prevention was assessed by history, by monthly surface ECG's and by bimonthly 24 hours Holters recordings and telemetric interrogation of the pacemaker statistics. Twenty-one patients did not experienced any recurrence of arrhythmia. One to three recurrences occurred in the other seven patients, including six patients implanted with a conventional DDDR unit. These preliminary results seem validate the new concept of atrial resynchronization for prevention of atrial arrhythmia associated with interatrial conduction block.
Programming Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Patchy Particles into Colloidal Crystals <i>via</i> Colloidal Molecules (2018)

Colloidal self-assembly is a promising bottom-up route to a wide variety of three-dimensional structures, from clusters to crystals. Programming hierarchical self-assembly of colloidal building blocks, which can give rise to structures ordered at multiple levels to rival biological complexity, poses a multiscale design problem. Here we explore a generic design principle that exploits a hierarchy of interaction strengths and employ this design principle in computer simulations to demonstrate the hierarchical self-assembly of triblock patchy colloidal particles into two distinct colloidal crystals. We obtain cubic diamond and body-centered cubic crystals via distinct clusters of uniform size and shape, namely, tetrahedra and octahedra, respectively. Such a conceptual design framework has the potential to reliably encode hierarchical self-assembly of colloidal particles into a high level of sophistication. Moreover, the design framework underpins a bottom-up route to cubic diamond colloidal crystals, which have remained elusive despite being much sought after for their attractive photonic applications.
Self-healing effects in the fabrication process of photonic crystals (2000)

We demonstrate a self-healing effect of unwanted defects in the autocloning process: autocloning is a previously proposed technique to fabricate multidimensional periodic nanostructures by stacking up corrugated multilayers. With the self-healing effect, aperiodic perturbations in the initial periodic shape of the structure immediately disappear and the surface shape becomes periodic in a few cycles of stacking. If the perturbations exist in photonic crystal, they cause light-scattering loss and also make the boundaries between photonic bands and band gaps unclear. In other words, they make the attenuation of light at the frequency in photonic band gaps weak. Consequently, to attain uniformity of the shape automatically with this effect is very important in the fabrication process for practical photonic crystal devices. In this letter, we verify this phenomenon experimentally, and discuss the mechanism by comparison with process simulation.
Plasma Actuators for Separation Control on Stationary and Oscillating Airfoils (2004)

Abstract : Given the importance of separation control associated with retreating blade stall on helicopters, the primary objective of this work was to develop a plasma actuator flow control device for its use in controlling leading-edge separation on stationary and oscillating airfoils. The plasma actuator consists of two copper electrodes separated by a dielectric insulator. When the voltage supplied to the electrodes is sufficiently high, the surrounding air ionizes forms plasma in the regions of high electrical field potential. The ionized air, in the presence of an electric field gradient, results in a body force on the flow.
Inferring Missing Entity Type Instances for Knowledge Base Completion: New Dataset and Methods (2015)

Most of previous work in knowledge base (KB) completion has focused on the problem of relation extraction. In this work, we focus on the task of inferring missing entity type instances in a KB, a fundamental task for KB competition yet receives little attention. Due to the novelty of this task, we construct a large-scale dataset and design an automatic evaluation methodology. Our knowledge base completion method uses information within the existing KB and external information from Wikipedia. We show that individual methods trained with a global objective that considers unobserved cells from both the entity and the type side gives consistently higher quality predictions compared to baseline methods. We also perform manual evaluation on a small subset of the data to verify the effectiveness of our knowledge base completion methods and the correctness of our proposed automatic evaluation method.
Isolating the effects of surface vasculature in infant neuroimaging using short-distance optical channels: a combination of local and global effects (2016)

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) records hemodynamic changes in the cortex arising from neurovascular coupling. However, (noninvasive) fNIRS recordings also record surface vascular signals arising from noncortical sources (e.g., in the skull, skin, dura, and other tissues located between the sensors and the brain). A current and important focus in the fNIRS community is determining how to remove these noncortical vascular signals to reduce noise and to prevent researchers from erroneously attributing responses to cortical sources. The current study is the first to test a popular method for removing signals from the surface vasculature (removing short, 1 cm, channel recordings from long, 3 cm, channel recordings) in human infants, a population frequently studied using fNIRS. We find evidence that this method does remove surface vasculature signals and indicates the presence of both local and global surface vasculature signals. However, we do not find that the removal of this information changes the statistical inferences drawn from the data. This latter result not only questions the importance of removing surface vasculature responses for empiricists employing this method, but also calls for future research using other tasks (e.g., ones with a weaker initial result) with this population and possibly additional methods for removing signals arising from the surface vasculature in infants.
홀로된 노인의 성 문제와 사회복지접 개입에 관한 고찰 (2002)

2000년 7월 1일을 기점으로 우리나라의 65세 이상 노인이 전 인구의 7%를 차지하는 공식적인 고령화사회에 진입함에 따라 장기화된 노년기를 건강하고 의미있게 보내기 위한 사회적 관심도 점점 높아지고 있다. 그런 의미에서 노년기에 있어서 성은 많은 의미를 지니고 있다고 할 수 있다. 노인에게 있어서의 성은 단지 생물학적인 성욕을 해소하는 수단으로서만 존재하는 것이 아니라 노년기에 찾아올 수 있는 고독감을 해소하고 정서적인 친밀감을 유지 하도록 도와주기 때문에 노인의 삶의 질을 높여주는데 매우 중요한 역할을 담당한다고 할 수 있다. 실제로 국내·외의 많은 연구결과들은 남녀 노인간에 정도의 차이는 있지만 대다수의 노인들이 성적 능력을 지니고 있으며 건전한 이성교제와 재혼을 희망하고 있음을 입증해 주고 있다. 그러나 노인의 성에 대한 한국 사회의 시각이 아직까지는 매우 부정적이고 폐쇄 적이어서 홀로된 노인들은 자신의 성적욕구조차 억압하거나 부적절한 방법으로 해소할 수밖에 없는 현실에 처해있으며 이로 인해 사회문제를 발생시키기도 한다. 따라서 사회복지분야에서 홀로된 노인들이 자신의 성문제를 건강한 방법으로 해소하고 삶의 질과 만족도를 향상 시키도록 다양한 서비스들이 마련되어야 한다. 이를 위해서 홀로된 노인 대상의 성상담 및 다양한 교육 프로그램의 실시, 이성교제와 재혼 서비스의 활성화, 노인 성상담 전문인력과 기관의 확대, 홀로된 노인을 위한 국가의 경제적 지원책 마련, 노인의 성에 대한 사회적 편견의 해소를 위한 홍보활동을 적극적으로 추진하여야 할 것이다.
Fecal Hydrogen Sulfide Production in Ulcerative Colitis (1998)

Increased H2S release is a relatively localized metabolic aberration of ulcerative colitis feces. This increased H2S may reflect abnormalities of the fecal bacteria and/or substrate availability.
L-selectin can facilitate metastasis to lymph nodes in a transgenic mouse model of carcinogenesis (2001)

L-selectin mediates homing of lymphocytes to lymph nodes (LN). Transgenic mice that express rat insulin promoter regulated simian virus 40 Tag (RIP-Tag) develop large, local cancers that metastasize to liver but not LN. To test whether this lack of LN metastases reflects their absence from the circulation, transgenic mice were produced that express Tag (T), L-selectin (L), and Escherichia coli LacZ (Z), in pancreatic beta cells. LTZ mice developed insulinomas that specifically had LN metastases; metastasis was blocked by an anti L-selectin mAb. LacZ(+) tumor cells from these LN homed to secondary LN upon transfer. These results suggest that the highly vascularized islet carcinomas are shedding tumor cells into the bloodstream, which is a necessary but insufficient condition for metastasis to occur; L-selectin can facilitate homing of such tumor cells to LN, resulting in metastasis.
Evaluation of Ice Adhesion Strength on Erosion Resistant Materials (2013)

Ice-adhesion properties were evaluated for coating systems based on titanium nitride applied via cathodic-arc physical vapor deposition developed for rotorcraft erosion caps. The ice-adhesion strength of titanium nitride and titanium aluminum nitride was determined experimentally and compared to the ice-adhesion strength of uncoated metallic materials currently used on rotor-blade leading-edge caps: stainless steel 430, Inconel 625, and titanium grade 2. Environmental and material parameters were investigated to identify which were most influential on impact ice-adhesion strength. The effects of median volumetric diameter of the cloud droplets, liquid water content of the cloud, ambient temperature, surface roughness, and material grain direction were tested on stainless steel 430. Tests revealed that surface roughness and temperature have the greatest effect on ice-adhesion strength. There was an increase in adhesion strength of 670% from −8 to −16 °C and 250% increase from 0.61 to 2.67Ra  μm. An increas...