gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual-Axis <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:math>-Pulse Magnetometer with Suppressed Spin-Exchange Relaxation (2019)

We present a spin-exchange relaxation-free vector magnetometer with suppressed 1<i>/f</i> probe noise, achieved by applying a small dc bias field and a comb of magnetic dc <i>π</i> pulses along the pump direction. This results in a synchronous orthogonal ac response for each of its two sensitive axes. The magnetometer is particularly well suited to applications such as biomagnetism in which the signal to be measured carries a dominant component of its power at low frequencies. The magnetometer reaches a technical noise floor of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>8</mml:mtext> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>.4 fT Hz</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mtext>-1/2</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mover><mml:mstyle><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mstyle> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>11 fT Hz</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mtext>-1/2</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mover><mml:mstyle><mml:mi>y</mml:mi></mml:mstyle> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:math> at 0.01 Hz. A single-axis dc spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer sharing the same experimental apparatus attains 61 fT Hz<sup>-1<i>/</i>2</sup> at the same frequency. A noise minimum of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>1</mml:mtext> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>.1 fT Hz</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mtext>-1/2</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mover><mml:mstyle><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mstyle> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>2</mml:mtext> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>.0 fT Hz</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mtext>-1/2</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mover><mml:mstyle><mml:mi>y</mml:mi></mml:mstyle> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo></mml:mover> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:math> is reached by the magnetometer at10 Hz, compared to 0.7 fT Hz<sup>-1<i>/</i>2</sup> at 25 Hz for a dc SERF magnetometer.
Transmission and optical label swapping for 4/spl times/40 gb/s WDM signals deploying orthogonal ASK/DPSK labeling (2005)

In this letter, we report a novel amplitude shift keying/differential phase-shift keying (ASK/DPSK) optical packet encoding method that can significantly reduce the crosstalk between the ASK payload and the DPSK label through spectrum shaping. We demonstrate wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transmission for 4/spl times/40 Gb/s labeled return-to-zero signals, including label swapping by Kerr switching of one of the channels, with an overall penalty of 3.3 dB for the payload and 0.3 dB for the label, clearly validating this orthogonal modulation scheme as a potential solution for future ultrahigh-speed Internet protocol-over-WDM networks.
Designing Handheld Software to Support Classroom Assessment: An Analysis of Conditions for Teacher Adoption (2005)

Since 2002, Project WHIRL (Wireless Handhelds In Reflection on Learning) has investigated potential uses of handheld computers in K-12 science classrooms using a teacherinvolved process of software development and field trials.The project is a three-year research and development grant from the National Science Foundation, and it is a partnership between SRI International and a medium-sized district in South Carolina, Beaufort County School District.In contrast to many recent handheld development projects aimed at developing curricular materials, Project WHIRL focused on the development of assessment materials.In Project WHIRL, teachers were asked to apply their own curricular materials, content understanding, and pedagogical content knowledge to the project.Teachers and SRI researchers, software developers, and assessment specialists worked together to design software and activities that could be used across a variety of topic areas and science and in multiple phases of instruction to improve classroom assessment.This design process revealed to the research team teachers' beliefs and assumptions about assessment as well as a wide range of practices they used to find out what their students know and can do, both informal and formal.In this paper, we focus on how teachers' initial teaching and assessment practices influenced the design of handheld software and the ways in which these designs have been used across a variety of teachers' classrooms.In addition, this paper provides some preliminary answers to two of the key research questions we outlined at the outset of our project: What kinds of software designs can be feasibly implemented in classrooms that support effective assessment practice? What are the conditions under which teachers can adopt handheld tools to support classroom assessment?
USB Device Simulation Based on DSF (2011)

USB(Universal Serial Bus) is currently the most popular interface standard using on computer peripheral devices.In order to develop device driver for the USB device in advance,we introduce how it use DSF(Device Simulation Framework) to simulate USB devices that are not physically existed.The steps of developing a simulated device mainly include: build the dynamic link library for the device in order to describe the functional feature of the device using a COM complied language,then using a script file to describe the behavior of the simulated device.Above the operating system level,there is no difference between the simulated devices and the physically existed devices,and the simulated device can be used for developing and testing the drivers or the applications.
PREVALENCE OF PRIMARY SJÖGREN'S SYNDROME IN AN ELDERLY POPULATION (1988)

Sixty-two elderly apparently healthy volunteers, inmates of a public nursing home, were examined for evidence of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Evaluation included a specific questionnaire for subjective xerophthalmia and xerostomia, slit-lamp eye examination after rose Bengal staining. Schirmer's I test, stimulated parotid flow measurement, testing of sera for autoantibodies and labial minor salivary gland biopsy. A greater than or equal to 2+ lip biopsy score on Tarpley's scale was a sine qua non for the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. Labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsy revealed fibrosis and/or fatty infiltration in the majority of the individuals, related to ageing. However, four people had a lip biopsy score of greater than or equal to 2+, which, supplemented by other objective criteria, classified three of them as having pSS. Another four had an LSG biopsy score of 1+, and although they fulfilled other objective criteria, they could not be characterized as pSS. All these individuals were completely asymptomatic, and none of them had anti-Ro(SSA) or anti-La(SSB) autoantibodies. The present study suggests that pSS in elderly people in elderly people is subclinical, benign and relatively common.
拨开迷雾，二手／工包产品选购经验谈 (2005)

随着摩尔定律一如既往地“左右”着电脑配件的发展，升级已经成为了DIYer们永恒的话题。合理升级电脑，不但可以让老机焕发青春，也能最大程度地减少开支。升级过程中秉承“少花钱多办事”的必要原则，这样才算得上是理性升级。因此．不少DIY玩家将目标硬件来源锁定在了二手／工包市场上．通过在卖场淘金，希望利用廉价二手硬件这一升级法宝不断跟上“潮流”。
Paraoxonase-1 activities in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (2016)

All paraoxonase-1 activities were lower in diabetic children and adolescents, but only the decrease in the lactonase activity was statistically significant. Although lipid profile and glycaemic control were altered in diabetics, no differences were observed between groups regarding oxidized LDL level.
Inhibitor Binding to the Binuclear Active Site of Tyrosinase: Temperature, pH, and Solvent Deuterium Isotope Effects (1994)

Competitive inhibition of the monophenolase reaction of tyrosinase by a variety of compounds was investigated with respect to temperature and pH. Derivatives of benzoic acid as well as p-nitrophenol were the best inhibitors. Toluene and several N-heterocycles were all weak inhibitors. Thermodynamic parameters of toluene inhibition were qualitatively different from those of aromatic acids and were consistent with a hydrophobic binding site for toluene. Inhibition by both aromatic acids and p-nitrophenol was strongly pH-dependent over the range 5.1-8.0, with inhibitor binding favored at lower pH. In contrast, toluene binding and indazole binding were pH-independent while benzimidazole binding was favored at higher pH. For both carboxylic acids and p-nitrophenol, inhibitor binding was quantitatively accounted for by assuming the protonated, electrically neutral form of the inhibitor is the reactive species. A solvent deuterium isotope effect on the binding of benzoic acid was observed. A proton inventory study indicated that a single proton transferred from benzoic acid to a site with a fractionation factor of 0.64 +/- 0.02 accounts for the isotope effect. The identity of the proton acceptor and possible mechanistic implications are discussed.
ALTO: an iterative area/performance tradeoff algorithm for LUT-based FPGA technology mapping (2000)

In this paper, we propose an iterative area/performance tradeoff algorithm for look-up table (LUT)-based field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology mapping. First, it finds an area-optimized, performance-considered initial network by a modified area optimization technique. Then, an iterative algorithm consisting of several resynthesizing techniques is applied to trade the area for the performance in the network gracefully. Experimental results show that this approach can efficiently provide a complete set of mapping solutions from the area-optimized one to the performance-optimized one for the given design. Furthermore, these two extreme solutions produced by our algorithm outperform the results provided by most existing algorithms. Therefore, our algorithm is very useful for the timing-driven, LUT-based FPGA synthesis.
Surface Crystallization of Amorphous Solid Water (2004)

We demonstrate that the crystallization of thin, supported amorphous solid water layers is initiated at the water surface. This is concluded from the observation of sequential crystallization of amorphous water at the surface, in the bulk, and at the water-support interface. A surface nucleation model quantitatively reproduces the observed transformation kinetics at the three sites.
Medium -scale integrated micromechanical filters for wireless communications. (2007)

High-order beam-based micromechanical filters, employing for the first time bridging between nonadjacent resonators to effect loss poles for better filter shape factors, have been demonstrated with insertion loss less than 3 dB, sharper passband-to-stopband roll-offs than achievable by equivalent non-bridged filters, and around 50 dB of stopband rejection. In addition, these filters possess a demonstrated self-switching property by virtue of their dc-biased capacitive transducers that allow them to achieve zero-loss on/off filter switching without the need for lossy series switches, and with settling times down to 1.5 mus, 7X faster than that of RF MEMS switches. To attain higher frequencies, a medium-scale integrated (MSI) fully differential vibrating micromechanical filter circuit that comprises 128 radial-mode disk and mechanical link elements to achieve low motional resistance while suppressing unwanted modes and feedthrough signals has been demonstrated with an insertion loss of 2.43 dB for 0.06% bandwidth, a 20 dB shape factor of 2.85, and a stopband rejection greater than 25 dB, all with a constituent resonator motional resistance <italic> R<sub>x</sub></italic> of only 977 O and filter termination impedances around 1.5 kO for each port. Furthermore, a method for realizing a high-order on-chip filter response that combines two fourth-order (i.e., two-pole) micro-mechanically-coupled MEMS-based disk-array sub-filters in a parallel configuration has been used to demonstrate a 163-MHz eighth-order (i.e., four-pole) bandpass filter with a 0.16%-bandwidth insertion loss of 2.73 dB, and a 20 dB shape factor of only 1.78. To boost frequencies even past 1 GHz while maintaining reasonable impedances, vibrating polysilicon micromechanical spoke-supported ring resonators, obtained by removing quadrants of material from a solid disk resonator, but purposely leaving intact beams of material with quarter-wavelength dimensions to non-intrusively support the structure, have been demonstrated in several vibration modes spanning frequencies from HF (24.4 MHz), to VHF (72.1 MHz), to UHF (1.458 GHz), with <italic> Q</italic>'s as high as 67,519, 48,026, and 8,832, respectively. Furthermore, the use of notched support attachments closer to actual extensional ring nodal points raises the <italic>Q</italic> to 15,248 in vacuum and 10,165 in air at 1.463 GHz, which is the highest yet achieved past 1 GHz, and which clearly illustrates the utility of notching for substantially higher <italic>Q</italic>.
How dare you ? La jeunesse en mode survie (2021)

La passivation adolescente semble révolue avec l’avènement d’une jeunesse citoyenne mobilisée pour la défense du vivant. Mais le sauvetage du contenant a un coût extrême pour le sujet en développement si l’adulte ne l’assure pas lui-même, comme le montre la clinique de certains adolescents suicidaires, chez qui les reproches aux adultes ne peuvent plus se faire que par les passages à l’acte, et non plus par les mots ou par les actes.
Detection Loophole in Asymmetric Bell Experiments (2007)

The problem of closing the detection loophole with asymmetric systems, such as entangled atom-photon pairs, is addressed. We show that, for the Bell inequality I3322, a minimal detection efficiency of 43% can be tolerated for one of the particles, if the other one is always detected. We also study the influence of noise and discuss the prospects of experimental implementation.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary (2000)

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will provide the data to support detailed investigations of the distribution of luminous and nonluminous matter in the universe: a photometrically and astrometrically calibrated digital imaging survey of π sr above about Galactic latitude 30° in five broad optical bands to a depth ofg' ~ 23 mag, and a spectroscopic survey of the approximately 106brightest galaxies and 105brightest quasars found in the photometric object catalog produced by the imaging survey. This paper summarizes the observational parameters and data products of the SDSS and serves as an introduction to extensive technical on-line documentation.
On the Origin of Microparticles: From “Platelet Dust” to Mediators of Intercellular Communication (2013)

Microparticles are submicron vesicles shed from a variety of cells. Peter Wolf first identified microparticles in the midst of ongoing blood coagulation research in 1967 as a product of platelets. He termed them platelet dust. Although initially thought to be useless cellular trash, decades of research focused on the tiny vesicles have defined their roles as participators in coagulation, cellular signaling, vascular injury, and homeostasis. The purpose of this review is to highlight the science leading up to the discovery of microparticles, feature discoveries made by key contributors to the field of microparticle research, and discuss their positive and negative impact on the pulmonary circulation.
Operation of subsea electricalsubmersible pumps supplied overextended length cable systems (2000)

The special circumstances are considered of an induction motor driven submersible pump supplied from a variable frequency converter which is remote from the pump location, necessitating subsea cables which may be considerably longer than in normal practice. The principal objective of the series of practical tests is to investigate the performance of such systems to evaluate a complete electromechanical system model for use in the prediction of the current and torque requirements of the drive, and to assess the effect of converter switching patterns on the voltage profile of the transmission section. Results of computer studies are presented which are validated by comparison with measurements taken on an ESP system during precommissioning tests. The factors affecting the inservice operational characteristics of the drive are discussed and recommendations made.
Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes (2003)

In this paper, a physical model is developed that is semiphenomenological and takes into account Schroeder's paradox. Using the wealth of knowledge contained in the literature regarding polymer-electrolyte membranes as a basis, a novel approach is taken in tying together all of the data into a single coherent theory. This approach involves describing the structural changes of the membrane due to water content, and casting this in terms of capillary phenomena. By treating the membrane in this fashion, Schroeder's paradox can be elucidated. Along with the structural changes, two different transport mechanisms are presented and discussed. These mechanisms, along with the membrane's structural changes, comprise the complete physical model of the membrane. The model is shown to agree qualitatively with different membranes and different membrane forms, and is applicable to modeling perfluorinated sulfonic acid and similar membranes. It is also the first physically based comprehensive model of transport in a membrane that includes a physical description of Schroeder's paradox, and it bridges the gap between the two types of macroscopic models currently in the literature. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
A low noise, high efficiency two stage envelope modulator structure for EDGE polar modulation (2009)

This paper presents a transistor level design of a novel envelope modulator structure using a high efficiency voltage doubler followed with a buck DC-DC converter for polar modulation. In order to let the output voltage of the buck converter follows the fast changing EDGE (Enhancement Data-rate for GSM Evolution) reference signal, current mode control and 10 MHz switching frequency are implemented, and ripple cancellation circuits are added in order to further improve the spectral performance. The simulation results show that the output spectrum of the proposed two stage structure complies with the EDGE transmission standard and the spurious noise is greatly reduced by 50 dB compared to 4 switch buck boost converter (4SBBC). This two stage solution also maintains more than 75% average energy efficiency and is a good candidate for EDGE polar modulation.
Design of a low VSWR harmonics, low loss SP6T switch for GSM/Edge applications. (2007)

In this paper the design and measurement of a high performance SP6T GaAs pHEMT switch for Quad-Band GSM/EDGE Front-Ends are discussed. The design uses a novel approach to reduce the generated harmonic levels at 3 V supply, 35 dBm drive and antenna VSWR of 5:1 down to -40 dBm, the lowest levels for the multi-mode multi-throw switches reported to date. Besides low harmonic performance, low TX insertion loss of below 0.5 dB at 2 GHz and RX insertion loss of below 1 dB at 2 GHz is achieved.
Wireless LAN communication base stations using quasi-optical amplifiers (1995)

This paper presents, for the first time in the microwave literature, a method of using a quasi-optical amplifier in the base station of a millimetre-wave wireless LAN. Layouts for wireless LAN base stations using transmission and reflection mode quasi-optical amplifiers are presented. The reflection mode amplifier array is especially suitable for use as a no-wiring relay station. Results for prototype reflection mode amplifiers which operate at a frequency of 15GHz are also presented.
Design and Implementation of a Low Cost, Hierarchical and Modular Avionics Architecture for the DragonFly UAVs (2002)

We present the design and implementation of the safety critical avionics for the Stanford DragonFly Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The software architecture of the avionics is based on the Server-Client architecture of QNX Neutrino, the real-time operating system used. Our architecture is hierarchical and modular: it isolates user-defined applications from underlying low-level system services for implementing inter-process communication, data-acquisition, and associated hardware management. Also, we employ a new run-time scheduling algorithm to maximize the execution of tasks within a given deadline. The integrated hardware architecture is based on standard PC/104 and RS232 technology, making it possible to use Commercial O-The-Shelf (COTS) components and provide an ecient means of communication between components. We have developed this architecture in parallel (and in conjunction) with Boeing’s Open Control Platform (OCP) architecture, which is a new software infrastructure based on real-time CORBA technology, and we use the OCP to implement ground station functionalities. We present the design principles and choices, the resulting avionics architecture, and the implementation in a robust and compact avionics package. We then present initial results of the avionics in car tests, and discuss the results.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Degradation of L‐Ascorbic Acid Acetals to 2′,3′‐Dideoxy‐3′‐ oxaribofuranosides. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 2′,3′‐Dideoxy‐3′ ‐oxacytidine Stereoisomers as Potential Antiviral Agents. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electrochemical Oxidation-Reduction Properties of Covalently Bound FAD of Cholesterol Oxidase Adsorbed on Mercury Electrode Surface (1981)

Abstract Cholesterol oxidase from Schizophyllum commune was studied by cyclic d.c. and a.c. voltammetry with a hanging mercury drop electrode. The enzyme gave d.c. and a.c. waves due to covalently bound FAD of the enzyme adsorbed on an electrode surface. The waves were interpreted in terms of d.c. and a.c. voltammetry of a twostep surface redox reaction. The standard surface oxidation-reduction potential of the enzyme adsorbed on the electrode surface, Es′, was −0.325 V vs. SCE, the semiquinone formation constant being 1.5±1.0 at pH 7.4 (25 °C). The pH dependence of Es′ was −60 mV/pH (pH 2.0–6.4), −30 mV/pH (pH 6.4–8.5), and −60 mV/pH (pH 8.5–12.0). The apparent charge transfer rate constant of the surface redox reaction was 1.6±0.5×103 s−1 at pH 5.4.