gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of Cytokines and Chemokines in Human Monocytes by<i>Mycoplasma fermentans</i>-Derived Lipoprotein MALP-2 (1999)

Bacterial infections are characterized by strong inflammatory reactions. The responsible mediators are often bacterially derived cell wall molecules, such as lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acids, which typically stimulate monocytes and macrophages to release a wide variety of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Mycoplasmas, which lack a cell wall, may also stimulate monocytes very efficiently. This study was performed to identify mycoplasma-induced mediators. We investigated the induction of cytokines and chemokines in human monocytes exposed to the Mycoplasma fermentans-derived membrane component MALP-2 (macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2) by dose response and kinetic analysis. We found a rapid and strong MALP-2-inducible chemokine and cytokine gene expression which was followed by the release of chemokines and cytokines with peak levels after 12 to 20 h. MALP-2 induced the neutrophil-attracting CXC chemokines interleukin-8 (IL-8) and GRO-alpha as well as the mononuclear leukocyte-attracting CC chemokines MCP-1, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta. Production of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-6 started at the same time as chemokine release but required 10- to 100-fold-higher MALP-2 doses. The data show that the mycoplasma-derived lipopeptide MALP-2 represents a potent inducer of chemokines and cytokines which may, by the attraction and activation of neutrophils and mononuclear leukocytes, significantly contribute to the inflammatory response during mycoplasma infection.
Expression of Rho‐kinase (ROCK‐1 and ROCK‐2) and its substantial role in the contractile activity of the sheep ureter (2004)

Expression of two isoforms of Rho-kinase (ROCK) and its functional role in the physiological control of smooth muscle contraction in the sheep ureter were investigated. Helical strips of the ureteric smooth muscle were stimulated by electrical field stimulation (EFS, 60 V, 1 mS, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 Hz, for 20 S), KCl (80 mm), carbachol (CCh, 10(-8)-10(-4) m) or phenylephrine (Phe, 10(-8)-10(-4) m). EFS produced a reproducible contractile activity, which was abolished by tetrodotoxin (3 x 10(-6) m), a Na(+) channel blocker. A muscarinic receptor antagonist, atropine (2 x 10(-6) m), and an adrenergic neuron blocker, guanethidine (10(-5) m), significantly suppressed the contraction induced by EFS. However, this contraction was augmented in the presence of N(G)-nitro-l-arginine (l-NA, 10(-4) m), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Two Rho-kinase inhibitors, Y-27632 (5 x 10(-5) m) and fasudil (5 x 10(-5) m), markedly attenuated the EFS-elicited contraction. CCh and Phe produced concentration-dependent contraction in the sheep ureter. pD(2) values for Phe and CCh were 5.04+/-0.11 and 5.00+/-0.22, respectively. Y-27632 (5 x 10(-5) m) and fasudil (5 x 10(-5) m) also significantly inhibited CCh- and Phe-induced contractions. Moreover, these ROCK inhibitors produced relaxations in the KCl-elicited contraction in a concentration-dependent manner. pD(2) values for Y-27632 and fasudil were, respectively, 5.17+/-0.07 and 4.58+/-0.08 (P<0.001). Furthermore, the influences of these agents were also tested on spontaneous phasic contractions of the tissue. Among Y-27632, fasudil, TTX, l-NA, guanethidine and atropine, only the ROCK inhibitors (10(-6)-10(-5) m) were able to suppress the spontaneous contractile activity. Western blot analysis has revealed that both isoforms of Rho-kinase (ROCK-1 and ROCK-2) are expressed in the sheep ureter. Densitometric analysis has indicated that these enzymes are less expressed in the sheep ureter than are in the sheep aorta in a significant manner. These results show that a contractile enzyme, Rho-kinase, is expressed, and it mediates agonist- and EFS-induced contractions as well as spontaneous contractile activity of the isolated sheep ureter. Since Y-27632 and fasudil depressed the contractions, it seems plausible to postulate that Rho-kinase inhibitors may be beneficial in the treatment of renal colic.
058 Variation in β-carotene and Total Carotenoid Content in Capsicum Germplasm (2000)

The β-carotene and total carotenoid content of different Capsicum fruit types and species were analyzed using HPLC. This information is useful for breeding high carotenoid chiles (New Mexican type) for the food industry, and also provides nutritional data for the range of fruit types within the Capsicum genus. Fresh fruit from 25 accessions and dried fruit from 39 accessions were evaluated in 1996 and 1997. β-carotene levels varied from 0 to 16.6 mg/100 g fresh weight, and carotenoid levels were from 0.1 to 89.6 mg/100 g in red ripe fruit in 1996. The range of values for β-carotene was similar in 1997, but a wider range in total carotenoids (0.4 to 117.3 mg/100 g fresh weight) was observed. Fresh fruit (100 g) of the cultivars `Greenleaf Tabasco', `Pulla', `Guajillo', `NuMex Conquistador', `Ring-O-Fire', and `Thai Dragon' contained greater amounts of β-carotene than the RDA for vitamin A for the average adult. For dried Capsicum entries, New Mexican, aji, pasilla, ancho, and guajillo types had the highest levels of β-carotene. In 1996, β-carotene levels among the dried Capsicum germplasm ranged from 0 to 739.2 μg/g dry weight, and carotenoid levels were from 21.3 to 6,225.9 μg/g. Values were higher in 1997, and ranged from 23.7 to 1,198.1 μg/g dry weight for β-carotene and from 76.9 to 10,120.6 μg/g for total carotenoids. A pasilla type ( C. annuum ) had the highest total carotenoid content among the dried entries in both years.
Interactive Modelling of Multiphase Inflow Performance of Horizontal and Highly Deviated Wells (1994)

ABSTRACT An interactive system for modelling of multiphase inflow performance of long, highly deviated and horizontal wells is presented. It's prime areas of use are design of well trajectories and completions, and evaluation of wells inflow performance including calculation of well indices for full reservoir simulation. Further, the system provides a basis for improved integration of the reservoir engineering and the well completion design. The reservoir pressure and multiphase flow distribution is modelled accurately using a finite element method combined with automatic local grid refinement around wells. A comprehensive multiphase wellbore flow model is available for accurate flow modelling in the wellbore. A well inflow model including a generalized formula for calculation of well indicies of wells in arbitrary directions is proposed. Examples are given showing improved inflow performance calculations using the new well indices.
Dénutrition et cancer (1985)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Detection of target nucleic acids and proteins by amplification of circularizable probes (2003)

Circularizable oligonucleotide probe (C-probe) is a unique molecule that offers significant advantages over conventional probes. Closed circular structure can be formed through ligation of its ends after hybridizing onto a target and locked on its target due to the helical turns formed between the complementary sequences of the target and the C-probe (padlock probe). Under an isothermal condition, C-probe can be amplified by rolling circle amplification, to generate multimeric single-stranded DNA. This multimeric single-stranded DNA can be further amplified by a ramification mechanism through primer extension and upstream DNA displacement, resulting in an exponential amplification. Usually, an unbiased product is generated by either rolling circle amplification or ramification mechanism due to the generic primers of C-probe and is localized on targets. These advantages make C-probe amplification very useful for research and molecular diagnosis, especially in the areas where other techniques are not adequately helpful. The development of C-probe-based technologies iniates a new future for molecular diagnostics. The applications of C-probe, rolling circle amplification, ramification mechanism, in situ detection, microarray, immunoassay, single nucleotide polymorphism and whole genome amplification are discussed.
Strong Coupling in the Far-Infrared between Graphene Plasmons and the Surface Optical Phonons of Silicon Dioxide (2014)

We study plasmonic resonances in electrostatically gated graphene nanoribbons on silicon dioxide substrates. Absorption spectra are measured in the mid-far-infrared and reveal multiple peaks, with width-dependent resonant frequencies. We calculate the dielectric function within the random phase approximation and show that the observed spectra can be explained by surface-plasmon–phonon–polariton modes, which arise from coupling of the graphene plasmon to three surface optical phonon modes in silicon dioxide.
Comparison of human skin opto-thermal response to near-infrared and visible laser irradiations: a theoretical investigation (2004)

Near-infrared wavelengths are absorbed less by epidermal melanin, and penetrate deeper into human skin dermis and blood than visible wavelengths. Therefore, laser irradiation using near-infrared wavelengths may improve the therapeutic outcome of cutaneous hyper-vascular malformations in moderately to heavily pigmented skin patients and those with large-sized blood vessels or blood vessels extending deeply into the skin. A mathematical model composed of a Monte Carlo algorithm to estimate the distribution of absorbed light, numerical solution of a bio-heat diffusion equation to calculate the transient temperature distribution, and a damage integral based on an empirical Arrhenius relationship to quantify the tissue damage was utilized to investigate the optothermal response of human skin to near-infrared and visible laser irradiations in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling. In addition, the thermal effects of a single continuous laser pulse and micropulse-composed laser pulse profiles were compared. Simulation results indicated that a 940 nm wavelength induces improved therapeutic outcome compared with a 585 and 595 nm wavelengths for the treatment of patients with large-sized blood vessels and moderately to heavily pigmented skin. On the other hand, a 585 nm wavelength shows the best efficacy in treating small-sized blood vessels, as characterized by the largest laser-induced blood vessel damage depth compared with 595 and 940 nm wavelengths. Dermal blood content has a considerable effect on the threshold incident dosage for epidermal damage, while the effect of blood vessel size is minimal. For the same macropulse duration and incident dosage, a micropulse-composed pulse profile results in higher peak temperature at the basal layer of skin epidermis than an ideal single continuous pulse profile.
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Polarizes Murine Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells to Generate Langerhans Cell-Like Dendritic Cells Through a Monocyte/Macrophage Differentiation Pathway (1999)

We have recently demonstrated that CD11b-/dullCD11c+ and CD11b+hiCD11c+ dendritic cell (DC) precursor subsets represent two distinct DC differentiation pathways from murine bone marrow lineage-phenotype negative (Lin-)c-kit+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) stimulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) + stem cell factor (SCF) + tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). We show here that transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) significantly inhibits the generation of these CD11b-/dullCD11c+ and CD11b+hiCD11c+ DC precursors. Phenotypically, this inhibitory effect was accompanied by markedly suppressed expression of Ia and CD86 antigens as well as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II transactivator (CIITA) and CC-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) mRNAs in Lin-c-kit+ HPC cultures stimulated with GM-CSF + SCF + TNFalpha at day 6. TGF-beta1 could also suppress mature DC differentiation from CD11b+hiCD11c+ DC precursors, but not the differentiation from CD11b-/dullCD11c+ DC precursors. In the absence of TNFalpha, TGF-beta1 markedly suppressed the expression of CIITA and CCR7 mRNAs in GM-CSF + SCF-stimulated Lin-c-kit+ HPCs at either day 6 or day 12 and induced the differentiation solely into monocytes/macrophages as evident in morphology, active phagocytic, and endocytic activities. These cells expressed high levels of F4/80 and E-cadherin antigens, but low or undetectable levels of Ia, CD86, and CD40 molecules. However, upon the stimulation with TNFalpha + GM-CSF, these cells could further differentiate into mature DCs expressing high levels of Ia and E-cadherin, characteristics for Langerhans cells (LCs), and gained the capacity of enhancing allogenic MLR. Taken together, all of these findings suggest that TGF-beta1 polarizes murine HPCs to generate LC-like DCs through a monocyte/macrophage differentiation pathway.
Matching phylogeny and metabolism in the uncultured marine bacteria, one cell at a time (2007)

The identification of predominant microbial taxa with specific metabolic capabilities remains one the biggest challenges in environmental microbiology, because of the limits of current metagenomic and cell culturing methods. We report results from the direct analysis of multiple genes in individual marine bacteria cells, demonstrating the potential for high-throughput metabolic assignment of yet-uncultured taxa. The protocol uses high-speed fluorescence-activated cell sorting, whole-genome multiple displacement amplification (MDA), and subsequent PCR screening. A pilot library of 11 single amplified genomes (SAGs) was constructed from Gulf of Maine bacterioplankton as proof of concept. The library consisted of five flavobacteria, one sphingobacterium, four alphaproteobacteria, and one gammaproteobacterium. Most of the SAGs, apart from alphaproteobacteria, were phylogenetically distant from existing isolates, with 88-97% identity in the 16S rRNA gene sequence. Thus, single-cell MDA provided access to the genomic material of numerically dominant but yet-uncultured taxonomic groups. Two of five flavobacteria in the SAG library contained proteorhodopsin genes, suggesting that flavobacteria are among the major carriers of this photometabolic system. The pufM and nasA genes were detected in some 100-cell MDA products but not in SAGs, demonstrating that organisms containing bacteriochlorophyll and assimilative nitrate reductase constituted <1% of the sampled bacterioplankton. Compared with metagenomics, the power of our approach lies in the ability to detect metabolic genes in uncultured microorganisms directly, even when the metabolic and phylogenetic markers are located far apart on the chromosome.
Simple digitizer for paper seismograms (1966)

Letter| April 01, 1966 Simple digitizer for paper seismograms B. F. Howell, Jr. B. F. Howell, Jr. Department of Geology and Geophysics College of Mineral Industries The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information B. F. Howell, Jr. Department of Geology and Geophysics College of Mineral Industries The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park, Pennsylvania Publisher: Seismological Society of America Received: 01 Nov 1965 First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Online Issn: 1943-3573 Print Issn: 0037-1106 Copyright © 1966, by the Seismological Society of America Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (1966) 56 (2): 605–608. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0560020605 Article history Received: 01 Nov 1965 First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation B. F. Howell; Simple digitizer for paper seismograms. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 1966;; 56 (2): 605–608. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0560020605 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyBulletin of the Seismological Society of America Search Advanced Search This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
The chromosomal gene structure for murine granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (1987)

The chromosomal gene for murine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been isolated from a mouse genomic library. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene and its flanking region has revealed that the murine G-CSF gene is composed of four introns and five exons, which is similar to the human G-CSF gene. The S1 mapping analysis of murine G-CSF mRNA has identified the major transcription initiation site for the murine G-CSF gene at 36 base pairs upstream of the ATG initiation codon. In the flanking region, there are sequences of about 300 base pairs which are highly conserved between human and murine G-CSF genes. The decanucleotide GAGRTTCCAC, which was found at the 5'-flanking region of genes for other hemopoietic growth factors, was also present within the corresponding regions of human and murine G-CSF gene. Unlike the human G-CSF gene, no alternative splicing was observed for the murine G-CSF gene.
Combustion behavior and thermophysical properties of metal-based solid fuels (1991)

Two metal-based solid fuels (magnesium-based and boron-based) have been studied to determine their combustion behavior and thermophysical properties. The burning rate for the magnesium-based (Mg/PTFE/Viton A) solid fuel was found to increase monotonically with ambient pressure and to follow the Saint Robert's law in both air and nitrogen environments. The fuel, however, burned 10% slower in air than in nitrogen. The slower burning rate in air is postulated to result from the entrained oxygen which competes with fluorine to react with magnesium. Because of the lower heat of formation of MgO vs MgF2, the near-surface heat release is reduced when the oxygen is present, thus reducing the burning rate. This reasoning is also supported by results obtained from the companion pressure deflagration limit (PDL) and ignition tests, which show that the combustion of the magnesium-based fuel has a higher PDL and a longer ignition delay time in air than in nitrogen. Results from the study of ignition and combustion characteristics of boron-based solid fuels show that boron can significantly reduce the ignition delay times of poly(BAMO/NMMO). In determining the thermophysical properties of fuel samples, a subsurface temperature-measurement method was developed to quantify the temperature dependence of the thermal diffusivities of fuel samples. Results show good agreement with those obtained with the laser-flash method.
Determination Of Micro Amount Of Spironolactone In Some Of Pharmaceutical Preparate By Using a Molecular Luminescence Technique. (2008)

The present study include a new developed method of analysis for determination of drug Spironolaction (SP) in some Pharmaceuticals by Spectrofluorometric method. Spironolaction was determined under optimal experimental condition that follows :- The excitation spectrum was (l=351 nm), the emmetion spectrum was (l=518 nm), pH=1, the suitable temperature for reaction 60oC and the optimal time less than (3) minute. The analysis and rang statistical data was:-Linear dynamic rang (1-10) ?g.ml-1, the detection limit (D.L = 0.023 ?g.ml-1), Molar absorptivity (? = 29875 liter mole-1 cm-1), Relative standard deviation (%RSD = 0.78), (%Erel = 3.3) and recovery (Rec = 96.6) percentage. Determination of Spironolactone was accomplished by two methods (A) Using direct calibration curve method, Corr. Coef. (R = 0.988 and %Rec = 97.4). (B) Using standard additional methods Corr. Coef (R =0.988 and %Rec= 96.6).
Assembly of 2·5 nm filaments from giardin, a protein associated with cytoskeletal microtubules in <i>Giardia</i> (1985)

The giardins are a family of approximately 30000 Mr structural proteins found in microribbons attached to microtubules in the disc cytoskeleton of Giardia. After examining the solubility of giardins in various agents, a method has been developed to extract these polypeptides and subsequently precipitate them selectively. The giardin chains are soluble in 10 mM-HEPES/EDTA buffer at high pH and low ionic strength, but become insoluble in 10 mM-MES/EDTA buffer at pH 6.7 when the ionic strength is raised above 50 mM salt. By dialysing giardin extracts in turn against dissociating and reassembly buffers, the purification is obtained of a subset of giardin chains identified by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as the cytoskeleton bands 14a, 14b and 15. The structures forming under assembly conditions are all composed of fine filaments, 2-3 nm in diameter. Filaments after the first cycle of assembly are found in bundles, narrow ribbons of two or three filaments, and large ordered tactoids. Assembly after a second cycle of solubilization yields a more uniform population of long ribbons. Both the tactoids and the second cycle ribbons are transversely banded at the 15 nm interval characteristic of microribbons in the cytoskeleton. Filaments in the tactoids are precisely placed at a centre-to-centre separation of 2.5 nm. Other structural features of the tactoids are discussed in relation to the association behaviour and possible dimensions of the giardin molecular subunit.
Support for global Science: Remote sensing's challenge (1986)

Abstract Remote sensing today uses a wide variety of techniques and methods. Resulting data are analyzed by man and machine, using both analog and digital technology. The newest and most important initiatives in the U.S. civilian space program currently revolve around the Space Station complex, which includes the core station as well as co‐orbiting and polar satellite platforms. This proposed suite of platforms and support systems offers a unique potential for facilitating long term, multi‐disciplinary scientific investigations on a truly global scale. Unlike previous generations of satellites, designed for relatively limited constituencies (e.g., Landsat for the land scientist and Seasat for the oceanographic community), Space Station offers the potential to provide an integrated source of information which recognizes the scientific interest in investigating the dynamic coupling between the oceans, land surface, and atmosphere. Earth scientists already face problems that are truly global in extent. Problems such as the global carbon balance and regional deforestation and desertification require new approaches, which combine multi‐disciplinary, multinational teams of researchers, employing advanced technologies to produce a type, quantity, and quality of data not previously available. The challenge before the international scientific community is to continue to develop both the infrastructure and expertise to, on the one hand, develop the science and technology of remote sensing, while on the other hand, develop an integrated understanding of our global life support system, and work toward a quantitative science of the biosphere.
SmartCourier: An Annotation System for Adaptive Information Sharing (2002)

SmartCourier is a Web-based system for browsing electronic documents shared in a group of people. It allows users to annotate on the documents with a pen interface, and share the annotations among the users having similar interests on the documents. Also, the system recommends a user unread documents inferred interesting to the user by using a collaborative filtering method. We prototyped two versions of SmartCourier. The first version used a method to matchmake users according to agreement of annotated area on the same documents without any semantic processing of the annotations and the base documents. The second version employed a method to extract keywords from the annotated area of the base documents and find other related documents sharing the keywords. The experimented evaluation shows the second version of SmartCourier was accepted by the users as more efficient system for facilitating knowledge interaction among them.