gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A narrowband TDMA system for a new generation cellular radio (1987)

In this paper a radio sub-system aimed for the new generation 900 MHz Pan-European cellular radio system is presented. It is a narrowband TDMA solution. Firstly the basic characteristics of narrowband TDMA are given. Secondly, data for a contribution, DMS 90, developed by Ericsson are given along with data for a newly released CEPT proposal. In the last section system performance of narrowband TDMA is discussed.
Tailoring the degradation kinetics of mesoporous silicon structures through PEGylation (2010)

Injectable and implantable porosified silicon (pSi) carriers and devices for prolonged and controlled delivery of biotherapeutics offer great promise for treatment of various chronic ailments and acute conditions. Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are important surface modifiers currently used in clinic mostly to avoid uptake of particulates by reticulo-endothelial system (RES). In this work we show for the first time that covalent attachment of PEGs to the pSi surface can be used as a means to tune degradation kinetics of silicon structures. Seven PEGs with varying molecular weights (245, 333, 509, 686, 1214, 3400, and 5000 Da) were employed and the degradation of PEGylated pSi hemispherical microparticles in simulated physiological conditions was monitored by means of ICP-AES, SEM, and fluorimetry. Biocompatibility of the systems with human macrophages in vitro was also evaluated. The results clearly indicate that controlled PEGylation of silicon microparticles can offer a sensitive tool to finely tune their degradation kinetics and that the systems do not induce release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in THP1 human macrophages.
Protein fragments as models for events in protein folding pathways: Protein engineering analysis of the association of two complementary fragments of the barley chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 (CI-2) (1995)

Two fragments of chymotrypsin inhibitor-2, CI-2(20-59) and CI-2(60-83), derived from cyanogen bromide cleavage at Met-59, associate to give a native-like structure. We analyze the kinetics and equilibria of association of mutant fragments derived from cleaving mutant proteins at the same methionine residue. The changes in free energy of association have been measured both from isothermal studies of the binding of fragments and from thermal denaturation of the complexes. In general, there is a good correlation between the changes on mutation of the free energy of association of fragments and the changes in free energy of folding of the uncleaved parent protein. The notable exceptions are for residues in regions of the fragments that form nonnative hydrophobic clusters in the isolated fragments; mutation of the hydrophobic residues involved in these clusters decreases the equilibrium constant for formation of the noncovalent complex less than it does the equilibrium constant for folding of intact protein. The dissociated fragments must be destabilized by mutation of those hydrophobic residues, but to a lesser extent than is the complex itself. These clusters are thus less important energetically in the denatured state of the intact protein. The second-order rate constants for the major phase of association change with mutation, similar results being obtained from fluorescence measurements of the regain of tertiary structure and from circular dichroism measurements of the regain of secondary structure. The rate constants for association correlate well, in general, with the rate constants of refolding of the respective uncleaved proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Escherichia coli Mutants Deficient intheProduction of Alkaline Phosphatase Isozymes (1978)

Escherichia coli K-12mutantsshowing an altered isozyme pattern ofalkaline phosphatase were isolated. Whereaswild-type strains synthesized allthree isozymes inasynthetic mediumsupplemented withCasamino Acids orarginine but synthesized onlyisozyme 3ina mediumwithout supplement, themutantstrains synthesized isozyme 1anda smallamount(if any)ofisozyme 2,butno isozyme 3,underallgrowth conditions. Themutation responsible forthealtered isozyme pattern, designated iap, was mappedbyP1transduction intheinterval between cysCandsrl(atabout58.5minon theE.coli genetic map). Itwas cotransducible withcysCandsrlatfrequencies of0.54and0.08, respectively. Theorder ofthe genesinthisregion was srl-iap-cysC-argA-thyA-lysA. Threemore independent mutations were alsomappedinthesame locus. We purified isozymes 1'and3' fromiapandiap+strains andanalyzed thesequencesoffouraminoacids from theaminoterminus ofeachpolypeptide. Theywere Arg-Thr-Pro-Glu (orGln)in isozyme 1'andThr-Pro-Glu (orGln)-Met inisozyme 3', which were identical with those ofcorresponding isozymes produced bythewild-type phoA+strain (P.M. Kelley, P.A.Neumann, K.Schriefer, F.Cancedda, M.J.Schlesinger, andR.A. Bradshaw, Biochemistry 12:3499-3503, 1973; M.J.Schlesinger, W.Bloch, andP. M.Kelley, p.333-342, inIsozymes, AcademicPressInc., 1975). Theseresults indicate thatthedifferent mobilities ofisozymes 1,2,and3aredetermined bythe presenceorabsence ofamino-terminal arginine residues inpolypeptides.
Event-based classification of social media streams (2012)

Events play a prominent role in our lives, such that many social media documents describe or are related to some event. Organizing social media documents with respect to events thus seems a promising approach to better manage and organize the ever-increasing amount of content in social media applications. A challenge is to automatize this process so that incoming documents can be assigned to their corresponding event without any user intervention. We present a system that is able to classify a stream of social media data into a growing and evolving set of events. By doing this, we successfully address two key problems that arise in this context: i) scaling to the data sizes and rates encountered in social media applications, and ii) tackling the new event detection problem, i.e. the problem of determining whether an incoming data item belongs to a new or a known event. We successfully address these problems by i) including a candidate retrieval step that retrieves a set of event candidates that the incoming data point is likely to belong to and ii) by including a function trained using machine learning techniques to determine whether the incoming data item belongs to the top scoring candidate or rather to a new event. We show that our system addresses the above mentioned challenging issues successfully and that it outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches in terms of quality and scalability.
A Novel High Throughput Chemiluminescent Assay for the Measurement of Cellular Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Levels (2000)

The second messenger 3′, 5′-cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a highly regulated molecule that is governed by G protein-coupled receptor activation and other cellular processes. Measurement of cAMP levels in cells is widely used as an indicator of receptor function in drug discovery applications. We have developed a nonradioactive ELISA for the accurate quantitation of cAMP levels produced in cell-based assays. This novel competitive assay utilizes chemiluminescent detection that affords both a sensitivity and a dynamic assay range that have not been previously reported with any other assay methodologies. The assay has been automated in 96- and 384-well formats, providing assay data that are equivalent to, if not better than, data generated by hand. This report demonstrates the application of this novel assay technology to the functional analysis of a specific G protein-coupled receptor, neuropeptide receptor Y1, on SK-N-MC cells. Our data indicate the feasibility of utilizing this assay methodology for monitoring cAMP levels in a wide range of functional cell-based assays for high throughput screening.
Homozygous Mutation of the <b><i>FGFR1</i></b> Gene Associated with Congenital Heart Disease and 46,XY Disorder of Sex Development (2016)

Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common cause of all birth defects and account for nearly 25% of all major congenital anomalies leading to mortality in the first year of life. Extracardiac anomalies including urogenital aberrations are present in ∼30% of all cases. Here, we present a rare case of a 46,XY patient with CHD associated with ambiguous genitalia consisting of a clitoris-like phallus and a bifid scrotum. Exome sequencing revealed novel homozygous mutations in the FGFR1 and STARD3 genes that may be associated with the phenotype.
A Quick Reference on the Water Quality at Adventist University of the Philippines (2015)

The study was conducted to determine the water quality for domestic purposes at the Adventist University of the Philippines (AUP) dormitories. Specifically, itidentified the level of heavy metals such as lead(Pb), copper(Cu),chromium(Cr),total dissolved solids (TDS) and pH. The results of water quality analyses were compared with the standards set by the Philippine National Quality Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW); (0.01 mg/L for Pb, 1.0mg/L for Cu; 0.05 mg/L for Cr;500.0 mg/L for TDS and 0-14 for pH).Water quality analyses were done using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) for Pb and Cu, respectively, photometric for Cr, gravimetric SMEWW 2540C for TDS and laboratory in situ for pH. The results of the analyses revealed that all water samples collected from the dormitories were far below the water quality than standards with reference to the parameters considered. Therefore, the water being used for domestic purposes such as for drinking, preparing food, bathing, washing clothes and dishes and brushing teeth is potable and safe.
Fluid Mechanics of Papermaking (2011)

Papermaking is to a large extent a multiphase flow process in which the structure of the material and many of the relevant properties of the final product are determined by the interaction between water and the wood fibers. The dominant feature of a suspension composed of wood fibers and water is its inherent propensity to form bundles of mechanically entangled fibers, known as fiber flocs. However, the phenomena apparent throughout the papermaking process are not unique but in fact have a generic fluid dynamical nature.
Zum System Sr/Mo/O: Phasendiagramm, Synthese und Charakterisierung der ternären Verbindungen / On the System Sr/Mo/O: Phase Diagram, Synthesis and Characterization of Ternary Compounds (1998)

The phase diagram of the ternary system Sr/Mo/O has been determined at a temperature of 1000°C. Powder samples of the ternary compounds SrMoO 4 , Sr 3 MoO 6 , SrMoO 3 , Sr 2 MoO 4 and SrMo 5 O 8 were prepared by solid state reactions. The thermochemical data of all ternary compounds were determined. A new compound, Sr 3 Mo 2 O 7 , with a layered perovskite structure (a = 3.967(1), c = 20.588(5) Å, I4/mmm) was found. Rietveld analysis based on powder X-ray diffraction data confirms that the compound Sr 2 MoO 4 has the K 2 NiF 4 structure (I4/mmm) with a = 3.9176(1), c = 12.8545(4) Å.
Learning-based super-resolution of 3D face model (2005)

Super resolution technique could produce a higher resolution image than the originally captured one. However, nearly all super-resolution algorithms arm at 2D images. In this paper, we focus on generating the 3D face model of higher resolution from one input of 3D face model. In our method, the 3D face models firstly are all regularized via resampling in cylindrical representation. The super resolution then performs in the regular domain of cylindrical coordinate. The experiments using USF HumanID 3D face database of 137 3D face models are carried out, and demonstrate the presented algorithm is promising.
Are there new approaches for diagnosis, therapy guidance and outcome prediction of sepsis? (2015)

Beside many efforts to improve outcome, sepsis is still one of the most frequent causes of death in critically ill patients. It is the most common condition with high mortality in intensive care units. The complexity of the septic syndrome comprises immunological aspects - i.e., sepsis induced immunosuppression - but is not restricted to this fact in modern concepts. So far, exact mechanisms and variables determining outcome and mortality stay unclear. Since there is no typical risk profile, early diagnosis and risk stratification remain difficult, which hinders rapid and effective treatment initiation. Due to the heterogeneous nature of sepsis, potential therapy options should be adapted to the individual. Biomarkers like C-reactive protein and procalcitonin are routinely used as complementary tools in clinical decision-making. Beyond the acute phase proteins, a wide bunch of promising substances and non-laboratory tools with potential diagnostic and prognostic value is under intensive investigation. So far, clinical decision just based on biomarker assessment is not yet feasible. However, biomarkers should be considered as a complementary approach.
Elucidation of HEPES Affinity to and Structure on Gold Nanostars (2019)

The zwitterion, N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine- N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), facilitates the formation and stability of gold nanostars; however, little is known about how this molecule interacts with the metal postsynthesis. Herein, restructuring of gold nanostar morphology is induced upon acidification, an effect that depends on both pH and acid composition as well as on the protonation state of HEPES. Changes in molecular protonation are measured using zeta potential and modeled using DFT. The surface-sensitive technique, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), reveals that pH variations induce reversible activation of the amine and sulfonate groups in HEPES and that electron redistribution weakens its affinity to the metal thus promoting the adsorption and SERS detection of benzene. By selecting a molecule that does not induce significant desorption of the stabilizing agent, binding energies of benzene to gold are measured even though only weak London dispersion and π-π interactions promote adsorption. All in all, this molecular-level insight is expected to facilitate new applications of these nanostructures in ways that have not been possible to date.
PORT: A Price-Oriented Reliable Transport Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (2006)

In wireless sensor networks, to obtain reliability and minimize energy consumption, a dynamic rate-control and congestion-avoidance transport scheme is very important. We notice that reporting packets may contribute to the sink's fidelity of its knowledge on the phenomenon of interest to different extents. Thus, reliability cannot simply be measured by the sink's total incoming packet rate as considered in current schemes. Also, communication costs between sources and the sink may be different and may change dynamically. Based on these considerations, we propose PORT (price-oriented reliable transport protocol) to facilitate the sink to achieve reliability. Under the constraint that the sink must obtain enough fidelity for reliability purpose, PORT minimizes energy consumption with two schemes. One is based on the sink's application-based optimization approach that feeds back the optimal reporting rates. The other is a locally optimal routing scheme according to the feedback of downstream communication conditions. PORT can adapt well to the communication conditions for energy saving while maintaining the necessary level of reliability. Simulation results in an application case study demonstrate the effectiveness of PORT
Self type constructors (2009)

Bruce and Foster proposed the language LOOJ, an extension of Java with the notion of MyType , which represents the type of a self reference and changes its meaning along with inheritance. MyType is useful to write extensible yet type-safe classes for objects with recursive interfaces, that is, ones with methods that take or return objects of the same type as the receiver. Although LOOJ has also generics, MyType has been introduced as a feature rather orthogonal to generics. As a result, LOOJ cannot express an interface that refers to the same generic class recursively but with different type arguments. This is a significant limitation because such an interface naturally arises in practice, for example, in a generic collection class with method map(), which converts a collection to the same kind of collection of a different element type. Altherr and Cremet and Moors, Piessens, and Odersky gave solutions to this problem but they used a highly sophisticated combination of advanced mechanisms such as abstract type members, higher-order type constructors, and F-bounded polymorphism. In this paper, we give another solution by introducing self type constructors , which integrate MyType and generics so that MyType can take type arguments in a generic class. Self type constructors are tailored to writing recursive interfaces more concicely than previous solutions. We demonstrate the expressive power of self type constructors by means of examples, formalize a core language with self type constructors, and prove its type safety.
Metal-containing polyurethanes from tetradentate Schiff bases: synthesis, characterization, and biocidal activities (2011)

N,N′-bis(salicylidene)thiosemicarbazide Schiff base has been synthesized by the reaction of thiosemicarbazide with salicylaldehyde and then reacted with formaldehyde to generate phenolic groups, resulting in the formation of Schiff-base monomeric ligand. It was further incorporated with transition metals, Mn+2, Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, and Zn+2, to form Schiff-base metal complex, which was then polymerized with toluene 2,4-diisocyanate to form metal-chelated polyurethanes. Monomeric ligand, its metal complexes, and its metal polychelates were characterized and compared by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, thermal, and biocidal activities to evaluate the enhancement in physical and chemical properties on coordination with metal and on polymerization. SEM images of ligand and polymer metal complexes showed changes in surface morphology, while electronic spectra of polymer metal complexes were used to predict the geometry. Antimicrobial activities were determined by using agar-diffusion method with Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis (bacteria), Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus flavus (yeast). The polymeric ligand had varied antibacterial and antifungal activities, enhanced after chelation and polymerization. Comparative results show that coordination of metal to the ligand enhances its physical and chemical properties which were meliorated on polymerization.
A new affordable flow cytometry based method to measure HIV‐1 viral load (2008)

Most commercially available assays for diagnosis of HIV infection have shown shortcomings in the detection and quantification of rare genotypes of the virus. Most of the assays do not detect subtype O (outlier) and/or N (nonmajor, nonoutlier) or new circulating recombinant forms (CRFs), which are becoming more important in sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, the commonly available tests require costly measuring devices and expensive test kits, which are not easily affordable for developing countries. This study was designed to explore solutions to the problem of viral load assays in developing countries. Two forward primers, digoxygenin (DIG) and dinitrophenol (DNP) labeled, and one biotin (BIO) labeled reverse primer were used to amplify both, the HIV-1-5'LTR (long terminal repeat) region and an internal standard sequence. The two polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-products were captured by anti-DIG and anti-DNP antibody coated microparticles. Flow cytometric analyses were carried out after labeling with streptavidin-R-phycoerythrine. The primer system used recognized all HIV-1 subtypes. A coamplified internal standard warranted the functionality of the PCR and allows reproducible viral load measurements. Two drawbacks of current viral load measurements are overcome by the flow cytometry based test described hereof. First, all known worldwide relevant HIV-1 subtypes including subtypes O, N, and new CRFs are quantifiable with high sensitivity (50 to >1 x 10(6) copies per PCR). Second, the cost per test can be reduced to less than 12 US$ instead of the current 50-100 US$. Additionally, the test described in this report offers the possibility to perform complete monitoring program (CD4 T-cell count, CD4% and viral load) for the first time, with the same device for HIV-infected persons.
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor in human glioma cells. (2000)

Antisense VEGF ODN inhibited VEGF expression specifically in A172 cells in vitro and thus the results provided the basis for the further studies in vivo.
Quantitative EEG Biomarkers for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (2019)

This study indicates that quantitative EEG methods may be useful in the identification, classification, and tracking of individual subjects with mTBI.
High frequency in vivo loss of heterozygosity is primarily a consequence of mitotic recombination. (1997)

We have used the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (APRT; 16q24) to investigate the mechanisms of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in normal human somatic cells in vivo. APRT-deficient (APRT-/-, APRT-/0) T lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of four obligate APRT heterozygotes (APRT+/-) with characterized germ-line mutations were selected in medium containing 100 microM 2,6-diaminopurine. A total of 80 2,6-diaminopurine-resistant T-cell clones from 2 of the heterozygotes were analyzed for this study. The presence or absence of LOH of proximal linked microsatellite repeat markers was used to divide the clones into two groups: (a) those in which LOH was likely due to localized changes in APRT (e.g., point mutations); and (b) those with LOH at additional loci. A total of 61 clones (76%) exhibited LOH of linked microsatellite repeat markers at different locations on 16q, which extended from the smallest measured region (<5.5 cM) to the entire 16q arm. The remaining 19 clones (24%) had point mutations in APRT or other relatively minor alterations. Ten clones with LOH encompassing different regions of 16q were examined by conventional cytogenetics and by fluorescence in situ hybridization using an APRT cosmid probe. All clones exhibited a normal diploid karyotype, and nine exhibited two copies of APRT. The one clone that was hemizygous for APRT had the smallest observed region of LOH in clones from that individual. These results indicate that mitotic recombination and, to a much lesser extent, deletion may be the primary mechanisms for the relatively high frequency of in vivo LOH observed in normal human T cells. Because LOH leads to the expression of recessive tumor suppressor genes in many cancers, these data have significant implications for the role of LOH in the early stages of tumor development, especially in breast cancer.
Über Säureamidacetale, Harnstoffacetale und Lactamacetale (1961)

Abstract Als Säureamidacetale, Harnstoffacetale und Lactamacetale werden Verbindungen bezeichnet, in denen die CO‐Gruppe der Carbonsäureamide, Harnstoffe und Lactame durch die C(OR) 2 ‐Gruppe ersetzt ist. Es werden Darstellung und Eigenschaften dieser neuen, ungemein reaktionsfähigen Körperklassen beschrieben. Im Gegensatz zu den ihnen zugrunde liegenden Carbonylverbindungen reagieren sie mit größter Leichtigkeit und ohne Mitwirkung eines Katalysators mit allen nucleophilen Agenzien, insbesondere kondensieren sie mit allen Verbindungen mit reaktiver CH 3 ‐oder CH 2 ‐Gruppe unter Bildung von Aminoalkyliden‐Verbindungen. Diese große Reaktionsfähigkeit wird zurückgeführt auf die Fähigkeit der Säureamidacetale, Harnstoffacetale und Lactamacetale zur Ionisation unter Bildung von Carbonium‐Oxonium‐Imonium‐alkoholaten. Bei einigen dieser Verbindungen gibt sich diese Ionisationsfähigkeit durch eine wenn auch nur geringe elektrische Leitfähigkeit in geeigneten organischen Lösungsmitteln zu erkennen.