gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lactate dehydrogenase as a biomarker of hemolysis-associated nitric oxide resistance, priapism, leg ulceration, pulmonary hypertension, and death in patients with sickle cell disease (2005)

Pulmonary hypertension is prevalent in adult patients with sickle cell disease and is strongly associated with early mortality and markers of hemolysis, in particular, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Intravascular hemolysis leads to impaired bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), mediated by NO scavenging by plasma oxyhemoglobin and by arginine degradation by plasma arginase. We hypothesized that serum LDH may represent a convenient biomarker of intravascular hemolysis and NO bioavailability, characterizing a clinical subphenotype of hemolysis-associated vasculopathy. In a cohort of 213 patients with sickle cell disease, we found statistically significant associations of steady-state LDH with low levels of hemoglobin and haptoglobin and high levels of reticulocytes, bilirubin, plasma hemoglobin, aspartate aminotransferase, arginase, and soluble adhesion molecules. LDH isoenzyme fractionation confirmed predominance of LD1 and LD2, the principal isoforms within erythrocytes. In a subgroup, LDH levels closely correlated with plasma cell-free hemoglobin, accelerated NO consumption by plasma, and impaired vasodilatory responses to an NO donor. Remarkably, this simple biomarker was associated with a clinical subphenotype of pulmonary hypertension, leg ulceration, priapism, and risk of death in patients with sickle cell disease. We propose that LDH elevation identifies patients with a syndrome of hemolysis-associated NO resistance, endothelial dysfunction, and end-organ vasculopathy.
Empresa a la velocidad del pensamiento (2000)

Las empresas cambiaran a lo largo de los proximos diez anos mas de lo que hancambiado durante los ultimos cincuenta anos. Internet aporta una nueva eficacia ala tarea de emparejar compradores y vendedores. Las empresas de exito seranaquellas que apuesten por las nuevas herramientas.
Comprehensive Mutation Analysis of the CYP21A2 Gene (2013)

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of adrenal steroidogenesis caused by mutations in the CYP21A2 gene. Direct comparison of established and novel methodologies of CYP21A2 genetic analysis in a large cohort representing a wide range of genotypes has not been previously reported. We genotyped a cohort of 129 unrelated patients with 21-OHD, along with 145 available parents, using Southern blot (SB) analysis, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, multiplex minisequencing and conversion-specific PCR, duplication-specific amplification, and DNA sequencing. CYP21A2 genotyping identified four duplicated CYP21A2 genes (1.53%) and 79 chimeric CYP21A1P/CYP21A2 genes (30.15%). Parental SB data were essential for determining the CYP21 haplotype in three cases, whereas PCR-based RFLP analysis was necessary for MLPA results to be accurately interpreted in the majority of cases. The comparison of different methods in detecting deletion and duplication showed that MLPA with PCR-based RFLP was comparable with SB analysis, with parental data of 100% sensitivity and specificity. DNA sequencing was required for the identification of 16 (6.1%) rare point mutations and determination of clinically significant chimera junction sites. MLPA with PCR-based RFLP analysis is an excellent substitute for SB analysis in detecting CYP21A2 deletion and duplication and a combination of MLPA, PCR-based RFLP, duplication-specific amplification, and DNA sequencing is a convenient and comprehensive strategy for mutation analysis of the CYP21A2 gene in patients with 21-OHD.
THE HYDROMETALLURGICAL EXTRACTION OF ZINC BY AMMONIUM CARBONATE: A REVIEW OF THE SCHNABEL PROCESS (2006)

The use of ammonium carbonate for the extraction of metals such as copper and nickel is well known. Less well known is the fact that ammonium carbonate extraction was used for the commercial recovery of zinc decades before its application to either copper or nickel. This article reviews the published data on the Schnabel Process (the hydrometallurgical extraction of zinc by ammonium carbonate) covering the period of 1880–2005.
Quantification of Locomotor Recovery following Spinal Cord Contusion in Adult Rats (2006)

Injury to the spinal cord not only disrupts the functioning of spinal circuits at the site of the impact, but also limits sensorimotor function caudal to the level of the lesion. Ratings of gross locomotor skill are generally used to quantify locomotor recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI). The purpose of this study was to assess behavioral recovery following SCI with three tasks: (1) BBB ratings, (2) walking on a horizontal ladder, and (3) footprint analyses. Behavioral testing was conducted for 6 postoperative weeks, and then the spinal cords were processed for the amount of white matter spared. As expected, BBB ratings dramatically decreased and then improved during recovery. The number of hindlimb foot-faults on the horizontal ladder increased after injury and remained elevated during the recovery period. Footprint analyses revealed that sham-control rats used several different gaits to cross the runway. In contrast, the locomotor function of rats with a SCI was impaired throughout the postoperative period. Some locomotor parameters of the injured rats improved slightly (velocity, stride length, stride duration, stance duration), some did not change (interlimb coordination, swing duration, forelimb base of support, hindpaw angle), and others declined (hindlimb base of support) during the recovery period. Together, these results show that gross locomotor skill improved after SCI, while recovery of fine locomotor function was more limited. Multiple tests should be included in future experiments in order to assess gross and fine changes in sensorimotor function following SCI.
A grid amplifier (1991)

A 50-MESFET grid amplifier is reported that has a gain of 11 dB at 3.3 GHz. The grid isolates the input from the output by using vertical polarization for the input beam and horizontal polarization for the transmitted output beam. The grid unit cell is a two-MESFET differential amplifier. A simple calibration procedure allows the gain to be calculated from a relative power measurement. This grid is a hybrid circuit, but the structure is suitable for fabrication as a monolithic wafer-scale integrated circuit, particularly at millimeter wavelengths.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Polymerization in nanostructured media: applications to the synthesis of associative polymers (2002)

Some recent developments obtained by free radical polymerization in nanostructured media are presented. The characteristic features of the confined media like the large overall interfacial area and the particular microenvironment are taken advantage to yield novel materials with interesting properties. The examples considered here include the synthesis of i) thermosensitive polyampholytes by polymerization in bicontinuous microemulsions, ii) ionomers by polymerization in inverse microemulsions and iii) multicompartment polymeric micelles by means of an aqueous micellar polymerization process. The characteristics inherent to each of these syntheses are discussed.
International MSc Study Programme in Nautical Science at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (2004)

The Norwegian University of Science and Technology has established an international MSc study programme in Marine Technology, specialization in Nautical Science, aiming to target students from different countries with a strong shipping industry and maritime traditions. This study programme provides an advanced technology-based education and is tailored to provide students with the basic skills and knowledge required to cope with the technological and operational challenges in the international shipping and offshore industries. The MSc programme has a duration of 22 months and is designed for students with a BSc degree in maritime/marine transport, nautical/naval science, marine navigation or equivalent. Additional entrance qualification requirements are minimum 21 credits in mathematics (university level), relevant experience at sea, preferably of 12 months or more, and English proficiency test for those applicants whose native language is not English. The study is appropriate for students who have an analytical mind and who are motivated by and interested in relating theoretical knowledge and techniques to practical situations. It is a pronounced objective to provide the graduates with the educational platform required to obtain interesting and challenging opportunities in international employment.
Haití: geopolítica revuelta después del terremoto (2010)

¿Cuáles son las implicaciones internacionales y domésticas del terremoto de Haití?\n\nAdemás de ser el uno de los peores desastres naturales de todos los tiempos, el terremoto de Haití del pasado mes de enero ha puesto al descubierto las carencias de desarrollo del país más pobre de América y ha tenido repercusiones sobre sus relaciones exteriores y su política interna. Mientras siguen evaluándose los daños y prosiguen los debates sobre la agenda de la reconstrucción, este ARI aborda la respuesta internacional a la catástrofe humanitaria y sus efectos sobre el calendario político interno.
Localization of oxidized phosphatidylcholine in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Impact on disease progression (2006)

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is considered to be a hepatic manifestation of various metabolic disorders. However, its precise pathogenic mechanism is obscure. Oxidative stress and consequent lipid peroxidation seem to play a pivotal role in disease progression. In this study, we analyzed the localization of oxidized phosphatidylcholine (oxPC), a lipid peroxide that serves as a ligand for scavenger receptors, in livers of patients with this steatotic disorder. Specimens of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (15 autopsy livers with simple steatosis and 32 biopsy livers with steatohepatitis) were examined via immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy using a specific antibody against oxPC. In addition, scavenger receptor expression, hepatocyte apoptosis, iron deposition, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the diseased livers were also assessed. Oxidized phosphatidylcholine was mainly localized to steatotic hepatocytes and some macrophages/Kupffer cells. A few degenerative or apoptotic hepatocytes were also positive for oxPC. Immunoelectron microscopy showed oxPC localized to cytoplasmic/intracytoplasmic membranes including lipid droplets. Steatotic livers showed enhanced expression of scavenger receptors. The number of oxPC cells was correlated with disease severity and the number of myeloperoxidase-positive neutrophils, but not with the degree of iron deposition. In conclusion, distinct localization of oxPC in liver tissues suggest that neutrophil myeloperoxidase-derived oxidative stress may be crucial in the formation of oxPC and the progression of steatotic liver disease.
Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polythiophene (2002)

Layer-by-layer deposition of polythiophene (see Figure) has successfully been carried out using only polyanion and polycation dilute solutions of polythiophene. The synthesis and characterization of these assemblies, as well as their optical properties, are described. The conductivities of the regioregular polythiophenes reported are much higher than for regiorandom polythiophene multilayer systems.
Ultrafast Photoemission Spectroscopy of the Uranium Dioxide<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>UO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Mott Insulator: Evidence for a Robust Energy Gap Structure (2014)

Time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy utilizing a probe energy of 32.55 eV and a pump energy of 3.1 and 4.65 eV with 30 fs temporal resolution is used to study the carrier dynamics in the $5f$ Mott insulator uranium dioxide (${\mathrm{UO}}_{2}$). The Mott gap and on-site Coulomb interaction energies are measured directly as ${E}_{\text{gap}}=2.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$ and ${U}_{C}=5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$, respectively, and the dynamics of the upper Hubbard band is mapped. The $f\text{\ensuremath{-}}f$Mott-Hubbard dynamics involves subpicosecond fluence-dependent relaxation, followed by decay via coupling to the lattice upon formation of excitonic polarons. Instead of an expected metallic transition, we observe a robust Mott gap structure, even at high pump fluences.
Photo-Induced Self-Condensation, A Technique For Fabricating Organic Lightguide Structures (1986)

Planar lightguides have been fabricated from mixtures of the polymer PMMA with benzoin type photoinitiators. Using conventional UV-photolithography 2 dimensional refractive index patterns were recorded in the polymer films. Thickness and refractive index of the organic lightguides were determined by m-line spectroscopy. The achieved refractive index changes increased with increasing photoinitiator concentrations. For high concentrations (< 70 %) the film refractive index could be increased via UV exposure by Δn = 0.03. Thermal treatment at below 100°C caused the out diffusion of the unexposed photoinitiator and completion of the photochemically induced reaction in the exposed parts of the film. Thus refractive index patterns (Δn < 0.05) could be developed and fixed.
Nonlinear modal coupling in a high-stress doubly-clamped nanomechanical resonator (2012)

We present results from a study of the nonlinear inter-modal coupling between different flexural vibrational modes of a single high-stress, doubly-clamped silicon nitride nanomechanical beam. Using the magnetomotive technique and working at 100 mK we explored the nonlinear behaviour and modal couplings of the first, third and fifth modes of a 25.5 μm long beam. We find very good agreement between our results and a simple analytical model which assumes that the different modes of the resonator are coupled to each other by displacement induced tension in the beam. The small size of our resonator leads to relatively strong nonlinear couplings, for example we find a shift of about 7 Hz in the third mode for a 1 nm displacement in the first mode and frequency shifts ~ 20 times larger than the linewidth (130 Hz) are readily observed.
Modeling of vapor chamber as heat spreading devices (2006)

As the heat density on the chip increases and heat dissipation is more localized, there are growing interests in developing alternative heat spreading devices. Vapor chambers have been used as heat spreading devices in heat sink bases. Before considering for integration into package heat spreaders or lids, the compatibility of the vapor chamber with the assembly processes would have to be assessed. However, before embarking down that path, this paper attempts to quantify the thermal benefit, if any, of vapor chamber heat spreaders compared to commonly used solid metal heat spreaders. A thermal model has been developed consisting of a heated chip integrated with a substrate, thermal interface material, vapor chamber lid and heat sink. The vapor chamber is represented by multiple block layers with effective thermal conductivities. It is revealed that the model can predict the temperature profile fairly well as compared with the results of a detailed numerical model. A sensitivity study shows that the thermal performance is sensitive to the effective thermal conductivity of the wick structure and insensitive to the effective thermal conductivity of the vapor space. A parametric study indicates that the vapor chamber heat spreader out-performs a copper block of the same dimension when the footprint size is larger than a certain value. It is concluded that vapor chamber is most effective in spreading heat over large areas. Consequently, it is suitable for applications where more surface area is desired due to reasons such as low heat transfer coefficients
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Wacker Lactonization—Heck Reaction: Rapid Assembly of Spiranoid Lactones. (2016)

Abstract The new unprecedented Wacker—Heck lactonization‐cyclization reaction provides bi‐ and tricyclic spiranoid lactones in good yields.
Unsteady, viscous, circular flow Part 3. Application to the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube (1962)

A new explanation of the vortex tube is presented. The proposed model leads to an equivalent unsteady-flow analysis for the development of the flow in the vortex tube. Using this analysis, radial distributions of velocity and temperature can now be calculated at successive axial positions in the tube. Many characteristics of these calculated profiles are found to be in qualitative agreement with corresponding experimental profiles. The qualitative similarity in the development of the calculated and experimental sets profiles with axial position is considered especially significant. A theory of vortex-tube performance based upon an idealized three-dimensional flow pattern for the vortex tube is derived. Some experiments relating the idealized vortex tube analysed to previous vortex-tube measurements are described. The performance curves obtained from the theory resemble those measured. An important additional effect predicted by the theory is that both the hot and the cold temperature differences should increase as the effective height of the inlet nozzle increases, and this result has been substantiated by experiment.
Link selection algorithms for link-based ILPs and applications to RWA in mesh networks (2013)

Abstract—RWA is a fundamental problem in the design and control of optical networks. We propose link selection algorithms that reduce the size of the link-based ILP formulation for RWA by pruning redundant link decision variables. The resulting formulation scales well to mesh topologies representative of backbone and regional networks. In our experiments, the new formulation decreases the running time by more than two orders of magnitude without any impact on optimality. The link selection techniques are general in that they may be applied to any optimization problem for which the ILP formulation consists of multicommodity flow equations as its core constraints. I.
Letters Patent granted to the University of Tasmania, signed 30th August 1915 (1915)

The Letters Patent granted to the University of Tasmania by George V (of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and of British Dominions beyond the Seas, King, Defender of the Faith, and Emperor of India) recognized the Degrees then conferred by the University of Tasmania as being of equivalent standard to any university of the United Kingdom and entitled to full recognition in any country of which George V was King. 

The Letters Patent were granted on 30th August 1915 (after Federation and 25 years after the University’s foundation), and printed by Eyre and Spottiswood Ltd, Printers to The King’s most Excellent Majesty. The original document is held in the University Archives.

The degrees listed are Bachelor of Arts, Master of Arts, Bachelor of Science, Master of Science, Doctor of Science, Bachelor of Laws, Master of Laws, and Doctor of Laws. 

The petition that was sent to King George V requesting the Royal Charter (Letters Patent) is at - http://eprints.utas.edu.au/15872/
(Collection UT 377/5)
Transmission characteristics of a power line used for data communications at high frequencies (1989)

The transmission characteristics of an installed power line used for data communication, and of a model of this actual line, were measured over the frequency range of 10 kHz-50 MHz. It was found that impedance characteristics were not greatly influenced by the working loads at high frequencies, but changed drastically at lower frequencies. For frequencies of less than 100 MHz, the transmission loss did not increase significantly with frequency. The effect of the length of the connections and variation in load impedance were both studied. It was found that for frequencies above 100 MHz, attenuation loss in the power line is divided into losses due to attenuation constant of the line and the loss occurring at wire connections located between the various wires in the wall sockets. The latter loss is proportional to the number of connections. When the transmission loss was measured by opening and closing the wire connections, the fluctuation in the loss was found to be smaller at frequencies above 1 MHz than at lower ones. The transmission loss at the higher frequency shows only fairly slight fluctuations to variations in working load on the power line. The intensity of the noise power spectrum shows a decrease of -40 B/decade. This degradation rate in the noise spectrum is greater than the rate of increase in transmission loss. The increasing transmission loss can be sufficiently compensated by amplification at the receiving end, but it is possible to keep the amplified noise below the level of disturbance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intraperitoneal Cisplatin with Systemic Thiosulfate Protection (1982)

Seventeen patients with intraperitoneal tumors were treated by 4-hour intraperitoneal dialysis with cisplatin alone, or in combination with an intravenous neutralizing agent, sodium thiosulfate. Cisplatin alone, 90 mg/m2 body surface area intraperitoneally, produced nephrotoxicity. When intraperitoneal cisplatin therapy was combined with intravenous thiosulfate treatment, the dose of cisplatin could be escalated to 270 mg/m2 body surface area without causing an increase in serum creatinine levels or undue myelosuppression. Even at doses up to 270 mg/m2, no local toxicity occurred. The peak peritoneal concentration of free reactive cisplatin averaged 21-fold higher than the plasma level, and the area under the peritoneal cisplatin elimination curve averaged 12-fold more than the area under the plasma curve. Neither of these ratios varied significantly with cisplatin dose. Regression of intraperitoneal tumor masses was observed in patients with far-advanced ovarian carcinoma, mesothelioma, and malignant carcinoid.
Speech recognition over bluetooth ACL and SCO links: a comparison (2005)

Bluetooth is an emerging technology for short-range wireless communication. It is designed to transfer data over asynchronous connectionless (ACL) links and voice over synchronous connection-oriented (SCO) links. SCO packets are sent at regular intervals and are never retransmitted, while ACL packets are retransmitted in case of error. In this paper we have investigated speech recognition performance for voice transferred over ACL and SCO links at various channel qualities. Our experiments have shown that channel quality has severe impact on speech recognition performance for voice earned over SCO. This justifies the use of ACL links for voice transmissions in speech recognition applications.
Near Term Commercial Opportunities from Long Range Fusion Research (1996)

An alternate approach to the development of safe, clean, and economical fusion energy for the 21st Century is presented. Instead of continuing exclusively on the path of larger and more costly magnetic confinement fusion reactors based on the DT cycle, it is proposed that near term commercial opportunities using fusion plasmas be identified and pursued. Specific examples of such opportunities are given in the areas of the detection of explosives, the production of medical isotopes, and the destruction of long lived fission product isotopes. It is also suggested that a more profitable path to the goal of fusion electricity might be to concentrate on small, simple devices that eventually can burn the more advanced fusion fuels that emit few if any neutrons. Such devices could gain back the public confidence and counter the “fusion is always 50 years away” syndrome.