gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FirmFuzz (2019)

While the number of IoT devices grows at an exhilarating pace their security remains stagnant. Imposing secure coding standards across all vendors is infeasible. Testing individual devices allows an analyst to evaluate their security post deployment. Any discovered vulnerabilities can then be disclosed to the vendors in order to assist them in securing their products. The search for vulnerabilities should ideally be automated for efficiency and furthermore be device-independent for scalability.
Atrial Excitation Assuming Uniform Propagation (2003)

Based upon comparison with data from other studies, it is concluded that, during stable heart rhythms, propagation of the atrial excitation wave is well approximated by an assumption of uniform velocity, even though no atrial bundles were included in the model. The overall geometry seems to be the dominant factor in the spread of excitation.
Rotavirus VP1 alone specifically binds to the 3' end of viral mRNA, but the interaction is not sufficient to initiate minus-strand synthesis (1996)

Recent studies have shown that disrupted (open) rotavirus cores have an associated replicase activity which supports the synthesis of dsRNA from viral mRNA in a cell-free system (D. Chen, C. Q.-Y. Zeng, M. J. Wentz, M. Gorziglia, M. K. Estes, and R. F. Ramig, J. Virol. 68:7030-7039, 1994). To determine which of the core proteins, VP1, VP2, or VP3, recognizes the template mRNA during RNA replication, SA11 open cores were incubated with 32P-labeled RNA probes of viral and nonviral origin and the reaction mixtures were analyzed for the formation of RNA-protein complexes by gel mobility shift assay. In mixtures containing a probe representing the 3' end of SA11 gene 8 mRNA, two closely migrating RNA-protein complexes, designated s and f, were detected. The interaction between the RNA and protein of the s and f complexes was shown to be specific by competitive binding assay with tRNA and brome mosaic virus RNA. By electrophoretic analysis of RNA-protein complexes recovered from gels, VP1 was shown to be the only viral protein component of the complexes, thereby indicating that VP1 specifically recognizes the 3' end of gene 8 mRNA. Analysis of VP1 purified from open cores by glycerol gradient centrifugation verified that VP1 recognizes the 3' end of viral mRNA but also showed that in the absence of other viral proteins, VP1 lacks replicase activity. When reconstituted with VP2-rich portions of the gradient, VP1 stimulated levels of replicase activity severalfold. These data indicate that VP1 can bind to viral mRNA in the absence of any other viral proteins and suggest that VP2 must interact with the RNA-protein complex before VP1 gains replicase activity.
INTERACTION OF ESTROGENS ON UTERINE GROWTH* (1954)

THE simultaneous occurrence of two or more estrogens within the same animal has been a frequent topic for conjectural discussions as to possible physiologic and biochemical implications. It is the opinion of some that estradiol (α and β) is the hormone secreted by the Graafian follicle and that estrone, though present in the follicular liquor, is derived from it. Furthermore, there is good evidence for believing that the two estradiols and estrone undergo interconversion in the body and this possibility receives additional support from the results of in vitro experiments. It is also thought that estriol may be derived from estrone. However, estriol has been isolated only from human material, although a substance with similar physiologic and chemical properties has been obtained from other animals following the administration of estrone. Probably the most direct evidence that such a conversion can take place in the human being is the observation by Pearlman, Pearlman and Rakoff (1) who gave deuterio-estrone acetate to 2 women in late pregnancy and obtained the same conversion rate to estriol as for nonpregnant women and men.
High-Level Reformulation of Constraint Programs. (2001)

ABSTRACT. We propose a set of reformulation rules for models of constraint satisfaction problems that are written in our high-level constraint programming language ESRA, which is more ex-pressive than OPL and is compiled into OPL. These automatable rules achieve models that are often very similar to what a human modeller would have tried, such as switching from a pure constraint program to an integer linear program. Since, for a given solver and a given instance of a problem, it is very hard to figure out which model is the best, we advocate that tool support of our reformulation rules should operate with a set of training instances. Indeed, this is the only way of guaranteeing that the actually chosen reformulation pays off, at least for instances within the distribution underlying the training instances. RÉSUMÉ. Nous proposons un jeu de règles de reformulation pour modèles de problèmes de satis-faction de contraintes exprimés dans notre langage de haut niveau ESRA pour programmation par contraintes, qui est plus expressif qu’OPL et qui est compilé en OPL. Ces règles automa-tisables donnent des modèles souvent très similaires à ce qu’un modélisateur humain aurait essayé, comme par exemple le passage d’un pur programme par contraintes à un programme linéaire entier. Comme, pour un solveur donné et une instance donnée d’un problème, il est très difficile de déterminer quel modèle est le meilleur, nous maintenons qu’un outil supportant nos règles de reformulation devrait utiliser un jeu d’instances d’entraînement. En effet, ceci est la seule voie pour garantir que la reformulation effectivement choisie soit rentable, du moins pour les instances dans la distribution sousjacente aux instances d’entraînement.
Unsaturated Molecules Containing Main Group Metals (1987)

Abstract Molecules in which there are neighboring electrophilic and nucleophilic centers are unusually reactive. Oligomerization can be prevented only by bulky groups attached to the main group metal atom that would act as electron pair acceptor, or to the basic non‐metal atom. The basic and the acid centers behave as a single unit in chemical reactions; the system is similar to a “double bond” whose π‐electron density is largely concentrated at one atom. The unsaturated nature of these molecules can be seen in (for example) their addition reactions with hydrogen compounds of non‐metals, or in reactions that are distantly related to cycloadditions at homopolar double bonds. The selection of suitable reaction partners leads to polycyclic, cage‐like molecules containing metal atoms. If these atoms possess lone pairs (as is usual in the lower oxidation states of the third and fourth main groups), these can be utilized to form bonds to further (Lewis acid) metal centers. In some cases large assemblies can be built up from polycyclic systems in this way; a characteristic of these assemblies is a one‐dimensional array of metal atoms. Commonly occurring structural features of the polycyclic species are tetrahedra, trigonal bipyramids and cubes.
Phased-array optical scanning (1979)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. L. Hughes and A. K. Ghatak, "Phased-array optical scanning," Appl. Opt. 18, 2098-2098 (1979) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
<title>An integrated controller for a flexible and wireless atomic force microscopy</title> (2005)

Nowadays Atomic Force Microscopy is one of the most extended techniques performed in biological measurements. Due to the higher flexibility in respect to conventional equipments, a novel approach in this field is the use of a microrobot equipped with an AFM tool. In this paper it is presented an integrated controller for an AFM tool assembled in a 1 cm<sup>3</sup> wireless microrobot. The AFM tool is mounted on the tip of a rotational piezoelectric actuator arm. It consists on a XYZ positioning scanner, based in 4 piezoelectric stacked actuators, and an AFM piezoresistance probe. Two types of AFM working modes are implemented in the controller, i.e., nanoidentation and AFM scanning. Correction of the mismatch of the piezoactuators composing the arm is possible. A programmable PID control is included in the controller in order to get more flexibility in terms of scanning speed and resolution. An IrDA protocol is used to program the parameters of the AFM tool controller and the positioning of the robot in the working area. Then the values of the nanoindentation or of the scanning can be read through the IrDA interface without any other external action. Due to the strong power and area restrictions, the controller has been implemented in specific logic in a 0.35um technology. The design has been done using functional specifications with high level tools and RTL synthesis. The AFM scanner can be positioned with a resolution of 10 nm and scan areas up to 1 μm<sup>2</sup> with an expected vertical resolution of 1nm.
Live Vaccinia Virus Recombinants Expressing Herpes Simplex Virus Genes (1991)

Vaccinia virus recombinants expressing antigens from herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been tested as potential live virus vaccines for prevention of HSV infection. We describe three vaccinia virus/HSV recombinants. The first expresses the HSV-1 glycoprotein D (vaccinia/gD), the second expresses the HSV-1 glycoprotein B (vaccinia/gB), and the third expresses both the HSV-1 glycoprotein D and the influenza A hemagglutinin (vaccinia/HSVgD/influenza). Mice immunized with vaccinia/gD or vaccinia/gB developed antibodies capable of neutralizing HSV in vitro and were protected against both lethal and latent infection with HSV. Protection against HSV challenge persisted for greater than 1 year in mice immunized with vaccinia/gD. The immune response to HSV in mice immunized with vaccinia/gD could be increased by a booster vaccination with vaccinia/gD. However, the immune response to HSV was decreased in animals immunized with a vaccinia recombinant that expressed non-HSV genes before vaccination with vaccinia/gD. In separate experiments, a bivalent vaccinia recombinant, vaccinia/HSVgD/influenza, was constructed and was found to be comparable to the vaccinia/gD single recombinant in immunogenicity and protective efficacy against lethal HSV challenge. We conclude that vaccinia/HSV recombinants can provide protection against HSV infection in mice and that these recombinants may provide an alternative approach in the development of a live virus vaccine against HSV.
Morphological and Textural Comparisons of Soybean Mozzarella Cheese Analogs Prepared with Different Hydrocolloids (1982)

The morphology and texture of mozzarella cheese analogs prepared from soy protein isolate, gelatin, fat and different hydrocolloids (gums) were evaluated and compared. The fracturability, hardness and adhesiveness of the cheese analog gels were found to be proportionally related to the amount of fat and gelatin, and concentration and viscosity of gums. However, the stretchability of the cheese analog progels was not controlled by the viscosity of gums, but by the amount of gum and gelatin in the formulation. Fat content affected the fracturability and hardness, but did not have a significant effect on the other textural parameters or stretchability. This physical relationship enabled the preparation of cheese analogs with a broad range of fat contents. Microstructural studies indicated that gums with a lower viscosity formed a uniform and delicate gel network. Gums with a higher viscosity tended to form clumps in the gel network which might retard the alignment of molecules in the progel state and hence, adversely affect the stretching properties of the analog.
DETERIORATION OF FILAMENTS AND FILMS OF POLYETHYLENETEREPHTHALATE WITH ENZYME OF <i>Cladosporium cladosporioides</i> FERM J-8 (1983)

Deterioration of filaments and films of polyethyleneterephthalate were investigated with crude enzyme solutions of Cladosporium cladosporioides FERM J-8. The test pieces of filaments or films were immersed at given pH (5.5, 7.0, 8.0) in the enzyme solutions prepared from the fungus. The mixture was shaken at 30°C for two weeks. The incubated samples were observed by scanning electron micrography and some physical properties of the filaments or films were examined. Furthermore, the chemical changes of the filaments or films and the liberations of carboxyl group and ammonia were measured.The tensile strength, viscoelasticity, extension behavior and relative viscosity were remarkably changed. It was recognized that these changes were caused by the hydrolysis with esterase of Clad. cladosporioides. This deterioration phenomena was not the swelling soluble type such as Nylon-6, Diacetate, Cotton cellulose and Silk fibroin. But, it has a similar property of Polyurethane, Triacetate and Diacetate filter. As the above result, it was considered that the lyric mechanism was almost same as the action of the organic bases or ammonia.
Distribution of Alginate Lyase Activity among Strains of <i>Bacillus circulans</i> (1985)

Strains from four different DNA relatedness groups of Bacillus circulans showed apparent alginate lyase activity; the activity of three strains examined had mannuronidase specificity. A representative strain of group 4 also produced apparent inducible unsulfated chrondroitin lyase activity.
Sound wave propagation in transition-regime micro- and nanochannels (2002)

We present an extension of the existing continuum theory for sound wave propagation in dilute gases in “narrow” two-dimensional channels to arbitrary Knudsen numbers; the theory provides predictions for the wavelength and attenuation coefficient as a function of the oscillation frequency. A channel is considered narrow in the context of wave propagation when its height is much smaller than the characteristic diffusion length based on the wave frequency. This criterion is easily satisfied by small scale (transition-regime) channels for most frequencies of interest. Numerical simulations for a dilute monoatomic gas using the direct simulation Monte Carlo are used to verify the theoretical results. Good agreement is found between theory and simulation.
Dopamine Mechanisms of Cocaine Addiction (1994)

The ability of cocaine to induce a compulsive addictive behavior is the most astonishing feature of this drug. Attempting to understand the mechanisms underlying cocaine's addictive properties, two major questions should be considered: a) why and how organism's interaction with cocaine results in the development of new, drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior and b) why and how cocaine maintains this behavior when the drug is available. Since a large body of neuropharmacological evidence suggest that the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system has exclusive importance for the development and maintenance of cocaine addictive behavior, and cocaine is known to interfere in activity of this brain system, examination of mesocorticolimbic DA activity during cocaine self-administration behavior may provide some clues for understanding the drug's additive properties and regulation of this maladaptive goal-directed behavior. The aim of this paper is to discuss the literature and own experimental data on cocaine's action on the mesocorticolimbic DA system that may be involved in mediating its addictive properties. Based on these data, it is suggested that an inhibiting action of cocaine on reuptake of released DA, although essential, but not sufficient mechanism for the development and maintenance of addictive behavior. It is hypothesized, that coexistence of functionally antagonistic, inhibiting actions of cocaine on the mesolimbic DA release and reuptake of released DA may be responsible for biphasic fluctuations in DA transmission that appear to be a critical component of central oscillatory mechanism which drives and regulates cyclic drug-taking behavior.
Molecular dissection of the human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (1999)

The human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein is an ATP-dependent drug pump that extrudes a broad range of cytotoxic agents from the cell. Its physiological role may be to protect the body from endogenous and exogenous cytotoxic agents. The protein has clinical importance because it contributes to the phenomenon of multidrug resistance during chemotherapy. In this review, we discuss some of the results obtained by using molecular biology and protein chemistry techniques for studying this important and intriguing protein.Key words: P-glycoprotein, ABC transporters, drug transport, dibromobimane, mutagenesis, disulfide crosslinking, metal-chelate chromatography, ATPase activity.
An Unusual Fatty Acid Composition for a Fresh-Water Mussel, Unio tumidus, from Bulgaria (1992)

A combination of hplc in the silver ion mode and gc-ms of picolinyl ester derivatives was used to identify the fatty acids in a fresh-water mussel, Unio tumidus, from the Danube in Bulgaria. A number of novel fatty acids were found, including 14-methylpentadec-6-enoic and 17-methyloctadec-8-enoic acids. Eicos-7-enoic acid was a major component.
Twentieth anniversary of the Division and Journal of Chemical Education (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwentieth anniversary of the Division and Journal of Chemical EducationPaul H. Fall Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1944, 21, 9, 463Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1944Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 1944Published inissue 1 September 1944https://doi.org/10.1021/ed021p463RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views13Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Dispersion of the Linewidth Enhancement Factor in Semiconductor Injection Lasers (1984)

The dispersion of the linewidth enhancement factor α in an AlGaAs injection laser has been determined from the changes in spontaneous emission spectra as bias current is varied below threshold. It is demonstrated that the results are in good agreement with a simple model which takes account of the gain spectra and the associated anomalous dispersion of the refractive index in parabolic bands.
Graft immaturity and safety concerns in transplanted human kidney organoids (2019)

For chronic kidney disease, regeneration of lost nephrons with human kidney organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is proposed to be an attractive potential therapeutic option. It remains unclear, however, whether organoids transplanted into kidneys in vivo would be safe or functional. Here, we purified kidney organoids and transplanted them beneath the kidney capsules of immunodeficient mice to test their safety and maturity. Kidney organoid grafts survived for months after transplantation and became vascularized from host mouse endothelial cells. Nephron-like structures in grafts appeared more mature than kidney organoids in vitro, but remained immature compared with the neighboring mouse kidney tissue. Ultrastructural analysis revealed filtration barrier-like structures, capillary lumens, and tubules with brush border in the transplanted kidney organoids, which were more mature than those of the kidney organoids in vitro but not as organized as adult mammalian kidneys. Immaturity was a common feature of three separate differentiation protocols by immunofluorescence analysis and single cell RNA sequencing. Stroma of transplanted kidney organoid grafts were filled with vimentin-positive mesenchymal cells, and chondrogenesis, cystogenesis, and stromal expansion were observed in the long term. Transcription profiles showed that long-term maintenance after kidney organoid transplantation induced transcriptomic reprogramming with prominent suppression of cell-cycle-related genes and upregulation of extracellular matrix organization. Our data suggest that kidney organoids derived from iPS cells may be transplantable but strategies to improve nephron differentiation and purity are required before they can be applied in humans as a therapeutic option.
Community Preserving Network Embedding (2017)

Network embedding, aiming to learn the low-dimensional representations of nodes in networks, is of paramount importance in many real applications. One basic requirement of network embedding is to preserve the structure and inherent properties of the networks. While previous network embedding methods primarily preserve the microscopic structure, such as the first- and second-order proximities of nodes, the mesoscopic community structure, which is one of the most prominent feature of networks, is largely ignored. In this paper, we propose a novel Modularized Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (M-NMF) model to incorporate the community structure into network embedding. We exploit the consensus relationship between the representations of nodes and community structure, and then jointly optimize NMF based representation learning model and modularity based community detection model in a unified framework, which enables the learned representations of nodes to preserve both of the microscopic and community structures. We also provide efficient updating rules to infer the parameters of our model, together with the correctness and convergence guarantees. Extensive experimental results on a variety of real-world networks show the superior performance of the proposed method over the state-of-the-arts.
A Reactive Model-based Programming Language for Robotic Space Explorers (2001)

In this work, a conjugate of DNA-oligopeptide was successfully synthesized. The conjugation of MT hook did improve the anti-fusion activity of DNA G-quadruplex-based inhibitors. Our results can provide information regarding structure-activity relationships of DNA helix-based inhibitors and a reference for the follow-up experimental studies.
The ovarian reserve: predicting the menopause (2015)

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