gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of environment on radiation-induced out diffusion of deuterons and protons from crystalline LiNbO_{3} at low temperatures (1991)

Hydrogenic species (protons and deuterons) are removed efficiently from single crystals of ${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_{3}$ during electron irradiation in vacuum near room temperature. Irradiation in air produces no significant change in the concentration of the hydrogenic species.
NMR and molecular modeling study of active and inactive taxol analogues in aqueous and nonaqueous solution (1994)

The conformations of the biologically active taxol analogs Taxotere®, 3R, 4R, and 4S, and the biologically inactive analog 3S were evaluated in CDCl 3 and DMSO–water solution using 1 H NMR coupling constant and NOESY data and molecular modeling. The solution structures of Taxotere® were very similar to those detected previously for taxol. The A-ring side chain conformations of analogs 3 and 4 could not be defined with the same precision as had been possible for taxol, but the conformational possibilities could be significantly limited by the data. Analogs 3R, 4R, and 4S (but not 3S) can mimic the dominant conformation of taxol in chloroform, but no logical relationship between biological activity and aqueous solution conformation could be detected.
<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> merozoites primarily stimulate the V<sub>γ</sub>9 subset of human γ/δ T cells (1991)

Peripheral blood-derived T cells from six unprimed caucasian donors were tested for the in vitro reactivity to Plasmodium falciparum merozoites (PFM). Without exception vigorous proliferative responses were observed within the donors tested. The frequency of PFM-reactive T cells ranged from 1/150-1/300. Phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in the presence of PFM revealed the preferential outgrowth of gamma/delta T cells, which represented within 7 days about 70% of the reactive T cell blasts. All reactive gamma/delta T cell blasts displayed the V gamma 9+ TcR phenotype. We conclude that human gamma/delta T cells respond vigorously to PFM, and that this property is confined to V gamma 9+ T cell subset.
Nitazoxanide inhibits paramyxovirus replication by targeting the Fusion protein folding: role of glycoprotein-specific thiol oxidoreductase ERp57 (2018)

Paramyxoviridae, a large family of enveloped viruses harboring a nonsegmented negative-sense RNA genome, include important human pathogens as measles, mumps, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza viruses, and henipaviruses, which cause some of the deadliest emerging zoonoses. There is no effective antiviral chemotherapy for most of these pathogens. Paramyxoviruses evolved a sophisticated membrane-fusion machine consisting of receptor-binding proteins and the fusion F-protein, critical for virus infectivity. Herein we identify the antiprotozoal/antimicrobial nitazoxanide as a potential anti-paramyxovirus drug targeting the F-protein. We show that nitazoxanide and its circulating-metabolite tizoxanide act at post-entry level by provoking Sendai virus and RSV F-protein aggregate formation, halting F-trafficking to the host plasma membrane. F-protein folding depends on ER-resident glycoprotein-specific thiol-oxidoreductase ERp57 for correct disulfide-bond architecture. We found that tizoxanide behaves as an ERp57 non-competitive inhibitor; the putative drug binding-site was located at the ERp57-b/b' non-catalytic domains interface. ERp57-silencing mimicked thiazolide-induced F-protein alterations, suggesting an important role of this foldase in thiazolides anti-paramyxovirus activity. Nitazoxanide is used in the clinic as a safe and effective antiprotozoal/antimicrobial drug; its antiviral activity was shown in patients infected with hepatitis-C virus, rotavirus and influenza viruses. Our results now suggest that nitazoxanide may be effective also against paramyxovirus infection.
"1,8號位雙取代之萘衍生物之合成、性質探討" (2015)

本篇論文是以萘環為結構中心，選擇在具有立體障礙的1,8位置(Peri)分別接上一個咔唑基團以及不同拉電子基團(噁二唑、苯并咪唑、丁腈、硝基、甲酸基)，合成一系列可藉由立體障礙阻斷共軛的雙偶極咔唑化合物。由於推拉電子基團之間的距離十分接近，所以針對不同拉電子基的化合物進行光物理及電化學性質的測量與比較，並觀察基團間可能的交互作用。另外，將咔唑基團置換成具有重原子效應的溴原子，對這些不同拉電子基的萘溴衍生物進行光物理及電化學性質的比較與探討。
 經由螢光、磷光光譜以及循環伏安法的測量結果，得知所有萘化合物的最低未填滿分子軌域(LUMO)及三重激發態都是位在萘環結構上，而且三重激發態的能階並不會隨著取代基改變而有太大的變化，其中雙偶極萘化合物皆在2.55 eV附近，以化合物12為代表與綠光磷光有機發光二極體(PhOLED)之客發光體Ir(ppy)3以及紅光磷光有機發光二極體之客發光體Ir(2-phq)2(acac)進行能量轉移實驗，得知其對於Ir(ppy)3與Ir(2-phq)2(acac)良好的能量轉移效率，未來也許有作為綠光及紅光有機發光二極體主發光體材料的潛力。
L’entreprise multinationale et la division internationale du travail (1971)

gnie mondiale, socit multinationale, entreprise mondiale, la grande entreprise plurinationale, la grande unit interterritoriale, la grande entreprise multinationale, la grande unit pluriterritoriale ; ou comme les appelait un ministre franais des Affaires trangres : les monstrueuses corporations amricaines l .
Tissue‐inherent fate of GPI revealed by GPI‐anchored GFP transgenesis (1999)

To clarify the fate of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) in mammals, we developed GPI-anchored enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP-GPI) and transgenic mice carrying this fusion construct. When it was introduced to culture cells, the EGFP-GPI protein was correctly sorted to plasma membranes and microsomes depending on GPI biosynthesis. Transgenic mice carrying EGFP-GPI were found to show a broad transgene expression. Histologically, a prominent polarized localization of EGFP-GPI protein was observed in various epithelia, the nervous system and liver and secreted from some exocrine glands, as well as non-polarized presence in non-epithelial tissues, demonstrating a tissue-inherent manner of GPI sorting.
Non‐Phenolic Dicinnamamides from <i>Pholiota Spumosa</i>: Isolation, Synthesis and Antitumour Activity (2007)

Abstract Two new amides derived from cinnamic acid, namely,( R )‐2‐hydroxyputrescine dicinnamamide ( 4 ) and pholiotic acid {(2 R )‐2‐[( S )‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryloxy]putrescine dicinnamamide} ( 5 ), in addition to the known compound maytenine ( N 1 , N 8 ‐dicinnamoyl spermidine) ( 3 ) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the Basidiomycete Pholiota spumosa . The absolute configuration of 4 was established as ( R ) by its total synthesis starting from ( S )‐dimethylmalate, whereas that of 5 was determined by conversion into the known compound methyl ( S )‐4‐[( S )‐1‐(1‐naphthalen‐1‐yl)ethylcarbamoyl]‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylbutanoate ( 14 ). Compounds 3 and 5 exhibited an inhibitory effect on cell growth of the androgen‐insensitive DU‐145 prostate cancer cells, which suggests that these fungal polyamine conjugates, like other polyamine analogues, might have chemotherapeutic potential against androgen‐independent prostatic cancer. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Even transcriptionally competent proviruses are silent in bovine leukemia virus-induced sheep tumor cells. (1988)

To investigate the role of proviral integration and expression in cellular transformation induced by bovine leukemia virus (BLV), three BLV-induced tumors harboring a single proviral copy were selected upon restriction and hybridization analysis. Tumors 344 and 395 were shown to contain a full-size proviral copy, whereas in tumor 1345 the provirus appeared to be heavily deleted. RNA gel blot hybridization with an antisense RNA probe showed no transcription of the viral sequences in the fresh tumors or in sheep tumor cells growing in vitro. The proviruses were cloned and transfected in mammalian cell lines. Transient-expression experiments revealed that the complete proviruses were still able to express the trans-activating protein (Tat) as well as structural proteins, demonstrating that the nonexpression of a provirus in a tumor cell does not necessarily imply a structural alteration of the viral information. In contrast, sequence analysis of the provirus with a large deletion and transient-expression assays proved that this truncated provirus, isolated from a tumor, was unable to code for viral proteins. These data indicate that expression of viral genes, including tat, is not required for the maintenance of the transformed state.
Catching Bandits and Only Bandits: Privacy-Preserving Intersection Warrants for Lawful Surveillance (2014)

Motivated in part by the Snowden revelations, we address the question of whether intelligence and lawenforcement agencies can gather actionable, relevant information about unknown electronic targets without conducting dragnet surveillance. We formulate principles that we believe effective, lawful surveillance protocols should adhere to in an era of big data and global communication networks. We then focus on intersection of cell-tower dumps, a specific surveillance operation that the FBI has used effectively. As a case study, we present a system that computes such intersections in a privacypreserving, accountable fashion. Preliminary experiments indicate that such a system could be efficient and usable, suggesting that privacy and accountability need not be barriers to effective intelligence gathering.
The Effect of Fuel Properties on Low and High Temperature Heat Release and Resulting Performance of an HCCI Engine (2004)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A supercharged 4-cylinder engine was introduced to evaluate how fuel properties affect engine combustion and performance in homogeneous charge compression ignition <b>(HCCI)</b> operation. In this study, choosing from 12 hydrocarbon constituents, model fuels were mixed to have the same distillation but different octane numbers (RON=70, 80, 92). For each fuel, RON distribution against distillation is same to keep the same octane number in cylinder vapor during the air-fuel compression process. To confirm the appropriateness of model fuels and test procedures, regular gasoline (RON=90) was also included. From the combustion analysis it was clear that the low temperature heat release depends on fuel characteristics. RON92 fuel has a small low temperature heat release, and a high temperature heat release combusts slowly. RON92 fuel is considered to be a good anti-knocking fuel for HCCI, but at higher engine speeds, the high temperature heat release is excessively late resulting in frequent misfire. Although the higher octane number can yield better thermal efficiency, the engine could not be run at high speed. This trend was also evident with regular gasoline. Additionally, the start of low temperature heat release also depends on fuel characteristics. Both the phasing of the low temperature heat release and the amount released greatly influence the phasing of the high temperature heat release and the resulting engine performance. The effect of fuel chemical components on low temperature heat release was also investigated. To simplify the engine tests, three fuels, a base blend, a mixture of base blend+6.5% of n-heptane and a mixture of base blend+6.5% of toluene, were used. The heating value and the start crank angle of the low temperature heat release differ for these three fuels. Adding only 6.5% of either n-heptane or toluene against base blend changes the HCCI heat release and HCCI engine performances. Fuel components must be one of the most important factors for HCCI combustion.</div>
Earlier diagnosis and survival in lung cancer (1969)

In a controlled investigation the survival prospects of lung cancer in a population of men aged 40 and over who had been offered six-monthly chest radiographs over a period of three years were compared with lung cancer in a similar population without such x-ray facilities. The five-year survival rate of lung cancer in the study series was 15%, and in cases discovered by six-monthly examination 23%, compared with 6% in the control series. The average expectation of life after diagnosis was 2.5 years for the test cases and 1.2 for the control cases. Survival declined with age. Of resected lung cancer, 32% survived five years in the test series and 23% in the control series. The five-year survival rate for squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in the test series was 28% and 25% respectively, compared with 15% and nil in the control series.On the basis of these results it is concluded that through earlier radiological detection a modest improvement in the prognosis of lung cancer can be achieved.
Coupled Electromagnetic-Thermal Analysis for Predicting Traction Motor Characteristics According to Electric Vehicle Driving Cycle (2021)

The accuracy of motor characteristics prediction according to driving cycle can be improved by taking temperature change of motor into account. From this point of view, this paper proposes a fast and accurate coupled analysis method. To calculate motor circuit parameters, electromagnetic finite element analysis (FEA) is used. The proposed method consists of two stages to exclude the time consuming FEA from repetitive process. In pre-process stage, the circuit parameters are stored as look-up tables (LUTs) considering motor temperature. Further, a technique that allows reducing the number of analyses is developed to consider a wide operating temperature range with less time consumption. In main process stage, the torque and voltage equations are solved using the circuit parameter LUTs. Among the solved motor characteristics, losses are applied to lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) as heat sources to figure out thermal characteristics. Here, techniques including loss separation and thermal parameter tuning are introduced to improve both accuracy and speed of the LPTN. Since the computation of the characteristic equations and LPTN are fast, the iterative analysis at entire time steps of the driving cycle is facilitated. An example of the proposed method is presented using worldwide harmonized light vehicle test procedure (WLTP). Thereafter, the effectiveness of the method is discussed by comparison with conventional methods. Finally, the experimental verifications are conducted to validate the electromagnetic FEA and LPTN used in this study.
A Structural Model of the Type 1 Copper Protein Active Site:  N<sub>2</sub>S(thiolate)S(thioether) Ligation in a Cu(II) Complex (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Structural Model of the Type 1 Copper Protein Active Site: N2S(thiolate)S(thioether) Ligation in a Cu(II) ComplexPatrick L. Holland and William B. TolmanView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 26, 6331–6332Publication Date (Web):June 16, 2000Publication History Received17 April 2000Published online16 June 2000Published inissue 1 July 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja001328vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja001328vrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1825Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Copper,Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy,Ligands,Mathematical methods,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
A cavity-backed coplanar waveguide slot antenna array (2009)

In this thesis, a cavity-backed slot antenna array is designed for relatively wide instantaneous bandwidth, high gain and low sidelobes. The array consists of four, rectangular, slot elements, arranged side-by-side in a linear array and developed around 5GHz. Two feed points, at opposing sides of the printed array, each excite two of the slot elements through a series feed. This bidirectional feed presents symmetry to the design and prevents the tendency of beam-drift versus frequency as is common with many series-fed arrays. While being fed in-phase, the array will maintain boresight at broadside over the entire operating bandwidth. Also, the additional port allows for the potential introduction of a phase offset and, therefore, beam tilt. Finally, the printed array is designed to function within a quarter-wave, metallic cavity to achieve unidirectional radiation and improve gain.
Relative Standard Deviations in Determinations of Amino Acids (1971)

Abstract Eighteen references were selected for computation of the relative standard deviation in determinations of amino acids. Cysteine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and methionine were associated with higher relative standard deviations than other amino acids. A mean relative standard deviation of about 8%, ranging from 5.9 to 14.1% depending on the amino acid, was observed between samples independently hydrolyzed. The relative standard deviation between aliquots of the same hydrolysate was 2.7%. Differences in amino acids of 10 to 12% are statistically significant when 2 means, each based on 2 hydrolyses, are compared.
AmpliTaq <sup>®</sup> DNA Polymerase, FS Dye-Terminator Sequencing: Analysis of Peak Height Patterns (1996)

Taq DNA polymerases in which the phenylalanine is substituted by a tyrosine at position 667 (Taq F667Y) are members of a new class of DNA polymerases that incorporate chain-terminating dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (ddNTPs) much more efficiently than the wild-type Taq DNA polymerase. Improved incorporation of ddNTPs into DNA during cycle sequencing using AmpliTaq DNA polymerase, FS (Taq-FS, a member of the Taq F667Y family), and dye-labeled primers results in nearly uniform peak heights in the sequencing trace. This is not the case when dye-labeled ddNTPs are used in Taq-FS cycle sequencing reactions. While the rate of dye-terminator incorporation is more efficient with Taq-FS, the peak pattern is still highly variable and different from that produced by the wild-type enzyme. We have systematically examined pairs of sequence-tagged sites that vary at only a single nucleotide to determine how base changes influence the peak heights of neighboring bases in sequencing traces generated by the Taq-FS dye-terminator chemistry. In 31 of 64 possible 3-base windows (48%), we find that the peak height of a particular base can be predicted by knowing just one or two bases 5' to the base in question. We have also compared and contrasted the peak patterns produced by the Taq-FS enzyme with those previously identified for the wild-type enzyme. Establishing the patterns in peak heights within local sequence contexts can improve the accuracy of base-calling and the identification of polymorphisms/mutations when using the Taq-FS dye-terminator cycle-sequencing chemistry.
The Effect of Humidity on a Corona Discharge in Air (1970)

The effect of humidity on a corona discharge in air is investigated and found to produce a decrease in discharge current of about 20% for a change in humidity from dry to saturated conditions at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. It is suggested that this effect can be used to measure humidity in applications where rapid response is essential and the need to compensate for moderate temperature and pressure changes can be tolerated.
Replacing Mn<sup>2+</sup> with Co<sup>2+</sup> in Human Arginase I Enhances Cytotoxicity toward <scp>l</scp>-Arginine Auxotrophic Cancer Cell Lines (2010)

Replacing the two Mn(2+) ions normally present in human Arginase I with Co(2+) resulted in a significantly lowered K(M) value without a concomitant reduction in k(cat). In addition, the pH dependence of the reaction was shifted from a pK(a) of 8.5 to a pK(a) of 7.5. The combination of these effects led to a 10-fold increase in overall catalytic activity (k(cat)/K(M)) at pH 7.4, close to the pH of human serum. Just as important for therapeutic applications, Co(2+) substitution lead to significantly increased serum stability of the enzyme. Our data can be explained by direct coordination of l-Arg to one of the Co(2+) ions during reaction, consistent with previously reported model studies. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments verified that the Co(2+)-substituted human Arg I displays an approximately 12- to 15-fold lower IC(50) value for the killing of human hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma cell lines and thus constitutes a promising new candidate for the treatment of l-Arg auxotrophic tumors.
The Use of Protein-Substituted Nylon Catheters for Selective Immunoadsorption in Vivo (1974)

Abstract Nylon tubing was partially hydrolyzed with acid and conjugated with human serum albumin (HSA) or ovalbumin (OA) by means of a water soluble carbodiimide or glutaraldehyde. The antigen-substituted tubing reacted specifically with antibody in vitro as indicated by selective uptake of 125I-labeled anti-HSA or 131I-labeled anti-OA from mixtures of the two radioactive proteins. The HSA-substituted tubing had a 125I to 131I ratio of τ; 2.5 whereas the OA-substituted tubing had a ratio of &lt; 0.4. The antigen-substituted tubing was evaluated for its ability to interact with antigen in vivo by passing lengths of HSA and OA tubing into the inferior vena cava of heparinized dogs. As in the in vitro experiments selective binding of 125I anti-HSA or 131I anti-OH antibody was observed. Kinetic measurements indicated that if the tubing were cycled continuously through the venous system it would be possible theoretically to remove milligram amounts of antibody over a 24-hr period. Since nylon tubing can be conjugated to a variety of proteins, haptens, and hapten protein conjugates, the nylon catheter system may be applicable to the removal of circulating antigens and antibodies in man and experimental animals.
An experimental study of thermal post‐production processing of auxetic polypropylene fibres (2008)

Abstract Following the successful batch production of auxetic ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene and nylon, in the form of 10 mm diameter cylinders, a continuous melt extrusion route was adapted from conventional melt extrusion routes to produce fibres. Previous studies have shown that, once drawing has occurred, the auxetic effect is lost and, consequently, the mechanical properties of these fibres have been restricting their otherwise great potential in a wide range of applications. Research has therefore been undertaken into improving this matter by subjecting the auxetic fibres to a range of different thermal post‐production processing conditions. The fibres then underwent mechanical testing, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Video Extensometry. Results suggest that annealing enhances the mechanical properties of these fibres and may provide a further route to enhancing auxeticity in improving homogeneity by over 40%. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
VI.—CRITICAL NOTICES (1914)

VI.—CRITICAL NOTICES Get access Conduct and its Disorders, Biologically Considered. By CHARLES ARTHUR MERCIER, etc. London: Macmillan & Co., 1911. Pp. xxiii, 377. W. LESLIE MACKENZIE W. LESLIE MACKENZIE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume XXIII, Issue 1, 1914, Pages 119–122, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/XXIII.1.119 Published: 01 January 1914