gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B as the Major Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity Capable of Dephosphorylating and Activating c-Src in Several Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines (2000)

c-Src tyrosine kinase activity is elevated in several types of human cancer, and this has been attributed to elevated c-Src expression levels, increased c-Src specific activity, and activating mutations in c-Src. We have found a number of human breast cancer cell lines with elevated c-Src specific activity that also possess elevated phosphatase activity directed against the carboxyl-terminal negative regulatory domain of Src family kinases. To identify this phosphatase, cell extracts from MDA-MB-435S cells were chromatographed and the fractions were assayed for phosphatase activity. Four peaks of phosphatase activity directed against the nonspecific substrate poly(Glu/Tyr) were detected. One peak also dephosphorylated a peptide modeled against the c-Src carboxyl-terminal negative regulatory domain and intact human c-Src. Immunoblotting and immunodepletion experiments identified the phosphatase as protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Examination of several human breast cancer cell lines with increased c-Src activity showed elevated levels of PTP1B protein relative to normal control breast cells. In vitro c-Src reactivation experiments confirmed the ability of PTP1B to dephosphorylate and activate c-Src. In vivo overexpression of PTP1B in 293 cells caused a 2-fold increase of endogenous c-Src kinase activity. Our findings indicate that PTP1B is the primary protein-tyrosine phosphatase capable of dephosphorylating c-Src in several human breast cancer cell lines and suggests a regulatory role for PTP1B in the control of c-Src kinase activity.
Progressively authenticated image transmission (2003)

Network-conscious image compression has been shown to provide faster progressive display than traditional compression algorithms, when images are transmitted over lossy low-bandwidth packet-switched networks. In this paper, we combine the advantages of wavelet-based, network-conscious image compression with a blind digital image signature technique. Together these two approaches investigate progressive display where each progressive image can be authenticated by the receiver in real time.
Spoofing Detection for Airborne GNSS Equipment (2018)

Standards for the next-generation of civilian airborne GNSS equipment are now in development by RTCA and the European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment (EUROCAE). An initial version (for verification and validation) of Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for dual-frequency multi-constellation (DFMC) GNSS airborne equipment is planned to be completed by 2020 and a final version by 2022. One objective for the next-generation airborne equipment is for improved resiliency in the presence of GNSS threats including spoofing. The current direction within RTCA and EUROCAE is for the threat of spoofing to be addressed primarily through the introduction of new requirements to detect the presence of false GNSS signals within the airborne equipment so that so that an alternative means of navigation can be employed without a significant reduction in safety. This paper postulates a set of minimum high-level spoofing detection requirements for airborne GNSS equipment and assesses various methods against these requirements. One objective of this paper is to identify a number of issues for spoofing detection that are unique to certified airborne equipment for the purpose of fostering research to address these issues.
Dipolar mechanisms for magnetic anisotropy in amorphous ferrimagnetic alloys (1978)

Classical magnetic dipolar interactions can make significant contributions to magnetic anisotropy in amorphous ferrimagnetic alloys with slight structural anisotropies on either atomic or microstructural scales. Simple expressions have been derived for this magnetic anisotropy in terms of structural anisotropy parameters, p, V, and Δx. For an alloy with atomic scale structural anisotropy (pair ordering), p is a measure of alignment of unlike nearest neighbor pairs. For an alloy with aligned, elongated composition inhomogeneities, V is the volume fraction of the inhomogeneities and Δx is the composition difference (atom fraction) between the inhomogeneities and their surroundings. Accounting for magnetic anisotropy observed experimentally in bias-sputtered GdCo-based alloy films solely in terms of pair ordering and classical dipolar interactions requires p∼0.015. Accounting for the anisotropy solely in terms of composition inhomogeneities requires V∼0.5 and Δx∼0.1. Although such atomic scale structural anisotropy will be very difficult to detect with currently available experimental techniques, composition inhomogeneities of this magnitude should be easily detectible in x-ray, electron, or neutron small-angle scattering experiments. No evidence for anisotropic composition inhomogeneities is seen in x-ray scattering experiments on micron-thick bias sputtered GdCo-based alloy films, although such inhomogeneities may be present in oxygen-doped, evaporated Gd-Co films and in some annealed Gd-Co films prepared by evaporation and by zero-bias sputtering. Magnetic anisotropy in GdCo-based films probably involves spin orbit interactions as well as classical magnetic dipolar interactions.
Photoinduced CO release, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of a tris(pyrazolyl)methane (tpm) manganese tricarbonyl complex (2008)

Cell viability studies of HT29 colon cancer cells treated with the CO-releasing compound [Mn(CO)(3)(tpm)]PF(6) revealed a significant photoinduced cytotoxicity comparable to that of established agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), while controls kept in the dark were unaffected at up to 100 microM.
Preparation of Tungsten Nitride Film by CVD Method Using  WF 6 (1987)

Tungsten nitride film has been prepared by chemical vapor deposition using tungsten hexafluoride , ammonium, and hydrogen gas . film with metallic luster is obtained at 450°–600°C in the molar ratio of . Crystallite size of increases with increasing temperature from 450° to 650°C. SEM observation indicates that the size of particles in the film increases according to the change in crystallite size. ESCA spectra show that W‒N bond of has an ionic character, Wδ+ ‐ Nδ−.
Structural Description of Pressure-Induced Amorphization in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>ZrW</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> (2007)

ZrW2O8 undergoes a high-pressure amorphization transition above 1.5 GPa to a phase which is recoverable to ambient conditions. Reverse Monte Carlo modeling of neutron and x-ray total scattering data from ZrW2O8 recovered from approximately 4 GPa shows that the large increase in density on pressurizing ZrW2O8 is accommodated within the structure by increased bonding between the WO4 tetrahedra. This increases the tungsten coordination; changes to the ZrO6 octahedral environment are not required. This densified crystal-based model, which contains significant local disorder within a distorted periodic structure, is also in reasonable agreement with x-ray and neutron total scattering data measured in situ at high pressure.
RETRACTED: Suppression of pathogen-inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity in tomato increases susceptibility to <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> (2004)

Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity is induced upon pathogen inoculation in resistant, but not susceptible, tobacco and Arabidopsis plants. It was shown recently that a variant form of the Arabidopsis P protein (AtvarP) has iNOS activity. P protein is part of the glycine decarboxylase complex (GDC). It is unclear whether P protein also has iNOS activity and, if so, whether AtvarP, P, or both, play a role in plant defense. Here, we show that iNOS activity is induced in both resistant and susceptible tomato leaves upon inoculation with the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000. Virus-induced gene-silencing targeting LevarP, a putative tomato ortholog of AtvarP, led to complete suppression of DC3000-induced iNOS activation and an approximately 80% reduction in GDC activity; it also increased disease-symptom severity and DC3000 growth in both resistant and susceptible tomato. To determine whether enhanced susceptibility exhibited by LevarP-silenced, susceptible tomato was due to loss of (i) iNOS activity, (ii) GDC activity, or (iii) both, GDC activity was inhibited with or without concurrent suppression of iNOS. Treatment with methotrexate inhibited both iNOS and GDC activities and resulted in increased susceptibility, comparable with that observed in LevarP-silenced plants. When normal iNOS activity was maintained in the presence of methotrexate by the addition of tetrahydrobiopterin, there was no change in susceptibility, despite a dramatic reduction in GDC activity. Together, these results indicate that iNOS contributes to host defense response against DC3000.
A proposed method of measuring the derivatives of the Earth's magnetic field (1943)

Abstract The method of measuring the derivatives of the earth's magnetic field which is proposed depends on the fact that a small steady magnetic field will modify the e.m.f. induced in the secondary coil of a detector with a core of magnetizable material possessing high initial permeability and a high rate of increase of the permeability with the strength of the magnetizing field. It is shown that a detector of this type is equivalent to an inductor coil rotating with angular speed equal to the periodicity of the alternating magnetizing field.
Excitation of the <i>b</i> 1Σ+<i>g</i> state of O2 by low energy electrons (1978)

Rate coefficients for excitation of the b 1Σ+g state of O2 by low energy electrons have been measured using a drift tube technique. The time dependence of the absolute intensity of the 762 nm band emission was measured for O2 densities between 1016 and 2×1018 molecules/cm3. When corrected for electron attachment, ionization, and metastable diffusion, the number of b 1Σ+g molecules produced per centimeter of electron drift and per O2 molecule calculated from the 762 nm emission varied from 1.3×10−18 cm2 at E/N=5×10−17V cm2 to 2.1×10−16 cm2 at E/N=2×10−15V cm2. These values of electric field to oxygen density ratio E/N correspond to mean electron energies of 0.75 and 6 eV, respectively. Measured decay constants for the 762 nm radiation yield a value for the product of the diffusion coefficient and the O2 density of (5.0±0.3) ×108 cm−1 sec−1 and a quenching coefficient for the b 1Σ+g state of (3.9±0.2) ×10−17 cm3 sec−1. Comparison of measured excitation coefficients with values calculated using a recommended set of electron collision cross sections for O2 show that the cross sections for direct excitation of the b 1Σ+g state are accurate near threshold and suggest that essentially all of the O2 molecules excited to levels at and above 1.63 eV result in the formation of molecules in the b 1Σ+g state.
Algebraic interpretation of geometric tolerances for evaluating geometric uncertainties in solid modeling (1993)

Article Free Access Share on Algebraic interpretation of geometric tolerances for evaluating geometric uncertainties in solid modeling Authors: Masatomo Inui View Profile , Harald Otto View Profile , Fumihiko Kimura View Profile Authors Info & Claims SMA '93: Proceedings on the second ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applicationsJune 1993 Pages 377–386https://doi.org/10.1145/164360.164480Published:01 June 1993Publication History 3citation446DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads446Last 12 Months11Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Survey of Clustering based Financial Fraud Detection Research (2012)

Given the current global economic context, increasing efforts are being made to both prevent and detect fraud. This is a natural response to the ascendant trend in fraud activities recorded in the last couple of years, with a 13% increase only in 2011. Due to ever increasing volumes of data needed to be analyzed, data mining methods and techniques are being used more and more often. One domain data mining can excel at, suspicious transaction monitoring, has emerged for the first time as the most effective fraud detection method in 2011. Out of the available data mining techniques, clustering has proven itself a constant applied solution for detecting fraud. This paper surveys clustering techniques used in fraud detection over the last ten years, shortly reviewing each one.
Video-assisted Nissen's fundoplication using a hand-access port (1996)

SummaryMinilaparotomy has been shown to maintain many of the benefits of minimally invasive therapy (MIT) in cholecystectomy and other procedures. A major loss in MIT, however, is the manual ability to palpate, dissect and suture which can be restored with hand-assist laparoscopic surgery (HALS). This report describes hand-assist fundoplication and other procedures are possible. It may also address many of the concerns in laparoscopic cancer surgery by allowing manual tumour assessment and easy specimen extraction.
miR-15b and miR-21 as Circulating Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Glioma (2015)

Malignant gliomas are lethal primary intracranial tumors. To date, little information on the role of deregulated genes in gliomas have been identified. As the involvement of miRNAs in the carcinogenesis is well known, we carried out a pilot study to identify, as potential biomarkers, differentially expressed microRNAs in blood samples of patients affected by glioma. We studied the miRNAs' expression, by means of microarray and Real-Time PCR, in 30 blood samples from glioma patients and in 82 blood samples of patients suffering from: (a) various neurological disorders (n=30), (b) primary B-lymphoma of the Central Nervous System (PCNSL, n=36) and (c) secondary brain metastases (n=16). By quantitative real time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we identified significantly increased levels of two candidate biomarkers, miR-15b and miR-21, in blood of patients affected by gliomas. ROC analysis of miR-15b biomarker levels allowed to differentiate patients with tumour from patients without glioma. Furthermore, combined expression analyses of miR15b and miR-21 distinguished between patients with and without glioma (90% sensitivity and 100% specificity). In addition, a decrement in the expression levels of miR-16 characterized glioblastomas compared to low grade and anaplastic gliomas. In conclusion, this pilot study suggest that it's possible to identify the disease state by meaning miR-15b and miR-21 markers in blood, while miR-16 can be used to distinguish glioblastoma from other grade gliomas. They can potentially be used as biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of gliomas; further studies are mandatory to confirm our preliminary findings.
Wound Closure in Eucalyptus (1987)

Abstract A two-year study was conducted to evaluate seasonal differences in the rate of wound closure in Eucalyptus camaldulensis . Wound closure was measured 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after wounding. Wounds made in spring closed most rapidly. Slowest closure was recorded for wounds made during late fall and early winter.
Structural changes at microtubule ends accompanying GTP hydrolysis: Information from a slowly hydrolyzable analogue of GTP, guanylyl (α,β)methylenediphosphonate (1998)

Microtubules are dynamic polymers that interconvert between periods of slow growth and fast shrinkage. The energy driving this nonequilibrium behavior comes from the hydrolysis of GTP, which is required to destabilize the microtubule lattice. To understand the mechanism of this destabilization, cryo-electron microscopy was used to compare the structure of the ends of shrinking microtubules assembled in the presence of either GTP or the slowly hydrolyzable analogue guanylyl (alpha,beta)methylenediphosphonate (GMPCPP). Depolymerization was induced by cold or addition of calcium. With either nucleotide, we have observed curled oligomers at the ends of shrinking microtubules. However, GDP oligomers were consistently more curved than GMPCPP oligomers. This difference in curvature between depolymerizing GDP and GMPCPP protofilaments suggests that GTP hydrolysis is accompanied by an increase in curvature of the protofilaments, thereby destabilizing the lateral interactions between tubulin subunits in the microtubule lattice.
An 80/20-MHz 160-mW multimedia processor integrated with embedded DRAM, MPEG-4 accelerator and 3-D rendering engine for mobile applications (2001)

A low-power multimedia processor for mobile applications is presented. An 80-MHz 32-b RISC with enhanced multiplier, two 20-MHz hardware accelerators with 7.125-Mb embedded DRAM for MPEG-4 visual SP@L1 decoding and 3-D graphics processing, 2-kB dual-port SRAM, and peripheral blocks are integrated together on a single chip, MPEG-4 SP@L1 video decoding and 3-D graphics rendering with a 16-b depth-buffer alpha-blending double-buffering and gouraud-shading features at 2, 2-Mpolygons/s speed are realized with the help of the dedicated hardware accelerators/ The architecture of the processor is optimized in terms of power consumption and performance, and various low-power circuit techniques are adopted in each hardware block. The chip is implemented using 0.18-/spl mu/m embedded memory logic (EML) technology. Its area is 84 mm/sup 2/, and power consumption is 160 mW when all of the functions are activated.
298. The mesomorphic transition temperatures of 3′-substituted 4′-n-octyloxydiphenyl-4-carboxylic acids (1959)

G. W. Gray and B. M. Worrall, J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 1545 DOI: 10.1039/JR9590001545
<sup>18</sup>O Labeling Method for Identification and Quantification of Succinimide in Proteins (2007)

We have developed a new method for identification and quantification of succinimide in proteins. The method utilizes 18O water to monitor succinimide hydrolysis. 18O-labeled isoaspartic acid and aspartic acid peptides were produced by hydrolysis of a succinimide-containing protein in 18O water (H218O) followed by tryptic digestion in regular water (H216O). The peptides that had 18O incorporated were 2 Da heavier than their 16O native counterparts. The mass difference was detected and quantified by electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The amount of 18O incorporation into the isoaspartic acid- and aspartic acid-containing peptides was used to quantify the amount of succinimide present in the native sample. The method was applied to analyze a degraded recombinant monoclonal antibody, which exhibited the accumulation of succinimide after storage in mildly acidic buffers at elevated temperatures for a few weeks. We unambiguously identified amino acid residue 30 located in the antibody light chain as the site of aspartic acid isomerization. At this site, there were 20% isoaspartic acid and 80% aspartic acid detected by peptide mapping in the degraded sample (8 weeks, 45 degrees C, pH 5.0). Hydrolysis in 18O water showed that 80% of the isoaspartic acid and 6% of the aspartic acid had 18O incorporated. The only explanation of 18O incorporation was the presence of succinimide in the sample. Together, a total of 21% (0.8x20% isoaspartic acid+0.06x80% aspartic acid) of aspartic acid residue 30 was found to be present in the form of succinimide in this degraded sample. As a control, the same sample, analyzed using regular 16O water did not show any incorporation of 18O water. By monitoring the amount of 18O-labeled isoaspartic acid and aspartic acid over time under both denaturing and native conditions at pH 8.2, we found that, at denaturing conditions, succinimide at light chain residue 30 hydrolyzed very rapidly (in less than 5 s), but slower (succinimide half-life of approximately 6 h) under native conditions. We also found that, under denaturing conditions, succinimide hydrolyzed at an isoaspartic acid/aspartic acid ratio of 3.5:1, but hydrolyzed almost exclusively to aspartic acid under native conditions. This finding indicates that protein structure plays an important role in the kinetics of succinimide hydrolysis as well as in the generation of the hydrolysis products isoaspartic acid and aspartic acid.
EXPLOITING SPARSENESS OF COMMUNICATION PATTERN S FOR THE DESIGN OF NETWORKS IN MASSIVELY PARAL LEL SUPERCOMPUTERS (2006)

A limited set of Processing Element (PE) pairs in a parallel computer cover the internal communications of scalable parallel programs. We take advantage of this property using the concept of Sparse Flat Neighborhood Networks (Sparse FNNs). Sparse FNNs are network designs that provide single-switch latency and full wire bandwidth for each specified PE pair, despite using relatively few network interfaces per PE and switches that have far fewer ports than there are PEs. This dissertation discusses the design problem, runtime support, and working prototype (KASY0) for Sparse FNNs. KASY0 not only demonstrated the claimed properties, but also set world records for its price/performance and performance on a specific application. Parallel supercomputers execute many portions of an application simultaneously. For scalable programs, the more PEs the system has, the greater the potential speedup. Portions executing on different PEs may be able to work independently for short periods, but the performance desired might not be achieved due to delays in communication between PEs. The set of PE pairs that will communicate often is both predictable and small relative to the number of possible PE pairings. This sparseness property can be exploited in the design and implementation of networks for massively parallel supercomputers. The spareseness
A “No-wash” Albumin-Dextran Dilution Strategy for Cord Blood Unit Thaw: High Rate of Engraftment and a Low Incidence of Serious Infusion Reactions (2009)

Preparation of cord blood (CB) units for infusion by albumin-dextran dilution without centrifugation may be advantageous for adult patients to minimize cell loss and, unlike a bedside thaw, is still conducted in the controlled laboratory environment. Therefore, we studied CB transplantation (CBT) using this technique in 54 consecutive CBT recipients >20 kg. Patients (median age=42 years [range: 7-66 years]; median weight=71 kg [range: 24-109]) were transplanted for high-risk hematologic malignancies with myeloablative (n=35) or nonmyeloablative (n=19) conditioning and 4-6/6 human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched double-unit grafts. One hundred seven units were thawed with dilution, whereas 1 red blood cell (RBC)-replete unit was washed. A 5:1 dextran 40%/25% albumin solution was used. RBC-depleted units (n=104) were diluted >or=5.5-fold (median final volume 200 mL [range: 200-500]), whereas RBC-replete units (n=3) were diluted >or=4-fold (median final volume 400 mL [range: 400-535]). Total nucleated cell (TNC) recovery was 86%; the median infused TNC dose was 2.17x10(7)/kg/unit. Although 35 patients (65%) had a total of 45 infusion reactions (6 nausea, 31 hypertension, 3 pain, 1 rigors/fever, 2 transient hypoxia, 2 renal impairment) requiring additional therapy, there were no infusion-related serious adverse events, and reactions were not related to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) dose/kg. Cumulative incidence of sustained donor engraftment was 94% (95% cumulative incidence [CI]: 87-100) with neutrophil recovery occurring at a median of 25 days (range: 13-43) in myeloablative and 10 days (range: 7-36) in nonmyeloablative recipients. CB thaw with albumin-dextran dilution reduces unit manipulation, and minimizes cell loss, speeds time to infusion, is associated with a tolerable infusion reaction profile, and a high rate of sustained engraftment in CBT recipients >or=20 kg.