gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Agbiz column: ANC policy discussion document for NGC : perspectives on agriculture and the agro-food system : : agribusiness update (2015)

In the week that Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) released the 2015 second quarter gross domestic product (GDP) figures, indicating that the economy as a whole had contracted by 1,3%, and agriculture by a whopping 17,4%, the ANC released a policy discussion document for its 2015 National General Council (NGC). This document correctly asserts the necessity to assess the 'balance of forces', both domestic and global, and consequently the role the ANC can play in effecting its much-stated 'national democratic revolution' and 'radical economic transformation' within its sphere of influence. Rural development, agriculture and land reform are central to this policy discussion.
Immunogenicity of <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> Glycolipids: A Novel Approach to the Production of Antisera to Membrane Lipids (1970)

The glycolipid haptens of Mycoplasma pneumoniae were bound to membrane proteins of acholeplasma laidlawii (formerly Mycoplasma laidlawii) by reaggregation. This process consisted of the solubilization of lipid-depleted A. laidlawii membranes and M. pneumoniae glycolipids in 20 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, and dialysis of the mixed solutions against 20 mM Mg(2+). The hybrid reaggregate, collected by centrifugation, was highly immunogenic in rabbits, eliciting the production of a high titer of antibodies that fixed complement with the purified glycolipids and inhibited the metabolism of M. pneumoniae cells. The free glycolipids, or their mixture with A. laidlawii proteins, were much less effective in stimulating these antibodies. The antibodies to the hybrid reaggregate agglutinated M. pneumoniae cells and inhibited their ability to absorb erythrocytes, which indicates that at least some of the serologically-active glycolipids are exposed at the outer membrane surface. The ability to bind selected membrane lipids to membrane proteins of a serologically unrelated species provides a new tool for producing antibodies to lipid haptens.
Monocyte adherence to human vascular endothelium (1993)

An acute inflammatory response requires that circulating monocytes bind to and migrate across the endothelium of the vessel wall to gain access to inflamed sites. Various mediators of inflammation--cytokines and chemoattractants--have been shown to initiate and regulate the margination and extravasation of monocytes. This review summarizes evidence that the mechanism underlying the initial adhesion of monocytes to normal and cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells and their subsequent transendothelial migration are successive events in monocyte-endothelial cell interaction. Special emphasis is given to the current knowledge of the contribution of adhesion molecules belonging to the family of beta 1- and beta 2-integrins, the immunoglobulin supergene family, and the selectins to such cellular interaction. The sequence of events that allow monocytes to attach to, migrate over and finally pass the endothelium is discussed in detail.
[Affinity chromatography of proteases using peptide methyl ketones as ligands]. (1990)

Peptide methyl ketones acting as reversible inhibitors of serine and cysteine proteases were introduced as a new type of ligands in the affinity chromatography. Subtilisins and related serine proteases with an inhibition constant to the soluble inhibitor Z-Ala2-PheCH3 of less or equal than 3 x 10(-5) M are nearly completely adsorbed by the affinity gel Sepharose 4B-epsilon-aminocaproic acid-Ala2-PheCH3. The well-known cysteine protease papain binds also to this gel. The elution of the enzymes could be performed by means of iso-propanol. Thermitase purified with this method is, regarding to its quality, comparable with enzyme preparations using isoelectric focusing and adsorption at porous glass bodies, respectively.
Polymeric Liquids & Networks (2003)

Polymeric Liquids and Networks: Structure and Properties is the first book of two by William W. Graessley that presents a unified view of flexible-chain polymer liquids and networks. The topics of both volumes range from equilibrium properties to dynamic response, finite deformation behavior and non-Newtonian flow. The second book will be titled Polymeric Liquids and Networks: Dynamics and Rheology. These various aspects of the field were developed over the past 70 years by researchers from many academic disciplines. The infusion of fresh viewpoints continually invigorated and enriched the field, making polymeric liquids and networks a truly interdisciplinary subject. The lack of a common terminology and perspective, however, has led to compartmentalization, making it difficult for a newcomer, even one technically trained, to gain a broad appreciation of the field and to see the relationships among its various parts. The aim of these two books, without diluting the substance, is to achieve a desired unity.Polymeric Liquids and Networks emphasizes fundamental principles and a molecular viewpoint. The conceptual basis of theories underlying each topical area is explained with derivations sometimes outlined briefly and sometimes given in detail. Technical terminology is kept to a minimum necessary for coherent presentation. The goal of the text is to provide an informed understanding rather than detailed technical proficiency. Theory, experiment, and simulation are woven together as appropriate for achieving a balanced view. The books are designed to serve academic and industrial needs, consolidating the understanding of topics with both practical and fundamental significance, and written from a technical but non-specialized perspective.The books deal mainly with non-polar and weakly polar species and largely with results derived from experiments on structurally well-defined systems. The objective is not to ignore
Avoidance responses to low frequency sound in downstream migrating Atlantic salmon smolt, <i>Salmo salar</i> (1994)

The possibility of using intense sound as an acoustic barrier for downstream migrating smolt of the Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) was studied by observing, the reactions of smolt to 10 and 150 Hz sounds in a small river. At the observation site the river branched into a main course and a minor channel, the latter rejoining the main stream after 30 m. The sound sources were positioned at the lower end of the channel. The number of smolt re‐entering the mam stream at the lower end of the channel was recorded during alternating periods with and without sound. Intense 150 Hz sound had no observable effects on the smolt, even at intensities 114 dB above the hearing threshold at this frequency. At intensities above 1.0. 10 −2 ms −2 the 10 Hz sound was an effective deterrent for the smolt, which turned and left the channel at the upstream branching point.
"In-situ" Observation of Collision, Agglomeration and Cluster Formation of Alumina Inclusion Particles on Steel Melts. (1997)

A long-range strong attraction between alumina and alumina-rich solid inclusion particles, and detailed sequence of the collision, agglomeration and formation of alumina clusters have been observed first time "in-situ" on molten steel surface by using a confocal scanning laser microscope combined with an infrared image furnace. This attraction force has been found to be over 10-16N, reach over 10 μm for alumina particles larger than 3 μm, and play an important role to promote collision between the particles to form intermediate aggregates, the same between the intermediate aggregates to form loose alumina clusters, and to densify the loose clusters into compact ones. The origin of this long-range strong attraction has been examined to be caused by capillary effect around alumina particles on molten steel surface. Interfacial phenomena at three-phase interface of inert gas-alumina-molten steel is also discussed. In industrial practice, the capillary attraction between the fine alumina inclusions can improve the collision, agglomeration and cluster formation at gas bubble/liquid steel interface when gas injection/bubbling is utilized for refining steels.
Preparation of 2-Nitro-1-alkenes from Nitro Amines<sup>1</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of 2-Nitro-1-alkenes from Nitro Amines1A. T. Blomquist and T. H. Shelley Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 1, 147–149Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01181a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01181a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis by synthesis of acoustic correlates of British, Australian and American accents (2004)

This paper presents analysis through synthesis of the acoustic correlates of British, Australian and American accents by transforming the correlates individually across the accents. The acoustic correlates of accents are grouped into three main categories: (a) the spectral features at formants, (b) the pitch intonation pattern and (c) duration. The modeling and transformation methods for each group of voice features are outlined. The spectral features at formants are modeled using two-dimensional (2D) phoneme-dependent HMM. Subband frequency warping is used for spectrum transformation where the subbands are centred on estimates of the formant trajectories. The F0 contour is used for modeling the pitch and intonation patterns of speech. A method based on the time domain pitch synchronous overlap and add algorithm (TD-PSOLA) is used for transformation of pitch intonation and duration pattern. Perceptual tests based on mean opinion score (MOS) are conducted to rank the main features of accents. Formants are regarded as the most important features of accents, followed by intonation pattern and duration.
Development and Testing of a Nanotech Nuclear Battery for Powering MEMS Devices (2011)

The paper describes a micronuclear battery that utilizes the conversion of beta particles into photons and back into electrons through a photoelectric cell to potentially deliver a nuclear battery of higher efficiency than other nuclear battery concepts and with much greater energy per gram and lifetime than chemical batteries. The Monte Carlo nuclear code MCNP has been used to analyze the performance of the proposed battery, and the photoelectric stage has been shown to be insensitive to the expected radiation for at least 1 yr of performance.
Protective Activities of Stilbene Glycosides from <i>Acer mono</i> Leaves against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced Oxidative Damage in Primary Cultured Rat Hepatocytes (2005)

In our previous study, we isolated two new hepatoprotective stilbene glycosides, 5-O-methyl-(E)-resveratrol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MRA) and 5-O-methyl-(E)-resveratrol 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MRAG), from the methanolic extract of Acer mono leaves. Thereby, we have attempted to elucidate the hepatoprotective mechanism of these compounds, focusing on antioxidative effects, using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-injured primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Both MRA and MRAG showed potent hepatoprotective activities in pretreatment but showed little effects in posttreatment. In addition, they increased the glutathione (GSH) level in the normal control cultures and significantly prevented the depletion of GSH in H2O2-injured primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Moreover, these compounds significantly restored the level of GSH depleted by buthionine sulfoximine or diethylmaleate in the presence or absence of H2O2. Furthermore, these compounds preserved the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase reduced by H2O2 insults. Meanwhile, MRA and MRAG showed moderate scavenging effects with IC50 values of 103.6 and 80.5 microM, respectively, as determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity. Taken together, these results suggest that MRG and MRAG exert significant hepatoprotective activities against H2O2-induced hepatotoxicity by maintaining the antioxidative defense system rather than scavenging free radicals.
Visual and Haptic Size Perception of Stimulus Length, Area, and Volume (2011)

Visual and haptic size perception of length (1D), area (2D), and volume (3D) was investigated with the magnitude estimation method. In the visual condition, subjects viewed lines, outlined circles or shaded spheres presented on LCD monitor, and assigned numbers to the perceived length, area or volume of the stimuli. In the haptic condition, subjects grasped rectilinear, cylindrical or spherical blocks which were occluded from subjects' view and assigned numbers. For both conditions, the data were well described by power functions of length, area or volume of the stimuli, and exponents of the power functions became smaller with increasing dimensionality. For the visual (but not haptic) condition, when the data were described by power functions of length (for 1D) or diameter (for 2D and 3D), exponents were approximately constant at around1.0. This suggests that the determinant of the visual size perception for 2D and 3D stimuli may be length rather than area or volume. The critical role of 1D cue for the visual size perception may cause elongation bias, as termed by Holmberg (1975).
Fast global registration of 3D sampled surfaces using a multi-z-buffer technique (2002)

We present a new method for the global registration of several overlapping 3D surfaces sampled on an object. The method is based on the ICP (iterative closest point) algorithm and on a segmentation of the sampled points in an optimized set of z-buffers. This multi-z-buffer technique provides a 3D space partitioning which greatly accelerates the search of the nearest neighbours in the establishment of the point-to-point correspondence between overlapping surfaces. Then a randomized iterative registration is processed on the surface set. We have tested an implementation of this technique on real sampled surfaces. It appears to be rapid accurate and robust, especially in the case of highly curved objects.
Laser-induced fluorescence detection for conventional and microcolumn liquid chromatography (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser-induced fluorescence detection for conventional and microcolumn liquid chromatographyStaffan. Folestad, Lars. Johnson, Bjoern. Josefsson, and Bo. GalleCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 6, 925–929Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00243a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00243a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Instrumentation And Man-Machine Interfaced Computing Control System For Sugar Refinery (1976)

This paper is concerned with the development of instrumentation and control system for a new sugar refinery. This plant adopts completely centralized control system and man-machine interfaced computing control. After short test running, the plant has been operated successfully by 7 operators per shift with the daily products of up to 800 tons.
Human Infections Due to<i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i>Subspecies<i>equisimilis</i> (2009)

Human streptococci that belong to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) have long been known under the name of beta-hemolytic groups C and G streptococci. Extensive taxonomic studies during the past years have distinguished most of the veterinary pathogens belonging to Lancefield groups C and G from those of human origin. After being considered nonpathogenic for many years, SDSE is now recognized as an important bacterial pathogen. The clinical spectrum of diseases caused by this species closely resembles Streptococcus pyogenes infections, including the occurrence of poststreptococcal sequelae. In accordance with these observations, many of the virulence factors present in S. pyogenes can also be found in SDSE strains. High nucleotide-sequence identities in virulence genes and the association of these genes with mobile genetic elements support the hypothesis of extensive horizontal gene-transfer events among streptococcal species of the pyogenic group. Recent epidemiological studies have shown increasing numbers of invasive SDSE infections, often among immunocompromised patients, and suggest that this species will probably gain even more clinical importance in the near future. For a better understanding of the changing epidemiology and pathogenicity of SDSE, an increased awareness of these microorganisms as human pathogens and proper identification are mandatory.
A generalized likelihood ratio test to identify differentially expressed genes from microarray data (2003)

The approach is implemented in software called GLR, which is freely available for downloading at http://www.cc.utah.edu/~jw27c60
On the design of algebraic space-time codes for MIMO block-fading channels (2003)

The availability of multiple transmit antennas allows for two-dimensional channel codes that exploit the spatial transmit diversity. These codes were referred to as space-time codes by Tarokh et al. (see ibid., vol.44, p.744-765, Mar. 1998) Most prior works on space-time code design have considered quasi-static fading channels. We extend our earlier work on algebraic space-time coding to block-fading channels. First, we present baseband design criteria for space-time codes in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) block-fading channels that encompass as special cases the quasi-static and fast fading design rules. The diversity advantage baseband criterion is then translated into binary rank criteria for phase shift keying (PSK) modulated codes. Based on these binary criteria, we construct algebraic space-time codes that exploit the spatial and temporal diversity available in MIMO block-fading channels. We also introduce the notion of universal space-time codes as a generalization of the smart-greedy design rule. As a part of this work, we establish another result that is important in its own right: we generalize the full diversity space-time code constructions for quasi-static channels to allow for higher rate codes at the expense of minimal reductions in the diversity advantage. Finally, we present simulation results that demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed codes.
Mapping Forest Types using Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing Methods (2008)

As climate change becomes more critical in the future, having access to accurate maps of forest types and conditions will allow climate modelers to more accurately predict the carbon sequestration capacity of forested landscapes. Remote sensing tools make mapping of forest type and conditions possible. The remote sensing team members of the Elizabeth City State University (ECSU) Undergraduate Research Experience (URE) program mapped the ECSU campus using both Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data (acquired 6/12/99) and aerial photographic data (acquired from NC OneMap, http://www.nconemap.com/). NC OneMap is a public resource for North Carolina geospatial data. Aerial photographic data was used to distinguish the different features indicated in the Landsat ETM+ image. Both remote sensing data sets were calibrated using a variety of field verification (ground truth) measurements acquired during summer 2006 session. This paper presents the final product, a land cover map of the campus, produced using unsupervised classification methods provided by MultiSpec. MultiSpec is data analysis and image processing software and was used to evaluate the ETM+ data. The ETM+ data provided multispectral data at 30 m spatial resolution, while the aerial photography provided hyperspatial data. The combination of the two sensors provided complimentary data allowing identification and mapping of dominant land cover types, including forest types, non-forest vegetation, and categories of development (parking lots, roadways, buildings, campus landmarks, etc.), not possible using either sensor separately. Mapping of the distribution of forest species assemblages (hardwoods, softwoods, and mixtures of the two) was also possible. Field methods included the identification of dominant forest species, forest canopy height, tree age, and relative state-of-health of selected tree species. Tree cores provided insight into changing growth patterns over the past century. The use of these remote sensing methods facilitated the production of accurate and up-to-date mapping of the ECSU campus not possible using other cartographic methods.
"Open door" operation to raise the vertebral arch in myelopathy due to cervical spondylosis. (1984)

The authors discuss the various operations used in the treatment of myelopathy caused by cervical spondylosis. Recently they have used the so-called "open door" operation, which raises the posterior vertebral arch, in place of laminectomy, hemilaminectomy and anterior interbody fusion. The "open door" operation is less radical, less traumatizing and safer, and ensures considerable enlargement of the vertebral canal. This enlargement can be clearly demonstrated by tomography as well as by the traditional radiological methods.
Residual Stress Determination Using Strain Gage Measurements (1990)

A strain gage technique, which relates the prior residual stress state in a material to the strain data obtained by fixing a strain gage on one surface and grinding off the other, has been proposed previously. In the current work, a generalized solution for obtaining an arbitray residual stress profile from strain gage data is presented. Numerical analysis using the solution indicates that the formulation is insensitive to random errors of 10% or less in the experimental data. Based on the results of the analysis, a procedure for determining stress profiles from strain gage data is outlined. Experimental data for tempered glass was analyzed using the technique proposed. The stress profiles predicted are in good agreement with independent observations using indentation and strength data.