gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TransNets (2017)

Recently, deep learning methods have been shown to improve the performance of recommender systems over traditional methods, especially when review text is available. For example, a recent model, DeepCoNN, uses neural nets to learn one latent representation for the text of all reviews written by a target user, and a second latent representation for the text of all reviews for a target item, and then combines these latent representations to obtain state-of-the-art performance on recommendation tasks. We show that (unsurprisingly) much of the predictive value of review text comes from reviews of the target user for the target item. We then introduce a way in which this information can be used in recommendation, even when the target user's review for the target item is not available. Our model, called TransNets, extends the DeepCoNN model by introducing an additional latent layer representing the target user-target item pair. We then regularize this layer, at training time, to be similar to another latent representation of the target user's review of the target item. We show that TransNets and extensions of it improve substantially over the previous state-of-the-art.
Measurements of the backscatter matrix of dielectric spheroids (1978)

Measurements at 2.86 GHz of the backscatter matrix of 57 spheroidal samples at all aspect angles in the low-resonance region are presented. Sample size ranges up to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ka = 3.4</tex> , and axial ratios of 0.5, 0.6, and 0.8 have been used. Dielectric constants include 2.6, 3.3, and 6.5. The presentation is in terms of circular polarization, but the results are readily convertible to linear (or any other) polarization.
0607 Efficiency Improvement of Centrifugal Compressor for Turbo Chiller (2010)

In the present study, for the efficiency improvement of the centrifugal compressor for the turbo chiller in the part load region, the flow control device that had variable vane in the middle steps of the centrifugal compressor for the turbo chiller was developed. It was confirmed from the numerical simulation and experiment that the stall of the second stage impeller was suppressed and that higher efficiency was obtained in the part load region.
Control Modeling of a Single-Phase Inverter based on State-Space Average Method (2004)

The essence and the approaches of the state-space average method (SSAM) are described. A linear time in-variant (LTI), load interference independent (LII) control model of a single-phase inverter is derived based on the SSAM. To verify the accuracy of the SSAM,an experiment on a single-phase full-bridge inverter was carried out. Experimental re-sults show that the accuracy and the availability of the derived model are satisfactory. The transient and steady responses of the SSAM model simulations coincide with those of experiment of a single-phase, open-loop controlled inverter.
δ‐Lactones by Carbonylation of Vinyloxiranes (1977)

1,3-Dienes can be conveniently transformed into δ-lactones (2) and (3) in two steps: the diene is epoxidized to (1), which is carbonylated in the presence of transition metals. The overall reaction corresponds formally to addition of CO2, for which no direct method is available.
Specific immune milk production of cows implanted with antigen-release devices (2008)

A new antigen-release device (ARD) that can be implanted to enhance the titer of specific IgG and concentration of total IgG in milk of lactating cows was evaluated. An immunostimulating complex-based vaccine in the core of the ARD was made from the adjuvant Quil A and type XIII lipase from Pseudomonas spp. with a polylactide acid capsule that was used to control antigen release. Forty lactating Holstein dairy cows were divided into 2 groups (n = 20). All cows in the test group were implanted in the right iliac lymph node with 3 types of ARD at the same time, which were designed to release antigens on different days. The other group was used as a control with no implantation. The 3 ARD were designed to release the antigen on d 0, 14, and 28 after implantation. Specific IgG titers in whey and serum were measured by indirect ELISA, and total IgG concentrations were measured using sandwich ELISA. The results indicated that ARD implantation brought no negative effects on the health status, production performance of cows, and caused neither subclinical nor acute mastitis. The levels of specific IgG in serum (200,000 +/- 45,000 vs. 1,200 +/- 360) and whey (41,000 +/- 6,000 vs. 820 +/- 210) increased in the cows implanted with ARD. Specific IgG in whey was increased after 9 d. The dynamics of specific IgG titer demonstrated a pattern with the release of the antigen from 3 types of ARD. The average ELISA titer of test group in whey was 41,000 +/- 6,000, which suggested high efficiency of immune milk production caused by the ARD implantation. For total IgG in milk, greater concentration in the test compared with the control cows occurred from 11 to 20 d following implantation. The IgG mass was consistent with the dynamics of specific IgG titer and was higher from 15 to 30 d between test and control group (7.89 +/- 1.34 vs. 6.48 +/- 1.17 g). In conclusion, ARD implantation was effective in improving specific antibody concentration in serum and whey. Furthermore, the whey:serum ratio of specific IgG titer, the milk:serum ratio of total IgG concentration and total IgG mass in milk suggested that a transiently upregulated IgG transfer occurred after ARD implantation.
Single Molecular Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for Hydrogen-Bonding Recognition and Colorimetric Detection of Dopamine with High Sensitivity and Selectivity (2013)

In this work, we developed a low-cost, facile, sensitive, and selective colorimetric method for the quantitative determination of dopamine, based on 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazol (AHMT) functionalized gold nanoparticles (AHMP-AuNPs) as a model probe. Dopamine could induce the aggregation of the AHMT-AuNPs through hydrogen-bonding interactions, which caused the colloidal solution changed from red to blue. And the color change was in situ monitored for the quantitative determination of dopamine in human serum and urine samples. The developed approach is simple, without using complex financial instruments and adding other metal salts or ions for improving sensitivity.
Electrochemistry of the Redox-Active Langmuir–Blodgett Films Coated on Glassy Carbon Electrodes (1986)

Abstract In order to study the electrochemical behavior of a redox species in the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) film on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode, three kinds of amphiphilic redox compounds, each carrying an anthraquinone, a viologen, and a ferrocene moiety, were confined on the electrode surfaces. Prior to the deposition of the film on the electrode, surface pressure–area isotherms for a number of mixed films of the redox-active amphiphiles and arachidic acid were recorded and the stability of the monolayers was discussed. Finally, the cyclic voltammetric behavior of the LB film-modified electrodes was discussed in terms of the changes in the structure and the nature of the LB film caused by the redox reactions.
Controlling the Actuation Rate of Low‐Density Shape‐Memory Polymer Foams in Water (2012)

SMPs have been shown to actuate below their dry glass transition temperatures in the presence of moisture due to plasticization. This behavior has been proposed as a self-actuating mechanism of SMPs in water/physiological media. However, control over the SMP actuation rate, a critical factor for in vivo transcatheter device delivery applications, has not been previously reported. Here, a series of polyurethane SMPs with systematically varied hydrophobicity is described that permits control of the time for their complete shape recovery in water from under 2 min to more than 24 h. This control over the SMP actuation rate can potentially provide significant improvement in their delivery under conditions, which may expose them to high-moisture environments prior to actuation.
Cleavage of pyridyl methyl ethers and reactions of 3-halopyridines with sodium methoxide (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCleavage of pyridyl methyl ethers and reactions of 3-halopyridines with sodium methoxideJohn A. Zoltewicz and A. A. SaleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 10, 3462–3467Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00835a062https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00835a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views607Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nematode-Induced Morphogenesis in the Predacious Fungus Arthrobotrys Oligospora (1977)

Living nematodes induced trap formation in Arthrobotrys oligospora more rapidly than did additions of morphogenetic peptides. In nematode-induced morphogenesis, excreted substances as peptides and amino acids were only partly responsible for the effect. Additional effects were due to volatile substances from nematodes or to direct contact between living nematodes and the hyphae. Ammonia was shown by gas chromatography to be excreted in nematode suspensions in amounts that could affect trap formation. It is proposed that living nematodes act primarily through another mechanism than peptide-induced morphogenesis.
Genetic Variants in the DRD2 Gene Moderate the Relationship Between Stressful Life Events and Depressive Symptoms in Adults: Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (2007)

DRD2 polymorphism moderates the effect of stressful life events on depressive symptoms and those who carry A2/A2 DRD2 genotypes may be more vulnerable than others.
Dye‐Sensitizer Effects on a Pt/KTa(Zr)O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst for the Photocatalytic Splitting of Water (2006)

Back to the elements: The activity of Pt/K0.95Ta0.92Zr0.08O3 for the photocatalytic splitting of water into H2 and O2 is greatly improved by dye sensitization (see picture). Among the organic dyes examined, the highest photocatalytic activity is obtained with cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) as a sensitizer.
Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Nonenhanced Volumetric CT for Follow-up (2009)

Serial volumetric analysis of aortic aneurysm with nonenhanced CT serves as an adequate screening test for endoleak, causing volumetric increase of more than 2% from the volume seen at the previous examination.
Modeling framework for the evaluation of alternative truck lane management strategies (2010)

This paper develops and validates a modeling framework for the evaluation of alternative truck lane management strategies. The framework is used to evaluate alternative truck lane management strategies along a section of Interstate 81, VA. The average light-duty and heavy-duty vehicle speeds produced by the simulation model were found to be consistent with field observations for the base condition. Three scenarios were considered, including: (a) adding a single lane to section 2 (from mileposts 125.0 to 120.7); (b) adding a single lane across sections 1 (from mileposts 128.1 to 125.0), 2, and 3 (from milepost 120.7 to 119.6); (c) combining (a) and (b) to result in four lanes from mileposts 128.1 to 119.6. The results of the analysis indicate that all three scenarios produce savings in travel time; energy; HC, CO, and CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions; and crash savings relative to the base do-nothing scenario. These benefits increase as the travel demand grows from the base year of 2004 to the horizon year of 2035. A benefit-cost analysis was conducted, and the results demonstrate that the most cost-effective upgrade is to add a third lane to section 2 (benefit-cost ratio of 5.35) followed by the addition of a single lane to sections 1 through 3 (benefit-cost ratio of 2.30). The addition of a fourth lane to section 2, together with an extra lane in sections 1 through 3, still offers advantages with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.60.
An X-ray diffraction study of NaF (1977)

NaF gives rise to very weak odd-index reflexions in X-ray diffraction. These reflexions have been studied to determine the best models for electron distribution in the NaF crystal. Data were obtained from a single crystal at room temperature for Ag Kα, Mo Kα, Cu Kα and Co Kα radiations. Least-squares analyses were made on the Ag Kα and Mo Kα data. Scattering factors for Hartree-Fock singly charged free ions allowed a good fit to the data, and there was a marginal improvement of the fit with similar scattering factors modified for effects of crystalline environment. The mean thermal parameter for the ions was {\bar B} = 0.905 ± 0.025 Å2. An attempt to account for the wavelength dependence of intensities of the strong reflexions, with current theories of extinction, was unsuccessful.
Submicrometer-resolution three-dimensional imaging with hard x-ray imaging microtomography (2002)

An x-ray microtomography method combined with hard x-ray imaging microscopy was developed that has a potential spatial resolution of the order of 10–100 nm. The system consists of a high-brilliance undulator source of SPring-8, a beam diffuser plate to reduce the coherence of the illumination, a high-precision rotating sample stage, a Fresnel zone plate objective, and a high-resolution x-ray imaging detector. The three-dimensional images of several samples were observed and successfully reconstructed with a pitch pattern of 0.6 μm.
Asset-management decision-support modeling, using a health and risk model (2015)

This paper discusses a decision-support model for asset managers to prioritise assets requiring additional maintenance or replacement, by estimating asset remaining-lifetime and failure impact. The asset health and risk model (AHRM) being the heart of this model is based on dedicated asset-condition assessment functions in combination with usage-based condition estimations and a statistical approach using Monte Carlo simulations. This results in a health index colour code with two dimensions. The colour itself gives an indication of expected remnant life or additional maintenance requirements and the colour intensity gives an indication of the assessment reliability, thereby providing a clear and easily readable dashboard for the asset manager. A risk-based approach is used for further decision support. For each asset a risk-impact categorization is provided and plotted in a risk matrix, enabling risk prioritization on both probability and impact. The paper describes the methods behind the model.
Mechanisms for coping with unfair ratings and discriminatory behavior in online reputation reporting systems (2000)

Reputation reporting systems have emerged as an important risk management mechanism in online trading communities. However, the predictive value of these systems can be compromised in situations where conspiring buyers intentionally give unfair ratings to sellers or where sellers discriminate on the quality of service they provide to different buyers. This paper proposes a set of mechanisms that eliminate or significantly reduce the negative effects of such fraudulent behavior. The proposed mechanisms can be easily integrated into existing online reputation systems in order to safeguard their reliability in the presence of deceitful buyers and sellers.
Drug Labeling and Risk Perceptions of Teratogenicity: A Survey of Pregnant Canadian Women and Their Health Professionals (2000)

There is a general perception that medicinal drugs are not safe in pregnancy despite the fact that fewer than 30 drugs have been shown to cause major malformations in humans. A large number of women need medications in pregnancy to treat pregnancy-induced conditions, acute illnesses, and chronic diseases. The objectives of this study were the following: (1) to characterize the perception of teratogenic risk by pregnant women and their partners and by health professionals and (2) to examine the most reassuring way to present data on a drug for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy that has been proven to be safe to the fetus. A convenience sample of pregnant Canadian women and their partners, pharmacists, nurses, physicians, and hospital workers were asked to choose the "safest" among four drugs by statements describing their safety. Although the text of all four was similar, the title and narrative were modified to be more or less "reassuring" by the use of more or less terms such as malformations and abnormalities. Health professionals rated the teratogenic risk significantly lower than the parents, but even they rated the drugs as not safe, despite a scientifically reassuring text. Sixty percent of the 240 participants, regardless of their perception of teratogenic risk, believed the four drugs were of similar risks. However, in the other 40%, the less "reassuring" text led to higher teratogenic perception, and the more reassuring options tended to decrease the false perception of teratogenic risk. It was concluded that in general, four different versions of reassuring text describing a scientifically proven safe drug in pregnancy did not lead expecting parents to believe they were safe. Among those who did not rank the four drugs as having equal safety/risk, the less "reassuring" text led to a higher perception of teratogenic risk. Even health professionals reading the labels describing safe drugs rated them as unsafe. Presently, the perception of teratogenic risk is strong even for safe drugs and is difficult to change even with evidence-based facts.
The roles of three functional sulphate transporters involved in uptake and translocation of sulphate in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2000)

To investigate the uptake and long-distance translocation of sulphate in plants, we have characterized three cell-type-specific sulphate transporters, Sultr1;1, Sultr2;1 and Sultr2;2 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Heterologous expression in the yeast sulphate transporter mutant indicated that Sultr1;1 encodes a high-affinity sulphate transporter (Km for sulphate 3.6 +/- 0.6 microM), whereas Sultr2;1 and Sultr2;2 encode low-affinity sulphate transporters (Km for sulphate 0.41 +/- 0.07 mM and >/= 1.2 mM, respectively). In Arabidopsis plants expressing the fusion gene construct of the Sultr1;1 promoter and green fluorescent protein (GFP), GFP was localized in the lateral root cap, root hairs, epidermis and cortex of roots. beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expressed with the Sultr2;1 promoter was specifically accumulated in the xylem parenchyma cells of roots and leaves, and in the root pericycles and leaf phloem. Expression of the Sultr2;2 promoter-GFP fusion gene showed specific localization of GFP in the root phloem and leaf vascular bundle sheath cells. Plants continuously grown with low sulphate concentrations accumulated high levels of Sultr1;1 and Sultr2;1 mRNA in roots and Sultr2;2 mRNA in leaves. The abundance of Sultr1;1 and Sultr2;1 mRNA was increased remarkably in roots by short-term stress caused by withdrawal of sulphate. Addition of selenate in the sulphate-sufficient medium increased the sulphate uptake capacity, tissue sulphate content and the abundance of Sultr1;1 and Sultr2;1 mRNA in roots. Concomitant decrease of the tissue thiol content after selenate treatment was consistent with the suggested role of glutathione (GSH) as a repressive effector for the expression of sulphate transporter genes.
Frontiers of organosilicon chemistry (1991)

Part 1 Silicon-based polymeric materials: the wonderful world of silicon on unsaturated carbon from gas phase rearrangemetns to ceramic fibers, Thomas J.Barton silicon ceramics with a dash of boron, Kietmar Seyferth, et al organosilicon preceramic polymer technology, William H.Atwell, et al new convergent strategies for the synthesis of silicon carbide and carbide nitride precursors, J.P.Pillot, et al heterochain polysilahydrocarbons containing silicon-silicon bonds in the main chain, L.E.Gusel'nikov, Yu.P.Polyakov small polysilylalkane molecules - feedstock gases for chemical vapour deposition of silicon and silicon alloys, H.Schmidbaur, et al synthesis and properties of some polysilaethers - polyoxymultisilylenes, J.Chojnowski, et al recycling - magic or tragic?, A.Stroh. Part 2 Mechanistic organosilicon chemistry gas phase and photochemical reactions: mechanisms of pyrolysis of some polysilanes, Iain M.T.Davidson, et al recent results in the chemistry of silylenes and germylenes, P.P.Gaspar, et al direct kinetic studies of silicon hydride radicals in the gas phase, Joseph M.Jasinski silylene and disilene addition reactions, Manfred Weidenbruch reactive intermediates and mechanistic aspects of organosilicon photoreactions, M.Kira, et al structure and reactivity of 7-Aila- and 7-germanorbornadienes as precursors of silylenes and germylenes, O.M.Nefedov and M.P.Egorov reactions of silane with some halogen and oxygen-containing organic compounds induced by infrared laser radiation, J.Pola reactions for functionalized silenes and cyclosilanes, Wataru Ando, Yoshio Kabe. Part 3 Mechanistic organosilicon chemistry gypervalent silicon, nucleophilic substitution and biotransformations: hypervalent species of silicon - structure and reactivity, R.J.P.Corriu hydrogen peroxide oxidation of the silicon-carbon bond - mechanistic studies, Kohei Tamao, et al nucleophilic substitution reactions of functional siloxanes, K.Ruhlmann, et al bioorganosilicon chemistry - recent results, R.Tacke, et al. Part 4 Structural organosilicon chemistry and new organosilicon compounds: the role of trimethylsilyl-substituted ligands in co-ordination chemistry bis (trimethylsilyl)-methylmetal complexes, Michael F.Lappert structure and reactivity - the role of bulky silyl groups, David W.H.Rankin sterically overloaded organosilicon compounds, N.Wiberg structure systematics of di-and oligosilanes, L.Parkanyi unusual low valent and multiply bonded silicon compounds from cyclopropenyl silanes, Mark J.Fink transition-metal complexes of reactive silicon intermediates, T.D.Tilley, et al decamethylsilicocene - synthesis, structure, and some chemistry, P.Jutzi.
Platinum decorated carbon nanotubes for highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensing (2007)

Fine platinum nanoparticles (1?5?nm in diameter) were deposited on functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) through a decoration technique. A novel type of enzymatic Pt/MWNTs paste-based mediated glucose sensor was fabricated. Electrochemical measurements revealed a significantly improved sensitivity (around 52.7??A?mM?1?cm?2) for glucose sensing without using any picoampere booster or Faraday cage. In addition, the calibration curve exhibited a good linearity in the range of 1?28?mM of glucose concentration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were performed to investigate the nanoscale structure and the chemical bonding information of the Pt/MWNTs paste-based sensing material, respectively. The improved sensitivity of this novel glucose sensor could be ascribed to its higher electroactive surface area, enhanced electron transfer, efficient enzyme immobilization, unique interaction in nanoscale and a synergistic effect on the current signal from possible multi-redox reactions.