gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New CMOS current-mode amplitude shift keying demodulator (ASKD) dedicated for implantable electronic devices (2004)

We propose in this paper a new CMOS integrated amplitude shift-keying (ASK) demodulator dedicated for implantable electronic device (IED) systems. ASK modulation is commonly used in the wireless data transmission systems of IEDs. The proposed ASK demodulator (ASKD) is used to extract digital data from two-level ASK modulated current signal. The ASKD allows to detect current levels with very small modulation depth which is defined as the difference between the two allowable ASK amplitude levels. The design is not complex and it is less sensitive to process variation. The circuit is implemented with 0.18 /spl mu/m, 1.8 V CMOS technology and currently it is under fabrication. Preliminary post-layout simulation results allow to prove the proposed concept for an input signal of 250 KHz at current amplitude varying between 4 and 4.5 /spl mu/A.
Innate-Like Control of Human iNKT Cell Autoreactivity via the Hypervariable CDR3β Loop (2010)

Invariant Natural Killer T cells (iNKT) are a versatile lymphocyte subset with important roles in both host defense and immunological tolerance. They express a highly conserved TCR which mediates recognition of the non-polymorphic, lipid-binding molecule CD1d. The structure of human iNKT TCRs is unique in that only one of the six complementarity determining region (CDR) loops, CDR3beta, is hypervariable. The role of this loop for iNKT biology has been controversial, and it is unresolved whether it contributes to iNKT TCR:CD1d binding or antigen selectivity. On the one hand, the CDR3beta loop is dispensable for iNKT TCR binding to CD1d molecules presenting the xenobiotic alpha-galactosylceramide ligand KRN7000, which elicits a strong functional response from mouse and human iNKT cells. However, a role for CDR3beta in the recognition of CD1d molecules presenting less potent ligands, such as self-lipids, is suggested by the clonal distribution of iNKT autoreactivity. We demonstrate that the human iNKT repertoire comprises subsets of greatly differing TCR affinity to CD1d, and that these differences relate to their autoreactive functions. These functionally different iNKT subsets segregate in their ability to bind CD1d-tetramers loaded with the partial agonist alpha-linked glycolipid antigen OCH and structurally different endogenous beta-glycosylceramides. Using surface plasmon resonance with recombinant iNKT TCRs and different ligand-CD1d complexes, we demonstrate that the CDR3beta sequence strongly impacts on the iNKT TCR affinity to CD1d, independent of the loaded CD1d ligand. Collectively our data reveal a crucial role for CDR3beta for the function of human iNKT cells by tuning the overall affinity of the iNKT TCR to CD1d. This mechanism is relatively independent of the bound CD1d ligand and thus forms the basis of an inherent, CDR3beta dependent functional hierarchy of human iNKT cells.
Listeria fleischmannii sp. nov., isolated from cheese (2012)

A study was performed on three isolates (LU2006-1(T), LU2006-2 and LU2006-3), which were sampled independently from cheese in western Switzerland in 2006, as well as a fourth isolate (A11-3426), which was detected in 2011, using a polyphasic approach. The isolates could all be assigned to the genus Listeria but not to any known species. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data were compatible with the genus Listeria and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that the closest relationships were with members of this genus. However, DNA-DNA hybridization demonstrated that the isolates did not belong to any currently described species. Cell-wall-binding domains of Listeria monocytogenes bacteriophage endolysins were able to attach to the isolates, confirming their tight relatedness to the genus Listeria. Although PCR targeting the central portion of the flagellin gene flaA was positive, motility was not observed. The four isolates could not be discriminated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy or pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. This suggests that they represent a single species, which seems to be adapted to the environment in a cheese-ripening cellar as it was re-isolated from the same type of Swiss cheese after more than 5 years. Conjugation experiments demonstrated that the isolates harbour a transferable resistance to clindamycin. The isolates did not exhibit haemolysis or show any indication of human pathogenicity or virulence. The four isolates are affiliated with the genus Listeria but can be differentiated from all described members of the genus Listeria and therefore they merit being classified as representatives of a novel species, for which we propose the name Listeria fleischmannii sp. nov.; the type strain is LU2006-1(T) ( = DSM 24998(T) = LMG 26584(T)).
The Durability of Concretes Made with Blends of High-Alumina Cement and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (1995)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
The margrave tool for firewall analysis (2010)

Writing and maintaining firewall configurations can be challenging, even for experienced system administrators. Tools that uncover the consequences of configurations and edits to them can help sysadmins prevent subtle yet serious errors. Our tool, Margrave, offers powerful features for firewall analysis, including enumerating consequences of configuration edits, detecting overlaps and conflicts among rules, tracing firewall behavior to specific rules, and verification against security goals. Margrave differs from other firewall-analysis tools in supporting queries at multiple levels (rules, filters, firewalls, and networks of firewalls), comparing separate firewalls in a single query, supporting reflexive ACLs, and presenting exhaustive sets of concrete scenarios that embody queries. Margrave supports real-world firewall-configuration languages, decomposing them into multiple policies that capture different aspects of firewall functionality. We present evaluation on networking-forum posts and on an in-use enterprise firewall-configuration.
Theoretical modeling of boundary conditions in microfabricated beams (2002)

The authors report detailed modeling of step-up boundary conditions in surface micromachined beams and investigate their effects on the onset of buckling in doubly supported beams. Both cantilever and doubly supported beams are considered. Finite element analysis is used to accurately model the mechanical behavior of the step-up boundary conditions. An extended beam model which uses equivalent torsional and axial stiffnesses in conjunction with a simply supported boundary condition is developed to account for the finite stiffness of a step-up boundary condition. The finite element results are used to calculate the values of the equivalent stiffnesses of the extended beam model for practical geometries of step-up boundary conditions. The extended beam model is used to calculate buckling loads for doubly supported beams. Equivalent stiffness values for torsional and axial springs are for geometries of practical importance to microelectromechanical systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Port Control Protocol (PCP) (2013)

The Port Control Protocol allows an IPv6 or IPv4 host to control how incoming IPv6 or IPv4 packets are translated and forwarded by a Network Address Translator (NAT) or simple firewall, and also allows a host to optimize its outgoing NAT keepalive messages.
Moisture absorption characteristics of organosiloxane self-assembled monolayers (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMoisture absorption characteristics of organosiloxane self-assembled monolayersDavid L. Angst and Gary W. SimmonsCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 10, 2236–2242Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00058a043https://doi.org/10.1021/la00058a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2356Altmetric-Citations318LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Version of the Bundle Idea for Minimizing a Nonsmooth Function: Conceptual Idea, Convergence Analysis, Numerical Results (1992)

During recent years various proposals for the minimization of a nonsmooth functional have been made. Amongst these, the bundle concept turned out to be an especially fruitful idea. Based on this concept, a number of authors have developed codes that can successfully deal with nonsmooth problems. The aim of the paper is to show that, by adding some features of the trust region philosophy to the bundle concept, the end result is a distinguished member of the bundle family with a more stable behaviour than some other bundle versions. The reliability and efficiency of this code is demonstrated on the standard academic test examples and on some real-life problems.
Monitoring and Analysis of Respiratory Patterns Using Microwave Doppler Radar (2014)

Noncontact detection characteristic of Doppler radar provides an unobtrusive means of respiration detection and monitoring. This avoids additional preparations, such as physical sensor attachment or special clothing, which can be useful for certain healthcare applications. Furthermore, robustness of Doppler radar against environmental factors, such as light, ambient temperature, interference from other signals occupying the same bandwidth, fading effects, reduce environmental constraints and strengthens the possibility of employing Doppler radar in long-term respiration detection, and monitoring applications such as sleep studies. This paper presents an evaluation in the of use of microwave Doppler radar for capturing different dynamics of breathing patterns in addition to the respiration rate. Although finding the respiration rate is essential, identifying abnormal breathing patterns in real-time could be used to gain further insights into respiratory disorders and refine diagnostic procedures. Several known breathing disorders were professionally role played and captured in a real-time laboratory environment using a noncontact Doppler radar to evaluate the feasibility of this noncontact form of measurement in capturing breathing patterns under different conditions associated with certain breathing disorders. In addition to that, inhalation and exhalation flow patterns under different breathing scenarios were investigated to further support the feasibility of Doppler radar to accurately estimate the tidal volume. The results obtained for both experiments were compared with the gold standard measurement schemes, such as respiration belt and spirometry readings, yielding significant correlations with the Doppler radar-based information. In summary, Doppler radar is highlighted as an alternative approach not only for determining respiration rates, but also for identifying breathing patterns and tidal volumes as a preferred nonwearable alternative to the conventional contact sensing methods.
A Selective V1A Receptor Agonist, Selepressin, Is Superior to Arginine Vasopressin and to Norepinephrine in Ovine Septic Shock* (2015)

In this clinically relevant model, selepressin, a selective V(1A) receptor agonist, was superior to arginine vasopressin and to norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock, especially when administered early.
Strategies to Accelerate the Applicability of Gene Amplification Protocols for Pathogen Detection in Meat and Meat Products (1995)

Traditionally, microbiological testing of meat products has involved isolating microorganisms and performing specific biochemical, and in some cases serological, tests to confirm the presence or absence of suspected food-borne pathogens. Given the public attention meat products have received as sources of food-borne disease, there has been considerable interest in the application of rapid detection techniques that require hours rather than days for completion. Theoretically, rapid detection methods could reduce the time from the initial sampling to confirmation so that conclusive results would be available by the time to process the meat product. Both direct gene probe hybridization as well as gene amplification methods show promise as rapid detection techniques. At present, direct gene probe hybridization are being commercially utilized to confirm the presence of a suspected pathogen. A number of gene amplification protocols for detecting food-borne bacterial pathogens have been published. However, many of these studies have utilized spiked samples rather than naturally contaminated samples and many of them have involved extended template extraction/purification methodologies. There is still only a very limited amount of information on the efficacies of the various protocols in detecting bacterial pathogens, especially toxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., and Listeria spp., in naturally contaminated food samples. In order to develop gene amplification protocols that have relevance to the meat industry, there must be a concerted effort to utilize naturally contaminated samples in the development and evaluation of protocols, as well as to initiate multilaboratory round robin evaluations of select protocols. Availability of multilaboratory tested methodologies would provide a means to design pathogen detection strategies at the quality control level rather than an end product confirmatory response to an already documented outbreak.
Hierarchical Heterogeneity at the CeO<sub><i>x</i></sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> Interface: Electronic and Geometric Structural Influence on the Photocatalytic Activity of Oxide on Oxide Nanostructures (2015)

Mixed oxide interfaces are critical for delivering active components of demanding catalytic processes such as the photocatalytic splitting of water. We have studied CeOx–TiO2 catalysts with low ceria loadings of 1, 3, and 6 wt % that were prepared with wet impregnation methods to favor a strong interaction between CeOx and TiO2. In these materials the interfaces between CeOx–TiO2 have been sequentially loaded (1%, 3%, and 6%), with and without Pt (0.5 wt %). The structure and properties of the catalysts were characterized using several X-ray and electron based techniques including XRD, XPS, UPS, NEXAFS, UV–vis, and HR-STEM/STEM-EELS to unravel the local morphology, bulk structure, surface states, and electronic structure. The combination of all these techniques allows us to analyze in a systematic way the complete structural and electronic properties that prevail at the CeOx–TiO2 interface. Fluorite structured nanocrystallites of ceria on anatase-structured titania were identified by both XRD and NEXAFS. A sequential increase of the CeOx loading led to the formation of clusters, then plates, and finally nanoparticles in a hierarchical manner on the TiO2 support. The electronic structures of these catalysts indicate that the interaction between TiO2 and CeO2 is closely related to the local morphology of nanostructured CeO2. Ce3+ cations were detected at the surface of CeO2 and at the interface of the two oxides. In addition, the titania is perturbed by the interaction with ceria and also with Pt. The photocatalytic activity for the splitting of H2O using UV light was measured for these materials and correlated with our understanding of the electronic and structural properties. Optimal catalytic performance and photoresponse results were found for the 1 wt % CeOx–TiO2 catalyst where low dimensional geometry of the ceria provided ideal electronic and geometrical properties. The structural and electronic properties of the interface were critical for the photocatalytic performance of this mixed-oxide nanocatalyst system.
Culture of Salmonid Fishes (1991)

Salmonid life histories trout culture culture of Pacific salmon for stocking growout of Pacific salmon in net-pens culture and ranching of Atlantic salmon Coho salmon farming in Japan policy issues with respect to salmonid culture.
A Comparison of Simulated and Experimental Voltammograms Obtained for the [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-/4-</sup> Couple in the Absence of Added Supporting Electrolyte at a Rotating Disk Electrode (2001)

The voltammetric behavior of the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- couple at a glassy carbon rotating macrodisk electrode without added supporting electrolyte is shown to be in close to ideal agreement with the theory presented over a wide range of electrode rotation and scan rates when the concentration of electroactive species used is 50 mM. The influences of migration, uncompensated resistance, heterogeneous charge-transfer kinetics, and inhomogeneous diffusion are shown to be well modeled by a finite difference simulation scheme that affords excellent agreement between experiment and theory. The use of the rotating disk electrode, even when only moderate rotation rates are employed, is shown to eliminate the problem with natural convection that exists when using stationary electrodes (macro- or microdisk) and that is enhanced in the absence of added supporting electrolyte. Consequently, it has been concluded that the rotating disk electrode method represents an almost ideal technique for conducting studies without added supporting electrolyte.
Utilization of Anisotropic Metamaterial Layers in Waveguide Miniaturization and Transitions (2007)

We introduce a new approach which enables a waveguide to support propagation of electromagnetic waves below the cutoff frequency, as well as which avoids undesirable reflections in a waveguide. These are achieved through the usage of an anisotropic metamaterial layer by employing the concept of coordinate transformation. The proposed method can be utilized for the fabrication of miniaturized waveguides, and for the elimination of discontinuities in abrupt waveguide transitions. We demonstrate some numerical experiments for finite element simulations of parallel-plate and dielectric slab waveguides.
Antimicrobial Resistance with <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> in the United States, 1997–98 (1999)

From November 1997 to April 1998, 1,601 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were obtained from 34 U.S. medical centers. The overall rate of strains showing resistance to penicillin was 29. 5%, with 17.4% having intermediate resistance. Multidrug resistance, defined as lack of susceptibility to penicillin and at least two other non-ss-lactam classes of antimicrobial drugs, was observed in 16.0% of isolates. Resistance to all 10 ss-lactam drugs examined in this study was directly related to the level of penicillin resistance. Penicillin resistance rates were highest in isolates from middle ear fluid and sinus aspirates of children ambulatory-care settings. Twenty-four of the 34 medical centers in this study had participated in a similar study 3 years before. In 19 of these 24 centers, penicillin resistance rates increased 2.9% to 39.2%. Similar increases were observed with rates of resistance to other antimicrobial drugs.
Psychometric augmentation of an interactive genetic algorithm for optimizing cochlear implant programs (2011)

As suggested in the Blind Watchmaker, human selection can be a remarkable source of information for guiding a genetic algorithm when objective cost functions are unknown. Properly harnessing such input, however, requires an understanding of the numbers humans produce as well as the limitations humans face when performing extensive judgment tasks. The Interactive Augmented Genetic Algorithm (IAGA) modifies both the procedural and algorithmic components of Interactive Genetic Algorithms to better match the human-selection process. experimental results show that cochlear implant recipients are successful in using the IAGA to select processing parameters to improve their perception of music.
VISUAL ‘CLOSED-LOOP’ AND ‘OPEN-LOOP’ CHARACTERISTICS OF VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSONISM AND INTENTION TREMOR (1976)

Normal voluntary movements are considered to be of two kinds, or to involve two components, (i) a ballistic or "open-loop" type, which are preprogrammed and executed without reference to current sensory information and (ii) a corrective or "closed-loop" type, whose course or termination are regulated by such information. In a previous paper it was suggested that Parkinsonism disrupted the first kind of movement, but intention tremor did not. In the present paper three experiments designed to test this hypothesis are described. Subjects were tested on an acquisition-tracking task using an oscilloscope display and joystick control, and measurements were made of the duration, velocity and error of their initial movements to acquire the target. Parkinsonian movements were found to be considerably different from normal in that (a) most movements by this group lasted longer than the reaction time for their initiation, as if including some secondary correction in their execution, (b) the rate of movement was not varied for different amplitudes (so keeping the duration fairly constant) as in normal subjects, but rather movements of all amplitudes were made at a constant slow rate, so that duration increased markedly with the larger steps, (c) error increased disproportionately as the velocity of movement increased; in particular any movements completed in one reaction time or less tended to be wildly inaccurate, (d) removing either the target or the response marker from the screen at the beginning of a movement had a significant effect, making it shorter in duration and smaller in amplitude than those usually produced with both markers visible all the time. Parkinsonian subjects showed no improvement in performance with repeated attempts at one movement over a whole sequence, so their deficit appears to be stable even after practice on a known fixed task. These results are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that Parkinsonism interferes with the generation of accurate ballistic action which are characteristic of normal skilled movement. Tremor subjects in general resembled normal control subjects in their initial acquistion movements, but their accuracy was less with the larger steps.