gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nucleotide sequence and organization of the upstream region of the <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum lysA</i> gene (1990)

Maximum expression of the Corynebacterium glutamicum lysA gene is dependent upon the presence of a 2.3 kb region immediately 5' of the lysA reading frame. Subcloning and functional analysis of the upstream region implied that this region contained the lysA promoter. Sequence determination of the upstream region revealed a single open reading frame, orfX, in the same orientation as lysA. The orfX coding sequence exhibited all the sequence characteristics of a gene with the potential for a 550-amino-acid polypeptide product. Expression of lysA is coupled to that of orfX via a common promoter located immediately 5' of orfX. The RNA start site has been determined by S1 nuclease mapping. Both the orfX and the lysA gene are expressed as a single 3.0 kb RNA transcript. These data indicate that orfX and lysA are genes within a two-gene operon. Expression of the lysA gene is not subject to regulation by lysine. The orfX gene product was shown not to be directly linked to the lysine biosynthetic pathway, nor is it the enzyme incorporating DAP into the peptidoglycan precursor.
Plan-based interfaces (2002)

The ability to reason about the activity of a user is crucial to the implementation of any Intelligent User Interface. If it is able to recognize what a user is doing, a computer can act to cooperate. Most computer systems limit themselves to command-response interactions-their trivial understandings of their users cannot support a more complicated interaction. However, by looking at the tasks that their users are performing and reasoning about sequences of actions, a computer system can provide a more interesting level of interaction that is more efficient and does not demand as much of its users. Furthermore, the understanding of the user's activity provides a context within which to better understand future actions and to tune the sensing systems to look and listen for the actions that the user is most likely to take next. Finally, in many domains, such computer systems can recognize user tasks and act to cooperate without requiring a deep, goal-oriented understanding. In this paper, we look at the process-based interface used in the Intelligent Classroom, focusing on how a human lecturer can control it by simply going about her presentation. Also, we look at how the general ideas have been adapted to Jabberwocky, a speech-based interface to Microsoft PowerPoint that automatically switches slides, and how they are being applied to extend the functionality of Watson, an autonomous web research tool that uses the document a user is viewing as a search context.
Opposite effects of endostatin on different endothelial cells (2004)

Endostatin was described as an anti-angiogenic factor. Therefore endostatin looked to be a new way in anti-angiogenic treatment of cancer. Unfortunately, up to now no objective response were seen in clinical trials using endostatin. We compared two different endothelial cell types. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and endothelial cells derived from differentiated embryonic stem cells (eESC) were tested in view of endostatin induced proliferation, apoptosis, migration and endostatin binding. Both endothelial cell types had shown an opposite response to endostatin for all observed parameters in dependency of the used concentration. The quantity of HUVEC cells was slightly reduced to 84 +/- 8% by treating with 50 ng/ml endostatin whereas the eESC's showed a significant increase up to 142 +/- 12% under same conditions (p = 0.01). The observation that endostatin is able to evoke non-uniform response for proliferation, cell mount and migration of endothelial cells, with different endostatin binding characteristic, leads to the assumption that endostatin effect is strongly dependent from endothelial cell type. Furthermore the cell biological response at lower concentration on angiogenic eESC gives evidence for an angiogenic modulatory rather than a predicted anti-angiogenic role of endostatin.
Location-Based Multicast in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (1998)

Multicast distribution in mobile wireless networks is a topic that has recently begun to be explored. For multicasting, conventional protocols define a multicast group as a collection of hosts which register to a multicast group address. However, in this paper, we define a location-based multicast group which is based on a specific region (&quot;Multicast Region&quot;) in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). Hosts within the multicast region at a given time form the multicast group at that time. We present two algorithms for delivering packets to such a multicast group, and present simulation results. 1 Introduction Multicast distribution in mobile wireless networks is a topic that has recently begun to be explored [22]. When an application must send the same information to more than one destination, multicasting is often used. Multicasting has played an important role in supporting multimedia applications, such as audio/video broadcasting. Multicasting is much more advantageous than multiple unic...
Multishot EPI‐SSFP in the heart (2002)

Refocused steady-state free precession (SSFP), or fast imaging with steady precession (FISP or TrueFISP), has recently proven valuable for cardiac imaging because of its high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and excellent blood-myocardium contrast. In this study, various implementations of multiecho SSFP or EPI-SSFP for imaging in the heart are presented. EPI-SSFP has higher scan-time efficiency than single-echo SSFP, as two or more phase-encode lines are acquired per repetition time (TR) at the cost of a modest increase in TR. To minimize TR, a noninterleaved phase-encode order in conjunction with a phased-array ghost elimination (PAGE) technique was employed, removing the need for echo time shifting (ETS). The multishot implementation of EPI-SSFP was used to decrease the breath-hold duration for cine acquisitions or to increase the temporal or spatial resolution for a fixed breath-hold duration. The greatest gain in efficiency was obtained with the use of a three-echo acquisition. Image quality for cardiac cine applications using multishot EPI-SSFP was comparable to that of single-echo SSFP in terms of blood-myocardium contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). The PAGE method considerably reduced flow artifacts due to both the inherent ghost suppression and the concomitant reduction in phase-encode blip size. The increased TR of multishot EPI-SSFP led to a reduced specific absorption rate (SAR) for a fixed RF flip angle, and allowed the use of a larger flip angle without increasing the SAR above the FDA-approved limits.
Growth Hormone Exerts Antiapoptotic and Proliferative Effects through Two Different Pathways Involving Nuclear Factor-κB and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase**This work was supported by INSERM, a grant from Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, and USPHS Grant CA-36355 from the NIH. (2001)

Dependence of murine pro-B Ba/F3 cells on interleukin-3 can be substituted by GH when cells are stably transfected with the GH receptor (GHR) complementary DNA. Recently, we demonstrated that Ba/F3 cells produce GH, which is responsible for the survival of cells expressing the GHR. This GH effect involves the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Here, we examined the signaling pathways mediating proliferation of growth factor-deprived Ba/F3 GHR cells. Exogenous GH stimulation of Ba/F3 GHR cells induced cyclins E and A and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(waf1/cip1) and repressed cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(kip1). The presence of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) inhibitor Ly 294002 abolished proliferation induced by GH, arresting Ba/F3 GHR cells at the G(1)/S boundary, but did not promote apoptosis. Thus, the proliferative effect of GH is closely related to PI 3-kinase activation, whereas PI 3-kinase is not essential for GH-induced cell survival. Addition of Ly 294002 resulted in a moderate decrease in NF-kappaB activation by GH, suggesting a possible link between PI 3-kinase and NF-kappaB signaling by GH. Expression of c-myc was also induced by GH in Ba/F3 GHR cells, and inactivation of either PI 3-kinase or NF-kappaB reduced this induction. Overexpression of the dominant negative repressor mutant c-Myc-RX resulted in an inhibition of the GH proliferative effect, suggesting the involvement of c-myc in GH-induced proliferation. Taken together, these results suggest that the effects of GH on cell survival and proliferation are mediated through two different signaling pathways, NF-kappaB and PI 3-kinase, respectively; although cross-talk between them has not been excluded. NF-kappaB, which has been shown to be responsible for the antiapoptotic effect of GH, could also participate in GH-induced proliferation, as c-myc expression is promoted by PI 3-kinase, in an NF-kappaB-dependent and -independent manner.
Bleomycin Sensitivity of Mice Expressing Dominant-Negative p53 in the Lung Epithelium (2002)

The chemotherapeutic drug bleomycin causes DNA damage and apoptosis in the lungs of mice within hours of endotracheal instillation followed by inflammation and fibrosis weeks later. The p53 tumor suppressor protein mediates cellular responses to DNA damage, including induction of apoptosis, but the effects of p53 activation in the various cell types of the lung during bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis remain unclear. We show here that a transgene with a dominant-negative mutant form of human p53 expressed from the surfactant protein C promoter sensitizes mice to bleomycin-induced lung injury. The bleomycin-exposed transgenic animals display more severe lung pathology with associated collagen deposition and more pronounced lung eosinophilia than simultaneously exposed nontransgenic littermates. These observations suggest that compromising p53 function in the alveolar epithelium impairs recovery of the lung from bleomycin-induced injury.
Gene Transfer into Circulating Primordial Germ Cells of Quail Embryos. (1995)

During early stages in avian embryogenesis primordial germ cells (PGCs) show a unique migration pathway toward the gonadal anlage through the circulation. In the present study, liposomes consisting of plasmid DNA (pMiwZ; containing lacZ as a reporter) and Lipofectin were injected into the marginal veins of quail embryos during the stages PGCs were circulating in the blood vessels. The lacZ expression was then histochemically detected in the gonads at later embryonic stages, indicating the expression of the injected DNA in PGCs.
Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosome 7 (1990)

Review Articles| June 16 2010 Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosome 7 Subject Area: Genetics L.-C. Tsui; L.-C. Tsui Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Farrall; M. Farrall Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Z. Chen Z. Chen Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics (1990) 55 (1-4): 122–127. https://doi.org/10.1159/000133003 Article history Published Online: June 16 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation L.-C. Tsui, M. Farrall, Z. Chen; Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosome 7. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 31 December 1990; 55 (1-4): 122–127. https://doi.org/10.1159/000133003 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsCytogenetic and Genome Research Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1990Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
<i>In Vivo</i> Reconstitution of Dopamine D<sub>2S</sub> Receptor-Mediated G Protein Activation in Baculovirus-Infected Insect Cells:  Preferred Coupling to G<sub>i1</sub> versus G<sub>i2</sub> (1996)

Agonist binding of the human D2S receptor overexpressed in baculovirus-infected Sf9 insect cells was of low affinity and GppNHp-insensitive, yet, dopaminergic agonists were able to partly inhibit forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation. In order to prove full functionality of the receptor, we used an "in vivo" reconstitution system, which is based on coinfection of Sf9 cells with the appropriate receptor and G protein encoding baculoviruses. In cells coexpressing the D2S receptor and either Gi1 or Gi2, the dopaminergic agonist apomorphine effectively stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding and GTPase activity. Agonist-stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding was dependent on the ratio of G protein to receptor. Expression levels of receptor and G protein influenced each other reciprocally. G protein activation could be optimized by varying the multiplicity of infection of the receptor and G protein encoding baculoviruses. Coexpression of either Gi1 or Gi2 led to the appearance of GppNHp-sensitive high-affinity agonist binding. Detailed agonist competition binding analysis revealed that the percentage of high-affinity agonist binding sites was significantly higher in D2S receptor-expressing cells coinfected with Gi1 viruses than when coinfected with Gi2 viruses. Moreover, the coexpressed Gi proteins seemed to modulate the affinity of agonists for the high-affinity form of the receptor. In cells coexpressing Gi1, agonist high affinity was 2-4-fold higher than in cells coexpressing Gi2. Na+ increased the dissociation constant of apomorphine for the high-affinity site by 2-4-fold without affecting the percentage of high-affinity sites or the preference for Gi1. In some dopamine competition experiments with coinfected cells, displacement data were best fit assuming three noninteracting classes of sites in the absence and two independent classes of sites in the presence of GppNHp. Dopamine competition curves with cells highly overexpressing the D2S receptor or with membranes from such cells were best fit assuming two independent classes of sites which were insensitive to GppNHp and might reflect abnormal compartimentalization and/or different states of aggregation.
Monitoring the permeabilization of a single cell in a microfluidic device, through the estimation of its dielectric properties based on combined dielectrophoresis and electrorotation in situ experiments (2015)

The electric field is commonly used in microdevices to handle, treat, or monitor living cells for various biological or biomedical applications (cells electrofusion, gene electrotransfer, drugs injection, cell sorting, …). Dielectrophoresis (DEP) forces, using stationary waves (conventional DEP) or traveling waves, are widely used for the cell handling or sorting. Electrorotation, which is induced by a rotating electrical field, is used for the determination of cell dielectric parameters. The application of pulsed electric field (PEF) results in the cell membrane permeabilization that might allow the transfer of various molecules in the cytoplasm. In this paper, we propose a method to monitor in situ the level of electropermeabilization induced by PEF application on a single cell, by combining the dielectrophoresis force and the electrorotation torque within a microfluidic device. The method was experimented on two different cell lines (human leukemic T-cell lymphoblast and murine melanoma cell): a single cell is captured by dielectrophoresis while its dielectric properties (both permittivity and conductivity of cytoplasm and membrane) are estimated thanks to a rotating electric field, which is applied simultaneously. The permeabilization effect of PEF, applied to the single cell trapped in such conditions in the biodevice, could be monitored by the estimation of its dielectric properties before and after pulse application.
Soy Protein Versus Soy Phytoestrogens in the Prevention of Diet-Induced Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis of Male Cynomolgus Monkeys (1997)

Soy protein, long recognized as having cardiovascular benefits, is a rich source of phytoestrogens (isoflavones). To distinguish the relative contributions of the protein moiety versus the alcohol-extractable phytoestrogens for cardiovascular protection, we studied young male cynomolgus macaques fed a moderately atherogenic diet and randomly assigned to three groups. The groups differed only in the source of dietary protein, which was either casein/lactalbumin (casein, n = 27), soy protein with the phytoestrogens intact (soy+, n = 27), or soy protein with the phytoestrogens mostly extracted (soy-, n = 28). The diets were fed for 14 months. Animals fed soy+ had significantly lower total and LDL plus VLDL cholesterol concentrations compared with the other two groups. They soy+ animals had the highest HDL cholesterol concentrations, the casein group had the lowest, and the soy- group was intermediate. A subset was necropsied for atherosclerosis evaluations (n = 11 per group). Morphometric and angiochemical measures were done to quantify atherosclerosis. Coronary artery atherosclerotic lesions were smallest in the soy+ group (90% less coronary atherosclerosis than the casein group and 50% less than the soy- group), largest in the casein group, and intermediate in the soy- group. The effects of the diets on lesion size and arterial lipid measures of the peripheral arteries were similar to those in the coronary arteries, with greatest prevention of atherogenesis with soy+ and intermediate benefit with soy- relative to casein. We could not determine whether the beneficial effects seen in the soy- group relate to the protein itself or to the remaining traces of phytoestrogens. The beneficial effects of soy protein on atherosclerosis appear to be mediated primarily by the phytoestrogen component. Testicular weights were unaffected by the phytoestrogens.
[The role of calcium on parotid cell differentiation and secretion in vitro]. (1997)

To study the role of calcium on parotid cell differentiation and secretion, high extracellular calcium was used to treat the parotid gland cells in culture. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to examine the expression of proteins involved in cell-cell interaction, cell differentiation and parotid gland secretary proteins. The results demonstrated that the expression of CAM and Cx32 increased and more cells had positive reaction to c-jun oncoprotein. No effect of calcium on the expression of EGF-gamma, c-fos, alpha-amylase and PRP was observed. The data indicate that extracellular calcium play an important role on cells differentiation. However, it does not affect the cell secretion.
Electro-optically tunable, narrowband Ti:LiNbO <sub>3</sub> wavelength filter (1987)

We report a tunable optical transmission filter for 1.5μn with a bandwidth of 12 Å and a tuning range of at least 80 Å. The filter is based on wavelength-dependent polarisation conversion in a birefringent waveguide and employs a periodic electrode structure with interleaved birefringence tuning electrodes.
Preparation and characterization of novel basic polysulfone polymers (2001)

Abstract Two synthesis routes for the preparation of novel base‐modified polysulfones (PSUs; Udel®) were investigated: (1) the addition of the basic aromatic ketones 2,2′‐dipyridylketone and 4,4′‐bis‐(diethylamino)benzophenone and the basic aromatic aldehydes N,N ‐dimethylamino‐benzaldehyde, pyridine‐2‐aldehyde, pyridine‐3‐aldehyde, and pyridine‐4‐aldehyde to lithiated PSU and (2) the reaction of lithiated PSU with basic aromatic carboxylic acid esters such as 4‐ N,N ‐dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethylester, pyridine‐2‐carboxylic acid ethylester, pyridine‐3‐carboxylic acid ethylester, and pyridine‐4‐carboxylic acid ethylester. Both synthesis routes lead to a high degree of conversion, without the occurrence of crosslinking. This is remarkable, especially for the reaction of lithiated PSU with the ester compounds, because the (CO)Ar groups formed by the reaction of the ester with PSU–Li are not further converted with the remaining PSU–Li sites to (crosslinked) PSUC(OLi)ArPSU alcoholates, as normally observed when esters are reacted with Li‐organic compounds. Starting with dilithiated PSU, we obtained degrees of substitution of 0.8–2 groups per PSU repeating unit. The structures and compositions of the modified PSU polymers were confirmed with NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The modified polymers were also characterized via thermogravimetric analysis (thermal stability). Interestingly, the product of the reaction of lithiated PSU with 4,4′‐bis‐(diethylamino)benzophenone could be oxidized to a deep blue polymeric dye that showed proton self‐conductivity. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 2874–2888, 2001
Examining multiprotein signaling complexes from all angles (2005)

Dynamic protein-protein interactions are involved in most physiological processes and, in particular, for the formation of multiprotein signaling complexes at transmembrane receptors, adapter proteins and effector molecules. Because the unregulated induction of signaling complexes has substantial clinical relevance, the investigation of these complexes is an active area of research. These studies strive to answer questions about the composition and function of multiprotein signaling complexes, along with the molecular mechanisms of their formation. In this review, the adapter protein, linker for activation of T cells (LAT), will be employed as a model to exemplify how signaling complexes are characterized using a range of techniques. The intensive investigation of LAT highlights how the systematic use of complementary techniques leads to an integrated understanding of the formation, composition and function of multiprotein signaling complexes that occur at receptors, adapter proteins and effector molecules.