gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical properties of the lipopolysaccharide unit that activates B lymphocytes. (1990)

We have examined the physical state of highly purified deep rough chemotype lipopolysaccharide (ReLPS) from Escherichia coli D31m4 as an aqueous suspension and as complexes with bovine serum albumin min (BSA). The ReLPS suspension showed large ellipsoidal particles 12-38 nm wide and 40-100 nm long. The solubility of this form of ReLPS was determined by equilibrium dialysis experiments to be 3.3 x 10(-8) M at 22 degrees C and 2.8 x 10(-8) M at 37 degrees C in 150 mM Tris-KCl, pH 7.5; 3.0 x 10(-8) M at 37 degrees C in 0.75 mM Tris-KCl, pH 7.5. The BSA-ReLPS complexes were fractionated on a Sephacryl S-200 column to yield peaks I and II with apparent masses of about 240 and 70 kDa, respectively. Peak II was a BSA monomer with estimated BSA:ReLPS molar ratios of 1:1-1:7. The ReLPS suspension and the two complexes were compared as antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using three select monoclonal antibodies to lipopolysaccharide. The results were consistent with the high state of disaggregation of the ReLPS in both peaks I and II. Since the ReLPS in these complexes were not visible by electron microscopy, they did not contain vesicles or large particles. All forms of ReLPS tested were capable of stimulating 70Z/3, a lipopolysaccharide-responsive murine pre-B cell line. However, peak II was consistently more stimulatory at very low concentrations than the other preparations. The maximally stimulatory concentration of ReLPS for 70Z/3 cells was 40 ng/ml (1.6 x 10(-8) M) for peak II and 70 ng/ml (2.8 x 10(-8) M) for the ReLPS suspension. As expected, the above concentrations were at or below the solubility of the ReLPS. These results suggested that the highly disaggregated form of ReLPS (possibly the monomer) is the active unit that stimulates the cellular response in 70Z/3 cells.
Octave bandwidth varactor-tuned oscillators (1987)

Despite policy commitments to support ageing in place, we know very little about the everyday realities and experiences of older people living in different environmental circumstances, with varying personal capabilities. This paper: 1) examines the valued place-based functionings of older people through the use of geo-spatial and in-situ methods, where functionings are defined as states of being and doing, and place-based functionings are defined as places, activities, interactions, routes, and routines that support these beings and doings; and 2) demonstrates the utility of a capability approach by amalgamating the interconnected concepts 'ageing in place' and 'ageing well'. Three in-depth individual experiences of ageing at home in a Dublin (Ireland) suburb show how differing health and mobility challenges are managed, and illustrate how conceptions of ageing well in place can be identified from geographically-grounded lifeworlds. Participants' place-based functionings are identified by combining qualitative and geo-spatial approaches through the use of annotated maps, using data obtained from traditional interviews, go-along interviews, and mapping exercises. Results demonstrate the diversity of place-based functionings valued by each individual, and how functionings are negotiated depending on different needs, wishes, and health or mobility challenges. Results also highlight the importance of supportive environments and social supports in enabling older people to realise their most valued functionings over time, which include being able to get out and about, engage and connect with others, carry out daily tasks and errands confidently, and remain independent. By paying attention to subjectively valued place-based functionings, as well as the specific supports required to sustain them, we can facilitate older people to not just age in place, or age well, but to age - as well as they can - in place.
Mechanistic studies of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (1987)

Conference Article| October 01 1987 Mechanistic studies of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase J. ELLIS; J. ELLIS 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. R. BAGSHAW; C. R. BAGSHAW 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W. V. SHAW; W. V. SHAW 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G. C. K. ROBERTS G. C. K. ROBERTS 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (5): 867–868. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150867 Article history Received: April 02 1987 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. ELLIS, C. R. BAGSHAW, W. V. SHAW, G. C. K. ROBERTS; Mechanistic studies of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1987; 15 (5): 867–868. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150867 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: CAT, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, Cm, chloramphenicol, n.m.r. nuclear magnetic resonance, CN-Cm, 1-(4-cyanophcnyl)-2-dichloroacetamido-1,3-propanol This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
[Intraarterial chemoembolization therapy for unresectable liver cancer using plachitin particles]. (1994)

Plachitin formed of both poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (chitin) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), was used as an arterial chemoembolization therapy against unresectable liver cancer. One gram of Plachitin contained 300 mg of CDDP. The Plachitin particle was 50-100 microns in diameter. Plachitin particles (50-100 mg) were injected via hepatic artery once or twice every week, and the total amount of 300 mg was considered one course of this therapy. The size and number of tumors were measured by computer tomography (CT). Pharmacokinetics of this drug was also assessed by serum and urine platinum (Pt) concentration. Three patients underwent the chemoembolization therapy using plachitin particles. Case 1 had multiple hepatocellular carcinomas. The tumor regression rate was 39% after two courses of this therapy. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level decreased from 1,182 ng/ml to 300 ng/ml. Case 2 suffered from bile duct cystadenocarcinoma. After three courses of the therapy, the tumor regression rate was 84.4%. Serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) decreased from 731 U/ml to 75 U/ml. Case 3 had synchronous multiple liver metastases from sigmoid colon cancer. The tumor regression rate was 77% after one course of the therapy. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA19-9 decreased from 406 ng/ml to 65 ng/ml and from 4,800 U/ml to 790 ng/ml, respectively. The response rate of the 3 cases was 66.7%. The peak levels of the serum Pt concentration of three patients were 0-0.4 microgram/g throughout the therapy, but peak urine Pt concentrations were observed during one course of the therapy of three patients ranging from 0.5 microgram/g to 3.2 micrograms/g, and decreased gradually for three weeks after the first course. Adverse effects of Plachitin particles for arterial chemoembolization were epigastralgia, nausea, fever, and elevation of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. These adverse effects were observed in all patients, but were transient. Catheter obstruction occurred in one patient (case 2). Cholecystitis, pancreatic pseudocyst, and duodenal ulcer were noticed in case 3. No renal hypofunction was observed. Plachitin might be a useful agent for arterial chemoembolization therapy for primary and secondary liver cancer.
Simultaneous module selection and scheduling for power-constrained testing of core based systems (2002)

We address the problem of power-constrained testing of core based system chips. Built-in self-test methodology for testing individual cores is assumed, and sharing of test resources (pattern generators and signature registers) among cores is permitted. We consider a scenario where the system integrator is dealing with "soft" or "firm cores" for which the final realization has not been frozen and the flexibility of module selection rests with the integrator. We argue that advantage can be taken of this flexibility in coming up with a power-constrained test plan. Since scheduling of test sessions also affects power dissipation in a crucial way, we present an algorithm for simultaneous module selection and test scheduling. Our objective is to minimize the test application time treating the test area overhead and total power dissipation as constraints. We report the results of our implementation of a test planner on two examples.
In vitro antibody secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an expression of the immune response to Brucella spp. in humans (1992)

We developed an assay to detect antibodies spontaneously secreted in vitro by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) against Brucella spp. High levels of anti-Brucella immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or IgM and/or IgA antibodies were detected in the cell supernatant solution of PBMC cultures for 12 patients suffering from acute or focalized brucellosis and for 5 patients recently vaccinated against brucellosis. This spontaneous in vitro antibody production disappeared 5 to 20 months after onset of clinical signs and 20 to 27 days after vaccination. The transient character of this anti-Brucella antibody production by PBMC is consistent with a temporary in vivo stimulation of the immune system by Brucella antigens. Detection of this secretion could improve the diagnosis of evolutive brucellosis.
Association of Unconventional Myosin <i>MYO15</i> Mutations with Human Nonsyndromic Deafness <i>DFNB3</i> (1998)

DFNB3, a locus for nonsyndromic sensorineural recessive deafness, maps to a 3-centimorgan interval on human chromosome 17p11.2, a region that shows conserved synteny with mouse shaker-2. A human unconventional myosin gene, MYO15, was identified by combining functional and positional cloning approaches in searching for shaker-2 and DFNB3. MYO15 has at least 50 exons spanning 36 kilobases. Sequence analyses of these exons in affected individuals from three unrelated DFNB3 families revealed two missense mutations and one nonsense mutation that cosegregated with congenital recessive deafness.
A design methodology for fuzzy controllers and comparison with an optimal PD controller for a nonlinear control system (2002)

This paper presents a method for designing fuzzy logic controllers by using the experience of human operators and/or control engineers. This five-step method, involving a fuzzy logic controller, uses a modified fuzzy associative memory (FAM) approach. The Magnetic Ball Suspension Problem (a nonlinear system problem) is used for illustrative purposes. Comparisons with an optimal PD controller in the linearized and nonlinear cases are made with the result that not only is the fuzzy logic controller more robust than the optimal PD controller in the sense of stability, but it also provides better performance for a given performance index.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electronic medical record and quality of patient care in the VA. (2010)

I was working at the Providence VA Medical Center emergency room when I was asked to see a new, confused, diabetic patient, who was visiting her family in Providence. The nurse informed me that her blood sugar was low. We took measures to correct her blood sugar immediately. The patient was not clear regarding her medications. Her primary care physician was at a VA hospital in California. Logging into the VA Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS), I gained access to the patient’s recent outpatient office visit notes, and obtained the most current medication list. It became clear that the patient was not taking her diabetic medications as prescribed and that she was hypoglycemic because of overmedication. Via the electronic medical record, VA physicians can ascertain not only the patient’s latest data, but also a complete medical record going back as far as the mid -1980s, including records of care performed in any other Veterans Health Administration (VHA ) hospital or clinic. More than $ 1.2 trillion spent on health care each year is estimated to be wasted—about half the $2.2 trillion spent in the United States on health care each year, according to the most recent data from Price Waterhouse Cooper Health Research Institute. Much of the waste is a result of disorganization and lack of accurate information. This results in orders for unneeded tests and ineffective procedures and in simple human error. Advanced health information technology can reduce these consequences substantially in the following ways:
Experimental validation of atomic force microscopy-based cell elasticity measurements (2011)

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is widely used for measuring the elasticity of living cells yielding values ranging from 100 Pa to 100 kPa, much larger than those obtained using bead-tracking microrheology or micropipette aspiration (100-500 Pa). AFM elasticity measurements appear dependent on tip geometry with pyramidal tips yielding elasticities 2-3 fold larger than spherical tips, an effect generally attributed to the larger contact area of spherical tips. In AFM elasticity measurements, experimental force-indentation curves are analyzed using contact mechanics models that infer the tip-cell contact area from the tip geometry and indentation depth. The validity of these assumptions has never been verified. Here we utilize combined AFM-confocal microscopy of epithelial cells expressing a GFP-tagged membrane marker to directly characterize the indentation geometry and measure the indentation depth. Comparison with data derived from AFM force-indentation curves showed that the experimentally measured contact area for spherical tips agrees well with predicted values, whereas for pyramidal tips, the contact area can be grossly underestimated at forces larger than ∼0.2 nN leading to a greater than two-fold overestimation of elasticity. These data suggest that a re-examination of absolute cellular elasticities reported in the literature may be necessary and we suggest guidelines for avoiding elasticity measurement artefacts introduced by extraneous cantilever-cell contact.
Magnetically recoverable Ni/C catalysts with hierarchical structure and high-stability for selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes (2014)

Here we report that magnetic Ni/C catalysts with hierarchical structure can be fabricated from a mixture of nickel acetate, polyethylene glycol-200 and furfural by a one-step hydrothermal method, followed by calcination. It has been found that the calcination temperature is the key factor affecting the structure, morphology and the catalytic performance of the Ni/C catalysts. Of the as-made catalysts, the Ni/C sample calcined at 300 °C features small-size metallic Ni particles with high dispersion in the carbon matrix and a unique hierarchical structure, and has the highest rate of conversion of o-chloronitrobenzene with high selectivity to o-chloroanilines. The concerned Ni/C catalysts are magnetic due to the presence of metallic Ni particles, which makes their recovery easy after the reaction by an external magnetic field. The recovered Ni/C catalysts can be recycled at least ten times without obvious loss both in Ni loading and the catalytic performance. This kind of catalyst is also active for the selective hydrogenation of other nitroarenes to the corresponding anilines.
Electrical Characteristics of SrBi<sub>2</sub>Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9</sub> Capacitor after Aluminum Metallization (1998)

The electrical characteristics of ferroelectric SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 capacitors, after patterning Al interconnects on them, were investigated to determine the causes of the characteristic degradation occurring with metallization. The Al interconnect structures were patterned using various Al etching times (overetching: 5, 30, 60, and 75%) and etching methods (ion milling and reactive ion etching (RIE)). The current–voltage ( I–V ) characteristics degraded significantly although the capacitors were covered with a Pt top electrode and interdielectric SiO 2 . It was found that overetching is the dominant factor responsible for the degradation of the I–V characteristics occurring with metallization. Stress in the ferroelectric film and charge-up effects were also investigated as causes of degradation by bending wafers and cutting off the neutralizer during ion-milling, but it was found that neither of these were significant causes of degradation. Furthermore, uniform I–V characteristics with very slight degradation were obtained by cutting off the neutralizer. Recovery of the degradation was attempted by annealing in N 2 ambient, but no improvement in the I–V characteristics of the capacitors was obtained.
Clinical Observation on Blood Purification for Acute Renal Failure Patients (2005)

Objective To investigate the curative effect of blood purification on acute renal failure(ARF). Methods According to the state of illness, 51 patients were treated by various blood purification methods, from twice a week to once a day. Results 23 cases were cured, 5 cases were improved and needn't dialysis any longer, 1 case went to other hospital when getting better, 1 need chronic dialysis, 4 cases gave up therapy,17case died. Conclusions The early suitable blood purification is helpful for ARF patients to increase the cured rate and lessen the mortality rate according to the state of an illness.
Applying tests for specific yolk antibodies to predict contamination by Salmonella enteritidis in eggs from experimentally infected laying hens. (1997)

Detecting Salmonella enteritidis contamination in eggs has become the cornerstone of many programs for reducing egg-borne disease transmission, but egg culturing is time consuming and laborious. Preliminary screening tests are thus generally applied to minimize the number of flocks from which eggs must be cultured. The usefulness of such tests is directly proportional to both their detection sensitivity and their ability to predict the likelihood of egg contamination. In the present study, samples were collected for 24 days after groups of laying hens were orally inoculated with S. enteritidis. Eggs from each hen were cultured for S. enteritidis in the contents and samples of egg yolk were diluted and tested for specific antibodies to S. enteritidis flagella using both experimental and commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. Samples of voided feces were also collected regularly from each bird and cultured for S. enteritidis. Although fecal shedding and egg yolk antibody production followed opposite patterns over time (fecal shedding was decreasing as egg yolk antibody titers were increasing), tests for both parameters were effective in predicting whether particular hens would lay contaminated eggs. Among hens that laid at least one egg contaminated by S. enteritidis, 82% were detected as infected by fecal culturing and 96% by the experimental egg yolk ELISA test. Using easily collected samples, egg yolk antibody testing offers a rapid and effective screening method for identifying S. enteritidis-infected laying flocks that might lay contaminated eggs.
[Improvement of phthisiopulmonological care to individuals from different age groups during tuberculosis epidemic: state-of-the-art and current approaches]. (2007)

The epidemiological situation and relationships of the principal statistical indices of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in 7 districts of the Western Region of the Ukraine and in the whole country during 1995-2005 are analyzed. Main trends in tuberculosis morbidity are determined in different age groups. The pathomorphological features of tuberculosis under the present-day conditions are studied.
Modulation of PPAR-<i>γ</i>by Nutraceutics as Complementary Treatment for Obesity-Related Disorders and Inflammatory Diseases (2012)

A direct correlation between adequate nutrition and health is a universally accepted truth. The Western lifestyle, with a high intake of simple sugars, saturated fat, and physical inactivity, promotes pathologic conditions. The main adverse consequences range from cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome to several cancers. Dietary components influence tissue homeostasis in multiple ways and many different functional foods have been associated with various health benefits when consumed. Natural products are an important and promising source for drug discovery. Many anti-inflammatory natural products activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR); therefore, compounds that activate or modulate PPAR-gamma (PPAR-γ) may help to fight all of these pathological conditions. Consequently, the discovery and optimization of novel PPAR-γ agonists and modulators that would display reduced side effects is of great interest. In this paper, we present some of the main naturally derived products studied that exert an influence on metabolism through the activation or modulation of PPAR-γ, and we also present PPAR-γ-related diseases that can be complementarily treated with nutraceutics from functional foods.
Effects of different activation treatments on fertilization of horse oocytes by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2000)

Abstract The effects of four reagents on the activation and subsequent fertilization of equine oocytes, and the development of these after intracytoplasmic sperm injection, were investigated. Cumulus-oocyte complexes collected from equine ovaries obtained from an abattoir were matured in vitro for 40-44 h in TCM199 medium before being injected, when in metaphase II, with an immobilized stallion spermatozoon. The cumulus-oocyte complexes were then subjected to one of five activation treatments: (a) 10 micromol ionomycin l(-1) for 10 min; (b) 7% (v/v) ethanol for 10 min; (c) 100 micromol thimerosal l(-1) for 10 min; (d) 250 micromol inositol 1,4, 5-triphosphate l(-1) injection; and (e) no treatment (control). After 18-20 h further culture, the cumulus-oocyte complexes were assessed for activation by observing whether they had progressed through second anaphase-telophase and had formed a female pronucleus. The proportions of oocytes activated after each treatment were: 16/27 (59%) for ionomycin; 14/25 (56%) for ethanol; 22/28 (79%) for thimerosal; 15/27 (56%) for inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate; and 0/20 (0%) for the untreated controls. Thus, significantly more oocytes (P &lt; 0.05) were activated by treatment with thimerosal than by the other four treatments. The proportions of oocytes that cleaved to the two-cell stage at 24-30 h after sperm injection in the groups treated with ionomycin, ethanol and thimerosal were 7/20 (35%), 5/19 (26%) and 11/23 (48%), respectively. No cleavage was observed in any of the control oocytes or those treated with inositol 1,4, 5-triphosphate. Furthermore, evidence of normal fertilization was observed in 2/7 (29%), 2/5 (40%) and 7/11 (64%) of the oocytes treated with ionomycin, ethanol and thimerosal, respectively. These results demonstrated that: (a) it is possible to activate equine oocytes with the chemical stimulants, ionomycin, ethanol, thimerosal and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate; (b) thimerosal is more effective than the other three reagents in facilitating both meiotic activation and normal fertilization of equine oocytes; and (c) chemical activation may also stimulate parthenogenetic cleavage of oocytes without concurrent changes in the head of the spermatozoon.