gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autophosphorylation of grp94 (Endoplasmin) (1995)

The 94-kDa glucose-regulated protein (endoplasmin, grp94) is an abundant member of the 90-kDa molecular chaperone family in the endoplasmic reticulum. We have found earlier that the 50% homologous 90-kDa heat shock protein, hsp90, has ATP-binding site(s) and autophosphorylating activity (Csermely, P., and Kahn, C. R. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 4943-4950). In the present paper we demonstrate that highly purified grp94 is also able to autophosphorylate itself on serine and threonine residues. grp94 can be freed from the co-purifying casein kinase II by concanavalin A affinity chromatography, and its phosphorylation is unaffected by activators and inhibitors of numerous protein kinases known to associate with the homologous hsp90. The autophosphorylation persists in immunoprecipitates and in SDS-polyacrylamide gel-purified and renatured grp94. Autophosphorylation displays a monomolecular kinetics, is activated by micromolar calcium concentrations, has an extreme heat stability, and can utilize both ATP and GTP with relatively high km values of 243 +/- 14 microM and 116 +/- 23 microM, respectively. Sequence analysis of grp94 shows the presence of two ATP-binding sites. The major product of limited proteolysis of grp94 by chymotrypsin or papain is an N-terminal 85-kDa fragment that can bind to ATP-agarose but does not show autophosphorylation. Our data suggest that grp94 has an enzymatic function analogous in many respects to the similar activity of hsp70, hsp90, and grp78 (BiP). Autophosphorylation may participate in/regulate the complex formation of these proteins, so it may be involved in their chaperone function.
Chiral mirrors (2015)

Mirrors are used in telescopes, microscopes, photo cameras, lasers, satellite dishes, and everywhere else, where redirection of electromagnetic radiation is required making them arguably the most important optical component. While conventional isotropic mirrors will reflect linear polarizations without change, the handedness of circularly polarized waves is reversed upon reflection. Here, we demonstrate a type of mirror reflecting one circular polarization without changing its handedness, while absorbing the other. The polarization-preserving mirror consists of a planar metasurface with a subwavelength pattern that cannot be superimposed with its mirror image without being lifted out of its plane, and a conventional mirror spaced by a fraction of the wavelength from the metasurface. Such mirrors enable circularly polarized lasers and Fabry-Pérot cavities with enhanced tunability, gyroscopic applications, polarization-sensitive detectors of electromagnetic waves, and can be used to enhance spectroscopies of chiral media.
Design and Performance of a Room-Temperature Terahertz Detection Array for Real-Time Imaging (2008)

A simple mass producible detection array for terahertz radiation has been designed and fabricated. The 1 mm x 1 mm pixels consist of a <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex>$\hbox{0.5 mm}\times \hbox{0.5}$</tex></formula> mm thin-film absorber on a membrane, supported by 0.28-mm-wide silicon separation beams. Thermopiles are used to measure the temperature increase of the absorber. The 5 ms thermal time constant of the detector, together with the noise equivalent power of 1 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex>$\hbox{nW/Hz}^{1/2}$</tex></formula> , enables real-time imaging at 50 frames/s with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 for an optical intensity of 30 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex>$\mu\hbox{W/cm}^2$ </tex> </formula> .
Unraveling adaptation and mutual inhibition in perceptual rivalry (2006)

When the visual system is confronted with incompatible images in the same part of the visual field, the conscious percept switches back and forth between the rivaling stimuli. Such spontaneous flips provide important clues to the neuronal basis for visual awareness. The general idea is that two representations compete for dominance in a process of mutual inhibition, in which adaptation shifts the balance to and fro. The inherent nonlinear nature of the rivalrous flip-flop and its stochastic behavior, however, made it impossible to disentangle inhibition and adaptation. Here we report a general method to measure the time course, and asymmetries, of mechanisms involved in perceptual rivalry. Supported by model simulations, we show the dynamics of opponent interactions between mutual inhibition and adaptation. The findings not only provide new insight into the mechanism underlying rivalry but also offer new opportunities to study and compare a wide range of bistable processes in the brain and their relation to visual awareness.
Correlation between Thermal Stress and Formation of Interfacial Dislocations during 4H-SiC Epitaxy and Thermal Annealing (2011)

Interfacial dislocations are frequently observed to form during 4H-SiC epitaxy and thermal annealing. This report attempts to establish the correlation between the distribution of interfacial dislocations and the thermal stress induced by a radial temperature gradient. In addition, it is argued that they are misfit dislocations formed by the interaction between thermal strain and misfit strain.
Professionalism and the Corporate Culture of Aviation Education (1997)

Those of us who are in some way affiliated with a university-based professional-pilot preparation program boast about our ability to prepare our graduates for careers as professional pilots employed by major air carriers. Some of us even talk about subjects such as crew resource management and imply that the corporate culture at any air carrier can have a significant effect on the safety and efficiency of flight operations. If this is true, then we must recognize that the corporate culture of our educational institutions has a significant effect on the professional preparation of our graduates.
Augmenting user interfaces with adaptive speech commands (2003)

We present a system that augments any unmodified Java application with an adaptive speech interface. The augmented system learns to associate spoken words and utterances with interface actions such as button clicks. Speech learning is constantly active and searches for correlations between what the user says and does. Training the interface is seamlessly integrated with using the interface. As the user performs normal actions, she may optionally verbally describe what she is doing. By using a phoneme recognizer, the interface is able to quickly learn new speech commands. Speech commands are chosen by the user and can be recognized robustly due to accurate phonetic modelling of the user's utterances and the small size of the vocabulary learned for a single application. After only a few examples, speech commands can replace mouse clicks. In effect, selected interface functions migrate from keyboard and mouse to speech. We demonstrate the usefulness of this approach by augmenting jfig, a drawing application, where speech commands save the user from the distraction of having to use a tool palette.
Sequential Coding Algorithms: A Survey and Cost Analysis (1984)

The cost of a number of sequential coding search algorithms is analyzed in a systematic manner. These algorithms search code trees, and find use in data compression, error correction, and maximum likelihood sequence estimation. The cost function is made up of the size of and number of accesses to storage. It is found that algorithms that utilize sorting are much more expensive to use than those that do not; metric-first searching regimes are less efficient than breadth-first or depth-first regimes. Cost functions are evaluated using experimental data obtained from data compression and error correction studies.
Applications of RF MEMS to tunable filters and matching networks (2002)

This paper summarizes recent developments of micro-electro-mechanical tunable capacitors for RF and microwave applications. Several examples are given, their performances are compared with conventional semiconductor components. Next current tunable resonators and filters at our laboratory are presented. The promises of this new technology are outlined, and some of their limitation are discussed.
Generation of Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for Human Hemoglobin (1988)

One monoclonal antibody (MoAb) highly specific for human hemoglobin, KM-371, was generated by a unique immunization procedure using mice rendered tolerant to bovine hemoglobin. KM-371 strongly reacted with human hemoglobin, but did not with bovine, horse, goat, sheep, rabbit, porcine, chicken, and fish hemoglobins. Human hemoglobin was able to be quantitatively measured in the range 0.01~200 μg/ml by a sandwich ELISA using KM-371 and biotinylated KM-371. By immunostaining using KM-371, 20 ng of human hemoglobin could be detected on a nitrocellulose membrane. These results suggest that KM-371 would be a useful MoAb in the test of occult bloods in faeces for diagnosing colorectal carcinoma without a meat diet.
Low temperature irradiation of vitrifiable mixtures of unsaturated monomers. [<100/sup 0/C; ionizing radiation and/or light] (1975)

A specific mixture containing at least one polymerizable unsaturated monomer which is not vitrifiable by itself can advantageously be polymerized by irradiating the mixture at a temperature not higher than 100/sup 0/C above glass transition temperature of the mixture with an ionizing radiation and/or a light. 12 claims, 6 drawings, figures.
Regulation of NAD metabolism in Salmonella typhimurium: molecular sequence analysis of the bifunctional nadR regulator and the nadA-pnuC operon (1990)

In Salmonella typhimurium, de novo synthesis of NAD is regulated through the transcriptional control of the nadA and nadB loci. Likewise, the pyridine nucleotide salvage pathway is controlled at pncB. The transcriptional expression of these three loci is coordinately regulated by the product of nadR. However, there is genetic evidence suggesting that NadR is bifunctional, serving in both regulatory and transport capacities. One class of mutations in the nadR locus imparts a transport-defective PnuA- phenotype. These mutants retain regulation properties but are unable to transport nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) intact across the cell membrane. Other nadR mutants lose both regulatory and transport capabilities, while a third class loses only regulatory ability. The unusual NMN transport activity requires both the PnuC and NadR proteins, with the pnuC locus residing in an operon with nadA. To prove that nadR encoded a single protein and to gain insight into a regulatory target locus, the nadR and nadA pnuC loci were cloned and sequenced. A DNA fragment which complemented both regulatory and transport mutations was found to contain a single open reading frame capable of encoding a 409-amino-acid protein (47,022 daltons), indicating that NadR is indeed bifunctional. Confirmation of the operon arrangement for nadA and pnuC was obtained through the sequence analysis of a 2.4-kilobase DNA fragment which complemented both NadA and PnuC mutant phenotypes. The nadA product, confirmed in maxicells, was a 365-amino-acid protein (40,759 daltons), while pnuC encoded a 322-amino-acid protein (36,930 daltons). The extremely hydrophobic (71%) nature of the PnuC protein indicated that it was an integral membrane protein, consistent with its central role in the transport of NMN across the cytoplasmic membrane. The results presented here and in previous studies suggest a hypothetical model in which NadR interacts with PnuC at low internal NAD levels, permitting transport of NMN intact into the cell. As NAD levels increase within the cell, the affinity of NadR for the operator regions of nadA, nadB, and pncB increases, repressing the transcription of these target genes.
Waveguide laser resonators with a tilted mirror (1986)

We present a multimode theory of square-bore waveguide laser resonators with one well-aligned and one tilted plane mirror. Our theoretical results for mode content, resonator loss, and power output agree reasonably well with experimental results from an RF-excited CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser with a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">376 \times 1.5 \times 1.5</tex> mm Al/Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> waveguide. The mode propagation coefficients of this structure are discussed. We model a diffraction grating as a plane mirror with a wavelength-dependent tilt, and conclude that previous single-mode theory has underestimated the severity of the line-hopping constraint on tunable waveguide CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser performance.
Oil accumulation is controlled by carbon precursor supply for fatty acid synthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (2012)

Microalgal oils have attracted much interest as potential feedstocks for renewable fuels, yet our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling oil biosynthesis and storage in microalgae is rather limited. Using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model system, we show here that starch, rather than oil, is the dominant storage sink for reduced carbon under a wide variety of conditions. In short-term treatments, significant amounts of oil were found to be accumulated concomitantly with starch only under conditions of N starvation, as expected, or in cells cultured with high acetate in otherwise standard growth medium. Time-course analysis revealed that oil accumulation under N starvation lags behind that of starch and rapid oil synthesis occurs only when carbon supply exceeds the capacity of starch synthesis. In the starchless mutant BAFJ5, blocking starch synthesis results in significant increases in the extent and rate of oil accumulation. In the parental strain, but not the starchless mutant, oil accumulation under N starvation was strictly dependent on the available external acetate supply and the amount of oil increased steadily as the acetate concentration increased to the levels several-fold higher than that of the standard growth medium. Additionally, oil accumulation under N starvation is saturated at low light intensities and appears to be largely independent of de novo protein synthesis. Collectively, our results suggest that carbon availability is a key metabolic factor controlling oil biosynthesis and carbon partitioning between starch and oil in Chlamydomonas.
Dual-Functionalized Theranostic Nanocarriers (2016)

Nanocarriers with the ability to spatially organize chemically distinct multiple bioactive moieties will have wide combinatory therapeutic and diagnostic (theranostic) applications. We have designed dual-functionalized, 100 nm to 1 μm sized scalable nanocarriers comprising a silica golf ball with amine or quaternary ammonium functional groups located in its pits and hydroxyl groups located on its nonpit surface. These functionalized golf balls selectively captured 10-40 nm charged gold nanoparticles (GNPs) into their pits. The selective capture of GNPs in the golf ball pits is visualized by scanning electron microscopy. ζ potential measurements and analytical modeling indicate that the GNP capture involves its proximity to and the electric charge on the surface of the golf balls. Potential applications of these dual-functionalized carriers include distinct attachment of multiple agents for multifunctional theranostic applications, selective scavenging, and clearance of harmful substances.
AM1 calculations for compounds containing germanium (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAM1 calculations for compounds containing germaniumMichael J. S. Dewar and Caoxian JieCite this: Organometallics 1989, 8, 6, 1544–1547Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00108a028https://doi.org/10.1021/om00108a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Map matching for intelligent speed adaptation (2009)

The availability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) enables sophisticated vehicle guidance and advisory systems such as Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) systems. In ISA systems, it is essential to be able to position vehicles within a road network. Because digital road networks as well as GNSS positioning are often inaccurate, a technique known as map matching is needed that aims to use this inaccurate data for determining a vehicle's real road-network position. Then, knowing this position, an ISA system can compare speed with the speed limit in effect and take measures against speeding. An on-line map-matching algorithm is presented with an extensive number of weighting parameters that allow better determination of a vehicle's road network position. The algorithm uses certainty value to express its belief in the correctness of its results. The algorithm was designed and implemented to be used in the large scale ISA project ‘Spar på farten’. Using test data and data collected from project participants, the algorithm's performance is evaluated. It is shown that the algorithm performs correctly 95% of the time and is capable of handling GNSS positioning errors in a conservative manner.
The Preparation and Properties of Vapor-Deposited Epitaxial InAs[sub 1−x]P[sub x] Using Arsine and Phosphine (1969)

Single crystalline layers have been prepared by a vapor‐phase growth technique previously used to prepare very high‐quality . These alloys exhibit electron mobilities equivalent to the highest yet reported for this system. Extensive electron mobility data is reported for the alloys at 77°K. At this temperature, a mobility value of 120,000 cm2/v‐sec was measured for , which is slightly higher than previously reported. Vegard's law is obeyed over the entire composition range. Both n and p‐type doping has been achieved during vapor growth to provide a broad range of electrical resistivities and p‐n junctions.
Comparative evaluation of latency reducing and tolerating techniques (1991)

Techniques that can cope with the large latency of memory accesses are essential for achieving high processor utilization in large-scale shared-memory multiprocessors. In this paper, we consider four architectural techniques that address the latency problem: (i) hardware coherent caches, (ii) relaxed memory consistency, (iii) softwareconuolled prefetching, and (iv) multiple-context suppon. We some studies of benefits of the individual techniques have been done, no Study evaluates all of the techniques within a consistent framework. This paper attempts to remedy this by providing a comprehensive evaluation of the benefits of the four techniques, both individually and in combinations, using a consistent set of architectural assumptions. The results in this paper have been obtained using detailed simulations of a large-scale shared-memory multiprocessor. Our results show that caches and relaxed consistency UNformly improve performance. The improvements due to prefetching and multiple contexts are sizeable, but are much more applicationdependent. Combinations of the various techniques generally amin better performance than each one on its own. Overall, we show that using suitahle combinations of the techniques, performance can be improved by 4 to 7 dmes
[Comparison of specific recognition sites of adenine and cytosine DNA-methylase of Yersinia Pestis EV 76 C dam and dcm by Escherichia coli methylases]. (1984)

Using enzymatic modelling of in vitro methylation of chromosome DNAs from Yersinia pestis EV 76, E. coli 834 and E. coli C600 RII by DNA methylases of Eco RII and Eco dam as well as of DNA hydrolysis of plasmid pBR 322 from the cells of Y. pestis EV 76, E. coli C600 and E. coli 834 by restrictases of Eco RII and Cfu I, it was found that cytosine DNA methylase from plague bacteria does not correspond to the type of RII methylases of E. coli. Adenyl DNA methylase is related to E. coli methylases type dam and modifies adenine in the nucleotide sequence of GATC.
Polymerization of aromatic aldehydes. II. Cationic cyclopolymerization of phthalaldehyde (1969)

Abstract Phthalaldehyde was found to undergo cyclopolymerization with ease by several cationic catalysts and by γ‐ray irradiation. The polymer was composed entirely of the dioxyphthalan unit, as confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and ready decomposition to monomer. The enhanced polymerizability of phthalaldehyde as compared with other aromatic aldehydes was explained in terms of the intermediate‐type or, preferably, concerted propagation scheme. The conversion reached a saturation value of 87% in about 1 hr in methylene chloride at −78°C, indicating an equilibrium polymerization. The ceiling temperature of the polymerization was −43°C, as estimated from the relation between the saturation yield and polymerization temperature. The enthalpy and entropy of propagation were −5.3 kcal/mole and −23.0 eu, respectively. Since the molecular weight of the polymer was proportional to conversion, the propagating chain end was considered to be “living” in this system. The rate constant for propagation was calculated to be 0.18 1/mole‐sec in methylene chloride at −78°C with BF 3 OEt 2 catalyst.
Unsupervised Data Base Clustering Based on Daylight's Fingerprint and Tanimoto Similarity: A Fast and Automated Way To Cluster Small and Large Data Sets (1999)

One of the most commonly used clustering algorithms within the worldwide pharmaceutical industry is Jarvis−Patrick's (J−P) (Jarvis, R. A. IEEE Trans. Comput. 1973, C-22, 1025−1034). The implementation of J−P under Daylight software, using Daylight's fingerprints and the Tanimoto similarity index, can deal with sets of 100 k molecules in a matter of a few hours. However, the J−P clustering algorithm has several associated problems which make it difficult to cluster large data sets in a consistent and timely manner. The clusters produced are greatly dependent on the choice of the two parameters needed to run J−P clustering, such that this method tends to produce clusters which are either very large and heterogeneous or homogeneous but too small. In any case, J−P always requires time-consuming manual tuning. This paper describes an algorithm which will identify dense clusters where similarity within each cluster reflects the Tanimoto value used for the clustering, and, more importantly, where the cluster centroid will be at least similar, at the given Tanimoto value, to every other molecule within the cluster in a consistent and automated manner. The similarity term used throughout this paper reflects the overall similarity between two given molecules, as defined by Daylight's fingerprints and the Tanimoto similarity index.