gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Near-IR Photoelectric Conversion in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using an Osmium Sensitizer with Strong Spin-Forbidden Transition (2012)

A new osmium (Os) complex of the [Os(tcterpy)-(4,4'-bis(p-butoxystyryl)-2,2'-bipyridine)Cl]PF6 (Os-stbpy) has been synthesized and characterized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The Os-stbpy dye shows enhanced spin-forbidden absorptions around 900 nm. The DSSCs with Os-stbpy show a wide-band spectral response up to 1100 nm with high overall conversion efficiency of 6.1% under standard solar illumination.
Selective assembly of connexin37 into heterocellular gap junctions at the oocyte/granulosa cell interface (2004)

Studies of mice with targeted disruptions of specific connexin genes have revealed that at least two connexins, connexin37 (Cx37) and connexin43 (Cx43), play essential roles in ovarian follicle development. To explore the respective roles of these two connexins in gap-junctional communication between the developing murine oocyte and its surrounding cumulus granulosa cells, we used confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and oocyte preloading functional assays. Immunofluorescence microscopy located Cx37 within gap-junction plaques between granulosa cells and the oocyte, and Cx43 between surrounding granulosa cells. Preloading assays combining denuded oocytes and cultured granulosa cells expressing or lacking Cx37 or Cx43 revealed that Cx37 must be present in both cell types for the establishment of heterocellular gap-junctional coupling. Furthermore, immunofluorescence microscopy of cultured granulosa cells after incubation with denuded oocytes showed that the oocyte induces the formation of gap junctions containing Cx37 at the surface of granulosa cells. Continuous Cx37 expression in granulosa cells was confirmed using RT-PCR. Together, these results indicate that the growing murine oocyte is functionally coupled with granulosa cells by homotypic gap junctions composed of Cx37, and that the formation and/or stabilization of Cx37 junctions is selectively induced at the oocyte-granulosa interface by cell contact.
A Brush Back-Flush Needle (1988)

A new feature has been developed to increase the efficiency of the widely used back-flush needle aspirator. The main feature of the new design is its almost completely nontraumatic effect on the retina, increasing the scope of application of the instrument.
Isolation of a Fungus to Decolorize Coffee (1994)

A fungus, Paecilomyces canadensis NC-1, that decolorizes a coffee solution was isolated by enrichment culture. This fungus decolorized a coffee solution by 79% under the optimal conditions. The larger molecular weight fractions of coffee pigments were adsorbed to the mycelia, and the autoclaved mycelia also adsorbed coffee pigments. This fungus decolorized such phenol-type pigments as those found in coffee and black tea extracts.
Interactive Editing of Large Point Clouds (2007)

This paper describes a new out-of-core multi-resolution data structure for real-time visualization and interactive editing of large point clouds. In addition, an editing system is discussed that makes use of the novel data structure to provide interactive editing tools for large scanner data sets. The new data structure provides efficient rendering and allows for handling very large data sets using out-of-core storage. Unlike related previous approaches, it also provides dynamic operations for online insertion, deletion and modification of points with time mostly independent of scene complexity. This permits local editing of huge models in real time while maintaining a full multi-resolution representation for visualization. The data structure is used to implement a prototypical editing system for large point clouds. It provides real-time local editing tools for huge data sets as well as a two-resolution scripting mode for planning large, non-local changes which are subsequently performed in an externally efficient offline computation. We evaluate our implementation on several synthetic and real-world examples of sizes up to 63GB.
Aminated Perfluorosulfonic Acid Ionomers to Improve the Triple Phase Boundary Region in Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (2010)

We propose an approach to improve the triple phase boundary (TPB) of catalyst layers in anion-exchange membrane fuel cells by using aminated Nafion ionomers with amine molecules of ethylenediamine (EDA) and diethylenetriamine (DETA) as anion conductor. Aminated Nafion ionomers were characterized and clarified by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transference number measurements. The transference number of the aminated Nafion ionomers with DETA (DETA-modified Nafion, ) was larger than that of the EDA-modified Nafion . Pt/C catalyst layers with EDA- and DETA-modified Nafion ionomers were constructed, and their oxygen reduction currents were evaluated under the same conditions as in anion-exchange membrane fuel cells. Electrochemical measurements of oxygen reduction currents showed that the order of electrode performance was Nafion (neutralized Nafion with KOH). We effectively improved the TPB region in catalyst layers by introducing aminated Nafion ionomers and revealed the relationship between the conductivity of ion in the aminated Nafion ionomers and the number of amine functional groups in an amine molecule.
The trithorax group gene <i>osa</i> encodes an ARID-domain protein that genetically interacts with the Brahma chromatin-remodeling factor to regulate transcription (1999)

The trithorax group gene brahma (brm) encodes the ATPase subunit of a chromatin-remodeling complex involved in homeotic gene regulation. We report here that brm interacts with another trithorax group gene, osa, to regulate the expression of the Antennapedia P2 promoter. Regulation of Antennapedia by BRM and OSA proteins requires sequences 5' to the P2 promoter. Loss of maternal osa function causes severe segmentation defects, indicating that the function of osa is not limited to homeotic gene regulation. The OSA protein contains an ARID domain, a DNA-binding domain also present in the yeast SWI1 and Drosophila DRI proteins. We propose that the OSA protein may target the BRM complex to Antennapedia and other regulated genes.
Des chiffres et des lettres (2003)

Les historiens ont de tout temps utilisé les textes. Mais leur approche a longtemps été purement empirique. Au fond, l’objectif primordial de l’historien était de disposer d’un texte sûr, d’où l’accent sur la critique des sources d’une part, et sur l’établissement du contenu de l’autre : une fois le texte solidement établi, on pouvait l’utiliser avec le statut de source autorisée et sous la forme de citations. Le découpage sélectif produit par le choix des citations tenait lieu d’interprétati...
The swelling of cross-linked amorphous polymers under strain (1950)

L. R. G. Treloar, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1950, 46, 783 DOI: 10.1039/TF9504600783
Low NOx and Fuel Flexible Gas Turbine Combustors (1982)

The work described in this paper is a part of the DOE/LeRC “Advanced Conversion Technology Project” (ACT). The program is a multiple contract effort with funding provided by the Department of Energy and technical program management provided by NASA LeRC. Testing has been done burning a petroleum distillate fuel (ERBS fuel), a coal derived fuel (SRC II middle distillate), a petroleum residual fuel, and various blends of these fuels. Measurements are made of NOx CO, and UHC emissions, and other measurements are made to evaluate combustor performance. Results to date indicate that rich-lean diffusion flames, with low fuel bound nitrogen conversion, are achievable with very high combustion efficiencies.
Immunotherapy of Melanoma Targeting Human High Molecular Weight Melanoma‐Associated Antigen: Potential Role of Nonimmunological Mechanisms (2004)

Induction of humoral anti-human high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen (anti-HMW-MAA) immunity following active specific immunotherapy is associated with a statistically significant prolongation of survival in patients with melanoma. This association does not appear to be mediated by immunological mechanisms because anti-HMW-MAA antibodies are poor mediators of complement- and cell-mediated cytotoxicity of melanoma cells. Therefore, we have been investigating nonimmunological mechanisms by which anti-HMW-MAA antibodies (Abs) affect the biology of melanoma cells. We have demonstrated that anti-HMW-MAA mAbs interfere with the interaction of HMW-MAA with extracellular matrix (ECM) components, a process known to be crucial in the early phase of melanoma metastasis. Furthermore, anti-HMW-MAA mAbs appear to block the series of signal transduction events triggered by the interaction of HMW-MAA with ECM. They include the activation of the family of Rho GTPases, p130cas, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). These findings parallel the inhibition of the rat homologue of HMW-MAA NG2 function by anti-NG2 antibodies. Taken together, all these results provide a mechanistic explanation not only for the therapeutic effect of anti-HMW-MAA antibodies in the treatment of melanoma, but also for the function of HMW-MAA in the biology of melanoma cells. This information is expected to serve as a useful background to design effective HMW-MAA-targeted immunotherapy in patients with melanoma.
Efficient SVM-based Recognition of Chinese Personal Names∗ (2014)

Abstract This paper provides a flexible and efficient method to identify Chinese personal names based on SVM (Support Vector Machines). In our approach, forming rules of personal name is employed to select candidate set, then SVM based identification strategies is used to recognize real personal name in the candidate set. Basic semanteme of word in context and frequency information of word inside candidate are selected as features in our methodology, which reduce the feature space scale dramatically and calculate more efficiently. Results of open testing achieved F-measure 90.59 % in 2 million words news and F-measure 86.67 % in 16.17 million words news based on this project.
The conserved 18,000-molecular-weight outer membrane protein of Haemophilus ducreyi has homology to PAL (1996)

Haemophilus ducreyi expresses an 18,000-molecular-weight outer membrane protein that contains a conserved surface-exposed epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody 3B9. Monoclonal antibody 3B9 cross-reacts with proteins of similar molecular weight found in many Haemophilus sp. strains, including P6, a candidate vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae. The gene encoding the 18,000-molecular-weight outer membrane protein was identified by screening a lambdagt11 genomic library with 3B9. The coding sequence of the gene was localized to a 471-bp open reading frame, designated pal (peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein). Translation of pal predicted a mature polypeptide with a molecular weight of 15,000 that had extensive homology with P6 and Escherichia coli PAL. The predicted signal peptide had features characteristic of a prokaryotic lipoprotein, and processing of PAL was sensitive to globomycin in H. ducreyi. The sequences encoding mature H. ducreyi PAL were subcloned into the vector pRSET B and expressed as a polyhistidine-containing fusion protein that bound 3B9. In Western blot (immunoblot) analysis, serum samples obtained from healthy subjects and patients with chancroid or other genital ulcer diseases contained antibodies to purified PAL. Antibodies that bound to PAL were removed by absorption with a lysate of Haemophilus sp. antigens, suggesting that patients with chancroid do not develop an H. ducreyi-specific antibody response to PAL.
Combination of Antioxidant Supplements Improved Cognitive Function in the Elderly (2012)

Although nutrients or agents with antioxidant properties were reported to show a preventive effect on cognitive decline in animal studies, epidemiologic data on select antioxidants have shown conflicting results. We investigated whether a combination of antioxidants from supplements is effective for the improvement of cognitive function of elderly. Forty-one subjects from a community dwelling aged 65 years and older took supplements containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), lycopene, and Ginkgo biloba extracts (GE) daily for 3 years. The data of 622 subjects without supplement intake were used as control. We investigated the changes in cognitive function during a 3-year follow-up. We also investigated the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on the effect of antioxidants. We found that a combination of antioxidants improved cognitive function of aged persons after 3 years. Our present study also indicated this improvement in cognitive function with supplement intake in both APOE4 non-carrier (E4-) and APOE4 carrier (E4+) groups. Especially, in E4+, we found a large effect size of the improvement of cognition. When multiple antioxidants are used in combination, they protect against vulnerability to other agents and synergistically potentiate their antioxidant properties. These synergistically potentiated antioxidant effects of agents contribute to the improvement of cognitive function.
Reexamination of fluorine incorporation into SiO/sub 2/-significant improvement of charge-to-breakdown distribution tail (2003)

We demonstrate for the first time that an appropriate fluorine (F) incorporation into SiO/sub 2/ can drastically improve the Q/sub bd/ distribution tail on the Weibull plot. From the experimental results, it is indicated that both the strain release and the restructuring of the SiO/sub 2/ by F incorporation is responsible for Q/sub bd/ improvement of weaker oxides. Furthermore, we propose that there are two critical defect densities for the dielectric breakdown, which are caused by intrinsic defects and extrinsic defects which induce accidental failure.
Pharmaceutical Studies on Physical Properties of Solid Form Drugs. III. Influence of Tablet Formula and Tablet Shape on Distribution of Boring Hardness inside Tablet (1975)

In order to examine the influence of tablet formula and tablet shape on the distribution of hardness inside a tablet, the hardness inside each tablet was measured by using a boring hardness measuring apparatus. The sample tablets with ingredients used in general, lactose and crystalline cellulose, of different formula were formed in the plane and convex type by using an ordinary tableting machine. Measurement of the hardness inside various tablets gave curves for the distribution of hardness, in which compressibility by the difference in the ratio of ingredients was observed as a marked difference in the distribution of hardness inside each tablet. As to the distribution of hardness by the difference in the tablet shape, in the case of convex type, the smaller the radius of curvature, the larger was the difference in the distribution of hardness in each layer and, in the case of the tablet with ingredients of poor compressibility, the tablet shape had a larger effect on the distribution of hardness. It was found that the presence and position of a capping can be confirmed from the distribution of hardness.
Processing, Structure, and Properties of Nanostructured Multifunctional Tribological Coatings (2009)

Nanostructured, nanocomposite binary (TiC-a:C), ternary (Cr-Al-N), quaternary (Ti-B-C-N) and quinternary (Ti-Si-B-C-N) multicomponent films have been deposited using unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UBMS) and closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS) from both elemental and composite targets. Approaches to control the film chemistry, volume fraction and size of the multicomponent species, and pulsed ion energy (ion flux) bombardment to tailor the structure and properties of the films for specific tribological applications, e.g., low friction coefficient and low wear rate, are emphasized. The synthesized films are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoindentation, and microtribometry. The relationships between processing parameters (pulsed ion energy and ion flux), thin film microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties are being investigated in terms of the nanocrystalline-nanocrystalline and nanocrystalline-amorphous composite thin film systems that are generated. In the Ti-Si-B-C-N films, nanocomposites of solid solutions, e.g., nanosized (Ti,C,N)B2 and Ti(C,N) crystallites are embedded in an amorphous TiSi2 and SiC matrix including some carbon, SiB4, BN, CN(x), TiO2 and B2O3 components. The Ti-Si-B-C-N coating with up to 150 W Si target power exhibited a hardness of about 35 GPa, a high H/E ratio of 0.095, and a low wear rate of from approximately 3 to approximately 10 x 10(-6) mm3/(Nm). In another aspect, using increased ion energy and ion flux, which are generated by pulsing the power of the target(s) in a closed field arrangement, to provide improved ion bombardment on tailoring the structure and properties of TiC-a:C and Cr-Al-N coatings are demonstrated. It was found that highly energetic species (up to hundreds eV) were found in the plasma by pulsing the power of the target(s) during magnetron sputtering. Applying higher pulse frequency and longer reverse time (lower duty cycle) will result in higher ion energy and ion flux in the plasma, which can be utilized to improve the film structure and properties. For example, optimum properties of the TiC-a:C coating were a hardness of 35 to 40 GPa and a COF of 0.2 to 0.22 for moderate maximum ion energies of 70 to 100 eV, and a super high hardness of 41 GPa and low wear rate of 3.41 x 10(-6) mm3N(-1) m(-1) was obtained for Cr-Al-N coatings deposited with a maximum ion energy of 122 eV. These conditions can be achieved by adjusting the pulsing parameters and target voltages. However, the pulsed ion energy together with the applied substrate bias are need to be carefully controlled in order to avoid excessive ion bombardment (e.g., the maximum ion energy is larger than 180 eV in the current study), which will responsible for an increase in point and line defects, and high residual stress in the crystalline structure.
Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of dilute polymer solutions in flow (2014)

Modern materials processing applications and technologies often occur far from equilibrium. To this end, the processing of complex materials such as polymer melts and nanocomposites generally occurs under strong deformations and flows, conditions under which equilibrium thermodynamics does not apply. As a result, the ability to determine the nonequilibrium thermodynamic properties of polymeric materials from measurable quantities such as heat and work is a major challenge in the field. Here, we use work relations to show that nonequilibrium thermodynamic quantities such as free energy and entropy can be determined for dilute polymer solutions in flow. In this way, we determine the thermodynamic properties of DNA molecules in strong flows using a combination of simulations, kinetic theory, and single molecule experiments. We show that it is possible to calculate polymer relaxation timescales purely from polymer stretching dynamics in flow. We further observe a thermodynamic equivalence between nonequilibrium and equilibrium steady-states for polymeric systems. In this way, our results provide an improved understanding of the energetics of flowing polymer solutions.
Relações de poder e normas jurídicas : os decretos conciliares da diocese de Calahorra e La Calzada sob o bispado de D. Almoravid (1287-1300) (2005)

O presente trabalho visa discutir os discursos juridicos presentes nos decretos do sinodo de Calahorra e La Calzada do final do seculo XIII. Nosso objetivo e destacar as relacoes entre instituicoes episcopais e suas praticas legislativas. Dentro de uma perspectiva historica, e priorizando as relacoes de poder, trataremos de diversas tematicas: a reforma do clero e sua ordenacao; a vida sacramental; as normas para as relacoes com os judeus; por fim, as determinacoes sobre a administracao dos bens do clero.
Structural and semantic analysis of video (2002)

We discuss our recent research and open issues in structural and semantic analysis of digital video. Specifically, we focus on segmentation, summarization and classification of digital video. In each area, we also emphasize the importance of understanding domain-specific characteristics. In scene segmentation, we introduce the idea of a computable scene as a chunk of audio-visual data that exhibits long-term consistency with regard to several audio-visual properties. In summarization, we discuss shot and program level summaries. We describe classification schemes based on Bayesian networks, which model interaction of multiple classes at different levels using multimedia. We also discuss classification techniques that exploit domain-specific spatial structural constraints as well as temporal transitional models.
Nanoelectromechanics in Engineering and Biology (2002)

The success, growth, and virtually limitless applications of nanotechnology depend upon our ability to manipulate nanoscale objects, which in turn depends upon developing new insights into the interactions of electric fields, nanoparticles, and the molecules that surround them. In the first book to unite and directly address particle electrokinetics and nanotechnology, Nanoelectromechanics in Engineering and Biology provides a thorough grounding in the phenomena associated with nanoscale particle manipulation. The author delivers a wealth of application and background knowledge, from using electric fields for particle sorting in lab-on-a-chip devices to electrode fabrication, electric field simulation, and computer analysis. It also explores how electromechanics can be applied to sorting DNA molecules, examining viruses, constructing electronic devices with carbon nanotubes, and actuating nanoscale electric motors. The field of nanotechnology is inherently multidisciplinary-in its principles, in its techniques, and in its applications-and meeting its current and future challenges will require the kind of approach reflected in this book. Unmatched in its scope, Nanoelectromechanics in Engineering and Biology offers an outstanding opportunity for people in all areas of research and technology to explore the use and precise manipulation of nanoscale structures.
Intrinsic Evaluation of <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$n/\gamma $</tex></formula> Discrimination in Plastic Scintillators (2014)

This paper is devoted to characterizing plastic scintillators with neutron/gamma (n/γ) discrimination abilities and understanding experimentally the photophysical processes downstream. This experimental work is divided into two main studies, neutron sources irradiations and optical photoionization of a range of organic scintillators. Commercial liquid and plastic scintillators, respectively BC-501A from Saint-Gobain and EJ-200 from Eljen Technologies, are used as references in terms of respectively extremely high [C. Guerrero, et al., “Analysis of the BC-501A Neutron Detector Signals Using the True Pulse Shape,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip., vol. 597, no. 23, pp. 212-218, 2008] and very poor n/γ discrimination efficient scintillators. We have developed a plastic scintillator [P. Blanc et al., “Neutron/Gamma Pulse Shape Discrimination in Plastic Scintillators: Preparation and Characterization of Various Compositions,”Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, vol. 750, pp. 1-11, Jun. 2014] that shows good discrimination efficiency when compared to plastics that discriminate from literature. We have demonstrated that by exciting with a 70 femtoseconds pulsed laser with energies up to 50 J at 260 nm, it was possible to simulate nuclear interactions with matter. As a result of the photoionization, we observed a time-delayed light emission when a sufficient energy deposition was optically achieved on a discriminating plastic and none when the plastic showed no discrimination properties. This work is ongoing at CEA in collaboration with the nuclear measurement industry AREVA/Canberra and the Laboratoire de Chimie Physique from Orsay University.