gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biological and clinical significance of concurrent p53 gene alterations, MDR1 gene expression, and S-phase fraction analyses in breast cancer patients treated with primary chemotherapy or radiotherapy. (1997)

We investigated the interrelationship between p53 gene alterations, MDR1 gene expression, and S-phase fraction (SPF) in breast carcinomas treated primarily with chemotherapy or radiotherapy and correlated the results with patient outcome to determine the potential clinical significance of these factors. In a consecutive series of 64 fine-needle samplings of breast cancer patients who underwent either neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 53) or radiotherapy (n = 11), p53 (exons 5-9) gene alterations by denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis and subsequent direct sequencing, MDR1 gene expression by semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR, and SPF by DNA flow cytometry were determined. Our results show that p53 mutations (n = 20) were significantly associated (P = 0.01) with high SPF but not with de novo MDR1 gene expression. Most patients with wild-type p53 tumors were found to be resistant to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. No correlation was observed between p53 mutations and the induction of MDR1 gene expression during treatment. Although a significant correlation between shorter distant disease-free survival and high (>/=5%) SPF (P = 0.016) was found, no correlation between distant disease-free survival and p53 status or intrinsic MDR1 gene expression was found. Poor overall survival was observed in patients with tumors with high SPF (P < 0.0004) or lacking MDR1 gene expression (P = 0.03) before treatment, but not with p53 alterations. These data suggest that SPF remains the most relevant biological factor for breast cancer patients treated by primary chemotherapy or radiotherapy and that p53 and MDR1 status may identify a small subset of patients that may resist therapy or pursue an aggressive course.
Sender-Controlled Mobile Instant Message Notifications Using Activity Information (demo) (2019)

We propose the design of MyButler, a sender-controlled notification management system that mitigates disruption caused by mobile instant messaging through sharing the receiver's activity information with the sender.
Über 1,1‐disubstituierte Derivate des Isochromans und Isothiochromans (1966)

Abstract Die Überführung von 1‐Cyan‐isochroman (Ia) in Isochroman‐1‐carbonsäure (IIa) sowie weiter deren Ester IIb und IIc wird beschrieben.—1‐Cyan‐isochroman (Ia), Isochroman‐1‐carbonsäureester (IIb und 11c) sowie 1‐Cyanisothiochroman (Id) werden bei der Umsetzung mit Allylbromid bzw. Benzylchlorid in Gegenwart von Natriumamid in 1‐Stellung alkyliert.—Mit Alkylmagnesium‐halogeniden entstehen aus den Nitrilen I 1‐Acyl‐isochromane bzw.‐isothiochromane III.
MST3 promotes proliferation and tumorigenicity through the VAV2/Rac1 signal axis in breast cancer (2016)

MST3 (mammalian STE20-like kinase 3) belongs to the Ste20 serine/threonine protein kinase family. The role of MST3 in tumor growth is less studied; therefore, we investigates the function of MST3 in breast cancer. Here, we demonstrate that MST3 is overexpressed in human breast tumors. Online Kaplan-Meier plotter analysis reveals that overexpression of MST3 predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Knockdown of MST3 with shRNA inhibits proliferation and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. Downregulation of MST3 in triple-negative MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells decreases tumor formation in NOD/SCID mice. MST3 interacts with VAV2, but not VAV3, as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy. By domain mapping of MST3, we determine that the proline-rich region of MST3 (353KDIPKRP359) interacts with the SH3 domain of VAV2. Mutation of the two proline residues in this domain significantly attenuates the interaction between MST3 and VAV2. Overexpression of wild-type MST3 (WT-MST3), but not proline-rich-deleted MST3 (âP-MST3), enhances the proliferation rate and anchorage-independent growth of MDA-MB-468 cells. Overexpression of MST3 increases VAV2 phosphorylation and GTP-Rac1, whereas downregulation of MST3 or delivery of âP-MST3 results in a reduction of VAV2 and Rac1 activation. Knockdown of MST3 inhibits cyclin D1 protein expression. The Rac1 inhibitor EHop-016 attenuates cell proliferation induced by WT-MST3. Finally, Knockdown of MST3 or Rac1 inhibitor decreases cyclin D protein expression, which is important for tumor growth. These results indicate that MST3 interacts with VAV2 to activate Rac1 and promote the tumorigenicity of breast cancer.
The Design and Use of Flow-Through Hold Pads (1992)

The Chicago Delay Task Force recommended the construction of nine largescale, flow-through hold pads at Chicago O'Hare International Airport to reduce the potential for airfield gridlock. Each of the nine proposed hold pad locations will enable air traffic controllers to hold outbound aircraft awaiting departure clearance or inbound aircraft awaiting gate availability without interfering with the flow of airport surface traffic. The size of these hold pads, each capable of holding between five and ten wide-body aircraft, introduce not only significant construction costs, but also unique operational considerations. Use of each hold pad will reduce controller workload and will save the airlines as much as five million dollars annually in aircraft delay cost.
Examination of the Various Cycles for Pulse Detonation Engines (2011)

An examination of three common thermodynamic cycles developed for detonation-based engine analysis, namely the Humphrey, Fickett-Jacobs and Zel'dovich-von Neumann- Doring, shows that the last one is the most appropriate in capturing the essential physics in a one-dimensional framework. It is suggested that a local thermodynamic equilibrium assumption be invoked for the shock and heat release processes. An engineering approach to constructing the ZND cycle and the need for precompression are addressed.
Identification of newborn rats by tattooing (1989)

Pups were identified by toe clipping or tattooing the plantar surface of the paws on day 4 after delivery. Their growth, maturation, and reproductive capability were not affected by either identification method. In the toe clipping group, however, the duration until fall in the suspension test was significantly shortened, indicating that this identification method may not be suitable for some behavioural tests. The clipping also disturbs the skeletal investigation of toes and is not recommended from the view point of animal welfare. Palm tattooing, on the other hand, satisfies the fundamental requirements for long-term identification of rats.
Efficient Thread Mapping for Heterogeneous Multicore IoT Systems (2017)

This paper proposes a thread scheduling mechanism primed for heterogeneously configured multicore systems. Our approach considers CPU utilization for mapping running threads with the appropriate core that can potentially deliver the actual needed capacity. The paper also introduces a mapping algorithm that is able to map threads to cores in an<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">l</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">o</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">g</mml:mi><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>M</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:math>time complexity, where<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>is the number of cores and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>M</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>is the number of types of cores. In addition to that we also introduced a method of profiling heterogeneous architectures based on the discrepancy between the performances of individual cores. Our heterogeneity aware scheduler was able to speed up processing by 52.62% and save power by 2.22% as compared to the CFS scheduler that is a default in Linux systems.
Comparison of Large Square Bale Handling Options (2011)

Large square bales currently hold great potential for harvesting and storing herbaceous biomass feedstocks. Large square bales have many advantages over both small square bale and round bale counterparts as well as other possible harvest methods. However, high cost is still a main roadblock of supplying baled biomass feedstocks. Bales production includes windrow preparation operations, baling, bale collection and storage, and on-farm bale handling. Thoroughly understanding the capacity of current technology and equipment is essential for biomass industries. Quantifying factors that affect large square bale production and handling logistics was the focus of this research. The large square bale handling capability was studied at commercial farms. Bale compression and associated operations were also studied.
The Determination of the Grain Boundary Width of Ultrafine Grained Copper and Nickel from Electrical Resistivity Measurements (1997)

The grain size distribution of copper and nickel processed by severe plastic deformation was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The temperature dependence of electrical resistivity in the temperature range from 20 to 300 K is presented. The tunnel model of electrical resistivity of grain boundaries is discussed. The width of the potential barrier at grain boundaries in copper and nickel is determined. Larger values of potential barriers are noted in ultrafine grained materials in comparison to the crystallographic width of grain boundaries.
Overview of Physical Models and Statistical Approaches for Weak Gaseous Plume Detection using Passive Infrared Hyperspectral Imagery (2006)

The performance of weak gaseous plume-detection methods in hyperspectral long-wave infrared imagery depends on scene-specific conditions such at the ability to properly estimate atmospheric transmission, the accuracy of estimated chemical signatures, and background clutter. This paper reviews commonly-applied physical models in the context of weak plume identification and quantification, identifies inherent error sources as well as those introduced by making simplifying assumptions, and indicates research areas.
COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF WITHAIA SOMIFERA AD PAAX GISEG O SWIMSTRESS IDUCED IMPAIRED EERGY STATUS OF MICE (2009)

Summary Withania somnifera and Panax ginseng are well(known for their energy augmenting effect. In this study, Withania somnifera and Panax ginseng standardized extracts were evaluated for their energy augmenting activity in an experimental model using the forced swimming test (FST) in Swiss albino mice. Withania somnifera standardized extract (WSE) dose dependently attenuated ATP(depletion and other energy related indices during both short term (7 days) and long term (30 days) treatment periods. The treatment doses were 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. Panax ginseng (PGE), on the other hand, did not elicit similar energy( restoring effect when compared with that of WSE at the lower dose level and on prolonged administration (50 mg/kg for 30days). This latter finding would seem to project WSE as a better adaptogen. Also, WSE may be considered as a better agent for stress management in view of the well documented adverse effects of Ginseng (known as the Ginseng abuse syndrome). To achieve this objective, the need for standardization of Withania somnifera extract is emphasized.
Deconstructing Desorption Electrospray Ionization: Independent Optimization of Desorption and Ionization by Spray Desorption Collection (2012)

Spray desorption collection (SDC) and reflective electrospray ionization (RESI) were used to independently study the desorption and ionization processes that together comprise desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). Both processes depend on several instrumental parameters, including the nebulizing gas flow rate, applied potential, and source geometries. Each of these parameters was optimized for desorption, as represented by the results obtained by SDC, and ionization, as represented by the results obtained by RESI. The optimized conditions were then compared to the optimization results for DESI. Our results confirm that optimal conditions for desorption and ionization are different and that in some cases the optimized DESI conditions are a compromise between both sets. The respective results for DESI, RESI, and SDC for each parameter were compared across the methods to draw conclusions about the contribution of each parameter to desorption and ionization separately and then combined within DESI. Our results indicate that desorption efficiency is (1) independent of the applied potential and (2) the impact zone to inlet distance, and that (3) gas pressure settings and (4) sprayer to impact zone distances above optimal for DESI are detrimental to desorption but beneficial for ionization. In addition, possible interpretations for the observed trends are presented.
Through-Space Charge Transfer in Rod-Like Molecules: Lessons from Theory (2012)

Time-dependent density functional theory calculations are performed within a range-separated hybrid framework to quantify the efficiency of through-space charge transfer (CT) in organic rod-like push–pull compounds. Our model allows us to quantify the CT distance, the amount of transferred electron, as well as the spread of the charges. The impact of several kinds of variations has been investigated: (1) the nature and length of the π-conjugated bridge; (2) the strength of the terminal groups; (3) the presence of a central groups; and (4) the use of a polar environment. In α,ω-nitro-dimethylamino chains, we found that the charge transfer is maximized when four to six conjugated rings are separating the donor and the acceptor. The maximum CT distance is ca. 5 Å for these chains but can be improved by 1–2 Å in polar environments. Adding a stronger electron-donating group does not systematically induce an enhancement of the CT if a strong electron-accepting moiety is used, the latter tending to extract the electron from the conjugated chains rather from the donor moiety. There is indeed a fine equilibrium to respect to improve CT. This investigation is a further step toward the rational optimization of charge transfer properties.
Percutaneous “K-wireless” pedicle screw fixation technique: an evaluation of the initial experience of 100 screws with assessment of accuracy, radiation exposure, and procedure time (2015)

The results of this study demonstrate that the placement of K-wireless percutaneous pedicle screws is technically feasible and can be performed accurately and safely with short procedure and fluoroscopy times.
Comparison of Two Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays and One Rapid Immunoblot Assay for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2-Specific Antibodies in Serum (1998)

The sensitivities and specificities of three immunoassays for the detection of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies in serum, including the one-strip rapid immunoblot assay (RIBA; Chiron Corporation) and two indirect enzyme immunosorbent assays (EIA; Gull Laboratories and Centocor), were compared by testing a panel of 1,250 serum samples from individuals attending an outpatient clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. A qualitative agreement among the three assays was observed with 1,080 serum samples (86.4%); 291 of the serum samples (23.3%) were positive, 789 samples (63.1%) were negative, and 170 serum samples (13.6%) gave a discordant result. Results were considered conclusive when a concordant result was obtained with two of three assays. The sensitivities and specificities of the RIBA, the Gull EIA, and the Centocor EIA proved to be 99.2, 99.7, and 89.9% and 97.1, 96.7, and 99.3%, respectively. These results indicate that the Chiron RIBA and the Gull EIA are especially useful and reliable for the detection of HSV-2-specific antibodies in serum.
Role of natural killer cells against tumor growth in nude mice--a brief review. (1983)

To determine the in vivo function of natural killer (NK) cells against tumor development, we used nude mice deprived of NK activity by injection of anti-asialo GM1. We present here the enhancement of transplanted tumor growth in such mice and discuss the role of NK cells in the tumor-host system based on our recent studies.
Microbiosensor for Alzheimer’s disease diagnostics: detection of amyloid beta biomarkers (2012)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects about 35.6 million people worldwide, and if current trends continue with no medical advancement, one in 85 people will be affected by 2050. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a cost-effective, easy to use, sensor platform to diagnose and study AD. The measurement of peptide amyloid beta (Aβ) found in CSF has been assessed as an avenue to diagnose and study the disease. The quantification of the ratio of Aβ1-40/42 (or Aβ ratio) has been established as a reliable test to diagnose AD through human clinical trials. Therefore, we have developed a multiplexed, implantable immunosensor to detect amyloid beta (Aβ) isoforms using triple barrel carbon fiber microelectrodes as the sensor platform. Antibodies act as the biorecognition element of the sensor and selectively capture and bind Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 to the electrode surface. Electrochemistry was used to measure the intrinsic oxidation signal of Aβ at 0.65 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), originating from a single tyrosine residue found at position 10 in its amino acid sequence. Using the proposed immunosensor Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 could be specifically detected in CSF from mice within a detection range of 20-50 nM and 20-140 nM respectively. The immunosensor enables real-time, highly sensitive detection of Aβ and opens up the possibilities for diagnostic ex vivo applications and research-based in vivo studies.
Elastohydrodynamic Properties of Biobased Heat-Bodied Oils (2014)

Heat-bodied oils were prepared by thermal treatment of soybean oil under inert atmosphere. Different viscosity grades of heat-bodied oils synthesized by varying the reaction time were investigated for various properties including viscosity, viscosity index, elastohydrodynamic film thickness, and pressure–viscosity coefficient. Heat-bodied oils displayed elastohydrodynamic film thickness characteristics typical of lubricating oils. The film thickness of heat-bodied oils increased with increasing entrainment speed and viscosity, decreased with increasing temperature, and was unchanged with varying load. Pressure–viscosity coefficients of heat-bodied oils were estimated from film thickness as well as from physical property data. The pressure–viscosity coefficient values of heat-bodied oils increased with increasing viscosity and decreasing temperature and were in the range displayed by such oils as polyol esters, poly-α-olefins, and petroleum-based base oils. Heat-bodied oils provide access to a wide viscosity range of biobased oils not attainable with vegetable oils, without serious negative impact on critical lubricant properties such as viscosity index, film thickness, and pressure–viscosity coefficient.
Role of RAGE and Its Ligands on Inflammatory Responses to Brain Tumors (2021)

Gliomas, the most common form of brain cancer, can range from relatively slow-growing low-grade to highly aggressive glioblastoma that has a median overall survival of only 15 months despite multimodal standard therapy. Although immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has significantly improved patient survival for some cancers, to date, these agents have not shown consistent efficacy against malignant gliomas. Therefore, there is a pressing need to better understand the impact of host inflammatory responses on the efficacy of emerging immunotherapy approaches for these resistant tumors. RAGE is a multi-ligand pattern recognition receptor that is activated in various inflammatory states such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, cystic fibrosis, and cancer. Low levels of RAGE can be found under normal physiological conditions in neurons, immune cells, activated endothelial, and vascular smooth muscle cells, but it is over-expressed under chronic inflammation due to the accumulation of its ligands. RAGE binds to a range of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) including AGEs, HMGB1, S100s, and DNA which mediate downstream cellular responses that promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, and invasion. Both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies have shown that inhibition of RAGE signaling can disrupt inflammation and cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we will review our current understanding of the role of RAGE pathway on glioma progression and how it could be exploited to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy approaches.
ERDT: Energy-Efficient Reliable Decision Transmission for Intelligent Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Industrial IoT (2015)

Due to harsh environment, large number of sensors, limited energy, and spectrum scarcity, intelligent sensing becomes a key issue to enable many practical applications in industrial Internet of Things (IoT). In such an industrial environment with noise and interference, an efficient cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) scheme can achieve spectrum sharing between primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs), and effectively solve the spectrum scarcity and reduce energy consumption to make the IoT smarter. As a vital part of CSS, decision transmission (DT) between SUs and fusion center (FC) plays a crucial role. In traditional DT, each SU will transmit its local decision to FC with orthogonal channel in each sensing, which does not consider the packet error and packet loss due to noise during transmission, and aggravates spectrum scarcity and energy consumption. An energy-efficient reliable DT (ERDT) scheme is proposed to enhance CSS in industrial IoT, which considers both packet error and packet loss. First, the CSS mathematical model based on DT is formulated. Second, with rigorous mathematical deduction, the correct decision probability and the energy consumption are analyzed for both ERDT and DT based on logic OR-rule and AND-rule under three cases, respectively: 1) bit error only; 2) packet loss only; and 3) both bit error and packet loss. Detailed simulation results show that, compared with DT, the proposed ERDT can increase correct decision probability and reduce energy consumption for CSS under three different cases. When the existence probability of PU is 50%, the energy consumption of ERDT is only half of that of DT in CSS. Furthermore, when there are 30 SUs in CSS, the existence probability of PU is 50%, both pocket loss rate and bit error rate are 0.05, and the correct decision probability of ERDT is approaching to 1 for CSS in industrial IoT.
Recombinant factor VIIa for intracranial haemorrhage in a Jehovahʼs Witness with severe haemophilia A and factor VIII inhibitors (1993)

A Jehovah's Witness with severe haemophilia A and a high titre, high responding inhibitor to both human and porcine factor VIII (FVIII) was treated with recombinant activated factor VII (rVIIa) during an episode of intracranial bleeding. He recovered completely without any adverse effects or neurological sequelae. Treatment with rVIIa in this case was safe and effective. This therapeutic agent should be considered in haemophilia patients with inhibitors who refuse management with blood products on religious grounds and when recombinant factor VIII is not a cost-effective option.