gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiscale fully convolutional network with application to industrial inspection (2016)

In recent years, deep learning, particularly Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), has shown great efficacy for solving various vision tasks. In image segmentation, it has been demonstrated that a CNN can greatly outperform other approaches. However, special attention has to be paid towards setting various parameters in the CNN that affects the scale of the feature map generated at the last convolutional layer, where scale here refers to the ratio of the number of pixels in the original input image that correspond to each pixel in the feature map. Quite often, the optimal settings are tied to the specific problem on hand and can be fairly challenging to determine. To overcome such an issue, this paper proposes a multiscale Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) that combines networks trained at various scales, thereby allowing for conducting segmentation more generically. Moreover, such a multiscale architecture allows for incremental fine-tuning as more training images become available later on and new networks can be trained and added to the combined network. Such flexibility has great utility in applications such as industrial inspection, where training images may not be readily available initially, but yet requires a high level of accuracy. This paper will validate our findings by reporting the results that we have obtained by applying multiscale FCN to the inspection of aircraft engine part.
A new approach to the design of super-directive aerial arrays (1953)

The current distribution required for maximum directivity of an array with a finite number of elements and any specified geometrical configuration is shown to be completely defined by the self- and mutual resistances of the elements and by a certain component of the voltage (the “resistance voltage”) across the terminals of each element. This voltage component is required to vary from element to element in the same way as the instantaneous local values of a sinusoidal disturbance travelling across the array, in the direction under consideration, with the velocity of an electromagnetic wave.As a consequence, the maximum gain of the array is expressible either as a double sum containing only the mutual conductances between the individual elements multiplied by trigonometrical factors depending on their spacing, or as an expression identical (except for a numerical factor) with that for the distant field of the array.These theorems hold, slightly modified, for arrays of non-identical elements.The theory has been applied to the numerical calculation of certain simple arrays. It appears that, for arrays of a given size, directivities greater than those obtained by conventional design methods can be achieved without excessive losses.This has been substantially confirmed by an experimental array of four elements operating at 75 Mc/s. The theoretical gain was 10.1 db, while 8.7 db was measured. Of the discrepancy, 0.6 db was calculated to be due to losses in the feeder system and a further 0.2 db to losses in the dipoles. The bandwidth was about ±½ Mc/s for a drop in gain off ½ db. The degree of super-directivity is indicated by the fact that a physically identical array fed with equal-amplitude currents phased for maximum field strength in the end-fire direction would have a gain of 4.6 db.
Molecular Mechanisms of Viral and Host Cell Substrate Recognition by Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Protease (2011)

Hepatitis C NS3/4A protease is a prime therapeutic target that is responsible for cleaving the viral polyprotein at junctions 3-4A, 4A4B, 4B5A, and 5A5B and two host cell adaptor proteins of the innate immune response, TRIF and MAVS. In this study, NS3/4A crystal structures of both host cell cleavage sites were determined and compared to the crystal structures of viral substrates. Two distinct protease conformations were observed and correlated with substrate specificity: (i) 3-4A, 4A4B, 5A5B, and MAVS, which are processed more efficiently by the protease, form extensive electrostatic networks when in complex with the protease, and (ii) TRIF and 4B5A, which contain polyproline motifs in their full-length sequences, do not form electrostatic networks in their crystal complexes. These findings provide mechanistic insights into NS3/4A substrate recognition, which may assist in a more rational approach to inhibitor design in the face of the rapid acquisition of resistance.
2‐D/3‐D switchable autostereoscopic display with multi‐electrically driven liquid‐crystal (MeD‐LC) lenses (2010)

Abstract— A cylindrical multi‐electrically driven liquid‐crystal lens (MeD‐LC lens) is proposed to extend the range of focusing. The MeD‐LC lens could be applied to switching 2‐D and 3‐D images by supplying a specific operating voltage on each electrode. Therefore, the MeD‐LC lens has less cross‐talk than that of a conventional LC lens. Furthermore, the simplified structure of a MeD‐LC lens with a homogeneous LC layer is much easier for fabrication without a LC‐alignment issue.
The Long Noncoding RNA MEG3 Contributes to Cisplatin Resistance of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma (2015)

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as oncogenes or tumor suppressors that are involved in tumorigenesis and chemotherapy drug resistance. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is an imprinted gene located at 14q32 that encodes an lncRNA, and decreased MEG3 expression plays an important role in multiple cancers. However, its biological role in the development of the chemoresistance phenotype of human lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) is unknown. This study aimed to observe the expression of MEG3 in LAD and to evaluate its biological role and clinical significance in the resistance of LAD cells to cisplatin. MEG3 expression was markedly decreased in cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells compared with parental A549 cells as shown by an lncRNA microarray. MEG3 overexpression in A549/DDP cells increased their chemosensitivity to cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. By contrast, MEG3 knockdown in A549 cells decreased the chemosensitivity. Moreover, MEG3 was decreased in cisplatin-insensitive LAD tissues while p53 protein levels were decreased and Bcl-xl protein levels increased. Furthermore, patients with lower levels of MEG3 expression showed worse responses to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. These findings demonstrate that MEG3 is significantly downregulated in LAD and partially regulates the cisplatin resistance of LAD cells through the control of p53 and Bcl-xl expression. Thus, MEG3 may represent a new marker of poor response to cisplatin and could be a potential therapeutic target for LAD chemotherapy.
Digital mobile radio switching system (2002)

A digital mobile communications system developed by NTT is described. This system offers various user services corresponding to ISDN services involving effective nonvoice services. It includes a nonvoice service adapter which converts modem output to baseband signals for transmission over narrowband digital radio links, and a hitless handover scheme which offers high-quality data communication services even under roaming conditions resulting from decreases in cell size. A mobile communication exchange (MCX) can be constructed by applying newly designed mobile signal equipment to the existing digital switching system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Zonnon Project: A.NET Language and Compiler Experiment (2005)

Zonnon is a new programming language that combines the style and the virtues of the Pascal family with a number of novel programming concepts and constructs. It covers a wide range of programming models from algorithms and data structures to interoperating active objects in a distributed system. In contrast to popular object-oriented languages, Zonnon propagates a symmetric compositional inheritance model. In this paper, we first give a brief overview of the language and then focus on the implementation of the compiler and builder on top of.NET, with a particular emphasis on the use of the MS Common Compiler Infrastructure (CCI). The Zonnon compiler is an interesting showcase for the.NET interoperability platform because it implements a non-trivial but still “natural ” mapping from the language’s intrinsic object model to the underlying CLR.
Encapsulation within nanofibers confers stability to the protective antigen protein (2010)

The current vaccination paradigm for the prevention of anthrax is insufficient to deal with a potential, widespread epidemic. To solve this issue, we propose a self-administrable vaccine patch capable of delivering the antigen of interest into the skin. This patch is comprised of solid-state nanofibers containing encapsulated protective antigen (PA), a binding protein secreted by Bacillus anthracis. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers, produced by the electrospinning technique, are utilized as our transdermal delivery vector because the high surface area to volume ratio that they afford maximizes contact with the skin; in turn increasing local concentration gradients of reversibly packaged PA when the hygroscopic PVP is solubilized via transepidermal water loss. Previous studies have confirmed the retention of PA immunoreactivity and functionality after the voltage-intensive electrospinning process. The study described here aimed to compare the retention of PA functionality within the nanofibers to PA in solution over a several month period; since it is theorized that encapsulation within nanofibers may confer protein stability. The functionality of encapsulated PA was retained whereas PA in solution was inactive after a 32 week incubation at 4°C; suggesting that encapsulation within nanofibers confers stability to the PA protein.
Overexpression of <i>ADC2</i> in Arabidopsis induces dwarfism and late‐flowering through GA deficiency (2005)

We have obtained Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing ADC2, one of the two genes encoding arginine decarboxylase (ADC) in Arabidopsis. These plants contained very high levels of putrescine (Put) but no changes were observed in spermidine and spermine contents. The results obtained from quantification of free and conjugated polyamines suggest that conjugation may be a limiting step for control of Put homeostasis within a non-toxic range for plant survival. Transgenic plants with increased levels of ADC2 transcript and elevated Put content showed dwarfism and late-flowering, and the phenotype was rescued by gibberellin A3 (GA3) application. The contents of bioactive GA4 and GA1, and of GA9 (a precursor of GA4), as well as the levels of AtGA20ox1, AtGA3ox1 and AtGA3ox3 transcripts (quantified by real-time PCR) were lower in the ADC2 overexpressor plants than in the wild type. No change in the expression of genes encoding earlier enzymes in the GA biosynthesis pathway was detected by microarray analysis. These results suggest that Put accumulation affects GA metabolism through the repression of biosynthetic steps catalyzed by GA 20-oxidase and GA 3-oxidase.
ProFusion: Intelligent Fusion from Multiple, Distributed Search Engines (1996)

Abstract: The explosive growth of the World Wide Web, and the resulting information overload, has led to a mini-explosion in World Wide Web search engines. This mini-explosion, in turn, led to the development of ProFusion, a meta search engine. Educators, like other users, do not have the time to evaluate multiple search engines to knowledgeably select the best for their uses. Nor do they have the time to submit each query to multiple search engines and wade through the resulting flood of good information, duplicated information, irrelevant information, and missing documents. ProFusion sends user queries to multiple underlying search engines in parallel, retrieves and merges the resulting URLs. It identifies and removes duplicates and creates one relevance-ranked list. If desired, the actual documents can be pre-fetched to remove yet more duplicates and broken links. ProFusion&apos;s performance has been compared to the individual search engines and other meta searchers, demonstrating its ability to retrieve more relevant information and present fewer duplicates pages. The system can automatically analyze queries to identify its topic(s) and, based on that analysis, select the most appropriate search engines for the query.
Treating hierarchical data structures in the SDC Time-Shared Data Management System (TDMS) (1967)

An important consideration in the design of programming systems for the management of large files of data is the method of treating hierarchical data (that is, data among which logical relationships exist at more than two levels). Recent systems have accomplished this by simply duplicating some essential item of data at several levels. Such duplication makes the storage of even small data bases inefficient; for large masses of data, storage becomes economically unfeasible. Other systems have provided the means to specify and construct hierarchies, but none have provided language that affords control over retrieval and output levels, and control over the scope of output.
The Press in Indonesia (1952)

Research Article| June 04 1952 The Press in Indonesia Mochtar Lubis Mochtar Lubis Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1952) 21 (9): 90–94. https://doi.org/10.2307/3024185 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Mochtar Lubis; The Press in Indonesia. Far Eastern Survey 4 June 1952; 21 (9): 90–94. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3024185 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Segregation of steroid receptor coactivator-1 from steroid receptors in mammary epithelium (1999)

Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) family members interact with steroid receptors, including estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and progesterone receptor (PR), to enhance ligand-dependent transcription. However, the expression of ERalpha and SRC-1 was found to be segregated in distinct subsets of cells within the epithelium of the estrogen-responsive rat mammary gland. This finding was in contrast to the finding for the stroma, where significant numbers of cells coexpressed ERalpha and SRC-1. Treatment of animals with estrogen induced PR expression in the ERalpha-expressing mammary epithelial cells in the absence of detectable SRC-1 and did not affect the segregated pattern of SRC-1 and ERalpha expression. PR was neither expressed nor induced by estrogen treatment in stroma, despite the coexpression of ERalpha and SRC-1. These results suggest that SRC-1 is not necessary for ERalpha-mediated induction of PR in mammary epithelial cells and is also not sufficient for PR induction in stromal cells expressing both ERalpha and SRC-1. Furthermore, the expression of SRC-1 in a subpopulation of mammary epithelial cells distinct from those expressing ERalpha or PR raises the possibility that SRC-1 has cell type-specific functions other than simply to act as coactivator for ERalpha or PR in the mammary epithelium.
MODELING OF DIESEL ENGINE NOISE USING COHERENCE (1979)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A diesel engine can be modeled as a multiple-input, single output system, sometimes known as a coherence model.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Theoretical models for multi-input, single output systems are quite well developed, but only recently have attempts been made to apply these models to practical noise cases such as diesel engines. The results of these models can be used to predict changes in engine noise as cylinder pressure - time history is varied or to attempt to identify sources of noise in the engine. Practical difficulties and simplifying assumptions which must be made are discussed.</div>
Scanning nonlinear dielectric microscope (1996)

This article describes a new scanning technique for imaging the state of spontaneous polarization of a ferroelectric material by measuring the microscopic point-to-point variation of its nonlinear dielectric constants. First, the theory for detecting polarization is described. Second, the technique for measuring the nonlinear dielectric response is described. Finally, using this new microscope, area scans are obtained of the polarization of poled lead zirconate titanate ceramics, a lithium niobate single crystal, and of piezoelectric thin films of the copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene.
A wafer-integrated array of micromachined electrostatically-driven ultrasonic resonators for microfluidic applications (2002)

A distributed micromachined ultrasound source is presented. Electrostatic actuators operating at frequencies exceeding 100 kHz are coupled to a Helmholtz resonator in order to achieve high output velocities. They consist of a 1200 /spl mu/m/spl times/1200 /spl mu/m/spl times/1.36 /spl mu/m composite diaphragm, a perforated P++ backplate and a 3 /spl mu/m air gap. The actuators cover the entire surface of a 4" wafer and are grouped in four individually addressable quadrants. A robust micromachining technology with >80% yield, employing anodic glass-silicon bonding, dissolved wafer process and advanced deep silicon etching has been developed for fabrication of the actuator array. The dynamic behavior of the diaphragm was studied using laser interferometry, and operation was verified at 96 kHz by acoustic measurement.
Fabrication of Copper Patterns on Flexible Substrate by Patterning–Adsorption–Plating Process (2014)

A novel patterning-adsorption-plating process to additively fabricate copper patterns is developed. Functional ink with ion-adsorption nanoparticles was inkjet printed on PET substrate to form the patterned adsorption film. Catalytic ion was adsorbed by amino groups in the adsorption film, and catalyzed the electroless plating of copper. The mercapto groups introduced to the film enhance the reliability of the patterns. Specific solvent used in the ink increase the surface roughness of the adsorption film, leading to a better adhesion of the patterns. The prepared copper patterns show excellent conductivity about the same with bulk copper and good adhesion on PET.
Towards Publish/Subscribe Functionality on Graphs (2016)

In this work, we introduce the publish/subscribe paradigm to support continuous query processing over evolving graphs and motivate it for a number of applications and a variety of possible continuous queries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in the literature that considers sup-porting publish/subscribe in graphs; we focus specifically on massive and dynamically evolving graphs due to the nature of the problem and the type of targeted applications. To this end, we design a proof-of-concept filtering algorithm for supporting structural matching of continuous graph queries against updates in the evolving graph and demonstrate the need for efficient filtering by experimentally comparing our algorithm against a baseline approach. 1.
Supramolecular Cocaine−Aptamer Complexes Activate Biocatalytic Cascades (2009)

The anti-cocaine aptamer was fragmented into two nucleic acids, (1) and (2). The nucleic acid (1) was tethered at its 5'-end to aminoethyl nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, amino-NAD(+), or to horseradish peroxidase, HRP. The nucleic acid (2) was functionalized at its 3'-end with alcohol dehydrogenase, AlcDH, or with glucose oxidase, GOx. In the presence of cocaine, the supramolecular NAD(+)/AlcDH/cocaine-aptamer complex is formed, and the biocatalytic oxidation of ethanol is activated. Similarly, in the presence of cocaine, the GOx/HRP/cocaine-aptamer complex is formed, and this activates the biocatalytic cascade where glucose is oxidized by GOx to yield gluconic acid and H(2)O(2), and the resulting hydrogen peroxide activates the HRP-biocatalyzed oxidation of 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate), ABTS(2-). The systems may be considered as biomimetic prototypes for systems biology.
Mode Seeking Generative Adversarial Networks for Diverse Image Synthesis (2019)

Most conditional generation tasks expect diverse outputs given a single conditional context. However, conditional generative adversarial networks (cGANs) often focus on the prior conditional information and ignore the input noise vectors, which contribute to the output variations. Recent attempts to resolve the mode collapse issue for cGANs are usually task-specific and computationally expensive. In this work, we propose a simple yet effective regularization term to address the mode collapse issue for cGANs. The proposed method explicitly maximizes the ratio of the distance between generated images with respect to the corresponding latent codes, thus encouraging the generators to explore more minor modes during training. This mode seeking regularization term is readily applicable to various conditional generation tasks without imposing training overhead or modifying the original network structures. We validate the proposed algorithm on three conditional image synthesis tasks including categorical generation, image-to-image translation, and text-to-image synthesis with different baseline models. Both qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed regularization method for improving diversity without loss of quality.
VSV-EBOV rapidly protects macaques against infection with the 2014/15 Ebola virus outbreak strain (2015)

The latest Ebola virus (EBOV) epidemic spread rapidly through Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia, creating a global public health crisis and accelerating the assessment of experimental therapeutics and vaccines in clinical trials. One of those vaccines is based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the EBOV glycoprotein (VSV-EBOV), a live-attenuated vector with marked preclinical efficacy. Here, we provide the preclinical proof that VSV-EBOV completely protects macaques against lethal challenge with the West African EBOV-Makona strain. Complete and partial protection was achieved with a single dose given as late as 7 and 3 days before challenge, respectively. This indicates that VSV-EBOV may protect humans against EBOV infections in West Africa with relatively short time to immunity, promoting its use for immediate public health responses.
Attributing events to individuals in multi-inhabitant environments (2008)

Intelligent environment research has resulted in many useful tools such as activity recognition, prediction, and automation. However, most of these techniques have been applied in the context of a single resident. A current looming issue for intelligent environment systems is performing these same techniques when multiple residents are present in the environment. In this paper we investigate the problem of attributing sensor events to individuals in a multi-resident intelligent environment. Specifically, we use a naive Bayesian classifier to identify the resident responsible for a unique sensor event. We present results of experimental validation in a real intelligent workplace testbed and discuss the unique issues that arise in addressing this challenging problem. (8 pages)