gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Studies of Human Recombinant 74- and 54-kDa L-Histidine Decarboxylases (1995)

We have expressed and characterized human recombinant 74-kDa (rHDC74) and 54-kDa (rHDC54) L-histidine decarboxylases (HDCs) in Sf9 cells. By immunoblot analysis, rHDC74 and rHDC54 were shown to be localized predominantly in the particulate and soluble fractions, respectively. rHDC74 exhibited histamine-synthesizing activity equivalent to that of rHDC54. The existence of 74- and 54-kDa HDCs was also confirmed in the particulate and supernatant fractions of the cell lysate, respectively, from the human basophilic leukemia cell line KU-812-F. The ratio of HDC activity to immunoreactivity was similar for the two forms of the enzyme. The specific activity of purified rHDC54 (1.12 mumol/mg/min) was comparable to those of HDCs from other mammalian tissues or cells. The purified rHDC54 was eluted as a monomer form from a Superdex-200 column; the molecular mass of the enzyme was approximately 54 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis without 2-mercaptoethanol. The HDC activity of rHDC54 significantly decreased on dialysis against buffer without pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; addition of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate to the dialysate readily increased in the enzyme activity to the original activity. Taken together, these results suggest that human HDC functions as both 74- and 54-kDa forms having equivalent HDC activity, which are localized in the particulate and soluble fractions, respectively, and that the latter form exhibits its activity as a monomer form.
Robust CNN-based speech recognition with Gabor filter kernels (2014)

As has been extensively shown, acoustic features for speech recognition can be learned from neural networks with multiple hidden layers. However, the learned transformations may not sufficiently generalize to test sets that have a significant mismatch to the training data. Gabor features, on the other hand, are generated from spectro-temporal filters designed to model human auditory processing. In previous work, these features are used as inputs to neural networks, which improved word accuracy for speech recognition in the presence of noise. Here we propose a neural network architecture called a Gabor Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) that incorporates Gabor functions into convolutional filter kernels. In this architecture, a variety of Gabor features served as the multiple feature maps of the convolutional layer. The filter coefficients are further tuned by back-propagation training. Experiments used two noisy versions of the WSJ corpus: Aurora 4, and RATS re-noised WSJ. In both cases, the proposed architecture performs better than other noise-robust features that we have tried, namely, ETSI-AFE, PNCC, Gabor features without the CNN-based approach, and our best neural network features that don’t incorporate Gabor functions.
Drug Interactions (2012)

The systematic knowledge of drug interaction, in particular on the level of absorption, elimination, transport and drug metabolism may help to prevent adverse effects. Predicting pharmacodynamic interactions often demands a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of effect. Electronic prescribing systems are helpful.
<i>Barley stripe mosaic virus</i> ‐induced gene silencing in a monocot plant (2002)

RNA silencing of endogenous plant genes can be achieved by virus-mediated, transient expression of homologous gene fragments. This powerful, reverse genetic approach, known as virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), has been demonstrated only in dicot plant species, where it has become an important tool for functional genomics. Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) is a tripartite, positive-sense RNA virus that infects many agriculturally important monocot species including barley, oats, wheat and maize. To demonstrate VIGS in a monocot host, we modified BSMV to express untranslatable foreign inserts downstream of the gammab gene, in either sense or antisense orientations. Phytoene desaturase (PDS) is required for synthesizing carotenoids, compounds that protect chlorophyll from photo-bleaching. A partial PDS cDNA amplified from barley was 90, 88 and 74% identical to PDS cDNAs from rice, maize and Nicotiana benthamiana, respectively. Barley infected with BSMV expressing barley, rice or maize PDS fragments became photo-bleached and accumulated phytoene (the substrate for PDS) in a manner similar to plants treated with the chemical inhibitor of PDS, norflurazon. In contrast, barley infected with wild-type BSMV, or BSMV expressing either N. benthamiana PDS or antisense green fluorescent protein (GFP), did not photo-bleach or accumulate phytoene. Thus BSMV silencing of the endogenous PDS was homology-dependent. Deletion of the coat protein enhanced the ability of BSMV to silence PDS. This is the first demonstration of VIGS in a monocot, and suggests that BSMV can be used for functional genomics and studies of RNA-silencing mechanisms in monocot plant species.
The failure and recovery problem for replicated databases (1983)

A replicated database is a distributed database in which some data items are stored redundantly at multiple sites. The main goal is to improve system reliability. By storing critical data at multiple sites, the system can operate even though some sites have failed. However, few distributed database systems support replicated data, because it is difficult to manage as sites fail and recover.
Private and State-owned enterprises versus migration?: recruiting labor for the Asturian industry: 1828-1981 (2002)

During the 19th and the 20th centuries, the most relevant aspects concerning recruitment refer to the coal mining and industrial sectors, around which the Asturian industry was built. While the role of the Principality as a source of energy was key for its own economical development, the iron and steel industry would be no less important, specially from the foundation of ENSIDESA in 1950 until the present day. It is worthy of note that the recruiting of both ?labor aristocracy? and the less qualified labor, was helped by the State. Since the beginnings of its industrialization private firms were predominantly based in the Asturian basin (1828-1950). It seems they didn?t help a lot in reducing ?mass migration?. In fact foreign human capital and a paternal recruiting policy did not stop mass migration. However protection for coal encouraged a relative deindustrialization in the region, and it did not create industrial infrastructure, capable of absorbing the surplus population. The State owned enterprises ?HUNOSA and ENSIDESA- couldn?t prevent migration to Europe in the 60?s. By and large, recruitments didn?t prevent Asturian migration because it was neither a private firms? goal nor a public firms? goal.
Anticonvulsant Hypersensitivity Syndrome: Implications for Pharmaceutical Care (2007)

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a delayed adverse drug reaction associated with the use of aromatic anticonvulsant drugs. It has been most commonly reported with the use of phenytoin, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital. Although its occurrence is rare, 1 in every 1000-10,000 exposures, AHS is a serious adverse event often resulting in hospitalization and even death. The clinical manifestations of AHS include a triad of symptoms consisting of dermatologic rashes, fever, and evidence of systemic organ involvement. Diagnosis is most frequently based on the recognition of this triad of symptoms and clinical judgment. The exact mechanism of AHS remains to be determined but is thought to have at least three components: deficiency or abnormality of the epoxide hydroxylase enzyme that detoxifies the metabolites of aromatic amine anticonvulsants, associated reactivation of herpes-type viruses, and ethnic predisposition with certain human leukocyte antigen subtypes. Arene oxides, the toxic intermediaries in the metabolism of anticonvulsant drugs, can accumulate and directly bind to macromolecules, causing cell death, as well as act as prohaptens that bind to T cells, initiating an immune response and systemic reactions. Management of AHS primarily includes discontinuation of the associated anticonvulsant drug. Systemic corticosteroids are usually required for full recovery. An important issue regarding AHS is the cross-sensitivity among aromatic anticonvulsant drugs, which has been reported to be 40-80%. This means that patients with a history of AHS should avoid further use of any aromatic anticonvulsant drug. In addition, a familial association with AHS exists, and family members of the patient with AHS should be educated that they may be at increased risk for developing AHS if they use aromatic anticonvulsant drugs. Anticonvulsant drugs that are generally considered safe are valproic acid and benzodiazepines. Other nonaromatic anticonvulsant drugs should also be acceptable. Pharmacists as health care providers can play an important role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of AHS.
Multi-Scenario Multi-Realisation Seismic Inversion for Probabilistic Seismic Reservoir Characterisation (2018)

Summary In this paper, we propose a two tiered inversion strategy that aims to address and better explore the solution space during seismic inversion and reservoir characterisation. First a range of plausible geological prior scenarios are defined in terms of layer configurations and horizon/picking uncertainty, number of facies and their corresponding abundances, and rock property trends and relationships (with associated uncertainties). Then, per scenario, stochastic Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling (McMC) is performed to create equiprobable realisations from the posterior distribution. The workflow is applied to a producing North Sea field and used to determine areas of significant uncertainty in oil presence and abundance.
Complex systems and the technology of variability analysis (2004)

Characteristic patterns of variation over time, namely rhythms, represent a defining feature of complex systems, one that is synonymous with life. Despite the intrinsic dynamic, interdependent and nonlinear relationships of their parts, complex biological systems exhibit robust systemic stability. Applied to critical care, it is the systemic properties of the host response to a physiological insult that manifest as health or illness and determine outcome in our patients. Variability analysis provides a novel technology with which to evaluate the overall properties of a complex system. This review highlights the means by which we scientifically measure variation, including analyses of overall variation (time domain analysis, frequency distribution, spectral power), frequency contribution (spectral analysis), scale invariant (fractal) behaviour (detrended fluctuation and power law analysis) and regularity (approximate and multiscale entropy). Each technique is presented with a definition, interpretation, clinical application, advantages, limitations and summary of its calculation. The ubiquitous association between altered variability and illness is highlighted, followed by an analysis of how variability analysis may significantly improve prognostication of severity of illness and guide therapeutic intervention in critically ill patients.
Crystal structure of a<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>protein A domain complexed with the Fab fragment of a human IgM antibody: Structural basis for recognition of B-cell receptors and superantigen activity (2000)

Staphylococcus aureus produces a virulence factor, protein A (SpA), that contains five homologous Ig-binding domains. The interactions of SpA with the Fab region of membrane-anchored Igs can stimulate a large fraction of B cells, contributing to lymphocyte clonal selection. To understand the molecular basis for this activity, we have solved the crystal structure of the complex between domain D of SpA and the Fab fragment of a human IgM antibody to 2.7-A resolution. In the complex, helices II and III of domain D interact with the variable region of the Fab heavy chain (V(H)) through framework residues, without the involvement of the hypervariable regions implicated in antigen recognition. The contact residues are highly conserved in human V(H)3 antibodies but not in other families. The contact residues from domain D also are conserved among all SpA Ig-binding domains, suggesting that each could bind in a similar manner. Features of this interaction parallel those reported for staphylococcal enterotoxins that are superantigens for many T cells. The structural homology between Ig V(H) regions and the T-cell receptor V(beta) regions facilitates their comparison, and both types of interactions involve lymphocyte receptor surface remote from the antigen binding site. However, T-cell superantigens reportedly interact through hydrogen bonds with T-cell receptor V(beta) backbone atoms in a primary sequence-independent manner, whereas SpA relies on a sequence-restricted conformational binding with residue side chains, suggesting that this common bacterial pathogen has adopted distinct molecular recognition strategies for affecting large sets of B and T lymphocytes.
Studies on Thiazolidinones: Part IV. Thiazolidinones and Their Derivatives Derived from Unsymmetrical Thioureas (1975)

Department of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla Department of Chemistry, G. M College, Sambalpur <em>Manuscript received 8 April 1975; accepted 26 July 1975</em> Synthesis of 2-(benzothiazolylimino-2') 3-phenyl 4-thiazolidinone (I; \(\phi\) C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>4</sub>,NS), 2-(4'-phenyl thiazolylimino-2') 3-phenyl 4-thiazolidinone (I; \(\phi\)= C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>NS) and 2-(pyridylimino-2') 3-phenyl 4-thiazolidinone (I; \(\phi\) = pyridyl) were made from their respective thiocarbamides with mono­chloro acetic acid in the presence of anhydrous sodium acetate. The thiazolidinones have been condensed with several aromatic aldehydes and the resulting arylidene derivatives have been brominated.
Biodegradation Testing Protocols (2012)

Many methods have been described in literature how to test biodegradation. Several are measuring only indirect parameters or even incorrect parameters. Yet, the essence of biodegradation is well known and involves the measurement of carbon to CO2 conversion in case of aerobic conditions and carbon to CH4 and CO2 conversion in case of anaerobic conditions. An alternative in case of aerobic biodegradation is measurement of oxygen consumption. Optimum test conditions with regard to temperature, pH, nutrients, buffering capacity, oxygen supply, particle size, etc. are provided making the carbon source, which is the sample, the only limiting factor. Since biodegradation is determined by environmental factors, the rate and extent of biodegradation can be different from one environment to the other. Therefore it is important to test biodegradation in an environment representative of real disposal conditions. Finally, it must be noted that biodegradation alone if mostly not sufficient for acceptance in biological disposal but that also requirements with regard to disintegration and environmental safety are formulated.
Deoxygenation reactions of ortho-nitrostyrenes with carbon monoxide catalysed by metal carbonyls: a new route to indoles (1986)

The metal carbonyls Fe(CO)5˙ Ru3(CO)12, and Rh6(CO)16 are catalysts for the deoxygenation of ortho-nitrostyrenes under carbon monoxide pressure to give indole derivatives; the crystal structure of a non-catalytically active rhodium complex obtained during the synthesis of (5e) is reported.
T (1992)

What should the architecture of each node in a general purpose, massively parallel architecture (MPA) be? We frame the question in concrete terms by describing two fundamental problems that must be solved well in any general purpose MPA. From this, we systematically develop the required logical organization of an MPA node, and present some details of * T (pronounced Start , a concrete architecture designed to these requirements. * T is a direct descendant of dynamic dataflow architectures, and unifies them with von Neumann architectures. We discuss a hand-compiled example and some compilation issues.
Anti-inflammatory activity in oak gall extracts. (1977)

A method for the purification of the Hungarian oak gall extracts containing anti-inflammatory activity is described. The anti-inflammatory activity of the purified extract was tested in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and in rat polyarthritis induced by mycobacterial adjuvant. In doses of 4.3 and 8.5 mg/kg i.p., the extract inhibited dose-dependently the formation of paw edema induced by carrageenan in rats. When rats were treated daily from 3 days prior to and 16 days after the injection of the mycobacterial adjuvant, the severity of the polyarthritic symptoms was significantly reduced.
Fuzzy multiobjective optimization with multivariate regression trees (1994)

We introduce a new methodology in which multiobjective optimization is formulated as unsupervised learning through induction of multivariate regression trees. In particular, it is shown that learning of Pareto-optimal solutions can be efficiently accomplished by using a number of fuzzy tree partitioning criteria. These include: a newly formulated fuzzy method based on Kendall's nonparametric measure of association (G. Simon, 1977), Bellman-Zadeh's approach to multiobjective decision making utilized in an inductive framework (R.E. Bellman and L.A. Zadeh, 1970), and finally, multidimensional fuzzy entropy (B. Kosko, 1990). For purposes of comparison, the efficiency of learning with fuzzy partitioning criteria is compared with that of two conventional multivariate statistical techniques based on dispersion matrices. The widely used problem of design of a three bar truss is presented to highlight advantages of our new approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Complete catalytic cycle of cofactor‐independent phosphoglycerate mutase involves a spring‐loaded mechanism (2015)

Cofactor-independent phosphoglycerate mutase (iPGM), an important enzyme in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, catalyses the isomerization of 2- and 3-phosphoglycerates by an Mn(2+)-dependent phospho-transfer mechanism via a phospho-enzyme intermediate. Crystal structures of bi-domain iPGM from Staphylococcus aureus, together with substrate-bound forms, have revealed a new conformation of the enzyme, representing an intermediate state of domain movement. The substrate-binding site and the catalytic site are present in two distinct domains in the intermediate form. X-ray crystallography complemented by simulated dynamics has enabled delineation of the complete catalytic cycle, which includes binding of the substrate, followed by its positioning into the catalytic site, phospho-transfer and finally product release. The present work describes a novel mechanism of domain movement controlled by a hydrophobic patch that is exposed on domain closure and acts like a spring to keep the protein in open conformation. Domain closing occurs after substrate binding, and is essential for phospho-transfer, whereas the open conformation is a prerequisite for efficient substrate binding and product dissociation. A new model of catalysis has been proposed by correlating the hinge-bending motion with the phospho-transfer mechanism.
3D Reconstruction of architectural scenes from uncalibrated video sequences (2009)

In this paper we present a system for three-dimensional reconstruction of architectural scenes from uncalibrated videos. These videosmight be recorded using hand-held cameras, downloaded from the internet or taken from archival sources. Because we do not requireprior knowledge of the camera’s internal parameters such as focal length, center of projection, and radial distortion we can deal withvideos from uncontrolled sources. We present fast algorithms for 2D feature tracking on the GPU, real-time robust estimation andbundle adjustment. We also demonstrate a new type of feature, the viewpoint invariant patch (VIP), in its application to loop detectionand closing.
Compulsory Unit Operation of Oil Pools (1932)

SOME attention should be given to definitions. The term may have at least two meanings, one being the merging of titles and the development and operation of the one unitized area as if it were one tract of land held under a single oil and gas lease according to a definite pro gram intended to accomplish a maximum recov ery from the pool as a whole at a minimum of cost. It is incomplete when the royalty owners do not also merge their titles to their oil and gas rights in the area and is complete when they do. The other is not accompanied by any merger of titles, but the development and operation of the area are in accordance, as nearly as reasonably practicable, with such a program. This second conception may be nothing more than a cooperative development and operation plan, but in this paper it is regarded as more than that. If there cannot be unit opera tion without a merger of titles, then it would seem that the state cannot require unit operation for it cannot require a merging of titles; but if it may consist in requiring each and all of the leasehold ers to develop and operate or to submit to a devel opment and operation according to some such com mon plan as is referred to above without at the same time requiring a merger of titles, then it would seem that unit operation may be required by the state. Whether the states have this power is the subject to be herein considered. If the state can so bind the several lessees, it also can so bind the several lessors. The writer does not know what would be an ideal plan for the development and operation of a pool; but it takes into account the fact that the accumulation of gas and oil is not uniform through out the formation; that often free gas, highly com pressed, occupies the upper portions of the reser voir, the oil with compressed gas in solution coming next in order; that at places oil is not overlaid with free gas, and sometimes there are peaks where free gas is not immediately underlaid with any oil; and the fact that these substances are held under a uni formly distributed pressure, generally referred to as rock pressure. It also recognizes that the most efficient utilization of this naturally-existing reser voir-pressure in the recovery of the oil requires that there be no operation of wells completed into areas where gas only has accumulated, for this diminishes the pressure, withdraws gas which could migrate
Gas-discharge tubes for control of microwave attenuation (1953)

Narrow band and broad band cold cathode discharge tubes have been developed for control of microwave power in the 3 cm band. Constructional details and operational data are discussed. Reference is made to the use of such devices in automatic gain control circuits and to the application of speech modulation of microwaves.
Accelerometry and Heart Rate as a Measure of Physical Fitness: Proof of Concept (2005)

After correction for body composition, VO2max was significantly related to HR.ACM(-1). It is, to our knowledge, the first tool that yields a measure of VO2max by monitoring people in their daily life activities without the need for a specific protocol or for maximal exertion, and therefore is applicable to a large variety of subjects.