gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Soft decoding for robust video transmission (2002)

Often compressed video can be separated into high- and low-priority data on the basis of the contribution of the data to the quality of the reconstructed video. There has been significant interest in unequal error protection (UEP) for robust video transmission. Traditional UEP methods protect the high-priority data more highly than the low-priority data, that is, they employ less powerful channel codes on the low-priority data. In this work a method of utilizing soft decoding of variable-length source codes for unequal error protection is presented. No channel coding is used on the high-priority data, instead, soft-decision decoding is employed to recover from channel errors. Results are shown using an MPEG-4 codec. These results are subjectively comparable to those obtained by using a traditional UEP method.
Design of multimedia database and a query language for video image data (2002)

This paper presents a methodology of database design and a query language for multimedia data, especially for video image data. It focuses on how to specify/identify "objects" in video frames, and the way of representing and storing them in a database. The result of the database query is a short "movie", in which retrieved objects are always emphasized by spotlighting or highlighting.
Data-centric storage in sensornets (2003)

article Share on Data-centric storage in sensornets Authors: Scott Shenker ICSI, Berkeley, CA ICSI, Berkeley, CAView Profile , Sylvia Ratnasamy ICSI/UCB, Berkeley, CA ICSI/UCB, Berkeley, CAView Profile , Brad Karp ICSI, Berkeley, CA ICSI, Berkeley, CAView Profile , Ramesh Govindan USC Comp. Sci., LA, CA USC Comp. Sci., LA, CAView Profile , Deborah Estrin UCLA Comp. Sci., LA, CA UCLA Comp. Sci., LA, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication ReviewVolume 33Issue 1January 2003 pp 137–142https://doi.org/10.1145/774763.774785Published:01 January 2003Publication History 251citation1,528DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations251Total Downloads1,528Last 12 Months24Last 6 weeks6 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Direct Cardiac Effects of a Novel Vesamicol Receptor Ligand, m-Iodobenzyl-Trozamicol, Assessed in the Canine Isolated, Blood-Perfused Heart Preparations (1999)

MIBT, m-(iodobenzyl)trozamicol, is a recently discovered vesamicol analogue that can be used as a functional marker of cholinergic activity in the heart as well as the brain. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of MIBT on sinus node automaticity, ventricular contraction, and coronary blood flow in addition to the action-potential duration of the ventricle by using canine isolated, blood-perfused sinoatrial node and papillary muscle preparations. Intracoronary administration of MIBT (1-300 microg) exerted negative chronotropic, inotropic, and coronary vasodilator effects in a dose-related manner. Pretreatment of the preparations with the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine did not change these effects of MIBT. Moreover, MIBT had little effect on the repolarization phase of the ventricular action potential. Because the doses of MIBT needed for imaging cardiac cholinergic function were much lower than those affecting the cardiovascular system, MIBT may be used safely in future clinical applications.
Use of Hill equation for kinetic analysis of Са2+-transporting systems of Chironomus plumosus larvae secretory cells (2007)

Hill equation was used for kinetic analysis of functioning plasma membrane Ca 2+ -transporting systems in salivary gland’s secretory cells of Chironomus plumosus larvae . For the calculation of Hill equation parameters, modified Eadie-Hofstee plot was used. Hill equation was applied for description of Na + -Ca 2+ exchange trans-membrane current dependence on appropriate ligand concentration. However, when the value of Hill coefficient n > 1 for Na + -Ca 2+ exchange, inward current dependence on [Ca 2+ ] e was found. It testifies to exchanger allosteric regulation by cytosolic Ca 2+ but not to transported cations cooperativity. It is also postulated that Hill equation may be used to describe such heterogenic system as ligand-inducted changing of Ca 2+ content in the gland tissue. In this case it should be abstracted away from specific Ca 2+ -transporting systems properties; in case of n = 1 it specific ligand linking to only one Ca 2+ -transporting system is evident at given concentration mag-nitude (for example, eosin Y with plasma membrane Ca 2+ -pump). In case of n > 1, one can propose several Ca 2+ -transporting systems to take part in single-directed Ca 2+ content changes (for example, Na + -Ca 2+ exchanger activation in reverse mode and plasma membrane Ca 2+ -pump inhibition) under the condition, when the system sensitivity to ligand is in the same range. Vice versa, if n < 1, single-directed changes in different-directed Ca 2+ -transporting systems can be observed (for example, voltage operated Ca 2+ -channels and Ca 2+ -pump of plasma membrane inhibition). Keywords: secretory cells, Na + -Ca 2+ exchanger, Ca 2+ -pump, voltage operated Ca 2+ -channels, Hill equation, Eadie-Hofstee plot, kinetics.
Molecular identification of bacteria in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children with cystic fibrosis (2007)

Culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is the gold standard for detection of pathogens in the lower airways in cystic fibrosis (CF). However, current culture results do not explain all clinical observations in CF, including negative culture results during pulmonary exacerbation and inflammation in the absence of pathogens. We hypothesize that organisms not routinely identified by culture occur in the CF airway and may contribute to disease. To test this hypothesis we used a culture-independent molecular approach, based on use of rRNA sequence analysis, to assess the bacterial composition of BALF from children with CF and disease controls (DC). Specimens from 42 subjects (28 CF) were examined, and approximately 6,600 total clones were screened to identify 121 species of bacteria. In general, a single rRNA type dominated clone libraries from CF specimens, but not DC. Thirteen CF subjects contained bacteria that are not routinely assessed by culture. In four CF subjects, candidate pathogens were identified and include the anaerobe Prevotella denticola, a Lysobacter sp., and members of the Rickettsiales. The presumptive pathogens Tropheryma whipplei and Granulicatella elegans were identified in cases from the DC group. The presence of unexpected bacteria in CF may explain inflammation without documented pathogens and consequent failure to respond to standard treatment. These results show that molecular techniques provide a broader perspective on airway bacteria than do routine clinical cultures and thus can identify targets for further clinical evaluation.
Proteoglycans of basement membranes (1994)

Proteoglycans carrying either heparan sulfate and/or chondroitin sulfate side chains are typical constituents of basement membranes. The most prominent proteoglycan (perlecan) consists of a 400-500 kDa core protein and three heparan sulfate chains. Electron microscopy and cDNA sequencing show a complex and elongated domain structure for the core protein which in part is homologous to that of the laminin A chain. This structure may be varied by alternative splicing and proteolysis. Integration into basement membranes probably occurs by heparan sulfate binding to laminin and collagen IV, core protein binding to nidogen and by limited self assembly. The proteoglycan is in addition a cell-adhesive protein which is recognized by beta 1 integrins. Several more proteoglycans with smaller core proteins (10-160 kDa) apparently exist in basement membranes but are less well characterized. Biological functions include control of filtration through basement membranes and binding of growth factors and protease inhibitors.
Automatic page composition with combined image crop and layout metrics (2012)

Automatic layout algorithms simplify the composition of image-rich documents, but they still require users to have sufficient artistry to supply well cropped and composed imagery. Combining an automatic cropping technology with a document layout system enables better results to be produced faster by less-skilled users. This paper reviews prior work in automatic image cropping and automatic page layout and presents a case for a combined crop and layout technology. We describe one such technology in a system for interactive publication design by amateur self-publishers and show that providing an automatic cropping system with additional information about the layout context can enable it to generate a more appropriate set of ranked crop options for a given image. Furthermore, we show that providing an automatic layout system with sets of ranked crop options for images can enable it to compose more appropriate page layouts.
Introduction to the special issue: Implicit measures of consumer response—the search for the Holy Grail of marketing research (2010)

Abstract The advent of measures of implicit cognition provides marketing researchers with tools they can use to probe automatic processes that do not rely on conscious deliberation. Attempts by marketing researchers to probe unconscious or automatic processes underlying consumer attitudes and purchase decisions date back at least as far as the work of motivation researchers in the early to mid‐twentieth century. These newer methods, principally the Implicit Association Test, emerged from work of psychologists concerned with studying implicit attitudes toward the self and social issues. These measures have more recently been applied to marketing studies of implicit attitudes of consumers toward particular brands and products. This special issue of Psychology & Marketing features contributions in which contemporary researchers in the field review applications of implicit measurement to consumer cognition, consumer persuasion, and nonverbal communication in the retailing context. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ethics and Sovereign Wealth Fund Investing (2010)

This paper focuses on the ethical investing dilemma face by Sovereign Wealth Funds. While most funds cast their goals within the standard risk-return model, many Funds face ethical investing issues. We focus on the ethical investing issue in the context of maximizing ownership utility. We analyze how ethical issues impinge on the investor utility function, offer a menu of strategies for managing ethical issues, discuss the relationship between ethical investing and the desirability of risk reduction and earning greater returns, and create an example of how a Sovereign Wealth Fund might employ our taxonomy to create an ethical investment strategy.
Expanding the ku70 toolbox for filamentous fungi: establishment of complementation vectors and recipient strains for advanced gene analyses (2010)

Mutants with a defective non-homologous-end-joining (NHEJ) pathway have boosted functional genomics in filamentous fungi as they are very efficient recipient strains for gene-targeting approaches, achieving homologous recombination frequencies up to 100%. For example, deletion of the ku70 homologous gene kusA in Aspergillus niger resulted in a recipient strain in which deletions of essential or non-essential genes can efficiently be obtained. To verify that the mutant phenotype observed is the result of a gene deletion, a complementation approach has to be performed. Here, an intact copy of the gene is transformed back to the mutant, where it should integrate ectopically into the genome. However, ectopic complementation is difficult in NHEJ-deficient strains, and the gene will preferably integrate via homologous recombination at its endogenous locus. To circumvent that problem, we have constructed autonomously replicating vectors useful for many filamentous fungi which contain either the pyrG allele or a hygromycin resistance gene as selectable markers. Under selective conditions, the plasmids are maintained, allowing complementation analyses; once the selective pressure is removed, the plasmid becomes lost and the mutant phenotype prevails. Another disadvantage of NHEJ-defective strains is their increased sensitivity towards DNA damaging conditions such as radiation. Thus, mutant analyses in these genetic backgrounds are limited and can even be obscured by pleiotropic effects. The use of sexual crossings for the restoration of the NHEJ pathway is, however, impossible in imperfect filamentous fungi such as A. niger. We have therefore established a transiently disrupted kusA strain as recipient strain for gene-targeting approaches.
Transgenic Mouse Lines Subdivide External Segment of the Globus Pallidus (GPe) Neurons and Reveal Distinct GPe Output Pathways (2014)

Cell-type diversity in the brain enables the assembly of complex neural circuits, whose organization and patterns of activity give rise to brain function. However, the identification of distinct neuronal populations within a given brain region is often complicated by a lack of objective criteria to distinguish one neuronal population from another. In the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe), neuronal populations have been defined using molecular, anatomical, and electrophysiological criteria, but these classification schemes are often not generalizable across preparations and lack consistency even within the same preparation. Here, we present a novel use of existing transgenic mouse lines, Lim homeobox 6 (Lhx6)-Cre and parvalbumin (PV)-Cre, to define genetically distinct cell populations in the GPe that differ molecularly, anatomically, and electrophysiologically. Lhx6-GPe neurons, which do not express PV, are concentrated in the medial portion of the GPe. They have lower spontaneous firing rates, narrower dynamic ranges, and make stronger projections to the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta compared with PV-GPe neurons. In contrast, PV-GPe neurons are more concentrated in the lateral portions of the GPe. They have narrower action potentials, deeper afterhyperpolarizations, and make stronger projections to the subthalamic nucleus and parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus. These electrophysiological and anatomical differences suggest that Lhx6-GPe and PV-GPe neurons participate in different circuits with the potential to contribute to different aspects of motor function and dysfunction in disease.
Jitter compensation in sampling via polynomial least squares estimation (2009)

Sampling error due to jitter, or noise in the sample times, affects the precision of analog-to-digital converters in a significant, nonlinear fashion. In this paper, a polynomial least squares (PLS) estimator is derived for an observation model incorporating both independent jitter and additive noise, as an alternative to the linear least squares (LLS) estimator. After deriving this estimator, its implementation is discussed, and it is simulated using Matlab. In simulations, the PLS estimator is shown to improve the mean squared error performance by up to 30 percent versus the optimal linear estimator.
Monitoring stress changes in carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites with GHz radiation (2017)

We performed proof of concept experiments to demonstrate that the reflected power of GHz illumination from the surface of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites is linearly related to the stress in the material. We introduce a stress coefficient to describe the change in normalized power with applied stress, analogous to the stress-optic coefficient, because the effect is attributed to changes in the refractive index of the effective medium comprising the polymer matrix and carbon fibers. Stress coefficients of -0.549±0.134/GPa and -0.154±0.024/GPa were measured for two different composite materials, both linear in the measurement range of 40 MPa and 100 Mpa, respectively. This technique opens up the possibility of non-destructive evaluation of stresses in CFRP components for quality assurance in manufacturing and in structural health monitoring of in-service aerospace and automotive parts.
Mechanical bandwidth as a guideline to high-performance manipulator design (2003)

The mechanical bandwidth of a manipulator ultimately limits its closed-loop bandwidth and so its response in both trajectory and force control. Here, mechanical design strategies are introduced to improve performance, including placing a distinct speed reducer at the joint rather than at the motor shaft, limiting the transmission ratio and properly selecting the contact compliance. The authors define simple models of the transmission for position-in-position-out and force-out and examine the corresponding transfer functions. The bandwidth of each of the simple models (which neglect damping) is approximately equal to the frequency of the first break point in the magnitude of the frequency response which, in turn, is equal to its lowest resonant frequency. The aim is for the open-loop bandwidth to be as high as possible to increase the quickness of the manipulator's response to commands.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Simulation requirements for vectors in ATE formats (2005)

The simulation of test vectors in ATE formats is shown to facilitate diagnosis and prevention of failures at the ATE. This work discusses the requirements for a simulation-based flow to validate the test vectors before being handed out to the ATE engineers. The experiences of running such a flow, developed based on this methodology, is also briefly described.
Mechanism of dehydroquinase catalyzed dehydration. I. Formation of a Schiff base intermediate (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of dehydroquinase catalyzed dehydration. I. Formation of a Schiff base intermediateJames R. Butler, William L. Alworth, and Maurice J. NugentCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 5, 1617–1618Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00812a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00812a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
IBM Power Systems 775 for Aix and Linux Hpc Solution (2012)

This IBM Redbooks publication contains information about the IBM Power SystemsTM 775 Supercomputer solution for AIX and Linux HPC customers. This publication provides details about how to plan, configure, maintain, and run HPC workloads in this environment.This IBM Redbooks document is targeted to current and future users of the IBM Power Systems 775 Supercomputer (consultants, IT architects, support staff, and IT specialists) responsible for delivering and implementing IBM Power Systems 775 clustering solutions for their enterprise high-performance computing applications.
Location estimation accuracy in wireless sensor networks (2003)

The peer-to-peer nature of a wireless sensor network presents the opportunity for accurate and low-configuration sensor location estimation. Range measurements are made between pairs of sensors, regardless of their a priori coordinate knowledge. This paper quantifies via the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) variance limits on location estimators which use measured time-of-arrival (TOA) or received signal strength (RSS). An extensive campaign measures TOA and RSS in a 44-device multipoint-to-multipoint indoor network for input into maximum-likelihood estimators (MLE) of location. RMS location errors of 1.2 and 2.2 m are demonstrated using TOA and RSS, respectively.
Quantitative noise analysis for gene expression microarray experiments (2002)

A major challenge in DNA microarray analysis is to effectively dissociate actual gene expression values from experimental noise. We report here a detailed noise analysis for oligonuleotide-based microarray experiments involving reverse transcription, generation of labeled cRNA (target) through in vitro transcription, and hybridization of the target to the probe immobilized on the substrate. By designing sets of replicate experiments that bifurcate at different steps of the assay, we are able to separate the noise caused by sample preparation and the hybridization processes. We quantitatively characterize the strength of these different sources of noise and their respective dependence on the gene expression level. We find that the sample preparation noise is small, implying that the amplification process during the sample preparation is relatively accurate. The hybridization noise is found to have very strong dependence on the expression level, with different characteristics for the low and high expression values. The hybridization noise characteristics at the high expression regime are mostly Poisson-like, whereas its characteristics for the small expression levels are more complex, probably due to cross-hybridization. A method to evaluate the significance of gene expression fold changes based on noise characteristics is proposed.
Frown Gives Game Away: Affect Sensitive Tutoring Systems for Elementary Mathematics* (2004)

An important factor in the success of human one-to-one tutoring is the tutor's ability to identify and respond to affective cues. However, current Intelligent Tutoring Systems model students solely on their cognitive, and not affective, state. Automated facial expression analysis makes it possible for computers to identify affective cues by analysing images of learners' facial expressions. A new generation of Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Affective Tutoring Systems, is being developed at Massey University in New Zealand. An important component of this system is a facial expression analysis component that was implemented using a fiq approach. This &-q facial expression analysis approach and future directions are discussed in this paper. behaviour in real time and use this information to individualize interactions with the student. An Affective Tutoring System that is being developed in conjunction with the New Zealand Numeracy Project in the domain of counting and addition will be introduced. This paper introduces a facial expression analysis system that forms the basis of affective state detection. The implementation of an affective mathematics tutoring system is also discussed. A new fuzzy approach employed in the interpretation of facial expressions will also be presented. Based on previous studies (7), we discuss why we believe that without developing such tools first, affect sensitive tutoring systems are not possible.