gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Positional cloning in maize (<i>Zea mays</i> subsp. <i>mays</i>, Poaceae) (2015)

Positional cloning approaches are appropriate for maize mutants and quantitative traits, opening up to molecular characterization the large array of genetic diversity in this agronomically important species. The cloning approach described should be broadly applicable to other species as more plant genomes become available.
Amorphous semiconductors (1987)

The research efforts of physical scientists over twenty years have helped to secure a promising commercial future for amorphous semiconductors, in areas as diverse as solar power and sub-micron optics. The authors discuss the formation and stability of amorphous solids, the atomic and electronic structures of Si and Ge, localised and extended states, defects, doping and optical properties including light-induced structural and morphological changes. A field-effect technique for measuring the localised density of states is described and related to thin-film transistor operation.
Glioblastoma with granular cell astrocytoma features: a case report and literature review (2010)

We present the case of a 69-year old patient with a contrast enhancing, partially cystic lesion of the right temporal lobe, involving the ventricle and extending into the occipital lobe. The resected tumor showed histological features of a glioblastoma with granular cell astrocytoma features, lacking amplification of the EGFR gene region and IDH1R132H mutation. Literature review of 59 cases showed a 12-month overall survival of 11.7% for high-grade and 40% for low-grade granular cell astrocytomas. In 35% more than one cerebral lobe was affected. These extended mass effects may explain the worse prognosis despite the relatively bland histology of the granular cell component.
Farnesylation of Batten Disease CLN3 Protein (1997)

The carboxyl terminal of the predicted amino acid sequence of the Batten disease CLN3 gene protein is CQLS. This motif is expected to be a site for farnesylation at the cysteine residue. In order to determine whether this is indeed farnesylated we have carried out the in-vitro prenylation of tetrapeptides CVLS, CAIL and CQLS using a farnesyl transferase preparation from bovine brain. The data shows that the CQLS is a good acceptor of a farnesyl group similar to CVLS while it is a poor acceptor of a geranylgeranyl group unlike CAIL, which is a good acceptor of a geranylgeranyl group. This suggests that the CLN3 gene product may be a farnesylated protein.
Recommendation for Stateful Hash-Based Signature Schemes (2020)

This recommendation specifies two algorithms that can be used to generate a digital signature, both of which are stateful hash-based signature schemes: the Leighton-Micali Signature (LMS) system and the eXtended Merkle Signature Scheme (XMSS), along with their multi-tree variants, the Hierarchical Signature System (HSS) and multi-tree XMSS (XMSSMT).
Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in Minimizing Acceleration-Induced Pressure Fluctuations in Intact Dog (1998)

Low frequency accelerations during flight maneuvers can destabilize a pilot's arterial blood pressure. This experiment used a centrifuge to evaluate the autonomic control of arterial blood pressure during sinusoidal acceleration. Blood pressure, left ventricular stroke volume, heart rate and total peripheral resistance were recorded or calculated in intact dogs. The animals were sedated and positioned horizontally on a platform mounted on the arm of the centrifuge. Rotation of the centrifuge produced a radially outward acceleration of ±2G. The platform on which the dog was positioned was turned at each of 12 different rates while the centrifuge was rotating to produce sinusoidal, ±2G accelerations along the dog's z (spinal) axis. The platform rotation periods ranged from 125 sec. to 4.3 sec. The resulting changes in the dog's cardiovascular function were tested in 5 control dogs, in 5 dogs subject to complete cardiac denervation, and in 6 dogs whose hearts were paced at 120 bpm. The blood pressure fluctuations were smaller in the control animals than in the cardiac denervated subjects. Large increases and decreases in blood pressure in the denervated dogs at frequencies between ≈0.02-0.07 Hz were caused primarily be lack of well-timed changes in heart rate and in total peripheral resistance and by failure to minimize inappropriate changes in stroke volume. Fixing the heart rate by pacing significantly diminished the otherwise normal dog's ability to minimize acceleration-induced blood pressure changes. We concluded that (1) the regulation of blood pressure in the lowest frequency range (0.005-0.012 Hz) in neurally intact dogs was primarily by appropriately timed adjustments in total peripheral resistance and stroke volume: (2) reflex regulation of heart rate as important for minimizing blood pressure fluctuations within the range from 0.032-0.077 Hz; and (3) blood pressure oscillation at frequencies ＞0.1 Hz was minimized primarily by the low-pass filter characteristics of the cardiovascular system.
Antiemetic Effect of the Combination Treatment of Extracts of Capsicum and Gingers (2008)

Objective To study the cooperative antiemetic effects of extracts of capsicum and gingers in rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and respectively administrated with cisplatin,apomorphine,rotation,or distilled water as the control.The consumption of nonnutritive kaolin was recorded in rats.The antiemetic effect of combined capsicum with gingers was observed in the emetic animal model. Results The emetic behaviors of pica could be successfully induced by cisplatin(3 mg·kg-1,ip),apomorphine(3.2 mg·kg1,sc) and rotation(100 r·min-1,1 h).Cooperatively given extracts of capsicum and gingers in two groups could markedly inhibit kaolin intakes induced by cisplatin,apomorphine and rotation in a dose-dependent manner(P0.05). Conclusions The combination of extracts of capsicum and gingers showed an antiemetic effect in model rats,and gingers might decrease the gastrointestinal stimulus resulted from capsicum treatment alone.The mechanism may be the inhibitions of substance P 、5-HT3 acceptors and the vomiting center in central nervous system.
Eye-safe imaging and tracking laser scanner system for space applications (1996)

This paper discuses the development of a short wavelength infrared laser ranging scanner system at the Canadian Space Agency in cooperation with the National Research Council Canada. A laser source at 1.54 micrometers wavelength is chosen for its relatively eye-safe property. The scanner system is to be considered for use as a space vision system for applications such as robot vision, satellite acquisition and tracking and high resolution 3D imaging for inspection. As an active system, this laser scanner offers an important advantage over conventional vision systems by providing its own illumination and having no dependence on ambient lighting. While providing relatively eye-safe operation, the choice of IR wavelength also improves the background rejection of solar radiation, the latter being about 5.8 times lower than in the visible. The system possesses two modes of operation for making range measurements: triangulation for short distances (0.5 m to 20 m) and time- of-flight for greater range (10 m to beyond 1 km). A short pulse high repetition rate laser is required for time-of- flight measurements. For space applications, the laser must be compact, rugged and efficient while operating in the eye- safe spectrum (1.5 to 1.8 micrometers ). Currently, a YAG laser with an OPO is used to demonstrate the system's operation at 1.54 micrometers , but is too bulky for a space environment. Eventually it will be replaced with a more compact and efficient fiber laser currently being developed. This paper presents the results of the capabilities and performance of the scanner.
[Drug therapy for sleep apnea syndrome]. (2000)

The number of patients suffering from sleep apnea syndrome(SAS) have been increased. In recent years, many therapeutic approaches such as nasal CPAP, dental appliance, upper airway surgery, pharmacological agents, have been used for the treatment of SAS. The various drugs(acetazolamide, some tricyclic antidepressant, progesterone, theophylline, aminophylline and so on) have been used for pharmacotherapy of SAS. Acetazolamide have been established as the best medication. But all approaches without acetazolamide, could not shown their satisfactory effects on SAS. In this article, drug therapy for SAS is described.
Novel C5a Agonist-Based Dendritic Cell Vaccine in a Murine Model of Melanoma (2007)

A novel method to improve targeting and presentation of poorly immunogenic tumor-related antigens was investigated. This was performed with a molecular adjuvant constructed by covalently linking a response selective peptide agonist of C5a (YSFKDMP(MeL)aR) to known melanoma tumor-related antigens. C57Bl/6J mice were injected subcutaneously with bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with a melanoma epitope (TRP2-P2/Agonist), melanoma epitope tyrosinase (TYR/Agonist), a nonfunctional reverse conformation C5a agonist bound to TYR(reverse peptide) or DMSO-PBS vehicle. Mice were injected with the pulsed DCs and cytokines IL-2 and GMCSF three times prior to subcutaneous challenge with B16-F10 melanoma cells. All groups subsequently received DC vaccine boosters twice per week. Tumor growth was reduced and survival enhanced in mice immunized with the combination of TRP2-P2/Agonist and TYR/Agonist compared to mice receiving reverse peptide or vehicle.
Dendrobine, an antagonist of β‐alanine, taurine and of presynaptic inhibition in the frog spinal cord (1983)

1 The effects of dendrobine and nobiline, alkaloids isolated from Dendrobium nobile, on the electrical activity and on amino acid-induced depolarizations of primary afferent terminals were tested on the frog isolated spinal cord and were compared with those of picrotoxinin and strychnine. 2 Dendrobine (3 X 10(-5) M) caused a slight hyperpolarization in both dorsal and ventral roots and this hyperpolarization was accompanied by the augmentation of the dorsal root potential (DR-DRP) and the ventral root potential and reflex (DR-VRP and DR-VRR). The amplitude of the dorsal root reflex (DR-DRR) however, was reduced significantly. Nobiline (3 X 10(-5) M) had no significant effect on either the root potentials or the reflexes. 3 Dendrobine (3 X 10(-5) M) reduced the dorsal root potential induced by repetitive antidromic stimulation of ventral root (VR-DRP) as well as diminishing the maximum rate of rise of the dorsal root potential induced by the stimulation of adjacent dorsal roots (DR-DRP), during which time the amplitude of the DR-DRP was seen to be augmented. 4 Dendrobine (3 X 10(-5) M) reduced the beta-alanine- and taurine-induced depolarizations of primary afferent terminals, while having little effect upon GABA- and glycine-induced depolarizations. 5 Dendrobine (10(-5) M) reversibly blocked the presynaptic inhibition caused by antidromic conditioning stimulation of the ventral root. 6 These effects of dendrobine were qualitatively similar to those of strychnine but were somewhat different from those of picrotoxinin, a molecule having the same picrotoxane skeleton. 7 The present results are discussed with reference to the likely neurotransmitters involved in presynaptic inhibition in the frog spinal cord, and with respect to the structure-activity relationship of picrotoxane compounds as amino acid antagonists.
Rapid and accurate species identification for ecological studies and monitoring using CRISPR‐based SHERLOCK (2020)

One of the most fundamental aspects of ecological research and monitoring is accurate species identification, but cryptic speciation and observer error can confound phenotype-based identification. The CRISPR-Cas toolkit has facilitated remarkable advances in many scientific disciplines, but the fields of ecology and conservation biology have yet to fully embrace this powerful technology. The recently developed CRISPR-Cas13a platform SHERLOCK (Specific High-sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter unLOCKing) enables highly accurate taxonomic identification and has all the characteristics needed to transition to ecological and environmental disciplines. Here we conducted a series of "proof of principle" experiments to characterize SHERLOCK's ability to accurately, sensitively and rapidly distinguish three fish species of management interest co-occurring in the San Francisco Estuary that are easily misidentified in the field. We improved SHERLOCK's ease of field deployment by combining the previously demonstrated rapid isothermal amplification and CRISPR genetic identification with a minimally invasive and extraction-free DNA collection protocol, as well as the option of instrument-free lateral flow detection. This approach opens the door for redefining how, where and by whom genetic identifications occur in the future.
HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF CARVEDILOL IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION (2006)

Aim. To evaluate the influence of carvedilol (Talliton, Egis, Hungary) on daily profile of blood pressure (BP), anatomical and functional conditions of left ventricle (LV) and cerebral circulation in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), stage II-III. Material and methods. 30 patients (10 men, 20 women, average age 51,9±7,9 y.o.) with AH II-III stage ( RSSC,2004) and with initially affected daily profile of BP, cerebral circulation, anatomical and functional disorders of LV took carvedilol 25-75 mg/d during 6 months. Hemodynamics was estimated by ambulatory BP monitoring, Doppler Echocardiography, and ultrasound Dopplerography of extra cranial vessels. Results. A normalizing effect of carvedilol on abnormal daily profile of BP and cerebral circulation was determined. The treatment resulted in the regress of LV hypertrophy with predominant reduction of interventricular septum thickness and also the transformation of concentrical LV hypertrophy in excentrical one. Conclusion. Long-term therapy with carvedilol in patients with AH II-III stage provides a stable BP control and cardioprotective effect, improves cerebral circulation.
uPAR and HER-2 gene status in individual breast cancer cells from blood and tissues (2006)

Overexpression of urokinase plasminogen activator system or HER-2 (erbB-2) in breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis. HER-2 overexpression is caused by HER-2 gene amplification. The anti-HER-2 antibody trastuzumab significantly improves clinical outcome for HER2-positive breast cancer. Drugs that target the uPA system are in early clinical trials. The aims of this study were to determine whether urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) gene amplification occurs and whether analysis of individual tumor cells (TCs) in the blood or tissue can add information to conventional pathological analysis that could help in diagnosis and treatment. Analysis of individual TCs indicates that uPAR amplification occurs in a significant portion of primary breast cancers and also circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from patients with advanced disease. There was complete concordance between touch preps (TPs) and conventional pathological examination of HER-2 and uPAR gene status in primary tumors. There was also excellent concordance of HER-2 gene status between primary tumors and CTCs provided that acquisition of HER-2 gene amplification in CTCs was taken into account. Unexpectedly, gene amplification of HER-2 and uPAR occurred most frequently in the same TC and patient, suggesting a biological bias and potential advantage for coamplification. Expression of HER-2 and uPAR in primary tumors predicted gene status in 100 and 92% of patients, respectively.
Autoantibodies in Inner Ear Disease (1997)

The etiopathogenesis of many inner ear disorders still remains idiopathic. Immunological mechanisms are attracting attention in relation to a number of these diseases. Some cases are believed to be autoimmune in origin. The present study was conducted to determine whether patients with inner ear disorders produce antibodies that may be pathologic to the inner car or result from its damage. Sera from 100 patients with various inner ear disorders were tested for autoantibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence test. Inner ear tissue preparations from healthy guinea pigs were used as antigen substrates. Adequate tissue and serological controls were applied. Two groups of antibodies were detected; antibodies directed against the inner ear tissues (18%) and antibodies directed against different tissue/cellular elements (41%). A wide variety of inner ear antibodies were found, though no common type manifested itself. Meniere's disease was the most common clinical diagnosis in the antibody-positive group.
Are Alkyne Reductions Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselective Enough To Provide Pure (<i>Z</i>)-Olefins in Polyfunctionalized Bioactive Molecules? (2012)

International audience
BAP guidelines on the management of weight gain, metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular risk associated with psychosis and antipsychotic drug treatment (2016)

Excess deaths from cardiovascular disease are a major contributor to the significant reduction in life expectancy experienced by people with schizophrenia. Important risk factors in this are smoking, alcohol misuse, excessive weight gain and diabetes. Weight gain also reinforces service users' negative views of themselves and is a factor in poor adherence with treatment. Monitoring of relevant physical health risk factors is frequently inadequate, as is provision of interventions to modify these. These guidelines review issues surrounding monitoring of physical health risk factors and make recommendations about an appropriate approach. Overweight and obesity, partly driven by antipsychotic drug treatment, are important factors contributing to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in people with schizophrenia. There have been clinical trials of many interventions for people experiencing weight gain when taking antipsychotic medications but there is a lack of clear consensus regarding which may be appropriate in usual clinical practice. These guidelines review these trials and make recommendations regarding appropriate interventions. Interventions for smoking and alcohol misuse are reviewed, but more briefly as these are similar to those recommended for the general population. The management of impaired fasting glycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance ('pre-diabetes'), diabetes and other cardiovascular risks, such as dyslipidaemia, are also reviewed with respect to other currently available guidelines.These guidelines were compiled following a consensus meeting of experts involved in various aspects of these problems. They reviewed key areas of evidence and their clinical implications. Wider issues relating to primary care/secondary care interfaces are discussed but cannot be resolved within guidelines such as these.
BIM Applications of Rule-Based Checking in Construction Site Layout Planning Tasks (2016)

Site layout and logistics planning generally plays an important role for the successful execution of construction activities. The allocation of the right amount and size and the timely use of resources play critical roles. Compared to other industrial sectors the construction industry shows a lack of technological progress in site logistics and fabrication planning. The automotive or ship building industries, for example, have stringent production planning methods in place to the point that almost every step in the planning and manufacturing processes is supported by digital simulation and optimization. On the other hand, construction planning appears to remain a manual process slowly taking advantage of building information modeling (BIM) processes and techniques. Our work investigates automated rulebased checking in construction site layout planning tasks to simplify the existing manual processes. A gap analysis of the traditional site layout planning process is performed to identify key areas that are of high concern to practitioners. A rule-based checking algorithm for site layout planning embedded in a commercially-available BIM-platform was created and tested on specific cases in the site layout planning process of a realistic building. Promising results and a discussion to the existing limitations of rule-based checking approaches for site layout planning are presented. A short outlook towards future research gives a potential path forward in advanced construction site layout planning.
Absolute determination of the effect of scattering and fluorescence on x-ray attenuation measurements (2004)

We investigate the effect of x-ray scattering and fluorescence upon measurements of the x-ray mass attenuation coefficient. Measurements of scattering and fluorescence are obtained from a comparison of attenuation measurements using different sized apertures to admit varying amounts of the scattering and fluorescence into the detectors. The result of such a comparison is found to be in good agreement with a theoretical calculation of the fluorescent and scattered photons reaching the ion chambers and, under our experimental conditions, decreases the measured attenuation coefficients of silver by up to 0.2%.
Use of Electroporation To Generate a Thiobacillus neapolitanus Carboxysome Mutant (1995)

Two cloning vectors designed for use in Escherichia coli and the thiobacilli were constructed by combining a Thiobacillus intermedius plasmid replicon with a multicloning site, lacZ(prm1), and either a kanamycin or a streptomycin resistance gene. Conditions necessary for the introduction of DNA into T. intermedius and T. neapolitanus via electroporation were examined and optimized. By using optimal electroporation conditions, the gene encoding a carboxysome shell protein, csoS1A, was insertionally inactivated in T. neapolitanus. The mutant showed a reduced number of carboxysomes and an increased level of CO(inf2) necessary for growth.
3‘-<i>C</i>-Branched-Chain-Substituted Nucleosides and Nucleotides as Potent Inhibitors of <i>Mycobacterium </i><i>t</i><i>uberculosis </i>Thymidine Monophosphate Kinase (2003)

Thymidine monophosphate kinase (TMPK) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TMPKmt) represents an attractive target for blocking the bacterial DNA synthesis. In an attempt to find high-affinity inhibitors of TMPKmt, a cavity in the enzyme at the 3'-position was explored via the introduction of various substituents at the 3'-position of the thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) scaffold. Various 3'-C-branched chain substituted nucleotides in the 2'-deoxyribo (3-6) and ribo series (7, 8) were synthesized from one key intermediate (23). 2'-Deoxy analogues proved to be potent inhibitors of TMPKmt: 3'-CH(2)NH(2) (4), 3'-CH(2)N(3) (3), and 3'-CH(2)F (5) nucleotides exhibit the highest affinities within this series, with K(i) values of 10.5, 12, and 15 microM, respectively. These results show that TMPKmt tolerates the introduction of sterically demanding substituents at the 3'-position. Ribo analogues experience a significant affinity decrease, which is probably due to steric hindrance of Tyr103 in close vicinity of the 2'-position. Although the 5'-O-phosphorylated compounds have somewhat higher affinities for the enzyme, the parent nucleosides generally exhibit affinities for TMPKmt in the same order of magnitude and display a superior selectivity profile versus human TMPK. This series of inhibitors holds promise for the development of a new class of antituberculosis agents.