gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Products from furans. 4. Selective oxidation of 2-furfuryl alcohol derivatives, in the presence of aryl thioethers, with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). A new procedure for the preparation of 2H-pyran-3(6H)-ones (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProducts from furans. 4. Selective oxidation of 2-furfuryl alcohol derivatives, in the presence of aryl thioethers, with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). A new procedure for the preparation of 2H-pyran-3(6H)-onesElias A. Couladouros and Minas P. GeorgiadisCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 14, 2725–2727Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00364a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00364a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2130Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A response-regulator-like activator of antibiotic synthesis from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) with an amino-terminal domain that lacks a phosphorylation pocket (1998)

In Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), bldA mutants that lack the tRNA for the rare leucine codon UUA fail to make the red undecylprodigiosin antibiotic complex. To find out why, red-pigmented while bald (Pwb) derivatives of a bldA mutant were isolated. Using a cloning strategy that allowed for (and demonstrated) dominance of the mutations, they were localized to the red gene cluster. By using insert-mediated integration of a phi C31 phage-based vector, one of the Pwb mutations was more precisely located between red structural genes to a segment of approximately 1 kb about 4 kb from the known pathway-specific regulatory gene redD. The segment contained most of an ORF (redZ) encoding a protein (RedZ) with end-to-end similarity to response regulators of diverse function from a variety of bacteria. Remarkably, in RedZ hydrophobic residues replace nearly all of the charged residues that usually make up the phosphorylation pocket present in typical response regulators, including the aspartic acid residue that is normally phosphorylated by a cognate sensory protein kinase. A single TTA codon in redZ provided a potential explanation for the bldA-dependence of undecylprodigiosin synthesis. This codon was unchanged in three Pwb mutants, but further analysis of one of the mutants revealed a potential up-promoter mutation. It seems possible that a combination of low-level natural translation of the UUA codon by a charged non-cognate tRNA, coupled with increased transcription of redZ in the Pwb mutant allows the accumulation of a threshold level of the RedD protein.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ELECTRICAL SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS (ESPs) IN MAXIMIZING OIL RECOVERY (2012)

XI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED XII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XIV CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 ARTIFICIAL LIFTING 1 1.2 SHORT HISTORY OF ESP APPLICATION 4 1.3 ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS 5 CHAPTER TWO: THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM ANALYSIS 6 2.
Characterization of a Novel Gene Encoding a Putative Single Zinc-finger Protein,<i>ZIM</i>, Expressed during the Reproductive Phase in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2000)

By differential screening of an arrayed normalized cDNA library from the inflorescence apex in Arabidopsis, a cDNA clone having a deduced amino acid sequence with a motif for a zinc finger was isolated as one of the genes expressed specifically in the reproductive phase. The deduced protein has a modular structure with a putative single C2-C2 zinc-finger motif distantly related to a GATA-1-type finger, a basic region with a sequence resembling a nuclear localization signal, and an acidic region. The gene seemed to have been formed by the exon-shuffling during its molecular evolution, since individual domains are encoded by discrete exons. RNA gel blot analysis showed its expression in shoot apex and flowers in the reproductive phase. The gene was named ZIM for Zinc-finger protein expressed in Inflorescence Meristem. The nuclear localization of ZIM was detected using GFP as a reporter. These results suggest that ZIM is a putative transcription factor involved in inflorescence and flower development.
Raman Microscopy and Scanning Surface Potential Microscopy Analysis of Nanoscale Defects on Si Wafer Surfaces (2009)

Nanometer-scale defects on the surface of a Si wafer, fabricated by nanoindentation technique, were examined using Raman microscopy and scanning surface potential microscopy to determine the quantitative relation between surface potential shift and Raman shift. Formation of cracks has not observed at the defect sites, indicating that the plastic and elastic deformations were a major issue and that the residual stress from the plastic deformation was observed. The Raman peak of the array of defects formed by nanoindentation shifted to a lower wavenumber as the indentation force was increased. The results indicated that the amount of tensile strain increased with the indentation force, that is, tensile stress was dominant over the condition in the surrounded area, in the indentation-induced defects. Correspondingly, the surface potential of the defect arrays shifted to the negative direction with an increase in indentation force. These results suggest that the tensile stress at the defect site, indicated by the Raman shift, causes the negative shift in the surface potential, which is related to chemical reactivity. Furthermore, Raman shift of a single indent on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer was observed, which revealed an enhancement in the source-to-noise ratio of the Raman spectrum at the Si defect site, because the ratio of the volume of the defect site to that of the unstrained site increased due to the thin Si layer on the SOI wafer.
Tuning the Energy Level Offset between Donor and Acceptor with Ferroelectric Dipole Layers for Increased Efficiency in Bilayer Organic Photovoltaic Cells (2012)

Ultrathin ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (70%)-tetrafluoroethylene (30%) copolymer film is inserted between the poly3(hexylthiophene) (P3HT) donor and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methylester (PCBM) acceptor layers as the dipole layer to tune the relative energy levels, which can potentially maximize the open circuit voltage of bilayer organic solar cells. In this work, the power conversion efficiency of P3HT/PCBM bilayer solar cells is demonstrated to be doubled with the inserted dipoles.
METHOD FOR SEARCHING SEQUENTIAL PATTERNS OF USER&#x27;S BEHAVIOR ON THE INTERNET (2020)

One of the important tasks of data mining is to isolate patterns and detect related events insequential data based on the analysis of sequential patterns. The article examines the possibility ofusing sequential patterns to analyze the events of search and cognitive activity of users when interactingwith Internet resources of an open information and educational environment. Searchingfor sequential patterns is a complex computational task whose goal is to retrieve all frequent sequencesrepresenting potential relationships within elements from a transactional database ofsequences of search activity events with a given minimum support. To solve it, the article proposesa method for searching for patterns in sequences of events to detect hidden patterns that indicatepossible levels of vulnerability when performing information search tasks in the Internet space.A mathematical model of user behavior in a search session based on the theory of sequential patternsis described. To improve the computational efficiency of the method, a modified algorithmfor generating sequential patterns has been developed, at the first stage of which AprioriAll isperformed, which forms frequent candidate sequences of all possible lengths, and at the secondstage, a genetic algorithm for optimizing the input parameters of the feature space of the generatedset to search for maximum patterns. A series of computational experiments were carried out ontest data from the MSNBC corpus, the SPMF open source data mining library. The comparativeanalysis was carried out with the VMSP and GSP algorithms. The research results confirmed theefficiency of the search for maximum sequential patterns by the proposed algorithm in terms of theexecution time and the number of extracted patterns. The results of the experimental studies of themethod showed that to increase the stability and accuracy of the work, the sample size obtained asa result of the GA operation will reduce the required number of scans of the pattern database,providing acceptable computational costs comparable to the VMSP algorithm and the GSP algorithmthat exceeds the search time for sequential patterns. an average of more than 150 %.
Examination of Some Misconceptions about Near-Infrared Analysis (1995)

There are some recurrent misconceptions about near-infrared (near-IR or NIR) analysis and similar chemometric techniques that have resurfaced as this technology has become more popular and widely used. These misconceptions are that (1) near-IR can never perform better than the primary reference technique from which it was calibrated, (2) near-IR models that are linear in absorbance cannot account for nonlinear effects, and (3) bias and skew adjustments are purely mathematical manipulations without physical assumptions. This paper examines how these misconceptions arise and, using real and synthetic spectra and simulated noise, presents counter examples to them. This paper also shows how one can approximate a change of scale using bias and skew adjustments to the model and lists some conditions on a model's coefficient weights that make a model insensitive to small changes in spectrometer response.
Analysis and Design of Compact and Wide-Passband Planar Crossovers (2014)

Compact planar crossovers with a wide passband are proposed. By cascoding two quarter-wavelength branch-line couplers, a wide passband can be obtained. Moreover, the even-odd mode and the fourfold symmetry are adopted to derive the analytical equations. According to the derived formulas, the transmission lines' impedances Z <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , Z <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , and Z <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</sub> , which may influence the performance of the operating fractional bandwidth (FBW), should be properly selected. In terms of experimental verification, the circuit size of the fabricated crossover is 0.23λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> × 0.23λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> . Moreover, the FBW of the developed crossover is the 59% 1-dB insertion-loss relative bandwidth corresponds to the S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">31</sub> parameter, whereas the 55% 15-dB one refers to the S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</sub> parameter. In addition, four bandstop filters can be added at four ports of the proposed crossover to achieve a wide stopband performance.
Performance driven layout of thin-film substrates for multichip modules (1991)

The author addresses some of the problems encountered in propagating high-speed signals on lossy transmission lines of thin-film substrates for multichip modules. With the flexibility of rubber-band routing and the efficiency of a dynamic data representation based on constrained Delaunay triangulation, lossy and unterminated transmission lines can be generated that successfully propagate high speed signals. A substrate layout system, named SURF, is being developed for thin-film multichip module (MCM) substrate design.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
General practice observed. (1972)

Summary In this paper we describe the use of punched feature cards in a general practice for 18 months. Its advantages are the low cost, speed of information retrieval, visible statistics, computer compatibility, accuracy, confiden tiality, flexibility, and simplicity of setting up and collec tion of information. The system encourages the doctor to ask questions about his practice, and could readily be adopted in other practices.
Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Fish: Histologic Comparison of a UVB-Sensitive and a UVB-Tolerant Species (1997)

Lahontan cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki henshatvi were sensitive to simulated solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) and exhibited grossly visible signs of sunburn upon exposure. Razorback suckers Xyrauchen texanus, however, were tolerant to simulated solar UVB and showed no grossly visible signs of exposure. Cutthroat trout also had considerably less of an unidentified, possibly photoprotective, substance in the skin than did razorback suckers. In an attempt to characterize the cellular response to simulated solar UVB exposure in the skin of these two species, we examined sections from UVB-exposed fish by light and electron microscopy. Cutthroat trout showed grossly visible signs of sunburn by 48 h. Histologic observations included a sloughing of the mucous cells, necrosis and edema in the epidermis and dermis, and, in some cases, secondary fungal infections. Razorback suckers did not show any visible signs of sunburn during 72 h of experimental exposure. Histologic analyses revealed that cell necrosis had occurred, but the severe necrosis and sloughing noted in cutthroat trout was not observed. An increase in epidermal thickness, apparently due to hypertrophy and hyperplasia of large PAS-negative cells, occurred in the razorback suckers. These cells contained a large central region of low electron density and appeared to be club cells. In some, extensive interdigitation of the electron-lucent cytoplasm with adjacent epithelial cell margins occurred. Near the surface of the epidermis these cells were larger and the interface with epithelial cells lacked complex interdigitation. These cells may contain the substance that appears to protect razorback suckers against UV-B radiation.
Aromaticity and Other Conjugation Effects (2012)

CONJUGATED pi-SYSTEMS Linear Conjugated Polyenes Conjugated Oligoalkynes Conjugated Planar Monocyclic Systems Aromaticity Criteria Structures of Monocyclic (4n)pi and (4n+2)pi Annulenes Conjugated Polycyclic Planar pi Electron Systems Substituent Effects Conjugation in Two and Three Dimensions THROUGH-SPACE INTERACTION BETWEEN pi SYSTEMS Homoconjugation Transannular Effects Homoaromatic Systems Spiroconjugation DONOR-ACCEPTOR INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANAR ARENES Donor-Acceptor Complexes Structures of Benzene and Related Aromatics in the Solid State Interactions Between Molecules of Opposite Electric Quadrupole Moments Model Studies to Measure the Strength of Non-Covalent Interactions Between pi Systems in Organic Solvents Model Calculations on pi-pi Interactions Applications and Consequences of pi-pi Interactions of Arenes in Chemistry THROUGH-BOND INTERACTION BETWEEN pi SYSTEMS AND NON-BONDING ELECTRON PAIRS OF HETEROATOMS Theoretical Models Dehydroaromatics Through-Bond Interaction Between Non-Conjugated pi Systems Rationalization of Intramolecular Reactivity by Through-Bond Coupling HYPERCONJUGATIVE INTERACTIONS Concept of the Two-Electron/Two-Orbital Interactions Definition and Manifestation on Ground State Properties Positive Hyperconjugation (sigma-p, sigma-pi* and sigma-sigma* Interactions) Negative Hyperconjugation (n-sigma* and pi-sigma* Interactions) THEORETICAL METHODS Quantum Chemical Calculation Methods - An Overview Orbital Interactions Spectroscopic Methods for Detecting Conjugation Effects APPENDIX Character Tables for Selected Symmetry Groups Basic Equations for Nuclear Magnetic Shielding in Molecules Energy Conversion Table and Abbreviations
Local Motif Clustering on Time-Evolving Graphs (2020)

Graph motifs are subgraph patterns that occur in complex networks, which are of key importance for gaining deep insights into the structure and functionality of the graph. Motif clustering aims at finding clusters consisting of dense motif patterns. It is commonly used in various application domains, ranging from social networks to collaboration networks, from market-basket analysis to neuroscience applications. More recently, local clustering techniques have been proposed for motif-aware clustering, which focuses on a small neighborhood of the input seed node instead of the entire graph. However, most of these techniques are designed for static graphs and may render sub-optimal results when applied to large time-evolving graphs. To bridge this gap, in this paper, we propose a novel framework, Local Motif Clustering on Time-Evolving Graphs (L-MEGA), which provides the evolution pattern of the local motif cluster in an effective and efficient way. The core of L-MEGA is approximately tracking the temporal evolution of the local motif cluster via novel techniques such as edge filtering, motif push operation, and incremental sweep cut. Furthermore, we theoretically analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of these techniques on time-evolving graphs. Finally, we evaluate the L-MEGA framework via extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world temporal networks.
Transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring in infants and children (2009)

Transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring may be a useful adjunct in various clinical scenarios in infants and children. It should be viewed as a complimentary technology and may be used in combination with ET-CO2 monitoring.
A survey of intrusion detection systems for cloud computing environment (2016)

Cloud computing is a newly emerged technology, and the rapidly growing field of IT. It is used extensively to deliver Computing, data Storage services and other resources remotely over internet on a pay per usage model. Nowadays, it is the preferred choice of every IT organization because it extends its ability to meet the computing demands of its everyday operations, while providing scalability, mobility and flexibility with a low cost. However, the security and privacy is a major hurdle in its success and its wide adoption by organizations, and the reason that Chief Information Officers (CIOs) hesitate to move the data and applications from premises of organizations to the cloud. In fact, due to the distributed and open nature of the cloud, resources, applications, and data are vulnerable to intruders. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has become the most commonly used component of computer system security and compliance practices that defends network accessible Cloud resources and services from various kinds of threats and attacks. This paper presents an overview of different intrusions in cloud, various detection techniques used by IDS and the types of Cloud Computing based IDS. Then, we analyze some pertinent existing cloud based intrusion detection systems with respect to their various types, positioning, detection time and data source. The analysis also gives strengths of each system, and limitations, in order to evaluate whether they carry out the security requirements of cloud computing environment or not. We highlight the deployment of IDS that uses multiple detection approaches to deal with security challenges in cloud.
Human host response to <i>Giardia lamblia</i>. I. Spontaneous killing by mononuclear leukocytes <i>in vitro</i>. (1982)

To understand host resistance to Giardia lamblia infection, we investigated the capacity of human peripheral blood effector cells to kill G. lamblia trophozoites. Peripheral blood was obtained from 12 healthy, uninfected individuals without detectable IgG anti-G. lamblia antibody or known exposure to G. lamblia. Isolated mononuclear leukocytes (MNL), granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes were cultured 16 hr with G. lamblia that had been pulsed with (3H)TdR while in log growth. MNL from all 12 individuals were spontaneously cytotoxic for G. lamblia. Specific cytotoxicity ranged from 13% at an E:T of 3:1 to 56% at an E:T of 100:1. Release of 3H directly correlated with a decrease in viable G. lamblia. In contrast to the uniform cytotoxicity by mononuclear cells, granulocytes and lymphocytes had no spontaneous cytotoxic activity for G. lamblia. MNL depleted of phagocytic or adherent cells lost all cytotoxic activity. Also, G. lamblia induced nonspecific MNL cytotoxicity to unrelated target cells. Finally, cytotoxicity against G. lamblia could be inhibited by adding unlabeled Trichomonas vaginalis, suggesting that this may be a more general mechanism of host defense against extracellular protozoa. We conclude that human peripheral blood monocytes-macrophages are spontaneously cytotoxic for G. lamblia and that this may be a major mechanism of host defense against this parasite.
Corosolic Acid Isolated from the Fruit of<i>Crataegus pinnatifida</i>var.<i>psilosa</i>is a Protein Kinase C Inhibitor as well as a Cytotoxic Agent (1998)

Corosolic acid isolated from the fruit of Cratoegus pinnatifida var. psilosa was tested for anticancer activity. Corosolic acid displayed about the same potent cytotoxic activity as ursolic acid against several human cancer cell lines. In addition, the compound displayed antagonistic activity against the phorbol ester-induced morphological modification of K-562 leukemic cells, indicating the suppression of protein kinase C (PKC) activity by the cytotoxic compound. The compound showed PKC inhibition with dose-dependent pattern in an in vitro PKC assay.
THE USE OF AN INLYING PLASTIC CONDUIT FOR CHRONIC PERITONEAL IRRIGATION (1962)

Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs: April 1962 - Volume 8 - Issue 1 - p 252-255
0.1- mu m gate-length superconducting FET (1989)

A superconducting field-effect transistors (FET) with a 0.1- mu m-length gate electrode was fabricated and tested at liquid-helium temperature. Two superconducting electrodes (source and drain) were formed on the same Si substrate surface with an oxide-insulated gate electrode by a self-aligned fabrication process. Superconducting current flowing through the semiconductor (Si) between the two superconducting electrodes (Nb) was controlled by a gate-bias voltage.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>