gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The automated multiparameter analyzer for cells (AMAC) IIA, a true bridge circuit Coulter-type electronic cell volume transducer. (1979)

A true bridge Coulter effect (electronic cell volume) transducer has been developed. All resistances of this bridge are now the result of current flow through saline channels. Contamination by electrode products including gas bubbles has been completely eliminated since both power electrodes are now remote from the flow chamber. Since the orifice is in series with an approximately 10 K ohm resistance generated by a gel-filled capillary and a displacement rheostat, it floats electrically, at virtual ground. The other side of the bridge consists of a fluid side-wire. Removing the power electrode from the orifice outlet makes possible downward flow and the use of a single outer sheath, and eliminates noise generated by gas bubbles which could possibly be trapped. It should now be possible to combine this design with that of the AMAC III square orifice, to produce an electro-optical sorter where all parameters are measured simultaneously. This true bridge circuit possesses the further advantage that noise due both to the power supply and to overvoltage at the power electrodes is common-mode rejected, and any drift due to changes in electrode polarization is eliminated. Preliminary experiments confirm results with the AMAC II that hemoglobinopathies can be recognized by the increased coefficient of variation (CV) of the erythrocyte spectra.
Single-Molecule Fluorescence Photoswitching of a Diarylethene−Perylenebisimide Dyad: Non-destructive Fluorescence Readout (2011)

Single-molecule fluorescence photoswitching plays an essential role in ultrahigh-density (Tbits/inch(2)) optical memories and super-high-resolution fluorescence imaging. Although several fluorescent photochromic molecules and fluorescent proteins have been applied, so far, to optical memories and super-high-resolution imaging, their performance is unsatisfactory because of the absence of "non-destructive fluorescence readout capability". Here we report on a new molecular design principle of a molecule having non-destructive readout capability. The molecule is composed of acceptor photochromic diarylethene and donor fluorescent perylenebisimide units. The fluorescence is reversibly quenched when the diarylethene unit converts between the open- and the closed-ring isomers upon irradiation with visible and UV light. The fluorescence quenching is based on an electron transfer from the donor to the acceptor units. The fluorescence photoswitching and non-destructive readout capability were demonstrated in solution (an ensemble state) and at the single-molecule level. Femtosecond time-resolved transient and fluorescent lifetime measurements confirmed that the fluorescence quenching is attributed to the intramolecular electron transfer.
Influence of janusin and tenascin on growth cone behavior in vitro (1993)

Janusin and tenascin are glia-derived, structurally related, extracellular matrix glycoproteins of the J1 family that are expressed in vivo at times and in locations where active neurite outgrowth occurs, but also when the formation or stabilization of cytoarchitectonic boundaries appears to be in operation. To resolve this apparent functional dichotomy, we have studied the behavioral response of growth cones, growing in culture on the permissive substrate laminin to janusin and tenascin, by video time lapse microscopy. When janusin and tenascin were offered as sharp substrate boundaries, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and retinal ganglion neuron growth cones avoided growing on these molecules, but were not induced to collapse. On the other hand, when janusin and tenascin were offered, in a mixture with laminin, as uniform substrates, DRG growth cones displayed a collapsed morphology and were able to advance at a faster rate than on laminin alone. In contrast, the outgrowth of retinal ganglion neuron growth cones was completely inhibited under these conditions, underscoring a cell type specificity in the response of growth cones to these molecules. Using several monoclonal antibodies binding to distinct epitopes on the tenascin molecule, we have identified two domains responsible for growth cone repulsion, on epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats 3-5 and fibronectin type III homologous repeats 4 and 5. These domains are different from the one previously recognized to be involved in neurite outgrowth on a uniform tenascin substrate. We conclude that both molecules may promote or retard growth cone advance, depending on the spatial expression pattern and the neuronal cell type.
Crystal structure of the high-affinity Na <sup>+</sup> ,K <sup>+</sup> -ATPase–ouabain complex with Mg <sup>2+</sup> bound in the cation binding site (2013)

The Na(+),K(+)-ATPase maintains electrochemical gradients for Na(+) and K(+) that are critical for animal cells. Cardiotonic steroids (CTSs), widely used in the clinic and recently assigned a role as endogenous regulators of intracellular processes, are highly specific inhibitors of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. Here we describe a crystal structure of the phosphorylated pig kidney Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in complex with the CTS representative ouabain, extending to 3.4 Å resolution. The structure provides key details on CTS binding, revealing an extensive hydrogen bonding network formed by the β-surface of the steroid core of ouabain and the side chains of αM1, αM2, and αM6. Furthermore, the structure reveals that cation transport site II is occupied by Mg(2+), and crystallographic studies indicate that Rb(+) and Mn(2+), but not Na(+), bind to this site. Comparison with the low-affinity [K2]E2-MgF(x)-ouabain structure [Ogawa et al. (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106(33):13742-13747) shows that the CTS binding pocket of [Mg]E2P allows deep ouabain binding with possible long-range interactions between its polarized five-membered lactone ring and the Mg(2+). K(+) binding at the same site unwinds a turn of αM4, dragging residues Ile318-Val325 toward the cation site and thereby hindering deep ouabain binding. Thus, the structural data establish a basis for the interpretation of the biochemical evidence pointing at direct K(+)-Mg(2+) competition and explain the well-known antagonistic effect of K(+) on CTS binding.
Rat oocyte maturation <i>in vitro</i> : Relief of cyclic AMP inhibition by gonadotropins (1978)

The hormone-independent, spontaneous maturation that rat oocytes undergo in vitro can be inhibited by derivatives of cyclic AMP and inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. In this study, we have shown that this inhibition of maturation can be partially relieved by preparations of ovine and rat luteinizing hormone or follicle-stimulating hormone. The ability of gonadotropins to foster the resumption of maturation in cultures of cyclic AMP-inhibited oocytes suggests that this system is suitable for studies of the hormonal control of oocyte development. The dose and time dependency of the response to gonadotropins has been examined in order to study the role of these hormones in oocyte maturation and to compare this effect to other known responses of the cumulus-oocyte complex. These studies show that highly purified preparations of rat gonadotropins are less effective inducers of maturation than the more commonly used, but considerably less purified, preparations of ovine gonadotropins. Almost complete relief of inhibition is observed, however, when the oocytes are exposed to a combination of rat luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. Oocyte maturation was not influenced by the sex steroids progesterone or 17beta-estradiol. Our results suggest that: (i) cyclic AMP is involved in the intrafollicular inhibition of oocyte maturation; (ii) both gonadotropins are required for maximal stimulation of the resumption of oocyte meiosis; and (iii) steroids are not involved in this response to gonadotropins.
Microprocessor Control Brings About Better Fuel Economy with Good Drivability (1980)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A microcomputer control system for managing the automotive engine’s air-fuel ratio, spark ignition timing, exhaust gas recirculation and idle speed has been developed and is marketed in Japan under the name of ECCS.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">By installing this system in a 1,500 kg vehicle’s 6 cylinder 2.8 liter engine, the four factors listed above have been controlled so precisely that their optimum relative calibration has been realized.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">As a result, fuel economy has been improved by 10% while good drivability has been maintained.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper outlines ECCS and describes how control factors in a “steady state” are determined. It also discusses the control sequence in transient conditions, such as “cold” starts, “hot” restarts, clutch engagement, acceleration, deceleration, gearshifts and the “warm-up” process.</div>
EXPRESSION OF CTLA4-Ig BY BIOLISTICALLY TRANSFECTED MOUSE ISLETS PROMOTES ISLET ALLOGRAFT SURVIVAL1 (1997)

Transfection of allogeneic mouse islets with human CTLA4-Ig results in prolonged allograft survival. Although on histology mononuclear cells are present in the area of the transfected graft, they do not appear to infiltrate or destroy the islet graft.
REMOVAL OF DDT AND ITS METABOLITES FROM FISH OILS BY MOLECULAR DISTILLATION (1973)

The distribution of DDT and its metabolities in cod liver oil and some other marine oils are reported. Cod liver oil showed an average content of (1.50 ± 0.31) mg DDT/kg. Dogfish liver oil contained 2.44 mg DDT/kg, and body oil from capelin, herring and mackerel, showed 0.40, 0.31 and 0.45 mg/kg, respectively. A whale oil showed a content of 1.33 mg DDT/kg. Stripping of a cod liver oil by molecular distillation is reported. When the removal of DDT is seen in relation to the losses of vitamin A, a run at a temperature of 170°C seemed to give optimum conditions. At this temperature 65% DDT was removed with a loss of about 25% vitamin A.
An Evaluation of a Borided Layer Formed on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Means of SMAT and Low-Temperature Boriding (2016)

In this paper, a nanocrystalline surface layer without impurities was fabricated on Ti-6Al-4V alloy by means of surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). The grain size in the nanocrystalline layer is about 10 nm and grain morphology displays a random crystallographic orientation distribution. Subsequently, the low-temperature boriding behaviors (at 600 °C) of the SMAT sample, including the phase composition, microstructure, micro-hardness, and brittleness, were investigated in comparison with those of coarse-grained sample borided at 1100 °C. The results showed that the boriding kinetics could be significantly enhanced by SMAT, resulting in the formation of a nano-structured boride layers on Ti-6Al-4V alloy at lower temperature. Compared to the coarse-grained boriding sample, the SMAT boriding sample exhibits a similar hardness value, but improved surface toughness. The satisfactory surface toughness may be attributed to the boriding treatment that was carried out at lower temperature.
Applying Grid Technologies to XML Based OLAP Cube Construction (2003)

1 Introduction The contents of OLAP databases are typically collected from other data repos-itories, such as operational databases. For a well-defined and targeted system, where the information needs are well-known, it may be straightforward to collectthe right data at the right time. However, this collection process can be time consuming. Further, there is constantly more and more data generally available,
Online Resource Allocation for Arbitrary User Mobility in Distributed Edge Clouds (2017)

As clouds move to the network edge to facilitate mobile applications, edge cloud providers are facing new challenges on resource allocation. As users may move and resource prices may vary arbitrarily, %and service delays are heterogeneous, resources in edge clouds must be allocated and adapted continuously in order to accommodate such dynamics. In this paper, we first formulate this problem with a comprehensive model that captures the key challenges, then introduce a gap-preserving transformation of the problem, and propose a novel online algorithm that optimally solves a series of subproblems with a carefully designed logarithmic objective, finally producing feasible solutions for edge cloud resource allocation over time. We further prove via rigorous analysis that our online algorithm can provide a parameterized competitive ratio, without requiring any a priori knowledge on either the resource price or the user mobility. Through extensive experiments with both real-world and synthetic data, we further confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. We show that the proposed algorithm achieves near-optimal results with an empirical competitive ratio of about 1.1, reduces the total cost by up to 4x compared to static approaches, and outperforms the online greedy one-shot optimizations by up to 70%.
USE OF MULTIPLE DISPLACEMENT AMPLIFICATION TO INCREASE THE DETECTION AND GENOTYPING OF TRYPANOSOMA SPECIES SAMPLES IMMOBILIZED ON FTA FILTERS (2007)

Whole genome amplification methods are a recently developed tool for amplifying DNA from limited template. We report its application in trypanosome infections, characterized by low parasitemias. Multiple displacement amplification (MDA) amplifies DNA with a simple in vitro step and was evaluated on mouse blood samples on FTA filter cards with known numbers of Trypanosoma brucei parasites. The data showed a 20-fold increase in the number of PCRs possible per sample, using primers diagnostic for the multicopy ribosomal ITS region or 177-bp repeats, and a 20-fold increase in sensitivity over nested PCR against a single-copy microsatellite. Using MDA for microsatellite genotyping caused allele dropout at low DNA concentrations, which was overcome by pooling multiple MDA reactions. The validity of using MDA was established with samples from Human African Trypanosomiasis patients. The use of MDA allows maximal use of finite DNA samples and may prove a valuable tool in studies where multiple reactions are necessary, such as population genetic analyses.
Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety amongst Cancer Patients in a Hospital Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study (2016)

<i>Background</i>. The biomedical care for cancer has not been complemented by psychosocial progressions in cancer care. <i>Objectives</i>. To find the prevalence of anxiety and depression amongst cancer patients in a hospital setting. <i>Design and Setting</i>. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the tertiary care hospitals Shifa International Hospital Islamabad and Nuclear Medicine, Oncology, and Radiotherapy Institute [NORI]. <i>Patients and Methods</i>. 300 patients were interviewed from both the outpatient and inpatient department using The Aga Khan University Anxiety and Depression Scale (AKUADS). <i>Main Outcome Measures</i>. Using a score of 20 and above on the AKUADS, 146 (48.7%) patients were suffering from anxiety and depression. <i>Results</i>. When cross tabulation was done between different factors and the cancer patients with anxiety and depression, the following factors were found out to be significant with associated <i>p</i> value < 0.05: education of the patient, presence of cancer in the family, the severity of pain, and the patient's awareness of his anxiety and depression. Out of 143 (47.7%) uneducated patients, 85 (59.4%) were depressed, hence making it the highest educational category suffering from depression and anxiety. <i>Conclusion</i>. The prevalence of anxiety and depression amongst cancer patients was high showing that importance should be given to screening and counseling cancer patients for anxiety and depression, to help them cope with cancer as a disease and its impact on their mental wellbeing. <i>Limitations</i>. The frequency of female patients in our research was higher than those of male patients.
A Dynamic Virtual Networks Solution for Cloud Computing (2012)

The extensive use of virtualization technologies in Cloud environments has created the need for a new network access layer, due to requirements on networking for which traditional models are not well suited. For example, hundreds of users issuing Cloud requests for which full, privileged access to Virtual Machines (VMs) is requested, typically require the definition of network separation at layer 2 through the use of virtual LANs (VLANs). However, in large computing centers, due e.g. to the number of installed network switches, to their characteristics, to their heterogeneity, or to management policies, the dynamic or even static definition of many VLANs is often impractical or simply not possible. We present a solution called DVN (for Dynamic Virtual Networks) to the problem of dynamic virtual networking based on the use of the Generic Routing Encapsulation protocol (GRE). GRE is used to encapsulate VM traffic so that the configuration of the physical network layer does not need to change. In particular, we describe how DVN can be used to address problems such as scalable dynamic network isolation, mobility of VMs across hosts, and interconnection of geographically distributed resource centers. We also describe how DVN is being implemented in a production software framework providing and interconnecting Cloud and Grid resources.
Plastic Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (2009)

This paper investigates the fabrication of substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) using hard thermoplastic polymers in conjunction with sputtering and electroless deposition of a thin Au or Ag film. In contrast to silicon or glass, plastic materials promote the replication of nanoscale structures over large areas in a rapid and cost-effective manner using molding or embossing techniques. However, synthetic polymers are Raman-active compounds, providing a source of interference with signals arising from reporter molecules that may be used for SERS detection. Moreover, most plastics melt and undergo degradation when exposed to a focused laser beam, resulting in irreversible loss of the SERS-active metal features in the detection area. We address these issues and show that proper decoration of the plastic surface with a metal overlayer can suppress Raman background signal of the polymer substrate, as well as any adverse effect arising from laser illumination.
A novel track initialization algorithm based on random sample consensus in dense clutter (2018)

Track initialization in dense clutter environments is an important topic and still a challenging task. Most traditional track initialization techniques firstly consider all possible associated measurement combinations and select the optimal one as an initialized track. Therefore, dense clutter brings great challenges to traditional algorithms. Random sample consensus algorithm, which is different from traditional algorithms, starts from minimum measurements. It samples randomly minimum measurements to establish hypotheses and verifies them through remaining measurements. However, the randomness of sampling influences algorithm performance, especially in dense clutter. A novel track initialization based on random sample consensus, named density-based random sample consensus algorithm, is proposed. It utilizes the fact that sequential measurements originating from the same target are contiguous while clutter is separated in space–time domain. The algorithm defines the density property of measurements to decrease the randomness in sampling procedure and increase the efficiency of track initialization. The experimental results show that the density-based random sample consensus is more superior to random sample consensus, the Hough transform algorithm, and logic-based algorithm.
Changes of Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen before and After Transurethral Vaporization of Prostate for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (1999)

We conducted this prospective study in order to assess the effect of transurethral vaporization of the prostate(TUVP) on the serum level of prostate-specific antigen(PSA). Thirty patients (average age: 70.5 yr, range: 62-80) with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and negative rectal examination for hard nodule were included for evaluation. Transrectal ultra-sonography(TRUS) and serum PSA were checked in every patient before surgery. Biopsy was done if PSA was greater than 10 ng/ml or f suspicious lesion was detected by TRUS. Serum PSA in the morning(ELISA PSA II method-monoclonal antibody) was checked before TUVP, and at 20 h, 2, and 4 weeks after TUVP.
Serum PSA values(mean±SD) were 5.3±4.2, 20.5±9.1, 5.1±3.1, and 3.6±2. 3 ng/ml, respect-tively. Estimated prostate weights were 33.8±14.0g. PSA was elevated 3.85 times at 20 h after TUVP and then decreased gradually after that. Of the 30 patients, the PSA level returned to less than pre-operative level 2 wk after surgery in 10 cases (33.3%), and 4 weeks after surgery in the other 26 cases (86.7%). PSA level at 20 h after TUVP correlated well with the estimated weight of the prostate(by TRUS) and preoperative PSA status (r=0.83 and 0.82, respectively, p＜0.05).
Serum PSA increased significantly at 20 h after TUVP then decreased gradually. The degree of postoperative PSA increase was higher for larger prostates and for patients with higher preoperative PSA levels. We recommend that checking serum PSA is preferably done at least 4 wk after TUVP to avoid influence from the surgical procedure.
A methodology for speciation of methyltins in mammalian tissues. (1983)

Exposure to methyltin compounds results in morphologically detectable damage to several mammalian organ systems. Although reliable dose-response relationships have been described, a fast method for quantitating levels of various methyltin species in target organs has been unavailable. It has been possible to measure organotins as total tin using atomic absorption spectrometry, but speciation of methyltins has proved difficult. We present a rapid method for quantitative analysis and speciation of methyltins, direct from mammalian tissues. Methyltin compounds (monomethyltin trichloride, dimethyltin dichloride, trimethyltin chloride, and tetramethyltin) are purged from freshly homogenized mouse kidney and brain tissues using NaBH4. The volatile organotin hydrides produced are cryogenically trapped on the head of a gas chromatographic column (at -40 degrees C) and eluted using a linear temperature program (15 degrees C/min to 190 degrees C). The compounds are detected using selected ion monitoring in a Hewlett Packard 5985-B mass spectrometer. Quantitation is achieved by integration of the areas of the chromatographic peaks. Linear response is obtained over the range of 1 ng to 30 micrograms for each compound. Recoveries of methyltins spiked into tissues are greater than 85%.
Quality control in assay of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. (1980)

Journal Article Quality control in assay of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Get access W Hohenwallner, W Hohenwallner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R Sommer, R Sommer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E Wimmer, E Wimmer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G V Tschurtschenthaler G V Tschurtschenthaler Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 26, Issue 1, 1 January 1980, Pages 177–178, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/26.1.177 Published: 01 January 1980
Enterprise Resource Planning and Integration (2005)

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a state-of-the-art approach to running organizations with the help of comprehensive information systems, providing support for key business processes and more general, for electronic business (e-business). ERP has evolved from earlier approaches, in particular, materials requirement planning (MRP) and manufacturing resource planning (called MRP II) in the 1980s.