gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ion-implanted extrinsic Ge photodetectors with extended cutoff wavelength (1991)

Far-infrared properties of a two-layer structure consisting of an ion-implantation doped layer on a thin ultrapure slice of germanium have been studied. Photoresponse extends beyond the shallow impurity absorption edge at 120 μm to about 192 μm. Photoconductivity studies have been performed between 4.2 and 1.3 K. Detectors with an area of 1×1 mm2 have dark currents of less than 100 electrons/s at temperatures ≤1.3 K at a bias of 70 mV. A responsivity of 0.9 A/W and a noise equivalent power of 5×10−16 W/Hz1/2 have been measured using photons in a narrow band 99±0.5 μm.
Realization of resistively matched three‐ports and the suppression of multiple reflections traveling on branched transmission lines (1991)

Abstract In the mutual interconnects between the printed transmission lines containing highspeed logic devices, impedance mismatch causes multiple reflections of the pulse waveform so that false triggerings of logic device occur. This paper describes suppression of multiple reflections on a three‐port single‐branched transmission line which divides a signal into two directions. First, a resistively matched three‐port is proposed in which all the ports are matched to arbitrary loads. Its realization by the scattering matrix is shown. If negative branching resistors are included, this circuit can always be realized, although a negative resistor is not easily conceived. Hence, the range of the load resistance is found which is realizable with a nonnegative branching resistor. This range is shown graphically. Next, three transmission lines with arbitrary characteristic impedances are connected to the resistively matched three‐port. This is used as a three‐port, single‐branched transmission line. This circuit supports an ideal condition in which a signal is sent out to the output side without reduction of the amplitude level and without causing any multiple reflection for an incident voltage wave. However, this ideal condition has two cases: one requiring a negative branching resistor, and another requiring an infinite characteristic impedance. Neither can be realized easily. Hence, realizable element values closest to the ideal condition are selected for which the multiple reflection is studied. In comparison with the case without a resistive matched three‐port, the effectiveness of suppression of the multiple reflection is superior if the latter is used.
Materials aspects of implantable cardiac pacemaker leads. (1988)

The reliability of the leads of the entire pacemaker system is vital as the risks of failure include: (1) loss of pacing due to the deterioration of the polymeric insulator in the physiological environment; (2) thromboembolism due to inadequate blood compatibility of the insulator; (3) tissue reactions at the electrode/tissue interface; (4) general foreign body rejection phenomena; (5) perforation of the leads; and (6) excessive stress applied by sutures causing abrasion and stress cracking. Although silicone has been used widely, some years ago Pellethane (a segmented polyetherurethane-urea) has been introduced as an alternate lead insulator, chiefly because it can be extruded using additives into smooth and thin tubes. The additives (antioxidants), extrusion aids, and low molecular weight polymer chains (oligomers) together represent up to approximately 8% by weight of leachables, depending on the extraction medium. The in vivo degradation of Pellethane is biologic in nature and is most likely associated with the absorption and premeation of body fluids from the surrounding physiologic environment leading to stress cracking via the formation of microvoids. Thermally and biologically unstable biuret and allophonate groups in this polyurethane, exposure of the polymer to high extrusion temperatures, and stresses created within the polymer also play key roles in the degradation process. In the case of electrodes, some corrosion can occur even with noble metals and ions formed with the involvement of penetrating body fluids which may combine with the urethane and/or urea groups of the polyurethane, leading to its further degradation in vivo. The totality of the situation indicates a need for the development of a standard guideline for the uniform and consistent pre-clinical testing and evaluation of new materials and fabrication processes of implantable pacemaker leads. Such guidelines should take into consideration, among others, the physiological environment, species-differences between test animals and humans, and observe reliable statistical interpretations based on sufficient data.
Formation and energy transfer property of a subphthalocyanine–porphyrin complex held by host–guest interactions (2010)

A stable 2 : 1 host-guest complex is formed between a beta-cyclodextrin-conjugated subphthalocyanine and a tetrasulfonated porphyrin in water. The complex exhibits an energy transfer property from the excited subphthalocyanine to the porphyrin core with an excitation energy transfer quantum yield of 0.38.
Resveratrol overcomes gefitinib resistance by increasing the intracellular gefitinib concentration and triggering apoptosis, autophagy and senescence in PC9/G NSCLC cells (2015)

Gefitinib (Gef) provides clinical benefits to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating EGFR mutations. However, acquired resistance (AR) is a major obstacle to effective Gef therapy. This study demonstrated that resveratrol (Res) could synergize with Gef to inhibit the proliferation of Gef-resistant NSCLC cells. The underlying mechanisms of synergism were investigated, and the results showed that cotreatment with Gef and Res could inhibit EGFR phosphorylation by increasing intracellular Gef accumulation through the impairment of Gef elimination from PC9/G cells. Consistently, CYP1A1 and ABCG2 expression were inhibited. Meanwhile, the cotreatment significantly induced cell apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and senescence accompanied by increased expression of cleaved caspase-3, LC3B-II, p53 and p21. Further studies revealed that autophagy inhibition enhanced apoptosis and abrogated senescence while apoptosis inhibition had no notable effect on cell autophagy and senescence during cotreatment with Gef and Res. These results indicated that in addition to apoptosis, senescence promoted by autophagy contributes to the antiproliferation effect of combined Gef and Res on PC9/G cells. In conclusion, combined treatment with Gef and Res may represent a rational strategy to overcome AR in NSCLC cells.
Triggering mechanism for constraints solving in constraint-based geometric modeling system (2003)

Symbolic and numerical techniques are coupled together in a proposed geometric modeling system. The geometric modeling system is based on geometrical constraints. It is unnecessary to give constraints in the correct order and the ability of replacing incorrect constraints with their inverse constraints exists in the system itself. A new structure, a biconnected constraint description graph, is used. A triggering mechanism for controlling of the constraint propagation is developed for this structure. An algorithm for converting the biconnected constraint description graph into an acyclic constraint description graph is outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chatbots for customer service (2019)

Companies are increasingly using chatbots to provide customer service. Despite this trend, little in-depth research has been conducted on user experience and user motivation for this important application area of conversational interfaces. To close this research gap, we interviewed 24 users of two chatbots for customer service. Our results demonstrate the importance of such chatbots to efficiently provide adequate answers in response to simple enquiries. However, our results also show that the occasional lack of adequate answers does not necessarily produce a bad experience, as long as the chatbot offers an easy path for follow-up with human customer service representatives. In contrast to what is suggested in the existing literature on users' perceptions of conversational agents, this study's participants demonstrated realistic expectations of the chatbots' capabilities. Furthermore, we found that the human likeness of chatbots for customer service, while potentially of some relevance for user experience, is dwarfed in importance compared to such chatbots' ability to efficiently and adequately handle enquiries. As such, our findings serve to complement and extend current knowledge. On the basis of our findings, we suggest implications for theory and practice and point out avenues for future research.
Secondary sensitivities and stability of ultrasensitive silicon pressure sensors (1990)

Experimental results on the characterization of secondary effects in boron-doped silicon membranes are presented. Capacitive pressure sensors were fabricated with and without a variety of dielectrics on the diaphragms and were tested over pressure and temperature. The temperature coefficient of sensitivity (TCS) and zero pressure temperature coefficient of offset (TCO) were found to be as much as an order of magnitude higher than previously reported values; this is due to the strong dependence of pressure sensitivity on internal stress and the large mismatches in thermal expansion coefficients between silicon and dielectrics. Creep and fatigue affected the offset by <0.2% full scale, and the change in pressure sensitivity was insignificant; hysteresis observed on all devices was also <0.2% full scale. The results indicate that it may be possible to extend the pressure range by an order of magnitude, which would increase the resolution from 10 to 16 b.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Isolation of a human monoclonal antibody specific for the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 using a competitive phage biopanning strategy (2020)

The infection of the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused more than 200 000 deaths, but no vaccine or therapeutic monoclonal antibody is currently available. SARS-CoV-2 relies on its spike protein, in particular the receptor-binding domain (RBD), to bind human cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for viral entry, and thus targeting RBD holds the promise for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this work, a competitive biopanning strategy of a phage display antibody library was applied to screen blocking antibodies against RBD. High-affinity antibodies were enriched after the first round using a standard panning process in which RBD-His was immobilized as a bait. At the next two rounds, immobilized ACE2-Fc and free RBD-His were mixed with the enriched phage antibodies. Antibodies binding to RBD at epitopes different from ACE2-binding site were captured by the immobilized ACE2-Fc, forming a "sandwich" complex. Only antibodies competed with ACE2 can bind to the free RBD-His in the supernatant and be subsequently separated by the nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid magnetic beads. rRBD-15 from the competitive biopanning of our synthetic antibody library, Lib AB1, was produced as the full-length IgG1 format. It was proved to competitively block the binding of RBD to ACE2 and potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 12 nM. Nevertheless, rRBD-16 from the standard biopanning can only bind to RBD <i>in vitro</i>, but not have the blocking or neutralization activity. Our strategy can efficiently isolate the blocking antibodies of RBD, and it would speed up the discovery of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
THE EFFECTS OF ALTERED ARTERIAL TENSIONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND OXYGEN ON CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND CEREBRAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF NORMAL YOUNG MEN 1 (1948)

T. L. 49.4 51.7 55.7 57.2 42 47 53 54 15.7 15.0 9.6 10.7 7.38 7.36 7.33 7.33 R.Ro. 47.3 50.7 55.1 55.0 41 48 53 56 16.5 16.6 9.6 11.4 7.38 7.34 7.32 7.30 W. S. 51.5 53.2 57.1 57.4 48 54 60 60 16.5 16.8 10.7 12.7 7.35 7.31 7.29 7.28 D. M. 48.3 50.4 54.6 55.1 41 46 50 51 18.6 18.5 12.6 14.0 7.40 7.36 7.35 7.33 R. S. 48.5 52.0 53.8 54.8 42 53 54 58 14.8 15.5 9.8 12.3 7.37 7.30 7.30 7.27. 7% C02 J. B. 51.7 55.6 57.7 58.6 45 60 58 66 18.2 18.4 11.9 16.0 7.38 7.28 7.31 7.26 W. H. 52.5 56.9 58.8 59.5 45 58 52 59 18.3 18.7 12.1 16.0 7.40 7.32 7.35 7.31 Mean 49.5 52.5* 55.9 56.5* 43 52* 54 58* 16.8 16.9 10.7 13.0* 7.38 7.33* 7.32 7.30 85-100% 02
Antisense RNA Targeting of Primase Interferes with Bacteriophage Replication in<i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> (2004)

The putative primase gene and other genes associated with the Sfi21-prototype genome replication module are highly conserved in Streptococcus thermophilus bacteriophages. Expression of antisense RNAs complementary to the putative primase gene (pri3.1) from S. thermophilus phage kappa 3 provided significant protection from kappa 3 and two other Sfi21-type phages. Expression of pri3.10-AS, an antisense RNA that covered the entire primase gene, reduced the efficiency of plaquing (EOP) of kappa 3 to 3 x 10(-3) and reduced its burst size by 20%. Mutant phages capable of overcoming antisense inhibition were not recovered. Thirteen primase-specific antisense cassettes of different lengths (478 to 1,512 bp) were systematically designed to target various regions of the gene. Each cassette conferred some effect, reducing the EOP to between 0.8 and 3 x 10(-3). The largest antisense RNAs (1.5 kb) were generally found to confer the greatest reductions in EOP, but shorter (0.5 kb) antisense RNAs were also effective, especially when directed to the 5' region of the gene. The impacts of primase-targeted antisense RNAs on phage development were examined. The expression of pri3.10-AS resulted in reductions in target RNA abundance and the number of phage genomes synthesized. Targeting a key genome replication function with antisense RNA provided effective phage protection in S. thermophilus.
Size distribution of water-soluble ions in aerosol from an offshore site of Nantong in autumn (2014)

Size fractionated aerosol particles were collected with an Anderson cascade sampler at an offshore site of Nantong in October and November,2012.Ten types of water-soluble ions were analyzed by ion chromatography(IC,Metrohm Inc.Swiss).Results show that the mass concentrations of all the ions in PM10 and PM2.1 were 59.70μg/m3and 45.96μg/m3,respectively.The descending order of mass concentration for major ionic species in PM2.1 was:SO4 2-NO3-NH4 +Ca2+.SO4 2-,NH4 + and NO3- were found to contribute about 80% of total ionic concentrations in PM10,indicating that the secondary ionic species were major component in aerosol.SO4 2-,NH4 + and NO3- were unimodally distributed in particles,with a peak value in size-bin of 0.43~1.1μm.Ca2+,Na+ and Cl- exhibited bimodal distribution.Ca2+ showed the dominant peak at 4.7~3.3μm,while Cl- and Na+ exhibited the peak values in the size ranges of 0.43~1.1μm and 3.3~5.8μm.However,the maximum concentrations of Cl- and Na+ were located in different size ranges.The value of nss-SO4 2-/SO4 2 was higher than 90% in PM10,indicating that the terrestrial sources exert significant influence upon the sulfate aerosols of the offshore site.The ratios of nss-SO4 2-/NO3- were all higher than 1.0 for aerosol particles less than 2.1μm in diameter,indicating that the stationary sources were more important for ions in fine particles than vehicle emission in this region.The influence of vehicle emission on coarse particles should also be paid attention.Case study showed that the stable weather system and the transport of pollutants from inland regions with high pollutant emissions can explain the severe pollution episode occurred in October 27th.
Metabolism of Acrylate to β-Hydroxypropionate and Its Role in Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Lyase Induction by a Salt Marsh Sediment Bacterium, <i>Alcaligenes faecalis</i> M3A (1999)

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is degraded to dimethylsulfide (DMS) and acrylate by the enzyme DMSP lyase. DMS or acrylate can serve as a carbon source for both free-living and endophytic bacteria in the marine environment. In this study, we report on the mechanism of DMSP-acrylate metabolism by Alcaligenes faecalis M3A. Suspensions of citrate-grown cells expressed a low level of DMSP lyase activity that could be induced to much higher levels in the presence of DMSP, acrylate, and its metabolic product, beta-hydroxypropionate. DMSP was degraded outside the cell, resulting in an extracellular accumulation of acrylate, which in suspensions of citrate-grown cells was then metabolized at a low endogenous rate. The inducible nature of acrylate metabolism was evidenced by both an increase in the rate of its degradation over time and the ability of acrylate-grown cells to metabolize this molecule at about an eight times higher rate than citrate-grown cells. Therefore, acrylate induces both its production (from DMSP) and its degradation by an acrylase enzyme. (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance analyses were used to identify the products resulting from [1-(13)C]acrylate metabolism. The results indicated that A. faecalis first metabolized acrylate to beta-hydroxypropionate outside the cell, which was followed by its intracellular accumulation and subsequent induction of DMSP lyase activity. In summary, the mechanism of DMSP degradation to acrylate and the subsequent degradation of acrylate to beta-hydroxypropionate in the aerobic beta-Proteobacterium A. faecalis has been described.
Nitrogen uptake response of crops to organic nitrogen (1996)

Abstract Sustainability of agriculture became a major issue of global concern during this decade. Agronomic practices aimed at reducing the dependence on inputs such as chemical fertilizers can contribute to sustainability. Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting and commonly applied nutrient for crop production. The development of nutrient-responsive cultivars especially during the past three decades led to an intensive use of N fertilizers in many agricultural systems. Environmental and economic issues associated with such practices have, however, generated an interest in alternative management systems. These include practices such as exploitation of beneficial biological functions (symbiotic nitrogen fixation, etc.) and substitution of chemical fertilizers with farm-generated products.
Stimulation of lymphocyte migration by a novel low‐molecular weight compound in normal human skin and plasma (1990)

Normal human skin contains an extravascular population of lymphocytes which have been proposed to play a central role in immunosurveillance. The hypothesis that physiologic lymphocyte chemoattractants induce the migration of these cells has been tested by analysis of samples from normal human skin by an in vitro lymphocyte migration assay in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Dilution-related lymphocyte migration was seen on assay of aqueous extracts of stratum corneum, analysis after ultrafiltration consistently demonstrating activity in less than 1-kDa fractions. Similar results were obtained with chamber fluid from abraded normal skin and with normal plasma. A novel, polar, low-molecular weight component in plasma and chamber fluid was purified to homogeneity by reverse-phase HPLC. Material from the two sources possessed identical retention times on reverse-phase HPLC and similar ultraviolet (UV) absorbance spectra (UV maximum 274 nm). The factor has been termed plasma-associated lymphocyte chemoattractant (PALC). When purified to homogeneity, PALC induced concentration-related lymphocyte migration, was extractable in lipid solvents and was not peptide in nature, as determined by mass spectrometric and amino acid analyses and proteolytic enzyme digestion. It is proposed that PALC may play a role in mediating physiologic margination, adherence and migration of lymphocytes in normal human skin.
A new Barnettozyma species forming hat-shaped ascospores isolated from soil in Japan (2010)

In the course of a study on yeast diversity in Japan, we isolated 331 yeast strains from natural substrates in Rishiri Island, which belongs to the subarctic zone. Among the isolates from soil, two strains produced hat-shaped ascorspores and showed that reproduction occurred by conjugation of a larger cell and a smaller one. We surveyed strains preserved in our culture collection, NBRC, and found one Barnettozyma strain; thus we examined these three strains. A phylogenetic tree based on the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA (D1/D2) shows that these strains are included in the Barnettozyma clade, but clearly separated from the known Barnettozyma and Candida species within the clade. This group is distinguishable from B. vustinii by the ability to assimilate sucrose and maltose, and from B. populi by the ability to ferment glucose and to assimilate L-sorbose, sucrose, maltose, α-methyl-D-glucoside, and salicin. We propose that the group represent a new species, B. sucrosica sp. nov. (NBRC 105021(T)=CBS 11512(T), Mycobank no. MB515733).
The Diagnostic Possibilities of a Modified Hysteroscopic Technique (1970)

A modified endoscopic technique for the inspection of the uterine cavity is described. The modification consists in the injection of a clear, water‐soluble and viscous dextran solution into the uterine cavity, through which a clear view of the latter is obtained. Thirty cases were examined by this method following hysterography. Comparative studies of the observations made at hysteroscopy and the hysterographic findings in these cases showed that hysteroscopy is of greater diagnostic value than hysterography because the nature and extent of any intrauterine lesion present can be assessed directly.
“Pro olla” (1890)

Journal Article “Pro olla” Get access H. A. W. H. A. W. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-X, Issue 245, 6 September 1890, Page 198, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-X.245.198c Published: 06 September 1890