gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensory properties of thio‐ and alkyl‐ phenols causing flavor tainting in fish from the upper Wisconsin River (1989)

Abstract A mixture of 10 ppb thiophenol, 1 ppb 3‐isopropylphenol, 1 ppb 2,4‐diisopropylphenol and 1 ppb carvacrol had nearly the same flavor quality as environmentally tainted northern pike when added to the flesh of untainted northern pike. Trout exposed to a mixture of alkylphenols and thiophenol (1–2 ppb each) in water did not become flavor tainted, but trout fed a formulated feed (2% body weight/day) containing 100 ppb added alkylphenols and thiophenol became strongly flavor tainted. Results suggest tainting via the food chain is important with these compounds. Tainting caused by thiophenol and isopropylphenols in tank‐held trout was removed by holding the fish in clean water for 5 days.
Environmentally assisted cracking in light water reactors. Annual report, October 1982-September 1983 (1983)

Leaks and cracks in the heat-affected zones (HAZs) of weldments in austenitic stainless steel piping and associated components in boiling water reactors (BWRs) have been observed since the mid-1960s. Cracking has continued to occur and indications have been found in all parts of the recirculation system including the largest-diameter lines. Proposed remedies include (1) procedures primarily intended to produce a more favorable residual stress state in the HAZ adjacent to welds, (2) replacement of the piping with materials that are more resistant to stress corrosion cracking, and (3) modification of the reactor coolant environment to decrease the susceptibility to cracking. In addition to evaluating these remedies it is also important to understand the influence of key variables, such as residual stress, crack growth rates, and the margin for leak-before-break (LBB) in flawed piping, which may impact regulatory decisions on operating plants. Information is presented concerning leak detection and nondestructive evaluation; analysis of sensitization; crack growth rate studies; evaluation of nonenvironmental corrective actions; evaluation of environmental corrective actions; and mechanistic studies.
Kelvin Probe Study of Band Bending at Organic Semiconductor/Metal Interfaces: Examination of Fermi Level Alignment (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Energy level alignment at organic/metal interfaces Basic aspects of band bending Band bending in thermal equilibrium Band bending in nonequilibrium KP measurements for insulating surface Experimental Results ans Discussion C60/metal interface: case of band bending TPD/metal interface: case for no band bending Potential gradient built in Alq3 film Concluding Remarks
Modernizing Kentucky's Uniform Commercial Code (1985)

In 1958 Kentucky became the third state to enact the Uniform Commercial Code promulgated by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. The General Assembly stated that this legislation was intended to modernize, clarify and simplify the law of commercial transactions. Enactment of the Code also evidenced the legislature's intent to make Kentucky commercial law uniform with that of the other states. Subsequent General Assemblies further implemented these policies by enacting substantially all of the uniform amendments to the Code proposed by the ALI and NCCUSL through 1964.\nUnfortunately, these enactments represent our legislature's last successful efforts to update Kentucky's Uniform Commercial Code. None of the uniform amendments promulgated by the ALI and NCCUSL since 1964 have been enacted in Kentucky. Most importantly, Kentucky lacks the 1972 Official Amendments to the Code which relate to secured financing and which have been substantially enacted in at least forty-four jurisdictions. Kentucky also lacks the 1977 Official Amendments which relate to investment securities and which have been substantially enacted in at least seventeen jurisdictions.\nThe purpose of this Article is to highlight the various sets of uniform amendments against the backdrop of current Kentucky law. Hopefully this Article will facilitate discussion by persons interested in whether the amendments should be enacted in Kentucky and will serve as a guide in the event they are enacted. It may also assist Kentucky lawyers who encounter the amendments as part of some other jurisdiction's laws, a likely event given the amendments’ wide adoption and the interstate character of many commercial transactions and law practices.
<title>Nonlinear stepped chirp waveforms with subpulse processing for range side lobe suppression</title> (1998)

The linear step frequency pulse compression waveform suffers from: a) range ambiguities due to periodicities in the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and, b) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) losses due to amplitude weighting used to suppress nominal range sidelobes. Mark Walbridge of DERA Malvern, UK, has proposed a nonlinear step frequency waveform which is derived from sampling a Dolph-Chebyshev weighting function. The waveform does not exhibit range ambiguities and achieves low near-in sidelobes without incurring the SNR loss associated with conventional sidelobe suppression techniques. This paper assesses an implementation of the non-linear step frequency waveform by quantifying range sidelobes, range resolution, and range- Doppler coupling. The waveform has application in ultra-high range resolution profile generation.
Psychogeriatric Dependency Rating Scales (PGDRS) A Method of Assessment for Use by Nurses (1980)

Validity and reliability studies of a method of assessment of the elderly mentally ill by nurses are presented. The method has the advantages of being brief, meaningful and structured into three areas which provide useful distinctions for nursing: Orientation, Behaviour, and Physical Capacity. Applications of the scales are discussed.
Sustained Transgene Expression Using MAR Elements (2008)

Matrix attachment regions (MARs) are DNA sequences that may be involved in anchoring DNA/chromatin to the nuclear matrix and they have been described in both mammalian and plant species. MARs possess a number of features that facilitate the opening and maintenance of euchromatin. When incorporated into viral or non-viral vectors MARs can increase transgene expression and limit position-effects. They have been used extensively to improve transgene expression and recombinant protein production and promising studies on the potential use of MAR elements for mammalian gene therapy have appeared. These illustrate how MARs may be used to mediate sustained or higher levels of expression of therapeutic genes and/or to reduce the viral vector multiplicity of infection required to achieve consistent expression. More recently, the discovery of potent MAR elements and the development of improved vectors for transgene delivery, notably non-viral episomal vectors, has strengthened interest in their use to mediate expression of therapeutic transgenes. This article will describe the progress made in this field, and it will discuss future directions and issues to be addressed.
Minimum overshoot design for SISO discrete-time systems (1993)

The problem of designing a controller to minimize the maximum negative error due to a specific bounded input is studied. It is found that the solution can be obtained by solving an infinite linear programming problem. In the special case of a step input, a simple analytical formula for minimum overshoot is derived for a plant with one unstable pole and one nonminimum phase zero. The solution technique has potential application to other control problems, which seek to minimize quantities not directly representable as a norm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and flammability of copoly(isophthalamide)s. II. With pendant phosphorus groups (1993)

Abstract A series of copoly(isophthalamide)s containing pendant phosphorus, dialkoxyphosphinylphenylene, diphenylphosphinylphenylene, and diphenylphosphinylamino groups were prepared. The introduction of phosphorus groups was performed to a degree of ca. 5–17 mol %. From the limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements, it was found that the LOI of P‐substituted polyamides increased by ca. 14–40%. From TG and DTG analysis the maximum rate and the percentage of mass loss of the decomposition stages were evaluated. From these measurements the mode of action of phosphorus groups in the solid or gas phase was assessed. In the solid phase, due to crosslinking reactions, a reduction of the maximum rate and the percentage of mass loss in the decomposition stage of main chain amide bonds was observed. In this case the increase of the char yield at 700°C of the P‐substituted polyamides was in the range of 21–36%. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Immersive Spatial Audio Reproduction for VR/AR Using Room Acoustic Modelling from 360° Images (2019)

Recent progresses in Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) allow us to experience various VR/AR applications in our daily life. In order to maximise the immersiveness of user in VR/AR environments, a plausible spatial audio reproduction synchronised with visual information is essential. In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient system to estimate room acoustic for plausible reproducton of spatial audio using 360° cameras for VR/AR applications. A pair of 360° images is used for room geometry and acoustic property estimation. A simplified 3D geometric model of the scene is estimated by depth estimation from captured images and semantic labelling using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The real environment acoustics are characterised by frequency-dependent acoustic predictions of the scene. Spatially synchronised audio is reproduced based on the estimated geometric and acoustic properties in the scene. The reconstructed scenes are rendered with synthesised spatial audio as VR/AR content. The results of estimated room geometry and simulated spatial audio are evaluated against the actual measurements and audio calculated from ground-truth Room Impulse Responses (RIRs) recorded in the rooms.
Mechanism of estrogen biosynthesis. VI. The stereochemistry of hydrogen elimination at C-2 during aromatization (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of estrogen biosynthesis. VI. The stereochemistry of hydrogen elimination at C-2 during aromatizationHarry J. Brodie, Kishin J. Kripalani, and Genus PossanzaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 5, 1241–1242Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01033a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01033a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Highly stable microwave performance of InP/InGaAs HIGFETs (1990)

The fabrication and microwave performance of InP/InGaAs heterojunction insulated-gate FETs (HIGFETs) using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD)-deposited SiO/sub 2/ as the gate insulator are discussed. Extrinsic transconductances as high as 240 mS/mm were obtained. Although these devices had a drain current drift of 20% under DC bias, when operated at 5 GHz they exhibited negligible drain current drift. The observation of high transconductance and stable microwave performance makes these HIGFETs ideal candidates for microwave power applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Vaccination of Dendritic Cells Loaded with Interleukin-12-Secreting Cancer Cells Augments <i>In vivo</i> Antitumor Immunity: Characteristics of Syngeneic and Allogeneic Antigen-Presenting Cell Cancer Hybrid Cells (2005)

Cancer immunotherapy by fusion of antigen-presenting cells and tumor cells has been shown to induce potent antitumor immunity. In this study, we characterized syngeneic and allogeneic, murine macrophage/dendritic cell (DC)-cancer fusion cells for the antitumor effects. The results showed the superiority of allogeneic cells as fusion partners in both types of antigen-presenting cells in an in vivo immunotherapy model. A potent induction of tumor-specific CTLs was observed in these immunized conditions. In addition, the immunization with DC-cancer fusion cells was better than that with macrophage-cancer fusion cells. Both syngeneic and allogeneic DC-cancer fusion cells induced higher levels of IFN-gamma production than macrophage-cancer fusion cells. Interestingly, allogeneic DC-cancer fusion cells were superior in that they efficiently induced Th1-type cytokines but not the Th2-type cytokines interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-4, whereas syngeneic DC-cancer fusion cells were powerful inducers of both Th1 and Th2 cytokines. These results suggest that allogeneic DCs are suitable as fusion cells in cancer immunotherapy. To further enhance the antitumor immunity in the clinical setting, we prepared DCs fused with IL-12 gene-transferred cancer cells and thus generated IL-12-secreting DC-cancer fusion cells. Immunization with these gene-modified DC-cancer fusion cells was able to elicit a markedly enhanced antitumor effect in the in vivo therapeutic model. This novel IL-12-producing fusion cell vaccine might be one promising intervention for future cancer immunotherapy.
Scheduling Problems and Mixed Graph Colorings (2002)

Abstract Some scheduling problems induce a mixed graph coloring, i.e., an assignment of positive integers (colors) to vertices of a mixed graph such that, if two vertices are joined by an edge, then their colors have to be different, and if two vertices are joined by an arc, then the color of the startvertex has to be not greater than the color of the endvertex. We discuss some algorithms for coloring the vertices of a mixed graph with a small number t of colors and present computational results for calculating the chromatic number, i.e., the minimal possible value of such a t . We also study the chromatic polynomial of a mixed graph which may be used for calculating the number of feasible schedules. Keywords: SchedulingMixed GraphVertex ColoringChromatic Polynomial
User Interfaces for Self and Others in Croquet Learning Spaces (2005)

Croquet-based learning environments should combine a rich media vocabulary with a distributed multi-user social experience. Such environments can provide unique opportunities for creating and delivering experiences that enhance online teaching and learning. Designing a user interface for such collaborative spaces presents several unique challenges. To enable productive interactions between users of such spaces requires that software designers choose what sorts of social interactions and cues to support such interactions within the collaborative space, and which to avoid. Design considerations are further complicated by the need to accommodate usability expectations created by users who are familiar with modern video game conventions while at the same time creating a user interface that provides an accessible path to the novice user of three-dimensional collaborative virtual environments. In this paper we examine how the user interface must explicitly address the boundary between private and public in a virtual collaborative social space, and propose a set of initial user interface conventions so that we can start the trial and error process of developing the optimal user interface for Croquet-based collaborative spaces to support learning and instruction.
Deuterium as a tracer in reactions of hydrocarbons on metallic catalysts (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeuterium as a tracer in reactions of hydrocarbons on metallic catalystsRobert L. Burwell, Jr.Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1969, 2, 10, 289–296Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar50022a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50022a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adsorption of NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2004)

The interaction of NH3 and NO2 with heterogeneous bundles of carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) has been studied using FTIR spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Both NH3 and NO2 adsorb at room temperature, and the interaction results in strong shifts of the vibrational modes of the molecules relative to the gas phase. The data suggest that NH3 adsorbs via both its lone pair and its H atoms. NO2 adsorbs in an asymmetric configuration via at least one of the oxygen atoms. Analysis of the IR data suggests that these molecules adsorb by interacting with multiple nanotubes within a bundle of SWNTs. Additionally, trimethylamine, a compound similar to NH3, does not adsorb at room temperature. It is postulated that the size of trimethylamine prevents it from entering the grooves between nanotubes in the sample, whereas NH3 and NO2 are small enough to enter the grooves and interact with multiple nanotubes.
Synthesis, Structural and Thermal Properties of Nano-porous SiO2-based Aerogels (2011)

Nano-porous silica aerogels are unique materials often having a high specific surface area, a high porosity (75-99%), a low thermal conductivity (0.01-0.03W/mK), and a low index of refraction. Because of their unique properties, aerogels have been extensively studied, not only for use as transparent thermal insulators but also as inter-metal dielectric materials, optical and acoustic applications, and the space industry (Muller et.al, 1999; Hrubesh et.al, 2001;Kim & Hyun,2003;Lu et.al,1991). NASA has applied aerogel on the Mars Pathfinder Sojourner rover and Mars Exploration rovers for insulation purposes. Additional applications of aerogels are found in battery electrodes, catalysts and electronic devices (Fricke et.al, 1992; Fricke & Tillotson, 1997; Kuhn et.al, 1995; Chadwick et.al, 2001). Currently SiO2, Al2O3 and C aerogels are reported and available elsewhere. During the production of aerogel a wet gel is formed which dried becomes filled with air. An aerogel is made up of microscopic beads or strand chains connected to form a continuous network, it is considered a solid. The fact that typical aerogels have more than 90% porosity gives them unusual characteristics (Yoda et.al, 1998; Klementiev, 2001). Their structure is composed of a 3D connected network of channels made of thin ligaments. The thickness of ligaments determines the final density and porosity of the aerogel (Reim et al, 2004; Kwon & Choi, 2000). As for thermal insulation application, generally monolithic SiO2 aerogels provide a whole low thermal conductivity due to its extremely high porosity. The thermal conductivity of aerogels is about 100 times smaller than that of full density silica glass, although Kistler made initial thermal conductivity measurements, a detailed understanding of thermal transport in aerogel resulted from investigations carried out (Fricke & Tillotson, 1997). Thermal transport in aerogel occurs via gaseous conductivity, solid conductivity and infrared radiative transfer. Usually at room temperature, aerogels have a low thermal conductivity due to its special gas conduction and solid conduction. However, at higher temperatures, radiative absorption/emission becomes the dominant heat transfer mechanism. Monolithic aerogel behaves poor thermal insulation because it is highly transparent in the 3– 8μm wavelength region. To improve its thermal insulation capacity, approaches such as doping aerogel with carbon have been applied to minimize infrared radiation heat transfer. The specific extinction for C doped aerogels is drastically increased, especially in the 2 to
Ethanol from whey: Continuous fermentation with cell recycle (1984)

The production of ethanol from cheese whey lactose has been demonstrated using a single-stage continuous culture fermentation with 100% cell recycle. In a two-step process, an aerobic fed batch operation was used initially to allow biomass buildup in the absence of inhibitory ethanol concentrations. In the anaerobic ethanol-producing second step, a strain of Kluyveromyces fragilis selected on the basis of batch fermentation data had a maximum productivity of 7.1 g ethanol/L/h at a dilution rate of 0.15 h(-1), while achieving the goal of zero residual sugar concentration. The fermentation productivity diminished when the feed sugar concentation exceeded 120 g/L despite the inclusion of a lipid mixture previous shown to enhance batch fermentation productivities.
Master Plan for Basin Redevelopment, Newcastle (1992)

This paper covers the background and studies leading to the Preparation of the Master Plan for the Redevelopment of the Basin in the Port of Newcastle. Transport and environmental issues are covered and details of the Maser Plan are summarised. The Plan covers the consolidation of the general cargo facilities for the Port. The paper highlights the opportunities to attract additional general cargo to the Port which the Master Plan identities.