gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduced Protein Kinase C Activity in Ischemic Spinal Cord (1989)

Protein phosphorylation was evaluated in a rabbit spinal cord ischemia model under conditions where cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PK-A) and calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (PK-C) were activated. One hour of ischemia did not affect PK-A activity significantly; however, PK-C activity was reduced by more than 60%. In vitro phosphorylation of endogenous proteins by endogenous PK-C revealed that eight particulate and five cytosolic proteins showed stimulated phosphorylation by PK-C activators in control tissue, although this stimulation was virtually absent in ischemic samples. When control and ischemic particulate fractions were combined, the endogenous protein phosphorylation pattern under PK-C-activating conditions was similar to the ischemic sample, which suggests that inhibitory molecules may be present in the ischemic particulate fraction. In vitro phosphorylation of endogenous proteins under PK-A-activating conditions in ischemic tissue was similar to that in control tissue. The results suggest that the PK-C phosphorylation system is selectively impaired in ischemic spinal cord. In addition to reduced PK-C-dependent phosphorylation, an Mr 64,000 protein was phosphorylated in ischemic cytosolic samples, but not in control samples. The phosphorylation of the Mr 64,000 protein was neither PK-C-dependent nor PK-A-dependent. These altered phosphorylation reactions may play critical roles in neuronal death during the course of ischemia.
Determination ofN-linked glycosylation of yeast external invertase by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1999)

The extent of N-glycosylation of yeast external invertase at each of the 14 potential sites was determined by the combination of proteolytic digestions and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF-MS). The average molecular mass of the intact external invertase was determined as 97 kDa by MALDI/TOF-MS. The intact protein was digested with trypsin, Lys-C and Asp-N, followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic separation. The proteolytic digests were analyzed by MALDI/MS screening for the glycopeptides. The glycopeptides were then treated with peptide:N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) and/or endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (Endo H) and the molecular mass of the deglycosylated peptide was determined by MALDI/MS and matched with the peptide predicted by a computer program. The sequences of some peptides or deglycosylated peptides were identified by the MALDI post-source decay technique. The size of the oligosaccharide, the degree of glycosylation and the distribution of the oligosaccharides at each individual potential glycosylation site were characterized. This information goes for beyond previously published data and sometimes differs from them. During this study, the amino acid sequence originally derived from the DNA sequence of the gene coding for invertase was also verified and it was found that this protein when expressed from SUC2 gene might be created as more than one sequence which differ by a few amino acid substitutions (Asn58<-->Thr, Asn65-->His and Val412<-->Ala).
9.3: High‐Resolution 5‐in. Full‐Color FEDs with New Aging Technique (1998)

Abstract High resolution field emission display (FED) devices of 5 inch developed. Under scheme, electron diagonal in size are the gate‐switching trajectory profiles fully drive are simulated and tested. Uniquely‐printed spacer with high aspect ratio are fabricated on ITO coated glass for high vacuum packaging. In addition, new gas aging scheme of stabilizing field emitting array are extensively investigated during the sealing and exhausting process in order to prevent oxidation effects on the micro tip. Finally, full color images of 64 gray scale will be demonstrated.
Targeting prostate cancer with HTI‐286, a synthetic analog of the marine sponge product hemiasterlin (2008)

Therapeutic resistance is the underlying cause for most cancer deaths and a major problem associated with treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. HTI-286, a fully synthetic analog of the natural tripeptide hemiasterlin, inhibits tubulin polymerization and circumvents transport-based resistance to taxanes. In our study, we evaluated its inhibitory effects on human prostate cancer growth in vitro and in different in vivo models. Androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines including a docetaxel-refractory PC-3 subline (PC-3dR) were treated with HTI-286. Transcriptional profiling was carried out to screen for changes in gene expression induced by HTI-286 and compared to docetaxel. In vivo, nude mice with established PC-3 or PC-3dR xenografts were given HTI-286 intravenously. Additionally, mice bearing hormone-sensitive LNCaP tumors were treated with castration in combination with early or delayed HTI-286 therapy. In all cell lines tested, HTI-286 was a potent inhibitor of proliferation and induced marked increases in apoptosis. Despite similar transcriptomic changes regarding cell death and cell cycle regulating genes after exposure to HTI-286 or docetaxel, array analysis revealed distinct molecular signatures for both compounds. Invivo, HTI-286 significantly inhibited growth of PC-3 and LNCaP xenografts and retained potency in PC-3dR tumors. Simultaneous castration plus HTI-286 therapy was superior to sequential treatment in the LNCaP model. In conclusion, HTI-286 showed strong antitumor activity both in androgen-dependent and androgen- independent tumors and may be a promising agent in second- line treatment strategies for patients suffering from docetaxel- refractory prostate cancer.
Frequency Domain Method for Real-Time Detection of Oscillations (2010)

Because of the growing interest in real-time stability monitoring, there is a need for online methods that can detect off-nominal behavior in control systems. Therefore, we present a realtime frequency domain method for detecting oscillations in control systems. The method uses recursive Fourier transform for representing the measured time domain signal in frequency domain. Oscillations are then detected by monitoring the norm of the Fourier coefficients over a time window of pre-specified size across a range of frequencies that represent off-nominal behavior for the plant. This method is computationally efficient and requires limited memory, hence it can be used for onboard health monitoring of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). Consequently, we demonstrate the feasibility of using this method for real-time detection of oscillation on the Georgia Tech GT Twinstar (UAS).
Stereoscopic Image Acquisition and Autostereoscopic Display (2010)

Stereoscopic image acquisition and stereoscopic three dimensional (3D) displays are interdependent and inseparable. The scenes reproduced in 3D displays are captured by stereoscopic image acquisition, and the contents obtained by stereoscopic image acquisition are finally shown in 3D displays. The paper reviews various layout structures of the stereo cameras and their advantages and advantages. The structures, principles and properties of parallax barrier and lenticular lens autostereoscopic 3D displays are also expounded in the paper.
Genetic stability of equine arteritis virus during horizontal and vertical transmission in an outbreak of equine viral arteritis (1999)

An imported carrier stallion (A) from Europe was implicated in causing an extensive outbreak of equine viral arteritis (EVA) on a Warmblood breeding farm in Pennsylvania, USA. Strains of equine arteritis virus (EAV) present in the semen of two carrier stallions (A and G) on the farm were compared to those in tissues of foals born during the outbreak, as well as viruses present in the semen of two other stallions that became persistently infected carriers of EAV following infection during the outbreak. The 2822 bp segment encompassing ORFs 2-7 (nt 9807-12628; which encode the G(S), GP3, GP4, G(L), M and N proteins, respectively) was directly amplified by RT-PCR from semen samples and foal tissues. Nucleotide and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that virus present in the semen of stallion A initiated the outbreak. The genomes of viruses present in most foal tissues (10/11) and serum from an acutely infected mare collected during the outbreak were identical to that of virus present in the lung of the first foal that died of EVA. Virus in the placenta of one foal differed by one nucleotide (99.9% identity) from the predominant outbreak virus. The relative genetic stability of viruses that circulated during the outbreak contrasts markedly with the heterogeneous virus populations variously present in the semen of persistently infected stallions on the farm. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the carrier stallion can be a source of genetic diversity of EAV, and that outbreaks of EVA can be initiated by the horizontal aerosol transmission of specific viral variants that occur in the semen of particular carrier stallions.
호텔MICE업종 일용 근로자의 처우개선에 대한 고찰 -근로기준법을 중심으로 (2019)

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to conduct a discussion on the treatment improvement for workers engaged in hotel lodging industry based on the Labor Standards Act. In modern society, the concept of workers and legal regulations are difficult to apply in actual field, and there is a need to intervene at the national level. Basically, labor relations is not limited to the relationship between employers and workers, but is a part of workers, companies, and government to cooperate together. 
Design, data, and methodology -This study focuses on the necessity of supplementing the provisions of the Labor Standards Act. Firstly, it focuses on the daily allowance of daily workers, secondly, the problem of treatment improvement of daily workers, and third, social insurance of daily workers. The Labor Standards Act does not provide a clear definition of how long daily workers under three months are covered by the Labor Standards Act or the specific definition of daily workers. It is time to present more clearly and specifically the scope of these non-specific regulations. This is because a daily worker may be included in the applicable exception even though he or she is working for a period of one year, even if he or she is eligible for weekly leave allowance payment, annual leave, and severance pay. Therefore, this study intends to discuss the issue of treatment of daily workers in hotel accommodations in the tourism industry, which is not clear in the Labor Standards Act. 
Result -Daily workers should not be harmed by unreasonable employment relationships, and if they are found to be working for more than three months in the workplace, as well as regular workers, they should be recognized as eligible for workers'' compensation insurance. Despite the same number of working days and work as regular workers, the constant disadvantage in working conditions is that contracts between workers and employers are repeated in the form of expiration and renewal. 
Conclusion -Finally, as regards the social insurance of daily workers, national pension, medical insurance, and industrial accident insurance should be able to be applied as business subscribers, not local subscribers, if the application requirements are met. Construction workers are eligible for the National Pension as members of the workplace if they have more than eight working days. The hotel accommodation industry, which uses daily workers relatively, needs to be used when the number of working days of regular workers is met to improve the treatment of daily workers, regardless of the one-day contract and the contract of expiration.
Tumorhemmende Wirkstoffe, 12. Mitt. 2‐Ureido‐4(3<i>H</i>)‐pyrimidinone (1981)

Abstract Aus der Kondensation von Guanidincarbonsäureamid (1) mit den β‐Ketocarbonsäureestern 2a–h resultieren die 2‐Ureido‐4(3 H )‐pyrimidinone 3a–h . Die Übertragbarkeit dieser Reaktionsweise auf cyclische Ketocarbonsäureester geht aus der zu 2‐Ureido‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐4(3 H )‐chinazolon (3i) führenden Kondensation von 1 mit 2‐Oxocyclohexancarbonsäureethylester (2i) hervor. Besonders 3h vermag turmorhemmende Effekte auszulösen.
Molecular dynamics analysis of a buckyball–antibody complex (2002)

This is a multinanosecond molecular dynamics study of a bio-nano complex formed by a carbon nanoparticle, a buckyball C(60), and a biological molecule, an antibody, with high binding affinity and specificity. In the simulation, the ball is completely desolvated by the binding site of the antibody by means of a nearly perfect shape complementarity and extensive side-chain interactions, with the exception that about 17% of the surface is persistently exposed to solvent and could be used for functional derivatization. The interactions are predominantly hydrophobic, but significant polar interactions occur as well. There exists a rich body of various pi-stacking interactions. Aromatic side chains are involved in both double and triple stackings with the ball. Some ionic side chains, such as the guanidinium group of arginine, also form pi-stackings with the ball. The results suggest that pi-stackings are very efficient and common modes of biological recognition of pi-electron-rich carbon nanoparticles. Most importantly, the results demonstrate that, in general, an ordinary protein binding site, such as that of an antibody, can readily bind to a carbon nanoparticle with high affinity and specificity through recognition modes that are common in protein-ligand recognition.
Active cross-protection induced by a recombinant baculovirus expressing chimeric infectious bursal disease virus structural proteins. (1995)

The VP2 structural gene encoded in the large genomic segment A of the variant GLS strain of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was modified to encode a neutralization epitope (B69), found only on classic strains of IBDV. A chimeric cDNA clone of the large segment A, encoding VP3, VP4, and the modified variant IBDV VP2 structural proteins, was expressed in a recombinant baculovirus. The chimeric protein expressed was assessed with a panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and it contained not only all previously MAb-defined GLS variant strain epitopes but also the B69 neutralization epitope found on classic IBDV strains. Complete active protection was afforded to specific-pathogen-free chickens by a subunit chimeric vaccine against virulent challenge with the classic IM and STC strains, as well as against the variant E/Del and GLS IBDV strains. Compared with a previously tested recombinant subunit vaccine, which incorporated unmodified baculovirus-expressed large-segment A GLS proteins, the recombinant chimeric subunit vaccine resulted in markedly improved active cross-protection against classic IBDV challenge.
Tim-3 Negatively Regulates Cytotoxicity in Exhausted CD8+ T Cells in HIV Infection (2012)

Cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells (CTLs) contain virus infections through the release of granules containing both perforin and granzymes. T cell 'exhaustion' is a hallmark of chronic persistent viral infections including HIV. The inhibitory regulatory molecule, T cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin domain containing 3 (Tim-3) is induced on HIV-specific T cells in chronic progressive infection. These Tim-3 expressing T cells are dysfunctional in terms of their capacities to proliferate or to produce cytokines. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Tim-3 expression on the cytotoxic capabilities of CD8(+) T cells in the context of HIV infection. We investigated the cytotoxic capacity of Tim-3 expressing T cells by examining 1) the ability of Tim-3(+) CD8(+) T cells to make perforin and 2) the direct ability of Tim-3(+) CD8(+) T cells to kill autologous HIV infected CD4(+) target cells. Surprisingly, Tim-3(+) CD8(+) T cells maintain higher levels of perforin, which was mainly in a granule-associated (stored) conformation, as well as express high levels of T-bet. However, these cells were also defective in their ability to degranulate. Blocking the Tim-3 signalling pathway enhanced the cytotoxic capabilities of HIV specific CD8(+) T cells from chronic progressors by increasing; a) their degranulation capacity, b) their ability to release perforin, c) their ability to target activated granzyme B to HIV antigen expressing CD4(+) T cells and d) their ability to suppress HIV infection of CD4(+) T cells. In this latter effect, blocking the Tim-3 pathway enhances the cytotoxcity of CD8(+) T cells from chronic progressors to the level very close to that of T cells from viral controllers. Thus, the Tim-3 receptor, in addition to acting as a terminator for cytokine producing and proliferative functions of CTLs, can also down-regulate the CD8(+) T cell cytotoxic function through inhibition of degranulation and perforin and granzyme secretion.
Quantification of astaxanthin in shrimp waste hydrolysate by HPLC (2006)

In the present study, a simple and rapid reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of astaxanthin in shrimp waste hydrolysate has been developed and validated. The analytical procedure involves the direct extraction of astaxanthin from the lipid fraction with methanol. The analytical column, SS Exil ODS, was operated at 25C. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of water:methanol:dichloromethane:acetonitrile (4.5:28:22:45.5 v/v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Detection and identification were performed using a photodiode array detector (lambda(detection) = 476 nm). The proposed HPLC method showed adequate linearity, repeatability and accuracy.
Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility Assay, a Rapid, Reliable Diagnostic Test for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Suitable for Use in Resource-Poor Settings (2004)

There is an urgent need for new tools to improve our ability to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in resource-poor settings. In a retrospective analysis undertaken in a region with a high incidence of TB, we evaluated the performance of the microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS), a novel assay developed in Perú which uses an inverted light microscope and culture in Middlebrook 7H9 broth to detect mycobacterial growth. MODS detected 94.0% of 1,908 positive sputum cultures, whereas Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture detected only 86.9% (P < 0.001). The median time to culture positivity was 8 days (compared to 16 days for the same 208 samples by LJ culture; P < 0.001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). The results obtained by direct susceptibility testing using MODS demonstrated excellent concordance for isoniazid and rifampin and the detection of multidrug resistance with those obtained by indirect colorimetric methods: the microplate Alamar Blue assay (MABA) and the tetrazolium microplate assay (TEMA) (agreement, 95, 98, and 94%; kappa values, 0.8, 0.7, and 0.7, respectively). The concordance of the susceptibility testing results for ethambutol and streptomycin was poor. MODS is a novel assay which can detect the organisms responsible for TB and MDR-TB directly from sputum inexpensively, rapidly, and effectively. A comprehensive prospective evaluation of MODS is under way in Perú, and independent validation in nonresearch laboratories should be undertaken at the earliest opportunity.
Charcot–Leyden Crystals Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Cause IL-1β Inflammation in Human Macrophages (2018)

Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs) are Galectin-10 protein crystals that can form after eosinophils degranulate. CLCs can appear and persist in tissues from patients with eosinophilic disorders, such as asthma, allergic reactions, and fungal and helminthic infections. Despite abundant reports of their occurrence in human disease, the inflammatory potential of CLCs has remained unknown. In this article, we show that CLCs induce the release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β upon their phagocytosis by primary human macrophages in vitro. Chemical inhibition and small interfering RNA knockdown of NLRP3 in primary human macrophages abrogated their IL-1β response to CLCs. Using C57BL/6 ASC-mCitrine transgenic inflammasome reporter mice, we showed that the instillation of CLCs into the lungs promoted the assembly of ASC complexes in infiltrating immune cells (neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes) and resulted in IL-1β accumulation into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Our findings reveal that CLCs are recognized by the NLRP3 inflammasome, which may sustain inflammation that follows eosinophilic inflammatory processes.
AN IMMUNOLOGICAL PREGNANCY TEST (1960)

ABSTRACT An immunological method for the assay of chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in human urine has been described in detail. The method is useful as a simple and rapid pregnancy test and can be applied for quantitative determinations of HCG in urine. Morning urine from 306 women were examined; 212 were found to be pregnant by the haemagglutination inhibition reaction and the pregnancy was confirmed by ordinary pregnancy tests; 94 women were not pregnant and the urine of these women gave in no case a haemagglutination inhibition reaction. Quantitative determinations of HCG were performed in the urine of 103 women in early pregnancy. The urinary excretion of HCG increased following the missed menstrual period and reached in the 8th week of pregnancy a level of about 160.000 IU of HCG per liter of urine.
Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Intestinal Tissue from Patients with Crohn's Disease Demonstrated by a Nested Primer Polymerase Chain Reaction (1994)

Whether the presence of M. paratuberculosis is connected to the inflammatory bowel disease or is a mere coincidence cannot be stated. We find this presence interesting and encouraging for further investigations.
Induction of immunological tolerance to the penicilloyl antigenic determinant. I. Evaluation of penicilloylated amino acid polymers and copolymers in mice (1978)

Antibody responses to the penicilloyl (BPO) group, the major antigenic determinant of penicillin allergy induced in C3H mice by penicilloylated bovine gamma globulin in complete Freund's adjuvant, were reduced or abolished by various amino acid polymers and copolymers of different composition and size carrying BPO groups. Tolerogenic treatment was effective before or after primary immunization and also during anamnestic responses. The unresponsive state was of long duration and persisted even after several booster injections when efficient tolerogens were used. Among the most promising tolerogens are fully penicilloylated oligolysines with a molecular weight below 10 000.
Assay of the major bile acids in serum by isotope dilution-mass spectrometry (1983)

A specific method for determination of cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acid in serum based on deuterium-labelled standards and selected ion monitoring is described. The coefficient of variation of the method as calculated from replicate determinations was in the range 1.4-3.3% for all three bile acids. Recovery experiments were in accord with the high accuracy expected for this type of assay. In analyses of sera from 23 healthy subjects, the following concentrations were obtained in the fasting state: cholic acid, 0.29 +/- 0.81 mumol/l; chenodeoxycholic acid, 0.18 +/- 0.32 mumol/l; deoxycholic acid, 0.77 +/- 0.38 mumol/l (mean +/- SD). The method may be suitable as a reference method and in experiments with a high need for accuracy.
Calibration of Accelerometer Vibration Sensitivity by Reference (2015)

Accelerometers are used to measure axial vibration that transmits through an object. In order to provide accurate data, accelerometers need to be calibrated to ensure they cover the correct frequency range and their sensitivity to acceleration is correctly rated. This note summarizes a common technique used to calibrate an accelerometer by referencing. It also includes suggestions for testing components as well as important points to consider during the calibration process. Users already familiar with hardware-software integration should find this document beneficial. Cases in which error in calibration can occur are also briefly examined.