gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The beige mutation in the mouse. I. A stem cell predetermined impairment in natural killer cell function. (1979)

A point mutation, called beige, on linkage group 14 in C57BL/6 mice leads to a marked impairment in natural killing and antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytolysis (ADCC) of tumor cells. The defect in NK cytolysis was predetermined at the level of progenitor cells in the bone marrow as revealed in radiation chimeras. This impairment in NK function could not be accounted for by an altered organ distrubution, target selectivity, or ontogenesis. Interferon did not fully restore the response, which suggests that the defect may not result solely from a lack of endogenous interferon stimulation in beige mice. The frequency of target-binding cells was normal in all lymphoid organs, which suggests that the defect is intrinsic to the NK cell and does not involve an altered population size or an inability to recognize and interact with the target. Rather, the defect may lie within the lytic pathway subsequent to target cell contact. These mice should provide a useful NK-deficient system for studies of T cell or macrophage immunity and in addition they provide a means for testing the in vivo significance of NK cells in resistance to tumors and virus-infected cells.
Anomalous high carrier mobility in smectic <i>E</i> phase of a 2-phenylnaphthalene derivative (1998)

Ambipolar carrier transport properties in different phases of a liquid-crystalline photoconductor, 2-(4-octylphenyl)–6-n-butoxynaphthalene, were investigated by a time-of-flight technique. Carrier mobilities were increased stepwise when phase transition took place as the temperature decreased. The smectic E phase in the range of 55–125 °C exhibited nondispersive ambipolar carrier transport with an anomalous high carrier mobility of 1.0×10−2 cm2/V s, while the smectic A phase between 125 and 129 °C had similar carrier transport with a smaller mobility of 4×10−4 cm2/V s. In contrast to the crystalline phase, structural defects in the smectic E phase, which were obvious under microscopic observation with polarized illumination, did not deteriorate the carrier transport properties.
Responses to gram negative enteric bacterial antigens by synovial T cells from patients with juvenile chronic arthritis: recognition of heat shock protein HSP60. (1993)

Synovial T cell recognition of antigens from enteric organisms associated with reactive arthritis is a common feature in pauciarticular JCA. Among the target antigens is the GroEL HSP, but T cells recognizing this antigen do not necessarily crossreact with the homologous human HSP60.
Development of an intelligent traffic light for reducing traffic accidents (2008)

Increase of a traffic accident is recognized as a social problem, hence reduction of the accidents now becomes an urgent task. This paper places a special emphasis on saving pedestrians at blind intersections because the death rate of the pedestrian at the blind intersection is high. To prevent the accident, the paper proposes a notion of the intelligent traffic light. In case that a car and a human are in danger of collision at the intersection, the intelligent traffic light makes the corresponding car stop autonomously by transmitting a warning signal. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed traffic system, we substituted a mobile robot for a car. As for the intersection, we installed a radio transmitter with a car approaching sensor and a human detection sensor. As for the mobile robot, we installed a radio receiver and a car control unit. Experimental results indicated that the mobile robot stopped autonomously before the collision and pedestrians would not be injured. But the mobile robot stopped suddenly because the present system did not pay mind to the safety of drivers. This paper thus considers the deceleration curve so that cars stop smoothly. As the result of experiments, the proposed system is applicable enough to the real environment.
The concept of ocular inserts as drug delivery systems: An overview (2008)

Ocular diseases require localized administration of drugs to the tissues around the ocular cavity. The existing ocular drug delivery systems are fairly primitive and inefficient. However, the design of ocular system is undergoing gradual transition from an empirical to rational basis. In the recent years, there has been explosion of interest in the polymer based delivery devices. Utilization of the principles of controlled release as embodied by ocular inserts offers an attractive approach to the problem of prolonging pre-corneal drug residence times. In the present update, the authors discuss the basic concept of ocular inserts as drug delivery system and examine the few inserts, which are available in the market or are being developed by pharmaceutical companies for drug delivery.The article discusses soluble ocular drug insert (SODI), Ocusert, Collagen Shields, Ocufit, Minidisc and new ophthalmic delivery system (NODS) with special attention to biological/clinical performances, and potential for future applications and developments.
Crossed immunoelectrophoretic analysis of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigens (1983)

By crossed immunoelectrophoresis, 85 different antigens were demonstrated in sonicated preparations of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (Lp1). The precipitin patterns of 82 anodic-migrating antigens were numbered and were designated the Lp1 reference system. Eleven antigens were stable to boiling, and seven of these were shown to be surface antigens. One heat-stable surface antigen (antigen no. 61) was highly reactive with limulus amoebocyte lysates and formed a precipitin resembling lipopolysaccharide. Serum from an isolation confirmed case of Lp1 infection and serogroup-specific rabbit antiserum reacted specifically with antigen no. 61, which was designated the serogroup-specific antigen. Normal human and rabbit sera commonly had antibodies to antigen no. 66 of the Lp1 reference system. This antigen is antigenically related to the "common antigen" of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Uptake of Kynurenine into Rat Brain Slices (1990)

The transport of [3H]kynurenine ([3H]KYN) into slices from rat tissue was examined in vitro. Brain accumulated KYN seven to eight times more effectively than any of several peripheral organs. Of all the organs tested, only the brain exhibited a sodium-dependent component of the uptake process. After an incubation period of 1 h, sodium-dependent transport amounted to 60% of total uptake. Both processes were abolished by prior sonication of the tissue and significantly inhibited by inclusion of metabolic blockers in the incubation medium. Time resolution showed that the sodium-independent uptake occurred rapidly and reached saturation within 30 min. In contrast, sodium-dependent transport was linear for at least 2 h of incubation. Brain regional analysis revealed a sevenfold difference between the areas of highest (cortex) and lowest (cerebellum) uptake. With the exception of cerebellar tissue, the ratio between sodium-dependent and sodium-independent processes was consistent among brain regions. Kinetic analyses were performed on striatal slices and revealed a Km of 927 microM and a Vmax of 18 nmol/h/mg of protein for the sodium-dependent process, and a Km of 3.8 mM and a Vmax of 38 nmol/10 min/mg of protein for the sodium-independent transport. The transporters were equally amenable to inhibition by KYN and tryptophan, indicating that KYN entry into the cell may be mediated by neutral amino acid uptake sites. No strict stereoselectivity existed, but L enantiomers were clearly more active than the D forms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Graded photonic quasicrystals (2012)

We introduce graded photonic quasicrystals and investigate properties of such structures on the example of a Luneburg lens based on a dodecagonal photonic quasicrystal. It is shown that the graded photonic quasicrystal lens has better focusing properties as compared with the graded photonic crystal lens in a frequency range suitable for experimental realization. The proposed graded photonic quasicrystals can be used in optical systems where compact and powerful focusing elements are required.
How to Decide Indication of Type 2 Thyroplasty for Spasmodic Dysphonia (2011)

It is difficult to determine the surgical indication of type 2 thyroplasty for spasmodic dysphonia because: 1) there is a great variety of symptoms among patients, 2) there is a high rate of changeability with time, and consequently 3) it is difficult to diagnose. There seems to be no objective criteria for making a diagnosis or for deciding the indication. Based on our surgical experience of over 300 cases, our principal policy for deciding is that the indication should be limited to those with an apparent excessively tight closure of the glottis during phonation; or those with severe anguish resulting from spasmodic dysphonia. While the deprivation of easy communication in itself isn’t an indication of surgery, the strong desire of a patient to get relief from this malady is an indication. If the decision is difficult to make, one should take into account: 1) the period of time of the past suffering, 2) the objective findings such as anterior foaming at the glottis on phonation, 3) the severity of speech distortion, 4) the strong desire of the patient for the operation, and 5) voice recordings under other circumstances such as on the phone. Full information regarding the operation should be made available to the patients.
MAI painting brush++ (2011)

We have developed a mixed-reality (MR) painting system named the MR-based Artistic Interactive (MAI) Painting Expert and MAI Painting Brush which simulates the painting of physical objects in the real world. In this paper, we describe how the MAI Painting Brush was upgraded to the "MAI Painting Brush++," enabling virtual painting on virtual objects. The improved system has a visual and tactile feedback mechanism that simulates the effect of touch when used on a virtual painting target. This is achieved using deformation of the brush tip and reaction force on the hand.
KOMPARACIA CENOVEHO VYVOJA A TRZIEB VYBRANYCH OBILNIN A KRAJIN EU (2006)

The paper reports on currrent problems of the production of wheat, barley and grain corn, and compares producer prices, productivity and income from a production unit. Accession countries such as Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland were compared with EU-15 countries, namely Germany, France, Belgium and Holland. Although there are differences in agriculture development between the said EU countries, the comparison showed that accession countries are significantly behind these countries in terms of natural and value indicators.
Distributed load aircraft concepts (1978)

This paper presents distributed load aircraft design concepts that have as a major goal the significant increase in payload from reduction of the bending moments that are responsible for a large percentage of the structural weight. The judicious use of advanced technology, including composite structure and digital control of active control surfaces for gust alleviation, flutter suppression, and maneuver load control, all contribute to reductions in bending moments to achieve significantly lower structural weight fractions. The results show significant potential improvements in energy conservation and operating economics when compared to today's aircraft.
Structure of Rosmanol, A New Antioxidant from Rosemary (<i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i>L.) (1981)

Journal Article Structure of Rosmanol, A New Antioxidant from Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Get access Nobuji Nakatani, Nobuji Nakatani Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Science of Living, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Reiko Inatani Reiko Inatani Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Science of Living, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 45, Issue 10, 1 October 1981, Pages 2385–2386, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1981.10864897 Published: 01 October 1981 Article history Received: 22 June 1981 Published: 01 October 1981
Netchannel (2008)

Efficient and seamless access to I/O devices during VM migration coupled with the ability to dynamically change the mappings of virtual to physical devices are required in multiple settings, including blade-servers, datacenters, and even in home-based personal computing environments. This paper develops a general solution for these problems, at a level of abstraction transparent to guest VMs and their device drivers. A key part of this solution is a novel VMM-level abstraction that transparently handles pending I/O transactions, termed Netchannel. Netchannel provides for (1) virtual device migration and device hot-swapping for networked as well as locally attached devices, and (2) remote access to devices not directly attached to networks via transparent device remoting, an example being a disk locally present on a bladeserver node. A Xen-based prototype of Netchannel demonstrates these capabilities for block and for USB devices, for both bulk and isochronous USB access methods. Within the same administrative domain, seamless access to these devices is maintained during live VM migration and during device hot-swapping. Experimental evaluations with micro-benchmarks and with representative server applications exhibit comparable performance for Netchannel-based remote vs. local devices.
Towards Utilizing GPUs in Information Visualization: A Model and Implementation of Image-Space Operations (2009)

Modern programmable GPUs represent a vast potential in terms of performance and visual flexibility for information visualization research, but surprisingly few applications even begin to utilize this potential. In this paper, we conjecture that this may be due to the mismatch between the high-level abstract data types commonly visualized in our field, and the low-level floating-point model supported by current GPU shader languages. To help remedy this situation, we present a refinement of the traditional information visualization pipeline that is amenable to implementation using GPU shaders. The refinement consists of a final image-space step in the pipeline where the multivariate data of the visualization is sampled in the resolution of the current view. To concretize the theoretical aspects of this work, we also present a visual programming environment for constructing visualization shaders using a simple drag-and-drop interface. Finally, we give some examples of the use of shaders for well-known visualization techniques.
Pioglitazone after Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (2016)

In this trial involving patients without diabetes who had insulin resistance along with a recent history of ischemic stroke or TIA, the risk of stroke or myocardial infarction was lower among patients who received pioglitazone than among those who received placebo. Pioglitazone was also associated with a lower risk of diabetes but with higher risks of weight gain, edema, and fracture. (Funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00091949.).
An Adaptive Recommender System for Computational Serendipity (2018)

Serendipity is recognized as very challenging to simulate and stimulate in recommender systems. In this paper, we adopt a novel approach to model and implement serendipity in a context of health news recommender system. The proposed conceptual framework for serendipity consists of a surprise component, a value component, and a learning component. The three components work together to reason about what information is serendipitous, defined as both surprising and valuable to a user. The implementation is through a series of computational approaches, resulting a prototype called "StumbleOn". We find that the computational approaches help identifying serendipitous recommendations, which are further improved by adaptively learning users' real-time feedback. This study contributes to the research on how to generate serendipity for users in a predictable and systematic way.
Spectral goodness of fit for network models (2015)

We introduce a new statistic, ‘spectral goodness of fit’ (SGOF) to measure how well a network model explains the structure of the pattern of ties in an observed network. SGOF provides a measure of fit analogous to the standard R2 in linear regression. Additionally, as it takes advantage of the properties of the spectrum of the graph Laplacian, it is suitable for comparing network models of diverse functional forms, including both fitted statistical models and algorithmic generative models of networks. After introducing, defining, and providing guidance for interpreting SGOF, we illustrate the properties of the statistic with a number of examples and comparisons to existing techniques. We show that such a spectral approach to assessing model fit fills gaps left by earlier methods and can be widely applied.
Patch-Based Output Space Adversarial Learning for Joint Optic Disc and Cup Segmentation (2019)

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Accurate segmentation of the optic disc (OD) and optic cup (OC) from fundus images is beneficial to glaucoma screening and diagnosis. Recently, convolutional neural networks demonstrate promising progress in the joint OD and OC segmentation. However, affected by the domain shift among different datasets, deep networks are severely hindered in generalizing across different scanners and institutions. In this paper, we present a novel patch-based output space adversarial learning framework ( p OSAL) to jointly and robustly segment the OD and OC from different fundus image datasets. We first devise a lightweight and efficient segmentation network as a backbone. Considering the specific morphology of OD and OC, a novel morphology-aware segmentation loss is proposed to guide the network to generate accurate and smooth segmentation. Our p OSAL framework then exploits unsupervised domain adaptation to address the domain shift challenge by encouraging the segmentation in the target domain to be similar to the source ones. Since the whole-segmentation-based adversarial loss is insufficient to drive the network to capture segmentation details, we further design the p OSAL in a patch-based fashion to enable fine-grained discrimination on local segmentation details. We extensively evaluate our p OSAL framework and demonstrate its effectiveness in improving the segmentation performance on three public retinal fundus image datasets, i.e., Drishti-GS, RIM-ONE-r3, and REFUGE. Furthermore, our p OSAL framework achieved the first place in the OD and OC segmentation tasks in the MICCAI 2018 Retinal Fundus Glaucoma Challenge.
Preliminary NINDS neuropathologic criteria for Steele‐Richardson‐Olszewski syndrome (progressive supranuclear palsy) (1994)

We present the preliminary neuropathologic criteria for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) as proposed at a workshop held at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, April 24 and 25, 1993. The criteria distinguish typical, atypical, and combined PSP. A semiquantitative distribution of neurofibrillary tangles is the basis for the diagnosis of PSP. A high density of neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads in the basal ganglia and brain-stem is crucial for the diagnosis of typical PSP. Tau-positive astrocytes or their processes in areas of involvement help to confirm the diagnosis. Atypical cases of PSP are variants in which the severity or distribution of abnormalities deviates from the typical pattern. Criteria excluding the diagnosis of typical and atypical PSP are large or numerous infarcts, marked diffuse or focal atrophy, Lewy bodies, changes diagnostic of Alzheimer's disease, oligodendroglial argyrophilic inclusions, Pick bodies, diffuse spongiosis, and prion protein-positive amyloid plaques. The diagnosis of combined PSP is proposed when other neurologic disorders exist concomitantly with PSP.
Tissue culture and regeneration of an antimalarial plant, Artemisia sieberi Besser (2014)

WHO recommends artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) as the most effective choice to treat malaria. For developing transgenic plants with high accumulation of artemisinin (by introducing genes encoding enzymes which regulate the biosynthetic pathway of artemisinin), an efficient protocol for tissue culture and plant regeneration is necessary. In the present study, leaf explants of Artemisia sieberi were cultivated in Murashige & Skoog based medium supplemented by combination of different plant growth regulators including 6-benzyl-aminopurine (BA), α-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), picloram (Pic) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The highest frequency of shoot induction was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BA plus 0.05 mg/L NAA (95% regeneration) and MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BA plus 0.5 mg/L IAA (85% regeneration). Rooting was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.05 mg/L NAA. The present study has revealed a simple, reliable, rapid and high efficient regeneration system for A. sieberi Besser as a source of artemisinin in short period via adventitious shoot induction procedure.
New 2-Ethylthio-4-methylaminoquinazoline derivatives inhibiting two subunits of cytochrome bc1 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2020)

The emergence of multi-drug (MDR-TB) and extensively-drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is a major threat to the global management of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. New chemical entities are of need to treat drug-resistant TB. In this study, the mode of action of new, potent quinazoline derivatives was investigated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). Four derivatives 11626141, 11626142, 11626252 and 11726148 showed good activity (MIC ranging from 0.02-0.09 μg/mL) and low toxicity (TD50 ≥ 5μg/mL) in vitro against M. tb strain H37Rv and HepG2 cells, respectively. 11626252 was the most selective compound from this series. Quinazoline derivatives were found to target cytochrome bc1 by whole-genome sequencing of mutants selected with 11626142. Two resistant mutants harboured the transversion T943G (Trp312Gly) and the transition G523A (Gly175Ser) in the cytochrome bc1 complex cytochrome b subunit (QcrB). Interestingly, a third mutant QuinR-M1 contained a mutation in the Rieske iron-sulphur protein (QcrA) leading to resistance to quinazoline and other QcrB inhibitors, the first report of cross-resistance involving QcrA. Modelling of both QcrA and QcrB revealed that all three resistance mutations are located in the stigmatellin pocket, as previously observed for other QcrB inhibitors such as Q203, AX-35, and lansoprazole sulfide (LPZs). Further analysis of the mode of action in vitro revealed that 11626252 exposure leads to ATP depletion, a decrease in the oxygen consumption rate and also overexpression of the cytochrome bd oxidase in M. tb. Our findings suggest that quinazoline-derived compounds are a new and attractive chemical entity for M. tb drug development targeting two separate subunits of the cytochrome bc1 complex.