gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS AND INTERPOLATION OF ANGIOGRAPHIC IMAGES BY USE OF FRACTALS. (1985)

Conventional image magnification of digital coronary angiograms (DCA) is most often accomplished by a bandlimited interpolation filter, resulting in blurred images. In order to improve upon this situation, images are interpolated by applying the concept of fractals, a class of mathematical functions which have found use in classification of natural shapes and textures. It is shown that digital coronary angiograms can be described by a fractal model by computing the fractal dimension D and its corresponding correlation coefficient, r, for a set of 9 DCAs from a variety of patients and views. The D values range from 2. 267 to 2. 527 with correlation coefficients ranging from 0. 98 to 0. 99. An algorithm is developed that preserves the fractal dimension as an image is magnified. The results indicate that the fractal dimension of an angiogram may be a preferred method upon which to base image magnification. 5 refs.
Slow release urea-Polymeric membrane matrice for clean and efficient utilisation (1996)

To minimise the nitrogen losses from the applied urea, the urea granules have been coated with a synthetic polymer like urea form as well as a bio-polymer like Ca-alginate. Subsequently, the nitrogen release of the resultant urea granules in water have been studied over a period of 120 h. The corresponding experimental procedure and the results obtained have been discussed.
Antileukotriene therapy for asthma (1996)

The role of leukotrienes (LTs) in asthma is reviewed, and research to develop anti-LT agents for this condition is described. Greater understanding of the role played by inflammatory cells and their mediators in the pathophysiology of asthma has shifted the emphasis of research from the bronchoconstriction component of the disease to the inflammatory one. LTs are believed to play a key role in the complex interplay of inflammatory cells that occurs in asthma. Inhibiting the production of LTs or blocking their receptor sites may decrease the inflammatory response and thereby provide a useful therapeutic modality. Three approaches have been used in attempts to affect the activity of LTs: inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein, and LTD4-receptor antagonism. Investigational agents that have undergone clinical trials include zileuton (a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor), MK-591 (a 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein inhibitor), and zafirlukast, pranlukast, and verlukast (three LT-receptor antagonists). Many studies suggest that these orally administered agents are effective, particularly with respect to the early asthmatic response to allergens and other challenges, and have a low adverse-effect profile; the reaction of greatest concern is elevation of liver enzymes, especially with zileuton. Larger trials conducted over longer periods, as well as comparative trials, will be necessary to delineate the ultimate role of these agents in asthma therapy. Because of the complexity of the inflammatory process in asthma, anti-LT agents are likely to become part of multidrug regimens. Using drugs to interfere with leukotrienes may prove beneficial in the treatment of asthma.
IAQES: an expert system for indoor air quality problem resolution (2002)

The design of IAQES (indoor air quality testing and evaluation expert system), a rule-based expert system application that diagnoses and suggests resolutions for common air-quality complaints that occur in office buildings, is discussed. This system was built for Public Works Canada for in-house use. The IAQES provides expertise to building operators so that they may investigate and solve ordinary air-quality problems without consulting air-quality experts. The IAQES could also be part of a larger air-quality management package that would provide other services, such as ventilation system design aids and online air-quality databases. The IAQES can serve as a training tool; by making up example buildings, building maintenance personnel could learn to recognize the cause of common air-quality problems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
O(log/sub 2/ m) iterative algorithm for multiplicative inversion in GF(2/sup m/) (2002)

A new algorithm that can calculate the multiplicative inverses in GF(2/sup m/) with O(log/sub 2/ m) iterations is presented. While this algorithm requires in total the same number of multiplications ([log/sub 2/(m-1)]+Hw(m-1)-1) with the best known algorithm, the latency, if mapped to a hardware, can be reduced significantly ([log/sub 2/(m-2)]+1), comparable to the best case result, which is implemented using Fermat's little theorem.
Gesture And Musical Interaction : Interactive Engagement Through Dynamic Morphology (2004)

Description
On periodicity properties of Costas arrays and a conjecture on permutation polynomials (2002)

In 1984 Golomb conjectured that single periodicity characterizes the Welch construction of Costas arrays. We present a weakened version of this conjecture and give partial results on it. Furthermore, we prove that our conjecture is equivalent to another conjecture concerning permutation polynomials and we also give partial result on it.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Third-order cascaded Raman amplification (2002)

Third-order cascaded Raman amplification is demonstrated for the first time and shown to provide a 2.5-dB improvement in receiver sensitivity over conventional pumping. A dual-wavelength third-order pumping scheme requiring only one active source is demonstrated.
Ethylene glycol을 사용한 폐지의 액화 및 액화물로부터 polyester 제조 (2010)

A novel method to prepare polyester from wastepaper through liquefaction and crosslinking stages was studied. At the first stage, the liquefaction of wastepaper was carried out in the presence of ethylene glycol under acidic conditions. The factors that affect on liquefaction yield were found to be reaction time, temperature, and acid concentration, and their ranges were 60~120 minutes, 150~170℃, and 2~4%, respectively. The optimum condition was found to be 100 minutes, 160℃, and 3% sulfuric acid concentration, and the liquefaction yield at this condition was 67%. At the second stage, polyester was prepared from the liquefied wastepaper obtained at the optimum liquefaction condition by crosslinking with succinic anhydride. The effect of reaction time and carboxylic group/hydroxyl group ratio on crosslinkage were investigated at conditions covering 30~50 minutes of reaction time and 1.5~2.5 of carboxylic group/hydroxyl group ratio. The crosslinkages of polyester prepared were 80~90%, which were almost same regardless of reaction conditions.
Hypotensive and bradycardic effects of classical alpha-sympathomimetic drugs upon intravenous administration to pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rats. (1978)

The effects of the classical alpha-sympathomimetic drugs naphazoline, tramazoline, xylometazoline, tetryzoline and oxymetazoline on blood pressure and heart rate of pentobarbitone-anaesthetized (75 mg/kg; i.p.) normotensive rats were studied following intravenous injections. With the aid of this experimental animal model a dose dependent decrease in mean arterial pressure and heart rate could be established for these agents, oxymetazoline excepted, for which only the bradycardia could be quantified. It is suggested that central alpha-adrenoceptors are involved in the mechanism of this cardiovascular inhibition in view of the most specific alpha-adrenoceptor-stimulating properties of these ddrugs. Additionally, the results indicate that the use of pentobarbitone as the anaesthetic enhances the hypotensive action of these agents, so that their pronounced peripheral vasopressive response can be overcome.
Isolated DC-DC converters with high-output voltage for TWTA telecommunication satellite applications (2003)

Two alternatives for the implementation of an isolated DC-DC converter operating with a high output voltage and supplied by an unregulated low input voltage are presented in this paper. The proposed topologies are especially qualified for the implementation of travelling wave tube amplifiers (TWTA) utilized in telecommunication satellite applications due to their low mass and volume and their high-efficiency. The converters studied follow different principles and the main operational aspects of each topology are analyzed. A two-stage structure composed by a regulator connected in series with a ZVS/ZCS isolated DC-DC converter is the first topology proposed. The second topology studied is an isolated single-stage converter that continues being highly efficient even with a large input voltage variation. The experimental results obtained from two prototypes, implemented following the design procedures developed, are presented, verifying experimentally the characteristics and the analysis of the proposed structures. The prototypes are developed for an application requiring an output power of 150 W, a total output voltage of 3.2 kV and an input voltage varying from 26 V to 44 V. The minimum efficiency obtained for both converters operating at the nominal output power, is equal to 93.4% for the two-stage structure and equal to 94.1% for the single-stage converter.
Encoded Multichromophore Response for Simultaneous Label‐Free Detection (2010)

The self-assembly of molecularly precise nanostructures is widely expected to form the basis of future high-speed integrated circuits, but the technologies suitable for such circuits are not well understood. In this work, DNA self-assembly is used to create molecular logic circuits that can selectively identify specific biomolecules in solution by encoding the optical response of near-field coupled arrangements of chromophores. The resulting circuits can detect label-free, femtomole quantities of multiple proteins, DNA oligomers, and small fragments of RNA in solution via ensemble optical measurements. This method, which is capable of creating multiple logic-gate-sensor pairs on a 2 x 80 x 80-nm DNA grid, is a step toward more sophisticated nanoscale logic circuits capable of interfacing computers with biological processes.
Phoenix dactylifera: An update of its indegenous uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology (2009)

Phoenix dactylifera L (Date palm) belonging to family Arecaceae, called ‘Nakhla’ and the ‘Tree of Life’ by the Arabs, is considered as one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees. It is believed to be indigenous to the countries around the Arabian Gulf. Many Middle Easterners believe that consumption of date fruits, particularly in the morning on an empty stomach, can reverse the actions of any toxic material that the subject may have been exposed to. Different parts of this plant are traditionally claimed to be used for the treatment of a broad spectrum of ailments including memory disturbances, fever, loss of consciousness and nervous disorders. There has been a tremendous interest in this plant as evidenced by the voluminous work in last few decades. Therefore, we aimed to compile an up to date and comprehensive review of Phoenix dactylifera that covers its traditional and folk medicine uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology including various preclinical and clinical studies.
Dynamic Diffuse Optical Tomography for Monitoring Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer (2018)

Purpose To identify dynamic optical imaging features that associate with the degree of pathologic response in patients with breast cancer during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Materials and Methods Of 40 patients with breast cancer who participated in a longitudinal study between June 2011 and March 2016, 34 completed the study. There were 13 patients who obtained a pathologic complete response (pCR) and 21 patients who did not obtain a pCR. Imaging data from six subjects were excluded from the study because either the patients dropped out of the study before it was finished or there was an instrumentation malfunction. Two weeks into the treatment regimen, three-dimensional images of both breasts during a breath hold were acquired by using dynamic diffuse optical tomography. Features from the breath-hold traces were used to distinguish between response groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and sensitivity analysis were used to determine the degree of association with 5-month treatment outcome. Results An ROC curve analysis showed that this method could identify patients with a pCR with a positive predictive value of 70.6% (12 of 17), a negative predictive value of 94.1% (16 of 17), a sensitivity of 92.3% (12 of 13), a specificity of 76.2% (16 of 21), and an area under the ROC curve of 0.85. Conclusion Several dynamic optical imaging features obtained within 2 weeks of NAC initiation were identified that showed statistically significant differences between patients with pCR and patients without pCR as determined 5 months after treatment initiation. If confirmed in a larger cohort prospective study, these dynamic imaging features may be used to predict treatment outcome as early as 2 weeks after treatment initiation. <sup>©</sup> RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
<title>Better PostScript than PostScript: portable self-extracting PostScript representation of scanned document images</title> (1997)

We present a pattern matching based compression (PMBC) system which compresses scanned documents into postscript format. The output of a PMBC system is a pattern library, or font, and a series of pattern indices and positions. PMBC represents scanned documents in the same way that word processing programs represent their output pages. We explore various postscript representations of this output file, choosing the one resulting in the smallest output after compression with gzip. The resulting postscript file doesn't require a separate decompression program to view and print, and is at least 50 percent smaller than the postscript files generated by other conventional programs, such as tifftops.
Abstract 19873: Relationship Between Jet Direction and Mitral Valve Tethering in Patients With Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: Real-Time Three Dimensonal Transesophageal Echocardiography Study (2010)

Background: Mitral regurgitant (MR) jet direction with ischemic etiology is usually central or posterior. We hypothesized that severely restricted posterior mitral leaflet (PML) is a cause of relat...
Production and Trading of Buckwheat in China,Nutrition and Food (2005)

Buckwheat production in China and global trading of buckwheat were reviewed. The information on buckwheat nutritional value, health benefit, traditional of buckwheat food, special buckwheat food and modern buckwheat food also summirised.
Interferometric measurement of phase mismatch in potential second harmonic generators (1984)

When in search of new nonlinear crystals, one must consider phase matching as well as the strength of the nonlinearity. We have developed a technique to give us phase match (or mismatch) information about these crystals. The information can be obtained and interpreted as a function of crystal angle or temperature. This information is crucial when candidate harmonic crystals are being tested. The data come in the form of interferograms recorded on film obtained using the nonlinear Fizeau interferometer.1 By using this technique, we avoid the tedious process of measuring indices separately to high precision to get a reliable measure of index differences.
Crystal orbital study of polycarbonyl (2003)

Abstract We present crystal orbital calculations of polymeric carbon monoxide (polycarbonyl) by means of Hartree–Fock (HF), density functional theory (DFT), and second‐order many‐body perturbation theory [MBPT(2)] methods. The calculations are performed with improved integral evaluation routines. The results include optimized geometries obtained with HF and DFT methods and MBPT(2) correlation energies calculated at fixed geometry. The chain forms a zig‐zag of equidistant carbonyl groups. The results indicate the relative stability of polycarbonyl and may suggest the possibility of experimental detection of metastable forms of the polymer. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003
Initial-Rate Kinetics of Human NMN-Adenylyltransferases:  Substrate and Metal Ion Specificity, Inhibition by Products and Multisubstrate Analogues, and Isozyme Contributions to NAD<sup>+</sup> Biosynthesis (2007)

Initial-rate and product inhibition studies revealed distinctive ordered ternary complex kinetic mechanisms, substrate specificities, and metal ion preferences for the three isozymes of human nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl-transferase (NMNAT, EC 2.7.7.1). ATP binds before NMN with nuclear isozyme NMNAT1 and Golgi apparatus NMNAT2, but the opposite order is observed with the mitochondrial isozyme NMNAT3. Only the latter utilizes ITP efficiently in place of ATP, and while NMNH conversion to NADH by NMNAT1 and NMNAT3 occurs at similar rates, conversion by NMNAT2 is much slower. These isozymes can also be discriminated by their action on tiazofurin monophosphate (TrMP), a metabolite of the antineoplastic prodrug tiazofurin. Our finding that TrMP is only a substrate with NMNAT1 and NMNAT3 reveals for the first time an organelle selectivity in the metabolism of this important drug. In search of additional ways to discriminate these isozymes, we synthesized and tested the P1-(nicotinamide/nicotinate-riboside-5')-Pn-(adenosine-5') dinucleotides Np3AD, Np4AD, and Nap4AD. In addition to being highly effective inhibitors, these multisubstrate geometric inhibitors gave inhibition patterns that are consistent with the aforementioned isozyme differences in substrate binding order. Distinctive differences in their substrate specificity and metal ion selectivity also permitted us to quantify individual isozyme contributions to NAD+ formation in human cell extracts.
Continuous Antagonism by Dkk1 Counter Activates Canonical Wnt Signaling and Promotes Cardiomyocyte Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells (2011)

Embryonic stem (ES) cells give rise to mesodermal progenitors that differentiate to hematopoietic and cardiovascular cells. The wnt signaling pathway plays multiple roles in cardiovascular development through a network of intracellular effectors. To monitor global changes in wnt signaling during ES cell differentiation, we generated independent ES cell lines carrying the luciferase gene under promoters that uniquely respond to specific wnt pathway branches. Our results show that successive, mutually exclusive waves of noncanonical and canonical wnt signaling precede mesoderm differentiation. Blocking the initial noncanonical JNK/AP-1 signaling with SP60125 aborts cardiovascular differentiation and promotes hematopoiesis, whereas interference with the subsequent peak of canonical wnt signaling using Dkk1 has the opposite effect. Dkk1 blockade triggers counter mechanisms that lead to delayed and extended activation of canonical wnt signaling and mesoderm differentiation that appear to favor the cardiomyocytic lineage at the expense of hematopoietic cells. The cardiomyocytic yield can be further enhanced by overexpression of Wnt11 leading to approximately 95-fold enrichment in contracting cells. Our results suggest that the initial noncanonical wnt signaling is necessary for subsequent activation of canonical signaling and that the latter operates under a regulatory loop which responds to suppression with hyperactivation of compensatory mechanisms. This model provides new insights on wnt signaling during ES cell differentiation and points to a method to induce cardiomyocytic differentiation without precise timing of wnt signaling manipulation. Taking into account the heterogeneity of pluripotent cells, these findings might present an advantage to enhance the cardiogenic potential of stem cells.
Test/Repair Area Overhead Reduction for Small Embedded SRAMs (2006)

For current highly-integrated and memory-dominant System-ona- Chips (SoCs), especially for graphics and networking SoCs, the test/repair area overhead of embedded SRAMs (e-SRAMs) is a big concern. This paper presents various approaches to tackle this problem from a practical point of view. Without sacrificing at-speed testability, diagnosis capability and repairability, the proposed approaches consider partly sharing wrapper for identical memories, sharing memory BIST controllers for e- SRAMs embedded in different functional blocks, test responses compression for wide memories, and various repair strategies for e-SRAMs with different configurations. By combining the above approaches, the test/repair area overhead for e-SRAMs can be significantly reduced. For example, for one benchmark SoC used in our experiments, it can be reduced as much as 10% of the entire memory array.
<i>miR824-</i>Regulated AGAMOUS-LIKE16 Contributes to Flowering Time Repression in <i>Arabidopsis</i>   (2014)

The timing of flowering is pivotal for maximizing reproductive success under fluctuating environmental conditions. Flowering time is tightly controlled by complex genetic networks that integrate endogenous and exogenous cues, such as light, temperature, photoperiod, and hormones. Here, we show that AGAMOUS-LIKE16 (AGL16) and its negative regulator microRNA824 (miR824) control flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. Knockout of AGL16 effectively accelerates flowering in nonvernalized Col-FRI, in which the floral inhibitor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is strongly expressed, but shows no effect if plants are vernalized or grown in short days. Alteration of AGL16 expression levels by manipulating miR824 abundance influences the timing of flowering quantitatively, depending on the expression level and number of functional FLC alleles. The effect of AGL16 is fully dependent on the presence of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Further experiments show that AGL16 can interact directly with SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE and indirectly with FLC, two proteins that form a complex to repress expression of FT. Our data reveal that miR824 and AGL16 modulate the extent of flowering time repression in a long-day photoperiod.
Status of Galileo Frequency and Signal Design (2002)

responsible for research and teaching in the field of satellite positioning and navigation as well as physical geodesy. He is working in the field of GPS since 1984 and is author of more than 200 papers. The Institute of Geodesy and Navigation is one of the leading scientific and technical centers on Satellite Navigation in Europe and worldwide.
Current Trends in Plague Research: From Genomics to Virulence (2006)

Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague, which diverged from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis within the past 20,000 years. Although these two species share a high degree of homology at the DNA level (>90%), they differ radically in their pathogenicity and transmission. In this review, we briefly outline the known virulence factors that differentiate these two species and emphasize genetic studies that have been conducted comparing Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis. These comparisons have led to a better understanding of the genetic contributions to the differences in the virulence and pathogenicity between these two organisms and have generated information that can be applied in future diagnostic and vaccine development. Comparison of the genetic differences between Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis has also lent insight into the emergence of acute pathogens from organisms causing milder diseases.