gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Forward Error Correction based Encoding Technique for Cross-layer Multi Channel MAC protocol (2017)

The advancements in the home area networks call for wireless data transmission for continuous monitoring and taking control decisions to strengthen the smart grid technologies. The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) using Zigbee, WiFi operating in 2.4GHz frequency band play a key role in the data transmission. Because of coexistence in the same frequency band, there is a need for research to develop a mechanism for avoiding interference and proper encoding for precise data retrieval. In our prior work, we have presented a cross-layer multi-channel MAC (CMCMAC) [25] protocol for WSNs for estimation and avoiding interference. In this paper we propose an algorithm, Forward Error Correction (CMCMAC-FEC) encoding technique for improving the performance of CMCMAC in order to enhance reliability in communication of the data by ZigBee nodes to the specified destination under the influence of WiFi environment. In this paper, the CMCMAC-FEC model estimates the corrupted Zigbee packets and recovers the corrupted data packets at the destination accordingly maximizing the packet delivery ratio and throughput. The results attained illustrate the enhanced network performance.
Learning‐related patterns of CA1 spike trains parallel stimulation parameters optimal for inducing hippocampal long‐term potentiation (1991)

Recent studies have revealed 3 stimulation parameters that together comprise the temporal pattern of neuronal activation optimal for the induction of hippocampal LTP: high-frequency bursts, activity 100-200 ms prior to a burst, and burst delivery in phase with the ongoing hippocampal theta rhythm. The present paper reports that these 3 aspects of patterned neural activity, collectively referred to as "theta-bursting," are characteristic of the spike trains of CA1 pyramidal cells in rats during the sampling and analysis of learning cues in an odor discrimination task and during performances of a spatial memory task. In contrast, theta-bursting occurs relatively infrequently during behavioral events less directly related to task-relevant mnemonic processing. These findings suggest that the optimal conditions for the induction of LTP occur naturally in behaving animals, time-locked to behavioral events critical to learning.
Functional Properties of Freeze‐Dried Powders of Unfermented and Fermented Aqueous Extracts of Legume Seeds (1986)

ABSTRACT Functional properties of freeze‐dried powders made from aqueous extracts of cowpea, peanut and soybean seeds were compared with those of a commercial cultured buttermilk powder product. Powders of seed extracts fermented with Lacrobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were also analyzed. The color of legume powders was similar to that of the commercial buttermilk product, and fermentation had a beneficial effect. Emulsion capacities of powders prepared from extracts were superior to the commercial product, as were foam capacity and stability. The nitrogen solubility profiles of powders from unfermented extracts were similar to those of powdered buttermilk; however, solubility of nitrogen in fermented extracts was less than that of unfermented products. The viscosity of rehydrated fermented powders was less than that of the controls but greater than that of the commercial product. The water adsorption capacity of various seed extract powders was similar, regardless of fermentation treatment.
Antithrombin III-dependent anti-prothrombinase activity of heparin and heparin fragments (1989)

Heparin and heparin fragments in the molecular mass range 1,700-20,000 Da were examined for their ability to accelerate the antithrombin III (AT III)-dependent inhibition of human factor Xa and the prothrombin converting complex (prothrombinase) during human prothrombin activation. The prothrombinase reaction was modeled by a 3-parameter 2-exponential equation to determine the initial rate of prothrombin activation and the pseudo-first order rate constants of inhibition of prothrombinase and in situ generated thrombin activity. The catalytic specific activities of the heparins increased with increasing molecular size for both the inhibition of prothrombinase and factor Xa. A 10-fold increase over the entire Mr range was found. In contrast to results obtained by others (Ellis, V., Scully, M. F., and Kakkar, V. V. (1986) Biochem. J. 233, 161-165; Barrowcliffe, T. W., Havercroft, S. J., Kemball-Cook, G., and Lindahl, U. (1987) Biochem. J. 243, 31-37), all the heparins showed a 5-fold higher rate of inhibition of factor Xa when compared with the inhibition of prothrombinase, indicating that the factor Va-mediated protection of factor Xa from inhibition by AT III/heparin is independent of the molecular size of the heparin. Our original approach has also revealed a hitherto unrecognized phenomenon, namely, in addition to the accelerating effect of the heparins on the rate of formation of the inactive AT III-factor Xa complex, heparins with Mr greater than 4,500 reduce the initial rate of thrombin generation in the presence of AT III in a concentration-dependent way. We hypothesize that the formation of the dissociable ternary AT III-heparin-factor Xa complex results in a (partial) loss of factor Xa activity towards its natural substrate prothrombin.
Covenant, Kingship, Grace, Sacrifice, and Prophetism in the Old Testament (2015)

This essay examines the major themes of covenant, kingship, grace, sacrifice, and prophetism that reoccur throughout the Old Testament and contribute to a proper understanding of the ancient biblical text. Through covenant, God reveals his divine nature and relates to his people. Through kingship, God reveals his plan for Israel. Through grace, God loves his chosen people and shows them mercy, and through sacrifice, God cleanses and sanctifies the Israelites. Finally, through prophetism, God discloses his divine calling for the Israelites. Each of these themes exposes God’s self-revelation and contributes to an enhanced understanding of the Old Testament.
Growth of human myeloid leukemias in the human marrow environment of SCID-hu mice (1993)

It has been shown previously that multilineage human hematopoiesis is maintained within human fetal bone marrow (BM) fragments implanted into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. We describe here an application of this animal model, the SCID-hu mouse, to the study of human myeloid leukemias. BM cells from 8 patients with various types of myeloid leukemias were injected directly into human bone grafts in the SCID-hu mouse. Cells from 7 patients grew in the human marrow without spreading to the mouse marrow. Cells from 6 of these patients were successfully transferred in vivo to secondary SCID-hu recipients. The surface phenotype and the cytologic features of the leukemia cells were conserved during passage in vivo. Thus, human myeloid leukemia cells could be reproducibly propagated in the human marrow environment in SCID-hu mice. The differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia cells in the SCID-hu mice was induced by all-trans retinoic acid, suggesting that the biologic features of the leukemia cells were maintained as well. Finally, evidence for a leukemic progenitor cell population in one case of acute myelogenous leukemia was provided with this system. This model may provide a useful tool for studying the biology of human myeloid leukemia as well as for evaluating new therapeutic modalities for myeloid leukemias.
Direct Oxidation of β‐Aryl Substituted Aldehydes to α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes Promoted by an <i>o</i>‐Anisidine–Pd(OAc)<sub>2</sub> Co‐catalyst (2009)

An o-anisidine-Pd(OAc)2 catalytic system for the direct co-catalytic Saegusa oxidation of beta-aryl substituted aldehydes to alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes has been developed. The use of o-anisidine in place of (S)-diphenylprolinol made the process more simply and cost-effective. The process not only features the use of unmodified aldehydes rather than enol silyl ethers, but also gives moderate to good yields (44-72%).
Saliency-Based Compressive Sampling for Image Signals (2010)

Compressive sampling is a novel framework in signal acquisition and reconstruction, which achieves sub-Nyquist sampling by exploiting the sparse nature of most signals of interest. In this letter, we propose a saliency-based compressive sampling scheme for image signals. The key idea is to exploit the saliency information of images, and allocate more sensing resources to salient regions but fewer to nonsalient regions. The scheme takes human visual attention into consideration because human vision would pay more attention to salient regions. Simulation results on natural images show that the proposed scheme improves the reconstructed image quality considerably compared to the case when saliency information is not used.
Dynamic query optimization on a distributed object management platform (1996)

Object Management (DOM) architecture, when used as the infrastructure of a multidatabase system, not only enables easy and flexible interoperation of D13MSS, but also facilitates interoperation of the multidatabase system with other repositories that do not have DIBMS capabilities.
Inhibition of Germination and Growth of Fruit and Vegetable Postharvest Pathogenic Fungi by Essential Oil Components (1994)

ABSTRACT Several essential oil components were studied in order to determine their fungistatic and fungicidal activity against fruit and vegetable postharvest pathogens. In vitro trials were carried out to study their inhibition activity on fungal spore germination and mycelium growth. The study deals with several monoterpenes, whether hydrocarbons or oxygenated with different functional groups (phenols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, epoxides). The essential oil components studied included (E)-anethole, p-anisaldehyde, carvacrol, (−)-carvone, 1,8-cineole, (+)-limonene, myrcene, (±)-α-phellandrene and (±)-α-pinene. The inhibition activity of these components was examined against some of the most widespread fruit and vegetable postharvest pathogens, including Botrytis cinerea Pers., Monilinia laxa (Aderh. et Ruhl.) Honey, Mucor piriformis Fischer, Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc., Penicillium italicum Wehm., Penicillium expansum Lk. and Rhizopus stolonifer (Eheremb.) Land. Best results were obtained with carvacrol (phenol). At a concentration of 125 ppm, the growth of all pathogen mycelia tested was completely stopped through a fungicidal action, except in the case of P. italicum. At the same concentration level the inhibition of spore germination was totally against M. laxa, M. piriformis and R. stolonifer. At 62 ppm, the control of spore germination and mycelium growth was not completely achieved (except for M. piriformis spore germination). p-Anisaldehyde (aldehyde), (−)-carvone (ketone) and (E)-anethole (ether) exhibit a progressively less marked fungistatic effect. The fungistatic action of these compounds was set at concentrations between 250 and 1000 ppm depending on fungal species. 1,8-Cineole and the monoterpene hydrocarbons, tested at concentration of 1000 ppm, showed limited or no fungistatic activity.
Cloning of Genomic and Complementary DNA from <i>Shaker</i> , a Putative Potassium Channel Gene from <i>Drosophila</i> (1987)

On the basis of electrophysiological analysis of Shaker mutants, the Shaker locus of Drosophila melanogaster has been proposed to encode a structural component of a voltage-dependent potassium channel, the A channel. Unlike sodium channels, acetylcholine receptors, and calcium channels, K+ channels have not been purified biochemically. To facilitate biochemical studies of a K+ channel, genomic DNA from the Shaker locus has been cloned. Rearrangements in five Shaker mutants have been mapped to a 60-kilobase segment of the genome. Four complementary DNA clones have been analyzed. These clones indicate that the Shaker gene contains multiple exons distributed over at least 65 kilobases of genomic DNA in the region where the mutations mapped. Furthermore, the gene may produce several classes of alternatively spliced transcripts. Two of the complementary DNA clones have been sequenced and their sequences support the hypothesis that Shaker encodes a component of a K+ channel.
Nanopillar Arrays of Glassy Carbon by Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanoporous Templates (2003)

This letter presents a method for making nanopillar arrays of glassy carbon. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanopores on aluminum were used as templates and furfuryl alcohol (FFA)-based resin was used as filling precursor. The templates and nanopillars were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). It was found that the dimensions of the nanopores and the heating scheme of carbonization are important for making pillar arrays.
Integrating IMS with web services to enable IP Multimedia Service Oriented Architectures (2008)

The IP multimedia subsystem has provided major advances for IP-based telecom infrastructures and services. The IMS core network enables a variety of IMS-compliant communications services to interoperate while being accessed through different kinds of access networks, preferably broadband. As both consumer and corporate users are by now used to access services, even communications services through the Web and Web-based communities and social networks, it is key for success of IMS-based services to be provided with efficient Web access, so users can benefit from those new services by using Web-based applications and user interfaces, not only IMS user equipments and SIP protocol. HP CMS has developed the mobile personal community broadcasting (MPCB) service, an IMS / Web 2.0 Live Group Video Share application that is an example of IMS video solution with strong Web 2.0 integration. The efficient integration of IMS and SOA architectures will be essential to achieve the desired goals. Both parlay-X standard WSDL should be supported as well as innovative Web 2.0 web services SDK. One of the key network elements in integrated IMS-SOA environments is the telecom Web services gateway (TWSG), exposing the rich IMS services to the SOA world in an efficient, secured and manageable manner.
Three-dimensional velocity field estimation of moving cardiac walls (2002)

The quantification of the heart local motion from medical image sequences can be a very useful diagnostic tool in assessing noninvasively the heart function. Several authors have proposed to tackle this problem in two-dimensions (2D) by applying optical flow technique to cardiac image sequences. The application of this method to 2D images has nevertheless severe limitations, since it can in essence only lead to the estimation of the projected fraction of the heart motion. The authors propose in this study to assess the generalization of such a method, based on the continuum theory framework and allowing the estimation of a three-dimensional (3D) motion. In order to illustrate the potential interest of this method toward the quantification of the heart motion, the authors then describe its application to 3D data obtained in vivo on a high speed and high resolution CT scanner. The experimental results are presented and discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Immunization with glycosylated K<sup>b</sup>‐binding peptides generates carbohydrate‐specific, unrestricted cytotoxic T cells (1996)

Cytotoxic T cells (CTL) recognize target proteins as short peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I restriction elements. However, there is also evidence for peptide-independent T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of target proteins and non-protein structures. How such T cell responses are generated is presently unclear. We generated carbohydrate (CHO)-specific, MHC-unrestricted CTL responses by coupling di- and trisaccharides to Kb- or Db-binding peptides for direct immunization in mice. Four peptides and three CHO have been analyzed with the CHO either in terminal or central position on the carrier peptide. With two of these glycopeptides, with galabiose (Gal alpha 1-4Gal; Gal2) bound to a homocysteine (via an ethylene spacer arm) in position 4 or 6 in a vesicular stomatitis virus nucleoprotein-derived peptide (RGYVYQGL binding to Kb), CTL were generated which preferentially killed target cells treated with glycopeptide compared to those treated with the core peptide. Polyclonal CTL were also found to kill target cells expressing the same Gal2 epitope in a glycolipid. By fractionation of CTL, preliminary data indicate that glycopeptide-specific Kb-restricted CTL and unrestricted CHO-specific CTL belong to different T cell populations with regard to TCR expression. The results demonstrate that hapten-specific unrestricted CTL responses can be generated with MHC class I-binding carrier peptides. Different models that might explain the generation of such responses are discussed.
Hepatitis B and C Viruses and Their Interaction in the Origin of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (1991)

Serum taken from patients in a case-control study in Athens, Greece, was used to examine the interactive roles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the origin of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An enzyme immunoassay for anti-HCV was used to test serum taken from 185 cases with HCC, 35 cases with metastatic liver cancer (MLC), and 432 hospital controls. Weakly positive anti-HCV results were more strongly related to MLC than to HCC, implying that these anti-HCV results are false positive. By contrast, strongly positive anti-HCV results were significantly related to HCC (relative risk [RR], 6.3), whereas no significant association was evident for MLC (RR, 0.6). The association of anti-HCV with HCC was substantially higher among subjects whose radioimmunoassay was positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (RR, 20.0) than among those whose radioimmunoassay was negative for this marker (RR, 4.8). These findings indicate that HCV infection has an interactive role in the origin of HCC.
Optimal design of injection mold for plastic bonded magnet (1991)

The optimal design of an injection mold for producing a stronger multipole magnet is carried out using the finite element method and the direct search method. It is shown that the maximum flux density in the cavity obtained by the optimal design is about 2.6 times higher than that of the initial shape determined empirically. 3-D analysis of the nonlinear magnetic field in the injection mold with complicated structure is also carried out. The calculated flux distribution on the cavity surface is in good agreement with the measured one.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
New Approaches for the Synthesis of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole and 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives with Antimicrobial Activity (2009)

The thiosemicarbazide derivatives 3a and 3b were cyclized in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid to give the 5-cyanomethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives 4a and 4b , respectively. The latter products were used for many heterocyclic transformations to form coumarin, 1,3,4-thiadiazolo[4,5-a]pyridine, and 5-thiophenylthiophene. In addition, compound 3b underwent cyclization in NaOH (2 N) solution to give the 1,2,4-triazole derivative 16 . The reactivity of the latter product towards some chemical reagents was studied. The antimicrobial activities of the newly synthesized products were measured and showed high activities.
Prognostic value of microsatellite instability in resectable pancreatic cancer. (2002)

The significance of microsatellite instability (MSI) as a prognostic predictor for resectable pancreatic cancer patients was examined. Forty-six histologically confirmed pancreatic cancer patients who had undergone resection were studied. DNA was extracted from the paraffin block sections by means of the microdissection method. PCR was performed using eight microsatellite primer marker sets. The mixed PCR sample was analyzed by a genetic analyzer. The number of MSI-positive patients was eight (17.4%) as determined by assessment of microsatellite variations in three or more of the eight tested markers. Univariate analysis revealed that patients with MSI-positive tumors had significantly longer survival times than patients with MSI-negative tumors, although there were no significant differences in clinicopathological factors between the two groups (median survival term, 62 months versus 10 months, respectively; P = 0.011). According to univariate survival analysis, patients with T3/T4, N1, or M1 tumors, as classified by Union Internationale Contre le Cancer staging, had significantly shorter survival times than patients with less progressive tumors. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that MSI status had an independent predictive value (hazard ratio = 5.577; P = 0.007). The tumor-infiltrating leukocyte intensity in MSI-positive tumors was significantly larger than that in MSI-negative tumors, suggesting that MSI-positive tumors may induce stronger antitumor immunity. In conclusion, a patient with MSI-positive pancreatic cancer may have a comparatively better prognosis after resection, possibly due to intensive immunoreaction to the tumor.
Mycobacteria: Bugs and Bugbears (2003)

Mycobacteria are gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria of the Actmomycete family, and therefore are most closely related to the nocardia, corynebacteria, and streptomyces. Their most characteristic feature is their complex cell envelope, containing a high percentage of lipids, which include the large-branched mycolic acids. This envelope makes the bacteria resistant to breakage and relatively impermeable to antibiotics, and is responsible for the acid-fast staining property used to identify the organisms. The genomic DNA contains a high guanme plus cytosine (GC) content, ranging from 58–69% (), which affects the utility of Escherichia coli as a surrogate genetic host.
Cooperative information systems: a conceptual framework and a modeling (2002)

This paper presents a definition of cooperative information systems as the support of communication services and semantic services, which allow implementation of interaction among different internal knowledge sources. These sources are different kinds of subsystems of the IS: collective, group or individual IS used respectively at enterprise, group or individual levels. The framework attempts to perceive and capture the structural and functional properties of the cooperative IS. The structure of a cooperative IS is made up of knowledge sources and interaction. While the functions are based on a set of communication services and semantic services. These functions allow the cooperative IS to be either an integrator or a support for the cooperative work. A knowledge source in the framework is perceived according to its internal and communicative aspects while a fixed or dynamic interaction is specialized according to its situations such as transmission, coordination or cooperation. The modeling allows a conceptual representation of both the structural and functional properties. The concepts used at the conceptual level are: communicating entity, interaction, conceptual network, and task and action.