gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereoisomers of 1,3,5,7-Tetrahydroxy-1,3,5,7-tetraisopropylcyclotetrasiloxane:  Synthesis and Structures in the Crystal (2005)

The first synthesis of all four stereoisomers of 1,3,5,7-tetrahydroxy-1,3,5,7-tetraisopropylcyclotetrasiloxane, [i-PrSiO(OH)]4 (all-trans-, cis-cis-trans-, cis-trans-cis-, and all-cis-1), is presented. The starting compounds, all-trans-, cis-cis-trans-, cis-trans-cis-, and all-cis-1,3,5,7-tetraaryl-1,3,5,7-tetraisopropylcyclotetrasiloxanes, were prepared by the hydrolysis of the corresponding arylisopropyldichlorosilanes, i-PrArSiCl2 (Ar = Ph, p-tolyl), and subsequent separation of isomers. A combination of dephenylchlorination of tetraarylcyclotetrasiloxanes and the following hydrolysis proved to be an efficient method for the stereospecific transformation of aryl-substituted cyclotetrasiloxanes into (i-PrSiO(OH))4. For example, treatment of cis-trans-cis-1,3,5,7-tetraphenyl-1,3,5,7-tetraisopropylcyclotetrasilane with HCl and AlCl3, followed by hydrolysis in the presence of pyridine, resulted in the exclusive formation of cis-trans-cis-1 in 92% yield. The structures of cis-cis-trans-1, cis-trans-cis-1, and all-cis-1 were determined by X-ray crystallography. All isomers were found to construct unique packing structures by intermolecular hydrogen bonding; cis-trans-cis-1 composed an infinite antiladder structure, and cis-cis-trans-1 formed a sheetlike structure.
Permanent pacing: new indications (2001)

Over the past 40 years, permanent pacemakers have become standard treatment for patients with symptomatic sinus node disease and documented, or suspected, high grade atrioventricular (AV) block. Permanent pacemakers were first developed for the treatment of heart block, often in young patients following surgical repair of congenital heart defects. These early pacemakers were primitive devices, allowing only for fixed rate asynchronous pacing in the ventricle (that is, VOO mode). Subsequently, sensing circuits were developed to permit inhibited modes of pacing (that is, VVI mode). Permanent pacemakers were designed primarily to prevent mortality, which was inevitable and often occurred early in patients with complete heart block.

The development of dual chamber pacing and rate responsiveness allowed pacemaker therapy to progress from simply maintaining a minimal heart rate to allowing for restoration of physiologic chronotropy and normal atrioventricular activation. This led to the expansion of this technology from immediate life saving treatment to use aimed at improving haemodynamic function and quality of life, and reducing morbidity. While it is clear that modern dual chamber pacemakers can increase exercise capacity in subjects with chronotropic incompetence and prevent pacemaker syndrome caused by ventricular pacing, the effects on other end points including mortality and arrhythmia prevention remain controversial. With the development of more physiologic pacing, attempts have been made to apply pacemaker technology to the treatment of problems other than symptomatic bradycardia. These problems include pacing to prevent atrial arrhythmias, to improve haemodynamic function and symptoms in patients with hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy, and to prevent neurocardiogenic syncope. Thus, much of the interest in modern pacemakers is for indications other than primary bradycardia. It is these new indications that are the subject of this review.

Atrial arrhythmias, and in particular atrial fibrillation, are common in patients with sinus node dysfunction. This tachy-brady variant of sick …
Evaluation of Live and Inactivated Influenza A Virus Vaccines in a Mouse Model (1982)

Induction of cross-protective immunity against serologically distinct subtypes of influenza A virus in mice was examined in an attempt to correlate cross-protection with heterotypic lymphocyte responses. Live and inactivated virus vaccines protected against the homologous subtype, but only whole virus protected against heterologous subtypes. Live virus vaccines provided better cross-protection than inactivated virus vaccines. A weak defense against heterotypic challenge generated by live H0N1 virus could be boosted by cross-stimulation with whole H3N2 virus and by restimulation with pathogenic H0N1 virus. Heterotypic protection persisted for at least five months. Live viruses induced cross-reactive cytotoxic T cells in normal mice. However, cross-stimulation with heterologous virus was required to generate secondary cytotoxicity. Cross-reactive B lymphocytes were evident after inoculation with whole virus.
Making Subsequence Time Series Clustering Meaningful (2006)

The startling claim was made that sequential time series clustering is meaningless. This has important consequences for a significant amount of work in the literature, since such a claim invalidates this work's contribution. In this paper, we show that sequential time series clustering is not meaningless, and that the problem highlighted in these works stem from their use of the Euclidean distance metric as the distance measure in the subsequence vector space. As a solution, we consider quite a general class of time series, and propose a regime based on two types of similarity that can exist between subsequence vectors, which give rise naturally to an alternative distance measure to Euclidean distance in the subsequence vector space. We show that, using this alternative distance measure, sequential time series clustering can indeed be meaningful. We repeat a key experiment in the work on which the "meaningless" claim was based, and show that our method leads to a successful clustering outcome.
An Improved Bridgeless SEPIC Converter Without Circulating Losses and Input-Voltage Sensing (2017)

In order to overcome the drawbacks of conventional bridgeless single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) power factor correction (PFC) circuits, an improved bridgeless SEPIC PFC circuit is introduced by adding an additional output diode and an inductor. The undesired capacitive coupling loop and the circulating loss are removed. Thus, the high efficiency can be achieved. The operation principle and design consideration of the proposed converter are introduced in detail. Furthermore, a novel control method is employed to control the current continuous mode bridgeless SEPIC PFC circuit without input-voltage sensing. Meanwhile, the UCC28019-based modified hardware implementation circuit is designed and described. A 100-W prototype with 90–135 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> input line voltage and 60-V output voltage is built and tested. The corresponding experiment shows the validity of the proposed circuit topology and control strategy. A peak efficiency of 94% and power factor above 0.99 are achieved under 65-kHz switching frequency operation condition.
Definitions of tool integration for environments (1992)

Tool integration is not a property of a single tool, but of its relationships with other elements in the environment, chiefly other tools, a platform, and a process. Tool integration is about the extent to which tools agree. The subject of these agreements may include data format, user-interface conventions, use of common functions, or other aspects of tool construction. A framework that determines how well tools are integrated into an environment and that defines integration independently of the mechanisms and approaches used to support integration is proposed. Process, data, control, and presentation integration properties are described separately so as to identify them as clearly and independently as possible. Emphasis is placed on definitions of integration properties on relationships between tools rather than on the specific integration-support mechanisms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Renal nerve responses to cardiac receptor stimulation with bradykinin in monkeys (1983)

Previous data from our laboratory demonstrated a species difference between the cat and dog in the arterial blood pressure (ABP) and renal nerve activity (RNA) responses to epicardial bradykinin (BK) applications. The present study was carried out to determine the ABP and renal nerve responses to chemical activation of cardiac afferents by BK in the intact and sinoaortic-denervated and vagotomized (SAD + VX) nonhuman primate. Seven Macaque monkeys (fascicularis and nemestrina) anesthetized with pentobarbital or chloralose were used in this study. The heart was exposed and suspended in a pericardial cradle. A left atrial (LA) catheter was inserted through the appendage. Changes in ABP and RNA (percent change from control) were determined when 1 and 10 micrograms/ml BK (in 1-ml volume) were applied to the anterior surface of the left ventricle or injected into the LA (0.3 and 3.0 micrograms/kg BK) in the intact and SAD + VX state. In both the intact and SAD + VX monkeys, ABP and RNA were significantly reduced with epicardial BK. In the intact state, LA injections of BK produced a significant decrease in the % delta of RNA and a depressor response. In the SAD + VX monkey, significant hypotensive responses were also observed with LA injections of BK concomitant with significant reductions in RNA. These results show the existence of a depressor response and inhibition of renal sympathetic nerve activity in the nonhuman primate mediated by the action of bradykinin on cardiac sympathetic afferents.
Enhancement in the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells by decreased cholesterol synthesis. (1986)

Adhesive interactions between tumor cells and the endothelial cells are presumed to be an obligatory step in the metastatic process. Using an in vitro model, we have examined the role of endothelial lipids in the regulation of this interaction. The cholesterol levels of bovine aorta endothelial cell monolayers were inhibited by the addition of compactin, 25-hydroxycholesterol, or 7-ketocholesterol. Metastatic B16 melanoma cells prelabeled with 14C-amino acid mixture were then deposited on this monolayer as a suspension and, at various time intervals, the number of cells adhering to the monolayer was determined. The results indicated that inhibition of cellular cholesterol caused enhancement in cell adhesion. On the other hand, perturbations of the glycosylation in the endothelial cells were without any effect on cell adhesion. The presence of cholesterol dispersion in the growth medium partially reversed the enhancement in cell adhesion caused by the cholesterol inhibitors. Growth in the presence of retinol or dexamethasone (1 microM) also caused enhancement in the adhesiveness of the tumor cells to endothelial cells, possibly because of their effects on cholesterol synthesis. Procaine, a local anesthetic which is known to increase membrane fluidity, also increased the tumor cell-endothelial interaction, suggesting that the membrane fluidity plays an important role in the regulation of cell adhesion.
Mass Spectrometry of Glycoproteins (2005)

本レビユーでは、質量分析を用いた糖タンパク質同定、糖鎖結合位置の決定、糖鎖構造解析、及びグライコミクス・プロテオミクスへの応用について紹介する。
Micronutrients and colorectal cancer (1997)

Lady Sobell Gastrointestinal Unit, Wexham Park Hospital, Slough, Berks SL2 4HL, UK. Fax: (+44) 1256 880 416.
The art of surface modification of synthetic polymeric membranes (2009)

Abstract The development in the area of surface modification of polymeric synthetic membranes since 2000 is reviewed. Many patents, articles, and reviews have been written on the development in the area of surface modification of polymeric synthetic membranes subjected to RO, UF, NF, gas separation (GS), and biomedical applications, mainly since 2000, but recently more attention has been given to the modification of their surfaces to obtain desirable results. In particular, most emphasis has been given to plasma treatment, grafting of polymers on the surface, and modifying the surfaces by adding SMMs (surface‐modifying molecules). New additives are synthesized to make the polymeric membrane surfaces either to be more hydrophilic or hydrophobic, aimed at improvement in selectivity and permeability of the membranes for GS, NF, and RO. Improvement in antifouling by surface modification is also a popular topic in the membrane industries. In the last 8 years, tremendous research efforts have been made on the development of antifouling membranes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Optical emission spectrometry with an inductively coupled plasma operated in argon-nitrogen atmosphere (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTOptical emission spectrometry with an inductively coupled plasma operated in argon-nitrogen atmosphereAkbar. Montaser and J. MortazaviCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 2, 255–259Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50052a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50052a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views380Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Critical Review of Aqueous Solution Reaction Rate Constants for Hydrogen Atoms (2011)

Kinetic data published in the peer-reviewed literature over the period of 1988–2007 for H⋅ radical reactions with molecules and ions derived from inorganic and organic solutes in aqueous solution have been critically reviewed. Rate constants for over 250 reactions, as studied by pulse radiolysis, end-product analysis, and other methods, have been tabulated.
The Probabilistic Minimum Vertex‐covering Problem (2002)

An instance of the probabilistic vertex‐covering problem is a pair ( G =( V , E ),Pr) obtained by associating with each vertex υ i ∈ V an ‘occurrence’ probability p i . We consider a modification strategy Μ transforming a vertex cover C for G into a vertex cover C I for the subgraph of G induced by a vertex‐set I ⊆ V . The objective for the probabilistic vertex‐covering is to determine a vertex cover of G minimizing the sum, over all subsets I ⊆ V , of the products: probability of I times C I . In this paper, we study the complexity of optimally solving probabilistic vertex‐covering.
Validation of 15 microsatellites for parentage testing in North American bison, <i>Bison bison</i> and domestic cattle (2000)

Fifteen bovine microsatellites were evaluated for use in parentage testing in 725 bison from 14 public populations, 178 bison from two private ranches and 107 domestic cattle from five different breeds. The number of alleles per locus ranged from five to 16 in bison and from five to 13 in cattle. On average, expected heterozygosity, polymorphism information content (PIC) and probability of exclusion values were slightly lower in bison than in cattle. A core set of 12 loci was further refined to produce a set of multiplexed markers suitable for routine parentage testing. Assuming one known parent, the core set of markers provides exclusion probabilities in bison of 0.9955 and in cattle of 0.9995 averaged across all populations or breeds tested. Tests of Hardy-Weinberg and linkage equilibrium showed only minor deviations. This core set of 12 loci represent a powerful and efficient method for determining parentage in North American bison and domestic cattle.
Cdc42Hs, but Not Rac1, Inhibits Serum-stimulated Cell Cycle Progression at G1/S through a Mechanism Requiring p38/RK (1997)

Antimitogenic stimuli such as environmental or genotoxic stress, transforming growth factor-beta, and the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 activate two extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-based signaling pathways: the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathway and the p38 pathway. Activated p38 phosphorylates transcription factors important in the regulation of cell growth and apoptosis, including activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), Max, cAMP response element-binding protein-homologous protein/growth arrest DNA damage 153 (CHDP/GADD153). In turn, p38 lies downstream of the Rho family GTPases Cdc42Hs and Rac1, as well as at least three mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-kinases (MEKs): MAPK kinases-3, -6, and SAPK/ERK-kinase-1. Although many of the stimuli that activate p38 can also inhibit cell cycle progression, a clear-cut role for the p38 pathway in cell cycle regulation has not been established. Using a quantitative microinjection approach, we show here that Cdc42Hs, but not Rac1 or RhoA, can inhibit cell cycle progression at G1/S through a mechanism requiring activation of p38. These results suggest a novel role for Cdc42Hs in cell cycle inhibition. Furthermore, these results suggest that although both Cdc42Hs and Rac1 can activate p38 in situ, the effects of Cdc42Hs and Rac1 on cell cycle progression are, in fact, quite distinct.
Marine Biofilms (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Biofilm Development Composition of Microbial Biofilms Biofilm Dynamics Signalling in Biofilms Prokaryote–Eukaryote Interactions in Biofilms Conclusions Acknowledgements Dedication References
Surface Graft Copolymerization of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Film with Simultaneous Lamination to Copper Foil (1999)

Abstract Surface thermal graft copolymerization with concurrent lamination was carried out between an Ar plasma pretreated poly(vinyh'dene fluoride) (PVDF) film and a copper foil in the presence of a small quantity of a N-containing monomer, such as 4-vinyl pyridine (4-VPN) and acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), under atmospheric conditions and in the complete absence of an added polymerization initiator and system degassing. The adhesion strength, as reported by T-peel strength, was dependent on the argon plasma pretreatment time of the PVDF film, the thermal lamination temperature and the type of monomer. An optimum T-peel adhesion of about 10 N/cm was readily achieved in the Cu/PVDF laminate for grafting and lamination carried out in the presence of 4-VPN. A lower adhesion strength was obtained using ACMO and other N-containing monomers. The chemical compositions of the graft copolymerized and delaminated sample surfaces were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The failure mode of the Cu/4-VPN/PVDF assembly was a combined adhesional and cohesive failure. The strong adhesion between the Cu foil and the PVDF film arises from the strong charge transfer interaction between Cu and the pyridine ring, as well as the fact that the graft chains are covalently tethered on the PVDF films surfaces as a result of surface graft copolymerization. Key Words: Poly(vinylidene fluoridecopperplasmagraft copolymerizationlamination4-vinyl pyridineXPS
Genome Mapping by Fluorescent Fingerprinting (1997)

The construction of sequence-ready maps of overlapping genomic clones is central to large-scale genome sequencing. We have implemented a method for fluorescent fingerprinting of bacterial clones to assemble contig maps. The method utilizes three spectrally distinct fluorescently tagged dideoxy ATPs to specifically label the HindIII termini in HindIII and Sau3AI restriction digests of clones that are multiplexed prior to electrophoresis and data collection. There is excellent reproducibility of raw data, improved resolution of large fragments, and concordance between the results obtained using this and the equivalent radioactive protocol. This method also allows detection of smaller overlaps between clones when compared to the analysis of restriction digests on nondenaturing agarose gels.
Mallarmé's Interior Designs (2004)

This article approaches Mallarmé's poetic theory and practice via his interest in furniture and the arrangement of interior spaces. In exploring this neglected aspect of Mallarmé's writings, I seek to dispel the image of a writer whose gaze is turned away from the world we inhabit, and also to show how the human duty to 'arrange'— be it words or things — lies at the heart of Mallarmé's aesthetics. Having taken issue with the arguments of Yves Bonnefoy, who sees Mallarmé as having abandoned his pursuit of the absolute in favour of the 'futility' of everyday objects (in the Vers de circonstance), and of Daniel Oster, who sees in Mallarmé's 'minor writings' an early version if postmodernist irony at the expense of myths and grand narratives, I examine Mallarmé's interest in 'interior design' under four headings: the biographical, thematic, formal, and metaphysical. Far from disdaining objects, this Mallarmé revels in them, not in literal-minded renuciation of the quest for significance but rather with the aim of finding in even the most inconsequential piece of matter — say, a piece of candied fruit or an empty vase — a symbolic pattern that can palliate our existential anguish in a godless world.
Gastrointestinal actions of metoclopramide. An experimental study. (1967)

Summary The gastrointestinal actions of metoclopramide [ N -(diethylaminoethyl)-2-methoxy-4-amino-5-chlorobenz amide] have been investigated in experimental animals. This compound was found to stimulate gastric contractile activity in anesthetized and unanesthetized dogs and to accelerate stomach emptying in rats and monkeys. No significant increase in gastric acid secretion could be demonstrated in either rat or dog. The gastric motor stimulation was antagonized by anti cholinergics and morphine, but was not blocked by vagotomy or a ganglionic blocking drug. The action of metoclopramide appears to involve activation of intramural cholinergic neurons respon sible for modifying gastric motility but notacid secretion, either by a direct stimulation or by removal of inhibitory influences.
Isotropic Lifshitz Behavior in Block Copolymer-Homopolymer Blends (1995)

A series of mixtures composed of a symmetric $A\ensuremath{-}B$ diblock copolymer and a symmetric blend of $A$ and $B$ homopolymers was investigated by small-angle neutron scattering. Mean-field theory predicts that a line of lamellar-disorder transitions with wave-vector instability ${q}^{*}>0$ will meet a line of critical points with ${q}^{*}=0$ in the three-component mixture at an isotropic Lifshitz point. Mean-field Lifshitz behavior ($\ensuremath{\gamma}=1$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{1}{4}$) was observed in the disordered state at the anticipated composition to within 1 K of the phase transition.