gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>In vitro</i> toxicity test of 2‐cyanoacrylate polymers by cell culture method (1990)

The inhibition of Swiss 3T3 cell growth by the microspheres prepared from various 2-cyanoacrylate polymers was investigated to assess their cell toxicity. Poly(ethoxy-ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate) and poly(methyl 2-cyanoacrylate) microspheres inhibited cell growth in a smaller amount than poly-(isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate) and poly (ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate) microspheres. The extent of cell growth inhibition by the microspheres decreased with the increasing molecular weight, regardless of the kind of polymers used. Every kind of the microspheres was degraded releasing formaldehyde in the culture medium. The cell growth inhibition by the medium containing the microspheres was observed within 24 h for poly(ethoxyethyl 2-cyanoacrylate) and poly(methyl 2-cyanoacrylate). The extent of inhibition was in a linear proportion with the amount of formaldehyde released. It is concluded that the cell toxicity of 2-cyanoacrylate polymers is attributed to formaldehyde released upon polymer degradation.
Glass Paper Chromatography of Long-Chain Fatty Acids, Brominated Derivatives, and Methyl Esters (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlass Paper Chromatography of Long-Chain Fatty Acids, Brominated Derivatives, and Methyl EstersR. L. Ory, W. G. Bickford, and J. W. DieckertCite this: Anal. Chem. 1959, 31, 8, 1447Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1959https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60152a012RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (792 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Combined linear pre-equalization and BLAST equalization with channel correlation feedback (2003)

In this letter, we study linear pre-equalization in conjunction with BLAST equalization. Linear pre-equalization is based on the assumption that the channel state information available at the transmitter is limited to the second order statistics of channel and noise (long term channel state information or LT-CSI). Through simulations, we compare different design criteria for the pre-equalizer and show the advantages of the considered structure with respect to BLAST.
On/Off Control of Boost PFC Converters to Improve Light-Load Efficiency in Paralleled Power Supply Units for Servers (2013)

This paper proposes an on/off control of boost power factor correction (PFC) converters to improve the light-load efficiency in paralleled power supply units (PSUs) for servers. The proposed scheme operates the PFC stages of two paralleled PSUs alternately during one cycle of a 60-Hz ac input only at light loads. This improves the light-load efficiency without deteriorating the heavy-load efficiency by reducing load-independent losses such as capacitive turn-on and core losses. In addition, the proposed scheme alleviates the harmonic distortion by reducing the discontinuous conduction mode region. Experimental results from 1.6-kW PFC boost converters are shown to verify the proposed work.
The Comparison Study of Adult Female Mosquito Collecting Efficiency by the Three Selective Mosquito Traps from Korean Rural Areas (2011)

We used the three kinds of mosquito traps (Black-hole with UV light, CO2-baited Mos-hole with the newly developed attracting-solvent, CO2-baited DMS; Digital Mosquito Monitoring System) to know their collecting efficiency for the female mosquitoes in Korean rural areas. The Black-hole mosquito trap caught many kinds of insects including only few female mosquitoes. The Black-hole trap has the UV-light and the light seemed to attract other terrestrial and aquatic insects, such as the common flies, May flies, and the stone flies. Even though the trap was developed to collect mosquitoes, the trap caught only few of female mosquitoes less than 1% of all insects caught. Their selective efficiency to collect the female mosquitoes was relatively lower than other two kinds of traps. The Mos-hole and CO2-baited DMS traps had the collecting efficiency of over 80% to collect the female mosquitoes. The two traps caught the relatively lower number (less than 3% of total insects) of other insects, such as few Coleoptera and Diptera, and their collecting efficiency for the female mosquitoes was very higher. Generally speaking, mosquitoes disliked the UV light but they relatively preferred CO2 gas including the attracting-solvent. They had also been attracted the acidic solvent with CO2 gas. If we could use the efficient and selective mosquito traps with the fully understanding about the mosquito habits, we could assume that we can keep the biodiversity high around the mosquito habitats as well as to save money for the insect pest control.
In vitro genetic transfer of protein synthesis and respiration defects to mitochondrial DNA-less cells with myopathy-patient mitochondria. (1991)

A severe mitochondrial protein synthesis defect in myoblasts from a patient with mitochondrial myopathy was transferred with myoblast mitochondria into two genetically unrelated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-less human cell lines, pointing to an mtDNA alteration as being responsible and sufficient for causing the disease. The transfer of the defect correlated with marked deficiencies in respiration and cytochrome c oxidase activity of the transformants and the presence in their mitochondria of mtDNA carrying a tRNA(Lys) mutation. Furthermore, apparently complete segregation of the defective genotype and phenotype was observed in the transformants derived from the heterogeneous proband myoblast population, suggesting that the mtDNA heteroplasmy in this population was to a large extent intercellular. The present work thus establishes a direct link between mtDNA alteration and a biochemical defect.
Dynamic global packet routing in wireless networks (2002)

We consider schemes for reuse-efficient packet access in wireless data networks. We show that computing the maximum ergodic packet arrival rate is NP-hard. We give an upper bound on the maximum ergodic throughput in terms of the eigenvalues of matrices related to the path-gain matrix. We present simple, practical heuristic algorithms which exhibit good throughput and packet delay and report on results of preliminary simulations. More sophisticated algorithms that yield optimal throughput are also presented. A recent result of McKeown, Anantharam and Walrand (1996) on scheduling of input-queued switches is obtained as a by-product.
Photonic crystal based integration (2003)

Photonic crystals provide a new platform for miniaturised integrated optical circuits and offer new functionalities in dispersion engineering and WDM components.
Normalized partial distortion search algorithm for block motion estimation (2000)

Many fast block-matching algorithms reduce computations by limiting the number of checking points. They can achieve high computation reduction, but often result in relatively higher matching error compared with the full-search algorithm. A novel fast block-matching algorithm named normalized partial distortion search is proposed. The proposed algorithm reduces computations by using a halfway-stop technique in the calculation of the block distortion measure. In order to increase the probability of early rejection of non-possible candidate motion vectors, the proposed algorithm normalized the accumulated partial distortion and the current minimum distortion before comparison. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can maintain its mean square error performance very close to the full-search algorithm while achieving an average computation reduction of 12-13 times, with respect to the full-search algorithm.
Cancers and immune related diseases associated with Down's syndrome: a record linkage study (2005)

Objective To determine the risk of cancers and selected immune‐related diseases in people with Down's syndrome, relative to risk in other people. Design Cohort analysis of a linked dataset of abstracts of hospital and death records; results expressed as the ratios of rates of disease in people with and without Down's syndrome. Setting The former Oxford health region, England, 1963–1999. Subjects Cohort of 1453 people with Down's syndrome and cohort of 460 000 people with other conditions for comparison. Main outcomes As expected, the rate ratio for leukaemia was substantially elevated in people with Down's syndrome: it was 19‐fold higher (95% confidence intervals 10.4–31.5) than the rate in the comparison cohort. For other cancers combined, excluding leukaemia, the rate ratio was not significantly elevated (1.2; 0.6–2.2). The risk of testicular cancer was increased (12.0; 2.5–35.6), although this was based on only three cases in the cohort of subjects with Down's syndrome. Significantly, elevated risks were found for coeliac disease (4.7; 1.3–12.2), acquired hypothyroidism (9.4; 3.4, 20.5), other thyroid disorders, and type 1 diabetes mellitus (2.8; 1.0–6.1). A decreased risk was found for asthma (0.4; 0.2–0.6). Conclusions Our data add to the body of information on the risks of co‐morbidity in people with Down's syndrome. The finding on asthma needs to be confirmed or refuted by other studies.
Firefly Luciferase:  Alteration of the Color of Emitted Light Resulting from Substitutions at Position 286 (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTFirefly Luciferase: Alteration of the Color of Emitted Light Resulting from Substitutions at Position 286Sergey V. Mamaev, Andrei L. Laikhter, Tuncer Arslan, and Sidney M. HechtView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and Biology University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 30, 7243–7244Publication Date (Web):July 31, 1996Publication History Received1 April 1996Published online31 July 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja961053chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja961053crapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views868Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Bioluminescent probes,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Post-translational modification,Quantum mechanics Get e-Alerts
Sol-Gel Deposited Electrochromic Films for Electrochromic Smart Window Glass (1996)

Electrochromic windows offer the ability to dynamically change the transmittance of a glazing. With the appropriate sensor and controls, this smart window can be used for energy regulation and glare control for a variety of glazing applications. The most promising are building and automotive applications. This work covers the use of sol-gel deposition processes to make active films for these windows. The sol-gel process offers a low-capital investment for the deposition of these active films. Sol-gel serves as an alternative to more expensive vacuum deposition processes. The sol-gel process utilizes solution coating followed by a hydrolysis and condensation. In this investigation the authors report on tungsten oxide and nickel oxide films made by the sol-gel process for electrochromic windows. The properties of the sol-gel films compare favorably to those of films made by other techniques. A typical laminated electrochromic window consists of two glass sheets coated with transparent conductors, which are coated with the active films. The two sheets are laminated together with an ionically conductive polymer. The range of visible transmission modulation of the tungsten oxide was 60% and for the nickel oxide was 20%. The authors used the device configuration of glass/SnO{sub 2}:F/W0{sub 3}/polymer/Li{sub Z}NiO{sub x}H{sub y}/SnO{sub 2}:F glass to test the films. The nickel oxide layer had a low level of lithiation and possibly contained a small amount of water. Lithiated oxymethylene-linked poly(ethylene oxide) was used as the laminating polymer. Commercially available SnO{sub 2}:F/glass (LOF-Tec glass) was used as the transparent conducting glass. The authors found reasonable device switching characteristics which could be used for devices.
Managing your diabetes during the pandemic (2020)

Are you having trouble managing your diabetes amid the pandemic? Consumer Reports shares some steps you can take to stay healthy and safe.
An Improved Method for the Determination of Pseudo-Relative Permeability Data for Stratified Systems (1982)

ABSTRACT A procedure for modifying relative permeabilities for use in an areal model becomes necessitated in reservoir cases for which vertical equilibrium pseudo functions are not applicable and the displacement process is dominated by viscous horizontal flow. In practice, the areal model representation of stratified flow in such cases will lie between the extremes of the performance of a homogeneous layer of parallel-average permeability and the performance of a series of non-communicating layers. To date, the only analytical method specifically developed to approximate viscous flow in a stratified reservoir with an areal model is attributed to Hearn. This method employed the assumption of a unit mobility ratio displacement to generate pseudo relative permeability curves reflecting an instantaneous change from non-wetting phase to wetting phase production at each layer breakthrough. Due to this assumption, the history match procedure involved correcting for both the effects of crossflow and subordinate non-wetting phase production after breakthrough. A technique has been developed to account for the effects of subordinate phase production in a non-unit mobility ratio displacement occuring in noncomrnunieating layers. This adaptation is an improvement to the original method of Hearn, providing both a closer initial approximation to reservoir fluid flow in stratified systems, as well as affording a consistent basis for history matching through adjustments to relative permeability.
Optical implementation of bipolar codes (1999)

The physical implementation of a bipolar encoding scheme suitable for WDM fiber-optic networks is reported with both experimental and theoretical results. The power spectrum of an erbium-doped superfluorescent fiber source is encoded, the bipolar correlations of the codes are verified, and rejection of multiple-access interference is demonstrated in a fiber-based testbed. Simulations of the correlation process identify key optical parameters and physical characteristics important to the design of future systems. A modification to the experimental testbed, made according to the theoretical analysis, results in improved correlation performance.
Rheological properties of alumina injection feedstocks (2005)

The rheological behavior of alumina molding feedstocks containing polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylbutyral (PVB) and stearic acid (SA) and having different powder loads were analyzed using a capillary rheometer. Some of the feedstocks showed a pseudoplastic behavior of n < 0, which can lead to the appearance of weld lines on molded parts. Their viscosity also displayed a strong dependence on the shear rate. The slip phenomenon, which can cause an unsteady front flow, was also observed. The results indicate that the feedstock containing a lower powder load displayed the best rheological behavior. The 55 vol. % powder loaded feedstock presented the best rheological behavior, thus appearing to be more suitable than the formulation containing a vol. 59% powder load, which attained viscosities exceeding 10³ Pa.s at low shear rates, indicating its unsuitability for injection molding.
Flavitrack analysis of the structure and function of West Nile non-structural proteins (2010)

The Flavitrack database groups Flaviviruses (FV), evolutionarily related organisms with high subtype variability, according to their phenotypes. Here, PCPMer tools were used to calculate consensus sequences based on conservation of Physicochemical Properties (PCP) for 919 sequences of NS2a, a non-structural protein involved in preventing host interferon response to infection. Conserved PCP-motifs were detected, primarily in the N-terminal half of NS2a. One model structure, based on a nuclear receptor, groups residues essential for West Nile (WN) infectivity (I59, V61, and M103) in a pocket on the protein surface. These methods will aid in the design of vaccines and specific therapies against FV.
Artificial Muscles for Humanoid Robots (2007)

It is important to recall that humanoid robot technology derives from the technology of industrial robots. It is obvious that the developments of bipedal robots such as the integration of robot-upper limbs to complex anthropomorphic structures have benefited from progress in mechanical structures, sensors and actuators used in industrial robot-arms. A direct link is sometimes made between the technology of redundant robot-arms and humanoid robots as underlined in some technical documents of the Japanese AIST where it clearly appears that the HRP2 humanoid robot upper limb is directly derived from the Mitsubshi PA10 7R industrial robot-arm. D u e t o i t s h i g h n u m b e r o f d e g r e e s o f f r e e d o m i n c o m p a r i s o n t o i n d u s t r i a l r o b o t s , a humanoid robot requires great compactness of all actuator and sensor components. This is why we believe that the harmonic drive technology associated with direct current electric motor technology has played a non-negligible part in humanoid robot development. The DC actuator offers the great advantage of being a straightforward technology, associated with simple and well-known physical models, its integration into mobile robots benefits from new developments in embedded batteries. However, its low maximum-torque-onmass and maximum-torque-on-volume ratios are a serious drawback for its use in direct drive apparatuses. On the other hand, the ability of electric motors to generate very high velocities in comparison with moderate jointed velocities needed by industrial robot-arms and more by jointed anthropomorphic limbs, gives the possibility of using high ratio speed reducers to amplify motor-torque. Moreover, the choice of a high ratio speed reducer offers the advantage of masking inertial perturbations such as external torque perturbations. The technical achievement of such ratios induces specific mechanical difficulties due to the bulkiness of successive gears; harmonic drive technology -represented for example by Harmonic Drive AG -resolves this problem in a very elegant manner: the harmonic drive and the actuator fit together without excessive increase in mass and volume in comparison with the actuator alone. It can be considered that most of today's humanoid robots are actuated by DC motors with harmonic drives (this actuation mode is mentioned, for example, by Honda from its first paper about the P2 robot onwards But if this technology simplifies actuator mechanical integration and leads to the use of simple joint linear control, despite the highly non-linear character of robot dynamics, it is well-known that the use of a speed reducer multiplies the
Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Maintains the Contractile Phenotype of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Interacting With α <sub>7</sub> β <sub>1</sub> Integrin (2009)

Our data suggest that COMP is essential for maintaining a VSMC contractile phenotype and the protective effects of COMP are mainly mediated through interaction with alpha(7)beta(1) integrin. Investigations to identify the factors affecting the expression and integrity of COMP may provide a novel therapeutic target for vascular disorders.