gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Platelet-activating factor antagonists suppress the generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and superoxide induced by lipopolysaccharide or phorbol ester in rat liver macrophages. (1994)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been shown to play an important role in the generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and superoxide in guinea pig peritoneal macrophages. In this study, the effects of the PAF receptor antagonists, WEB 2170 and RP 59277, and of a PAF analogue, HAGPT, on TNF-alpha and superoxide production by rat Kupffer cells was investigated. The liver macrophages produced very little TNF-alpha and superoxide when exposed to PAF, but released substantial amounts of superoxide following treatment with zymosan or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). WEB 2170 not only inhibited the generation of superoxide by PMA but also suppressed the LPS-induced TNF-alpha synthesis by Kupffer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Northern blot analysis revealed that the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Kupffer cells was partially abrogated by WEB 2170 or RP 59227. Furthermore, WEB 2170 reduced the PMA-induced leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from Kupffer cells in a dose-dependent manner. These data suggest that TNF-alpha and superoxide syntheses in Kupffer cells are rather insensitive to exogenous PAF. On the other hand, the PAF antagonists used in this study interfere with the transduction of the signals induced by LPS, PMA or zymosan. It is questionable whether the PAF receptor of the plasma membrane is involved in the inflammatory response of rat Kupffer cells.
Estimation of the end-of-life optical properties of Z-93 thermal control coating for the Space Station Freedom (1992)

This paper describes an approach to estimating the 30-year end-of-life optical properties of Z-93 white, thermal control coating on the Space Station Freedom. Estimations of the 30-year end-of-life properties of thermal control coatings are necessary for sizing the thermal radiators. The available flight and ground data and computer generated contamination models are used to predict the effects of ground handling, exposure to UV radiation, and on-orbit contamination on the optical properties of Z-93. The solar absorptance for portions of the thermal control system radiator surfaces is predicted to change from 0.15 to 0.36 after 30 years of low earth orbit environmental exposure. The infrared emittance is predicted to change from 0.92 to 0.90.
Managing the real-time behaviour of a particle beam factory: the CERN Proton Synchrotron complex and its timing system principles (1998)

In the CERN 26 GeV Proton Synchrotron (PS) accelerator network, super-cycles are defined as sequences of different kinds of beams produced repetitively. Each of these beams is characterised by attributes such as particle type, beam energy, its route through the accelerator network, and the final end user. The super-cycle is programmed by means of an editor through which the operational requirements of the physics programme can be described. Each beam in the normal sequence may later be replaced by a set of spare beams automatically depending on software and hardware interlocks and requests presented to the Master Timing Generator. The MTG calculates at run time how each beam is to be manufactured, and sends a telegram message to each accelerator, just before each cycle, describing what it should be doing now and during the next cycle. These messages, together with key machine timing events and clocks are encoded onto a timing distribution drop net where they are distributed around the PS complex to VME-standard timing reception TG8 modules which generate output pulses and VME bus interrupts for task synchronisation. The TG8 modules are able to use accelerator-related clocks such as the incremental/decremental magnetic field trains, or the beam revolution and radio frequencies to produce high precision beam synchronous timing. Timing Surveillance Modules (TSM) monitor these timings, which give high precision interval measurements used for the machine tuning, beam diagnostics, and fault detection systems.
Development of clover yellow vein virus as an efficient, stable gene‐expression system for legume species (2000)

A highly infectious cDNA clone of clover yellow vein virus (pClYVV) was tested as a viral vector, especially for legume species. The genes for green fluorescent protein (GFP) and soybean glutamine synthetase (GS) were inserted between the genes for P1 and HC-Pro on pClYVV to create three recombinant plasmids: pClYVV-GFP, pClYVV-GFP-GS, and pClYVV-GFP:GS. In the former two constructs all the junctions between the inserted proteins contained the sequences of protease cleavage recognition sites, whereas the third construct expressed a fusion of GFP and GS. Western blot analyses showed that GFP and GS appeared to have been precisely excised from the viral polyprotein with the viral proteases (P1 and NIa). Under UV irradiation, green fluorescence was detected in infected broad bean, kidney bean, and soybean plants. The stability of the constructs in the symptomatic tissues was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The plants expressing GS together with GFP became tolerant to the herbicide glufosinate, and flowered early. As the GS gene, one of the nodulin genes for nitrogen fixation, is expressed in legume species, this system will be useful for examining the function of genes important to legume plants.
Growth Reproducibiuty and Temperature Dependencies of the Static Properties of YSmLuCaFeGe Garnet (1976)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation G. G. Sumner, W. R. Cox; Growth Reproducibiuty and Temperature Dependencies of the Static Properties of YSmLuCaFeGe Garnet. AIP Conf. Proc. 1 September 1976; 34 (1): 157–159. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2946048 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Synthetic and natural <i>Escherichia coli</i> free lipid A express identical endotoxic activities (1985)

The recently chemically synthesized Escherichia coli lipid A and the natural free lipid A of E. coli were compared with respect to their endotoxic activities in the following test systems: lethal toxicity, pyrogenicity, local Shwartzman reactivity, Limulus amoebocyte lysate gelation capacity, tumour necrotizing activity, B cell mitogenicity, induction of prostaglandin synthesis in macrophages, and antigenic specificity. It was found that synthetic and natural free lipid A exhibit identical activities and are indistinguishable in all tests.
All T15 Id-positive antibodies (but not the majority of V<sub>H</sub>T15<sup>+</sup> antibodies) are produced by peritoneal CD5<sup>+</sup> B lymphocytes (1990)

After adult irradiation and reconstitution with autologous bone marrow, BALB/c and C.B20 mice no longer utilize the T15 Id in response to phosphorylcholine. T15 Id expression can be restored by transfers of peritoneal B cells or by FACS-purified CD5+ IgM+ lymphocytes (but not by T lymphocytes) from syngeneic donors. Using bone marrow and peritoneal cell donors that are congeneic for heavy and light chain allotypes, the exclusive origin of the T15 Id in peritoneal B cells was ascertained. These conclusions have been essentially confirmed by immunization with either anti-T15 Id or anti-VHT15 antibodies conjugated to lipopolysaccharide. Thus, the production of VHT15-positive antibodies continues at control levels in bone marrow-reconstituted animals while no T15 Id production can be stimulated even in this protocol of direct B cell stimulation. These results constitute the first formal demonstration of the exclusive production of and Id by CD5+ B-cells.
Full-Gradient Representation for Neural Network Visualization (2019)

We introduce a new tool for interpreting neural net responses, namely full-gradients, which decomposes the neural net response into input sensitivity and per-neuron sensitivity components. This is the first proposed representation which satisfies two key properties: completeness and weak dependence, which provably cannot be satisfied by any saliency map-based interpretability method. For convolutional nets, we also propose an approximate saliency map representation, called FullGrad, obtained by aggregating the full-gradient components. We experimentally evaluate the usefulness of FullGrad in explaining model behaviour with two quantitative tests: pixel perturbation and remove-and-retrain. Our experiments reveal that our method explains model behaviour correctly, and more comprehensively than other methods in the literature. Visual inspection also reveals that our saliency maps are sharper and more tightly confined to object regions than other methods.
Characterization of the Chloride Channel-Like, AtCLCg, Involved in Chloride Tolerance in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2015)

In plant cells, anion channels and transporters are essential for key functions such as nutrition, ion homeostasis and resistance to biotic or abiotic stresses. We characterized AtCLCg, a member of the chloride channel (CLC) family in Arabidopsis localized in the vacuolar membrane. When grown on NaCl or KCl, atclcg knock-out mutants showed a decrease in biomass. In the presence of NaCl, these mutants overaccumulate chloride in shoots. No difference in growth was detected in response to osmotic stress by mannitol. These results suggest a physiological function of AtCLCg in the chloride homeostasis during NaCl stress. AtCLCg shares a high degree of identity (62%) with AtCLCc, another vacuolar CLC essential for NaCl tolerance. However, the atclcc atclccg double mutant is not more sensitive to NaCl than single mutants. As the effects of both mutations are not additive, gene expression analyses were performed and revealed that: (i)AtCLCg is expressed in mesophyll cells, hydathodes and phloem while AtCLCc is expressed in stomata; and (ii)AtCLCg is repressed in the atclcc mutant background, and vice versa. Altogether these results demonstrate that both AtCLCc and AtCLCg are important for tolerance to excess chloride but not redundant, and form part of a regulatory network controlling chloride sensitivity.
Exogenous Recombinant Dimeric Neuropilin-1 Is Sufficient to Drive Angiogenesis (2010)

Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is present on the cell surface of endothelial cells, or as a soluble truncated variant. Membrane NRP-1 is proposed to enhance angiogenesis by promoting the formation of a signaling complex between vascular endothelial growth factor-A(165) (VEGF-A(165)), VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and heparan sulfate, whereas the soluble NRP-1 is thought to act as an antagonist of signaling complex formation. We have analyzed the angiogenic potential of a chimera comprising the entire extracellular NRP-1 region dimerized through an Fc IgG domain and a monomeric truncated NRP-1 variant. Both NRP-1 proteins stimulated tubular morphogenesis and cell migration in HDMECs and HUVECs. Fc rNRP-1 was able to induce VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and expression of the VEGFR-2 specific target, regulator of calcineurin-1 (RCAN1.4). siRNA mediated gene silencing of VEGFR-2 revealed that VEGFR-2 was required for Fc rNRP-1 mediated activation of the intracellular signaling proteins PLC-γ, AKT, and MAPK and tubular morphogenesis. The stimulatory activity was independent of VEGF-A(165). This was evidenced by depleting the cell culture of exogenous VEGF-A(165), and using instead for routine culture VEGF-A(121), which does not interact with NRP-1, and by the inability of VEGF-A sequestering antibodies to inhibit the angiogenic activity of the NRP proteins. Analysis of angiogenesis over a period of 6 days in an in vitro fibroblast/endothelial co-culture model revealed that Fc rNRP-1 could induce endothelial cell tubular morphogenesis. Thus, we conclude that soluble Fc rNRP-1 is a VEGF-A(165)-independent agonist of VEGFR-2 and stimulates angiogenesis in endothelial cells.
3D microstructures integrated with optical waveguides and photodiodes on silicon (2002)

This paper reports experimental realization of 3D microstructures (cantilevers) integrated with optical waveguides and photodiodes on silicon, in order to obtain opto-electro-mechanical microsystems. The freestanding structures were released by anisotropic front side etching in KOH solutions and consist of a SiO/sub 2//SiON/SiO/sub 2/ sandwich, with excellent mechanical properties. The fabrication of micromechanical and microoptical elements is compatible with the materials and processes used in conventional IC technology.
Leapfrog Triejoin: A Simple, Worst-Case Optimal Join Algorithm (2014)

Recent years have seen exciting developments in join algorithms. In 2008, Atserias, Grohe and Marx (henceforth AGM) proved a tight bound on the maximum result size of a full conjunctive query, given constraints on the input relation sizes. In 2012, Ngo, Porat, Re and Rudra (henceforth NPRR) devised a join algorithm with worst-case running time proportional to the AGM bound [8]. Our commercial database system LogicBlox employs a novel join algorithm, leapfrog triejoin, which compared conspicuously well to the NPRR algorithm in preliminary benchmarks. This spurred us to analyze the complexity of leapfrog triejoin. In this paper we establish that leapfrog triejoin is also worst-case optimal, up to a log factor, in the sense of NPRR. We improve on the results of NPRR by proving that leapfrog triejoin achieves worst-case optimality for finer-grained classes of database instances, such as those defined by constraints on projection cardinalities. We show that NPRR is not worst-case optimal for such classes, giving a counterexample where leapfrog triejoin runs in O(n logn) time and NPRR runs in (n1:375) time. On a practical note, leapfrog triejoin can be implemented using conventional data structures such as B-trees, and extends naturally to 91 queries. We believe our algorithm oers a useful addition to the existing toolbox of join algorithms, being easy to absorb, simple to implement, and having a concise optimality proof.
Protection against progressive atrophic rhinitis by vaccination with Pasteurella multocida toxin purified by monoclonal antibodies (1989)

Pasteurella multocida toxin was purified by affinity chromatography and inactivated by treatment with formaldehyde before use as a single component vaccine against progressive atrophic rhinitis in pigs. Twenty pregnant gilts which were vaccinated twice before farrowing with either low or high doses of the purified toxoid, developed dose-dependent positive serum and colostrum titres to the toxin and, unlike the progeny of 10 untreated control gilts, the offspring of the vaccinated gilts also had serum titres. These titres could be measured in blood samples taken for more than eight weeks from birth for most pigs born to gilts vaccinated with low doses and more than 12 weeks for pigs born to gilts vaccinated with high doses of the vaccine. All the piglets were inoculated intranasally with Bordetella bronchiseptica and toxigenic P multocida. The clinical and post mortem examinations of snouts revealed a significant reduction in the frequency and degree of conchal atrophy in the two groups of pigs from the vaccinated gilts compared with the pigs from control gilts. Clinically 90 per cent of the snouts of pigs born to vaccinated gilts appeared normal whereas only 28 per cent of the snouts of control pigs were not shortened or deviated at eight weeks of age. At slaughter 11 per cent of the pigs born to vaccinated gilts and 81 per cent of the control pigs had severe turbinate atrophy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Differences between passive-phase conjugation and decision-feedback equalizer for underwater acoustic communications (2004)

Passive-phase conjugation (PPC) uses passive time reversal to remove intersymbol interferences (ISIs) for acoustic communications in a multipath environment. It is based on the theory of signal propagation in a waveguide, which says that the Green's function (or the impulse-response function) convolved with its time-reversed conjugate, summed over a (large-aperture) vertical array of receivers (denoted as the Q function) is approximately a delta function in space and time. A decision feedback equalizer (DFE) uses a nonlinear filter to remove ISI based on the minimum mean-square errors (mmse) between the estimated symbols and the true (or decision) symbols. These two approaches are motivated by different principles. In this paper, we analyze both using a common framework. We note the commonality and differences, and pros and cons, between the two methods and compare their performance in realistic ocean environments, using simulated and at-sea data. The performance measures are mean-square error (mse), output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and bit-error rate (BER) as a function of the number of receivers. For a small number of receivers, the DFE outperforms PPC in all measures. The reason for poor PPC performance is that, for a small number of receivers, the Q function has nonnegligible sidelobes, resulting in nonzero ISI. As the number of receivers increases, the BER for both processors approaches zero, but at a different rate. The modeled performance differences (in mse and SNR) between PPC and DFE are in general agreement with the measured values from at-sea data, providing a basis for performance prediction.
Credentialing Preclinical Pediatric Xenograft Models Using Gene Expression and Tissue Microarray Analysis (2007)

Human tumor xenografts have been used extensively for rapid screening of the efficacy of anticancer drugs for the past 35 years. The selection of appropriate xenograft models for drug testing has been largely empirical and has not incorporated a similarity to the tumor type of origin at the molecular level. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome of a large set of pediatric xenografts, which are currently used for preclinical drug testing. Suitable models representing the tumor type of origin were identified. It was found that the characteristic expression patterns of the primary tumors were maintained in the corresponding xenografts for the majority of samples. Because a prerequisite for developing rationally designed drugs is that the target is expressed at the protein level, we developed tissue arrays from these xenografts and corroborated that high mRNA levels yielded high protein levels for two tested genes. The web database and availability of tissue arrays will allow for the rapid confirmation of the expression of potential targets at both the mRNA and the protein level for molecularly targeted agents. The database will facilitate the identification of tumor markers predictive of response to tested agents as well as the discovery of new molecular targets.
Shallow trench isolation for ultra-large-scale integrated devices (1994)

A new process to form shallow trench isolation for ultra-large-scale integrated devices is presented. This technique utilizes chemical mechanical polish steps to provide a virtual planar surface at the end of processing for isolations of various size, ranging from 0.5 μm to several hundred μm. Superior uniformity has been obtained on wafers of 8 in. diam processed in a productionlike environment. Good device isolation also has been found.
Learning to Predict Human Behavior from Video (2019)

In recent times, the field of computer vision has made great progress with recognizing and tracking people and their activities in videos. However, for systems designed to interact dynamically with humans, tracking and recognition are insufficient; the ability to predict behavior is requisite. In this thesis, we introduce various general frameworks for predict human behavior at three levels of granularity: events, motion, and dynamics. In Chapter 2, we present a system that is capable of predicting future events. In Chapter 3, we present a system that is capable of personalized prediction of the future motion of multi-agent, adversarial interactions. Finally, in Chapter 4, we present a framework for learning a representation of human dynamics that we can: 1) use to estimate the 3d pose and shape of people moving in videos, and 2) use to hallucinate the motion surrounding a single-frame snapshot. We conclude with several promising future directions for learning to predict human behavior from video.
Automatic synthesis of a 2.1 GHz SiGe low noise amplifier (2003)

A 2.1 GHz low noise amplifier in a 0.5 /spl mu/m 47 GHz SiGe BiCMOS process was synthesized and sent to fabrication. The circuit was synthesized to simultaneously meet multiple design specifications Including noise figure, gain, power, impedance match, intermodulation, compression, stability with a state-of-art simulation-based circuit synthesis tool. The synthesis setup took about two days, and the synthesis run took about 2 hours on a pool of 10 networked SUN workstations. Noise figure of 1.2 dB, power gain of 16 dB, IIP3 of -6 dB, S11 of less than -15 dB, were achieved with 3.7 mA bias current at 2.5 V power supply. Data generated during synthesis was processed to show design trade-offs among competing performance goals. The trade-off between optimum noise match and input impedance match Is discussed.
Memory address allocation method for a indirect addressing DSP with consideration of modification in local computational order (2003)

For DSPs of indirect memory addressing, a novel memory allocation method incorporated with rearrangement in local computational order is presented. At first, a given memory access sequence is translated into a graph notation, where several strategies to handle flexibilities in memory access orders at the computational commutative blocks are introduced. For the derived graph, an efficient memory allocation is determined by the memory allocation method based on the line graph extraction technique. According to the derived memory allocation, computational orders at the local parts are settled, so that the number of overhead codes associated by the corresponding memory accesses is minimized. The proposed methods are applied to the compiler for /spl mu/PD77230 (NEC), and codes generated for several examples show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Familial Congenital Heart Disease (1966)

The chromosomal complement was analyzed in 35 individuals, each selected because of proven cardiac anomaly in him and in one or more of his relatives. The study to date has also been extended to include chromosomal analyses of 29 other affected and 21 unaffected relatives, a total of 85 individuals. In four of the 35 index individuals a small chromosomal variant was found, and in each case it was shown to be familial; in all, variants were detected in 11 of the 85 persons examined. The various aberrations detected-an enlarged short arm of a member of group 13-15 in two families; heteromorphic nos. 16 in one family; satellites on a no. 17 in one family -are known to exist in apparently normal individuals in the general population. Neither the biological significance of these variants nor their relation to the etiology of cardiac anomalies can be established at present. However, the following working hypothesis has been developed: Small chromosomal variations in structure are transmitted in phenotypically normal individuals in the general population and constitute the chromosomal structural load ; when the relatively infrequent but inevitable genetic imbalance of an embryo occurs as the consequence of such a chromosomal polymorphism, it may cause embryonic maldevelopment. By this mechanism, the structural load would become responsible for a proportion of birth defects.