gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective homogeneous hydrogenation of triunsaturated fats catalyzed by tricarbonyl chromium complexes (1972)

Abstract The need for a selective catalyst to hydrogenate linolenate in soybean oil has prompted our continuing study of various model triunsaturated fats. Hydrogenation of methyl β ‐eleostearate (methyl trans,trans,trans ‐9,11,13‐octadecatrienoate) with Cr(CO) 3 complexes yielded diene products expected from 1,4‐addition ( trans ‐9, cis ‐12‐ and cis ‐10, trans ‐13‐octadecadienoates). With α ‐eleostearate ( cis,trans,trans ‐9,11,13‐octadecatrienoate), stereoselective 1,4‐reduction of the trans,trans ‐diene portion yielded linoleate ( cis,cis ‐9,12‐octadecadienoate). However, cis,trans ‐1,4‐dienes were also formed from the apparent isomerization of α ‐ to β ‐eleostearate. Hydrogenation of methyl linolenate (methyl cis,cis,cis ‐9,12,15‐octadecatrienoate) produced a mixture of isomeric dienes and monoenes attributed to conjugation occurring as an intermediate step. The hydrogenation of α ‐eleostearin in tung oil was more stereoselective in forming the cis,cis ‐diene than the corresponding methyl ester. Hydrogenation of linseed oil yielded a mixture of dienes and monoenes containing 7% trans unsaturation. We have suggested how the mechanism of stereoselective hydrogenation with Cr(CO) 3 catalysts can be applied to the problem of selective hydrogenation of linolenate in soybean oil.
A method of sterilizing and preserving fresh allograft heart valves (1972)

The present study was undertaken to find an antibiotic mixture which would rapidly and completely sterilize a heavily contaminated allograft heart valve without reducing its viability. Two different antibiotic combinations were used; formula A was used for 66 valves and formula B for 60 valves. Viability of the valves was assessed by autoradiography and tissue culture, and was found to be similar in both formulae. Formula B proved more effective; all valves were sterile after 24 hours9 exposure to the antibiotics and remained so thereafter. The period of viability was greatly extended when a nutrient medium was used to store the valves.
J- vs. H-type assembly: pentamethine cyanine (Cy5) as a near-IR chiroptical reporter (2013)

The DNA-enabled dimerization of pentamethine cyanine (Cy5) dyes was studied by optical methods. The value of cyanine as a chiroptical reporter using a monomer-to-dimer switch is demonstrated. The specific shape of the CD signal and its high intensity are a result of J-type assembly.
MORTALIDADE, SOBREVIVÊNCIA E LONGEVIDADE DE Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) NO AÇUDE ÁGUAS BELAS (VIAMÃO, RS, BRASIL) (TELEOSTEI, CICHLIDAE) (2001)

O estudo da mortalidade de Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) no açude Águas Belas, município de Viamão, RS foi baseado em coletas quinzenais realizadas entre setembro/ 1995 e agosto/1996, com o emprego de rede de arrasto de praia (picaré) e de tarrafa, ambas com malhagem de 0,5 cm entre nós adjacentes. Considerou-se a mortalidade total (Z) como sendo de mesmo valor que a mortalidade natural (M), já que não há nenhum esforço de pesca sobre a espécie, obtendo-se Z = 54 %. A sobrevivência (S) foi estimada em 46 %. A longevidade foi de 10,34 anos para as fêmeas e de 9,37 anos para os machos. Os parâmetros da curva de crescimento das fêmeas foram: Linf. = 18,54; k = 0,29 e to= 1,15.
Analysis of Referral Networks in Marketing: Methods and Illustration (1986)

Though many marketers—particularly those in the service sector—depend on word of mouth (WOM) for referrals, the traditional sample survey methodology used in previous WOM research does not explicate the interpersonal nature of informal communication. The authors propose network analysis as an alternative method for research on referral behavior. The sampling, data-gathering, and analytic aspects of referral network analysis are described in general terms and illustrated with a case study which, in addition to yielding interesting descriptive information about a service marketer's referral network, affords a test of the strength-of-ties hypothesis in influencing referral flows.
High-Throughput Analysis of Total Nitrogen Content that Replaces the Classic Kjeldahl Method (2001)

A high-throughput method for determination of total nitrogen content has been developed. The method involves decomposition of samples, followed by trapping and quantitative colorimetric determination of the resulting ammonia. The present method is rapid, facile, and economical. Thus, it can replace the classic Kjeldahl method through its higher efficiency for determining multiple samples. Compared to the classic method, the present method is economical and environmentally friendly. Based on the present method, a novel reactor was constructed to realize routine high-throughput analyses of multiple samples such as those found for pharmaceutical materials, foods, and/or excrements.
Adaptation of a T3-Uptake Test and of Radioimmunoassays for Serum Digoxin, Thyroxine, and Triiodothyronine to an Automated Radioimmunoassay System—"Centria" (1975)

We report the adaptation of four radioassays to the prototype of an automated radioimmunoassay system ("Centria," Union Carbide). The system consists of three integrated modules: (a) an automated pipettor, which dispenses samples and reagents; (b) the key module, an incubator/separator, in which centrifugal force is used to initiate and terminate multiple radioassay incubations and separations simultaneously; and (c) a gamma-counter/computer, which counts three tubes simultaneously and converts counts into concentration units. Radioimmunoassays for thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and digoxin were developed with use of well-characterized antibodies and of prepackaged Sephadex-containing columns to separate bound and free radioactive ligand. A triiodothyronine-uptake test in which the same kind of columns were used was also adapted to the instrument. Results for clinical samples compared favorably with those obtained by manual procedures. We report data on correlation between different methods and preliminary data on precision of the prototype system.
Simultaneous Modeling and Tracking (SMAT) of Feature Sets (2005)

A novel method for the simultaneous modeling and tracking (SMAT) of a feature set during motion sequence is proposed. The method requires no prior information. Instead the a posteriori distribution of appearance and shape is built up incrementally using an exemplar based approach. The resulting model is less optimal than when a priori data is used, but can be built in real-time. Data in any form may be used, provided a distance measure and a means to classify outliers exists. Here, a two tier implementation of SMAT is used: at the feature level, mutual information is used to track image patches; and at the object level, a structure model is built from the feature positions. As experiments demonstrate, the tracker is robust and operates in real-time without requiring prelearned data.
Limiting performance of a flame atomic-ionization spectrometer (1987)

Measurements have been made on multistage photoionization schemes for indium and lead in acetylene-air flames. Conditions have been identified where all the atoms in the excitable level are converted to ions. Limits of detection have been obtained for aqueous solutions of 4 x 10/sup -1/ pg/ml for In and 7 x 10/sup -1/ pg/ml for Pb. Ways are discussed of reducing these to about 10/sup -2/ pg/ml without increasing the laser energy.
The glucosyltransferases of <i>Streptococcus salivarius</i> (1994)

This review covers some of the more recent developments in the understanding of the different glucosyltransferases (GTFs) secreted by oral streptococci, particularly those produced by Streptococcus salivarius--a species that has been intensively studied at the Institute of Dental Research in Sydney.
Antifatigue Effect of Coenzyme Q10 in Mice (2010)

The aim of this study was to investigate whether coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has an antifatigue effect in mice. ICR male mice were orally given CoQ10 in the form of Bio-Quinone (Pharma Nord, Vejle, Denmark) at doses of 0, 1.5, 15, or 45 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Mice were made to perform swimming exercise with loads attached to their tails, corresponding to approximately 5% of their body weights, and the total swimming time until exhaustion was measured. Furthermore, the post-exercise concentration of serum urea nitrogen (SUN), pre-/post-exercise and post-rest concentration of lactic acid (LA), and pre-exercise hepatic glycogen were determined. Mice treated with CoQ10 showed a significantly prolonged exhaustive swim time (15 mg/kg/day; P < .05), increased liver glycogen contents (15 and 45 mg/kg/day; P < .01 and P < .05, respectively), and decreased SUN levels (1.5, 15, and 45 mg/kg/day; P < .01) compared to control animals. The LA level was not significantly changed. These results suggest that CoQ10 improves swimming endurance and has an antifatigue effect.
Cloning of cDNA encoding the bifunctional dehydroquinase.shikimate dehydrogenase of aromatic-amino-acid biosynthesis in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> (1994)

Nicotiana tabacum cDNA encoding a bifunctional protein having catalytic domains for dehydroquinase and shikimate dehydrogenase was cloned and sequenced. Complementation of Escherichia coli aroD and aroE auxotrophs was successful. Amino acid sequencing located the N-terminus of the mature protein. The two catalytic domains exhibited greater amino acid identity with prokaryote homologues than with yeast and fungal homologues.
Analytical design and modeling of a transverse flux permanent magnet machine (2003)

A transverse flux permanent magnet machine (TFPM) is ideally suited to high torque and lower speed applications such us the generation of electricity by wind-energy and the electric propulsion of naval ships. This paper introduces the basic principles and construction of the transverse flux permanent magnet machine, and illustrates the flux paths of two typical TFPM topologies. The analytical approach to dimensioning an application-specific 20 kW two-phase TFPM with C-form stator cores is provided. The equivalent circuit is given and the important features of TFPM are outlined with the help of solving the equivalent circuit. The instantaneous torque equation, flux linkage equation and voltage equation are also proposed, so that the mathematical model is established.
Spatial relational planning for the knowledge economy (2004)

The growing development and impact of information and communications technologies (ICTs) has changed many elements of the way we work and live. These changes pose a challenge to urban and regional planners, who need to understand and anticipate these technologies in order to shape current and future cities. In order to provide a framework for planning in a knowledge economy we adopt a relational framework conceptualized by Graham and Healy (1999), and apply that framework to analysis of the knowledge economy in the state of Michigan in the United States. The case study provides new ways of understanding and assessing the role of ICTs in urban and regional settings, and offers guidance for planners who have responsibility for shaping the future of these locations.
A New Method for Registration-Based Medical Image Interpolation (2008)

A new technique is presented for interpolating between grey-scale images in a medical data set. Registration between neighboring slices is achieved with a modified control grid interpolation algorithm that selectively accepts displacement field updates in a manner optimized for performance. A cubic interpolator is then applied to pixel intensities correlated by the displacement fields. Special considerations are made for efficiency, interpolation quality, and compression in the implementation of the algorithm. Experimental results show that the new method achieves good quality, while offering dramatic improvement in efficiency relative to the best competing method.
Comparative study of sustained-release lipid microparticles and solid dispersions containing ibuprofen (2012)

Ibuprofen is one of the most important non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In its pure state, ibuprofen presents poor physical and mechanical characteristics and its use in solid dosage forms needs the addition of excipients that improve these properties. The selection of the best excipients and the most suitable pharmaceutical dosage form to carry ibuprofen is very important for the industrial success of this drug. Given these factors, lipid microparticles and solid dispersions of ibuprofen with cetyl alcohol, stearic acid, and hydrogenated castor oil were prepared. These formulations were intended to improve the physical and mechanical characteristics and to sustain the release of this drug. Physical mixtures were also prepared with the same ingredients in similar proportions. The solid dispersions of ibuprofen/stearic acid and ibuprofen/hydrogenated castor oil showed the best flow characteristics compared with pure ibuprofen. Further, gelatin capsules filled with lipid microparticles and solid dispersions were submitted to dissolution tests in order to study the influence of the prepared systems in the release profiles of ibuprofen. Prolonged release of ibuprofen was achieved with the lipid microparticles and solid dispersions prepared with the different types of excipients.
OCULAR NEOVASCULARIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH CENTRAL AND HEMICENTRAL RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION (2012)

In ischemic central retinal vein occlusion, anterior segment NV is much more common than posterior segment NV, and the cumulative chance of developing anterior segment NV is maximum during the first 6 months. In ischemic hemicentral retinal vein occlusion, posterior segment NV is much more common than anterior segment NV.
Statistical design techniques for D/A converters (1989)

Techniques for the design of high-resolution digital-to-analog converters (DACs) that use precision-matched components are described. Statistical models, based on test chip data, that realistically describe both local mismatches and longer range spatial correlations are investigated. These models have been incorporated into a special-purpose DAC analysis/simulation tool (DACSIM) to provide a powerful Monte-Carlo yield estimation capability. DACSIM also performs accurate DC simulation of a large class of resistor-network DAC circuits taking into account many important parasitic effects, including superposition nonlinearities. An error-corrected DAC architecture that uses the concept of a generalised decoding strategy programmable at test has been validated in a CMOS 13 bit segmented current-switched DAC. The approach exhibits the potential for attaining very high accuracy without trimming.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Incorporating mask topography edge diffraction in photolithography simulations (2006)

In deep ultraviolet lithography simulations, conventional application of Kirchhoff's boundary conditions on the mask surface provides the so-called "thin-mask" approximation of the object field. Current subwavelength lithographic operation, however, places a serious limitation on this approximation, which fails to account for the topographical, or "thick-mask," effects. In this paper, a new simulation model is proposed that is theoretically founded on the well-established physical theory of diffraction. This model relies on the key result that diffraction effects can be interpreted as an intrinsic edge property, and modeled with just two fixed parameters: width and transmission coefficient of a locally determined boundary layer applied to each chrome edge. The proposed model accurately accounts for thick-mask effects of the fields on the mask, greatly improving the accuracy of aerial image simulations in photolithography, while maintaining a reasonable computational cost.
Metal [ML<i><sub>x</sub></i>; M = Fe, Cu, Co, Mn]/Hydroperoxide-Induced Activation of Dioxygen for the Oxygenation of Hydrocarbons:  Oxygenated Fenton Chemistry (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal [MLx; M = Fe, Cu, Co, Mn]/Hydroperoxide-Induced Activation of Dioxygen for the Oxygenation of Hydrocarbons: Oxygenated Fenton ChemistryDonald T. Sawyer*Donald T. SawyerDepartment of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 In papers with more than one author, the asterisk indicates the name of the author to whom inquiries about the paper should be addressed.More by Donald T. Sawyer, Andrzej SobkowiakAndrzej SobkowiakDepartment of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 More by Andrzej Sobkowiak, and Takayuki MatsushitaTakayuki MatsushitaDepartment of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 More by Takayuki MatsushitaCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 409–416Publication Date (Web):September 11, 1996Publication History Received11 May 1995Published online11 September 1996Published inissue 11 September 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar950031chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ar950031cresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2760Altmetric-Citations277LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Hydrocarbons,Oxides,Reaction mechanisms,Reactivity,Reagents Get e-Alerts
Actions of arginine polyamine on voltage and ligand‐activated whole cell currents recorded from cultured neurones (1992)

1. Toxins from invertebrates have proved useful tools for investigation of the properties of ion channels. In this study we describe the actions of arginine polyamine which is believed to be a close analogue of FTX, a polyamine isolated from the American funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. 2. Voltage-activated Ca2+ currents and Ca(2+)-dependent Cl- currents recorded from rat cultured dorsal root ganglion neurones were reversibly inhibited by arginine polyamine (AP; 0.001 to 100 microM). Low voltage-activated T-type Ca2+ currents were significantly more sensitive to AP than high voltage-activated Ca2+ currents. The IC50 values for the actions of AP on low and high voltage-activated Ca2+ currents were 10 nM and 3 microM respectively. AP was equally effective in inhibiting high voltage-activated currents carried by Ba2+, Sr2+ or Ca2+. However, AP-induced inhibition of Ca2+ currents was attenuated by increasing the extracellular Ca2+ concentration from 2 mM to 10 mM. 3. The actions of AP on a Ca(2+)-independent K+ current were more complex, 1 microM AP enhanced this current but 10 microM AP had a dual action, initially enhancing but then inhibiting the K+ current. 4. gamma-Aminobutyric acid-activated Cl- currents were also reversibly inhibited by 1 to 10 microM AP. In contrast N-methyl-D-aspartate currents recorded from rat cultured cerebellar neurones were greatly enhanced by 10 microM AP. 5. We conclude that at a concentration of 10 nM, AP is a selective inhibitor of low threshold T-type voltage-activated Ca2+ currents. However, at higher concentrations 1-10 microM AP interacts with ion channels or other membrane constituents to produce a variety of actions on both voltage and ligand gated ion channels.
Transscleral iontophoresis of gentamicin in monkeys. (1987)

Experiments in rabbits have shown that the novel technique of transscleral iontophoresis is a safe, effective, noninvasive way to produce high concentrations of antibiotics in the vitreous humor. The authors have now studied the effects of repeated transscleral iontophoresis in the eyes of cynomolgus monkeys. Six treatments with gentamicin sulfate, 1.5 mA for 10 min, were applied to both eyes of three monkeys over a 2-week period. The concentrations of gentamicin in the vitreous humor 24 hr after treatment were determined for each eye on three occasions. The mean concentration was 28 micrograms/ml (range, 11-44 micrograms/ml) after the first treatment and 12 micrograms/ml (range, 2-21 micrograms/ml) after the fifth treatment. Indirect ophthalmoscopy completed after the last treatment showed only small retinal burns up to 2.5 mm in diameter in four eyes in the area of the pars plana over which the electrode had been applied. Electroretinograms were normal after treatment. These experiments confirm the efficacy and safety of transscleral iontophoresis in the primate's eye and suggest that investigations of this potentially useful technique are warranted in humans.
Micromotility meter: an instrument designed to evaluate the action of drugs on motility of larval and adult nematodes (1986)

An instrument for measuring the motility of larval and adult nematodes is described along with an analysis of its use as a tool to analyse drug action on these parasites. Motility was detected from larval parasites of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Ascaris suum in the absence and presence of various anti-nematodal drugs. These agents produced, within 48 h, a significant decrease in larval parasite motility. The instrument was also capable of detecting the motility of Caenorhabditis elegans, adult female Brugia pahangi and their response to anti-nematodal drugs. The design of the instrument allows us to accurately measure motility in a single sample within 60 sec.
An Analysis of ISO 26262: Using Machine Learning Safely in Automotive Software (2017)

Machine learning (ML) plays an ever-increasing role in advanced automotive functionality for driver assistance and autonomous operation; however, its adequacy from the perspective of safety certification remains controversial. In this paper, we analyze the impacts that the use of ML as an implementation approach has on ISO 26262 safety lifecycle and ask what could be done to address them. We then provide a set of recommendations on how to adapt the standard to accommodate ML.
TOWARD AUTOMATING SIZE-GRADATION ANALYSIS OF MINERAL AGGREGATE (1994)

Table olives are one of the most important traditional fermented vegetables in Europe and their world consumption is constantly increasing. Conservolea and Kalamàta are the most important table olives Greek varieties. In the Greek system, the final product is obtained by spontaneous fermentations, without any chemical debittering treatment. This natural fermentation process is not predictable and strongly influenced by the physical-chemical conditions and by the presence of microorganisms contaminating the olives. Natural fermentations of Conservolea and Kalamàta cultivars black olives were studied in order to determine microbiological, biochemical and chemical evolution during the process. Following the process conditions generally used by producers, in both cultivars, yeasts were detected throughout the fermentation, whereas lactic acid bacteria (LAB) appeared in the last staged of the process. A new optimized specific protocol was developed to select autochthonous yeast and LAB isolates that can be good candidates as starters. These microorganisms were pre-selected for their ability to adapt to model brines, to have beta-glucosidase activity, not to produce biogenic amines. Chemical compounds deriving by microbiological activities and associated to the three different phases (30, 90 and 180 days) of the fermentation process were identified and were proposed as chemical descriptors to follow the fermentation progress.