gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Facile Synthesis of 1,5‐Diphenyl‐3‐(substituted oxy)‐1<i>H</i>‐1,2,4‐triazoles (1990)

A series of 1,5-diphenyl-3-alkoxy (or acyloxy)-1H-1,2,4-triazoles were synthesized and assayed in the rat adjuvant induced arthritis model. Some compounds show significant anti-inflammatory activity.
Distinct Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Induced Acute Lung Injury Pathways in Two Different Nonhuman Primate Species (2011)

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), caused by influenza A virus H5N1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), supposedly depend on activation of the oxidative-stress machinery that is coupled with innate immunity, resulting in a strong proinflammatory host response. Inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-8, and IL-6, play a major role in mediating and amplifying ALI/ARDS by stimulating chemotaxis and activation of neutrophils. To obtain further insight into the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-associated ALI, we compared SARS-CoV infections in two different nonhuman primate species, cynomolgus macaques and African green monkeys. Viral titers in the upper and lower respiratory tract were not significantly different in SARS-CoV-infected macaques and African green monkeys. Inflammatory cytokines that play a major role in mediating and amplifying ALI/ARDS or have neutrophil chemoattractant activity, such as IL-6, IL-8, CXCL1, and CXCL2, were, however, induced only in macaques. In contrast, other proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including osteopontin and CCL3, were upregulated in the lungs of African green monkeys to a significantly greater extent than in macaques. Because African green monkeys developed more severe ALI than macaques, with hyaline membrane formation, some of these differentially expressed proinflammatory genes may be critically involved in development of the observed pathological changes. Induction of distinct proinflammatory genes after SARS-CoV infection in different nonhuman primate species needs to be taken into account when analyzing outcomes of intervention strategies in these species.
Symmetrically Substituted Thiourea Derivatives (1995)

The crystal structures of three symmetrically substituted thiourea derivatives, 1,3-diethylthiourea (DETU), C 5 H 12 N 2 S, 1,3-diisopropylthiourea (DIPTU), C 7 H 16 N 2 -S, and 1,3-diphenylthiourea (DPTU), C 13 H 12 N 2 S, are reported. N-H...S hydrogen bonds link the molecules into two-dimensional networks in DETU and DIPTU and into one-dimensional chains in DPTU. DETU and DIPTU have the same mode of packing in the crystal lattice.
Multiple casts in online voting: Analyzing chances (2006)

We analyze multiple casts as an easy and non-technical approach to overcome some of the open questions and risks of online voting. The mechanism of multiple casts can be added to almost all existing online voting systems. Nevertheless, there are also some disadvantages, for instance the validity of a timestamp, which are discussed in the paper as well.
tRNA Modifications: Impact on Structure and Thermal Adaptation (2017)

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are central players in translation, functioning as adapter molecules between the informational level of nucleic acids and the functional level of proteins. They show a highly conserved secondary and tertiary structure and the highest density of post-transcriptional modifications among all RNAs. These modifications concentrate in two hotspots-the anticodon loop and the tRNA core region, where the D- and T-loop interact with each other, stabilizing the overall structure of the molecule. These modifications can cause large rearrangements as well as local fine-tuning in the 3D structure of a tRNA. The highly conserved tRNA shape is crucial for the interaction with a variety of proteins and other RNA molecules, but also needs a certain flexibility for a correct interplay. In this context, it was shown that tRNA modifications are important for temperature adaptation in thermophilic as well as psychrophilic organisms, as they modulate rigidity and flexibility of the transcripts, respectively. Here, we give an overview on the impact of modifications on tRNA structure and their importance in thermal adaptation.
Improving the Safety of Lithium-Ion Battery via a Redox Shuttle Additive 2,5-Di-<i>tert</i>-butyl-1,4-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)benzene (DBBB) (2018)

2,5-Di- tert-butyl-1,4-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)benzene (DBBB) is studied as a redox shuttle additive for overcharge protection for a 1.5 Ah graphite/C-LFP lithium-ion pouch cell for the first time. The electrochemical performance demonstrated that the protecting additive remains inert during the extended standard cycling for 4000 cycles. When a 100% overcharge is introduced in the charging protocol, the baseline cell fails rapidly during the first abusive event, whereas the cell containing DBBB additive withstands 700 overcharge cycles with 87% capacity retention and no gas evolution or cell swelling was observed. It is the first time the effectiveness of the DBBB as overcharge protection additive in a large pouch cell format is demonstrated.
Preparation and properties of molybdenum and tungsten dinitrogen complexes. 25. Catalytic conversion of molecular nitrogen into silylamines using molybdenum and tungsten dinitrogen complexes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and properties of molybdenum and tungsten dinitrogen complexes. 25. Catalytic conversion of molecular nitrogen into silylamines using molybdenum and tungsten dinitrogen complexesKeiko Komori, Hiroyuki Oshita, Yasushi Mizobe, and Masanobu HidaiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5, 1939–1940Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00187a092https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00187a092research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1352Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
C-reactive protein in vulnerable coronary plaques (2006)

CRP immunoreactivity is associated with the progression of atherosclerosis, and especially with unstable coronary plaques. The immunoreactivity could cease at the stable calcified stages of atherosclerosis.
Microwave Amplifiers Employing Integrated Tunnel-Diode Devices (1967)

A series of shunt-tuned integrated microwave tunnel-diode devices utilizing unencapsulated beam lead tunnel diodes and including tuning and stabilizing circuitry have been fabricated using tantalum thin-film technology for use as the active element in microwave reflection amplifiers. The theoretical properties of such devices have been explored, and data relating to their design and measured performance are presented in detail. Finally, the successful use of these devices as the active elements in a series of absolutely stable circulator-coupled reflection amplifiers at 4 and 6 GHz has been demonstrated.
Mexico, Casa del Obrero Mundial (2010)

Never a formal trade union or a labor confederation, the Casa del Obrero Mundial (House of the Worker) was an important clearinghouse in Mexico City for the exchange of ideas, where anarchists and labor organizers plotted strategy during the early years after the fall of the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz. In general terms, ideology did not drive the Mexican Revolution, but anarchist leadership of the Casa defined a clear set of ideas, goals, and strategies that would influence debates and direction of the new regime.
Enhanced quantum efficiency of solar cells with self-assembled Ge dots stacked in multilayer structure (2003)

We report on the performance of solar cells with stacked self-assembled Ge dots in the intrinsic region of Si-based p-i-n diode. These dots were epitaxially grown on p-type Si(100) substrate via the Stranski–Krastanov growth mode by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy. Enhanced external quantum efficiency (EQE) in the infrared region up to 1.45 μm was observed for the solar cells with stacked self-assembled Ge dots compared with that without Ge dots. Furthermore, the EQE was found to increase with increasing number of stacking. These results show that electron-hole pairs generated in Ge dots can be efficiently separated by the internal electric field, and can contribute to the photocurrent without considerable recombination in Ge dots or at Ge/Si interfaces.
Design of Internet-based teleoperation platform with Brain-Computer Interface (2009)

An Internet-based teleoperation application system is introduced, which is designed to connect with Brain-Computer Interface. The hardware and software parts of the system are included. The system is divided into two parts (master-slave) in the hardware and four parts in the software part. Test results of the system to perform a teleoperation through network are recorded. At last, the usability of the system to connect with a BCI interface is proved.
Object as Distribution (2019)

Object detection is a critical part of visual scene understanding. The representation of the object in the detection task has important implications on the efficiency and feasibility of annotation, robustness to occlusion, pose, lighting, and other visual sources of semantic uncertainty, and effectiveness in real-world applications (e.g., autonomous driving). Popular object representations include 2D and 3D bounding boxes, polygons, splines, pixels, and voxels. Each have their strengths and weakness. In this work, we propose a new representation of objects based on the bivariate normal distribution. This distribution-based representation has the benefit of robust detection of highly-overlapping objects and the potential for improved downstream tracking and instance segmentation tasks due to the statistical representation of object edges. We provide qualitative evaluation of this representation for the object detection task and quantitative evaluation of its use in a baseline algorithm for the instance segmentation task.
Effect of Leak on the Accuracy of Negative Inspiratory Force Measurements in a Simulated Infant Model (2018)

Background:Respiratory muscle weakness characterized by a low negative inspiratory force (NIF) is a risk factor for extubation failure in children. Obtaining accurate NIFs may aid clinicians in deciding appropriate timing of extubation, but uncuffed endotracheal tubes may result in an airway leak and potentially inaccurate pressure measurements. We sought to investigate the accuracy of assessing a simulated NIF in a laboratory environment across a range of leak percentages. Methods:A 3-L plastic chamber was used to house an infant test lung that was connected to an airway leak apparatus outside the chamber. The adjustable leak apparatus was arranged with two three-way stopcocks in series that terminated into a 3.5 ETT that was occluded and proximal airway pressure continuously sampled. Leak percentage was recorded by connecting an AVEA ventilator set to standardized ventilator settings to the test lung prior to each test and recording the calculated leak percent. Negative pleural pressure was simulated inside the chamber by connecting a 500-mL syringe through a second opening and withdrawing 160 mL which resulted in a negative pressure approximating 47 ± 1.6 cm H2O. For each test the difference between airway pressure at the proximal end of the ETT and chamber pressure at the most negative point of the breath after correcting for elastance of the test lung was termed the total error. Leak percentages of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 were tested and each test was performed three times. Results:The mean and range total error for each leak percentage is shown in the Figure. As leak percentage increases, total error increases. Tests performed with a calculated leak percentage > 20% all had a total error that exceeded 10 cm H2O. Conclusions:Total error between simulated pleural pressure and airway pressure increases as a function of leak at the airway and may result in an inaccurate assessment of negative inspiratory force when leak is elevated. When leak is minimal (< 20%) the total error is less than 10 cm H2O in an infant bench model. Future work is needed to characterize this error as a function of absolute NIF values, and should consider alternative, dynamic models to characterize leak.
Interference of<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>signalling and biofilm formation for infection control (2010)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the best described bacterium with regards to quorum sensing (QS), in vitro biofilm formation and the development of antibiotic tolerance. Biofilms composed of P. aeruginosa are thought to be the underlying cause of many chronic infections, including those in wounds and in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in QS, QS-enabled virulence, biofilm formation and biofilm-enabled antibiotic tolerance. We now have substantial knowledge of the multicellular behaviour of P. aeruginosa in vitro. A major task for the future is to investigate how such in vitro data correlate with the in vivo behaviour of P. aeruginosa, and how to treat chronic infections of this bacterium in patients.
3'-orf and sor genes of human immunodeficiency virus: in vitro transcription-translation and immunoreactive domains. (1987)

An in vitro transcription and translation procedure was designed to translate multiple open reading frames from cloned DNAs. For human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cloned DNA carrying three open reading frames (sor, tat, and 3'-orf), the approach yielded three authentic polypeptides. Clearly, the internal initiation codons can be used for reinitiation of translation of the downstream open reading frames. However, the downstream open reading frames were translated with relatively lower translational efficiencies. In general, the translational efficiency of RNAs depended significantly on their structures. The in vitro approach was utilized further to map the immunoreactive domains of the 3'-orf and sor gene products of HIV. Deletion clones were constructed with deletions within the open reading frames. Translation products of these clones reacted differentially with anti-3'-orf and anti-sor rabbit immune sera and human sera from individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related disorders. Apparently, recombinant 3'-orf and sor polypeptides used to immunize rabbits express many more immunogenic epitopes and/or different set of epitopes than is the case for the native proteins in humans infected with HIV. Immunoreactivity and immunogenicity of these gene products were significantly dependent on their structure and/or conformation.
Semantic search on Internet tabular information extraction for answering queries (2000)

Article Semantic search on Internet tabular information extraction for answering queries Share on Authors: H. L. Wang Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica Institute of Information Science, Academia SinicaView Profile , S. H. Wu View Profile , I. C. Wang View Profile , C. L. Sung Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua UniversityView Profile , W. L. Hsu Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica Institute of Information Science, Academia SinicaView Profile , W. K. Shih Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims CIKM '00: Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Information and knowledge managementNovember 2000 Pages 243–249https://doi.org/10.1145/354756.354825Online:06 November 2000Publication History 19citation1,082DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations19Total Downloads1,082Last 12 Months7Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Review of The Politics and Processes of Scholarship (1997)

According to the Foreword of this collection of essays, "it became increasingly clear [in the 1980s] that the scholarly role of the professoriate had become too narrowly constricted, focussing on the publication of highly specialized articles in proliferating journals read by too few.Many faculty were publishing for the wrong reasons, that is, in order to be promoted and receive tenure in a tight labor market, rather than because they had something significant to contribute.The scholarly work of faculty had also become largely disconnected from the basic purposes of the college and university -teaching undergraduates and serving the needs of society" (p.ix).As a result, says R. Eugene Rice, the author of the Foreword, " a number of studies called for a 'broader conception of scholarship' " (p.ix).
An Electrophoretic Study of the Binding of Salt Ions by β-Lactoglobulin and Bovine Serum Albumin. (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Electrophoretic Study of the Binding of Salt Ions by β-Lactoglobulin and Bovine Serum Albumin.L. G. Longsworth and C. F. JacobsenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1949, 53, 1, 126–134Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1949https://doi.org/10.1021/j150466a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations137LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (515 KB) Get e-Alerts
Distinct Types of rRNA Operons Exist in the Genome of the Actinomycete <i>Thermomonospora chromogena</i> and Evidence for Horizontal Transfer of an Entire rRNA Operon (1999)

We describe here the presence of two distinct types of rRNA operons in the genome of a thermophilic actinomycete Thermomonospora chromogena. The genome of T. chromogena contains six rRNA operons (rrn), of which four complete and two incomplete ones were cloned and sequenced. Comparative analysis revealed that the operon rrnB exhibits high levels of sequence variations to the other five nearly identical ones throughout the entire length of the operon. The coding sequences for the 16S and 23S rRNA genes differ by approximately 6 and 10%, respectively, between the two types of operons. Normal functionality of rrnB is concluded on the basis of the nonrandom distribution of nucleotide substitutions, the presence of compensating nucleotide covariations, the preservation of secondary and tertiary rRNA structures, and the detection of correctly processed rRNAs in the cell. Comparative sequence analysis also revealed a close evolutionary relationship between rrnB operon of T. chromogena and rrnA operon of another thermophilic actinomycete Thermobispora bispora. We propose that T. chromogena acquired rrnB operon from T. bispora or a related organism via horizontal gene transfer.
VERMICULITE–PERLITE–CLAY MIXTURES AS CONTAINER GROWTH MEDIA (1975)

Vermiculite–perlite–clay (Putnam subsoil) mixtures with added nutrients were evaluated as growth media for periods up to 112 days in 3.8-liter jars using tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Patio Hybrid) as a test plant. Although vermiculite–perlite (V–P) ratio had no effect, subsoil levels above 50 g/jar and low N rate (22.5 meq/50 g subsoil) gave greatest growth of 42-day transplants. For long-term periods (112 days), only fruit yield was affected by V–P ratio, a 1:1 (vol/vol) proportion giving the highest yield. Large yield increases were obtained by increasing subsoil to the 150-g or 300-g levels. Fresh and dry plant weights increased with each increment of subsoil, and high N rate (45 meq/50 g subsoil) increased both vegetative growth and fruit yield to levels approaching those obtained with Cornell peat-lite mix A. The V–P clay mixes held more than twice the available moisture present in the peat-lite mix.
How surface‐bound drugs inhibit thrombus formation (1990)

Abstract This article presents the new concept that surface‐bound drugs can remove coagulation promoters from the bloodstream and thus produce much needed improvement in the surface thromboresistance of polymeric devices such as catheters, vascular grafts, and artificial organs. For example, calcium plays a central role in promoting coagulation, which suggests that surface thromboresistance could be improved by bonding a polymer to a calcium chelator which removes calcium from circulation. This technique has been tried and found successful in animal tests using hydroxyproline as the calcium chelator (Wilson and Jones: Biomater. Artif. Organs 17 :437–445, 1989. An alternative design for a thromboristance polymer is proposed: Chemically bond a commercial polymer to a suitable drug containing cationic groups capable of complexing blood coagulation factors and rendering them inactive. The feasibility of this approach is based on two lines of evidence: (1) Several blood coagulation factors are routinely isolated by complexation on ion exchange resins containg cationic groups (tertiary amines). (2) A number of polymers containing cationic groups (tertiary amines) have been patented on the basis of their thromboresistance. In this article an ion exchange equilibrium is postulated between each anionic coagulation factor adsorbed on the polymer and dissolved in the liquid phase, with the surface affinity of each anionic factor being greater the more cationic (basic) the polymer surface. Data on the competitive adsorption of proteins on cationic polymers have been analyzed mathematically. The results suggest more attention should be given to cation/anion interactions in studies of polymeric thromboresistance and protein adsorption).