gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Limited Role of Antibody in Clearance of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> in a Murine Model of Colonization (2004)

Colonization is the first step in the interaction between Streptococcus pneumoniae and its human host. To better understand the mechanisms contributing to natural carriage, a mouse model of pneumococcal colonization was developed with a clinical isolate of S. pneumoniae previously characterized in experimental colonization of humans. Similar to carriage events in humans, colonization of mice was self-limited and there was no evidence of lower respiratory tract or invasive disease. Carriage induced a serum antibody response to whole pneumococci that was associated temporally with clearance of colonization in three inbred strains of mice. Individual mice, however, did not demonstrate a correlation between the density of colonization and amounts of serum or of mucosal antibodies, including antibodies of different isotypes and antigenic specificities. The role of antibody in the clearance of carriage was then examined in mice with genetic defects in humoral immunity. xid mice, which have deficient responses to polysaccharide antigens, cleared colonization at the same rate as the parent strain. Finally, we showed that microMT mice, which lack mature B cells and fail to produce antibody, were unaffected in the density or duration of colonization. These results demonstrate that antibody is not required for clearance of pneumococcal colonization in mice.
Influences of antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic drugs on the senses of taste and smell (2003)

According to the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR), 36% of modern antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic drugs produce untoward alterations in chemosensory perception. Such disturbances can adversely affect the quality of life, produce non-compliance to medication schedules, and may result in decreased food intake, loss of appetite, weight decrement, and depression. This review lists the primary antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic drugs that adversely alter chemosensory function, provides information on better defining the nature of the dysfunction, outlines testing strategies and available tests that could be used to better define the prevalence of the dysfunction, and summarizes means for mitigating such alterations.
Logicism, the Continuum and Anti-Realism (1993)

Logicism, the Continuum and Anti-Realism Get access Peter Clark Peter Clark The University, St. AndrewsFife, KYI6 9AL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Analysis, Volume 53, Issue 3, July 1993, Pages 129–140, https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/53.3.129 Published: 01 July 1993
Using de-optimization to re-optimize code (2005)

The nature of embedded systems development places a great deal of importance on meeting strict requirements in areas such as static code size, power consumption, and execution time. In order to meet these requirements, embedded developers frequently generate and tune assembly code for applications by hand, despite the disadvantages of coding at a low level. The phase ordering problem is a well-known problem affecting the design of optimizing compilers. Hand-tuned code is susceptible to an analogous problem to phase ordering due to the process of iterative refinement, but there has been little research in mitigating its effect on the quality of the generated code. This paper presents an extension of the VISTA framework for investigating the effect and potential benefit of performing de-optimization before re-optimizing assembly code. The design and implementation of algorithms for de-optimization of both loop-invariant code motion and register allocation, along with results of experiments regarding de-optimization and re-optimization of previously generated assembly code are also presented.
Quantitative Visualization and Detection of Skin Cancer Using Dynamic Thermal Imaging (2011)

In 2010 approximately 68,720 melanomas will be diagnosed in the US alone, with around 8,650 resulting in death. To date, the only effective treatment for melanoma remains surgical excision, therefore, the key to extended survival is early detection. Considering the large numbers of patients diagnosed every year and the limitations in accessing specialized care quickly, the development of objective in vivo diagnostic instruments to aid the diagnosis is essential. New techniques to detect skin cancer, especially non-invasive diagnostic tools, are being explored in numerous laboratories. Along with the surgical methods, techniques such as digital photography, dermoscopy, multispectral imaging systems (MelaFind), laser-based systems (confocal scanning laser microscopy, laser doppler perfusion imaging, optical coherence tomography), ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, are being tested. Each technique offers unique advantages and disadvantages, many of which pose a compromise between effectiveness and accuracy versus ease of use and cost considerations. Details about these techniques and comparisons are available in the literature. Infrared (IR) imaging was shown to be a useful method to diagnose the signs of certain diseases by measuring the local skin temperature. There is a large body of evidence showing that disease or deviation from normal functioning are accompanied by changes of the temperature of the body, which again affect the temperature of the skin. Accurate data about the temperature of the human body and skin can provide a wealth of information on the processes responsible for heat generation and thermoregulation, in particular the deviation from normal conditions, often caused by disease. However, IR imaging has not been widely recognized in medicine due to the premature use of the technology several decades ago, when temperature measurement accuracy and the spatial resolution were inadequate and sophisticated image processing tools were unavailable. This situation changed dramatically in the late 1990s-2000s. Advances in IR instrumentation, implementation of digital image processing algorithms and dynamic IR imaging, which enables scientists to analyze not only the spatial, but also the temporal thermal behavior of the skin, allowed breakthroughs in the field. In our research, we explore the feasibility of IR imaging, combined with theoretical and experimental studies, as a cost effective, non-invasive, in vivo optical measurement technique for tumor detection, with emphasis on the screening and early detection of melanoma. In this study, we show data obtained in a patient study in which patients that possess a pigmented lesion with a clinical indication for biopsy are selected for imaging. We compared the difference in thermal responses between healthy and malignant tissue and compared our data with biopsy results. We concluded that the increased metabolic activity of the melanoma lesion can be detected by dynamic infrared imaging.
Substrate characterization: simulation and measurement at high microwave frequencies (2001)

In this paper we present new measured loss tangent data for commercially available substrates, and these data are supported by simulations that show how practical variations in loss tangent affect the performance of microwave interconnections and devices. The paper reviews the measurement techniques that are currently available to measure the dielectric constant and loss tangent of substrate materials, and includes a new variation on an existing method that enables substrate parameters to be more easily measured but retains high accuracy. Simulations have been performed on microstrip lines fabricated on 10mil thick substrates using gold conductors to show the relative contributions of conductor and dielectric loss to the total line loss over the frequency range 0‐40GHz. Included in these simulations are the effects of conductor surface roughness. The simulated data are related to measured line microstrip line loss data over the frequency range 50MHz‐40GHz. The measured values, for an etched gold line on alumina, vary from 0.0045dB/mm at 50MHz to 0.04dB/mm at 40GHz.
Polymer chain entanglements and brittle fracture (1988)

A stochastic model is presented to predict the molecular weight dependence of the polymer fracture energy and strength for polymers with molecular weights higher than the critical value corresponding to the onset of entanglements. A chain scission criterion is invoked for the polymer chain segments crossing the fracture plane and being entangled about it. The presence of dangling ends is shown to be responsible for the change of the fracture properties with molecular weight. The predictions of the model agree with experimental data of the fracture energy and strength of poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene.
The Effect of Abdominal Support on Functional Outcomes in Patients Following Major Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2010)

Elasticized abdominal binders provide a non-invasive intervention for enhancing recovery of walk performance, controlling pain and distress, and improving patients' experience following MAS.
Magnetically Insulated Inertial Fusion-A Hybrid Fusion Scheme (1985)

An innovative scheme of inertial fusion is introduced in which the plasma pressure is contained by a metallic shell while its heat is contained by a magnetic field. The scheme utilizes a self-generated, force-free magnetic field of≥102 T in a plasma with a density of-1021 cm-3 and a temperature of-10 keV which are produced by a laser and/or a particle beam in a hard electrically conducting shell. This new scheme can resolve some fundamental difficulties encountered in both magnetic and inertial fusions.
Experiments for an integrated precise airborne navigation and gravity recovery system (2002)

Experiments performed in August 1989 to investigate the possibility of integrating different sensors for precise position determination and airborne gravity field recovery are reported. The tests were carried out with a DO 128 research aircraft over the North Sea and also over test areas in Northern West Germany. Precise differential positioning of the aircraft was performed using two different GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver types simultaneously. A Sercel TR5SB C/A-code receiver and a T14100 P-code receiver were installed in the aircraft, while a third and fourth receiver of the same types were tracking satellites on the ground. The system onboard consisted further of a ring laser gyro strapdown system allowing precise position and attitude determination by interpolation between GPS updates. For the purpose of airborne gravimetry the system was equipped with a Bodenseewerk KSS 31 gravity meter. The determination of high-frequency height variations was possible using a precise laser altimeter. A quick-look analysis of the data and velocity determination in the centimeter-range using GPS is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Adrenal haemorrhage in a newborn--a case report. (1994)

A term female neonate with monolateral adrenal haemorrhage associated with haemorrhagic disease of newborn is described. Diagnosis and follow-up of adrenal haemorrhage was done clinically and sonographically which revealed reduction in the size of adrenal haematoma over a month with no evidence of adrenal insufficiency. She was discharged well and followed up.
Simultaneous Speech Recognition and Acoustic Event Detection Using an LSTM-CTC Acoustic Model and a WFST Decoder (2018)

This paper proposes a new approach to simultaneous speech recognition and acoustic event detection of spontaneous speech based on one-pass decoding without rescoring. In this approach, an LSTM (long short-term memory) acoustic model outputs probabilities of acoustic event symbols, such as filler symbols and word fragment symbols, as well as probabilities of phonetic symbols. Then a WFST (weighted finite state transducer) decoder detects fillers based on a filler confidence score calculated by the ratio of the number of filler symbols to the number of phonetic symbols in each word. The WFST decoder also detects word fragments using a phonetic symbol loop followed by a path accepting the word fragment symbol, which is attached to a WFST of a lexicon. Experimental results show that precision and recall rates of filler detection can be controlled by the filler confidence score, and word fragments can be detected without registering all possible word fragments to the lexicon.
Frequency-domain Iterative SIC for SC-MIMO Multiplexing (2005)

Abstract — Recently, the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) multiplexing technique has been gaining much attention for achieving very high speed data transmissions in a bandlimited wireless channel. However, if single-carrier (SC) transmission is used, the bit error rate (BER) performance significantly degrades due to inter-symbol interference (ISI) resulting from a severe frequencyselective fading channel. Recently, we proposed a frequency-domain iterative parallel interference cancellation (PIC) for SC-MIMO multiplexing to separate signals transmitted from different antennas while achieving frequency and antenna diversity gain. In this paper, we present a frequency-domain iterative successive interference cancellation (SIC) and evaluate, by computer simulation, the BER performance in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel. Key words: MIMO multiplexing, frequency-domain iterative SIC, mobile communication 1.
Formins: phosphoprotein isoforms encoded by the mouse limb deformity locus. (1993)

Mutations at the mouse limb deformity (ld) locus result in defects of growth and patterning of the limb and kidney during embryonic development. The gene responsible for this phenotype is large and complex, with the capacity to generate a number of alternatively spliced messenger RNA transcripts encoding nuclear protein isoforms called "formins." We have made polyclonal antibodies to specific formin peptides and have confirmed the authenticity of the antibodies' reactivity, using cell lines derived from mice with molecularly defined mutations at the ld locus. In addition, we have used these antibodies to detect and characterize polypeptides encoded by both wild-type and mutant ld alleles. In so doing, we show that a formin isoform (i) is modified by posttranslational phosphorylation at serine and threonine residues and (ii) when present in a crude nuclear extract, is retained by DNA-cellulose.
Relative Roles of Wind, Crop Seeds, and Cattle in Dispersal of<i>Striga</i>spp. (1994)

In field trials conducted in Nigeria during 1991-92, the factors affecting the seed dispersal of Striga spp. were evaluated. Petrolatum-coated microscope slides placed at regular intervals from S. hermonthica plants and suspended from trees at 1-, 2- and 3-m above-ground heights within and around infested fields indicated that distribution of seeds of this weed by wind was not extensive. The max. horizontal distance away from S. hermonthica plants that seeds were caught was 12 m, and the max. vertical distance was 2 m. Samples of local market supplies of cowpeas, maize, millets and sorghum from 6 areas of Nigeria were found to contain Striga spp. seeds. Cattle dung was also sampled for the presence of Striga spp. seeds in 45 locations (88 fields) in S. hermonthica-infested areas of Nigeria. It was concluded that cattle dung was of minor importance in seed dispersal. Implications of dispersal mechanisms in control are discussed.
Two classes of extragenic suppressor mutations identify functionally distinct regions of the GroEL chaperone of Escherichia coli (1994)

The GroES and GroEL proteins of Escherichia coli function together as the GroE molecular chaperone machine to (i) prevent denaturation and aggregation and (ii) assist the folding and oligomerization of other proteins without being part of the final structure. Previous genetic and biochemical analyses have determined that this activity requires interactions of the GroES 7-mer with the GroEL 14-mer. Recently, we have identified a region of the GroES protein that interacts with the GroEL protein. To identify those residues of the GroEL protein that interact with GroES, we have exploited the thermosensitive phenotype of strains bearing mutations at one or the other of two GroEL-interacting residues of GroES. We have isolated, cloned, and sequenced six suppressor mutations in groEL, three independent isolates for each groES mutant. Changes of only three different amino acid substitutions in GroEL protein were found among these six groEL suppressor mutations. On the basis of a number of in vivo analyses of the chaperone activity of various combinations of groES mutant alleles and groEL suppressor alleles, we propose that an amino-proximal region of the GroEL protein which includes amino acid residues 174 and 190 interacts with GroES and that a carboxyl-proximal region which includes residue 375 interacts with substrate proteins.
In vivo treatment with IL-1 reduces the severity and duration of antigen-induced arthritis in rats. (1988)

IL-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of arthritis. Although IL-1 injected in vivo into normal joints results in a transient inflammatory reaction, we have shown that three weekly repetitive injections of IL-1 do not produce a progressive inflammatory condition suggestive of chronic arthritis. In fact, priming normal joints with three weekly IL-1 intraarticular injections results in a significant reduction in joint swelling and diminished histopathologic alterations/lesions caused by subsequent methylated BSA-induced arthritis. Similarly, post treatment with IL-1 intraarticular injection after arthritis induction reduced arthritic swelling and joint injury if IL-1 was given during the developing stage of arthritis. Our results suggest that IL-1 might limit arthritic inflammation and progressive cartilage destruction through an, as yet, undetermined mechanism(s). Further in vivo investigations are required to determine the therapeutic utility of IL-1 in reducing early arthritic inflammation.
Analysis-by-Synthesis Texture Reconstruction (2012)

Within the recent decade, reconstruction of real world scenes gained continuously more importance. For realistic reconstructions both, the geometry and the textures, are important. We present a general algorithm for reconstructing textures from an image sequence of flat patches, where the angle between the patch normal and the view direction of the observing cameras could be close to 90. In such case the image of the patch in the camera frames collapses to just a few pixel rows, and most of the algorithms used today will fail. The method we present uses an analysis-by-synthesis approach for reconstructing the texture by combining information from all input images. In each step, the previously reconstructed texture is tested by using it for rendering artificial input images which are then compared to the real ones. If they are not equal, we use the difference for calculating an update to the existent texture. For this update we employ a back projection approach that produces excellent reconstructions in only a few iteration steps.
Creating unique identifiers on field programmable gate arrays using natural processing variations (2008)

In this paper, we proposes the concept of creating a circuit identifier, or digital fingerprint, for field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The digital fingerprint is a function of the natural variations in the semiconductor manufacturing process that cannot be duplicated or forged. The proposed digital fingerprint allows the use of any arbitrary of nodes internal to the circuit or the circuit outputs as monitoring locations. Changes in the signal on a selected node or output can be quantified digitally over a period of time or at a specific instance of time. Two monitoring methods are proposed, one using cumulative observation of the nodes and the other samples the nodes based on a signal transition. Two monitoring methods were validated on a small sample of twenty Xilinx <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">reg</sup> Virtex-II Pro FPGAs, where both methods successfully created unique identifiers for each FPGA.
<title>Accurate analytical solution of photon transport equation in infinite uniform turbid medium</title> (1999)

We present an analytical solution of the distribution function and the density distribution for the Boltzmann photon transport equation in an infinite uniform isotropic medium. This solution is quantitatively accurate up to the second order cumulant approximation. The solution shows a clear picture of the time evolution of particle migration, from near ballistic, through snake-like, and then into the diffusive regime.
Hollow-Fiber Clinostat (1990)

The REDE model is a conceptual framework for teaching relationship-centered healthcare communication. Based on the premise that genuine relationships are a vital therapeutic agent, use of the framework has the potential to positively influence both patient and provider. The REDE model applies effective communication skills to optimize personal connections in three primary phases of Relationship: Establishment, Development and Engagement (REDE). This paper describes the REDE model and its application to a typical provider-patient interaction.
The Synthesis of Nα-Acetyl-L-kynurenine<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Nα-Acetyl-L-kynurenine1R. R. Brown and J. M. PriceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 15, 4158–4159Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01620a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01620a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cloning and expression of chicken skeletal muscle troponin I in <i>Escherichia coli</i>: The role of rare codons on the expression level (1993)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Precoloring extension with fixed color bound. (1993)

. Precoloring Extension (shortly PrExt) is the following problem: Given a graph G with some precolored vertices and a color bound k, can the precoloring of G be extended to a proper coloring of all vertices of G using not more than k colors? Answering an open problem from [6], we prove that PrExt with fixed color bound k = 3 is NP-complete for bipartite (and even planar) graphs, and we prove a general result on parametrized PrExt. We also give a simplified argument why PrExt with fixed color bound is solvable in polynomial time for graphs of bounded treewidth (and hence also for chordal graphs). 1. Introduction and Statement of the Results All graphs considered are finite, undirected and without loops or multiple edges. A coloring of a graph is any mapping from its vertex set into a set of colors, a coloring is proper if adjacent vertices are mapped onto distinct colors. The following decision problem is introduced in [1] and studied in [6, 7, 8]: Precoloring Extension (short...