gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Normal Range of Diurnal Changes in Peak Expiratory Flow Rates: Relationship to Symptoms and Respiratory Disease (1991)

Measuring peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) several times a day can provide an objective assessment of functional changes relative to environmental or occupational exposures. This report describes the pattern of diurnal changes in PEFR in a reference population, and defines ranges of "normal" between- and within-day variability. An index of diurnal changes was defined as the ratio between maximal and minimal values, where the maximal value was restricted to PEFR measured at noon or in the evening (N, E) and the minimal value was restricted to the morning or at bedtime (M, B). A ratio greater than normal represented an exaggeration of the normal diurnal pattern in PEFR. Normal limits, based on the ninety-fifth percentile in the reference population, were larger for children (130%) than for adults 15 to 35 yr of age (117%) and those older than 35 yr of age (118%). The meaningfulness of excessive diurnal changes in PEFR was examined by relating this ratio (Max/Min), and a similar measure (the amplitude percent mean) to chronic respiratory symptoms and diseases in 938 adults and children who recorded PEFR values 2 to 4 times per day for as long as 14 days. There was a strong relationship of diurnal changes in PEFR that exceed normal limits with physician-confirmed asthma (relative risk of 2.99 with Max/Min), with exertional dyspnea (Grade 2+), and with more frequent reporting of acute symptoms of wheeze, attacks of wheezing dyspnea, cough, and chest colds. In addition, those exceeding the normal limits had about 2.9 times greater risk of having a FEV1 below 80% of predicted, and nearly 7 times greater risk of being below 70%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effects of Magnetized Water and Irrigation Water Salinity on Soil Moisture Distribution in Trickle Irrigation (2010)

Magnetized water is obtained by passing water through a strong permanent magnet installed in or on a feed pipeline. This study was performed at Gorgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Gorgan province, Iran, to investigate soil moisture distribution under trickle irrigation. Two main treatments of magnetic and nonmagnetic water and three subtreatments of irrigation water salts, including well water as a control, 200-ppm calcium carbonate, and 400-ppm calcium carbonate were used. The experiment was laid out with a complete randomized block design with three replications. Soil moisture distribution around the emitters were measured 24 h after irrigation during the 3-month irrigation period. The results showed that the mean soil moisture contents at depths of 0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm below the emitter for the magnetized irrigation water treatment were more than the nonmagnetized irrigation water treatment, and the differences were significant at the 5% level. The irrigation with magnetic water as compared with the nonmagnetic water increased soil moisture up to 7.5%, and this increase was significant at the 1% level. The effect of irrigation water salinity on soil moisture was significant. The highest soil moisture content was from the 400-ppm calcium carbonate subtreatment. The use of magnetized water for irrigation is recommended to save irrigation water.
Electrical characterization of individual carbon nanotubes grown in nanoporous anodic alumina templates (2004)

We report electrical transport measurements of individual carbon nanotubes grown catalytically in a nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide template by thermal chemical vapor deposition of acetylene. The four-terminal resistance at room temperature scales linearly with the nanotube length indicating diffusive nature of transport. The conductance shows an exp[(−1/T)1/3] dependence on temperature T, suggesting that two-dimensional variable-range hopping is the dominant conduction mechanism. The maximum current density carried by these nanotubes is on the order of 106 A/cm2.
Effects of grain size on cutting performance of Al2O3-TiC ceramics tool. (1989)

Three sorts of Al2O3-25 vol% TiC ceramics having different grain sizes were prepared by hot-pressing and cutting performance of the ceramics tools was studied as a function of Al2O3 grain size. The results obtained were briefly summarized as follows; The fine grained tools showed the largest flank wear (VB) in turning test of grey cast iron, but on the other hand, they showed the smallest VB in the test of alloyed tool steel. The coarse grained tools often exhibited a shorten life time due to flaking.Discussion on the VB which had a reverse tendency in relation to the sorts of works and flaking mechanism was finely given.
El ictioplancton en la region canaria: abundancia, distribucion y composicion taxonomica larvaria (1997)

En esta memoria se presentan los resultados del estudio del ictioplancton de la región Canaria y su relación con los procesos oceanográficos mesoescalares que afectan a la zona.\nLa región Canaria, bañada por la corriente de Canarias, está afectada por diferentes procesos oceanográficos que operan a mesoescala. Unos son inducidos por la presencia de las propias islas, que funcionan como una barrera para los flujos atmosférico (vientos alisios) y oceánico (corriente de Canarias), lo que introduce una fuerte variabilidad en dichos flujos, que induce la formación de estructuras como remolinos entre islas y remolinos y estelas cálidas a sotavento de aquellas; estos fenómenos, en el ámbito biológico, en esencia, se traducen en un incremento en la producción planctónica y, de forma genérica, se denominan efecto de isla. Otros dependen de los efectos que el afloramiento del noroeste africano tiene sobre aquella región, como son el fuerte gradiente térmico que, en sentido este-oeste, producen las aguas afloradas, o los filamentos de afloramiento que, durante la estación de máxima intensidad de aquel, llegan a alcanzar la parte oriental de la región Canaria. Afloramientos y filamentos convierten esta región en una zona de transición entre un ambiente típicamente oceánico, oligotrófico, y otro de afloramiento costero, altamente productivo. Todo lo anterior hace que las condiciones oceanográficas en esta región sean relativamente variables, tanto espacial como temporalmente.\nPara estudiar la variabilidad introducida por las islas y la influencia del afloramiento africano en la región se llevó a cabo la campaña Canarias-9110. La influencia del afloramiento africano en el área se estudió a través de un filamento de éste durante la primera parte de la campaña Canarias-9308.\n[Ver Resumen completo en pdf].
Design of Digital Communication System of XCTD Based on FSK (2014)

According to the problem of expendable conductivity temperature depth profile (XCTD) of transmission signal waveform distortion and undistinguishable information caused by cable time-varying parameters and influence of seawater. This paper designed a based on FSK (Frequency shift keying) of digital communication system. It used single-chip modem chip FX604 used in FSK modulation and demodulation of the signal. And it implements the digital signal transmission on thin wire communication on the water. The system overcomes unfavorable conditions about transmission channel and marine environment. The circuit is easy and practical.
Zeolite A hydrolysis and degradation (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTZeolite A hydrolysis and degradationThomas E. Cook, William A. Cilley, Anthony C. Savitsky, and Brandon H. WiersCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1982, 16, 6, 344–350Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00100a008https://doi.org/10.1021/es00100a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views508Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lower bounds of the minimal eigenvalue of a Hermitian positive-definite matrix (2000)

In this correspondence, we present several lower bounds of the minimal eigenvalue of a class of Hermitian positive-definite matrices, which improve the previous bounds given by Dembo (1988) and Ma and Zarowski (1995).
Multinuclear Solid-State NMR, DSC, and Conductivity Studies of Solid Polymer Electrolytes Based on Polyurethane/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Segmented Copolymers (2002)

Solid polymer electrolytes based on polyurethane/poly(dimethylsiloxane) segmented copolymers (PS55) have been characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ionic conductivity, and multinuclear solid-state NMR measurements. The results of DSC measurements indicate the formation of transient cross-links between Li+ ions and the ether oxygens on complexation with LiClO4, resulting in an increase in the soft segment Tg. However, the soft segment Tg remains almost invariant at high salt concentration. There is a conductivity jump at around 310−330 K that the behavior of ionic conductivity changes from Arrehnius- to Vogel−Tamman−Fulcher (VTF)-type behavior. Below this jump temperature, the conductivity follows Arrehnius-like behavior, implying a diffusing mechanism for transport of the charge carriers where the charge carriers are decoupled from the segmental motion of the polymer chain. By contrast, the diffusion of charge carrier is assisted by the segmental motions of the polymer chains above the jump temperature, suggested by the VTF-like behavior. At high salt concentration, the ionic conductivity decreases due to the formation of ion pairs and/or ion clusters. Solid-state 13C NMR results from cross-polarization time constant (TCH) measurements along with two-dimensional (2D) WISE NMR suggest that a significant decrease in the mobility of the soft segment as the salt is added. Polysiloxane backbone is not affected until at a higher salt concentration, as observed by the line width change in the 29Si NMR spectrum. The onset temperature of 7Li motional line narrowing is correlated with the soft segment Tg. The activation energies obtained from ionic conductivity, 7Li line width, and T1 measurements indicate that there is a strong correlation between the ionic conductivity of the solid polymer electrolyte and the mobile lithium cation.
Study on Noise-induced Quality Degradation in Optical Pulse Compression Based on Comb-like Profiled Fiber (2006)

We study on quality degradation in optical pulse compression based on comb-like profiled fiber (CPF). Highly efficient CPF with simple structure can suppress OSNR degradation and growth of timing jitter of the output pulse train.
A State-Of-The-Art Review of Car Suspension-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems (2020)

One of the most important techniques for energy harvesting is the clean energy collection from the ambient vibration. Piezoelectric energy harvesting systems became a hot topic in the literature and attracted most researchers. The reason behind this attraction is that piezoelectric materials are a simple structure and provide a higher power density among other mechanisms (electromagnetic and electrostatic). The aim of this manuscript is to succinctly review and present the state of the art of different existing vibrational applications utilizing piezoelectric energy harvesting technique. Meanwhile, the main concentration is harvesting energy from a vehicle suspension system. There is a significant amount of dissipated energy from the suspension dampers that is worthy of being harvested. Different mathematical car models with their experimental setup are presented, discussed, and compared. The piezoelectric material can be mounted in different locations such as suspension springs, dampers, and tires. The technique of implementing the harvester and the amount of power harvested from each location are analyzed. The evaluation of the electrical harvesting circuits and different storage devices for the harvested power are also discussed. The paper will also shed light on the variety of potential applications of the harvested energy.
Expression and characterization of the eaeA gene product of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 (1993)

In enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, the eaeA gene produces a 94-kDa outer membrane protein called intimin which has been shown to be necessary but not sufficient to produce the attaching-and-effacing lesion. The purpose of this study was to characterize the intimin specified by the eaeA allele of the enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) serotype O157:H7 strain CL8 and to determine its role in adherence. The carboxyl-terminal 266 amino acids of the CL8 intimin were expressed as a protein fusion with glutathione S-transferase, which was used to raise antiserum in rabbits. The antiserum reacted in Western immunoblots with a 97-kDa outer membrane protein of EHEC strains of serogroups O5, O26, O111, and O157 and enteropathogenic E. coli strains of serogroups O55 and O127. Surface labelling of CL8 with 125I showed that intimin was surface exposed. An eaeA insertional inactivation mutant of CL8 was produced and was designated CL8-KO1. Total adherence of CL8-KO1 to HEp-2 cells was not significantly different from that of CL8, but CL8-KO1 gave a negative result in the fluorescent actin staining test. The eaeA gene expressed alone in E. coli HB101 also gave a negative fluorescent actin staining test result. The eaeA gene of CL8 was able to complement the eaeA deletion mutation in CVD206. We conclude that the product of the EHEC eaeA gene is a 97-kDa surface-exposed protein and propose that it be designated intiminO157. Sherman et al. described a 94-kDa outer membrane protein which played an important role in adherence of E. coli O157:H7 (Infect. Immun. 59:890-899, 1991). Western immunoblotting and indirect fluorescent antibody studies showed that the protein described by Sherman et al. is not intimin.
Flegl, M. and Andrade, L. 2016. Rio 2016 - Olympic Sport Economic Data (2016)

This dataset includes important economic, demographic and sport data related to Summer Olympic games in Rio de Janeiro 2016. Dataset includes variables such as: GDP, GDP per capita, Inflation, Population total, Population 15-64, Economic Active Population, Corruption Perception Index, Medal rankings, and World Bank's country classification by income. Dataset can be used for any Rio 2016 Olympic games related analysis and any classical economic models.
<i>PAN3</i> Encodes a Subunit of the Pab1p-Dependent Poly(A) Nuclease in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1996)

The Pab1p-dependent poly(A) nuclease (PAN) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae copurifies with polypeptides of approximately 127 and 76 kDa. Previously, it was demonstrated that the 127-kDa Pan2 protein is required for PAN activity (R. Boeck, S. Tarun, M. Reiger, J. Deardorff, S. Müller-Auer, and A.B. Sachs, J. Biol. Chem. 271:432-438, 1996). Here we demonstrate that the 76-kDa protein, encoded by the nonessential PAN3 gene, is also required for enzymatic activity. Deletion of PAN3 resulted in the loss of PAN activity in yeast extracts, and immunodepletion of Pan3p from purified PAN fractions abolished enzymatic activity. We show by coimmunoprecipitation and directed two-hybrid studies that the Pan2 and Pan3 proteins physically interact. In addition, we demonstrate that a deletion of PAN2, PAN3, or both resulted in similar increases in mRNA poly(A) tail lengths in vivo. These data strongly suggest that both Pan2p and Pan3p are required subunits of the PAN enzyme and that PAN functions in vivo to shorten mRNA poly(A) tails.
Experimental evaluation of Cubic-TCP (2008)

In this paper we present an initial experimental evaluation of the recently proposed Cubic-TCP algorithm. Results are presented using a suite of benchmark tests that have been recently proposed in the literature [12], and a number of\nissues are of practical concern highlighted.
Fingerprint Anti-Spoofing Using Ridgelet Transform (2008)

This paper proposes a new ridgelet transform-based method to detect spoof fingerprint attacks in fingerprint biometric systems. It uses differences in textural characteristics observed in real and spoof fingerprints for spoof detection. Textural measures based on ridgelet energy signatures and ridgelet co-occurrence signatures are used to characterize fingerprint texture. Principal component analysis with ranker search is used to reduce dimensionalities of the feature sets. We test two feature sets independently on three classifiers: neural network, support vector machine and k-nearest neighbor; then we fuse all the classifiers using the "mean rule" to form an ensemble classifier. Classification rates achieved with these classifiers, including an ensemble classifier range from <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">~</sub> 92.47% to <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">~</sub> 97.41%. Thus, the performance of the new liveness detection method is very promising, as it needs only one fingerprint and no extra hardware to detect vitality.
Pseudomonic acid. Part 2. Biosynthesis of pseudomonic acid A (1977)

The biosynthetic precursors of pseudomonic acid A (la) have been defined by using radioisotopically labelled substrates. Positions of labelled atoms and values of 1JCC couplings in (la) biosynthesised from [1-13C]-, [2-13C]-, and [1,2-13C2]-acetate, [1-13C]- and [3-13C]-propionate, and L-[Me-13C]methionine have been determined by 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy. A biosynthetic route to (la) is suggested which proceeds through C12,C9, and C5 units.
Identification and characterisation of novel human dendritic cell progenitors (2016)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells that initiate the immune response. They are heterogeneous and are broadly classified into three groups – two major subsets of conventional DCs (cDC) named cDC1 and cDC2, and plasmacytoid DC (pDC). Each subset has unique transcription factor dependency, and specialised functions. DCs are derived from a unique lineage of DC-restricted progenitors that are until now not yet fully characterised. Currently, there are limited genetic lineage fate mapping mice models available to track the development of DCs in steady state and inflammation. We have identified Uroplakin-1b (Upk1b) as uniquely expressed in DC-restricted progenitors. Surprisingly, this molecule is also expressed in microglia. We developed a fate mapping Upk1b-cre mouse, which was crossed to Rosa-YFP reporter mouse to generate Upk1b-cre:Rosa YFP. Contrary to our expectations, we observed low recombination in DC-restricted progenitors and DC subsets. However, the recombination level in the microglia was close to 80% in young adults, suggesting that it may be a useful model for microglial research. Upk1b is conserved across species and may serve as a potential marker to identify DC-restricted progenitors in humans. Although human DC-restricted progenitors were recently identified, here, we extended and further refined the definition of the precursor of cDC (pre-cDC). We showed that they share several common phenotypic markers such as CD303, CD123 and CD45RA with pDC, thereby contaminating the pDC fraction of the peripheral blood. Hence, this might explain why pDC when stimulated with IL-3 and CD40 ligand, were found to differentiate into cells with cDC-like morphology. We also demonstrated that pre-cDC but not pDC were able to differentiate into cDC subsets in MS5 stromal culture supplemented with the cytokines Flt3L, SCF and GM-CSF. We further interrogated the bulk pre-cDC population in peripheral blood and identified three populations of pre-cDC, namely early, uncommitted pre-cDC and committed pre-cDC1 and pre-cDC2. Early, uncommitted pre-cDC differentiated into both cDC subsets, while committed pre-cDC1 and pre-cDC2 differentiated into their respective cDC subsets. We also observed that they are responsive to Flt3L stimulation and were able to induce allogeneic naïve T cell proliferation in the absence of stimulation. Finally, we observed that pre-cDC was expanded in the blood of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients, and are currently investigating the role of pre-cDC in this autoimmune disease.
On-line Far-infrared Michelson Interferometry in a Time-shared Mode (1970)

A method is described for implementing real-time far-infrared Fourier spectroscopy in a time-shared environment. The system makes use of the IBM 1800 TSX-based General Experimental Monitor (GEM) and reduces by at least an order of magnitude the time between experiment initiation and the display of useful spectral frequency and intensity information. The key feature of the system includes conversational mode operation with the incomplete data array. This feature enables one to review at any interval the Fourier transform of the partially acquired data without in any way disturbing the process of data collection. Procedures are illustrated also for performing signal averaging and several comparatively routine spectroscopic tasks.
An easy-to-use approach for practical bus-based system design (1999)

We present an easy-to-use model that addresses the practical issues in designing bus-based shared-memory multiprocessor systems. The model relates the shared-bus width, bus cycle time, cache memory, the features of a program execution, and the number of processors on a shared bus to a metric called request utilization. The request utilization is treated as the scaling factor for the effective average waiting processors in computing the queuing delay cycles. Simulation study shows that the model performs very well in estimating the shared bus response time. Using the model, a system designer can quickly decide the number of the processors that a shared bus is able to support effectively, the size of the cache memory a system should use, and the bus cycle time that the main memory system should provide. With the model, we show that the design favors caching the requests for a contention-based medium instead of speeding up the transfers although the same performance can be respectively achieved by the two techniques in a contention-free situation.
3D human pose recognition for home monitoring of elderly (2007)

A toolbox for the automatic monitoring of elderly in a nursing home or in the natural home environment is proposed. Rather than monitoring vital signs or other biomedical parameters, the toolbox is focussed on the monitoring of activity patterns and changes therein. Activity information is derived from visual information using image processing algorithms. The visual information is acquired using 3D camera technology. Besides a traditional visual image, 3D cameras also provide highly accurate depth information. The 3D position of the subject is derived and serves as the primary information source for the different components in the toolbox.
Entry and exit in recent US business cycles (2015)

The author would like to thank the Spanish government (research project ECO2011-24304) for financial support.