gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Die Reaktionen des Schwefelwasserstoffs mil hydratisierten Elektronen und freien Wasserstoffatomen und die Solvatationsenergie des Elektrons im Wasser (1965)

Abstract Schwefelwasserstoff reagiert mit hydratisierten Elektronen in wäßriger Lösung mit einer bimolekularen Geschwindigkeitskonstante von (1,35 ± 0,1) · 10 10 Mol −1 liter sec −1 . Je Einfang nach e − aq + H 2 S → H 2 + S − kommen 1,86 Einfänge nach e − aq + H 2 S → H 2 + S − . Freie D‐Atome reagieren mit D 2 S 7,5mal rascher als mit dem Formiatanion. Die Geschwindigkeitskonstante der Reaktion H + H 2 S → H 2 + SH in wäßriger Lösung beträgt etwa 1 · 10 9 Mol −1 liter sec −1 . Diese Ergebnisse wurden teils durch pulsradiolytische Versuche, teils durch die Untersuchung der Kompetition des Schwefelwasserstoffs mit Distickstoffmonoxyd und Natriumformiat um die hydratisierten Elektronen und freien Wasserstoffatome aus der Radiolyse des Wassers erhalten. Während die Reaktion des freien Elektrons mit Schwefelwasserstoff in der Gasphase eine Energiebarriere von 2,2 eV hat, verläuft sie in wäßriger Lösung praktisch ohne Aktivierungsenergie. Aus der bekannten Hydratationsenergie des SH − ‐Ions und der Aktivierungsenergie in der Gasphase errechnet sich die Hydratationsenergie derjenigen Elektronen, die mit H 2 S bei jedem Zusammenstoß zu reagieren vermögen, zu < 1,4 eV.
Murine B cells expressing Thy-1 after in vivo immunization selectively secrete IgE. (1990)

IL-4 induces Thy-1 expression and IgE secretion by LPS--and T cell-stimulated murine B cells in vitro. IFN-gamma inhibits both of these IL-4-mediated effects. IL-4 and IFN-gamma are often exclusively produced by different CD4+ T cell subsets. Injection of mice with a polyclonal goat anti-mouse IgD antibody (GaM delta) stimulates large increases in the serum concentration of IgE through the production of IL-4. Neutralization of endogenous IFN-gamma production in GaM delta-injected mice leads to further increases in serum IgE levels. We show that IL-4 and IFN-gamma, produced after GaM delta injection, respectively, stimulate and inhibit the number of splenic B cells expressing Thy-1 in vivo. Increased numbers of Thy-1-expressing B cells are observed concomitantly with the onset of enhanced IgE secretion. These Thy-1-expressing B cells are highly and selectively enriched for IgE-secreting cells.
In Vivo Polyethylene Bearing Mobility Is Maintained in Posterior Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty (2004)

In vivo knee kinematics, including polyethylene bearing mobility, were determined in a group of nine patients implanted with a posterior stabilized, mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty. Each patient, while under fluoroscopic surveillance, did a weightbearing deep knee bend and was analyzed using a 3-D computer model-fitting technique. Patients were evaluated at three and 15 months postoperatively. All nine patients had polyethylene bearing rotation relative to the tibial tray at both times, with the maximum amount of polyethylene bearing rotation at any flexion interval averaging 8.5 (range, 5.2-15.5) and 9.8 (range, 4.8-14.2) at 3 and 15 months, respectively. Minimal rotation of the polyethylene bearing relative to the femoral component was observed, averaging only 1.9 and 1.0 of rotation from full extension to maximum knee flexion at three and 15 months, respectively. This study determined that the polyethylene bearing is primarily rotating relative to the tibia rather than the femoral component. Therefore, as the femoral component axially rotates, the polyethylene bearing is rotating a similar magnitude in the same direction. This should result in reduced shear stresses on the superior aspect of the polyethylene bearing, lessening polyethylene wear.
[P4–404]: A NOVEL DRUG‐SCREENING PLATFORM IN MICROGLIAL CELLS IDENTIFIES POTENTIAL AD DRUGS (2017)

Microglia are the brain resident immune cells, responsible for clearing toxic pathogens, such as Abeta. During AD progression, microglia transition from a neuroprotective/pro-phagocytic to a neurotoxic state, characterized by increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Heneka et al., Nature Immunology, 2015). Our group first discovered the microglial receptor CD33 as a late-onset AD risk factor in a large family-based GWAS analysis (Bertram et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet., 2008). We also found that CD33 promoted amyloid pathology by inhibiting uptake and clearance of Abeta in microglial cells (Griciuc et al., Neuron, 2013). We generated single clonal BV2 cells stably expressing: a) full-length human CD33, BV2-CD33WT, and b) human CD33 lacking the sialic acid binding domain, BV2-CD33ΔVIg. With these two cell lines and the parent cell line, BV2, we set up two assays for screening potential AD drugs: an Abeta uptake assay, and, a LPS-induced activation assay. Cells were pre-treated with compounds of interest, or vehicle. Abeta uptake, or LPS activation, followed in the presence of compounds. Compounds toxicity was assessed by LDH assay on the conditioned media. Following LPS activation, pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured in the media. Abeta was measured in RIPA supernatants after uptake. To date, we tested over 80 FDA-approved or biologically relevant compounds in dose-response in these novel assays. Remarkably, we found 10 compounds to be active in both Abeta uptake and LPS activation assays. We investigated whether compounds inhibited CD33 function by running the assays in naïve BV2, BV2-CD33WT and BV2-CD33ΔVIg cells. Among the screened compounds, T-817MA (edonerpic, Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd.) was active in both microglial assays. T-817MA is currently in AD phase 1 and 2 clinical trials and its neuroprotection is well documented (Takamura et.al., Neurobiol Aging, 2014). Our data suggest a novel mechanism of action for this drug.
Control of Interfacial Properties with Photo-Switchable Surfactants (2004)

ミセル・紐状ミセル・ベシクルなどの界面活性剤が形成する分子集合体の形成と崩壊を, 外部刺激により可逆的に制御することができれば, 集合体内部に保持した薬物や香料の放出制御や, 有害有機物の回収除去などへの応用が期待できる。本論文では, 光応答性を有するアゾベンゼン修飾カチオン界面活性剤 (AZTMA) を利用した, 分子集合体形成の光制御について報告する。まず, trans-AZTMAとcis-AZTMAの臨界ミセル濃度 (cmc) および可溶化能の違いを利用した可溶化の光制御について述べる。次に, 紐状ミセル中に取り込ませたAZTMAの光異性化反応を利用した溶液粘性の光制御について紹介する。最後に, カチオン性のAZTMA, アニオン性のSDBSの混合系におけるベシクル形成の光制御について報告する。
KUALITAS PRODUK, HARGA, DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN, PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN KARTU PRABAYAR TRI DI KELURAHAN WAWALINTOUAN TONDANO BARAT (2015)

Abstrak: Persaingan dalam bisnis operator seluler saat ini kian meningkat seiring berkembangnya teknologi komunikasi. Hal ini menuntut perusahaan untuk terus berinovasi dalam meningkatkan kualitas produk serta layanannya dan lebih cermat dalam menentukan harga agar perusahan dapat bersaing dengan kompetitornya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk, harga serta kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan kartu prabayar Tri di Kelurahan Wawalintouan Tondano Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian asosiatif dengan teknik analisis regresi berganda. Sampel yang digunakan 100 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kualitas produk, harga serta kualitas layanan secara simultan dan parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan kartu prabayar Tri. Manajemen PT. Hutchison 3, sebaiknya tidak cepat puas  dengan pencapaian yang diperoleh, melainkan terus berinovasi agar mampu  meningkatkan kualitas produk, dan layanannya sehingga perusahaan dapat tetap bertahan mengingat  persaingan dalam bidang telekomunikasi semakin ketat, juga dikarenakan semakin meningkatnya selera konsumen sebagai dampak dari perkembangan zaman yang semakin modern. . Kata kunci : kualitas produk, harga, kualitas layanan, kepuasan pelanggan
Fast modal sounds with scalable frequency-domain synthesis (2008)

Audio rendering of impact sounds, such as those caused by falling objects or explosion debris, adds realism to interactive 3D audiovisual applications, and can be convincingly achieved using modal sound synthesis. Unfortunately, mode-based computations can become prohibitively expensive when many objects, each with many modes, are impacted simultaneously. We introduce a fast sound synthesis approach, based on short-time Fourier Tranforms, that exploits the inherent sparsity of modal sounds in the frequency domain. For our test scenes, this "fast mode summation" can give speedups of 5--8 times compared to a time-domain solution, with slight degradation in quality. We discuss different reconstruction windows, affecting the quality of impact sound "attacks". Our Fourier-domain processing method allows us to introduce a scalable, real-time, audio processing pipeline for both recorded and modal sounds, with auditory masking and sound source clustering. To avoid abrupt computation peaks, such as during the simultaneous impacts of an explosion, we use crossmodal perception results on audiovisual synchrony to effect temporal scheduling. We also conducted a pilot perceptual user evaluation of our method. Our implementation results show that we can treat complex audiovisual scenes in real time with high quality.
Analysis and Design of Liquid-Cooling Systems Using Flow Network Modeling (FNM) (2003)

Liquid cooling is used for thermal management of electronics in defense, power, medical, and computer applications due to the increasing power density and the desire for compact packaging. The objectives in the design of these systems are to create a sufficient amount of total flow and to appropriately distribute the flow so as to maintain the electronic component temperatures at the desired level. The technique of Flow Network Modeling (FNM) is ideally suited for the analysis of flow distribution and heat transfer in liquid-cooling systems. The FNM technique uses overall flow and thermal characteristics to represent the behavior of individual components. Therefore, solution of conservation equations over the network enables efficient prediction of the flow rates, pressures, and temperatures in a complete liquid-cooling system. This article describes the technical basis of the FNM technique and illustrates its application in the design of a distributed-flow cold plate and of a complete water-cooled system. The study demonstrates the utility of the FNM technique for rapid and accurate evaluation of different design options and the ensuing productivity benefits in the design of liquid cooling systems.
Prognostic significance of <i>p53</i> mutations in colon cancer at the population level (2002)

Some studies have reported that p53 mutations or certain types of p53 mutation are associated with poor prognosis in colon cancer, while other studies have failed to show such a relationship. None of these previous studies was population-based. We therefore evaluated the prognostic significance of p53 mutations in a large, population-based study of 1,464 individuals with colon cancer from Utah and California. Mutations in exons 5-8 were detected by SSCP analysis, followed by sequencing of aberrant bands. p53 mutations were identified in colon cancers from 665 of 1,464 (45.4%) individuals. p53 mutations were significantly more common in distal tumors (p < 0.01), tumors of relatively high stage (p = 0.04), tumors without MSI (p < 0.01) and tumors without Ki-ras mutations (p < 0.01). In a univariate analysis, tumors with p53 mutations were associated with a significantly worse 5-year survival than those with wild-type p53 (53.4% vs. 58.8%, p = 0.04); significantly worse prognosis also was seen with missense mutations, transitions, transversions, mutations affecting the structure of the p53 molecule, mutations within the beta-sandwich motif and mutations in proximal tumors. In multivariate analyses, however, the only significant predictors of poor prognosis were G245 hot spot mutations (HRR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.06-4.40) and p53 mutations in proximal tumors (HRR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.07-1.63). We conclude that overall p53 mutational status is not an independent predictor of poor prognosis in colon cancer. However, specific classes of mutations, namely, the G245 hot spot mutation and mutations in proximal tumors, are related to significantly worse survival even after adjusting for age and stage.
<sup>99m</sup>Tc-Labeled Cystine Knot Peptide Targeting Integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>6</sub>for Tumor SPECT Imaging (2014)

Integrin αvβ6 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, and its expression is often associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, there is a need to develop affinity reagents for noninvasive imaging of integrin αvβ6 expression since it may provide early cancer diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and better treatment planning. We recently engineered and validated highly stable cystine knot peptides that selectively bind integrin αvβ6 with no cross-reactivity to integrins αvβ5, α5β1, or αvβ3, also known to be overexpressed in many cancers. Here, we developed a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) probe for imaging integrin αvβ6 positive tumors. Cystine knot peptide, S02, was first conjugated with a single amino acid chelate (SAAC) and labeled with [(99m)Tc(H2O)3(CO)3](+). The resulting probe, (99m)Tc-SAAC-S02, was then evaluated by in vitro cell uptake studies using two αvβ6 positive cell lines (human lung adenocarcinoma cell line HCC4006 and pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3) and two αvβ6 negative cell lines (human lung adenocarcinoma cell line H838 and human embryonic kidney cell line 293T). Next, SPECT/CT and biodistribution studies were performed in nude mice bearing HCC4006 and H838 tumor xenografts to evaluate the in vivo performance of (99m)Tc-SAAC-S02. Significant differences in the uptake of (99m)Tc-SAAC-S02 were observed in αvβ6 positive vs negative cells (P < 0.05). Biodistribution and small animal SPECT/CT studies revealed that (99m)Tc-SAAC-S02 accumulated to moderate levels in antigen positive tumors (∼2% ID/g at 1 and 6 h postinjection, n = 3 or 4/group). Moreover, the probe demonstrated tumor-to-background tissue ratios of 6.81 ± 2.32 (tumor-to-muscle) and 1.63 ± 0.18 (tumor-to-blood) at 6 h postinjection in αvβ6 positive tumor xenografts. Co-incubation of the probe with excess amount of unlabeled S02 as a blocking agent demonstrated significantly reduced tumor uptake, which is consistent with specific binding to the target. Renal filtration was the main route of clearance. In conclusion, knottin peptides are excellent scaffolds for which to develop highly stable imaging probes for a variety of oncological targets. (99m)Tc-SAAC-S02 demonstrates promise for use as a SPECT agent to image integrin αvβ6 expression in living systems.
Optical sampling by laser cavity tuning (2010)

Most time-resolved optical experiments rely either on external mechanical delay lines or on two synchronized femtosecond lasers to achieve a defined temporal delay between two optical pulses. Here, we present a new method which does not require any external delay lines and uses only a single femtosecond laser. It is based on the cross-correlation of an optical pulse with a subsequent pulse from the same laser. Temporal delay between these two pulses is achieved by varying the repetition rate of the laser. We validate the new scheme by a comparison with a cross-correlation measurement carried out with a conventional mechanical delay line.
Development of a tunable method to generate various three-dimensional microstructures by replenishing macromolecules such as extracellular matrix components and polysaccharides (2020)

Multicellular spheroids (spheroids) are expected to be a promising approach to mimic in vivo organ functions and cell microenvironments. However, conventional spheroids do not fully consider the existence of extracellular matrices (ECMs). In this study, we developed a tunable method for replenishing macromolecules, including ECM components and polysaccharides, into spheroids without compromising cell viability by injecting a microvolume cell suspension into a high density of methylcellulose dissolved in the culture medium. Adjusting the ECM concentration in the cell suspension enabled the generation of different three-dimensional microstructures, such as "ECM gel capsules", which contained individually separated cells, and "ECM-loaded spheroids", which had thin ECM layers between cells. ECM-loaded spheroids with a 30-fold dilution of Matrigel (0.3 mg/ml) showed significantly higher albumin secretion than control spheroids composed of Hep G2 or HuH-7 cells. Additionally, the expression levels of major CYP genes were decreased in ECM gel capsules with undiluted Matrigel (9 mg/ml) compared to those in control spheroids. However, 0.3 mg/ml Matrigel did not disrupt gene expression. Furthermore, cell polarity associated with tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and Claudin-1) and the transporter protein MRP2 was markedly induced by using 0.3 mg/ml Matrigel. Thus, high-performance three-dimensional tissues fabricated by this method are applicable to increasing the efficiency of drug screening and to regenerative medicine.
Effects of various additives on the solution properties of middle phase microemulsion with nonionic surfactants. (1990)

非イオン界面活性剤を用いたミドル相マイクロエマルションの生成温度, 粒子径, 含水率に及ぼす各種アルコール並びに無機電解質の影響を検討した。ミドル相マイクロエマルションの生成温度は, メタノールやエタノールを添加すると高温側にシフトしたが, ブタノールやペンタノールを添加すると低温側にシフトした。また, 無添加系の最適生成温度におけるミドル相マイクロエマルションの含水率および粒子径は, メタノール, エタノール, プロパノール等の3種類のアルコールを添加すると増加した。一方, ブタノールやペンタノールの添加はミドル相マイクロエマルションの粒子径を増加させたが, 含水率を減少させた。一方, NaCl, Na2CO3, NaNO3, Na2SO4, MgSO4, CaCl2の添加はミドル相マイクロエマルションの最適生成温度を低下させ, 粒子径の増加および含水率の減少をもたらした。また, NaSCNやNaIの添加は, ミドル相マイクロエマルションの生成温度を上昇させ, 粒子径および含水率を増加させた。以上のことより, 最適ミドル相マイクロエマルションの生成条件およびその物性はアルコールの炭化水素鎖長あるいは無機電解質のアニオン種により著しく変化することが分かった。
Electric Polarization of Heteropolar Nanotubes as a Geometric Phase (2002)

The threefold symmetry of planar boron nitride (BN), the III-V analog to graphene, prohibits an electric polarization in its ground state, but this symmetry is broken when the sheet is wrapped to form a BN nanotube. We show that this leads to an electric polarization along the nanotube axis which is controlled by the quantum mechanical boundary conditions on its electronic states around the tube circumference. Thus the macroscopic dipole moment has an intrinsically nonlocal quantum mechanical origin from the wrapped dimension. We formulate this novel phenomenon using the Berry's phase approach and discuss its experimental consequences.
AIM: Fast and energy-efficient AES in-memory implementation for emerging non-volatile main memory (2018)

Non-volatile main memory-based systems pose an opportunity for an attacker to readily access sensitive information on the memory because of its long retention time. While real-time memory encryption with dedicated AES engine can address this vulnerability, it incurs extra performance and energy overheads. As an alternative, we propose an AES in-memory implementation, AIM, to encrypt the whole/part of the memory only when it is necessary. We leverage the benefits offered by the inmemory computing architecture to address the challenges of the bandwidth intensive encryption application. We take advantage of NVM's intrinsic logic operation capability to implement the AES task. Embracing the massive parallelism inside the memory, AIM outperforms existing mechanisms with higher throughput yet lower energy consumption. Compared with state-of-the-art AES engine running at 2.1GHz, AIM can speed up the encryption process by 80 χ for a 1GB NVM.
Yeast lariat debranching enzyme. Substrate and sequence specificity. (1994)

Yeast RNA lariat debranching enzyme has been purified to near homogeneity using a bacterial overproducer of the enzyme. The enzyme is capable of digesting a variety of branched nucleic acid substrates, including group II intron lariats, multicopy single-stranded DNAs (msDNAs), and a variety of synthetic branched RNAs. A trinucleotide release assay using radiolabeled msDNA substrates was developed and used to determine the basic biochemical parameters for the enzyme. The debranching enzyme shows a strong preference for purines at the 2'-position in both msDNA and synthetic branched RNA substrates, in accord with the structure of its native substrate, which always has a 2'-G residue. The use of small synthetic branched RNA substrates will allow systematic mechanistic and structural studies of this unique enzyme.
Genetics of leucine biosynthesis in Bacillus megaterium QM B1551 (1984)

Genes involved in the biosynthesis of leucine have been mapped in Bacillus megaterium QM B1551, using transducing phage MP13. Mutations were designated leuA, leuB, or leuC on the basis of enzyme assays. Two mutant strains were deficient in the enzyme activities of leuA (alpha-isopropylmalate synthase) and leuC (beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase) and so may contain polar mutations. Fine-structure transduction mapping established the gene order leuC-leuB-leuA-ilv-hem-phe. The orientation of the leu genes to the ilv gene is the same as in Bacillus subtilis, but the relationship in respect to two other linked markers, hem and phe, differs.
Regulatory elements common to the Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus subtilis trp operons (1986)

The trp operon regulatory region of Bacillus pumilus was cloned and sequenced. The cloned B. pumilus trp promoter-leader region functioned in Bacillus subtilis to express the adjacent leukocyte interferon A gene on a multicopy transcriptional fusion plasmid, pBpIFI. In strains carrying this plasmid, anthranilate synthetase levels were elevated, possible due to titration of a B. subtilis trp regulatory factor by multiple copies of the transcript of the plasmid-borne B. pumilus trp leader region. The B. pumilus trp promoter was recognized efficiently in vitro by B. subtilis sigma 43 RNA polymerase. Approximately 12% of the transcripts produced in vitro terminated in the leader region immediately following synthesis of a transcript structure resembling rho-independent terminators of enteric bacteria. An analogous terminator exists in the B. subtilis trp leader transcript. Nucleotide sequence comparison of the B. pumilus and B. subtilis trp leader regions revealed conservation of these and other sequences that could form transcript secondary structures postulated to regulate transcription termination in B. subtilis (H. Shimotsu, M.I. Kuroda, C. Yanofsky, and D.J. Henner, J. Bacteriol. 166:461-471, 1986). We propose that two elements implicated in B. subtilis trp operon regulation are conserved in the related organism B. pumilus: alternative transcription antiterminator and terminator structures in the leader transcript, and a trans-acting factor present in limiting amounts that is required for transcription termination in the leader region.
Deep Neural Networks for Detection and Location of Microseismic Events and Velocity Model Inversion from Microseismic Data Acquired by Distributed Acoustic Sensing Array (2021)

Fiber-optic cables have recently gained popularity for use as Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) arrays for borehole microseismic monitoring due to their physical robustness as well as high spatial and temporal resolutions. As a result, the sensors record large amounts of data, making it very difficult to process in real-/semi-real-time using the conventional processing routines. We present a novel approach, based on deep learning, for handling the large amounts of DAS data in real-/semi-real-time. The proposed neural network was trained on synthetic microseismic data contaminated with real-ambient noise from field data and was validated using field DAS microseismic data obtained from a hydraulic fracturing operation. The results indicate that the trained network is capable of detecting and locating microseismic events from DAS data and simultaneously update the velocity model to a high degree of precision. The mean absolute errors in the event locations and the velocity model parameters are 2.04, 0.72, 2.76, 4.19 and 0.97 percent for distance (<i>x</i>), depth (<i>z</i>), P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and density, respectively. In addition to automation and computational efficiency, deep learning reduces human expert data handling during processing, thus preserving data integrity leading to more accurate and reproducible results.