gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Snapshot blotting: transfer of nucleic acids and nucleoprotein complexes from electrophoresis gels to grids for electron microscopy. (1994)

We present a technique, "snapshot blotting," for the electrophoretic transfer of nucleic acids and nucleoprotein complexes in gel electrophoresis bands onto highly stable carbon film-coated grids for imaging by electron microscopy. The method permits structural analysis of macromolecular species that have been resolved by a gel mobility-shift assay. To demonstrate the efficiency and integrity of the transfer process for a multiprotein-DNA assembly, we have imaged various species of a prokaryotic transcription complex, using the cleavage-defective EcoRI(Q111) protein as an orientation marker and as a blockade of transcription elongation. Snapshot blotting should be of great utility in the structural characterization of nucleic acids and protein-nucleic acid interactions.
Microbial Models of Mammalian Metabolism of Xenobiotics: An Updated Review (1999)

The utilization of microbes as models for mammalian metabolism of xenobiotics has been well established since the concept was first introduced by Smith and Rosazza in the early seventies. The core assumption of this concept rests on the fact that fungi are eukaryotic organisms that possess metabolizing enzyme systems similar to those present in mammalian systems. Hence, the outcome of xenobiotic metabolism in both systems is expected to be similar, if not identical, and, thus, fungi can be used to predict the outcome of mammalian metabolism of various xenobiotics, including drugs. Utilizing microbial models offers a number of advantages over the use of animals in metabolism studies, mainly reduction in use of animals, ease of setup and manipulation, higher yield and diversity of metabolite production, and lower cost of production. In a continuation to our contribution to this field, this review will outline the results of studies that were conducted over the last seven years to emphasize the similarities between the microbial and mammalian metabolic pathways of xenobiotics through the endorsement of the concept of microbial models of mammalian metabolism .
Speech-Driven Facial Reenactment Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (2018)

We present a novel approach to generating photo-realistic images of a face with accurate lip sync, given an audio input. By using a recurrent neural network, we achieved mouth landmarks based on audio features. We exploited the power of conditional generative adversarial networks to produce highly-realistic face conditioned on a set of landmarks. These two networks together are capable of producing a sequence of natural faces in sync with an input audio track.
Cellulose Acetate Fibers with Fluorescing Nanoparticles for Anti-counterfeiting and pH-sensing Applications (2010)

Fluorescent silica nanoparticles, Cornell dots (C dots), were incorporated into electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) fibers. Two types of C dots were used in this study. The first type was comprised of a fluorescent dye-containing silica core surrounded by a silica shell. These nanoparticles fluoresce at 572 nm when exposed to 541 nm light. Increasing C dot loading in the spinning dope above 10% w/w did not result in an increase in C dot content within the final fibers. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the nanoparticle incorporation had very little effect on the fiber morphology. The mechanical properties of the electrospun fabrics were not negatively affected by C dot addition, even though final loading constituted nearly one-third of the weight of the fibers. A second type of C dots, with both a fluorescent core and a pH-sensitive shell, were also incorporated in CA fibers. These C dots fluoresce at both 572 nm as described above, and at 518 nm, when exposed to 488 nm light. Fluorescence intensity at 541 nm increased with increasing pH. For both nanoparticle-incorporated fabrics, the resulting fibers are white under ambient lighting, and fluoresce at their given wavelengths of light.
Bayesian inference, Gibbs' sampler and uncertainty estimation in geophysical inversion<sup>1</sup> (1996)

Abstract The posterior probability density function (PPD), σ(m|d obs ), of earth model m, where d obs are the measured data, describes the solution of a geophysical inverse problem, when a Bayesian inference model is used to describe the problem. In many applications, the PPD is neither analytically tractable nor easily approximated and simple analytic expressions for the mean and variance of the PPD are not available. Since the complete description of the PPD is impossible in the highly multi‐dimensional model space of many geophysical applications, several measures such as the highest posterior density regions, marginal PPD and several orders of moments are often used to describe the solutions. Calculation of such quantities requires evaluation of multidimensional integrals. A faster alternative to enumeration and blind Monte‐Carlo integration is importance sampling which may be useful in several applications. Thus how to draw samples of m from the PPD becomes an important aspect of geophysical inversion such that importance sampling can be used in the evaluation of these multi‐dimensional integrals. Importance sampling can be carried out most efficiently by a Gibbs' sampler (GS). We also introduce a method which we called parallel Gibbs' sampler (PGS) based on genetic algorithms (GA) and show numerically that the results from the two samplers are nearly identical. We first investigate the performance of enumeration and several sampling based techniques such as a GS, PGS and several multiple maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithms for a simple geophysical problem of inversion of resistivity sounding data. Several non‐linear optimization methods based on simulated annealing (SA), GA and some of their variants can be devised which can be made to reach very close to the maximum of the PPD. Such MAP estimation algorithms also sample different points in the model space. By repeating these MAP inversions several times, it is possible to sample adequately the most significant portion(s) of the PPD and all these models can be used to construct the marginal PPD, mean) covariance, etc. We observe that the GS and PGS results are identical and indistinguishable from the enumeration scheme. Multiple MAP algorithms slightly underestimate the posterior variances although the correlation values obtained by all the methods agree very well. Multiple MAP estimation required 0.3% of the computational effort of enumeration and 40% of the effort of a GS or PGS for this problem. Next, we apply GS to the inversion of a marine seismic data set to quantify uncertainties in the derived model, given the prior distribution determined from several common midpoint gathers.
Clinical and Pathological Features of Ovarian Cancer in Women with Germ-Line Mutations of<i>BRCA1</i> (1996)

As compared with sporadic ovarian cancers, cancers associated with BRCA1 mutation appear to have a significantly more favorable clinical course.
H<sub>2</sub>production potential in thermophilic mixed fermentation (2008)

The effect of pH on dark fermentative H(2) production at 55 degrees C was studied using three different inocula namely windrow yard waste compost (G), anaerobic organic waste compost (H) and activated sludge (A) and 2 g/L glucose as substrate. The sequential batch experiments were performed by controlling the pH at 5, 5.5 and 6. The highest molar H(2) yields were found to be 1.7 at pH 5 for G and H and 1.6 at pH 5.5 for A, while severe drops in the subsequent runs were associated with lactate fermentation. At pH 5.5 in G, despite the butyrate formation ceased, lower but more stable H(2) yields of about 1.1 were obtained through acetate-ethanol fermentation. Besides, the clostridial thermopiles prevalent at pH 5 were substituted by Thermoanaerobacterium-related species at pH 5.5 and 6. The findings suggested that for a stable H(2) yield through acetate-butyrate fermentation at 55 degrees C with compost inoculum G or H, the pH has to be controlled between pH 5 and 5.5. This is one of the few papers discussing the effects of pH on H(2) production through thermophilic mixed fermentation of glucose by using three different natural mixed culture inocula.
Recording How-Provenance on Probabilistic Databases (2010)

Tracking data provenance (or lineage) has become increasingly important in many large-scale applications, and a few methods have been proposed to record data provenance recently. However, most of previous works mainly focus on deterministic databases except Trio style lineage that aims at probabilistic databases, which is much more challenging because of the exponential growth of possible world instances and dependence among intermediate tuples. This paper proposes an approach, named PHP-tree, to model how-provenance upon probabilistic databases. we also show how to evaluate probability based on a PHP-tree. Compared with Trio style lineage, our approach is independent of intermediate results and can calculate the probability both cases of restricted and complete propagation of data provenance. Detailed experimental results show the effectiveness, efficiency and scalability of our proposed model.
Taste, A New Incentive to Switch to (R)-Praziquantel in Schistosomiasis Treatment (2009)

Our hypothesis is confirmed. We propose to use only the pure schistosomicidal component of PZQ, offering the advantage of halving the dose and expectedly improving the compliance due to the removal of the bitter taste. Therefore, (R)-PZQ should be specifically suitable for the treatment of school-age children against schistosomiasis. With this finding, we would like to offer an additional incentive to the TDR's recommendation to switch to the pure schistosomicidal (R)-PZQ.
Artificial Intelligence for Artificial Artificial Intelligence (2011)

Crowdsourcing platforms such as Amazon Mechanical Turk have become popular for a wide variety of human intelligence tasks; however, quality control continues to be a significant challenge. Recently, we propose TurKontrol, a theoretical model based on POMDPs to optimize iterative, crowd-sourced workflows. However, they neither describe how to learn the model parameters, nor show its effectiveness in a real crowd-sourced setting. Learning is challenging due to the scale of the model and noisy data: there are hundreds of thousands of workers with high-variance abilities. This paper presents an end-to-end system that first learns TurKontrol's POMDP parameters from real Mechanical Turk data, and then applies the model to dynamically optimize live tasks. We validate the model and use it to control a successive-improvement process on Mechanical Turk. By modeling worker accuracy and voting patterns, our system produces significantly superior artifacts compared to those generated through nonadaptive workflows using the same amount of money.
Cascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide (2000)

From the Publisher:
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is poised to make its mark on the Web in the year 2000. With good implementations in Internet Explorer 5.0 and Opera 3.5, and 100% support expected in Netscape's Mozilla browser, signs are that CSS is rapidly becoming a useful, reliable, and powerful tool for Web authors. 
CSS is the HTML 4.0-approved method for controlling visual presentation on Web pages. Cascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide offers a complete, detailed review of CSS1 properties and other aspects of CSS1. Each property is explored individually in detail with discussion of how each interacts with other properties. There is also information on how to avoid common mistakes in interpretation. This book is the first major title to cover CSS in a way that acknowledges and describes current browser support, instead of simply describing the way things work in theory. It offers both advanced and novice Web authors a comprehensive guide to implementation of CSS. 
Cascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide targets veteran Web authors who have already invested thousands of hours in learning HTML and writing Web pages and are wondering why they'd need to learn a brand new language of style. This book supplies those dubious but curious Web authors with the information they need to easily implement CSS to their Web site. 
This book also addresses an audience of novice Web authors who are already straining to learn all of the tags and attributes of HTML and can benefit now from implementing CSS correctly instead of repeating the mistakes of the past. 
The author has extensive experience writing about pitfalls and interesting tricks in CSS. He is a member ofthe CSS&FP Working Group, coordinates the W3C's CSS1 Test Suite, remains active on CSS newsgroups, and edits Web Review's Style Sheets Reference Guide (styles.webreview.com). He has built a widespread reputation as a CSS expert, particularly with regard to his understanding of the intricacies of browser support for CSS. He brings his knowledge and expertise to this book in the form of hints, workarounds, and many other tips for Web authors.
Bile salt toxicity to some bifidobacteria strains: Role of conjugated bile salt hydrolase and pH (2000)

The purpose of this work was to study some aspects of bile salt toxicity towards bifidobacteria. A strain (Bifidobacterium coryneforme ATCC 25911) was selected for its lack of conjugated bile salt hydrolase activity (CBSH-), and was used with three deconjugating strains (CBSH+), for study of their growth and viability in the presence of two dihydroxylated conjugated bile salts (tauro- and glyco-deoxycholic acids). The presence of the glycoconjugate induced a more significant growth inhibition for the four strains than the tauroconjugate. The viability of the strains was measured at several pH levels. Glycodeoxycholic acid, but not taurodeoxycholic acid, exerted a lethal effect, which increased at low pH. This phenomenon was more pronounced for the CBSH- strain. We explain some of these results using an hypothesis based on the consequence of dissociation of conjugated and deconjugated bile salts, and the value of their pKa.
Programmed sample delivery on a pressurized paper (2014)

This paper reports a method to control the fluid flow in paper-based microfluidic devices simply by pressing over the channel surface of paper, thereby decreasing the pore size and permeability of a non-woven polypropylene sheet. As a result, fluid resistance is increased in the pressed region and causes flow rate to decrease. We characterize the decrease of flow rate with respect to different amounts of pressure applied, and up to 740% decrease in flow velocity was achieved. In addition, we demonstrate flow rate control in a Y-shaped merging paper and sequential delivery of multiple color dyes in a three-branched paper. Furthermore, sequential delivery of multiple fluid samples is performed to demonstrate its application in multi-step colorimetric immunoassay, which shows a 4.3-fold signal increase via enhancement step.
MetaCore: an application-specific programmable DSP development system (2000)

This paper describes the MetaCore system which is an application-specific instruction-set processor (ASIP) development system targeted for digital signal processor (DSP) applications. The goal of the MetaCore system is to offer an efficient design methodology meeting specifications given as a combination of performance, cost, and design turnaround time. The MetaCore system consists of two major design stages: design exploration and design generation. In the design exploration stage, MetaCore system accepts a set of benchmark programs and structural/behavioral specifications for the target processor and estimates the hardware cost and performance for each hardware configuration being explored. Once a hardware configuration and instruction set are chosen, the system helps generate the target processor design in the form of hardware description language (HDL) along with the application program development tools such as C compiler, assembler, and instruction set simulator. The effectiveness of the MetaCore system was verified with a successful design of MDSP-II, a programmable DSP processor targeted for mobile communication.
Performance of an Onboard Fuel Processor for PEM Fuel Cell Vehicles (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, automakers are actively pursuing alternative propulsion systems. European automakers have voluntarily committed to reduce CO2 emissions 25% from 1995 levels by 2008 with the possibility of even lower levels in 2012<span class="xref"><sup>1</sup></span>. To achieve these large reductions, improvements to current engine technology are being pursued along with new power plant technologies. Fuel Cell Vehicles offer an exciting option by producing electric power through a reaction that combines hydrogen and oxygen to make water. However, hydrogen storage onboard vehicles and the construction of an expensive hydrogen fueling infrastructure remain as challenges today. In addition, greenhouse gas emissions from the production of hydrogen must be considered since most hydrogen is currently produced from non-renewable sources. While these issues are being worked on, Renault has chosen to pursue a fuel cell vehicle with a fuel processor that converts gasoline to hydrogen onboard the vehicle.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">As presented at the 2004 SAE World Congress, Renault and Nuvera Fuel Cells developed a fuel processor that achieved automotive size and power in a project from 2002 to 2004. This work is continuing in a new four-year project that seeks to further advance the technology to achieve the technical requirements for a commercial vehicle system. A main focus of this project is the controls of the fuel processor system, which influence the response of the overall power plant. This controls effort includes development of automotive components for controlling the fluid flows to improve the system response, turndown, and the packaging size. This paper presents an overview of the gasoline fuel cell power plant along with advances in the fuel processing technology and current testing results of the fuel processor system with the custom control system. To date, the fuel processor has shown a startup of under 6 minutes from room temperature to less than 100 ppm CO. Primary advances include heat transfer optimization and automotive-type controls components. In addition, durability tests have revealed areas for improvement.</div>
Nsaid do not modified the antihypertensive effect of the dihydropiridine lercanidipine (2004)

Hypertensión and osteoarticular pathology are found frequently associated, specially in the elderly, and this hypertensive patients need to be treated with NSAID regularly. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of NSAID on blood pressure in essential hypertensives (EH) treated with the dihidropiridine lercanidipine. : Two hundred and ninety five EH (127 newly diagnosed and never treated) with a personal history of osteoarthritis were included in the study. Their BP was ≥ 140/90 mm Hg although isolated systolic hypertensives (ISH) were also include in the study. Patients were treated with lercanidipine 10 mg od during a 4–8 w period before adding the NSAID. At the end of the treatment with NSAID (1 to 8 weeks) blood pressure were again measured and side effects recorded. BP was measured twice, in the sitting position, with an OMRON device. The mean age of the patients was 61 ± 10 years, 52 % were female and 93 (31%) had ISH. BP at baseline were 157 ± 9 / 92 ± 6 mm Hg, HR 75 ± 9 bpm. With lercanidipine BP fell to 139 ± 9 /82 ± 7 mm Hg (p<0.001) without significant modification of HR 74 ± 9 bpm. The administration of NSAID do not modified BP (139 ± 9 /82 ± 6 mm Hg). Among the 156 EH with a well controlled BP (<140 and 90 mm Hg) after lercanidipine, 84 (82 %) remain with the BP well controlled when NSAID was added to the treatment. During the study 8 patients had mild side effects, and 3 of them were withdrawn from the study due to ankle edema. This results confirm the efficacy and tolerance of lercanidipine in the treatment of essential hypertensives. In patients treated with lercanidipine the addition of NSAID did not modified significantly the BP, being this drug very useful in hypertensive patients with osteoarthritis that need to be treated NSAID. Am J Hypertens (2004) 17, 117A–117A; doi: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.03.305
Bimodal listeners are not sensitive to interaural time differences in unmodulated low-frequency stimuli (L) (2011)

Sensitivity to interaural time differences (ITDs) with unmodulated low-frequency stimuli was assessed in bimodal listeners who had previously shown to be good performers in ITD experiments. Two types of stimuli were used: (1) an acoustic sinusoid combined with an electric transposed signal and (2) an acoustic sinusoid combined with an electric clicktrain. No or very low sensitivity to ITD was found for these stimuli, even though subjects were highly trained on the task and were intensively tested in multiple test sessions. In previous studies with users of a cochlear implant (CI) and a contralateral hearing aid (HA) (bimodal listeners), sensitivity was shown to ITD with modulated stimuli with frequency content between 600 and 3600 Hz. The outcomes of the current study imply that in speech processing design for users of a CI in combination with a HA on the contralateral side, the emphasis should be more on providing salient envelope ITD cues than on preserving fine-timing ITD cues present in acoustic signals.
Time domain reflectometry measurement principles and applications (2002)

Abstract Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a highly accurate and automatable method for determination of porous media water content and electrical conductivity. Water content is inferred from the dielectric permittivity of the medium, whereas electrical conductivity is inferred from TDR signal attenuation. Empirical and dielectric mixing models are used to relate water content to measured dielectric permittivity. Clay and organic matter bind substantial amounts of water, such that measured bulk dielectric constant is reduced and the relationship with total water content requires individual calibration. A variety of TDR probe configurations provide users with site‐ and media‐specific options. Advances in TDR technology and in other dielectric methods offer the promise not only for less expensive and more accurate tools for electrical determination of water and solute contents, but also a host of other properties such as specific surface area, and retention properties of porous media. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Dihydroxylation (AD) of N,N‐Dialkyl and N‐Methoxy‐N‐methyl . alpha.,β‐ and β,γ‐Unsaturated Amides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dynamic state estimation of power system harmonics using Kalman filter methodology (1991)

A Kalman filter is used to obtain the optimal estimate of the power system harmonic content. The measurements are simulated by adding Gaussian noise to the power system voltage and line flows at different harmonies obtained from a harmonic load flow program (HARMFLO). The effect of load variation over a one day cycle on the power system harmonics and standard are presented. The test results on the IEEE 14 bus system are included. The main difference in this approach from static estimation methods is that this method is dynamic and has the capability of tracking harmonic content versus time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>