gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Privacy and Accuracy in Probe Vehicle-Based Traffic Monitoring via Virtual Trip Lines (2011)

Traffic monitoring using probe vehicles with GPS receivers promises significant improvements in cost, coverage, and accuracy over dedicated infrastructure systems. Current approaches, however, raise privacy concerns because they require participants to reveal their positions to an external traffic monitoring server. To address this challenge, we describe a system based on virtual trip lines and an associated cloaking technique, followed by another system design in which we relax the privacy requirements to maximize the accuracy of real-time traffic estimation. We introduce virtual trip lines which are geographic markers that indicate where vehicles should provide speed updates. These markers are placed to avoid specific privacy sensitive locations. They also allow aggregating and cloaking several location updates based on trip line identifiers, without knowing the actual geographic locations of these trip lines. Thus, they facilitate the design of a distributed architecture, in which no single entity has a complete knowledge of probe identities and fine-grained location information. We have implemented the system with GPS smartphone clients and conducted a controlled experiment with 100 phone-equipped drivers circling a highway segment, which was later extended into a year-long public deployment.
Effect of ultrasonic and sonic activation of root canal sealers on the push‐out bond strength and interfacial adaptation to root canal dentine (2017)

Ultrasonic activation was associated with higher BS values, deeper intratubular penetration and greater interfacial adaptation to root dentine than sonic activation and no activation techniques, AH Plus had higher BS values than MTA Fillapex irrespective of the type of activation.
A Chemobiological Synthesis of Eplerenone (2008)

This paper will describe an approach to the synthesis of eplerenone, which is being marketed for the treatment of hypertension. The synthesis begins with DHEA available from wild yams and uses a combination of microbiological and chemical transformations to build eplerenone.
Estimating and Reducing Uncertainty in Reverberation-Chamber Characterization at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies (2016)

This contribution provides techniques for accurately characterizing uncertainty when measuring total radiated power (TRP) at millimeter-wave frequencies. The setup is based on the reverberation chamber as a well-known measurement environment capable of performing TRP measurements of wireless devices. We show that by applying various stirring techniques, we can reduce the random component of measurement uncertainty to around 2%. We use a model for estimating the uncertainty for TRP measurements based on the K factor, which is compared with uncertainties calculated from relative power measurements and we show excellent agreement. We perform a significance test to confirm that the uncertainty due to the limited number of mode-stirred samples dominates over the uncertainty due to the lack of spatial uniformity. The observed uncertainty is also compared with an ideal chamber situation and shows good agreement.
MHD generators in power production (1991)

Little is known about the cancer survivorship experiences of sexual minority women (SMW). SMW breast cancer survivors are hypothesized to experience more stress compared to heterosexual breast cancer survivors. A convenience sample of 211 breast cancer survivors (68 SMW, 143 heterosexual women) participated in this cross-sectional online investigation of perceived stress. Regression analyses indicated significant differences in reported stress between heterosexual and SMW breast cancer survivors (β= -.15, p = .03). Our findings may reflect unique experiences had by sexual minority breast cancer survivors. Future research should explore the factors that contribute to elevated perceived stress in this group.
Mouse Erk-1 gene product is a serine/threonine protein kinase that has the potential to phosphorylate tyrosine. (1991)

Bacterial expression of mouse gene Erk-1 yielded an active kinase with the same substrate specificity shown for ERK1 protein purified from rat cells. Although rat gene ERK1 is believed to encode a serine/threonine kinase based on sequence data and known ERK1 substrate phosphorylation sites, bacterially-produced mouse Erk-1 (bt-Erk-1) autophosphorylated on tyrosine in addition to serine and threonine residues. The bt-Erk-1 protein also had the capacity to reactivate the ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6KII). Furthermore, treatment of bt-Erk-1 with either serine/threonine-specific phosphatase 2A or tyrosine-specific phosphatase 1B significantly decreased its kinase activity. These findings predict that autophosphorylation may play an important role in Erk-1/ERK1 regulation.
Unstable optical resonators (1974)

This paper reviews the current level of theoretical understanding and experimental confirmation of the properties of unstable optical resonators for laser oscillators. A primary conclusion is that for any laser system characterized by a moderate gain per pass and a Fresnel number greater than a few times unity the unstable resonator provides the best practical resonator design for obtaining a high-quality near-diffraction-limited output laser beam combined with efficient energy extraction from the laser medium.
Actor-Critic Policy Learning in Cooperative Planning (2010)

In this paper, we introduce a method for learning and adapting cooperative control strategies in real-time stochastic domains. Our framework is an instance of the intelligent cooperative control architecture (iCCA)[superscript 1]. The agent starts by following the "safe" plan calculated by the planning module and incrementally adapting its policy to maximize the cumulative rewards. Actor-critic and consensus-based bundle algorithm (CBBA) were employed as the building blocks of the iCCA framework. We demonstrate the performance of our approach by simulating limited fuel unmanned aerial vehicles aiming for stochastic targets. In one experiment where the optimal solution can be calculated, the integrated framework boosted the optimality of the solution by an average of %10, when compared to running each of the modules individually, while keeping the computational load within the requirements for real-time implementation.
Isolation and Characterization of a Polymeric Lanthanum Citrate (2004)

The first lanthanide citrate coordination polymer with the formula [La(Hcit)(H(2)O)](n) (Hcit(3-) = C(OH)(COO(-))(CH(2)COO(-))(2)) was prepared from La(2)O(3) and citric acid at pH = 2.2-2.5 under hydrothermal conditions at 120 degrees C. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG-DTA, and X-ray crystallography. It is thermally stable up to 158 degrees C and insoluble in common solvents. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 16.765(3) A, b = 8.822(2) A, c = 14.048(3) A, beta = 120.64(3) degrees , and Z = 8. The structure consists of chains of La(III) cations bridged by O--C--O groups with pendant Hcit anions forming a pillar structure. The Hcit ligand is involved in six La--O bonds to five different La centers in a very compact 3D structure.
Induction of apoptosis in MCF-7:WS8 breast cancer cells by beta-lapachone. (1998)

Beta-lapachone (beta-lap) affects a number of enzymes in vitro, including type I topoisomerase (Topo I); however, its exact intracellular target(s) and mechanism of cell killing remain unknown. We compared the cytotoxic responses of MCF-7:WS8 (MCF-7) human breast cancer cells after 4-h pulses of beta-lap or camptothecin (CPT), a known Topo I poison. A direct correlation between loss of survival and apoptosis was seen after beta-lap treatment (LD50 = 2.5 microM). A concentration-dependent, transient sub-2 N preapoptotic cell population was observed at 4-8 h. Estrogen deprivation-induced synchronization and bromodeoxyuridine-labeling studies revealed an apoptotic exit point near the G1-S border. Apoptosis activated by beta-lap was closely correlated with cleavage of lamin B but not with increases in p53/p21 or decreases in bcl-2. Loss of hyperphosphorylated forms of the retinoblastoma protein was observed within 5 h, but cyclins A, B1, and E levels were unaltered for up to 72 h after 5 microM beta-lap. Topo I and Topo IIalpha levels decreased at > 24 h. Logarithmic-phase MCF-7 cells were not affected by < or = 1 microM beta-lap. In contrast, dramatic and irreversible G2-M arrest with no apoptosis was observed in MCF-7 cells treated with 1 microM CPT, monitored for 6-10 days posttreatment. MCF-7 cells treated with supralethal doses of CPT (5 microM) resulted in only approximately 20% apoptosis. No correlation between apoptosis and loss of survival was observed. MCF-7 cells exposed to > 5 microM CPT arrested at key cell cycle checkpoints (i.e., G1, S, and G2-M), with little or no movement for 6 days. Ten-fold increases in p53/p21 and 2-5-fold decreases in bcl-2, Topo I, Topo IIalpha, and cyclins A and B1, with no change in cyclin E, were observed. Temporal decreases in bcl-2 and cleavage of lamin B corresponded to the minimal apoptotic response observed. Beta-lap activated apoptosis without inducing p53/p21 or cell cycle arrest responses and killed MCF-7 cells solely by apoptosis. In contrast, concentration-dependent increases in nuclear p53/p21 and various cell cycle checkpoint arrests were seen in MCF-7 cells after CPT. Despite dramatic p53/p21 protein induction responses, CPT-treated MCF-7 cells showed low levels of apoptosis, possibly due to protective cell cycle checkpoints or the lack of specific CPT-activated apoptotic pathways in MCF-7 cells.
WEINBERG (1993)

Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, MD A3–03, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
The production capacity of job shops with limited storage space (1976)

Abstract Suppose the number of jobs which can be stored in front of the machines in a job shop is limited. As a result, arriving jobs for which there is no space in the shop will form a shop queue. The production capacity or maximum departure rate of jobs from the shop will depend on the way in which jobs are selected from the shop queue for release to the machine queues. For a job shop with two identical machines and random routing of jobs a number of release rules are compared. It is shown that the production capacity is increased when the number of jobs in the shop is kept less than the available storage space. Among release rules independent'of job processing times and number of operations the optimum release rule is shown, using dynamic programming, to be the idle machine rule, i.e. only release a job to the shop when a machine would otherwise be idle.
Packet Scheduling for Link-Sharing and Quality of Service Support in Wireless Local Area Networks (2001)

The growing deployment of wireless local area networks (WLANs) in corporate environments, the increasing number of wireless Internet service providers and demand for quality of service support create a need for controlled sharing of wireless bandwidth. In this technical report a method for using long-term channel-state information in order to control the sharing of wireless bandwidth is studied. The algorithm enables an opera-tor of a WLAN to equalize the revenue/cost for each customer in the network and to control the link-sharing based on a combination of user-centric and operator-centric fact-tors. As an example, we adapt one of the well-know wireline schedulers for hierarchical link-sharing, the Hierarchical Fair Service Curve Algorithm (H-FSC), for the wireless environment and demonstrate through simulations that the modiﬁed algorithm is able to improve the controlled sharing of the wireless link without requiring modiﬁcations to the MAC layer. In addition, we present the design and implementation for a Linux based prototype. Measurements in a wireless testbed conﬁrm that the scheduling scheme can perform resource-based link-sharing on currently available hardware conforming to the IEEE 802.11 standard.
Hybrid laser-arc processing (2006)

The concept of adding cheap power to enhance the high quality power from a laser seems a sensible approach to developing useful industrial processes that require cheap high quality power. The “cheap” power could be reactive gases, flames, plasmas, arcs or induction. Ever since oxygen assisted cutting was invented in 1967 [1] various attempts at this mixed power processing have been developed or suggested. Due to the need for greater process throughput with lower manufacturing precision there has of late been a marked revival of interest in hybrid laser arc processes. This work is summarised in this paper, which also establishes through an analysis of the interaction of the laser beam with the arc plasma that the combined energy on the work piece can be more than simply adding two or more power sources together, but can be a form of laser augmentation. The combined process can in some cases enhance the high quality laser process or make it more acceptable than the laser alone.
Starch–chitosan hydrogels prepared by reductive alkylation cross-linking (2004)

Starch-chitosan hydrogels were produced by oxidation of soluble starch to produce polyaldehyde and subsequently cross-linked with chitosan via reductive alkylation. The swelling ratio of starch-chitosan membranes was increased gradually with increasing starch ratio, but it was always lower than the native chitosan. In dry state, starch-chitosan membranes with low starch ratio (0.16, 0.38) showed similar tensile strength values to those of native chitosan while these values decreased with increasing starch ratios (0.73-1.36). Membranes in physiological buffer solution (PBS) gave a tensile modulus between 2.8 and 1.0 MPa, decreasing with increasing starch ratio (0.16-1.36 (Wstarch/Wchitosan)). When the membranes were incubated in PBS only, a moderate weight loss was observed for the first two weeks. Original weights of low starch weight ratio membranes (0-0.38) were at near 85%, while high ratio samples (0.73-1.55) were kept around 70% after three months. However, for the membranes incubated in alpha-amylase solution, very fast weight loss was observed. For low starch ratio membranes (0.16, 0.38, 0.73), the residual original weights were measured to be 11%, 6%, 20%, while for high ratio membranes (1.04 and 1.36) these were 45% and 30%, respectively, after two months of enzyme incubation. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of alpha-amylase degraded membranes exhibited rough surface morphology.
Effects of Multidrug Resistance (<i>MDR1</i>) P-Glycoprotein Expression Levels and Coordination Metal on the Cytotoxic Potency of Multidentate (N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) (Ethylenediamine)bis[propyl(R-benzylimino)]metal(III) Cations (1996)

Enhanced mitochondrial transmembrane potentials in tumor cells have been proposed to confer tumor-selective-targeting properties to modestly lipophilic monocationic compounds. To explore the potential cytotoxic activity of lipophilic cationic metallopharmaceuticals containing a highly flexible hexadentate N4O2 Schiff-base phenolic ligand, we first synthesized precursors H3Mabi (1) and H3DMabi (2) by condensation of an appropriate linear tetraamine with substituted salicylaldehydes. The desired N4O2 ligands, (ethylenediamine)-N,N'-bis[propyl[(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)imino]] and (ethylenediamine)-N,N'-bis[propyl[2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxybenzyl)-imino]] (R-ENBPI), were obtained by cleavage of the imidazolidine ring, and their corresponding monocationic complexes were produced by reaction with appropriate hydrated salts or acetylacetonates of Al(III), Fe(III), Ga(III), and In(III). All complexes were stable to neutral hydrolysis. In human epidermal carcinoma KB-3-1 cells, cytotoxic potencies of racemic mixtures of these complexes were in the low micromolar range and, for a given ligand, depended on the identity of the coordinating central metal. The active 4,6-dimethoxy-ENBPI complexes were more potent than their 3-methoxy analogs, while the free ligands and metal(III) ions showed little or no cytotoxic activity. Furthermore, in colchicine-selected KB-8-5 multidrug resistant (MDR) cells, modest cellular expression of human MDR1 P-glycoprotein conferred protection from the cytotoxic activities of Al(III), Fe(III), and Ga(III) R-ENBPI complexes indicating that these complexes were recognized as transport substrates by the P-glycoprotein efflux transporter. However, the cytotoxic activities of the corresponding In(III) complexes, while among the lowest in potencies, were also not altered by expression of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Thus, for the Group III elements, human cells were capable of distinguishing R-ENBPI complexes formed of the same ligands with different metals. Furthermore, selected R-ENBPI metal(III) complexes may be useful as novel anticancer metallopharmaceuticals.
Investigation of Isomeric Transformations of Chlorogenic Acid in Buffers and Biological Matrixes by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole/Ion Mobility/Orthogonal Acceleration Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2011)

Ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole/ion mobility/orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight (oa-TOF) mass spectrometry (UPLC-IM-MS) was used to study the isomeric transformations of trans-5-caffeoylquinic acid, an extremely active compound present in multiple vegetables, fruits, and beverages. The UPLC/oa-TOF MS results proved that in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), plasma, or urine sample, trans-5-caffeoylquinic acid first isomerizes to trans-4-caffeoylquinic acid and then to trans-3-caffeoylquinic acid by intramolecular acyl migration. When exposed to UV light, trans-3-, -4-, and -5-caffeoylquinic acids undergo cis/trans isomerization to form cis isomers. The isomerization was solely dependent on the pH of the matrix, as well as the incubation temperature, and was independent of metabolic enzymes. UPLC-IM-MS results revealed that a reversible cis/trans isomerization of caffeoylquinic acids could also be induced by the electric field in an electrospray source. Thus, understanding the possible role of electric field-induced isomerization of caffeoylquinic acids may help lessen the confusion between gas phase phenomena and liquid state chemistry when applying IM-MS analysis. The comprehensive understanding of caffeoylquinic acid isomerization transformations is crucial for the appropriate handling of samples and interpretation of experimental data.
Na<sup>+</sup>-Dependent Chloride Transporter (NKCC1)-Null Mice Exhibit Less Gray and White Matter Damage after Focal Cerebral Ischemia (2005)

We previously demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of Na(+)-K(+)-Cl- cotransporter isoform 1 (NKCC1) is neuroprotective in in vivo and in vitro ischemic models. In this study, we investigated whether genetic ablation of NKCC1 provides neuroprotection after ischemia. Focal ischemia was induced by 2 hours occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCAO) followed by 10 or 24 hours reperfusion. Two hours MCAO and ten or twenty-four hours reperfusion caused infarction (approximately 85 mm3) in NKCC1 wild-type (NKCC1(+/+)) mice. Infarction volume in NKCC1(-/-) mice was reduced by approximately 30% to 46%. Heterozygous mutant (NKCC1(+/-)) mice showed approximately 28% reduction in infarction (P>0.05). Two hours MCAO and twenty-four hours reperfusion led to a significant increase in brain edema in NKCC1(+/+) mice. In contrast, NKCC1(+/-) and NKCC1(-/-) mice exhibited approximately 50% less edema (P<0.05). Moreover, white matter damage was assessed by immunostaining of amyloid precursor protein (APP). An increase in APP was detected in NKCC1(+/+) mice after 2 hours MCAO and 10 hours reperfusion. However, NKCC1(-/-) mice exhibited significantly less APP accumulation (P<0.05). Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) induced approximately 67% cell death and a fourfold increase in Na+ accumulation in cultured NKCC1(+/+) cortical neurons. OGD-mediated cell death and Na+ influx were significantly reduced in NKCC1(-/-) neurons (P<0.05). In addition, inhibition of NKCC1 by bumetanide resulted in similar protection in NKCC1(+/+) neurons and astrocytes (P<0.05). These results imply that stimulation of NKCC1 activity is important in ischemic neuronal damage.
Advanced control design for voltage scaling converters (2008)

In low-power electronics, achieving a high energy efficiency has great relevance. Nowadays, Global Asynchronous Local Synchronous Systems enables to use a Local Dynamic Voltage Scaling architecture, this technique allows achieve a high energy efficiency. Moreover, Local Dynamic Voltage Scaling can be implemented using different approaches. One of them is Vdd-Hopping technique. In this paper, different controllers are designed for a Vdd-Hopping system implemented in a novel discrete converter in order to search for control strategies that present better performance in terms of dissipated energy reduction. It is shown here that some of the provided control strategies not only reduce the dissipated energy, but also improves the current transients are improved.
Flexible & planar implantable resonant coils for wireless power transfer using Inkjet masking technique (2016)

In this paper, we present the design, fabrication and characterization of implantable coils, operating at 13.56 MHz ISM band for biomedical applications. Rogers RO 4003C substrate was used for the prototype of the implantable coil while Rogers RO 3850 flexible substrate was used for the external transmitter coil. The Inkjet masking technique was used for the patterning the planar coil on the flexible substrate. Wireless power transfer efficiency measurements were conducted in free space and water environments, varying the operating distance between the prototype coils from 5mm to 20mm, featuring transfer efficiencies upto 55% and 35%, respectively.
Modeling User Behaviour By Planning (2008)

A model of user behaviour based automated planning is introduced in this work. The behaviour of users of web interactive systems can be described in term of a planning domain encapsulating the timed actions patterns representing the intended user profile. The user behaviour recognition is then posed as a planning problem where the goal is to parse a given sequence of user logs of the observed activities while reaching a final state. A general technique for transforming a timed finite state automata description of the behaviour into a numerical parameter planning model is introduced. Experimental results show that the performance of a planning based behaviour model is effective and scalable for real world applications. A major advantage of the planning based approach is to represent in a single automated reasoning framework problems of plan recognitions, plan synthesis and plan optimisation.
Drug product characteristics that foster drug-use-system errors (1995)

Journal Article Drug product characteristics that foster drug-use-system errors Get access Michael R. Cohen, M.S., FASHP Michael R. Cohen, M.S., FASHP President Institute for Safe Medication Practices, Warminster, PA 18974 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Volume 52, Issue 4, 15 February 1995, Pages 395–399, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/52.4.395 Published: 15 February 1995