gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organic Compounds of Polyvalent Iodine. (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTOrganic Compounds of Polyvalent Iodine.Rueben B. SandinCite this: Chem. Rev. 1943, 32, 3, 249–276Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60103a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60103a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views637Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Heterogeneous Fatty Acylation of Src Family Kinases with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Regulates Raft Localization and Signal Transduction (2001)

Fatty acylation of Src family kinases is essential for localization of the modified proteins to the plasma membrane and to plasma membrane rafts. It has been suggested that the presence of saturated fatty acyl chains on proteins is conducive for their insertion into liquid ordered lipid domains present in rafts. The ability of unsaturated dietary fatty acids to be attached to Src family kinases has not been investigated. Here we demonstrate that heterogeneous fatty acylation of Src family kinases occurs and that the nature of the attached fatty acid influences raft-mediated signal transduction. By using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we show that in addition to 14:0 (myristate), 14:1 and 14:2 fatty acids can be attached to the N-terminal glycine of the Src family kinase Fyn when the growth media are supplemented with these dietary fatty acids. Moreover, we synthesized novel iodinated analogs of oleate and stearate, and we showed that heterogeneous S-acylation can occur on cysteine residues within Fyn as well as Galpha, GAP43, and Ras. Modification of Fyn with unsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids reduced its raft localization and resulted in decreased T cell signal transduction. These studies establish that heterogeneous fatty acylation is a widespread occurrence that serves to regulate signal transduction by membrane-bound proteins.
Reactions of Stannic alkoxides with Glycols (1966)

A number of di-isopropoxy mono-glycollate and diglycollate derivatives of tin have been described for the first time by the reaction between stannic isopropoxide and various glycols in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios. A few mixed ethylene glycollates have also been isolated. With a view to synthesizing some volatile deriva­tives the reactions of monomeric stannic tertiary butoxide with some of these branched glycols were also investigated. The determination of molecular weights showed them to be polymeric.
Network Reconfiguration for Load Balancing in Radial Distribution Systems Using Genetic Algorithm (2007)

Abstract Network reconfiguration of a distribution system is an operation to alter the topological structure of distribution feeders by changing open /closed status of sectionalizing and tie switches. Network reconfiguration for time varying loads is very complex and extremely non-linear optimization, which can be effectively solved using genetic algorithm (GA). By transferring loads from the heavily loaded feeders to the lightly loaded feeders, network reconfiguration can balance feeder loads and lighten overload conditions of the network. This article presents a novel approach to solve the radial distribution system reconfiguration problem for load balancing using GA. A load flow technique is proposed for solving radial distribution systems using sparsity technique. The proposed method is simple, as it requires only two equations for load balancing. This method is demonstrated through a 69-node test system. The test results reveal that the proposed method yields optimal configuration with reduced computational burden.
ChemInform Abstract: Sapphyrins and Heterosapphyrins. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecules stimulating early red cell, granulocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte precursors in culture: Similarity in size, hydrophobicity, and charge (1982)

Molecules in conditioned medium from stimulated lymphocyte populations or from certain cell lines are known to stimulate cells committed to various hemopoietic lineages as well as pluripotential cells to form colonies in culture. In this study, the relationship between molecules active on pluripotential cells and early cells committed to granulocyte, macrophage, megakaryocyte, or red cell production was explored using techniques of chemical separation. After separation on the basis of charge, or after sequential purification using methods of high resolving power based on hydrophobicity and size, these activities remained associated with one another. The observations provide support for a model which proposes that pluripotential hemopoietic precursor cells as well as their early committed progeny may all be responsive to a single lineage-indifferent factor. Responsiveness to "lineage-specific" factors such as erythropoietin is proposed to be a feature only of later cells after they have made the appropriate receptors as part of their differentiation program.
POGZ Is Required for Silencing Mouse Embryonic β-like Hemoglobin and Human Fetal Hemoglobin Expression (2018)

Fetal globin genes are transcriptionally silenced during embryogenesis through hemoglobin switching. Strategies to derepress fetal globin expression in the adult could alleviate symptoms in sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia. We identified a zinc-finger protein, pogo transposable element with zinc-finger domain (POGZ), expressed in hematopoietic progenitor cells. Targeted deletion of Pogz in adult hematopoietic cells in vivo results in persistence of embryonic β-like globin expression without affecting erythroid development. POGZ binds to the Bcl11a promoter and erythroid-specific intragenic regulatory regions. Pogz<sup>+/-</sup> mice show elevated embryonic β-like globin expression, suggesting that partial reduction of Pogz expression results in persistence of embryonic β-like globin expression. Knockdown of POGZ in primary human CD34<sup>+</sup> progenitor cell-derived erythroblasts reduces BCL11A expression, a known repressor of embryonic β-like globin expression, and increases fetal hemoglobin expression. These findings are significant, since new therapeutic targets and strategies are needed to treat β-globin disorders.
Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of MCH causes obesity in mice (2003)

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a cyclic amino acid neuropeptide localized in the lateral hypothalamus. Although MCH is thought to be an important regulator of feeding behavior, the involvement of this peptide in body weight control has been unclear. To examine the role of MCH in the development of obesity, we assessed the effect of chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of MCH in C57BL/6J mice that were fed with regular or moderately high-fat (MHF) diets. Intracerebroventricular infusion of MCH (10 microg/day for 14 days) caused a slight but significant increase in body weight in mice maintained on the regular diet. In the MHF diet-fed mice, MCH more clearly increased the body weight accompanied by a sustained hyperphagia and significant increase in fat and liver weights. Plasma glucose, insulin, and leptin levels were also increased in the MCH-treated mice fed the MHF diet. These results suggest that chronic stimulation of the brain MCH system causes obesity in mice and imply that MCH may have a major role in energy homeostasis.
Streptococcus pneumoniae: epidemiology and risk factors, evolution of antimicrobial resistance, and impact of vaccines (2010)

Following usage of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease declined in both children and adults (reflecting herd immunity). However, emergence of serotypes not encompassed in the vaccine is worrisome, and may be associated with heightened antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Continued vigilance for emergence of novel serotypes and development of vaccines with expanded coverage and immunogenicity will be critical for optimal prevention of pneumococcal infections.
Lithium Protects Against Cartilage Degradation in Osteoarthritis (2014)

LiCl reduced catabolic events in IL-1β-treated human articular chondrocytes and attenuated the severity of cartilage destruction in IL-1β-treated mouse femoral head explants and in the knee joints of mice with surgically induced OA, acting via inhibition of the activities of the NF-κB, p38, and STAT-3 signaling pathways.
연구논문 : 네트웍 환경에 있어서 전문가시스템 개발에 관한 연구 - 부동산 관련 경매 웹사이트를 중심으로 (2001)

국내 부동산 관련 비즈니스모델 중 경매 관련 사이트를 중심으로 운영전략을 실패 비교 분석하여 그 차이점과 강, 약점을 도출해 내어 그 대안으로 새로운 실증적 모델을 구현하기 위하여 부동산 재테크관련 정보를 중심으로 현재 운영중인 인터넷 사이트 중 선별한 65개의 차이점을 비교 분석하고 상세 분석 대상으로 12개 업체를 선정하여 연구를 진행하였다. 상세 분석 대상사이트는 기초조사를 통해 컨텐츠의 질적인 수준과 데이터베이스의 안정성, 자료 업-데이트의 충실도, 이용상의 편리성에 대한 우선평가가 연구대상으로 선정된 주요배경이다. 사업추진기업에 대한 분석 Category를 선정하고 기존 연구자료 및 관련문서에 대한 문헌고철 사이버 쇼핑몰의 추진 경영자, 실무담당자, 관계자를 대상으로 한 면접조사를 실시하였으며 또한 전자상거래 추진기업의 특성에 따른 연구를 8가지 큰 범주의 항목으로 나누어 점검함으로써 추진기업의 특징을 비교분석하고 시사점을 도출하는데 주력하였다. 국내 기업들의 디지털 비즈니스 위한 인터넷 마케팅 및 전자상거래의 활용 실태는 그 규모와 범위, 내용에 있어 충분히 성숙되지 못한 상황이다. 특히 정확한 자료와 고객의 신뢰가 절대적으로 필요한 부동산 관련 상품의 특성상 전자상거래의 활용이 많이 이루어지지 않고 있다. 그러나 최근 손쉬운 쇼핑몰 구축이나 보안을 보장하는 지불시스템 등 전자상거래에 관련한 새로운 기술의 개발이 가속화 되고 있고, 전자서명이나 관세문제 등과 같은 관계법령이 개정되는 등 전자상거래의 활성화를 위한 환경조성이 빠르게 진행되고 있어 모든 기업이 전자상거래의 활용 및 가치에 대해 매우 긍정적으로 보고 있으며, 빠르게 변화하는 시장환경을 적절히 파악하여 대응하는 것이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 디지털 비즈니스 모델 개발과 관련된 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있는 시점에서 관련기업들을 대상으로 사례연구를 통해 디지털 비즈니스 모델과 정보 디자인에 관하여 다각적 측면을 분석하고 그 문제의 대안으로『인트라넷을 활용한 전문가시스템의 구축』이라는 실제 사례로 구현하여 보다 나은 정보이용을 위한 사용자환경을 구축함으로서 해결안을 제시했다는데 큰 의의가 있다.
Ruthenium‐catalyzed Selective Monoamination of Vicinal Diols (2009)

The monoamination of vicinal diols in the presence of in situ generated ruthenium catalysts has been investigated. Among the various phosphines tested in combination with [Ru(3)(CO)(12)], N-phenyl-2-(dicyclohexyl-phosphanyl)pyrrole showed the best performance. After optimization of the reaction conditions this system was applied to different secondary amines and anilines as well as a number of vicinal diols. With the exception of ethylene glycol, monoamination of the vicinal diols occurred selectively and the corresponding amino alcohols were obtained in good yields, producing water as the only side product.
Built-in generation of weighted test sequences for synchronous sequential circuits (2000)

We describe a method for on-chip generation of weighted test sequences for synchronous sequential circuits. For combinational circuits, three weights, 0, 0.5 and 1, are sufficient to achieve complete coverage of stuck-at faults, since these weights are sufficient to reproduce any specific test pattern. For sequential circuits, the weights we use are defined based on subsequences of a deterministic test sequence. Such weights allow us to reproduce parts of the test sequence, and help ensure that complete fault coverage would be obtained by the weighted test sequences generated.
Lightning mapping observations of downward lightning flashes to wind turbines (2016)

Negative downward leaders that produced lightning strokes to wind turbines are identified by means of the Lightning Mapping Array data of the Ebro Valley Laboratory (NE Spain). Four cases are analyzed together with weather radar imagery. All flashes hitting wind turbines were originated in small convective cells with moderate development. Notwithstanding the moderate convection, all cases occurred under what can be called “out of season conditions”, where the “charging zone” is located closer to the ground and may favour downward leaders to tall structures. Cloud charge structures showed negative region from 3 km to more than 5 km with a low positive charge below (not always detectable).
Efficacy of a New Selective Steroid (GW870086) in Asthma: An Adaptive, Randomised, Controlled Trial (2013)

Objective: To assess the efficacy of inhaled, repeat doses (28 days) of the glucocorticoid agonist GW870086. Methods: This was a randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel group study in subjects with persistent asthma (n=135) who received GW870086 (2, 3, or 4 mg, once-daily) or placebo. Results: Improvements in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were seen following all three doses of GW870086 relative to placebo. Mean improvements (95% confidence interval) of: 0.172 L (0.015, 0.329), 0.105 L (-0.053, 0.263) and 0.159 L (0.001, 0.316) were observed for 2 mg, 3 mg and 4 mg, respectively, at Day 28. Peak expiratory flow rate results were consistent with FEV1 and rescue medication was administered more frequently in the placebo group than all three GW870086 treatment arms. Conclusion: This study provided a positive outcome with all doses of GW870086 demonstrating improvements in lung function compared with placebo.
The Introduction of n-Alkyl Groups into Phenols and Hydroquinones (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Introduction of n-Alkyl Groups into Phenols and HydroquinonesE. C. Armstrong, R. L. Bent, A. Loria, J. R. Thirtle, and A. WeissbergerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 8, 1928–1935Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01493a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01493a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of <i>scyllo</i>‐inositol in proton NMR spectra of human brain <i>in vivo</i> (1993)

Scyllo-inositol has been identified in proton NMR spectra of mammalian brain in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to myo-inositol this isomer comprises six equivalent CH protons that yield a singlet resonance at a chemical shift of 3.35 ppm. 1-D and 2-D J-resolved proton NMR studies (7.0 T) of perchloric acid extracts of brain tissues revealed different amounts of scyllo-inositol in man, sheep, cow and rat. Absolute quantification of localized short-echo time proton NMR spectra (2.0 T) of human brain in vivo resulted in scyllo-inositol concentrations of 0.35 +/- 0.06 mM for white matter (n = 25), 0.43 +/- 0.11 mM for grey matter (n = 23) and 0.57 +/- 0.14 mM for cerebellum (n = 10). Evidence for a tight metabolic link to myo-inositol was supported by a simultaneous variation of myo- and scyllo-inositol in patients with various brain diseases.
Conversion of secologanin into elenolic acid and 18-oxayohimban alkaloids (1976)

Elenolic acid (2c) has been obtained from secologanin (1a) in accord with its proposed derivation by rearrangement of an aglycone, and converted into ajmalicine (8c), 19-epi-ajmalicine (8a), and tetrahydroalstonine (8b).
pH-Dependent Chemoselective Synthesis of α-Amino Acids. Reductive Amination of α-Keto Acids with Ammonia Catalyzed by Acid-Stable Iridium Hydride Complexes in Water (2004)

An acid-stable hydride complex [Cp*IrIII(bpy)H]+ {1, Cp* = eta5-C5Me5, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine} serves as the active catalyst for the highly chemoselective synthesis of alpha-amino acids by reductive amination of alpha-keto acids with aqueous NH3 and HCOO- in water at pH 5-8. pH-dependent catalytic 15N- and 2H-double-labeling has also been accomplished by using 15NH3 and DCOONa, which are ideal amine and hydride ion sources, respectively.
α-Tocopherol, β-Carotene, and Retinol Enrichment of Chicken Eggs (1994)

Due to the numerous health benefits associated with consumption of antioxidants such as alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene, an experiment was conducted to determine dietary levels that would significantly enhance their concentration in chicken egg yolks. In the experiment, 127 Single Comb White Leghorn laying hens were divided into treatment groups (n = 40 per treatment group) and fed diets containing 0, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg beta-carotene, dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, or their combination. Yolk alpha-tocopherol increased (P < .05) from the control level of 144 micrograms/g of yolk to 477 micrograms/g of yolk when 400 mg dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg of diet was supplemented. Yolk retinol levels increased (P < .05) from 11.6 micrograms/g of yolk in controls to 13.9 micrograms/g of yolk at 200 mg beta-carotene/kg of diet. beta-Carotene content in the yolk also increased (P < .05) from .14 micrograms/g of yolk in controls to 5.19 micrograms/g of yolk at 200 mg beta-carotene/kg of diet. Supplemental beta-carotene markedly decreased the yolk deposition of alpha-tocopherol when the two compounds were fed together. Egg production, egg weight, and egg yield were not affected by dietary supplementations. Although the data indicated that it is possible to significantly increase the concentration of all three compounds in chicken eggs, because of the relative expense involved it may not be commercially viable to increase egg yolk concentrations of beta-carotene or retinol by supplementing beta-carotene in the diet.
Mechanical properties of polypropylene filled with calcium carbonate (1985)

Abstract The tensile behavior of polypropylene (PP) filled with calcium carbonate particles has been studied using a tensile test. In particular, the effect of strain rate, filler content, and filler size upon the elastic modulus, yield stress, and strain of surface‐modified and unmodified particles‐filled PP were investigated. The results indicated that the elastic modulus and yield stress of an unmodified system were increased with an increase of strain rate and filler content, and with a decrease of filler size. The yield strain was decreased with an increase of filler content, and with a decrease of filler size, but did not depend on the strain rate. Although the dependence of elastic modulus on the filler size was maintained even by the surface‐modified fillers, that dependence on the strain rate and filler content was decreased by such fillers. This may be because the modifier is present at the interface of filler and polymer matrix.
Positional Stability of Damaged Chromatin Domains along Radiation Tracks in Mammalian Cells (2009)

Irradiation of cell nuclei with charged particles leads to the spatially defined production of DNA damage along the particle trajectories, thus facilitating studies on the dynamics of radiation-induced protein foci associated with lesion processing. Here we used visual inspection and computational analysis of the track morphology after immunodetection to describe the patterns of formation of gamma-H2AX foci and the repair-related proteins 53BP1 and RPA. We addressed the influence of lesion density on gamma-H2AX formation and the mobility of damaged chromatin sites by using low-angle irradiation of cell monolayers with low-energy carbon or uranium ions. We show the discrete formation of gamma-H2AX foci and the recruitment of repair-related proteins along ion trajectories over an LET range from 200 to 14300 keV/microm in human fibroblasts and in HeLa cells. The marked DSBs exhibited a limited mobility that was independent of the LET. The moderate extent of mobility in human fibroblasts pointed to a relatively stable positioning of the damaged chromatin domains during repair, in contrast to HeLa cells, which showed significant changes in the streak patterns in a fraction of cells, suggesting greater mobility in the local processing of DSBs. Our data indicate that the presence of single or multiple DSBs is not associated with an altered potential for movement of damaged chromatin. We infer that the repair of high-LET radiation-induced DSBs in mammalian cells is not coupled to an increased motional activity of lesions enhancing the probability of translocations.
Electroreflectance in a Nonuniform Field in the Small-Wave-Number Approximation and Its Measurement by Ellipsometry (1972)

The changes in the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant of a solid induced by an electric field which decreases exponentially with distance from the surface are calculated from perturbation theory for photon energies near interband transitions. This exponential model for the field is of interest because it approximates well the actual field over a fairly wide range of surface conditions and because it contains only two adjustable parameters, the surface field and the rate of decay of the exponential. The contribution from each of these parameters can be separated and identified in the results. Previous calculations of electro-reflectance in a nonuniform field have employed the one-electron Franz-Keldysh theory for a uniform field, assuming the field to vary slowly enough with distance from the surface so that a WKB approximation could be used to extract spatially averaged values of the change in dielectric constant. Our calculation is not limited by the WKB approximation, and is applicable even at very large field nonuniformities. However, when the field penetration depth is less than about three times the photon penetration depth, effective masses must be known in order to complete our calculation, but it is still valid. The theory, used to interpret a modulated-ellipsometry experiment on Ge in the 2.1-eV region, shows that illumination of the sample surface by a second light beam can decrease the field penetration depth by at least a factor of 20, and increase the surface field by at least a factor of 10, because of increased free-carrier screening.