gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermal synthesis and automotive exhaust catalytic performance of CeO2 nanotube arrays (2011)

Ceria (CeO2) nanotube arrays with precisely defined size and density were directly synthesized on glass and cordierite substrates using a ZnO nanorods-assisted hydrothermal method. Eliminating the procedures of template removal and film coating, the one-step synthesis approach could greatly broaden the applications for materials with tubular structures. The proper concentration of cerium nitrate precursor solution acts a vital role to adjust the instantaneous precipitation of CeO2 and dissolution of ZnO templates. The as-prepared CeO2 tube arrays were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, which reveal a regular tubular structure with the average diameter of 500 nm and length of 3 μm. The automotive exhaust catalytic performance of CeO2 tube arrays prepared on the cordierite was evaluated. Compared with the ceria nanoparticles film, the target CeO2 tubes exhibit improved catalytic activities at a low start-up temperature for oxycarbide and hydrocarbon. Furthermore, the palladium-decorated CeO2 tubes exhibit a higher catalytic activity for the degradation of oxynitride than that of palladium/ceria particles/cordierite.
Bits, symbols, bauds, and bandwidth (1998)

The use of clear, concise, and unambiguous language in telecommunications engineering is vital to communicate a desired meaning and understanding. Terminology should be based on rigorous engineering principles and traceable to well known and dependable sources. This article deals with four everyday terms commonly encountered in the popular semi-technical press as well as in serious engineering periodicals. The misuse of these and other terms can lead to low-balled cost proposals, court litigation, and patent infringement cases. Imagine how an engineering student can be confused when she/he typically encounters bandwidth measured in bits per second.
Liquid-crystalline polymer holograms for high-density optical storage and photomechanical analysis (2012)

We report linear and crosslinked azobenzene containing liquid-crystalline polymers which can be applied to high-density optical storage and photomechanical analysis. We introduced a molecular design concept of multicomponent systems composed of photoresponse, refactive-index change amplification, and transparency units. Taking advantage of characteristics of liquid crystals (optical anisotropy and cooperative motion), polarization holograms were recorded, which enabled us higher-density holographic storage. On the other hand, crosslinked liquid-crystalline azobenzene polymer films were fabricated to investigate the photomechanical behavior. We have found that a large change in Young’s modulus is induced by several mol%-cis form production. Furthermore, a unique bending behavior, which cannot be explained by the conventional bending mechanism, was observed in the crosslinked liquid-crystalline polymer films with azobenzene in the side chain.
Novel SHP-1 Inhibitors Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitor-1 and Analogs with Preclinical Anti-Tumor Activities as Tolerated Oral Agents (2010)

Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) has been implicated as a potential cancer therapeutic target by its negative regulation of immune cell activation and the activity of the SHP-1 inhibitor sodium stibogluconate that induced IFN-gamma(+) cells for anti-tumor action. To develop more potent SHP-1-targeted anti-cancer agents, inhibitory leads were identified from a library of 34,000 drug-like compounds. Among the leads and active at low nM for recombinant SHP-1, tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor-1 (TPI-1) selectively increased SHP-1 phospho-substrates (pLck-pY394, pZap70, and pSlp76) in Jurkat T cells but had little effects on pERK1/2 or pLck-pY505 regulated by phosphatases SHP-2 or CD45, respectively. TPI-1 induced mouse splenic-IFN-gamma(+) cells in vitro, approximately 58-fold more effective than sodium stibogluconate, and increased mouse splenic-pLck-pY394 and -IFN-gamma(+) cells in vivo. TPI-1 also induced IFN-gamma(+) cells in human peripheral blood in vitro. Significantly, TPI-1 inhibited ( approximately 83%, p < 0.002) the growth of B16 melanoma tumors in mice at a tolerated oral dose in a T cell-dependent manner but had little effects on B16 cell growth in culture. TPI-1 also inhibited B16 tumor growth and prolonged tumor mice survival as a tolerated s.c. agent. TPI-1 analogs were identified with improved activities in IFN-gamma(+) cell induction and in anti-tumor actions. In particular, analog TPI-1a4 as a tolerated oral agent completely inhibited the growth of K1735 melanoma tumors and was more effective than the parental lead against MC-26 colon cancer tumors in mice. These results designate TPI-1 and the analogs as novel SHP-1 inhibitors with anti-tumor activity likely via an immune mechanism, supporting SHP-1 as a novel target for cancer treatment.
Polymerization of 1-(1-Naphthyl)-1-propyne by Nb and Ta Catalysts and Polymer Properties: Effects of the 1-Naphthyl Group (1995)

Abstract 1-(1-Naphthyl)-1-propyne polymerized in the presence of NbCl5–cocatalyst systems to give virtually selectively a new polymer ca. 3 × 105) in high yields. Catalysts based on TaCl5 produced mixtures of the polymer and cyclotrimers. The polymer was a pale-yellow solid soluble in various organic solvents (e.g., toluene, CHCl3), and formed a free-standing film on solution casting. The onset temperature of the weight loss of the polymer in air was ca. 340 °C, which is higher than that (280 °C) of poly(1-phenyl-1-propyne) [poly(1-PP)]. The oxygen permeability coefficient at 25 °C was 80 barrers and one order of magnitude higher than that of poly(1-PP). These results are explicable in terms of the steric effects of the 1-naphthyl group.
Novel BOX repeat PCR assay for high-resolution typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains (1996)

Typing data obtained by specifically targeting a single, high-stringency PCR at the pneumococcal BOX repeat element for 28 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae completely corroborated the resolutions attained by five genotypic procedures as described by Hermans et al. (P.W.M. Hermans, M. Sluijter, T. Hoogenboezem, H. Heersma, A. van Belkum, and R. de Groot, J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:1606-1612, 1995). All pairs of strains, except one, derived from both the cerebrospinal fluid and blood of the same individual were shown to be identical. Moreover, other, epidemiologically unrelated isolates were demonstrated to be unique. Considering the combined data from the five typing techniques applied previously as the "gold standard," the single BOX PCR test demonstrated excellent resolving powers while maintaining epidemiological linkage.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED IMAGE ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR MONITORING GENE EXPRESSION AND TISSUE GROWTH (2005)

Automated systems can be used to facilitate continual collection of biological information from a large numberof samples over long periods of time. The proper combination of automated systems with fluorescent reporter genes offersthe potential for non-destructive analysis of gene expression over time. One of the fluorescent genes more commonly usedin many different areas of biology is the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from jellyfish. The expression of this reportergene can be detected in the tissues of any transgenic organism by using a microscope equipped with special illumination andemission filters. The main aim of this work was to develop a computer-controlled automated system to monitor GFP geneexpression over time. The automated system consists of a two-dimensional belt-driven positioning table, a custom-designedsample holder, and a charged-coupled device (CCD) camera mounted on a stereomicroscope equipped for GFP fluorescencedetection. To precisely control the system, software with custom applications was generated. The automated system was usedto monitor the response of GFP-expressing Agrobacterium to plant tissues in vitro. Gene expression and bacterial growthwere successfully monitored and quantified using image analysis. Our results showed that bacterial colonies growing in thepresence of plant tissue had faster growth than those growing in the absence of plant tissues.
Selective arterial embolization of symptomatic and asymptomatic renal angiomyolipomas: a retrospective study of safety, outcomes and tumor size reduction (2017)

SAE is a safe and effective technique to manage renal AMLs as a preventive treatment as well as in emergency setting, with significant reduction in tumor size during follow-up. A multidisciplinary approach remains fundamental, especially for TSC patients. In addition to size, the presence of intralesional aneurysms should be considered in any prophylactic treatment decision.
Recent advances in the study of biocorrosion: an overview (1999)

Biocorrosion processes at metal surfaces are associated with microorganisms, or the products of their metabolic activities including enzymes, exopolymers, organic and inorganic acids, as well as volatile compounds such as ammonia or hydrogen sulfide. These can affect cathodic and/or anodic reactions, thus altering electrochemistry at the biofilm/metal interface. Various mechanisms of biocorrosion, reflecting the variety of physiological activities carried out by different types of microorganisms, are identified and recent insights into these mechanisms reviewed. Many modern investigations have centered on the microbially-influenced corrosion of ferrous and copper alloys and particular microorganisms of interest have been the sulfate-reducing bacteria and metal (especially manganese)-depositing bacteria. The importance of microbial consortia and the role of extracellular polymeric substances in biocorrosion are emphasized. The contribution to the study of biocorrosion of modern analytical techniques, such as atomic force microscopy, Auger electron, X-ray photoelectron and Mössbauer spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and microsensors, is discussed.
A range-based SLA and edge driven virtual core provisioning in DiffServ-VPNs (2002)

We previously proposed a range-based service level agreement (SLA) approach and edge provisioning in DiffServ capable virtual private networks (VPNs) to customers that are unable or unwilling to predict the load between VPN endpoints exactly. With range-based SLAs customers specify their requirements as a range of quantitative values rather than a single one. Various suitable policies and algorithms dynamically provision and allocate resources at the edges for VPN connections. However, we also need to provision the interior nodes of a transit network to meet the assurances offered at the boundaries of the network. Although a deterministic guaranteed service (single quantitative value approach) provides the highest level of QoS guarantees, it leaves a significant portion of network resources on the average unused. We show that with range-based SLAs providers have the flexibility to allocate bandwidth that falls between a lower and upper bound of the range only, and therefore, take advantage of this to make multiplexing gain in the core that is usually not possible with a deterministic approach. But dynamic and frequent configurations of an interior device is not desired as this will lead to scalability problems and also defeats the purpose of the DiffServ architecture which suggests to drive all the complexities towards edges. We, therefore, propose virtual core provisioning that only requires a capacity inventory of interior devices to be updated based on VPN connection acceptance, termination or modification at the edges.
Leucine and glucose kinetics during growth hormone treatment in intrauterine growth-retarded preterm infants (1996)

The present study was performed with the objective to investigate the possible effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) supplementation on protein and glucose metabolism during the early postnatal period in seven intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) preterm infants. Eight infants were studied as controls. The metabolic rate was measured by indirect calorimetry, and whole body protein and glucose kinetics were measured using constant-rate infusions of [1-13C] leucine and [U-13C]glucose during continuous adequate oral feeding. Energy expenditure was similar in both groups. In the rhGH-treated group of infants, leucine turnover (470 +/- 76 vs. 409 +/- micromol/ kg/day), leucine used for protein synthesis (402 +/- 72 vs. 337 +/- 36 micromol /kg/day), and leucine derived from protein breakdown (365 +/- 71 vs. 304 +/- 41 micromol/kg/day) were increased. However, net leucine balance was not increased (37 +/- 17 vs. 34 +/- 13 micromol/kg/day). The total rate of appearance of glucose was 10.1 +/- 1.2 vs. 10.0 +/- 1.3 mg/kg/min. We suggest that immediate postnatal treatment with rhGH is not effective in stimulating protein gain and has no effect on glucose kinetics in IUGR preterm infants.
Multi-stereo 3D object reconstruction (2003)

We present a method for the reconstruction of a 3D real object from a sequence of high-definition images. We combine two different procedures: a shape from silhouette technique which provides a coarse 3D initial model followed by a multi-stereo carving technique. We propose a fast but accurate method for the estimation of the carving depth at each vertex of the 3D mesh. The quality of the final textured 3D reconstruction models allows us to validate the method.
Characteristics of a Spermatogonia and Preleptotene Spermatocytes in the Vitamin A-Deficient Rat Testis1 (1995)

The proliferative activity and other characteristics of germ cells in the vitamin A-deficient (VAD) rat testis were investigated. In the VAD testis, A spermatogonia and preleptotene spermatocytes were found. The A spermatogonia in the VAD testis showed a bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index of 6.6 +/- 1.1% and a mitotic index of 2.8 +/- 0.5%. After continuous labeling with BrdU for up to four days, the ultimate labeling index of A spermatogonia was 11.6 +/- 2.5%, which is less than expected. It is concluded that in the VAD rat testis, many of the proliferating A spermatogonia degenerate. During the first 18 h after administration of vitamin A, no increase was observed in either the labeling index or the mitotic index of the A spermatogonia. However, after 24 h the first wave of A spermatogonia in S phase was found, and the first wave in mitosis was found after 48 h. Furthermore, in the VAD testis the DNA content of most of the A spermatogonia was similar to that of Sertoli cells, i.e., 2n. It is concluded that in the VAD situation, nearly all A spermatogonia are arrested before the S phase of the A1 spermatogonia. The hypothesis is put forward that in the VAD testis, the remaining A spermatogonia are the undifferentiated spermatogonia that are unable to differentiate into A1 spermatogonia. The preleptotene spermatocytes in the VAD testis showed a BrdU labeling index of 20.3 +/- 3.5%, while the DNA content of most of these cells was between 3n and 4n.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vascular complications following intra-aortic balloon pump insertion. (1992)

The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been used for 23 years to treat cardiogenic shock from various causes. A retrospective review was conducted to evaluate the morbidity, mortality, and risk factors associated with insertion of this device. Over a recent 3-year period, 415 such pumps were inserted either by percutaneous (323) or cut-down (92) technique in 404 patients. Indications for placement included intraoperative pump failure (46%), cardiac instability before coronary artery bypass grafting (28%), perioperative support (13%), cardiac transplantation (7%), and cardiogenic shock (6%). Noncardiac vascular complications occurred in 67 patients, 55 per cent of whom required surgical correction. Operative procedures included femoral artery thrombectomy, bypass grafting, fasciotomy, and amputation. Major risk factors for vascular complications included diminished or absent femoral pulses on initial examination, being a woman, and obesity. In patients with known peripheral vascular disease, the risk of a vascular complication was 17.9 per cent when a surgical cut-down technique was used to insert the IABP, and 38.9 per cent when a percutaneous insertion was performed. The mortality doubled in those patients who had a vascular complication as compared to those who did not (34% vs 17%). A more liberal use of an open surgical technique in those patients with peripheral vascular disease, obesity, and who are women may help to reduce complications after the insertion of the intra-aortic balloon pump.
Transcriptional Regulatory Networks in Embryonic Stem Cells (2008)

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are characterized by their ability to self-renew and remain pluripotent. Transcription factors have critical roles in the maintenance of ES cells through specifying an ES-cell-specific gene expression program. Deciphering the transcriptional regulatory network that describes the specific interactions of these transcription factors with the genomic template is crucial for understanding the design and key components of this network. Recent advances in genomic technologies have facilitated genome-wide disclosure of the repertoire of transcription-factor-binding sites. Transcription factor colocalization hot spots targeted by multiple transcription factors have been identified. These are sites that integrate the external signaling pathways to the transcriptional regulatory circuitry governed by Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog. In addition, these sites may serve as focal points for the assembly of nucleoprotein complexes known as enhanceosomes. Studying the properties of ES-cell-specific enhanceosomes in different pluripotent cells will shed light on the composition and regulation of their activity. Knowledge of the transcriptional regulatory networks in different pluripotent cells will also help to distinguish the core and peripheral parts of the networks. Collectively, these studies will facilitate the understanding of molecular mechanisms behind transcription-factor-mediated regulation of pluripotent stem cells.
A Delay-aware Clustering Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (2005)

The proliferation of small wireless devices today has made the development of scalable ad hoc wireless protocols critical to their success. This paper presents design and evaluation of a distributed, delay-aware clustering protocol, which forms clusters based on node’s average media access delay. We also develop intra/inter-cluster routing to utilize the cluster structure, in which cluster heads do not perform any special functionality in data forwarding for its members but take responsibility in control and routing information dissemination. The simulation result shows our protocol outperforms AODV in terms of routing control overhead and network throughput.
Changes of the <i>Trans</i>‐Activating Potential of AP‐1 Transcription Factor During Cyclosporin A‐Induced Apoptosis of Glioma and Cells Are Mediated by Phosphorylation and Alterations of AP‐1 Composition (2000)

Although the AP-1 transcription factor is known to play a role in cell proliferation and activation, it is also involved in apoptosis of cells in response to stress, DNA-damaging agents, or lack of survival signals. To understand how AP-1 might contribute to distinct biological processes, we tested a hypothesis that changes in AP-1 composition or phosphorylation state modulate its transcriptional activity during cyclosporin A-induced apoptosis of glioma cells. The induction of AP-1 DNA binding activity composed of c-Jun, JunB, JunD, and ATF-2 proteins preceded apoptosis. The compositional changes of AP-1 were associated with an elevation of c-Jun and JunB protein levels and the appearance of phosphorylated c-Jun and ATF-2 at 15-40 h posttreatment. Immunocytochemistry and staining with Hoechst 33258 revealed an accumulation of phosphorylated c-Jun protein in apoptotic cells. Because c-Jun expression and transcriptional activity are stimulated by phosphorylation at Ser63/73 by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), we measured JNK activities. We found prolonged induction of JNK activity in extracts from cyclosporin-treated cells, which suggests an involvement of persistent JNK activation in the initiation of glioma cell apoptosis. We provided evidence that variations in AP-1 composition and phosphorylation resulted in modification of trans-activating potential toward different promoters. Whereas collagenase AP-1/TRE-dependent transcription was down-regulated during apoptosis, Fas ligand promoter became activated.
Multimodal pressure-flow method to assess dynamics of cerebral autoregulation in stroke and hypertension (2004)

In the stroke and hypertensive groups, the resulting BP-BFV phase shift was significantly smaller compared to the normotensive group. A standard autoregulation index did not differentiate the groups. The MMPF method enables evaluation of autoregulatory dynamics based on instantaneous BP-BFV phase analysis. Regulation of BP-BFV dynamics is altered with hypertension and after stroke, rendering blood flow dependent on blood pressure.
Marihuana Bronchitis (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Recently I saw a patient who had been smoking five to six marihuana cigarettes per day for the past few years. The patient had a marked bronchitis, the symptoms of which were of recent origin. This raised the question whether there might be some association between the bronchitis and the smoking of marihuana. Much has been written and said about the systemic and carcinogenic effects of smoking tobacco because of the tars and resins in cigarette smoke. Concerted efforts are being made to ban cigarettes because of it. Yet, marihuana smoke is composed of many undifferentiated tars and resins, partly because of the adulterants that are added, or crudeness of preparation. I have never heard or read anything about the probable effects upon the bronchial tree or of any possible carcinogenic effects of smoking "pot." This possibility has been lost in the arguments about the behavorial and
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Gas Adsorption and Separation in Metal—Organic Frameworks (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Online Fault and Anomaly Detection for Large-Scale Scientific Workflows (2011)

Scientific workflows are an enabler of complex scientific analyses. Large-scale scientific workflows are executed on complex parallel and distributed resources, where many things can fail. Application scientists need to track the status of their workflows in real time, detect execution anomalies automatically, and perform troubleshooting -- without logging into remote nodes or searching through thousands of log files. As part of the NSF-funded Synthesized Tools for Archiving Monitoring Performance and Enhanced DEbugging (STAMPEDE) project, we have developed an infrastructure to answer these needs by integrating detailed workflow and resource monitoring. On top of this infrastructure, we have developed analysis techniques for online detection of a wide variety of "hard" and "soft" types of failures. We use these detected failures to derive higher-level statistics about the status of the resources and the workflow as a whole. In this paper, we describe our techniques and evaluate their effectiveness in the context of real application logs.