gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Key technology for high density rewritable DVD (DVD-RAM) (1998)

DVD-RAM requires a large storage capacity to write and read huge amounts of data such as MPEG2 and AV as well as computer data for full-scale multi-media applications. Its format is focused on unifying AV and computer files, and achieving read compatibility with DVD-ROM drive. DVD-RAM has been realized by using phase change media, 0.6 mm substrate, 650 nm laser and NA 0.6 lens. The track has a single-spiral wobbled land and groove format. Each sector in land and groove tracks can be accessed in a seamless manner by combining physical headers and the wobble signal. 8-16 modulated signal is overwritten on land and groove tracks with mark edge recording method. The sector position shifting of 8 bytes and two guard fields located at the top and end of the data field are introduced to prevent the signal deterioration caused by repeating overwrites. DVD-RAM disc has wide tolerances of laser power and disc tilt, and overwrite durability of over 10/sup 5/ cycles. It is also concluded that DVD-RAM is high reliable and compatible for reading by DVD-ROM drives.
Automating data integration with HiperFuse (2014)

Integrating heterogeneous datasets has been a significant barrier to many analytics tasks, due to the variety in structure and level of cleanliness of raw datasets requiring one-off ETL code. We propose HiperFuse, which significantly automates the data integration process by providing a declarative interface, robust type inference, extensible domain-specific data models, and a data integration planner which optimizes for plan completion time.
TRIMERIZATION OF ARYL CYANATES THERMALLY CURABLE OLIGOMERS (1984)

Aryl cyanates have been used as reactive terminal groups for crosslinking oligomers. With heat, aryl cyanates trimerize to thermally stable aryloxy - s-triazine rings via an additional reaction. Addition reactions have an advantage over condensation reactions in that they do not produce volatile by-products. We have explored the feasibility of using aryl cyanates to crosslink polycarbonate oligomers of increasing molecular weight. We have also investigated the nature of the trimerization reaction itself and what factors promote and retard its rate. The thermal and mechanical behavior of the reactive oligomers and crosslinked polymers therefrom, are described. ^
The Cutplane: a tool for interactive solid modeling (1988)

Today, most solid modeling systems are used only in the final stages of design, where iterations are driven by analysis rather than creative exploration of alternative solutions. These systems have complex interfaces, slow response, and do not provide a convenient way of specifying a three dimensional position using a two dimensional display screen. As such they are not viable alternatives to visualization methods traditionally used in early design.This paper presents a geometric modeling system which incorporates a new concept for intuitively and unambiguously specifying and manipulating points or features in three dimensional space. The central concept, the Cutplane, consists of a plane that moves through space under control of a mouse or similar input device. The intersection of the plane and any object is highlighted, and only this highlighted section can be selected for manipulation. Selection is accomplished with a crosshair that is constrained to remain within the plane, so that the relationship between the crosshair and the feature of interest is immediately evident. Although the idea of a section view is not new, previously it has been used as a way to reveal hidden structure, not as a means of manipulating objects or indicating spatial position, as is proposed here.
Oral cladribine for B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: report of a phase II trial with a 3‐d, 3‐weekly schedule in untreated and pretreated patients, and a long‐term follow‐up of 126 previously untreated patients (2002)

A phase II study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a new schedule of cladribine administration (10 mg/m2 orally daily for 3 d every 3 weeks) in 107 patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). To minimize toxicity, treatment withdrawal criteria were defined. The results of the 63 previously untreated patients were retrospectively compared with 63 from an earlier study using a 5-d monthly schedule. The compiled data were analysed for prognostic factors for survival. No significant difference regarding response were seen in the two cohorts of the 126 previously untreated patients. The complete response (CR), nodular partial response (nPR) and partial response (PR) rates were 15%, 21% and 41%. Quality of response had no impact on survival. The 3- and 5-year overall survival for previously untreated patients was 73% and 58%, respectively, with a median follow-up of 54 months. Pretreatment haemoglobin <11.0 g/dl and elevated beta-2-microglobulin had a negative influence on survival. Major infections occurred in 21% of patients in the 3-d study compared with 35% in the 5-d study. The overall response (OR) and CR rates in the 40 previously treated patients were 34% and 5% respectively. Median overall survival was 24 months and median progression-free survival for responding patients was 14 months. Cladribine used as a single agent is an effective treatment with an acceptable safety profile for pretreated and untreated B-CLL. The achievement of complete remission was not a prerequisite for long-term survival.
Volatile Flavor Components in the Headspace of the Australian or “Bowen” Mango (1987)

ABSTRACT The volatile constituents of the “Bowen” mango ( Mangifera indica , Kensington Pride) have been isolated by concentration of the head‐space vapors on Tenax‐GC. The major components in the ripe fruit are ethyl butanoate and terpinolene, although a number of other esters and terpenes are present in smaller amounts. The concentration of esters was markedly decreased when the volatile constituents were isolated by simultaneous distillation‐extraction and the method is, therefore, considered to be less useful than headspace concentration. As the fruit is allowed to ripen on storage the concentration of ethyl butanoate decreases accompanied by an increase in the concentration of higher esters.
Some Factors Affecting the in Vitro Rates of Dissolution of Respirable Particles of Relatively Low Solubility (1973)

The rate of dissolution of a relatively insoluble material deposited in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) is an important parameter in determining its relative retention in the LRT and its translocation to other tissues. Dissolution conditions may affect the rate of dissolution of a relatively insoluble material. The effects of some of these factors on the in vitro rates of dissolution of some radioactive aerosol particles were studied. Included among these factors were particle size, solvent composition, solvent flow rate, temperature of the dissolution system and method of measurement. Experimental conditions for the measurement of the in vitro rates of dissolution of relatively insoluble aerosol particles for comparison with in vivo dissolution rates in the LRT are discussed.
Newer Quinolines as Cardiovascular Agents (1991)

Department of Pharmacology, L.L.R.M. Medical College, Meerut-250 004<br> <em>Manuscript received 24 May</em> <em>1990, revised 6 November 1990, accepted 16 February 1991</em> 1- (7- Triiluoromethyl- 4 -hydroxyquinoline-benzamido) - 5- aryl-∆<sup>2</sup>-triazolines (4a — h),' 147-trilluoromethy1-4- hydroxyquinoline-3-benzamido)-2-oxo-4-arylazetidin­2-ones (5a — h), 1'-(7-trifluoromethy1-4-hydroxyquinoline-3-benzamido)-3<em>'</em>- methyl-2'- oxothiazolidinones (6a— h) were synthesised by cycloaddition of diazomethane, mono­chloroacetyl chloride and thiolactic acid respectively, on the azomethine group of 7-trifluoromethy1-3-benzoylhydrazones (32— h). The latter (3a— h) on diazotisation yielded 1' - ( 7- trifluoromethyl - 4 - hydroxquinoline- 3- benzamido ) -2' - arylformazans (7a—h).
Electronic circuit analysis using transformation matrices in conjunction with the multi-node method (1970)

The representation of a network by its indefinite admittance matrix and the subsequent reduction to a nodal matrix is easily achieved. Any set of linear equations can be reduced by matrix partitioning to a 2×2 matrix; however, it is important to realize that if the easy-to-set-up nodal matrix is reduced, the resultant two-port representation has a node common to the input and output ports.The reduction procedure can also be applied to two-ports such as lattice networks and difference amplifiers that do not have a node common to the ports of interest. The lack of the common node means that reduction of the nodal matrix is no longer applicable and the nodal equations must therefore be transformed into the required form before the reduction procedure is used.Transformation matrices are used to transform the nodal equations into a new set of equations that contains voltage and current vectors related to the two ports of interest.
Design of Buchanan County, Iowa, Bridge Using Ultra High-Performance Concrete and PI Girders (2008)

Buchanan County, Iowa, was granted funding through the TEA-21 Innovative Bridge Construction Program (IBRC), managed by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), to construct a highway bridge using an optimized PI girder section with ultra high performance concrete (UHPC). UHPC is a relatively new structural material that is marketed by Lafarge, Inc. under the name Ductal. The PI girder section was developed to optimize the amount of material used in a girder, since currently the cost is relatively expensive. The Buchanan County project will be the first time the PI section has been used for a highway bridge in the United States. The girders will be pretensioned longitudinally and the deck will be post-tensioned transversely.
High dynamic range pixel architecture for advanced diagnostic medical x-ray imaging applications (2006)

The most widely used architecture in large-area amorphous silicon (a-Si) flat panel imagers is a passive pixel sensor (PPS), which consists of a detector and a readout switch. While the PPS has the advantage of being compact and amenable toward high-resolution imaging, small PPS output signals are swamped by external column charge amplifier and data line thermal noise, which reduce the minimum readable sensor input signal. In contrast to PPS circuits, on-pixel amplifiers in a-Si technology reduce readout noise to levels that can meet even the stringent requirements for low noise digital x-ray fluoroscopy (&lt;1000 noise electrons). However, larger voltages at the pixel input cause the output of the amplified pixel to become nonlinear thus reducing the dynamic range. We reported a hybrid amplified pixel architecture based on a combination of PPS and amplified pixel designs that, in addition to low noise performance, also resulted in large-signal linearity and consequently higher dynamic range [K. S. Karim et al., Proc. SPIE 5368, 657 (2004)]. The additional benefit in large-signal linearity, however, came at the cost of an additional pixel transistor. We present an amplified pixel design that achieves the goals of low noise performance and large-signal linearity without the need for an additional pixel transistor. Theoretical calculations and simulation results for noise indicate the applicability of the amplified a-Si pixel architecture for high dynamic range, medical x-ray imaging applications that require switching between low exposure, real-time fluoroscopy and high-exposure radiography.
Transferrin conjugated nontoxic carbon dots for doxorubicin delivery to target pediatric brain tumor cells (2016)

Among various cancers, pediatric brain tumors represent the most common cancer type in children and the second most common cause of cancer related deaths. Anticancer drugs and therapies, such as doxorubicin (Dox), have severe side effects on patients during chemotherapy, especially for children as their bodies are still under development. These side effects are believed to be due to the lack of a delivery system with high efficacy and targeting selectivity, resulting in serious damages of normal cells. To improve the efficacy and selectivity, the transferrin (Trans) receptor mediated endocytosis can be utilized for drug delivery system design, as transferrin receptors are expressed on the blood brain barrier (BBB) and often over expressed in brain tumor cells. Carbon dots (C-Dots) have recently emerged as benign nanoparticles in biomedical applications owing to their good water solubility, tunable surface functionalities and excellent biocompatibility. The unique characteristics of C-Dots make them promising candidates for drug delivery development. In this study, carbon dots-transferrin-doxorubicin covalent conjugate (C-Dots-Trans-Dox) was synthesized, characterized by different spectroscopic techniques and investigated for the potential application as a drug delivery system for anticancer drug doxorubicin to treat pediatric brain tumors. Our in vitro results demonstrate greater uptake of the C-Dots-Trans-Dox conjugate compared to Dox alone presumably owing to the high levels of transferrin receptors on these tumor cells. Experiment showed that C-Dots-Trans-Dox at 10 nM was significantly more cytotoxic than Dox alone, reducing viability by 14-45%, across multiple pediatric brain tumor cell lines.
A memorable patient (2010)

It was a relaxed weekday evening. The day’s emergency surgical take had been light, and I sat down for dinner with my colleagues in the hospital canteen. The evening’s on-call consultant joined us. He was a vascular surgeon, staying late to deal with an overdue amputation. The conversation was carefree, and we headed our separate ways. The patients waiting for theatre were prioritised. First on the list tomorrow would be the man seen earlier with back pain and a large abdominal aortic aneurysm. Computed tomography had reassured us that all was well—no leak. I reclined in the theatre coffee room in the company of the night’s anaesthetist.

Then the calm of the evening was shattered by the …
Survey of Cathodic Protection Systems on Virginia Bridges (2008)

A study investigated the status of cathodic protection systems that had been deployed on Virginia highway bridge structures over the past 24 years. A variety of system types had been used on structures located across the state. The general design, current status, and notes about observed performance of each system are presented. A summary of general observations about the state of cathodic protection technology in Virginia is provided. From visual observations, review of available condition reports, and discussions with system design and maintenance personnel, it was concluded that cathodic protection was successfully deployed in many, but not all, of the attempted applications in Virginia. However, a comprehensive and unified strategy for monitoring and maintenance of Virginia's cathodic protection systems is needed.
Sum-Rate of MIMO Broadcast Channels with One Bit Feedback (2006)

The sum-capacity of a multi-antenna broadcast Gaussian channel is known to be achieved by dirty paper coding techniques, or, asymptotically in the number of users n, by beamforming methods, that require full channel state information at the base station. Based on the opportunistic beamforming principle, it has been recently shown that the optimal scaling law of the sum-rate with respect to n, for fixed signal to noise ratio and number of transmitting antennas M, (i.e., M log log n) can be achieved by employing a feedback of only one real and one integer number per user. Moreover, it was proved that a linear scaling with respect of M can be guaranteed only if M scales no faster than log n. In this paper, the optimal scaling law of the sum-rate with respect to n is proved to be achievable with only one bit of feedback per user. The proof builds on opportunistic beamforming and binary quantization of the signal to noise plus interference ratio. Moreover, the linear scaling of the sum-rate with M is demonstrated to hold for M growing no faster than log n even with such a reduced feedback. Finally, the results above are extended to the MIMO case, where each user is equipped with multiple antennas
Mapping Genetic Factors Associated with Winter Hardiness, Fall Growth, and Freezing Injury in Autotetraploid Alfalfa (2000)

Winter hardiness is a complex trait and one of the most important adaptations for alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) grown in northern climates. In the absence of winter hardiness data, alfalfa breeders predict the potential of genotypes with component traits related to winter hardiness. This research was undertaken to identify and compare some of the genomic regions that control winter injury (WI) and two component traits, fall growth (FG) and freezing injury (FI). Two plants, B17 and P13, representing the extremes for each trait were crossed, and a F1 plant was backcrossed to each parent to create two populations of 101 individuals each. Each population was scored for 82 single dose restriction fragment loci, and 17 or 19 two‐allele loci and evaluated for FG, FI, and WI in 2 yr of replicated field trials. Trait measures over the 2 yr were significantly correlated ( r = 0.71, r = 0.42, and r = 0.76 for FG, FI, and WI, respectively). Significant correlations also existed between WI and FG ( r = 0.50 and 0.56) and FI ( r = 0.34 and 0.58) for each year. One to six single dose restriction fragment were significant factors in multiple regression models that explained 6.3 to 52.2% of the phenotypic variation for each trait in each year and the average of 2 yr. More of the phenotypic variation was explained in the backcross to B17 (the winter hardy, fall dormant parent) than in the backcross to P13 (the winter sensitive, non‐fall dormant parent) and for FG than for FI and WI. Partial dominance was detected for P13 alleles at most loci associated with FG and for B17 at loci associated with FI. Additive gene action predominated for loci associated with WI. Severe winter kill and the association of FG with plant vigor may have masked identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the P13 backcross. In the B17 backcross, genomic regions that contain QTL affecting FG, FI, and WI were identified on linkage groups 5 and 8, but QTL affecting only FG and FI were identified on linkage groups 1 and 3. These data indicate that there is a genetic basis for the use of predictor traits in the absence of winter hardiness data. However, they also suggest that genetic components of fall dormancy and winter hardiness can be manipulated independently, and they reveal regions that may be useful for marker‐assisted selection with this material.
An Experimental Study of Molten Salt Electrorefining of Uranium Using Solid Iron Cathode and Liquid Cadmium Cathode for Development of Pyrometallurgical Reprocessing (1997)

Electrorefining of uranium was studied for developing pyrometallurgical reprocessing technology of metal fuel cycle. After concentration dependence of polarization curve was measured, uranium was electrodeposited either on solid iron cathode or in liquid cadmium cathode. Design and operational conditions of the cathode were improved for obtaining much greater quantity of deposit, resulting in recovery of 732g of dendritic uranium on a single solid cathode, and of 232g of uranium in 2,344g of a liquid cadmium cathode. The behaviors of electro-codeposition of rare earth elements with uranium were observed for liquid cadmium cathode, and were found to follow the local equilibrium between salt electrolyte and cathode. The decontamination factors of FP simulating elements from uranium were tentatively determined as >2,000 for deposition to solid cathode and as >7 for deposition to liquid cadmium cathode, respectively.
Synthesis of 11-dehydro-13,14-dihydro-PGE1 [prostaglandin E1] and -PGD2 [prostaglandin D2] (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSynthesis of 11-dehydro-13,14-dihydro-PGE1 [prostaglandin E1] and -PGD2 [prostaglandin D2]Masaki Hayashi and Tadao TanouchiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 11, 2115–2116Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00951a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00951a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views131Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Protection System Considerations for DC Distributed Electrical Propulsion Systems (2015)

Distributed electrical propulsion for aircraft, also known as turboelectric distributed propulsion (TeDP), will require a complex electrical power system which can deliver power to multiple propulsor motors from gas turbine driven generators.To ensure that high enough power densities are reached, it has been proposed that such power systems are superconducting.Key to the development of these systems is the understanding of how faults propagate in the network, which enables possible protection strategies to be considered and following that, the development of an appropriate protection strategy to enable a robust electrical power system with fault ride-through capability.This paper investigates possible DC protection strategies for a radial DC architecture for a TeDP power system, in terms of their ability to respond appropriately to a DC fault and their impact on overall system weight and efficiency.This latter aspect has already been shown to be critical to shaping the overall TeDP concept competitiveness.
Activation of Macrophages and the Intestinal Immune System by an Orally Administered Decoction from Cultured Mycelia of<i>Cordyceps sinensis</i> (2002)

The effects of an orally administered hot-water extract (HW) from cultured mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis on the activation of macrophages and the intestinal immune system were studied in mice. The general composition of HW was 83.9% carbohydrate, 11.8% protein, 1.9% lipid and 2.4% ash, and the carbohydrates were mainly composed of glucose, mannose, galactose and arabinose (molar ratio of 1.0:0.8:0.5:0.1). HW stimulated the activation (1.7-fold of the saline control) of macrophages and IL-6 production (1.5-fold) at 2.0 g/kg/day. Analyzing the culture supernatant of Peyer's patch cells from C3H/HeJ mice that had been fed with HW at 1.0 g/kg/day for 7 days indicated that the bone marrow cells had significantly proliferated (1.9-fold). In addition, the amounts of GM-CSF and IL-6 in the culture supernatant of Peyer's patch cells at the same dose were significantly increased (1.8-fold and 2.2-fold, respectively). These results indicate that an oral administration of HW may modulate IL-6 production by the activation of macrophages, and also enhance the secretion of hematopoietic growth factors such as GM-CSF and IL-6 from Peyer's patch cells. Since such cytokines as GM-CSF and IL-6 from Peyer's patch cells act on the systemic immune system, it can be assumed that orally administered HW modulated not only the local but also systemic immune system.