gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recommended (1982)

Tools and toolsets for the software builder are receiving increased attention. Research into new-concept tools is progressing. However, the use of tools in the software workplace is not. This paper asserts that what is needed is a Minimum Standard Software Toolset which is available to all professional programmers in all workplaces. The functional content of such a toolset is proposed, based heavily on the work of the U.S. Department of Defense in its Ada Programming Support Environment.
Analgesic effects of intraarticular bupivacaine after day‐case arthroscopy (1994)

A blind, prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted to assess the analgesic properties of intraarticular bupivacaine after day-case arthroscopy. Forty-eight patients undergoing routine arthroscopy were randomly allocated to receive 10 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine or 0.9% saline into the joint at the end of the procedure. The analgesic effects were assessed by visual analogue scales at discharge, on going to bed, and the following morning. Significant reduction in reported pain was found in the treatment groups on leaving the hospital and later the same evening, although no benefit was found the following day.
Cantilever Micro-rheometer for the Characterization of Sugar Solutions (2008)

The volume required for the rheological characterization of fluids can beminimized by using micromechanical cantilevers as viscosity sensors. Here, a simplemeasurement tool for the characterization of sugar solutions is proposed. The sensorconsists of a micromechanical cantilever as used in an atomic force microscopy which isintegrated into a closed fluid handling system. Fluid properties are derived from an analysisof the power spectral density of the fluctuations of the cantilever deflection signal. The dataacquisition system is operated with standard consumer computer components, which limitsthe costs for the hardware. Measurements with different sugar solutions indicate that thesensor system provides reliable viscosity values for sugar concentrations as they occur inbiological systems. The viscosities of the sugar solutions could be evaluated with an errorsmaller than 5 %.
Blood pressure response, but not adverse event incidence, correlates with dose of angiotensin II antagonist (2001)

Olmesartan medoxomil was safe and highly effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension in these studies.
A Scalable Asymmetric Synthesis of (<i>R</i>)-2-Amino-1-(3-pyridinyl)ethanol Dihydrochloride via an Oxazaborolidine Catalyzed Borane Reduction (2003)

This report describes a scalable process for the asymmetric synthesis of (R)-2-amino-1-(3-pyridinyl)ethanol dihydrochloride. The stereochemistry of the product is set via a reduction of 3-chloroacetyl pyridine with 2 equiv of borane-dimethyl sulfide and a catalytic amount of an in situ generated oxazaborolidine. The enantiomeric excess (ee) of the reductive step depends on the addition rate of the substrate and the temperature. The authors hypothesize that the low ee observed during a fast addition of the substrate or at low temperatures is due to the slow regeneration of the active catalyst from the catalyst−product complex.
Regimes of particle trapping in inductively coupled plasma processing reactors (1996)

Contamination of wafers by particles in plasma processing reactors is a continuing problem affecting yields of microelectronic devices. In this letter, we report on a computational study of particle contamination of wafers in a high plasma density inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactor. When operating with an unbiased substrate, particles readily contaminate the wafer due to high ion fluxes which produce large ion-drag forces. Biasing the substrate with a radio frequency (rf) voltage counteracts the ion-drag forces by increasing the opposing electrostatic forces in the sheath, thereby shielding the wafer from incoming particles. We have found three regimes of particle contamination for different ICP powers and rf biases. At high rf biases and low ICP powers, particles trap at the edge of the sheath. At low rf bias and high ICP power, ion drag forces dominate, particles do not trap, and wafer contamination is problematic. At intermediate powers and biases, particles quasitrap, leading to moderate particle contamination.
A mitogen gradient of dorsal midline Wnts organizes growth in the CNS (2002)

Cell cycle progression and exit must be precisely patterned during development to generate tissues of the correct size, shape and symmetry. Here we present evidence that dorsal-ventral growth of the developing spinal cord is regulated by a Wnt mitogen gradient. Wnt signaling through the beta-catenin/TCF pathway positively regulates cell cycle progression and negatively regulates cell cycle exit of spinal neural precursors in part through transcriptional regulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin D2. Wnts expressed at the dorsal midline of the spinal cord, Wnt1 and Wnt3a, have mitogenic activity while more broadly expressed Wnts do not. We present several lines of evidence suggesting that dorsal midline Wnts form a dorsal to ventral concentration gradient. A growth gradient that correlates with the predicted gradient of mitogenic Wnts emerges as the neural tube grows with the proliferation rate highest dorsally and the differentiation rate highest ventrally. These data are rationalized in a 'mitogen gradient model' that explains how proliferation and differentiation can be patterned across a growing field of cells. Computer modeling demonstrates this model is a robust and self-regulating mechanism for patterning cell cycle regulation in a growing tissue. Supplemental data available on-line
RAS-M: Resource Allocation Strategy Based on Market Mechanism in Cloud Computing (2009)

Resource management is one of the main issues in cloud computing. in order to improve resource utilization of large data centers while delivering services with higher QoS to cloud clients, a resource allocation strategy based on market (RAS-M) is proposed. Firstly, the architecture and the market model of RAS-M are constructed, in which a QoS-refection utility function is designed according to different resource requirements of the cloud client, the equilibrium state of RAS-M is defined and the proof of its optimality is given. Secondly, GA-based price adjusted algorithm is introduced to deal with the problem of achieving the equilibrium state of RAS-M. Finally, RAS-M is implemented upon Xen to reallocate the VM's weight. Experiments results obtained by setting different parameters show that RAS-M can achieve the equilibrium state approximately, that is, demand and supply is balanced nearly, which validates RAS-M is effective and practicable, and is capable of achieving its goal.
Transport of sucrose, not hexose, in the phloem (2012)

Several lines of evidence indicate that glucose and fructose are essentially absent in mobile phloem sap. However, this paradigm has been called into question, especially but not entirely, with respect to species in the Ranunculaceae and Papaveraceae. In the experiments in question, phloem sap was obtained by detaching leaves and placing the cut ends of the petioles in an EDTA solution. More hexose than sucrose was detected. In the present study, these results were confirmed for four species. However, almost identical results were obtained when the leaf blades were removed and only petiole stubs were immersed. This suggests that the sugars in the EDTA solution represent compounds extracted from the petioles, rather than sugars in transit in the phloem. In further experiments, the leaf blades were exposed to (14)CO(2) and, following a chase period, radiolabelled sugars in the petioles and EDTA exudate were identified. Almost all the radiolabel was in the form of [(14)C]sucrose, with little radiolabelled hexose. The data support the long-held contention that sucrose is a ubiquitous transport sugar, but hexoses are essentially absent in the phloem stream.
Functional analysis of CD82 in the early phase of T cell activation: roles in cell adhesion and signal transduction (1998)

To define T cell co-stimulatory molecules that work in the early phase of T cell activation, we established monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that inhibit or enhance T cell activation by the histiocytic leukemia cell line U937. One of the mAb, 53H5, which recognized both T cells and U937, was identified to bind to CD82 by expression cloning. Functional analyses of CD82 revealed that 1) CD82 needs to exist on both T cells and U937 for the full activation of T cells; 2) CD82 expression is up-regulated on both T cells and U937 by stimulation such as CD3 ligation or treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; 3) overexpression of CD82 enhances both homotypic and heterotypic cell adhesion betweenT cells and U937; 4) CD82 signal co-stimulates T cells and the signal works synergistically with the CD28-mediated T cell co-stimulation signal; 5) in mixed leukocyte reactions using U937 as stimulator cells, CD82 overexpression on U937 correlates with the higher allogeneicity of U937 cells. These results indicate that CD82 co-stimulates T cells not only by sending intra-T cell signals that work synergistically with CD28 signals but also by inducing enhanced T cell-antigen-presenting cell interaction.
Studies on FK482 (Cefdinir). IV. Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of 7&beta;-[(Z)-2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamido]-3-substituted Cephalosporin Derivatives (1990)

The synthesis of 7 beta-[(Z)-2-(aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamido] cephalosporins (Ia-i) modified at the C-3 position of a cephem nucleus and the effect of the C-3 substituents on the antibacterial activity and oral absorbability are discussed. The cephems (Ie, h and i) having a C-3 substituent such as 1-propenyl, ethylthio and vinylthio group as well as FK482 (cefdinir) exhibited excellent antibacterial activities against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. However, those compounds showed poor absorption rate after oral administration in rats. It is concluded that the vinyl moiety at the 3-position is necessary to display fairly oral absorptivity in a series of 7 beta-[(Z)-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamido]c eph ems.
Synthesis of racemic muscone and cyclopentadecanone (exaltone) from 1,9-cyclohexadecadiene (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of racemic muscone and cyclopentadecanone (exaltone) from 1,9-cyclohexadecadieneB. D. Mookherjee, R. W. Trenkle, and R. PatelCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 22, 3266–3270Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00821a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00821a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views363Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Anion Exchange Equilibria in an Anion Exchange Resin (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Anion Exchange Equilibria in an Anion Exchange ResinRobert Kunin and Robert J. MyersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 11, 2874–2878Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01203a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01203a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views755Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phosphoprotein Isotope-Coded Affinity Tags:  Application to the Enrichment and Identification of Low-Abundance Phosphoproteins (2001)

The use of a phosphoprotein isotope-coded affinity tag (PhIAT), which employs differential isotopic labeling and biotinylation, has been shown capable of enriching and identifying mixtures of low-abundance phosphopeptides. A denatured solution of beta-casein was labeled using the PhIAT method, and after proteolytic digestion, the labeled peptides were isolated using immobilized avidin. The recovered peptides were separated by capillary reversed-phase liquid chromatography and identified by tandem mass spectrometry. PhIAT-labeled peptides corresponding to known O-phosphorylated peptides from beta-casein were identified along with the phosphorylated peptides from alphas1-casein and alphas2-casein, known low-level (<5%) contaminants of commercially available beta-casein. All of the casein-phosphorylated residues identified by the present PhIAT approach correspond to previously documented sites of phosphorylation. The results illustrate the efficacy of the PhIAT-labeling strategy to not only enrich mixtures for phosphopeptides but also, more importantly, permit the detection and identification of low-level phosphopeptides. In addition, the differences in the phosphorylation state could be determined between phosphopeptides in comparative samples by stoichiometric conversion using the light and heavy isotopic versions of the PhIAT reagents. Overall, our results exemplify the application of the PhIAT approach and demonstrate its utility for proteome-wide phosphoprotein identification and quantitation.
Creating and sharing Web notes via a standard browser (2001)

Today practitioners in education actively publish their instructional materials as HTML documents, using a variety of media. Yet, in most cases, third parties can only passively read the documents displayed in their browsers. This partly accounts for why students in Web-based courses continue to take notes and get feedback on assignments from their teachers on paper documents [9]. In this paper, we describe an intuitve Web annotation environment that allows users to annotate directly on any DHTML-compliant portions of Web page using a standard browser, for private, group or public use along with support for voice synthesis and notification. In makes extensive use of DHTML to realize the interactive markup effects and offers capabilities not available in existing systems. Our implementation is among the few systems currently available that make use of DHTML for creating a wide range of group services within Web browsers.
A Far Infrared Interferometric Spectrometer with a Special Electronic Computer (1966)

A far ir interferometric spectrometer with a special electronic computer has been constructed. The interferometer is of the conventional Michelson type. The electronic computer, which consists of an analog computer to introduce apodization and a digital computer to calculate the Fourier cosine transform, is fed with the detector output of the interferometer and is operated by electric pulses from a moiré fringe counter that is part of the mechanism that measures the path difference in the interferometer. The digital computer makes the calculation in parallel for each of one thousand spectral positions during the scanning of the interferogram. It takes 0.45 sec for the calculation at each path difference. A spectrogram can be obtained in 10 min; this includes calculations at one thousand path differences and 2 min for recording. During the scanning, values stored in the memory corresponding to the one thousand spectral positions can be displayed on a synchroscope in order to provide a spectrogram that is low in resolving power at the beginning and high at the end of the scan. Some results obtained with water vapor absorption are shown.
Auto-tuning Distributed Stream Processing Systems using Reinforcement Learning (2018)

Fine tuning distributed systems is considered to be a craftsmanship, relying on intuition and experience. This becomes even more challenging when the systems need to react in near real time, as streaming engines have to do to maintain pre-agreed service quality metrics. In this article, we present an automated approach that builds on a combination of supervised and reinforcement learning methods to recommend the most appropriate lever configurations based on previous load. With this, streaming engines can be automatically tuned without requiring a human to determine the right way and proper time to deploy them. This opens the door to new configurations that are not being applied today since the complexity of managing these systems has surpassed the abilities of human experts. We show how reinforcement learning systems can find substantially better configurations in less time than their human counterparts and adapt to changing workloads.
Analysis of the Separating Performance of Peanut Harvester Sorting System (2015)

This study examined the performance of the separating system of a self-propelled peanut harvester by analyzing the relationship between a shaking screen and rotational speeds of winnowing. The shaking screen was manufactured to have rotational speeds of 370, 470, 570 rpm and winnowing was manufactured to have rotational speeds of 1,500, 1,760, 2,020 rpm by adjusting the pitch circle diameter of each pulley. The sample was prepared based on the yields of an actual self-propelled peanut harvester and analyzed with Statistical Analysis Software after measuring the weight of peanuts and stems. The stem separation ratio was high as 95.3% when rotational speeds were 570 rpm (shaking screen) and 2,020 rpm (winnowing). The peanut loss ratio was low as 0% when rotational speeds were 370 rpm (shaking screen) and 1,500 rpm (winnowing). The results indicated that the stem separation ratio was improved with high rotational speeds of shaking screen and winnowing; the peanut loss ratio was reduced with low rotational speeds of shaking screen and winnowing. However, the rotational speed of winnowing did not influence on the peanut loss ratio; as a result, separation performance was improved with low rotational speed of shaking screen and high rotational speed of winnowing. Low rotational speed of shaking screen, however, may cause congestion during process, thus follow-up studies are needed.
The influence of crystal orientation on silicon semiconductor processing (1969)

Silicon crystallographic orientation effects on semiconductor processing from single crystal growth through completed devices or circuits have been studied. The preferred octahedral crystal habit of silicon provides for stable crystal growth on the {111} plane, but the other low-index planes, {110} and {100}, are becoming more commonly used, in spite of greater difficulty in growth and processing of these crystals. Chemical and physical properties such as etch rates and Young's modulus are affected by orientation. The effect of crystal orientation on technologies such as diffusion under film (DUF), dielectric isolation, epitaxy, selective etch and epitaxial refill, and simultaneous deposition of single crystal and polycrystal silicon are presented. In addition, orientation effects on processes of oxidation, diffusion, alloying, and scribing are discussed.
Native structure and physical properties of bovine brain kinesin and identification of the ATP-binding subunit polypeptide (1988)

Kinesin was extensively purified from bovine brain cytosol by a microtubule-binding step in the presence of 5'-adenylyl imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP), followed by gel filtration chromatography and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. The products consistently contained 124,000 (124K) and 64,000 (64K) dalton polypeptides. These two polypeptides appear to represent heavy and light chains of kinesin, respectively, because they copurified on sucrose gradients to a constant and equimolar stoichiometry and bound stably to microtubules in the presence of AMP-PNP but not ATP. The mobilities of 124K and 64K in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels under reducing conditions were the same as under nonreducing conditions. A diffusion coefficient of (2.24 +/- 0.21) X 10(-7) cm2 s-1 and a sedimentation coefficient of (9.56 +/- 0.34) X 10(-13) s were determined for native kinesin by gel filtration and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation, respectively. These values were used to calculate a native molecular weight of about 379,000 and suggest that kinesin has an axial ratio of approximately 20. Extensively purified kinesin exhibited microtubule-activated ATPase activity, and only the 124K subunit incorporated ATP in photoaffinity labeling experiments using [32P]ATP. Collectively, these data favor the interpretation that bovine brain kinesin is a highly elongated, microtubule-activated ATPase comprising two subunits each of 124,000 and 64,000 daltons, that the subunits are not linked to one another by disulfide bonds, and that the heavy chains are the ATP-binding subunits.
A Contra Capture Protein Array Platform for Studying Post-translationally Modified (PTM) Auto-antigenomes (2016)

Aberrant modifications of proteins occur during disease development and elicit disease-specific antibody responses. We have developed a protein array platform that enables the modification of many proteins in parallel and assesses their immunogenicity without the need to express, purify, and modify proteins individually. We used anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a model modification and profiled antibody responses to ∼190 citrullinated proteins in 20 RA patients. We observed unique antibody reactivity patterns in both clinical anticyclic citrullinated peptide assay positive (CCP+) and CCP- RA patients. At individual antigen levels, we detected antibodies against known citrullinated autoantigens and discovered and validated five novel antibodies against specific citrullinated antigens (osteopontin (SPP1), flap endonuclease (FEN1), insulin like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP6), insulin like growth factor I (IGF1) and stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)) in RA patients. We also demonstrated the utility of our innovative array platform in the identification of immune-dominant epitope(s) for citrullinated antigens. We believe our platform will promote the study of post-translationally modified antigens at a breadth that has not been achieved before, by both identifying novel autoantigens and investigating their roles in disease development. The developed platforms can potentially be used to study many autoimmune disease-relevant modifications and their immunogenicity.