gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overdose Prevention and Naloxone Prescription for Opioid Users in San Francisco (2010)

Opiate overdose is a significant cause of mortality among injection drug users (IDUs) in the United States (US). Opiate overdose can be reversed by administering naloxone, an opiate antagonist. Among IDUs, prevalence of witnessing overdose events is high, and the provision of take-home naloxone to IDUs can be an important intervention to reduce the number of overdose fatalities. The Drug Overdose Prevention and Education (DOPE) Project was the first naloxone prescription program (NPP) established in partnership with a county health department (San Francisco Department of Public Health), and is one of the longest running NPPs in the USA. From September 2003 to December 2009, 1,942 individuals were trained and prescribed naloxone through the DOPE Project, of whom 24% returned to receive a naloxone refill, and 11% reported using naloxone during an overdose event. Of 399 overdose events where naloxone was used, participants reported that 89% were reversed. In addition, 83% of participants who reported overdose reversal attributed the reversal to their administration of naloxone, and fewer than 1% reported serious adverse effects. Findings from the DOPE Project add to a growing body of research that suggests that IDUs at high risk of witnessing overdose events are willing to be trained on overdose response strategies and use take-home naloxone during overdose events to prevent deaths.
Is it possible to make a diagnosis in an ambulance? (1983)

We have developed a computer method to make a diagnosis for an emergency patient using the data reported by a person who has no technical knowledge of medicine such as a member of the public or an ambulance attendant. The speedy instruction will be made possible by a computer diagnosis, by which an ambulance attendant could deliver the patient expeditiously to the most appropriate medical facility. We first conducted a survey by means of questionnaire and investigated the relationship between the patients' data and diagnosis of medical doctors. It was shown that fairly accurate diagnosis could be made on treatment, hospitalization, an appropriate medical department and need of urgent care, using simple information like age, sex, cause of illness or injury, and 15 symptoms which trained laymen could judge. Accuracy of the diagnosis was 79.3% on the average.
A Vectorially Integrating Anemometer (1949)

An anemometer is described which allows the integrated wind displacement in the four cardinal directions to be recorded directly. The instrument comprises a cup anemometer movement and a wind vane. The movement of the cups is communicated through gearing to a ball floating in mercury, and the plane of rotation of the ball is governed by the wind vane. Rotations of the ball in the four cardinal directions are measured by light friction wheels which transmit electrical impulses to counters.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Current Concepts and Future Trends (1985)

About five per cent of the adult population each year will see their doctor with complaints that are finally characterised as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The complaints are constipation (perhaps alternating with diarrhoea), abdominal pain (dull or colicky), abdominal distension, abdominal rumbling and flatulence. The diagnosis of IBS implies that a relevant examination has precluded any organic disease. The etiology is unknown and the syndrome probably does not represent a disease entity. It is therefore difficult, if not impossible, to produce a definite rationale of treatment. However, several aspects of the pathogenesis of the individual symptoms of IBS are well known: 1) chronic constipation is most likely due to fibre-depleted diet, psychological factors, local organic disorders (e.g., anal fissures, hemorrhoids, diverticulosis) and disturbance of the body fluid balance (e.g., high consumption of diuretic compounds such as coffee and tea); 2) pain is related to spasms and motility disturbances causing increased intraluminal pressure; 3) meteorism is not due to an increased amount of intestinal gas, but "air traps" and segmental accumulation of gas seem to occur. Furthermore, psychopathological factors and perhaps also food intolerance may play an etiological role. At present the rationale of treatment in IBS is: 1) management of constipation, 2) ease of spasms, 3) reduction of surface tension of intestinal contents, 4) ease of mental stress.
Rapid fabrication of thermoplastic polymer refractive microlens array using contactless hot embossing technology (2015)

A thermoplastic polymer refractive microlens array has been rapidly fabricated by contactless hot embossing technology through the stainless steel template with micro through-holes array, which has a diameter of 150 µm and a pitch of 185 µm. By optimizing the technical parameters including heating and demoulding temperature, loading pressure, loading and pressure holding time, a series of high quality microlenses arrays of different sags could be obtained. In addition, the sag and the radius of curvature of the microlens are controllable. The geometrical and optical properties of the microlenses are measured and the influence of temperature and pressure duration on the optical properties of the microlenses are analysed. The results show good surface features and optical performances. Unlike previous contactless hot embossing, a low cost and durable stainless steel template was utilized instead of silicon or nickel mold to avoid valuable equipments and complicated fabrication procedure. Besides, the whole contactless hot embossing process was absence of vacuum equipment. We think that the technology could be an attractive high flexibility method for enhancing efficiency and reducing cost.
[The growth of mammalian pancreatic cells as monolayer cultures. 3. Modification of insulin secretion with caffeine and glucose]. (1970)

Glucose und Coffein erhöhen den Gehalt 4 und 7 Tage alter Zellen an immunologisch meßbarem „Insulin“ (Ausgangsmaterial: Ratten- und Schweinepankreas). Morphologisch (Aldehydfuchsin, Pseudoisocyanin) sind bei coffeinbehandelten Zellen in der Intensität der Anfärbung und in der Granuladichte zeitabhängige Unterschiede zu beobachten, die an 4 Tage alten Zellen deutlicher als an 7 Tage alten zu erkennen sind. Coffein erhöht die Verfettung der Zellen. Weiter nimmt der Gehalt an sauren Mucopolysacchariden (Eisenbindungsreaktion) und an PAS-positivem Material zu. Diese Erhöhung läuft mit dem Anstieg des „Insulingehaltes“ im Nährmedium parallel.
Torque density measurements on vortex fluids produced by symmetry-breaking rational magnetic fields (2014)

We have recently reported on the discovery that an infinite class of triaxial magnetic fields is capable of producing rotational flows in magnetic particle suspensions. These triaxial fields are created by applying a dc field orthogonally to a rational biaxial field, comprised of orthogonal components whose frequencies form a rational ratio. The vorticity axis can be parallel to any of the three field components and can be predicted by a careful consideration of the symmetry of the dynamic field. In this paper we not only test the field-symmetry predictions, but also quantify fluid vorticity as a function of the field parameters (strength, frequency ratio, phase angle and relative dc field strength) and particle shape. These measurements validate the symmetry predictions and demonstrate that rational fields are as effective as vortex fields for producing strong fluid mixing, yet have the advantage that small changes in the frequency of one of the field components can change the vorticity axis. This approach extends the possibilities for noncontact control of fluid flows and should be useful in areas such as microfluidics, and the manipulation and mixing of microdroplets.
On the suitability of BiMOS high power devices in intelligent, snubberless power conditioning circuits (2002)

After a short comparison of the basic characteristics of 20 A, 2 kV MOS controlled thyristors (MCT) and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT), both device concepts are analysed in the same hard switching circuit environment using mixed mode 2D device and circuit simulation tools. The focus of this comparative study is put on the controllability of current and voltage transients mandatory for device protection in unsnubbered circuits. This goal is easily met with the IGBT coupling feedback into the gate; MCTs enter oscillatory modes under such conditions and may eventually be destroyed.
Tombola, a tesmin/TSO1-family protein, regulates transcriptional activation in the<i>Drosophila</i>male germline and physically interacts with Always early (2007)

During male gametogenesis, a developmentally regulated and cell type-specific transcriptional programme is activated in primary spermatocytes to prepare for differentiation of sperm. The Drosophila aly-class meiotic-arrest loci (aly, comr, achi/vis and topi) are essential for activation of transcription of many differentiation-specific genes, and several genes important for meiotic cell cycle progression, thus linking meiotic divisions to cellular differentiation during spermatogenesis. Protein interaction studies suggest that the aly-class gene products form a chromatin-associated complex in primary spermatocytes. We identify, clone and characterise a new aly-class meiotic-arrest gene, tombola (tomb), which encodes a testis-specific CXC-domain protein that interacts with Aly. The tomb mutant phenotype is more like that of aly and comr mutants than that of achi/vis or topi mutants in terms of target gene profile and chromosome morphology. tomb encodes a chromatin-associated protein required for localisation of Aly and Comr, but not Topi, to chromatin Reciprocally, aly and comr, but not topi or achi/vis, are required to maintain the normal localisation of Tomb. tomb and aly might be components of a complex paralogous to the Drosophila dREAM/Myb-MuvB and C. elegans DRM transcriptional regulatory complexes.
A Multi-Path Routing Protocol Based on Link Lifetime and Energy Consumption Prediction for Mobile Edge Computing (2020)

During mobile edge computing, due to the movement of nodes and the exhaustion of node energy, link failure occurs thus reducing the network lifetime in the mobile ad-hoc network. When the route fails, because the single-path protocols need to restart the route discovery process, the delay of the network is greatly increased. Therefore, the multi-path routing protocol is proposed, saving the cost of route discovery. In this paper, we propose an ad hoc on-demand multi-path distance vector (AOMDV) routing protocol based on link lifetime and energy consumption prediction (named LLECP-AOMDV) for mobile edge computing. In the route discovery phase, the energy grading strategy is adopted. When the node energy is lower than the threshold, it no longer participates in the route discovery. In the routing selected phase, the path is selected based on the lifetime of the route link and the minimum energy consumption of the route. According to energy consumption, packet delivery rate, end-to-end delay performance indicators, we evaluate the comparison results. The result shows that under most network performance indicators and parameters, the proposed LLECP-AOMDV is superior to the other three protocols, which improves the network lifetime, reduces the node’s energy consumption and the average end-to-end delay. The protocol is very useful for mobile edge computing.
Self-Consolidating Concrete (2012)

"A very interesting and useful book for all the different practitioners in the concrete industry. Each necessary step is thoroughly dealt with and explained in a nice and pedagogic way." Peter Billberg, Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute (CBI)"Quite comprehensive and with a narrative style at the practitioner level." Lloyd Keller, Direc
Yolk protein factor 1 is a Drosophila homolog of Ku, the DNA-binding subunit of a DNA-dependent protein kinase from humans (1994)

Yolk protein factor 1 (YPF1) is a heterodimeric DNA-binding protein from Drosophila melanogaster. In this report, we describe evidence that YPF1 is a homolog of Ku, a human autoimmune antigen that is the DNA-binding subunit of a DNA-dependent protein kinase. In vitro this kinase phosphorylates several transcription factors and, at the time of transcription initiation, the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. We find that a cDNA clone for the smaller subunit (beta) of YPF1 encodes a 72-kDa protein that has extensive homology to the smaller subunit of the heterodimeric Ku protein (24% identity, 51% similarity over the entire 631 amino acid length). Further, the larger YPF1 subunit (alpha) shares immunological epitopes with the larger subunit of Ku. YPF1 and Ku also appear to bind DNA similarly. Southwestern blot experiments demonstrate that, like the Ku protein, the smaller YPF1 subunit binds DNA in the absence of the larger subunit. Further, cross-linking experiments indicate that, once again like the Ku protein, both subunits make contact with DNA when YPF1 binds as a heterodimer. YPF1 beta transcripts occur at low levels in all stages of Drosophila development except during oogenesis and early embryogenesis when they increase 25-fold. In situ hybridization localizes the beta gene to position 34C on the left arm of chromosome 2.
Infection, Viral Dissemination, and Antibody Responses of Rhesus Macaques Exposed to the Human Gammaretrovirus XMRV (2011)

Xenotropic murine leukemia-related virus (XMRV) was identified in association with human prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome. To examine the infection potential, kinetics, and tissue distribution of XMRV in an animal model, we inoculated five macaques with XMRV intravenously. XMRV established a persistent, chronic disseminated infection, with low transient viremia and provirus in blood lymphocytes during acute infection. Although undetectable in blood after about a month, XMRV viremia was reactivated at 9 months, confirming the chronicity of the infection. Furthermore, XMRV Gag was detected in tissues throughout, with wide dissemination throughout the period of monitoring. Surprisingly, XMRV infection showed organ-specific cell tropism, infecting CD4 T cells in lymphoid organs including the gastrointestinal lamina propria, alveolar macrophages in lung, and epithelial/interstitial cells in other organs, including the reproductive tract. Of note, in spite of the intravenous inoculation, extensive XMRV replication was noted in prostate during acute but not chronic infection even though infected cells were still detectable by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in prostate at 5 and 9 months postinfection. Marked lymphocyte activation occurred immediately postinfection, but antigen-specific cellular responses were undetectable. Antibody responses were elicited and boosted upon reexposure, but titers decreased rapidly, suggesting low antigen stimulation over time. Our findings establish a nonhuman primate model to study XMRV replication/dissemination, transmission, pathogenesis, immune responses, and potential future therapies.
Noisy-image normalization using low-order radial moments of circular-harmonic functions (1987)

Radial moments of circular-harmonic functions are used for image normalization. The moment orders are lower than those used in the classical method. The principal axes of image are replaced by a mean direction of image. The influence of random and correlated noise on moment-based image normalization is analyzed. The new method is more robust than the classical method against background noise. Experimental comparisons between the two methods are given. The complete series of the radial moments of circular-harmonic functions can be represented in the Cartesian coordinate system by modified complex moments whose orders are real valued. An application of the new method to gray-level noisy-image recognition is demonstrated that is invariant under changes of position, rotation, scale, and intensity.
Lotus-root-like NiO nanosheets and flower-like NiO microspheres: synthesis and magnetic properties (2011)

The synthesis of lotus-root-like NiO nanosheets and flower-like NiO microspheres was realized through a simple hydrothermal method and subsequent calcination. The diameter of the lotus-root-like NiO nanosheets is about 400 nm and the pore size is about 5∼20 nm. The diameter of the flower-like NiO microspheres is about 2.5 μm, and are composed of staggered lotus-root-like nanosheets. During the synthetic procedure, aqueous ammonia was used as an alkaline complexing reagent, and PVP was used as the template. Interestingly, when the pH value of the precursor solution increased from 8.30 to 10.80, the NiO nanosheets gradually assembled into microspheres, indicating that aqueous ammonia plays a key role in controlling the final morphology. Based on the experimental observation and analysis, a possible mechanism is proposed to understand the formation of the NiO nanostructured materials. In addition, the resultant NiO nanostructures present anomalous magnetic properties and display a spin-glass state at low temperature.
Laser created silicon vias for stacking dies in MCMs (2002)

The stacking of silicon devices is gaining some interest as it will allow even greater densities over current multichip module (MCM) approaches. One type of approach being tried in the industry is interconnecting stacked dies by routing their metal lines to the edge of the die and then strapping the appropriate lines from each die together. An approach being pursued by the Center for Microelectronics Research (CMR) at the University of South Florida is the creation of silicon interconnect vias for communication through the active chip or wafer. Vias of 1 to 2 mil diameters have been successfully created by laser ablation of silicon. Studies are currently in progress to determine the effect such via creation has on nearby active devices. A test vehicle containing transistors and capacitors of various geometries is being employed for the purpose of measuring any detriment that the laser drilling has when vias are created. Data are presented on whether any changes have been measured in various parameters, such as subthreshold voltages and current leakage. Scanning electron micrographs are shown, and progress to date on the methodology employed for metallizing the side walls of the vias is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Antibody-Independent Activation of Human C1 after Interaction with Heart Subcellular Membranes (1973)

Abstract A 19S, complement-fixing, heat-labile factor reactive with human heart mitochondria and microsomes has been detected in all normal human serum. This serum factor reacted with autologous and homologous heart mitochondria but did not react with mitochondria derived from cardiac tissue from other species. Subsequent characterization has indicated that this heat-labile factor was the first component of human complement. The C1 reacted with the mitochondrial membrane, was activated, and resulted in an apparent antibody-independent activation of the complement system.
Effects of eliminating a disulfide bridge within domain II of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (1989)

Cysteines 265 and 287 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA) were substituted by serine, thereby eliminating a disulfide bridge within domain II, the putative membrane insertion-translocation domain. Purified mutant toxin was 80-fold less toxic for mouse L cells than was wild-type ETA while retaining the same specific activity in the ADP-ribosyltransferase reaction as did wild-type toxin. Binding of the nonionic detergent Triton X-114 by mutant ETA occurred at a slightly higher pH than did binding by wild-type ETA, suggesting that the mutant protein more readily undergoes a conformational change exposing hydrophobic regions. Data are presented supporting the notion that the mutant and wild-type toxins enter from the same intracellular compartment. The lower cytotoxicity of the mutant protein could be due to accelerated intracellular degradation or abortive, premature membrane insertion.
Achieving long-term stable perovskite solar cells via ion neutralization (2016)

Corrosive ionic defects in perovskite films degrade perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and long-term stable PSCs are realized by neutralizing the defects.
Initiation of the Autologous Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction Requires the Expression of Costimulatory Molecules B7-1 and B7-2 on Human Peripheral Blood Dendritic Cells (1998)

The human autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) consists of a proliferative response of primarily CD4+ T lymphocytes stimulated by autologous non-T cells expressing class II MHC-encoded gene products and is thought to represent a self-recognitive mechanism that might be important in regulating the cellular interactions involved in the generation of normal immune responses. To further define appropriate stimulator cell populations, as well as the molecular mechanism responsible for the initiation of AMLR, we compared the T cell-stimulatory capacity of highly purified populations of peripheral blood dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes (Mos) under serum-free conditions, thus carefully avoiding the presence of xenogeneic Ags. Whereas both freshly isolated Mos and DCs were found to be poor stimulators of autologous T cell proliferation, preactivation of DCs, but not of Mos, for 48 h with granulocyte-macrophage CSF led to a 113-fold increase in DC stimulatory capacity. AMLR was inhibited by mAbs against HLA-DR and CD4 molecules, and, in addition, showed a higher dependence on the granulocyte-macrophage CSF-induced up-regulation and/or de novo expression of the costimulatory molecules B7-2 and, in particular, B7-1 as compared with an Ag-specific or allogeneic MLR. Thus, our data suggest that the high density of costimulatory molecules together with MHC class II molecules on competent APCs appear to be the major triggers for the initiation of AMLR.
[Sidnocarb treatment of young schoolchildren with the hyperdynamic syndrome]. (1988)

Fifty children aged 7 to 11 with the hyperdynamic syndrome were under treatment. Sydnocarb proved effective only in cases which did not involve prominent emotional-volitional disorders. Symptom reduction was primarily concerned with motor disinhibition and distractibility. The drug had no effect in treating hyperdynamic syndrome with psychopathology.
GRAFT COPOLYMERS--A NEW TECHNOLOGY (1958)

Radiation production of special plastics may be the basis of a new technology. Changes induced in organic polymers by radiation are generally interpreted in terms of freeradical mechanisms. Methods of grafting with radiation are described. Dielectric properties, tensile strength, and water repellant properties are a few characteristics which may be improved by a grafting technique. (J.S.R.)