gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
pASSWORD tYPOS and How to Correct Them Securely (2016)

We provide the first treatment of typo-tolerant password authentication for arbitrary user-selected passwords. Such a system, rather than simply rejecting a login attempt with an incorrect password, tries to correct common typographical errors on behalf of the user. Limited forms of typo-tolerance have been used in some industry settings, but to date there has been no analysis of the utility and security of such schemes. We quantify the kinds and rates of typos made by users via studies conducted on Amazon Mechanical Turk and via instrumentation of the production login infrastructure at Dropbox. The instrumentation at Dropbox did not record user passwords or otherwise change authentication policy, but recorded only the frequency of observed typos. Our experiments reveal that almost 10% of login attempts fail due to a handful of simple, easily correctable typos, such as capitalization errors. We show that correcting just a few of these typos would reduce login delays for a significant fraction of users as well as enable an additional 3% of users to achieve successful login. We introduce a framework for reasoning about typo-tolerance, and investigate the seemingly inherent tension here between security and usability of passwords. We use our framework to show that there exist typo-tolerant authentication schemes that can get corrections for "free": we prove they are as secure as schemes that always reject mistyped passwords. Building off this theory, we detail a variety of practical strategies for securely implementing typo-tolerance.
The Operation of Electron Tubes at High Frequencies (1940)

Electrons passing from cathode to plate induce charges on all electrodes. When the electron current has an alternating component, induced alternating currents flow to all electrodes including negatively biased grids. These currents may have resistive components because of finite transit time. Calculations of the alternating currents to electrodes in diodes and amplifier tubes and of the resulting impedances are compared and interpreted. Measurements of diode impedances and of the input impedance of amplifier tubes confirm the analysis up to 300 megacycles. Tubes with normal space-charge control show positive input resistance and capacitance change when placed in operation. Tubes whose static characteristics are concave downwards have a negative input resistance and a negative capacitance change. Confirmation is presented by measurements on diodes and on hexodes with current-distribution control. The negative resistances found may produce high-frequency oscillations.
Integrity monitoring in WLAN positioning systems (2009)

Indoor Positioning Systems using WLANs have become very popular in recent years. These systems are spawning a new class of applications like activity recognition, surveillance, context aware computing and location based services. While Global Positioning System (GPS) is the natural choice for providing navigation in outdoor environment, the urban environment places a significant challenge for positioning using GPS. The GPS signals can be significantly attenuated, and often completely blocked, inside buildings or in urban canyons. As the performance of GPS in indoor environments is not satisfactory, indoor positioning systems based on location fingerprinting of WLANs is being suggested as a viable alternative. The Indoor WLAN Positioning Systems suffer from several phenomena. One of the problems is the continual availability of access points, which directly affects the positioning accuracy. Integrity monitoring of WLAN localization, which computes WLAN positioning with different sets of access points is proposed as a solution for this problem. The positioning accuracy will be adequate for the sets which do not contain faulty or the access points which are offline, while the sets with such access points will fail and they will report random and inaccurate results. The proposed method identifies proper sets and identifies the rogue access points using prediction trajectories. The combination of prediction and correct access point set selection provides a more accurate result. This paper discusses about integrity monitoring method for WLAN devices and followed by how it monitors and developing the application on mobile platforms.
Design as you see FIT: system-level soft error analysis of sequential circuits (2009)

Soft errors in combinational and sequential elements of digital circuits are an increasing concern as a result of technology scaling. Several techniques for gate and latch hardening have been proposed to synthesize circuits that are tolerant to soft errors. However, each such technique has associated overheads of power, area, and performance. In this paper, we present a new methodology to compute the failures in time (FIT) rate of a sequential circuit where the failures are at the system-level. System-level failures are detected by monitors derived from functional specifications. Our approach includes efficient methods to compute the FIT rate of combinational circuits (CFIT), incorporating effects of logical, timing, and electrical masking. The contribution of circuit components to the FIT rate of the overall circuit can be computed from the CFIT and probabilities of system-level failure due to soft errors in those elements. Designers can use this information to perform Pareto-optimal hardening of selected sequential and combinational components against soft errors. We present experimental results demonstrating that our analysis is efficient, accurate, and provides data that can be used to synthesize a low-overhead, low-FIT sequential circuit.
HOMENAJE A JOSEFINA MURIEL EN INVESTIGACIONES HISTÓRICAS (2007)

EN RECONOCIMIENTO A SU TRAYECTORIA Y APORTACIONES, EL INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES HISTORICAS ORGANIZO EL CICLO DE CONFERENCIAS 2007 EL HISTORIADOR FRENTE A LA HISTORIA, MUJERES E HISTORIA. HOMENAJE A JOSEFINA MURIEL. EN LA INAUGURACION, ALICIA MAYER, DIRECTORA DEL INSTITUTO, DESTACO LAS CONTRIBUCIONES QUE LA EMERITA UNIVERSITARIA JOSEFINA MURIEL HA HECHO AL QUEHACER HISTORIOGR FICO EN MEXICO, ENTRE MUCHAS RAZONES PORQUE HA ELEGIDO TRABAJAR TEMAS INEDITOS, ORIGINALES, QUE INTERESAN A AMPLIOS SECTORES, Y TODAVIA TIENE MUCHO QUE DAR. ACOMPANADA POR VICENTE QUIRARTE, DIRECTOR DEL INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES BIBLIOGR FICAS, Y DE LA HOMENAJEADA, SENALO QUE CON UNA FORMACION INTEGRAL, PUES REUNE EN SU SABER TEMAS DE HISTORIA DEL ARTE, FILOSOFIA Y CONOCIMIENTO MUSICAL, JOSEFINA MURIEL HA TRANSITADO SIN DESCANSO POR DIVERSOS CAMPOS. SIN EMBARGO, HAY UN CENTRO EN EL QUE GRAVITAN SUS ESTUDIOS: LA MUJER. ASI, LA HISTORIADORA RECONOCE QUE LA CULTURA FEMENINA NOVOHISPANA NADIE LA HABIA ESTUDIADO. PERO POR SUS INVESTIGACIONES Y A LAS CONSIDERACIONES QUE PROPUSO HACE M S DE 60 ANOS, SE CUENTA CON ESPECIALISTAS QUE HAN SEGUIDO SUS PASOS. AL INICIAR EL CICLO CON LA CONFERENCIA MAGISTRAL REINTEGRACION DE LA MUJER CULPADA A LA SOCIEDAD. SIGLOS XVI AL XIX, JOSEFINA MURIEL REFIRIO QUE EN ESE PERIODO LA AUDIENCIA DE LA QUE DEPENDIA LA SALA DEL CRIMEN, EL JUZGADO GENERAL DE LOS NATURALES, FUERON LOS TRIBUNALES ENCARGADOS DE DICTAMINAR LOS DELITOS DE LAS MUJERES Y, DE ACUERDO CON SU CULPABILIDAD, REMITIRLAS A LOS CENTROS PENITENCIARIOS DONDE DEBIAN CUMPLIR SU SENTENCIA. ACLARO QUE AUNQUE EL TRIBUNAL DE LA INQUISICION NO PARTICIPABA EN ESTE TEMA, VARIAS MUJERES FUERON JUZGADAS EN EL Y ENCERRADAS EN SUS C RCELES POR DELITOS CONTRA LA FE Y LA DOCTRINA CRISTIANA, Y POR BRUJERIA. MUJERES COMO FRANCISCA Y LEONOR CARVAJAL E ISABEL RODRIGUEZ FUERON CONDENADAS A MUERTE EN EL SIGLO XVI; Y A LAS BRUJAS Y HECHICERAS QUE DABAN MENJURJES E INVOCABAN AL DEMONIO, COMO MAGDALENA HERN NDEZ Y ANA DE HERRERA, ERAN ENCADENADAS. PREVIO A LA CONFERENCIA, JOSEFINA MURIEL ENTREGO A VICENTE QUIRARTE, PARA QUE LO RESGUARDE LA BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL, UN LIBRO MANUSCRITO DE RELATOS BIOGR FICOS QUE MUJERES INDIGENAS DEL SIGLO XVIII ESCRIBIERON PARA CONSERVAR LA MEMORIA DE NOTABLES INDIAS QUE DESDE DIVERSAS PARTES DE MEXICO LLEGARON AL CONVENTO DE CORPUS. SE APORTA UNA BREVE SEMBLANZA DE LA UNIVERSITARIA HOMENAJEADA.
Lazy Object Passing in Java RMI (2008)

Though often criticized for its inherent synchronization overhead and coupling, the remote method invocation (RMI) paradigm remains one of the most popular abstractions for building distributed applications. Many authors have suggested ways to overcome its drawbacks focusing mostly on the invoker’s perspective, for example by multiplexing invocations to replicated server objects, through “future ” return values, or even by prohibiting return values altogether. The more global perspective, and in particular the invokee side, has conversely only received little attention. In this paper we take a fresh look at the RMI paradigm, elaborating on argument passing semantics. We identify three lazy ways of passing arguments by value, di↵ering by the moment at which the transfer of the arguments synchronizes with the execution of the method body. We present a preliminary library implementation of our argument passing semantics in Java RMI, and illustrate their individual benefits through examples. We characterize analytically and empirically application scenarios which benefit from lazy argument passing.
Acute Hepatic Failure (1993)

The etiology of acute liver failure in patients without pre-existing liver disease varies depending on geographical location. In the United Kingdom, acetaminophen toxicity remains the most common cause while worldwide, viral hepatitis B is the most prevalent cause. The management of patients with acute liver failure requires the application of good basic intensive care -recently, the advent of liver transplantation has widened the therapeutic options available. Careful attention to cardiovascular monitoring and manipulation of hemodynamic variables is required and mechanical ventilation is needed in patients who progress to grade III/IV encepaholopathy. Renal replacement therapy is best achieved using a continuous hemodiafiltration system rather than hemodialysis in patients who present with acute liver failure. The development of cerebral edema is a common and frequently fatal complication, and requires meticulous care involving intracranial pressure monitoring. Patients are functionally immunosupressed and require frequent bacteriological surveillance, the incidence of both bacterial and fungal sepsis being very high. In some patients, such as those with lymphoma presenting as acute liver failure, specific chemotherapeutic regimens may be available. The advent ofliver transplantation has offered a great advance in the management of acute liver failure but requires stringent patient selection such that those patients with a good chance of spontaneous recovery Jo not undergo transplantation, while those with a poor prognosis can be considered.
Dynamic Systems Control: Linear Systems Analysis and Synthesis (1988)

Mathematical Preliminaries Models of Dynamic Systems Properties of State Space Realizations Controllability and Observability Equivalent Realizations and Model Reduction Stability Optimal Control Of Time-Invariant Systems State Estimation Model Error Concepts and Compensation APPENDICES: Axiomatic Definition of a Linear Space The Four Fundamental Subspaces of Matrix Theory Calculus of Complex Vectors and Matrices Solution of the Linear Matrix Equations 0 = AXB Laplace Transforms.
Tetracycline Treatment of Chloroquine-Resistant Falciparum Malaria in Thailand (1972)

Tetracycline hydrochloride was evaluated in asymptomatic and acutely ill subjects naturally infected with chloroquine resistant strains of<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>. Sixteen asymptomatic subjects of whom eight had recently experienced chloroquine treatment failures received 250 mg of tetracycline hydrochloride, four times daily for ten days. A presumptive radical cure was demonstrated in 12. In the other four, treatment was discontinued within 72 hours because of symptomatic development. Acutely ill subjects were assigned to one of two treatment groups. One group received 640 mg of quinine sulfate, three times daily for three days, followed by 250 mg of tetracycline hydrochloride, four times daily for ten days. The other group received a similar course of quinine followed by a conventional course of chloroquine. A presumptive radical cure was demonstrated in 29 of 30 treated with the quinine-tetracycline regimen, and in 15 of 36 treated with the quinine-chloroquine regimen.
DETECTION AND PREDICTION OF RARE EVENTS IN TRANSACTION DATABASES (2007)

Rare events analysis is an area that includes methods for the detection and prediction of events, e.g. a network intrusion or an engine failure, that occur infrequently and have some impact to the system. There are various methods from the areas of statistics and data mining for that purpose. In this article we propose PREVENT, an algorithm which uses inter-transactional patterns for the prediction of rare events in transaction databases. PREVENT is a general purpose inter-transaction association rules mining algorithm that optimally fits the demands of rare event prediction. It requires only 1 scan on the original database and 2 over the transformed, which is considerably smaller and it is complete as it does not miss any patterns. We provide the mathematical formulation of the problem and experimental results that show PREVENT's efficiency in terms of run time and effectiveness in terms of sensitivity and specificity.
Study on open and short end helical antennas with capacitor in series of wireless power transfer using magnetic resonant couplings (2009)

In the technology of wireless power transfer, electromagnetic coupling using resonance can transfer across a large air gap without losing its high efficiency and power. In this technology, the role of antennas is very important. In this paper, magnetic resonant coupling using helical antennas is proposed. The helical antennas are two types- one is open end and the other is short end helical antennas and specifications of these antennas were studied which is related to the efficiency of power transfer wirelessly. The capacitor is installed to antennas in series and parallel is studied. High efficiency power transfer is possible when resonance is in series. The short end helical antennas with a capacitor in series make series resonance which makes resonance frequencies lower than open end helical antennas.
Brachypodium distachyon. A New Model System for Functional Genomics in Grasses (2001)

A new model for grass functional genomics is described based on Brachypodium distachyon, which in the evolution of the Pooideae diverged just prior to the clade of "core pooid" genera that contain the majority of important temperate cereals and forage grasses. Diploid ecotypes of B. distachyon (2n 10) have five easily distinguishable chromosomes that display high levels of chiasma formation at meiosis. The B. distachyon nuclear genome was indistinguishable in size from that of Arabidopsis, making it the simplest genome described in grasses to date. B. distachyon is a self-fertile, inbreeding annual with a life cycle of less than 4 months. These features, coupled with its small size (approximately 20 cm at maturity), lack of seed-head shatter, and undemanding growth requirements should make it amenable to high-throughput genetics and mutant screens. Immature embryos exhibited a high capacity for plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis. Regenerated plants display very low levels of albinism and have normal fertility. A simple transformation system has been developed based on microprojectile bombardment of embryogenic callus and hygromycin selection. Selected B. distachyon ecotypes were resistant to all tested cereal-adapted Blumeria graminis species and cereal brown rusts (Puccinia reconditia). In contrast, different ecotypes displayed resistance or disease symptoms following challenge with the rice blast pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea) and wheat/barley yellow stripe rusts (Puccinia striformis). Despite its small stature, B. distachyon has large seeds that should prove useful for studies on grain filling. Such biological characteristics represent important traits for study in temperate cereals.
Device-Level IoT with Virtual I/O Device Interconnection (2016)

Networked devices in an Internet-of-Things (IoT) environment generally need to be controlled or organized by a central controlling host. These IoT devices are implemented together with a small computer that consists of a central processing unit (CPU), a memory, and input/output (I/O) devices to communicate with this host. The small computer uses its own software network stack for communication. This paper reports our study of another finer-grained IoT in which an IoT device is not implemented with a computer but just an I/O device. The I/O device works as the local device of a remote controlling host and the IoT device is controlled by data communication with the controlling host through the I/O device. Such an IoT system simplifies the internal configuration of an IoT device node and can lower its implementation costs. However, previous methods have required a special hardware interface to their controlling host to connect to a remote I/O device that is implemented together with an IoT device. This paper proposes a novel software virtualization architecture for a controlling host to connect to I/O devices distributed in an Ethernet. It virtualizes a remote I/O device that communicates through the standard network interface card (NIC) of a host as an I/O device that is contained in the I/O device tree of the host. Various kinds of computers ranging from hand-held to rackmount ones are enabled to control remote IoT devices with the installation of the proposed software. In addition, because virtualization is performed in the PCI Express (PCIe) layer, any complying I/O device is remotely interconnected and is driven by its device driver without modifications. The feasibility of the method was studied by evaluating the implemented prototype using a NIC and a storage controller.
Intracranial administration of deglycosylated C-terminal-specific anti-Aβ antibody efficiently clears amyloid plaques without activating microglia in amyloid-depositing transgenic mice (2006)

These findings suggest that the deglycosylated 2H6 is capable of removing both compact and diffuse plaques without activating microglia. Thus, antibodies with reduced effector functions may clear amyloid without concomitant immune activation when tested as immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease.
Role of iron-binding proteins and enhanced capillary permeability on the accumulation of gallium-67. (1980)

We studied the role of the iron-binding proteins transferrin and lactoferrin and of increased capillary permeability on the accumulation of gallium-67 in rabbits. Intramuscular injection of histamine caused accumulation of gallium-67 (injected i.v. as citrate), and of Tc-99m DTPA, at the i.m. injection site. Normal saline and albumin did not. Intramuscular injection of transferrin or lactoferrin similarly caused Ga-67 uptake. No accumulation of Tc-99m DTPA was observed at the site of transferrin injection but there was a slight accumulation at the site of lactoferrin injection. Prior saturation of transferrin or lactoferrin with ferric ion abolished their effect on Ga-67 accumulation. Gallium-67, pre-bound to transferrin vitro, did not accumulate at the site of histamine or transferrin injection, but there was a slight accumulation at the lactoferrin site. Our results suggest that either increased capillary permeability or iron-binding progeins can cause local uptake of Ga-67. Since these factors are present at sites of inflammation, they may contribute to the accumulation of gallium in inflammatory lesions.
Insights into Epoxy Network Nanostructural Heterogeneity Using AFM-IR (2015)

The first direct observation of a chemically heterogeneous nanostructure within an epoxy resin is reported. Epoxy resins comprise the matrix component of many high performance composites, coatings and adhesives, yet the molecular network structure that underpins the performance of these industrially essential materials is not well understood. Internal nodular morphologies have repeatedly been reported for epoxy resins analyzed using SEM or AFM, yet the origin of these features remains a contentious subject, and epoxies are still commonly assumed to be chemically homogeneous. Uniquely, in this contribution we use the recently developed AFM-IR technique to eliminate previous differences in interpretation, and establish that nodule features correspond to heterogeneous network connectivity within an epoxy phenolic formulation.
Mapping rules to convert from ODL to XML-SCHEMA (2003)

As new standards for technology specifications related to XML are unveiled, and stable tools to implement them become available, the widespread usage of XML as a universal format for data exchange between heterogeneous systems (using the Internet), will increasingly become a reality. Therefore, in order to deal efficiently with the large amounts of XML data that will be generated in the near future it is imperative to find efficient alternatives for the storage and management of this special kind of data. For that matter, object-oriented databases seem to be a good alternative. We begin with an analysis of the different alternatives available to store and manage XML data. After that, we concentrate our attention on the object-oriented (OO) database approach and, in that context, we present a first set of rules that allow the translation from a simple database schema specified in ODL (Object Definition Language) into a schema specified in XML-SCHEMA. In the near future we intend not only to expand this set with new rules that will handle other, more complex, OO modeling constructs, but also to create another set of transformation rules to work the other way round (i.e. from XML-SCHEMA to ODL). Our aim is to cover all the possible modeling situations one may come across in OO database schemas specified in ODL.
Omic studies reveal the pathogenic lipid droplet proteins in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2016)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an epidemic metabolic condition driven by an underlying lipid homeostasis disorder. The lipid droplet (LD), the main organelle involved in neutral lipid storage and hydrolysis, is a potential target for NAFLD therapeutic treatment. In this review, we summarize recent progress elucidating the connections between LD-associated proteins and NAFLD found by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genomic and proteomic studies. Finally, we discuss a possible mechanism by which the protein 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 (17β-HSD13) may promote the development of NAFLD.