gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
COLLOIDAL PLATINUM CATALYST FOR LIGHT-INDUCED HYDROGEN EVOLUTION FROM WATER. A PARTICLE SIZE EFFECT (1981)

Abstract Well-dispersed fine and stable colloidal platinum is easily prepared by refluxing the solution of chloroplatinic acid in alcohol (and water) in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) or polyvinylpyrrolidone under air. The catalytic activity of the colloidal platinum for light-induced hydrogen evolution from water depends on the particle size of the platinum indicating the maximum activity for the colloid of about 30 Å in diameter.
Content adaptation framework: bringing the Internet to information appliances (2003)

The deployment of information appliances is predicted to exceed that of personal computers in the next few years. However, due to the wide range of communication, processing, storage and display capabilities of information appliances, the multimedia content on the Internet needs to be adapted before it can be efficiently delivered to these devices. We present content adaptation framework (CAF), a general framework for customizing Internet content for diverse client devices. The system first analyzes the content to be customized. Next, a variety of transcoders generate multi-resolution, multimodal versions of the content. The transcoded versions of the multimedia content are represented in a novel multi-modal, multi-resolution representation hierarchy called the InfoPyramid. Finally, a selection module uses an extended rate-distortion framework to pick the best content versions from the InfoPyramid while meeting the client device characteristics and resources. The content adaptation system can be deployed at various nodes in the Internet topology, such as at the server, at the client device or at an intermediate proxy. We present examples of proxy and server content adaptation systems based on CAF. Based on the content adaptation framework, we present a description scheme for multimedia and Internet content. This description scheme enables universal access to content. It has been proposed to various standards bodies.
Long-term Results of Percutaneous Lumbar Decompression for LSS (2013)

In this report of 2-year follow-up on 45 patients treated with mild percutaneous lumbar decompression, patients experienced statistically significant pain relief and improved functionality.
A Hybrid CAD/CAM System for Mechanical Applications (1982)

The current wire frame and surface modeling based CAD/CAM systems provide productive tools for the mechanical manufacturing industries. Volumetric modeling, distributed processing, 3-dimensional graphic displays, relational data bases, and less expensive, more powerful computers are emerging technologies sure to benefit CAD/CAM applications. The challenge of the 80's is to integrate the proven CAD/CAM techniques of the 70's with these emerging technologies. This paper addresses the issues involved in the integration by presenting the concepts of a Hybrid CAD/CAM system designed for the 80's.
Measuring Medical Students' Preparedness and Skills to Provide Cross-Cultural Care (2017)

Purpose: Cross-cultural education is an integral and required part of undergraduate medical curricula. However, the teaching of cross-cultural care varies widely and methods of evaluation are lacking. We sought to better understand medical students' perspectives on their own cultural competency across the 4-year curriculum using a validated survey instrument. Methods:We conducted an annual Internet-based survey at Harvard Medical School with students in all 4 years of training, for four consecutive years. We used a tool previously validated with residents and slightly modified it for medical students, assessing their (1) preparedness, (2) skillfulness, and (3) perspectives on the educational curriculum and learning climate. Results: Of 2592 possible survey responses, we received 1561 (60% response rate). Fourth-year students had significantly higher scores than first-year students (p<0.001) for all but one preparedness item (caring for transgender patients) and all but one skillfulness item (identifying ability to read/write English). Less than 50% of students felt adequately prepared/skilled by their fourth year on 8 of 11 preparedness items and 5 of 10 skillfulness items. Lack of practical experience caring for diverse patients was the most frequently cited challenge. Conclusions: While students reported that preparedness and skillfulness to care for culturally diverse patients seem to increase with training, fourth-year students still felt inadequately prepared and skilled in many important aspects of cross-cultural care. Medical schools can use this tool with students to self-assess cultural competency and to help guide enhancements to their curricula focusing on cross-cultural care.
Tricritical points in three- and four-component fluid mixtures (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTricritical points in three- and four-component fluid mixturesB. WidomCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1973, 77, 18, 2196–2200Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100637a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100637a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Development of an automated gas adsorption apparatus for the characterization of the surface area, pore size distribution, and density of powdered materials (2001)

An automated apparatus for the characterization of the surface area, pore size distribution, and density of powdered materials is described. A newly developed liquid nitrogen level control system maintains the nitrogen level around the tube containing the sample within ±0.2 mm of the initial predefined level. The dosing volume and pneumatically operated control valves are maintained at 25.00±0.05 °C. Equilibrium pressure is measured with the accuracy of ±0.05% of reading. The apparatus may be operated either in a manual or an automatic mode. The control software developed, using the VISIDAQ Version 3.11 software package, operates involving equilibrium and barometric pressure measurements, opening and closing pneumatically operated valves, and transferring experimental data to MS EXCEL spreadsheets. The subroutines developed within the spreadsheet program plot the adsorption and desorption isotherms, calculate the sample specific surface area and density, and provide αs- and t-plots and mesopore and micropore size distributions. Specific surface areas were defined using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method of analysis. The apparatus accuracy was tested via surface reference materials. These included garnet, kaolinite, and carbon black with quoted multiple-point surface areas of 3.00±0.30, 16.45±0.8, and 113±5 m2/g. Our values were 2.84±0.28, 16.02±0.8, and 110±5 m2/g. Specific surface areas as low as 0.2 m2/g have been reproducibly measured using this apparatus. Results of nitrogen adsorption on activated carbon B1 together with specific surface area determination, evaluation of α-plot, and micro-, and mesopore size distributions are reported. Automatic pressure and flow controllers allow adsorption and desorption isotherm definition either in continuous or in conventional static flow volumetric modes.
An overhead reduction technique for mega-state compression schemes (2002)

Many of the most effective compression methods involve complicated models. Unfortunately, as model complexity increases, so does the cost of storing the model itself. This paper examines a method to reduce the amount of storage needed to represent a Markov model with an extended alphabet, by applying a clustering scheme that brings together similar states. Experiments run on a variety of large natural language texts show that much of the overhead of storing the model can be saved at the cost of a very small loss of compression efficiency.
Machine Guidance Based Site Control Technology (SCT) for Earthwork Equipment Fleet (2015)

Machine Guidance Based Site Control Technology (SCT) for Earthwork Equipment Fleet Jongwon Seo, Hakjune Lee, Leonildo Cassule, Moon Sungwoo Pages 1-5 (2015 Proceedings of the 32nd ISARC, Oulu, Finland, ISBN 978-951-758-597-2, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: In this study, fleet control technology that can maximize coordination between earthwork equipment such as excavators, bulldozers, graders, dump trucks and rollers and a site office is introduced. In order to enhance the performance of bucket and blade based equipment, machine guidance technology is employed. The site office plans and monitors the operation of the entire equipment set based on the communication between the construction control center and individual machines. This study consists of two parts. The first part aims at developing a construction control center (C^3). It is stationed in a site office and produces detailed and energy saving construction plan of earthwork equipment including zoning and path planning considering the characteristics of the site contour, design information and equipment fleet. Earthwork progresses are then monitored based on the communication, comprising the exchange of design and construction information in real time, between C^3and the machine guidance systems installed in the individual machines. The second part is a study on the systemization of guidance technology to provide safe and efficient equipment operation. Keywords: Fleet Management; Machine Guidance; Earthwork; Energy-efficiency; Construction equipment DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2015/0061 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Testing semiconductor chips: trends and solutions (2003)

As system-on-chip (SOC) complexity and the move to very deep submicron (VDSM) technology pushes the threshold of semiconductor technology, conventional test methods become inadequate and costly. This new level of complexity demands that designers alter the way they approach chip development in order to keep up with diminishing time-to-market requirements and stay within budgets. Embedded test enables customers to produce higher-quality products in less time. The use of embedded test raises margins and significantly reduces the time required for system verification test and debug. The speaker will address chip- and board-level signal integrity issues, system architecture design, business (time to market), embedded systems (design considerations for embedded systems, testing real-time systems, systems integration), test (high-density design issues, mixed-signal testing, digital testing issues, test technologies-IDDQ, SCAN, design for testability), SOC integration/test issues-making SOC a reality, and the importance of embedded test and front-end (time to money, quality and cost).
Long term acid suppressing treatment in general practice (1994)

Long term acid suppressing treatment is common, and a substantial number of patients are taking these drugs long term without a diagnosis having been reached. It is hoped that protocols for investigation and treatment will improve these figures. Patients need to be better informed about their disease and the possible adverse effects of taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in acid related upper gastrointestinal disease.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleosides and Nucleotides. Part 114. A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of 3‐Deazapurine Nucleosides from AICA‐Riboside. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Role of CD40-CD154 Interaction in Antiviral T Cell-Independent IgG Responses (2000)

Polyomavirus (PyV) infection elicits protective T cell-independent (TI) IgG responses in T cell-deficient mice. The question addressed in this report is whether CD40 signaling plays a role in this TI antiviral IgG response. Because CD40 ligand (CD40L) can be expressed on numerous cell types in addition to activated T cells, it is possible that cells other than T cells provide CD40L to signal through CD40 on B cells and hence positively influence the antiviral TI IgG responses. In this study we show, by blocking CD40-CD40L interactions in vivo with anti-CD40L Ab treatment in TCR betaxdelta-/- mice and by using SCID mice reconstituted with CD40-/- B cells, that the lack of CD40 signaling in B cells results in a 50% decrease in TI IgG secreted in response to PyV. SCID mice reconstituted with CD40L-/- B cells also responded to PyV infection with diminished IgG secretion compared with that of SCID mice reconstituted with wild-type B cells. This finding suggests that B cells may provide the CD40L for CD40 signaling in the absence of T cell help during acute virus infection. Our studies demonstrate that, although about half of the TI IgG responses to PyV are independent of CD40-CD40L interactions, these interactions occur in T cell-deficient mice and enhance antiviral TI Ab responses.
Positive feedback between PGE2 and COX2 redirects the differentiation of human dendritic cells toward stable myeloid-derived suppressor cells (2011)

Dendritic cells (DCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) show opposing roles in the immune system. In the present study, we report that the establishment of a positive feedback loop between prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), the key regulator of PGE(2) synthesis, represents the determining factor in redirecting the development of CD1a(+) DCs to CD14(+)CD33(+)CD34(+) monocytic MDSCs. Exogenous PGE(2) and such diverse COX2 activators as lipopolysaccharide, IL-1β, and IFNγ all induce monocyte expression of COX2, blocking their differentiation into CD1a(+) DCs and inducing endogenous PGE(2), IDO1, IL-4Rα, NOS2, and IL-10, typical MDSC-associated suppressive factors. The addition of PGE(2) to GM-CSF/IL-4-supplemented monocyte cultures is sufficient to induce the MDSC phenotype and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-suppressive function. In accordance with the key role of PGE(2) in the physiologic induction of human MDSCs, the frequencies of CD11b(+)CD33(+) MDSCs in ovarian cancer are closely correlated with local PGE(2) production, whereas the cancer-promoted induction of MDSCs is strictly COX2 dependent. The disruption of COX2-PGE(2) feedback using COX2 inhibitors or EP2 and EP4 antagonists suppresses the production of MDSC-associated suppressive factors and the CTL-inhibitory function of fully developed MDSCs from cancer patients. The central role of COX2-PGE(2) feedback in the induction and persistence of MDSCs highlights the potential for its manipulation to enhance or suppress immune responses in cancer, autoimmunity, or transplantation.
Protection, monitoring and maintenance of power generators (2002)

Electricite de France uses a large number of electric generators. Incident analyses and experience feedback enable the drawing up of rules concerning protection, monitoring and maintenance of such equipment. This experience shows the usefulness in having three monitoring levels: protection; protection-monitoring; and maintenance-monitoring. The article makes use of different examples which show that these systems must be consistent, in order to define and carry out efficient maintenance operations on electric generators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Raman magnetic resonance (1987)

A method for continuous coherence transfer in magnetic resonance is proposed and demonstrated with real-time detection of a double-quantum NMR coherence. The technique, which has implications for a broad range of magnetic resonance experiments, is related to effects observed in the study of coherent optical transients.
Some Insight into Stability of Amorphous Poly(ethylene glycol) Dimethyl Ether Polymers Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2013)

Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (PEGDME) polymers are widely used as drug solid dispersion reagents. They can cause the amorphization of drugs and improve their solubility, stability, and bioavailability. However, the mechanism about why amorphous PEGDME 2000 polymer is highly stable is unclear so far. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a unique key technique to solve it. In the current work, we systematically investigate structure, aggregate state, and thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors during the phase-transition processes of the PEGDME polymers with different polymerization degree in terms of MD simulations. The melting and glass-transition temperatures of the polymers are in good agreement with experimental values. The amorphous PEGDME2000 exhibits high stability, which is consistent with the recent experiment results and can be ascribed to a combination of two factors, that is, a high thermodynamic driving force for amorphization and a relatively low molecular mobility.
The eotaxins in asthma and allergic inflammation: implications for therapy. (2000)

Evidence is emerging for an important role for the CC chemokines, particularly the eotaxins, in the pathogenesis of asthmatic and allergic inflammation. This article reviews the evidence for this involvement and describes new approaches to therapeutics that are evolving as a result.
Use of Centrifuge for Determining Connate Water, Residual Oil, and Capillary Pressure Curves of Small Core Samples (1951)

Abstract The centrifuge has been found to be an extremely useful tool for determiningcapillary pressure curves and for establishing connate water and residual oilin small core plugs. The use of the centrifuge for determining the propertiesof small core plugs has been discussed in the literature, but practically noexperimental evidence has been presented justifying the use of this method inpreference to other methods (mainly disc method) now in use. Data have beenaccumulated and are now presented demonstrating the advantages of thecentrifugal method, some of which are:rapid establishment of equilibrium,excellent precision yielding very reproducible results,availability ofhigh pressure differences between phases,simple operational procedure, andability to establish connate water, residual oil, or to obtain completecapillary pressure curve in one day or less. A commercially availablecentrifuge capable of speeds up to 3,800 rpm, and a high speed attachmentproviding a maximum rate of rotation of 18,000 rpm were used in this work inconjunction with core holding tubes designed specifically for thisapplication. In view of the outstanding advantages associated with the use of thecentrifuge the conclusion has been drawn that this method should be used inplace of the more tedious, slower, and less reliable disc method fordetermining capillary pressure curves and for establishing connate water andresidual oil in small core plugs. Introduction The need for accurate values of connate water, residual oil, and capillarypressure curves in reservoir engineering has been recognized for many years, and the extent of the effort devoted toward solving these problems is reflectedin the large number of papers which have appeared in the literature during thepast decade. Most of the methods discussed in the recent literature employ aporous disc as a semi-permeable membrane to separate two immiscible phases andmake possible the application of an explicit difference in pressure between twophases in the core. Thus, in the determination of the capillary pressure curvethe wetting phase (water) is displaced by the non-wetting phase (air oroil). Several investigators have used centrifugal forces to develop pressuredifferences between phases. As a result of the first work in this field theconclusion was reached that "the more rapid centrifugal method formeasuring irreducible saturation may have equal value, (compared to use ofdiscs) but more work is required to establish this point." This work wasfollowed in 1945 by a more detailed study in which the concepts of thisexperimental work were more clearly enunciated. A method for calculatingsaturation for any given speed of rotation based on the observed volume ofwater displaced was developed and a wider application of the method wassuggested. T.P. 3052
Mechanism of Pain in Osteoid Osteomas (1965)

The authors believe the nerves which accompany the blood vessels of this lesion are derived from the autonomic nervous system and respond with pain as the result of vascular pressure.
Fan noise reduction - An overview (2001)

Fan noise reduction technologies developed as part of the engine noise reduction element of the Advanced Subsonic Technology Program are reviewed. Developments in low-noise fan stage design, swept and leaned outlet guide vanes, active noise control, fan flow management, and scarfed inlet are discussed. In each case, a description of the method is presented and, where available, representative results and general conclusions are discussed. The review concludes with a summary of the accomplishments of the AST-sponsored fan noise reduction research and a few thoughts on future work.
[Employment of the laser apparatus SL-30 in complex treatment of chronic recurrent herpetic stomatitis]. (2005)

The purpose of the study was the estimation of complex treatment effectiveness of chronic recurrent herpetic stomatitis using portable laser device "Beurer" (Germany). Fifty patients 17 till 55 years of age were investigated. Among them 28 were women and 22 were men. They were divided into two groups. All patients were treated by standard algorithm according to the severity of the disease. In the patients from the second group laser therapy by means of SL-30, 15-30 min per day was administered. After the completion of the course of treatment positive therapeutic effect has been achieved in all patients from the second group. Disappearance of the subjective symptoms and the initiation of the reparative-regenerative processes has occurred much faster in this group which gave us an opportunity to reduce the number of sessions by 5-6 in comparison with the first group. Thus, it was shown that the use of apparatus SL-30 in complex treatment of the chronic recurrent herpetic stomatitis increases the efficiency of the treatment.
Pilot Information Needs for Electronic Data-Driven Charts (2019)

Electronic charting technology is evolving from “fixed” raster-based charts to data-driven charts, in which information elements shown on the chart can be reconfigured during flight. Specifically, we were interested in identifying a set of minimum information requirements for a concept in which pilots brief with a fixed chart showing all information elements but then fly with an electronic chart, which may or may not include all the information elements that were briefed. Two hundred twenty-nine pilots rated the importance of information elements shown on four different types of aeronautical charts. We analyzed the data using one-way chi-square tests to identify a criticality “level” for each information element. This information was then used to identify a “minimum set.” This paper presents an overview of the findings.