gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor SCH66336 Induces Rapid Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic Translation Elongation Factor 2 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells (2005)

Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTI) are a class of therapeutic agents designed to target tumors with mutations of the ras oncogene. However, the biological effect of FTIs is often independent of ras mutation status, which suggests the existence of additional mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the molecular effects of SCH66336, an FTI, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells using proteomic approaches. We showed that SCH66336 induced phosphorylation (inactivation) of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF2), an important molecule for protein synthesis, as early as 3 hours after SCH66336 administration. Protein synthesis was subsequently reduced in the cells. Paradoxically, activation of eEF2 kinase (eEF2K), the only known kinase that regulates eEF2, was observed only at 12 hours after SCH66336 treatment. Consistent with this observation, the inhibition of phosphorylated-MEK and phosphorylated-p70S6K, the two key signaling molecules responsible for activation of eEF2K, also occurred at least 12 hours after SCH66336 administration. Our data suggest that inhibition of protein synthesis through inactivation of eEF2 is a novel mechanism of SCH66336-mediated growth inhibition and that this effect is independent of ras-MEK/p70S6K-eEF2K signaling cascades.
Assessment of Fluxless Solid Liquid Interdiffusion Bonding by Compressive Force of Au-PbSn and Au-SAC for Flip Chip Packaging (2009)

Flip chip packaging faces two primary bonding-process obstacles: flux use and geometry mismatch between die and substrate pad pitch. These obstacles motivated the development of a fluxless bonding method called solid-liquid interdiffusion bonding by compressive force (SLICF). SLICF utilizes a mechanical force to form the bond through solid-liquid interdiffusion with a joint-in-via (JIV) architecture for flip chip packaging. SLICF bonding (also known as thermo-mechanical (TM) bonding) forms an instantaneous bond and eliminates the need for reflow infrastructure. Both Au-PbSn and Au-SAC interconnect systems were studied for the SLICF bonding on the JIV architecture at a 130- mum pitch. The morphologies of Au-PbSn and Au-SAC in solid-liquid interdiffusion were studied with their kinetics measured by the Au consumption rate. The SLIFC bonds for Au-PbSn and Au-SAC were compared and assessed by mechanical shear tests and thermomechanical stresses. Au with PbSn was found to perform marginally better due to its joint geometry and slower kinetics.
Fiber-optic delay lines for microwave signal processing (1976)

Glass fibers can be made with attenuation coefficients as low as 0.4 dB/µs for electromagnetic energy in the 1-µm wavelength region. It is shown that this property, together with the potentially very large bandwidths attainable, could provide for delay lines with time-bandwidth products as high as 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> . The status and limitations of optical fibers are assessed from the delay line viewpoint, and their application to matched filters indicated.
Staphylococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin Type C: Further Characterization (1982)

Staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C was purified by differential precipitation with ethanol and resolubilization in water followed by thin-layer isoelectric focusing. The purified toxin migrated as a homogeneous protein when re-electrofocused in polyacrylamide (isoelectric point, 7.2), when subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (molecular weight, 22,000 daltons), and when reacted against hyperimmune antisera in an Ouchterlony immunodiffusion plate. A 2200-fold purification of the toxin could be obtained. Pyrogenic exotoxin C was elaborated by all of 44 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients with toxic shock syndrome when the strains were tested in a blind manner, but five of 37 control isolates produced toxin (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, all of 91 additional isolates from patients with toxic shock syndrome from diverse geographic locations were positive for toxin. In contrast, 158 of 609 (26%) S. aureus isolates not associated with toxic shock syndrome and one of 22 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates were positive for pyrogenic exotoxin type C. The biological properties of pyrogenic exotoxin C included pyrogenicity, enhancement of susceptibility to endotoxin shock, enhancement of skin reactivity to give a positive Dick reaction, suppressions of IgM synthesis, and nonspecific T-lymphocyte mitogenicity.
Neuro-oncology : primary malignant brain tumours (1990)

The in-vitro biology of human brain tumours, John L.Darling oncogene expression and control of growth in malignant brain tumours, Bengt Westermark et al growth factors and glial cell markers in human malignant brain tumours, Bryn Watkins and Mark Noble management of malignancies of the brain - pathology of experimental brain tumours, Geoffrey J.Pilkington and Peter L.Lantos the classification of intercranial tumours, R.D.Barnard neuroradiological imaging of brain tumours, D.Kingsley in-vivo metabolism of human cerebral tumours, David J.Brooks epidemiology of brain tumours, Ronald McKeran et al clinical manifestations of brain tumours, D.G.T.Thomas and R.O.McKeran advances in surgery for malignant brain tumours, R.Bradford and D.G.T.Thomas brain and spinal cord tumours in children, Jeffery S.Tobias and Richard D.Hayward radiotherapy in the treatment of cerebral astrolytomas, Steven A.Leibel and Glenn E.Sheline chemotherapy for malignant gliomas in adults, Edward J.Dropcho and M.Stephen Mahaley biological responses modifier therapies for patients with malignant gliomas, G.Yancey Gillespie and M.Stephen Mahaley the terminal care of brain tumour patients, Margaret Wheildon and Ronald McKeran.
RedEye: Analog ConvNet Image Sensor Architecture for Continuous Mobile Vision (2016)

Continuous mobile vision is limited by the inability to efficiently capture image frames and process vision features. This is largely due to the energy burden of analog readout circuitry, data traffic, and intensive computation. To promote efficiency, we shift early vision processing into the analog domain. This results in RedEye, an analog convolutional image sensor that performs layers of a convolutional neural network in the analog domain before quantization. We design RedEye to mitigate analog design complexity, using a modular column-parallel design to promote physical design reuse and algorithmic cyclic reuse. RedEye uses programmable mechanisms to admit noise for tunable energy reduction. Compared to conventional systems, RedEye reports an 85% reduction in sensor energy, 73% reduction in cloudlet-based system energy, and a 45% reduction in computation-based system energy.
Simultaneous measurement of the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of unconsolidated materials by the transient hot wire method (1985)

This paper describes a new design for the transient hot wire method that can obtain the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of unconsolidated materials. In this method, the thermal conductivity is determined from the slope of the temperature rise versus time of an electrically heated wire. The temperature rise is detected as the unbalanced voltage of a precision Wheatstone bridge. This voltage is read by a microcomputer via a high-speed analog-to-digital converter. The instrument was designed so that measurements can be taken over a temperature range of 20–200 °C and a pressure range of atmospheric down to 10 mTorr. Tests using glycerin indicate an accuracy of 1% for the conductivity and 6% for the diffusivity and a precision of 0.4% for the conductivity and 4.5% for the diffusivity. Measurements have also been made on materials such as 50-μ glass beads and unconsolidated spent oil shale.
A new QoS-guaranteed multichannel MAC protocol for multihop wireless networks (2003)

This new multichannel medium access control (MAC) protocol for multihop wireless networks can guarantee end-to-end quality of. service (QoS). Conventional IEEE 802.11 DCF can be used for multihop wireless networks because it is based on CSMA/CA, but it can not guarantee QoS. On the other hand, IEEE 802.11 PCF or HiperLAN/2 can guarantee QoS, but it is useful only on single-hop networks. In simulations, the new protocol demonstrated a high throughput with low delay and could support end-to-end QoS in wireless multihop networks.
Permanent Bonding with Polymers (2008)

Many packaging applications for MEMS devices are using a variety of polymer materials. Polymer bonding has many advantages including a high tolerance to surface topography and particles, low cost, and shorter processing times. There are many varieties of polymers to choose from and engineered interfaces can be designed. The processing of the polymer must be reviewed from deposition to final testing to ensure that all functional requirements are met.
An approach to the design of fault-tolerant spatial control system for a large PHWR (2005)

The paper presents the design of spatial control system of a large pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR) with the constraint that the closed loop system be stable even if one output sensor has failed. Linear state models are obtained corresponding to the normal operating condition and different failure modes of the reactor. Each model is found to possess two time scale property. Application of a standard singular perturbation approach decouples the fast varying modes which are ignored to eliminate the stiffness. Thus a reduced model is obtained for each operating mode of the reactor. Convex programming is used to search for an output injection gain which stabilizes all reduced models simultaneously. This output injection gain is then realized simultaneously in all operating modes by a controller based on periodic output feedback.
Lipids in Cruciferae (1968)

Abstract Diploid and tetraploid types of white mustard ( Sinapis alba ) and turnip rape (B rassica campestris ), annual and biennial forms, were grown in Turkey and in Sweden. Seed weight and oil content were measured and fatty acid composition determined by gas chromatography. Polyploidization of all cultivars effected an increase in seed size but did not markedly change the oil percentage or fatty acid composition. Growing conditions in Turkey caused an over‐all decrease in seed size although the oil content was reduced only in the spring Turkish plantings. Fatty acid composition was influenced by the environment to a small but probably significant extent in all cultivars. For Swedish and Turkish winter turnip rape the mean content of oleic acid was 13.7 per cent and 15.8 per cent, of linolenic acid 9.5 per cent and 8.6 per cent, of erucic acid 45.7 per cent and 42.4 per cent, respectively; no consistent differences were observed for linoieic acid. Similar differences were observed for summer turnip rape and white mustard. Thus the warmer and drier Turkish climate favoured a higher oleic acid, lower linolenic and erucic acid content, i.e. a reduction in the per centage of the major end products of fatty acid biosynthesis.
Regulation of the juvenile hormone esterase gene by a composite core promoter (2000)

Transcription from the core promoter of the juvenile hormone esterase gene (-61 to +28) requires the presence of both an AT-rich motif (TATA box) and an initiator motif for any transcription to occur, when assayed by either transcription in vitro with lepidopteran Sf9 nuclear extracts or by transient-transfection assay in Sf9 cells. Additional gel-shift experiments indicated that at least one additional binding site is essential for transcription to occur. Mutational analysis in the transcription-in vitro and cell-transfection assays demonstrated that a 14-bp region from +13 to +27 relative to the transcription start site is also essential for transcription to occur. Whereas the wild-type core promoter is highly transcriptionally active, inclusion of additional flanking sequences to position -212 reduces that activity approx. 100-fold, and inclusion of the 5ʹ region out to position -500 reduces transcription by 200-fold. The pattern of dependence on both the AT-rich motif and the initiator for detectable transcription, and the high innate activity being repressed by 5ʹ-binding factors, was recapitulated in mosquito C7-10 cells. This study demonstrates that the cellular juvenile hormone esterase gene is organized as a composite core promoter, dependent on both TATA-box and initiator-binding factors, an organization that has been more commonly reported for viral promoters. This highly active composite core promoter is made more complex by the absolute dependence on the presence of a third site shortly downstream from the initiator, which is distinct from the ‘downstream promoter element’ described from some TATA-less genes. The juvenile hormone esterase gene thus appears to be a model of a cellular composite core promoter with a multipartite, indispensible requirement for not just both the TATA box and initiator, but also for at least a third core element as well.
Modulating effect of dietary carbohydrate supplementation on Candida albicans colonization and invasion in a neutropenic mouse model (1993)

We studied the effect of dietary carbohydrate supplementation on Candida albicans colonization and invasion of the gastrointestinal tract in a neutropenic mouse model. Mice inoculated with C. albicans were allowed free access to standard chow and drinking water supplemented with either glucose or xylitol or no carbohydrates (control). On days 33 through 36 postinoculation, the mean +/- standard error log10 CFU of C. albicans per gram on the mucosal surface, determined by quantitating CFU dislodged in the first wash of the gastric wall, was significantly higher in mice given the glucose supplement: 7.20 +/- 0.09 (glucose) versus 5.38 +/- 0.28 (xylitol) and 5.11 +/- 0.33 (control) CFU/g (P < or = 0.05 for each comparison by Fisher's protected least-significant-difference test). Fecal cultures also yielded the highest quantities of C. albicans in the glucose group. Invasion of the gastric wall by C. albicans correlated well with surface colonization in glucose-supplemented animals. Eight of 10 mice in this group, all with > 10(6) CFU/g, showed extensive invasive growth, as compared with only 2 of 26 mice in the remaining groups (P = 0.00006 by Fisher's exact test). These results indicate that dietary glucose intake is a key determinant of C. albicans growth in the gastrointestinal tract. The data provide an experimental rationale for clinical trials to decrease the intake of glucose or its utilization by C. albicans in immunocompromised patients.
REVIEWS (2001)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access The Pilgrimage Pattern in Exodus. By MARK S. SMITH, with contributions by ELIZABETH M. BLOCK-SMITH. Pp. 355. (Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, Supplement Series, 239.) Sheffield Academic Press, 1997. ISBN 1 85075 652 x. £40/$66. PHILIP JENSON PHILIP JENSON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume 52, Issue 1, April 2001, Pages 149–151, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/52.1.149 Published: 01 April 2001
Libration of the Hydroxyl Ion in Alkali Halide Crystals (1969)

This paper presents experimental data for a direct absorption band near 300 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ due to the hydroxyl ion in several alkali halides. This excitation is also seen as a combination band 300 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ above the 3600-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ O---H stretching band. The lines are broad, even at helium temperatures, and seem to be Lorentzian. Dichroism induced by a static electric field indicates that the transition dipole moment is perpendicular to the O---H axis. The Devonshire model is unable to explain the O${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$-O${\mathrm{D}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ isotope shifts, and predicts more than the one strong band which is seen. A simple torsional harmonic-oscillator model can explain relatively well the isotope shifts and the oscillator strengths for both the direct librator and the librational sideband. Better agreement can be obtained by assuming some anharmonicity in the angular potential energy and/or assuming a slight displacement of the axis of rotational oscillation from the c.m. The temperature dependence of the linewidths may indicate a coupling between the torsional librational oscillator and the "30-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$" or "non-Devonshire" levels studied earlier.
Precise Gain and Loss Detection Using a Transient Hydraulic Model of the Return Flow to the Pit (2013)

Abstract Abnormal variations of pit volume are a prime indicator of mud losses and formation fluid influxes. However the detection of gain and loss at the pit level can be difficult because of the transient behavior of several components in the hydraulic loop. For instance, during circulation the compressibility of the drilling fluid changes the total volume of mud needed to fill the well compared to static conditions. Similarly, changes of the drilling fluid temperature modify the volume of mud due to its thermal expansion. Furthermore, the transport and separation of cuttings also influences volume variations in the pit. Finally, the retention capacity of some of the mud transport and treatment equipment (e.g., return flow-line, shakers, sand-trap, degasser, transfer pit) has a direct impact on the active pit level. All of these effects are transient and can cause substantial variations of the active pit volume that may be interpreted as gain or loss while they actually have natural origins. Most of these effects are well known and are dealt with in a pragmatic way by using finger printing between the current pit volume variation and a reference pattern obtained in similar drilling conditions. Nevertheless, the finger printing method has its limitations when the current drilling condition variation does not have an obvious reference pattern. In addition, it necessitates a selection of the reference pattern by an operator and therefore is rather difficult to automate. This paper describes in detail a transient hydraulic model of the downhole and surface equipment effects on the pit volume variations. Several use cases are also described including early kick detection with small margins during pump shutdown and detection of tiny gains during draw-down tests used in an MPD (Managed Pressure Drilling) operation.
Light diffusion with gain and random lasers (1996)

In this paper we present calculations on light diffusion with amplification that can explain previous experiments on the spontaneous emission from such a medium. Also we discuss the experimental considerations on realizing a medium that both multiply scatters and amplifies light. In an amplifying random medium different processes can occur. We argue that one can distinguish three regimes depending on the amount of scattering, and discuss these regimes in the context of random laser action. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Reduction of CO with Hydrogen Sulfide. Part 3. Study of Adsorption of O<sub>2</sub>, CO and CO Coadsorbed with H<sub>2</sub>S on Anatase and Rutile Using Auger Electron Spectroscopy and Temperature‐Programmed Desorption. (1986)

Abstract For both O 2 and CO TPD, a single TPD state is observed on anatase while two CO and three O 2 states are observed on rutile.
A Digital Pixel Sensor Array With Programmable Dynamic Range (2005)

This paper presents a digital pixel sensor (DPS) array employing a time domain analogue-to-digital conversion (ADC) technique featuring adaptive dynamic range and programmable pixel response. The digital pixel comprises a photodiode, a voltage comparator, and an 8-bit static memory. The conversion characteristics of the ADC are determined by an array-based digital control circuit, which linearizes the pixel response, and sets the conversion range. The ADC response is adapted to different lighting conditions by setting a single clock frequency. Dynamic range compression was also experimentally demonstrated. This clearly shows the potential of the proposed technique in overcoming the limited dynamic range typically imposed by the number of bits in a DPS. A 64 /spl times/ 64 pixel array prototype was manufactured in a 0.35-/spl mu/m, five-metal, single poly, CMOS process. Measurement results indicate a 100 dB dynamic range, a 41-s mean dark time and an average current of 1.6 /spl mu/A per DPS.
Adaptive Caching in the YouTube Content Distribution Network: A Revealed Preference Game-Theoretic Learning Approach (2015)

Cognitive systems are dynamical systems that adapt their behavior to achieve sophisticated outcomes in nonstationary environments. This paper considers two cognitive aspects regarding the problem of distributed caching with limited capacity in a content distribution network that serves YouTube users with multiple edge servers: first, the theory of revealed preference from microeconomics is used to estimate human utility maximization behavior. In particular, a nonparametric learning algorithm is provided to estimate the request probability of YouTube videos from past user behavior. Second, using these estimated request probabilities, the adaptive caching problem is formulated as a noncooperative repeated game in which servers autonomously decide, which videos to cache. The utility function tradesoff the placement cost for caching videos locally with the latency cost associated with delivering the video to the users from a neighboring server. The game is nonstationary as the preferences of users in each region evolve over time. We then propose an adaptive popularity-based video caching algorithm that has two timescales: The slow timescale corresponds to learning user preferences, whereas the fast timescale is a regret-matching algorithm that provides individual servers with caching prescriptions. It is shown that, if all servers follow simple regret minimization for caching, their global behavior is sophisticated—the network achieves a correlated equilibrium, which means that servers can coordinate their caching strategies in a distributed fashion as if there exists a centralized coordinating device that they all trust to follow. In the numerical examples, we use real data from YouTube to illustrate the results.