gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photovoltaic prognostics and heath management using learning algorithms (2012)

A novel model-based prognostics and health management (PHM) system has been designed to monitor the health of a photovoltaic (PV) system, measure degradation, and indicate maintenance schedules. Current state-of-the-art PV monitoring systems require module and array topology details or extensive modeling of the PV system. We present a method using an artificial neural network (ANN) which eliminates the need for a priori information by teaching the algorithm “good” performance behavior based on the initial performance of the array. The PHM algorithm was tested on two PV systems under test at the Outdoor Test Facility (OTF) at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The PHM algorithm was trained using two months of AC power production. The model then predicted the output power of the system using irradiance, wind, and temperature data. Based on the deviation in measured AC power from the AC power predicted by the trained ANN model, system outages and other faults causing a reduction in power were detected. Had these been commercial installations, rather than research installations, an alert for maintenance could have been initiated. Further use of the PHM system may be able to indicate degradation, detect module or inverter failures, or detect excessive soiling.
Conformance Statements for SMIv2 (1999)

Collections of related objects are defined in MIB modules. It may be
useful to define the acceptable lower-bounds of implementation, along
with the actual level of implementation achieved. It is the purpose of
this document to define the notation used for these purposes.
[STANDARDS-TRACK]
Generating informative paths for persistent sensing in unknown environments (2012)

We present an online algorithm for a robot to shape its path to a locally optimal configuration for collecting information in an unknown dynamic environment. As the robot travels along its path, it identifies both where the environment is changing, and how fast it is changing. The algorithm then morphs the robot's path online to concentrate on the dynamic areas in the environment in proportion to their rate of change. A Lyapunov-like stability proof is used to show that, under our proposed path shaping algorithm, the path converges to a locally optimal configuration according to a Voronoi-based coverage criterion. The path shaping algorithm is then combined with a previously introduced speed controller to produce guaranteed persistent monitoring trajectories for a robot in an unknown dynamic environment. Simulation and experimental results with a quadrotor robot support the proposed approach.
Non-invasive monitoring of brain tissue temperature by near-infrared spectroscopy (2001)

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive technique that is established as a research tool with which to study tissue oxygenation and haemodynamics, particularly in infant brains. In studies of oxygenation, NIRS relies on the oxygen-dependence of the haemoglobin spectrum to determine blood oxygen saturation. Similarly, the temperature- dependence of the tissue water absorption spectrum, due to changes in intermolecular hydrogen bonding, could act as an endogenous indicator of tissue temperature. This thesis describes the development of a methodology to determine in vivo tissue temperature using NIRS, based on the temperature response of the NIR water spectrum. One particular application of this technique is monitoring cerebral temperature in infants suffering from birth asphyxia, a condition in which the brain is deprived of oxygen. It has been shown that cooling the brain by a few degrees has a neuroprotective effect and the potential to prevent long-term damage. In order to assess the efficacy of mild hypothermia, brain temperature must be monitored continuously and non-invasively during the treatment, which is in principle possible with NIRS. Experiments have been performed to accurately characterise the temperature-dependence (in the clinical range) of the NIR water absorption spectrum between 650 and 1050 nm. Measurements of absorption are calibrated against temperature using a range of multivariate fitting techniques. In order to determine tissue temperature from the calibration of the water spectrum, the contribution of absorption to in vivo NIRS measurements must be separated from that of light scattering. Furthermore, absorption due to water must be extracted from the total absorption, which contains contributions from oxy- and deoxyhaemoglobin. A number of different approaches have been explored, including second derivative spectroscopy, non-linear diffusion theory modelling and spatially-resolved techniques. The performance of the tissue prediction algorithms are investigated using temperature-resolved measurements of a tissue phantom and ex vivo and in vivo tissues.
Continuous Monitoring of Chlorophenols in Flue Gas from Waste Incinerators by Liquid Chromatography, (2) GC/MS Confirmation of Concentrations Measured at Municipal Plants by LC/EChD (2004)

都市ごみ焼却炉の排ガス中の塩素数が2および3の11種のクロロフェノール類 (CPs) を凝縮水に捕集して, 高速液体クロマトグラフィ (LC) /電気化学検出器 (EChD) 法により分析する方法の信頼性の確認をした。すなわち, 2箇所 (AおよびB) の都市ごみ焼却施設の3回の調査で採取した凝縮水中のCPsを, 測定精度が高い誘導体化 (CD) -GC/MS法で同時に分析して, それぞれの分析値を比較した。LC/EChDでは8化合物に相当するピークがほぼ定常的に検出されたが, CD-GC/MSで検出できたのは施設Aで4成分, 施設Bで2成分であった。これらのうちで2, 4- (2, 5-) DicPおよび2, 4, 6-TriCPについては, 2種の方法による値が良好な一致を示し, 施設管理などの目的には幅広い範囲 (2～7, 000ng/m3) でLC/EChDの分析値を用い得ることが確認できた。他の成分のうちで, 施設Aの2, 6-DiCPでLC/EChDの値がCD-GC/MSに比較して幾分高い程度で目安としての利用は可能であったが, それ以外のLC/EChDで観測された成分ピークは, 想定したCPs以外のものが主成分と推定された。
COVID-19 with acute cholecystitis: a case report (2020)

The time course of chest CT findings is typical for COVID-19 pneumonia. PTGD is useful for acute cholecystitis in COVID-19 patients. Acute cholecystitis is likely to be caused by COVID-19 .
Finite element modeling of slug tests in an aquifer with stratigraphical and structural heterogeneities (2009)

Abstract Slug interference tests using an array of multilevel active and monitoring wells permit enhanced aquifer characterization. Analyses of these field test data rely on numerical inverse models. In order to provide synthetic data sets and to have a better understanding of the flow mechanisms, we used a three‐dimensional finite element analysis (FEHM) to explore the effects of idealized, stratigraphical (strata) and structural (faults) heterogeneities with low permeability values on the transient head field that is associated with slug tests in an aquifer. Firstly, we tested our model on homogeneous aquifers and the effectiveness of our modeling strategies have been validated via the excellent agreement of our modeling results with those of the semi‐analytical model of Liu & Butler (1995) . In our heterogeneity investigations, we embedded vertical and horizontal zones of lower permeability into a homogenous, isotropic, and confined aquifer to represent low‐permeability faults and strata respectively. A slugged interval is located at the center of the aquifer. Effects of strata thickness and permeability contrast as well as other effects associated with the offset of low‐permeability strata were explored. In particular, modeling results are represented by contour maps of peak travel time and maximum head perturbation of generated hydraulic pulses. Furthermore, various phenomena, such as real‐time matrix diffusion, intermittent matrix–fracture interactions, and faster pulse arrival through a longer flow trajectory, are concretely presented in the snapshots of head perturbations in the aquifer. Our finite element modeling provides useful information for understanding the behaviors of diffusive pressure propagation in an aquifer with stratigraphical and/or structural heterogeneities, and for designing hydraulic tomography to enhance aquifer characterization.
Linear position detector with rod shape electromagnet (1990)

A no-contact, high-speed linear position detector with a very simple structure is described. The detector also has the advantages of small size and light weight. It gives a linear analog signal by a Hall cell and it can be easily attached to a device such as linear motor for precise linear positioning. Its detection characteristic is described, and its available detection range is discussed on the basis of simulation results. Its quick response ability makes the position detector suitable for detecting high-speed linear motion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Different Internalization Pathways of Polymeric Micelles and Unimers and Their Effects on Vesicular Transport (2008)

Efficient entry of synthetic polymers inside cells is a central issue in polymeric drug delivery. Though polymers are widely believed to interact nonspecifically with plasma membrane, we present unexpected evidence that amphiphilic block copolymers, depending on their aggregation state, can distinguish between caveolae- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. A block copolymer of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), Pluronic P85 (P85), below critical micelle concentration (CMC) exists as single molecule coils (unimers) and above CMC forms 14.6 nm aggregated micelles with a hydrophobic PPO core and hydrophilic PEO shell. The internalization pathways of P85 in mammalian cells were elucidated using endocytosis inhibitors and colocalization with endocytosis markers (clathrin-specific antibodies and transferrin for clathrin and caveolin-1-specific antibodies and cholera toxin B for caveolae). Altogether, our results indicate that P85 unimers internalize through caveolae-mediated endocytosis, while P85 micelles internalize through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, at concentrations above 0.01% P85 inhibits caveolae-mediated endocytosis (cholera toxin B), while having little or no effect on the clathrin-mediated endocytosis (transferrin). Selective interaction of Pluronic with caveolae may explain its striking pharmacological activities including inhibition of drug efflux transport, activation of gene expression, and dose-dependent hyperlipidemia.
Hypouricemia, Abnormal Renal Tubular Urate Transport, and Plasma Natriuretic Factor(s) in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (1993)

In AD there is defective tubular urate transport and a plasma natriuretic factor(s). FE sodium and/or FE lithium in rats exposed to plasma of demented patients may differentiate AD from MID and estimate the severity of AD.
Quantitative fluorescence assays using a self-powered paper-based microfluidic device and a camera-equipped cellular phone (2013)

Fluorescence assays often require specialized equipment and, therefore, are not easily implemented in resource-limited environments. Herein we describe a point-of-care assay strategy in which fluorescence in the visible region is used as a readout, while a camera-equipped cellular phone is used to capture the fluorescent response and quantify the assay. The fluorescence assay is made possible using a paper-based microfluidic device that contains an internal fluidic battery, a surface-mount LED, a 2-mm section of a clear straw as a cuvette, and an appropriately-designed small molecule reagent that transforms from weakly fluorescent to highly fluorescent when exposed to a specific enzyme biomarker. The resulting visible fluorescence is digitized by photographing the assay region using a camera-equipped cellular phone. The digital images are then quantified using image processing software to provide sensitive as well as quantitative results. In a model 30 min assay, the enzyme β-D-galactosidase was measured quantitatively down to 700 pM levels. This Communication describes the design of these types of assays in paper-based microfluidic devices and characterizes the key parameters that affect the sensitivity and reproducibility of the technique.
Relative Effectiveness of Reading Intervention Programs for Adults With Low Literacy (2011)

To compare the efficacy of instructional programs for adult learners with basic reading skills below the seventh grade level, 300 adults were randomly assigned to one of three supplementary tutoring programs designed to strengthen decoding and fluency skills, and gains were examined for the 148 adult students who completed the program. The three intervention programs were based on or adapted from instructional programs that have been shown to benefit children with reading levels similar to those of the adult sample. Each program varied in its relative emphasis on basic decoding versus reading fluency instruction. A repeated measures MANOVA confirmed small to moderate reading gains from pre- to post-testing across a battery of targeted reading measures, but no significant relative differences across interventions. An additional 152 participants who failed to complete the intervention differed initially from those who persisted. Implications for future research and adult literacy instruction are discussed.
Differential labeling of free and disulfide-bound thiol functions in proteins (2007)

A method for the simultaneous determination of the number of free cysteine groups and disulfide-bound cysteine groups in proteins has been developed based on the sequential labeling of free and bound thiol functionalities with two ferrocene-based maleimide reagents. Liquid chromatography/electrochemistry/mass spectrometry was used to assign the N-(2-ferroceneethyl)maleimide (FEM) labeled free cysteine functionalities in a tryptic digest mixture, whereas a precursor ion scan enables the detection of peptides with ferrocenecarboxylic acid-(2-maleimidoyl)ethylamide (FMEA) labeled disulfide-bound cysteine groups after reduction. Fragment spectra of the labeled peptides yield an excellent coverage of b-type and y-type ions. The ferrocene labeled cysteines were fragmented as 412 Da (FEM) and 455 Da (FMEA). These fragment masses are significantly higher than unlabeled amino acids or dipeptides and are easily detected. The position of free and disulfide-bound cysteine may therefore be assigned in an amino acid sequence.
The mechanism of lifetime extension due to CuPc injection layer in organic light-emitting diodes (2004)

The remarkable effect on lifetime improvement of copper phthalocianine (CuPc) coated indium tin oxide (ITO) anode of organic light emitting diodes (OLED's) is experimentally well approved. Also known are the electrode morphology, with and without CuPc coating, the energy levels of the used materials, important for charge injection and conduction, the carrier mobility etc. Based on this knowledge we suggest the model that explains the mechanism behind the lifetime improvement. We argue that the charge accumulation at the interface between the CuPc and the hole transport layer is responsible for screening out of the electric field variations leading to current density homogenization across the OLED surface. The variation of the injection field, introduced by electrode roughness, is estimated for typical indium tin oxide morphology used in OLED production. Without the CuPc hole injection layer a substantial current channeling occurs in OLED's, leading to accelerated device degradation.
The aetiology of presbyopia: a summary of the role of lenticular and extralenticular structures. (1995)

Presbyopia is a condition of age rather than ageing and, as such, is devolved from the lamentable situation where the normal age-related reduction in amplitude of accommodation reaches a point when the clarity of vision at near cannot be sustained for long enough to satisfy an individual's requirements. Most of our facility to accommodate has been lost by 55 years-of-age and subsequent deterioration in visual performance at near is attributable to characteristics of senescent vision familiar to the optometrist. Our understanding of the cause of presbyopia has then to be derived principally from our understanding of the mechanism of accommodation in young eyes. Hermann von Helmholtz did much to clarify these mechanisms, but despite much research in the 100 years since his death, there is still no consensus on their precise nature. This paper presents a summary of issues, past and present, which have figured in the literature on the physiology of accommodation and presbyopia, and confirms that the pathophysiology of presbyopia is likely to result from deterioration in structure and function of a number of inter-related tissues. Changes in crystalline lens dimensions with age, the associated change in geometry of zonular attachments, and changes in viscoelastic properties of the lens capsule and lens matrix would, however, appear to be the principal correlates for the onset of presbyopia. Recent models of the biomechanics of accommodation have drawn attention to the feasibility of extralenticular contributions to presbyopia and have examined properties of the elasticity and leverage provided by posterior, anterior and tensile fibre systems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pump Power Loss and Heat Generation in a Pivot Bearing‐Supported Gyro Centrifugal Pump (C1E3) (1996)

Pump power loss is defined as input power that is not used for the output work of the pump. Less pump power loss means a higher pump efficiency. A common opinion is that the pump power loss is closely related to heat generation of the pump, which may affect not only the endurance of pump materials, but also blood damage in a blood pump. In this study, the relationship between pump power loss and heat generation in centrifugal blood pumps was investigated using the pivot-bearing supported Gyro C1E3 pump (C1E3) and Bio-Medicus pump (BP-80) under four different total pressure heat/flow conditions. A single special torque measuring driver motor was used for operating both the C1E3 and BP-80 in the four conditions. The pump power loss was calculated from the measured motor torque and hydraulic power. The changes in blood temperature were measured while the pump was operated at room temperature (25 degrees C) to obtain the following findings: First, the C1E3 caused less pump power loss and less temperature increase in blood than the BP-80 in all clinical simulated conditions that were tested; and second, the pump power loss and heat generation had a linear correlation with temperature rise from 22 to 25 degrees C in both the C1E3 and BP-80. During this period, approximately 30% of the pump power loss was transformed to heat, independent of the centrifugal blood pump type, provided that heat conduction through the pump housing and tubing was negligible during this particular period.
The cleavage and inactivation of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and α2-antiplasmin by reptilase, a thrombinlike venom enzyme (2000)

Reptilase, defibrase and ancrod are thrombin-like venom enzymes that cleave fibrinogen to release fibrinopeptide-A and generate fibrin monomers. Although these enzymes decrease fibrinogen levels in vivo, presumably by enhancing fibrinolytic activity, the mechanism has not been identified. In the present study, we analyzed their effects on the inhibitors of fibrinolysis. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was cleaved at its C-terminus by reptilase and lost its specific activity. α2-Antiplasmin (α2-AP) was cleaved both at the Pro19-Leu20 peptide bond and at its C-terminus by reptilase, and also lost its specific activity. The apparent second-order rate constants (mol/l per min per Batroxobin unit) were 0.22 for the cleavage of PAI-1 (3.2 μmol/l) and 0.19 for that of α2AP (6.4 μmol/l), which were approximately 200-fold lower than that (47.0) for the cleavage of fibrinogen (1.1 μmol/l). Neither defibrase nor ancrod cleaved and inactivated these inhibitors. Only reptilase enhanced euglobulin clot lysis in vitro at high concentration, due probably to PAI-1 inactivation. Since all these three enzymes enhance fibrinolysis similarly during defibrination therapy, the neutralization or inactivation of the inhibitors of fibrinolysis appeared not to represent the main mechanism for the enhancement.
Time and location based summarized PageRank calculation of Web pages (2014)

Web page pre-fetching techniques are used to address the access latency problem of the Internet. In order to perform successful pre-fetching, a page ranking model is required pre-compute the next set of pages that are likely to be accessed by users. The PageRank algorithm is used to compute the importance of a set of Web pages based on their link structure, number of hit, time and area or location based. Some factors are adopted to personalize PageRank, so that it favors the pages that are more important to users. This research wok presents an improved PageRank algorithm that computes the PageRank values of the Web pages more precisely based on time and location based analysis.
User Preference Based Environment Provisioning in Cloud (2015)

Background/Objectives: The main aim of this project is to check the compatibility of the web application with the cloud service composition and to build a virtual machine (Instance) for deployment and various preferences of users (User Input). Methods/Statistical Analysis: Self configurable virtual environment is designed with openstack. User can select the server configuration from the application front end. Java layer will be used to check user pefered configuration with the images available in cloud repository. Jcloud Api will be interact with openstack to configure and start the server. Application provided by the users will be automatically deployed on the cloud server configured. Cloud service providers wants the users to provide the configuration details of server and charge them according to the configuration per hour. Proposed framework request the user to enter the cost and suggest the servers available for the cost provided. Results: Proposed framework will save more cost spent on cloud Infrastructure, since the users get their servers for the cost they specify. Moreover automated application deployment in the framework makes the application deployment on the server simple and easy. Keywords: Application Deployment on Cloud Environment, Cloud, Environment Provisioning, IAAS, Pay as You Use, Technical Challenges
Rat Prolactinoma Cell Growth Regulation by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Ligands (2008)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) regulates pituitary development, hormone synthesis, and cell proliferation. Although ErbB receptor family members are expressed in pituitary tumors, the effects of EGF signaling on pituitary tumors are not known. Immunoprecipitation and Western blot confirmed EGF receptor (EGFR) and p185(c-neu) protein expression in GH3 lacto-somatotroph but not in adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting AtT20 pituitary tumor cells. EGF (5 nmol/L) selectively enhanced baseline ( approximately 4-fold) and serum-induced (>6-fold) prolactin (PRL) mRNA levels, whereas gefitinib, an EGFR antagonist, suppressed serum-induced cell proliferation and Pttg1 expression, blocked PRL gene expression, and reversed EGF-mediated somatotroph-lactotroph phenotype switching. Downstream EGFR signaling by ERK, but not phosphoinositide-3-kinase or protein kinase C, mediated the gefitinib response. Tumors in athymic mice implanted s.c. with GH3 cells resulted in weight gain accompanied by increased serum PRL, growth hormone, and insulin growth factor 1. Gefitinib decreased tumor volumes and peripheral hormone levels by approximately 30% and restored normal mouse body weight patterns. Mice treated with gefitinib exhibited decreased tumor tissue ERK1/2 phosphorylation and down-regulated tumor PRL and Pttg1 mRNA abundance. These results show that EGFR inhibition controls tumor growth and PRL secretion in experimental lacto-somatotroph tumors. EGFR inhibitors could therefore be useful for the control of PRL secretion and tumor load in prolactinomas resistant to dopaminergic treatment, or for those prolactinomas undergoing rare malignant transformation.