gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel 2-fold Interpenetrating Diamondoid Coordination Polymers:  [Cu(3,3‘-bipyridine)<sub>2</sub>]X (X= BF<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>, PF<sub>6</sub><sup>-</sup>) (1997)

Linking tetrahedral Cu(I) centers with bent, bridging, nonchelating 3,3‘-bipyridine ligands results in the formation of a three-dimensional extended structure. Interestingly, there is sufficient void space within this coordination framework to allow the interpenetration of a second, identical network, as indicated by the diagram (copper atoms are spheres, and the bent cylinders represent bipyridine ligands). The only interactions between the dark and light “adamantane-like” cages are aromatic stacking contacts between twisted bipyridine rings on different networks.
A Novel Hyper-Spectral Imaging System : Application on in-vivo Detection and Grading of Cervical Precancers and of Pigmented Skin Lesions (2001)

We present a novel Hyper-Spectral Imaging (HySI) System capable of acquiring and real time displaying of 5nm specrtal images, with 2nm tuning step, in the range of 400nm-1000nm. Synchronized spectral scanning and image storing enables the collection of a stack of calibrated spectral images, from which a fully resolved spectrum per image pixel can be calculated and displayed. We also present results from a pilot use of the developed HySI system as a research tool, in an attempt to develop novel, non-invasive diagnostic methods for the detection and grading of cervical precancers and of pigmented skin lesions. In the case of cervical diagnosis we have succeeded to detect in vivo, quantitatively assess and map alterations in tissue structure and functionality, associated with progress of the disease, with high sensitivity and specificity. In the case of pigmented skin areas, near infrared spectral analysis and imaging of melanin-rich spots show that they become transparent at certain imaging wavelengths and that the transparency wavelength increases with the melanin content and the lesion’s depth. This information can be used for the in vivo quantitative assessment of the later, which is considered to be of great diagnostic and predictive value.
Confining windows inter-process communications for OS-level virtual machine (2009)

As OS-level virtualization technology usually imposes little overhead on virtual machine start-up and running, it provides an excellent choice for building intrusion/fault tolerant applications that require redundancy and frequent invocation. When developing Windows OS-level virtual machine, however, people will inevitably face the challenge of confining Windows Inter-Process Communications (IPC). As IPC on Windows platform is more complex than UNIX style OS and most of the programs on Windows are not open-source, it is difficult to discover all of the performed IPCs and confine them. In this paper, we propose three general principles to confine IPC on Windows OS and a novel IPC confinement mechanism based on the principles. With the mechanism, for the first time from the literature, we successfully virtualized RPC System Service (RPCSS) and Internet Information Server (IIS) on Feather-weight Virtual Machine (FVM). Experimental results demonstrate that multiple IIS web server instances can simultaneously run on single Windows OS with much less performance overhead than other popular VM technology, offering a good basis for constructing dependable system.
Mechanistic Insights of Zn<sup>2+</sup> Storage in Sodium Vanadates (2018)

Abstract Rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) with high safety and low‐cost are highly desirable for grid‐scale energy storage, yet the energy storage mechanisms in the current cathode materials are still complicated and unclear. Hence, several sodium vanadates with NaV 3 O 8 ‐type layered structure (e.g., Na 5 V 12 O 32 and HNaV 6 O 16 ·4H 2 O) and β‐Na 0.33 V 2 O 5 ‐type tunneled structure (e.g., Na 0.76 V 6 O 15 ) are constructed and the storage/release behaviors of Zn 2+ ions are deeply investigated in these two typical structures. It should be mentioned that the 2D layered Na 5 V 12 O 32 and HNaV 6 O 16 ·4H 2 O with more effective path for Zn 2+ diffusion exhibit higher ion diffusion coefficients than that of tunneled Na 0.76 V 6 O 15 . As a result, Na 5 V 12 O 32 delivers higher capacity than that of Na 0.76 V 6 O 15 , and a long‐term cyclic performance up to 2000 cycles at 4.0 A g −1 in spite of its capacity fading. This work provides a new perspective of Zn 2+ storage mechanism in aqueous ZIB systems.
Alix and ALG-2 Are Involved in Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1-induced Cell Death (2008)

Alix/AIP1 regulates cell death in a way involving interactions with the calcium-binding protein ALG-2 and with proteins of ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport). Using mass spectrometry we identified caspase-8 among proteins co-immunoprecipitating with Alix in dying neurons. We next demonstrated that Alix and ALG-2 interact with pro-caspase-8 and that Alix forms a complex with the TNFalpha receptor-1 (TNF-R1), depending on its capacity to bind ESCRT proteins. Thus, Alix and ALG-2 may allow the recruitment of pro-caspase-8 onto endosomes containing TNF-R1, a step thought to be necessary for activation of the apical caspase. In line with this, expression of Alix deleted of its ALG-2-binding site (AlixDeltaALG-2) significantly reduced TNF-R1-induced cell death, without affecting endocytosis of the receptor. In a more physiological setting, we found that programmed cell death of motoneurons, which can be inhibited by AlixDeltaALG-2, is regulated by TNF-R1. Taken together, these results highlight Alix and ALG-2 as new actors of the TNF-R1 pathway.
Deletion of 7q31.1 supports involvement of <i>FOXP2</i> in language impairment: Clinical report and review (2007)

We report on a young male with moderate mental retardation, dysmorphic features, and language delay who is deleted for 7q31.1-7q31.31. His full karyotype is 46,XY,der(7)del(7)(q31.1q31.31)ins(10;7)(q24.3;q31.1q31.31)mat. This child had language impairment, including developmental verbal dyspraxia, but did not meet criteria for autism according to standardized ADOS testing. Our patient's deletion, which is the smallest reported deletion including FOXP2, adds to the body of evidence that supports the role of FOXP2 in speech and language impairment, but not in autism. A reported association between autism and deletions of WNT2, a gene also deleted in our patient, is likewise not supported by our case. Previously, fine mapping with microsatellites markers within in a large three-generation family, in which half the members had severe specific language impairment, aided the localization of the SPCH1 locus to 7q31 within markers D7S2459 (107.1 Mb) and D7S643 (120.5 Mb). Additionally, chromosome rearrangement of 7q31 and mutational analyses have supported the growing evidence that FOXP2, a gene within the SPCH1 region, is involved with speech and language development. It is unclear however whether the AUTS1 (autistic spectrum 1) locus, highly linked to 7q31, overlaps with the SPCH1 and FOXP2.
High performance millimeter-wave microstrip circulator for deep space communications (2002)

High-performance microstrip circulators in the Ka-band that utilizes new ferrite substrates and temperature stable magnets have been developed. A special resonator configuration was analyzed, modeled, and optimized. The circulators have isolation and return loss of greater than 17 dB, and an insertion loss of less than 0.6 dB. Test results indicated almost no performance variations over the temperature range of -30 to +60 degrees C.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A RESEARCH NOTE CHEMICAL CHANGES IN <i>HELIANTHUS ANNUUS</i> AND <i>EUCALYPTUS LANCEOLATUS</i> HONEY DURING STORAGE (2000)

ABSTRACT A comparison between changes in hydroxymethylfurfural, pH, total acidity and free acids content in Helianthus annuus and Eucalyptus lanceolatus honey heated under different conditions during storage was made. Storage duration showed the most pronounced effect on hydroxymethylfurfural content followed by temperature and heating duration for both types of honey. Total acidity and free acids content was higher in Helianthus annuus honey than in Eucalyptus lanceolatus honey. Total acidity and free acids content increased and pH decreased in both the honey types during heating and storage. However, storage duration showed the most pronounced effect on these parameters.
Theoretical analysis of complex-conjugate-ambiguity suppression in frequency-domain optical-coherence tomography (2008)

New phase-shifting techniques have recently been proposed to suppress the complex-conjugate ambiguity in frequency- domain optical-coherence tomography. A phase shift is introduced, in an elegant fashion, by incorporating a small beam offset at the scanning mirror. The tomogram is then computed by using a combination of Hilbert and Fourier transforms. This is a marked deviation from the conventional approaches, wherein each A-scan is reconstructed independently of the others. In this paper, we formulate the problem in a signal processing framework and provide theoretical proofs for maximal and partial suppression of complex-conjugate ambiguity. To supplement the theoretical derivations, we provide experimental results on in vivo measurements of a human finger nail.
High-Resolution Four-Dimensional <sup>1</sup>H−<sup>13</sup>C NOE Spectroscopy using Methyl-TROSY, Sparse Data Acquisition, and Multidimensional Decomposition (2005)

An approach for recording four-dimensional (4D) methyl (1)H-(13)C-(13)C-(1)H NOESY spectra with high resolution and sensitivity is presented and applied to Malate Synthase G (723 residues, 82 kDa). Sensitivity and resolution have been optimized using a highly deuterated, methyl-protonated sample in concert with methyl-TROSY, sparse data sampling in the three indirect dimensions, and 4D spectral reconstruction using multidimensional decomposition (MDD). A sparse data acquisition protocol is introduced that ensures that sufficiently long indirect acquisition times can be employed to exploit the decreased relaxation rates associated with methyl-TROSY, without increasing the duration of the 4D experiment beyond acceptable measurement times. In this manner, only a fraction ( approximately 30%) of the experimental data that would normally be needed to achieve a spectrum of high resolution is acquired. The reconstructed 4D spectrum is of similar resolution and sensitivity to three-dimensional (3D) (13)C-edited NOE spectra, is straightforward to analyze, and resolves ambiguities that emerge when 3D data sets only are considered.
Chromaffin Cell F-actin Disassembly and Potentiation of Catecholamine Release in Response to Protein Kinase C Activation by Phorbol Esters Is Mediated through Myristoylated Alanine-rich C Kinase Substrate Phosphorylation (2001)

The large majority of chromaffin vesicles are excluded from the plasma membrane by a cortical F-actin network. Treatment of chromaffin cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate produces disassembly of cortical F-actin, increasing the number of vesicles at release sites (Vitale, M. L., Seward, E. P., and Trifaró, J. M. (1995) Neuron 14, 353-363). Here, we provide evidence for involvement of myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS), a protein kinase C substrate, in chromaffin cell secretion. MARCKS binds and cross-links F-actin, the latter is inhibited by protein kinase C-induced MARCKS phosphorylation. MARCKS was found in chromaffin cells by immunoblotting. MARCKS was also detected by immunoprecipitation. In intact or permeabilized cells MARCKS phosphorylation increased upon stimulation with 10(-7) m phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. This was accompanied by cortical F-actin disassembly and potentiation of secretion. MARCKS phosphorylation, cortical F-actin disassembly, and potentiation of Ca(2+)-evoked secretion were inhibited by a peptide (MARCKS phosphorylation site domain sequence (MPSD)) with amino acid sequence corresponding to MARCKS phosphorylation site. MPSD was phosphorylated in the process. A similar peptide (alanine-substituted phosphorylated site domain) with four serine residues of MPSD substituted by alanines was ineffective. These results provide the first evidence for MARCKS involvement in chromaffin cell secretion and suggest that regulation of cortical F-actin cross-linking might be involved in this process.
Size‐Selective Olefin Hydrogenation by a Pd Nanocluster Provided in an Apo‐Ferritin Cage (2004)

Deep penetration by substrates through the size-restricted channels of an apo-ferritin cage results in size-selective olefin hydrogenation at the Pd nanocluster core (see picture). The encapsulated zero-valent cluster is synthesized in situ by chemical reduction of PdII ions in the apo-ferritin cage.
Rapid response non-destructive inspection robot for condition assessment of critical water mains (2018)

© 2018 Australasian Robotics and Automation Association. All rights reserved. This paper presents a robotic system that is able to rapidly assess the wall thickness of a cement lined cast iron (CI) water main pipe during the short time interval between a pipe failure and its repair. Wall thickness measurement through a cement lining of unknown depth is achieved using a sensor based on the pulsed eddy current (PEC) technique. Sensor geometry is selected such that remaining wall thickness' up to 20mm can be reliably measured. A six arm mechanism incorporating inbuilt compliance allows contact between the sensors and cement lining to be maintained even when the cement lining thickness is non-uniform; which is typically the case with in-situ lined pipes. A cart capable of navigating debris and steps transports the sensing mechanism through the pipe and also ensures it is positioned concentrically within a range of pipe sizes. Descriptions of the sensing strategy, sensor mechanism, driving cart and the robot control system are presented together with results from actual in-field pipe deployments to demonstrate effectiveness of the developed system.
Direct peptide profiling by mass spectrometry of single identified neurons reveals complex neuropeptide-processing pattern. (1994)

A novel strategy combining peptide fingerprinting of single neurons by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, molecular cloning, peptide chemistry, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to study the intricate processing pattern of a preprohormone expressed in identified neurons, the neuroendocrine light yellow cells (LYCs) of the gastropod mollusc, Lymnaea stagnalis. The cDNA encoding the precursor, named prepro-LYCP (LYCPs, light yellow cell peptides), predicts a straightforward processing into three peptides, LYCP I, II, and III, at conventional dibasic processing sites flanking the peptide domains on the precursor. However, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry of single LYCs revealed trimmed variant peptides derived from LYCP I and II. The variants were much more abundant than the intact peptides, indicating that LYCP I and II serve as intermediates in a peptide-processing sequence. Using the molecular masses of the peptides as markers to guide their isolation by well established purification methods, the structural identities of the peptides could be confirmed by amino acid sequencing. Furthermore, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry could detect colocalization of a novel peptide with the LYCPs.
Rotational Isomers of the 1-Fluoro-2-haloethanes (1968)

The infrared spectra of 1-chloro-2-fluoroethane, 1-bromo-2-fluoroethane, and 1-fluoro-2-iodoethane have been obtained in the solid, liquid, and vapor states. Raman spectra of the liquids are also presented. A complete vibrational-frequency assignment has been made for each of the molecules. The results indicate that the gauche isomer is the more stable in the liquid state whereas the trans form is more stable in the vapor. Enthalpy differences have been determined for each of the molecules in the liquid and vapor states except for gaseous 1-fluoro-2-iodoethane.
Psychosocial Stress, Catecholamines, and Essential Fatty Acid Metabolism in Rats (1994)

To examine the effects of psychosocial stress and the "stress hormone," epinephrine, on essential fatty acid metabolism in rats, two studies were conducted. In the first, the effects of four weeks of (i) social isolation and (ii) group housing (control) on liver microsomal delta 6 and delta 5 n-6 desaturase activity were studied in group-reared male normotensive (Wistar Kyoto) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats (n = 5/group). The second study examined the effects of acute ip epinephrine (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/kg) 6 hr prior to and following an ig dose (4 g/kg) of safflower oil (rich in 18:2n-6, LA) on plasma and liver LA, 20:4n-6 (AA), and LA/AA ratios in adult essential fatty acid deficient Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6/group). In the first experiment, isolation stress significantly inhibited the activity of delta 6 (P < 0.05) and delta 5 (P < 0.01) desaturase in the normotensive rats and of delta 5 desaturase in the SHR (P < 0.05). In the second study, epinephrine increased plasma and liver LA at doses 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg in most of the fractions examined, and suppressed AA levels. The response of the LA/AA ratio to epinephrine varied between tissues and among lipid fractions, but increased this ratio at the moderate doses (2.0-4.0 mg/kg) of epinephrine in most cases. These data suggest that psychosocial stressors are capable of inhibiting the rate limiting steps of essential fatty acid metabolism and that this response is more pronounced in the SHR than in the Wistar Kyoto. They also suggest that epinephrine is capable of altering the in vivo metabolism of essential fatty acids in the rat.
Actinomadura yumaensis sp. nov. (1985)

A new species of Actinomadura, for which we propose the name Actinomadura yumaensis, was isolated from a soil sample from Yuma County, Ariz. Whole-cell hydrolysates contain the meso isomer of diaminopimelic acid and the sugar madurose; thus, the cell wall composition type is type III. No nitrogenous phospholipids are present (type PI). Spores are formed in short spiral chains on branched, almost verticillate sporophores. The spores are ovoid and have smooth surfaces. This microorganism produces the polyether ionophore antibiotic X-14868A and is characterized by grayish yellow to dark yellowish brown substrate mycelium, white aerial hyphae (when produced) with light gray spores, and yellowish to greenish soluble pigments. Glucose, maltose, sucrose, and trehalose are the only sugars that support good growth on ISP medium 9. The type strain of A. yumaensis is strain LL-C23024 (= NRRL 12515).
Optimal geometry toward uniform current density electrodes (2011)

Electrodes are commonly used to inject current into the human body in various biomedical applications such as functional electrical stimulation, defibrillation, electrosurgery, RF ablation, impedance imaging, and so on. When a highly conducting electrode makes direct contact with biological tissues, the induced current density has strong singularity along the periphery of the electrode, which may cause painful sensation or burn. Especially in impedance imaging methods such as the magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography, we should avoid such singularity since more uniform current density underneath a current-injection electrode is desirable. In this paper, we study an optimal geometry of a recessed electrode to produce a well-distributed current density on the contact area under the electrode. We investigate the geometry of the electrode surface to minimize the edge singularity and produce nearly uniform current density on the contact area. We propose a mathematical framework for the uniform current density electrode and its optimal geometry. The theoretical results are supported by numerical simulations.
Synthesis and regulation of C1 inhibitor in human skin fibroblasts. (1989)

Proteins of the C1 complex, C1q, C1r, and C1s, of the classical pathway of complement activation are known to be synthesized in human skin fibroblasts. Using metabolic labeling with [35S]methionine, immunoprecipitation, and SDS-PAGE, we demonstrate that human skin fibroblasts synthesize and secrete C1 inhibitor with an apparent molecular mass of 78 kDa in the cell lysate and 102 kDa in the extracellular medium. This C1 inhibitor had the capacity to bind activated C1s. Fibroblasts synthesized 30- to 50-fold more C1 inhibitor than was synthesized in monocytes. As previously reported, fibroblasts also synthesized C1r and C1s. IFN-gamma, IFN-beta 1, and TNF had significant, but distinct, effects on synthesis of C1 inhibitor, C1r, and C1s. Incubation of the cells with IFN-gamma, 1000 U/ml, for 24 h induced increases in the synthesis of C1 inhibitor, C1r, and C1s by 4.2-, 1.9- and 1.6-fold, respectively. IFN-beta 1 had effects similar to IFN-gamma, although smaller in magnitude. TNF, 12.5 ng/ml, induced increases in the synthesis of C1 inhibitor, C1r, and C1s by 1.5-, 1.4- and 2.6-fold. IL-1, IFN-beta 2 (IL-6), and LPS did not affect synthesis of C1 inhibitor, C1r, or C1s. Fibroblasts are present in large amounts in most tissues. Synthesis of C1 inhibitor, C1r, and C1s by these cells could provide a source of these important proteins in body tissues. In addition, fibroblasts should be a good model for the in vitro study of genetic diseases involving the synthesis of these proteins.
Babesiosis (2003)

We present 2 atypical cases of babesiosis and a review of babesiosis. The first patient was a 72-year-old man with an intact spleen, who had marked intravascular hemolysis. His RBCs were parasitized heavily with trophozoites of Babesia, and he had a large number of extracellular aggregates of Babesia. The infection did not respond to oral antibiotic therapy, and he required an RBC exchange transfusion. The second patient was a 29-year-old man who had undergone splenectomy and who had multiple episodes of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms for 4 months, with partial response to antibiotics. Thin smears revealed both intraerythrocytic and extraerythrocytic forms in very low numbers. The infection responded promptly to clindamycin and quinine therapy. The varying clinical manifestations, from acute to chronic, at a wide range of ages and often the difficulty of detection by routine blood smears make it necessary that a high index of clinical suspicion be present for prompt diagnosis. With increasing numbers of cases of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis being reported, protection of the blood supply is essential.
Studies on Thermal Decomposition of Plastic Wastes (II) (1974)

There have been many new developments concerning the studies on the pyrolysis of plastic wastes. Our investigation was that the plastic wastes were converted into the fuel oil or monomers of plastics. The plant was consisted essentially of a steel tube with a single screw and an electric furnace, a condensing and scrubbing train for the product recovery, and gas-metering and sampling devices.The experiments in which the high boiling point oil (or residne) in the pyrolysis products or waste lubricating oil were mixed with the waste plastics and then pyrolized at 400-600°C were carried out. We called this process the solvent method. The following results were obtained.This solvent method was well suited to the thermal decomposition of polyolefins or polystyrene and the manufacture of gasoous fuel and fuel oil or the monomer of of plastics. The gaseous product in the pyrolysis of polyolefins at 500-57°C showed about 10-35wt% yields and it contained olefins at 60-80wt%. In the case of polystyrene, about 50-70wt% of styrene were recovered as monomer. The higher boiling oils were been able to recycle to the feed of pyrolysis as solvent.