gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biology and Chemistry of Jerusalem Artichoke: Helianthus tuberosus L. (2007)

Introduction: An Underutilized Resource Nomenclature, Origin and History Nomenclature for Helianthus tuberosus L. Origin History Classification, Identification, Distribution Classification Identification Distribution Plant Morphology and Anatomy Aboveground Plant Parts Belowground Plant Parts Morphological Differences between Cultivars and Clones Chemical Composition and Inulin Chemistry Tuber Composition Occurrence of Inulin in Plants Composition, Structure and Properties of Inulin and Inulin Oligomers Analysis of Inulin Composition Inulin Extraction, Isolation, Purification, Fractionation, Drying and Storage Sources of Inulin Uses for Native and Fractionated Inulin Microbial and Enzymatic Modification of Inulin Chemical Modification of Inulin Value in Human and Animal Diets In Human Diets In Animal Diets Biomass and Biofuel Biomass Direct Combustion Biological Conversion Genetic Resources, Breeding, and Cultivars Breeding Programs Cytology Interspecific Hybrids Controlled Crosses Traditional Breeding Breeding Techniques Flowering Time Manipulation Irradiation Selection Criteria Selection Sequence Heritability of Important Traits Transgenic Plants Genetic Resources Cultivars and Clones Propagation Tubers Rhizomes Tissue culture Slips Cuttings Seed Developmental Biology, Resource Allocation, and Yield Developmental Stages Photosynthesis Respiration Assimilate Allocation Strategy Carbon Transport Sink Strength in Relation to Allocation Assimilate Allocation and Redistribution Fructan Metabolism Additional Metabolic Pathways Molecular Genetics Yield Growth Analysis and Modeling Environmental Factors Affecting Yield Production Factors Affecting Yield Pollinators, Pests and Diseases Insect Pollinators Insect Pests Molluscs, Nematodes and Other Pests Fungal, Bacterial and Viral Diseases Agronomic Practices Planting Date Planting Weed Control Fertilization Irrigation Harvesting and Handling Storage Storage Options Storage Conditions Storage Losses Alterations in Composition during Storage Controlled Atmosphere Storage Irradiation Economics Crop Production and Storage Biofuel Production Inulin Future Prospects for Utilizing Jerusalem Artichoke Appendix Patents
Pipelined implementation of recursive filter (2003)

If the input to a pipeline depends on its previous output, poor hardware utilization can result because the required output is not immediately available. In a recursive filter, the output at the nth sampling instance, y(n), depends on its previous output, y(n-1). Thus, pipeline implementation of recursive filter may result in poor hardware utilization if the dependency problem is not resolved. This problem can be solved by substitution. However, unsuitable substitution can lead to instability. The stability of pipelined recursive filter is investigated, and substitution strategies that produce stable filters are presented. The use of complex conjugate pole-zero pairs is discussed, and roundoff noise is considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Isolation of a Gallic Acid-producing Microorganism with Sake Cake Medium and Production of Gallic Acid (1993)

Journal Article Isolation of a Gallic Acid-producing Microorganism with Sake Cake Medium and Production of Gallic Acid Get access Junko Kawakubo, Junko Kawakubo Division of Science of Biological Resources, The Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho, Kobe 657, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hiroshi Nishira, Hiroshi Nishira Division of Science of Biological Resources, The Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho, Kobe 657, JapanMinatogawa Women’s College, Yotsutsuji, Sanda, Hyogo 669–13, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kenji Aoki, Kenji Aoki Division of Science of Biological Resources, The Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho, Kobe 657, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ryu Shinke Ryu Shinke Division of Science of Biological Resources, The Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho, Kobe 657, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Volume 57, Issue 8, 1 January 1993, Pages 1360–1361, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.1360 Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Received: 21 December 1992 Published: 01 January 1993
Low Power Design of High Performance Memory Access Architecture for HDTV Decoder (2007)

To improve memory access efficiency and to reduce power consumption in HDTV video decoders, we propose a novel memory address mapping method and an efficient memory accessing architecture. The memory address mapping enables a computation-free memory address generation from the logical address of the data word in a video frame. The simple address generation is achieved by combining neighboring macroblocks into groups and stores the group of macroblocks in the same row of the external memory. By grouping suitable macroblocks, depending on interlaced or progressive scanning, we significantly reduce the cross-row memory accessing in the external memory, which is both time consuming and power consuming. In the memory accessing architecture, we rearrange the access order of luminance and chrominance data in motion compensations to further reduce the number of row changes of the external memory. Our analysis shows that the number of row changes is reduced by 87.67% and throughput of our memory-accessing scheme is improved by 30.91% compared to conventional approaches.
Simple System for Isothermal DNA Amplification Coupled to Lateral Flow Detection (2013)

Infectious disease diagnosis in point-of-care settings can be greatly improved through integrated, automated nucleic acid testing devices. We have developed an early prototype for a low-cost system which executes isothermal DNA amplification coupled to nucleic acid lateral flow (NALF) detection in a mesofluidic cartridge attached to a portable instrument. Fluid handling inside the cartridge is facilitated through one-way passive valves, flexible pouches, and electrolysis-driven pumps, which promotes a compact and inexpensive instrument design. The closed-system disposable prevents workspace amplicon contamination. The cartridge design is based on standard scalable manufacturing techniques such as injection molding. Nucleic acid amplification occurs in a two-layer pouch that enables efficient heat transfer. We have demonstrated as proof of principle the amplification and detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) genomic DNA in the cartridge, using either Loop Mediated Amplification (LAMP) or the Exponential Amplification Reaction (EXPAR), both coupled to NALF detection. We envision that a refined version of this cartridge, including upstream sample preparation coupled to amplification and detection, will enable fully-automated sample-in to answer-out infectious disease diagnosis in primary care settings of low-resource countries with high disease burden.
Speech Enhancement by Wavelet Packet Transform with Best Fitting Regression Line in Various Noise Environments (2006)

In this paper, we suggest a speech enhancement method which can be applied in various noise environments. This method uses a wavelet packet transform (WPT) and a best fitting regression line (BFRL) in order to accurately estimate parameters for the spectral subtraction method based on the time-varying gain function. It should be noted that our method does not use the statistical information of pause region detected by voice activity detector. The evaluation is performed on various environments where the noisy speech are between SNR -5 ∼ 15 dB, in various noises. We compare the performance of the proposed method, with that of magnitude spectral subtraction in WPT and nonlinear magnitude spectral subtraction in WPT. We can see that the performance of the proposed method is better than that of any other methods, with regard to objective test (segmental SNR, weighted spectral slope), spectrogram analysis, and subjective one (mean opinion score). Especially, our method showed reliable result even at low SNR.
An RFID based autonomous indoor tour guide robot (2012)

This paper describes a radio frequency identification (RFID) and sonar-guided tour guide robot, CATE (Central's Automated Tour Experience). The portable terminal unit is an embedded system equipped with an RFID reader for localization, and sonar and IR sensors for obstacle detection and avoidance. CATE can guide the visitor through a predefined tour of the building, or create a new route on-the-fly. While in predefined tour mode, CATE completes the tour by avoiding obstacles using sonar and infrared sensor input. It will also provide audio and video information through an onboard computer, and can collect feedback from the user through a touch screen display. CATE has been successfully implemented and is under final stages of testing.
Mrgprd Enhances Excitability in Specific Populations of Cutaneous Murine Polymodal Nociceptors (2009)

The Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor D (Mrgprd) is selectively expressed in nonpeptidergic nociceptors that innervate the outer layers of mammalian skin. The function of Mrgprd in nociceptive neurons and the physiologically relevant somatosensory stimuli that activate Mrgprd-expressing (Mrgprd(+)) neurons are currently unknown. To address these issues, we studied three Mrgprd knock-in mouse lines using an ex vivo somatosensory preparation to examine the role of the Mrgprd receptor and Mrgprd(+) afferents in cutaneous somatosensation. In mouse hairy skin, Mrgprd, as marked by expression of green fluorescent protein reporters, was expressed predominantly in the population of nonpeptidergic, TRPV1-negative, C-polymodal nociceptors. In mice lacking Mrgprd, this population of nociceptors exhibited decreased sensitivity to cold, heat, and mechanical stimuli. Additionally, in vitro patch-clamp studies were performed on cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons from Mrgprd(-/-) and Mrgprd(+/-) mice. These studies revealed a higher rheobase in neurons from Mrgprd(-/-) mice than from Mrgprd(+/-) mice. Furthermore, the application of the Mrgprd ligand beta-alanine significantly reduced the rheobase and increased the firing rate in neurons from Mrgprd(+/-) mice but was without effect in neurons from Mrgprd(-/-) mice. Our results demonstrate that Mrgprd influences the excitability of polymodal nonpeptidergic nociceptors to mechanical and thermal stimuli.
Experimental demonstration of 10 Gb/s NRZ extended dispersion-limited reach over 600 km-SMF link without optical dispersion compensation (2006)

We demonstrate an extended dispersion-limited reach of 600 km at 10 Gb/s with a conventional NRZ transmitter in the absence of optical dispersion compensation. The novel approach combines a new type of spectral channel narrowing and electronic processing based on a reduced complexity Viterbi algorithm at the receiver.
Mutational Analysis of the <i>Nor</i> Gene Cluster which Encodes Nitric‐Oxide Reductase from <i>Paracoccus denitrificans</i> (1996)

The genes that encode the hc-type nitric-oxide reductase from Paracoccus denitrificans have been identified. They are part of a cluster of six genes (norCBQDEF) and are found near the gene cluster that encodes the cd1-type nitrite reductase, which was identified earlier [de Boer, A. P. N., Reijnders, W. N. M., Kuenen, J. G., Stouthamer, A. H. & van Spanning, R. J. M. (1994) Isolation, sequencing and mutational analysis of a gene cluster involved in nitrite reduction in Paracoccus denitrificans, Antonie Leeu wenhoek 66, 111-127]. norC and norB encode the cytochrome-c-containing subunit II and cytochrome b-containing subunit I of nitric-oxide reductase (NO reductase), respectively. norQ encodes a protein with an ATP-binding motif and has high similarity to NirQ from Pseudomonas stutzeri and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and CbbQ from Pseudomonas hydrogenothermophila. norE encodes a protein with five putative transmembrane alpha-helices and has similarity to CoxIII, the third subunit of the aa3-type cytochrome-c oxidases. norF encodes a small protein with two putative transmembrane alpha-helices. Mutagenesis of norC, norB, norQ and norD resulted in cells unable to grow anaerobically. Nitrite reductase and NO reductase (with succinate or ascorbate as substrates) and nitrous oxide reductase (with succinate as substrate) activities were not detected in these mutant strains. Nitrite extrusion was detected in the medium, indicating that nitrate reductase was active. The norQ and norD mutant strains retained about 16% and 23% of the wild-type level of NorC, respectively. The norE and norF mutant strains had specific growth rates and NorC contents similar to those of the wild-type strain, but had reduced NOR and NIR activities, indicating that their gene products are involved in regulation of enzyme activity. Mutant strains containing the norCBQDEF region on the broad-host-range vector pEG400 were able to grow anaerobically, although at a lower specific growth rate and with lower NOR activity compared with the wild-type strain.
A Convenient Synthesis of 3-Aryl-2-Methyl-3,4-Dihydro-1(2<i>H</i>)-Isoquinolones and -1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines (2000)

Abstract A new methodology for the synthesis of 3-aryl-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-isoquinolin-l-ones and 3-aryl-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines is reported.
Mining User Generated Content (2014)

© 2014 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. Originating from Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, and many other networking sites, the social media shared by users and the associated metadata are collectively known as user generated content (UGC). To analyze UGC and glean insight about user behavior, robust techniques are needed to tackle the huge amount of real-time, multimedia, and multilingual data. Researchers must also know how to assess the social aspects of UGC, such as user relations and influential users. Mining User Generated Content is the first focused effort to compile state-of-the-art research and address future directions of UGC. It explains how to collect, index, and analyze UGC to uncover social trends and user habits. Divided into four parts, the book focuses on the mining and applications of UGC. The first part presents an introduction to this new and exciting topic. Covering the mining of UGC of different medium types, the second part discusses the social annotation of UGC, social network graph construction and community mining, mining of UGC to assist in music retrieval, and the popular but difficult topic of UGC sentiment analysis. The third part describes the mining and searching of various types of UGC, including knowledge extraction, search techniques for UGC content, and a specific study on the analysis and annotation of Japanese blogs. The fourth part on applications explores the use of UGC to support question-answering, information summarization, and recommendations.
Cloning, Expression, and Regulation of a Glucocorticoid-Induced Receptor in Rat Brain: Effect of Repetitive Amphetamine (2001)

Behavioral sensitization to psychostimulants involves neuroadaptation of stress-responsive systems. We have identified and sequenced a glucocorticoid-induced receptor (GIR) cDNA from rat prefrontal cortex. The full-length GIR cDNA encodes a 422 amino acid protein belonging to G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Although the ligand for GIR is still unknown, the dendrogram construction indicates that GIR may belong to peptide receptor subfamily (e.g., substance P receptor), with more distant relationship to subfamilies of glycoprotein hormone receptors (e.g., thyrotropin receptor) and biogenic amine receptors (e.g., dopamine receptor). GIR shares 31-34% amino acid identity to the tachykinin receptors (substance P receptor, neurokinin A receptor, and neurokinin B receptor). GIR mRNA is expressed preferentially in brain, and its neuronal expression is relegated to limbic brain regions, particularly in forebrain. GIR transcript levels are increased significantly and persistently in prefrontal cortex for 7 d after discontinuation of chronic amphetamine exposure. The induction of GIR expression by amphetamine is associated with augmented behavioral activation. These findings suggest that modulation of GIR expression may be involved in behavioral sensitization, and GIR may play a role at the interface between stress and neuroadaptation to psychostimulants.
58.4: A Novel Handling Method of Ultra‐Thin Flexible Glass Substrate for Thin and Flexible Displays (2013)

Abstract A novel handling method of ultra‐thin flexible glass substrate (UTFGS) for thin and/or flexible displays is proposed. A rigid glass carrier‐attached UTFGS (UTFGS module) with no adhesive layer is proposed for its good thermal and chemical durability. These UTFGS module can be processed through conventional display manufacturing process, such LCDs or OLEDs, and also can be mechanically and easily detached from the carrier substrate. Therefore this method enables to manufacture fragile, thin and flexible displays using conventional manufacturing equipment for LCDs or OLEDs, without chemical and/or mechanical thinning of thick display‐cells and also without using of roll‐to‐roll process equipment for manufacturing of flexible displays.
Radiolabeled somatostatin analog scintigraphy in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. (1995)

These results show promise for exploration of insular thyroid carcinoma and suggest that these carcinomas may possess functional differentiation features, including somatostatin receptors.
On the feasibility of wearable exotendon networks for whole-hand movement patterns in stroke patients (2016)

Fully wearable hand rehabilitation and assistive devices could extend training and improve quality of life for patients affected by hand impairments. However, such devices must deliver meaningful manipulation capabilities in a small and lightweight package. In this context, this paper investigates the capability of single-actuator devices to assist whole-hand movement patterns through a network of exotendons. Our prototypes combine a single linear actuator (mounted on a forearm splint) with a network of exotendons (routed on the surface of a soft glove). We investigated two possible tendon network configurations: one that produces full finger extension (overcoming flexor spasticity), and one that combines proximal flexion with distal extension at each finger. In experiments with stroke survivors, we measured the force levels needed to overcome various levels of spasticity and open the hand for grasping using the first of these configurations, and qualitatively demonstrated the ability to execute fingertip grasps using the second. Our results support the feasibility of developing future wearable devices able to assist a range of manipulation tasks.
Digitally encoded optical pulse generation from an integrated DBR laser-modulator (2002)

Summary form only given. We demonstrate a novel modulation scheme in which both data-encoding and pulse generation are achieved using a single integrated semiconductor laser/modulator. Data-encoded, near-transform limited 66 ps pulses are obtained at 2.5 Gbit/s and BER performance is reported.
Ensuring performance measurement integrity in logistics using blockchain (2018)

Information and communication technology has been a positive dynamic force behind improving performance. Simultaneously enabling digital business ecosystems to become an increasingly popular concept for modelling and building distributed systems in heterogeneous, decentralized and open environments. These business solutions have created an opportunity for automated business relations and transactions as well as implementing blockchain based performance measurement systems (PMS), allowing PMS to be more advanced giving validation and verification of received data hence the indicators. This paper evaluates feasibility of blockchain based PMS for logistics industry. Today the performance of supply chain stakeholders including transport logistics is lacking transparency and restraining innovative digital improvements towards a connected, smart and efficient ecosystem. Current public blockchains are not feasible for given use case due to limited throughput, and transaction cost. In this paper we have evaluated different technological alternatives and found several new developments that make blockchain technology suitable for ensuring logistics sector performance measurement integrity. Validated indicators can add trustworthiness and visibility to management and process improvement decisions, as well as be subject to smart contracts and monetary transactions.
Voltage‐Controlled Nonvolatile Molecular Memory of an Azobenzene Monolayer through Solution‐Processed Reduced Graphene Oxide Contacts (2013)

The solution-processed fabrication of an azobenzene (ABC10) monolayer-based nonvolatile memory device on a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) electrode is successfully accomplished. Trans--cis isomerizations of ABC10 between two rGO electrodes in a crossbar device are controlled by applied voltage. An rGO soft-contact top electrode plays an important role in the conformational-change-dependent conductance switching process of an ABC10 monolayer.
The effect of external nutrient resources on the population dynamics of zooxanthellae in a reef coral (1989)

Abstract Experiments were done to determine if ammonium, phosphate and feeding on Artemia nauplii affected the population density of symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) in the Red Sea coral Stylophora pistillata. Corals were incubated for 14 days under natural sunlight at reduced intensity in running seawater aquaria. The seawater was continuously spiked to give final concentrations of either 20 μM ammonium or 2 μM phosphate, or both. A second set of similarly treated corals was also fed Artemia nauplii daily. Population density of zooxanthellae in corals spiked with ammonium, or ammonium plus phosphate, approximately doubled, and the ratio of zooxanthellae carbon: nitrogen decreased. Phosphate supplementation alone had no effect. The increase in zooxanthellae numbers was linearly proportional to the increase in protein in zooxanthellae, suggesting that availability of inorganic nitrogen leads to increased protein synthesis in zooxanthellae. Feeding on Artemia alone or together with phosphate had no effect on the population density of zooxanthellae. Feeding on Artemia and ammonium produced a small increase in population density but it was not statistically significant. The small effect could be due to insufficient influx of ammonium in fed animals, or growth of both animal and algae resulting in little or no net change in the population density of zooxanthellae. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the growth of zooxanthellae in S. pistillata from the Red Sea is nitrogen limited.
Feasibility Study for Single Platform Airborne FDOA and TDOA Estimation With Unknown Source (2016)

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is a well studied topic and used in many different applications. Although it is usually based on time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) of coherent signals, it is sometimes possible to also use frequency-difference-of-arrival (FDOA). By combining TDOA and FDOA a more reliable estimate of the DOA can be obtained. This can be useful in military applications such as reconnaissance and surveillance where the objective is to locate unknown transmitters. It is however not always possible to obtain accurate TDOA and FDOA estimates. In this study the conditions for this are examined for the airborne case when the receivers are on the same aerial vehicle. A method for simulating and estimating TDOAs and FDOAs is also presented. The results are based on simulations with three different signal types and conditions are found for which accurate TDOA and FDOA estimation can be achieved. These conditions are obtained from the Cramér-Rao bounds for TDOA and FDOA. It is shown that FDOA can in some cases yield a higher accuracy in the DOA estimate than what is possible with TDOA.