gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Studies on the Four Repetitive Fc-Binding Regions in Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus (1977)

The covalent structures of the four highly homologous Fc-binding regions in protein A, regions D, A, B, and C, have been studied by enzymic fragmentations of previously isolated fragments originating from these regions and subsequent isolation of the generated peptides by ion-exchange chromatography, molecular-sieve chromatography, high-voltage paper electrophoresis and paper chromatography. The complete sequence of region B was elucidated by combining the results of Edman degradations on isolated fragment B peptides with the previously reported N-terminal sequence of the same fragment. Furthermore, Edman degradations of fragment D, A and C peptides differing from the region B sequence provided the structures of subregions not identical to corresponding subregions within region B. Thus, it is possible to propose a highly probable covalent structure for the N-terminal 27000-molecular-weight portion of protein A responsible for the IgG-Fc-binding activities. However, it was not possible to assign the activities to specific structures within the regions. The sequence data indicate that not only mutual homology between the four regions exists, but also internal homologies within the regions. Furthermore, the data strongly supports the hypothesis of a stepwise gene fusion procedure being involved in the evolution of the protein.
Blockade of PD-1/B7-H1 interaction restores antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses in HCV core transgenic mice (47.8) (2007)

Abstract Impaired CD8+ T cells have been implicated to play a role in the establishment of HCV persistent infection. HCV has evolved multiple strategies to avoid T cell responses. HCV core protein has been shown to contain immunomodulatory functions. To determine HCV core-mediated regulation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses in vivo, a transgenic mouse where the expression of core protein is directed to the liver using the albumin (Alb) promoter was generated. Using this HCV core transgenic murine model system, we demonstrated that core-expressing mice failed to clear adenovirus-LacZ (Ad-LacZ) infection in the liver. Particularly, the generation of Ad-LacZ specific CD8+ T cells was impaired in the liver of HCV core transgenic mice having suppression of the production of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha by CD8+ T cells and alteration of the production of the cytolytic protease, granzyme-B. Interestingly, HCV core transgenic mice exhibited enhanced expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1 by Ad-LacZ specific CD8+ T cells and its ligand B7-H1 following Ad-LacZ infection. Importantly, blockade of the PD-1/B7-H1 inhibitory pathway using a B7-H1 blocking antibody in core transgenic mice enhances effector function of CD8+ T cells and clearance of Ad-LacZ-infected cells. It suggests that the regulation of the PD-1/B7-H1 inhibitory pathway is crucial for HCV core-mediated impaired T cell responses and viral persistence/maintenance. Also, these findings implicate that manipulation of PD-1/B7-H1 pathway may be a potential immunotherapy to enhance effector T cell responses during persistent infection.
Molecular heterogeneity of murine mast cell Fc gamma receptors. (1990)

Fc gamma R expressed by mouse mast cells were characterized as functional binding sites, as membrane proteins, and as products of the two genes known to encode murine Fc gamma RII. Peritoneal mast cells, bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC), and the mastocytoma cells P815 were found to bear trypsin-resistant, 2.4G2+, low-affinity receptors binding mouse monoclonal IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b, i.e., Fc gamma RII. BMMC and P815 Fc gamma RII appeared as heterogeneous membrane proteins that, when deglycosylated, had m.w. corresponding to those of the three known products of the alpha and beta Fc gamma R genes, and differed by their respective contents in BMMC and P815 cells. Heterogeneous Fc gamma R transcripts were also found in BMMC and in P815 RNA. P815 cells contained alpha, beta 1, and beta 2 Fc gamma R transcripts, whereas BMMC contained alpha and beta 1 Fc gamma R transcripts. These data disclose an unexpected molecular heterogeneity of murine mast cell Fc gamma R. Although they appear as a single population of receptors when viewed by external ligands, mast cell Fc gamma R comprise three Fc gamma RII subtypes, encoded by the three known transcripts of the alpha and beta Fc gamma R genes, and differing by their intracytoplasmic portion. The different distributions of Fc gamma RII transcripts and corresponding Fc gamma RII subtypes in different types of mast cells may be determinant for triggering the various biologic activities of these cells.
Hybrid MCG and ECG approach to medical diagnosis in human heart (1994)

This paper proposes one of the novel approaches for human heart diagnosis. Synchronizing with blood pressure pulse, it is possible to measure the electrocardiogram as well as the magnetocardiogram. Taking a gradient of electric potentials of the electrocardiogram yields an electric field vector arrow map. Similarly, taking a rotation of the magnetocardiogram yields an electric current density vector arrow map. Taking a correlation of both maps, it is possible to estimate the electric power density distribution in the human heart. Finite elements (FEM) simulation of this power density distribution shows that the power density distribution corresponds to the electrical conducting path. Thus, it is possible to examine the human heart condition, because most of the human heart problems is caused by the electrical conducting path defect.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Plasmon surface polariton dispersion by direct optical observation (1980)

Simple optical techniques are described for the direct visual observation of the plasmon surface polariton dispersion curve, ω vs κ, and of the shift in the dispersion curve from overcoatings of different thicknesses. To see the dispersion curve, a collimated beam of white light is dispersed by a prism, and then focused by a cylindrical lens onto the base of a second prism coated with a thin metal film. With this arrangement the attenuated total reflection spectrum is obtained with all the visible frequencies spatially resolved. The shift of the dispersion curve for coatings of different thicknesses is illustrated in a separate experiment using a specially constructed Langmuir wedge. This demonstrates the usefulness of plasmon surface polaritons for monitoring coatings with thicknesses of the order of nanometers.
Epidemiological investigation of the prevalence of von Willebrand's disease (1987)

To evaluate the prevalence of von Willebrand's disease (vWd) we carried out an epidemiological investigation among school children of the Veneto region in northern Italy. A total of 1,218 of 1,281 possible children participated in the study. They were 11 to 14 years of age, and all attended secondary schools in two distinct small areas, 70 km apart, between which there is no social contact. A blood sample was taken from each subject for determination of the blood group and von Willebrand factor (vWf) level (measured as ristocetin cofactor and expressed in IU/dL after calibration of the internal pool against an international standard), and the parents were given a questionnaire concerning hemorrhagic symptoms in the members of the family in the last three generations. Separate normal ranges were calculated for blood group O and non-O subjects (1,166 children and 289 adults) with a nonparametric method because the distribution curves of the reference values did not fit the gaussian distribution. Diagnoses of vWd were considered only for children who had low vWf levels and were members of a family with a convincing bleeding history (case of “probable vWd”). A final diagnosis was assigned if, in addition to these criteria, at least one other family member on the side with hemorrhagic history had a low vWf level. Of the 1,218 children examined, ten were classified as having vWd (0.82%). Taking into account the 90% confidence interval for the lower limit of the normal range, this figure could range from 7 (0.57%) to 14 (1.15%). All these subjects were mildly to moderately affected and presented features of heterozygous classic vWd (type I). Affected subjects were distributed evenly in the two areas examined. Our results suggest that the prevalence of vWd might be much higher than previously reported and that a different screening approach might be of use for patients with mild bleeding diathesis.
Selected Methods for Increasing the Accuracy of Vehicle Lights Detection (2019)

The paper presents selected methods for improving the accuracy of classification of headlights and taillights of the vehicles. The methods include analyzing blob properties and locations of the detections. A new feature for describing binary blob shape has been proposed. Moreover, data augmentation technique has been used to improve the results of the classification. The referenced system is based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). New solutions have been tested with comprehensive set of video sequences (of total duration exceeding ten hours) under various weather conditions and from different road types.
Ring-like pore structures of SecA: Implication for bacterial protein-conducting channels (2003)

SecA, an essential component of the general protein secretion pathway of bacteria, is present in Escherichia coli as soluble and membrane-integral forms. Here we show by electron microscopy that SecA assumes two characteristic forms in the presence of phospholipid monolayers: dumbbell-shaped elongated structures and ring-like pore structures. The ring-like pore structures with diameters of 8 nm and holes of 2 nm are found only in the presence of anionic phospholipids. These ring-like pore structures with larger 3- to 6-nm holes (without staining) were also observed by atomic force microscopic examination. They do not form in solution or in the presence of uncharged phosphatidylcholine. These ring-like phospholipid-induced pore-structures may form the core of bacterial protein-conducting channels through bacterial membranes.
Structure Prediction of Partial-Length Protein Sequences (2013)

Protein structure information is essential to understand protein function. Computational methods to accurately predict protein structure from the sequence have primarily been evaluated on protein sequences representing full-length native proteins. Here, we demonstrate that top-performing structure prediction methods can accurately predict the partial structures of proteins encoded by sequences that contain approximately 50% or more of the full-length protein sequence. We hypothesize that structure prediction may be useful for predicting functions of proteins whose corresponding genes are mapped expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that encode partial-length amino acid sequences. Additionally, we identify a confidence score representing the quality of a predicted structure as a useful means of predicting the likelihood that an arbitrary polypeptide sequence represents a portion of a foldable protein sequence ("foldability"). This work has ramifications for the prediction of protein structure with limited or noisy sequence information, as well as genome annotation.
[Tropical spastic paraparesis in Martinique. High prevalence of anti-HTLV-I antibodies]. (1986)

Owing to the frequent occurrence in tropical countries of subacute spinal cord diseases of unknown origin, a nosological entity called tropical spastic paraparesis has been individualized. Twenty-two cases have been observed in Martinique. The presence in the serum of antibodies directed against human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV-I) in 15 of these 22 patients suggests that this lymphotropic virus or a related one might also be neurovirulent.
Structure-Odour Correlation. Part XXII. Jasmone Analogues (1996)

For a comparison of the olfactory properties jasmone 1 and its prenyl analogue 2 were prepared by analogous routes. Both isomers 3 and 4 with an inverted substitution pattern were prepared from the brominated cyclopentenone 7 via protection (→ 8), alkylation (→ 9, 10) and deprotection. Olfactory evaluation showed that both jasmone isomers 2 and 3 where only one molecular parameter (structure or position of the side chain) is changed, exhibit a typical jasmone odour, but weaker in strength. The cyclopentenone 4 where both of these parameters are changed possesses different tonalities.
Strain-Dependent Augmentation of Tight-Junction Barrier Function in Human Primary Epidermal Keratinocytes by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Lysates (2013)

In this study, we investigated whether probiotic lysates can modify the tight-junction function of human primary keratinocytes. The keratinocytes were grown on cell culture inserts and treated with lysates from Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus fermentum, or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. With the exception of L. fermentum (which decreased cell viability), all strains markedly enhanced tight-junction barrier function within 24 h, as assessed by measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). However, B. longum and L. rhamnosus GG were the most efficacious, producing dose-dependent increases in resistance that were maintained for 4 days. These increases in TEER correlated with elevated expression of tight-junction protein components. Neutralization of Toll-like receptor 2 abolished both the increase in TEER and expression of tight-junction proteins induced by B. longum, but not L. rhamnosus GG. These data suggest that some bacterial strains increase tight-junction function via modulation of protein components but the different pathways involved may vary depending on the bacterial strain.
How Safe Are School and Park Playgrounds (2005)

Playgrounds traditionally have been found in both schools and parks in America. Each year, parent-teacher associations and school administrations, as well as park and recreation departments, spend millions of dollars to provide playground structures. However, since 1981, HPER professionals and the public have become increasingly aware that these structures can also lead to injuries in children and pose a liability to the owner and operator of the play equipment. More than 200,000 children are injured annually in playground-related incidents that are serious enough for them to seek medical attention (Tinsworth and McDonald, 2001). Within the elementary school setting, 80 percent of injuries that occur at school happen on the playground (Bruya, 1998). One solution to this problem is to remove all play structures. After all, the reasoning goes, if no playground equipment is present, then the liability problem does not exist. However, this approach to the problem eliminates the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of children that can be gained from their interactions on play equipment. This zero approach also serves to devalue the play of children. This article reports on how SAFE America's school and park playgrounds are today, as found in the latest study. Specific topics that will be examined include a summary of the conditions of school and park playgrounds, a discussion of the four SAFE elements, and recommendations for change. Language: en
A mechanistic review on plant-derived natural compounds as dietary supplements for prevention of inflammatory bowel disease (2016)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent idiopathic inflammatory condition, characterized by disruption of the gut mucosal barrier. This mechanistic review aims to highlight the significance of plant-derived natural compounds as dietary supplements, which can be used in addition to restricted conventional options for the prevention of IBD and induction of remission. Various clinical trials confirmed the effectiveness and tolerability of natural supplements in patients with IBD. Mounting evidence suggests that these natural compounds perform their protective and therapeutic effect on IBD through numerous molecular mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory, anti-oxidative stress, modulation of intracellular signaling transduction pathways, as well as improving gut microbiota. In conclusion, natural products can be considered as dietary supplements with therapeutic potential for IBD, provided that their safety and efficacy is confirmed in future well-designed clinical trials with adequate sample size.
The removal of gallium from the lattice of MFI-galosilicates as studied by 71Ga m.a.s.-n.m.r. spectroscopy (1989)

Solid state 71Ga m.a.s.-n.m.r. spectroscopy on MFI-gallosilicates has shown evidence for the removal of tetrahedrally co-ordinated gallium from the zeolite lattice and the concomitant deposition of octahedrally co-ordinated gallium in the pores during steam treatment.
Application of Chitin and Chitosan Derivatives in the Pharmaceutical Field (2003)

Chitin and chitosan derivatives are used as excipients and drug carriers in the pharmaceutical field. Their derivatization contributed to expansion of application and decrease toxicity. Chitosan is used as an excipient in oral dosage form. Chitosan tablet can exhibit a sustained drug release compared to commercial products. Films prepared using chitin or chitosan have been developed as wound dressings, oral mucoadhesive and water-resisting adhesive by virtue of their release characteristics and adhesion. Intratumoral administration of gadopentetic acid-chitosan complex nanoparticles (approximately 430 nm in diameter) has been more effective for gadolinium neutron-capture therapy compared with a group treated with the solution. Compared to intragastrical feeding with diphtheria toxoid (DT) in PBS, a strong enhancement of the systemic (IgG) and local (IgA) immune responses against DT has been observed in mice fed with DT loaded chitosan microparticles (approximately 4.7 microm in size). When DNA-loaded chitosan microspheres (1.15 - 1.28 microm) were intramuscularly administrated into mice, high beta-galactosidase and luciferase productions were obtained even after a long post-transfection period (12 weeks). N-Succinyl-chitosan (Suc-Chi) has been studied for cancer chemotherapy as a drug carrier and the conjugates of mitomycin C with Suc-Chi exhibited good antitumor activities against various tumors. Furthermore, trimethyl-chitosan and monocarboxymethyl-chitosan has been shown to be effective as intestinal absorption enhancers due to their physiological properties. Chitosan-thioglycolic acid conjugates has been found to be a promising candidate as scaffold material in tissue engineering due to their physicochemical properties. This review summarizes the application of chitin and chitosan derivatives for hospital preparations and drug carriers.
Multiuser private queries over encrypted databases (2009)

Searchable encryption schemes allow users to perform keyword-based searches on an encrypted database. Almost all existing such schemes only consider the scenario where a single user acts as both the data owner and the querier. However, most databases in practice do not just serve one user; instead, they support search and write operations by multiple users. In this paper, we systematically study searchable encryption in a practical multiuser setting. Our results include a set of security notions for multiuser searchable encryption as well as a construction which is provably secure under the newly introduced security notions. We also discuss how to improve query efficiency.
Substance P-induced augmentation of cutaneous vascular permeability and granulocyte infiltration in mice is mast cell dependent. (1989)

The undecapeptide substance P is thought to mediate both vasodilatation and augmented vascular permeability when released from sensory nerve endings in the skin. Substance P also induces mast cell degranulation in vitro or in vivo. However, the extent to which substance P-induced changes in vascular permeability are mast cell-dependent is unclear. We investigated this issue by injecting substance P and certain related peptides (substance P1-4, substance P4-11) into the skin of genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/W or WCB6F1- SI/SId mice the congenic normal (+/+) mice, and W/W mice which had undergone selective local repair of their mast cell deficiency by intradermal injection of IL-3-dependent mast cells generated in vitro from the bone marrow cells of the congenic +/+ mice. Substance P induced significant augmentation of vascular permeability and significant cutaneous swelling when injected into normal mice at doses as low as 2 pmol i.d. Substance P also induced granulocyte infiltration, although the infiltrate were modest and were seen at doses of peptide from 5 to more than 20-fold higher than those required for induction of tissue swelling. The effects of substance P on tissue swelling, vascular permeability, and granulocyte infiltration were virtually entirely mast cell dependent. By contrast, substance P1-4 was inactive in our assays at 25 nmol/site, and substance P4-11 induced modest augmentation of vascular permeability, which was at least in part mast cell independent.
Classification model for selecting undergraduate programs (2009)

Many high-school students have failed in selection of undergraduate programs. This is due to the lack of potential information to support a making decision. Although a large amount of data of information systems in academic institutes has been collected for years, the use of the data is still not supporting academic benefits, particularly to the students. In this paper, we present the use of data mining technique, particularly classification technique, to support high-school students in selection of undergraduate programs. The paper also presents the study on educational structure in Thailand, and background of data mining concepts and techniques. The details of learning process to built-up the classification model is described and some examples of extracted rules from the classification model are given. We also present the case study and usage of the model.
Flytrap-inspired robot using structurally integrated actuation based on bistability and a developable surface (2014)

The Venus flytrap uses bistability, the structural characteristic of its leaf, to actuate the leaf's rapid closing motion for catching its prey. This paper presents a flytrap-inspired robot and novel actuation mechanism that exploits the structural characteristics of this structure and a developable surface. We focus on the concept of exploiting structural characteristics for actuation. Using shape memory alloy (SMA), the robot actuates artificial leaves made from asymmetrically laminated carbon fiber reinforced prepregs. We exploit two distinct structural characteristics of the leaves. First, the bistability acts as an implicit actuator enabling rapid morphing motion. Second, the developable surface has a kinematic constraint that constrains the curvature of the artificial leaf. Due to this constraint, the curved artificial leaf can be unbent by bending the straight edge orthogonal to the curve. The bending propagates from one edge to the entire surface and eventually generates an overall shape change. The curvature change of the artificial leaf is 18 m(-1) within 100 ms when closing. Experiments show that these actuation mechanisms facilitate the generation of a rapid and large morphing motion of the flytrap robot by one-way actuation of the SMA actuators at a local position.
Foveolar Choroidal Circulation and Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2008)

The development of CNV and visual loss are associated with lower choroidal circulatory parameters at baseline. In addition, the results suggest that decreases in the foveolar choroidal circulation precede the development of CNV in AMD and may play some role in its development.