gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of TSV and micro-bump probing for wide I/O testing (2011)

Practical silicon stacking requires pre-tested dies, but contact probing of TSV interconnects requires much higher density, lower probing forces, and lower cost per pin than conventional probe cards have achieved. This paper examines a cost-effective, lithographic-based MEMS probe card technology that is suitable for probing 40μm pitch arrays, and scalable to finer pitches. Initial mechanical and electrical results are presented, demonstrating the feasibility of probing large arrays at 1 gram-force per tip with very low pad damage, so as not to impair downstream bonding or other processing steps.
Structure and lattice dynamics of heterostructures based on bismuth ferrite and barium strontium titanate on magnesium oxide substrates (2010)

Bismuth ferrite films doped with neodymium on MgO single-crystal substrates with an epitaxial barium strontium titanate thin (1–2 nm) sublayer have been prepared by rf sputtering of ceramic targets at an elevated oxygen partial pressure and at temperatures below the ferroelectric and magnetic transition temperatures. It has been revealed using X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering spectroscopy that, in these bismuth ferrite films, a new phase (not observed in bulk samples) is formed. The symmetry of this phase is monoclinic, the unit cell contains two formula units, and the spontaneous polarization vector deviates from the [111]cub direction and can have different components along the x, y, and z axes.
Self-driven schemes for 12V self-driven voltage regulator (2009)

Compared with conventional multi-phase buck converter, the 12V ZVS self-driven non-isolated full-bridge converter has many advantages for voltage regulator module (VRM) applications. The employment of the synchronous rectifier (SR) self-driven technology in VRs leads to lower SR drive loss and body diode conduction loss. However, the SR drive voltage is fixed at the input voltage, which is too high to increase the light-load efficiency and to further decrease drive loss. This paper proposes three different SR self-drive methods that allow the SR driver voltage to be lowered from the input voltage to an optimized voltage to help increase the overall efficiency. 1U 700kHz VR prototypes were built in the lab to implement different SR drive methods. The auto transformer drive method is found to be the best candidate, and achieved 88.2% efficiency at 1.2V/130A output. The experimental result verifies the theoretical analysis.
Novel and Unexpected Deamination during the Palladium-Catalysed Cross-Coupling of Haloanilines and Arylboronic Acids (1999)

Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions involving haloanilines and arylboronic acids produce the expected biaryl products, but additionally a substantial quantity of the corresponding deaminated biaryl is also generated which constitutes a novel synthetic methodology.
Selective Solar-Driven Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to Methanol Using a Catalyzed p-GaP Based Photoelectrochemical Cell (2008)

With rising atmospheric CO2 levels, there has been increasing interest in artificial photosynthetic schemes for converting this greenhouse gas into valuable fuels and small organics. Photoelectrochemical schemes for activating the inert CO2 molecule, however, operate at excessive overpotentials and thus do not convert actual light energy to chemical energy. Here we describe the selective conversion of CO2 to methanol at a p-GaP semiconductor electrode with a homogeneous pyridinium ion catalyst, driving the reaction with light energy to yield faradaic efficiencies near 100% at potentials well below the standard potential.
Lactate Dehydrogenase and Oxidative Stress Activity in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Aqueous Humour (2010)

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lactate are some of the hypoxy biochemical parameters. Extracellular activity of this enzyme increases under the condition of oxidative stress, since the cell integrity can be disrupted during the lipid peroxidation process. Subsequently that leads to the increase level of the lactic acid and lactic acid salts. The objective of this investigation is establishing the level of LDH, LDH1 (HBDH) and the lactate concentration in aqueous humour in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Biochemical analysis have been made by enzymatic-colometric method (lactate) and UV-kinetic method (LDH and HBDH) in aqueous humour of 30 patients (42 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 30 patients (40 eyes) with cataract (the control group). The increased values of lactate and the activity of LDH and HBDH enzyme in aqueous humour of POAG patients in correlation with the control group are the results not only of oxidative stress but also of hypoxy and the mitochondry oxidative function (p<0,001). The increased activity of the examined biochemical parameters in the aqueous humour of the POAG patients points to the fact that other mechanisms, besides IOP, have a role in glaucoma pathogenesis.
Buffering databse operations for enhanced instruction cache performance (2004)

As more and more query processing work can be done in main memory access is becoming a significant cost component of database operations. Recent database research has shown that most of the memory stalls are due to second-level cache data misses and first-level instruction cache misses. While a lot of research has focused on reducing the data cache misses, relatively little research has been done on improving the instruction cache performance of database systems.We first answer the question "Why does a database system incur so many instruction cache misses?" We demonstrate that current demand-pull pipelined query execution engines suffer from significant instruction cache thrashing between different operators. We propose techniques to buffer database operations during query execution to avoid instruction cache thrashing. We implement a new light-weight "buffer" operator and study various factors which may affect the cache performance. We also introduce a plan refinement algorithm that considers the query plan and decides whether it is beneficial to add additional "buffer" operators and where to put them. The benefit is mainly from better instruction locality and better hardware branch prediction. Our techniques can be easily integrated into current database systems without significant changes. Our experiments in a memory-resident PostgreSQL database system show that buffering techniques can reduce the number of instruction cache misses by up to 80% and improve query performance by up to 15%.
Synthesis of a vacuolar acid invertase in washed discs of storage root tissue of red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) (1993)

The synthesis of acid invertase during washing of red beet storage roots has been investigated using protein synthesis inhibitors, antibiotics, and antibodies raised against the purified invertase. Acid invertase increased during the first 3 d of wasting then decreased, with the rates of both processes dependent on temperature. Concomitantly, acid phosphatase declined throughout this period. Activity gels confirmed the increase in the level of active invertase protein. The increase in activity was prevented by cycloheximide, monensin, tunicamycin, and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone. Leakage of betanin was measured and ultrastructural observations undertaken to ensure these compounds had no non-specific effects
Chiral auxiliary control of tacticity in free radical polymerization (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral auxiliary control of tacticity in free radical polymerizationNed A. Porter, Timothy R. Allen, and Robert A. BreyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 20, 7676–7683Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00046a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00046a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views939Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Titration of Aromatic N-Oxides in Acetic Anhydride with Perchloric Acid. (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTitration of Aromatic N-Oxides in Acetic Anhydride with Perchloric Acid.C. W. Muth, R. S. Darlak, W. H. English, and A. L. HammerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1962, 34, 9, 1163–1164Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60189a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60189a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-version indexing and modern hardware technologies (2017)

Characteristics of modern computing and storage technologies fundamentally differ from traditional hardware. There is a need to optimally leverage their performance, endurance and energy consumption characteristics. Therefore, existing architectures and algorithms in modern high performance database management systems have to be redesigned and advanced. Multi Version Concurrency Control (MVCC) approaches in data-base management systems maintain multiple physically independent tuple versions. Snapshot isolation approaches enable high parallelism and concurrency in workloads with almost serializable consistency level. Modern hardware technologies benefit from multi-version approaches. Indexing multi-version data on modern hardware is still an open research area. In this paper, we provide a survey of popular multi-version indexing approaches and an extended scope of high performance single-version approaches. An optimal multi-version index structure brings look-up efficiency of tuple versions, which are visible to transactions, and effort on index maintenance in balance for different workloads on modern hardware technologies.
Corrosion Problems in the Use of Dense Salt Solutions As Packer Fluids (1960)

The corrosion characteristics were studied of dense salt solutions used as packer fluids. Among the salts considered were (1) NaNO3, (2) CaCl2, (3) Ca(NO3)2, (4) ZnCl2, (5) NaNO3-CaCl2, (6). Ca(NO3)2-CaCl2, and (7) CaCl2-ZnCl2. Only slight corrosivities were noted for the first three solutions. However, stress corrosion cracking was encountered in NaNO3 solutions and in some mixtures of NaNO3 and CaCl2. Zinc chloride was too corrosive to obtain useful densities by itself. Both NaNO2-CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2- CaCl2 exhibited severe pitting at elevated temperatures. This attack was observed to some degree on a variety of oil country materials. Penetration rates on the 1020 coupons were in excess of % inch per year. The pits were very localized; polish marks were present immediately adjacent to a complete penetration. A study of CaCl2-ZnCl2-H2O mixtures yielded a system which was capable of densities up to 14 pounds per gallon without the corrosivity encountered with ZnCl2 alone. Field experience has confirmed the severe corrosivity of the CaCl2- NaNO3 system. Two multicompletion wells with this mixture in the annulus suffered corrosion penetrations of the tubing in less than two years. 4.3.6
THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE WATER-SOLUBLE INORGANIC ORTHOPHOSPHATE IONS WITHIN THE CELL: ACCUMULATION IN THE NUCLEUS (1969)

Lead acetate treatment of unfixed cells immobilizes the intracellular water-soluble, inorganic orthophosphate ions as microcrystalline lead hydroxyapatite precipitates (see reference 1). These precipitates have been analyzed with the electron microprobe. A much higher concentration of phosphorus has been found in the nucleoli of maize root tip cells fixed in lead acetate-glutaraldehyde (organic phosphorus plus inorganic orthophosphate), as compared to the nucleoli of roots fixed in glutaraldehyde alone (organic phosphorus). The concentration of the inorganic orthophosphate pool in these nucleoli is three to five times as high as the concentration of the macromolecular organic phosphate. Since nearly all of the latter is in RNA, the concentration of inorganic phosphate in the nucleolus is calculated to be roughly 0.5-0.8 M. About 30%-and up to 50%-of the total cellular inorganic phosphate is accumulated in the nucleolus since the mean concentration per cell is about 10(-2)M. In the extranucleolar part of the nucleus the mean concentration was estimated by densitometry to be roughly six times less than in the nucleolus ( 0.1 M), and appears more concentrated in the nucleoplasm than in the condensed chromatin. While there is no direct evidence for the concentration in the cytoplasm, it certainly must be much lower than the mean cellular level (i.e., < 10(-2)M) since the nucleus is about 10% of the total cell volume. The implications of this compartmentation in the intact cell are discussed in connection with (A) the availability of orthophosphate ions for the cytoplasm in those processes in which these ions affect the rate of enzymatic reactions, and (B) protein nucleic acid interactions within the nucleus and nucleolus.
<title>Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature using dual-period fiber grating</title> (2001)

This paper demonstrates a novel dual-period fiber grating sensor which can measure strain and temperature simultaneously. The dual-period fiber grating consists of a long-period fiber grating (LPG) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) which are written in the same section of an uncovered hydrogen-loaded fiber orderly. As is known, the Bragg wavelength of LPG and that of FBG have the different sensitivity of strain and temperature, then strain and temperature can be determined simultaneously by measuring the two transmitted Bragg wavelengths of the dual-period fiber grating. The accuracy of the sensor in measuring strain and temperature is estimated to be +/- 16 (mu) (epsilon) in a range from 0 to 1700 (mu) (epsilon) and +/- 0.8 degree(s)C from 20 to 120 degree(s)C, respectively.
Histopathology of triamcinolone in the subconjunctiva. (1987)

Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was injected subconjunctivally in nine human eyes one week before trabeculectomy. A biopsy specimen of conjunctiva and subconjunctiva was obtained from the site of drug injection, as well as a site 6 mm from the injection at the time of trabeculectomy. The tissue was evaluated by electron microscopy. TA was similarly injected subconjunctivally in ten normal rabbit eyes. For control purposes, six eyes were injected with the vehicle. Five animals were euthanized at one and two weeks post-injection and subconjunctival biopsy specimens from the drug site, at the margin of the drug site, and 180 degrees away from the drug site were subsequently examined by light and electron microscopy. At the drug site in both humans and rabbits, the subconjunctival fibroblasts were necrotic, the collagen fibers were altered in appearance, and there was infiltration of macrophages. The control site was unremarkable. These local morphologic changes may explain, in part, the mechanism(s) of action of injected TA.
A Probabilistic Resource Allocating Network for Novelty Detection (1994)

The detection of novel or abnormal input vectors is of importance in many monitoring tasks, such as fault detection in complex systems and detection of abnormal patterns in medical diagnostics. We have developed a robust method for novelty detection, which aims to minimize the number of heuristically chosen thresholds in the novelty decision process. We achieve this by growing a gaussian mixture model to form a representation of a training set of “normal” system states. When previously unseen data are to be screened for novelty we use the same threshold as was used during training to define a novelty decision boundary. We show on a sample problem of medical signal processing that this method is capable of providing robust novelty decision boundaries and apply the technique to the detection of epileptic seizures within a data record.
Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Lasers (1976)

Recently semiconductor lasers with distributed feedback have been successfully operated under dc bias and are becoming more and more practical. Because of their integration capability as well as frequency and mode selectivity, they are expected to find wide application as light sources in various optical systems. In this paper, we review the development of distributed feedback semiconductor lasers and discuss their application to integrated optics.
The Effects of Ingratiation Strategy During Corporate Crisis (2010)

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Energy and Environmental Management as a Driver for Integrated Performance Management (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Integrated Performance Management in Operations Strategic Aspects of Performance Management Integrated Performance Measurement System Integrated Performance Management Conclusion Bibliography
Nanoporous Metal Membranes with Bicontinuous Morphology from Recyclable Block‐Copolymer Templates (2010)

Nondestructive preparation of bicontinuous nanoporous metal membranes by replication of bicontinuous nanoporous polymeric membranes consisting of recoverable asymmetric block copolymers (BCPs) is reported. The BCP membranes are generated by swelling the minority domains of the BCP with selective solvents accompanied by reconstruction of the glassy matrix formed by the majority component (see figure). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Novel Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Based Methodology for the Inventory Routing Problem (2019)

In this paper, a new hybrid method including simulation optimization and artificial intelligence based simulation is created to solve the inventory routing problem (IRP) in which three different routing strategies are evaluated for uneven demand patterns including intermittent, erratic, and lumpy demand. The proposed method includes two phases. In the first phase, a nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II based simulation is employed to perform a multi-objective search for the IRP where the objectives of the method are total supply chain cost minimization and average service level maximization. In the second phase, artificial neural network based simulation is used to adjust the reorder point and order-up-to-level by forecasting the customer demand at each replenishment time. The results of the study demonstrated that the average service level is at least 98.54% in the supply chain. From this, it can be concluded that the proposed method can provide a tremendous opportunity to improve the average service level under uncertain environments. In addition, it is determined that different routing strategies can be selected for different demand patterns according to the considered performance measures.