gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition of Few-Layer Graphene on Copper Substrates (2013)

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphene on copper is an efficient technology for producing high-quality graphene for large areas. The objective of this work is to deposit graphene/few-layer graphene (FLG) using different types of copper substrate by a new hot-wire CVD process. We carried out the processes at temperatures below 1000 °C with acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) as a precursor gas. After a general characterization of the samples, the results mostly indicate the formation of FLG on copper samples by this method. Nevertheless, the presence of pure, crystalline, and sufficiently flat surfaces is needed for depositing high-quality graphene layers.
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator: a potent marker of metastatic potential in human cancers (2002)

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is a serine protease that is causally involved in cancer progression, especially invasion and metastasis. Multiple studies have shown that breast cancer patients whose primary cancer contains high levels of uPA have a significantly worse outcome than patients with low levels. As a prognostic marker for breast cancer the information supplied by uPA is both independent of traditionally used factors and significant in the important subgroup of axillary-node patients. Paradoxically, high levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an endogenous inhibitor of uPA, also predict for aggressive disease. Recently, the prognostic impact of both uPA and PAI-1 in axillary node-negative breast cancer was confirmed using two different Level 1 Evidence studies, i.e. in both a randomized prospective trial and a pooled analysis. Therefore, uPA and PAI-1 appear to have fulfilled all the criteria for the routine assessment of prognosis in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.
Backward compatible user-defined data insertioninto MPEG-4 bitstreams (2000)

It is often useful to provide information related to a video bitstream that is unsupported by the official standard. A method is described by which data can be inserted in an MPEG-4 bitstream , while still retaining compatibility with standard MPEG-4 decoders. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by results from insertion of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) codes.
Effects of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Proteinase Inhibitors Saquinavir and Indinavir on In Vitro Activities of Secreted Aspartyl Proteinases of <i>Candida albicans</i> Isolates from HIV-Infected Patients (1999)

The effects of therapeutically relevant concentrations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteinase inhibitors saquinavir and indinavir on the in vitro proteinase activity of Candida albicans were investigated with isolates from HIV-infected and uninfected patients with oral candidiasis. After exposure to the HIV proteinase inhibitors, proteinase activity was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner. These inhibitory effects, which were similar to that of pepstatin A, and the reduced virulence phenotype in experimental candidiasis after application of saquinavir indicate the usefulness of these HIV proteinase inhibitors as potential anticandidal agents.
Role of carbohydrate in biological function of the adhesive glycoprotein fibronectin. (1979)

We have investigated the role of the carbohydrate moiety in the biological activity of fibronectin in vitro by using tunicamycin to inhibit the glycosylation of this glycoprotein. Tunicamycin is a glucosamine-containing antibiotic that specifically inhibits glycosylation of protein asparaginyl residues mediated by dolichol pyrophosphate. Fibronectin synthesized in the presence of 0.5 microgram of tunicamycin per ml was not glycosylated, as determined by amino sugar analysis, lack of incorporation of [14C]glucosamine and [3H]mannose, and concanavalin A binding studies. Nonglycosylated fibronectin that was isolated from chicken embryo fibroblasts and added to transformed cells in vitro was as effective as the glycosylated protein in promoting a more normal fibroblastic phenotype, including cell flattening, elongation of cell processes, and parallel alignment of cells. The nonglycosylated protein was also as effective as the glycosylated species in mediating cell attachment to collagen and spreading on plastic, as well as in agglutination of formalin-fixed sheep erythrocytes. The nonglycosylated protein was twice as sensitive as the glycosylated protein to proteolytic hydrolysis in vitro as had been suggested by previous studies with intact cells [Olden, K., Pratt, R.M. & Yamada, K.M. (1978) Cell 13, 461-473]. We conclude that the carbohydrate moiety of fibronectin is not required for the mediation of a number of biological activities characteristic of this glycoprotein.
Marine Aquaculture in Canada: Well-Established Monocultures of Finfish and Shellfish and an Emerging Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) Approach Including Seaweeds, Other Invertebrates, and Microbial Communities (2015)

FisheriesVolume 40, Issue 1 p. 28-31 Essay Marine Aquaculture in Canada: Well-Established Monocultures of Finfish and Shellfish and an Emerging Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) Approach Including Seaweeds, Other Invertebrates, and Microbial Communities Thierry Chopin, Thierry Chopin tchopin@unbsj.ca Canadian Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture Network, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 5050, Saint John, NB, E2L 4L5 CanadaSearch for more papers by this author Thierry Chopin, Thierry Chopin tchopin@unbsj.ca Canadian Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture Network, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 5050, Saint John, NB, E2L 4L5 CanadaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 29 January 2015 https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2014.986571Citations: 27Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume40, Issue1January 2015Pages 28-31 RelatedInformation
Inhibitory Effect of Calcium Channel Blockers on Growth of Pancreatic Cancer Cells (1994)

Calcium, which binds to calmodulin inside the cells, is an important mediator of various intracellular processes, including cell proliferation. We speculated that blockade of Ca2+ influx into the cells by Ca(2+)-channel blockers, such as phenytoin and verapamil, might affect the Ca(2+)-calmodulin pathway leading to suppression of cell growth. In this study, we examined the effect of phenytoin and verapamil on growth of two human pancreatic cancer cell lines, MIA PaCa-2 and CAV, in vitro and in vivo. Both phenytoin and verapamil inhibited growth of the two cell lines in a dose-dependent fashion. Phenytoin and verapamil each significantly prolonged doubling time of MIA PaCa-2 and the combination of the two drugs acted synergistically. The activity of ornithine decarboxylase, which is a rate-limiting enzyme of the polyamine pathway that is closely related to cell proliferation, was significantly inhibited by both drugs in a time-dependent fashion. Phenytoin, but not verapamil, inhibited growth of MIA PaCa-2 tumors xenotransplanted into nude mice, whereas both phenytoin and verapamil inhibited the growth of CAV tumors. Since phenytoin and verapamil are known to have fewer side effects than conventional antineoplastic drugs, these results suggest their possible use in novel therapeutic strategies.
Induction of immunity to feline caliciviral disease (1975)

Six specific-pathogen-free cats were exposed by aerosol to a feline calicivirus of low virulence (F-9 virus). Homotypic (anti-F-9) seroconversion occurred in all cats by postexposure day 14. The serum of one cat on postexposure day 14 and four of six cats on postexposure day 35 neutralized feline picornavirus isolate no. 225 (FPV-255), a virulent feline calicivirus. Homologous antiviral activity was detected before the appearance of heterologous (anti-FPV-255) activity and always was present in higher titer. Protective immunity was evaluated on postexposure day 35 by aerosol challenge with FPV-255. The pyrexia, depression, dyspnea, oral ulcers, and severe pneumonia produced in two susceptible specific-pathogen-free cats by exposure to FPV-255 did not occur in the cats that had been infected previously with F-9 vir. The study demonstrates that heterotypic protective immunity to feline calicivirus disease can be induced by prior infection with feline calicivirus of low virulence.
Effects of de-alcoholated red wine and its phenolic fractions on platelet aggregation. (2001)

Our data indicate that DRW and its catechin-anthocyanidin fraction exert a significant effect on platelet aggregation in vitro, perhaps by enhancing platelet c-AMP levels.
Preparation of 224Ra for Therapy of Ankylosing Spondylitis (1978)

In the medical application of radium-224 for injection the radio-nuclidic purity of the product is a question of considerable importance. The contamination caused by the long-lived nuclides 226Ra, 228Ra, 227Ac, and 228Th must be limited to minimize their incorporation and the long-term skeletal dose received by the patients. The purification of the source material 228Th for manufacturing 224Ra and the extraction of 224Ra from 228Th are described. The actual trace amounts of the long-lived radioactive impurities in the injection solutions are compared with the maximum permissible body burdens recommended by ICRP. Buchler and Co. (since 1971 Amersham Buchler) is, as far as we know, the only producer of 224Ra for injection. We recommend a total activity of 10 × 28 μCi of 224Ra for the therapy of ankylosing spondylitis. Taking this total activity, the injection of any long-lived radionuclide from 1967 through 1973 was less than 0.2% of its maximum permissible body burden.
[Clinical significance of six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate expressed in prostatic carcinoma]. (2004)

STEAP can be a prognostic marker of PCa and a potential therapeutic target in PCa.
2x2 MEMS Fiber Optic Switches with Silicon Sub-Mount for Low-Cost Packaging (1998)

We report on a novel 2x2 MEMS fiber optic switch. The switch is implemented by ganging up multiple vertical torsion mirror devices that are fabricated using silicon surface micromachining process. Bulk-micromachined silicon submount has been developed for the switch. Tht: submount is designed to accommodate the surface-micromachined vertical torsion minors (minor chip). micro lenses and optical fibers. This new hybrid packaging method is used to minimite active optical alignment between the miITor chip and optical fibers. thus reduce the packaging cost of the switch . Sub-millisecond switching times have been achieved. With this hybrid-packaging scheme, the size. weight. and potentially the cost of <.:unent fiber optic switches can be dramatically reduced.
Neuroprotective Effects of the CRF<sub>1</sub> Antagonist R121920 after Permanent Focal Ischemia in the Rat (2001)

The neuroprotective effects of a systemically active, highly selective, corticotropin-releasing factor-1 (CRF1) receptor antagonist, R121920 ((7-(dipropylamino)-2,5-dimethyl-3- [2-(dimethylamino)-5-pyridyl] pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrimidine), was assessed in two rat models of permanent focal cerebral ischemia, where the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded either through the subtemporal approach or using the intraluminal suture technique. R121920 rapidly crossed the blood-brain barrier after intravenous (IV) bolus administration (10 mg/kg), with peak brain concentrations at 5 minutes (2.26 +/- 0.40 microg/mL), which were approximately 2-fold greater than those in plasma (0.98 +/- 0.24 microg/mL). Treatment with R121920 (10 mg/kg IV followed by 5 mg/kg subcutaneously at hourly intervals for 4 hours) significantly (P < 0.001) reduced total (by 40%) and cortical (by 37%) infarct volume at 24 hours after subtemporal MCA occlusion (MCAO). In the intraluminal suture MCAO model, IV administration of R121920 (10 mg/kg) at the time of ischemia onset (and at multiple times thereafter) reduced both hemispheric infarct volume (by 34%, P < 0.001) and brain swelling (by 50%, P < 0.001) when assessed at 24 hours. In this model of focal ischemia, significant reduction (P < 0.05) in both outcome measures was obtained when R121920 administration was delayed up to 1 hour after MCAO. These results further define the antiischemic properties of selective CRF 1 antagonists in two experimental models of permanent focal cerebral ischemia.
Synthesis in the Chromone Series. 5,8-Dimethoxy-2-substituted Chromones and Nitrogen Analogs (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis in the Chromone Series. 5,8-Dimethoxy-2-substituted Chromones and Nitrogen AnalogsJOHN KOOCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 7, 2440–2442Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01351a068https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01351a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views178Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Induction and regulatory function of miR-9 in human monocytes and neutrophils exposed to proinflammatory signals (2009)

Inflammation involves a coordinated, sequential, and self limiting sequence of events controlled by positive and negative regulatory mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs), an evolutionarily conserved class of endogenous 22-nucleotide noncoding RNAs, contribute to the regulation of inflammation by repressing gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. In this study, we characterize the profile of miRNAs induced by LPS in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and monocytes. In particular, we identify miR-9 as the only miRNA (among 365 analyzed) up-regulated in both cell types after TLR4 activation. miR-9 is also induced by TLR2 and TLR7/8 agonists and by the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, but not by IFNgamma. Among the 3 different genes encoding miR-9 precursors in humans, we show that LPS selectively induces the transcription of miR-9-1 located in the CROC4 locus, in a MyD88- and NF-kappaB-dependent manner. In PMN and monocytes, LPS regulates NFKB1 at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, and a conserved miR-9 seed sustained a miR-9-dependent inhibition of the NFKB1 transcript. Overall, these data suggest that TLR4-activated NF-kappaB rapidly increases the expression of miR-9 that operates a feedback control of the NF-kappaB-dependent responses by fine tuning the expression of a key member of the NF-kappaB family.
Li Absorption and Intercalation in Single Layer Graphene and Few Layer Graphene by First Principles (2012)

We present an exhaustive first-principles investigation of Li absorption and intercalation in single layer graphene and few layer graphene, as compared to bulk graphite. For single layer graphene, the cluster expansion method is used to systemically search for the lowest energy ionic configuration as a function of absorbed Li content. It is predicted that there exists no Li arrangement that stabilizes Li absorption on the surface of single layer graphene unless that surface includes defects. From this result follows that defect-poor single layer graphene exhibits significantly inferior capacity compared to bulk graphite. For few layer graphene, we calibrate a semiempirical potential to include the effect of van der Waals interactions, which is essential to account for the contribution of empty (no Li) gallery to the total energy. We identify and analyze the Li intercalation mechanisms in few layer graphene and map out the sequence in stable phases as we move from single layer graphene, through few layer, to bulk graphite.
Impedance matching for one atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma (OAUGDP) reactors (2002)

Summary form only given, as follows. The one atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma (OAUGDP) reactor requires a power supply capable of delivering a few kilowatts at a frequency of 1-10 kilohertz, and an RMS voltage up to 20 kilovolts. The OAUGDP reactor with the plasma energized can be modeled as a capacitor in parallel with a resistor. In addition, the non-ideality of the transformer between the RF power supply and the plasma reactor introduces an imaginary part in its impedance. Thus, the load of the RF power supply, seen by its output terminals, is highly reactive. The impedance mismatch resulting from the absence of a matching network will cause a large reflected power from the plasma reactor back to the power supply that does not contribute to plasma formation, but requires an expensive over-rated power supply. The impedance of the power supply load should be optimized in order that the maximum power is delivered to the plasma. However, the equivalent impedance of plasma is strongly dependent on the power dissipated in it. By changing the parameters of the matching network, the impedance of the load can be optimized, and the plasma power can be maximized. The paper is a summary of our works on impedance matching. The design theory of two types of impedance matching circuits that match OAUGDP reactors to their power supplies is presented.
IaaSMon: Monitoring Architecture for Public Cloud Computing Data Centers (2016)

Monitoring of cloud computing infrastructures is an imperative necessity for cloud providers and administrators to analyze, optimize and discover what is happening in their own infrastructures. Current monitoring solutions do not fit well for this purpose mainly due to the incredible set of new requirements imposed by the particular requirements associated to cloud infrastructures. This paper describes in detail the main reasons why current monitoring solutions do not work well. Also, it provides an innovative monitoring architecture that enables the monitoring of the physical and virtual machines available within a cloud infrastructure in a non-invasive and transparent way making it suitable not only for private cloud computing but also for public cloud computing infrastructures. This architecture has been validated by means of a prototype integrating an existing enterprise-class monitoring solution, Nagios, with the control and data planes of OpenStack, a well-known stack for cloud infrastructures. As a result, our new monitoring architecture is able to extend the exiting Nagios functionalities to fit in the monitoring of cloud infrastructures. The proposed architecture has been designed, implemented and released as open source to the scientific community. The proposal has also been empirically validated in a production-level cloud computing infrastructure running a test bed with up to 128 VMs where overhead and responsiveness has been carefully analyzed.
Imaging vascular implants with optical coherence tomography (2000)

Vascular stents and grafts have many proven and promising clinical applications, but also a large number of complications. A focus of current research is the development of biocompatible implants. Evaluation of these devices generally requires a large number of animals due to the need for explanation and histological evaluation of the implant at several time intervals. It would be desirable to use instead a high resolution, in situ assessment method. An in vitro study was performed to determine if OCT could image cell proliferation and thrombus formation on vascular stents and grafts. First, images were taken of explanted stents. The implants were locate din peripheral vessels of a porcine model of atherosclerosis. The images clearly show the vessel response to initial damage, the materials of the implant, extent of intimal cell hyper proliferation, and small platelet aggregates. Next, a tissue engineered graft, which had been sodded with smooth muscle cells and incubated in a bioreactor, was evaluated. Cross-section images showed the pores of the polymer material and the layer of smooth muscle cells beginning to invade the graft material. For comparison, in vitro 20 MHz IVUS images of the same grafts were obtained. A catheter was designed for intravascular imaging. The 2.3 mm diameter catheter contains a fiber with GRIN lens and right angle prism, a monorail guidewire, and a novel positioning wire that can be protruded to push the catheter against the vessel wall, potentially eliminating the need for saline flush. Preliminary in vitro results with this catheter are encouraging.
No time to lose—high throughput screening to assess nanomaterial safety (2011)

Nanomaterials hold great promise for medical, technological and economical benefits. Knowledge concerning the toxicological properties of these novel materials is typically lacking. At the same time, it is becoming evident that some nanomaterials could have a toxic potential in humans and the environment. Animal based systems lack the needed capacity to cope with the abundance of novel nanomaterials being produced, and thus we have to employ in vitro methods with high throughput to manage the rush logistically and use high content readouts wherever needed in order to gain more depth of information. Towards this end, high throughput screening (HTS) and high content screening (HCS) approaches can be used to speed up the safety analysis on a scale that commensurate with the rate of expansion of new materials and new properties. The insights gained from HTS/HCS should aid in our understanding of the tenets of nanomaterial hazard at biological level as well as assist the development of safe-by-design approaches. This review aims to provide a comprehensive introduction to the HTS/HCS methodology employed for safety assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), including data analysis and prediction of potentially hazardous material properties. Given the current pace of nanomaterial development, HTS/HCS is a potentially effective means of keeping up with the rapid progress in this field--we have literally no time to lose.