gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Free intracellular Mg<sup>2+</sup> concentration and inhibition of NMDA responses in cultured rat neurons (2001)

1. Intracellular Mg(2+) (Mg(2+)(i)) blocks single-channel currents and modulates the gating kinetics of NMDA receptors. However, previous data suggested that Mg(2+)(i) inhibits whole-cell current less effectively than predicted from excised-patch measurements. We examined the basis of this discrepancy by testing three hypothetical explanations. 2. To test the first hypothesis, that control of free Mg(2+)(i) concentration ([Mg(2+)](i)) during whole-cell recording was inadequate, we measured [Mg(2+)](i) using mag-indo-1 microfluorometry. The [Mg(2+)](i) measured in cultured neurons during whole-cell recording was similar to the pipette [Mg(2+)] measured in vitro, suggesting that [Mg(2+)](i) was adequately controlled. 3. To test the second hypothesis, that open-channel block by Mg(2+)(i) was modified by patch excision, we characterised the effects of Mg(2+)(i) using cell-attached recordings. We found the affinity and voltage dependence of open-channel block by Mg(2+)(i) similar in cell-attached and outside-out patches. Thus, the difference between Mg(2+)(i) inhibition of whole-cell and of patch currents cannot be attributed to a difference in Mg(2+)(i) block of single-channel current. 4. The third hypothesis tested was that the effect of Mg(2+)(i) on channel gating was modified by patch excision. Results of cell-attached recording and modelling of whole-cell data suggest that the Mg(2+)(i)-induced stabilisation of the channel open state is four times weaker after patch excision than in intact cells. This differential effect of Mg(2+)(i) on channel gating explains why Mg(2+)(i) inhibits whole-cell NMDA responses less effectively than patch responses.
Biochemical enrichment and biophysical characterization of a taste receptor for L-arginine from the catfish, Ictalurus puntatus (2004)

The data are consistent with the supposition that the L-Arg receptor is a LGICR. This taste receptor remains active during biochemical enrichment procedures. This is the first report of enrichment of an active LGICR from the taste system of vertebrata.
A Novel Tetrahydrofolate-Dependent <i>O</i> -Demethylase Gene Is Essential for Growth of <i>Sphingomonas paucimobilis</i> SYK-6 with Syringate (2004)

Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6 degrades syringate to 3-O-methylgallate (3MGA), which is finally converted to pyruvate and oxaloacetate via multiple pathways in which protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase, 3MGA dioxygenase, and gallate dioxygenase are involved. Here we isolated the syringate O-demethylase gene (desA), which complemented the growth deficiency on syringate of a Tn5 mutant of the SYK-6 derivative strain. The desA gene is located 929 bp downstream of ferA, encoding feruloyl-coenzyme A synthetase, and consists of a 1,386-bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide with a molecular mass of 50,721 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence of desA showed 26% identity in a 325-amino-acid overlap with that of gcvT of Escherichia coli, which encodes the tetrahydrofolate (H(4)folate)-dependent aminomethyltransferase involved in glycine cleavage. The cell extract of E. coli carrying desA converted syringate to 3MGA only when H(4)folate was added to the reaction mixture. DesA catalyzes the transfer of the methyl moiety of syringate to H(4)folate, forming 5-methyl-H(4)folate. Vanillate and 3MGA were also used as substrates for DesA; however, the relative activities toward them were 3 and 0.4% of that toward syringate, respectively. Disruption of desA in SYK-6 resulted in a growth defect on syringate but did not affect growth on vanillate, indicating that desA is essential to syringate degradation. In a previous study the ligH gene, which complements the growth deficiency on vanillate and syringate of a chemical-induced mutant of SYK-6, DC-49, was isolated (S. Nishikawa, T. Sonoki, T. Kasahara, T. Obi, S. Kubota, S. Kawai, N. Morohoshi, and Y. Katayama, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:836-842, 1998). Disruption of ligH resulted in the same phenotype as DC-49; its cell extract, however, was found to be able to convert vanillate and syringate in the presence of H(4)folate. The possible role of ligH is discussed.
Midazolam protects B35 neuroblastoma cells through Akt-phosphorylation in reactive oxygen species derived cellular injury (2012)

Midazolam protects neuronal cells from GOX-induced ROS injury; this effect is mediated by an anti-apoptotic effect through Akt-phosphorylation. This shows that midazolam may be useful in soman intoxication.
Crystallization, phase evolution and ferroelectric properties of sol–gel-synthesized Ba(Ti<sub>0.8</sub>Zr<sub>0.2</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>–x(Ba<sub>0.7</sub>Ca<sub>0.3</sub>)TiO<sub>3</sub>thin films (2012)

A lead-free piezoelectric material with ultra-high properties, Ba(Ti0.8Zr0.2)O3–x(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3(BZT–xBCT) nanocrystals was synthesized via a sol–gel method, and the corresponding thin films were also deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by a spin-coating approach. The BZT–xBCT thin film exhibited a high remnant polarization of 22.15 μC cm−2 with a large coercive field of 68.06 kV cm−1. The resultant gel is calcined at various elevated temperatures and studied with FTIR/XRD/Raman/DSC-TGA/AFM/SEM techniques for gel composition, crystallization, phase transition, thermochemistry and the morphology of the film. Although the room temperature crystal structure of the BZT–xBCT nanocrystals appears to be a standard perovskite structure by conventional X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy demonstrates the presence of non-centrosymmetric regions arising from the off-centering of the titanium (zirconium) atoms. The Raman spectra findings demonstrate the degree by which the tetragonal phase grows with the increase of calcining temperature in BZT–0.5BCT, and the characteristic ferroelectric–ferroelectric phase transition in BZT–xBCT while going through the MPB process. The structural and constituent evolution for the conversion process from gel to ceramic, as well as the formation mechanism of the BZT–0.5BCT crystallite, were also elucidated.
The Inhibition of Foaming. II. A Mechanism for the Rupture of Liquid Films by Anti-foaming Agents. (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Inhibition of Foaming. II. A Mechanism for the Rupture of Liquid Films by Anti-foaming Agents.Sydney. RossCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1950, 54, 3, 429–436Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/j150477a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views591Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (487 KB) Get e-Alerts
Ellipsometric study of undersaturated critical adsorption (2001)

At the liquid-vapor surface of a critical AB binary liquid mixture, if the surface energies sigma(A)<<sigma(B), then component A completely saturates the surface and one is in the regime of strong critical adsorption where the local volume fraction at the surface is solely a function of z/xi where xi is the bulk correlation length and z is the depth into the liquid. If, however, sigma(A) approximately sigma(B) then the surface composition is a sensitive function of the surface energy difference Deltasigma=sigma(A)-sigma(B) and the surface is "undersaturated." We study this undersaturated critical adsorption regime using a homologous series of critical binary liquid mixtures. Component B (methyl formate) is fixed, while component A is varied from n-undecane to n-tetradecane. With increasing carbon chain length Deltasigma changes systematically from a negative to a positive value. We find that the experimental results, in both the one- and two-phase regions, are well described by a universal surface scaling function G(z/xi,h(1)t(-Delta(1))), where h(1) approximately Deltasigma, t=[T(c)-T]/T(c) is the reduced temperature relative to the critical temperature (T(c)), and Delta(1) is a universal surface critical exponent. These results are in conformity with theoretical predictions.
Eye movements as implicit relevance feedback (2008)

Reading detection is an important step in the process of automatic relevance feedback generation based on eye movements for information retrieval tasks. We describe a reading detection algorithm and present a preliminary study to find expressive eye movement measures.
Minor Variant Detection in Amplicons using 454 Massive Parallel Pyrosequencing: Experiences and Considerations for Successful Applications (2011)

Ultra-deep sequencing (UDS) of amplicons is a major application for next-generation sequencing technologies, even more so for the 454 Genome Sequencer FLX. Especially for this application, errors that might be introduced during any of the sample processing or data analysis steps should be avoided or at least recognized, as they might lead to aberrant sequence variant calling. Since 454 pyrosequencing relies on PCR-driven target amplification, it is key to differentiate errors introduced during the amplification step from genuine minority variants. Thereto, optimal primer design is imperative because primer selection, primer dimer formation, and nonspecific binding may all affect the quality and outcome of amplicon-based deep sequencing. Also, other intrinsic PCR characteristics including amplification drift and the formation of secondary structures may influence sequencing data quality. We illustrate these phenomena using real life case studies and propose experimental and analytical evidence-based solutions for effective practice. Furthermore, because accuracy of the DNA polymerase is vital for reliable UDS results, a comparative analysis of error profiles from seven different DNA polymerases was performed and experimentally assessed in parallel by 454 sequencing. Finally, intra and interrun variability evaluation of the 454 sequencing protocol revealed highly reproducible results in amplicon-based UDS.
Creatine kinase, an enzyme of many forms. (1982)

Journal Article Creatine kinase, an enzyme of many forms. Get access H Lang, H Lang Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U Würzburg U Würzburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 28, Issue 7, 1 July 1982, Pages 1439–1447, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/28.7.1439 Published: 01 July 1982
Review of Implementation of Augmented Reality into the Georeferenced Analogue and Digital Maps and Images (2018)

Augmented reality (AR) combines information from databases with information derived directly through the human senses or different sensors. AR is the organic, real-time, and dynamically overlaying virtual images created by computers and other information on a real environment that the observer can see. Virtual information changes according to the movement of the observer, as if that virtual information truly exists in the real world. The convergence of geographic information systems (GIS), web mapping, mobile technology, and augmented reality (AR) implies the emergence of location based systems (LBS) and, in turn, the diminishing use of traditional analog maps by smartphone users. The focus and review of current achievements in this subject on the wider trends of the use of AR also prove that coding of some data and metadata on an image or a map (both in digital and analogue form) permits inter alia the inclusion of, for example, a paper map or analogue image into the chain of digital devices use. Some solutions, remarks, and comments concerning functioning of the digitally augmented (printed) map and their digital counterparts within the information society are presented.
Augmented reality during angiography: Integration of a virtual mirror for improved 2D/3D visualization (2012)

Visualizing 2D and 3D anatomical information simultaneously within an X-ray image is challenging. Multiple monitors are required in the operating room to enable visualization of anatomical data by the surgeon. Consequently, this results in an interruption during the operation for proper assessment of information. In this paper, we introduce an interactive visualization of the 3D data from new perspectives including visualizing a virtual mirror from the same viewpoint as the X-ray source. The main contribution is our development of a complete angiographic visualization system that displays simultaneous 2D X-ray and 3D anatomical information in a common monitor for the surgeon in the operating room. No previous works have conceived the integration of the virtual mirror into the projection geometry of a C-arm fluoroscope. In total, 24 participants were asked to assess the benefits of the angiographic virtual mirror with different colour-depth encodings. The results of our feasibility study show a clear improvement when deciphering the true positions of aneurysms in X-ray. Lastly, color depth encoding improves correspondence between the 3D vasculature displayed in the virtual mirror to their projection images in X-ray.
Query aggregation for providing efficient data services in sensor networks (2005)

Providing efficient data services is one of the fundamental requirements for wireless sensor networks. The data service paradigm requires that the application submit its requests as queries and the sensor network transmits the requested data to the application. While most existing work in this area focuses on data aggregation, not much attention has been paid to query aggregation. For many applications, especially ones with high query rates, query aggregation is very important. We study a query aggregation-based approach for providing efficient data services. In particular: (1) we propose a multi-layered overlay-based framework consisting of a query manager and access points (nodes), where the former provides the query aggregation plan and the latter executes the plan; (2) we design an effective query aggregation algorithm to reduce the number of duplicate/overlapping queries and save overall energy consumption in the sensor network Our performance evaluations show that by applying our query aggregation algorithm, the overall energy consumption can be significantly reduced and the sensor network lifetime can be prolonged correspondingly.
Approximations for the disjoint paths problem in high-diameter planar networks (1995)

Article Free Access Share on Approximations for the disjoint paths problem in high-diameter planar networks Authors: Jon Kleinberg MIT MITView Profile , Éva Tardos Cornell University Cornell UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims STOC '95: Proceedings of the twenty-seventh annual ACM symposium on Theory of computingMay 1995 Pages 26–35https://doi.org/10.1145/225058.225075Published:29 May 1995Publication History 40citation409DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations40Total Downloads409Last 12 Months24Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
<i>Earthquake Engineering</i> (1970)

Book Review| October 01, 1970 Earthquake Engineeringedited by Robert L. Wiegel, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 518 pages, 1970 C. Martin Duke C. Martin Duke School of Engineering and Applied Science University of California, Los Angeles Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (1970) 60 (5): 1755–1757. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0600051755B Article history first online: 03 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation C. Martin Duke; Earthquake Engineeringedited by Robert L. Wiegel, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 518 pages, 1970. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 1970;; 60 (5): 1755–1757. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0600051755B Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentBy SocietyBulletin of the Seismological Society of America Search Advanced Search This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this article.
BIOCATALYST-ADSORBANT SYSTEMS: A VIABLE ALTERNATIVE TO PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSES IN SOLUTION (2002)

Proteolytic biocatalysts were adsorbed and stabilized using alumina as a support medium. Two biocatalyst-adsorbant systems were prepared with different physical characteristics of the adsorbant: alumina powder and alumina pearls. Direct adsorption onto the support medium has the main advantage, over other fixation methods, that preliminary steps are not required for a good interaction between the support and the biocatalyst. Proteases were adsorbed and stabilized without modifying or sterically hindering their active sites. Parameters affecting adsorption (pH, temperature, ionic strength) were varied so as to optimize adsorption conditions. Operational viability of the immobilized biocatalysts was demonstrated, taking into account the rate of desorption, resistance to microbial attack, and stability during storage. Desorption in water was studied in batch and continuous-flow processes, at various flow rates. The systems also proved to be resistant to microorganisms. Tests for stability during storage found the systems' activity remained constant after 60 days, and they performed better than biocatalysts in solution. Proteolysis of a solution of g per litre of azocasein was carried out in continuous-flow and batch modes, using our biocatalyst-adsorbant systems we prepared. In all cases, free amino group concentrations were around 2.5 times greater after treatment with biocatalyst-adsorbants than they were in the starting solution.
Affordable Ink-Jet Printed Antennas for RFID Applications (2012)

With the increasing demands of radio-frequency identification (RFID) applications, an alternative ink-jet printing technique for RFID tag antenna is demonstrated. Commercially available ink-jet printers are adapted for conductive printing, in order to minimize manufacturing cost. Paper-based dipole antenna and dipole with a tuning stub antenna were designed. The antennas were ink-jet printed and assembled with RFID chips. The performances of the fabricated tags were measured through the reading range. With reference to equivalent isotropically radiated power of 4 W at 923 MHz, the reading range of tag with dipole antenna is around 9 m and of tag with dipole with a tuning stub is nearly 13 m. These performances are comparable to those of commercial tags. The advantages of the proposed printing technique are simplicity, flexibility and, more importantly, affordability. The technique can, in addition, contribute to further development and enhance extension of RFID applications.
Spatial Dual-Modality Graph Reasoning for Key Information Extraction (2021)

Key information extraction from document images is of paramount importance in office automation. Conventional template matching based approaches fail to generalize well to document images of unseen templates, and are not robust against text recognition errors. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end Spatial Dual-Modality Graph Reasoning method (SDMG-R) to extract key information from unstructured document images. We model document images as dual-modality graphs, nodes of which encode both the visual and textual features of detected text regions, and edges of which represent the spatial relations between neighboring text regions. The key information extraction is solved by iteratively propagating messages along graph edges and reasoning the categories of graph nodes. In order to roundly evaluate our proposed method as well as boost the future research, we release a new dataset named WildReceipt, which is collected and annotated tailored for the evaluation of key information extraction from document images of unseen templates in the wild. It contains 25 key information categories, a total of about 69000 text boxes, and is about 2 times larger than the existing public datasets. Extensive experiments validate that all information including visual features, textual features and spatial relations can benefit key information extraction. It has been shown that SDMG-R can effectively extract key information from document images of unseen templates, and obtain new state-of-the-art results on the recent popular benchmark SROIE and our WildReceipt. Our code and dataset will be publicly released.
Evaluation of permanently charged electrofibrous filters (1982)

These studies showed that loading the permanently charged filters with captured aerosols will lead to a neutralization of the filter charge. The transfer from the captured aerosol to the fiber surface and the subsequent neutralization of fiber charge. The increased efficiency is due to the additional mechanical capture by the particle deposits. The minimum efficiency obtained during the loading of solid aerosols is determined by the aerosol charge, with highly charged aerosols producing a lower minimum. Permanently charged filters lose their fiber charge when exposed to organic solvents or ionic water solutions. The fiber charge neutralization was minimized by coating the charged fibers with a polymer. Several different coating techniques were examined. Unfortunately, preventing the neutralization of fiber charge is not sufficient to prevent a deterioration of filter efficiency.
SIESTA: a multi-facet scan design system (1992)

Scan design methodology has led to a range of design-for-testability techniques. However, scan techniques are not universally accepted by circuit designers because of the various overheads involved, such as chip area, performance, I/O pin count and test application time. The authors present a multi-facet scan design system called SIESTA that attempts to find solutions that satisfy designer goals and constraints. SIESTA incorporates a range of methodologies and optimization techniques that deal with the issues of partial scan, circuit partitioning, test application and scan path chaining. It employs several new concepts that do not exist in other scan design systems. >