gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Design Flow and Optimizations for Multiproject Wafers (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The aggressive scaling of very large-scale integration feature size and the pervasive use of advanced reticle enhancement technologies lead to dramatic increases in mask costs, pushing prototype and low-volume production designs to the limit of economic feasibility. Multiproject wafers (MPWs), or “shuttle” runs, provide an attractive solution for such designs by providing a mechanism to share the cost of mask tooling among up to tens of designs. However, MPW reticle floorplanning and wafer dicing introduce complexities that are not encountered in typical single-project wafers. Recent works on wafer dicing adopt one or more of the following assumptions to reduce problem complexity: 1) equal production volume requirement for all designs; 2) same dicing plan used for all wafers or for all rows/columns of reticle images on a wafer; 3) unrealistic wafer models such as a rectangular array of projections; and 4) fixed wafer shot-map. Although using one or more of the aforementioned assumptions makes the problem solvable, the performance of the solutions is degraded. In this paper, a comprehensive MPW flow aimed at minimizing the number of wafers needed to fulfill given die production volumes is proposed. The proposed flow includes two main steps: 1) multiproject reticle floorplanning and 2) wafer shot-map and dicing plan definition. For each of these steps, improved algorithms are proposed as follows. The proposed reticle floorplanner uses a hierarchical quadrisection combined with simulated annealing to generate “diceable” floorplans, observing given maximum reticle sizes. The proposed dicing planner allows multiple side-to-side dicing plans for different wafers and different reticle projection rows/columns within a wafer and further improves the dicing yield by partitioning each wafer into a small number of parts before individual die extraction. A wafer shot-map definition heuristic is also proposed in order to fully utilize round wafer real estate by extracting the maximum number of functional dies from both fully and partially printed reticle images. Experiments on industry test cases show that the proposed methods outperform significantly not only previous methods in the literature but also reticle floorplans manually designed by experienced engineers. </para>
The impact of supply chain complexity on manufacturing plant performance (2008)

Abstract This paper puts forth a model of supply chain complexity and empirically tests it using plant‐level data from 209 plants across seven countries. The results show that upstream complexity, internal manufacturing complexity, and downstream complexity all have a negative impact on manufacturing plant performance. Furthermore, supply chain characteristics that drive dynamic complexity are shown to have a greater impact on performance than those that drive only detail complexity. In addition to providing a definition and empirical test of supply chain complexity, the study serves to link the systems complexity literature to the prescriptions found in the flexibility and lean production literatures. Finally, this research establishes a base from which to extend previous work linking operations strategy to organization design [Flynn, B.B., Flynn, E.J., 1999. Information‐processing alternatives for coping with manufacturing environment complexity. Decision Sciences 30 (4), 1021–1052].
Glucocorticoids selectively inhibit translation of ribosomal protein mRNAs in P1798 lymphosarcoma cells. (1987)

When P1798 murine lymphosarcoma cells are exposed to 10(-7) M dexamethasone, there is a dramatic inhibition of rRNA synthesis, which is completely reversible when the hormone is withdrawn. In the present experiments we examined whether dexamethasone treatment causes any alteration in the accumulation or utilization of mRNAs that encode ribosomal proteins (rp mRNAs). No effect on the accumulation of six different rp mRNAs was detected. However, the translation of five of six rp mRNAs was selectively inhibited in the presence of the hormone, as judged by a substantial decrease in ribosomal loading. Normal translation of rp mRNA was resumed within a few hours after hormone withdrawal. In untreated or fully recovered cells, the distribution of rp mRNAs between polyribosomes and free ribonucleoprotein is distinctly bimodal, suggesting that rp mRNAs are subject to a particular form of translational control in which they are either translationally inactive or fully loaded with ribosomes. A possible relationship between this mode of translational control and the selective suppression of rp mRNA translation by glucocorticoids is discussed.
Intramuscular Selenium Administration in Selenium-Deficient Cattle (1993)

Nine recently weaned Hereford heifers were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 3) or a treatment group (n = 6). The animals were selenium (Se) deficient (mean +/- SD blood Se concentration = 0.024 +/- 0.012 microgram/mL). They were maintained on a selenium-deficient diet, and on day 0 of the study the treatment group was given 0.05 mg Se/kg body weight intramuscularly, while the control group received a placebo. The Se concentration of blood, serum, and urine as well as the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of blood and serum was measured over an 84-day period. Peak blood Se and serum Se concentrations (mean +/- SD) in the treatment group occurred at 5 hours postinjection and were 0.131 +/- 0.028 microgram/mL and 0.154 +/- 0.027 microgram/mL, respectively. The mean blood Se concentration of the treatment group was greater (P < .05) than that of the control group for the first 28 days after injection. The mean serum Se concentration of the treatment group was greater (P < .05) than that of the control group for all times after injection, except for day 56. The mean (+/- SD) blood GSH-Px activity of the treatment group (12.0 +/- 2.3 mU/min/mg hemoglobin) was increased (P < .05) over the control group (2.0 +/- 1.4 mU/min/mg hemoglobin) by day 28 and continued to be greater (P < .05) throughout the 84 day postinjection period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Electronically controlled active-C filters and equalizers with operational transconductance amplifiers (1984)

Current-controlled filters and equalizers that employ only operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA's) and capacitors are presented. Those circuits can be integrated in bipolar technology and are characterized by good linearity between controlled parameters and their respective control currents.
Discovery of an insertion sequence, IS116, from Streptomyces clavuligerus and its relatedness to other transposable elements from actinomycetes (1990)

We have identified an insertion sequence, IS116, present in Streptomyces clavuligerus at one copy per genome. The element was discovered as a 1.4 kb insertion into the multicopy plasmid pIJ702 after propagation in S. clavuligerus. The nucleotide sequence of IS116 and the flanking sequences from pIJ702 have been determined. The junctions with pIJ702 show no target site duplication and there are no inverted repeats at the ends of the element. One putative coding open reading frame of 1197 bp was identified which would code for a protein product of 399 amino acids. This protein resembles deduced integrase/transposase proteins specified by three other transposable elements of actinomycetes: IS110 and the mini-circle from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), and--most particularly--IS900 of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Two regions that are relatively conserved among these gene products show features found in similar positions in many reverse transcriptases. IS116 and IS900 are also closely similar in their general organization and (apparently) in their insertion site specificity, whereas IS110 and the mini-circle are quite different in these features.
Cation Migration Into Empty Octahedral Sites and Surface Properties of Clays (1971)

Abstract The migration of small cations into the empty octahedral sites of dioctahedral clays allows one to study the local effects in the trioctahedral structure and the consequences of the exchange capacity decrease on the solvation properties. The results concern essentially the montmorillonite saturated by lithium. Computations based on a point charge model shows the necessity for the OH groups to undergo a reorientation when the lithium ions are within the octahedral sites. This change of orientation was studied by i.r. spectroscopy which permits one to estimate the amounts of lithium present in the structure. By analogy with i.r. results obtained for the Li, Mg, Ca and K montmorillonites, one can say that the non-exchangeable lithium which is not within the octahedral sites must be in the bottom of the hexagonal cavities. Moreover, it is shown that the solvation properties of the clay depend on the number of exchangeable cations and on the nature of the solvent. The clay does not swell with water when the amount of exchangeable cation is lower than 50 per cent of the exchange capacity. This limit is 30 per cent with glycerol, and 20 per cent with ethylene glycol.
Characterization of a potent and selective small-molecule inhibitor of the PIM1 kinase (2007)

The pim-1 kinase is a true oncogene that has been implicated in the development of leukemias, lymphomas, and prostate cancer, and is the target of drug development programs. We have used experimental approaches to identify a selective, cell-permeable, small-molecule inhibitor of the pim-1 kinase to foster basic and translational studies of the enzyme. We used an ELISA-based kinase assay to screen a diversity library of potential kinase inhibitors. The flavonol quercetagetin (3,3',4',5,6,7-hydroxyflavone) was identified as a moderately potent, ATP-competitive inhibitor (IC(50), 0.34 micromol/L). Resolution of the crystal structure of PIM1 in complex with quercetagetin or two other flavonoids revealed a spectrum of binding poses and hydrogen-bonding patterns in spite of strong similarity of the ligands. Quercetagetin was a highly selective inhibitor of PIM1 compared with PIM2 and seven other serine-threonine kinases. Quercetagetin was able to inhibit PIM1 activity in intact RWPE2 prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner (ED(50), 5.5 micromol/L). RWPE2 cells treated with quercetagetin showed pronounced growth inhibition at inhibitor concentrations that blocked PIM1 kinase activity. Furthermore, the ability of quercetagetin to inhibit the growth of other prostate epithelial cell lines varied in proportion to their levels of PIM1 protein. Quercetagetin can function as a moderately potent and selective, cell-permeable inhibitor of the pim-1 kinase, and may be useful for proof-of-concept studies to support the development of clinically useful PIM1 inhibitors.
Stream reasoning and complex event processing in ETALIS (2012)

Addressing dynamics and notifications in the Semantic Web realm has recently become an important area of research. Run time data is continuously generated by multiple social networks, sensor networks, various on-line services and so forth. How to get
Optically transparent node for a multiple-bit- rate photonic packet-switched local area network (1993)

Packet switching is an attractive method for transferring digital information across high-speed communications networks, and it is widely used in local area networks (LAN’s) and metropolitan area networks (MAN’s). A LAN or MAN that uses nodes that are transparent to the optical-information bandwidth1 has several advantages over an equivalent electronic network, including flexibility of data format and the ability to avoid electronic speed bottlenecks. It has been shown2 that the use of an optically transparent photonic packet switch permits data-transfer rates for the information content of a packet (the payload) to be made independent of the address header data rate. Thus a network constructed with optically transparent nodes can use relatively inexpensive nodes that operate at low bit rates while higher-speed nodes can communicate at much higher data rates.
2,2-Disubstituted 1,3-Dioxolanes and 2,2-Disubstituted 1,3-Dioxanes (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2,2-Disubstituted 1,3-Dioxolanes and 2,2-Disubstituted 1,3-DioxanesROBERT I. MELTZER, ARNOLD D. LEWIS, JOSEPH VOLPE, and DAVID M. LUSTGARTENCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 5, 712–715Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01075a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01075a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views385Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Study of 3D Packaging Interconnection Performance Affected by Thermal Diffusivity and Pressure Transmission (2019)

3D packaging technology has been considered as one of the best candidates to improve the system performance by implementing high I/O density as well as providing shortest signal channel path with given package form factor. However, it is difficult to uniformly control the bonding thickness and the precisely align the bumps other than thermo compression (TC) bonding to enable 3D packaging. Moreover, high chip cost and possibly low productivity of TC bonding are main business reasons to prevent this attractive technology from prevailing the mass production environment. To address these well-known technical issues of TC bonding, non-conductive film are proposed for especially high vertical stack with small bump pitch and also minimum chip to chip distance required packages such as high bandwidth memory. In this article, we investigated key process parameters to understand how to optimize bonding process to ensure excellent joint quality for highly dense 3D packages products.
Characterization of SiCN Ceramic Material Dielectric Properties at High Temperatures for Harsh Environment Sensing Applications (2012)

A novel method is presented in this paper to precisely characterize the dielectric properties of silicon carbon nitride (SiCN) ceramic materials at high temperatures for wireless passive sensing applications. This technique is based on a high quality factor ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> ) dielectrically loaded cavity resonator, which allows for accurate characterization of both dielectric constant and loss tangent. The dielectric properties of SiCN ceramics are characterized from 25 °C to 1000 °C. Two different metallization processes are implemented for the measurements with the highest temperatures of 500 °C and 1000 °C, respectively. A custom-made thru-reflect-line calibration kit is used to maximize the measurement accuracy at every temperature point. It is observed that the dielectric constant and loss tangent of the SiCN sample without Boron doping increase from 3.707 to 3.883 and from 0.0038 to 0.0213, respectively, when the temperature is raised from 25 °C to 500 °C, and for the SiCN with Boron doping (SiBCN), the dielectric constant and loss tangent increase from 4.817 to 5.132 and from 0.0020 to 0.0186, respectively, corresponding to the temperature ranging from 25 °C to 1000 °C. Experimental uncertainties for extracted ε <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</i> and tanδ are no more than 0.0004 and 0.0001, respectively. The temperature dependency of Si(B)CN dielectric properties, as well as the dielectrically loaded cavity resonator structure, provides the basis for the development of wireless passive temperature sensors for high-temperature applications.
A novel three-phase sinusoidal PWM voltage source inverter and its application for photovoltaic power generation system (2002)

In this paper, a novel three-phase sinusoidal PWM voltage source inverter (VSI) is proposed. The inverter has an additional arm to the normal PWM three-phase bridge circuit. The additional arm contributes to reduce the ripple in the AC output current. As an example of the application of this VSI, a utility-connected photovoltaic power generation system is shown. In the system, smooth DC current without pulsation is supplied from a PV array, and the VSI provides sinusoidal AC current for domestic loads and the utility line.
Erosion control and storm water quality from straw with PAM, mulch, and compost blankets of varying particle sizes (2007)

ABSTRACT: Compost and mulch blankets have been widely used for slope stabilization and erosion control at construction sites; however, the majority of research on these erosion control blankets has failed to meet state or federal specifications for particle size distribution. The primary objective of this study was to determine how blending wood mulch with compost may affect its performance as an erosion control practice relative to a straw blanket with polyacrylamide (PAM). The secondary objective of this study was to determine if particle size distribution of the organic erosion control blanket affects runoff, erosion, and vegetation establishment. Researchers concluded that the greater percent of compost used in an erosion control blanket, the lower the total runoff and the slower the runoff rate. Compost erosion control blankets retained 80% of the simulated rainfall applied and reduced cumulative storm runoff by 60%, while the wood mulch blankets reduced runoff by 34% and straw with PAM by 27%. Conversely, the greater the percent of mulch used in the erosion control blanket, the lower the sediment and suspended sediment load. However, any combination of compost and mulch reduced runoff volume, runoff rate, and soil loss relative to a straw blanket with polyacrylamide. The average cover management factor (C factor) for the straw with PAM was 0.189, the compost blanket was 0.065, and the mulch blanket was 0.013. Researchers also concluded that particle size distribution of the compost and mulch blankets was the leading parameter that reduced soil loss and runoff. If particle size distribution specifications are not followed, total soil loss can be four times greater, suspended solids can be five times greater, and turbidity can be eight times greater, relative to blankets that meet particle size distribution specifications. Nitrogen and phosphorus loading from mineral fertilizer used with conventional straw blankets may lead to increased nutrient loading of receiving surface water relative to the compost and mulch blankets. The straw blanket with fertilizer increased total Kjeldahl nitrogen loading by more than 8,000%, the compost blanket increased total Kjeldahl nitrogen by 340%, and the mulch blanket by 18% relative to the control. Although the bare soil and mulch blanket treatments did not contribute any soluble phosphorus (P) to runoff, relative to the compost blanket, the soluble P load from the straw blanket with PAM was 3,800% greater. Results from this study may be used to revise particle size specifications for compost erosion control blankets and to help regulators and design professionals determine which type of erosion control best management practice is best for their particular application.
Priority Based Inter-Vehicle Communication in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks using IEEE 802.11e (2007)

In this paper, we study the use of IEEE 802.11e for priority based safety messaging for inter-vehicle communications (IVC) in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET). The message priorities, which are assigned based on message urgency, are associated with different quality of service in terms of average delay and normalized throughput. We investigate the use of IEEE 802.11e to provide priority based service differentiation. To increase the communication reliability we also apply a repetitive transmission mechanism that provides proportional reliability differentiation for each prioritized message. We evaluate the performance of our proposed protocol using OPNET Modeler, in terms of average delay and normalized throughput as a function of the number of repetitions, number of vehicles, bit error rates, data rates, percentage of priority 1 vehicles and packet size. The results show that using proper parameter setting for IEEE 802.11e and appropriate number of repetitions per priority class will result in an efficient solution for IVC that supports different priority safety messaging.
A low-power sense amplifier for adiabatic memory using memristor (2012)

This paper proposes a sense amplifier for adiabatic memory using memristor. The proposed sense amplifier uses current rate sensing method. In simulation the proposed sense amplifier is to connect the content addressable memory (CAM) with adiabatic driving. From the results we show that the proposed circuit is correctly operated and its power dissipation is 36.1 pJ/cycle.
Low-Temperature Growth and Measurement of Oxygen in Reactively Sputtered AlN Thin Films (1995)

Aluminium nitride (AlN) thin films have been grown on a variety of substrates using low-temperature radio frequency reactive sputtering of aluminium in pure nitrogen plasma. Quantitative analyses of the film composition, carried out using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), suggest the resulting films to be near stoichiometric with high amounts of oxygen present in them. The high concentration of oxygen in our films is attributed to the voided microstructure as revealed by cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy.
Visual Attraction of the Walnut Husk Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to Color Rectangles and Spheres (1985)

Journal Article Visual Attraction of the Walnut Husk Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to Color Rectangles and Spheres Get access Helmut Riedl, Helmut Riedl Department of Entomological Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Hislop R. Hislop Department of Entomological Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Environmental Entomology, Volume 14, Issue 6, 1 December 1985, Pages 810–814, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/14.6.810 Published: 01 December 1985