gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prioritized time-constraint P2P packet scheduling using Lagrange multiplier for advertisement push/broadcast systems (2010)

In traditional advertisement push/broadcast applications, a lot of advertisement files will be directly downloaded from telcom operators (or content providers) to subscribers, and more bandwidth resources are needed. However, the server's upload bandwidth might be the performance bottleneck when many files are downloaded at meanwhile. It results in network congestion, incompletely received files and playback failure possibly. Although Peer-to-Peer (P2P) techniques tackled problems of network congestion, past researches can not still promise that files can be received by the expected arrival deadline because no important factors, e.g., the constraint deadline, priority and file sizes, are all considered. In this paper, we propose prioritized time-constraint P2P packet scheduling for advertisement push/broadcast systems. According to the currently available bandwidth, transmitted file sizes and the expected arrival deadline, each priority of file transmission can be determined, and then bandwidth resources will be allocated properly using the Lagrange multiplier. In our experiments, we will give an example and prove that the ratio of the just-in-time file arrival will increase with distinct control parameters, e.g., deadline away and file sizes.
Behavioral and immunohistochemical changes in an experimental arthritis model in rats (1993)

An experimental arthritis induced by injection of kaolin and carrageenan into the knee joint resulted in a temporal relationship between glutamate dorsal horn content and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) which was positively correlated. Limping, guarding, increased response to heat stimuli (hyperalgesia) and altered staining patterns for glutamate (GLU), substance P (SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were monitored in the awake behaving arthritic rat over a 1 week time course. A decrease in PWL occurred on the side ipsilateral to the inflamed knee as early as 4 h after the induction of arthritis indicating the animals are hyperalgesic. The PWL remained decreased through the first 24 h. Computer-assisted quantification of the density of immunohistochemical staining indicated the content of GLU, SP and CGRP was altered differentially throughout the time course of the arthritis. The changes observed for all three substances occurred across the entire superficial dorsal horn. There was an initial depletion of SP followed by an increase in both SP and CGRP content which was maintained through 1 week. The GLU content was increased during the hyperalgesic period. The GLU changes followed the same time course and were positively correlated with the changes in PWL. In a small group of animals injected with kaolin and carrageenan, hyperalgesia did not develop. In this group of animals, no change in dorsal horn GLU or SP content occurred. Rather, there was an increase in CGRP content in the middle portion of the superficial dorsal horn which is the termination site of knee joint afferents. These data indicate that the development of heat hyperalgesia is dependent on GLU and possibly SP. Since inflammation of the knee joint does not involve the foot pad, the heat hyperalgesia observed during the first 24 h following induction of arthritis represents a central neuronal sensitization.
Modification Targeting the “Rana Box” Motif of a Novel Nigrocin Peptide From Hylarana latouchii Enhances and Broadens Its Potency Against Multiple Bacteria (2018)

Public health is confronting the threat caused by antibiotic resistance and this means new antibacterial strategies must be developed urgently. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been considered as promising therapeutic candidates against infection in the post-antibiotic era. In this paper, we dismissed the significance of "Rana box" in the natural nigrocin-HL identified from skin secretion of <i>Hylarana latouchii</i> by comparing its activity with nigrocin-HLD without the motif. By substituting the "Rana box" sequence with an amidated phenylalanine residue, the natural peptide was modified into a shorter AMP nigrocin-HLM. Activities and toxicities of these two peptides <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> were compared. As a result, nigrocin-HLM not only displayed significantly increased potency against several representative microbes, but also high activity against the antibiotic-resistant methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA, NCTC 12493 and ATCC43300 and several clinical isolates) as evidenced by markedly reduced minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC). More strikingly, nigrocin-HLM exhibited prominent inhibition against MRSA infection in a pneumonia mice model. In addition, the substitution attenuated the toxicity of nigrocin-HLM as evidenced by precipitously decreased hemolytic and cytotoxic activities <i>in vitro</i>, and acute toxicity to mice <i>in vivo</i>. Taken these results into consideration, nigrocin-HLM should be a promising therapeutic candidate for anti-infection. And in addition to dismiss an indispensable role of "Rana box" in maintaining antimicrobial activity of nigrocin-HL, our data provided an inspired strategy for peptide optimization.
Adoptive immunotherapy of murine cytomegalovirus adrenalitis in the immunocompromised host: CD4-helper-independent antiviral function of CD8-positive memory T lymphocytes derived from latently infected donors (1988)

The ability of memory T lymphocytes derived from latently infected mice to control murine cytomegalovirus disease in the immunocompromised host was studied by adoptive transfer experiments. At a stage of pathogenesis when virus had already colonized target tissues, a therapeutic antiviral function could be ascribed to the CD8+ subset. This in vivo function was not restricted to sites in which intravenously infused lymphocytes usually are trapped or home in, such as the lungs or the spleen, respectively, but was also evident in the adrenal glands, a site to which antiviral effector cells have to specifically migrate. Specific infiltration of adrenal gland cortical tissue by donor-derived CD8+ memory T lymphocytes was demonstrated. CD4+ memory T lymphocytes had no antiviral effect by themselves and also were not required for the function of the CD8+ effector cells in this short-term immunotherapy model. These findings should help settle the debate about which subset of T lymphocytes comprises the effector cells that can directly control cytomegalovirus infection in the murine model system.
Association of Body Mass Index, Body Fat, and Weight Gain With Inflammation Markers Among Rural Residents in Japan. (2003)

Because obesity is thought to play a key role in atherosclerosis through the low-grade chronic inflammation, the present study was designed to investigate associations of body mass index (BMI), body fat, and weight gain with optimized inflammation markers in 1,053 residents who were 40 years of age and older from a rural community (total population = 3,940 in 2000) in Japan. People reporting having a cold and those who did not undergo blood examinations were excluded. C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, serum albumin, and white blood cell (WBC) count were used as the markers for inflammation, body fat was calculated by a conventional method, and weight change since the age of 20 was assessed. The BMI and body fat significantly increased with CRP quartile, and its correlation coefficients to BMI or body fat were relatively high. Similar associations were found for fibrinogen, serum albumin and WBC. Multivariate-adjusted analysis found a high concentration of CRP was significantly associated with obesity, but attenuated the association in other markers. In an analysis restricted to people aged 40-69 years, body fat levels were more strongly associated with CRP and fibrinogen than with BMI only. Furthermore, only CRP concentrations were significantly elevated according to weight gain. Strong associations of CRP concentration with BMI, body fat, and weight gain were found among elderly Japanese, but not with fibrinogen, serum albumin or WBC.
Radiosensitivity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (1992)

Journal Article Radiosensitivity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Get access B. Conway, B. Conway Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and Department of Orthopedics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Correspondence: Dr. Brian Conway, Ottawa General Hospital, 501 Smyth, Room LM-15, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. W. Tomford W. W. Tomford Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and Department of Orthopedics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 14, Issue 4, April 1992, Pages 978–979, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/14.4.978 Published: 01 April 1992
Tomographic reconstruction of 3-D vector fields using inner product probes (1994)

Inner product probe measurements are defined for tomographic reconstruction of 3-D vector fields. It is shown that one set of measurements is required to reconstruct an irrotational field, two are required to reconstruct a solenoidal field and special probes are required to reconstruct the components of an arbitrary field.
Sensitized Near-IR Luminescence of Ln(III) Complexes with Benzothiazole Derivatives (2007)

Lanthanide complexes with benzothiazole derivatives (Btz-R, R = OCH(3) and OH) and terpyridine (tpy) ligands were synthesized, and their photophysical properties were precisely investigated. The free Btz-OCH(3) ligand in toluene, excited with UV light, produced the normal emission bands around 410 nm, whereas Btz-OH produced a strong excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) band at 510 nm. The Ln(III) complexes (Ln = Nd, Er, and Yb) exhibited sensitized near-IR luminescence when the Btz-R ligands were excited. The sensitized luminescence quantum yields (Phi(Ln)) of the lanthanide complexes were markedly enhanced by ESIPT: for [Nd(Btz-R)(tpy)] in toluene solution, Phi(Ln) = 0.04% for Btz-OCH(3) and 0.39% for Btz-OH. The sensitized luminescence of the Er(III) complexes (Phi(Ln) = 0.002% for Btz-OCH(3) and 0.009% for Btz-OH) was less efficient than that of the Nd(III) complexes. This difference is due to the smaller energy gap between the emitting and ground levels of the Er(III) ion. The rate constants for the energy transfer from Btz-R to Ln(III) were about approximately 10(9) s(-1), as evaluated by the Förster resonance energy transfer mechanism.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lifestyle: A Paradigm for Adaptation, Survival, and Persistence (2017)

<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is an opportunistic pathogen affecting immunocompromised patients. It is known as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and as one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections. Due to a range of mechanisms for adaptation, survival and resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics, infections by <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains can be life-threatening and it is emerging worldwide as public health threat. This review highlights the diversity of mechanisms by which <i>P. aeruginosa</i> promotes its survival and persistence in various environments and particularly at different stages of pathogenesis. We will review the importance and complexity of regulatory networks and genotypic-phenotypic variations known as adaptive radiation by which <i>P. aeruginosa</i> adjusts physiological processes for adaptation and survival in response to environmental cues and stresses. Accordingly, we will review the central regulatory role of quorum sensing and signaling systems by nucleotide-based second messengers resulting in different lifestyles of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Furthermore, various regulatory proteins will be discussed which form a plethora of controlling systems acting at transcriptional level for timely expression of genes enabling rapid responses to external stimuli and unfavorable conditions. Antibiotic resistance is a natural trait for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and multiple mechanisms underlying different forms of antibiotic resistance will be discussed here. The importance of each mechanism in conferring resistance to various antipseudomonal antibiotics and their prevalence in clinical strains will be described. The underlying principles for acquiring resistance leading pan-drug resistant strains will be summarized. A future outlook emphasizes the need for collaborative international multidisciplinary efforts to translate current knowledge into strategies to prevent and treat <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infections while reducing the rate of antibiotic resistance and avoiding the spreading of resistant strains.
Movements (1983)

TYPE Characteristics Electric Motor Air Motor Hydraulic Motor Starting torque ** * *** Power weight up to 400 rev/m **** ** ***** Power weight 400–4000 rev/m ** *** **** Power weight over 4000 rev/m ***** **** — Immunity to environment * ***** **** Power price up to 400 rev/m ** * **** Power price up to 400–4000 rev/m *** ** *** Power price over 4000 rev/m ***** **** — * = very poor, ** = poor, *** = medium, **** = good, ***** = excellent
A qualitative and quantitative HPTLC densitometry method for the analysis of cannabinoids in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. (2009)

Results have shown that the HPTLC method is reproducible and accurate for the quantification of Delta(9)-THC in cannabis. The method is also useful for the qualitative screening of the main neutral cannabinoids found in cannabis cultivars.
A high speed digital data system for underwater acoustic measurements (1971)

A high speed digital data system, incorporating some novel features such as duobinary baseband transmission, has been designed for at-sea underwater acoustic measurements. The system performance requirements, configuration, functional blocks and in-use results are outlined in this paper. While the equipment described uses a coaxial cable between the underwater unit and the recording ship, the design is adaptable to R.F. telemetry techniques using a free-floating or moored buoy.
Patient and Caregiver Interplay in Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: Family Caregiver’s Experience (2016)

The purpose of this study was to identify family caregivers' experiences in managing the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) with particular focus on their interpersonal interactions with patient with dementia. Data were collected through focus-group interviews with 15 family caregivers from three local dementia-support centers located in Seoul. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Three main themes were identified through data analysis: triggers of BPSD, family caregiver's actions in response to BPSD and patient's reactions, and the effect of BPSD on family caregivers. Findings demonstrated that BPSD depended on the complex interplay of family caregivers and patients, including their interaction style. This information could help nurses when counseling and educating family caregivers to improve or modify their attitudes and approaches to behavioral symptoms of patients.
Optoelectronic devices, plasmonics, and photonics with topological insulators (2017)

Topological insulators are innovative materials with semiconducting bulk together with surface states forming a Dirac cone, which ensure metallic conduction in the surface plane. Therefore, topological insulators represent an ideal platform for optoelectronics and photonics. The recent progress of science and technology based on topological insulators enables the exploitation of their huge application capabilities. Here, we review the recent achievements of optoelectronics, photonics, and plasmonics with topological insulators. Plasmonic devices and photodetectors based on topological insulators in a wide energy range, from terahertz to the ultraviolet, promise outstanding impact. Furthermore, the peculiarities, the range of applications, and the challenges of the emerging fields of topological photonics and thermo-plasmonics are discussed.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in osteoarthritis (2010)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is among the most prevalent chronic human health disorders and the most common form of arthritis. It is a leading cause of disability in developed countries. This disease is characterized by cartilage deterioration, synovitis, and remodeling of the subchondral bone. There is not yet a satisfactory treatment to stop or arrest this disease process. Although several candidates for therapeutic approaches have been put forward, recent studies suggest that activation of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is an interesting target for this disease. PPARγ is a ligand-activated transcription factor and member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Agonists of PPARγ inhibit inflammation and reduce synthesis of cartilage degradation products both in vitro and in vivo, and reduce the development/progression of cartilage lesions in OA animal models. This review will highlight the recent experimental studies on the presence of PPARγ in articular tissues and its effect on inflammatory and catabolic responses in chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts, as well as the protective effects of PPARγ ligands in arthritis experimental models. Finally, the role of PPARγ polymorphism in the pathogenesis of OA and related musculoskeletal diseases will also be discussed.
Optical Phase And Gain Control Of A GaAs Mmic Transmit-Receive Module (1989)

This paper reports on the optical gain and phase control of a GaAs MMIC transmit-receive module with applications for active phased array antennas. Amplifier gain control of 15 dB and phase shifts of 45 degrees were obtained using an LED output power 250 [t.w and 50 pm respectively. The experimental results were used as an input to a simulation program to demonstrate the effect of amplitude and phase tapering to control the radiating beam of a linear active phased array antenna.
Fluorine-18 radiolabelling, biodistribution studies and preliminary pet evaluation of a new memantine derivative for imaging the NMDA receptor (1999)

A synthetic method has been established for preparing [F-18]1-amino-3-fluoromethyl-5-methyl-adamantane ([F-18]AFA). Biodistrubution of the radiotracer; in mice showed high brain uptake. The peak uptake (3.78 I.D/g organ) for the brain occurred at 30 min after injection. Accumulation of radioactivity in mouse brain was consistent with the known distribution of the NMDA receptors. The binding of [F-18]AFA to the phencyclidine (PCP) binding sites of the NMDA receptor complex and the sigma recognition sites in a Rhesus monkey was also examined using positron emission tomography (PET). The regional brain distribution of [F-18]AFA was changed by memantine and by (+)-MK-801, indicating competition for the same binding sites. Treatment with haloperidol caused a marked reduction of radioactivity uptake in all the brain regions examined. (-)-Butaclamol, which has pharmacological specificity for sigma sites, did not have any significant effects.
Chemical Penetration Enhancers for Transdermal Drug Delivery- Success and Challenges (2015)

Chemical penetration enhancers (CPEs), which are also referred to as sorption promoters or accelerants have several advantages in transdermal drug delivery. These are painlessness, noninvasiveness and the capacity to increase in transdermal flux in comparison with passive diffusion. Several investigators have used a number of chemical enhancers to demonstrate these important properties. Studies have also been carried out to have a better understanding of the mechanisms of penetration enhancement. It has been postulated that these compounds can enhance transdermal drug delivery by perturbing the stratum corneum, increasing partition coefficient or increasing solubility. In this paper, several compounds used in facilitating percutaneous penetration of drugs have been described and the potential of using them for transdermal drug delivery highlighted. Special attention has been paid to cell-penetrating proteins (protein transduction domains) as well as skin penetrating peptides. Ironically, these are substances that possess high molecular weight themselves but are capable of creating pores through which drugs can penetrate into and through the skin. Concerns relating to irritation and cytotoxicity and efforts to overcome them are discussed.
An Experimental Study of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) with Various Compression Ratios, Intake Air Temperatures and Fuels with Port and Direct Fuel Injection (2003)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A promising approach for reducing both NO<sub>x</sub>- and particulate matter emissions with low fuel consumption is the so called homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion process. Single-cylinder engine tests were carried out to assess the influence of several parameters on the HCCI combustion. The experiments were performed both with port fuel injection (PFI) and with direct injection (DI) under various compression ratios, intake air temperatures and EGR-rates. Special emphasis was put on the fuel composition by using different gasoline and diesel fuels as well as n-heptane. Besides engine out emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NO, O<sub>2</sub>, HC, soot) and in-cylinder pressure indication for burning process analysis, the combustion itself was visualised using an optical probe.</div>
Neutralization of lethal potency and inhibition of enzymatic activity of a phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> neurotoxin, crotxin, by non‐precipitating antibodies (Fab) (1989)

Rabbit antibodies were prepared against both purified catalytic (component-B) and purified non-catalytic (component-A) subunits of crotoxin, the major phospholipase A2 neurotoxin from the South American rattlesnake. They cross-react with crotoxin-like toxins from the venom of several Crotalus species as well as with single-chain phospholipase A2 neurotoxins from Crotalid and Viperid venoms (agkistrodontoxin and ammodytoxin A) but not from Elapid venoms (notexin). Immunological cross-reactions of anti-component-A and anti-component-B sera with crotoxin and with its isolated components A and B showed that component-A exposes determinants of low immunogenicity which are present on component-B, whereas the major antigenic determinants of component-B are not present on component-A. Anti-component-B antibodies, but not anti-component-A antibodies, neutralize the lethal potency of crotoxin and inhibit its enzymatic activity. Furthermore, non-precipitating anti-component-B Fab fragments were as potent as antibodies, indicating that crotoxin neutralization results from the binding of the antibodies to the catalytic subunit, rather than the formation of an immunoprecipitate.
Deformable 2-D mirror using multilayered electrostrictors (1982)

A compact 2-D deformable mirror is proposed which consists of multiple electrostrictive laminar sheets bonded to the backside of a mirror glass plate. A set of desired wave fronts is considered; the sheets are assigned to generate each wave front separately. The electrode of each sheet is designed so that the exact voltage distribution required to deform the mirror surface is approximated optimally by a few discrete voltages. In actual operation, the deformation of the mirror is determined by the superposition of properly weighted contributions from all the actuators. The usefulness of the construction is demonstrated experimentally.