gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
pAM401-Based Shuttle Vectors That Enable Overexpression of Promoterless Genes and One-Step Purification of Tag Fusion Proteins Directly from <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (2001)

Two novel Enterococcus faecalis-Escherichia coli shuttle vectors that utilize the promoter and ribosome binding site of bacA on the E. faecalis plasmid pPD1 were constructed. The vectors were named pMGS100 and pMGS101. pMGS100 was designed to overexpress cloned genes in E. coli and E. faecalis and encodes the bacA promoter followed by a cloning site and stop codon. pMGS101 was designed for the overexpression and purification of a cloned protein fused to a Strep-tag consisting of 9 amino acids at the carboxyl terminus. The Strep-tag provides the cloned protein with an affinity to immobilized streptavidin that facilitates protein purification. We cloned a promoterless beta-galactosidase gene from E. coli and cloned the traA gene of the E. faecalis plasmid pAD1 into the vectors to test gene expression and protein purification, respectively. beta-Galactosidase was expressed in E. coli and E. faecalis at levels of 10(3) and 10 Miller units, respectively. By cloning the pAD1 traA into pMGS101, the protein could be purified directly from a crude lysate of E. faecalis or E. coli with an immobilized streptavidin matrix by one-step affinity chromatography. The ability of TraA to bind DNA was demonstrated by the DNA-associated protein tag affinity chromatography method using lysates prepared from both E. coli and E. faecalis that overexpress TraA. The results demonstrated the usefulness of the vectors for the overexpression and cis/trans analysis of regulatory genes, purification and copurification of proteins from E. faecalis, DNA binding analysis, determination of translation initiation site, and other applications that require proteins purified from E. faecalis.
Stereogenic Propargylic Centers<i>via</i>Base-Mediated Terminal Allene Isomerization (1996)

A study of alkali metal amide-mediated isomerizations of terminal allenes is described. The isomerizations of substituted ethenylidenecyclohexanes to form diastereomeric mixtures of terminal alkynes have been conducted to determine factors which may influence the stereochemistry at the newly formed propargylic centers. An initial base screen revealed that potassium N-methylbutylamide (KMBA) exhibits the highest level of equatorial to axial alkyne diastereoselectivity. With the severely hindered terminal allene 26, the use of potassium 3-aminopropylamide is required to effect isomerization. A general synthesis of deuterated terminal allenes has also been achieved, and a mechanistic study using d(2)-allenes 18a,b has revealed the involvement of a propargylic anion in the course of the KMBA-mediated isomerizations.
Life Extension (1985)

Extension of the life span has become an increasingly prominent subject in the media. Vitamins, nutrient supplements, minerals, and skin creams have been aggressively promoted as being able to delay aging and prolong life. Books on longevity and life extension aimed at promoting such products have made several best-seller lists. A recent Congressional hearing on medical quackery devoted considerable time and effort to investigating anti-aging "cures."1 Unfortunately, there have been few attempts to examine the scientific basis for the claims of life extension made by promoters of such products.This article will examine several interventions that have been proposed to . . .
Na <sup>+</sup> /H <sup>+</sup> exchanger‐dependent intracellular alkalinization is an early event in malignant transformation and plays an essential role in the development of subsequent transformation‐associated phenotypes (2000)

In this study we investigate the mechanism of intracellular pH change and its role in malignant transformation using the E7 oncogene of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16). Infecting NIH3T3 cells with recombinant retroviruses expressing the HPV16 E7 or a transformation deficient mutant we show that alkalinization is transformation specific. In NIH3T3 cells in which transformation can be turned on and followed by induction of the HPV16 E7 oncogene expression, we demonstrate that cytoplasmic alkalinization is an early event and was driven by stimulation of Na+/H+ exchanger activity via an increase in the affinity of the intracellular NHE-1 proton regulatory site. Annulment of the E7-induced cytoplasmic alkalinization by specific inhibition of the NHE-1, acidification of culture medium, or clamping the pHi to nontransformed levels prevented the development of later transformed phenotypes such as increased growth rate, serum-independent growth, anchorage-independent growth, and glycolytic metabolism. These findings were verified in human keratinocytes (HPKIA), the natural host of HPV. Results from both NIH3T3 and HPKIA cells show that alkalinization acts on pathways that are independent of the E2F-mediated transcriptional activation of cell cycle regulator genes. Moreover, we show that the transformation-dependent increase in proliferation is independent of the concomitant stimulation of glycolysis. Finally, treatment of nude mice with the specific inhibitor of NHE-1, DMA, delayed the development of HPV16-keratinocyte tumors. Our data confirm that activation of the NHE-1 and resulting cellular alkalinization is a key mechanism in oncogenic transformation and is necessary for the development and maintenance of the transformed phenotype.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF ALKYL (2E,4E)‐ AND (2Z,4E)‐3,7,11‐TRIMETHYL‐2,4‐DODECADIENOATES, INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS WITH JUVENILE HORMONE ACTIVITY (1975)

Abstract Aus den Glutaconaten (I) und den Aldehyden (II) erhält man die Kondensate (III); aus den freien Säuren sind Lactone wie (IV) und (V), zugänglich, bei der Decarboxylierung werden Lactone wie (VI) und (VII) sowie Monocarbonsäure‐Derivate (VIII) erhalten.
Highly Scalable Digital Silicon Photonic MEMS Switches (2015)

Optical circuit switches with fast switching times can provide rapidly reconfigurable bandwidth in data center networks. Silicon photonic switches are attractive candidates with their fast response times and CMOS process compatibility. In this paper, we report on a 50 × 50 silicon photonic switch with MEMS-actuated vertical adiabatic couplers. The switch is monolithically integrated on a 7.6 × 7.6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> chip. It has an on-chip insertion loss of 8.5 dB. Our switch exhibits a sub-microsecond switching time (0.85 μs), a broad spectral bandwidth (1400-1700 nm), and digital switching characteristic. The switch architecture is highly scalable as light passes through only one switching element irrespective of the switch size.
A probabilistic model of learning by means of problems (1973)

Abstract In this article a problem teaching situation is described and studied with the help of a mathematical model of problem presentation. Two psychological hypotheses and a difficulty function lead to an operational definition of optimal problem presentation according to the order and difficulties involved in each step. Certain properties of this model then show natural behavior and support the basic hypotheses.
Bio-organic-semiconductor-field-effect-transistor based on deoxyribonucleic acid gate dielectric (2006)

Organic-based field-effect transistors (OFETs) utilize organic semiconductor materials with low electron mobilities and organic gate oxide materials with low dielectric constants. These have rendered devices with slow operating speeds and high operating voltages, compared with their inorganic silicon-based counter parts. Using a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based biopolymer, derived from salmon milt and roe sac waste by-products, for the gate dielectric region, we have fabricated an OFET device that exhibits very promising current-voltage characteristics compared with using other organic-based dielectrics. With minimal optimization, using a thin film of DNA-based biopolymer as the gate insulator and pentacene as the semiconductor, we have demonstrated a bio-organic-FET, or BiOFET, in which the current was modulated over three orders of magnitude using gate voltages less than 10V.
Real-time Business Intelligence System Architecture with Stream Mining. (2011)

Business Intelligence (BI) capitalized on datamining and analytics techniques for discovering trends and reacting to events with quick decisions. We argued that a new breed of data-mining, namely stream-mining where continuous data streams arrive into the system and get mined very quickly, stimulates the design of a new real-time BI architecture. In the past, stream-mining (especially in algorithmic level) and digital information system architectures have been studied separately. We attempted in this paper to present a unified view on the real-time BI system architecture powered by stream-mining. Some typical applications in which our architecture can support are described. 1.
c-met mRNA overexpression in human hepatocellular carcinoma (1994)

This study was aimed at assessing the presence of c-met overexpression in human hepatocellular carcinoma and at determining whether this feature is associated with a definite clinical or pathological characteristic. Expression of c-met was determined by Northern-blot hybridization of a specific probe (human met proto-oncogene) in 18 tumoral and nontumoral liver samples obtained in 18 cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma submitted to surgical treatment. Eight of the 18 hepatocellular carcinomas exhibited c-met overexpression, with an increase ranging between 2-fold and 10-fold when compared by densitometry with the surrounding liver. By contrast, in the remaining 10 cases c-met expression was almost identical to that of the surrounding nontumoral liver tissue. Overexpression of c-met was not related to either the age, sex, etiology or functional status of the underlying liver disease, or to the size of the tumor, to its differentiation degree or to the presence of pseudocapsule invasion and existence of additional neoplastic nodules. These data indicate that almost half of the human hepatocellular carcinomas exhibit c-met overexpression. Nevertheless, the biological relevance of this characteristic is not known.
Vaporization Thermodynamics of Chromium Silicides. (1985)

The vaporization thermodynamics of the chromium-silicon system have been investigated in the temperature range 1300-1600K by Knudsen cell mass spectrometry. Both magnetic sector and quadrupole instruments were employed. Thermodynamic activities were obtained by direct comparison with the elements. Standard free energies of formation at 1500K, Delta G deg (sub f)/R (kilokelvins) are: 1/3 CrSi2, -3.07; 1/2 CrSi, -3.62; 1/8 Cr5Si3, -3.73; 1/4 Cr3Si, -3.28. These data, when combined with heat capacity and entropy data from the literature, give standard enthalpies of formation at 298.15K, Delta H deg (sub f)/R (kilokelvins): 1/3 CrSi2, -3.36; 1/2 CrSi, -3.20; 1/8 Cr5Si3, -3.38; 1/4 Cr3Si, -3.39. The CrSi2 phase was found to contain the congruently vaporizing composition. Keywords: Chromium silicides, vaporization thermodynamics, free energy of formation, enthalpy of formation, congruent vaporization, Knudsen effusion, mass spectrometry.
Production of Uranium Dioxide by Flame Denitration (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProduction of Uranium Dioxide by Flame DenitrationW. H. Hedley, R. J. Roehrs, and W. T. Trask JrCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1964, 3, 1, 11–14Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260009a005https://doi.org/10.1021/i260009a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Immunohistochemical characterization of cells retrieved by transcervical sampling in early pregnancy (1995)

Trophoblastic cells can be retrieved from the endocervix and the lower uterine segment in early pregnancy by aspiration or lavage (Rodeck et al., 1995). The feasibility of using this technique for prenatal diagnosis depends on how frequently fetal cells can be retrieved and whether such cells can be purified from the predominant maternal cell population. In this study, specimens retrieved from the lower uterine segment prior to elective first-trimester termination of pregnancy were examined histologically and characterized using a panel of monoclonal antibodies in an avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. Lavage samples generally contained fewer cervical epithelial cells than aspirates. Syncytial fragments or cytotrophoblast were identified in 9 of 12 lavage samples but in only 4 of 10 aspirates. Trophoblast cells were reactive with various anti-trophoblast monoclonal antibodies but the trophoblast cells present displayed considerable antigenic heterogeneity. For positive selection of trophoblast cells from these samples, it is likely that the best yield will be achieved by using a panel of carefully characterized monoclonal antibodies directed against various villous and extravillous trophoblast populations.
Wavelength considerations in soft-x-ray projection lithography (1993)

The choice of the operational wavelength for a soft-x-ray projection lithography system affects a wide variety of system parameters such as optical design, sources, resists, and multilayer mirrors. Several system constraints limit the choice for the operational wavelength. In particular, optical imaging requirements place an upper limit and throughput issues place a lower limit on the wavelength selection. We have determined that there are several discrete wavelength regions between 10 and 25 nm that satisfy the system-imposed constraints of high resolution, large depth of focus, and high throughput.
The receptor for the basement membrane glycoprotein entactin is the integrin alpha 3/beta 1. (1992)

Entactin is a glycoprotein found in basement membranes in complex with laminin, and purified entactin can promote the attachment and spreading of cells. We report here the isolation and identification of the plasma membrane receptor for entactin from PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells which attach and spread on entactin. The receptor was isolated by affinity chromatography on mouse recombinant entactin-Sepharose of 125I surface-labeled octyl glucoside cell extracts. The receptor, which consisted of two polypeptides of relative molecular masses of 150 and 116 kDa, bound to the entactin-Sepharose matrix in the presence of CaCl2, MgCl2, and MnCl2, and was eluted with EDTA, but not with Arg-Gly-Asp-containing peptides. Utilizing anti-integrin antibodies, the heterodimeric receptor was identified as the integrin alpha 3 beta 1. Purified alpha 3 beta 1 bound to entactin Sepharose in a divalent cation-dependent manner and liposomes prepared with fractions eluted from the entactin-Sepharose matrix, as well as purified alpha 3 beta 1 also bound to entactin. Liposomes prepared with other integrins such as alpha 2 beta 1 did not bind to entactin. Antibody inhibition assays demonstrated that an anti-alpha 3 antibody (P1B5) inhibited the attachment of PC-3 cells to entactin whereas this antibody did not inhibit the attachment of these cells to laminin. Attachment to laminin was, however, blocked by anti-alpha 6 antibody (G0H3). These data demonstrate that the cell surface receptor for entactin on these prostate carcinoma cells is the integrin alpha 3 beta 1 and that these cells utilize alpha 6 beta 1 as the receptor for laminin.
Farfalle: parallel permutation-based cryptography (2018)

In this paper, we introduce Farfalle, a new permutation-based construction for building a pseudorandom function (PRF). The PRF takes as input a key and a sequence of arbitrary-length data strings, and returns an arbitrary-length output. It has a compression layer and an expansion layer, each involving the parallel application of a permutation. The construction also makes use of LFSR-like rolling functions for generating input and output masks and for updating the inner state during expansion. On top of the inherent parallelism, Farfalle instances can be very efficient because the construction imposes less requirements on the underlying primitive than, e.g., the duplex construction or typical block cipher modes. Farfalle has an incremental property: compression of common prefixes of inputs can be factored out. Thanks to its input-output characteristics, Farfalle is really versatile. We specify simple modes on top of it for authentication, encryption and authenticated encryption, as well as a wide block cipher mode. As a showcase, we present Kravatte, a very efficient instance of Farfalle based on Keccak-p[1600, nr] permutations and formulate concrete security claims against classical and quantum adversaries. The permutations in the compression and expansion layers of Kravatte have only 6 rounds apiece and the rolling functions are lightweight. We provide a rationale for our choices and report on software performance.
The Polywell™: A Spherically Convergent Ion Focus Concept (1992)

The Polywell™ spherically convergent ion focus concept for controlled thermonuclear fusion is described. The device magnetically confines electrons by a quasi-spherical-cusp magnetic field, forming a potential well. Ions are electrostatically confined by this well, converging to a dense focus in the center of the spherical potential, where the fusion rate is large because of the high local density of transient energetic ions. Power balance and critical physics issues are outlined, along with current experimental and theoretical work. The potential of the device for D-3He operation is described by the derivation of scaling laws for energy gain.
Wearable medical monitoring systems based on wireless networks: A Review (2016)

The last decade has witnessed a rapid increase of interest in new sensing and monitoring devices, including wireless wearable mobile devices and sensing networks for medical health applications. This paper reviews current wearable mobile medical monitoring systems (WMMMSs) with emphasis on devices based on textile and wireless sensing networks. These monitoring systems consist of various types of small physiological sensors, transmission modules, and processing capabilities. In addition, WMMMSs have a potential to change the health care model by providing inexpensive wearable unobtrusive solutions for continuous medical health monitoring. It is with the hope that the current survey is able to provide a direction for future research improvements and also serve as a reference for current achievements and their maturity level. In this review, a great number of system implementations are compared according to different classifications. Besides, these systems also act as an effective approach to identify the technological advantages and disadvantages of the current state-of-the-art in wearable devices solutions.
Nonalloyed and alloyed low-resistance ohmic contacts with good morphology for GaAs using a graded InGaAs cap layer (1989)

Using a thin graded layer of InGaAs starting on GaAs and becoming InAs on the top, low-resistance alloyed and nonalloyed ohmic contacts have been achieved on n+-GaAs epilayers grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on a semi-insulating GaAs substrate. In addition, by a suitable choice of the multilayer ohmic metals and by an optimization of the alloying process, good surface morphology was obtained. The transmission-line model is used to extrapolate contact resistances from measurements on test patterns with multiple gap spacings varying from 1 to 10 μm. The nonalloyed contact resistance is found to be 0.025 Ω mm for a GaAs layer doped to 1×1018 with a 500-Å graded InGaAs layer. Alloying the contact at 475 °C for 60 s produces a contact resistance of 0.019 Ω mm. This represents a substantial improvement over the contact resistances obtained by just using an ungraded cap layer of InAs on GaAs. Assuming that the sheet resistance under the contact is the same as the sheet resistance in the top semiconductor layer (this is not strictly true), the nominal value of the specific contact resistance for the nonalloyed situation is 5.32×10−7 Ω cm2, while for the alloyed case the specific contact resistance is 2.56×10−7 Ω cm2. The metal scheme used for the contact is Ni/Ge/Au/Ti/Au.
Reviews (1996)

Abstract Walter Benjamin, Gesammelte Briefe, Hrsg. vom Theodor W. Adorno Archiv, Band I: 1910–1918 Hrsg. von Christoph Gödde und Henri Lonitz. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1995. Pp. 546 Charles R. Bambach, Heidegger, Dilthey, and the Crisis of Historicism. Ithaca and London: Cornell UP, 1995. Pp. xiv, 298 Peter Uwe Hohendahl, Prismatic Thought: Theodor W. Adorno. Lincoln and London: U of Nebraska P, 1995. Pp. xi, 287 Edward Timms, ed. Freud and the Child Woman. The Memoirs of Fritz Wittels. New Haven and London: Yale UP, 1995. Pp. xii + 188 Monika Shafi, Gertrud Kolmar. Eine Einführung in das Werk. München: Iudicium, 1995. Pp. 247 Sander L. Gilman, Franz Kafka: The Jewish Patient. New York and London: Routledge, 1995, Pp. xi + 328 Franz R. Kempf, Everyone's Darling: Kafka and the Critics of His Short Fiction. Columbia, SC: Camden House, 1994, Pp. 128 Robert E. Norton, The Beautiful Soul: Aesthetic Morality in the Eighteenth Century. Ithaca: Cornell, 1995. Pp. XI, 314 Norgard Klages, Look Back in Anger. Mother-Daughter and Father-Daughter Relationships in Women's Autobiographical Writings of the 1970s and 1980s. New York: Peter Lang, 1995. Pp. 195
Content of (+)‐catechin and proanthocyanidins in barley and malt grain (1983)

Abstract Acetone:water (3:1) extracts of milled barley grains contained simple monomeric, dimeric and trimeric flavanols in addition to higher molecular weight flavanoid tannins. Whereas (+)‐catechin and the simple individual oligomeric proanthocyanidins were readily separated by h.p.l.c. and t.l.c. fine resolution of the tanning components was not accomplished. Adsorption chromatography on Sephadex LH‐20 permitted group separation and measurement of tanning components which were characterised as polymers of (+)‐catechin and (+)‐gallocatechin. Using h.p.l.c. little change in the contents of simple flavanols was detected during the malting of barley, neither were there substantial differences in flavanol contents between five different varieties of barley. The tannins appeared to be formed in the grain prior to harvesting, possibly by oxidation of simple flavanols, and were not artefacts of post‐extraction treatments.
COMPARISON OF NONCOHERENT DETECTORS FOR SOQPSK AND GMSK IN PHASE NOISE CHANNELS (2007)

All praise is due to Almighty Allah.I thank my mother for