gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study On The Financial Literacy Of Professional Women In The District Of Ernakulum, Kerala (2016)

Financial literacy is a keyword that is used to denote the understanding of financial matters. This includes majorly the area of personal finance. In order to manage financial resources effectively & efficiently, appropriate knowledge and skills are required. This includes making personal financial decisions in the areas of investing, Insurance, Retirement, tax planning etc. Financial literacy also includes developing deep knowledge of various financial concepts like financial planning, Compound interest, Savings methods, time value of money, the mechanics of a credit card, consumer rights etc. Having a lower level of financial literacy can lead to taking financial decisions that can have negative impact on the financial health of an individual. In this paper, a study on financial literacy among working women in Kochi Region in Kerala is attempted. Assessing the knowledge of working women towards investments in various financial products is also a part of this research. A structured closed ended questionnaire was given to working women in Kochi to judge the level of financial literacy.
THE BIOLOGY OF THE (6–4) PHOTOPRODUCT (1989)

The (6-4) photoproduct is an important determinant of the lethal and mutagenic effects of UV irradiation of biological systems. The removal of this lesion appears to correlate closely with the early DNA repair responses of mammalian cells, including DNA incision events, repair synthesis and removal of replication blocks. The processing of (6-4) photoproducts and cyclobutane dimers appears to be enzymatically coupled in bacteria and most mammalian cell lines examined (i.e. a mutation affecting the repair of one lesion also often affects the other), although exceptions exist in which repair capacity may be evident for one photoproduct and not the other (e.g. UV61 and the XP revertant cell line). These differences in the processing of the two photoproducts in some cell lines of human and rodent origin suggest that in mammalian cells, different pathways for the repair of (6-4) photoproducts and cyclobutane dimers may be used. This observation is further supported by pleiotropic repair phenotypes such as those observed in CHO complementation class 2 mutants (e.g., UV5, UVL-1, UVL-13, and V-H1). Indirect data, from HCR of UV irradiated reported genes and the cytotoxic responses of UV61, suggest that the (6-4) photoproduct is cytotoxic in mammalian cells and may account for 20 to 30% of the cell killing after UV irradiation of rodent cells. Cytotoxicity of the (6-4) photoproduct may be important in the etiology of sunlight-induced carcinogenesis, affecting mutagenesis as well as tumorigenesis. The intricate photochemistry of the (6-4) photoproduct, its formation and photoisomerization, is in itself extremely interesting and may also be relevant to sunlight carcinogenesis. The data reviewed in this article support the notion that the (6-4) photoproduct and its Dewar photoisomer are important cytotoxic determinants of UV light. The idea that the (6-4) photoproduct is an important component in the spectrum of UV-induced cytotoxic damage may help clarify our understanding of why rodent cells survive the effects of UV irradiation as well as human cells, without apparent cyclobutane dimer repair in the bulk of their DNA. The preferential repair of cyclobutane dimers in essential genes has been proposed to account for this observation (Bohr et al., 1985, 1986; Mellon et al., 1986). The data reviewed here suggest that understanding the repair of a prominent type of noncyclobutane dimer damage, the (6-4) photoproduct, may also be important in resolving this paradox.
Genetic variation in two conserved local Romanian pig breeds usingtype 1 DNA markers (2001)

Analysis of the genetic variation of an endangered population is an important component for the success of conservation. Animals from two local Romanian pig breeds, the Mangalitsa and Bazna, were analysed for variation at a number of genetic loci using PCR-based DNA tests. Polymorphism was assessed at loci which 1) are known to cause phenotypic variation, 2) are potentially involved in trait differences or 3) are putative candidate genes. The traits considered are disease resistance, growth, coat colour, meat quality and prolificacy. Even though the populations are small and the markers are limited to specific genes, we found significant differences in five of the ten characterised loci. In some cases the observed allele frequencies were interesting in relation to gene function and the phenotype of the breed. These breeds are part of a conservation programme in Romania and marker information may be useful in preserving a representative gene pool in the populations. The use of polymorphisms in type 1 (gene) markers may be a useful complement to analysis based on anonymous markers.
The electrical field induced by ocean currents and waves, with applications to the method of towed electrodes (1954)

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the nature\nof the electrical field induced in the ocean by\nparticular types of velocity distribution. It is\nbelieved that these examples will be helpful in the\ninterpretation of measurements by towed electrodes\nin the sea.\nThe electrical field induced by waves and tidal\nstreams, originally predicted by Faraday (1832),\nwas first measured experimentally by Young,\nGerrard and Jevons (1920), who used both\nmoored and towed electrodes in their observations.\nRecently, the technique of towed electrodes has\nbeen developed by von Arx (1950, 1951) and\nothers into a useful means of detecting water\nmovements in the deep ocean. While the method\nhas been increasingly used, the problem of interpreting\nthe measurements in terms of water movements\nhas become of great importance. Two of the\npresent authors have made theoretical studies\n(Longuet-Higgins 1949, Stommel 1948) dealing\nwith certain cases of velocity fields, and Malkus\nand Stern (1952) have proved some important\nintegral theorems. There seems, however, to be a\nneed for a more extended discussion of the principles\nunderlying the method, and for the computation\nof additional illustrative examples. This is\nall the more desirable since some of the theoretical\ndiscussions published previously have been misleading.
Behavior of neutral atoms in a spontaneous force trap (1991)

A classical collective behavior is observed in the spatial distributions of a cloud of optically trapped neutral atoms. They include extended uniform-density ellipsoids, rings of atoms around a small central ball, and clumps of atoms orbiting a central core. The distributions depend sensitively on the number of atoms and the alignment of the laser beams. Abrupt bistable transitions between different distributions are seen. This system is studied in detail, and much of this behavior can be explained by the incorporation of long-range interactions between the atoms in the equation of equilibrium. It is shown how attenuation and multiple scattering of the incident photons lead to these interactions.
Construction, Characterization, and Immunogenicity of a Multigene Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) Vaccine Based on HIV Type 1 Subtype C (2008)

Candidate vaccines composed of a DNA construct to prime the immune system, followed by modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) containing matching genes as a booster vaccination, have produced encouraging immune responses in human volunteers. This study presents the detailed construction and characterization of a recombinant MVA that will be tested in combination with a DNA vaccine in Phase I clinical trials in South Africa and the United States. To match recently transmitted viruses in the southern African region and to maximize epitope coverage, the vaccines were constructed to contain five HIV-1 subtype C genes, namely gag, reverse transcriptase, tat, and nef (grttn), expressed as a polyprotein, and a truncated env (gp150). An initial recombinant MVA construct containing wild-type env was found to be genetically unstable, and thus a human codon-optimized gene was used. Grttn and gp150 were inserted into two different sites in MVA yielding a double recombinant, SAAVI MVA-C. The recombinant MVA was shown to be genetically stable and high level expression of the transgenes was observed. Env retained infectivity in a functional infectivity assay despite a point mutation that arose during virus generation. Mice inoculated with SAAVI MVA-C at various doses developed high levels of Gag, RT, and Env-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells, and some of these responses could be boosted by a second inoculation. An accompanying paper describes the immunogenicity of SAAVI MVA-C when given in combination with SAAVI DNA-C.
Research on Wireless Sensor Network Based on Data Acquisition Technology (2014)

In this paper we use the wireless Android smart network to control data collection network of wireless sensor networks, and establish the wireless sensor network data acquisition model based on particle swarm layout algorithm, and design the data signal receiving algorithm by introducing wireless fence monitoring method. In order to verify the reliability and applicability of the algorithm, we compare the particle swarm layout algorithm with PSO, random distribution and genetic algorithm. Through experiments, data gathering integrity of particle swarm layout algorithm reaches 96%, the time of data acquisition is 1258 seconds, the iterative number is 12587 times. It is the best of the three algorithms. It provides a theoretical reference for the research on data acquisition and control technology of wireless sensor network.
Package technology for STM-16 optical Tx/Rx and IC's (2002)

Package technology for STM-16 (2.5 Gbit/s) optical transmitters and receivers is discussed. To obtain high performance and reliability of a laser diode (LD) module, an IC chip, and an LD are assembled contiguously in a non-epoxy hermetically sealed housing separating an epoxy-made optical isolator by a glass window. The LD and a fiber are coupled using laser welding and RF induction heat soldering. To obtain a small degradation caused at the receiver side, ICs are designed to have well-matched characteristics and a flat response. A transmission experiment using modules and ICs developed with these technologies proves their practicality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Incidence and significance of neutralizing antibodies to interferon beta-1a in multiple sclerosis (1998)

NAB directed against IFN-beta have in vivo biological consequences in patients with MS. The frequency with which MS patients develop NAB against IFN-beta is significantly greater with IFN-beta-1b therapy compared with IFN-beta-1a therapy. Treatment decisions in MS patients treated with IFN-beta should take into account development of NAB.
A Case of Ludwig Angina (2008)

Ludwig angina is a rapidly progressing submaxillary, submandibular, and sublingual necrotizing cellulitis of the floor of the mouth that can have lethal consequences due to airway obstruction. Various aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, and less often fungi, have been implicated to cause Ludwig angina, including oral flora such as streptococci and staphylococci. Early recognition and the use of parenteral antibiotics can prevent mortality and morbidity. We report a case of a 25-year-old white man who was admitted to the hospital by his dentist after being diagnosed with Ludwig angina secondary to periodontal abscesses involving teeth #17 and #32. Although antibiotics were administered, while in the hospital, the decedent had difficulty swallowing and was drooling. He suddenly began to have seizure-like activity thought to be anoxic myoclonus. The decedent was aggressively resuscitated and taken to the operating room for neck exploration and a tracheostomy. Neck exploration revealed severe necrotizing acute inflammation of the deep soft tissues and musculature of the neck. He remained on life support for 7 days until he was declared brain dead. Ludwig angina is a progressive cellulitis that often results in death by asphyxia. Ludwig angina can be complicated by subsequent deep neck infection. The underlying etiologies and common scenarios are examined, and significant autopsy findings and dissecting procedures are discussed. The pathophysiology of Ludwig angina is studied with a review of the current literature.
Investigation of Rapid Synthesis of Zeolite (2014)

Zeolites are crystalline, microporous aluminosilicates with different pore openings, which with framework T-O-T (T = Si, Al) bonds and channels of molecular dimensions. Crystallization time can be decreased by manipulation and influencing the nucleation and growth characteristic of zeolites. In this study, rapid synthesis of ZSM-5 and Mazzite (Maz) is investigated by manipulating the supersaturation via a dehydration and hydration process. Structural confirmation of the product is obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The nano size of zeolites make possible unique properties and expands the area of zeolite applications towards, e.g., optoelectronics, chemical sensing, and medicine. However, due to the low yield, complicated synthesis process, and long reaction time, nano zeolites are still not widely used. The rapid crystallization of nanofaujasitic zeolite is investigated by using microwave radiation. The microwave parameters are optimized. Also, the microwave synthesis of nano zeolite Y is studied by using the recycled hydrothermal mother solution. The size of the nanofaujasitic zeolite is characterized by using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Structural conformation of the product is obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Research and design of interface in marine navigation information system (2015)

Marine navigation information system is an indispensable modern shipping navigation equipment. With the continuous development of the international shipping industry, new demands have come up in real-time, stability and versatility, etc., which puts forward the higher request to the ship navigation system. In recent years, however, the relevant research focused on how to use the latest GIS positioning and communication technology to realize more precise, real-time navigation function. However the research on how to design and implement such navigation system is less. This article focus on the current new development of ship navigation sys-tem, studies the actual demand of the system, analyzes the structure and the types of the information system to deal with, and some key interfaces for navigation information system is studied and designed. On this basis, the preliminary implementation and simulation are carried on, proving the feasibility of the proposed scheme, also proving the certain basis for the future navigation information system design and manufacturing.
Measurement of antioxidant activity (2015)

Antioxidants play an important role in food preservation by inhibiting oxidation processes and contributing to health promotion rendered by many dietary supplements, nutraceuticals and functional food ingredients. Antioxidant activity can be monitored by a variety of assays with different mechanisms, including hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), single electron transfer (ET), reducing power, and metal chelation, among others. Understanding the principle mechanisms, advantages and limitations of the measurement assays is important for proper selection of method(s) for valid evaluation of antioxidant potential in desired applications. This contribution provides a general and up-to-date overview of methods available for measuring antioxidant activity and the chemistry behind them.
Force Control for Active Chassis Balancing (2016)

This paper presents the realization of the worldwide first automated walking excavator chassis. To this end, the authors build a new generation of high-performance hydraulic valves with integrated pressure feedback to achieve fast and accurate cylinder force tracking. This allows automatically adapting the legs to uneven terrains and optimally shaping the ground reaction forces in order to change the orientation and height of the cabin. Due to the contact redundancy, automated balancing is implemented as a contact force optimization problem, including constraints on contact forces and joint torques. The corresponding prioritized optimization problem can be simplified by using a quasi-static approximation of the system dynamics and a complexity reduction due to the kinematic structure of the legs. Our approach considers the unknown configuration and load of the cabin, arm, and bucket as system disturbances, whereby gravitational effects are approximated as well as possible. It is tested in a Gazebo simulation and validated in different experiments by using a prototype walking excavator machine. The proposed method revolutionizes operator control of these versatile but complex multipurpose vehicles: Instead of manual and coordinatively very demanding cylinder position adjustment, the operator can command simple high-level commands like a cabin pose. Furthermore, it significantly reduces peak forces in the cylinders and at the contact points, which causes less damage to the mechanics and the ground.
From here to ATM (1994)

While not optimum for any one type of traffic, asynchronous transfer mode is clearly the best compromise between the conflicting needs of data, voice, and video. The most interesting question is not whether ATM will take over the data communications highway, but how it will be phased in. The author describes how anticipating how wide- and local-area networks will shift into asynchronous transfer mode requires a grasp of today's technologies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cell cycle‐dependent protein secretion by <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2001)

Synchronized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell populations were used to examine secretion rates of a heterologous protein as a function of cell cycle position. The synchronization procedure had a profound effect on the type and quality of data obtained. When cell synchrony was induced by cell cycle-arresting drugs, a significant physiological perturbation of cells was observed that obscured representative secretion data. In contrast, synchronization with centrifugal elutriation resulted in synchronized first-generation daughter cells with undetectable perturbation of the physiological state. The synchronized cells did not secrete significant amounts of protein until they reached cell division, suggesting that the secretion process in these cells is strongly cell cycle dependent. However, the maximum secretion rate of the synchronized culture (7-14 molecules/cell/second) was significantly lower than that of an asynchronous culture (29-51 molecules/cell/second). This result indicates that young daughter cells isolated in the synchronization process exhibit different protein secretion behavior than older mother cells that are absent in the synchronized cell population but present in the asynchronous culture.
BER performance of implant-to-air high-speed UWB data communications for neural recording systems (2014)

Implant-to-air ultra-wideband communication systems are interesting for neural recording systems due to their low power consumption and high data-rates. In this paper we investigate the performance of an implant-to-air wireless link using a realistic model of the biological channel for neural recording systems. We propose an optimized fifth-derivative Gaussian pulse as a transmitted waveform for different modulations: binary phase shift keying (BPSK), on-off keying (OOK) and differential phase shift keying (DPSK). Monitoring of neural responses with high resolution in the brain requires a high data rate link as the number of electrodes is increased. Each electrode needs a data rate around 800 kb/s to support its neural channel. As we target more than 512 electrodes, we require a data link higher than 400 Mbps.
Alkali-induced crumpling of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>(MXene) to form 3D porous networks for sodium ion storage (2018)

We present a novel strategy for constructing three-dimensional (3D) porous Ti3C2Tx (MXene) networks by alkali-induced crumpling of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. The 3D porous Ti3C2Tx networks display high capacity and outstanding rate performance as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
Static aerodynamic characteristics of a rocket vehicle with thick wedge fins and sweptback leading and trailing edges (1966)

Static aerodynamic characteristics of rocket model vehicles with thick wedge fins with sweptback leading and trailing edges - supersonic wind tunnel testing of vehicle longitudinal stability
Acoustic Surface Wave Filters (1970)

Acoustic surface waves offer several advantages in the construction of delay lines and filters in the UHF range. In these devices the frequency response is determined by the finger spacing and overlap of the interdigital comb structures used as input and output transducers. Models are developed to describe these devices, and the predictions of these theories are compared with several experimental filters, including band-pass filters and dispersive delay lines.
A simplified technique for collecting breath CO2 for isotope ratio mass spectrometry (1978)

A simplified technique of collecting breath CO2 for isotopic analysis has been developed. The subject breathes into a 3 I bag from which a 50 ml aliquot is transferred to an evacuated, septum-capped tube (Vacutainer®). The sample is later withdrawn and the CO2 is cryogenically purified. No isotope fractionation is observed in samples collected in this manner. Samples have been stored up to three months without any change in the isotope ratio.
Three-dimensional pre- and post-filtering for PAL TV signals (1988)

The operation and performance of different decoder filters are outlined. Possible pre- and postfilter combinations are discussed generally and illustrated by various examples. Emphasis is on the PAL system, since filter techniques for PAL are much more complicated. The knowledge gained by the consideration of filtering PAL signals can be applied also the the NTSC system, but in a simpler form. Examples of filter characteristics are given in the vertical-temporal frequency plane.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Jointed Goatgrass (<i>Aegilops cylindrica</i>) and Downy Brome (<i>Bromus tectorum</i>) Control in Perennial Grasses (1995)

Glyphosate and package mixtures of glyphosate plus dicamba or 2,4-D were evaluated for the selective control of jointed goatgrass and downy brome in seeded perennial grasses. Glyphosate at 560, glyphosate plus dicamba at 550 + 220, and glyphosate plus 2,4-D at 420 + 350 and 570 + 470 g ai/ha controlled 90% or more jointed goatgrass in 1988 and 1991. Glyphosate plus 2,4-D at 150 + 120 and 280 + 240 g/ha were the only treatments that controlled less than 90% of jointed goatgrass in 1991. In 1988, glyphosate at 210 g/ha and glyphosate plus dicamba at 210 + 80 g/ha were the only treatments that controlled less than 90% of downy brome. Glyphosate at 210, 280, 420, and 560 g/ha, glyphosate plus dicamba at 210 + 80, 280 + 110, 420 + 170, and 550 + 220 g/ha, and glyphosate plus 2,4-D at 150 + 120, 280 + 240, 420 + 350, and 570 + 470 g/ha controlled 90% or more downy brome in 1990. Pubescent wheatgrass and crested wheatgrass were stunted or killed if they were growing when herbicides were applied.