gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glucose Sensitivity of Thiol-modified Gold Electrodes Having Immobilized Glucose Oxidase and 2-Aminoethylferrocene (1993)

Abstract A novel amperometric glucose sensor was fabricated in which glucose oxidase and 2-aminoethylferrocene as an electron mediator were chemically bound to self-assembled 4-aminothiophenol monolayer on gold electrode with use of glutaraldehyde as a cross linking agent. The glucose sensor prepared under optimal conditions showed sensitivities more than 30 μA cm−2 for 20 mM of glucose.
Lymphocyte Subsets, Apoptosis, and Cytokines in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (1996)

Whether immunologic abnormalities correlate with fatigue severity and functional impairment in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) was investigated. Blood mononuclear cells were immunophenotyped and circulating ex vivo-produced cytokines were measured in 76 CFS patients and 69 healthy matched controls. Expression of CD11b on CD8 cells was significantly decreased in CFS patients. However, the previously reported increased expression of CD38 and HLA-DR was not confirmed. There was no obvious difference in apoptosis in leukocyte cultures, circulating cytokines, and ex vivo production of interleukin (IL)-1 alpha and IL-1 receptor antagonist. Endotoxin-stimulated ex vivo production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-beta was significantly lower in CFS. The immunologic test results did not correlate with fatigue severity or psychologic well-being was measured by Checklist Individual Strength, Beck Depression Inventory, and Sickness Impact Profile. Thus, these immunologic tests cannot be used as diagnostic tools in individual CFS patients.
FIBER GYROSCOPE PRINCIPLES (2000)

After a brief review of the milestones leading to the development of the optical gyroscope, we describe the basic principles underlying the Fiber Optic Gyroscope and discuss optical configurations, readout techniques and performance limits of this device. A final comment on prospects of developments is presented.
A flash EEPROM cell scaling including tunnel oxide limitations (1990)

A new flash EEPROM cell scaling scenario is proposed, which takes tunnel oxide thinning limitation into consideration. The derived scaling scenario, performance, and reliability are discussed, in comparison with EPROM scaling.
Automatic Change Detection of MODIS NDVI using Artificial Neural Networks (2012)

Natural Vegetation cover, which is very important earth resource, has been significantly altered by humans in some manner. Since this has currently resulted in a significant effect on global climate, various studies on vegetation environment including forest have been performed and the results are utilized in policy decision making. Remotely sensed data can detect, identify and map vegetation cover change based on the analysis of spectral characteristics and thus are vigorously utilized for monitoring vegetation resources. Among various vegetation indices extracted from spectral reponses of remotely sensed data, NDVI is the most popular index which provides a measure of how much photosynthetically active vegetation is present in the scene. In this study, for change detection in vegetation cover, a Multi-layer Perceptron Network (MLPN) as a nonparametric approach has been designed and applied to MODIS/Aqua vegetation indices 16-day L3 global 250m SIN Grid(v005) (MYD13Q1) data. The feature vector for change detection is constructed with the direct NDVI diffenrence at a pixel as well as the differences in some subset of NDVI series data. The research covered 5 years (2006-20110) over Korean peninsular.
A stakeholder-driven service life cycle model for SOA (2007)

Service-orientation is a relatively new paradigm aiming at developing software systems that are adaptive and dynamic. Service-oriented systems are developed by composing services that are shared across organizations. Because new roles and new development tasks are introduced in service-oriented development as opposed to traditional software engineering, a new approach to service life cycle management is required. In this paper, based on the observations of the state of the art in the field, we propose a stakeholder-driven service life cycle model for service oriented architecture (SOA). Horizontally, the model shows the activities that associated with the stakeholders in SOA. While vertically, the model shows the interactions and cooperation between the stakeholders. This model facilitates the researchers to gain further insight into service-oriented development and governance.
Experience of adaptive replication in distributed file systems (2002)

The paper focuses on distributed file systems and presents a system to transparently manage file replication through a network of workstations. The system integrates an adaptive file replication policy that is capable of reacting to changes in the patterns of access to the file system by dynamically creating or deleting replicas. The paper evaluates the efficiency of the system in several situations and shows its effectiveness.
Micro Total Analysis Systems: Latest Achievements (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTMicro Total Analysis Systems: Latest AchievementsJonathan West, Marco Becker, Sven Tombrink, and Andreas ManzView Author Information ISAS, Institute for Analytical Sciences, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, D-44139 Dortmund, GermanyCite this: Anal. Chem. 2008, 80, 12, 4403–4419Publication Date (Web):May 23, 2008Publication History Published online23 May 2008Published inissue 1 June 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac800680jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac800680jreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7987Altmetric-Citations361LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biotechnology,Electrochemical cells,Fluid dynamics,Genetics,Liquids Get e-Alerts
Effect of Feeding Aspergillus oryzae Fermentation Extract or Aspergillus oryzae plus Yeast Culture plus Mineral and Vitamin Supplement on Performance of Holstein Cows During a Complete Lactation (1990)

The addition of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract (Amaferm) increased milk flow and mean 3.5% FCM production during the latter stages of the full lactation trial compared with the control group and the Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract plus yeast culture plus mineral-vitamin supplement (VitaFerm) group. Based on the differences observed when FCM production was determined for the cows at various stages of lactation, Amaferm apparently had its greatest effect during the early stages of the lactation cycle and subsequent milk production was likely a result of higher initial production. The response difference observed between the Amaferm and VitaFerm treatments could have resulted from the additional minerals provided by the VitaFerm compared with the Amaferm and control groups.
Developmental‐ and tissue‐specific expression of an inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 homologue from <i>Aedes triseriatus</i> mosquitoes (2002)

We have identified a homologue of the Drosophila inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 in Aedes triseriatus mosquitoes (designated AtIAP1). The AtIAP1 gene maps to a single locus on chromosome 2. The translation product is a 403 amino acid protein that contains two baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR) domains and a RING finger motif. AtIAP1 mRNA was detectable by RT-PCR amplification in all the mosquito developmental stages (embryos, first-fourth instar larvae, early and late pupae, adults) and adult tissues (midguts, ovaries) examined. In contrast, immunoblots with AtIAP1-specific antibodies revealed that the protein was detectable only in certain developmental stages (first instar larvae, early pupae, adults) and tissues (ovaries). AtIAP1-specific serum also recognized proteins in Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus. Immunoblot analysis revealed that similar amounts of IAP1 were expressed in LaCrosse virus infected and uninfected Ae. albopictus cell cultures.
Multimedia streams and quality of service in the next generation wireless home networks (2003)

This paper describes the infrastructure provided in the Whitecap/sup TM/ LAN architecture to facilitate transporting isochronous data, such as multimedia, over wireless home networks. The Whitecap architecture provides an extensive support for streams and a comprehensive quality of service (QoS) layer. The Qos layer provided in the Whitecap architecture ensures efficient utilization of the available bandwidth and timely and reliable delivery of data under all channel conditions. To facilitate efficient utilization of bandwidth, the Whitecap architecture provides dynamic bandwidth negotiation for each stream based on its priority and optional variable rate compression schemes for voice, audio, video and data. In order to deliver isochronous data reliably while incurring just the permissible latency, the Whitecap architecture guarantees the required bandwidth for isochronous streams. To cope with severe channel conditions, the Whitecap architecture provides dynamic rate control that enables graceful degradation of data quality with increasing channel losses. As part of DRC, dynamically negotiable channel protection through error correction and retransmission schemes is provided in this architecture. Additionally, where multiple channels are available, dynamic channel change that moves the network operation to a better channel is also facilitated.
Modelling of the McKibben artificial muscle: A review (2012)

The so-called McKibben artificial muscle is one of the most efficient and currently one of the most widely used fluidic artificial muscles, due to the simplicity of its design, combining ease of implementation and analogous behaviour with skeletal muscles. Its working principle is very simple: The circumferential stress of a pressurized inner tube is transformed into an axial contraction force by means of a double-helix braided sheath whose geometry corresponds to a network of identical pantographs. However, behind this apparent simplicity lie two phenomena, which must be considered so as to fully understand how the McKibben muscle works. First, the non-linear relationship between stress and strain inside the inner tube elastomer, together with the complex relationship between physical artificial muscle parameters and its effective working pressure range. Second, the behaviour of the braided sheath which acts like a ‘flexible joint structure’ able to adapt itself during contraction to the increasing radius muscle in its middle portion, with the boundary constraint of rigid tips. By distinguishing an ideal model with a zero inner tube thickness from a real model with a non-zero inner tube thickness, we attempted to synthesize static models by including and excluding an elastic force component. However, we also highlight the possible need, in further modelling, to distinguish modelling thin-walled from thick-walled inner tube McKibben muscles. In our attempt to understand the hysteresis peculiar to the muscle, it seems, resulting from our review, that this hysteresis phenomenon is essentially due to strand-on-strand friction inside the weave. Nevertheless, although Hertz’s contact theory has shown its relevance in tackling this problem, friction modelling in a McKibben muscle is particularly hard due to the difficulties, first, to correctly determine the real contact surface strand-on-strand and, second, to estimate the friction coefficient and its possible dependence on pressure and velocity with the weaving peculiar to McKibben braided sheaths. We propose in a future approach to better integrate textile physics into this very complex modelling problem. Moreover, because we consider friction to be velocity-dependent, a distinction between static and dynamic modelling appears necessary to us and can help, in our view, towards a better understanding of the Hill-like character (or not) debate concerning artificial muscles.
Modified Forms for Glan–Thompson and Rochon Prisms*† (1968)

Many of the commonly used types of polarizers and polarizing beam splitters consist of two appropriately oriented birefringent crystals (of the same material) which are cemented together. This paper describes modified forms of Glan–Thompson and Rochon prisms in which one of the two calcite (or quartz) halves is replaced by an isotropic material such as glass. In addition to a saving of calcite, these devices have other advantages which add to their usefulness. Two types of modified Glan–Thompson prisms and two types of modified Rochon prisms are described. The modified Glan–Thompson prisms behave as Glan–Thompson prisms for light entering one end, and as Rochon prisms for light entering the other end. The modified Rochon prisms, on the other hand, behave like Rochon prisms regardless of which end light enters. Several commercially available glasses are listed which can be used with calcite or quartz in these devices.
Static and Dynamic Characterization of 6.5-kV 100-A SiC Bipolar PiN Diode Modules (2013)

High-voltage and high-current SiC bipolar diode modules are fabricated and characterized under static and dynamic conditions. The modules are built using 6 × 6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> SiC chips that are fabricated on 3-in SiC substrates. Individual chips were also packaged in an ISOPLUS™ package and used to perform switching tests on the diodes. The modules have been fully characterized under static and dynamic conditions. These modules are targeted for high-voltage high-frequency applications as well as antiparallel diodes for 6.5-kV insulated gate bipolar transistors, insulated gate commutated thyristors, and injection enhanced insulated gate bipolar transistors.
Recent Advances in Cell Cost and Efficiency for PEM-Based Water Electrolysis (2012)

Water electrolysis using proton exchange membrane (PEM) technology is a promising pathway to generate hydrogen for energy applications because of the lack of corrosive electrolytes, small footprint, and ability to generate at differential pressure, requiring only deionized water and an energy source. Using a renewable energy source as the input power enables a carbon-free cycle. In 2008, Proton created a cell stack roadmap to leverage the material advancements made in fuel cells as well as address new design requirements. The overall impact of this research to date has been considerable. Efficiency improvements of 20% have been demonstrated for membrane and catalyst configurations that have been tested to over 1000 hours. Cost reductions of over 15% of the total stack cost have also been proven to be feasible. Additional pathways for the next 3-5 years are expected to continue to make progress in reducing the cost of hydrogen from water electrolysis.
Regulatory role of galanin in control of hypothalamic-anterior pituitary function. (1988)

The role of the neuropeptide galanin in the regulation of anterior pituitary function was studied in vivo in conscious male rats and in vitro with cultured anterior pituitary cells. Galanin (50-200 ng; 15-60 pmol) injected into the third cerebral ventricle of rats produced highly significant, dose-related increases of plasma growth hormone (GH) concentrations, whereas galanin increased prolactin (PRL) and decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels only at the highest dose (60 pmol) tested. Intravenous galanin failed to alter PRL and TSH levels in these rats. In contrast with the results with intraventricular injection of the peptide, intravenous injection of 30 or 300 pmol of galanin produced small, brief, dose-related increases in plasma GH. The response to the 300-pmol dose was less than that induced by a factor-of-20-lower intraventricular dose, which establishes a central action of galanin. Galanin in concentrations ranging from 1 nM to 1 microM failed to alter significantly GH, PRL, or TSH release from dispersed anterior pituitary cells. It also failed to alter GH secretion in response to 100 nM GH-releasing hormone; however, at this dose galanin did potentiate the effect of 100 nM TSH-releasing hormone on TSH and PRL release. Thus, the effects of third-ventricular injection of the peptide are mediated by the hypothalamus. To determine the physiological significance of galanin in control of pituitary hormone release, highly specific antiserum against galanin was injected intraventricularly. Third-ventricular injection of 3 microliter of galanin antiserum resulted in a dramatic decrease in plasma GH values as compared with those of normal rabbit serum-injected controls within 15 min, which persisted until the end of the experiment (5 hr postinjection). Galanin antiserum did not decrease plasma PRL or TSH levels at any time period after its third-ventricular injection; however, a transient increase of plasma TSH levels occurred after 30 and 60 min in comparison with TSH levels in normal rabbit serum-injected controls. Since there was no effect of the antiserum on plasma PRL and only a transient elevation in TSH, galanin may not be physiologically significant enough during resting conditions to alter PRL and TSH release in the male rat. The results of the experiments with galanin antiserum indicate that endogenous galanin has a tonic action within the hypothalamus to stimulate GH release. The rapidity of onset of the effects of galanin and the antiserum directed against it suggest that it acts to stimulate release of GH-releasing hormone from periventricular structures, which then stimulates the release of GH.
An Allyl Displacement of a Benzyl Group from Di- and Tribenzylsilane (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Allyl Displacement of a Benzyl Group from Di- and TribenzylsilaneHenry Gilman and Richard A. TomasiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 1, 137–139Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1959https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01510a031Request reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (419 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High temperature superconductors as current limiters-an alternative to contacts and arcs in circuit breakers? (2002)

Nowadays in circuit breakers from the low voltage level to the highest transmission voltages, contacts to carry the current and arcs established at contact opening to break it are utilized. Of the various possible but scarcely used alternatives to this principle, the transition between the superconducting and normal-conducting state has gained new attention since the high T/sub c/ superconductors (HTSCs) have been discovered. This paper assesses the technical possibilities and problems of resistive current limiters with such superconductors. Based on results of experimental investigations of HTSC samples, simulations of the behavior of fictive HTSC limiters in electrical power networks are carried out. Assuming a homogeneous conductor, the self-quench initialized by exceeding the critical current is calculated for conductors with different critical current densities. Furthermore, questions of inhomogeneity along the conductor, current pulse triggering, transient overvoltages and the effect of parallel elements are discussed.
Formaldehyde resins. 92. Molecular weight distribution of diphenyl ether‐formaldehyde resin and its structure (1967)

Abstract Diphenyl ether‐formaldehyde resin was prepared at 80°C in propionic acid by p ‐toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. The mass distribution curve of molecular weight of the resin agreed well with I MOTO 's equation. From the IR spectrum and elementary analysis of the resin it was concluded that the resin consists of diphenyl ether units, connected by methylene groups, and with H or CH 2 OCOC 2 H 5 as end‐groups.
The therapeutic effect of Achyranthis Radix on the collagen-induced arthritis in mice (2010)

Objectives : The present study was undertaken to determine whether the water extract of Achyranthis Radix, which is the roots of Achyranthes japonica (Achyranthis Radix, AR), is efficacious against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1J mice. Methods : Mice were immunized with bovine type II collagen and orally treated with AR-W (50 and 100 mg/kg/bw) from days 21 to 42 after immunization. Arthritis was evaluated by arthritic score, histological examination of knee joint and serological markers such as TNF-, and anti-type II collagen (C II)IgG. Results : The results showed that comparing with untreated CIA mice, treated with AR-W significantly suppressed the clinical score and joint tissue pathological damages, reduced the serum levels of TNF-, and anti-C II IgG in CIA-mice. These results suggest that AR-W can effectively alleviate inflammatory response on CIA, and anti-inflammatoy of AR-W can be attributed, at least partially, to the inhibition of inflamamtory mediators, and TNF-, in CIA. Conclusions : This study suggests that AR-W has a therapeutic potential in inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.