gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computing Inductive Noise of Chip Packages (1984)

Inductive noise limits the physical design of high-speed, high pin-out chip packages. This paper presents the derivation of some basic equations that are useful for computing inductive noise of various chip packages, and also presents simple asymptotic and limiting results that reduce to some useful approximate results proposed by others. These results are helpful for computing inductive noise in arrays of wire bonds, solder balls, dual in-line package leads, package pins, and connector pins. Computed results agreed well with measured results. We present two simple rules for minimizing inductive noise and also discuss the inductive noise of power and ground planes.
Oestrogen receptor status, pathological complete response and prognosis in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer (2004)

The aim of this study was to ascertain if oestrogen receptor (ER) status predicts for pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in operable breast cancer, and the effects of pCR on survival. Using a single-institution database, 435 patients were identified, who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast cancer and were eligible for the analysis. Patients whose tumours were ER negative were more likely to achieve a pCR than patients who were ER positive (21.6 vs 8.1%, P<0.001). Owing to a strong correlation between ER status and grade, these variables were not shown to be independent predictors of pCR. Overall survival (OS) was better in those patients who achieved a pCR compared to those who did not (5-year OS 91 vs 73%; P=0.02). This was still the case when only patients with ER-negative tumours were examined (5-year OS 90 vs 52%, P=0.005), but not in the subset of patients with ER-positive tumours (5-year OS 93 vs 79%; P=0.3). Therefore, patients with ER-negative tumours were found to be more likely to achieve a pCR to neoadjuvant chemotherapy than those with ER-positive tumours, and pathological response did not have prognostic significance in patients with ER-positive tumours.
Effects of Fish Size and Temperature On Weakfish Disturbance Calls: Implications For the Mechanism of Sound Generation (2000)

To categorize variation in disturbance calls of the weakfish Cynoscion regalis and to understand their generation, we recorded sounds produced by different-sized fish, and by similar-sized fish at different temperatures, as well as muscle electromyograms. Single, simultaneous twitches of the bilateral sonic muscles produce a single sound pulse consisting of a two- to three-cycle acoustic waveform. Typical disturbance calls at 18 degrees C consist of trains of 2-15 pulses with a sound pressure level (SPL) of 74 dB re 20 microPa at 10 cm, a peak frequency of 540 Hz, a repetition rate of 20 Hz and a pulse duration of 3.5 ms. The pulse duration suggests an incredibly short twitch time. Sound pressure level (SPL) and pulse duration increase and dominant frequency decreases in larger fish, whereas SPL, repetition rate and dominant frequency increase and pulse duration decreases with increasing temperature. The dominant frequency is inversely related to pulse duration and appears to be determined by the duration of muscle contraction. We suggest that the lower dominant frequency of larger fish is caused by a longer pulse (=longer muscle twitch) and not by the lower resonant frequency of a larger swimbladder.
Heteroatom‐embedded Medium‐Sized Cycloalkynes: Concise Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and Reactions (2014)

A variety of medium-sized cycloalkynes were efficiently synthesized by the double Nicholas reaction of cobalt complex and bis(hetero)substituted acyclic compound. The alkyne moiety within the ring has a unique bent structure and high reactivity toward cycloaddition reactions. Furthermore, preparation of multifunctionalized alkynes was achieved by embedding the cycloalkyne within a peptide chain.
Dual-mode Imaging of Cutaneous Tissue Oxygenation and Vascular Function (2010)

Accurate assessment of cutaneous tissue oxygenation and vascular function is important for appropriate detection, staging, and treatment of many health disorders such as chronic wounds. We report the development of a dual-mode imaging system for non-invasive and non-contact imaging of cutaneous tissue oxygenation and vascular function. The imaging system integrated an infrared camera, a CCD camera, a liquid crystal tunable filter and a high intensity fiber light source. A Labview interface was programmed for equipment control, synchronization, image acquisition, processing, and visualization. Multispectral images captured by the CCD camera were used to reconstruct the tissue oxygenation map. Dynamic thermographic images captured by the infrared camera were used to reconstruct the vascular function map. Cutaneous tissue oxygenation and vascular function images were co-registered through fiduciary markers. The performance characteristics of the dual-mode image system were tested in humans.
Attacks landscape in the dark side of the web (2017)

The Dark Web is known as the part of the Internet operated by decentralized and anonymous-preserving protocols like Tor. To date, the research community has focused on understanding the size and characteristics of the Dark Web and the services and goods that are offered in its underground markets. However, little is still known about the attacks landscape in the Dark Web.
Exeter (1972)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Systemic treatments for advanced cutaneous melanoma. (1995)

The treatment of advanced cutaneous melanoma remains disappointing. Single-agent cytotoxic drugs usually produce response rates of less than 20%, though newer agents, particularly fotemustine and temozolomide, show some promise, especially in patients with brain metastases. Combination chemotherapy regimens yield response rates of 20% to 40%, but durable complete remissions are uncommon. Interferon-alfa and interleukin-2 alone produce response rates of 10% to 20%, 3% to 5% of which are durable. Vaccines and monoclonal antibodies have low level activity in advanced disease but may play a role in the adjuvant setting. The combinations of cisplatin-based regimens plus IFN-alfa and IL-2 have produced overall response rates of 50% to 60% and complete responses in 20% of patients, about half of which are durable. The toxicity of these regimens is severe, however, and their impact on survival remains to be established.
Atmospheric electricity during disturbed weather (1948)

From October, 1942, to May, 1946, a special investigation of, atmospheric electricity during disturbed weather was undertaken at Kew Observatory, England, with special reference to the electricity carried on rain and snow. The results obtained have been discussed in detail in a paper which is to be published as Geophysical Memoir No. 84 by the London Meteorological Office. Owing to shortage of paper and other difficulties resulting from the war it may be some considerable time before the Memoir is printed and distributed. The Director of the Meteorological Office has therefore approved of the following summary of the conclusions reached in the work being made available in advance of the publication of the Memoir.
Silver Nanoparticle and Nanowire Formation by Microtubule Templates (2004)

The synthesis of increasingly miniaturized structures using alternative techniques is strongly motivated by future applications in areas such as nanoelectronics. Highly ordered protein assemblies of tubular structure and high geometric aspect ratio are used as bioorganic templates for the bottom-up synthesis of metal nanostructures. When the biotemplate is coupled to an appropriate chemical reaction, metal is generated in situ and deposited along the backbone of the biostructure. Ag/protein structures with different morphologies are produced, from microtubules densely covered with small Ag nanoparticles to continuous Ag nanowires. Our results demonstrate the potential of bioassemblies in general for the fabrication of multidimensional structures with interesting material properties.
Omnidirectional Active Vision for Evolutionary Car Driving (2006)

We describe a set of simulations to evolve omnidirectional active vision, an artificial retina scanning over images taken via an omnidirectional camera, being applied to a car driving task. While the retina can immediately access features in any direction, it is asked to select behaviorally-relevant features so as to drive the car on the road. Neural controllers which direct both the retinal movement and the system behavior, i.e., the speed and the steering angle of the car, are tested in three different circuits and developed through artificial evolution. We show that the evolved retina moving over the omnidirectional image successfully detects the task-relevant visual features so as to drive the car on the road. Behavioral analysis illustrates its effective strategy in algorithmic, computational, and memory resources.
Picosecond optical nonlinearities in lead chalcogenide semiconductors (1991)

Optical nonlinearities of PbSe are studied in picosecond pump-probe experiments at wavelengths from 4 to 8 μm. Excitation of an electron-hole plasma leads to a shift of the absorption edge to higher energies and to large changes of the refractive index by up to −0.1 for a carrier density of 4×1017 cm−3. The optical nonlinearities result from band filling by both electrons and holes. The time-dependent absorption change shows a partial recovery within 100 ps, giving evidence of enhanced recombination rates. Theoretical calculations of the absorption change are in agreement with the experimental data.
Decentralized Visual-Inertial Localization and Mapping on Mobile Devices for Augmented Reality (2019)

In this paper, we present a novel approach to shared augmented reality (AR) for mobile devices operating in the same area that does not rely on cloud computing. In particular, each user's device processes the visual and inertial data received from its sensors and almost immediately broadcasts a partial feature map of its surroundings. In parallel, every device localizes against the broadcasted maps by employing feature observations to determine its 4-DOF transformation to each of the gravity-aligned maps. By doing so, virtual content placed by any of the users is quickly and accurately displayed in all other users' views. Furthermore, to reduce the effect of inconsistency introduced by relocalizing against incrementally created and updated maps, their transformations w.r.t. the device are modeled as random processes driven by white noise instead of constant, unknown parameters. Lastly, we assess the accuracy of our approach for the case of two users in a room-scale environment against VICON ground-truth.
Current vs. logic testability of bridges in scan chains (2002)

Comparison between current and voltage testing in a scan-path flip-flop affected by single bridging defects is presented. Defects obtained by inductive fault analysis (IFA) have been classified depending on the location within the scan cell and its electrical behaviour has been simulated using HSPICE. Current (I/sub ddq/) testing of zero resistance bridges covers only 92% of the realistic bridges obtained by IFA. The remaining 8%, can be detected by logic (voltage) testing. For realistic bridges with resistance above 2 Omega , current testing is highly efficient achieving 100 % coverage with the appropriate I/sub ddq/ sensor. On the contrary, logic testing is highly inefficient in detecting resistive bridges some of which may cause timing degradation in spite of error free quiescent behaviour.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structure and chemical properties of ptilomycalin A (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and chemical properties of ptilomycalin AIkuko Ohtani, Takenori Kusumi, Hiroshi Kakisawa, Yoel Kashman, and Shulamit HirshCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 22, 8472–8479Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00048a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00048a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views471Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Oligomeric structure of caveolin: implications for caveolae membrane organization. (1995)

A 22-kDa protein, caveolin, is localized to the cytoplasmic surface of plasma membrane specializations called caveolae. We have proposed that caveolin may function as a scaffolding protein to organize and concentrate signaling molecules within caveolae. Here, we show that caveolin interacts with itself to form homooligomers. Electron microscopic visualization of these purified caveolin homooligomers demonstrates that they appear as individual spherical particles. By using recombinant expression of caveolin as a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein, we have defined a region of caveolin's cytoplasmic N-terminal domain that mediates these caveolin-caveolin interactions. We suggest that caveolin homooligomers may function to concentrate caveolin-interacting molecules within caveolae. In this regard, it may be useful to think of caveolin homooligomers as "fishing lures" with multiple "hooks" or attachment sites for caveolin-interacting molecules.
The design of matching pursuit filters (1998)

This paper presents a new technique for creating efficient and compact models from data, called matching pursuit filters. The design of a matching pursuit filter is based on an adapted wavelet expansion, where the expansion is adapted to both the data and the pattern recognition problem being addressed. This contrasts with most adaptation schemes, where the representation is a function of the data, but not of the problem to be solved. This approach does not decompose the images in the training set individually, but rather determines the expansion by simultaneously decomposing all the images. Because it uses two-dimensional wavelets as the building blocks for the decomposition, the representation is explicitly two-dimensional and is composed of local information. Matching pursuit filters can be trained to detect, recognize, or identify objects and have been applied to recognizing faces and detecting objects in infrared imagery.
Application and validation of HUNS3D flow solver for aerodynamic drag prediction cases (2013)

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are extensively used in scientific research and in the design and analysis phase. In order to establish confidence and quantify the results of these simulations, verification and validation process should be conducted. In the present work the validation process for in-house CFD code HUNS3D (Hybrid Unstructured Navier-Stokes 3D) was carried out by simulating drag prediction cases and comparing results with the experiment and other CFD solvers. This procedure will ensure the solver accuracy and its ability to replicate the flow physics. Firstly, two dimensional test cases selected from AIAA Drag Prediction workshop were simulated. NACA-0012 airfoil which usually has a blunt trailing edge is slightly modified so that a sharp trailing edge is obtained. For grid convergence study, a total of five grids were investigated. From coarsest-to-finest the grids have the dimensions of 113 × 33 - 1793 × 513 cells respectively. The grid aspect ratio was kept constant for all the cases. An essential requirement for these test cases was to run them at incompressible condition (M = 0.15) and at Reynolds number of 6 million. As part of a convergence study, asymptotic convergence analysis was also performed. Next the study was extended for drag prediction of DLR-F6 Wing-Body-Nacelle-Pylon (WBNP) configuration. The lift and drag values were calculated at transonic flow conditions by solving RANS equations on unstructured hybrid grid. Three different test cases were performed by changing the angle of attack and the results were compared with the available experimental data. The simulations were converged to a value of 1e-8 for residuals. The predicted drag value was found in close agreement when compared with available results. The static stall simulation for NACA-0012 resulted in an overall difference of less than 8% for lift coefficient, when compared with the experimental data. For purpose of validating turbulence models, the simulations were conducted at different angles of attack (0°, 10°, 15°). Lift and drag coefficient were calculated by employing Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model and Shear Stress Turbulence (SST) turbulence model. These results were compared with those obtained by CFL3D solver and maximum difference of 6% was found. For DLR- F6 configuration the predicted drag values compares well with other CFD solver and experimental data showing consistent trend and comparable wing pressure distributions.
Screening for functional expression and overexpression of a family of diiron‐containing interfacial membrane proteins using the univector recombination system (2003)

The large number of uncharacterized genes emerging from genome sequencing projects has resulted in a need for quick and reliable screening methods for protein expression parameters. We have utilized the univector plasmid recombination system (as previously reported) to develop a series of vectors for rapid screening for expression in Escherichia coli. A high level of recombinant protein expression is a requirement for purification of protein for structural determination and other purposes. In other applications, successful complementation of a missing enzyme activity in E. coli, as well as directed evolution studies and metabolic engineering, often require a much lower level of protein expression. In this report we describe the construction of a number of new pHOST vectors that can be screened for both low- and high-level expression. We isolated a mutant vector for MBP fusions that exhibited a more optimal level of expression for complementation of aerobic respiration in hemA(-) E. coli, our functional assay for the alternative oxidase. We then demonstrated the use of our system to rapidly screen for both optimal functional expression and optimal overexpression of the alternative oxidase as well as two other members of a family of membrane-bound diiron carboxylate proteins, the plastid terminal oxidase and 5-demethoxyquinone hydroxylase.
Economic analysis of an areawide program for biological control of the alfalfa weevil (1995)

Abstract An areawide program for biological control of the alfalfa weevil showed expected economic benefits of $2.2 billion, expressed in present value terms. Alfalfa producers and consumers of livestock products are the main beneficiaries. The control program was highly successful, with a benefit/cost ratio of about 91. Not all areawide biological pest control programs will be as successful; a benefit-cost analysis like the one described here should be performed before areawide control is initiated to identify programs expected to provide economic benefits.
On the calculation of power from curvature of the cornea. (1986)

The theoretical basis for the calculation of corneal refractive power from anterior curvature is considered. It is shown that the power can be calculated with sufficient accuracy from one simple formula provided the refractive index of the 'cornea' is 1.3315. It is suggested that keratometer readings should be calibrated with this value in order to increase the accuracy in intraocular lens calculation.
Understanding, Experiencing, and Appreciating the Arts: Folk Pedagogy in Two Elementary Schools in Taiwan (2008)

Drawing on Bruner’s notion of folk pedagogy, this research explores how Chinese aesthetic education is perceived and valued at two elementary schools in Taiwan. Using qualitative methods, the research explores how arts teachers guide children to experience arts through the arts curricula in school and the local culture. The study reveals that the two schools share a respect for nature and a concern for local culture. The seven arts teachers’ folk pedagogy includes the desire to connect beauty and arts learning, develop children’s aesthetic feelings, cultivate children’s character, and integrate arts into everyday life. The teachers’ shared views provide a broad picture of these folk beliefs in Taiwan as well as a cultural lens for examining aesthetic education in Taiwan and the larger Asian culture.
Gene therapy of genetic diseases and cancer (1999)

The scope of gene transfer applications in human therapy has expanded enormously over the last 15 years to include not only several types of genetic diseases but also a variety of genetic approaches to the treatment of cancer. Hematopoietic stem cells have been considered excellent targets for therapeutic gene transfer because of their capacity for self-renewal and for differentiation into multiple cellular lineages. Retrovirus-mediated gene transfer has been tested for treatment of diseases that specifically affect the hematopoietic system, such as adenosine deaminase deficiency and chronic granulomatous disease. Storage disorders such as Gaucher disease, Hurler syndrome and Hunter syndrome, genetic deficiencies that affect a broad range of tissue types, may also be amenable to treatment by gene transfer into hematopoietic cells, owing to the release of enzyme expressed in transduced cells with subsequent uptake by untransduced cells ("metabolic cross-correction"). Hematopoietic stem cells may also be targeted for introduction of drug-resistance genes for the purpose of protecting normal tissues from the toxic side-effects of cancer chemotherapeutic agents, thus allowing more effective antitumor chemotherapy. The danger of introducing drug-resistance function into tumor cells may be dealt with by including sequences specifically designed to reduce expression of oncogenes or to restore expression of tumor suppressor genes. Current limitations on the efficiency of gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells may be alleviated by the development of new vector systems such as adeno-associated virus or lentivirus vectors, or by advances in cell processing that render hematopoietic cells more susceptible to transduction. Drug-resistance genes may also be applied for in vivo selection to expand the representation of a small proportion of transduced hematopoietic cells. These approaches toward increasing the frequency of hematopoietic cell transduction contribute to the anticipated feasibility of gene therapy for genetic diseases and cancer.
[Neurological causes for wrist pain]. (1993)

The most common cause of wrist pain, due to neurological disorder is carpal tunnel syndrome. In aging patients with atrophy of the hand muscles it is to be differentiated from s.c. myelopathic hand, caused by denervation of anterior horn cells in conditions such as cervical spondylosis. The referred pain affiliated with palpable bands and trigger points in the muscles has to be also considered as origin of pain.