gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conversion of perovskite to anatase and TiO2 (B): A TEM study and the use of fundamental building blocks for understanding relationships among the TiO2 minerals (1992)

TiO 2 crystallizes in at least seven modifications encompassing several major structure types including those of rutile, hollandite and PbO 2 . We have adopted a fundamental building block (FBB) approach in order to understand better the relationships between these structures. The identification of common structural elements provides insights into possible phase transformation mechanisms as well as the weathering reactions that convert perovskite (CaTiO 3 ) to TiO 2 anatase and TiO 2 (B)
Double-Blind Study of Pulsing Magnetic Field Effects on Multiple Sclerosis (1997)

We performed a double-blind study to measure the clinical and subclinical effects of an alternative medicine magnetic device on disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). The MS patients were exposed to a magnetic pulsing device (Enermed) where the frequency of the magnetic pulse was in the 4-13 Hz range (50-100 milliGauss). A total of 30 MS patients wore the device on preselected sites between 10 and 24 hours a day for 2 months. Half of the patients (15) randomly received an Enermed device that was magnetically inactive and the other half received an active device. Each MS patient received a set of tests to evaluate MS disease status before and after wearing the Enermed device. The tests included (1) a clinical rating (Kurtzke, EDSS), (2) patient-reported performance scales, and (3) quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) during a language task. Although there was no significant change between pretreatment and posttreatment in the EDSS scale, there was a significant improvement in the performance scale (PS) combined rating for bladder control, cognitive function, fatigue level, mobility, spasticity, and vision (active group -3.83 +/- 1.08, p < 0.005; placebo group -0.17 +/- 1.07, change in PS scale). There was also a significant change between pretreatment and posttreatment in alpha EEG magnitude during the language task recorded at various electrode sites on the left side. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we have demonstrated a statistically significant effect of the Enermed magnetic pulsing device on patient performance scales and on alpha EEG magnitude during a language task.
Purification and characterization of the <i>N</i>-terminal propeptide of human type III procollagen (1985)

The N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen was purified from human ascitic fluid by using (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, DEAE-Sephacel chromatography at pH 8.6, Sephacryl S-300 chromatography and another DEAE-Sephacel chromatography at pH 4.5. The Mr of the human peptide was about 42 000, which corresponds in size to the propeptide released by the specific N-proteinase during the extracellular processing of collagen. Bacterial-collagenase digestion of the human peptide produced three fragments, which could be separated on a Bio-Gel P-10 column. The human propeptide and its collagenase-derived fragments, an N-terminal non-collagenous domain Col 1, a C-terminal non-helical domain Col 2 and a collagenous domain Col 3, resembled those derived from the N-terminal segment of bovine type III procollagen in their amino acid composition. The human peptide was found to contain sulphate, which may explain its extremely low isoelectric point (3.1). Antibodies against the human N-terminal propeptide reacted similarly with both the purified human peptide and a corresponding segment of bovine type III procollagen. The human propeptide could be used in developing radioimmunoassays for monitoring fibrotic processes.
Immunization of Chickens Against Coccidiosis with Extracts of Eimeria-Infected Tissues (1986)

Immunization of chickens with extracts prepared from Eimeria-infected tissues was attempted. Significant protection against weight depression was conferred when chickens were inoculated intra-abdominally with tissue extracts prepared from ceca infected with two different strains of E. tenella. When extracts were given intravenously, with or without the adjuvant, polyandenylic-polyuridylic acid, weight depression was not ameliorated after challenge. Experiments using extracts from two strains of E. acervulina- and E. maxima- and one strain of E. brunetti-infected tissues failed to protect against weight gain depression after challenge.
A rod-like polymer containing {Ru(terpy)2} units prepared by electrochemical coupling of pendant thienyl moieties (2002)

A new rod-like coordination polymer consisting of (Ru-(terpy)2) motifs bridged by bithiophene units has been prepared by electrochemical polymerisation in acidic organic medium.
Effects of internal low-dose irradiation from 131I on gene expression in normal tissues in Balb/c mice (2011)

Despite the low absorbed doses delivered to the tissues investigated, a surprisingly strong response was observed. Affected biological processes were primarily associated with the normal function of the tissues, and only small deviations from the normal metabolic activity in the tissues were induced.
Recombination within the myelin basic protein gene created the dysmyelinating shiverer mouse mutation. (1986)

Shiverer (shi) is an autosomal recessive mutation in the mouse characterized by an almost total lack of central nervous system myelin. While small amounts of other myelin components are present in the brain of the shi mouse, the four forms of myelin basic protein (MBP) are not detectable. Previous investigations by us and others indicate that the MBP gene has undergone a major rearrangement in the shi mutant. Herein, we report in detail the nature and extent of the rearrangement: a 20-kilobase region within the MBP gene is missing in the mutant. We map the 5' breakpoint of the deletion to the second intron and the 3' breakpoint to a site 2 kilobases beyond the last MBP exon. The junction of the upstream and downstream portions of the gene contains only one nucleotide not accounted for by the wild-type MBP gene sequence. The 3' side of the deletion occurs in the 3rd of 11 tandem repeats of a 31-base-pair sequence. This region is rich in alternating purine and pyrimidine stretches, sequences that have been associated with both Z-DNA structures and gene rearrangements. The recombination junction shares several features with the junctions characterized by Anderson et al. [Anderson, R., Kato, S. & Camerini-Otero, D. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 206-210] in mouse L cells and is consistent with their model for a partially homologous recombination event. The structure of the shi recombination junction suggests that the donor DNA molecules were aligned in a partially homologous region before staggered cutting and joining occurred.
One Size Does Not Fit All: The Case for Chunking Configuration in Backup Deduplication (2018)

Data backup is regularly required by both enterprise and individual users to protect their data from unexpected loss. There are also various commercial data deduplication systems or software that help users to eliminate duplicates in their backup data to save storage space. In data deduplication systems, the data chunking process splits data into small chunks. Duplicate data is identified by comparing the fingerprints of the chunks. The chunk size setting has significant impact on deduplication performance. A variety of chunking algorithms have been proposed in recent studies. In practice, existing systems often set the chunking configuration in an empirical manner. A chunk size of 4KB or 8KB is regarded as the sweet spot for good deduplication performance. However, the data storage and access patterns of users vary and change along time, as a result, the empirical chunk size setting may not lead to a good deduplication ratio and sometimes results in difficulties of storage capacity planning. Moreover, it is difficult to make changes to the chunking settings once they are put into use as duplicates in data with different chunk size settings cannot be eliminated directly. In this paper, we propose a sampling-based chunking method and develop a tool named SmartChunker to estimate the optimal chunking configuration for deduplication systems. Our evaluations on real-world datasets demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of SmartChunker.
The role of the interfacial layer in polysilicon emitter bipolar transistors (1982)

This paper presents a unified theory for current transport in the monocrystalline emitter, thin oxide layer, and polycrystalline region of a bipolar transistor with a polysilicon emitter. The transport and tunneling equations are arranged in such a way that fast numerical solutions are readily obtained. A clear qualitative description is presented of the processes involved in gain determination and quantitative results are given for typical structures with various interfacial oxide layer thickness as a function of bias conditions.
Endothelial cells promote neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation associated with VEGF activated Notch and Pten signaling (2010)

To investigate whether and how endothelial cells affect neurogenesis, we established a system to co-culture endothelial cells and brain slices of neonatal rat and observed how subventricular zone cells differentiate in the presence of endothelial cells. In the presence of endothelial cells, neural stem cells increased in number, as did differentiated neurons and glia. The augmentation of neurogenesis was reversed by diminishing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in endothelial cells with RNA interference (RNAi). Microarray analysis indicated that expression levels of 112 genes were significantly altered by co-culture and that expression of 81 of the 112 genes recovered to normal levels following RNAi of VEGF in endothelial cells. Pathway mapping showed an enrichment of genes in the Notch and Pten pathways. These data indicate that endothelial cells promote neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation associated with VEGF, possibly by activating the Notch and Pten pathways.
Morphological characteristics of foramen of Vesalius and its relationship with clinical implications (2010)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence as well morphometry of the foramen of Vesalius in human skulls and analyzing their clinical importance. Dry human skulls (n = 80) and with gender distinction were used (40 male and 40 female). The results demonstrates an total incidence of 40%, 13.75% skulls with the bilateral presence of the foramen, 26.25% skulls with the unilateral presence of the foramen, 31.25% skulls with foramen only of the right side, 22.50% skulls with foramen only of the left side, 25% masculine skulls with at least 1 foramen and 52.25% skulls with at least 1 foramen. The morphometry showed an average diameter of 1.457 ± 1.043 mm on the right and 1592 ± 0938 mm to the left. The average distance to the foramen ovale was 1.853 ± 0.303 mm on the right side and 2.464 ± 0.311 mm on the left. It can be concluded that a deepened anatomical study of the foramen of Vesalius collaborates not only for anatomical knowledge of this structure, but also in clinical situations involving this foramen.
Design optimization of SMF-DCF hybrid transmission lines for long haul large capacity WDM transmission systems (1999)

Design optimization of hybrid transmission lines consisting of a single mode fiber and a dispersion compensating fiber has revealed that transmission lines with a dispersion slope of less than 0.03 ps/nm/sup 2//km and a newly defined equivalent effective area larger than 65 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ are feasible.
Isoflavone genistein inhibits the initiation and promotion of two-stage skin carcinogenesis in mice (1998)

Isoflavone genistein is a specific inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and has been shown to have a variety of anticancer activities in cultured cells and animal models. We report here that genistein significantly inhibits 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-initiated and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-promoted skin tumorigenesis in a two-stage carcinogenesis model. In an initiation study, 10 micromol genistein was applied daily to female SENCAR mouse skin for 1 week, followed by initiation with 10 nmol DMBA. Mice were then treated with twice weekly 4 microg TPA. Genistein was shown to reduce tumor incidence and multiplicity in DMBA-initiated skin tumors by approximately 20 (P < 0.05) and 50% (P < 0.01), respectively. Two promotion studies were conducted using CD-1 and SENCAR mice. In experiment 1, CD-1 mice were initiated with 100 nmol DMBA and followed by a twice weekly regimen of 1 and 5 micromol genistein/4 microg TPA. In experiment 2, SENCAR mice were initiated with 10 nmol DMBA and followed by a regimen of 5, 10 and 20 micromol genistein/2 microg TPA. Both studies consistently showed that genistein substantially inhibited TPA-promoted skin tumorigenesis by reducing the tumor multiplicity by approximately 60 and 75%, respectively (P < 0.01). However, the tumor incidence appeared to be less affected. Mechanistic studies showed that genistein inhibited DMBA-induced bulky DNA adduct formation and substantially suppressed TPA-stimulated H2O2 and inflammatory responses in mouse skin by >60% (P < 0.01). In contrast, genistein only exhibited a moderate inhibition of TPA-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity (P > 0.05). Our results suggest that genistein exerts its anti-initiational and anti-promotional effects on skin carcinogenesis probably through blockage of DNA adduct formation and inhibition of oxidative and inflammatory events in vivo.
Raman Microscopy Applied to Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Cells-Steps towards <i>in situ</i> Raman Imaging with Increased Optical Efficiency (2001)

Important improvements have been made in an in situ Raman cell developed to monitor the processes of lithium intercalation into the carbon and metal oxide materials used in lithium-ion cells. By reducing the electrolyte gap in the cell and changing the optical arrangement, the signal-to-noise ratio could be improved by a factor of about 20. The optimized cell gives optical access to either electrode (anode or cathode) employed in commercial lithium-ion batteries. The optical efficiency is such that Raman maps of electrode surface segments can be recorded under in situ conditions with an acquisition time of about 30 s per spectrum.
Product Formulation for Ohmic Heating: Blanching as a Pretreatment Method to Improve Uniformity in Heating of Solid–Liquid Food Mixtures (2007)

The electrical conductivity of food components is critical to ohmic heating. Food components of different electrical conductivities heat at different rates. While equal electrical conductivities of all phases are desirable, real food products may behave differently. In the present study involving chicken chow mein consisting of a sauce and different solid components, celery, water chestnuts, mushrooms, bean sprouts, and chicken, it was observed that the sauce was more conductive than all solid components over the measured temperature range. To improve heating uniformity, a blanching method was developed to increase the ionic content of the solid components. By blanching different solid components in a highly conductive sauce at 100 degrees C for different lengths of time, it was possible to adjust their conductivity to that of the sauce. Chicken chow mein samples containing blanched particulates were compared with untreated samples with respect to ohmic heating uniformity at 60 Hz up to 140 degrees C. All components of the treated product containing blanched solids heated more uniformly than untreated product. In sensory tests, 3 different formulations of the blanched product showed good quality attributes and overall acceptability, demonstrating the practical feasibility of the blanching protocol.
15. The dehydration of benzylcyclohexanols (1936)

J. W. Cook and C. L. Hewett, J. Chem. Soc., 1936, 62 DOI: 10.1039/JR9360000062
People Living With Epilepsy Exploring socio cultural determinants affecting their life (2014)

Socio-cultural determinants affecting People Living with Epilepsy (PLWE) were explored between August 2010 and November, 2011 in Bareilly district of North India. Results reveal various aspects of their life: onset of first seizure, duration of suffering, their perception about daily life, marriage, family burden, etc. Further, it explored their activities during before and after treatment? PLWE face Stigma in the family as well as in their community. The capacity to do work and earn and expenditure incurred on hospital visits were major determinants affecting their life. Relationship of PLWE with other people and involvement in Community are other crucial socio-cultural determinants affecting their life. Keywords: Epilepsy, PLWE, Seizure, Stigma.
Colibactin biosynthesis and biological activity depend on the rare aminomalonyl polyketide precursor (2015)

The as-yet unidentified E. coli metabolite colibactin induces DNA damage in eukaryotic cells and promotes tumorigenesis. Its wide distribution in pathogenic and probiotic strains has raised great interest in its structure and biosynthesis. Here we show that colibactin formation involves a rare aminomalonyl unit used as a building block.
Preaching on Luke-acts (2013)

This is an edited transcript of an interview with Darrell Bock, Senior Research Professor of New Testament Studies and Executive Director of Cultural Engagement at Dallas Theological Seminary in the United States of America. An internationally renowned scholar of the New Testament, Professor Bock is highly regarded for his work on the Gospel of Luke and the book of Acts, on both of which he has written at length.
High Performance InAs/InP C-Band Quantum Dot Coherence Frequency Comb Lasers (2013)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Z. G. Lu, J. R. Liu, D. Poitras, P. Poole, P. Barrios, C. Y. Song, S. D. Chang, C. Flueraru, H. P. Ding, and S. Janz, "High Performance InAs/InP C-Band Quantum Dot Coherence Frequency Comb Lasers," in CLEO: 2013, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2013), paper CTh4G.2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Isolation and Culture of Human Astrocytes (2011)

Although rodent models have been essential to unveil the emerging functions of astrocytes, the existence of interspecies differences calls for caution in extrapolating data from rodent to human astrocytes. We have developed highly enriched primary astrocyte cultures from human fetuses and adult cerebro-cortical biopsies from neurosurgery patients. Immunocytochemical characterization shows that cultures are composed of more than 95% of cells expressing in vitro astrocytic markers. Examination of the morphological and proliferative properties of cultures derived from the cerebral cortex and the hypothalamus both in untreated conditions and after treatment with EGF-related ligands illustrates the high plasticity of human astrocytes and their functional heterogeneity according to the cerebral region of origin. Our preparation offers the opportunity to characterize human astrocyte functions in vitro and also provides a valuable tool for studying the functional heterogeneity of human astrocytes isolated from distinct brain regions.
WIRE CHAMBERS FOR CLINICAL IMAGING OF GAMMA-RAYS (1970)

Spark chambers with digitized readouts offer distinct advantages in spatial resolution and coverage over other gamma-ray imaging devices.While these chambers usually require external logic signals for triggering, in this paper we describe a method that provides self-triggering spark chambers.We also describe initial tests of a 45 X 45 cm spark chamber with 60Co and 19 8 Au samples.Future developments are mentioned.
Gene promoter hypermethylation in ductal lavage fluid from healthy BRCAgene mutation carriers and mutation-negative controls (2007)

We found substantial levels of aberrant methylation, with the use of a four-gene panel, in the fluid from the breasts of healthy BRCA mutation carriers compared with controls. Methylation analysis of free DNA in DL fluid may offer a useful surrogate marker for BRCA1/2 mutation status and/or breast cancer risk. Further studies are required for the evaluation of the specificity and predictive value of aberrant methylation in DL fluid for future breast cancer development in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.
Adipic acid assisted sol–gel synthesis of Li2MnSiO4 nanoparticles with improved lithium storage properties (2010)

An adipic acid assisted sol–gel route was employed to prepare phase pure Li2MnSiO4 under the optimized conditions. Powder X-ray diffraction measurements confirm the formation of orthorhombic Li2MnSiO4 with Pmn21 space group. The oxidation state of Mn(II) was confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies. FTIR study was conducted to ensure the formation of a tetrahedral SiO4 group. Morphological features confirmed the appearance of evenly dispersed Li2MnSiO4 spherical nanoparticles with size of ∼30 nm. The Li/Li2MnSiO4 cell was constructed to study the electrochemical performance of Li2MnSiO4 nanoparticles and the cell delivers a stable discharge capacity profile (∼125 mAh g−1) for observed 50 cycles.
The esterase catalysed resolution of lactones and spirodilactone (1993)

The pig liver esterase catalysed hydrolysis of spirodilactone and γ-phenyl-γ-butyrolactone gives optically active products (>90% e.e., after 50% reaction). However, the similarly substituted acyclic ester analogues of the lactone do not exhibit enantioselectivity suggesting that the acylation step shows the selectivity. Racemic spirodilactone can be converted, in principle, entirely into one of its enantiomers.
Vector quantization of the articulatory space (1988)

A technique is presented for quantizing the articulatory space, i.e. for replacing the continuum of all possible vocal tract shapes by a finite set of shapes that span the articulatory space. Vocal tract shapes are represented as vectors of parameters that control an articulatory model, so vector quantization are applicable for deriving this codebook of tract shapes. Samples of the articulatory space are generated by interpolating model parameters along paths between selected target configurations. These shapes constitute the training data that are clustered to form the codebook. Such a codebook of shapes has direct application when vocal tract shapes must be estimated from speech. One such application, which motivated the present study, is the use of the codebook to providing starting configurations for an optimizing articulatory speech synthesizer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>