gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Articulated Model Fitting on a Single Image or a Sequence (2007)

Models that can efficiently, compactly, and semantically represent potential users are important tools for human-robot interaction applications. We model a person as a projection of a generic 3D articulated model and propose a method to estimate its joint positions from image data in an optimization framework. This is done by constructing a function that grades a configuration of joints according to how well it matches the underlying image and model based priors. We then search for local optimum in this space both efficiently and exhaustively by assembling partial configurations in a bottom-up manner. Working from the leaves of the tree to its root, we maintain a list of locally optimal, yet sufficiently distinct candidate configurations for the body pose. We then adapt this algorithm for use on a sequence of images to make it even more efficient by considering configurations that are near their position in the previous frame. This way, the number of partial configurations generated and evaluated significantly reduces. These algorithms are validated on real image data.
CD36 and CD97 in Pancreatic Cancer versus Other Malignancies (2020)

Starting from the recent identification of CD36 and CD97 as a novel marker combination of fibroblast quiescence in lung during fibrosis, we aimed to survey the literature in search for facts about the separate (or concomitant) expression of clusters of differentiation CD36 and CD97 in either tumor- or pancreatic-cancer-associated cells. Here, we provide an account of the current knowledge on the diversity of the cellular functions of CD36 and CD97 and explore their potential (common) contributions to key cellular events in oncogenesis or metastasis development. Emphasis is placed on quiescence as an underexplored mechanism and/or potential target in therapy. Furthermore, we discuss intricate signaling mechanisms and networks involving CD36 and CD97 that may regulate different subpopulations of tumor-associated cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, adipocyte-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, or neutrophils, during aggressive pancreatic cancer. The coexistence of quiescence and activated states in cancer-associated cell subtypes during pancreatic cancer should be better documented, in different histological forms. Remodeling of the local microenvironment may also change the balance between growth and dormant state. Taking advantage of the reported data in different other tissue types, we explore the possibility to induce quiescence (similar to that observed in normal cells), as a therapeutic option to delay the currently observed clinical outcome.
Overview of Pulsar Navigation: Past, Present and Future Trends (2011)

In this contribution we will provide an overview of the work that has been done on pulsar navigation and show a new direction in pulsar-based navigation research. Up until now the focus has been on X-ray pulsars, whereas our focus will be on the possibility of using radio pulsars. The radio frequency range has been neglected because the radio-frequency pulses were assumed to be too weak to detect with antennas of a reasonable size. We will demonstrate that with a relatively small antenna radio pulses can be detected even on Earth. In our discussion we will make a comparison of pulsar navigation with GNSS and the differences are analyzed in a detailed discussion on both navigation methods.
(24) Familial Jessner's syndrome (1983)

Journal Article (24) Familial Jessner's syndrome Get access B. E. Monk, B. E. Monk Farnborough Hospital, Bromley, Kent Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. P. Sparrow, G. P. Sparrow King's College Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. du Vivier A. du Vivier King's College Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 109, Issue s24, 1 July 1983, Pages 77–78, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb11631.x Published: 01 July 1983
Fault tolerance lessons applied to parallel computing (2002)

The author describes an approach to fault-tolerant parallel computing which is based on experiences with the most successful fault-tolerant software-the transaction processing systems. The algorithms presented have less routine overhead and faster recovery than most preceding approaches. In the Pact (parallel actions) parallel programming environment, fault tolerance is provided that is fully user transparent in an easy-to-use parallel programming model with a simple synchronization model on virtual shared data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cigarette smoke induced oxidation of human plasma proteins, lipids, and antioxidants; selective protection by the biothiols dihydrolipoic acid and glutathione (1997)

Exposure of human plasma to gas-phase cigarette smoke (CS) causes loss of human plasma antioxidants, protein modification (Frei et al, Biochem J, 1991 277:133-138; Reznick et al, Biochem J, 1992 286: 607-611) and a minimal amount of lipid oxidation. Ascorbic acid was found to prevent CS-induced lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) partially protected against protein modification, as determined by loss of protein -SH groups and by increases in carbonyl content as a measure of protein oxidation. In the present study we demonstrate that dihydrolipoic acid (0.25-1.0 mM) decreases CS-induced protein carbonyls, α-tocopherol loss, and lipid hydroperoxide formation in plasma. In contrast GSH (1 mM) failed to influence CS-induced loss of α-tocopherol, and was 50% as effective as dihydrolipoate in protecting against CS-induced protein carbonyl formation. On the other hand, lipoic acid (oxidized form of dihydrolipoic acid) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) had minimal effect in protecting against the CS-induced protein modifications. These findings demonstrate that low molecular weight thiols are capable of modifying the effect of gas-phase CS on biological fluids. Dihydrolipoate appears to be particularly useful in that it was shown to conserve ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol, i.e. supporting the antioxidant network concept in protection against protein and lipid oxidation.
Multi-Lead Spinal Cord Stimulation for Control of Motor Disorders (1981)

This report presents observations in 160 patients undergoing chronic spinal cord stimulation for various disorders of the motor system and compares the results obtained using older conventional two-electrode bipolar stimulation with a newly developed four-electrode multiple level system. Improvement was noted in 84% of the 75 patients with cerebral palsy, 67% of the 42 patients with dystonia, 62% of the 21 patients with torticollis and 73% of the 22 patients with post-traumatic neurologic loss. Significant improvements were noted when comparing the two-electrode system with the new multiple level electrode. Marked to moderately improved patients increased from 57 to 84% in cerebral palsy, from 44 to 82% in dystonia, from 53 to 75% in torticollis and from 53 to 80% in dystonia, from 53 to 75% in torticollis and from 53 to 80% in posttraumatic neurologic conditions. There was a corresponding marked drop in unimproved patients in each condition.
Design of an optical position detection unit for fast 2D-MOEMS scanners (2012)

Recently, we have developed compact modules comprising optical position sensing, and driver electronics, with closed loop control, which can measure the trajectory of resonantly driven 2D-micro-scanner mirrors. In this contribution we present the optical design of the position sensing unit and highlight various critical aspects. Basically position encoding is obtained using trigger signals generated when a fast photodiode is hit by a laser beam reflected from the backside of the mirror. This approach can also be used in the case of 2D-mirrors. In our device the backside of the mirror is hit by two crossed orthogonal laser beams, whose reflections pass cylindrical mirrors in order to suppress the orthogonal dimension. Mirror deflection around one axis is compensated at the plane of the detection diodes while deflection around the other axis leads to a linear displacement of the beam. The optical design of the unit has to provide the optimal compromise between the requirements for small size and simplicity on the one hand and optical accuracy on the other.
Optimised feeding of dual polarised broadband aperture-coupled printed antenna (1992)

A new feeding technique is proposed for the dual polarised broadband aperture-coupled printed antenna, to optimise the port decoupling and crosspolarisation level. Experimental results are compared with those of a more classical feeding technique.
Kinetics of the reaction between the antioxidant Trolox? and the free radical DPPH? in semi-aqueous solution (2006)

Reaction of the free-radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH(.)) with Trolox (TrOH) was investigated in buffered hydroalcoholic media by using a stopped-flow system. DPPH was reduced to the hydrazine analogue DPPH-H with a measured stoichiometry of about 2. DPPH-H was characterized by an acid-base equilibrium (pKa = 8.6). Time-resolved absorption spectra recorded with an excess of either TrOH or DPPH indicated that no significant amount of the TrO radical was accumulated. The TrO radical formed in a first step further reacted quickly with DPPH(.). For 1 : 1 ethanol-buffer mixtures at pH 7.4, the bimolecular rate constants of the first and second steps were 1.1 x 10(4) M(-1) s(-1) and 2 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1), respectively. A significant increase of the measured rate constant was observed for ethanol-buffer solutions as compared to ethanol. The rate was also increased at higher pH. A deuterium isotopic effect of 2.9 was measured. These data are discussed with regards to mechanisms involving either electron or proton exchange as rate determining steps in the reaction of DPPH with Trolox. The importance of solvent acidity control in investigation of antioxidant properties is outlined.
High-throughput sequencing reveals extensive variation in human-specific L1 content in individual human genomes (2010)

Using high-throughput sequencing, we devised a technique to determine the insertion sites of virtually all members of the human-specific L1 retrotransposon family in any human genome. Using diagnostic nucleotides, we were able to locate the approximately 800 L1Hs copies corresponding specifically to the pre-Ta, Ta-0, and Ta-1 L1Hs subfamilies, with over 90% of sequenced reads corresponding to human-specific elements. We find that any two individual genomes differ at an average of 285 sites with respect to L1 insertion presence or absence. In total, we assayed 25 individuals, 15 of which are unrelated, at 1139 sites, including 772 shared with the reference genome and 367 nonreference L1 insertions. We show that L1Hs profiles recapitulate genetic ancestry, and determine the chromosomal distribution of these elements. Using these data, we estimate that the rate of L1 retrotransposition in humans is between 1/95 and 1/270 births, and the number of dimorphic L1 elements in the human population with gene frequencies greater than 0.05 is between 3000 and 10,000.
Enzymology at the dimer interface of cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (2002)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2002
Increase in<i>Clostridium difficile</i>–related Mortality Rates, United States, 1999<b>–</b>2004 (2007)

Reported mortality rates from Clostridium difficile disease in the United States increased from 5.7 per million population in 1999 to 23.7 per million in 2004. Increased rates may be due to emergence of a highly virulent strain of C. difficile. Rates were higher for whites than for other racial/ethnic groups.
Large-girth LDPC codes based on graphical models (2003)

In this paper we construct two classes of LDPC codes with girth 16 and 20, respectively, based on graphical models. These codes are well-structured, regular, and with column weight j = 2, which greatly simplifies their implementation. The codes with girth g = 16 have code rate r = 1/2. And the codes with girth g = 20 have code rate r = 1/3. Simulation results compare their bit-error-rate (BER) decoding performance in AWGN channels with randomly constructed LDPC codes.
High performance computing (2001)

Supercomputers were once regarded as being of very limited use - of interest to a very few national centers and used by a small fraction of researchers at any given university. As scientific research becomes more and more dependent upon management and analysis of massive amounts of data, advances in human knowledge will become increasingly dependent upon use of high performance computers and parallel programming techniques. Indiana University has undergone a transformation over the past four years, during which the capacity, use, and number of users of High Performance Computing (HPC) systems has dramatically increased. HPC systems are widely viewed as valuable to the scholarly community of Indiana University - even by those researchers who do not use parallel programming techniques. Economies of scale and vendor partnerships have enabled Indiana University to amass significant HPC systems. Carefully implemented strategies in delivery of consulting support have expanded the use of parallel programming techniques. Such techniques are of critical value to advancement of human knowledge in many disciplines, and it is now possible for any institution of higher education to provide some sort of parallel computing resource for education and research.
Synchronous Response to Rotor Imbalance Using a Damped Gas Bearing (2009)

One type of test performed for evaluating bearings for application into turbomachinery is the synchronous bearing response to rotor imbalance. This paper presents rotordynamic tests on a rotor system using a 70 mm diameter damped gas bearing reaching ultra-high speeds of 50,000 rpm. The main objective of the study was to experimentally evaluate the ability of the damped gas bearing to withstand large rotor excursions and provide adequate damping through critical speed transitions. Two critical speeds were excited through varying amounts and configurations of rotor imbalance while measuring the synchronous rotordynamic response at two different axial locations. The results indicated a well-damped rotor system and demonstrated the ability of the gas bearing to safely withstand rotor vibration levels while subjected to severe imbalance loading. Also, a waterfall plot was used to verify ultra-high-speed stability of the rotor system throughout the speed range of the test vehicle. In addition to the experimental tests, a rotordynamic computer model was developed for the rotor-bearing system. Using the amplitude/frequency dependent stiffness and damping coefficients for the ball bearing support and the damped gas-bearing support, a pseudononlinear rotordynamic response to imbalance was performed and compared with the experiments.
A General Description of Commercial Wood Pulping and Bleaching Processes (1969)

Abstract The purpose of Informative Report No. 1, prepared by the TI-9 Pulp and Paper Committee of the Air Pollution Control Association, is to present a general description of the commonly used processes for preparing and bleaching wood pulp. Further reports of a more specific nature will be published as these become available.
Différential gene expression in the liver of lean and fat chickens (2005)

International audience
Efficacy of lytic peptide-bound magnetite nanoparticles in destroying breast cancer cells. (2004)

A 23-amino-acid synthetic lytic peptide (Hecate) was covalently linked to magnetite nanoparticles and the lytic peptide-bound nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electron diffraction. Investigation of magnetic properties with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer has shown a reduction in the saturation magnetization (Ms) of magnetite nanoparticles after binding with lytic peptide. An in vitro cell culture assay with breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-435S revealed that the lytic peptide-bound magnetite nanoparticles were therapeutically active.
P-glycoprotein inhibitors of natural origin as potential tumor chemo-sensitizers: A review (2014)

Resistance of solid tumors to treatment is significantly attributed to pharmacokinetic reasons at both cellular and multi-cellular levels. Anticancer agent must be bio-available at the site of action in a cytotoxic concentration to exert its proposed activity. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a member of the ATP-dependent membrane transport proteins; it is known to pump substrates out of cells in ATP-dependent mechanism. The over-expression of P-gp in tumor cells reduces the intracellular drug concentrations, which decreases the cytotoxicity of a broad spectrum of antitumor drugs. Accordingly, P-gp inhibitors/blockers are potential enhancer for the cellular bioavailability of several clinically important anticancer drugs such as, anthracyclines, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, and podophyllotoxins. Besides several chemically synthesized P-gp inhibitors/blockers, some naturally occurring compounds and plant extracts were reported for their modulation of multidrug resistance; however, this review will focus only on major classes of naturally occurring inhibitors viz., flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, alkaloids and saponins.
Soft Imprinting: Creating Highly Ordered Porous Anodic Alumina Templates on Substrates for Nanofabrication (2007)

Abstract We demonstrate a “soft‐imprinting” method for the fabrication of highly ordered porous anodic alumina (HOPAA) templates on different substrates (such as Si, glass slides, and flexible polyimide films) over large areas (> 1.5 cm 2 ). In this process, Ar plasma etching is employed to soft imprint an evaporated Al film on the substrates using a free‐standing HOPAA template as a mask, thus creating ordered nanoindentations on the Al surface. The ordered nanoindentations in turn guide the subsequent anodization of Al to generate HOPAA templates on the substrates (HOPAA–substrates), which inherit the pattern of the free‐standing HOPAA mask. This soft‐imprinting technique is also applicable to the fabrication of HOPAA on flexible polymer films. To demonstrate the potential uses of the HOPAA–substrates in nanofabrication, highly ordered Au nanowire arrays are fabricated on a Si substrate and TiO 2 nanotube arrays are prepared on a glass substrate via solution‐ and vapor‐based fabrication processes, respectively.
Mutations in the MGAT2 gene controlling complex N-glycan synthesis cause carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type II, an autosomal recessive disease with defective brain development. (1996)

Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome (CDGS) type II is a multisystemic congenital disease with severe involvement of the nervous system. Two unrelated CDGS type II patients are shown to have point mutations (one patient having Ser-->Phe and the other having His-->Arg) in the catalytic domain of the gene MGAT2, encoding UDP-GlcNAc:alpha-6-D-mannoside beta-1,2-N- acetylglucosaminyltransferase II (GnT II), an enzyme essential for biosynthesis of complex Asn-linked glycans. Both mutations caused both decreased expression of enzyme protein in a baculovirus/insect cell system and inactivation of enzyme activity. Restriction-endonuclease analysis of DNA from 23 blood relatives of one of these patients showed that 13 donors were heterozygotes; the other relatives and 21 unrelated donors were normal homozygotes. All heterozygotes showed a significant reduction (33%-68%) in mononuclear-cell GnT II activity. The data indicate that CDGS type II is an autosomal recessive disease and that complex Asn-linked glycans are essential for normal neurological development.
Angular displacement transducer for use in a torsion pendulum (1975)

A simple electro-optical angular displacement transducer for use in a torsion pendulum is described. It uses the changing light intensity transmitted through two polarizers, which are rotating against each other as the sample undergoes damped sinusoidal oscillations, to produce a voltage output linear in angular displacement over a range of 10 °.
Chainsaw (2016)

We tackle the problem of automated exploit generation for web applications. In this regard, we present an approach that significantly improves the state-of-art in web injection vulnerability identification and exploit generation. Our approach for exploit generation tackles various challenges associated with typical web application characteristics: their multi-module nature, interposed user input, and multi-tier architectures using a database backend. Our approach develops precise models of application workflows, database schemas, and native functions to achieve high quality exploit generation. We implemented our approach in a tool called Chainsaw. Chainsaw was used to analyze 9 open source applications and generated over 199 first- and second-order injection exploits combined, significantly outperforming several related approaches.
[Changes in gene expression in terminal myocardial failure]. (1992)

End-stage human heart failure is the common final manifestation of a group of heterogeneous diseases, and it is usually accompanied by myocardial hypertrophy. Studies on animal models have shown that myocardial hypertrophy is an adaptational process accompanied by characteristic changes in the expression of cardiac genes: reinduction of fetal isoforms of the myofilaments actin and myosin, downregulation of SR Ca(2+)-ATPase and phospholamban, downregulation of beta-adrenoceptors and increased expression of inhibitory G proteins (Gi). These alterations lead to reduced shortening velocity, slowed relaxation, and to desensitization of adenylyl cyclase, thereby probably increasing myocardial economy and lowering energy demand. Gene expression in human end-stage heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy exhibits some clear differences, but also significant parallels to gene expression in experimental hypertrophy: there is no isoform shift because fetal isoforms of the myofilaments are already predominant in the adult ventricle. However, like in animal models expression of SR Ca(2+)-ATPase and phospholamban is decreased, correlating with slowed relaxation of the diseased myocardium, beta-adrenoceptors are downregulated, and the expression of Gi is increased, leading to desensitization of the adenylyl cyclase pathway. These results suggest that alterations of gene expression in human end-stage myocardial failure, known so far, are secondary to chronic overload and are not a primary cause in the pathogenetic process. They are probably initially favorable adaptive processes to chronic overload, but finally cause a further deterioration of contractile performance of the myocardium.