gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of mosquito wing beat sound (1996)

Male mosquitos locate their appropriate mating partners by the detection of species-specific wing beat sounds emitted by their females in flight. The wing beat sounds of five military-relevant infectious disease-vector mosquito species—A. freeborni, A. stephensi, A. albimanus, A. gambi, and Ae. aegypti—were recorded and analyzed for amplitude and spectral variation during flight. The post-processing of the recordings resulted in audio files of approximately 1 s of flight suitable for reproduction using a sampling synthesizer and, additionally, matrices of amplitude and frequency data versus time for the fundamental and any useful higher-order harmonics. The accurate cataloging of these unique wing beat sounds can be used effectively in the design of improved sound traps and automatic electronic species identification devices. [Work supported by a Walter Reed Army Institute of Research ILIR award.]
Photovoltaic Capacity Additions: The Optimal Rate of Deployment with Sensitivity to Time-Based GHG Emissions (2013)

Environmental impact assessments of photovoltaic (PV) deployments are based on the assumption that the environmental benefits can be allocated at the time of installation. However, benefits do not accrue immediately after installation but accrue over the entire life cycle of the PV module. There is an inter-temporal trade-off which depends on the magnitude of upfront PV manufacturing GHG emissions and the year-on-year GHGs avoided when PV electricity displaces electricity generated from fossil fuels. Moreover, environmental impact assessments of PV systems precludes temporally sensitive technology factors which impact the environmental benefits allocated to a PV depending on the year of installation. These factors include: the varying rates of technology improvements for different PV technologies, electricity mixes of the deployment location and location where PV systems are manufactured. By not incorporating inter-temporal trade-off analysis and temporally sensitive technology factors that influence net environmental impacts of PV deployments, PV capacity additions can inadvertently become counter-productive by increasing net GHG emissions over the short term.<br>This project designs and implements an optimization model to minimize the short term environmental impacts of PV system deployments by incorporating the inter-temporal trade-offs involved. When integrated with PV LCAs this model can help policy makers to minimize short term impacts along with fulfilling long term renewable energy policy goals. The results show that the optimal PV deployment strategy for the three states - California, Wyoming and Arizona - varies depending on the electricity mixes of these states. The optimal PV deployment strategy is sensitive to the state of technology and the choice of PV technology to fulfill the targets. Also, adopting an sub-optimal PV deployment strategy to meet California's PV policy targets by<br>importing Silicon PV modules from China will increase the CO2 emissions over the short term.
Hypoallergenic Variants of the <i>Parietaria judaica</i> Major Allergen Par j 1: A Member of the Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Protein Plant Family (2001)

Recombinant hypoallergenic variants of the rPar j 1 allergen described herein may represent a useful tool for improved immunotherapy.
Analysis of soliton in-line regeneration through two-wavelengthnonlinear loop mirror as synchronousamplitude/phase modulator (1995)

Two-wavelength nonlinear loop mirrors are proposed as all-optically-controlled amplitude/phase modulators for in-line synchronous regeneration in transoceanic soliton systems. Simulations show improvement of transmission compared to systems regenerated with pure intensity modulators. This is explained by efficient reduction of soliton interactions.
A Taxonomy of Consumer Purchase Strategies in a Promotion Intensive Environment (1991)

This paper proposes a taxonomy of consumer purchase strategies based on household decisions about which brand to purchase, how much, and when to purchase in a promotion intensive environment. We infer decision rules at the household level from supermarket scanner panel data and then cluster the inferred choice routes in order to discover the major purchasing strategies used in our population of interest. Subsequently, we test for the distribution of these purchase strategies in our customer population. Results add to our knowledge of consumer behavior in response to promotions.
Processive proofreading by the adenovirus DNA polymerase. Association with the priming protein reduces exonucleolytic degradation (1997)

By using a baculovirus expression system, the adenovirus (Ad) DNA polymerase was purified to homogeneity and shown to display a 3'-->5'exonuclease activity which is coupled to the polymerase activity. On a partial duplex structure the exonuclease activity had a marked preference for excision of a mismatched versus a matched 3'-terminus, which enables the Ad DNA polymerase to act as a proofreading enzyme. On single-stranded DNA the exonuclease action is distributive, but during replication removal of mismatched nucleotides and the switch to synthesis occurs without dissociation of the polymerase from the template. When the Ad DNA polymerase is bound to the precursor terminal protein, the rate of exonucleolysis was four times slower. Moreover, degradation could not proceed as far as with the free Ad polymerase, indicating also a qualitative difference. These results suggest a reduced proofreading capacity of the precursor terminal protein-polymerase complex, which might affect the initial stages of DNA replication.
Ground test program for new Atlas payload fairings (1990)

To establish the competitiveness of the revitalized family of Atlas launch vehicles (I, II, IIA, and IIAS) a new series of payload fairings, an 11-foot and a 14-foot diameter version, were designed to accommodate the widest possible variety of satellites. Because these aluminum fairings are new designs, the plant at which they are produced is new, and launch customers are very anxious to fly their payloads, an ambitious and efficient test program is essential. Five major tests have been planned for completion within the span of one calendar year. One of these has been completed, with every indication that it was a success, one is currently under way, and two more are scheduled to start in the month of April. Through effective use of test assets, facilities, and personnel, all testing will be completed, allowing the fairing design to be completely characterized and then qualified through analysis prior to first launch of each of the fairings.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiphene) (PEDOT)-Modified Anodes: Reduced Methanol Crossover in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (2010)

A new method to reduce methanol crossover in fuel cells is presented. This approach relies on coating an anode gas diffusion layer with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), which is achieved by an electropolymerization method. Methanol permeability through commercially available gas diffusion layers was reduced from 4.5 × 10−5 to as low as 1.8 × 10−6 cm2 s−1. The use of the polymer increased the specific resistance from 0.07 to as high as 2.5 Ω cm2. Fuel cell testing demonstrated a positive shift in cell voltage of about 70 mV in the low current density region of the polarization curves.
Carbohydrate‐Deficient Transferrin and Gamma‐Glutamyl Transferase Levels during Disulfiram Therapy (1996)

Serum samples for quantification of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were collected from alcohol-dependent men and women upon admission to the hospital for detoxification, and repeatedly over a 3- to 5-week period of supervised disulfiram administration as outpatients. On admission, 10 of 12 patients showed CDT concentrations above the conventional cutoff limits, whereas 6 had elevated GGT values. Normalization usually occurred within 1 to 3 weeks of disulfiram treatment, after which CDT and GGT leveled out at a relatively stable individual baseline level. However, in those patients with the highest values on admission, the decline continued during the entire observation period. The time for normalization of GGT was typically longer than for CDT. In four male patients who had taken disulfiram regularly (400-800 mg every second or third day) for at least 3 months before entering the study, the CDT and GGT concentrations were stable over time and all fell within normal limits. The present results indicate that disulfiram treatment does not influence the serum level of CDT. It is also suggested that consecutive CDT and GGT measurements during outpatient treatment with disulfiram after detoxification can be used to identify the individual baseline (i.e., abstinence) values for CDT and GGT, and, furthermore, for monitoring treatment outcome.
Dipole moments of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>,</mml:mo></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>,</mml:mo></mml:math>and HD molecules in Czochralski silicon (1999)

Measurements show that the effective charge $\ensuremath{\eta}({\ensuremath{\nu}}_{3\mathrm{D}\mathrm{D}})$ (dipole moment per unit displacement) of the infrared (IR) active stretch mode of isolated interstitial ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ molecules is smaller than $\ensuremath{\eta}({\ensuremath{\nu}}_{3\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}})$ for ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ molecules in Si crystals. This may relate to differences in the orientations of the molecular axes that are not in general parallel to the direction of the dipole moments. For molecules paired with an interstitial oxygen atom in Czochralski Si, i.e., $({\mathrm{D}}_{2}({\mathrm{H}}_{2})\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{O}}_{i})$ (two configurations of each), the effective charges $\ensuremath{\eta}({\ensuremath{\nu}}_{1\mathrm{D}\mathrm{D}})$ and $\ensuremath{\eta}({\ensuremath{\nu}}_{2\mathrm{D}\mathrm{D}})$ are essentially equal to $\ensuremath{\eta}({\ensuremath{\nu}}_{1\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}})$ and $\ensuremath{\eta}({\ensuremath{\nu}}_{2\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}}),$ respectively. No information has been obtained for the effective charges of the three ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\mathrm{HD}}$ modes. For samples heated in a mixture of $[{\mathrm{H}}_{2}]=[{\mathrm{D}}_{2}],$ the ratios of the concentrations of $[{\mathrm{H}}_{2}]:[\mathrm{HD}]:[{\mathrm{D}}_{2}]$ are expected to be 1:2:1 but the derived concentrations of [HD] are always too small, although $[{\mathrm{H}}_{2}]$ is essentially equal to $[{\mathrm{D}}_{2}].$ Measurements show that the solubilities of hydrogen and deuterium at 1300 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C are equal and both vary as ${p}^{0.56},$ where p is the partial pressure of the gas that is mixed with argon. It is inferred either (a) that the dipole moments of HD molecules in the three locations are all anomalously small or (b) that the concentrations of [HD] are significantly smaller than expected from random pairing of H and D atoms during cooling following the heat treatment. A proposal that \ensuremath{\sim}70% of the hydrogen and deuterium is introduced into the Si in the form of correlated H-H and D-D pairs at 1300 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C removes the discrepancy (b) but is unlikely as there is then conflict with the measured pressure dependencies of the hydrogen and deuterium solubilities.
Contactless power supply for magnetically levitated elevator systems (2012)

Magnetically levitated vehicles need a contactless energy transmission system to supply on-board components without physical contact to a guiding rail. In contrast to stand-alone contactless power supply (CPS) systems this paper introduces a combined CPS and electromagnetic guiding system (MGS). The inductive energy transmission is realized by utilizing the magnetic circuit of an actuator of the linear guiding. With this approach two devices are combined into one entity. The hybrid actuator consists of an omega shape iron yoke with permanent magnets and coils on its lateral arms. A concentrated primary winding is added to the guide rail and a coil wound around the central arm of the omega actuator functions as secondary winding. Hereby a superposition of the MGS flux and the CPS flux emerges in the magnetic circuit of the actuator and the transmission path is established. The proposed system requires less construction space and weight compared to existing energy transmission systems.
Hybrid propulsion using electrostatic forces for spacecraft swarms (2007)

In high Earth orbits, spacecraft surface charging due to ambient plasma and the photoelectric effect can produce disruptive electrostatic forces to the order of 10-1000 micro-Newtons between close-flying spacecraft flying with separation distances up to 100 meters. Rather than fighting them, these forces could be utilized to propel spacecraft to form a swarm. In this paper, a novel hybrid propulsion system for spacecraft swarms in geostationary or other high Earth orbits is investigated using Coulomb forces and standard electric thrusters. This novel hybrid approach can provide fuel-efficient propulsion over a range of separation distances, reduce spacecraft mass and eliminate differential perturbations found in Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO). Moreover, the application of artificial potential-field method for path planning combined with sliding mode control, for spacecraft swarm aggregation is demonstrated. The performance of the proposed hybrid propulsion system is illustrated using an example of thirty spacecraft in aggregation.
Quantum accuracy threshold for concatenated distance-3 codes (2005)

We prove a new version of the quantum threshold theorem that applies to concatenation of a quantum code that corrects only one error, and we use this theorem to derive a rigorous lower bound on the quantum accuracy threshold epsilon_0. Our proof also applies to concatenation of higher-distance codes, and to noise models that allow faults to be correlated in space and in time. The proof uses new criteria for assessing the accuracy of fault-tolerant circuits, which are particularly conducive to the inductive analysis of recursive simulations. Our lower bound on the threshold, epsilon_0 > 2.73 \times 10^{-5} for an adversarial independent stochastic noise model, is derived from a computer-assisted combinatorial analysis; it is the best lower bound that has been rigorously proven so far.
Algorithm of Image Stitching Based on SIFT Feature Matching (2009)

A fast and accurate image stitching algorithm based on SIFT feature matching is proposed.SIFT feature matching algorithm is hot and difficult in the field of matching feature points research at home and abroad.Its match ability is strong,and can be dealt with translation,rotation,affine transformation circumstances matching problem between the two images.To some extent,images also have a more stable feature matching capacity even in the perspective of arbitrary capture.In this paper,a new image stitching algorithm is proposed on the basis of this match thinking and multi-resolution spline.It uses multi-resolution spline to determine the width and splicing regional weighting function,so that images are blended at different resolutions,thus the blended-image is clear and smooth seamless.Algorithm in most cases can be automatically completed,the experimental results show that it improves the stitching speed and reduces the difference of image brightness.It makes the blended-image natural and realistic.
Tilejunction: Mitigating Signal Noise for Fingerprint-Based Indoor Localization (2015)

In indoor localization based on Wi-Fi fingerprinting, a target sends its received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of access points (APs) to a server to estimate its position. Traditionally, the server estimates the target position by matching the RSSI with the fingerprints stored in the database. Due to signal noise in fingerprint collection and target measurement, this often results in a geographically disperse set of reference points (RPs), leading to unsatisfactory estimation accuracy. To mitigate the noise problem, we propose a novel, efficient, and highly accurate localization scheme termed Tilejunction. Based on only the first two moments of the measured signal, Tilejunction maps the target RSSI of each AP to a convex hull termed signal “tile” where the target is likely within. Using a novel comparison metric for random signals, we formulate a linear programming (LP) problem to localize the target at the junction of the tiles. To further improve its computational efficiency, Tilejunction employs an information-theoretic measure to keep only those APs whose signals show sufficient differentiation in the site. It also partitions the site into multiple clusters to substantially reduce the search space in the LP optimization. We have implemented Tilejunction. Our extensive simulation and experimental measurements show that it outperforms other recent state-of-the-art approaches (e.g. RADAR, KL-divergence, etc.) with significantly lower localization error (often by more than 30 percent).
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Induces Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells via Toll-like Receptors 2 and 4 (2011)

Vascular calcification is a common complication in atherosclerosis. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) plays an important role in atherosclerotic vascular calcification. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on BMP-2 protein expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells (CAECs), the roles of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 in oxLDL-induced BMP-2 expression, and the signaling pathways involved. Human CAECs were stimulated with oxLDL. The roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in oxLDL-induced BMP-2 expression were determined by pretreatment with neutralizing antibody, siRNA, and overexpression. Stimulation with oxLDL increased cellular BMP-2 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner (40-160 μg/ml). Pretreatment with neutralizing antibodies against TLR2 and TLR4 or silencing of these two receptors reduced oxLDL-induced BMP-2 expression. Overexpression of TLR2 and TLR4 enhanced the cellular BMP-2 response to oxLDL. Furthermore, oxLDL was co-localized with TLR2 and TLR4. BMP-2 expression was associated with activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. Inhibition of NF-κB and ERK1/2 reduced BMP-2 expression whereas inhibition of p38 MAPK had no effect. In conclusion, oxLDL induces BMP-2 expression through TLR2 and TLR4 in human CAECs. The NF-κB and ERK1/2 pathways are involved in the signaling mechanism. These findings underscore an important role for TLR2 and TLR4 in mediating the BMP-2 response to oxLDL in human CAECs and indicate that these two immunoreceptors contribute to the mechanisms underlying atherosclerotic vascular calcification.
802.11 Fingerprinting to Detect Wireless Stealth Attacks (2022)

We propose a simple, passive and deployable approach for fingerprinting traffic on the wired side as a solution for three critical stealth attacks in wireless networks. We focus on extracting traces of the 802.11 medium access control (MAC) protocol from the temporal arrival patterns of incoming traffic streams as seen on the wired side, to identify attacker behavior. Attacks addressed include unauthorized access points, selfish behavior at the MAC layer and MAC layer covert timing channels. We employ the Bayesian binning technique as a means of classifying between delay distributions. The scheme requires no change to the 802.11 nodes or protocol, exhibits minimal computational overhead and offers a single point of discovery. We evaluate our model using experiments and simulations.
Cell responses to biomaterials I: Adhesion and growth of vascular endothelial cells on poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) following surface modification by hydrolytic etching (1987)

Hydrogels of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (polyHEMA) homopolymer do not normally support the attachment and growth of mammalian cells. By altering the surface it has been possible to dramatically change this cell-substratum interaction so that vascular endothelial cells can attach and completely populate a polyHEMA surface. While this can be achieved by copolymerisation of polyHEMA with methacrylic acid or diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, it is most conveniently achieved by brief treatment of polyHEMA hydrogel with concentrated sulphuric acid. The resultant creation of surface-COOH groups, revealed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, is consistent with the hydrolytic formation of methacrylic acid on the surface layer. Surface--COOH groups created by treatment with chloric or hydrofluoric acids were not effective. Following sulfuric acid treatment, cell adhesion and growth on polyHEMA hydrogel were better than on Teflon and approached those attained on glow-discharge-treated polystyrene. The capacity of acid-treated polyHEMA to adsorb albumin or fibronectin was of the order of 100-fold or 10-fold lower respectively than either polystyrene, Teflon, or segmented polyurethane. Hydrolytic "etching" in this way is proposed as an efficient means of expanding the use of polyHEMA hydrogel as a biomaterial without modifying the overall physicochemical properties of the bulk of the material.
Gastric electrical stimulation for intractable vomiting in patients with chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (2006)

Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) is effective for medically refractory nausea and vomiting in patients with idiopathic or diabetic gastroparesis (DGP). We studied whether GES has similar effects in chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIP). Patients referred for chronic small bowel (SB) motor dysfunction requiring parenteral nutrition and having a weekly vomiting frequency (WVF) >/=7 refractory to prokinetics and antiemetics were included. Patients were implanted for high-frequency GES 12 stimuli min(-1), laparoscopy being the first-line implantation procedure. Results were compared with those obtained in 11 DGP patients. Three patients with familial CIP and one patient with postsurgical CIP fulfilled the criteria. Gastric emptying was delayed in two and was normal in two patients. SB transit time was markedly delayed. Laparoscopy was used in three patients, one patient required laparotomy. During GES, WVF decreased from 24 (mean) before GES to 6.9 at 12 months and 7.5 at last visit. Vomiting reduction was 50-90% at last visit. For the DGP patients, WVF decreased from 23 before GES to 3.5 at 12 months and 3.5 (P < 0.01) at last visit. In patients with CIP and medically refractory vomiting, GES seems to have an anti-vomiting effect comparable to that seen in patients with severe DGP. GES should be considered as a therapeutic option for these patients.
JOINING THE GAME: LIVING AND LEARNING AS AN ACTION RESEARCHER (2016)

This study reports on graduate students’ thoughts and beliefs about utilizing action research as a means of professional development two years after their graduation from a Master of Arts program in Education. Because many school districts now encourage teachers to engage in self-study and to collect data that informs their instruction, the author sought to broaden graduate students’ view of action research as a tool that can enhance several areas of practice. The article discusses feedback from students who learned the benefits of action research in their program of study, and their beliefs about the use of action research to (a) model a commitment to learning for continuous professional growth, (b) set into motion a plan for professional development, (c) create new options or solve problems, and (d) act as a path for leadership opportunities in their buildings or districts. Students generally reported the benefits of utilizing action research as a tool for continuous professional development.