gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoluminescent copolymer‐pendant Ru(BPY)<sub>3</sub>2+ grafted onto non‐woven silk fabric and its application to oxygen sensor (1992)

Abstract Copolymer‐pendant Ru(bpy) 3 2+ grafted onto silk fibroin was prepared by at first grafting copoly(4‐methyl‐4′‐vinyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine ‐ methylmethacrylate) onto non‐woven silk fabric, and then by reacting the grafted sample with cis‐Ru(bpy) 2 Cl 2 . Photoluminescence of this silk‐poly Ru complex and its quenching by oxygen were studied in gas, methanol and water phases. The relative emission intensity and the emission lifetime of the silk‐poly Ru showed that there are two kinds of sites for the Ru complex. The major, longer lifetime component (1070 ns, 77.1%, under Ar gas) is considered to be surrounded by polymer matrices, and the minor, shorter one (288 ns, 22.9%) seems to be exposed and is subjected to concentration quenching. The shorter lifetime species are quenched by oxygen more effectively than the longer ones. The mechanism of the quenching by oxygen and its application to oxygen sensor were discussed.
Spectral Delay Filters (2009)

The implementation of spectral delay using filters comprising a cascade of many low-order all-pass filters and an equalizing filter is discussed. The spectral delay filters have chirplike impulse responses causing a large, frequency-dependent delay that is useful in audio effects processing. An equalizing filter design and a multirate technique that stretches the impulse response of all-pass filters are introduced.
The Protective Value of Lead and Lead‐Tin Deposits on Steel (1946)

This paper deals for the most part with the corrosion protective value of lead and lead‐tin deposits on steel. Comparisons between different methods of testing are shown. The effect of thickness of deposit and the concentration and nature of the addition agent in the plating bath have been investigated. Throwing power of the baths and the effect of the metal undercoat on corrosion resistance are discussed.
Evolution of the defect structure in helium implanted SiGe∕Si heterostructures investigated by <i>in situ</i> annealing in a transmission electron microscope (2005)

The evolution of the He-implantation induced defect structure in SiGe∕Si heterostructures is observed during in situ annealing at 650 and 800°C within a transmission electron microscope. The He implantation and annealing results in the formation of He precipitates below the SiGe∕Si interface, which at first show a platelike shape and subsequently decay into spherical bubbles. The coarsening mechanism of the He bubbles is revealed as coalescence via movement of entire bubbles. The nucleation of dislocation loops at overpressurized He platelets and their propagation into the heterostructure could be observed as well. We found distinctly different velocities of the dislocations which we attribute to glide and climb processes. The in situ experiments clearly show that the He platelets act as internal dislocation sources and play a key role in the relaxation of SiGe layers.
Virulence-related genes in ColV plasmids of Escherichia coli isolated from human blood and intestines (1990)

DNA probes for the colicin V, traT, iss, and iu genes were used in this study of four representative ColV plasmids together with 200 Escherichia coli strains isolated from the stools of patients with diarrhea and 146 E. coli strains isolated from the blood of patients with bacteremia. The study indicated that the ColV plasmids are heterogeneous. Southern and colony hybridization analyses showed that in most of the colicin V-producing intestinal E. coli strains, the colicin V genes are located in the chromosome (14 of 16); in most of the colicin V-producing E. coli strains isolated from the blood, they are located in plasmids (18 of 22). In both intestinal and blood E. coli isolates, the traT, iss, and aerobactin receptor genes were present at similar frequencies, but the frequency of the aerobactin synthesis genes was significantly different. The aerobactin receptor gene was present in 25% of the intestinal E. coli strains that lack the aerobactin synthesis gene. In the blood isolates, the aerobactin synthesis and receptor genes were present at almost equal frequencies. Among the colicin V-producing isolates, the iss, traT, and iu genes were present in 95.5, 86.4, and 90.9% of the blood isolates and in only 68.8, 43.8, and 81.3% of the intestinal isolates, respectively. The ColV plasmids from blood isolates that were tested for the presence of traT, iss, and iu genes were homogeneous and had DNA sequences that hybridized with each of the probes. On the other hand, the two intestinal strains containing ColV genes in a plasmid were heterogeneous in regard to the carriage of these genes. The presence of ColV is not restricted to specific O types.
Analysis of Innovation Model of Logistic Financial Business Based on Game Theory (2015)

With the development of modern logistics, logistics and financial services have a huge space for development and market potential, it can be further benefit financial institutions, logistic companies, finance companies tripartite. Therefore, how to innovate logistic finance business model is the key question facing the front of the logistic enterprises and financial institutions. Using game theory to analyze the financial institutions for Small and medium enterprises in logistic finance game there are four combinations of the different stages of the existence of different characteristics, a combination of the chosen are not the same.
The <i>Arabidopsis JAGGED</i> gene encodes a zinc finger protein that promotes leaf tissue development (2004)

Important goals in understanding leaf development are to identify genes involved in pattern specification, and also genes that translate this information into cell types and tissue structure. Loss-of-function mutations at the JAGGED (JAG) locus result in Arabidopsisplants with abnormally shaped lateral organs including serrated leaves, narrow floral organs, and petals that contain fewer but more elongate cells. jag mutations also suppress bract formation in leafy,apetala1 and apetala2 mutant backgrounds. The JAG gene was identified by map-based cloning to be a member of the zinc finger family of plant transcription factors and encodes a protein similar in structure to SUPERMAN with a single C2H2-type zinc finger, a proline-rich motif and a short leucine-rich repressor motif. JAG mRNA is localized to lateral organ primordia throughout the plant but is not found in the shoot apical meristem. Misexpression of JAG results in leaf fusion and the development of ectopic leaf-like outgrowth from both vegetative and floral tissues. Thus, JAG is necessary for proper lateral organ shape and is sufficient to induce the proliferation of lateral organ tissue.
Beyond Physical Connections: Tree Models in Human Pose Estimation (2013)

Simple tree models for articulated objects prevails in the last decade. However, it is also believed that these simple tree models are not capable of capturing large variations in many scenarios, such as human pose estimation. This paper attempts to address three questions: 1) are simple tree models sufficient? more specifically, 2) how to use tree models effectively in human pose estimation? and 3) how shall we use combined parts together with single parts efficiently? Assuming we have a set of single parts and combined parts, and the goal is to estimate a joint distribution of their locations. We surprisingly find that no latent variables are introduced in the Leeds Sport Dataset (LSP) during learning latent trees for deformable model, which aims at approximating the joint distributions of body part locations using minimal tree structure. This suggests one can straightforwardly use a mixed representation of single and combined parts to approximate their joint distribution in a simple tree model. As such, one only needs to build Visual Categories of the combined parts, and then perform inference on the learned latent tree. Our method outperformed the state of the art on the LSP, both in the scenarios when the training images are from the same dataset and from the PARSE dataset. Experiments on animal images from the VOC challenge further support our findings.
A Contact-Resistive Random-Access-Memory-Based True Random Number Generator (2012)

A new type of true random number generator, based on the random telegraph noise of a contact-resistive random access memory device, is proposed in this letter. The random-number generator consists of only a simple bias circuit plus a comparator, leading to small circuit area and low power consumption. By realizing this generator by the 65-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor logic process, the occupied area can be as low as 45 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , demonstrating substantial saving in the circuit area.
Contrasts in Cellulolytic Activities of Gut Microorganisms Between the Wood Borer,<i>Saperda vestita</i>(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), and the Bark Beetles,<i>Ips pini</i>and<i>Dendroctonus frontalis</i>(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (2005)

Abstract The goal of this study was to characterize the cellulose-degrading microorganisms in the guts of wood-inhabiting beetles. We enriched for cellulose-degrading microorganisms by inoculating filter paper in liquid growth medium with macerated guts from larvae and adults of the wood-boring longhorned beetle, Saperda vestita, and the phloeophagous bark beetles, Ips pini and Dendroctonus frontalis. After incubation, microorganisms were isolated in pure culture and tested for their ability to digest carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). Isolates were identified based on their ribosomal RNA gene or intergenic region sequences. Bacteria and fungi from the gut of S. vestita degraded filter paper, whereas the microorganisms from the phloeophagous insects did not. The only bacterium detected that was able to degrade CMC is closely related to Sphingobium yanoikuyae, a member of the α-Proteobacteria class. We found this species in all field-collected S. vestita larvae in 2002 and 2003. Population densities of cellulolytic bacteria in S. vestita ranged from 2.4 × 105 to 3.6 × 106 CFU/gut. Bacteria isolated from the phloeophagous beetles I. pini and D. frontalis did not degrade CMC. Two fungi isolated from the gut of S. vestita adults had strong degradative activity. Sequences of the ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 rRNA regions indicated that these fungi are highly similar to Fusarium culmorum and Penicillium crustosum, respectively. This study provides the first description of the gut microbial community of S. vestita and the first documentation of association between cellulolytic microorganisms and a wood-boring beetle.
ChemInform Abstract: New Reaction Mode of the Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons Reaction Using Sn( OSO2CF3)2 and N‐Ethylpiperidine. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Invasive Phenotype of<i>Candida albicans</i>Affects the Host Proinflammatory Response to Infection (2005)

Candida albicans is a major opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. Production of proinflammatory cytokines by host cells in response to C. albicans plays a critical role in the activation of immune cells and final clearance of the organism. Invasion of host cells and tissues is considered one of the virulence attributes of this organism. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the ability of C. albicans to invade host cells and tissues affects the proinflammatory cytokine responses by epithelial and endothelial cells. In this study we used the invasion-deficient RIM101 gene knockout strain DAY25, the highly invasive strain SC5314, and highly invasive RIM101-complemented strain DAY44 to compare the proinflammatory cytokine responses by oral epithelial or endothelial cells. Using a high-throughput approach, we found both qualitative and quantitative differences in the overall inflammatory responses to C. albicans strains with different invasive potentials. Overall, the highly invasive strains triggered higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines in host cells than the invasion-deficient mutant triggered. Significant differences compared to the attenuated mutant were noted in interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in epithelial cells and in IL-6, growth-related oncogene, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), MCP-2, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in endothelial cells. Our results indicate that invasion of host cells and tissues by C. albicans enhances the host proinflammatory response to infection.
Detection of H-ras Gene Point Mutations in Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Human Urinary Bladder Using Polymerase Chain Reaction. (1992)

It has been reported that the H-ras gene is activated as oncogene in human bladder cancer cases, and that codon 12 and codon 61 are the major "hot spots" of its activation. A simple method to detect point mutations in these codons of H-ras gene was established for the use of clinical diagnosis. In this method, the DNA segments including codon 12 or codon 61 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the reaction products were examined for their susceptibility to the restriction enzyme NaeI or BstNI, and by dot blot hybridization assay with oligonucleotide probes. Point mutations were detectable in small amounts of DNAs isolated from fresh or frozen tumor tissues, urine cells and paraffin sections. The method was applied for a clinical sample and a case that had a point mutation at codon 12 of H-ras gene was detected. The point mutation was existed in DNAs of primary tumor tissue, all recurrent tumor tissues and cells isolated from urine of this case.
On the development and testing of a guided ultrasonic wave array for structural integrity monitoring (2006)

The prototype of a guided ultrasonic wave array for the structural integrity monitoring of large, plate-like structures has been designed, built, and tested. The development of suitably small transducers for the excitation and measurement of the first antisymmetric Lamb wave mode Ao is described. The array design consists of a ring of 32 transducers, permanently bonded to the structure with a protective membrane, in a compact housing with the necessary multiplexing electronics. Using a phased addition algorithm with dispersion compensation and deconvolution in the wavenumber domain, a good dynamic range can be achieved with a limited number of transducers. Limitations in the transducer design and manufacture restricted the overall dynamic range achieved to 27 dB. Laboratory measurements for a steel plate containing various defects have been performed. The results for standard defects are compared to theoretical predictions and the sensitivity of the array device for defect detection has been established. Simulated corrosion pitting and a defect cut with an angle grinder simulating general corrosion were detected.
Aryl Polyphosphonates: Useful Halogen-Free Flame Retardants for Polymers (2010)

Aryl polyphosphonates (ArPPN) have been demonstrated to function in wide applications as flame retardants for different polymer materials, including thermosets, polycarbonate, polyesters and polyamides, particularly due to their satisfactory thermal stability compared to aliphatic flame retardants, and to their desirable flow behavior observed during the processing of polymeric materials. This paper provides a brief overview of the main developments in ArPPN and their derivatives for flame-retarding polymeric materials, primarily based on the authors' research work and the literature published over the last two decades. The synthetic chemistry of these compounds is discussed along with their thermal stabilities and flame-retardant properties. The possible mechanisms of ArPPN and their derivatives containing hetero elements, which exhibit a synergistic effect with phosphorus, are also discussed.
Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis of Rats Fed Fish Oil: Reduced Coagulation Factors Especially Involved in Intrinsic Pathway and Increased Activity of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (2003)

Differences in the coagulation and fibrinolytic system of rats fed a fish oil based diet (fish oil diet) and fed a soybean oil based diet (control diet) were determined. Concentrations of plasma lipids were depressed in rats fed the fish oil diet. Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of rats fed the fish oil diet were longer than for the rats fed the control diet. Fish oil intake lowered the activities of most of the blood coagulation factors, and strongly depressed the factors involved in the intrinsic pathway. Fish oil also affected the fibrinolysis of rats. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity was elevated in rats fed the fish oil diet. In this study, both blood coagulation and fibrinolysis were down-regulated by feeding the fish oil diet.
Non-Equilibrium Plasma Processing for the Preparation of Antibacterial Surfaces (2016)

Non-equilibrium plasmas offer several strategies for developing antibacterial surfaces that are able to repel and/or to kill bacteria. Due to the variety of devices, implants, and materials in general, as well as of bacteria and applications, plasma assisted antibacterial strategies need to be tailored to each specific surface. Nano-composite coatings containing inorganic (metals and metal oxides) or organic (drugs and biomolecules) compounds can be deposited in one step, and used as drug delivery systems. On the other hand, functional coatings can be plasma-deposited and used to bind antibacterial molecules, for synthesizing surfaces with long lasting antibacterial activity. In addition, non-fouling coatings can be produced to inhibit the adhesion of bacteria and reduce the formation of biofilm. This paper reviews plasma-based strategies aimed to reduce bacterial attachment and proliferation on biomedical materials and devices, but also onto materials used in other fields. Most of the activities described have been developed in the lab of the authors.
A formalin inactivated whole SIV<sub>mac</sub> vaccine in Ribi adjuvant protects against homologous and heterologous SIV challenge (1992)

Eight monkeys were immunized at 0, 4, 9, and 18 weeks with a total of 2 mg of formalin inactivated SIVmac vaccine with Ribi adjuvant. Two weeks after the last booster four immunized monkeys and two controls were challenged with 10 MID50 of live homologous virus SIVmac, and the remaining four vaccinated animals along with two controls were challenged with the heterologous SIVsm strain. All eight vaccinated monkeys resisted the virus challenge, whereas all controls became infected. Three months after the first challenge the monkeys were rechallenged with the same virus strain, without further boosting. Two of four vaccinated monkeys were still resistant to the homologous SIV strain, and three of four monkeys were resistant to the heterologous SIVsm strain. This study demonstrates vaccine induced cross-protection between SIV strains.
Ethane detection with mid-infrared hollow-core fiber photothermal spectroscopy (2020)

We report a compact mid-infrared (MIR) photothermal spectroscopic ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) sensor with a hollow-core negative-curvature-fiber (HC-NCF) gas cell. The HC-NCF supports low-loss transmission of an MIR pump (3.348 µm) and a near-infrared (NIR) probe (1.55 µm). The pump and probe laser beams are launched into the gas cell from the opposite ends of the HC-NCF, allowing independent MIR pump delivery and NIR fiber-optic probe circuitry. The use of Fabry-Perot as the probe interferometer simplifies the sensor design and suppresses the common-mode noise in the lead in/out single-mode fiber. With a 14-cm-long HC-NCF, an ethane sensor system with the limit of detection (LOD) of 13 parts-per-billion (ppb) is achieved with 1 s lock-in time constant. The LOD goes down to 2.6 ppb with 410 s average time, which corresponds to noise equivalent absorption (NEA) of 2.0×10<sup>-6</sup> and is a record for the hollow-core fiber MIR gas sensors. The system instability is 2.2% over a period of 8 hours.
Microbead-Induced Ocular Hypertensive Mouse Model for Screening and Testing of Aqueous Production Suppressants for Glaucoma (2012)

Microbead-induced OHT mice carry dysfunctional aqueous outflow facility and therefore offer a unique model that allows selective screening of aqueous production suppressant antiglaucoma drugs or for studying the mechanisms regulating aqueous humor production. Our data set the stage for using GCC thickness assessed by SD-OCT as an imaging biomarker for noninvasive tracking of neuronal benefits of glaucoma therapy in this model.
A Framework for Holographic Scene Representation and Image Synthesis (2007)

We present a framework for the holographic representation and display of graphics objects. As opposed to traditional graphics representations, our approach reconstructs the light wave reflected or emitted by the original object directly from the underlying digital hologram. Our novel holographic graphics pipeline consists of several stages including the digital recording of a full-parallax hologram, the reconstruction and propagation of its wavefront, and rendering of the final image onto conventional, framebuffer-based displays. The required view-dependent depth image is computed from the phase information inherently represented in the complex-valued wavefront. Our model also comprises a correct physical modeling of the camera taking into account optical elements, such as lens and aperture. It thus allows for a variety of effects including depth of field, diffraction, interference, and features built-in anti-aliasing. A central feature of our framework is its seamless integration into conventional rendering and display technology which enables us to elegantly combine traditional 3D object or scene representations with holograms. The presented work includes the theoretical foundations and allows for high quality rendering of objects consisting of large numbers of elementary waves while keeping the hologram at a reasonable size.
Chickpeas as a Protein and Energy Supplement for High Producing Dairy Cows (1988)

Thirty lactating Holstein cows were randomly assigned to one of three diets to evaluate chickpeas as dietary supplement from wk 4 to 16 postpartum. Diets contained chickpeas at 0, 50, and 100% of the concentrate DM in place of corn and soybean meal. Total mixed diets, fed individually, contained concentrate, corn silage, and alfalfa hay at 52, 32, and 16% of DM. Milk yield (34.5, 35.1, 35.7 kg/d) was higher for cows fed 100% chickpeas than 0% chickpeas. Milk medium-chain (C12 to C16) fatty acids (53.8, 48.6, 45.5 g/100 g fat), milk long-chain (C18) fatty acids (29.4, 35.0, 38.8 g/100 g fat), and milk protein (3.20, 3.09, 2.96%) differed for all three diets. Ruminal acetate: propionate (2.0, 2.0, 2.4) was highest for cows fed 100% chickpeas. Total essential amino acid concentration in blood serum (105.3, 95.9, 89.4 mumol/dl) was higher for cows fed 0% chickpeas than 100% chickpeas. Lactational responses are discussed with respect to increased intake of fat, increased degradability of dietary protein, and decreased plasma essential amino acids.