gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy efficient turbo decoding for 3G mobile (2001)

Article Share on Energy efficient turbo decoding for 3G mobile Authors: David Garrett Bell Labs Research, Lucent Technologies, Sydney, Australia Bell Labs Research, Lucent Technologies, Sydney, AustraliaView Profile , Bing Xu Bell Labs Research, Lucent Technologies, Sydney, Australia Bell Labs Research, Lucent Technologies, Sydney, AustraliaView Profile , Chris Nicol Bell Labs Research, Lucent Technologies, Sydney, Australia Bell Labs Research, Lucent Technologies, Sydney, AustraliaView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISLPED '01: Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and designAugust 2001 Pages 328–333https://doi.org/10.1145/383082.383178Online:06 August 2001Publication History 7citation611DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations7Total Downloads611Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
A new high-efficiency and super-fidelity analog audio amplifier with the aid of digital switching amplifier: class K amplifier (2002)

This paper presents an audio amplifier that simultaneously has the advantages of digital and analog amplifier. The high efficiency is achieved by the digital amplifier, which is playing a role of dependent current source. The high fidelity is guaranteed by the analog amplifier playing a role of independent voltage source. Experimental results show that the proposed amplifier has 0.005% total harmonic distortion (THD) and around 90% power efficiency at 50 W output.
Synthesis of screening substrates for the directed evolution of sialic acid aldolase: towards tailored enzymes for the preparation of influenza A sialidase inhibitor analogues (2005)

The stereoselective synthesis of two epimeric screening substrates, (4R, 5R, 6R)- and (4S, 5R, 6R)-6-dipropylcarbamoyl-2-oxo-4,5,6-trihydroxy-hexanoic acid, for the directed evolution of sialic acid aldolase is described. The complementary methods relied on stereoselective indium-mediated additions of ethyl alpha-bromomethyl acrylate to functionalised aldehydes. With an alpha-hydroxy aldehyde, (2R, 3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxo butanoic acid dipropylamide, the addition was chelation controlled, and the syn product, (6R, 5R, 4S)-6-dipropylcarbamoyl-2-methylidene-4,5,6-trihydroxy-hexanoic acid ethyl ester, was obtained. In contrast, the stereochemical outcome of the addition to (2R, 3R)-N,N-dipropyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-4-oxobutyramide was consistent with Felkin-Anh control, and the anti adduct, (4R, 5R, 6R)-6-dipropylcarbamoyl-2-methylidene-4-hydroxy-5,6-O-isopropylidene-hexanoic acid ethyl ester, was the major product. Ozonolysis and deprotection gave the screening substrates as mixtures of furanose and pyranose forms, in good yields.
Experimental study on monocrotaline induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. (1) Effect of long-term injection of immunosuppressant. (1981)

To investigate the involvement of the immune mechanism in the development of pulmonary hypertension in rats given monocrotaline, pulmonary hypertension was induced in rats and the effect of daily injection of prednisolone was studied. Fifty six Sprague-Dawley rats (4 week-old males, 50-60 g) were divided into four groups as follows: (1) injection of monocrotaline alone (A: 17 rats), (2) injection of monocrotaline + long-term injection of prednisolone (B: 22 rats), (3) long-term injection of prednisolone (C: 7 rats) and, (4) long-term injection of physiological saline solution (D: 10 rats). The survival time was prolonged, and slightly better results in the pressure of the right ventricle, hypertrophy of the right ventricle and lesions of lung tissue were obtained in B than in A. However, the rise in the RV pressure the hypertrophy of the right ventricle in B were more pronounced than in C and D, and findings in the lung tissue closely resembled those of A. Judging from the above, it is certain that long-term injections of prednisolone improve the lung tissue lesions and prolong the life of monocrotaline induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. However, it is unlikely that the immune reaction plays a leading role in the development of pulmonary hypertension in the rats.
Transscleral Ciliary Body Photodynamic Therapy Using Phthalocyanine and a Diode Laser: Functional and Morphologic Implications in Albino Rabbits (1997)

Transscleral phthalocyanine-mediated PDT with the parameters used in this experiment results in significant but temporary functional and morphologic alterations in the ciliary bodies of albino rabbits.
Differential Activation of Smads in HeLa and SiHa Cells That Differ in Their Response to Transforming Growth Factor-β (2004)

We assessed the responsiveness of six human cervical cancer cell lines to transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta with p3TP-lux reporter assay and found that HeLa and SiHa cells were highly responsive to TGF-beta. However, when pSBE4-BV/Luc reporter with four Smad binding elements was used, only the SiHa, not the HeLa, cells showed Smad activation. Smad DNA binding activity was relatively more in SiHa than in HeLa cells upon TGF-beta treatment, and the active complex contained Smad 2 and Smad 4. In 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, HeLa cells treated with 5 ng/ml of TGF-beta for 24 h showed proliferation, whereas SiHa cells showed growth inhibition under the same conditions. TGF-beta treatment resulted in G(0)/G(1) arrest with a reduction in S-phase only in SiHa cells. A chemical inhibitor of Smad activation (SB203580) blocked the growth inhibitory effect of TGF-beta in SiHa, whereas the proliferative response in HeLa was unaffected. TGF-beta-induced translocation of phospho-Smad 2 was relatively less in HeLa than in SiHa cells. MAPK activation occurred within 5 min and persisted up to 15 min upon TGF-beta treatment in HeLa but was negligible in SiHa cells. TGF-beta activated JNK in HeLa, but SiHa cells showed a down-regulation of its activity. When an inhibitor of MAPK (U0126) was used, the TGF-beta-mediated proliferative response in HeLa cells was completely abolished. SB203580 did not affect MAPK activation induced by TGF-beta in HeLa cells. We report for the first time an activation, presumably independent of Smad activation, of TGF-beta-dependent MAPK within 5 min of treatment that resulted in cell cycle progression in a cervical adenocarcinoma cell line, HeLa.
Gaussian Process Models for Robust Regression, Classification, and Reinforcement Learning (2008)

Gaussian process models constitute a class of probabilistic statistical models in which a Gaussian process (GP) is used to describe the Bayesian a priori uncertainty about a latent function. After a brief introduction of Bayesian analysis, Chapter 3 describes the general construction of GP models with the conjugate model for regression as a special case (OHagan 1978). Furthermore, it will be discussed how GP can be interpreted as priors over functions and what beliefs are implicitly represented by this. The conceptual clearness of the Bayesian approach is often in contrast with the practical difficulties that result from its analytically intractable computations. Therefore approximation techniques are of central importance for applied Bayesian analysis. Chapter 4 describes Laplace's method, the Expectation Propagation approximation, and Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling for approximate inference in GP models. The most common and successful application of GP models is in regression problems where the noise is assumed to be homoscedastic and distributed according to a normal distribution. In practical data analysis this assumption is often inappropriate and inference is sensitive to the occurrence of more extreme errors (so called outliers). Chapter 5 proposes several variants of GP models for robust regression and describes how Bayesian inference can be approximated in each. Experiments on several data sets are presented in which the proposed models are compared with respect to their predictive performance and practical applicability. Gaussian process priors can also be used to define flexible, probabilistic classification models. Again, exact Bayesian inference is analytically intractable and various approximation techniques have been proposed, but no clear picture has yet emerged, as to when and why which algorithm should be preferred. Chapter 6 presents a detailed examination of the model, focusing on the question which approximation technique is most appropriate by investigating the structure of the posterior distribution. An experimental study is presented which corroborates the theoretical insights. Reinforcement learning deals with the problem of how an agent can optimise its behaviour in a sequential decision process such that its utility over time is maximised. Chapter 7 addresses applications of GPs for model-based reinforcement learning in continuous domains. If the environment's response to the agent's actions can be predicted using GP regression models, probabilistic planning and an approximate policy iteration algorithm can be implemented. A core concept in reinforcement learning is the value function, which describes the long-term strategic value of a state. Using GP models we are able to solve an approximate continuous equivalent of the Bellman equations, and it will be shown how this can be used to estimate value functions.
Comparative Histology of Cell Walls during Meiotic and Apomeiotic Megasporogenesis in Two Hexaploid Australasian <i>Elymus</i> Species (1991)

Diplospory in Elymus rectisetus (Nees in Lehm.) Löve & Connor has been compared with megasporogenesis in the close sexual relative Elymus scabrus (R. Br.) Löve. Distinct differences in cell wall morphology were reported. The present study considered the cause of these cell wall differences by comparing cell wall behavior and composition during megasporogenesis in two E. rectisetus and two E. scabrus accessions (Australian wheatgrasses). Micropylar walls of meiotic megaspore mother cells (MMCs) during prophase and metaphase I (MI) were significantly thicker than those of apomeiotic MMCs in corresponding stages. Thickness of chalazal walls during these early stages did not differ. Micropylar, chalazal, and lateral walls of meiotic dyads and tetrads were significantly thicker than those of apomeiotic late stage MMCs, dyads, or binucleate monads. The walls of nucellar cells in E. rectisetus were generally thinner than those in E. scabrus , particularly during the latter stages of megasporogenesis. Callose, which normally envelops MMCs of angiosperms that form monosporic or bisporic female gametophytes, accumulated in and around cell walls of E. scabrus MMCs and was subsequently degraded as in other sexual species. Absence of callose in and around cell walls of MMCs of E. rectisetus appeared to be the major reason for the differences in MMC shape and cell wall thickness. In contrast, callose was detected at abnormal locations in both the nucellus and ovary wall of E. rectisetus . Meiosis with the normal accumulation of callose in and around the cell walls of the MMC and its dyad and tetrad derivatives was infrequently observed in E. rectisetus . Thus, callose accumulation appears to inherently accompany meiosis in these taxa.
Fabrication and Testing Capabilities for 18650 Li/(CFx) n Cells (2007)

Sandia National Laboratories has world-class facilities for building and testing lithium and lithium-ion batteries. In this article we describe the in-house facilities for fabricating electrodes and cells in detail. Our in-house facility includes equipment for: 1) electrode coating, 2) electrode slitting, 3) electrode winding, 4) cell grooving, 5) electrolyte filling, 6) cell crimping and more. We also have a 48-channel Maccor tester and several impedance units for electrochemical characterization. These facilities provide flexibility for cell fabrication techniques which in turn allows us to continually improve cell performance. Under an internally funded program we are developing in-house capability to fabricate and evaluate 18650 Li/(CFx) n cells using “Li-ion” electrode fabrication methodologies to prepare the thin film (CFx) n electrodes. At a C/400 discharge rate cell delivered ~3.6 Ahrs capacity. We also evaluated cathodes of two different lengths for uniformity of loading. The loading along the electrode length was found to be extremely uniform, as the delivered capacity was proportional to cathode length. For example, a 0.91 meters long x 4.2 mil thick electrode gave 3.6 Ahrs capacity while a 0.72 meters long x 4.2 mil thick electrode (19.4% less length) gave 2.9 Ahr of capacity (19.4% less capacity). We also discharged the cells with 0.71 meters long electrodes at different temperatures. The cells delivered practically the same capacity over temperatures from 25 to 72oC. At -20oC the cells delivered 81% of the room temperature capacity at a C/200 rate; however, at -40oC the cells delivered close to 47% of the room temperature capacity under similar test conditions. The performance behavior of 18650 cells will be discussed in more detail in the paper.
Chronic Intermittent Cold Stress Activates Ovarian Sympathetic Nerves and Modifies Ovarian Follicular Development in the Rat1 (2003)

We studied the effects of a chronic intermittent cold stress regime on sympathetic nerve activation and ovarian physiology. This paradigm (4 degrees C for 3 h/day, Monday-Friday, for 3 or 4 wk) does not affect basal plasma levels of corticosterone. After 3 wk of stress, we detected a decrease in noradrenaline (NA) in the ovary, but after 4 wk, this ovarian neurotransmitter concentration increased over that of unstressed control rats. To analyze whether this effect on NA is preceded by an activation of the neurotrophic factor system responsible for growth and survival of sympathetic neurons, we measured both nerve growth factor (NGF) (by enzyme immunoassay) and the intraovarian levels of its low affinity receptor mRNA (by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). The activation of sympathetic nerves was followed by an increase in NGF concentration without affecting the ovarian levels of either NGF or the mRNA of its receptor. Interestingly, follicular development changed during the stress procedure; after 3 or 4 wk of stress, we found a decrease in preantral healthy follicles without a compensatory increase in atresia. Concomitantly with the increase in NA and NGF in the ovary, we observed that a new population of follicles with hypertrophied thecal cell layers appeared after 4 wk of stress. These results suggest that chronic stress, through an intraovarian neurotrophin-mediated sympathetic activation, produces changes in follicular development that could lead to an impairment of reproductive function.
Control techniques for optical image stabilizing system (1993)

A novel optical image stabilizer was implemented on a consumer video camera. Novel feedback servo techniques were developed in order to control the nonlinear, unstable, variable fluid prism. As a result better frequency response was achieved. The system has the following features: (1) maintenance of picture resolution and (2) compensation for the fluctuation in optically zoomed pictures. When the new servo techniques are used, the prism's control is stable regardless of the prism's position and the temperature. These new techniques made it possible to develop an optical image stabilizing system whose stabilization rate is good.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Abstract 2123: ECG Markers to Predict Cardiovascular Death: Heart Rate Variability, Deceleration Capacity and Morphologic Variability in Non-ST-Elevation ACS from the MERLIN-TIMI 36 Trial (2008)

Background : ECG parameters such as heart rate variability (HRV), deceleration capacity (DC) and morphologic variability (MV) may help identify patients at high risk post-ACS. These techniques measure specific aspects of cardiac health. HRV studies sympathovagal modulation of heart rate, DC extends heart rate turbulence by measuring acceleration-deceleration patterns, and MV quantifies variability in the shape of the ECG signal associated with myocardial instability. We assessed the relationship among HRV, DC and MV, and cardiovascular (CV) death after NSTEACS. Methods : HRV, DC and MV were calculated in 2164 placebo patients in the MERLIN-TIMI 36 trial using 24 hour Holter ECG after randomization. For each measure, patients were split into high and low risk groups (cutpoints chosen from literature: HRV LF/HF=1.2 [33.5%], DC<2.5 ms [9.7%], MV LF/HF=3.7 [11.6%]). Mean clinical follow-up was 1 year. Results : Each ECG variable was associated with CV mortality when included alone in the multivariate model with the TIMI risk score (TRS) at 30 days (HR 2.8 p=0.008 for HRV, HR 4.5 p<0.001 for DC and HR 5.1 p<0.001 for MV) and at 1 year (HR 2.9 p<0.001 for HRV, HR 2.8 p<0.001 for DC and HR 2.4 p<0.001 for MV). There was a stepwise increase in the risk of CV death at 1 year according to the number of abnormal ECG parameters, even after adjusting for the TRS. Conclusions : HRV, DC and MV are significantly associated with CV death both in the short and medium term following NSTEACS. Patients with multiple ECG abnormalities are at highest risk. These ECG parameters may provide complementary information to better risk-stratify patients following ACS.
iReminder: An Intuitive Location-Based Reminder That Knows Where You Are Going (2013)

This article presents the design of iReminder, an intuitive location-based reminder that delivers reminding messages based on users' future routes. iReminder is implemented on mobile phones, and it can predict users' future routes by collecting their daily trajectory data. Then it delivers a reminding message via the mobile phone when it senses that the user is going to the task location. A field study was conducted on how iReminder extends its potential to help users perform everyday tasks and compared the method adopted by iReminder with the method used by traditional location-based reminders. The experimental results show that iReminder outperforms traditional location-based reminder because it delivers reminding messages more appropriately. A detailed discussion is also given to investigate the ideal message delivery point, and the discussion results show that a location-based reminding message is more useful and more likely to be accepted by the user if it is triggered by considering his or her future route.
Uniform commercial code in a nutshell (1984)

Scope of Article 2 Sales; The Contract for Sale; Property Incidents of the Contract for Sale; Seller's Warranty Obligations; Performance of the Contract for Sale; Remedies; Rights of Third Parties-Purchasers From and Creditors of Seller and Buyer; Bulk Sales; Sale of Investment Securities; Process of Paying for Goods with Negotiable Instruments; Negotiability Concept -- Rights of Takers of Negotiable Instruments; Liabilities of Parties: Contract, Transfer Warranty, Tort; Relationship Between Payor Bank and its Customer; Bank Collection Process; The Process of Shipping and Storing Goods Covered by Documents of Title (Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading); Obligations of Bailee-Warehouseman or Carrier; Process of Financing the Sale of Goods: Secured Transaction; Pre-Code Personal Property Security Law; UCC Article 9; Entire Commercial Transaction Made Pursuant to a Letter of Credit; Process of Leasing Goods; Scope of Article 2 Leases; Lease Contract: Property Incidents and Warranty Obligations; Effect of Lease Contract.
Scalability of partially depleted SOI technology for sub-0.25 μm logic applications (2002)

The scalability of partially depleted (PD) SOI with a floating body has been evaluated to below the sub-0.25 /spl mu/m regime using transistors, ring oscillators and 4 Mb SRAMs as test vehicles. In this paper the speed and power performance of PD-SOI are compared to those of bulk for 1.8 V/sub-0.25 /spl mu/m logic applications. In addition, the 4 Mb SOI SRAM yield issues are revealed. Using the same transistor off-state leakage current limit criterion for both bulk and SOI, we conclude that PD-SOI with a floating body will provide no speed and insignificant power advantage over bulk for sub-0.25 /spl mu/m logic applications.
Electrodeposited iridium oxide for neural stimulation and recording electrodes (2001)

Iridium oxide films formed by electrodeposition onto noniridium metal substrates are compared with activated iridium oxide films (AIROFs) as a low impedance, high charge capacity coating for neural stimulation and recording electrodes. The electrodeposited iridium oxide films (EIROFs) were deposited on Au, Pt, PtIr, and 316 LVM stainless steel substrates from a solution of IrCl4, oxalic acid, and K2CO3. A deposition protocol involving 50 potential sweeps at 50 mV/s between limits of 0.0 V and 0.55 V (versus Ag AgCl) followed by potential pulsing between the same limits produced adherent films with a charge storage capacity of >25 mC/cm2. Characterization by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy revealed no differences in the electrochemical behavior of EIROF on non-Ir substrates and AIROF. The mechanical stability of the oxides was evaluated by ultrasonication in distilled water followed by dehydration and rehydration. Stability under charge injection was evaluated using 200 micros, 5.9 A/cm2 (1.2 mC/cm2) cathodal pulses. Loss of iridium oxide charge capacity was comparable for AIROFs and the EIROFs, ranging from 1% to 8% of the capacity immediately after activation or deposition. The EIROFs were deposited and evaluated on silicon microprobe electrodes and on metallized polyimide electrodes being developed for neural recording and stimulation applications.
Synthesis of New 3-heteroaryl-2-phenylquinolines and their Pharmacological Activity as Antimicrobial Agents (2013)

Some new unfused tricyclic aromatic systems containing various heterocyclic cores were synthesized. These compounds were prepared in good yields via appropriate routes using 6-methyl-2-phenylquinoline-3-carbaldehyde as a key intermediate. The antibacterial activity of the prepared compounds was evaluated against: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Salmonella thipymurium using the disk-diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for the tested compounds. Keywords: 2-Phenylquinoline, heterocycles, crystal structure, antimicrobial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration
Contribution of the Putative Inner-Pore Region to the Gating of the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Subtype 1 Channel (TRPV1) (2007)

The transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor-1 (TRPV1) is a sensory neuron-specific nonselective cation channel that is gated in response to various noxious stimuli: pungent vanilloids, low pH, noxious heat, and depolarizing voltages. By its analogy to K+ channels, the S6 inner helix domain of TRPV1 (Y666-G683) is a prime candidate to form the most constricted region of the permeation pathway and might therefore encompass an as-yet-unmapped gate of the channel. Using alanine-scanning mutagenesis, we identified 16 of 17 residues, that when mutated affected the functionality of the TRPV1 channel with respect to at least one stimulus modality. T670A was the only substitution producing the wild-type channel phenotype, whereas Y666A and N676A were nonfunctional but present at the plasma membrane. The periodicity of the functional effects of mutations within the TRPV1 inner pore region is consistent with an alpha-helical structure in which T670 and A680 might play the roles of two bending "hinges."