gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on 3-Acylcatechols. II.<sup>1</sup> A New Synthesis of 8-Hydroxyflavone (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on 3-Acylcatechols. II.1 A New Synthesis of 8-HydroxyflavoneW. I. AWAD, M. F. EL-NEWEIHY, and S. F. SELIMCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 8, 1333–1336Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01078a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01078a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reliability analyses for new improved high performance flip chip BGA packages (2004)

High pin count and superior thermal dissipation are the main driving factors for high performance IC packages. Flip chip interconnects technology can generally achieve I/O count of more than 500, and large amounts of heat in the silicon chip can be dissipated efficiently through metal heat spreader attachment. A one-piece cavity lid flip chip BGA package with high pin count and targeted reliability has recently been developed by UTAC. However it was found that solder joint reliability could be compromised due to the rigidity resulted by the one-piece cavity lid. A new design of flip chip BGA package (patent pending) has been looked into for improved board level performance. In this new design, the flip chip is over-molded (with the die top surface exposed) before the lid is attached. With the new single flat lid mounted onto the mold compound, the package substrate is thus less rigid under thermal loading. Hence, solder joint integrity enhancement is expected. The structural differences between the two flip chip BGA designs are discussed in this paper along with detailed package reliability results.
Antiallergic Constituents from Oolong Tea Stem. (1995)

The antiallergic constituents of oolong tea stem were examined. The stem extracts inhibited the 48 h homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reactions or rats in a dose-dependent manner and showed the same extent of inhibitory activity as ketotifen. All antiallergic constituents from the stem were concentrated into chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions, when extracted by various solvents. These fractions were treated with polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP), which resulted in the elimination of antiallergic activity in the ethyl acetate fraction, suggesting that one of the antiallergic constituents may be tea catechins. Then, six kinds of catechins, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), -epicatechin (EC), (+)-catechin (C) and (-)-gallocatechin gallate (GCG), were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction, and the inhibitory activity of these catechins on histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells passively sensitized with anti-egg albumin (EA) IgE antibody was investigated. Among these catechins, significant inhibitory activity was observed in all the catechins except for EC. In addition, the inhibitory activity of GCG was greater than that of EGCG, which is well known to be an antiallergic constituent in tea. These results suggest that GCG may be a novel antiallergic constituent among tea catechins, and also the most potent.
Bit-error probability analysis of linear receivers for CDMA systems in frequency-selective fading channels (1999)

The bit-error probability of a linear receiver for code-division multiple-access communications is analyzed. The analysis is presented for the additive white Gaussian noise and fading multipath channels also with data-aided channel estimation. Two ways to approximate the averaging over the interfering data symbol combinations are considered and compared. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the analysis methods.
Xylanase IV, an Exoxylanase of Aeromonas caviae ME-1 Which Produces Xylotetraose as the Only Low-Molecular-Weight Oligosaccharide from Xylan (1995)

A novel xylanase (xylanase IV) which produces xylotetraose as the only low-molecular-weight oligosaccharide from oat spelt xylan was isolated from the culture medium of Aeromonas caviae ME-1. By sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the xylanase IV molecular weight was 41,000. Xylanase IV catalyzed the hydrolysis of oat spelt xylan, producing exclusively xylotetraose. The acid hydrolysate of the product gave d-xylose. The enzyme did not hydrolyze either p-nitrophenyl-(beta)-d-xyloside, small oligosaccharides (xylobiose and xylotetraose), or polysaccharides, such as starch, cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, laminarin, and (beta)-1,3-xylan.
Report: landfill alternative daily cover: conserving air space and reducing landfill operating cost (2001)

Title 40, Part 258 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria, commonly referred to as Subtitle D, became effective on October 9, 1993. It establishes minimum criteria for solid waste disposal facility siting, design, operations, groundwater monitoring and corrective action, and closure and postclosure maintenance, while providing EPA-approved state solid waste regulatory programs flexibility in implementing the criteria. Section 258.21(a) [40 CFR 258.21(a)] requires owners or operators of municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) units to cover disposed solid waste with 30cm of earthen material at the end of the operating day, or at more frequent intervals, if necessary, to control disease vectors, fires, odours, blowing litter, and scavenging. This requirement is consistent with already existing solid waste facility regulations in many states. For many MSWLFs, applying daily cover requires the importation of soil which increases landfill operating costs. Daily cover also uses valuable landfill air space, reducing potential operating revenue and the landfill's operating life. 40 CFR 258.21 (b) allows the director of an approved state to approve alternative materials of an alternative thickness if the owner or operator demonstrates that the alternative material and thickness will control disease vectors, fires, odours, blowing litter, and scavenging without presenting a threat to human health and the environment. Many different types of alternative daily cover (ADC) are currently being used, including geosynthetic tarps, foams, garden waste, and auto shredder fluff. These materials use less air space than soil and can reduce operating costs. This paper discusses the variety of ADCs currently being used around the country and their applicability to different climates and operating conditions, highlighting the more unusual types of ADC, the types of demonstrations necessary to obtain approval of ADC, and the impact on landfill air space and operating costs of ADC use.
Cellularity of atherosclerotic lesions (1994)

The presence of mixed cell populations in atherosclerotic lesions was recognized by histopathologists in the early part of this century. However, an understanding of the unique properties of these diverse cell types and their potential roles in the atherogenic process awaited the development of cell culture techniques and the emergence of the fields of cell and molecular biology. In this regard, the recent development of both immunocytochemical and insitu hybridization techniques now enable us to verify previous microscopic observations on the cellular composition of atherosclerotic lesions and to investigate whether the properties of the arterial wall cells as observed in vitro also apply to the cells resident within atherosclerotic lesions. This brief review will provide a general overview of the field and will focus on some of the most recent research on the cellular composition and cell biology of atherosclertic lesions from an in-vivo perspective.
Iron, hepcidin, and the metal connection (2014)

Identification of new players in iron metabolism, such as hepcidin, which regulates ferroportin and divalent metal transporter 1 expression, has improved our knowledge of iron metabolism and iron-related diseases. However, from both experimental data and clinical findings, "iron-related proteins" appear to also be involved in the metabolism of other metals, especially divalent cations. Reports have demonstrated that some metals may affect, directly or indirectly, the expression of proteins involved in iron metabolism. Throughout their lives, individuals are exposed to various metals during personal and/or occupational activities. Therefore, better knowledge of the connections between iron and other metals could improve our understanding of iron-related diseases, especially the variability in phenotypic expression, as well as a variety of diseases in which iron metabolism is secondarily affected. Controlling the metabolism of other metals could represent a promising innovative therapeutic approach.
Heterogeneity for Allelic Loss in Human Breast Cancer (1992)

These observations indicate the presence of both intertumor and intratumor heterogeneity for LOH.
Robust motion tracking based on adaptive speckle decorrelation analysis of OCT signal (2015)

Speckle decorrelation analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal has been used in motion tracking. In our previous study, we demonstrated that cross-correlation coefficient (XCC) between Ascans had an explicit functional dependency on the magnitude of lateral displacement (δx). In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity of speckle motion tracking using the derivative of function XCC(δx) on variable δx. We demonstrated the magnitude of the derivative can be maximized. In other words, the sensitivity of OCT speckle tracking can be optimized by using signals with appropriate amount of decorrelation for XCC calculation. Based on this finding, we developed an adaptive speckle decorrelation analysis strategy to achieve motion tracking with optimized sensitivity. Briefly, we used subsequently acquired Ascans and Ascans obtained with larger time intervals to obtain multiple values of XCC and chose the XCC value that maximized motion tracking sensitivity for displacement calculation. Instantaneous motion speed can be calculated by dividing the obtained displacement with time interval between Ascans involved in XCC calculation. We implemented the above-described algorithm in real-time using graphic processing unit (GPU) and demonstrated its effectiveness in reconstructing distortion-free OCT images using data obtained from a manually scanned OCT probe. The adaptive speckle tracking method was validated in manually scanned OCT imaging, on phantom as well as in vivo skin tissue.
Self-Assembly of a Nanosized, Saddle-Shaped, Solution-Stable Polyoxometalate Anion Built from Pentagonal Building Blocks: [H<sub>34</sub>W<sub>119</sub>Se<sub>8</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>420</sub>]<sup>54−</sup> (2010)

Precise control of the "one-pot" reaction conditions is employed for the assembly of a nanosized 2.8 nm cluster, [H(34)W(119)Se(8)Fe(2)O(420)](54-) (1a), which is templated using eight selenite units and two iron(III) centers. Not only is this cluster characterized structurally using X-ray crystallography, it is the largest polyoxotungstate to be observed intact in solution using ESI-MS, with a molecular mass of ca. 30,000 Da.
SQUID arrays for simultaneous magnetic measurements: calibration and source localization performance (1988)

Recently developed small arrays of SQUID- (superconducting quantum interference device) based magnetic sensors can, if appropriately placed, locate the position of a confined biomagnetic source without moving the array. A technique is presented having a relative accuracy of about 2% for calibrating such sensors having detection coils with the geometry of a second-order gradiometer. The effects of calibration error and magnetic noise on the accuracy of locating an equivalent current dipole source in the human brain are investigated for five- and seven-sensor probes and for a pair of seven-sensor probes. With a noise level of 5% of peak signal, uncertainties of about 20% in source strength and depth for a five-sensor probe are reduced to 8% for a pair of seven-sensor probes, and uncertainties of about 15 mm in lateral position are reduced to 1 mm for the configuration considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electric Double-Layer Effects Induce Separation of Aqueous Metal Ions (2015)

Metal ion separation is crucial to environmental decontamination, chromatography, and metal recovery and recycling. Theoretical studies have suggested that the ion distributions in the electric double-layer (EDL) region depend on the nature of the ions and the characteristics of the charged electrode surface. We believe that rational design of the electrode material and device structure will enable EDL-based devices to be utilized in the separation of aqueous metal ions. On the basis of this concept, we fabricate an EDL separation (EDLS) device based on sandwich-structured N-functionalized graphene sheets (CN-GS) for selective separation of aqueous toxic heavy metal ions. We demonstrate that the EDLS enables randomly distributed soluble ions to form a coordination-driven layer and electrostatic-driven layer in the interfacial region of the CN-GS/solution. Through tuning the surface potential of the CN-GS, the effective separation of heavy metal ions (coordination-driven layer) from alkali or alkaline earth metal ions (electrostatic-driven layer) can be achieved.
[Effects of treatment of arrhythmias requiring therapy in dilated cardiomyopathy with amiodarone on alpha human atrial natriuretic peptide]. (1992)

In a longitudinal study comprising a total of 18 patients, the paradoxical time course of hANP plasma levels, i.e. the reproducibility of the low levels previously reported in cases of extreme cardiac insufficiency after administration of amiodarone, was investigated over a period of 9 months. At the same time, the effect of the degree of cardiac insufficiency and arrhythmia on the secretion of hANP was observed. The patients had been admitted to hospital because of the diagnoses "cardiac insufficiency secondary to cardiomyopathy" or "Grade IVb arrhythmia according to Lown's classification". During in-patient treatment, antiarrhythmic therapy was commenced in all patients. Clinical examinations and determinations of humoral parameters during therapy showed a substantial number of patients, who exhibited no increase in hANP levels despite massive cardiac decompensation. As far as drug therapy of patients with severe arrhythmias secondary to congestive (dilated) cardiomyopathy is concerned, amiodarone has proved to be the drug of choice in combination with digitalis, ACE inhibitors and diuretics. There is a close correlation between the degree of cardiac insufficiency and plasma hANP levels.
An Infrared Self-Matting Process (1960)

A traveling matte process is described in which advantage is taken of the selective sensitivity of film emulsions toward light, plus and minus infrared rays. How these two exposures are taken simultaneously and these components then used to arrive at a composite is explained. The process requires little studio space.
Mapping homogeneous computations onto dynamically configurable coarse-grained architectures (2002)

FPGAs are fine-grained architectures, mainly designed for implementing bit-level tasks and random logic functions. Their performance is limited for computationally demanding applications over large word length data. A highly promising avenue that is being explored by many research groups is coarse-grained configurable architectures. These architectures are datapath-oriented structures and consist of a small number of powerful, word-based configurable processing elements (PEs). Such architectures can result in greater computational efficiency and high throughput for coarse-grained computing tasks. The key for achieving high performance solutions is efficient mapping of tasks onto above architectures. In addition to achieving high computational rates, partitionability is a desirable characteristic of the mapping. Moreover, the computational efficiency must scale with the size of the architecture. Finally, it must result in a simple PE structure, regular/balanced dataflow and sustainable I/O requirements so that it can be realized in hardware. In this paper we show a methodology for deriving dynamic computation structures for 2 dimensioned homogeneous computations. Homogeneous computations lead to all PEs having the same functionality. The derived dynamic structures match the datapath-oriented nature of coarse-grained architectures and lead to efficient mapping schemes. Our solutions require constant I/O and smaller amount of local memory/PE compared with known solutions.
Observations of the Sun's magnetic field during the recent solar maximum (2003)

We present new observations and analyses of the Sun's magnetic field and coronal holes. Using magnetic field observations from the Wilcox Solar Observatory, we present a simple means whereby the tilt angle of the current sheet can be calculated. We use a data set covering the last 26 years, which shows for the first time how the dipole component rotated once during a full 22‐year solar cycle. We show how this influenced the current sheet. At solar minimum, the Sun's coronal magnetic field was essentially dipolar and aligned parallel to the spin axis. As a result, the heliospheric current sheet was flat and had very little warp. Around solar maximum, the dipole was perpendicular to the spin axis, and the ratio of quadrupole to dipole strength was high for much of the time. This meant that the current sheet was tilted and highly warped, and reached up to high latitudes. Surprisingly, there were also times close to solar maximum when the quadrupole/dipole ratio was low, and the current sheet was relatively flat, but still highly inclined. We apply for the first time to solar magnetic data a method, which quantitatively analyses the quadrupole component of the magnetic field. From the terms of the expansion of the observed photospheric magnetic field, we compute the position of the poles of the magnetic field. We combine for the first time over an extended period of time magnetic field data from the Wilcox Solar Observatory with coronal hole positions taken from the National Solar Observatory/Kitt Peak. We find that the position of the coronal holes followed the motion of the poles of the magnetic field as the poles moved over the surface of the Sun and that the polar coronal holes broke up into groups of smaller like‐polarity holes as the poles approached the midlatitude regions and the quadrupole became more important. We discuss the implications for energetic particle observations at Ulysses.
Secure and Robust Compressed-Domain Video Watermarking for H.264 (2007)

The objective of this thesis is to present a robust watermarking algorithm for H.264 and to address challenges in compressed-domain video watermarking. To embed a perceptually invisible watermark in highly compressed H.264 video, we use a human visual model. We extend Watson's human visual model developed for 8x8 DCT block to the 4x4 block used in H.264. In addition, we use P-frames to increase the watermark payload. The challenge in embedding the watermark in P-frames is that the video bit rate can increase significantly. By using the structure of the encoder, we significantly reduce the increase in video bit rate due to watermarking. Our method also exploits both temporal and texture\nmasking.\n\nWe build a theoretical framework for watermark detection using a likelihood ratio test. This framework is used to develop two different video watermark detection algorithms; one detects the watermark only from watermarked coefficients and one detects the watermark from all the ac coefficients in the video. These algorithms can be used in different video watermark detection applications where the detector knows and does not know the precise location of watermarked coefficients. Both watermark detection schemes obtain video watermark detection with controllable detection performance. Furthermore, control of the detector's performance lies completely with the detector and does not place any burden on the watermark embedding system. Therefore, if the video has been attacked, the detector can maintain the same detection performance by using more frames to obtain its detection response. This is not the case with images, since there is a limited number of coefficients that can be watermarked in each image before the watermark is visible.