gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abnormal T cell subpopulations and circulating immune complexes in the Guillain‐Barre syndrome and multiple sclerosis (1978)

Immunologic studies were performed in 21 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 16 with the Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Levels of thymus-derived (T) cells measured by "total" and "active" rosette formation between sheep erythrocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (TEt, TEa) were within normal limits in all the patients, with the exception of four GBS patients, including one who also had received chemotherapy for lymphoma and three who were receiving steroids. When lymphocytes from the 21 patients were incubated with the bone-marrow-derived (B) lymphoblastoid cell line PGLC-33H, there were, for 12 of 18 MS patients and 11 of 16 GBS patients, significant decreases in a subpopulation of peripheral blood T lymphocytes that form "PGLC rosettes" (PGR) with the PGLC-33H cells. (Peripheral blood T cells from normal individuals formed PGR with 23.9 +/- 3.8 percent of PGLC-33H cells.) Using the 125l-C1q binding assay, immune complexes were detected in the serum of 14 of 19 MS patients and 15 of 16 GBS patients. An association between increased C1q binding and decreased PGR values was found in 10 of 18 MS patients and 12 of 17 GBS patients. The results suggest that in both diseases the etiology may involve a decrease in the subset of T cells that bind to the IgM-producing cell line PGLC-33H, in association with the appearance of circulating immune complexes containing the infectious viral agent.
Evaluation of a cardiac SPECT system using a common set of solid-state detectors for both emission and transmission scans and a ultras-low dose lead X-ray transmission line source (2009)

We developed a new cardiac SPECT system (X-ACT) with a low dose volume CT transmission-based attenuation correction (AC). Three solid-state detectors are configured to form a triple-head system for emission scans and reconfigured to form a large 27¿ (69 cm) field-of-view (FOV) detector arc for transmission scans. The transmission line source is the collimated fluorescence X-ray emitted from a lead target when the lead target is fluxed by a narrow X-ray beam from an X-ray tube. High quality transmission scans can be completed in as short as one minute with insignificant patient dose (~5 ¿Sv). For evaluation, we scanned an anthropomorphic phantom with a uniform cardiac insert and the same anthropomorphic phantom with one 60° full defect and one 45° 50% defect in the cardiac insert. We also scanned an ACR phantom and a uniform cylindrical phantom. Results showed that image uniformity and defect contrast were improved by AC in the anthropomorphic phantom studies as compared to without AC (NAC). The inferior to anterior wall ratio and the septal to lateral wall ratio were 0.99 and 1.16 before and 1.02 and 1.00 after AC. The defect contrast of the full and 50% defect was 0.528 and 0.156 before and 0.628 and 0.173 after AC. The ACR phantom images with AC showed correction of the bowing effect due to attenuation in the NAC images. The reconstructed attenuation coefficient of water at 140 keV was 0.154±0.003/cm and 0.157±0.002/cm in the liver and cardiac regions of the anthropomorphic phantom, and 0.150±0.003/cm in the uniform region of the ACR phantom and the uniform cylindrical phantom. In conclusion, the X-ACT system generated accurate attenuation maps with one-minute transmission scans. Phantom studies showed that AC improved image quality and quantification over NAC.
Nanoscale control of phonon excitations in graphene (2015)

Phonons, which are collective excitations in a lattice of atoms or molecules, play a major role in determining various physical properties of condensed matter, such as thermal and electrical conductivities. In particular, phonons in graphene interact strongly with electrons; however, unlike in usual metals, these interactions between phonons and massless Dirac fermions appear to mirror the rather complicated physics of those between light and relativistic electrons. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of the underlying physics through systematic studies of phonon interactions and excitations in graphene is crucial for realising graphene-based devices. In this study, we demonstrate that the local phonon properties of graphene can be controlled at the nanoscale by tuning the interaction strength between graphene and an underlying Pt substrate. Using scanning probe methods, we determine that the reduced interaction due to embedded Ar atoms facilitates electron-phonon excitations, further influencing phonon-assisted inelastic electron tunnelling.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Regulates Cholesterol Metabolism for Synapse Development (2007)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts multiple biological functions in the CNS. Although BDNF can control transcription and protein synthesis, it still remains open to question whether BDNF regulates lipid biosynthesis. Here we show that BDNF elicits cholesterol biosynthesis in cultured cortical and hippocampal neurons. Importantly, BDNF elicited cholesterol synthesis in neurons, but not in glial cells. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR revealed that BDNF stimulated the transcription of enzymes in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. BDNF-induced cholesterol increases were blocked by specific inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis, mevastatin and zaragozic acid, suggesting that BDNF stimulates de novo synthesis of cholesterol rather than the incorporation of extracellular cholesterol. Because cholesterol is a major component of lipid rafts, we investigated whether BDNF would increase the cholesterol content in lipid rafts or nonraft membrane domains. Interestingly, the BDNF-mediated increase in cholesterol occurred in rafts, but not in nonrafts, suggesting that BDNF promotes the development of neuronal lipid rafts. Consistent with this notion, BDNF raised the level of the lipid raft marker protein caveolin-2 in rafts. Remarkably, BDNF increased the levels of presynaptic proteins in lipid rafts, but not in nonrafts. An electrophysiological study revealed that BDNF-dependent cholesterol biosynthesis plays an important role for the development of a readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles. Together, these results suggest a novel role for BDNF in cholesterol metabolism and synapse development.
PCR Analysis of DNA from Fresh and Decomposed Bodies and Skeletal Remains in Medicolegal Death Investigations (2003)

One of the greatest values of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the death investigator lies in the fact that even minute amounts of DNA or extensively damaged (degraded) DNA can be successfully amplified and thus become amenable for typing procedures.
Cyclophilin A Associates with Enterovirus-71 Virus Capsid and Plays an Essential Role in Viral Infection as an Uncoating Regulator (2014)

Viruses utilize host factors for their efficient proliferation. By evaluating the inhibitory effects of compounds in our library, we identified inhibitors of cyclophilin A (CypA), a known immunosuppressor with peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity, can significantly attenuate EV71 proliferation. We demonstrated that CypA played an essential role in EV71 entry and that the RNA interference-mediated reduction of endogenous CypA expression led to decreased EV71 multiplication. We further revealed that CypA directly interacted with and modified the conformation of H-I loop of the VP1 protein in EV71 capsid, and thus regulated the uncoating process of EV71 entry step in a pH-dependent manner. Our results aid in the understanding of how host factors influence EV71 life cycle and provide new potential targets for developing antiviral agents against EV71 infection.
Positron emission mammography with tomographic acquisition using dual planar detectors: initial evaluations (2004)

Positron emission mammography (PEM) with tomographic acquisition using dual planar detectors rotating about the breast can obtain complete angular sampling and has the potential to improve activity estimation compared with PEM using stationary detectors. PEM tomography (PEMT) was compared with stationary PEM for point source and compressed breast phantom studies performed with a compact dual detector system. The acquisition geometries were appropriate for the target application of PEM guidance of stereotactic core biopsy. Images were reconstructed with a three-dimensional iterative maximum likelihood expectation maximization algorithm. PEMT eliminated blurring normal to the detectors seen with stationary PEM. Depth of interaction effects distorted the shape of the point spread functions for PEMT as the angular range from normal incidence of lines of response used in image reconstruction increased. Streak artefacts in PEMT for large detector rotation increments led to the development of an expression for the maximum rotation increment that maintains complete angular sampling. Studies with a compressed breast phantom were used to investigate contrast and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) trade-offs for different sized spherical tumour models. PEMT and PEM both had advantages depending on lesion size and detector separation. The most appropriate acquisition method for specific detection or quantitation tasks requires additional investigation.
Gaschromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of fatty acids in human milk from forty puerperae living in southern Italy. (1996)

Fatty acid (FA) composition of breast milk, an important factor in newborn nutrition, may change in relation to maternal diet and individual metabolic characteristics. This study was carried out on a group of 40 puerperae who lived in Southern Italy, delivered at term and feeded with common mediterranean diet. End-milk samples were collected between the 15th and 40th day (in mean at 27th day) after delivery. Analysis of fatty acids was performed using high resolution gaschromatography and mass spectrometry. It has been reported 37 different fatty acids including 6 branched chain fatty acids (BCFA).
Treatment of Seasonal Pesticides in Surface Waters (1989)

Numerous pesticides were monitored in surface waters in agricultural areas. Atrazine, alachlor, metolachlor, cyanazine, metribuzin, carbofuran, linuron, and simazine were found in the influent to three water treatment plants in stormwater runoff. Studies at these plants, together with bench‐scale studies, demonstrated poor control by conventional treatment processes. The relatively high adsorption capacities of these agrichemicals indicate that granular activated carbon can be cost effective for their control. Powdered activated carbon applied at dosages used for the control of tastes and odors can also be effective if moderate percent removal is required.
Effect of Thrombin on Human Amnion Mesenchymal Cells, Mouse Fetal Membranes, and Preterm Birth (2014)

Here, we investigated the effects of thrombin on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in fetal membranes. Thrombin activity was increased in human amnion from preterm deliveries. Treatment of mesenchymal, but not epithelial, cells with thrombin resulted in increased MMP-1 and MMP-9 mRNA and enzymatic activity. Thrombin also increased COX2 mRNA and PGE2 in these cells. Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) was localized to amnion mesenchymal and decidual cells. PAR-1-specific inhibitors and activating peptides indicated that thrombin-induced up-regulation of MMP-9 was mediated via PAR-1. In contrast, thrombin-induced up-regulation of MMP-1 and COX-2 was mediated through Toll-like receptor-4, possibly through thrombin-induced release of soluble fetal fibronectin. In vivo, thrombin-injected pregnant mice delivered preterm. Mmp8, Mmp9, and Mmp13, and PGE2 content was increased significantly in fetal membranes from thrombin-injected animals. These results indicate that thrombin acts through multiple mechanisms to activate MMPs and PGE2 synthesis in amnion.
Smoking and first acute myocardial infarction: age, mortality and smoking cessation rate. (2000)

Current smokers sustained their first AMI more than one decade earlier than non-smokers, and the younger smokers had a higher mortality rate. The majority of the smokers who received anti-smoking advice during their hospitalization for AMI quit smoking in the year following the acute event.
A Highly Accurate Inclusive Cancer Screening Test Using Caenorhabditis elegans Scent Detection (2015)

Early detection and treatment are of vital importance to the successful eradication of various cancers, and development of economical and non-invasive novel cancer screening systems is critical. Previous reports using canine scent detection demonstrated the existence of cancer-specific odours. However, it is difficult to introduce canine scent recognition into clinical practice because of the need to maintain accuracy. In this study, we developed a Nematode Scent Detection Test (NSDT) using Caenorhabditis elegans to provide a novel highly accurate cancer detection system that is economical, painless, rapid and convenient. We demonstrated wild-type C. elegans displayed attractive chemotaxis towards human cancer cell secretions, cancer tissues and urine from cancer patients but avoided control urine; in parallel, the response of the olfactory neurons of C. elegans to the urine from cancer patients was significantly stronger than to control urine. In contrast, G protein α mutants and olfactory neurons-ablated animals were not attracted to cancer patient urine, suggesting that C. elegans senses odours in urine. We tested 242 samples to measure the performance of the NSDT, and found the sensitivity was 95.8%; this is markedly higher than that of other existing tumour markers. Furthermore, the specificity was 95.0%. Importantly, this test was able to diagnose various cancer types tested at the early stage (stage 0 or 1). To conclude, C. elegans scent-based analyses might provide a new strategy to detect and study disease-associated scents.
Multi-output LLC Resonant Converters With Symmetrical Auxiliary Output Structures (2006)

With limitation of lowest load, multi-output LLC resonant topologies with asymmetrical structures on the main output and auxiliary outputs, wherein, whose auxiliary outputs adopt symmetrical structure, dedicating to multi-output power supply systems which is applied as auxiliary supply of the driving chip for the up and down bridges, are presented in this paper. According to output power level, different configuration of secondary output end can be flexibly adapted. Consequently, the presented topology is a favorable candidate for such application as whose outputs are not symmetrical, i.e. compared with auxiliary outputs, power level of main output is comparatively higher. In addition, all switches of the very topology operate under the condition of ZVS and therefore it is applicable to such occasion as high frequency, high power density. Asymmetrical operating principle between the main output and auxiliary outputs are specified, besides, ZVS operation is analyzed in details, moreover key parameter design considerations are presented. Finally, the analysis above is verified by experimental results
Safety and Efficacy of a Testosterone Metered-Dose Transdermal Spray for Treating Decreased Sexual Satisfaction in Premenopausal Women (2008)

A daily 90-microL dose of transdermal testosterone improves self-reported sexual satisfaction for premenopausal women with reduced libido and low serum-free testosterone levels by a mean of 0.8 SSE per month. The rate of SSEs with higher and lower testosterone doses did not differ from that with placebo.
Age-related macular degeneration: diagnosis and management (2008)

There have been exciting advances in the treatment of nAMD and increased understanding of the genetics and pathogenic mechanisms involved will hopefully lead to the development of new therapies in the future.
Measurement of Free Circulating Bcr-Abl Fusion Protein and Its Phosphorylation in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. (2005)

Abstract Diagnosis and monitoring of therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) depend on cytogenetic, FISH, and PCR assays for detecting the fusion bcr-abl gene. However, the there is an inherent variability and difficulty in standardizing quantitative PCR-based assays. We assessed the utility of a simplified immunoassay for measuring levels of Bcr-Abl protein and phosphorylated Bcr-Abl for diagnosis of CML and detection of minimal residual disease (MRD). Bcr-Abl protein was immunoprecipitated on beads with anti-Bcr antibody, and the fusion protein was detected with anti-Abl antibody. Phosphorylation of the immunoprecipitated Bcr-Abl was measured using antibodies against phosphorylated Abl protein at tyr245 and thr735. Because the relatively high turnover of leukemic cells enriches plasma with leukemic DNA, RNA, and protein, as we previously reported, this assay can use cell lysate as well as PB plasma. In vitro studies with denatured K562 cells in plasma showed reliable detection at levels as low as 10 cells/mL plasma. After exposure of cell cultures to 0.5 μM imatinib, K562 cell lysates exhibited a decreased ratio of phosphorylated Bcr-Abl protein:total Bcr-Abl protein with both the tyr245 (from 0.53 to 0.11) and the thr735 (from 0.36 to 0.08) antibodies. The assay was validated by demonstrating negativity (specificity) in 116 normal control subjects (or patients with other translocations) and positivity in all 380 positive samples, as confirmed by FISH or cytogenetics. The CV for inter- and intra-assay variation was <6%. In CML patients receiving imatinib (n=52), the immunoassay yielded Bcr-Abl measurements parallel to those of cell-based RT-PCR. Of 32 plasma and PB cell samples collected at 6, 9, and 12 months of imatinib therapy, 10 were negative by RT-PCR on cells but 4 of these were positive by the plasma immunoassay. Conversely, 9 of the plasma samples were negative by immunoassay, 4 of which were positive by RT-PCR on PB cells. At 3 months of therapy, the immunoassay yielded negative results in 5 of 33 available samples, all of which were positive by RT-PCR on PB cells. Patients with a high level of disease at 3 months of therapy as assessed by RT- PCR (Bcr-Abl:Abl mRNA ratio >0.05) had significantly more relative phosphorylated Bcr-Abl protein than those with low disease activity (P=0.05). In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that Bcr-Abl and phosphorylated Bcr-Abl are detectable at significant levels in the plasma of CML patients and that these levels can be used to monitor MRD. This free circulating Bcr-Abl protein is most likely complexed with other proteins. Unlike PCR-based assays, our ELISA-like assay can be standardized for use in various laboratories. More importantly, the CV of the immunoassay (<6%) is much lower than that typically reported for RT-PCR (up to 30%). We speculate that the use of plasma rather than cells in this assay allows more accurate quantitative measurement of the disease in the whole body, without potential bias due to sampling errors.
Structural Evolution of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (2010)

We report the structural evolution of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as a function of time at room temperature. We have identified the different stages of ZIF-8 formation (nucleation, crystallization, growth, and stationary periods) and elucidated its kinetics of transformation. We hypothesize that the observed semicrystalline-to-crystalline transformation may take place via solution- and solid-mediated mechanisms, as suggested by the observed phase transformation evolution and Avrami's kinetics, respectively. A fundamental understanding of ZIF-8 structural evolution as demonstrated in this study should facilitate the preparation of functional metal-organic framework phases with controlled crystal size and extent of crystallinity.
Fat-soluble vitamins in cord blood and colostrum in the south of China. (1996)

Certain diseases have been associated with micronutrient deficiencies in China, and nutritional assessments have become important means of preventing such diseases. In the present study, fat-soluble vitamins including vitamins A, D, E, K, and beta-carotene in the cord blood and colostrum of Chinese subjects in Guilin, China, were assayed and compared with those of Japanese subjects in Osaka, Japan. These vitamins were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Vitamin A and E levels in the cord blood and colostrum of the Chinese group showed almost the same values as those of the Japanese group. There was also no significant difference in vitamin D level in cord blood between the two groups, while significantly lower levels of beta-carotene and cryptoxanthin, and a higher level of PIVKA-II (protein induced in vitamin K absence) in cord blood were observed in the Chinese group. These findings pointed to a restricted intake of green-yellow vegetables in the Chinese group and an increased risk of hemorrhagic disease in newborn of that group is suggested.
Lynn: A Multi-dimensional Dynamic Resource Management System for Distributed Applications in Clouds (2013)

We present Lynn, a multi-dimensional dynamic resource management system for distributed applications in clouds. Lynn is the first to uniformly manage full kinds of resources, including CPU, memory and particularly, the network I/O bandwidth resource as a whole to schedule tasks. This comprehensive policy allows for more fine-grained control over hardware resources, and thus more efficiency. To support today's sophisticated distributed applications in clouds and to ease the burden of software developers, Lynn defines the concept of virtual cluster in this case and provides a transparent and user-friendly interface of deploying the virtual cluster to run applications. Distributed Applications do not need to make any change to be adapted to Lynn for use. In addition, Lynn puts forward a mechanism that allows different kinds of virtualization techniques to coexist within one single machine, particularly the light-weighted visualization technology Linux container LXC and the famous full virtualization technology KVM. Lynn can handle the difference of the underlying virtualization technology and can manage their resources properly. Then, Lynn breaks the usual rule of static resource allocation of virtual machines. Creatively, Lynn takes careful account of the resources used by each virtual cluster and dynamically adapts their amounts of resources according to their respective workloads. Dynamic policy improves cluster resource utilizations and provides more room for new applications. Our results show that Lynn's multidimensional dynamic resource management policy is feasible and effective.
E2027 Cardiac Safety Evaluation With Concentration-Response Modeling of ECG Data to Inform Dose Selection in Studies in Patients With Dementia With Lewy Bodies (2022)

This pooled post hoc analysis evaluating cardiac safety of E2027 demonstrated that clinically concerning QTcF prolongation and related cardiac complications are highly unlikely with proposed E2027 doses planned for phase 2.
Orai1 and Stim1 Mediate the Majority of Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Multiple Myeloma and Have Strong Implications for Adverse Prognosis (2018)

The Stim1/Orai1-mediated signaling participates in the pathogenesis of MM, which represents an attractive target for future therapeutic intervention.
VISUALIZATION OF DROP EJECTION PROCESS OF A THERMAL BUBBLE INK JET PRINTHEAD (1997)

An inexpensive optical system was set up to visualize the drop ejection process of a thermal bubble ink jet (TBIJ) printhead with a thin-film heater on the bottom wall of the ink nozzle. The optical system consists of a controller with a liquid crystal display (LCD), a pulse generator with a power amplifier, a light-emitting diode (LED) stroboscope, a microscope, a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, a precision three-axis table, and a 486 personal computer with a frame grabber. The temporal evolution of the drop ejection process has been captured by the CCD camera and stored in the computer through the frame grabber. Effects of the electrical heating pulse on the drop ejection process and ejected drop length are investigated in the present study.