gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Missing self-recognition of Ocil/Clr-b by inhibitory NKR-P1 natural killer cell receptors (2004)

The NKR-P1 family of C-type lectin-like receptors are expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and NKT cells. We report the cloning and characterization of a cognate ligand for the inhibitory mouse NK receptors (NKR)-P1B and NKR-P1D (CD161b/d). The NKR-P1B/D ligand is osteoclast inhibitory lectin (Ocil), also known as Clr-b, a member of a previously cloned group of C-type lectin-related (Clr) proteins linked to the NKR-P1 receptors in the mouse NK gene complex (NKC). Expression of Ocil/Clr-b on mouse tumor cell lines inhibits NK cell-mediated killing. Inhibition is blocked with a new mAb (4A6) specific for Ocil/Clr-b. By using 4A6 mAb, we demonstrate that Ocil/Clr-b is displayed at high levels on nearly all hematopoietic cells, with the exception of erythrocytes, in a pattern that is similar to that of class I MHC molecules. Remarkably, Ocil/Clr-b is frequently down-regulated on mouse tumor cell lines, indicating a role for this receptor-ligand system in a new form of "missing self-recognition" of tumor cells.
‘Follow the happy day’ (2009)

Abstract Around 1350 BC a wealthy grain accountant in the Temple of Amun, in Karnak, died and a tomb-chapel was constructed to house his mortal remains. Millennia later, in the early 1800s, the then British consul had several sections of the lavish wall paintings removed from the tomb and exhibited in the British Museum in London. Early this year a new gallery housing the newly-conserved wall paintings was opened, allowing visitors a vivid glimpse of the Ancient Egyptian way of life and death.
Effect of Desmopressin Acetate on Hindlimb Perfusion Pressure in Rats (1992)

Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is a synthetic analogue of vasopressin used to promote hemostasis and reduce postoperative blood loss. Desmopressin acetate can cause hypotension in humans. Our study evaluated the hemodynamics of rapid administration of DDAVP into the isolated hindlimb in live rats and assessed this response after pretreatment with various antagonists. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (350-450 g) were given intraperitoneal pentobarbital anesthesia (50 mg/kg). Perfusion was set at a rate that gave a control mean hindlimb perfusion pressure (HPP) of 100-120 mm Hg. Rats were assigned to five groups (N = 5, each group), with each rat serving as its own control. As a control, saline solution (in volumes equivalent to those used for the antagonists) was injected into the hindlimb preparation before the agonist injections. Each group received both the clinical preparation of DDAVP (i.e., with preservative) and a laboratory preparation of DDAVP in doses of 0.3-3 ng. Group 1 was tested before and after injection of saline solution control; group 2, before and after propranolol (0.5 mg/kg); group 3, before and after meclofenamate (1.5 mg/kg), a cyclooxygenase inhibitor; group 4, before and after nitroarginine (5 mg/kg) an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis; and group 5, before and after atropine sulfate (1 mg/kg). Chlorobutanol (25-75 micrograms), the preservative in the clinical preparation of DDAVP, was tested for changes in HPP in five rats similarly prepared. Systemic mean arterial pressure remained constant during the study. The HPP decreased with increasing doses of the clinical preparation of DDAVP, compared with saline solution controls, whereas no change occurred with the laboratory preparation of DDAVP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Rhodol-based fluorescent probe for Au<sup>3+</sup> detection and its application in bioimaging (2016)

A propargyl–rhodol conjugate is a highly selective reaction-based fluorescent chemosensor for Au<sup>3+</sup>.
A Theoretical Study of the Chirped and Apodized Photonic Crystals (2005)

The photonic crystals with two-dimensional chirped structure and with apodized structure were analysed, and their transmission characteristics were studied by FDTD method and PML technique. The photonic band gap can be made wider with different chirped coefficient or apodized function. This can provide an effective method for controlling the photonic band gap in the photonic crystal applications.
Achieving strong scaling with NAMD on Blue Gene/L (2006)

NAMD is a scalable molecular dynamics application, which has demonstrated its performance on several parallel computer architectures. Strong scaling is necessary for molecular dynamics as problem size is fixed, and a large number of iterations need to be executed to understand interesting biological phenomenon. The Blue Gene/L machine is a massive source of compute power. It consists of tens of thousands of embedded Power PC 440 processors. In this paper, we present several techniques to scale NAMD to 8192 processors of Blue Gene/L. These include topology specific optimizations, new messaging protocols, load-balancing, and overlap of computation and communication. We were able to achieve 1.2 TF of peak performance for cutoff simulations and 0.99 TF with PME.
Synthesis and Bulk Self-Assembly of Well-Defined Binary Graft Copolymers (2013)

Six binary graft copolymers were synthesized, and their graft segregation in bulk was investigated. The copolymers were prepared by a one-pot method involving the quantitative grafting of alkyne-end-functionalized poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA-C≡CH) and poly(2-cinnamoyloxyethyl methacrylate) (PCEMA-C≡CH) onto poly(3-azide-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (P(GMA-N3)) via click chemistry. Of these copolymers, three had a total PBA and PCEMA molar grafting density g of ∼20%, and their PBA volume fractions VB among PBA and PCEMA varied between 28% and 57%. VB was constant at ∼57%, while g varied between 9.8% and 29.5% for the other three samples. Bulk films were obtained by slowly evaporating the solvent from cast solutions of these copolymers. These films were then annealed above the glass transition temperatures of PBA and PCEMA to facilitate graft segregation. The graft segregation patterns were examined by performing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of thin sections of these films. The TEM results suggested that the grafted PBA chains formed a disordered wormlike phase in a PCEMA matrix at VB = 28%. At VB = 42% and 57%, PBA and PCEMA seemed to form alternating lamellae. In the former case, the PBA layers were thinner than the PCEMA layers, while the PBA layers were thinner in the latter case. All three samples with VB ∼ 57% probably possessed a lamellar morphology. The periodicity of the lamellae increased and the long-range ordering deteriorated as g increased.
METACOGNITIVE STRATEGY INSTRUCTION (MSI) FOR READING: CO-REGULATION OF COGNITION (2006)

This paper aims to show how a teacher and ESL learners can successfully engage in mutual regulation of strategy use as they co-construct meaning from the reading text. It focuses on the teacher’s effort at giving direct explanation of various learning strategies for reading, that is, it illustrates how learners are explicitly taught not only the various components of a learning strategy but also the rationales of the “how”, “when” and “where” to use that particular strategy. The study on co-regulation of strategy use adopts a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis. It was conducted via the implementation of a Metacognitive Strategy Instruction (MSI) for academic reading. The instruction session started with an explicit direct explanation of learning strategies that include macro strategies such as planning, comprehension monitoring, problem solving, evaluating and modifying. Subsequently, the learners were taught how to apply the strategies using a strategic processing framework called Self-regulated Learning Approach to Strategic Learning (SRSL) to construct meanings from the reading text. The qualitative account of the learners’ strategy use was elicited using a qualitative retrospective written recall protocol (RWP). The study found that both the High Proficient (HP) and Low-proficient (LP) learners benefited reasonably well from the experience of the MSI sessions. The learners reported on how the strategies helped facilitate their reading process. The key issue revealed in the study is that the MSI sessions have managed to at least prepare if not transform the learners into becoming metacognitively sophisticated readers.
Development of LDPE-based antimicrobial films for food packaging (2006)

The integration of antimicrobial (AM) agents into packaging materials is aimed at killing or inhibiting the spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms that may contaminate packaged food products. Over the years there has been an increased emphasis on naturally derived AM agents and polymer films containing AM agents derived from basil, for example, exhibit an AM effect against a wide spectrum of microorganisms. Due to the relatively high temperatures involved in manufacturing such films, however, there is a considerable evaporation loss of AM agent during the film blowing process. The present study aims at developing effective AM films and subsequently reducing the loss of active AM agents. The effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) in minimising the loss of active AM agent during the manufacturing of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film is explored by measuring the release of AM agent into food simulants. The release of AM agents from the film is satisfactorily and consistently described by short-term and long-term migration equations and by first order kinetics. Furthermore, the polymer additives PEG and EVA play a role in controlling the release of the AM agents. The incorporation of AM agent does not adversely affect the mechanical or optical properties of the extruded LDPE/EVA film and the films retain ca. 75% of AM agents after extrusion.
Upregulation of TNF-alpha and Receptors Contribute to Endothelial Dysfunction in Zucker Diabetic Rats (2010)

Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor to impair endothelial function and induce cardiovascular diseases. TNF-alpha (TNF) is expressed during a variety of inflammatory conditions. We hypothesized that impairment in coronary endothelial function in type 2 diabetes is due to the overexpression of TNF and TNF receptors (TNFRs). Endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine, ACh) and -independent vasodilation (sodium nitroprusside, SNP) of isolated, pressurized (60 cmH(2)O) coronary arteries (50-100 μm) from lean control and Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF, the model of type 2 diabetes) rats were determined. In lean rats, SNP and ACh induced dose-dependent vasodilation, but dilation to only ACh was blocked by the NOS inhibitor N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, 10 μM). In ZDF rats, dilation to ACh was blunted compared to lean rats, but SNP-induced dilation was comparable. Neutralizing antibodies to TNF, or blockade of NAD(P)H and xanthine oxidase, partially restored endothelium-dependent, NO-mediated vasodilation in isolated coronary arteries in ZDF rats, but anti-TNF did not alter endothelium-dependent vasodilation in lean rats. The mRNA expression of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1, but not TNFR2) significantly increased in coronary arteries in ZDF rats. Protein expression of TNF and N-Tyr (ONOO(-)) were higher in coronary arteries in ZDF than those in lean rats. Production of H(2)O(2), NAD(P)H oxidase and xanthine oxidase activity were all higher in ZDF rats than those in lean controls; anti-TNF reduces the production of H(2)O(2), N-Tyr expression, NAD(P)H oxidase and xanthine oxidase activity in ZDF rats. These results demonstrate the endothelial dysfunction occurring in type 2 diabetes is the result of effects of the inflammatory cytokine TNF that activates NAD(P)H oxidase and xanthine oxidase; and perhaps acts mainly through the overexpression of TNFR1.
Evaluation of Calcium Channel Blockers as Potential Hepatoprotective Agents in Oxidative Stress Injury of Perfused Hepatocytes (2000)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calcium channel blockers on tertbutyl hydroperoxide (TBH) induced liver injury using isolated perfused rat hepatocytes. Rat hepatocytes were immobilized in agarose threads and perfused with Williams E medium. Hepatocyte injury was induced by the addition of tertbutyl hydroperoxide (1 mM) to the perfusion medium 30 min after the addition of either verapamil or diltiazim. Hepatocyte injury was observed by monitoring the functional and metabolic competence of hepatocytes or by ultrastructural morphological examination of hepatocytes. Verapamil (0.5 mM) reduced lactate dehydrogenase leakage in TBH-injured hepatocytes as compared to the controls (154+/-11% vs. 247+/-30%). Lipid peroxides production was reduced after verapamil pretreatment as compared to the controls and oxygen consumption was increased by pretreatment of hepatocytes with verapamil. Verapamil pretreatment increased the protein synthesis activity at both levels of granular endoplasmic reticulum and free polysomes in cytoplasm and decreased ATPase activity. Diltiazem was qualitatively effective as verapamil. It is concluded that in hepatocyte oxidative injury, calcium channel blockers exhibited hepatoprotective properties. The hepatoprotective effect of calcium channel blockers was accompanied by a decrease in ATPase activity, which may implicate a normalization of Ca2+i after TBH intoxication.
Toward a life cycle design guideline for inverse manufacturing (2002)

For achieving the sustainability, it is essential to establish sustainable product life cycles that minimize resource consumption and discharge of emissions and wastes, while keeping and increasing wealth. This paper discusses fundamental issues of life cycle design, which is defined as integrated design of business strategy, life cycle strategy; product, and processes. For guiding determination of life cycle strategy; this paper clarifies applicability of life cycle options; especially, issues of component reuse are discussed including lifetime, costs, value and quality; and marginal reuse rate. As a result, life cycle design is indispensable for making reuse feasible. Finally; this paper points out some future issues for sustainable closed-loop product life cycles.
Absence of Evidence as Evidence of Absence: A Simple Mechanism for Scalable P2P Search (2009)

We propose a novel search mechanism for unstructured p2p networks, and show that it is both scalable, i.e., it leads to a bounded query traffic load per peer as the peer population grows, and reliable, i.e., it successfully locates all files that are (sufficiently often) brought into the system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a search mechanism for unstructured p2p networks has been shown to be both scalable and reliable. We provide both a formal analysis and a numerical case study to illustrate this result. Our analysis is based on a random graph model for the overlay graph topology and uses a mean-field approximation to characterize the evolution of how files are replicated in the network.
BIS-DUROQUINONE-NICKEL(0) (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBIS-DUROQUINONE-NICKEL(0)G. N. Schrauzer and H. ThyretCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 24, 6420–6421Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01509a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01509a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Potent inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication by inducible expression of HIV-1 PR multimers (1995)

Constructs were generated in which expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease (PR) was placed under control of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat, thus requiring the HIV-1 Tat protein for expression of PR. The activity of PR was assessed by cotransfection with a construct producing a Gag substrate. Expression of PR as an intramolecular multimer resulted in a large increase in PR activity in comparison with the level obtained with the expression of PR as a monomer. A cytotoxic effect of PR expression was also exhibited by the constructs expressing PR multimers. CD4+ T-cell lines were generated with a construct producing PR as a linked tetramer and screened for PR activity and inducibility. The replication of HIV-1 in these cell lines was several orders of magnitude reduced in comparison with that in cell lines not expressing PR. Infection in these cell lines could be detected early after infection but disappeared over time. Infection of the PR-expressing cell lines could be increased several orders of magnitude by the addition of a specific inhibitor of PR, U75875 (Upjohn), after infection of the cells, demonstrating that the potent inhibition of HIV-1 replication in these cells was directly due to the expression of PR.
Investigation of Defect States of HfO2 and SiO2 on p type Silicon using THz Spectroscopy (2005)

As a non contact characterization tool, visible pump - THz probe spectroscopy provides distinct spectra for high κ gate dielectrics. The interfacial defect density is found to be larger for HfO2than for SiO2.
Early diagnosis of Usher syndrome in infants and children. (1996)

The electroretinogram (ERG) is the only test currently available that has the potential to identify patients with Usher syndrome before onset of fundoscopic and visual abnormalities. The ERG is a noninvasive technique that can diagnose retinitis pigmentosa via measurement of corneal-retinal potentials. Forty-seven children with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss were evaluated. Usher syndrome was diagnosed in five children, all of whom subsequently underwent cochlear implantation. We have found that accurate diagnosis of Usher syndrome in infants and young children is possible via ERG. Benefits of early diagnosis include timely counseling regarding genetic issues, educational and vocational placement, and cochlear implantation. For this reason we recommend that all newly identified children with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss undergo ERG testing.
Fuel ethanol and high protein feed from corn and corn–whey mixtures in a farm‐scale plant (1983)

Distiller's wet grain (DWG) and 95% ethanol were produced from corn in a farm-scale process involving batch cooking-fermentation and continuous distillation-centrifugation. The energy balance was 2.26 and the cost was $1.86/gal (1981 cost). To improve the energy balance and reduce costs, various modifications were made in the plant. The first change, back-end (after liquefaction) serial recycling of stillage supernatant at 20 and 40% strengths, produced beers with 0.2 and 0.4% (v/v) more ethanol, respectively, than without recycling. This increased the energy balance by 0.22-0.43 units and reduced costs by $0.07-$0.10/gal. The DWGs from back-end recycling had increased fat. The second change, increasing the starch content from 17-19% to 27.5%, increased the ethanol in the beer from 10.5-14.9% at a cost saving of $0.41/gal. The energy balance increased by 1.08 units. No significant change was seen in DWG composition. The third change, using continuous cascade rather than batch fermentation, permitted batch-levels of ethanol (10%) in the beer but only at low dilution rates. Both the cost and energy balance were decreased slightly. The DWG composition remained constant. The last change, replacing part of the corn and all of the tap water in the mash with whole whey and using Kluyveromyces fragilis instead of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during fermentation, resulted in an energy balance increase of 0.16 units and a $0.27/gal cost reduction. Here, 10% ethanolic beers were produced and the DWGs showed increased protein and fat. Recommendations for farm-scale plants are provided.
Functional Angucycline-Like Antibiotic Gene Cluster in the Terminal Inverted Repeats of the <i>Streptomyces ambofaciens</i> Linear Chromosome (2004)

Streptomyces ambofaciens has an 8-Mb linear chromosome ending in 200-kb terminal inverted repeats. Analysis of the F6 cosmid overlapping the terminal inverted repeats revealed a locus similar to type II polyketide synthase (PKS) gene clusters. Sequence analysis identified 26 open reading frames, including genes encoding the beta-ketoacyl synthase (KS), chain length factor (CLF), and acyl carrier protein (ACP) that make up the minimal PKS. These KS, CLF, and ACP subunits are highly homologous to minimal PKS subunits involved in the biosynthesis of angucycline antibiotics. The genes encoding the KS and ACP subunits are transcribed constitutively but show a remarkable increase in expression after entering transition phase. Five genes, including those encoding the minimal PKS, were replaced by resistance markers to generate single and double mutants (replacement in one and both terminal inverted repeats). Double mutants were unable to produce either diffusible orange pigment or antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis. Single mutants showed an intermediate phenotype, suggesting that each copy of the cluster was functional. Transformation of double mutants with a conjugative and integrative form of F6 partially restored both phenotypes. The pigmented and antibacterial compounds were shown to be two distinct molecules produced from the same biosynthetic pathway. High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of culture extracts from wild-type and double mutants revealed a peak with an associated bioactivity that was absent from the mutants. Two additional genes encoding KS and CLF were present in the cluster. However, disruption of the second KS gene had no effect on either pigment or antibiotic production.
Using semantic knowledge for transaction processing in a distributed database (1983)

This paper investigates how the semantic knowledge of an application can be used in a distributed database to process transactions efficiently and to avoid some of the delays associated with failures. The main idea is to allow nonserializable schedules which preserve consistency and which are acceptable to the system users. To produce such schedules, the transaction processing mechanism receives semantic information from the users in the form of transaction semantic types, a division of transactions into steps, compatibility sets, and countersteps. Using these notions, we propose a mechanism which allows users to exploit their semantic knowledge in an organized fashion. The strengths and weaknesses of this approach are discussed.