gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathologic pupillary signs: self-learning module, Part 2 (1991)

Articles| June 01 1991 Pathologic pupillary signs: self-learning module, Part 2 BS Bishop BS Bishop Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Crit Care Nurse (1991) 11 (7): 58–67. https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn1991.11.7.58 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation BS Bishop; Pathologic pupillary signs: self-learning module, Part 2. Crit Care Nurse 1 June 1991; 11 (7): 58–67. doi: https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn1991.11.7.58 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCritical Care Nurse Search Advanced Search You do not currently have access to this content.
Conformational analysis. Part 33.1 An NMR, solvation and theoretical investigation of conformational isomerism in N,N-dimethylfluoroacetamide and N,N-dimethyl-α-fluoropropionamide (2000)

The solvent and temperature dependence of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of N,N-dimethylfluoroacetamide (DMFA) and N,N-dimethyl-α-fluoropropionamide (DMFP) are reported and the 5JCF, 1JCF and 4JCF couplings analysed by solvation theory. Density function theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level with ZPE (zero point energy) corrections was used to obtain the conformer geometries. In DMFA, the DFT method gave only two minima for the cis (F–C–CO, 0°) and gauche (F–C–CO, 140.6°) rotamers. The trans rotamer was not a minimum in the energy surface. Assuming only the cis and gauche forms, the observed couplings when analysed by solvation theory gave the energy difference (Ecis − Eg) of 2.5 kcal mol−1 in the vapour phase, (cf. the ab initio value of 2.3 kcal mol−1) decreasing to 0.87 kcal mol−1 in CCl4 and to −1.29 kcal mol−1 in DMSO. In DMFP the ab initio calculations gave three minima; the cis (F–C–CO, 30.4°), gauche-1 (F–C–CO, 144.7°) and gauche-2 (F–C–CO, −124.1°) rotamers with (Ecis − Eg2) equal to 2.5 kcal mol−1 and (Eg1 − Eg2) equal to 0.3 kcal mol−1. The observed couplings were analysed by solvation theory assuming one “average” gauche conformer to give (Ecis − Eg(AV)) equal to 2.1 kcal mol−1 in the vapour phase, decreasing to 0.83 kcal mol−1 in CCl4 and to −1.11 kcal mol−1 in DMSO.
Role of Iron in the Inhibition of Corrosion of Marine Heat Exchangers — A Review (1972)

AbstractAbstractIt was observed in 1907 that iron corrosion products in the cooling water of a marine condenser reduced tube corrosion. However, although intensive investigations in England reported in 1924 further emphasised the importance of iron corrosion products in reducing corrosion of copper base alloys, it is only very recently that the mechanism aspects of this role of iron have been reopened.This review traces the history of the role of iron corrosion products as a corrosion inhibitor with particular reference to (a) the presence of iron corrosion products in the cooling water derived from either sacrificial galvanic iron protector blocks or by injection of ferrous sulphate into the system; (b) iron corrosion products provided from iron incorporated as an alloying element in the tube or tube plate material, considering in particular copper–zinc, copper–nickel and aluminium–bronee alloys.It is concluded that, although the actual mechanism of corrosion inhibition depends on the source of iron corrosion products (from either the cooling water or condenser material), in both instances the iron becomes incorporated in the corrosion films formed on the metal surfaces. This reduces the potential of the films so that they are no longer effectively cathodic to bare metal and therefore cannot contribute to local electrochemical corrosion cells.
Probing the influence of the particle in Single Particle Tracking measurements of lipid diffusion (2012)

We present a systematic study of the influence of the nanoparticle used as a probe in Single Particle Tracking experiments with a supported lipid bilayer as a model system. Quantum Dots, 40 nm and 200 nm diameter fluorescent latex spheres, and 40 nm diameter gold colloids were attached to headgroup-labeled lipid molecules in the bilayer by means of an antibody. The percentage of the particle's surface covered with antibody was also varied. We made the choice to extract the diffusion coefficient from the first two points of the mean square displacement of the particle after demonstrating that the accuracy of this method is equivalent to a more rigorous but less prevalent analysis based on the cumulated probability function. We show that, under optimal conditions, Quantum Dots and also 40 nm latex beads have a negligible influence on the lipid diffusion, whereas the diffusion coefficient of gold colloids and 200 nm diameter latex particles was systematically reduced 2- to 3-fold compared to the reference value obtained by Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching. Interestingly, the diffusion coefficient of Quantum Dots and 40 nm latex beads depended on the percentage of the surface of the nanoparticle covered with antibody in an unexpected manner: at very low percentage the perturbation to the lipid diffusion due to the particle increased. We speculate that in this regime subtle details of antibody binding to the nanoparticle become important.
Field calibration of a cluster of low-cost commercially available sensors for air quality monitoring. Part B: NO, CO and CO2 (2016)

Abstract In this work the performances of several field calibration methods for low-cost sensors, including linear/multi linear regression and supervised learning techniques, are compared. A cluster of either metal oxide or electrochemical sensors for nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide together with miniaturized infra-red carbon dioxide sensors was operated. Calibration was carried out during the two first weeks of evaluation against reference measurements. The accuracy of each regression method was evaluated on a five months field experiment at a semi-rural site using different indicators and techniques: orthogonal regression, target diagram, measurement uncertainty and drifts over time of sensor predictions. In addition to the analyses for ozone and nitrogen oxide already published in Part A [1], this work assessed if carbon monoxide sensors can reach the Data Quality Objective (DQOs) of 25% of uncertainty set in the European Air Quality Directive for indicative methods. As for ozone and nitrogen oxide, it was found for NO, CO and CO2 that the best agreement between sensors and reference measurements was observed for supervised learning techniques compared to linear and multilinear regression.
The role of magnesium in the aetiology and prevention of caries: some new findings and implications. (1988)

While some epidemiological studies seem to indicate that a high intake of magnesium should be associated with a low prevalence of dental caries, the results of experimental studies are mainly equivocal. Magnesium is probably not bound to the apatite lattice of dental enamel or dentine, or it is bound to a small degree only. It is mainly located in the hydration layer of the apatite crystallites. In the dental caries process it is preferentially dissolved together with the carbonate of the mineral phase. It is not known to what extent feasible dietary changes can modify tooth magnesium content during pre-eruptive tooth development. Animal experiments indicate that the elevation of dietary magnesium alone after tooth eruption has no definite capacity to modify the occurrence of dental caries. When fed in combination with small fluoride supplements in the diet magnesium and fluoride may support each other in preventing various calcium salt imbalances such as dental caries, arteriosclerosis and nephrocalcinosis. Although some recent in vitro findings indicate that extra magnesium in the fluid environment of cariogenic streptococci may protect them against the inhibitory action of fluoride, such magnesium changes do not seem possible in the human mouth under present or envisaged dietary conditions.
SSD-Insider: Internal Defense of Solid-State Drive against Ransomware with Perfect Data Recovery (2018)

Ransomware is a malware that encrypts victim's data, where the decryption key is released after a ransom is paid by the data owner to the attacker. Many ransomware attacks were reported recently, making anti-ransomware a crucial need in security operation, and an issue for the security community to tackle. In this paper, we propose a new approach to defending against ransomware inside NAND flash-based SSDs. To realize the idea of defense-inside-SSDs, both a lightweight detection technique and a perfect recovery algorithm to be used as a part of SSDs firmware should be developed. To this end, we propose a new set of lightweight behavioral features on ran-somware's overwriting pattern, which are invariant across various ransomwares. Our features rely on observing the block I/O request headers only, and not the payload. For perfect and instant recovery, we also propose using the delayed deletion feature of SSDs, which is intrinsic to NAND flash. To demonstrate their feasibility, we implement our algorithms atop an open-channel SSD as a working prototype called SSD-Insider. In experiments using eight real-world and two in-house ransomwares with various background applications running, SSD-Insider achieved a detection accuracy 0% FRR/FAR in most scenarios, and only 5% FAR when heavy overwriting resembling ransomware's data wiping occurs. SSD-Insider detects ransomware activity within 10s, and recovers instantly an infected SSD within 1s with 0% data loss. The additional software overheads incurred by the SSD-Insider is just 147 ns and 254 ns for 4-KB reads and writes, respectively, which is negligible considering NAND chip latency (50-1000 μs).
Autoregressive Mfcc Models For Genre Classification Improved By Harmonic-Percussion Separation. (2010)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Characterization and Use of TurboLuc Luciferase as a Reporter for High-Throughput Assays (2018)

Luciferase-based reporter assays are powerful tools for monitoring gene expression in cells because of their ultrasensitive detection capacity and wide dynamic range. Here we describe the characterization and use of a luciferase reporter enzyme derived from the marine copepod Metridia luciferase family, referred to as TurboLuc luciferase (TurboLuc). To develop TurboLuc, the wild-type luciferase was modified to decrease its size, increase brightness, slow luminescent signal decay, and provide for efficient intracellular expression. To determine the enzyme susceptibility to compound inhibition and judge the suitability of using of TurboLuc as a reporter in screening assays, purified TurboLuc enzyme was screened for inhibitors using two different compound libraries. No inhibitors of this enzyme were identified in a library representative of typical diverse low molecular weight (LMW) compounds using a purified TurboLuc enzyme assay supporting that such libraries will show very low interference with this enzyme. We were able to identify a few inhibitors from a purified natural product library which can serve as useful tools to validate assays using TurboLuc. In addition to the inhibitor profile for TurboLuc we describe the use of this reporter in cells employing miniaturized assay volumes within 1536-well plates. TurboLuc luciferase is the smallest luciferase reporter enzyme described to date (16 kDa), shows bright luminescence and low interference by LMW compounds, and therefore should provide an ideal reporter in assays applied to high-throughput screening.
Fourier imaging of phase information in scanning and conventional optical microscopes (1980)

Abstract The imaging performance of scanning microscopes may be improved by introducing a pinhole in the detector plane, thus forming a confocal (or type 2) scanning microscope. A general imaging theory is developed from which the performance of scanning and conventional microscopes may be investigated. Various methods of obtaining phase imaging are considered, including the effects of defocus, Zernike phase contrast, and interference and resonant microscopy.
A Study of Anti-HIV Compounds which Interfere the Virus Entry via Coreceptor CXCR4 (2000)

T22 is an anti-HIV polypeptide which was synthesized with chemical modification from the horse shoe hemocytic polypeptides, polyphemusin II as a lead compound. T22 was found to block T-tropic HIV-1 entry into target cells as a CXCR4 antagonist. We synthesized T134, a small sized analog of T22 with reduced positive charges. T134 exhibited highly potent activity and significantly less cytotoxicity when compared to T22. It was shown that bicyclam AMD3100 and ALX40-4C are antagonists of CXCR4, and vMIP II which is coded chemokine in HHV8/KSHV effects antagonistically both CXCR4 and CCR5. We examined the anti-HIV activity of these CXCR4 antagonists. All of them inhibit the binding of anti-CXCR4 antibody (12G5) to PBMC, but have no effect on the binding of anti-CCR5 antibody (2D7) except for vMIP II. vMIP II decreased the binding of both 12G5 and 2D7. In these compounds, T134 showed the most potency to anti-HIV activity. We also attempted to clarify the cross resistance between these antagonists, using HIV-1 resistant to AMD3100. T134, ALX40-4C and vMIP II are active against the AMD3100 resistant strain. This observation indicates the potential of using these the inhibitors as a new type of agent preventing HIV entry.
[Suppressor cell activity in multiple sclerosis and other nervous system diseases. Preliminary report]. (1982)

3H-Thymidine incorporation was assessed in concanavalin A-stimulated cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy subjects and multiple sclerosis patients. At the same time the counts of T and B lymphocytes were determined in peripheral blood and the activity of suppressor cells was determined in vitro by the method of Shou et all. in these patients and in other neurological diseases. The studied immunological parameters showed some variability in patients with multiple sclerosis: at the time of exacerbations the activity of suppressor cells decreased and the mitogenic response to Con A was impaired. In remissions and in slowly progressive cases of multiple sclerosis the activity of suppressor cells was increased, particularly in elderly patients. The reported investigations demonstrated that disturbances in the functions of suppressor cells occur also in other neurological diseases. The role of the observed disturbances in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is discussed.
Characterization of an antibody-urokinase conjugate. A plasminogen activator targeted to fibrin. (1987)

The plasminogen activator urokinase was linked covalently to a monoclonal antibody specific for the amino terminus of the beta chain of human fibrin by means of the unidirectional cross-linking reagent N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate. N-Succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate allowed the amino groups on urokinase to be coupled to the sulfhydryl groups on iminothiolane (which had been introduced into the antibody before the coupling reaction). The inter-heavy chain sulfhydryl of the Fab' of this antibody was also linked to N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate-substituted urokinase. The antibody- or Fab'-urokinase complexes were purified by two affinity chromatography steps. In the first, benzamidine was used as ligand for urokinase, in the second, a heptapeptide consisting of the 7 amino-terminal residues of the beta chain of fibrin (beta peptide) was used as ligand for the antibody. The activity of the purified conjugates was compared with that of urokinase alone in an assay measuring lysis of 125I-fibrin monomer covalently linked to Sepharose CL-4B. For any concentration of either urokinase alone or urokinase-antifibrin antibody conjugate, an equivalent amount of lysis (release of labeled peptide from fibrin monomer-Sepharose) was obtained with 1/250 the concentration (with respect to urokinase content) of antifibrin antibody-urokinase conjugate. The antifibrin Fab'-urokinase conjugate exhibited a similar enhancement of activity in comparison with urokinase. Enhanced fibrinolysis was fully inhibited by beta peptide. These results suggest that antibody targeting enhances the concentration of urokinase in the vicinity of immobilized fibrin monomer, thereby also increasing the local conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, which in turn degrades its substrate, fibrin. Univalent antigen-antibody binding is sufficient for optimal efficiency.
Pharmacokinetic Disposition and Clinical Outcomes in Infants and Children Receiving Intravenous Busulfan for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (2007)

We conducted a retrospective pharmacokinetic analysis of i.v. busulfan in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and describe its relation to transplantation outcomes. Forty-five children (median age, 3 yr) underwent HSCT at The Hospital for Sick Children from April 2003 through January 2006 and received i.v. busulfan every 6 h as part of their conditioning regimen. Initial busulfan doses were based on actual patient weight: <9 kg, 0.95 mg/kg per dose; 9-16 kg, 1.2 mg/kg per dose; 16-23 kg, 1.1 mg/kg per dose; 24-34 kg, 0.95 mg/kg per dose; >34 kg, 0.8 mg/kg per dose. Plasma busulfan concentrations were obtained after the first dose. The fourth and subsequent busulfan doses were adjusted to achieve an area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) of 900-1500 microM.min. Development of hepatic venous occlusive disease (HVOD; modified Baltimore criteria) and engraftment (absolute neutrophil count >or=0.5 x 10(9)/L) were evaluated. Busulfan pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using 1-compartment methods. Mean busulfan pharmacokinetic parameters were maximum concentration (C(max); 4.7 +/- 0.75 microM), volume of distribution at steady state (0.68 +/- 0.17 L/kg), elimination rate constant (0.0051 +/- 0.0010 min(-1)), total body clearance (3.5 +/- 1.23 mL/[min.kg]), and AUC (1271 +/- 280 microM.min). Mean volume of distribution at steady state was larger in children <1 yr of age (0.77 +/- 0.24 vs 0.64 +/- 0.11 L/kg; P = .040) and children <4 yr of age (0.73 +/- 0.18 vs 0.60 +/- 0.11 L/kg; P = .001) than in older children. Compared with older children, mean weight-adjusted total body clearance was higher in children <4 yr of age (3.8 +/- 1.40 versus 3.0 +/- 0.76 mL/[min.kg]). HVOD was diagnosed in 8 children (18%), including 4 children <1 yr of age. Children who developed HVOD achieved a lower C(max) than did those without HVOD (4.2 +/- 0.68 versus 4.8 +/- 0.73 microM; P = .035). Other than C(max), no association was observed between busulfan disposition and development of HVOD in children for whom i.v. busulfan doses were adjusted to achieve a target AUC. The influence of factors other than busulfan disposition on transplantation outcomes, such as genetic polymorphisms, should be evaluated.
Chemical Composition and Structure of Sulphated Water-Soluble Cell-Wall Polysaccharides from the Gametic, Carposporic and Tetrasporic Stages of Asparagopsis armata Harvey (Rhodophyta, Bonnemaisoniaceae) (2000)

The chemical composition and the structure of gametic, carposporic and tetrasporic water-soluble polysaccharides from Asparagopsis armata Harvey (Rhodophyta, Bonnemaisoniaceae), as well as two gametic samples harvested both in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, have been compared. The structural analysis of the polysaccharides has been examined by infra-red spectroscopy and by methylation of native and desulphated samples. The different constitutive sugars have been separated and quantified by gas-phase chromatography after reductive hydrolysis. The sulphated galactans lacking anhydrogalactose have both carrageenan and agar features such as high proportions of 1,3- and 1,4-linked galactose units, the presence of D- and L-galactose units, and negative or positive optical rotation values according to the stage considered. They are essentially sulphated on C-4 and ramified on C-3 and C-6. The carposporic polysaccharide differs primarily from the others by the presence of 15.9% dry wt uronic acids and a threefold lower sulphation level.
MEMs-Tunable Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (2001)

MEM-VCSEL can provide over 50 nm of wavelength tuning, up to 8 dBm optical power and high side mode suppression. The viability of those devices for telecom applications is directly demonstrated through transmission experiments.
Biochemical characterization and localization of the dual specificity kinase CLK1 (2000)

CLK1 was one of the first identified dual specificity kinases and is the founding member of the 'LAMMER' family of kinases. We have established the substrate site specificity of CLK1. We report here that truncation of the N terminus of CLK1 resulted in a dramatic increase in CLK1 enzymatic activity, indicating that the N terminus acts as a negative regulatory domain. The N-terminal truncation resulted in a 45-fold increase in V(max), suggesting that this domain does not contain a pseudo-substrate motif, but may act to conformationally constrain the catalytic activity of CLK1. Tyrosine phosphorylation has been proposed to be critical for CLK1 activity, however, CLK1 activity was unaffected by exposure to tyrosine phosphatases. Treatment of CLK1 with the serine/threonine specific phosphatase PP2A, resulted in a 2- to 6-fold increase in enzymatic activity. Incubation of CLK1 with tyrosine phosphatases in combination with PP2A abolished CLK1 activity. These data suggest that CLK1 is regulated by three distinct mechanisms that serve to both positively and negatively regulate CLK1 activity. CLK1 activity is positively regulated by phosphorylation on either tyrosine residues or serine/threonine residues, and is negatively regulated by steric constraints mediated by the N-terminal domain, as well as, by phosphorylation on a subset of serine/threonine residues within the catalytic domain. CLK1 mRNA is expressed at low levels in all tissues and cell lines examined. The full-length and truncated splice forms are expressed at roughly equivalent levels in most tissues. The ratio of the two splice variants of CLK1 can be altered by treatment with cycloheximide. CLK1 protein expression is limited to a small subset of highly localized neuronal populations in the rat brain. Contrary to previous studies using overexpression systems, we show that CLK1 protein is primarily found in the cytoplasm of these cells, with only a small fraction localized to the nucleus.