gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) by methadone. (1993)

1. In microsomes prepared from three human livers, methadone competitively inhibited the O-demethylation of dextromethorphan, a marker substrate for CYP2D6. The apparent Ki value of methadone ranged from 2.5 to 5 microM. 2. Two hundred and fifty-two (252) white Caucasians, including 210 unrelated healthy volunteers and 42 opiate abusers undergoing treatment with methadone were phenotyped using dextromethorphan as the marker drug. Although the frequency of poor metabolizers was similar in both groups, the extensive metabolizers among the opiate abusers tended to have higher O-demethylation metabolic ratios and to excrete less of the dose as dextromethorphan metabolites than control extensive metabolizer subjects. These data suggest inhibition of CYP2D6 by methadone in vivo as well. 3. Because methadone is widely used in the treatment of opiate abuse, inhibition of CYP2D6 activity in these patients might contribute to exaggerated response or unexpected toxicity from drugs that are substrates of this enzyme.
A method for detection of aromatic metabolites at very low concentrations: application to detection of metabolites of anaerobic toluene degradation (1994)

Difficulties inherent in working with anaerobic microorganisms and mixed cultures have hampered efforts to detect and identify metabolites of anaerobic degradation of monoaromatic compounds. Isotope-trapping experiments and analysis using a high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with a flow-through radioactivity detector were used to detect very low concentrations of metabolites. Data obtained by this method suggest that toluene was degraded via methyl hydroxylation by a mixed methanogenic culture.
Powerful low-molecular-weight gelators based on l-valine and l-isoleucine with various terminal groups (2006)

Novel L-valine and L-isoleucine gelators, which have various terminal groups, such as an ester, carboxylic acid and carboxylate as well as different alkyl chain lengths between the terminal group and L-amino acid segment, were synthesized and their organogelation properties were examined in various organic solvents and oils. The organogelation properties significantly depended on the molecular structures of the L-amino acid, the length of the alkyl chains and hydrophilic–hydrophobic balance of the gelators. The FT-IR studies demonstrated that the driving forces for the organogel formation were the hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions, and the aggregation modes of the nanofibers depended on the solvents. Furthermore, it was found that these gelators were useful for the selective gelation of oils or fuels from oil/water mixtures.
Lifetime of Ion-Selective Electrodes Based on Charged Ionophores (2000)

The lifetime of solvent polymeric ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) is limited by leaching of the membrane components into the sample solutions. In this article, leaching of charged ionophores is discussed. Because of the electroneutrality principle, the loss of the charged ionophore into the sample must be accompanied by parallel transport of an ion of the opposite charge sign into the sample or by ion exchange with a sample ion of the same charge sign. Because ionic sites of high lipophilicity are available, the loss of ionic sites is, in general, not a concern. Therefore, it is assumed here that the cotransported or ion-exchanging ions are primary or interfering ions forming complexes with the ionophore. A general theory that allows quantification of ionophore lipophilicities and a discussion of changes in the membrane composition and selectivity with time is presented. A high complex stability and high analyte concentrations diminish the rate of ionophore loss into the sample if a charged ionophore is coextracted from the membrane into the sample together with an analyte ion of opposite charge. On the other hand, if the charged ionophore has the same charge sign as the ion that it binds, a large binding constant and high analyte concentrations enhance ionophore leaching into the sample. The model is applied to interpret results for an electrically charged ionophore, for which selectivity changes as a function of the leaching time were observed and the lipophilicity was determined with potentiometric measurements. Using the lipophilicities of neutral ionophores, as described previously, and the lipophilicities of charged ionophores, as described here, a direct comparison of the expected leaching rates of charged and neutral ionophores has become possible.
The Expression Platform Based on <i>H. polymorpha</i> Strain RB11 and Its Derivatives – History, Status and Perspectives (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction A toolbox of expression vectors Promoters used in H. polymorpha RB11-based expression systems HARSI Co-expression New aspects Conclusive remarks
Augmented Reality Technologies in Diagnosis of Electrical Machines (2019)

The article describes the main methods of diagnostics of electric drives, the causes of early failure of electric drives. The main proposed solution is the calculation of current deviations in combination with augmented reality technologies. It shows the approximate content of the displayed technological information points. The evaluation of the speed of current circuits of modern converters has been carried out. Mathematical modeling of the proposed solutions was conducted, it was concluded that the speed of autonomous semiconductor converters depends on the switching frequency of the valves. The algorithm of the proposed system for assessing the life of the electric machine is suggested. The authors proposed to collect and classify information on cloud storages for subsequent systematization and analysis.
Data acquisition and control system for molecule and atom-resolved tunneling spectroscopy (1993)

A high-speed data acquisition and control system for atom-resolved tunneling spectroscopy based on an 80386 computer and a commercially available data acquisition card is descibed. An analog proportional-integral feedback controller with sample and hold is used to control the scanning tunneling microscope. Constant tip-sample separation during data collection is maintained by interrupting the feedback loop. Assembly language routines taking advantage of the direct memory access capabilities of the data acquisition card are used to minimize the data collection time. A current-to-voltage amplifier based on measuring the voltage drop across a resistor in series with the tunnel junction is used to amplify the tunnel current. This amplifier has a bandwidth of 250 kHz at a gain of 109 V/A. The complete system is capable of obtaining an entire tunneling spectrum in 1.5 ms. The system can also simultaneously collect 128 spectroscopic images, a topographic image, and spatially resolved tunneling spectra. Similar techniques can also be used to obtain local barrier height measurements and barrier height images. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy data for C60 adsorbed on Au(111) are presented as examples of data collected using this system.
Real-Time Communication between S7-1200 PLC and Matlab/Simulink and a Fuzzy Logic Temperature Humidity Control Application (2019)

It is notmuch possible for controllers such as PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) andDCS (Distributed Control System) used in the industry to solve complex systems.On the contrary, Matlab/Simulink provides advantages with the solutions itoffers in the complex systems. It is highly significant that PLCs have areal-time communication with Matlab to solve this kind of complex systems. Forindustrial automation, interoperability standard OPC (OLE for process control)plays the role of a bridge between Matlab/Simulink and PLC and enables dataexchange between them. On the otherhand, Fuzzy Logic provides advantage in solving complex systems. There are twoinputs in this research. Temperature and relative humidity data is transferredto Matlab/Simulink via OPC by PLCs. Based on the temperature and relativehumidity felt depending on the temperature, the percentage of fan speed iscalculated by using Fuzzy controller in Matlab/Simulink and transferred to PLCvia OPC and the required physical output connected to PLC is activated. Thissystem shows how fast the processes which are complex in PLC can be solved withMatlab/Simulink. A complex systemdeveloped in Matlab/ Simulink can be automatically converted to anymicrocontroller code. The PLC used inindustry can communicate with this microcontroller as well and obtain thedesired output in the best way possible. Nowadays, Artificial Intelligencedevelops day by day and such a system gains even more importance.
37.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : 1‐mm Diameter, Full‐color Scanning Fiber Pico Projector (2009)

Abstract Media playback capabilities of mobile devices demand a large display in a small package. We have developed a 1‐mm x 9‐mm scan engine, projecting full‐color images through a vibrating optical fiber tip and miniature lens system. Connected by optical fiber, the projection head and RGB light sources can be distributed across the mobile device.
COMPARISON OF PROLACTIN LEVELS IN HUMAN SEMEN AND SEMINAL PLASMA (1979)

Semen samples were collected from 35 men and the levels of prolactin in semen and seminal plasma were measured. There was no significant difference in prolactin concentrations between the two fluids (t = 0.333, P greater than 0.7). There was also no correlation between the prolactin concentration and the kinematic viscosity of the semen (r = 0.065, P greater than 0.7).
Reduction of <i>mdrl</i> Gene Amplification in Human Multidrug-Resistant LoVo DX Cell Line Is Promoted by Triple Helix-Forming Oligonucleotides (1999)

We have demonstrated previously that the GT triplex-forming oligodeoxyribonucleotide (TFO) d(TGTGTTTTTGTTTTGTTGGTTTTGTTT), named TFO ID, targeted to a polypyrimidine-polypurine coding sequence located within human multidrug-resistance mdrl gene, specifically and significantly reduced mdrl mRNA levels in the drug-resistant T-leukemic CEM-VLB100 cell line. In this article, we demonstrate that TFO 1D is effective at inhibiting not only transcription but also replication of mdrl genes, leading to a loss of amplified gene copies in the drug-resistant colon adenocarcinoma LoVo DX cell line. In contrast, TFO ID does not alter replication of the constitutive mdrl gene copy in the corresponding parental sensitive LoVo 109 cell line. A specific reduction in mdrl gene amplification levels was also obtained with the pyrimidine TFO d(CTTTTTCTTTTCTTCCTTTTCTTT), named TFO 24TC, directed against the same polypyrimidine-polypurine sequence of the mdrl gene. We suggest that triple helix-forming oligonucleotides might affect the replication of unstable chromosomal elements as amplicons in actively replicating cells by causing a local impairment of DNA polymerase activity. This study lends support to the notion that TFO may be used to reduce gene amplification aiming to control neoplastic progression in cancer cells bearing amplified oncogenes.
Differentiation factors that influence neuronal markers expression in vitro from human amniotic epithelial cells (2010)

The differentiation of neural cells from embryonic stem cells is influenced by several growth factors. Amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) share many of the same characteristics as embryonic stem cells, and therefore those factors may similarly affect the derivation of neural cells from AECs. In this study, we examined the differentiation of neural cells in vitro from AECs following AECs treatment with retinoic acid (RA), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) as well as investigation of bFGF withdrawal on neuronal differentiation. We also studied whether blocking bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling using its antagonist, noggin, affects the derivation of neuronal cells from AECs. The effects of serum on the rate of neural markers expression were also examined. Analysis of AECs derived neurons was performed at some neural markers expression level by immunocytochemistry. All cultures treated with noggin showed the higher levels of neural markers expression than noggin free cultures. Combined treatment with bFGF and RA showed the highest level of neural markers in all treatment groups with or without noggin. bFGF withdrawal did not promote expression of neural markers, while its maintenance increased the expression of these markers. Serum-free condition decreased the viability of cells but increased the rate of neural markers expression. These results show the capability of AECs to express neural cell markers and this ability is affected by some factors including serum, noggin, bFGF and RA.
Association of the interferon-β gene with pericentromeric heterochromatin is dynamically regulated during virus infection through a YY1-dependent mechanism (2012)

Nuclear architecture as well as gene nuclear positioning can modulate gene expression. In this work, we have analyzed the nuclear position of the interferon-β (IFN-β) locus, responsible for the establishment of the innate antiviral response, with respect to pericentromeric heterochromatin (PCH) in correlation with virus-induced IFN-β gene expression. Experiments were carried out in two different cell types either non-infected (NI) or during the time course of three different viral infections. In NI cells, we showed a monoallelic IFN-β promoter association with PCH that strongly decreased after viral infection. Dissociation of the IFN-β locus away from these repressive regions preceded strong promoter transcriptional activation and was reversible within 12 h after infection. No dissociation was observed after infection with a virus that abnormally maintained the IFN-β gene in a repressed state. Dissociation induced after virus infection specifically targeted the IFN-β locus without affecting the general structure and nuclear distribution of PCH clusters. Using cell lines stably transfected with wild-type or mutated IFN-β promoters, we identified the proximal region of the IFN-β promoter containing YY1 DNA-binding sites as the region regulating IFN-β promoter association with PCH before as well as during virus infection.
High-temperature operation of polycrystalline diamond field-effect transistors (1993)

Operation of polycrystalline diamond field-effect transistors (FETs) at temperatures up to 285 degrees C and drain-to-source voltages of up to 100 V has been demonstrated. The devices were fabricated from B-doped polycrystalline diamond grown by a microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. At 150 degrees C, the devices exhibited saturation of drain current and a peak transconductance of 65 nS/mm. These are the first polycrystalline diamond devices to demonstrate saturation. Device characteristics at 250 degrees C also show saturation and increased transconductance of 300 nS/mm. Characterization was not performed at temperatures exceeding 285 degrees C due to gate leakage current above 10 nA.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Integrated twin-guide AlGaAs laser with multiheterostructure (1975)

An integrated twin-guide (ITG) laser which has an active waveguide for laser oscillation and an external waveguide for the light output is proposed as an integrated-optics laser or as a new semiconductor laser, and its properties are investigated theoretically and experimentally. ITG lasers were constructed in the form of an AlGaAs multiheterostructure, and their preliminary characteristics were obtained with both optical pumping and current injection at room temperature. The end mirrors of the active waveguide were fabricated by a back-sputtering method. The axial mode selectivity was predicted by the analysis and observed experimentally.
The Crystal Structure of Topaz (1928)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Bausteine von Oligosacchariden. Synthese α‐glykosidisch verknüpfter 2‐Aminozucker‐Oligosaccharide (1975)

α‐Glykoside von 2‐Aminozuckern ließen sich bisher nur auf Umwegen synthetisieren. Blockiert man die Aminogruppe jedoch durch Umwandlung in eine Azidogruppe und bildet das 1‐Chlorderivat (1) des so geschützten Zuckers, so gelingt die direkte α‐Glykosidsynthese mit guter Ausbeute und hoher Selektivität. magnified image
The influence of feature sidewall tolerance on minimum absorber thickness for LIGA x-ray masks (1999)

Minimizing mask absorber thickness is an important practical concern in producing very small features by the LIGA process. To assist in this minimization, we have developed coupled numerical models describing both the exposure and development of a thick polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resist. The exposure model addresses multi-wavelength, one-dimensional x-ray transmission through multiple beam filters, through the mask substrate and absorber, and the subsequent attenuation and photon absorption in the PMMA resist. The development model describes one-dimensional dissolution of a feature and its sidewalls, taking into account the variation in absorbed dose through the PMMA thickness. These exposure and development models are coupled in a single interactive code, permitting the automated adjustment of mask absorber thickness to yield a prescribed sidewall taper or dissolution distance. We have used this tool to compute the minimum required absorber thickness yielding a prescribed sidewall tolerance for exposures performed at the ALS, SSRL and NSLS synchrotron sources. Results are presented as a function of the absorbed dose for a range of the prescribed sidewall tolerance, feature size, PMMA thickness, mask substrate thickness and the development temperature.
Ant Agents for Hybrid Multipath Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2005)

In this paper we describe AntHocNet, an algorithm for routing in mobile ad hoc networks based on ideas from the nature-inspired ant colony optimization framework. The algorithm consists of both reactive and proactive components. In a reactive path setup phase, multiple paths are built between the source and destination of a data session. Data are stochastically spread over the different paths, according to their estimated quality. During the course of the session, paths are continuously monitored and improved in a proactive way. Link failures are dealt with locally. The algorithm makes extensive use of ant-like mobile agents which sample full paths between source and destination nodes in a Monte Carlo fashion. We report results of simulation experiments in which we have studied the behavior of AntHocNet and AODV as a function of node mobility, terrain size and number of nodes. According to the observed results, AntHocNet outperforms AODV both in terms of end-to-end delay and delivery ratio.
Angiogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia (2000)

We have read with interest the report of Padro et al[1][1] showing an increased angiogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia. Recently, other studies published in Blood also have shown that angiogenesis in acute myeloid leukemias is higher than in controls[2][2] and that it has an independent prognostic
Application of dry film resist in the fabrication of microfluidic chips for droplet generation (2009)

The combined use of film transparency masks and dry laminar resist (Shipley 5038) has enabled the rapid fabrication of prototype devices for droplet generation. The resolution limit of structures in the resist was controlled by the type of mask (transparency or electron beam Cr mask), the density of the pattern in transparency masks (2400 or 5080 dpi) and the thickness of the resist in the range of 35-140 ?m. Flow-focusing devices with master patterns based on dry film resist were replicated as a Ni shim and hot embossed into Plexiglas 99524. These devices were used to generate oil/water droplets with a well-defined dependence of diameter and frequency on the flow parameters.
Gunslinger (2015)

We describe Gunslinger, a mid-air interaction technique using barehand postures and gestures. Unlike past work, we explore a relaxed arms-down position with both hands interacting at the sides of the body. It features "hand-cursor" feedback to communicate recognized hand posture, command mode and tracking quality; and a simple, but flexible hand posture recognizer. Although Gunslinger is suitable for many usage contexts, we focus on integrating mid-air gestures with large display touch input. We show how the Gunslinger form factor enables an interaction language that is equivalent, coherent, and compatible with large display touch input. A four-part study evaluates Midas Touch, posture recognition feedback, pointing and clicking, and general usability.
Analysis of Cooked Flavor and Odorants Contributing to the Koku Taste of Seasoning Soy Sauce (2013)

市販つゆとコク強度が異なる二種類の自作つゆの加熱香気成分の分析を行った．AEDA 法ではロースト様，スモーキー様，サワー様のいずれかの香気特性を有する香気化合物が多く検出された．ロースト様の香気には主としてピラジン類が寄与していた．サワー様の香気特性では 3-Methylbutanol，Acetic acid，2-Furanmethanol が高い寄与を示した．したがって，これらの揮発性化合物の総和がつゆの加熱香気の形成に重要な役割を果たしていることが示唆された．同定されたつゆの加熱香気成分の中から，つゆのコクに寄与する化合物の探索を行った．コク強度が異なる二種類の自作つゆ間で定量値に有意差が認められた化合物，または FD factor に差が見られた化合物の中から 10種の化合物を選択し，0.5 % NaClと0.3 % Glu-Na を含む水溶液中に添加し，二点試験法によりコク寄与成分の選別を行った．これより，2-Acetylfuran，2-Ethylhexanol，1-Octen-3-ol に対しコクへの寄与が認められた．また，香気が感じられない状態では，これらの化合物を添加したつゆでコクの知覚強度に有意な差が見られず，“香り”がコクの形成や増強に寄与していることが示された．
An Approach for Integrating Kerberized non Web-based Services with Web-based Identity Federations (2015)

Many identity federations are designed to be used with web browsers. This paper proposes an approach for integrating non web-based applications with web-based identity federations using Kerberos protocol. We evaluate this approach by making NFS server available for users of SAML-based identity federation of Baden-Württemberg state of Germany. We make use of LDAP-Facade software for federating non web-based services. We have modified the web-interface component of LDAP-Facade to enable the registration with kerberized services. Our approach can be used without modifications on the client side. Copyright © 2015 SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications. All rights reserved.
A novel digital scanning microscope (2011)

A novel digital scanning microscope (DSM) for observing cellular fluorescent micro-images is proposed and manufactured in this study. DSM applied in the biomedical field has been designed based on a concept of fast access time of an optical pick-up head (PUH) in optical disc devices; hence, DSM has been developed based on a blue-ray PUH module with a triaxial scanning actuator (TSA) system. High-resolution and high-speed scanning is effectively realized by TSA system instead of utilizing high-precision transpose stage mechanism. In consequent, a PUH module can work with a time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) module and serve as DSM for detecting fluorescent signals on samples.
Aerostat Sampling of PCDD/PCDF Emissions from the Gulf Oil Spill In Situ Burns (2010)

Emissions from the in situ burning of oil in the Gulf of Mexico after the catastrophic failure of the Deepwater Horizon drilling platform were sampled for polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF). A battery-operated instrument package was lofted into the plumes of 27 surface oil fires over a period of four days via a tethered aerostat to determine and characterize emissions of PCDD/PCDF. A single composite sample resulted in an emission factor of 2.0 ng toxic equivalency (TEQ) per kg of carbon burned, or 1.7 ng TEQ per kg of oil burned, determined by a carbon balance method. Carbon was measured as CO(2) plus particulate matter, the latter of which has an emission factor of 0.088 kg/kg carbon burned. The average plume concentration approximately 200-300 m from the fire and about 75-200 m above sea level was <0.0002 ng TEQ/m(3).