gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Alpha 21264: a 500 MHz out-of-order execution microprocessor (2002)

The paper describes the internal organization of the 21264, a 500 MHz, out of order, quad fetch, six way issue microprocessor. The aggressive cycle time of the 21264 in combination with many architectural innovations, such as out of order and speculative execution, enable this microprocessor to deliver an estimated 30 SpecInt95 and 50 SpecFp95 performance. In addition, the 21264 can sustain 5+ Gigabytes/sec of bandwidth to an L2 cache and 3+ Gigabytes/sec to memory for high performance on memory-intensive applications.
Free-Form Mirror Design Inspired by Photometric Stereo (2008)

International audience
The correlation of membranous glycoprotein-gp-170, cytoplasmic glutathione and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels with multidrug resistance in transitional cell carcinoma cell lines of the urinary tract. (1997)

The expression of membranous glycoprotein gp-170, cytoplasmic glutathione (GSH) and energy-related glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) in cultured normal urothelial cells and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell lines was analyzed by flow cytometric and enzymatic methods. The chemosensitivity of these tumor cells to four major types of anticancer drugs, including cisplatin, thiotepa, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and vinblastine, was correlated with biological activities in TCC cell lines. The TCC cell lines displayed a general sensitivity to anticancer drugs with a low incidence of highly resistant cell lines (23%). The expression of multidrug resistance was not related to cellular differentiation or invasiveness of cancer cells. Only 24% of TCC cell lines had an elevated expression of gp-170, but their expression was not related to drug resistance. Increased cytoplasmic GSH and G-6-PD was observed in over 90 per cent of TCC cell lines, but no correlation with drug resistance and cellular differentiation was observed. The biological activities of GSH and G-6-PD were not related to the drug resistance of TCC. The low expression rate of gp-170 in TCC cells indicates that other mechanisms should be involved in the development of MDR in TCC cells.
The feasibility test of state-of-the-art face detection algorithms for vehicle occupant detection (2009)

Vehicle seat occupancy detection systems are designed to prevent the deployment of airbags at unoccupied seats, thus avoiding the considerable cost imposed by the replacement of airbags. Occupancy detection can also improve passenger comfort, e.g. by activating air-conditioning systems. The most promising development perspectives are seen in optical sensing systems which have become cheaper and smaller in recent years. The most plausible way to check the seat occupancy by occupants is the detection of presence and location of heads, or more precisely, faces. This paper compares the detection performances of the three most commonly used and widely available face detection algorithms: Viola- Jones, Kienzle et al. and Nilsson et al. The main objective of this work is to identify whether one of these systems is suitable for use in a vehicle environment with variable and mostly non-uniform illumination conditions, and whether any one face detection system can be sufficient for seat occupancy detection. The evaluation of detection performance is based on a large database comprising 53,928 video frames containing proprietary data collected from 39 persons of both sexes and different ages and body height as well as different objects such as bags and rearward/forward facing child restraint systems.
Redox‐sensitive GFP in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> is a quantitative biosensor for the redox potential of the cellular glutathione redox buffer (2007)

The cellular glutathione redox buffer is assumed to be part of signal transduction pathways transmitting environmental signals during biotic and abiotic stress, and thus is essential for regulation of metabolism and development. Ratiometric redox-sensitive GFP (roGFP) expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana reversibly responds to redox changes induced by incubation with H(2)O(2) or DTT. Kinetic analysis of these redox changes, combined with detailed characterization of roGFP2 in vitro, shows that roGFP2 expressed in the cytosol senses the redox potential of the cellular glutathione buffer via glutaredoxin (GRX) as a mediator of reversible electron flow between glutathione and roGFP2. The sensitivity of roGFP2 toward the glutathione redox potential was tested in vivo through manipulating the glutathione (GSH) content of wild-type plants, through expression of roGFP2 in the cytosol of low-GSH mutants and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of wild-type plants, as well as through wounding as an example for stress-induced redox changes. Provided the GSH concentration is known, roGFP2 facilitates the determination of the degree of oxidation of the GSH solution. Assuming sufficient glutathione reductase activity and non-limiting NADPH supply, the observed almost full reduction of roGFP2 in vivo suggests that a 2.5 mm cytosolic glutathione buffer would contain only 25 nm oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG). The high sensitivity of roGFP2 toward GSSG via GRX enables the use of roGFP2 for monitoring stress-induced redox changes in vivo in real time. The results with roGFP2 as an artificial GRX target further suggest that redox-triggered changes of biologic processes might be linked directly to the glutathione redox potential via GRX as the mediator.
The origin of the configurational instability of 1-silyl-1-alkenyllithiums and related alkenylmetals (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe origin of the configurational instability of 1-silyl-1-alkenyllithiums and related alkenylmetalsEiichi. Negishi and Tamotsu. TakahashiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 12, 3402–3408Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00272a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00272a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views649Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Accreditation Criteria and Forensics: Essential Principles for Directors of Forensics (2010)

Assessment pressures abound for all institutions of higher learning. During her tenure as Secretary of Education, Margaret Spellings frequently called for transparency and greater accountability in our colleges and universities. This paper review each of the criteria for accreditation established by the Higher Learning Commission, putting our teams and events to the test to determine our activity's ability to meet each of the criteria and contribute to our academic mission, vision, and objectives. The skills and knowledge derived from forensics, in particular the limited preparation events, provide evidence of engaging and challenging our students and creating effective learning environments for students who "live and work in a global, diverse, and technological society."
Novel Actively Tuned Resonant Filter Based Buck Converter Using Tunable Capacitor (2018)

In power electronic converters, resonant filters can be significantly smaller compared to the conventional low-pass filters. Such improvement is achieved due to the high attenuation offered by the resonant filter at the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) frequency or switching frequency of the power converter. However in traditional resonant filters, due to the variation of filter component values under dynamic operating conditions, the high attenuation at the switching frequency cannot be maintained. In prior research, Tuned Resonant Filter (TRF) based on tunable capacitor has been introduced to address this problem. Tunable capacitor is intended to compensate the variations of the filter components. In this work, a novel control scheme for resonant filters with tunable capacitor is proposed that can automatically tune the capacitor value to achieve the desired filter performances under varying operating conditions. The proposed control scheme is realized through combination of tank voltage sensing, feedback, PI controller and driver circuits that can regulate capacitor bias voltage such that the effective impedance of the resonant filter is tuned to achieve the intended filtering operation. Analysis, design, and implementation of the proposed control scheme in a synchronous buck converter are presented to demonstrate an efficient circuit implementation. Experimental results are presented to validate the hypothesis that the proposed controller can successfully provide automatic tuning of the resonant filter under changing operating conditions and maintain the desired filter performance.
Endotoxin and Cancer (2009)

In view of the current state of knowledge, it would be premature to recommend endotoxin as a cancer-chemopreventive agent. Nonetheless, further epidemiologic and experimental investigations that can clarify further dose-effect and exposure-timing relations could have substantial public health and basic biomedical benefits.
Time perception during walking in virtual environments (2014)

A large body of literature has analyzed differences between perception in the real world and virtual environments (VE) in terms of space, distance and speed perception. So far, no empirical data has been collected for time misperception in immersive VEs to our knowledge. However, there is evidence that time perception can deviate from veridical judgments, for instance, due to visual or auditive stimulation related to motion misperception. In this work we evaluate time perception during walking motions with a pilot study in an immersive head-mounted display (HMD) environment. Significant differences between time judgments in the real and virtual environment could not be observed.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Prodrugs of Benzoylphenylureas. (1994)

Various benzoylphenylurea derivatives were synthesized as candidate prodrugs and their antitumor activities were examined in vivo against P388 leukemia. All of the prodrugs were soluble in most organic solvents and showed good antitumor activities against P388 leukemia cells in mice when dosed intraperitoneally or orally.
Melatonin treatment reduces astrogliosis and apoptosis in rats with traumatic brain injury. (2015)

In total, the present findings suggest that melatonin treatment following TBI diminishes astrocyte reactivity and neuronal cells apoptosis in brain cortex in the rat model.
Knowledge of and Compliance with Standard Precautions by Nurses in Intensive Care Unit (2010)

Purpose: This study was done to identify the intensive care unit nurses' knowledge of and compliance with the standard precautions (universal precaution) as stated in infection control guidelines. Method: From September 14 to September 28, 2006, data were collected via a questionnaire survey from 189 Intensive Care Unit nurses working at three university branch hospitals and one general hospital in Gyeonggi province. Results: The mean knowledge score was 18.8/20.0 (93.9%). The mean compliance score was 3.4/4.0 (85.8%). Two factors influencing compliance were perception of the standard precautions and experience of needle stick injuries over the past year (p
Vector Instruction Set Extensions for Efficient and Reliable Computation of Keccak (2016)

Recent processor architectures such as Intel Westmere (and later) and ARMv8 include instruction-level support for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), for the Secure Hashing Standard (SHA-1, SHA2) and for carry-less multiplication. These crypto-instructions are optimized for a single algorithm and provide significant performance improvements over software written using general-purpose instruction set. However, today's secure systems and protocols do not rely on just one, but a suite of many cryptographic applications that are expected to work in a correct and reliable manner. In this work, we propose a new instruction set for supporting efficient and reliable cryptography on modern processors. For efficiency, we propose flexible instruction set extensions for Keccak, a cryptographic kernel for hashing, authenticated encryption, key-stream generation and random-number generation. Keccak is the basis of the SHA-3 standard and the newly proposed Keyak and Ketje authenticated ciphers. For reliability, we propose a set of trusted instructions to verify the integrity of a cryptographic software library. These instructions are aimed at detecting tamper in the software or in the configurable hardware. We develop the instruction extensions for a 128-bit interface, commonly available in the vector processing unit of many modern processors. Simulation results on GEM5 architectural simulator show that the proposed instructions not only improves the performance of Keccak applications by 2 times (over NEON programming) and 6 times (over assembly programming), but also improves the reliability of applications at a performance overhead of just 6%.
Solution structure of GRO/melanoma growth stimulatory activity determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy (1994)

The three-dimensional solution structure of the growth-related protein-alpha/melanoma growth stimulatory activity (GRO/MGSA) has been solved by two-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The GRO/MGSA monomer consists of an NH2-terminal loop, a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet, and a COOH-terminal alpha-helix. Dimerization, which is apparent under the experimental conditions used (2 mM, pH 5.10, 30 degrees C), results in a six-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and a pair of helices with 2-fold symmetry. While the basic fold is similar to that seen for interleukin-8 (IL-8) (Clore, G. M., Appella, E., Yamada, M., Matsushima, K., and Gronenborn, A. M. (1990) Biochemistry, 29, 1689-1696), there are differences in the ELR motif (residues 6-8), the turn involving residues 31-36, which is linked to the NH2-terminal region through the 9-35 disulfide bond. The most significant differences are in the NH2-terminal loop (residues 12-23). In IL-8, all the corresponding regions have been shown to be required for receptor binding (Clark-Lewis, I., Dewald, B., Loetscher, M., Moser, B., and Baggiolini, M. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 16075-16081). The structural differences thus have been identified between GRO/MGSA and IL-8 could contribute to their different receptor binding specificities.
Percutaneous implants with porous titanium dermal barriers: An <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of infection risk (2010)

Osseointegrated percutaneous implants are a promising prosthetic alternative for a subset of amputees. However, as with all percutaneous implants, they have an increased risk of infection since they breach the skin barrier. Theoretically, host tissues could attach to the metal implant creating a barrier to infection. When compared with smooth surfaces, it is hypothesized that porous surfaces improve the attachment of the host tissues to the implant, and decrease the infection risk. In this study, four titanium implants, manufactured with a percutaneous post and a subcutaneous disk, were placed subcutaneously on the dorsum of eight New Zealand White rabbits. Beginning at four weeks post-op, the implants were inoculated weekly with 10(8) CFU Staphylococcus aureus until signs of clinical infection presented. While we were unable to detect a difference in the incidence of infection of the porous metal implants, smooth surface (no porous coating) percutaneous and subcutaneous components had a 7-fold increased risk of infection compared to the implants with a porous coating on one or both components. The porous coated implants displayed excellent tissue ingrowth into the porous structures; whereas, the smooth implants were surrounded with a thick, organized fibrotic capsule that was separated from the implant surface. This study suggests that porous coated metal percutaneous implants are at a significantly lower risk of infection when compared to smooth metal implants. The smooth surface percutaneous implants were inadequate in allowing a long-term seal to develop with the soft tissue, thus increasing vulnerability to the migration of infecting microorganisms.
Modeling of chemical mechanical polishing for shallow trench isolation (2000)

Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.
Tattoo skin cross - correlation neural network (2014)

The soft biometric traits such as distinctive skin markings, tattoos based on its visual and demographic of tattoo are mostly used to identify a suspect or a victim in forensic sciences. Nevertheless, in many scenarios, police investigators type in the description of a suspect's tattoo based on text search, therefore these classifications make it difficult to recognize associated tattoo, for example, tattoos' criminal gangs. This paper proposed the tattoo skin recognition using cross - correlation neural network. This method has been designed into two steps: (1) the pre - processing part is keypoints feature extraction to distinguish tattoos from human skin and (2) the recognition process applies with cross-correlation neural network to classify and recognize the familiar tattoos. The tattoos database collected from prisoners in prison ministry, THAILAND. The experimental results indicated that the cross-correlation neural network outperforms the other methodologies by a wide margin. The overall accuracy obtained approximately 90.23% for tattoo skin recognition.
Parasitic bipolar turn-on of PD-SOI MOSFETs in dynamic logic circuits (2002)

Due to its reduction in junction capacitance, increased current drive, and higher transconductance, SOI is very well suited to applications in high-speed digital logic circuits. Coupled with the common practice of utilizing dynamic logic in critical circuit pathways, one should expect SOI to have a very large impact on speeding up circuit blocks if it is applied to dynamic logic. Specifically, PD-SOI would be a better candidate as opposed to FD-SOI as it has better threshold control. However, this work will report for the first time erroneous operation of PD-SOI dynamic logic circuits resulting from the floating body induced turn-on of the parasitic bipolar transistor. In addition, potential solutions to overcome this unwanted bipolar leakage of stored charge will also be presented.
Short-term electroacupuncture at Zusanli resets the arterial baroreflex neural arc toward lower sympathetic nerve activity (2006)

Although electroacupuncture reduces sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and arterial pressure (AP), the effects of electroacupuncture on the arterial baroreflex remain to be systematically analyzed. We investigated the effects of electroacupuncture of Zusanli on the arterial baroreflex using an equilibrium diagram comprised of neural and peripheral arcs. In anesthetized, vagotomized, and aortic-denervated rabbits, we isolated carotid sinuses and changed intra-carotid sinus pressure (CSP) from 40 to 160 mmHg in increments of 20 mmHg/min while recording cardiac SNA and AP. Electroacupuncture of Zusanli was applied with a pulse duration of 5 ms and a frequency of 1 Hz. An electric current 10 times the minimal threshold current required for visible muscle twitches was used and was determined to be 4.8 +/- 0.3 mA. Electroacupuncture for 8 min decreased SNA and AP (n = 6). It shifted the neural arc (i.e., CSP-SNA relationship) to lower SNA but did not affect the peripheral arc (i.e., SNA-AP relationship) (n = 8). SNA and AP at the closed-loop operating point, determined by the intersection of the neural and peripheral arcs, decreased from 100 +/- 4 to 80 +/- 9 arbitrary units and from 108 +/- 9 to 99 +/- 8 mmHg (each P < 0.005), respectively. Peroneal denervation eliminated the shift of neural arc by electroacupuncture (n = 6). Decreasing the pulse duration to <2.5 ms eliminated the effects of SNA and AP reduction. In conclusion, short-term electroacupuncture resets the neural arc to lower SNA, which moves the operating point toward lower AP and SNA under baroreflex closed-loop conditions.
Laboratory Quality Optical Analysis in Harsh Environments (2012)

Abstract Significant advances have been made in formation testing since the introduction of wireline pumpout testers (WLPT), particularly with respect to downhole fluid compositional measurements. Optical sensors and the use of spectroscopic methods have been developed to improve sample quality and minimize sampling time in downhole environments. As a laboratory technique, spectroscopy is a ubiquitous and powerful technology that has been used worldwide for decades to measure the physical and chemical properties of many materials, including petroleum, geological, and hydrological samples. However, laboratory-grade, high-resolution spectrometers are incompatible with the hostile environments encountered downhole, at wellheads, and on pipelines. Only limited resolution techniques are available for the rugged conditions of the oil field. This paper introduces a new optical technology that can provide high-resolution, laboratory-quality analyses in harsh oilfield environments. A new technology for optical sensing, multivariate optical computing (MOC), has been developed and is a non-spectroscopic technique. This new sensing method uses an integrated computation element (ICE) to combine the power and accuracy of high-resolution, laboratory-quality spectrometers with the ruggedness and simplicity of photometers. Many modern sensors typically merge the sensor with the electronics on an integrated computing chip to perform complex computations, resulting in an elegant yet simplistic design. Now, optical sensing using ICE features an analogue optical computation device to provide a direct, simple, and powerful mathematical computation on the optical information, completely within the optical domain. Because the entire optical range of interest is used without dispersing the light spectrum, the measurements are obtained instantly and rival laboratory-quality results. A proof of concept MOC with ICE has been demonstrated, logging more than 7,000 hours, in nearly continuous use for 14 months. Oils with gravities ranging from 14 to 65°API have been measured in downhole environments that range from 3,000 to 20,000 psi, and from 150 to 350°F. Hydrocarbon composition measurements, including saturates, aromatics, resins, asphaltenes, methane, and ethane, have been demonstrated using the MOC configuration. As compositional calculations therein, GOR and density are validated to within 14 scf/bbl and 1%, respectively. The paper discusses the details of the new ICE-based sensor and describes its adaptations to downhole applications.