gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting of MCL-1 kills MYC-driven mouse and human lymphomas even when they bear mutations in <i>p53</i> (2014)

The transcriptional regulator c-MYC is abnormally overexpressed in many human cancers. Evasion from apoptosis is critical for cancer development, particularly c-MYC-driven cancers. We explored which anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family member (expressed under endogenous regulation) is essential to sustain c-MYC-driven lymphoma growth to reveal which should be targeted for cancer therapy. Remarkably, inducible Cre-mediated deletion of even a single Mcl-1 allele substantially impaired the growth of c-MYC-driven mouse lymphomas. Mutations in p53 could diminish but not obviate the dependency of c-MYC-driven mouse lymphomas on MCL-1. Importantly, targeting of MCL-1 killed c-MYC-driven human Burkitt lymphoma cells, even those bearing mutations in p53. Given that loss of one allele of Mcl-1 is well tolerated in healthy tissues, our results suggest that therapeutic targeting of MCL-1 would be an attractive therapeutic strategy for MYC-driven cancers.
Towards a 3-D Graphics Workstation (1986)

A voxel-map based architecture which lays the foundations for a 3-D graphics workstation,called the CUBE Workstation, is presented. The architecture is centered around a largecubic frame-buffer of voxels, operated on by three processors: a 9-D Geometry Processorwhich scan-converts geometric objects into their voxel representation, a 9-D Frame-BufferProcessor which manipulates the voxel-based images and controls interaction, and a 9-DViewing Processor which projects the images on a 2-D monitor. Two other supportingprocessors, the 2-D Frame-Buffer Processor which manipulates the 2-D images and theColor Transform Processor which handles color transformations, are also introduced.
Negative regulation of defence signalling pathways by the EDR1 protein kinase (2011)

The enhanced disease resistance 1 (edr1) mutant of Arabidopsis confers enhanced resistance to bacterial and fungal pathogens. To better understand how edr1-mediated resistance occurs, we performed transcriptome analyses on wild-type and edr1 plants inoculated with the fungal pathogen Golovinomyces cichoracearum (powdery mildew). The expression of many known and putative defence-associated genes was more rapidly induced, and to higher levels, in edr1 plants relative to the wild-type. Many of the genes with elevated expression encoded WRKY transcription factors and there was enrichment for their binding sites in promoters of the genes upregulated in edr1. Confocal microscopy of transiently expressed EDR1 protein showed that a significant fraction of EDR1 was localized to the nucleus, suggesting that EDR1 could potentially interact with transcription factors in the nucleus. Analysis of gene ontology annotations revealed that genes associated with the endomembrane system, defence, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and protein kinases were induced early in the edr1 mutant, and that elevated expression of the endomembrane system, defence and ROS-related genes was maintained for at least 4 days after infection.
Therapeutic efficacy of phenobarbital and primidone in canine epilepsy: a comparison (1985)

Schwartz‐Porsche, D., Löscher, W. & Frey, H.‐H. Therapeutic efficacy of phenobarbital and primidone in canine epilepsy: a comparison. J. vet. Pliannacol. Therap. 8, 113–119. The efficacy of phenobarbital and primidone against canine epilepsy was compared in a controlled study. Thirty‐five dogs showing generalized tonic‐clonic seizures (grand mal), treated for a minimum of 6 months, were included in the study; fifteen of these were treated with phenobarbital, the other twenty with primidone. Both drugs were dosed according to the clinical requirement; the daily doses ranged from 5‐17mg/kg phenobarbital and from 17‐70mg/kg primidone. The plasma concentrations of phenobarbital, or of primidone and its metabolites phenobarbital and phenylethylmalondiamide (PEMA), were routinely monitored. Complete control of tonic‐clonic seizures for 6 months, at least, was attained in six out of fifteen dogs of the phenobarbital group, and in five out of twenty dogs in the primidone group. A further six dogs on phenobarbital, and seven dogs on primidone, were classified as ‘improved’, i.e. the rate of seizures was reduced by at least 50%. The rest of the dogs were not improved by the treatment. The difference between the efficacy of phenobarbital and primidone was not significant, but primidone gave rise to signs of liver toxicity in fourteen out of twenty dogs, as indicated by considerable elevations of liver enzyme values (alanine transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase). Phenobarbital is, therefore, regarded as the drug of first choice for the treatment of canine epilepsy. Dr H.‐H. Frey, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, Koserstrafie 20, D‐1000 Berlin‐West 33, Germany.
ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR EFFECTIVE AMBULANCE SIRENS (2011)

Ambulances involved in collisions with motorists at intersections result in a number of negative outcomes including the inability to respond to the assigned emergency task, injury of people, and sometimes the loss of an operational appliance. The warning siren is perhaps the only non-visible device to alerting motorists approaching intersections of a converging ambulance. Acoustic measurements were conducted on several commercial-off-the-shelf sirens, a motor vehicle, and an ambulance, to characterise the noise transmission system. Tests were conducted in order to provide recommendations to improve the audibility and effectiveness of the warning signal. It is recommended that ambulance operators install sirens that broadcast sideways to the ambulance; that broadcast low frequencies so that the siren sound can penetrate into vehicle cabins; and that have signals with short repetition periods to convey high perceived-urgency.
A novel vehicular integrated power system realized with multi-port series ac link converter (2015)

In recent years, there has been a trend on developing the grid connected vehicles. The futuristic grid connected vehicles need onboard bidirectional power converters to charge their batteries and return the power to the grid during the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) operating mode. This paper extends the functionality of this onboard power converter to a multiport power converter that integrates all the vehicle's sources and loads into a vehicular integrated power system. This highly integrated power system has unique characteristics and brings new functionalities into the vehicle. The general concept of the vehicular integrated power system is introduced in this paper. This concept is realized through the multiport series ac link power converter topology. The fundamental operations are demonstrated through the developed modular experimental setup.
Mid-infrared InAs∕AlGaSb superlattice quantum-cascade lasers (2005)

We report on the demonstration of mid-infrared InAs∕AlGaSb superlattice quantum-cascade lasers operating at 10μm. The laser structures are grown on n-InAs (100) substrate by solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy. An InAs∕AlGaSb chirped superlattice structure providing a large oscillator strength and fast carrier depopulation is employed as the active part. The observed minimum threshold current density at 80K is 0.7kA∕cm2, and the maximum operation temperature in pulse mode is 270K. The waveguide loss of an InAs plasmon waveguide is estimated, and the factors that determine the operation temperature are discussed.
[Kynurenine protection against ethanol-induced disorders of the burrowing reflex in mice and rats]. (1991)

Ethanol (1 g/kg, orally) disturbed the hole reflex in male SHR and C57BL/6 mice and common albino rats increasing the time spent in the light part of a dark-light chamber. In mice this effect was often accompanied by an increase in number of transitions between dark and light compartments. Intraperitoneal pretreatment with endogenous metabolites of tryptophan in the kynurenine pathway of its metabolism (kynurenines)--kynurenic, picolinic and xanthurenic acids--attenuated the effect of ethanol in mice. Injection into the brain ventricles of the most active kynurenines from the group of excitatory amino acids, quinolinic acid and its precursor kynurenine, counteracted ethanol in mice and rats. The same was true in mice for intracerebroventricularly administered kynurenic, picolinic and xanthurenic acids.
Case studies in the use of ROC curve analysis for sensor-based estimates in human computer interaction (2005)

Applications that use sensor-based estimates face a fundamental tradeoff between true positives and false positives when examining the reliability of these estimates, one that is inadequately described by the straightforward notion of accuracy. To address this tradeoff, this paper examines the use of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, a method that has a long history but is under-appreciated in the human computer interaction research community. We present the fundamentals of ROC analysis, the use of the A' statistic to compute the area under an ROC curve, and the equivalence of A' to the Wilcoxon statistic. We then present several case studies, framed in the context of our work on human interruptibility, demonstrating how ROC analysis can yield better results than analyses based on accuracy. These case studies compare sensor-based estimates with human performance, optimize a feature selection process for the area under the ROC curve, and examine end-user selection of a desirable tradeoff.
Average Efficiency of Class-G Power Amplifiers (1986)

Class-G operation is an inexpensive and yet effective means of increasing the efficiency of audio power amplifiers (PAs) and amplitude modulators. A class-G PA consists of two or more parallel-connected class-B PAs with different supply voltages. Low-voltage segments of the signal are amplified by the low-voltage component of the amplifier, thus reducing power dissipation and increasing efficiency. The average efficiency of a class-G PA depends upon both the supply-voltage transition point and the amplitude distribution of the signal. Average efficiencies are computed for a number of signals that occur in AF amplification, full- carrier amplitude modulation, and envelope modulation of a linear RF PA. For typical peak-to-average ratios, an ideal, two-voltage class-G PA has average efficiencies in the range of 60 to 70 percent, in contrast to the 35 to 40 percent of an analogous class-B PA.
Synthesis of 4,4'-(Tetramethylenedicarbonyldiamino)hai-bis(1-decylpyridinium bromide) and Its Antimicrobial and Deodorant Characteristics. (2001)

A new bis-quaternary ammonium compound (bis-QAC), 4, 4'-(tetramethylenedicarbonyldiamino) bis (1-decylpyridinium bromide) (D-136) was synthesized, and its antimicrobial and deodorant characteristics were studied. A vinyl chloride polymer sheet containing D-136 (D-136 sheet) was prepared for practical use because D-136 exhibited a wide and effective antimicrobial spectrum of activity against both bacteria and fungi. The antibacterial and antifungal efficiency of the D-136 sheet was estimated according to the film covering method and the test for fungus resistance. Results showed that the growth of both bacteria and fungi was inhibited on the D-136 sheet. Furthermore, a model test for the deodorant efficiency of water-absorbing resins (SAP) containing D-136 (D-136 SAP) was done on the assumption that it might be applied for use in disposable diapers. To prevent the offensive odor arising from excreted urine in disposable diapers, it is necessary to inhibit the propagation of ureahydrolyzing bacteria in the water-absorbing layer. The microbe used for the experiment was Proteus mirabilis IFO 3849 which produces an enzyme (urease) capable of degrading urea and other compounds present in human urine to ammonia, methylamine and the like. As for the result of the model test, the generation of ammonia from human urine was inhibited on D-136 SAP.
Inkjet printing of polyurethane colloidal suspensions (2006)

An aqueous 40 wt% dispersion of polyurethane has been successfully printed at room temperature using a piezoelectric inkjet printer. Simple layered structures, as well as dots, were made and subsequently analyzed using white-light interferometry. A single layer was found to have a structure height of 10 µm; a value that suggests that this polyurethane dispersion may be suitable for use in rapid prototyping, since tall structures can be rapidly produced using only a few printing passes. Finally, by the simple addition of a water-soluble dye, colour gradients were produced using this printing technique.
First Interstate Intern Bowl Scheduled for San Francisco (1972)

Journal Article First Interstate Intern Bowl Scheduled for San Francisco Get access Linda Bentley Linda Bentley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laboratory Medicine, Volume 3, Issue 8, 1 August 1972, Page 18, https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/3.8.18 Published: 01 August 1972
Bioavailability of Pomegranate Polyphenols (2006)

Polyphenols are relevant constituents regarding the organoleptic properties of pomegranate arils and juice as they are responsible for the distinctive red pigmentation and provide a mild astringency that is characteristic of pomegranate flavor. The juice obtained from these arils contains anthocyanins (delphinidin, cyanidin, and pelargonidin 3-glucosides and 3,5-diglucosides), ellagic acid glycosides (ellagic acid glucoside, arabinoside, and rhamnoside), free ellagic acid (Figure 3.1), ellagitannins (several punicalagin isomers, punicalin, and some punicalagin polymeric forms) (Figure 3.2), and gallotannins. The husk and fruit membranes contain mainly ellagitannins that are water soluble (punicalagins),and small amounts of procyanidins (prodelphinidins and gallocatechin).
GaAs FET Applications for Injection-Locked Oscillators and Self-Oscillating Mixers (1979)

Injection-locked oscillators (ILO's) using GaAs FET's are described experimentally and theoretically, showing that a wider locking range can be obtained with transmission-type ILO's than with reffection-type, assuming Q/sub ext/, to the load to be the same in each case. Frequency-stabilized FET oscillators are discused in terms of the advantages gained by terminating the gate port by a 50-Omega load. Functioning as a self-oscillating mixer, the circuit showed a 9.5-dB (DSB) noise figure.
Supra-aggregates of Casein Micelles as a Prelude to Coagulation (1998)

Native casein micelles (i.e., the micelles in fresh milk) can be treated as a collection of polydisperse hard spheres. This follows from small angle neutron scattering, viscosity, diffusivity, and other measurements. Therefore, the equilibrium and transport properties of native casein micelles in an ultrafiltration permeate solvent can be described by theories developed for colloidal hard sphere dispersions because native casein micelles are sterically stabilized by a brush of k-casein (CN) molecules (and perhaps b-CN). The k-CN brush induces a very short-ranged or steep repulsion (it rises from zero to a large value) when two micelles meet each other. Electrostatic interactions are highly screened because of the high ionic strength (0.08 M) of skim milk. The colloidal properties of casein micelles change with the technological treatment applied to skim milk. This paper describes the consequences for the casein micelle properties of heating, renneting, and acidification. It appears that the properties of the micelles can be described generally by adopting the adhesive hard sphere model. In that model, the steep repulsive interaction of two micelles is preceded by a shortranged Van der Waals attraction. By relating the strength of the attraction to the degree of technological treatment (e.g., renneting time or pH changes), the colloidal properties of the micelles can be described simply by using adhesive hard sphere theory. This theory also predicts the phase behavior of such a system. For instance, it predicts correctly the gelation of casein micelles under various conditions. The adhesive hard sphere model allows a general and consistent understanding of the colloidal properties of casein micelles caused by technological treatments. The practical relevance of the models is illustrated with a few examples.
Chromosome copy number analysis in screening for prognosis‐related genomic regions in colorectal carcinoma (2008)

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains the major cause of cancer death in humans. Although chromosomal structural anomaly is presumed to play an important role in the carcinogenesis of CRC, chromosomal copy number alterations (CNA) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) have not yet been analyzed extensively at high resolution in CRC. Here we aim to identify recurrent CNA and LOH in human CRC with the use of single nucleotide polymorphism-typing microarrays, and to reveal their relevance to clinical outcome. Surgically resected CRC specimens and paired normal mucosa were obtained from a consecutive series of 94 patients with CRC, and both of them were subjected to genotyping with Affymetrix Mapping 50K arrays. CNA and LOH were inferred computationally on every single nucleotide polymorphism site by integrating the array data for paired specimens. Our large dataset reveals recurrent CNA in CRC at chromosomes 7, 8, 13, 18, and 20, and recurrent LOH at chromosomes 1p, 4q, 5q, 8p, 11q, 14q, 15q, 17p, 18, and 22. Frequent uniparental disomy was also identified in chromosomes 8p, 17p, and 18q. Very common CNA and LOH were present at narrow loci of <1 Mbp containing only a few genes. In addition, we revealed a number of novel CNA and LOH that were linked statistically to the prognosis of the patients. The precise and large-scale measurement of CNA and LOH in the CRC genome is efficient for pinpointing prognosis-related genome regions as well as providing a list of unknown genes that are likely to be involved in CRC development.
Machine Learning Enabled Fast Multi-Objective Optimization for Electrified Aviation Power System Design (2020)

With the rise of more electric and all-electric aviation power systems, engineering efforts of system optimization shift to the electrical domain. A substantial amount of time and resources are dedicated to finding the best system architecture and design specifications to meet energy efficiency goals and physical constraints. Current processes utilize models of power system components to determine the optimal designs. However, such modeling is computationally expensive as numerous iterations are required to settle on an optimal design. This paper proposes a machine learning (ML) enabled constrained multi-objective optimization solver to drastically reduce the amount of design iterations required for Pareto set discovery for power systems. The process contributes significantly to design automation. A heavy-duty vertical-takeoff-landing (VTOL) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) power system is selected to demonstrate the efficacy and limitation of ML enabled optimization. Two extreme trials were run: 1) a search throughout the entire design space with only 9% valid designs within constraints; 2) a search throughout the valid design space. While Trial 1 was unsuccessful in discovering the Pareto front, Trial 2 uncovered all Pareto optimal designs with a 99% reduction of iterations compared to a brute force method.
Detection of Anomalous Vital Sign of Elderly Using Hybrid K-Means Clustering and Isolation Forest (2018)

Age-related changes to vital signs indicate the possibility of a health condition which requires attention. A deviation from normal in vital signs might be an anomaly and indicate an important warning sign of changing health and indicators of the severity of illness that needs an immediate and reflexive response. Once anomalies are detected at the right time, the system will result in reflexive stimulus and will inform it to the care giver. It leads to the good and fast response of outcomes to save the patient's life. In this study, we proposed hybrid technique of K-Means clustering and isolation forest to detect anomalies. To evaluate the reliability of proposed hybrid technique, we compare existing isolation forest algorithm and hybrid technique of K-Means clustering and isolation forest on labeled datasets obtained from public. The results show that our hybrid technique is more sensitive in detecting anomalies. Applied on some labelled data, hybrid technique has lower error rate. For some labelled data, the hybrid technique has high error rate.
Regulation of Microtubule Destabilizing Activity of Op18/Stathmin Downstream of Rac1 (2004)

In the leading edge of migrating cells, a subset of microtubules exhibits net growth in a Rac1- and p21-activated kinase-dependent manner. Here, we explore the possibility of whether phosphorylation and inactivation of the microtubule-destabilizing protein Op18/stathmin could be a mechanism regulating microtubule dynamics downstream of Rac1 and p21-activated kinases. We find that, in vitro, Pak1 phosphorylates Op18/stathmin specifically at serine 16 and inactivates its catastrophe promoting activity in biochemical and time lapse microscopy microtubule assembly assays. Furthermore, phosphorylation of either serine 16 or 63 is sufficient to inhibit Op18/stathmin in vitro. In cells, the microtubule-destabilizing effect of an excess of Op18/stathmin can be partially overcome by expression of constitutively active Rac1(Q61L), which is dependent on Pak activity, suggesting that the microtubule cytoskeleton can be regulated through inactivation of Op18/stathmin downstream of Rac1 and Pak in vivo. However, in vivo, Pak1 activity alone is not sufficient to phosphorylate Op18, indicating that additional pathways downstream of Rac1 are required for Op18 regulation.
Serine-palmitoyl transferase activity in cultured human keratinocytes (1990)

Sphingolipids comprise approximately 25% of the stratum corneum lipids and are considered critical constituents of the epidermal permeability barrier. Whether sphingoid base structures are synthesized in the epidermis or whether they are derived from circulating or dermal sources is not known. We report here the initial characterization of serine-palmitoyl transferase (EC 2.3.1.50; SPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of sphingolipids, from cultured human neonatal keratinocytes. Subcellular fractionation studies demonstrated that 79% of the total cellular SPT activity was associated with the microsomes. The specific activity of keratinocyte SPT was 270 +/- 20 pmol/min per mg of microsomal protein, a level significantly higher than activities reported in other tissues. Keratinocyte SPT showed an apparent Km for L-serine of 0.40 (+/- 0.04 mM, with an alkaline pH optimum (8.2 +/- 0.4). Keratinocyte SPT utilizes palmitoyl-CoA preferentially over other saturated or unsaturated acyl-CoA substrates; increasing acyl-CoA chain lengths above C16 by one or two carbons was less detrimental to activity than similar decrements in chain length. Finally, the mechanism-based inhibitors L-cycloserine and beta-chloro-L-alanine, demonstrated potent inhibition of keratinocyte SPT activity, with 50% inhibitory concentrations of approximately 3.0 and 25 microM, respectively. In summary, we have found that cultured human neonatal keratinocytes contain unusually high levels of serine-palmitoyl transferase activity, and that the substrate specificity of keratinocyte SPT may determine the base composition of epidermal sphingolipids.
Temperature insensitive Er <sup>3+</sup> -doped optical fibre amplifiers (1990)

Temperature dependence of the gain at 1.536 μm in Er3+-doped fibre are reported for 0.98 and 1.48 μm pumping. The fibre lengths at which gain is temperature insensitive are found for both pump wavelengths. The temperature insensitive gain characteristics for 0.98 μm and 1.48 μm pumping are demonstrated to fibres tuned to their temperature insensitive lengths.