gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning, characterization, and overexpression of ERG7, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding lanosterol synthase. (1994)

We report the cloning, characterization, and overexpression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG7, which encodes lanosterol synthase [(S)-2,3-epoxysqualene mutase (cyclizing, lanosterol forming), EC 5.4.99.7], the enzyme responsible for the complex cyclization/rearrangement step in sterol biosynthesis. Oligonucleotide primers were designed corresponding to protein sequences conserved between Candida albicans ERG7 and the related Arabidopsis thaliana cycloartenol synthase [(S)-2,3-epoxysqualene mutase (cyclizing, cycloartenol forming), EC 5.4.99.8]. A PCR product was amplified from yeast genomic DNA using these primers and was used to probe yeast libraries by hybridization. Partial-length clones homologous to the two known epoxysqualene mutases were isolated, but a full-length sequence was found neither in cDNA nor genomic libraries, whether in phage or plasmids. Two overlapping clones were assembled to make a functional reconstruction of the gene, which contains a 2196-bp open reading frame capable of encoding an 83-kDa protein. The reconstruction complemented the erg7 mutation when driven from either its native promoter or the strong ADH1 promoter.
Travel-Time Prediction using Gaussian Process Regression: A Trajectory-Based Approach (2009)

This paper is concerned with the task of travel-time prediction for an arbitrary origin-destination pair on a map. Unlike most of the existing studies, which focus only on a particular link (road segment) with heavy traffic, our method allows us to probabilistically predict the travel time along an unknown path (a sequence of links) if the similarity between paths is defined as a kernel function. Our first innovation is to use a string kernel to represent the similarity between paths. Our second new idea is to apply Gaussian process regression for probabilistic travel-time prediction. We tested our approach with realistic traffic data.
Reactions of C60 with <i>α</i>-Silylamine Derivatives: Two Types of [3+2] Addition of Azomethine Ylides to C60 (1995)

Abstract Thermal [3+2] cycloaddition of C60 with α-silylamine derivatives proceeds smoothly under neutral conditions to afford fullerene-fused pyrrolidines and 1-pyrrolines in moderate to good yields. The new methods are effective for constructing fullerene derivatives containing bulky aryl-substituents.
Vote Buying and Corporate Law (1979)

In this article, Professor Clark delineates the majorfunctions ofshareholder voting rights, analyzes the benits and dangers which may attend shfis in votingpower, and assesses various ways that legal rules can magnify or regulate these benefits and dangers He concludes that the purchase 0/proxies should be permitted unless an objector can prove (1) that it will, in the particular case, present substantial danger that the corporation or some ofits shareholders will be treated unfairly and ( 2) that any increase in the corporation's value which may resultfrom the vote buying will not outweigh the dangers presented
Interactions of proliferation between vascular endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell of rabbits in vitro (2001)

ECCM and ET-1 significantly increased the proliferation of SMC in a dose-dependent manner with a maximal effect of (190±11)% (100% ECCM) and (166±9)% (100ng·L~(-1) ET-1) respectively. ECCM conditioned in the presence of phosphoramidon reduced the mitogenic effect by (33±2)%. SMCCM elicited a dose dependent decrease of cultured EC proliferation with a maximal effect of (78±3)% over basal level.
Assessing the Safety of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Transduced With a Dominant Negative Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor (2006)

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates cell growth, is secreted by many human tumors and markedly inhibits tumor-specific cellular immunity. It has previously been shown by our group that transduction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) with a retroviral vector expressing the dominant-negative TGFbeta type II receptor (DNR) overcomes this tumor evasion in a model of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive Hodgkin disease. TGFbeta is an important physiologic regulator of T-cell growth and survival, however, abrogation of this regulatory signal in genetically modified cells is potentially problematic. To ensure that unresponsiveness to TGFbeta did not lead to the unregulated growth of genetically modified CTLs, the characteristics of DNR-transduced CTLs in vivo were studied. Donor C57BL6 mice were vaccinated with human papillomavirus-E7 plasmid DNA to induce production of E7-specific CTLs. The E7-specific CTLs were genetically modified to express enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) or DNR and administered to syngeneic mice. All mice received monthly boosts with E7 DNA for 9 months, and during this time, transduced CTLs were detected in the peripheral blood of most of the mice using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. By 12 months, 3 months after cessation of vaccination, no DNR-transduced CTLs or GFP-transduced CTLs were detected in the peripheral blood. There were 4 cases of lymphoma (2 DNR-transduced mice and 2 control mice): all tumors were CD3-/CD8- and were also negative for the DNR transgene. Hence, mature antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells can be genetically modified to resist the antiproliferative effects of TGFbeta without undergoing spontaneous lymphoproliferation in vivo. They may be of value for treating human cancers, which use TGFbeta as a powerful immune evasion mechanism.
Feasibility of Deploying Inhaler Sensors to Identify the Impacts of Environmental Triggers and Built Environment Factors on Asthma Short-Acting Bronchodilator Use (2016)

Utilizing a sensor to capture the signal of rescue inhaler use in space-time offered a passive and objective signal of asthma activity. This approach enabled detailed analyses to identify environmental triggers and built environment factors that are associated with asthma symptoms beyond the residential address. The application of these new technologies has the potential to improve our surveillance and understanding of asthma. Citation: Su JG, Barrett MA, Henderson K, Humblet O, Smith T, Sublett JW, Nesbitt L, Hogg C, Van Sickle D, Sublett JL. 2017. Feasibility of deploying inhaler sensors to identify the impacts of environmental triggers and built environment factors on asthma short-acting bronchodilator use. Environ Health Perspect 125:254-261; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP266.
HIV-1 mutants escaping neutralization by the human antibodies 2F5, 2G12, and 4E10: in vitro experiments versus clinical studies (2005)

In summary, the findings of the in vivo study and the difficulty in generating multi-resistance in vitro together with the fact that some generated viruses seemed to have impaired replication fitness indicate that 2F5, 2G12, and 4E10 may be useful for therapy in HIV-1 infection.
In vitro -in vivo correlation and biopharmaceutical classification system (2011)

The Drug Development and Therapeutics (DDT) is an open access peer-reviewed journal committed to publishing high-quality articles in the field of Drug synthesis and development and Therapeutics from industry, Clinicians and Academia.
Power-dependent microwave properties of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−x films on buffered polycrystalline substrates (1997)

We have studied the microwave properties of 0.4 μm thick YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) films on polycrystalline substrates with ion-beam-assisted-deposited yttria-stabilized zirconia buffer layers using a parallel-plate resonator technique at 10 GHz. The YBCO films with similar in-plane texture grown on both forsterite and Ni-based alloy substrates show similar microwave properties. We measure low-power surface resistance Rs values of about 0.5 mΩ at 76 K and 0.15 mΩ at 4 K for films with an in-plane mosaic spread of about 7°. Single-tone power-dependence measurements show that the surface resistance and the surface reactance increase linearly and by the same amount with increasing microwave field level. At intermediate power levels, the intermodulation measurements show odd-order intermodulation products that increase quadratically with two-tone input power. These results indicate a hysteretic vortex penetration mechanism in the weak links as the most plausible source of the observed nonlinearities in these films.
Delphinidin and cyanidin inhibit PDGF<sub>AB</sub>‐induced VEGF release in vascular smooth muscle cells by preventing activation of p38 MAPK and JNK (2006)

Anthocyanins presenting a hydroxyl residue at position 3' are able to inhibit PDGF(AB)-induced VEGF expression by preventing activation of p38 MAPK and JNK in VSMCs.
The selective anticancer activity of the endogenous inhibitor of calcium-activated neutral proteinase. A histological, cytological and chemosensitivity study. (1994)

The cytotoxicity of an endogenous inhibitor of calcium-activated neutral proteinase (CANP-I) was evaluated using various mammalian tumor-derived cell lines and human cell cultures. The inhibitor was selectively cytotoxic to human tumor cells from lung, bladder, melanoma and chronic myeloid leukemia tissues, in a dose-dependent manner, and was also cytotoxic to Walker rat tumor cells. The inhibitor was not cytotoxic to normal human, urothelial, fallopian tube, liver and resting white blood cells. Cytological examination of the treated malignant cells revealed cells with vacuolated cytoplasm, pyknotic, hyperchromatic nuclei and membranous, granular haematoxylinophilic extracellular matrix. The use of the inhibitor on urothelial tumor tissues caused great exfoliation of necrotic cells while not affecting normal urothelial tissues. When the inhibitor was tested on mixed cell cultures, consisting of normal and malignant cell clones, a selective cytotoxicity to the malignant cells occurred allowing the normal cells to grow unaffected. Cytogenetic and cytological examination of the remaining cells, after the inhibitor treatment, showed normal diploid karyotype and morphology. The inhibitor was also tested in vivo on Wistar rats bearing Walker tumors. Treatment with 50 Units/100 g i.p. daily for 5 days caused 90% tumor regression and necrosis of metastatic foci in the liver and abdomen, without toxic side effects. The protease inhibitors trypsin-chymotrypsin, aprotinin, leupeptin and E64 were also tested in vitro and showed no anticancer activity. In conclusion, the endogenous inhibitor of CANP selectively killed malignant cells of different chromosomal abnormalities, tissue and species origin; also nuclear vlimata and chemoresistant cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[Construction of a plasmid vector of fused protein genes driven by human insulin-like growth factor II P3 promoter]. (2006)

A shuttle plasmid vector containing the tkEGFP fusion protein gene driven by IGF-II P3 promoter has been constructed successfully and its specific expression in HepG2 cells provides a sound basis for targeted gene therapy for HCC.
A comparison of non-pulsed radiofrequency and pulsed radiofrequency glow discharge orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry for analytical purposes (2009)

The analytical potential of a radiofrequency glow discharge orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer (RFGD-TOFMS) has been evaluated in both pulsed and non-pulsed modes. A certified reference steel was selected for this study. The operating conditions of the GD plasma (pressure and applied power) were optimized in terms of sensitivity. Additionally, duty cycle and pulse width parameters were investigated in the pulsed RF mode. In this case, high analyte ion signals and improved signal to background ratios were measured after the end of the pulse, in the so-called afterglow domain. The analyte ion signals were normalized to sputtering rates to compare different operating conditions. It was found that the sensitivity in the pulsed mode was improved in comparison to the non-pulsed mode; however, the factor of enhancement is element dependent. Moreover, improved analytical performance was obtained in terms of ion separation capabilities as well as in terms of accuracy and precision in the evaluation of the isotopic ratios, using the pulsed RFGD-TOFMS. Additionally, depth profile analyses of a Zn/Ni coating on steel were performed and the non-pulsed and pulsed RFGD-TOFMS analytical performances were compared.
Vortex jet transport of ions from a source to mass spectrometer input at atmospheric pressure (2012)

A new system of transporting ions from distributed sources to the input hole of a mass spectrometer by a strongly swirled gas jet at atmospheric pressure is proposed. It is shown that the vortex jet transport provides for a more than hundredfold increase in the mass-spectrometric peak intensity, depending on the nature of ions. The effective input aperture for ions increases by three orders of magnitude, which ensures a more complete collection of ionized sample species from distributed ion sources of large volume.
Phase Plane Plot of Electrograms as a Marker of Ventricular Electrical Instability During Acute Ischemia: Initial Experimental Results and Potential Clinical Applications (1992)

We used a phase plane plots method (a plot of voltage [V(t)] vs rate of change of voltage [dV/dt]) derived from nonlinear dynamics to transform a sinus rhythm strip into a geometric form. The geometric form thus obtained detects variations in the ECG over time and therefore may aid in identifying patterns of vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation (VF). The trajectories of consecutive ventricular depolarizations and repolarizations of sinus rhythm in dogs that evolve to VF showed characteristic differential band thickening (inhomogeneities) that were absent in the dogs that did not develop VF. This method of analysis can be a useful complementary tool to detect cardiac electrical instability, and with simple hardware, can easily be displayed in real time.
Modeling perceived value of professional business services (2010)

This article proposes and tests a structural equation model of perceived service value of professional business services. Grounded on literature review, the paper develops a conceptual framework, depicting the sequence of effects shaping client’s perceptions of value. The research examines the proposed role of service provider’s trustworthiness as a key contributor to perceived value. The obtained results confirm the hypothesised relationships among the constructs in the model and offer support for some of the proposed mediation effects. The paper contributes an additional insight into the relatively underresearched field of marketing professional services to business buyers.
Sensitivity to Doppler shift and carrier frequency errors in OFDM systems-the consequences and solutions (2002)

Due to the intercarrier interference (ICI) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) mobile radio communication systems, the bit error rate (BER) of the received signals are extremely sensitive to Doppler frequency shifts and carrier synchronization errors. This paper studies the mechanism of the ICI signals, and then proposes a new method to overcome such problems without any equalization procedures. The results show that by using the self ICI cancellation scheme proposed, the ICI can be reduced significantly. Therefore this OFDM system suffers much less from performance degradation caused by frequency errors than the normal OFDM systems.
Tissue around catheters is a niche for bacteria associated with medical device infection (2008)

Tissue surrounding biomedical devices forms a niche for bacteria. This is an as yet nonrecognized element in the pathogenesis of catheter-associated infections, with possible consequences for strategies of prevention and treatment of these infections.
Optically Active Sulfoxides. The Synthesis and Rotatory Dispersion of Some Diaryl Sulfoxides<sup>2</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptically Active Sulfoxides. The Synthesis and Rotatory Dispersion of Some Diaryl Sulfoxides2Kenneth K. Andersen, William. Gaffield, Nicholas E. Papanikolaou, James W. Foley, and R. I. PerkinsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 24, 5637–5646Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01078a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01078a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1379Altmetric-Citations248LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metabolic Syndrome Derived from Principal Component Analysis and Incident Cardiovascular Events: The Multi Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) (2012)

Background. The NCEP metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of dichotomized interrelated risk factors from predominantly Caucasian populations. We propose a continuous MetS score based on principal component analysis (PCA) of the same risk factors in a multiethnic cohort and compare prediction of incident CVD events with NCEP MetS definition. Additionally, we replicated these analyses in the Health, Aging, and Body composition (Health ABC) study cohort. Methods and Results. We performed PCA of the MetS elements (waist circumference, HDL, TG, fasting blood glucose, SBP, and DBP) in 2610 Caucasian Americans, 801 Chinese Americans, 1875 African Americans, and 1494 Hispanic Americans in the multiethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. We selected the first principal component as a continuous MetS score (MetS-PC). Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association between MetS-PC and 5.5 years of CVD events (n = 377) adjusting for age, gender, race, smoking and LDL-C, overall and by ethnicity. To facilitate comparison of MetS-PC with the binary NCEP definition, a MetS-PC cut point was chosen to yield the same 37% prevalence of MetS as the NCEP definition (37%) in the MESA cohort. Hazard ratio (HR) for CVD events were estimated using the NCEP and Mets-PC-derived binary definitions. In Cox proportional models, the HR (95% CI) for CVD events for 1-SD (standard deviation) of MetS-PC was 1.71 (1.54-1.90) (P < 0.0001) overall after adjusting for potential confounders, and for each ethnicity, HRs were: Caucasian, 1.64 (1.39-1.94), Chinese, 1.39 (1.06-1.83), African, 1.67 (1.37-2.02), and Hispanic, 2.10 (1.66-2.65). Finally, when binary definitions were compared, HR for CVD events was 2.34 (1.91-2.87) for MetS-PC versus 1.79 (1.46-2.20) for NCEP MetS. In the Health ABC cohort, in a fully adjusted model, MetS-PC per 1-SD (Health ABC) remained associated with CVD events (HR = 1.21, 95%CI 1.12-1.32) overall, and for each ethnicity, Caucasian (HR = 1.24, 95%CI 1.12-1.39) and African Americans (HR = 1.16, 95%CI 1.01-1.32). Finally, when using a binary definition of MetS-PC (cut point 0.505) designed to match the NCEP definition in terms of prevalence in the Health ABC cohort (35%), the fully adjusted HR for CVD events was 1.39, 95%CI 1.17-1.64 compared with 1.46, 95%CI 1.23-1.72 using the NCEP definition. Conclusion. MetS-PC is a continuous measure of metabolic syndrome and was a better predictor of CVD events overall and in individual ethnicities. Additionally, a binary MetS-PC definition was better than the NCEP MetS definition in predicting incident CVD events in the MESA cohort, but this superiority was not evident in the Health ABC cohort.
Localization and Waveguiding of Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Random Nanostructures (2002)

We propose to use channels in strongly scattering nonabsorbing random media for guiding electromagnetic waves, and demonstrate this concept using near-field microscopy of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP's) propagating along the gold film surface covered with randomly located scatterers. In the wavelength range of 725-765 nm, we observe complete inhibition of the SPP propagation inside the random structures composed of approximately 50-nm-wide gold bumps and their clusters with the density of 50 microm(-2), as well as well-defined SPP guiding along corrugation-free 2- and 4-microm-wide channels.
IDENTIFICATION OF CULTURED <i>PSEUDO‐NITZSCHIA</i> (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) USING SPECIES‐SPECIFIC LSU rRNA‐TARGETED FLUORESCENT PROBES<sup>1</sup> (1996)

ABSTRACT Some, but not all, marine pennate diatoms of the genus Pseudo‐nitzschia H. Peragallo are associated with the production of domoic acid, a naturally occurring amino acid responsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning. Distinguishing between potentially toxic and nontoxic representatives of this genus is time‐consuming and difficult because it demands scanning electron microscopy of cleaned frustules. The objective of this work is to speed and ease identification of these organisms by using whole‐cell (in situ) hybridization and species‐specific large‐subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU rRNA)‐targeted oligonucleotide probes. Toward that end, cultures of P. australis Frenguelli, P. pungens (Grunow) Hasle, P. multiseries (Hasle) Hasle, P. fraudulenta (P. T. Cleve) Heiden, P. heimii Manguin, P. delicatissima (P. T. Cleve) Heiden, P. pseudo‐delicatissima (Hasle) Hasle, and P. americana (Hasle) Fryxell were screened with a suite of 15 putative species‐specific probes. Of those, a subset of eight probes was found that distinguished each species tested. In addition, Pseudo‐nitzschia chloroplasts were labeled with a probe directed against a eubacterial‐conserved sequence. Identification of new cultures based on their reactivity toward a set of probes agreed with species designations as defined by morphological criteria. Whole‐cell hybridization is a rapid, simple, and cost‐effective technique for discriminating among cultured Pseudo‐nitzschia species.
Impact of peripheral neuropathy on bone density in patients with type 1 diabetes. (1999)

The present results suggest that in patients with type 1 diabetes, PN may be an independent risk factor for reduced BMD in the affected limbs as well as in the skeleton in general.
Heart Rate Response to the Valsalva Maneuver as a Test of Circulatory Integrity (1963)

The blood pressure and heart rate responses to the Valsalva maneuver as measured during cardiac catheterization are a reliable index of cardiovascular integrity. The present study indicates that heart rate itself, as monitored by the electrocardiograph, is an equally reliable index of the dynamic changes occurring during and after straining. In a normal group of subjects the heart rate slowed with the onset of straining (phase 1), increased during (phase 2) and after straining (phase 3), and was followed by a marked bradycardia (phase 4). These responses occurred to a significantly lesser degree in subjects with advanced cardiac disease, the absense of the bradycardia in phase 4 being of the greatest statistical importance. Using these criteria, subjects with cardiovascular abnormalities of uncertain dynamic significance were separated into clinically valid groups of reactors and nonreactors.