gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fractional Brownian motion in crowded fluids (2012)

Diffusion in crowded fluids, e.g. in the cytoplasm of living cells, has frequently been reported to show anomalous characteristics (so-called ‘subdiffusion’). Several random walk models have been proposed to explain these observations, yet so far an experimentally supported decision in favor of one of these models has been lacking. Here, we show that experimentally obtained trajectories in a prototypical crowded fluid show an asphericity that is most consistent with the predictions of fractional Brownian motion, i.e. an anti-correlated, anti-persistent generalization of normal Brownian motion that is related to the fluid's viscoelasticity.
Transforming Growth Factor-β Gene Family Members and Bone* (1994)

EARLY efforts to purify a bone-derived growth factor from rat bone culture medium revealed its biological and biochemical similarity to transforming growth factor-β type 1 (TGF-β1) extracted from human blood platelets. Cartilage inducing factors (CIF-A and CIF-B) from bovine bone matrix were then identified as TGF-β isoforms, and it soon became evident that bone cells synthesize TGF-βs and that bone matrix was a major repository of these factors in the organism. The TGF-β supergene family comprises at least five closely related proteins termed TGF-β1 through TGF-β5 in addition to a growing number of more distant but highly homologous growth regulators. Several of the closely related TGF-β isoforms occur in many animals, and appear to control development, growth, and differentiation in humans as well as a variety of other species. More importantly from the skeletal tissue perspective, some of the less closely related gene family members, activin-A and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), are also expressed by bone cells, stored in bone matrix, and increase bone cell activity in vivo and in vitro.
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Related Activities of Selected Synthetic Chalcones: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies Using Computational Tools (2008)

Synthetic derivatives of 1-(2-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethoxy-phenyl)-methanone were evaluated in-vitro for their activities related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The antioxidant potential was determined by calculating reducing potential, OH and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazine) radical scavenging activities. The in-vitro anti-inflammatory related activities of synthetic chalcones (SCs) were demonstrated by performing inhibition assays of trypsin, beta-glucuronidase and diene conjugates. The results of the various parameters studied shows that the selected derivatives were found to be effective reducing agents and were reactive towards stabilizing the OH and DPPH radicals. The compounds have showed moderate to poor or no inhibition profile towards trypsin and beta-glucuronidase, but were found to be effective inhibitor of dien conjugates (hydroperoxides). An attempt has been made to define structure activity relationship using BioMed CAChe 6.1.10: a computer-aided molecular modeling tool which applies equations from classical and quantum mechanics. The experimental and in silico results of the present investigation shows that the basic nucleus 1-(2-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethoxy-phenyl)-methanone can be considered as a potential candidate for the design and development of lead antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
Using weight decay to optimize the generalization ability of a perceptron (2002)

Weight decay was proposed to reduce overfitting which often appears in the generalization tasks of artificial neural nets. Here weight decay is applied to a well defined model system based on a single layer perceptron, which exhibits strong overfitting. Since we know for this system the optimal nonoverfitting solution we can compare the effect of the weight decay with this solution. A strategy to find the optimal weight decay strength, which leads to the optimal solution for any number of examples, is proposed.
Operation, control and performance of a family of high power unity power factor rectifiers (2002)

This paper describes a 3-phase rectifier topology intended for high power GTO-based, or high power IGBT, rectifiers switching at 120 Hz. The paper examines a recently published rectifier and control scheme using a diode rectifier, AC inductors and a Y-connected 3-phase switch network, 3/spl phi/-switch network, connected to the centre-tap of the DC-link capacitors. Improvements to this network are examined that eliminate the need for centre-tap capacitors and that use a standard inverter bridge module or a 3/spl phi/ /spl Delta/-switch network with low conduction losses. Simulation and experimental results are used to illustrate the operation and performance features of the rectifiers.
Ecosystem-based approach to aquaculture management (2008)

Ecosystems have real thresholds and limits which, when exceeded, can affect major system restructuring. Once thresholds and limits have been exceeded, changes can be irreversible. Diversity is important to ecosystem functioning. The ecosystem approach is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water, and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. The application of the ecosystem approach will help to reach a balance of the three main objectives: conservation, sustainable use, and a fair and equitable sharing of the benefits and use of the natural resources. Aquaculture development needs to be within the carrying capacity of the water resource so that it is sustainable and does not greatly impact the environment. The determination of the carrying capacity needs to be science-based. The planning of development in ecosystems has been done for freshwater ecosystems within the PAMB (Protected Area Management Board) framework, but in many cases this does not give the correct significance to the impact of aquaculture on the water resources in the ecosystem. It also needs to be extended to river basins and estuaries, brackishwater areas, and inland bays, and seas. The planning and management of aquaculture needs to be undertaken at the local government unit (LGU) level in a coordinated manner by all the LGUs that have a part of the water resource. The co-management of aquaculture, in terms of monitoring of the environment, monitoring of production, and monitoring of licenses, needs to be funded out of license fees and non-compliance fines collected by the LGUs. A number of these management activities need to be undertaken jointly (monitoring the environment) and others separately but in a coordinated manner (e.g., checking licenses and checking compliance).
Improving the Antigenicity of sTn Antigen by Modification of Its Sialic Acid Residue for Development of Glycoconjugate Cancer Vaccines (2006)

Sialyl Tn (sTn) antigen is a sialylated disaccharide abundantly expressed by many tumors. To search for effective cancer immunotherapies based on sTn antigen, we designed and synthesized a series of unnatural N-acyl derivatives of sTn and studied their immunological properties. For this purpose, an efficient method was developed to synthesize the natural and unnatural forms of sTn antigen and their protein conjugates. The resultant glycoconjugates were used to immunize C57BL/6 mice, and the immune response was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Whereas the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) conjugate of sTn elicited low levels of IgM antibodies, the KLH conjugates of N-iso-butanoyl sTn and N-phenylacetyl sTn, especially the latter, induced high titers of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, showing a T-cell-dependent response that is critical for the antitumor activity. The results suggest that the modified forms of sTn, especially N-phenylacetyl sTn, have improved antigenicity and promising immunological properties for use as cancer vaccines.
The appearance of fluorescein-labelled lymphocytes in lymph following in vitro or in vivo labelling: the route of lymphocyte recirculation through mesenteric lymph nodes. (1984)

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) has been used to study lymphocyte migration in sheep. After being labelled in vitro with FITC, lymphocytes migrated from blood into lymph at the same rate and with the same recovery as lymphocytes labelled with with the radioisotope 51chromium. The in vivo labelling of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) with FITC resulted in high numbers of labelled lymphocytes appearing in prescapular lymph. However, the appearance of the FITC-labelled lymphocytes in the prescapular lymph could be prevented by cannulating the main intestinal lymph duct prior to the in vivo labelling procedure. It was concluded that lymphocytes labelled in vivo within the MLN required an intact lymphatic system to reach the blood circulation and did not enter the venous circulation directly from the MLN.
The unique role of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 in cholesterol homeostasis (2009)

Abstract. The LDL receptor (LDLR) plays an essential role in the regulation of plasma (LDL) cholesterol concentrations by virtue of its ability to clear plasma LDL. Down‐regulation of the LDLR by proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) has recently emerged as a regulatory mechanism that controls plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations. Studies in which PCSK9 is over‐expressed in mice, have demonstrated that PCSK9, by enhancing hepatic LDLR degradation, decreases the availability of the LDLR for LDL uptake, resulting in increased plasma LDL cholesterol levels. However, PCSK9 has also recently been shown to mediate down‐regulation of surface receptors other than the LDLR, suggesting that it may have much broader roles than initially thought.
Quality-of-service guarantee in high-speed multimedia wireless networks (2002)

The next generation of wireless networks (i.e. high-speed wireless networks) will provide enough resources to support multimedia traffic. In such systems, it is necessary to provide quality-of-service (QOS) guarantees for the multimedia applications. We propose a connection setup algorithm which provides the QOS guarantees for the multimedia traffic. The proposed algorithm provides the QOS guarantees by reserving resources in the surrounding cells. It is shown through extensive simulations that the proposed algorithm provides smaller connection dropping probability than existing algorithms. It is also shown that better bandwidth efficiency is obtained by using the information regarding the user's movement pattern.
Keystroke Dynamics on a Device with Touch Screen (2012)

Keystroke Dynamics has been heavily researched over many years. Despite the large activity there\nare few real world implementations using Keystroke Dynamics as an authentication mechanism.\nThe change in how internet banks are accessed, from using personal computers to using smart\nphones, in combination with the increasing burden for people to remember many passwords, has\nincreased the need for stronger or enhanced authentication mechanisms.\nWe look at the suitability of using keystroke dynamics as an additional feature to enhance\nsecurity of authentication, when using a smart phone having a touch screen as input method.\nBoth performance issues and security issues are investigated. We are going in depth on keystroke\ndata analysis, where we look at why some methods perform better than others. The change in\nsecurity, as a result of change in the physical/environmental factors are also addressed.\nThe results show that keystroke dynamics on a smart phone are more resilient against certain\nattacks than keystroke dynamics on a personal computer. We proved this by building a device\ncapable of imitate someone’s typing characteristics, and explained why the same task is difficult\nagainst keystroke dynamics on a smart phone. Further, we got good results from using new\nfeatures available from a touch screen, and we also improved the performance of some detectors\nusing a technique that adapts the standard deviation to skewed distributions.
Conserved Eukaryotic Fusogens Can Fuse Viral Envelopes to Cells (2011)

Caenorhabditis elegans proteins AFF-1 and EFF-1 [C. elegans fusion family (CeFF) proteins] are essential for developmental cell-to-cell fusion and can merge insect cells. To study the structure and function of AFF-1, we constructed vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) displaying AFF-1 on the viral envelope, substituting the native fusogen VSV glycoprotein. Electron microscopy and tomography revealed that AFF-1 formed distinct supercomplexes resembling pentameric and hexameric "flowers" on pseudoviruses. Viruses carrying AFF-1 infected mammalian cells only when CeFFs were on the target cell surface. Furthermore, we identified fusion family (FF) proteins within and beyond nematodes, and divergent members from the human parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis and the chordate Branchiostoma floridae could also fuse mammalian cells. Thus, FF proteins are part of an ancient family of cellular fusogens that can promote fusion when expressed on a viral particle.
Ultra-fast magnetic resonance encephalography of physiological brain activity – Glymphatic pulsation mechanisms? (2015)

The theory on the glymphatic convection mechanism of cerebrospinal fluid holds that cardiac pulsations in part pump cerebrospinal fluid from the peri-arterial spaces through the extracellular tissue into the peri-venous spaces facilitated by aquaporin water channels. Since cardiac pulses cannot be the sole mechanism of glymphatic propulsion, we searched for additional cerebrospinal fluid pulsations in the human brain with ultra-fast magnetic resonance encephalography. We detected three types of physiological mechanisms affecting cerebral cerebrospinal fluid pulsations: cardiac, respiratory, and very low frequency pulsations. The cardiac pulsations induce a negative magnetic resonance encephalography signal change in peri-arterial regions that extends centrifugally and covers the brain in ≈1 Hz cycles. The respiratory ≈0.3 Hz pulsations are centripetal periodical pulses that occur dominantly in peri-venous areas. The third type of pulsation was very low frequency (VLF 0.001-0.023 Hz) and low frequency (LF 0.023-0.73 Hz) waves that both propagate with unique spatiotemporal patterns. Our findings using critically sampled magnetic resonance encephalography open a new view into cerebral fluid dynamics. Since glymphatic system failure may precede protein accumulations in diseases such as Alzheimer's dementia, this methodological advance offers a novel approach to image brain fluid dynamics that potentially can enable early detection and intervention in neurodegenerative diseases.
Age differences in recall and recognition. (1987)

An experiment is reported in which young and elderly adults performed cued-recall and recognition tests while carrying out a choice reaction-time task. An analysis of covariance, with recognition performance as the covariate, showed a reliable age decrement in recall. It was therefore concluded that older people perform more poorly on recall tasks than they do on recognition tasks. Performance on the secondary (reaction time) task showed that recall was associated with greater resource costs than was recognition and that this effect was amplified by increasing age. The results are in line with the suggestion that recall requires more processing resources than does recognition and that such resources are depleted as people grow older. The literature on age differences in human memory includes a large number of studies comparing the performance of young and old adults on tests of recall and recognition memory. The results of these studies have consistently shown an age decrement in recall performance (see Botwinick, 1978; Burke &
Corn silk induces nitric oxide synthase in murine macrophages (2004)

Corn silk has been purified as an anticoagulant previously and the active component is a polysaccharide with a molecular mass of 135 kDa. It activates murine macrophages to induce nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and generate substantial amounts of NO in time and dose-dependent manners. It was detectable first at 15 h after stimulation by corn silk, peaked at 24 h, and undetectable by 48 h. Induction of NOS is inhibited by pyrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and genistein, an inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and tyrosine kinase, respectively, indicating that iNOS stimulated by corn silk is associated with tyrosine kinase and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. IkappaB-alpha degradation was detectible at 10 min, and the level was restored at 120 min after treatment of corn silk. Corn silk induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB by phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaB-alpha.
Coupled bipolar transistors as very robust ESD protection devices for automotive applications (2003)

ESD requirements for automotive applications are demanding and diverse. Coupled bipolar ESD protection devices within a BCD technology are realized having a system level HBM-gun (330 Omega/150 pF) robustness of more than 10 kV with the thyristor mode being avoided. The change from rectangular to circular device geometry leads to an increase in device robustness with respect to device level HBM tests and long time current pulses.
The Influence of Preeclampsia on Fetal Lung Maturity (2013)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious Issues Collections Obstetric Airway ManagementMaternal EmbolismRegional Anesthesia for Cesarean SectionGeneral Anesthesia for Cesarean SectionAnalgesia for LaborObstetric HemorrhagePre-Eclampsia/EclampsiaPharmacologyTraumaInfection and SepsisMaternal ObesityMaternl Morbidity and MortalityNeonatal Morbidity and MortalityObstetric ComplicationsAnesthetic ComplicationsNon-Obstetric Maternal DiseaseCritical CareDrug Abuse in PregnancyEthicsSystems Based Practice For Authors Information for AuthorsLanguage Editing Services Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
Single Event Upset: An Embedded Tutorial (2008)

With the continuous downscaling of CMOS technologies, the reliability has become a major bottleneck in the evolution of the next generation systems. Technology trends such as transistor down-sizing, use of new materials, and system on chip architectures continue to increase the sensitivity of systems to soft errors. These errors are random and not related to permanent hardware faults. Their causes may be internal (e.g., interconnect coupling) or external (e.g., cosmic radiation). To meet the system reliability requirements it is necessary for both the circuit designers and test engineers to get the basic knowledge of the soft errors. We present a tutorial study of the radiation-induced single event upset phenomenon caused by external radiation, which is a major source of soft errors. We summarize basic radiation mechanisms and the resulting soft errors in silicon. Soft error mitigation techniques with time and space redundancy are illustrated. An industrial design example, the IBM z990 system, shows how the industry is dealing with soft errors these days.
3. Claudel et l’"épistémologie romantique" (1998)

On ne doit pas, en effet, déduire des pages qui précèdent que le croyant ou le militant catholique, parmi tous les membres de ce que Claudel appelle drôlement "le conseil d’administration intérieur", est seul intéressé à la poursuite de ces lectures et de ces réflexions sur la science. Le poète ne l'est pas moins, et l'on ne saurait évidemment oublier que c'est l'œuvre d'un poète, l'Eurêka d'Edgar Poe, qui, autant ou plus que la Somme théologique et les livres des savants, lui a suggéré l’idé...
Evaluating Turfgrasses for Shade Tolerance<sup>1</sup> (1969)

Abstract Short‐duration growth chamber and field techniques are described for studying shade tolerance of pot‐grown seedling turfgrasses. Performance of eight selections each of bluegrass and red fescue grown at four light intensities from seed to 8 weeks in a growth chamber was evaluated. Varying light intensities were achieved by growing the grasses on shelves in a step‐like design so that the lowest light level was farthest from the illumination source. The four light levels in the growth chamber were measured at 3,000, 1,500, 500, and 230 ft‐c. A field study in natural deciduous shade which permitted entrance of approximately 5% of incident sunlight was used to concurrently evaluate 57 strains of Kentucky bluegrass, 1 lot of Canada bluegrass, 1 lot of roughstalk bluegrass, 18 strains of red fescue, 1 hard fescue, and 8 strains (including 3 species) of bentgrass. Both methods are feasible techniques for evaluating turfgrasses for shade tolerance. The field method has the advantage of concurrent evaluation of large numbers of turfgrasses under natural conditions. Performance of the red fescues in shade as a group was superior to that of the bluegrasses. ‘Golfrood’ red fescue was the outstanding cultivar and demonstrated superior shade tolerance in both the growth chamber and field.
Scattering from arbitrary planar periodic screen consisting of resistive patches and dielectric layers (2002)

A computationally efficient iterative procedure, the generalized biconjugate gradient fast Fourier transform (BiCG-FFT) method, is presented for analyzing electromagnetic scattering from an arbitrary planar periodic screen. The periodic screen consists of arbitrarily shaped resistive or perfectly conducting patches and homogeneous lossy or lossless dielectric layers. The problem is solved in the spectral domain using the spectral dyadic Green's function that can be obtained via the spectral domain immitance approach. An operator equation is written for the induced surface currents where subdomain rooftop basis functions are chosen to represent these currents. The operator equation is solved by the generalized BiCG-FFT method. Numerical results for the dominant mode reflection and transmission coefficients are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Data association and tracking using hidden Markov models and dynamic programming (1992)

The problem of target tracking from distributed sensors in a cluttered environment is addressed. An algorithm that achieves target tracking and target motion analysis is introduced. This technique uses the formalism of hidden Markov models (HMMs) and is based on two successive steps: the first one consists of a spatial fusion of the measurements obtained at a given time, and the second achieves temporal association, thus leading to the target trajectory. This approach basically differs from classic ones (PDA, JPDA, etc.) because it requires no initialization and no a priori hypothesis for target motion. Simulation results are shown in which the multiple target and maneuvering target cases are given particular attention.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Cell-to-Cell Signaling Is Required for Virulence in a Model of Acute Pulmonary Infection (2000)

ABSTRACT Cell-to-cell signaling controls many virulence genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa . We tested the virulence of las and rhl quorum-sensing mutants in neonatal mice. A lasI rhlI double mutant was nearly avirulent, and the respective single mutant strains were reduced in virulence compared with the wild-type strain. Quorum sensing plays a role in P. aeruginosa pneumonia in neonatal mice.