gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Steroid diamine-nucleic acid interactions: partial insertion of dipyrandium between unstacked base pairs of the poly(dA-dT) duplex in solution. (1979)

We report on an NMR investigation of steroid diamine.nucleic acid complexes as a function of phosphate-to-drug ratios in aqueous solution in order to evaluate the structural and kinetic aspects of the binding of a nonintercalative drug to a synthetic DNA in solution. The nonexchangeable proton chemical shift parameters for the dipyrandium.poly(dA-dT) complex demonstrate unstacking of base pairs and partial insertion of the steroid diamine at the complexation site. The chemical shifts and linewidths of the exchangeable protons as a function of pH demonstrate that the base pairs are intact but partially exposed to solvent at the steroid diamine binding site. The phosphorus chemical shifts suggest that the base pairs unstack upon complex formation without changes in the omega,omega' polynucleotide backbone torsion angles. The NMR line shape parameters require rapid exchange of the steroid diamine among potential binding sites and are consistent with greater segmental flexibility in the complex compared to the synthetic DNA in solution. The NMR experiments are discussed in relation to Sobell's proposed model [Sobell, H.M., Tsai, C.C., Gilbert, S.G., Jain, S.C. & Sakore, T.D. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 73, 3068-3072] for the steroid diamine-DNA complex.
<i>Tie-1</i>-directed expression of Cre recombinase in endothelial cells of embryoid bodies and transgenic mice (2001)

Tissue-specific gene inactivation using the Cre-loxP system has become an important tool to unravel functions of genes when the conventional null mutation is lethal. We report here the generation of a transgenic mouse line expressing Cre recombinase in endothelial cells. In order to avoid the production and screening of multiple transgenic lines we used embryonic stem cell and embryoid body technology to identify recombinant embryonic stem cell clones with high, endothelial-specific Cre activity. One embryonic stem cell clone that showed high Cre activity in endothelial cells was used to generate germline chimeras. The in vivo efficiency and specificity of the transgenic Cre was analysed by intercrossing the tie-1-Cre line with the ROSA26R reporter mice. At initial stages of vascular formation (E8-9), LacZ staining was detected in almost all cells of the forming vasculature. Between E10 and birth, LacZ activity was detected in most endothelial cells within the embryo and of extra-embryonic tissues such as yolk sac and chorioallantoic placenta. Ectopic expression of Cre was observed in approximately 12-20% of the adult erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid cells and in subregions of the adult brain. These results show that the tie-1-Cre transgenic strain can efficiently direct deletion of floxed genes in endothelial cells in vivo.
A Pilot Study of Haloperidol Treatment of Psychosis and Behavioral Disturbance in Alzheimer's Disease (1989)

Nine outpatients meeting research criteria for probable Alzheimer's disease who had psychosis or behavioral disturbance participated in a single-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Oral haloperidol in doses of 1 to 5 mg daily improved target symptoms, confirmed by double-blind ratings of videotaped interviews. Patients could not be maintained on more than 4 mg of haloperidol daily due to the severity of extrapyramidal side effects. Modified Mini-Mental State scores worsened while taking haloperidol, with only partial recovery in the final 4-week placebo phase. Severe extrapyramidal side effects and decline in cognitive function may compromise the efficacy of commonly used doses of neuroleptic drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Validation of a Self-Excising Marker in the Human Pathogen <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> by Employing the β-Rec/ <i>six</i> Site-Specific Recombination System (2010)

Recyclable markers based on site-specific recombination allow repetitive gene targeting in filamentous fungi. Here we describe for the first time functionality of the bacterial recombination system employing beta serine recombinase acting on six recognition sequences (beta-rec/six) in a fungal host, the human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus, and its use in establishing a self-excising resistance marker cassette for serial gene replacement.
A New Quantitative Fluorimetric Assay for Phagocytosis of Bacteria (1980)

We describe a new quantitative fluorimetric assay for phagocytosis of bacteria. A suspension of fluorescein-labelled bacteria (Micrococcus lysodeikticus) is mixed and incubated with phagocytes. After fixation with paraformaldehyde, the excess non-phagocytosed and adsorbed bacteria are lysed with a solution of lysozyme in phosphate-buffered saline. After washing of the phagocytes, the fluorescence of those that have ingested the labelled bacteria is measured with a spectrofluorimeter. We report results obtained with different types of phagocytes which show that this method allows sensitivity, saturation and kinetic studies and the calculation of a phagocytic index.
Pre‐ and post‐natal ontogeny of serotonergic projections to the rat spinal cord (1989)

The development of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) innervation in the spinal cord was studied from embryonic day 14 (E14) to adulthood. Sprague-Dawley rats were fixed by perfusion with 5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate-sodium metabisulfite buffer, and vibratome sections were processed for immunocytochemistry with a 5-HT antiserum. For electron microscopy, the sections were flat-embedded in araldite, and thin sectioning was performed. 5-HT neurons caudally directed from raphe nuclei invade the spinal cord at E14 and reach the caudalmost levels by E16-E17. In longitudinal sections, axons are seen by E15, at cervical and upper thoracic levels, to invade the presumptive gray matter from the anterior and lateral funiculi. The invasion process occurred either by sharp angulation of the axon or by branching of a collateral. By E16, at thoracic level the anterior horn and the intermediolateral columns are profusely innervated by very thin, varicose fibers; synapses are seen at E17 and E18 using EM. 5-HT immunoreactive boutons are involved here. After birth, 5-HT innervation of these two areas evolves progressively from a diffuse network to a more restricted pattern, especially at the thoracic level for the intermediolateral column and at cervical and lumbar levels for the anterior horn. The adult pattern is reached by postnatal day 21 (P21). The growth of axons toward the dorsal horn becomes noticeable by E19 at all spinal levels, when fibers invade the neck of the horn from the lateral funiculus, and innervation proceeds diffusely until P5. At P7, thin fibers course dorsally and laterally along the border of the gray matter and ramify profusely in layers I and II. The adult pattern is also reached in the dorsal horn by P21. These results are discussed in relation to the postnatal maturation of motor and sensory circuits and to the development of transplanted raphe neurons in the rat spinal cord.
Reconciliation of process flow rates by matrix projection. Part II: The nonlinear case (1986)

Abstract Flow rate and concentration measurements in a steady state process are reconciled by weighted least squares so that the conservation laws and other constraints are obeyed. Two projection matrices are constructed in turn, in order to decompose the problem into three subproblems to be solved in sequence. The first matrix eliminates all unmeasured component flow rates and concentrations from the equations; the second then removes the unmeasured total flow rates. The adjustments to component flow rates are iteratively determined, starting with guessed values of unmeasured total flow rates. Chi‐square and normal test statistics are derived by linearizing the equations, to allow detection of gross errors in imbalances and adjustments of measurements.
Rate-adaptive modulation techniques for infrared wireless communications (2003)

While infrared links can support transmission at high bit rates, it is difficult to maintain a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) sufficient to support these high bit rates under all conditions using reasonable transmitter power levels. Under adverse conditions, instead of incurring abrupt link failure, it is preferable to achieve graceful degradation by lowering the bit rate until a suitably low error probability can be attained. We describe several coding and decoding schemes for rate-adaptive transmission, and we discuss their performance and implementation complexity. The codes considered are rate-compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes and simple repetition codes. Each code is combined with L-ary pulse-position modulation. We present results of a search for families of good RCPC codes derived from rate-1/5 and rate-1/7 mother codes.
An embedded fail-safe interlocking system (2002)

The paper presents a fail-safe railway interlocking system embedded in an Area Control Center (ACC) system. The host of the system is a TANDEM NONSTOP HIMALAYA K200 computer. The fault tolerant computer aims at high safety, reliability and availability. In addition, the dispatcher management system, device supervision system, and train control system are integrated in the host computer to ensure high performance. Tens of stations can be controlled by the system concurrently. The paper also presents some measures in the software used to ensure safety of the interlocking system. These measures have been verified by practical applications in old versions of the interlocking system.
Association of<i>Streptococcus bovis</i>with Carcinoma of the Colon (1977)

Two patients with colonic adenocarcinoma and Streptococcus bovis endocarditis suggested a possible association between the two. Non-enterococcal Group D streptococci were isolated from fecal cultures of 11 of 105 controls, 35 of 63 patients with carcinoma of the colon, seven of 25 with inflammatory bowel disease, four of 21 with non-colonic neoplasms and five of 37 with other gastrointestinal disorders. All such streptococci examined for lactose fermentation were S. bovis. The prevalence of S. bovis in fecal cultures from patients with carcinoma of the colon was significantly increased (P less than 0.001) as compared to that in controls, and also to all other groups (P less than 0.001). No other group had results significantly different from those of controls (P less than 0.05) although patients with inflammatory bowel disease were more frequently carriers. The carrier state was unrelated to age, hospitalization status, colonic stasis, gastrointestinal bleeding or recent barium-enema examination. The implications of this association are unknown.
Coevolution of simulator proxies and sampling strategies for petroleum reservoir modeling (2009)

Reservoir modeling is an on-going activity during the production life of a reservoir. One challenge to constructing accurate reservoir models is the time required to carry out a large number of computer simulations. This research investigates a competitive co-evolutionary algorithm to select a small number of informative reservoir samples to carry out computer simulation. The simulation results are also used to co-evolve the computer simulator proxies. We have developed a co-evolutionary system incorporating various techniques to conduct a case study. Although the system was able to select a very small number of reservoir samples to run the computer simulations and use the simulation data to construct simulator proxies with high accuracy, these proxy models do not generalize very well on a larger set of simulation data generated from our previous study. Nevertheless, we have identified that including a test-bank in the system helped mitigating the situation. We will conduct more systematic analysis of the competitive co-evolutionary dynamics to improve the system performance.
A study of relevance propagation for web search (2005)

Different from traditional information retrieval, both content and structure are critical to the success of Web information retrieval. In recent years, many relevance propagation techniques have been proposed to propagate content information between web pages through web structure to improve the performance of web search. In this paper, we first propose a generic relevance propagation framework, and then provide a comparison study on the effectiveness and efficiency of various representative propagation models that can be derived from this generic framework. We come to many conclusions that are useful for selecting a propagation model in real-world search applications, including 1) sitemap-based propagation models outperform hyperlink-based models in sense of both effectiveness and efficiency, and 2) sitemap-based term propagation is easier to be integrated into real-world search engines because of its parallel offline implementation and acceptable complexity. Some other more detailed study results are also reported in the paper.
Melt Compounding of Swollen Titanosilicate JDF-L1 with Polysulfone To Obtain Mixed Matrix Membranes for H<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> Separation (2013)

JDF-L1 is a microporous layered titanosilicate. JDF-L1-based composite materials have been prepared by melt compounding commercial polysulfone together with swollen JDF-L1 at a temperature gradient of 303–340 °C. During the melt compounding process most of the swollen JDF-L1 was exfoliated, confirmed by thermal, TEM, and XRD analyses. The exfoliated JDF-L1/polysulfone master batch was diluted in polysulfone to obtain mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with inorganic loadings in the 0–9.5 wt % range, in which exfoliated JDF-L1 particles were well dispersed. The MMMs were applied to the separation of a H2/CH4 mixture with an improved performance as compared to the pure polymer or to chemically exfoliated JDF-L1/polysulfone membranes. The best performance obtained in this work corresponds to an 8.3 wt % MMM with H2 permeability and H2/CH4 selectivity of 12.5 Barrer and 128, respectively.
Modification of Sinuous Antenna Arms for UWB Radar Applications (2015)

The sinuous antenna is modified to improve its performance for ultrawideband (UWB) radar applications. The radiated waveforms in the time domain of typical sinuous antennas contain a long ringing tail after the chirp-like main pulse when excited by a temporally short pulse. The ringing is due to resonances that are set up on the antenna arms and are essentially eliminated by modifying the shape of the arms. The first modification removes the sharp ends where the arms terminate, and the second changes the shape of the arms where they bend. These modifications are also shown to improve the gain flatness of the antennas. Three representative sinuous antennas are fabricated, tested, and demonstrated in a monostatic radar experiment. The measured results clearly show the advantages of the improved antenna.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Protects against Palmitic Acid-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction via Activation of the AMPK/eNOS Pathway (2014)

Recent studies have shown that free fatty acids are associated with chronic inflammation, which may be involved in vascular injury. The intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) can decrease cardiovascular disease risks, but the protective mechanisms of EPA on endothelial cells remain unclear. In this study, primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with palmitic acid (PA) were used to explore the protective effects of EPA. The results revealed that EPA attenuated PA-induced cell death and activation of apoptosis-related proteins, such as caspase-3, p53 and Bax. Additionally, EPA reduced the PA-induced increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species, the activation of NADPH oxidase, and the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). EPA also restored the PA-mediated reduction of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Using AMPK siRNA and the specific inhibitor compound C, we found that EPA restored the PA-mediated inhibitions of eNOS and AKT activities via activation of AMPK. Furthermore, the NF-κB signals that are mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were involved in protective effects of EPA. In summary, these results provide new insight into the possible molecular mechanisms by which EPA protects against atherogenesis via the AMPK/eNOS-related pathway.
Effects of Jebikong (Dolichos lablab) Extract on Serum Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High Fat Diet (2013)

This study investigated the effect of Dolichos lablab extract on the lipid metabolism of rats fed a high fat and cholesterol diet. S-D male rats (n=48) were given 40, 400, or 4000 mg/kg of Dolichos lablab extract and fed a high fat and high cholesterol diet for four weeks (DL-HFC group). As a result, serum levels of total lipids, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were higher in the high fat and high cholesterol group (HFC-group) than the control, and significant differences were observed between the control and the DL-HFC (40, 400, 4000 mg/kg) group. The fat absorption rate increased with a high fat diet feeding, but was higher in the DL-HFC (40, 400, 4000 mg/kg) group.
Mixed models and unbalanced data: wherefrom, whereat and whereto? (1988)

A brief history of the early years (1820-1947) of random effects models and the estimation of variance components is followed by a personal evaluation of M.L, REML and MINQUE estimation. A method is suggested for combining ML estimator obtained from subsets of a large data set, and comments are made on the need for simulation studies to assess the degree of approximation in using asymptotic properties of ML-type estimators as if they were exact for finite-sized unbalanced data sets.
Size-dependent melting of Bi nanoparticles (2005)

Nanocalorimetry was used to investigate the melting of Bi nanoparticles. The particles were formed by evaporating Bi onto a silicon nitride substrate, which was then heated. The particles self-assemble into truncated spherical particles. Below 5-nm average film thickness, mean particle sizes increased linearly with deposition thickness but increased rapidly for 10-nm-thick films. As expected, small particles were found to exhibit size-dependent melting temperatures less than the bulk melting temperature (e.g., ΔT=67K for a 3-nm radius particle). The measured melting temperatures for particles below ∼7nm in radius, however, were ∼50K above the value predicted by the homogeneous melting model. We discuss this discrepancy in terms of a possible size-dependent crystal structure change and the superheating of the solid phase.
Microsequencing of proteins electrotransferred onto immobilizing matrices from polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: Application to an insoluble protein (1990)

Semidry electroblotting is convenient and allows a rapid and efficient protein transfer from one- or two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels onto sequencer stable supports for protein microsequence analysis in a gas-phase sequencer. Using this technique, we determined the amino acid sequences of the basic 7S globulin (Bg), an insoluble protein present in soybean seeds. Based on sequence determination, the cDNA-encoding Bg could be easily cloned and characterized.
Synthesis of Porous Si/C Composite Nanosheets from Vermiculite with a Hierarchical Structure as a High-Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Battery (2019)

Silicon nanosheets are fascinating anode materials for lithium-ion batteries because of their high specific capacities, structural stability, and fast kinetics in alloying/dealloying with Li. The nanosheets can be synthesized through chemical vapor deposition (CVD), topochemical reaction, and templating method. After coating with a carbon nanolayer, they exhibit enhanced electrochemical performance. However, it is challenging to synthesize ultrathin carbon-coated silicon nanosheets. In this work, porous silicon/carbon (pSi/C) composite nanosheets are synthesized by reducing the carbon-coated expanded vermiculite with metallic Al in the molten salts. The as-prepared pSi/C nanosheets retain the layered nanostructure of vermiculite, with a thickness of less than 50 nm. The carbon nanolayer serves as the diffusion barrier and mechanical support for the growth of mesoporous silicon nanosheets. The anode of pSi/C nanosheets achieves remarkable electrochemical performance, exhibiting a reversible capacity of 1837 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> at 4 A g<sup>-1</sup> and retaining 71.5% of the initial capacity after 500 cycles. The process can be extended to the synthesis of the pSi/C composite nanotube by using other carbon-coated silicate templates such as halloysite.
Rate-proportional servers: a design methodology for fair queueing algorithms (1998)

Generalized processor sharing (GPS) has been considered as an ideal scheduling discipline based on its end-to-end delay bounds and fairness properties. Until recently, emulation of GPS in a packet server has been regarded as the ideal means of designing a packet-level scheduling algorithm to obtain low delay bounds and bounded unfairness. Strict emulation of GPS, as required in the weighted fair queueing (WFQ) scheduler, however, incurs a time-complexity of O(N) where N is the number of sessions sharing the link. Efforts in the past to simplify the implementation of WFQ, such as self-clocked fair queueing (SCFQ), have resulted in degrading its isolation properties, thus affecting the delay bound. We present a methodology for the design of scheduling algorithms that provide the same end-to-end delay bound as that of WFQ and bounded unfairness without the complexity of GPS emulation. The resulting class of algorithms, called rate-proportional servers (RPSs), are based on isolating scheduler properties that give rise to ideal delay and fairness behavior. Network designers can use this methodology to construct efficient fair-queueing algorithms, balancing their fairness with implementation complexity.
Laboratory observation of seismic waves in heterogeneous geomaterials (2026)

Two-phase particle composite samples modeling heterogeneous geomaterials with various inclusion size and content were made to investigate the effects of particle size and content on the amplitudes and velocities of seismic waves. The results of the tests suggest that seismic attenuation can be used to infer the internal structure of heterogeneous rocks.
Alias property propagation and reuse after variable scope change (2011)

It is becoming increasingly evident in the embedded world that the tools gain more and more weight in system evaluation and success, even in the context of hardware parallelism. Moreover, alias analysis - from the multitude of compiler optimizing techniques - stays at the base of most vectorization and parallelization transformations. While interprocedural alias analysis is still being studied and in some cases rejected by developers for resource consumption or compile time considerations, other techniques can be used to enhance performance. This paper proposes a practical and simple way of alias-property (restrict keyword) propagation after variable scope change. The method helps compilers exploit data and instruction-level parallelism. Parallelizing and optimizing techniques - inline, loop restructuring - can take advantage of the original alias attributes. The localized treatment of the alias properties does not impose barriers for code mobility. First, the concept of property inline information (with the immediate application of restrict inline) is introduced. Then, special-purpose data structures are defined. They help to simplify and enhance data dependence analysis with the help of related usage rules and propagation algorithms. In the end an extension is defined for additional cases of scope-changes. The work related to this paper has been implemented in a production compiler for the StarCore® SC3850 processor. A survey on common DSP applications has been made considering the usage of inline alias attributes versus simple interprocedural alias analysis.