gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitating and engineering the ion specificity of an EF-hand-like calcium binding site (1991)

The Escherichia coli D-galactose and D-glucose receptor, an aqueous periplasmic receptor that triggers sugar sensing and transport, possesses a single Ca2+ binding site similar in structure and specificity to the EF-hand class of sites found in eukaryotic Ca2+ signaling proteins including calmodulin and its homologues. A universal feature of these sites is the use of a pentagonal bipyramidal array of seven oxygens to coordinate bound Ca2+. Here we investigate the mechanisms used by this coordinating array to control ion specificity. To vary the cavity size and charge of the array, we have replaced axial glutamine 142 in the prokaryotic site with asparagine, glutamate, and aspartate. The ion selectivities of the resulting engineered sites have been quantitated by measuring dissociation constants for a series of spherical metal ions, differing in increments of radius and charge, from groups Ia, IIa, and IIIa and the lanthanides. Dramatic specificity changes are observed: sites containing an engineered smaller side chain (Asn or Asp) bind the largest cations up to 50-fold more tightly than the native site; and sites containing an engineered negative side chain (Glu or Asp) exhibit preferences for trivalent over divalent cations up to 1900-fold higher than the native site. The results indicate that the cavity size and negative charge of the coordination array play key roles in selective Ca2+ binding and that the array can be engineered to preferentially bind other cations.
Interaction between Nutrients, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Inflammation (1996)

Other| August 01 1996 Interaction between Nutrients, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Inflammation Robert F. Grimble Robert F. Grimble 1Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1996) 91 (2): 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0910121 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Robert F. Grimble; Interaction between Nutrients, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Inflammation. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 August 1996; 91 (2): 121–130. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0910121 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search Keywords: amino acids, antioxidants, cytokines, fats, glutathione, inflammation, interleukin, nutrition, tumour necrosis factor, vitamin E © 1996 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Recent Advances in InP DHBT Manufacturing Technology (2006)

A second-generation 0.5 mum InP double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) technology has been developed with outstanding manufacturability and scalability for advanced RF and mixed-signal integrated-circuit applications. It incorporates self-aligned refractory-metal-based ohmic contacts, ledge passivation for both the EB and BC junctions, and a mature interconnect process. Through process and epi-structure optimization, recent experimental high-speed devices yielded over 400 GHz f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> and 450 GHz f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> , and separately, high-power devices yielded BV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CEO</sub> over 20 V with knee voltage under 0.5 V
Electrocaloric Materials for Solid‐State Refrigeration (2009)

Abstract The electrocaloric effect (ECE) in dielectric materials has great potential in realizing solid‐state cooling devices with compact size and high efficiency, which are highly desirable for a broad range of applications. This paper presents the general considerations for dielectric materials to achieve large ECE and reviews the experimental efforts investigating ECE in various polar dielectrics. For practical cooling devices, an ECE material must possess a large isothermal entropy change besides a large adiabatic temperature change. We show that polar dielectrics operated at temperatures near order–disorder transition have potential to achieve large ECE due to the possibility of large change in polarization induced by electric field and large entropy change associated with the polarization change. We further show that indeed the ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride–trifluoroethylene)‐based polymers display a large ECE, i.e., an isothermal entropy change of more than 55 J (kgK) −1 and an adiabatic temperature change of more than 12 °C, at temperatures above the order–disorder transition.
Purified Epstein-Barr virus Mr 340,000 glycoprotein induces potent virus-neutralizing antibodies when incorporated in liposomes. (1982)

The purified Mr 340,000 glycoprotein component of Epstein-Barr (EB) virus-induced membrane antigen complex incorporated into liposomes was shown to be a potent immunogen in mice. High-titer antisera were induced that (i) are specific for membrane antigen components without absorption, (ii) bind the antigens induced by three different EB virus isolates, and (iii) neutralize the ability of the virus to transform fetal cord blood lymphocytes in vitro. The development of this immunogenic form of purified antigen provides an important step towards a potential subunit vaccine against Epstein-Barr virus infection.
Follicular Fluid Oocyte/Cumulus-Free DNA Concentrations as a Potential Biomolecular Marker of Embryo Quality and IVF Outcome (2014)

The present prospective study examined the follicular fluid oocyte/cumulus-free DNA concentrations (ff o/c-free DNA) during ovarian stimulation and the possible association between ff o/c-free DNA and embryological results such as embryo quality and pregnancy rate. Eighty-three women undergoing IV/ICSI-ET treatments were prospectively included in this study. ff o/c-free DNA was determined by conventional quantitative real time PCR-Sybr green detection approach. The 83 ff samples were categorized in two groups: group 1 (n = 62) with cumulus oocytes complexes (CoCs) ≥2 and group 2 (n = 21) with CoCs = 1. Group 1 revealed significant higher embryo quality in terms of mean score of embryo transfer (MSET), but lower ff o/c-free DNA concentrations compared to group 2. The two groups showed comparable pregnancy rates (positive hCG and clinical pregnancy). The higher the ff o/c-free DNA concentration, the lower the number of produced oocytes. ff o/c-free DNA did not seem to have any direct role in the IVF outcome. Further research is required to clarify whether ff o/c-free DNA is a biomolecular marker of embryo quality and IVF outcome.
Candidacidal activity of a monoclonal antibody that binds with glycosyl moieties of proteins of<i>Candida albicans</i> (2006)

The incidence of life threatening mycoses caused by opportunistic fungi has increased dramatically in recent years with Candida and Aspergillus being the most commonly encountered species. Candida albicans ranks among the four most common causes of bloodstream infections and is responsible for vulvovaginal candidiasis in the majority of women in their reproductive years. Limited spectrum of antifungal activity of currently available antifungals and emergence of resistance has become a serious problem. Therefore, in search of an alternative form of treatment of candidiasis, in the present study a monoclonal antibody (MAb-G5) of IgA isotype was identified from the hybridoma produced by the fusion of lymphocytes of C. albicans immunized mouse with Sp2/O cells. The MAb-G5 exhibited in vitro candidacidal activity and was also found to be useful for treatment and prophylactic use under experimental conditions in vivo.
Angelman syndrome in Denmark. Birth incidence, genetic findings, and age at diagnosis (2013)

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurogenetic disorder caused by loss of expression of the maternal imprinted gene UBE3A on chromosome 15q11.2-q13. Clinical features of AS include severe intellectual disability, a happy disposition, ataxia, mandibular prognatism, and epilepsy. Our objectives were to examine the birth incidence of AS in Denmark and to characterize the size of the 15q11.2-q13 deletions with 1,000K array CGH. In addition, we analyzed genotype differences in regard to age at diagnosis and investigated the occurrence of deletions/duplications outside the 15q11.2-q13 regions. We identified 51 patients with genetically verified AS, which corresponded to a birth incidence of 1:24,580 (95%CI: 1:23,727-1:25,433). Thirty-six patients showed a deletion; 13 had a Class I deletion and 20 had a Class II deletion. There was bimodal distribution of the BP3 breakpoint. Three patients had larger and atypical deletions, with distal breakpoints telomeric to BP3. Five patients had paternal uniparental disomy (pUPD) of chromosome 15, and four had a verified UBE3A mutation. Additional deletions/duplications outside the 15q11.2-q13 areas were demonstrated in half the participants. Six harbored more than one CNV. Mean age at diagnosis was 21 months (95%CI: 17-23 months) for children with a deletion and 46 months (95%CI: 36-55 months) for children with pUPD or a UBE3A mutation (P < 0.01). The presence of a CNV outside 15q11.2-q13 did not have an impact on age at diagnosis.
Ontology Design with Formal Concept Analysis. (2004)

Ontologies, often defined as an explicit specification of conceptualization, are necessary for knowledge representation and knowledge exchange. Usually this means that ontology describes concepts and relations that exist in a domain. To enable knowledge exchange, it is necessary to describe these concepts and relations in a better way than just ordering them in taxonomy. However, ontology design usually starts and stops with designing taxonomies. We present a method that is based on formal concept analysis, which is a theory of data analysis which identifies conceptual structures among data sets. This method allows for discovering necessity for new concepts and relations in an ontology, which leads to an ontology that has these entities described in a way suitable for knowledge exchange.
Conformal superstrate loaded automotive radar antenna for integration in polymer car body panels (2010)

In this contribution the design process for hot embossed millimeter-wave antennas integrated in plastic multilayer car body panels is presented. Starting from material characteristics and fixed parameters obtained by the investigation of the fabrication process steps, the design of a microstrip patch antenna working at 24GHz will be demonstrated. The antenna is embedded within a plastic multi-layer structure by laminating the substrate layer with a paint foil and reinforcing the part by back injection molding. The comparison between simulation and measurement results will give information about the producibility of conformal integrated antennas for automotive radar applications like pre-crash detection or parking aid.
Screening for multiple sclerosis cognitive impairment using a self-administered 15-item questionnaire (2003)

Since there is a need for cost-effective screening techniques to identify neuropsychological impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and because existing methods require cognitive testing with subsequent interpretation by a neuropsychologist, a brief self-report procedure was developed to screen for neuropsychological impairment in MS. In the first phase of the study, a pool of 80 items was generated based on a literature review and consultation with healthcare professionals. The set was reduced to 15 via Rasch analysis. Using these items, a brief (five minute) MS Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire (MSNQ), including patient- and informant-report forms, was composed. In phase II, 50 MS patients and their caregivers completed the MSNQ. A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was also administered. Analyses covered the reliability of the MSNQ and correlations between both patient- and informant-report scores and objective neuropsychological testing. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.93 and 0.94 for the patient- and informant-report forms, respectively, and both forms of the test were strongly correlated with a more general cognitive complaints questionnaire. The patient MSNQ form correlated significantly with measures of depression but not with objective tests of cognitive function. In contrast, the informant form was correlated with patient cognitive performance but not depression. A cut-off score of 27 on the informant form of the MSNQ optimally separated patients based on a neuropsychological summary score encompassing measures of processing speed and memory. There were two false-negatives and one false-positive, giving the test a sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.97. It is concluded, therefore, that this self-administered neuropsychological screening test is reliable and predicts neuropsychological impairment in MS patients with a reasonable degree of accuracy.
Phase Separation of Borosilicate Glass with Molybdenum Oxide Addition and Pore Structure of Porous Glass (1985)

分相させたナトリウムホウケイ酸ガラスを酸溶出して得られる多孔質ガラスは, 通常ホウ酸相中のシリカ成分に由来するコロイド状シリカを含んでいる. コロイド状シリカの析出を防ぐ目的で, ホウケイ酸ガラスに三酸化モリブデンを加えたところ, ガラスの乳濁が促進された. キャスト時に乳濁し, 不透明になったガラスはX線的にアモルファスであったが, 発達した球状の分相構造を示し, 酸化モリブデンのガラスへの溶解度と関連した分相が生じているものと考えられた. この分相は高温で起こり, 冷却過程で急速に進行すると思われる. 熱処理するとこれとは別の分相構造が生じ, シリカ-ホウ酸-酸化ナトリウム3成分系本来の分相によるものと推論された. 熱処理によって “からみ合い” 構造が生じた分相ガラスを酸溶出することにより, 多孔質シリカ骨格を有する多孔質ガラスが得られた. この多孔質ガラスのシリカ骨格の細孔中に析出したコロイド状シリカは出発ガラスのシリカ含有量が増加するとともに増加し, それにつれて骨格の細孔容積は著しく減少した.
Doppler modelling of radar sea clutter (2001)

Data from a cliff top radar experiment conducted off the south coast of England are examined in order to investigate the applicability of a three-component model for radar Doppler spectra, developed using laboratory wavetank data, to coastal water sea clutter. This is achieved by a detailed analysis of the prominent features in the cliff top radar data in terms of polarisation and Doppler characteristics, and decorrelation times. This analysis confirms the presence of the same Bragg and non-Bragg scattering mechanisms as observed in the laboratory wave tank. A dependence of each of the scattering mechanisms on wind direction can also be inferred, showing that Bragg resonant scattering from capillary waves and non-Bragg scattering from highly disturbed white water after a wave has broken are present in both the up and down wind cases, while the highly polarised HH `sea spikes' appear only when the radar is looking into the wind. It is shown that the three-component Bragg–whitecap–spike model for Doppler spectra is able to describe both the up and down wind cases well, and that the RMS tilt angle of the underlying gravity waves can be extracted from the Bragg scattering polarisation ratio via the composite surface scattering model.
Recent advances in breast cancer biology (1998)

Recent advances have been made in several areas of molecular biology that have improved our understanding of the development and spread of breast cancer. Previous epidemiological studies provided incontrovertible evidence that hormones are crucial determinants of breast cancer susceptibility, and recent discoveries have further defined the interaction of estrogen with its receptors. Additional progress has been made in understanding the role of apoptosis and telomerase expression in breast cancer development and prognosis. Finally, rapid progress continues to be made in the area of breast cancer genetics.
HTTP Web Services (2009)

HTTP web services are programmatic ways of sending and receiving data from remote servers using nothing but the operations of HTTP. If you want to get data from the server, use HTTP GET; if you want to send new data to the server, use HTTP POST. Some more advanced HTTP web service APIs also define ways of creating, modifying, and deleting data, using HTTP PUT and HTTP DELETE. In other words, the verbs built into the HTTP protocol (GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE) can map directly to application-level operations for retrieving, creating, modifying, and deleting data.
Monoclonal Antibody against Mouse CAR following Genetic Immunization (2004)

To broaden our repertoire of monoclonal antibodies against CAR (coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor), we inoculated mice with an expression vector containing the cDNA encoding human CAR extracellular and transmembrane sequence, and boosted the response by inoculation with soluble human CAR protein produced in E. coli. Of the hybridomas obtained following this immunization protocol, one secreted IgG with exceptional reactivity against mouse CAR. Since CAR has been shown to form dimers, expression of human CAR in cells that express mouse CAR may have stimulated the host immune system to recognize endogenous CAR in heterodimers.
Routine Vitamin Supplementation To Prevent Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: Recommendations and Rationale (2003)

This statement summarizes the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations on routine vitamin supplementation to prevent cancer and cardiovascular disease and the supporting scientific evidence. Part of the information on which this statement is based, including evidence tables and references, is available in the accompanying article on vitamins to prevent cardiovascular disease in this issue. More complete information can be found in the summaries of the evidence on vitamins to prevent cancer and vitamins to prevent cardiovascular disease, available on the USPSTF Web site (http://www.preventiveservices.ahrq.gov) and through the National Guideline Clearinghouse (http://www.guideline.gov). The summaries of the evidence on these topics and the recommendation statement are also available in print through subscription to the Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, Third Edition: Periodic Updates. A subscription costs $60 U.S. and can be ordered through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Publications Clearinghouse (call 800-358-9295 or e-mail mailto:ahrqpubs@ahrq.gov).
Dangers and uses of cross-correlation in analyzing time series in perception, performance, movement, and neuroscience: The importance of constructing transfer function autoregressive models (2015)

Many articles on perception, performance, psychophysiology, and neuroscience seek to relate pairs of time series through assessments of their cross-correlations. Most such series are individually autocorrelated: they do not comprise independent values. Given this situation, an unfounded reliance is often placed on cross-correlation as an indicator of relationships (e.g., referent vs. response, leading vs. following). Such cross-correlations can indicate spurious relationships, because of autocorrelation. Given these dangers, we here simulated how and why such spurious conclusions can arise, to provide an approach to resolving them. We show that when multiple pairs of series are aggregated in several different ways for a cross-correlation analysis, problems remain. Finally, even a genuine cross-correlation function does not answer key motivating questions, such as whether there are likely causal relationships between the series. Thus, we illustrate how to obtain a transfer function describing such relationships, informed by any genuine cross-correlations. We illustrate the confounds and the meaningful transfer functions by two concrete examples, one each in perception and performance, together with key elements of the R software code needed. The approach involves autocorrelation functions, the establishment of stationarity, prewhitening, the determination of cross-correlation functions, the assessment of Granger causality, and autoregressive model development. Autocorrelation also limits the interpretability of other measures of possible relationships between pairs of time series, such as mutual information. We emphasize that further complexity may be required as the appropriate analysis is pursued fully, and that causal intervention experiments will likely also be needed.
A STUDY OF THE OXIDATION OF SOME DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF CERTAIN CATALYSTS<sup>1</sup> (1928)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA STUDY OF THE OXIDATION OF SOME DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF CERTAIN CATALYSTS1James H. Walton and Donald P. GrahamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1928, 50, 6, 1641–1648Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1928Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1928https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01393a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01393a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effective Medium Theory of the Optical Properties of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (1997)

We present an effective medium theory in order to analyze the reported optical properties of aligned carbon nanotube films [W. A. de Heer et al., Science 268, 845 (1995)]. This methodology is based on photonic band structure calculations and allows treatment of complex media consisting of particles that interact strongly. We also develop a simple Maxwell-Garnett type approach for studying this system. In comparing the results of both mean field theories, we demonstrate that the inclusion of the full electromagnetic coupling between the nanotubes, as our numerical scheme does, is necessary for a complete explanation of the experimental data.