gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new method for repeated drug infusion into the femoral artery of mice (2012)

Intraarterial chemotherapy (IAC) is considered effective for the treatment of solid tumors with high local doses of systemically toxic chemotherapeutics. Osteosarcoma, which is often located in the extremities, is a potential target for IAC. However, the efficacy of this treatment modality has varied, and standardized protocols are difficult to establish due to tumor heterogeneity and the limited numbers of patients available for clinical trials. Reproducible experimental models are needed to further investigate IAC in osteosarcoma. Here, we describe a new microsurgical technique for repeated infusion of drugs into the mouse femoral artery for local treatment of experimental intratibial metastasizing osteosarcoma. We successfully achieved 5 catheterizations at 3-d intervals in 70% of the mice tested. Laser speckle imaging indicated a maximal 50% reduction in blood flow around the ankle region of catheterized legs infused with 0.5 mg/kg cisplatin. However, blood flow in the front feet was affected only minimally. Histologic examination of catheterized arteries of saline control or cisplatin-treated mice showed circular fibrinoid media necrosis and partial thrombosis, but total occlusion of the arteries was not observed. The method we describe for repeated transient catheterization of the mouse femoral artery likely will be useful in future studies comparing the efficacies of intraarterial and systemic cisplatin treatment of intratibial metastasizing osteosarcoma in mice under standardized conditions.
Competitive addition of near-thermal fluorine-18 atoms to olefins (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCompetitive addition of near-thermal fluorine-18 atoms to olefinsThomas Smail, R. Subramonia Iyer, and F. S. RowlandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 4, 1041–1046Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00759a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00759a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Semiconductor laser dynamics for feedback from a finite-penetration-depth phase-conjugate mirror (1997)

Most of the previous treatments of semiconductor lasers subject to optical feedback from a phase-conjugate mirror (PCM) have assumed that the PCM responds instantaneously. Furthermore, the mechanism responsible for phase conjugation does not usually enter into the analysis. In this paper, we derive the time-dependent reflectivity of a PCM created through nondegenerate four-wave mixing in a Kerr-type nonlinear medium. The resulting laser dynamics are compared with the case of the ideal PCM, as a function of the external-cavity length, the PCM reflectivity, and the PCM interaction depth. The PCM with a significant interaction depth tends to suppress otherwise chaotic output and produces pulses whose repetition rate is tunable by varying PCM reflectivity. At high feedback levels, it stabilizes the laser output. We use the circle-map formalism to explain our numerical results.
In Situ Evaluation of Density, Viscosity, and Thickness of Adsorbed Soft Layers by Combined Surface Acoustic Wave and Surface Plasmon Resonance (2006)

We show the theoretical and experimental combination of acoustic and optical methods for the in situ quantitative evaluation of the density, the viscosity, and the thickness of soft layers adsorbed on chemically tailored metal surfaces. For the highest sensitivity and an operation in liquids, a Love mode surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor with a hydrophobized gold-coated sensing area is the acoustic method, while surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on the same gold surface as the optical method is monitored simultaneously in a single setup for the real-time and label-free measurement of the parameters of adsorbed soft layers, which means for layers with a predominant viscous behavior. A general mathematical modeling in equivalent viscoelastic transmission lines is presented to determine the correlation between experimental SAW signal shifts and the waveguide structure including the presence of the adsorbed layer and the supporting liquid from which it segregates. A methodology is presented to identify from SAW and SPR simulations the parameters representatives of the soft layer. During the absorption of a soft layer, thickness or viscosity changes are observed in the experimental ratio of the SAW signal attenuation to the SAW signal phase and are correlated with the theoretical model. As application example, the simulation method is applied to study the thermal behavior of physisorbed PNIPAAm, a polymer whose conformation is sensitive to temperature, under a cycling variation of temperature between 20 and 40 degrees C. Under the assumption of the bulk density and the bulk refractive index of PNIPAAm, thickness and viscosity of the film are obtained from simulations; the viscosity is correlated to the solvent content of the physisorbed layer.
Sociology and Social Policy (1984)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Measurement of the velocity of ultrasound in the human femur <i>in vivo</i> (1980)

A pulse-echo technique for measuring the velocity of ultrasound in the cortex of the femur in vivo is presented. The average result for 27 asymptomatic volunteers is 3250 +/- 190 m/s. The results show no significant differences between proximal and distal femoral sites, right and left femora, males and females. There is also no significant difference between the velocity of sound in the femur and in the radius in normal volunteers. The reproducibility of the time of flight measurement for three volunteers is found to be about 2%, and the total uncertainty of the femoral velocity of ultrasound measurement is determined to be 4% for proximal sites and 7% for distal sites. As the femur is a load-bearing bone, the site of frequent fracture both in the elderly and in the osteoporotic, the measurement of the velocity of sound at this new site may be of great value in investigating these conditions and may ultimately be helpful in assessing "quality" of the femoral cortex in those patients undergoing total hip or knee replacement.
Structure-activity relationships of antifilarial antimycin analogs: a multivariate pattern recognition study (1990)

The structure-activity relationships of a series of novel antifilarial antimycin A1 analogues have been investigated by using computational chemistry and multivariate statistical techniques. The physiochemical descriptors calculated in this way contained information which was useful in the classification of compounds according to their in vitro antifilarial activity. This approach generated a 53 parameter descriptor set, which was reduced with a multivariate pattern recognition package, ARTHUR. Regression analysis of the reduced set yielded several statistically significant regression equations; e.g.-log in vitro activity = 0.017 mp + 0.65 log P - 0.81ESDL10-7.33 (R = 0.9). With use of this equation, it was possible to make predictions for further untested analogues. The analysis indicated that membrane or lipid solubility is an important determinant in biological activity agreeing with the proposed primary mode of action of the compounds as disrupters of cuticular glucose uptake.
Robotic laser welding: seam sensor and laser focal frame registration (2002)

Robotic laser welding places extreme demands on the spatial accuracy with which the robot must position the focal point of the laser with respect to the joint to be welded. The required level of accuracy is difficult to achieve in a production environment without the use of end-point sensor based control of the robot. This requires that the end-point sensor frame and welding laser frame be accurately calibrated with respect to each other, as well as with respect to the robot wrist frame. This calibration can be difficult to perform since the sensor and laser frames are virtual in the sense that these are located in space with respect to the physical hardware, and the wrist frame of the robot is often not physically accessible. This paper presents the design of a calibration system with which these frames may be precisely defined with respect to each other.
Transport system ASC for neutral amino acids. An electroneutral sodium/amino acid cotransport sensitive to the membrane potential. (1992)

The influx of L-threonine through system ASC does not influence the membrane potential in cultured human fibroblasts although comparable fluxes of amino acids through another Na(+)-dependent agency, system A, effectively depolarize the cells. The membrane potential, however, stimulates the influx of amino acids through system ASC with a maximal effect at -50 mV. The sensitivity of amino acid influx through system ASC to the membrane potential is not constant, but rather, is dependent on intracellular and extracellular concentrations of the substrates, Na+ and amino acids, of the system. Conditions which favor the loading of the ASC carrier at the external surface reduce the sensitivity of ASC-mediated amino acid influx to the membrane potential; in contrast, the sensitivity of this amino acid influx increases under conditions which favor loading of the carrier at the internal surface. Trans-stimulation, a well-known characteristic of system ASC, also varies with the concentrations of the substrates of the system and, in fact, this characteristic is not observed when external Na+ is low. These data may be accommodated by a model in which an electrically silent mode of operation of the transporter is dominant. The influence of the membrane potential on the transport system is dependent on the extent to which a charge-translocating step in the cycling of the carrier is rate limiting (relative rate limitance).
A 10 Gbps full-AES crypto design with a twisted-BDD S-Box architecture (2003)

In this paper, we present a high-speed AES IP-core, which runs at 780 MHz on a 0. 13 /spl mu/m CMOS standard cell library, and which achieves 10 Gbps throughput in all encryption modes, including CBC mode. Although the CBC mode is the most widely used and important, achieving such high throughput was difficult because pipelining techniques cannot be applied. To reduce the propagation delays of the S-Box, the most critical function block, we developed a special circuit architecture that we call twisted-BDD, where the fanout of signals is distributed in the S-Box circuit. Our S-Box is 1.5 to 2 times faster than the conventional S-Box implementations. The T-Box algorithm, which merges the S-Box and another primitive function (MixColumns) into a single function, is also used for an additional speedup.
Role of the Omp25/Omp31 Family in Outer Membrane Properties and Virulence of<i>Brucella ovis</i> (2007)

The genes coding for the five outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of the Omp25/Omp31 family expected to be located in the outer membrane (OM) of rough virulent Brucella ovis PA were inactivated to evaluate their role in virulence and OM properties. The OM properties of the mutant strains and of the mutants complemented with the corresponding wild-type genes were analyzed, in comparison with the parental strain and rough B. abortus RB51, in several tests: (i) binding of anti-Omp25 and anti-Omp31 monoclonal antibodies, (ii) autoagglutination of bacterial suspensions, and (iii) assessment of susceptibility to polymyxin B, sodium deoxycholate, hydrogen peroxide, and nonimmune ram serum. A tight balance of the members of the Omp25/Omp31 family was seen to be essential for the stability of the B. ovis OM, and important differences between the OMs of B. ovis PA and B. abortus RB51 rough strains were observed. Regarding virulence, the absence of Omp25d and Omp22 from the OM of B. ovis PA led to a drastic reduction in spleen colonization in mice. While the greater susceptibility of the Deltaomp22 mutant to nonimmune serum and its difficulty in surviving in the stationary phase might be on the basis of its dramatic attenuation, no defects in the OM able to explain the attenuation of the Deltaomp25d mutant were found, especially considering that the fully virulent Deltaomp25c mutant displayed more important OM defects. Accordingly, Omp25d, and perhaps Omp22, could be directly involved in the penetration and/or survival of B. ovis inside host cells. This aspect, together with the role of Omp25d and Omp22 in the virulence both of B. ovis in rams and of other Brucella species, should be thoroughly evaluated in future studies.
Isolation of catechin-converting human intestinal bacteria (2011)

The majority of catechin metabolites are generated by the intestinal microbiota. The identification of catechin-converting gut bacteria therefore contributes to the elucidation of the bioactivation and the health effects of catechins.
Evaluation of synovial angiogenesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using 68Ga-PRGD2 PET/CT: a prospective proof-of-concept cohort study (2014)

This study has been registered online at NIH ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT01940926).
Determination of ions in individual fluid inclusions by laser ablation optical emission spectroscopy: development and applications to natural fluid inclusions (1999)

Chemical data on the composition of individual fluid inclusions are required to model paleofluid-rock interactions, as these inclusions are the direct remains of the former fluid circulation in the earth's crust. The proposed technique of laser ablation coupled with optical emission spectrometry (LA-OES) determines ion ratios in individual fluid inclusions. The radiations of the elements present in the plasma are analysed with a spectrometer equipped with a pulsed and gated multichannel detector. The lateral resolution is around 6 µm and the depth of the quartz crater obtained for one laser shot is around 1 µm. For fluid inclusions, the laser beam is initially focused on the surface of the sample, to drill until the inclusion is reached, then the liquid is analysed. Plasma temperature studies showed that various kinds of standards (synthetic glasses, fluid inclusions and minerals) can be used for the establishment of calibration curves for Na/K, Na/Ca and Na/Li ratios. As the emission line intensity is a function of the ablated mass, only emission line ratios between two elements are used. In addition, a self-absorption process was considered for the calibration strategy. The relative standard deviations of the calibration curves vary from 5% (glasses) to 25% (fluid inclusions) and the detection limits are those required for the determination of ions in individual inclusions (Na and Li 10, Ca 20 and K 750 ppm). Natural fluid inclusions were analysed using the LA-OES technique and it is now possible to determine the ratios of major elements in individual fluid inclusions.
Design of a Cylindrical Shaped Scintillation Camera for Positron Tomographs (1985)

The design of a cylindrically shaped scintillation camera for volume imaging of positron emitters is discussed. The design is based on the detector concepts developed for a single ring scintillation camera, i.e., the Massachusetts General Hospital analog ring camera. Detector characteristics derived from both computer modeling and measurements are presented.
Radiofrequency Plasma Sources for Semiconductor Processing (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Capacitively Coupled Plasmas Dual-Frequency CCPs Inductively Coupled Plasmas General Description Anomalous Skin Depth Magnetized ICPs Helicon Wave Sources General Description Unusual Features Extended Helicon Sources
Relationship Between Beats Above Baseline Index (BABI) and Physiological Cost Index (PCI) During Walking with Leg Length Discrepancy (1996)

The purpose of this study was to assess the criterion-referenced validity of the beats above baseline index (BABI) in relation to physiological cost index (PCI) by having subjects walk with leg length discrepancy and to evaluate the need to supplement shoe height to compensate for leg length discrepancy based on the changes in BABI and PCI in 8 healthy men. The exercise task in the experiments was continuous walking of a 200-m distance along a figure “8”-shaped path, each circle of which was 30 m long. The degree of task difficulty varied among 5 different gaits with leg length discrepancies of 0 cm to 4 cm under two conditions: comfortable walking speed and maximal walking speed. The criterion-referenced validity of BABI in relation to PCI was high at r=0.85-0.89, demonstrating that BABI can be applied to walking tasks. There were no significant differences between time for task completion, walking speed, stride length or cadence at the two walking speeds when leg length discrepancy was no more than 4 cm. At the comfortable walking speed, however, there were significant individual differences between BABI and PCI at differences in leg length of 4 cm and 0 cm, of 4 cm and 1 cm, and of 4 cm and 2 cm. When gait withleg length discrepancies is considered from the standpoint of task difficulty assessed by BABI and energy expenditure assessed by PCI, supplementing shoe height is considered necessary at leg length differences of 4 cm or more
Production of Restructured Meat using Microbial Transglutaminase without Salt or Cooking (1997)

ABSTRACT To produce restructured meat, microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) was evaluated for its ability to introduce covalent crosslinks between protein molecules. Pork muscle cubes were mixed with MTGase and held at 5°C for 2 hr for the enzyme reaction. Restructured products were analyzed for binding strength without cooking. MTGase treatment resulted in effective binding of meat pieces provided there was addition of salt (NaCl). To ensure proper binding without NaCl, some food proteins with MTGase were also investigated. Meat cubes in combination with MTGase and sodium caseinate showed acceptable bind, and sodium caseinate appeared to be a superior substrate for the crosslinking to meat proteins than soy protein, whey protein, or gelatin. These results suggest a useful method for producing restructured meat which can be distributed in the raw, chilled state.
Tight clustering of human hepatitis B virus integration sites in hepatomas near a triple-stranded region (1987)

The open circular genome of human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is known to contain a partially double-stranded DNA with a single-stranded gap region of variable length. This circular structure of the genome is maintained by base-pairing of the 5' ends of the two DNA stands, the long or L(-) strand and the short or S(+) strand. By cloning, mapping, and sequencing studies, we have localized three recombinational junctions of the integrated HBV in two hepatoma samples, HT14 and FOCUS. Breakpoints of recombination derived from these results and those of others appear to be clustered and coincidental with the identified 5' or the deduced 3' end of the long-strand DNA, respectively. Statistical analysis of these results supports the hypothesis that integration preferentially occurs in an extremely narrow region on the HBV genome. This site-specific recombinational mechanism appears to be conserved among different HBV subtypes. No extensive sequence homology was found between each pair of the recombining parental molecules; however, at the site of crossover, 2- to 3-base-pair junctional homology was consistently observed. Examination of the patterns of the integrated HBV DNAs allowed us to categorize these various patterns into four different groups according to their end specificity and strand polarity. The molecular form of relaxed circle is proposed to be one major substrate for HBV integration. The effect of free strand in the integration of HBV is emphasized in this model. Unlike any other known DNA animal viruses, the site specificity of HBV integration appears to be similar to that of the retroviruses.
Hydrogen annealing of arrays of planar and vertically stacked Si nanowires (2007)

Four level matrices of round, 35nm in diameter Si nanowires (NWs) are obtained thanks to a top-down approach. In particular, we report optimized H2 annealing conditions (800to900°C) in order to reconstruct the plasma-etched surfaces of the suspended nanowires. The nanowire shape evolution has been studied in scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The side roughness decrease and the rounding of the NWs have been quantified. The instability of the anchors of the NWs to the contact regions has been evidenced and confirmed by surface diffusion simulations.
EIA—An Overview (1995)

(1995). EIA—An Overview. Australian Journal of Environmental Management: Vol. 2, Environmental Impact Assessment: Trends and Issues, pp. 62-64.
Phytocomponents of triterpenoids, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, regulated differently the processing of epidermal keratinocytes via PPAR‐α pathway (2005)

Naturally occurring triterpenoids such as oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) are known to have anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities in some types of cells. Although it has been reported that UA increases the amount of ceramide in keratinocytes, there is little study on the mechanism of triterpenoids involved in the differentiation of keratinocytes as well as their effects on epidermal permeability barrier. A study was therefore conducted to determine whether OA and UA could stimulate the differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha activation. This work was then extended to investigate the rate of formation of cornified envelope as a marker in the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes and the amount of transglutaminase in human keratinocytes treated with OA and UA. It was shown that OA induced the differentiation of keratinocytes, whereas UA had little effect. In addition, reporter gene assay using PPAR response element activity demonstrated that OA might be related to the increase of PPAR-alpha activity in CV-1 cells. Moreover, it enhanced the recovery of epidermal permeability barrier function as well as increased ceramides in epidermis after topical application. We therefore propose that the effect of OA on the stimulation of differentiation in epidermal keratinocytes seems to be highly related to activation of PPAR-alpha.
An introduction to contemporary cryptology (1988)

An appraisal is given of the current status, both technical and nontechnical, of cryptologic research. The principal concepts of both secret-key and public-key cryptography are described. C.E. Shanon's theory of secrecy (1949) and G.J. Simon's theory authenticity (1984) are reviewed for the insight that they give into practical cryptographic systems. Public-key concepts are illustrated through consideration of the Diffie-Hellman public-key-distribution system and the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman public-key cryptosystem. The subtleties of cryptographic protocols are shown through consideration of some such specific protocols.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>