gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Text Document Preprocessing with the Bayes Formula for Classification Using the Support Vector Machine (2008)

This work implements an enhanced hybrid classification method through the utilization of the naïve Bayes classifier and the Support Vector Machine (SVM). In this project, the Bayes formula was used to vectorize (as opposed to classify) a document according to a probability distribution reflecting the probable categories that the document may belong to. The Bayes formula gives a range of probabilities to which the document can be assigned according to a pre determined set of topics such as those found in the "20 newsgroups" dataset for instance. Using this probability distribution as the vectors to represent the document, the SVM can then be used to classify the documents on a multi – dimensional level. The effects of an inadvertent dimensionality reduction caused by classifying using only the highest probability using the naïve Bayes classifier can be overcome using the SVM by employing all the probability values associated with every category for each document. This method can be used for any dataset and shows a significant reduction in training time as compared to the LSquare method and significant improvement in classification accuracy when compared to pure naïve Bayes systems and also the TF-IDF/SVM hybrids.
Tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) detects a specific epitope structure on human cytokeratin. (1997)

A TPS-reactive protein fragment from a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. N-terminal sequence analysis of the purified 13 kDa protein fragment demonstrated that the component was a fragment of human cytokeratin 18. The M3 monoclonal antibody (detector antibody in the TPS assay) was applied for screening of an expression library. The M3-reactive phage clones were subcloned and PCR amplified. DNA-sequence analysis revealed it to contain a nucleotide fragment corresponding to human cytokeratin 18. Smaller fragment, engineered by PCR and expressed as fusion proteins, demonstrated that the M3 epitope is localized to human cytokeratin 18, amino acid residues 322-340.
BRI<sub>3</sub> associates with SCG10 and attenuates NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells (2008)

In a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified the microtubule-destabilizing protein SCG10 as a potential effector protein of BRI3. The association was verified using GST pull-down, Co-IP, and their perinuclear co-localization. The analysis of in vitro microtubule polymerization/depolymerization showed that the binding of BRI3 to SCG10 effectively blocked the ability of SCG10 to induce microtubule disassembly, as determined by turbidimetric assays. In intact PC12 cells, BRI3 exhibited the ability to stabilize the microtubule network and attenuate the microtubuledestabilizing activity of SCG10. Furthermore, co-expression of BRI3 with SCG10 attenuated SCG10-mediated PC12 cell neurite outgrowth induced by NGF. These results identify a novel connection between a neuron-specific BRI protein and the cytoskeletal network, suggesting possible roles of BRI3 in the process of neuronal differentiation.
Experimental Chemotherapy of Burns and Shock I. Methods. II. Effects of Local Therapy upon Mortality from Shock (1942)

Sanford M. Rosenthal, Experimental Chemotherapy of Burns and Shock I. Methods. II. Effects of Local Therapy upon Mortality from Shock, Public Health Reports (1896-1970), Vol. 57, No. 51 (Dec. 18, 1942), pp. 1923-1935
Correlation between conformation and antibody binding: NMR structure of cross‐reactive peptides from <i>T. cruzi</i>, human and <i>L. braziliensis</i> (2004)

The structure of peptides corresponding to the C-terminal residues from Trypanosoma cruzi (R13), human (H13) and Leishmania braziliensis (A13) ribosomal proteins were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance. Although there is only one amino acid difference between them, the peptides present distinct structures in solution: R13 adopts a random coil conformation while H13 and A13 form a bend. Interaction of these peptides with polyclonal antibodies from chronic Chagas' disease patients and a monoclonal antibody raised against T. cruzi ribosomal P2beta protein was probed by transferred NOE. The results show that the flexibility of R13 is fundamental for the binding to the antibody.
Robust optimization of OSPF/IS-IS weights (2003)

All in-text\treferences\tunderlined\tin\tblue\tare\tlinked\tto\tpublications\ton\tResearchGate, letting you\taccess\tand\tread\tthem\timmediately.
A Physically Based Navigation Strategy for Sonar-Guided Vehicles (1991)

A novel navigation strategy is described that employs a time- of-flight sonar system to guide an autonomous vehicle through an unstructured environment composed of specular surfaces. Collisions are avoided by employing a scanning procedure that exploits the physics of sound propagation to detect objects. Physical models for the transducer beam and the reflection process are described. These models provide understanding about sonar ranging and are applied to deter mine the necessary scanning procedure for obstacle detection. In our environment, two types of echoes are observed: those reflected from surfaces and those diffracted from edges. Acoustic pulses reflected from oblique surfaces are not usually detected, and diffraction echoes are small and decrease with distance, making them difficult to detect. A scanning proce dure is developed to detect both types of obstacles. This pro cedure is employed to develop a navigation strategy that indicates the perceived obstacle-free region that guarantees that no collision will occur. The approach is illustrated with results produced by a vehicular robot equipped with a Polaroid sensor.
A new CDMA-based bandwidth request method for IEEE 802.16 OFDMA/TDD systems (2010)

This paper proposes an efficient bandwidth request method for a non-real-time polling service and best effort service in the IEEE 802.16 system. The proposed method produces a bandwidth request code to indicate the channel quality and the necessary number of slots. The base station allocates uplink bandwidth depending on the bandwidth request code. Thus, the proposed method can omit the transmission procedure of the bandwidth request message. The performance analysis results show that the proposed method can reduce the delay for the uplink data transmission.
The Effect of Meat Consumption on Body Odor Attractiveness (2006)

Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich source of information about its producer. Odor individuality partly results from genetic individuality, but the influence of ecological factors such as eating habits are another main source of odor variability. However, we know very little about how particular dietary components shape our body odor. Here we tested the effect of red meat consumption on body odor attractiveness. We used a balanced within-subject experimental design. Seventeen male odor donors were on "meat" or "nonmeat" diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary pads to collect body odor during the final 24 h of the diet. Fresh odor samples were assessed for their pleasantness, attractiveness, masculinity, and intensity by 30 women not using hormonal contraceptives. We repeated the same procedure a month later with the same odor donors, each on the opposite diet than before. Results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the odor of donors when on the nonmeat diet was judged as significantly more attractive, more pleasant, and less intense. This suggests that red meat consumption has a negative impact on perceived body odor hedonicity.
Towards a Molecular Understanding of Cation–Anion Interactions—Probing the Electronic Structure of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids by NMR Spectroscopy, X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations (2010)

Ten [C(8)C(1)Im](+) (1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium)-based ionic liquids with anions Cl(-), Br(-), I(-), [NO(3)](-), [BF(4)](-), [TfO](-), [PF(6)](-), [Tf(2)N](-), [Pf(2)N](-), and [FAP](-) (TfO=trifluoromethylsulfonate, Tf(2)N=bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, Pf(2)N=bis(pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)imide, FAP=tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate) and two [C(8)C(1)C(1)Im](+) (1,2-dimethyl-3-octylimidazolium)-based ionic liquids with anions Br(-) and [Tf(2)N](-) were investigated by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. While (1)H NMR spectroscopy is found to probe very specifically the strongest hydrogen-bond interaction between the hydrogen attached to the C(2) position and the anion, a comparative XPS study provides first direct experimental evidence for cation-anion charge-transfer phenomena in ionic liquids as a function of the ionic liquid's anion. These charge-transfer effects are found to be surprisingly similar for [C(8)C(1)Im](+) and [C(8)C(1)C(1)Im](+) salts of the same anion, which in combination with theoretical calculations leads to the conclusion that hydrogen bonding and charge transfer occur independently from each other, but are both more pronounced for small and more strongly coordinating anions, and are greatly reduced in the case of large and weakly coordinating anions.
A Structured-Light Approach for the Reconstruction of Complex Objects (2011)

Recently, one of the central issues in the fields of Photogrammetry, Computer Vision, Computer Graphics and Image Processing is the development of tools for the automatic reconstruction of complex 3D objects. Among various approaches, one of the most promising is Structured Light 3D scanning (SL) which combines automation and high accuracy with low cost, given the steady decrease in price of cameras and projectors. SL relies on the projection of different light patterns, by means of a video projector, on 3D object sur faces, which are recorded by one or more digital cameras. Automatic pattern identification on images allows reconstructing the shape of recorded 3D objects via triangulation of the optical rays corresponding to projector and camera pixels. Models draped with realistic phototexture may be thus also generated, reproducing both geometry and appearance of the 3D world. In this context, subject of our research is a synthesis of state-of-the-art as well as the development of novel algorithms, in order to implement a 3D scanning system consisting, at this stage, of one consumer digital camera (DSLR) and a video projector. In the following, the main principles of structured light scanning and the algorithms implemented in our system are presented, and results are given to demonstrate the potential of such a system. Since this work is part of an ongoing research project, future tasks are also discussed.
Rapamycin Protection of Livers From Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury Is Dependent on Both Autophagy Induction and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 2-Akt Activation (2014)

Rapamycin protected livers from IRI by both autophagy and mTORC2-Akt activation mechanisms.
Inhibition of sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling ameliorates murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (2016)

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a lipotoxic disorder, wherein proinflammatory lipids, such as ceramide and its derivative sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), contribute to macrophage-associated liver inflammation. For example, we have previously demonstrated a role for S1P in steatotic hepatocyte-derived S1P-enriched extracellular vesicles in macrophage chemotaxis in vitro. Therefore, we hypothesized that FTY720, an S1P antagonist, would ameliorate NASH by inhibiting proinflammatory monocyte chemotaxis. To test our hypothesis, NASH was established in C57BL/6 male mice by feeding a diet high in fructose, saturated fat, and cholesterol for 22 wk. Then mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of FTY720 for 2 wk before analysis of liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. FTY720-treated mice with NASH demonstrated improved liver histology with a significant reduction in hepatocyte ballooning and inflammatory foci. Hepatomegaly was reversed, and liver triglycerides were reduced following FTY720 administration to mice with NASH. Correspondingly, serum ALT levels, hepatic inflammatory macrophage accumulation, and the expression of Ly6C in recruited myeloid cells was reduced in FTY720-treated mice. Hepatic collagen accumulation and expression of α-smooth muscle actin were significantly lowered as well. Body composition, energy consumption and utilization, and hepatic sphingolipid composition remained unchanged following FTY720 administration. FTY720 ameliorates murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Reduction in liver injury and inflammation is associated with a reduction in hepatic macrophage accumulation, likely due to dampened recruitment of circulating myeloid cells into the liver. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis may be a novel indication for the therapeutic use of FTY720.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> There are no approved pharmacologic therapies for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. This study describes the use of FTY720, a novel small molecule, for the amelioration of NASH in a mouse model. We demonstrate that 2-wk administration of FTY720 to mice with NASH led to a reduction in liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. These data provide a preclinical rationale for studying this drug in human NASH.
The pill, parity, and rheumatoid arthritis (1990)

We report on a case-control study investigating the relationship of oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use and parity to the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Women with RA were compared with 2 separate control groups, women with osteoarthritis (OA) and women randomly selected from a population-based electoral register. Nulliparity was found to be a risk factor for the development of RA, with age-adjusted odds ratios of 1.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-3.03) versus the OA control group and 1.83 (95% CI 1.03-3.06) versus the population control group. Use of OCPs before the age of 35 was negatively associated with RA (odds ratio 0.56, 95% CI 0.29-1.12 versus the OA control group; odds ratio 0.6, 95% CI 0.30-1.17 versus the population control group). Some evidence of a duration-response effect was seen, although the numbers were small. The 2 variables were also multiplicative, with nulliparous non-OCP users having a 4-fold risk of RA compared with parous OCP users. These findings suggest that pregnancy and OCP use have a "protective effect" on the development of RA, although the mechanism remains unclear.
Mesenchymal stem cells: Molecular characteristics and clinical applications (2010)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into tissues of both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal origin. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblastic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages, although recent studies have demonstrated that MSCs are also able to differentiate into other lineages, including neuronal and cardiomyogenic lineages. Since their original isolation from the bone marrow, MSCs have been successfully harvested from many other tissues. Their ease of isolation and ex vivo expansion combined with their immunoprivileged nature has made these cells popular candidates for stem cell therapies. These cells have the potential to alter disease pathophysiology through many modalities including cytokine secretion, capacity to differentiate along various lineages, immune modulation and direct cell-cell interaction with diseased tissue. Here we first review basic features of MSC biology including MSC characteristics in culture, homing mechanisms, differentiation capabilities and immune modulation. We then highlight some in vivo and clinical evidence supporting the therapeutic roles of MSCs and their uses in orthopedic, autoimmune, and ischemic disorders.
Assay of some Clinically Important Reductants by a Chemiluminescence-Delay Technique (1985)

Abstract A chemiluminescence-delay technique has been developed for the assay of clinically important reductants. Under the experimental conditions described the time de lay before chemiluminescence is observed exhibits a linear dependence on substrate concentration up to ∼ 6 × 10−5 M. The method, utilises the ferrihaem-catalysed oxidation of luminol by hydrogen peroxide as the light-emitting reaction. Specificity is conferred upon the assay by the use of the appropriate oxidoreductase enzymes. The technique has been applied in the estimation of ascorbic acid and uric acid in aqueous standards and biological samples.
Inhibition of TNF‐α‐Induced MUC5AC Mucin Gene Expression and Production by Wogonin Through the Inactivation of NF‐κB Signaling in Airway Epithelial Cells (2013)

In this study, we investigated whether wogonin significantly affects MUC5AC mucin gene expression and production in human airway epithelial cells. Confluent NCI‐H292 cells were pretreated with wogonin for 30 min and then stimulated with tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) for 24 h or the indicated periods. The MUC5AC mucin gene expression and mucin protein production were measured by RT‐PCR and ELISA, respectively. We found that incubation of NCI‐H292 cells with wogonin significantly inhibited mucin production and down‐regulated MUC5AC gene expression induced by TNF‐α in a dose‐dependent fashion. To elucidate the action mechanism of wogonin, effect of wogonin on TNF‐α‐induced NF‐κB signaling pathway was investigated by western blot analysis. Wogonin inhibited NF‐κB activation induced by TNF‐α. Inhibition of IKK by wogonin led to the suppression of IκB phosphorylation and degradation, p65 nuclear translocation and NF‐κB‐regulated gene expression. This, in turn, led to the down‐regulation of MUC5AC protein production in NCI‐H292 cells. Wogonin also inhibited the gene products involved in cell survival (Bcl‐2) and proliferation (cyclooxygenase‐2). These results suggest that wogonin inhibits the NF‐κB signaling pathway, which may explain its role in the inhibition of MUC5AC mucin gene expression and production. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing Corrosion during the Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) of Metal Films (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Targeting the Ubiquitin-Mediated Proteasome Degradation of p53 for Cancer Therapy (2013)

Within the past decade, there has been a revolution in the types of drugs developed to treat cancer. Therapies that selectively target cancer-specific aberrations, such as kinase inhibitors, have made a dramatic impact on a subset of patients. In spite of these successes, there is still a dearth of treatment options for the vast majority of patients. Therefore, there is a need to design therapies with broader efficacy. The p53 tumor suppressor pathway is one of the most frequently altered in human cancers. However, about half of all cancers retain wild-type p53, yet through various mechanisms, the p53 pathway is otherwise inactivated. Targeting this pathway for reactivation truly represents the "holy grail" in cancer treatment. Most commonly, destabilization of p53 by various components of ubiquitin- proteasome system, notably the ubiquitin ligase MDM2 and its partner MDMX as well as various deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), render p53 inert and unresponsive to stress signals. Reinstating its function in cancer has been a long sought-after goal. Towards this end, a great deal of work has been devoted to the development of compounds that either interfere with the p53-MDM2 and p53- MDMX interactions, inhibit MDM2 E3 activity, or target individual DUBs. Here we review the current progress that has been made in the field, with a special emphasis on both MDM2 and DUB inhibitors. Developing inhibitors targeting the upstream of the p53 ubiquitination pathway will likely also be a valuable option.
Oxidized Phospholipid-Induced Endothelial Cell/Monocyte Interaction Is Mediated by a cAMP-Dependent R-Ras/PI3-Kinase Pathway (2003)

OxPAPC, POVPC, and PEIPC induce a cAMP/R-Ras/PI3K signaling pathway that contributes to monocyte/endothelial cell adhesion and potentially atherosclerosis.
A novel no-insulation winding technique of high temperature-superconducting racetrack coil for rotating applications: A progress report in Korea university (2016)

This paper presents our recent progress on core technology development for a megawatt-class superconducting wind turbine generator supported by the international collaborative R&D program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning. To outperform the current high-temperature-superconducting (HTS) magnet technology in the wind turbine industry, a novel no-insulation winding technique was first proposed to develop the second-generation HTS racetrack coil for rotating applications. Here, we briefly report our recent studies on no-insulation (NI) winding technique for GdBCO coated conductor racetrack coils in the following areas: (1) Charging-discharging characteristics of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils with respect to external pressures applied to straight sections; (2) thermal and electrical stabilities of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils encapsulated with various impregnating materials; (3) quench behaviors of no-insulation racetrack coils wound with GdBCO conductor possessing various lamination layers; (4) electromagnetic characteristics of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils under time-varying field conditions. Test results confirmed that this novel NI winding technique was highly promising. It could provide development of a compact, mechanically dense, and self-protecting GdBCO magnet for use in real-world superconducting wind turbine generators.
Challenges and Pressures Facing the Academic Profession in South Africa (2003)

Much was expected to change in the academic profession in South Africa following the election of a black government in 1994. Staff equity profiles suggested that the number of black and women academics would increase significantly. Everyone expected that black institutions would receive redress funding to compensate them for decades of underdevelopment. Academics anticipated that salary levels and working conditions would improve. Others expected improvements in research output. In addressing these issues, this chapter examines a number of questions. What is the state of the academic profession in the most developed country in Africa? What terms govern work and employment conditions of academics in South Africa? What changes have occurred in the employment of black and female academics following the election of a democratically elected black majority government in 1994? How do salaries of South African academics compare internationally and what key changes are shaping the development of work practices in South Africa?
Dielectric fluid motors (1997)

On the application of high electric fields to a dielectric fluid, a convective motion of the fluid is induced. By controlling the fluid motion in nonuniform dc fields, a new type of fluid motor is developed. An angular velocity of more than 15 s−1 (150 rpm) can be achieved at a dc voltage of 5 kV for a motor with a rotor radius of 10 mm. The efficiency of energy transformation from electric to kinetic energy is about 4%. Since magnetic fields and switching circuits are not required, the advantage of the fluid motor will be enhanced by size reduction. The dielectric fluid motor is attractive as a source of mechanical energy in a micromachine.
The Phenolic Amines of Human Urine (1962)

Some of the phenolic amines used in this work were obtained from commercial sources, and others were prepared by methods described in the literature.
Comparison and analysis of indoor wireless positioning techniques (2011)

This paper conducts an investigation for a lot of indoor positioning techniques. Several kinds of indoor positioning techniques are briefly introduced. And the paper makes an illustration of their principles and advantages or disadvantages. Positioning methods can be divided into two categories, range-based and range-free. Range-based positioning techniques are classified. And do a concise discussion of their principles. Finally, difficulties and focus of further research of indoor positioning are presented.