gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic endonasal transclival resection of chordomas: operative technique, clinical outcome, and review of the literature (2009)

The endonasal endoscopic transclival approach represents a less invasive and more direct approach than a transcranial approach to treat certain moderate-sized midline skull base chordomas. Longer follow-up is necessary to determine comparability to transcranial approaches for long-term control. Large tumors with significant extension lateral to the carotid artery may not be suitable for this approach.
Congestion estimation and localization in fpgas: (2007)

In this paper, we are concerned with locating the most congested regions in FPGA designs before routing is completed. As well, we are interested in the amount of congestion in these locations relative to surrounding areas. If this estimation is done accurately and early enough, e.g. prior to routing or even prior to placement, the data can be used to avoid or spread out congestion before it becomes a problem. We implemented several estimation methods in the VPR tool set and visually compare estimation results to an actual routing congestion ma. We find that standard image processing techniques such as blending and peak saturation considerably improve the quality of estimation for all metrics.
Analysis for the Effect of Inverter Ripple Current on Fuel Cell Operating Condition (2003)

The effect of inverter ripple current on fuel cell stack performance and stack lifetime remains uncertain. This paper provides a first attempt to examine the impact of inverter load dynamics on the fuel cell. Since reactant utilization is known to impact the mechanical nature of a fuel cell, it is suggested that the varying reactant conditions surrounding the cell govern, at least in part, the lifetime of the cells. This paper investigates these conditions through the use of a dynamic model for the bulk conditions within the stack, as well as a one-dimensional model for the detailed mass transport occurring within the electrode of a cell. These two independent modeling approaches are used to verify their respective numerical procedures. In this work, the inverter load is imposed as a boundary condition to the models. Results show the transient behavior of the reactant concentrations within the stack, and of the mass diffusion within the electrode under inverter loads with frequencies between 30 Hz and 1250 Hz.
The conversion of high energy radiation to visible light by luminescent ceramics (1993)

A study is presented of the properties of luminescent ceramics which are roughly based on rare-earth doped oxides, oxysulfides, garnets, and silicates. Exemplary luminescent ceramic specimens are prepared on the basis of (Y,Gd)/sub 2/O/sub 3/:Eu, Gd/sub 2/O/sub 2/S:Pr,Ce, Gd/sub 3/Ga/sub 5/O/sub 12/:Cr,Ce, and Y/sub 2/SiO/sub 5/:Pr. The structural and luminescence properties are determined by microscopic surface analysis, scintillation spectroscopy, and optical and time-resolved spectroscopy. Micrographs of polished and chemically etched ceramic cross sections are obtained by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Emission spectra are measured under X-ray excitation (tungsten tube, 50 kV, 40 mA) by a 1/8 monochromator (500 nm blaze) and a S11-photomultiplier. Decay curves are determined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Impact of Backhauling Power Consumption on the Deployment of Heterogeneous Mobile Networks (2011)

Energy efficiency in cellular mobile radio networks has recently gained great interest in the research community. The development of more energy efficient hardware and software components aside, effect of different deployment strategies on energy efficiency are also studied in the literature. The latter mainly consist of optimizing the number and the location of different types of base stations in order to minimize the total power consumption. Usually, in the literature, the total network power consumption is restricted to the sum of the power consumption of all base stations. However, the choice of a specific deployment also affects the exact implementation of the backhaul network, and consequently its power consumption, which should therefore be taken into account when devising energy efficient deployment. In this paper, we propose a new power consumption model for a mobile radio network considering backhaul. We then handle a case study and perform a comparison of the power consumption of three different heterogeneous network deployments, and show how backhaul has a non-negligible impact on total power consumption, which differs for different deployments. An energy efficiency analysis is also carried out for different area throughput targets.
Reduction in Membrane Phosphatidylglycerol Content Leads to Daptomycin Resistance in Bacillus subtilis (2011)

Daptomycin (DAP) is a cyclic lipopeptide that disrupts the functional integrity of the cell membranes of Gram-positive bacteria in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. Here we present genetic, genomic, and phenotypic analyses of an evolved DAP-resistant isolate, Dap(R)1, from the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis 168. Dap(R)1 was obtained by serial passages with increasing DAP concentrations, is 30-fold more resistant than the parent strain, and displays cross-resistance to vancomycin, moenomycin, and bacitracin. Dap(R)1 is characterized by aberrant septum placement, notably thickened peptidoglycan at the cell poles, and pleiotropic alterations at both the transcriptome and proteome levels. Genome sequencing of Dap(R)1 revealed 44 point mutations, 31 of which change protein sequences. An intermediate isolate that was 20-fold more resistant to DAP than the wild type had only three of these point mutations: mutations affecting the cell shape modulator gene mreB, the stringent response gene relA, and the phosphatidylglycerol synthase gene pgsA. Genetic reconstruction studies indicated that the pgsA(A64V) allele is primarily responsible for DAP resistance. Allelic replacement with wild-type pgsA restored DAP sensitivity to wild-type levels. The additional point mutations in the evolved strain may contribute further to DAP resistance, serve to compensate for the deleterious effects of altered membrane composition, or represent neutral changes. These results suggest a resistance mechanism by which reduced levels of phosphatidylglycerol decrease the net negative charge of the membrane, thereby weakening interaction with the positively charged Ca(2+)-DAP complex.
A new control structure for grid-connected LCL PV inverters with zero steady-state error and selective harmonic compensation (2004)

The PI current control of a single-phase inverter has well known drawbacks: steady-state magnitude and phase error and limited disturbance rejection capability. When the current controlled inverter is connected to the grid, the phase error results in a power factor decrement and the limited disturbance rejection capability leads to the need of grid feed-forward compensation. However the imperfect compensation action of the feed-forward control results in high harmonic distortion of the current and consequently noncompliance with international standards. In this paper a new control strategy aimed to mitigate these problems is proposed. Stationary-frame generalized integrators are used to control the fundamental current and to compensate the grid harmonics providing disturbance rejection capability without the need of feed-forward grid compensation. Moreover the use of a grid LCL-filter is investigated with the proposed controller. The current control strategy has been experimentally tested with success on a 3 kW PV inverter.
Modal filtering for simply supported plate using equally segmented piezoelectric film (2001)

A method to measure the modal coordinates of a simply supported rectangular plate using an equally segmented piezoelectric film is studied. Modal sensors which can measure specific modal coordinates by shaping distributed piezoelectric sensors were proposed by Lee et al. (1990). However, basically, it can be only applied to one dimensional vibrations and only measure the specific modal coordinates corresponding to the shape of the sensor. In this paper, we propose a method, in which estimated modal coordinates are obtained by the sum of appropriately weighted sensor signals from the segmented piezoelectric film. This method can be easily applied to two dimensional vibrations and can measure arbitrary modal coordinates by selecting the weight. In this paper, the weight is determined to minimize a cost function. The orthogonality of the unit modal sensing signal vectors for a simply supported rectangular plate with an equally segmented piezoelectric film is proven, and the transpose of the unit model sensing signal matrix is chosen as the weight. Effects of aliasing caused by finite segmentation are also discussed. Simulation is shown to prove efficiency.
Abundance and Expression of Enantioselective <i>rdpA</i> and <i>sdpA</i> Dioxygenase Genes during Degradation of the Racemic Herbicide ( <i>R</i> , <i>S</i> )-2-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)Propionate in Soil (2010)

The rdpA and sdpA genes encode two enantioselective alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases catalyzing the initial step of microbial degradation of the chiral herbicide (R,S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionate (R,S-dichlorprop). Primers were designed to assess abundance and transcription dynamics of rdpA and sdpA genes in a natural agricultural soil. No indigenous rdpA genes were detected, but sdpA genes were present at levels of approximately 10(3) copies g of soil(-1). Cloning and sequencing of partial sdpA genes revealed a high diversity within the natural sdpA gene pool that could be divided into four clusters by phylogenetic analysis. BLASTp analysis of deduced amino acids revealed that members of cluster I shared 68 to 69% identity, cluster II shared 78 to 85% identity, cluster III shared 58 to 64% identity, and cluster IV shared 55% identity to their closest SdpA relative in GenBank. Expression of rdpA and sdpA in Delftia acidovorans MC1 inoculated in soil was monitored by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) during in situ degradation of 2 and 50 mg kg(-1) of (R,S)-dichlorprop. (R,S)-Dichlorprop amendment created a clear upregulation of both rdpA and sdpA gene expression during the active phase of (14)C-labeled (R,S)-dichlorprop mineralization, particularly following the second dose of 50 mg kg(-1) herbicide. Expression of both genes was maintained at a low constitutive level in nonamended soil microcosms. This study is the first to report the presence of indigenous sdpA genes recovered directly from natural soil and also comprises the first investigation into the transcription dynamics of two enantioselective dioxygenase genes during the in situ degradation of the herbicide (R,S)-dichlorprop in soil.
Optical Response of Individual Au–Ag@SiO<sub>2</sub> Heterodimers (2013)

The optical extinction response of individual Au-Ag@SiO2 heterodimers whose individual morphologies are determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is investigated using spatial modulation spectroscopy. The extinction spectra show two resonances spectrally close to the surface plasmon resonances of the constituting Au and Ag@SiO2 core-shell particles. The interparticle electromagnetic coupling is demonstrated to induce a large increase of the optical extinction of the dimer around its Au-like surface plasmon resonance for light polarized along its axis, as compared to that for perpendicular polarization and to that of an isolated Au nanoparticle. For spherical particles, this interaction also leads to comparable shifts with light polarization of the two dimer resonances, an effect masked or even reversed for particles significantly deviating from sphericity. Both amplitude and spectral effects are found to be in excellent quantitative agreement with numerical simulations when using the TEM-measured dimer morphology (i.e., size, shape, and orientation of the individual dimers), stressing the importance of individual morphology characterization for interpreting heterodimer optical response.
Surface Finish after Laser Metal Deposition (2013)

Laser metal deposition (LMD) is an additive manufacturing technology for the fabrication of metal parts through layerwise deposition and laser induced melting of metal powder. The poor surface finish presents a major limitation in LMD. This study focuses on the effects of surface inclination angle and strategies to improve the surface finish of LMD components. A substantial improvement in surface quality of both the side and top surfaces has been obtained by laser remelting after powder deposition.
Image processing on the massively parallel processor (1983)

A review of the massively parallel processor (MPP) is provided. The MPP, a single instruction, multiple data parallel computer with 16K processors being built for NASA by Goodyear Aerospace, can perform over six billion eight-bit adds and 1.8 billion eight-bit multiplies per second. Its SIMD architecture and immense computing power promise to make the MPP an extremely useful and exciting new tool for all types of pattern recognition and image processing applications. The SIMD parallelism can be used to directly calculate 16K statistical pattern recognition results simultaneously. Moreover, the 16K processors can be configured into a two-dimensional array to efficiently extract features from a 128x128 subimage in parallel. The parallel search capability of SIMD architectures can be used to search recognition and production rules in parallel, thus eliminating the need to sort them. This feature is particularly important if the rules are dynamically changing. Finally, the MPP's computing power and extreme flexibility will allow the development of new techniques for scene analysis - realtime scene analysis, for example, in which the sensor can interact with the scene as needed.
Urine processing impacts uric acid level in HIV-infected adults (2013)

Urine specimens are valuable to investigate kidney disease and antiretroviral nephrotoxicity. We observed large rust-colored pellets in some urine specimens after overnight storage at 4°C. Testing of supernatant under varying conditions demonstrated that this phenomenon reflects supersaturation and precipitation of uric acid in samples with high uric acid concentration. Delays in processing, even with refrigeration, may decrease the sensitivity of urine uric acid testing, with implications for the evaluation of proximal tubulopathy related to tenofovir.
Real-Time PCR Assay Using Specimens on Filter Disks as a Template for Detection of Cytomegalovirus in Urine (2007)

Since congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection causes late-onset sequelae, the identification of CMV-infected newborns is important. For this purpose, we established a simple real-time PCR assay using a filter disk. Combined with the collection of urine using filter papers placed in the diaper, this assay can make CMV screening more feasible and cost-effective.
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE RATE OF INTRACELLULAR RELEASE OF ENDOCYTOSED LIPOSOMAL DOXORUBICIN AND CYTOTOXICITY AS DETERMINED BY A NEW ASSAY (2001)

Previously, we showed that liposomes with surface-attached anti-CD19 were internalized into human B lymphoma cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis, resulting in improved anti-tumor efficacy 1-2 . In order to further increase the efficacy of antineoplastic drug-containing liposomes, we have taken advantage of this internalization process by producing triggered release liposomes that rapidly release drug from the enzyme-rich, acidic environment of lysosomes. To analyze the effectiveness of these triggered-release formulations, we developed a nuclear accumulation assay for doxorubicin (DXR) that allows us to determine the rate of cytoplasmic drug delivery subsequent to drug release from the endosomal/lysosomal compartments by examining the rate of accumulation of drug in cellular nuclei. We demonstrate the usefulness of this assay by comparing the kinetics of cytoplasmic drug delivery for DXR-containing, pH-sensitive, triggered release liposomes versus DXR-containing, non-sensitive, liposomal formulations. We see a significant correlation between the rate of nuclear accumulation of DXR and its in vitrocytotoxicity. This indicates that pH-sensitive formulations traffic drug to the cytoplasm and the nucleus significantly more rapidly than do non-sensitive formulations. We conclude that the development of triggered release liposomes is a promising strategy for further improving the therapeutic efficacy of liposomal antineoplastic drugs targeted selectively to cancer cells by surface-attached ligands that bind to internalizing epitopes.
Scheduling multi-component applications in heterogeneous wide-area networks (2002)

We present a scalable scheduling heuristic for several common classes of multi-component applications (meta-applications). We consider this scheduling problem in a wide-area heterogeneous computing environment, or metasystem. The heterogeneity and scale of the computing environment and the heterogeneity of the application make this a challenging problem. We have studied the performance of the heuristic in simulation and the results are encouraging. Completion times for three common classes of meta-applications were within 10-20% of optimal on average with a worst-case variance of 60%. The results suggest that effective scheduling of meta-applications is possible, if sufficient application and system resource cost information is provided.
IMU2Face: Real-time Gesture-driven Facial Reenactment (2017)

We present IMU2Face, a gesture-driven facial reenactment system. To this end, we combine recent advances in facial motion capture and inertial measurement units (IMUs) to control the facial expressions of a person in a target video based on intuitive hand gestures. IMUs are omnipresent, since modern smart-phones, smart-watches and drones integrate such sensors, e.g., for changing the orientation of the screen content, counting steps, or for flight stabilization. Face tracking and reenactment is based on the state-of-the-art real-time Face2Face facial reenactment system. Instead of transferring facial expressions from a source to a target actor, we employ an IMU to track the hand gestures of a source actor and use its orientation to modify the target actor's expressions.
산성 pH 충격 스트레스에 의한 스트랩토마이세스 시에리컬러 M511의 프로디지닌 생산 증대 (2010)

운데실프로지닌과 스트래토루빈 B는 S. coelicolor가 생산하는 붉은색 항생물질이다. 이번 연구에서 이들 붉은색 항생제의 생산성과 pH shock 스트레스와의 상관관계를 연구하였다. 운데실프로디지닌과 스트랩토루빈 B의 생합성은 고체 R2YE 배지에서 산성 pH shock에 의해 증가되었다. 최적 pH shock은 pH 4로 비교군과 비교하여 각각 1.6배 및 2배 운데실프로디진과 스트랩토루빈 B의 생산성이 증가되었다. 게다가, 산성 pH 4의 세포 추출물은 T. mentagrophytes에 대한 주목할만한 저항 활성을 나타내었다. 그러나, 중성및 염기성 pH shock에서는 이들 항생제의 생산성뿐만 아니라 항진균 활성 증가가 일어나지 않았다. 그러므로, 비록 산성 pH shock이 간단하고 쉬운 방법이지만, 이들 붉은색 항생물질과 다른 이차대사산물의 생산성 향상에는 매우 효과적인 접근방법일 것이다.
Microstructural Design of Stable Porous Matrices for All-Oxide Ceramic Composites (1999)

Article Microstructural Design of Stable Porous Matrices for All-Oxide Ceramic Composites was published on December 1, 1999 in the journal International Journal of Materials Research (volume 90, issue 12).
[Oral desensitization in childhood (author's transl)]. (1979)

1) There is some evidence that orally administered allergens are absorbed. 2) 75% of the children considered oral desensitization to be effective. 3) As judged by bronchial flow resistance after provocation, oral and subcutaneous desensitization appear to be equally effective in reducing bronchial hypersensitivity. The reduction in hypersensitivity after oral desensitization was of the same magnitude as that induced by 1 capsule of DNCG. Reduced bronchial hypersensitivity was also observed in children who had received sympatomatic anti-asthma treatment over periods of 1-3 years.
Spinal cord mapping with evoked responses for accurate localization of the dorsal root entry zone (1995)

Direct spinal cord stimulation and recording techniques were used intraoperatively to localize the dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) in four patients with brachial plexus avulsion and severe intractable pain. The spinal cord was stimulated by a cordotomy needle placed on the pia-arachnoid at the DREZ or the dorsal or dorsolateral aspect of the spinal cord. Recordings were obtained from a subdural silver ball electrode placed rostral or caudal to the stimulation site. Spinal cord conduction velocity was significantly faster following dorsolateral stimulation than dorsal stimulation (mean = 66 and 45 m/sec respectively). The spinal cord evoked potential was significantly larger in amplitude following dorsolateral stimulation than dorsal stimulation at a specific stimulus intensity. Stimulation at the DREZ failed to evoke a response. These neurophysiological phenomena helped to accurately localize the DREZ before DREZ lesioning was undertaken. There were no untoward neurological deficits related to the DREZ lesions and all patients had satisfactory pain relief following the procedure. Intraoperative spinal cord mapping facilitates accurate DREZ localization when the DREZ cannot be visually identified.
Some Salts of Levulinic Acid<sup>1</sup> (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Salts of Levulinic Acid1A. ProskouriakoffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1933, 55, 5, 2132–2134Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01332a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01332a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vapor Phase Condensation of Aniline to Diphenylamine (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVapor Phase Condensation of Aniline to DiphenylamineHarold E. Hoelscher and Donald F. ChamberlainCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1950, 42, 8, 1558–1562Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50488a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50488a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts