gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Caustic-Side Solvent-Extraction Modeling for Hanford Interim Pretreatment System (2008)

The purpose of this work is to examine the applicability of the Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process for the removal of cesium from Hanford tank-waste supernatant solutions in support of the Hanford Interim Pretreatment System (IPS). The Hanford waste types are more challenging than those at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in that they contain significantly higher levels of potassium, the chief competing ion in the extraction of cesium. It was confirmed by use of the CSSX model that the higher levels of potassium depress the cesium distribution ratio (DCs), as validated by measurement of DCs values for four of eight specified Hanford waste-simulant compositions. The model predictions were good to an apparent standard error of ±11%. It is concluded from batch distribution experiments, physical-property measurements, equilibrium modeling, flowsheet calculations, and contactor sizing that the CSSX process as currently employed for cesium removal from alkaline salt waste at the SRS is capable of treating similar Hanford tank feeds. For the most challenging waste composition, 41 stages would be required to provide a cesium decontamination factor (DF) of 5000 and a concentration factor (CF) of 5. Commercial contacting equipment with rotor diameters of 10 in. for extraction and 5 in. for stripping should have the capacity to meet throughput requirements, but testing will be required to confirm that the needed efficiency and hydraulic performance are actually obtainable. Markedly improved flowsheet performance was calculated for a new solvent formulation employing the more soluble cesium extractant BEHBCalixC6 used with alternative scrub and strip solutions, respectively 0.1 M NaOH and 10 mM boric acid. The improved system can meet minimum requirements (DF = 5000 and CF = 5) with 17 stages or more ambitious goals (DF = 40,000 and CF = 15) with 19 stages. Potential benefits of further research and development are identified that would lead to reduced costs, greater adaptability of the process to DOE alkaline salt wastes, and greater readiness for implementation. Such benefits accrue from optimal sizing of centrifugal contactors for application of the CSSX process for the IPS; more accurate modeling of cesium extraction with greater flexibility and applicability to a variety of feeds and flowsheet conditions; and further improving and optimizing the alternative CSSX solvent and scrub/strip system.
Pyrazolopyridines. Part IV. Preparation and tautomerism of 6-cyano- and 6-ethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridin-7-ones (1976)

6-Cyano- and 6-ethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridin-7-ones have been prepared by cyclisation of pyrazol-4-ylaminomethylene-cyanoacetates and -malonates respectively. Cyclisation occurs preferentially at the 5-position of the pyrazole ring. The 6-ethoxycarbonyl compounds have been shown to exist in the pyridone form by comparison with model compounds.
Synthesis of <i>N</i>‐(2‐chloro‐3,4‐dimethoxybenzylideneamino)guanidinium acetate [<i>α</i>‐<sup>14</sup>C] (2002)

Abstract 14 C‐Labelled N ‐(2‐chloro‐3,4‐dimethoxybenzylideneamino)guanidinium acetate has been synthesized as a part of a four‐step procedure which involved decarboxylation of 2‐chloro‐3,4‐dimethoxybenzoic acid by Pb(OAc) 4 to give 2‐chloro‐3,4‐dimethoxy‐1‐iodobenzene, followed by a selective lithiation at the iodine position and electrophilic substitution with N , N ‐dimethylformamide [ α ‐ 14 C] and final reaction with aminoguanidine bicarbonate. The specific activity was 59 mCi/mmol and the overall yield 49%. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental Treatment of Ethylene Glycol Poisoning (1963)

ETHYLENE GLYCOL has been widely used as a solvent for dyes and drugs and as a constituent of antifreeze mixtures for the cooling systems of automobiles.<sup>1</sup>Forty to 60 deaths are thought to occur annually from accidental ingestion or from its use as a substitute for beverage alcohol.<sup>2</sup>The fatal dose in human adults is believed to be about 100 gm.<sup>3</sup> Initially, the toxic manifestations of ethylene glycol poisoning relate to central nervous disorder with confusion, convulsions, and coma occurring commonly. Other evidence of neuropathy such as incoordinate movement, ataxia, and ocular palsy may occur. The early symptoms are not unlike those of acute intoxication with ethanol. These symptoms are sometimes associated with signs of cardiopulmonary disease. Tachycardia, tachypnea, cyanosis, and pulmonary edema have been observed early in the course of illness.<sup>4</sup>Later, however, there is evidence of nephrotoxicity.<sup>4,5</sup>Blood and protein are found in
An immunoreactive apoglycoprotein purified from Coccidioides immitis (1991)

Deglycosylation of glycoproteins in a lysate of spherules of Coccidioides immitis has permitted purification and partial characterization of a proline-rich pronase-sensitive antigen. Moreover, soluble antigen specifically stimulated lymphocytes from persons with dermal delayed-type hypersensitivity to coccidioidal antigens. When related to reference coccidioidin by tandem two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis, the antigen fused in the anodal region with a specific reference antigen (antigen 2). It did not show identity with coccidioidal antigens used in conventional serologic assays. Although immunoblots of the purified protein with monospecific rabbit antiserum showed a single antigen at 33 kDa, the parent spherule lysate bound the same antibody in a broad band between 70 and greater than 200 kDa, which could be explained by microheterogeneity of glycosylation. Immunoelectron microscopy using affinity-purified human antibodies localized the antigen to the cell wall and internal septa of spherules. These findings suggest that the apoglycoprotein may be important in human immune responses to coccidioidal infection.
Population, Health and Nutrition in the Sahel: Issues in the Welfare of Selected West African Communities (1986)

1. Issues in the study of the Demography of Sahelian Pastoralists and Agro-pastoralists 2. The Recent Demographic Surveys in Mali and their main Findings 3. The Enumeration of Nomads and Semi-Nomads: Methodology and Selected Results from the 1976 Census of Mali 4. A Demographic Profile of the Fulani and Central Mali with Special Emphasis on Infant and Child Mortality 5. Demographic Characteristics and Trends Amongst the Nomads of Mauritania 6. Mixed Herding and the Demographic Parameters of Domestic Animals in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones of Tropical Africa 7. Land Tenure Practice and Development Problems in Mali 8. The Reluctant Spouse and the Illegitimate Slave 9. Child Mortality and the Care of Children in Rural Mali 10. Nutrition Amongst a Group of WoDaaBe Pastoralists in Niger 11. Preliminary Findings on the Diet and Nutritional Status of Some Tamasheq and Fulani groups in the Niger Delta of Central Mali 12. Assessing the Components of Seasonal Stress Amongst Fulani of the Seno-Mango, Central Mali 13. Design of a Food Intake Study in two Bambara Villages in the Segou Region of Mali with Preliminary Findings 14. The Health of Nomads and Semi-Nomads of the Malian Gourma 15. The World Fertility Survey
Inhibitors of Efflux Pumps in <i>Pseudomonas </i><i>a</i><i>eruginosa</i> Potentiate the Activity of the Fluoroquinolone Antibacterial Levofloxacin (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTInhibitors of Efflux Pumps in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Potentiate the Activity of the Fluoroquinolone Antibacterial LevofloxacinThomas E. Renau, Roger Léger, Eric M. Flamme, Joan Sangalang, Miles W. She, Rose Yen, Carla L. Gannon, David Griffith, Suzanne Chamberland, Olga Lomovskaya, Scott J. Hecker, Ving J. Lee, Toshiharu Ohta, and Kiyoshi NakayamaView Author Information Microcide Pharmaceuticals Inc., 850 Maude Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043, and New Product Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 1-16-13, Kita-Kasai, Edogawa, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 24, 4928–4931Publication Date (Web):November 10, 1999Publication History Received8 September 1999Published online10 November 1999Published inissue 2 December 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm9904598https://doi.org/10.1021/jm9904598rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2031Altmetric-Citations201LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antibiotic resistance,Antimicrobial agents,Inhibitors,Peptides and proteins,Polyacrylamide Get e-Alerts
inTouch: interactive multiresolution modeling and 3D painting with a haptic interface (2002)

We present an intuitive 3D interface for interactively editing and painting a polygonal mesh using a force feedback device. An artist or a designer can use the system to create and refine a three-dimensional multiresolution polygonal mesh. Its appearance can be further enhanced by directly painting onto its surface. The system allows users to naturally create complex forms and patterns not only aided by visual feedback, but also by their sense of touch.
Game Engine Architecture (2017)

Hailed as a "must-have textbook" (CHOICE, January 2010), the first edition of Game Engine Architecture provided readers with a complete guide to the theory and practice of game engine software development. Updating the content to match today’s landscape of game engine architecture, this second edition continues to thoroughly cover the major components that make up a typical commercial game engine. New to the Second Edition Information on new topics, including the latest variant of the C++ programming language, C++11, and the architecture of the eighth generation of gaming consoles, the Xbox One and PlayStation 4 New chapter on audio technology covering the fundamentals of the physics, mathematics, and technology that go into creating an AAA game audio engine Updated sections on multicore programming, pipelined CPU architecture and optimization, localization, pseudovectors and Grassman algebra, dual quaternions, SIMD vector math, memory alignment, and anti-aliasing Insight into the making of Naughty Dog’s latest hit, The Last of Us The book presents the theory underlying various subsystems that comprise a commercial game engine as well as the data structures, algorithms, and software interfaces that are typically used to implement them. It primarily focuses on the engine itself, including a host of low-level foundation systems, the rendering engine, the collision system, the physics simulation, character animation, and audio. An in-depth discussion on the "gameplay foundation layer" delves into the game’s object model, world editor, event system, and scripting system. The text also touches on some aspects of gameplay programming, including player mechanics, cameras, and AI. An awareness-building tool and a jumping-off point for further learning, Game Engine Architecture, Second Edition gives readers a solid understanding of both the theory and common practices employed within each of the engineering disciplines covered. The book will help readers on their journey through this fascinating and multifaceted field.
Transnational digital government research: building regional partnerships (2003)

Governments increasingly find it essential to collaborate with each other in efforts to identify, monitor and solve regional and global problems. At the same time, this transnational government cooperation faces unique challenges that either are absent, or are not acute, in national government activities. Individual countries differ in their languages, laws, regulations, cultures, administrative structures, resources, geopolitical characteristics and stages of technological development - all of which impact interactions among government agencies. Information technology (IT) has an important role to play in fostering international collaboration through transnational digital government (TDG) by overcoming these differences and facilitating the collection, provision and exchange of information. To understand the unique IT research challenges of TDG, it is essential for academics to engage with agencies of different countries in the characterization, analysis and resolution of problems faced by concrete transnational government processes. The formation of sound government-academia partnerships is the first challenge of any research project on transnational digital government. This case-study presentation illustrates such a partnership in the context of a unique project whose goal is to conduct research on IT technology to facilitate transnational efforts to monitor illicit drug activities across the Americas.
Measurement‐based flow control for ABR services in ATM networks (1997)

Abstract A distributed explicit‐rate (ER) capacity allocation algorithm for handling available‐bit rate (ABR) services in ATM networks is described. The algorithm uses a measurement‐based approach to achieve max‐min bandwidth fairness and to provide priority service mechanisms for heterogeneous traffic, e.g., constant‐bit rate (CBR), variable‐bit rate (VBR), ABR , etc. Explicit provisions are made for handling minimum cell rate (MCR) guarantees for ABR connections and minimizing RM cell buffering delays at the network switches. It is also proposed that the sources measure their average rates to properly handle variability and to improve bandwidth utilization. An extensive simulation study for a number of network scenarios, which shows that the proposed scheme adapts well to network dynamics and converges to max‐min fairness, is presented.
Next-generation prostate cancer risk calculator for primary care physicians (2017)

We have developed the next-generation prostate cancer risk calculator that incorporates a patient's life expectancy based on age and comorbidity. This approach will better evaluate prostate cancer risk. Future studies examining other populations will be needed for validation.
TDP-43 in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients With Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2008)

Although there is no evidence of pathologically altered TDP-43 proteins in CSF, TDP-43 levels in CSF might aid in characterizing subgroups of patients across the ALS and FTLD disease spectrum.
A role for the <i>Drosophila</i> Bag-of-marbles protein in the differentiation of cystoblasts from germline stem cells (1995)

Cell differentiation commonly dictates a change in the cell cycle of mitotic daughters. Previous investigations have suggested that the Drosophila bag of marbles (bam) gene is required for the differentiation of germline stem cell daughters (cystoblasts) from the mother stem cells, perhaps by altering the cell cycle. In this paper, we report the preparation of antibodies to the Bam protein and the use of those reagents to investigate how Bam is required for germ cell development. We find that Bam exists as both a fusome component and as cytoplasmic protein and that cytoplasmic and fusome Bam might have separable activities. We also show that bam mutant germ cells are blocked in differentiation and are trapped as mitotically active cells like stem cells. A model for how Bam might regulate cystocyte differentiation is presented.
Static Balancing of Spatial Parallel Platform Mechanisms—Revisited (2000)

This article discusses the development of statically balanced spatial parallel platform mechanisms. A mechanism is statically balanced if its potential energy is constant for all possible configurations. This property is very important for robotic manipulators with large payloads, since it means that the mechanism is statically stable for any configuration, i.e., zero actuator torques are required whenever the manipulator is at rest. Furthermore, only inertial forces and moments have to be sustained while the manipulator is moving. The application that motivates this research is the use of parallel platform manipulators as motion bases in commercial flight simulators, where the weight of the cockpit results in a large static load. We first present a class of spatial parallel platform mechanisms that is suitable for static balancing. The class of mechanisms considered is a generalization of the manipulator described by Streit (1991, “Spatial Manipulator and Six Degree of Freedom Platform Spring Equilibrator Theory,” in Second National Conference on Applied Mechanisms and Robotics, VIII.B, pp. 1-1–1-6). Then sufficient conditions on the kinematic parameters that guarantee static balancing are derived for this class. Finally a particular mechanism is studied in more detail to show the practicability of its design. [S1050-0472(00)01401-X]
The Transcription Factor Regulatory Factor X1 Increases the Expression of Neuronal Glutamate Transporter Type 3 (2006)

Glutamate transporters (excitatory amino acid transporters, EAAT) play an important role in maintaining extracellular glutamate homeostasis and regulating glutamate neurotransmission. However, very few studies have investigated the regulation of EAAT expression. A binding sequence for the regulatory factor X1 (RFX1) exists in the promoter region of the gene encoding for EAAT3, a neuronal EAAT, but not in the promoter regions of the genes encoding for EAAT1 and EAAT2, two glial EAATs. RFX proteins are transcription factors binding to X-boxes of DNA sequences. Although RFX proteins are necessary for the normal function of sensory neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans, their roles in the mammalian brain are not known. We showed that RFX1 increased EAAT3 expression and activity in C6 glioma cells. RFX1 binding complexes were found in the nuclear extracts of C6 cells. The activity of EAAT3 promoter as measured by luciferase reporter activity was increased by RFX1 in C6 cells and the neuron-like SH-SY5Y cells. However, RFX1 did not change the expression of EAAT2 proteins in the NRK52E cells. RFX1 proteins were expressed in the neurons of rat brain. A high expression level of RFX1 proteins was found in the neurons of cerebral cortex and Purkinje cells. Knockdown of the RFX1 expression by RFX1 antisense oligonucleotides decreased EAAT3 expression in rat cortical neurons in culture. These results suggest that RFX1 enhances the activity of EAAT3 promoter to increase the expression of EAAT3 proteins. This study provides initial evidence for the regulation of gene expression in the nervous cells by RFX1.
Cardiac valve calcification: characteristics of patients with calcification of the mitral annulus or aortic valve (1997)

Mitral annular calcification and stenotic or non-stenotic aortic valve calcification have a high incidence of atherosclerotic risk factors, suggesting they should be considered as manifestations of generalised atherosclerosis.
Taste-Masking Effect of Chlorogenic Acid (CGA) on Bitter Drugs Evaluated by Taste Sensor and Surface Plasmon Resonance on the Basis of CGA–Drug Interactions (2017)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the taste-masking effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on bitter drugs using taste sensor measurements and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of CGA-drug interactions. Six different bitter drugs were used: amlodipine besylate (AMD), diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH), donepezil hydrochloride (DNP), rebamipide (RBM), diclofenac sodium (DCF) and etodolac (ETD). Taste sensor outputs were significantly inhibited by the addition of CGA to all drugs. The inhibition ratio of the taste sensor output decreased in the following order DPH>DNP>AMD≈DCF≈RBM≈ETD. The association rate constant (k<sub>a</sub>) for the interaction between drugs and CGA as evaluated by SPR measurement also decreased in the following order DPH>DNP>AMD>DCF≈ETD≈RBM. It was suggested that basic drugs (AMD, DNP, DPH) associate more easily with CGA than acidic drugs (DCF, RBM, ETD). The inhibition ratios (%) of the taste sensor output of bitter drugs caused by CGA and the association rate constants (k<sub>a</sub>) between the drugs and CGA were significantly correlated (r<sub>s</sub>=0.886, p<0.05, Spearman's correlation test). Our findings suggest that the taste-masking effects of CGA are due to its direct association with the drugs. CGA may therefore be a useful taste-masking agent for basic drugs.
Fixed Character States and the Optimization of Molecular Sequence Data (1999)

A method is proposed to optimize molecular sequence data that does not employ multiple sequence alignment. This method treats entire homologous contiguous stretches of sequence data as individual characters. This sequence is treated as the homologous unit employed in phylogeny reconstruction. The sets of specific sequences exhibited by the terminal taxa constitute the character states. The number of states is then less than or equal to the number of unique sequences (or homologous fragments) exhibited by the data. A matrix of transformation costs is created to relate the states to one another. The cells of this matrix are defined as the minimum transformation cost between each pair of states based on insertion-deletion and base substitution costs. The diagnosis of a topology then follows existing dynamic programming techniques, with the number of states greatly expanded. Since the possible sequences reconstructed at nodes are limited to those exhibited by the terminals, cladograms constructed in this way may be longer than those of other methods in that they require a greater number of weighted evolutionary events. Example data, the effects of missing data, restricted ancestors, and putative long-branch attraction are discussed.
A New Glaucoma Filter Implant (1990)

A new glaucoma filtration procedure was performed in nine rabbits in a preliminary trial. A silastic tube with an internal diameter of 0.35 mm was passed across the anterior chamber through two limbal openings, and the free ends were buried postequatorially in sub-Tenon's space. At a later date, using an Nd:YAG laser in the thermal mode, holes 0.05 to 0.30 mm in diameter were burned in the tube in the anterior chamber. This procedure significantly lowered intraocular pressure in four rabbits on two successive tries; however, a third treatment given in two cases did not further decrease the pressure.