gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cross coupling effects of poly-phase bi-directional inductive power transfer systems used for EV charging (2015)

Bi-directional inductive power transfer (BD-IPT) systems are preferable for applications such as Electric Vehicles (EVs) and wireless integration of EVs with the utility grid (V2G). In particular, poly-phase BD-IPT systems are used in high power applications and for rapid charging of EVs but their performance is severely compromised by the cross-coupling effects between phases and the misalignment of charging pads or coils. This paper therefore presents a generalized mathematical model to investigate the cross-coupling effects caused by pad-misalignments and corresponding impacts on the power flow of ploy-phase BD-IPT systems used for EV charging. Using the proposed model, the charging behavior of an EV, based on a 3-phase BD-IPT system, is investigated under different operating conditions, analyzing the sensitivity of power flow and direction to cross coupling. Results are presented in comparison to simulations to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed mathematical model and as well as to show that the changes in power flow and direction can be somewhat compensated for by the individual control of phases.
THE 3-ACETYLPYRIDINE ANALOG OF DPN<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE 3-ACETYLPYRIDINE ANALOG OF DPN1Nathan O. Kaplan and Margaret M. CiottiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 6, 1713–1714Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01635a089https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01635a089research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of a novel radio-frequency negative hydrogen ion source in conically converging configuration (2013)

Volume-produced negative ion source still requires enhancement of current density with lower input RF (radio-frequency) power in lower operating pressure for various applications. To confirm recent observation of efficient negative ion production with a short cylindrical chamber with smaller effective plasma size, the RF-driven transformer-coupled plasma H(-) ion source at Seoul National University is modified by adopting a newly designed quartz RF window to reduce the chamber length. Experiments with the reduced chamber length show a few times enhancement of H(-) ion beam current compared to that extracted from the previous chamber design, which is consistent with the measured H(-) ion population. Nevertheless, decrease in H(-) ion beam current observed in low pressure regime below ∼5 mTorr owing to insufficient filtering of high energy electrons in the extraction region needs to be resolved to address the usefulness of electron temperature control by the change of geometrical configuration of the discharge chamber. A new discharge chamber with conically converging configuration has been developed, in which the chamber diameter decreases as approaching to the extraction region away from the planar RF antenna such that stronger filter magnetic field can be utilized to prohibit high energy electrons from transporting to the extraction region. First experimental results for the H(-) ion beam extraction with this configuration show that higher magnetic filter field makes peak negative beam currents happen in lower operating pressure. However, overall decrease in H(-) ion beam current due to the change of chamber geometry still requires further study of geometrical effect on particle transport and optimization of magnetic field in this novel configuration.
Zero energy: What falls outside the stars (2012)

By paying attention to little details that fall outside the star rating systems, Henley Properties Group has created an affordable and realistic family home with zero energy costs in operation.
Coffee Roasting and Aroma Formation: Application of Different Time−Temperature Conditions (2008)

The impact of time-temperature combinations of roasting processes on the kinetics of aroma formation in coffee was investigated. The development of 16 aroma compounds and the physical properties of coffee beans was followed in a commercial horizontal drum roasting process and in laboratory scale fluidizing-bed roasting processes at high temperature-short time and low temperature-long time conditions. All trials were run to an equal roast end point as defined by the lightness of coffee beans. In addition, the effect of excessive roasting on aroma composition was studied. Compared to low temperature-long time roasting, high temperature-short time roasting resulted in considerable differences in the physical properties and kinetics of aroma formation. Excessive roasting generally led to decreasing or stable amounts of volatile substances, except for hexanal, pyridine, and dimethyl trisulfide, whose concentrations continued to increase during over-roasting. When the drum roaster and the fluidizing bed roaster were operated in the so-called temperature profile mode, that is, along the identical development of coffee bean temperature over roasting time, the kinetics of aroma generation were similar in both processes.
Surface Plasmon-Enhanced Emission from Metal-Island-Coated YAG:Ce Thin-Film Phosphor (2009)

This work experimentally verifies that surface plasmon (SP) coupling can enhance the yellow emission of Ce-doped (YAG:Ce) thin-film phosphors. The effect of SP on yellow emission from YAG:Ce thin-film phosphor coated with a metal layer is examined. Among Ag, Al, and Au materials, the emission intensity of YAG:Ce thin-film phosphor by coating a silver layer with a thickness of nanometers was significantly enhanced by 10-fold. The enormous enhancement on photoluminescence (PL) is attributable to the resonant coupling of emission in YAG:Ce with an SP and the electric field of incident light at the metal interfaces. The mass thickness and annealing conditions of the deposited layer can be varied to transform the Ag layer into an islandlike structure; the PL intensity is highest at a Ag thickness of 20 nm.
When one cell is enough (2012)

For many years, the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) has been well characterized in mice as a cell that can singly reconstitute the whole hematopoietic system of primary recipient animals as well as that of secondary hosts. That clinical bone marrow transplantation is a successful treatment strategy is indirect evidence that such a cell exists in humans. To date, similar criteria have not been applied to human HSCs. However, using a humanized mouse model of xenotransplantation, a recent paper shows that single human cells can fully reconstitute the lymphomyeloid system of primary recipient animals and, in some cases, that of secondary hosts.
Response time to colored stimuli in the full visual field (1975)

Peripheral visual response time was measured in seven dark adapted subjects to the onset of small (45' arc diam), brief (50 msec), colored (blue, yellow, green, red) and white stimuli imaged at 72 locations within their binocular field of view. The blue, yellow, and green stimuli were matched for brightness at about 2.6 sub log 10 units above their absolute light threshold, and they appeared at an unexpected time and location. These data were obtained to provide response time and no-response data for use in various design disciplines involving instrument panel layout. The results indicated that the retina possesses relatively concentric regions within each of which mean response time can be expected to be of approximately the same duration. These regions are centered near the fovea and extend farther horizontally than vertically. Mean foveal response time was fastest for yellow and slowest for blue. Three and one-half percent of the total 56,410 trials presented resulted in no-responses. Regardless of stimulus color, the lowest percentage of no-responses occurred within 30 deg arc from the fovea and the highest within 40 deg to 80 deg arc below the fovea.
Web Mining - The Ontology Approach (2005)

The World Wide Web today provides users access to extremely large number of Web sites many of which contain information of education and commercial values. Due to the unstructured and semi-structured nature of Web pages and the design idiosyncrasy of Web sites, it is a challenging task to develop digital libraries for organizing and managing digital content from the Web. Web mining research, in its last 10 years, has on the other hand made significant progress in categorizing and extracting content from the Web. In this paper, we represent ontology as a set of concepts and their inter-relationships relevant to some knowledge domain. The knowledge provided by ontology is extremely useful in defining the structure and scope for mining Web content. We will therefore review Web mining and describe the ontology approach to Web mining. The application of these Web mining techniques to digital library systems will also be discussed.
Molecular Tweezers and Clips as Synthetic Receptors. Molecular Recognition and Dynamics in Receptor−Substrate Complexes (2003)

The molecular tweezers (1, 2) and clips (3-7) containing naphthalene and benzene spacer units can be synthesized via repetitive Diels-Alder reactions by the use of a molecular "Lego" set consisting of bisdienophiles (8, 9, 14) and dienes (10, 13). The new receptors selectively bind electron-deficient neutral and cationic substrates in solution. Only the benzene-spaced tweezers form complexes with aliphatic substrates, whereas the other receptors bind aromatic substrates preferentially. HPLC studies with 1 and 2 chemically bonded to stationary phases give similar results for the heterogeneous systems. The formation of stable complexes between the water-soluble clip 5g and N-alkylpyridinium cations, such as N-methylnicotinamide and NAD(+), in aqueous solution illustrates the importance of the hydrophobic effect for arene-arene interactions. The dynamics of the complex formation and substrate mobility were investigated by the use of temperature-dependent liquid- and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The electrostatic potential surface (EPS) of 1-7 is calculated to be surprisingly negative on the concave side of each molecule and, hence, complementary to the EPS of the electron-deficient substrates, suggesting that the attractive receptor-substrate interaction is here of predominantly electrostatic nature.
Three volt to five volt CMOS interface circuit device leakage limited DC power dissipation (2002)

A CMOS interface circuit from three to five volts is presented in which DC power consumption is defined by a single transistor's OFF leakage current. The interface design provides signal level translation while minimizing propagation delay and power dissipation. Typical propagation delays are on the order of 1.5 ns, with DC power dissipation less than 1 pW. The primary application of the interface is mixed voltage gate arrays with a 3.3-V core and 5.0-V I/Os.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
BIGGER ORGANS and ELEPHANT EAR-LIKE LEAF1 control organ size and floral organ internal asymmetry in pea (2018)

Control of organ size and shape by cell proliferation and cell expansion is a fundamental process during plant development, but the molecular mechanisms that set the final size and shape of determinate organs in plants remain unclear, especially in legumes. In this study, we characterized several mutants including bigger organs (bio) and elephant-ear-like leaf 1 (ele1) in pea that displayed similar phenotypes, with enlarged leaves and symmetrical lateral and ventral petals. Genetic analysis showed that BIO interacted with the specific regulators SYMMETRICAL PETAL1 (SYP1) and SYP5 to control floral organ internal asymmetry in pea. Using a comparative approach, we cloned BIO and ELE1, revealing that they encode a KIX domain protein and an ortholog of Arabidopsis PEAPOD (PPD), respectively. Furthermore, genetic analysis, physical interaction assays, and gene expression analysis showed that BIO and ELE1 physically interact with each other and with the transcription factor LATHYROIDES (LATH) to repress expression of downstream genes such as GROWTH-REGULATING-FACTOR 5. Our data show that the BIO-ELE1 module in legumes plays a key role in regulating organ development to create distinct final forms with characteristic size and shape.
Angular Distribution of Muon-Poor Extensive Air Showers (1969)

Angular distribution of muon-poor extensive air showers was found to be flatter than that of normal showers. The result excludes any possibility that muon-poor showers are initiated by primary photons. It is likely that the showers are generated by some relatively passive particles which are produced through interactions between the primary cosmic rays and the atmospheric nuclei.
Filter considerations in color correction (1994)

The quality of color correction is dependent on the filters used to scan the image. This paper introduces a method of selecting the color filters using a priori information about the viewing illuminants. Color correction results using the derived filters are compared with color correction results using filters that are optimal for individual viewing and recording illuminants. The comparison is performed using the CIE PEL (L*a*b*) perceptual color difference measure. Applications of this work are found in the design of scanners, copiers, and television systems.
Density Modeling for Brines as a Function of Composition, Temperature, and Pressure (1989)

Summary Electrolyte solutions containing high concentrations of salts, such as NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, CaBr2, and ZnBr2, have several important applications in the oil field. The so-called "heavy brines" are used as solids-free completion fluids. Brines are also a major constituent of many drilling-fluid systems, including both water- and oil-based muds. This paper describes the density behavior of brine solutions containing single salts and salt mixtures under various temperature and pressure conditions. Examples are given for using the derived density model to calculate both downhole differential pressures for brine completion fluids and the solids content in brine muds.
Yellow head virus from Thailand and gill-associated virus from Australia are closely related but distinct prawn viruses (1999)

Corresponding genomic regions of isolates of yellow head virus (YHV) from Thailand and gill-associated virus (GAV) from Australia were compared by RT-PCR and sequence analysis. PCR primers designed from sequences in the GAV ORF1b polyprotein gene amplified the corresponding 577 nucleotide region of the YHV genome. Comparison of the amplified region indicated 85.1% nucleotide and 95.8% amino acid sequence identity. YHV PCR primers designed to amplify a 135 nucleotide product previously described as a YHV diagnostic probe failed to amplify the corresponding product from GAV RNA. However, the cognate GAV sequence for this and another recently reported YHV sequence were located in an upstream region of the ORF1b gene. A comparison of these sequences indicated identities of 83.0 and 80.9% at the nucleotide level and 86.7 and 86.5% at the amino acid level, respectively. The data indicate that GAV and YHV are closely related but distinct viruses for which differential diagnostic probes can be applied.
Plasmid profiles and antibiotic susceptibility of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 3, 5, and 7 (1987)

This paper describes the plasmid profiles obtained for 73 of 96 field isolates of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 3, 5, and 7. We also characterized the antibiotic susceptibilities of these 96 isolates. Because of the high proportion of isolates resistant to some of the antibiotics, no conclusions can be drawn as to the role of plasmids in antibiotic resistance.
Vaccination of High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients with Carbohydrate Mimicking Peptides (2008)

Abstract : The expression of the Tumor Associated Carbohydrate Antigens such as the neolactoseries antigen Lewis Y (LeY) and gangliosides such as GM2 and GD2/GD3 are amplified on breast cancer cells and is linked to poor prognosis and high risk of disease relapse. Immunotherapy to direct responses to TACA is, therefore, perceived to be of clinical benefit. To overcome this deficiency, we developed mimotopes of TACA to induce more robust cross-reactive and tumor-specific responses. In preclinical studies, immunization with these mimotopes reduce tumor burden and inhibited metastatic outgrowth of murine tumor cells expressing TACA structural homologues. Thus, peptide mimotopes of TACA represent a new and very promising tool to induce a strong immune response to TACA expressed on Breast Cancer cells. Based on encouraging preclinical results, our objectives are for the current funding period (years 1 and 2) are to develop the necessary preclinical data required by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for filing an Investigational New Drug (IND). In this context we: 1.) Developed the necessary procedures for the required Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) studies; 2.) Defined problems in scale up of the manufactured mimotope vaccines; 3.) Identified alternative mimotopes of TACA that circumvent the scale up problems.
Artificial neural networks and high-speed resistivity modeling software speed reservoir characterization (1999)

This is the second part of a two-part series on artificial neural networks and high-speed resistivity modeling. High-speed resistivity modeling and inversion processing compensate for resistivity tool inadequacies and address the most fundamental application of wireline log analysis. This installment cites case history examples of how these techniques address the calculation of formation fluid saturation. Examples of applications are given for a mature oil and gas basin in Colorado and a bypassed pay in Oklahoma, and for distinguishing hydrocarbon productive and wet zones in a Russian basin.
Simulating Filament Dynamics in Cellular Systems (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Background: The Roles of Filaments within Cells Examples of Filament Simulations Overview of Filament Simulation Changing Filament Length Forces on Filaments Imposing Constraints Solver Conclusion References
Bicarbonate kinetics in humans: identification and validation of a three-compartment model (1995)

A model of bicarbonate kinetics is crucial to a correct interpretation of experiments for measuring oxidation in vivo of carbon-labeled compounds. The aim of this study is to develop a compartmental model of bicarbonate kinetics in humans from tracer data by devoting particular attention to model identification and validation. The data base consisted of impulse-dose studies of 14C-labeled bicarbonate in nine normal subjects. The decay curve of specific activity of CO2 in expired air (saRCO2) was frequently sampled for 4-7 h. In addition, endogenous production of CO2, VCO2, was measured by indirect calorimetry. A model of data, i.e., an exponential model, analysis of decay curves of saRCO2 showed first that three compartments are necessary and sufficient to describe bicarbonate tracer kinetics. Compartmental models were then used as models of system. To correctly describe the input-output configuration, labeled CO2 flux in the expired air, phi RCO2 (= saRCO2.VCO2), has been used as measurement variable in tracer model identification. A mammillary three-compartment model with a respiratory and a nonrespiratory loss has been studied. Whereas there is good evidence that respiratory loss takes place in the central compartment, whether nonrespiratory loss is taking place in the central compartment or in one of the two peripheral compartments is uncertain. Thus three competing tracer models were considered. Using a model-independent analysis of data, based on the body activity variable, to calculate mean residence time in the system, we have been able to validate a specific model structure, i.e., with the two irreversible losses taking place in the central compartment. This validated tracer model was then used to quantitate bicarbonate masses in the system. Because there is uncertainty about where endogenous production enters the system, lower and upper bounds of masses of bicarbonate in the body are derived.
Design and microstructuring of PDMS surfaces for improved marine biofouling resistance (2000)

In this study room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone surfaces with designed surface microstructure and well-defined surface chemistry were prepared. Their resistance to marine macrofouling by barnacles Balanus improvisus was tested in field experiments for deducing optimal surface topography dimensions together with a better understanding of macrofouling mechanisms. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces were microstructured by casting the PDMS pre-polymer on microfabricated molds. The master molds were made by utilizing photolithography and anisotropic etching of monocrystalline silicon wafers. Several iterative casting steps of PDMS and epoxy were used to produce large quantities of microstructured PDMS samples for field studies. The microstructured PDMS surface consisted of arrays of pyramids or riblets creating a surface arithmetic mean roughness ranging from 5 to 17 microm for different microstructure sizes and geometries, as determined by scanning electron microscopy. Chemophysical properties of the microstructured films were investigated by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy and dynamic contact angle measurements. Films were chemically homogeneous down to the submicron level. Hydrophobicity and contact angle hysteresis increased with increased surface roughness. Field tests on the west coast of Sweden revealed that the microstructure containing the largest riblets (profile height 69 microm) reduced the settling of barnacles by 67%, whereas the smallest pyramids had no significant influence on settling compared to smooth PDMS surfaces. The effect of dimensions and geometry of the surface microstructures on the B. improvisus larvae settling is discussed.
Human Embryonic Stem Cells (2011)

The rst derivation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from human embryos in 1998 ushered in a new era in cell biology and biomedical research. Human ESCs (hESCs) are a unique cell type, dened by their unlimited self-renewal capacity and potential to differentiate to any cell type in the human body. Therefore, these cells not only provide the opportunity to investigate the developmental events that occur during human embryogenesis but also offer a new source of cells for regenerative medicine, drug discovery, and toxicity screening (Figure 1.1). In addition, these cells can be used to study cell commitment and (re)programming of fate, as well as the molecular mechanisms of complex diseases. However, to maximize the value of hESCs, we need to be able to control their differentiation potential and to be able to promote the development of specic cell types.