gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Process of Surface Modification and Patterning for LED Encapsulation (2018)

Encapsulation is a critical step in LED packaging to ensure good light extraction and protection. We present a novel mold-free process using a specific functionalization of the substrate to master the shape of the encapsulant dome. By controlling its aspect ratio, it is possible to increase light extraction. Experiments are correlated with Monte Carlo simulations to evidence the impact of surface tension on the dome shape as well as the effect of the refractive index on the light output. A moderate optical gain of 10% is obtained as the refractive index of the encapsulant material increases from 1.42 to 1.64, which is explained with the simulations as a strong effect of the die parameters (roughness and back mirror) on the light extraction.
Multiple Regulatory Elements in the 5′-Flanking Sequence of the Human ε-Globin Gene (1998)

We have previously reported, on the basis of transfection experiments, the existence of a silencer element in the 5'-flanking region of the human embryonic (epsilon) globin gene, located at -270 base pairs 5' to the cap site, which provides negative regulation for this gene. Experiments in transgenic mice suggest the physiological importance of this epsilon-globin silencer, but also suggest that down-regulation of epsilon-globin gene expression may involve other negative elements flanking the epsilon-globin gene. We have now extended the analysis of epsilon-globin gene regulation to include the flanking region spanning up to 6 kilobase pairs 5' to the locus control region using reporter gene constructs with deletion mutations and transient transfection assays. We have identified and characterized other strong negative regulatory regions, as well as several positive regions that affect transcription activation. The negative regulatory regions at -3 kilobase pairs (epsilonNRA-I and epsilonNRA-II), flanked by a positive control element, has a strong effect on the epsilon-globin promoter both in erythroid K562 and nonerythroid HeLa cells and contains several binding sites for transcription factor GATA-1, as evidenced from DNA-protein binding assays. The GATA-1 sites within epsilonNRA-II are directly needed for negative control. Both epsilonNRA-I and epsilonNRA-II are active on a heterologous promoter and hence appear to act as transcription silencers. Another negative control region located at -1.7 kilobase pairs (epsilonNRB) does not exhibit general silencer activity as epsilonNRB does not affect transcription activity when used in conjunction with an epsilon-globin minimal promoter. The negative effect of epsilonNRB is erythroid specific, but not stage-specific as it can repress transcription activity in both K562 erythroid cells as well as in primary cultures of adult erythroid cells. Phylogenetic DNA sequence comparisons with other primate and other mammalian species show unusual degree of flanking sequence homology for the epsilon-globin gene, including in several of the regions identified in these functional and DNA-protein binding analyses, providing alternate evidence for their potential importance. We suggest that the down-regulation of epsilon-globin gene expression as development progresses involves complex, cooperative interactions of these negative regulatory elements, epsilonNRA-I/epsilonNRA-II, epsilonNRB, the epsilon-globin silencer and probably other negative and positive elements in the 5'-flanking region of the epsilon-globin gene.
[Establishing a method to detect the DNA damage of N-ras gene]. (2005)

The result shows that the method to detect the damaged position of N-ras gene has been established, which would be helpful to further studies on chemical carcinogenesis and on the prevention of tumor.
Recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha potentiates neutrophil degranulation in response to host defense cytokines neutrophil-activating peptide 2 and IL-8 by modulating intracellular cyclic AMP levels (1992)

The neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (NAP-2) and IL-8 are closely related in structure and function. In order to further determine their potential biologic roles in inflammation, we studied their interaction with TNF-alpha-primed human polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes at the levels of effector functions and signal transduction. After short term priming (5 min) by TNF-alpha, suspended cytochalasin B-treated PMN responded to NAP-2 or rIL-8 by substantial augmentation of the degranulation response. After priming with 3 ng/ml TNF-alpha marker release from both azurophilic and specific granules was near maximum. NAP-2 and rIL-8 cooperated with TNF-alpha in very similar ways, as indicated by the almost identical increases in release rates that were induced by equipotent doses of either secondary stimulus. At the signal transduction level, pharmacologic elevation of intracellular cAMP led to the inhibition of NAP-2- or rIL-8-induced degranulation in primed and unprimed PMN, indicating a role for this second messenger as a negative feedback signal. Direct measurement of intracellular cAMP revealed that TNF-alpha by itself did not affect its levels. Instead, TNF-alpha reduced both the scale as well as the duration of the cAMP burst generated in response to secondary stimuli NAP-2 or rIL-8. Thus, there is evidence that TNF-alpha priming of neutrophils for enhanced NAP-2- or rIL-8-promoted degranulation involves the antagonistic down-modulation of stimulus-induced rises in cAMP.
An integrated traveling-wave slot radiator (2014)

A traveling-wave integrated slot radiator is designed using electromagnetic duality theory based off of the ring portion of a radial multi-port driven radiator to minimize the area required exclusively for the antenna. It is designed in 32 nm SOI CMOS and driven by a buffered quadrature VCO at 4 points to create the traveling wave that radiates out of the backside of the chip. It is measured to have a maximum EIRP of 6.0 dBm at 134.5 GHz with a total radiated power of -1.7 dBm while drawing 168 mW DC power.
Filtration Device for On-Site Collection, Storage and Shipment of Cells from Urine and Its Application to DNA-Based Detection of Bladder Cancer (2015)

Molecular analysis of cells from urine provides a convenient approach to non-invasive detection of bladder cancer. The practical use of urinary cell-based tests is often hampered by difficulties in handling and analyzing large sample volumes, the need for rapid sample processing to avoid degradation of cellular content, and low sensitivity due to a high background of normal cells. We present a filtration device, designed for home or point-of-care use, which enables collection, storage and shipment of urinary cells. A special feature of this device is a removable cartridge housing a membrane filter, which after filtration of urine can be transferred to a storage unit containing an appropriate preserving solution. In spiking experiments, the use of this device provided efficient recovery of bladder cancer cells with elimination of >99% of excess smaller-sized cells. The performance of the device was further evaluated by DNA-based analysis of urinary cells collected from 57 patients subjected to transurethral resection following flexible cystoscopy indicating the presence of a tumor. All samples were tested for FGFR3 mutations and seven DNA methylation markers (BCL2, CCNA1, EOMES, HOXA9, POU4F2, SALL3 and VIM). In the group of patients where a transitional cell tumor was confirmed at histopathological evaluation, urine DNA was positive for one or more markers in 29 out of 31 cases (94%), including 19 with FGFR3 mutation (61%). In the group of patients with benign histopathology, urine DNA was positive for methylation markers in 13 out of 26 cases (50%). Only one patient in this group was positive for a FGFR3 mutation. This patient had a stage Ta tumor resected 6 months later. The ability to easily collect, store and ship diagnostic cells from urine using the presented device may facilitate non-invasive testing for bladder cancer.
Polyurethane Microspheres as Drug Carriers (1995)

Abstract Polyurethane microspheres were prepared by reacting polyethylene glycol [PEG] (of different molecular weights) with different mole ratios of tolylene diisocyanate. A conventional drug was incorporated into the microspheres. The polyurethane microspheres were characterized by FTIR, optical microscopy and particle size analysis. The equilibrium fluid content of microspheres was determined in suitable buffer media. The release pattern of the drug entrapped inside the microspheres was monitored using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer.
DV-ConvNet: Fully Convolutional Deep Learning on Point Clouds with Dynamic Voxelization and 3D Group Convolution (2020)

3D point cloud interpretation is a challenging task due to the randomness and sparsity of the component points. Many of the recently proposed methods like PointNet and PointCNN have been focusing on learning shape descriptions from point coordinates as point-wise input features, which usually involves complicated network architectures. In this work, we draw attention back to the standard 3D convolutions towards an efficient 3D point cloud interpretation. Instead of converting the entire point cloud into voxel representations like the other volumetric methods, we voxelize the sub-portions of the point cloud only at necessary locations within each convolution layer on-the-fly, using our dynamic voxelization operation with self-adaptive voxelization resolution. In addition, we incorporate 3D group convolution into our dense convolution kernel implementation to further exploit the rotation invariant features of point cloud. Benefiting from its simple fully-convolutional architecture, our network is able to run and converge at a considerably fast speed, while yields on-par or even better performance compared with the state-of-the-art methods on several benchmark datasets.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Virulent African Swine Fever Virus from a Domestic Pig in Ukraine (2019)

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an African swine fever (ASF) virus (ASFV/Kyiv/2016/131) isolated from the spleen of a domestic pig in Ukraine with a lethal case of African swine fever. Using only long-read Nanopore sequences, we assembled a full-length genome of 191,911 base pairs in a single contig.
High coercivity in Sm(FeT)/sub 12/ type magnets (1989)

The magnetic properties and microstructure of melt-spun iron-rich ternary alloys with the ThMn/sub 12/-type structure are reported. Rapidly quenched samples were prepared with composition Sm/sub x/Fe/sub y/T/sub z/, where T=Ti, V, Mo, Cu, Al, Si or a mixture of these, and 8<x<20, 76<y<89, and 6<z<12. Some samples has small amounts of B or C added. The results of X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and thermomagnetic measurements showed that the crystallized alloys have the ThMn/sub 12/-type structure when annealed above 800 degrees C. For lower annealing temperatures, some alloys have the TbCu/sub 7/-type structure. The maximum coercivity obtained was 7.7 kOe, and several samples with composition Sm-Fe-Ti-B and Sm-Fe-Ti-(Si,Al) had H/sub c/>6.5 kOe.<<ETX>>
5,7-Dihydroxy-2-aminotetralin derivatives: synthesis and assessment of dopaminergic and adrenergic actions (1981)

Replacement of the catechol 3,4-dihydroxylation pattern of certain adrenergic beta-phenethylamines by a resorcinol 3,5-dihydroxylation pattern has led to a greater selectivity of adrenergic agonist effects in certain molecules. This strategy has been applied to a series of dopaminergic agents derived from 2-aminotetralin, leading to a 5,7-dihydroxylation pattern. Traditional literature approaches to formation of a tetralin ring with this oxygenation pattern failed. A method was used which involved cyclization of 3,5-dimethoxybenzylsuccinic acid derivatives with pyridinium poly(HF) and subsequent modification of the tetralin ring. The resorcinol-derived 2-aminotetralins were less potent and less active dopaminergic agents than their catechol-derived isomers (5,6-dihydroxy and/or 6,7-dihydroxy). Certain of the subject compounds demonstrated alpha- and beta 1-adrenoceptor activating properties.
Conventional Tunneling Challenges in the Himalayas: A Case Study (2016)

Himalayan geology poses the most challenging ground conditions almost anywhere in the world, one of the reasons thereof is their evolution as the youngest mountain chains. They are demonstratively rising faster than any mountain elsewhere. The composition is also younger, and consequently less well consolidated than the other older fold belts. This is consistent with the facts that they constitute one of the most active of the plate margin zones, rising at a rate that is almost double of the Andes, which is in turn three times that of the Alps. Thus, stress conditions (Magnitude and variations) can potentially be more extreme and adverse on a Himalayan tunneling project. Tunnel excavation under the Himalayan Mountains will pose significantly more challenges than an equal length and equal cover drive almost anywhere in the world. These in-depth-tunneling difficulties through high mountainous terrains have posed major challenges for application of traditional drill and blast (D&B) and NATM methods. Handling such adverse geology at any depth is always problematic and generally leads, if not adequately foreseen, to the significant tunneling delays. The author wants to highlight the challenges faced and on the spot solutions adopted while executing most prestigious 273 km long Udhampur –Srinagar-Baramula Rail Link Project (USBRL) in the Himalayas in the state of Jammu & Kashmir, India. The main focus of the paper is on main stretch of USBRL Project i.e. T-80 (India's 2nd longest railway tunnel & 3rd longest in Asia) where the team of the author has recently completed a 11.2 km long tunnel and where the train track has gone operational, from Qazigund to Banihal. The construction of this stretch, posed several challenges akin to highly adverse geological conditions. Executing on -the -spot solutions, the project has been completed successfully.
Host-guest complexation. 23. High chiral recognition of amino acid and ester guests by hosts containing one chiral element (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHost-guest complexation. 23. High chiral recognition of amino acid and ester guests by hosts containing one chiral elementDavid S. Lingenfelter, Roger C. Helgeson, and Donald J. CramCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 2, 393–406Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00315a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00315a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3008Altmetric-Citations218LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Studies of coronary artery stenosis with heart-torso model (2002)

Based on a realistic geometry heart-torso model, we proposed an approach to separate artery stenosis in different coronary artery branches. Using the subtraction technique proposed by Flowers et al. [1976], we get a difference map of body surface potential maps [DBSPMs]. In the model we set action potential waveforms to simulate what will happen to myocardium in the condition of coronary artery stenosis. The potential amplitude difference and correlation at the same position of the body surface during ST-T segment before and after coronary artery stenosis occurring were calculated. When artery stenosis occurs in different coronary artery branches, the results show obvious difference in DBSPMS patterns and the positions where the minimum correlation exist. The findings may help clinical physicians in choosing better position in detecting ischemic ECG changes, and therefore they can estimate the severity of artery stenosis as easy as possible. They can also be useful in localization of stenosis.
Comparative microRNA Profiling of Prostate Carcinomas with Increasing Tumor Stage by Deep Sequencing (2013)

These genomic data reveal relevant miRNAs in prostate cancer that may have biomarker and therapeutic potential.
A short guided tour through functional and structural features of saposin-like proteins (2005)

SAPLIPs (saposin-like proteins) are a diverse family of lipid-interacting proteins that have various and only partly understood, but nevertheless essential, cellular functions. Their existence is conserved in phylogenetically most distant organisms, such as primitive protozoa and mammals. Owing to their remarkable sequence variability, a common mechanism for their actions is not known. Some shared principles beyond their diversity have become evident by analysis of known three-dimensional structures. Whereas lipid interaction is the basis for their functions, the special cellular tasks are often defined by interaction partners other than lipids. Based on recent findings, this review summarizes phylogenetic relations, function and structural features of the members of this family.
A three-dimensional optical photonic crystal (1999)

We report on the successful fabrication of a working three-dimensional (3D) crystal operating at optical wavelength /spl lambda/. The minimum feature size of the 3D structure is 180 nm. The 3D crystal is free from defects over the entire 6-inch silicon wafer and has an absolute photonic bandgap (PBG) centered at /spl lambda//spl sim/1.6 /spl mu/m. Our data provides the first conclusive evidence for the existence of a complete 3D PBG in optical /spl lambda/. This development will pave the way to tinier, cheaper, more effective waveguides, optical switches and lasers.
Dynamic Analysis and Fatigue Life Prediction of a Very Flexible Component in Multibody System (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
<title>Visualization of microsecond laser ablation of porcine clot and gelatin under a clear liquid</title> (1996)

Laser thrombolysis uses microsecond laser pulses to remove thrombus-blocked arteries in the heart and the brain. Rapidly expanding and collapsing vapor bubbles are formed upon absorption of the laser energy by the thrombus. The goal of this study was to visualize the process of ablation and assess the effects of pulse repetition rate. The differences between contact versus non-contact of the laser delivery device with the thrombus were also investigated. Initial experiments were conducted with a gel-based clot model confined in 3 mm inner diameter silicone tubes. Subsequent experiments used 24 hour old porcine blood clots. Laser pulses of 50 mJ pulse energy were delivered via a quartz fiber contained in a flushing catheter. Pulse repetition rates of 1 Hz, 3 Hz, and 6 Hz were used. Wavelengths of 506 nm and 577 nm were used to ablate clot. Bubble action was captured by flash photography using a CCD camera and recorded on video. The amount of material removed was measured using a spectrophotometric technique. Bubble action was similar on clot and the clot model. No significant differences in bubble action or mass removal were observed at the three pulse repetition rates and the two wavelengths. Contact between the catheter and the clot did not result in a pistoning effect of the catheter at the pulse energy used.
Oxygen-catalysed photocyclodimerization of N-vinylcarbazole in donor solvents (1970)

Direct irradiation of N-vinylcarbazole in the presence of oxygen produced 1,2-trans-dicarbazylcyclobutane in such donor solvents as acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, or methanol, probably by electron transfer from excited N-vinylcarbazole to oxygen, while photopolymerization occurred in the absence of oxygen.
Molecular Interpretation of the Glass Transition Temperature of Polymer-Diluent Systems (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Interpretation of the Glass Transition Temperature of Polymer-Diluent SystemsT. S. ChowCite this: Macromolecules 1980, 13, 2, 362–364Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60074a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60074a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2496Altmetric-Citations364LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A SOFTWARE TRACEABILITY MODEL TO SUPPORT CHANGE IMPACT ANALYSIS (2005)

It is inevitable that a software undergoes some change in its lifetime. With some change requests comes a need to estimate the scope (e.g. size and complexity) of the proposed changes and plan for their implementation. Software traceability and its subsequent impact analysis help relate the consequences or ripple-effects of a proposed change across different levels of software models. In this paper, we present a software traceability approach to support change impact analysis of object oriented software. The significant contribution in our traceability approach can be observed in its ability to integrate the high level with the low level software models that include the requirements, test cases, design and code. Our approach allows a software traceability between software components not only within a workproduct but also across different workproducts in SDLC. It supports the top down and bottom up traceability in response to tracing for the potential effects. We developed a software prototype called CATIA to support C++ software and applied it to a case study of an embedded system, and finally we discuss the results.