gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MULTIPLE BIRTHS AND MATERNAL RISK OF BREAST CANCER (1989)

Data from the Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study, a large nationwide population-based case-control study conducted in the United States in 1980-1982, were analyzed to investigate whether pregnancies ending in a multiple birth affect the risk of subsequent breast cancer. The cases were 3,918 parous women who were aged 20-54 years and newly diagnosed with breast cancer; controls were 4,047 parous women selected randomly from the same geographic areas as the cases. Multiple births were reported by 118 cases and 161 controls. After adjustment for other reproductive variables, having a multiple last birth was found to be protective against breast cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43-0.85), whereas having a multiple birth prior to the last birth was not (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.79-1.57). To the authors' knowledge, this study is the first investigation to report such a protective effect, and thus the finding warrants replication. One mechanism that might account for the effect involves the increased output of alpha-fetoprotein by multiple fetal livers.
Analysis of optical amplifier noise in coherent optical communication systems with optical image rejection receivers (1992)

A detailed theoretical analysis of optical amplifier noise in coherent optical communication systems with heterodyne receivers is presented. The analysis quantifies in particular how optical image rejection receiver configurations reduce the influence of optical amplifier noise on system performance. Two types of optical image rejection receivers are investigated: a novel, all-optical configuration and the conventional, microwave-based configuration. The analysis shows that local oscillator-spontaneous emission beat noise (LO-SP), signal-spontaneous emission beat noise (S-SP), and spontaneous-spontaneous beat noise (SP-SP) can all be reduced by 3 dB, thereby doubling the dynamic range of the optical amplifier. A 2.5-dB improvement in dynamic range has been demonstrated experimentally with the all-optical image rejection configuration. The implications of the increased dynamic range thus obtained are also discussed from a systems point of view.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prognostic Value of E-Cadherin Expression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Gefitinib (2009)

E-cadherin expression has been suggested to be related with response to EGFR-TK inhibitors. To evaluate the prognostic value of E-cadherin expression in lung cancer treated with gefitinib, we retrospectively reviewed patients with inoperable stage IIIb or IV non-small cell lung cancer treated with gefitinib and compared immunohistochemical staining for E-cadherin on biopsied specimens. The association between gefitinib sensitivity and E-cadherin expression by Western blot and immunocytochemistry was also examined in 10 lung cancer cell lines. Of 52 eligible patients, 15 (28.8%) showed a partial response, and the disease control rate was 42.3%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in responders were 8 and 20 months, respectively. Response rates (RR), PFS, and disease control rates were higher in never-smokers and patients showing adenocarcinoma histology, and improved OS was observed in patients with adenocarcinoma. E-cadherin expression did not impact any parameters (RR, PFS, or OS). Although there was a tendency for cell lines with lower IC50 to have E-cadherin expression, H2009 cells were the least sensitive to gefitinib, with an IC50 of 30 microM, and H1650 cells had an intermediate sensitivity despite high E-cadherin expression. E-cadherin expression was not a useful indicator of response and survival after treatment with gefitinib.
ASAP's getting zapped (2008)

Subtitle: Two unwise decisions by a pair of federal judges may ultimately destroy some of the most valuable safety programs benefiting aviation and other industries.
Photoluminescence Properties of a Nearly Intrinsic Single InN Nanowire (2010)

Abstract In this paper, the achievement of nearly intrinsic InN nanowire is reported. With the use of an in situ deposited In seeding layer, nearly defect‐free, non‐tapered InN nanowires are grown directly on Si(111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The photoluminescence emission of a single InN nanowire is analyzed, which exhibits, for the first time, a very narrow (∼13 meV) spectral linewidth, a clear band filling effect with the increase of excitation power, and a significant red shift of the peak energy with increasing temperature. Detailed analysis confirms the InN nanowire has a very low residual doping of ∼1 × 10 16 cm −3 , or less. It is further suggested that there is a small, or negligible level of electron accumulation at the lateral nonpolar surfaces of nearly intrinsic InN nanowires, which is in direct contrast to the commonly observed surface electron accumulation of n‐type degenerate InN.
Voice over Workplace (VoWP) (2002)

Voice interfaces can be used to meet some accessibility requirements for physically disabled users, but only if they address inherent usability problems, namely, the trade-off between user efficiency and ambiguity handling. This paper explores usability issues related to voice interfaces for complex GUIs. We present two user studies on a series of interface designs to support voice navigation within a complex business GUI, and discuss the findings as they relate to efficiency and ambiguity handling. We conclude by discussing future directions for this work, including the addition of data input capabilities, which will be necessary to provide a truly accessible solution.
Electrical Hemostasis in Uncontrollable Bleeding States (1961)

Sawyer, P. N. M.D.; DENNIS, CLARENCE M.D.; WESOLOWSKI, SIGMUND A. M.D. Author Information
Intercellular Communication in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> : <i>luxS</i> Is Essential for the Production of an Extracellular Signaling Molecule (2000)

Individual bacteria of numerous species can communicate and coordinate their actions via the production, release, and detection of extracellular signaling molecules. In this study, we used the Vibrio harveyi luminescence bioassay to determine whether Helicobacter pylori produces such a factor. Cell-free conditioned media from H. pylori strains 60190 and 26695 each induced >100-fold-greater luminescence in V. harveyi than did sterile culture medium. The H. pylori signaling molecule had a molecular mass of <10 kDa, and its activity was unaffected by heating to 80 degrees C for 5 min or protease treatment. The genome sequence of H. pylori 26695 does not contain any gene predicted to encode an acyl homoserine lactone synthase but does contain an orthologue of luxS, which is required for production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) in V. harveyi. To evaluate the role of luxS in H. pylori, we constructed luxS null mutants derived from H. pylori 60190 and 26695. Conditioned media from the wild-type H. pylori strains induced >100-fold-greater luminescence in the V. harveyi bioassay than did conditioned medium from either mutant strain. Production of the signaling molecule was restored in an H. pylori luxS null mutant strain by complementation with a single intact copy of luxS placed in a heterologous site on the chromosome. In addition, Escherichia coli DH5alpha produced autoinducer activity following the introduction of an intact copy of luxS from H. pylori. Production of the signaling molecule by H. pylori was growth phase dependent, with maximal production occurring in the mid-exponential phase of growth. Transcription of H. pylori vacA also was growth phase dependent, but this phenomenon was not dependent on luxS activity. These data indicate that H. pylori produces an extracellular signaling molecule related to AI-2 from V. harveyi. We speculate that this signaling molecule may play a role in regulating H. pylori gene expression.
Recruitment of Mad1 to metaphase kinetochores is sufficient to reactivate the mitotic checkpoint (2014)

The mitotic checkpoint monitors kinetochore-microtubule attachment and prevents anaphase until all kinetochores are stably attached. Checkpoint regulation hinges on the dynamic localization of checkpoint proteins to kinetochores. Unattached, checkpoint-active kinetochores accumulate multiple checkpoint proteins, which are depleted from kinetochores upon stable attachment, allowing checkpoint silencing. Because multiple proteins are recruited simultaneously to unattached kinetochores, it is not known what changes at kinetochores are essential for anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) inhibition. Using chemically induced dimerization to manipulate protein localization with temporal control, we show that recruiting the checkpoint protein Mad1 to metaphase kinetochores is sufficient to reactivate the checkpoint without a concomitant increase in kinetochore levels of Mps1 or BubR1. Furthermore, Mad2 binding is necessary but not sufficient for Mad1 to activate the checkpoint; a conserved C-terminal motif is also required. The results of our checkpoint reactivation assay suggest that Mad1, in addition to converting Mad2 to its active conformation, scaffolds formation of a higher-order mitotic checkpoint complex at kinetochores.
Interplay between Candida albicans and the Mammalian Innate Host Defense (2012)

Candida albicans is both the most common fungal commensal microorganism in healthy individuals and the major fungal pathogen causing high mortality in at-risk populations, especially immunocompromised patients. In this review, we summarize the interplay between the host innate system and C. albicans, ranging from how the host recognizes, responds, and clears C. albicans infection to how C. albicans evades, dampens, and escapes from host innate immunity.
Numerical Investigation of Power Transmission Efficiency in a RF Plasma (2009)

Capacitively coupled radio frequency discharges are used in a variety of applications in which the power transmission efficiency of the discharge is an important performance parameter. While previous research addressed the discharge properties and discharge modeling, little analysis has been done on the dependence of the power transmission efficiency on main discharge paremeters such as applied voltage, operating frequency and pressure. To investigate the effects of a dual frequency waveform on the power transmission efficiency, Particle-InCell/Monte-Carlo Collison (PIC/MCC) methods are used to simulate RF co-axial plasma discharge. Plasma characteristics are studied for a range of operating pressures and radii, as electrode voltages were varied between 0, 100 and 250V. The investigation concludes that the addition of a RF power source to the outer electrode increase power transmission efficiency by about 100%. Power transmission efficiency increases with a decrease in radius and an increase in pressure, in general. Low-frequency high-voltage power source combination is found to generate a more efficient discharge than a high-frequency high-voltage power source.
Magnetic multilayers on porous anodized alumina for percolated perpendicular media (2007)

Co ∕ Pt multilayers deposited on anodized alumina substrates are introduced as percolated perpendicular media. The pores act as pinning sites due to variations of thickness and anisotropy direction around the perimeters. Coercivity, domain size, and switching field can be engineered by controlling pore density. The media exhibit strong perpendicular anisotropy and the switching field remains unchanged at its minimum up to an angular deviation of 50° from the easy axis. A better tolerance of switching-field distributions can thus be achieved, which may help to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio. The thermal stability of the proposed media is investigated by micromagnetic simulations.
Electrical Analysis of EMIB Packages (2018)

Embedded Multi-die Interconnect Bridge (EMIB) is an advanced packaging solution that provides ultra-high density interconnects between dies by embedding a passive bridge die in the organic substrate. This paper outlines the signal and power integrity simulation flows for this new packaging solution along with the corresponding validation data.
Design and Performance of a DSI Terminal for Domestic Applications (1981)

The development of a microprocessor-controlled 96/48 DSI terminal is described. The terminal is intended for domestic use, and is designed so as to maximize compatibility with existing digital carrier systems, it merges four T1 signals into two T1 compatible bit streams for transmission. The terminal is given sufficient excess capacity to accommodate voiceband data, while retaining toll-grade transmission quality for speech. Implementation approaches and considerations in both calculated and measured system characteristics are described.
Construction of an expression vector for the fission yeast<i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i> (1988)

We have isolated and characterized a S. pombe promoter using a functional heterologous gene product assay. Random S. pombe genomic fragments were cloned upstream from the promoterless 'lacZ gene and tested in vivo for their efficiency to promote expression of the beta-galactosidase protein in the fission yeast. An efficient S. pombe promoter called 54/1 was isolated and shown to drive up to 5% of total protein synthesis as beta-galactosidase. The structure and nucleotide sequence of this promoter were determined, precise localization of its mRNA transcriptional start points established. Translational fusion of the Pseudomonas putida XylE gene with the 54/1 gene was shown to allow expression of catechol oxidase activity in S. pombe. An expression vector suitable for transcriptional fusions was then constructed from engineered 54/1 promoter sequences and used to drive expression of the E. coli Tn5 ble gene, thus confering resistance to the fission yeast against bleomycin and phleomycin antibiotics.
Cooling roofs through low temperature solar-heat transformations in hydrophilic porous materials (2013)

The principle of roofs cooling through the water vapor adsorption–desorption cycle in porous materials is presented. In order to study the effect, porous materials of natural origin or synthesized at our laboratory were characterized at the micro-scale with UV–VIS-NIR spectrometry, thermal and water vapor adsorption measurements and tested at the urban scale in a wind tunnel of controlled environmental conditions and simulated sun. In the later, the difference of temperature increase under simulated solar irradiation between a highly hydrophilic mesoporous sample and marble dust with comparable reflectance indicates that the low temperature solar heat transformation and evaporation cooling can be considered as an additional mechanism toward the reduction of building heat fluxes.
Development of advanced power factor correction techniques (1994)

Three novel power factor correction (PFC) techniques are developed for both single-phase and three-phase applications. These techniques have advantages over the conventional approaches with regard to the converter efficiency, power density, cost, and reliability for many applications. The single-phase parallel PFC (PPFC) technique was established. Different from the conventional two-cascade-stage scheme, the PPFC technique allows 68% of input power to go to the output through only one time high frequency power conversion, but still achieves both unity power factor and tight output regulation. A family of PPFC converters were proposed for different power levels, which are simpler and more efficient than the conventional two-cascade-stage systems. Since isolated boost converters are adopted as the main power stage in some of the PPFC converters, a device based soft-switching technique was proposed for using IGBTs as the main power switches, which ensures the lower cost and higher efficiency benefits of the PPFC technique. The single-ended boost converter is the most frequently used converter in the single-phase PFC applications. For high power and/or high voltage applications, the major concerns of the conventional boost converter are the inductor volume and weight, and Iosses on the power devices, which will affect converter efficiency, power density, and cost. In this dissertation, a novel three-level boost converter was developed, which can use a much smaller inductor and lower voltage devices than the conventional one, yielding higher power density, higher efficiency, and lower cost. In three-phase applications, the three-phase boost rectifier is the most popular topology for the PFC purpose. A novel high performance boost PFC rectifier was developed, which provides several superior features than the conventional one with nearly no cost increase. lt inherently provides six-step PWM operation, which is the optimal PWM scheme with no circulating energy, minimum input ripple current, and minimum . switching events. It also greatly reduces the bridge diode reverse recovery loss, which is one of the major switching Iosses in the conventional three-phase boost rectifier. Furthermore, it can adopt very simple soft-switching techniques even with three independent analog controllers to further improve the performance. Several simple soft switched three-phase boost rectifiers have been developed. Besides, the bridge shoot-through problem is virtually eliminated. As a result, these new three-phase boost rectifiers have higher efficiency, higher power density, lower cost, and higher reliability compared with the conventional one.
A Survey of Pesticide Residues in Pollen Loads Collected by Honey Bees in France (2006)

Journal Article A Survey of Pesticide Residues in Pollen Loads Collected by Honey Bees in France Get access Marie-Pierre Chauzat, Marie-Pierre Chauzat Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Les Templiers, 105 route des Chappes, B.P. 111, F-06 902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean-Paul Faucon, Jean-Paul Faucon Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Les Templiers, 105 route des Chappes, B.P. 111, F-06 902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anne-Claire Martel, Anne-Claire Martel Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Les Templiers, 105 route des Chappes, B.P. 111, F-06 902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Julie Lachaize, Julie Lachaize Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Les Templiers, 105 route des Chappes, B.P. 111, F-06 902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nicolas Cougoule, Nicolas Cougoule Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Les Templiers, 105 route des Chappes, B.P. 111, F-06 902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michel Aubert Michel Aubert Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Les Templiers, 105 route des Chappes, B.P. 111, F-06 902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 99, Issue 2, 1 April 2006, Pages 253–262, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/99.2.253 Published: 01 April 2006 Article history Received: 05 October 2005 Accepted: 01 December 2005 Published: 01 April 2006
Diagnosis and management of simple and complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). (2012)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain a common clinical problem in both the community and healthcare-associated settings. Each patient should be carefully assessed to ensure that a correct diagnosis is made and that antimicrobial therapy is appropriately prescribed--defined as using a clinically indicated agent in the correct dose and route of administration, for the correct duration--for symptomatic patients, and avoided for most asymptomatic patients. This should help stem the growing tide of antimicrobial resistance and allow for the continued use of simpler, less expensive agents. Continued surveillance and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance rates will be critical to help formulate and update future treatment recommendations for all categories of patients with UTIs.
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Tumors Metastatic to the Liver - A study on 110 cases - (1991)

Metastatic tumors occur more frequently in the liver than in any other organ. Guided percutaneous fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the liver is often recommended for confirmative diagnosis of the metastatic lesion, because of its simplicity, high yield, and reasonable safety. The authors studied retrospectively cytologic findings of 110 cases of metastatic tumors to the liver. The frequent primary sites were the stomach (23 cases), pancreas(19 cases), gallbladder(12 cases), and periampullary lesions(6 cases). Most of the metastases were carcinoma (106 cases). There were only 4 cases of sarcoma. The characteristic cytologic findings of FNA of meatastatic tumors were dirty background, abrupt change between hepatocytes and malignant cells, and desmoplasia. Some tumors displayed rather distinctive cytologic appearance that suggests primary sites. For example, the colonic adenocarcinoma showed tall columnar cells with a palisading arrangement, adenocarcinoma of gallbaldder showed focal squamous differentiation in some cases, and metastatic renal cell carcinoma and neuroblastoma showed also distinctive cytologic findings. Because the cytologic features of metastatic tumor are very similar to those of primary tumor, correct cytologic typing may be helpful in pursuit of an occult primary site of metastatic liver lesions, reducing extensive diagnostic investigation in poor prognostic patients.
Core String Edits, Alignments, and Dynamic Programming (1997)

In this chapter we consider the inexact matching and alignment problems that form the core of the field of inexact matching and others that illustrate the most general techniques. Some of those problems and techniques will be further refined and extended in the next chapters. We start with a detailed examination of the most classic inexact matching problem solved by dynamic programming, the edit distance problem. The motivation for inexact matching (and, more generally, sequence comparison) in molecular biology will be a recurring theme explored throughout the rest of the book. We will discuss many specific examples of how string comparison and inexact matching are used in current molecular biology. However, to begin, we concentrate on the purely formal and technical aspects of defining and computing inexact matching.
Visual J++ 1.1 Unleashed (1997)

From the Publisher:
Visual J++ 1.1 Unleashed, Second Edition will be a comprehensive reference in the best-selling Unleashed format. It will address real world issues and will spotlight real world examples. The book will focus on the numerous uses for Visual J++, as well as on specific types of Java application development. The Java programmer will take his programming proficiency to a higher level this book.
Visual J++ is Microsoft s graphical development environment that uses the Java programming language. It uses the popular C++ and Visual Basic development environments; Visual J++ is therefore a natural Java development tool for C++ and Visual Basic programmers.
Version 1.1 adds better event handling and Java Beans, which are both covered heavily in this revision.
Characteristics and Some Applications of Stripline Components (1955)

Basic characteristics of Stripline in various frequency bands from 1000 to 16,000 mc are summarized. Various components such as transitions to coaxial line, attenuators, hybrid rings, directional couplers, and filters are shown. Some applications of these components in practical high performance microwave circuits and equipment in the frequency range of 2500-10,000 mc are also described.