gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CALGB 50401:  A randomized trial of lenalidomide alone versus lenalidomide plus rituximab in patients with recurrent follicular lymphoma. (2012)

8000 Background: Lenalidomide (L) and rituximab (R) are active as single agents in follicular (FL) and other B-cell lymphomas, although combination strategies have not been previously assessed in a randomized fashion. Methods: CALGB 50401 is a randomized phase II study, initially designed to evaluate 3 regimens: R alone (375 mg/m2 weekly x 4), L alone (15 mg cycle 1, then escalated to 20 mg cycles 2-12, administered days 1-21 q 28 days x 12 cycles) or the combination of L+ R (other 2 arms combined). The R alone arm was discontinued due to slow accrual with 3 enrolled subjects. Eligibility included recurrent FL, prior therapy with rituximab alone or in combination, and TTP of ≥ 6 months from last rituximab dose. Prophylactic ASA or LMW heparin was recommended for patients at high risk for thrombosis. Results: Of 94 pts registered to L or LR, 89 (45 L and 44 LR) received at least one dose and had adequate data for analysis. Baseline characteristics include median age 63 (range 34-85) and 60% with intermediate- or high-risk FLIPI. Grade 3-4 adverse events (AE) were most commonly neutropenia (16% L,19% LR), fatigue (9% L, 14% LR) and thrombosis (16% - 7 pts L, 4% - 2 pts LR, p=0.158), and overall were seen in 49% (L) and 52% (LR) with 9% grade 4 in each arm. The full regimen was completed in 33% (L) and 59% (LR) of patients, with the difference due to more progressions or non-responders in the L group. In both arms about 19% of subjects discontinued therapy early due to AEs and dose intensity was over 80%. Objective response rates are L - 49% (13% CR) and LR - 75% (32% CR). With a median follow-up of 1.5 years (range 0.1- 3.6 years), median EFS is 1.2 years (L) and 2.0 years (LR), p=0.0063, log-rank test. Conclusions: Lenalidomide + rituximab is more active than lenalidomide alone in patients with recurrent FL with similar toxicity. A trend toward lower thrombosis risk with LR may relate to greater anti-tumor efficacy. The LR regimen warrants further study in FL including as a backbone for addition of novel agents in relapsed and frontline settings.
Fully distributed EM for very large datasets (2008)

In EM and related algorithms, E-step computations distribute easily, because data items are independent given parameters. For very large data sets, however, even storing all of the parameters in a single node for the M-step can be impractical. We present a framework that fully distributes the entire EM procedure. Each node interacts only with parameters relevant to its data, sending messages to other nodes along a junction-tree topology. We demonstrate improvements over a MapReduce topology, on two tasks: word alignment and topic modeling.
Preparation and alkylation of regioisomeric tetrahydrophthalimide‐substituted indolin‐2(3<i>H</i>)‐ones (1994)

Abstract A series of novel regioisomeric tetrahydrophthalimide‐substituted indolin‐2‐ones has been prepared via the Sommelet‐Hauser type cyclization of appropriately substituted anilines as potential herbicides. The resultant indolin‐2‐ones were then regioselectively alkylated at N‐1 and C‐3 to give 1,3,3‐trisubstituted indolin‐2‐ones. The most active series was also prepared by the bis ‐nitration of m ‐fluorophenylacetic acid followed by reduction and cyclization to give 6‐amino‐5‐fluoroindolin‐2‐one. Elaboration to the tetrahydrophthalimide‐substituted indolin‐2‐one was followed by C ‐ and N ‐alkylation to give the desired compounds.
Methane gas sensor application of cuprous oxide synthesized by thermal oxidation (2008)

Abstract Application of cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) thin films for methane gas sensors was investigated. The Cu 2 O films were prepared by the thermal oxidation of Cu films under reduced partial pressure of oxygen. The XRD and AFM measurements were performed to investigate crystal structure and the surface properties of synthesized Cu 2 O films. According to the XRD patterns, the films had a preferred (111) orientation. Sensors were fabricated using synthesized Cu 2 O films and their sensitivity, response times, and recovery times were measured at different temperatures for different methane concentrations. The sensor exhibited a high sensitivity, a fast response time, and a fast recovery time for methane gas at an operation temperature as low as 180 °C. The Cu 2 O has unique characteristics, such as has p‐type conduction, high conductivity, and high carrier mobility. The fast and high response of Cu 2 O sensor for methane was explained as due to the increase of resistance in intrinsic p‐type Cu 2 O in the presence of methane gas. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fluid Density and Viscosity Effects on Borehole Resistivity Measurements Acquired in the Presence of Oil-Based Mud and Emulsified Surfactants (2007)

Abstract We quantify the influence of oil-base mud-filtrate invasion and formation fluid properties on the spatial distribution of fluid saturation and electrical resistivity in the near-wellbore region. The objective is to appraise the sensitivity of borehole resistivity measurements to the spatial distribution of fluid saturation resulting from the compositional mixing of oil-base mud (OBM) and in-situ hydrocarbons. First, we consider a simple two-component formulation for the oil phase (OBM and reservoir oil) wherein the components are first-contact miscible. A second approach consists of adding water and surfactant to a multi-component OBM invading a formation saturated with multiple hydrocarbon components. Simulations also include presence of irreducible, capillary-bound, and movable water. The dynamic process of OBM invasion causes component concentrations to vary with space and time. In addition, the relative mobility of the oil phase varies during the process of invasion because oil viscosity and oil density are both dependent on component concentrations. Presence of surfactants in the OBM is simulated with a commercial adaptive-implicit compositional formulation that models the flow of three-phase multi-component fluids in porous media. Simulations of the process of OBM invasion yield two-dimensional spatial distributions of water and oil saturation that are transformed into spatial distributions of electrical resistivity. Subsequently, we simulate the corresponding array-induction measurements assuming axial-symmetric variations of electrical resistivity. We perform sensitivity analyses on field measurements acquired in a well that penetrates a clastic formation and that includes different values of density and viscosity for mud-filtrate and formation hydrocarbon. These analyses provide evidence of the presence of a high-resistivity region near the borehole wall followed by a low-resistivity annulus close to the non-invaded resistivity region. Such an abnormal annulus is predominantly due to high viscosity contrasts between mud-filtrate and formation oil. The combined simulation of invasion and array-induction logs in the presence of OBM invasion provides a more reliable estimate of water saturation, which, in turn, improves the assessment of in-place hydrocarbon reserves.
Repair strategies in a diagnostic expert system (1987)

Successful machine diagnosis consists not only of sound diagnostic reasoning, but also the selection of appropriate repairs, sequencing the repairs correctly, interactively validating the success of each repair, and performing follow-on diagnosis in case of repair failure. We discuss some of the issues involved in formulating a repair strategy for an expert system, review some aspects of expert human behavior with respect to repair strategy in a complex domain, and finally describe an implementation of a repair strategy in the TEST diagnostic shell.
Valuation-Based Systems for Bayesian Decision Analysis (1992)

This paper proposes a new method for representing and solving Bayesian decision problems. The representation is called a valuation-based system and has some similarities to influence diagrams. However, unlike influence diagrams which emphasize conditional independence among random variables, valuation-based systems emphasize factorizations of joint probability distributions. Also, whereas influence diagram representation allows only conditional probabilities, valuation-based system representation allows all probabilities. The solution method is a hybrid of local computational methods for the computation of marginals of joint probability distributions and the local computational methods for discrete optimization problems. We briefly compare our representation and solution methods to those of influence diagrams.
<i>Trans</i> fatty acids in Canadian margarines: Recent trends (1998)

Abstract The fatty acid composition and the trans fatty acid content of the top‐selling 109 Canadian margarines were determined by a combined capillary gas‐liquid chromatography/infrared spectroscopy method. The 109 brands accounted for 68% of the margarine brands sold in Canada and represented 74% of the market share. The mean level of total trans content in tub margarines ( n =79) was 18.8% (g/100 g fatty acids) and ranged from 0.9 to 46.4%. The most frequent occurrence of trans in tub margarines was in the 15–20% range; 48 of the 79 tub brands were in this range but seven brands contained more than 40% trans. The trans content of hard margarines ( n =30) ranged from 16.3 to 43.7% and the mean value was 34.3%. In 20 of the 109 brands, the levels of trans,trans isomers of linoleic acid exceeded the maximum level of 1% recommended for Canadian margarines. The levels of cis,trans/trans,cis isomers of linoleic acid were also high; 78 brands contained more than 1% and in 16 brands, the levels were in the 6–7% range. Linoleic acid content in the 109 brands ranged from 1.0 to 45.2% and averaged 18.3%. In 33 samples, linoleic acid was below the level of 5% recommended by an ad hoc committee of Health Canada. Moreover, in these, the total trans content exceeded 30%, and trans polyunsaturated fatty acid level was greater than 5%. There were eight margarines prepared from nonhydrogenated fat and their total trans content was below 2.5%. From the trans content and market share of each of the margarine brands, the average intake of trans fatty acids from margarine was estimated as 0.96 g/person/d. The intake of trans fatty acids in Canada from various sources was previously estimated by us as 8.4 g/person/d. Thus it is suggested that only 11% of the dietary trans fatty acids are supplied by margarines and the majority of trans fatty acids in the Canadian diet is derived from hidden fats in fast foods and bakery products.
Two novel missense mutations in the myostatin gene identified in Japanese patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2007)

Our results indicate that heterozygous missense mutations including two novel mutations did not produce an apparent increase in muscle strength in Japanese DMD cases, even in a patient carrying two missense mutations.
Clinical survey of natural varicella compared with breakthrough varicella after immunization with live attenuated Oka/Merck varicella vaccine. (1993)

Varicella in vaccine recipients is clinically modified and significantly less severe than natural disease.
The geo-political framework (2013)

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Ellipsometric Characterization of the Optical Constants of Polyfluorene Gain Media (2005)

Abstract Variable‐angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) has been applied to five polyfluorene gain media. The ellipsometric data have been analyzed using an electronic model based on critical points of zero dimension, i.e., an exciton model. The optical constants of thin‐film samples on spectrosil B substrates have been deduced and are used to characterize the waveguiding conditions in these asymmetric slab structures. The exciton model that we have used leads to a small correlation of the parameters and accurate fits. The good match with normal‐incidence transmission spectrophotometry data and surface profilometry determinations of thickness gives further confidence in the suitability of this model. Based on our measurements, we calculate the cut‐off thicknesses for the fundamental TE‐guided modes in our silica–polymer–air structures to lie within the range of 40 nm to 70 nm (depending on the specific polymer), and demonstrate corresponding confinement factors (Γ) between 37 % and 63 %. The calculated thickness dependence of the cut‐off wavelength agrees well with experimental data for the thickness dependence of the peak amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) wavelength and is, therefore, consistent with previous explanations of the ASE spectral shifts.
Organic CuTCNQ non-volatile memories for integration in the CMOS backend-of-line: preparation from gas/solid reaction and downscaling to an area of 0.25 μm/sup 2/ (2005)

CuTCNQ is an organic semiconductor charge transfer material that allows the realization of nonvolatile cross-bar memory arrays with conductivity switching. In this work, we present a simple preparation method of this organic memory material, compatible with industrial processing and downsizing of the memory cells. CuTCNQ was prepared on Cu by a solid-gas phase corrosion reaction between the metal and hot TCNQ gas at low pressure. Surface coverage increased with reaction time and temperature. Cu/CuTCNQ/Al cross-point cell arrays with memory areas of 0.01 mm/sup 2/ exhibited I-V curved with ON/OFF current ratios of about 10. Further downscaling of the memory elements was successful to an area of 0.25 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ . Corresponding memories achieved ON/OFF current ratio of about 700. This is, to our knowledge, the first report on downscaling of organic memories to 0.25 /spl mu/m/sup 2/.
Prenatal diagnosis of the acute form of proximal spinal muscular atrophy: Experience on the acceptance of linkage analyses by the families (1993)

The acute form of proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe autosomal recessive inherited neuromuscular disorder. It has been mapped to chromosome 5q 11.2-13.3. Using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) or (CA)n repeats of DNA probes in this region, prenatal diagnosis is, in principle, possible. Misdiagnosis can be due to incorrect diagnosis in the index patient, and crossing-over events. Using the DNA probes D5S6, D5S112, D5S39, and D5S78, we cover a region of 10.4 mega-base pairs (Mbp) of partially NotI-digested genomic DNA without overlap of fragments. The DNA probes D5S6 and D5S112, most likely flanking the SMA gene, cover a distance of about 6.6 Mbp. This corresponds to the genetic distance of 6 cM (Morrison et al., 1992; Daniels et al., 1992). But since the precise localization of the SMA gene is still unknown (Simard et al., 1992), a 10 per cent risk of misdiagnoses due to crossing-over events cannot be excluded. The acceptance of this 10 per cent risk for prenatal diagnoses differs in SMA families. We observed a case in which a woman accepted a 25 per cent risk because RFLPs and (CA)n repeats were both uninformative. In contrast, another family did not accept the minimal 10 per cent risk and the pregnancy was terminated. In two families, we performed prenatal diagnosis by linkage analysis. One child predicted to be healthy has been born in the meantime and has shown no indication of SMA during her first 8 months.
Monolithic integration of continuous-relief diffractive structures with vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2003)

In this work, we have studied the transfer of diffractive optical elements (DOEs), originally made in resist, into GaAs for monolithic integration with vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The DOEs are blazed gratings and Fresnel lenses, and have been fabricated on the back surface of bottom emitting VCSELs using electron-beam lithography or replication by hot embossing in resist followed by a quick-dry etch step. Diffraction efficiency was measured to be 81% in the first order of diffraction for the blazed grating.
HER2 and uPAR cooperativity contribute to metastatic phenotype of HER2-positive breast cancer (2015)

Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-positive breast carcinoma is highly aggressive and mostly metastatic in nature though curable/manageable in part by molecular targeted therapy. Recent evidence suggests a subtype of cells within HER2-positive breast tumors that concomitantly expresses the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) with inherent stem cell/mesenchymal-like properties promoting tumor cell motility and a metastatic phenotype. This HER-positive/uPAR-positive subtype may be partially responsible for the failure of HER2-targeted treatment strategies. Herein we discuss and substantiate the cumulative preclinical and clinical evidence on HER2-uPAR cooperativity in terms of gene co-amplification and/or mRNA/protein co-overexpression. We then propose a regulatory signaling model that we hypothesize to maintain upregulation and cooperativity between HER2 and uPAR in aggressive breast cancer. An improved understanding of the HER2/uPAR interaction in breast cancer will provide critical biomolecular information that may help better predict disease course and response to therapy.
The Syk kinase as a therapeutic target in leukemia and lymphoma (2011)

Inhibitors of Syk or other components of the BCR signaling pathway are emerging as an exciting novel class of agents for the treatment of common B-cell malignancies. Future efforts should focus on defining the disease entities that are most likely to benefit from these agents, although considerable evidence is already available to pursue such studies in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Combinations with chemo-immunotherapy, treatment of early-stage disease and consolidation therapy should all be explored and could lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches with improved efficacy, tolerability and toxicity profiles.
Novel Photosensitive Polyimide Precursor Based on Polyisoimide Using an Amine Photogenerator (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel Photosensitive Polyimide Precursor Based on Polyisoimide Using an Amine PhotogeneratorAmane Mochizuki, Tadashi Teranishi, and Mitsuru UedaCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 1, 365–369Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00105a051RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views892Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
AVISPA: a web tool for the prediction and analysis of alternative splicing (2013)

Transcriptome complexity and its relation to numerous diseases underpins the need to predict in silico splice variants and the regulatory elements that affect them. Building upon our recently described splicing code, we developed AVISPA, a Galaxy-based web tool for splicing prediction and analysis. Given an exon and its proximal sequence, the tool predicts whether the exon is alternatively spliced, displays tissue-dependent splicing patterns, and whether it has associated regulatory elements. We assess AVISPA's accuracy on an independent dataset of tissue-dependent exons, and illustrate how the tool can be applied to analyze a gene of interest. AVISPA is available at http://avispa.biociphers.org.
A Bayesian psychophysics model of sense of agency (2019)

Sense of agency (SoA) refers to the experience or belief that one's own actions caused an external event. Here we present a model of SoA in the framework of optimal Bayesian cue integration with mutually involved principles, namely reliability of action and outcome sensory signals, their consistency with the causation of the outcome by the action, and the prior belief in causation. We used our Bayesian model to explain the intentional binding effect, which is regarded as a reliable indicator of SoA. Our model explains temporal binding in both self-intended and unintentional actions, suggesting that intentionality is not strictly necessary given high confidence in the action causing the outcome. Our Bayesian model also explains that if the sensory cues are reliable, SoA can emerge even for unintended actions. Our formal model therefore posits a precision-dependent causal agency.
Hydroformylation of glucal derivatives with rhodium catalysts. Crucial influence of the auxiliary ligand tris(ortho-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (1992)

Rhodium catalyst mediated hydroformylation of glucal derivatives has been achieved for the first time in good yields and selectivies using [Rh2{µ-S(CH2)3NMe2}2(cycloocta-1,5-diene)2] and tris(ortho-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite as auxiliary ligand giving, principally, 2-formyl derivatives.
Concrete Crack Segmentation Dataset (2019)

The dataset includes 458 hi-res images together with their alpha maps (BW) indicating the crack presence. The ground truth for semantic segmentation has two classes to conduct binary pixelwise classification. The photos are captured in various buildings located in Middle East Technical University. You can access a larger dataset containing images with 227x227 px dimensions for classification which are produced from this dataset from http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/5y9wdsg2zt.1 .
In-situ speech visualization in real-time interactive installation and performance (2004)

Although we can sense someone's vocalizations with our ears, nose, and haptic sense, speech is invisible to us without the help of technical aids. In this paper, we present three interactive artworks which explore the question: "if we could see our speech, what might it look like?" The artworks we present are concerned with the aesthetic implications of making the human voice visible, and were created with a particular emphasis on interaction designs that support the perception of tight spatio-temporal relationships between sound, image, and the body. We coin the term in-situ speech visualization to describe a variety of augmented-reality techniques by which graphic representations of speech can be made to appear coincident with their apparent point of origination.
Sea Surface Wind Measurement by Airborne Weather Radar Scanning in a Wide-Size Sector (2016)

We suggest a conceptual approach for measuring the near-surface wind vector over water using the airborne weather radar, in addition to its standard meteorological and navigation applications. The airborne weather radar operates in the ground-mapping mode in the range of high to medium incidence angles as a scatterometer. Using the aircraft rectilinear flight over the water surface, measuring the geometry and the geophysical model function, we show that the wind vector can be successfully recovered from the azimuth normalized radar cross-section data obtained from a scanning sector of up to ±100°. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed wind vector measurement algorithms are supported by computer simulations indicating their potential as a powerful tool for the wind field reconstruction. Some limitations and recommendations of the suggested approach are further discussed.