gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ribonucleotide reductase subunit one as gene therapy target: commentary re: M-Y. Cao et al., Adenovirus-mediated ribonucleotide reductase R1 gene therapy of human colon adenocarcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res., 9: 4304-4308, 2003. (2003)

RNR[2][1] catalyzes the reaction in which 2′-deoxyribonucleotides are generated from the corresponding ribonucleotide 5′-diphosphates. This is the rate-limiting step in the production of 2′-deoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphates required for DNA replication. RNR consists of two protein
Glucosinolates and Herbivory by Specialists (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): Consequences of Concentration and Induced Resistance (1996)

Varied responses by specialist herbivores to glucosinolates could be a function of glucosinolate concentration or other correlated resistance factors, Herbivory by the specialist flea beetle Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), and diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), varied curvilinearly with natural levels of glucosinolates in Brassica rapa (syn.campestris) (L.) such that maximum herbivory occurred at intermediate glucosinolate levels, Although the pattern was weak, decreases in herbivory at high concentrations of glucosinolates were enhanced by inoculating plants with the fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans(Desm.) Ces. et de Not.(Ascomycetes), in laboratory experiments. This enhancement effect may have been caused by other correlated induced resistance factors produced by the plant or by resistance factors produced by the pathogen (independent of the host plant), Although specialist herbivores of mustards may have overcome glucosinolates, the apparent dose-dependent effect of glucosinolates suggest this herbivore counteradaptation may not have been complete, perhaps because of correlated resistance factors. Because a component of glucosinolate variation in B. rapa is heritable and because P. cruciferae can negatively affect plant fitness, the vried responses of specialist herbivores with glucosinolate concentrations reported here further suggest the possibility of disruptive selection on glucosinolates.
<i>Streptococcus parasanguis</i> Fimbria-Associated Adhesin Fap1 Is Required for Biofilm Formation (2001)

The sanguis streptococci are primary colonizers of the tooth surface and thus form the foundation for the complex multiple species biofilm known as dental plaque. In addition, these bacteria can colonize native and prosthetic heart valves and are a common cause of endocarditis. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms governing multiple or single species biofilm development within this group of organisms. Using an in vitro assay for biofilm formation, we determined that (i) Streptococcus parasanguis FW213 can form biofilms on inert surfaces such as polystyrene and (ii) environmental and nutritional factors, such as glucose, affect S. parasanguis biofilm formation. Several isogenic mutants of FW213 were tested in the biofilm assay. Strains containing mutations in fap1, a gene encoding a protein required for assembly of fimbriae, were deficient in biofilm formation. Mutants defective in recA, PepO endopeptidase activity, or the production of a fimbriae-associated protein, FimA, were still capable of biofilm formation. Phase-contrast microscopy was used to follow biofilm development by wild-type and fap1 mutant strains on plastic coverslips over time. Wild-type FW213 attached to the surface, formed aggregates of cells, and eventually formed a dense layer of cells that included microcolonies. In contrast, few fap1 mutant cells were observed attached to the surface, and no cell aggregates or microcolonies were formed. These results suggest that the long peritrichous fimbriae of FW213 are critical for the formation of biofilms on solid surfaces.
Diamond cold cathode (1991)

Diamond cold cathodes have been formed by fabricating mesa-etched diodes using carbon ion implantation into p-type diamond substrates. When these diodes are forward biased, current is emitted into vacuum. The cathode efficiency (emitted current divided by diode current) varies from 2*10/sup -4/ to 1*10/sup -10/ and increases with the addition of 10/sup -2/-torr partial pressure of O/sub 2/ into the vacuum system. Current densities of 0.1 to 1 A-cm/sup -2/ are estimated for a diode current of 10 mA. This compares favorably with Si cold cathodes (not coated with Cs), which have efficiencies of approximately 2*10/sup -5/ and current densities of approximately 2*10/sup -2/ A-cm/sup -2/. It is believed that higher current densities and efficiencies can be obtained with more efficient cathode designs and an ultrahigh-vacuum environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hierarchical Nanocomposites of Polyaniline Nanowire Arrays on Graphene Oxide Sheets with Synergistic Effect for Energy Storage (2010)

We introduced a facile method to construct hierarchical nanocomposites by combining one-dimensional (1D) conducting polyaniline (PANI) nanowires with 2D graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. PANI nanowire arrays are aligned vertically on GO substrate. The morphologies of PANI nanowires can be controlled by adjusting the ratios of aniline to GO, which are attributed to different nucleation processes. The hierarchical nanocomposite structures of PANI-GO were further proved by UV-vis, FTIR, and XRD measurements. The hierarchical nanocomposite possessed higher electrochemical capacitance and better stability than each individual component as supercapacitor electrode materials, showing a synergistic effect of PANI and GO. This study will further guide the preparation of functional nanocomposites by combining different dimensional nanomaterials.
Hydrofluorocarbon and perfluorocarbon mobile phases for capillary supercritical fluid chromatography (1994)

Abstract The eluotropic strength of several hydrofluorocarbon and perfluorocarbon supercritical fluids is examined using capillary supercritical fluid chromatography. The results obtained are compared with carbon dioxide, fluoroform, and carbon dioxide modified with 5% methanol. Various naphthalene derivatives are used to determine differences in functional group selectivity between these fluids. Specific hydrogen bonding interactions are observed between hydrogen bond donating hydrofluorocarbon fluids and naphthalene derivatives with hydrogen bond accepting functional groups. Unexpectedly, perfluorocarbon fluids are much stronger in eluotropic strength than carbon dioxide, fluoroform, or methanol‐modified carbon dioxide.
Molecular Pharmacology of the Calcitonin Receptor (2002)

The peptide hormone calcitonin is widely used therapeutically in the treatment of bone disorders such as Paget's disease, osteoporosis, and the hypercalcemia of some malignancies. However, emerging evidence suggests the actions of calcitonin via its G protein-coupled receptor, the calcitonin receptor, may not be limited to bone. Calcitonin receptors have also been identified in the central nervous system, testes, skeletal muscle, lymphocytes, and the placenta. We are now becoming aware that the complexity of the calcitonin response mediated by the calcitonin receptor can be influenced by accessory proteins, receptor isoforms, genetic polymorphisms, developmental and/or transcriptional regulation, feedback inhibition, and the specific cellular or tissue background. This article discusses what is known about the molecular and pharmacological actions of the calcitonin receptor and highlights areas of current research.
Different tubulin polymers are produced by microtubule-associated proteins MAP2 and tau in the presence of guanosine 5'-(alpha, beta-methylene)triphosphate. (1980)

Tubulin and the two microtubule-associated proteins MAP2 and tau were purified from pig brain. The ability of MAP2 and tau to induce tubulin polymerization in the presence of guanyl-5'-yl methylene diphosphonate was compared in parallel experiments. MAP2 at 0.2 mol/mol of tubulin induced the polymerization of tubulin exclusively into ribbons 0.45 +/- 0.05 micrometer long with an average of six protofilaments. At the same molar ratio, tau promoted the polymerizaton of tubulin exclusively into microtubules. These results strongly suggest that MAP2 and tau are functionally different proteins.
FLUSH+RELOAD: a high resolution, low noise, L3 cache side-channel attack (2013)

Flush+Reload is a cache side-channel attack that monitors access to data in shared pages. In this paper we demonstrate how to use the attack to extract private encryption keys from GnuPG. The high resolution and low noise of the Flush+Reload attack enables a spy program to recover over 98 % of the bits of the private key in a single decryption or signing round. Unlike previous attacks, the attack targets the last level L3 cache. Consequently, the spy program and the victim do not need to share the execution core of the CPU. The attack is not limited to a traditional OS and can be used in a virtualised environment, where it can attack programs executing in a different VM. 1
Differential expression of proteoglycan epitopes by ovine intervertebral disc cells (2000)

The alginate bead culture system has been utilised by several groups to examine the in vitro proteoglycan (PG) metabolism of chondrocytes and intervertebral disc cells, but the nature of the PGs produced has not been examined in detail. This is largely due to the difficulty of separating the anionically charged sodium alginate support matrix from PGs which are similarly charged. In the present study ovine annulus fibrosus, transitional zone and nucleus pulposus cells were dissociated enzymatically from their respective matrices by sequential digestion with pronase/clostridial collagenase and DNAase and then cultured in alginate beads for 10 d. The beads were solubilised and subjected to DEAE Sepharose CL6B anion exchange chromatography to separate the sodium alginate bead support matrix material quantitatively from the disc cell PGs. The alginate free bead PGs were then subjected to composite agarose polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to resolve PG populations and the PGs were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes by semidry electroblotting. The PGs were identified by probing the blots with a panel of antibodies to defined PG core protein and glycosaminoglycan side chain epitopes. Alginate beads of disc cells were also embedded in paraffin wax and 4 microm sections cut to immunolocalise decorin, biglycan, versican, and the 7-D-4 PG epitope within the beads. Decorin and biglycan had similar distributions in the beads, being localised on the cell surface whereas versican and the 7-D-4 PG epitope were immunolocalised interterritoriarly. This study is the first to demonstrate that ovine disc cells synthesise versican in alginate bead culture. Furthermore the immunoblotting studies also showed that a proportion of the 7-D-4 PG epitope was colocalised with versican.
Baculovirus as a highly efficient gene delivery vector for the expression of hepatitis delta virus antigens in mammalian cells (2004)

Baculovirus has been employed for a wide variety of applications. In this study, we further expanded the application to the high-level expression of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) antigens and the formation of virus-like particles (VLP) in transduced mammalian cells. To this end, two recombinant baculoviruses were constructed to express large hepatitis delta antigen (L-HDAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) under mammalian promoters. With a simplified transduction protocol using unconcentrated virus, high transduction efficiencies were achieved in hepatoma cells, in which L-HDAg and HBsAg were expressed abundantly, allowing for easy colorimetric detection in Western blots. L-HDAg alone was nucleus-bound and HBsAg alone was secreted; formation and secretion of HDV-like particles were readily detected upon coexpression, indicating that the baculovirus-expressed proteins were processed correctly as the authentic proteins. Quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) analyses quantitatively revealed that baculovirus transduction was more efficient than plasmid transfection with respect to DNA uptake and DNA transport to the nucleus. Furthermore, superinfection introduced more baculovirus DNA into cells in the long-term culture as revealed by Q-PCR, thereby enhancing and prolonging the expression. In summary, baculovirus transduction can be an attractive method as an alternative to the plasmid transfection commonly employed for HDV research thanks to the significantly higher gene delivery efficiencies as well as the abundant expression and proper processing. Baculovirus can also be envisaged as a useful tool for investigating protein-cell interactions and virus assembly.
Distinction by sequence analysis between cdc2 protein kinases involved in cell cycle control and closely related proteins. (1991)

Cdc2 proteins are well characterized as protein kinases and are functionally involved in the control of the G2 to M transition during cell division. cdc2 proteins (cdc2Sp, CDC28 and CDC2Gg) and proteins sharing a high degree of similarity with cdc2 proteins (EG1 and DM2C), and therefore belonging to the same structural family, were analyzed using Fourier transform of the coded sequences. Characteristic code/frequency pairs (0.140, 0.148 and 0.238) distinguish the cdc2 proteins from the related proteins. The frequencies 0.140, 0.148 and 0.238 (and the associated codes) allow discrimination between all cdc2 proteins (cdc2Sp, CDC28, CDC2Gg, CDC2Hs, CDC2Mm, CDC2Dm, CDC2Ms) and related proteins (EG1, DM2C, MO15, GTA, PHO85, KSS1, PSKJ3, FUS3, KIN28), thus providing the first evidence for predicting cdc2 function from a sequence. A rice cdc2 homolog (R2) did not match the cdc2 proteins and is, therefore, unlikely to be a cdc2 protein. Pertinent patterns in the cdc2 proteins were searched, and mapped to the 90-210 region (numbering from cdc2 of S. pombe) which correlates well with the putative cyclin binding domain of the cdc2 proteins.
Cerebral Asymmetry and Cognitive Development in Children: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (1996)

Phonemic awareness, the ability to abstract and manipulate auditory symbols, is a distinguishing human characteristic Neurobiological specializations in the left hemisphere and cultural exposure to language interact to shape development of this ability Modern imaging techniques now permit investigation of the interaction of these forces In this initial cross-sectional study, we found evidence for a shift from neurobiological to cultural regulation In young children, aged 5 to 9, anatomical asymmetry of the auditory association cortex predicted phonemic awareness In older children, the relationship disappeared, as all children became skilled readers The findings suggest that children with different patterns of cognitive strengths and weaknesses may have different spatiotemporal patterns of cortical development
Photodeposition of Zn, Se, and ZnSe thin films (1982)

Thin films of zinc, selenium, and zinc-selenide (nonstoichiometric) have been deposited at room temperature on various substrates by the photodissociation of zinc dimethyl and selenium dimethyl with an incoherent light source. Large thicknesses (∼6000Å) and areas with 2-cm cross diameters have been produced. This low-temperature technique may provide a drastically improved method for depositing laser mirror thin films that have much higher quality and purity levels not heretofore available by the more conventional methods such as vacuum deposition, electron or ion beams.
Advances in Cyclopentenone Synthesis from Furans (1982)

Both 2-furylcarb~nols and their ;-methyl derivatives are turned into the isomeric cyclopentenones through a molecular rearrangement catalyzed by acids or zinc chloride.The reaction was completely stereospecific and its mechanism w a s explained I" terms of a thermal electrocyclic reactlo" of a 4*e1ectrons
The use of plasmapheresis, lymphocytapheresis, and staph protein‐A immunoadsorption as an immunomodulatory therapy in patients with aids and aids‐related conditions (1986)

Circulating immune complexes, autoantibodies, and suppressor factors to normal lymphoproliferation may play an important role in the induction and maintenance of the cellular immunodeficiency characteristic for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and its related conditions. In order to explore the possibility that the removal of circulating humoral factors may have an immunomodulatory effect in patients with AIDS and AIDS-related conditions (ARC), we used apheresis procedures to treat patients with different clinical presentations of AIDS and ARC. Five patients with AIDS and opportunistic infections were treated with plasmapheresis. Four patients with AIDS and Kaposi's sarcoma without opportunistic infections were treated with staph protein-A immunoadsorption and two patients with ARC and peripheral neuropathy were treated with lymphoplasmapheresis. The treatments were tolerated well by all patients. Effective removal of circulating humoral immune factors was observed in all three groups. No significant clinical benefit was seen in the patients with AIDS and opportunistic infections treated with plasmapheresis. Partial tumor responses were observed in three of the four patients with AIDS related Kaposi's sarcoma treated with staph protein-A plasma perfusion, and resolution of neurologic symptoms was seen in both patients with ARC and peripheral neuropathy treated with lymphoplasmapheresis. Our preliminary results suggest that lymphoplasmapheresis may be an effective treatment modality for patients with ARC related peripheral neuropathy, that protein-A immunoadsorption is well tolerated by patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, and that this treatment has antitumor and immunomodulatory effects in these patients.
Properties of Built-up Films of Barium Stearate (1937)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties of Built-up Films of Barium StearateKatharine B. BlodgettCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1937, 41, 7, 975–984Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1937Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1937https://doi.org/10.1021/j150385a007Request reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (628 KB) Get e-Alerts
Spread and Control of Potato Leafroll Virus in Minnesota (1989)

We compared importance of green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphormae (Thomas), apterae and alatae in secondary spread of potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and the control achieved with foliar sprays alone to that of conventional practice using a soil systemic. Density gradients of apterae were produced by application of insecticidal sprays. Spread of PLRV from centrally located infector units was monitored in foliage serologically. PLRV infection ranged from 23.7 to 74% in 1985 and 12.3 to 77.2% in 1986. PLRV infection was significantly correlated with cumulative green peach aphid and with potato aphid apterae-days both years. Green peach aphid was more abundant than potato aphid and alatae were few both years. At all distances (1-5 m) from infector units, infection across rows was 38.7-60.6% of that within rows. Steep gradients of PLRV infection with distance from infector units indicated short-distance movement of vectors and suggested that apterae were of prime importance in PLRV spread. Check plots without a PLRV source and not augmented with green peach apllid (1986 only) had a final PLRV incidence of 1.5%, indicating only minor invasion of these plots by viruliferous alatae. Weekly application of methamidophos sprays reduced PLRV incidence to that in plotstreated with aldicarb at planting and weekly methamidophos sprays. It should be feasible to develop a seed potato pest management program for Minnesota based on foliar sprays alone.
Blind channel identification and extraction of more sources than sensors (1998)

It is often admitted that a static with more inputs than outputs cannot be blindly identified, that is, identified only from the observation of its outputs, and without any a priori knowledge on the source statistics but their independence.By resorting to high-order statistics, it turns out that static MIMO systems with fewer outputs than inputs can be identified, as demonstrated in the present paper. The principle, already described in a recent theoretical paper, had not yet been applied to a concrete blind identification problem. Here, in order to demonstrate its feasibility, the procedure is detailed in the case of a 2-sensor 3-source mixture; a numerical algorithm is devised, that blindly identifies a 3-input 2-output mixture. Computer results show its behavior as a function of the data length when sources are QPSK-modulated signals, widely used in digital communications. Then another algorithm is proposed to extract the 3 sources from the 2 observations, once the mixture has been identified. Contrary to the first algorithm, this one assumes that the sources have a known discrete distribution. Computer experiments are run in the case of three BPSK sources in presence of Gaussian noise.
A Unified Model for <i>De Novo</i> Design of Elastin-like Polypeptides with Tunable Inverse Transition Temperatures (2013)

Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are stimulus-responsive peptide polymers that exhibit inverse temperature phase transition behavior, causing an ELP to aggregate above its inverse transition temperature (T(t)). Although this property has been exploited in a variety of biotechnological applications, de novo design of ELPs that display a specific T(t) is not trivial because the T(t) of an ELP is a complex function of several variables, including its sequence, chain length, polypeptide concentration, and the type and concentration of cosolutes in solution. This paper provides a quantitative model that predicts the T(t) of a family of ELPs (Val-Pro-Gly-Xaa-Gly, where Xaa = Ala and/or Val) from their composition, chain length, and concentration in phosphate buffered saline. This model will enable de novo prediction of the amino acid sequence and chain length of ELPs that will display a predetermined T(t) in physiological buffer within a specified concentration regime, thereby greatly facilitating the design of new ELPs for applications in medicine and biotechnology.
Hexagonal fast Fourier transform with rectangular output (1993)

Hexagonal sampling is the most efficient sampling pattern for a two-dimensional circularly bandlimited function. A separable fast discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithm for hexagonally sampled data that directly computes output points on a rectangular lattice is reported. No interpolation is required. The algorithm has computational complexity comparable to that of standard two-dimensional fast Fourier transforms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>