gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Applications of Sensors for Human Posture and Movement Analysis (2007)

Measurement of human posture and movement is an important area of research in the bioengineering and rehabilitation fields. Various attempts have been initiated for different clinical application goals, such as diagnosis of pathological posture and movements, assessment of pre- and post-treatment efficacy and comparison of different treatment protocols. Image-based methods for measurements of human posture and movements have been developed, such as the photogrammetry, optoelectric technique and video analysis. However, it is found that these methods are complicated to set up, time-consuming to operate and could only be applied in laboratory environments. Electronic sensors and systems with advanced technology, namely accelerometer, gyroscope, flexible angular sensor, electromagnetic tracking system and sensing fabrics, have been developed and applied to solve the relevant application problems of the image-based methods. Nonetheless, other problems for using these electronic sensors emerged, including the environment influence and signal extraction difficulties. Further development of these electronic sensors and measurement methods could enhance their clinical applications in institutional as well as community levels. This article reviews the possible applications of these electronic sensors and systems, and precautions of their applications in analysis of human posture and movement. Such information would help researchers and clinicians in selecting and developing the most appropriate measurement techniques of using the electronic sensors for clinical applications of human posture and movement analysis.
Inhibitory factor(s) of lymphoproliferation produced by synovial fluid mononuclear cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients: the role of monocytes in suppression. (1980)

Synovial fluid (SF) and synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFM) were obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.). The SF stimulated normal blood monocytes for nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction and inhibited normal lymphocyte response to PHA. Similar activities were found in supernatants from the cultures of SFM cells. Molecular weight of the lymphocytes inhibitory factor(s) produced by SFM was in range 50,000 to 100,000. The factor exerted its inhibitory activity via monocytes and had no direct toxic or blocking effect on lymphocytes. Monocytes played an active role in suppression presumably via production of a second-step inhibitory signal(s). It is suggested that the monocytes activated by the SFM-produced factor(s) are in turn triggered on for suppression of lymphoproliferation. These studies implicate that the state of monocyte activation is important in the regulation of lymphocyte responsiveness. This model of suppression may provide some explanation for SF lymphocyte hyporeactivity to mitogens in R.A.
Polyubiquitin chain-induced p62 phase separation drives autophagic cargo segregation (2018)

Misfolded proteins can be degraded by selective autophagy. The prevailing view is that ubiquitin-tagged misfolded proteins are assembled into aggregates by the scaffold protein p62, and the aggregates are then engulfed and degraded by autophagosomes. Here we report that p62 forms droplets in vivo which have liquid-like properties such as high sphericity, the ability to undergo fusion, and recovery after photobleaching. Recombinant p62 does not undergo phase separation in vitro; however, adding a K63 polyubiquitin chain to p62 induces p62 phase separation, which results in enrichment of high-molecular weight ubiquitin signals in p62 droplets. Mixing recombinant p62 with cytosol from p62<sup>-/-</sup> cells also results in p62 phase separation in a polyubiquitination-dependent manner. Mechanistically, p62 phase separation is dependent on p62 polymerization, the interaction between p62 and ubiquitin, and the valence of the polyubiquitin chain. Moreover, p62 phase separation can be regulated by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation. Finally, we demonstrate that disease-associated mutations in p62 can affect phase separation. We propose that polyubiquitin chain-induced p62 phase separation drives autophagic cargo concentration and segregation.
Studies on yeast metabolism. 1. Fractionation and microdetermination of cell carbohydrates (1952)

Research Article| January 01 1952 Studies on yeast metabolism. 1. Fractionation and microdetermination of cell carbohydrates W. E. Trevelyan; W. E. Trevelyan 1Research and Development Department, Distillers Co. Ltd., Epsom, Surrey Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. S. Harrison J. S. Harrison 1Research and Development Department, Distillers Co. Ltd., Epsom, Surrey Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1952 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1952 Biochem J (1952) 50 (3): 298–303. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0500298 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation W. E. Trevelyan, J. S. Harrison; Studies on yeast metabolism. 1. Fractionation and microdetermination of cell carbohydrates. Biochem J 1 January 1952; 50 (3): 298–303. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0500298 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1952 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1952 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Immortalization of Cementoblast Progenitor Cells With Bmi-1 and TERT (2005)

A cementoblast progenitor cell line designated BCPb8 was successfully isolated from dental follicle cells immortalized with Bmi-1 and hTERT. BCPb8 showed the potential to differentiate into cementoblasts on implantation into immunodeficient mice. BCPb8 was confirmed to be the first established cementoblast progenitor cell line and will provide a useful model for investigating cementogenesis. Introduction: The dental follicle is the mesenchymal tissue surrounding the developing tooth germ. During tooth root development, progenitor cells present in the dental follicle are believed to play a central role in the formation of periodontal components (cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone). However, little more is known about the biology of these progenitors. Previously, we observed that cultured bovine dental follicle cells (BDFCs) contained putative cementoblast progenitors. To further analyze the biology of these cells, we attempted to isolate cementoblast progenitors from immortalized BDFC through expression of the polycomb group protein, Bmi-1, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Materials and Methods: BDFCs were transduced with replication-deficient retroviruses carrying human Bmi-1(LXSN-Bmi-1), and hTERT (LXSH-hTERT) for immortalization. Single cell clones were established from immortalized BDFC, and differentiation into cementoblasts was assessed by implantation into immunodeficient mice. Results and Conclusion: BDFCs expressing Bmi-1 and hTERT showed an extended life span - 90 population doublings more than normal BDFCs - and still contained cells with the potential to differentiate into cementoblasts on implantation into immunodeficient mice. From these cells, we established a clonal cell line, designated BCPb8, which formed cementum-like tissue that was reactive to the anti-cementum-specific monoclonal antibody 3G9 and expressed mRNA for bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and type I collagen on implantation. Thus, by using Bmi-1 and hTERT, we succeeded in immortalizing cementoblast progenitor cells from BDFC without affecting differentiation potential. The BCPb8 cell line is the first immortalized clonal cell line of cementoblast progenitors and could be a useful tool not only to study cementogenesis but also to develop regeneration therapy for patients with periodontitis.
High-efficiency amorphous and "micromorph" silicon solar cells (2003)

LP-CVD ZnO has been developed at IMT as front TCO for a-Si:H p-i-n single-junction and “micro-morph ” (microcrystalline/amorphous silicon) tandem solar cells. An amorphous silicon single-junction p-i-n cell (~1 cm2) with a stabilized efficiency of 9.47 % has independently been confirmed by NREL. Applying the monolithic series connection by laser-scribing, both for amorphous single-junction and micromorph tandem cells, modules have been fabricated on LP-CVD ZnO. After light-soaking, mini-modules, with an aperture efficiency of 8.7 % in the case of amorphous silicon cells (confirmed by NREL), and of 9.8 % in the case of micromorph tandem cells, have been obtained. Micromorph tandem cells with an intermediate TCO reflector between the amorphous top and the microcrystalline bottom cell reveal an almost stable performance (η = 10.7 %) with respect to light-soaking. 1.
Competitive Effects of Cool-Season Grasses on Re-Establishment of Three Weed Species<sup>1</sup> (2001)

The competitive ability of five cool-season grasses relative to Dalmatian toadflax, musk thistle, and downy brome was assessed in two field studies. In 1994, Bozoisky Russian wildrye and four wheatgrass varieties (Critana thickspike, Hycrest crested, Luna pubescent, and Sodar streambank wheatgrass) were seeded into populations of downy brome and musk thistle at Riverside, WY. The same grasses were seeded into populations of Dalmatian toadflax at Cheyenne, WY, in 1995. In 1997 and 1998, weed populations at both study sites were reduced in areas seeded with the five grasses relative to unseeded controls. Hycrest crested and Luna pubescent wheatgrasses were the most competitive against the three weed species. Bozoisky Russian wildrye was more competitive against Dalmatian toadflax than against the other weeds. Sodar streambank wheatgrass suppressed musk thistle and downy brome but was not competitive against Dalmatian toadflax. Seeded grasses, such as Hycrest crested and Luna pubescent wheatgrass, appeared to limit the re-establishment of these weeds. Economic model predictions of the net present values and the internal rates of return suggest that Hycrest crested and Luna pubescent wheatgrass can provide financially feasible long-term weed control only if desired grass yields are maintained for more than 15 yr.Nomenclature: Crested wheatgrass, Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. × Agropyron desertorum Gaertn. var. ‘Hycrest’; Dalmatian toadflax, Linaria genistifolia spp. dalmatica (L.) Maire and Petitmengi #3 LINDA; downy brome, Bromus tectorum L. # BROTE; musk thistle, Carduus nutans L. # CRUNU; pubescent wheatgrass, Thinopyrum intermedium (Host. Barkworth & Dewey) Nevski var. ‘Luna’; Russian wildrye, Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch) Nevski var. ‘Bozoisky’; streambank wheatgrass, Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J. G. Smith) Gould var. ‘Sodar’; thickspike wheatgrass, Elymus macrourus (Turcz.) Tzvelev var. ‘Critana’.Additional index words: Competition, economic analysis, integrated controls, perennial grass.Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; IRR, internal rate of return; LSD, least significant difference; NPV, net present value.
Increased Red-Cell Sodium-Lithium Countertransport in Normotensive Sons of Hypertensive Parents (1982)

MOST investigators would agree that both heredity and environment are important determinants in the development of essential hypertension. Among the environmental factors, dietary sodium has a prominent but incompletely defined role. Familial aggregation of levels of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure has been confirmed, but the mode of inheritance is debated. Pickering assembled evidence supporting polygenic inheritance and a unimodal, rather than bimodal, distribution of blood pressure in large populations.1 Attempts to find an inherited prehypertensive defect or a genetic marker for essential hypertension have not yielded conclusive results. Recently the study of cation transport across red-cell membranes has . . .
Analysis of correlated mutations in HIV-1 protease using spectral clustering (2008)

HIV-1 protease sequences from patients subjected to different specific treatments (set 1), and from untreated patients (set 2) were subjected to sequence covariance analysis by evaluating the mutual information (MI) between all residue pairs. Spectral clustering of the resulting covariance matrices disclosed two distinctive clusters of correlated residues: the first, observed in set 1 but absent in set 2, contained residues involved in MDR acquisition; and the second, included those residues differentiated in the various HIV-1 protease subtypes, shortly referred to as the phylogenetic cluster. The MDR cluster occupies sites close to the central symmetry axis of the enzyme, which overlap with the global hinge region identified from coarse-grained normal-mode analysis of the enzyme structure. The phylogenetic cluster, on the other hand, occupies solvent-exposed and highly mobile regions. This study demonstrates (i) the possibility of distinguishing between the correlated substitutions resulting from neutral mutations and those induced by MDR upon appropriate clustering analysis of sequence covariance data and (ii) a connection between global dynamics and functional substitution of amino acids.
New Cytotoxic Prenylated Isoflavonoids from<i>Bituminaria morisiana</i> (2005)

Using cytotoxicity against KB cancer cells as a lead, bioguided-fractionation of the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of Bituminaria morisiana leaves led to the isolation of two new pterocarpans, namely 3,9-dihydroxy-4-(3,3-dimethylallyl) [6a R, 11a R]-pterocarpan, 3-hydroxy-4-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-4'',5''-dehydropyrano[8,9:2'',3''][6a R,11a R]-pterocarpan and one new isoflavone identified as 4',5''-dihydroxy-6''-methoxy-4'',4''-dimethyl-4'',5''-dihydro-6'' H-pyrano[2'',3'':7,8]-isoflavone. Moreover, two known pterocarpans, erybraedin C and bitucarpin A, three known isoflavones, daidzein, 8-prenyldaidzein and bidwillon C, one known furocoumarin, pseudoisopsoralen and one known coumestan, coumestrol were isolated. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by means of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry. Further cytotoxicity tests against cells related to the immune system (Jurkat T, Mono-Mac-6 and polymorphonuclear cells) showed a moderate activity of the known pterocarpan erybraedin C against all cell lines used (IC (50) values between 17.6-28.8 microM). In addition, erybraedin C was found to induce necrosis in leukaemia Jurkat T cells.
Histone Deacetylase Activity Is Required for the Induction of the MyoD Muscle Cell Lineage in Xenopus (2000)

Acetylation of nucleosome core histones, which is positively correlated with transcriptional activity, is developmentally regulated in Xenopus. Here we have used the specific histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) to induce precocious histone hyperacetylation in the early frog embryo in order to investigate the potential role of the endogenous changes in chromatin acetylation for the temporally programmed induction of skeletal myogenesis. We show that TSA-treatment (i) selectively blocked the transcriptional induction of the myoD gene, and (ii) severely reduced subsequent muscle differentiation. Both phenotypes required TSA application before gastrulation. This indicates that HDAC activity is required early for the formation of the frog embryonic musculature, apparently for the induction of the MyoD-dependent muscle cell lineage.
Guaranteed Safe Online Learning via Reachability: tracking a ground target using a quadrotor (2012)

While machine learning techniques have become popular tools in the design of autonomous systems, the asymptotic nature of their performance guarantees means that they should not be used in scenarios in which safety and robustness are critical for success. By pairing machine learning algorithms with rigorous safety analyses, such as Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs (HJI) reachability, this limitation can be overcome. Guaranteed Safe Online Learning via Reachability (GSOLR) is a framework which combines HJI reachability with general machine learning techniques, allowing for the design of robotic systems which demonstrate both high performance and guaranteed safety. In this paper we show how the GSOLR framework can be applied to a target tracking problem, in which an observing quadrotor helicopter must keep a target ground vehicle with unknown (but bounded) dynamics inside its field of view at all times, while simultaneously attempting to build a motion model of the target. The resulting algorithm was implemented on board the Stanford Testbed of Autonomous Rotorcraft for Multi-Agent Control, and was compared to a naive safety-only algorithm and a learning-only algorithm. Experimental results illustrate the success of the GSOLR algorithm, even under scenarios in which the machine learning algorithm performed poorly (and would otherwise lead to unsafe actions), thus demonstrating the power of this technique.
Editorial overview: Corneal and external disorders and refractive surgery (1997)

*University Eye Hospital of Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany †University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Theoretical study of coated spherical metallic nanoparticles for single-molecule surface-enhanced spectroscopy (2004)

We investigate the possibility to use coated metallic nanoparticles for single-molecule surface-enhanced spectroscopy by extending the Mie theory. The aggregates of metallodielectric spheres of Au and Ag show a strong local intensity enhancement in the cavity between particles, which can result in up to a 1014-fold increase for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. We also examine the thickness of the coating layer, the size of the core, and the incident wavelength that determine the enhancement.
GHz-Band Surface Acoustic Wave Devices Using the Second Leaky Mode on LiTaO<sub>3</sub> and LiNbO<sub>3</sub> (1997)

The propagation characteristics of a new high-phase-velocity leaky surface acoustic wave (SAW) mode, which is called the second leaky mode, were analyzed experimentally in a periodic structure on LiTaO 3 (90°, 90°, 31°) and LiNbO 3 (90°, 90°, 37°). As regards the mode on LiTaO 3 , the propagation loss is lowest when KH ( K =wave number, H =Al electrode thickness) is about 0.5. The higher mode of the second leaky mode is excited when KH is more than 0.7. As regards the mode on LiNbO 3 , the propagation loss exhibits no distinct minimum when plotted against KH . The higher mode of the second leaky mode is excited when KH is more than 0.6. A ladder-type band-pass SAW filter utilizing the second leaky mode on LiTaO 3 was designed and fabricated by applying the analysis extended results to the periodic structure. The pitch of the electrode fingers is 0.8 µ m. The center frequency of the pass band is 1.866 GHz. The minimum insertion loss is 3.3 dB. The width of the 1 dB pass band is 32 MHz. The attenuation at a center frequency of ±60 MHz is 25 dB. The measured characteristics of this filter are sufficient for practical mobile communication systems.
Reversible Watermarking for Knowledge Digest Embedding and Reliability Control in Medical Images (2008)

To improve medical image sharing in applications such as e-learning or remote diagnosis aid, we propose to make the image more usable by watermarking it with a digest of its associated knowledge. The aim of such a knowledge digest (KD) is for it to be used for retrieving similar images with either the same findings or differential diagnoses. It summarizes the symbolic descriptions of the image, the symbolic descriptions of the findings semiology, and the similarity rules that contribute to balancing the importance of previous descriptors when comparing images. Instead of modifying the image file format by adding some extra header information, watermarking is used to embed the KD in the pixel gray-level values of the corresponding images. When shared through open networks, watermarking also helps to convey reliability proofs (integrity and authenticity) of an image and its KD. The interest of these new image functionalities is illustrated in the updating of the distributed users' databases within the framework of an e-learning application demonstrator of endoscopic semiology.
DBR waveguide laser in erbium-diffusion-doped LiNbO <sub>3</sub> (1995)

The first integrated optical DBR waveguide laser with dry-etched Bragg grating (345 nm period) is demonstrated in Er-diffusion-doped Z-cut LiNbO3 with Ti-diffused waveguide. Three different resonator configurations have been investigated. The best device has a threshold of 40 mW coupled pump power (λp = 1484 nm) and emits up to 2 mW CW output power at λs = 1531 nm with a typical bandwidth of 3.6 GHz.
The Role of Chemotherapy in Recurrent Malignant Gliomas: An Overview (1996)

First-line treatment of malignant gliomas invariably includes surgery when feasible, and often adjuvant radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy; at progression or recurrence, the only remaining possibility is chemotherapy. While the role of first-line treatment has been established by many randomized studies, second-line treatment is not as well defined. To analyze the difficulties encountered with cytotoxic drugs in relation to both the blood-brain barrier and drug resistance, we examined the results obtained by single-agent chemotherapy, drug combinations, and biological response modifiers. Our findings confirmed that the nitrosoureas are the most active substances at the time of recurrence; these agents give an approximately 30% global response rate, with about 20 weeks' survival. Although no comparative randomized studies regarding single- versus multiple-agent chemotherapy are available, the latter approach, including nitrosourea, can obtain an up to 40% rate of response, with survival ranging from 30 to 50 weeks. The role of interferons has been very controversial; individually, alpha- and beta-interferons seem to give a 20% response rate, with 20 weeks' survival. To date, they have never been used in combination with cytotoxic drugs, but they may prove synergistic without increasing toxicity. Studies addressing the quality of life of these patients are not available, and it is clear that we need more basic research in this field.
Histatin 5 inhibits inflammatory cytokine induction from human gingival fibroblasts by <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (2000)

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative rod associated with the progression of human periodontal disease. It has been demonstrated that outer-membrane proteins as well as lipopolysaccharides from P. gingivalis ATCC 53977 can induce interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-8 from the cells of the periodontium in vitro. But, they cannot induce IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha from the cells. In the present study, we studied the effects of salivary protein on cytokine induction from human gingival fibroblasts by P. gingivalis outer-membrane protein. Histatin 5 suppressed the IL-6 and IL-8 induction by P. gingivalis outer-membrane protein. This activity was more effective when outer-membrane protein was incubated with histatin 5 before addition to the cell culture. The present study indicates that histatin 5 restrains induction of inflammatory cytokines by periodontal pathogens and that histatin is one of the salivary proteins responsible for this activity.