gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparisons of some NIST fixed-point cells with similar cells of other standards laboratories (1996)

In this paper we present results of international comparisons of fixed-point cells of some of the defining fixed-point materials of the International Temperature Scale of 1990. These comparisons involved cells from seven national laboratories, although in some cases only one type of fixed-point material was compared. Except for silver cells, the agreement among cells of the same defining fixed-point material from the various laboratories was to within 1 mK. The expanded uncertainties (k = 2) of the comparison measurements were 12 µK for Ga, 18 µK for H2O, 27 µK for Sn, 35 µK for In, 37 µK for Zn, 42 µK for Al, and 55 µK for Ag.
The emergence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in the United States. The changing epidemiology of foodborne disease (1993)

In this issue ofThe Journal, Besser et al present findings from an outbreak of<i>Escherichia coli</i>O157:H7 that occurred in southeastern Massachusetts in the fall of 1991.<sup>1</sup>Twenty-three cases of<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 infection were identified; four had a diagnosis of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which is a well-recognized complication of<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 infection. The outbreak was identified because the cases of HUS clustered in time at one hospital. A well-conducted case-control study implicated apple cider as the vehicle of transmission. While this is an unusual vehicle for a foodborne pathogen, the authors offer data from inoculation studies showing that<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 organisms can survive for many days in refrigerated cider. In addition, the authors cite two previously reported outbreaks of illness associated with drinking apple cider. Interestingly enough, one was an outbreak of HUS and was probably caused by<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 organisms. See also
A microfluidic abacus channel for controlling the addition of droplets (2008)

This paper reports the first use of the abacus-groove structure to handle droplets in a wide microchannel, with no external forces integrated to the system other than the pumps. Microfluidic abacus channels are demonstrated for the sequential addition of droplets at the desired location. A control channel which is analogous to biasing in electronics can also be used to precisely determine the number of added droplets, when all other experimental conditions are fixed including the size of the droplets and the frequency of droplet-generation. The device allows programmable and autonomous operations of complex two-phase microfluidics as well as new applications for the method of analysis and computations in lab-on-a-chip devices.
News and Notes (1985)

Other| February 01 1985 News and Notes David G. Warren David G. Warren Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google J Health Polit Policy Law (1985) 10 (1): 215–227. https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-10-1-215 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation David G. Warren; News and Notes. J Health Polit Policy Law 1 February 1985; 10 (1): 215–227. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-10-1-215 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsJournal of Health Politics, Policy and Law Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1985 by the Dept. of Health Administration, Duke University1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
RootGuard: Protecting Rooted Android Phones (2014)

Though popular for achieving full operation functionality, rooting Android phones opens these devices to significant security threats. RootGuard offers protection from malware with root privileges while providing user flexibility and control. The Web extra at http://youtu.be/-KMMfxOoCjg is a video demonstration of how RootGuard manages root privileges of Android apps in a flexible and robust manner. First, we use the popular root-required app Root Explorer to show the configuration and effectiveness of RootGuard policies. Then, we use DKFBootkit, a real-world malicious app that leverages root access to do evil, to show how malware attacks performed with root privileges are mitigated by RootGuard.
Concepts for reduction of blade-vortex interaction noise (1986)

A model is developed to determine the critical parameters that control noise generation by blade-vortex interaction (BVI). The equations for evaluation BVI are derived. The analysis of BVI using the model reveals that the interaction is dependent on incoming vortex strength, blade lift, the interaction length, and the miss distance of the interaction. Several methods for reduction of the noise source are proposed.
Collaboration technology for organization design (2002)

The significance, bases, and means for developing multiuser computer-based environments for supporting organization design are discussed. Organization design: is defined in terms of organization work, structure, and process; is an ongoing, evolutionary phenomenon; and can and should be an inclusive, distributed, multiparticipant effort. The requirements for computer-based technology that supports this working perspective and an overview of a prototype technology that addresses these requirements is presented. The prototype technology consists of two interacting components: Deva, an interactive, multiuser graphical editor for managing process descriptions, and GPOD, an associated group process for using Deva for organization design. It is concluded that such technologies will enable organizations to become self-organizing systems, thereby allowing them to more effectively compete and survive in today's rapidly changing environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Statins And Coronary Artery Disease (2005)

Statins have been proven to be clinically effective in both the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease is a common and serious condition due to an underlying pathology of atherosclerosis, which is caused mainly by increased levels of low-density lipoprotein that accumulate in the walls of the coronary arteries. The main treatment option for high cholesterol levels is a group of cholesterol-lowering drugs called statins. They act mainly on the liver enzymes responsible for cholesterol synthesis, reducing the production of cholesterol. This has been proven to be very effective in decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with coronary artery disease, as evidenced in a number of clinical trials and studies using statins.
Mechanism of immune complex‐mediated damage: induction of interleukin 1 by immune complexes and synergy with interferon‐γ and tumor necrosis factor‐α (1989)

The ability of immune complexes derived from patients with type II mixed essential cryoglobulinemia to trigger the production of interleukin 1 (IL 1) was investigated. Immune complexes containing either IgM/IgG or IgA/IgG aggregates were shown to induce IL 1 production in human peripheral blood monocyte-enriched populations. Interferon-gamma alone did not induce detectable IL 1, but increased the IL 1 production induced by the immune complexes. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which is a potent inducer of IL 1, also enhanced IL 1 production following stimulation with suboptimal doses of the immune complex. The findings suggest that immune complexes may induce inflammation partly due to their capacity to induce the synthesis of IL 1.
The sequence of the nucleocapsid protein (N) gene of Piry virus: possible domains in the N protein of vesiculoviruses (1990)

A number of independent cDNA clones of the Piry virus N gene message were identified and sequenced. From the resulting sequences and previously published data, we derived the sequence of the mRNA for this protein. Sequence similarities of the translated region of Piry virus with that of other viruses suggest that Piry virus is as distantly related to Chandipura virus as it is to the vesicular stomatitis viruses of Indiana and New Jersey serotypes. Based on the relative conservation of the amino acid sequence of the nucleocapsid protein of these vesiculoviruses, the N protein can be subdivided into at least three regions, possibly indicative of functional domains.
Outer-scale effects on beam-wander and angle-of-arrival variances (1992)

Single-integral equations are developed for the angle-of-arrival and beam-wander variances of propagated gaussian and uniform-intensity beams through refractive turbulence with a finite outer scale. The equations developed for Gaussian beams include initial wave-front curvature, diffraction, and turbulent spreading effects. Form-fitting expressions are used in both cases to reduce second- and third-order integral equations into equivalent single-integral forms. Numerical calculations with these new approximations give results within a few percent of the results obtained by using the more rigorous multiple integral expressions. Spectral analysis indicates that the refractive-index turbule size with the greatest influence on beam wander and angle of arrival is proportional to the outer-scale size.
Computationally Efficient Multiple-Independent-Gate Device Model (2015)

Nanowire field effect transistors (FETs) with multiple independent gates around a silicon channel feature ultimate gate control, and are regarded as promising candidates for next-generation transistors. Being inherently more complex than the conventional gate-all-around nanowire FETs, they require longer simulation time, especially with numerical simulations. We present a new model, enabling the efficient computation of voltages and current in modular semiconductor structures with an arbitrary number of independent gate regions. Its validity extends on gate-all-around MOSFETs, FinFETs, and gateless channels. It exploits existing models for conventional devices and builds results on top of these. Being completely general, the method is independent from the models used to describe each region, a charge-based model in our case. Applied to a multiindependent-gate nanowire FET structure, extensive comparison of the proposed method with results from physics-based TCAD Atlas software and with numerical exact results show very good agreement with relative errors of less than 1.8% for potentials and less than 4% for currents, under a broad variations of physical parameters as well as biasing conditions. Interpreted language implementation shows a performance advantage in excess of one order of magnitude with respect to standard optimized numerical methods, still providing excellent accuracy, and making it suitable for implementation in circuit simulators.
The Rametrix<sup>™</sup> PRO Toolbox v1.0 for MATLAB<sup>®</sup> (2020)

The number of spectral principal components (PCs) used in building the DAPC model impacted the model accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in leave-one-out analyses. For the dataset in this study, using 35 PCs in the DAPC model resulted in 100% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in classifying an unknown Raman spectrum of urine as belonging to a CKD patient or a healthy volunteer. Models built with fewer or greater number of PCs showed inferior performance, which demonstrated the value of Rametrix<sup>™</sup> PRO in evaluating chemometric models constructed with Rametrix<sup>™</sup> LITE.
CD8α Coreceptor to Improve TCR Gene Transfer to Treat Melanoma: Down-Regulation of Tumor-Specific Production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 (2006)

Therapeutic success of TCR gene transfer to treat tumors depends on the ability of redirected T cells to become activated upon tumor recognition in vivo. Help provided by tumor-specific Th1 cells is reported to relieve T cells from an anergized state and to induce tumor regression. We recently demonstrated the ability to generate melanoma-specific Th1 cells by genetic introduction of both a CD8-dependent TCR and the CD8alpha coreceptor into CD4+ T cells. In this study, we analyzed a TCR that binds Ag independently of CD8, a property generally preferred to induce tumor-specific T cell responses, and addressed the contribution of CD8alpha following introduction into TCR-transduced CD4+ T cells. To this end, primary human CD4+ T cells were gene transferred with a high-avidity TCR, and were shown not only to bind peptide/MHC class I, but also to effectively kill Ag-positive tumor cells in the absence of CD8alpha. The introduction of CD8alpha up-regulates the tumor-specific production of TNF-alpha and IL-2 to some extent, but significantly down-regulates production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 in CD4+ T cells. The introduction of a mutated cysteine motif in CD8alpha, which prevents its binding to LCK and linker for activation of T cells, did not adversely affect expression and T cell cytotoxicity, but counteracted the CD8alpha-mediated down-regulation of IL-4 and IL-5, but not IL-10. In conclusion, CD8alpha down-regulates the production of major Th2-type cytokines, in part mediated by LCK and/or linker for activation of T cells, and may induce differentiation of tumor-specific Th1 cells, which makes this coreceptor an interesting candidate to improve the clinical potential of TCR gene transfer to treat cancer.
Automated PS to PP event registration and estimation of a high‐resolution v<sub>p</sub>‐v<sub>s</sub>ratio volume (2004)

We present a new method to perform seismic event registration enabling an automated calibration of PP and PS seismic sections/volumes. The algorithm is characterized by its multi‐resolution and multi‐attribute approach. The outcome of the process is a PS seismic volume stretched to the PP time scale allowing a joint analysis and inversion of the multi‐component data set. Furthermore, a high‐resolution vp‐vs ratio volume is generated that can potentially be used as a new seismic attribute in reservoir characterization or can be applied as the vp‐vs ratio trend model in elastic impedance inversion. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated at hand of synthetic, as well as, real data from the North Sea.
The immune response to chronic <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> lung infection in cystic fibrosis patients is predominantly of the Th2 type (2000)

Most cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection have a persistent acute type lung inflammation dominated by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and a pronounced antibody response against P. aeruginosa. We speculated whether this immune response in CF is of the Th2 type and whether a change to a Th1 type immune response could improve the prognosis. Therefore, we studied 14 CF patients with (CF +P) and 14 CF patients without (CF -P) chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection. The specific production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was determined. Cells from CF +P patients had lower IFN-gamma (p<0.05) and higher IL-4 (p<0.005) production as compared to cells from CF -P patients. Furthermore, a positive correlation between IFN-gamma production and lung function was found (FVC: Rho = 0.637; p<0.03; FEV1: Rho=0.524; p<0.07). We conclude that a Th2 type immune response is most frequent in CF patients with chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection, and the patients with a Th1-dominated immune response had the best lung function. The clinical implication is that a change to a Th1 type immune response might improve the prognosis in these patients.
Co-incident insertion enables high efficiency genome engineering in mouse embryonic stem cells (2016)

CRISPR/Cas9 nucleases have enabled powerful, new genome editing capabilities; however, the preponderance of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) mediated repair events over homology directed repair (HDR) in most cell types limits the ability to engineer precise changes in mammalian genomes. Here, we increase the efficiency of isolating precise HDR-mediated events in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells by more than 20-fold through the use of co-incidental insertion (COIN) of independent donor DNA sequences. Analysis of on:off-target frequencies at the Lef1 gene revealed that bi-allelic insertion of a PGK-Neo cassette occurred more frequently than expected. Using various selection cassettes targeting multiple loci, we show that the insertion of a selectable marker at one control site frequently coincided with an insertion at an unlinked, independently targeted site, suggesting enrichment of a sub-population of HDR-proficient cells. When individual cell events were tracked using flow cytometry and fluorescent protein markers, individual cells frequently performed either a homology-dependent insertion event or a homology-independent event, but rarely both types of insertions in a single cell. Thus, when HDR-dependent selection donors are used, COIN enriches for HDR-proficient cells among heterogeneous cell populations. When combined with a self-excising selection cassette, COIN provides highly efficient and scarless genome editing.
Endoscopic radial artery harvesting procedure for coronary artery bypass grafting. (2013)

Development and adoption of endoscopic minimally invasive saphenous vein harvesting prompted its application to the radial artery in an effort to minimize surgical trauma. Recently, we reported that endoscopic radial artery harvesting was associated with better wound appearance and it proved to be safe and effective, with less pain and fewer wound complications than the open surgical technique. Based on this positive experience, our institution adopted endoscopic radial artery harvesting, hence the aim of this manuscript is to describe the minimally invasive endoscopic radial artery harvesting for coronary artery bypass grafting.
Cooperative Boundary Detection for Spectrum Sensing Using Dedicated Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

Spectrum sensing is one of the key enabling technologies in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs). In CRNs, secondary users (SUs) are allowed to exploit the spectrum opportunities by sensing and accessing the spectrum, which exhibit many critical limitations in practical environments. In this paper, we propose a new sensing service model that uses dedicated wireless spectrum sensor networks (WSSN) for spectrum sensing. The major challenge in WSSN is the design of data fusion, for which the traditional fusion scheme will produce a large amount of errors. We formulate the problem as a boundary detection problem with notable unknown erroneous inputs. To solve the problem, we propose a novel cooperative boundary detection scheme that intelligently incorporates the cooperative spectrum sensing concept and the recent advances in support vector machine (SVM). Cooperative boundary detection consists of two major components, a declaration calibration algorithm and a boundary derivation algorithm. We prove that cooperative spectrum sensing can asymptotically approach the optimal solution. A prototype system as well as simulation experiments show that compared with the traditional approaches, cooperative boundary detection can reduce the errors by up to 95% with an average reduction about 85%.
Safe and Effective Importance Sampling (2000)

Abstract We present two improvements on the technique of importance sampling. First, we show that importance sampling from a mixture of densities, using those densities as control variates, results in a useful upper bound on the asymptotic variance. That bound is a small multiple of the asymptotic variance of importance sampling from the best single component density. This allows one to benefit from the great variance reductions obtainable by importance sampling, while protecting against the equally great variance increases that might take the practitioner by surprise. The second improvement is to show how importance sampling from two or more densities can be used to approach a zero sampling variance even for integrands that take both positive and negative values.
5-Hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine. Cytotoxicity and DNA Incorporation Studied by Using a Novel [2-14C]-Derivative with Normal and Leukemic Human Hematopoietic Cells. (1985)

5-Hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine is a biologically active thymidine analogue. This investigation was aimed at characterizing the cytotoxicity of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine and its incorporation into DNA. Fifty percent inhibition of cellular proliferation, assessed by incorporation of [U-14C]-L-leucine in vitro, was caused by 1.7-5.8 X 10(-5) incorporation of [U-14C]-L-leucine in vitro, was caused by 1.7-5.8 X 10(-5) M 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine in seven human leukemia cell lines. Higher concentrations of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, i.e. 6-8 X 10(-5) M, were required for a comparable inhibition in human PHA-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes. A new synthesis procedure for [2-14C]5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine was developed. The net incorporation of [2-14C]5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine into DNA of hematopoietic cells was low. The possibility of a repair mechanism for 5-hydroxymethyluracil bound to DNA is discussed.
Attending to Emotional Expressions about Climate Change (2017)

This chapter describes what emotions are and why they are important in climate change education. It discusses the specific aspects of climate change that elicit emotional expressions are important to understanding learners' and teachers' emotional connections to the phenomena. Identifying what counts as emotional expressions in science classrooms requires teachers and researchers to attend to the norms of participating and the ways in which opportunities for emotional expressions are constructed. There are multiple features of emotional expressions, each contributing to a nuanced understanding of emotional engagement with climate change: aboutness, emotion type, ownership of expression, and frequency within a discourse event. The chapter concludes with a set of recommendations for climate change educators around valuing emotional expressions. In order for climate educators to make space for learners to make sense of climate change emotionally, teacher educators must also address emotions in teacher learning settings.
Influence of Preparation and Wall Thickness on the Resistance to Fracture of Zirconia Implant Abutments (2011)

All tested abutments have the potential to withstand physiologic occlusal forces in the anterior region (> 200 N). The applicability of the results to other implant systems should be verified.
Online Smoothing of VBR H.263 Video for the CDMA2000 and IS-95B Uplinks (2004)

The variable bit rate nature of compressed video remains a major challenge to the transmission of real-time video over mobile CDMA cellular networks. Indeed, H.263 and MPEG-4 video bitstreams can exhibit high peak rates and frequent rate variations, which are difficult to support in 2.5G and 3G mobile networks. In this paper, we consider smoothing schemes to minimize the peak rate, variance, and average bandwidth of the transmitted signal, in order to obtain a lower bit-error-rate and thus, a higher received video quality than if unsmoothed video were transmitted. By introducing a delay in the decoding process, the video output stream can be buffered at the video decoder end: this buffering capability is used in order to perform real-time smoothing of the video streams. The transmitter chooses among the set of rates provided by the IS-95B or cdma2000 standards, in a mobility scenario, in order to support the rate variations. We simulate two end-to-end video communication systems based on IS-95B and cdma2000. They consist of an H.263 codec, an H.223 multiplexer, a rate management system and the physical layer components of the IS-95B and cdma2000 standards. The transmitted signal is subject to multipath fading and multiple-access interference, obtained by simulating all the other users in the cell. Results show a significant gain in the video quality obtained through smoothing of the video streams.