gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Software to support massively parallel computing on the MasPar MP-1 (2002)

The software product set of the MasPar computer is examined, the key issues being the programming model, software philosophy, parallel virtuality, programming languages and their compilers, application porting and adaptation, and programming support. VLSI technology and massively parallel architecture are combined in the MP-1 to offer what would be considered supercomputer performance at a minicomputer price.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Media Trilogy (1994)

Collects together Robert Harris's three books - Gotcha!, Selling Hitler and Good and Faithful Servant - together with an introduction by the author. Taken together, these three titles amount to a portrait of the media today and its effect on some of the most important issues of our age.
Collaborative sharing of quality of service-information for mobile service users (2009)

Mobile applications emerge, driven by the ubiquitous availability of mobile devices and wireless communication infrastructures. They aspire providing mobile services to users anywhere-anytime, while relying their delivery on the best-effort Quality of Service (QoS) of the underlying wireless networks. We examine a technical and business viability of QoS-information system (QoSIS), which, based on Mobile Web 2.0 paradigm for a collaborative sharing of QoS-information for mobile service users, predicts the QoS provided by networks available in a given mobile user location-time, thus enabling this user an informed network choice. We present a QoSIS case study based on a health telemonitoring service.
Microstructural effects on detonation performance of CL-20 and HNS. (2006)

Abstract not provided.
La incierta transición de Afganistán: del caos a la normalidad (2006)

Este documento de trabajo es una traducción, realizada por el Real Instituto Elcano, del publicado originalmente en inglés por el Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), organismo sin afiliación política, con sedes en Washington y Nueva York, dedicado a la publicación y difusión de ideas para facilitar la comprensión de la situación mundial y de las medidas de política exterior adoptadas en los Estados Unidos y otros Estados.
Fast pyrolysis of coffee ground in a tilted‐slide reactor and characteristics of biocrude oil (2017)

Coffee grounds are considered to be a promising biomass resource due to the growth of coffee consumption and their high calorific value. In this study, we produced biocrude oil from coffee grounds in a tilted‐slide reactor, which has been previously used for the fast pyrolysis of woody biomass. Various pyrolysis temperatures were tested and the maximum biocrude oil yield was 59% at the pyrolysis temperature of 550°C with a feeding rate of coffee grounds at 17.7 kg/h. In a multistage condenser, the biocrude oil yields and properties were different in each condenser stage. The higher heating value of the biocrude oil from the primary condenser was 7,157 kcal/kg, which was about 60% higher than that from woody biomass. A phase separation was observed when the biocrude oil was stored at the atmospheric condition, and the biocrude oil viscosity became quite larger than that from woody biomass, which could even impede its flow. The viscosity decreased with increasing temperature and was more sensitive to temperature variations at lower temperatures. Mixing of ethanol also significantly improved viscosity characteristics. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 655–661, 2017
Software and Performance Issues in the Implementation of a RAID Prototype (1990)

Abstract : This report is the result of knowledge gained in designing and implementing software for RAID-I (RAID the First), a prototype RAID level 5 system designed and built at the University of California at Berkeley. RAID-I is currently fully operational and should soon be available as a network file server. The main purpose of RAID-I is to prototype RAID specific software, gain experience with SCSI, and foresee performance bottlenecks in the implementation of more advanced RAID systems currently being designed at Berkeley. The following assumes that the reader is familiar with RAID systems. The earlier sections of this document are concerned with describing the RAID-I software. Specifically, they describe how logical RAID block addresses (block number) are mapped to physical disk addresses (disk, sector), how IO requests are serviced, and how the recovery mechanism reconstructs the contents of failed disks concurrently with user request servicing. The latter sections investigate the performance consequences of various parity placement schemes. In particular, we find that at relatively large request sizes, on the order of a few hundred kilobytes, the choice of parity placement can cause significant differences in performance.
Optimum quantum error recovery using semidefinite programming (2007)

Quantum error correction (QEC) is an essential element of physical quantum information processing systems. Most QEC efforts focus on extending classical error correction schemes to the quantum regime. The input to a noisy system is embedded in a coded subspace, and error recovery is performed via an operation designed to perfectly correct for a set of errors, presumably a large subset of the physical noise process. In this paper, we examine the choice of recovery operation. Rather than seeking perfect correction on a subset of errors, we seek a recovery operation to maximize the entanglement fidelity for a given input state and noise model. In this way, the recovery operation is optimal for the given encoding and noise process. This optimization is shown to be calculable via a semidefinite program, a well-established form of convex optimization with efficient algorithms for its solution. The error recovery operation may also be interpreted as a combining operation following a quantum spreading channel, thus providing a quantum analogy to the classical diversity combining operation.
Synthesis and co-ordination chemistry of a novel bis(benzo crown ether) substituted calix[4]arene that can simultaneously complex cations and anions (1995)

New Calix[4]arene compounds substituted at the lower rim by four (L3) or two (L6) benzo-15-crown-5 (2,3,5,6,8,9,11,12-octahydro-1,4,7,10,13-benzopentaoxacyclopentadecine) groups respectively have been prepared. Proton NMR co-ordination studies with sodium and potassium cations in deuteriated acetonitrile revealed that L3 forms L3·5M+(M+= Na+ or K+) solution stoichiometric complexes consisting of an alkali-metal cation bound in each of the four crown ether moieties and one occupying the tetraamide lower-rim cavity. Compound L6 complexes K+, Ba2+ and NH4+ exclusively at the crown ether binding sites in a 1:1 intramolecular sandwich stoichiometric fashion. A crystal-structure determination of [KL6][I3] has been carried out. Although neither L3 nor L6 coordinates anions the potassium and ammonium complexes [ZL6]PF6(Z = K+ or NH4+) form 1:1 complexes with Cl–, NO3–, HSO4– and H2PO4–. Stability constant evaluations have shown that the strongest anion complexes are produced with H2PO4– and HSO4–.
The amino-terminal domain of rabbit secretory component is responsible for noncovalent binding to immunoglobulin A dimers. (1986)

Rabbit secretory components (SC) constitute a family of markedly heterogeneous glycoproteins which are released in the secretions as free SC or as SC bound to polymeric immunoglobulins. The aim of this work was to determine the region of the SC polypeptides which is involved in IgA binding. The high and the low Mr forms of free SC (or IgA-dissociated bound SC) and the native secretory IgA complex were subjected to limited tryptic digestion. Chemically characterized peptides ranging in apparent size from 15 to 20 kDa, depending upon the allotype, were shown to be necessary and sufficient for efficient noncovalent binding to IgA dimers (subclass g). These fragments encompass the amino-terminal first domain of SC, i.e. residues 1-126, when aligned with the predicted amino acid sequence from a cDNA clone encoding the rabbit polymeric Ig receptor (Mostov, K.E., Friedlander, M., and Blobel, G. (1984) Nature 308, 37-43). The high and the low Mr forms of SC exhibited the same relative affinity for IgA dimers, suggesting that the postulated internal deletion in the smaller polypeptide (Kühn, L. C., Kocher, H.-P., Hanly, W.C., Cook, L., Jaton, J.-C., and Kraehenbuhl, J.-P. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 6653-6659) does not impair the IgA dimer recognition function.
Induction by attribute elimination (1999)

In most data mining applications where induction is used as the primary tool for knowledge extraction from real world databases, it is difficult to precisely identify a complete set of relevant attributes. The paper introduces a novel rule induction algorithm called Rule Induction Two In One (RITIO), which eliminates attributes in the order of decreasing irrelevancy. Like ID3-like decision tree construction algorithms, RITIO makes use of the entropy measure as a means of constraining the hypothesis search space; but, unlike IDS-like algorithms, the hypotheses language is the rule structure and RITIO generates rules without constructing decision trees. The final concept description produced by RITIO is shown to be largely based on only the most relevant attributes. Experimental results confirm that, even on noisy, industrial databases, RITIO achieves high levels of predictive accuracy.
Equivalent circuit models of quantum cascade lasers for SPICE simulation of steady state and dynamic responses (2006)

The electrical equivalent circuits of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) under steady state and under an ac small-signal are developed by employing simplified rate equations for electronic transitions between two levels and the rate equation for photon numbers. Two interactive circuits represent the steady state behaviour and another two coupled circuits model the ac small-signal performance of a QCL. The equivalent circuits are then used for SPICE simulation. The steady state equivalent circuit reproduces the light current curve of QCLs. The ac equivalent circuit yields the intensity modulation response, which matches almost exactly with the curve obtained from reported numerical calculations based on a third-order system model. In addition, the ac model is employed for SPICE simulation to give values of the modulation bandwidth for different values of photon lifetime. The SPICE model gives a slightly different curve for the bandwidth against photon lifetime from the curve plotted using the approximate analytical expression.
Parallel processing architecture for micro-polygon rasterization (2013)

The shape of an object displayed on-screen is specified by a collection of triangles, or micro-polygons. Micro-polygons are defined by the (x,y,z) co-ordinates of the three vertices. Rasterization uses the vertex locations of the micropolygon to determine the co-ordinates of all the pixels covered by the micro-polygon on the display screen. A pixel is determined to be inside the micro-polygon by performing cross-product operations using the micro-polygon's three vertices. This paper uses parallel processing architecture to reduce the total time required for rasterization operation. The micro-polygon is broken down into four quadrants and each quadrant is processed in parallel. The rasterization algorithm is modified so that the cross-product multiplication operations are needed only at the start of micro-polygon with subsequent pixels in micro-polygon handled using addition operations instead. Further, the cross-product multipliers are shared among the parallel processors. These optimizations allow significant improvement in processing power.
<i>rpoB</i> -Based Identification of Nonpigmented and Late-Pigmenting Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria (2003)

Nonpigmented and late-pigmenting rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) are increasingly isolated in clinical microbiology laboratories. Their accurate identification remains problematic because classification is labor intensive work and because new taxa are not often incorporated into classification databases. Also, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis underestimates RGM diversity and does not distinguish between all taxa. We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the rpoB gene, which encodes the bacterial beta subunit of the RNA polymerase, for 20 RGM type strains. After using in-house software which analyzes and graphically represents variability stretches of 60 bp along the nucleotide sequence, our analysis focused on a 723-bp variable region exhibiting 83.9 to 97% interspecies similarity and 0 to 1.7% intraspecific divergence. Primer pair Myco-F-Myco-R was designed as a tool for both PCR amplification and sequencing of this region for molecular identification of RGM. This tool was used for identification of 63 RGM clinical isolates previously identified at the species level on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Of 63 clinical isolates, 59 (94%) exhibited <2% partial rpoB gene sequence divergence from 1 of 20 species under study and were regarded as correctly identified at the species level. Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium mucogenicum isolates were clearly distinguished from Mycobacterium chelonae; Mycobacterium mageritense isolates were clearly distinguished from "Mycobacterium houstonense." Four isolates were not identified at the species level because they exhibited >3% partial rpoB gene sequence divergence from the corresponding type strain; they belonged to three taxa related to M. mucogenicum, Mycobacterium smegmatis, and Mycobacterium porcinum. For M. abscessus and M. mucogenicum, this partial sequence yielded a high genetic heterogeneity within the clinical isolates. We conclude that molecular identification by analysis of the 723-bp rpoB sequence is a rapid and accurate tool for identification of RGM.
Factors Affecting the Volatilization of Insecticidal Residues from Soils (1961)

Laboratory and field studies showed that vapors toxic to both vinegar flies (Drosophila melanogaster Meigen) and house flies (Musca domestica L.) were given off from aldrin-, heptachlorphorate-, lindane-, heptachlorepoxide-, and dieldrin-treated soils. No evidence of volatilization was obtained from soils treated with DDT, Sevin® (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate), malathion, and parathion. An increase in the rate of aldrin volatilization from the soil resulted from increases in: Insecticide concentration in the soil; soil moisture; relative humidity of air passing over the soil; soil temperature; and rate of air movement over the surface of the soil. A decrease in the rate of aldrin volatilization was noted in dry soils containing increasing amounts of clay and organic matter, and in wet soils containing increasing amounts of organic matter. The amount of soil in a given volume (bulk density) had no effect on the rate of aldrin volatilization. In laboratory tests conducted over intervals of 5 to 7 days, it was possible to account for 90% to 96% of the aldrin initially applied to three soil types (Quartz sand, Plainfield sand and Miami silt loam). It was found that 55% to 80% of the initially applied aldrin was present as aldrin 5 to 7 days after application, while only small amounts were converted to dieldrin. From 16% to 38% of the applied aldrin volatilized from the soil. Initially, the rate of aldrin volatilization was rapid, but over longer periods of time the insecticide became "bound" to the soil and volatilization decreased 1 day after insecticidal application to a constant rate which varied with the soil type.
Infrared dielectric function of polydimethylsiloxane and selective emission behavior (2016)

The complex refractive index of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is determined in the wavelength range between 2.5 μm and 16.7 μm. The parameters of a Drude-Lorentz oscillator model (with 15 oscillators) are extracted from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reflectance measurements made on both bulk PDMS and thin films of PDMS deposited on the gold coated silicon substrates. It is shown that thin films of PDMS atop gold exhibit selective emission in the 8 μm to 13 μm atmospheric transmittance window, which demonstrates that PDMS, especially due to its ease of deposition, may be a viable material for passive radiative cooling applications.
Effect of Continuously Controlled pH on Lactic Acid Fermentation (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of Continuously Controlled pH on Lactic Acid FermentationLloyd L. Kempe, H. O. Halvorson, and Edgar L. PiretCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1950, 42, 9, 1852–1857Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50489a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50489a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Migration of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by tumor necrosis factor‐α and its possible role in wound healing (2009)

We aimed to investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the migration ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the context of wound healing. We also explored the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathways in the migration of MSCs. MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow and cultured. Immunocytochemistry, Western blotting, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to observe the effect of TNF-alpha on the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in MSCs. The chemotaxis effect of TNF-alpha on MSCs was investigated by the trans-well system and the inhibition effect of TNF-alpha using its antibody. Western blotting analysis was used to observe the activation of JAK-STAT and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways, and ERK was inhibited with PD98059 and p38 with SB203580 to observe the effect of TNF-alpha on MSC migration and ICAM-1 expression. The expression of ICAM-1 could be up-regulated by 50 microg/L TNF-alpha (p<0.05), whereas that of VCAM-1 remained unchanged (p>0.05). Also, TNF-alpha showed a chemotaxis effect by enhancing the migration ability of MSCs (p<0.05). TNF-alpha at 50 microg/L increased the expression of phospho-ERK and phospho-p38, and SB203580, but not PD98059, could suppress the chemotaxis effect and up-regulation of ICAM-1 induced by TNF-alpha in MSCs (p<0.05). Thus, TNF-alpha could up-regulate the expression of ICAM-1 in MSCs and enhance the cells' migration ability, and the p38 signaling pathway might be involved in the TNF-alpha-induced migration ability for a role in wound repair and regeneration.
Uncertainty Quantification in CO<sub>2</sub>Sequestration Using Surrogate Models from Polynomial Chaos Expansion (2012)

In this paper, surrogate models are built iteratively using polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) and detailed numerical simulations of a carbon sequestration system. Output variables from a numerical simulator are approximated as polynomial functions of uncertain parameters. Once generated, PCE representations can be used in place of the numerical simulator and often decrease simulation times by several orders of magnitude. However, PCE models are expensive to derive unless the number of terms in the expansion is moderate, which requires a relatively small number of uncertain variables and a low degree of expansion. To cope with this limitation, instead of using a classical full expansion at each step of an iterative PCE construction method, we introduce a mixed-integer programming (MIP) formulation to identify the best subset of basis terms in the expansion. This approach makes it possible to keep the number of terms small in the expansion. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is then performed by substituting the values of the uncertain parameters into the closed-form polynomial functions. On the basis of the results of MC simulation, the uncertainties of injecting CO2 underground are quantified for a saline aquifer. Moreover, based on the PCE model, we formulate an optimization problem to determine the optimal CO2 injection rate so as to maximize the gas saturation (residual trapping) during injection, and thereby minimize the chance of leakage.
Water Hammer Phenomena in Thermal Power Station Feed Water Systems (1980)

The phenomenon of water hammer in stagnant hot fluid systems has been manifested by the fracture of a number of cast iron valves and other components in power station low pressure feed water systems and other similar systems. A comprehensive investigation proved necessary into all aspects of this phenomenon. The investigation involved a survey of water hammer events, experimental work, data acquisition, pressure testing, calculation of forces and the determination of the strength of individual components. From this work has sprung a clear understanding of the sequence of events occurring when pressure is reduced on hot feed water and flash steam is produced which subsequently escapes or condenses and fluid columns recombine at speed and produce pressure pulses. Experimental and theoretical work has revealed the magnitude of such pressure pulses and also revealed that steel pressure parts will not fail when subjected to the forces arising from thermodynamically induced water hammer, because steel pipes limit transient hydraulic pressures by dilating and steel valves are sufficiently strong. The dynamic response of complex pipework system to stimulation by water hammer events requires further investigation, but practical experience indicates that failure of steel system components is unlikely from dynamic movements, although damage may be suffered by pipe hangers, seismic restraints etc.
A theory of stimulus-response compatibility applied to human-computer interaction (1985)

A GOMS theory of stimulus-response compatibility is presented and applied to remembering computer command abbreviations. Two abbreviation techniques, vowel-deletion and special-character-plus-first-letter, are compared in an encoding task. Significant differences are found in the time to type the first letter of the abbreviation, and in the time to complete the typing of the abbreviation. These differences are analyzed using the theory which produces an excellent quantitative fit to the data (r 2 = 0.97).
The human glutathione S-transferases: a case-control study of the incidence of the GST1 0 phenotype in patients with adenocarcinoma (1991)

The suggestion that individuals with the GST1 0 phenotype have a greater susceptibility to carcinogens than those with other GST1 phenotypes has been examined by using a starch gel zymogram approach to compare the frequency of this phenotype in control subjects and a group of patients with adenocarcinoma of stomach and colon. A significantly greater proportion of the patients with adenocarcinoma demonstrated the null phenotype, odds ratio analysis indicating that individuals with this polymorphic variant have an approximately 3-fold greater risk of developing these cancers.