gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE OF VARIOUS COATING SYSTEMS IN A MARINE ENVIRONMENT (1970)

Report on various coatings and their performance in test made over a 7 year period from 3/62 to 8/69, with an evaluation of the last two year period from 7/67 to 8/69. The test was conducted in salt water south of Long Island, New York, using mild steel under various degrees of exposure. The test examined varying types and degrees of surface preparation, priming, and top coating. Primers ranged from organic and inorganic zinc, through epoxy polyamide and amine, to vinyl and acrylics. Top coats included epoxy compounds and vinyls. Results are in table form with the conclusion that 1/2 to 1-1/2 mils of zinc primer is sufficient, with organic zinc being better, and that zinc does not blister as the epoxy does. A near white metal blasted surface is sufficient for most severe exposures when preparing the surface. Comparative cost analysis given, with inorganic zinc without top coat being the least expensive.
Narrow line width (85 kHz) operation in long cavity 1.5 μm-MQW DBR laser (1991)

An extremely narrow linewidth of 85 kHz operation was obtained at 10mW output power in a 2.16 mm long, 1.5 μm-MQW DBR laser. This is the narrowest linewidth ever reported in a semiconductor laser diode without an external cavity.
Using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) as small antennas (2012)

We describe the design, fabrication and characterization of simple micromechanical structures that are capable of sensing static electric time varying electromagnetic fields. Time varying electric field sensing is usually achieved using an electromagnetic antenna and a receiver. However, these antenna-based approaches do not exhibit high sensitivity over a broad frequency (or wavelength) range. An important aspect of the present work is that, in contrast to traditional antennas, the dimensions of these micromechanical oscillators can be much smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. We characterized the fabricated micromechanical oscillators by measuring their responses to time varying electric and electromagnetic fields.
Pommerman: A Multi-Agent Playground (2018)

We present Pommerman, a multi-agent environment based on the classic console game Bomberman. Pommerman consists of a set of scenarios, each having at least four players and containing both cooperative and competitive aspects. We believe that success in Pommerman will require a diverse set of tools and methods, including planning, opponent/teammate modeling, game theory, and communication, and consequently can serve well as a multi-agent benchmark. To date, we have already hosted one competition, and our next one will be featured in the NIPS 2018 competition track.
Initiating Meiosis: The Case for Retinoic Acid1 (2011)

The requirement for vitamin A in reproduction and development was first determined from studies of nutritional deficiencies. Subsequent research has shown that embryonic development and both male and female reproduction are modulated by retinoic acid (RA), the active form of vitamin A. Because RA is active in multiple developmental systems, its synthesis, transport, and degradation are tightly regulated in different tissues. A growing body of evidence implicates RA as a requirement for the initiation of meiosis in both male and female mammals, resulting in a mechanistic model involving the interplay of RA, RA synthesis enzymes, RA receptors, and degradative cytochrome P450 enzymes in this system. Recently, that model has been challenged, prompting a review of the established paradigm. While it remains possible that additional molecules may be involved in regulating entry into meiosis, the weight of evidence supporting a key role for RA is incontrovertible.
Acquisition Of Three-Dimensional Image Data By A Scanning Laser Range Finder (1989)

We describe a 3-D vision system designed and constructed at the Technical Research Centre of Finland in cooperation with the University of Oulu. The system was developed chiefly for geometric measurements of large objects. The system has been operative for about one year, and its performance has been extensively tested. The system consists of three main units: the range finder, the scanner, and the computer. The range finder is based on the direct measurement of the time-of-flight of a laser pulse. The scanner consists of two mirrors driven by moving iron galvanometers; this unit is controlled by servo amplifiers. The computer controls the scanner, transforms the measured coordinates into a Cartesian coordinate system, and serves as a user interface and postprocessing environment.
Inorganic carbon sources and biomass regulation in intensive microalgal cultures (1981)

Abstract Three freshwater and one marine algal species were grown under inorganic carbon limitation in laboratory continuous cultures. Comparisons were made between HCO 3 − alkalinity and bubbled CO 2 as carbon sources. HCO 3 − alkalinity was an excellent source of inorganic carbon below specific pH levels, but chemical precipitation at high pH placed an upper limit on productivity that was far lower than potential light‐limiting levels. With bubbled CO 2 it was possible to achieve light limitation. The main factor controlling productivity was the mass flux of inorganic carbon added to the culture, which is the product of gas flow rate and influent P level. Small bubbles were more efficient than large bubbles at low gas flow rates and P levels, but led to froth flotation of algal cells and concomitant reductions in productivity at high bubble rates. At 1% CO 2 productivity was still dependent on mass fluxes of added carbon, but was independent of bubble size. At high bubble rates with 1% CO 2 narcosis was evident. Maximum yields occurred at intermediate dilution rates when inorganic carbon was supplied via bubbled gas.
The autism-related gene SNRPN regulates cortical and spine development via controlling nuclear receptor Nr4a1 (2016)

The small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N (SNRPN) gene, encoding the RNA-associated SmN protein, duplications or deletions of which are strongly associated with neurodevelopmental disabilities. SNRPN-coding protein is highly expressed in the brain. However, the role of SNRPN protein in neural development remains largely unknown. Here we showed that the expression of SNRPN increased markedly during postnatal brain development. Overexpression or knockdown of SNRPN in cortical neurons impaired neurite outgrowth, neuron migration, and the distribution of dendritic spines. We found that SNRPN regulated the expression level of Nr4a1, a critical nuclear receptor during neural development, in cultured primary cortical neurons. The abnormal spine development caused by SNRPN overexpression could be fully rescued by Nr4a1 co-expression. Importantly, we found that either knockdown of Nr4a1 or 3, 3'- Diindolylmethane (DIM), an Nr4a1 antagonist, were able to rescue the effects of SNRPN knockdown on neurite outgrowth of embryonic cortical neurons, providing the potential therapeutic methods for SNRPN deletion disorders. We thus concluded that maintaining the proper level of SNRPN is critical in cortical neurodevelopment. Finally, Nr4a1 may serve as a potential drug target for SNRPN-related neurodevelopmental disabilities, including Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).
Highly Ordered Mesoporous Cobalt-Containing Oxides: Structure, Catalytic Properties, and Active Sites in Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide (2015)

Co3O4 with a spinel structure is a very active oxide catalyst for the oxidation of CO. In such catalysts, octahedrally coordinated Co(3+) is considered to be the active site, while tetrahedrally coordinated Co(2+) is assumed to be basically inactive. In this study, a highly ordered mesoporous CoO has been prepared by H2 reduction of nanocast Co3O4 at low temperature (250 °C). The as-prepared CoO material, which has a rock-salt structure with a single Co(2+) octahedrally coordinated by lattice oxygen in Fm3̅m symmetry, exhibited unexpectedly high activity for CO oxidation. Careful investigation of the catalytic behavior of mesoporous CoO catalyst led to the conclusion that the oxidation of surface Co(2+) to Co(3+) causes the high activity. Other mesoporous spinels (CuCo2O4, CoCr2O4, and CoFe2O4) with different Co species substituted with non/low-active metal ions were also synthesized to investigate the catalytically active site of cobalt-based catalysts. The results show that not only is the octahedrally coordinated Co(3+) highly active but also the octahedrally coordinated Co(2+) species in CoFe2O4 with an inverse spinel structure shows some activity. These results suggest that the octahedrally coordinated Co(2+) species is easily oxidized and shows high catalytic activity for CO oxidation.
Clinical Assessment of <i>Tribulus terrestris</i> Extract in the Treatment of Female Sexual Dysfunction (2014)

This is a qualitative-quantitative study based on hospital records of female patients of reproductive age, presenting sexual dysfunction, and treated with 250 mg Tribulus terrestris extract (1 tablet thrice daily for 90 days). Safety monitoring included vital signs, physical examination, laboratory tests, and occurrence of adverse events. Efficacy analysis included results of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels together with total and free testosterone, and the patient and physician assessments. There was a statistically significant improvement in total FSFI scores (P < 0.0001) post-treatment, with improvement among 106 (88.33%) subjects. There was a statistically significant (P < 0.0001) increase in the level of DHEA, while the levels of both serum testosterone (P = 0.284) and free testosterone decreased (P < 0.0001). Most adverse events recorded were related to the gastrointestinal tract. Physical examination showed no significant changes post-treatment. Based on the results, it is concluded that the T. terrestris extract is safe and effective in the treatment of female sexual dysfunction.
Color-fringe pattern profilometry using a generalized phase-shifting algorithm (2015)

In order to overcome the limitations of the sequential phase-shifting fringe pattern profilometry for dynamic measurements, a color-channel-based approach is presented. The proposed technique consists of projecting and acquiring a colored image formed by three sinusoidal phase-shifted patterns. Therefore, by using the conventional three-step phase-shifting algorithm, only one color image is required for phase retrieval each time. However, the use of colored fringe patterns leads to a major problem, the color crosstalk, which introduces phase errors when conventional phase-shifting algorithms with fixed phase-shift values are utilized to retrieve the phase. To overcome the crosstalk issue, we propose the use of a generalized phase-shifting algorithm with arbitrary phase-shift values. The simulations and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the influence of the color crosstalk.
Measurement of small electrical forces using a torsion balance and capacitive position transducer (1986)

A method for measuring the force arising from the attraction between a charged electrode and another electrode on which charges have been induced has been developed using a torsion balance operated in the ac mode far above the resonance frequency of the balance. The movement of the balance is sensed by a capacitive position transducer which uses two lock-in amplifiers to demodulate the position signal. The balance itself and the position transducer are described. The sensitivity of the position transducer is given, and results from three electrode geometries are discussed.
Effect of Pressure on Electrical Conductivity of Doped Poly (p-Phenylene Sulfide) (1984)

The electrical conduction mechanism in poly( p -phenylene sulfide) (PPS) doped with iodine (I 2 ) and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) was investigated. X-ray diffraction and fluorescence X-ray experiments revealed that the doped TCNE and I 2 exist mainly in an amorphous region and the desorption of doped I 2 becomes very active with increasing temperature. The effect of pressure on the electrical conductivity was measured to determine the conduction mechanism in doped PPS, showing that electronic conduction takes place in TCNE-doped PPS, but ionic conduction in I 2 -doped PPS. In heat-treated I 2 -doped PPS, it was observed that electronic conduction also contributes to the conductivity at higher pressures. Furthermore, an additional increase in the conductivity was observed in TCNE and I 2 double-doped PPS.
Agglutination of Helicobacter pylori coccoids by lectins. (2000)

AIM:To study the agglutination pattern of Helicobacter pylori coccoid andspiral forms.METHODS:Assays of agglutination and agglu-tination inhibition were applied using fifteen commercial lectins.RESULTS:Strong agglutination was observed with Mannose specific Concanavalin A(Con A), fucose specific Tetragonolobus purpureas(Lotus A) and N-acetyl glucosamine-specific Triticum vulgaris (WGA) lectins. Mannose and fucose specific lectins were reactive with all strains of H. pylori coccoids as compared to the spirals. Specific carbohydrates, glyco-proteins and mucin were shown to inhibit H. pylori lectin agglutination reactions.Pre-treatment of the bacterial cells with formalin and sulphuric acid did not alter the agglutination patterns with lectins. However, sodium periodate treatment of bacterial cells were shown to inhibit agglutination reaction with Con A, Lotus A and WGA lectins. On the contrary, enzymatic treatment of coccoids and spirals did not show marked inhibition of H. pylori-lectin agglutination. Interes-tingly, heating of H. pylori cells at 60° for 1 hour was shown to augment the agglutination with all of the lectins tested.CONCLUSION:The consi-derable differences in lectin agglutination patterns seen among the two different-tiated forms of H. pylori might be attributable to the structural changes during the events of morphological trans-formation, resulting in exposing or masking some of the sugar residues on the cell surface. Possibility of various sugar residues on the cell wall of the coccoids may allow them to bind to different carbohydrate receptors on gastric mucus and epithelial cells. The coccoids with adherence characteristics like the spirals could aid in the pathogenic process of Helicobacter infection. This may probably lead to different clinical outcome of H. pylori associated gastro-duodenal disease.
Vehicle Automation System Based on Multi-Sensor Integration (1998)

this technical presentation. The technical presentation does not necessarily reflect the official position of ASAE, and its printing and distribution does not constitute an endorsement of views which may be expressed. Technical presentations are not subject to the formal peer review process by ASAE editorial committees; therefore, they are not to be presented as refereed publications. Quotation from this work should state that it is from a presentation made by (name of author) at the (listed) ASAE meeting. EXAMPLE --- From Author&apos;s Last Name, Initials. &quot;Title of Presentation.&quot; Presented at the Date and Title of meeting, Paper No X. ASAE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, MI 49085-9659 USA. For information about securing permission to reprint or reproduce a technical presentation, please address inquiries to ASAE. ASAE, 2950 Niles Rd., St. Joseph, MI 49085-9659 USA Voice: 616.429.0300 FAX: 616.429.3852 E-Mail:&lt;hq@asae.org&gt; 2
Urease-producing species of intestinal anaerobes and their activities (1979)

Urease activities of anaerobic bacteria that constituted predominant gut flora were examined. It was demonstrated that some strains of Eubacterium aerofaciens, E. lentum, and Peptostreptococcus products produced urease. They were the most numerous species in human feces. All strains of Bifidobacterium infantis and some strains of Bacteroides multiacidus, B. bifidum, Clostridium symbiosum, Fusobacterium necrophorum, F. varium, Lactobacillus fermentum, Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, and P. prevotii produced urease. The optimum pH of the Lactobacillus urease was found to be 4.0, whereas the pH value of B. multiacidus urease was 8.0.
New neuroretinal rim blood flow evaluation method combining Heidelberg retina flowmetry and tomography (2001)

Method 3 provides an accurate and reproducible flow measurement of the neuroretinal rim area through proper sensitivity for the weak rim signal, alignment, and removal of the strong temporal signal from the image. This new method is recommended to improve accuracy of blood flow measurement in the neuroretinal rim.
Implementing of a precision fast thermoelectric cooler controller using a personal computer parallel port connection and ADN8830 controller (2003)

A complete design of a compact precision and fast thermoelectric cooler (TEC) controller with a parallel port connection to a personal computer (PC), using a pulse width modulation technique by a dedicated smart driver, and digital control designed using very high-speed integrated circuit hardware description language is presented. The design allows replacement of the PC with an “on board” embedded microcontroller. This circuit is demonstrated as a TEC controller for a high-speed electro-optical modulator.
Synthese von (−)(1<i>S</i>, 7<i>S</i>)‐<i>exo</i>‐Brevicomin aus (+)‐(2<i>R</i>, 3<i>R</i>)‐Weinsäure‐diethylester (1977)

Abstract Der Sexuallockstoff 4 des Borkenkäfers Dendroctonus brevicomis wird in guter Ausbeute in optisch aktiver Form ausgehend von (+)‐(2 R , 3 R )‐Weinsäure‐diethylester über die Kupplung des Dithianderivates 5c mit dem optisch aktiven Bromid 2d synthetisiert.
Guest Editor's Introduction: Cybersecurity in a Falling Economy (2009)

As organizations suffer through a declining economy, many will be forced to make security cutbacks they wouldn't ordinarily consider to be acceptable. IT leaders and managers making security cuts must ensure that their cyberdefense continues to meet organizational obligations to protect enterprise cyberspace and corporate assets. This special issue looks at the various trade-offs involved.
Correcting real-word spelling errors by restoring lexical cohesion (2005)

Spelling errors that happen to result in a real word in the lexicon cannot be detected by a conventional spelling checker. We present a method for detecting and correcting many such errors by identifying tokens that are semantically unrelated to their context and are spelling variations of words that would be related to the context. Relatedness to context is determined by a measure of semantic distance initially proposed by Jiang and Conrath (1997). We tested the method on an artificial corpus of errors; it achieved recall of 23–50% and precision of 18–25%.
Una propuesta de sistematización para el PIT, en el Centro Universitario de Ciencias Económico Administrativas (CUCEA) de la Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG) (2008)

CCHS variables are moderately spatially autocorrelated, making kriging a valid method for predicting values at unsampled locations. The derived variables are reliable but somewhat smoother, with smaller variations than the real values. As potential neighbourhood exposures in spatial statistical modeling, these variables are more suitable to be used for exploring potential associations than for testing the significance of these associations, especially for associations that are barely significant. Given the spatial dependency of current health-related risks, the developed procedures are expected to be useful for other similar health surveys to obtain small area level indicators.
Leuco-anthocyanins. 1. Detection and identification of anthocyanidins formed from leuco-anthocyanins in plant tissues (1954)

Research Article| September 01 1954 Leuco-anthocyanins. 1. Detection and identification of anthocyanidins formed from leuco-anthocyanins in plant tissues E. C. Bate-Smith E. C. Bate-Smith 1Low Temperature Station for Research in Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cambridge, and Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1954) 58 (1): 122–125. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0580122 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation E. C. Bate-Smith; Leuco-anthocyanins. 1. Detection and identification of anthocyanidins formed from leuco-anthocyanins in plant tissues. Biochem J 1 September 1954; 58 (1): 122–125. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0580122 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1954 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1954 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Cubic Phase GaN on Nano‐grooved Si (100) via Maskless Selective Area Epitaxy (2014)

A method of forming cubic phase (zinc blende) GaN (referred as c‐GaN) on a CMOS‐compatible on‐axis Si (100) substrate is reported. Conventional GaN materials are hexagonal phase (wurtzite) (referred as h‐GaN) and possess very high polarization fields (∼MV/cm) along the common growth direction of <0001>. Such large polarization fields lead to undesired shifts (e.g., wavelength and current) in the performance of photonic and vertical transport electronic devices. The cubic phase of GaN materials is polarization‐free along the common growth direction of <001>, however, this phase is thermodynamically unstable, requiring low‐temperature deposition conditions and unconventional substrates (e.g., GaAs). Here, novel nano‐groove patterning and maskless selective area epitaxy processes are employed to integrate thermodynamically stable, stress‐free, and low‐defectivity c‐GaN on CMOS‐compatible on‐axis Si. These results suggest that epitaxial growth conditions and nano‐groove pattern parameters are critical to obtain such high quality c‐GaN. InGaN/GaN multi‐quantum‐well structures grown on c‐GaN/Si (100) show strong room temperature luminescence in the visible spectrum, promising visible emitter applications for this technology.
Thermoplastic Elastomers Bring New Vigor to Rubber Industry (1992)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTThermoplastic Elastomers Bring New Vigor to Rubber IndustryMARC S. REISCHView Author Information C&EN Northeast News BureauCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1992, 70, 18, 29–44Publication Date (Print):May 4, 1992Publication History Published online10 November 2010Published inissue 4 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v070n018.p029https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v070n018.p029newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1992 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views15Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Industrial manufacturing,Plastics Get e-Alerts