gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High performance eventually consistent distributed database Zatara (2010)

With the proliferation of the computer cloud, new software delivery methods have been created. In order to build software to fit into one of these models, a scalable, easy to deploy storage tier is required. Distributed, non-SQL databases use multiple techniques to distribute information, guarantee data consistency and growth. Unfortunately, most developments were designed with a single class of applications in mind, which means that they bring many constraints for developers. Our approach involves a plug-in-able distributed database engine that abstracts interfaces with clients and data structures stored. The prototype, called Zatara, is tested on an Amazon EC2 infrastructure with 196 nodes. In this environment it is able to deliver more than 20 million transactions per second, scaling almost linearly with the number of nodes. From the performance point of view, these results demonstrate our initial assumptions that it is not necessary to expose a particular data structure in order for the database to scale. From the software developers' point of view, this approach simplifies migrations from SQL databases.
Modeling and analysis of core losses of an IPM machine for online estimation purposes (2015)

Online estimation of losses is important to improve control, operation and monitoring of electrical machines. This paper focuses on investigation of iron losses using a magnetic circuit model for its accuracy and adaptability to online estimation purposes. A customized magnetic circuit of an IPM machine is proposed that captures slotting, non linearity, cross saturation and localized effect of flux bridges. A technique is presented to compute the alternating stator and rotor flux from the static magnetic circuit. The required computations are reduced introducing pseudo mmf sources that avoid solving magnetic circuit at several rotational steps. The stator and rotor core losses are found corresponding to each harmonic component of alternating flux density. The results are validated with Finite Element analysis with good correlation.
Optimizing hypervideo navigation using a Markov decision process approach (2002)

Interaction with hypermedia documents is a required feature for new sophisticated yet flexible multimedia applications. This paper presents an innovative adaptive technique to stream hypervideo that takes into account user behaviour. The objective is to optimize hypervideo prefetching in order to reduce the latency caused by the network. This technique is based on a model provided by a Markov Decision Process approach. The problem is solved using two methods: classical stochastic dynamic programming algorithms and reinforcement learning. Experimental results under stochastic network conditions are very promising.
Localization of technetium-99m-glucarate in zones of acute cerebral injury. (1991)

The potential structural similarity of technetium-99m-labeled glucaric acid (99mTc-glucarate) to that of fructose suggests that this agent may enter cells by a sugar transport system. Studies with LLC-PK1 cells demonstrated inhibition of 99mTc-glucarate uptake by fructose, confirming this potential relationship. Since anaerobic metabolism can use either glucose or fructose, we hypothesized that 99mTc-glucarate may concentrate in areas of acute ischemic injury. To test this hypothesis, 63 adult rats with middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion followed by reperfusion were injected with 99mTc-glucarate and in vivo and ex vivo images were acquired. Seven animals were also studied with 18FDG and high resolution PET imaging. The radionuclide images were compared to the results of triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and conventional histopathology. Thirty-five rats had significant accumulation of 99mTc-glucarate and no TTC staining (indicating infarction) in the involved hemisphere. Of the remaining 28 rats with TTC staining (suggesting viability) of the involved hemisphere, 16 (57%) had 99mTc-glucarate accumulation. In the seven rats that were studied with both 99mTc-glucarate and 18FDG, 99mTc-glucarate accumulated at the center of the occluded MCA territory while 18FDG activity was decreased in this region. These results suggest that 99mTc-glucarate is a sensitive marker of acute severe cerebral injury, but its mechanism of localization is probably different from that of 18FDG.
A compact planar near field resonant parasitic (NFRP) antenna for MIMO applications (2011)

A planar near field resonant parasitic (NFRP) antenna for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) applications in the WLAN 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz frequency bands is presented. The NFRP antenna can create tri-band functions by incorporating three different parasitic elements. Nearly complete impedance matching to a 50 Ω source is shown at the desired resonant frequencies. Additionally, NFRP antenna array configurations show good isolation between the radiating elements even with small spacing between them. Calculated envelope correlation values are less than 0.12 within the bands of interest. A detailed design methodology is described.
Scanning the issue (1974)

Provides an overview of the technical articles and features presented in this issue.
Column-chromatographic analysis of naturally fluorescing compounds. 3. Rapid analysis of serotonin and tryptamine. (1974)

A previously described [ Clin. Chem. 18, 778 (1972)] chromatographic separation and fluorimetric detection system has been adapted to the determination of serotonin and tryptamine. A strong cation-exchange resin, Aminex A-6, is used. At a column temperature of 60 °C, serotonin and tryptamine are eluted in 0.5 and 1.0 h, respectively, with an ammonium acetate-acetic acid buffer solution (6 mol of acetate per liter). The sensitivity of the detector allows reliable quantitation of 100 ng of each amine in the sample loaded onto the column.
Factoring Differences for Iterative Change Management (2006)

An approach for factoring source-code differences is presented. A single large difference between two versions of a program is decomposed into factors (i.e., smaller changes). The application of all the factors is equivalent to the application of the single large difference. The factors are obtained by user-defined criteria. They include changes that are limited to a specific syntactic construct or ones that occur throughout a file. The factors can be applied individually or in combination to generate intermediate forms of the large change. This directly supports iterative software change management by decomposing large changes into smaller factors. The approach uses srcDiff, an XML representation of multiple versions of a source-code file and their differences. XML transformations are used to factor a change according to an XPath expression. The approach is applied to changes made to a large opensource system. The results indicate the approach is flexible and efficient, and can be integrated with common differencing tools.
Synthesis and Bioactivity of Coumarin-6-sulfonylureas (2002)

AIM The purpose is to search for new antidiabetic drugs. METHODS Sulfonylurea functional groups were introduced into the structure of coumarin, and the hypoglycemic activity of the target compounds was measured. RESULTS and CONCLUSION A series of coumarin 6 sulfonylureas(SU 1~21) were synthesized. Their structures were unreported and identified by IR, 1HNMR and MS spectra. The pharmacological study showed that SU 1,SU 8,SU 11,SU 12,SU 13 exhibited evident hypoglycemic activities ( P 0.01) at the dose of 50 \{mg/kg.\}
Mode-selective Photonic Lanterns from Multicore Fibres (2017)

We report mode-selective photonic lanterns made from multicore fibres with several dissimilar cores. Six-mode and ten-mode multiplexers are demonstrated. Such designs potentially offer the maximum possible number of multiplexed modes in mode-selective photonic lanterns.
Audio codec identification through payload sampling (2011)

W0065 present a new method for audio codec identification that does not require decoding of coded audio data. The method utilizes randomness and chaotic characteristics of coded audio to build statistical models that represent encoding process associated with different codecs. The method is simple, as it does not assume knowledge on encoding structure of a codec. It is also fast, since it operates on a block of data, which is as small as a few kilobytes, selected randomly from the coded audio. Tests are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the technique in identification of the codec used in encoding on both singly coded and transcoded audio samples
RF-MEMS Tunable Capacitor With 3 V Operation Using Folded Beam Piezoelectric Bimorph Actuator (2006)

Tunable capacitors with high tuning range and high Q-factors are indispensable for realizing reconfigurable radio-frequency (RF) circuits for multiband/multimode next-generation mobile wireless communication terminals. A novel RF microelectromechanical systems tunable capacitor having a piezoelectric bimorph actuator has been developed using a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible surface micromachining process. Folded beam piezoelectric actuators were introduced to cancel curling of the actuator beam due to residual stress. The continuous wide tuning ratio of three was realized at an operation voltage of less than 3 V for the first time
Modified Taxols, 9. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 7-Substituted Photoaffinity Analogues of Taxol (1993)

The 7-substituted taxol analogues 7, 19, 27, and 32 have been prepared as potential photoaffinity-labeled derivatives for studies of the nature of the binding site of taxol on polymerized tubulin. The analogue 32 has been prepared in both deuterium- and tritium-labeled versions. Tubulin-assembly studies were carried out with these compounds, and it was found that they showed some but not all of the properties of taxol. We conclude that these specific taxol analogues labeled at the 7 position are not ideal derivatives for photoaffinity labeling studies.
Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shifts:  A Simple and Efficient Aromaticity Probe (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNucleus-Independent Chemical Shifts: A Simple and Efficient Aromaticity ProbePaul von Ragué Schleyer*, Christoph Maerker, Alk Dransfeld, Haijun Jiao, and Nicolaas J. R. van Eikema HommesView Author Information Computer Chemistry Center, Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Henkestrasse 42, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany In papers with more than one author, the asterisk indicates the name of the author to whom inquiries about the paper should be addressed.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 26, 6317–6318Publication Date (Web):July 3, 1996Publication History Received22 February 1996Revised29 April 1996Published online3 July 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja960582dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja960582drapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views22313Altmetric-Citations5277LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Aromaticity,Carbon nanomaterials,Hydrocarbons,Nanospheres Get e-Alerts
Predictive client-side profiles for personalized advertising (2011)

Personalization is ubiquitous in modern online applications as it provides significant improvements in user experience by adapting it to inferred user preferences. However, there are increasing concerns related to issues of privacy and control of the user data that is aggregated by online systems to power personalized experiences. These concerns are particularly significant for user profile aggregation in online advertising. This paper describes a practical, learning-driven client-side personalization approach for keyword advertising platforms, an emerging application previously not addressed in literature. Our approach relies on storing user-specific information entirely within the user's control (in a browser cookie or browser local storage), thus allowing the user to view, edit or purge it at any time (e.g., via a dedicated webpage). We develop a principled, utility-based formulation for the problem of iteratively updating user profiles stored client-side, which relies on calibrated prediction of future user activity. While optimal profile construction is NP-hard for pay-per-click advertising with bid increments, it can be efficiently solved via a greedy approximation algorithm guaranteed to provide a near-optimal solution due to the fact that keyword profile utility is submodular: it exhibits the property of diminishing returns with increasing profile size.
Ultrafast switching of ferroelastic nanodomains in bilayered ferroelectric thin films (2011)

The dynamic switching of ferroelastic nanodomains in ferroelectric PbZr0.3Ti0.7O3/PbZr0.7Ti0.3O3 bilayers was investigated. Synchrotron microdiffraction using a high-speed pulse generator reveals that electric field pulses as short as 200 ns can switch the ferroelastic domain. Multiples of random distribution analysis of the field-induced changes in diffraction peak intensities finds a dynamic strain change from 0.2 to 1% with increasing the pulse width. Raman spectroscopy shows considerable decreases in A1(1TO) soft mode intensity after applications of short pulses, confirming the ferroelastic switching. The results demonstrate that ferroelastic domains can indeed move at time scales of the order of hundreds of nanoseconds.
Supramolecular chemistry of anions (1997)

Physical Factors in Anion Separations (B. Moyer & P. Bonnesen). Historical View on the Development of Anion Coordination Chemistry (B. Dietrich & M. Hosseini). Natural Anion Receptors: Anion Recognition by Proteins (S. Mangani & M. Ferraroni). Artificial Anion Hosts: Concepts for Structure and Guest Binding (F. Schmidtchen). Structural and Topological Aspects of Anion Coordination (J. Atwood & J. Steed). Thermodynamics of Anion Complexation (A. Bianchi & E. Garcia-Espana). Electrochemical Aspects of Anion Chemistry (A. Carbo). Photochemistry and Photophysics of Supramolecular Systems Containing Anions (L. Moggi & M. Manfrin). Anion Binding Receptors: Theoretical Studies (J. Wiorkiewicz-Kuczera & K. Bowman-James). Application Aspects Involving the Supramolecular Chemistry of Anions (J. Sessler, et al.). Supramolecular Catalysis of Phosphoryl Anion Transfer Processes (M. Hasseini). Index.
Hyperhidrosis: Management Options. (2018)

Hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating that affects patients' quality of life, resulting in social and work impairment and emotional distress. Primary hyperhidrosis is bilaterally symmetric, focal, excessive sweating of the axillae, palms, soles, or craniofacial region not caused by other underlying conditions. Secondary hyperhidrosis may be focal or generalized, and is caused by an underlying medical condition or medication use. The Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale is a validated survey used to grade the tolerability of sweating and its impact on quality of life. The score can be used to guide treatment. Topical aluminum chloride solution is the initial treatment in most cases of primary focal hyperhidrosis. Topical glycopyrrolate is first-line treatment for craniofacial sweating. Botulinum toxin injection (onabotulinumtoxinA) is considered first- or second-line treatment for axillary, palmar, plantar, or craniofacial hyperhidrosis. Iontophoresis should be considered for treating hyperhidrosis of the palms and soles. Oral anticholinergics are useful adjuncts in severe cases of hyperhidrosis when other treatments fail. Local microwave therapy is a newer treatment option for axillary hyperhidrosis. Local surgery and endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy should be considered in severe cases of hyperhidrosis that have not responded to topical or medical therapies.
Malignant Catatonia and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in Relation to Disulfiram Overdose (2016)

Disulfiram is a widely used drug in the management of alcohol dependence syndrome as an aversive agent. Although a drug of high efficacy, it has a large number of side effects. Disulfiram-induced catatonia is a known rare side effect of the drug and herein we report a case of what appeared to be the sequential development of malignant catatonia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a patient with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence syndrome and co-morbid paranoid schizophrenia following disulfiram overdose. Clinicians need to be vigilant on the emergence of such rare side effects.
The role of parkin in familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (2010)

Mutations in parkin are the second most common known cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkin is an ubiquitin E3 ligase that monoubiquitinates and polyubiquitinates proteins to regulate a variety of cellular processes. Loss of parkin's E3 ligase activity is thought to play a pathogenic role in both inherited and sporadic PD. Here, we review parkin biology and pathobiology and its role in the pathogenesis of PD.
Biological membranes (2015)

Biological membranes allow life as we know it to exist. They form cells and enable separation between the inside and outside of an organism, controlling by means of their selective permeability which substances enter and leave. By allowing gradients of ions to be created across them, membranes also enable living organisms to generate energy. In addition, they control the flow of messages between cells by sending, receiving and processing information in the form of chemical and electrical signals. This essay summarizes the structure and function of membranes and the proteins within them, and describes their role in trafficking and transport, and their involvement in health and disease. Techniques for studying membranes are also discussed.
A Comparative Study on Translators’ Styles in Literary Translation (2013)

This paper mainly discusses different translation styles of three translators. Treasure Island is the most popular production of Robert Louis Stevenson which attracts readers throughout the world for its creative and fascinating plot. In China, there are Chinese versions by many translators including Xi Shizi, Xin Ruo and Rong Rude. This paper extracts Chapter Thirteen from the work and compares the translation styles of the three translators with living examples. These comparisons are made from three aspects: translation of words, phrases and sentences.
RetroSkeleton (2013)

An obvious asset of the Android platform is the tremendous number and variety of available apps. There is a less obvious, but potentially even more important, benefit to the fact that nearly all apps are developed using a common platform. We can leverage the relatively uniform nature of Android apps to allow users to tweak applications for improved security, usability, and functionality with relative ease (compared to desktop applications). We design and implement an Android app rewriting framework for customizing behavior of existing applications without requiring source code or app-specific guidance. Following app-agnostic transformation policies, our system rewrites applications to insert, remove, or modify behavior. The rewritten application can run on any unmodified Android device, without requiring rooting or other custom software. This paper describes RetroSkeleton, our app rewriting framework, including static and dynamic interception of method invocations, and creating policies that integrate with each target app. We show that our system is capable of supporting a variety of useful policies, including providing flexible fine-grained network access control, building HTTPS-Everywhere functionality into apps, implementing automatic app localization, informing users of hidden behavior in apps, and updating apps depending on outdated APIs. We evaluate these policies by rewriting and testing more than one thousand real-world apps from Google Play.
Types of Claim (2016)

This chapter examines the more common types of claim and discusses how they may be applicable to a simple event on a typical project – claims for variations; claims for extensions of time; claims for additional payment due to prolongation; acceleration and disruption claims; claims for damages under law. The requirement to submit notices of claims and interim and final claims are also discussed as are the requirements for good contract administration and project records. Dispute adjudication boards and the like are also introduced here.
Optimal reduced-rank estimation and filtering (2001)

This paper provides a unified view of, and a further insight into, a class of optimal reduced-rank estimators and filters. An alternating power (AP) method for computing the optimal reduced-rank estimators and filters is derived and analyzed. The AP method is a generalization of the conventional power method for subspace computation, which is shown to be globally and exponentially convergent under weak conditions. When the rank reduction is relatively large, the AP method is computationally more efficient than the conventional methods. The AP method is useful for adaptive computation of the canonical components of a desired reduced-rank estimate, which in turn facilitates the detection of a time-varying rank. The study shown in this paper is particularly useful for applications that involve a large number of sources and a large number of receivers, where rank reduction is either inherent in the multivariate system or required to reduce the model complexity and/or the computational load.
Changes in membrane lipid composition in ethanol- and acid-adapted Oenococcus oeni cells: characterization of the cfa gene by heterologous complementation (2008)

Cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) synthesis was investigated in Oenococcus oeni. The data obtained demonstrated that acid-grown cells or cells harvested in the stationary growth phase showed changes in fatty acid composition similar to those of ethanol-grown cells. An increase of the CFA content and a decrease of the oleic acid content were observed. The biosynthesis of CFAs from unsaturated fatty acid phospholipids is catalysed by CFA synthases. Quantitative real-time-PCR experiments were performed on the cfa gene of O. oeni, which encodes a putative CFA synthase. The level of cfa transcripts increased when cells were harvested in stationary phase and when cells were grown in the presence of ethanol or at low pH, suggesting transcriptional regulation of the cfa gene under different stress conditions. In contrast to Escherichia coli, only one functional promoter was identified upstream of the cfa gene of O. oeni. The function of the cfa gene was confirmed by complementation of a cfa-deficient E. coli strain. Nevertheless, the complementation remained partial because the conversion percentage of unsaturated fatty acids into CFA of the complemented strain was much lower than that of the wild-type strain. Moreover, a prevalence of cycC19 : 0 was observed in the membrane of the complemented strain. This could be due to a specific affinity of the CFA synthase from O. oeni. In spite of this partial complementation, the complemented strain of E. coli totally recovered its viability after ethanol shock (10 %, v/v) whereas its viability was only partly recovered after an acid shock at pH 3.0.