gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An efficient digital sliding controller for adaptive power-supply regulation (2002)

Proposes a digital controller for adaptive power-supply regulation that uses sliding control, which is a widely used technique in switching power supplies for its fast transient response and robust stability. A novel reformulation of the sliding control law enables a simple and power-efficient digital implementation. The reference circuit can be either a delay line or a ring oscillator, and the sensor circuits for both cases are discussed. The prototype chip fabricated in 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology demonstrates a power efficiency of 89% - 95 % over the regulated voltage range of 1.1 - 2.3 V.
Continuous low‐dose oestrogen and progestogen hormone replacement therapy: a randomised trial (1993)

These low-dose continuous oestrogen and progestogen regimens appear an appropriate option for the postmenopausal woman wishing to eliminate withdrawal bleeding and reduce both hormonal side effects and menopausal symptoms. The long term benefits of these regimens with regard to the prevention of osteoporotic fractures, cardiovascular disease and endometrial cancer need to be further assessed over time.
Towards Realization of an Atomic de Broglie Microscope: Helium Atom Focusing Using Fresnel Zone Plates (1999)

A neutral, ground-state, ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ atom beam has been focused using Fresnel zone plates. At only moderate demagnification $(0.40\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{})$, a focused spot diameter of $\ensuremath{\le}2.0\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ is achieved at a signal intensity of 500 counts/s. This is an improvement over previous work by a factor of 10 in resolution, ${10}^{3}$ in signal intensity, and ${10}^{8}$ in focused beam density, and allows the full intrinsic intensity profile of a focused atomic Fresnel spot to be measured for the first time. Raster scans of 15 and $25\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ wide slits across the focused spot demonstrate transmission scanning helium de Broglie microscopy of micron resolution.
Phage Selection of Bicyclic Peptide Ligands and Development of a New Peptide Cyclisation Method (2012)

Bicyclic peptides binding to targets of interest can be isolated from combinatorial libraries using a phage display-based approach. In a first project of this thesis, we aimed at generating bicyclic peptide inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of proteases that share high structural similarities and have been difficult to target in a specific manner. From phage-encoded combinatorial libraries, we isolated a bicyclic peptide that inhibits specifically the gelatinase MMP-2 with a Ki of 2 μM. This inhibitor was less potent than the best peptidic MMP-2 inhibitor, the linear APP-derived inhibitory peptide (Ki = 13 nM). However, due to its conformational constraint, the bicyclic peptide is expected to be significantly more stable and hence more suitable for applications in biological systems. It may be used as a research tool alternatively to the broadly applied monocyclic peptide MMP-2 inhibitor CTT which is less potent (Ki of 142 μM). If affinity matured, the bicyclic peptide MMP-2 inhibitor might even be developed into an anti-cancer therapeutic. In a second project, bicyclic peptide binders to the centriolar protein SAS-6 were generated. SAS-6 plays an important structural role in centrioles and bicyclic peptide binders are currently applied in cellular assays by the laboratory of Professor Pierre Gönczy (EPFL) to study the process of centriole formation. In a third project of this thesis, we established an enzymatic method to selectively cyclise peptides with unprotected side chains using a transglutaminase (TGase). TGases catalyse the formation of stable amide bonds between the side chains of glutamine and primary amines. They have been used extensively in biotechnological applications to cross-link peptides and proteins or to attach labels to proteins. We found that the microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) of Streptomyces mobaraensis can cyclise quantitatively peptides with an N- terminal glutamine-donor sequence and a C-terminal lysine residue in an intramolecular reaction. Experiments with minimised glutamine-donor substrates revealed that peptides with only an Ala-Leu dipeptide N-terminal to the glutamine and a randomly chosen peptide between the glutamine and lysine residues are efficiently cyclised. By combining the MTGase-based cyclisation strategy with a chemical thiol-based cyclisation reaction, we were able to generate tricyclic peptide structures. It remains to be tested if this method can be applied to cyclise combinatorial peptide libraries on the surface of phage. In a fourth and last project, we developed a method to follow qualitatively and quantitatively chemical or enzymatic modifications applied to peptides displayed on phage. In this method, peptides on phage were chemically modified, cleaved off by a protease, purified, concentrated and analysed by mass spectrometry. The method will help to assess new reactions applied to phage peptides such as the MTGase-based enzymatic cyclisation reaction.
A prototype pathogen boundex vivo to human erythrocyte complement receptor 1 via bispecific monoclonal antibody complexes is cleared to the liver in a mouse model (1999)

Immune complexes (IC) bound to the primate erythrocyte (E) complement receptor (CR1) are cleared from the circulation of primates and localized to the liver. IC can be bound to E CR1 either via C3b opsonization or with cross-linked mAb complexes (heteropolymers, HP) which contain an mAb specific for CR1 and a mAb specific for a prototype pathogen. The long-term goal of our work is to apply the HP to the treatment of human diseases associated with blood-borne pathogens. Therefore we have investigated the feasibility of a non-primate model by studying clearance in mice of bacteriophage phiX174 bound via HP to primate E. E-HP-phiX174 complexes were prepared in vitro and infused into the circulation of mice under conditions allowing short term survival of E in the circulation. By radioimmunoassays and flow cytometry, we found that phiX174 is removed from E and cleared from the circulation coincident with loss of HP and CR1, and that the majority of cleared phiX174 is localized to the liver. Through the use of HP constructed with Fab' fragments, we verified the requirement for the Fc portion of the mAb in clearance; inhibition of C3 activation delayed clearance, suggesting a role for complement. The present findings in the mouse confirm previous observations in the non-human primate model.
Complete nucleotide sequence of Newcastle disease virus: evidence for the existence of a new genus within the subfamily Paramyxovirinae. (1999)

We have completely sequenced the genome of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine strain LaSota. The sequences of the 3'- and 5'-terminal ends of the RNA genome were determined by sequencing cDNA fragments generated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The entire genomic sequence, which was established by sequencing cDNA fragments generated by high-fidelity RT-PCR, consists of 15186 nt. Comparison of the 5'-terminal sequence of NDV LaSota with the 5'-terminal sequences of ten members of the Paramyxovirinae showed that NDV LaSota has an unusually long 5' untranscribed region. Comparison of the entire genomic sequences showed that NDV is only distantly related to the other members of the genus Rubulavirus, to which NDV has been assigned. In this paper we present data which suggest that NDV should not be classified in the genus Rubulavirus, but instead should be considered as a member of a new genus within the subfamily Paramyxovirinae.
257. Perturbation of singlet–triplet transitions of aromatic molecules by oxygen under pressure (1957)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Protein and lipid composition of Colias philodice and C. eurytheme spermatophores and their changes over time (Pieridae) (1985)

During copulation male Colias philodice and C. eurytheme accessory gland secretions fill the appendix bursa and form a spermatophore in the female's bursa copulatrix. These secretions represent 6=7 percent of male body mass. Protein represents 10 and 23 percent of the dry mass of spermatophores and appendix bursa contents respectively. Total lipid in spermatophores was nearly equal to protein content. Hydrocarbons, nonhydrocarbons, and phospholipids represent 47, 41, and 12 percent, respectively, of total lipid. Hydrocarbons were composed of 25 components ranging from 19 to 38 carbon atoms. Ninety-three percent of total hydrocarbons were n-alkanes. Nearly equal amounts of cholesterol, diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, and free fatty acids accounted for the nonhydrocarbon fraction.
AdaptiveScan: The Fast Layer-2 Handoff for WLAN (2011)

Recently, handoff is a critical issue for stations in IEEE 802.11-based wireless networks. In order to provide VoIP (Voice over IP) and real-time streaming applications for stations, handoff mechanism must be provided for reducing latency and seamless communication. However, the IEEE802.11 standards handoff is not appropriate to supply their QoS, because it is based on a full-scanning approach. Full-scanning spends too much time searching Access Point (AP). Therefore, the various pre-scan handoff protocols such as Sync Scan and Deuce Scan have been proposed. They perform scanning to find nearby APs before station is out of contact with AP, but they have much overhead for pre-scanning. Our handoff mechanism reduces the delay and overhead associated with link layer handoff by periodically scanning the channel groups. We prove that our per-scanning mechanism supports a faster handoff and has a lower overhead compared to the conventional schemes.
Passive mixing in micro-channels with geometric variations through µPIV and µLIF measurements (2008)

Five passive micro-mixers were designed, fabricated and tested, and were compared to that of the conventional T-shaped channel in order to examine the mixing performance by increasing the lateral convection/or related mixing mechanisms. Electro-osmotic pumping was used to generate fluid velocities in the creeping flow regime (Re 1) in order to achieve the mixing enhancement by chaotic advection. Iodine dye (qualitative) and rhodamine B (quantitative) mixing experiments were visualized and measured through conventional microscopes and with µLIF techniques. µPIV measurements were used for 2D velocity vectors and stretching calculations. Steady-state results show that the alternating wavy-regime (chaotic mixers) micro-channels and inline aligned elements (which alter the flow direction laterally) in micro-channels can induce stirring and improve the mixing significantly even at extremely low Reynolds numbers.
Inkjet Printing of Epidermal RFID Antennas by Self-Sintering Conductive Ink (2017)

The recently introduced inkjet printing technology with ambient sintering is here investigated for the fabrication of epidermal antennas suitable for radio-frequency identification (RFID) and sensing. The attractive feature of this manufacturing process is the possibility to use low-cost printers without any high-temperature curing. In spite of the estimated maximum achievable conductivity of the ink (σ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">UHF</sub> = 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> S/m) in the UHF-RFID band that is two orders of magnitude lower than that of the bulk copper, a threefold printing process provides the same on-skin radiating performance as manufacturing technologies using bulk conductors. Experiments demonstrate that the epidermal antennas printed on the PET substrate are insensitive to moderate mechanical stress, like the natural bending occurring over the human body, and to the possible exposure to body fluids (e.g., sweat). Moreover, the electromagnetic response remains stable over the time when the printed layouts are coated with biocompatible membranes.
Focused ion beam micromachining of eukaryotic cells for cryoelectron tomography (2012)

Cryoelectron tomography provides unprecedented insights into the macromolecular and supramolecular organization of cells in a close-to-living state. However because of the limited thickness range (< 0.5-1 μm) that is accessible with today's intermediate voltage electron microscopes only small prokaryotic cells or peripheral regions of eukaryotic cells can be examined directly. Key to overcoming this limitation is the ability to prepare sufficiently thin samples. Cryosectioning can be used to prepare thin enough sections but suffers from severe artefacts, such as substantial compression. Here we describe a procedure, based upon focused ion beam (FIB) milling for the preparation of thin (200-500 nm) lamellae from vitrified cells grown on electron microscopy (EM) grids. The self-supporting lamellae are apparently free of distortions or other artefacts and open up large windows into the cell's interior allowing tomographic studies to be performed on any chosen part of the cell. We illustrate the quality of sample preservation with a structure of the nuclear pore complex obtained from a single tomogram.
Coverage and Load Balancing in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks with Minimum Cell Separation (2013)

In this paper, we consider a downlink heterogeneous cellular network (HCN) where K tiers operate in a common spectrum and differ in terms of transmit power, target data rate, and base station (BS) density. We employ a repulsive cell activation (or planning) in the HCN by ensuring a minimum separation distance between interfering BSs in each tier. We consider a modified Matern hardcore process (MHP) for rendering a minimum separation distance between the BSs, which is realized by outweighing random BS distribution for closed and open access networks. Repulsive cell activation not only improves the coverage probability but also plays a role in balancing per-cell loads effectively according to varying user density. Assuming a finite BS capacity in terms of a limited number of per-cell users, we point out the importance of a relative BS density control between the tiers, and propose a tier-wise density and power control by introducing a load factor for configuring a HCN distributively while satisfying per-tier user throughput constraints given user density.
Synthèses d'indoles par cyclisation réductrice. II Nouvelle mélhode de synthèse des indole carboxamides‐3, donnant accés aux dérivés de la gramine (1976)

Abstract Les auteurs déerivent une nouvelle méthode de synthèse des indole carboxamides‐3, en deux étapes à partir des haloèno‐2 nitrohenzénes. Ces derniers, par réaction avec les dérivés sodés de cyanoacétamides, dans le N,N ‐diméthylformamide, donnent les (nitro‐2 phényl)‐2 cyanoacéta‐mides, dont l'hydrogènation eatalytique, à 80°, conduit directement aux indole carboxamides‐3. Ces amides peuvent ětre réduits par 1′aluminohyrlrure de lithium en aminométhyl‐3 indoles (gramine et dérivés), dont on présente ainsi une nouvelle voie d'accès.
High-performance multiqueue buffers for VLSI communication switches (2003)

A type of buffer called a dynamically allocated multiqueue (DAMQ) buffer, designed for use in n*n switches, is presented. This buffer provides efficient handling of variable-length packets and the forwarding of packets in non-FIFO (first-in-first-out) order. The microarchitecture of the DAMQ buffer and its controller is described in the context of the ComCoBB communication coprocessor for multicomputers. The DAMQ buffer can be efficiently implemented in LVSI to support packet transmission and reception at the rate of one byte per clock cycle. With a hardwired linked-list manager and a fast-routing mechanism, the ComCoBB chip will support virtual cut-through of messages with a latency of four cycles. The performance of the DAMQ buffer is compared with that of three alternative buffers in the context of a multistage interconnection network. Simulations show that for uniform traffic the DAMQ buffer results in significantly lower latencies and higher maximal throughput than other designs with the same total buffer storage capacity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Changes in spectral reflexions from the iridophores of the neon tetra. (1982)

1. The iridescent stripe of the freshwater teleost, the neon tetra, changes from green in the daytime to violet-blue at night. 2. Spectral reflectance measurements were used to follow these colour changes. 3. Light causes a shift in reflectance to longer wavelengths in living fish and in isolated tissue from the lateral stripe. The change is reversed in darkness. 4. The spectral reflectance shifts to longer wavelengths when the fish is disturbed in darkness. No such colour changes were seen in fishes kept alive in 10(-4) M-reserpine. 5. Hypotonic Ringer solution causes a reflectance shift to longer wavelengths and hypertonic solution causes a shift to shorter wavelengths. 6. The iridescent reflexions from the lateral stripe which is continued across the iris originate from iridophores in the dermis. These iridophores contain regular stacks of broad, double-sided hexagonal plates that are about 10 nm thick. Each plate is contained within a pouch in the cytoplasm and is separated from its neighbour by approximately one quarter the wavelength of light. 7. A distinction is drawn between the physiologically active iridophores in the lateral stripe and iris that have broad hexagonal crystal plates which are very thin and the physiologically inactive iridophores that are also found in the iris, but in addition are found on the flanks below the lateral stripe, and on the head. These iridophores contain hexagonal crystals that are usually narrower than the active type, but are about 60-100 nm thick.
Isolation and Proteomic Characterization of the Arabidopsis Golgi Defines Functional and Novel Components Involved in Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis   (2012)

The plant Golgi plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of cell wall matrix polysaccharides, protein glycosylation, and vesicle trafficking. Golgi-localized proteins have become prospective targets for reengineering cell wall biosynthetic pathways for the efficient production of biofuels from plant cell walls. However, proteomic characterization of the Golgi has so far been limited, owing to the technical challenges inherent in Golgi purification. In this study, a combination of density centrifugation and surface charge separation techniques have allowed the reproducible isolation of Golgi membranes from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) at sufficiently high purity levels for in-depth proteomic analysis. Quantitative proteomic analysis, immunoblotting, enzyme activity assays, and electron microscopy all confirm high purity levels. A composition analysis indicated that approximately 19% of proteins were likely derived from contaminating compartments and ribosomes. The localization of 13 newly assigned proteins to the Golgi using transient fluorescent markers further validated the proteome. A collection of 371 proteins consistently identified in all replicates has been proposed to represent the Golgi proteome, marking an appreciable advancement in numbers of Golgi-localized proteins. A significant proportion of proteins likely involved in matrix polysaccharide biosynthesis were identified. The potential within this proteome for advances in understanding Golgi processes has been demonstrated by the identification and functional characterization of the first plant Golgi-resident nucleoside diphosphatase, using a yeast complementation assay. Overall, these data show key proteins involved in primary cell wall synthesis and include a mixture of well-characterized and unknown proteins whose biological roles and importance as targets for future research can now be realized.
Semantic Lexicon Construction: Learning from Unlabeled Data via Spectral Analysis (2004)

This paper considers the task of automatically collecting words with their entity class labels, starting from a small number of labeled examples (`seed&apos; words). We show that spectral analysis is useful for compensating for the paucity of labeled examples by learning from unlabeled data. The proposed method significantly outperforms a number of methods that employ techniques such as EM and co-training. Furthermore,
Ultralow-loss mirror of the parts-in-10^6 level at 1064 nm (1995)

We describe an ultralow-loss and high-reflectance mirror at 1064 nm. A Fabry-Perot cavity is fabricated with two mirrors to measure the finesse and the transmission efficiency on resonance. The finesse was cross checked by two different methods: measurements of the cavity decay time and of the frequency-response function. As a result, a loss of 6 +/- 6 x 10(-6) (6 +/- 6 parts in 10(6), scatter and absorption) and a finesse of 2236 +/- 54 were measured during the cavity decay time. This result coincides with that of the response function within accuracies cited above. To our knowledge, the loss is the lowest obtained at 1064 nm.
A Blockchain-based key Management Scheme for Named Data Networking (2018)

Named Data Networking is built with security which requires each named Data object to be digitally signed by its producer. Thus, the NDN project has proposed a key management model on NDN testbed for verification of the Data packet to be immune to distributing poisoned content. However, in practice, this model poses two challenges for verifying fake content: (1) the centralized architecture easily leads to a single point of failure, especially when the root key fails, its difficult to verify the keys across sites due to the lack of trust between them, and (2) excessive overhead of certificate chain traversal when verifying signature. This paper first proposes a blockchain-based key management scheme in NDN to address the problem of lack of mutual trust between sites without trust anchors. Specifically, all site nodes form a permissioned blockchain for storing public key hashes to ensure the authenticity, and the proxy gateway participates in verifying to reduce excessively frequent communication between the router and the blockchain. In addition, the NDN public key content object and the scheme of their storage, verification, and revocation are redesigned. The result of our analysis and evaluation shows that the proposed scheme is capable of supporting less verification numbers and higher verification efficiency.
A Pilot Study to Assess Whether Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Protects the Heart From Ischemic Dysfunction and Attenuates Stunning After Coronary Balloon Occlusion in Humans (2011)

URL: http://www.isrctn.org. Unique identifier: ISRCTN 77442023.
Operational risk management (2002)

Risk management of human-technological systems has focused on strategic planning for prevention, mitigation, response and recovery activities. The growing availability and accessibility of advanced information and communications technologies provide the opportunity for operational risk management (ORM). In this paper, the authors define ORM and summarize their research results as reported in their most recent book. This paper highlights the core concepts of ORM, discusses decision support technologies for ORM, and presents applications in transportation and emergency response.