gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Desymmetrization ofmeso-cis-1,2-Cyclohexanedimethanol with Differentiation between Diastereotopic and Enantiotopic C−H Bonds by (−)-Sparteine-Mediated Deprotonation (1999)

A powerful nonenzymatic desymmetrization of a meso-diol, coupled with an efficient diastereoselective C–C bond formation at one of the enantiotopic sites is reported. The key step consists of the selection by sec-butyllithium/(−)-sparteine between enantiotopic and diastereotopic groups in the deprotonation step [Eq. (a)]. Kinetic resolutions of desymmetrized racemates (El = [D1] or Me3Sn) also were achieved.
Integrating WWW caches and search engines (2003)

In this paper we propose the concept of cache plugins, which are customized programs that run WWW cache servers and perform some of the search engine tasks. We describe a prototype implementation of cache plugin to answer client requests directed to a large search engine, using a nearby cache server to store static objects. Experimental results using actual logs show a significant improvement on the quality of service of the search engine, doubling its predictability, improving its availability by a factor of 24, and reducing both its response time by 8% and the network traffic by a factor of 20.
All‐<i>trans</i> retinoic acid enhances differentiation and influences permeability of intestinal Caco‐2 cells under serum‐free conditions (2004)

Vitamin A and retinoids are essential nutrients for the differentiation of epithelia. Vitamin A deficiency is accompanied by an impairment in intestinal integrity. We investigated whether retinoids influence the differentiation and permeability of Caco-2 cells under serum-free culture conditions as a model for the intestinal epithelium. Treatment of the Caco-2 cells with retinoic acids (RA) resulted in an increased specific activity, enhanced mRNA expression, and induction of the 5'-flanking promoter activity of the marker enzyme for the differentiation intestinal alkaline phosphatase. Surprisingly, permeability of the Caco-2 monolayer, as measured by transepithelial electric resistance and [3H]-mannitol flux, was found to be enhanced by RA. Treatment with RA had only a slight effect on the mRNA expression of the tight junction-associated proteins occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1, -3, and -4, but enhanced the expression of claudin-2, which was recently suggested to form a paracellular ion channel. The role of retinoids as potent inducers of epithelial differentiation was confirmed for the Caco-2 cells under serum-free culture conditions and it was concluded that IAP is a target gene of RA. The inverse regulation of the permeability by RA under these serum-free conditions showed that other mechanisms, which are essential to regulate intestinal epithelial integrity with respect to decreased permeability, have to be identified.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Aluminosilicate MCM‐41 in Desirable Forms via a Novel Co‐Assemble Route. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On next-generation telco-managed P2P TV architectures (2008)

Abstract—In recent years, Telcos worldwide have deployed IPTV networks to offer cable TV-like services over the IP backbones. Such walled garden IPTV networks are provisioned to guarantee the quality of service, fast channel switching, and user experience expected by TV viewers. A common key design element of these networks is the use of IP multicast within a single network domain to broadcast several hundreds of TV channels to millions of receivers. However, as the amount of content and channels increase and users demand more interactive and asynchronous viewing, current IPTV architectures are showing clear limitations. In this paper, we study next-generation Telco-managed IPTV architectures, where P2P distributed systems are integrated in Telco’s TV set-top boxes or home gateways. We explore how P2P can complement existing Telco-managed IPTV architectures to support advanced rewind functionalities and whether P2P can substitute IP multicast solutions towards supporting a potentially unlimited number of live channels. To this extent, we analyze the TV viewing behavior of a quarter million users using real traces from one of the largest Telco-managed IPTV networks in the world and show the synergistic strengths and the potential for various P2P IPTV combined architectures. I.
Findings from the NIMH Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA): Implications and Applications for Primary Care Providers (2001)

In 1992, the National Institute of Mental Health and 6 teams of investigators began a multisite clinical trial, the Multimodal Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA) study. Five hundred seventy-nine children were randomly assigned to either routine community care (CC) or one of three study-delivered treatments, all lasting 14 months. The three MTA treatments-monthly medication management (usually methylphenidate) following weekly titration (MedMgt), intensive behavioral treatment (Beh), and the combination (Comb)-were designed to reflect known best practices within each treatment approach. Children were assessed at four time points in multiple outcome. Results indicated that Comb and MedMgt interventions were substantially superior to Beh and CC interventions for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. For other functioning domains (social skills, academics, parent-child relations, oppositional behavior, anxiety/depression), results suggested slight advantages of Comb over single treatments (MedMgt, Beh) and community care. High quality medication treatment characterized by careful yet adequate dosing, three times daily methylphenidate administration, monthly follow-up visits, and communication with schools conveyed substantial benefits to those children that received it. In contrast to the overall study findings that showed the largest benefits for high quality medication management (regardless of whether given in the MedMgt or Comb group), secondary analyses revealed that Comb had a significant incremental effect over MedMgt (with a small effect size for this comparison) when categorical indicators of excellent response and when composite outcome measures were used. In addition, children with parent-defined comorbid anxiety disorders, particularly those with overlapping disruptive disorder comorbidities, showed preferential benefits to the Beh and Comb interventions. Parental attitudes and disciplinary practices appeared to mediate improved response to the Beh and Comb interventions.
A Review of Online Advertising Effects on the User Experience (2010)

This article reviews empirical research conducted in the last decade on the subject of how online display advertising affects the usability and quality of user experience of websites. In particular, from an in-depth analysis of research questions, methods, and findings of the reviewed studies, the following is discussed: (a) which conceptual and theoretical background knowledge, based on psychological explanations of user cognition, affection and behavior, can best support the design and investigation of online advertising, and (b) which specific adverts features and properties are key to understand and favor certain types of effects on users. By capitalizing on this benchmark knowledge on benefits of adverts and their hidden costs, web researchers and practitioners are encouraged to approach online advertising from a deeper and more comprehensive perspective, which is centered on qualities of web interaction that go beyond traditional usability factors. It is speculated that many of the theories and models developed for advertising effectiveness, and variables used to measure it, could and should be applied also when assessing the quality of the user experience when using websites in general, regardless of whether they contain adverts.
Cladding-modulated Bragg gratings in silicon waveguides (2009)

A cladding-modulated Bragg grating implemented using periodic placements of cylinders along a waveguide is proposed in a silicon-on-insulator platform. The coupling strength is varied by changing the distance between the cylinders and the waveguide. This implementation enables precise control and a wide dynamic range of coupling strengths and bandwidths that can be practically achieved for applications with specific bandwidth requirements. Modeling results are verified experimentally, and we demonstrate coupling strengths differing by 1 order of magnitude (43 and 921 per cm) with bandwidths of 8 and 16 nm, respectively. This method scheme enables weakly coupled devices with high fabrication tolerance to be realized.
Exiguobacterium undae sp. nov. and Exiguobacterium antarcticum sp. nov. (2002)

Four orange-pigmented strains from pond water (L1-L4) have been subjected to polyphasic taxonomic analyses. On the basis of ribotype analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, these strains form a genomically highly related group. 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed 98.8% similarity between the 16S rDNA sequences of strains L2T and H2T, isolated previously from a microbial mat from Lake Fryxell, Antarctica. DNA-DNA reassociation values indicated the presence of two genomic clusters. While the DNA of strains L2T and L3 showed 100% DNA relatedness, strains L2T and H2T shared only 51% DNA relatedness. These two clusters differed in some phenotypic properties, e.g. utilization of melibiose, D-mannitol, adenosine 5'-monophosphate and uridine 5'-monophosphate, and in their fatty acid compositions. Based on the composition of isoprenoid quinones, peptidoglycan, polar lipids and fatty acids, these organisms are members of the genus Exiguobacterium. This is supported by 16S rDNA analyses, which revealed 97-98% similarity to Exiguobacterium acetylicum DSM 20416T and 93.2-93.8% similarity to Exiguobacterium aurantiacum DSM 6208T. E. acetylicum DSM 20416T, the closest phylogenetic neighbour, shows only 39% DNA similarity to strain L2T and 40% DNA similarity to strain H2T. Based on genomic distinctiveness and the clear differences in chemotaxonomy and physiology, two novel species are proposed, Exiguobacterium undae sp. nov. and Exiguobacterium antarcticum sp. nov.
Stress Concentrations Around Spheroidal Inclusions and Cavities (1951)

Abstract Previous investigations have been concerned with the stress concentration around a spheroidal cavity under certain restricted loading assumptions. In this paper exact closed solutions are obtained for the following: (a) The distribution of stress around a spheroidal inclusion in an elastic body which is in an arbitrary uniform state of stress infinitely far from the inclusion, and, in particular, for the distribution of stress around a spheroidal cavity under the same loading conditions. (b) The thermal stress distribution arising from distinct uniform temperature changes applied to the spheroidal inclusion and the surrounding medium. Technically important features of the solutions obtained are discussed.
Autres modulateurs de l'activité thyroïdienne. (1992)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
A Hybrid Ultrasonic Guided Wave-Fiber Optic System for Flaw Detection in Pipe (2018)

The work presented in this paper shows that Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) optical fiber sensors can potentially be used as receivers in a long-range guided wave torsional-mode pipe inspection system. Benefits over the conventional pulse-echo method arise due to reduced total travel distance of the ultrasonic guided wave reflections, since reflections from defects and structural features do not need to propagate a full round trip back to the transmitting collar. This is especially important in pipe configurations with high attenuation, such as coated and buried pipelines. The use of FBGs as receivers instead of conventional piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements also significantly reduces cabling, since multiple FBG receivers can be placed along a single optical fiber which has a diameter on the order of only around 100 μm. The basic approach and sample results are presented in the paper. Additionally, a brief overview of some topics in ultrasonic guided waves is presented as a background to understand the inspection problem presented here.
Frameless Stereotactic Brain Biopsy Procedures Using the Stealth Station: Indications, Accuracy and Results (2003)

This study presents the results of 57 stereotactic brain biopsies using a frameless neuronavigation system, the Stealth Station. The supratentorial lesions had a mean diameter of 33 mm and a mean distance of 32 mm from the entry point at brain surface. In all cases the stereotactic procedure was planned in the preoperative 3-D magnetic resonance data set. In seven cases additional data for identification of eloquent brain areas was integrated from magnetoencephalography or functional magnetic resonance imaging. During surgery the samples were sent to neuropathological examination and the operation completed after the confirmation of pathological tissue. Using this method, in 56 cases a pathological tissue was obtained and a diagnostic yield of 98% was achieved. In two cases (3.5%) a new neurological deficit remained (hemiparesis and visual field deficit). The mean operation time was 92 minutes including examination of frozen sections. The results of our series demonstrate, that frameless stereotactic systems can also be reliably applied for biopsy of supratentorial lesions larger than 15 mm. Frameless stereotaxy in combination with intraoperative pathological confirmation is a safe and reliable method for stereotactic brain biopsy with a diagnostic yield comparable to frame-based stereotaxy.
Strongly interacting bubbles under an ultrasonic horn (2008)

Numerical simulations of bubble pulsations have been performed for a system of two bubble clouds in order to study the experimentally observed bubble motion under an ultrasonic horn by high-speed video camera. The comparison between the calculated results and the experimental observation of the bubble pulsation has indicated that the bubble pulsation is strongly influenced by the interaction with surrounding bubbles. The expansion of a bubble during the rarefaction phase of ultrasound is strongly reduced by the bubble-bubble interaction. Some bubbles move toward the horn tip due to the secondary Bjerknes force acting from the bubbles near the horn tip. It has also been shown that the acoustic amplitude in the liquid is strongly reduced by cavitation due to the decrease in acoustic radiation resistance.
Virtual humans personified (2002)

The focus of the virtual human research has recently shifted from modeling and animation towards imparting personalities to virtual humans. The aim is to create virtual humans that can interact spontaneously using a natural language, emotions and gestures. In this paper we present a system that allows the design of personality for emotional virtual human. We adopt the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality from psychology studies. To realize the model, we use Bayesian Belief Network. We introduce a layered approach for modeling personality, moods and emotions. In order to demonstrate a virtual human with emotional personality, we explain how the model can be integrated with an appropriate dialogue system.
Cacao polyphenolic substances. 3. Separation and estimation on paper chromatograms (1955)

Specialities (Syntex)
Effects of olfactory stimulation on performance and stress in a visual sustained attention task (1991)

Subjects performed a visual sustained attention (vigilance) task for 40 minutes during which they received periodic 30-second whiffs of pure air or a hedonically positive fragrance, Muguet or Peppermint, through a modified oxygen mask. The former fragrance had been independently judged as relaxing, the latter as alerting. Subjects receiving either fragrance detected significantly more signals during the vigil than unscented air controls. Subjective reports of mood and workload indicated that the subjects experienced the vigilance task as stressful and demanding. However, the fragrances had no impact on the latter measures. These results provide the initial experimental evidence to indicate that fragrances can enhance signal detectability in a task demanding sustained attention, though the exact characteristics ofeffective fragrances have yet to be determined.
Detection of tryptase in cytoplasmic granules of basophils in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and other myeloid neoplasms (2001)

Tryptases are serine proteases primarily expressed in mast cells. Normal blood basophils express only trace amounts of the enzyme. However, recent immunohistochemical studies have raised the possibility that neoplastic basophils express significant amounts of tryptase. In this study, tryptase expression was analyzed in normal and neoplastic basophils by immunoelectron microscopy using antitryptase monoclonal antibody G3. Basophils were obtained from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and from healthy donors. Tryptase-immunoreactive material was detected in cytoplasmic granules of basophils in CML, IMF, and MDS. By contrast, normal basophils did not contain significant amounts of tryptase by immunoelectron microscopy. As assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, neoplastic basophils contained messenger RNA (mRNA) for alpha-tryptase, but no beta-tryptase mRNA. In summary, these data provide evidence that neoplastic basophils in CML, IMF, and MDS can express detectable amounts of tryptase. Therefore, tryptase should not be regarded as specific for mast cells when neoplastic myeloid cells are analyzed.
Visualization of flow patterning in high-speed centrifugal microfluidics (2005)

This work presents a new experimental setup for image capturing of centrifugally driven flows in disk-based microchannels rotating at high frequencies of up to 150Hz. To still achieve a micron-scale resolution, smearing effects are minimized by a microscope-mounted CCD camera featuring an extremely short minimum exposure time of 100ns, only. The image capture is controlled by a real-time PC board which sends delayed trigger signals to the CCD camera and to a stroboscopic flash upon receiving the zero-crossing signal of the rotating disk. The common delay of the trigger signals is electronically adjusted according to the spinning frequency. This appreciably improves the stability of the captured image sequences. Another computer is equipped with a fast framegrabber PC board to directly acquire the image data from the CCD camera. A maximum spatial resolution ranging between 4.5μm at rest and 10μm at a 150Hz frequency of rotation is achieved. Even at high frequencies of rotation, image smearing does not significantly impair the contrast. Using this experimental setup, the Coriolis-induced patterning of two liquid flows in 300-μm-wide channels rotating at 100Hz is visualized at a spatial resolution better than 10μm.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of DBC on Sputter Deposited Copper on Alumina Substrate (2004)

The process of Direct Bonding Copper (DBC) is performed by a spinel reaction between CuO and Al 2 O 3 . In order to develop DBC on alumina substrate with high bonding strength, alumina substrate was preformed as follows: Cu was sputter-deposited on alumina substrate. Sputter-Deposited Cu (SDC) on alumina substrate was oxidized at 673K for 30min in air atmosphere and then stabilized at 1273K for 30min in N2 gas atmosphere to improve bonding strtrength between preformed alumina substrate and SDC layer. Subsequently, the Cu-foil (300µm) was bonded on preformed-alumina substrate in N2 gas atmosphere at 1342~1345K. It was found that optimum condition of DBC on preformed-alumina substrate could be successfully obtained at 1345K for 30min. Consequently, bonding strength of DBC on alumina substrate was the high value of 80N/cm. Observation and analysis of microstructure for Cu sputtered DBC showed that reaction compounds such as CuAlO 2 and CuAl 2 O 4 approved to be formed in the vicinity of interface between Cu and alumina substrate.
Fabrication Technique for Preparing Nanogap Electrodes by Conventional Silicon Processes (2005)

A fabrication technique for preparing nanogap electrodes, such as a gold (Au) nano electrode, using conventional silicon (Si) processes–photolithography, etching, thermal oxidation and deposition–is proposed. Stencil substrates are prepared using the Si processes. Then, without requiring complicated technology, nanogap structures can be formed using the technique. Numerous kinds of materials can be selected as an electrode. The mass production of a sensing device for the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), or a so-called DNA chip, can be realized at a low cost.
Improved Mitchell-based logarithmic multiplier for low-power DSP applications (2004)

This paper presents a method to improve the accuracy of a logarithmic multiplier, based on Mitchell's algorithms for calculating logarithms and antilogarithms. The method developed offers an area saving of approximately 50% and a power saving of 71% for larger input widths. A FIR filter based on the multiplier is also presented.
Studies on Structural Changes in the Lumbar Annulus Fibrosus (1952)

(1952). Studies on Structural Changes in the Lumbar Annulus Fibrosus. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 22, No. 1-4, pp. 184-231.
A Framework for Geometric Analysis of Vascular Structures: Application to Cerebral Aneurysms (2009)

There is well-documented evidence that vascular geometry has a major impact in blood flow dynamics and consequently in the development of vascular diseases, like atherosclerosis and cerebral aneurysmal disease. The study of vascular geometry and the identification of geometric features associated with a specific pathological condition can therefore shed light into the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease. Although the development of medical imaging technologies is providing increasing amounts of data on the three-dimensional morphology of the in vivo vasculature, robust and objective tools for quantitative analysis of vascular geometry are still lacking. In this paper, we present a framework for the geometric analysis of vascular structures, in particular for the quantification of the geometric relationships between the elements of a vascular network based on the definition of centerlines. The framework is founded upon solid computational geometry criteria, which confer robustness of the analysis with respect to the high variability of in vivo vascular geometry. The techniques presented are readily available as part of the VMTK, an open source framework for image segmentation, geometric characterization, mesh generation and computational hemodynamics specifically developed for the analysis of vascular structures. As part of the Aneurisk project, we present the application of the present framework to the characterization of the geometric relationships between cerebral aneurysms and their parent vasculature.
Monotonic Infinite Lookback Attention for Simultaneous Machine Translation (2019)

Naveen Arivazhagan, Colin Cherry, Wolfgang Macherey, Chung-Cheng Chiu, Semih Yavuz, Ruoming Pang, Wei Li, Colin Raffel. Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 2019.