gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization and metabolism of free fatty alcohols from<i>Escherichia coli</i> (1972)

Abstract Free fatty acohols have been established as lipid components of E. coli K‐12 . Using combined gas liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, the major alcohols in aerobically grown cells were identified as 1‐tetradecanol (18%), 1‐hexadecanol (28%), 1‐octadecanol (14%), and 2‐pentadecanol (27%). Small amounts of 1‐hexadecenol (3%), 2‐tridecanol (8%), and 2‐tetradecanol (1.5%) were also detected. Analysis of anaerobically grown cells has shown a selective decrease of the secondary alcohols. 2‐Pentadecanol was present as only 7% of the total alcohol fraction, and only traces of 2‐tridecanol and 2‐tetradecanol were found. The major alcohols in anaerobic cells were 1‐tetradecanol, 1‐pentadecanol, 1‐hexadecenol and 1‐hexadecanol. The above observations strongly suggest two pathways for the synthesis of fatty alcohols in E. coli . One pathway synthesizes the primary alcohols and does not require molecular oxygen, and a separate pathway synthesizes the secondary alcohols and has a requirement for molecular oxygen.
Multistep Reversible Redox Systems, XLVII<sup>1)</sup><i>N,N</i>′‐Dicyanoquinonediimines – A New Class of Compounds, II: Comparison of Redox Properties with those of Quinones and Tetracyanoquinodimethanes (1986)

Abstract By determining the E 2 (and in part E 1 ) redox potentials of the quinoid compounds 1 – 9 , the close chemical similarity of the groups C = X [X  O, NCN, C(CN) 2 ] has been quantitatively confirmed. Especially the dicyanodiimines 2 and 5 are very similar to TCNQ derivatives 3 . Substituent effects on the potentials E 2 are linear with (σ m + σ p )/2 Hammett constants. Most deviations from the expected thermodynamic stability of the radical anions ( K SEM ) are due to lack of planarity especially with systems containing the Y‐shaped rigid =C(CN) 2 group.
Space-Division Digital Networks for Video Signals (1972)

Space-division digital-switching networks are proposed as switching systems of a future communication network suitable for introduction of new services. Network construction methods for video signals are considered. Hybrid-switching networks using two kinds of coding systems will be available for both simplification of equipment and high-quality transmission. Consideration is also given to future network formats, which will be gradually digitalized. Introduction of a pulse-stuffing synchronization system into switching networks is proposed here. For video signals, this system is presumed to be more economical than the mutual synchronization system. New techniques, such as junctor-stuffing synchronization and destuffing with qnantized clock rates, are discussed.
ASSOCIATION AMONG DONOR-SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES, PATTERN OF C4D DEPOSITION AND ALLOGRAFT SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH TRANSPLANT GLOMERULOPATHY (2010)

Sai, K.; Shimizu, T.; Shirakawa, H.; Omoto, K.; Ishida, H.; Tanabe, K. Author Information
Star‐Shaped Oligothiophenes for Solution‐Processible Organic Field‐Effect Transistors (2003)

Abstract We have designed and successfully synthesized star‐shaped oligothiophenes, which could be used as semiconducting materials for solution‐processible organic field‐effect transistors (FETs). By systematically changing the chemical structure of the star‐shaped oligothiophenes we obtained the structural requirements needed for making working FETs from them. UV‐vis fluorescence measurements showed that a molecule of the star‐shaped compounds under consideration is not a fully conjugated molecule, but it has three independently conjugated oligothienyl‐phenylene blocks. A possible scheme of molecular packing of the star‐shaped oligothiophenes in a lamellar structure was proposed and confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Although the star‐shaped semiconductors show a somewhat lower mobility than their linear analogs, they possess better solubility and film‐forming properties, leading to improved spin‐coating processing. The best FETs were made by spin‐coating 1,3,5‐tris(5″‐decyl‐2,2′:5′,2″‐terthien‐5‐yl)benzene from a chloroform solution, which resulted in a mobility of 2 × 10 –4 cm 2 V –1 s –1 , a 10 2 on/off ratio at gate voltages of 0 V and –20 V, and a threshold voltage close to 0 V.
Parallel pixel processing using programmable gatearrays (1996)

A reconfigurable hardware design permits very fast feature extraction from high frame rate video images. By implementing parallel pixel processing paths in programmable gate arrays, a wide range of image processing algorithms can be implemented in realtime.
A Novel Circular TE01-Mode Bend for Ultra-High-Power Applications (2004)

Abstract Future Linear Colliders and Accelerators require rf systems and components that are capable of handling hundreds of megawatts power levels at x-band frequencies and higher. Standard rf components that have been in use for a long time such as waveguide bends, directional couplers and hybrids, can not be used because of peak field considerations. Indeed, one has to reinvent most of these components taking into account the constraints imposed by ultra-high-power operation. Here, we present a new design for circular waveguides bends propagating the low-loss TE01 mode. The bend has smooth walls and low field levels. We present a simple synthesis process for designing such a device. The general philosophy of this technique can be applied to other components as well. We describe the detailed design of the bend and compare our design with finite element simulations and experimental data. The bend has very low ohmic losses, and the TE01 mode is transmitted with virtually perfect mode purity.
Super-resolution ultrasonic NDT imaging system based on micro-scanning (2010)

Ultrasonic imaging technology is a remarkable new technology in modern nondestructive testing (NDT). However, at present, the main problem is that its resolution is lower, thereby directly affecting the application value of ultrasonic image. In this paper, the issue of how to improve the resolution of ultrasonic imaging is studied, the method of super-resolution techniques with applications to ultrasonic imaging is proposed. Firstly, the method uses micro-scanning imaging technology obtain low-resolution image sequences with sub-pixel displacement, then through the super-resolution image reconstruction methods obtains high-resolution ultrasound images. Based on the way of thinking, an immersion ultrasonic imaging experimental platform was established, the experimental platform has both ultrasound scan imaging functions, but also has the region of interest (ROI) for micro-scanning imaging functions. And some experiments are studied, the results showed: the method of super-resolution ultrasound imaging based on micro-scan is operational and original, and it is excellent reference material to improve the resolution of Ultrasonic imaging equipment.
Competitive inhibition of the auxin‐induced elongation by α‐D‐oligogalacturonides in pea stem segments (1988)

Branca, C, De Lorenzo, G. and Cervone, F. 1988. Competitive inhibition of the auxin‐induced elongation by α‐D‐oligogalacturonides in pea stem segments. ‐ Physiol. Plant. 72: 499–504. α‐D‐galacturonide oligomers (OG) were prepared by partial hydrolysis of sodium polypectate with an homogeneous Aspergillus niger endopolygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15). OG, obtained after digestion for 10, 20, 30, 60, 120 min and 24 h, were assayed for their ability to interfere with the IAA‐induced elongation of pea ( Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska) stems. Maximum inhibiting activity was exhibited by oligomers with an approximate degree of polymerization higher than 8. Inhibition by longer OG was much lower, and the products of the 24 h digestion and the unhydrolysed polypectate were ineffective. The addition of OG to pea stems caused a parallel shift to the right of the IAA dose‐effect curve. The shift depended on the amount of OG used, showing that oligogalacturonides behave as competitive antagonists of IAA. The presence of OG caused the disappearance of the second maximum of the elongation rate and reduced the first maximum. OG were also tested for their ability to inhibit IAA‐induced ethylene evolution of pea stem segments. Maximal inhibition was obtained with OG of the same size as those that interfered with IAA‐induced elongation. Inhibition of the auxin action seemed to be specific as OG did not interfere with the activity of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) or kinetin. It was concluded that oligogalacturonides strongly interfere with the activity of IAA, although they are by themselves incapable to influence the elongation of pea stem segments directly.
Optical waveguide writing with a diode-pumped femtosecond oscillator (2004)

Optical waveguide writing is demonstrated by means of a diode-pumped cavity-dumped Yb:glass femtosecond laser oscillator with a pulse energy of 270 nJ at a 166-kHz repetition rate. Waveguides realized on an Er:Yb-doped phosphate glass are almost perfectly mode matched to standard single-mode fibers at 1.55 microm and show a 1.2-dB net gain in a standard telecommunications amplifier setup. Waveguide writing with a compact femtosecond laser oscillator is an important step toward introducing this technique into an industrial context.
Influence of phenolic compounds of Kangra tea [Camellia sinensis (L) O Kuntze] on bacterial pathogens and indigenous bacterial probiotics of Western Himalayas (2013)

Phenolic compounds of nutraceutical importance viz., catechins (C), (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) were estimated in fresh green tea shoots of Camellia sinensis (L) O Kuntze cultivar. The total polyphenols and total catechins were in the range of 219.90 to 317.81 and 140.83 to 271.39 g/kg, respectively in monthly samples of tea. The values of C, EC, EGC, EGCG and ECG in tea powders as analyzed through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were in the range of 1.560 to 3.661, 13.338 to 27.766, 26.515 to 39.597, 62.903 to 102.168 and 18.969 to 39.469 mg/g, respectively. Effect of tea extracts and standard flavanols against five pathogenic bacteria viz., Listeria monocytogenes (MTCC-839), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC-741), Bacillus cereus (MTCC-1272), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-96) and Escherichia coli (MTCC-443), and eleven indigenous potential bacterial probiotics belonging to genera Enterococcus, Bacillus and Lactobacillus spp. obtained from fermented foods of Western Himalayas, was investigated. EGCG, ECG and EGC exhibited antibacterial activity but, C and EC did not show this activity. Tea extracts having high concentrations of EGCG and ECG were more potent in antibacterial action against bacterial pathogens. Tea extracts and standard flavan-3-ols augmented viability of potential probiotics in an order of EGCG > EGC > ECG > EC > C. Tea extracts and standard flavanols had no antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (MTCC-443) but, in combination with probiotic culture supernatants, this activity was seen. The Kangra tea thus, exerts antibacterial effect on bacterial pathogens through EGCG, ECG and EGC constituents while stimulatory effect on growth of indigenous potential probiotics.
Subtilisin cleavage of bovine plasma albumin. Reversible association of the two primary fragments and their relation to the structure of the parent protein (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubtilisin cleavage of bovine plasma albumin. Reversible association of the two primary fragments and their relation to the structure of the parent proteinDennis M. Pederson and Joseph F. FosterCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 6, 2357–2365Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00834a016https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00834a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design considerations for variation tolerant multilevel CMOS/Nano memristor memory (2010)

With technology migration into nano and molecular scales several hybrid CMOS/nano logic and memory architectures have been proposed thus far that aim to achieve high device density with low power consumption. The discovery of the memristor has further enabled the realization of denser nanoscale logic and memory systems. This work describes the design of such a multilevel memristor memory (MLMM) system, and the design constraints imposed in the realization of such a memory. In particular, the limitations on load, bank size, number of bits achievable per device, placed by the required noise margin (NM) for accurately reading the data stored in a device are analyzed.
Single-Wire Pressure and Flow Velocity Measurement to Quantify Coronary Stenosis Hemodynamics and Effects of Percutaneous Interventions (2004)

DeltaP-v relations comprehensively visualize improvements in coronary hemodynamics after PCI. h-SRv is a powerful and sensitive descriptor of the functional gain achieved by PCI, combining information about both pressure gradient and velocity, which are oppositely affected by PCI. Simultaneous assessment of stenosis and microvascular resistance may provide a valuable tool for guidance of PCI.
300 kW battery energy storage system using an IGBT converter (2003)

Increasing automation in modern industry and deregulation have changed the requirements on power quality. Computer and process control equipment as well as drive converters are sensitive to deviations of the line voltage from the ideal sinusoidal. Voltage sags, harmonic distortion, flicker and interruption of power supply are the most common problems. In an increasing number of cases, where conventional equipment cannot solve these problems, PWM converter-based shunt- and series connected power conditioners named DSTATCOM (distribution static synchronous compensator) and DVR (dynamic voltage restorer) have been introduced. With energy storage added to the power conditioner even more flexibility in system operation and planning is provided for utilities and industry. This paper describes such a 300 kW power conditioner with a chemical battery and its benefits to an industrial plant. If, for example, load demand exceeds the power rating of the supplying transformer or the negotiated power with the utility only at certain times of day, the excessive active power demand can be provided by the power conditioner. In addition, the power conditioner can be used for reactive power compensation or other tasks, if it is not fully used for charging or discharging. The new technology can therefore be used to postpone or avoid major investments and to optimize energy consumption costs.
<i>In Vitro</i>Anti-<i>Candida</i>Activity of Lidocaine and Nitroglycerin: Alone and Combined (2012)

The aim of this work was to study the anti-Candida activity of lidocaine and nitroglycerin alone and in combination. Ten Candida strains were included, corresponding to 1 collection type strain (ATCC 10231) and 9 clinical isolates: 4 C. albicans, 2 C. glabrata, 1 C. tropicalis, 1 C. krusei, and 1 C. parapsilosis. The CLSI reference M27-A3 micromethod was used to determine the anti-Candida activity of the drugs alone; minimal inhibitory and lethal concentrations were determined. The classic checkboard technique was used to determine the activity of combined drugs. Lidocaine fungicidal effect was dosedependent. Nitroglycerin exhibited a higher effect. The drugs combination resulted in a reduction of the inhibitory concentration, corresponding to an additive effect. In conclusion, both drugs exhibited an interesting anti-Candida activity. The combination of lidocaine with nitroglycerin was shown to have an additive effect against Candida spp., predicting the interest to include, in the future, these drugs in a new delivery system for the treatment of mucocutaneous candidosis.
Alloy 718 for the Oil and Gas Industry (1989)

This paper examines some of the properties of Alloy 718 required by the oil and gas industry for the completion of corrosive wells. The properties of interest include strength, toughness, pitting and general corrosion resistance, hydrogen embrittlement resistance, and stress corrosion cracking resistance. The effects of heat treatment on some of these properties are discussed. Heat treatment temperatures can affect each property differently. Thus high aging temperatures may improve hydrogen embrittlement resistance while low aging temperatures may improve toughness and corrosion resistance. The stress corrosion cracking performance determines the limits for use in the most aggress environments containing elemental sulfur. Superalloy 718-Metallurgy and Applications Edited by E.A. Loria The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 1989
Dislocation-Free In<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1-x</sub>P<sub>1-y</sub>N<sub>y</sub>/GaP<sub>1-z</sub>N<sub>z</sub> Double-Heterostructure Light Emitting Diode on Si Substrate (2005)

An In x Ga 1- x P 1- y N y /GaP 0.982 N 0.018 double-heterostructure (DH) light-emitting diode (LED) was fabricated on a Si substrate using solid-source molecular beam epitaxy (SS-MBE) with an rf plasma nitrogen source. It was confirmed by high resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis that the structure of the LED had a small lattice mismatch to the Si substrate. A cross-sectional image obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that there were no threading dislocations in the epitaxial layers. The electroluminescence (EL) properties were also evaluated. The EL peak wavelength of an In x Ga 1- x P 1- y N y /GaP 0.982 N 0.018 DH LED was 665 nm at room temperature when the indium ( x ) and nitrogen contents ( y ) were 4.0% and 3.8%, respectively. A relatively wide EL spectrum was obtained. These specific features of EL spectra could be attributed to a long band tail formed by nitrogen in the In x Ga 1- x P 1- y N y active layer.
How Does the Comprex<sup>®</sup> Pressure-Wave Supercharger Work? (1983)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The paper describes the aerodynamic principle of the Comprex<sup>®</sup> pressure-wave supercharger (PWS) and explains how gas-dynamic phenomena can be utilized to create a mechanically simple and robust boosting device for vehicles which permits the combination of excellent driveability, low fuel consumption and low emission without reliance on complicated control systems.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The main features of the PWS are described and a few examples of recent applications to automobile Diesel engines are shown.</div>
Increasing the effectiveness of directory caches by deactivating coherence for private memory blocks (2011)

To meet the demand for more powerful high-performance shared-memory servers, multiprocessor systems must incorporate efficient and scalable cache coherence protocols, such as those based on directory caches. However, the limited directory cache size of the increasingly larger systems may cause frequent evictions of directory entries and, consequently, invalidations of cached blocks, which severely degrades system performance. A significant percentage of the referred memory blocks are only accessed by one processor (even in parallel applications) and, therefore, do not require coherence maintenance. Taking advantage of techniques that dynamically identify those private blocks, we propose to deactivate the coherence protocol for them and to treat them as uniprocessor systems do. The protocol deactivation allows directory caches to omit the tracking of an appreciable quantity of blocks, which reduces their load and increases their effective size. Since the operating system collaborates on the detection of private blocks, our proposal only requires minor modifications. Simulation results show that, thanks to our proposal, directory caches can avoid the tracking of about 57% of the accessed blocks and their capacity can be better exploited. This contributes either to shorten the runtime of parallel applications by 15% while keeping directory cache size or to maintain system performance while using directory caches 8 times smaller.
Industrial-Scale Production of<sup>99<i>m</i></sup>Tc Generators for Clinical Use Based on Zirconium Molybdate Gel (2010)

AbstractThis paper is a narration of gel generator technology development and adoption in Iran including production of 99Mo by neutron activation of molybdenum [98Mo(n,γ)99Mo] in the research reactor of Tehran. The indigenous design and development of units for the manufacturing of gel generators included the setting up of shielded plant facilities with pneumatic-driven as well as manual controls and special gadgets, process adaptation to automation in the shielded facility, regulatory clearances and commencement of operations for periodic production of gel generators, demonstration of clinical utility, and adaptation of the generator design. Molybdenum-99 is being converted to zirconium molybdate gel under controlled conditions, and the resulting gel is dried at three steps, which include 2 h at 100°C, 2 h at 90°C, and 5 h at 70°C in order to reduce the time period between the end of reactor irradiation and completion of the processing of gel generators. The produced sodium pertechnetate solution from these gel-type 99Mo/99mTc generators fulfills all requirements of U.S. pharmacopeia. All the generators provide high-yield and pure elutions as well as sterile and pyrogen-free pertechnetate solution. In addition, it shows favorable-quality features to prepare various 99mTc complexes.
Low-complexity antenna diversity receivers for WCDMA handsets (2003)

A low-complexity antenna diversity architecture using a single receiver chain together with a novel combining algorithm suitable for WCDMA systems is designed to improve handset performance in the mobile downlink. Simulation results are presented comparing different diversity receiver configurations under several channel conditions. System sensitivity to the Doppler frequency and correlation between diversity branches are investigated. Both selection diversity (SD) and a receiver using two front-ends (2FE) are compared with the combining algorithm. The results show that the combining architecture outperforms SD, which is a proposed candidate for WCDMA handset by a gain of about 1.25 dB, while being inferior to 2FE by only 0.75 dB.
Major Challenges in Rheumatology: Will We Ever Treat Smarter, Instead of Just Harder? (2019)

SPECIALTY GRAND CHALLENGE article Front. Med., 26 June 2019Sec. Rheumatology Volume 6 - 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00144