gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Evaluation of Optimized Artificial HIV-1 Poly-T Cell-Epitope Immunogens (2015)

A successful HIV vaccine in addition to induction of antibody responses should elicit effective T cell responses. Here we described possible strategies for rational design of T-cell vaccine capable to induce high levels of both CD4+ and CD8+ T- cell responses. We developed artificial HIV-1 polyepitope T-cell immunogens based on the conserved natural CD8+ and CD4+ T cell epitopes from different HIV-1 strains and restricted by the most frequent major human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. Designed immunogens contain optimized core polyepitope sequence and additional "signal" sequences which increase epitope processing and presentation to CD8+ and CD4+ T-lymphocytes: N-terminal ubiquitin, N-terminal signal peptide and C-terminal tyrosine motif of LAMP-1 protein. As a result we engineered three T cell immunogens - TCI-N, TCI-N2, and TCI-N3, with different combinations of signal sequences. All designed immunogens were able to elicit HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses following immunization. Attachment of either ubiquitin or ER-signal/LAMP-1 sequences increased both CD4+ and CD8+ mediated HIV-specific T cell responses in comparison with polyepitope immunogen without any additional signal sequences. Moreover, TCI-N3 polyepitope immunogen with ubiquitin generated highest magnitude of HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in our study. Obtained data suggests that attachment of signal sequences targeting polyepitope immunogens to either MHC class I or MHC class II presentation pathways may improve immunogenicity of T-cell vaccines. These results support the strategy of the rational T cell immunogen design and contribute to the development of effective HIV-1 vaccine.
Parametric study of the swimming performance of a fish robot propelled by a flexible caudal fin (2010)

In this paper, we aim to study the swimming performance of fish robots by using a statistical approach. A fish robot employing a carangiform swimming mode had been used as an experimental platform for the performance study. The experiments conducted aim to investigate the effect of various design parameters on the thrust capability of the fish robot with a flexible caudal fin. The controllable parameters associated with the fin include frequency, amplitude of oscillation, aspect ratio and the rigidity of the caudal fin. The significance of these parameters was determined in the first set of experiments by using a statistical approach. A more detailed parametric experimental study was then conducted with only those significant parameters. As a result, the parametric study could be completed with a reduced number of experiments and time spent. With the obtained experimental result, we were able to understand the relationship between various parameters and a possible adjustment of parameters to obtain a higher thrust. The proposed statistical method for experimentation provides an objective and thorough analysis of the effects of individual or combinations of parameters on the swimming performance. Such an efficient experimental design helps to optimize the process and determine factors that influence variability.
Decrease of solvent water loading in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry by using a membrane separator (1995)

A hollow-fibre polyimide membrane separator was used to decrease the water loading on an inductively coupled plasma (ICP). An aerosol generated by a pneumatic nebulizer, after large droplets had been removed in a spray chamber, was passed through the membrane separator heated at 80 °C. Water in the aerosol was evaporated and removed as water vapour from the inside to the outside of the hollow fibres, and consequently only a dry aerosol was introduced into the ICP. The levels of polyatomic ions, such as ArO+ and ClO+, decreased by one and two orders of magnitude, respectively. The CeO+ : Ce+ ratio, cerium being one of the strongest oxide-forming elements, could be decreased to 1.1 × 10–3 under conditions such that the maximum count rate of Ce+ was obtained. The Ba2+ : Ba+ ratio obtained with the membrane separator was relatively lower than that obtained with a cooled spray chamber. Ion kinetic energies were also lowered with decreasing water loading.
Multi-modal and multi-instance fusion for biometric cryptosystems (2012)

Biometric cryptosystems allow cryptographic privacy protection for biometric reference data without storing a secret key. However, their security is inherently limited by the discriminative information content of the biometric feature data. Given the currently exploitable entropy of biometric features, one of the most promising approaches to achieve high privacy levels is to combine several biometric modalities or several instances of the same biometric modality. In this contribution, we theoretically analyze multi-biometric fusion strategies for biometric cryptosystems with respect to their impact on security and recognition accuracy. We also introduce hash level as a new fusion level. Furthermore, we give a more detailed analysis for the most prominent schemes, the Fuzzy Commitment Scheme and the Fuzzy Vault.
Cyclic AMP and adenyl cyclase in brain tumors (1977)

Some of the regulatory mechanisms of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) production in human brain tumors were investigated by assessing both cyclic AMP levels and adenyl cyclase activity. A large disparity was found between the levels of cyclic AMP of normal brain and brain-tumor tissue. Cyclic AMP levels were much lower in brain tumors (25.8 pmoles (picomoles)/mg protein) than in normal brain (98.8 pmoles/mg protein). These studies also show that the abnormally low levels of cyclic AMP in tumors parallel those of adenyl cyclase. The mean adenyl cyclase activity of brain tissue was found to be 111.0 pmoles of cyclic AMP/min/mg protein, while that of the tumor was only 23.0 pmoles/min/mg protein. Levels of cyclic AMP and adenyl cyclase activity were inversely related to the degree of malignancy. Attempts to stimulate adenyl cyclase in homogenates of human brain and brain tumors resulted in a similar response in both tissues. Norepinephrone was the most effective stimulant and produced a two- to threefold increase in cyclic AMP production, while histamine had no effect. It is concluded that one of the factors governing tumor growth may be a defect in the adenyl cyclase system.
Selective CU depth range decision algorithm for HEVC encoder (2014)

In this paper, selective CU depth range decision algorithm is proposed to achieve a fast High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoding. According to HEVC standard, encoding and decoding operation is performed using Coding Tree Unit (CTU). These CTUs are further divided in quadtree structure to form Coding Units (CUs) and its perform recursive splitting into four blocks. To reduce unnecessary CU splitting and the computational complexity, the proposed algorithm can select CU depth range using threshold values which were estimated from spatially neighboring CU information of current CU. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an approximate 21% reduction in encoding time for random access configuration, with a Y BD-rate loss of 0.2%.
Biocompatibility of ceramic implants in soft tissue (1972)

Abstract The degradation and biocompatibility of seveal commercially available glasses, glass‐ceramics, and ceramics have been evaluated in soft tissue. Tissue compatibility was investigated by histological and toxicological determinations. Materials degration was evaluated by weight loss and surface replica electron microscopic techniques. High lead and arsenic‐selenium‐sulfur glasses are found to be unsuitable materials for implantation due to high corrosion and toxicity. Certain borosilicate glasses are also found unacceptable because of severe corrosion. Fused quartz, aluminosilicates, certain borosilicates, alkali resistant glass, soda‐lime glass, titania frit, arsenic trisulfide, lithium and magnesium aluminosilicate, glass‐ceramics, and calcium‐fluorapatite all appear to be well tolerated and seem acceptable for soft tissue implantation on the basis of the present data. Because of the lack of sensitivity of weight change as a parameter to measure low corrosion rates, we have no data on which to estimate the actual corrosion rate. The detailed changes in surface structurte produced during the corrosion process only provide information about the corrosion mechanism and may not be correlated with the corrosion rate. A more sensitive method to study low corrosion rates in glasses may be to use radioactive tracer techniques to measure the loss in radioactivity of glasses when implanted in the peritoneal cavity rather than subcutaneously.
Multiple Interfaces and Provisioning Domains Problem Statement (2011)

This document describes issues encountered by a node attached to multiple provisioning domains.This node receives configuration information from each of its provisioning domains, where some configuration objects are global to the node and others are local to the interface.Issues such as selecting the wrong interface to send traffic happen when conflicting node-scoped configuration objects are received and inappropriately used.Moreover, other issues are the result of simultaneous attachment to multiple networks, such as domain selection or addressing and naming space overlaps, regardless of the provisioning mechanism.While multiple provisioning domains are typically seen on nodes with multiple interfaces, this document also discusses situations involving single-interface nodes.
Helicase action of dnaB protein during replication from the Escherichia coli chromosomal origin in vitro. (1987)

Initiation of bidirectional replication from the origin of the Escherichia coli chromosome (oriC) proceeds through stages in which the components of the two replication forks are assembled. From a complex containing proteins dnaA, dnaB, and dnaC bound at oriC, the dnaB helicase moves in both directions to unwind the duplex. In the absence of replication, this unwinding generates a bubble at oriC coated by single strand binding protein. Addition of gyrase allows unwinding to proceed extensively in both directions from oriC at 60 base pairs/s/fork at 37 degrees C. This rate is sharply dependent on temperature and also stimulated by both primase and DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, even in the absence of DNA synthesis. Primer and DNA synthesis are efficient when coupled to template unwinding. DNA synthesis proceeds bidirectionally from oriC at a rate limited by unwinding. With extensive unwinding preceding DNA synthesis, initiations are not limited to oriC.
Induction of suppressor T cells by monoclonal anti-idiotope antibody in strains of mice not expressing the idiotope in hyperimmune serum. (1983)

A monoclonal antibody, reactive with an idiotope present on some but not all A/J anti-azobenzenearsonate antibodies bearing the cross-reactive idiotype, was used to induce suppressor T cells. These cells suppressed the effector phase of the delayed hypersensitivity response to ABA but not to oxazolone. They could be enriched on dishes coated with ABA but not with trinitrophenylated human gamma-globulin, and the enrichment could be blocked by the anti-idiotope. Suppressor activity was also enhanced by first incubating T cells with the anti-idiotope and then collecting immunoglobulin-coated cells on dishes coated with anti-mouse immunoglobulin. The suppressor cells could be induced in A/J and CBA mice, even though hyperimmune CBA mice did not produce antibodies bearing this idiotope.
Free-space transmission with passive 2D beam steering for multi-gigabit-per-second per-beam indoor optical wireless networks (2016)

In order to circumvent radio spectrum congestion, we propose an innovative system which can provide multiple infrared optical wireless beams simultaneously where each beam supports multi-gigabit-per-second communication. Scalable two-dimensional beam steering by means of wavelength tuning is proposed. A passive beam-steering module constructed with cascaded reflection gratings is designed for simultaneous multi-user coverage. We experimentally characterized the beam-steered system and thoroughly evaluated the performance of steered channels using the spectrally efficient and robust discrete multitone modulation in a bandwidth-limited system deploying 10 GHz telecom transceivers. This study reports the achievement of at least 37 Gbps free-space transmission per beam over a distance of up to 2 m over 5.61° × 12.66° scanning angles.
Multilayer graphene nanoribbon for 3D stacking of the transistor channel (2009)

The graphene nanoribbon (GNR) transistor suffers from the problem of a low on-current due to the nanometer-wide channel. In this work, a self-consistent atomistic simulation is performed to explore the possibility of boosting the ballistic on-current of the GNRFET by using the experimentally accessible multilayer GNR, which provides a natural structure for 3D stacking of the transistor channel. The effects of the number of graphene layers and interlayer coupling strength are studied under different gating technologies. Only limited improvement of the on-current can be achieved with a typical bottom gate because of the small gate insulator capacitance. With a high-¿ gate, the improvement of the multilayer channel, however, is significant. Reducing the interlayer coupling can further increase the on-current by a factor of 2 for a 5-layer GNR channel.
Hair as the sample in assessing morphine and cocaine addiction. (1981)

Journal Article Hair as the sample in assessing morphine and cocaine addiction. Get access D Valente, D Valente Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Cassini, M Cassini Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Pigliapochi, M Pigliapochi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G Vansetti G Vansetti Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 27, Issue 11, 1 November 1981, Pages 1952–1953, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/27.11.1952 Published: 01 November 1981
Multi-surface, multi-object optimal image segmentation (2010)

A novel method called LOGISMOS – Layered Optimal Graph Image Segmentation of Multiple Objects and Surfaces – for simultaneous segmentation of multiple interacting surfaces belonging to multiple interacting objects is reported. The approach is based on representation of the multiple inter-relationships in a single n-dimensional graph, followed by graph optimization that yields a globally optimal solution. Three major contributions for LOGISMOS are made and illustrated in this thesis: 1) multi-object multi-surface optimal surface detection graph design, 2) implementation of a novel and reliable cross-object surface mapping technique and 3) pattern recognition-based graph cost design. The LOGISMOS method’s utility and performance are demonstrated on a kneejoint bone and cartilage segmentation task. Although trained on only a small number of nine example images, this system achieved good performance as judged by Dice Similarity Coefficients (DSC) using a leave-one-out test, with DSC values of 0.84 ± 0.04, 0.80±0.04 and 0.80±0.04 for the femoral, tibial, and patellar cartilage regions, respectively. These are excellent values of DSC considering the narrow-sheet character of the cartilage regions. Similarly, very low signed mean cartilage thickness errors were observed when compared to manually-traced independent standard in 60 randomly selected 3D MR image datasets from the Osteoarthritis Initiative database – 0.11 ± 0.24, 0.05 ± 0.23, and 0.03 ± 0.17 mm for the femoral, tibial, and patellar cartilage thickness, respectively. The average signed surface positioning error for the 6 detected surfaces ranged from 0.04±0.12 mm to 0.16±0.22 mm, while the unsigned surface positioning error ranged from 0.22±0.07 mm to 0.53±0.14 mm. The reported LOGISMOS framework provides robust and accurate segmentation of the knee joint bone and cartilage surfaces of the femur, tibia, and patella. As a general segmentation tool, the developed framework can be applied to a broad range of multi-object multi-surface segmentation problems.
Effects of temperature on Escherichia coli overproducing beta-lactamase or human epidermal growth factor (1990)

The effects of temperature on strains of Escherichia coli which overproduce and excrete either beta-lactamase or human epidermal growth factor were investigated. E. coli RB791 cells containing plasmid pKN which has the tac promoter upstream of the gene for beta-lactamase were grown and induced with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside in batch culture at 37, 30, 25, and 20 degrees C. The lower temperature greatly reduced the formation of periplasmic beta-lactamase inclusion bodies, increased significantly the total amount of beta-lactamase activity, and increased the purity of extracellular beta-lactamase from approximately 45 to 90%. Chemostat operation at 37 and 30 degrees C was difficult due to poor cell reproduction and beta-lactamase production. However, at 20 degrees C, continuous production and excretion of beta-lactamase were obtained for greater than 450 h (29 generations). When the same strain carried plasmid pCU encoding human epidermal growth factor, significant cell lysis was observed after induction at 31 and 37 degrees C, whereas little cell lysis was observed at 21 and 25 degrees C. Both total soluble and total human epidermal growth factor increased with decreasing temperature. These results indicate that some of the problems of instability of strains producing high levels of plasmid-encoded proteins can be mitigated by growth at lower temperatures. Further, lower temperatures can increase for at least some secreted proteins both total plasmid-encoded protein formed and the fraction that is soluble.
Odor identification by males and females: predictions vs performance (1982)

More than 200 males and females estimated the identifiability of 80 common odorous objects (e.g., chocolate, beer, mustard, rubber). The two genders agreed rather closely in their estimates. The groups also agreed closely in their relative judgements of whether males or females could identify the objects better. Both groups anticipated that males would be superior for only a small number of substances, mainly substances that seem stereotypically ‘male’ (e.g., cigar butts, beer, machine oil). The groups anticipated female superiority for not only stereotypically ‘female’ substances (e.g., Ivory soap, Johnson's baby powder, nail polish remover), but also for virtually all foods, including foods presumably consumed equally by both sexes (e.g., potato chips, Juicy Fruit gum, grape drink). The results suggested the existence of a second stereotype, namely that females will be superior at identifying all substances not clearly in the male domain. An experiment that explored the performance of 46 males and females over five sessions revealed general female superiority. The superiority extended to odors considered ‘male’. Males seemed educable and could apparently overcome their disadvantage eventually with merely some help in the retrieval of odor names. Blockage of retrieval seems a strong limiting factor in odor identification for females as well as for males. Irrespective of gender, when persons have the veridical name of a well-known odor made available by one or another means, they exhibit considerable talent at identifying objects by smell.
The Stator Voltage-Controlled Current Source Inverter Induction Motor Drive (1982)

The steady-state and dynamic performance of a stator voltage-controlled current source inverter (CSI) induction motor drive are presented. Commutation effects are neglected and the analytical results are based on the fundamental component. A synchronously rotating reference frame linearized model in terms of a set of nondimensional parameters, based on the rotor transient time constant, is developed. It is shown that the control scheme is capable of stabilizing the drive over a region identical to the statically stable region of a conventional voltage-fed induction motor. A simple approximate expression for the drive dominant poles under no-load conditions and graphical representations of the drive dynamics under load conditions are presented. The effect of parameter variations on the drive dynamic response can be evaluated from these results. An analog simulation of the drive is developed, and the results confirm the small signal analysis of the drive system. In addition the steady-state results of the analog simulation are compared with experimental results, as well as with corresponding values obtained from a stator referred equivalent circuit. The comparison indicates good correspondence under load conditions and the limitation of applying the equivalent circuit for no-load conditions without proper recognition of the system losses.
Interference of surface plasmons and Smith-Purcell emission probed by angle-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (2015)

We investigate the interplay between geometrical lattice resonances and surface plasmons mediating the emission of Smith-Purcell visible light via angle-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. We observe strong modulations in the dispersion curves of Smith-Purcell radiation (SPR) when they intersect the surface plasmons of silver gratings using a 200-kV transmission electron microscope. The decay of the plasmons away from the grating is directly probed by controlling the electron-beam position relative to the sample surface with nanometer precision. Our measurements are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations, clearly revealing the presence of characteristic Fano profiles resulting from the interference of the light continuum and the discrete plasmon states for each direction of emission. The intensity anomaly in the SPR emission pattern can be well explained from the geometrical consideration of the intersections between the dispersion planes of the SPR and surface plasmon polariton (SPP). A strong and directional SPR beam can be realized under the condition that the SPR dispersion plane comes in contact with the band edge of the SPP dispersion plane.
An Analytical Framework and Its Applications for Studying Brick Storage Reliability (2007)

The reliability of a large-scale storage system is influenced by a complex set of inter-dependent factors. This paper presents a comprehensive and extensible analytical framework that offers quantitative answers to many design tradeoffs. We apply the framework to a number of important design strategies that a designer and/or administrator must face in reality, including topology-aware replica placement, proactive replication that uses small background network bandwidth and unused disk space to create additional copies. We also quantify the impact of slow (but potentially more accurate) failure detection and lazy replacement of failed disks. We use detailed simulation to verify and refine our analytical model. These results demonstrate the versatility of the framework and serve as a solid step towards more quantitative studies of fundamental system tradeoffs between reliability, performance, and cost in large-scale distributed storage systems.
Efficacy of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser in Removing Smear Layer and Debris with Two Different Output Powers (2014)

This study raises questions about the overall cleaning abilities of Er,Cr:YSGG lasers.