gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mature liver stages of cloned <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> share epitopes with proteins from sporozoites and asexual blood stages (1988)

The liver merozoites of malaria parasites are of paramount importance, as they initiate the parasite invasion of red blood cells and start the cycle associated with the clinical features of malaria. Investigating liver merozoite antigen is difficult because of the lack of a rodent model of human malaria. In addition, only a low proportion of cells are obtained in vivo, the parasites from Cebus and Aotus monkeys are immature, and in-vitro experiments with liver cells are often confounded by contamination with the natural mosquito flora copurified with the sporozoites used for seeding the liver cultures. In our study, mature liver schizonts were shown to possess many of the antigenic determinants recognized by MoAbs and sera specific for defined sporozoite and blood-stage antigens. We employed an immunofluorescence procedure based on evaluating parasites in cryosections prepared from infected chimpanzee liver. Sufficient numbers of sectioned parasites were evaluated with each antibody to assure the reproducibility of the results, and the fixation procedure used was sufficiently non-destructive to parasite antigens so that clear differences between reactions of specific antibodies and negative controls were observed. Our evidence for sharing of epitopes by liver merozoites and sporozoites or by liver merozoites and asexual blood-stage parasites raises the possibility that immune responses elicited against sporozoites or asexual stage antigens being considered as vaccine candidates may also act against this important, little-studied stage of the parasite.
THE ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS OF DENATURED DNA REACTIVE WITH LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS SERUM (1962)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Measurement of deformation of canine epicardium in vivo during cardiac cycle (1980)

A new accurate method to determine the deformation of the epicardial surface during the cardiac cycle in vivo is described. Epicardial deformation is determined by a circumferential strain, a base-to-apex strain, and a shear angle. In the measuring setup, one magnetic field-generating coil (MFGC) and two sensor coils are attached to the epicardium, thus forming an approximately right-angled triangle with the MFGC at the right-angled corner and the sides containing the right angle, parallel to the circumferential and base-to-apex direction, respectively. The MFGC generates a magnetic field that rotates around the axis of the coil. The strength of that field decreases with increasing distance. Both strains and the shear angle are derived from the amplitudes of the voltages induced in the sensor coils and their phase difference. In the experimental situation the accuracy of the measurement of strain and shear angle is +/- 0.005 and +/- 1 degree, respectively. The device has a frequency response of 100 Hz (-3 dB) and practically no zero drift. In four open-chest dogs during left ventricular ejection, circumferential natural strain, base-to-apex natural strain, and shear angle at the epicardium of the left ventricular free wall ranged from -0.06 to -0.13, from -0.02 to -0.08, and from 6.8 degrees to 11.5 degrees, respectively.
Monitoring temporal development and healing of diabetic foot ulceration using hyperspectral imaging (2011)

This study combines non-invasive hyperspectral imaging with an experimentally validated skin optical model and inverse algorithm to monitor diabetic feet of two representative patients. It aims to observe temporal changes in local epidermal thickness and oxyhemoglobin concentration and to gain insight into the progression of foot ulcer formation and healing. Foot ulceration is a debilitating comorbidity of diabetes that may result in loss of mobility and amputation. Inflammation and necrosis preempt ulceration and can result in changes in the skin prior to ulceration and during ulcer healing that affect oxygen delivery and consumption. Previous studies estimated oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations around pre-ulcerative and ulcer sites on the diabetic foot using commercially available hyperspectral imaging systems. These measurements were successfully used to detect tissue at risk of ulceration and predict the healing potential of ulcers. The present study shows epidermal thickening and decrease in oxyhemoglobin concentration can also be detected prior to ulceration at pre-ulcerative sites. The algorithm was also able to observe reduction in the epidermal thickness combined with an increase in oxyhemoglobin concentration around the ulcer as it healed and closed. This methodology can be used for early prediction of diabetic foot ulceration in a clinical setting.
Engineering Web Applications with Java (2002)

Abstract In this article, is descussed the Java platform for developing Web applications and briefly compared with alternative technologies. An overview on software architectures for Web applications is given. How to use Java technologies for developing components for the architecture are detailed. To conclude, problems resulting from platform incompatibilities and issues around the software development process and security are descussed. Comprehensive code examples for the technologies discussed in this article are available.
A simple real-time wavemeter for pulsed lasers (1991)

A simple and easy-to-operate real-time wavemeter that can discern the 10 Hz wavelength jitter of a pulsed laser is constructed. Only a single set of solid fused silica etalon and a 1024-channel diode array is needed to detect the wavelength jitters for various lasers. An optical fibre is used for easy alignment and operation without uncovering the wavemeter for various light sources. A method of determining the centre of an asymmetric etalon fringe, which sometimes has an ambiguous peak and is likely to change in intensity, is discussed in detail. The wavemeter is used to detect the relative wavelength change of a scanning dye laser, an injection-seeded Nd-YAG laser and a commercial He-Ne laser, and is tested by an iodine-stabilized He-Ne laser. The results are analysed and discussed in relation to the characteristics of the lasers and the capabilities of the wavemeter.
Distributed Garbage Collection Algorithms for Timestamped Data (2006)

There is an important class of interactive multimedia applications that deals with stream data from distributed sources. Indexing the data temporally facilitates ordering individual streams as well as correlating items from different streams. The Stampede programming system organizes stream data into channels that are distributed and synchronized data structures that contain timestamped items. A stampede program is a data flow graph of threads and channels. Stampede semantics for channels allow concurrent access from multiple threads for input and output. While a channel holds timestamped items, the semantics do not place any restriction on either the production or consumption order of these items. Furthermore, timestamps of items in a channel need not be contiguous. These flexibilities are required due to the dynamic and parallel structure of stream-oriented applications targeted by the stampede system. Under such circumstances, a key issue is the "garbage collection" (GC) of channel items. In this paper, we present and compare three different GC algorithms: 1) REF is a simple algorithm that keeps a reference count on individual items; 2) TGC is a distributed algorithm for computing a global low watermark for timestamp values of interest in the entire application; 3) DGC is another distributed algorithm that uses information about the dependencies between the producers and consumers of data streams to compute a low water mark local to each node of the data flow graph. DGC can simultaneously eliminate garbage from channels and unneeded computations from threads, in tests performed using an interactive application, DGC enjoys nearly 30 percent reduction in the application memory footprint, compared, to TGC and REF. DGC and REF are also shown to be more scalable compared to TGC
In vivo requirement of the α-syntrophin PDZ domain for the sarcolemmal localization of nNOS and aquaporin-4 (2001)

alpha-Syntrophin is a scaffolding adapter protein expressed primarily on the sarcolemma of skeletal muscle. The COOH-terminal half of alpha-syntrophin binds to dystrophin and related proteins, leaving the PSD-95, discs-large, ZO-1 (PDZ) domain free to recruit other proteins to the dystrophin complex. We investigated the function of the PDZ domain of alpha-syntrophin in vivo by generating transgenic mouse lines expressing full-length alpha-syntrophin or a mutated alpha-syntrophin lacking the PDZ domain (Delta PDZ). The Delta PDZ alpha-syntrophin displaced endogenous alpha- and beta 1-syntrophin from the sarcolemma and resulted in sarcolemma containing little or no syntrophin PDZ domain. As a consequence, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and aquaporin-4 were absent from the sarcolemma. However, the sarcolemmal expression and distribution of muscle sodium channels, which bind the alpha-syntrophin PDZ domain in vitro, were not altered. Both transgenic mouse lines were bred with an alpha-syntrophin-null mouse which lacks sarcolemmal nNOS and aquaporin-4. The full-length alpha-syntrophin, not the Delta PDZ form, reestablished nNOS and aquaporin-4 at the sarcolemma of these mice. Genetic crosses with the mdx mouse showed that neither transgenic syntrophin could associate with the sarcolemma in the absence of dystrophin. Together, these data show that the sarcolemmal localization of nNOS and aquaporin-4 in vivo depends on the presence of a dystrophin-bound alpha-syntrophin PDZ domain.
Specificities of Three Distinct Human Chondroitin/Dermatan N-Acetylgalactosamine 4-O-Sulfotransferases Demonstrated Using Partially Desulfated Dermatan Sulfate as an Acceptor (2003)

4-O-Sulfation of GalNAc is a high frequency modification of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate (DS), and three major GalNAc 4-O-sulfotransferases including dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST-1) and chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferases-1 and -2 (C4ST-1 and -2) have been identified. 4-O-Sulfation of GalNAc during DS biosynthesis had long been postulated to be a prerequisite for iduronic acid (IdoUA) formation by C5-epimerization of GlcUA. This hypothesis has recently been argued based on enzymological studies using microsomes that C5-epimerization precedes 4-O-sulfation, which was further supported by the specificity of the cloned D4ST-1 with predominant preference for IdoUA-GalNAc flanked by GlcUA-GalNAc over IdoUA-GalNAc flanked by IdoUA-GalNAc in exhaustively desulfated dermatan. Whereas the counterproposal explains the initial reactions, apparently it cannot rationalize the synthetic mechanism of IdoUA-GalNAc(4-O-sulfate)-rich clusters typical of mature DS chains. In this study, we examined detailed specificities of the three recombinant human 4-O-sulfotransferases using partially desulfated DS as an acceptor. Enzymatic analysis of the transferase reaction products showed that D4ST-1 far more efficiently transferred sulfate to GalNAc residues in -IdoUA-Gal-NAc-IdoUA-than in -GlcUA-GalNAc-GlcUA-sequences. In contrast, C4ST-1 showed the opposite preference, and C4ST-2 used GalNAc residues in both sequences to comparable degrees, being consistent with its phylogenetic relations to D4ST-1 and C4ST-1. Structural analysis of the oligosaccharides, which were isolated after chondroitinase AC-I digestion of the 35S-labeled transferase reaction products, revealed for the first time that D4ST-1, as compared with C4ST-1 and C4ST-2, most efficiently utilized GalNAc residues located not only in the sequence -IdoUA-GalNAc-IdoUA- but also in -GlcUA-Gal-NAc-IdoUA- and -IdoUA-GalNAc-GlcUA-. The isolated oligosaccharide structures also suggest that 4-O-sulfation promotes subsequent 4-O-sulfation of GalNAc in the neighboring disaccharide unit.
A stressful life (or death): Combinatorial proteotoxic approaches to cancer-selective therapeutic vulnerability (2011)

Paul Workman 1 and Faith E. Davies 2 1 Signal Transduction and Molecular Pharmacology Team, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Haddow Laboratories, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG UK 2 Myeloma Targeted Treatment Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology, Clinical Studies & Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Brookes Lawley Building, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG UK Commentary on: Neznanov, N., Komarov, A., Neznanova, L., Stanhope-Baker, P., & Gudkov, A. (2011). Proteotoxic stress targeted therapy (PSTT): induction of protein misfolding enhances the antitumor effect of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. Oncotarget, 2(3), 209-221. Received: April 21, 2011; Accepted: April 21, 2011; Published: April 21, 2011; Correspondence: Paul Workman, e-mail: // Faith E Davies, e-mail: // //
Non-Fibrillar β-Amyloid Protein is Associated with Smooth Muscle Cells of Vessel Walls in Alzheimer Disease (1994)

Meningeal blood vessels were studied in Alzheimer disease (AD) and control brain specimens obtained from autopsies within 16 hours after death. Serial sections were stained with thioflavine S and Congo red and immunostained for the presence of beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta PP) and beta-protein and for smooth muscle-specific proteins myosin, alpha-actin, and desmin. Isolated blood vessels were studied by immunoblotting for the presence of beta PP, fragments of beta PP, and beta-protein. The arteries that were strongly immunopositive for beta-protein in all layers of the walls were also positive for amyloid fibrils on thioflavine S and Congo red stainings. The focal immunostaining for beta-protein in less affected vessels was located in the tunica media in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle cells or formed granules between myocytes. The cytoplasmic beta-protein and some of the small deposits present between cells were negative for amyloid fibrils. The vessels isolated from specimens containing beta-protein-immunoreactive material contained 3 kD, 4.2-4.5 kD, 8.5-9 kD, and 17.5 kD beta-protein-immunoreactive bands. These bands were not found in the samples assessed as beta-protein-negative by immunocytochemistry. These data indicate that during formation of amyloid in AD vessel walls, nonfibrillar, monomeric, and oligomeric beta-protein accumulate.
Concurrent Queues: Practical Fetch-and-Phi Algorithms. (1987)

Abstract : With the growing use of multiprocessors, data structures that support concurrent operations have become increasingly important. In particular, algorithms and data structures for efficient implementation of concurrent queues have generated interest since operating systems heavily use queueing structures. Existing algorithms for managing concurrent queues all have drawbacks for practical implementation and use. This paper presents two practical implementations of a concurrent queue of unbounded length using fetch-and-phi primitives (a class of atomic read-modify-write operations) and argues their correctness. The first implementation provides wait-free enqueues with unbounded concurrency, although dequeues possess an inherently sequential component. The second implementation provides greater parallelism than existing algorithms and allows the user to trade space for potential parallelism. Both implementations satisfy the strong correctness criterion of linearizability whereas existing algorithms with similiar properties do not.
Meter placement for real-time monitoring of distribution feeders (1996)

This paper identifies the data requirements for real-time monitoring and control of distribution systems. It points out that in addition to having supervisory control and data acquisition on switches and control equipment, methods are needed to obtain an accurate estimation of data needed for feeder automation functions. A meter placement method is proposed for this purpose. It is shown that the measurements from such a metering scheme can be used with a state estimator to provide the real-time data needed for real-time monitoring of a distribution system.
Analysis of Distributed Congestion Control in Cellular Vehicle-to-everything Networks (2019)

Cellular Vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication has been proposed in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project release 14 standard to address the latency and reliability requirements of cooperative safety applications. Such applications can involve highly congested vehicular scenarios where the network experiences high data loads. Thus, a sophisticated congestion control solution is vital in order to maintain the network performance required for safety-related applications. With the aid of our high-fidelity link-level network simulator, we investigate the feasibility of implementing the distributed congestion control algorithm specified in SAE J2945/1 standard on top of the C-V2X stack. We describe our implementation and evaluate the performance of transmission rate and range control mechanisms using relevant metrics. Additionally, we identify areas for potential design enhancements and further investigation.
A Survey on Track Fusion for Radar Target Tracking (2008)

An architecture for multiple radar tracking systems can be broadly categorized according to the methods in which the tracking functions are performed : central-level tracking and distributed tracking. In the central-level tracking, target tracking is performed using observations from all radar systems. This architecture provides optimal solution to target tracking. In distributed tracking, tracking is performed at each radar system and the composite track information is formed through track fusion integrating multiple radar-level tracks. Track-to-track fusion and track-to-track association are required to perform in this architecture. In this paper, issues and recent research on the two tracking architectures are surveyed.
Location and orientation of adsorbed molecules in zeolites from solid-state REAPDOR NMR (2005)

The use of rotational echo adiabatic passage double resonance (REAPDOR) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to determine the site location of an adsorbed polar molecule in a zeolite cage is presented. Nitrogen-15 labeled ammonia is used as a probe molecule to characterize the initial adsorption site in 3A zeolite molecular sieves. The relative position of the ammonia adsorption site in the cage is determined by measuring the internuclear distance between the N on ammonia and both a Na cation site and an Al framework environment using 15N/23Na and 15N/27Al REAPDOR NMR experiments, respectively. The measured internuclear distances are similar to a specific ammonia adsorption site for the zeolite 4A ammonia sorption complex located using X-ray diffraction. Additional details regarding the ammonia hydrogen-bonding environment can be extracted from 1H/23Na and 1H/27Al REAPDOR NMR measurements.
Protective Action of ppGpp in Microcin J25-Sensitive Strains (2008)

As Escherichia coli strains enter the stationary phase of growth they become more resistant to the peptide antibiotic microcin J25. It is known that starvation for nutrients such as amino acids or glucose leads to increases in guanosine 3',5'-bispyrophosphate (ppGpp) levels and that the intracellular concentration of this nucleotide increases as cells enter the stationary phase of growth. Therefore, we examined the effects of artificially manipulating the ppGpp levels on sensitivity to microcin J25. A direct correlation was found between ppGpp accumulation and microcin resistance. Our results indicate that the nucleotide is required to induce production of YojI, a chromosomally encoded efflux pump which, in turn, expels microcin from cells. This would maintain the intracellular level of the antibiotic below a toxic level.
On-farm applications of solar energy. (1980)

The solar energy used by photosynthesis must be supplemented with additional energy in order to maintain a highly productive agriculture. Petroleum energy, which supplies most of the energy for production agriculture appears to be nearing depletion. Approximately half of the energy requirement is for stationary uses, such as environmental temperature and humidity control, crop drying, water heating, and irrigation. Energy for all these, especially the first three may be supplied by solar energy. Much of the technology is available to make the applications now, but economic feasibility may depend upon additional increase in the cost of fossil fuel energy. In most areas, additional research is needed to reduce the gap between present system costs and economic feasibility, especially for those uses which are highly seasonal in nature.
Effect of spent turmeric on kidney glycoconjugates in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (2014)

These results clearly indicate beneficial role of spent turmeric in controlling glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins and heparan sulfate related kidney complications during diabetes.
Metasurface Integrated Microbolometers (2019)

This study reports on the integration of metasurfaces with microbolometers to provide spectral and/or polarized Long Wave Infrared selectivity. Metal antenna elements are in direct contact with Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x-y</sub> based microbolometers and modify the electrical/noise performance of the device in addition to engineering the electromagnetic response.
CINNOLINE CHEMISTRY. III. SUBSTITUTED 4-CINNOLYL-ACETONITRILES<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCINNOLINE CHEMISTRY. III. SUBSTITUTED 4-CINNOLYL-ACETONITRILES1RAYMOND N. CASTLE and DAVID B. COXCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 7, 1117–1123Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01372a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01372a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts