gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Private Equity Goes Retail (2007)

[Excerpt] The past few years have brought record-setting merger and acquisition activity in just about every industry across the board. Private equity firms, known for their pioneering efforts in creating exceptional returns, have been the most active investors in this frenzy. Due to increased competition with hedge funds and institutional investors, private equity shops have been pushed to search high and low in order to meet investor expectations. So while creativity with respect to deal structuring and sourcing has become essential for survival in the private equity business, there has also been a natural progression towards more complicated and risky transactions. The retail sector, an industry segment originally seen as risky territory, has increasingly come under the spotlight during this phenomenon. Ripe with a number of struggling public companies—most of which have significant real estate holdings—it is no surprise that private equity has shown a greater interest in this sector.
Experiments with background gas in a vacuum arc centrifuge (1996)

A vacuum arc centrifuge has been operated with an initial filling gas of either argon or hydrogen for pressures ranging from 10/sup -3/ to 10/sup -1/ Pa. The angular velocity /spl omega/ of the plasma has been determined by cross-correlating the signals from potential probes, and the electron temperature T has been deduced from Langmuir probe data. At high gas pressures and early times during the 14 ms plasma lifetime, high-frequency nonuniformities frequently observed in the vacuum discharge disappear, suggesting that the associated instability is suppressed. Under the same conditions, nonuniformities rotating with much lower angular velocities are observed in the plasma. Temperatures are reduced in the presence of the background gas, and the theoretical figure of merit for separation proportional to /spl omega//sup 2//T is increased compared to its value in the vacuum discharge for both argon and hydrogen gas fillings.
Primary structure of the deoxyguanosine triphosphate triphosphydrolase-encoding gene (dgt) of Escherichia coli (1990)

The complete nucleotide sequence has been determined for a 2027-bp region that encompasses the structural gene (dgt) encoding deoxyguanosine triphosphate triphosphohydrolase (dGTPase) from Escherichia coli. The gene resides between the htrA and dapD loci at 3.75-3.8' on the bacterial chromosome. Using homologous recombination in a recD recipient, a dgt- bacterial strain was constructed that was deficient in producing functional dGTPase. Comparison of dGTP pools in this and other strains revealed that dGTPase synthesized in vivo does to some degree modulate the level of dGTP in the bacterial cell, yet the magnitude of this modulation may be insufficient to explain the physiological function of dGTPase.
Short-Term Solar Irradiance Forecasting Model Based on Artificial Neural Network Using Statistical Feature Parameters (2012)

Short-term solar irradiance forecasting (STSIF) is of great significance for the optimal operation and power predication of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) plants. However, STSIF is very complex to handle due to the random and nonlinear characteristics of solar irradiance under changeable weather conditions. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is suitable for STSIF modeling and many research works on this topic are presented, but the conciseness and robustness of the existing models still need to be improved. After discussing the relation between weather variations and irradiance, the characteristics of the statistical feature parameters of irradiance under different weather conditions are figured out. A novel ANN model using statistical feature parameters (ANN-SFP) for STSIF is proposed in this paper. The input vector is reconstructed with several statistical feature parameters of irradiance and ambient temperature. Thus sufficient information can be effectively extracted from relatively few inputs and the model complexity is reduced. The model structure is determined by cross-validation (CV), and the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LMA) is used for the network training. Simulations are carried out to validate and compare the proposed model with the conventional ANN model using historical data series (ANN-HDS), and the results indicated that the forecast accuracy is obviously improved under variable weather conditions.
Secretion of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Killer Toxin: Processing of the Glycosylated Precursor (1983)

Killer toxin secretion was blocked at the restrictive temperature in Saccharomyces cerevisiae sec mutants with conditional defects in the S. cerevisiae secretory pathway leading to accumulation of endoplasmic reticulum (sec18), Golgi (sec7), or secretory vesicles (sec1). A 43,000-molecular-weight (43K) glycosylated protoxin was found by pulse-labeling in all sec mutants at the restrictive temperature. In sec18 the protoxin was stable after a chase; but in sec7 and sec1 the protoxin was unstable, and in sec1 11K toxin was detected in cell lysates. The chymotrypsin inhibitor tosyl-l-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) blocked toxin secretion in vivo in wild-type cells by inhibiting protoxin cleavage. The unstable protoxin in wild-type and in sec7 and sec1 cells at the restrictive temperature was stabilized by TPCK, suggesting that the protoxin cleavage was post-sec18 and was mediated by a TPCK-inhibitable protease. Protoxin glycosylation was inhibited by tunicamycin, and a 36K protoxin was detected in inhibited cells. This 36K protoxin was processed, but toxin secretion was reduced 10-fold. We examined two kex mutants defective in toxin secretion; both synthesized a 43K protoxin, which was stable in kex1 but unstable in kex2. Protoxin stability in kex1 kex2 double mutants indicated the order kex1 → kex2 in the protoxin processing pathway. TPCK did not block protoxin instability in kex2 mutants. This suggested that the KEX1- and KEX2-dependent steps preceded the sec7 Golgi block. We attempted to localize the protoxin in S. cerevisiae cells. Use of an in vitro rabbit reticulocyte-dog pancreas microsomal membrane system indicated that protoxin synthesized in vitro could be inserted into and glycosylated by the microsomal membranes. This membrane-associated protoxin was protected from trypsin proteolysis. Pulse-chased cells or spheroplasts, with or without TPCK, failed to secrete protoxin. The protoxin may not be secreted into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, but may remain membrane associated and may require endoproteolytic cleavage for toxin secretion.
V AN EXPERIMENT OF COOPERATION BETWEEN A Common Pleas Court and Ministers (1948)

ABSTRACT A suitable correlation can be made to represent the simulated distillation of heavy oils starting from thennoaravimetric measurements. This method is applicable to hydrocarbons having an initial boiling point equal or greater than 200°C. The simulated thermogravimetric distillation fit was obtained from experiments with the standard compounds obtained from ASTM D-2887-83 (Boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions by gas chromatography). This method is simple, fast and without problems when applied to heavy feedstocks The data were used in the determination of average boiling temperatures of products from thermal cracking and thermal hydrocracking. It was also possible to quantify coke yields Average relative molecular masses of products from the above processes correlated well with the average boiling point temperatures. It indicates that, with respect to the hydrocarbon types, thermal cracking is not selective in comparison with thermal hydrocracking The equation applied to find the average boiling temperature is following: T = (1/al) (Ttg-a2). T is the boiling temperature, al and a2 are the correction factors, Ttg is the thermogravimetric temperature.
Mechanical and Electrophysiological Effects of Some Local Anaesthetic Agents and Their Isomers on the Rat Portal Vein (1972)

Mechanical and electrophysiological effects of the DL, L and D‐forms of mepivacaine and bupivacaine and of the optically inactive compound tetracaine have been studied on the isolated rat portal vein. After the addition of the local anaesthetics to vessels in normal Krebs solution there was an initially increased spike activity accompanied by increased mechanical activity. L(+)‐mepivacaine was more potent than D(‐)‐mepivacaine in increasing the tension, but there was no significant difference between L(‐)‐and D(+)‐bupivacaine. After the initial contractile phase the tension decreased and disappeared despite continous spike activity. The relaxation appeared and proceeded faster with high than with low concentrations of local anaesthetics; the relaxations also proceeded faster in experiments with D(‐)‐mepivacaine than with L(+)‐mepivacaine. At a later stage the spike discharge was also blocked. In muscles that were contracted with K + or noradrenaline the local anaesthetics caused a relaxation. D(‐)‐mepivacaine was more potent than L(+)‐mepivacaine, but there was still no difference between L(‐)‐ and D(+)‐bupivacaine.
Comprehensive banking of sibling donor cord blood for children with malignant and nonmalignant disease (2002)

Banking of cord blood (CB) for unrelated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is well established. However, directed-donor banking of CB for siblings in a current good tissue practices (cGTP) environment has not previously been investigated. Families were eligible for the present study if they were caring for a child with a disorder treatable by HSC transplantation and expecting the birth of a full sibling. We devised standard operating procedures and policies to address eligibility, donor recruitment, donor and recipient evaluation, CB collection, shipping, graft characterization, storage, and release of CB from quarantine. Many of these policies are distinctly different from those established for unrelated-donor CB banks. We enrolled 540 families from 42 states. Collections occurred at several hundred different hospitals. No family was deferred on the basis of health history or infectious disease testing, but departures from standard donor suitability criteria were documented. Disease categories for sibling recipients included malignancy, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia major, nonmalignant hematological conditions, and metabolic errors. Mean CB volume (including anticoagulant) was 103.1 mL; mean nucleated cell count was 8.9 x 10(8). Cell dose exceeded 1.5 x 10(7) nucleated cells per kilogram for 90% of banked units. Seventeen units (3.4%) have been transplanted. Sixteen of the 17 CB allograft recipients had stable engraftment of donor cells. Remote-site collection of sibling donor CB can be accomplished with a high success rate and in a cGTP-guided environment. The cellular products have been used successfully for transplantation; their number and characteristics should be adequate to support the first prospective clinical investigations of sibling CB transplantation.
GaAs–Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>As heterostructure laser with separate optical and carrier confinement (1974)

Heterostructure injection lasers in which the GaAs active region is the center layer of a five-layer dielectric slab waveguide have been investigated. The GaAs active layer is bounded on each side by an AlxGa1−xAs layer to confine the carriers. The two outside layers which are AlyGa1−yAs(y &gt; x) confine the optical field. Lasers with this structure have been fabricated and room-temperature threshold current densities Jth300 as low as 650 A/cm2 have been obtained for 1-mm cavity lengths. Differential quantum efficiencies ηD for these separate optical and carrier confinement heterostructure (SCH) lasers were higher than generally encountered for double-heterostructure (DH) lasers with values as high as 65% for [inverted lazy s]300−μ−long cavities. The external quantum efficiency of several typical units was determined as a function of input current, and for one representative unit a maximum value of 39% was obtained at about four times Jth300. Emission in the fundamental TE mode was obtained for symmetrical structures with optical waveguide thicknesses in excess of 1 μ at currents many times Jth300. The angle of beam divergence perpendicular to the junction plane was found to depend on the thickness of the optical waveguide w with half-power point values varying from 51° to 33° for w between 0.8 and 1.56 μ. Calculation of the optical intensity distributions for the symmetrical SCH structure demonstrated the influence of the AlAs mole fraction and layer thickness on confinement of the optical intensity and suggest that it should be possible to achieve still lower threholds.
Motor shaft voltages and bearing currents and their reduction in multilevel medium-voltage PWM voltage-source-inverter drive applications (2000)

This paper presents test results on problems and solutions of motor shaft voltages and bearing currents in medium-voltage pulsewidth modulated (PWM) drive systems. Tests show that multilevel medium-voltage PWM voltage-source inverter drives can cause motor bearing currents, similar to a low-voltage PWM drives, even with one motor bearing insulated. Common-mode voltages generated as a result of PWM switching are observed on motor windings and capacitively coupled to the motor shaft, leading to bearing currents. Potential solutions, including altering common-mode circuitry, changing the grounding scheme, providing common-mode filtering, and grounding the motor shaft, are investigated. Test results on their effectiveness are presented.
Detecting events from continuous media by intermodal collaboration and knowledge use (2003)

We propose an event network, which is a structured representation oriented for the contents of continuous media, as well as present two methods of detecting events as the first step to construct the network. We deal with sports TV programs, considering American football as a case study. The first method is simple intermodal collaboration: linking between visual and linguistic (closed caption) streams. Using domain knowledge about state transitions of football games, the second method attempts to extract specific visual objects including the information about contents. The experimental results indicate that both methods are effective for event detection.
Fast-response power saver for induction motors (1979)

With control circuit, induction motors run more efficiently at light loads and respond to sudden load changes. It also anticipates power needs so that motor can respond instantly (to a load applied by a clutch, for example).
Quadtree traversal algorithms for pointer-based and depth-first representations (1988)

Simple top-down pointer-based quadtree traversal algorithms for four-neighbor traversal, eight-neighbor traversal, and connected-component labeling are proposed. It is shown that for this class of algorithms there exist efficient pointer-based representations that can require as little as 2N bytes, where N is total number of nodes in the tree. The algorithms can also be implemented using a depth-first quadtree representation, at the cost of additional nonrecursive walks over the data structure to locate the arbitrary sons of interior nodes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A comparative study of the cutaneous microflora of normal feet with low and high levels of odour (1988)

A comparison of the cutaneous microflora found on normal feet with varying levels of odour has been made. High population densities of staphylococci and aerobic coryneform bacteria predispose to foot odour. There was no association between odour and the carriage on feet of any particular micro-organism, including brevibacteria. All organisms isolated were screened for exoenzyme activity. Only staphylococci produced lipase (78% of the staphylococci), whereas 97% of micrococci, 68% of aerobic coryneform bacteria, 25% of staphylococci and 94% of propionibacteria produced proteinase. The ability to degrade callous was exhibited by 47% of micrococci, 24% of aerobic coryneforms and 17% of the staphylococci. Feet with high odour had significantly higher population densities of micro-organisms with the ability to produce these exoenzymes than feet with low odour. No association was observed between foot odour and the carriage of micro-organisms capable of producing methanethiol. A hypothesis for the role of micro-organisms in the production of foot odour is proposed.
Curve-Fitting Algorithms Versus Neural Networks When Applied for Estimation of Wavelength and Power in DWDM Systems (2005)

This paper is on optical performance monitors for applications in dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) communication systems. Two algorithms for estimation of central wavelength and signal power of DWDM channels, on the basis on raw measurement data provided by a low-resolution spectrometric transducer, are compared. The first algorithm is based on the use of a curve-fitting and constrained-optimization technique; the second on application of a superposition of simple feedforward neural networks. The comparison is carried out using semisynthetic data. Conclusions are drawn concerning the applicability of compared algorithms in engineering practice.
Automating inspection of aluminum circuit pattern of LSI wafers (1987)

Abstract An automatic inspection method of defects of aluminum‐circuit patterns (cuts, short‐circuits and other irregularities) formed on the top layer of multiple‐layer LSI wafers was studied. The defects in question are irregularities greater than half the pattern width, since the aluminum‐circuit patterns have relatively large irregularities along the boundaries of the patterns, and it is not necessary to detect them as defects. The wafers have multiple‐layer patterns consisting of aluminum and polysilicon, etc., and it is generally difficult to distinguish the aluminum‐circuit patterns alone from others. We found a method of detecting aluminum‐circuit pattern clearly by using bright‐field and dark‐field illumination (an illumination from a diagonal direction) simultaneously, and by making the intensity of the latter stronger. A method of detecting defects of a pattern was also examined in which a pair of patterns is compared and their mismatching is regarded as a defect. A pattern‐matching error‐detection method was developed. In this method, a position of patterns which makes the integration of the logic exclusive‐or sum minimum is measured in real time. A method of aligning a pair of patterns was also developed. The detection of defects having the size of 1 μm (3 pixels) was achieved by detecting a mismatching part of asymmetrical shapes in the two patterns which are aligned.
PHOTOSENSITIZERS IN DERMATOLOGY* (1987)

Systemic injection of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) in contribution with visible light (red or blue-green) delivered by laser was used to treat a patient with psoriasis. The psoriatic lesions responded vigorously to laser treatments, forming eschars by 1 week post irradiation. In contrast, only minimal erythema was observed in the noninvolved, clinically normal appearing skin. Two approaches for localized HpD administration were investigated in the guinea-pig and minipig models as a means of achieving local photodynamic effects. Intracutaneous injection of HpD produced localized cutaneous photosensitization with either UVA or red light. Azone increased percutaneous penetration of HpD in human skin in vitro. Topical application of HpD and irradiation with UVA produced localized cutaneous photosensitivity and inhibition of epidermal DNA synthesis.
The Dynamics of Supply and Demand in mRNA Translation (2011)

We study the elongation stage of mRNA translation in eukaryotes and find that, in contrast to the assumptions of previous models, both the supply and the demand for tRNA resources are important for determining elongation rates. We find that increasing the initiation rate of translation can lead to the depletion of some species of aa-tRNA, which in turn can lead to slow codons and queueing. Particularly striking "competition" effects are observed in simulations of multiple species of mRNA which are reliant on the same pool of tRNA resources. These simulations are based on a recent model of elongation which we use to study the translation of mRNA sequences from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. This model includes the dynamics of the use and recharging of amino acid tRNA complexes, and we show via Monte Carlo simulation that this has a dramatic effect on the protein production behaviour of the system.
Biofeedback in rehabilitation (2013)

This paper reviews the literature relating to the biofeedback used in physical rehabilitation. The biofeedback methods used in rehabilitation are based on biomechanical measurements and measurements of the physiological systems of the body. The physiological systems of the body which can be measured to provide biofeedback are the neuromuscular system, the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system. Neuromuscular biofeedback methods include electromyography (EMG) biofeedback and real-time ultrasound imaging (RTUS) biofeedback. EMG biofeedback is the most widely investigated method of biofeedback and appears to be effective in the treatment of many musculoskeletal conditions and in post cardiovascular accident (CVA) rehabilitation. RTUS biofeedback has been demonstrated effective in the treatment of low back pain (LBP) and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction. Cardiovascular biofeedback methods have been shown to be effective in the treatment of a number of health conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, asthma, fibromyalgia and even psychological disorders however a systematic review in this field has yet to be conducted. Similarly, the number of large scale studies examining the use of respiratory biofeedback in rehabilitation is limited. Measurements of movement, postural control and force output can be made using a number of different devices and used to deliver biomechanical biofeedback. Inertial based sensing biofeedback is the most widely researched biomechanical biofeedback method, with a number of studies showing it to be effective in improving measures of balance in a number of populations. Other types of biomechanical biofeedback include force plate systems, electrogoniometry, pressure biofeedback and camera based systems however the evidence for these is limited. Biofeedback is generally delivered using visual displays, acoustic or haptic signals, however more recently virtual reality (VR) or exergaming technology have been used as biofeedback signals. VR and exergaming technology have been primarily investigated in post-CVA rehabilitation, however, more recent work has shown this type of biofeedback to be effective in improving exercise technique in musculoskeletal populations. While a number of studies in this area have been conducted, further large scale studies and reviews investigating different biofeedback applications in different clinical populations are required.
Comparison of Rambach agar, SM-ID medium, and Hektoen Enteric agar for primary isolation of non-typhi salmonellae from stool samples (1993)

Stool samples (n = 504) were streaked simultaneously onto Rambach agar (R agar; E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), SM-ID medium (bioMérieux S.A., Montalieu-Vercieu, France), and Hektoen Enteric (HE) agar (BBL Becton-Dickinson, Baltimore, Md.) in order to evaluate the performances of the first two media in comparison with that of the well-established HE agar. Following overnight cultivation at 37 degrees C, 29 samples (5.8%) were positive for non-typhi salmonellae on at least one of the three media. Sensitivities and specificities were 69 and 98%, 79 and 85%, and 100 and 79% for R, SM-ID, and HE agars, respectively. On the basis of the poor sensitivities, R and SM-ID agars are not recommended as primary plating media when screening for non-typhi salmonellae. However, the high specificity of R agar may help to reduce the work load when this medium is used for plating after enrichment.