gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaic Devices Using Dendrimers (2005)

A family of prototype ..pi..-conjugated dendrimers has been synthesized and incorporated into solution-processable organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Bulk heterojunction devices were fabricated by blending the dendrimers with a solubilized fullerene. The best of these initial devices, which were not optimized for morphology, exhibited external quantum efficiencies of 22% at peak wavelength. It was found that 3-arm dendrimers, when sufficiently soluble, yielded higher photocurrents than their 4-arm counterparts. This was attributed to better planarity and intermolecular alignment of the 3-arm version. Device efficiency was seen to increase with increasing arm length. A reduced-band gap dendrimer was synthesized by attaching electron-withdrawing groups onto the core to yield an optical band gap of 1.82 eV.
Wide-Viewing-Angle Polarizer with a Large Wavelength Range (2002)

We propose a new wide-viewing-angle polarizer that has extremely low light leakage in all directions and a large wavelength range. In this paper we discuss the design procedure for this wide-viewing-angle polarizer and its properties, in the interests of achieving high-quality liquid crystal displays (LCDs) with a wide viewing angle and high contrast ratio.
Reduction of Harmonics from MW-class Wind Turbines by Interlaced Active Front-Ends (2007)

With the request of renewable energy also the size of the wind turbines is growing. The converters used to connect them to the grid have to transfer a big amount of captured power. Since they handle high power, the switching devices work with a low switching frequency. This results in a high harmonic distortion of the injected currents and the need of big passive filters on ac side. In order to improve the power quality of the transferred wind energy, an inverter system made up of interlaced active front-ends is proposed. Its mathematical model is also developed in order to analyze harmonic distortion. It can be introduced in the existing models of wind turbines and grid. The numerical results prove the benefits of the proposed system.
The role of the vimentin intermediate filaments in rat 3Y1 cells elucidated by immunoelectron microscopy and computer‐graphic reconstruction (1990)

The three-dimensional arrangement of vimentin intermediate filaments (IF) was studied in 3Y1, rat fibroblastic cell line, to elucidate its biological role in the cell. While actin filaments were observed exclusively in the superficial part of the cell, vimentin IF were found to be abundantly present in the inside of the cell where microtubules were occasionally discovered. By whole-mount immunoelectron microscopy and computer-graphic reconstruction of serial thin sections, it was observed in more detail that vimentin IF are located very close to the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. Vimentin IF were observed to be attached to these organelles laterally or terminally. Thus, we can reasonably assume that vimentin IF are major cytoskeletal structures deep inside the cell and that they play an important role in supporting the location of the organelles. This is the first report which has visualized the three-dimensional relationship between vimentin IF and the organelles of the cell.
Respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein: further characterization of a major epitope involved in virus neutralization (1987)

Competition experiments and biological assays with a panel of 15 monoclonal antibodies confirmed the presence of at least four antigenic sites on the fusion protein of human respiratory syncytial virus, three of which were involved in virus neutralization. One antigenic site, recognized by two strongly neutralizing antibodies, was conserved after reduction and denaturation and shown by immunoblotting to be localized on the F1 fragment of the fusion protein. Cleavage of this protein with staphylococcal protease V8 or papain produced a series of smaller peptides from 11 to 7 kilodaltons that retained this important neutralization determinant. Compared with the other neutralization sites, the epitope defined by monoclonal antibody 7C2 thus appears as the major neutralization epitope. Our peptide mapping results support the hypothesis that this major epitope is composed of a continuous sequence on the viral genome.
The hazards of immunization (1967)

sure wrote the classic volumes on the Principles of Bacteriology and Immunity (Topley and Wilson), was until recently the director of Public Health Laboratory Service. Thus, his vast knowledge and keen mind makes him highly qualified to publish the first book devoted to the accidents and complications of immunization and serum therapy. He regards as fundamental, the principle that any doctor applying
Fully Automatic Taxiing, Takeoff and Landing of a UAV only with a Single-Antenna GPS Receiver (2007)

[Abstract] This paper deals with automatic takeoff and landing of a UAV using a single antenna GPS receiver only. In this paper, inertial sensors such as gyros and accelerometers are not used at all to show the full potential of a single -antenna GPS receiver based attitude determination system. DGPS is implemented to give high accuracy position information for automatic landing and takeoff on the runway. In addition to GPS receiver , only an airspeed sen sor is added because the velocity relative to the air is very important during landing and takeoff. For a fixed wing aircraft, the attitude information called as pseudo -attitudes can be estimated from the measurements of a single -antenna GPS receiver under the assumption of coordinated flight . From linearized equations of motions around the steady state, LQR controllers f or takeoff and landing are buil t. In particular, for the flare control, the controller that controls the pitch, altitude and airspeed of a UAV is designe d. During flight tests, the aircraft taxies and takes off the runway, follows the predefined waypoint path, and then lands on the runway along the curved approach path, all fully automatically. The flight test results show that a single -ante nna GPS receiver can be used as a main sensor for a backup or a low -cost control system of UAVs.
Consolidation of Extinction Learning Involves Transfer from NMDA-Independent to NMDA-Dependent Memory (2001)

Extinction of conditioned fear to a tone paired with foot shock is thought to involve the formation of new memory. In support of this, previous studies have shown that extinction of conditioned fear depends on NMDA receptor-mediated plasticity. To further investigate the role of NMDA receptors in extinction, we examined the effects of the NMDA antagonist d(-)-3-(2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) on the extinction of conditioned freezing and suppression of bar pressing (conditioned emotional response). Rats extinguished normally during a 90 min session in the presence of systemic CPP (10 mg/kg), but were unable to recall extinction learning 24 hr later. This suggests that an NMDA-independent form of plasticity supports short-term extinction memory, but NMDA receptors are required for consolidation processes leading to long-term extinction memory. Surprisingly, extinction learned in the presence of CPP was recalled normally when tested 48 hr after training, suggesting a delayed consolidation process that was able to improve memory in the absence of further training. Delayed consolidation involves NMDA receptors because CPP injected on the rest day between training and test prevented 48 hr recall of extinction learned under CPP. Control experiments showed that the effect of CPP on memory consolidation was not caused by state-dependent learning or reduced expression of freezing under CPP. These findings demonstrate that NMDA receptor activation is critical for consolidation of extinction learning and that this process can be initiated after training has taken place. We suggest that consolidation of extinction involves off-line relearning that reinforces extinction memory through NMDA-mediated plasticity, perhaps in prefrontal-amygdala circuits.
Benfotiamine exhibits direct antioxidative capacity and prevents induction of DNA damage <i>in vitro</i> (2008)

Benfotiamine shows a direct antioxidant action. This effect of benfotiamine may be involved in the improvement of diabetic late complications, including peripheral neuropathy.
Intectin, a Novel Small Intestine-specific Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Protein, Accelerates Apoptosis of Intestinal Epithelial Cells (2004)

Intestinal epithelial cells undergo rapid turnover and exfoliation especially at the villus tips. This process is modulated by various nutrients especially fat. Apoptosis is one of the important regulatory mechanisms of this turnover. Therefore, identification of the factors that control epithelial cell apoptosis should help us understand the mechanism of intestinal mucosal turnover. Here, we report the identification of a novel small intestine-specific member of the Ly-6 family, intectin, by signal sequence trap method. Intectin mRNA expression was exclusively identified in the intestine and localized at the villus tips of intestinal mucosa, which is known to undergo apoptosis. Intectin mRNA expression was modulated by nutrition. Intestinal epithelial cells expressing intectin were more sensitive to palmitate-induced apoptosis, compared with control intestinal epithelial cells, and such effect was accompanied by increased activity of caspase-3. Intectin expression also reduced cell-cell adhesion of intestinal epithelial cells.
Abuse of court procedure : company law (2016)

In a recent finding in KwaZulu-Natal the High Court ruled on the applicability of s347 (1A) of the Companies Act (61 of 1973) (the Old Companies Act).
Lost Hills CO2 Pilot: Evaluation, Design, Injectivity Test Results, and Implementation (2000)

Abstract This paper describes the evaluation, design, and implementation of a jointly funded DOE/Chevron CO2 pilot project in the Lost Hills field, Kern County, California. The pilot consists of four inverted (injector-centered) 5-spot patterns covering approximately 10 acres, and is located in a portion of the field, which has been waterflooded since early 1991. The target reservoir for the CO2 pilot is the Belridge Diatomite. The pilot location was selected based on geology, reservoir quality and reservoir performance of the waterflood. A CO2 pilot will investigate uncertainties associated with CO2 utilization rate and premature CO2 breakthrough, and overall uncertainty in the unproven CO2 flood process in diatomite and siliceous shale. This paper summarizes the methodology used in the project evaluation and design, including construction of the geologic model, reservoir simulation and CO2 flood predictions, facilities design, and well design and completion considerations. An actual CO2 injectivity test was conducted in March 1999. The results of the injectivity test, which helped in the design of the pilot, are presented. The reservoir management plan and future field potential are also discussed. CO2 injection in the pilot is planned to commence in July 2000. The methodology and technical analysis used to evaluate and design the Lost Hills CO2 pilot are applicable to other potential San Joaquin Valley CO2 floods.
An enhanced screen codec for live lecture broadcasting (2010)

In this paper, we present the design of SJSC, an enhanced screen codec proposed by us for live lecture broadcasting. Compared to other screen codecs available, SJSC is more suitable for live broadcasting of a lecture on an unreliable transport medium like the Internet due to two features. First, an error-resilience mechanism controls the impact introduced by packet loss onto the decoded screen sequence. Second a unique frame-rate self-adaptation mechanism ensures the bit rate of the encoded stream is capped at a level that the underlying transport can sustainably support. SJSC has been successfully deployed in our p2p streaming based live lecture broadcast system, named PPClass, which has been put into real use in our college for more than 6 months and served 300+ classes for an accumulated 9000+ remote student base. Both subject assessment by real students and objective evaluation experiments have proved the effectiveness of its design.
Design of Compact Dual-Polarized Antennas for MIMO Handsets (2011)

A design method of compact dual-polarized antennas has been proposed for multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) handset application. For the sake of high isolation in dual polarizations, a printed monopole and a hybrid slot antenna are combined using a coplanar waveguide (CPW) and microstrip hybrid feeding structure. The proposed topology will result in orthogonal current distribution modes for the different polarizations, which effectively reduces the mutual coupling of the two modes. The operation mechanism of the feeding structure is analyzed in principle and verified by simulation. Simulated and measured results show this compact dual-polarized antenna achieves isolation between the two ports of better than 25 dB, and the relative bandwidth is wider than 23.5%.
BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF INDIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, SECTION B TO STUDY THE USAGE PATTERN OF INFORMATION IN THE FIELD OF MATERIAL SCIENCE (2016)

ABSTRACT The Present study deals with bibliometric analysis of articles and references provided at the end of each article contributed in Indian Journal of Chemistry Section B, Vol.52B , 2013.The study is carried out with a view to ascertain the types of documents most frequently used in the research process. The study indicates the authorship trend is towards team works rather than a work in isolation It is observed that most of the publications cited are articles in journals; the number of references in other kinds of documents such as books/monographs, conference proceedings, theses/dissertation etc. are small. Among the citations from journal literature, majority are from foreign journals though the journals of Indian origin have also extensively used by the researchers. The most frequently cited journal titles were Tetrahedron Letter, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Journal of Organic Chemistry. The findings from this study could help in deciding titles of journals to be acquired, to continue or discontinue a subscription for a library.
The Properties of Some Fluorinated Vinyl Ethers<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Properties of Some Fluorinated Vinyl Ethers1Richard S. Corley, Joginder Lal, and Marshall W. KaneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 14, 3489–3493Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01595a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01595a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoate During Treatment of Tomato Cannery Wastewater (2008)

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production was achieved using tomato cannery waste coupled with a mixed microbial culture during wastewater treatment. The two-stage PHA production process comprised a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), operating under a periodic feast-famine regime, to accomplish simultaneously wastewater treatment and selection of PHA-accumulating microbes, followed by a batch reactor for the production of PHA-rich biomass. The SBRs were efficient at removing soluble carbon (84%), ammonia (100%), and phosphorus (76%). Meanwhile, PHA-accumulating microbes were enriched under the SBR operating conditions, and PHA content on a cell-weight basis was within the range 7 to 11% in nonfiltered wastewater and 2 to 8% in filtered wastewater. Subsequently, batch studies were implemented with varying loading rates, ranging from 0.4 to 3.2 food-to-microorganism ratios. A maximum 20% PHA content on a cell-weight basis was obtained. Based on the experimental results, a PHA biosynthesis-degradation kinetic model was developed to (1) aid in the design of a pilot- or full-scale PHA production process coupled with wastewater treatment and (2) determine optimal conditions for harvest of PHA-rich biomass.
Extractive Bioconversions with Emphasis on Solvent Production (1985)

Necessite de l'extraction du produit (inhibition de la fermentation par le produit, risque de denaturation du produit dans le milieu de fermentation). Fermentation en milieu biphasique: phase aqueuse plus phase organique contenant un solvant, ou deux phases aqueuses. Utilisation de CO 2 a l'etat supercritique. Adsorption en ligne. Fermentation sous pression reduite. Separation par membrane. Separation par gravite (floculation, centrifugation). Cellules immobilisees. Permeabilisation des cellules
Synthesis and Stereochemical Properties of “Extended” Biphenols Bridged by <i>ortho</i>‐, <i>meta</i>‐, and <i>para</i>‐Phenylene Spacers (2009)

Abstract A series of isomeric biphenols based on para ‐ ( 1 ), meta ‐ ( 2 ), and ortho ‐ ( 3 ) terphenyl backbones was synthesized. Suzuki cross‐coupling methodology was employed for the construction of the terphenyl backbone of their methyl‐protected precursors (respectively 8 , 13 , and 16 ). Using K 2 CO 3 as the base, the best reaction conditions involved DMF at 100 °C as solvent. Anhydrous conditions greatly improved the yields of the sterically crowded systems (particularly 16 ). ortho ‐Terphenyls 3 and 16 exist as mixtures of syn / anti atropisomers in solution. Compound 16 crystallizes in the anti‐in form. DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level indicate that for both compounds the anti‐in form is more stable than the syn form by 6.07 and 2.07 kJ mol –1 for 16 and 3 , respectively. These ΔΔ G 0 values are higher by the same factor (of two) than those obtained in solution at 240 K (3.17 and 0.93 kJ mol –1 ). The atropisomeric properties of 16 and 3 are finally discussed in the context of ortho ‐terphenyls in the literature. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Effect of Simultaneous Ingestion of L‐Amino Acids and Whole Protein on Plasma Amino Acid and Urea Nitrogen Concentrations in Humans (1991)

The effect of whole protein and L-amino acid ingestion on plasma amino acid (PAA) and urea nitrogen (UN) concentrations was investigated. Ten males ingested equivalent amounts of nitrogen as (trial 1) cottage cheese, (trial 2) an L-amino acid mixture, (trial 3) cottage cheese and L-amino acids. Mean changes in total PAA between trials 1 (342 mumol/liter) and 2 (719 mumol/liter) and trials 1 (342 mumol/liter) and 3 (981 mumol/liter) at 30 min and trials 1 (547 mumol/liter) and 3 (143 mumol/liter) at 150 min differed significantly. Mean changes in essential PAA between trials 1 (180 mumol/liter) and 2 (420 mumol/liter) and trials 1 (180 mumol/liter) and 3 (500 mumol/liter) at 30 min differed significantly. Mean changes in essential PAA between trials 1 (247 mumol/liter) and 3 (334 mumol/liter) at 60 min and between trials 1 (252 mumol/liter) and 3 (80 mumol/liter) at 150 min differed significantly. Mean increments in total and essential PAA were higher and peaked faster but decreased more quickly after trials 2 and 3 than after trial 1. Mean changes in plasma UN did not differ between trials. Ingestion of either L-amino acids, whole protein or the mixture of L-amino acids and whole protein was equally effective in increasing total PAA over 4 hr.
Use of cDNA Tiling Arrays for Identifying Protein Interactions Selected by In Vitro Display Technologies (2008)

In vitro display technologies such as mRNA display are powerful screening tools for protein interaction analysis, but the final cloning and sequencing processes represent a bottleneck, resulting in many false negatives. Here we describe an application of tiling array technology to identify specifically binding proteins selected with the in vitro virus (IVV) mRNA display technology. We constructed transcription-factor tiling (TFT) arrays containing approximately 1,600 open reading frame sequences of known and predicted mouse transcription-regulatory factors (334,372 oligonucleotides, 50-mer in length) to analyze cDNA fragments from mRNA-display screening for Jun-associated proteins. The use of the TFT arrays greatly increased the coverage of known Jun-interactors to 28% (from 14% with the cloning and sequencing approach), without reducing the accuracy ( approximately 75%). This method could detect even targets with extremely low expression levels (less than a single mRNA copy per cell in whole brain tissue). This highly sensitive and reliable method should be useful for high-throughput protein interaction analysis on a genome-wide scale.
The Interactions between Dietary Saponin, Cholesterol and Related Sterols in the Chick (1972)

One-week-old chicks were fed a basal semi-synthetic diet, with and without cholesterol (0.5%), for 3 weeks and the effects of digitonin (0.25%) and Gypsophila saponin (0.25%) on growth and serum cholesterol were examined. Digitonin and Gypsophila saponin both depressed growth and the depression was reversed to a large extent, but not totally, by dietary cholesterol. These two saponins lowered serum cholesterol in chicks fed either the basal diet or the cholesterol-containing diet. Chicks fed the cholesterol-containing diet supplemented with digitonin or Gypsophila saponin were dosed orally with [4-14 C] cholesterol. Neither of the saponins affected the amount of radioactivity found in the lipids of liver or serum 3 or 21 hr. after dosing. Neither 3β-hydroxy-5β-cholestanol nor 3α-hydroxy-5β-cholestanol reversed the growth depression caused by digitonin or Gypsophila saponin. These results are discussed in the light of the suggestion that cholesterol complexes with saponins in the gastro-intestinal tract.
Cloning and characterisation of the mouse fra-2 gene. (1994)

Transcription factor AP-1 is comprised of multiple protein complexes that include members of a family of genes related to the proto-oncogene c-fos. In this report, we have extended the analysis of one member of this family, fos-related antigen-2 (fra-2), by isolating and characterising genomic and cDNA clones encoding the mouse fra-2 homolog. The overall gene structure (number and positions of introns) was similar to that of both the chicken fra-2 gene and other members of the fos family, and the relative positions of putative enhancers in the 5' regulatory region were well conserved between the mouse and chicken fra-2 genes. High levels of fra-2 mRNA were detected in ovary, stomach, small and large intestine, brain, lung and heart. The mouse Fra-2 protein showed 94% and 87.5% conservation with human and chicken Fra-2, respectively, and mouse Fra-2, like the chicken homolog, induced transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts. The characterisation of the mouse fra-2 gene provides a basis for analysis of Fra-2 function in the whole animal.