gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells survive, migrate, differentiate, and improve neurologic function in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (2013)

The four-stage induction system is stable and effective to culture, differentiate, and induce iPSCs to NSCs by using serum-free medium combined with retinoic acid (RA). Implanted iPSC-derived NSCs were able to survive, migrate into the ischemic brain area to differentiate into mature neural cells, and seem to have potential to restore lost neurologic function from damage due to stroke in a rat model.
Conversion of methane into acetylene and ethylene by the chlorine-catalyzed oxidative-pyrolysis (CCOP) process. 1. Oxidative pyrolysis of chloromethane (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConversion of methane into acetylene and ethylene by the chlorine-catalyzed oxidative-pyrolysis (CCOP) process. 1. Oxidative pyrolysis of chloromethaneA. Granada, S. B. Karra, and S. M. SenkanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1987, 26, 9, 1901–1905Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00069a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00069a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views388Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fully Programmable Gaussian Function Generator Using Floating Gate MOS Transistor (2012)

Floating gate MOS (FGMOS) based fully programmable Gaussian function generator is presented. The circuit combines the tunable property of FGMOS transistor, exponential characteristics of MOS transistor in weak inversion, and its square law characteristic in strong inversion region to implement the function. Two-quadrant current mode squarer is the core subcircuit of Gaussian function generator that helps to implement full Gaussian function for positive as well as negative input current. FGMOS implementation of the circuit reduces the current mismatching error and increases the tunability of the circuit. The performance of circuit is verified at 1.8 V in TSMC 0.18 μ m CMOS, BSIM3, and Level 49 technology by using Cadence Spectre simulator.
Review of Multicast QoS Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2008)

A Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is consisting of a collection of wireless mobile nodes, which form a temporary network without relying on any existing infrastructure or centralized administration. Since the bandwidth of MANETs is limited and shared between the participating nodes in the network, it is important to efficiently utilize the network bandwidth. Multicasting can minimize the link bandwidth consumption and reduce the communication cost by sending the same data to multiple participants. Multicast service is critical for applications that need collaboration of team of users. Multicasting in MANETs becomes a hot research area due to the increasing popularity of group communication applications such as video conferencing and interactive television. Recently, multimedia and group-oriented computing gains more popularity for users of ad hoc networks. So, effective Quality of Service (QoS) multicasting protocol plays significant role in MANETs. In this paper, we are presenting an overview of set of the most recent QoS multicast routing protocols that have been proposed in order to provide the researchers with a clear view of what has been done in this field. Key words:
Collision position sensing for manipulator using force/torque sensor (2015)

Force sensing including collision position, force direction and force size makes robots smoothly interact with environment to strongly adapt to outside world. Skin sensing imitates principle of human skin using special material and physical structure with disadvantages of complex design, low sampling rate, and poor generality and so on. In this paper, the method of using fore/torque sensor to calculate collision position, force direction and force size is provided. We detail elaborate algorithm based on physical principle, and unified modeling method for basic geometric surface. Considering algorithm solvability and uniqueness, three constraints are proposed, which are joint constraint, contour constraint and force direction constraint. In order to solve conflict solution of algorithm in redundant constraints, we propose compatibility and method. In addition, gravity compensation and dynamic compensation are also described for working manipulator in gravity and dynamic environment. As a result of our simulation experiment, we would find that this method is effective for manipulator to measure collision position.
P21cip-Overexpression in the Mouse β Cells Leads to the Improved Recovery from Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes (2009)

Under normal conditions, the regeneration of mouse beta cells is mainly dependent on their own duplication. Although there is evidence that pancreatic progenitor cells exist around duct, whether non-beta cells in the islet could also potentially contribute to beta cell regeneration in vivo is still controversial. Here, we developed a novel transgenic mouse model to study the pancreatic beta cell regeneration, which could specifically inhibit beta cell proliferation by overexpressing p21(cip) in beta cells via regulation of the Tet-on system. We discovered that p21 overexpression could inhibit beta-cell duplication in the transgenic mice and these mice would gradually suffer from hyperglycemia. Importantly, the recovery efficiency of the p21-overexpressing mice from streptozotocin-induced diabetes was significantly higher than control mice, which is embodied by better physiological quality and earlier emergence of insulin expressing cells. Furthermore, in the islets of these streptozotocin-treated transgenic mice, we found a large population of proliferating cells which expressed pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) but not markers of terminally differentiated cells. Transcription factors characteristic of early pancreatic development, such as Nkx2.2 and NeuroD1, and pancreatic progenitor markers, such as Ngn3 and c-Met, could also be detected in these islets. Thus, our work showed for the first time that when beta cell self-duplication is repressed by p21 overexpression, the markers for embryonic pancreatic progenitor cells could be detected in islets, which might contribute to the recovery of these transgenic mice from streptozotocin-induced diabetes. These discoveries could be important for exploring new diabetes therapies that directly promote the regeneration of pancreatic progenitors to differentiate into islet beta cells in vivo.
Full Control of Nanoscale Optical Transmission with a Composite Metascreen (2013)

By applying the optical nanocircuit concepts to metasurfaces, we propose an effective route to locally control light transmission over a deeply subwavelength scale. This concept realizes the optical equivalent of a transmit-array, whose use is demonstrated for light bending and focusing with unprecedented efficiency over a subwavelength distance, with crucial benefits for nano-optics applications. These findings may lead to large improvements in the manipulation of optical transmission and processing of nanoscale optical signals over conformal and Si-compatible substrates.
Phase-Conjugate Interferometry (1984)

Unique properties of a phase-conjugate Michelson interferometer are discussed and some applications utilizing this experimental technique are presented. Specifically, the method is used to demonstrate the Doppler-free nature of phase-conjugate reflection.
Research article DESIGN AND STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (SAR) OF A NOVEL PYRAZINONE SERIES WITH NON-NUCLEOSIDE HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY (2015)

Homology modeling of HIV 1 Reverse Transcriptase has been performed based on the crystal structure of the 2RF2 (Chain A) by using Modeller software. With the aid of the molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics methods, the final model is obtained and is further assessed by procheck and verify 3D graph programs, which showed that the final refined model is reliable. With this model, a flexible docking study HIV 1 Reverse Transcriptase with a group of Pyrazinone series which were selected from the previous publications was performed. The results indicated that MET1, MET3, ARG4, THR5 in HIV 1 Reverse Transcriptase are important determinant residues in binding process as they have strong hydrogen bonding with Pyrazinone series. These hydrogen bonding interactions play an important role for stability of the complex. Among the 12 Pyrazinone series docked, A12 showed best docking result with HIV 1 Reverse Transcriptase. Our results may be helpful for further experimental investigations.
THARIES Surface Replacements (1978)

The first 100 cases of the 135 THARIES surface replacement procedures with 4--32 months follow-up, are evaluated in terms of clinical results, radiographic information and complications. The short but detailed follow-up suggests that this procedure was an excellent alternative for the younger and more active population. The overall hip ratings (pain, walking and function) and range of motion are comparable to that of stem-type total hip replacements. When the THARIES and conventional hip results are further compared in 34 patients matched by sex and age for 3 major etiological groups (osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis and congenital hip dysplasia), the interim results are essentially comparable for both types. Three cases in the first 100 have required revision. One patient (no. 1) with osteoporosis, chondrolysis and arthrofibrosis following slipped capital femoral epiphysis had loose femoral and acetabular components 24 months postoperatively. He was revised to a T-28 hip replacement. The polyethylene socket in another patient (no. 4), the first dysplastic hip in this series, was 20 nm uncovered superiorly, became loose and was revised 9 months postoperatively. Now 15 months postoperative with a more medial THARIES acetabulum, the patient continues to have a good result. Another patient (no. 12) with bilateral dysplastic hips became progressively more disabled due to heterotopic bone, which was then excised 18 months postoperatively. Radiographic studies of the THARIES sockets demonstrate radiolucent zones at the cement-bone interfaces of the acetabulum in 88 cases, partial in 51 and complete in 37. Three hips were currently considered to have evidence of progressive socket loosening but are active and asymptomatic. There have been no femoral neck fractures in this series which we attribute to the custom fitting ability inherent in the range of components, the reaming protocol and the various remodelling guides. There have been no prosthetic breakages, subluxations, dislocations or sepsis. The complications observed in this series are minor and comparable to that of many other total hip arthroplasty operations. Nerve palsy and trochanteric separation have not been major problems although one existing peroneal nerve dysfunction and one trochanteric migration emphasize the need to minimize these complications by careful handling of the operative leg, and an accurate trochanteric reattachment technique.
Human homologue of yeast Rad23 protein A interacts with p300/cyclic AMP-responsive element binding (CREB)-binding protein to down-regulate transcriptional activity of p53. (2001)

The tumor suppressor protein p53 regulates various cellular responses to DNA damage and plays a significant role in DNA repair. The nuclear p300/cyclic AMP-responsive element binding (CREB)-binding protein (CBP) proteins act as coactivators in supporting the transcription function of p53. We examined the role of the human homologue of yeast Rad23 protein A (hHR23A), one of the two human homologues of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleotide excision repair gene product Rad23, in the p300/CBP-associated regulation of p53 activity. Overexpression of wild-type hHR23A inhibits the p53 transcriptional activity and results in a decreased steady-state protein level of cellular p53. The inhibitory effect of hHR23A can be overcome by the concomitant expression of p300, CBP, and p300 segments harboring C/H1 domain and neutralized by the coexpression of HIV accessory protein Vpr, which binds COOH terminus of hHR23A/B. Additionally, hHR23A was shown to interact in vitro and in vivo with p300 segments harboring C/H1 domain. These studies provide evidence for the involvement of hHR23A in the regulation of p53 activity through p300/CBP. Although the precise direct role of hHR23 proteins in regulation of p53 and DNA repair remains to be elucidated, our data suggest that the interaction between hHR23A and p300/CBP has important implications in cross-talk between the p53 pathway and DNA repair.
Double‐Layered Photoanodes from Variable‐Size Anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanospindles: A Candidate for High‐Efficiency Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2010)

Little and large: A double-layered photoanode constructed from small and large single-crystal anatase TiO2 nanospindles achieves 8.3 % energy-conversion efficiency in a dye-sensitized solar cell (see picture). One layer of the double-layer structure serves mainly to harbor numerous dye molecules, and the other primarily enhances light harvesting by multiple scattering.
Mites of the family Laelapidae in Venezuela (Acarina: Laelapidae) (1972)

This publication presents the results of an extensive survey of symbiotic laelapid mites of vertebrates from Venezuela. Over 40,000 vertebrates were examined from a wide variety of life zones and localities. The laelapid fauna represented includes 1 new genus, Hymenolaelpas, and 7 genera previously described: Laelaps, Mysolaelaps, Tur, Steptolaelaps, Neoparalaelaps, Gigantolaelaps, and Androlaelaps. The genera are represented by 51 species and subspecies, of which 8 are described as new. Previously unknown males and immatures of several species are described. Gigantolaelaps versteegi ( Oudemans ) is redescribed from type material; G. wolffsohni (Oudemans) is redescribed from Oudemans’ original material; G. peruviana (Ewing) is redescribed from cotypes. Keys to identification of genera and species are given. Collection data are given for each species together with discussions of morphological characteristics and variability where pertinent. Illustrations of 30 species are provided.
Modeling the anneal of radiation-induced trapped holes in a varying thermal environment (1990)

The anneal of radiation-induced trapped holes in MOS transistors is found to be thermally activated. A quantitative, physical model based on thermal emission and tunneling is developed. It accurately predicts the anneal of radiation-induced trapped holes in constant or time-varying thermal environments. Data are presented which quantitatively verify the accuracy of the model for temperatures between 25 and 160 degrees C. This model provides the basis for developing accurate quantitative screens for the rebound failure mechanism.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Asynchronous expression of duplicate genes in angiosperms may cause apomixis, bispory, tetraspory, and polyembryony (1997)

Apomicts that produce unreduced parthenogenetic eggs are generally polyploid and occur in at least 33 of 460 families of angiosperms. Embryo sacs of these apomicts form precociously from ameiotic megaspore mother cells (diplospory) or adjacent somatic cells (apospory). Polysporic species (bisporic and tetrasporic) are sexual and occur in at least 88 families. Their embryo sacs also form precociously, but only non-critical portions of meiosis are affected. It is hypothesized that (i) the partial to complete replacement of meiosis by embryo sac formation in apomictic and polysporic species results from asynchronously-expressed duplicate genes that control female development, (ii) duplicate genes result from polyploidy or paleopolyploidy (diploidized polyploidy with chromatin from multiple genomes), (iii) apomixis results from competition between nearly complete sets of asynchronously-expressed duplicate genes, and (iv) polyspory and polyembryony result from competition between incomplete sets of asynchronously-expressed duplicate genes. Phylogenetic and genomic studies were conducted to evaluate this hypothesis. Apomictic, polysporic, and polyembryonic species tended to occur together in cosmopolitan families in which temporal variation in female development is expected, apomicts were generally polyploid with few chromosomes per genome (X = 9.6pL0.4 SE), and polysporic and polyembryonic species were paleopolyploid with many chromosomes per genome (x= 15.7pL0.6 and 13.2pL0.4, respectively). These findings support the proposed duplicate-gene asynchrony hypothesis and further suggest asexual reproduction in apomicts preserves primary genomes, sexual reproduction in polysporic and polyembryonic polyploids accelerates paleopolyploidization, and pa-leopolyploidization may sometimes eliminate gene duplications required for apomixis while retaining duplications required for polyspory or polyembryony. Hence, apomixis, with its long-term reproductive stability, may occasionally serve as an evolutionary springboard in the evolution of normal and developmentally-novel paleopolyploid sexual species and genera.
Ethylene Signal Transduction (2005)

Data indicate that the site of ethylene perception is at the endoplasmic reticulum and point to the importance of protein complexes in mediating the initial steps in ethylene signal transduction. The expression level of pathway components is regulated by both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, degradation of the transcription factor EIN3 being a primary means by which the sensitivity of plants to ethylene is regulated. EIN3 also represents a control point for cross-talk with other signalling pathways, as exemplified by the effects of glucose upon its expression level. Amplification of the initial ethylene signal is likely to play a significant role in signal transduction and several mechanisms exist by which this may occur based on properties of known pathway components. Signal output from the pathway is mediated in part by carefully orchestrated changes in gene expression, the breadth of these changes now becoming clear through expression analysis using microarrays.
205. Hydrogen chloride–aluminium chloride as an agent of isomerisation (1950)

G. Baddeley, J. Chem. Soc., 1950, 994 DOI: 10.1039/JR9500000994
Noise of Gunn-effect oscillator (1968)

FM noise of the Gunn-effect oscillator is considered to come from the velocity fluctuations of the high field domain. When the correlation time of the velocity fluctuations is sufficiently short, the spectrum of mean square frequency deviation becomes independent of frequency.
Optimal color composition matching of images (2002)

Color features are among the most important features used in image database retrieval, especially in cases where no additional semantic information is available. Due to its compact representation and low complexity, direct histogram comparison is the most commonly used technique in comparing color similarity of images. However, it has many serious drawbacks, including a high degree of dependency on color codebook design, sensitivity to quantization boundaries, and inefficiency in representing images with few dominant colors. We present an algorithm for color matching. We describe a statistical technique to extract perceptually relevant colors. We propose a new color distance measure that guarantees optimality in matching different color components of two images. Finally, experimental results are presented comparing this new algorithm to some existing techniques.
Minimum Requirements for Bluetongue Virus Primary Replication <i>In Vivo</i> (2012)

The replication mechanism of bluetongue virus (BTV) has been studied by an in vivo reverse genetics (RG) system identifying the importance of certain BTV proteins for primary replication of the virus. However, a unique in vitro cell-free virus assembly system was subsequently developed, showing that it did not require the same set of viral components, which is indicative of differences in these two systems. Here, we studied the in vivo primary replicase complex more in-depth to determine the minimum components of the complex. We showed that while NS2 is an essential component of the primary replication stage during BTV infection, NS1 is not an essential component but may play a role in enhancing BTV protein synthesis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that VP7, a major structural protein of the inner core, is not required for primary replication but appears to stabilize the replicase complex. In contrast, VP3, the other major structural core protein, is an essential component of the complex, together with the three minor enzymatic proteins (VP1, VP4, and VP6) of the core. In addition, our data have demonstrated that the smallest minor protein, VP6, which is known to possess an RNA-dependent helicase activity, may also act as an RNA translocator during assembly of the primary replicase complex.
The Objective Society. By Duncan Black. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1958. Appendix, xiii, 241. (1960)

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A high‐resolution geoid for the United States (1990)

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations's National Geodetic Survey is computing a high‐resolution geoid height model for the conterminous United States. The model, known as GEOID90, should be available from NGS in December 1990. These geoid heights will be referred to as the Geodetic Reference System of 1980 (GRS 80) and will be appropriate for use with measurements from the Global Positioning System.