gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EMOTIONAL CHARACTER MODEL USING COGNITIVE EMOTIONAL THEORY (2001)

In computer graphics, most animations of characters have been created using the traditional and often highly labor intensive key-framing technique. Recently, character animation is demanded increasingly automated techniques for animation according to interaction with the user or environment of the user. In this paper, we will propose a new method which can animate characters automatically with user interactions. The character's behavior is determined as a result of understanding the emotional condition of the user. Psychology and cognitive AI provide some ideas about how to approach this problem. Our study is based mostly on the theories of Ortony, Clore and Collins, which were designed to be implemented computationally. In our system, we can make 22 emotion types and some more behavior features and we apply to some characters.
Franz−Keldysh Effect in GaN Nanowires (2007)

Surface photovoltage spectroscopy and spectral photoconductivity measurements have been carried out in the UV spectral region on GaN nanowires to analyze the near band-edge region. The results reveal the presence of tails in the band−band absorption spectra. Surface Photovoltage spectra performed on the as-grown nanowire ensamble show a long band tail of about 0.1 eV. Spectral photoconductivity on singly contacted nanowires shows that the band tail width strictly depends on the wire diameter. These results are explained by the Franz−Keldysh effect due to the internal electric field induced by Fermi level pinning at the nanowire surface. The experimental values of the absorption tail are well in agreement with the results obtained by simulating the electric field in a cylindrical model.
Studies in the Sphingolipids Series. II. Synthesis of Enantiomeric Sphingines (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in the Sphingolipids Series. II. Synthesis of Enantiomeric SphinginesD. E. Sunko and M. ProsˇtenikCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1953, 18, 11, 1523–1528Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/jo50017a011Request reuse permissionsArticle Views87Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (433 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Monitoring of stress corrosion cracking of sensitised 304H stainless steel in nuclear applications by electrochemical methods and acoustic emission (2008)

A hybrid monitoring technique for stress corrosion cracking (SCC) has been developed that employs simultaneously localised corrosion monitoring, electrochemical noise and acoustic emission (AE) techniques. The application of the hybrid technique for detection of SCC initiation and propagation in sensitised 304H stainless steel in dilute tetrathionate solutions at ambient temperature is reported. Initial result shows that SCC initiation and its early stage propagation can be detected by the localised corrosion monitoring and electrochemical noise methods. The dimensions of the crack can be estimated from the charge values derived from the detected transients. The locations of AE events determined using two sensors are in good agreement with the locations of cracks observed in the specimen. The AE technique is sensitive to rapid crack propagation, but does not appear to be sensitive to SCC initiation and early stage propagation for the present material environment load combination. It is postulated that AE is sensitive to SCC propagation involving a relatively large volume of plastic deformation. On the basis of test results and on information from the literature, it is suggested that in this material environment system SCC cracks initiate via slow anodic dissolution at the chromium depleted grain boundaries. Subsequently, elemental sulphur adsorbed on the surface around the crack tip catalyses the entry of hydrogen atoms produced by the hydrogen reduction reaction into the steel matrix ahead of the crack tip; this hydrogen accumulates gradually over a relatively long period of time and preferentially at carbide/matrix interfaces, eventually causing hydrogen induced brittle fracture along grain boundaries.
Probing the Active Sites of Monoamine Oxidase A and B with 1,4-Disubstituted Tetrahydropyridine Substrates and Inactivators (1997)

As part of our efforts to characterize more fully the structural features of the monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B active sites, we have examined the substrate and inhibitor properties of several 1-methyl- and 1-cyclopropyl-4-aryl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine derivatives with the human placental A and beef liver B forms of the enzyme. We find that the 4-(2-phenylphenyl) analog 23 exhibits a high activity and selectivity for MAO-A while the 4-(3-phenylphenyl) analog 22 shows activity only with MAO-B. Selectivities similar to those of the N-methyl series are observed with a series of N-cyclopropyl mechanism based inactivators. These results support a topological analysis which attempts to identify steric factors related to the reported substrate and inhibitor selectivities of these two flavoproteins and provide a better definition of the size of the active sites of the two enzymes.
Principal Practical Applications of Ferrocene and Its Derivatives (1974)

A little more than 20 years have elapsed since the discovery of ferrocene (dicyclopentadienyliron) and during this period its chemistry has developed quite extensively. The present authors have seen the beginning of practical studies on the applications of ferrocene and its compounds. The review does not deal with the applications of ferrocene-containing polymers. The bibliography includes 81 references.
Substitution, Oxidation and Group Participation in the Bromination of Indoles (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstitution, Oxidation and Group Participation in the Bromination of IndolesWilliam B. Lawson, Abraham Patchornik, and Bernhard WitkopCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 22, 5918–5923Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01507a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01507a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views897Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> and <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>-like strains (1997)

Previous reports in the literature suggest that Burkholderia pseudomallei strains can be differentiated on the basis of animal virulence. Twenty environmentally and clinically derived isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei were examined for the production of exoenzymes, morphological and biochemical phenotypes and virulence for Syrian golden hamsters. The partial sequence of the 16S ribosomal RNA [rRNA] genes from a number of these strains was also determined. Based upon these observations, it is suggested that highly virulent Burkholderia pseudomallei strains are true Burkholderia pseudomallei strains. The DNA sequences of the 16S rRNA genes of the true Burkholderia pseudomallei strains were identical to the published sequences for Burkholderia pseudomallei while differences were revealed between the published sequences and those of the lowly virulent strains. Thus, these latter strains have been designated as Burkholderia pseudomallei-like organisms since they demonstrate significant differences in exoenzyme production, hamster virulence and 16S rRNA gene sequences.
Evaluation of the MicroScan antimicrobial susceptibility system with the autoSCAN-4 automated reader (1986)

The American MicroScan (American MicroScan, Mahwah, N.J.) identification and antimicrobial susceptibility system consists in part of an automated reading system (autoSCAN-4) with data management capabilities. We evaluated the system with 404 gram-negative and 170 gram-positive facultative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. We compared MicroScan results read automatically and visually with each other and with the results obtained by the reference method (read visually). The overall agreement within +/- 1 log2 dilution was 94.3% when the MicroScan system (read automatically) was compared with the reference method (read visually), 96.4% when MicroScan panels (read visually) were compared with reference panels, and 97.4% when the autoSCAN-4 automated reading was compared with the visual reading of the MicroScan panels. Total discrepancies (susceptibility interpretation category changes) for the MicroScan system compared with the reference method were 7%, with 6.2% considered a minor discrepancy. The autoSCAN-4 and the complete MicroScan system yielded accurate results compared with the reference method.
Super-resolution image estimation for transform coded video with application to MPEG (2003)

To date, there exist a number of worthy methods for creating a high quality still image from a video source. The best of these methods involve motion compensating a number of video frames to produce the desired still. These motion compensated methods are formulated in the space-domain. More and more, however, the video source is only available in compressed format such as MPEG, H.263 or DV. In this case there is important compressed domain information that is not utilized by the formulation. Most notably, the quantization information from the bitstream is not correctly taken into account. We propose a motion-compensated, transform domain formulation for creating high quality video stills that directly incorporates transform domain quantization information. We apply this new formulation to MPEG compressed video and demonstrate its effectiveness compared to a reasonable space-domain approach.
High-k perovskite gate oxide BaHfO3 (2017)

We have investigated epitaxial BaHfO3 as a high-k perovskite dielectric. From x-ray diffraction measurement, we confirmed the epitaxial growth of BaHfO3 on BaSnO3 and MgO. We measured optical and dielectric properties of the BaHfO3 gate insulator; the optical bandgap, the dielectric constant, and the breakdown field. Furthermore, we fabricated a perovskite heterostructure field effect transistor using epitaxial BaHfO3 as a gate insulator and La-doped BaSnO3 as a channel layer on SrTiO3 substrate. To reduce the threading dislocations and enhance the electrical properties of the channel, an undoped BaSnO3 buffer layer was grown on SrTiO3 substrates before the channel layer deposition. The device exhibited a field effect mobility value of 52.7 cm2 V−1 s−1, a Ion/Ioff ratio higher than 107, and a subthreshold swing value of 0.80 V dec−1. We compare the device performances with those of other field effect transistors based on BaSnO3 channels and different gate oxides.
Formation of Cholesterol-Rich Supported Membranes Using Solvent-Assisted Lipid Self-Assembly (2014)

This paper describes the application of a solvent-exchange method to prepare supported membranes containing high fractions of cholesterol (up to ∼57 mol %) in an apparent equilibrium. The method exploits the phenomenon of reverse-phase evaporation, in which the deposition of lipids in alcohol (e.g., isopropanol) is followed by the slow removal of the organic solvent from the water-alcohol mixture. This in turn induces a series of lyotropic phase transitions successively producing inverse-micelles, monomers, micelles, and vesicles in equilibrium with supported bilayers at the contacting solid surface. By using the standard cholesterol depletion by methyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment, a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring assay confirms that the cholesterol concentration in the supported membranes is comparable to that in the surrounding bulk phase. A quantitative characterization of the biophysical properties of the resultant bilayer, including lateral diffusion constants and phase separation, using epifluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy establishes the formation of laterally contiguous supported lipid bilayers, which break into a characteristic domain-pattern of coexisting phases in a cholesterol concentration-dependent manner. With increasing cholesterol fraction in the supported bilayer, the size of the domains increases, ultimately yielding two-dimensional cholesterol bilayer domains near the solubility limit. A unique feature of the approach is that it enables preparation of supported membranes containing limiting concentrations of cholesterol near the solubility limit under equilibrium conditions, which cannot be obtained using conventional techniques (i.e., vesicle fusion).
Electric current sensors: a review (2010)

The review makes a brief overview of traditional methods of measurement of electric current and shows in more detail relatively new types of current sensors. These include Hall sensors with field concentrators, AMR current sensors, magneto-optical and superconducting current sensors. The influence of the magnetic core properties on the error of the current transformer shows why nanocrystalline materials are so advantageous for this application. Built-in CMOS current sensors are important tools for monitoring the health of integrated circuits. Of special industrial value are current clamps which can be installed without breaking the measured conductor.
Sequence-specific recognition of a subgenomic RNA promoter by a viral RNA polymerase (1997)

RNA templates of 33 nucleotides containing the brome mosaic virus (BMV) core subgenomic promoter were used to determine the promoter elements recognized by the BMV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) to initiate RNA synthesis. Nucleotides at positions -17, -14, -13, and -11 relative to the subgenomic initiation site must be maintained for interaction with the RdRp. Changes to every other nucleotide at these four positions allow predictions for the base-specific functional groups required for RdRp recognition. RdRp contact of the nucleotide at position -17 was suggested with a template competition assay. Comparison of the BMV subgenomic promoter to those from other plant and animal alphaviruses shows a remarkable degree of conservation of the nucleotides required for BMV subgenomic RNA synthesis. We show that the RdRp of the plant-infecting BMV is capable of accurately, albeit inefficiently, initiating RNA synthesis from the subgenomic promoter of the animal-infecting Semliki Forest virus. The sequence-specific recognition of RNA by the BMV RdRp is analogous to the recognition of DNA promoters by DNA-dependent RNA polymerases.
Notes on blenniid fishes of the tribe Omobranchini, with descriptions of two new species (1981)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Hydroxychloroquine in Nonhospitalized Adults With Early COVID-19 (2020)

Private donors.
Nucleotide sequence of a streptomycete aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene and its relationship to phosphotransferases encoded by resistance plasmids. (1983)

The DNA sequence of an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene (aph) from Streptomyces fradiae ATCC 10745 (a neomycin producer) was determined. The gene was localized by in vitro subcloning and insertional inactivation. Molecular weight, amino acid composition, and amino-terminal analysis of the purified aph gene product confirmed the accuracy and position of the aph gene sequence. Pairwise comparisons of S. fradiae aph with the aph genes encoded by bacterial transposons Tn5 and Tn903 showed significant nucleotide and amino acid homologies which indicated a common evolutionary origin for these antibiotic-resistance genes.
Jahn–Teller triplet excited state structures and spectra of zinc complexes of porphyrin and phthalocyanine: A density functional theory study (2003)

Density functional theory (DFT) electronic structure calculations were carried out to predict the triplet Jahn–Teller distorted structures and energetics for zinc complexes of porphyrin (ZnP), tetraazaporphyrin, tetrabenzoporphyrin, and phthalocyanine. The D4h square planar structures in the ground state are found to distort along the b1g mode leading to the D2h rectangle structures in the lowest triplet state. Time-dependent DFT calculations were also carried out to interpret the observed triplet–triplet spectra and to quantify the effects of meso-tetraaza substitutions and tetrabenzo annulations on ZnP. The computed triplet–triplet excitation energies and oscillator strengths are in good agreement with experiment. The effects of meso-tetraaza substitutions and tetrabenzo annulations on the triplet excited state structures and spectra are discussed in detail.
Intermolecular Migratory Insertion of Unactivated Olefins into Palladium–Nitrogen Bonds. Steric and Electronic Effects on the Rate of Migratory Insertion (2011)

We report a detailed examination of the effect of the steric and electronic properties of the ancillary ligand and the alkene reactant on the rate of migratory insertion of unactivated alkenes into the palladium-nitrogen bond of isolated palladium amido complexes. A series of THF-bound and THF-free amidopalladium complexes ligated by cyclometalated benzylphosphine ligands possessing varied steric and electronic properties were synthesized. The THF-free complexes react with ethylene at -50 °C to form olefin-amido complexes that were observed directly and that undergo migratory insertion, followed by β-hydride elimination to generate enamine products. The effect of the steric properties of the ancillary ligand on the binding of the alkene and the rate of migratory insertion were evaluated individually. The relative binding affinity of ethylene vs THF is larger for the less sterically hindered complex than for the more hindered complex, but the less hindered complex undergoes the insertion of ethylene more slowly than does the more hindered complex. These two changes in relative equilibrium and rate constants cause the rates of reaction of ethylene with the two THF-ligated species having different steric properties to be similar to each other. Reactions of the complexes containing electronically varied ancillary ligands showed that the more electron-poor complexes underwent the migratory insertion step faster than the more electron-rich complexes. Reactions of a THF-ligated palladium-amide with substituted vinylarenes showed that electron-poor vinylarenes reacted with the amido complex slightly faster than electron-rich vinylarenes. Separation of the energetics of binding and insertion indicate that the complex of an electron-rich vinylarene is more stable in this system than the complex of a more electron-poor vinylarene but that the insertion step of the bound, electron-rich vinylarene is slower than the insertion step with the bound, electron-poor vinylarene.
Direct Measurement of Interparticle Forces by the Optical Trapping Technique (1997)

The intrinsic interactive forces between two free colloidal particles suspended in aqueous solutions have been measured as a function of the separation by applying the optical trapping technique to a monodispersed polystyrene latex of a mean diameter 2.13 μm. For this purpose, specific technology for the precise measurement of the surface-to-surface separation and force strength has been developed. The results were in excellent agreement with the prediction of the DLVO theory in a variety of electrolyte concentrations.
A Shielded Hot-wire Anemometer for Low Speeds (1949)

A low-speed anemometer is described which comprises an electrically heated wire and a thermocouple contained in a double-bore silica tube. In an air current the temperature change caused by heat loss is registered by the thermocouple and, when the instrument is suitably calibrated, the e.m.f. developed serves as a measure of the speed of flow.
Penatalaksanaan Nyeri pada Tindakan Bedah Mulut (2015)

It is well known that almost all of dental treatment in dentistry especially in oral surgery associated with pain. It is make uncomfortable feeling and fear for the patient. It’s responsibility for the dentist to know the patofisiology of pain and how to relief it. Recently, beyond knowledge and technology in dentistry and pharmacology, there are many drugs to relief of pain, especially from derived NSAID. For selecting analgesic drugs, accurately or effective and minimal side effect, perhaps we must know the biotransformation of NSAID. Generally, NSAID drugs it choose who works specific in COX-2 inhibitor and work minimized in COX-1.
Adaptation of<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>in the tick and the mammalian host (2003)

Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, shows a great ability to adapt to different environments, including the arthropod vector, and the mammalian host. The success of these microorganisms to survive in nature and complete their enzootic cycle depends on the regulation of genes that are essential to their survival in the different environments. This review describes the current knowledge of gene expression by B. burgdorferi in the tick and the mammalian host. The functions of the differentially regulated gene products as well as the factors that influence their expression are discussed. A thorough understanding of the changes in gene expression and the function of the differentially expressed antigens during the life cycle of the spirochete will allow a better control of this prevalent infection and the design of new, second generation vaccines to prevent infection with the spirochete.
Full-System Power Analysis and Modeling for Server Environments (2006)

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