gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Noise-resistant pulse oximetry using a synthetic reference signal (2000)

We describe a noise-resistant pulse oximetry algorithm suited to both signal reconstruction and oxygen saturation estimation. The algorithm first detects relatively clean signal sections from which the heart rate is estimated. The heart rate is used to construct a synthetic reference signal that matches an idealized pulse signal. An adaptive filter continuously processes the sensor signals, reconstructing signals in a linear subspace defined by the reference signal. A projective subspace algorithm is then applied to find the oxygenation level of the blood. We show that under specific circumstances this algorithm solves the sufficiency condition for signal reconstruction in linear saturation estimators. The core principle of using a frequency modulated synthetic reference signal can be applied to adaptive filtering of other physiological signals controlled by the heartbeat, such as blood pressure and electrocardiogram.
Diabetes-induced biochemical changes in central and peripheral catecholaminergic systems. (2003)

A great variety of alterations have been described in the nervous system of diabetic animals. They are named as diabetic neuropathy and affect the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. In diabetic animals, plasma and tissue catecholamine levels have been reported to be increased, decreased or unchanged, and these disparities have been explained by differences in the tissues selected, severity or duration of diabetes. Dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine from different tissues were extracted by absorption onto alumina, and measured by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. We found that diabetes alters catecholaminergic systems in a highly specific manner. The dopamine content is reduced in the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system only. Norepinephrine is differently altered in several areas of the sympathetic nervous system. It is increased in cardiac ventricles, and decreased in stellate ganglia and the blood serum. However, it is not altered in the central nervous system. Finally, epinephrine is only altered in the adrenal gland where it is increased, and in the serum where it is reduced. Our results suggest that diabetes reduces the activity of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. Changes found at the sympathoadrenal level could be explained by reduced norepinephrine and epinephrine synthesis, with increased storage due to a reduced release from synaptic vesicles.
Structure of the Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2 RNA and Designed Small Molecules That Reduce Toxicity (2013)

Myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is an incurable neuromuscular disorder caused by a r(CCUG) expansion (r(CCUG)(exp)) that folds into an extended hairpin with periodically repeating 2×2 nucleotide internal loops (5'CCUG/3'GUCC). We designed multivalent compounds that improve DM2-associated defects using information about RNA-small molecule interactions. We also report the first crystal structure of r(CCUG) repeats refined to 2.35 Å. Structural analysis of the three 5'CCUG/3'GUCC repeat internal loops (L) reveals that the CU pairs in L1 are each stabilized by one hydrogen bond and a water-mediated hydrogen bond, while CU pairs in L2 and L3 are stabilized by two hydrogen bonds. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal that the CU pairs are dynamic and stabilized by Na(+) and water molecules. MD simulations of the binding of the small molecule to r(CCUG) repeats reveal that the lowest free energy binding mode occurs via the major groove, in which one C residue is unstacked and the cross-strand nucleotides are displaced. Moreover, we modeled the binding of our dimeric compound to two 5'CCUG/3'GUCC motifs, which shows that the scaffold on which the RNA-binding modules are displayed provides an optimal distance to span two adjacent loops.
DeepSat - A Learning framework for Satellite Imagery (2015)

Satellite image classification is a challenging problem that lies at the crossroads of remote sensing, computer vision, and machine learning. Due to the high variability inherent in satellite data, most of the current object classification approaches are not suitable for handling satellite datasets. The progress of satellite image analytics has also been inhibited by the lack of a single labeled high-resolution dataset with multiple class labels. The contributions of this paper are twofold - (1) first, we present two new satellite datasets called SAT-4 and SAT-6, and (2) then, we propose a classification framework that extracts features from an input image, normalizes them and feeds the normalized feature vectors to a Deep Belief Network for classification. On the SAT-4 dataset, our best network produces a classification accuracy of 97.95% and outperforms three state-of-the-art object recognition algorithms, namely - Deep Belief Networks, Convolutional Neural Networks and Stacked Denoising Autoencoders by ~11%. On SAT-6, it produces a classification accuracy of 93.9% and outperforms the other algorithms by ~15%. Comparative studies with a Random Forest classifier show the advantage of an unsupervised learning approach over traditional supervised learning techniques. A statistical analysis based on Distribution Separability Criterion and Intrinsic Dimensionality Estimation substantiates the effectiveness of our approach in learning better representations for satellite imagery.
ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K <sub>ATP</sub> )–dependent regulation of cardiotropic viral infections (2011)

The effects of the cellular environment on innate immunity remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that in Drosophila ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP)) mediate resistance to a cardiotropic RNA virus, Flock House virus (FHV). FHV viral load in the heart rapidly increases in K(ATP) mutant flies, leading to increased viremia and accelerated death. The effect of K(ATP) channels is dependent on the RNA interference genes Dcr-2, AGO2, and r2d2, indicating that an activity associated with this potassium channel participates in this antiviral pathway in Drosophila. Flies treated with the K(ATP) agonist drug pinacidil are protected against FHV infection, thus demonstrating the importance of this regulation of innate immunity by the cellular environment in the heart. In mice, the Coxsackievirus B3 replicates to higher titers in the hearts of mayday mutant animals, which are deficient in the Kir6.1 subunit of K(ATP) channels, than in controls. Together, our data suggest that K(ATP) channel deregulation can have a critical impact on innate antiviral immunity in the heart.
Sinusoidally chirped optical superlattices for flat broadband wavelength conversion (2004)

We report on the enhancement of the bandwidth and the response flatness of wavelength conversion through cascaded second-order nonlinear processes in sinusoidally chirped optical superlattice (SCOS) lithium niobate crystal.
A boundary integral method for solving inverse heat conduction problem (2006)

In this paper, a boundary integral method is used to solve an inverse heat conduction problem. An algorithm for the inverse problem of the one dimensional case is given by using the fundamental solution. Numerical results show that our algorithm is effective.
<title>Material influence on cutting and drilling of metals using copper vapor lasers</title> (1991)

Up to now, copper vapor lasers (CVLs) have been mainly applied in the field of nuclear fuel enrichment, as illumination sources, in short time photography and in medical applications. Due to their interesting characteristics (short pulse duration, high repetition rate) these lasers might also become useful in the field of materials processing. In this paper recent investigations on the drilling behavior of different metals with a CVL are reported. Fine drilled holes in thin metal sheets with minimized heat affected zones could be obtained. Microscopical investigations were used to characterize the influence of different substrates and processing conditions.
An evaluation of the new FORTRAN 90 standard relative to DSP algorithm implementations (1993)

The FORTRAN 90 language definition has now been accepted as a national standard (ANSI) and as an international standard (ISO). This new standard includes a number of very significant additions to the language such as dynamic array location, recursion, single-step array operations, and pointer variables. The author evaluates the new FORTRAN standard particularly with reference to developing and implementing digital signal processing algorithms. FORTRAN 90 is a language with significant new capabilities for solving DSP problems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
TILE INSPECTION – THE RIGHT APPLICATION (1991)

Industrial machine vision gained a reputation in the 1980s for being expensive and unreliable. Martin Coulthard of Surface Inspection Ltd discusses how its reputation might be restored by creating effective solutions for the “right” applications, and illustrates this by describing the implementation of an automatic tile inspection system.
High‐resolution analysis of engineered type I collagen nanofibers by electron microscopy (2001)

Collagen nanofibers were generated at ambient temperature and pressure by electrospinning a 1 wt% solution of type I collagen and polyethylene oxide. Products were imaged with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) at medium (approximately 30,000 x) and high magnifications (approximately 100,000 x) and with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The capacity to produce collagen nanofibers may lead to the generation of extracellular matrix-based fabrics with applications in the fields of wound healing and tissue engineering.
Spontaneous and strong multi-layer graphene n-doping on soda-lime glass and its application in graphene-semiconductor junctions (2016)

Scalable and low-cost doping of graphene could improve technologies in a wide range of fields such as microelectronics, optoelectronics, and energy storage. While achieving strong p-doping is relatively straightforward, non-electrostatic approaches to n-dope graphene, such as chemical doping, have yielded electron densities of 9.5 × 10(12) e/cm(2) or below. Furthermore, chemical doping is susceptible to degradation and can adversely affect intrinsic graphene's properties. Here we demonstrate strong (1.33 × 10(13) e/cm(2)), robust, and spontaneous graphene n-doping on a soda-lime-glass substrate via surface-transfer doping from Na without any external chemical, high-temperature, or vacuum processes. Remarkably, the n-doping reaches 2.11 × 10(13) e/cm(2) when graphene is transferred onto a p-type copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) semiconductor that itself has been deposited onto soda-lime-glass, via surface-transfer doping from Na atoms that diffuse to the CIGS surface. Using this effect, we demonstrate an n-graphene/p-semiconductor Schottky junction with ideality factor of 1.21 and strong photo-response. The ability to achieve strong and persistent graphene n-doping on low-cost, industry-standard materials paves the way toward an entirely new class of graphene-based devices such as photodetectors, photovoltaics, sensors, batteries, and supercapacitors.
Proteome Analysis of Cultured Fibroblasts from Type 1 Diabetic Patients and Normal Subjects (2006)

We generated 2-DE reference maps of the proteome of human skin fibroblasts from both normal and uncomplicated type 1 diabetic patients. Differences in glycolytic enzymes and structural proteins were found. The functional implications of the identified proteins are discussed.
A hydrocarbon microtremor survey over a gas field: Identification of seismic attributes (2007)

Narrow‐band, low‐frequency (from ∼1H to ∼6Hz) microtremor signals have been observed worldwide at the surface over hydrocarbon reservoirs (oil, gas and water multiphase fluid systems in porous media). These low‐frequency ëhydrocarbon microtremorsï possess remarkably similar spectral and signal structure characteristics, pointing to a common source mechanism, even though the depth (some hundreds to several thousands of meters), specific fluid content (oil, gas, gas condensate of different compositions and combinations) and reservoir rock type (such as sandstone, carbonates, etc.) for each of those sites are quite different. In this extended abstract we describe some results of an extensive low‐frequency hydrocarbon microtremor survey carried out in Mexico. We describe how we extract a hydrocarbon potential map from spectral anomalies and compare this map with available reservoir location data. In a detailed analysis of two representative stations of the survey we extract different seismic attributes. Those attributes are compared with a theoretical model which can explain the source mechanism of hydrocarbon microtremors.
Synthesis of [(dimethylamino)alkyl]zirconocene complexes and their dynamic behavior (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of [(dimethylamino)alkyl]zirconocene complexes and their dynamic behaviorKarl Plossl, Jack R. Norton, James G. Davidson, and E. Kent BarefieldCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 2, 534–539Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00038a006https://doi.org/10.1021/om00038a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preencapsulation cleaning methods and control for microelectronics packaging (2002)

We have prepared well-controlled substrates (such as SiO/sub 2/, SiN, SiON) for our cleaning experiments and have developed a series of cleaning processes that achieve the best cleaning results prior to encapsulation. These cleaning processes consist of both chlorofluorohydrocarbon (CFC) and non-CFC solutions including (d-limonene), isopropanol, new surfactants, high purity, deionized water (DI H/sub 2/O) and peroxide (H/sub 2/O/sub 2/), etc. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that contact angle measurements in a 100% RH environment are simple, fast and reliable in detecting the substrate surface cleanliness particularly with respect to hydrocarbon contamination on the first /spl sim/10 angstroms of surface layers. ESCA and contact angle measurement analyses are also used to quantify and correlate the cleaning processes. Results of these processes are given in this report.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prioritized Subset Analysis: Improving Power in Genome-wide Association Studies (2007)

The PSA has the flexibility of allowing investigators to combine prior information from a variety of sources, and will be a useful tool for GWAS.
How do environmental enterprise systems contribute to sustainability value? A practitioner-oriented framework (2016)

Environmental enterprise systems (EES) are integrated software services that offer a platform to automate and manage environmental sustainability processes, data, risk and reporting.EES are widely used in organisations, but their benefits depend on nurturing value creating mechanisms and pathways.Since the organisational value of EES has not been well researched and documented in the information systems literature, we have undertaken an exploratory practitioner literature analysis.The findings indicate that EES investment spurs the development of EES competence and EES-enabled capability which lead to environmental efficiency and competitive values.Based on these findings and drawing from the dynamic capability theory, we contribute an EES value framework.This paper also illustrates to business organisations how to leverage EES's potential to improve environmental sustainability without trading off economic outcome.
Anti-cooperative Biphasic Equilibrium Binding of Transcription Factor Upstream Stimulatory Factor to Its Cognate DNA Monitored by Protein Fluorescence Changes (1995)

Upstream stimulatory factor USF is a human transcriptional activation factor, which uses a basic/helix-loop-helix/ leucin zipper (b/HLH/Z) motif to homodimerize and recognize specific sequences in the promoter region of both nuclear and viral genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Steady state fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that the basic/helix-loop-helix/leucin zipper domain of USF binds its DNA targets with high affinity and specificity, whereas removal of the leucine zipper yielding the basic/helix-loop-helix minimal DNA binding region reduces both affinity and specificity. Stopped flow method provided kinetic evidence for a two-step binding process involving rapid formation of a protein-DNA intermediate followed by a slow isomerization step, which is consistent with the basic region undergoing a random coil to alpha-helix folding transition on specific DNA recognition. The leucine zipper is also necessary for USF to function as a bivalent homotetramer, capable of binding two distinct recognition sites simultaneously and mediating DNA looping under physiologic conditions. Titration studies revealed that the first binding event has a equilibrium constant Keq = (2.2 +/- 2.0) x 10(9) M-1 for major late promoter DNA, whereas the second binding event occurs with a remarkable reduced affinity, Keq = (1.2 +/- 0.8) x 10(8) M-1. This anticooperative feature of DNA binding by the homotetramer suggests that USF stimulates transcription by mediating DNA looping between nearby recognition sites located in class II nuclear and viral gene promoters.
Ocular pain and discomfort after advanced surface ablation: an ignored complaint (2015)

Comorbidities such as pain, photophobia, burning sensation, tearing, and foreign body sensation are prevalent after ASA procedure. Postoperative pain should be taken into consideration due to its prevalence and intensity. A new and more efficient postoperative analgesic protocol should be established.
Migrating running applications across mobile edge clouds (2016)

Mobile edge clouds (MECs) are small cloud-like infrastructures deployed in close proximity to users, allowing users to have seamless and low-latency access to cloud services. When users move across different locations, their service applications often need to be migrated to follow the user so that the benefit of MEC is maintained. In this paper, we propose a layered framework for migrating running applications that are encapsulated either in virtual machines (VMs) or containers. We evaluate the migration performance of various real applications under the proposed framework.
Correlative biomechanical and histologic study of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs (1985)

The mechanical properties of the cranial cruciate ligament were determined, using unilateral bone-ligament-bone preparations from 65 dogs of various ages and body sizes. Tensile loading of the cranial cruciate ligament from 1 of each pair of stifle joints demonstrated a decrease in material properties (modulus, maximum stress, strain energy) with aging. The decreases in maximum stress and strain energy with age were significantly less (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.05, respectively) in the cranial cruciate ligament from dogs weighing less than 15 kg, compared with those weighing 15 kg or more. The cranial cruciate ligament and remaining femorotibial ligaments were collected from the opposite stifle joints and examined microscopically. By 5 years of age, the cranial cruciate ligaments of dogs weighing greater than 15 kg consistently had microscopic evidence of degenerative disease (loss of ligamentocytes, metaplasia of surviving ligamentocytes to chondrocytes, and failure to maintain collagen fibers and primary collagen bundles) which progressed in severity with age. The caudal cruciate ligaments were similarly affected, although the degenerative changes were rarely as severe as in the cranial cruciate ligament. The collateral ligaments underwent minimal degeneration. Sex differences had no bearing on degeneration. The cranial cruciate ligaments in dogs weighing less than 15 kg generally had less severe alterations than those in heavier dogs, and the onset of the degenerative process was delayed by several years. Cranial cruciate ligaments removed from dogs after ligament failure not only had degenerative disease, but also had undergone unsuccessful attempts at repair. In contrast, fibrous repair was rarely present in intact ligaments of asymptomatic dogs with degenerative disease of the cranial cruciate ligament.
Role of extract from cocklebur leaves used for wheat-qu (koji) making described in Chinese old literature Chimin yao shu (1998)

Following the procedures described in the literature, we prepared four kinds of wheat-qu (koji). Two kinds of Shen-qu were made by kneading a blend of roasted wheat with either the extract from cocklebur leaves or water. Two kinds of He-dong-shen-qu were made by kneading a blend of roasted wheat, steamed one, and nonheated one (6: 3: 1) with either the extract from white mulberry, Gosyuyu, cocklebur and mugwort leaves or water. We investigated the number of bacteria and the growth of molds in those kind of qu and antimicrobial properties of the extract from plant leaves. It was found that Shen-qu and He-dong-shen-qu, both prepared with the extract from the respective plant leaves, had 108-109CFU bacteria/g · qu, while those prepared with water instead of the extract, had 1011CFU bacteria/g · qu. Measuring glucosamine in those qu as the index of the growth of molds, Shen-qu and He-dong-shen-qu, prepared with either water or the respective plant extract, showed 4, 000-4, 800 μg glucosamine/g · qu, indicating that the respective extract from the plant leaves didn't inhibit the growth of the molds in each qu. In the paper disk test, extract from cocklebur leaves showed zones of inhibition against Bacillus species isolated from the Shen qu, type culture of B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. firmus, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus, B. sphacricus, Pichia anomala and Pichia pastoris, but didn't against Saccharomyces cerceisiae, Aspcoillus orvzae, niger, four species of Rhizopus including R. oryzae and lactic acid bacteria, all of which are important microorganisms for making fermented alcohol beverages.