gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A propos des apports nutritionnels conseillés (ANC) en lipides (2001)

Les apports nutritionnels conseillés (ANC) qui viennent d’être publiés sont le fruit d’un long travail collectif ayant impliqué près de cent auteurs [1]. En ce qui concerne les lipides, la commission était composée de cinq personnes : J.-M. Bourre, B. Descomps, G. Durand, S. Renaud et P. Legrand. Par rapport à l’édition antérieure (1992), il a été demandé de traiter non seulement les acides gras essentiels mais également les acides gras saturés, mono-insaturés, le cholestérol, etc., et la part des lipides dans l’apport calorique. En complément, une approche par groupe d’âge et/ou statut physiologique est également présentée (nouveau-né, femme enceinte ou allaitante, personne âgée). Sans être révolutionnaires, ces nouveaux ANC proposent plusieurs grandes orientations dictées par l’état des connaissances scientifiques.
Development of a Standardized Chemiluminescence Immunoassay for the Detection of Autoantibodies Against Human M-Type Phospholipase A2 Receptor in Primary Membranous Nephropathy (2019)

The novel anti-PLA2R ChLIA outperforms the ELISA in detecting patients with pMN and demonstrates almost perfect agreement with RC-IFA. It thus presents a promising alternative tool for accurate anti-PLA2R testing, with the advantage of rapid turnaround times and fully automated random-access processing.
A Deep Network Solution for Attention and Aesthetics Aware Photo Cropping (2018)

We study the problem of photo cropping, which aims to find a cropping window of an input image to preserve as much as possible its important parts while being aesthetically pleasant. Seeking a deep learning-based solution, we design a neural network that has two branches for attention box prediction (ABP) and aesthetics assessment (AA), respectively. Given the input image, the ABP network predicts an attention bounding box as an initial minimum cropping window, around which a set of cropping candidates are generated with little loss of important information. Then, the AA network is employed to select the final cropping window with the best aesthetic quality among the candidates. The two sub-networks are designed to share the same full-image convolutional feature map, and thus are computationally efficient. By leveraging attention prediction and aesthetics assessment, the cropping model produces high-quality cropping results, even with the limited availability of training data for photo cropping. The experimental results on benchmark datasets clearly validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. In addition, our approach runs at 5 fps, outperforming most previous solutions. The code and results are available at: https://github.com/shenjianbing/DeepCropping.
A cross-layer approach for enabling low duty cycled ZigBee mesh sensor networks (2008)

In this paper large scale multihop sensor networks are established as non-beacon enabled ZigBee mesh networks. The lifetime of the network is increased by putting nodes to sleep and to wakeup state autonomously. To enable a reliable system with sensor nodes sleeping in an asynchronous manner, we propose a cross-layer sleep scheduling solution coupled with ZigBee’s proposed AODV routing. It consists of two parts: a) Neighbor Aware Communication (NAC) and b) Adaptive Resynchronization (AR). NAC avoids sending packets to sleeping nodes while AR allows the sensor nodes to adapt their sleeping schedule to their neighbors’ duty cycles. ns-2-simulations show that the performance of such a cross-layer optimized system in terms of end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio is comparable to the benchmark case of synchronized sleep schedules.
Correlation-Sensitive Next-Basket Recommendation (2019)

Items adopted by a user over time are indicative of the underlying preferences. We are concerned with learning such preferences from observed sequences of adoptions for recommendation. As multiple items are commonly adopted concurrently, e.g., a basket of grocery items or a sitting of media consumption, we deal with a sequence of baskets as input, and seek to recommend the next basket. Intuitively, a basket tends to contain groups of related items that support particular needs. Instead of recommending items independently for the next basket, we hypothesize that incorporating information on pairwise correlations among items would help to arrive at more coherent basket recommendations. Towards this objective, we develop a hierarchical network architecture codenamed Beacon to model basket sequences. Each basket is encoded taking into account the relative importance of items and correlations among item pairs. This encoding is utilized to infer sequential associations along the basket sequence. Extensive experiments on three public real-life datasets showcase the effectiveness of our approach for the next-basket recommendation problem.
Measurement and characterization of fluid flow profile using electrical capacitance tomography (2014)

The concept of electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) was used to characterize the flow of water in a pipe. The technique is based on measuring capacitances from multiple electrodes alongside the surface of the fluid-containing pipe and correlating the measured capacitances to identify changes which could pinpoint the exact location of air bubbles positioned in the pipe. This enables the characterization of the flow of air bubbles along the horizontally flowing water. The innovativeness of the approach comes from the fact that the results could be used to measure and characterize the flow of water in pipes or ducts. Using the proposed technique, flow velocity of water in a pipe was measured to be 0.2936 m/s and the volumetric flow rate was 5.96*10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> /s. Comparing this result with conventional water flow rate measurement of bucket-and-timer method which resulted in flow velocity of 0.30699 m/s and volumetric flow rate of 6.22*10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> /s, the proposed technique had measured flow velocity and flow rate differences of below 5 %. Moreover, by applying tomographic techniques to the capacitive plates, the optimum number of electrodes required in an ECT setup was identified to properly characterize the flow of a given size of air bubble in a pipe. The results indicate that for air bubbles of size larger than 0.0127 m or 0.5 inches in diameter, four electrodes used in the tomographic setup give the required accuracy in identification and localization of air bubbles in water flow in the water pipe.
Autonomous Navigation for Mobile Robot Vehicles Over Hilly Terrain Using Rangefinding Measurements. (1984)

The mobile robot vehicle is equipped with data acquisition and decision making devices for its autonomous navigation over rough terrain. A laser rangefinder is chosen as principal sensing device, which can determine radial distances from the vehicle to points of unpredictable hilly terrain surfaces. The overall procedure conducted for such a design consists of the following interrelated subsystems such as scanning scheme, obstacle detection scheme, terrain slope estimation, and path selection algorithm. Stochastic processes and methods are employed throughout the analysis.
Rapid Detection of Rabies Virus by Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (2009)

In this study, reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was established which can detect 10(3) copies of viral RNA corresponding to approximately 5 fg of RNA. RT-LAMP with the Phil primer set designed according to the nucleotide sequences obtained from a Kyoto patient who contracted rabies in the Philippines was able to amplify all 16 street viral sequences derived from the Philippines. The specificity of RT-LAMP products was easily confirmed by digestion with RsaI restriction enzyme. The reaction of RT-LAMP could be completed within 1 h and could be conducted under isothermal conditions using a conventional water bath or heat blocks, indicating that RT-LAMP is ideal for the diagnosis of rabies in developing countries. Although further study is required to establish more universal RT-LAMP primers applicable to viruses from other regions or countries, the fast, easy, simple, sensitive and specific RT-LAMP method established here might be useful for rabies diagnosis and can facilitate studies of rabies epidemiology where rabies is enzootic, particularly in developing countries.
YopM of Yersinia enterocolitica specifically interacts with α1-antitrypsin without affecting the anti-protease activity (2006)

It was previously shown that alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) interacts with the type III secreted (T3S) EspB and EspD proteins of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), resulting in reduced functionality of the proteins. To determine if AAT is also able to interact with T3S proteins of other pathogens, the binding of AAT to Yop proteins of Yersinia enterocolitica was analysed. AAT did not interact with YopB or YopD, which have functions in type III translocation similar to EspB and EspD in EPEC, but specifically interacts with YopM, a member of the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family of proteins, in overlay and pull-down assays. To determine regions of YopM involved in AAT binding, various N- and C-terminally truncated versions of YopM were recombinantly expressed, and their ability to interact with AAT analysed. All versions tested were able to bind AAT, indicating that at least eight LRR of YopM are sufficient for AAT interaction. The main physiological role of AAT is to inhibit neutrophil elastase; however, elastase was efficiently inhibited by AAT in the presence and absence of YopM, indicating that YopM does not interfere with the anti-protease inhibition activity of AAT, and that the domain of AAT interacting with YopM is not identical to AAT's protease interaction domain. Furthermore, it was shown that elastase efficiently degrades YopM and other Yop proteins. The data suggest that AAT has additional functions in the host response against bacterial infections that are not related to its anti-protease activity.
An examination of the relative importance of four belief constructs on the GSS adoption decision: a comparison of four methods (2002)

Four methods of measuring the relative importance of four belief constructs on the group support system (GSS) adoption decision were evaluated for convergent validity. The methods used were: (1) Likert scaled measures, (2) conjoint measurement, (3) direct ratings of importance, and (4) a paired comparison approach. The first method was further examined under three possible approaches: (1) traditional multiple regression, (2) molar analysis, and (3) molecular analysis. Results show partial convergence among the last three methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Boosting very-high radix division with prescaling and selection by rounding (2001)

An extension of the very-high radix division with prescaling and selection by rounding is presented. This extension consists of increasing the effective radix of the implementation by obtaining a few additional bits of the quotient per iteration, without increasing the complexity of the unit to obtain the prescaling factor or the delay of an iteration. As a consequence, for some values of the effective radix, it permits an implementation with a smaller area and the same execution time of the original scheme. Details of the algorithm and the implementation are presented. Estimations of the execution time and area are given for 54 bit and 114 bit quotients and compared with those of other division units.
Secondary ion mass spectroscopy characterization of the deuterium sintering process for enhanced-lifetime complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor transistors (1998)

We have investigated the lifetime improvements in complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor transistors with nitride sidewalls by the deuterium sintering process. We report the incorporation of deuterium (D) at the gate SiO2/Si interface (overcoming the diffusion barrier of nitride sidewalls) and mean lifetime improvements by a factor of 15. Sintering temperatures ranged from 400 to 480 °C, and the D concentration inside the furnace varied from 10% (in ultra-high purity nitrogen) to 100% with sintering times between 30 and 150 min. We performed secondary ion mass spectrometry to obtain the depth profiles of hydrogen (H) and D in the sintered transistors. The measured D/H concentration ratio at the SiO2/Si interface correlates directly with the sintering parameters and the measured transistor lifetime improvements.
Antiviral activity of bacteria-derived human alpha interferons against encephalomyocarditis virus infection of mice (1982)

Bacteria-derived human leukocyte interferon (IFN) subtypes, IFN-alpha A, -alpha B, and -alpha D, and two hybrid IFNs, IFN-alpha AD and -alpha DA, were examined for both in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity. Two of these materials in highly purified form (IFN-alpha D and -alpha D) protect mice against lethal doses of encephalomyocarditis virus infection. A single dose of 1 microgram of protein of IFN-alpha D 3 h before infection conferred protection in both BDF1 and CD-1 mice against encephalomyocarditis virus infection, and multiple treatments with IFN-alpha D or IFN-alpha AD extend the mean survival time of infected mice. On a weight basis, IFN-alpha AD was approximately 100-fold more effective than IFN-alpha D. There is a direct correlation between the antiviral activity of the various human IFN species in L-929 cells and in mice for both single and multiple treatments before infection, but none of the cloned human IFN subtypes were effective when administered 24 h after infection. Mixtures of the two parental materials, IFN-alpha A and -alpha D, were not as protective as the hybrid molecule IFN-alpha AD, suggesting that IFNs with unique and altered species specificity can be produced by recombinant DNA methods.
Statistical considerations in the estimation of enzyme kinetic parameters by the direct linear plot and other methods (1974)

The statistical implications of the direct linear plot for enzyme kinetic data, described in the preceding paper (Eisenthal & Cornish-Bowden, 1974), are discussed for the case of the Michaelis-Menten equation. The plot is shown to lead directly to non-parametric confidence limits for the kinetic parameters, V and K(m), which depend on far less sweeping assumptions about the nature of experimental error than those implicit in the method of least squares. Median estimates of V and K(m) can also be defined, which are shown to be more robust than the least-squares estimates in a wide variety of experimental situations.
Adrenal dehydroepiandrosterone and human mammary cancer. (1978)

A hypothesis implicating adrenal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (sulfate) in the etiology of human breast cancer of the “adrenal” or “Western” type has been presented (Adams, J. B. Steroid Hormones and Human Breast Cancer. An Hypothesis. Cancer, 40: 325–333, 1977). High concentrations of DHEA sulfate in the blood provide a potentially high flux of the free steroid to mammary tumors, due to the presence therein of a sulfatase. The free steroid, in turn, is metabolized by human mammary tumors in vitro to 5-androstene-3β,17β-diol (ADIOL) and 7-hydroxydehydroeplandrosterone. It has now been found that ADIOL when administered s.c. to immature female rats will deplete the estrogen receptor in the uterine cytosol. Similarly, dimethylbenzanthracene-induced rat mammary tumors, when incubated in vitro with 1 µm ADIOL, show translocation of the estrogen receptor from cytosol to the nucleus, as measured by exchange assays. The magnitude of depletion of cytosol estrogen receptor by ADIOL was less than that obtained with 17β-estradiol, studied at 0.03 µm concentrations, but greater than that with 1 µm dihydrotestosterone. Among a wide group of C19 steroids examined as possible inhibitors of estrogen sulfotransferase, both DHEA and ADIOL showed marked inhibitory properties. By contrast, both 7α- and 7β-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone showed negligible inhibitory effects. This paralleled previous findings on the influence of a 7-hydroxyl group in modifying the ability of ADIOL to compete effectively for the estrogen receptor. Thus the high levels of 7-hydroxylase found in human mammary tumors, and acting on both DHEA and ADIOL, may function in controlling the intracellular concentrations of these steroids.
Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Evaluation and Control (1988)

Twentn-six patients with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) were reviewed to define the clinical characteristics and modes of treatment. Pruritus dominated subjectively, and most of the patients had white lesions. The posterior segments of the vulva were significantly involved (P = 0,006), and laser controlled most of the young patients, local excision being reserved for the older ones. It is concluded that VIN patients should be monitored for possible cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) association, and the perineal region should be observed closely and biopsied selectively in any chronic pruritic patient.
Effects of Forest Practices on the Changes of Characteristics of Forest Stand, Mesopore Ratio and Soil Water Contents in Pinus koraiensis Stands (2008)

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of thinning and pruning on characteristics of forest stand, mesopore ratio and soil water content at the Pinus koraiensis stands in Gwangneung, Gyeonggido. The Pinus koraiensis had been planted in 1976 and thinning and pruning were carried out in 1996. A sample area survey was conducted at experimental plots (thinned and unthinned) in 1998 and 2005, and mesopore ratio and soil water content have been monitored from 2000 to present. Average tree height of the thinned plot increased from 10.9m to 13.2m and from 10.3m to 12.8m for the unthinned plot. Average D.B.H of the thinned plot increased from 15.9cm to 21.1cm and from 14.5cm to 16.7cm for the unthinned plot during the period 1998-2005. Crown density at the thinned plot increased from 81.5% to 95.0% and from 89.5% to 95.0% for the unthinned plot during the period 1998-2005. Mesopore ratio (pF2.7) of A layer soil at the thinned plot was 40.1% while that of the unthinned plot was 37.3%. Changes of mesopore ratio at unthinned plot were not associated with stand age, but those at thinned plot had increased and then decreased, showing declining of the practice effect. Average soil water content at the thinned plot were 23.7% and 22.4% for the unthinned plot. Soil watercontents at both plots have been increased with increase in stand age. But the difference of soil watercontent at each plot has been decreased, especially at the depth of 10cm.
Grain size dependence of the thermal conductivity of polycrystalline chemical vapor deposited β-SiC at low temperatures (1990)

Thermal conductivity data of polycrystalline chemical vapor deposited cubic silicon carbide are calculated from thermal diffusivity and heat capacity data in the temperature region of 80–300 K. Below 200 K, a linear dependence of the thermal conductivity with the product of grain size of the silicon carbide and cubic temperature is observed. This is explained in terms of phonon scattering by the grain boundaries.
Lanthanoid Metal Promoted Reaction of Diaryl Ketones and Thioketones with Isocyanides (1995)

Abstract Ytterbium and samarium metals promote the coupling reaction of diaryl ketones and thioketones with isocyanides, leading to 2,2-diaryl-2-hydroxyethylideneamines and 2-amino-1,1-diarylethylene, respectively, in fairly good yields.
Perturbations in B cell responsiveness to CD4<sup>+</sup>T cell help in HIV-infected individuals (2003)

HIV infection induces a wide array of B cell dysfunctions. We have characterized the effect of plasma viremia on the responsiveness of B cells to CD4(+) T cell help in HIV-infected patients. In HIV-negative donors, B cell proliferation correlated with CD154 expression on activated CD4(+) T cells and with the availability of IL-2, whereas in HIV-infected viremic patients, reduced B cell proliferation was observed despite normal CD154 expression on activated CD4(+) T cells. Reduced triggering of B cells by activated CD4(+) T cells was clearly observed in HIV-infected viremic patients compared with aviremic patients with comparable CD4(+) T cell counts, and a dramatic improvement in B cell function was observed in patients whose plasma viremia was controlled by effective antiretroviral therapy. The degree of B cell dysfunction in viremic patients correlated strongly with the inability of B cells to express CD25 in response to activated CD4(+) T cells, resulting in an inability to mount a normal proliferative response to IL-2. Similar defects in responsiveness to IL-2 were observed in the B cells of HIV-infected viremic patients in the context of B cell receptor stimulation. These data provide new insight into the mechanisms associated with ineffective humoral responses in HIV disease.
On the measurement of microwave permittivity of biological samples using needle-type coaxial probes (1993)

A needle-type coaxial probe for the measurement of radio frequency and microwave permittivity of biological samples is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The probe is obtained by a slanted cut, and therefore the radiation aperture is elliptical. Both theoretical analysis and experiments show that the measurement sensitivity is improved with the increased bevel angle of the probe. Calibration results using water and air at low frequencies are in agreement with theoretical calculations. Measurements on three biological samples (sonicated DNA macromolecules, water solutions of protein (the protamine), and in -aminocaproic acid) were made from 1 MHz to 1 GHz. All the measured results are in very good agreement with similar tests obtained from the same materials using a standard probe. The theoretical and experimental results show that the probe improves measurement sensitivity and it facilitates insertion into some test samples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (1980)

Antihypertensive drugs are used to prevent the cardiovascular, renal, and neurological complications of high blood pressure. A rational approach to treatment is to observe the effects of a thiazide diuretic, and then add a β-adrenoceptor antagonist if the antihypertensive response is inadequate. Patients still refractory usually respond to either a centrally active agent, a direct-acting vasodilator, or an α-adrenoceptor antagonist. The clinical value and limitations of monitoring antihypertensive drug therapy are discussed.