gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production and <i>In Vivo</i> Characterization of a Bifunctional Antibody (IVA039.1) with Specificity for the Mouse Interleukin-2 Receptor and Vinca Alkaloids (1994)

The autoreactive T cell plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of type I diabetes in humans and in rodent animal models. Elimination or attenuation of these cells may provide a means to treat the disease. The use of antibodies directed to T cells has shown varying degrees of effectiveness in the treatment of autoimmune disease. The use of a bifunctional antibody directed to T cells with a cytolytic agent may provide an additional level of therapeutic efficacy compared to anti-T-cell antibodies alone. To test this hypothesis, we prepared a bifunctional antibody (IVA039.1) with specificity for the mouse interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor and vinca alkaloids. The antibody was derived from the fusion of vinca immune spleen cells with PC61 5.3, a hybridoma that produces rat anti-mouse IL-2 receptor antibody. IVA039.1 was purified by affinity chromatography through Protein A and anti-vinca affinity columns followed by TSK-DEAE high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Bifunctionality of the antibody was confirmed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) and a cell assay designed to measure simultaneously both IL-2 receptor and vinca reactivities. The biodistribution of IVA039.1 was determined in normal and streptozotocin-complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced diabetic mice. Enhanced uptake of IVA039.1 was observed in the pancreata, spleens, and lymph nodes of diabetic compared to normal mice. These data suggest that bifunctional antibodies that can deliver cytolytic agents to T cells may be appropriate candidates for the treatment of diabetes and other autoimmune diseases.
Protein Secretion Systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: An Essay on Diversity, Evolution, and Function (2011)

Protein secretion systems are molecular nanomachines used by Gram-negative bacteria to thrive within their environment. They are used to release enzymes that hydrolyze complex carbon sources into usable compounds, or to release proteins that capture essential ions such as iron. They are also used to colonize and survive within eukaryotic hosts, causing acute or chronic infections, subverting the host cell response and escaping the immune system. In this article, the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is used as a model to review the diversity of secretion systems that bacteria have evolved to achieve these goals. This diversity may result from a progressive transformation of cell envelope complexes that initially may not have been dedicated to secretion. The striking similarities between secretion systems and type IV pili, flagella, bacteriophage tail, or efflux pumps is a nice illustration of this evolution. Differences are also needed since various secretion configurations call for diversity. For example, some proteins are released in the extracellular medium while others are directly injected into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. Some proteins are folded before being released and transit into the periplasm. Other proteins cross the whole cell envelope at once in an unfolded state. However, the secretion system requires conserved basic elements or features. For example, there is a need for an energy source or for an outer membrane channel. The structure of this review is thus quite unconventional. Instead of listing secretion types one after each other, it presents a melting pot of concepts indicating that secretion types are in constant evolution and use basic principles. In other words, emergence of new secretion systems could be predicted the way Mendeleïev had anticipated characteristics of yet unknown elements.
Relative benchmark rating and persistence analysis: Evidence from Italian equity funds (2005)

Abstract The recent introduction into the Italian mutual fund market of Morningstar performance rating of private institutions gives rise to the question of what is the relation between this relative benchmark measure and the other traditional performance measures. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the relative benchmark performance measure (Morningstar rating) applied to Italian equity funds. It is found that this performance measure is highly correlated with the classical performance measures (Sharpe ratio, Sortino ratio and Treynor ratio) and poorly correlated with the customized benchmark measure (Information ratio). Furthermore, performing a persistence analysis, using non-parametric methods Cross-product Ratio and Chi-squared test, it is observed that only the Morningstar rating measure generates a strong degree of persistence. These results deviate from most European studies, which argue that Italian mutual funds display weak persistence.
New Paradigms for the Chiral Synthesis of Inositol Phosphates (2015)

Paradigms found: Inositol phosphates are biomolecules found ubiquitously in eukaryotes, in which they play a number of vital biological roles. Their enantioselective synthesis has recently received a boost from two complementary phosphorylation methods that could change the way they are synthesised, and hopefully provide invaluable chemical biology tools to further our understanding of this large family.
Synthesis of a C60-oligophenylenevinylene hybrid and its incorporation in a photovoltaic device (1999)

A fulleropyrrolidine derivative bearing an oligophenylenevinylene substituent has been prepared by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of an azomethine ylide to C60 and incorporated in a photovoltaic device.<br/><br/>
The VLSI kernel of neural algorithms (2002)

A unified description of neural algorithms by means of general objective functions is shown to be the key to economic design of software and hardware. The compute-intensive algorithmic strings present in the dynamical equations corresponding to an objective function are to be executed by dedicated VLSI circuits. Cellular neural networks are recovered as a special case, and a corresponding general learning rule is derived.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of Hydrogen Acceptors on p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> of Phenolic Resins:  Link to Dissolution Inhibition (1998)

Dissolution inhibition in positive resists is brought about by an inductive polarization effect of strong hydrogen acceptors, which creates hydrogen-bonded strings of OH groups. The acidity of the OH groups bound in the strings is considerably lower than that of phenols in the bulk of the system. It is the reduction in the concentration of protons in equilibrium with the various parts of the resin that lowers the rate of phenol deprotonation and with it the rate of resin dissolution. Here we describe changes in the pKa of the resin in the presence of hydrogen acceptors (dissolution inhibitiors) and we demonstrate the existence of a quantitative link between acidity changes and inhibition factors.
Auction based interface selection with Media Independent Handover services and flow management (2010)

The widespread use of heterogeneous wireless technologies, their integration and existence of multi-mode terminals enable users get associated to the best available networks according to user preferences over different application specific requirements, prices and network technologies. In this paper we present the user-centric interface selection decision, where negotiation between users and network operators is carried out using multi-attribute auctioning mechanism. We do not only consider the utility of users but also model the network operators' utility and discuss the truth telling behavior of network operators in terms of offered prices and service quality. The proposed approach builds on IEEE 802.21 standard. SIP and IPv6 based flow management approaches are discussed, the later approach is implemented using OPNET modeller simulator. The performance of our approach is compared with Long-term contractual approach in terms of users throughput, users' cost, operators' revenue and call blocking probability.
Removal of nitrogen oxides with aqueous solutions of inorganic and organic reagents (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemoval of nitrogen oxides with aqueous solutions of inorganic and organic reagentsHaruo Kobayashi, Nobutsune Takezawa, and Toshinori NikiCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1977, 11, 2, 190–192Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60125a011https://doi.org/10.1021/es60125a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PMF Scoring Revisited (2005)

Knowledge-based scoring functions have become accepted choices for fast scoring putative protein-ligand complexes according to their binding affinities. Since their introduction 5 years ago, the knowledge base of protein-ligand complexes has grown to the point were rederiving potentials of mean force becomes meaningful for statistical reasons. Revisiting potential of mean force (PMF) scoring (J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 791), we present an updated PMF04 scoring function that is based on 7152 protein-ligand complexes from the PDB. This constitutes an increase of about 10-fold compared to the knowledge base of the original PMF99 score (697 complexes). Because of the increased statistical basis of the PMF04 score, potentials for metal ions have been derived for the first time. In addition, potentials for halogens have reached statistical significance and are included also. Comparison of scoring accuracies between PMF99 and PMF04 shows an increased performance of the new score for many well-established test sets. Extending the testing of PMF scoring to the recently introduced PDBbind database containing the large number of 800 protein-ligand complexes illustrates the current limits of the approach.
A computationally feasible approximate resolution matrix for seismic inverse problems (1996)

Seismic inversion produces model estimates which arc at most unique in an average sense. The model resolution matrix quantifies the spatial extent over which the estimate averages the true model. Although the resolution matrix has traditionally been defined in terms of the singular value decomposition of the discretized forward problem, this computation is prohibitive for inverse problems of realistic size. Inversion requires one to solve a large normal matrix system which is best tackled by an iterative technique such as the conjugate gradient method. The close connection between the conjugate gradient and Lanczos algorithms allows us to construct an extremely inexpensive approximation to the model resolution matrix. Synthetic experiments indicate the data dependence of this particular approximation. The approximation is very good in the vicinity of large events in the data. Two large linear viscoelastic inversion experiments on p-τ marine data from the Gulf of Mexico provide estimates of the elastic parameter reflectivities corresponding to two different seismic sources. Traditionally, one evaluates the accuracy of the two reflectivity estimates by comparing them with measured well logs. The approximate model resolution matrices agree with the well-log ranking of the two models and provide us with a way to compare different model estimates when, for example, such well-log measurements are not available.
Fabrication of cell container arrays with overlaid surface topographies (2011)

This paper presents cell culture substrates in the form of microcontainer arrays with overlaid surface topographies, and a technology for their fabrication. The new fabrication technology is based on microscale thermoforming of thin polymer films whose surfaces are topographically prepatterned on a micro- or nanoscale. For microthermoforming, we apply a new process on the basis of temporary back moulding of polymer films and use the novel concept of a perforated-sheet-like mould. Thermal micro- or nanoimprinting is applied for prepatterning. The novel cell container arrays are fabricated from polylactic acid (PLA) films. The thin-walled microcontainer structures have the shape of a spherical calotte merging into a hexagonal shape at their upper circumferential edges. In the arrays, the cell containers are arranged densely packed in honeycomb fashion. The inner surfaces of the highly curved container walls are provided with various topographical micro- and nanopatterns. For a first validation of the microcontainer arrays as in vitro cell culture substrates, C2C12 mouse premyoblasts are cultured in containers with microgrooved surfaces and shown to align along the grooves in the three-dimensional film substrates. In future stem-cell-biological and tissue engineering applications, microcontainers fabricated using the proposed technology may act as geometrically defined artificial microenvironments or niches.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Hydrazino and <i>N</i>‐Benzylidinehydrazino‐Substituted 4,8‐Dihydro‐1<i>H</i>,3<i>H</i>‐pyrimido[4,5‐<i>d</i>]pyrimidin‐2,7‐dithiones (2006)

A number of novel pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7-dithone derivatives bearing hydrazino and N-benzylidinehydrazino substitution were efficiently synthesized and screened for in vitro antibacterial activities against the representative panel of three Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria. All the synthesized compounds showed the potent inhibitory action against Gram-positive bacteria. Particularly, N-benzylidinehydrazino-substituted compounds imparted profound effect. Furthermore, the Connolly-accessible surface area values were also calculated for the target compounds and correlated with the expressed biological activity.
RPC automation: making legacy code relevant (2013)

Due to the well-known issues with Remote Procedure Calls (RPC), the rather simple idea of modifying legacy applications - that have low spatial locality to the data they need to process - to execute all of their procedures via RPC is not a feasible option. A more realistic and feasible alternative is to provide a self-management mechanism that can dynamically monitor and alter the execution of an existing application by selectively modifying certain procedures to execute remotely when it is necessary to improve spatial locality. In this paper we describe the motivations behind such a self-management mechanism, and outline an initial design. In addition, we introduce our vision for the required profiling component of these applications. As such, we introduce the Automated Legacy system Remote Procedure Call mechanism (ALRPC). It automatically converts existing monolithic C applications into a distributed system semi-automatically. Thus automation is a key criterion for successfully competing with existing remote procedure tools for legacy applications and with newer solutions such as SOAP and REST [12], [21]. ALRPC is the core component to convert monolithic applications into distributable self-adaptive RPC systems. The empirical results collected from our initial experiments show that our mechanism's level of automation outperforms existing industry strength tools and improves development time. At the same time our mechanism is able to correctly function with a significant code base and shows acceptable performance in initial tests.
Biomimetic Syntheses of (−)-Gochnatiolides A–C and (−)-Ainsliadimer B (2012)

We report the first biomimetic syntheses of (-)-gochnatiolides A-C and (-)-ainsliadimer B based on our proposed biogenetic pathway. Our synthesis features one-pot cascade transformations including Saegusa oxidation, intermolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition, and radical-mediated allylic oxidation, which allow for the rapid generation of (-)-gochnatiolides A-C in a collective manner. We also disclose an unprecedented "copper effect" on the stereochemical outcome of the radical-mediated allylic oxidation. Our synthetic endeavors led to the structural reassignment of (-)-gochnatiolide B. Ultimately, a biomimetic transformation from gochnatiolide B to ainsliadimer B was achieved through a remarkable direct enone hydration.
Hybrid integrated plasmonic-photonic waveguides for on-chip localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing and spectroscopy (2013)

We experimentally demonstrate efficient extinction spectroscopy of single plasmonic gold nanorods with exquisite fidelity (SNR > 20dB) and high efficiency light coupling (e. g., 9.7%) to individual plasmonic nanoparticles in an integrated platform. We demonstrate chip-scale integration of lithographically defined plasmonic nanoparticles on silicon nitride (Si3N4) ridge waveguides for on-chip localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing. The integration of this hybrid plasmonic-photonic platform with microfluidic sample delivery system is also discussed for on-chip LSPR sensing of D-glucose with a large sensitivity of ∼ 250 nm/RIU. The proposed architecture provides an efficient means of interrogating individual plasmonic nanoparticles with large SNR in an integrated alignment-insensitive platform, suitable for high-density on-chip sensing and spectroscopy applications.
Characterization of Source- and Sink-Specific Sucrose/H+ Symporters from Carrot (1998)

To understand how sucrose (Suc) is transported from source leaves to developing tap roots of carrot (Daucus carota L.), we cloned two cDNAs (DcSUT1 and DcSUT2) for proteins with homologies to plant Suc/H+ symporters. The deduced polypeptide sequences are 52% identical and have 12 predicted membrane-spanning domains each. Transport activities were confirmed by expression of the clones in yeast cells. Both transporters had optimal activity below pH 5.0 and Michaelis constant values of 0.5 mM. Suc uptake was inhibited by protonophores, suggesting that Suc transport is linked to the proton electrochemical potential across the plasma membrane. DcSUT1 and DcSUT2 had markedly different expression patterns. Transcripts of DcSUT1 were found only in the green parts of plants, with highest levels in the lamina of source leaves, indicating that DcSUT1 is required for the loading of Suc into the phloem. In leaf lamina expression was diurnally regulated, suggesting that Suc export from the leaves is higher during the day than during the night. The mRNA of DcSUT2 was found mainly in sink organs, and no diurnal expression pattern was detected in the storage root. Here, expression was not restricted to the phloem but was much higher in storage parenchyma tissues of phloem and xylem. The close relationship of DcSUT2 with a Suc/H+ symporter from fava bean, which facilitates Suc uptake into the cotyledons of developing seeds, indicates that this carrot Suc transporter may be involved in loading Suc into storage parenchyma cells.
Identification of Two Neutralizing Regions on the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Produced from the Mammalian Expression System (2005)

The Spike (S) protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) plays important roles in viral pathogenesis and potentially in the development of an effective vaccine against this virulent infectious disease. In this study, the codon-optimized S gene of SARS-CoV was synthesized to construct DNA vaccine plasmids expressing either the full-length or segments of the S protein. High titer S-specific immunoglobulin G antibody responses were elicited in rabbits immunized with DNA against various segments of the S protein. Two neutralizing domains were identified on the S protein, one at the N terminus (Ser12-Thr535) and the other near the C terminus (Arg797-Ile1192).
Waiting in the wings: The potential of mosquito transmitted flaviviruses to emerge (2016)

The sudden dramatic emergence of the mosquito transmitted flavivirus Zika virus has bought to the world's attention a relatively obscure virus that was previously only known to specialist researchers. The genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae contains a number of well-known mosquito transmitted human pathogenic viruses including the dengue, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and West Nile viruses. However, the genus also contains a number of lesser known human pathogenic viruses transmitted by mosquitoes including Wesselsbron virus, Ilheus virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus and Usutu virus. This review summarizes our knowledge of these lesser known mosquito transmitted flaviviruses and highlights their potential to emerge.
The loop region of the helix-loop-helix protein Id1 is critical for its dominant negative activity. (1993)

Id1, a helix-loop-helix (HLH) protein which lacks a DNA binding domain, has been shown to negatively regulate other members of the HLH family by direct protein-protein interactions, both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we report the results of site-directed mutagenesis experiments aimed at defining the regions of Id1 which are important for its activity. We have found that the HLH domain of Id1 is necessary and nearly sufficient for its activity. In addition, we show that two amino acid residues at the amino terminus of the Id1 loop are critical for its activity, perhaps by specifying the correct dimerization partners. In this regard, replacing the first four amino acids of the loops of the basic HLH proteins E12 and E47 with the corresponding amino acids of Id1 confers Id1 dimerization specificity. These studies point to the loop region as an important structural and functional element of the Id subfamily of HLH proteins.
An optimal choice of temporal frequencies for imaging: Application to waveform inversion (2001)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001An optimal choice of temporal frequencies for imaging: Application to waveform inversionAuthors: L. SirgueR. G. PrattL. SirgueEcole Normale Supérieure de Paris/ CGG R & D and R. G. PrattQueen's Universityhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816725 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816725FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByHow to choose a subset of frequencies in frequency-domain finite-difference migration22 July 2004 | Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 158, No. 3 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2001 Pages: 2135 publication data© 2001 Copyright © 2001 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION L. Sirgue and R. G. Pratt, (2001), "An optimal choice of temporal frequencies for imaging: Application to waveform inversion," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 698-701. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816725 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...