gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Urea transport by macrocyclic carriers through a supported liquid membrane (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUrea transport by macrocyclic carriers through a supported liquid membraneWilma F. Nijenhuis, Arie R. Van Doorn, Arjen M. Reichwein, Feike De Jong, and David N. ReinhoudtCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 9, 3607–3608Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00009a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00009a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views209Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modelling passenger flows in public transport facilities (2004)

This thesis describes the developement of a new type of simulation tool for the assessment of designs of public transport facilities (stations, airports) and other public spaces with intensive pedestrian flows. Since the available space for such facilities is increasingly under pressure, the space efficiency and walking comfort is becoming more and more important. The developed simulation tool provides designers and decision-makers with all kinds of quantitative information about the expected quality of pedestrian (traffic) flows such as travel times, waiting times, queue building, preferred routes, visits to shops and counters, etc. This information is very useful in comparing multiple designs as well as to optimise a specific design. The simulation model also is meant to improve schedules of public transport services at interchange nodes by minimising passenger transfer times. To that end, special attention is paid to the modelling of boarding and alighting processes. New insights about walking have been gained by performing unique large-scale laboratory experiments in which large groups of subjects were assigned various walking tasks, such as high volume crossing flows and walking through bottlenecks until flow breaks down. Specific walking and route choice models are developed using observations of passengers on platforms (such as in Delft) and route choice through the station (such as in Delft and Breda). The tool has proven its value in the analysis of new designs of the future Rotterdam Central Station and performance tests of the new Breskens-Vlissingen ferry terminals.
Ancestral Human Diets (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Available food Nutritional composition
Replication-defective genomic HSV gene therapy vectors: design, production and CNS applications. (2005)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a neurotropic double-stranded DNA virus. In an unmodified form it is a human pathogen, causing recurrent cold sores, keratitis and, rarely, severe encephalitis. Elimination of pathogenic functions results in the generation of a valuable gene transfer vector for neurological applications. Replication-defective genomic HSV-based vectors are highly infectious, and efficiently transduce and express transgenes in a broad range of both dividing and non-dividing cells. Clinically relevant yields of clinical grade vector can be produced by growth in cell lines that complement the viral functions that are deleted in the vectors to eliminate pathogenicity. The viral genome is over 150 kb in length and many of the viral genes may be deleted without compromising viral growth in vitro, and therefore large or multiple transgenes can be accommodated within the vectors. The wild-type virus adopts a lifelong latent state in neurons of sensory ganglia. This property can be exploited in the generation of vectors to allow long-term transgene expression in neurons. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the areas of vector development and vector production, and in developing gene transfer therapeutics to treat malignant glioma.
Characterization of the ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase gene from Mamestra brassicae nucleopolyhedrovirus (1996)

The ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase (egt) gene of Mamestra brassicae multinucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (MbMNPV) has been cloned and characterized. MbMNPV egt potentially encodes a protein of 528 amino acids. Analysis of the substrate specificity of the MbMNPV EGT protein showed that it mirrors that of Autographa californica MNPV (AcMNPV) EGT. MbMNPV EGT also appears to be secreted from infected cells. Confirmation that the cloned gene encodes an active EGT was obtained by transient expression assays. Phylogenetic trees of NPVs were generated based on the alignment of baculovirus EGT sequences. These phylogenies support the classification of MbMNPV as a group II NPV that is most closely related to Spodoptera exigua MNPV. Comparison of the EGT-based phylogenies with polyhedrin/granulin-based phylogenies shows that the position of AcMNPV is different in the two trees, possibly indicating that AcMNPV acquired its polyhedrin gene by recombination with another virus.
Video coding of 8K UHDTV by HEVC/H.265 with spatio-gradational reduction and its restoration (2015)

In order to perform high compression coding of 8K UHDTV with a 12-bit depth, we propose a video coding method with spatio-gradational reduction before the HEVC/H.265 encoding procedure and its restoration after the decoding procedure. Original 8K UHDTV is reduced spatio-gradationally to a 4K image with an 8-bit depth by Lloyd-Max quantization with wavelet decomposition to minimize quantization errors and to prevent degradation for high compression coding. This spatio-gradationally reduced image is restored by wavelet image super-resolution with interpolation of gradation after the decoding procedure. In order to restore the original image faithfully, restoration parameters are selected so as to minimize the difference between the spatio-gradationally restored image and its original image on the encoder side and are then transmitted to the decoder side as side information. Experiments show that the proposed method has a better PSNR value and subjective quality than conventional HEVC/H.265 in cases of low bitrate. The proposed method delivers particularly high quality when an original image features high encoding difficulty and a biased histogram.
Measurement depth of laser-induced tissue fluorescence with application to laser angioplasty (1988)

Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to discriminate between normal and atherosclerotic tissue and guide the delivery of high-power laser energy for laser angioplasty. The depth of tissue from which fluorescence is measured should closely match the depth of laser ablation and, from a practical standpoint, should be neither too small nor too large. This paper investigates the depth of the fluorescence signal. A simple mathematical model is presented. An experimental procedure for determining this depth is described. The results agree well with the model. The implications of the findings to the development of a practical fluorescence-guided laser angioplasty system are discussed.
Improved diffusion barrier by stuffing the grain boundaries of TiN with a thin Al interlayer for Cu metallization (2001)

A laterally segregated diffusion barrier was investigated for Cu metallization. In this scheme, the intended final structure is composed of two different barrier materials; one is the parent barrier layer (TiN, in our case) and the other (Al2O3, in this case) is segregated laterally along the grain boundaries of the parent barrier layer. As a result, the fast diffusion paths, the so-called grain boundaries of the parent diffusion barrier, are effectively passivated. To realize this type of barrier experimentally, the TiN(5 nm)/Al(2 nm)/TiN(5 nm) structure was fabricated by sequential sputtering and compared with TiN(10 nm) as a diffusion barrier against Cu. The etch pit test results indicated that the barrier with the Al interlayer prevented Cu diffusion into the Si up to 650 °C, which is 250 °C higher than achieved by a TiN(10 nm) barrier.
Olfactory deficits in mice overexpressing human wildtype α‐synuclein (2008)

Accumulation of alpha-synuclein in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system is a hallmark of sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) and mutations that increase alpha-synuclein levels cause familial PD. Transgenic mice overexpressing alpha-synuclein under the Thy1 promoter (Thy1-aSyn) have high levels of alpha-synuclein expression throughout the brain but no loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons up to 8 months, suggesting that they may be useful to model pre-clinical stages of PD. Olfactory dysfunction often precedes the onset of the cardinal motor symptoms of PD by several years and includes deficits in odor detection, discrimination and identification. In the present study, we measured olfactory function in 3- and 9-month-old male Thy1-aSyn mice with a buried pellet test based on latency to find an exposed or hidden odorant, a block test based on exposure to self and non-self odors, and a habituation/dishabituation test based on exposure to non-social odors. In a separate group of mice, alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity was assessed in the olfactory bulb. Compared with wildtype littermates, Thy1-aSyn mice could still detect and habituate to odors but showed olfactory impairments in aspects of all three testing paradigms. Thy1-aSyn mice also displayed proteinase K-resistant alpha-synuclein inclusions throughout the olfactory bulb. These data indicate that overexpression of alpha-synuclein is sufficient to cause olfactory deficits in mice similar to that observed in patients with PD. Furthermore, the buried pellet and block tests provided sufficient power for the detection of a 50% drug effect, indicating their usefulness for testing novel neuroprotective therapies.
Clinical and serological responses to an inactivated influenza vaccine in adults with HIV infection, diabetes, obstructive airways disease, elderly adults and healthy volunteers (1997)

To investigate the clinical and serological responses to an inactivated influenza vaccine (split-virion A/Singapore/6/86-like strains H1N1 (15 ug HA), A/Beijing/353/89-like H3N2 (15 ug HA) and B/Yamagata/16/88-like strain (15 ug HA): MFV-JECT, Merieux, UK) in persons with HIV infection, diabetes, obstructive lung diseases, elderly adults and healthy volunteers. Forty-nine HIV-infected persons received 2 doses of the vaccine at one-month intervals; 34 healthy volunteers, 30 elderly persons, 29 with insulin and non-insulin diabetes and 14 with obstructive airways diseases were vaccinated with one single dose between October 1992 to January 1993. Serological testing of antibody responses was done using haemagglutination assay. Beta2-microglobulin in HIV-infected persons was measured using radioimmunodiffusion between 1st and 2nd dose. Fructosamine levels in diabetic persons were assessed for diabetic control and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was self monitored in persons with lung diseases. All groups apart from the elderly filled in a symptom score chart for the first 5 days following vaccination. A 4-fold rise in titre equal to or more than 1:64 to all the 3 antigens occurred in 20 (58.8%) of healthy volunteers compared with 13 (44.8%) diabetics, 5 (35.7%) with lung diseases, 10 (33.3%) elderly and 13 (26.5%) with HIV infection. A significant correlation of serological response to number of CD4 count in persons with HIV infection was noted (H1N1 P=0.0013, H3N2 P=0.025, BYAM P=0.0018). Mean beta2-microglobulin levels did not change significantly post 1st and 2nd vaccination. Mean fructosamine level did not change significantly. There was no significant change in PEFR. The vaccine was well tolerated. Persons with HIV infection and low CD4 count do not serologically respond well to influenza vaccine even with 2 doses compared to the other 4 groups. The other 4 groups had adequate protective serologic responses. The vaccine was well tolerated in all groups.
Evaluation of protection against virulent bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in calves that had maternal antibodies and were vaccinated with a modified-live vaccine (2006)

Results indicated that the modified-live virus vaccine induced a strong protective immune response in young calves, even when plasma concentrations of maternal antibody were high. In addition, all vaccinated calves were protected against viral shedding, whereas control calves vaccinated with the sham vaccine shed virus for an extended period of time.
A STUDY OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN <i>MACACA IRUS</i> WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DETECTION OF OVULATION (1970)

Summary. Three methods were used for the detection of ovulation in twenty-five cycles of sixteen monkeys of the species Macaca irus: (1) rectal palpation of the urogenital tract, (2) the karyopycnotic index (KPI) of the vaginal smear cytology, and (3) a simple chemical test for the apparent changes in the chloride content of the vaginal mucus. Daily vaginal smears were necessary to indicate the first day of the menstrual cycle as, in some animals, menstruation began as an occult flow lasting 1 to 3 days. Rectal palpation of the uterus and ovaries gave the precise time of ovulation and was the only method which would differentiate, with certainty, between ovulation and anovulation. Both KPI and the vaginal mucus chloride test failed to indicate accurately the time of ovulation, and in some cases gave a false indication of ovulation, but the chloride test did give several days' warning that ovulation was imminent.
Synergistic Lethal Action of Alkylating Agents and Sodium Pentobarbital in the Mouse (1974)

The data reported demonstrate a synergistic response between the alkylating agents nitrogen mustard, cyclophosphamide, and thio-TEPA, and the barbiturate sodium pentobarbital. The synergistic toxicity found during the 24-hour observation period, occurred only when the alkylating agents were administered concomitantly with pentobarbital. For example, the LD50 of nitrogen mustard, cyclophosphamide, and thio-TEPA, determined in mice, 24-hour post-injection, was 24 mg/kg, 510 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively. When administered simultaneously with a non-lethal dose of 60 mg pentobarbital/kg, the LD50 of (a) nitrogen mustard, was reduced to 14.5 mg/kg; (b) cyclophosphamide, to 220 mg/kg and (c) thio-TEPA, to 250 mg/kg. Two alkylating agents displayed little (melphalan) or no (chlorambucil) enhanced toxicity for mice when given with pentobarbital. Atropine, 2 mg/kg, but not hexamethonium, 20 mg/kg, or decamethonium, 0.3 mg/kg, had definite palliative effects on the alkylating agent-pentobarbital interactions, thus suggesting a cholinergic mechanism for the synergies.
Conversion of some pyrimidine 2′-deoxyribonucleosides into the corresponding 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxynucleosides (1992)

Thymidine 4b was converted into 2,3′-anhydro-1-(2′-deoxy-β-D-threo-pentofuranosyl)thymine 7b in ∼65% isolated yield by being heated at 155 °C with an excess of diphenyl sulfite and 1-methylimidazole in N,N-dimethylacetamide solution. 2′-Deoxyuridine 4a, 2′-deoxy-5-ethyluridine 4c and 2′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine 4d were similarly converted into 2,3′-anhydronucleosides which were isolated as their 5′-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) derivatives 8a, 8c and 8d in 51, 50 and 59% yield, respectively. When the oxetane derivatives 5a–d, prepared by the literature procedure from the parent 2′-deoxynucleosides 4a–d, were heated with an excess of sodium hydride in N,N-dimethylacetamide solution at 100 °C, they were converted into the corresponding 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxynucleo-sides 6a–d in 68, 76, 69 and 74% isolated yield, respectively. The latter compounds were similarly prepared from the 2,3′-anhydronucleosides 7a–d in 71, 81, 69 and 74% isolated yield, respectively. 2,3′-Anhydro-5′-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-2′-deoxy-5-(trifluorornethyl)- and -5-iodo-1 -(β-D-threo-pentofuranosyl)uracil 8e and 8f, which were themselves prepared from the parent 2′-deoxynucleosides 4e and 4f, respectively, in ∼60 and 50% yield, were converted by a three-step procedure via the intermediate 2′-deoxy-3′-(phenylseleno) derivatives 10e and 10f into the corresponding 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxynucleosides 6e and 6f in 52 and 49% overall yield, respectively. Compound 8e was also converted into 2′,3′-dideoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)uridine 11b and 3′-azido-2′,3′-dideoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)uridine 11c in 49 and 66% overall yield, respectively.
Influence of Segmented Rods and their Alignment on the Performance of a Quadrupole Mass Filter (1970)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation W. Arnold; Influence of Segmented Rods and their Alignment on the Performance of a Quadrupole Mass Filter. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1 January 1970; 7 (1): 191–194. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1315792 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Bacon (bleomycin, adriamycin, CCNU, oncovin and nitrogen mustard) in squamous lung cancer. Experience in fifty patients (1976)

Fifty patients with inoperable squamous carcinoma of the lung. 38 with extensive, and 12 with limited disease, were treated with BACON. Tumor regression greater than 50% was observed in 17 patients (45%) with extensive, and four patients (33%) with limited disease. Stabilization of disease for greater than or equal to 8 weeks was seen in four extensive and eight limited patients, and had the same prognostic importance with regard to survival as response: in extensive disease, responding and stable patients had median survival (MST) of 26 weeks from start of therapy, while MST for non-responders was 9 weeks. MST in limited disease (all patients responding or stable) was 32 weeks. Analysis of survival in extensive disease by performance status showed improvement in each category over historical control results for supportive care alone. BACON was better tolerated and probably more effective when CCNU was given every 8 weeks, rather than every 4 weeks.
Screening for Plant Growth–Promoting Rhizobacteria to Promote Early Soybean Growth (1999)

Although many studies have been conducted to identify the specific traits by which plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) promote plant growth, usually they were limited to studying just one or two of these traits. We selected 116 isolates from bulk soil and the rhizosphere of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and examined them for a wide array of traits that might increase early soybean growth in nonsterile soil (PGPR traits). A subsample of 23 isolates, all but one of which tested positive for one or more of these PGPR traits, was further screened for traits associated with biocontrol, (brady)rhizobial inhibition, and rhizosphere competence. Six of eight isolates positive for 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate (ACC, a precursor of ethylene) deaminase production, four of seven isolates positive for siderophore production, three of four isolates positive for β‐1,3‐glucanase production, and two of five isolates positive for P solubilization increased at least one aspect of early soybean growth. One isolate, which did not share any of the PGPR traits tested in vitro except antagonism to Sclerotium rolfsii and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , also promoted soybean growth. One of the 23 isolates changed bradyrhizobial nodule occupancy. Although the presence of a PGPR trait in vitro does not guarantee that a particular isolate is a PGPR, the results suggest that rhizobacteria able to produce ACC deaminase and, to a lesser extent, β‐1,3‐glucanase or siderophores or those able to solubilize P in vitro may increase early soybean growth in nonsterile soil.
Reversed-Phase Partition Chromatography on Microporous Polymeric Supports. (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversed-Phase Partition Chromatography on Microporous Polymeric Supports.W. A. WinstenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1962, 34, 10, 1334–1335Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60190a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60190a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views26Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phenotypic Characterization of Splenic T Cells from Mice Infected with <i>Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi</i> (1993)

T cells from spleens of mice infected with the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi have been analysed with respect to their expression of surface molecules CD3, CD4 and CD8 and T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha beta and gamma delta. The majority of T cells from infected mice were alpha beta TCR+. However, there was an increase of approximately 8-10-fold in the proportion and total number of gamma delta T cells. Immunocytochemical analysis of sections of spleens taken from infected C57BL/6 mice during a primary infection showed that this increase took place particularly in the non-lymphoid areas. Within the alpha beta TCR+ T-cell population, both CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were represented in proportions similar to those observed in normal uninfected mice. Stimulation of splenic T cells from infected mice with P. chabaudi-infected erythrocytes in vitro resulted in a blasted cell population composed predominantly of alpha beta TCR+ T cells with no preferential expansion of gamma delta TCR+ T cells. There was no evidence of superantigen-like stimulation of T cells bearing particular V beta chains of the TCR. The representation of the different V beta chains within the population was not significantly different from that seen in uninfected mice.