gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive plan for helicopter drag reduction (1975)

Current helicopters have parasite drag levels 6 to 10 times as great as fixed wing aircraft. The commensurate poor cruise efficiency results in a substantial degradation of potential mission capability. The paper traces the origins of helicopter drag and shows that the problem (primarily due to bluff body flow separation) can be solved by the adoption of a comprehensive research and development plan. This plan, known as the Fuselage Design Methodology, comprises both nonaerodynamic and aerodynamic aspects. The aerodynamics are discussed in detail and experimental and analytical programs are described which will lead to a solution of the bluff body problem. Some recent results of work conducted at the Naval Ship Research and Development Center (NSRDC) are presented to illustrate these programs. It is concluded that a 75-per cent reduction of helicopter drag is possible by the full implementation of the Fuselage Design Methodology.
Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> strains isolated from different ecosystems (2010)

Lactococcus lactis is the lactic acid bacteria most used in the manufacture of dairy products because of its fast lactose fermentation and flavor production. In this study, L. lactis strains isolated from different sources and previously characterized and evaluated for their capability to produce flavor were compared with respect to their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. The variability of phenotypes and genotypes in the L. lactis strains were influenced by the source of isolation. In general, strains that shared the same genotype presented different phenotypes, and only some genotypes were clearly related to the source of isolation. On the other hand, phenotypic characteristics such as coagulant activity and utilization of lactose, glucose, and arginine were closely related to the ecosystem of origin. Coagulant activity and lactose utilization, phenotypic characteristics that are of utmost importance for efficient flavor production by starters in the manufacture of dairy products, were better for strains isolated from raw milk dairy products than for those isolated from vegetables.
Effects of DNA Methylation on Galectin-3 Expression in Pituitary Tumors (2005)

Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a beta-galactoside-binding protein is expressed in a specific cell-type manner in pituitary tumors. Here we questioned the mechanism of Gal-3 expression in pituitary tumors, by using methylation-specific PCR and DNA sequence analyses to analyze the methylation status of the promoter region of the LGALS3 gene. DNA analysis of a human pituitary tumor, breast carcinoma cell lines, and thyroid carcinoma cell lines showed that in cells expressing Gal-3 protein, the LGALS3 gene was unmethylated, whereas in Gal-3 null cells, the promoter of the LGALS3 gene was methylated. Treatment of cells with 30 mumol/L 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine induced Gal-3 mRNA and protein expression. Among pituitary tumors, 30% (7/23), mainly in follicle-stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone-producing (38%) and null cell (57%) adenomas, the promoter of the LGALS3 was found to be methylated and silenced, although prolactin- and adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing tumors, which were unmethylated, expressed the Gal-3 protein. These results show for the first time that Gal-3 expression is regulated in part by promoter methylation in pituitary as well as in other tumors. Because it is functionally involved in cancer progression and metastasis, Gal-3 may serve as a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of pituitary tumors.
The Development of a New Austenitic Stainless Steel Exhaust Valve Material (1978)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The durability requirements of the diesel engine exhaust valve have been satisfied through the use of several iron, nickel, and cobalt base alloys. There have been cases where iron base austenitic alloys were found deficient in one or more physical or mechanical properties, and they were replaced with a nickel or cobalt base super alloy, often with a wide margin of design safety. Strategic alloying elements such as cobalt, tungsten, and nickel have escalated in price at a significant rate, thus increasing the cost of the super alloys. An improved austenitic alloy has been developed to provide adequate performance while retaining the cost effectiveness of iron base systems. During this development program, the alloy was designed to minimize its susceptibility to manufacturing problems which have been associated with prior valve materials.</div>
Effect of Bar-Code Technology on the Safety of Medication Administration (2010)

Use of the bar-code eMAR substantially reduced the rate of errors in order transcription and in medication administration as well as potential adverse drug events, although it did not eliminate such errors. Our data show that the bar-code eMAR is an important intervention to improve medication safety. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00243373.)
Dynamic measurements of pressures, sail shape and forces on a full-scale spinnaker (2014)

This work presents a full-scale experimental study on a sailing yacht in downwind conditions with simultaneous time-resolved measurements of pressures, sail shape and loads. Those on-water experiments on a J/80 class yacht permit the dynamic behaviour of the fluid structure system made of a light cloth sail and highly curved flow to be investigated. Aerodynamic forces on the asymmetric spinnaker were determined from pressure distribution and shape measurements and also from strain gauges located on the corners of the sail. Both time-averaged and instantaneous data are analysed.The time-averaged pressures and forces were studied according to the apparent wind angle. The pressure distribution and thus the loads tend to decrease when the apparent wind angle is increased. The standard deviation of pressures was largest near the luff, decreasing downstream. Simultaneous time series recordings of the pressure distributions, flapping sail shapes, and forces in the sheets show a strong correlation. Flapping of spinnaker creates pressure peaks at the leading edge, increasing the aerodynamic forces dynamically by 50 to 70%. These results will also give reliable benchmark data to validate unsteady fluid structure interaction predictions from numerical simulations of downwind sails.
Numerical simulation of turbulent flow in a pipe oscillating around its axis (2000)

The turbulent flow in a cylindrical pipe oscillating around its longitudinal axis is studied via direct numerical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations, and compared to the reference turbulent flow in a fixed pipe and in a pipe with steady rotation. The maximum amount of drag reduction achievable with appropriate oscillations of the pipe wall is found to be of the order of 40%, hence comparable to that of similar flows in planar geometry. The transverse shear layer due to the oscillations induces substantial modifications to the turbulence statistics in the near-wall region, indicating a strong effect on the vortical structures. These modifications are illustrated, together with the implications for the drag-reducing mechanism. A conceptual model of the interaction between the moving wall and a streamwise vortex is discussed.
[Antitumor effect of the tumor necrosis factor against various types of human cancer cells]. (1985)

The antitumor activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNA) against various human cancer cells (32 cases) was investigated by 51Cr cytotoxic release assay and tumor stem cell assay. Over 50% sensitivity (the ratio of cytotoxicity for L929 cells) was shown by 4 of 14 cases of gastric cancer (28.6%), 7 of 9 cases of leukemic cells (77.8%), and 1 case each of pancreatic carcinoma and ovarian cancer. However, scarcely any sensitivity was shown by APL, a portion of the gastric cancer cells, normal lymphocytes or colony-forming cells tested. No correspondence was observed between the histological type of the cancer and TNF sensitivity. The above results seem to confirm the significant antitumor activity of TNF against human cancer cells.
Separation of Normal Paraffins from Isoparaffins (1983)

Union Carbide Corporation's IsoSiv process is a commercially proven process which permits separation of normal paraffins from other molecular types in the C5 - C20 carbon number range. The process takes advantage of the precise pore diameter characteristics of molecular sieves which allow the long, narrow, normal paraffin molecules to enter the sieve but prevent the bulkier non-normal molecules from entering. The IsoSiv process has a significant capital and operating cost advantage over separation by distillation which is the only other commercially proven process available. Separation of normal paraffins from non-normals in the C5 - C7 range offers crude oil refiners a mechanism for upgrading the value of light naphtha. Non-normals exhibit much higher octane ratings than do normal paraffins and their separation permits more economic gasoline blending. Normals find application as high quality petrochemical feedstock or specialty solvents. Australian Oil Refining Pty. Limited operate an IsoSiv unit at their Kurnell refinery. This unit has a capacity of 8,000 BPSD naphtha feed and was commissioned in January, 1981. The unit has operated reliably since start-up and has exhibited considerable flexibility in accommodating a variety of feed compositions and feed rates.
Computerized voiding diary (1993)

An electronic, computerized voiding diary, "Compu-Void" (patent pending) was developed in order to simplify, augment, and automate patients' recording of bladder symptomatology. A voiding diary as a tool has the potential to provide essential information for a more complete diagnostic and therefore therapeutic picture for each patient. Two major problems with the standard written voiding diary have been a lack of patient compliance and the limited amount of information it garners. Twenty-five women with various types of voiding dysfunctions were compared to twenty-five age and parity-matched control women in order to determine patient preferences of the Compu-Void when compared to the standard written voiding diary, compliance with each method, and amount and quality of information obtained with each method. Over 90% of subjects and over 70% of control group patients preferred the Compu-Void over the written diary (P < 0.005). The amount and quality of information obtained with Compu-Void exceeded that obtained with the written method.
Brain isoenzyme of creatine kinase. I. Purification of rabbit enzyme and production of specific antibodies. (1977)

Creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) of rabbit brain (BB) was purified to homogeneity as judged by sedimentation velocity analysis in the ultracentrifuge.Nevertheless, the purified enzyme contained as many as seven extraneous protein species when examined by disc electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel.The purified preparation also showed antigenic heterogeneity when it reacted in agar gel double immunodiffusion analysis with antibodies produced against it in the rooster.At least some of the extraneous proteins appeared to arise from BB during storage.Subsequently BB was purified to homogeneity by dis'c electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel.It was excised from the gel and injected repeatedly with Freund's complete adjuvant into roosters.A single immunoprecipitin line was noted in agar gel double immunodiffusion analysis when partially pure enzyme reacted with the antibodies raised to the electrophoretically pure protein.These antibodies inhibited the enzymatic activity of BB in both soluble and insoluble immune complexes.They did not, however, form immunoprecipitates with or inhibit rabbit muscle (MM) or rabbit hybrid (MB) creatine kinases.The antibodies were therefore specific for BB and did not react with MM or MB.
Laparoskopické bariatrické operace (2009)

Epidemický výskyt obezity a jeji neustale zvysujici se prevalence představuje celosvětově zavažný socialni, ekonomický i zdravotnický
problem. Zavažne formy obezity a k nim přidružena metabolicka onemocněni, jako napřiklad diabetes mellitus 2. typu, zasadnim způsobem
přispivaji ke zkraceni průměrne delky života u obeznich. Bariatricka chirurgie (chirurgicka lecba zavažne, morbidni obezity) je
dnes jedinou, dlouhodobě uspěsnou možnosti jak lecit obezitu 3. stupně. Ukazuje se, že chirurgicka lecba obezity přinasi nejen výrazne
vahove ubytky, ale u vice než 80 % diabetiků 2. typu vede k výraznemu zlepseni, ci uplnemu vyleceni, a to i u pacientů na inzulinu. Zakladnimi
bariatrickými zakroky jsou operace restrikcni, malabsorpcni a kombinovane. Bariatricka chirurgie se stala nedilnou soucasti
moderni lecby obezity.
Transformable Capillary Electrophoresis for Oligosaccharide Separations Using Phospholipid Additives (2010)

Phospholipids are used as an additive in capillary electrophoresis to enhance the separation of glycans derived from alpha1-acid glycoprotein, fetuin, and ribonuclease B. The properties of phospholipid preparations are dependent upon composition, hydration, and temperature. Separation performance is evaluated as a function of these variables. A preparation of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DHPC), with [DMPC]/[DHPC] = 2.5, in 10% lipid/aqueous buffer at 25 degrees C provides the best separation efficiency at an electric field strength of 400 V/cm. Resolution is enhanced with the additive. Concanavalin A, a lectin selective for high mannose and mannose branching glycans, and alpha1-2,3 mannosidase, an enzyme that cleaves 1-2 and 1-3 mannopyranosyl residues, are incorporated in the separation to provide additional selectivity and to expand the application of phospholipid additives for glycan separation.
MNN: Multimodal Attentional Neural Networks for Diagnosis Prediction (2019)

Diagnosis prediction plays a key role in clinical decision supporting process, which attracted extensive research attention recently. Existing studies mainly utilize discrete medical codes (e.g., the ICD codes and procedure codes) as the primary features in prediction. However, in real clinical settings, such medical codes could be either incomplete or erroneous. For example, missed diagnosis will neglect some codes which should be included, mis-diagnosis will generate incorrect medical codes. To increase the robustness towards noisy data, we introduce textual clinical notes in addition to medical codes. Combining information from both sides will lead to improved understanding towards clinical health conditions. To accommodate both the textual notes and discrete medical codes in the same framework, we propose Multimodal Attentional Neural Networks (MNN), which integrates multi-modal data in a collaborative manner. Experimental results on real world EHR datasets demonstrate the advantages of MNN in terms of both robustness and accuracy.
Stomatal responses of pearl millet (<i>Pennisetum americanum</i> [L.] Leeke) to leaf water status and environmental factors in the field (1982)

Abstract. Factors affecting stomatal conductance (g 1 ) of pearl millet ( Pennisetum americanum [L.] Leeke), cultivar BJ 104, were examined in the field in India during the dry season. Diurnal changes in g 1 were evaluated for upper expanded leaves at flowering on two occasions using plants subjected to varying degrees of water stress. Except for the most severely stressed treatment, diurnal changes in g 1 closely matched changes in irradiance ( I ), the promotive effect of which largely overcame opposing influences on g 1 of increasing atmospheric vapour pressure deficit, and decreasing leaf water and turgor potentials (Ψ, Ψ p ). Two main effects of water stress on g 1 were evident: (i) a decrease in the amplitude of the mid‐day peak in g 1 , and (ii) a decrease in the time over which high g 1 was maintained, resulting in early (mid‐day) closure and hysteresis in the relationship between g 1 and I . Leaf conductance was greatest for upper leaves and decreased down the canopy. At equivalent depths in the canopy g 1 was higher in flowering than in photoperiodically‐retarded plants of the same age. The magnitude of water stress‐induced stomatal closure increased down the plant, and was more marked in retarded than in flowering plants. Within individual stress treatments Ψ of upper leaves decreased linearly as transpiration flux increased. It is concluded that stomatal behaviour of upper leaves of pearl millet at flowering largely operates to maximize assimilation rather than to minimize water loss.
Identification of Two Serine Residues Essential for Agonist-Induced 5-HT<sub>2A</sub>Receptor Desensitization (2003)

5-HT(2A) serotonin receptors represent the principal molecular targets for LSD-like hallucinogens and atypical antipsychotic drugs. It has been proposed that a dysregulation of 5-HT(2A) receptor-mediated signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and related diseases. A major mechanism for the attenuation of GPCR signaling following agonist activation typically involves the phosphorylation of serine and/or threonine residues by various kinases. Ser/Thr phosphorylation leads to the binding of accessory proteins and the uncoupling of the G proteins, thereby preventing further signaling. The molecular mechanisms by which 5-HT(2A) receptors are desensitized are unknown, and to date, no residues essential for agonist-mediated desensitization have been identified. Thus, we mutated, individually or in groups, all of the 37 serines and threonines in the cytoplasmic domains of the 5-HT(2A) receptor and assessed the effects of these mutations on agonist-mediated desensitization. We discovered that mutation of two residues, S421 in the C-terminal tail and S188 in the second intracellular loop, to alanine resulted in a significant block of agonist-induced desensitization. Intriguingly, a single-nucleotide polymorphism, of unreported frequency, at the S421 locus has been reported (S421F); the S421F mutation, like the S421A mutation, significantly attenuated agonist-mediated desensitization. Taken together, these findings indicate that the process of agonist-mediated desensitization of 5-HT(2A) receptors requires the presence of two nonconserved serine residues located in distinct intracellular loops.
Enzymes in analytical chemistry (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzymes in analytical chemistryMyer M. Fishman and Howard F. SchiffCite this: Anal. Chem. 1976, 48, 5, 322–332Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60369a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60369a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
(Automation and new technology) (1988)

I presented a plenary lecture and attended the Third International Congress on Automation and New Technology in the Clinical Laboratory. In addition, I visited a hospital laboratory that featured the use of robots for clinical applications and attended the 20th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society of Clinical Laboratory Automation. Prior to attending the two congresses, I chaired the Annual Meeting of the Committee on Analytical Systems of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry. Current and future projects were discussed and planned, and nominations were made for new members.
Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA in breast cancer: an overview of mechanism and clinical implication (2016)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which occupy nearly 98% of genome, have crucial roles in cancer development, including breast cancer. Breast cancer is a disease with high incidence. Despite of recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms and combined therapy strategies, the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in breast cancer remains unclear. This review presents the currently basic knowledge and research approaches of lncRNAs. We also highlight the latest advances of seven classic lncRNAs and three novel lncRNAs in breast cancer, elucidating their mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets. Additionally, association between lncRNA and specific molecular subtype of breast cancer is reported. Lastly, we briefly delineate the potential roles of lncRNAs in clinical applications as biomarkers and treatment targets.
Characterization and Mitigation of Fragmentation Enzyme-Induced Dual Stranded Artifacts (2020)

Abstract High-throughput short-read sequencing relies on fragmented DNA for optimal sampling of input nucleic acid. Several vendors now offer proprietary enzyme cocktails as a cheaper and more streamlined method of fragmentation when compared to acoustic shearing. We have discovered that these enzymes induce the formation of library molecules containing regions of nearby DNA from opposite strands. Sequencing reads derived from these molecules can lead to artifact-derived variant calls appearing at variant allele frequencies less than 5%. We present Fragmentation Artifact Detection and Elimination (FADE), software to remove these artifacts from mapped reads and mitigate artifact-related effects on downstream analysis. We find that the artifacts principally affect downstream analyses that are sensitive to a 1-3% artifact bias in the sequencing reads, such as targeted resequencing and rare variant discovery. Availability Data are deposited at SRA under accession No. PRJNA602687 Software described in this manuscript is freely available at https://github.com/blachlylab/fade
Holographic modification of TiO2 photoanode for enhanced charge extraction in dye-sensitized solar cell (2012)

We demonstrate that two-dimensional periodic pillars holographically generated in TiO2 photoanode can significantly increase the current density and efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell. It is attributed to the enhanced charge extraction.