gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Spatial Association of Regional Economic Growth and Land Use Considering Regional Economic Sphere (2008)

The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial association of regional economic growth and land use considering 5 plus 2 regional economic sphere (Capital region zone, Chungchung zone, Honam zone, Daekyung zone, Dongnam zone and kangwon zone, Jejudo zone) in Korea. The factors of regional economic growth are GRDP and the rate of self-finance and land use, especially industrial and manufactering zone. The data for this research are obtained by National Statistical Office web-site etc. For this, the Seemingly Unrelated Regression(SUR), as a kind of simultaneous equation model, is employed as empirical analysis. Overall results of this study show that the spatial association of the capital region zone and other zones is complementary. but Honam zone and Dongnam zone or Daekyung zone is competitive. We conclude from this study that the policy of regional development will be considered in accordance with the regional economic growth and land use. Also, this study found that Economic growth of regional economic sphere will be achieved from that of cities within zone and the results will be helpful to policy makers and regional planners when establishing regional planning in the future.
Production of Synthetic Gasoline and Diesel Fuel from Dry Reforming of Methane (2012)

International audience
Concept of a dielectric waveguide-based chip-to-chip multicast interconnect (2017)

An inter-chip communication network based on rectangular dielectric waveguide is proposed. Innovative chip-to-dielectric waveguide transition and dielectric waveguide Y-junction are proposed to connect multiple chips on a planar board. The chip-to-waveguide transition features low loss, small chip area consumption and on-chip self-alignment property. The dielectric waveguide Y-junction shows small radiation leakage. Measurement results are presented for prototypes scaled in size and frequency to operate at 6 GHz. Simulations indicate that the concept presents much lower transmission loss than wireless chip-to-chip communication.
Vibrational Circular Dichroism (1981)

Abstract Since the first discovery by Biot and Pasteur that some molecules rotate the polarization of light, this optical activity has been recognized to be a consequence of molecular structure [1]. In fact, natural optical activity is one of the most structurally sensitive techniques available to the spectroscopist and, hence, has been extensively exploited. Most spectroscopic techniques evidence sensitivity to detailed molecular geometry only via perturbation of energy levels and selection rules. However, molecular optical activity comes about as the direct result of the geometrical arrangement and interaction of the atoms in a molecule [2]. In a somewhat oversimplified manner, the observable optical activity can be viewed to have a first-order dependence on the molecular asymmetry.
Parental mosaicism can cause recurrent transmission ofSCN1A mutations associated with severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (2006)

De novo mutations in the SCN1A gene, encoding the alpha1-subunit of the neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.1, are the most frequent genetic cause of Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy of Infancy known so far. A few mutations inherited from an asymptomatic or mildly affected parent have been reported, suggesting that expression of the mutated gene may be variable in the transmitting parent. In this study, we report two unrelated families in which two children of unaffected parents had deleterious SCN1A mutations, and show evidence of somatic and germline mosaicism in the transmitting parents. In one of these families, direct sequencing of blood cell DNA was not sufficient to the SCN1A mutation in the transmitting asymptomatic parent who was mosaic for the mutation. We therefore developed a real-time PCR assay to selectively amplify and quantify the mutant allele present at low levels in the transmitting parent in both families. The allele-specific PCR technique used in this study will be of use in detecting other such cases. These findings will have major consequences for the genetic counseling of asymptomatic parents with only one affected child.
Lipiarmycin targets RNA polymerase and has good activity against multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2008)

Lipiarmycin has excellent bactericidal activity against MTB and lacks cross-resistance to standard anti-TB drugs. Furthermore, rifampicin-resistant strains remained fully susceptible to lipiarmycin, and none of the lipiarmycin-resistant MTB strains became resistant to rifampicin, highlighting the lack of cross-resistance.
The design, implementation, and performance evaluation of the on-demand multicast routing protocol in multihop wireless networks (2000)

Multicasting has emerged as one of the most focused areas in the field of networking. As the technology and popularity of the Internet grow, applications such as video conferencing that require the multicast feature are becoming more widespread. Another interesting development has been the emergence of dynamically reconfigurable wireless ad hoc networks to interconnect mobile users for applications ranging from disaster recovery to distributed collaborative computing. In this article we describe the on-demand multicast routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. ODMRP is a mesh-based, rather than conventional tree-based, multicast scheme and uses a forwarding group concept (only a subset of nodes forwards the multicast packets packets via scoped flooding). It applies on-demand procedures to dynamically build routes and maintain multicast group membership. We also describe our implementation of the protocol in a real laptop testbed.
Circulating antibodies against α-enolase in patients with primary membranous nephropathy (MN) (1999)

MN is characterized by the glomerular deposition of IgG4 immune complexes. This suggests that nephritogenic immune responses in MN are of the Th2 T helper cell type; however, the pathogenesis of MN is still unknown. In this study we examined sera from patients with primary MN for antibodies to renal proteins. A 47-kD protein in both human and porcine renal extracts was found by immunoblotting to react specifically with serum IgG from some patients. This protein was purified from porcine kidney and identified as alpha-enolase on the basis of its partial amino acid sequences. Sera from 87 patients with primary MN, 24 patients with secondary MN (15 rheumatoid arthritis patients, nine systemic lupus erythematosus patients), and 16 healthy subjects were examined by ELISA using purified alpha-enolase. In 60 (69%) patients with primary MN and 14 (58%) patients with secondary MN, the measured optical density values, and hence serum anti-alpha-enolase antibody levels, were greater than the mean + 2 s.d. of healthy subjects. Immunoblot analysis showed that IgG1 or IgG3 was the predominant subclass (Th1 T helper cell type subclass) of antibodies against alpha-enolase in patients with primary and secondary MN. Since circulating antibodies against alpha-enolase have recently been reported in patients with various autoimmune disorders, our results suggest that a number of patients with presumed primary MN may also have abnormalities in Th1 T helper cell-mediated immune responses.
Malicious Code Detection and Acquisition Using Active Learning (2007)

Detection of known malicious code is commonly performed by anti-virus tools. These tools detect the known malicious code using signature detection methods. Each time a new malicious code is found the anti-virus vendors create a new signature and update their clients. During the period between the appearance of a new unknown malicious code and the update of the signature base of the anti-virus clients, millions of computers might be infected. In order to cope with this problem, new solutions must be found for detecting unknown malicious code at the entrance of a client's computer. We presented here the use of active learning in the acquisition of unknown malicious code. Preliminary Results are encouraging. We are currently in the process of creating a wide test collection of more than 30,000 benign and malicious files to evaluate several active learning criterions.
Self-organizing networks for 5G: Directional cell search in mmW networks (2016)

We discuss the motivation and potential use-cases of self-organizing networks (SON) in 5G networks. Disruptive technologies and features of 5G networks include millimeter wave (mmW), massive multiple-input multiple output (MIMO), and cloud-radio access network (C-RAN). These have ramifications on SON aspects of the networks. We discuss several new SON use-cases and problems pertinent to emerging 5G technologies. The discussed 5G SON use-cases include spectrum management and sharing, user association, multi-radio access technology (RAT) optimization, and directional cell search for mmW networks. We then investigate directional cell search in detail, and consider a network graph based approach for self-organized beam assignment in mmW 5G networks. Simulations results in a realistic Manhattan environment demonstrate the benefits of proposed approach, in terms of improved user signal-to-interference plus noise ratios to potential handover beams, thereby resulting in better directional cell discovery.
An all-analog CMOS implementation of a turbo decoder for hard-disk drive read channels (2003)

In this work we present a full analog turbo decoder for hard-disk EPR-IV read channels in CMOS technology. The design is based on a current-mode approach developed by Loeliger et al. [2001], for the analog implementation of sum-product algorithms. The circuit's main attractions are the coding gain offered by turbo codes over the uncoded EPR-IV channel, and the relative simplicity and power efficiency of the analog approach over the digital approach. The circuit is developed in a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology and operates at a 1.8 V power supply, with a total simulated power consumption (including peripheral circuitry) of about 650 mW at 400 Mb/s.
Benzaldehyde Lyase‐Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Aldehydes with Nitroso Compounds (2011)

Abstract Benzaldehyde lyase from the Pseudomonas fluorescens catalyzes the reaction of aromatic aldehydes with nitroso compounds and furnishes N ‐arylhydroxamic acids in high yields. Aromatic aldehydes and benzoins are converted into enamine‐carbanion‐like intermediates prior to their reaction with nitroso compounds. The kinetic resolution of rac ‐2‐hydroxy‐1,2‐diphenylethanones furnished ( S )‐benzoins and arylhydroxamic acids with high enantioselectivities and conversions.
Strain promoted conductivity of doped carbon nanotubes (2008)

Strain promoted conductivity is detected in boron-doped carbon nanotubes and conductance biased at 3.5, 3.8, −4.6, −5.7, and −6.4 V exceeds 0.5G0. Deflection induced degeneracy of BC3-π bands accounts for conductance increment.
Device-Scale Perpendicular Alignment of Colloidal Nanorods (2011)

The self-assembly of nanocrystals enables new classes of materials whose properties are controlled by the periodicities of the assembly, as well as by the size, shape, and composition of the nanocrystals. While self-assembly of spherical nanoparticles has advanced significantly in the past decade, assembly of rod-shaped nanocrystals has seen limited progress due to the requirement of orientational order. Here, the parameters relevant to self-assembly are systematically quantified using a combination of diffraction and theoretical modeling; these highlight the importance of kinetics on orientational order. Through drying-mediated self-assembly, we achieve unprecedented control over orientational order (up to 96% vertically oriented rods on 1 cm<sup>2</sup> areas) on a wide range of substrates (ITO, PEDOT:PSS, Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>). This opens new avenues for nanocrystal-based devices competitive with thin film devices, as problems of granularity can be tackled through crystallographic orientational control over macroscopic areas.
Cleavage of 12-alkylbenzo[a]phenothiazines with lithium in tetrahydrofuran: a dealkylation–desulphurization reaction (1969)

A study of the cleavage of 12-methyl- and 12-ethyl-benzo[a]phenothiazine with lithium in tetrahydrofuran is reported. A novel dealkylation–desulphurization reaction was observed in the case of the 12-methyl derivative to yield benzo[a]carbazole, whereas the 12-ethyl derivative gave a complex mixture from which no identifiable material was isolated. However, t.l.c. indicated that the ethyl derivative had undergone dealkylation–desulphurization to a limited extent. The particle size of the lithium used appears to be critical in the cleavage. No cleavage was observed when lithium aluminium hydride or lithium aluminium hydride and lithium metal in tetrahydrofuran was employed.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis volatiles for diagnosis of tuberculosis by Cricetomys rats (2012)

Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in regions with limited resources depends on microscopy with insufficient sensitivity. Rapid diagnostic tests of low cost but high sensitivity and specificity are needed for better point-of-care management of TB. Trained African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys sp.) can diagnose pulmonary TB in sputum but the relevant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific volatile compounds remain unknown. We investigated the odour volatiles of Mtb detected by rats in reference Mtb, nontuberculous mycobacteria, Nocardia sp., Streptomyces sp., Rhodococcus sp., and other respiratory tract microorganisms spiked into Mtb-negative sputum. Thirteen compounds were specific to Mtb and 13 were shared with other microorganisms. Rats discriminated a blend of Mtb-specific volatiles from individual, and blends of shared, compounds (P = 0.001). The rats' sensitivity for typical TB-positive sputa was 99.15% with 92.23% specificity and 93.14% accuracy. These findings underline the potential of trained Cricetomys rats for rapid TB diagnosis in resource-limited settings, particularly in Africa where Cricetomys rats occur widely and the burden of TB is high.
Effects of D-ring substituents on antiprogestational (antagonist) and progestational (agonist) activity of 11 -aryl steroids (1994)

The discovery of antiprogestational steroids by the Roussel-Uclaf group not only was a major scientific advance but also opened the way to new methods of fertility control and new therapies for such conditions as cancer. RU486, the prototype of the series, is distinguished by a p-(N,N-dimethylaminophenyl) substituent at the 11 beta- position of the steroid framework, a 4,9-dien-3-one system and 17 beta-hydroxy-17 alpha-propynyl substituents. We examined the effect of varying the 17 alpha- substituent in 17 beta-hydroxy compounds analogous to RU486, the effect of introducing a progesterone side chain at C-17, and the effects of further substitution at C-17 alpha and C-16 alpha on the activity of these latter compounds. These studies indicate an important role for D-ring substituents in determining the balance of agonist/antagonist activity in this series. For example, 17 alpha-acetoxy-17 beta-acetyl substitution gave a potent antagonist, whereas 16 alpha-ethyl-17 beta-acetyl substitution resulted in a compound with potent progestational (agonist) activity. The compounds present opportunities for further interesting and useful biological investigations.
Threshold-Voltage Instability Due to Damage Recovery in Nanoscale NAND Flash Memories (2011)

This paper presents a detailed investigation of the impact of cycling time and temperature on the threshold-voltage instability arising from damage recovery during data retention on nanoscale nand Flash. Statistical results from the programmed state show that instabilities result, on average, in a threshold-voltage loss, which increases logarithmically with the time elapsed since the end of cycling. The slope of the logarithmic behavior strongly depends on the electric field during data retention, the cycling dose, and the probability level at which the shift of the array cumulative distribution is monitored. Increasing the cycling time and temperature corresponds, instead, to an equivalent delay of the instant at which the first read operation on the array is performed. The delay is studied for a large variety of cycling and retention conditions, extracting the parameters required for a universal damage-recovery metric for nand.
Optimal trajectory generation for a biped robot walking a staircase based on genetic algorithms (2005)

In this paper, we propose optimal trajectories of biped robots to move a staircase up and down using genetic algorithms and computed-torque controller to be dynamically stable. Firstly, in order to minimize the total energy efficiency, the real-coded genetic algorithm (RCGA) which of operators are composed of the reproduction, crossover and mutation is used. Constraints are divided into equalities and inequalities: equality constraints consist of position conditions at the start and end of stride period and repeatability conditions related to each joint angle and angular velocity. Next, inequality constraints include the collision avoidance conditions of swing leg at the face and edge of a stair, the knee joint conditions with respect to the singular avoidance, and the zero moment point condition with respect to the stability into the going direction. Finally, in order to approximate the walking gait, each joint angle trajectory is defined as a 4th order polynomial of which coefficients are chromosomes. In the computer simulation used 6 degree of freedom biped robot model that consists of seven links, we analyze the energy efficiency of proposed optimal trajectories about the following cases: walking on ground, ascending stairs, and descending stairs.
PCR buffer optimization with uniform temperature regimen to facilitate automation. (1993)

To facilitate PCR(1,2) reactions in large numbers with uniform conditions, the annealing temperature was fixed and the stringency of the reactions was adjusted by optimizing the ion conditions of the reaction. The buffer system is based primarily on Tris (T), ammonium (N), and potassium (K) to adapt assay conditions to different primer pairs. The TNK buffers have permitted successful screening of a 60,000-clone yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) library with more than 200 primer pairs.
GaAs surface passivation by deposition of an ultrathin InP-related layer (1993)

A few-atomic-layer deposition of InP-related compounds on a GaAs surface greatly improves the surface properties. Tenfold enhancement in the photoluminescence intensity is observed at the GaAs band edge, which indicates a reduction in the surface recombination. Relaxation of the surface pinning, which results in photoluminescence intensity enhancement, is observed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Based on the results, we propose a novel concept of surface passivation by atomic-layer deposition, where the surface band structure of GaAs is modulated by the ultrathin strained layer.
Defining the Pathway for Tat-mediated Delivery of β-Glucuronidase in Cultured Cells and MPS VII Mice (2005)

We used recombinant forms of human beta-glucuronidase (GUS) purified from secretions from stably transfected CHO cells to compare the native enzyme to a GUS-Tat C-terminal fusion protein containing the 11-amino-acid HIV Tat protein transduction domain for: (1) susceptibility to endocytosis by cultured cells, (2) rate of clearance following intravenous infusion, and (3) tissue distribution and effectiveness in clearing lysosomal storage following infusion in the MPS VII mouse. We found: (1) Native GUS was more efficiently taken up by cultured human fibroblasts and its endocytosis was exclusively mediated by the M6P receptor. The GUS-Tat fusion protein showed only 30-50% as much M6P-receptor-mediated uptake, but also was taken up by adsorptive endocytosis through binding of the positively charged Tat peptide to cell surface proteoglycans. (2) GUS-Tat was less rapidly cleared from the circulation in the rat (t(1/2) = 13 min vs 7 min). (3) Delivery to most tissues of the MPS VII mouse was similar, but GUS-Tat was more efficiently delivered to kidney. Histology showed that GUS-Tat more efficiently reduced storage in renal tubules, retina, and bone. These studies demonstrate that Tat modification can extend the range of tissues corrected by infused enzyme.
Identification of chromosomally encoded membranal polypeptides of <b><i>Bacillus anthracis</i></b> by a proteomic analysis: Prevalence of proteins containing <b><i>S</i></b>‐layer homology domains (2004)

Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax disease. Improvement of existing anthrax vaccines, which are currently based on the administration of Protective Antigen (the highly immunogenic nontoxic subunit of the bacterial toxin) may entail other bacterial immunogenic elements, part of which are predicted to reside on the surface of bacterial cells. In the present study, membranal proteins extracted from a stationary-phase culture of a nonvirulent B. anthracis strain, devoid of the native virulence plasmids pXO1 and pXO2, were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and a characteristic protein map was defined. The proteomic analysis allowed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry-assisted identification of 86 protein spots which represent the product of 30 individual open reading frames (ORF). Among these, a prevalent class of proteins was the S-layer proteins (which were found to represent more than 75% of the B. anthracis membranal fraction) and proteins containing S-layer homology (SLH)-membranal localization domains. Five novel SLH proteins, previously inferred only from bioinformatic ORF analysis (draft genome sequence), were identified and one was shown to be a highly abundant membranal protein. Western blots of the 2-DE gels were probed with sera from convalescent rabbits and guinea pigs infected with virulent B. anthracis (Vollum strain). This analysis revealed that B. anthracis immune animals exhibit antibodies against at least 14 distinct membranal proteins present in the 2-DE map, establishing that these proteins are expressed in vivo and are able to elicit an immune response. The identification of the protein components of the B. anthracis membranal fraction, as well as the establishment of their potential immunogenicity, underscore the strength of the proteomic approach for identifying molecules which may serve for further analysis of immune and protective abilities.
Use of Cer-Vit Material in Low Expansion Reference Optical Cavities (1967)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. D. White, "Use of Cer-Vit Material in Low Expansion Reference Optical Cavities," Appl. Opt. 6, 1138_1-1139 (1967) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article