gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydroxylamine as a Source for Nitric Oxide in Metal‐Free 2,2,6,6‐ Tetramethylpiperidine <i>N</i>‐Oxyl Radical (TEMPO) Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols (2010)

Abstract The communication reports on the metal‐free 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine N ‐oxyl radical (TEMPO) catalyzed aerobic oxidation of various alcohols to aldehydes and ketones. A novel catalyst system that uses 1–4 mol% of TEMPO in combination with 4–6 mol% of aqueous hydroxylamine is introduced. No other additives are necessary and corrosive by‐products are not formed during oxidation. Nitric oxide which is important for the catalytic cycle is generated in situ by reaction of the hydroxylamine with TEMPO. A catalytic cycle for the overall oxidation process is suggested.
P-169 (2012)

Chan, Emily; Neta, Tali; Humphrey, Chuck; Yasui, Yutaka; Osornio-Vargas, Alvaro Author Information
Human Airway Ion Transport. Part Two (1994)

"Human airway ion transport. Part two.." American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 150(2), pp. 581–593
Pulsed laser deposition of VO2 thin films (1994)

High quality vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films have been successfully deposited by pulsed laser deposition without postannealing on (0001) and (101̄0) sapphire substrates. X-ray diffraction reveals that the films are highly oriented with (010) planes parallel to the surface of the substrate. VO2 thin films on (0001) and (101̄0) substrates show semiconductor to metal transistions with electrical resistance changes as large as 4×104, 105, respectively. Thin films on (101̄0) substrate have a transition at as low as 55 °C with a hysteresis less than 1 °C. These transition properties are comparable with single crystal VO2.
Determination of the rotational viscosity of nematic liquid crystals over an extended range (1988)

Abstract A method for measuring rotational viscosities of nematic liquid crystals is described. Rotational viscosities from 10−3 to 106Pas can be determined if this method is combined with the usual rotating field method using the same device. Furthermore, non-newtonian behaviour can be detected by the new method.
Macroporous Polyolefin Membranes from Dicyclopentadiene High Internal Phase Emulsions: Preparation and Morphology Tuning (2014)

The curing of 200 μm thick, surfactant-stabilized water-in-dicyclopentadiene high internal phase emulsion films by ring opening metathesis polymerization yielded 140–200 μm thick, open-cellular macroporous membranes with 81.5 ± 2% porosity. Depending on the support on which high internal phase emulsion (HIPEs) were cast, different polyHIPE membrane surface morphologies ranging from almost closed (on steel) to fully open (on glass) were obtained. At the same time, the interior morphology of the membranes was identical, featuring cavity and window diameters of 7 ± 5 and 1.4 ± 0.6 μm, respectively. The membranes were tough and ductile, as revealed by a Young's modulus of 125 ± 8 MPa and an ultimate strength at break, which occurred at 20 ± 2% elongation and 3.1 MPa. The swelling behavior of the membranes was tested in several solvents and finally the swollen membranes were functionalized by bromination, yielding still ductile membranes of 80.6 ± 1% porosity and bromide loading of 5 mmol g−1.
Energy‐Efficient Hybrid Perovskite Memristors and Synaptic Devices (2016)

New parallel computing architectures based on neuromorphic computing are needed due to their advantages over conventional computation with regards to real‐time processing of unstructured sensory data such as image, video, or voice. However, developing artificial neuromorphic system remains a challenge due to the lack of electronic synaptic devices, which can mimic all the functions of biological synapses with low energy consumption. Here it is reported that two‐terminal organometal trihalide perovskite (OTP) synaptic devices can mimic the neuromorphic learning and remembering process. Various functions known in biological synapses are demonstrated in OTP synaptic devices including four forms of spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity (STDP), spike‐rate‐dependent plasticity (SRDP), short‐term plasticity (STP) and long‐term potentiation (LTP)), and learning‐experience behavior. The excellent photovoltaic property of the OTP devices also enables photo‐read synaptic functions. The perovskite synapse has the potential of low energy consumption of femto‐Joule/(100 nm) 2 per event, which is close to the energy consumption of biological synapses. The demonstration of energy‐efficient OTP synaptic devices opens a new plausible application of OTP materials into neuromorphic devices, which offer the high connectivity and high density required for biomimic computing.
Effect of Modifications of the Alkylpiperazine Moiety of Trazodone on 5HT<sub>2A</sub>and α<sub>1</sub>Receptor Binding Affinity (1999)

A series of triazolopyridine derivatives (compounds 2a-l) were synthesized in order to explore the effect of modifications of the alkylpiperazine moiety of trazodone (fragment A) on binding affinity for 5HT2A and alpha1 receptors. All of the synthesized compounds show a decrease of affinity for both 5HT2A and alpha1 receptors, as compared to trazodone, with the exception of compounds 2b,c which bear a methyl group in an alpha position to the aliphatic nitrogen atom N1. These compounds showed a decrease of affinity only for the alpha1 receptor. The stereochemical influence of the piperazine moiety of compound 2c was also evaluated. Enantiomer (S)-2c showed the most significant differences between 5HT2A and alpha1 receptor affinity (IC50 values) and among the corresponding functional properties (pA2 values). Since (S)-2c cannot generate the metabolite 4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine this product was selected for further pharmacological studies.
[Drug transport through artificial lipoid membranes. 21. Ion pair transport with alkyl salicylic acids]. (1987)

Using hexylsalicylic acid it was demonstrated that alkylated derivatives of salicylic acid are able to increase partition and transport of ionized basic drugs across lipophilic membranes. The influence of different donor concentrations on the relation of transport was studied by means of pholedrine in combination with hexylsalicylic acid. In order to explain the mechanism of the ion-pair-transport experiments were carried out which show beside the mentioned increase of transport the occurrence of a countertransport of protons and lithium-ions, respectively. The lipophilic counterion hexylsalicylate acts inside of this mechanism as a carrier for the ionized drugs.
<title>Minimizing start-up latency in scalable continuous media servers</title> (1997)

In a scalable server that supports the retrieval and display of continuous media, both the number of simultaneous displays and the expected startup latency of a display increases as a function of additional disk bandwidth. Based on a striping technique and around-robin placement of data, this paper describes object replication and request migration as two alternative techniques to minimize startup latency. In addition to developing analytical models for these two techniques, we report on their implementation using a scalable server. The results obtained from both the analytical models and the experimental system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
In-Depth Characterization of Slurry Packed Capillary Columns with 1.0-μm Nonporous Particles Using Reversed-Phase Isocratic Ultrahigh-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (2004)

Fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-microm nonporous C18 bonded particles are evaluated with isocratic ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Improved UHPLC techniques have demonstrated column efficiencies as high as 730 000 plates/m and run pressures over 6800 bar (100 000 psi) for packed 10-microm-inner diameter (i.d.) columns. Columns as large as 150 microm have been tested with UHPLC and show no flow-induced heating effects on separation efficiencies. van Deemter plot analysis for column i.d.s ranging from 10 to 150 microm shows an increase in column efficiency with a decrease in column i.d. Reduced parameter analysis further illustrates a decrease in reduced parameter A term and C term values with decreasing i.d. However, reduced parameter C term values for columns evaluated with UHPLC are an order of magnitude larger than C term values for larger particles at conventional pressures. Retention factors for moderately retained compounds are observed to increase with column i.d., suggesting an increase in packing density. Highly ordered packing arrangement at the column wall is seen for packed beds extruded from large-diameter columns.
Variation tolerant high resolution and low latency time-to-digital converter (2007)

A high resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC) with low latency and low deadtime is proposed. A coarse time quantization derived from a differential inverter delay line is locally interpolated with passive voltage dividers. The high resolution TDC is monotonic by construction which makes the concept very robust against process variations. The feasibility is demonstrated with an 8-bit TDC with a resolution of 0.25 inverter delays in a 90 nm low power CMOS technology. The resolution limits imposed by clock uncertainty and local variations are derived theoretically.
New electrical control methods to prevent power plant fouling (2002)

One new nonchemical method for removal of biofouling utilizes pulsed acoustic waves above the cavitation threshold to remove accumulated scale and/or biofouling from the inside walls of piping and other enclosed structures. The pulsed acoustic wave successively removes accumulated deposits as the arc-discharge source is moved down the tube by an operator. We describe a program developing a compact, portable tube-cleaning system for use in utility and US Navy scheduled plant maintenance. Results from a laboratory demonstration with typical heat-exchanger tubing taken from a Tennessee Valley Authority power plant are presented. In addition results from a field experiment conducted at the US Navy Marine Corrosion Test Facility, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, are presented that demonstrated significant (order of magnitude) reduction in biofouling associated with pulsed acoustic shock wave treatment at intensities below the cavitation threshold.
Equilibria in the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate, 1. Chain‐length dependence of the rate and equilibrium constants (1986)

Abstract The rate constants of polymerization and cyclization and the equilibrium constants of polymerization are calculated from kinetic data of the anionic oligomerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by methyl α‐lithioisobutyrate in THF at 25°C, and of the “disproportionation” of living oligomers. The numeric method reported earlier was improved. The rate constants of cyclization decrease with chain‐length, due to increasing steric hindrance. The rate constants of polymerization depend on the concentration of active centres, due to the formation of associates. Rate and equilibrium constants of polymerization decrease with chain‐length. This is discussed in terms of intramolecular coordination of the counterion with ester groups of the chain.
Amplification at 1.06 μm using a Nd : glass thin-film waveguide (1972)

Nd-doped glass (3.5 wt% Nd2O3) is sputtered on Corning No. 7059 glass to make an active thin-film waveguide. The thin film is pumped with a Xe flash tube, and the amplification of 1.06-μm laser light that propagates in the thin film is observed.
Insight Derived from Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations into the Binding Interactions Between HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors and SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro (2020)

A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified from respiratory illness patients in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, which has recently emerged as a serious threat to the world public health. Hower, no approved drugs have been found to effectively inhibit the virus. Since it has been reported that the HIV-1 protease inhibitors can be used as anti-SARS drugs by tegarting SARS-CoV 3CLpro, we choose six approved anti-HIV-1 drugs to investigate their binding interactions between 3CLpro, and to evaluate their potential to become clinical drugs for the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The molecular docking results indicate that, the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 has a higher binding affinity for all the studied inhibitors than its SARS homologue. Two docking complexes (indinavir and darunavir) with high docking scores were futher subjected to MM-PBSA binding free energy calculations to detail the molecular interactions between these two proteinase inhibitors and the 3CLpro. Our results show that darunavir has the best binding affinity with SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV 3CLpro among all inhibitors, indicating it has the potential to become an anti-COVID-19 clinical drug. The likely reason behind the increased binding affinity of HIV-1 protease inhibitors toward SARS-CoV2 3CLpro than that of SARS-CoV were investigated by MD simulations. Our study provides insight into the possible role of structural flexibility during interactions between 3CLpro and inhibitors, and sheds light on the structure-based design of anti-COVID-19 drugs targeting the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro.
Electricity generation and atmospheric pollution: The role of solid fuels gasification (2013)

Electricity generation in solid fuel fired power stations is currently the main source of flying particulates and greenhouse gases emissions. Environmental pollution is expected to deteriorate dramatically in the coming century unless pollution abatement technologies for solid fuels energy conversion will be applied. The Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) system, currently under industrial testing, provides for high solid fuel energy conversion efficiency (e.g. ~ 45 %) and favors the application of proven technologies for gas purification (e.g. H2S oxidation to elemental sulfur, CO2 separation and disposal as a stable carbonate solid). Additionally, gasification combined with fuel cell technology (CGFC) may provide in the long run, for energy conversion efficiency well over 50%. This article reports also the results of pilot plant lignite gasification tests for the production of a medium heating value synthesis gas using a novel indirect heat (allothermal) gasification process (ALLOGAS). The latter process employs an indirect heat rotary kiln gasifier and is considered as the most appropriate to gasify moist lignite with the minimum pretreatment.
Pathological complete response following pre-operative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: analysis of phase II/III trials (2005)

Pathological complete response (pCR) has been used as a marker for the efficacy of pre-operative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) schedules in rectal cancer. To date there have been no randomized trials comparing CRT regimens in rectal cancer. Prospective phase II and CRT arms of randomized trials reported up to January 2004 were included, providing they defined the following minimum variables: drugs employed during CRT, radiotherapy dose and pCR rate. Multivariate analysis was used to examine the relationship of these variables on the pCR rate. In addition, the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the type of publication (peer reviewed vs meeting abstract) and whether the tumours were stated to be unresectable/clinically fixed or to have threatened circumferential margins were investigated. The method of analysis was weighted linear modelling of the pCR rate which was normalized by the arcsine transformation. Phase II and phase III trials were identified including a total of 3157 patients. On multivariate analysis only the use of continuous infusion 5FU (p = 0.01), the use of a second drug (p = 0.001) and radiation dose (p = 0.02) were associated with higher rates of pCR. The use of a two drug regimen, the mode of delivery of 5FU and the radiation dose appear to be related to the incidence of pCR following CRT for rectal cancer. These results may generate hypotheses for future randomized trials. Important factors not considered in this analysis include the variability in pathological examination and in the time interval between CRT and surgery. In addition, the toxicity of the CRT regimens requires further investigation.
Alumina: Catalyst and Support. IX.<sup>1</sup> The Alumina Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols<sup>2,3</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlumina: Catalyst and Support. IX.1 The Alumina Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols2,3Herman Pines and Werner O. HaagCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 13, 2847–2852Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01474a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views595Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (612 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A New Algorithm for On-Line Handwriting Signature Verification Based on Evolutionary Computation (2006)

纸建议一个联机签名确认算法，通过哪个测试样品；模板签名能 optimizedly 被匹配，基于进化计算(EC ) 。第一，签名曲线片断的类似被定义，；变；规模变换也由于联机签名的 randoness 被介绍。第二，这篇论文提出在数学模型的建立以后匹配算法的签名确认。第三，算法的具体实现也基于 EC 被讨论。另外，影响变；匹配的结果上的规模充分在算法被考虑。最后，一个计算例子被给，；在测试样品之间的匹配的结果弯；模板签名曲线详细被分析。初步的实验表明签名确认问题的类型能被 EC 解决。
Monoclonal Anti‐P‐glycoprotein Antibody‐dependent Killing of Multidrug‐resistant Tumor Cells by Human Mononuclear Cells (1990)

Mouse monoclonal antibodies (MRK16 and MRK17) against human multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines were tested for antibody-dependent cytotoxicity mediated by human blood mononuclear cells, using a 4-h 51Cr release assay. MRK16 (IgG2a isotype) was shown to be more effective than MRK17 (IgG1 isotype). Moreover, when four pairs of drug-resistant and their parent sensitive human cancer cells were tested for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytolysis (ADCC) using MRK16, only the drug-resistant cell lines were susceptible to ADCC reaction. When highly purified lymphocytes (greater than 99%) and monocytes (greater than 97%) were isolated from blood mononuclear cells by centrifugal elutriation and adherence, MRK16 promoted both lymphocyte- and monocyte-mediated tumor cell killing, whereas MRK17 induced only a lymphocyte-mediated ADCC reaction. These results suggest that MRK16 of IgG2a subtype may be a useful therapeutic agent in eradication of drug-resistant cancer cells expressing P-glycoprotein through ADCC reaction.
Implementation of Rapid As-built Building Information Modeling Using Mobile LiDAR (2014)

The need for development of reliable and efficient real-time data acquisition systems recently has attracted a great deal of attention in the construction industry, basically because of the demands for highly frequent updates in most visualization, optimization, and coordination-related applications. The predominant data that have been used in the construction industry so far is rather less accurate. Moreover, the conventional methods of data acquisition are based on fieldwork that is time consuming, expensive, and labor intensive. Accuracy of original data and efficiency of data acquisition could be enhanced using new LiDAR technologies. LiDAR is the advanced remote sensing technology that is able to provide 3D data with centimeter to millimeter level accuracy effectively and efficiently. However, the implementation of 3D data for accurate as-built creation is still challenging, especially for openings and fine details of the construction objects in an indoor environment. This paper presents a framework for rapid as-built modeling using 3D point cloud data captured by a handheld LiDAR The procedure involves five key stages from data capturing to create a final model. This paper reports the implementation of the framework using the state-of-the-art mobile LiDAR to analyze fine details of a sample building. LiDAR data of a sample building in an indoor environment is captured using a mobile laser scanner and is analyzed after registration and segmentation processes. The reconstructed model using the as-built data is compared with the existing 2D AutoCAD plans of the sample building and the traditional measurements to verify the accuracy of the proposed method. The results of this ongoing study confirm that the proposed model development technique can serve as a reliable tool for accurate development of rapid as-built building models (rABM). The accuracy ranges from 5 to 30 mm, depending on the object size and position. The proposed algorithm was shown to be highly efficient in identifying the main visible components in the buildings.
Increase of Oxidatively Modified Protein Is Associated With a Decrease of Proteasome Activity and Content in Aging Epidermal Cells (2000)

For the process of aging in epidermal cells to be characterized, the status of oxidized and damaged protein accumulation and removal by the proteasome has been investigated. Modified protein content and proteasome activity were assayed in lysates of epidermal cells from donors of different ages. Increased levels of oxidized proteins, glycated proteins, and proteins modified by the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal were observed in cells from old donors. At the same time, a decline of chymotrypsin-like and peptidylglutamyl-peptide hydrolase activities of the proteasome was found in aging keratinocytes. This age-related decline of the proteasome peptidase activities can be explained, at least in part, by a decreased proteasome content as observed by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In keratinocyte cultures, a decrease of proteasome activity and content was observed upon serial passaging. In cultures, as well as in skin, an inverse relationship was found between the aging marker 1-galactosidase and the proteasome content. These results suggest that proteasome is downregulated during replicative senescence as well as in aged cells in vivo, possibly resulting in the accumulation of modified proteins.