gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interpreting movement manner (2002)

We describe a new paradigm in which a user can produce a wide range of expressive, natural-looking movements of animated characters by specifying their manners and attitudes with natural language verbs and adverbs. A natural language interpreter, a parameterized action representation (PAR), and an expressive motion engine (EMOTE) are designed to bridge the gap between natural language instructions issued by the user and expressive movements carried out by the animated characters. By allowing users to customize basic movements with natural language terms to support individualized expressions, our approach may eventually lead to the automatic generation of expressive movements from speech text, a storyboard script, or a behavioral simulation.
Anaphylaxis in the United States (2001)

The occurrence of anaphylaxis in the US is not as rare as is generally believed. On the basis of our figures, the problem of anaphylaxis may, in fact, affect 1.21% to 15.04% of the US population.
Electron-paramagnetic-resonance study of Se-doped AlSb: Evidence for negative<i>U</i>of the<i>DX</i>center (1995)

A metastable electron-paramagnetic-resonance (EPR) signal is observed in Se-doped AlSb. When cooled in the dark, the sample is nonparamagnetic. After illumination with white light from a tungsten source a strong, persistent EPR signal with an isotropic g factor of 1.949 is observed. The metastability of the signal is consistent with earlier work done on DX-like centers. The absence of any EPR when cooled in the dark is direct evidence for the negative-U model. The EPR arises from the effective-mass state of the defect, which is not filled at thermal equilibrium. A detailed analysis of the line shape reveals that the linewidth is determined by hyperfine interactions. The extent of the wave function is found to be comparable to the predicted value of the effective-mass state.
Tn4556, a 6.8-kilobase-pair transposable element of Streptomyces fradiae (1987)

A 6.8-kilobase-pair (kbp) transposable element (Tn4556) was found in a neomycin-producing strain of Streptomyces fradiae. This element was first observed in two 30.3-kbp plasmids (pUC1123 and pUC1124) which arose when a thiostrepton resistance gene (1 kbp) was ligated with the BclI-2 fragment (22.5 kbp) that contains the origin of replication of phage SF1. The Tn4556 segment was deleted when these plasmids were transduced into another S. fradiae host with phage SF1. These deletion plasmids (pUC1210 and pUC1211) had copy numbers of less than 1 per chromosome and were unstable. In contrast, pUC1123 and pUC1124, with copy numbers of 12 to 15 per chromosome, respectively, were relatively stable. When pUC1210 and pUC1211 were reintroduced into S. fradiae by protoplast transformation, the Tn4556 element transposed again to the plasmids at numerous new locations in either of two orientations. A copy of Tn4556 was found in the S. fradiae chromosome by hybridization studies. It appears that Tn4556 originated from the chromosome, transposed into unstable pUC1210 and pUC1211, and made stable plasmids. A temperature-sensitive hybrid plasmid carrying a viomycin resistance derivative of Tn4556 (pMT660::Tn4556::vph) was constructed. When Streptomyces lividans UC8390 containing the hybrid plasmid was grown at 39 degrees C, Tn4556::vph (Tn4560) transposed to random positions in the host chromosome.
Instant Messaging, Older Adults and Interface Metaphor (2009)

An investigation has been conducted into the use of Instant Messaging (IM) by older computer novices, comparing different visual metaphors in the user interface. The objective was to try to create a more usable and acceptable instant messaging solution for older adults, amongst whom instant messaging is not currently widely adopted. Two user interfaces, a traditional one and an experimental alternative based on a cafe scene, were designed for the study. These were compared in use by older computer novices through measurement and participant interview. Outcomes indicated that the alternative metaphor interface performed better overall than the traditional one and that the majority of the participants would prefer the alternative metaphor for future use.
Cross-task knowledge-constrained self training (2008)

We present an algorithmic framework for learning multiple related tasks. Our framework exploits a form of prior knowledge that relates the output spaces of these tasks. We present PAC learning results that analyze the conditions under which such learning is possible. We present results on learning a shallow parser and named-entity recognition system that exploits our framework, showing consistent improvements over baseline methods.
Seam-hiding for Looping Videos (2017)

The proposed algorithm creates a seamless looping video clip from a real world video of an almost-cyclic motion. For a video that has repeating motion, such as a person on a trampoline, the first and last video frames may not precisely line up, even though the content is very similar. Playing back the video in a looping fashion can cause the re-start transition to jump out and appear discontinuous, both spatially and in terms of object velocity. Most work on video looping has sought to find the best re-set point in a longer video's timeline, but we start there, and modify the frames to hide the jump point.
Functional characterization of alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes in human subcutaneous resistance arteries. (2001)

The functional characteristics of the alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes in human resistance arteries are still not clear. We recently reported that the alpha1A-adrenoceptor predominantly mediates contraction to norepinephrine in human skeletal muscle resistance arteries. In this study we extended these investigations to human subcutaneous resistance arteries. Arterial segments were isolated from the inguinal subcutaneous fat and mounted on a small vessel wire myograph. Potencies of agonists and antagonists were examined. N-[5-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulphonamide (A-61603) was found to be 10- and 54-fold more potent than norepinephrine and phenylephrine, respectively. Brimonidine (UK 14304) evoked significantly smaller contractile responses than norepinephrine and phenylephrine, showing the presence of a small population of alpha2-adrenoceptors in these arteries, and this was confirmed by the studies with selective alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonists prazosin and (8aR,12aS,13aS)-5,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,13a-decahydro-3-methoxyl-12-(ethylsulphonyl)-6H-isoquino[2,1-g][1,6]-naphthyridine (RS 79948). Prazosin, 5-methyl-urapidil, and 2-[2,6-dimethoxyphenoxyethyl]aminomethyl)-1,4-benzodioxane (WB 4101) shifted the potency of norepinephrine concentration dependently giving pA2 values of 9.4, 8.9, and 10.1, respectively, showing the presence of the alpha1A-subtype in these arteries. Pretreatment with 1 and 10 microM chloroethylclonidine did not affect the potency of and maximum responses to norepinephrine, ruling out the presence of the alpha1B-subtype in these arteries. 8-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione (BMY 7378, 10 and 100 nM) did not affect the potency of norepinephrine but a small shift was observed by 1 microM BMY 7378, giving a pK(B) value of 7.1, much less than that reported for the alpha1D-subtype. These results suggest the predominant involvement of alpha1A-adrenoceptor in the contractile responses to norepinephrine in these arteries. The physiological role of this subtype in the maintenance of peripheral arterial resistance is yet to be confirmed.
O<sub>2</sub> Evolution from the Manganese−Oxo Cubane Core Mn<sub>4</sub>O<sub>4</sub><sup>6+</sup>:  A Molecular Mimic of the Photosynthetic Water Oxidation Enzyme? (2000)

Photosynthesis produces molecular oxygen from water catalyzed by an enzyme whose active site contains a tetramanganese−oxo core of incompletely established structure. The first functional mimic of this core has been synthesized containing a cubical [Mn4O4]n+ core, surrounded by six facially bridging bidentate chelates to the manganese ions ((dpp)6Mn4O4 (1); dpp- = diphenylphosphinate anion). Bond enthalpy data predict that the Mn4O46+ core is thermodynamically capable of releasing molecular O2, but is kinetically prevented from doing so by an activation barrier. UV light absorption into a Mn−O charge-transfer excited state (but not excitation of a Mn ligand-field excited state) efficiently releases an O2 molecule if performed in the gas phase and concomitantly releases a bridging dpp- anion and the cationic species (dpp)5Mn4O2+ (presumed Mn4O2-butterfly core type). All species were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry. This reaction proceeds with high quantum efficiency (>50%) and is the only observable reaction channel. The O2 product derived exclusively from the corner oxo's of the cube based on photochemistry of the 18O-isotopomer, ((dpp)6Mn4(18O)4. Neither O2 release nor dpp- dissociation are observed individually to occur in the excited state, indicating that O−O bond formation and O2 release require dissociation of one of the six dpp- chelates (“Jack-in-the-Box” mechanism for O2 formation). By contrast, neither O2 production nor chelate photodissociation are observed in condensed phases, presumably due to either quenching of the photoexcited state or rapid recombination of dpp- and (dpp)5Mn4O4+ in the solvent cage. Previous results show that chemical reduction of (1) in solution using hydrogen atom donors produces the deoxygenated (dpp)6Mn4O2 core and releases two water molecules as the only products. Thus the [Mn4O4]n+ cubane core is an intrinsically reactive core topology that facilitates both the selective chemical reduction of two of the four oxygen atom bridges to water molecules and their photorearrangement to an O2 molecule under the control of chelation of the manganese ions by dpp-. These results may offer insight into the possible nature of the photosynthetic O2-evolving mechanism.
[Susceptibility-weighted imaging in detecting brain iron accumulation of Parkinson's disease]. (2010)

to evaluate the clinical value of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in the measurement of brain iron in Parkinson's disease at 3.0 Tesla MRI.a total of 30 patients with clinical diagnosis Parkinson's Disease (PD) and 19 age-matched normal controls took the brain MR examination with conventional and SWI sequences. PD patients were classified into two groups according to I-IV stage (Hoehn-Yahr) and disease duration (≤ 5 year, > 5 year) respectively. Region of interest (ROI) were handed drawn on phase images, including putamen (PUT), globus pallidus (GP), caudate nucleus (CN), substantia nigra (SN), and red nucleus (RN), and corresponding signals and phase values were measured. Two-sample t-test was used for comparison between patients groups and normal controls. P values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.the mean phase values of SN (P = 0.01), GP (P < 0.01) in PD group was significantly different from those in normal controls. However, PUT, CN and RN had no significant differences between patient group and normal controls. Phase values of SN in Hoehn-Yahr III-IV was significantly different from those I-II (P = 0.000), (did not correlated with disease duration). Using phase value of -0.11 as the threshold value, the sensitivity of diagnosis of PD was 60.0% (18/30), the specificity was 57.9% (11/19), the accuracy was 59.2% (29/49).SWI provided a non-invasive semi-quantitative method for iron deposition study in PD and it may help us to trace the iron development in PD.
The Effect of Performance-Based Financial Incentives on Improving Patient Care Experiences: A Statewide Evaluation (2009)

In the context of statewide measurement, reporting, and performance-based financial incentives, patient care experiences significantly improved. In order to promote patient-centered care in pay for performance and public reporting programs, the mechanisms by which program features influence performance improvement should be clarified.
Correction of the beta-mannanase domain of the celC pseudogene from Caldocellulosiruptor saccharolyticus and activity of the gene product on kraft pulp (1995)

The celA, manA, and celB genes from Caldocellulosiruptor saccharolyticus compose a cellulase-hemicellulase gene cluster and are arranged on a 12-kb C. saccharolyticus genomic fragment of the recombinant lambda bacteriophage NZP lambda 2. The beginning of a fourth open reading frame (celC) which was homologous to the C. saccharolyticus manA and celA genes was located at the 3' end of the 12-kb NZP lambda 2 genomic fragment. Genome-walking PCR was used to isolate DNA fragments downstream of the C. saccharolyticus celB gene, and the entire nucleotide sequence of celC was obtained. From the preliminary nucleotide sequence, celC appeared to encode yet another multidomain bifunctional enzyme (CelC) consisting of an N-terminal endo-1,4-beta-D-glucanase domain (75% similar to CelA domain 1), two central cellulose-binding domains, and a C-terminal endo-1,4-beta-D-mannanase domain (98% similar to ManA domain 1). However, upon completion of the celC sequencing, two -1 frameshifts were identified in the region encoding the putative CelC mannanase domain. The isolated CelC mannanase domain exhibited no beta-mannanase activity, which supported this observation. Recombinant PCR was used to correct the celC frameshifts by inserting the appropriate nucleotides into the gene. The repaired celC fragment containing the base insertions (manB) expressed strong beta-mannanase activity on soluble mannan substrates and showed significant activity on kraft pulp as judged by the release of reducing sugars.
Biproportional Techniques in Input-Output Analysis: Table Updating and Structural Analysis (2004)

This paper introduces the rest of this issue of Economic Systems Research, which is dedicated to the contributions of Sir Richard Stone, Michael Bacharach, and Philip Israilevich. It starts out with a brief history of biproportional techniques and related matrix balancing algorithms. We then discuss the RAS algorithm developed by Sir Richard Stone and others. We follow that by evaluating the interpretability of the product of the adjustment parameters, generally known as R and S. We then move on to discuss the various formal formulations of other biproportional approaches and discuss what defines an algorithm as 'biproportional'. After mentioning a number of competing optimization algorithms that cannot fall under the rubric of being biproportional, we reflect upon how some of their features have been included into the biproportional setting (the ability to fix the value of interior cells of the matrix being adjusted and of incorporating data reliability into the algorithm). We wind up the paper by pointing out some areas that could use further investigation.
Missouri University Multi-Plane Imager (MUMPI): A high sensitivity rapid dynamic ECT brain imager (1984)

The authors have designed a unique ECT imaging device that can record rapid dynamic images of brain perfusion. The Missouri University Multi-Plane Imager (MUMPI) uses a single crystal detector that produces four orthogonal two-dimensional images simultaneously. Multiple slice images are reconstructed from counts recorded from stepwise or continuous collimator rotation. Four simultaneous 2-d image fields may also be recorded and reviewed. The cylindrical sodium iodide crystal and the rotating collimator concentrically surround the source volume being imaged with the collimator the only moving part. The design and function parameters of MUMPI have been compared to other competitive tomographic head imaging devices. MUMPI's principal advantages are: 1) simultaneous direct acquisition of four two-dimensional images; 2) extremely rapid project set acquisition for ECT reconstruction; and 3) instrument practicality and economy due to single detector design and the absence of heavy mechanical moving components (only collimator rotation is required). MUMPI should be ideal for imaging neutral lipophilic chelates such as Tc-99m-PnAO which passively diffuses across the intact blood-brain-barrier and rapidly clears from brain tissue.
<title>Polymer and metal-matrix composite-embedded optical fibers for avionics communication links</title> (1997)

Significant weight and space savings have been realized in avionic equipment and structures by using composite materials. Optical fiber provides improved communication between equipment and components on board the aircraft. The marriage of these two technologies by embedding optical fiber in the composites achieves improved signal transmission and reduced weight. The goal of this work is to provide reliable, low-profile, optical interconnects with composite-embedded optical fiber for communication with opto-electronic circuit cards and modules. The design and results of a prototype embedded multimode optical beamsplitter utilizing in-fiber 45 degree(s) dielectric coatings are presented.
Fc receptor II polymorphism in Vietnamese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (2003)

The polymorphism of the Fc receptor for IgG class IIA (Fc gammaRIIA) in Vietnamese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was examined by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method with genomic DNA and allele-specific primers. In the frequency of Fc gammaRIIA genotypes, the homozygosity of Fc gammaRIIA-H131 was four (8.3%) of 48 SLE patients and 16 (37.2%) of 43 healthy controls (P < 0.01). The allele frequency of Fc gammaRIIA-H131 in SLE patients was also significantly lower than that in the controls (P < 0.05). The unusual distribution of Fc gammaRIIA polymorphism suggested that Fc gammaRIIA might be involved in the development of SLE in Vietnamese patients.
Evaluación clínica y funcional de los pacientes del Programa de Atención Integral de Fibrosis Quística en el Hospital Infantil Universitario de San José de Bogotá durante los años 2010 a 2013 (2015)

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOSEl presente estudio analizó los pacientes con fibrosis quística (FQ) atendidos en un programa multidisciplinario en el Hospital Infantil Universitario San José de Bogotá, desde marzo del 2010. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar y analizar los principales aspectos de la condición clínica y funcional de estos pacientes.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOSEn el programa del HIUSJ, los pacientes con FQ tienen un seguimiento multidisciplinario regular trimestral, y son sometidos a evaluaciones paraclínicas periódicas que permiten monitorizar las principales variables clínicas, las cuales se analizaron en el presente estudio.RESULTADOSSe atendieron en el programa un promedio de 58 pacientes por año, con igual distribución en cuanto a sexo. Cuarenta y un pacientes (87,5%) completaron 4 años de seguimiento. La mayoría de los pacientes (49/58; 84%) pertenecían a los estratos socioeconómicos 2 y 3.El mayor número se ubicó en el rango de edad de 15 a 20 años, con aumento progresivo de la proporción de adultos, de 15/56 (25,8%) a 32/56 (57%). El germen cultivado con mayor frecuencia en las exacerbaciones fue Pseudomonas aeruginosa (31,2%), seguido por Staphylococcus aureus (20,7%) y hubo un promedio de 5,1 hospitalizaciones por mes durante el 2013.En cuanto a la función pulmonar (VEF1) se clasificaron en severos (menos de 40%) 16,6%; moderados (40%-69%) 30,3%; leves (70%-79%) 7,8% y normales (más del 80%) 44%. El porcentaje de pacientes adultos con Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) mayor de 18,5% aumentó de 60% a 73%.También se observó mejoría en los IMC en los niños. Durante este seguimiento fallecieron seis pacientes, tres de ellos por causas pulmonares. Se hicieron dos encuestas de satisfacción por año y se obtuvieron los siguientes promedios, según el año: 2010: 90,5%; 2011: 96%; 2013: 94,5%; 2012: 96%; 2013: 94,5%.CONCLUSIONESSe resalta la importancia del seguimiento periódico por un grupo multidisciplinario de los pacientes con FQ para poder analizar a lo largo del tiempo las principales variables clínicas; por ser una enfermedad crónica y progresiva, el seguimiento a largo plazo de las cohortes más jóvenes pueden evidenciar diferencias significativas.
Novel Route to Size-Controlled Fe–MIL-88B–NH<sub>2</sub> Metal–Organic Framework Nanocrystals (2011)

A new approach for the synthesis of uniform metal–organic framework (MOF) nanocrystals with controlled sizes and aspect ratios has been developed using simultaneously the non-ionic triblock co-polymer F127 and acetic acid as stabilizing and deprotonating agents, respectively. The alkylene oxide segments of the triblock co-polymer can coordinate with metal ions and stabilize MOF nuclei in the early stage of the formation of MOF nanocrystals. Acetic acid can control the deprotonation of carboxylic linkers during the synthesis and, thus, enables the control of the rate of nucleation, leading to the tailoring of the size and aspect ratio (length/width) of nanocrystals. Fe–MIL-88B–NH2, as an iron-based MOF crystal, was selected as a typical example to illustrate our approach. The results reveal that this approach is used for not only the synthesis of uniform nanocrystals but also the control of the size and aspect ratio of the materials. The size and aspect ratio of nanocrystals increase with an increase in the concentration of acetic acid in the synthetic mixture. The non-ionic triblock co-polymer F127 and acetic acid can be easily removed from the Fe–MIL-88B–NH2 nanocrystal products by washing with ethanol, and thus, their amine groups are available for practical applications. The approach is expected to synthesize various nanosized carboxylate-based MOF members, such as MIL-53, MIL-89, MIL-100, and MIL-101.
Multiplex in-cylinder pressure measurement utilizing an optical fiber with specific refractive-index composition (1996)

An approach to multiplex in-cylinder pressure measurement that utilizes a single-mode optical fiber with specific refractive-index composition has been proposed. The sensing fiber has been designed to show a certain amount of optical power loss with a small change in the fiber-local-bend radius. Along with pressure-transferring diaphragms the sensing fiber was embedded into the head gasket of a four-cylinder gasoline engine. The internal-pressure change in each combustion chamber was detected on the basis of bending power loss in the fiber. Combustion pressure peaks for each cylinder were clearly observed.