gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Developmental Expression of Nicein Adhesion Protein (Laminin-5) Subunits Suggests Multiple Morphogenic Roles (1994)

Nicein/kalinin (laminin-5) is a heterotrimeric laminin-like adhesion protein, which is secreted at the basement membrane of subsets of epithelia and is involved in the etiology of junctional epidermolysis bullosa, a severe human blistering disease characterized by disadhesion of epidermis from dermis. cDNA clones encoding the three chains of mouse nicein and antibodies specific to each polypeptide were used to examine the expression of the protein in the developing mouse embryo from 10.5 day post coitum to 7 days after birth. At various stages of development, co-expression of the three chains of nicein was observed in amnion, skin, and in epithelia of respiratory, urinary and digestive systems. High level expression of nicein was seen in enamel-secreting ameloblasts in developing teeth. Cell-specific distribution of nicein was also detected in other specialized tissues representative of the three primary embryonic germ layers with prominent secretory or protective functions. Differential and focal expression of nicein subunits was observed in the choroid plexus and the floor plate of the neural tube. Messenger for the heavy chain of nicein was detected in the floor plate, where mouse s-laminin messengers were also found. This suggests that nicein genes may play a role in the migration and polarization of motor neurons in the developing spinal cord.
Rapid System for Evaluating Bioproduction Capacity of Complex Pharmaceutical Proteins in Plants (2009)

Transgene product yield remains a key limitation in commercializing plant-derived pharmaceutical proteins. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the roles of promoters, enhancers, integration sites, codon usage, cryptic RNA sites, silencing, and product compartmentalization on product yield and quality, researchers still cannot reliably predict which proteins will be produced at high levels or what manipulations will guarantee enhanced productivity. We have optimized a simple transient expression system in Nicotiana benthamiana enabling rapid assessment of transgene potential for plant-based bioproduction. Briefly, intact Nicotiana benthamiana plants are vacuum-infiltrated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens cultures carrying the transgene of interest. After 48-96 h of further incubation, leaves are harvested for protein characterization. Using the immunomodulator interleukin-12 as a model pharmaceutical protein, we obtained bioactive recombinant protein at levels exceeding 5% of total soluble leaf protein. Appropriately assembled multimeric proteins have also been obtained following coinfiltration with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains individually encoding each subunit. This system provides a rapid source of transgene product for assessing posttranslational modifications, purification strategies, and bioactivity as well as an effective system for optimizing construct elements. For vaccines, product purified from two to eight plants may support mouse vaccination trials providing efficacy and immune assessment data early in the development process.
Well-Bore Bottom Stress Concentration and Induced&nbsp; Core Fractures (1997)

The orientation, spacing, and shape of drilling- induced disking, petal, and petal-centerline fractures in core commonly are remarkably uniform. These fractures result from concentrations of in-situ stress by the well-bore bottom-hole cavity, and in oriented core their strikes commonly have been used as indicators of the horizontal principal stress directions; however, an understanding of how these varied fractures are produced has been limited by the lack of detailed knowledge of the distribution of stresses near the bottom hole. In this paper, we present our result of studying these stress concentrations using full three-dimensional finite-element modeling for a variety of applied far-field in-situ stress conditions and as a function of core stub length. In nearly all cases, purely tensional concentrated stresses are generated within the core by the compressive in-situ stresses. The directions and magnitudes of these tensions vary with the applied stress, indicating the morphology of many of the observed drilling-induced core fractures. Cupped-shape disking fractures result from a state of uniform horizontal (biaxial) stress; these fractures also initiate within the rock at the root of the core stub. As the horizontal stresses become more anisotropic, the point of fracture initiation shifts to the surface of the core, and saddle-shaped core disks are possible. Such fractures strike in the direction of the most compressive in-situ horizontal principal stress. Increasing the magnitude of the overburden stress eventually results in petal and ©Copyright 1997. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.1Manuscript received April 1, 1996; revised manuscript received December 2, 1996; final acceptance June 19, 1997. 2Institute of Geophysics, Meteorology, and Space Physics, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; e-mail: yongyi@phys.ualberta.ca, doug@phys.ualberta.ca This work is supported in part by NSERC Lithoprobe Supporting Science Grant, NSERC, and the Alberta Oil Sand Technology and Research Authority. D. Schmitt acknowledges the assistance of the A. V. Humboldt foundation during revisions of this paper. Constructive reviews and comments of B. R. Kulander, J. C. Lorenz, and S. L. Dean were greatly appreciated. This paper is Lithoprobe submission number 882.
Atmospheric Aerosol Measurements by Cavity Ringdown Turbidimetry (2003)

We have investigated monitoring the ambient air extinction coefficient as a sensitive indicator of micrometer sized airborne particles through cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) at 2 wavelengths.Scatter and absorption of light by the airborne particles induced a measureable decrease in the ringdown decay time of our ringdown cell.When a copper vapor laser operating at 8-10 kHz was employed and 1,500 individual ringdowns were averaged on an oscilloscope, minimal detectable extinction coefficients of 10 -6 m -1 could be achieved.We have used our ringdown instrument to detect a correlation between the observed ringdown extinction coefficient and particulate mass concentrations (g/m 3 of air).The correlation we have observed allows estimation of suspended mass concentrations in a matter of minutes, rather than a sampling time of several hours or days encountered in traditional gravimetric approaches.Additionally, we have constructed a variable cut diameter inertial impactor for use with our ringdown system.By varying the cut diameter while making ringdown measurements, it was possible to extract a size resolved extinction spectrum of ambient atmospheric aerosol in a matter of minutes.
A Critical Analysis of Approaches to Targeted PTSD Prevention (2006)

Although efforts to prevent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have met with relatively limited success, theoretically driven preventive approaches with promising efficacy are emerging. The current article critically reviews investigations of PTSD prevention programs that target persons at risk for being exposed to a traumatic event or who have been exposed to a traumatic event. This review uniquely extends prior reviews in this area by using theories of PTSD to suggest future directions in the area of PTSD prevention. The authors first discuss the primary mechanisms of action believed to account for the failure for PTSD symptoms to remit among a substantial minority of traumatic event-exposed individuals. Second, empirical progress in PTSD prevention efforts is reviewed. Third, the authors consider how existing prevention programs target these mechanisms of action. Finally, the authors consider directions for future research in the area of targeted PTSD prevention.
Phase-Locked Loop Engineering Handbook for Integrated Circuits (2007)

Overview of PLL. System Analysis. System Requirements. Components: Oscillators and Dividers. Components: Detectors and Others. Loop Compensation Synthesis Revisited. Test and Measurement. Simulation. Applications and Extensions. Appendices.
The Taming of the Shrew: Mitigating Low-Rate TCP-Targeted Attack (2009)

A Shrew attack, which uses a low-rate burst carefully designed to exploit TCP's retransmission timeout mechanism, can throttle the bandwidth of a TCP flow in a stealthy manner. While such an attack can significantly degrade the performance of all TCP-based protocols and services including Internet routing (e.g., BGP), no existing scheme clearly solves the problem in real network scenarios. In this paper, we propose a simple protection mechanism, called SAP (Shrew Attack Protection), for defending against a Shrew attack. Rather than attempting to track and isolate Shrew attackers, SAP identifies TCP victims by monitoring their drop rates and preferentially admits those packets from victims with high drop rates to the output queue. This is to ensure that well-behaved TCP sessions can retain their bandwidth shares. Our simulations indicate that under a Shrew attack, SAP can prevent TCP sessions from closing, and effectively enable TCP flows to maintain high throughput. SAP is a destination-port-based mechanism and requires only a small number of counters to find potential victims, which makes SAP readily implementable on top of existing router mechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: Peptide Synthesis. Part 10. Use of Pentafluorophenyl Esters of Fluorenyl Methoxycarbonylamino Acids in Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis. (1988)

Abstract The application of the title esters to solid phase peptide synthesis under polar reaction conditions is described.
Power curve modelling of a wind turbine for monitoring its behaviour (2015)

The power curve of a wind turbine plays an essential role from its design till the end of its life. The production of energy depends on the relation power/wind-speed defined by the power curve. Any deviation of the expected relation between these two variables has an important impact translated usually in money for the owner in different ways. If the power curve observed over a period of time is different from that available in a previous interval of time analysed, usually effects of faults or natural or induced degradations are present. This paper describes how to reduce the huge amount of information based on collecting in real-time pairs of values power/wind-speed to few essential pairs able to describe the whole power curve by a model. Using this model it is possible to define a power curve reference in order to compare with other future performances. Also, this will allow for the detection of anomalies. The methods used for those illustrated by examples are the main contribution included in this paper.
New Multidentate Ligands. II. Amino Acids Containing α-Pyridyl Groups<sup>1,2</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Multidentate Ligands. II. Amino Acids Containing α-Pyridyl Groups1,2R. G. Lacoste, G. V. Christoffers, and A. E. MartellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 11, 2385–2388Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01089a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01089a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views313Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Method of fictitious sources as applied to the electromagnetic diffraction of a plane wave by a grating in conical diffraction mounts (1996)

Starting from the Maxwell equations, we solve the problem of the diffraction of a plane wave by a grating of finite conductivity, assuming that the incident wave vector is not orthogonal to the grooves. We make use of the method of fictitious sources, and the diffraction problem is thus reduced to two canonical problems: (1) the computation of the electromagnetic field radiated in free space by known sources and (2) the least-squares problem. The algorithm that we propose was implemented on an IBM 530 computer, and some numerical results are given by way of illustration.
Pleiotrophin promotes vascular abnormalization in gliomas and correlates with poor survival in patients with astrocytomas (2015)

Glioblastomas are aggressive astrocytomas characterized by endothelial cell proliferation and abnormal vasculature, which can cause brain edema and increase patient morbidity. We identified the heparin-binding cytokine pleiotrophin as a driver of vascular abnormalization in glioma. Pleiotrophin abundance was greater in high-grade human astrocytomas and correlated with poor survival. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which is a receptor that is activated by pleiotrophin, was present in mural cells associated with abnormal vessels. Orthotopically implanted gliomas formed from GL261 cells that were engineered to produce pleiotrophin showed increased microvessel density and enhanced tumor growth compared with gliomas formed from control GL261 cells. The survival of mice with pleiotrophin-producing gliomas was shorter than that of mice with gliomas that did not produce pleiotrophin. Vessels in pleiotrophin-producing gliomas were poorly perfused and abnormal, a phenotype that was associated with increased deposition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in direct proximity to the vasculature. The growth of pleiotrophin-producing GL261 gliomas was inhibited by treatment with the ALK inhibitor crizotinib, the ALK inhibitor ceritinib, or the VEGF receptor inhibitor cediranib, whereas control GL261 tumors did not respond to either inhibitor. Our findings link pleiotrophin abundance in gliomas with survival in humans and mice, and show that pleiotrophin promotes glioma progression through increased VEGF deposition and vascular abnormalization.
Fluvoxamine-Controlled Release Formulation for the Treatment of Generalized Social Anxiety Disorder (2004)

Both physician and patient-rated scales indicate that fluvoxamine CR is effective and safe for the treatment of generalized social anxiety disorder.
Biocompatible Silica Nanoparticles−Insulin Conjugates for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Adipogenic Differentiation (2010)

There is increasing interest in developing bioconjugated carriers for the cellular delivery of bioactive molecules to stem cells, since they can allow modulation of stem cell differentiation. The present study reported biocompatible silica nanoparticle-insulin conjugates for rat mesenchymal stem cell (RMSC) adipogenic differentiation in vitro. A systematic study was first carried out on the biocompatibility of the SiNPs with RMSCs. The cell viability assay was performed to screen the SiNP concentration for creating little cytotoxicity on RMSCs. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and adipogenesis and osteogenesis assays revealed that the pure SiNPs had no effect on cellular ultrastructures, adipogenic differentiation, and osteogenic differentiation. Under the optimized SiNP concentration with little cytotoxicity on RMSC and no effects on the RMSC phenotype, SiNP-insulin conjugates were prepared and used for RMSC adipogenic differentiation. Results showed that RMSCs had the ability to differentiate into adipocytes when cultured in the presence of insulin-conjugated SiNPs. This work demonstrated that the biological activity of insulin conjugated to the SiNPs was not affected and the SiNPs could be used as biocompatibile carriers of insulin for RMSC adipogenic differentiation, which would help to expand the new potential application of SiNPs in stem cell research.
Robust finger tracking with multiple cameras (2003)

This paper gives an overview of a system for robustly tracking the 3D position and orientation of a finger using a few closely spaced cameras. Accurate results are obtained by combining features of stereo range images and color images. This work also provides a design framework for combining multiple sources of information, including stereo range images, color segmentations, shape information and various constraints. This information is used in robust model fitting techniques to track highly over-constrained models of deformable objects: fingers.
Reevaluating HIV Vaccine Clinical Trials Policy for Infants (2014)

associated HIV is less than perfect [7], demonstrating the need for other preventive strategies to avert transmission in the period when breast milk is optimal for infant health. As such, the development of an effective HIV vaccine administrated either prenatally or during the neonatal period may be a very useful intervention to eliminate infant acquisition of HIV.
A 12-bit 1-Msample/s capacitor error-averaging pipelined A/D converter (1988)

A capacitor error-averaging technique is applied to perform an accurate multiply-by-two (*2) function required in high-resolution pipelined analog-to-digital (A/D) converters. Errors resulting from capacitor mismatch and switch feedthrough are corrected in the analog domain without using digital calibration and/or trimming. A differential pipelined A/D converter that achieves a throughput rate of 1 Msample/s with 12 bits of linearity has been made and evaluated. A prototype pipelined A/D converter implemented using a double-poly 1.75- mu m CMOS process consumes 400 mW with a 5-V single supply and occupies 14 mm/sup 2/, including all digital logic and output buffers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new method for the purification of the B subunit (EtxB) of <i>Escherichia coli</i> heat-labile enterotoxin (1993)

Conference Article| May 01 1993 A new method for the purification of the B subunit (EtxB) of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin TEHMINA AMIN; TEHMINA AMIN 1Biological Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ALESSANDRO MARCELLO; ALESSANDRO MARCELLO 1Biological Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar TIMOTHY R. HIRST TIMOTHY R. HIRST 1Biological Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1993) 21 (2): 213S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021213s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation TEHMINA AMIN, ALESSANDRO MARCELLO, TIMOTHY R. HIRST; A new method for the purification of the B subunit (EtxB) of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1993; 21 (2): 213S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021213s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1993 Biochemical Society1993 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Multiresolution foliage for forest rendering (2009)

Abstract Plants are important objects in virtual environments. High complexity of shape structure is found in plant communities. Level of detail (LOD) of plant geometric models becomes important for interactive forest rendering. We emphasize three major problems in current research: the time consumption in LOD model construction and extraction, the balance between visual effect and data compression, and the time consumption in the communication between Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). We present a new foliage simplification framework for LOD model and forest rendering. By an uneven subdivision of the tree crown volume, the cost for LOD model construction is drastically reduced. With a GPU‐oriented design of LOD storage structure for foliage, the costly hierarchical traversal of a binary tree is replaced by a sequential lookup of an array. The structure also decreases the communication between the CPU and the GPU in rendering. In addition, Leaf density is introduced to adapt compression to the local distribution of leaves, so that more visually relevant details are kept. According to foliage nature (broad leaves or needles), higher compression are finally reached using mixed polygon/line models. This framework is implemented on virtual scenes of simulated trees with high detail. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2-Methoxypyridylamino-Substituted Riminophenazine Derivatives as Antituberculosis Agents (2014)

Clofazimine, a member of the riminophenazine class, is one of the few antibiotics that are still active against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). However, the clinical utility of this agent is limited by its undesirable physicochemical properties and skin pigmentation potential. With the goal of maintaining potent antituberculosis activity while improving physicochemical properties and lowering skin pigmentation potential, a series of novel riminophenazine derivatives containing a 2-methoxypyridylamino substituent at the C-2 position of the phenazine nucleus were designed and synthesized. These compounds were evaluated for antituberculosis activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and screened for cytotoxicity. Riminophenazines bearing a 3-halogen- or 3,4-dihalogen-substituted phenyl group at the N-5 position exhibited potent antituberculosis activity, with MICs ranging from 0.25~0.01 μg/mL. The 3,4-dihalogen- substituted compounds displayed low cytotoxicity, with IC50 values greater than 64 μg/mL. Among these riminophenazines, compound 15 exhibited equivalent in vivo efficacy against M. tuberculosis infection and reduced skin discoloration potential in an experimental mouse infection model as compared to clofazimine. Compound 15, as compared to clofazimine, also demonstrated improved physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiles with a short half-life and less drug tissue accumulation. This compound is being evaluated as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis.
<title>Kodak professional PCD film scanner 4045</title> (1993)

The KODAK Professional PCD Film Scanner 4045 is a highly flexibly 4096 pixel, single pass color film scanner capable of scanning 35 mm to 4 X 5 in. film formats. This film scanner can provide output data in a wide variety of color metrics, including the Photo YCC color-encoding scheme that is used by KODAK Photo CD products. This paper describes the features and functions of this film scanner, the design considerations, image processing capabilities, and image quality performance (including MTF, color and tone scale reproduction, spatial resolution, radiometric resolution, and noise).