gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cholesteryl ester storage disease: a rare and possibly treatable cause of premature vascular disease and cirrhosis (2013)

Cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by a variety of mutations of the LIPA gene. These cause reduced activity of lysosomal acid lipase, which results in accumulation of cholesteryl esters in lysosomes. If enzyme activity is very low/absent, presentation is in infancy with failure to thrive, malabsorption, hepatosplenomegaly and rapid early death (Wolman disease). With higher but still low enzyme activity, presentation is later in life with hepatic fibrosis, dyslipidaemia and early atherosclerosis.Identification of this rare disorder is difficult as it is essential to assay leucocyte acid phosphatase activity. An assay using specific inhibitors has now been developed that facilitates measurement in dried blood spots. Treatment of CESD has until now been limited to management of the dyslipidaemia, but this does not influence the liver effects. A new enzyme replacement therapy (Sebelipase) has now been developed that could change treatment options for the future.
High-sensitivity hydrocarbon sensors based on tungsten oxide nanowires (2006)

Hydrocarbon (LPG) sensors based on the nanostructures of V2O5 do not exhibit satisfactory characteristics, while sensors based on WO2.72 nanowires show high sensitivity (∼1800) for 2000 ppm of LPG at 200 °C as well as relatively short recovery and response times. Impregnation of WO2.72 nanowires with Pt in the 0.1–1.0 at% range, significantly improves the sensor characteristics, the sensitivity increasing with Pt concentration and reaching a value of ∼106 for 2000 ppm of LPG in the 100–200 °C range with 1 at% Pt. The sensitivity remains high even for 50 ppm of LPG, and is not affected significantly by repeated cycles or humidity. The mechanism of sensing of hydrocarbons by WO2.72 nanowires is explained on the basis of adsorbed oxygen species.
A current cycle feedback iterative learning control approach to AFM imaging (2008)

In this article, we proposed a novel current cycle feedback (CCF) iterative learning control (ILC) approach to achieve high-speed imaging on atomic force microscope (AFM). AFM-imaging requires precision positioning of the AFM probe relative to the sample in 3-D (x-y-z) dimension. It has been demonstrated that with advanced control techniques such as the inversion-based iterative-control (IIC) technique, precision positioning of the AFM probe in the lateral (x-y) direction can be successfully achieved. Additional challenges, however, must be overcome to achieve precision positioning of the AFM-probe in the vertical direction. The main contribution of this article is the developement of the CCF-ILC approach to the AFM z-axis control. Particularly, the proposed CCF-ILC controller design utilizes the recently-developed robust-inversion technique to minimize the model uncertainty effect on the feedforward control, and remove the causality constraints existing in other CCF-ILC approaches. Experimental results for AFM imaging are presented and discussed to illustrate the proposed method.
Segmentation of sows in farrowing pens (2013)

The correct segmentation of a foreground object in video recordings is an important task for many surveillance systems. The development of an effective and practical algorithm to segment sows in grayscale video recordings captured under commercial production conditions is described. The segmentation algorithm combines a modified adaptive Gaussian mixture model for background subtraction with the boundaries of foreground objects, which is obtained by using dyadic wavelet transform. This algorithm can accurately extract the shapes of a sow under complex environments, such as dynamic background and illumination changes as well as motionless foreground objects. About 97% of the segmented binary images in the validation data sets can be used to track sow behaviours, such as position, orientation and movement. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to provide a basis to detect and classify the sow behaviours in farrowing pens.
Use of parasitic strip to produce circular polarisationand increased bandwidth for cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (2001)

An experimental investigation is undertaken to determine the effect on the bandwidth and polarisation of a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna when a parasitic strip is attached to its surface. Particular configurations are found that increase the bandwidth and produce circular polarisation.
Detection of specific IgE antibodies towards cat flea (<i>Ctenocephalides felis felis</i>) in patients with suspected cat allergy (1987)

Cat flea sensitivity is considered one of the most important skin diseases in cats and dogs. Cat fleas, however, are also a growing allergen problem for humans. Cat flea-specific IgE antibodies were studied in serum samples from 70 patients with suspected cat allergy, using RAST-based techniques and the nitrocellulose immunoblotting method. Results from RAST studies, using cat and cat flea as allergosorbents, showed that 46% of the patients were RAST positive against both cat and cat flea. 9% of the patients were RAST positive only against the cat flea. The nitrocellulose immunoblotting experiments were in agreement with the RAST results showing specific IgE to cat flea. The results indicate that some cat-allergic patients have specific IgE both towards cat and cat flea but also that some of the patients with suspected cat allergy might have specific IgE towards the cat flea and not the cat. RAST-inhibition and immunoblotting experiments also indicate that the allergen composition of cat flea extract differs from that of cat extract, even if common allergens have been detected, leading to cross-reactivity in some sera.
Direct In-Network Localization of Performance Degradations (2014)

Technical advances in network communication systems (e.g. radio access networks) combined with evolving concepts based on virtualization (e.g. clouds), require new management algorithms in order to handle the increasing complexity in the network behavior and variability in the network environment. Current network management operations are primarily centralized and deterministic, and are carried out via automated scripts and manual interventions, which work for mid-sized and fairly static networks. The next generation of communication networks and systems will be of significantly larger size and complexity, and will require scalable and autonomous management algorithms in order to meet operational requirements on reliability, failure resilience, and resource-efficiency.A promising approach to address these challenges includes the development of probabilistic management algorithms, following three main design goals. The first goal relates to all aspects of scalability, ranging from efficient usage of network resources to computational efficiency. The second goal relates to adaptability in maintaining the models up-to-date for the purpose of accurately reflecting the network state. The third goal relates to reliability in the algorithm performance in the sense of improved performance predictability and simplified algorithm control.This thesis is about probabilistic approaches to fault management that follow the concepts of probabilistic network management (PNM). An overview of existing network management algorithms and methods in relation to PNM is provided. The concepts of PNM and the implications of employing PNM-algorithms are presented and discussed. Moreover, some of the practical differences of using a probabilistic fault detection algorithm compared to a deterministic method are investigated. Further, six probabilistic fault management algorithms that implement different aspects of PNM are presented.The algorithms are highly decentralized, adaptive and autonomous, and cover several problem areas, such as probabilistic fault detection and controllable detection performance; distributed and decentralized change detection in modeled link metrics; root-cause analysis in virtual overlays; event-correlation and pattern mining in data logs; and, probabilistic failure diagnosis. The probabilistic models (for a large part based on Bayesian parameter estimation) are memory-efficient and can be used and re-used for multiple purposes, such as performance monitoring, detection, and self-adjustment of the algorithm behavior.
Chemical Sensors and Biosensors for Medical and Biological Applications (1998)

This book introduces the principles and concepts of chemical and biochemical sensors for analyzing medical as well as biological samples. For applications like analyzing or monitoring gastric juice or blood plasma, the potential of sensors is exceptionally large. Focussed on these applications, the interpretation of analytical results is explained. Specific advantages are compared to other analytical techniques. Numerous tables with data provide useful information not easily found elsewhere and make a handy source of reference. Ursula E. Spichiger-Keller is head of the Center for Chemical Sensors/Biosensors and Bioanalytical Chemistry at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich.
Regulation of Two JunD Isoforms by Jun N-terminal Kinases (2002)

The JunD transcription factor is one member of the Jun family of proteins that also includes c-Jun and JunB. Although c-Jun can function to promote cell proliferation and can cooperate with other oncogenes to transform cells, JunD slows proliferation of fibroblasts and antagonizes transformation by activated ras. Two isoforms of JunD, a full-length isoform containing 341 amino acids (JunD-FL) and a truncated isoform lacking 48 amino acids at the N terminus (Delta JunD), are generated through utilization of two translation start sites within a single mRNA. Here we show that both isoforms of JunD are phosphorylated by Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) at three identical residues and that both contain a docking domain that specifically binds JNKs. The JunD-FL isoform binds to and is phosphorylated by JNK more efficiently than Delta JunD in vitro; correspondingly, JunD-FL is a more potent transcriptional activator than Delta JunD. Although increased JNK signaling can activate both JunD isoforms, mutating either the JNK docking domain or the target JNK phosphorylation sites blocks this activation. These results identify two distinct isoforms of JunD with differential responses to JNK signaling pathways.
Lab-on-Chip Flow Injection Analysis System without an External Pump and Valves and Integrated with an In Line Electrochemical Detector (2009)

Surface energy in small droplets can be used to drive samples through microchannels. When a sample fluid is spontaneously driven through a solution filled microchannel with liquid droplets on its entry (sample) and exit (reservoir) ports, it is termed as a passive pumping device. A passive pump driven microfluidic system integrated with microfabricated planar electrodes or electrode arrays (e.g., interdigitated electrode arrays or microband electrode arrays) can be considered as a manifold for flow injection analysis without an external pump and injector valve. Factors affecting the passive pump driven flow rate in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-glass hybrid microfluidic system, including the volume, viscosity, and surface tension of the sample solution and the tilt of the microfluidic channel, are analyzed. By placing 2 microL of hexacyanoferrate (II) solutions at the entry port of the device, peak shaped transients were recorded. The peak heights showed linear dependence on the sample concentrations between 3 x 10(-7) and 10(-5) M.
TEG: a new post-layout optimization method (2003)

Post-layout is an important stage in the modern very large scale integration (VLSI) design. In this stage, the extraction and verification tools can get the most accurate results with the complete layout information, and the layout problems can be detected precisely for further design improvements or optimizations. But the problem is that the design optimization is very hard to perform in post-layout. Every design modification is under tight geometry constraints. Usually the designer either changes layout manually by layout editor, or goes back to previous placement or routing stage in order to have the preferred results. How to modify the layout becomes a bottleneck in the post-layout optimization. In this paper, we propose a new method to resolve this problem called the triangulation encoding graph (TEG) method. Based on an improved topological layout representation and a set of layout operation algorithms, TEG provides an incremental layout modification environment for post-layout optimizations. Experimental results show that TEG is efficient and effective in processing industry VLSI designs.
Finely dispersed iron, iron-molybdenum, and sulfated iron oxides as catalysts for coprocessing reactions (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFinely dispersed iron, iron-molybdenum, and sulfated iron oxides as catalysts for coprocessing reactionsVivek Pradhan, R., David E. Herrick, John W. Tierney, and Irving WenderCite this: Energy Fuels 1991, 5, 5, 712–720Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00029a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00029a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views396Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Increasing survival and efficacy of a bacterial biocontrol agent of fire blight of rosaceous plants by means of osmoadaptation (2007)

The efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens EPS62e in the biocontrol of Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight of apple and pear, depends on the colonization of plant surfaces after spray application. A procedure to increase cell survival in the phyllosphere was developed consisting of saline stress and osmolyte amendment to the growth medium during inoculum preparation. Hyperosmotic stress induced the synthesis of the osmolytes trehalose, N-acetylglutaminylglutamine amide and glucosyl-glycerol, but decreasing growth rate. Amendment of the growth medium with glycine betaine increased growth rate and cell yield and promoted its intracellular accumulation. Under controlled environment conditions, osmoadaptation increased by 10- to 100-fold cell survival to desiccation and to low relative humidity conditions on plant surfaces, in comparison with the nonosmoadapted controls. In the field, cell survival increased 100-1000 times in immature fruit upon osmoadaptation but was not significantly affected in flowers where active colonization occurs. The efficacy in the control of fire blight infections was increased 30-50% upon osmoadaptation on immature fruits but was not affected in blossoms. The method of osmoadaptation may be useful for improving the fitness and efficacy of biological control agents of phyllosphere pathogens under limiting humidity conditions.
Comprehensive utilization of acidic wastewater from 3,3′‐dichlorobenzidine hydrochloride manufacture (2001)

Abstract In the commercial manufacture of 3,3′‐dichlorobenzidine hydrochloride, substantial quantities of acidic industrial effluents were generated. A combination of ultrafiltration and evaporation processes was investigated for the recovery of products and dilute hydrochloric acid. In a novel purification method, waste sulfuric acid is purified and reused four or five times in the hydrazobenzene–benzidine transformation step, resulting in a 75% reduction in the consumption of sulfuric acid, minimization of wastewater discharge and environmental hazards risk and significant economic, environmental and social benefits. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Human albumin in the management of complications of liver cirrhosis (2012)

Th e use of human albumin in the setting of liver cirrhosis is supported by evidence arising from prospective\nrandomized trials and meta-analyses. Albumin administration is, therefore widely accepted and recommended\nby current international guidelines for the prevention of PPCD and acute renal failure in patients with SBP, and\nthe treatment of HRS as an adjunct to vasoconstrictors. All these complications share the common patho physiological background of reduced eff ective volemia, mainly because of peripheral arterial vasodilation, and the\nrationale underlying the use of albumin is related to its activity as a plasma expander. However, it is likely that\nthe benefi cial eff ects of albumin are also linked to its non-oncotic properties, including binding capacity,\nantioxidant activity, and eff ects on capillary integrity. Th ese eff ects represent the main fi elds of current and\nfuture research, from which will likely arise further and more appropriate indications for albumin administration\nin patients with liver disease.
On-Board Storage and Home Refueling Options for Natural Gas Vehicles (1983)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper options for on-board storage and home refueling of natural gas vehicles are presented and discussed. The on-board natural gas storage options considered are: storage at 2.2 MPa (300 psig) in activated carbon-filled cylinders, and 7.0 MPa (1000 psig) and 16.7 MPa (2400 psig) in hollow cylinders. Information is presented on small home refueling compressors designed to compress the natural gas to the above mentioned storage pressures. Also shown are data on the density and energy density of natural gas at pressures up to 21 MPa (3000 psig), It is found that to achieve a range of 160 km (100 miles), a 12.7 km/L (30 mpg) vehicle requires 232, 170 and 62 liters (8.2, 6.0 and 2.2 ft<sup>3</sup>), respectively, of natural gas storage volume at the three pressures considered. A preliminary comparison of the three storage options suggests that storage above 7.0 MPa is preferred.</div>
Effect of the Presence Period of Bovine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor in Culture Medium on the Development of In Vitro Fertilized Bovine Embryos (2001)

The effects of the presence of bovine leukemia inhibitory factor (bLIF) in culture medium on the hatching rate and cell number of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) of bovine embryos were examined. Bovine presumptive zygotes were divided into four groups which were in the presence or absence of 10ng/ml of bLIF, and the culture period of the groups in the presence of bLIF was throughout from day 0 to 5 and/or day 5 to 10 (the day of in vitro fertilization was decided as day 0). The cleavage rate at day 2 was not significantly different among the four groups. Hatching rates of zygotes cultured in the presence of bLIF throughout from day 5 to 10 were significantly higher than those of zygotes cultured in the absence of bLIF throughout from day 5 to 10. The cell numbers of TE of hatched blastocysts obtained from zygotes cultured in the presence of bLIF throughout from day 5 to 10 were significantly higher than those of hatched blastocysts obtained from zygotes cultured in the absence of bLIF throughout from day 5 to 10. However, the cell numbers of ICM were not significantly different in the four groups. There were no effect of the presence of bLIF throughout from day 0 to 5 on hatching rate and cell number of ICM and TE. These results indicate that (1) the effect of bLIF depends on the period of its presence, (2) bLIF increases the number of cells in the TE and (3) bLIF acts on the hatching process.
Paleoecological Anatomy of a Conemaugh (Pennsylvanian) Marine Event (1974)

Detailed paleoecological analysis of the Upper Pennsylvanian Ames limestone and shale near Morgantown, West Virginia, suggests that the Ames transgression in that area was very rapid, presumably over a low-relief plain. Evidence of stillstand is in a lower Ames shale sequence immediately overlying the Harlem coal and, thus, is at odds with traditional interpretations which have placed stillstands in the limestone units of cyclothems. This interpretation is based upon a faunal analysis that resulted in the subdivision of the total Ames marine sequence into five communities: a basal stable mature community with maximum faunal diversity (stillstand); three distinct, and probably laterally adjacent, relict mature communities (regression); and an upper “mixed” community in the final regressive phase of the Ames marine event. The latter might be an assemblage, rather than a reflection of a once living community.
RSH/SLO (“Smith‐Lemli‐Opitz”) syndrome: Historical, genetic, and developmental considerations (1994)

Thirty years after the publication of Smith et al. [1964: J Pediatr 64:210-217] of 3(4) cases of the RSH/SLO ("Smith-Lemli-Opitz") syndrome and after the publication by Roux [1964: Arch Franç Pédiatr 21:451-464] on the teratogenic action of Triparanol, a defect of cholesterol metabolism was discovered by Tint and his co-workers in the blood of the patients of Irons and Elias [Irons et al., 1993: Lancet 341:1414]. In this manner, the RSH syndrome has been identified as another metabolic multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome (prototype Zellweger syndrome) in which deficient cholesterol synthesis must be held responsible for all parts of the syndrome, including blastogenetic and organogenetic malformations, minor anomalies, more or less severe abnormalities of CNS and PNS structure and function, postnatal failure to thrive, and, in some cases, stillbirth or infancy/childhood death.
Engineering of multifunctional gels integrating highly efficient growth factor delivery with endothelial cell transplantation (2008)

Transplantation of Bcl-2-transduced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs) in protein gels into the gastrocnemius muscle improves local reperfusion in immunodeficient mouse hosts with induced hind limb ischemia. We tested the hypothesis that incorporation of local, sustained growth factor delivery could enhance and accelerate this effect. Tissue engineering scaffolds often use synthetic polymers to enable controlled release of proteins, but most synthetic delivery systems have major limitations, most notably hydrophobicity and inefficient protein loading. Here, we report the development of a novel alginate-based delivery system for vascular endothelial growth factor-A(165) (VEGF) that exhibits superior loading efficiency and physical properties to previous systems in vitro. In vivo, VEGF released from alginate microparticles within protein gels was biologically active and, when combined with EC transplantation, led to increased survival of transplanted cells at 28 days. The composite graft described also improved early (14 days) tissue perfusion and late (28 days) muscle myoglobin expression, a sign of recovery from ischemia, compared with EC transplantation and VEGF delivery separately. We conclude that our improved approach to sustained VEGF delivery in tissue engineering is useful in vivo and that the integration of high efficiency protein delivery enhances the therapeutic effect of protein gel-based EC transplantation.