gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peta-scale lattice quantum chromodynamics on a blue gene/Q supercomputer (2012)

Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is one of the most challenging applications running on massively parallel supercomputers. To reproduce these physical phenomena on a supercomputer, a precise simulation is demanded requiring well optimized and scalable code. We have optimized lattice QCD programs on Blue Gene family supercomputers and shown the strength in lattice QCD simulation. Here we optimized on the third generation Blue Gene/Q supercomputer; i) by changing the data layout, ii) by exploiting new SIMD instruction sets, and iii) by pipelining boundary data exchange to overlap communication and calculation. The optimized lattice QCD program shows excellent weak scalability on the large scale Blue Gene/Q system, and with 16 racks we sustained 1.08 Pflop/s, 32.1% of the theoretical peak performance, including the conjugate gradient solver routines.
Characteristics and frequency of reversals in mean sea level pressure in the north Atlantic sector and their relationship to long‐term temperature trends (1987)

Abstract Reversals in the usual monthly mean sea level pressure (SLP) gradient over the North Atlantic during winter—an extreme mode of the North Atlantic Oscillation—are documented back to 1867. Such events are typically associated with well‐below‐normal temperatures in north‐west Europe and above‐normal precipitation amounts in the western Mediterranean area. Also noted during these events is the tendency for above‐normal temperatures in western Greenland and below‐normal temperatures in the eastern United States. Temporal changes in the frequency of SLP reversals relate well to trends in the strength of the zonal wind and the frequency of blocking in the north‐east Atlantic area. Part of the fluctuations in temperature in western Europe during the last century can be explained by these changes in circulation. Nevertheless, major trends in winter temperature over this period, particularly the early 20th century rise in temperature, remain when adjustments are made to account for the effects of circulation changes during reversal winters. This suggests that mechanisms other than changes in the frequency of circulation regimes also play an important role in determining hemispheric temperature trends on these time scales.
Functional Analysis of the Transforming Growth Factor βResponsive Elements in the WAF1/Cip1/p21 Promoter (1995)

The transforming growth factor beta s (TGF-beta s) are a group of multifunctional growth factors that inhibit cell cycle progression in many cell types. The TGF-beta-induced cell cycle arrest has been partially attributed to the regulatory effects of TGF-beta on both the levels and activities of the G1 cyclins and their cyclin-dependent kinase partners. The ability of TGF-beta to inhibit the activity of these kinase complexes derives in part from its regulatory effects on the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21/WAF1/Cip1, p27Kip1, and p15. Upon treatment of cells with TGF-beta, these three inhibitors bind to and block the activities of specific cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase complexes to cause cell cycle arrest. Little is known, however, on the mechanism through which TGF-beta activates these cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. In the case of p21, TGF-beta treatment leads to an increase in p21 mRNA. This increase in p21 mRNA is partly due to transcriptional activation of the p21 promoter by TGF-beta. To further define the signaling pathways through which TGF-beta induces p21, we have performed a detailed functional analysis on the p21 promoter. Through both deletion and mutation analysis of the p21 promoter, we have defined a 10-base pair sequence that is required for the activation of the p21 promoter by TGF-beta. In addition, this sequence is sufficient to drive TGF-beta-mediated transcription from a previously nonresponsive promoter. Preliminary gel shift assays demonstrate that this TGF-beta responsive element binds specifically to several proteins in vitro. Two of these proteins are the transcription factors Sp-1 and Sp-3. These studies represent the initial steps toward defining the signaling pathways involved in TGF-beta-mediated transcriptional activation of p21.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Is Required for Hippocampal Late-Phase Long-Term Potentiation and Memory (2006)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are extracellular proteases that have well recognized roles in cell signaling and remodeling in many tissues. In the brain, their activation and function are customarily associated with injury or pathology. Here, we demonstrate a novel role for MMP-9 in hippocampal synaptic physiology, plasticity, and memory. MMP-9 protein levels and proteolytic activity are rapidly increased by stimuli that induce late-phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP) in area CA1. Such regulation requires NMDA receptors and protein synthesis. Blockade of MMP-9 pharmacologically prevents induction of L-LTP selectively; MMP-9 plays no role in, nor is regulated during, other forms of short-term synaptic potentiation or long-lasting synaptic depression. Similarly, in slices from MMP-9 null-mutant mice, hippocampal LTP, but not long-term depression, is impaired in magnitude and duration; adding recombinant active MMP-9 to null-mutant slices restores the magnitude and duration of LTP to wild-type levels. Activated MMP-9 localizes in part to synapses and modulates hippocampal synaptic physiology through integrin receptors, because integrin function-blocking reagents prevent an MMP-9-mediated potentiation of synaptic signal strength. The fundamental importance of MMP-9 function in modulating hippocampal synaptic physiology and plasticity is underscored by behavioral impairments in hippocampal-dependent memory displayed by MMP-9 null-mutant mice. Together, these data reveal new functions for MMPs in synaptic and behavioral plasticity.
ISDN layer 1 to 3 implementation (2003)

The authors discuss the integrated services digital network (ISDN) as an attractive network evolution from existing telephony to support a wide range of both voice and nonvoice telecommunications services. Significant efforts have been devoted to the development of a common European approach and supporting international standards. ISDN interfaces promise a common access method to bearer services (switched and nonswitched) and to teleservices (such as telematic services, at least initially), with both sets of services optionally complemented by supplementary services. Business customers, which are the main potential ISDN users, require international availability of ISDN services with harmonized tariff principles and a high degree of consistency in connecting devices to their international networks. A number of specific ISDN standardization problems are addressed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Phagosome: Compartment with a License to Kill (2007)

Phagosomes are fascinating subcellular structures. After all, there are only a few compartments that are born before our very eyes and whose development we can follow in a light microscope until their contents disintegrate and are completely absorbed. Yet, some phagosomes are taken advantage of by pathogenic microorganisms, which change their fate. Research into phagosome biogenesis has flourished in recent years - the purpose of this review is to give a glimpse of where this research stands, with emphasis on the cell biology of macrophage phagosomes, on new model organisms for the study of phagosome biogenesis and on intracellular pathogens and their interference with normal phagosome function.
Tin-Activated Magnesium Barium Pyrophosphate Phosphors (1962)

Although , cannot be activated by tin, combination with produces a very efficient phosphor, , emitting at 3970Aå. This last phase, combined with , forms a solid solution of limited stability, , whose emission band appears at 5120Aå when excited by 2537Aå. A ternary phase can be formed , whose ultraviolet emission peak changes with composition.
A scalable multi-path microarchitecture for efficient GPU control flow (2014)

Graphics processing units (GPUs) are increasingly used for non-graphics computing. However, applications with divergent control flow incur performance degradation on current GPUs. These GPUs implement the SIMT execution model by serializing the execution of different control flow paths encountered by a warp. This serialization can mask thread level parallelism among the scalar threads comprising a warp thus degrading performance. In this paper, we propose a novel branch divergence handling mechanism that enables interleaved execution of divergent paths within a warp while maintaining immediate postdominator reconvergence. This multi-path microarchitecture decouples divergence and reconvergence tracking by replacing the stack-based structure typically employed to support SIMT execution with two tables: a warp split table and a warp reconvergence table. It also enables reconvergence before the immediate postdominator which is important for efficient execution of unstructured control flow. Evaluated on a set of benchmarks with complex divergent control flow, our proposal achieves up to a 7× speedup with a harmonic mean of 32% over conventional single-path SIMT execution.
Very-high-frequency DC-to-DC conversion and regulation in the low-megahertz range (1971)

Anticipated new mission requirements have motivated research on very-high-frequency (VHF) regulated dc-to-dc converters to operate at conversion frequencies in the low-meghertz range. State-of-the-art electronic components for VHF operation are discussed. Two different converter configurations, one using proportional control and having a conversion frequency of 1.0 MHz and the other using bistable control and having a conversion frequency of 3.8 MHz, are presented to indicate converter performance in this VHF region. Converter losses, which are of prime importance at these frequencies, are discussed and possible means of reducing these losses are suggested.
Protein architecture : interfacing molecular assemblies and immobilization biotechnology (2000)

Part 1 Protein adsorption on a solid surface: protein adsorption on solid/liquid interface. Part 2 Surface covalent immobilization of proteins: immobilization of protein monolayers on planar solid supports. Part 3 Protein monolayer formation at liquid interface and its transfer on solid substrate: quantitative detection of protein binding to the lipid membrane surface by using quartz crystal microbalance ordering by capillary forces Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers of proteins. Part 4 Electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly via alternate adsorption of proteins and polyions: electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly of proteins and polyions sequential catalysis in organized multienzyme films fabrication of immunoglobulin mono- and multilayers - their applications for immunosensors immobilized enzyme multilayers -the way for assembly of microreactors and biosensors ordered multilayer assemblies - albumin/heparin for biocompatible coating and monoclonal antibodies for optical immunosensors. Part 5 Multilayer assembly with biospecific interaction: biomaterials that communicate antigen-antibody assembling of enzyme monomolecular layers and multilayers on electrodes. Part 6 Electrochemistry in ordered protein layers: electrochemistry and electroenzymology in layered films containing proteins. Part 7 Patterning of protein layers - two dimensional patterning of proteins.
Synthetic Resins and Rubbers (Powers, Paul O.) (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewSynthetic Resins and Rubbers (Powers, Paul O.)Harry L. Fisher Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1944, 21, 4, 208Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1944Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1944Published inissue 1 April 1944https://doi.org/10.1021/ed021p208RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (460 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Accelerating the development of a therapeutic vaccine for human Chagas disease: rationale and prospects (2012)

Chagas disease is a leading cause of heart disease affecting approximately 10 million people in Latin America and elsewhere worldwide. The two major drugs available for the treatment of Chagas disease have limited efficacy in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected adults with indeterminate (patients who have seroconverted but do not yet show signs or symptoms) and determinate (patients who have both seroconverted and have clinical disease) status; they require prolonged treatment courses and are poorly tolerated and expensive. As an alternative to chemotherapy, an injectable therapeutic Chagas disease vaccine is under development to prevent or delay Chagasic cardiomyopathy in patients with indeterminate or determinate status. The bivalent vaccine will be comprised of two recombinant T. cruzi antigens, Tc24 and TSA-1, formulated on alum together with the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist, E6020. Proof-of-concept for the efficacy of these antigens was obtained in preclinical testing at the Autonomous University of Yucatan. Here the authors discuss the potential for a therapeutic Chagas vaccine as well as the progress made towards such a vaccine, and the authors articulate a roadmap for the development of the vaccine as planned by the nonprofit Sabin Vaccine Institute Product Development Partnership and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development in collaboration with an international consortium of academic and industrial partners in Mexico, Germany, Japan, and the USA.
Stable isotopic composition of cryptocrystalline magnesite from deposits in Turkey and Austria (2009)

(1) Department Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, University of Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Austria (Konstantin-Georg.Horkel@unileoben.ac.at), (2) Department Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, University of Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Austria (Fritz.EbnerQunileoben.ac.at), (3) Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria (Christoph.Spoetl@uibk.ac.at)
Isolation and characterization of proteoglycans from the swarm rat chondrosarcoma. (1975)

Proteoglycan monomer (D1) and aggregate (A1) preparations were isolated from 4 M guanidinium chloride extracts of the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma. When EDTA, 6-aminohexanoic acid, and benzamidine were present in the solutions, the D1 preparation contained a single component (SO = 23 S), and the A1 preparation contained 30% monomer (SO = 23 S) and 70 percent aggregate (SO = 111 S). In the absence of EDTA, 6-aminohexanoic acid, and benzamidine, the A1 preparations contained only small proteoglycan fragments, indicating that extensive enzymatic degradation had occurred. The composition of the proteoglycan monomer was different from that of proteoglycan monomer preparations from normal hyaline cartilages in that it did not contain keratan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate; only chondroitin 4-sulfate was found. The A1 preparation from the chondrosarcoma contained only one link protein, which was like the smaller (molecular weight of 40,000) of the two link proteins present in A1 preparations from bovine nasal cartilage. When the A1 preparation from the chondrosarcoma was treated with chondroitinase ABC and trypsin and the digest was chromatographed on Sepharose 2B, a complex was isolated which contained the link protein and the segments of the protein core from the hyaluronic acid-binding region of the proteoglycan molecules.
Biological Control of Crown Gall: Seed and Root Inoculation (1974)

S ummary . Experiments on the control of crown gall by inoculating susceptible plants with a non‐pathogenic strain of Agrobacterium radiobacter have continued. In all experiments, highly significant disease control was achieved. In one experiment, 42% of untreated plants growing in soil heavily infested with A. radiobacter var. tumefaciens died; inoculation of seed with the non‐pathogenic strain reduced this to nil. Combined seed and root inoculation was more efficient than seed inoculation alone. In naturally infested soil, combined seed and root inoculation at transplanting gave 99% control of gall formation (as dry weight). A significant increase in plant growth resulted from combined seed and root inoculation. At transplanting, roots should probably be inoculated within 2 h of lifting. This method of biological control is now widely practised by commercial growers in South Australia.
bioPROTACs as versatile modulators of intracellular therapeutic targets including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) (2020)

Significance Intracellular proteins interact with each other to perform functions that are critical to normal and disease states. Attempts at altering pathological protein–protein interactions with traditional approaches have largely failed. Here, we explore an emerging approach we call “bioPROTACs”—engineered fusion proteins that consist of a target binding domain and an E3 ligase, an arrangement that results in the specific degradation of the therapeutic target. Our systematic study shows bioPROTAC design requirements are highly flexible in terms of both the binding domain and E3 ligase components. Resulting molecules can be used as powerful tools for uncovering biology, informing on the design of small molecule target degraders (e.g. PROTACs), and, if delivery issues can be addressed, potential therapeutics.
Analysing software requirements specifications for performance (2002)

The earliest moment when performance issues can be addressed is the initial specification of a software system, during the formulation of the architecture, and well before the design stage. A common form of specification at this stage is a set of scenarios to be executed by the system, which embody the Use Cases, and identify the sequence of responsibilities to be carried out in different kinds of responses. On the basis that earlier analysis is better, a performance modeling capability has been installed in a scenario modeling tool for Use Case Maps that is part of a proposed standard for User Requirements Notation. Using examples, the paper shows how this kind of early analysis can address high-level performance questions, at a comparable level of abstraction to the specification. The imprecision of early knowledge, and the risk of ignoring some performance limitations, are key factors whose impact is addressed.
Erratum (1982)

This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/eb057286. When citing the article, please cite: R.P. Temporal, (1982), “Strategic Management for the ʼ80s”, Industrial Management & Data Systems , Vol. 82 Iss: 11/12, pp. 8 - 14.
The MET receptor tyrosine kinase in invasion and metastasis (2007)

Various cytokines and soluble growth factors upon interaction with their membrane receptors are responsible for inducing cellular proliferation, differentiation, movement, and protection from anoikis (a planned suicide activated by normal cells in absence of attachment to neighboring cells or extracellular matrix (EMC)). Among those soluble factors a major position is exerted by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) together with its receptor MET and macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) in cooperation with its receptor RON.
논문 : 용접 및 접합 ; Al-Si-Mg-Cu-Ge 필러합금에 의한 6061알루미늄합금의 진공브레이징 (1998)

The vacuum brazing of 6061 aluminium alloy with Al-12Si-1Mg-5Cu-xGe(x=0, 10, 20wt.%) braze alloy has been conducted at temperatures ranged 530~570℃ for 60min under brazing pressure of 1MPa to investigate the braze joint microstructure. the joint strength and the wettability of braze alloy. The liquidus temperatures of braze alloys with Ge=0, 10, 20wt.% were 572℃, 558℃ and 541℃, respectively. The wettability of braze alloy was found to be improved with increasing the brazing temperature. Braze joint microstructure was varied with the brazing temperature. Under low brazing temperatures(≤550℃, the silicon and germanium, which are expected to be the elements present in the braze alloy, are observed at the braze joint. On the other hand, these elements were not detected under the brazing temperature of 570℃. This may be due to the diffusion of the elements into 6061 aluminium alloy. The joint strength was found to be increased with increasing the brazing temperature. The maximum joint strength was obtained at 570℃ brazing temperature and its value was 73% of tensile strength of the base metal.
Seven-Year Treatment Outcome of Entecavir in a Real-World Cohort: Effects on Clinical Parameters, HBsAg and HBcrAg Levels (2017)

Long-term entecavir therapy continued to have good responses with low drug resistance rate. However, the decline of HBsAg with treatment was suboptimal. HBcrAg level declined at a relatively better rate. Baseline HBsAg level of <1,000 IU/ml and annual decline of 0.166 log IU/ml could be used to predict HBsAg response.
Thermal flow and chemical shrink techniques for sub-100 nm contact hole fabrication in electron beam lithography (2002)

In the recent ITRS roadmap, electron beam based lithography would provide an approach to leading IC technologies from the generation of 180 nm. to sub-100 nm. As a consequence, high resolution and sensitivity resists for electron beam lithography are required. Suitable process enhanced techniques for improving resolution of resists is also essential. Chemically amplified resists have been widely used in deep UV optical lithography for high throughput considerations. Recently, resist thermal flow and chemical shrink techniques have achieved 100 nm patterns by utilizing conventional deep UV optical lithography. We characterized positive chemically amplified resists UV-86 (Shipley) and MES-1EG (JSR) for high-resolution electron beam lithography. We demonstrated thermal flow and chemical shrink techniques for sub-100 nm contact hole fabrication in electron beam lithography.