gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Alternating Copolymers from the Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of 3-Methylcyclobutene and 3,3-Dimethylcyclobutene (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of Alternating Copolymers from the Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of 3-Methylcyclobutene and 3,3-DimethylcyclobuteneZhe Wu and Robert H. GrubbsCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 10, 3502–3508Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00114a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00114a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views532Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bovell's Obstetrical Set (1990)

Brass-bound velvet-lined mahogany case with engraved silver plate on lid bearing name
On Road Testing of Advanced Common Rail Diesel Vehicles with Biodiesel from the Jatropha Curcas plant (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper addresses the use of neat, indigenous biodiesel in advanced Mercedes-Benz passenger cars. Modern, unmodified EU3 Common-Rail diesel engines with second generation common rail technology were used to determine the effects of neat biodiesel on performance and emission characteristics. The biodiesel was made from the seeds of the Jatropha Curcas plant and sourced from the Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute in Bhavnagar, India. The production of biodiesel and the vehicle tests are part of a PPP project, funded jointly by the DaimlerChrysler AG and the German DEG. The project aims at providing additional jobs and income in rural Indian areas along with reclaiming unused wasteland.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The test vehicles were operated for a cumulative 8000 kilometers with an intention to expose the vehicle and fuel to diverse climatic conditions. During the tests the vehicles were subjected to periodic emission testing in order to determine the on-road emission performance and identify key emission characteristics of the Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME). Storage stability testing as well as engine performance testing of the JME was conducted to determine the respective quality and performance parameters. The first vehicle-testing period revealed that the car running on biodiesel shows no particular deviation from a car running on fossil diesel as far as vehicle performance is considered.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides emissions are comparable to that of fossil diesel, however carbon monoxide emissions tend to increase. In order to come to a final conclusion, a larger sample size of tests needs to be considered as the variations are in a small bandwidth. Particulate emissions from the vehicle running on JME were significantly lower than those of a car running on fossil diesel. This can be considered as a conclusive outcome considering the two cars being tested so far.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The quality of the biodiesel, produced in a small scale, all Indian-made transesterification unit, exceeds the stringent requirements of the EU 14214 norm. Only the storage life of the biodiesel is a parameter which needs to be studied further as a negative variance with regards to emission performance was observed with biodiesel under long durations of storage. This is a well-known feature of biodiesel which can be remedied by using appropriate additives.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In order to come to a more conclusive understanding of the performance of biodiesel made from the Jatropha Curcas plant in Mercedes-Benz Common Rail Diesel engines, further testing with this vehicle over a distance in the region of 45000 to 55000 kilometers is under way. Additional testing under hostile and harsh environmental conditions will also be carried out to ascertain full fuel performance.</div>
SYNTHESE TOTALE DE LA (<i>d</i>,<i>l</i>) α-CONIDENDRINE (1983)

Abstract Michael addition of the carbanion of the dithian 7 (derived from O-benzyl vanillin) on butenolide, afforded the saturated lactone 8. Alkylation of the latter with the benzylic bromide 6, followed by regeneration of the carbonyl group gave the α,β-disubstituted lactone 10. Reduction of the ketonic carbonyl group of compound 10 using NaBH4, followed by treatment with CF3CO2H and catalytic hydrogenolysis afforded (d,l)α-conidendrin 1.
Gene-expression profiling of Gram-positive and Gram-negative sepsis in critically ill patients* (2008)

Gram-positive sepsis and gram-negative sepsis share a common host response at a transcriptome level. These findings support the hypothesis that the septic response is nonspecific and is designed to provide a more general response that can be elicited by a wide range of different microorganisms.
Apparatus for Continuous Electrochromatography (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApparatus for Continuous ElectrochromatographyH. H. StrainCite this: Anal. Chem. 1958, 30, 2, 228–231Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60134a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60134a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparative Morphology and Taxonomy of the Wrangelieae, Sphondylothamnieae, and Spermothamnieae (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) (1971)

Of 24 species from southern Australia which were previously placed in Wrangelia C. Agardh, only five rightly belong to this genus. A sixth southern Australian species, Wrangelia australis (J. Ag.) comb. nov., is transferred from Bracebridgea J. Ag. Of 12 species referred to Wrangelia from extra-Australian regions, seven are studied and their systematic positions elucidated. Five of the remaining southern Australian species referred to Wrangelia are segregated into three new genera, Shepleya, Wollastoniella, and Drewiana, one into Involucrana Baldock & Womersley, and two into Medeiothamnion Pujals. These genera, probably with Vickersia Karsakoff and Diplothamnion Joly & Yamaguishi, are closely related to Sphondylothamnion Naegeli, and are included in the tribe Sphondylothamnieae Feldmann-Mazoyer. Two new species of this tribe are described from southern Australia. Medeiothamnion lyallii (Harvey) comb. nov. from New Zealand is also transferred from Wrangelia, and Shepleya australe (1. Ag.) comb. nov. from Antithamnion. The remaining 11 species from southern Australia, previously placed in Wrangelia, are found to be conspecific with other species or transferred to other genera not in the tribes studied. The following genera, including four new species, are included in the tribe Spermothamnieae Schmitz: Spermothamnion Areschoug, Tiffanielia Doty & Menez, Ptilothamnion Thuret, Lejolisia Bornet, Lomathamnion gen. nov., Interthamnion gen. nov., and Ptilothamnionopsis Dixon. The monogeneric tribe Wrangelieae, as in species of Ceramiaceae which are considered primitive, forms procarps successively near the apices of potentially indeterminate branches. However, the structure of the cystocarp, in which the gonimoblast is intermingled with sterile whorl-branchlets of the fertile axis, is relatively specialized. The tribes Sphondylothamnieae and Spermothamnieae are closely related, the procarps being restricted to the subapical cell of the fertile axis which may develop from either a potentially indeterminate or a determinate branch. The Sphondylothamnieae are distinguished by the presence of an inner involucrum around the gonimoblast, formed by division of the sterile cells associated with the procarp , and by the presence of whorl-branchlets on axial cells of indeterminate branches. In the Spermothamnieae there is no inner involucrum (except in Lejolisia) and distinct whorlbranchlets are absent from erect axes. These two groups are probably very highly advanced in the Ceramiaceae and not very closely related to the Wrangelieae. Culture studies showed that in both Wrangelia plumosa and Lejolisia aegagropikI the first division of the spore is approximately parallel to the substrate. In L. aegagropila, prostrate axes are produced secondarily by horizontal growth of erect axes. Nuclear studies show that the vegetative cells of the Wrangelieae are uninucleate, while those of the Sphondylothamnieae and Spermothamnieae are multinucleate.
Acid sphingomyelinase involvement in tumor necrosis factor α-regulated vascular and steroid disruption during luteolysis <i>in vivo</i> (2008)

TNF is well known for its role in inflammation, including direct effects on the vasculature. TNF also is implicated in the regulation of reproduction by its actions to affect ovarian steroidogenic cells and to induce apoptosis of corpus luteum (CL)-derived endothelial cells in vitro. We hypothesized that the disruption of TNF signaling would postpone the regression of the highly vascularized CL in vivo, and this effect could be replicated in mutant mouse models lacking TNF receptor (TNFRI(-/-)) and/or a critical enzyme of TNF signaling, acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase(-/-)). In the current study, the treatment of pseudopregnant mice with the luteolytic mediator prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF) significantly increased TNF in the ovaries when compared with saline-treated controls. Treatment with PGF also reduced serum progesterone (P4) concentrations and caused involution of the CL. However, pretreatment of pseudopregnant mice with Etanercept (ETA), a TNF-neutralizing antibody, inhibited the PGF-induced decrease in P4 and delayed luteal regression. A similar outcome was evident in pseudopregnant TNFRI(-/-) animals. Treatment of luteal microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) with TNF provoked a significant increase in ASMase activity when compared with the corresponding controls. Furthermore, TNF-induced MVEC death was inhibited in the ASMase(-/-) mice. The ASMase(-/-) mice displayed no obvious evidence of luteal regression 24 h after treatment with PGF and were resistant to the PGF-induced decrease in P4. Together these data provide evidence that TNF plays an active role in luteolysis. Further studies are required to determine the deleterious effects of anti-inflammatory agents on basic ovarian processes.
Industrial Application Of Psyllium: An Overview (2015)

Abstract Plantago ovata is economically an important medicinal plant commonly cultivated in different parts of India, Pakistan and Iran and some part of Europe. It has a long history of traditional uses with healing properties. There are various applications of seed husk and its marketable products for medicine and industrial uses. The seed husk is commonly called as psyllium or isabgol has a potential role in the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal and bowel diseases. The intent of this review was to highlight the industrial uses of psyllium for the food products and therapeutic purposes. There is also considerable interest of local people, scientific communities and industries in the medical and food supplement application of psyllium husk and mucilage with specific health benefits.
Performance of Nb$_{3}$Sn RRP Strands and Cables Based on a 108/127 Stack Design (2007)

The high performance NbSn strand produced by Oxford Superconducting Technology (OST) with the Restack Rod Process (RRP) is presently considered as a baseline conductor for the Fermilab's accelerator magnet R∓mp;mp;D program. To improve the strand stability in the current and field range expected in magnet models, the number of subelements in the strand was increased by a factor of two (from 54 to 108), which resulted in a smaller effective filament size. The performance of the 1.0 and 0.7 mm strands of this design was studied using virgin and deformed strand samples. 27-strand Rutherford cables made of 1 mm strand were also tested using a superconducting transformer, small racetrack and 1-m shell-type dipole coils. This paper presents the RRP strand and cable parameters, and reports the results of strand, cable and coil testing.
Advanced Operation for Multilevel Cell (2015)

The multilevel cell (MLC) technology was initially developed for MLC (2 bits/cell), but it was extended to TLC (3 bits/cell) and QLC (4 bits/cell). MLC technology has been developed to focus on the operations of making narrow V t distribution width. A lot of sophisticated techniques have been proposed and implemented to a NAND flash memory product. This chapter first describes these techniques, such as the incremental step pulse program (ISPP), bit-by-bit verify operations, a two-step verify scheme, and a pseudo-pass scheme. It then discusses several page program sequences to reduce the effect of floating-gate capacitive coupling. The chapter also describes TLC (3 bits/cell) and QLC (4 bits/cell) technologies. Next, the three-level cell technology is introduced to compromise the performance and reliability of single-level cell (SLC) and MLC. Finally, the moving read algorithm is presented to compensate a V t shift for minimizing a bit failure rate.
Measurement of tissue motion (1999)

A number of ultrasonic methods are available for the detection of tissue motion as it occurs physiologically in the body. The detection of echoes from within the body in less than 1 ms after the initial transmission of ultrasound and the Doppler effect have enabled a range of instrumentation to be developed. The subject owes a great deal to advances in transducer design, electronics and computer technology. Over many years fast B-mode imaging and M-mode traces of boundary position versus time have been the main clinical tools. Currently new sophisticated detection and imaging techniques are being produced based on the Doppler effect and on tracking motion in tissue images. The measurement of several velocity components is permitting velocity vectors to be determined more completely, adding to accuracy. Not surprisingly, cardiology is the main field of application but there are other areas of interest, e.g. vascular, musculo-skeletal and foetal function studies.
Follicle-stimulating hormone increases bone mass in female mice (2010)

Elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) activity is proposed to directly cause bone loss independent of estradiol deficiency in aging women. Using transgenic female mice expressing human FSH (TgFSH), we now reveal that TgFSH dose-dependently increased bone mass, markedly elevating tibial and vertebral trabecular bone volume. Furthermore, TgFSH stimulated a striking accrual of bone mass in hypogonadal mice lacking endogenous FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) function, showing that FSH-induced bone mass occurred independently of background LH or estradiol levels. Higher TgFSH levels increased osteoblast surfaces in trabecular bone and stimulated de novo bone formation, filling marrow spaces with woven rather than lamellar bone, reflective of a strong anabolic stimulus. Trabecular bone volume correlated positively with ovarian-derived serum inhibin A or testosterone levels in TgFSH mice, and ovariectomy abolished TgFSH-induced bone formation, proving that FSH effects on bone require an ovary-dependent pathway. No detectable FSH receptor mRNA in mouse bone or cultured osteoblasts or osteoclasts indicated that FSH did not directly stimulate bone. Therefore, contrary to proposed FSH-induced bone loss, our findings demonstrate that FSH has dose-dependent anabolic effects on bone via an ovary-dependent mechanism, which is independent of LH activity, and does not involve direct FSH actions on bone cells.
Physical refining of edible oil (1984)

Abstract Physical refining of edible oils has received renewed interest since the early 1970s when the process was reintroduced on a large scale to refine palm oil in Malaysia. Subsequent laboratory and field tests have also shown that physical refining can be used as a substitute for caustic or chemical refining, not only for high free fatty acid (FFA) oils such as palm, but also on low FFA oils such as soybean oil. In either case, the physical refining system results in lower oil loss than chemical refining and also eliminates pollution problems associated with soapstock acidulation. In physical refining, however, the oil pretreatment and efficiency of the distillation are two very important factors that must be considered to guarantee continuous production of high quality products. This paper reviews the physical refining system as it is today and how it can be used on two different edible oils. An actual case study showing the effects of the pretreatment in a commercial operation is also presented.
Membrane fluidity correlates with liver cancer cell proliferation and infiltration potential (2001)

We developed a method to measure membrane fluidity of living cancer cells in two- and three-dimensional cultures, and found that there was a close relationship between the membrane fluidity of cancer cells and their proliferative and infiltrative ability. Membrane fluidity is thus a promising indicator of the probability of cancer recurrence.
Stability of transparent conducting oxide films deposited by sputtering for solar cells applications (2009)

The stability of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) films with bi-layered structures has been tested in air at temperatures up to 550°C. Aluminum-doped ZnO and Sn-doped In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (AZO/ITO) transparent conducting oxide (TCO) films were deposited on glass substrates by a home made radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering system at room temperature in pure argon ambient. A typical commercial ITO and AZO films by mid-frequency (MF) magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 350°C were also investigated for comparison. A strong decrease of electrical conductivity was observed after testing at temperature above 350°C for RF deposited bi-layered TCO as well as for the commercial ITO, while the AZO films deposited by MF magnetron sputtering showed a quite stable electrical property at temperature not greater than 500°C. The optical absorption edge was found to shift to the longer wavelength with an increase in testing temperature for all the TCO. MF sputtered AZO films were used as transparent front contacts for the fabrication of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) superstrate thin film solar cells.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOMECHANICAL RESPONSE TO RIFLE CARRIAGE IN ELITE BIATHLETES (2013)

INTRODUCTION: Biathlon is an Olympic winter sport where high-intensity cross-country skiing using the skating technique is interspersed with 2-4 shooting stages where the biathlete must shoot rapidly with good accuracy. In comparison to the large number of investigations into cross-country skiing, research on biathlon is sparse. One fundamental difference between biathlon and cross-country-skiing is the extra load of the rifle while skiing. Fredrick (1) estimated the additional cost of a rifle to be approximately 7% based on a model. Later, Rundell and Szmedra (2) reported a 4-8% higher oxygen cost using V2 alternate at submaximal speeds. The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of rifle carriage on physiological and biomechanical responses and gender differences in elite biathletes using V1 and V2 skating METHOD: Ten elite biathletes (5 men and 5 women) performed ski skating on a treadmill
Information retrieval system using location and transportation by GPS traces as search criteria (2011)

In our study, we have proposed and tested an information retrieval system that employs a user's location and mode of transportation obtained from GPS data as search criteria. In recent years, the daily usage of several different types and amounts of data has made it difficult to locate and retrieve archived files. When we want to access locate files or e-mail messages, we are required to remember the relevant filenames, the date of creation, or the extension of the file. However, it is troublesome to remember information. Therefore, we propose a method to use the location and transportation information (Where) for a retrieval system. Even if a user cannot remember the filename, date, extension of the file, etc., of the required file, he can use his location during file creation as a search parameter. Our system records the GPS user's position data and the history of his actions (editing /saving files) on the device. This recorded data is used by the system to show search results for the location of the user during file creation as a criteria. Our system uses the principle of the Five W's and One H and several other ideas to identify the user location from the GPS data. We conducted an experiment to confirm whether or not our tools were useful. Experimental results showed that our tools enabled the retrieval system to accurately identify various user locations and a user could locate the required target file efficiently and rapidly.