gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization of human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to identify biomarkers for quality assurance in stem cell therapy (2014)

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are promising candidates for regenerative medicine. Obviously, for practical and regulatory issues, knowledge of transdifferentiation (conversion of one lineage cells into another), new biomarkers characterizing MSC and their differentiated progeny could be crucial. However, after differentiation, whether stem cells increase or decrease their potency and stemness abilities, and whether transdifferentiation proceeds via a direct cell-to-cell conversion or needs dedifferentiation, is not adequately answered. Moreover, little is known about MSC and their adipogenic progeny in terms of lineage specific gene filtration, biomarker selection and matrix analysis. To investigate such issues, MSC were differentiated into adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineage cells, and then the vital cells were isolated from their differentiated matrix. Subsequently, in different approaches, the isolated cells were used for the experiments of transdifferentiation, identification of new gene and glycan based biomarkers, matrix analysis, and cellular migration. In this work, it is shown that transdifferentiation was successful via dedifferentiation as confirmed by single cell analysis. On molecular level, a fine tuned association of cell cycle arrest (DHCR24, G0S2, MAP2K6, SESN3, RB1) and progression (CCND1, CHEK, HGF, HMGA2, SMAD3, CCPG1, RGS2) genes with transdifferentiation was observed. However, the direct transdifferentiation (without dedifferentiation) of adipogenic lineage cells into osteogenic or chondrogenic resulted in mixed cultures of both lineage cells (adipogenic and new acquiring osteogenic/chondrogenic phenotypes), as confirmed by histology and significantly upregulated gene expression of PPARG, FABP4, SPP1, RUNX2, SOX9, and COL2A1. Beside transdifferentiation, the differentiated cells were screened for the identification of biomarkers. Not only a new method “reverse adipogenesis” for fat marker filtration was established, but also 4 new fat markers APCDD1, CHI3L1, RARRES1, and SEMA3G were identified. Apart from this, glycan based biomarkers were discovered (H6N5F1, H7N6F1, and S1H7N6F1 for MSC; highly expressed levels of biantennary fucosylated and sialylated structures for fat cells). Beside biomarker identification, differentiated cells were analyzed for their secreted matrix. Collagen type I, II and IV filaments were found in the adipogenic matrix. The genetic machinery behind the matrix was identified with a significantly regulated expression of COL4A1, GPC1, GPC4, ITGA7, ICAM3, SDC2, TIMP4, BGN, CLDN11, ITGA2, ITGB1, and LAMA3. Next, the directional cell migration was investigated, and similar migration rates for both, chondrogenically differentiated cells and MSC towards the stimulus of CCL25 chemokine were found. The presented data of transdifferentiation, gene and glycan based biomarkers for identification and tracking of cells, matrix analysis and directional cell migration could be vital for quality assurance in stem cell therapy.
Unusual extraction of plutonium(IV) from uranium(VI) and americium(III) using phosphonate based task specific ionic liquid (2010)

Abstract A task specific ionic liquid (TSIL), diethyl-2-(3-methylimidazolium)ethylphosphonate bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, ImPNTf 2 , was synthesized and characterized by 1 H, 13 C NMR, mass and IR spectroscopy. Extraction of Pu(IV), U(VI) and Am(III) from nitric acid medium by a solution of ImPNTf 2 in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (alkyl = butyl or octyl), was studied as a function of concentrations of nitric acid, ImPNTf 2 and temperature. The distribution ratio of Pu(IV) in ImPNTf 2 /bmimNTf 2 decreased with increase in the concentration of nitric acid reached a minimum around 4−5 M in nitric acid followed by increase. The stoichiometry of Pu(IV)-ImPNTf 2 was determined by the slope analysis of extraction data. In contrast to Pu(IV) extraction, the distribution ratios of Am(III) and U(VI) in ImPNTf 2 /amimNTf 2 and amimNTf 2 were significantly low at all nitric acid concentrations that led to unusually high separation factors for plutonium(IV) from other actinides. Viscosity of ionic liquid phase at various temperatures, and enthalpy change accompanied by the extraction of plutonium(IV) were determined and the results are reported in this paper.
Orexins (hypocretins): novel hypothalamic peptides with divergent functions (2000)

The hypothalamus is the most important region in the control of food intake and body weight. The ventromedial "satiety center" and lateral hypothalamic "feeding center" have been implicated in the regulation of feeding and energy homeostasis by various studies of brain lesions. The discovery of orexin peptides, whose neurons are localized in the lateral hypothalamus and adjacent areas, has given us new insight into the regulation of feeding. Dense fiber projections are found throughout the brain, especially in the raphe nucleus, locus coeruleus, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, arcuate nucleus, and central gray. Orexins mainly stimulate food intake, but by the virtue of wide immunoreactive projections throughout the brain and spinal cord, orexins interact with various neuronal pathways to potentate divergent functions. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the physiological, neuroanatomical, and molecular studies of the novel neuropeptide orexins (hypocretins).Key words: orexins (hypocretins), hypothalamus, lateral hypothalamus, feeding behavior, energy homeostasis, neurons.
Energy-Optimal Control of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Real-World Driving Cycles (2011)

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are currently recognized as a promising solution for reducing fuel consumption and emissions due to the ability of storing energy through direct connection to the electric grid. Such benefits can be achieved only with a supervisory energy management strategy that optimizes the energy utilization of the vehicle. This control problem is particularly challenging for PHEVs due to the possibility of depleting the battery during usage and the vehicle-to-grid interaction during recharge. This paper proposes a model-based control approach for PHEV energy management that is based on minimizing the overall CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions produced-directly and indirectly-from vehicle utilization. A supervisory energy manager is formulated as a global optimal control problem and then cast into a local problem by applying the Pontryagin's minimum principle. The proposed controller is implemented in an energy-based simulator of a prototype PHEV and validated on experimental data. A simulation study is conducted to calibrate the control parameters and to investigate the influence of vehicle usage conditions, environmental factors, and geographic scenarios on the PHEV performance using a large database of regulatory and “real-world” driving profiles.
Attic Vase Paintings - J. D. Beazley: Attic Vase Paintings in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Part ii. Pp. viii+103: 34 plates in portfolio, 12 supplementary plates with the text. London: Oxford University Press, 1954. £8. 8s. net. (1956)

Attic Vase Paintings - J. D. Beazley: Attic Vase Paintings in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Part ii. Pp. viii+103: 34 plates in portfolio, 12 supplementary plates with the text. London: Oxford University Press, 1954. £8. 8s. net. - Volume 6 Issue 2
Menstrual Cycle Dependent Variability for Serum Tumor Markers CEA, AFP, CA 19‐9, CA 125 and CA 15‐3 in Healthy Women (1999)

Information on menstrual cycle dependent variation of tumor markers in healthy women is a subject of diagnostic efficiency and has an impact in elucidating the normal function of these markers. In this study midfollicular and midluteal concentrations of serum CEA, AFP, CA 19-9, CA 125, CA 15-3 and their relations with LH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol and progesterone were evaluated during ovulatory cycles in a group of 23 healthy female individuals. Samples were collected on the 7th and 21st day of the same menstrual cycle. Tumor marker and hormone concentrations were determined with chemiluminescence or electrochemiluminescence EIA methods. A significant phase-dependent difference was observed for CA 15-3, midluteal concentrations (mean +/- SEM; 26.33 +/- 1.56 U/ml) higher than the midfollicular (mean +/- SEM; 19.27 +/- 1.49 U/ml) concentrations (p < 0.001). But an obvious difference for other tumor markers investigated did not exist. Significant correlations of follicular and luteal CA 125 levels with body mass index of the subjects were observed (r:0.52, p < 0.05 and r:0.57, p < 0.005, respectively). CA 15-3 antigen is a product of the MUC-1 gene which is expressed in abundance by endometrial epithelial cells in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle which may be the potential source of variability. The association of CA 125 levels with obesity suggests a possible role of adipose tissue in CA 125 metabolism. In conclusion our data suggest that in healthy women serum CA 15-3 levels are significantly elevated in the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle compared to midfollicular phase. Therefore, consideration of menstrual cycle dependent variability for CA 15-3 appears indicated in interpretation of individual results.
Thermal control in graphene nanoribbons: thermal valve, thermal switch and thermal amplifier (2012)

We study the thermal transport in graphene nanoribbons by using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. It is reported that the three-terminal graphene nanoribbons can perform some functions of thermal devices such as thermal valve, thermal switch and thermal amplifier. Electronic devices have transformed almost all aspects of our lives. It has not escaped our attention that the graphene nanoribbons we have presented here may have similar surprising applications in devices that allow the flow of heat to be controlled in a short future.
Chronic Inhibition of ERK1/2 Signaling Improves Disordered Bone and Mineral Metabolism in Hypophosphatemic (Hyp) Mice (2012)

The X-linked hypophosphatemic (Hyp) mouse carries a loss-of-function mutation in the phex gene and is characterized by hypophosphatemia due to renal phosphate (Pi) wasting, inappropriately suppressed 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)₂D] production, and rachitic bone disease. Increased serum fibroblast growth factor-23 concentration is responsible for the disordered metabolism of Pi and 1,25(OH)₂D. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic inhibition of fibroblast growth factor-23-induced activation of MAPK signaling in Hyp mice can reverse their metabolic derangements and rachitic bone disease. Hyp mice were administered the MAPK inhibitor, PD0325901 orally for 4 wk. PD0325901 induced a 15-fold and 2-fold increase in renal 1α-hydroxylase mRNA and protein abundance, respectively, and thereby higher serum 1,25(OH)₂D concentrations (115 ± 13 vs. 70 ± 16 pg/ml, P < 0.05), compared with values in vehicle-treated Hyp mice. With PD0325901, serum Pi levels were higher (5.1 ± 0.5 vs. 3 ± 0.2 mg/dl, P < 0.05), and the protein abundance of sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter Npt2a, was greater than in vehicle-treated mice. The rachitic bone disease in Hyp mice is characterized by abundant unmineralized osteoid bone volume, widened epiphyses, and disorganized growth plates. In PD0325901-treated Hyp mice, mineralization of cortical and trabecular bone increased significantly, accompanied by a decrease in unmineralized osteoid volume and thickness, as determined by histomorphometric analysis. The improvement in mineralization in PD0325901-treated Hyp mice was confirmed by microcomputed tomography analysis, which showed an increase in cortical bone volume and thickness. These findings provide evidence that in Hyp mice, chronic MAPK inhibition improves disordered Pi and 1,25(OH)₂D metabolism and bone mineralization.
Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer With Docetaxel and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor: A Multicenter Phase II Study (1999)

Although docetaxel has a marginal objective activity in pancreatic cancer, it seems to have an important effect on tumor growth control, conferring a clinical benefit.
Room temperature replication in spin on glass by nanoimprint technology (2001)

A compact nanoimprint lithography (NIL) system using the driving power of a stepping motor has been developed. Compared to a conventional NIL system with a hydraulic press, there are some additional features of the NIL system such as compactness and low cost. We propose the use of spin on glass (SOG) instead of PMMA to avoid thermal expansion and demonstrate SOG patterns with 200 nm linewidths at room temperature replications using the NIL system. The SOG patterns were transferred to gold metal using liftoff and to a silicon substrate by reactive ion etching.
Synthesis and Functionalization of 3,3′-Bis(spirodienone)-Bridged 2,2′-Bithiophene: A New Building Block for Redox-Active Molecular Switching Materials (2008)

Bithiophene derivatives bridged with a bis(spirodienone) unit were synthesized and characterized. Lithiation of the thiophene rings of an unsubstituted derivative proceeded without decomposition of the bis(spirodienone) skeleton. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions (Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira) with bromides afforded a variety of pi-extended derivatives. Bond breaking and formation under redox conditions were observed by cyclic voltammetry.
Comparison of arbutin contents from Bergenia purpurascens in Yunnan (2010)

Lamina is the best part for extracting arbutin. B. population distributed in Laojunshan mountain in Lanping county is the best resource for arbutin exploitation in B. purpurascens.
Genistein Improves Neuropathology and Corrects Behaviour in a Mouse Model of Neurodegenerative Metabolic Disease (2010)

Genistein may prove useful as a substrate reduction agent to delay clinical onset of MPSIIIB and, due to its multimodal action, may provide a treatment adjunct for several other neurodegenerative metabolic diseases.
A survey of error-correcting codes for channels with symbol synchronization errors (2010)

We present a comprehensive survey of error-correcting codes for channels corrupted by synchronization errors. We discuss potential applications as well as the obstacles that need to be overcome before such codes can be used in practical systems.
Review—Electrophoretic Deposition of Phosphors for Solid-State Lighting (2015)

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a facile method to produce phosphor particulate films for solid-state lighting applications. EPD has produced films in the conformal (deposited directly on the LED) or remote configurations (deposited on a substrate above the LED). Films of different blended phosphor compositions have been deposited to produce white emission, either by excitation with blue-emitting or near UV-emitting LEDs. Layered films of sequentially deposited phosphors have also been shown to produce white light. The key results from both experiments and theory are described and summarized, which show the utility of EPD as a phosphor particle coating method.
Low aquaporin-2 levels in polyuric DI +/+ severe mice with constitutively high cAMP-phosphodiesterase activity (1999)

In the renal collecting duct, vasopressin acutely activates cAMP production, resulting in trafficking of aquaporin-2 water channels (AQP2) to the apical plasma membrane, thereby increasing water permeability. This acute response is modulated by long-term changes in AQP2 expression. Recently, a cAMP-responsive element has been identified in the AQP2 gene, raising the possibility that changes in cAMP levels may control AQP2 expression. To investigate this possibility, we determined AQP2 protein levels in a strain of mice, DI +/+ severe (DI), which have genetically high levels of cAMP-phosphodiesterase activity, and hence low cellular cAMP levels, and severe polyuria. Semiquantitative immunoblotting of membrane fractions prepared from whole kidneys revealed that AQP2 levels in DI mice were only 26 +/- 7% (+/-SE) of those in control mice (n = 10, P < 0.01). In addition, semiquantitative Northern blotting revealed a significantly lower AQP2 mRNA expression in kidneys from DI mice compared with control mice (43 +/- 6% vs. 100 +/- 10%; n = 6 in each group, P < 0.05). AQP3 levels were also reduced. The mice were polyuric and urine osmolalities were accordingly substantially lower in the DI mice than in controls (496 +/- 53 vs. 1,696 +/- 105 mosmol/kgH2O, respectively). Moreover, there was a linear correlation between urine osmolalities and AQP2 levels (P < 0.05). Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed the markedly lower expression of AQP2 in collecting duct principal cells in kidneys of DI mice and, furthermore, demonstrated that AQP2 was almost completely absent from the apical plasma membrane. Thus expression of AQP2 and AQP2 trafficking were severely impaired in DI mice. These results are consistent with the view that in vivo regulation of AQP2 expression by vasopressin is mediated by cAMP.
Anomalies in the NMR of silicon:  Unexpected spin echoes in a dilute dipolar solid (2003)

NMR spin echo measurements of ${}^{29}\mathrm{Si}$ in silicon powders have uncovered a variety of surprising phenomena that appear to be independent of doping. These surprises include long tails and even-odd asymmetry in Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) echo trains, and anomalous stimulated echoes with several peculiar characteristics. Given the simplicity of this spin system, these results, which to date defy explanation, present an interesting puzzle in solid state NMR.
1-DODECANESULFINIC ACID (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1-DODECANESULFINIC ACIDC. S. MARVEL and RAYNER S. JOHNSONCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1948, 13, 6, 822–829Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01164a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01164a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views267Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Managing the broken capsule (2007)

Several techniques may prove beneficial in the intraoperative management of an anterior capsular tear, a dislocated nucleus, or vitreous loss.
Metformin Inhibits Proinflammatory Responses and Nuclear Factor-κB in Human Vascular Wall Cells (2005)

These data suggest that metformin can exert a direct vascular anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-kappaB through blockade of the PI3K-Akt pathway. The novel anti-inflammatory actions of metformin may explain in part the apparent clinical reduction by metformin of cardiovascular events not fully attributable to its hypoglycemic action.
Phage Display for the Generation of Antibodies for Proteome Research, Diagnostics and Therapy (2011)

Twenty years after its development, antibody phage display using filamentous bacteriophage represents the most successful in vitro antibody selection technology. Initially, its development was encouraged by the unique possibility of directly generating recombinant human antibodies for therapy. Today, antibody phage display has been developed as a robust technology offering great potential for automation. Generation of monospecific binders provides a valuable tool for proteome research, leading to highly enhanced throughput and reduced costs. This review presents the phage display technology, application areas of antibodies in research, diagnostics and therapy and the use of antibody phage display for these applications.
Zinc metallopeptidases: Active site structure and design of selective and mixed inhibitors: New approaches in the search for analgesics and anti-hypertensives (1993)

38. Smits, G. J., McGraw, D. E. and Trapani, A. J. (1990) Am. J. Physiol. 258, F1417-F1424 39. Fukuroda, T., Noguchi, K., Tsuchida, S., Nishikibe, M., Ikemoto, F., Okada, K. and Yano, M. (1990) ,Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 172,390-395 40. McMahon, E. G., Palomo, M.. Moore, W. M., McDonald, J. F. and Stem, M. K. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88,703-707 41. Gardiner, S. M., Kemp, P. A. and Bennett, T. (1992) Br. J. Pharmacol. 102, 180-186 42. Margulies, K. B., Perrella, M. A., McKinley, L. J. and Burnett, J. C. (1991) J. Clin. Invest. 88, 1638-1642
Long‐Range Electrical Contacting of Redox Enzymes by SWCNT Connectors (2004)

The reconstitution of glucose oxidase on a flavin-adenine-dinucleotide (FAD)-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) associated with an Au electrode yields an electrically contacted biocatalyst (see picture). The efficiency of the electrical contact is controlled by the length of the SWCNT.
<title>Reduction of noise and image artifacts in computed tomography by nonlinear filtration of projection images</title> (2001)

This study investigates the efficacy of filtering two-dimensional (2D) projection images of Computer Tomography (CT) by the nonlinear diffusion filtration in removing the statistical noise prior to reconstruction. The projection images of Shepp-Logan head phantom were degraded by Gaussian noise. The variance of the Gaussian distribution was adaptively changed depending on the intensity at a given pixel in the projection image. The corrupted projection images were then filtered using the nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filter. The filtered projections as well as original noisy projections were reconstructed using filtered backprojection (FBP) with Ram-Lak filter and/or Hanning window. The ensemble variance was computed for each pixel on a slice. The nonlinear filtering of projection images improved the SNR substantially, on the order of fourfold, in these synthetic images. The comparison of intensity profiles across a cross-sectional slice indicated that the filtering did not result in any significant loss of image resolution.