gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maleimidation of dextran and the application in designing a dextran–camptothecin conjugate (2018)

Camptothecin analogs, as commonly used chemotherapy drugs, usually have poor water solubility which has limited their use in the clinic. In order to improve the water-solubility of camptothecin, a new dextran derivative Dex-Mal was synthesized and used in designing a dextran-camptothecin conjugate which contained a CTB-sensitive linker. This conjugate could efficiently release the therapeutic drug SN-38 in the presence of cathepsin B and the antiproliferative activity of the conjugate was similar to the approved drug Irinotecan hydrochloride. Furthermore, in the presence of dextran, the conjugate could self-assemble into nanoparticles in water, which could improve the targeting ability through the EPR effect. This provides a potential way to formulate a drug delivery system for camptothecin analogs or other drugs which have poor water solubility.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 4‐THIOXO‐2‐AZETIDINONES (1980)

Abstract Das Thiazolin (I) reagiert mit NaH und Methyliodid zum Spaltprodukt (IIa).
Long-term Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition With High-Dose Enalapril Retards Nitrate Tolerance in Large Epicardial Arteries and Prevents Rebound Coronary Vasoconstriction In Vivo (1996)

Long-term ACE inhibition with high-dose enalapril reduces nitroglycerin tolerance and prevents rebound vasoconstriction in coronary arteries. These phenomena were not associated with an activated circulating renin-angiotensin system. This observation suggests that during long-term nitroglycerin treatment, intrinsic abnormalities of the vascular smooth muscle may have developed that are suppressed by concomitant ACE inhibitor therapy. The present study also favors a combination of nitroglycerin and ACE inhibitors to maintain nitrate sensitivity of the vasculature during long-term nitroglycerin treatment.
Factory Crane Scheduling by Dynamic Programming (2011)

We describe a specialized dynamic programming algorithm for factory crane scheduling. An innovative data structure controls the memory requirements of the state space and enables solution of problems of realistic size. The algorithm finds optimal spacetime trajectories for two factory cranes or hoists that move along a single overhead track. Each crane is assigned a sequence of pickups and deliveries at specified locations that must be performed within given time windows. The cranes must not interfere with each other, although one may yield to the other. The state space representation permits a wide variety of constraints and objective functions. It is stored in a compressed data structure that uses a cartesian product of intervals of states and an array of two-dimensional circular queues. We also show that only certain types of trajectories need be considered. The algorithm found optimal solutions in less than a minute for medium-sized instances of the problem (160 tasks, spanning four hours). It can also be used to create benchmarks for tuning heuristic algorithms that solve larger instances.
ChemInform Abstract: The Birch Reduction of Aromatic Compounds (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hydrothermal treatment of fused silica capillary columns (1985)

Abstract The activity of fused silica capillary tubing has been shown to vary considerably, which severely influences the reproducibility of column deactivation and inertness. Methods for producing a reproducible, high activity surface with maximum hydroxylation by various hydrothermal treatments were evaluated. Columns pretreated with 20% nitric acid at 200°C for 10 hours, deactivated with D 4 , coated with OV‐73, and crosslinked with azo‐ tert ‐butane were found to possess excellent inertness for sensitive analytes such as alcohols, amines, and alkaloid drugs.
Regulation of Histone Gene Expression in Budding Yeast (2012)

Abstract We discuss the regulation of the histone genes of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These include genes encoding the major core histones (H3, H4, H2A, and H2B), histone H1 (HHO1), H2AZ (HTZ1), and centromeric H3 (CSE4). Histone production is regulated during the cell cycle because the cell must replicate both its DNA during S phase and its chromatin. Consequently, the histone genes are activated in late G1 to provide sufficient core histones to assemble the replicated genome into chromatin. The major core histone genes are subject to both positive and negative regulation. The primary control system is positive, mediated by the histone gene-specific transcription activator, Spt10, through the histone upstream activating sequences (UAS) elements, with help from the major G1/S-phase activators, SBF (Swi4 cell cycle box binding factor) and perhaps MBF (MluI cell cycle box binding factor). Spt10 binds specifically to the histone UAS elements and contains a putative histone acetyltransferase domain. The negative system involves negative regulatory elements in the histone promoters, the RSC chromatin-remodeling complex, various histone chaperones [the histone regulatory (HIR) complex, Asf1, and Rtt106], and putative sequence-specific factors. The SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex links the positive and negative systems. We propose that the negative system is a damping system that modulates the amount of transcription activated by Spt10 and SBF. We hypothesize that the negative system mediates negative feedback on the histone genes by histone proteins through the level of saturation of histone chaperones with histone. Thus, the negative system could communicate the degree of nucleosome assembly during DNA replication and the need to shut down the activating system under replication-stress conditions. We also discuss post-transcriptional regulation and dosage compensation of the histone genes.
A Wideband MIMO Channel Model Derived From the Geometric Elliptical Scattering Model (2006)

In this paper, we present a reference model for a wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel based on the geometric elliptical scattering model. The model takes into account the exact relationship between the angle of departure (AOD) and the angle of arrival (AOA). Based on this relationship, the statistical properties of the reference model are studied. Analytical solutions are presented for the three- dimensional (3D) space-time cross-correlation function (CCF), the temporal autocorrelation function (ACF), the 2D space CCF, and finally the frequency correlation function (FCF). The correlation properties are studied and visualized under the assumption of isotropic as well as non-isotropic scattering conditions. The proposed reference model can be used as a starting point for the derivation of a frequency-selective space-time MIMO channel simulator enabling the performance evaluation of multi-antenna wideband communication systems. The reference model is also quite useful for studying the MIMO channel capacity under various propagation conditions imposed by the geometry of the underlying scattering model.
An outline of rhenium chemistry (1961)

A. A. Woolf, Q. Rev. Chem. Soc., 1961, 15, 372 DOI: 10.1039/QR9611500372
Fabrication and characterization of nuclear localization signal-conjugated glycol chitosan micelles for improving the nuclear delivery of doxorubicin (2012)

The results of this study suggest that novel NCHGC micelles could be a potential carrier for nucleus-targeting delivery.
Site-Directed Incorporation of<i>p</i>-Nitrophenylalanine into Streptavidin and Site-to-Site Photoinduced Electron Transfer from a Pyrenyl Group to a Nitrophenyl Group on the Protein Framework (1998)

Site-directed mutagenesis of streptavidin was carried out using a frame-shift suppressor tRNA that is aminoacylated with l-p-nitrophenylalanine and has a CCCG 4-base anticodon. Streptavidins carrying a single p-nitrophenylalanine at 22 different sites were prepared from mRNAs that contain a single CGGG 4-base codon at the mutation site. Of the 22 mutants, 14 mutants were found to bind N-biotinyl-l-1-pyrenylalanine. Site-to-site photoinduced electron transfer from the excited pyrenyl group to the nitrophenyl group was observed with steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy as well as by fluorescence decay measurement. The rate constants of the electron transfer decreased with the edge-to-edge distances that were predicted from the X-ray crystallographic structure of streptavidin. The distance dependence was analyzed on the basis of the tunneling pathway model. It was found that the rate constants are compatible with those in other proteins carrying metal complexes, except for the cases where electron transfer occurs through long space.
Robust grid synchronisation in three-phase distributed power generation systems by synchronous reference frame pre-filtering (2009)

In this paper a synchronous reference frame three-phase phase-locked-loop (PLL) is considered, suitable for distributed power generation systems, e.g. photovoltaic or wind power converters. Digital pre-filtering of measured voltages within synchronous frame and based on a bank of multiple notch filters is proposed in order to enhance immunity to non-ideal condition of the grid and raise the dynamic performance of the loop with respect to classical filtering solution in the three-phase reference frame. Detailed analytical derivation of the different harmonic components generated by grid non-ideal components is fully analysed in order to define specifications on the notch filters. More general results are obtained as compared to literature. Extensive simulation results is presented accounting for actual digital implementation and considering limitations on voltage harmonics and unbalance imposed by standard regulations, demonstrating better overall performance as compared to state-of-art proposals.
A multi-bit sigma-delta modulator with interstate feedback (2002)

A multi-bit sigma-delta modulator with interstage feedback is described. The structure employs a single-bit quantizer in the main sigma-delta modulator and a multi-bit quantizer in the feed-forward path with its error fed back to the main modulator. It combines the advantages of sigma-delta modulator and pipeline A/D converters. This system topology offers an additional noise shaping factor to the error of the multi-bit quantizer.
Population (1928)

The data on the movement of our population during 1927 are of great interest in several respects. New low birth-rates have been achieved, the rate for the registration area being 20.4. This is kept from resulting in the lowest natural increase we have ever had by the very low death-rate of 11.4 (the lowest in our history). The infant mortality rate has also fallen to a new low level at 64.3. One of the most interesting facts, however, is that the total number of births in 1927 is about 63,000 less than the total for 1920, although the population is over 12,000,000 greater. Our birth-rate is certainly on the toboggan. Our new immigration restriction has shut out astern and southern Europeans, but it has not insured immigration of Germanic stock, as Mexicans and Celts are now over 40 per cent of the total. We face new problems in the United States in having a natural increase around 9 or 10 per 1,000. These need our careful study.
Synthesis of two isomers of (diphenylphosphino)indene and their platinum(II) complexes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of two isomers of (diphenylphosphino)indene and their platinum(II) complexesKathleen A. Fallis, Gordon K. Anderson, and Nigam P. RathCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 2, 885–888Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00038a057https://doi.org/10.1021/om00038a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views304Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cross-selling models for telecommunication services (2008)

Cross-selling is a strategy of selling new products to a customer who has made other purchases earlier. Except for the obvious profit from extra products sold, it also increases the dependence of the customer on the vendor and therefore reduces churn. This is especially important in the area of telecommunications, characterized by high volatility and low customer loyalty. The paper presents two cross-selling approaches: one based on classifiers and another one based on Bayesian networks constructed based on interesting asso- ciation rules. Effectiveness of the methods is validated on synthetic test data.
SWATT: software-based attestation for embedded devices (2004)

We expect a future where we are surrounded by embedded devices, ranging from Java-enabled cell phones to sensor networks and smart appliances. An adversary can compromise our privacy and safety by maliciously modifying the memory contents of these embedded devices. In this paper, we propose a softWare-based attestation technique (SWATT) to verify the memory contents of embedded devices and establish the absence of malicious changes to the memory contents. SWATT does not need physical access to the device's memory, yet provides memory content attestation similar to TCG or NGSCB without requiring secure hardware. SWATT can detect any change in memory contents with high probability, thus detecting viruses, unexpected configuration settings, and Trojan Horses. To circumvent SWATT, we expect that an attacker needs to change the hardware to hide memory content changes. We present an implementation of SWATT in off-the-shelf sensor network devices, which enables us to verify the contents of the program memory even while the sensor node is running.
Comprehensive definition of human immunodominant CD8 antigens in tuberculosis (2017)

Despite widespread use of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, tuberculosis, caused by infection with <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells are critical to tuberculosis host defense and a phase 2b vaccine trial of modified vaccinia Ankara expressing Ag85a that failed to demonstrate efficacy, also failed to induce a CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell response, an effective tuberculosis vaccine may need to induce CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. However, little is known about CD8, as compared to CD4, antigens in tuberculosis. Herein, we report the results of the first ever HLA allele independent genome-wide CD8 antigen discovery program. Using CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells derived from humans with latent tuberculosis infection or tuberculosis and an interferon-γ ELISPOT assay, we screened a synthetic peptide library representing 10% of the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> proteome, selected to be enriched for <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> antigens. We defined a set of immunodominant CD8 antigens including part or all of 74 <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> proteins, only 16 of which are previously known CD8 antigens. Immunogenicity was associated with the degree of expression of mRNA and protein. Immunodominant antigens were enriched in cell wall proteins with preferential recognition of Esx protein family members, and within proteins comprising the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> secretome. A validation study of immunodominant antigens demonstrated that these antigens were strongly recognized in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>-infected individuals from a tuberculosis endemic region in Africa. The tuberculosis vaccine field will likely benefit from this greatly increased known repertoire of CD8 immunodominant antigens and definition of properties of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> proteins important for CD8 antigenicity.
Highly accurate analysis of heterozygous loci bysingle cell PCR (1998)

Single cell PCR is a powerful method for determining the genetic properties of individual cells. In the instance of heterozygous loci, however, preferential amplification of one allele can lead to allele drop out (ADO) of the other allele. Fortunately ADO does not occur in all amplifications, and is usually random when it does occur, with both alleles being equally susceptible to drop out. Therefore pooling of results from multiple independently amplified cells should greatly improve the analysis of diallelic loci, and the misdiagnosis rate of diallelic loci should decrease exponentially with the number of cells analysed. We have shown that this is true and that multiplex PCR allows for the simultaneous identification of a cell in a mixture of cells using microsatellite loci known to be informative, and accurate genotyping at other loci. This approach has practical applications to non-invasive prenatal diagnosis where small numbers of fetal cells in the presence of maternal cells must be both identified and genotyped at loci involved in genetic disease.
Animal models with potential applications for screening compounds for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (1997)

The availability of an animal model for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is necessary for the development of novel pharmacological treatments. To be useful, the model must be predictive of clinical performance, possess characteristic criteria and distinguish anti-OCD from antidepressant compounds. Due to the lack of OCD models useful for drug discovery, all compounds currently used for OCD were developed first as antidepressants. In this article, we discuss the relative merits of: stereotypic behaviours (canine acral lick, feather picking, amphetamine- and 5-HT-induced stereotypy); adjunctive and displacement behaviours (schedule-induced polydipsia, wheel running, resident-intruder grooming); anxiolytic tests (separation and shock-induced ultrasonic vocalisation and marble burying); and depression tests (inescapable shock-induced escape and immobility in forced swim) as potential OCD models. We conclude that adjunctive and displacement behaviours, and in particular schedule-induced polydipsia, may prove to be the best models for compulsive behaviour in animals that can be used for the discovery of novel anti-OCD agents.
Accurate semantic class classifier for coreference resolution (2009)

There have been considerable attempts to incorporate semantic knowledge into coreference resolution systems: different knowledge sources such as WordNet and Wikipedia have been used to boost the performance. In this paper, we propose new ways to extract WordNet feature. This feature, along with other features such as named entity feature, can be used to build an accurate semantic class (SC) classifier. In addition, we analyze the SC classification errors and propose to use relaxed SC agreement features. The proposed accurate SC classifier and the relaxation of SC agreement features on ACE2 coreference evaluation can boost our baseline system by 10.4% and 9.7% using MUC score and anaphor accuracy respectively.
An optimisation-based design method for analogue feedback controllers for active noise control (2002)

Feedback control is used in active noise control (ANC) systems in which a suitable reference signal is not available or cannot be economically obtained [1], [2], [3]. For feedback control, optimal design techniques such as LQG (linear quadratic Gaussian) and H2/H∞ have been developed. LQG control has been very successful in solving problems, in which simple statespace models can accurately represent the dynamics of the system under control. In many practical applications, accurate plant models are not available, however. In H2/H∞ optimal feedback control, the mean-square value of the error signal, an H2 norm, is minimised while robust stability, an H∞ constraint, is maintained. Using H2/H∞ control, stability of a closed-loop system is guaranteed under changing operation conditions. [2] Both LQG and H2/H∞ control require a priori information such as a plant model or knowledge about the plant uncertainty. Therefore, design of a feedback controller based on these methods is typically a complex task. In [4], a method for designing a control filter using a constrained optimisation algorithm is presented. The control filter is expressed in a general polynomial form and the algorithm is not limited to any category of filters. The resulting control filter is essentially a phase-lag compensator [5].
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Low-, Intermediate-, and High-Dose Landiolol and Esmolol During Long-Term Infusion in Healthy Whites (2017)

Abstract: The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and tolerability of long-term administration of esmolol and landiolol, a new fast-acting cardioselective β-blocker, were compared for the first time in Caucasian subjects in a prospective clinical trial. Twelve healthy volunteers received landiolol and esmolol by continuous infusion for 24 hours in a randomized crossover study using a dose-escalation regimen. Blood concentrations of drugs and metabolites, heart rate, blood pressure, ECG parameters, and tolerability were observed for 30 hours and compared. Drug blood concentrations and areas under the curve were dose-proportional. The half life of landiolol (4.5 minutes) was significantly shorter than that of esmolol (6.9 minutes). Volume of distribution and total clearance were lower for landiolol. Heart rate reduction was faster and more pronounced with landiolol and retained throughout the administration period; effects on blood pressure were not different. Landiolol turned out to be superior to esmolol with respect to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile and local tolerability.
Collapse of optical pulses (1990)

Under the combined effect of diffraction, anomalous dispersion, and nonlinear refraction, an optical pulse can collapse simultaneously in time and space. Such a collapse could yield short pulses with extremely large optical fields. Light bullets-pulses that propagate without change in space or time-are also possible. The condition for such a collapse and possible experiments are discussed.
Small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequence of the oyster parasite Perkinsus marinus. (1993)

The small subunit rRNA gene of the oyster pathogen Perkinsus marinus was characterized from cells of infected oyster hemolymph by polymerase chain reaction and molecular cloning. The gene, 1,793 nucleotides in size, has 77.2% sequence similarity to that of its host, the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. The sequence was confirmed using recently available in vitro cultures of P. marinus. DNA from pure P. marinus culture was amplified with specific primers synthesized according to the sequence from infected oyster hemolymph, and predicted size fragments were obtained. Furthermore, restriction digests yielded fragments of expected size in amplified rDNA from in vitro cultures. The P. marinus sequence has 97.5% similarity to the Perkinsus sp. sequence from the Australian mollusc Anadara trapezia.