gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high efficiency micromachined artificial lung (2009)

This paper presents the design, fabrication and first results for a microfabricated artificial lung with feature sizes that are comparable to that of the natural lung. The device is targeted at an increased gas transfer efficiency and portability compared to its current commercial alternatives and boasts the thinnest silicone gas transfer membrane and the lowest membrane diffusional resistance for a silicone-based device to date. Devices with 15 mum-thick membranes and 30 mum-tall channels achieved membrane and blood-side diffusional resistances of 27 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and 118 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ml <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> middotsmiddotcm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> middotcmHg, respectively, for oxygen.
Analysis of Quasi-Cyclic LDPC codes under ML decoding over the erasure channel (2010)

In this paper, we show that over the binary erasure channel, Quasi-Cyclic LDPC codes can efficiently accommodate the hybrid iterative/ML decoding. We demonstrate that the quasi-cyclic structure of the parity-check matrix can be advantageously used in order to significantly reduce the complexity of the ML decoding. This is achieved by a simple row/column permutation that transforms a QC matrix into a pseudo-band form. Based on this approach, we propose a class of QC-LDPC codes with almost ideal error correction performance under the ML decoding, while the required number of row/symbol operations scales as k√k, where k is the number of source symbols.
Coffee and Sweetened Beverage Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (2006)

The authors analyzed data from a prospective, community-based cohort to assess the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with coffee and sweetened beverage consumption. They included 12,204 nondiabetic, middle-aged men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (1987-1999). Consumption of each beverage was assessed by food frequency questionnaire and classified into categories of cups per day. They found an inverse association, after adjusting for potential confounders, between increased coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men (for > or =4 cups (> or =0.95 liter)/day compared with almost never: hazard ratio = 0.77, p(trend) = 0.02) with no significant association in women (hazard ratio = 0.89, p(trend) = 0.32) using a combination of self-report of physician-diagnosed diabetes, diabetes treatment, and a fasting or nonfasting blood glucose test. When self-reported diabetes or diabetes treatment alone was used, a stronger and significant inverse association was seen in men and women. Sweetened beverage consumption (men: hazard ratio = 1.03, p(trend) = 0.94; women: hazard ratio = 1.01, p(trend) = 0.58) showed no consistent association with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In summary, increased coffee consumption was significantly associated with a decreased risk of diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in community-based US adults.
Depletion of donor Ia+ cells before transplantation does not prolong islet allograft survival. (1986)

Culture of pancreatic islets reduces their immunogenicity and results in prolonged graft survival after allotransplantation. The mechanism by which immunogenicity is reduced by culture is not known, but it has been suggested that prolonged graft survival is the result of the depletion of Ia+ cells from the graft. We studied the effect of eliminating Ia+ cells from islets before allotransplantation. Freshly isolated islets were incubated with anti-Ia serum plus complement or with monoclonal antibody to IAk plus complement or were left untreated before transplantation beneath the renal capsule of diabetic recipients. Incubation with anti-Ia serum plus complement eliminated intra-islet IA+ cells as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence staining. Incubation with monoclonal antibody to IAk plus complement significantly reduced but did not eliminate IA+ cells. Neither pretreatment regimen influenced survival of islet allografts placed beneath the renal capsule. However, untreated islets injected into the portal circulation were rejected in a low percentage of cases. We conclude that decreased immunogenicity observed after culture is not due solely to the depletion of Ia+ cells and that the site of engraftment has an important impact on graft survival.
Minimising intrusiveness in pervasive computing environments using multi-agent negotiation (2004)

This paper highlights intrusiveness as a key issue in the field of pervasive computing environments and presents a multiagent approach to tackling it. Specifically, we discuss how interruptions can impact on individual and group tasks and how they can be managed by taking into account user and group preferences through negotiation between software agents. The system we develop is implemented on the Jabber platform and is deployed in the context of a meeting room scenario.
Manipulation hardware for microgravity research (1990)

The establishment of permanent low earth orbit occupation on the Space Station Freedom will present new opportunities for the introduction of productive flexible automation systems into the microgravity environment of space. The need for robust and reliable robotic systems to support experimental activities normally intended by astronauts will assume great importance. Many experimental modules on the space station are expected to require robotic systems for ongoing experimental operations. When implementing these systems, care must be taken not to introduce deleterious effects on the experiments or on the space station itself. It is important to minimize the acceleration effects on the experimental items being handled while also minimizing manipulator base reaction effects on adjacent experiments and on the space station structure. NASA Lewis Research Center has been performing research on these manipulator applications, focusing on improving the basic manipulator hardware, as well as developing improved manipulator control algorithms. By utilizing the modular manipulator concepts developed during the Laboratory Telerobotic Manipulator program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory has developed an experimental testbed system called the Microgravity Manipulator, incorporating two pitch-yaw modular positioners to provide a 4 dof experimental manipulator arm. A key feature in the design for microgravity manipulation research was the use of traction drives for torque transmission in the modular pitch-yaw differentials.
The stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors by macusine B (1966)

Journal Article The stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors by macusine B Get access B E Leonard B E Leonard Pharmacy Department, The University, Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 18, Issue 10, October 1966, Page 691, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1966.tb07787.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 14 July 1966 Published: 12 April 2011
System identification for chaotic integrate-and-fire dynamics (1997)

We discuss applications of the fact that dynamical state information can be reconstructed from a series of interspike interval (ISI) measurements. This system analysis allows system identification and prediction from spike train history. Secondly, using this reconstruction, unstable periodic trajectories of the underlying system can be controlled by small changes in a system parameter. The underlying assumption is an integrate-and-fire model coupling the dynamical system to the observable spike train. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
PRACTICAL β-STEREOSELECTIVE <i>O</i>-GLYCOSYLATION OF PHENOLS WITH PENTA-<i>O</i>-ACETYL-β-<scp>D</scp>-GLUCOPYRANOSE (2001)

O-Glycosylation of phenol derivatives is an important synthetic method for natural products containing carbohydrate molecules.[1] Although various O-glycosylation methods have been studied in order...
IL-10 down-regulates human microglial IL-8 by inhibition of NF-κB activation (1998)

In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that interleukin (IL)-10 down-regulates human microglial cell IL-8 release by inhibiting activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that IL-10 markedly suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and IL-1beta-stimulated IL-8 expression. NF-kappaB involvement was suggested by the finding that pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, a known inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation, blocked LPS- and IL-1beta-induced IL-8 production. Consistent with our hypothesis, IL-10 treatment of LPS- and IL-1beta-stimulated microglia was associated with a marked decrease in NF-kappaB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
Reducing human exposure to aflatoxin through the use of clay: A review (2008)

Innovative sorption strategies for the detoxification of aflatoxins have been developed. NovaSil clay (NS) has been shown to prevent aflatoxicosis in a variety of animals when included in their diet. Results have shown that NS clay binds aflatoxins with high affinity and high capacity in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in a notable reduction in the bioavailability of these toxins without interfering with the utilization of vitamins and other micronutrients. This strategy is being evaluated as a potential remedy for acute aflatoxicosis, and as a sustainable human intervention for aflatoxins via the diet. Phase I and II clinical trials confirmed the apparent safety of NS for further study in humans. A recent study in Ghanaians at high risk for aflatoxicosis has indicated that NS (at a dose level of 0.25%) is effective in decreasing biomarkers of aflatoxin exposure and does not interfere with the levels of serum vitamins A and E, and iron and zinc. In summary, enterosorption strategies/therapies based on NS clay are promising for the management of aflatoxins and as a sustainable public health intervention. The NS clay remedy is novel, inexpensive and easily disseminated. Based on the present research, aflatoxin sequestering clays should be rigorously evaluated in vitro and in vivo, and should meet the following criteria: (1) favourable thermodynamic characteristics of mycotoxin sorption, (2) tolerable levels of priority metals, dioxins/furans and other hazardous contaminants, (3) safety and efficacy in multiple animal species, (4) safety and efficacy in long-term studies, and (5) negligible interactions with vitamins, iron and zinc and other micronutrients.
Swimming capsule endoscope using static and RF magnetic field of MRI for propulsion (2008)

Capsule endoscopy is a promising technique for diagnosing diseases in the small intestines. Here we propose a miniature swimming mechanism that uses MRI’s magnetic fields for both propulsion and wireless energy delivery. Our method uses both the static and radio frequency (RF) magnetic field inherently available in MRI to generate propulsion force. The propulsion force is produced by a swimming tail containing waving beam consisting of three coils in a row. Alternating current in the coils acting on the static magnetic field of the MRI will generate waving movement to produce a propulsion force. RF magnetic field will provide power to generate the alternating currents in the coils. We developed a theoretical model to predict sinusoidal waves produced by the waving beam using the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation and multiple-input multiple-output system were solved using antenna design theory. This numerical model predicted that the maximal propulsion from a 10 mm long tail can produce a velocity of 7.9 mm/s force of 5.5 mN when placed in a 3T static magnetic field. A validation study with a single coil demonstrated that the theoretical and numerical model predicts well the proposed swimming mechanism and it is useful for the fabrication of swimming tails.
A study of throughput for Iu-CS and Iu-PS interface in UMTS core network (2009)

Current literature provides many practical tools or theoretical methods to plan and dimension GSM or UMTS radio networks but overlooks the algorithms of network plan and dimensioning for core networks. This paper introduces an algorithm for traffic and throughput dimensioning for UMTS core network. A case study is provided to verify the algorithms created for UMTS core network. This paper is aimed at helping wireless carriers plan and dimensioning their 3G core networks.
CYSTM, a novel cysteine-rich transmembrane module with a role in stress tolerance across eukaryotes (2009)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Synthesis of thermostable polyamideimides and their properties (1996)

Thermostable polyamideimides with inherent viscosity of 1.02–1.50 dL/g were synthesized from reacting of diamine-terminated aromatic amide prepolymer with various diisocyanate terminated imide prepolymers. The imide prepolymer was prepared by using 4,4′-diphen-ylmethane diisocyanate to react with 3,3′,4,4′ benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3′,4,4′ sulfonyl diphthalic anhydride, or 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride using the direct one-pot method to improve their solubility. Almost all of the polyamideimides were generally soluble in a wide range of organic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimeth-ylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and pyridine at room temperature. Polymers with high imide content required high temperatures to dissolve. All polyamide-imides had a glass transition temperature of 223–352°C and showed a 10% weight loss temperature of 415–575°C in air and 424–583°C in nitrogen atmosphere. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and initial modulus of polymer films ranged from 61 to 108 MPa, 5 to 10% and 1.54 to 2.50 GPa, respectively. These copolymers were partly crystalline in structure as shown by X-ray pattern. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Comparing Learning Style to Performance in On-Line Teaching: Impact of Proctored v. Un-Proctored Testing (2005)

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact that proctored versus un-proctored testing would have on learning for an on-line content module; and examine the relationship between LASSI variables and learning. A randomized, pre-test/post-test control group design was employed. College students in a pharmacy curriculum, were randomized to two groups utilizing asynchronous, on-line content with a medical terminology module. Group A utilized proctored, on-line testing, while Group B utilized un-proctored on-line testing. Both were given a pre-test and post-test on medical terminology at the beginning and end of a sixteen week semester. The Learning and Study Strategies Inventory was administered to all students. On-line module delivery paired with proctored testing was more effective in promoting learning when compared to online module delivery paired with un-proctored testing. The constructs: anxiety, selftesting, attitude/interest and motivation were significant in predicting learning for proctored students. No significant model emerged for un-proctored students. Internet based course instruction has been advocated as accentuating the as worker and the teacher as coach paradigm, shifting the role of instructor to Socratic questioner, resource provider and student motivator (Wegner, Holloway, & Garton, 1999). Course management systems offer the instructor a new mechanism to present content to students, as well as, provide multimedia access, student-student and studentinstructor communication (email, discussion, chat) and on-line assessment through quiz features. On-line quizzing offers the course instructor a means to provide students with ongoing, real-time assessment of learning. Virtual, instant grading offers a unique opportunity to truly incorporate testing into the learning process giving students the opportunity to assess their understanding asynchronously. On-line quizzing allows the instructor to integrate self-assessment with content delivery in a fashion that gives students the opportunity to measure their understanding while they are processing content. Incorporating feedback into these quiz questions can provide a valuable and interactive way for students to correct misinterpretations of material. More daunting is the idea of utilizing on-line quizzes features, not only for student self-assessment, but also for course examination and grading. On-line instruction is often paired with some mechanism to synchronously test students in a proctored setting. The concern is that un-proctored, on-line, asynchronous testing would be compromised by students collaborating without consent of the instructor (McCabe, Trevino, & Butterfield, 2001; Diekhoff et al., 1996; Ferrell & Fergusson, 1993; Green & Saxe, 1992). The absence of supervision has been cited as a factor in influencing cheating behavior
Risk of miscarriage following amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling: systematic review of literature and updated meta‐analysis (2019)

The procedure-related risks of miscarriage following amniocentesis and CVS are lower than currently quoted to women. The risk appears to be negligible when these interventions were compared to control groups of the same risk profile. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Comparison of Microstructures and Properties for a Ni-Base Superalloy (Alloy 625) Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting (2012)

Nickel-based superalloys processed by additive manufacturing have demonstrated directional solidification, which has been shown to equal or improve mechanical properties compared to cast and wrought alloys. Inconel 625 cylinders have been manufactured by electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser melting (SLM) and compared. EBM cylinders were built in the Z-axis direction (parallel to the build direction), and SLM cylinders were built in XY-axis (perpendicular to build direction) and Z-axis directions. The microstructures of as-fabricated as well as fabricated and HIPed cylinders were characterized by light optical metallography (LOM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive (X-ray) spectroscopy (EDS). EBM fabricated components contained columnar plates of ?¢¢ (Ni3Nb) precipitates while SLM components contained columnar arrays of fine ?¢¢ nanoparticles. The EBM fabricated and HIPed samples and SLM fabricated and HIPed samples exhibited equiaxed grains, but both components contained complex arrays of dissimilar precipitates.
Methane production by domestic animals, wild ruminants, other herbivorous fauna, and humans (1986)

A detailed assessment of global methane production through enteric fermentation by domestic animals and humans is presented. Measured relations between feed intake and methane yields for animal species are combined with population statistics to deduce a current yearly input of methane to the atmosphere of 74 Tg (1 Tg = 1012 g). with an uncertainty of about 15%. Of this, cattle contribute about 74%. Buffalos and sheep each account for 8-9%, and the remainder stems from camels, mules and asses, pigs, and horses. Human CH4 production is probably less than 1 Tg per year. The mean annual increase in CH4 emission from domestic animals and humans over the past 20 years has been 0.6 Tg, or 0.75% per year. Population figures on wild ruminants are so uncertain that calculated CH, emissions from this source may range between 2 Tg and 6 Tg per year. Current CH4 emission by domestic and wild animals is estimated to be about 78 Tg, representing 15-25% of the total CH4 released to the atmosphere from all sources. The likely CH4 production from domestic animals in 1890 was about 17 Tg, so that this source has increased by a factor of 4.4.A brief tentative discussion is also given on the potential CH4 production by other herbivorous fauna, especially insects. Their total CH4 production probably does not exceed 30 Tg annually.
Improving Preemptive Prioritization via Statistical Characterization of OLTP Locking (2005)

OLTP and transactional workloads are increasingly common in computer systems, ranging from e-commerce to warehousing to inventory management. It is valuable to provide priority scheduling in these systems, to reduce the response time for the most important clients, e.g. the "big spenders". Two-phase locking, commonly used in DBMS, makes prioritization difficult, as transactions wait for locks held by others regardless of priority. Common lock scheduling solutions, including non-preemptive priority inheritance and preemptive abort, have performance drawbacks for TPC-C type workloads. The contributions of this paper are two-fold: (i) We provide a detailed statistical analysis of locking in TPC-C workloads with priorities under several common preemptive and non-preemptive lock prioritization policies. We determine why non-preemptive policies fail to sufficiently help high-priority transactions, and why preemptive policies excessively hurt low-priority transactions, (ii) We propose and implement a policy, POW, that provides all the benefits of preemptive prioritization without its penalties.
Reliability of Outcome Measures for People With Lower-Limb Amputations: Distinguishing True Change From Statistical Error (2011)

Minimal detectable change scores can be used to determine whether change in test scores exceeds measurement error associated with day-to-day variation. This is the first study to present test-retest reliability data on the self-reported OPUS scales, the PSFS in people with lower-limb amputations, and a new, easier-to-use scoring mechanism for the PEQ.
Real-Time Monocular Visual Odometry for On-Road Vehicles with 1-Point RANSAC (2011)

The first biggest problem in visual motion estimation is data association; matched points contain many outliers that must be detected and removed for the motion to be accurately estimated. In the last few years, a very established method for removing outliers has been the "5-point RANSAC" algorithm which needs a minimum of 5 point correspondences to estimate the model hypotheses. Because of this, however, it can require up to thousand iterations to find a set of points free of outliers. In this talk, I will show that by exploiting the non-holonomic constraints of wheeled vehicles (e.g. cars, bikes, mobile robots) it is possible to use a restrictive motion model which allows us to parameterize the motion with only 1 point correspondence. Using a single feature correspondence for motion estimation is the lowest model parameterization possible and results in the most efficient algorithm for removing outliers: 1-point RANSAC. The second problem in monocular visual odometry is the estimation of the absolute scale. I will show that vehicle non-holonomic constraints make it also possible to estimate the absolute scale completely automatically whenever the vehicle turns. In this talk, I will give a mathematical derivation and provide experimental results on both simulated and real data over a large image dataset collected during a 25 Km path.