gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Orally Administered <i>Actinidia arguta</i> (Hardy Kiwi) Fruit Extract on 2-Chloro-1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice (2009)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by highly pruritic, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin lesions. Furthermore, therapeutic choices are limited, especially in long-standing cases, despite its increasing prevalence. This study was performed to examine the clinical efficacy and the therapeutic mechanism underlying the effects of Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi) fruit extract in an animal model of AD. To examine the effects of A. arguta extract on AD, 2-chloro-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene-treated NC/Nga mice were orally administered A. arguta extract (100 mg/kg/day), tacrolimus (1 mg/kg/day), or dexamethasone (3 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Skin severity scores, epidermal thickening, mast cell infiltration and degranulation, total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes (IgE, IgG(1)), and cytokine (interleukin [IL]-4 and interferon [IFN]-gamma) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) (TLR-2, TLR-4, and TLR-9) expressions were examined in each of the study groups. Orally administered A. arguta extract significantly reduced clinical dermatitis severity, epidermal thickness, mast cell dermal infiltration and degranulation, and total levels of serum IgE and IgG(1). Furthermore, this suppression of total serum IgE and IgG(1) levels was accompanied by a decrease in IL-4 and an increase in IFN-gamma expression in skin and splenocytes. Interestingly, TLR-9 expression was increased by oral A. arguta extract. This study confirms that A. arguta extract has potential as a dietary therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD. Furthermore, our findings suggest that its clinical efficacy and mode of action against AD are associated with the modulation of biphasic T-helper (Th) 1/Th2 cytokines, with the inhibition of Th2-mediated IgE overproduction, and possibly with the up-regulation of TLR-9.
Phloem long‐distance trafficking of <i>GIBBERELLIC ACID‐INSENSITIVE</i> RNA regulates leaf development (2005)

The phloem translocation stream contains a population of RNA molecules, suggesting plants use RNA to integrate developmental processes, at the whole-plant level. In the present study, we analyzed the role of long-distance trafficking in the delivery of transcripts from two members of the GRAS family, namely CmGAIP and GAI. These two homologs were chosen because of their involvement as transcriptional regulators in GA signaling. A combination of pumpkin, tomato and Arabidopsis was employed to examine the processes involved in long-distance delivery, to sink tissues, of RNA for engineered dominant gain-of-function pumpkin (Cmgaip) and Arabidopsis (DeltaDELLA-gai) genes. Our studies demonstrate that gai RNA entry into functional sieve elements occurs via a selective process. Both engineered mutant gai transcripts were able to exit the scion phloem and traffic cell to cell into the shoot apex. Delivery of Cmgaip and DeltaDELLA-gai RNA mediated highly reproducible changes in leaf phenotype in transgenic tomato lines grown under greenhouse conditions. Phenotypic analysis indicated that tomato leaflet morphology was influenced quite late in development. In addition, tissue sink strength did not appear to dictate gai RNA delivery, suggesting complexity in the process underlying macromolecular trafficking. These results establish that the molecular properties of the Cmgaip and DeltaDELLA-gai transcripts are compatible with the tomato cell-to-cell and long-distance macromolecular trafficking systems. An important conclusion, based on our work, is that control over GAI RNA delivery, via the phloem, may be regulated by sequence motifs conserved between plant families. We propose that RNA delivery via the phloem allows for flexibility in fine tuning of developmental programs to ensure newly developing leaves are optimized for performance under the prevailing environmental conditions.
Impact of biplane versus single-plane imaging on radiation dose, contrast load and procedural time in coronary angioplasty (2010)

Coronary angioplasties can be performed with either single-plane or biplane imaging techniques. The aim of this study was to determine whether biplane imaging, in comparison to single-plane imaging, reduces radiation dose and contrast load and shortens procedural time during (i) primary and elective coronary angioplasty procedures, (ii) angioplasty to the main vascular territories and (iii) procedures performed by operators with various levels of experience. This prospective observational study included a total of 504 primary and elective single-vessel coronary angioplasty procedures utilising either biplane or single-plane imaging. Radiographic and clinical parameters were collected from clinical reports and examination protocols. Radiation dose was measured by a dose-area-product (DAP) meter intrinsic to the angiography system. Our results showed that biplane imaging delivered a significantly greater radiation dose (181.4+/-121.0 Gycm(2)) than single-plane imaging (133.6+/-92.8 Gycm(2), p<0.0001). The difference was independent of case type (primary or elective) (p = 0.862), vascular territory (p = 0.519) and operator experience (p = 0.903). No significant difference was found in contrast load between biplane (166.8+/-62.9 ml) and single-plane imaging (176.8+/-66.0 ml) (p = 0.302). This non-significant difference was independent of case type (p = 0.551), vascular territory (p = 0.308) and operator experience (p = 0.304). Procedures performed with biplane imaging were significantly longer (55.3+/-27.8 min) than those with single-plane (48.9+/-24.2 min, p = 0.010) and, similarly, were not dependent on case type (p = 0.226), vascular territory (p = 0.642) or operator experience (p = 0.094). Biplane imaging resulted in a greater radiation dose and a longer procedural time and delivered a non-significant reduction in contrast load than single-plane imaging. These findings did not support the commonly perceived advantages of using biplane imaging in single-vessel coronary interventional procedures.
Straightforward Access to the [3.2.2]Nonatriene Structural Framework via Intramolecular Cyclopropenation/Buchner Reaction/Cope Rearrangement Cascade (2015)

A one-pot cascade process of benzyl enoldiazoacatates, initiated by dirhodium(II)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropene formation, occurs via a subsequent Buchner reaction and Cope rearrangement to provide straightforward access to bicyclo[3.2.2]nonatriene derivatives in high yields and selectivities.
Improved robust watermarking through attack characterization (1998)

In this paper, we propose an approach to improve the performance of a broad class of watermarking schemes through attack characterization. Robust and reference watermarks are both embedded into a signal. The reference watermark is used to characterize any modifications of the resulting marked signal, so that the robust watermark can be more reliably extracted. Analysis and simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Interlayer Transition and Infrared Photodetection in Atomically Thin Type-II MoTe<sub>2</sub>/MoS<sub>2</sub> van der Waals Heterostructures (2016)

We demonstrate the type-II staggered band alignment in MoTe2/MoS2 van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures and an interlayer optical transition at ∼1.55 μm. The photoinduced charge separation between the MoTe2/MoS2 vdW heterostructure is verified by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) under illumination, density function theory (DFT) simulations and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Photoelectrical measurements of MoTe2/MoS2 vdW heterostructures show a distinct photocurrent response in the infrared regime (1550 nm). The creation of type-II vdW heterostructures with strong interlayer coupling could improve our fundamental understanding of the essential physics behind vdW heterostructures and help the design of next-generation infrared optoelectronics.
Tandem single sideband modulation scheme fordoubling spectral efficiency of analogue fibre links (2000)

Using a dual-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator, a ‘tandem’ single sideband modulator has been constructed that doubles the spectral efficiency of a system by enabling the transmission of different data streams in the upper and lower sidebands of the same optical carrier.
X.—NEW BOOKS (1966)

Journal Article X.—NEW BOOKS Get access Law, Liberty and Morality. By H. L. A. HART. Oxford University Press, 1963. Pp. 88. 15s. D. D. RAPHAEL D. D. RAPHAEL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume LXXV, Issue 300, October 1966, Pages 607–610, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LXXV.300.607 Published: 01 October 1966
Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell–Derived Retinal Progenitors into Retinal Cells by Sonic Hedgehog and/or Retinal Pigmented Epithelium and Transplantation into the Subretinal Space of Sodium Iodate–Injected Rabbits (2011)

Transplantation of retinal cells has recently provided a promising therapeutic approach for retinal degeneration. Here, we differentiated initially retinal progenitors (RPs) from adherent feeder-free human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with the use of defined media supplemented with a specific combination of growth factors. The differentiated RPs highly (>80%) expressed related molecular features that included Six3 at an early stage in addition to Crx, Rx, Pax6, Otx2, and Chx10 at later stage. Next, we examined the induction of photoreceptors by Shh and/or the coculture of rabbit retinal pigmented epithelium with hESCs-derived RPs. The differentiation of retinal cells was demonstrated by protein and gene expression in all groups. However, S-Opsin, a cone photoreceptor marker, had higher expression in the presence of Shh, whereas expressions of Gli and Hes1 decreased in the same group. Finally, hESC-derived RPs were treated with Shh transplanted into the subretinal space of sodium iodate-injected albino-type adult rabbits and analyzed 4 weeks later. Transplanted retinal cells survived, migrated into retinal layers, and restored a small but significant B-wave. The grafted cells expressed photoreceptor markers, S-Opsin and Rhodopsin. Our results indicate that putative hESC-derived retinal cells express related genes and proteins. Further, our results show that retinal-like cells can be useful replacements for photoreceptors in retinal diseases.
A review of RFO induction motor parameter estimation techniques (2003)

An induction motor is the most frequently used electric machine in high performance drive applications. Control schemes of such drives require an exact knowledge of at least some of the induction motor parameters. Any mismatch between the parameter values used within the controller and actual parameter values in the motor leads to a deterioration in the drive performance. Numerous methods for induction machine online and offline parameter estimation have been developed exclusively for application in high performance drives. This paper aims at providing a review of the major techniques used for the induction motor parameter estimation. The paper is illustrated throughout with experimental and simulation examples, related to various parameter estimation techniques.
Vasopressin-2 Receptor Signaling and Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (2014)

Blockade of the vasopressin-2 receptor (V2R) in the kidney has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. The pathophysiologic basis of V2R-dependent cyst proliferation and disease progression, however, is not fully understood. Recent evidence suggests that polycystic kidney disease is characterized by defects in urinary concentrating mechanisms and subsequent deregulation of vasopressin excretion by the neurohypophysis. On the cellular level, several recent studies revealed unexpected crosstalk of signaling pathways downstream of V2R activation in the kidney epithelium. This review summarizes some of the unexpected roles of V2R signaling and suggests that vasopressin signaling itself may contribute crucially to loss of polarity and enhanced proliferation in cystic kidney epithelium.
Results of Microvascular Decompression of the Eighth Nerve as Treatment for Disabling Positional Vertigo (1990)

A total of 41 patients who underwent microvascular decompression to relieve disabling positional vertigo in one 12-month period were studied. At follow-up examinations 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 years after the operation, 30 patients had total relief of their symptoms or were considerably improved, to the point that they could resume normal work or other activities in which they were not able to engage before the operation. Two of the 41 patients had mild improvement, and the final 9 patients had no change in their symptoms. One patient, who had had a previous vestibular nerve section without improvement, underwent microvascular decompression of the stump as well as decompression of the opposite side with no relief: 3 of these 9 patients had clear signs of bilateral vestibular nerve compression, but elected not to undergo a second procedure at that time. One patient lost hearing as a result of the operation, and 1 who had a second operation suffered a hearing loss and subsequently underwent vestibular nerve section with improvement of the symptoms. Two patients had transient deficits related to cranial nerves IV and X. The remaining patients had no complications from the operation.
Outer membrane protein profiles of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae (1986)

Outer membrane protein profiles of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae were examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Cells were disrupted by sonication, and outer membrane-enriched fractions were prepared by differential centrifugation and selective solubilization of the inner membrane with sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate. Colony type, growth medium, time of harvest, and in vitro or in vivo passage had no appreciable effect on the protein profiles of the strains examined. Seven patterns were distinguished among the reference strains of the nine capsular serotypes. These patterns were based on the mobility of the major outer membrane proteins migrating in the 39,000- to 44,000-molecular-weight region of the gel, a 16K to 16.5K protein, and a heat-modifiable 29K protein. Strains of serotypes 1 and 9 had identical outer membrane protein profiles, as did strains of serotypes 2 and 6. The reference strains of the remaining five serotypes each had a distinct pattern. The outer membrane protein profiles of 95 field isolates belonging to serotypes 1, 5, 7, and 9 from swine in the midwestern United States were determined and compared with the reference patterns. The results indicate that the population of H. pleuropneumoniae is clonal, with three predominant clones distinguished by both serotype and outer membrane protein profile responsible for the majority of H. pleuropneumoniae disease occurring in swine in the United States.
Nanosized Hydroxyapatite Precipitation from Homogeneous Calcium/Citrate/Phosphate Solutions Using Microwave and Conventional Heating (1998)

Materials for bone repair and replacement can be prepared from nanometer-size hydroxyapatite (HA). A method of precipitating nanosize HA at atmospheric pressure, rapidly, using microwave heating is presented, and particles obtained by this and a conventional heating method are compared. The transmission electron micrograph shows particles obtained after microwave heating for 60 min.
Efficacy of Bimolane in the <i>Malassezia ovalis</i> Model of Psoriasis (1991)

Bimolane, an analog of razoxane has been used in China with comparable efficacy but less toxicity than razoxane in the treatment of psoriasis. In an attempt to characterize further its mode of action it was administered both systemically and topically in the Malassezia ovalis animal model of psoriasis. Intravenous methotrexate and topical 0.1% betamethasone valerate were also used as positive control treatments. The animal model of psoriasis was effectively treated by bimolane, both systemically and topically, and also by parenteral methotrexate and topical betamethasone valerate. The time course of bimolane's effect with this model was different from methotrexate's suggesting the possibility of a different mode of action. Because bimolane, like razoxane, is an ethylene diamino tetraacetate acid (EDTA) derivative, it is possible that its effects on this reaction relate to its chelating properties and that inhibition of complement activation is important to its mode of action.
AlMe<sub>3</sub>-Promoted Formation of Amides from Acids and Amines (2011)

In the presence of AlMe(3), amines can be directly coupled with acids through dimethylaluminum amide intermediates to form the corresponding amides. A wide range of amines and acids including less nucleophilic amines, bulky amines, unprotected secondary amino acids, and acids with poor solubility were coupled smoothly to give the desired products in 55-98% yields.
Detection of heavy metals (Pb, Sb, Al, As) through atomic absorption spectroscopy from drinking water of District Pishin, Balochistan, Pakistan (2014)

Area description District Pishin is situated in the North West Balochistan province (Pakistan) near Afghanistan border. The Surrounding areas of Pishin are Barshore, Milkyar, Nowabad, Saranan and Yaro; this district lies between 30-04 to 31-17 north latitudes and 66-13 to 67-50 east longitudes. Generally district Pishin is mountainous and its northern half is covered by Toba Plateau. The mountains are fairly uniform,
Descriptive model for the critical current as a function of axial strain in Bi-2212/Ag wires (1996)

A descriptive model is presented for the critical current of a Bi-2212 conductor that is axially deformed. This model is based on previously published critical current measurements on axially compressed and elongated Bi-2212 wires. The validity of the model is investigated by applying an additional pre-strain at room temperature. The experimental results on the pre-strained wires are in reasonable agreement with the prediction. The description for the critical-current reduction in Bi-2212 is applied in a model for a bend conductor. This model predicts the critical current as a function of the bending radius in a wire and a tape conductor.
Evaluating an interspecific Helianthus annuus×Helianthus tuberosus population for use in a perennial sunflower breeding program (2013)

Perennial crops show promise for sustainable agricultural production while providing ecosystem services (maintaining healthy soil, controlling erosion, improving water quality, and enhancing wildlife habitat). Perennial crops could also provide economically viable cropping option to farmers. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an ideal crop for perennialization because of existing genetic resources and a wide variety of end-uses. The objective of this research was to evaluate interspecific hybrids between perennial Helianthus tuberosus L. (2n = 6x = 102) and annual H. annuus L. (2n = 2x = 34) for perenniality and agronomic traits; assessing their utility in developing a perennial seed crop. Field trials indicated that seed yield traits were positively correlated with head traits. Tuber traits, which are required for perenniality, and seed yield traits were not correlated, indicating that simultaneous selection may be able to target high yielding lines that also tuberize. The F1 individuals were intermated for one generation and the intermated F1 (IM1F1) showed increases in head size (up to 20%) compared to the best F1 individual. The lack of correlation between tuber and seed traits coupled with phenotypic improvement after one generation of intermating suggest that the best improvement strategy for perennial sunflower is a recurrent selection program focusing on yield.
Supramolecular Interactions between Fullerenes and Porphyrins (2003)

Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof density functional theory calculations have been carried out to investigate the host-guest interactions for several fullerene-porphyrin supramolecular complexes. The nature of the interactions has been discussed. The fullerene-porphyrin interaction energies for the complexes studied are found to be in the range from -16 to -18 kcal/mol.
Oxindolylalanine (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxindolylalanineHeinrich Rinderknecht, Hartman Koechlin, and Carl NiemannCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1953, 18, 8, 971–982Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo50014a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo50014a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Crafting Character Through Emotion and Reason (2011)

This thesis follows a reproduction of Aristotle's The Art of Rhetoric in hopes of assisting undergraduate students of Creative Writing majors. Its model will cast types and utility of reasoning alongside respective emotions in an episodic debate under the same methodology of Aristotle, enthymeme1 and example2, and the emotions of Aristotle's study will be organized by the system of reason they produce, practical, imperfect, or perfect. I have selected this method for, although Aristotle's work studies the various elements which constitute components of emotion, his work is without a cyclic theory of emotions' interconnection.\nThe advantage of reproducing Aristotle's rhetoric is the opportunity to direct a perceptive study of the mechanics of human behavior, emotions, and types of reasoning to grasp the very roots of literary persuasion, as seen through fictional characters. Ideas and discussion integral to Aristotelian concepts follow three forms of emotional reason (practical, imperfect, and perfect), which will be illustrated and analyzed using excerpts from The Art of Rhetoric as well as challenging opinion.\nThe conclusions found by this thesis herald closely from postulates, or self-evident assumption, than from any ruling guideline. This work is not meant to say students are without other systematic and orderly procedures for composing fiction, but an Aristotelian process for attaining literary objectives is especially subjected to a multitude of psychological and social influences–– our own characters–– which, from these, helps create students' best work. In short, as a consequence of this thesis, I hope undergraduate students gain a repertoire for building graphic yet authentic characters, as well as an appreciation for literature that exemplifies characters of intense emotions and developed reason.\n1 Enthymemes, Aristotle's rhetorical syllogisms; arguments based on probable opinion rather than scientific argument and aim at audience persuasion rather than scientific demonstration. 2 Example, Aristotle's rhetorical induction; a series of specific instances that form a generalization meant to be accepted as a universal conclusion.