gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensitive and Specific Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays to Accurately Determine Copy Number Variations (CNVs) of Human Complement <i>C4A</i> , <i>C4B</i> , <i>C4-Long</i> , <i>C4-Short</i> , and RCCX Modules: Elucidation of <i>C4</i> CNVs in 50 Consanguineous Subjects with Defined HLA Genotypes (2007)

Recent comparative genome hybridization studies revealed that hundreds to thousands of human genomic loci can have interindividual copy number variations (CNVs). One of such CNV loci in the HLA codes for the immune effector protein complement component C4. Sensitive, specific, and accurate assays to interrogate the C4 CNV and its associated polymorphisms by using submicrogram quantities of genomic DNA are needed for high throughput epidemiologic studies of C4 CNVs in autoimmune, infectious, and neurological diseases. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays were developed using TaqMan chemistry and based on sequences specific for C4A and C4B genes, structural characteristics corresponding to the long and short forms of C4 genes, and the breakpoint region of RP-C4-CYP21-TNX (RCCX) modular duplication. Assignments for gene copy numbers were achieved by relative standard curve methods using cloned C4 genomic DNA covering 6 logs of DNA concentrations for calibrations. The accuracies of test results were cross-confirmed internally in each sample, as the sum of C4A plus C4B equals to the sum of C4L plus C4S or the total copy number of RCCX modules. These qPCR assays were applied to determine C4 CNVs from samples of 50 consanguineous subjects who were mostly homozygous in HLA genotypes. The results revealed eight HLA haplotypes with single C4 genes in monomodular RCCX that are associated with multiple autoimmune and infectious diseases and 32 bimodular, 4 trimodular, and one quadrimodular RCCX. These C4 qPCR assays are proven to be robust, sensitive, and reliable, as they have contributed to the elucidation of C4 CNVs in >1000 human samples with autoimmune and neurological diseases.
Demonstration of a Prototype for a Conversational Companion for Reminiscing about Images (2010)

This work was funded by the Companions project (2006-2009) sponsored by the European Commission as part of the Information Society Technologies (IST) programme under EC grant number IST-FP6-034434.
Detecting corresponding segments across images using synchronizable pulse-coupled neural networks (2002)

Computational models of locally connected networks of synchronizable neural oscillators-notably pulse-coupled neural networks (PCNN) and locally excitatory globally inhibitory oscillator networks (LEGION)-have been applied to image segmentation. We report on research that explores a simple 2-layer PCNN-like network for determining corresponding segments in two images. If the two images are frames in a video sequence this can be used for motion detection and, thus, for motion-based segmentation. More generally, it can be used for finding specific objects in fresh views of a previously imaged scene. The proposed algorithm is called bidirectional gated block-matching.
A wide-band ultralinear amplifier from 3 to 300 MHz (1974)

The design of a low-distortion, wide-band amplifier with 75-/spl Omega/ input and output impedances is described. Simultaneous shunt and series feedback is used and design equations are derived for terminal impedances, forward gain, loop gain, and noise figure. The advantages of a Darlington connection for low distortion are described. For 0-dBm signal levels, the amplifier achieves third-order intermodulation products of -88 dB relative to the carrier at 300 MHz and 12 channel cross-modulation (CM) of -77 dB at channel 13.
Synthesis and antimalarial effects of <i>N,N</i>‐dialkyl‐6‐(substituted phenyl)‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazin‐3‐amines (1979)

Abstract The synthesis of a series of N,N ‐dialkyl‐6‐(substituted phenyl)‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazin‐3‐amines (IV) by two routes is described. The first route (Scheme I) involved the oxidative cyclization of formazans (II) to 3‐bromo‐6‐(substituted phenyl)‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazines (III), followed by treatment with amines. The second (Scheme II) utilized the treatment of 3‐(methylthio)‐6‐(substituted phenyl)‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazines (VII) with amines to provide the desired products. The intermediate 3‐(methylthio)‐6‐(substituted phenyl)‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazines (VII) were obtained by thiobenzoylation of hydrazinecarbohydrazonothioic acid methyl ester with [[(substituted phenyl)thioxomethyl]thio]‐acetic acids (V) to afford the 1,2‐dihydro‐3‐(methylthio)‐6‐(substituted phenyl)‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazines (VI). Oxidation with bromine in acetic acid provided the desired intermediates. The target 6‐(substituted phenyl)‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazin‐3‐amines (IV) displayed modest antimalarial activity.
ICMP Locator Update Message for the Identifier-Locator Network Protocol for IPv4 (ILNPv4) (2012)

This note defines an experimental ICMP message type for IPv4 used with
the Identifier-Locator Network Protocol (ILNP). ILNP is an
experimental, evolutionary enhancement to IP. The ICMP message defined
herein is used to dynamically update Identifier/Locator bindings for
an existing ILNP session. This is a product of the IRTF Routing
Research Group. This document defines an Experimental Protocol for the
Internet community.
Laser desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometryRobert J. CotterCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 11, 1767–1770Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50061a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50061a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CLIQ : a new quench protection technology for superconducting magnets (2015)

CLIQ, the Coupling-Loss Induced Quench system, is a new method for protecting superconducting magnets after a sudden transition to the normal state. It offers significant advantages over the conventional technology due to its effective mechanism for heating the superconductor relying on coupling loss and its robust electrical design, which makes it more reliable and less interfering with the coil winding process. The analysis of the electro-magnetic and thermal transients during and after a CLIQ discharge allows identifying the system parameters that affect the system performance and defining guidelines for implementing this technology on coils of various characteristics. Most existing superconducting magnets can be protected by CLIQ as convincingly shown by test results performed on magnets of different sizes, superconductor types, geometries, cables and strand parameters. Experimental results are successfully reproduced by means of a novel technique for modeling non-linear dynamic effects in superconducting magnets. The design of future magnets can be adapted for improving the performance of a CLIQ-based protection system in terms of lower hot-spot temperature, safer electrical design, as well as reduced size and cost. The impact of the proposed measures, including modifications to the composition of the superconductor and addition of multiple CLIQ terminals, are analyzed and discussed. CLIQ’s fast and relatively homogeneous transfer of the coil to the normal state can enable safe magnet operation at energy densities presently incompatible with the performance of other protection systems. CLIQ technology has rapidly reached maturity and is ready for implementation on present and future high field superconducting magnets.
Rewards and opportunities in rapid-access chest-pain clinics (2006)

Rapid-access chest-pain clinics have existed in some areas for several years, but the introduction of the National Service Framework for Coronary Heart Disease (DH, 2000) made a ‘rapid-access’ approach to assessment and management of new-onset stable angina the gold standard. However, little has been written about the development of these clinics and there is little research evidence that they are a cost-effective approach to the organization of patient care. This paper offers an insight into the development of chest-pain clinics and describes one model of a nurse-led service.
Identification of proteases from periodontopathogenic bacteria as activators of latent human neutrophil and fibroblast-type interstitial collagenases (1992)

Activation of latent human fibroblast-type and neutrophil interstitial procollagenases as well as degradation of native type I collagen by supra- and subgingival dental plaque extracts, an 80-kDa trypsinlike protease from Porphyromas gingivalis (ATCC 33277), a 95-kDa chymotrypsinlike protease from Treponema denticola (ATCC 29522), and selected bacterial species commonly isolated in periodontitis was studied. The bacteria included were Prevotella intermedia (ATCC 25261), Prevotella buccae (ES 57), Prevotella oris (ATCC 33573), Porphyromonas endodontalis (ES 54b), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 295222), Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953), Mitsuokella dentalis (DSM 3688), and Streptococcus mitis (ATCC 15909). None of the bacteria activated latent procollagenases; however, both sub- and supragingival dental plaque extracts (neutral salt extraction) and proteases isolated from cell extracts from potentially periodontopathogenic bacteria P. gingivalis and T. denticola were found to activate latent human fibroblast-type and neutrophil interstitial procollagenases. The fibroblast-type interstitial collagenase was more efficiently activated by bacterial proteases than the neutrophil counterpart, which instead preferred nonproteolytic activation by the oxidative agent hypochlorous acid. The proteases were not able to convert collagenase tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) complexes into active form or to change the ability of TIMP-1 to inhibit interstitial collagenase. None of the studied bacteria, proteases from P. gingivalis and T. denticola, or extracts of supra- and subgingival dental plaque showed any significant collagenolytic activity. However, the proteases degraded native and denatured collagen fragments after cleavage by interstitial collagenase and gelatinase. Our results indicate that proteases from periodontopathogenic bacteria can act as direct proteolytic activators of human procollagenases and degrade collagen fragments. Thus, in concert with host enzymes the bacterial proteases may participate in periodontal tissue destruction.
Stochastic Photolysis: A New Method for Measuring Rates of Photosensitive Reactions (1982)

A new method is introduced for the measurement of photochemical or photobiological reaction rates. Based on linear response theory, the method uses a randomly modulated light source rather than a pulsed one, and uses cross-correlation analysis to extract the desired kinetic information. In operation, a randomly varying light source illuminates the reaction of interest, and the resulting fluctuations in reactant (or product) concentrations are monitored. Mathematical or instrumental cross correlation of the light source variations with those in component concentration then produces the familiar kinetic decay curve. Because the new method produces only minute concentration fluctuations, it can measure reaction rates near equilibrium; moreover, equilibrium position can be shifted by superimposing on the fluctuating light intensity a dc level. Also, because cross correlation is used, the method enjoys high signal-to-noise ratios. In the present study, the utility and practicability of the new technique are demonstrated through examination of the recombination kinetics of photolytically generated iodine atoms.
Lack of dystrophin protein Dp71 results in progressive cataract formation due to loss of fiber cell organization. (2014)

While its role in the retina has been well characterized, this study demonstrates for the first time the role played by Dp71 in a different ocular tissue: the crystalline lens. It primarily demonstrates the role that Dp71 plays in the maintenance of the integrity of the secondary lens fibers.
Chordal Cutting Does Not Adversely Affect Left Ventricle Contractile Function (2006)

We find no evidence for acutely decreased global or segmental LV contractility with chordal cutting. This absence of adverse effects is consistent with long-term clinical experience with cutting these chords in valve repair.
Differential standard deviation of log‐scale intensity based optical coherence tomography angiography (2017)

In this paper, a differential standard deviation of log-scale intensity (DSDLI) based optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is presented for calculating microvascular images of human skin. The DSDLI algorithm calculates the variance in difference images of two consecutive log-scale intensity based structural images from the same position along depth direction to contrast blood flow. The en face microvascular images were then generated by calculating the standard deviation of the differential log-scale intensities within the specific depth range, resulting in an improvement in spatial resolution and SNR in microvascular images compared to speckle variance OCT and power intensity differential method. The performance of DSDLI was testified by both phantom and in vivo experiments. In in vivo experiments, a self-adaptive sub-pixel image registration algorithm was performed to remove the bulk motion noise, where 2D Fourier transform was utilized to generate new images with spatial interval equal to half of the distance between two pixels in both fast-scanning and depth directions. The SNRs of signals of flowing particles are improved by 7.3 dB and 6.8 dB on average in phantom and in vivo experiments, respectively, while the average spatial resolution of images of in vivo blood vessels is increased by 21%.
The GPA machine: a generally partitionable MSIMD architecture (2002)

The GPA machine, a massively parallel, multiple single-instruction-stream-multiple-data-stream (MSIMD) system is described. Its distinguishing characteristics is the generality of its partitioning capabilities. Like the PASM system it can be dynamically reconfigured to operate as one or more independent SIMD machines. However, unlike PASM, the only constraint placed on partitioning is that an individual processing element is a member of at most one partition. This capability allows for reconfiguration based on the run-time status of dynamic data structures and for partitioning of disconnected and overlapping data structures. Significant speedups are expected from operating on data structures in place; copying of data to a newly configured partition is unnecessary. The GPA system consists of N processing-element/RAM pairs and an interconnection network providing access to and from P control processors or microcontrollers. With current technologies, values for N and P of 64K and 16, respectively, are feasible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A missense mutation of the Na <sup>+</sup> channel α <sub>II</sub> subunit gene <i>Na</i> <sub>v</sub> <i>1.2</i> in a patient with febrile and afebrile seizures causes channel dysfunction (2001)

Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+), a clinical subset of febrile seizures (FS), is characterized by frequent episodes beyond 6 years of age (FS+) and various types of subsequent epilepsy. Mutations in beta1 and alpha(I)-subunit genes of voltage-gated Na(+) channels have been associated with GEFS+1 and 2, respectively. Here, we report a mutation resulting in an amino acid exchange (R188W) [corrected] in the gene encoding the alpha-subunit of neuronal voltage-gated Na(+) channel type II (Na(v)1.2) in a patient with FS associated with afebrile seizures. The mutation R188W [corrected] occurring on Arg(187), a highly conserved residue among voltage-gated Na(+) channels, was not found in 224 alleles of unaffected individuals. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings on human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells expressing a rat wild-type (rNa(v)1.2) and the corresponding mutant channels showed that the mutant channel inactivated more slowly than wild-type whereas the Na(+) channel conductance was not affected. Prolonged residence in the open state of the R188W [corrected] mutant channel may augment Na(+) influx and thereby underlie the neuronal hyperexcitability that induces seizure activity. Even though a small pedigree could not show clear cosegregation with the disease phenotype, these findings strongly suggest the involvement of Na(v)1.2 in a human disease and propose the R188W [corrected] mutation as the genetic defect responsible for febrile seizures associated with afebrile seizures.
A simulation study integrated with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in an automotive manufacturing system (2011)

A variety of circumstances, such as developing a new product, changing the design of an existing product, changing the production volume, or changing the product mix, can drive the need for a manufacturing system redesign. Simulation technology has been widely used for evaluating manufacturing system design alternatives. Various performance measures including throughput, utilization of resources, lead-time, and work in process are obtained from simulation studies. However, the dimensions of performance measures are different, and it requires that the trade-offs between them should be considered. In addition, personal preferences in the selection of performance measures vary from person to person. Thus, the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) system is required to complement the simulation technology. This paper presents a case study that integrates a simulation study with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), applied to the design of a transmission case line in a Korean automotive factory. The simulation model is developed with QUEST®. Four performance measures (criteria) and seven design alternatives are considered utilizing AHP.
[Evaluation of the effectiveness of the preparation Panzytrat 20,000 U in the substitute treatment of chronic pancreatitis]. (1994)

Panzytrat 20,000 U produced by Knoll is a modern galenic form of active pancreatic enzymes in the form of microgranules with uniform enzymatic composition. The studies of the preparation effectiveness were carried out in 88 patients with diagnosed exocrine failure in the course of chronic pancreatitis. The patients were taking Panzytrat 20,000 for 4 weeks in doses 3 x 1 capsule with main meals. Control examinations were performed two and four weeks after starting the treatment, assessing the patients' condition on the basis of history taking and medical examination; taking into account weight gain, duration and intensity of pain and dyspeptic symptoms, frequency and character of defeacations and possible undesirable effects. In a group of 37 patients, BNT-PABA test was also performed before the treatment and after one capsule of Panzytrat. The treatment with Panzytrat 20,000 caused a statistically significant reduction of the number of defecations, significant reduction of pain and dyspeptic symptoms. A statistically significant increase of PABA recovery in urine was also obtained after one capsule of the preparation. Practically, no unfavourable effects of the treatment were observed. The studies carried out point to the high effectiveness of Panzytrat in dose 3 x 20,000. U daily in the treatment of exocrine pancreatic failure in the course of chronic pancreatitis.
Azo-complexes of bis(cyclopentadienyl)-titanium and -vanadium; model systems for N–N multiple bond activation (1983)

Azobenzenebis(η5-cyclopentadienyl)-titanium and -vanadium and some titanium and vanadium analogues have been synthesized from [Ti(CO)2(cp)2] and [V(cp)2](cp =η5-C5H5) respectively. In the mononuclear structure of [Ti(cp)2(PhNNPh)] the conformation and bond data of the cis-azobenzene ligand differ considerably from those of the free molecule. The complex consists of a Ti(cp)2 moiety bridged in an edge-on fashion to the azo-group with the most significant bond data being : N–N 1.339(8), N–C 1.395(10), Ti–N 1.968(6), Ti–cp(centroid) 2.077 Å, N–Ti–N 39.8(5), and cp–Ti–cp 133.0°. The metal–nitrogen and –azo bonding characteristics are evaluated in connection with related compounds. A quantitative ab initio molecular orbital treatment of the related model complex [TiCl2(MeNNMe)] is consistent with the main conformational data and indicates strong interaction of of the azo-group and the metal. Formation of the complex gives rise to a lowering of the N–N bond order and an increase of the titanium oxidation state.
Shape memory alloy actuators in smart structures: Modeling and simulation (2004)

This review article gives an overview of the new and quickly developing field of shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators in smart structures. The focus is on the aspects of modeling and simulation of such structures, a task that goes beyond classical modeling approaches as it has to combine constitutive modeling with structural and control aspects in a highly interdisciplinary way. We review developments in each of these fields, trying to combine them into a smooth picture of how to treat the problem efficiently. After a discussion of modeling aspects with particular regard to actuator applications, the simulation of standard feedback control methods is demonstrated. Subsequently, model based methods from optimal control theory are presented, accounting for the strongly nonlinear and hysteretic material behavior of SMAs. Real-time optimal control methods are introduced and, finally, aspects of finite element implementation of an SMA actuator model are discussed and illustrated by the simulation of an adaptive aircraft wing. This review article cites 155 references.