gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on Condensed Pyrimidine Systems. XII. Synthesis of Some 4- and 2,4-Substituted Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on Condensed Pyrimidine Systems. XII. Synthesis of Some 4- and 2,4-Substituted Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinesRoland K. Robins and George H. HitchingsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 8, 2256–2260Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01613a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01613a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views796Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Anodization Mechanism on SiC Nanoparticle Reinforced Al Matrix Composites Produced by Power Metallurgy (2014)

Specimens of aluminum-based composites reinforced by silicon carbide nanoparticles (Al/SiC<sub>np</sub>) produced by powder metallurgy (PM) were anodized under voltage control in tartaric-sulfuric acid (TSA). In this work, the influence of the amount of SiC<sub>np</sub> on the film growth during anodizing was investigated. The current density <i>versus</i> time response and the morphology of the porous alumina film formed at the composite surface are compared to those concerning a commercial aluminum alloy (AA1050) anodized under the same conditions. The processing method of the aluminum alloys influences the efficiency of the anodizing process, leading to a lower thicknesses for the unreinforced Al-PM alloy regarding the AA1050. The current density <i>versus</i> time response is strongly dependent on the amount of SiC<sub>np</sub>. The current peaks and the steady-state current density recorded at each voltage step increases with the SiC<sub>np</sub> volume fraction due to the oxidation of the SiC<sub>np</sub>. The formation mechanism of the anodic film on Al/SiC<sub>np</sub> composites is different from that occurring in AA1050, partly due the heterogeneous distribution of the reinforcement particles in the metallic matrix, but also to the entrapment of SiC<sub>np</sub> in the anodic film.
Iterative Nonlocal Total Variation Regularization Method for Image Restoration (2013)

In this paper, a Bregman iteration based total variation image restoration algorithm is proposed. Based on the Bregman iteration, the algorithm splits the original total variation problem into sub-problems that are easy to solve. Moreover, non-local regularization is introduced into the proposed algorithm, and a method to choose the non-local filter parameter locally and adaptively is proposed. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithms outperform some other regularization methods.
Genetic and epigenetic inactivation of <i>TNFRSF10C</i> in human prostate cancer (2008)

We found a notably high frequency of promoter CGI methylation and deletion of TNFRSF10C in PCa tissues. Our results indicated that inactivation of TNFRSF10C by chromosomal deletion and promoter methylation may play an important role in PCa development.
Effects of stacking on the configurations and elasticity of single-stranded nucleic acids (2004)

Stacking interactions in single-stranded nucleic acids give rise to configurations of an annealed rod-coil multiblock copolymer. Theoretical analysis identifies the following resulting signatures for long homopolynucleotides: a nonmonotonic dependence of size on temperature, the corresponding effects on cyclization and a plateau in the extension force law. Explicit numerical results for polydeoxyadenylate [poly(dA)] and polyriboadenylate [poly(rU)] are presented.
Chemical Equilibrium in Complex Mixtures (1958)

A new method for the determination of the equilibrium composition of complex mixtures is described. The general method, which is based on the minimization of free energy, states the problem with unusual simplicity, avoiding many of the usual difficulties of description and computation. Two specific computation procedures are shown, one using a steepest descent technique applied to a quadratic fit, the other making use of linear programing.
La palabra No. Color, ausencia y derecho en "Kaddish por el hijo no nacido", de Imre Kertész (2016)

O trabalho analisa o romance de Imre Kertész Kaddish pelo filho não nascido, a partir das relações entre memória, ausência e Direito. Utilizam-se algumas das perspectivas que as Teorias da Cor de Newton e de Goethe oferecem para traçar simetrias com uma possível Teoria da Cor dos Direitos Humanos e definir, dentro dessa teoria, o branco como cor associada à ausência, ao luto, à impossibilidade de surgimento do Direito, uma cor não iluminável nem transformável em outras. O Holocausto se associa ao preto absoluto – não iluminável pelo Direito –, que produz a impossibilidade de memória, a negação da continuação dos relatos. O eventual novo pacto jurídico que se constrói após o Holocausto deve oferecer uma cláusula adicional: a necessidade de continuar com o Direito como se. A continuidade no Direito exige agora incluir a obrigação de não esquecer as consequências e contemplar a linguagem dos relatos e do próprio Direito como uma linguagem expulsa, a qual chegou a servir para gerar um perverso discurso justificatório, e que agora podemos ver como uma língua exilada que suporta a carga da memória e dos que jamais poderão conquistar uma voz.
Local Mesh Refinement for Finite Difference Methods (1982)

ABSTRACT A method of local mesh refinement has been developed in which additional nodes are used only in regions where they are necessary. The extra mesh lines are not extended across the entire simulator as in the usual current practice. Refinement of a two-dimensional element, herein defined as the rectangle formed by mesh lines with nodes at the vertices, consists of bisecting it in each coordinate direction, thus dividing the original element into four smaller, but similar ones, and creating five nodes. The resulting smaller elements may themselves be refined by the same procedure. An element must be refined if two adjacent elements of the same size have been refined or if one smaller adjacent element has been refined. Three configurations of five nodes each which arise in current refinement methods also appear in the new procedure. In addition, a configuration of six nodes also occurs. Finite difference analogs for all configurations were developed. An extensive study of local mesh refinement near a well was made for the repeated five spot in a homogeneous reservoir with unit mobility ratio. Results of the finite difference solutions were compared with the analytic solution. Generally, it was found there should be at least two consecutive increments of the same size between changes in increment size. When this practice is followed, a local minimum in truncation error occurs at each node where there is a change in increment size. The more accurate solution obtained in the vicinity of the well by use of smaller increments there results in a more accurate solution also in the coarser unrefined mesh. Some improvement elements with the well node as a vertex. An effective refinement was one using increments which were one half and one fourth the size of those in the coarser mesh. Four small increments were used nearest the well, and four was obtained by one refinement of the four mid-sized ones were used between these and the coarsest mesh. Results are presented to aid the reader in selecting the extent of refinement he desires.
Fusion Power: Will It Ever Come? (2006)

Prospects for practical applications of fusion power to solve our energy problems appear dubious on engineering grounds.
British English A to Zed (1987)

Praise for the previous hardcover edition: A reference designed to ease Americans' confusion over British usage, explaining 5,000 British slang terms and common phrases. Book News Students
Adaptive modulation and coding for communication over the atmospheric turbulence channels (2009)

We propose an adaptive coding scheme that provides robust and spectrally-efficient transmission over strong atmospheric turbulence channels. We demonstrate that deep fades in the order of 35 dB and above can be tolerated with proposed scheme.
The complete primary structure for a novel laminin chain, the laminin B1k chain (1994)

We have isolated overlapping cDNA clones encoding the entire kalinin B1 chain. The predicted sequences are consistent with the models proposed for the structure of this chain as a truncated homologue of the B1 chain of laminin. The percent sequence homology with other laminin B1 chains is relatively low, suggesting that this chain is functionally different. The sequence of the VI domain of this chain is consistent with the possibility that it serves to bind specifically the kalinin A chain and subsequently covalently binds to it. In keeping with the accepted nomenclature for the laminin chains we name this novel polypeptide the laminin B1k chain.
Planktonic Communities and Trophic Interactions in the Kavaratti Waters, Lakshadweep Archipelago, India (2012)

The complex relationships among marine planktonic trophic levels are not yet well understood, despite the importance of the plankton community in the global carbon cycle and its role as a food source for commercial fisheries. In this study, phytoplankton and zooplankton samples were collected and identified from the oligotrophic Kavaratti waters. Within the phytoplankton community, siliceous diatoms and dinoflagellates responded differently with environmental variations. Differential responses by different trophic interactions were also found with both phyto- and zooplankton communities. Low abundance of microzooplankton and along with the concomitant occurrence of low mesozooplankton in the Lakshadweep suggests that there could be a general lack of planktonic grazers. This would result in a weak transfer of primary and bacterial carbon to higher trophic levels, eventually leaving behind much unconsumed basic food in the stations like light house and helipad. Tracking changes in planktonic biodiversity and their trophic interactions over time will help for the assessment of potential fisheries. The study provides baseline information on the productivity, pigment concentration and plankton community structure and their trophic state with respect to marine food web, which could give new insight to the future ecological assessment of Kavaratti waters.
Multifrequency Tympanometry (1977)

The tympanogram shape has been investigated in 290 patients as a function of probe tone frequency (from 200 to 2000 Hz). As the frequency of the probe tone rises, the tympanogram undergoes characteristic modifications which have been grouped, according to their morphologic similarities, in three classes: V, W and inverted-V shape. These three tympanometric configurations are consistently observed both in normals and in some patients with middle ear disorders. Exceptions to this regular behaviour are the pathological pictures of the middle ear in which the structure or the dynamics of the tympano-ossicular system are significantly altered (massive tympanosclerosis, glue ear and cholesteatoma). The frequency interval at which the characteristic tympanometric configurations appear is the most important factor for differentiating pathophysiologic conditions of the middle ear.
Differing patterns of striatal <sup>18</sup>F‐dopa uptake in Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy (1990)

Using positron emission tomography (PET), we studied regional striatal 18F-dopa uptake in 16 patients with L-dopa-responsive Parkinson's disease (PD), 18 patients with multiple system atrophy, and 10 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy. Results were compared with those of 30 age-matched normal volunteers. The patients with PD showed significantly reduced mean uptake of 18F-dopa in the caudate and putamen compared to controls, but while function in the posterior part of the putamen was severely impaired (45% of normal), function in the anterior part of the putamen and in the caudate was relatively spared (62% and 84% of normal). Mean 18F-dopa uptake in the posterior putamen was depressed to similar levels in all patients. Unlike patients with PD, the patients with progressive supranuclear palsy showed equally severe impairment of mean 18F-dopa uptake in the anterior and posterior putamen. Caudate 18F-dopa uptake was also significantly lower in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy than in patients with PD, being depressed to the same level as that in the putamen. Mean 18F-dopa uptake values in the anterior putamen and caudate in patients with multiple system atrophy lay between PD and progressive supranuclear palsy levels. Locomotor disability of individual patients with PD or multiple system atrophy correlated with decline in striatal 18F-dopa uptake, but this was not the case for the patients with progressive supranuclear palsy. We conclude that patients with PD have selective nigral pathological features with relative preservation of the dopaminergic function in the anterior putamen and caudate, whereas there is progressively more extensive nigral involvement in multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Trace analysis of multi-class pesticide residues in Chinese medicinal health wines using gas chromatography with electron capture detection (2016)

A method is described for multi-residue, high-throughput determination of trace levels of 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 5 pyrethroid pesticides (PYPs) in Chinese medicinal (CM) health wines using a QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) based extraction method and gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD). Several parameters were optimized to improve preparation and separation time while still maintaining high sensitivity. Validation tests of spiked samples showed good linearities for 27 pesticides (R = 0.9909-0.9996) over wide concentration ranges. Limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were measured at ng/L levels, 0.06-2 ng/L and 0.2-6 ng/L for OCPs and 0.02-3 ng/L and 0.06-7 ng/L for PYPs, respectively. Inter- and intra-day precision tests showed variations of 0.65-9.89% for OCPs and 0.98-13.99% for PYPs, respectively. Average recoveries were in the range of 47.74-120.31%, with relative standard deviations below 20%. The developed method was then applied to analyze 80 CM wine samples. Beta-BHC (Benzene hexachloride) was the most frequently detected pesticide at concentration levels of 5.67-31.55 mg/L, followed by delta-BHC, trans-chlordane, gamma-BHC, and alpha-BHC. The validated method is simple and economical, with adequate sensitivity for trace levels of multi-class pesticides. It could be adopted by laboratories for this and other types of complex matrices analysis.
Half-metallic ferromagnets for magnetic tunnel junctions by<i>ab initio</i>calculations (2005)

Using theoretical arguments, we show that, in order to exploit half-metallic ferromagnets in tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) junctions, it is crucial to eliminate interface states at the Fermi level within the half-metallic gap; contrary to this, no such problem arises in giant magnetoresistance elements. Moreover, based on an a priori understanding of the electronic structure, we propose an antiferromagnetically coupled TMR element based on half-metallic zinc-blende chalcogenides, in which interface states are eliminated, as a paradigm of materials design from first principles. Our conclusions are supported by ab initio calculations.
Structure of Rhenium Disulfide (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of Rhenium DisulfideH. H. Murray, S. P. Kelty, R. R. Chianelli, and C. S. DayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 19, 4418–4420Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00097a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00097a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1473Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Studies on as-Triazine Derivatives. XIX. Synthesis of 2, 3-Diarylpyrazine and 2, 3-Diarylpyridine Derivatives as Blood Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors (1993)

4,5-Diphenyl-2-ethoxypyrimidine (1), 3,4-diphenyl-6-ethoxypyridazine (2) and 2,3-diphenyl-5-ethoxypyrazine (3) were evaluated for inhibitory activity towards arachidonic acid-induced aggregation of rabbit blood platelet in vitro. 2,3-Diphenyl-5-ethoxypyrazine (3) exhibited significant inhibitory activity. Thus, various 5-substituted 2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazines were synthesized by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 5-chloro-2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazine (9). In a similar manner, substituted 2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridines were prepared from 2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylsulfonylpyridine (17), which was synthesized by the cycloaddition retro Diels-Alder reaction of 5,6-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylsulfonyl-1,2,4-triazine (16) with norbornadiene. Among the compounds prepared, 6-isopropoxy-2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-pyrazine (10f) showed the most potent inhibitory activity, which was more than the activity of anitrazafen[5,6-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1,2,4-triazine.
GRANULATION TISSUE AS A CONTRACTILE ORGAN (1972)

CONTRACTING GRANULATION TISSUES CONTAIN FIBROBLASTS THAT DEVELOP CHARACTERISTICS TYPICAL OF SMOOTH MUSCLE: (a) They contain an extensive cytoplasmic fibrillar system. (b) They show immunofluorescent labeling of their cytoplasm with human anti-smooth muscle serum. (c) The nuclei show complicated folds and indentations, indicative of cellular contraction. (d) There are cell-to-cell and cell-to-stroma attachments. (e) It is possible to extract similar quantities of actomyosin (having the same adenosine triphosphatase activity) from granulation tissue and from pregnant rat uterus. (f) Strips of granulation tissue, when tested pharmacologically in vitro, behave similarly to smooth muscle. All these data support the view that, under certain conditions, fibroblasts can differentiate into a cell type structurally and functionally similar to smooth muscle and that this cell, the "myo-fibroblast," plays an important role in connective tissue contraction.
Auroral observations at the Alaska Agricultural College and School of Mines, 1930–31—Concluded (1932)

Aurora journal, November 17, 1930, to April 17, 1931 —The following pages summarize the journal of the photographic work done. Many of the photographs taken were either spoiled due to the plate‐holders leaking light, too short an exposure, or to the unusability of the negatives due to indistinct outline. November 17, 1930: The aurora was first seen at 18:00 rather dimly as a narrow arc. Observers went to Station 2 but no pictures were taken because the aurora was too weak. It died out completely at 23:00. The sky became overcast about 24:00 and continued so during the remainder of the night.
Exploring tactile surface sensors as a gesture input device for intuitive robot programming (2016)

The lack of efficient and intuitive programming paradigms for industrial manipulators stands in the way of increasing the degree of automation in various industrial manufacturing environments. We approach this lack by exploring tactile surface sensors (TSS) enclosing the links of a manipulator as a gesture input device for intuitive robot programming. First, our low-cost tactile surface sensor is briefly presented. Subsequently, a preliminary gesture set is introduced and feature-based approaches for gesture recognition are addressed. Furthermore, the extraction of relevant parameters from the gestures as well as the integration of gesture input into our skill-based robot control architecture are outlined. Quantitative performance results based on a user study with 12 subjects and a set of 7 gestures show that even with a comparatively low spatial resolution of the sensor (20mm) average accuracies of over 90% can be obtained.
Extraction and immediate placement of root analogue zirconia implants: an overview (2011)

Dental implants constitute a well-established approach for replacement of lost teeth with titanium being the most favored material for implantation. However, titanium has its limitations in esthetically demanding cases and neither the form nor material of such implants has changed much over the past 40 years. Immediate implantation has been introduced to overcome the disadvantages of conventional implantation which in turn has many disadvantages owing to the incongruence of the implant to the extraction socket. Today, there is scientific evidence that zirconia dental implants osseointegrate well and offer many advantages over titanium implants. The successful use of zirconia ceramics in orthopedic surgery led to a demand for dental zirconium-based implant systems. Because of its excellent biomechanical characteristics, biocompatibility, and bright tooth-like color, zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO2) has the potential to become a substitute for titanium as dental implant material. In addition, there are previous reports on the successful use of Zirconia as root-analogue implants by reproducing the contours of the extracted tooth. This article presents an overview of the technique of using root analogue zirconia dental implants as an immediate implantation material which are replicas of the extracted tooth and therefore truly anatomical and socket friendly.