gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new screen for protein interactions reveals that the <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> high mobility group proteins Nhp6A/B are involved in the regulation of the GAL1 promoter (2000)

The split-ubiquitin assay detects protein interactions in vivo. To identify proteins interacting with Gal4p and Tup1p, two transcriptional regulators, we converted the split-ubiquitin assay into a generally applicable screen for binding partners of specific proteins in vivo. A library of genomic Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA fragments fused to the N-terminal half of ubiquitin was constructed and transformed into yeast strains carrying either Gal4p or Tup1p as a bait. Both proteins were C-terminally extended by the C-terminal half of ubiquitin followed by a modified Ura3p with an arginine in position 1, a destabilizing residue in the N-end rule pathway. The bait fusion protein alone is stable and enzymatically active. However, upon interaction with its prey, a native-like ubiquitin is reconstituted. RUra3p is then cleaved off by the ubiquitin-specific proteases and rapidly degraded by the N-end rule pathway. In both screens, Nhp6B was identified as a protein in close proximity to Gal4p as well as to Tup1p. Direct interaction between either protein and Nhp6B was confirmed by coprecipitation assays. Genetic analysis revealed that Nhp6B, a member of the HMG1 family of DNA-binding proteins, can influence transcriptional activation as well as repression at a specific locus in the chromosome of the yeast S. cerevisiae.
World soybean research : proceedings of the world soybean research conference (1976)

World soybean research: proceedings of the World Soybean Research Conference , World soybean research: proceedings of the World Soybean Research Conference , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Microcavity Lasing from Block Peptide Hierarchically Assembled Quantum Dot Spherical Resonators (2003)

Quantum dot (QD) resonators for microcavity lasing applications were successfully synthesized by a single system diblock copolypeptide mediated process. Using specifically tailored block peptides and nanoparticles, we present here the cooperative assembly of cadmium selenide (CdSe) QDs and silica nanoparticles into 3-dimensional microcavities with a high QD volume fraction. These hollow QD microspheres are a perfect combination of both quantum and optical confinement, in which the electronic states of the 3-dimensional confined semiconductor nanocrystals are coupled to the photonic states of the spherical microcavity. We show that the specific interaction between the mode properties of the cavity with the emission of its QD building blocks leads to room-temperature microcavity lasing without the use of additional mirrors, substrate spheres, or gratings.
Shape control of microchannels fabricated in fused silica by femtosecond laser irradiation and chemical etching (2009)

We report on the fabrication of shape-controlled microchannels in fused silica by femtosecond laser irradiation at 600 kHz repetition rate followed by chemical etching. The shape control is achieved by suitable wobbling of the glass substrate during the irradiation process. Cylindrical microchannels with uniform cross-sections are demonstrated with an unprecedented length of 4 mm. Some applications are also addressed: connection of two microchannels with a smaller one, 3D microchannel adapter and fabrication of O-grooves for easy fiber-to-waveguide coupling.
Development of voltage-activated potassium currents in cultured cerebellar granule neurons under different growth conditions (1995)

1. The functional expression of two potassium currents in cultured cerebellar granule cells was investigated with the whole cell patch-clamp technique in relation to development and growth condition. Cells were grown in medium containing different concentrations of potassium: 25 mM (K25) and 40 mM (K40), together referred to as "high K+"; 10 mM (K10) or "low K+"; and K10 with 100 microM N-methyl-D-aspartate (KNMDA). All conditions are known to influence maturation and survival of granule cells in culture. 2. At 2 days in vitro (DIV) the membrane capacitance, taken as index of membrane surface area, was the same for cells grown in each growth condition. At 7-9 DIV it had increased in each condition, but to a substantially larger extent in cells grown in KNMDA, K25, and K40 than in cells grown in K10. During development the input resistance only decreased in cells grown in KNMDA and high K+. 3. A delayed potassium current (IK) and a fast transient potassium current (IA) could both be recorded at 2 DIV in each growth condition, although a few neurons only expressed the IK. The IK was partially suppressed by tetraethylammonium (5 mM), whereas IA was predominantly sensitive to 4-aminopyridine (5 mM). 4. Normalized for cell capacitance, the specific IA conductance hardly changed during development in cells grown in high K+ and KNMDA. Cells in K10, however, displayed an IA with totally different properties in 23 of 24 cells; the specific IA conductance in these cells was considerably smaller at 7-9 DIV, suggesting a deletion of these channels during development.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Repair of pre-mRNA splicing (2010)

Recent analyses of complete genomes have revealed that alternative splicing became more prevalent and important during eukaryotic evolution. Alternative splicing augments the protein repertoire--particularly that of the human genome--and plays an important role in the development and function of differentiated cell types. However, splicing is also extremely vulnerable, and defects in the proper recognition of splicing signals can give rise to a variety of diseases. In this review, we discuss splicing correction therapies, by using the inherited disease Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) as an example. This lethal early childhood disorder is caused by deletions or other severe mutations of SMN1, a gene coding for the essential survival of motoneurons protein. A second gene copy present in humans and few non-human primates, SMN2, can only partly compensate for the defect because of a single nucleotide change in exon 7 that causes this exon to be skipped in the majority of mRNAs. Thus SMN2 is a prime therapeutic target for SMA. In recent years, several strategies based on small molecule drugs, antisense oligonucleotides or in vivo expressed RNAs have been developed that allow a correction of SMN2 splicing. For some of these, a therapeutic benefit has been demonstrated in mouse models for SMA. This means that clinical trials of such splicing therapies for SMA may become possible in the near future.
Management of Anticoagulation before and after Elective Surgery (1997)

The most common indications for warfarin therapy are atrial fibrillation, the presence of a mechanical heart valve, and venous thromboembolism.1,2 Treatment with warfarin presents a problem if patients with these indications need surgery, because the interruption of anticoagulant therapy increases the risk of thromboembolism. After warfarin therapy is discontinued, it takes several days for its antithrombotic effect to recede, and when it is resumed, several days are needed to reestablish therapeutic anticoagulation.There is no consensus on the appropriate perioperative management of anticoagulation for patients who have been receiving long-term warfarin therapy. Rational decisions about the treatment of such . . .
Guessing subject to distortion (1998)

We investigate the problem of guessing a random vector X within distortion level D. Our aim is to characterize the best attainable performance in the sense of minimizing, in some probabilistic sense, the number of required guesses G(X) until the error falls below D. The underlying motivation is that G(X) is the number of candidate codewords to be examined by a rate-distortion block encoder until a satisfactory codeword is found. In particular, for memoryless sources, we provide a single-letter characterization of the least achievable exponential growth rate of the /spl rho/th moment of G(X) as the dimension of the random vector X grows without bound. In this context, we propose an asymptotically optimal guessing scheme that is universal both with respect to the information source and the value of /spl rho/. We then study some properties of the exponent function E(D, /spl rho/) along with its relation to the source-coding exponents. Finally, we provide extensions of our main results to the Gaussian case, guessing with side information, and sources with memory.
IDH mutation status is associated with distinct vascular gene expression signatures in lower-grade gliomas (2018)

IDH wild-type LGG vessels are molecularly distinct from the vasculature of IDH-mutated LGGs. TGFβ and hypoxia-related signaling pathways may be potential targets for anti-angiogenic therapy of IDH wild-type LGG.
Trade-offs between speed and processor in hard-deadline scheduling (1999)

This paper revisits the problem of on-line scheduling of sequential jobs with hard deadlines in a preemptive, multiprocessor setting. An on-line scheduling algorithm is said to be optimal if it can schedule any set of jobs to meet their deadlines whenever it is feasible in the off-line sense. It is known that the earliest-deadline-first strategy (EDF) is optimal in a one-processor setting, and there is no optimal on-line algorithm in an m-processor setting where m 2. Recent work [Phillips et al. stoc 97] however reveals that if the on-line algorithm is given faster processors, EDF is actually optimal for all m (e.g., when m = 2, it suffices to use processors 1.5 times as fast). This paper initiates the study of the trade-off between increasing the speed and using more processors in deriving optimal on-line scheduling algorithms. Several upper bound and lower bound results are presented. For example, the speed requirement of EDF can be reduced to 2 \\Gamma 1+p m+p when it is given p ...
Computational Lens for the Near Field (2004)

A method is presented to reconstruct the structure of a scattering object from data acquired with a photon scanning tunneling microscope. The data may be understood to form a Gabor type near-field hologram and are obtained at a distance from the sample where the field is defocused and normally uninterpretable. Object structure is obtained by the solution of the inverse scattering problem within the accuracy of a perturbative, two-dimensional model of the object.
A Head Impact Model of Early Axonal Injury in the Sheep (1996)

Axonal injury (AI), one of the principal determinants of clinical outcome after head injury, may evolve over several hours after injury, raising the future possibility of therapeutic intervention during this period. A new head impact model of AI in sheep was developed to examine pathological and physiological changes in the brain resulting from a graded traumatic insult. In this preliminary study 10 anesthetized and ventilated Merino ewes were used. Head injury was produced by impact from a humane stunner to the temporal region of an unrestrained head. Eight sheep were studied for 1, 2, 4, or 6 h after impact. Two sham animals (no impact, 6 h survival) were also examined. Arterial blood pressure, intracranial pressure, and cerebral blood flow were monitored continuously. A physiological index of injury severity was calculated by weighting the percentage shift from preinjury values for each monitored parameter over the first hour after injury. Immunostaining with amyloid precursor protein (APP) was used as a marker of axonal damage and the distribution of APP positive axons was recorded according to a sector scoring method (APPS). Widespread AI was identified in 7 of the 8 impacted animals, around cerebral contusions and in hemispheric white matter, central gray matter, brain stem, and cerebellum, and was detected as early as 1 h after injury. The degree of axonal injury (APPS) correlated well with an index of physiological response to injury (r = 0.83, p = 0.005).
Infestation by Aquatic Weeds of the Fern Genus<i>Salvinia</i>: Its Status and Control (1986)

The paper starts with a report on the growing predominance of aquatic weeds of the genus Salvinia in the waterbodies of the world. The various ways in which Salvinia molesta , particularly, causes pollution and depletion water resources are then reviewed, as are the attempts made so far to control and eradicate Salvinia through chemical, biological, and mechanical, means. It is shown not only that these attempts have failed to achieve their purpose but also that there are possibilities of environmental backlashes being caused by the introduction of chemicals or bioagents into the environment. The importance developing environmentally safe methods of utilization Salvinia has been stressed, so that the cost of mechanical removal of the weed can be offset by the profits earned through its utilization.
Intrachannel pulse interactions in dispersion-managed transmission systems: energy transfer (2002)

Energy transfer between adjacent pulses as a result of nonlinear intrachannel interactions in a transmission system with strong periodic dispersion management is analyzed. With small average dispersion, the energy change between nonzero bits grows linearly with respect to distance in the presence of loss and lumped amplification, whereas in a lossless system the energy change is found to be significantly suppressed. The analytical results compare favorably with the results of direct numerical simulation of the full system.
A New Approach for Optimization of Wavelength Multiplexers with Phased Waveguide Arrays by Use of the Beam Propagation Method (1995)

An approach to the optimization of wavelength multiplexers with phased waveguide arrays is presented. It is based on a simulation of the structure by the beam propagation method. The approach takes into account not only the symmetry of the structure but also the perturbations due to both emitted radiation and coupling between the waveguides at the ends of the phased waveguide array. Low-loss cosine-shaped bends are used. Both the design principles and the optimization of real wavelength multiplexers are described. The optimized multiplexers, based on silica waveguides on a silicon substrate, have sizes of about 50 mm 2 30 mm, fibre-to-fibre losses of 1–2 dB and cross-talk values between m 40 and m 29 dB.
Deep neural networks for automated detection of marine mammal species (2020)

Deep neural networks have advanced the field of detection and classification and allowed for effective identification of signals in challenging data sets. Numerous time-critical conservation needs may benefit from these methods. We developed and empirically studied a variety of deep neural networks to detect the vocalizations of endangered North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis). We compared the performance of these deep architectures to that of traditional detection algorithms for the primary vocalization produced by this species, the upcall. We show that deep-learning architectures are capable of producing false-positive rates that are orders of magnitude lower than alternative algorithms while substantially increasing the ability to detect calls. We demonstrate that a deep neural network trained with recordings from a single geographic region recorded over a span of days is capable of generalizing well to data from multiple years and across the species' range, and that the low false positives make the output of the algorithm amenable to quality control for verification. The deep neural networks we developed are relatively easy to implement with existing software, and may provide new insights applicable to the conservation of endangered species.
Complementing user-level coarse-grain parallelism with implicit speculative parallelism (2011)

Multi-core and many-core systems are the norm in contemporary processor technology and are expected to remain so for the foreseeable future. Programs using parallel programming primitives like PThreads or OpenMP often exploit coarse-grain parallelism, because it offers a good trade-off between programming effort versus performance gain. Some parallel applications show limited or no scaling beyond a number of cores. Given the abundant number of cores expected in future many-cores, several cores would remain idle in such cases while execution performance stagnates. This paper proposes using cores that do not contribute to performance improvement for running implicit fine-grain speculative threads. In particular, we present a many-core architecture and protocol that allow applications with coarse-grain explicit parallelism to further exploit implicit speculative parallelism within each thread. Implicit speculative parallelism frees the programmer from the additional effort to explicitly partition the work into finer and properly synchronized tasks. Our results show that, for a many-core comprising of 128 cores supporting implicit speculative parallelism in clusters of 2 or 4 cores, performance improves on top of the highest scalability point by 41% on average for the 4-core cluster and by 27% on average for the 2-core cluster. These performance improvements come with an energy consumption that is close to -- and sometimes better than -- the baseline. This approach often leads to better performance and energy efficiency compared to existing alternatives such as Core Fusion and Frequency Boosting. We also investigate the tradeoffs between explicit and implicit threads as input dataset sizes vary. Finally, we present a dynamic mechanism to choose the number of explicit and implicit threads, which performs within 6% of the static oracle selection of threads.
Exploring Hotspots of Drug Offences in Toronto: A Comparison of Four Local Spatial Cluster Detection Methods (2013)

Spatial cluster detection is an exploratory spatial data analysis technique that identifies areas or groups of areas with disproportionately high risk. Several local cluster detection methods have been developed; yet no research has critiqued these methods as they contribute to spatial studies of crime. This study aims to identify the locations of drug offence hotspots in Toronto and compare the clusters detected through four methods: (1) spatial scan statistic – Euclidean distance, (2) spatial scan statistic – non-Euclidean contiguity, (3) flexibly shaped scan statistic, and (4) local Moran's I. It was found that all methods detected clusters in the downtown, with fewer methods detecting clusters in the west and east of Toronto. It was observed that the spatial scan statistic detected the largest and most circular clusters, making it a suitable tool to inform general policing initiatives and highlight possible variables to be included in confirmatory research. The local Moran's I method, in contrast, found the smallest and most compact clusters, indicating that it is an appropriate test for identifying areas where resource intensive crime prevention and policing efforts should be targeted.
RESISTANCE OF NORMAL OR IMMUNIZED GUINEA PIGS AGAINST A SUBCUTANEOUS CHALLENGE OF BRUCELLA ABORTUS (1978)

International audience
Reactions of Tetrahydrofuran and Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate with Lithium (1979)

As part of a basic study of the secondary Li electrode, the reactions of tetrahydrofuran (THF) with Li have been evaluated. Tetrahydrofuran is reductively cleaved by Li to lithium n‐butoxide , the enolate anion of acetaldehyde, and ethylene. The anion is reduced by Li to which further reacts with to form a brown film on Li. The brown film appears to be composed of an polymer and . These products were observed to form irrespective of electrolyte purification procedure. In fact, highly purified media reacted most readily with Li presumably due to the absence of protective film‐forming gases such as and . Extended preelectrolysis of electrolytes formed large amounts of basic material, as expected. The same experiment performed on electrolyte revealed essentially no change in the medium's pH. Apparently, the from and the basic material from THF degradation effectively neutralize each other. A mechanism which accounts for Li‐cyclic ether reactivity is proposed.
Investigation of titanium corrosion in concentrated NaOH solutions (2002)

The rate of both spontaneous and polarization assisted formation of oxide films on commercially grade titanium, DIN 3.7025, was studied in concentrated, 1–5M NaOH solutions, with particular attention to the early stages of oxide formation. Simultaneous chemical dissolution of oxides was considered. The rate of spontaneous oxide formation was examined with cyclic voltammetry as an in-situ method. The shape of potentiodynamic curves recorded in different alkaline solutions indicated that the electrolyte concentration affects the oxide composition. Titanium electrodes were covered with oxide films of different thickness, and the time dependence of polarization resistance was measured under a fixed anodic polarization. The polarization resistance may either increase or decrease tending to attain a stationary value, which, for a fixed polarization, depends on both the initial thickness and the NaOH concentration. Untersuchungen der Titankorrosion in konzentrierten NaOH-Lösungen Die Geschwindigkeit von sowohl spontaner als auch durch Polarisation unterstützter Bildung von Oxidfilmen auf handelsüblichem Titan, DIN 3.7025, wurde in konzentrierten 1–5M NaOH-Lösungen untersucht, wobei insbesondere die frühen Stadien der Oxidbildung interessierten. Die gleichzeitige chemische Auflösung der Oxide wurde berücksichtigt. Die Geschwindigkeit der spontanen Oxidbildung wurde mittels zyklischer Voltammetrie als in-situ Methode untersucht. Die Form der in verschiedenen alkalischen Lösungen aufgenommenen potentiodynamischen Kurven deuten an, dass die Elektrolytkonzentration die Oxidzusammensetzung beeinflusst. Die Titanelektroden waren mit Oxidschichten verschiedener Dicken bedeckt und die Zeitabhängigkeit des Polarisationswiderstandes wurde bei einer festgelegten anodischen Polarisation gemessen. Der Polarisationswiderstand kann entweder abnehmen oder ansteigen und strebt dann einem stationären Wert zu, der für eine vorgegebene Polarisation sowohl von der Anfangsdicke als auch von der NaOH Konzentration abhängt.
Improved Devices for the Concentration of Ultrasonic Energy (1949)

The efficiency of all existing devices for the concentration of ultrasonic energy is considerably lowered by the losses cause by reflection, absorption, and diffraction. These losses, though generally unavoidable, can be minimized in various ways. The choice of suitable materials, use of “matching coatings,” design of “stepped lenses,” and development of “acceleration plates” will be discussed, samples of the improved devices shown and numerical and experimental data given.