gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reversal by Gene Knockdown of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Activities in Live Animal Brains (2009)

The involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activities in the development of abnormal water diffusion in the brain after cardiac arrest is not fully understood. We used magnetic resonance imaging to determine the correlation between MMP-9 activity and the mechanism of abnormal water diffusion after global cerebral ischemia (GCI)-induced brain damage in C57black6 mice. We induced GCI in mice by occluding both carotid arteries for 60 min, then allowing reperfusion. We labeled a short DNA that targets mmp-9 mRNA activity [phosphorothioate-modified oligodeoxynucleotide (sODN)-mmp9] or a control probe without intracellular target (sODN-Ran) with iron-based MR contrast agent [superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-mmp9 or SPION-Ran] or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-sODN-mmp9 or FITC-sODN-Ran; we then delivered these probes by intracerebroventricular infusion or intraperitoneal injection within 3 h of reperfusion. At low dose (120 pmol/kg) the SPION-mmp9 probe was retained at significant levels in the striatum and cortex of living brains 10 h after GCI. Probe retention was validated by similar elevation of mmp-9 mRNA and antigens in postmortem samples taken from regions that exhibited GCI-induced hyperintensity in diffusion-weighted imaging, and a significant reduction in apparent diffusion coefficient (rADC, p = 0.0006, n = 12). At a higher dose (120 nmol/kg), the FITC-sODN-mmp9 probe revealed significant knockdown of MMP-9 activity, per zymography, and a reversal of striatal rADC (p = 0.004, n = 6). These observations were not duplicated in the control group. We conclude that expression of mmp-9 mRNA is associated with abnormal ADC after GCI.
The Polygraph Test — A Flawed Diagnostic Method (1992)

Several highly publicized episodes illustrate our continuing faith as a society in a flawed diagnostic test. In May, Roger Coleman, a convicted murderer who vociferously maintained his innocence, was executed in Virginia after failing a polygraph test conducted on the morning of his execution. The same month, Caspar Weinberger, the former Secretary of Defense, used a polygraph test to support his claim that he never lied to protect former president Ronald Reagan in the Iran—Contra scandal. In June, a federal grand jury indicted Weinberger on felony counts of perjury, obstruction of justice, and making false statements related to the scandal. . . .
Transfer Hydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenolysis VII. The Mechanism of Hydrogen Transfer from 2-Propanol to Olefins Catalyzed by Dihydridotetrakis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) (1975)

Abstract The dihydride complex, RuH2(PPh3)4, has been found to be an excellent catalyst for the hydrogen transfer from 2-propanol to olefins. For cyclohexene in toluene solution, the rate law at 80°C was: Rate=\frac0.04[C]_o[D]1+24[P] where [C]0, [D] and [P] are the concentration of the catalyst, 2-propanol and triphenylphosphine, respectively. It is pressumed that active intermediates of the reaction are not Ru(IV)-species but Ru(0)-species. The rate determining step of the reaction is inferred to be the dehydrogenation of 2-propanol, that is, the hydrogen transfer from the alcohol to Ru(0)-complex to form a hydride complex by oxidative addition.
TURBINE OILS and Turbine Lubricating Oil Systems (1953)

During recent years many outstanding papers have been given on the subject of steam turbine lubrication with particular reference to the development of modern inhibited turbine oils. This series of articles will supplement this work. Particular attention is paid to practical aspects such as descriptions of typical oil systems, their cleaning and maintenance, and also interpretation of laboratory test results.
[Assessment left and right ventricular functions by cine magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers]. (2006)

The present study suggests that cine MR imaging is well applicable to left and right ventricular function and RV volume measurements.
A Novel QoS Framework and Routing Scheme (2010)

Quality of service should be maintained in the next generation network for real time communication and multimedia transmission. There is no unified quality of service scheme. The framework and routing scheme are the basis of such network and the performance of quality of service are mainly determined by the framework and routing scheme. In this paper, a novel network framework composed of general nodes layer and super nodes layer and routing scheme based on virtual circuit are presented to improve the effectiveness of quality of service. Simulation results have shown that the proposed framework is valid and the proposed routing scheme reduces the routing complexity achieved by traditional scheme by about 40%.
TnphoA Salmonella abortusovis mutants unable to adhere to epithelial cells and with reduced virulence in mice (1993)

Salmonella abortusovis is a pathogenic bacterium highly specific to sheep, causing spontaneous abortion. In order to understand the role of genes involved in pathogenicity, we investigated S. abortusovis with the random mutagenic TnphoA transposon. A total of 95 S. abortusovis TnphoA mutants yielding alkaline phosphatase active fusion protein were obtained. In this way we created a bank of strains in order to identify any phenotypic modification which could affect the periplasmic and/or exported proteins involved in virulence. The TnphoA mutants were screened for the ability to adhere to epithelial cells: a total of 23 mutant strains lost this phenotypic feature. To detect the chromosomal TnphoA insertions, DNA was restricted by the enzyme EcoRV, which does not cleave the TnphoA sequence. Southern blotting analysis revealed the existence of four classes of integration. Colonies of adhesiveless mutants appear to be as smooth as the S. abortusovis wild type, and electrophoretic analysis indicates a normal lipopolysaccharide profile. To identify mutations affecting genes encoding for outer membrane proteins (OMPs), the alkaline phosphatase portion of the fusion proteins was revealed in TnphoA mutants by immunoblotting with specific antibodies. A mutation in OMPs was detected in seven mutants. Restriction analysis identified in four mutants a common region of 2 kb where alterations in genes coding for OMPs occur. We suggested that this region is involved in pathogenicity in mice, since a group of mutant strains has shown reduced virulence in mice and one mutant is completely avirulent. Furthermore, after mice were exposed orally to these mutants, significant protection against oral challenge with the parental virulent strain resulted.
Amplification and compression of weak picosecond optical pulses by using semiconductor-laser amplifiers (1989)

A novel pulse-compression scheme is proposed and demonstrated for compressing weak picosecond pulses having energies as small as 0.1 pJ. A semiconductor-laser amplifier is shown to impose a nearlylinear frequency chirp on the pulse as a result of self-phase modulation occurring because of gain-saturation-induced index changes. The amplified chirped pulse can be compressed by passing it through a dispersive delay line. The theory shows that, depending on the operating conditions, the pulse width can be reduced by a factor of ~2-4 and the peak power can be enhanced by a factor of ~10-100. The preliminary experimental results are in agreement with theory.
Research on tumors of digestive system by Raman spectroscopy (2009)

In this review,some recent advances of Roman spectroscopy on tumors of Digestive system are summarized,including stomach cancer,intestinal cancer and esophagus cancer,and many successful examples are also quoted here.In addition,we also predicted the further application and development of Raman spectroscopy on tumor detection.
The GTPase-Activating Protein of Ras Suppresses Platelet-Derived Growth Factor β Receptor Signaling by Silencing Phospholipase C-γ1 (1995)

The beta receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (beta PDGFR) is activated by binding of PDGF and undergoes phosphorylation at multiple tyrosine residues. The tyrosine-phosphorylated receptor associates with numerous SH2-domain-containing proteins which include phospholipase C-gamma 1 (PLC gamma), the GTPase-activating protein of Ras (GAP), the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), the phosphotyrosine phosphatase Syp, and several other proteins. Our previous studies indicated that PI3K and PLC gamma were required for relay of the mitogenic signal of beta PDGFR, whereas GAP and Syp did not appear to be required for this response. In this study, we further investigated the role of GAP and Syp in mitogenic signaling by beta PDGFR. Focusing on the PLC gamma-dependent branch of beta PDGFR signaling, we constructed a series of mutant beta PDGFRs that contained the binding sites for pairs of the receptor-associated proteins: PLC gamma and PI3K, PLC gamma and GAP, or PLC gamma and Syp. Characterization of these mutants showed that while all receptors were catalytically active and bound similar amounts of PLC gamma, they differed dramatically in their ability to initiate DNA synthesis. This signaling deficiency related to an inability to efficiently tyrosine phosphorylate and activate PLC gamma. Surprisingly, the crippled receptor was the one that recruited PLC gamma and GAP. Thus, GAP functions to suppress signal relay by the beta PDGFR, and it does so by silencing PLC gamma. These findings demonstrate that the biological response to PDGF depends not only on the ability of the beta PDGFR to recruit signal relay enzymes but also on the blend of these receptor-associated proteins.
The effect of body weight compression on axillo-femoral by-pass patency. (1988)

The influence of external compression on extra-anatomic bypass patency is still debated. The specific purpose of this study is the evaluation of ankle Pressure Index (P.I.) and Pulse Volume Recorder (P.V.R.) wave amplitude changes after 5 and 10 minutes of external bypass compression by body weight, lying on the side of the reconstruction. Eight patients with axillo-femoral bypass (mean follow-up 15.5 months) have been evaluated. The external body weight compression caused important changes of graft haemodynamics: (1) decrease in ankle Pressure Index at 5 min (p less than 0.005) or 10 min (p less than 0.0005); (2) decrease in P.V.R. wave amplitude at 5 min (p less than 0.005) and 10 min (p less than 0.025).
Neuroprotective effects of Liriope platyphylla extract against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells (2015)

Current findings suggest that LPE exerts neuroprotective effects against H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death by modulating p38 activation in SH-SY5Y cells. Therefore, LPE has potential anti-apoptotic effects that may be neuroprotective in neurodegenerative diseases and aging-related dementia.
Efficient Encoding of Colored Pictures in R, G, B Components (1984)

The encoding of colored pictures in components has attracted a lot of attention. In this paper, for their efficient transmission in the 2-3 bit/pel range, the direct encoding of the red ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</tex> ), green ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</tex> ), and blue ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</tex> ) primaries is investigated. Differential PCM with vector quantization is used and the encoding efficiencies are compared to the similar result obtained using the properly converted luminance ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Y</tex> ) and chrominance ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I,Q</tex> ) component signals. A new quantization scheme is proposed for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RGB</tex> encoding to improve the picture quality. As a result, it is shown that <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RGB</tex> encoding can attain a comparable or slightly higher encoding efficiency as compared to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">YIQ</tex> encoding, and a higher resolution can be obtained for strong color edges defined by the primary colors, but the resulting picture quality is much noisier; thus, it is better suited for such applications in which the edges of primary colors play important roles, such as in graphics materials. An adaptive vector quantization is introduced in order to apply the proposed <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RGB</tex> encoding scheme to a wider range of pictures. The quantity called activity is introduced, considering the form of the predictor used. The optimum adaptive scheme is derived and its effectiveness is verified through simulations.
Use of Base in Fluids for Counting Eosinophils (1950)

Journal Article Use of Base in Fluids for Counting Eosinophils: A Method for Staining Eosinophils* Get access Martin L. Pilot, M.D. Martin L. Pilot, M.D. From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 20, Issue 9_ts, September 1950, Pages 870–871, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/20.9_ts.870 Published: 01 September 1950 Article history Received: 23 May 1950 Published: 01 September 1950
A Simple, Positive Semi-Definite, Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariance Matrix (1987)

This paper describes a simple method of calculating a heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix that is positive semi-definite by construction. It also establishes consistency of the estimated covariance matrix under fairly general conditions.
Antifungal Drug Development: Challenges, Unmet Clinical Needs, and New Approaches (2014)

Invasive, life-threatening fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly for patients with compromised immune function. The number of therapeutic options for the treatment of invasive fungal infections is quite limited when compared with those available to treat bacterial infections. Indeed, only three classes of molecules are currently used in clinical practice and only one new class of antifungal drugs has been developed in the last 30 years. Here we summarize the unmet clinical needs of current antifungal therapy, discuss challenges inherent to antifungal drug discovery and development, and review recent developments aimed at addressing some of these challenges.
A Microphysiologic Platform for Human Fat: Sandwiched White Adipose Tissue (2018)

White adipose tissue (WAT) plays a crucial role in regulating weight and everyday health. Still, there are significant limitations to available primary culture models, all of which have failed to faithfully recapitulate the adipose microenvironment or extend WAT viability beyond two weeks. The lack of a reliable primary culture model severely impedes research in WAT metabolism and drug development. To this end we have utilized NIH's standards of a microphysiologic system to develop a novel platform for WAT primary culture called 'SWAT' (sandwiched white adipose tissue). We overcome the natural buoyancy of adipocytes by sandwiching minced WAT clusters between sheets of adipose-derived stromal cells. In this construct, WAT samples are viable over eight weeks in culture. SWAT maintains the intact ECM, cell-to-cell contacts, and physical pressures of in vivo WAT conditions; additionally, SWAT maintains a robust transcriptional profile, sensitivity to exogenous chemical signaling, and whole tissue function. SWAT represents a simple, reproducible, and effective method of primary adipose culture. Potentially, it is a broadly applicable platform for research in WAT physiology, pathophysiology, metabolism, and pharmaceutical development.
Bimetallic Ethylene Tetramerization Catalysts Derived from Chiral DPPDME Ligands: Syntheses, Structural Characterizations, and Catalytic Performance of [(DPPDME)CrCl<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub> (DPPDME = <i>S</i>,<i>S</i>- and <i>R</i>,<i>R</i>-chiraphos and <i>meso</i>-achiraphos) (2010)

Chromium-based ethylene tetramerization catalyst precursors of the type {(DPPME)CrCl2(μ-Cl)}2 with a chiraphos ligand backbone [DPPME = {Ar(R1R2)}2PCH(CH3)CH(CH3)P{Ar(R1R2)}2] were prepared and characterized, in which substituents on the aryl phosphine varied with electron-donating and -withdrawing groups (S,S-ArR1 = H, R2 = H 1; R,R-ArR1 = H, R2 = H 2; meso-ArR1 = H, R2 = H 3; S,S-ArR1 = Me, R2 = H 4; S,S-ArR1 = OMe, R2 = H 5; S,S-ArR1 = H, R2 = Me 6; S,S-ArR1 = H, R2 = OMe 7; S,S-ArR1 = H, R2 = F 8). Depending on the coordination of chiraphos or achiraphos ligands, the corresponding bimetallic chromium complexes were prepared from the reaction of CrCl3(THF)3. S,S- and R,R-Chiraphos-based chromium metal complexes, 9 and 10, were crystallographically characterized to be dimeric, bridged by two chlorine ligands, whereas a meso achiraphos ligand resulted in a monomeric chromium complex, 17, when crystallized in acetonitrile. The observed average Cr−P bond distances of 9 [2.491(1) Å] and 10 [2.489(2) Å] were shorter than those found in 17 [2.512(1) Å]. The bite angles of 9 and 10 [79.45(6)° and 79.91(8)°] were also smaller than those of 17 [82.06(5)°]. Isolated chiraphos-based Cr(III) precursors, 9−16, exhibited enhanced ethylene tetramerization activities in the range 274−2,256 kg/g Cr/h when 30 bar of ethylene was engaged in the presence of MMAO-12A. Further, methyl substitution at the para-position of the phenyl group on the S,S-chiraphos ligand produced the expected chromium dimer, [CrCl2(μ-Cl){(P,P)-κ2-(S,S-DPPDME-6)}]2 (14), and exhibited higher catalytic performance, reaching a 1-octene activity of 2256 kg/g Cr/h with 51.1% selectivity at 45 °C. Further, temperature control at 25 °C increased 1-octene selectivity to 77.4% at the expense of reduced activity of 580 kg/g Cr/h. DFT calculations on the seven-membered metallacycle intermediates suggested stronger Cr−P bonding with a S,S-/R,R-chiraphos ligand backbone, and this interaction can be related to the enhanced catalytic performance.
Gas phase polysulfide passivation of InP for MISFET fabrication (2002)

Gas phase polysulfide passivation of InP was studied and used to improve the electrical properties of metal-insulator-semiconductor structures and metal-insulator-semiconductor field effect transistors (MISFETs). The gas phase polysulfide treatment was used successfully to reduce the interface state density of silicon nitride/InP. MISFETs with a slow drain current drift were fabricated. The results indicate that both depletion mode and accumulation-depletion mode InP MISFETs can be fabricated with a useful drain current.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Qualification of SnAg solder bumps for lead-free flip chip applications (2004)

Lead-free solder bumps as first level flip chip interconnections are still new to the semiconductor industry. Before products can confidently use this new material extensive qualification tests have to be performed to ensure that the bumps meet all requirements. The latter relate both to the subsequent flip chip assembly process and to the reliability of the interconnections under product specific operating conditions. Reliability tests have to take into account all kinds of stress that can lead to degradation of the solder bump interconnects and reduce their lifetime. The results obtained from these tests allow us to set the application range for the electroplated SnAg bumps that are investigated here. Bump quality and homogeneity was assessed on wafer level by optical inspection and shear tests. Reliability after various stress conditions, mainly determined by temperature and electric current, was checked on wafer level but mostly on the assembled system including chip pad and substrate pad. The assembled bumps were studied using electric resistance measurements and physical analysis. Results obtained from the various tests give evidence of the high maturity of these lead-free bumps, which would allow them to replace eutectic SnPb in most applications.
Isolation and identification for trans-4-(methylthio)-3-butenyl glucosinolate from radish roots (Raphanus sativus L.) (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation and identification for trans-4-(methylthio)-3-butenyl glucosinolate from radish roots (Raphanus sativus L.)Manuela. Visentin, Aldo. Tava, Renato. Iori, and Sandro. PalmieriCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1992, 40, 9, 1687–1691Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00021a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views800Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (526 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investment-Grade Compressed Air System Audit, Analysis, and Upgrade in a Pulp and Paper Mill (2000)

An investment-grade compressed air audit, analysis, design, and upgrade in an industrial facility requires a thorough understudying of original design basis, current problem definition, goal settings, load assessment, base case model development, and an ability to conduct unlimited "what if' analysis to determine the cost-effective efficiency improvement measures. Most successful projects are justified using energy savings and non-energy benefits. A life-cycle cost analysis will help the customer focus on cost of owning, operating, and maintaining the compressed air motor system over it's useful life. A software application that easily integrates and calculates interactive impact of process and mechanical variables on electric power use would be of immense help in conducting such "systems analysis" of motor systems. This article presents a real-life successful project, with an investment of about $0.75 million dollars, documented energy savings of 2,935,000 kWh/year, and other non-energy benefits that eventually justified the project.