gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using plate heat exchanger (PHE) for totally enclosed air-to-air cooled (TEAAC) motor (2016)

Traditionally, totally enclosed air-to-air cooled (TEAAC) motors have used tubular heat exchangers as means to dissipate internal heat. Today, many tubular heat exchangers used in TEAAC are optimized to achieve high heat transfer rates but are ultimately limited by the air flow configuration inside the motor that uses one part counter flow and one part parallel flow. This leads to poor heat exchanger efficiency and significantly uneven temperature difference between the drive end (DE) and non-drive end (NDE) of the motor. A comparison test has been made between traditional tubular TEAAC and a plate heat exchanger (PHE) with a symmetric internal flow configuration. Unlike the asymmetric cooling of the tubular heat exchanger, the symmetric flow along with the two-step cross flow used in PHE provides an efficient and uniform cooling on DE and NDE. Until now, PHE has been largely used in heat recovery for heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) and closed-circuit cooling in applications such as telecom cabinets and wind turbine generators. It offers a tremendous weight and size advantage due to its compactness. However, PHE may not be suitable for every application due to certain limitations of the technology. The paper will discuss the design, test comparison and the feasibility of this technology in motor applications.
DURANTE 1994 EN LA UNIVERSIDAD HUBO 110 PROFESORES EMERITOS (1995)

EN LA REUNION ANUAL DE PROFESORES E INVESTIGADORES EMERITOS DE LA UNAM, CELEBRADA EN LA UNIDAD DE SEMINARIOS IGNACIO CHAVEZ EL 9 DE MAYO, EL RECTOR JOSE SARUKHAN SENALO QUE EN 1994 EL NUMERO DE PROFESORES EMERITOS DE LA MAXIMA CASA DE ESTUDIOS LLEGO A 110 Y QUE SOLO EL 12 POR CIENTO DE ELLOS SON MUJERES; SIN EMBARGO, SENALO QUE AL PARECER LAS MUJERES TIENEN UN DESEMPENO ACADEMICO MUCHO MAS APRECIABLE QUE LOS HOMBRES.
<i>LONO1</i>Encoding a Nucleoporin Is Required for Embryogenesis and Seed Viability in Arabidopsis       (2012)

Early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is distinguished by a predictable pattern of cell divisions and is a good system for investigating mechanisms of developmental pattern formation. Here, we identified a gene called LONO1 (LNO1) in Arabidopsis in which mutations can abolish the first asymmetrical cell division of the zygote, alter planes and number of cell divisions in early embryogenesis, and eventually arrest embryo development. LNO1 is highly expressed in anthers of flower buds, stigma papilla of open flowers, and embryo and endosperm during early embryogenesis, which is correlated with its functions in reproductive development. The homozygous lno1-1 seed is not viable. LNO1, a homolog of the nucleoporin NUP214 in human (Homo sapiens) and Nup159 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), encodes a nucleoporin protein containing phenylalanine-glycine repeats in Arabidopsis. We demonstrate that LNO1 can functionally complement the defect in the yeast temperature-sensitive nucleoporin mutant nup159. We show that LNO1 specifically interacts with the Arabidopsis DEAD-box helicase/ATPase LOS4 in the yeast two-hybrid assay. Furthermore, mutations in AtGLE1, an Arabidopsis homolog of the yeast Gle1 involved in the same poly(A) mRNA export pathway as Nup159, also result in seed abortion. Our results suggest that LNO1 is a component of the nuclear pore complex required for mature mRNA export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, which makes LNO1 essential for embryogenesis and seed viability in Arabidopsis.
Polymer Incarcerated Gold Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Hydroquinones and Their Derivatives (2008)

Abstract Polymer-incarcerated gold (PI Au) cluster catalysts mediated aerobic oxidation of hydroquinones and catechols to quinones very efficiently under mild conditions. The characteristic role of water in the reaction system was also observed.
Thioketone spin traps as mediating agents for free radical polymerization processes (2006)

Thioketones are demonstrated to be suitable agents for controlling free radical polymerization processes: the polymerizations carry (pseudo) living characteristics indicating that the control process is induced by a persistent radical effect.
Suramin: a novel growth factor antagonist with activity in hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer. (1992)

We conclude that suramin is an active agent in hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma.
MPIWiz (2009)

Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a widely used standard for managing coarse-grained concurrency on distributed computers. Debugging parallel MPI applications, however, has always been a particularly challenging task due to their high degree of concurrent execution and non-deterministic behavior. Deterministic replay is a potentially powerful technique for addressing these challenges, with existing MPI replay tools adopting either data-replay or order-replay approaches. Unfortunately, each approach has its tradeoffs. Data-replay generates substantial log sizes by recording every communication message. Order-replay generates small logs, but requires all processes to be replayed together. We believe that these drawbacks are the primary reasons that inhibit the wide adoption of deterministic replay as the critical enabler of cyclic debugging of MPI applications. This paper describes subgroup reproducible replay (SRR), a hybrid deterministic replay method that provides the benefits of both data-replay and order-replay while balancing their trade-offs. SRR divides all processes into disjoint groups. It records the contents of messages crossing group boundaries as in data-replay, but records just message orderings for communication within a group as in order-replay. In this way, SRR can exploit the communication locality of traffic patterns in MPI applications. During replay, developers can then replay each group individually. SRR reduces recording overhead by not recording intra-group communication, and reduces replay overhead by limiting the size of each replay group. Exposing these tradeoffs gives the user the necessary control for making deterministic replay practical for MPI applications. We have implemented a prototype, MPIWiz, to demonstrate and evaluate SRR. MPIWiz employs a replay framework that allows transparent binary instrumentation of both library and system calls. As a result, MPIWiz replays MPI applications with no source code modification and relinking, and handles non-determinism in both MPI and OS system calls. Our preliminary results show that MPIWiz can reduce recording overhead by over a factor of four relative to data-replay, yet without requiring the entire application to be replayed as in order-replay. Recording increases execution time by 27% while the application can be replayed in just 53% of its base execution time.
Metropolitan area packet-switched WDM networks: A survey on ring systems (2004)

We provide a comprehensive survey of packet-switched ring metro WDM networks. We first review current standardization and testbed activities, then we provide a categorization of ring WDM networks. We structure our survey according to a classification of the medium access control (MAC) protocols employed in the networks. Throughout the article we pay close attention to the key factors that govern the throughput-delay performance of the networks, such as the source vs. destination stripping of the data packets from the ring and the a priori or a posteriori access strategies. We also consider fairness aspects and QoS support in the networks.
Understanding the Thickening Process (2006)

The thickening process is the primary method of producing high solids slurries for the minerals industry. Thickener outputs can accommodate a range of tailings disposal options from low yield stress, easily pumped suspensions for disposal in conventional ‘wet’ tailings dams to more concentrated slurries for delivery to ‘dry disposal’ and backfill applications. The thickening process, although operated successfully in a large range of sites around the world, is poorly understood and predictive design of thickening devices is still empirical. Although predictive models of thickening do exist, the correlation to reality is often poor and there is a desperate need to bring the two together to make rational improvements to thickener design and operation. Therefore, whilst some would dismiss the models as being unacceptable for predictive design, they are very useful in formulating expected operational trends and providing an understanding of the directions one should take in improving operational performance. The aim of this article is to bring together model, laboratory and in-field results to elucidate the state of the art in understanding thickener operation from first principles.
Densities of Pure Iron, Cobalt and Nickel in the Molten State (1967)

A levitation melting technique was used to obtain the densities of liquid iron, cobalt and nickel between their melting points and 2200°C. The results are as follows:(1) The densities of liquid iron, cobalt and nickel are given by the following formulas:(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.) (2) The quotient of the entropy of fusion and the volume change on fusion (δm≡ΔSm⁄ΔVm) is nearly constant (53∼55 cal/deg). This value agrees with that of the previous data obtained on several metals.(3) An estimate of critical temperature Tc and critical density Dc of these metals was made by using well established laws (the principle of corresponding state and the law of Cailletet-Mathias etc.) and a tentative liquid range diagram of iron, cobalt and nickel was constructed on the analogy of mercury.
Supercritical Synthesis of Biodiesel (2012)

The synthesis of biodiesel fuel from lipids (vegetable oils and animal fats) has gained in importance as a possible source of renewable non-fossil energy in an attempt to reduce our dependence on petroleum-based fuels. The catalytic processes commonly used for the production of biodiesel fuel present a series of limitations and drawbacks, among them the high energy consumption required for complex purification operations and undesirable side reactions. Supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies offer an interesting alternative to conventional processes for preparing biodiesel. This review highlights the advances, advantages, drawbacks and new tendencies involved in the use of supercritical fluids (SCFs) for biodiesel synthesis.
The evaluating system of human skin surface condition by image processing (2002)

We propose an automatic evaluation system of human skin surface condition based on subjective evaluation provided by cosmeticians. In the proposed system, image features extracted on the skin image and subjective evaluation by cosmeticians are flexibly connected by using a backpropagation neural network, so that it can automatically estimate human skin surface condition based on subjective evaluation from various skin images. We show some experimental results. Using the trained neural network, human skin surface condition based on subjective evaluation is estimated for unlearned skin images. Then subjective evaluation by this system was compared with that by cosmeticians. Since the proposed system can successfully estimate human skin surface condition like cosmeticians, the effect of the system is demonstrated.
Characterization of staphyloferrin A biosynthetic and transport mutants in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2009)

Iron is critical for virtually all forms of life. The production of high-affinity iron chelators, siderophores, and the subsequent uptake of iron-siderophore complexes are a common strategy employed by microorganisms to acquire iron. Staphylococcus aureus produces siderophores but genetic information underlying their synthesis and transport is limited. Previous work implicated the sbn operon in siderophore synthesis and the sirABC operon in uptake. Here we characterize a second siderophore biosynthetic locus in S. aureus; the locus consists of four genes (in strain Newman these open reading frames are designated NWMN_2079-2082) which, together, are responsible for the synthesis and export of staphyloferrin A, a polycarboxylate siderophore. While deletion of the NWMN_2079-2082 locus did not affect iron-restricted growth of S. aureus, strains bearing combined sbn and NWMN_2079-2082 locus deletions produced no detectable siderophore and demonstrated severely attenuated iron-restricted growth. Adjacent to NWMN_2079-2082 resides the htsABC operon, encoding an ABC transporter previously implicated in haem acquisition. We provide evidence here that HtsABC, along with the FhuC ATPase, is required for the uptake of staphyloferrin A. The crystal structure of apo-HtsA was determined and identified a large positively charged region in the substrate-binding pocket, in agreement with a role in binding of anionic staphyloferrin A.
Electron Drift Velocity in n-Doped Wurtzite GaN (2006)

This work presents a theoretical study on the influence of the electron effective mass on the electron drift velocity in n-doped wurtzite GaN at moderate to high electric fields. This was used for a nonlinear quantum transport theory, based on a nonequilibrium ensemble formalism (MaxEnt-NESOM), which provides a set of coupled nonlinear integro-differential equations of evolution. It was found that the adopted value of the electron effective mass can produce a difference of up to 55% in the value of the electron drift velocity.
Electrical Impedance Computed Tomography (ICT): A New CT Imaging Technique (1979)

The results of our initial studies of a new method of CT imaging are presented. The technique does not use x rays, but rather employs a weak electrical current to map out the electrical properties of the tissues in a tomographic slice. Results of preliminary computer simulations are described and discussed. Compared to x-ray CT, we expect ICT to have the following advantages: (1) reduced biological hazard, (2) less expensive hardware, (3) easily extended to full 3-D image, (4) very high data rates, (5) ability to make unique physiological measurements.
Role of Genetic and Expression Profiling in Pharmacogenomics: The Changing Face of Patient Management (2002)

As the determination of gene sequences and their function gains speed at the dawn of the third millennium, biomedical research efforts are oriented towards definition of the genetic and molecular expression patterns that may drive different disease. A major part of these efforts is addressed to the definition of inter-individual variations that are expected to become integral for treatment planning, in terms of efficacy and adverse effects of drugs. It is this thrust on genome-based 'rational therapeutics' that is hoped to progressively lead to the era of 'personalized medicine'. This approach uses the technological expertise from genomics and functional genomics to define, predict and monitor the nature of the response of an individual to drugs, and to rationally design newer drugs. In the present review we will conduct our readers through an understanding of the fundamentals of pharmacogenomics and of the technologies currently available that are advancing this relatively new science. Conversely, there are issues raised that concern how medical practice is preparing itself to implement new alternatives for therapeutical interventions and finally, how to respect patient confidentiality and rights.
Architecting on-chip interconnects for stacked 3D STT-RAM caches in CMPs (2011)

Emerging memory technologies such as STT-RAM, PCRAM, and resistive RAM are being explored as potential replacements to existing on-chip caches or main memories for future multi-core architectures. This is due to the many attractive features these memory technologies posses: high density, low leakage, and non-volatility. However, the latency and energy overhead associated with the write operations of these emerging memories has become a major obstacle in their adoption. Previous works have proposed various circuit and architectural level solutions to mitigate the write overhead. In this paper, we study the integration of STT-RAM in a 3D multi-core environment and propose solutions at the on-chip network level to circumvent the write overhead problem in the cache architecture with STT-RAM technology. Our scheme is based on the observation that instead of staggering requests to a write-busy STT-RAM bank, the network should schedule requests to other idle cache banks for effectively hiding the latency. Thus, we prioritize cache accesses to the idle banks by delaying accesses to the STT-RAM cache banks that are currently serving long latency write requests. Through a detailed characterization of the cache access patterns of 42 applications, we propose an efficient mechanism to facilitate such delayed writes to cache banks by (a) accurately estimating the busy time of each cache bank through logical partitioning of the cache layer and (b) prioritizing packets in a router requesting accesses to idle banks. Evaluations on a 3D architecture, consisting of 64 cores and 64 STT-RAM cache banks, show that our proposed approach provides 14% average IPC improvement for multi-threaded benchmarks, 19% instruction throughput benefits for multi-programmed workloads, and 6% latency reduction compared to a recently proposed write buffering mechanism.
A frequency-selective surface using aperture-coupled microstrip patches (1991)

A frequency-selective surface based on the aperture coupled microstrip is presented. This surface has a narrow bandpass response useful for building radomes with low out-of-band radar cross section (RCS). The analysis employs the spectral domain moment method. The design criteria and a simple lumped element model are derived and presented. Experimental data from a waveguide simulator are presented which confirm the theory.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Option Pricing when the Variance is Changing (1987)

The Monte Carlo method is used to solve for the price of a call when the variance is changing stochastically.
Prognostic significance of the detection of circulating malignant cells by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in long-term clinically disease-free melanoma patients. (1999)

The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of the detection of circulating melanoma cells by reverse transcriptase-PCR in long-term clinically disease-free melanoma patients. Patients with melanoma who were free of clinical relapse for at least 6 months after primary tumor diagnosis were included and prospectively followed. Tyrosinase mRNA in peripheral blood from these patients was assayed by reverse transcriptase-PCR at the time of their inclusion in the study. One hundred six blood samples from 57 melanoma patients were analyzed. The median time between melanoma diagnosis and inclusion in the study was 24 months (range, 7-51 months). The median follow-up time calculated from the time of inclusion in the study was 27 months (range, 11-36 months). Tyrosinase mRNA in blood was detected in 10 (17.5%) of 57 patients: 2 (18%) of 11 stage I patients, 6 (19%) of 33 stage II patients, and 2 (15%) of 13 stage III patients. Actuarial 2-year DFS was 89% for the tyrosinase-negative patients versus 30% for the positive patients (P = 0.003). Actuarial 2-year OS was 97% for the tyrosinase-negative patients versus 72% for the positive patients (P = 0.001). Tyrosinase mRNA could be detected in the blood of a proportion of long-term disease-free melanoma patients, regardless of their initial clinical stage. The presence of late circulating melanoma cells in this selected group of clinically disease-free patients was significantly associated with a subsequent high risk of relapse and death.
Biomechanical and histological evaluation of hydrogel implants in articular cartilage (2000)

We evaluated the mechanical behavior of the repaired surfaces of defective articular cartilage in the intercondylar region of the rat femur after a hydrogel graft implant. The results were compared to those for the adjacent normal articular cartilage and for control surfaces where the defects remained empty. Hydrogel synthesized by blending poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and poly(methyl methacrylate-co-acrylic acid) was implanted in male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into five groups with postoperative follow-up periods of 3, 5, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. Indentation tests were performed on the neoformed surfaces in the knee joint (with or without a hydrogel implant) and on adjacent articular cartilage in order to assess the mechanical properties of the newly formed surface. Kruskal-Wallis analysis indicated that the mechanical behavior of the neoformed surfaces was significantly different from that of normal cartilage. Histological analysis of the repaired defects showed that the hydrogel implant filled the defect with no signs of inflammation as it was well anchored to the surrounding tissues, resulting in a newly formed articular surface. In the case of empty control defects, osseous tissue grew inside the defects and fibrous tissue formed on the articular surface of the defects. The repaired surface of the hydrogel implant was more compliant than normal articular cartilage throughout the 16 weeks following the operation, whereas the fibrous tissue that formed postoperatively over the empty defect was stiffer than normal articular cartilage after 5 weeks. This stiffness started to decrease 16 weeks after the operation, probably due to tissue degeneration. Thus, from the biomechanical and histological point of view, the hydrogel implant improved the articular surface repair.
Ultrafast Relaxation of Zinc Protoporphyrin Encapsulated within Apomyoglobin in Buffer Solutions (2007)

The relaxation dynamics of a zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) in THF, KPi buffer, and encapsulated within apomyoglobin (apoMb) was investigated in its excited state using femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy with S2 excitation (lambda(ex) = 430 nm). The S2 --> S1 internal conversion of ZnPP is ultrafast (tau < 100 fs), and the hot S1 ZnPP species are produced promptly after excitation. The relaxation dynamics of ZnPP in THF solution showed a dominant offset component (tau = 2.0 ns), but it disappeared completely when ZnPP formed aggregates in KPi buffer solution. When ZnPP was reconstituted into the heme pocket of apoMb to form a complex in KPi buffer solution, the fluorescence transients exhibited a biphasic decay feature with the signal approaching an asymptotic offset: at lambda(em) = 600 nm, the rapid component decayed in 710 fs and the slow one in 27 ps; at lambda(em) = 680 nm, the two time constants were 950 fs and 40 ps. We conclude that (1) the fast-decay component pertains to an efficient transfer of energy from the hot S1 ZnPP species to apoMb through a dative bond between zinc and proximal histidine of the protein; (2) the slow-decay component arises from the water-induced vibrational relaxation of the hot S1 ZnPP species; and (3) the offset component is due to S1 --> T1 intersystem crossing of the surviving cold S1 ZnPP species. The transfer of energy through bonds might lead the dative bond to break, which explains our observation of the degradation of ZnPP-Mb samples in UV-vis and CD spectra upon protracted excitation.
Effects of chondrocyte-derived extracellular matrix in a dry eye mouse model. (2015)

These observations suggest that CDECM induced effective anti-inflammatory improvements in the cornea and conjunctiva in this experimental model of dry eye.
A computational survey of candidate exonic splicing enhancer motifs in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (2007)

Our results show that the use of the ESE motifs consistently improves splice site prediction accuracy.