gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The LEC-CAMs: An Emerging Family of Cell-Cell Adhesion Receptors Based upon Carbohydrate Recognition (1990)

Cell surface carbohydrates, because of their demonstrated and potential structural diversity, have long been considered as excellent candidates for determinants of cell-cell recognition. Recently, a gene family has been identified, which encodes a series of three adhesion proteins (pnHR, ELAM-1, and GMP-140), designated as the LEC-CAMs. Each receptor participates in highly specific cell-cell recognition events within the blood vascular compartment. The LEC-CAMs share a high degree of sequence homology and the same organization of protein motifs, which includes a calcium-type lectin domain at the extracellular amino-terminus of each. In the case of the pnHR (peripheral lymph node homing receptor), the lectin domain has been shown to be central to the adhesive function of the receptor, i.e., lymphocyte attachment to high endothelial venules (HEV) of lymph nodes. The cognate ligand for the pnHR on HEV is a sialylated glycoprotein. Sialic acid is required for the adhesive function of this ligand, and preliminary evidence suggests that this requirement may also apply to the ligand for GMP-140. It is not clear as yet whether sialic acid contributes directly to recognition determinants of these ligands or has a modulating effect on their function. Given the extreme diversity of sialyloligosaccharides, the former possibility is very attractive. The LEC-CAM family joins the three families of already identified cell-cell adhesion molecules (integrins, cadherins, and superimmunoglobulins). It remains to be seen whether additional examples of highly specific cell recognition events rely on as yet unidentified LEC-CAMs or related lectin-like receptors.
Thermotropic liquid‐crystalline aromatic‐aliphatic polyimides, 4. Poly(imide‐urethane‐carbonate)s based on pyromellitdiimide and 3,4:3′,4′‐biphenyldicarboximide (1994)

Abstract Main‐chain types of thermotropic liquid‐crystalline (LC) poly(imide‐urethane‐carbonate)s were synthesized by melt polycondensation of N , N ′‐bis(6‐hydroxyhexyl)pyromellitdiimide or N , N ′‐bis(6‐hydroxyhexyl)‐3,4:3′,4′‐biphenyldicarboximide with diphenyl hexamethylenedicarbamate and/or diphenyl hexamethylenedicarbonate. The poly(imide‐urethane)s were also obtained from the dihydroxyalkylene diimide derivatives and hexamethylene diisocyanate by polyaddition. Yields and molecular weights of the resulting polymers tended to decrease with increasing urethane units. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, polarizing microscopic observations and powder X‐ray analyses at various temperatures demonstrated that the carbonaterich copolymers comprising the 3,4:3′,4′‐biphenyldicarboximide derivative formed a nematic mesophase. Temperature‐dependent Fourier‐Transform infrared measurements suggest that hydrogen bonding of urethane linkages affects the formation of LC mesophases.
Mid-infrared type-II interband cascade lasers (2002)

Interband cascade (IC) lasers that utilize optical transitions between the conduction and valence bands in a staircase of Sb-based type-II quantum wells (QWs) represent a new class of mid-IR diode lasers. By combining the advantages of quantum cascade lasers and type-II QW interband lasers, type-II IC lasers show promise of operating in continuous-wave (CW) mode up to room temperature with high output powers. Significant advances toward such high performance have been reported in terms of record-high differential external quantum efficiency (DEQE>600%), peak output power (/spl sim/6 W/facet at 80 K), CW power conversion efficiency (>16% at 80 K), and room-temperature operation under pulsed conditions. Here, we will review the progress made in the past few years and discuss the issues encountered during the development. Also, the current status of type-II IC lasers and the remaining challenges will be discussed.
Easy simulation and design of on-chip inductors in standard CMOS processes (2002)

This paper presents an approach to CMOS inductor modelling, that allow easy simulation in SPICE-like simulators. A number of test results are presented concerning optimal center hole, inductor area, wire spacing and self-inductance. Finally a comprehensive design guide is provided on how to design close-to-optimal inductors without the use of electromagnetic simulators.
Biomechanical Comparison of a Novel Percutaneous Transfacet Device and a Traditional Posterior System for Single Level Fusion (2006)

Posterior spinal fusions are indicated for a variety of spinal disorders. Transfacet fixation minimizes soft tissue disruption and preserves the adjacent facet joint. This technique is uncommon due to concerns with biomechanical stability and proper implant placement. For these reasons, a length adjustable implant may obviate the clinical concerns but necessitates biomechanical study. This study evaluated the in vitro biomechanical stability between a novel transfacet fixation device compared with standard pedicle screws during cyclic physiologic loading in a human cadaveric model. Cadaveric L4-L5 lumbar motion segments from 16 human spines were tested in cyclic flexion/extension, lateral bending, and torsion after insertion of either transfacet fixation devices or 5.5 mm pedicle screw instrumentation. A load cell was used to measure the compressive forces on the anterior column during testing. Motion segment stiffness and anterior column compression were analyzed with a 1-way analysis of variance (P<0.05). The transfacet device demonstrated a statistically similar stiffness when compared with the pedicle screw system for each test direction. For anterior column loading during physiologic testing, there were no biomechanical differences between stabilization systems. Percutaneous transfacet fixation is an attractive surgical option for single-level spinal fusions. A biomechanical evaluation of a novel device for this application demonstrated similar stability to a pedicle screw system. The length adjustability of the device may alleviate concerns for precise device placement and the biomechanical stability may produce similar rates and quality of posterior spinal fusions.
Development of Polyphenylene Oxide Membranes (1971)

Report concerning manufacturing variables on sulfonated polyphenylene oxide reverse osmosis membranes. The effects these variables have membrane performance are discussed as well as procedures to increase membrane reproducibility and performance.
MICROTUBULE DYNAMICS AND ORGANIZATION IN THE PLANT CORTICAL ARRAY (2006)

Live-cell studies have brought fresh insight into the organizational activities of the plant cortical array. Plant interphase arrays organize in the absence of a discrete microtubule organizing center, having plus and minus ends distributed throughout the cell cortex. Microtubule nucleation occurs at the cell cortex, frequently followed by minus-end detachment from origin sites. Microtubules associate tightly with the cell cortex, resisting lateral and axial translocation. Slow, intermitant loss of dimers from minus ends, coupled with growth-biased dynamic instability at the plus ends, results in the migration of cortically attached microtubules across the cell via polymer treadmilling. Microtubule-microtubule interactions, a direct consequence of treadmilling, result in polymer reorientation and creation of polymer bundles. The combined properties of microtubule dynamics and interactions among polymers constitute a system with predicted properties of self-organization.
Fringe visibility in speckle velocimetry and the analysis of random flow components (1984)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text K. Hinsch, W. Schipper, and D. Mach, "Fringe visibility in speckle velocimetry and the analysis of random flow components," Appl. Opt. 23, 4460-4462 (1984) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Generating Domain-Specific Visual Language Editors from High-level Tool Specifications (2006)

Domain-specific visual language editors are useful in many areas of software engineering but developing such editors is challenging and time-consuming. We describe an approach to generating a wide range of these graphical editors for use as plug-ins to the Eclipse environment. Tool specifications from an existing meta-tool, Pounamu, are interpreted to produce dynamic, multi-view, multiuser Eclipse graphical editors. We describe the architecture and implementation of our approach, examples of its use realizing domain-specific modelling tools, and strengths and limitations of the approach
Temperature and Orientation Dependence of Plastic Deformation in GaAs Single Crystals Doped with Si, Cr, or Zn (1975)

Stress‐strain curves are presented for Si‐doped GaAs single crystals deformed in compression parallel to <100> and <111> at temperatures ranging from 250° to 550°C. In both orientations, slip occurs only on {111} <1&1bar;0>. Repeated‐yielding experiments on GaAs crystals, both undoped and doped with Si, Cr, or Zn, indicate that Si‐doped crystals ( n ‐type) have a greater yield stress than undoped crystals, that undoped crystals have a greater yield stress than Zn‐doped crystals p ‐type), and that Cr doping does not significantly affect the yield stress. Extensive crack formation resulting from deformation was not observed. Compression specimens normally failed by breaking into several columnar fragments with their long dimension parallel to the stress axis.
Interconnecting Heterogeneous Database Management Systems (1984)

It is pointed out that there is still a great need for the development of improved communication between remote, heterogeneous database management systems (DBMS). Problems regarding the effective communication between distributed DBMSs are primarily related to significant differences between local data managers, local data models and representations, and local transaction managers. A system of interconnected DBMSs which exhibit such differences is called a network of distributed, heterogeneous DBMSs. In order to achieve effective interconnection of remote, heterogeneous DBMSs, the users must have uniform, integrated access to the different DBMs. The present investigation is mainly concerned with an analysis of the existing approaches to interconnecting heterogeneous DBMSs, taking into account four experimental DBMS projects.
Purification and some properties of the pectin lyase from <i>Penicillium italicum</i> (1991)

For the first time, a pectin lyase (poly(methoxygalacturonide)lyase: EC 4.2.2.10) from a member of the generus Penicillium was isolated, purified to homogeneity and characterized. The monomeric enzyme from Penicillium italicum CECT 2294 culture filtrates showed a molecular mass of 34 kDa after SDS-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gradient gels, and the isoelectric point was 8.6 as determined by isoelectric focusing. The optimum pH (9.0), the high pH and temperature stabilities, the ability to degrade pectins from different sources and with a wide range of degrees of esterification (from 37% to 86%) as well as the importance of this type of biocatalysts in the food industry make this enzyme an interesting subject of study.
Switchboard: secure, monitored connections for client-server communication (2003)

Prolonged secure communication requires trust relationships that extend throughout a connection's life cycle. Current tools to establish secure connections such as SSL/TLS and SSH authenticate PKI identities, validate credentials and authorize a trust relationship at the time a connection is established, but do not monitor the trust relationship thereafter To maintain security over the duration of a prolonged connection, we extend the semantics of SSL to support continuous monitoring of a credential's liveness and the trust relationships that authorize it. Our implementation isolates trust management into a pluggable trust authorization module. We also present an initial design for a host-level secure communication resource that provides secure channels for multiple connections.
Current treatment options for non-small-cell lung cancer. (2012)

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a difficult-to-treat malignancy, and durable long-term survival is elusive for patients with advanced-stage disease. Chemotherapy, especially with platinum-based combinations, is the mainstay of treatment, yet these regimens yield only modest response and survival rates. Outcomes of recent clinical trials have shown that histology, mutation analyses, and biomarkers have an impact on the selection and combination of chemotherapeutic agents. Oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies are now part of the treatment schema. Other changes to the treatment paradigm include the duration of treatment and the use of maintenance therapy. Additionally, chemotherapy is now employed in earlier-stage disease in neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and combined-modality treatments. The aim of this article is to review the current systemic treatments for NSCLC.
Increasing Severity of Cardiovascular Risk Factors With Increasing Middle Cerebral Artery Stenotic Involvement in Type 2 Diabetic Chinese Patients With Asymptomatic Cerebrovascular Disease (2004)

Transcranial Doppler examination identified stenosis in one or both MCAs in over one-fifth of the Chinese type 2 diabetic subjects without symptoms of cerebrovascular disease. A number of conventional cardiovascular risk factors were closely associated with MCA stenosis. This technique may allow the identification of a particularly high-risk group, and further studies are required to determine whether asymptomatic MCA stenosis is predictive of primary cerebrovascular events and whether intensive treatment of risk factors would reduce the risk.
Studien (2014)

Ein hoher Body-Mass-Index (BMI) schützt vor postmenopausalen Frakturen – das haben einige Studien gezeigt. Doch Übergewichtige dürften nicht zu erleichtert sein, denn ab einem BMI über 30 kg / m2 wird es wieder problematisch: Hier steigt unter anderem das Risiko für Beinfrakturen an. Wie Körpergröße, BMI und Gewicht mit dem Frakturrisiko zusammenhängen, untersuchten die Knochenspezialistin Juliet E. Compston und ihre Kollegen von der Universität Cambridge, Großbritannien.
Aqueous Phase Transfer of InP/ZnS Nanocrystals Conserving Fluorescence and High Colloidal Stability (2011)

Small thiol-containing amino acids such as cysteine are appealing surface ligands for transferring semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) from organic solvents to the aqueous phase. They provide a compact hydrodynamic diameter and low nonspecific binding in biological environment. However, cysteine-capped QDs generally exhibit modest colloidal stability in water and their fluorescence quantum yield (QY) is significantly reduced as compared to organics. We demonstrate that during phase transfer the deprotonation of the thiol group by carefully adjusting the pH is of crucial importance for increasing the binding strength of cysteine to the QD surface. As a result, the colloidal stability of cysteine-capped InP/ZnS core/shell QDs is extended from less than one day to several months. The developed method is of very general character and can be used also with other hydrophilic thiols and various other types of QDs, e.g., CdSe/CdS/ZnS and CuInS(2)/ZnS QDs as well as CdSe and CdSe/CdS nanorods. We show that the observed decrease of QY upon phase transfer with cysteine is related to the generation of cysteine dimer, cystine. This side-reaction implies the formation of disulfide bonds, which efficiently trap photogenerated holes and inhibit radiative recombination. On the other hand, this process is not irreversible. By addition of an appropriate reducing agent, tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP), the QY can be partially recovered. When TCEP is already added during the phase transfer, the QY of cysteine-capped InP/ZnS QDs can be maintained almost quantitatively. Finally, we show that penicillamine is a promising alternative to cysteine for the phase transfer of QDs, as it is much less prone to disulfide formation.
Formally expressing the semantics of observer-based fault detection software (2013)

The aim is to create reliable and verifiable fault detection software to detect abrupt changes in safety-critical dynamic systems. Fault detection methods are implemented as software on digital computers that monitor and control the system. We implement three observer-based fault detection methods on a 3 degrees of freedom (3DOF) laboratory helicopter, in the form of software. We examine the performance of those methods to detect different faults during flight in a closed-loop setup. All selected methods show acceptable detection performance. However, it is not possible to repeat the test for every possible conditions, inputs and fault scenarios. In this paper, we translate fault detection properties and mathematical proofs into a formal language, previously used in software validation and verification. We include the translated properties in software in the form of non-executable annotations that can be read by machine. Consequently, some high level functional properties of the code can be verified by automatic software verification tools. This certifies fault detection software for a set of bounded data and increases the reliability in practice.
High Levels of Antibody to Panton‐Valentine Leukocidin Are Not Associated with Resistance to<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>–Associated Skin and Soft‐Tissue Infection (2010)

Neutralizing antibody to PVL does not protect children against primary or recurrent CA-MRSA-associated SSTI.
PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1 suppresses the tumorigenicity and induces G <sub>1</sub> cell cycle arrest in human glioblastoma cells (1998)

PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1 is a tumor suppressor that possesses intrinsic phosphatase activity. Deletions or mutations of its encoding gene are associated with a variety of human cancers. However, very little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which this important tumor suppressor regulates cell growth. Here, we show that PTEN expression potently suppressed the growth and tumorigenicity of human glioblastoma U87MG cells. The growth suppression activity of PTEN was mediated by its ability to block cell cycle progression in the G1 phase. Such an arrest correlated with a significant increase of the cell cycle kinase inhibitor p27(KIP1) and a concomitant decrease in the activities of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinases. PTEN expression also led to the inhibition of Akt/protein kinase B, a serine-threonine kinase activated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) signaling pathway. In addition, the effect of PTEN on p27(KIP1) and the cell cycle can be mimicked by treatment of U87MG cells with LY294002, a selective inhibitor of PI 3-kinase. Taken together, our studies suggest that the PTEN tumor suppressor modulates G1 cell cycle progression through negatively regulating the PI 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway, and one critical target of this signaling process is the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(KIP1).
Multiprocessor SoC platforms: a component-based design approach (2002)

A high-level, component-based methodology and design environment for multiprocessor SoC architectures reduces design time without significant efficiency loss in the final circuit. This design environment provides tools for automatic wrapper generation that synthesize hardware interfaces, device drivers, and operating systems implementing high-level interconnect APIs.
A new immunosuppressant, FTY720, in canine kidney transplantation: effect of single-drug, induction and combination treatments (2004)

Abstract Three different types of treatment were conducted to clarify the properties of a novel immunomodulator, FTY720, in canine kidney allograft models. Survival, biochemical and hematological tests, pharmacokinetics, and histopathology of grafts and extra-renal organs were analyzed. Accompanying a remarkable reduction in circulating lymphocytes, single-drug treatment of FTY720, ranging from 0.05 to 10 mg/kg, exhibited significant prolongation of graft survival without a dose-dependent effect. Short-course induction with FTY720 at 5 mg/kg per day exhibited similar anti-rejection effects as did single-drug treatment but no advantage in rescuing ongoing rejection. In combination with cyclosporine (CsA; 5 mg/kg) or tacrolimus (FK; 0.5 mg/kg), FTY720 had an additive effect. Trough blood concentrations of FTY720 were linearly correlated with dose. No animal showed critical adverse effects at any point. FTY720 holds promise as a candidate in a new category of drugs that can be combined with conventional agents for induction and maintenance immunosuppression in clinical organ transplantation.
A Thin Film Approach to Engineering Functionality into Oxides (2008)

The broad spectrum of electronic and optical properties exhibited by oxides offers tremendous opportunities for microelectronic devices, especially when a combination of properties in a single device is desired. Here we describe the use of reactive molecular‐beam epitaxy and pulsed‐laser deposition to synthesize functional oxides, including ferroelectrics, ferromagnets, and materials that are both at the same time. Owing to the dependence of properties on direction, it is often optimal to grow functional oxides in particular directions to maximize their properties for a specific application. But these thin film techniques offer more than orientation control; customization of the film structure down to the atomic‐layer level is possible. Numerous examples of the controlled epitaxial growth of oxides with perovskite and perovskite‐related structures, including superlattices and metastable phases, are shown. In addition to integrating functional oxides with conventional semiconductors, standard semiconductor practices involving epitaxial strain, confined thickness, and modulation doping can also be applied to oxide thin films. Results of fundamental scientific importance as well as results revealing the tremendous potential of utilizing functional oxide thin films to create devices with enhanced performance are described.
MOISTURE MEASUREMENT BY FT-IR-SPECTROSCOPY (1994)

ABSTRACT This contribution reports on the use of a FT-IR-spectrometer for measuring concentrations during the drying of thin films of Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and Methanol. Calibration was carried out by differential weighing. The spectra were taken in transmission mode while dried air was blown over the liquid films. The obtained accuracy was +/− (5% + 0,8 g/m2) for small contents of Methanol and +/− (10 % 2 g/m2) for higher Methanol contents. The content of PVAc could be measured with 5% accuracy. The experiments were carried out at room temperature; the examined films had a thickness of about 30 to 60 microns when completely dry.
Molecular Cloning and Expression of a Mouse  -1,3 Fucosyltransferase Gene That Shows Homology with the Human -1,3 Fucosyltransferase IV Gene (1996)

The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify and clone a fragment of a novel fucosyltransferase cDNA from mouse embryonal carcinoma F9 cells. Southern blot analysis of mouse genomic DNA with the cloned cDNA fragment revealed that there is a single copy of the fucosyltransferase gene per haploid genome. A 5 kb EcoRI restriction fragment of the genomic DNA hybridized with the cDNA has been cloned and a 1,697 bp fragment containing the sequence of the cDNA was sequenced. The nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence of the clone showed a highest degree of homology with those of human alpha-1,3 fucosyltransferase IV, i.e. 77.1 and 75.5% identity, respectively. Consistent with the sequence similarity, the transfection of a 1,544 bp fragment under the control of the cytomegarovirus enhancer and beta actin promoter into COS-1 cells confers alpha-1,3 fucosyltransferase activity on the cells, resulting in cell surface expression of SSEA-1.