gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Queueing disciplines and passive congestion control in byte-stream networks (1989)

The performance is compared of first-in-first-out and round-robin packet service disciplines at the trunk nodes of byte-stream networks, including priority service for single-packet messages. Delay and throughput characteristics are surveyed as a function of traffic mix, packet size, traffic intensity, and the ratio of trunk speed to access line speed. Exact and approximate analyses are compared with the results of simulations. Under normal traffic conditions, most disciplines will give acceptable mean delay if the ratio of trunk speed to access line speed is sufficiently high. Under congestion, round-robin disciplines have better fairness properties than first-in-first-out disciplines, in that they protect well-behaved users against hogs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Room-temperature photoluminescence of Ge<i>m</i>Si<i>n</i>Ge<i>m</i> structures (1995)

Photoluminescence of pseudomorphic Ge wells grown by conventional molecular beam epitaxy on Si substrate is studied. The samples consist of p-type doped Gem–Sin–Gem structures embedded in a Si1−xGex alloy. The luminescence lines shift to lower energy with increasing m, the observed band gap agrees with subband calculation based on an effective mass approximation. The temperature stability of the luminescence depends on m. In the case of m=4 the luminescence persists up to room temperature with only small reduction in intensity. The activation energies determined from the exponential drop of luminescence intensity agree with band discontinuities in the sample structures.
Isolation and characterization of human elastin cDNAs, and age-associated variation in elastin gene expression in cultured skin fibroblasts. (1988)

In attempts to isolate human elastin cDNAs, a human placental lambda gt11 cDNA library was screened with a 1.3 kilobase sheep genomic DNA subclone, corresponding to the 3'-end of the elastin mRNA. The four largest clones, the largest being approximately 3 kilobase, were characterized by Northern transfer analyses, restriction endonuclease digestions and dideoxy nucleotide sequencing. Northern transfer analyses of poly(A)+RNA revealed hybridization to mRNA transcripts in the region of 3.5 kilobase. Restriction endonuclease mapping and nucleotide sequencing demonstrated distinct domains characteristic of elastin, and identified areas of variability which apparently reflects alternative splicing of the primary elastin transcripts. To demonstrate the utilization of these cDNAs for studies on elastin gene expression in human cells, elastin mRNA was examined in fibroblast cultures established from the skin of several individuals of varying ages. Northern transfer analyses and slot blot hybridizations demonstrated that elastin gene expression is initiated early during fetal development, and continues at a relatively constant level through several decades. The lowest abundance of elastin mRNA was noted in the cell cultures established for the oldest individual studied (61-year-old female). Demonstration of elastin gene expression in cultured fibroblasts provides a system to study diseases affecting the elastic fibers.
Test Generation from UML Sequence Diagrams (2012)

Model-driven engineering approaches aim at avoiding productivity, model quality and model maintenance problems that arise when models are used for documentation only, by generating executable applications from models. However, in many cases, the level of detail of the models needed to generate complete applications is too much or only effective for specific domains. For those cases where it is not practical to build complete models and generate complete applications from them, we propose a lightweight approach, applicable at different levels (unit, integration and system testing), that combines partial application generation from structural models with test generation from partial behavioral models. To demonstrate the approach, we developed a plug-in that adds to the code generation capabilities of an existing UML modeling tool, the capability of generating executable tests from sequence diagrams acting also as parameterized test scenarios, including some novel features as compared to existing model-based testing tools.
Run time reconfiguration of FPGA for scanning genomic databases (2002)

This paper evaluates the feasibility of reconfiguring an FPGA at run time, and tests its performance using a "Grand Challenge Problem", the high speed scanning of genomic sequence databases. Algorithm implementation into a XC3090 FPGA is described, and methods proposed for generating a placed Xilinx Netlist File that can be efficiently routed at run time by the Automated Placing and Routing Xilinx tools, in order to increase the speed and the density of the design. The same algorithm carefully optimised on a RISC processor has been compared with the run time reconfigurated FPGA, and shows the latter to have an improvement in speed of two to three orders of magnitude.
Concentration of Viruses from Water by Membrance Chromatography (1979)

INTRODUCTION . ...... .. . .. ..... 413 EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF CONCENTRATION METHODS 415 CONCENTRATION OF VIRUSES FROM LARGE VOLUMES OF WATER .... 417 Tapwater 417 Seawater 423 Sewage 425 RECONCENTRATION 426 FACTORS INFLUENCING VIRAL ADSORPTION AND ELUTION 427 Composition of Filters and Pore Size 428 SOlts 430 pH 431 Organics 433 Flow Rate 435
Adhesion of bacillus spores in relation to hydrophobicity (1990)

The adhesion of spores of five different Bacillus species to solid surfaces of different hydrophobicity was evaluated. The spore surface hydrophobicity was measured using hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). A large variation in hydrophobicity was found among the spores of the different species tested. The degree of adhesion of spores to the solid surfaces was consistent with the results obtained using the HIC method. The most hydrophobic spores, according to the HIC method, adhered in a much larger extent to the hydrophobic surfaces. Furthermore, spores generally adhered to a greater extent to hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces than did the vegetative cells.
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy after Refractory Status Epilepticus: An Illustrative Case and Review of the Literature (2012)

New onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a relatively newly defined disease entity, where otherwise healthy individuals develop unrelenting seizures that do not respond to conventional anticonvulsant therapy and may require months of therapy with anesthetic drugs. We have described a case of NORSE who subsequently developed mesial temporal lobe sclerosis (MTS) and recurrent temporal lobe seizures. We discuss the possible pathophysiological mechanisms by which refractory seizures may contribute to the development of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
Novel applications for surface plasmons in photovoltaics (2003)

Recently discovered novel effects that occur when light interacts with metallic structures around its own wavelength offer a range of interesting possibilities for photovoltaics. Excitation of nanoscale metallic structures leads to oscillation of the conduction electrons, known as surface plasmons. The possible uses for surface plasmons in photovoltaics include improved absorption of light for very thin films, improved light emission for thermophotovoltaics and thermophotonics, and enhancement of the efficiency of frequency conversion materials. In this work the potential for surface plasmons to improve photovoltaic conversion efficiency is discussed and a simple technique for the fabrication of metallic nanostructures is demonstrated.
Feature Selection with Linked Data in Social Media (2012)

Feature selection is widely used in preparing high-dimensional data for effective data mining. Increasingly popular social media data presents new challenges to feature selection. Social media data consists of (1) traditional high-dimensional, attribute-value data such as posts, tweets, comments, and images, and (2) linked data that describes the relationships between social media users as well as who post the posts, etc. The nature of social media also determines that its data is massive, noisy, and incomplete, which exacerbates the already challenging problem of feature selection. In this paper, we illustrate the differences between attribute-value data and social media data, investigate if linked data can be exploited in a new feature selection framework by taking advantage of social science theories, extensively evaluate the effects of user-user and user-post relationships manifested in linked data on feature selection, and discuss some research issues for future work.
<title>Application of multilayer coatings to replicated substrates</title> (1997)

We are engaged in a program to develop focusing hard x-ray telescopes in a double conical or Wolter 1 geometry that function up to 100 keV by employing small graze angles and multilayer coatings. Directly polished substrates are not an option because they are too thick to be nested efficiently. The only alternative is to fabricate the very thin substrates by replication. Our objective is the production of integral cylindrical substrates because they should result in better angular resolution than segmented foil geometries. In addition, integral cylinders would be more resistant to possible stress from deep multilayer coatings than segmented ones. Both electroforming of nickel (method of SAX, JET-X, and XMM) and epoxy replication are under consideration. Both processes can utilize the same types of mandrels and separation agents. While electroforming can produce substrates that are thin, the high density of the nickel may result in high weight optics for some missions. For convenience, experimentation with replication and coating is being carried out initially on flats. Our replication studies include trials with gold and carbon separation agents. This paper reports on our efforts with epoxy replicated optics.
Potential radiosensitizing agents. 6. 2-Nitroimidazole nucleosides: arabinofuranosyl and hexopyranosyl analogs (1983)

New 2-nitroimidazole nucleosides have been synthesized as radiosensitizers of hypoxic mammalian cells in an attempt to reduce the neurotoxicity and to increase the therapeutic efficacy of this class of agents. The trimethylsilyl derivative of 2-nitroimidazole was condensed with 1-bromo-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoylarabinofuranose in the presence of mercuric cyanide to yield anomeric isomers of arabinofuranosides, which were separated by preparative thin-layer chromatography. Reaction of 2-deoxy-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucose or 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal with 2-nitroimidazole in the presence of an acid catalyst produced alpha and beta isomers of 2',3'-dideoxy-D-erythro-hex-2'-enopyranosides and an isomeric 3-substituted 1,2,3-trideoxy-D-erythro-hex-1-enopyranose. Hydrolysis of the esters was accomplished with sodium methoxide in methanol at 0 degrees C. The radiosensitizing efficacy of these agents was determined against Chinese hamster (V-79) cells in vitro. The 1-(2',3'-dideoxy-alpha-D-erythro-hex-2'-enopyranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole was the most active agent of this series and was found to be superior to misonidazole as a radiosensitizer.
The Research of a Lightweight Distributed Crawling System (2018)

Nowadays, information on the Internet is growing at an explosive rate. The ability of the stand-alone web crawling system has come to its bottleneck, so more and more companies turn to distributed web crawling techniques. However, existing distributed web crawling systems have some shortcomings. Thread management modules for solving thread synchronization and resource competition are usually designed by using pure multithread asynchronous methods, but the execution of this kind of modules observably reduces the performance. Moreover, the deduplication algorithms lead to low efficiency in dealing with large data sets or the problem of occupying large storage space. To solve the problems mentioned above, this paper proposes a lightweight and practical distributed crawling system, which combines Docker and distributed computing techniques. It can make full use of the computing resources of the cluster and improve the efficiency of the crawling system effectively. Taking the data of Netease news page as an example, the experimental results show that the distributed crawler proposed has higher execution efficiency.
Bone regeneration and repair : biology and clinical applications (2005)

Bone Dynamics: Morphogenesis, Growth Modeling, and Remodeling Jeffrey O. Hollinger Fracture Repair Charles Sfeir, Lawrence Ho, Bruce A. Doll, Kodi Azari, and Jeffrey O. Hollinger Common Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Fetal Bone Formation and Adult Fracture Repair Theodore Miclau, Richard A. Schneider, B. Frank Eames, and Jill A. Helms Biology of Bone Grafts Victor M. Goldberg and Sam Akhavan Cell-Based Strategies for Bone Regeneration: From Developmental Biology to Clinical Therapy Scott P. Bruder and Tony Scaduto Biology of the Vascularized Fibular Graft Elizabeth Joneschild and James R. Urbaniak Growth Factor Regulation of Osteogenesis Stephen B. Trippel Grafts and Bone Graft Substitutes Doug Sutherland and Mathias Bostrom Gene Transfer Approaches to Enhancing Bone Healing Oliver Betz, Mark Vrahas, Axel Baltzer, Jay R. Lieberman, Paul D. Robbins, and Christopher H. Evans Bone Morphogenic Proteins and Other Growth Factors to Enhance Fracture Healing and Treatment of Nonunions Calin S. Moucha and Thomas A. Einhorn The Ilizarov Technique for Bone Regeneration and Repair James Aronson Biology of Spinal Fusion: Biology and Clinical Applications K. Craig Boatright and Scott D. Boden Bone Allograft Transplantation: Theory and Practice Henry J. Mankin, Francis J. Hornicek, Mark C. Gebhardt, and William W. Tomford Bone Grafting for Total Joint Arthroplasty: Biology and Clinical Applications Moussa Hamadouche, Daniel A. Oakes, and Daniel J. Berry Biophysical Stimulation Using Electrical, Electromagnetic, and Ultrasonic Fields: Effects on Fracture Healing and Spinal Fusion James T. Ryaby Vascularized Fibula Grafts: Clinical Applications Richard S. Gilbert and Scott W. Wolfe Craniofacial Repair Bruce A. Doll, Charles Sfeir, Kodi Azari, Sarah Holland, and Jeffrey O. Hollinger Bone Regeneration Techniques in the Orofacial Region Samuel E. Lynch Index
Spectral Focal Sweep: Extended depth of field from chromatic aberrations (2010)

In recent years, many new camera designs have been proposed which preserve image detail over a larger depth range than conventional cameras. These methods rely on either mechanical motion or a custom optical element placed in the pupil plane of a camera lens to create the desired point spread function (PSF). This work introduces a new Spectral Focal Sweep (SFS) camera which can be used to extend depth of field (DOF) when some information about the reflectance spectra of objects being imaged is known. Our core idea is to exploit the principle that for a lens without chromatic correction, the focal length varies with wavelength. We use a SFS camera to capture an image that effectively “sweeps” the focal plane continuously through a scene without the need for either mechanical motion or custom optical elements. We demonstrate that this approach simplifies lens design constraints, enabling an inexpensive implementation to be constructed with off-the-shelf components. We verify the effectiveness of our implementation and show several example images illustrating a significant increase in DOF over conventional cameras.
Methylphosphonic Diamide<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethylphosphonic Diamide1Rudi RätzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 15, 4170–4171Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01620a067https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01620a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dual-Modality PET/Ultrasound Imaging of the Prostate (2006)

Functional imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) will detect malignant tumors in the prostate and/or prostate bed, as well as possibly help determine tumor "aggressiveness." However, the relative uptake in a prostate tumor can be so great that few other anatomical landmarks are visible in a PET image. Ultrasound imaging with a transrectal probe provides anatomical detail in the prostate region that can be co-registered with the sensitive functional information from the PET imaging. Imaging the prostate with both PET and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) will help determine the location of any cancer within the prostate region. This dual-modality imaging should help provide better detection and treatment of prostate cancer. LBNL has built a high performance positron emission tomograph optimized to image the prostate. Compared to a standard whole-body PET camera, our prostate-optimized PET camera has the same sensitivity and resolution, less backgrounds and lower cost. We plan to develop the hardware and software tools needed for a validated dual PET/TRUS prostate imaging system. We also plan to develop dual prostate imaging with PET and external transabdominal ultrasound, in case the TRUS system is too uncomfortable for some patients. We present the design and intended clinical uses for these dual imaging systems.
Label-free analysis of DNA methylation using optofluidic ring resonators (2009)

We demonstrate the utility of the opto-fluidic ring resonator (OFRR) sensor for analyzing methylated oligonucleotides. Cytosine methylation, a regular epigenetic function in cellular growth and metabolism, may have ties to abnormal suppression of key genes involved with cellular proliferation. Such behavior is suspected to be strongly related to the occurrence of several types of cancers. The OFRR is demonstrated as a tool both for detecting DNA hybridization and methylated cytosines residues.
Pectin‐like carbohydrates in the green alga<i>Micrasterias</i>characterized by cytochemical analysis and energy filtering TEM (2008)

Pectins are the major matrix polysaccharides of plant cell walls and are important for controlling growth, wall porosity and regulation of the ionic environment in plant cells. Pectic epitopes recognized by the monoclonal antibodies JIM5, JIM7 and 2F4 could be localized in the primary wall during development of the green alga Micrasterias. As the degree of pectin esterification determines the calcium-binding capacity and thus the physical properties of the cell wall, chemical and enzymatic in situ de-esterification was performed. This resulted in displacement of epitopes recognized by JIM5, JIM7 and 2F4, respectively, in changes in the intensity of the antibody labelling as visualized in CLSM. In addition, calcium-binding capacities of cell walls and components of the secretory apparatus were determined in transmission electron microscopy by electron energy loss spectroscopy and electron spectroscopic imaging. These analyses revealed that pectic polysaccharides are transported to the cell wall in a de-esterified form. At the primary wall, pectins get methyl-esterified at the inner side, thus allowing flexibility of the wall. At the outer side of the wall they become again de-esterified and bind high amounts of calcium which leads to cell wall stiffening. Mucilage vesicles possess the highest calcium-binding capacity of all structures observed in Micrasterias, indicating that the pectic polysaccharides of mucilage are secreted in a de-esterified, compact form. When mucilage is excreted through the cell wall, it loses its ability to bind calcium. The esterification of pectins involved is obviously required for swelling of mucilage by water uptake, which generates the motive force for orientation of this unicellular organism in respect to light. Incubation of Micrasterias in pectin methylesterase (PME), which de-esterifies pectic polymers in higher plants, resulted in growth inhibition, cell shape malformation and primary wall thickening. A PME-like enzyme could be found in Micrasterias by PME activity assays.
Suspended AlGaAs waveguides for tunable difference frequency generation in mid-infrared (2008)

A birefringent phase-matching scheme for difference-frequency generation in a slotted air-clad waveguide with a tunable gap is proposed and theoretically analyzed. A tunability of 300 cm(-1) and an efficiency of 400 W(-1) cm(-2) is predicted.
A programmable and reconfigurable microfluidic chip (2013)

This article reports an original concept enabling the rapid fabrication of continuous-flow microfluidic chips with a programmable and reconfigurable geometry. The concept is based on a digital microfluidic platform featuring an array of individually addressable electrodes. A selection of electrodes is switched on sequentially to create a de-ionized (DI) water finger specific pattern, while the surrounding medium consists of liquid-phase paraffin. The water displacement is induced by both electrowetting on dielectric and liquid dielectrophoresis phenomena. Once the targeted DI water pattern is obtained, the chip temperature is lowered by turning on an integrated thermoelectric cooler, forming channel structures made of solidified paraffin with edges delimitated by the DI water pattern. As a result, the chip can be used afterwards to conduct in-flow continuous microfluidic experiments. This process is resettable and reversible by heating up the chip to melt the paraffin and reconfigure the microchannel design on demand, offering the advantages of cost, adaptability, and robustness. This paper reports experimental results describing the overall concept, which is illustrated with typical and basic fluidic geometries.
Atrial enlargement as a consequence of atrial fibrillation. A prospective echocardiographic study. (1990)

To test the hypothesis that atrial enlargement can develop as a consequence of atrial fibrillation, left and right atrial dimensions were measured echocardiographically at two different time points in patients with atrial fibrillation. Patients were selected who initially had normal atrial sizes and who had no evidence of significant structural or functional cardiac abnormalities other than atrial fibrillation either by history or two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Fifteen patients were studied (12 men and three women; mean age, 67.3 years). Average time between studies was 20.6 months. Three orthogonal left atrial dimensions and two right atrial dimensions were measured, and all were found to increase significantly between studies. Also, highly significant increases in calculated left atrial volume (from 45.2 to 64.1 cm3, p less than 0.001) and right atrial volume (from 49.2 to 66.2 cm3, p less than 0.001) were observed. The relative extents of left and right atrial volume increase did not differ, and left ventricular size did not change significantly between studies. These results indicate that atrial enlargement can occur as a consequence of atrial fibrillation. The maintenance of sinus rhythm, therefore, may prevent atrial enlargement and its adverse clinical effects.