gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Multivariate Density Estimates Based on Orthogonal Expansions (1970)

The topics of orthogonality and Fourier series occupy a central position in analysis. Nevertheless, there is surprisingly little statistical literature, with the exception of that of time series and regression, which involves Fourier analysis. In the last decade however, several papers have appeared which deal with the estimation of orthogonal expansions of distribution densities and cumulatives. Cencov [1] and Van Ryzin [6] considered general properties of orthogonal expansion based density estimators and the latter applied these properties to obtain classification procedures. Schwartz [3] and the authors [2] and [4] investigated respectively the Hermite and Trigonometric special cases. The authors also obtained certain general results which apply not only to estimators of the population density but also to estimators of the population cumulative [2], [4] and [5]. In this paper several results derived for the univariate case are extended to the multivariate case. Also a new relationship is obtained which involves general Fourier expansions and estimators. Although there is some reason for calling the Gram-Charlier estimation of distribution densities a Fourier method, one fundamental aspect of Fourier methods is not shared by Gram-Charlier estimation. Gram-Charlier techniques make no use of Parseval's Formula or related error relationships of Fourier analysis. The ease with which the mean integrated square error (MISE) is evaluated, when Fourier methods are applied, accounts for most of the recent interest in this area. Section 1 of this paper deals with an investigation of two general MISE relationships for multivariate estimates of Fourier expansions. The relationship given in Theorem 2 is particularly simple and yet includes the four MISE's which are involved in the estimation problem. In Section 2 the choice of orthogonal functions is restricted to the trigonometric polynomials. It is shown that the MISE of multidimensional trigonometric polynomial estimators are related in a simple way to the Fourier coefficients of the distribution which is being estimated. This result is of considerable utility since it yields a rule for deciding which terms should be included in the estimate of the multivariate density.
Advanced speech transmission techniques for GSM and beyond (2002)

The new features and technical improvements will take the world leading European developed GSM system in meeting worldwide new customer demands and will compete successfully with other existing and future cellular systems. Among all, the most significant enhancements are the current development of enhanced full-rate (EFR) GSM high quality speech codec. Both PCS1900 standards and ETSI have selected the US1 codec for this purpose despite some drawbacks. This paper describes the technological developments in the GSM from speech coding point of view along with advanced speech transmission techniques which will take GSM to the turn of century and even beyond.
Mesh Smoothing Schemes Based on Optimal Delaunay Triangulations. (2004)

We present several mesh smoothing schemes based on the concept of optimal Delaunay triangulations. We define the optimal Delaunay triangulation (ODT) as the triangulation that minimizes the interpolation error among all triangulations with the same number of vertices. ODTs aim to equidistribute the edge length under a new metric related to the Hessian matrix of the approximated function. Therefore we define the interpolation error as the mesh quality and move each node to a new location, in its local patch, that reduces the interpolation error. With several formulas for the interpolation error, we derive a suitable set of mesh smoothers among which Laplacian smoothing is a special case. The computational cost of proposed new mesh smoothing schemes in the isotropic case is as low as Laplacian smoothing while the error-based mesh quality is provably improved. Our mesh smoothing schemes also work well in the anisotropic case.
Gain of Chromosome Arm 17q and Adverse Outcome in Patients with Neuroblastoma (1999)

Gain of chromosome segment 17q21-qter is an important prognostic factor in children with neuroblastoma.
Electrodynamics of Superconducting Alloys in High Magnetic Fields (1966)

The surface impedance of the superconducting alloys in high magnetic fields is explicitly calculated by restricting consideration to the critical region where the order parameter is small. It is shown that we have an expression for the complex conductivity equivalent to that for superconductors containing paramagnetic impurity, as long as we are concerned with gapless region. A brief discussion is given on the complex conductivity in the weak-field region where the low-lying excitations associated with each flux line play a dominant role.
Introduction (2014)

This book has two aims. First, it tries to construct a comprehensive synthesis of the complex social science concepts of democratization, transparency, accountability and corruption. These are much-debated notions that lie at the rarely explored intersection of political science and public administration. They can be defined, understood and applied very differently, even inconsistently, from each other depending on the ideological and methodological lenses worn by the scholars who study them. This book attempts to combine various perspectives, from different fields and subfields, on each one of these notions to arrive at comprehensive and interlinked understandings.KeywordsPublic AdministrationDemocratization ProcessCorrupt TransactionCommon DriverCorruption ControlThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The Topographic Primal Sketch (1983)

A complete mathematical treatment is given for describing the topographic primal sketch of the underlying gray tone intensity surface of a digital image. Each picture element is independently classified and assigned a unique descriptive label, invariant under monotonically increasing gray tone transformations from the set ( peak, pit, ridge, ravine, saddle, flat, and hillside), with hillside having subcategories ( inflection point, slope, convex hill, concave hill, and saddle hill). The topographic classification is based on the first and second directional derivatives of the estimated image- intensity surface. A local, facet model, two-dimensional, cubic polynomial fit is done to estimate the image-intensity surface. Zero-crossings of the first directional derivative are identified as locations of interest in the image.
Microbial desulfonation of substituted naphthalenesulfonic acids and benzenesulfonic acids (1987)

Sulfur-limited batch enrichment cultures containing one of nine multisubstituted naphthalenesulfonates and an inoculum from sewage yielded several taxa of bacteria which could quantitatively utilize 19 sulfonated aromatic compounds as the sole sulfur source for growth. Growth yields were about 4 kg of protein per mol of sulfur. Specific degradation rates were about 4 to 14 mu kat/kg of protein. A Pseudomonas sp., an Arthrobacter sp., and an unidentified bacterium were examined. Each desulfonated at least 16 aromatic compounds, none of which served as a carbon source. Pseudomonas sp. strain S-313 converted 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid to 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 5-amino-1-naphthol, phenol, and 3-aminophenol, respectively. Experiments with 18O2 showed that the hydroxyl group was derived from molecular oxygen.
In the Groove: The Fine Detail of Antigen Presentation to Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (1993)

1. A panel of cells designed to express normal or mutated human HLA-A0201 was constructed and used to investigate the interactions between the peptide antigen, class I major histocompatibility complex, CD8 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen receptor. 2. Analysis of the extensive data generated has revealed that the optimum peptide presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes by HLA-A0201 contains nine amino acids. It lies in the peptide-binding groove of the class I molecule, orientated from N- to C-termini, and its detailed position within the groove has been deduced. The roles of individual residues in the class I molecule in antigen presentation are described, and the site of the ligand on target cells for interaction with CD8 on cytotoxic T lymphocytes is located.
Next-Generation Drugs Targeting the Cereblon Ubiquitin Ligase (2018)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES Pomalidomide Plus Low-Dose Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma and Renal Impairment: Results From a Phase II Trial. February 02, 2018 Errata. October 01, 2018 ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2018.77.9637 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print May 1, 2018 PMID: 29715055 Next-Generation Drugs Targeting the Cereblon Ubiquitin Ligase Sarah A. HolsteinxSarah A. HolsteinSearch for articles by this author, Jens HillengassxJens HillengassSearch for articles by this author, and Philip L. McCarthyxPhilip L. McCarthySearch for articles by this author Show More Sarah A. Holstein, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; and Jens Hillengass and Philip L. McCarthy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2018.77.9637 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables Supplements © 2018 by American Society of Clinical Oncology Companion Pomalidomide Plus Low-Dose Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma and Renal Impairment: Results From a Phase II Trial Errata Errata
Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts promoted tumor spheroid invasion on a microfluidic 3D co-culture device (2010)

Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key determinant in malignant progression of cancer and represent an important target for cancer therapies. In this work, we present a microfluidic-based 3D co-culture device to reconstruct an in vitro tumor microenvironment and firstly investigate the effect of CAFs on cancer cell invasion in 3D matrix. This device is composed of six co-culture units, which enable parallel co-culture assays to be run in the presence of 3D extracellular matrix. Salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) cells and CAFs embedded in matrix were co-cultured without direct contact on the device. Communication between ACC cells and CAFs could be established via medium diffused in matrix. It was observed that CAFs promoted ACC cell invasion in 3D matrix in a spheroid fashion, indicating that CAFs play a critical role in cancer invasion. We further demonstrated the effect of MMP inhibitor as an agent against CAF-promoted cancer invasion. This co-culture device reproducibly reflected the in vivo growth and invasion pattern of ACC and recreated the stroma-regulated ACC invasion. Thus, it provides a suitable platform for elucidating the mechanism of CAF-regulated cancer invasion and discovering anti-invasion drugs in a well defined 3D environment.
Molecular Epidemiology of Human Enteric Caliciviruses in The Netherlands (2000)

In The Netherlands, illness due to Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) of the family Caliciviridae is quite common. NLVs cause >80% of the outbreaks of gastroenteritis reported to municipal public health centers and at least 5% of the cases of gastroenteritis for which a general practitioner is consulted. In addition, up to 18% of community cases of gastroenteritis in the 1998/1999 winter season have been attributed to NLVs. Patterns of disease activity differ remarkably, with "normal years, when outbreaks occur that are caused by different types of NLV, and "epidemic years, when outbreaks appear to be caused by a single strain. This observation suggests selection of antigenic variants with increased virulence or altered modes of transmission. In addition, since caliciviruses related to the NLVs from humans have been detected in stool specimens from calves at 45% of the dairy farms in The Netherlands, the possibility of spillover of epidemic strains from an animal reservoir to humans should be considered.
Coupon Incentive-Based Demand Response: Theory and Case Study (2012)

This paper presents the formulation and critical assessment of a novel type of demand response (DR) program targeting retail customers (such as small/medium size commercial, industrial, and residential customers) who are equipped with smart meters yet still face a flat rate. Enabled by pervasive mobile communication capabilities and smart grid technologies, load serving entities (LSEs) could offer retail customers coupon incentives via near-real-time information networks to induce demand response for a future period of time in anticipation of intermittent generation ramping and/or price spikes. This scheme is referred to as coupon incentive-based demand response (CIDR). In contrast to the real-time pricing or peak load pricing DR programs, CIDR continues to offer a flat rate to retail customers and also provides them with voluntary incentives to induce demand response. Theoretical analysis shows the benefits of the proposed scheme in terms of social welfare, consumer surplus, LSE profit, the robustness of the retail electricity rate, and readiness for implementation. The pros and cons are discussed in comparison with existing DR programs. Numerical illustration is performed based on realistic supply and demand data obtained from the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT).
Periodic Structure in the Brownian Motion of Stock Prices (1962)

The internal structure of stock prices is examined by comparison with simple random walks of basic step 1/8, in which the individual price changes ΔP are the step length, and the volume measures the rate at which the steps are taken. It is found that there is definite evidence of periodic in time structure corresponding to intervals of a day, week, quarter, and year, these being simply the cycles of human attention span. The evidence is not in the periodicity of the price sequences P(t), rather in the distribution of the first and second differences of P(t), especially the second moment of ΔP (or variance), and in the rate at which the steps are taken. It is also shown that there is a periodic “space structure” in the price coordinate P, corresponding to the Brownian motion in the presence of equally spaced sites of preferred occupancy and reflection barriers, at the whole numbers. There is also marked evidence of “clustered” activity, the data being analyzed by methods appropriate to cosmic ray bursts, or star counts on astronomical photographs. In general, the picture of price motion as simple random walks is supported qualitatively, quantitatively there are some substantial departures from this simple picture.
Spin decoherence and electron spin bath noise of a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond (2013)

We theoretically investigate spin decoherence of a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. Using the spin coherent-state $P$-representation method, we simulate coherence evolution of the NV center coupled to surrounding nitrogen electron (N) spins. In the system, the strength of N-N coupling is the same order as that of NV-N coupling (the strong intrabath coupling regime). We find that spin decoherence time as well as free-induction decay of the NV center depend on the spatial configuration of N spins. Both the spin decoherence rate ($1/{T}_{2}$) and dephasing rate ($1/{T}_{2}^{*})$ of the NV center increase linearly with the concentration of the N spins. Using the $P$-representation method, we also demonstrate extracting the noise spectrum of the N spin bath. The capability to calculate the noise spectrum will provide promising pathways to suppress decoherence of spin systems in the strong intrabath coupling regime.
Identification of intracellular calcium pools. Selective modification by thapsigargin (1991)

Recent studies have identified inositol 1,4,5-tris-phosphate(InsP3)-sensitive and -insensitive Ca2+ pools and a GTP-dependent mechanism that transfers Ca2+ between them. Here, the Ca2+ pump-inhibitory sesquiterpene lactone, thapsigargin, is shown to distinguish these two Ca2+ pools and identify a third Ca2+ pumping pool unresponsive to InsP3 or GTP. Using saponin-permeabilized DDT1MF-2 smooth muscle cells, approximately 75% of total intracellular ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation is blocked by thapsigargin with an IC50 of 30 nM. In contrast, 1 mM vanadate or 5 microM A23187 block 100% of Ca2+ accumulation. The thapsigargin-responsive Ca2+ pool corresponds exactly to that released by 10 microM InsP3 in the presence of 10 microM GTP. Indeed, addition of InsP3 with GTP has no effect on Ca2+ accumulated in the presence of 3 microM thapsigargin whereas A23187 releases all the remaining Ca2+. Added after maximal Ca2+ uptake, thapsigargin induces only slow Ca2+ release consistent with blockade of pumping activity. Unlike InsP3, the action of thapsigargin is entirely heparin insensitive. The large increment in Ca2+ uptake caused by 12 mM oxalate is completely reversed by thapsigargin, indicating that thapsigargin functions on an oxalate-permeable pool. Moreover, the still larger uptake induced by GTP in the presence of oxalate is also completely reversed by either thapsigargin or InsP3. The results indicate that thasigargin blocks Ca2+ uptake into two discrete pools: the InsP3-sensitive, oxalate-permeable Ca2+ pool and the InsP3-insensitive, oxalate-impermeable Ca2+ pool that can be "recruited" into the InsP3-sensitive pool by GTP-dependent Ca2+ translocation (Ghosh, T. K., Mullaney, J.M., Tarazi, F.I., and Gill, D.L. (1989) Nature 340, 236-239). Additionally, a third Ca2+ pool is defined, unreleasable by InsP3 or GTP, and containing a thapsigargin-insensitive Ca2+ pump.
Molecular basis of the complex formation between the two calcium-binding proteins S100A8 (MRP8) and S100A9 (MRP14) (2005)

Abstract S100 proteins form characteristic homo- and/or heterodimers that play a role in calcium-mediated signaling. We characterized the formation of the human S100A8/S100A9 heterodimer using the yeast two-hybrid system. Employing site-directed mutagenesis we found that distinct hydrophobic amino acids of helix I/I′ are located at a crucial site of the S100A8/S100A9 dimer interface, whereas conserved residues within helix IV/IV′ are not important for heterodimerization. Furthermore, amino acids Y16 and F68 prevent homodimerization of human S100A8. These data demonstrate for the first time the functional relevance of distinct hydrophobic amino acids for human S100A8/S100A9 complex formation in vivo .
Millimeter-wave MMIC passive HEMT switches using traveling-wave concept (2004)

This paper describes the design of millimeter-wave wide-band monolithic GaAs passive high electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) switches using the traveling-wave concept. This type of switch combined the off-state shunt transistors and series microstrip lines to form an artificial transmission line with 50-/spl Omega/ characteristic impedance. A 15-80-GHz single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch in conjunction with quarter-wavelength impedance transformers demonstrates an insertion loss of less than 3.6 dB and an isolation of better than 25 dB. Another type of wide-band switch was designed by using a series HEMT switch to replace the quarter-wavelength transformer, and the operating band can be extended to dc. With this scheme, dc-80-GHz single-pole single-throw (SPST) and dc-60-GHz SPDT switches are also developed with compact chip size. From dc to 80 GHz, the insertion loss and isolation of the SPST switch are better than 3 and 24 dB, respectively. The SPDT switch has an insertion loss of better than 3 dB and an isolation of better than 25 dB from dc to 60 GHz. The analysis of circuit characteristics and design procedures are also included. It is concluded that the device periphery can be selected for the desired bandwidth, while the number of transistors is decided to achieve the isolation.
Design and test of a synergistic interferometric GPS-INS (2002)

Interferometric GPS is a technique which employs measurements of carrier phase difference to provide highly accurate relative position measurements. Interferometric GPS uses the measurements at multiple antennae mounted on rigid baselines to provide orientation information. While GPS provides measurements which are stable over the long term, these measurements have relatively low bandwidth with respect to an inertial system and can be denied by obscuration or jamming of the signal from the satellite. A tightly coupled combination of an interferometric GPS system and a low cost inertial system provides an affordable high bandwidth attitude determination system. The inertial system generates wide bandwidth data with the GPS providing long-term error bounding. This paper discusses the design and test of a prototype system using a Litton LN-200 fiber optic gyro inertial navigation system (INS) and two NovAtel C/A code carrier phase tracking GPS receivers. The system provides continuous position, velocity, heading and attitude information which is more accurate than standalone INS performance.
A workflow portal supporting multi‐language interoperation and optimization (2007)

Abstract In this paper we present a workflow portal for Grid applications, which supports different workflow languages and workflow optimization. We present an XSLT converter that converts from one workflow language to another and enables the interoperation between different workflow languages. We discuss strategies for choosing the optimal service from several semantically equivalent Web services in a Grid application. The dynamic selection of Web services involves discovering a set of semantically equivalent services by filtering the available services based on metadata, and selecting an optimal service based on real‐time data and/or historical data recorded during prior executions. Finally, we describe the framework and implementation of the workflow portal which aggregates different components of the project using Java portlets. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of the Deposition Parameters on La−A−Mn−O (A = Ca, Sr) Films Grown by Low-Pressure Aerosol Pyrolysis (1999)

Thin films of composition La1-xAxMnO3 (A = Ca, Sr) were deposited by a modified CVD process. This method uses pyrolysis of an aerosol obtained by high-frequency spraying of a solution containing the corresponding 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione complexes solved in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether. The growth was carried out at different temperatures in an oxygen/argon atmosphere at a constant pressure of 10 Torr. The influence of the deposition parameters on the growth of ferromagnetic films, either without any preferential orientation or highly [100] oriented, is analyzed.
Compact beam deflector based on slow-light Bragg reflector waveguide monolithically integrated with VCSEL (2013)

We demonstrate the monolithic integration of an electro-thermal beam deflector based on a slow-light Bragg reflector waveguide with a VCSEL for the first time. The slow-light mode is laterally exited from a VCSEL and is directly coupled to the slow-light waveguide. The chip size is smaller than 300μm. The fabrication process is the same as that of conventional VCSELs. Continuous electro-thermal beam steering of over 9° with a diffraction-limited divergence angle of 2.2° is obtained. In addition, a potential in compact and high-resolution on-chip beam deflectors is suggested.