gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of advanced glycation end products‐inductor glyoxal and hydrogen peroxide as oxidative stress factors on rat retinal organ cultures and neuroprotection by UK‐14,304 (2008)

Retinal ganglion cell degeneration is supposed to be mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The alpha2-adrenergic agonist, 5-bromo-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-6-quinoxalinamine (brimonidine; UK-14,304), is said to exert a neuroprotective effect. To investigate these mechanisms in detail, we exposed rat whole mounts to glyoxal or H(2)O(2) and treated them with either UK-14,304 alone or additionally with the phosphatidylinositide 3 kinase (PI3) kinase inhibitor, 2-(4-Morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (Ly 294002). The accumulation of Nepsilon-[carboxymethyl] lysine (CML) was assessed immunohistochemically and changes in intracellular pH (pHi), mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTMP) and ROS production in cell bodies of multipolar ganglion cell layer were studied by intravital fluorescence microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Ultrastructural changes in mitochondria of multipolar ganglion cell layer cell bodies were determined by transmission electron microscopy. We found that glyoxal and H(2)O(2) increased accumulation of CML-modified proteins and ROS production and decreased pHi and MTMP in cell bodies of multipolar ganglion cell layer. UK-14,304 could prevent production of ROS, accumulation of CML-modified proteins, ameliorate acidification, preserve MTMP and attenuate ultrastructural damages of ganglion cell mitochondria. Ly 294002 reversed the UK-14,304-mediated attenuation of CML and ROS production. We conclude that the protective effects of UK-14,304 seem partly to be mediated by PI3 kinase-dependent pathways.
Erythropoietin Protects Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function and Lowers the Incidence of Experimental Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis (2011)

The impermeant nature of the intestinal barrier is maintained by tight junctions (TJs) formed between adjacent intestinal epithelial cells. Disruption of TJs and loss of barrier function are associated with a number of gastrointestinal diseases, including neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the leading cause of death from gastrointestinal diseases in preterm infants. Human milk is protective against NEC, and the human milk factor erythropoietin (Epo) has been shown to protect endothelial cell-cell and blood-brain barriers. We hypothesized that Epo may also protect intestinal epithelial barriers, thereby lowering the incidence of NEC. Our data demonstrate that Epo protects enterocyte barrier function by supporting expression of the TJ protein ZO-1. As immaturity is a key factor in NEC, Epo regulation of ZO-1 in the human fetal immature H4 intestinal epithelial cell line was examined and demonstrated Epo-stimulated ZO-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner through the PI3K/Akt pathway. In a rat NEC model, oral administration of Epo lowered the incidence of NEC from 45 to 23% with statistical significance. In addition, Epo treatment protected intestinal barrier function and prevented loss of ZO-1 at the TJs in vivo. These effects were associated with elevated Akt phosphorylation in the intestine. This study reveals a novel role of Epo in the regulation of intestinal epithelial TJs and barrier function and suggests the possible use of enteral Epo as a therapeutic agent for gut diseases.
Predicting and analyzing the COVID-19 epidemic in China: Based on SEIRD, LSTM and GWR models (2020)

In December 2019, the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The epidemic quickly broke out and spread throughout the country. Now it becomes a pandemic that affects the whole world. In this study, three models were used to fit and predict the epidemic situation in China: a modified SEIRD (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-Dead) dynamic model, a neural network method LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), and a GWR (Geographically Weighted Regression) model reflecting spatial heterogeneity. Overall, all the three models performed well with great accuracy. The dynamic SEIRD prediction APE (absolute percent error) of China had been ≤ 1.0% since Mid-February. The LSTM model showed comparable accuracy. The GWR model took into account the influence of geographical differences, with R2 = 99.98% in fitting and 97.95% in prediction. Wilcoxon test showed that none of the three models outperformed the other two at the significance level of 0.05. The parametric analysis of the infectious rate and recovery rate demonstrated that China's national policies had effectively slowed down the spread of the epidemic. Furthermore, the models in this study provided a wide range of implications for other countries to predict the short-term and long-term trend of COVID-19, and to evaluate the intensity and effect of their interventions.
Fewer Ph.D.s? (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTFewer Ph.D.s?Royce W. MurrayCite this: Anal. Chemi. 1996, 68, 5, 161APublication Date (Web):March 1, 1996Publication History Published online1 March 1996Published inissue 1 March 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/ac961836gRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (833 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hierarchical Mesh-based Multicast Routing Protocol for Ad-Hoc Networks (2001)

We propose a mesh based multicast routing protocol referred to as HMMRP for ad-hoc networks. In HMMRP, a limited number of sources are selected as core sources, and the rest of the sources of a multicast group are connected to one of those core sources. The sources and the receivers of a multicast group are also connected through per source trees. In HMMRP, the data delivery mesh of a multicast group are composed of the nodes on these paths, and are reconfigured at regular intervals. Furthermore, each mesh member that lies on the paths between the sources and the core sources as well as be-tween the core sources and the receivers keeps checking if there is a symptom of mesh separation around itself. When a mesh member finds such symptom, it tries to patch itself to the mesh with a local flooding. As a result, the part of the data delivery mesh on those paths are kept connected with a lot higher probability than the rest of the data delivery mesh. That is, for a certain source receiver pair, it is very likely that at least there exists a data delivery path that route from the source to a core source and then to the receiver. Therefore, HMMRP may provide very high data delivery ratio without frequent entire data delivery mesh reconfiguration even when the nodal mobility is high. Simulation results show that HMMRP shows relatively little performance degradation with respect to mobility. Furthermore, the performance degradation with respect to mobility is even smaller when the size of the multicast group becomes larger.
Original Vinylidene Fluoride-Containing Acrylic Monomers as Surface Modifiers in Photopolymerized Coatings (2004)

The syntheses of original acrylic monomers containing vinylidene fluoride (VDF) units, prepared through a four-step process starting from the telomerization of VDF with iodotrifluoromethane, are presented. By modifying the [CF3I]0/[VDF]0 initial molar ratios, different CF3(VDF)nI telomers of various molecular weights were obtained. VDF content and the microstructure of the VDF telomers were determined by 19F NMR spectroscopy, while gas chromatography confirmed the average number of VDF units in each telomer. The radical addition of these telomers onto allylic alcohol led to original oligo(VDF)-containing iodohydrins that were reduced into novel ϖ-hydroxyl-VDF telomers. These latter were acrylated, and the resulting VDF-containing macromonomers were added in low amount (0−1% w/w) into a reference telechelic hydrogenated diacrylic resin and copolymerized through the UV-curing technique. The kinetics of the photopolymerization, monitored by IR spectroscopy, and the bulk properties of the film were independent of the amount of these PVDF additives, but peculiar surface properties were shown. The low concentration of the PVDF macromonomers made the surface of the cured networks both hydrophobic and oleophobic. The surface modification, assessed by contact angles and XPS spectroscopy, concerned one side of the films. The films coated on a polar surface showed on the air side a lower surface tension than that of the substrate side, which kept the same properties as those of the pure hydrogenated resin, including a good adhesion to the substrate.
Improving web search transparency by using a Venn diagram interface (2008)

The user interfaces of the most popular search engines are largely the same. Typically, users are presented with an ordered list of documents, which provide limited help if users are having trouble finding the information they need. This article presents an interface called the Venn Diagram Interface (VDI) that offers users improved search transparency. The VDI allows users to see how each term, or group of terms, in a query contributes to the entire result set of a search. Furthermore, it allows users to browse the result sets generated by each of these terms. In a test with 10 participants, the VDI was compared against a standard web search interface, Google. With the VDI, users were able to find more documents of higher relevance and were more inclined to continue searching. Their level of interactivity was higher, the quality of the answers they found was perceived to be better. Eight out of 10 users preferred the VDI.
Volumetric formulation of the lattice Boltzmann method for fluid dynamics: Basic concept (1998)

A lattice Boltzmann algorithm based on a volumetric representation is formulated for achieving properties consistent with the standard form at finer resolution. In contrast to pointwise interpolation schemes, this approach can be applied to arbitrary meshes without compromising exact conservation or equilibrium properties.
Efficient gene targeting in <i>Drosophila</i> by direct embryo injection with zinc-finger nucleases (2008)

We report very high gene targeting frequencies in Drosophila by direct embryo injection of mRNAs encoding specific zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs). Both local mutagenesis via nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and targeted gene replacement via homologous recombination (HR) have been achieved in up to 10% of all targets at a given locus. In embryos that are wild type for DNA repair, the products are dominated by NHEJ mutations. In recipients deficient in the NHEJ component, DNA ligase IV, the majority of products arise by HR with a coinjected donor DNA, with no loss of overall efficiency in target modification. We describe the application of the ZFN injection procedure to mutagenesis by NHEJ of 2 new genes in Drosophila melanogaster: coil and pask. Pairs of novel ZFNs designed for targets within those genes led to the production of null mutations at each locus. The injection procedure is much more rapid than earlier approaches and makes possible the generation and recovery of targeted gene alterations at essentially any locus within 2 fly generations.
A Newly Designed Oscillating Viscometer for Blood Viscosity Measurements (1996)

A newly designed type of oscillating viscometer is described. The viscometer consists of either a tube or a rod oscillating at a resonance frequency with amplitudes in the micro- and nanometer range. A fluid flowing through the tube or surrounding th
Research on extraction technology of corydaline (2012)

With hazelnut meal left after oil extraction as raw material,the extraction technology of corydaline was researched to obtain the following optimal extraction conditions: pH valve was 8.5;ratio of material to liquid was 1∶40;ultrasonic extraction lasted for 45min at the temperature of 45℃;and acid precipitation was performed under the condition that pH value was 4.5.And the extraction rate of corydaline was about 68%.
A scanned beam THz imaging system for medical applications (2011)

THz medical imaging has been a topic of increased interest recently due largely to improvements in source and detector technology and the identification of suitable applications. One aspect of THz medical imaging research not often adequately addressed is pixel acquisition rate and phenomenology. The majority of active THz imaging systems use translation stages to raster scan a sample beneath a fixed THz beam. While these techniques have produced high resolution images of characterization targets and animal models they do not scale well to human imaging where clinicians are unwilling to place patients on large translation stages. This paper presents a scanned beam THz imaging system that can acquire a 1 cm<sup>2</sup> area with 1 mm<sup>2</sup> pixels and a per-pixel SNR of 40 dB in less than 5 seconds. The system translates a focused THz beam across a stationary target using a spinning polygonal mirror and HDPE objective lens. The illumination is centered at 525 GHz with ~ 125 GHz of response normalized bandwidth and the component layout is designed to optically co-locate the stationary source and detector ensuring normal incidence across a 50 mm × 50 mm field of view at standoff of 190 mm. Component characterization and images of a test target are presented. These results are some of the first ever reported for a short standoff, high resolution, scanned beam THz imaging system and represent an important step forward for practical integration of THz medical imaging where fast image acquisition times and stationary targets (patients) are requisite.
On the efficient PKI system with SSO for multi-IDs server service for the international conference on control, automation and systems 2007 (ICCAS 2007) (2007)

As Information System is growing, users are facing the problem to manage a lot of passwords to get themselves authenticated. As they log on each system, they are asked to put their IDs and passwords for authentication. The departments of school affairs at university or M&A corporate website have done computing by using Information System to control all their work. As a result, in more sites more servers require their users’ IDs and passwords to control users’ access to them. Therefore, users get access restriction information through registration. Whenever they use the server they want to get in, they have to put their IDs and passwords. Because they need to memorize a plenty of passwords, which is a big burden for them and have all different policies to give out IDs and passwords for different level of positions and for each of their different work, they tend to easily forget their IDs and passwords because they have too many different IDs and passwords. To solve this kind of problem, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) system with Single Sign-On (SSO) that can manage a lot of work through a one-time authentication has come out. However, existing suggested PKI system with SSO hasn’t provided the function to enable one user to control a few IDs and passwords at the same time. So far this paper has been described to show a few authentication solutions for the same user of a single system which has not been suggested yet. The old authorizing method was only focused on the control of general IDs and work-centered authentication. In this article, we suggest PKI system with SSO system that is able to optimally satisfy requirements for multi-IDs server service.
Improved self-imaging characteristics in 1 × N multimode couplers (1998)

A 1 × 32 tapered coupler has been designed based on the self-imaging theory. Fields inside the taper can be calculated using the local modes theory. It can be clearly seen that when varying the taper angle the modal interference spectrum can be controlled. An optimum spectrum allows us to optimise the ratio excess loss against dimensions. This is the way to solve one of the major problems of multimode interference (MMI) devices. The splitter exhibits excess loss of 0.40 dB and a uniformity of 0.56 dB at a wavelength of 1.55 µm. The bandwidth is 45 nm long when the limit conditions are 1.4 dB of loss and 2.0 dB of uniformity. Fabrication tolerances in the rectangular multimode area, which is the most sensitive one, are ± 3 µm for the width and ± 115 µm for the length. The device is almost completely insensitive to changes in polarisation, and reflected power is negligible. The results achieved show a remarkable improvement with respect to those of classical multimode interference power splitters.
Pyrido [3,4‐ <i>b</i> ]Pyrazines (1979)

This chapter contains sections titled: Physical Properties Methods of Preparation General Reactions Biological Properties Tables
The Prevalence of Low Back Pain Among Children and Adolescents (1997)

Low back pain is a relatively common complaint at adolescence. In addition, a significant part of the pains are recurrent or chronic already with 14-year-old adolescents.
Imaging simulation of maskless lithography using a DMD (2005)

A maskless lithography imaging simulation using digital micromirror device (DMD) was investigated. The DMD acts as a reflective spatial light modulator. The micro-mirrors on DMD can be instructed by the computer to tilt them ±12° off their normal position which produces a mask pattern, and then the mask pattern can be carried onto the surface of wafer by the imaging system. Because the imaging of the maskless lithography is a complex process, it is necessary to simulate and analyze its practical process. In this paper, we present a partial coherent imaging model of maskless lithography considering the practical projection characterization of DMD. With the model, it is convenient to simulate the lithography of arbitrarily shaped microstructure using DMD. Through calculation, the spatial image in maskless lithography process based on gray scale photolithography with DMD real-time masks was obtained.
A switch-on mechanism to activate maize ribosome-inactivating protein for targeting HIV-infected cells (2010)

Maize ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) is a plant toxin that inactivates eukaryotic ribosomes by depurinating a specific adenine residue at the α-sarcin/ricin loop of 28S rRNA. Maize RIP is first produced as a proenzyme with a 25-amino acid internal inactivation region on the protein surface. During germination, proteolytic removal of this internal inactivation region generates the active heterodimeric maize RIP with full N-glycosidase activity. This naturally occurring switch-on mechanism provides an opportunity for targeting the cytotoxin to pathogen-infected cells. Here, we report the addition of HIV-1 protease recognition sequences to the internal inactivation region and the activation of the maize RIP variants by HIV-1 protease in vitro and in HIV-infected cells. Among the variants generated, two were cleaved efficiently by HIV-1 protease. The HIV-1 protease-activated variants showed enhanced N-glycosidase activity in vivo as compared to their un-activated counterparts. They also possessed potent inhibitory effect on p24 antigen production in human T cells infected by two HIV-1 strains. This switch-on strategy for activating the enzymatic activity of maize RIP in target cells provides a platform for combating pathogens with a specific protease.
Heat-Induced Longevity Extension in Drosophila. I. Heat Treatment, Mortality, and Thermotolerance (1997)

Survival data were collected on a total of 28,000 Drosophila melanogaster adults in order to investigate mortality patterns and induced physiological responses after a mild thermal stress. A brief, nonlethal heat treatment extends adult life span at normal temperatures by an average of 2 days (64), compared to nontreated controls of the same genotypes. Life expectancy is extended as a demographic consequence of reduced age-specific mortality over a period of up to several weeks after the heat treatment. Heat treatment also increases tolerance to subsequent, more severe thermal stress. Observations on single-sex populations suggest that heat-induced longevity extension is independent of the suppression of reproductive activity.
Artifact detection in cardiovascular time series monitoring data from preterm infants. (1999)

Artifacts in clinical intensive care monitoring lead to false alarms and complicate data analysis. They must be identified and processed to obtain true information. In this paper, we present a method for detecting artifacts in heart-rate (HR) and mean blood-pressure (BP) data from a physiological monitoring system used in preterm infants. The method uses three different types of artifact detectors: limit-based detectors, deviation-based detectors, and correlation-based detectors. Each identifies artifacts in the monitoring data from a different perspective. By integrating the individual detectors, we develop a parametric artifact detector, called CVDetector. The CVDetector is parametric because its performance depends on the specific values for the parameters in its component detectors. In a huge space of CVDetector instances, we have successfully discovered an optimal CVDetector instance, denoted by CVDetector. The sensitivity and specificity of CVDetector for HR artifacts is 94.8% (SD = 7.6%) and 90.6% (SD = 6.9%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of CVDetector for BP artifacts is 94.2% (SD = 5.3%) and 80.0% (SD = 12.4%), respectively.
Living Lights (1887)

Some of my first slides I find useful to this day, and every clay adds experience, or a xvord from some friend working in the same field.
A comparison of several acoustic representations for speech recognition with degraded and undegraded speech (2003)

Several acoustic representations have been compared in speaker-dependent and independent connected and isolated-word recognition tests with undegraded speech and with speech degraded by adding white noise and by applying a 6-dB/octave spectral tilt. The representations comprised the output of an auditory model, cepstrum coefficients derived from an FFT-based mel-scale filter bank with various weighting schemes applied to the coefficients, cepstrum coefficients augmented with measures of their rates of change with time, and sets of linear discriminant functions derived from the filter-bank output and called IMELDA. The model outperformed the cepstrum representations except in noise-free connected-word tests, where it had a high insertion rate. The best cepstrum weighting scheme was derived from within-class variances. Its behavior may explain the empirical adjustments found necessary with other schemes. IMELDA outperformed all other representations in all conditions and is computationally simple.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>