gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CHONDROCYTE NONRESPONSIVENESS TO INSULIN‐LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 IN EXPERIMENTAL ARTHRITIS (1989)

Inhibition of chondrocyte proteoglycan (PG) synthesis is one of the mechanisms leading to cartilage destruction in joint inflammation. Using murine cartilage from normal and arthritic knee joints, we examined this process. We found that for normal, anatomically intact murine articular cartilage, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a potent anabolic factor. Recombinant IGF-1 at physiologic concentrations in a completely synthetic medium sustained PG synthesis, at the in vivo rate, of patellar cartilage in organ culture. Using an experimental arthritis model, we found that cartilage from an arthritic joint could not be stimulated in vitro with IGF-1. This nonresponsiveness was not caused by a generalized metabolic inhibition of the chondrocytes, because PG synthesis in arthritic cartilage could still be stimulated by forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase. Our data suggest that during joint inflammation, inhibition of chondrocyte PG synthesis is, at least partially, caused by a defect in the IGF-1 responsiveness of the chondrocyte. We propose this finding as a possible pathogenetic mechanism for cartilage destruction in joint diseases.
Arccosine kernels: Acoustic modeling with infinite neural networks (2011)

Neural networks are a useful alternative to Gaussian mixture models for acoustic modeling; however, training multilayer networks involves a difficult, nonconvex optimization that requires some "art" to make work well in practice. In this paper we investigate the use of arccosine kernels for speech recognition, using these kernels in a hybrid support vector machine/hidden Markov model recognition system. Arccosine kernels approximate the computation in a certain class of infinite neural networks using a single kernel function, but can be used in learners that require only a convex optimization for training. Phone recognition experiments on the TIMIT corpus show that arccosine kernels can outperform radial basis function kernels.
Power conditioning units for high power geostationary satellites (2002)

To be competitive on the telecommunication commercial satellites market, the components of the electrical power subsystem (EPS) have to be more and more easily adaptable to the output power level and to the payloads specific characteristics. The design driving factors are not only that required modularity and adaptability, but also the electrical and mechanical performances and the manufacturing costs. The purpose of this paper is to present the two last generations of power conditioning units (PCUs) that were developed by Alcatel ETCA in this context. The first one was developed and "space" qualified in 1994 for telecommunication spacecraft of up to 6 kW. This equipment has already been selected by "Aerospatiale", to fly on more than 12 telecommunication geostationary satellites (Spacebus 3000 platform). Furthermore, the power modules were also used on a large number of scientific spacecraft. The possibility of using two PCUs in a double bus architecture allows the available power to be increased by a factor 2. Then, our new generation of PCUs-still under development-is presented. The equipment, that should be fully "space" qualified by the end of 1998, is developed to answer to the continuous and important increase of the telecommunication satellites power demand, and to improve still further the modularity and cost aspects (full modular concept covering the range from 5 to 20 kW by step of 2.5 kW).
The catabolism of prostaglandins by rat skin (1980)

The activities of NAD+-dependent 15-hydroxy prostaglandin dehydrogenase in soluble fractions of rat skin and lung were compared by using a radiochemical assay method. Tritiated prostaglandin F2 alpha was incubated with NAD+ and 120,000 g supernatant of tissue homogenate. Extracted prostaglandin substrate and reaction products were separated by t.l.c. and quantitatively determined by liquid-scintillation counting. With skin 120,000 g supernatant, 10 mM-NAD+ and an incubation time of 15 min, the mean Vmax. was 5.5 nmol of prostaglandin F2 alpha converted/s per litre of reaction mixture. With lung 120,000 g supernatant, 60 mM-NAD+ and an incubation time of 5 min, the mean Vmax. was 26.9 nmol/s per litre, demonstrating 5-fold greater dehydrogenase activity in lung per unit wet weight of tissue. However, the total wet weight of skin was about 23 times that of lung, on dissection of individual rats, indicating that the entire skin may contain 4.5 times the total 15-hydroxy prostaglandin dehydrogenase activity of the lungs. Skin may thus be an important organ of prostaglandin catabolism.
A Model for HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> Accumulation and Photosynthesis in the Cyanobacterium <i>Synechococcus</i> sp (1985)

A simple model based on HCO(3) (-) transport has been developed to relate photosynthesis and inorganic carbon fluxes for the marine cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. Nägeli (strain RRIMP N1). Predicted relationships between inorganic carbon transport, CO(2) fixation, internal carbonic anhydrase activity, and leakage of CO(2) out of the cell, allow comparisons to be made with experimentally obtained data. Measurements of inorganic carbon fluxes and internal inorganic carbon pool sizes in these cells were made by monitoring time-courses of CO(2) changes (using a mass spectrometer) during light/dark transients. At just saturating CO(2) conditions, total inorganic carbon transport did not exceed net CO(2) fixation by more than 30%. This indicates CO(2) leakage similar to that estimated for C(4) plants.For this leakage rate, the model predicts the cell would need a conductance to CO(2) of around 10(-5) centimeters per second. This is similar to estimates made for the same cells using inorganic carbon pool sizes and CO(2) efflux measurements. The model predicts that carbonic anhydrase is necessary internally to allow a sufficiently fast rate of CO(2) production to prevent a large accumulation of HCO(3) (-). Intact cells show light stimulated carbonic anhydrase activity when assayed using (18)O-labeled CO(2) techniques. This is also supported by low but detectable levels of carbonic anhydrase activity in cell extracts, sufficient to meet the requirements of the model.
A high performance cluster JVM presenting a pure single system image (2000)

Article A high performance cluster JVM presenting a pure single system image Share on Authors: Y. Aridor IBM Haifa Research Lab, Matam, Advanced Technology Center, Haifa, 31905, Israel IBM Haifa Research Lab, Matam, Advanced Technology Center, Haifa, 31905, IsraelView Profile , M. Factor IBM Haifa Research Lab, Matam, Advanced Technology Center, Haifa, 31905, Israel IBM Haifa Research Lab, Matam, Advanced Technology Center, Haifa, 31905, IsraelView Profile , A. Teperman IBM Haifa Research Lab, Matam, Advanced Technology Center, Haifa, 31905, Israel IBM Haifa Research Lab, Matam, Advanced Technology Center, Haifa, 31905, IsraelView Profile , T. Eilam Computer Science Dept., Technion, Israel Institute of technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel Computer Science Dept., Technion, Israel Institute of technology, Haifa, 32000, IsraelView Profile , A. Schuster Computer Science Dept., Technion, Israel Institute of technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel Computer Science Dept., Technion, Israel Institute of technology, Haifa, 32000, IsraelView Profile Authors Info & Claims JAVA '00: Proceedings of the ACM 2000 conference on Java GrandeJune 2000 Pages 168–177https://doi.org/10.1145/337449.337543Published:03 June 2000 18citation525DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations18Total Downloads525Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Kethoxal bis(thiosemicarbazone). I. Effects against experimental tumors. (1965)

Summary The activity of kethoxal bis(thiosemicarbazone) [2-keto-3-ethoxybutyraldehyde bis(thiosemicarbazone)] has been compared to that of methylglyoxal bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) with the use of Sarcoma 180 (S-180), Walker carcinosarcoma 256 (W-256), and 5 other transplantable mouse tumors. In each case, KTS2 was slightly more effective than the methylglyoxal derivative. The delayed inhibition of the growth of S-180 and W-256 caused by KTS was followed by complete tumor regression in a substantial number of cases. Significant therapeutic effects were seen in DBA/2 mice bearing spontaneous mammary tumors. The incidence of regression of S-180 following treatment with KTS was enhanced when the mice were fed a pyridoxine-deficient diet, or when a tumor fragment ⅓ of the usual size was implanted. Increased activity of KTS and uracil mustard combinations was apparent against W-256. Evaluation of the anti-tumor effects observed prompted the preclinical pharmacologic study of KTS.
Measurement of digitalis-like compound in plasma: application in studies of essential hypertension. (1983)

A digitalis-like compound was detected in human plasma by tritiated ouabain competition binding to the sodium pump. The study comprised analyses of plasma extracts from 17 normal controls, 17 normotensive subjects with one or both parents hypertensive, and 16 patients with untreated essential hypertension. In two thirds of the untreated hypertensive and several of the normotensive subjects with a family history of hypertension the potency of the digitalis-like compound, as measured by its interference with ouabain binding, was significantly greater than in the controls. In the untreated hypertensive patients the potency of the compound was significantly correlated with the urinary sodium output. Measurement of this salt-related, digitalis-like compound may be useful in clinical studies of hypertension.
Comparison between the efficacy of photodynamic therapy and topical paromomycin in the treatment of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial (2006)

Topical PDT can be used safely as a rapid and highly effective alternative treatment choice for Old World CL in selected patients.
Distribution of Nicotine between Water and Petroleum Oils (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDistribution of Nicotine between Water and Petroleum OilsL. B. NortonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1940, 32, 2, 241–244Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50362a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50362a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Thomas-Fermi fields for molecules with tetrahedral and octahedral symmetry (1952)

Abstract The Thomas-Fermi method has been applied to molecules with tetrahedral or octahedral symmetry in the approximation in which the nuclei of the outer atoms are smeared out over the surface of a sphere. Solutions are given for the molecules CH 4 , CF 4 , CCl 4 , SiH 4 , SiF 4 and SF 6 , and using the results presented here it will not be a difficult matter to obtain the solutions for other molecules if they should be required. A comparison of the results for CH 4 with those of Buckingham, Massey and Tibbs shows that whilst for such a light molecule the charge distribution is somewhat poor, the potential is already in good agreement with the results of the Hartree self-consistent field method. For CCl 4 , however, the approximation of smoothing out all the protons appears to break down. An alternative approximation in which the K and L shell electrons are compressed into the nucleus and the modified nuclear charges smoothed, has been investigated and appears to give more reasonable results. A discussion of the energy has been given, but the method is not sufficiently accurate to be of value for energetic considerations.
Beyond spatial pooling: Fine-grained representation learning in multiple domains (2015)

Object recognition systems have shown great progress over recent years. However, creating object representations that are robust to changes in viewpoint while capturing local visual details continues to be a challenge. In particular, recent convolutional architectures employ spatial pooling to achieve scale and shift invariances, but they are still sensitive to out-of-plane rotations. In this paper, we formulate a probabilistic framework for analyzing the performance of pooling. This framework suggests two directions for improvement. First, we apply multiple scales of filters coupled with different pooling granularities, and second we make use of color as an additional pooling domain, thereby reducing the sensitivity to spatial deformations. We evaluate our algorithm on the object instance recognition task using two independent publicly available RGB-D datasets, and demonstrate significant improvements over the current state-of-the-art. In addition, we present a new dataset for industrial objects to further validate the effectiveness of our approach versus other state-of-the-art approaches for object recognition using RGB-D data.
Estimation of the Nuclear DNA Content of Gossypium Species (2005)

Due to unknown factors, internal standardization with H. vulgare 'Sultan' may not be appropriate for DNA content determinations of Gossypium. The current DNA content estimates support accepted cytogenetic divisions of the genus. Gossypium is a genus that exhibits genome constancy both through speciation within genomic groups and allopolyploidization.
GIT1 Functions as a Scaffold for MEK1–Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1 and 2 Activation by Angiotensin II and Epidermal Growth Factor (2003)

Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway represented by extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and activation of the upstream kinase (MEK1) are critical events for growth factor signal transduction. c-Src has been proposed as a common mediator for these signals in response to both G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and tyrosine kinase-coupled receptors (TKRs). Here we show that the GPCR kinase-interacting protein 1 (GIT1) is a substrate for c-Src that associates with MEK1 in vascular smooth-muscle cells and human embryonic kidney 293 cells. GIT1 binding via coiled-coil domains and a Spa2 homology domain is required for sustained activation of MEK1-ERK1/2 after stimulation with angiotensin II and epidermal growth factor. We propose that GIT1 serves as a scaffold protein to facilitate c-Src-dependent activation of MEK1-ERK1/2 in response to both GPCRs and TKRs.
Advanced CIGS Photovoltaic Technology: Annual Technical Report--Phase II, 15 November 2002--14 November 2003 (2004)

The objective of this subcontract is to develop and integrate the various pieces of new technology that EPV considers enabling for cost-effective production of CIGS modules. EPV has conducted research to help generate a technology base for production of CIGS PV modules using vacuum deposition of CIGS onto glass. This strategy is consistent with the observation that, despite there being several approaches to forming device-quality CIGS, vacuum deposition has maintained the world record for the highest-efficiency CIGS device. A record thin-film solar cell efficiency of 19.2% (with Ni-Al grid and MgF2 ARC) for a 0.41-cm2 device was achieved by NREL in 2003 using vacuum-deposited CIGS. The deposition employed four point sources and detection of the Cu-poor to Cu-rich transition for process control. To extend this type of processing to the realm of large-area substrates, EPV developed vacuum equipment designed for heating and coating 0.43-m2 moving substrates, with a projected further scale up to 0.79 m2. The substrates are typically low-cost, soda-lime glass, and the materials are supplied to the moving substrates using novel linear-source technology developed by EPV. The use of elemental selenium rather than toxic H2Se gas helps make for a safe manufacturing environment. These choices concerning film deposition, substrates, and source materials help to minimize the processing costs of CIGS.
Contrasts for multichannel blind deconvolution (1996)

A class of optimization criteria is proposed whose maximization allows us to carry out blind multichannel deconvolution in the presence of additive noise. Contrasts presented in the paper encompass those related to source separation and independent component analysis problems.
Temperature-gradient–induced instability in polymer films (2002)

We report the experimental observation and a theoretical model for a thin-film<br/>instability caused by a temperature gradient. A polymer-air double layer sandwiched between<br/>two plates set to different temperatures shows an instability leading to polymer columns or<br/>stripes spanning the two plates. The characteristic wavelength of these patterns scales inversely<br/>with the initial heat flux through the double layer. Theoretically, we describe the heat flow in<br/>terms of the diffusion of heat through the bilayer, causing an interfacial radiation pressure that<br/>destabilizes the film.
Rac Regulates Endothelial Morphogenesis and Capillary Assembly (2002)

Endothelial cells undergo branching morphogenesis to form capillary tubes. We have utilized an in vitro Matrigel overlay assay to analyze the role of the cytoskeleton and Rho GTPases during this process. The addition of matrix first induces changes in cell morphology characterized by the formation of dynamic cellular protrusions and the assembly of discrete aggregates or cords of aligned cells resembling primitive capillary-like structures, but without a recognizable lumen. This is followed by cell migration leading to the formation of a complex interconnecting network of capillary tubes with readily identifiable lumens. Inhibition of actin polymerization or actin-myosin contraction inhibits cell migration but has no effect on the initial changes in endothelial cell morphology. However, inhibition of microtubule dynamics prevents both the initial cell shape changes as well as cell migration. We find that the small GTPase Rac is essential for the matrix-induced changes in endothelial cell morphology, whereas p21-activated kinase, an effector of Rac, is required for cell motility. We conclude that Rac integrates signaling through both the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons to promote capillary tube assembly.
The mitochondrion – an organelle commonly involved in programmed cell death in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2004)

Plant cells undergoing programmed cell death (PCD) at late stages typically show chromatin condensation and endonucleolytic cleavage prior to obvious membrane or organelle ultrastructural changes. To investigate possible early PCD-associated events, we used microscopic observations and flow cytometry to quantitate mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) changes during PCD at the single cell and population levels using Arabidopsis protoplasts. A DeltaPsim loss was commonly induced early during plant PCD and was important for PCD execution, as evidenced by the concomitant reduction of the change in DeltaPsim and PCD by cyclosporin A, which inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pores in animal cells. DeltaPsim loss occurred prior to nuclear morphological changes and was only associated with mitochondrial cytochrome c release (an apoptotic trigger in animals) in response to one of three PCD elicitors. Three different stimuli in wild type implicated DeltaPsim changes in PCD: ceramide, protoporphyrin IX, and the hypersensitive response elicitor AvrRpt2. Additionally, the behavior of the conditional ectopic cell death mutant accelerated cell death2 and ACD2-overproducing plants also implicated DeltaPsim alteration as key for PCD execution. Because ACD2 is largely a chloroplast component in mature plants, the observation that the cell death in acd2 mutants requires changes in mitochondrial functions implicates communication between chloroplasts and mitochondria in mediating PCD activation. We suggest that DeltaPsim loss is a common early marker in plant PCD, similar to what has been documented in animals. However, unlike in animal cells, in plant cells, mitochondrial cytochrome c release is not an obligatory step in PCD control.
Anemia in children. (2001)

Anemia in children is commonly encountered by the family physician. Multiple causes exist, but with a thorough history, a physical examination and limited laboratory evaluation a specific diagnosis can usually be established. The use of the mean corpuscular volume to classify the anemia as microcytic, normocytic or macrocytic is a standard diagnostic approach. The most common form of microcytic anemia is iron deficiency caused by reduced dietary intake. It is easily treatable with supplemental iron and early intervention may prevent later loss of cognitive function. Less common causes of microcytosis are thalassemia and lead poisoning. Normocytic anemia has many causes, making the diagnosis more difficult. The reticulocyte count will help narrow the differential diagnosis; however, additional testing may be necessary to rule out hemolysis, hemoglobinopathies, membrane defects and enzymopathies. Macrocytic anemia may be caused by a deficiency of folic acid and/or vitamin B12, hypothyroidism and liver disease. This form of anemia is uncommon in children.
LXXXIX.—Studies in the resolution of racemic acids by optically active alcohols. Part II. The resolution of atrolactinic and α-hydroxy-β-phenylpropionic acids by l-menthol (1921)

H. Wren and E. Wright, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1921, 119, 798 DOI: 10.1039/CT9211900798