gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Case 17-2003 (2003)

Presentation of CaseA 38-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital in early August 2002 because of fever and confusion.The patient had been well until four days earlier, when a headache gradually developed and increased in intensity, accompanied by mild photophobia and stiffness of the neck. Two days before admission, she believed that she was mildly febrile. The day before admission, she was examined at another facility, where she was told she had a “viral illness.” She was given fluids intravenously and was discharged. On the morning of admission, she awoke with shaking chills and a temperature of 40°C. . . .
IL-2-induced signal transduction involves the activation of nuclear NF-kappa B expression (1992)

Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays and DNA-protein cross-linking techniques, we demonstrate that IL-2 binding to functional forms of the human IL-2R activates nuclear expression of the eukaryotic transcription factor NF-kappa B. These inductive effects of IL-2 were observed in three different cellular systems including human Jurkat T cells stably transfected with IL-2R beta cDNA, mouse pro-B BA/F3 cells stably expressing human IL-2R beta chains either alone or in combination with human or murine IL-2R alpha chains, and purified primary resting human T cells constitutively displaying small numbers of IL-2R beta molecules. IL-2 activation of nuclear NF-kappa B expression is regulated in part at a post-translational level, involving the rapid translocation of both the 50- and 65-kDa subunits of NF-kappa B from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. However, IL-2 induction also produced an increase in mRNA for NF-kappa B p105, indicating an additional pretranslational component of regulation. In contrast, IL-2 exerts only minor effects on NF-kappa B p65 mRNA expression. IL-2 induction of NF-kappa B through the IL-2R beta subunit was both correlated with activation of the endogenous IL-2R alpha gene and critically dependent upon the presence of a serine-rich cytoplasmic domain within IL-2R beta (amino acid residues 267-312). This domain has previously been shown to be essential for IL-2-induced cell growth and may correspond to a binding site for an IL-2R beta-associated tyrosine kinase. Together, these findings suggest that NF-kappa B may play an important role as one intracellular second messenger relaying signals from the plasma membrane to cell nucleus that leads to IL-2-induced activation and growth.
Preparation of 2-Magnesiated 1,3,5-Triazines via an Iodine−Magnesium Exchange (2010)

Functionalized iodo- and diiodo-1,3,5-triazine derivatives readily undergo an I/Mg exchange with BuMgCl, sBuMgCl, or OctMgBr at low temperatures furnishing 2-magnesiated and 2-zincated 1,3,5-triazines (after transmetalation with ZnCl(2)). This method also offers a convenient access to dimagnesiated triazines. Furthermore, it allows the preparation of functionalized 1,3,5-triazinyl dimers and trimers, interesting for their opto-electronic properties.
Metabolism and Interconversion of Dehydroisoandrosterone and Dehydroisoandrosterone Sulfate (1972)

In order to study the dynamic aspects of removal, conjugation and transformations of free dehydroisoandrosterone (DHA) and the transformations, particularly hydrolysis, of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate (DHAS), DHA-7α-3H was administered to two subjects and DHAS-7α-3H was given to a single patient. Within 2 hr after the injection of DHAS-3H, free DHA contained 0.19% of the radioactivity in plasma and maintained this value during the remaining 5 hr of the study. Androsterone (A) and etiocholanolone (E) isolated from the sulfate and glucosiduronate fractions of plasma were also radioactive demonstrating that a portion of them was derived from the tracer, presumably via hydrolysis of DHAS. Within 30 min after injection of DHA-3H, 90% of the radioactivity in the plasma was present in steroid conjugates of which 30% consisted of glucosiduronates. By 7 hr, over 99% of the 3H was present in the conjugates, glucosiduronates comprising less than 10% of the fraction. At this time, circulating free DHA contained 0.7% of the plasma radioactivity. These observations of a rapid and continuing hydrolysis of DHAS as well as the persistence of free DHA in the circulation provide evidence for the presence of a baseline “level” of free DHA below which fluctuating plasma concentrations of the hormone (from episodic secretion) do not fall.
Visual passwords (2009)

Introduction Users of computer systems are accustomed to being asked for passwords -- it is as universal as it is frustrating. In the past there was little tolerance for the problems experienced remembering passwords, and many users still remember, with embarrassment, having to go hat-in-hand to request a password change and being treated with disdain by a lofty administrator. Latterly there is more understanding of the problems experienced by users, especially since the " password conundrum " has reached epidemic proportions for Web users, who are asked for passwords with unrelenting predictability. The problems with passwords are clear -- users cannot remember numbers of meaningless alphanumeric strings with ease. Hence, they react by choosing simple and predictable words or numbers related to their everyday life, and engaging in insecure practices, such as writing passwords down or sharing them. These practices cause a breach affecting even the most secure and protected network system. Hence the user is often called the weakest link of the security chain, with system administrators despairing of trying to maintain security with the weak link so often reaching breaking point. Users forgetting passwords has serious economical consequences for organizations. Both academia and industry have been investigating alternatives to passwords, with varying degrees of success. One of the most well-known solutions is the biometric -- measurement of either behavioral or physiological characteristics of the end-user. This is obviously superior to the password because it removes the burden on the user's memory. So why don't we just switch to biometrics and give the poor user a break? There are some valid and hard-to-overcome reasons for the slow uptake of biometrics, but before we can discuss them we need to consider the mechanics of authentication.
Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens gen. nov., sp. nov., a reductively dehalogenating bacterium isolated from chlorinated solvent-contaminated groundwater (2009)

Two recently reported bacterial strains that are able to reductively dehalogenate polychlorinated aliphatic alkanes, including 1,2,3-trichloropropane, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane and 1,2-dichloroethane, were further characterized to clarify their taxonomic position. The two strains, designated BL-DC-8 and BL-DC-9(T), were mesophilic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, Gram-negative staining and strictly anaerobic. Cells were irregular cocci, 0.3-0.6 mum in diameter. The two strains were resistant to ampicillin and vancomycin. Hydrogen was utilized as an electron donor. The genomic DNA G+C content of strains BL-DC-8 and BL-DC-9(T) was 54.0 and 53.8 mol%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were C(18 : 1)omega9c, C(16 : 1)omega9c, C(16 : 0) and C(14 : 0). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strains cluster within the phylum Chloroflexi, but are related only distantly to all recognized taxa in the phylum. Morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic traits as well as phylogenetic analysis support the conclusion that these two strains represent a novel species of a new genus in the phylum Chloroflexi, for which the name Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens is BL-DC-9(T) (=ATCC BAA-1523(T) =JCM 15061(T)).
A visual agent approach for modeling organizations (2002)

The author proposes a technique for interface design that, in effect, is an organizational model using iconic visual agents, and reports on work currently in progress to produce a working prototype of the technique. The proposed approach involves the application of object-oriented programming techniques (via Smalltalk-80) to encapsulate data and behavior within a large set of icons. The set of icons constitutes a manipulable model world of the organization that can be used not only for system interface purposes but also as a basis for the development of systems that complete managerial-level tasks. The classification scheme used to model organizations is based on a simple hierarchy consisting of persons, things, and processes at the top level and a set of changeable entities at lower levels. The hierarchical class structure, method inheritance, and message-passing paradigm of Smalltalk-80 offer an environment which is itself a good model for the visual agent approach. Also discussed is a method for embedding knowledge bases within the structure of the agents to provide the agents with a limited but functional intelligence.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nanopolaritons: Vacuum Rabi Splitting with a Single Quantum Dot in the Center of a Dimer Nanoantenna (2010)

We demonstrate with accurate scattering calculations that a system constituted by a single quantum emitter (a semiconductor quantum dot) placed in the gap between two metallic nanoparticles can display the vacuum Rabi splitting. The largest dimension of the investigated system is only 36 nm. This nonperturbative regime is highly desirable for many possible applications in quantum information processing or schemes for controlling individual photons. Along this road, it will be possible to implement scalable photonic quantum computation without renouncing to the nanometric size of the classical logic gates of the present most compact electronic technology.
Recollections of the Prairie Chicken and the Sharp-Tailed Grouse in Northwestern Minnesota (1934)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Caractéristiques modales des mouvements d'arbre pour des structures à symétrie cyclique (2013)

Dans le domaine des turbomachines modernes, lors de la recherche d'amélioration du rendement des moteurs, les concepteurs se concentrent généralement sur les aspects suivants: (1) réduction de fuites parasites entre chaque étage du compresseur, (2) conception d'aubes plus fines et légères, et (3) augmentation de la conicité du carter afin d'améliorer les taux de compression. La réduction des fuites suppose une diminution du jeu en sommet d'aube entre les parties tournantes et les parties fixes du moteur, réduction parfois obtenue par l'ajout d'une couche dite de matériau abradable. Ce type de solution technologique, adoptée par des industriels, amène à considérer le contact unilatéral entre le sommet des aubes du compresseur et le carter environnant comme faisant partie des conditions normales d'utilisation du moteur. Cependant, ces contacts peuvent engendrer des interactions rotor/stator complexes et potentiellement dangereuses...
Spatiotemporal and stratigraphic trends in salt-water disposal practices of the Permian Basin, Texas and New Mexico, United States (2019)

Subsurface disposal of salt water coproduced with oil and gas has become a critical issue in the United States because of linkages with induced seismicity, as seen in Oklahoma and northcentral Texas. Here, we assess the spatiotemporal and stratigraphic variations of salt-water disposal (SWD) volumes in the Permian Basin. The results of this analysis provide critical input into integrated assessments needed for handling of produced water and for emerging concerns, such as induced seismicity. Wellbore architecture, permits, and disposal volumes were compiled, interpreted for disposal intervals and geologic targets, and summarized at formation, subregion, a 100-mi2 (260-km2) area, and monthly volumes for the years 1978–2016. Geologic targets were interpreted by intersecting the disposal intervals with gridded stratigraphic horizons and by reviewing well logs where available. A total of 30 billion bbl (∼5 trillion L) were disposed into 73 geologic units within 6 subregions via 8201 active SWD wells for 39 yr. Most disposal occurred in the Midland Basin and Central Basin Platform (CBP) over the first 34 yr but shifted from the CBP to the Delaware Basin over the last 5 yr (2011–2016) with the expansion of unconventional oil and gas production. Approximately half of the salt water is disposed above the major unconventional reservoirs into Guadalupian-aged formations, raising concerns of overpressuring and interference with production. Operators are exploring deeper SWD targets; however, proximity to crystalline basement poses concerns for high drilling costs and the potential for induced seismicity by reactivation of deep-seated faults.
Association Between Type of Medication Instruction and Patients' Knowledge, Side Effects, and Compliance (1987)

The authors measured knowledge about medication and its side effects, impact of side effects, and compliance in 30 chronic outpatients before and after they participated in two instruction sessions about their medication held one month apart. Instruction consisted of a verbal or a written and verbal presentation and minimum or maximum information about side effects. All patients' medication knowledge increased after both sessions. Those on high doses of neuroleptics given verbal and written information gained significantly more medication knowledge than those given only verbal information. After instruction, more patients knew about specific side effects, including tardive dyskinesia, and both patients given only verbal instruction and those given minimum information about side effects had fewer problems with side effects. Instruction did not affect compliance.
Regulation of arachidonic acid, eicosanoid, and phospholipase A2 levels in murine mast cells by recombinant stem cell factor. (1995)

The current study evaluates the capacity of recombinant rat stem cell factor (rrSCF) to regulate enzymes that control AA release and eicosanoid generation in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). Initial studies indicated that rrSCF provided for 24 h inhibited the release of AA into supernatant fluids of antigen- and ionophore A23187-stimulated BMMCs. Agonist-induced increases in cellular levels of AA were also inhibited, albeit to a lesser degree by rrSCF. To determine the inhibitory mechanism, several steps (e.g., mobilization of cytosolic calcium, release of BMMC granules, and regulation of phospholipase A2 [PLA2] activity) that could influence AA release were measured in rrSCF-treated cells. rrSCF did not alter the capacity of BMMCs to mobilize cytosolic calcium or release histamine in response to antigen and ionophore. BMMCs released large amounts of PLA2 with characteristics of the group II family in response to antigen and ionophore A23187. rrSCF treatment of BMMCs reduced the secretion of this PLA2 activity by BMMCs. Partial purification of acid-extractable PLA2 from rrSCF-treated and untreated BMMCs suggested that rrSCF decreased the quantity of acid-stable PLA2 within the cells. In contrast to group II PLA2, the quantity of cPLA2 (as determined by Western blot analysis) increased in response to rrSCF. To assess the ramifications of rrSCF-induced reductions in AA and group II PLA2, eicosanoid formation was measured in antigen- and ionophore-stimulated BMMCs, rrSCF-inhibited (100 ng/ml, 24 h) prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), thromboxane B2, and leukotriene B4 by 48.4 +/- 7.7%, 61.1 +/- 10.0% AND 38.1 +/- 3.6%, respectively, in antigen-stimulated cells. Similar patterns of inhibition were observed in ionophore-stimulated BMMCs. The addition of a group I PLA2 or exogenous AA to BMMCs reversed the inhibition of eicosanoid generation induced by rrSCF. Together, these data indicate that rrSCF differentially regulates group II and cytosolic PLA2 activities in BMMCs. The resultant reductions in eicosanoid generation suggest that group II PLA2 provides a portion of AA that is used for eicosanoid biosynthesis by BMMCs.
In Search of the Perfect Face Lift: A Personal Odyssey (1997)

Thomas D. Rees, MD ASAPS President, 1979–1980.



To me, the change in attitude toward face lift surgery is as important as the changes that have occurred in surgical technique. Forty years ago and for many years thereafter, it was implied by many of our academic leaders that face lifting was beneath the dignity of any legitimately motivated plastic surgeon and was not worthy of serious attention. The procedure was considered necessary only as a source of income. Breast reduction and rhinoplasty were considered to be more “reconstructive” and thus acceptable, but face lifting was thought to be pure vanity surgery. Rhytidectomy was rarely included in the formal curriculum of a training program, and the operation was shrouded in mystery.

This recollection is supported by the paucity of papers on rhytidectomy in the plastic surgery literature by respected authors in the 1950s and ’60s. Those that were published were sparse in detail and generally of poor quality; they were limited to the subjective views of the authors, who often reported fanciful techniques dreamed up in an armchair. Very few books on aesthetic surgery were available in the 1950s, and none were written by “legitimate” well-trained plastic surgeons. The most widely read book on the subject, The Surgery of Injury and Plastic Repair ,1 was filled with information and techniques gleaned from the literature and was often of questionable practical validity.

At that time, didactic teaching was virtually nonexistent. To become proficient, it was necessary for surgeons of my generation to harvest tidbits of technique from many sources. Aesthetic surgery papers were rare at the national meetings of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons and much rarer still at the Association meetings. For many years such papers were rejected out of hand by the program committees, reflecting the prejudice …
The effect of measles on the thymus and other lymphoid tissues. (1973)

The histological changes in the thymus and other lymphoid tissues in cases of severe measles resulting in death during the acute phase or at sometime afterwards (from a presumably unrelated cause) have been surveyed and compared with cases of similar age and duration of illnesses other than measles which were admitted to the same infectious diseases hospital. Severe changes of aggregation and formation of large syncytia of thymocytes which progressed to cytoplasmic and nuclear destruction were observed early in the disease (at 4 days). These `giant-cells' failed to show either nuclear or cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Such cases when seen at a later stage had total loss of thymic cortex. After measles the cortex of the thymus can be absent for at least 2 months. Thus no cortex was discernible in cases of post-measles death at 28 and 64 days; recovery of cortex was seen at 91 and 122 days. Other cases of severe systemic disease entering the same hospital also showed loss of thymic cortex from 6 days of illness. Thus, although measles-determined aggregative destruction of thymocytes can cause rapid loss of cortex, the final histological picture of the latter need not necessarily have been preceded by the same type of measles-dependent thymocyte destruction. Although thymocyte aggregation and secondary depletion were the most obvious histological result, a careful quantitation of the medulla and of HassalFs corpuscles showed a small decrease in both tissues in the acute phase. Cases recovering from measles showed a small decrease in the number of Hassall's corpuscles. Measles-specific changes were not found in lymphoid tissues other than the thymus of these cases.
Telomere lengthening and telomerase activation during human B cell differentiation (1997)

The function of the immune system is highly dependent on cellular differentiation and clonal expansion of antigen-specific lymphocytes. However, little is known about mechanisms that may have evolved to protect replicative potential in actively dividing lymphocytes during immune differentiation and response. Here we report an analysis of telomere length and telomerase expression, factors implicated in the regulation of cellular replicative lifespan, in human B cell subsets. In contrast to previous observations, in which telomere shortening and concomitant loss of replicative potential occur in the process of somatic cell differentiation and cell division, it was found that germinal center (GC) B cells, a compartment characterized by extensive clonal expansion and selection, had significantly longer telomeric restriction fragments than those of precursor naive B cells. Furthermore, it was found that telomerase, a telomere-synthesizing enzyme, is expressed at high levels in GC B cells (at least 128-fold higher than those of naive and memory B cells), correlating with the long telomeres in this subset of B cells. Finally, both naive and memory B cells were capable of up-regulating telomerase activity in vitro in response to activation signals through the B cell antigen receptor in the presence of CD40 engagement and/or interleukin 4. These observations suggest that a novel process of telomere lengthening, possibly mediated by telomerase, functions in actively dividing GC B lymphocytes and may play a critical role in humoral immune response by maintaining the replicative potential of GC and descendant memory B cells.
An Overview of Return-Path Ellipsometry (2019)

Ellipsometry is an optical method used for characterizing materials and thin films. The principle is based on the polarization change at a sample due to the reflection or transmission at boundaries. By the measurement of the amplitude ratio Ψ and the phase difference Δ, the complex refractive index can be obtained. Ellipsometers can be used in various industries, e.g., semiconductor, chemistry, and display industry. The typical applications are quality control of film growth and defect inspection. In the configuration of return-path ellipsometry (RPE), the light beam is reflected twice from the sample. Thus, RPE has a higher sensitivity to the optical properties of samples. Some configurations of RPE have high tilt tolerance which is an important requirement for inline measurement. This report gives an introduction to the principle of ellipsometry and an overview of four different types of RPE.
Random Copolymerization of ε-Caprolactone and Lactides Promoted by Pyrrolylpyridylamido Aluminum Complexes (2012)

The monomethylaluminum complexes 1 and 2, bearing pyrrolylpyridylamido as dianionic [−NNN–] tridentate ligands with general formula [NNN]AlMe, were synthesized and tested as initiators in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone, l-lactide, and d,l-lactide. In the presence of 1 equiv of alcohol, compounds 1 and 2 were highly active initiators in the ROP of ε-CL (TOF up to 4000 molCL molAl–1 h–1), and they showed moderate activity in the ROP of lactides (TOF up to 1.7 molLA molAl–1 h–1). The polymerization processes proceeded with a living mechanism; moreover, the obtained PLAs resulted isotactic-enriched with Pm values up to 76%. More interestingly, this class of catalysts promoted the random copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and lactides. In particular, compound 1 allowed excellently controlled random copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and d,l-lactide as indicated by both the values of the reactivity ratios of the two monomers (rLA = 1.17; rCL = 1.36) and the average lengths of the caproyl and lactidyl sequences (LCL = 2.0; LLA = 2.5).