gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Moringa oleifera Seeds and Oil: Characteristics and Uses for Human Health (2016)

<i>Moringa oleifera</i> seeds are a promising resource for food and non-food applications, due to their content of monounsaturated fatty acids with a high monounsaturated/saturated fatty acids (MUFA/SFA) ratio, sterols and tocopherols, as well as proteins rich in sulfated amino acids. The rapid growth of <i>Moringa</i> trees in subtropical and tropical areas, even under conditions of prolonged drought, makes this plant a reliable resource to enhance the nutritional status of local populations and, if rationalized cultivation practices are exploited, their economy, given that a biodiesel fuel could be produced from a source not in competition with human food crops. Despite the relatively diffuse use of <i>Moringa</i> seeds and their oil in traditional medicine, no pharmacological activity study has been conducted on humans. Some encouraging evidence, however, justifies new efforts to obtain clear and definitive information on the benefits to human health arising from seed consumption. A critical review of literature data concerning the composition of <i>Moringa</i> oil has set in motion a plan for future investigations. Such investigations, using the seeds and oil, will focus on cultivation conditions to improve plant production, and will study the health effects on human consumers of <i>Moringa</i> seeds and their oil.
A comparison of a passive (filtered) and an active (driven) probe for RF plasma diagnostics (1991)

Two electrostatic probes have been tested simultaneously in the same plasma. The passive design uses a distributed inductive chain to block RF signals from the probe tip. The tip itself is capacitively coupled to a secondary ring electrode of large area, which effectively drives the probe tip potential in phase with the plasma space potential. The active design substitutes an externally generated sinusoidal signal (synchronous with the plasma excitation) of controllable phase and amplitude for the signal from the ring. Both probes were located on the mid-plane of a capacitively coupled RF plasma. In most cases the passive probe is found to float more positive than the active one. Both probes give results in close agreement when the plasma excitation is predominantly sinusoidal. The passive probe has a broad-band response which enables its tip to follow more closely non-sinusoidal RF potentials in the plasma. The active probe is more expensive in terms of components external to the plasma chamber but is considerably simpler to construct.
Action now on obesity could save millions of lives (2007)

The chair of the National Obesity Forum Colin Waine has said the health threat posed to society by obesity ‘will hit us much earlier than climate change’. Health secretary Alan Johnson said recently that the magnitude of the problem is becoming clear for the first time and ‘it is in everyone’s interest to turn things round’.
Wavelet Approach for ECG Baseline Wander Correction and Noise Reduction (2005)

Electrocardiographic (ECG) analysis plays an important ortant role in safety assessment during new drug development and in clinical diagnosis. The pre-processing of ECG analysis consists of low-frequency baseline wander (BW) correction and high-frequency artifact noise reduction from the raw ECG. We present approaches for BW correction and de-noising based on discrete wavelet transformation (DWT). We estimate the BW via coarse approximation in DWT with recommendations for how to select wavelets and the maximum depth for decomposition ition level. We reduce the high-frequency noise via Empirical Bayes posterior median wavelet shrinkage method with leveldependent ependent and position dependent thresholding values. The methods are applied to a real example. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can effectively remove both low-and high-frequency noise.
Integrated echo and noise canceller for hands-free applications (2002)

This paper presents a new integrated acoustic echo and noise canceller for hands-free communications that includes computationally efficient double-talk detection, residual echo cancellation, and IS-127 noise reduction. The proposed system was implemented in real-time using a 16-bit fixed-point DSP.
On the mode of action of the herbicides cinmethylin and 5‐benzyloxymethyl‐1, 2‐isoxazolines: putative inhibitors of plant tyrosine aminotransferase (2011)

The results suggest that TAT7 or another TAT isoenzyme is the putative target of the herbicides.
Imipenem resistance in clinical isolates of <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> associated with alterations in penicillin-binding proteins (1995)

Two strains of Proteus mirabilis, IpR1 and IpR2, resistant to both imipenem and mecillinam, but susceptible to other beta-lactams were isolated from blood cultures of patients who had been treated with imipenem. Strain IpR1 was isolated in the same sample as a P. mirabilis IpS1 which was susceptible to imipenem and mecillinam. Strains IpR1 and IpR2 did not produce a beta-lactamase and their outer membrane protein profiles were similar to those of IpS1 and P. mirabilis ATCC 29906. Electrophoretic profiles of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) showed a decrease in PBP 1A of strains IpR1 and IpR2 compared with IpS1 and ATCC 29906. Competition experiments revealed a decrease in affinity of PBP 2 for imipenem from strain IpR1. These findings suggest that imipenem resistance in P. mirabilis might result from altered PBPs, as reported for Acinetobacter baumanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement: History and current indications (2015)

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is an effective way to treat patients with symptomatic severe aortic valve stenosis who are deemed high risk or inoperable. Current data suggest that the mortality and stroke rates are acceptable compared to surgical aortic valve replacement. There is a possible utility in moderate-risk patients as more data become available.
Antimicrobial resistance in Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile derived from humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2020)

Resistance to metronidazole, vancomycin, fidaxomicin, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam is reported rarely. From the alternative CDI drug treatments, tigecycline had a lower resistance rate than rifampin. The high-risk antimicrobials for CDI development showed a high level of resistance, the highest was seen in the second generation of fluoroquinolones and clindamycin; amoxicillin/clavulanate showed almost no resistance. Tetracycline resistance was present in one fifth of human clinical C. difficile isolates.
A 9Gbit/s serial transceiver for on-chip global signaling over lossy transmission lines (2008)

A 9 Gbit/s serial link transceiver for on-chip global signaling is presented. A transmitter serializes 8 b 1.125 Gbyte/s parallel data and transmits over 5.8 mm of lossy on-chip transmission line. The receiver de-serializes the data with the help of a digitally-tuned interpolator. An error checking block verifies the recovered and de-serialized data against the original data and counts the number of discrepancies. The prototype transceiver, implemented in 0.13 mum 8 metal CMOS, achieves 9 Gbit/s with four pre-defined data patterns and a measured BER is less than 10-10.
Segmentation-based view synthesis for three-dimensional video (2012)

This paper investigates the use of segmentation in view synthesis for three-dimensional video. View synthesis is the process of generating novel views of a scene, using a set of views as the reference. Recently, several techniques that use depth maps for rendering virtual views have been suggested. However, inaccuracy in depth maps causes annoying visual artifacts in depth-based view synthesis. This paper presents an efficient depth image-based rendering technique based on segmentation using multi-level thresholding. In the proposed algorithm, first all the images are segmented according to the depth and the pixels belonging to different objects are warped and blended independently. Based on multi-level thresholding, an algorithm for finding the ghost contour pixels is provided which simplifies the computations. A novel inpainting method for disocclusions has been introduced which uses the segmented images to find the associated background boundary pixels. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the PSNR of the synthesized views up to 0.68 dB for the multi-view video test sequences and eliminates the annoying visual artifacts.
The genotypic diversity of Pseudomonas brassicacearum populations isolated from roots of Arabidopsis thaliana: influence of plant genotype (2001)

Pseudomonas brassicacearum is a newly described bacterial species isolated from the rhizosphere of Arabidopsis thaliana.The P. brassicacearum populations were isolated from the rhizosphere of two ecotypes of A. thaliana (Wassilewskija (WS) and Columbia (COL)), a mutant of Columbia impaired in starch metabolism (pgm mutant), and a genetically distant plant (wheat), grown in a French eutric cambisol (Me ¨re ¨ville).The strains were isolated on semi-selective media.Their diversity was assessed using repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR profiling and their affiliation to the P. brassicacearum species using ARDRA and siderotyping.A total of 379 strains isolated in two experiments were clustered into 68 REP-genotypes.Statistical analysis showed that the genetic structure of the P. brassicacearum populations was homogeneous for strains isolated from different plants of the same genotype within the same experiment, but significantly differed across the four tested plant genotypes.Comparison of the REP-genotype distributions showed that some bacterial genotypes were poorly represented, whereas others were strongly stimulated by plant roots.
A novel multi-OS architecture for robot application (2011)

In this paper we present a new multi-OS architecture designed particularly for SMP platform that run RTOS and GPOS on different CPUs. No modification is needed on the GPOS side. With this architecture we can achieve high performance with little engineering cost. A prototype multi-OS called RGMP (RTOS and GPOS on Multi-Processor) has been implemented using Linux as GPOS and μC/OS-II as RTOS to verify its feasibility. The result shows it is faster than RTAI and two OSes won't affect each other. The applications of RGMP co-operating with ROS on robots are also illustrated.
Super-criticality revisited (1995)

Critical path analysis has been suggested as a technique for establishing a lower bound on the completion times of parallel discrete event simulations. A protocol is super-critical if there is at least one simulation that can complete in less than the critical path time using that protocol. Previous studies have shown that several practical protocols are super-critical while others are not. We present a sufficient condition to demonstrate that a protocol is super-criticality. It has been claimed that super-criticality requires independence of one or more messages (states) on events in the logical past of those messages (states). We present an example which contradicts this claim and examine the implications of this contradiction on lower bounds.
Solubilization of particulate organic carbon during the acid phase of anaerobic digestion (1981)

Hydrolysis of particulates to soluble substrates rather than bacterial growth was the rate-limiting step during the acid phase of anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge, and pH had a greater effect on the process than did influent solids concentrations, suggesting that digestability can be improved for highly variable feed sludges by separate phase digestion for acid production and CH/sub 4/ production. Carbohydrates were more readily degraded than nitrogenous materials, and lipids remained unaffected. A model of the acid phase of digestion is formulated.
A system to specify and manage multipolicy access control models (2003)

This paper describes the architecture and the core specification language of an extensible access control system, called MACS-Multipolicy Access Control System. Several access control models are supported. by the proposed system, including the mandatory model, a flexible discretionary model, and RBAC. In addition, by using the core specification language, users can define their own access control models. The language is complemented by a number of tools supporting users in the tasks of model specification and analysis, and authorization management. The proposed system is a multipolicy system in that it allows one to apply different policies to different partitions of the set of objects to be protected. Therefore, different access control policies can co-exist, thus enhancing the flexibility of the system.
Additive Effects of Human Recombinant Interleukin-11 and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Experimental Gram-Negative Sepsis (1999)

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) is widely used to promote granulocyte recovery from a variety of pathologic states. Recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) has recently become available clinically as a platelet restorative agent after myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Preclinical data has shown that rhIL-11 limits mucosal injury after chemotherapy and attenuates the proinflammatory cytokine response. The potential efficacy of combination therapy with recombinant human forms of rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF was studied in a neutropenic rat model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. At the onset of neutropenia, animals were randomly assigned to receive either rhG-CSF at a dose of 200 micrograms/kg subcutaneously every 24 hours for 7 days; rhIL-11 at 200 micrograms/kg subcutaneously every 24 hours for 7 days; the combination of both rhG-CSF and rhIL-11; or saline control. Animals were orally colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12.4.4 and then given a myelosuppressive dose of cyclophosphamide. rhG-CSF resulted in a slight increase in absolute neutrophil counts (ANC), but did not provide a survival advantage (0 of 12, 0% survival) compared with the placebo group (1 of 12, 8% survival). rhIL-11 was partially protective (4 of 10, 40% survival); the combination of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11 resulted in a survival rate of 80% (16 of 20; P <.001). rhIL-11 alone or in combination with rhG-CSF resulted in preservation of gastrointestinal mucosal integrity (P <.001), lower circulating endotoxin levels (P <.01), and reduced quantitative levels of P. aeruginosa in quantitative organ cultures. These results indicate that the combination of rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF is additive as a treatment strategy in the prevention and treatment of experimental Gram-negative sepsis in immunocompromised animals. This combination may prove to be efficacious in the prevention of severe sepsis in neutropenic patients.
Über die Eigenschaften einiger Phenyl‐azol‐Derivate (1950)

Abstract Es wird über die Synthesen einiger Phenyl‐azol‐Derivate berichtet, von denen auf Grund der Struktur eine tuberkulostatische Aktivität zu erwarten war.
Elements in the Interpretation of Platinum Electrode Potentials in Biological Treatment (1992)

The zero current potential of a platinum electrode in a biological medium (wastewater, activated sludge) is strongly dependent on the surface characteristics of the metal. It is also influenced by pH (probably Pt/PtO system), dissolved oxygen (O2/OH- system), and ionic forms of nitrogen (NO2-/NH4+ and NO3-/NO2-systems). The experimental values of the coefficients relating the stabilized potential of a platinum electrode to the logarithm of the concentration of the elements under consideration (Nernst equations) are significantly different from the thermodynamic coefficients corresponding to each reaction. The platinum is thus not in equilibrium with the dissolved redox reactants and is likely subject to mixed potentials in which the adsorbed components play an important role.
Management Alternatives for Post-polio Respiratory Insufficiency (1989)

Post-poliomyelitis patients may develop insidious respiratory failure. Chronic alveolar hypoventilation symptoms are often misdiagnosed and the condition is frequently treated inappropriately by oxygen therapy. Physicians are often at a loss to offer assisted ventilation by noninvasive methods and tracheostomy and long-term tracheostomy intermittent positive pressure ventilation is often refused. We studied the use of two noninvasive positive airway pressure alternatives for the nocturnal ventilatory support of 31 post-poliomyelitis patients. These methods were intermittent positive pressure ventilation via nasal access (NIPPV) and via a strapless oral-nasal interface (SONI IPPV). The use of custom fabricated interfaces was also evaluated. Practical alternatives for assisted daytime ventilation included glossopharyngeal breathing, the pneumobelt ventilator and mouth intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Overnight sleep monitoring was performed on 10 patients breathing autonomously or with body ventilators then repeated on NIPPV and/or SONI IPPV. The mean sleep oxygen saturation (SaO2) increased from 87.5 +/- 9.1% on unassisted breathing or body ventilators to 96.2 +/- 2.0% (P less than 0.01) on NIPPV or SONI IPPV. Of 12 other patients with a mean vital capacity of 472 +/- 480 ml and no significant free time supine, 11 patients also maintained SaO2 greater than 94% during sleep supine on NIPPV and/or SONI IPPV. Twenty-one patients have been on nocturnal NIPPV for an average of 23 (3-70) months. Six have been on nocturnal SONI IPPV for an average of 35 (5-66) months. All patients' hypoventilation symptoms were relieved. In conclusion, NIPPV and SONI IPPV can improve the nocturnal ventilation of post-poliomyelitis patients with chronic alveolar hypoventilation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Augmented Reality Visualization with Use of Image Overlay Technology for MR Imaging–guided Interventions: Assessment of Performance in Cadaveric Shoulder and Hip Arthrography at 1.5 T (2012)

Image overlay technology provides accurate and efficient MR guidance for successful shoulder and hip arthrography in human cadavers.
Role of Biomarkers in Sepsis Care (2013)

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, even with the current availability of extended-spectrum antibiotics and advanced medical care. Biomarkers offer a tool in facilitating early diagnosis, in identifying patient populations at high risk of complications, and in monitoring progression of the disease, which are critical assessments for appropriate therapy and improvement in patient outcomes. Several biomarkers are already available for clinical use in sepsis; however, their effectiveness in many instances is limited by the lack of specificity and sensitivity to characterize the presence of an infection and the complexity of the inflammatory and immune processes and to stratify patients into homogenous groups for specific treatments. Current advances in molecular techniques have provided new tools facilitating the discovery of novel biomarkers, which can vary from metabolites and chemical products present in body fluids to genes and proteins in circulating blood cells. The purpose of this review was to examine the current status of sepsis biomarkers, with special emphasis on emerging markers, which are undergoing validation and may transition into clinical practice for their informative value in diagnosis, prognosis, or response to therapy. We will also discuss the new concept of combination biomarkers and biomarker risk models, their existing challenges, and their potential use in the daily management of patients with sepsis.
A Deep Ranking Model for Spatio-Temporal Highlight Detection from a 360 Video (2018)

We address the problem of highlight detection from a 360 degree video by summarizing it both spatially and temporally. Given a long 360 degree video, we spatially select pleasantly-looking normal field-of-view (NFOV) segments from unlimited field of views (FOV) of the 360 degree video, and temporally summarize it into a concise and informative highlight as a selected subset of subshots. We propose a novel deep ranking model named as Composition View Score (CVS) model, which produces a spherical score map of composition per video segment, and determines which view is suitable for highlight via a sliding window kernel at inference. To evaluate the proposed framework, we perform experiments on the Pano2Vid benchmark dataset and our newly collected 360 degree video highlight dataset from YouTube and Vimeo. Through evaluation using both quantitative summarization metrics and user studies via Amazon Mechanical Turk, we demonstrate that our approach outperforms several state-of-the-art highlight detection methods. We also show that our model is 16 times faster at inference than AutoCam, which is one of the first summarization algorithms of 360 degree videos
Anthraquinone Derivatives Produced by marine-derived Penicillium flavidorsum SHK1-27 and Their Antitumor Activities (2007)

Aim To investigate the antitumor agents produced by marine-derived Penicillium flavidorsum SHK1-27. Methods The producing strain SHK1-27 was fermented in a rotary shaker and bioactive metabolites in the fermentation broth were isolated through a bioassay-guided separation procedure. Structures of the bioactive compounds were investigated by spectroscopic methods and their in vitro antitumor activities were assayed by the SRB method using K562 cells. Results Eight anthraquinone derivatives were isolated from the fermentation broth of P. flavidorsum SHK1-27 and were identified as nidurufin(1), averufin(2), 8-O-methylaverufin(3), 6,8-O-dimethylaverufin(4), versicolorin B (5), versicolorin A (6), versiconol (7) and averantin (8), respectively. Compounds 1-8 inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells and could be classified as strong(1 and 8 with the IC50 values of 12.6 and 27.7 μmol•L^(-1) respectively), moderate(2,5,6 and 7 with the IC50 values of 72.4, 91.0, 98.7 and 93.4μmol•L^(-1) respectively)and weak(3 and 4 both with the same IC50 value of＞ 100μmol•L^(-1)) activity groups, respectively. The results showed some structure-activity relationships. Conclusion This is the first report of compounds 1-8 as the secondary metabolites of P. flavidorsum species, 1, 5 and 6 were isolated from fungal metabolites of the genus Penicillium for the first time, and 7 was found to occur in nature for the first time. The antitumor activities of compounds 1-8 on K562 cells were also reported for the first time in the present study.
A comparative study of cyclization strategies applied to the synthesis of head‐to‐tail cyclic analogs of a viral epitope (1999)

A family of head-to-tail cyclic peptide models of the antigenic site A (G-H loop of viral protein 1) of foot-and-mouth disease virus has been designed on the basis of the three-dimensional structure adopted by the linear peptide YTASARGDLAHLTTT upon binding to neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. Three different methods of cyclization have been examined to access the peptides. Solution cyclization of a minimally protected linear precursor provided the expected products but required several purification steps that lowered the yields to approximately 10%. The two other approaches relied on side-chain anchoring of the peptide through the Asp residue and cyclization on the solid phase. A synthetic scheme combining Fmoc, tBu and OAI protections was practicable but inefficient when scaled-up. The combination of Boc, Bzl and OFm protections was more promising, but suffered from high epimerization during the initial esterification of Boc-Asp-OFm to benzyl alcohol-type resins. This problem was solved by performing the esterification via the cesium salt of Boc-Asp-OFm. With this improvement, the Boc/Bzl/OFm has become the method of choice for the preparation of cyclic head-to-tail peptides in satisfactory yields and with minimal purification.