gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Some 6-Substituted Uracils<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome 6-Substituted Uracils1JEROME P. HORWITZ and ARTHUR J. TOMSONCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 9, 3392–3395Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01067a091https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01067a091research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views395Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Ganglioside GD3 and its Comparison with Bovine GD3 with Regard to Oligodendrocyte Apoptosis Mitochondrial Damage (2001)

2,3-Dehydroneuraminic acid derivative 5 was transformed in five efficient steps into sialyl donor 2, which has a phenylthio group on the b-side of the 3-position for anchimeric assistance and a diethyl phosphite residue as leaving group at the anomeric carbon.The known GM3 intermediate 10 was transformed into the 4b,4c,8c-O-unprotected acceptor 3, which was then allowed to react with 2 by using TMSOTf as catalyst and acetonitrile as solvent to afford the desired tetrasaccharide 12, which has an a(2 ± 8)-linkage between two neuraminic acid residues.Removal of the phenylthio group gave intermediate 13, which was transformed into O-tetraosyl trichloroacetimidate 16 as glycosyl donor.Application of the azidosphingosine glycosylation procedure furnished GD3 (1) in high overall yield.Comparison of synthetic GD3 with bovine-brain-derived GD3 showed that there were similar effects in GD3-triggered uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration and in induction of apoptosis in oligodendrocytes.
Physical Layer Packet Coding: Inter-Block Cooperative Coding for 5G (2016)

5G sets stringent requirement on delay, which means large packets have to be segmented into shorter ones. However, the gain of turbo coding can be severely degraded due to short code size. In this paper, a novel coding and encoding scheme is proposed to obtain high coding gain under short size. The idea is to encode multiple short code blocks cooperatively to obtain a long code size. In the process of encoding, an XOR operation is conducted on certain parts of previously encoded blocks to introduce correlation. The mechanism of successive interference cancelation (SIC) receiver is applied in the decoding procedure and each code block utilizes the extrinsic information from the correlated parts from other code blocks. The scheme incurs no extra delays at reduced complexity. Simulation results show the scheme can yield equivalent or better performance than using traditional turbo code on long code block.
Developments in Automotive Steam Powerplants (1969)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Lower emission characteristics of external combustion engines, compared to internal combustion engines, have brought on renewed interest in the use of steam power in automobiles. The values for the performance and economy of automotive steam engines are comparable with the corresponding values for conventional automotive I. C. engines.</div>
Directed evolution on the cold adapted properties of TAB5 alkaline phosphatase (2008)

Psychrophilic alkaline phosphatase (AP) from the Antarctic strain TAB5 was subjected to directed evolution in order to identify the key residues steering the enzyme's cold-adapted activity and stability. A round of random mutagenesis and further recombination yielded three thermostable and six thermolabile variants of the TAB5 AP. All of the isolated variants were characterised by their residual activity after heat treatment, Michaelis-Menten kinetics, activation energy and microcalorimetric parameters of unfolding. In addition, they were modelled into the structure of the TAB5 AP. Mutations which affected the cold-adapted properties of the enzyme were all located close to the active site. The destabilised variants H135E and H135E/G149D had 2- and 3-fold higher kcat, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme. Wild-type AP has a complex heat-induced unfolding pattern while the mutated enzymes loose local unfolding transitions and have large shifts of the Tm values. Comparison of the wild-type and mutated TAB5 APs demonstrates that there is a delicate balance between the enzyme activity and stability and that it is possible to improve the activity and thermostability simultaneously as demonstrated in the case of the H135E/G149D variant compared to H135E.
Cervical spinal cord lesions disrupt the rhythm in human melatonin excretion. (1978)

To determine whether spinal cord lesions disrupt the diurnal activity of the human pineal, urinary melatonin levels were measured over 24 hours (4 or 8-hourly intervals) in male patients with clinical evidence of cervical spinal cord transection. During the waking state, levels of melatonin in these subjects ranged from 3.2--13.5 ng/4 hours; during sleep and darkness, values ranged from 1.8--10.5 ng/4 hours. Levels of serum cortisol, aldosterone, and growth hormone showed rhythmic variations in these subjects. The absence of significant nocturnal melatonin increases distinguishes quadriplegic subjects from normal males and from one subject with a lesion of the lumbar spinal cord. These differences may be caused by "decentralization" of the pineal organ due to a lesion within the cervical spinal cord interrupting descending sympathetic fibers. If so, the human pineal, like that of other mammals, is regulated, at least in part, by activity within the central nervous system via sympathetic nervous connections.
Pseudo Sigmoid Function Generator for a Superconductive Neural Network (2012)

A superconductive perceptron, an artificial neural network, has been investigated using single flux quantum (SFQ) stochastic logic. A superconductive pseudo sigmoid function generator that corresponds to an artificial neuron device for the perceptron has been proposed and implemented using an SFQ current comparator and a frequency-to-current converter, which generates current that is proportional to the average input SFQ frequency. A frequency-to-current converter has been implemented using a dc-SQUID voltage driver coupled with a Josephson transmission line. We implemented and tested the pseudo sigmoid function generator using the SRL 2.5 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> Nb process. The measured input-output characteristic agreed with the ideal sigmoid function with an average error of 0.063%.
Low Intensity Laser Therapy in Disc Derangement Disorders of Temporomandibular Joint: A Review Article (2013)

Temporomandibular disorders embrace a number of clinical conditions that involves the masticatory musculature, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures. The most frequent cause of TMJ disorders are disc derangement disorders which involve progressive slipping or displacement of articular disc. Various conservative treatment strategies for disc derangement disorders includes pharmacologic therapy, psychological counselling, treatment of parafunctional habits, use of occlusal splints and acupuncture which gives short term relief only. Recently, a non traumatic introduction to dentistry can be represented by low level laser therapy or soft laser therapy. It has proved to be an effective treatment modality in management of disc derangement disorders through its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, the goal of this review article is to explore the use of low level laser therapy as an emerging trend in the management of disc derangement disorders of TMJ.
Method for Measuring Cellular Optical Absorption and Scattering Evaluated Using Dilute Cell Suspension Phantoms (2001)

The opal glass method (OGM) is a standard technique used by the ocean optics community to measure the spectral absorption coefficients of algal suspensions. We present and evaluate this method for its potential application to measurements of the inherent optical properties (optical absorption and scattering coefficients) of dilute mammalian cell suspensions, as an alternative to the integrating sphere method. In a series of controlled experiments on absorbing and scattering phantoms (Evans blue dye and polystyrene spheres 1–20 μm in diameter), separation of absorption and scattering was possible with less than 20% error in absorption coefficient estimates for particles with major scattering components in the size range of 2–5 μm.
6-Deoxy-13-hydroxy-8,11-dione-dihydrogranaticin B, an Intermediate in Granaticin Biosynthesis, from <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. CPCC 200532 (2014)

A new granaticin analogue and its hydrolysis product were isolated from Streptomyces sp. CPCC 200532. Their structures were determined to be 6-deoxy-13-hydroxy-8,11-dione-dihydrogranaticins B (1) and A (2), respectively, by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data. Compound 1 was regarded as an intermediate in granaticin biosynthesis, as it was bioconvertable to granaticin B. Compared to granaticin B, 1 showed similar cytotoxicity against cancer cell line HCT116, but decreased cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines A549, HeLa, and HepG2. Compound 2 displayed lower cytotoxicity than 1 against all four cancer cell lines tested.
Miniphage -- a Class of Satellite Phage to M13 (1975)

Satellite or defective bacteriophage particles can appear in extensively recycled stocks of coliphage M13. These particles, herein known as miniphage, replicate using the wild type bacteriophage as a helper. Their physical properties (u.v. spectra, sedimentation of DNA and bacterophage, electrophoretic moblitiy) are described and a method for the isolation of specific satellite bacteriophage is presented.
Spectral response characterization of CdTe sensors of different pixel size with the IBEX ASIC (2018)

We characterized the spectral response of CdTe sensors with different pixel sizes – namely 75, 150 and 300 μm – bonded to the latest generation IBEX single photon counting ASIC developed at DECTRIS, to detect monochromatic X-ray energy in the range 10–60 keV. We present a comparison of pulse height spectra recorded for several energies, showing the dependence on the pixel size of the non-trivial atomic fluorescence and charge sharing effects that affect the detector response. The extracted energy resolution, in terms of full width at half maximum or FWHM, ranges from 1.5 to 4 keV according to the pixel size and chip configuration. We devoted a careful analysis to the Quantum Efficiency and to the Spectral Efficiency — a newly-introduced measure that quantifies the impact of fluorescence and escape phenomena on the spectrum integrity in high-Z material based detectors. We then investigated the influence of the photon flux on the aforementioned quantities up to 180⋅106 cts/s/mm2 and 50⋅106 cts/s/mm2 for the 150 μm and 300 μm pixel case, respectively. Finally, we complemented the experimental data with analytical and with Monte Carlo simulations – taking into account the stochastic nature of atomic fluorescence – with an excellent agreement.
Methods and Materials for Childhood Education (Thru Grade VI) (1948)

H. George Murphy, William E. Young, Methods and Materials for Childhood Education (Thru Grade VI), Review of Educational Research, Vol. 18, No. 3, The Curriculum: Learning and Teaching (Jun., 1948), pp. 249-264
ExsB, an unusually highly phosphorylated protein required for the stable attachment of the exosporium of Bacillus anthracis (2010)

The outermost layer of the Bacillus anthracis spore, the exosporium, is composed of a paracrystalline basal layer and an external hair-like nap. The nap is formed from a single collagen-like glycoprotein, while the basal layer contains many different proteins, including a 186-amino acid protein called ExsB. In this study, we discovered that ExsB is unusually highly phosphorylated, with at least 14 of its 19 threonine residues modified. The phosphorylated threonines are included in seven contiguous approximately 12-residue imperfect repeats, which presumably contain kinase recognition sequences. We demonstrated that a B. anthracis DeltaexsB mutant unable to synthesize ExsB produced spores with an exosporium that was readily sloughed, indicating that ExsB was required for stable exosporium attachment. This unstable exosporium also lacked the enzyme alanine racemase, which is normally tightly associated with the exosporium. Additionally, purified DeltaexsB spores lacking a visible exosporium were devoid of most exosporium proteins but, surprisingly, retained the putative exosporium proteins BxpC and CotB-1. Finally, we showed that transcription of the exsB gene occurred only during the late stages of sporulation, and we used an active and phosphorylated ExsB-EGFP fusion protein to monitor ExsB localization to wild-type and DeltabxpB mutant exosporia.
Optimal trade-off between sampling rate and quantization precision in Sigma-Delta A/D conversion (2015)

The optimal sampling frequency in a Sigma-Delta analog-to-digital converter with a fixed bitrate at the output is studied. We consider the mean squared error performance metric where the input signal statistics are known. Fixing the output bitrate introduces a trade-off between the sampling rate and the number of bits used to quantize each sample. That is, while increasing the sampling rate reduces the in-band quantization noise, it also reduces the number of bits available to quantize each sample and therefore increases the magnitude of the quantization noise. The optimal sampling rate is the result of the interplay between these two phenomena. In this work we analyze the sampling rate of a Sigma-Delta modulator of arbitrary order under the approximation that the quantization error behaves like additive white noise that is uncorrelated with the signal. We show that for a signal with a spectrum that is constant over its bandwidth, the optimal sampling rate is either the Nyquist rate or the maximal sampling rate corresponding to the output bitrate. The choice between the two is approximately a function of the Sigma-Delta system order and the bitrate per unit bandwidth.
Stability of High-Temperature Enzymes (1992)

Proteins are being considered or designed for operation in many unusual environments: high temperatures, extremes of pH, organic media, high salt levels, etc. As yet, there are no quantitative, fundamental models available to predict how particular proteins might respond to particular environments. One key protein property is stability, the thermodynamic tendency of the protein to maintain or reassume the folded form. Although many factors stabilize proteins, it is widely believed that hydrophobic effects are the dominant contributor to stability. We develop here a phase equilibrium approach to protein stability which models the protein molecule as a hydrophobic "phase" and the thermodynamic parameters of unfolding (enthalpy and heat capacity change) as average properties of the amino acids composing this protein phase. This model successfully predicts experimentally observed protein stability in several systems. This phase equilibrium approach to protein stability requires no sequence information or solved X-ray structures; only the amino acid composition of independently folding domains is required. Behavior of high temperature enzymes is predicted and interpreted in terms of the model.
Structure‐Function Relationships for some Metalloalkaline Phosphatases of <i>E. coli</i> (1969)

The alkaline phosphatase of Escherichia coli is a zinc metalloprotein with a metal to enzyme ratio of 4. Inorganic phosphate protects the four zinc atoms against removal by EDTA. Cadmium and manganese can replace zinc on its four binding sites. Samples of phosphatase with different proportions of zinc and cadmium or of zinc and manganese have been prepared and tested for their enzymatic activity. These results together with others suggest a model which involves two functional and two structural zinc atoms. The zinc atoms necessary for the activity would have different apparent binding constants for the apoenzyme. This conclusion is in agreement with Cohen and Wilson's scheme postulated in 1966. Dissociation constants for Me 2+ ‐apophosphatase complexes were determined (Me 2+ = Zn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cd 2+ , Co 2+ , Mn 2+ ). These constants follow the order Ni 2+ > Co 2+ > Zn 2+ > Cd 2+ = Mn 2+ . The optical rotatory dispersion spectra of these different metallophosphatases are very similar between 25° and 55° suggesting little change in protein structure. However, only Co 2+ and Zn 2+ alkaline phosphatases are active enzymes.
Stabilization of the Transition State of the Chorismate-Prephenate Rearrangement: An ab Initio Study of Enzyme and Antibody Catalysis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStabilization of the Transition State of the Chorismate-Prephenate Rearrangement: An ab Initio Study of Enzyme and Antibody CatalysisOlaf Wiest and K. N. HoukCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 47, 11628–11639Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00152a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00152a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views386Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Royal Fish (1924)

Royal Fish Get access J. E. G. J. E. G. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume CXLVII, Issue aug09, 9 August 1924, Page 104, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/CXLVII.aug09.104b Published: 09 August 1924
Multimodal Biometric Authentication Using Fingerprint and Iris Recognition in Identity Management (2013)

The majority of deployed biometric systems today use information from a single biometric technology for verification or identification. Large-scale biometric systems have to address additional demands such as larger population coverage and demographic diversity, varied deployment environment, and more demanding performance requirements. Today's single modality biometric systems are finding it difficult to meet these demands, and a solution is to integrate additional sources of information to strengthen the decision process. A multibiometric system combines information from multiple biometric traits, algorithms, sensors, and other components to make a recognition decision. Besides improving the accuracy, the fusion of biometrics has several advantages such as increasing population coverage, deterring spoofing activities and reducing enrolment failure. The last 5 years have seen an exponential growth in research and commercialization activities in this area, and this trend is likely to continue. Therefore, here we propose a novel multimodal biometric authentication approach fusing iris and fingerprint traits at score-level. We principally explore the fusion of iris and fingerprint biometrics and their potential application as biometric identifiers. The individual comparison scores obtained from the iris and fingerprints are combined at score-level using a three score normalization techniques (Min-Max, Z-Score, Hyperbolic Tangent) and four score fusion approaches (Minimum Score, Maximum Score Simple Sum and User Weighting). The fused-score is utilized to classify an unknown user into the genuine or impostor.
Complete Amino Acid Sequence of Urotensin I, a Hypotensive and Corticotropin-Releasing Neuropeptide from <i>Catostomus</i> (1982)

Urotensin I, purified from extracts of the urophysis of a teleost fish (Catostomus commersoni), exhibits potent hypotensive activity (mammals and birds) and corticotropin-releasing activity (both fish and mammals). The primary structure of this 41-residue peptide was determined to be H-Asn-Asp-Asp-Pro-Pro-Ile-Ser-Ile-Asp-Leu-Thr-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Arg-Asn-Met-Ile-Glu- Met-Ala-Arg-Ile-Glu-Asn-Glu-Arg-Glu-Gln-Ala-Gly-Leu-Asn-Arg-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Glu -Val-NH2. Extraction with 0.1N HCl at 100 degrees C cleaves the amino-terminal tripeptide, yeilding a fully active analog, urotensin I(4-41). The amino acid sequence was confirmed by measuring the biological activity of synthetic urotensin I(4-41). Urotensin I exhibits a striking sequence homology with ovine corticotropin-releasing factor and with frog sauvagine. These three peptides exhibit similar activities in biological test systems.
Relationship between Aortic-to-radial Arterial Pressure Gradient after Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Changes in Arterial Elasticity (2003)

The results showed that the decrease in PWV implies a decrease in arterial elasticity, and the decrease in the arterial elasticity correlated with the decrease in intraarterial pressure. These findings demonstrated that a radial artery pressure lower than the aortic pressure after CPB may be due to the decrease in arterial elasticity.
Up-regulation of NICE-3 as a Novel EDC Gene Could Contribute to Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2012)

The epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) contains a large number of gene products which are crucial for the maturation of the human epidermis and can contribute to skin diseases, even carcinogenesis. It is generally acepted that activation of oncogenes and/or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes play pivotal roles in the process of carcinogenesis. Here, NICE-3, a novel EDC gene, was found to be up-regulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Furthermore, overexpression of exogenous NICE-3 by recombinant plasmids could significantly promote cell proliferation, colony formation and soft agar colony formation in Focus and WRL-68 HCC cell lines. Reversely, NICE-3 silencing by RNA interference could markedly inhibit these malignant phenotypes in YY-8103 and MHCC-97H cells. Moreover, cell cycle analysis of MHCC-97H transfected with siRNA by flow cytometry showed that NICE-3 knockdown may inhibit cell growth via arrest in G0/G1 phase and hindering entry of cells into S phase. All data of our findings indicate that NICE-3 may contribute to human hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting cell proliferation.
Web3.0 Password Protection Management Strategy (2011)

The paper discusses that in Web3.0 era embodies the wealth and value of user Internet activities,users can protect and manage their ID and password by three ways such as conventional method,dynamic password and third-party software.