gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure-Based Design and Synthesis of Antiparasitic Pyrrolopyrimidines Targeting Pteridine Reductase 1 (2014)

The treatment of Human African trypanosomiasis remains a major unmet health need in sub-Saharan Africa. Approaches involving new molecular targets are important; pteridine reductase 1 (PTR1), an enzyme that reduces dihydrobiopterin in Trypanosoma spp., has been identified as a candidate target, and it has been shown previously that substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines are inhibitors of PTR1 from Trypanosoma brucei (J. Med. Chem. 2010, 53, 221-229). In this study, 61 new pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines have been prepared, designed with input from new crystal structures of 23 of these compounds complexed with PTR1, and evaluated in screens for enzyme inhibitory activity against PTR1 and in vitro antitrypanosomal activity. Eight compounds were sufficiently active in both screens to take forward to in vivo evaluation. Thus, although evidence for trypanocidal activity in a stage I disease model in mice was obtained, the compounds were too toxic to mice for further development.
Iris Recognition for Partially Occluded Images: Methodology and Sensitivity Analysis (2006)

Accurate iris detection is a crucial part of an iris recognition system. One of the main issues in iris segmentation is coping with occlusion that happens due to eyelids and eyelashes. In the literature, some various methods have been suggested to solve the occlusion problem. In this paper, two different segmentations of iris are presented. In the first algorithm, a circle is located around the pupil with an appropriate diameter. The iris area encircled by the circular boundary is used for recognition purposes then. In the second method, again a circle is located around the pupil with a larger diameter. This time, however, only the lower part of the encircled iris area is utilized for individual recognition. Wavelet-based texture features are used in the process. Hamming and harmonic mean distance classifiers are exploited as a mixed classifier in suggested algorithm. It is observed that relying on a smaller but more reliable part of the iris, though reducing the net amount of information, improves the overall performance. Experimental results on CASIA database show that our method has a promising performance with an accuracy of 99.31%. The sensitivity of the proposed method is analyzed versus contrast, illumination, and noise as well, where lower sensitivity to all factors is observed when the lower half of the iris is used for recognition.
A New Assay for Prostatic acid Phosphatase in Serum (1959)

Journal Article A New Assay for Prostatic acid Phosphatase in Serum Get access Arthur L. Babson, Ph.D., Arthur L. Babson, Ph.D. 1Department of Biochemistry, The Warner-Lambert Research Institute, Morris Plains, New Jersey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Prunella A. Read, A.B. Prunella A. Read, A.B. 1Department of Biochemistry, The Warner-Lambert Research Institute, Morris Plains, New Jersey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 32, Issue 1_ts, July 1959, Pages 88–91, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/32.1_ts.88 Published: 01 July 1959 Article history Received: 19 January 1959 Revision received: 19 February 1959 Accepted: 26 February 1959 Published: 01 July 1959
Epidemiology of Insect Venom Sensitivity (1989)

The prevalence of insect sting reaction and of venom sensitization in adults is unknown. We report the results of intake evaluation of a stratified random sample of a large adult population previously studied for the determinants of atopic disease. In 269 subjects, the prevalence of systemic allergic sting reactions was 3.3% and 26.5% had IgE antibodies to venom demonstrated by skin test or radioallergosorbent test. Asymptomatic sensitization (positive venom skin test) was observed in 15% of subjects with no history of an allergic sting reaction. Positive venom skin tests were more frequent in men, in those with positive skin tests to inhalant allergens, and in subjects aged 20 through 29 years. A positive venom skin test or radioallergosorbent test was more frequent in subjects who had been stung within the previous 3 years (35%) than in those stung more than 3 years before (20%). We conclude that both systemic allergic reactions to insect stings and asymptomatic sensitivity to venom are common and that most affected persons never seek medical advice. The significance of asymptomatic venom sensitization is unknown.
Studies on the Surface Property of Pt/KL Zeolite Catalysts (1994)

Abstract Pt/KL catalysts prepared by ion exchange (IE), ion exchange followed by the addition of KCl (IE-KCl), incipient wetness impregnation (IWI), and coimpregnation with KCl (IWI-KCl) were compared regarding the aromatization of hexane, and were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, the chemisorption of H2 and NH3, the competitive hydrogenation of toluene and benzene, and the infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed CO. The majority of Pt particles on the various Pt/KL catalysts seem to be highly dispersed inside the zeolite channels. The presence of KCl in the Pt/KL catalysts resulted in a decrease in the acidity of zeolite, giving rise to a reduction in the C1–C5 selectivity, regardless of the method of catalyst preparation. The competitive reaction of toluene/benzene and FT-IR results consistently show that the Pt particles on the IE-KCl catalyst have the most electron-rich sites among the Pt/KL samples examined. The high specific activity for benzene production of the IE-KCl catalyst should be attributed to these Pt particle sites with high electron-donating ability. It is proposed that the terminal adsorption of hexane, resulting in the formation of primary alkyl species, is favorable on electron-rich Pt particles, leading to a 1,6-ring closure, and eventually benzene.
Advanced Audiovisual Rendering, Gesture-Based Interaction and Distributed Delivery for Immersive and Interactive Media Services (2011)

The media industry is currently being pulled in the often-opposing directions of increased realism (high resolution, stereoscopic, large screen) and personalisation (selection and control of content, availability on many devices). A capture, production, delivery and rendering system capable of supporting both these trends is being developed by a consortium of European organisations including partners from the broadcast, film, telecoms and academic sectors, in the EU-funded FascinatE project. This paper reports on the latest project developments in the delivery network and end-user device domains, including advanced audiovisual rendering, computer analysis and scripting, content-aware distributed delivery and gesture-based interaction. The paper includes an overview of existing immersive media services and concludes with initial service concept descriptions and their market potential.
Amino-borate complexation for controlling transport phenomena of penetrant molecules into polymeric matrices (2019)

The development of new high performance materials, coatings, composites and adhesives relies on insight into the origin of performance on a molecular level. This research explores a new type of epoxy-amine-borate (EAB) hybrid material for control of penetrant solvent molecules into cross-linked thermoset polymer networks. The properties of these materials are explored through material and mechanical testing and model studies are used to probe the mode-of-action through which EAB materials deliver their improved performance properties.
Hmong Population and Demographic Trends in the 2010 Census and 2010 American Community Survey (2012)

Utilizing 2010 data from the U.S. Census and the American Community Survey, this article discusses shifting Hmong population trends at the national, regional, metropolitan and census tract level. The article also assesses contemporary Hmong demographics across the U.S.including age distribution, gender distribution, disability status, health insurance coverage and naturalization and foreign-born status. Policy implications of the population and demographic trends presented in the article are discussed.
Scilliroside and other scilla compounds in red squill (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScilliroside and other scilla compounds in red squillAnthony J. Verbiscar, Jagjivanbhai Patel, Thomas F. Banigan, and Robert A. SchatzCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1986, 34, 6, 973–979Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00072a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00072a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metodologia e primi risultati di un modello previsivo dei prezzi del petrolio. (2006)

Il lavoro si concentra nella definizione di una batteria di modelli di previsione del prezzo del petrolio. Si parte da un modello VAR comprendente diverse scadenze del futures sul petrolio quotato sul NYMEX (WTI), per arrivare ad un modello strutturale multiequazionale. Elementi fondamentali del modello sono le variabili che descrivono
Adipose tissue, inflammation and atherosclerosis (2014)

Extensive research of recent decades has revealed manifold metabolic functions of adipose tissue, beyond its purpose as a simple storage organ for fatty acids. Consequently, proinflammatory mediators have been identified that actively promote atherosclerosis. This review therefore highlights the complex interactions between selected cytokines and mediators originating from adipose tissue and atherothrombosis.
A Brain-Machine Interface Operating with a Real-Time Spiking Neural Network Control Algorithm. (2011)

Motor prostheses aim to restore function to disabled patients. Despite compelling proof of concept systems, barriers to clinical translation remain. One challenge is to develop a low-power, fully-implantable system that dissipates only minimal power so as not to damage tissue. To this end, we implemented a Kalman-filter based decoder via a spiking neural network (SNN) and tested it in brain-machine interface (BMI) experiments with a rhesus monkey. The Kalman filter was trained to predict the arm's velocity and mapped on to the SNN using the Neural Engineering Framework (NEF). A 2,000-neuron embedded Matlab SNN implementation runs in real-time and its closed-loop performance is quite comparable to that of the standard Kalman filter. The success of this closed-loop decoder holds promise for hardware SNN implementations of statistical signal processing algorithms on neuromorphic chips, which may offer power savings necessary to overcome a major obstacle to the successful clinical translation of neural motor prostheses.
Homogeneous assay for measuring low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum with triblock copolymer and alpha-cyclodextrin sulfate. (1998)

We have developed a fully automated method for measuring LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) in human serum without the need for prior separation, using a nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolyether (POE-POP), and a sodium salt of sulfated cyclic maltohexaose, alpha-cyclodextrin sulfate. Of the surfactants tested, POE-POP with a higher molecular mass of the POP block and a greater hydrophobicity reduced the reactivity of cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions; the reactivity in descending order was LDL >> VLDL > chylomicron approximately HDL. Gel filtration chromatographic studies revealed that POE-POP removed lipids selectively from the LDL fraction and allowed them to participate in the cholesterol esterase-cholesterol oxidase coupling reaction system. By contrast, alpha-cyclodextrin sulfate reduced the reactivity of cholesterol, especially in chylomicrons and VLDL. A combination of POE-POP with alpha-cyclodextrin sulfate provided the required selectivity for the determination of LDL-C in serum in the presence of magnesium ions and a small amount of dextran sulfate without precipitating lipoprotein aggregates. There was a good correlation between the results of LDL-C assayed by the proposed method and the beta-quantification reference method involving 161 sera with triglyceride concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 22.6 mmol/L.
Cyclic nitroxides inhibit the toxicity of nitric oxide-derived oxidants: mechanisms and implications (2008)

The substantial therapeutic potential of tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy) and related cyclic nitroxides as antioxidants has stimulated innumerous studies of their reactions with reactive oxygen species. In comparison, reactions of nitroxides with nitric oxide-derived oxidants have been less frequently investigated. Nevertheless, this is relevant because tempol has also been shown to protect animals from injuries associated with inflammatory conditions, which are characterized by the increased production of nitric oxide and its derived oxidants. Here, we review recent studies addressing the mechanisms by which cyclic nitroxides attenuate the toxicity of nitric oxide derived oxidants. As an example, we present data showing that tempol protects mice from acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and discuss the possible protection mechanism. In view of the summarized studies, it is proposed that nitroxides attenuate tissue injury under inflammatory conditions mainly because of their ability to react rapidly with nitrogen dioxide and carbonate radical. In the process the nitroxides are oxidized to the corresponding oxammonium cation, which, in turn, can be recycled back to the nitroxides by reacting with upstream species, such as peroxynitrite and hydrogen peroxide, or with cellular reductants. An auxiliary protection mechanism may be down-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. The possible therapeutic implications of these mechanisms are addressed.
Review Essay (2006)

Unpopular Culture: The Rules of Complaint in. British Bank. John Weeks. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2004.
Fowler–Nordheim analysis of oxides on 4H-SiC substrates using noncontact metrology (2009)

A noncontact corona-Kelvin metrology technique was applied to investigate stress-induced leakage current (SILC) on thermal and afterglow thermal oxides grown on n-type 4H-SiC substrates. The equivalent oxide thickness was extracted from noncontact C-V measurements and used to obtain the experimental Fowler–Nordheim (F-N) plots. Differences between characteristics calculated from theory and experimental plots were found. Modification of the theoretical F-N characteristics with respect to trapped charge phenomena effectively eliminated the offset between theoretically predicted and experimental curves for thermal oxides grown at atmosphere but was unable to achieve such agreement in the case of afterglow oxides. Only variations in the effective barrier and trapped charge combined provided overlay between calculated and experimental F-N plots for afterglow oxides. In addition, the SILC property VSASS, or self-adjusting steady state voltage, is suggested as a useful monitor characteristic for oxides on SiC. This parameter was larger for afterglow oxides compared to thermal oxides of similar thickness. The SASS voltage also showed that the afterglow oxide interface was stable to substrate injected stress fluence in accumulation compared to thermal oxide of comparable thickness.
Novel Approaches to the Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting (1999)

Nausea and vomiting are debilitating symptoms complicating many clinical conditions. Conventional antiemetic agents act as muscarinic, histamine, and dopamine receptor antagonists in the central nervous system. In a retrospective analysis, tricyclic antidepressant drugs demonstrated efficacy in long-term treatment of functional nausea. Some cases of vomiting result from impaired gastrointestinal motor activity. Agents which act on gastric serotonin (5-HT4), dopamine, and motilin receptors accelerate gastric emptying and relieve symptoms in gastroparesis. Recent investigations suggest that some patients with refractory gastroparesis may benefit from gastric electrical pacing. The treatment of acute chemotherapy-induced emesis was revolutionized by 5-HT3 receptor antagonists; however, these agents are less efficacious in delayed vomiting. Neurokinin (NK-1) receptor antagonists show promise in treating delayed chemotherapy-evoked emesis. Furthermore, animal studies indicate a broad spectrum of action for NK-1 antagonists in treating diverse causes of nausea and vomiting. The cyclic vomiting syndrome is characterized by discrete episodes of relentless vomiting separated by asymptomatic intervals and is associated with migraine headaches. Antimigraine therapies including the 5-HT1D receptor agonists sumatriptan reduce the severity of cyclic vomiting attacks. Investigations into these and other novel treatments may provide important advances in the care of difficult cases of nausea and vomiting resulting from disparate illnesses.
Exploiting Syntactic and Distributional Information for Spelling Correction with Web-Scale N-gram Models (2011)

We propose a novel way of incorporating dependency parse and word co-occurrence information into a state-of-the-art web-scale n-gram model for spelling correction. The syntactic and distributional information provides extra evidence in addition to that provided by a web-scale n-gram corpus and especially helps with data sparsity problems. Experimental results show that introducing syntactic features into n-gram based models significantly reduces errors by up to 12.4% over the current state-of-the-art. The word co-occurrence information shows potential but only improves overall accuracy slightly.
Ga<sub>46</sub>Sb<sub>54</sub>Material for Fast Switching and Pb-Free Soldering Reflow Process Complying Phase-Change Memory (2014)

The properties of Ga46Sb54 material have been studied with respect to its usefulness for phase-change memory (PCM). An unusual inverse optical contrast where the crystalline phase has lower reflectance than amorphous phase compared to typical phase-change materials was observed. The high crystallization temperature of thin film ensures this material's excellent data retention. This material has been demonstrated to pass 260°C solder reflow thermal cycling as determined from optical laser testing and also prototype PCM device testing. The short SET time of 60 ns realized in Ga46Sb54 devices makes this material very attractive with respect to fast switching and high temperature data retention.
Chemical composition of seeds of some species of the genus<i>Gossypium</i> (1977)

SUMMARY Chemical analyses were carried out on the three main commercial varieties in the Sudan and some wild species of Gossypium. A genome-specific pattern was not found for either the oil content, fatty acids, amino acids or seed index. G. sturtianum differed significantly from the other species in oil content with a substantial amount of unsaturated fatty acids and of the essential amino acids. A breeding programme has been started to incorporate such desirable characters into the commercial varieties.
Reading Car License Plates Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and LSTMs (2016)

In this work, we tackle the problem of car license plate detection and recognition in natural scene images. Inspired by the success of deep neural networks (DNNs) in various vision applications, here we leverage DNNs to learn high-level features in a cascade framework, which lead to improved performance on both detection and recognition. Firstly, we train a $37$-class convolutional neural network (CNN) to detect all characters in an image, which results in a high recall, compared with conventional approaches such as training a binary text/non-text classifier. False positives are then eliminated by the second plate/non-plate CNN classifier. Bounding box refinement is then carried out based on the edge information of the license plates, in order to improve the intersection-over-union (IoU) ratio. The proposed cascade framework extracts license plates effectively with both high recall and precision. Last, we propose to recognize the license characters as a {sequence labelling} problem. A recurrent neural network (RNN) with long short-term memory (LSTM) is trained to recognize the sequential features extracted from the whole license plate via CNNs. The main advantage of this approach is that it is segmentation free. By exploring context information and avoiding errors caused by segmentation, the RNN method performs better than a baseline method of combining segmentation and deep CNN classification; and achieves state-of-the-art recognition accuracy.
Spatial Relationship of the C-Terminal Domains of Dystrophin and β-Dystroglycan in Cardiac Muscle Support a Direct Molecular Interaction at the Plasma Membrane Interface (1998)

Dystrophin and beta-dystroglycan are components of a complex of at least nine proteins (the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex) that physically link the membrane cytoskeleton in skeletal and cardiac muscle, through the plasma membrane, to the extracellular matrix. Mutations in the dystrophin gene, which result in an absence or a quantitative or qualitative alteration of dystrophin, cause a subset of familial dilated cardiomyopathies as well as Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy. Biochemical studies on isolated skeletal muscle molecules indicate that dystrophin is bound to the glycoprotein complex via beta-dystroglycan, with the C-terminus of beta-dystroglycan binding to the cysteine-rich domain and first half of the C-terminal domain of dystrophin. Ultrastructural labeling has demonstrated a close spatial relationship between dystrophin and beta-dystroglycan in intact skeletal muscle, but no previous ultrastructural labeling studies have examined the dystrophin/beta-dystroglycan interaction in cardiac muscle. In the present study, we have applied complementary immunoconfocal microscopy and double immunogold fracture-label, a freeze-fracture cytochemical technique that allows high-resolution visualization of labeled membrane components in thin section and in platinum-carbon replicas, to investigate the spatial relationship between dystrophin and beta-dystroglycan in rat cardiac muscle. When immunogold probes of two different sizes for the two proteins were used, "doublets" representing side-by-side antibody labeling were demonstrated in en face views at the level of the plasma membrane. The results support the conclusions that dystrophin and beta-dystroglycan directly interact at the cytoplasmic face of the rat cardiac muscle plasma membrane.