gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fully Enclosed Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Applications in Water and Harsh Environments (2013)

The first fully enclosed triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that can be used to harvest wave and wind energies without being affected by harsh environmental conditions are reported. A TENG is fabricated in an enclosed sphere, driven by the turbulence/disturbance in the environment. TENGs fabricated in a fully enclosed cylinder can be used to harvest energy from mechanical vibration and/or shaking. The generated energy can be stored in a Li-ion battery for driving an ascorbic acid biosensor. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The Cytoplasmic Domain of L-Selectin Participates in Regulating L-Selectin Endoproteolysis (2001)

Neutrophil recruitment at sites of inflammation is regulated by a series of adhesion and activation events. L-selectin (CD62L) is a leukocyte expressed adhesion protein that is important for neutrophil accumulation and rolling along the vascular endothelium. L-selectin is unique from other adhesion molecules involved in leukocyte transmigration in that its adhesiveness appears to be regulated partly by rapid endoproteolysis. Cleavage of L-selectin occurs within a membrane-proximal region that results in ectodomain shedding and retention of a 6-kDa transmembrane fragment. The cleavage domain of L-selectin has been well characterized through mutational analysis. Whether the cytoplasmic domain of L-selectin also plays a role in regulating shedding is controversial. We have previously shown that the Ca(2+)-sensing protein calmodulin (CaM) constitutively associates with the cytoplasmic domain of L-selectin in transfected cell lines. However, in the absence of mapping and mutational analysis of the CaM-binding region of L-selectin, there remains no direct evidence that this interaction affects shedding. Using synthesized peptides and expressed L-selectin constructs, we demonstrate that CaM binding activity occurs in the membrane-proximal region of the cytoplasmic domain. Mutations engineered in this region that prevent CaM binding increase the proteolytic turnover of L-selectin. Moreover, we demonstrate that CaM binding to the 6-kDa transmembrane fragment is greatly reduced compared with intact L-selectin in neutrophils, suggesting that CaM binding is regulated. These data imply that the cytoplasmic domain of L-selectin can regulate shedding by a mechanism in which bound CaM may operate as a negative effector.
A Comparison of Chitosan and Collagen Sponges as Hemostatic Dressings (2005)

The hemostatic capability, adhesion ability and biocompatibility of chitosan sponges were compared with commercial collagen sponges. The chitosan sponges were briefly immersed in an aqueous 20% ammonia solution before being applied to a rabbit cervical vein wound. The total amount of bleeding from the injured veins until hemostasis was similar for both chitosan and collagen sponges. The complete hemostasis success rates for both the chitosan and collagen sponges were also similar. Under hemostasis, the chitosan sponges strongly adhered to the surface of the rabbit muscles, whereas the collagen sponges were easily detached from the muscles. Under wet conditions, however, there was no significant difference in the adhesive ability between the two sponges. During implantation, the chitosan sponges were much more flexible and resistant to breakage than the collagen sponges. The biocompatibilities and biodegradation rates of the two sponges were totally different after subcutaneous implantation in rabbits. The chitosan sponge was degraded much slower than the collagen sponge, while tissue responses for the chitosan sponges were much greater than for the collagen sponges.
Efficacy of Radiation Countermeasures Depends on Radiation Quality (2012)

The detonation of a nuclear weapon or a nuclear accident represent possible events with significant exposure to mixed neutron/γ-radiation fields. Although radiation countermeasures generally have been studied in subjects exposed to pure photons (γ or X rays), the mechanisms of injury of these low linear energy transfer (LET) radiations are different from those of high-LET radiation such as neutrons, and these differences may affect countermeasure efficacy. We compared 30-day survival in mice after varying doses of pure γ and mixed neutron/γ (mixed field) radiation (MF, Dn/Dt = 0.65), and also examined peripheral blood cells, bone marrow cell reconstitution, and cytokine expression. Mixed-field-irradiated mice displayed prolonged defects in T-cell populations compared to mice irradiated with pure γ photons. In mouse survival assays, the growth factor granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was effective as a (post-irradiation) mitigator against both γ-photons and mixed-field radiation, while the thrombopoietin (TPO) mimetic ALXN4100TPO was effective only against γ irradiation. The results indicate that radiation countermeasures should be tested against radiation qualities appropriate for specific scenarios before inclusion in response plans.
Negative signaling by inhibitory receptors: the NK cell paradigm (2008)

Receptors carrying immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs (ITIMs) in their cytoplasmic tail control a vast array of cellular responses, ranging from autoimmunity, allergy, phagocytosis of red blood cells, graft versus host disease, to even neuronal plasticity in the brain. The inhibitory function of many receptors has been deduced on the basis of cytoplasmic ITIM sequences. Tight regulation of natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production by inhibitory receptors specific for major histocompatibility complex class I molecules has served as a model system to study the negative signaling pathway triggered by an ITIM-containing receptor in the physiological context of NK-target cell interactions. Advances in our understanding of the molecular details of inhibitory signaling in NK cells have provided a conceptual framework to address how ITIM-mediated regulation controls cellular reactivity in diverse cell types.
Das thermische Verhalten von Natriumdiamidophosphat, Darstellung von kondensierten Imidophosphaten (1956)

Abstract Es wird die Darstellung von reinem kristallisiertem Natriumdiamidophosphat beschrieben. – Bei der Erhitzung des entwässerten Salzes auf 160°C im Hochvakuum entsteht ein Gemisch von polymerhomologen Diamido‐imidophosphaten von der allgemeinen Formel Na n P n O 2n (NH) n−1 (NH 2 ) 2 , die sich papierchromatographisch nachweisen lassen. Die Anwesenheit des Gliedes mit n = 2 läßt sich chemisch beweisen durch die Bildung von bekanntem Natrium‐imidodiphosphat mit Hilfe von salpetriger Säure. Bei dieser Reaktion werden die anderen Glieder gleichzeitig in die entsprechenden Verbindungen Na n+2 P n O 2n+2 (NH) n−1 übergeführt mit n = 3 … 6, die sich papierchromatographisch trennen lassen. – Wird die thermische Zersetzung des Na‐diamidophosphates bei Temperaturen bis zu 200° ausgeführt, so bildet sich eine polymer‐homologe Reihe von kondensierten Diamido‐imidophosphaten mit einer Kettenlänge, die im Mittel 6 P‐Atome umfaßt. Bei einer Temperatur von 250° steigt die mittlere Kettenlänge bis zu etwa 18 P‐ Atomen an. Bis zu dieser Kettenlänge sind die Stoffe in Wasser völlig löslich. Die aus den Diamidoderivaten mittels salpetriger Säure darstellbaren kettenförmigen, kondensierten Imidophosphate sind Analoga der bekannten Oligo‐ bzw. Polyphosphate.
Molecular characterisation and epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of blaOXA-181 carbapenemase-producing isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in South Africa (2015)

This is the first documented laboratory-confirmed outbreak of OXA-181-producing K. pneumoniae in SA, and highlights the importance of enforcing strict adherence to infection control procedures and the need for ongoing surveillance of antibiotic-resistant pathogens in local hospitals.
The New Detergents (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe New DetergentsR. A. DuncanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1934, 26, 1, 24–26Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50289a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50289a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Impact of un-polymerized acrylamide monomer residues onto protein identification by MALDI TOF MS (2012)

Abstract Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is a powerful tool for protein mixture separation frequently used in proteomic studies. This article describes the problems which can arise during the identification process of separated proteins by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Presence of residual acrylamide monomers in the peptide samples leads to a significant peptide signal suppression. In the case of protein prohibitin, isolated from the MCF 7 breast cancer cell line, the peptide signal suppression was observed in 50% of all detected peptides.
An Objective System for Measuring Facial Attractiveness (2006)

The phi mask model supports averageness or prototypicality of the face as being the major component of the facial attractiveness gestalt and is a first step in producing an objective system for measuring facial attractiveness.
Field-programmable-gate-array-based time-to-digital converter with 200-ps resolution (1997)

A new design of a time-to-digital converter (TDC) implemented on an FPGA chip with amorphous antifuse structures is presented. Time coding with 200-ps resolution (LSB), 10-ns range, and very short conversion time is realized by two tapped delay lines working in-a differential mode. Thanks to the local feedback loops, the output from the delay line is obtained directly in "1-out-of-N" code and then converted to 6-bit natural binary. Within the temperature range from 0/spl deg/C to 45/spl deg/C, the time offset at the output is constant, the resolution changes by /spl plusmn/0.02 LSB, and the offset-corrected integral linearity error is less than 1 LSB.
Poly-gate sidewall oxidation induced submicrometer MOSFET degradation (1989)

The effect of poly-gate sidewall oxidation on short-channel MOSFET behavior is examined. The gain, threshold voltage, and apparent electrical channel length are shown to be very sensitive to the location of the n/sup -/ junction edge with respect to the poly-gate edge for a lightly-doped-drain NMOS transistor. New guidelines for the design of submicrometer MOSFETs based on an analysis of the sidewall oxidation of the polysilicon after gate definition are proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Analysis and design of high frequency asymmetrical half bridge flyback converter (2008)

The asymmetrical half bridge flyback converter is gaining popularity because it can achieve ZVS operation. However, the relationship between voltage transfer ratio and duty cycle is nonlinear in the condition of high switching frequency and small blocking capacitor. It is improper to use the linear model to guide the design of asymmetrical half bridge flyback converter. This paper deduces a steady-state voltage transfer function of the converter at high frequency, and the effect of load is also taken into consideration. According to the steady-state voltage transfer function, the characteristics of voltage transfer ratio and maximum duty cycle can be determined. Finally, a 19 V/6 A, 250 kHz prototype is designed and built to verify the analytical results. The experimental results indicate that, compared to the linear model, the asymmetrical half bridge flyback converter designed according to the voltage transfer function can be controlled more accurately and has significant merits at high frequency.
Age-Related Normal Variants of Sternal Uptake on Bone Scintigraphy (2006)

This study showed age-related normal variants of sternal uptake on bone scanning in asymptomatic patients. Understanding these variants may be helpful in differentiating normal and abnormal patterns of uptake in the sternum on radionuclide bone imaging.
Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer Risk in the SELECT Trial (2013)

This study confirms previous reports of increased prostate cancer risk among men with high blood concentrations of LCω-3PUFA. The consistency of these findings suggests that these fatty acids are involved in prostate tumorigenesis. Recommendations to increase LCω-3PUFA intake should consider its potential risks.
Lipid Composition of a Psychrophilic Marine <i>Vibrio</i> sp. During Starvation-Induced Morphogenesis (1984)

Qualitative and quantitative changes with time in phospholipids and fatty acids were examined after suspension of cells of a psychrophilic marine bacterium in nutrient-free artificial seawater at 5 degrees C. Viability was maintained throughout the 21-day examination period, with plate counts and acridine orange direct counts indicating a slight increase in cell number. Gravimetric data, however, showed a significant decrease in bacterial biomass during the 3-week study. Levels of ATP per cell also decreased significantly (59%) during the starvation period. Since starvation (resulting in dormancy) is probably the typical physiological state of marine bacteria, estimation of bacterial density in marine waters by using ATP data obtained from log-phase cells is probably inaccurate. Total lipid phosphate decreased (65%) during the starvation period, with phosphatidylethanolamine showing the greatest loss. A large increase (57%) in the neutral lipid fraction was also detected, especially during the first week of starvation. A selective increase in palmitoleate at the expense of myristate was detected in the membrane lipids. The effects of these changes on membrane fluidity and the possible consequences for these cells in the marine environment are discussed.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Oligosaccharyltransferase: A Large Hetero-oligomeric Complex in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (1995)

Asparagine-linked (i.e., N-linked) glycosylation of proteins is a highly conserved protein modification reaction that occurs in the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in all eukaryotic organisms (for review, see Herscovics and Orlean 1993). The protein substrates for N-linked glycosylation include luminal and integral membrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane, lysosome and endosome, and secretory polypeptides. Protein sequence analysis of N-linked glycopeptides has established that a consensus glycosylation site consists of the sequon Asn-x-Ser/Thr, where x can be any amino acid other than proline (Gavel and Von Heijne 1990). Consensus glycosylation sites have the propensity to adopt an asparagine turn secondary structure (Imperiali and Shannon 1991) that is stabilized by a hydrogen bond between the asparagine side-chain carboxamide and the backbone amide of the threonine/serine residue (Baker and Hubbard 1984). In vitro, Asn-x-Thr/Ser sites in denatured proteins (Pless and Lennarz 1977) or...
What to Learn Next: Recommending Commands in a Feature-Rich Environment (2015)

Despite an abundance of commands to make tasks easier to perform, the users of feature-rich applications, such as development environments, use only a fraction of the commands available. Earlier work has shown that command recommendation -- in which, given the command usage history of a set of users, the objective is to predict a command that is likely useful for the user to learn -- can improve the usage of a range of commands available within such applications. In this paper, we present a new algorithm, CoDis, which is built upon three hypotheses. First, we hypothesize that in feature-rich applications there exists co-occurrence patterns between commands. Second, we hypothesize that users of feature-rich applications have prevalent discovery patterns. Finally, we hypothesize that users need different recommendations based on the time elapsed between their last activity and the time of recommendation. We show on data submitted by many users of an integrated development environment (Eclipse) that CoDis outperforms existing approaches: compared to ADAGRAD, the best performing baseline, it achieves an improvement of 10.22% in recall, for a top-N recommendation task (N = 20).
Conversion of alcohols to enantiopure amines through dual-enzyme hydrogen-borrowing cascades (2015)

α-Chiral amines are key intermediates for the synthesis of a plethora of chemical compounds at industrial scale. We present a biocatalytic hydrogen-borrowing amination of primary and secondary alcohols that allows for the efficient and environmentally benign production of enantiopure amines. The method relies on a combination of two enzymes: an alcohol dehydrogenase (from Aromatoleum sp., Lactobacillus sp., or Bacillus sp.) operating in tandem with an amine dehydrogenase (engineered from Bacillus sp.) to aminate a structurally diverse range of aromatic and aliphatic alcohols, yielding up to 96% conversion and 99% enantiomeric excess. Primary alcohols were aminated with high conversion (up to 99%). This redox self-sufficient cascade possesses high atom efficiency, sourcing nitrogen from ammonium and generating water as the sole by-product.
Implementation of LAN Emulation Over ATM in Linux (1996)

This thesis describes the implementation of LAN Emulation over ATM in Linux operating system. This includes both the LE client and the LE service as described in ATM Forum&apos;s specification LAN Emulation Over ATM - Version 1.0. The work was done as a part of Finnish Broadband Telecommunication Research Project (FASTER) at Tampere University of Technology. LAN Emulation is intended to emulate the services of existing Local Area Network (LAN) technologies in ATM networks providing upper protocol layers an interface similar to the MAC layer. It was developed to give the possibility for connecting endstations to ATM networks, while network software can interact as i...
Epileptogenic potential of mefloquine chemoprophylaxis: a pathogenic hypothesis (2009)

Consistent with case reports of tonic-clonic seizures occurring during mefloquine chemoprophylaxis among those with family histories of epilepsy, it is proposed here that a new contraindication to mefloquine use be recognized for people with EPM1 mutation and for those with a personal history of myoclonus or ataxia, or a family history of degenerative neurologic disorder consistent with EPM1. Recommendations and directions for future research are presented.
Direct Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption– Ionisation (MALDI) Mass-Spectrometry Bacteria Profiling for Identifying and Characterizing Pathogens (2009)

This study examines the features and limitations of direct Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionisation (MALDI) mass-spectrometry profiling of bacterial cells for investigating a microbial population. The optimal laboratory protocol, including crude bacteria lyses by a solution of 50% acetonitrile, 2.5% trifluoroacetic acid, and using α-cyano-4-hydroxy cinnamic acid as the MALDI matrix, has been developed. Two different bacteria species were under investigation, and representative mass spectra from 278 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and 22 strains of Helicobacter pylori have been analyzed. It's known that both bacteria demonstrate a variable degree of polymorphism. For N. gonorrhoeae, the MALDI mass spectra that was collected possessed about 70 peaks, 20 of which were good reproducible ones. In spite of the fact that three peaks were found with differing spectra in some strains, little diversity in the N. gonorrhoeae population was revealed. This fact indicates the prospects in using direct MALDI mass-spectrometry profiling for gonococcus identification. In the case of H. pylori strains, the variety in the collected mass-spectra was shown to be essential. Only five peaks were present in more than 70% of strains, and a single mass value was common for all spectra. While these data call into question the possibility of the reliable species identification of H. pylori using this approach, the intraspecies differentiation of strains was offered. Good association between MALDI profile distributions and the region of strain isolation have been found. Thus, the suggested direct MALDI mass-spectrometry profiling strategy, coupled with special analysis software, seems promising for the species identification of N. gonorrhoeae but is assumed insufficient for H. pylori species determination. At the same time, this would create a very good chance for an epidemiological study of such variable bacteria as H. pylori.
Preferential formation of electroactive crystalline phases in poly(vinylidene fluoride)/organically modified silicate nanocomposites (2008)

Abstract The role of organically modified silicate (OMS), Lucentite STN on the formation of β‐crystalline phase of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is investigated in the present study. The OMS was solution blended with PVDF and cast on glass slide to form PVDF‐OMS nanocomposites. Solution cast samples were subjected to various thermal treatments including annealing (AC‐AN), melt‐quenching followed by annealing (MQ‐AN), and melt‐slow cooling (MSC). Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to investigate the crystalline structure of thermally treated samples. As a special effort, the combination of in situ thermal FT‐IR, WAXD, and DSC studies was utilized to clearly assess the thermal properties. FT‐IR and WAXD results of MQ‐AN samples revealed the presence of β‐phase of PVDF. Ion‐dipole interaction between the exfoliated clay nanolayers and PVDF was considered as a main factor for the formation of β‐phase. Melt‐crystallization temperature and subsequent melting point were enhanced by the addition of OMS. Solid β‐ to γ‐crystal phase transition was observed from in situ FT‐IR and WAXD curves when the representative MQ‐AN sample was subjected to thermal scanning. Upon heating, β‐phase was found to disappear through transformation to the thermodynamically stable γ‐phase rather than melting directly. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 2173–2187, 2008
DC offset estimation in OFDM based WLAN application (2005)

The effect of a DC offset on the OFDM wireless LAN (WLAN) signal could produce a severe performance degradation, especially for the high data rate transmission modes. Based on its analysis, it is shown which signal portion is most suitable for DC offset estimation. An analytical expression for the optimal estimator is given and finally efficient estimator implementations are derived.