gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FINDINGS OF THE DECLIMS PROJECT - DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE TRAFFIC FROM SPACE (2006)

The 24-partner DECLIMS project aims to establish and enhance the state-of-the-art in operational ship detection from space. Benchmark tests of automatic SAR detection algorithms have shown that existing systems are mature enough to be used operationally, but at the same time still suffer from problems that can be remedied by implementing available knowledge. Existing systems score less well on automatic vessel classification in SAR images; more fundamental improvements seem to be needed there. The state of development of automatic ship detection and classification algorithms for optical images lags behind that of radar. The characteristics of the satellite-based information (minimum detectable vessel size, area coverage, repeat frequency, etc.) and the way in which it can complement other information on ship traffic dictate the level of acceptance and maturity in the various application areas, ranging (in decreasing order) from fisheries control, via defence, pollution control, and maritime security, to traffic control. These application areas pose different requirements on future sensors; those from fisheries control are discussed in some detail. The DECLIMS project aims to establish the state of the art in detection and classification of maritime traffic from space, and to be a focus for research in that field. The project, partially funded by the European Commission, brings together 24 actors and stakeholders in satellite ship detection and classification, from a variety of backgrounds: small and large industry, institutes and academia; civilian and defence; from within the EU and outside. The project partners are listed in Fig. 1. Imaging sensors are considered, both optical and radar. The project started May 2003 and is planned to last 3 years. This paper intends to give a brief summary of the main findings of the project so far. The discussion is divided into optical results, radar results, users, data fusion and needs for future sensor systems. The primary interest is in the operational status of the methods, and less in theoretical or exploratory possibilities: what can really be done today with space-based earth observation sensors for maritime surveillance?
Nested threshold cell discarding for ATM overload control: optimization under cell loss constraints (1991)

Overload control in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks is dealt with via priority cell discarding mechanisms governed by a set of nested queue fill thresholds. An efficient search technique is developed which is applicable to any number of discarding priorities for determining the set of thresholds that optimize the offered load when constraints on cell loss (discarding) probabilities are specified. Results are presented as a function of queue capacity for given traffic distribution and arrival statistics. The results indicate that nested threshold discarding systems can support significantly higher traffic loads than systems without priorities. The sensitivity of the performance advantage to traffic mix and cell loss constraints is also illustrated. The efficient search procedure is shown to provide substantial computational gain when there are more than two discarding priorities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Secure Computer Network. (1982)

In this thesis, the initial design for a secure computer network is developed. The requirement for a secure computer network is based on the need to protect sensitive and personal information currently processed by computer networks. The concepts of physical security, reference monitors, encryption, and network protocols are presented. Then, the top-level design of the secure computer network is developed. This design consists of secure data bases controlled by Kernelized secure operating systems which are connected by a secure communications subnetwork. The phases of secure communications: location, identification, request, and request response are discussed. A model for the secure communications subnetwork is then presented. This model relies on two major components: Secure Network Interface Computers (SNICs) and a Network Directory and Security Center (NDSC). A finite state analysis of the communication channels demonstrates the security of the model. Recommendations are presented to continue the development of this secure network. (Author)
Security issues in mobile data networks (2005)

The rapid growth and development of mobile systems over the past years has exposed the capability and effective availability of mobile communication and thus paved the way for secure transmission and execution of data. The demand for such applications is currently experiencing a significant increase, and therefore, there is a strong call for advanced and efficient security mechanisms for mobile data network technologies. This paper deals with these mobile data security technologies and aims to exhibit their potential for integrity, availability and confidentiality. It provides a thorough analysis of the most important mobile packet data services and technologies, which can reveal the data in a secure manner. The article outlines its main technical characteristics, discusses its architectural aspects, based on security, and explains the access protocol and the services provided, in a secured way. This paper deals with security techniques for mobile data networks.
A new approach to the synthesis of antitumor benzophenanthridine alkaloids. Formal synthesis of nitidine (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new approach to the synthesis of antitumor benzophenanthridine alkaloids. Formal synthesis of nitidineDolores Perez, Enrique Guitian, and Luis CastedoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 22, 5911–5917Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00048a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00048a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views646Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chromogenic, Specific Detection of the Nerve‐Agent Mimic DCNP (a Tabun Mimic) (2011)

Nerve-gas detection: An azo dye with pyridine and aniline moieties can selectively detect diethylcyanophosphonate (DCNP) from diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and diethylchlorophosphate (DCP) by colour changes. Upon addition of DFP and DCP a phosphorylation in the pyridine occurs with a colour change from orange to magenta, whereas addition of DCNP phosphorylated the aniline ring with a colour change from orange to yellow (see figure).
The Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Head and Neck Cancer: a Focus on Human Papillomavirus (2007)

Head and neck cancer was the eighth leading cause of cancer death worldwide in 2000. Although the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the United States is relatively low, survival is poor and has not improved for several decades. While tobacco and alcohol are the primary risk factors for HNSCC development, epidemiological studies report a strong association with human papillomavirus (HPV) in a subset of HNSCC. More than 95% of cervical squamous cell carcinomas are linked to persistent HPV infection; evidence demonstrates that HPV is a necessary carcinogen. Not all HPV-positive HNSCC express the viral oncogenes (E6 and E7), which suggests that HPV may function as a carcinogen in a smaller proportion of HNSCC. This review presents our current understanding of the relationship between HPV and HNSCC, and describes future research directions that may lead to a better understanding of the involvement of HPV in head and neck cancer.
Linear-coded D/A converters with small relative error due to glitches (2002)

Two encoding schemes aimed at improving the glitch performance of flash D/A converters are proposed. The schemes use an encoding with linearly increasing source weights. Estimates based on a first-order model of the relative error due to glitches show an improvement with several orders of magnitude over existing D/A converters.
Guar crispbread in the diabetic diet. (1978)

Nine diabetic patients who were receiving various treatments supplemented their normal home diets (two patients) or metabolic ward diets (seven patients) with guar crispbread for five days. Their mean urinary glucose excretion fell significantly by 38% during the last two days. A significant fall in fasting blood glucose concentration of 1.1 +/- 0.4 mmol/1 (19.8 +/- 7.2 mg/100 ml) was seen only in those who took guar after the control period. Over eight weeks' treatment insulin dosage was reduced by 21% in five patients, and home testing showed that glycosuria was reduced by 68% in six patients. Guar crispbread is likely to be a useful adjunct to diabetic treatment irrespective of the type of treatment or insulin dosage used.
Suture-guided capsular tension ring insertion to reduce risk for iatrogenic zonular damage (2015)

Dr. Page is a consultant to Bausch & Lomb, Inc. and Abbott Medical Optics, Inc. He has no financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry Celebrates Its 30th Anniversary (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTJapan Society for Analytical Chemistry Celebrates Its 30th AnniversaryGeorge H. MorrisonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 2, 136APublication Date (Print):February 1, 1982Publication History Published online29 May 2012Published inissue 1 February 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00239a710https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00239a710research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views18Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Incorporation of titanium into calcium silicate improved their chemical stability and biological properties (2007)

Calcium silicate (CaSiO(3)) is regarded as a potential bioactive material. However, its poor chemical stability and cytocompatibility limits its biological applications. The aim of this study is to incorporate Titanium (Ti) into CaSiO(3) to produce a ceramic with improved chemical stability and biological properties. Sphene (CaTiSiO(5)) ceramics were prepared by sintering sol-gel-derived CaTiSiO(5) powder compacts and their chemical stability was assessed by measuring the ions released and weight loss after soaking CaTiSiO(5) in simulating body fluid for 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. Results indicated that CaTiSiO(5) has a significantly improved chemical stability, compared with CaSiO(3). The ability of CaTiSiO(5) ceramics to support human bone-derived cells (HBDC) attachment, proliferation, and differentiation was assessed using scanning electron microscopy, MTS, and alkaline phosphatase activity assays, respectively. CaTiSiO(5) ceramics supported HBDC attachment and significantly enhanced their proliferation and differentiation, compared with CaSiO(3) ceramics. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the newly developed CaTiSiO(5) ceramics possess excellent chemical stability and bioactivity, suggesting their potential use in skeletal tissue regeneration and as coating onto currently available orthopedic/dental implants.
Screening Crucifer Seeds as Sources of Specific Intact Glucosinolates Using Ion-Pair High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Negative Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (2004)

Seeds, of either commercial crucifer crops or some wild and weed relatives, were screened for intact glucosinolates using a previously developed ion-pair LC-MS method. This method, in contrast to GC-MS techniques, ensures the accurate measurement of all classes of glucosinolates. Many crucifer seeds contained very high concentrations of glucosinolates with low concentrations of additional pigments and secondary metabolites. The other common seed metabolites were cinnamoylcholine esters, for example, sinapine. Glucosinolates derived from homologues of l-methionine were characteristic of Brassica and related crucifer species. In addition, significant concentrations of 4-hydroxy-3-indolylmethylglucosinolate were found in the majority of Brassica species. Wild and weed species often had relatively simple glucosinolate profiles: either a single glucosinolate or a predominant glucosinolate together with trace amounts of others. Species identified with seed glucosinolate profiles suitable for purification included various Alyssum, Erysimum, and Iberis species for 3-methythiopropyl-glucosinolate and 3-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate and various Alyssum, Erysimum, and Lepidium species with very high concentrations of C4-C6 aliphatic glucosinolates. Seeds of Arabis, Barbarea, Lepidium, Moringa, and Sinapis species were good sources of aromatic glucosinolates, and Azima tetracantha was a good source for N-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl-glucosinolate. MS data are reported for all of the intact glucosinolates detected from the screening process.
HRLSim: A High Performance Spiking Neural Network Simulator for GPGPU Clusters (2014)

Modeling of large-scale spiking neural models is an important tool in the quest to understand brain function and subsequently create real-world applications. This paper describes a spiking neural network simulator environment called HRL Spiking Simulator (HRLSim). This simulator is suitable for implementation on a cluster of general purpose graphical processing units (GPGPUs). Novel aspects of HRLSim are described and an analysis of its performance is provided for various configurations of the cluster. With the advent of inexpensive GPGPU cards and compute power, HRLSim offers an affordable and scalable tool for design, real-time simulation, and analysis of large-scale spiking neural networks.
Active vitamin D3 does not suppress recruitment of G0 cells following injury (1988)

The effect of topically applied active vitamin D3 on epidermal regeneration was studied in eight healthy volunteers following sellotape stripping. The mobilization of resting (Go) cells was assessed by means of DNA flow cytometry, using a narrow window in the mid-S phase to monitor the progress of the recruited cells. Although vitamin D3 was applied at a concentration exceeding the range reported to be effective in psoriasis, we were unable to find any effect of active vitamin D3 on Go mobilization in vivo.
A 7‐year study of lamivudine therapy for hepatitis B virus e antigen‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients in China (2009)

Lamivudine is effective and tolerable for chronic hepatitis B.
Compact pulsed power generator using an inductive energy storage system with two-staged opening switches (1991)

The pulsed power generator, named ASO-I, is extremely compact and light in comparison with a conventional pulsed power generator, which consists of a Marx bank and a water pulse forming line. The ASO-I has a two-staged opening switch, consisting of fuses in water and a plasma erosion opening switch, and can be operated hundreds of times a day at an output power of 230 kV and 35 kA. The parallel fuses are effective for power multiplication, and small differences in length of the parallel fuses do not influence the output power. The risetime of current through the short-circuit load decreases with the increase of the gap length of the spark gap, which is placed between the fuses and the load. The plasma erosion opening switch can be operated as a second opening switch, and the risetime of the current through the short-circuit load decreases from 250 to 10 ns. The maximum resistance of the plasma erosion opening switch is 3.5 Omega with an open-circuit load.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
GM-CSF increases LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators via upregulation of TLR4 and CD14 in murine microglia (2012)

These results suggest that GM-CSF upregulates TLR4 and CD14 expression in microglia through ERK1/2 and p38, respectively, and thus promotes the LPS receptor-mediated inflammation in the CNS.
Separation of Fructose and Glucose from Cashew Apple Juice by SMB Chromatography (2005)

Abstract The simulated moving bed (SMB) technology has been applied to a number of carbohydrate separations. The cashew apple is the pseudo‐fruit of the cashew tree; it contains approximately equal amounts of fructose and glucose and is presently an agricultural waste largely found in Northeastern Brazil. This work shows experimental results for the separation of fructose from glucose, found in cashew apple juice, using a conventional four‐section SMB. The two sugars were successfully separated with product purities around 90%. The operating conditions were chosen from the equilibrium theory applied to a multicomponent system with linear uncoupled isotherms. The performance at cyclic steady state was well predicted with both TMB‐ (true moving bed) and SMB‐based models. However, during startup, there was a buildup of sugar concentration in the unit, which was not observed for synthetic mixtures. Fixed‐bed adsorption and desorption runs were performed with dilute cashew apple juice. They provided experimental evidence that high molecular weight molecules might have been adsorbed onto the resin, which could be a probable explanation for the anomalous behavior previously observed. Clarified cashew apple juice (free of tannins) was also used as the SMB feed and no anomalous transient behavior was observed. On the contrary, process performance perfectly matched that obtained from simulation assuming a synthetic glucose‐fructose mixture. The results presented herein are the first record of sugar separation in SMB from cashew apple juice and should provide scientific support for economic alternatives to the industrial processing of the cashew crop.
Genome-Wide Analysis in German Shepherd Dogs Reveals Association of a Locus on CFA 27 with Atopic Dermatitis (2013)

Humans and dogs are both affected by the allergic skin disease atopic dermatitis (AD), caused by an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The German shepherd dog (GSD) is a high-risk breed for canine AD (CAD). In this study, we used a Swedish cohort of GSDs as a model for human AD. Serum IgA levels are known to be lower in GSDs compared to other breeds. We detected significantly lower IgA levels in the CAD cases compared to controls (p = 1.1 × 10(-5)) in our study population. We also detected a separation within the GSD cohort, where dogs could be grouped into two different subpopulations. Disease prevalence differed significantly between the subpopulations contributing to population stratification (λ = 1.3), which was successfully corrected for using a mixed model approach. A genome-wide association analysis of CAD was performed (n cases = 91, n controls = 88). IgA levels were included in the model, due to the high correlation between CAD and low IgA levels. In addition, we detected a correlation between IgA levels and the age at the time of sampling (corr = 0.42, p = 3.0 × 10(-9)), thus age was included in the model. A genome-wide significant association was detected on chromosome 27 (praw = 3.1 × 10(-7), pgenome = 0.03). The total associated region was defined as a ~1.5-Mb-long haplotype including eight genes. Through targeted re-sequencing and additional genotyping of a subset of identified SNPs, we defined 11 smaller haplotype blocks within the associated region. Two blocks showed the strongest association to CAD. The ~209-kb region, defined by the two blocks, harbors only the PKP2 gene, encoding Plakophilin 2 expressed in the desmosomes and important for skin structure. Our results may yield further insight into the genetics behind both canine and human AD.
Demonstration of channel-spacing-tunable demultiplexing of optical orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexed subcarriers utilizing reconfigurable all-optical discrete Fourier transform (2012)

We experimentally demonstrate a tunable and reconfigurable optical discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to demultiplex orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexed subcarriers with 2/3/4 subcarriers at 20/40 GHz frequency spacing. An average power penalty of ~5 dB (~3.5) at bit error ratio of 10(-9) is achieved for 4×20 Gbit/s (4×10 Gbit/s) OFDM signal with 20 GHz frequency spacing.
THE RELATIONS BETWEEN HEAD AND EYE MOVEMENTS DURING DRIVING (1996)

Eye, head and gaze movements were measured during driving using a new, portable eye-movement camera. The coupling between head and eye movements was studied. In general the two are closely related, and both are accurately predicted from the size and timing of each saccadic gaze change. When driving round bends three different phases of gaze behaviour were apparent. During the approach the eyes seek out clues to the bend's curvature from the changes in the appearance of the road's edge. When rounding the bend the eyes look into the curve, and thus away from the car's heading. During the exit gaze is held on targets beyond the bend, and the car and body counter-rotate beneath the head. (A) For the covering abstract, see IRRD 892069.
Assessing Disease Exposure Risk with Location Data: A Proposal for Cryptographic Preservation of Privacy (2020)

Governments and researchers around the world are implementing digital contact tracing solutions to stem the spread of infectious disease, namely COVID-19. Many of these solutions threaten individual rights and privacy. Our goal is to break past the false dichotomy of effective versus privacy-preserving contact tracing. We offer an alternative approach to assess and communicate users' risk of exposure to an infectious disease while preserving individual privacy. Our proposal uses recent GPS location histories, which are transformed and encrypted, and a private set intersection protocol to interface with a semi-trusted authority. There have been other recent proposals for privacy-preserving contact tracing, based on Bluetooth and decentralization, that could further eliminate the need for trust in authority. However, solutions with Bluetooth are currently limited to certain devices and contexts while decentralization adds complexity. The goal of this work is two-fold: we aim to propose a location-based system that is more privacy-preserving than what is currently being adopted by governments around the world, and that is also practical to implement with the immediacy needed to stem a viral outbreak.