gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients with Poor Sleep Quality Also Have a Poor Quality of Life: A Correlation between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire: ACG IBD Research Award (2013)

Purpose: There is increasing appreciation for the role of sleep in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity and outcomes. We sought to assess the relationship between sleep quality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with IBD. Methods: We recruited adult patients with a diagnosis of IBD, who were seen in the outpatient clinic, procedure unit, or hospitalized at the University of Chicago Medicine. Each patient completed a survey which included demographic information and the following tools: the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).The SIBDQ is a validated, ten-question survey measuring physical, social, and emotional status with scores ranging from 10 (good HRQoL) to 70 (poor HRQoL).[1] The PSQI is a selfrated questionnaire used to assess sleep quality and disturbances with scores ranging from 0 (good sleep quality) to 21 (poor sleep quality).[2] Statistics included Pearson's correlation coefficients to compare the PSQI and SIBDQ, and Fischer z-transformation to compare differences between groups. Results: Eighty-eight patients completed the survey: 51(58%) female, 49 (55.7%) with Crohn's disease (CD), and 73 (83%) Caucasian. The mean age was 41.4 years (SD 17.2 years), and 12 (13.6%) patients were currently taking systemic corticosteroids (>10 mg dose). The mean SIBDQ score was 30.9 (SD 15.5, range 10-65). The mean PSQI score 6.9 (SD 4.8, range 0-19); 52% of patients reported poor sleep quality. There was good correlation for the PSQI to SIBDQ (r=0.66), as shown in Figure 1. Further analysis showed no difference in correlation between SIBDQ and PSQI in patients with CD (r=0.66) or ulcerative colitis/indeterminate colitis (r=0.65). The correlation also remained unchanged when adjusting for current steroid exposure (r=0.60).Figure 1: Correlation between health-related quality of life (SIBDQ) and sleep quality (PSQI).Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate a correlation between HRQoL and sleep quality in IBD patients. Although causality is not explained by these findings, they do support the inclusion of assessment of sleep quality in future studies of HRQoL.
Lithiation and Electrochromic Characteristics of Composite Ta[sub 2]O[sub 5]-TiO[sub 2] Films Fabricated by Ultraviolet Reactive Laser Ablation (2000)

Composite films have been deposited on indium tin oxide coated glass by pulsed laser reactive ablation in the ambient gases, and different molar ratio Ta/Ti of composite films were prepared using the superposed tantalum and titanium sheets with a suitable selection of the area ratio as a target. Electrochemical and electrochromic behaviors of composite electrodes are investigated by cyclic voltammetry and in situ visible transmittance measurements. Results show that the composite film with the presence of small amounts of within can significantly improve electrochemical and electrochromic properties. The composite film with Ta/Ti ratio of 4.3 exhibits excellent electrochromic efficiency of at 500 nm, and shows superior insertion capability of Li ions to pure and . © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
The multilevel finite element method for adaptive mesh optimization and visualization of volume data (2002)

Multilevel representations and mesh reduction techniques have been used for accelerating the processing and the rendering of large datasets representing scalar- or vector-valued functions defined on complex 2D or 3D meshes. We present a method based on finite element approximations which combines these two approaches in a new and unique way that is conceptually simple and theoretically sound. The main idea is to consider mesh reduction as an approximation problem in appropriate finite element spaces. Starting with a very coarse triangulation of the functional domain, a hierarchy of highly non-uniform tetrahedral (or triangular in 2D) meshes is generated adaptively by local refinement. This process is driven by controlling the local error of the piecewise linear finite element approximation of the function on each mesh element. A reliable and efficient computation of the global approximation error and a multilevel preconditioned conjugate gradient solver are the key components of the implementation. In order to analyze the properties and advantages of the adaptively generated tetrahedral meshes, we implemented two volume visualization algorithms: an iso-surface extractor and a ray-caster. Both algorithms, while conceptually simple, show significant speedups over conventional methods delivering comparable rendering quality from adaptively compressed datasets.
High-accuracy GPS and GLONASS positioning by multipath mitigation using omnidirectional infrared camera (2011)

This paper describes a precision positioning technique that can be applied to vehicles or mobile robots in urban or leafy environments. Currently, the availability of satellite positioning is anticipated to improve because of the presence of various positioning satellites such as GPS of the U.S., GLONASS of Russia and GALILEO of Europe. However, because of the serious impact of multipath on their positioning accuracy in urban or leafy areas, such improvements in the availability of satellite positioning do not necessarily also facilitate high precision positioning. Our proposed technique mitigates GPS and GLONASS multipath by means of an omnidirectional infrared (IR) camera that can eliminate the need for invisible satellites by using IR images. With an IR camera, the sky appears distinctively dark. This facilitates the detection of the borderline between the sky and the surrounding buildings, which are captured in white, because of the difference in the atmospheric transmittance rates between visible light and IR rays. The proposed technique can automatically and robustly mitigate GPS and GLONASS multipath by excluding the invisible satellites. Positioning evaluation was carried out only with visible satellites that have less multipath errors and without using invisible satellites. The evaluation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed technique and the feasibility of its highly accurate positioning.
Hapten synthesis and development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for chlorpromazine in pork, chicken and swine liver (2011)

The use of chlorpromazine (CPZ) as a sedative for livestock has been prohibited in the European Union and many other countries. In this study, a new hapten 7-amino-chlorpromazine sulfoxide (hapten 1) against CPZ was synthesized and coupled to ovalbumin (OVA) as an immunogen to produce polyclonal antibody (PAb) specific for CPZ. An heterologous hapten 7-(4-carboxyl-phenylazo)-chlorpromazine (hapten 2) was synthesized and coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as coating antigen to improve the assay sensitivity. The results showed that the hapten-heterologous systems exhibited 20 times higher sensitivity than the hapten-homologous one. Based on the hapten-heterologous system, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for CPZ was developed, the IC50 value was 0.58 ng mL−1 and the limit of detection was 0.03 ng mL−1. The assay showed no cross-reaction with the CPZ analogues. The average recoveries of CPZ from spiked samples were estimated to range from 77.1% to 98.6%, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of less than 10.9%. Linear regression analysis showed a good correlation between the CPZ concentrations obtained from ELISA and HPLC analysis, which suggested that the ELISA is a convenient supplementary analytical tool for monitoring CPZ.
Audio thumbnailing of popular music using chroma-based representations (2005)

With the growing prevalence of large databases of multimedia content, methods for facilitating rapid browsing of such databases or the results of a database search are becoming increasingly important. However, these methods are necessarily media dependent. We present a system for producing short, representative samples (or "audio thumbnails") of selections of popular music. The system searches for structural redundancy within a given song with the aim of identifying something like a chorus or refrain. To isolate a useful class of features for performing such structure-based pattern recognition, we present a development of the chromagram, a variation on traditional time-frequency distributions that seeks to represent the cyclic attribute of pitch perception, known as chroma. The pattern recognition system itself employs a quantized chromagram that represents the spectral energy at each of the 12 pitch classes. We evaluate the system on a database of popular music and score its performance against a set of "ideal" thumbnail locations. Overall performance is found to be quite good, with the majority of errors resulting from songs that do not meet our structural assumptions.
Activation of Myosin Light Chain Phosphatase in Intact Arterial Smooth Muscle During Nitric Oxide-induced Relaxation (2001)

We investigated whether myosin light chain phosphatase activity changes during nitric oxide-induced relaxation of contracted intact carotid media and how changes in phosphatase activity mediate this relaxation. We also investigated one mechanism for regulating this phosphatase. Myosin phosphatase activity, myosin light chain phosphorylation, guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) concentration, and phosphorylation of the inhibitory protein CPI-17 were all assayed in homogenates of one carotid media ring at each time point during nitric oxide-induced relaxation. The application of sodium nitroprusside to histamine-contracted media caused rapid declines in light chain phosphorylation and force. These were temporally correlated with a rapid elevation of cGMP and a large transient increase in myosin phosphatase activity. During the early response to nitroprusside, when force declined, increases in myosin phosphatase activity, concurrent with cGMP-mediated decreases in calcium and myosin light chain kinase activity, could accelerate light chain dephosphorylation. CPI-17 was dephosphorylated upon application of nitroprusside at the same time that myosin phosphatase activity increased, suggesting that the removal of inhibition by phospho-CPI-17 contributed to the increase in myosin phosphatase activity. After 20 min of nitroprusside, myosin phosphatase activity had declined to basal levels, however low force was sustained. Additional light chain phosphorylation-independent mechanisms may be involved in sustaining the relaxation.
Characteristics of a virtual immersion lens spectrometer for electron beam testing (1988)

Magnetic ‘‘in-the-lens’’ secondary electron spectrometers have shown dramatic improvements over conventional spectrometers for high-resolution voltage measurements on very large scale integrated circuits. In particular, designs incorporating the electron straightening effect of an adiabatic magnetic field have demonstrated considerably improved rejection of local field effects on small geometry devices. A disadvantage of such spectrometers is the need to immerse the sample in a strong magnetic field. This can result in image distortion (due to ferromagnetic lead frame material in the sample) and surface-charging instability (due to localized charging from returned secondary electrons being refocused close to the emission point). We report on an improved spectrometer that maintains the advantages of the adiabatic straightening of the secondary electrons without the need to set the sample in a magnetic field. This ‘‘virtual’’ immersion lens design gives rise to a spectrometer with similar waveform measurement characteristics to the previous lens type but with greatly superior image resolution, field of view, and beam stability characteristics. We show it to be capable of 0.1-μ spatial resolution, voltage errors as small as 2% for 5-V signals on 1-μ lines and spaces, and a ‘‘detector coefficient’’ as good as 1.42 ×10−8 V(A/Hz)1/2. All of these are among the best reported so far in the electron-beam testing literature.
Possible role of coagulation factor XIII in the pathogenesis of venous leg ulcers. (1998)

These results indicate that locally applied factor XIII promotes especially wound healing of more acute smaller venous leg ulcers. Since immunohistochemical staining of factor XIIIa showed no significant differences before and after therapy, we propose that factor XIII is inactivated rapidly after local application on venous leg ulcers.
Amplification and phase conjugation by degenerate four-wave mixing in a saturable absorber (1980)

We report amplification (600%) and phase conjugation of Nd:YAG laser radiation by degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) in solutions of a nickel dithiene Q-switched compound, BDN. Quadratic dependence of reflectivity on pump intensity at intensities well above saturation is observed, and a model based on a metastable-state susceptibility is proposed to account for this dependence. The measured relative values of the χ(3) tensor elements are given, and implications for phase conjugation of arbitrarily polarized wave fronts are discussed. Simultaneous DFWM and Nd:YAG laser Q-switching in the same BDN sample is achieved.
Human <i>STELLAR</i> , <i>NANOG</i> , and <i>GDF3</i> Genes Are Expressed in Pluripotent Cells and Map to Chromosome 12p13, a Hotspot for Teratocarcinoma (2004)

Genes required to maintain pluripotency in human embryonic stem (hES) cells are largely unknown, with the exception of OCT-4, a homolog of mouse Oct-4, which is critical for the establishment of the embryonic inner cell mass and the generation of totipotent mouse embryonic stem (mES) cell lines. In the current study, we identified two genes with expression similar to OCT-4, in that they are largely restricted to pluripotent hES cells, premeiotic germ lineage cells, and testicular germ cell tumor cells. Furthermore, we determined that upon hES cell differentiation, their expression is downregulated. The genes we identified in the current study include the human stella-related (STELLAR) gene, which encodes a highly divergent protein (with just 32.1% identity to mouse stella over the 159 amino acid sequence) that maps to human chromosome 12p13. Notably, human STELLAR is located distal to a previously uncharacterized homeobox gene, which is the human homolog of the recently identified murine gene, Nanog, and proximal to the GDF3 locus, whose transcription is restricted to germ cell tumor cells. Our characterization of STELLAR, NANOG, and GDF3 suggests that they may play a similar role in humans as in mice, in spite of their remarkable evolutionary divergence.
Architectural advances in the VLSI implementation of arithmetic coding for binary image compression (2002)

This paper presents some recent advances in the architecture for the data compression technique known as arithmetic coding. The new architecture employs loop unrolling and speculative execution of the inner loop of the algorithm to achieve a significant speed-up relative to the Q-coder architecture. This approach reduces the number of iterations required to compress a block of data by a factor that is on the order of the compression ratio. While the speed-up technique has been previously discovered independently by researchers at IBM, no systematic study of the architectural trade-offs has ever been published. For the CCITT facsimile documents, the new architecture achieves a speed-up of approximately seven compared to the IBM Q-coder when four lookahead units are employed in parallel. A structure for fast input/output processing based on run length pre-coding of the data stream to accompany the new architecture is also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Postcure Effects on Photopolymerization Using Visible Light Initiators (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPostcure Effects on Photopolymerization Using Visible Light InitiatorsThomas Marino, Oliver Yun Long, and D. C. NeckersCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 12, 4549–4552Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00039a049Request reuse permissionsArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (459 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photonic-crystal distributed-feedback quantum cascade lasers (2002)

Because of an intrinsically low linewidth-enhancement factor, the quantum cascade laser (QCL) is especially favorable for patterning with a recently proposed 2-D photonic crystal (PC) lattice that substantially increases the device area over which optical coherence can be maintained. In this work, we use an original time-domain Fourier-transform (TDFT) algorithm to theoretically investigate the beam quality and spectral purity of gain-guided PC distributed-feedback (DFB) quantum cascade lasers. The conventional 1-D DFB laser and also the angled-grating DFB (/spl alpha/-DFB) laser are special cases of the PCDFB geometry. By searching the parameter space consisting of tilt angle, coupling coefficients, stripe width, and cavity length, we have theoretically optimized the PCDFB gratings for QCL gain regions. At a wavelength of 4.6 /spl mu/m, the simulations project single-mode emission from stripes as wide as 1.2 mm, and etendues of no more than three times the diffraction limit for 2-mm stripes. We also examine the tolerances required for single-mode and high-brightness operation. Comparisons are made to analogous simulations of a-DFB QCL lasers.
Oxy-Fluoride Phosphors for Solid State Lighting (2012)

The exploration of oxy-fluorides as potential phosphors for compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFL) and phosphor-conversion light-emitting diode (PC-LED) devices is reviewed. Special emphasis is given to phosphors based on anti-perovskite Sr3AlO4F-type materials which have recently emerged as promising candidates for solid state lighting applications.
Upregulated interleukin‐6 expression contributes to erlotinib resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2015)

Despite the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) development and progression, clinical trials involving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have yielded poor results in HNSCC patients. Mechanisms of acquired resistance to the EGFR TKI erlotinib was investigated by developing erlotinib-resistant HNSCC cell lines and comparing their gene expression profiles with their parental erlotinib-sensitive HNSCC cell lines using microarray analyses and subsequent pathway and network analyses. Erlotinib-resistant HNSCC cells displayed a significant upregulation in immune response and inflammatory pathways compared to parental cells. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was one of thirteen genes that was significantly differentially expressed in all erlotinib-resistant HNSCC cell lines, which was validated using RT-PCR and ELISA. Blockade of IL-6 signaling using the IL-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab, was able to overcome erlotinib-resistance in erlotinib-resistant SQ20B tumors in vivo. Overall, erlotinib-resistant HNSCC cells display elevated IL-6 expression levels compared to erlotinib-sensitive HNSCC cells and blockade of the IL-6 signaling pathway may be an effective strategy to overcome resistance to erlotinib and possibly other EGFR TKIs for HNSCC therapy.
The potential role of dynamic MRI in assessing the effectiveness of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation of breast cancer (2010)

The MR characteristics of successfully ablated breast cancers included central dark signal intensities with thin rim enhancement on subtraction images. Nodular or irregular thick enhancements should raise concern of partial ablation. We propose MRI plays a critical role in assessing the effectiveness of HIFU treatment.
<i>Rnf2</i> ( <i>Ring1b</i> ) deficiency causes gastrulation arrest and cell cycle inhibition (2003)

The highly homologous Rnf2 (Ring1b) and Ring1 (Ring1a) proteins were identified as in vivo interactors of the Polycomb Group (PcG) protein Bmi1. Functional ablation of Rnf2 results in gastrulation arrest, in contrast to relatively mild phenotypes in most other PcG gene null mutants belonging to the same functional group, among which is Ring1. Developmental defects occur in both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues during gastrulation. The early lethal phenotype is reminiscent of that of the PcG-gene knockouts Eed and Ezh2, which belong to a separate functional PcG group and PcG protein complex. This finding indicates that these biochemically distinct PcG complexes are both required during early mouse development. In contrast to the strong skeletal transformation in Ring1 hemizygous mice, hemizygocity for Rnf2 does not affect vertebral identity. However, it does aggravate the cerebellar phenotype in a Bmi1 null-mutant background. Together, these results suggest that Rnf2 or Ring1-containing PcG complexes have minimal functional redundancy in specific tissues, despite overlap in expression patterns. We show that the early developmental arrest in Rnf2-null embryos is partially bypassed by genetic inactivation of the Cdkn2a (Ink4aARF) locus. Importantly, this finding implicates Polycomb-mediated repression of the Cdkn2a locus in early murine development.