gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local Microwave Hyperthermia of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (1990)

Recently, hyperthermia has been used for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The preliminary results reported were promising. However, apart from patients with total urinary retention, objective voiding parameters have not been reported in detail for patients with prostatism. In a phase II study we treated 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia by local microwave hyperthermia (915 MHz.). The prostate was heated transrectally to 42 to 43C, with the treatment consisting of 8 sessions of 60 minutes each given twice a week. To assess the results of treatment several parameters were determined before and 4 weeks after hyperthermia therapy, including transrectal ultrasound of the prostate with volumetry, urinary flow rate and residual volume. Of the patients 28 could be evaluated and only 2 showed a relevant improvement. Neither the voiding parameters nor the size of the prostate could be changed significantly by hyperthermia. The success rate of 7.1% is even lower than the spontaneous temporary regression rate of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Thus, we believe that hyperthermia cannot be regarded as an effective treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia comparable to transurethral resection.
Advanced Deblending Scheme for Independent Simultaneous Source Data (2016)

Independent Simultaneous Source (ISS®) technology is an attractive way to provide high acquisition production rates and affordable higher density seismic imaging. In this paper, we propose an advanced deblending scheme to address the source separation requirement of ISS® data. The deblending scheme includes a) 3D low-rank decomposition based iterative noise modelling, and subtraction, b) signal-to-noise ratio map guided residual denoise and c) erratic noise attenuation. The application is tested on actual shallow water OBC dataset, which was pseudo-blended using a realistic dual vessel acquisition plan. The result shows that this advanced deblending scheme can successfully recover individual source responses. The deblended data have a minimal difference compared with the actual unblended data.
Novel analgesics and molecular rearrangements in the morphine–thebaine group. Part XXII. Deamination of 7β-aminomethyl-6,14-endo-etheno-7α-methyl-6,7,8,14-tetrahydrothebaine (1971)

J. W. Lewis and M. J. Readhead, J. Chem. Soc. C, 1971, 2298 DOI: 10.1039/J39710002298
Flight simulator visual-display delay compensation (1981)

A piloted aircraft can be viewed as a closed-loop man-machine control system. When a simulator pilot is performing a precision maneuver, a delay in the visual display of aircraft response to pilot-control input decreases the stability of the pilot-aircraft system. The less stable system is more difficult to control precisely. Pilot dynamic response and performance change as the pilot attempts to compensate for the decrease in system stability. The changes in pilot dynamic response and performance bias the simulation results by influencing the pilot's rating of the handling qualities of the simulated aircraft. The study reported here evaluated an approach to visual-display delay compensation. The objective of the compensation was to minimize delay-induced change in pilot performance and workload. The compensation was effective. Because the compensation design approach is based on well-established control-system design principles, prospects are favorable for successful application of the approach in other simulations.
Highly Efficient Incorporation of Functional Groups into Aromatic Main-Chain Polymer Using Iridium-Catalyzed C−H Activation and Suzuki−Miyaura Reaction (2009)

We report a mild, iridium-catalyzed borylation of aromatic polysulfone with bis(pinacolato)diboron [B(2)(pin)(2)] to form the corresponding borylated polysulfones up to high concentrations with nearly constant efficiency. The Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of the borylated polysulfones with functionalized aryl bromides allows installation of various functional groups such as ketone, amine, hydroxyl, and aldehyde to the polysulfone main chain in excellent conversion.
Study on Structural Design of Transmitter Electrodes and Surrounding Electric Field for Human Body Communication Based on Impedance Matching (2012)

Human body communication is carried out along the body surface between the wearable equipment, and this technology can be potentially used for Body Area Networks. In this study, transmitter electrodes for human body communication were analyzed at 10MHz by FDTD method. This analysis has shown that the input impedance of the electrodes was dependent on the structure and dimensions of the electrodes. We derived approximation formulas to express these relationships between the input impedance and the design parameters. As an example, the electrodes for the wristwatch-sized (24 × 24mm) device were designed to have a matched input impedance of 50Ω without using impedance transformers or stubs. The electric field around the electrodes on the human arm under the impedance-matched condition was 10∼20 dB stronger than that of the mismatched condition, and the VSWR characteristics were less than 2 when the matched electrodes were used. The electric fields and currents on the body surface and inside the body, and those of the equipment, were less than the safety standards, when the received signal had sufficient strength for practical receivers. The transmission power of the antenna was less than that of Bluetooth devices.
Efficient Subcarrier Allocation for Multiple Access in OFDM Systems (2002)

In this paper we propose a computationally effi- cient subcarrier allocation algorithm for a multiuser OFDM system suited for downlink and uplink transmission. The al- gorithm considers user-individual bitrate and power con- straints and allocates to each user the most appropriate subcarriers in a way that the total transmit power is mini- mized. The bit and power allocation for each user is done by a single-user bitloading algorithm on the base of this subcar- rier allocation. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared to a near-optimum algorithm which is based on Lagrange optimization. It is found that the proposed algo- rithm is computationally much more efficient while is has very little performance degradation, in some situations it even achieves better performance. The execution time for the pro- posed algorithm is compared for different numbers of users and OFDM sizes with the near-optimum algorithm and is found to offer advantages of various orders of magnitudes.
<i>JAK</i>and<i>MPL</i>mutations in myeloid malignancies (2008)

The Janus family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and tyrosine kinase 2) transduces signals downstream of type I and II cytokine receptors via signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). JAK3 is important in lymphoid and JAK2 in myeloid cell proliferation and differentiation. The thrombopoietin receptor MPL is one of several JAK2 cognate receptors and is essential for myelopoiesis in general and megakaryopoiesis in particular. Germline loss-of-function (LOF) JAK3 and MPL mutations cause severe combined immunodeficiency and congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, respectively. Germline gain-of-function (GOF) MPL mutation (MPLS505N) causes familial thrombocytosis. Somatic JAK3 (e.g. JAK3A572V, JAK3V722I, JAK3P132T) and fusion JAK2 (e.g. ETV6-JAK2, PCM1-JAK2, BCR-JAK2) mutations have respectively been described in acute megakaryocytic leukemia and acute leukemia/chronic myeloid malignancies. However, current attention is focused on JAK2 (e.g. JAK2V617F, JAK2 exon 12 mutations) and MPL (e.g. MPLW515L/K/S, MPLS505N) mutations associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). A JAK2 mutation, primarily JAK2V617F, is invariably associated with polycythemia vera (PV). The latter mutation also occurs in the majority of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) or primary myelofibrosis (PMF). MPL mutational frequency in MPNs is substantially less (<10%). In general, despite a certain degree of genotype - phenotype correlations, the prognostic relevance of harbouring one of these mutations, or their allele burden when present, remains dubious. Regardless, based on the logical assumption that amplified JAK-STAT signalling is central to the pathogenesis of PV, ET and PMF, several anti-JAK2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been developed and are currently being tested in humans with these disorders.
Microcanonical Rates of Unimolecular Reactions Studied by Time-Resolved Photofragment Spectroscopy (2008)

The use of modern technology in the study of classic problems in chemistry has afforded researchers the opportunity to understand the dynamics of reactions on a molecular level. This thesis represents one such instance, where the combination of pulsed lasers and molecular beams has made the study of ultrafast reactions of isolated molecules possible. The optical technique is, in essence, a two pulse pump-probe method. One of the pulses resonantly excites the molecule to be studied, while the second one, delayed in time, measures the population in either the excited parent state or some quantum state of the product. The sample is cooled in a supersonic expansion and observed under collisionless conditions. Atomic and molecular species may be detected by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) or resonantly-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI), followed by mass-selective detection. The temporal evolution of the state being probed is mapped out as the delay between the pulses is varied. The resolution of this method is determined by the temporal widths of the two pulses, typically ~ 8 picoseconds in the studies presented here. The technique, termed Time-Resolved Photofragment Spectroscopy (TRPS), has been used to study a number of unimolecular reactions under collisionless conditions. Microcanonical rates of the reaction NCNO → CN + NO have been measured for excitation energies near threshold. The rates are compared with predictions of various statistical theories, including a recently proposed variational method. State-selected studies of the production of iodine atoms in the UV photodissociation of 1,2—diiodotetrafluoroethane indicate the existence of a bound intermediate, the iodoperfluoroethyl radical. Energy dependent rates show that the amount of internal energy in the intermediate may be varied by changing excitation conditions, thereby affecting the rate of its decomposition. Time and frequency-resolved studies of the photodissociation of methyl iodide show evidence that perturbed species in a dissociating system (so-called transition-state species) may be observed by this technique.
Development of a Virus-Like Particle-Based Anti-HER2 Breast Cancer Vaccine (2021)

To develop a human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-specific cancer vaccine, using a plant virus-like particle (VLP) platform. Copper-free click chemistry and infusion encapsulation protocols were developed to prepare VLPs displaying the HER2-derived CH401 peptide epitope, with and without Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists loaded into the interior cavity of the VLPs; Physalis mottle virus (PhMV)-based VLPs were used. After prime-boost immunization of BALB/c mice through subcutaneous administration of the vaccine candidates, sera were collected and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the CH401-specific antibodies; Th1 vs. Th2 bias was determined by antibody subtyping and splenocyte assay. Efficacy was assessed by tumor challenge using DDHER2 tumor cells. We successful developed two VLP-based anti-HER2 vaccine candidates-PhMV-CH401 vs. CpG-PhMV-CH401; however, the addition of the CpG adjuvant did not confer additional immune priming. Both VLP-based vaccine candidates elicited a strong immune response, including high titers of HER2-specific immunoglobulins and increased toxicity of antisera to DDHER2 tumor cells. DDHER2 tumor growth was delayed, leading to prolonged survival of the vaccinated vs. naïve BALB/C mice. The PhMV-based anti-HER2 vaccine PhMV-CH401, demonstrated efficacy as an anti-HER2 cancer vaccine. Our studies highlight that VLPs derived from PhMV are a promising platform to develop cancer vaccines.
Effect of Oral Kohki Tea on Bladder Dysfunction Induced by Severe Partial Outlet Obstruction (2002)

Kohki tea had a significant protective effect on bladder function, contractile responses and bladder biochemistry in rabbits with moderate to severe partial outlet obstruction.
Multiple sclerosis risk loci and disease severity in 7,125 individuals from 10 studies (2016)

The largest meta-analysis of established MS genetic risk variants and disease severity, to date, was performed. Results suggest that the investigated MS genetic risk variants are not associated with MSSS, even after controlling for potential confounders. Further research in large cohorts is needed to identify genetic determinants of disease severity using sensitive clinical and MRI measures, which are critical to understanding disease mechanisms and guiding development of effective treatments.
Fluid catalytic cracking: recent developments on the grand old lady of zeolite catalysis (2015)

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is one of the major conversion technologies in the oil refinery industry. FCC currently produces the majority of the world's gasoline, as well as an important fraction of propylene for the polymer industry. In this critical review, we give an overview of the latest trends in this field of research. These trends include ways to make it possible to process either very heavy or very light crude oil fractions as well as to co-process biomass-based oxygenates with regular crude oil fractions, and convert these more complex feedstocks in an increasing amount of propylene and diesel-range fuels. After providing some general background of the FCC process, including a short history as well as details on the process, reactor design, chemical reactions involved and catalyst material, we will discuss several trends in FCC catalysis research by focusing on ways to improve the zeolite structure stability, propylene selectivity and the overall catalyst accessibility by (a) the addition of rare earth elements and phosphorus, (b) constructing hierarchical pores systems and (c) the introduction of new zeolite structures. In addition, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art micro-spectroscopy methods for characterizing FCC catalysts at the single particle level. These new characterization tools are able to explain the influence of the harsh FCC processing conditions (e.g. steam) and the presence of various metal poisons (e.g. V, Fe and Ni) in the crude oil feedstocks on the 3-D structure and accessibility of FCC catalyst materials.
Temporal Topographies:Tennyson's Tears (1991)

Alfred Lord Tennyson’s abstract thinking was frequently traditional and conventional, however his “poetic thinking” differed from his abstract thinking and was also more subtle. The poem Tears, Idle Tears in The Princess contains an example of Tennyson’s profound apprehension of temporality. The poem’s expression of an apprehension of human time, Tennyson’s rich meticulous writing techniques, and the performative use of the allegorical signs, prosopopoeia and catachresis, call forth that apprehension of temporality. In “ Tears, Idle Tears” temporal distance is associated with spatial distance. For example, in “looking on the happy Autumn-fields” there is the image of a ship appearing or disappearing over the horizon. Temporal distance also permeates expressions of loss of a loved one or unassuageable desire. In these kinds of images, past and future are inverted, gone forever in the past, foreshadowing a death that will in the future cause the ultimate loss. Thus, the “idle tears” themselves in the poem remain the most important allegorical sign, as opposed to symbol, of the transience of time. The person in the poem, as they gaze at the happy autumn fields, continues to cherish the days gone by, and the tears continue to fall. Tears here are allegorical signs, in the Benjaminian sense of the definition. Unlike the Coleridgean definition, under which tears are used symbolically, these tears allow the person reminiscing to fully understand the illusion of yesterday. In other words, the failure of tears to express what they mean makes them function as an allegorical sign for temporality.
Autophosphorylation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalyticsubunit is required for rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks (2002)

This report is a descriptive journey of the Autophosphorylation of the DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalyticsubunit is Required for Rejoining of DNA Double-Strand Breaks.
<title>Thermal imaging of brain tumors in a rat glioma model</title> (2002)

We have explored the capability of thermal imaging for the detection of brain tumors in a rat glioma mode. Fourteen Wistar rats were injected stereotactically with 100,000 C6 glioma cells. Approximately one and two weeks post implantation, the rats underwent bilateral craniotomy and the exposed brain surface was imaged with a short wave thermal camera. Thermal images were obtained at both low (approximately 28.7 degree(s)C) and high (approximately 38 degree(s)C) core temperatures. Temperature gradients between the tumor site and the contralateral normal brain were calculated. Overall, the tumors appeared cooler than normal brain, for both high and low core temperatures. Average temperature difference between tumor and normal brain were maximal in more advanced tumors (two weeks) and at higher core temperatures. At one week (N equals 6), the average temperature gradient between tumor and normal sites was 0.1 degree(s)C and 0.2 degree(s)C at low and high core temperatures respectively (P(greater than)0.05). At two weeks (N equals 8), the average temperature gradient was 0.3 degree(s)C and 0.7 degree(s)C at low and high core temperatures respectively (P<0.05). We conclude that thermal imaging can detect temperature differences between tumor and normal brain tissue in this model, particularly in more advanced tumors. Thermal imaging may provide a novel means to identify brain tumors intraoperatively.
Developmental Instability and Working Memory Ability in Children: A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Investigation (2000)

This study of children (ages 7 through 12) wishes to determine (a) whether variation in frontal lobe brain chemistry, determined from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), is related to performance on a working memory task in children, and (b) whether developmental instability (DI; the imprecise expression of the genetic plan for development due to several known genetic and environmental effects) underlies phenotypic variation in brain chemistry. 1H-MRS assessed neurometabolites in a right frontal white matter voxel. The Visual Two-Back test assessed working memory. A composite measure of DI was created from measures of minor physical anomalies, fluctuating asymmetry of body characteristics, and fluctuating asymmetry of dermatoglyphic features. Greater DI strongly predicted lower concentrations of creatine-phosphocreatine (Cre) and choline-containing compounds, whereas Cre and N-acetyl-aspartate positively correlated with working memory skills. Working memory skills thus seem related to frontal lobe energy metabolism, which in turn is related to DI.
Unraveling the Consecutive Recombination Events in the Human <i>IGK</i> Locus (2004)

In addition to the classical Vkappa-Jkappa, Vkappa-kappa deleting element (Kde), and intron-Kde gene rearrangements, atypical recombinations involving Jkappa recombination signal sequence (RSS) or intronRSS elements can occur in the Igkappa (IGK) locus, as observed in human B cell malignancies. In-depth analysis revealed that atypical JkappaRSS-intronRSS, Vkappa-intronRSS, and JkappaRSS-Kde recombinations not only occur in B cell malignancies, but rather reflect physiological gene rearrangements present in normal human B cells as well. Excision circle analysis and recombination substrate assays can discriminate between single-step vs multistep rearrangements. Using this combined approach, we unraveled that the atypical Vkappa-intronRSS and JkappaRSS-Kde pseudohybrid joints most probably result from ongoing recombination following an initial aberrant JkappaRSS-intronRSS signal joint formation. Based on our observations in normal and malignant human B cells, a model is presented to describe the sequential (classical and atypical) recombination events in the human IGK locus and their estimated relative frequencies (0.2-1.0 vs < 0.03). The initial JkappaRSS-intronRSS signal joint formation (except for Jkappa1RSS-intronRSS) might be a side event of an active V(D)J recombination mechanism, but the subsequent formation of Vkappa-intronRSS and JkappaRSS-Kde pseudohybrid joints can represent an alternative pathway for IGK allele inactivation and allelic exclusion, in addition to classical Ckappa deletions. Although usage of this alternative pathway is limited, it seems essential for inactivation of those IGK alleles that have undergone initial aberrant recombinations, which might otherwise hamper selection of functional Ig L chain proteins.
Directional Associative Markov Network for 3-D Point Cloud Classification (2018)

In this paper we address the problem of automated three dimensional point cloud interpretation. This problem is important for various tasks from environment modeling to obstacle avoidance for autonomous robot navigation. In addition to locally extracted features, classifiers need to utilize contextual information in order to perform well. A popular approach to account for context is to utilize the Markov Random Field framework. One recent variant that has successfully been used for the problem considered is the Associative Markov Network (AMN). We extend the AMN model to learn directionality in the clique potentials, resulting in a new anisotropic model that can be efficiently learned using the subgradient method. We validate the proposed approach using data collected from different range sensors and show better performance against standard AMN and Support Vector Machine algorithms.
Optimal Portfolios with Bounded Capital at Risk (2001)

We consider some continuous‐time Markowitz type portfolio problems that consist of maximizing expected terminal wealth under the constraint of an upper bound for the capital at risk. In a Black–Scholes setting we obtain closed‐form explicit solutions and compare their form and implications to those of the classical continuous‐time mean‐variance problem. We also consider more general price processes that allow for larger fluctuations in the returns.
Consideration of end effects of DNA hybridization in selection of fluorescent dyes for development of optical biosensors (1999)

Intercalating fluorescent dyes are in widespread use to detect the presence of double-stranded DNA. Applications include the development of biosensors that rely on the attachment ("tethering") of a dye molecule by a short hydrocarbon chain to the terminus of a strand of DNA so that dye is continuously available and the biosensor is fully reversible. Double strands of DNA have end effects that limit the stability of hybridization and dye intercalation near the termini of the duplexes. Therefore, the selection of the dye must be based on consideration of spectroscopic properties and also issues associated with tether length and the stoichiometry of the binding of the dye with double- and single-stranded DNA. Ethidium bromide (EB) has been used extensively to detect hybridization of DNA in applications such as electrophoresis, gene chips, and biosensors. A number of dyes with greater quantum efficiency than EB for detection of hybridization have been reported. Furthermore, other practical spectroscopic advantages can be gained in terms of improved S/N by use of dyes that have excitation that is red shifted relative to EB. Pyrilium iodide has been disclosed as an intercalator of high quantum efficiency and long excitation wavelength. This work investigates pyrilium iodide in comparison to EB as a candidate for preparation of a tethered dye for detection of hybridization of DNA 20-mers.Key words: biosensors, DNA, hybridization, fluorescence, end effects.