gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laboratory core flooding experimental systems for CO2 geosequestration: An updated review over the past decade (2015)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) geosequestration in deep saline aquifers has been currently deemed as a preferable and practicable mitigation means for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions to the atmosphere, as deep saline aquifers can offer the greatest potential from a capacity point of view. Hence, research on core-scale CO2/brine multiphase migration processes is of great significance for precisely estimating storage efficiency, ensuring storage security, and predicting the long-term effects of the sequestered CO2 in subsurface saline aquifers. This review article initially presents a brief description of the essential aspects of CO2 subsurface transport and geological trapping mechanisms, and then outlines the state-of-the-art laboratory core flooding experimental apparatus that has been adopted for simulating CO2 injection and migration processes in the literature over the past decade. Finally, a summary of the characteristics, components and applications of publicly reported core flooding equipment as well as major research gaps and areas in need of further study are given in relevance to laboratory-scale core flooding experiments in CO2 geosequestration under reservoir conditions.
Unique Excavated Rhombic Dodecahedral PtCu<sub>3</sub> Alloy Nanocrystals Constructed with Ultrathin Nanosheets of High-Energy {110} Facets (2014)

Ultrathin crystalline nanosheets give an extremely high surface area of a specific crystal facet with unique physical and chemical properties compared with normal three-dimensionally polyhedral nanocrystals (NCs). However, the ultrathin metal nanosheets tend to curl themselves or assemble with each other sheet by sheet, which may reduce the effective surface area and accordingly the catalytic activity to a great extent. Here we report a facile wet-chemical route that allows the fabrication of novel excavated rhombic dodecahedral (ERD) PtCu3 alloy NCs with ultrathin nanosheets of high-energy {110} facets. The surface area was measured to be 77 m(2) g(-1) by CO stripping, although the particle size is about 50 nm. Electrochemical characterizations showed that the ERD PtCu3 NCs exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance and high antipoisoning activity in comparison with commercial Pt black and PtCu3 alloy NCs with {111} surfaces.
Broadcast Communications and Distributed Algorithms (1986)

The paper addresses ways in which one can use "broadcast communication" in distributed algorithms and the relevant issues of design and complexity. We present an algorithm for merging k sorted lists of n/k elements using k processors and prove its worst case complexity to be 2n, regardless of the number of processors, while neglecting the cost arising from possible conflicts on the broadcast channel. We also show that this algorithm is optimal under single-channel broadcast communication. In a variation of the algorithm, we show that by using an extra local memory of O(k) the number of broadcasts is reduced to n. When the algorithm is used for sorting n elements with k processors, where each processor sorts its own list first and then merging, it has a complexity of O(n/k log(n/k) + n), and is thus asymptotically optimal for large n. We also discuss the cost incurred by the channel access scheme and prove that resolving conflicts whenever k processors are involved introduces a cost factor of at least log k.
Spectrum of gross deletions and insertions in theRB1 gene in patients with retinoblastoma and association with phenotypic expression (2005)

Quantitative multiplex PCR and genomic real-time PCR were used to complete an RB1 mutation analysis in 57 of 433 and 72 of 262 patients with hereditary and isolated unilateral retinoblastoma, respectively. These patients were selected because in previous analyses, which focused mainly on the identification of point mutations, no RB1 mutation was found. We identified gross deletions and insertions in peripheral blood DNA from 26 of 57 patients (46%) with hereditary retinoblastoma, and in six of 72 patients (8.3%) with isolated unilateral disease. In addition, we identified 32 somatic mutations in tumor DNA from 31 of 72 patients (43%) with isolated unilateral retinoblastoma. Together with our previous results, we found that gross RB1 alterations were present in the peripheral blood DNA from 65 of 433 (15%) and 17 of 262 (6.5%) patients with bilateral or familial and isolated unilateral retinoblastoma, respectively. Including reported gross deletions, an analysis of the frequency of breakpoints per intron length shows higher densities in introns 13, 16, 23, and 24. Genotype-phenotype analyses showed that on the whole, carriers of gross deletions develop fewer retinoblastomas compared to patients who are heterozygous for other types of RB1 null mutations. Specifically, carriers of cytogenetic and submicroscopic whole gene deletions often have unilateral tumors only. By contrast, almost all patients with gross deletions with one breakpoint in RB1 have bilateral retinoblastoma.
Full-length soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor down-modulates nephrin expression in podocytes (2015)

Increased plasma level of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) was associated recently with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In addition, different clinical studies observed increased concentration of suPAR in various glomerular diseases and in other human pathologies with nephrotic syndromes such as HIV and Hantavirus infection, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Here, we show that suPAR induces nephrin down-modulation in human podocytes. This phenomenon is mediated only by full-length suPAR, is time-and dose-dependent and is associated with the suppression of Wilms' tumor 1 (WT-1) transcription factor expression. Moreover, an antagonist of αvβ3 integrin RGDfv blocked suPAR-induced suppression of nephrin. These in vitro data were confirmed in an in vivo uPAR knock out Plaur(-/-) mice model by demonstrating that the infusion of suPAR inhibits expression of nephrin and WT-1 in podocytes and induces proteinuria. This study unveiled that interaction of full-length suPAR with αvβ3 integrin expressed on podocytes results in down-modulation of nephrin that may affect kidney functionality in different human pathologies characterized by increased concentration of suPAR.
Amino acid sequence of thermolysin. Isolation and characterization of the fragments obtained by cleavage with cyanogen bromide (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmino acid sequence of thermolysin. Isolation and characterization of the fragments obtained by cleavage with cyanogen bromideKoiti Titani, Mark A. Hermodson, Lowell H. Ericsson, Kenneth A. Walsh, and Hans NeurathCite this: Biochemistry 1972, 11, 13, 2427–2435Publication Date (Print):June 20, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 20 June 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00763a007https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00763a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views259Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A novel organometallic phosphine ligand containing titanium(II), (.eta.5-C5H5)Ti(.eta.7-C7H6PPh2), and related heterobimetallic complexes: x-ray structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)Ti(.eta.7-C7H6PPh2)Mo(CO)5C6H5CH3 (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel organometallic phosphine ligand containing titanium(II), (.eta.5-C5H5)Ti(.eta.7-C7H6PPh2), and related heterobimetallic complexes: x-ray structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)Ti(.eta.7-C7H6PPh2)Mo(CO)5C6H5CH3Bernard Demerseman, Pierre H. Dixneuf, Jacques Douglade, and Rene MercierCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 11, 3942–3947Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00141a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00141a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The preparation and characterization of optical thin films produced by ion-assisted deposition (1984)

Inert and reactive gas ion beams have been used in the preparation of high-quality optical thin films for use as dielectric coatings on optical components, solar selective absorbers, and protective films on Ag and Al mirrors. Films are deposited by electron-beam evaporation and simultaneous irradiation of the growing film at the substrate or by ion-beam sputtering with and without ion assistance. Substantial improvement in the film packing density has been achieved, the refractive indices increased, and water penetration through the films was suppressed. TiN has been deposited by Ti evaporation and nitrogen irradiation for use as an element in a high-temperature solar selective absorber. Amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) has also been produced by Si evaporation and hydrogen irradiation or by mixed ion-beam sputtering. Significant changes in the crystal structure of PbS have also been achieved by ion irradiation. Dielectric films of ZrO2, SiO2, and Al2O3 have been deposited by ion-assisted deposition and ZrO2 has been used as a highly successful protective coating on Al and Ag mirrors. The optical properties of the films have been studied and the film composition checked by x-ray diffraction, nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), Rutherford backscattering (RBS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS).
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review of current concepts (2003)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), once thought to be a rare neurodegenerative disease, affects between 1.2 and 1.8/100,000 individuals. This age-dependent disorder, similar to other major neurological disorders of the aging population (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease) is increasing in incidence at a rate which cannot be accounted for by population aging alone. Multiple clinical variants of ALS are now recognized which are associated with a spectrum of clinical outcomes from aggressive to rather indolent. Three variants of ALS are generally accepted, including the western Pacific type (often associated with dementia), familial (the majority of which are autosomal dominant in their inheritance) and classic sporadic ALS. Considerable biological heterogeneity underlies the disease process of ALS. By the time ALS is clinically evident, derangements at the cellular level in ALS are extensive and include alterations in the cytoskeleton, mitochondrial function, microglial activation, and the metabolism of reactive oxygenating species and glutamate. Our understanding of the genetic aspects of the disease continues to expand. These observations have led to the suggestion that multiple distinct etiologies may be responsible. Recent advances have also included the observation that cognitive decline may be present in a population of patients not previously recognised. Significant advances in both symptomatic and adjunctive therapy have resulted in prolonged quality and duration of life.
Cranberry Proanthocyanidins Improve Intestinal sIgA During Elemental Enteral Nutrition (2013)

Background : Elemental enteral nutrition (EEN) decreases gut‐associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) function, including fewer Peyer's patch lymphocytes and lower levels of the tissue T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines and mucosal transport protein polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), leading to lower luminal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels. Since we recently demonstrated that cranberry proanthocyanidins (PACs) maintain the Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)–4 when added to EEN, we hypothesized the addition of PACs to EEN would normalize other GALT parameters and maintain luminal levels of sIgA. Methods : Institute of Cancer Research mice were randomized (12/group) to receive chow, EEN, or EEN + PACs (100 mg/kg body weight) for 5 days, starting 2 days after intragastric cannulation. Ileum tissue was collected to measure IL‐4 by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, pIgR by Western blot, and phosphorylated STAT‐6 by microarray. Intestinal wash fluid was collected to measure sIgA by Western blot. Results : Compared with chow, EEN significantly decreased tissue IL‐4, phosphorylated STAT‐6, and pIgR. The addition of PACs to EEN prevented these alterations. Compared with chow, EEN resulted in significantly lower levels of luminal sIgA. The addition of PACs to EEN increased luminal sIgA levels compared with EEN alone. Conclusions : This study suggests the addition of PACs to EEN may support GALT function and maintain intestinal sIgA levels compared with EEN administration alone.
ICT INVESTMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN POST OFFICE: RECONSIDERING THE APPROACHES OF THE PAST 20 YEARS (2015)

Organisations have invested and continue to invest considerable resources in Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Much of this investment is made on the basis of guarantee than an expected return will occur. This study presents the results of an empirical study of the impact of ICT investment on performance at the South African Post office (SAPO). Six years of historical data, from 2005 to 2010, were obtained from the Chief Information Officer (CIO) of the SAPO and analysed. This included appropriate IT data and financial data from the organisation’s financial statements and balance sheet. ICT investments were tested against financial performance indicators such as return on ICT investment, operating leverage, turnover growth, net profit, organisational risk, IT cost efficiency ratio and IT efficiency ratio. Within the period studied, it was observed that ICT investments at SAPO were negatively correlated with most of the financial indicators such as return on ICT investment, operating leverage, turn-over growth, net profit, organisational risk and IT efficiency ratio. This study therefore suggests that ICT investments at SAPO for the mentioned period did not have desirable impact on financial performance of the organisation. In order to realise tangible financial benefits of the ICT investments at SAPO, the research results suggest that a longer period needs to be considered, and should also include like non-technological determinants such as competence and experience levels of IT personnel, alignment of IT strategy with business strategy and business process re-engineering to suit new systems needs to be considered too prior to making any investments in ICT.
Prophylactic treatment of BALB/c mice with cyclosporine A and its analog B-5-49 enhances resistance to <i>Leishmania</i> major. (1986)

The effect of cyclosporine A (Cs A) and its analog B-5-49 on Leishmania major in vitro and in vivo in the highly susceptible BALB/c mouse strain has been investigated. In vitro, both of these drugs showed significant toxicity toward L. major, but only at relatively high levels (greater than 25 micrograms/ml). However, at 5 and 10 micrograms/ml, levels which correspond more closely to physiologically achievable concentrations, no growth-inhibitory effect in vitro was observed. On administration of the drugs to animals with established lesions, no beneficial effect was observed and, in fact, some exacerbation of lesion development and disease progression was noted. Surprisingly, a majority of the mice treated prophylactically with Cs A for a period of 7 consecutive days beginning 1 day before infection with L. major did not develop ulcerated cutaneous lesions, although some footpad swelling was observed 10 days to 2 wk after infection. These resistant animals displayed a sustained DTH after infection, and were resistant to further challenge with virulent L. major. Prophylactic treatment with the B-5-49 analog of Cs A was also effective in enhancing resistance to L. major infection in BALB/c mice, although to a somewhat lesser degree. Because the cyclosporines tested do not appear to be directly toxic nor inhibitory in vivo for established L. major infections, it appears that these drugs may be effective in modulating the induction stage of the immune response toward the parasites in the BALB/c mouse in such a way as to allow a protective immunity to develop.
LDA-1 Monoclonal Antibody (1986)

• To determine the diagnostic usefulness of a monoclonal antibody to the LDA-1 antigen, a newly defined noncollagenous component of the lamina densa of human basement membrane, we examined skin specimens from 20 patients with epidermolysis bullosa (simplex type, eight patients; junctional type, four patients; dystrophic type, eight patients) by the indirect immunofluorescence technique. We compared this antibody to polyclonal antibodies with three other antigens routinely examined in diagnostic immunofluorescence mapping studies. The antigen defined by the LDA-1 monoclonal antibody was expressed normally in all specimens examined, regardless of the type of epidermolysis bullosa present. Furthermore, no disparity was noted between the LDA-1 monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal antibody to type IV collagen in the microscopic localization of binding within induced skin blisters. These findings suggest that the LDA-1 monoclonal antibody is an excellent immunoreagent for diagnostic immunofluorescence mapping studies. (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>1986;122:48-51)
Implementation of packet-based encoding schemes for speech transmission (1991)

Missing packets due to network congestion can seriously degrade the quality of received speech in voice packet communication. The natural redundancy of speech offers some protection against loss and about 1 to 2% missing packets cause little noticeable distortion if silence is substituted for the missing segments. The implementation of packet-based embedded coding (PBEC) and the performance of a simple encoder/decoder which exploits PBEC are discussed. The encoder/decoder combines the sample-by-sample predictive mode necessary for low bit rate operation with whole packet prediction for missing packet reconstruction.
A four-element transmission trap detector (1995)

Use of a transmission trap detector with four silicon photodiodes for absolute radiometry is described. The photodiodes are arranged in a three-dimensional array so that the small amount of light not absorbed after four reflections is transmitted in a direction coaxial with the input direction. The transmittance of the trap is measured for each application to determine the correction to the ideal photodetector response. Results at a wavelength of 633 nm show consistent power measurements for transmission losses in the range 0.3% to 3%, depending on the orientation of the trap detector relative to the polarization direction of the input beam. Trap power measurements are compared with a cryogenic radiometer.
A new device for balloon inflation during valvuloplasty: A perliminary reoport (1989)

A new device using a lever concept has been designed to facilitate rapid inflation and deflation of balloons during valvuloplasty. This report summarizes and illustrates the design features of the balloon inflation device as well as in vitro results of testing of times for balloon inflation, deflation, and bursting.
Superhydrophobic Colloidally Textured Polythiophene Film as Superior Anticorrosion Coating (2012)

In this paper, we demonstrated for the first time the use of electrodeposited superhydrophobic conducting polythiophene coating to effectively protect the underlying steel substrate from corrosion attack: by first preventing water from being absorbed onto the coating, thus preventing the corrosive chemicals and corrosion products from diffusing through the coating, and second by causing an anodic shift in the corrosion potential as it galvanically couples to the metal substrate. Standard electrochemical measurements revealed the steel coated with antiwetting nanostructured polythiophene film, which was immersed in chloride solution of different pH and temperature for up to 7 days, is very well protected from corrosion evidenced by protection efficiency of greater than 95%. Fabrication of the dual properties superhydrophobic anticorrosion nanostructured conducting polymer coating follows a two-step coating procedure that is very simple and can be used to coat any metallic surface.