gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Left Septal Atrial Flutter (2004)

Slowing of electric conduction in the left atrial septum due to antiarrhythmic drugs and/or atrial myopathy seems to promote left septal atrial flutter. Radiofrequency ablation of this arrhythmia is usually effective and safe. A line of block between the septum primum and the mitral annulus proved to be effective for cure of tachycardia.
<i>AdCD40L</i>Gene Therapy Counteracts T Regulatory Cells and Cures Aggressive Tumors in an Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model (2005)

AdCD40L gene therapy evokes Th1 cytokine responses and counteracts T regulatory cell development and/or function.
Transplantation of Organs Between Species (1992)

The shortage of organs from human donors for transplantation has stimulated a renewed interest in the use of organs from animals or xenografting. Such grafts can be transplanted between closely related species--concordant, or distantly related species--discordant. In this mini review the immune processes which cause rejection for each of these categories is described. Data demonstrating methods by which this rejection can be controlled are summarised and a possible approach to clinical application is described.
Generalized Schwarz form and lattice - ladder realizations of digital filters (1985)

This paper deals with the structural properties of lattice-ladder realization of digital filters in a state-space model context. A salient feature of the lattice-ladder realization in state space is its close connection to the Schwarz form, a class of matrices which plays a key role in the stability analysis of linear systems. This connection is further investigated and generalized in this paper to yield a new class of matrices called a generalized Schwarz form. Based on the recursive structure of this new class of matrices, it is shown that there are <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2^{n}- 1</tex> lattice realizations of a given digital filter of order <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> , each of which corresponds to a different way of connecting lattice sections. Some interesting algebraic properties of generalized lattice realizations are derived which recast the input/output properties of lattice-ladder form from the state-space point of view. Practical advantages of using the generalized lattice form are discussed and a design example is illustrated.
Geologically Consistent History Matching of a Deepwater Turbidite Reservoir (2005)

Abstract This paper presents an innovative methodology to integrate prior geologic information, well log data, seismic data and production data into a consistent 3D reservoir model. Furthermore, the method is applied to a real channel reservoir from the African coast. The methodology relies on the probability perturbation method. Perturbing probabilities rather than actual petrophysical properties guarantees that the conceptual geologic model is maintained and that any history matching related artifacts are avoided. Creating reservoir models that match all types of data are likely to have more prediction power than methods where some data are not honored. The first part of the paper reviews the details of the probability perturbation method (PPM), and the next part of this paper describes the additional work that is required to history match real reservoirs using this method. Then, a geological description of the reservoir case study is provided, and the procedure to build 3D reservoir models that are only conditioned to the static data is covered. Due to the character of the field, the channels are modeled with a multiple-point geostatistical method. The channel locations are perturbed in a manner such that the oil, water, and gas rates from the reservoir more accurately match the rates observed in the field. Two different geologic scenarios are used, and multiple history matched models are generated for each scenario. The reservoir has been producing for about five years, but the models are matched only to first three years of production. Afterwards, to check predictive power, the matched models are run for the last one and a half years, and the results compare favorably with the field data.
Deformable Surface Spatial Light Modulator (1987)

A spatial light modulator (SLM) based on a deformable gel surface is presented. It has remarkable optical properties and its construction and operation are comparatively simple. It can be optically addressed through a photoconductor layer. The surface relief pattern is read out by total reflection and a schlieren optical system. The device provides good wavefront quality (X/10 over the whole aperture of 30 x 50 mm2) and has a spatial resolution of 10 line pairs/mm. Contrast ratios for modulation up to 40:1 were measured. The input sensitivity is typically 0.3 mW/cm2. The rise and decay times are both approximately 20 ms. Besides its primary application as a light valve in large screen TV projection, it can be used in optical information processing systems, e.g., as an incoherent-to-coherent transducer. Combined with a CRT, the SLM can be addressed electronically.
Profiling serine protease substrate specificity with solution phase fluorogenic peptide microarrays (2005)

A novel microarray-based proteolytic profiling assay enabled the rapid determination of protease substrate specificities with minimal sample and enzyme usage. A 722-member library of fluorogenic protease substrates of the general format Ac-Ala-X-X-(Arg/Lys)-coumarin was synthesized and microarrayed, along with fluorescent calibration standards, in glycerol nanodroplets on microscope slides. The arrays were then activated by deposition of an aerosolized enzyme solution, followed by incubation and fluorometric scanning. The specificities of human blood serine proteases (human thrombin, factor Xa, plasmin, and urokinase plasminogen activator) were examined. The arrays provided complete maps of protease specificity for all of the substrates tested and allowed for detection of cooperative interactions between substrate subsites. The arrays were further utilized to explore the conservation of thrombin specificity across species by comparing the proteolytic fingerprints of human, bovine, and salmon thrombin. These enzymes share nearly identical specificity profiles despite approximately 390 million years of divergent evolution. Fluorogenic substrate microarrays provide a rapid way to determine protease substrate specificity information that can be used for the design of selective inhibitors and substrates, the study of evolutionary divergence, and potentially, for diagnostic applications.
Efficient Algorithms for Langevin and DPD Dynamics (2012)

In this article, we present several algorithms for stochastic dynamics, including Langevin dynamics and different variants of Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD), applicable to systems with or without constraints. The algorithms are based on the impulsive application of friction and noise, thus avoiding the computational complexity of algorithms that apply continuous friction and noise. Simulation results on thermostat strength and diffusion properties for ideal gas, coarse-grained (MARTINI) water, and constrained atomic (SPC/E) water systems are discussed. We show that the measured thermal relaxation rates agree well with theoretical predictions. The influence of various parameters on the diffusion coefficient is discussed.
Fresh Clues about the Origin of Mammalian Middle Ear Revealed (2002)

CAS paleontologists have identified a rod-like bone from two early Cretaceous mammals as ossified Meckel's cartilage (OMC). This clears some doubts on the controversial topic of the origin of definitive mannalian middle ear (DMME).……
Rate-Adaptive Modulation and Coding for Optical Fiber Transmission Systems (2012)

We propose a rate-adaptive optical transmission scheme using variable-rate forward error correction (FEC) codes and variable-size constellations at a fixed symbol rate, quantifying how achievable bit rates vary with distance. The scheme uses serially concatenated Reed-Solomon codes and an inner repetition code to vary the code rate, combined with single-carrier polarization-multiplexed -ary quadrature amplitude modulation with variable and digital coherent detection. Employing , the scheme achieves a maximum bit rate of 200 Gb/s in a nominal 50-GHz channel bandwidth. A rate adaptation algorithm uses the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or the FEC decoder input bit-error ratio (BER) estimated by a receiver to determine the FEC code rate and constellation size that maximizes the information bit rate while yielding a target FEC decoder output BER and a specified SNR margin. We simulate single-channel transmission through long-haul fiber systems with or without inline chromatic dispersion compensation, incorporating numerous optical switches, evaluating the impact of fiber nonlinearity and bandwidth narrowing. With zero SNR margin, we achieve bit rates of 200/100/50 Gb/s over distances of 640/2080/3040 km and 1120/3760/5440 km in dispersion-compensated and dispersion-uncompensated systems, respectively. Compared to an ideal coding scheme, the proposed scheme exhibits a performance gap ranging from about 6.4 dB at 640 km to 7.6 dB at 5040 km in compensated systems, and from about 6.6 dB at 1120 km to 7.5 dB at 7600 km in uncompensated systems. We present limited simulations of three-channel transmission, showing that interchannel nonlinearities decrease achievable distances by about 10% and 7% for dispersion-compensated and dispersion-uncompensated systems, respectively.
Gold adsorption on the carbon surface of C/Co nanoparticles allows magnetic extraction from extremely diluted aqueous solutions (2009)

The elusive chemistry of gold has made refining from ores a difficult task and often involves handling of large volumes of water at low pH values with associated high environmental burden. As a result, the broader use of gold in environmental catalysis, organic synthesis and in electronics is still limited in spite of its most attractive chemistry. Present gold extraction suffers from metal loss in the form of gold adsorbed on active carbon particles that are washed out of the extraction process. Here, we investigate the use of magnetic carbon in the form of carbon-coated metal nanomagnets for ionic gold recovery. In contrast to acid-labile iron oxide nanoparticles, the carbon/cobalt nanomagnets resisted dissolution in acidic refining/recycling waters. Repetitive extraction runs demonstrated the possibility to recycle the magnetic reagent. A series of dilution studies showed a high affinity of the ionic gold to the carbon surfaces of the nanomagnets which enabled gold extraction down to the part per billion level (microgram per litre). Detailed investigations on the morphology of the Au-loaded nanomagnets after use suggest a mechanism based on the selective reduction of ionic gold on the C/Co surface and transfer of cobalt through the carbon shell. The resulting irreversible deposition of metallic gold correlated with the release of oxidized (ionic) cobalt into the aqueous phase.
Safety and efficacy of combination therapy with low-dose gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and sorafenib in patients with cisplatin-resistant urothelial cancer (2015)

Various regimens including molecular targeted agents have been examined in patients with cisplatin (CDDP)-resistant urothelial cancer (UC). However, some studies have been stopped owing to the development of severe adverse events. The main aim of this study was to examine the anticancer effects, changes in the quality of life (QoL), and safety of combined therapy of low-dose gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and sorafenib (LD-GPS) in patients with CDDP-resistant UC. Twenty patients were treated with gemcitabine (700 mg/m(2) on day 1), paclitaxel (70 mg/m(2) on day 1), and sorafenib (400 mg/day on days 8-22). QoL and pain relief were evaluated using the short-form survey (SF)-36 for bodily pain and the visual analog scale (VAS). VAS scores were significantly decreased by both the second- and third-line therapies (P = 0.012 and 0.028, respectively). The bodily pain score from the SF-36 survey was also significantly (P = 0.012) decreased. Complete responses, partial responses, and stable disease were found in 0 (0.0 %), 1 (5.0 %), and 13 patients (65 %), respectively. The median (interquartile range) period of overall survival after starting of this therapy was 7 (5-11) months. Three patients (15.0 %) stopped therapy because of grade 3 fatigue and hand-foot reactions. LD-GPS therapy was well tolerated by patients with CDDP-resistant UC. QoL was maintained, and improvements in their pain levels were found after treatment; pain relief was detected after third-line therapy. We suggest that this treatment regimen is worthy of consideration as second- and third-line therapy for patients with CDDP-resistant UC.
Bus detection system for blind people using RFID (2015)

This paper presents a bus detection system using RFID technology that aims to ease the traveling and movement of blind people. The proposed system consists of two detection subsystems; one on the buses and the other on the bus stations, database system and a website. In the bus detection subsystem, the nearby stations will be easily detected and then announced through a voice message inside the bus. Moreover, any existing blind person in the surrounding area of the station will be detected by the bus subsystem to alert the bus driver about the number of blind persons. In the bus station subsystem, the coming buses will be detected and then announced in the station in order to alert the blind people. A complete system prototype has been constructed and tested to validate the proposed system. The results show that the system performance is promising in terms of system functionality, safety, and cost.
Magnetic Separation of Malaria-Infected Red Blood Cells in Various Developmental Stages (2013)

Malaria is a serious disease that threatens the public health, especially in developing countries. Various methods have been developed to separate malaria-infected red blood cells (i-RBCs) from blood samples for clinical diagnosis and biological and epidemiological research. In this study, we propose a simple and label-free method for separating not only late-stage but also early-stage i-RBCs on the basis of their paramagnetic characteristics due to the malaria byproduct, hemozoin, by using a magnetic field gradient. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channel was fabricated and integrated with a ferromagnetic wire fixed on a glass slide. To evaluate the performance of the microfluidic device containing the ferromagnetic wire, lateral displacement of NaNO2-treated RBCs, which also have paramagnetic characteristics, was observed at various flow rates. The results showed excellent agreement with theoretically predicted values. The same device was applied to separate i-RBCs. Late-stage i-RBCs (trophozoites and schizonts), which contain optically visible black dots, were separated with a recovery rate of approximately 98.3%. In addition, using an optimal flow rate, early-stage (ring-stage) i-RBCs, which had been difficult to separate because of their low paramagnetic characteristics, were successfully separated with a recovery rate of 73%. The present technique, using permanent magnets and ferromagnetic wire in a microchannel, can effectively separate i-RBCs in various developmental stages so that it could provide a potential tool for studying the invasion mechanism of the malarial parasite, as well as performing antimalarial drug assays.
The Preparation of Aromatic Alcohols by the Crossed Cannizzaro Reaction with Formaldehyde (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Aromatic Alcohols by the Crossed Cannizzaro Reaction with FormaldehydeDavid Davidson and Marston Taylor BogertCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 5, 905Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01308a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01308a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views631Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AIDA–A dynamic data flow anomaly detection system for pascal programs (1987)

Abstract This paper presents a description of, and experience in using, AIDA, an automated instrumentation system to perform data flow analysis for Pascal programs. AIDA is capable of detecting not only data flow anomalies, but also certain kinds of errors. It is a useful software testing and development tool for Pascal programs. The associated implementation problems and their solutions are presented.
20-H rule modeling and measurements (2002)

The 20-H rule is a printed circuit board layout guideline. On boards with power and ground planes, the fringing field at the edges of the board is contained by backing the edge of the power plane away from the edge of the board by a distance equal to 20 times the separation distance between the planes. In this study, test boards were built and measured with and without implementing the 20-H rule. The measured results are compared to numerical models. The results of this study show that, although the near fields are more contained, the radiation from a board implementing the 20-H rule is actually slightly higher than the radiation from boards with a traditional design.
An architecture for temporal data mining (1998)

The work concentrates on a prototype system architecture for mining temporal patterns. As part of that, generic temporal and periodic patterns are formally defined and the mining problem for temporal patterns is described. The components of the architecture are discussed in detail. As part of this architecture, it is recognised that in order to find useful knowledge, the user of a KDD system has to select the relevant data subset, identify suitable classes of patterns and define good criteria for interestingness of the patterns. To help users achieve this, it is expected that powerful languages can be used to express different ad hoc data mining tasks. For this purpose, an SQL-based mining language is presented and it is demonstrated that this language can be used to discover various types of temporal (or not) patterns or rules. (4 pages)
Efficacy of Selected Insecticide Mixtures for Control of the Bollworm/Tobacco Budworm Complex, 1994 (1995)

Abstract Fourteen insecticide treatments were evaluated at the Red River Research Station, Bossier City, LA, to determine their efficacy in controlling the bollworm/tobacco budworm complex on cotton. Cotton was planted 28 Apr and plots were 4 rows × 30.5 m on 102 cm centers. All plots had Temik 15G (0.56 kg (ALVha) and Terraclor Super-X 10-2.5G (1.12 + 0.28 kg (AI)/ha) applied infurrow at planting. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 replications. All plots were oversprayed with Vydate C-LV (0.28 kg (AI)/ha) for plant bugs and weevils on 17 Jun. Plots were oversprayed for the bollworm/tobacco budworm complex before and after the trial with Karate 1EC (0.034 kg (AI)/ha) and Baythroid 2EC + Orthene 90SP (0.031 + 1.12 kg (AI)/ha) on 30 Jun and 26 Aug, respectively. During the trial, plots were oversprayed with Methyl Parathion 4EC at 0.28 and 0.37 kg (AI)/ha on 5 and 10 Aug, respectively. Insecticide treatments were applied in 52.4 liters of finished spray solution/ha at 4.22 kg/cm2 with TX-3 hollow-cone nozzles spaced 50.8 cm apart (2 nozzles/row). Treatments were applied with a high-clearance sprayer equipped with a CO2 system for spraying small plots. Treatments were applied on 20, 26 Jul, 2, 12, and 19 Aug. The 10-day interval between sprays in early Aug resulted from a 5.54-cm rainfall on 8 Aug. Infestations of larvae and square damage were monitored on 25, 28 Jul, 4, and 16 Aug. During the trial, the bollworm was the predominant species. Yields were determined by mechanically harvesting the center 2 rows of each plot on 21 Oct.
Challenges of Intervehicle Ad Hoc Networks (2004)

Intervehicle communication (IVC) networks, a subclass of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), have no fixed infrastructure and instead rely on the nodes themselves to provide network functionality. However, due to mobility constraints, driver behavior, and high mobility, IVC networks exhibit characteristics that are dramatically different from many generic MANETs. This paper elicits these differences through simulations and mathematical models and then explores the impact of the differences on the IVC communication architecture, including important security implications.
Principles of Sonar Installation (1982)

Abstract : This document provides information useful to designers and constructors of antisubmarine warfare ships. The fundamentals of sonar, noise generation and transmission, vibration control, acoustic phenomena, elastomers, acoustic shipboard sonar uses, and sonar installation, and electromagnetic interference are discussed.
Panhandle and reverse-panhandle PCR enable cloning of der(11) and der(other) genomic breakpoint junctions of<i>MLL</i>translocations and identify complex translocation of<i>MLL</i>,<i>AF-4</i>, and<i>CDK6</i> (2002)

We used panhandle PCR to clone the der(11) genomic breakpoint junction in three leukemias with t(4;11) and devised reverse-panhandle PCR to clone the breakpoint junction of the other derivative chromosome. This work contributes two elements to knowledge on MLL translocations. First is reverse-panhandle PCR for cloning breakpoint junctions of the other derivative chromosomes, sequences of which are germane to understanding the MLL translocation process. The technique revealed duplicated sequences in one case of infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and small deletions in a case of treatment-related ALL. The second element is discovery of a three-way rearrangement of MLL, AF-4, and CDK6 in another case of infant ALL. Cytogenetic analysis was unsuccessful at diagnosis, but suggested t(4;11) and del(7)(q21q31) at relapse. Panhandle PCR analysis of the diagnostic marrow identified a breakpoint junction of MLL intron 8 and AF-4 intron 3. Reverse-panhandle PCR identified a breakpoint junction of CDK6 from band 7q21-q22 and MLL intron 9. CDK6 encodes a critical cell cycle regulator and is the first gene of this type disrupted by MLL translocation. Cdk6 is overexpressed or disrupted by translocation in many cancers. The in-frame CDK6-MLL transcript is provocative with respect to a potential contribution of the predicted Cdk6-MLL fusion protein in the genesis of the ALL, which also contains an in-frame MLL-AF4 transcript. The sequences in these three cases show additional MLL genomic breakpoint heterogeneity. Each breakpoint junction suggests nonhomologous end joining and is consistent with DNA damage and repair. CDK6-MLL is a new fusion of both genes.