gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intestinal cancer progression by mutant p53 through the acquisition of invasiveness associated with complex glandular formation (2017)

Tumor suppressor TP53 is frequently mutated in colorectal cancer (CRC), and most mutations are missense type. Although gain-of-functions by mutant p53 have been demonstrated experimentally, the precise mechanism for malignant progression in in vivo tumors remains unsolved. We generated Apc<sup>Δ716</sup> Trp53<sup>LSL•R270H</sup> villin-CreER compound mice, in which mutant p53<sup>R270H</sup> was expressed in the intestinal epithelia upon tamoxifen treatment, and examined the intestinal tumor phenotypes and tumor-derived organoids. Mutant Trp53<sup>R270H</sup>, but not Trp53-null mutation accelerated submucosal invasion with generation of desmoplastic microenvironment. The nuclear accumulation of p53 was evident in Apc<sup>Δ716</sup> Trp53<sup>R270H/R270H</sup> homozygous tumors like human CRC. Although p53 was distributed to the cytoplasm in Apc<sup>Δ716</sup> Trp53<sup>+/R270H</sup> heterozygous tumors, it accumulated in the nuclei at the invasion front, suggesting a regulation mechanism for p53 localization by the microenvironment. Importantly, mutant p53 induced drastic morphological changes in the tumor organoids to complex glandular structures, which was associated with the acquisition of invasiveness. Consistently, the branching scores of human CRC that carry TP53 mutations at codon 273 significantly increased in comparison with those of TP53 wild-type tumors. Moreover, allografted Apc<sup>Δ716</sup> Trp53<sup>R270H/R270H</sup> organoid tumors showed a malignant histology with an increased number of myofibroblasts in the stroma. These results indicate that nuclear-accumulated mutant p53<sup>R270H</sup> induces malignant progression of intestinal tumors through complex tumor gland formation and acquisition of invasiveness. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analyses revealed global gene upregulation by mutant p53<sup>R270H</sup>, which was associated with the activation of inflammatory and innate immune pathways. Accordingly, it is possible that mutant p53<sup>R270H</sup> induces CRC progression, not only by a cell intrinsic mechanism, but also by the generation or activation of the microenvironment, which may synergistically contribute to the acceleration of submucosal invasion. Therefore, the present study indicates that nuclear-accumulated mutant p53<sup>R270H</sup> is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of advanced CRCs.
수지상세포 유사 모델에서 식물추출물의 PPD에 의한 피부 감작성 완화능 평가 (2009)

The Council of the European Union has banned marketing cosmetics and its ingredients tested on animals since March 2009. Because of this regulation, various alternatives to animal experimentation to test efficacy or toxicity of cosmetics and other products have been developed. Evaluation of the skin sensitization potential is an important part of the safety assessment of new ingredients in cosmetics and drugs to be applied topically. In recent years, various in vitro alternative methods on the basis of DC maturation were postulated to identify the contact sensitizers. Because of availability and abundance, some monocytic leukemia cell lines (KG-1, THP-1, U-937, and MUTZ-3, etc) were proposed as in vitro dendritic cell differentiation models. Especially, the expressions of CD54 and CD86 on the human monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1 are used as indicators for skin sensitization potential after intensive investigation as an in vitro alternative approach for the identification of contact sensitizers. We applied this test method to predict the possibility that Nelumbo nucifera root extract (P7TE) could inhibit paraphenylenediamine (PPD) induced sensitization. While PPD 90 μg/ml induced CD54 expression on THP-1 cells, co-treatment of various concentrations of P7TE and PPD decrease the augmentation of CD54 at the 350 μg/ml of P7TE. We also found similar suppressive effect in Local lymph node assay (LLNA). We suggest that sensitization test method using THP-1 cell could be also applied to screen the substances mitigating allergic contact dermatitis and these substances could be used in cosmetics and quasi drugs.
Warped Textures for UV Mapping Encoding (2001)

This paper introduces an implicit representation of the u; v texture mapping. Instead of using the traditional explicit u; v mapping coordinates, a non-distorted piecewise embedding of the triangular mesh is created, on which the original texture is remapped, yielding warped textures. This creates an effective atlas of the mapped triangles and provides a compact encoding of the texture mapping.
Mutual coupling in phase array (2007)

Phase array systems can be found in military radar, satellite communications, space-time adaptive communications, and MIMO systems. As hardware capabilities increase, it will become feasible to implement MIMO communication systems, which will push further towards the Shannon Channel Capacity. This paper presents a comparison of standard beam formations, active impedance and experimental results using microstrip and dipole antenna arrays. It then discusses plausible correction techniques for a mutual coupling corrective network, scan blindness, higher order models, and optimization techniques for finding the coupling coefficients. The operating frequency was chosen to be 2.425 GHz for applications in Wi-Fi system development.
Detection of<i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>by colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (2013)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the most important pathogens that cause respiratory tract infection in children and adults. In this study, we describe a rapid and sensitive colorimetric loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method to detect M. pneumoniae. The specificity and sensitivity of this assay were detected with 21 common respiratory pathogens and 39 M. pneumoniae DNA. The sensitivity of LAMP was 100% among 39 M. pneumoniae isolates and the specificity was 100% among 9 members of other Mycoplasma and 12 common respiratory pathogens. The lowest detectable limit (LDL) of this assay was 102 copies, which detected by a series of standard M. pneumoniae DNA. To evaluate the clinical applicability of the LAMP assay, a total of 80 clinical samples were examined by conventional PCR, real-time PCR and the LAMP assays, respectively. The positive rates were 15.0%, 32.5% and 26.3%, respectively. This colorimetric LAMP assay demonstrated a high level of sensitivity comparable with that of conventional PCR for the detection of M. pneumoniae. It is a valuable method for simple, cost-effective and rapid detection of M. pneumoniae in the rural areas and basic clinical of China.
<i>MDR1</i> Gene Expression in Brain of Patients with Medically Intractable Epilepsy (1995)

Why some patients with seizures are successfully treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and others prove medically intractable is not known. Inadequate intraparenchymal drug concentration is a possible mechanism of resistance to AEDs. The multiple drug resistance gene (MDR1) encodes P-glycoprotein, an energy-dependent efflux pump that exports planar hydrophobic molecules from the cell. If P-glycoprotein is expressed in brain of some patients with intractable epilepsy and AEDs are exported by P-glycoprotein, lower intraparenchymal drug concentrations could contribute to lack of drug response in such patients. Eleven of 19 brain specimens removed from patients during operation for intractable epilepsy had MDR1 mRNA levels > 10 times greater than those in normal brain, as determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Immunohistochemistry for P-glycoprotein from 14 of the patients showed increased staining in capillary endothelium in samples from epileptic patients as compared with staining in normal brain samples. In epileptic brain specimens with high MDR1 mRNA levels, expression of P-glycoprotein in astrocytes also was identified. Last, steady-state intracellular phenytoin (PHT) concentrations in MDR1 expressing neuroectodermal cells was one fourth that in MDR1-negative cells. MDR1 expression is increased in brain of some patients with medically intractable epilepsy, suggesting that the patients' lack of response to medication may be caused by inadequate accumulation of AED in brain.
Tensorial calibration: II. Second‐order calibration (1988)

Abstract Tensorial calibration provides a useful approach to calibration in general. For calibration of instruments that produce two‐dimensional (second‐order) arrays of data per sample, tensoial concepts are as natural a way of solving the calibration problem as vectorial concepts are for the multivariate problem. Similarly, for third‐ and higher‐order data, the tensorial description of calibration is also useful. This paper introduces second‐order calibration from a tensorial point of view. Univariate, multivariate and bilinear approaches to calibration are presented. The generalized rank annihilation method (GRAM) is described from the tensorial perspective, and it is shown that GRAM is equivalent to finding a second‐order tensorial base that spans both tensors (calibration and unknown) with respective diagonal component matrices. GRAM uses a single calibration sample for multicomponent analysis even in the presence of interference. Second‐order bilinear calibration is extended to multiple calibration samples where the effect of collinearities is reduced.
Antibody against nerve growth factor-inducible large external (NILE) glycoprotein labels nerve fiber tracts in the developing rat nervous system (1985)

The NILE (nerve growth factor-inducible large external) glycoprotein is a 230,000-dalton molecule found on the surface of PC12 cells. Immunologically cross-reactive glycoproteins in the molecular weight range of 215,000 to 230,000 have been found on many types of neurons in culture. Using immunohistochemical methods, we have shown that NILE-related glycoproteins are present in neuronal fiber tracts of the developing rat brain. Antibody against the NILE glycoprotein specifically labels processes that appear identical to those recognized by antibodies against the neurofilament triplet of proteins. These processes are clearly distinct from the radial glial fibers recognized by antibody against the intermediate filament protein vimentin. NILE glycoprotein is not distributed uniformly over the entire neuronal surface but is concentrated on neurites and is much less abundant on cell bodies. NILE-positive fiber tracts are first seen in the spinal cord and rhombencephalon on embryonic day 11 and over the next 2 days appear in the mesencephalon and diencephalon. Staining in the telencephalon is not seen until embryonic day 15. The appearance of NILE immunoreactivity in these various regions closely parallels the appearance of neurofilament polypeptides, suggesting that NILE-related glycoproteins are present during the early phases of fiber tract formation. This idea is supported by the finding that the NILE glycoprotein can be found postnatally in parts of the nervous-system such as the cerebellar cortex and olfactory bulb which undergo major histogenesis during the postnatal period. In the cerebellum the appearance of NILE immunoreactivity in the two major fiber zones, the molecular layer and the white matter, parallels the development of the fiber structure of these layers. These findings support tissue culture studies which suggest a role for the NILE glycoprotein in mediating nerve fiber fasciculation.
Increased Aβ42(43) from cell lines expressing presenilin 1 mutations (1998)

Mutations in the presenilin 1 (PS1) gene on chromosome 14 are a major cause of autosomal dominant, early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Here, we show that transfecting cells with several mutant, but not wild-type, PS1 cDNAs alters the processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) such that more Abeta42(43) is produced, confirming and extending several recent reports. The most effective mutation in this regard was the exon 9 splice-out mutation (delta9). The correlation between the size of the effect on APP processing and the age of onset of disease assessed in families with the mutations was not informative, and the possible reasons for this are discussed.
Incremental iterative time spent based ranking model for online activitybased friend-group recommendation systems (2015)

Online social networks enhance user experience by connecting users with similar interests. Online friend recommendation is a rapid developing field in data mining. Current social networking services prescribe friends to users in light of their social graphs and mutual friends, which may not be the most proper to reflect a user's taste on friend selection in real lifetime. In this paper propose a system that recommends companions based on the daily activities of users. Here a semantic based friend recommendation is done based on the user's life styles such as posting, chatting, searching, commenting etc. By using text mining technique, we display a user's daily life as life archives, from which his/her ways of life are separated by using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm. At that point we discover a similarity metric to quantify the similarity of life styles between users as an incremental way, and ascertain user effect as far as ways of life with a similarity matching diagram. Then calculate user impact ranking iterative matrix vector multiplication strategy in user incrementally, so that it would be versatile to vast scale frameworks. Ranking is mainly based on time spent on activities, profile information and feedback factor. At last, we incorporate a feedback component to further improve the proposal precision.
JPEG-2000: a new still image compression standard (2002)

This paper describes the status and directions of the emerging ISO/IEC JPEG-2000 image compression coding standard. This new work item of the Joint Photographic Expert Group (JPEG) 2000 is intended to create a unified coding standard for different types of still images (bilevel, gray-level, color) with different characteristics (natural, medical, remote sensing, text). The paper presents an overview of the various aspects of JPEG-2000 and highlights new functionalities supported by this emerging standard and its potential applications. Experimental results are shown to illustrate its performance.
MMCM and PLL Dynamic Reconfiguration (2012)

This application note provides a method to dynamically change the clock output frequency, phase shift, and duty cycle of the Xilinx ® 7 series FPGAs mixed-mode clock manager (MMCM). Similarly, the phase-locked loop (PLL) can be changed through the dynamic reconfiguration port (DRP). An explanation of the behavior of the internal DRP control registers is accompanied by a reference design that uses a state machine to drive the DRP, which ensures the registers are controlled in the correct sequence. While the reference design performs the operations for the user, familiarity with the functional operation of the MMCM is recommended. For more information on MMCM and PLL functionality, see UG472: 7 Series FPGA Clocking Resources User Guide. The reference design supports two reconfiguration state addresses and can be extended to support additional states. Each state does a full reconfiguration of the MMCM or PLL so that most parameters can be changed. The design does not support outputs configured with
Review of the environmental behavior and fate of methyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (1997)

Abstract A review of pertinent equations and current research indicates that when gasoline oxygenated with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) comes into contact with water, large amounts of MTBE can dissolve. At 25°C, the water solubility of MTBE is about 5,000 mg/L for a gasoline that is 10% MTBE by weight, whereas for a nonoxygenated gasoline, the total hydrocarbon solubility in water is typically about 120 mg/L. Methyl tert-butyl ether sorbs only weakly to subsurface solids; therefore, sorption does not substantially retard the transport of MTBE by ground water. In addition, MTBE generally resists biodegradation in ground water. The half-life of MTBE in the atmosphere can be as short as 3 d in a regional airshed. In the air, MTBE tends to partition into atmospheric water, including precipitation. However, the washing out of gas-phase MTBE by precipitation will not, by itself, greatly alter the gas-phase concentration of the compound in the air. The partitioning of MTBE to precipitation can nevertheless result in concentrations as high as 3 μg/L or more in urban precipitation and can contribute to the presence of MTBE in surface and ground water.
Cyclooxygenase-2-Derived Prostaglandin E2 Protects Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells from Apoptosis (2007)

Little is known about prostaglandin synthesis and function in embryonic stem cells. We postulated that mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells possess enzymes to synthesize protective prostaglandins. Compared with differentiated adult cells, mES cells were less susceptible to H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis. However, their apoptosis was enhanced by indomethacin or SC-236, a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Analysis of COX pathway enzymes by Western blotting revealed expression of COX-2 and cytosolic and microsomal prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) synthases. COX-1 and prostacyclin (PGI(2)) synthases were undetectable. mES cells produced PGE(2) but not PGI(2). Importantly, PGE(2) rescued mES cells from apoptosis. To elucidate the signaling mechanism by which PGE(2) inhibits apoptosis, we analyzed E-type prostaglandin (EP) receptors by Western blots. All EP isoforms were detected except EP4. Butaprost, a specific EP2 agonist, rescued mES cells from apoptosis, whereas sulprostone, an EP1/EP3 agonist, had no effect, suggesting selective interaction of PGE(2) with EP2. The antiapoptotic effect of PGE(2) was abrogated by Ly-294002 or wortmannin but not H-89 or a specific inhibitor of protein kinase A, suggesting signaling via phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3K). Akt was constitutively active in mES cells, which were inhibited by indomethacin and rescued by PGE(2). The rescuing effect of PGE(2) was abrogated by Ly-294002. These results indicate that mES cells constitutively express COX-2 and PGE synthases and produce PGE(2), which confers resistance to apoptosis via EP2-mediated activation of PI-3K to the Akt pathway. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
A Nonpsychotropic Cannabinoid, HU-211, Has Cerebroprotective Effects After Closed Head Injury in the Rat (1993)

HU-211 is a synthetic, nonpsychotropic cannabinoid, which has been shown to act as a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. The cerebroprotective effects of this compound were assessed in a model of closed head injury in rats. Head trauma (HT) was induced in ether-anesthetized rats by a weight-drop device; recovery was followed up to 48 h. The clinical status of the rats was evaluated at 1, 24, and 48 h after injury, and the extent of edema formation was determined by specific gravity (SG) and water content measurements at 24 or 48 h. The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was investigated using Evans-Blue extravasation at 4 h after HT. HU-211 at a dose of 25 mg/kg in middle-chain triglycerides (MCT) oil was given intraperitoneally immediately and 1, 2, or 3 h after impact, and its effect on the various parameters was studied. The drug was found to be very effective in improving motor function recovery. When the drug was given 1 h after HT, the percent of rats able to perform beam walking task on 8.5- and 5-cm wide beams was increased from 30% and 0% to 79% (p = 0.0172) and 57% (p = 0.0029), respectively. The percent of rats able to balance on a 1.5-cm beam for 20 and 40 sec was also significantly increased, from 9% and 0% to 72% (p = 0.0037) and 50% (p = 0.078), respectively. The drug was also effective in reducing the BBB breakdown by more than four fold, as compared with control (548 +/- 94 versus 128 +/- 19 ng Evans blue/g tissue; p < 0.05) and attenuating cerebral edema. SG was 1.0367 +/- 0.0007 versus 1.0399 +/- 0.0005, and percent water content was 83.06 +/- 0.57 versus 80.78 +/- 0.36 (p < 0.05) in control and HU-211 treated rats, respectively. Similar significant protection was found when the drug was injected 2 h after the injury; however, at 3 h the effect was somewhat less pronounced. We suggest that this novel drug is a potential cerebroprotector in head trauma with a therapeutic window of at least 2 to 3 h.
Hypoxia induces protection against etoposide-induced apoptosis: molecular profiling of changes in gene expression and transcription factor activity (2008)

these results are a clear demonstration that hypoxia has a direct protective effect on apoptotic cell death. Moreover, molecular profiling points to putative pathways responsible for tumor growth in challenging environmental conditions and cancer cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.
Are Lacunar Strokes Really Different? (2005)

Risk factor-free ischemic stroke subtype classification methods should be used for comparing risk factor profiles between lacunar and nonlacunar subtypes.
Purification and Properties of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV from Human Urine (1990)

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) (EC 3.4.14.5) has been purified from normal human urine using immunoaffinity chromatography. The purified enzyme was homogeneous as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The molecular mass of urinary DPP-IV was estimated to be 280 kDa by gel filtration. The Km value for the hydrolysis of (Gly-L-Pro)-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide tosylate was calculated to be 1.25 +/- 0.25 X 10(-4) M; the pH optimum and pI were 8.7 and 6.5, respectively. These properties were the same as those of renal DPP-IV. Both renal and this urinary DPP-IV were inhibited by diisopropylfluorophosphate and activated by phospholipid. From these results we suppose that urinary DPP-IV may be derived from the kidney rather than from the blood
Macrobenthic community at type and age-different artificial reefs located along the Korean coast of the East Sea. (2008)

Two types of artificial reefs, one for simple (S-AR), another for complex artificial reef (C-AR), were installed on a Korean coast of the East Sea (Sea of Japan) where a barren ground was progressive. Compared with macrobenthic organisms at NHB (natural hard bottom) control, AR (artificial reef) enhanced seaweed composition, reducing echinoderm composition, mostly sea urchins, the causative animal of the barren ground. Composition of the two mutually exclusive communities was AR type-specific, the C-AR exerting betterfunction over S-AR by enhancing higher seaweed composition. However this ecosystem-sound composition at C-AR was maintained only within 10 years. Another negative aspect of the AR was an unexpectedly higher composition of tunicates that canbe a sign of nutrient-rich environment in the Korean waters. Overall, CAR was more agreeable when simply based on its function excluding construction cost.
The effects of x-irradiation on hematopoietic stem cell compartments in the mouse. (1991)

The sensitivity for x-irradiation of a series of hematopoietic stem cell populations has been determined. The most primitive cells identified, cells with marrow-repopulating ability (MRA), showed the highest degree of radioresistance. These MRA cells which generate many secondary day-twelve spleen colony-forming units (MRA[CFU-S-12]) or colony-forming units in culture (MRA[CFU-C]) in the marrow of primary recipients had Do values equal to 1.18 and 1.13 Gy, respectively. The more mature CFU-S-12 had intermediate radiosensitivity (Do = 0.94 Gy), whereas the less primitive CFU-S-7 were the most radiosensitive (Do = 0.71 Gy). The in vitro colony-forming precursor cells (CFU-C) showed low radiosensitivity. These data clearly show that the most primitive hematopoietic stem cell measured is less sensitive to ionizing radiation than generally has been assumed on the basis of measurements on CFU-S-7 or CFU-S-12.