gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neural basis of anxiolytic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in generalized social anxiety disorder: a preliminary report (2010)

Animal and human studies indicate that cannabidiol (CBD), a major constituent of cannabis, has anxiolytic properties. However, no study to date has investigated the effects of this compound on human pathological anxiety and its underlying brain mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to investigate this in patients with generalized social anxiety disorder (SAD) using functional neuroimaging. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at rest was measured twice using (99m)Tc-ECD SPECT in 10 treatment-naïve patients with SAD. In the first session, subjects were given an oral dose of CBD (400 mg) or placebo, in a double-blind procedure. In the second session, the same procedure was performed using the drug that had not been administered in the previous session. Within-subject between-condition rCBF comparisons were performed using statistical parametric mapping. Relative to placebo, CBD was associated with significantly decreased subjective anxiety (p < 0.001), reduced ECD uptake in the left parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, and inferior temporal gyrus (p < 0.001, uncorrected), and increased ECD uptake in the right posterior cingulate gyrus (p < 0.001, uncorrected). These results suggest that CBD reduces anxiety in SAD and that this is related to its effects on activity in limbic and paralimbic brain areas.
<title>Environmental monitoring using magnetoelastic sensors</title> (2000)

Magnetoelastic thin film sensors can be considered the magnetic analog of surface acoustic wave sensors, with the characteristic resonant frequency of the magnetoeleastic sensor changing in response to different environmental parameters. We report on the application of the magnetoeleastic sensors for remote query measurement of pressure, temperature, liquid viscosity and, in combination with a glucose- responding mass-changing polymer, glucose concentrations. The advantage of using magnetoelastic sensors is that no physical connections, such as wires or cables are required to obtain sensor information allowing the sensor to be monitored from inside sealed containers. Furthermore since it is the frequency response of the sensor that is monitored, rather than the amplitude, the relative orientation of the sensor with respect to the query field is unimportant.
Effect of oral ZnDTPA on late effects of injected plutonium in rat (1999)

In rat, protracted oral administration of ZnDTPA reduced the incidence of osteosarcomas after injection of 239Pu, even if treatment started with a delay of 1 month. In the latter case, however, more soft tissue damage was found than after treatment beginning at 4 days post-239Pu. An increased incidence of diffuse glomerulosclerosis was observed as a side effect of oral ZnDTPA only when given continuously, alone and in high amounts.
Measurement of activity of urea resistant neutrophil alkaline phosphatase as an antenatal screening test for Down's syndrome. (1990)

Activity of urea resistant neutrophil alkaline phosphatase is an effective maternal blood marker for Down's syndrome. Its use in antenatal screening could lead to a substantial improvement in the detection of this disorder. Before introducing the test into routine medical practice it will have to be automated so that it can be used on a large scale and is less subjective.
The superplastic state in A7475 alloy related to the structure and mechanical propierties (2002)

The superplastic deformation process is interesting not only from the scientific point of view but also because of benefits it offers when applied in industry. The generation of superplastic structures in aluminium alloys of the 7XXX type depends on the formation of precipitates in suitable amount, size and dispersion which may be obtained by thermomechanical treatment. The A7475 alloy was continuously cast, extruded and thermomechanically treated. The investigations on creating precipitates and microstructure of the AlZnCuMgCr alloy were performed using optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray phase analysis. The morphology of the alloy after a full thermomechanical treatment showed fine, equiaxial average grain about 12 μm in size. The strain rate sensitivity coefficient m determined from tensile tests was estimated between 0.56-0.70. About 495 pct elongation was obtained in a tension test at the flow stress of 3 MPa, strain rate 8 × 10 -3 s -1 and temperature 790 K. It demonstrates that material of good superplastic properties was elaborated.
Interferons Increase Transcription of a Major Histocompatibility Class I Gene Via a 5′ Interferon Consensus Sequence (1987)

Interferons (IFNs) augment expression of major histocompatibility class I genes in many cells. To study the effect of IFNs on transcription of class I genes, we prepared and tested activity of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) hybrid genes in which the cat gene is under the control of the 5' flanking region of the murine H-2Ld gene. NIH 3T3 cells transiently transfected with a cat construct having the sequence from position -210 to -134 showed a four- to fivefold increase in CAT activity when treated with IFN-alpha/beta. This sequence contains the IFN consensus sequence (ICS) shared among IFN-inducible genes, as well as the class I regulatory element (CRE) that controls up and down regulation of class I gene expression. To determine the precise sequence requirement for the IFN action, the ICS and CRE were independently placed upstream of the class I or a heterologous simian virus 40 promoter, and CAT activity was tested. The ICS, but not the CRE, enhanced activity of both promoters by about twofold upon exposure to IFN-alpha/beta, although greater responses were noted when the ICS and CRE were combined. These results demonstrate that the ICS alone is capable of enhancing promoter activity in response to IFN-alpha/beta treatment and that the CRE exerts a synergistic effect. Further, we show that the ICS functions as an inducible enhancer since it acts regardless of its orientation and distance in the simian virus 40 promoter.
Environmental Dioxins and Endometriosis (2002)

Endometriosis is a common gynecologic problem of unknown etiology. Estrogen dependence and immune modulation are established features of this disease and recently environmental contaminants have been suggested to play a role in the pathobiology of endometriosis as well. Previous work in nonhuman primates has shown that exposure to the dioxin 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is associated with an increased prevalence and severity of endometriosis. Further animal experiments have implicated dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in this disease. Rodent studies support the plausibility for a role of environmental contaminants in the pathophysiology of endometriosis although a convincing mechanistic hypothesis has yet to be advanced. Small hospital-based case-control studies have failed to provide compelling evidence for or against an association of environmental contaminants and endometriosis. Herein we review the available literature that provides evidence that dioxin and dioxin-like compounds are potent modulators of immune and endocrine function critical to the pathobiology of endometriosis. Furthermore, perspectives on the potential mechanism(s) of dioxin and dioxin-like compound-induced toxicity in endometriosis, important knowledge needs, potential animal models for endometriosis studies, and considerations integral to future human case-control studies are discussed.
Radiolabeled Antibodies for Therapy of Brain Tumors (2001)

The concept of antibody (Ab)-mediated targeting of therapeutic moieties to tumors was originally introduced by Ehrlich (1) in 1906. However, it was not until the work of Bale and Spar (2,3),Day et al. (4), and Pressman et al. (5) in animal models that techniques for delivery and monitoring of Abs to tissues in vivo were established. As reviewed elsewhere (6), the original animal model paired label studies—with 125I-labeled polyclonal antisera to rat lymphosarcoma tissue vs 131I-labeled irrelevant immunoglobulin G (IgG)—established that specific tumor targeting was achievable following systemic intravenous administration of targeting Abs (4). Such feasibility studies led to early clinical trials of radiolabeled polyclonal Abs in human glioma patients. In a study of 131I-labeled antifibrinogen (FIB) Abs administered to patients with intracranial tumors, approx 80% of the tumors, both primary and metastatic, exhibited Ab localization as detected by immunoscintigraphy (7). Because of the nonspecificity of the target antigen (Ag), as well as the heterogeneous distribution of FIB in tumors, the utility of targeting FIB for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes was concluded to be low. In a series of studies (8–10), Day and Mahaley demonstrated the successful localization of immunoabsorbent-purified 131I-labeled antihuman glioblastoma polyclonal rabbit Ig in 11/12 human glioma patients. Localization was demonstrated by presurgical radioscintigraphy, and autoradiography and tissue y counting of surgically removed tissue. Although these studies conclusively demonstrated the localization of tumor-reactive Abs at levels sufficient for scanning purposes, the absolute dose localized to tumor was not sufficient for the delivery of therapeutic levels of radioactivity.
Copper(II) ion-exchanged ZSM-5 zeolites as highly active catalysts for direct and continuous decomposition of nitrogen monoxide (1986)

ZSM-5 zeolites containing Cu2+ ions showed unusually high and steady state activity for the catalytic decomposition of nitrogen monoxide; for example, the degrees of conversions of NO, and of conversion into N2 and O2 were 97, 85, and 70%, respectively, at 823 K with a contact time of 10.0 g s cm–3 over 73% exchanged Cu-ZSM-5.
Studies on the Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (1992)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), rapidly becoming recognized as a mediator of inflammation, may be important in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Its role in the development of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in humans, however, has been difficult to clarify. To determine if TNF could be important early in the development of acute lung injury from multiple causes, we enrolled 103 patients within 8 h of meeting the criteria for an at-risk illness (sepsis, aspiration of gastric contents, severe pancreatitis, hypertransfusion, abdominal trauma, chest trauma, multiple fractures) and obtained multiple frequent blood samples for TNF measurements. Using five methods of TNF analysis, we were unable to find an association between TNF and the development of ARDS. However, we found significant differences in TNF measurements depending on the methods of analysis used, which could, at least in part, account for the inconsistencies in the published literature regarding the relationship between TNF and disease processes.
Mobile advertising adoption by multinationals (2005)

Purpose Although the wireless internet attracts more and more interest from marketers and researchers, there is little empirical evidence of multinational corporations’ (MNCs) adoption of push‐type mobile advertising in global markets. The aim of this study is to fill this research gap, by conducting an empirical survey of the perceptions of MNCs operating in Europe regarding SMS‐based mobile advertising adoption. Design/methodology/approach The study proposes six basic constructs which are thought to influence MNCs’ decision‐making process on mobile advertising adoption. On this base, a structured questionnaire is developed. The data are obtained by telephone interviews from 53 senior executives of MNCs’ subsidiaries in Spain. Findings Hierarchical regression analysis reveals that branding strategy, facilitating conditions, and security and costs are the strongest determinants of MNCs’ mobile advertising adoption. Furthermore, discriminant analysis indicates that Japanese, American, and European firms are statistically classifiable according to their cultural affiliation in terms of their perceptions of mobile advertising adoption. Japanese firms are the least willing to use mobile advertising, while their American counterparts are the most motivated in this regard. Originality/value While SMS‐based mobile marketing has been receiving an increasing attention from both academics and practitioners, there exists little empirical research on this area. In this vein, this study contributes to the literature in two ways. First, the study proposes a conceptual research model based on six basic constructs, which incorporate both theoretical and practical perspectives. Second, the model is tested by empirical data obtained from top managers of MNCs’ subsidiaries operating in a European market. The findings of this study thus offer useful insights based on their “hands‐on” experience.
The Biologic Significance of Rare Peripheral Blasts After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Is Predicted by Multidimensional Flow Cytometry (1999)

A vexing problem after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for leukemia is assessing the biologic significance of low numbers of cells "suspicious" for relapse seen in morphologic review of peripheral blood smears (PBSs). In 27 patients, in apparent hematologic remission after HCT for leukemia, we studied the nature of such cells in PBSs to the endpoint of leukemic relapse by using multidimensional flow cytometry (MDF) on blood or bone marrow aspirates. Based on abnormal cytometric maturational patterns, +/- cell sorting of blasts with fluorescence in situ hybridization with informative markers, we differentiated benign recovering myeloid and lymphoid precursors from leukemic cells. In 17 patients, blasts were characterized by MDF as normal early hematopoietic precursors, lymphoblasts, or NK cells. Of these patients, 16 remained in remission for at least 42 days. In 10 patients, blasts were characterized by MDF as a malignant immunophenotype; 9 relapsed within 10 days and 1 relapsed 280 days after a graft-vs-leukemia effect. MDF status was strongly associated with a 90 x probability of relapse even after adjusting for other potential variables. Morphologic triggered MDF characterization of peripheral blasts is a powerful and rapid tool for distinguishing immature regenerative forms from early leukemic relapse.
Localized Electrochemical Deposition of Copper Microstructures (2000)

This work demonstrates the electrodeposition of micrometer‐scale copper structures using a simple instrument based on the scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM). Copper columns of 25 μm width up to about 2 mm high were deposited on different substrates and interconnects were grown within an integrated circuit package. In the present instrument electrodeposition is localized by applying a voltage between a closely spaced glass insulated Pt disk ultramicroelectrode, ca. 25 μm diam, and a substrate, all immersed in a solution of acidified . The potential, the concentration of the , and the presence of organic additives were all found to affect the microstructure of the deposits and control the efficiency of the deposition. To demonstrate some of the possible applications of this technique, copper lines were grown between pads in an integrated circuit package and an antenna about 2 cm long was grown on a millimeter wave transmission line cantilever. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Iteration abstraction in Sather (1996)

Sather extends the notion of an iterator in a powerful new way. We argue that iteration abstractions belong in class interfaces on an equal footing with routines. Sather iterators were derived from CLU iterators but are much more flexible and better suited for object-oriented programming. We retain the property that iterators are structured , i.e., strictly bound to a controlling structured statement. We motivate and describe the construct along with several simple examples. We compare it with iteration based on CLU iterators, cursors, riders, streams, series, generators, coroutines, blocks, closures, and lambda expressions. Finally, we describe experiences with iterators in the Sather compiler and libraries.
Principles of Yacht Design (1994)

Design considerations the yacht's specifications hull geometry including lines plans and computer aided design stability in waves hull design keel and rudder design sail and rig design the balance of the yacht selecting the correct propellor and engine hull construction considerations rig calculations cockpit, deck and cabin layout weight calculations design evaluation and tank testing
A Friedländer Approach to 3-Substituted 2,5,8-(1H)-Quinolinetriones (1993)

htu2 An efficient method is proposed for the preparation of 3-substituted carbos@rilquinone derivatives, based on Friedlander synthesis of the 5,8- dialkoxyquinolines followed by cerium ammonium nitrate oxidative demethylation.Derivatives of 2.5.8-(1H)-quinolinemone("carbostyrilquinone") have been used as dienophiles in an hetero Diels-Alder approach to analogues of the antibiotic Diazaquinomycin A,' an inhibitor of thymidilate synthase that shows great promise as a new lead compound in the field of antitumor agents.'b.2.3The main limitation in this strategy lies in the scarcity of literature references to the preparation of carbostyrilquinones~ in spite of recent eff~rts.~Indeed,some derivatives of this system, such as 3-substituted carbostyrilquinones, are unknown.In this paper we report an efficient synthesis of carbostyrilquinones bearing electron-withdrawing groups at C3, based on the use of the Friedlander quinoline ~~n t h e s i s , ~. ~, a reaction that continues to attract the attention of synthetic chemist^.^,^Its main drawback, namely the tendency to self-condensation and hence the low stability of o-aminobenzaldehydes required as starting materials, was not an unsurmountable difficulty in our case.Thus, 2-amino-3,6-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde (1).a suitable starting compound for our proposed synthesis, could be obtained from the corresponding nitro 1388 HETEROCYCLES.Vol.36, No. 6,1993 by catalytic hydrogenation over Pd-C (78 % yield), or, alternatively, by means of Heck's uiethylammonium formate/Pd-C reagent (58 % yield).'1Treatment of 1 with several acetates bearing electron-withdrawing substituents in the a position in a refluxing mixture of ethanol and piperidine for 15min to 10 h afforded the desired 3-substituted 5.8-dimethoxy-2-(1H)-quinolinones (2a-Zd) in good yields, generally as colored (yellow to orange) crystalline solids that precipitated from the reaction medium (Scheme 1).In contrast, an attempted reaction with ethyl 2-phenylacetate gave a poor yield ( 17%, after 24 h) of an impure product that could not be properly characterized.C2H5 86 b CN C2H5 80 c NO2 C2H5 78 d C02H H 73 Reagents and conditions: i. Hz, 10% Pd-C, 35 psi, room temperature, 6 h u.HCQ-( C ~H ~) ~N H + , 10 % Pd-C.DMF, 140 "C, 6 h iii.Piperidine, CzH50H.LOO to 180 T, 15 min to 10 h Scheme 1Compound (Ze, R = COCH3), however, was obtained in only moderate yields, as a consequence of the low cbemoselectivity of the reaction between 1 and ethyl acetoacetate, even under conditions that have been described to promote formation of 2-quinolimones,L2 leading to formation of the quinoline derivative(3) in 29 % yield, together with the expected Ze (42 %).In order to improve this result, the P-0x0 ester was replaced by 2,2,6-~imeth~l-4~-1,3-dioxin-4-one,'~ an alternative acetoacetylating reagent, affording 2e in 72 % yield (Scheme 2).It is worth mentioning that reaction between 1 and malonic acid gave, together with the expected quinolinone (2d), varying amounts (6 % in the optimized reaction) of compound (4), depending on
Practical Shading of Height Fields and Meshes using Spherical Harmonic Exponentiation (2015)

Interactively computing smooth shading effects from environmental lighting, such as soft shadows and glossy reflections, is a challenge in scenes with dynamic objects. We present a method to efficiently approximate these effects in scenes comprising animating objects and dynamic height fields, additionally allowing interactive manipulation of view and lighting. Our method extends spherical harmonic (SH) exponentiation approaches to support environmental shadowing from both dynamic blockers and dynamic height field geometry. We also derive analytic expressions for the view-evaluated BRDF, directly in the log-SH space, in order to support diffuse-to-glossy shadowed reflections while avoiding expensive basis-space product operations. We illustrate interactive rendering results using a hybrid, multi-resolution screen- and object-space visibility-marching algorithm that decouples geometric complexity from shading complexity.
Using the T-Matrix Method for Light Scattering Computations by Non-axisymmetric Particles: Superellipsoids and Realistically Shaped Particles (2002)

Light scattering by non-axisymmetric particles is commonly needed in particle characterization and other fields. After much work devoted to volume discretization methods to compute scattering by such particles, there is renewed interest in the T-matrix method. We extended the null-field method with discrete sources for T-matrix computation and implemented the superellipsoid shape using an implicit equation. Additionally, a triangular surface patch model of a realistically shaped particle can be used for scattering computations. In this paper some exemplary results of scattering by non-axisymmetric particles are presented.
Block LU factorization (1992)

. Many of the currently popular &quot;block algorithms&quot; are scalar algorithms in which the operations have been grouped and reordered into matrix operations. One genuine block algorithm in practical use is block LU factorization, and this has recently been shown by Demmel and Higham to be unstable in general. It is shown here that block LU factorization is stable if A is block diagonally dominant by columns. Moreover, for a general matrix the level of instability in block LU factorization can be bounded in terms of the condition number (A) and the growth factor for Gaussian elimination without pivoting. A consequence is that block LU factorization is stable for a matrix A that is symmetric positive definite or point diagonally dominant by rows or columns as long as A is well-conditioned. Key words: block algorithm, LAPACK, level 3 BLAS, iterative refinement, LU factorization, backward error analysis, block diagonal dominance. AMS(MOS) subject classifications. primary 65F05, 65F25, 65G05. 1...
High Effic iency Reciprocating Compressors (1976)

A 0.52 cu.in.single main bearing, reciprocating refrigerator freezer compressor utilizing a unique unitary connecting rod wrist pin and a unique notched piston and cylinder was designed, built and tested.The compressor developed 1067 Btu/hr with an EER of 4.78 at the standard test point.
2-D mesh-based tracking of deformable objects with occlusion (2002)

Many interactive video and multimedia applications, such as interactive TV, augmented reality and bit stream editing, demand object-based video modeling. These applications require accurate tracking of the boundary, local motion and intensity variations of each object. This paper proposes a new approach to track deformable objects in video sequences, which combines deformable contours and 2-D mesh models while addressing partial occlusion, including self-occlusion. Experimental results demonstrate successful tracking of objects with deformable boundaries in the presence of self-occlusion.
Microbial Degradation of<i>cis</i>-1, 4-Polyisoprene (1979)

An organism isolated from soil grew well on isoprene oligomers and degraded 60 percent of a sample of synthetic cis-1,4-polyisoprene (Mn=940) in 4 days. The organism hardly degraded synthetic polyisoprene with higher average molecular weight of 2,500. From gel permeation chromatography, oligomers with molecular weight as high as 1,000 were shown to be attacked. The residual substrate after degradation was shown by infrared spectroscopy to have a relatively higher amount of 3,4-structure than the original. From these results, it was supposed that 3,4-linkages in synthetic polymers prevent biodegradation of higher oligomers.