gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kink Effect in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs Induced by Drain and Gate Pumping (2011)

Kink effects are studied in conventional AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors by measuring their current-voltage characteristics with various bias sweeping conditions at drain and gate terminals. It is found that the kink effect is induced by drain and gate pumping. The magnitude of kink is directly related to the maximum drain voltage and current levels during on-state operation. The hot electrons in the 2-D electron gas channel generated under high drain bias could be injected into the adjacent epitaxial buffer layer where they can be captured by donor-like traps. Hot electron trapping and the subsequent field-assisted de-trapping is suggested to be the dominant mechanism of kink generation in the studied device. The extracted activation energy of the traps accounting for the kink effect is 589 ± 67 meV from temperature-dependent transient measurement, and is close to the energy of the E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> trap widely reported in GaN layers.
Envelope glycoproteins of hantavirus can mediate cell-cell fusion independently. (2007)

Hantaviruses (HTVs) are enveloped viruses and can induce low PH-dependent cell fusion. In this report we molecularly cloned viral glycoproteins (GPs) cDNA and nucleocapsid (NP) cDNA of two strains of Hantaan virus and one strain of Seoul virus and expressed in Vero E6 cells under control of a CMV promoter. The examinations of viral gene expressions were carried out by IFA and immune-precipitation. After treatment with low PH (PH 5.8) medium the syncytium were observed in the cells transfected with the GPs clones while in the cells transfected with the NP clones we did not find this phenomenon. Furthermore cotransfection of the NP and GPs did not enhance fusion activity. Treatment with anti-GP monoclonal antibodies could inhibit fusion activity whereas the antibodies against NP could not. These results indicated that GPs can mediate cell-cell fusion independently.
Text to image generative model using constrained embedding space mapping (2017)

We present a conditional generative method that maps low-dimensional embeddings of image and natural language to a common latent space hence extracting semantic relationships between them. The embedding specific to a modality is first extracted and subsequently a constrained optimization procedure is performed to project the two embedding spaces to a common manifold. Based on this, we present a method to learn the conditional probability distribution of the two embedding spaces; first, by mapping them to a shared latent space and generating back the individual embeddings from this common space. However, in order to enable independent conditional inference for separately extracting the corresponding embeddings from the common latent space representation, we deploy a proxy variable trick - wherein, the single shared latent space is replaced by two separate latent spaces. We design an objective function, such that, during training we can force these separate spaces to lie close to each other, by minimizing the Euclidean distance between their distribution functions. Experimental results demonstrate that the learned joint model can generalize to learning concepts of double MNIST digits with additional attributes of colors, thereby enabling the generation of specific colored images from the respective text data.
Decisiones e innovación: casos de empresas del Parque Científico Tecnológico de la UNICEN (2010)

Se trata de una indagacion de tipo exploratorio donde se intenta describir la relacion existente entre la forma en que se toman las decisiones en un grupo compuesto por ocho empresas intensivas en uso de tecnologia y su relacion con el grado innovativo que presentan las mismas, especificamente de los sectores de electronica y software radicadas en el Parque Cientifico Tecnologico de la UNICEN (Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires).Para el analisis del nivel innovativo de las firmas se utiliza el Indice de Innovacion Tecnologica que resulta de investigaciones anteriores (Camio, Rebori y Romero, 2008). Al momento de describir los aspectos de la toma de decisiones vinculados con la innovacion se analiza el nivel de participacion de los individuos en la toma de decisiones estrategicas y operativas, las fuentes internas y externas de informacion utilizada y los objetivos estrategicos prioritarios.
Rheology and Microstructure of Polymer/Asphalt Blends (1991)

Abstract This work demonstrates the effectiveness of polymers in improving, especially, the high temperature properties of asphalt. The appropriate choice of asphalt, asphalt-grade, polymer type, polymer concentration, and the method of mixing determine if a network-like structure is formed. This morphology significantly improves the creep performance of the binder at elevated temperatures, i.e. , the binder has the ability to store deformation energy with subsequent recoil. This is contrary to Newtonian fluids which transform the energy into viscous flow (no recoil). Within the context of dynamic mechanical measurements, the presence of a polymeric network is manifested through the appearance of a plateau modulus. In the case of binders containing block copolymers, we have repeatedly observed that such property improvement in the high-temperature range is generally accompanied by a reduction of the glassy modulus at the low-temperature range as well. It should be noted that by modifying low-viscosity asphalts ( i.e. , low AC-grades) with polymers, binders can be obtained which exhibit significantly lower moduli at low temperatures and higher moduli at elevated temperatures. This suggests that although using a high AC-grade asphalt may yield satisfactory results at a particular temperature (high temperature), one may instead optimize binders over the entire temperature range (high and low) by starting with a low AC-grade and adding polymer. These results indicate that careful Theological measurements can be a powerful tool in the characterization and design of viscoelastic blends.
Utilizing a Computational Model for the Design of a Passive Dynamic Walker (2011)

Recent interest in using passive dynamic walkers (PDWs) for gait rehabilitation studies has presented a need for a robust, easily built mechanism. Unfortunately, these passive robots are hypersensitive to many variables outside of the usual design considerations that are studied when constructing them. By accentuating previous failures instead of suppressing them, this thesis presents a number of problematic situations commonly experienced when testing and tuning a PDW.\nFurther, through a complete design of a 4-legged PDW with knees, simple design axioms brought about by myself and others are put into a practical context and applied directly to design. This thesis aspires to present a systematic design process, and highlight how a computational model can be used with both hand calculations and CAD packages. Using the insight from those researchers before me, I strive to further their designs and present relevant information in a design compendium that makes it more useful to those who have an application for the device.\nThis thesis resulted in two novel designs for a PDW. First, a changing radius foot was developed to increase knee flexion upon toe off. The decrease in radius increases joint angular velocity resulting in ramp up. Further investigation of these feet could result\nin more stable and efficient walking patterns. The other design brought to attention is the planar crossbar mechanism for coupling the inner and outer legs. The crossbar provides a rigid coupling without changing the rotational inertia between the coupled pair about the hip axis.
Ultrasound of malignant cervical lymph nodes (2008)

Malignant lymph nodes in the neck include metastases and lymphoma. Cervical nodal metastases are common in patients with head and neck cancers, and their assessment is important as it affects treatment planning and prognosis. Neck nodes are also a common site of lymphomatous involvement and an accurate diagnosis is essential as its treatment differs from other causes of neck lymphadenopathy. On ultrasound, grey scale sonography helps to evaluate nodal morphology, whilst power Doppler sonography is used to assess the vascular pattern. Grey scale sonographic features that help to identify metastatic and lymphomatous lymph nodes include size, shape and internal architecture (loss of hilar architecture, presence of intranodal necrosis and calcification). Soft tissue oedema and nodal matting are additional grey scale features seen in tuberculous nodes or in nodes that have been previously irradiated. Power Doppler sonography evaluates the vascular pattern of nodes and helps to identify the malignant nodes. In addition, serial monitoring of nodal size and vascularity are useful features in the assessment of treatment response.
Jack Human Modelling Tool: A Review (2010)

When evaluating the design of a workstation human factors practitioners have traditionally used a number of different approaches to assess the design, including two-dimensional drafting mannequins and physical mock ups. In the late 1960s, human modelling software became available, and aerospace and automotive manufacturers saw the potential for much of the design process to take place in a virtual environment. Modern human modelling tools include Jack and
Oration on Harvey's “Exercises on Generation.” (1872)

PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS,-This day serves to recall an event which, two hundred a1id fifteen years ago, must have been the occasion of much sorrow to the Fellows of outr College then assembled.On the 26th of June, in I657, Harvey was carried to his grave, a long train of his friends and colleagues following far beyond the city walls.But of Harvey dead it is not my purpose further to speak.Rather let us regard him as living still among us, in the records of his works, in the memory of the benefits which he conferred upon this College, and in the bright example of his character and mind.On any occasion on which the countrymen of Harvey meet, with the object of carrying out his expressed wish, that annually an oration should be delivered, no difficulty need be felt on the part of him who is appointed to that duty in finding a subject suitable to the purpose.And although, in ac- cordance with custom, such address need have no reference to the founder, further than with a view of recalling his desire to mind, that the orator should " exhort the menibers of the College to study and search out the secrets of Nature by way of experiment", yet, should the speaker find in Harvey's works matter which may have been se- lected by himself for particular study and investigation, he would naturally take that subject as furnishing him with the best material.It is on this ground, therefore, that I have taken the subject of GCeneration, as exemplified in the celebrated Exercises of Harvey, which, although constituting by no means the more important of his two great works,
A temperature insensitive quartz microbalance (2002)

Dual mode excitation of the fundamental mode and third overtone c-modes of an resonator allows highly accurate temperature sensing over wide temperature ranges. SC-cut resonators are also thermal transient compensated. These unique properties allowed the development of a temperature compensated microbalance which is highly sensitive to mass changes, which can be used in rapidly changing thermal environments, over wide temperature ranges, and which requires no temperature control. To demonstrate the performance of this microbalance, SC-cut resonators were coated with thin polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) photoresist films and then placed into a UV-ozone cleaning chamber which was initially at about 20/spl deg/C. When the UV lamp was turned on, the UV-ozone removed PMMA from the surfaces while the chamber temperature rose to about 60/spl deg/C. The frequency changes due to mass changes could be accurately determined, independently of the frequency changes due to temperature changes.
The design and implementation of learning path management module of online education system (2015)

With Curriculum Center System in Eastern Liaoning University as the example, the author analyzes the curriculum relationship of preset learning path module, the establishment of database table, learning path preset and modification and other technologies in online education system, describes in detail the preset frameworks of serial, parallel and blended learning paths, and explores the system's functional test in an attempt to propose some suggestions for improvement. The established online education system is equipped with the functions of presetting and modifying learning paths and is able to monitor the learning state of the learners to facilitate teaching management.
Roughness evolution of optical materials induced by ion-beam milling (1992)

Ion beam milling is an emerging advanced optical fabrication technology capable of deterministic figuring of optical surfaces. Much of the work in ion milling to data has emphasized figuring of glass-like materials, such as fused silica, which do not significantly roughen during ion milling. However, for ion milling to reach its full potential as an advanced optical fabrication technique it must be applicable to a broad range of materials to interest in optical fabrication including polycrystalline metals, semiconductors, and ceramics. In order to assess the feasibility of ion milling, the effect of ion dose on roughness evolution was investigated for a variety of materials including: silicon, germanium, sapphire, silicon carbide, fused silica, aluminum, and copper. Single crystal silicon, germanium and sapphire as well as polycrystalline CVD silicon carbide did not significantly roughen during ion milling. The roughness evolution of aluminum, copper and gold thin films were also studied; fine grained gold films were found to remain smooth during ion milling.
Hamartin, the product of the tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1) gene, interacts with tuberin and appears to be localized to cytoplasmic vesicles. (1998)

Tuberous sclerosis is an inherited syndrome associated with mutations in two tumor suppressor genes: TSC1 and TSC2. Tuberin, the product of TSC2, appears to be localized to the Golgi apparatus and may have a function in vesicular transport. The function of hamartin, the product of TSC1, is not known. In this report, we demonstrate an interaction between hamartin and tuberin, which is detectable at endogenous protein levels. Hamartin is present in a cell line derived from the Eker rat that lacks functional tuberin, indicating that the stability of hamartin is not dependent on its interaction with tuberin. Hamartin is localized to the membrane/particulate (P100) fraction of cultured cells. The P100 localization is unchanged in the Eker cells. Finally, we show that at endogenous expression levels, hamartin has a punctate pattern of immunofluorescence in the cytoplasm. Taken together, the presence of hamartin in the membrane/particulate fraction and its pattern of cytoplasmic staining suggest that it is localized to cytoplasmic vesicles. If altered vesicular trafficking leads to tumorigenesis in tuberous sclerosis, TSC1 and TSC2 may have a novel mechanism of tumor suppression.
In Vivo Suppression of the Immune Response to Alloantigen by Cholera Enterotoxin (1973)

The immune response of C57BL/6 mice to allogeneic (DBA/2) mastocytoma cell suspensions was profoundly suppressed by intraperitoneal administration of 1 mug cholera enterotoxin 4 days after antigenic stimulation. The immune response assayed 11 days after antigen showed decreased cytolytically active thymusderived (T) lymphocytes and markedly depressed serumagglutinating titers. A comparable suppression of the immune response to skin allografts (DBA/2-->C57BL/6) was also effected by cholera toxin administration, although there was no prolongation of allograft survival. The mechanism of the immune suppression is apparently related to the known adenylate cyclase stimulatory activities of choleragen.
influencia del sistema de transporte sobre los procesos de desarrollo económico y la estructura de un espacio (1970)

La influencia del sistema de transporte sobre los procesos de desarrollo económico y la estructura de un espacio
Effective Rhodium Utilization in Automotive Exhaust Catalysts (1986)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">On vehicles equipped with fuel shut-off, the rhodium in conventional TWC catalyst tends to strongly interact with the washcoat components during the high temperature lean excursions seen during deceleration. Studies were conducted to elucidate the conditions under which rhodium interacts with the alumina washcoat support and the rare earth components used in some of the new “High Tech” catalyst compositions. Technology was developed which decreased the rhodium interaction with these washcoat components which permits the catalyst to operate under a much broader set of engine control conditions.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Laboratory hydrothermal and engine dynamometer aging studies were used to demonstrate the feasibility of lowering precious metal usage and especially rhodium content of TWC catalysts without sacrificing “High Tech” performance. It is anticipated that this technology will result in lower rhodium TWC catalysts and provide durable catalysts for engine control strategies featuring fuel shut-off or lean A/F ratio calibraiton.</div>
The metasomatic replacement of limestones by alkaline, fluoride-bearing solutions (1961)

A laboratory study of the kinetics of limestone replacement by alkaline, fluoride-bearing solutions is presented. Data on the effects of temperature, concentration (fluoride ion and cations), pH, calcite surface area, and flow rates on fluoride ion, Sr (super +2) , Ce (super +3) , and U (VI) removal are included. These data are discussed in relation to field occurrences of fluorite replacement deposits.
Low rank approximation methods for MR fingerprinting with large scale dictionaries (2017)

The proposed compressed MRF with randomized singular value decomposition and dictionary fitting methods are memory efficient low rank approximation methods, which can benefit the usage of MRF in clinical settings. They also have great potentials in large scale MRF problems, such as problems considering multi-component MRF parameters or high resolution in the parameter space. Magn Reson Med 79:2392-2400, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Two regions of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat regulate the activity of its promoter in mammary cell lines. (1991)

In vivo expression of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is restricted to a few organs, with the highest rate of transcription found in the mammary gland. Using a series of mammary and nonmammary murine cell lines, we have identified two regulatory elements, located upstream of the hormone responsive element, that specifically regulate the MMTV promoter. The first element displays an enhancerlike activity and is coincident with the binding of a nuclear factor (designated MP4; position -1078 to -1052 in the long terminal repeat) whose presence is apparently restricted to mammary cell lines. The second regulatory region mediates a repressive activity and is mapped to the long terminal repeat segment from -415 to -483. This repression is specific for a particular subtype of mammary cells (RAC cells) able to grow under two differentiation states (A. Sonnenberg, H. Daams, J. Calafat, and J. Hilgers, Cancer Res. 46:5913-5922, 1986). The MMTV promoter in mammary cell lines thus appears to be modulated by two cis-acting elements that are likely to be involved in tissue-specific expression in vivo.
Characterization of intestinal smooth muscle responses and binding sites for endothelin (1992)

The contractile activity of and binding sites for endothelin-1 (ET-1) were investigated in isolated guinea-pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle (GPILM). ET-1 produced concentration-dependent contractions of GPILM that either slowly subsided in the continued presence of ET-1 or rapidly subsided following washing of the tissue. The ED50 value for ET-1 contractions was 4.2 +/- 1.3 x 10(-9) M. The removal of extracellular calcium or pretreatment with nifedipine produced a complete inhibition of the contractions to ET-1. The IC50 value of nifedipine for inhibition of ET-1 mediated contractions was 3.0 +/- 0.8 x 10(-8) M. ET-1 produced a marked prolonged homologous desensitization of its contractile response but did not affect the responses mediated by carbachol, histamine, serotonin, substance P, and PLA2. High-affinity binding sites for 125I-labelled ET-1 were identified on microsomal membranes prepared from GPILM with Kd and Bmax values obtained by Scatchard analysis of 3.5 +/- 0.6 x 10(-10) M and 2138 +/- 159 fmol/mg protein, respectively. The binding of 125I-labelled ET-1 to GPILM microsomes was characterized by a rapid association (kob value of 0.077 min-1 at a radioligand concentration of 0.45 nM and an extremely slow dissociation (k1 value of 0.011 min-1; t1/2 value of 793 min). The binding was unaffected by the calcium channel antagonists nifedipine, verapamil, and diltiazem (10(-6) M); the receptor antagonists phenoxybenzamine, atropine, and naloxone (10(-6) M) and propranolol; and the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor antagonists Ro 5-4864 and PK 11195 and psychotomimetic drug phencyclidine (10(-5) M).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[Use of myelopid in the complex treatment of patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis]. (1990)

A complex immunotherapy regimen containing myelopid in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs was prescribed for 30 patients aged from 17 to 54 years and suffering from destructive pulmonary tuberculosis. It was proved that a complex treatment favored the normalization of the main immunologic indices, thus greatly increasing the efficacy of pulmonary tuberculosis patient management.