gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chromatographic and mass spectral analysis of cucurbitacins of three Cucumis sativus cultivars (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromatographic and mass spectral analysis of cucurbitacins of three Cucumis sativus cultivarsC. A. Rice, K. S. Rymal, O. L. Chambliss, and F. A. JohnsonCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1981, 29, 1, 194–196Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00103a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00103a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genome of the Extremely Radiation-Resistant Bacterium <i>Deinococcus radiodurans</i> Viewed from the Perspective of Comparative Genomics (2001)

The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans shows remarkable resistance to a range of damage caused by ionizing radiation, desiccation, UV radiation, oxidizing agents, and electrophilic mutagens. D. radiodurans is best known for its extreme resistance to ionizing radiation; not only can it grow continuously in the presence of chronic radiation (6 kilorads/h), but also it can survive acute exposures to gamma radiation exceeding 1,500 kilorads without dying or undergoing induced mutation. These characteristics were the impetus for sequencing the genome of D. radiodurans and the ongoing development of its use for bioremediation of radioactive wastes. Although it is known that these multiple resistance phenotypes stem from efficient DNA repair processes, the mechanisms underlying these extraordinary repair capabilities remain poorly understood. In this work we present an extensive comparative sequence analysis of the Deinococcus genome. Deinococcus is the first representative with a completely sequenced genome from a distinct bacterial lineage of extremophiles, the Thermus-Deinococcus group. Phylogenetic tree analysis, combined with the identification of several synapomorphies between Thermus and Deinococcus, supports the hypothesis that it is an ancient group with no clear affinities to any of the other known bacterial lineages. Distinctive features of the Deinococcus genome as well as features shared with other free-living bacteria were revealed by comparison of its proteome to the collection of clusters of orthologous groups of proteins. Analysis of paralogs in Deinococcus has revealed several unique protein families. In addition, specific expansions of several other families including phosphatases, proteases, acyltransferases, and Nudix family pyrophosphohydrolases were detected. Genes that potentially affect DNA repair and recombination and stress responses were investigated in detail. Some proteins appear to have been horizontally transferred from eukaryotes and are not present in other bacteria. For example, three proteins homologous to plant desiccation resistance proteins were identified, and these are particularly interesting because of the correlation between desiccation and radiation resistance. Compared to other bacteria, the D. radiodurans genome is enriched in repetitive sequences, namely, IS-like transposons and small intergenic repeats. In combination, these observations suggest that several different biological mechanisms contribute to the multiple DNA repair-dependent phenotypes of this organism.
On the origin of the notching effect during etching in uniform high density plasmas (1997)

We present a two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation of profile evolution during the overetching step of polysilicon-on-insulator structures, which considers explicitly (a) electric field effects during the charging transient, (b) etching reactions of energetic ions impinging on the poly-Si, and (c) forward inelastic scattering effects. Realistic energy and angular distributions for ions and electrons are used in trajectory calculations through local electric fields near and in the microstructure. Transient charging of exposed insulator surfaces is found to profoundly affect local sidewall etching (notching). Ion scattering contributions are small but important in matching experimental notch profiles. The model is validated by capturing quantitatively the notch characteristics and also the effects of the line connectivity and open area width on the notch depth, which have been observed experimentally by Nozawa et al. [Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 34, 2107 (1995)]. Elucidation of the mechanisms responsible for the effect facilitates the prediction of ways to minimize or eliminate notching.
Rapid mold surface heating/cooling using electromagnetic induction technology (2005)

In this study, electromagnetic induction heating is developed to achieve a rapid mold surface heating. Both a single turn of circular coil and a spiral coil were properly designed for induction heating experiments on a flat steel mold plate. Mold surface temperature distribution during induction heating process was measured using infrared thermal image system. Simulation tool was also developed by integration of both thermal and electromagnetic analysis modules of ANSYS. The capability and accuracy of simulations on the induction heating were verified via experiments. To evaluate the practical purpose of induction heating on the real injection molding, a mold plate, roughly about an inset size of cellular phone housing, designed with four cooling channel design and running 12deg coolant were utilized for the demo experiment. After 3 seconds' induction heating, mold surface temperature increases from 110degC to 180degC. It takes another 24 seconds for mold surface to cool down to 110degC. The rapid heating and cooling of mold surface temperatures using induction technology was successfully illustrated via both experiments and simulations.
Evolution of an inducible penicillin‐target protein in methicillin‐resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> by gene fusion (1987)

A new beta-lactam-inducible penicillin-binding protein (PBP) that has extremely low affinity to penicillin and most other beta-lactam antibiotics has been widely found in highly beta-lactam(methicillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The gene for this protein was sequenced and the nucleotide sequence in its promoter and close upstream area was found to show close similarity with that of staphylococcal penicillinase, while the amino acid sequence over a wide range of the molecule was found to be similar to those of two PBPs of Escherichia coli, the shape-determining protein (PBP 2) and septum-forming one (PBP 3). Probably the MRSA PBP (Mr 76462) evolved by recombination of two genes: an inducible type I penicillinase gene and a PBP gene of a bacterium, causing the formation of a beta-lactam-inducible MRSA PBP.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Potent Anti-HIV Nucleoside EFdA (2011)

A concise enantioselective total synthesis of 4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine (EFdA), an extremely potent anti-HIV agent, has been accomplished from (R)-glyceraldehyde acetonide in 18% overall yield by a 12-step sequence involving a highly diastereoselective ethynylation of an α-alkoxy ketone intermediate.
Comparison of four methods of on-line identification and controller tuning (1993)

The work compares four recently proposed on-line methods of identification and controller tuning when the extreme points of the closed-loop response are either accurately known or subject to error. It is shown that Chen's and Lee's methods are relatively robust, with Chen's method giving slightly better estimates of process ultimate data. The method of Jutan and Rodriguez gives acceptable results and Yuwana and Seborg's method is the least acceptable. The work underscores the need to use high feedback gain during identification when experimental data are poor.
Microwave Specific Wolff Rearrangement of α-Diazoketones and Its Relevance to the Nonthermal and Thermal Effect (2002)

alpha-Diazoketones possess high electric dipole moments, as a consequence of the dipolar nature of the diazocarbonyl functional group. The vectorial analysis, theoretical calculations (PM3 and ab initio), and literature reports based on experimental and theoretical calculations reveal a higher dipole moment for the Z-configuration of the diazo functional group. Microwave irradiation of alpha-diazoketone (1a-m) (Figure 1) promotes Wolff rearrangement specifically via the Z-configuration in excellent yields. The dielectric properties of the solvent govern the course of the microwave rearrangement. 3-Diazocamphor (1m) on microwave irradiation in benzylamine exhibits nonthermal effects to furnish exclusively the Wolff rearrangement product (4m), equivalent to its photochemical behavior. In the presence of an aqueous medium, through solvent heating predominates, leading to the formation of a tricyclic ketone (5) as the principal product, arising from an intramolecular C-H insertion. This behavior is similar to its known thermal and transition metal catalyzed reactivity pattern.
Increased Erythrocyte Cation Permeability in Thalassemia and Conditions of Marrow Stress (1981)

Calcium and sodium permeability of erythrocytes from patients with untransfused alpha- or beta- thalassemia major has been studied and compared to mature erythrocytes or control cells with comparable reticulocytosis. Isotopic Na(+) influx was increased a mean fourfold greater than normals and threefold greater than reticulocyte rich control. Passive net leak of Na(+) into thalassemic cells incubated with ouabain was also increased corresponding to their greater (22)Na(+) influx. Erythrocyte Na(+) and K(+) concentrations and cell water content per unit volume of cells were normal. Quantitation of active cation pumps in the cell membrane by the technique of [(3)H]ouabain binding showed a 2.6- to 9.9-fold increase above normal. Inward Ca(2+) movement was studied in cells with absent Ca(2+) pumping produced by depletion of either ATP or Mg(2+)-ions. Calcium uptake by ATP depleted thalassemic cells was increased 12-fold above normals and 3.6-fold above reticulocyte-rich controls. The Ca(2+) uptake by Mg(2+)-depleted thalassemic cells was also increased above normal confirming that erythrocyte Ca(2+) permeability is increased in this disease. Osmotic fragility measurements show that the surface area to volume ratio of thalassemic erythrocytes was increased by 15 to 25% above mature erythrocytes. The increased passive cation permeability of thalassemic erythrocytes cannot be explained by either reticulocytosis or an increased surface area to volume ratio of these cells. Moreover, erythrocyte Na(+) and Ca(2+) influxes in congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA type 2) were increased 2- and 14-fold, respectively, above normal. The increased cation fluxes and cation pump numbers in thalassemic and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia erythrocytes are consistent with the hypothesis of membrane immaturity arising from rapid marrow transit times, a concept previously advanced to explain the persistence of i-antigen on these cells.
A new fourier description based on areas (AFD) and its applications in object recognition (2005)

On the basis of some invariant relations of the projection theory, a new Fourier Descriptor, the Area Fourier Descriptor (AFD),based on areas of the objects' silhouettes is presented, and the concept of multi-dimensional vector space is introduced. In order to speed up searching procedures in the model base for matching, we apply a new coding method to generate a Curve-Corner-Code (CCC), which can be used for any planar silhouettes. Taking the coordinate vectors in the multidimensional space introduced by AFD as the main features, we developed a new algorithm which can not only tolerate any translations, rotations, scale changing and any affine distortion, but also require less computation. Because of the limited terms of AFD, the algorithm is insensitive to truncation errors and can also be extended to recognize 3D general cylindrical objects.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Meningoencephalitis Resistant to Acyclovir in a Patient with AIDS (1990)

A case is reported of relapsing fatal meningoencephalitis caused by a neurovirulent thymidine kinase-positive (TK+) type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV) that developed thymidine kinase deficiency (TK-) during intravenous acyclovir therapy. A patient with AIDS was admitted for acyclovir treatment of a persistent perirectal herpetic ulcer. He subsequently developed meningoencephalitis. A TK+ type 2 HSV was isolated from a brain biopsy specimen. A progressive and fatal relapse occurred, and a TK- type 2 HSV was isolated from his cerebrospinal fluid. Restriction endonuclease analysis of viral DNA from perianal, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid isolates were similar, suggesting that they were the same viral strain. Animal virulence studies indicated significant cutaneous virulence in immunocompromised mice models for the TK- isolates. This case is notable because TK- HSV have, in the past, lacked neurovirulence and because acyclovir resistance developed during therapy and caused the patient's death.
A low-cost class-E power amplifier with sine-wave drive (2002)

We present a 400 W class-E amplifier for industrial applications. The transistor is the International Rectifier IRFP450LC power MOSFET. The amplifier operates at 13.56 MHz and uses a drive level of 12 W to attain a drain efficiency of 86% and an overall efficiency of 84%. All harmonics are more than 40 dB below the carrier.
Radiation-induced changes in microcirculation and interstitial fluid pressure affecting the delivery of macromolecules and nanotherapeutics to tumors (2012)

The immature, chaotic microvasculature of most solid tumors can present a significant impediment to blood-borne delivery, uneven distribution, and compromised penetration of macromolecular anticancer drugs and diagnostic agents from tumor microvessels across the interstitial space to cancer cells. To reach viable tumor cells in relevant concentrations, macromolecular agents are confronted with several barriers to vascular, transvascular, and interstitial transport. Amongst those (1) heterogeneous and poor blood supply, (2) distinctly reduced or even abolished hydrostatic and oncotic pressure gradients across the microvessel wall abrogating the convective transport from the vessel lumen into the interstitial space (impairment of transvascular transport), and (3) impediment of convective transport within the interstitial compartment due to elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) (resulting from hyperpermeable blood vessels coupled with non-functional lymphatics) and a dense structure of the interstitial matrix are the major mechanisms hindering drug delivery. Upon irradiation, changes in these barrier functions are inconclusive so far. Alterations in vascular transport properties following fractionated radiation up to 40 Gy are quite inconsistent in terms of direction, extent, and time course. Total doses above 45 Gy can damage tumor microvessels, additionally impeding vascular delivery. Vascular permeability for macromolecules might be enhanced up to a total dose of 45 Gy. However, this effect is counteracted/abolished by the elevated IFP in solid tumors. When assessing IFP during fractionated radiotherapy in patient tumors, inconsistent alterations have been observed, both in direction and extent. From these data it is concluded that modulations in vascular, transvascular, and interstitial transport by irradiation of solid tumors are rather unclear so far. Translation of experimental data into the clinical setting thus needs to be undertaken with especial care.
Calming Effects of Deep Touch Pressure in Patients with Autistic Disorder, College Students, and Animals (1992)

ABSTRACT Many people with autistic disorder have problems with oversensitivity to both touch and sound. The author (an autistic person) developed a device that delivers deep touch pressure to help her learn to tolerate touching and to reduce anxiety and nervousness. The "squeeze machine" applies lateral, inwardly directed pressure to both lateral aspects of a person's entire body, by compressing the user between two foam-padded panels. Clinical observations and several studies suggest that deep touch pressure is therapeutically beneficial for both children with autistic disorder and probably children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Only minor and occasional adverse effects have been noted. Data are reported that show a similar calming effect in nonreferred college students. A review of the animal literature reveals that animals have similar calming reactions, and also suggests possible additional physiological effects of deep touch pressure. At present, there are increasing anecdotal reports of the clinical value of the squeeze machine, including suggestions that it can be used to reduce required doses of psychostimulant medications. More clinical studies are needed to evaluate the potential role of this seemingly beneficial form of "physiological" stimulation.
Real time Doppler imaging system using forced vibration of the object (1977)

Forced vibration of objects is used to transform physical quantities into the amount of the Doppler shift. By combining this with a real time Doppler imaging system, a method of real time imaging of classified objects is proposed. As an example, particles are vibrated through the vibration of a water cell, which includes the particles in it. The possibility of real time display of these particles classified according to size or weight is discussed. The display of particles of different size or weight by distinct color on a TV monitor in real time seems most interesting.
Types of Robusta Coffee and their selection in Uganda (1935)

(1935). Types of Robusta Coffee and their selection in Uganda. The East African Agricultural Journal: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 193-197.
Role of the Plasmalemma H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase in <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i>-Induced K<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> Exchange in Suspension-Cultured Tobacco Cells (1989)

Activation of a host plasma membrane K(+) efflux/net H(+) uptake exchange by pathogenic pseudomonads plays an important role in the development of hypersensitivity in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Involvement of the plasmalemma H(+)-pumping ATPase in this response was investigated. The exchange response of suspension-cultured tobacco cells to Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae was reduced 90% or more by ATPase inhibitors including vanadate, N-ethylmaleimide, and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The exchange was also strongly inhibited by the protonophore carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and by slightly alkaline external pH. Respiratory inhibitors such as oligomycin and sodium azide reduced the exchange by 50% to 75%, while glycolysis inhibitors such as sodium arsenite and sodium iodoacetate decreased exchange by approximately 90%. These results suggest that plasmalemma H(+)-ATPase activity is required for the exchange response and that this may reflect a requirement for a plasmalemma pH and/or electrical potential gradient.
Emerging Agents for the Treatment of Advanced, Imatinib-Resistant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Current Status and Future Directions (2015)

Imatinib is strongly positioned as the recommended first-line agent for most patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) due to its good efficacy and tolerability. Imatinib-resistant advanced GIST continues to pose a therapeutic challenge, likely due to the frequent presence of multiple mutations that confer drug resistance. Sunitinib and regorafenib are approved as second- and third-line agents, respectively, for patients whose GIST does not respond to imatinib or who do not tolerate imatinib, and their use is supported by large randomized trials. ATP-mimetic tyrosine kinase inhibitors provide clinical benefit even in heavily pretreated GIST suggesting that oncogenic dependency on KIT frequently persists. Several potentially useful tyrosine kinase inhibitors with distinct inhibitory profiles against both KIT ATP-binding domain and activation loop mutations have not yet been fully evaluated. Agents that have been found promising in preclinical models and early clinical trials include small molecule KIT and PDGFRA mutation-specific inhibitors, heat shock protein inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, allosteric KIT inhibitors, KIT and PDGFRA signaling pathway inhibitors, and immunological approaches including antibody-drug conjugates. Concomitant or sequential administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with KIT signaling pathway inhibitors require further evaluation, as well as rotation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as a means to suppress drug-resistant cell clones.
Dralle v. Ruder: Did the Decision Close the Book on Recovery for Society and Companionship in Illinois or Just Turn the Page, 22 J. Marshall L. Rev. 721 (1989) (1989)

parent allowed recovery for loss of society in wrongful death case); Elliot v. Willis, 92 Ill.2d 530, 442 N.E.2d 163 (1982) (spouse recovered for loss of society and companionship); Dralle v. Ruder, 148 Ill.App.3d 961, 500 N.E.2d 514 (1986) (parent allowed recovery for loss of society resulting from nonfatal injury); Huter v. Ekman
Cell mediated contraction in 3D cell-matrix constructs leads to spatially regulated osteogenic differentiation (2013)

During embryonic development, morphogenetic processes give rise to a variety of shapes and patterns that lead to functional tissues and organs. While the impact of chemical signals on these processes is widely studied, the role of physical cues is less understood. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the interplay of cell mediated contraction and mechanical boundary conditions alone can result in spatially regulated differentiation in simple 3D constructs. An experimental model consisting of a 3D cell-gel construct and a finite element (FE) model were used to study the effect of cellular traction exerted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on an initially homogeneous matrix under inhomogeneous boundary conditions. A robust shape change is observed due to contraction under time-varying mechanical boundary conditions, which is explained by the finite element model. Furthermore, distinct local differences in osteogenic differentiation are observed, with a spatial pattern independent of osteogenic factors in the culture medium. Regions that are predicted to have experienced relatively high shear stress at any time during contraction correlate with the regions of distinct osteogenesis. Taken together, these results support the underlying hypothesis that cellular contractility and mechanical boundary conditions alone can result in spatially regulated differentiation. These results will have important implications for tissue engineering and regeneration.