gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell Proliferation in the Dorsal and Lateral Lobes of the Rat Prostate During Postnatal Development (1993)

We have shown previously that cell proliferation occurs throughout the ducts of the rat ventral prostate during its postnatal development. Our objectives herein were to identify and quantify proliferating cells in the dorsal and lateral lobes, to quantify DNA synthetic activity in the distal and proximal segments of these lobes, and to compare the results obtained to the results of our previous studies of the ventral lobe. [3H]-Thymidine, administered in vivo, was incorporated into both the distal and proximal segments of day 10-60 rat dorsal and lateral prostates. Quantitative analyses of autoradiographs revealed that the percentages of labeled cells in the distal and proximal segments of the dorsal and lateral lobes were not significantly different at days 45 and 60, and they were only slightly (though significantly) different at days 10 and 20. Biochemical analyses of [3H]-thymidine incorporation similarly revealed no significant differences in the distal and proximal segments at days 45 and 60, and only small differences at days 10 and 20. The results of analyses of mitotic figures were consistent with the results of autoradiographic analyses, showing clearly that cell proliferation occurs throughout the rat dorsal and lateral prostates. These results show for the first time that cell proliferation occurs throughout the dorsal and lateral lobes, strikingly reminiscent of the proliferation pattern that we reported previously for the ventral lobe.
Part-based 3D Multi-person Tracking using Depth Cue in a Top View (2014)

While the problem of tracking 3D human motion has been widely studied, the top view is never taken into consideration. However, for the video surveillance, the camera is most of the time placed above the persons. This is due to the human shape is more discriminative in the front view. We propose in this paper a markerless 3D human tracking on the top view. To do this we use the depth and color image sequences given by a kinect. First a 3D model is fitted to these cues in a particle filter framework. Then we introduce a process where the body parts are linked in a complete 3D model but weighted separately so as to reduce the computing time and optimize the resampling step. We find that this part-based tracking increases the accuracy. The process is real-time and works with multiple targets.
ROLE OF INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE IN TRANSPLANT ARTERIOSCLEROSIS (1999)

1. Transplant arteriosclerosis is a major obstacle to long-term allograft survival. Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated as a mediator in the development of this disease. 2. We and others have shown that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is up-regulated in allografts with transplant arteriosclerosis. Despite the acute cytotoxic effects produced by high levels of NO, a chronic increase in NO availability is protective against neointimal hyperplasia, mainly by suppressing the inflammatory cell recruitment and neointimal smooth muscle cell accumulation. 3. Currently, we have the technology to directly transfer the iNOS gene to allografts. We have demonstrated that this exciting strategy is feasible and therapeutic and may improve the long-term survival and function of allografts. Future challenges include optimizing the methods and the vectors of gene delivery.
Embedded instruction memory in automotive engine controllers (2003)

Embedded systems currently account for all but 2% of the microprocessor market. Yet often embedded processor cores are simply streamlined versions of microprocessors that were designed for desktop computers. In computer architecture research, the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC) benchmark programs are often used to evaluate the performance of computer systems. The characteristics of the SPEC programs do not match typical embedded applications , however, and therefore it is not clear to what extent performance studies conducted using the SPEC benchmarks are applicable to embedded systems. In this paper, the authors focus on a specific segment of the embedded market: automotive engine controllers. Using data gathered by tracing a state-of-the-art automotive controller, they present simulation results for a memory system that consists of a main memory containing compressed programs, a bus used to fetch compressed instruction blocks, a decompression subsystem, and an uncompressed instruction cache. They look at a number of system parameters, including the bus load, the average memory access time, and the performance ratio of the compressed versus uncompressed system. They also present an analysis of the static and dynamic (run-time) system behavior.
The Asymptotic Validity of Sequential Stopping Rules for Stochastic Simulations (1992)

We establish general conditions for the asymptotic validity of sequential stopping rules to achieve fixed-volume confidence sets for simulation estimators of vector-valued parameters. The asymptotic validity occurs as the prescribed volume of the confidence set approaches 0. There are two requirements: a functional central limit theorem for the estimation process and strong consistency (with-probability-1 convergence) for the variance or "scaling matrix" estimator. Applications are given for: sample means of i.i.d. random variables and random vectors, nonlinear functions of such sample means, jackknifing, Kiefer-Wolfowitz and Robbins-Monro stochastic approximation and both regenerative and nonregenerative steady-state simulation.
The Importance of Sequences in Musical Similarity (2006)

This paper demonstrates the importance of temporal sequences for passage-level music information retrieval. A number of audio analysis problems are solved successfully by using models that throw away the temporal sequence data. This paper suggests that we do not have this luxury when we consider a more difficult problem: that is finding musically similar passages within a narrow range of musical styles or within a single musical piece. Our results demonstrate a significant improvement in performance for audio similarity measures using temporal sequences of features, and we show that quantizing the features to string-based representations also performs well, thus admitting efficient implementations based on string matching
Using feature generation from API calls for malware detection (2014)

The term malware – a combination of the words ‘malicious’ and ‘software’ – refers to a group of software designed to penetrate or damage a computer system without the owner's permission. This set includes viruses, trojans, backdoors, worms, adware, rootkits, spyware and so on. Methods for detecting malicious software, based on signatures, are easily evaded, so anti-virus vendors rely on dynamic analysis to detect zero-day binaries. Unfortunately, this is too slow and inefficient to be used in commercial anti-virus. Zahra Salehi, Ashkan Sami and Mahboobe Ghiasi of Shiraz University, Iran, propose a new malware detection technique based on identifying malicious behaviour through API calls and/or arguments. The high accuracy and low false positives of the method demonstrate that it is appropriate for real-world commercial applications, they argue.
Contextual interaction for geospatial visual analytics on mobile devices (2009)

Limited display area creates unique challenges for information presentation and user exploration of data on mobile devices. Traditional scrolling, panning and zooming interfaces pose significant cognitive burdens on the user to assimilate the new context after each interaction. To overcome these limitations, we examine the uses of "focus + context" techniques, specifically for performing visual analytic tasks with geospatial data on mobile devices. In particular, we adapted the translucency-based "focus + context" technique called "blending lens" to mobile devices. The adaptation enhances the lens functionalities with dynamically changing features based on users' navigation intentions, for mobile interaction. We extend the concept of "spatial context" of this method to include relevant semantic content to aid spatial navigation and analytical tasks such as finding related data. With these adaptations, the lens can be used to view spatially clustered results of a search query, related data based on various proximity functions (such as distance, category and time) and other correlative information for immediate in-field analysis, all without losing the current geospatial context.
Polarization insensitive optical amplifier consisting of two semiconductor laser amplifiers and a polarization insensitive isolator in series (1989)

A polarization-insensitive optical amplifier consisting of two semiconductor laser amplifiers and a polarization-insensitive isolator in series is presented. The isolator not only eliminates the cavity coupling between two amplifiers, but also rotates polarized forward light by 90 degrees . Experiments demonstrate the elimination of cavity coupling and a polarization sensitivity of 0.6 dB with a gain of 26 dB.
Transcription of cloned tRNA gene fragments and subfragments injected into the oocyte nucleus of Xenopus laevis. (1978)

Cloned 3.18 kilobase fragments of Xenopus laevis DNA containing genes for tRNAMet1 and for at least one other 4S RNA species are transcribed rapidly after their injection into the nucleus of X. laevis oocytes. The newly synthesized RNA can be resolved by gel electrophoresis into a few predominant 4S RNA species and a series of slower migrating components. One of the 4S RNA species appears to be identical, by fingerprint analysis, to the tRNAMet1 isolated by hybridization of somatic cell RNA to this cloned tRNA gene fragment (tDNA). Thus, the tRNAMet1 produced after injection can be both fully processed and modified. Its rate of synthesis is estimated to be about 6 x 10(9) molecules/hr in each oocyte injected with 2 ng of tDNA. When the tDNA fragment is cleaved into two halves with restriction endonuclease Sst I, each injected half gives rise to a subset of the RNAs produced after injection of the intact fragment. This experiment thus suggests the presence of at least two transcriptional units on this cloned tDNA. This simple way of biologically testing defined restriction fragments may be of value for analyzing the functional organization of other cloned eukaryotic DNA units.
Induced Loss of Syk in Human Basophils by Non-IgE-Dependent Stimuli (2008)

In the general population, Syk expression in human basophils is highly variable and correlates well with the IgE-mediated responsiveness of these cells. Previous studies established that IgE-mediated stimulation results in loss of Syk expression. The current studies investigated whether stimulation through other receptors results in loss of Syk. Two classes of stimulation were examined, those that operate through the kinase Syk and those that operate through a GTP-binding protein. These studies demonstrated that aggregation of leukocyte Ig-like receptor LILRA-2 resulted in phosphorylation of Syk and c-Cbl, was inhibited by a third generation Syk inhibitor with an expected IC(50), and induced histamine release in strict proportion to release induced by anti-IgE Ab. Stimulation of LILRA-2 for 18 h resulted in modest loss of Syk that correlated with the more profound loss of Syk induced by anti-IgE Ab. Human recombinant histamine-releasing factor has also recently been shown to induce Syk phosphorylation and in the current studies has also been shown to induce loss of Syk in 18-h cultures. fMLP stimulation for 18 h was also found to induce modest loss of Syk. fMLP induced phosphorylation of c-Cbl that was sustained for at least 45 min. Phosphorylation of c-Cbl was inhibited by a Syk kinase inhibitor but with an IC(50) that was not consistent with Syk activity, suggesting another kinase was responsible for Cbl phosphorylation following fMLP. These studies demonstrate that it is possible to induce the loss of Syk expression in human basophils by a non-IgE-dependent mechanism and even by a mechanism that does directly involve Syk in the reaction complex.
Analysis of threats falsification of printed documents (2016)

The methods of protection of printed documents latent images are promising in protection are shown. The main threats to the print and electronic media and types of fraud are studied. The basic principles of protection which ensure the reliability and integrity of the document containing hidden element are constructed. A study of the scanned images found that the main document does not meet up. Latent images can securely protect paper documents. The system of equations to calculate curvilinear patterns, where the optical formula of acceleration and periods of fractals stored in its simplest form, is introduced. There is a need to create new types of protection of printed documents since the means and methods of fraud are becoming more common.
Biologic activity of dirlotapide, a novel microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor, for weight loss in obese dogs (2007)

Dirlotapide is a novel microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor intended for the treatment and management of obesity in dogs. The biologic effects of dirlotapide, weight loss, decreased food intake, increased fecal fat, decreased serum cholesterol, and body composition, were evaluated in a controlled, blinded study. Sixteen obese beagles were randomized to treatment with placebo (n = 4) or dirlotapide (n = 12) following a 2-week acclimation period in which baseline data were collected. The dirlotapide dose, adjusted to produce weight loss for 3 months and then stabilize body weight for 1 month (weight management), produced a significant difference (expressed as a percentage of baselines) in weekly weight loss, food intake, fecal fat, serum cholesterol concentration, and body composition (measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) compared with placebo treatment (P < 0.05). The initial dirlotapide dosage of 0.5 mg/kg (10 times the initial label dose) resulted in a high rate of weight loss (3.3% weekly) and anorexia, emesis, and loose stools for some dogs. A 25% dose reduction (mean dosage: 0.36 mg/kg) followed by biweekly 25% dose adjustments based on individual weight loss, produced 1-2% weekly weight loss and total weight loss of 18.8% in 12 weeks at a final mean dosage of 0.41 mg/kg (range: 0.15-0.60); a dosage range of 0.10-0.34 mg/kg stabilized body weight. Body weight changes for placebo-treated dogs were -0.8% to +0.9% weekly; total weight gain during the weight loss phase was 10.6%. No apparent change in food intake, percentage of fecal fat, and serum cholesterol was observed in the placebo group. Food intake and body weight increased when dirlotapide was discontinued. Dirlotapide produced weight loss by both reducing appetite (about 90% of the weight loss activity) and by increasing fecal fat excretion (about 10% of the weight loss activity).
Realization of High-speed Micro EDM for High-aspect-Ratio Micro Hole with Mist Nozzle (2018)

Micro EDM technology is widely used in micro hole machining for its small force and high precision. However, the slow machining speed and large tool wear are the two major problems. In this research, a mist nozzle, whose central axis is coaxial with the tool axis, was proposed to evacuate debris from the narrow gap area in micro-EDM for high-aspect-ratio holes and to improve the machining speed and accuracy. In order to verify the effectiveness of the mist nozzle, experiments by supplying mist jet and water jet, and by changing the flow rate of deionized water were carried out. By comparing the machining results of micro hole drilling with mist jet and water jet, the effectiveness of the mist nozzle was confirmed.
Mastitis—Progress on Control (1983)

Mastitis has been investigated for over 100 yr, but progress in control has been slow. The reasons for this are complex. Mastitis is caused by several types of infection, each with a different etiology. The possible methods for control are eradication, immunization, therapy, breeding resistant cows, or by improved management factors, but in practice success has been achieved only with the latter. The first practical control was based on specific hygiene methods coupled with the improved use of antibiotic therapy. Later this was augmented by better designs of milking equipment and improved housing. By the control method it is possible to eradicate or reduce to few cows infections caused by staphylococci, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae, but control of Streptococcus uberis is much less effective and coliform mastitis is unaffected. Research indicates that these varying degrees of success are due to basic differences in the various types of infection. There is poor control with infection caused by pathogens that emanate from sources other than the mammary gland and multiply mainly in bedding material (environmental pathogens). Further progress probably depends on the degree of exposure of udders, particularly to these pathogens.
Pathogenesis of human parainfluenza virus 3 infection in two species of cotton rats: Sigmodon hispidus develops bronchiolitis, while Sigmodon fulviventer develops interstitial pneumonia (1991)

Human parainfluenza virus 3 replicates well in the noses and lungs of two species of cotton rats, Sigmodon hispidus and Sigmodon fulviventer. Peak viral titers of nearly 10(6) PFU/g are reached 2 days after infection in both tissues, are maintained through day 5, and are equivalent in the two species. Infectious virus is eliminated by day 8 after infection. Both species produce a strong neutralizing antibody response with titers of 1:10,000 4 weeks after infection. Viral replication in the nasal epithelium results in only minor histological changes, and viral antigen is found only in the apical portion of epithelial cells. Infection of S. hispidus causes a bronchiolitis with a peribronchiolar lymphoid cell infiltration that reaches a peak 6 days after infection, and there is only a minor component of interstitial pneumonia. In contrast, infection of S. fulviventer causes an interstitial pneumonia, and this lesion reaches its maximal extent by 6 days after infection. There is minimal peribronchiolar lymphoid cell infiltration in infected S. fulviventer. Lung lesions in both species of cotton rats are largely healed 9 days after infection, and the lungs are indistinguishable from those of uninfected controls 16 days after infection. These species of cotton rats offer separate models for the two major pulmonary manifestations of human parainfluenza virus 3 infection. The models may be useful for basic studies of the pathogenesis of this infection and for initial evaluation of candidate vaccines.
SCARF: a color vision system that tracks roads and intersections (1993)

SCARF, a color vision system that recognizes difficult roads and intersections, is presented. It has been integrated into several navigation systems that drive a robot vehicle, the Navlab, on a variety of roads in many different weather conditions. SCARF recognizes roads that have degraded surfaces and edges with no lane markings in difficult shadow conditions. It also recognizes intersections with or without predictions from the navigation system. This is the first system that detects intersections in images without a priori knowledge of the intersection shape and location. SCARF uses Bayesian classification to determine a road-surface likelihood for each pixel in a reduced color image. It then evaluates a number of road and intersection candidates by matching an ideal road-surface likelihood image with the results from the Bayesian classification. The best matching candidate is passed to a path-planning system that navigates the robot vehicle on the road or intersection. The SCARF system is described in detail, results on a variety of images are presented, and Navlab test runs using SCARF are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nonlinear adaptive control of active suspensions (1995)

In this paper, a previously developed nonlinear "sliding" control law is applied to an electro-hydraulic suspension system. The controller relies on an accurate model of the suspension system. To reduce the error in the model, a standard parameter adaptation scheme, based on Lyapunov analysis, is introduced. A modified adaptation scheme, which enables the identification of parameters whose values change with regions of the state space, is then presented. These parameters are not restricted to being slowly time-varying as in the standard adaptation scheme; however, they are restricted to being constant or slowly time varying within regions of the state space. The adaptation algorithms are coupled with the control algorithm and the resulting system performance is analyzed experimentally. The performance is determined by the ability of the actuator output to track a specified force. The performance of the active system, with and without the adaptation, is analyzed. Simulation and experimental results show that the active system is better than a passive system in terms of improving the ride quality of the vehicle. Furthermore, both of the adaptive schemes improve performance, with the modified scheme giving the greater improvement in performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Performance Evaluation of Feature Extraction Algorithm on GPGPU (2011)

Nvidia's GPGPU based Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) is a software platform for massively parallel high-performance computing on GPU. It provide several key abstractions- a hierarchy of thread block, shared memory, and barrier synchronization. This model has proven quite successful at programming multithreaded many core GPUs and scale transparently to hundreds of cores: many industry and academia are already using CUDA to achieve speedups on production and research codes. This paper analyze distinct feature of CUDA GPU, summarizes general programming mode of CUDA. This paper presents image processing algorithm i.e. Canny Edge detector which is used as pre-processing steps in many computer vision application as an optimal edge detection algorithm. Detailed comparison of parallel and sequential algorithm implementations is also presented.
An Interview with the Editors of No Depression (2000)

With this installment of They Might Be Giants, the focus shifts away from the realm of 'zines to another category of little magazines typically known as niche publications. These are publications t...