gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anchored palladium nanoparticles onto single walled carbon nanotubes: Efficient recyclable catalyst for N-containing heterocycles (2012)

A convenient process has been developed to decorate palladium nanoparticles onto carboxylic acid functionalized single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) via the thermolysis of palladium acetate. This single walled carbon nanotube–palladium nanoparticles (SWNT–PdNPs) composite has been investigated through a number of instrumental techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, resonance Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which disclose that the palladium nanoparticles are attached by carboxylic acid groups onto the surface of SWNTs. The SWNT–PdNPs composite has been tested as an efficient heterogeneous nanocatalytic system for copper free acyl Sonogashira reaction. A library of ynones was synthesized in high yields under mild reaction condition. The catalyst was recovered and recycled successfully up to seven times. This simple protocol was further broadened in the synthesis of trimethylsilyl-ynones (TMS-ynones) and explored in the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidines.
Unusual Mechanical Performance of Amphiphilic Crosslinked Polymer Networks (2006)

The mechanical performance of a novel antifouling and fouling-release coating, based upon hyperbranched fluoropolymer-poly(ethylene glycol) amphiphilic crosslinked networks (HBFP-PEG), has been investigated thoroughly before and after swelling in water. It is shown that the elastic modulus (E) depends on the relative weight percentage of hydrophilic PEG components. Semicrystalline PEG-rich domains reinforced the mechanical integrity of the entire HBFP-PEG networks as prepared. However, water swelling in PEG-rich domains rigidified these crosslinked networks at low-weight percentages of PEG (30 and 45 wt %) and softened them at high-weight percentages of PEG (55 and 63 wt %). The tunability of their mechanical properties, the intrinsic characteristics of fluoropolymer and PEG, in combination with the nanoscopic surface and subsurface features have suggested that HBFP-PEG amphiphilic networks may be widely applicable in the design of novel biomedical devices.
The genetic and neurobiologic compass points toward common signaling dysfunctions in autism spectrum disorders (2009)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with high heritability. Here, we discuss data supporting the view that there are at least two distinct genetic etiologies for ASD: rare, private (de novo) single gene mutations that may have a large effect in causing ASD; and inherited, common functional variants of a combination of genes, each having a small to moderate effect in increasing ASD risk. It also is possible that a combination of the two mechanisms may occur in some individuals with ASD. We further discuss evidence from individuals with a number of different neurodevelopmental syndromes, in which there is a high prevalence of ASD, that some private mutations and common variants converge on dysfunctional ERK and PI3K signaling, which negatively impacts neurodevelopmental events regulated by some receptor tyrosine kinases.
Behçet's Disease (2005)

Behçet's disease is a chronic, relapsing vasculitis that can affect most organ systems. The prevalence varies geographically, and the disease is more common in countries along the ancient Silk Road, including Italy, Turkey, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Iran, China, Korea and Japan. Behçet's is more common in men than in women, and typically affects young adults. The classic finding in Behçet's patients is the presence of recurrent mucocutaneous ulcers, and oral aphthous ulcerations are usually the initial symptom. Other manifestations include genital ulcers, skin lesions, vascular, neurological, articular, and ocular disease. The disease can affect the anterior and/or posterior segments of the eye, and the main manifestations include iridocyclitis, hypopyon, mild to moderate vitreitis, retinal vasculitis and occlusion, optic disc hyperemia, and macular edema. There is no pathognomonic laboratory test in Behçet's disease, and the diagnosis is based in systemic and ocular clinical findings. Treatment of ocular Behçet is based in corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents, to suppress acute inflammation and reduce its recurrence frequency. Ocular lesions may improve with immunosuppressive therapy, but usually are not fully reversible, and generally progress over time. The prognosis of anterior uveitis is usually good, but patients with posterior lesions tend to have some degree of visual loss, even with adequate treatment.
Computational Antiterrorism Solutions Using a General-Purpose Evidence Fusion Engine (2002)

This paper describes our experience with the implementation of a generalpurpose evidence fusion engine for assimilating data and predicting intent in the mission area of antiterrorism. Data fusion is a difficult, multifaceted problem with many unsolved challenges, the major one being that the data fusion problem is ill posed—data fusion means many things to many people. Fusion of evidence provides a focused solution in cases where a decision maker is faced with discrete bits of information that are inherently uncertain. The DempsterShafer Belief Network algorithm is the basis for our approach to data fusion. Advantages are that it provides intuitive results; differentiates belief, ignorance, and disbelief; and resolves conflicts. Insights into the behavior of the belief network were obtained from an analytical study. Mathematical and empirical properties were explored and codified. Belief networks have been constructed for seven mission areas, leading to the characterization of the prototype testbed as a general-purpose data fusion engine. A novel feature of the evolving testbed is that the user is allowed to override the belief or disbelief associated with a hypothesis and the network will self-adjust, or learn, the appropriate link values by instantiating the override. The back-propagation algorithm from artificial neural network research is used to adjust the links. Although the work described here is in the mission area of antiterrorism, it has broad applicability to decision making in any circumstance where evidence is uncertain, incomplete, possibly conflicting, and arrives asynchronously over time.
Serological diagnosis of autoimmune hepatobiliary diseases. (2005)

Autoimmune hepatobiliary diseases AIHBD comprise autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and the overlap syndromes. Early diagnosis and treatment of AIHBD are essential for the prevention of the high morbidity, and mortality, that is, otherwise, associated with untreated patients. Screening for AIHBD relies heavily on the use of serological tests for the detection of serum autoantibodies that associate with the diseases. Understanding these tests, and the results produced, is important for the efficient diagnosis/exclusion of these diseases. In this review, we discuss the various tests available in the clinical immunology laboratory for screening of AIHBD and comment on the significance of the results produced by each test. We hope that this review will highlight this group of autoimmune diseases and lead to more efficient and earlier diagnosis, and treatment, of patients with AIHBD.
Performance of cobalt titanate towards H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>based catalytic oxidation of lignin model compound (2015)

Mixed metal cobalt titanium oxide (CoTiO<sub>3</sub>) prepared by solution phase method has been evaluated for the liquid phase catalytic oxidation of vanillyl alcohol to vanillin using H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>as an oxygen source.
Initial clinical experience with intracardiac echocardiography in guiding balloon mitral valvuloplasty: Technique, safety, utility, and limitations (2004)

The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility and technique of intracardiac echocardiography during percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty. Echocardiographic imaging is commonly used during mitral valvuloplasty. Intracardiac echocardiography is a newer technology that may provide superior imaging during complex valvular interventions. Intracardiac echocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography were performed in 19 patients undergoing percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty. Intracardiac ultrasound images were obtained via the femoral vein in all patients. Imaging projections and catheter locations that were useful for the performance of mitral valvuloplasty were defined. Intracardiac echocardiography guided transseptal puncture, augmented the assessment of valve apparatus deformity, facilitated balloon positioning across the mitral valve, and permitted postprocedural valvular assessment including identification of mitral regurgitation with color Doppler. Intracardiac echocardiography provided essential imaging guidance and procedural monitoring during percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty.
An efficient HBT/RTD oscillator for wireless applications (2001)

In this paper, we introduce a novel HBT/RTD oscillator suitable for monolithic integration and efficient low power/battery-operated applications. Implementation of a circuit prototype was accomplished by configuring an InP-based monolithic HBT/RTD chip with a gold wire bond inductor in a hybrid microwave package. For an output frequency of 5.8 GHz, the circuit draws a current of 15.5 mA from a 1.5 V supply and generates an output power of +3.13 dBm, for an efficiency of 8.84%.
Production, fertility, survival, and body measurements of Montbéliarde-sired crossbreds compared with pure Holsteins during their first 5 lactations (2014)

Two-breed crossbreds of Montbéliarde and Holstein (MO × HO) as well as 3-breed crossbreds of Montbéliarde and Jersey/Holstein (MO × JH) were compared with pure Holstein (HO) cows for production, somatic cell score (SCS), fertility, survival to subsequent calving, mortality, and body measurements during their first 5 lactations. Cows calved for the first time between 2005 and 2010 and were housed in either a confinement herd or a herd that had access to pasture for 165d of the year in the north central region of the United States. Body, hoof, and udder measurements of cows were also objectively measured. The MO × HO crossbred cows were not different from pure HO cows for fat-plus-protein production during any lactation. However, the MO × JH crossbred cows had 5% lower fat-plus-protein production compared with pure HO cows in the confinement herd. On the other hand, the MO × JH crossbred cows were not different for fat-plus-protein production in the third to fifth lactation compared with pure HO cows in the seasonal pasture herd. Across the 2 herds, the MO × HO and MO × JH crossbred cows had 21% higher first-service conception rate, 41 fewer days open, and 12% higher pregnancy rate compared with the pure HO cows. Furthermore, the MO × HO (5%) and MO × JH (12%) crossbred cows had lower mortality rates than the pure HO cows (18%). Because of superior fertility and lower mortality rates, the MO × HO and MO × JH crossbred cows, combined, had greater survival to second (+13%), third (+24%), fourth (+25%), and fifth (+17%) lactation compared with pure HO cows. For body measurements, MO × HO were similar to pure HO cows for hip height and heart girth, but MO × HO cows had more body condition and greater body weight (+39kg) across the first 5 lactations. The MO × JH cows had more body condition but 5cm shorter hip height and 28kg less body weight than pure HO cows across the first 5 lactations. Foot angle was steeper and hoof length was shorter for MO × HO cows, but MO × JH cows were similar to pure HO cows for hoof measurements.
Nitrogen vacancies as a common element of the green luminescence and nonradiative recombination centers in Mg-implanted GaN layers formed on a GaN substrate (2017)

The photoluminescences of ion-implanted (I/I) and epitaxial Mg-doped GaN (GaN:Mg) are compared. The intensities and lifetimes of the near-band-edge and ultraviolet luminescences associated with a MgGa acceptor of I/I GaN:Mg were significantly lower and shorter than those of the epilayers, respectively. Simultaneously, the green luminescence (GL) became dominant. These emissions were quenched far below room temperature. The results indicate the generation of point defects common to GL and nonradiative recombination centers (NRCs) by I/I. Taking the results of positron annihilation measurement into account, N vacancies are the prime candidate to emit GL and create NRCs with Ga vacancies, (VGa)m(VN)n, as well as to inhibit p-type conductivity.
MATING-TYPE GENE SWITCHING IN <i>SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE</i> (1998)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae can change its mating type as often as every generation by a highly choreographed, site-specific recombination event that replaces one MAT allele with different DNA sequences encoding the opposite allele. The study of this process has yielded important insights into the control of cell lineage, the silencing of gene expression, and the formation of heterochromatin, as well as the molecular events of double-strand break-induced recombination. In addition, MAT switching provides a remarkable example of a small locus control region--the Recombination Enhancer--that controls recombination along an entire chromosome arm.
A Simple Device for Collection of Extraction Phase in Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Method Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Droplet for Sensitive Determination of Curcumin in Human Serum (2013)

A narrow neck glass tube was used for simple and rapid collection of organic phase from the sample surface in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on solidification of floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFO) after its centrifugation and cooling in a water bath. The method was used for preconcentration and sensitive determination of curcumin in human serum. In the designed method, curcumin was extracted from a mixture of serum and acetone (disperser solvent) into 50 ml 1-dodecanol (organic solvent) after its rapid injection into 4.5 mL of an aqueous medium. Factorial design and central composite design methods were used for optimization of the effects of ionic strength, extraction and disperser solvents’ volumes and pH. Spectrophotometric determinations of the extracts at 419 nm were used during the optimization, but for the serum samples the extracts were injected into an HPLC column for final determinations. In the optimized conditions, quantitative extraction of curcumin from serum samples was achieved with a mean recovery of 95.5 % and an RSD of 8.0 % for six replicates. The calibration curve for the HPLC method was linear up to 4 mg mL−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.990. Enrichment factors exceeding 25.3 was obtained for curcumin. The detection limit of the method was calculated from 3 s to be as low as 1.2 ng mL−1. The method was applied to the determination of curcumin in several human serum samples with satisfactory results.
A quantitative analysis of the human bone marrow granulocytic cell lineage using the SAMBA 200 cell image processor. II. The blast cells in refractory anemia with an excess of blasts. (1986)

A quantitative image analysis of bone marrow blast cells from eight patients with refractory anemia with an excess of blast cells was performed using the SAMBA 200 cell image analyzer. A total of 33 parameters was computed on 665 cells visually classified as B1 blasts (agranular cells), B2 blasts (cells containing a few azurophilic granules) and B3 blasts (cells with numerous granules). The continuum of variation of some cytoplasmic parameters (area, hue and standard deviation of the luminance, hue and saturation histograms) and some nuclear parameters (area and convexity degree) from the B1 cells to the B3 cells indicated a concomitant cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation, with the B1 cells being the most immature. An attempt to automatically classify these cells using a stepwise linear discriminant analysis resulted in an average of 68% correctly classified cells at the fifth step. Among the B1 and B2 blast cells considered together, an unsupervised classification method distinguished seven subgroups of blasts, which were principally different in cytoplasmic area, cytoplasmic color and nuclear texture. The percentages of cells belonging to two of these subgroups were highly discriminatory with respect to the prognosis. These two cell types had morphologic, textural and color features that put them very near the normal immature myeloidlike progenitor cells and normal myeloblasts, as demonstrated by means of canonical analysis. All patients having a very low percentage of these two cells among their blast cells died from overt leukemia less than one year after the first diagnosis of their disease.
Research Progress on the Application of Attapulgite in Water Treatment (2012)

Attapulgite is one kind of clay mineral with layer chain transition structure and rich magnesium silicates.It has been preliminary applied in water treatment field.The research progress on the application of attapulgite in water treatment both at home and abroad was reviewed,which provided theoretical and technical references for the application of attapulgite in water treatment field.
Microbial antigen mimics activate diabetogenic CD8 T cells in NOD mice (2016)

Both animal model and human studies indicate that commensal bacteria may modify type 1 diabetes (T1D) development. However, the underlying mechanisms by which gut microbes could trigger or protect from diabetes are not fully understood, especially the interaction of commensal bacteria with pathogenic CD8 T cells. In this study, using islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP)-reactive CD8 T cell receptor NY8.3 transgenic nonobese diabetic mice, we demonstrated that MyD88 strongly modulates CD8(+) T cell-mediated T1D development via the gut microbiota. Some microbial protein peptides share significant homology with IGRP. Both the microbial peptide mimic of Fusobacteria and the bacteria directly activate IGRP-specific NY8.3 T cells and promote diabetes development. Thus, we provide evidence of molecular mimicry between microbial antigens and an islet autoantigen and a novel mechanism by which the diabetogenicity of CD8(+) T cells can be regulated by innate immunity and the gut microbiota.
An approach to probe some neural systems interaction by functional MRI at neural time scale down to milliseconds (2000)

In this paper, we demonstrate an approach by which some evoked neuronal events can be probed by functional MRI (fMRI) signal with temporal resolution at the time scale of tens of milliseconds. The approach is based on the close relationship between neuronal electrical events and fMRI signal that is experimentally demonstrated in concurrent fMRI and electroencephalographic (EEG) studies conducted in a rat model with forepaw electrical stimulation. We observed a refractory period of neuronal origin in a two-stimuli paradigm: the first stimulation pulse suppressed the evoked activity in both EEG and fMRI signal responding to the subsequent stimulus for a period of several hundred milliseconds. When there was an apparent site-site interaction detected in the evoked EEG signal induced by two stimuli that were primarily targeted to activate two different sites in the brain, fMRI also displayed signal amplitude modulation because of the interactive event. With visual stimulation using two short pulses in the human brain, a similar refractory phenomenon was observed in activated fMRI signals in the primary visual cortex. In addition, for interstimulus intervals shorter than the known latency time of the evoked potential induced by the first stimulus ( approximately 100 ms) in the primary visual cortex of the human brain, the suppression was not present. Thus, by controlling the temporal relation of input tasks, it is possible to study temporal evolution of certain neural events at the time scale of their evoked electrical activity by noninvasive fMRI methodology.
Treatment of Dementia-Associated Agitation With Gabapentin (2000)

The authors describe the use of gabapentin in the treatment of 4 outpatients with dementia-associated agitation. On the basis of clinical case reports and the Overt Agitation Severity Scale, all 4 patients had reduced agitation with gabapentin. Three of 4 patients were successfully titrated to a full dose of 2,400mg/day. These findings suggest a possible role for gabapentin in the behavioral management of patients with dementia.
Identification of serotypes of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (1986)

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis, direct immunofluorescence and immunodiffusion procedures were used to serotype 15 strains of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae isolated from the respiratory tract of pigs in southern Brazil. Antigens were prepared by extracting cultures with a saline solution or by the phenol-water method. Antisera were prepared in rabbits against serotypes 1, 2, 3 and 5. Thirteen of the isolates were type 5 and two were type 3. No differences were observed between the results obtained in serotyping with counter immunoelectrophoresis and direct immunodiffusion, but both procedures were significantly better than immunodiffusion except with the saline extracted antigen. Counterimmunoelectrophoresis was quicker, more sensitive and more easily performed than the other techniques.
Reaction of 12H-benzo[a]phenothiazine and 12H-benzo[b]phenoxazine with certain heterocyclic azides (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of 12H-benzo[a]phenothiazine and 12H-benzo[b]phenoxazine with certain heterocyclic azidesJames A. VanAllan, George Arthur Reynolds, and D. P. MaierCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 6, 1691–1694Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01258a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views250Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (411 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts