gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model driven early exploration of IMA execution platform (2011)

Nowadays the conception of avionics platform follows the Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) concept. This concept specifies network architectures, composed of computing modules capable of hosting more than one application that communicates through the AFDX network. Thanks to IMA, the number of modules aboard is reduced, as their footprint in term of space and weight. But the complexity of the design, verification and certification processes for the execution platform (hardware and OS) increases, while time to market tends to decrease. Facing this growing complexity, platform design relies on model-based approaches to assist the refinement of system requirements and to proceed to early analysis. Current model-based approaches focus on software description and approximate hardware components characteristics by set of predefined properties corresponding to a general category of component, and interactions between components in terms of distribution over time. In this paper, we propose a modeling approach allowing describing with different levels of detail an execution platform and simulate it in order to retrieve dynamic performance at early phase of the development process, and test the compliancy between the proposed architecture and a given set of applications. Applications are considered as entry point, and we focus on the response of the platform services and hardware architecture to the applications stimuli. Our method relies on two standardized languages: AADL to model with high level of abstraction the complete platform, and SystemC to refine the description of the execution platform and simulate this latter. In this paper we present our approach, the two languages it relies on, and expose the mapping rules we defined to generate a SystemC model from the execution platform model described in AADL. We also present promising experimental results obtained on an avionic use-case.
Un monde sans pitié (2008)

La présente étude vise à tirer du témoignage platonicien la plus large information positive sur le maître de rhétorique Thrasymaque de Chalcédoine. Il s’agit en particulier d’établir la cohérence entre le propos tenu sur Thrasymaque dans le contexte de la présentation de l’histoire de la rhétorique dans le Phèdre et les propos prêtés au personnage de Thrasymaque au premier livre de la République. On avance que les thèses politiques du personnage fictif reflètent une conception de l’art oratoire fondée sur la production d’affections chez l’auditeur, en particulier de la pitié : la description des situations politiques doit faire apparaître en toute circonstance la position peu enviable du dominé, afin de justifier la plainte. Ce résultat est confirmé par la confrontation aux fragments restants de l’œuvre de Thrasymaque. On en tire dès lors une conclusion sur l’influence du Thrasymaque historique sur Platon : si le philosophe abandonne la rhétorique émotionnelle de l’orateur, il en conserve et en amplifie le pessimisme.
High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Levels and Secondary Events in Outpatients With Coronary Heart Disease From the Heart and Soul Study (2013)

In outpatients with stable coronary heart disease, higher hs-cTnT levels were associated with multiple abnormalities of cardiac structure and function but remained independently predictive of secondary events. These findings suggest that hs-cTnT levels may detect an element of risk that is not captured by existing measures of cardiac disease severity.
Highly Enantioselective Allylation of α-Ketoesters Catalyzed by <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>‘-Dioxide−In(III) Complexes (2007)

An efficient asymmetric allylation of alpha-ketoesters was catalyzed by the N,N'-dioxide-In(III) complex in excellent yields (up to 99%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 94% ee) for a variety of substrates under mild reaction conditions. On the basis of experimental results, a possible catalytic cycle including a transition state has been proposed to explain the origin of the reactivity and asymmetric inductivity, and a bifunctional catalysis was described with Lewis base N-oxide activating tetraallylstannane and Lewis acid indium activating alpha-ketoester.
Control Architecture for Human–Robot Integration: Application to a Robotic Wheelchair (2006)

Completely autonomous performance of a mobile robot within noncontrolled and dynamic environments is not possible yet due to different reasons including environment uncertainty, sensor/software robustness, limited robotic abilities, etc. But in assistant applications in which a human is always present, she/he can make up for the lack of robot autonomy by helping it when needed. In this paper, the authors propose human-robot integration as a mechanism to augment/improve the robot autonomy in daily scenarios. Through the human-robot-integration concept, the authors take a further step in the typical human-robot relation, since they consider her/him as a constituent part of the human-robot system, which takes full advantage of the sum of their abilities. In order to materialize this human integration into the system, they present a control architecture, called architecture for human-robot integration, which enables her/him from a high decisional level, i.e., deliberating a plan, to a physical low level, i.e., opening a door. The presented control architecture has been implemented to test the human-robot integration on a real robotic application. In particular, several real experiences have been conducted on a robotic wheelchair aimed to provide mobility to elderly people.
Primary Site of Action of Amitrole in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Involves Inhibition of Root Elongation but Not of Histidine or Pigment Biosynthesis (1989)

Interference with histidine metabolism, inhibition of pigment biosynthesis, or both have been the principal candidates for the primary site of action of 3-amino 1,2,4-triazole (amitrole). Arabidopsis thaliana is sensitive to 1,2,4-triazole-3-alanine, a feedback inhibitor of histidine biosynthesis, and this effect is reversed by histidine. The combination of triazolealanine and histidine, however, does not reverse the herbicidal effect of amitrole. This indicates that amitrole toxicity is not caused by histidine starvation, nor is it caused by the accumulation of a toxic intermediate of the histidine pathway. Amitrole inhibits root elongation at lower concentrations than it causes pigment bleaching in the leaves. In contrast, fluridone, a known inhibitor of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway does not block root elongation. Fluridone also inhibits carotenoid accumulation in etiolated seedlings in the dark, but amitrole does not. Last, gabaculine and acifluorfen, but not amitrole, prevent chlorophyll accumulation in greening etiolated seedlings of Arabidopsis. These experiments cast doubt on pigment biosynthesis as the primary site of action of amitrole.
Porous structure and swelling properties of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers for size exclusion chromatography (1997)

Small spherical particles of styrene–divinylbenzene copolymers have been synthesized by modified suspension polymerization. The effects of divinylbenzene (DVB) contents, dilution degree of the monomers and diluent composition on the porous structure and swelling properties of the copolymers were investigated. Toluene uptakes of macroporous copolymers were considered as a result of three contributions: filling of the fixed pores, expansion of the fixed or collapsed pores, and nuclei swelling and heptane uptakes as a result of the two first contributions. The increase of DVB content in the copolymers synthesized in presence of a solvating diluent (toluene) provoked a decrease on the nuclei swelling. The increase of dilution degree with solvating diluents changed the toluene and heptane uptakes, and when the diluent–copolymer affinity was reduced, the fixed pore volume increased. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:1257–1262, 1997
Efficient design and analysis of robust power distribution meshes (2006)

With increasing design complexity, as well as continued scaling of supplies, the design and analysis of power/ground distribution networks poses a difficult problem in modern IC design. We propose several closed-form solutions for power distribution network optimization and analysis which explicitly take into consideration the mesh topology of modern power-ground networks. Our analysis and optimization methods have essentially zero runtime for global power grids, and are therefore usable for layout optimization. Experimental validation shows that our IR drop estimation method has almost perfect correlation with true IR drop. Our closed-form sizing solutions save up to 32% area while preserving the peak IR drop; alternatively, we can reduce peak IR drop by up to 33% while preserving the total area of the power distribution network. Our iterated incremental power distribution network improvement technique achieves up to 33% reduction (in one iteration) in peak IR drop over uniformly sized meshes. We also introduce a measure for robustness of power distribution networks to current and process variations.
Cystic fibrosis: infection. (1991)

Recurrent and chronic pulmonary infection is still the major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis. Although respiratory viruses are responsible for some of the acute exacerbations of the pulmonary disease, bacteria, and in some patients Aspergillus fumigatus, are the most important pathogens. Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae are the most prevalent pathogens in cystic fibrosis of childhood, whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in some centres also Pseudomonas cepacia predominate in older children and adult patients. The chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is peculiar, since it is predominantly an endobronchial infection in small bronchioles caused by mucoid, alginate producing strains which gradually lose most of the O-antigenic determinants of the lipopolysaccharide. Although P. aeruginosa produces a number of other toxins which may play a role initially, most if not all of the pathology is caused by immune complex mediated chronic inflammation. The bacteriological results of antipseudomonas chemotherapy are disappointing, as these bacteria are virtually never permanently eliminated. The clinical results of repeated maintenance chemotherapy every 3 months are, however, good, since it is possible to preserve lung function for years and keep the patients alive. Antiinflammatory treatment with steroids for years is used in some patients with benefit.
Influence of prostaglandin F2□ on preservability of Jamunapari buck semen (2013)

One hundred and forty four ejaculates were collected in artificial vagina from six Jamunapari bucks. After collection semen samples were split-diluted in EYC without (control) and with prostaglandin F2□ @ 4 μg/ml (treated) and stored at 4°C up to 72 hrs. The seminal characteristics, i.e. progressive motility, live sperm percentage, and abnormal percentages of acrosome, head and tail were evaluated at 72 hourly intervals. There were significant differences between control and prostaglandin F2□ treated samples for sperm motility, viability and head abnormality percentages at 24, 48 and 72 hrs of preservation. Prostaglandin F2□ was found to be good additive in terms of progressive motility, live sperm percentage, and sperm tail and acrosomal abnormality percentage and hence may be used in routine refrigeration preservation of buck semen.
Energy Levels and Optical Spectroscopy of Er<sup>3+</sup> in Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanocrystals (2007)

Based on the high-resolution excitation and emission spectra at 10 and 297 K, we have determined 107 crystal-field (CF) levels below 43 000 cm-1 of Er3+ at the C2 site of Gd2O3 nanocrystals. The levels were analyzed in terms of 16 free-ion and 14 CF parameters. The CF modeling of the experimental energy levels yielded physically reasonable Hamiltonian parameters with a final root-mean-square deviation of 12.5 cm-1. A modified Judd−Ofelt (JO) intensity analysis was proposed in evaluating the spectroscopic parameters such as JO parameters, radiative lifetime, and branching ratios for rare-earth ions doped in nanocrystals. Three JO parameters were obtained (Ω2,4,6 = 4.96, 2.23, and 0.49, in units of 10-20 cm2). The effect of J-mixing was taken into account in the energy-level-fitting and in the J−J‘ transition intensity calculation, which is observed to be responsible for the significant increase of the radiative transition rate of 4S3/2. Furthermore, the luminescence lifetimes of several excited multiplets of Er3+ were measured, and vibronic side bands and self-absorption were observed in the 10 K emission spectrum.
Mass Transport in Sonovoltammetry with Evidence of Hydrodynamic Modulation from Ultrasound (1998)

Investigations show that continuous ultrasound produces modulated mass transport in sonovoltammetry. At mass‐transport‐limited potentials, voltammetry in the presence of ultrasound shows near‐steady‐state behavior with large current output that oscillates about a stable, average value. The current signal consists of a time‐independent component and a time‐dependent component. As expected for hydrodynamically modulated mass transport both components are proportional to bulk analyte concentration. We report chronoamperometric determinations of ferrocene during ultrasonic irradiation that have been analyzed using both the time‐independent and time‐dependent signal components. In both case, the limit of detection was . This paper contains detailed investigations of the time‐dependent current signal. The effect of electrolyte viscosity on sonoelectrochemical measurements demonstrates that both current signals arise from convective‐mass‐transport effects. Third‐order, high‐frequency cutoff filtering of the chronoamperometric signal shows significant attenuation and smoothing of the time‐dependent signal. To explain our results we propose a qualitative model of convective mass transport in sonovoltammetry, where the time‐independent current arises primarily from acoustic streaming and the time‐dependent component comes from a combination of field‐induced fluid motion and cavitational effects.
In Vitro Studies of the Activity of Dithiocarbamate Organoruthenium Complexes against Clinically Relevant Fungal Pathogens (2014)

The in vitro antifungal activity of nine dirutheniumpentadithiocarbamate complexes C1-C9 was investigated and assessed for its activity against four different fungal species with clinical interest and related to invasive fungal infections (IFIs), such as Candida spp. [C. albicans (two clinical isolates), C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsolisis, C. tropicalis, C.dubliniensis (six clinical isolates)], Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (seven clinical isolates), Cryptococcus neoformans and Sporothrix schenckii. All synthesized complexes C1-C9 and also the free ligands L1-L9 were submitted to in vitro tests against those fungi and the results are very promising, since some of the obtained MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values were very low (from 10-6 mol mL-1 to 10-8 mol mL-1) against all investigated clinically relevant fungal pathogens, except for C. glabrata, that the MIC values are close to the ones obtained for fluconazole, the standard antifungal agent tested. Preliminary structure-activity relations (SAR) might be suggested and a strong influence from steric and lipophilic parameters in the antifungal activity can be noticed. Cytotoxicity assays (IC50) showed that the complexes are not as toxic (IC50 values are much higher-30 to 200 fold-than MIC values). These ruthenium complexes are very promising lead compounds for novel antifungal drug development, especially in IFIs, one of most harmful emerging infection diseases (EIDs).
Theophylline is able to partially revert cachexia in tumour-bearing rats (2012)

The aim of the present investigation was to examine the anti-wasting effects of theophylline (a methylxantine present in tea leaves) on a rat model of cancer cachexia. The in vitro effects of the nutraceuticals on proteolysis were examined on muscle cell cultures submitted to hyperthermia. Individual muscle weights, muscle gene expression, body composition and cardiac function were measured in rats bearing the Yoshida AH-130 ascites hepatoma, following theophylline treatment. Theophylline treatment inhibited proteolysis in C2C12 cell line and resulted in an anti-proteolytic effect on muscle tissue (soleus and heart), which was associated with a decrease in circulating TNF-alpha levels and with a decreased proteolytic systems gene expression. Treatment with the nutraceutical also resulted in an improvement in body composition and cardiac function. Theophylline - alone or in combination with drugs - may be a candidate molecule for the treatment of cancer cachexia.
COTS Software Selection Process (2007)

Today's need for rapid software development has generated a great interest in employing commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) software products as a way of managing cost, developing time, and effort. With an abundance of COTS software packages to choose from, the problem now is how to systematically evaluate, rank, and select a COTS product that best meets the software project requirements and at the same time can leverage off the current corporate information technology architectural environment. This paper describes a systematic process for decision support in evaluating and ranking COTS software. Performed right after the requirement analysis phase, this process provides the evaluators with more concise, structural, and step-by-step activities for determining the best COTS software product with manageable risk. In addition, the process is presented in phases that are flexible to allow for customization or tailoring to meet various projects' requirements
Identification and characterization of CTRP9, a novel secreted glycoprotein, from adipose tissue that reduces serum glucose in mice and forms heterotrimers with adiponectin (2008)

Adiponectin is a major insulin-sensitizing, multimeric hormone derived from adipose tissue that acts on muscle and liver to regulate whole-body glucose and lipid metabolism. Here, we describe a novel and highly conserved paralog of adiponectin designated as C1q/TNF-related protein (CTRP) 9. Of all the CTRP paralogs, CTRP9 shows the highest degree of amino acid identity to adiponectin in its globular C1q domain. CTRP9 is expressed predominantly in adipose tissue and females expresses higher levels of the transcript than males. Moreover, its expression levels in ob/ob mice changed in an age-dependent manner, with significant up-regulation in younger mice. CTRP9 is a secreted glycoprotein with multiple post-translational modifications in its collagen domain that include hydroxylated prolines and hydroxylated and glycosylated lysines. It is secreted as multimers (predominantly trimers) from transfected cells and circulates in the mouse serum with levels varying according to sex and metabolic state of mice. Furthermore, CTRP9 and adiponectin can be secreted as heterooligomers when cotransfected into mammalian cells, and in vivo, adiponectin/CTRP9 complexes can be reciprocally coimmunoprecipitated from the serum of adiponectin and CTRP9 transgenic mice. Biochemical analysis demonstrates that adiponectin and CTRP9 associate via their globular C1q domain, and this interaction does not require their conserved N-terminal cysteines or their collagen domains. Furthermore, we show that adiponectin and CTRP9 form heterotrimers. In cultured myotubes, CTRP9 specifically activates AMPK, Akt, and p44/42 MAPK signaling pathways. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of CTRP9 in obese (ob/ob) mice significantly lowered serum glucose levels. Collectively, these results suggest that CTRP9 is a novel adipokine, and further study of CTRP9 will yield novel mechanistic insights into its physiological and metabolic function.
<i>Xwnt-11</i>: a maternally expressed <i>Xenopus wnt</i> gene (1993)

We have isolated and characterized a novel Xenopus wnt gene, Xwnt-11, whose expression pattern and overexpression phenotype suggest that it may be important for dorsal-ventral axis formation. Xwnt-11 mRNA is present during oogenesis and embryonic development through swimming tadpole stages. Xwnt-11 mRNA is ubiquitous in early oocytes and is localized during mid-oogenesis. By late oocyte stages, Xwnt-11 mRNA is localized to the vegetal cortex, with some mRNA in the vegetal cytoplasm. After egg maturation, Xwnt-11 mRNA is released from the vegetal cortex and is found in the vegetal cytoplasm. This early pattern of Xwnt-11 mRNA localization is similar to another vegetally localized maternal mRNA, Vg1 (D. A. Melton (1987) Nature 328, 80-82). In the late blastula, Xwnt-11 mRNA is found at high levels in the dorsal marginal zone. As gastrulation proceeds, Xwnt-11 mRNA appears in the lateral and ventral marginal zone and, during tadpole stages, it is found in the somites and first branchial arch. Injection of Xwnt-11 mRNA into UV-ventralized embryos can substantially rescue the UV defect by inducing the formation of dorsal tissues. The rescued embryos develop somitic muscle and neural tube; however, they lack notochord and anterior head structures.
Elastomers by atactic linkage of α‐olefins using soluble Ziegler catalysts (1986)

Abstract With bis (cyclopentadienyl) zirconiumIV‐compounds and methylalumoxane as soluble Ziegler catalyst propylene can be polymerized to pure atactic polypropylene with molecular weights up to 600 000. The copolymerization of ethylene and propylene or butene gives elastomers with different properties. The butene units are distributed at random in the polyethylene chain as carried out by 13 C NMR measurements. The regiospecifity of the catalyst leads exclusively to the formation of head‐to‐tail enchainments. Using ethylene together with propylene and diolefins, EPDM rubber is formed. Glass transition temperatures of ‐60 to ‐50 °C could be observed.
A mutation in the human ortholog of the<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae ALG6</i>gene causes carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type-Ic (1999)

Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome (CDGS) represents a class of genetic diseases characterized by abnormal N-linked glycosylation. CDGS patients show a large number of glycoprotein abnormalities resulting in dysmorphy, encephalopathy, and other organ disorders. The majority of CDGSs described to date are related to an impaired biosynthesis of dolichyl pyrophosphate-linked Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 in the endoplasmic reticulum. Recently, we identified in four related patients a novel type of CDGS characterized by an accumulation of dolichyl pyrophosphate-linked Man9GlcNAc2. Elaborating on the analogy of this finding with the phenotype of alg5 and alg6 Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, we have cloned and analyzed the human orthologs to the ALG5 dolichyl phosphate glucosyltransferase and ALG6 dolichyl pyrophosphate Man9GlcNAc2 alpha1,3-glucosyltransferase in four novel CDGS patients. Although ALG5 was not altered in the patients, a C-->T transition was detected in ALG6 cDNA of all four CDGS patients. The mutation cosegregated with the disease in a Mendelian recessive manner. Expression of the human ALG5 and ALG6 cDNA could partially complement the respective S. cerevisiae alg5 and alg6 deficiency. By contrast, the mutant ALG6 cDNA of CDGS patients failed to revert the hypoglycosylation observed in alg6 yeasts, thereby proving a functional relationship between the alanine to valine substitution introduced by the C-->T transition and the CDGS phenotype. The mutation in the ALG6 alpha1,3-glucosyltransferase gene defines an additional type of CDGS, which we propose to refer to as CDGS type-Ic.