gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF NON-IONIC RADIATION ON THE CHICKEN HATCHING (2002)

The study considers the influence of non-ionic radiation (white and monochromatic light) on the hatching of the Hampshire breed chickens. The chicken embryos were most sensitive to the white light (El), reaching the hatching time of 503.63 +/- 3.17 h, the hatchability of 95.12 +/- 3.72% and an average weight of incubated chickens 46.83 +/- 2.82 g. Of the monochromatic lights, the chicken embryos were most sensitive to yellow and green lights (E5, E4) with the hatching time of 505.22 +/- 4.03 and 507.14 +/- 3.95 h, respectively, the hatchability of 94.89 +/- 3.02 and 94.47 +/- 2.93%, respectively and the average weight of incubated chickens 45.72 +/- 1.93 and 45.05 +/- 2.66 g, respectively. The least reaction of chicken was observed with violet light (E2) with the hatching time of 510.04+/- 1.97 h, hatchability of 90.81 +/- 4.05% and the average weight of incubated chickens 42.02 +/- 3.72 g. The effect of violet light brings the same results as we observed in the case of hatching in darkness (control group C), when the hatching time was 510.41 +/- 2.82 h, hatchability 90.42 +/- 3.35% and average weight of incubated chickens 41.98 +/- 3.05 g.
The Policy Process (1990)

Until relatively recently it was not generally believed that the communist states possessed anything that could properly be called a 'policy process'. The ruling communist parties, it was believed, simply issued decisions which were then handed over for implementation to the various subordinate bureaucracies — governmental, social and cultural, and economic. Party decisions were binding in all matters of this kind, and they were held to reflect the influence of ideology or of power politics within the leadership, but not, as in a Western country, of individuals or groups outside the leadership or of the institutions responsible for implementing the policies on which the leadership had decided. These institutions, after all, were staffed by communist party members, usually on the advice of the relevant party committee, and there was no shortage of sanctions, from the secret police to the threat of loss of employment, to make sure that they complied with the party's directives. Policies, moreover, were believed to be relatively simple, the overriding priority being the highest possible rate of economic growth and more particularly of heavy industry. This was clearly close to the view of communist politics held by those who adhered to the totalitarian approach, with its emphasis on party dominance.
Attribute-centric recognition for cross-category generalization (2010)

We propose an approach to find and describe objects within broad domains. We introduce a new dataset that provides annotation for sharing models of appearance and correlation across categories. We use it to learn part and category detectors. These serve as the visual basis for an integrated model of objects. We describe objects by the spatial arrangement of their attributes and the interactions between them. Using this model, our system can find animals and vehicles that it has not seen and infer attributes, such as function and pose. Our experiments demonstrate that we can more reliably locate and describe both familiar and unfamiliar objects, compared to a baseline that relies purely on basic category detectors.
Reliable User Datagram Protocol for airborne network (2009)

Applications operating over airborne networks are known to perform quite sub-optimally. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) based applications often experience very low data throughput [1], while the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) based applications suffer high packet loss as well as out-of-order delivery [2]. This is due to the high Bit Error Rate (BER) nature of the wireless links and the high mobility of airborne nodes. Though TCP and UDP have performed well in wired networks, their original design did not take into consideration the characteristics seen in airborne networks thus resulting in their relatively poor performance. In this research, we implemented an OPNET model of the Reliable User Datagram Protocol (RUDP) as proposed in the IETF Internet-Draft in 1999 [3] with extensions to take into consideration the nature of airborne network characteristics. We then analyzed the performance and its applicability to airborne network scenarios. We also provide performance comparison of the enhanced RUDP against the TCP, UDP, and the standard RUDP counterparts.
Adding more languages improves unsupervised multilingual part-of-speech tagging (2009)

We investigate the problem of unsupervised part-of-speech tagging when raw parallel data is available in a large number of languages. Patterns of ambiguity vary greatly across languages and therefore even unannotated multilingual data can serve as a learning signal. We propose a non-parametric Bayesian model that connects related tagging decisions across languages through the use of multilingual latent variables. Our experiments show that performance improves steadily as the number of languages increases.
RECIRCULATION OF PROSTACYCLIN (PGI<sub>2</sub>) IN THE DOG (1978)

1 The inactivation of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the circulation of anaesthetized dogs has been studied by the blood-bathed organ bioassay technique. 2 Spiral strips of bovine coronary and rabbit coeliac or mesenteric artery detected concentrations of PGI2 of 2 to 5 ng/ml. These tissues were insensitive to concentrations at least 200 fold higher of 15-oxo-PGI2 and 6-oxo-PGF1alpha. 3 PGI2 assayed on bovine coronary artery, rabbit coeliac artery or rat stomach strip, had a half life in blood of 3.0 +/- 0.3 min, indicating non-enzymatic degradation. 4 No disappearance could be detected by bovine coronary artery when PGI2 was infused across the lungs (0.1 to 0.5 microgram kg-1 min-1). However, PGI2 was partially inactivated in passage through vascular beds of hindquarters and liver. 5 Of PGI2 infused into the aorta 35 to 65% escaped inactivation in one complete circulation. Therefore, endogenous PGI2 released from the lungs may function as a circulating hormone.
A One Nanosecond Resolution Time-to-Digital Converter (1983)

A one-nanosecond resolution time-to-digital converter for the SPES I detection system near Saturne II has been built. Full ranges are 1 ..mu..s or 8 ..mu..s. A 125 MHz gated oscillator triggered by the start gives, after a four-phase demultiplexer, a set of 16 signals of 32 ns period delayed by 1 ns. The stop memorizes 32 different configurations for the fine count in Gray code. The differential non linearity is + 0.25 ns.
The Alpine file system (1985)

Alpine is a file system that supports atomic transactions and is designed to operate as a service on a computer network. Alpine's primary purpose is to store files that represent databases. An important secondary goal is to store ordinary files representing documents, program modules, and the like. Unlike other file servers described in the literature, Alpine uses a log-based technique to implement atomic file update. Another unusual aspect of Alpine is that it performs all communication via a general-purpose remote procedure call facility. Both of these decisions have worked out well. This paper describes Alpine's design and implementation, and evaluates the system in light of our experience to date. Alpine is written in Cedar, a strongly typed modular programming language that includes garbage-collected storage. We report on using the Cedar language and programming environment to develop Alpine.
Chowilla Floodplain Groundwater Model (2008)

A finite difference groundwater flow (MODFLOW) model has been developed as part of an integrated investigation into environmental management on the Chowilla Floodplain, a key environmental asset of the River Murray in the Murray Darling Basin in South Australia. The understanding of the hydrogeological conditions, and the hydraulic relationship between the surface water system and the shallow saline groundwater system, has been improved significantly during the modelling process. The model has been used to estimate the flux of saline groundwater (salt load) discharged to the River Murray (via the anabranch creeks) and groundwater level changes under different conditions (eg various management options). A new application of the model is its adaptation to simulate groundwater response to inundation of the floodplain due to natural flooding or artificial flooding using a proposed regulator on Chowilla Creek. The model has greatly assisted the assessment of various management options to reduce salt loads to the River Murray, and to maintain the health of the floodplain vegetation. These management options include a salt interception scheme, groundwater lowering beneath the floodplain, and the construction and operation of flow regulators.
A low jitter, low power, CMOS 1.25-3.125Gbps transceiver (2001)

This paper describes a high-speed CMOS transceiver that can run at a rate of up to 3.125Gbps, from a 1.8V power supply. The chip includes 10/20:1 full duplex Serializer/Deserializer, (SERDES), novel clock and data recovery circuits, and high-speed differential I/Os. Special techniques have been used to increase the jitter tolerance as well as to reduce the amount of output jitter. The chip has been fabricated in TSMC 0.18µ 1P6M digital process and consumes less than 175mW when running at 2.5Gbps with a 26ps deterministic jitter and less than 3.9ps random jitter.
Linear free energy relationship and some quantitative regularities of the of pressure on chemical reactions (1975)

A study has been made of the applicability of a linear free energy relationship describing the effect of pressure on the equilibrium and rate constants of chemical reactions. Some properties of the relationship have been analysed and corollaries, including linear dependences, obtained which make it possible to calculate reaction enthalpies and entropies, volume changes and Hammett's p-constants at high pressures. Ionization reactions have been used as examples to illustrate the conclusions arrived at. The linear free energy relationship has been shown to describe the effect of pressure up to 8000 bars on the ionization constants of acids and on the pH of buffer solutions.
Collective Dynamics in Fully Hydrated Phospholipid Bilayers Studied by Inelastic X-Ray Scattering (2001)

The short wavelength density fluctuation of DLPC (dilaurylphosphatidylcholine) bilayers close to full hydration has been studied by the inelastic x-ray scattering technique below and above the main transition temperature. The analysis based on a generalized three effective eigenmode theory allows us to construct the dispersion relation of the high frequency sound mode for the first time. The marked softening of the excitation near k = 14 nm(-1), corresponding to the lipid chain-chain correlation peak in the structure factor, in the L(alpha) phase implies prevalent occurrences of short-wavelength in-plane motions of lipid chains that might be of importance for transportation of small molecules across membranes.
Enzyme replacement therapy with idursulfase for mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome) (2011)

The current evidence is limited. While the randomised clinical trial identified was considered to be of good quality, it failed to describe important outcomes. It has been demonstrated that enzyme replacement therapy with idursulfase is effective in relation to functional capacity (distance walked in six minutes and forced vital capacity), liver and spleen volumes and urine glycosaminoglycan excretion in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II compared with placebo. There is no available evidence in the included study and in the literature on outcomes such as improvement in growth, sleep apnoea, cardiac function, quality of life and mortality. More studies are needed to obtain more information on the long-term effectiveness and safety of enzyme replacement therapy.
Multi-modulus divider in fractional-N frequency synthesizer for direct conversion DVB-H receiver (2007)

Digital broadcast to mobile phones, or Mobile TV, is believed to be the future of broadcast.Among various international mobile TV standards, DVB-H emerges as the prospective global standard.A Fractional-N Delta-Sigma frequency synthesizer is introduced for dual-band (European UHF band and USA L-band) direct-conversion DVB-H receiver.A 5-bit MOS Current-mode Logic (MCML) Multi-modulus Divider with division ratio of 32 to 63 is designed for the frequency synthesizer.The circuit is capable of operating from 1.6 to 2.5 GHz with less than 0.1 % frequency division error, -145 dBc/Hz phase noise contribution, and 23.3 mW power consumption in TSMC 0.18 m CMOS process.A comparison in performance with existing designs is also presented.
Étude de l'alkylation du toluène en ethylbenzene et styrène (1984)

L'alkylation du toluène en éthylbenzène et styrène est obtenue à partir du méthylal CH2 (OCH3)2 à pression atmosphérique et à une température de 400°C avec des rendements importants (50 % par rapport au méthylal) sur une zéolithe 13X échangée au césium et dopée par le bore. Les rendements sont comparables à ceux obtenus dans différents brevets à partir du méthanol. Ce travail s'est attaché à :
[Effect of silver nanoparticle dressing on second degree burn wound]. (2006)

Silver nanoparticle dressing can be used on second degree burn wound and can decrease the risk of wound infection and accelerate wound healing.
Selective oxidation of tungsten-gate stacks in high-volume DRAM production (2003)

A selective sidewall oxidation process on a lamp based RTP system was developed to minimise tungsten (W) evaporation onto the quartz ware of the RTP system. An experiment was designed based on a non- linear model of the effect of four process parameters on the W evaporation problem. W by-product evaporation was determined by total reflection Xray fluorescence analysis (TXRF). Long-term stability tests were carried out and the effect on the oxide thickness and uniformity was monitored. About 2000 wafers with planar W/WN layers were processed under the optimised conditions without changing or cleaning the quartz ware with minimal impact on process repeatability and uniformity.
Thermospray liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry of the DNA adducts formed between 2′‐deoxynucleosides and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (1995)

Abstract The adducts formed between 2′‐deoxyadenosine (dAdo), 2′‐deoxycytidine (dCyd), 2′‐deoxycytidine (dUrd), 2′‐deoxyguanosine (dGuo) and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BPADGE) were analysed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thermospray liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. An HPLC method was developed using a 5RP8 select B column (125 × 4 mm i.d.) and a mobile phase of MeOH/0.1 M NH 4 OAc at a flow‐rate of 0.8 ml min −1 . A sample enrichment procedure using solid phase extraction was developed and was found to result in an enrichment factor with a mean value of 9. Mono‐adducts were characterized by intense [BH + H] + , [BH + Na] + and [S] + ion signals. Imidazole ring opening was observed for the BPADGE/dGuo adduct indicating that the alkylation occurs at N‐7. The alkylation site in the BPADGE/dCyd adduct was assigned to N‐3 because a hydrolytic deamination reaction was observed leading to the BPADGE/dUrd adduct. Crosslinking was not observed.
Semantical Underdeterminacy (2005)

Abstract Dogma refers to the notion of how language is divided into two categories: one that is figurative or literary and that is widely used metaphorically, and the other concerns standard or ordinary language which is taken to refer to things literally. Dogma plays no small part in the study of literary style in the twentieth century and in studies of the philosophy of language. The fact that this notion is believed to have not been established with a reliable basis entails two effects — a revision of Fregean semantics that veers away from the idea that meaning determines reference and that literal meaning is definite, and the dissolution of the distinction between the linguistic life and linguistic art. This chapter focuses on the distinctions between the different functions of language and how these were systematically imposed during the period between the 1920s and the 1930s.
Detecting Statistical Interactions from Neural Network Weights (2017)

Interpreting neural networks is a crucial and challenging task in machine learning. In this paper, we develop a novel framework for detecting statistical interactions captured by a feedforward multilayer neural network by directly interpreting its learned weights. Depending on the desired interactions, our method can achieve significantly better or similar interaction detection performance compared to the state-of-the-art without searching an exponential solution space of possible interactions. We obtain this accuracy and efficiency by observing that interactions between input features are created by the non-additive effect of nonlinear activation functions, and that interacting paths are encoded in weight matrices. We demonstrate the performance of our method and the importance of discovered interactions via experimental results on both synthetic datasets and real-world application datasets.
Implementation of an image stabilization system for a small digital camera (2008)

This paper presents the implementation of a sensor-shift image stabilization system for a small form factor camera. Image stabilization is a family of techniques for reducing image blur resulting from minute camera shake due to hand-held shooting, thereby allowing the use of shutter speeds slower than values normally required to obtain sharp images. A prototype sensor-shift type image stabilizer module developed for a camera mobile phone is introduced and a digital control system as a part of the image stabilization system is designed and implemented on an 8-bit microcontroller through integer arithmetic in the C language. This paper focuses primarily on issues that need to be taken into consideration for fixed-point implementation of the digital controller. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the implemented sensor-shift image stabilization system.
Recent Advances in Antabuse (Disulfiram): The Importance of its Metal-binding Ability to its Anticancer Activity (2018)

This review confirms the importance of chemical features of compounds such as Disulfiram to their biological activities, and supports repurposing DSF as a potential anticancer agent.
Applying patterns to build a lightweight middleware for embedded systems (2006)

Today, patterns are used in several domains (distributed applications, security, software requirements, architecture...). Our purpose is double: first, to know if existing patterns can be applied in the particular domain of embedded systems middleware, second, to establish the grounding towards a patterns language for that domain.
Analysis Of Torsional Vibrations In Rotating Machinery. (1993)

J. C. (Buddy) Wachel is PresidentofEngi neering Dynamics Incorporated, an inde pendent
Design and performance of digital ballast for HPS lamps (2004)

This paper presents the design and performance of digital ballast for HPS lamps, which employs a 8-bit microprocessor to improve the starting technique and operate HPS lamp at rated power over the service life. The system offers the capability of dimming lamp from 100 % to 50 % power by changing the switching frequency of the inverter. It is also found that, under present experimental conditions, the lamp is free acoustic frequency and resistive operated at high frequency. The 3.2 kV ignition pulse is sufficient for a cold 250 W HPS lamp startup. Experimental measurements have shown the feasibility of the digital ballast with the proposed control strategies.
Proteopolymersomes: <i>In vitro</i> production of a membrane protein in polymersome membranes (2011)

Polymersomes are stable self-assembled architectures which mimic cell membranes. For characterization, membrane proteins can be incorporated into such bio-mimetic membranes by reconstitution methods, leading to so-called proteopolymersomes. In this work, we demonstrate the direct incorporation of a membrane protein into polymersome membranes by a cell-free expression system. Firstly, we demonstrate pore formation in the preformed polymersome membrane using α-hemolysin. Secondly, we use claudin-2, a protein involved in cell-cell interactions, to demonstrate the in vitro expression of a membrane protein into these polymersomes. Surface plasmon resonance (Biacore) binding studies with the claudin-2 proteopolymersomes and claudin-2 specific antibodies are performed to show the presence of the in vitro expressed protein in polymersome membranes.
Economic developments in Malawi since independence (1975)

Since the dissolution of the Central African Federation and the achievement of independence in July 1964, Malawi has largely faded from international notice. In so far as journalistic and academic comment is concerned, what attention there has been centres mainly on the country's foreign policy.1 Although the banning of 'mini skirts', 'bell bottoms' and long hair have briefly commanded some journalistic space and the Jehovah's Witnesses rather more, but less amused concern, serious writings on social, economic or political developments are few, especially when compared with neighbouring countries.2 This article attempts to make up some of the deficiency by an examination and evaluation of the domestic economic policies pursued since independence. In establishing a framework for this examination certain conceptual difficulties need to be faced. Ideally the actual performance of the economy should be compared with its potential, but, given the possibility of different objectives by policy makers, this potential has no uniquely defined meaning. To compare the situation before and after independence is likely to be meaningless if either the objectives of policy or the external economic environment have radically altered. An alternative approach might be to compare Malawi's economic policies and performance with that of a country with similar resources and objectives, but no similar country exists for such a comparison to be made. Without readily comparable time spans or countries, the choice of framework lies
Compressibility of Binary Alkaline‐Earth Borate Glasses at High Pressures (1956)

Compression data to 10,000 atm. were obtained for a series of barium, strontium, and calcium borate glasses at 21°C. The compressibility was found to be in the order Ba > Sr > Ca at corresponding molar concentrations and was not appreciably affected by pressure in the experimental pressure range. Comparison of data on alkali and alkaline‐earth borate glasses shows that the compressibility at corresponding molar concentrations is smaller in the alkaline‐earth glasses. Numerical comparisons at appropriate compositions show that a large part of the decreased compressibility produced by the alkaline‐earth oxides arises from electrovalent sources.
Effective hybrid graphene/carbon nanotubes field emitters by electrophoretic deposition (2013)

Hybrid graphene and carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitters were fabricated with electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The combination of both materials was used to improve the turn-on field for pure carbon nanotubes emitters and the reliability of pure graphene emitters deposited by the same method. The CNT was envisioned to hold down the graphene flakes, like a safety belt or Velcro, at high voltages to prevent an early short circuit at relatively low voltages. These hybrid emitters were studied for their field emission performance in relation to the EPD deposition duration. It was observed that the emitters performed better when the EPD duration was increased due to the increase in the amount and density of graphene flakes. Possible reasons for the improvement of field emission performance were suggested. The roles of graphene and CNT in these hybrid emitters were also discussed.