gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robots escaladores. Consideraciones acerca del diseño, estabilidad y estrategias de control (1997)

En esta memoria se presentan aquellos aspectos mas relevantes al diseno de un robot escalador para la automatizacion de las tareas de soldadura, a realizarse por la cara lisa de los buques, en la etapa final de ensamblaje en dique/grada en astilleros. Igualmente, se presentan los resultados de las investigaciones realizadas en las areas de locomocion por patas, proponiendose dos nuevas medidas de la estabilidad asociada a esta clase de robots, estas son el margen de sustentacion y el margen de deslizamiento. En la generacion de modos de escalado se proponen diversas secuencias de movimiento de patas tanto para modos continuos o discontinuos, basadas en la optimizacion de los margenes de deslizamiento. Tambien se han desarrollado los modos de escalado de tiempo minimo basados en la condicion de alternancia en el secuenciamiento de patas y se describen los modos de arranque y parada los cuales gobiernan la transicion del estado de reposo al movimiento continuo. Posteriormente, se emplean distintas tecnicas de optimizacion para establecer los criterios de seleccion de los puntos de apoyo de las patas durante el escalado en vertical, en horizontal y en angulo. De igual forma se combinan los parametros propios de los modos de escalado, junto con la optimizacion de distintos criterios y se establecen las trayectorias de las patas. Finalmente, se abordan los problemas de distribucion de fuerzas en robots escaladores empleando informacion relativa a la fase local de las patas para eliminar las discontinuidades propias de este problema.
The Heterogeneous Phenotype of Bicuspid Aortopathy Attribute to Different Dominant Pathogenesis (2019)

Different dominant pathogenetic theory determined the phenotype of BAV aortopathy. In patients of Type-1 LR with AR, inherent disposition is mainly responsible for the higher frequency of AoR dilation. Valve-related hemodynamics determined greater prevalence of the dilation of AAo and PArc in patients of Type-0 LAT with AS.
Dynamic behavior of gas lasers (1967)

The purpose of this paper is to treat systematically the properties of gas lasers with respect to internal modulation, mode locking, perturbation of modes due to combination tones, and noise due to spontaneous emission. The response of gas lasers to the resonator loss modulation and the small external signal injection has been investigated on the basis of Lamb's optical maser theory. The analysis on the low-frequency loss modulation indicates that each oscillating mode in a gas laser has its proper damping constant or cutoff frequency for both the perturbations. Although this damping constant is determined in the vicinity of threshold by twice the difference between the first-order term of the negative conductivity due to laser action and the resonator loss conductivity, it converges to that determined by the resonator loss conductivity with the increase of oscillation intensity. The analysis on the small external signal injection gives the criteria of mode locking and clarifies the complex perturbation of oscillating modes due to it. In the case of forced locking where the resonator loss is modulated at a frequency nearly equal to the axial mode interval, the sideband components of each mode falling near its neighboring modes are equivalent to externally injected signals. Accordingly, the required modulation voltage across the KDP intracavity modulator for forced locking can be estimated from the foregoing locking criteria for the small external signal injection. It is also explained that the combination tones due to the nonlinearity of the laser medium, which are equivalent to externally injected signals, produce the complex frequency spectra around the oscillating modes, which result in a principal noise of unlocked gas lasers, and give rise to self locking in a certain condition. Besides, the perturbation by spontaneous emission also corresponds to the small external signal injection. The noise due to spontaneous emission is, therefore, easily calculated using the analytical results on the small external signal injection. The representation of the macroscopic polarization of laser medium developed into power series is shown to be inappropriate to a practical He-Ne gas laser with medium output power, and the analysis is extended to the more general case, where the polarization is represented by a monotonically saturating function.
The contingency effects of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between supply chain integration and operational performance (2011)

Abstract This paper extends prior supply chain research by building and empirically testing a theoretical model of the contingency effects of environmental uncertainty (EU) on the relationships between three dimensions of supply chain integration and four dimensions of operational performance. Based on the contingency and organizational information processing theories, we argue that under a high EU, the associations between supplier/customer integration, and delivery and flexibility performance, and those between internal integration, and product quality and production cost, will be strengthened. These theoretical propositions are largely confirmed by multi‐group and structural path analyses of survey responses collected from 151 of Thailand's automotive manufacturing plants. This paper contributes to operations management contingency research and provides theory‐driven and empirically proven explanations for managers to differentiate the effects of internal and external integration efforts under different environmental conditions.
Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Cortical Spreading Depression (1991)

We determined the effects of spreading depression on local cerebral O2 supply, oxygenation, and O2 consumption in the anesthetized rat. Spreading depression was induced by application of 0.5 M KCl to the frontal cortex. Regional cerebral blood flow was determined with [14C]iodoantipyrine and regional O2 extraction was determined microspectrophotometrically. The passage of the spreading depression wave was determined with a multiprobe assembly that recorded NADH redox state (surface fluorometry), extracellular K+ activity, and DC steady potential (surface minielectrodes). As the wave of spreading depression passed, there was an increase in extracellular K+ and a decrease in NADH. Cerebral blood flow was significantly increased (120 +/- 51 ml/min/100 g, mean +/- SD) during the wave as compared with other regions. In the affected cortex, blood flow was not different from that in the contralateral cortex (69 +/- 28 ml/min/100 g) either before or after the wave of spreading depression passed. Arterial and venous O2 saturation were unaffected by the wave and the histogram of O2 saturations of examined veins followed a similar normal distribution in all regions. Oxygen extraction was not altered by the wave of spreading depression. Oxygen consumption was significantly increased during the wave to 7.4 +/- 3.7 ml O2/min/100 g compared with the contralateral cortex (5.1 +/- 2.6 ml/min/100 g) and other regions. It can be concluded that spreading depression caused an increase in cerebral O2 consumption that was adequately matched by an increase in local blood flow. Oxygen delivery was not limited during spreading depression and its effects were quickly over as evidenced by the lack of alteration in oxygenation after the wave of spreading depression passed.
Physiological mechanisms for metalloproteinase activation. (1992)

The activation of procollagenase and prostromelysin by mechanisms that might be functional in vivo has been investigated. Studies with cell monolayers plated onto collagen films have indicated key roles for plasmin and TIMP in these processes. Prostromelysin activation could be rapidly effected by fibroblast monolayers in the presence of plasminogen, with identical kinetics to plasminogen-streptokinase generated plasmin. Procollagenase activation by plasmin was shown to be poor, although an M(r) shift of 11,000 occurred. Activation was enhanced ten-fold by the presence of active stromelysin even at a very low molar ratio. A tumour cell line secreting procollagenase but not stromelysin was found to be dependent upon the addition of both stromelysin and plasminogen to effect degradation of collagen films. Biochemical studies of metalloproteinase activation were carried out using other purified proteinases synthesized by connective tissue cells including endopeptidase 24.11, endopeptidase-2, cathepsin B and cathepsin L. None was a particularly effective activator relative to plasmin, but cathepsin B was shown to activate stromelysin. By use of both cell model systems and biochemical studies of purified enzymes we have found that the role of plasmin as the major metalloproteinase activator in normal connective tissue cells remains unchallenged.
Radiation Dose Reduction during Radial Cardiac Catheterization: Evaluation of a Dedicated Radial Angiography Absorption Shielding Drape (2012)

Objectives. Radiation scatter protection shield drapes have been designed with the goal of decreasing radiation dose to the operators during transfemoral catheterization. We sought to investigate the impact on operator radiation exposure of various shielding drapes specifically designed for the radial approach. Background. Radial access for cardiac catheterization has increased due to improved patient comfort and decreased bleeding complications. There are concerns for increased radiation exposure to patients and operators. Methods. Radiation doses to a simulated operator were measured with a RadCal Dosimeter in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. The mock patient was a 97.5 kg fission product phantom. Three lead-free drape designs were studied. The drapes were placed just proximal to the right wrist and extended medially to phantom's trunk. Simulated diagnostic coronary angiography included 6 minutes of fluoroscopy time and 32 seconds of cineangiography time at 4 standard angulated views (8 s each), both 15 frames/s. ANOVA with Bonferroni correction was used for statistical analysis. Results. All drape designs led to substantial reductions in operator radiation exposure compared to control (P < 0.0001). The greatest decrease in radiation exposure (72%) was with the L-shaped design. Conclusions. Dedicated radial shielding drapes decrease radiation exposure to the operator by up to 72% during simulated cardiac catheterization.
modelBuildR: an R package for model building and feature selection with erroneous classifications (2021)

The proposed heuristic is beneficial for the retrieval of features associated with two true groups classified with errors. We provide the R package modelBuildR to simplify (comparative) evaluation/application of the proposed heuristic (http://github.com/mknoll/modelBuildR).
Physiologie et genetique de l'isocitritase et des malate synthases chez Escherichia coli (1968)

Two malate synthases are known to occur in Escherichia coli: one of them malate synthase A allows, with isocitritase, the growth on acetate, the other malate synthase G, the growth on glycolate as sole carbon sources. Mutants impaired in their growth on acetate (aceA, aceB) or on glycolate (glc) are characterized by their, growth rate on various carbon sources, by specific activities of isocitritase and malate synthase and by their relative content in each type of the two malate synthases. aceA and aceB mutants are deficient in isocitritase and malate synthase A respectively; mutant glc lacks the malate synthase G. The aceB mutation impairs growth on acetate only when present in a gle mutated strain. In strains of wild type for the genes concerned, growing on acetate, malate synthase A constitutes approximately 60% of the total activity of malate synthase, the rest being malate synthase G; on glycolate, the activity is nearly entirely represented by malate synthase G. Isocitritase and malate synthase A activities appear in similar relative amounts through different growth conditions, particularly, during growth on limited carbon source (chemostat); in such conditions, they allow the growth of a glucose negative strain (glu) even on glucose as sole carbon source. The location of aceA, aceB and glc mutations on the genetic map are established by sexual crosses and by phage 363 transductions. The frequencies of cotransduction between aceA or aceB and known loci (metB, glu-1, argH2, purD, metA, malB) completed by three point test analysis, lead to a detailed genetic map of this region (Fig. 3); aceA and aceB are located close together, between metA and malB. The glc mutation (deficiency in malate synthase G) happened in the strain HfrDV21 simultaneously with a translocation of the sexual factor of the parent strain Hfr 30SOMA4. The glc locus and the sexual factor of this new Hfr are located between the known loci argG and his, close to the marker serA with which glc is cotransducible. HfrDV21 transfers the genetic markers pheB, purC and his in the same order as the Hfr KL16 but approximately 8 minutes earlier. The results, together with the properties of the strain constitutive for isocitritase and malate synthase A, point to the occurrence of an ace operon (aceA, aceB) regulated by repression-derepression. Malate synthase G seems to be so easily inducible (by glyoxylate?) that it allows growth on acetate of a strain deficient in malate synthase A. The regulatory properties and physiological roles of the two isoenzymes suggest that the inducible malate synthase G would be more primitive than the repressible malate synthase A.
Electric-field-switchable magnets: The case of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>BaNiF</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2006)

We show, using the antiferromagnetic ferroelectric ${\mathrm{BaNiF}}_{4}$ as a model system, that the ``weak'' magnetic order arising from a polar structural distortion in a ferroelectric magnet due to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction can be switched by an electric field. We calculate the magnitude of the resulting magnetic order parameter in ${\mathrm{BaNiF}}_{4}$ using first-principles techniques, and we show that it is one to two orders of magnitude larger than the converse effect of ``weak ferroelectricity'' resulting from noncentrosymmetric magnetic ordering. Our work points the way toward the design of multiferroic devices, in which the magnetoelectric domain state can be fully controlled by both electric and magnetic fields.
Bacterial Diversity Studies Using the 16S rRNA Gene Provide a Powerful Research-Based Curriculum for Molecular Biology Laboratory (2002)

We have developed a ten-week curriculum for molecular biology that uses 16S ribosomal RNA genes to characterize and compare novel bacteria from hot spring communities in Yellowstone National Park. The 16S rRNA approach bypasses selective culture-based methods. Our molecular biology course offered the opportunity for students to learn broadly applicable methods while contributing to a long-term research project. Specifically, students isolated and characterized clones that contained novel 16S rRNA inserts using restriction enzyme, DNA sequencing, and computer-based phylogenetic methods. In both classes, students retrieved novel bacterial 16S rRNA genes, several of which were most similar to Green Nonsulfur bacterial isolates. During class, we evaluated student performance and mastery of skills and concepts using quizzes, formal lab notebooks, and a broad project assignment. For this report, we also assessed student performance alongside data quality and discussed the significance, our goal being to improve both research and teaching methods.
Online Short-term Solar Power Forecasting (2011)

This paper describes a new approach to online forecasting of power production from PV systems. The method is suited to online forecasting in many applications and in this paper it is used to predict hourly values of solar power for horizons of up to 36 h. The data used is 15-min observations of solar power from 21 PV systems located on rooftops in a small village in Denmark. The suggested method is a two-stage method where first a statistical normalization of the solar power is obtained using a clear sky model. The clear sky model is found using statistical smoothing techniques. Then forecasts of the normalized solar power are calculated using adaptive linear time series models. Both autoregressive (AR) and AR with exogenous input (ARX) models are evaluated, where the latter takes numerical weather predictions (NWPs) as input. The results indicate that for forecasts up to 2 h ahead the most important input is the available observations of solar power, while for longer horizons NWPs are the most important input. A root mean square error improvement of around 35% is achieved by the ARX model compared to a proposed reference model.
Spin-lattice relaxation of laser-polarized xenon in human blood (1999)

The nuclear spin polarization of 129Xe can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude by using optical pumping techniques. The increased sensitivity of xenon NMR has allowed imaging of lungs as well as other in vivo applications. The most critical parameter for efficient delivery of laser-polarized xenon to blood and tissues is the spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) of xenon in blood. In this work, the relaxation of laser-polarized xenon in human blood is measured in vitro as a function of blood oxygenation. Interactions with dissolved oxygen and with deoxyhemoglobin are found to contribute to the spin-lattice relaxation time of 129Xe in blood, the latter interaction having greater effect. Consequently, relaxation times of 129Xe in deoxygenated blood are shorter than in oxygenated blood. In samples with oxygenation equivalent to arterial and venous blood, the 129Xe T1s at 37 degrees C and a magnetic field of 1.5 T were 6.4 s +/- 0.5 s and 4.0 s +/- 0.4 s, respectively. The 129Xe spin-lattice relaxation time in blood decreases at lower temperatures, but the ratio of T1 in oxygenated blood to that in deoxygenated blood is the same at 37 degrees C and 25 degrees C. A competing ligand has been used to show that xenon binding to albumin contributes to the 129Xe spin-lattice relaxation in blood plasma. This technique is promising for the study of xenon interactions with macromolecules.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 5‐Nitropyrimidine‐2,4‐dione Analogues as Inhibitors of Nitric Oxide and i<scp>NOS</scp> Activity (2014)

Fifty two compounds based on 5-nitropyrimidine-2,4-dione moiety have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory potency on the production of nitric oxide. Among them, compound 36 inhibited the production of nitric oxide (IC50 : 8.6 μm) on lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity (IC50 : 6.2 μm), as well as exerted no potential cytotoxicity (IC50 > 80.0 μm). Docking study confirmed that compound 36 was an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor with perfect binding to the active site of inducible nitric oxide synthase. At a dose of 10 mg/kg, oral administration of 36 possessed protective properties in carrageenan-induced paw edema of male ICR mice.
Double resistance to ganciclovir and foscarnet of four human cytomegalovirus strains recovered from AIDS patients (1995)

Four human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) isolates from four different AIDS patients treated with both ganciclovir and foscarnet and not responding clinically to antiviral treatment, were studied in order to verify the occurrence of double resistance to both drugs, and to define whether single or multiple HCMV strains could be responsible for the double resistance. Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), the relevant conventional viral isolates, and plaque-purified strains from all four patients were examined by antiviral drug susceptibility testing by an immediate-early antigen plaque reduction assay and by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified multiple genome regions and endonucleases. All four HCMV strains had a high level of resistance to both ganciclovir and foscarnet. A single HCMV strain was shown to be responsible for the dual resistance in each patient. HCMV strain identity and uniqueness were shown for each of the four patients in blood samples, viral isolates, and plaque-purified strains. In addition, in two patients the same single HCMV strain shifted progressively from drug sensitivity to ganciclovir and then to ganciclovir-foscarnet resistance. These findings document that resistance to both ganciclovir and foscarnet of HCMV strains recovered from blood of AIDS patients represents an emerging problem. Although it is known that multiple HCMV strains may cocirculate in the blood of AIDS patients, single strains appear to be responsible for the dual resistance. Molecular mechanisms responsible for the double resistance of the four reported strains are under study.
Tranexamic acid for patients with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis) (2018)

We found moderate-quality evidence that there is probably a reduction in the risk of re-bleeding with the use of either oral or topical tranexamic acid in addition to usual care in adult patients with epistaxis, compared to placebo with usual care. However, the quality of evidence relating solely to topical tranexamic acid was low (one study only), so we are uncertain whether or not topical tranexamic acid is effective in stopping bleeding in the 10-day period after a single application. We found moderate-quality evidence that topical tranexamic acid is probably better than other topical agents in stopping bleeding in the first 10 minutes.There have been only three RCTs on this subject since 1995. Since then there have been significant changes in nasal cauterisation and packing techniques (for example, techniques including nasal endoscopy and more invasive approaches such as endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation). New trials would inform us about the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in light of these developments.
T–cell proliferation<i>in vivo</i>and the role of cytokines (2000)

Unlike typical naive T cells, T cells with an activated (CD44hi) memory phenotype show a rapid rate of proliferation in vivo. The turnover of memory-phenotype CD8+ T cells can be considerably augmented by injecting mice with various compounds, including polyinosinic polycytidylic acid, lipopolysaccharide and immunostimulatory DNA (CpG DNA). Certain cytokines, notably type I (alpha, beta) interferons (IFN-I), have a similar effect. These agents appear to induce proliferation of CD44hi CD8+ cells in vivo by an indirect process involving production of effector cytokines, possibly interleukin-15, by antigen-presenting cells. Although none of the agents tested induces proliferation of naive-phenotype T cells, IFN-I has the capacity to cause upregulation of surface markers on purified naive T cells. Depending upon the experimental conditions used, IFN-I can either inhibit or enhance primary responses of naive T cells to specific antigen.
Cascaded power symmetric IIR filter banks and continuity constrained adaptive algorithms for acoustic echo cancellation in subbands (1998)

Teleconferencing systems and hands-free mobile terminals use acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) for high-quality full-duplex speech communication. The problem of aliasing in subband AEC is addressed. Filter banks with implicit notch filtering are derived from cascaded power symmetric-infinite impulse response (CFS-IIR) filters. It is shown that adaptive filters used with these filter banks must be coupled via continuity constraints to reduce the aliasing in the residual echo. A continuity constrained NLMS algorithm is therefore proposed and evaluated.