gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the design of communication protocols for safety-critical automotive applications (2002)

Desirable characteristics of a protocol for a computer network handling safety-critical functions in a car are discussed. The protocol should facilitate the handling of errors occurring in the network. It is suggested that only a time-driven cyclic protocol with pre-scheduled message exchanges can provide the desired functionality. With such a protocol, the meeting of deadlines can be guaranteed. Furthermore, many faults are detectable as they cause the network traffic to differ from the expected. The membership agreement task is also simplified by a time-driven protocol. Two time-driven protocols, TTP and EDP are briefly reviewed. It is found that TTP is more flexible and provides a lower degree of overhead. However, the simplicity of EDP accounts for a reduction of the number of possible fault modes and a simplification of the fault handling.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
3D Input Interface via Hand Motion Using Stereo Camera System for Wearable PC Environment (2002)

Research on wearable computing has recently been studied for providing new information environment with computing devices worn on human body. In this report, we propose a 3D desktop environment for wearable computer system, in which a stereo camera is equipped on the user&apos;s body, and a display is attached beside a glasses. In this system, disparity image and color image are used for robustly extracting the user&apos;s hand, of which the 3D position enables 3D manipulation in the 3D desktop environment. We develop such wearable system, and implement some applications in the 3D desktop environment, so that the efficacy of the system can be demonstrated. 1
Targeting Aurora Kinases for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer (2006)

Inappropriate expression of the Aurora kinases can induce aberrant mitosis, centrosome irregularities, and chromosomal instability, which lead to anueploidy and cell transformation. Here, we report that Aurora-A and Aurora-B are highly expressed in primary human and mouse prostate cancers and prostate cancer cell lines. In clinical samples, levels of Aurora-A and Aurora-B were significantly elevated in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions and prostate tumors when compared with the non-neoplastic samples. Interestingly, expression of Aurora-A in non-neoplastic prostates correlated with seminal vesicle invasion (rho = 0.275, P = 0.0169) and in prostate tumor with positive surgical margins (rho = 0.265, P = 0.0161). In addition, nuclear expression of Aurora-B in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions correlated with clinical staging of the tumor (rho = -0.4, P = 0.0474) whereas cytoplasmic expression in tumors correlated with seminal vesicle invasion (rho = 0.282, P = 0.0098). Cell lines and primary tumors derived from the TRAMP model were also found to express high levels of Aurora-A and Aurora-B. When human PC3, LNCaP, and mouse C1A cells were treated with the potent Aurora kinase inhibitor VX680, which attenuates phosphorylation of histone H3, cancer cell survival was reduced. VX680 could further reduce cell viability >2-fold when used in combination with the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin. Our findings support a functional relationship between Aurora kinase expression and prostate cancer and the application of small-molecule inhibitors in therapeutic modalities.
Mononuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes That Catalyze Water Oxidation (2008)

Two series of mononuclear ruthenium(II) complexes involving polypyridine-type ligands have been prepared, and their ability to act as catalysts for water oxidation has been examined. One series is of the type [Ru(tpy)(NN)Cl](PF(6)) (tpy = 2,2'; 6,2''-terpyridine), where NN is one of 12 different bidentate ligands, and the other series includes various combinations of 4-picoline, 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), and tpy as well as the tetradentate 2,9-dipyrid-2'-yl-1,10-phenanthroline (dpp). The electronic absorption and redox data for these compounds have been measured and reported. The long-wavelength metal-to-ligand charge-transfer absorption and the first oxidation and reduction potentials are found to be consistent with the structure of the complex. Of the 23 complexes, 14 catalyze water oxidation and all of these contain a tpy or dpp. Kinetic measurements indicate a first-order reaction and together with a catalyst recovery experiment argue against the involvement of RuO(2). A tentative mechanism is proposed that involves a seven-coordinate Ru(VI)=O species that is attacked by water to form the critical O-O bond. Density functional theory calculations, which support the proposed mechanism, are performed.
Source mask optimization methodology (SMO) and application to real full chip optical proximity correction (2012)

Due to the continuous shrinking in half pitch and critical dimension (CD) in wafer processing, maintaining a reasonable process window such as depth of focus (DOF) & exposure latitude (EL) becomes very challenging. With the source mask optimization (SMO) methodology, the lithography process window can be improved and a smaller mask error enhancement factor (MEEF) can be achieved. In this paper, the Tachyon SMO work flow and methodology was evaluated. The optimum source was achieved through evaluation of the critical designs with Tachyon SMO software and the simulated performance was then verified on another test case. Criteria such as DOF, EL & MEEF were used to determine the optimum source achieved from the evaluation. Furthermore, the process variation band (PV-Band) and the number of hot spot (design weak points) were compared between the POR and the optimum source. The simulation result shows the DOF, MEEF & worst PV-Band were improved by 13%, 17% & 12%, respectively with the optimum SMO source. In order to verify the improvement from the optimum SMO at the silicon level, a new OPC model was recalibrated with wafer CD from the optimized source. The OPC recipe was also optimized and a reticle was retrofitted with the new OPC. By comparing the process window, hotspots and defects between the original vs. new reticle, the benefit of the optimized source was verified on silicon.
Regulation of Proteolysis of the Stationary-Phase Sigma Factor RpoS (1998)

RpoS, the stationary-phase sigma factor of Escherichia coli, is responsible for increased transcription of an array of genes when cells enter stationary phase and under certain stress conditions. RpoS is rapidly degraded during exponential phase and much more slowly during stationary phase; the resulting changes in RpoS accumulation play an important role in providing differential expression of RpoS-dependent gene expression. It has previously been shown that rapid degradation of RpoS during exponential growth depends on RssB (also called SprE and MviA), a protein with homology to the family of response regulators, and on the ClpXP protease. We find that RssB regulation of proteolysis does not extend to another ClpXP substrate, bacteriophage lambda O protein, suggesting that RssB acts on the specific substrate RpoS rather than on the protease. In addition, the activity of RpoS is down-regulated by RssB when degradation is blocked. In cells blocked for RpoS degradation by a mutation in clpP, cells devoid of RssB show a four- to fivefold-higher activity of an RpoS-dependent reporter fusion than cells overproducing RssB. Therefore, RssB allows specific environmental regulation of RpoS accumulation and may also modulate activity. The regulation of degradation provides an irreversible switch, while the regulation of activity may provide a second, presumably reversible level of control.
Chitin and Chitosan: Influence on Element Absorption in Rats (1983)

Chitin and chitosan are reported to bind essential elements in vitro. To evaluate these unconventional sources of dietary fiber in vivo, the apparent absorption of six (6) elements (i.e., P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu) from diets containing chitin and chitosan were measured by balance trials in growing rats. At the 5% level, and at three particle sizes, neither chitin nor chitosan affected animal growth or food consumption over a 3 week period compared to a 5% cellulose control diet. Apparent absorption of the six elements were positive in all animals. Increasing both chitin and chitosan to 10% and 20% levels in the diet depressed Fe absorption except in animals consuming 10% chitosan. There was no difference in growth or food consumption between animals groups receiving higher fiber levels. Animals were in positive balance for P, Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu. Greater morphological changes were observed histologically in the small intestine and cecum of animals consuming chitosan and chitin compared to animals consuming cellulose. Increased numbers of neutrophils were seen in the lamina propria of the small intestine and cecum. More crypt epithelial cells of the small intestine were undergoing mitosis. The inability of rats to utilize dietary Fe and lose body Fe is believed to be due to the inflammatory state of the small intestine, caused by chitosan, and to a lesser degree chitin. Reasons for mortality in rats consuming high levels of chitosan, >10%, are also discussed.
CAPACITY TO SERVE (1994)

SUBTITLE: TEN MILLS WERE WORKING AT CAPACITY WITH $1.3 BILLION ANNUAL SALES, BUT FRANK JONES REALIZED THE COMPANY 'HAD NOT BEEN USING UP OUR CAPACITY TO SERVE OUR CUSTOMERS BETTER BY GETTING CONTROL OF THE PRODUCT.'
Energy efficient engine: Low-pressure turbine subsonic cascade component development and integration program (1982)

A subsonic cascade test program was conducted to provide technical data for optimizing the blade and vane airfoil designs for the Energy Efficient Engine Low-Pressure Turbine component. The program consisted of three parts. The first involved an evaluation of the low-chamber inlet guide vane. The second, was an evaluation of two candidate aerodynamic loading philosophies for the fourth blade root section. The third part consisted of an evaluation of three candidate airfoil geometries for the fourth blade mean section. The performance of each candidate airfoil was evaluated in a linear cascade configuration. The overall results of this study indicate that the aft-loaded airfoil designs resulted in lower losses which substantiated Pratt & Whitney Aircraft's design philosophy for the Energy Efficient Engine low-pressure turbine component.
Supporting privacy by preventing misclosure (2009)

Despite extensive concerns about privacy and multiple potential consequences of revealing personal information, many users still experience invasions of privacy when interacting with technology. For this reason, privacy is an important and complex issue in HCI. This thesis focuses on specific psychological issues of privacy in HCI, primarily the accidental disclosure of information or misclosure. Using multiple methods including focus groups, a diary study, and an experimental manipulation, this thesis seeks to catalog the incidence of such errors, identify the interface issues associated with each type of error, and provide design recommendations for preventing each type of disclosure error.
Spontaneous Formation of Gating Lipid Domain in Uniform-Size Peptide Vesicles for Controlled Release (2018)

Hybrid assemblies composed of phospholipids and amphiphilic polymers have been investigated previously as a biomimetic model of biological cells. However, these studies focused on the functions of polymers in a sea of membrane lipids. Here, we prepared a highly stable peptide-lipid hybrid vesicle from a combination of an amphiphilic polypeptide and the phospholipid, 1,2-dimyristoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, with a mixing molar ratio of 1:1. The phase-separated structure of the hybrid vesicle was demonstrated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis. The lipid domain of the hybrid vesicle had a phase-transition temperature of 38 °C and allowed the permeation of a hydrophilic molecule, fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled polyethylene glycol ( M<sub>w</sub>: 2000), above 38 °C. The designed peptide-lipid hybrid vesicle and a "lipidic gate" are a promising tool for smart drug delivery.
Three-Dimensional Endoscopy (2002)

This contribution presents a robust estimation\ntechnique for computation of camera motion and\n3D reconstruction of a scene from an endoscopic\nimage sequence. The technique offers new possibilities\nfor more objective diagnoses and intervention\nplanning. Every ordinary flexible monocular\nvideo endoscope can be used without modifications.
Stellungnahmen: Hans-Joachim Gehrke (2004)

Die Thematik "Chora und Polis" läßt sich -methodologisch gesehen -zuspitzen auf die Frage nach den Möglichkeiten
Ultrastructure of (1970)

The fine structural characteristics of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia have been studied in specimens of typical lesions from the tongue of two patients. The large vascular channels were lined with a single layer of endothelial cells on a continuous basement membrane. Smooth muscle cells were present in the walls of the vessels, but appeared to be inadequate as a contractile element. It is suggested that the altered vessels are part of a systemic vascular disorder and are primarily weak, rather than thinned out due to a dilatation of existing vessels.
Constructing a large node Chow-Liu tree based on frequent itemsets (2004)

We present a novel approach to construct a kind of tree belief network, in which the "nodes" are subsets of variables of dataset. We call this large node Chow-Liu tree (LNCLT). Similar to the Chow-Liu tree (1968), the LNCLT is also ideal for density estimation and classification applications. This technique uses the concept of "frequent itemsets" as found in the database literature to guide the construction of the LNCLT. Our LNCLT has a simpler structure while it maintains a good fitness over the dataset. We detail the theoretical formulation of our approach. Moreover, based on the MNIST hand-printed digit database, we conduct a series of digit recognition experiments to verify our approach. From the result we find that both recognition rate and density estimation accuracy are improved with the LNCLT structure.
Linear ion trap for second order Doppler shift reduction in frequency standard applications (2003)

A novel linear ion trap is designed and being tested which permits storage of a large number of ions with reduced susceptibility to the second-order Doppler effect caused by the RF confining fields. This trap should store about 20 times the number of ions storable by a conventional RF trap, with no corresponding increase in second-order Doppler shift from the confining field. In addition the sensitivity of this shift to trapping parameters, i.e. RF voltage, RF frequency, and trap size, is greatly reduced. Mercury ions and xenon ions are trapped in the presence of helium buffer gas. Trap times as long as 2*10/sup 3/ s have been measured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Replacing Mobile Camera ISP with a Single Deep Learning Model (2020)

As the popularity of mobile photography is growing constantly, lots of efforts are being invested now into building complex hand-crafted camera ISP solutions. In this work, we demonstrate that even the most sophisticated ISP pipelines can be replaced with a single end-to-end deep learning model trained without any prior knowledge about the sensor and optics used in a particular device. For this, we present PyNET, a novel pyramidal CNN architecture designed for fine-grained image restoration that implicitly learns to perform all ISP steps such as image demosaicing, denoising, white balancing, color and contrast correction, demoireing, etc. The model is trained to convert RAW Bayer data obtained directly from mobile camera sensor into photos captured with a professional high-end DSLR camera, making the solution independent of any particular mobile ISP implementation. To validate the proposed approach on the real data, we collected a large-scale dataset consisting of 10 thousand full-resolution RAW-RGB image pairs captured in the wild with the Huawei P20 cameraphone (12.3 MP Sony Exmor IMX380 sensor) and Canon 5D Mark IV DSLR. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed solution can easily get to the level of the embedded P20's ISP pipeline that, unlike our approach, is combining the data from two (RGB + B/W) camera sensors. The dataset, pretrained models and codes used in this paper are available on the project website: https://people.ee.ethz.ch/~ihnatova/pynet.html.
Three-Dimensional Ultrashort Echo Time Imaging of Solid Polymers on a 3-Tesla Whole-Body MRI Scanner (2008)

A variety of solid polymers can be visualized by means of clinical whole-body MR scanners and 3D ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences. The investigated polymers differ substantially in signal yield, signal-decay, and spin-lattice relaxation time. The knowledge of the signal behavior of solid polymers on whole-body clinical MR scanners may help to select suitable polymeric materials for instruments and implants which are visible using UTE sequences.
A Deep Neural Network Based on Classification of Traffic Volume for Short‐Term Forecasting (2019)

This paper developed a deep architecture to predict the short‐term traffic flow in an urban traffic network. The architecture consists of three main modules: a pretraining module, which generates initialized weights and provides a rough learning of the features firstly with the training set in an unsupervised manner; a classification module, which performs the data classification operation through adding the logistic regression on top of the pretrained architecture to distinguish the traffic state; and a fine‐tuning module, which predicts the traffic flow with supervised training based on the initialized weights in the first module. The classification module provides the fine‐tuning modules with two classified datasets for more accurate forecasting. Furthermore, both upstream and downstream data are utilized to improve the prediction performance. The effectiveness of the proposed model was verified by the traffic prediction of the road segments of Nanming District of Guiyang. And with the comparison analysis over the existing approaches, the proposed model shows superiority in short‐term traffic prediction, especially under incident conditions.
Clearance of acute myeloid leukemia by haploidentical natural killer cells is improved using IL-2 diphtheria toxin fusion protein (2014)

Haploidentical natural killer (NK) cell infusions can induce remissions in some patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but regulatory T-cell (Treg) suppression may reduce efficacy. We treated 57 refractory AML patients with lymphodepleting cyclophosphamide and fludarabine followed by NK cell infusion and interleukin (IL)-2 administration. In 42 patients, donor NK cell expansion was detected in 10%, whereas in 15 patients receiving host Treg depletion with the IL-2-diphtheria fusion protein (IL2DT), the rate was 27%, with a median absolute count of 1000 NK cells/μL blood. IL2DT was associated with improved complete remission rates at day 28 (53% vs 21%; P = .02) and disease-free survival at 6 months (33% vs 5%; P < .01). In the IL2DT cohort, NK cell expansion correlated with higher postchemotherapy serum IL-15 levels (P = .002), effective peripheral blood Treg depletion (<5%) at day 7 (P < .01), and decreased IL-35 levels at day 14 (P = .02). In vitro assays demonstrated that Tregs cocultured with NK cells inhibit their proliferation by competition for IL-2 but not for IL-15. Together with our clinical observations, this supports the need to optimize the in vivo cytokine milieu where adoptively transferred NK cells compete with other lymphocytes to improve clinical efficacy in patients with refractory AML. This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, identifiers: NCT00274846 and NCT01106950.
Causes and consequences of plant-associated biofilms (2008)

The rhizosphere is the critical interface between plant roots and soil where beneficial and harmful interactions between plants and microorganisms occur. Although microorganisms have historically been studied as planktonic (or free-swimming) cells, most are found attached to surfaces, in multicellular assemblies known as biofilms. When found in association with plants, certain bacteria such as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria not only induce plant growth but also protect plants from soil-borne pathogens in a process known as biocontrol. Contrastingly, other rhizobacteria in a biofilm matrix may cause pathogenesis in plants. Although research suggests that biofilm formation on plants is associated with biological control and pathogenic response, little is known about how plants regulate this association. Here, we assess the biological importance of biofilm association on plants.
Type qualifier inference for java (2007)

Java's type system provides programmers with strong guarantees of type and memory safety, but there are many important properties not captured by standard Java types. We describe JQual, a tool that adds user-defined type qualifiers to Java, allowing programmers to quickly and easily incorporateextra lightweight, application-specific type checking into their programs. JQual provides type qualifier inference, so that programmers need only add a few key qualifier annotations to their program, and then JQual infers any remaining qualifiers and checks their consistency. We explore two applications of JQual. First, we introduce opaque and enumqualifiers to track C pointers and enumerations that flow through Java code via the JNI. In our benchmarks we found that these C values are treated correctly, but there are some places where a client could potentially violate safety. Second,we introduce a read only qualifier for annotating references that cannot be used to modify the objects they refer to. We found that JQual is able to automatically infer read only in many places on method signatures. These results suggest that type qualifiers and type qualifier inference are a useful addition to Java.