gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemistry in the Service of Medicine. (1963)

During his medical curriculum every physician has undergone substantial exposure to chemistry. But in the years intervening since his student days, most of what he learned has escaped him, and much of the remainder is outdated. Very few go back to refresh their knowledge of details. Fortunately, successful medical practice requires only an understanding of principles, not of details. And one of the best ways to grasp important principles and their significance is by a historical approach. The present volume furnishes a broad survey of the place of chemistry in medical science. As Dr. Copeman indicates in the preface, "History is not a mere record of things past, but is intricately interwoven with the present which it helps to shape." And the panoramic view of chemistry in medicine makes the present meaningful for physicians of all degrees of chemical sophistication. It will also bring illumination and pleasure to laymen on
Backtracking: a novel strategy for tracking PV systems (2002)

A strategy for tracking photovoltaic (PV) arrays is examined. The tracking strategy employs a microprocessor-based controller which commands the PV array to move (referred to as backtrack) such that no interarray beam shading occurs. This strategy will permit higher ground cover ratios (closer interarray spacing), which reduces area-related costs such as land purchase and site preparation. Results indicate that backtracking actually increases the solar energy collection as compared to conventional single-axis tracking with shading losses. Further, since direct shading is eliminated, backtracking allows the use of series-configured panels, which offers benefits of flexibility, optimum fault tolerance, and cost savings associated with bypass and blocking diodes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Consensus‐based European guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) in adults and children: part I (2018)

This guideline was developed as a joint interdisciplinary European project, including physicians from all relevant disciplines as well as patients. It is a consensus-based guideline, taking available evidence from other guidelines, systematic reviews and published studies into account. This first part of the guideline covers methods, patient perspective, general measures and avoidance strategies, basic emollient treatment and bathing, dietary intervention, topical anti-inflammatory therapy, phototherapy and antipruritic therapy, whereas the second part covers antimicrobial therapy, systemic treatment, allergen-specific immunotherapy, complementary medicine, psychosomatic counselling and educational interventions. Management of AE must consider the individual clinical variability of the disease; highly standardized treatment rules are not recommended. Basic therapy is focused on treatment of disturbed barrier function by hydrating and lubricating topical treatment, besides further avoidance of specific and unspecific provocation factors. Topical anti-inflammatory treatment based on glucocorticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors is used for flare management and for proactive therapy for long-term control. Topical corticosteroids remain the mainstay of therapy, whereas tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are preferred in sensitive skin areas and for long-term use. Topical phosphodiesterase inhibitors may be a treatment alternative when available. Adjuvant therapy includes UV irradiation, preferably with UVB 311 nm or UVA1. Pruritus is targeted with the majority of the recommended therapies, but some patients may need additional antipruritic therapy. Antimicrobial therapy, systemic anti-inflammatory treatment, immunotherapy, complementary medicine and educational intervention will be addressed in part II of the guideline.
Discrete Geometry, Algebra, and Combinatorics (Invited Talk) (2016)

Many problems in discrete and computational geometry can be viewed as finding patterns in graphs or hypergraphs which arise from geometry or algebra. Famous Ramsey, Turán, and Szemerédi-type results prove the existence of certain patterns in graphs and hypergraphs under mild assumptions. We survey recent results which show much stronger/larger patterns for graphs and hypergraphs that arise from geometry or algebra. We further discuss whether the stronger results in these settings are due to geometric, algebraic, combinatorial, or topological properties of the graphs.
Application of Visible‐to‐UV Photon Upconversion to Photoredox Catalysis: The Activation of Aryl Bromides (2015)

The activation of aryl-Br bonds was achieved by sequential combination of a triplet-triplet annihilation process of the organic dyes, butane-2,3-dione and 2,5-diphenyloxazole, with a single-electron-transfer activation of aryl bromides. The photophysical and chemical steps were studied by time-resolved transient fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy with a pulsed laser, quenching experiments, and DFT calculations.
Evaluation Research: A Methodological Perspective (1983)

A revolution in the science of emotion has emerged in recent decades, with the potential to create a paradigm shift in decision theories. The research reveals that emotions constitute potent, pervasive, predictable, sometimes harmful and sometimes ...Read More
TransRank: A Novel Algorithm for Transfer of Rank Learning (2008)

Recently, learning to rank technique has attracted much attention. However, the lack of labeled training data seriously limits its application in real-world tasks. In this paper, we propose to break this bottleneck by considering the cross-domain ldquotransfer of rank learningrdquo problem. Simultaneously, we propose a novel algorithm called TransRank, which can effectively utilize the labeled data from a source domain to enhance the learning of ranking function in the target domain. The proposed algorithm consists of three key steps. Firstly, we introduce a utility function to select the k-best queries from the source domain labeled data. Secondly, feature augmentation is performed on both source and target domain data, which can straightly adapt the ranking information from source domain to target domain. Finally, we utilize the classical ranking SVM to learn the enhanced ranking function on the augmented features. Experimental results on benchmark datasets well validate our proposed TransRank algorithm.
Annual patterns of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and inhibin in normal men (1996)

Reproductive functions in most animals demonstrate seasonal fluctuations that allow young to be born at a time of the year favourable for their survival. Whether there is a seasonal change in the human reproductive system is unclear. In the present study, we measured serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and inhibin in the same 16 normal men sampled monthly for 1 year. A statistically significant increase in all four measured hormones was found in June, with a nadir in August. Our findings suggest that a circannual rhythm of gonadotrophins and testicular hormones exists in normal men. The mechanism leading to this rhythm and the importance of the rhythm in human biology are unknown.
Effect of Pinealectomy on Plasma Glucose, Insulin and Glucagon Levels in the Rat (1986)

In an attempt to know the role of the pineal gland on glucose homeostasis, the blood plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin and glucagon under basal conditions or after the administration of nutrients were studied in the jugular vein of conscious pinealectomized (Pn), melatonin-treated pinealectomized (Pn + Mel) and control (C) rats. Glucose levels were smaller in C than in Pn rats, while immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations were significantly greater in C than in Pn rats. Contrary to this, immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) levels were significantly greater in Pn than in C animals. Melatonin treatment of Pn rats induces an increase of IRI concentrations and a reduction in IRG levels. Similar changes were obtained when hormonal determinations were carried out in portal blood plasma. Although ether anesthesia increases circulating glucagon levels in the porta and cava veins, the qualitative changes of plasma insulin and glucagon in Pn and Pn + Mel were similar to those found in conscious rats. To determine the effects of nutrients on pancreatic hormone release, intravenous arginine or oral glucose were administered to the animals of the three experimental groups. In C rats, both glucose and IRI levels reached a peak 30 minutes after glucose ingestion, decreasing thereafter. However, in Pn rats a glucose intolerance was observed, with maximum glucose and insulin concentrations at 60 minutes, while in Pn + Mel animals, glucose and IRI concentrations were in between the data obtained with the other two groups. Furthermore, glucose ingestion induced a significant reduction of IRG levels in all the groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Nanopore-based Endotoxin Sensor (2019)

Coulter-counterの原理に基づくエンドトキシンの連続モニタリング法を検討した．先端に260 nmのナノポアを有するガラスナノピペットの内部に，エンドトキシンを含むリン酸緩衝生理食塩水（phosphate buffered saline, PBS）を入れ，エンドトキシンフリーPBSのバルク溶液に先端を浸した．ピペット中に挿入した銀/塩化銀線に，バルクに挿入した銀/塩化銀線に対して1 V印加して電流変化を観察した結果，エンドトキシン濃度の上昇とともにパルス状の電流変化の現れる頻度が上昇した．このパルス電流は，エンドトキシンミセルがナノピペットから吐出されるときにイオンの流れを阻害するために現れ，エンドトキシン濃度の上昇とともにパルスとして現れるサイズの大きいミセルの個数が増えることが示唆された．現状での検出限界は500エンドトキシン活性単位（Endotoxin Unit, EU）L−1程度だが，ポア径の最適化を行うことで小さなミセルを検出できるようになれば，高感度化が可能であると考えられる．本手法はこれまでに実現されていない透析や製薬工場のラインへの組込みができるエンドトキシン検出法としての応用が期待される．
ProbSy--A System for the Calculation of Probabilities in the Card Game Bridge (1998)

We present an application designated to the calculation of probabilities in the card game bridge. The application can be used by bridge players to improve their decisions in the game. We describe in detail how a Bayesian network is dynamically generated depending on the case presented to the application. We also present a communication language which makes the specification of all kinds of relevant evidence simple. The communication language also makes it easy to specify requests for probabilities of complex properties of the distribution of cards. We explain how the probability of a strategy for declarer&apos;s play being successful is calculated by transforming the corresponding condition to disjunctive normal from. Finally, we give examples showing the use of ProbSy.
Providing secure mobile device pairing based on visual confirmation (2009)

With the increase of personal mobile devices, wireless short-range communications occur frequently and security risks thereon increase since wireless communication channels are inherently easy to eavesdrop on and be under control. In this paper, we investigate a key establishment protocol focusing two properties of wireless mobile communications: 1) a short-range communication without prior trust relationship and 2) a human user who is able to verify both a sender and a receiver devices at the same time. We then propose a simple device pairing method to verify that the shared (temporal) public keys, which are later used to generate a session key, are identical by presenting short text messages on secure side channel (e.g., visual and audio channel). It is easily and intuitively recognized by a human user.
A PCA-based Face Recognition Method by Applying Fast Fourier Transform in Pre-processing (2013)

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a well-studied method in face recognition. Noticing that few researches focus on pre-processing of images, which will also improve the performance of feature extraction of PCA algorithm, we present an improved approach of PCA based face recognition algorithm using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). In our method, FFT is presented as a method to combine amplitude spectrum of one image with phase spectrum of another image as a mixed image. PCA is applied to do feature extraction and a kernel SVM is harnessed as a classifier. To test and evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, a series of experiments are performed on Yale face database A. The experimental results show that our proposed method is encouraging.
A versatile tactile sensor system for covering large and curved surface areas (2012)

Most of today's robots, while being equipped with arrays of ever more impressive sensors, still lack a fundamental ability so readily available to biological systems: a sense of touch. With the exception of a few humanoid platforms tactile sensing is typically limited to small areas such as palms or finger tips. In this paper we present a tactile sensing system designed specifically to meet the needs of covering large, possibly curved surfaces of the robot. The sensors are at the same time highly sensitive and robust, cheap to manufacture and can be made to have almost any size and shape. As such the presented system can ideally complement existing systems and their high spatial resolution required in finger tips with a system providing highly sensitive and impact resistant coverage for the rest of the body.
Pattern formation and growth during floral organogenesis: <i>HUELLENLOS</i> and <i>AINTEGUMENTA</i> are required for the formation of the proximal region of the ovule primordium in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (1998)

Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate and integrate the temporal and spatial control of cell proliferation during organ ontogenesis, particularly of floral organs, continues to be primitive. The ovule, the progenitor of the seed, of Arabidopsis thaliana has been used to develop an effective model system for the analysis of plant organogenesis. A typical feature of a generalized ovule is the linear arrangement of at least three distinct elements, the funiculus, chalaza and nucellus, along a proximal-distal axis. This pattern is supposed to be established during the early proliferative phase of ovule development. We provide genetic evidence that the young ovule primordium indeed is a composite structure. Two genes, HUELLENLOS and AINTEGUMENTA have overlapping functions in the ovule and differentially control the formation of the central and proximal elements of the primordium. The results indicate that proximal-distal pattern formation in the Arabidopsis ovule takes place in a sequential fashion, starting from the distal end. Furthermore, we show that HUELLENLOS also regulates the initiation and/or maintenance of integument and embryo sac ontogenesis and interestingly prevents inappropriate cell death in the young ovule.
Use of Nebulized Amphotericin B in the Treatment of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis in Cystic Fibrosis (2010)

Background. Systemic steroids and adjunctive antifungal therapy are the cornerstone in treating allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in the context of CF. Aim. Evaluate the use of inhaled amphotericin B (iAMB) as antifungal agent in this context. Methods. Report of 7 CF patients with recurrent or difficult to treat ABPA and failure to taper systemic corticosteroids treated with AMB deoxycholate (AMB-d) (Fungizone 25 mg 3× a week) or AMB lipid complex (ABLC) (Abelcet 50 mg twice weekly). Successful therapy was defined as steroid withdrawal without ABPA relapse within 12 months. Results. Therapy was successful in 6 of 7 patients treated with iAMB. In 5/6, lung function improved. The patient with treatment failure has concomitant MAC lung infection. Conclusion. Inhaled AMB may be an alternative to commonly used adjunctive antifungal therapy in the treatment of ABPA. More data are needed on safety and efficacy.
Timing closure based on physical hierarchy (2002)

In this paper, we shall present the progress and results of the ongoing project at UCLA on synthesis and optimization under physical hierarchy. First, we shall motivate our approach by pointing out the limitations of the existing approach to interconnect planning based on early RTL floorplanning following logic hierarchy. Then, we shall discuss the technical challenges for synthesis under the physical hierarchy, including handling high computational complexity from the flattened logic hierarchy, needs of retiming and pipelining over global interconnects, and extension of existing synthesis operations. Finally, we shall outline our approaches to overcome these technical challenges.
Electro-optic integration of embedded electrodes and waveguides in LiNbO_3 using a femtosecond laser (2008)

We describe the fabrication of a Mach-Zehnder optical modulator in LiNbO(3) by femtosecond laser micromachining, which is composed of optical waveguides inscripted by a femtosecond laser and embedded microelectrodes subsequently fabricated using femtosecond laser ablation and selective electroless plating. A half-wave voltage close to 19 V is achieved at a wavelength of 632.8 nm with an interaction length of 2.6 mm. This simple and cost-effective technique opens up new opportunities for fabricating integrated electro-optic devices.
Recurrent Models for Auditory Attention in Multi-Microphone Distance Speech Recognition (2015)

Integration of multiple microphone data is one of the key ways to achieve robust speech recognition in noisy environments or when the speaker is located at some distance from the input device. Signal processing techniques such as beamforming are widely used to extract a speech signal of interest from background noise. These techniques, however, are highly dependent on prior spatial information about the microphones and the environment in which the system is being used. In this work, we present a neural attention network that directly combines multi-channel audio to generate phonetic states without requiring any prior knowledge of the microphone layout or any explicit signal preprocessing for speech enhancement. We embed an attention mechanism within a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based acoustic model to automatically tune its attention to a more reliable input source. Unlike traditional multi-channel preprocessing, our system can be optimized towards the desired output in one step. Although attention-based models have recently achieved impressive results on sequence-to-sequence learning, no attention mechanisms have previously been applied to learn potentially asynchronous and non-stationary multiple inputs. We evaluate our neural attention model on the CHiME-3 challenge task, and show that the model achieves comparable performance to beamforming using a purely data-driven method.
Investigation of the reaction between amino acids or amino acid esters and 9-formylfluorene and its equivalents. Possible utility of the derived enamines as amino group protectants (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigation of the reaction between amino acids or amino acid esters and 9-formylfluorene and its equivalents. Possible utility of the derived enamines as amino group protectantsLouis A. Carpino, Hann Guang Chao, and Jien Heh TienCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 18, 4302–4313Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00279a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00279a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1000Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Beam delivery for stable isotope separation (2002)

In the multi-photon dissociation process of Carbon isotope enrichment, IR photons are used to selectively excite a molecule with the given isotopic base element. This enrichment process is very sensitive to the beam's intensity and wavelength. Because the intensity is determined by the propagation of the field, the enrichment factors are also very dependent on the field propagation. In this paper, the influence of the wavelength and intensity of the beam, on the isotope selective dissociation of a CFC compound is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Consideration is also given to some of the factors that influence the delivery of various beams to the reactor chamber, and their subsequent propagation through the reactor. The results show that suitable beam forming can lead to an improved isotope separation process.
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphomas With the RHOA p.Gly17Val Mutation Have Classic Clinical and Pathologic Features (2015)

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a nodal-based mature T-cell lymphoma with distinctive clinical symptomatology and histology. Research into its pathogenesis supports a cellular derivation from follicular helper T cells and overexpression of genes related to B cells, follicular dendritic cells, and vascular growth. Recently, a novel recurring somatic mutation in RHOA, encoding p.Gly17Val, was discovered in nearly 70% of AITLs and in a smaller proportion of peripheral T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). We investigated a series of AITLs to compare RHOA mutated with wild-type case for clinicopathologic differences. Targeted exome and Sanger sequencing was performed on 27 AITLs and 10 PTCL-NOS. The RHOA G17V mutation was identified in 63% of the AITL cases and in none of the PTCL-NOS cases. The median variant allelic frequency was 14%, with a range of 0.4 to 50% in positive cases. RHOA G17V-mutated cases had a significantly higher incidence of splenomegaly and B symptoms at diagnosis, but there was no difference in overall survival between mutated and wild-type subgroups. Cases with the RHOA G17V mutation had a significantly higher mean microvessel density (P<0.01) and expressed a greater number of follicular helper T-cell markers (P<0.05) than wild-type cases. RHOA G17V is present in a significant proportion of angioimmunoblastic lymphomas and is associated with classic pathologic features of AITL. Additional studies are needed to provide a biological or functional link between altered RHOA function and these pathologic features.