gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Getting users to pay attention to anti-phishing education (2007)

Educational materials designed to teach users not to fall for phishing attacks are widely available but are often ignored by users. In this paper, we extend an embedded training methodology using learning science principles in which phishing education is made part of a primary task for users. The goal is to motivate users to pay attention to the training materials. In embedded training, users are sent simulated phishing attacks and trained after they fall for the attacks. Prior studies tested users immediately after training and demonstrated that embedded training improved users' ability to identify phishing emails and websites. In the present study, we tested users to determine how well they retained knowledge gained through embedded training and how well they transferred this knowledge to identify other types of phishing emails. We also compared the effectiveness of the same training materials delivered via embedded training and delivered as regular email messages. In our experiments, we found that: (a) users learn more effectively when the training materials are presented after users fall for the attack (embedded) than when the same training materials are sent by email (non-embedded); (b) users retain and transfer more knowledge after embedded training than after non-embedded training; and (c) users with higher Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) scores are more likely than users with lower CRT scores to click on the links in the phishing emails from companies with which they have no account.
A Dynamic Approach to Rebalancing Bike-Sharing Systems (2018)

Bike-sharing services are flourishing in Smart Cities worldwide. They provide a low-cost and environment-friendly transportation alternative and help reduce traffic congestion. However, these new services are still under development, and several challenges need to be solved. A major problem is the management of rebalancing trucks in order to ensure that bikes and stalls in the docking stations are always available when needed, despite the fluctuations in the service demand. In this work, we propose a dynamic rebalancing strategy that exploits historical data to predict the network conditions and promptly act in case of necessity. We use Birth-Death Processes to model the stations' occupancy and decide when to redistribute bikes, and graph theory to select the rebalancing path and the stations involved. We validate the proposed framework on the data provided by New York City's bike-sharing system. The numerical simulations show that a dynamic strategy able to adapt to the fluctuating nature of the network outperforms rebalancing schemes based on a static schedule.
A Vector Channel Model With Stochastic Fading Simulation (1999)

The simulation of wireless communication systems with multiple antennas requires a spatial channel model which reasonably characterizes the space and time variant effects of the mobile radio channel. This paper describes a vector channel model with stochastic fading simulation, which combines several advantages from purely stochastic and geometrical channel models. The resulting model is consistent with real world wireless channel characteristics and enables numerically efficient bit-level simulations. The channel model enables the investigation of several aspects of space-time-processing techniques. This includes the performance evaluation of space-time algorithms in dependence on time varying spatial channel characteristics and fading correlation effects between the antennas as well as the user tracking and separation abilities of those algorithms.
High resolution, large area flc display with high graphic performance (1991)

Abstract A high resolution (5 lines/mm) large area(l4inch) FLCD has been developed for use in various personal and office equipment like computer, workstation, wordprocessor and desktop-publishing systems etc. The 1280 × 1120 pixel screen is simply multiplexed, thus working at a 1/1120 duty rate.
Ueber das Verhalten einiger Diazo‐ und Diazoamidoverbindungen (1886)

monoacetylirten Diaminen abgeleiteten Diazoverbindungen eine verhiiltnifsmiifsig grofse Bestiindigkeit
Coupling Characteristics Between Single-Mode Fiber and Square Law Medium (1982)

The coupling characteristics between a single-mode fiber and a square law medium are theoretically and experimentally discussed in order to obtain the optimum coupling design for a variety of single-mode fiber optical devices using square law media. In theoretically analyzing coupling efficiency, it has been possible to evaluate a Gaussian beam, in a dielectric, which has passed through a square law medium with the help of mode-expansion technique and one of the generating functions of the Hermite polynomials. As a result, it has been possible to analytically obtain coupling efficiency even when the output beam from the single-mode fiber is off-axis and tilted. Through this analysis, it has been made clear that the ray matrix analysis used previously agrees with the analysis without the off-axis and tilt factors analyzed in this paper. The experimental results concerning the optimum coupling design, the off-axis characteristics, and the off-axis tolerances have been presented and agree well with the theoretical analysis.
Recognition of Synthetic 104-Mer and 102-Mer Peptides Corresponding to N- and C-Terminal Nonrepeat Regions of the Plasmodium Falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein by Sera from Human Donors (1996)

In the present work, we analyze the recognition of synthetic polypeptides encompassing the aminoterminal (amino acids 22-125) and the carboxy terminal (289-390) regions of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum by sera from donors living in endemic area of South America and Africa. Two populations were studied: one on the Colombian Pacific coast, with low endemicity for malaria; and a western African village exposed to a very intense transmission of P. falciparum. Antibodies directed to the two polypeptides were found at high titers in both populations. Furthermore, this response was observed in individuals lacking antibodies to the highly repetitive central sequence of the CS protein (NANP). The epitopes responsible for this recognition were mapped to the region 81-125 and 316-346 of the N- and C-termini, respectively. When the two populations were compared, both showed high titers of antibodies to the two flanking peptides. However, while 95% of the sera from African adults showed antibodies against the repeat region of the CS protein, only 37% of the Colombian adults studied had these antibodies. Furthermore, African donors of various ages exhibited different patterns of recognition of the two polypeptides. In African children less than five years of age, antibodies were found in comparable levels to Colombian adults; however, in older African donors, the response to NANP became dominant. These findings may reflect the skewing effect of the humoral response towards the central repetitive epitope under conditions of frequent exposure to malaria infections. The production of such polypeptides encompassing regions that contain multiple epitopes for antibodies, T helper, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes would be advantageous in the generation of new and more efficient malaria vaccines.
Steroid-Induced Adipogenesis in a Pluripotential Cell Line from Bone Marrow* (1997)

Steroid-induced adipogenesis by bone progenitor cells in marrow may influence the development of osteonecrosis. It is therefore important to consider the investigation of a treatment, such as the inhibition of the metabolism and accumulation of fat in marrow, that can prevent the onset of osteonecrosis.
Automatic speech recognition performance on a voicemail transcription task (2002)

We report on the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems on voicemail transcription. Voicemail is spontaneous telephone speech recorded over a variety of channels; consequently, it is representative of many challenging problems in speech recognition. In the course of working on this task, several algorithms were developed that focus on different components of an ASR system, including lexicon design, feature extraction, hypothesis search, and adaptation. We report the improvements provided by these techniques, as well as other standard techniques, on a voicemail test set. Although the techniques are benchmarked on voicemail test data, their scope is not restricted to this domain as they address fundamental aspects of the speech recognition process.
Operating temperatures of oil-lubricated medium-speed gears: Numerical models and experimental results (2003)

This paper investigates the effects of gear geometry, rotational speed and applied load, as well as lubrication conditions on surface temperature of high-speed gear teeth. The analytical approach and procedure for estimating frictional heat flux and heat transfer coefficients of gear teeth in high-speed operational conditions was developed and accounts for the effect of oil mist as a cooling medium. Numerical simulations of tooth temperature based on finite element analysis were established to investigate temperature distributions and variations over a range of applied load and rotational speed, which compared well with experimental measurements. A sensitivity analysis of surface temperature to gear configuration, frictional heat flux, heat transfer coefficients, and oil and ambient temperatures was conducted and the major parameters influencing surface temperature were evaluated.
Pillar-array based optical sensor (2010)

An optical microcavity based on pillar arrays has been fabricated in Si/SiO(2) material system. Transmission measurement was taken and a quality factor as high as 27,600 was observed. This cavity was tested for sensing applications by immersing into optical fluids with accurate refractive indices. For refractive index change of 0.01, a resonance peak wavelength shift of 3.5 nm was measured. We also compare cavities consisting of pillars with different aspect ratios.
Analysis of the effects of spherical aberration on ultrafast laser-induced refractive index variation in glass (2007)

We propose a comprehensive analysis of the effects that spherical aberration may have on the process of ultrafast laser photowriting in bulk transparent materials and discuss the consequences for the generated refractive index changes. Practical aspects for a longitudinal photowriting configuration are emphasized. Laser-induced index variation in BK7 optical glass and fused silica (a-SiO(2)) affected by spherical aberration are characterized experimentally using phase-contrast optical microscopy. Experimental data are matched by analytical equations describing light propagation through dielectric interfaces. Corrective solutions are proposed with a particular focus on the spatial resolution achievable and on the conditions to obtain homogeneously photo-induced waveguides in a longitudinal writing configuration.
Reverberation Time and Absorption Measurements with the High Speed Level Recorder (1934)

The high speed level recorder described by Messrs. Wente, Bedell and Swartzel may be used in many types of acoustical measurements. It is particularly well adapted to the measurement of reverberation time, however, because with a single interruption of the test tone a continuous curve of sound intensity during the decay period is obtained on a logarithmic scale. The level recorder has recently been modified so that measurements can be made through an intensity range as great as 90 db. This paper presents some data obtained with the level recorder on reverberation measurements in a sound chamber, and includes an investigation of the accuracy of the results as affected by the intensity range through which measurements are made, the use of rotating reflectors, warble tones, a number of loudspeaker and microphone positions, and a number of microphones simultaneously, placed at different locations in the chamber.
A fast and accurate characterization method for full-CMOS circuits (1992)

A fast and accurate method to determine delay, ramp (output rise/fall-time), power dissipation, and upper and lower noise margin values of full-CMOS circuits is presented. It is more than two orders of magnitude faster in comparison to conventional circuit simulations with an average error of 10% per logic cell. It can also deal with multiple time-overlapping inputs, a shortcoming of many current methods. >
A novel model-based rate-control method for portrait video coding (2005)

The rapid development of wireless networks and mobile devices has made mobile video communication a particularly promising service. We previously proposed an effective video form, scalable portrait video. In low-bandwidth conditions, portrait video possesses clearer shape, smoother motion, and much cheaper computational cost than discrete cosine transform (DCT)-based schemes. However, the bit rate of portrait video cannot be accurately modeled by a rate-distortion function as in DCT-based schemes. How to effectively control the bit rate is a hard challenge for portrait video. In this paper, we propose a novel model-based rate-control method. Although the coding parameters cannot be directly calculated from the target bit rate, we build a model between the bit-rate reduction and the percentage of less probable symbols (LPS) based on the principle of entropy coding, which is referred to as the LPS-rate model. We use this model to obtain the desired coding parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed method not only effectively controls the bit rate, but also significantly reduces the number of skipped frames. The principle of this method can also be applied to general bit plane coding in other image processing and video compression technologies.
An integrated CMOS polysilicon coil-based micro-Pirani gauge with high heat transfer efficiency (2002)

A micro-Pirani gauge with a heat transfer efficiency of 99% to the ambient has been fabricated in 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Device operation is based on the heat transfer from an active current-heated polysilicon coil to the ambient which includes a passive coil. The active coil temperature and hence, resistance, is modulated by the pressure or thermal conductivity of the surrounding gas. The device has a peak sensitivity of 400 mV/torr and its power ranges from 27 /spl mu/W at vacuum to 2 mW at 1 atm. Design and fabrication details of the structure are presented along with simulation and measurement results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
DESIGN OF COMPACT VIVALDI ANTENNA ARRAYS FOR UWB SEE THROUGH WALL APPLICATIONS (2008)

Two different types of Vivaldi antenna arrays have been designed for UWB see through wall applications. The first is a 16 1 antipodal Vivaldi antenna covering 8-12 GHz, and the second is an 81 tapered slot antenna for 2-4 GHz frequency range. The array elements are optimized to have a compact size and almost constant gain with frequency. Wilkinson power dividers were designed and fabricated to compose the feed network for the Vivaldi antenna arrays. Measured results of the manufactured antipodal and tapered slot Vivaldi antenna arrays are in excellent agreement with the simulated ones, with a gain of more than 13 dBi and 12 dBi respectively within their respective operating band. The first array is geared towards see through dry wall with high resolution, while the second is designed at lower frequencies to allow see through concrete wall applications. Full arrays were manufactured and connected to multi-throw switches and have been utilized as part of synthetic aperture radar.
Effective intrusion detection using multiple sensors in wireless ad hoc networks (2003)

In this paper we propose a distributed intrusion detection system for ad hoc wireless networks based on mobile agent technology. Wireless networks are particularly vulnerable to intrusion, as they operate in open medium, and use cooperative strategies for network communications. By efficiently merging audit data from multiple network sensors, we analyze the entire ad hoc wireless network for intrusions and try to inhibit intrusion attempts. In contrast to many intrusion detection systems designed for wired networks, we implement an efficient and bandwidth-conscious framework that targets intrusion at multiple levels and takes into account distributed nature of ad hoc wireless network management and decision policies.
Systemic tetracyclines in the treatment of noninfected corneal ulcers: a case report and proposed new mechanism of action. (1985)

Corneal melting refers to a condition in patients whose corneas undergo progressive necrosis of stromal tissue despite being culture negative. Recent evidence has shown that systemic tetracyclines demonstrate anti-collagenolytic activity that may have clinical effectiveness in disease treatment. The evidence led us to try this modality as adjunct therapy in the treatment of an 80-year-old white man with a noninfected corneal ulcer. One gram of tetracycline in four divided doses led to a dramatic resolution of the corneal ulcer. This positive result supports the new concept that tetracycline therapy inhibits tissue collagenolytic enzyme activity by a mechanism unrelated to its antibacterial efficacy and may prove useful in the treatment of nonspecific corneal ulceration.
Neue Schnellmethode zur Halogenbestimmung in organischen Substanzen (1952)

Abstract In Anlehnung an die Voigtsche Lampe wurde eine Quarzglasapparatur entwickelt, bei der die vergaste Substanz bzw. ihre Verbrennungsprodukte durch eine Leuchtgasflamme geleitet und die Reaktionsprodukte in einer Vorlage aufgefangen werden. Es gelingt mit ihrer Hilfe, den Halogengehalt halogenreicher organischer Substanzen (z. B. CCl 4 ) in kurzer Zeit sehr genau zu bestimmen.
Optoelectronic devices for terahertz amplification and oscillation (2004)

In the terahertz (THz) frequency range, compact and coherent solid-state light sources are required for various applications. In this paper, a resonant tunneling diode oscillator integrated with a slot antenna, its oscillation in sub-THz range, and feasibility of the terahertz oscillation are reported. Theoretical characteristics of the fabricated device were in very good agreement with measurements. Higher oscillation frequency beyond 1 THz is feasible from this result. Proposal of a THz three-terminal device is also shown.
Extension to Weighted Round Robin Packet Scheduling for Variable-length Packet Networks (1999)

An extended version of weighted round robin scheduling algorithm for variable length packets is discussed. This can serve each flow fairly even if the length of packets varies. Further, an adaptive scheduling algorithm for bursty traffic is added to bette
1 Gbit/s MIMO-OFDM transmission experiments (2005)

S.861-866
Hypoxia‐Activated Prodrugs of PERK Inhibitors (2019)

Tumour hypoxia plays an important role in tumour progression and resistance to therapy. Under hypoxia unfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and this stress is relieved through the protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK) signalling arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Targeting the UPR through PERK kinase inhibitors provides tumour growth inhibition, but also elicits on-mechanism normal tissue toxicity. Hypoxia presents a target for tumour-selective drug delivery using hypoxia-activated prodrugs. We designed and prepared hypoxia-activated prodrugs of modified PERK inhibitors using a 2-nitroimidazole bioreductive trigger. The new inhibitors retained PERK kinase inhibitory activity and the corresponding prodrugs were strongly deactivated. The prodrugs were able to undergo fragmentation following radiolytic reduction, or bioreduction in HCT116 cells, to release their effectors, albeit inefficiently. We examined the effects of the prodrugs on PERK signalling in hypoxic HCT116 cells. This study has identified a 2-substituted nitroimidazole carbamate prodrug with potential to deliver PERK inhibitors in a hypoxia-selective manner.
Procedures for Selecting Items for Computerized Adaptive Tests (1989)

Abstract Many procedures have been developed for selecting the "best" items for a computerized adaptive test. There is a trend toward the use of adaptive testing in applied settings such as licensure tests, program entrance tests, and educational tests. It is useful to consider procedures for item selection and the special needs of applied testing settings to facilitate test design. The current study reviews several classical approaches and alternative approaches to item selection and discusses their relative merit. This study also describes procedures for constrained computerized adaptive testing (C-CAT) that may be added to classical item selection approaches to allow them to be used for applied testing, while maintaining the high measurement precision and short test length that made adaptive testing attractive to practitioners initially.
Rheumatoid factors in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. (1992)

Rheumatoid factors (RF) participate in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by formation of immune complexes. IgM-RF form complement activating immune complexes with IgG-containing antigen-antibody complexes. IgG-RF form unique immune complexes without the presence of separate antigen molecules. The specificities of RF in rheumatoid arthritis have subtle differences from RF formed by B cell neoplasms. Immune deposits in rheumatoid articular cartilage have high potential for generating inflammation and contain RF. The immune deposits in articular cartilage need to be characterized further, and the mechanisms that initiate and perpetuate RF production in patients with rheumatoid arthritis should be elucidated.
Kernel-Density-Based Clustering of Time Series Subsequences Using a Continuous Random-Walk Noise Model (2006)

Noise levels in time series subsequence data are typically very high, and properties of the noise differ front those of white noise. The proposed algorithm incorporates a continuous random-walk noise model into kernel-density-based clustering. Evaluation is done by testing to what extent the resulting clusters are predictive of the process that generated the time series. It is shown that the new algorithm not only outperforms partitioning techniques that lead to trivial and unsatisfactory results under the given quality measure, but also improves upon other density-based algorithms. The results suggest that the noise elimination properties of kernel-density-based clustering algorithms can be of significant value for the use of clustering in preprocessing of data.