gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New business to business interaction (2009)

We present a new multimodal interaction sequence for a mobile multimodal Business-to-Business interaction system. A mobile client application on the iPhone supports users in accessing an online service marketplace and allows business experts to intuitively search and browse for services using natural language speech and gestures while on the go. For this purpose, we utilize an ontology-based multimodal dialogue platform as well as an integrated trainable gesture recognizer.
Properties and Uses of Alkanesulfonic Acids (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties and Uses of Alkanesulfonic AcidsW. A. Proell, C. E. Adams, and B. H. ShoemakerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1948, 40, 6, 1129–1132Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50462a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50462a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views239Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fast and accurate hierarchical radiosity using global visibility (1999)

Recent hierarchical global illumination algorithms permit the generation of images with a high degree of realism. Nonetheless, appropriate refinement of light transfers, high quality meshing, and accurate visibility calculation can be challenging tasks. This is particularly true for scenes containing multiple light sources and scenes lit mainly by indirect light. We present solutions to these problems by extending a global visibility data structure, the Visibility Skeleton. This extension allows us to calculate exact point-to-polygon form-factors at vertices created by subdivision. The structures also provides visibility information for all light interactions, allowing intelligent refinement strategies. High-quality meshing is effected based on a perceptualy based ranking strategy which results in appropriate insertions of discontinuity curves into the meshes representing illumination. We introduce a hierarchy of triangulations that allows the generation of a hierarchical radiosity solution using accurate visibility and meshing. Results of our implementation show that our new algorithm produces high quality view-independent lighting solutions for direct illumination, for scenes with multiple lights and also scenes lit mainly by indirect illumination.
Effect of 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on calcium absorption in proximal small intestine in uraemia. (1978)

pyramidal signs.Delayed myelopathy has been described as a compli- cation of severe electrical burns.4Spastic paraplegia5 and quadriplegia have been recorded secondary to electrical injury but not after lightning injury.We ascribe the delay of 36 hours before the onset of symptoms in our patient to oedema of the spinal cord.
Error resilience of a video codec for low bitrates (2003)

Source coding and channel coding are embedded in a video coding algorithm for low bitrates (64 kb/s) to obtain a complete encoder which is resilient against channel errors. The bits retained for the channel coder are spent for synchronization words, error correction, and update of erroneous parts in the image. The performance of the complete codec is evaluated by simulations in which channels with different characteristics are modeled.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A two stage detection module for traffic signs (2008)

At present the general shape based detection of traffic signs is an unsolved problem. Approaches that exist either concentrate on a particular shape (e.g. Hough transform for circles) or suffer from a high computational demand (see e.g. [1]). This paper presents a time efficient approach that can be used to detect traffic signs with a shape that can be described as a regular polygon or a circle. The major contribution that leads to a time efficient behavior is the introduction of a two-stage detection approach. In the first stage, just the property symmetry is explored to detect candidate regions. In the second step, regular polygons (including circles) can be found.
Molecular Interpenetration within the Columnar Structure of Crystalline Anilino-β-cyclodextrin (2000)

A single crystal of mono(6-anilino-6-deoxy)-beta-cyclodextrin was prepared, and its crystal structure was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis, which clearly revealed that the anilino groups are consecutively included intermolecularly into the adjacent cyclodextrin cavities in the crystal, thus giving rise to a consolidated column, located on a 2(1)-screw axis.
A Simple Allylic Amination Procedure and the Metathesis of N-Sulfinylcarbamates (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Simple Allylic Amination Procedure and the Metathesis of N-SulfinylcarbamatesThomas J. Katz and Shuhao ShiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 26, 8297–8298Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00105a063https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00105a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views429Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Run length coding based new approach to automatic image thresholding (2002)

Image thresholding (or binarization) is a basic type of image segmentation capability. To represent binary image objects, run length coding (RL) is frequently utilized. The RL-based adaptive approach is used as a binarization method to obtain the satisfied image intensity discontinuity. Having obtaining the adjustable RL, a multilayer network based on fuzzy inference mechanism is utilized to determine the optimal threshold by use of the global feature measures of the original image. The implementation results show that very visually satisfied results are obtained by the authors' approach. Comparison with other thresholding methods shows that the generalized RL method is able to determine visually satisfied threshold, to reserve the desired detail texture of original image, and is insensitive to various noises in original images.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Two‐year evaluation of clinical and laboratory variables of immune function in 117 hemophiliacs seropositive or seronegative for HIV‐1 (1989)

Fifty-nine HIV-1 antibody positive and 58 antibody negative hemophiliacs were evaluated over a 2 year study period to gain insight into the natural history and prognosis of HIV-1 disease in members of this risk group. Mean CD4 (Leu 3+) cell counts calculated at 6 month intervals decreased gradually in seropositive patients (from 403 to 311/microliters) whereas CD8 (Leu 2+) counts remained stable but above the normal range. CD4 cell counts correlated closely with advancing CDC clinical stage; CD8 numbers showed no such association, but were markedly lower in the six patients with overt AIDS. Serum P24 antigenemia was associated with low CD4 cell counts and with advanced clinical stage (58% of antigenemic and 14% of non-antigenemic seropositive patients were in stage IV). In addition to CD4 cell counts, significant reductions in Leu 11+ natural killer cell (NK) subsets and in Leu 3 + 8 - cells occurred in seropositive patients over the study period; Leu 2 + DR + cells increased significantly. When expressed as a percentage of lymphocytes, the reduction in Leu 19 + NK cells was also significant, as were the increases in Leu 4 + DR + cells and Leu 12 + 8 + B cells. In summary, declining CD4 cell numbers and percentages are valuable markers of progressive HIV-1 disease in hemophiliacs, but may not always accurately reflect the degree of disease activity. Progressive changes in additional variables such as serum P24 antigen, and numbers and percentages of NK cell subsets and (as AIDS supervenes) CD8 cell numbers, may allow more precise monitoring of HIV-1 disease. This will, in turn, facilitate the design of optimal individualized strategies for therapeutic intervention.
Ablation of Silicone Rubber Using UV-Nanosecond and IR-Femtosecond Lasers (2004)

Silicone rubber was ablated by an ArF laser, the forth harmonics of Nd:YAG, and a Ti:sapphire laser for microdrilling. The fs-Ti:sapphire laser ablated the sample at a rate higher than those of the other lasers, in the fluence range of approximately 0.15–2.0 J/cm 2 . No chemical denaturation was observed after irradiation using each laser. The UV-ArF laser ablated the irradiated area precisely, making the surface flat and smooth.
A digital-intensive F/PLL-based two-point modulator with a constant-gain DCO for linear FMCW generation (2015)

This paper describes a frequency and phase-locked loop (F/PLL) based two-point modulator architecture for FMCW generation. A semi-digital ΔΣ PLL without a linear TDC is designed to form a nested-loop DCO with a constant gain in the F/PLL. A frequency error caused by a time-varying phase offset in the analog control path with a long modulation period can be mitigated by the loop gain of the frequency-locked loop (FLL). A prototype two-point modulator implemented in 0.18μm CMOS achieves frequency accuracy of <;100kHzrms for >10ms modulation period, showing that the proposed F/PLL can be a useful module for accurate detection and high velocity resolution FMCW radar systems.
Ibm websphere v4.0 advanced edition: scalability and availability (2002)

Select a starting topology for your WebSphere Web site Workload manage Web server, servlet and EJB requests Explore high availability and security options This redbook discusses various options for scaling applications based on IBM WebSphere Application Server V4.0, Advanced Edition . The objective of this book is to explore how the basic configuration can be extended to provide more computing power, by better exploiting the power of each machine and by using multiple machines. It examines a number of techniques, including: - Using the WebSphere Web server plug-in to distribute the load from one Web server to multiple application server clones - Using IBM Network Dispatcher to distribute the load between multiple Web servers - Using the WebSphere EJB workload management facility to distribute the load at the EJB level - Using firewalls and WebSphere security in a multi-machine environment - Using clustering solutions such as HACMP to meet the high availability needs of critical applications This book provides step-by-step instructions for implementing a sample multiple-machine environment. We use this environment to illustrate most of WebSphere Application Server V4.0, Advanced Edition 's workload management and scalability features.
Lack of toxicity of chromium chloride and chromium picolinate in rats. (1997)

These data demonstrate a lack of toxicity of trivalent Cr, at levels that are on a per kg basis, several thousand times the upper limit of the estimated safe and adequate daily dietary intake for humans. Animals consuming the picolinate supplemented diets had several-fold higher Cr concentrations in both the liver and kidney than those fed Cr chloride.
Pyrimidines. 95. Occurrence of ring opening in the reactions of some 2,6-disubstituted purines with potassium amide in liquid ammonia (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrimidines. 95. Occurrence of ring opening in the reactions of some 2,6-disubstituted purines with potassium amide in liquid ammoniaNico J. Kos and Henk C. Van der PlasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 8, 1207–1210Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00156a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00156a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antibody response of calves to immunoaffinity-purified bovine respiratory syncytial virus VP70 after vaccination and challenge exposure (1992)

Immunoaffinity-purified bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) fusion (F) protein elicited anti-BRSV-specific antibody responses in BRSV-seronegative calves. After primary vaccination, all calves seroconverted to BRSV as determined by the virus neutralization (VN) test and developed anti-F protein antibodies detectable by protein immunoblot analyses. Subsequent vaccinations induced greater than twofold increase in VN titer in 3 of 9 (33%) calves, and 1 calf became VN-negative, but still had nonneutralizing antibody detectable by protein immunoblot analysis. This calf remained seronegative after challenge exposure. Two groups of calves were vaccinated IM with immunoaffinity-purified BRSV F protein. Each dose was 2 ml containing 20 micrograms of purified F protein. Freund's adjuvants were used for all vaccinations, with Freund's complete adjuvant used for the primary vaccination and Freund's incomplete adjuvant for subsequent vaccinations. The vaccine was administered to both groups at weeks 0 and 3; the first group received a third vaccination at weeks 21. Group-1 and -2 vaccinated calves and non-vaccinated contact controls were intranasally aerosol challenge-exposed with low cell culture-passage BRSV on weeks 22 and 9, respectively. Eight of 9 vaccinated calves did not develop a humoral anamnestic response following challenge exposure, as demonstrated by VN test and protein immunoblot analyses. Calf 14 from group 1 which had a 1:2 VN antibody titer prior to vaccination, was the only calf that developed an anamnestic response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Real-Time Integrated Backscatter Measurement System for Quantitative Cardiac Tissue Characterization (1986)

Abstmct-To quantify integrated backscatter of ultrasound for realtime tissue characterization of myocardium in vivo an analog system that is used in conjunction with a two-dimensionaliM-mode echocardingraphic imager was developed and evaluated. The system measures the energy contained in a portion of the received rf signal from a selected myocardial segment with a CdS acoustoelectric detector. A standard substitution technique is used to calibrate the system relative to a stainless steel reflector. Integrated backscatter is sampled at 5 ms intervals, its time-variation recorded and simultaneously integrated to yield the time-averaged integrated backscatter. Both time-varying and time-averaged integrated backscatter are displayed in real-time. Timeaveraged integrated backscatter in five dogs was -54 f 2.4 dB (SD). Cyclic variations during the cardiac cycle ranged from 5-10 dB. Both the time-averaged and time-varying features of integrated backscatter are consistent with values obtained with earlier measurement systems that required off-line analysis of data. The real-time data acquisition system developed should facilitate clinical tissue characterization with ultrasonic backscatter.
A 1024-Channel CMOS Microelectrode Array With 26,400 Electrodes for Recording and Stimulation of Electrogenic Cells In Vitro (2014)

To advance our understanding of the functioning of neuronal ensembles, systems are needed to enable simultaneous recording from a large number of individual neurons at high spatiotemporal resolution and good signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, stimulation capability is highly desirable for investigating, for example, plasticity and learning processes. Here, we present a microelectrode array (MEA) system on a single CMOS die for <i>in vitro</i> recording and stimulation. The system incorporates 26,400 platinum electrodes, fabricated by in-house post-processing, over a large sensing area (3.85 × 2.10 mm<sup>2</sup>) with sub-cellular spatial resolution (pitch of 17.5 μm). Owing to an area and power efficient implementation, we were able to integrate 1024 readout channels on chip to record extracellular signals from a user-specified selection of electrodes. These channels feature noise values of 2.4 μV<sub>rms</sub> in the action-potential band (300 Hz-10 kHz) and 5.4 μV<sub>rms</sub> in the local-field-potential band (1 Hz-300 Hz), and provide programmable gain (up to 78 dB) to accommodate various biological preparations. Amplified and filtered signals are digitized by 10 bit parallel single-slope ADCs at 20 kSamples/s. The system also includes 32 stimulation units, which can elicit neural spikes through either current or voltage pulses. The chip consumes only 75 mW in total, which obviates the need of active cooling even for sensitive cell cultures.
Strain hardening of high density polyethylene (2007)

Abstract The introduction of true stress strain measurements, at constant strain rate, has promoted the development of empirical or semiempirical models for large deformations in thermoplastics. One such theory, which proposes that the post yield deformation process can be represented by equations derived from the theories of rubber elasticity, has been successfully applied to several glassy polymers. Unexpectedly, it can also model the post yield deformation of many different grades of polyethylene, even when rubber theory is employed in the simplest Gaussian form. Strain hardening is then represented by the single strain hardening coefficient Gp. Examples are given of this equation, which can be modified to give the true engineering or nominal stress σ n and then be differentiated to give dσ n /dλ = Gp − Y 0 / λ 2 + 2Gp / λ 3 , where Y 0 is the yield stress and λ the extension ratio. Negative values of this differential then predict the onset of necking in tension and positive values stabilization of the neck. The relation of Gp to molecular weight is then discussed using literature measurements for polyethylenes of differing molecular weight and similar molecular weight distributions. When these results are then plotted, a strong dependency of Gp on molecular weight is observed. Some implications of these measurements are then considered. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1090–1099, 2007
Murine Insulinoma Cell Line With Normal Glucose-Regulated Insulin Secretion (1993)

Pancreatic beta TC lines derived from insulinomas arising in transgenic mice expressing SV40 Tag under control of the insulin promoter manifest a differentiated beta-cell phenotype and secrete insulin in response to glucose. Previously reported beta TC lines respond to subphysiological extracellular glucose levels compared with normal beta-cells. Recently, several beta TC lines were developed with normal glucose-regulated insulin secretion from insulinomas obtained by breeding of the RIP-Tag transgene from the original C57BI/6 mouse strain into the C3HeB/FeJ strain. One of these beta TC lines, beta TC7, was characterized in detail. Beta TC7 cells express GLUT2 and have levels of glucokinase and hexokinase activity similar to those of normal islets. As a result these cells exhibit a normal glucose concentration dependency for glycolysis and insulin secretion, thus representing an accurate model of beta-cell function. On continuous propagation in culture, beta TC7 cells acquired a response to lower extracellular glucose levels. This change was associated with a fourfold increase in hexokinase activity, without significant changes in glucokinase activity and glucose uptake rates. These findings suggest an important role for glucose phosphorylation rates in regulation of the beta-cell insulin secretory response to glucose.
Islet-reactive T cells are a marker of preclinical insulin-dependent diabetes. (1992)

The destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to be T cell mediated. To directly identify islet-reactive T cells in asymptomatic, "preclinical" IDDM individuals with islet cell antibodies (ICA), proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was measured in the presence of sonicated fetal pig proislets. Stimulation indices (mean +/- SD) for [3H]thymidine uptake by PBMC cultured with sonicated proislets were: preclinical IDDM subjects (n = 22) 6.10 +/- 6.50, recent-onset IDDM subjects (n = 29) 3.66 +/- 3.35, Graves' disease subjects (n = 6) 2.17 +/- 0.93, scleroderma subjects (n = 4) 1.65 +/- 0.19 and normal control subjects (n = 14) 1.63 +/- 0.62. 68% (15/22) of preclinical IDDM, 41% (12/29) of recent-onset IDDM and 17% (1/6) of Graves' disease subjects had T cell reactivity greater than the mean + 2 SD of controls. T cell reactivity to proislets was tissue specific, and greater in magnitude and frequency than to human insulin. The majority of preclinical subjects with ICA greater than 20 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation (JDF) units (12/15, 80%) or antibodies to a 64-kD islet autoantigen (11/15, 73%) had significant T cell reactivity to proislets. ICA greater than 40 JDF units, a strong prognostic marker for progression to clinical IDDM, was an absolute index of T cell reactivity. Overall, the frequency of T cell reactivity in preclinical subjects, 68% (15/22), was comparable to that of ICA greater than 20 JDF units or 64-kD antibodies. Greater T cell reactivity to proislets in preclinical subjects accords with the natural history of autoimmune beta cell destruction. The direct assay of islet-reactive T cells in peripheral blood may have prognostic significance for the development of clinical IDDM and should facilitate identification of the primary target autoantigen(s).