gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zalypsis: a novel marine-derived compound with potent antimyeloma activity that reveals high sensitivity of malignant plasma cells to DNA double-strand breaks (2008)

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable, and new drugs with novel mechanisms of action are still needed. In this report, we have analyzed the action of Zalypsis, an alkaloid analogous to certain natural marine compounds, in MM. Zalypsis turned out to be the most potent antimyeloma agent we have tested so far, with IC(50) values from picomolar to low nanomolar ranges. It also showed remarkable ex vivo potency in plasma cells from patients and in MM cells in vivo xenografted in mice. Besides the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, Zalypsis provoked DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), evidenced by an increase in phospho-histone-H2AX and phospho-CHK2, followed by a striking overexpression of p53 in p53 wild-type cell lines. In addition, in those cell lines in which p53 was mutated, Zalypsis also provoked DSBs and induced cell death, although higher concentrations were required. Immunohistochemical studies in tumors also demonstrated histone-H2AX phosphorylation and p53 overexpression. Gene expression profile studies were concordant with these results, revealing an important deregulation of genes involved in DNA damage response. The potent in vitro and in vivo antimyeloma activity of Zalypsis uncovers the high sensitivity of tumor plasma cells to DSBs and strongly supports the use of this compound in MM patients.
Thymic selection of the human T cell receptor V beta repertoire in SCID-hu mice. (1992)

Implantation of pieces of human fetal liver and thymus into SCID mice results in the development of a human thymus-like organ, in which sustained lymphopoiesis is reproducibly observed. In this model, T cell development can be experimentally manipulated. To study the influence of thymic selection on the development of the human T cell repertoire, the T cell receptor (TCR) V beta gene repertoire of double-positive (CD4+CD8+) and single-positive (CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+) T cells was analyzed in the SCID-hu thymus using a multiprobe ribonuclease protection assay. TCR diversity in double-positive SCID-hu thymocytes was found to be comparable with that present in the thymus of the fetal liver donor, did not change with time, and was independent of the origin of the thymus donor. Thymic selection in SCID-hu thymus induces changes in V beta usage by the single-positive CD4+ or CD8+ T cells comparable with those previously reported for single-positive cells present in a normal human thymus. Finally, significant differences were observed in the V beta usage by CD4 or CD8 single-positive T cells that matured from genetically identical stem cells in different thymic environments. Collectively, these data suggest: first, that the generation of TCR diversity at the double-positive stage is determined by the genotype of the stem cells; and second, that polymorphic determinants expressed by thymic epithelium measurably influence the V beta repertoire of mature single-positive T cells.
Histogram and Watershed Based Segmentation of Color Images (2002)

A novel method for color image segmentation is proposed in this paper. The method is based on the segmentation of each color plane independently using a watershed based thresholding of the plane histograms. The segmentation maps obtained for each color plane are fused together according to a fusion operator taking into account a concordance of the labels of each segmentation map. This operator produces a fused segmentation map containing labeled and unlabeled pixels which is used as an image of seeds for a region growing method : the color watershed. The color watershed produces the final segmentation of the initial image. This segmentation scheme is experimented using several types of medical images and results in a fast and robust segmentation.
Neural Correlates of Motor Learning, Transfer of Learning, and Learning to Learn (2009)

Recent studies on the neural bases of sensorimotor adaptation demonstrate that the cerebellar and striatal thalamocortical pathways contribute to early learning. Transfer of learning involves a reduction in the contribution of early learning networks and increased reliance on the cerebellum. The neural correlates of learning to learn remain to be determined but likely involve enhanced functioning of the general aspects of early learning.
The Transplanted Heart (2001)

Heart transplantation is now firmly established as a treatment option for some patients with end-stage heart disease.


Five-year survival rates following heart transplantation in many centers now exceed 70%.


Exercise testing with measurement of peak oxygen consumption is a useful adjunct in assessing the need for transplantation.


The most common maintenance immunosuppression regimen following heart transplantation uses cyclosporine, azathioprine, and prednisone in combination.


The leading cause of death beyond the first year after transplantation is accelerated coronary artery disease, a process believed to represent a form of “chronic rejection.”
[Construction and Identification of DNA vaccine containing chimeric gene gag-gp120 of HIV-1]. (2003)

The DNA vaccine plasmid expressing chimeric gene gag-gp120 was successfully constructed, which lays the foundation for preparing DNA vaccine against HIV-1.
Synthesis of molybdenum-rhodium and molybdenum-iridium compounds linked by a heterodifunctional ligand and formation of molybdenum-iridium dihydrides by reaction with molecular hydrogen (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of molybdenum-rhodium and molybdenum-iridium compounds linked by a heterodifunctional ligand and formation of molybdenum-iridium dihydrides by reaction with molecular hydrogenCharles P. Casey, R. Morris Bullock, and Francois NiefCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 26, 7574–7580Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00364a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00364a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views356Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fibrinogen, a modulator of erythrocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium. (1983)

The high incidence of thrombosis in inflammatory states and previous reports of increased adhesion of erythrocytes to endothelial cells in diabetes mellitus and sickle cell anemia prompted us to study the effect of fibrinogen and fibronectin on erythrocyte-endothelial interactions. Purified human fibrinogen enhanced erythrocyte adhesion in a concentration-dependent fashion. Erythrocytes from normal subjects, diabetics, and patients with sickle cell anemia were studied. The ratio between the adhesion of normal red cells in a 4 gm/L fibrinogen to adhesion in buffer without fibrinogen was 3.6 (p less than 0.001). Fibronectin also increased red cell adhesion but the effect was less than that of fibrinogen. The addition of fibronectin to fibrinogen limited the enhancing effect of fibrinogen, although the effect of the mixture was greater than that of fibronectin alone (p less than 0.05). Anti-von Willebrand factor and antifibronectin, which react with endothelial cells, also produced an increase in erythrocyte adhesion. The potentiation of adhesion by fibrinogen was also seen in experiments using red cells from patients with sickle cell anemia or diabetes mellitus. These observations provide possible mechanisms for the involvement of plasma proteins in vascular occlusive diseases.
Pronouns in Marital Interaction (2005)

Recent studies in social psychology have found that the frequency of certain words in people's speech and writing is related to psychological aspects of their personal health. We investigated whether counts of "self" and "other" pronouns used by 59 couples engaged in a problem-solving discussion were related to indices of marital health. One spouse in each couple had a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder or panic disorder with agoraphobia; 50% of the patients and 40% of their spouses reported marital dissatisfaction. Regardless of patients' diagnostic status, spouses who used more second-person pronouns were more negative during interactions, whereas those who used more first-person plural pronouns produced more positive problem solutions, even when negative behavior was statistically controlled. Moreover, use of first-person singular pronouns was positively associated with marital satisfaction. These findings suggest that pronouns used by spouses during conflict-resolution discussions provide insight into the quality of their interactions and marriages.
A New Provably Secure Authentication and Key Agreement Mechanism for SIP Using Certificateless Public-key Cryptography. (2007)

Abstract. The session initiation protocol (SIP) is considered as the dominant signaling protocol for calls over the internet. However, SIP authentication typically uses HTTP digest authentication, which is vulnerable to many forms of known attacks. This paper proposes a new secure authentication and key agreement mechanism based on certificateless public-key cryptography, named as SAKA, between two previously unknown parties, which provides stronger security assurances for SIP authentication and media stream, and is provably secure in the CK security model. Due to using certificateless public key cryptography, SAKA effectively avoids the requirement of a large Public Key Infrastructure and conquers the key escrow problem in previous schemes.
Growth of single crystal epitaxial silicides on silicon by the use of template layers (1983)

A novel crystal growth technique for silicide epitaxy is presented which utilizes thin silicide (&lt;60 Å) template layers to pin the subsequent growth under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Single crystal NiSi2 films can be grown with either type A or type B orientations on Si (111). Continuous single crystal NiSi2 is grown on Si (100) with a flat interface and uniform thickness. Thick CoSi2 can be grown on Si (111) by a similar process using thicker templates.
Reversible data embedding using a difference expansion (2003)

Reversible data embedding has drawn lots of interest recently. Being reversible, the original digital content can be completely restored. We present a novel reversible data-embedding method for digital images. We explore the redundancy in digital images to achieve very high embedding capacity, and keep the distortion low.
Ketogenic treatment reduces deleted mitochondrial DNAs in cultured human cells (2004)

Abstract Impairment of mitochondrial energy metabolism has been associated with a wide range of human disorders. Large‐scale partial deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cause sporadic Kearns–Sayre syndrome, a fatal multisystem disorder, in which the majority of mtDNAs in affected tissues have deletions (Δ‐mtDNAs). Since most mtDNA‐related diseases, including Kearns–Sayre syndrome, are recessive, only a few wild‐type mtDNAs can compensate for the deleterious effects of many Δ‐mtDNAs. We have developed a pharmacological approach to reduce the proportion of Δ‐mtDNAs in vitro, in which we grow cells in medium containing ketone bodies, replacing glucose as the carbon source. Cells containing 100% Δ‐mtDNA died after 5 days of treatment, whereas those containing 100% wild‐type mtDNA survived. Furthermore, in a cloned heteroplasmic cell line, the proportion of wild‐type mtDNA increased from 13% initially to approximately 22% after 5 days in ketogenic medium and was accompanied by a dramatic improvement in mitochondrial protein synthesis. We also present evidence that treatment with ketone bodies caused “heteroplasmic shifting” not only among cells (ie, intercellular selection) but also within cells (ie, intracellular selection). The demonstration that ketone bodies can distinguish between normal and respiratorily compromised cells points to the potential use of a ketogenic diet to treat patients with heteroplasmic mtDNA disorders. Ann Neurol 2004
Fast Multiple Frame Photography (1953)

A new principle has been applied to the optical systems of cameras so that series of photographs can be recorded at high speed without complex equipment. A plate embossed with a large number of small lenses is used to dissect the picture into small elements. These are all recorded simultaneously on a plate, but each element is separated from its neighbours by a distance that is large compared with the size of the element. Many successive pictures may be similarly dissected and recorded on the same plate interlaced with the others. The displacement of successive images with respect to the plate need only be as great as the width of a single picture element. The displacement is produced by altering the direction in which light falls on the lenticular plate, and this alteration may be achieved mechanically or optically. Using the simplest mechanical arrangement series of 200 photographs have been taken at 50,000 per second of objects that are self-luminous or that are separately illuminated. In each picture there are 40,000 picture elements-a resolution of 200 lines across the field in each dimension. For transparence or silhouette photography mechanically moving parts can be entirely eliminated. The displacement of the picture elements for separation of the individual frames is achieved by movement of the light source. In some forms of the apparatus the source of light is the luminous spot of a cathode ray tube. Series of 200 pictures have been recorded at 200,000 per second. The exposure time and the rate of taking pictures can be independently controlled. Synchro-nization with the phenomenon is simple. In other forms of the apparatus a short trail of lead aiide was used as a moving source of light. Twenty pictures were recorded at 4.000,000 per second. The cameras can all be used to unscramble the composite record for slow motion viewing and for conventional printing of individual pictures.It has been possible to construct simple apparatus which may be used in any one of the ways described. It is a versatile and powerful weapon for the attack of a wide range of physical problems.
Regulation of Limbal Keratinocyte Proliferation and Differentiation by TAp63 and ΔNp63 Transcription Factors (2005)

TAp63 and DeltaNp63 affect the proliferation of limbal keratinocytes by a different mechanism. The inhibition by TAp63 antisense oligos appeared to be secondary to the promotion of cell differentiation. In contrast, the inhibition by DeltaNp63 antisense oligos appeared to be independent of cell differentiation.
New vectors for simplified construction of BrdU‐Incorporating strains of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2006)

The thymidine analogue BrdU is a powerful tool for analysing nucleotide incorporation in studies of DNA replication or repair. S. cerevisiae lacks the thymidine salvage pathway that enables efficient cellular uptake and incorporation of thymidine analogues into DNA. Recent in vivo reconstitution of this pathway in yeast by high-level expression of Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) or combined expression of HSV-TK and human equilibrative nucleoside transporter (hENT1) has enabled analysis of BrdU incorporation in yeast. While the BrdU incorporation systems are highly valuable, the construction and use of strains utilizing these systems can be complicated by specific requirements of the available systems. We have created a set of vectors that simplify the construction and use of BrdU-Incorporating (BrdU-Inc) strains of budding yeast. Each vector in the set contains HSV-TK and hENT1 under the control of promoters that express constitutively, and one of four different selectable markers (HIS3, TRP1, LEU2 or URA3) for genomic integration. With these BrdU-Inc vectors, one-step integration of a single copy produces yeast that efficiently incorporate BrdU upon its addition to the medium. These vectors ease strain construction and maintenance, thereby facilitating routine use of BrdU for analysis in yeast.
Rural dispensing. (1973)

Effects of Antibiotics on Oestrogen Metabolism SIR,-Ampicillin,1 phenoxymethylpenicillin,2 and neomycin3 have been shown to decrease urinary oestriol output in normal human pregnancy.We have explored this matter further by employing a new gas chromatographic method4 which enables the four known urinary oestriol conjugates to be measured separately.Six healthy mothers 33-37 weeks pregnant were given 0 5 g of ampicillin orally four tines daily on three successive days.The mean urinary oestriol output decreased to an average of 69% of the pretreatment level on the second, third, and fourth days after starting the ampicillin treatment.The results indicate that the diminished excretion of one conjugate, oestriol-3-glucuronide, accounted for approximately 90% of this decrease.Oestriol-3-glucuronide is formed in the in- testinal mucosal cells5 6 and its formation is dependent on the reabsorption of biliary oestriol in the intestinal tract.Thus ampicillin interferes with the enterohepatic circula- tion of oestrogens, impairing the synthesis of oestriol-3-glucuronide.The antibiotic probably exerts its effect by changing the composition of the intestinal microflora.It is of interest that another antibiotic, rifampicin, causes contraceptive failures when given to women taking oral contraceptives (Breuer, personal communication).Thus administra- tion of antibiotics may cause unexpected complications through their effect on oestro- gen metabolismn.-Weare, etc.,
Spatiotemporal patterns of Musashi1 expression during inner ear development (2004)

Musashi1 (Msi 1) is an RNA binding protein associated with asymmetric cell divisions in neural progenitor cells. To investigate the involvement of Msi1 in the inner ear development, we studied the expression of Msi1 in mouse inner ears with RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry revealed that Msi1 was expressed in all otocyst cells at embryonic day (E) 10 and 12. Msi1 immunoreactivity became lost in hair cells after E14 in vestibule and after E16 in cochlea, whereas it persisted in supporting cells until adulthood. The subcellular localization of Msi1 changed from "cytoplasmic predominance" to "nuclear predominance" during the first 2 weeks after birth. The present data suggested that Msi may play a role in inner ear development.
Materials Experience in Methanol Reforming Units (1997)

Abstract Metallurgical evaluations were performed on samples of Type 310 and aluminized 304 SS after long-term, high temperature exposure in methanol reforming service. The secondary phases were identified and the effectiveness of aluminizing at inhibiting metal dusting was examined. Secondary phases adversely affect the materials service life and repairability. Aluminizing effectively inhibits metal dusting for at least 13-14 years. Metal dusting is most severe in crevices on bare metal.
Sip-jeon-dea-bo-tang, a traditional herbal medicine, ameliorates cisplatin-induced anorexia via the activation of JAK1/STAT3-mediated leptin and IL-6 production in the fat tissue of mice (2016)

Despite its therapeutic advantages, chemotherapy can also cause adverse effects, including anorexia and loss of appetite. Although numerous patients with cancer have been reported to suffer from anorexia during or following chemotherapy, treatment options for anorexia remain to be determined. In Asian countries, traditional medicines are widely used to treat problems with appetite; sip-jeon-dea-bo-tang (SJDBT) is one of those medicines used for the treatment of anorexia. The present study demonstrated that SJDBT ameliorated cisplatin-induced anorexia. In a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced anorexia, oral administration of SJDBT prevented the cisplatin-induced reduction of food intake, inhibiting weight loss. The results of multiplex assays showed that SJDBT only altered the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and leptin in the serum and fat tissue. In addition, SJDBT maintained the serum leptin level and increased the serum IL-6 level, whereas cisplatin reduced the levels of both serum leptin and IL‑6. Furthermore, SJDBT was revealed to increase the levels of leptin and IL-6 in the fat tissue by activating the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. In conclusion, the present results revealed that SJDBT ameliorated cisplatin-induced anorexia, suggesting its usefulness in the prevention of anorexia during chemotherapy.
Prevention of limb loss in critical ischaemia by arterialization of the superficial venous system: an experimental study in dogs (1998)

The possibility of ischaemic limb salvage by arterializing the superficial venous system was examined in a canine study. The experiment was carried out on four healthy dogs in three stages. In the first stage, collateral circulation to the hind limb was abolished. In the second stage, all branches of the common femoral artery were ligated, which created a model of ischaemia incompatible with limb survival. Revascularization was achieved by anastomosing the valvulotomized long saphenous vein to the common femoral artery, proximal to its ligation. The dogs were monitored for 2 weeks. All limbs maintained tissue oxygenation similar to that of the control contralateral limb. In the third stage, the artery was ligated proximal to the femoro-saphenous anastomosis and the limb monitored for 7 hours. Acute loss of motor function of the limb resulted. In the present study, arterialization of the valvulotomized long saphenous vein prevented limb loss in critical ischaemia.
THE ANTIBIOTIC YA-56 COMPLEX: ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS (1973)

Isolation, purification and physicochemical properties of the antibiotic complex YA-56, a family of phleomycin-bleomycin group, are described. The antibiotic YA-56 complex was found to be composed mainly of two active components named YA-56 X and Y. These components were clearly differentiated from the reported phleomycins and bleomycins by their physicochemical properties. However, by direct comparison, YA-56 X was found to be identical with zorbamycin reported recently. YA-56 Y was recognized to be a new antibiotic.