gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of the Escherichia coli O157:H7 Heme Oxygenase ChuS in Complex with Heme and Enzymatic Inactivation by Mutation of the Heme Coordinating Residue His-193 (2006)

Heme oxygenases catalyze the oxidation of heme to biliverdin, CO, and free iron. For pathogenic microorganisms, heme uptake and degradation are critical mechanisms for iron acquisition that enable multiplication and survival within hosts they invade. Here we report the first crystal structure of the pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 heme oxygenase ChuS in complex with heme at 1.45 A resolution. When compared with other heme oxygenases, ChuS has a unique fold, including structural repeats and a beta-sheet core. Not surprisingly, the mode of heme coordination by ChuS is also distinct, whereby heme is largely stabilized by residues from the C-terminal domain, assisted by a distant arginine from the N-terminal domain. Upon heme binding, there is no large conformational change beyond the fine tuning of a key histidine (His-193) residue. Most intriguingly, in contrast to other heme oxygenases, the propionic side chains of heme are orientated toward the protein core, exposing the alpha-meso carbon position where O(2) is added during heme degradation. This unique orientation may facilitate presentation to an electron donor, explaining the significantly reduced concentration of ascorbic acid needed for the reaction. Based on the ChuS-heme structure, we converted the histidine residue responsible for axial coordination of the heme group to an asparagine residue (H193N), as well as converting a second histidine to an alanine residue (H73A) for comparison purposes. We employed spectral analysis and CO measurement by gas chromatography to analyze catalysis by ChuS, H193N, and H73A, demonstrating that His-193 is the key residue for the heme-degrading activity of ChuS.
Action Research in the Academy: Why and Whither? Reflections on the Changing Nature of Research. (2004)

Provides information on the changing nature of action research. Characteristics that define action research; Origins of action research; Contrasts of research with positivist science; Dimensions of the changes in the construct of social science research.
Disintermediation, Reintermediation, or Cybermediation? The Future of Intermediaries in Electronic Marketplaces (1999)

Early researchers seemed to agree on the prediction that decreased transaction costs in electronic marketplaces would lead to the reduction, or even extinction, of traditional intermediaries from electronic value chains. Despite some validity in these claims, a careful examination of the way that electronic commerce restructures traditional market functions reveals three equally plausible scenarios for the future. Traditional intermediaries will either be driven out of the market (disintermediation) or be forced to differentiate and re-emerge in the electronic marketplace (reintermediation), while wholly new markets for intermediaries will also be created (cybermediation). In this paper, we use a model of market functioning to establish areas where each of these three scenarios are expected to dominate. 1. Disintermediation in Electronic Markets: An Historical Perspective Advances in Information Technology are widely acknowledged as causing fundamental changes in organisational and m...
Microwave studies of a tunable free-electron laser in combined axial and wiggler magnetic fields (1985)

Measurements of narrow-band (Δω/ω≤0.02) microwave emission from a tunable (7≤ω/2π≤21 GHz) Raman, free-electron laser operating in a single TE11 waveguide mode are reported. Approximately 100 kW of rf power has been observed at an electronic efficiency of 12%, and ∼1 MW of rf power has been generated at a reduced efficiency of 8%. Frequency, gain, and rf power measurements have been carried out for various values of the guide magnetic field, below, above, and near to the resonance between the cyclotron frequency of the guide magnetic field and the frequency associated with the periodic wiggler magnetic field. The results are in very good agreement with the predictions of three-dimensional free-electron laser theory.
Modulation Format Dependent Phase Noise Caused by Intra-channel Nonlinearity (2012)

The phase noise induced by the intra-channel nonlinearity with DP-16QAM is found to be higher than that with DP-QPSK in 1600km transmission experiments. The main reason is identified as the large IXPM in 16QAM based on the proposed nonlinear model.
Structural Steels. Effect of Sulfide Morphologies on the Machinability of Shape-Controlled-Sulfide Free Machining Steel. (2002)

Since lead contaminates the environment, the various types of shape-controlled-sulfide (SCS) free machining steel, in which sulfide shapes are controlled to be spherical, have been developed to replace the leaded ones. However, in these SCS free machining steels, the effect of aspect ratio, size, and composition of sulfides on the machinability has not been revealed clearly. Authors evaluated the effect of sulfide shape on the machinability and investigated the relationship between the performance of sulfide coating on the tool surface and the sulfide composition. The results are as follows.
A New Type of Bis(sulfonamide)-Diamine Ligand for a Cu(OTf)<sub>2</sub>-Catalyzed Asymmetric Friedel–Crafts Alkylation Reaction of Indoles with Nitroalkenes (2011)

Chiral bis(sulfonamide)-diamine served as new type of ligand for a Cu(OTf)(2)-catalyzed asymmetric Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of indoles with nitroalkenes. The desired products were obtained with up to 99% yield and 97% ee.
PP.30.27 (2015)

Objective: Therapies currently implemented for obesity are focused on nutritional aspects and on physical activity. In order to make physical activity a positive therapy instead of triggering disabilities it is relevant to accurately assess cardiovascular fitness. To assess the cardiovascular fitness by measuring the oxygen peak (VO2 peak) consumption and its relationship with classical cardiometabolic parameters in youth. Design and method: A modified Balke protocol was applied to eighty-three obese normotensive Caucasians (60% males), ranging from 9 to 16 years old, who underwent an assessment of cardiometabolic risk. Obesity was defined as higher than or equal to the 95th percentile for age and sex, and degree of obesity using BMI z-score. The control group consisted of forty-three non-obese, healthy, age and sex matched subjects, who were invited to participate from the general population. Results: The general characteristics of the population are shown in the Table. Significant differences in consumption of VO2 peak between controls and obese individuals were observed. However, no significant differences existed between degrees of obesity. In all subjects, VO2 peak was significant and inversely related with the anthropometric parameters BMI (r = -0.399, p = 0.000) or BMI Z-score (r = -0.470; p = 0.000), and insulin (r = -0.309; p = 0.01), and HOMA index (r = -0.297; p = 0.01).Conclusions: The consumption of oxygen peak is a relevant clinical parameter that should be included in the routine clinical assessment of cardiometabolic risk in obese youth since it gives additional information of its metabolic status.
Cooperation, competition and coopetition in innovation communities (2013)

This study explores competitors’ engagement in innovation communities. Some view working with competitors as a risky endeavour, some see it as potentially beneficial and others take it as something in-between. We address this issue by posing two questions: (1) why do rival firms cooperate, compete or ‘coopete’ (a syncretic approach); and (2) how do rival firms engage in these activities? To achieve this, we first review the relevant literature to construct conceptual arguments, and then investigate three innovation communities in the UK. The findings concern the importance of common and conflicting interests as fundamental drivers of a firm’s cooperative and competitive stance in an innovation community. While a ‘win–win’ strategy has been over-emphasised, data reveal that the fear of ‘lose–lose’ is vital to drive firm cooperation. Finally, our study suggests that rival relationships link to a strategic incentive alignment between common and conflicting interests; that is, rivals cooperate when common interests are higher, and compete on other occasions. Data seem to suggest that in a conflicting situation firms often maximise their private benefits at the expense of common interests. Data also suggest that this alignment varies in different innovation stages and in both an inter-organisational and an intra-organisational setting. This paper contributes to the existing work on the competitive/relational strategy of firms in the innovation space .
Frequency control of an optically pumped Na2 laser (1984)

The electronic control of a Na2 dimer laser and of its argon-ion pump is described. This leads to an extremely narrow emission linewidth (less than 200 Hz) as well as a good amplitude stability and a tunability of a few GHz around each line center.
Control strategy and simulation technology of Integrated Starter/Generator Hybrid Electric Vehicle (2009)

The paper studies control strategy and simulation technology of Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) based on Xiali 7100 prototype. Firstly, the frame structure of parallel Integrated Starter/Generator (ISG) mild HEV is designed and parameters of main components are identified. Then a logical gateway based instantaneous optimization control strategy is proposed for the system after mode analysis. Finally, the fuel consumption evaluated module is built under MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment. Different typical city bus circles are selected for analysis and results indicate that the proposed control strategy can improve fuel economy and lower emissions.
Pentapeptide Repeat Proteins (2005)

The pentapeptide repeat protein (PRP) family has more than 500 members in the prokaryotic and eukaryotic kingdoms. These proteins are composed of, or contain domains composed of, tandemly repeated amino acid sequences with a consensus sequence of [S,T,A,V][D,N][L,F][S,T,R][G]. The biochemical function of the vast majority of PRP family members is unknown. The three-dimensional structure of the first member of the PRP family was determined for the fluoroquinolone resistance protein (MfpA) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The structure revealed that the pentapeptide repeats encode the folding of a novel right-handed quadrilateral beta-helix. MfpA binds to DNA gyrase and inhibits its activity. The rod-shaped, dimeric protein exhibits remarkable similarity in size, shape, and electrostatics to DNA.
Digital Video Watermarking for Metadata Embedding in Uav Video (2006)

In this work we present an application of video digital watermarking to metadata embedding in UAV video footage. Digital watermarking provides the capability of embedding invisible signatures in digital media. As digital media is easily transported, copied or exchanged, a marked file provides innumerable advantages for tracking, fingerprinting, ownership verification and possibly covert communication. UAVs collect voluminous amount of metadata along with surveillance footage. Presently, metadata stream is transmitted on a separate channel or stored in the header section of video. The former approach occupies bandwidth whereas the latter approach leaves metadata in the open and easily removable. We have adapted our recently developed MPEG-2 watermarking algorithm to embed flight metadata directly in MPEG bitstream of UAV video. By intertwining metadata with video, the two streams cannot be easily separated, bookkeeping is reduced and security is enhanced. These goals are achieved at little or no cost. Video quality is maintained and file size is not increased. The algorithm is applied to Predator video footage
Highly Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production of CdS-Cluster-Decorated Graphene Nanosheets (2011)

The production of clean and renewable hydrogen through water splitting using photocatalysts has received much attention due to the increasing global energy crises. In this study, a high efficiency of the photocatalytic H(2) production was achieved using graphene nanosheets decorated with CdS clusters as visible-light-driven photocatalysts. The materials were prepared by a solvothermal method in which graphene oxide (GO) served as the support and cadmium acetate (Cd(Ac)(2)) as the CdS precursor. These nanosized composites reach a high H(2)-production rate of 1.12 mmol h(-1) (about 4.87 times higher than that of pure CdS nanoparticles) at graphene content of 1.0 wt % and Pt 0.5 wt % under visible-light irradiation and an apparent quantum efficiency (QE) of 22.5% at wavelength of 420 nm. This high photocatalytic H(2)-production activity is attributed predominantly to the presence of graphene, which serves as an electron collector and transporter to efficiently lengthen the lifetime of the photogenerated charge carriers from CdS nanoparticles. This work highlights the potential application of graphene-based materials in the field of energy conversion.
Resistivity, grain size, and impurity effects in chemically vapor-deposited tungsten films (1985)

The room-temperature electrical resistivity, grain size, and impurity content of tungsten films deposited at low pressure on silicon wafers from tungsten hexafluoride and hydrogen reactants were determined. These properties were examined as functions of deposition temperature and film thickness. The resistivity is independent of thickness at a value of approximately 13.5 μΩ cm for films deposited at 300 °C. For films deposited at 400 °C, the resistivity decreases from 24 to 8.5 μΩ cm as thickness increases from 0.075 to 1 μm. The resistivity behavior is interpreted in terms of grain-boundary scattering with a zero reflection coefficient for the 300 °C films. For the 400 °C films, a reflection coefficient that decreases from 0.67 to 0.38 over the above thickness range and a linear dependence of grain size on thickness are utilized. For both deposition temperatures, the grain size exhibits a rapid initial growth to 30 nm followed by growth at a slope of 0.32 with respect to thickness. The rapid initial growth is associated with the rapid, self-limiting tungsten hexafluoride/silicon reaction. The oxygen content of the films tracks the trend of the reflection coefficient in that it increases with increased deposition temperature or decreased film thickness. Evidence suggests that the oxygen is located predominantly at grain boundaries and may be the primary determinant of boundary scattering. Fluorine is found in films at concentrations (0.03–0.05 at. %) similar to those of oxygen but does not vary with thickness and decreases with increased deposition temperature. No evidence is found for surface scattering of carriers suggesting that all are specularly scattered. Grain-boundary scattering, with a constant reflection coefficient, adequately interprets previously published data. Utilizing such results, together with the present ones, leads to the conclusions that the grain size is relatively independent of deposition temperature while the intragrain resistivity decreases with temperature and approaches the bulk value for 600 °C deposition.
The short-lived MAT alpha 2 transcriptional regulator is ubiquitinated in vivo. (1991)

The substrates of ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathways include both damaged or otherwise abnormal proteins and undamaged proteins that are naturally short-lived. Few specific examples of the latter class have been identified, however. Previous work has shown that the cell type-specific MAT alpha 2 repressor of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an extremely short-lived protein. We now demonstrate that alpha 2 is conjugated to ubiquitin in vivo. More than one lysine residue of alpha 2 can be joined to ubiquitin, and some of the ubiquitin moieties form a Lys48-linked multiubiquitin chain. Overexpression of degradation-impaired ubiquitin variants was used to show that at least a significant fraction of alpha 2 degradation is dependent on its ubiquitination.
Recent Advances in Imaging of Dopaminergic Neurons for Evaluation of Neuropsychiatric Disorders (2012)

Dopamine is the most intensely studied monoaminergic neurotransmitter. Dopaminergic neurotransmission plays an important role in regulating several aspects of basic brain function, including motor, behavior, motivation, and working memory. To date, there are numerous positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radiotracers available for targeting different steps in the process of dopaminergic neurotransmission, which permits us to quantify dopaminergic activity in the living human brain. Degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine system causes Parkinson's disease (PD) and related Parkinsonism. Dopamine is the neurotransmitter that has been classically associated with the reinforcing effects of drug abuse. Abnormalities within the dopamine system in the brain are involved in the pathophysiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Dopamine receptors play an important role in schizophrenia and the effect of neuroleptics is through blockage of dopamine D(2) receptors. This review will concentrate on the radiotracers that have been developed for imaging dopaminergic neurons, describe the clinical aspects in the assessment of neuropsychiatric disorders, and suggest future directions in the diagnosis and management of such disorders.
Promises of Confidentiality to News Sources After Cohen v. Cowles Media Company: A Survey of Newspaper Editors (1994)

We undertook a survey of newspaper editors to determine their views regarding promises of confidentiality, to determine the effect of the Cohen case on the newspaper industry, and to discover related information. This article will discuss the Cohen case and report the survey results. Section II of the article sets forth the facts that led to the lawsuit brought by source Dan Cohen against two Minneapolis newspapers for breach of promise of confidentiality. Section III sets forth the history of the lawsuit itself, as it proceeded through the Minnesota state courts to the United States Supreme Court, reaching a final resolution on remand to the Minnesota Supreme Court. The Minnesota Court of Appeals decision, the Minnesota Supreme Court's first decision, and the United States Supreme Court's decision in the case were all split decisions. Section III includes a summary of the arguments made by both the court majorities and the dissenters. Section IV reports and discusses the survey results. Section V provides a summary and conclusion.
Psychometric evaluation of Horowitz's impact of event scale: A review (2000)

Despite being developed before the formal introduction of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the diagnostic literature, the Impact of Event Scale (Horowitz, Wilner, & Alvarez, 1979) remains one of the most widely used self-report measures of posttraumatic stress. This paper presents an overview of research using the IES in an attempt to assess its psychometric status. It is concluded that the psychometric properties of the IES are satisfactory (although not as a PTSD diagnostic measure) and that continued use of the IES as a measure of intrusive and avoidant processes is warranted.
Tertiary butylarsine grown GaAs solar cell (1989)

High quality, intentionally doped (both p and n type) gallium arsenide layers have been grown using trimethylgallium and tertiary butylarsine in a low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition reactor. Using an alternate arsenic source, namely, tertiary butylarsine, a concentrator GaAs solar cell has been fabricated. Under 37 sun, air mass 1.5 illumination, the cell had an open-circuit voltage of 1.095 V, a fill factor of 83%, and an overall efficiency of 18.5%.
Modified k-mean clustering method of HMM states for initialization of Baum-Welch training algorithm (2011)

International audience
Chemosterilants for the house fly (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemosterilants for the house flyRichard L. Fye and James E. OliverCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1974, 22, 3, 374–376Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60193a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60193a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Wet Spinning and Drawing of Human Recombinant Collagen (2016)

The advancement of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has generated a growing demand for collagen fibers that both resemble native collagen fibers as closely as possible in terms of structure and function, and can be produced in large quantities and processed by current textile technologies. However, the collagen spinning methodologies reported thus far have not matured sufficiently to provide a spinning rate suitable for large-scale production and also generate fibers with insufficient mechanical properties. In the current study, we introduce three new elements into existing collagen fiber spinning technologies: the use of recombinant human collagen, high concentration dope, and spin drawing. At the optimal draw ratio, mechanically strong, aligned, thin fibers, with diameters similar to those of cotton or polyester fibers, are obtained at rates exceeding 1,000 m/h. The resulting fibers display an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 150 MPa and a strain of 0.21 after being hydrated in PBS, values which are comparable to and even surpass those reported for human patellar and Achilles tendons. The production technology is simple, based entirely on existing fiber production machinery, and suitable for scale-up and rapid production of large fiber quantities.
A low-cost approach towards mixed task and data parallel scheduling (2001)

A relatively new trend in parallel programming scheduling is the so-called mixed task and data scheduling. It has been shown that mixing task and data parallelism to solve large computational applications often yields better speedups compared to either applying more task parallelism or pure data parallelism. In this paper we present a new compile-time heuristic, named critical path and allocation (CPA), for scheduling data-parallel task graphs. Designed to have a very low cost, its complexity is much lower compared to existing approaches, such as TSAS, TwoL or CPR, by one order of magnitude or even more. Experimental results based on graphs derived from real problems as well as synthetic graphs, show that the performance loss of CPA relative to the above algorithms does not exceed 50%. These results are also confirmed by performance measurements of two real applications (i.e., complex matrix multiplication and Strassen matrix multiplication) running on a cluster of workstations.