gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization of human tensin (2000)

Tensin is a focal-adhesion molecule that binds to actin filaments and interacts with phosphotyrosine-containing proteins. To analyse tensin's function in mammals, we have cloned tensin cDNAs from human and cow. The isolated approx. 7.7-kb human cDNA contains an open reading frame encoding 1735 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence of human tensin shares 60% identity with chicken tensin, and contains all the structural features described previously in chicken tensin. This includes the actin-binding domains, the Src homology domain 2, and the region similar to a tumour suppressor, PTEN. Two major differences between human and chicken tensin are (i) the lack of the first 54 residues present in chicken tensin, and (ii) the addition of 34- and 38-residue inserts in human and bovine tensin. In addition, our interspecies sequencing data have uncovered the presence of a glutamine/CAG repeat that appears to have expanded in the course of evolution. Northern-blot analysis reveals a 10-kb message in most of the human tissues examined. An additional 9-kb message is detected in heart and skeletal muscles. The molecular mass predicted from the human cDNA is 185kDa, although both endogenous and recombinant human tensin migrate as 220-kDa proteins on SDS/PAGE. The discrepancy is due to the unusually low electrophoretic mobility of the central region of the tensin polypeptide (residues 306–981). A survey of human prostate and breast cancer cell lines by Western-blot analysis shows a lack of tensin expression in most cancer cell lines, whereas these lines express considerable amounts of focal-adhesion molecules such as talin and focal-adhesion kinase. Finally, tensin is rapidly cleaved by a focal-adhesion protease, calpain II. Incubation of cells with a calpain inhibitor, MDL, prevented tensin cleavage and induced morphological change in these cells, suggesting that cleavage of tensin and other focal-adhesion constituents by calpain disrupts maintenance of normal cell shape.
Passive and active droplet generation with microfluidics: a review (2016)

Precise and effective control of droplet generation is critical for applications of droplet microfluidics ranging from materials synthesis to lab-on-a-chip systems. Methods for droplet generation can be either passive or active, where the former generates droplets without external actuation, and the latter makes use of additional energy input in promoting interfacial instabilities for droplet generation. A unified physical understanding of both passive and active droplet generation is beneficial for effectively developing new techniques meeting various demands arising from applications. Our review of passive approaches focuses on the characteristics and mechanisms of breakup modes of droplet generation occurring in microfluidic cross-flow, co-flow, flow-focusing, and step emulsification configurations. The review of active approaches covers the state-of-the-art techniques employing either external forces from electrical, magnetic and centrifugal fields or methods of modifying intrinsic properties of flows or fluids such as velocity, viscosity, interfacial tension, channel wettability, and fluid density, with a focus on their implementations and actuation mechanisms. Also included in this review is the contrast among different approaches of either passive or active nature.
Integrating reengineered databases to support data fusion (1995)

Large information systems often require the fusion of multiple databases to achieve desired functionality. In this article, we focus on how automated query formulation capabilities may be realized over a set of fused databases. Reengineering issues related to database design and fusion are discussed, and a query formulation and design system known as QUICK is described. A case study is presented in which the logical schemas for two independent U.S. Army databases are reverse engineered into conceptual schemas that are subsequently used for data fusion and automatic query generation. In addition, enhanced methods that employ meta-level conceptual constructs to support reverse engineering, data fusion, and query formulation are described.
Development of a Metabolic Biosignature for Detection of Early Lyme Disease (2015)

The data provide proof-of-concept that metabolic profiling for early Lyme disease can achieve significantly greater (P < .0001) diagnostic sensitivity than current 2-tier serology, while retaining high specificity.
Particle size scaling of the giant electrorheological effect (2004)

This letter shows that by decreasing the size of the barium titanyl oxalate nanoparticles coated with urea, achieved through Rb doping, the giant electrorheological (GER) effect can attain a yield stress of &gt;250kPa. The shear thinning effect observed in parallel-plate sandwich configuration is also reported, and attributed to the centrifugal sedimentation effect of the inhomogeneous structures induced by applied electric field. In addition, it is found from experiments that the ER effect is very sensitive to the solid particles volume fraction.
Combining a flexible data model and phase schema translation in data model reverse engineering (2002)

A data reverse engineering tool whose input can be from heterogeneous legacy systems which can range from COBOL record layouts to DB/2 data definitions needs to be able to utilize a flexible data model as well as phase schema translations. The flexible data model allows a designer to fully understand the legacy system as well as know what corrections could be made during conversion to a new implementation. The phase schema translation takes the database designer through the reverse engineering process in such a way that the user can concentrate on one aspect of the process at a time and not to get bogged down in the process itself.
Treatment options for large hemispheric stroke (2001)

Some stroke patients suffering acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction develop massive brain edema and herniation, a condition known as malignant MCA infarction. Severe swelling increases intracranial pressure (ICP) and leads to progressive brainstem dysfunction. Once ICP reaches critical values (>30 mm Hg) herniation occurs, usually within 2 to 5 days. Patients rarely survive (80% mortality) with standard treatment, and those who do are often severely disabled. Malignant MCA infarction is often missed by neurologists, despite well-defined clinical and neuroimaging (CT scan) diagnostic criteria. After diagnosis, conventional treatments such as osmotherapy, barbiturates, buffers, and hyperventilation center on reducing ICP. The goal of hyperosmolar therapy is to increase the serum osmolarity to approximately 315-320 mOsm/L. Enteric glycerol is used routinely to reduce ICP. In more severe cases and when glycerol fails, mannitol may be administered. Other therapies are also available, including hypertonic saline solution, THAM (Tris-hydroxy-methyl-aminomethane) buffer, and high-dose barbiturates. Hyperventilation also helps reduce ICP. All measures work effectively for a short time only. Other approaches to control elevated ICP, including decompression surgery and hypothermia, have shown promising results. In the Heidelberg decompression surgery trial, mortality in surgically treated patients was significantly lower (32%) than in non-treated patients (76%) despite conventional treatment. Importantly, of the surviving treated patients, 66% were rated independent with only mild to moderate disability. Moderate hypothermia (33-36 degrees C) has recently been shown to be effective in severe MCA infarction. Hypothermia induction within 14 hours of ischemic injury and maintained for 72 hours significantly reduced ICP and mortality (44%).
On jitter due to delay cell mismatch in DLL-based clock multipliers (2003)

This paper describes the jitter problem in DLL-based clock multipliers that arises due to stochastic mismatch in the delay cells that are used in the voltage controlled delay line of the DLL. An analysis is presented that relates the stochastic spread of the delay of the cells to the output jitter of the clock multiplier. This analysis shows that relative time deviations are highest in the middle of the delay line and proportional to the square root of the frequency multiplication factor of the structure. A circuit design technique, called impedance level scaling, is presented that allows the designer to optimize the noise and mismatch behavior of a circuit independent from other specifications such as speed and linearity. Applying this technique on delay cell design yields a direct trade-off between noise induced jitter and power usage, and between stochastic mismatch induced jitter and power usage.
Efficient sparse FIR filter design (2002)

We consider the problem of designing a sparse FIR filter and show that it can be cast into a problem of determining a sparse solution of a linear system of equations. Previously proposed design algorithms for FIR filter utilize an intelligent search over all possible structures for sparse filter. We propose a new filter design method based on a simpler algorithm for finding a sparse solution of the linear system. Simulation experiments show significant improvements over classical nonsparse methods.
Spray coating - a solution for resist film deposition across severe topography (2004)

There are situations when it is beneficial to generate lithographic patterns in, on, over or near sever topographical features >10 microns and often up to 300 microns in vertical height or depth from the wafer surface. Current spin coating approaches create unusable films with striations, streaks, pinholes and other anomalies. Dry laminated films have been used but are limited in the achievable resolution to the range of their thickness. Electroplated resists have also been considered, but are costly to deposit and limited to conductive surfaces. Finally, ordinary spray coating approaches have been attempted but seem to lack a suitable process window for production use. This paper explores a novel spray coating technology and its capability to deposit high resolution resist films on different 3D microstructures. The 3D microstructures represent the type commonly found in the field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), optical microelectromechanical systems (MOEMS) and backend processes (advanced packaging). In this paper the edge coverage on various structures and materials will be shown as well as the achievable uniformity on plane wafer with spray coating.
Drug‐Nutrient Interactions (2013)

Drug-nutrient interactions are defined as physical, chemical, physiologic, or pathophysiologic relationships between a drug and a nutrient. The causes of most clinically significant drug-nutrient interactions are usually multifactorial. Failure to identify and properly manage drug-nutrient interactions can lead to very serious consequences and have a negative impact on patient outcomes. Nevertheless, with thorough review and assessment of the patient's history and treatment regimens and a carefully executed management strategy, adverse events associated with drug-nutrient interactions can be prevented. Based on the physiologic sequence of events after a drug or a nutrient has entered the body and the mechanism of interactions, drug-nutrient interactions can be categorized into 4 main types. Each type of interaction can be managed using similar strategies. The existing data that guide the clinical management of most drug-nutrient interactions are mostly anecdotal experience, uncontrolled observations, and opinions, whereas the science in understanding the mechanism of drug-nutrient interactions remains limited. The challenge for researchers and clinicians is to increase both basic and higher level clinical research in this field to bridge the gap between the science and practice. The research should aim to establish a better understanding of the function, regulation, and substrate specificity of the nutrient-related enzymes and transport proteins present in the gastrointestinal tract, as well as assess how the incidence and management of drug-nutrient interactions can be affected by sex, ethnicity, environmental factors, and genetic polymorphisms. This knowledge can help us develop a true personalized medicine approach in the prevention and management of drug-nutrient interactions.
Exposing data leakage in Data Integration Systems (2014)

In the context of Data Integration Systems (DIS), integrating data across organizations varying in security and privacy requirements in addition to trust levels raises concerns of data leakage threats. In order to prevent these threats, an in depth threat analysis reflected on the architectural components of a DIS is required. This paper analyses data leakage threats and locations within the DIS architecture with a middle layer. The analysis is confirmed by 16 experts in the areas of security and data integration. An improved DIS architecture with a broader set of threats has resulted from these expert reviews.
Development of calcium current subtypes in isolated rat hippocampal pyramidal cells. (1991)

1. Patch-clamp techniques were used to record from acutely dissociated rat hippocampal pyramidal cells of different postnatal ages to study the development, kinetics of activation and inactivation, and pharmacology of various components of whole-cell calcium current. 2. In both adult and immature pyramidal cells, the threshold of activation for Ca2+ current from the holding potential of -50 mV was about -35 mV. The current was non-inactivating near threshold, and slowly inactivating with stronger depolarizations. 3. In adult pyramidal cells, hyperpolarizing pre-pulses (-85 mV, 3 s) increased the peak amplitude of current, but had little effect on the amplitude of sustained current or on the threshold. In immature cells, hyperpolarizing pre-pulses (-85 mV, 3 s) revealed an additional component of Ca2+ current that had a threshold for activation around -60 mV, and inactivated rapidly and completely at potentials between -60 and -35 mV. This low-threshold Ca2+ current was found in all cells less than 12 days of age, and in no cells older than 29 days of age. 4. No difference was observed between the Ca2+ currents elicited from CA3 or CA1 pyramidal cells. 5. The time course of decay for inactivating Ca2+ currents in adult cells at -20 mV was well fit with a single exponential of roughly 120 ms time constant. In immature cells, the addition of a second, faster time constant (roughly 25 ms) was required to describe the decay of the inactivating current adequately. The persistent Ca2+ current elicited from the holding potential of -50 mV decayed with a time constant of roughly 750 ms. The rate of inactivation for all Ca2+ current components was faster with stronger depolarizations. Inactivating Ca2+ currents contributed a significantly larger percentage of the total Ca2+ current in immature than adult cells. 6. Steady-state inactivation of the low-threshold Ca2+ current in immature cells was described by the Boltzmann equation with half maximal inactivation at -76 mV and a slope factor of 6.8. Recovery from inactivation was exponential, with a time constant of 820 ms (at -85 mV). Steady-state inactivation of the high-threshold inactivating Ca2+ current in adult cells was described by the Boltzmann equation with half maximal inactivation at -78 mV and a slope factor of 9.9. 7. The low-threshold Ca2+ current in immature cells was blocked in a reversible and dose-dependent manner by amiloride (100-250 microM). Amiloride had no effect on high-threshold Ca2+ currents.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Handling of Complex Numbers in the C<sup>H</sup> Programming Language (1993)

The handling of complex numbers in the C H programming language will be described in this paper. Complex is a built‐in data type in C H . The I/O, arithmetic and relational operations, and built‐in mathematical functions are defined for both regular complex numbers and complex metanumbers of ComplexZero, Complexlnf, and ComplexNaN. Due to polymorphism, the syntax of complex arithmetic and relational operations and built‐in mathematical functions are the same as those for real numbers. Besides polymorphism, the built‐in mathematical functions are implemented with a variable number of arguments that greatly simplify computations of different branches of multiple‐valued complex functions. The valid lvalues related to complex numbers are defined. Rationales for the design of complex features in C H are discussed from language design, implementation, and application points of views. Sample C H programs show that a computer language that does not distinguish the sign of zeros in complex numbers can also handle the branch cuts of multiple‐valued complex functions effectively so long as it is appropriately designed and implemented.
Synthesis of Type I and Type III Collagen by Synovial Cells in Tissue Culture Derived from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, and Normal Individuals (1980)

Synovial tissues obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or traumatic damage (normal) were placed in culture, using the explant technique. The resulting monolayer cultures of cells were found to synthesize Type I and Type III collagen. In rheumatoid derived tissues labeled in primary organ culture, 31% of the mean total collagen produced was Type III. Rheumatoid synovial cells growing in monolayer culture at the second passage synthesized 18 ± 2% Type III collagen compared to 15 ± 2% in respective control cultures. The mean percentage of Type III collagen synthesized by rheumatoid synovial cells at the fourth passage in culture was 20 ± 3% compared to 14 ± 2% in fourth passage cells derived from osteoarthritic tissue or 13 ± 3% in fourth passage cells derived from normal human synovium. These data indicate that an increase commitment of rheumatoid synovium for Type III collagen synthesis, expressed in primary organ cultures, is not detectable in early passage cells growing in monolayer. Therefore, factors in the local tissue environment may participate in the modulation of collagen heterogeneity in the rheumatoid synovium.
Structure of the Quaternary Complex of Interleukin-2 with Its α, ß, and γ <sub>c</sub> Receptors (2005)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that acts through a quaternary receptor signaling complex containing alpha (IL-2Ralpha), beta (IL-2Rbeta), and common gamma chain (gc) receptors. In the structure of the quaternary ectodomain complex as visualized at a resolution of 2.3 angstroms, the binding of IL-2Ralpha to IL-2 stabilizes a secondary binding site for presentation to IL-2Rbeta. gammac is then recruited to the composite surface formed by the IL-2/IL-2Rbeta complex. Consistent with its role as a shared receptor for IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21, gammac forms degenerate contacts with IL-2. The structure of gammac provides a rationale for loss-of-function mutations found in patients with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency diseases (X-SCID). This complex structure provides a framework for other gammac-dependent cytokine-receptor interactions and for the engineering of improved IL-2 therapeutics.
The Effect of Postmenopausal Estrogen Therapy on Bone Density in Elderly Women (1993)

For long-term preservation of bone mineral density, women should take estrogen for at least seven years after menopause. Even this duration of therapy may have little residual effect on bone density among women 75 years of age and older, who have the highest risk of fracture.
Dipolar cycloadditions of an acetylenic phosphinate (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDipolar cycloadditions of an acetylenic phosphinateT. M. Balthazor and R. A. FloresCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 3, 529–531Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01291a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01291a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views450Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Highly Selective Amidation of Benzylic Alcohols with Nitriles. A Modified Ritter Reaction (1994)

Abstract Benzyl alcohols react selectively with different nitriles in the presence of a catalytic amount of boron trifluoride and produce amides in high yields. Deactivated p-nitrobenzyl, allylic, primary, secondary, and tertiary saturated alcohols do not react.
NetProf: Network-based High-level Profiling of Java Bytecode (1996)

In this paper we present a system for network based visualization of profile information generated by Java applets/bytecode. The system, called NetProf, is composed of several components each of which is interesting in their own right. The components are a bytecode to Java source code translator, a profiler that includes a static pass to insert profiler code, a dynamic runtime library that records relevant events and finally a visualization mechanism which highlights the profile information in an easy to use manner. All of this can be done over the Internet using a client-server approach and is independent of the underlying architecture/machine and human intervention. Keywords: Java, Bytecode, Profiling, Visualization, Client-Server, World Wide Web, Internet. The University of Rochester Computer Science Department supported this work. This work was supported in part by an NSF Research Initiation Award (CCR-9409120) and ARPA contract F19628-94-C-0057. 1 Introduction The past few...