gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of reacetylation and degradation on the chemical and crystal structures of chitosan (2007)

Abstract The changes of chemical and crystal structures of the reacetylation and degraded chitosans caused by sonication, acid hydrolysis, and H 2 O 2 oxidation were studied systematically. During the reacetylation of chitosan, acetic anhydride can result in the degradation of chitosan when its concentration exceeds a certain value (the acetic anhydride/amine ratio > 0.3). Three crystalline polymorphs appear during the reacetylation process of chitosans that the degree of deacetylation (DD) range from 94 to 5%. The increase of acetyl group leads to a notable crystal structure transition from crystal “Form II” with constrained chain conformation to “Form I” having a more extended chain structure, and finally to a crystalline form similar to that of chitin. The DD of chitosan is not altered by sonication and acid hydrolysis, but decrease obviously because of deamination occurring in the chain scission of H 2 O 2 oxidation. The crystallinity increases with the decreasing of molecular weight for sonication and acid hydrolysis, whereas a deeper degradation by H 2 O 2 will decrease the cystallinity. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 2720–2728, 2007
Research on application of fuzzy control in electronic belt scales (2009)

The stabilized soil is an important material used widely in road construction. The mixture ratio is an important factor impact on its quality directly, even influences the quality of highway construction. The electronic belt scale is used to weight and control the material flow by adjusting the motor speed of belt conveyor to control the mixture ratio of the stabilized soil. In this paper, the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller based on the model of frequency control motor in electronic belt scales is introduced. The parameters of PID could be adjusted by the control system itself automatically in real time. Thus the stabilized soil mixture ratio could keep in proper range during construction process. Analysis and simulation with MATLAB shows that, the fuzzy self-tuning PID control system can adjust the control parameters rapidly responding to the input variation online, and is effectively with good static precision and dynamic performance.
Peer-to-Peer Wikis: Replication of Highly Dynamic Content on XWiki (2007)

After identifying certain usage scenarios for a P2P wiki, we propose a generic model regarding a P2P wiki platform, that can be configured to adapt to several usage scenarios, from massively distributed wikis to small mobile collaborative tools. The platform is built as a XWiki plugin collection and consists of a set of loosely coupled components providing services to be used in the context of grid computing.
Estimation of Copy-sensitive Codes Using a Neural Approach (2019)

Copy sensitive graphical codes are used as anti-counterfeiting solution in packaging and document protection. Their security is funded on a design hard-to-predict after print and scan. In practice there exist different designs. Here random codes printed at the printer resolution are considered. We suggest an estimation of such codes by using neural networks, an in-trend approach which has however not been studied yet in the present context. In this paper, we test a state-of-the-art architecture efficient in the binarization of handwritten characters. The results show that such an approach can be successfully used by an attacker to provide a valid counterfeited code so fool an authentication system.
Liquid crystal formation control of polymer-liquid crystal mixtures by photoisomerization of azobenzene moiety. (1990)

アゾベンゼン構造を側鎖にもつ感光性高分子を調製し,低分子液晶と混合した系の液晶形成能を測定した。p-トキシアゾベンゼンと低分子液晶との混合系と同様に,アゾベンゼン構造の濃度とともに直線的に系の液晶形成濃度範囲が減少した。アゾベンゼン構造が液晶中に存在しうることにより,柔軟な高分子鎖も液晶中に分散することがわかった。さらに,高分子鎖の液晶阻害効果はアゾベンゼンよりも大きいことが推測できた。いま,光照射によりアゾベンゼン構造をトランス体からシス体へと変化させると,液晶形成温度領域が減少することが確認された。すなわち,低分子混合液晶系と同様,光により系の液晶形成を制御可能であることが確かめられた。光マスクを用いて光記録を試みたところ,記録豫の経時安定性において,低分子混合系よりもいちじるしい改善がみられた。
Proximity sensor (2013)

In this paper we report on a participatory design study with young girls. Our goal was to create a mobile phone app to display the spatial proximity of friends in an abstract and privacy-aware manner. A group of 16 girls worked along the user-centred design process to create initial paper-based designs of an app that respects one's friends privacy while displaying their proximity to allow for spontaneous meetings or re-grouping after separation. Our participants created very promising results which we intend to implement and evaluate further against a broader audience.
Regulatory Mechanism of Voice Intensity Variation (1964)

The relationship between the voice intensity (sound pressure level), the subglottic pressure, the air flow rate, and the glottal resistance was investigated. Simultaneous recordings were made of the sound pressure level of voice, the subglottic pressure, the flow rate, and the volume of air utilized during phonation. The glottal resistance, the subglottic power, and the efficiency of voice were calculated from the data. It was found that on very low frequency phonation the flow rate remained almost unchanged or even slightly decreased with the increase in voice intensity while the glottal resistance showed a tendency to augment with increased voice intensity. In contrast to this, the flow rate on high frequency phonation was found to increase greatly, while the glottal resistance remained almost unchanged as the voice intensity increased. On the basis of the data it was concluded that at very low pitches, the glottal resistance is dominant in controlling intensity (laryngeal control), becoming less so as the pitch is raised, until at extremely high pitch the intensity is controlled almost entirely by the flow rate (expiratory muscle control).
Magnesium in acute and chronic brain injury: an update (2009)

While brain free magnesium levels have been shown to decline in a number of acute and chronic brain pathologies, the mechanisms of such decline and the potential for magnesium administration as a therapeutic intervention are still unclear. In acute brain injury, magnesium therapy has failed in recent clinical trials of trauma, presumably because of an intact blood brain barrier at the time of administration reducing central penetration. Under such conditions, magnesium's peripheral effects on cardiovascular parameters may dominate over the central, and potentially neuroprotective, effects of the compound. In contrast, magnesium has been demonstrated to be beneficial in lacunar strokes, albeit that recent animal studies indicate that this effect is without any significant reduction of lesion size. Postnatal magnesium has also been shown to improve neurological outcome in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia, although this may be limited to cases of mild to moderate brain injury; no effect is observed following severe brain injury. Prenatal magnesium has been reported to be beneficial for outcome in very preterm infants, although this may only be at low doses. Combination therapies are also showing promise in experimental studies, with combined magnesium and mild hypothermia as well as magnesium and polyethylene glycol proving effective in ischemic stroke and in spinal cord injury, respectively. With respect to chronic brain injury, recent results indicate that magnesium deficient mice are susceptible to developing Parkinson's disease, which is consistent with earlier findings that magnesium deficiency over a number of generations is associated with the development of Parkinson's disease. The latter was associated with the appearance of variants of the TRPM channels. Our recent studies have shown that Parkinson's disease is associated with reduced TRPM2 and TRPM7 channel mRNA expression. Taken together, a more complete picture is emerging of the role of magnesium in brain injury, its therapeutic potential as well the mechanisms associated with its decline.
Neutral nets for computing (2003)

There has been a resurgence of interest in neutral net models composed of many simple interconnected processing elements operating in parallel. The computational power of different neutral net models and the effectiveness of simple error correction training procedures have been demonstrated. Three important feed-forward models are described. Single- and multi-layer perceptrons which can be used for pattern classification are described, as well as Kohonen's feature map algorithm which can be used for clustering or as a vector quantizer. A major emphasis is placed on relating these models to existing classification and clustering algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A robust mixed-norm adaptive filter algorithm (1997)

We propose a new member of the family of mixed-norm stochastic gradient adaptive filter algorithms for system identification applications based upon a convex function of the error norms that underlie the least mean square (LMS) and least absolute difference (LAD) algorithms. A scalar parameter controls the mixture and relates, approximately, to the probability that the instantaneous desired response of the adaptive filter does not contain significant impulsive noise. The parameter is calculated with the complementary error function and a robust estimate of the standard deviation of the desired response. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in a system identification simulation with impulsive and Gaussian measurement noise.
Corrections to "JPEG dequantization array for regularized decompression" (1998)

An error in the theoretical derivations leading up to the main equation of the above correspondence by Prost et al. is pointed out, and corrections are presented. Due to the error, the experimentally obtained "optimal" parameters are really only suboptimal.
Tungsten Oxide Resistive Memory Using Rapid Thermal Oxidation of Tungsten Plugs (2010)

A complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible WO x based resistive memory has been developed. The WO x memory layer is made from rapid thermal oxidation of W plugs. The device performs excellent electrical properties. The switching speed is extremely fast (∼2 ns) and the programming voltage (<1.4 V) is low. For single-level cell (SLC) operation, the device shows a large resistance window, and 10 8 -cycle endurance. For multi-level cell (MLC) operation, it demonstrates 2-bit/cell storage with the endurance up to 10000 times. The rapid thermal oxidation (RTO) WO x resistance random access memory (RRAM) is very promising for both high-density and embedded memory applications.
An Efficient Catalytic DNA that Cleaves L-RNA (2015)

Many DNAzymes have been isolated from synthetic DNA pools to cleave natural RNA (D-RNA) substrates and some have been utilized for the design of aptazyme biosensors for bioanalytical applications. Even though these biosensors perform well in simple sample matrices, they do not function effectively in complex biological samples due to ubiquitous RNases that can efficiently cleave D-RNA substrates. To overcome this issue, we set out to develop DNAzymes that cleave L-RNA, the enantiomer of D-RNA, which is known to be completely resistant to RNases. Through in vitro selection we isolated three L-RNA-cleaving DNAzymes from a random-sequence DNA pool. The most active DNAzyme exhibits a catalytic rate constant ~3 min-1 and has a structure that contains a kissing loop, a structural motif that has never been observed with D-RNA-cleaving DNAzymes. Furthermore we have used this DNAzyme and a well-known ATP-binding DNA aptamer to construct an aptazyme sensor and demonstrated that this biosensor can achieve ATP detection in biological samples that contain RNases. The current work lays the foundation for exploring RNA-cleaving DNAzymes for engineering biosensors that are compatible with complex biological samples.
Laser Drilling Effusion Cooling Holes in Low NOx Turbine Engine Components (1996)

The move to turbine engine designs featuring low NOx emissions and greater fuel efficiency has resulted in a major change in design and manufacture of certain engine parts such as combustion chambers. For example, effusion cooling combustor designs use thousands of 0.5 mm diameter, shallow angle (less than 30 degrees from the surface) holes to provide a film of cooling air over the surface of the combustor. A variety of thermal barrier coatings are also used to protect the surface during operation. Laser drilling is playing a key role in the production of effusion cooling holes. Laser drilling, which uses the focused output of a high power industrial pulsed Nd:YAG laser to trepan the holes, has become the process of choice for producing these because of: - low heat input - rapid drilling rates - ability to drill ceramic coated metals - a minimum number of process variables contributes to reliable, repeatable processes This paper reviews the laser drilling process for producing effusion cooling holes, characteristics of the holes, and developments aimed at increasing the throughput and, therefore, reducing the cost for laser drilling. The paper also summarizes the key aspects of the laser system required to produce combustors that meet airflow and other quality (metallurgical) specifications.
Knee kinematics of posterior cruciate ligament sacrificed total knee arthroplasty. (1997)

Two different posterior stabilizing mechanisms in posterior cruciate ligament sacrificing total knee arthroplasty were evaluated to test knee kinematics, tibiofemoral contact location, and the quadriceps force needed to extend the knee. A posterior stabilizing post and a deeply dished polyethylene with a high anterior lip (anterior buildup stabilizing tibial articular surface) were tested in four anatomic specimen knees with a knee kinematics testing device. Both posterior stabilizing mechanisms partially restored anteroposterior stability, but the knees were still more lax than were the normal knees in the anteroposterior direction. The anterior buildup stabilizing tibial articular surface decreased rotational laxity in early flexion. Tibiofemoral contact location in the knees with the anterior buildup stabilizing tibial articular surface did not move posteriorly as the knee flexed, and the knees with this articular surface required significantly more quadriceps force to extend the knee than did the knees with a stabilizing post.
Effects on blood glucose, insulin, lipid and proatherosclerotic parameters in stable type 2 diabetic subjects during an oral fat challenge. (2004)

Oral fat load does not have an acute effect on blood glucose, total cholesterol, leptin and PAI-1 levels in both type 2 diabetic and normal subjects. TNF-alpha value showed decreased trend in both diabetic and normal subjects. The tendency of a delayed postprandial insulin response and elevated serum triglyceride level in diabetic subjects might be related to insulin resistance at the level of adipose tissue. Additional research is needed to assess the impact of the use of fat contents on the macronutrient composition of the diet, and potentially healthy and nutritional benefits for patients with diabetes.
Preparation and Characterization of Ultrafine Metal Particles in Ethanol by UV Irradiation Using a Photoinitiator (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Characterization of Ultrafine Metal Particles in Ethanol by UV Irradiation Using a PhotoinitiatorTetsuyuki Itakura, Kanjiro Torigoe, and Kunio EsumiCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 10, 4129–4134Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00010a079https://doi.org/10.1021/la00010a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1131Altmetric-Citations158LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Generic Security Policy Transformation Framework for WS-Security (2007)

Model-driven security is a framework to configure WS-security easily. It generates a security policy written in WS-security policy to be transformed into platform-specific configuration files. Since the WS-security policy specification is quite complicated, it is difficult to directly map between a security policy and a configuration. We propose a generic security policy transformation framework using an intermediate model. The intermediate model structure is designed based on the WS-security message structure, because both a security policy and the configuration files correspond to one WS-security message, even though the WS-security policy is flexible in specifying security requirements. Our contributions are simpler transformation rules compared to direct mapping, the support for various platforms, and more flexible updates if the WS-security policy specification changes. We demonstrate the transformation using the intermediate model for WebSphere application server 6.0.
Structure-activity relationship and mode of action study of insect growth regulators (2007)

A number of N,N′-dibenzoyl-N-t-butylhydrazine analogs containing various substituted benzoyl moieties were synthesized and their biological activity was measured using various biological systems. Larvicidal activity against Chilo suppressalis, Spodoptera exigua, and Leptinotarsa decemlineata was measured. In addition, the molting hormone activity was estimated by the ability to stimulate N-acetylglucosamine incorporation into cultured integument fragments from C. suppressalis larvae. Binding affinity to the receptor was assayed using proteins prepared by in vitro translation of the responsible cDNA cloned from a cell-free preparation of larval tissue of C. suppressalis or L. decemlineata. Binding to intact Sf-9 cells, which can be regarded as an index of the receptor binding, was also measured. Variations in the biological activity indices were either analyzed using physicochemical, molecular and substituent parameters or correlated between two different activity types. Comparisons among correlations clearly indicate the physicochemical and biological meaning of parameters significant in the correlation equations to increase our understanding of the molecular mechanism of molting hormones.
Molecular cloning of F11 fimbriae from a uropathogenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>and characterization of fimbriae with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (1985)

The genes coding for F11 fimbriae from the uropathogenic Escherichia coli C1976 were cloned by a cosmid cloning procedure. Two cosmid clones expressed F11 fimbriae and these clones possessed an identical DNA fragment of 8.9 kb. This fragment was subcloned into pBR322 and this plasmid still produced fimbriae and caused a mannose-resistant haemagglutination (MRHA). Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were produced against purified cloned F11 fimbriae. Both types of antibodies were used in inhibition tests of MRHA and adherence of bacteria to the uroepithelial cell line T24. After preincubation of bacteria with polyclonal antiserum the MRHA and the MR adherence were totally inhibited. Preincubation of bacteria with monoclonal antibodies did not inhibit MRHA and MR adherence.
Achieving Highly Efficient Fluorescent Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Through Optimizing Molecular Structures and Device Configuration (2011)

Abstract Based on the results of first‐principles calculations of the electronic properties of blue light‐emitting materials, the molecular structures of oligofluorenes are optimized by incorporating electron‐withdrawing groups into the molecules to balance hole and electron injection and transport for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). The result is a remarkable improvement in the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the undoped device from 2.0% to 4.99%. Further optimization of the device configurations and processing procedures, e.g., by changing the thickness of the emitting layer and through thermal annealing treatments, leads to a very high maximum EQE of 7.40% for the undoped sky‐blue device. Finally, by doping the emitter in a suitable host material, 4,4’‐bis(carbazol‐9‐yl)biphenyl (CBP), at the optimal concentration of 6%, pure blue emission with extremely high maximum EQE of 9.40% and Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.147, 0.139) is achieved.
Geotechnical Applications Of Vsp Surveys Using The Seismic Cone Penetrometer (1999)

We present a number of new ways to use the seismic cone penetrometer (SCPTU). These<br>applications include the prediction of stratigraphic boundaries in advance of the cone as well as<br>the refinement of the first break shear wave velocities. These applications depend upon the<br>acquisition of vertical seismic profile (VSP) data using the cone. The VSP acquisition is<br>achieved using standard SCPTU accelerometers and is an extension of SCPTU shear wave<br>velocity surveys. The data consist of both an upgoing and downgoing seismic wavefield. These<br>wavefields are easily identifiable and can be separated with a series of simple processing<br>techniques. VSP data are most commonly associated with common depth point (CDP) reflection<br>seismic surveys. We have demonstrated how the data can also be used effectively to obtain<br>geotechnical information.