gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An automatic system to detect and extract texts in medical images for de-identification (2010)

Recently, there is an increasing need to share medical images for research purpose. In order to respect and preserve patient privacy, most of the medical images are de-identified with protected health information (PHI) before research sharing. Since manual de-identification is time-consuming and tedious, so an automatic de-identification system is necessary and helpful for the doctors to remove text from medical images. A lot of papers have been written about algorithms of text detection and extraction, however, little has been applied to de-identification of medical images. Since the de-identification system is designed for end-users, it should be effective, accurate and fast. This paper proposes an automatic system to detect and extract text from medical images for de-identification purposes, while keeping the anatomic structures intact. First, considering the text have a remarkable contrast with the background, a region variance based algorithm is used to detect the text regions. In post processing, geometric constraints are applied to the detected text regions to eliminate over-segmentation, e.g., lines and anatomic structures. After that, a region based level set method is used to extract text from the detected text regions. A GUI for the prototype application of the text detection and extraction system is implemented, which shows that our method can detect most of the text in the images. Experimental results validate that our method can detect and extract text in medical images with a 99% recall rate. Future research of this system includes algorithm improvement, performance evaluation, and computation optimization.
Analytical study on the interface of polymer blends from advanced COPNA‐resin and nylon 6 (1997)

In the previous work, we introduced new polymer blends from the advanced COPNA-resin and nylon 6.1 The morphology of the polymer blends were quite different between the B-staged state and the fully cured state. In order to investigate a phenomenon occurred in the curing process, 13C Fourier transform-nuclear magnetic resonance (FT-NMR) spectral analysis, 15N FT-NMR spectral analysis, and Fourier transform infrared absorptional spectral analysis were carried out on the blends in a solid state. From the spectral analyses, it was revealed that a graft reaction occurred at the interface between the advanced COPNA-resin and the nylon 6. The difference of the morphology on the fully cured polymer blends was due to the following reason. In the curing process, generated benzyl-type cations of the B-staged Advanced COPNA-Resin initially attacked and combined with nitrogen in the amino groups of the nylon 6. In the late stage of the curing process, the cations mainly attacked and combined with π electrons of the condensed aromatics. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 549–557, 1997
Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Classification in MR-images using Multi-stage classifier (2006)

In this paper we present an integrated classifier that is used in mammogram MR-image for classification of breast cancers and abnormalities using a Multi-stage classifier, the method developed here first classifies mammograms into normal and abnormal and then for abnormal cases determines that if the case cancer is benign or malignant and also determine the type of breast cancer. In this paper there are two main topics that must be considered. First one is selection of good features and second is designing a good structure for classifier. In this study, the features are a combination of some features that are extracted from Spatial Grey Level Dependency matrix and some statistical descriptor of features. The results of simulation for this method are completely satisfying
815. Glycosides. Part II. The preparation of methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-O-methyl-β-<scp>D</scp>-glucopyranoside (1962)

P. A. Finan and C. D. Warren, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 4214 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620004214
Co-fired ceramic on metal multichip modules for advanced military packaging (2002)

A novel, low temperature co-fired ceramic on metal (LTCC-M) multilayer circuit board technology intended for dual-use by both the military and commercial market sectors is described in this paper. This technology has been optimized for low cost, high circuit density multichip modules and board level integration. Limitations of the present low-temperature co-fired ceramic systems have been overcome by using a metal core in the LTCC-M technology. This technology readily allows the design of rugged, yet lightweight, electronic modules. In addition, the co-fired metal core permits this technology to be readily scaleable in terms of circuit density, size, and power dissipation; thereby making this an excellent candidate for a dual-use technology. Several advanced military packaging applications are pointed out in this paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Polymorphisms of the Repeated Sequences in the Enhancer Region of the Thymidylate Synthase Gene Promoter May Predict Downstaging After Preoperative Chemoradiation in Rectal Cancer (2001)

This preliminary study suggests that TS repetitive-sequence polymorphisms are predictive for tumor downstaging. TR sequences in TS promoter may be useful as a novel means of predicting response to preoperative 5-FU-based chemoradiation.
Bacillus Coagulans GBI-30 (BC30) improves indices of Clostridium difficile-Induced colitis in mice (2011)

The probiotic BC30 improved some parameters of C. difficile-induced colitis in mice. BC30 prolonged the survival of C. diffiicle infected mice. Particularly, this probiotic improved the stool consistency of mice, in this infectious colitis model.
Execution-driven simulation of a superscalar processor (1994)

Describes an accurate and efficient simulator for a superscalar processor, the IBM RISC System/6000. This simulator was developed to obtain timing estimates for the execution of programs in an execution-driven simulation system. The simulator uses a new technique called in situ profiling, and a simplified runtime model of the RS/6000 processor to obtain dynamic timing estimates. The runtime model simulates the functional units of the processor as well as the data cache. It incorporates a novel approach to simulate the synchronization of the fixed-point and floating-point units which allows accurate timing predictions at relatively low cost. The time estimates produced by the profiler are typically within 5% of the measured times for a variety of programs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cystinuria genotypes predicted from excretion patterns (1978)

Genotypes of 17 patients with cystinuria were predicted from data based on excretion rates of the families' obligate carriers. The methodology differed from that used by other investigators as it did not employ intestinal biopsy studies or loading dose measurements. The Type I form was more common than either Type II or Type III and frequently occurred in combination to give compound heterozygous genotypes with the Type III form.
Deuteriation of sugar protons simplify NMR assignments and structure determination of large oligonucleotide by the<sup>1</sup>H-NMR window approach (1993)

The concept of the 1H-NMR window has been developed and examined through a comparative study of NOESY spectra of a self-complementary Dickerson's dodecamer (I) [5'd(5C6G7C8G9A10A11T12T13C-14G15C16G)2(3')], a self-complementary 20-mer (II) [(5'd(1C2G3C4G5C6G7C8G9A10A11T12T13C14G15C16G17C18G19C20G)2(3')] in which the core part consists of the same Dickerson's dodecamer sequence with the flanking CGCG residues at both 3' and 5'-ends, and the partly-deuteriated (shown by underlined CGCG residues at both 3' and 5'-ends) analogous duplex (III) [5'd(1C2G3C4G5C6G7C8G9A10A11T12T13C14G15C16G17C18G19C20G)2(3')] in which the core 5C to 16G part (i.e. 1H-NMR window) consists of the natural Dickerson's dodecamer sequence. A comparison of their NOESY spectra clearly demonstrates that the severe overlap of proton resonances in the larger DNA duplex (II) has been successfully reduced in the partly-deuterated duplex (III) as a result of specific incorporations of the sugar-deuteriated nucleotide residues in the latter [stereospecific > 97 atom % 2H enrichment at H2', H2'' and H3' sites, approximately 85 atom % 2H enrichment at H4' and approximately 20 atom % 2H enrichment at H1' (see refs. 10 and 11) in the 20-mer duplex (III)]. These simplifications of the resonance overlap by the deuteriation approach have enabled unequivocal chemical shift assignments and extraction of the quantitative NOE data in the 1H-NMR window part of duplex (III). A comparison of the 12-nucleotide long 1H-NMR window in (III) with that of the 12-mer duplex (I) also shows the scope of studying the changes in conformation and dynamics of the core 12-mer region in (III) which result from the increase of molecular weight due to the DNA chain extension. It is noteworthy that such a study is clearly impossible for the natural 20-mer (II) because of the inherent problem of the overlap of resonances.
Collective computational activity in self-assembled arrays of quantum dots: a novel neuromorphic architecture for nanoelectronics (1996)

We describe a new class of nanoelectronic circuits which exploits the charging behavior in resistively/capacitively linked arrays of nanometer-sized metallic islands (quantum dots), self-assembled on a resonant tunneling diode, to perform neuromorphic computation. These circuits produce associative memory effects and realize the additive short-term memory (STM) or content addressable memory (CAM) models of neural networks without requiring either large-area/high-power operational amplifiers, or massive interconnectivity between devices. Both these requirements had seriously hindered the application of neural networks in the past. Additionally, the circuits can solve NP-complete optimization problems (such as the traveling salesman problem) using single electron charge dynamics, exhibit rudimentary image-processing capability, and operate at room temperature unlike most quantum devices. Two-dimensional (2D) processors, with a 100/spl times/100 pixel capacity, can be fabricated in an area of 10/sup -8/ cm/sup 2/ leading to unprecedented functional density. Possible routes to synthesizing these circuits, employing self-assembly, are also discussed.
The guarded sphere as a gauging electrode in length metrology (1967)

The direct capacitance between a guarded sphere and a plane reference surface is shown to vary with spacing in accordance with an approximate theory, provided the spacing is reasonably small. A similar relationship is shown to hold for the capacitance between a guarded sphere and a circular cylinder. By means of these electrode systems displacements or dimensional differences may be measured in terms of capacitance with a precision to better than 0.01 μm. The accuracy is not affected by small errors of angle of the electrode in relation to the reference surface. The choice of the necessary capacitance bridge is discussed and some typical applications of spherical capacitance gauges are described.
Calcium-Dependent Regulation of Protein Synthesis in Intact Mammalian Cells (1990)

Extensive bodies of literature describe protein synthesis and processing; the endocrinology and metabolic bases whereby a variety of hormonal, mechanical, and nutritional influences affect cell function and adaptive responses; and various regulatory mechanisms mediating concerted intracellular control. Nonetheless, our current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the regulation and subordination of protein synthesis to the overall metabolic and stimulus-response status of the cell is inadequate. The endoplasmic reticulum is central to these concerns. Potential roles of the endoplasmic reticulum in the regulation of protein synthesis are largely unexplored. We have attempted in this rather speculative review, based largely on our own data, to project a view of the endoplasmic reticulum as moderating the rate of translation through a mechanism sensitive to sequestered Ca2+. Compensatory routes whereby cells accommodate to Ca2+ deprivation so as to resume reasonable rates of protein synthesis are seen also to focus on the endoplasmic reticulum. With additional research, the underlying relationships that exist among reticular Ca2+ storage, protein processing, and mechanisms of translational control should become more broadly evident. The prevailing view of Ca2+ as a regulator of cytosolic processes may require some extension if sequestered Ca2+ participates in biological control mechanisms emanating from the endoplasmic reticulum. In effect, a reciprocal relationship would presumably exist among processes supported by cytosolic free Ca2+ vs those promoted by sequestered stores of the cation. Speculatively, such reciprocity would allow the rapid diversion of energy from one set of processes to the other. Conceivably, chronic Ca2+ loading at sequestered sites may be related to certain cellular adaptive Ca2+ loading involving tissue hypertrophy. Potential examples of stretch-induced responses that could be cited include thickening of arteriolar smooth muscle walls in hypertension (8) and cardiac hypertrophy in aortic stenosis (46).
Abstract C174: Therapeutic reactivation of p53 through dual targeting of HDM2 and HDMX with a stapled p53 peptide (2009)

Abstract p53 is a transcription factor that induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage and cellular stress, and thereby plays a critical role in protecting cells from malignant transformation. The E3 ubiquitin ligase HDM2 controls p53 levels through a direct binding interaction that neutralizes the transactivation activity of p53 and targets it for degradation via the ubiquitylation-proteasomal pathway. Whereas the HDM2-homologue HDMX lacks ubiquitin ligase function, it participates in regulating the p53 axis by heterodimerizing with HDM2 to form an active E3 ligase and/or by binding to p53 to prevent it from functioning as a transcriptional regulator. Loss of p53 activity, either by deletion, mutation, or HDM2/HDMX overexpression, is the most common defect in human cancer. Tumors expressing wild type p53 are rendered vulnerable by pharmacologic approaches that stabilize and upregulate p53. In this context, HDM2 and HDMX have emerged as independent therapeutic targets for restoring p53 activity and resensitizing cancer cells to apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. The small molecule nutlin-3 is an effective antagonist of the p53-HDM2 interaction. However, several studies have demonstrated the inability of nutlin-3 to disrupt the p53-HDMX complex, rendering tumor cells that overexpress HDMX nutlin-3-resistant. We have previously described the synthesis and characterization of a hydrocarbon-stapled α-helical p53 peptide (SAH-p53-8) that binds HDM2 with low nanomolar affinity, targets HDM2 in situ, and reactivates the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in HDM2overexpressing osteosarcoma cells. We now report that SAH-p53-8 binds HDMX with even greater affinity, co-immunoprecipitates with endogenous HDMX, and induces p53-dependent apoptosis in nutlin-resistant cancer cells that overexpress HDMX. Thus, by inserting a chemical staple into a peptide fragment of the p53 transactivation domain, we have generated the first bifunctional HDM2/HDMX inhibitor to investigate and modulate both targets in cancer cells. We further report a novel mechanism to maximize pharmacological activity through combined use of HDM2-specific and bifunctional HDM2-HDMX antagonists. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):C174.
Performance of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and Liver Fatty Acid-Binding Protein and Combined Biomarkers of AKI after Cardiac Surgery (2013)

Postoperative elevations of KIM-1 associate with AKI and adverse outcmes in adults but were not independent of other AKI biomarkers. A panel of multiple biomarkers provided moderate discrimination for AKI.
A Tourism Recommender Agent: from theory to practice. (2008)

In this paper a multiagent Tourism Recommender System is presented.This system has a multiagent architecture and one of its main agents, the Travel Assistant Agent (T-Agent), is modelled as a graded BDI agent.The graded BDI agent model allows us to specify an agent architecture able to deal with the environment uncertainty and with graded mental attitudes.We focus on the implementational aspects of the multiagent system and specially on the T-Agent development, going from the theoretical agent model to a concrete agent implementation.
Current manipulation of a vortex confined in a micron-sized Fe19Ni81 disk (2009)

By measuring a rectifying planer Hall effect, we have manipulated a vortex core trapped in a single layered Fe19Ni81 disk dependent upon the magnitude of a dc current simultaneously applied with an rf current and a magnetic field. The observed behavior is attributed to a single vortex translational mode. The resonance frequency of the translational mode is found to be almost proportional to the magnitude of the dc current and to be governed by the shape of the energy potential well defined by the disk shape.
Measurement of mitochondrial free Ca2+ concentration in living single rat cardiac myocytes (1991)

A technique that allows the continuous measurement of mitochondrial free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]m) in a single living cardiac myocyte is described. It involves the introduction of the fluorescent chelating agent indo-1 into the cell by exposure to the acetoxymethyl ester, followed by selective quenching of the fluorescence of indo-1 in the cytosol by Mn2+. The identity of the remaining fluorescence due to intramitochondrial indo-1 is established by its resistance to treatment of the cell with digitonin at concentrations that release cytosolic but not mitochondrial enzymes and by the finding that ruthenium red and carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone prevent its response to elevated cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]c). [Ca2+]m is found to be low (less than 100 nM) in unstimulated cells and to rise in procedures that chronically elevate [Ca2+]c, such as Na+ replacement. The gradient [Ca2+]m/[Ca2+]c is less than unity at values of [Ca2+]c of less than 500 nM but rapidly increases at higher values of [Ca2+]c. Although there is no detectable increase in [Ca2+]m during a single electrical stimulation, [Ca2+]m increases up to 600 nM as the pacing frequency is raised to 4 Hz in the presence of norepinephrine; this increase occurs over the course of many contractions. It is concluded that these findings are consistent with an increase in [Ca2+]m acting as a signal to increase dehydrogenase activity, and hence flux through oxidative phosphorylation, in response to increased work loads.
2,3′,4,4′,5′‐Pentamethoxy‐<i>trans</i>‐stilbene, a resveratrol derivative, inhibits colitis‐associated colorectal carcinogenesis in mice (2010)

PMS effectively suppressed colon carcinogenesis in an AOM/DSS animal model and may merit further clinical investigation as a chemoprophylactic agent against colitis-associated colon cancer in humans.
A multiparameter sensor for continuous intra-arterial blood gas monitoring (1994)

The continuous intra-arterial blood gas monitor tested in this study measures and trends arterial blood gases with an acceptable level of clinical accuracy. Longevity and safety of sensor function have also been demonstrated.
Functional microRNA targets in protein coding sequences (2012)

Here we report a computational analysis of such miRNA target sites, based on features extracted from existing mammalian high-throughput immunoprecipitation and sequencing data. The analysis is performed independently for the CDS and the 3(')-untranslated regions (3(')-UTRs) and reveals different sets of features and models for the two regions. The two models are combined into a novel computational model for miRNA target genes, DIANA-microT-CDS, which achieves higher sensitivity compared with other popular programs and the model that uses only the 3(')-UTR target sites. Further analysis indicates that genes with shorter 3(')-UTRs are preferentially targeted in the CDS, suggesting that evolutionary selection might favor additional sites on the CDS in cases where there is restricted space on the 3(')-UTR.
Calcium signalling mediated by the α9 acetylcholine receptor in a cochlear cell line from the Immortomouse (2000)

1. We have investigated the characteristics of the alpha9 acetylcholine receptor (alpha9AChR) expressed in hair cell precursors in an immortalized cell line UB/OC-2 developed from the organ of Corti of the transgenic H-2Kb-tsA58 mouse (the Immortomouse) using both calcium imaging and whole-cell recording. 2. Ratiometric measurements of fura-2 fluorescence revealed an increase of intracellular calcium concentration in cells when challenged with 10 microM ACh. The calcium increase was seen in 66 % of the cells grown at 39 degrees C in differentiated conditions. A sm aller fraction (34%) of cells grown at 33 degrees C in proliferative con ditions responded. 3. Caffeine (10mM) elevated cell calcium. In the ab sence of caffeine, the majority of imaged cells responded only once to A Ch presentations. Pretreatment with caffeine ingibited all calcium respo nses to ACh. 4. In whole-cell tight-seal recordings 10 microM ACh activa ted inward current was dependent on the extracellular calcium concentrat ion with an estimated PCa/PNa of 80 for the alpha9 receptor at physiological calcium levels. 5 . The data indicate that ACh activates a calcium-permeable channel alpha 9AChR in UB/OC-2 cells and that the channel has a significantly higher c alcium permeability than other AChRs. The results indicate that the alp ha9AChR may be able to elevate intracellular calcium levels in hair cell s both directly and via store release.
Finding Speedup in Parallel Processors (2008)

While recently the focus of architects and programmers has been on multi core, the alternative of processor node plus array oriented accelerator has some significant advantages especially in compute intensive static applications. We propose an acceleration methodology based on FPGA arrays (but, in principle it could be GPU or Cell based). The methodology uses a comprehensive application analysis supported by high performance FPGA hardware. The analysis provides a dataflow graph of the application which is replicated in SIMD for multiple data strips until limited by the pin bandwidth, then pipelined (MISD) until circuit limited. An oil exploration application shows the possibility of speedup of over 300x over an Intel Xeon.
Photodeposition of Pt on Colloidal CdS and CdSe/CdS Semiconductor Nanostructures (2008)

Pt nanoparticles are deposited photochemically on the surfaces of colloidal CdS nanorods and CdSe/CdS nanoheterostructures. While Pt deposits at varying positions along CdS nanorods, the deposition on CdSe/CdS occurs preferentially near the CdSe core.
New Coenzymically‐Active Soluble and Insoluble Macromolecular NAD <sup>+</sup> Derivatives (1976)

Reaction in dimethyl sulfoxide of nicotinamide 8-bromoadenine dinucleotide with the disodium salt of 3-mercaptopropionic acid afforded nicotinamide-8-(2-carboxyethylthio)adenine dinucleotide, a new NAD+ analogue functionalized at the adenine C-8 position by an omega-carboxylic side chain. Carbodimide coupling of the latter derivative to high-molecular-weight water-soluble (polyethyleneimine, polylysine) and insoluble (aminohexy)-Sepharose) polymers gave the corresponding macromolecular NAD+ analogues. These derivatives have been shown to be enzymically reducible. The polyethyleneimine analogue showed a substantial degree of efficiency relative to free NAD+ with yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (47%) but a considerably lower one with rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenase (3%); the polylysine analogue showed a low degree of efficiency with both enzymes (5-6%).
Kunming environment information management system (2009)

Kunming environment information management system used at present is presented as well as the structure and the main function and the application of the system.