gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment with intraarticular infliximab for resistant knee monarthritis in a patient with spondylarthropathy: A role for scintigraphy with <sup>99m</sup>Tc‐infliximab (2005)

Positive experiences with intraarticular infliximab have been reported in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and Behcet's disease. We used intraarticular infliximab to treat resistant knee monarthritis in a patient with spondylarthropathy. Clinical and laboratory improvement was associated with improvement in scintigraphic findings. This approach is less expensive than intravenous administration of infliximab. We suggest that selection of candidates for this innovative therapy should be guided by anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha scintigraphy.
Erratum for “Roflumilast, a Novel Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, for COPD Patients with a History of Exacerbations” (2012)

This correction concerns Stephen K. Field, Roflumilast, a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, for COPD patients with a history of exacerbations. Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine. 2011;5:57–70. The full citation for the new version is: Stephen K. Field. Roflumilast, a Novel Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, for COPD Patients with a History of Exacerbations. Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and
Interactions Between Protein Disulphide Isomerase and Peptides (1997)

There is growing evidence that protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) has a common chaperone function in the endoplasmic reticulum. To characterise this function, we investigated the interaction of purified PDI with radiolabelled model peptides, somatostatin and mastoparan, by cross-linking. The interaction between the peptides and PDI was specific, for it showed saturation and was abolished by denaturation of PDI. The interaction between a hydrophobic peptide without cysteine residues was much more sensitive to Triton X-100 than the interaction between PDI and a more hydrophilic peptide with or without cysteine residues. We therefore propose that hydrophobic interactions between protein disulphide isomerase and peptides play an important role in the binding process. The interaction between PDI and the bound peptide therefore is enhanced by the formation of mixed disulphide bonds.
Rural distribution system planning using Smart Grid Technologies (2009)

The 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act states that all utilities must consider smart grid Technologies when making system investments and improvements. This paper will: Review the language in the Act that sets this requirement; Review the Values and Characteristics of a Smart Grid as defined by the Department of Energy; Discuss how these Values and Characteristics specifically can be applied to rural utility distribution systems; Describe some of the Smart Grid Technologies available today for use on rural distribution utility systems There is increased emphasis today to improve energy and operational efficiency for all distribution systems. Many utilities consider this as an important component in reducing their overall carbon footprint. This is especially challenging in rural areas with long, radial, mostly single phase distribution lines. This paper will discuss not only planning to best utilize the Smart Grid Technologies available to day, but how the planning process can be improved by utilizing the data received from these Technologies. The NRECA Transmission & Distribution System Planning Subcommittee is currently revision the RUS Long Range Planning Guide for Distribution Systems. This paper will discuss how the revised RUS Bulletin will address these Smart Grid topics.
Ceramic Package Solutions for MEMS Sensors (2007)

Implementation of microelectroMechanical systems (MEMS) sensors continues to increase as MEMS technology gains acceptance as a reliable and cost competitive design solution. Ceramic packages are one option that can offer the environmental protection for the sensor, and ceramic can also help the sensor achieve a miniaturized, flexible design solution that is capable of meeting the most demanding requirements. With flexural strengths between 400-620 MPa, thermal conductivities between 14-21 W/mK, and thermal coefficient of expansions ranging between 6.9-7.2 ppm/degC, the ceramic package can provide a stable platform to mount sensors that are sensitive to external stresses. Furthermore, if the sensor is sensitive to atmospheric conditions, ceramic packages can also offer a hermetic seal, capable of meeting a leak rate of 1 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-8</sup> Std cc He/sec (at one atmosphere). To meet the demands of miniaturization, ceramic packages can provide multiple die packaging arrangements, internal cavity structures, 50 mum vias and lines/spaces, footprints as small as 3 mm times 3 mm and package profiles less than 1 mm. The following paper will illustrate how ceramic packages have kept up with the miniaturization requirements of the most demanding MEMS sensors. It will show the trends of MEMS sensors and it will also show why ceramic remains an excellent packaging choice for MEMS packaging designers. Lastly, it will discuss new developments in ceramic packaging, which demonstrate how ceramic will continue to be a viable packaging material for future MEMS sensor designs.
Antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticle suspensions on a broad spectrum of microorganisms (2008)

Nanoparticle metal oxides represent a new class of important materials that are increasingly being developed for use in research and health-related applications. Highly ionic metal oxides are interesting not only for their wide variety of physical and chemical properties but also for their antibacterial activity. Although the in vitro antibacterial activity and efficacy of regular zinc oxides have been investigated, little is known about the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles of ZnO. Preliminary growth analysis data suggest that nanoparticles of ZnO have significantly higher antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus than do five other metal oxide nanoparticles. In addition, studies have clearly demonstrated that ZnO nanoparticles have a wide range of antibacterial effects on a number of other microorganisms. The antibacterial activity of ZnO may be dependent on the size and the presence of normal visible light. The data suggest that ZnO nanoparticles have a potential application as a bacteriostatic agent in visible light and may have future applications in the development of derivative agents to control the spread and infection of a variety of bacterial strains.
Design and Roadmap Methodology for Integrated Power Modules in High Switching Frequency Synchronous Buck Voltage Regulators (2009)

The proposed methodology encompasses four study phases that address the following key design aspects of integrated power modules (IPM) for voltage regulators: Fundamental switching understanding, determination of compact/accurate loss expressions and derivation of design rules, guidelines and figure of merits for converter optimisation. The applied methods are based on several modelling approaches suitable for the different study phases. The simplified loss model proves to be effective to breakdown the power losses of a state of the art IPM. Analysis of an optimised design leads to the identification of critical circuit and device parameters that may well condition the layout of future technological roadmap targets.
Tim Burton: "sigo igual de loco" (2010)

Tim Burton descubre a CINEMANIA todos los secretos de su Alicia en el Pais de las Maravillas y predice el futuro del 3D.
Effect of bromocriptine in patients with apomorphine-responsive erectile impotence: an open study. (1991)

An open pilot study was undertaken to investigate the therapeutic effect of the dopaminergic agent, bromocriptine (BC), in impotent patients who developed an erectile response to the dopamine receptor agonist, apomorphine. Eight out of 17 patients reported improvement in ability to obtain an erection; five of these 8 subjects were able to achieve penetration. The optimum dose of BC was 2.5 - 11.25 mg/day. A double-blind placebo-controlled study is merited.
Evidence of Osteoinduction by Grafton Demineralized Bone Matrix in Nonhuman Primate Spinal Fusion (2004)

The rhesus Matrix formulation performed better than the human Flex. Evidence of osteoinduction was seen in all four monkeys that received Matrix, which improved the fusion success of autograft. This alone suggested that it might play a role as a graft enhancer, not merely as a graft extender. Human studies are warranted.
Single Event Transient and TID Study in 28 nm UTBB FDSOI Technology (2016)

Measuring single-event transient (SET) pulse widths is critical for developing proper mitigation schemes to single-event effects (SEE), especially for advanced technologies. This paper presents a test chip design implementing advanced techniques for measuring SETs implemented in a 28 nm Ultra-Thin Body and Box (UTBB) FDSOI technology. Experimental results of heavy ion and Co-60 irradiation experiments are presented. The heavy ion experiments confirm that this technology has very low SEE sensitivity. Laser test results show that pulse distortion (broadening) plays a key role when evaluating the effect of SETs. Total Ionizing Dose (TID) effects were also evaluated by measuring the Ring Oscillator (RO) frequencies and static current during heavy ion and Co-60 irradiation. Experimental results showed that the RO frequencies degraded up to 10% (heavy ion), and 40% (Co-60) after 1000 krad(Si) irradiation, but the logic in the chip functioned without error.
The Evaluation of Students' Social Responsibility Education Based on Implicit Rubric and Its Optimization (2012)

Starting with the value demands of the students' social responsibility education,this sense fits rubric evaluation methods,proposes to follow guidance ideas of being principal part students according to the current students' social responsibility evaluation,to pursue their practice and combination of self-discipline and discipline,make the optimization of current students' social responsibility education from the two parts of optimization of metaphysical understanding and expansion of a physical practice.
A 3-D metal-direct-printed, low-cost, and light hexagonal waveguide Ka-band branch line coupler (2017)

A hexagonal waveguide branch line coupler suitable for manufacture by a 3-D printer is proposed in this study, and its design method is elucidated. The Ka-band coupler manufactured by a 3-D printer exhibits characteristics similar to those of a machined coupler, but its weight and cost is reduced by 40% and 66% respectively. Its effectiveness is also confirmed in this study.
Distributed source coding techniques for interactive multiview video streaming (2009)

We investigate coding tools for interactive multiview streaming (IMVS), where clients interactively request desired views for successive video frames, and in response the server sends the appropriate pre-compressed video data to the clients. Solution based on using only I-frames to support view switching would incur high transmission cost, while for that based on using only P-frames to encode every possible traversal, although it can minimize transmission cost, prohibitive server's storage may be required. Therefore, efficient solutions for IMVS need to consider the trade-off between transmission and storage cost. In this paper, we study the potential use of distributed source coding (DSC) in IMVS. Specifically, we propose two DSC constructions that could achieve good transmission-storage trade-offs. Central to these constructions is a method that can efficiently encode the least significant bits (LSB) of a frame to be decoded, leading to competitive storage and transmission requirements. Experiment results demonstrate these constructions compare favorably to existing tools, and could be valuable for interactive multiview streaming.
Masonry and Concrete (2000)

1. Introduction To Concrete And Masonry. 2. Understanding Concrete. 3. Concrete Construction Techniques. 4. Understanding Masonry. 5. Masonry Construction Techniques. 6. Footings, Foundation Walls, Basements and Slabs. 7. Masonry Veneer. 8. Paving. Appendices: Masonry Garden Walls. Retaining Walls.
Effects of oxidative stress and Ca<sup>2+</sup> agonists on molecular chaperones in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (1995)

Endothelial cell dysfunction is a key factor in oxidative stress-related pathology. Disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis is thought to be responsible for much of the endothelial cell dysfunction in oxidative stress. The expression of molecular chaperones (MC), which stabilize protein structures in normal and in stress conditions, reflects the Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent stress effects in the different cell compartments. By two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis combined with immunoblotting or microsequencing, we have identified 12 major MC in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC): (i) the endoplasmic reticulum-located MC GRP78, GRP94, protein disulfide isomerase, and calreticulin; (ii) the mitochondrial MC HSP65 and GRP75; and (iii) the cytosolic/nuclear MC HSP27, HSC70, HSP70, HSP90, cyclophilin, and ubiquitin. To differentiate oxidative stress- and Ca(2+)-mediated effects, HUVEC were exposed to 1) xanthine oxidase plus hypoxanthine to generate oxidative stress, 2) ionomycin plus ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N,N', N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) to deplete intracellular Ca2+ stores, or 3) thrombin to increase cytosolic Ca2+. De novo protein synthesis after exposure was quantified by the incorporation of [35S]methionine. Image processing with the MELANIE system was used to create and compare the 2-D maps of [35S]methionine-labeled proteins under conditions 1)-3) with those of the controls. In a total of 24 2-D gels, 9 different MC were detected in at least 5 out 6 experimental replicates and were subjected to numeric analysis. The statistics showed a > 10% increase in GRP78 (p < 0.05), HSP27, cyclophilin, and ubiquitin after oxidative stress.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Optimal design of a passive vibration absorber for a truss beam (1983)

The selection of the design parameters of passive vibration absorbers attached to a long cantilevered beam is studied. This study was motivated by the need for conducting parametric analysis of dynamics and control for Space-Shuttle-attached long beams. An optimization scheme using a quadratic cost function is introduced yielding the optimal sizing of the tip vibration absorber. Analytical solutions for an optimal absorber are presented for the case of one beam vibrational mode coupled with the absorber dynamics, and results are extended to cover the multiple mode case. An algorithm is developed to make an initial estimate of optimal tuning parameters which minimize the quadratic error cost function. Examples are given to illustrate the design concept.
A Novel Mouse Model for <i>De novo</i> Melanoma (2010)

Nevus-associated melanomas arise from pre-existing benign lesions, but de novo melanomas can also develop in the absence of such lesions. Few studies have addressed the latter phenomenon because no animal models have been described in which melanomas clearly develop in a de novo manner. In this study, we have address this need in defining RFP-RET-transgenic mice (RET mice) as a mouse model for multi-step melanomagenesis that proceeds via tumor-free, benign, premalignant, and malignant stages. Melanomas from RET mice exhibited decreased expression levels of endothelin receptor B (Ednrb) compared with benign tumors. In RET mice that were heterozygous for Ednrb (Ednrb+/-;RET mice), >80% of the arising primary tumors were malignant. Life span after tumor development in the mice was significantly shorter than in RET mice. Lung metastasis after tumor development was significantly higher than in RET mice. The observed process of melanomagenesis in Ednrb+/-;RET mice, which proceeded without a pre-existing benign lesion, along with the emergent characteristics in the model after tumor development corresponded well with the formation of de novo melanoma in humans. Our findings define a novel transgenic mouse model for de novo melanoma and suggest that reduced expression of Ednrb might facilitate the development of de novo melanoma in humans.
The acoustic properties of snores (1995)

This study was undertaken in an attempt to characterize the acoustic properties of snoring sounds in the time and frequency domains, and to correlate between these properties and the mechanical events underlying their production. Three experimental set-ups were used: 1) Dog model--six mongrel dogs, in which partial upper airway obstruction was created by an implanted supraglottic balloon. Flow, supraglottic pressure, and snoring sounds were recorded during different degrees of obstruction. Fifteen to 20 snores from each dog (total 100 snores) were analysed. 2) Simulated human snores--Six simulated snores from each of four subjects were recorded in two locations (trachea and ambient) with simultaneous airflow, and their correlations examined. 3) Snoring patients--snores were recorded with an ambient microphone from nine subjects with "heavy" snoring and no obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Forty to 50 snores from each subject were analysed (total of 400 snores). The snoring sound was analysed in the time (time-expanded waveform) and frequency (power spectrum) domains. After analysing these snores, we were able to identify two dominant patterns which are distinctly different from each other: the "simple-waveform" and the "complex-waveform". The complex-waveform snore is characterized by repetitive, equally-spaced, train of sound structures, starting with a large deflection followed by a decaying amplitude wave. In the frequency domain, it is characterized by multiple, equally-spaced peaks of power (comb-like spectrum). Simple-waveform snores have a quasi-sinusoidal waveform, with a range of variants, and almost no secondary internal oscillations. Their power spectrum contains only 1-3 peaks, of which the first is the most prominent. We developed a mathematical representation of these waveforms, which is presented along with its implications. The complex-waveform snores result from colliding of the airway walls and represent actual brief airway closure. Simple-waveform snores are of higher frequency and probably result from oscillation around a neutral position without actual closure of the lumen.
Evolution of intestinal apolipoprotein B mRNA editing. Chicken apolipoprotein B mRNA is not edited, but chicken enterocytes contain in vitro editing enhancement factor(s). (1992)

Mammalian intestinal apolipoprotein B (apoB) messenger RNA (mRNA) undergoes posttranscriptional editing, changing codon 2153 from CAA in apoB100 mRNA to an in-frame translational stop codon (UAA) in apoB48 mRNA. By contrast, chicken intestinal apoB cDNA contains a CAA codon at the corresponding site and apoB mRNA from chicken enterocytes, kidney, and liver is unedited. The cDNA sequence of chicken apoB spanning the edited base is divergent from mammalian apoB cDNA sequence, with 70% homology over the conserved 29-nucleotide sequence (6662-6690) flanking codon 2153. Efficient in vitro editing of both human and rat, but not chicken, synthetic apoB RNA was achieved using rat enterocyte S-100 extracts. By contrast, chicken enterocyte S-100 extracts failed to edit chicken, rat, or human synthetic apoB RNA. Mixing experiments, however, revealed that chicken enterocyte S-100 extracts enhance the in vitro editing activity of rat, pig, and human enterocyte S-100 extracts upon homologous RNAs. The editing enhancement activity of chicken enterocyte S-100 extracts is tissue-specific, heat-sensitive, substrate-saturable, and sensitive to proteinase K, but resistant to micrococcal nuclease. The activity was partially purified by Q-Sepharose chromatography and has an average molecular mass of 49 kDa when analyzed by gel filtration chromatography. We conclude that the evolutionary adaptation of intestinal apoB mRNA editing requires both a requisite RNA motif and tissue-specific factors which mediate the site-specific modification.
Energy conversion and high power pulse production using miniature magnetic flux compressors (2000)

The design, construction, and testing of miniature, high-power magnetic flux compressors are presented and discussed. The magnetic flux compressors are located inside high-speed, 30-mm projectiles that are launched with a high-pressure helium gun to velocities of approximately 300 m/s. The large deceleration force created when the projectile impacts the ground is used to power the magnetic flux compressor. Initial magnetic flux compressor currents of 200 mA are amplified up to 230 times to reach a peak current approaching 50 A. The output peak power is on the order of 3.5 kW into a 1-/spl Omega/ load with a pulse length of 100 to 150 /spl mu/s. Good agreement exists between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions for peak output current.
Concurrent Osteosarcoma Theranostic Strategy Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Drug-Loaded Bubbles (2019)

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone tumor in children and teenagers. The multidrug resistant property of OS produces a major obstacle to chemotherapy, since the effective drug dose cannot be achieved via conventional drug delivery routes without serious systemic cytotoxicity. Microbubbles in conjunction with ultrasound (US) has recently been shown to spatially and temporally permeabilize the cellular membrane, promoting drug penetration into tumors. Here, we investigated whether drug (doxorubicin, DOX)-loaded bubbles (DOX-bubbles) can serve as drug-loaded carriers in combination with US in order to facilitate tumor drug delivery. The proposed bubbles have a high payload capacity (efficiency of 69.4 ± 9.1%, payload of 1.4 mg/mL) for DOX. In vitro data revealed that when used in combination with US (1-MHz), these DOX-bubbles facilitate DOX entering into tumor cells. In tumor-bearing animals, DOX-bubbles + US could provide 3.7-fold suppression of tumor growth compared with the group without insonation (1.8 ± 0.9 cm<sup>3</sup> vs. 8.5 ± 2.2 cm<sup>3</sup>) because of the acceleration of DOX-induced tumor necrosis. In the meantime, the tumor perfusion and volume can be monitored by DOX-bubbles with contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. Our data provide useful information in support of translating the use of theranostic US-responsive bubbles for regulated tumor drug delivery into clinical use.
Cs<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Rb<sub><i>x</i></sub>PbCl<sub>3</sub> and Cs<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Rb<sub><i>x</i></sub>PbBr<sub>3</sub> Solid Solutions: Understanding Octahedral Tilting in Lead Halide Perovskites (2017)

The structures of the lead halide perovskites CsPbCl3 and CsPbBr3 have been determined from X-ray powder diffraction data to be orthorhombic with Pnma space group symmetry. Their structures are distorted from the cubic structure of their hybrid analogs, CH3NH3PbX3 (X = Cl, Br), by tilts of the octahedra (Glazer tilt system a–b+a–). Substitution of the smaller Rb+ for Cs+ increases the octahedral tilting distortion and eventually destabilizes the perovskite structure altogether. To understand this behavior, bond valence parameters appropriate for use in chloride and bromide perovskites have been determined for Cs+, Rb+, and Pb2+. As the tolerance factor decreases, the band gap increases, by 0.15 eV in Cs1–xRbxPbCl3 and 0.20 eV in Cs1–xRbxPbBr3, upon going from x = 0 to x = 0.6. The band gap shows a linear dependence on tolerance factor, particularly for the Cs1–xRbxPbBr3 system. Comparison with the cubic perovskites CH3NH3PbCl3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 shows that the band gaps of the methylammonium perovskites are anomalously large for APbX3 perovskites with a cubic structure. This comparison suggests that the local symmetry of CH3NH3PbCl3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 deviate significantly from the cubic symmetry of the average structure.