gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient algorithms for occlusion culling and shadows (2005)

The goal of this research is to develop more efficient techniques for computing the visibility and shadows in real-time rendering of three-dimensional scenes. Visibility algorithms determine what is visible from a camera, whereas shadow algorithms solve the same problem from the viewpoint of a light source.\n\nIn rendering, a lot of computational resources are often spent on primitives that are not visible in the final image. One visibility algorithm for reducing the overhead is occlusion culling, which quickly discards the objects or primitives that are obstructed from the view by other primitives. A new method is presented for performing occlusion culling using silhouettes of meshes instead of triangles. Additionally, modifications are suggested to occlusion queries in order to reduce their computational overhead.\n\nThe performance of currently available graphics hardware depends on the ordering of input primitives. A new technique, called delay streams, is proposed as a generic solution to order-dependent problems. The technique significantly reduces the pixel processing requirements by improving the efficiency of occlusion culling inside graphics hardware. Additionally, the memory requirements of order-independent transparency algorithms are reduced.\n\nA shadow map is a discretized representation of the scene geometry as seen by a light source. Typically the discretization causes difficult aliasing issues, such as jagged shadow boundaries and incorrect self-shadowing. A novel solution is presented for suppressing all types of aliasing artifacts by providing the correct sampling points for shadow maps, thus fully abandoning the previously used regular structures. Also, a simple technique is introduced for limiting the shadow map lookups to the pixels that get projected inside the shadow map.\n\nThe fillrate problem of hardware-accelerated shadow volumes is greatly reduced with a new hierarchical rendering technique. The algorithm performs per-pixel shadow computations only at visible shadow boundaries, and uses lower resolution shadows for the parts of the screen that are guaranteed to be either fully lit or fully in shadow.\n\nThe proposed techniques are expected to improve the rendering performance in most real-time applications that use 3D graphics, especially in computer games. More efficient algorithms for occlusion culling and shadows are important steps towards larger, more realistic virtual environments.
Flexible metasurfaces and metamaterials: A review of materials and fabrication processes at micro- and nano-scales (2015)

The ability to bend, stretch, and roll metamaterial devices on flexible substrates adds a new dimension to aspects of manipulating electromagnetic waves and promises a new wave of device designs and functionalities. This work reviews terahertz and optical metamaterials realized on flexible and elastomeric substrates, along with techniques and approaches to lend tunability to the devices. Substrate electromagnetic and mechanical characteristics suitable for flexible metamaterials are summarized for readers, followed by fabrication and processing techniques, and finally novel approaches used to-date to attain tunability. Future directions and emerging areas of interests are identified with these promising to transform metamaterial design and translate metamaterials into practical devices.
Cartoon animation and morphing by using the wavelet curve descriptor (2002)

Proposes a framework for cartoon animation and morphing by using a hierarchical planar curve descriptor based on the wavelet transform. To facilitate the animation task, the authors first model the motion of curves with the Lagrangian dynamic equation where the multiscale curve is driven by internal and external forces. The spatial and frequency localization property of the wavelet representation results in a virtually decoupled Lagrangian equation and, as a result, the computation is greatly simplified. The motion parameters, which contain the kinematic information of the control points, are extracted from motions of real video images. They are then used to generate motion sequences of similar nature. The authors also examine a highly automatic algorithm for non-self-intersecting contour morphing. Experiments of the proposed algorithms are conducted to demonstrate their performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The essential YycFG two‐component system controls cell wall metabolism in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2007)

Adaptation of bacteria to the prevailing environmental and nutritional conditions is often mediated by two-component signal transduction systems (TCS). The Bacillus subtilis YycFG TCS has attracted special attention as it is essential for viability and its regulon is poorly defined. Here we show that YycFG is a regulator of cell wall metabolism. We have identified five new members of the YycFG regulon: YycF activates expression of yvcE, lytE and ydjM and represses expression of yoeB and yjeA. YvcE(CwlO) and LytE encode endopeptidase-type autolysins that participate in peptidoglycan synthesis and turnover respectively. We show that a yvcE lytE double mutant strain is not viable and that cells lacking LytE and depleted for YvcE exhibit defects in lateral cell wall synthesis and cell elongation. YjeA encodes a peptidoglycan deacetylase that modifies peptidoglycan thereby altering its susceptibility to lysozyme digestion and YdjM is also predicted to have a role in cell wall metabolism. A genetic analysis shows that YycFG essentiality is polygenic in nature, being a manifestation of disrupted cell wall metabolism caused by aberrant expression of a number of YycFG regulon genes.
Poster: A virtual body for augmented virtuality by chroma-keying of egocentric videos (2009)

A fully-articulated visual representation of oneself in an immersive virtual environment has considerable impact on the subjective sense of presence in the virtual world. Therefore, many approaches address this challenge and incorporate a virtual model of the user's body in the VE. Such a "virtual body" (VB) is manipulated according to user motions which are defined by feature points detected by a tracking system. The required tracking devices are unsuitable in scenarios which involve multiple persons simultaneously or in which participants frequently change. Furthermore, individual characteristics such as skin pigmentation, hairiness or clothes are not considered by this procedure. In this paper we present a software-based approach that allows to incorporate a realistic visual representation of oneself in the VE. The idea is to make use of images captured by cameras that are attached to video-see-through head-mounted displays. These egocentric frames can be segmented into foreground showing parts of the human body and background. Then the extremities can be overlayed with the user's current view of the virtual world, and thus a high-fidelity virtual body can be visualized.
Prolonged Reduction of High Blood Pressure With an In Vivo, Nonpathogenic, Adeno-Associated Viral Vector Delivery of AT <sub>1</sub> -R mRNA Antisense (1997)

To produce a prolonged decrease in blood pressure, we have developed a nonpathogenic adeno-associated viral vector (AAV) with the antisense DNA for AT1-R. AAV has many advantages over other viral vectors. AAV does not stimulate inflammation or immune reaction. AAV enters nondividing cells and does not replicate. Therefore, it is an appropriate choice for gene therapy. Recombinant AAV was prepared with a cassette containing a cytomegalovirus promoter and the cDNA for the AT1 receptor inserted in the antisense direction. The cassette was packaged in the virion. Stable transfection of NG108-15 cells with the PAAV-AS (plasmid AAV) antisense to AT1-R produced a significant reduction in AT1 receptors. A single injection of the rAAV-AS (viral vector) was made in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats, either directly in the hypothalamus (1 microL) or in the lateral ventricles (5 microL). The result shows that there is a significant decrease of blood pressure (approximately 23 +/- 2 mm Hg) for up to 9 weeks after injection. Control injections of mock vector produced no change in blood pressure during the same time period in age-matched controls. In young spontaneously hypertensive rats (3 weeks), a single intracardiac injection of recombinant rAAV-AS reduced blood pressure and slowed the development of hypertension compared with controls (P < .01). The results suggest that a prolonged reduction in high blood pressure can be achieved with AAV vectors delivering antisense to inhibit AT1 receptors with a single administration.
Compensating for intraoperative soft-tissue deformations using incomplete surface data and finite elements (2005)

Image-guided liver surgery requires the ability to identify and compensate for soft tissue deformation in the organ. The predeformed state is represented as a complete three-dimensional surface of the organ, while the intraoperative data is a range scan point cloud acquired from the exposed liver surface. The first step is to rigidly align the coordinate systems of the intraoperative and preoperative data. Most traditional rigid registration methods minimize an error metric over the entire data set. In this paper, a new deformation-identifying rigid registration (DIRR) is reported that identifies and aligns minimally deformed regions of the data using a modified closest point distance cost function. Once a rigid alignment has been established, deformation is accounted for using a linearly elastic finite element model (FEM) and implemented using an incremental framework to resolve geometric nonlinearities. Boundary conditions for the incremental formulation are generated from intraoperatively acquired range scan surfaces of the exposed liver surface. A series of phantom experiments is presented to assess the fidelity of the DIRR and the combined DIRR/FEM approaches separately. The DIRR approach identified deforming regions in 90% of cases under conditions of realistic surgical exposure. With respect to the DIRR/FEM algorithm, subsurface target errors were correctly located to within 4 mm in phantom experiments.
Lithium : current applications in science, medicine, and technology (1985)

Partial table of contents: Lithium Separation by Ion Exchange (M. Abe). Lithium Crown Ether Complexes (G. Pacey). High Energy Lithium Batteries: Chemistry, Design, Performance, Applications, Safety, Disposal (N. Marincic). The Reactions of Metal Oxides with Liquid Lithium (M. Barker). Auger Spectroscopy as a Technique for the Analysis of Lithium Compounds (F. Schowengerdt). New Developments in the Chemistry of Polylithium Compounds (J. Chinn, et al.). The Early History of Lithium Therapy (F. Johnson). Lithium Toxicology (R. Fieve and E. Peselow). Lithium in the Control of Herpesvirus Infections (D. Horrobin). Author and Subject Indexes.
Radioactive Holmium Acetylacetonate Microspheres for Interstitial Microbrachytherapy: An In Vitro and In Vivo Stability Study (2011)

HoAcAcMS are stable both in vitro and in vivo and are suitable for intratumoral radionuclide treatment.
Fibronectin and α5β1 integrin mediate binding of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to repairing airway epithelium (1999)

Initial infection of the airway by Pseudomonas aeruginosa may occur through a variety of bacterial strategies including binding to epithelial receptors present at the surface of the respiratory epithelium. In order to characterize the adherence sites for P. aeruginosa in damaged and repairing bronchial tissue, an ex vivo model of airway epithelial injury and repair was developed using primary cell cultures of nasal cells from 14 subjects with polyposis. P. aeruginosa strongly adhered to flattened dedifferentiated (FD) bronchial and nasal cytokeratin 13-positive epithelial cells in the process of migration for repair. In in vitro experiments, competitive binding inhibition assays demonstrated that alpha5beta1 integrins and cellular fibronectin, in particular the RGD sequence, are receptors involved in P. aeruginosa adherence to FD nasal epithelial cells. Fluorescent cell sorting analysis and immunofluorescence techniques revealed that the alpha5beta1 integrins are overexpressed and apically exposed in FD nasal epithelial cells. One 50 kDa outer membrane protein was identified in piliated and nonpiliated strains of P. aeruginosa that was involved in binding to cellular fibronectin and alpha5beta1 epithelial integrins. These results demonstrate that Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence is related to the dedifferentiation of airway epithelium during the repair process which unmasks and upregulates the alpha5beta1 integrin expression and induces active synthesis of cellular fibronectin. These epithelial receptors are then used by a Pseudomonas aeruginosa 50 kDa outer membrane protein as sites of bacterial adherence.
Retracted Article: Intracellular fluorescent thermometry and photothermal-triggered drug release developed from gold nanoclusters and doxorubicin dual-loaded liposomes (2013)

Gold nanoclusters and doxorubicin dual-loaded liposomes were prepared by using a supercritical CO2 method, and developed toward intracellular fluorescent thermometry, photothermal-triggered drug release and tumor therapy.
Silicon Photonic Biosensors for Lab‐on‐a‐Chip Applications (2008)

In the last two decades, we have witnessed a remarkable progress in the development of biosensor devices and their application in areas such as environmental monitoring, biotechnology, medical diagnostics, drug screening, food safety, and security, among others. The technology of optical biosensors has reached a high degree of maturity and several commercial products are on the market. But problems of stability, sensitivity, and size have prevented the general use of optical biosensors for real field applications. Integrated photonic biosensors based on silicon technology could solve such drawbacks, offering early diagnostic tools with better sensitivity, specificity, and reliability, which could improve the effectiveness of in‐vivo and in‐vitro diagnostics. Our last developments in silicon photonic biosensors will be showed, mainly related to the development of portable and highly sensitive integrated photonic sensing platforms.
A computer linear regression model to determine ventilatory anaerobic threshold (1982)

The anaerobic threshold has generally been determined by simple visual inspection of ventilation or other gas-exchange data obtained during incremental exercise. To establish objective criteria for the determination of anaerobic threshold, a computer algorithm has been developed that models the ventilatory response to exercise using multisegment linear regression. The best-fit regression model is chosen by minimizing the pooled residual sum of squares . The anaerobic threshold is reported as the first break point in that model. The computer-determined anaerobic threshold values for 37 subjects were compared with subjectively determined values as chosen by four independent observers. The observers' estimates, when pooled to yield a single a single value for each subject, gave a mean value for the gas-exchange anaerobic threshold of 2.26 +/- 0.69 l/min. The estimates by the computer method averaged 2.21 +/- 0.65 l/min. The correlation coefficient for these two methods was 0.94.
Higher in vivo muscarinic‐2 receptor distribution volumes in aging subjects with an apolipoprotein E‐ϵ4 allele (2003)

The apolipoprotein E-epsilon4 allele confers an increased susceptibility to age-related memory problems and Alzheimer's disease. Abnormalities in the cholinergic system are also likely contributors to memory deficits associated with aging and AD. To determine the effect of the APOE-epsilon4 allele on the muscarinic component of the cholinergic system of aging subjects, 10 healthy subjects with APOE-epsilon4 alleles (APOE-epsilon4+) and 10 without (APOE-epsilon4-), ranging in age from 52 to 75 years, were tomographically scanned with the F-18-labeled muscarinic-2 (M2) selective agonist, 3-(3-(3-[(18)F]Flouropropyl)thio)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methylpyridine ([(18)F]FP-TZTP). The distribution volumes (V(T)) of [(18)F]FP-TZTP were determined by compartmental modeling of partial volume and free fraction corrected PET scans. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurements with H(2) (15)O were also performed. Global Gray V(T) (840 +/- 155 ml plasma/ml tissue) was greater in APOE-epsilon4+ subjects than APOE-epsilon4- subjects (660 +/- 113 ml plasma/ml tissue, P = 0.01), and previously studied younger subjects. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to rCBF, but within the APOE-epsilon4+ group there was a trend for subjects with the higher Global Gray V(T)s to have lower Global Gray CBFs (r = -0.65, P < 0.06). A lower concentration of acetylcholine in the synapse of APOE-epsilon4+ older individuals is a likely explanation for the greater [(18)F]FP-TZTP distribution volumes.
A selective chromogenic reagent for cyanide determination (2002)

A chromogenic reagent for cyanide determination in water based on the reaction of this anion with a squaraine derivative functionalized with ether chains has been developed.
Self-Assembled Silica Gel Networks (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSelf-Assembled Silica Gel NetworksJoseph Wang, Prasad V. A. Pamidi, and Dilson R. ZanetteView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, MSC 3C New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 23, 5852–5853Publication Date (Web):May 30, 1998Publication History Received17 December 1997Published online30 May 1998Published inissue 1 June 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9742747https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9742747rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views903Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Electrodes,Gold,Monolayers,Precursors,Silica Get e-Alerts
Liposomes as MR contrast agents: Pros and cons (1991)

Liposomes are generally thought of as being useful for entrapping drugs within their internal aqueous space. When used with MR contrast agents, this has the drawback that water flux across the membrane bilayer is limiting to contrast enhancement. This can be partially overcome by making the liposomes very small, such that surface area is relatively great compared to internal volume, thereby facilitating water exchange. Alternatively the membranes can be designed to be permeable to water but this may render the vesicles unstable in serum. Another approach is to incorporate the contrast agents into the lipid bilayer. By designing novel complexes of manganese with the ligands incorporated onto dual acyl chains, we have achieved R1 and R2 values of over 20/mmol sec-1 or more than five times higher than Gd-DTPA. Hepatic metastasis detection is significantly improved in rats at doses of only 10 mumol/kg manganese. Membrane-bound manganese complexes function as highly effective liver imaging agents and merit further study for development as agents to undergo human clinical trials.
Demonstration and Characterization of a Specific Interaction between Gonococcal Transferrin Binding Protein A and TonB (2002)

Iron scavenging by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is accomplished by the expression of receptors that are specific for host iron-binding proteins, such as transferrin and lactoferrin. Efficient transferrin-iron acquisition is dependent on the combined action of two proteins, designated TbpA and TbpB. TbpA is a TonB-dependent outer membrane receptor, whereas TbpB is lipid modified and serves to increase the efficiency of transferrin-iron uptake. Both proteins, together or separately, can be isolated from the gonococcal outer membrane by using affinity chromatography techniques. In the present study, we identified an additional protein in transferrin-affinity preparations, which had an apparent molecular mass of 45 kDa. The ability to copurify this protein by transferrin affinity was dependent upon the presence of TbpA and not TbpB. The amino-terminal sequence of the 45-kDa protein was identical to the amino terminus of gonococcal TonB, indicating that TbpA stably interacted with TonB, without the addition of chemical cross-linkers. Using immunoprecipitation, we could recover TbpA-TonB complexes without the addition of transferrin, suggesting that ligand binding was not a necessary prerequisite for TonB interaction. In contrast, a characterized TonB box mutant of TbpA did not facilitate interaction between these two proteins such that complexes could be isolated. We generated an in-frame deletion of gonococcal TonB, which removed 35 amino acids, including a Neisseria-specific, glycine-rich domain. This mutant protein, like the parental TonB, energized TbpA to enable growth on transferrin. Consistent with the functionality of this deletion derivative, TbpA-TonB complexes could be recovered from this strain. The results of the present study thus begin to define the requirements for a functional interaction between gonococcal TbpA and TonB.
Intelligent Code Completion with Bayesian Networks (2015)

Code completion is an integral part of modern Integrated Development Environments (IDEs). Developers often use it to explore Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). It is also useful to reduce the required amount of typing and to help avoid typos. Traditional code completion systems propose all type-correct methods to the developer. Such a list is often very long with many irrelevant items. More intelligent code completion systems have been proposed in prior work to reduce the list of proposed methods to relevant items. This work extends one of these existing approaches, the Best Matching Neighbor (BMN) algorithm. We introduce Bayesian networks as an alternative underlying model, use additional context information for more precise recommendations, and apply clustering techniques to improve model sizes. We compare our new approach, Pattern-based Bayesian Networks (PBN), to the existing BMN algorithm. We extend previously used evaluation methodologies and, in addition to prediction quality, we also evaluate model size and inference speed. Our results show that the additional context information we collect improves prediction quality, especially for queries that do not contain method calls. We also show that PBN can obtain comparable prediction quality to BMN, while model size and inference speed scale better with large input sizes.
Der Weiberheld (2014)

No AccessDie 24 Gesetze der VerführungSep 2014Der WeiberheldRobert GreeneRobert Greenehttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446440623.002SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2014Pages: 27-31Print ISBN: 978-3-446-44035-7eISBN: 978-3-446-44062-3 Copyright & Permissions© 2014 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...