gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The potential value of faecal lactoferrin as a screening test in hospitalized patients with diarrhoea (2009)

In hospitalized patients, a normal FL effectively excludes inflammatory diarrhoea and is proposed as a screening test prior to microbiological assessment of faeces. Prospective evaluation of this approach is warranted.
A Dual-Band HF / UHF Antenna for RFID Tags (2008)

Conventional RFID (radio frequency identification) systems operating at one single carrier frequency can hardly handle the great variety of shapes and materials that occur in products and packaging. In this contribution a dual-band antenna is presented that allows operation in the 13.56 MHz band as well as in the 868 MHz band. This provides two options to establish a data link to each object equipped with a dual-band RFID tag. The credit-card sized antenna consists of a very thin copper- plated polyimide substrate that is flexible and can be integrated into packaging. Measurements revealed that the antenna provides a quality factor of 54 in the 13.56 MHz band and a gain of -4.69 dBi in the 868 MHz band.
Intracavity nearly degenerate four-wave mixing in a (GaAl)As semiconductor laser (1985)

Intracavity nearly degenerate four-wave mixing has been demonstrated by injecting a low intensity probe beam of frequency ω−δω inside a (GaAl)As semiconductor laser operating above threshold at the pump frequency ω. Conjugated reflectivities as high as 5000 together with a 25% energy conversion efficiency are reported with only a few milliwatt pump power. Additional peaks related to the ac stark effect have been observed at a detuning which depended on the pump power. This process could be useful for the study of instabilities occurring in lasers as well as for optical amplification in laser diodes.
In vitro and early in vivo development of sheep gynogenones and putative androgenones (1998)

Genomic imprinting, where only one of the two parental genes is expressed, occurs in many phyla. In mammals, however, this phenomenon has been primarily studied in mice, and to a lesser extent, in humans. To understand how genomic imprinting may affect development in other species, particularly those with a different mode of placental development from mice and humans, 339 sheep zygotes were micromanipulated to contain either 2 large (presumptive male) or 2 small (presumptive female) pronuclei. One hundred and twenty-seven of these embryos and 86 manipulated and nonmanipulated control embryos were transferred to recipient ewes over 3 breeding seasons. Twenty-one control and 7 experimental conceptuses were recovered on day 21. Four of these conceptuses derived from zygotes with 2 small pronuclei were identified by karyotyping to be gynogenones (maternal-derived genome). While the gross morphology of the embryos appeared no different to those of normal controls, the extra-embryonic tissue from the conceptuses showed some hypertrophy and hypervascularization. Preliminary Northern blots of mRNA from allantoic and trophoblast tissue showed an overexpression of H19 and an underexpression of IGF2. Although the sheep gynogenetic phenotype contrasts with that seen in mice, these two genes appear to be similarly differentially expressed.
Investigating Espionage - Phillip Knightley: The Second Oldest Profession, London, Andre Deutsch, 1986, 436 pp, £14.95. - Barrie Penrose and Simon Freeman: Conspiracy of Silence: The Secret Life of Anthony Blunt, London, Collins (Grafton Books), 1986, 588 pp, £14.95. - Nigel West: Molehunt, London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1987, 208 pp, £10.95. (1987)

Investigating Espionage - Phillip Knightley: The Second Oldest Profession, London, Andre Deutsch, 1986, 436 pp, £14.95. - Barrie Penrose and Simon Freeman: Conspiracy of Silence: The Secret Life of Anthony Blunt, London, Collins (Grafton Books), 1986, 588 pp, £14.95. - Nigel West: Molehunt, London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1987, 208 pp, £10.95. - Volume 22 Issue 4
Clustering Stability and Ground Truth: Numerical Experiments (2015)

Stability has been considered an important property for evaluating clustering solutions. Nevertheless, there are no conclusive studies on the relationship between this property and the capacity to recover clusters inherent to data (“ground truth”). This study focuses on this relationship resorting to synthetic data generated under diverse scenarios (controlling relevant factors). Stability is evaluated using a weighted cross-validation procedure. Indices of agreement (corrected for agreement by chance) are used both to assess stability and external validation. The results obtained reveal a new perspective so far not mentioned in the literature. Despite the clear relationship between stability and external validity when a broad range of scenarios is considered, within-scenarios conclusions deserve our special attention: faced with a specific clustering problem (as we do in practice), there is no significant relationship between stability and the ability to recover data clusters.
Vein and Fingerprint Biometrics Authentication- Future Trends (2009)

Biometric signatures, or biometrics, are used to identify individuals by measuring certain unique physical and behavioral characteristics. Individuals must be identified to allow or prohibit access to secure areas—or to enable them to use personal digital devices such as, computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), or mobile phone. Virtually all biometric methods are implemented using the following 1) sensor, to acquire raw biometric data from an individual; 2) feature extraction, to process the acquired data to develop a feature-set that represents the biometric trait; 3) pattern matching, to compare the extracted feature-set against stored templates residing in a database; and 4) decision-making, whereby a user’s claimed identity is authenticated or rejected. In this paper, a compact system that consists of a CMOS fingerprint sensor (FPC1011F1) is used with the FPC2020 power efficient fingerprint processor ; which acts as a biometric sub-system with a direct interface to the sensor as well as to an external flash memory for storing finger print templates. Distinct Area Detection (DAD) algorithm; which is a feature based algorithm is used by the fingerprint processor, which offer improvements in performance. Vein authentication is another recent advancement in biometrics. Vein biometrics is discussed and comparison with other biometrics is revealed. Key-Words: Access control, Vein biometrics, Fingerprint processor, Fingerprint authentication, Biometrics.
Clay/polymer composites: the story (2004)

Clay/polymer nanocomposites offer tremendous improvement in a wide range of physical and engineering properties for polymers with low filler loading. This technology can now be applied commercially and has received great attention in recent years. The major development in this field has been carried out over the last one and half decades. The progress, advantages, limitations, and current problems will be discussed in this review. So far, significant progress has been made in the development of synthetic methods, application to engineering polymers, and the investigation of major engineering properties. However, we are far from the end of the tunnel in terms of understanding the mechanisms of the enhancement effect in nanocomposites.
New method of linking tryptophan to cysteine sulphydryl groups in peptides and proteins (1976)

A new simple method for establishing a crosslink between tryptophan and cysteine leading to tryptathionine (1), involving the reaction of 3a-hydroxy-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylic acid (2) with cysteine in 25% trifluoroacetic acid, is described.
Immunogenicity of liposomal model membranes in mice: dependence on phospholipid composition. (1977)

This investigation demonstrated that antigenic expression in liposomal model membranes may be markedly influenced by phospholipid composition. Incorporation of dinitrophenylaminocaproylphosphatidylethanolamine (Dnp-Cap-PE) into egg lecithin/cholesterol/dicetylphosphate bilayers did not significantly enhance the response of AKR mice to this synthetic amphipathic antigen. In contrast, the immunogenicity of Dnp-Cap-PE was increased (as measured by either plaque-forming cell frequency of hemagglutination titer) after its insertion into liposomes prepared with beef sphingomyelin instead of egg lecithin. We also show that the response to the Dnp-Cap determinant can be stimulated by the presence of lipid A in the same bilayers without altering the relative immunogenic potency of the sphingomyelin and lecithin liposomes; similarly, incorporation of this mitogen into sphingomyelin liposomes produced a greater polyclonal (nonspecific) response. The response to Dnp-Cap-PE-sensitized liposomes (with or without lipid A) prepared with a series of synthetic phosphatidylcholines (distearoyl-, dipalmitoyl-, dimyristoyl-, dilauroyl-, dioleoyl-) suggests a direct correlation between liposomal immunogenicity and transition temperature of the phospholipid.
Nuclear targeted suppression of NF-kappa B activity by the novel quinone derivative E3330. (1998)

The activation of NF-kappa B consists of at least three steps: degradation of I kappa B alpha, translocation of NF-kappa B into the nucleus, ai post-translational modification of NF-kappa B (e.g., phosphorylation of p65). In the present study, we found that a novel quinone derivative E3330 selectively inhibited NF-kappa B-mediated gene expression without affecting any of these steps. E3330, when included in the culture medium, suppressed NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity in PMA-induced Jurkat cell nuclear extracts, suggesting that the inhibition by E3330 of NF-kappa B-mediated gene expression was due to its ability to suppress NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity. Fractionation of the nuclear extracts by column chromatography revealed that a nuclear factor enhanced NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity and that this enhancing activity was interrupted after treatment with E3330. Moreover, a major polypeptide with a molecular mass of 40 kDa was found to be in the highly purified fraction containing the NF-kappa B-enhancing activity and predominantly bind E3330. Taken together, these results suggest that the NF-kappa B activity, after dissociation from I kappa B, is enhanced by a nuclear factor that is active irrespective of PMA treatment, and the nuclear factor-mediated enhancement is selectively inhibited by E3330. Thus, we conclude that E3330 may belong to a novel class of anti-NF-kappa B drugs.
aroma.affymetrix: A generic framework in R for analyzing small to very large Affymetrix data sets in bounded memory (2008)

We have developed a cross-platform open-source framework for analyzing Affymetrix data sets consisting of 1 to 1,000s of arrays. By working directly with CDF and CEL files (standard Affymetrix file formats) most chip types are automatically supported, e.g. expression, SNP, and exon arrays. The package provides methods for low-level analysis such as background correction of different kinds, allelic cross-talk calibration, quantile and affine normalization, PCR fragment-length and GC-content normalization, probe-level summarization such as robust log-additive and multiplicative modeling, as well as a set of methods for high-level analysis, e.g. chromosomal segmentation and alternative splicing. Results can be exported to dynamical HTML reports for easy navigation of a large set of arrays both offline and online. All algorithms have been optimized to run in bounded memory (as low as 500MB of RAM) by either redesigning the algorithms or by processing data in chunks. Transformed data and parameter estimates are stored on file in standard file formats, which in turn minimizes the memory overhead, but also makes them immediately accessible to other software. Moreover, storing intermediate results in persistent memory makes computational expensive analyses more robust against system failures and allows for quick resumes. In addition to making common algorithms readily available, this package was designed to allow for quicker development of novel models and incorporation of existing ones, such as Bioconductor methods, and be prepared for future chip types. <b>Availability:</b> Software, documentation, examples and a user forum are available at http://www.braju.com/R/aroma.affymetrix/.
Synthesis of Fe3O4@SnO2 core–shell nanorod film and its application as a thin-film supercapacitor electrode (2012)

Considerable areal capacitance (mF cm(-2) level) and long cycling stability (2000 cycles, the best ever for Fe(3)O(4)-based electrodes) are demonstrated for the first time for Fe(3)O(4)@SnO(2) core-shell nanorod film, which is grown directly on a current collector substrate.
Nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation becomes independent of β-adrenergic receptor activation with increased intensity of hypoxic exercise (2010)

Hypoxic vasodilation in skeletal muscle at rest is known to include β-adrenergic receptor-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) release. We previously reported that the augmented skeletal muscle vasodilation during mild hypoxic forearm exercise includes β-adrenergic mechanisms. However, it is unclear whether a β-adrenergic receptor-stimulated NO component exists during hypoxic exercise. We hypothesized that NO-mediated vasodilation becomes independent of β-adrenergic receptor activation with increased exercise intensity during hypoxic exercise. Ten subjects (7 men, 3 women; 23 ± 1 yr) breathed hypoxic gas to titrate arterial O(2) saturation to 80% while remaining normocapnic. Subjects performed two consecutive bouts of incremental rhythmic forearm exercise (10% and 20% of maximum) with local administration (via a brachial artery catheter) of propranolol (β-adrenergic receptor inhibition) alone and with the combination of propranolol and nitric oxide synthase inhibition [N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA)] under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Forearm blood flow (FBF, ml/min; Doppler ultrasound) and blood pressure [mean arterial pressure (MAP), mmHg; brachial artery catheter] were assessed, and forearm vascular conductance (FVC, ml·min(-1)·100 mmHg(-1)) was calculated (FBF/MAP). During propranolol alone, the rise in FVC (Δ from normoxic baseline) due to hypoxic exercise was 217 ± 29 and 415 ± 41 ml·min(-1)·100 mmHg(-1) (10% and 20% of maximum, respectively). Combined propranolol-l-NMMA infusion during hypoxic exercise attenuated ΔFVC at 20% (352 ± 44 ml·min(-1)·100 mmHg(-1); P < 0.001) but not at 10% (202 ± 28 ml·min(-1)·100 mmHg(-1); P = 0.08) of maximum compared with propranolol alone. These data, when integrated with earlier findings, demonstrate that NO contributes to the compensatory vasodilation during mild and moderate hypoxic exercise; a β-adrenergic receptor-stimulated NO component exists during low-intensity hypoxic exercise. However, the source of the NO becomes less dependent on β-adrenergic mechanisms as exercise intensity increases.
Fault Detection and Isolation in a Spiral-Wound Reverse Osmosis (RO) Desalination Plant (2014)

Sensor fault detection and isolation (SFDI) approaches, based on support vector regression (SVR) plant sensor models and self-organizing-map (SOM) analysis, were investigated for application to reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant operation. SFDI-SVR and SFDI-SOM were assessed using operational data from a small spiral-wound RO pilot plant and synthetic faulty data generated as perturbations relative to normal plant operational data. SFDI-SVR was achieved without false negative (FN) detections for sensor deviations of ≳|10%| and FN detections of, at the most, ≲|5%|, and for sensor deviations of ≳|4%| at sensor fault detection (FD) thresholds of up to ∼|4%|. False positive (FP) detections were almost invariant, with respect to sensor FD, being ≲|5%| for sensor deviations of ≳|5%|. Corrections of faulty sensor readings were within SVR model accuracy (AARE < 1%) for SFDI-SVR and ≲|5%| for SFDI-SOM. Although SFDI-SOM has lower detection accuracy, it requires a single overall plant model (or SOM), while providing pictorial representation of plant operation and depiction of faulty operational trajectories.
Efficient power management for Wireless Sensor Networks: A data-driven approach (2008)

Providing energy-efficient continuous data collection services is of paramount importance to Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications. This paper proposes a new power management framework called Data-Driven Power Management (DDPM) as the infrastructure for integrating various energy efficient techniques, such as the approximate querying and the sleep scheduling. By utilizing the beneficial properties of these techniques, we can achieve better energy efficiency while still meeting the application specific criteria, such as data accuracy and communication latency. The distinguishing feature of DDPM is that it starts by exploiting the natural tradeoff between the quality of the sensor data and the energy consumption, and then it generates a precision-guaranteed estimation for each sensor node as its maximum sleep time. Eventually deterministic schedules can be made by the DDPM based on these estimations. We further propose two decentralized algorithms so that the undesirable communication delays caused by staggered local sleep schedules can be avoided. The experimental results show that the nodespsila sleep times can be significantly increased while incurring only a minor rise in latency.
Efficient optical Kerr shutter for femtosecond time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy (2000)

We have measured optical Kerr effect responses, transmission spectra, and emission properties due to two photon absorption for 17 kinds of optical glass materials and have evaluated their capabilities as an optical Kerr shutter (OKS) for time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy. There is a tendency that the larger the refractive index and dispersion are, the higher the electronic response of optical Kerr effect becomes. Transmission efficiency as high as several percents with the time resolution of 350 fs is obtained using a highly Bi2O3-doped glass plate under 200 kHz repetitive pulse excitation. The time-resolved luminescence spectrum of Zn-tetraphenylporphyrin dye solution is demonstrated using the combination of the OKS and a monochromator equipped with a charge coupled device detector.
Phase I/II study of bisantrene in childhood cancer: A report from the childrens cancer study group (1988)

Abstract A phase I/II study of bisantrene using a 3‐week schedule was undertaken in 171 children with refractory leukemias and solid tumors. The doses ranged from 190 to 430 mg/m 2 . The maximum tolerated dose for children with solid tumors and acute leukemias was 280 mg/m 2 and 360 mg/m 2 every 3 weeks, respectively. The dose limiting toxicities were hepatic and hematologic. One patient with ALL achieved a complete remission and partial responses were observed in three patients with soft‐tissue sarcomas. The data indicate that bisantrene, at the doses and schedule used in this study, has limited antitumor activity in pretreated children with Cancer.
Optical sensor systems based on determining angular displacements (2000)

A renaissance for optical sensors can be foreseen in the wake of the arrival of new optical components such as low- cost diffractive optical elements, Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) and pixel arrays based on the CMOS technique. This article will depict the basics for optical systems for measuring angular deflections followed by a more detailed description of two such systems one showing a high-cost but precise system for measuring angular positions, the other illustrating a commercial low-cost and low-accuracy system for measuring 2-D rotations of a reflective surface, both of which rely on probing the speckle pattern arising from scattering of coherent light from the surface of the test object.
A Smart Camera Approach To Real-Time Tracking (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Similarity measure and instance selection for collaborative filtering (2003)

Collaborative filtering has been very successful in both research and applications such as information filtering and E-commerce. The k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method is a popular way for its realization. Its key technique is to find k nearest neighbors for a given user to predict his interests. However, this method suffers from two fundamental problems: sparsity and scalability. In this paper, we present our solutions for these two problems. We adopt two techniques: a matrix conversion method for similarity measure and an instance selection method. And then we present an improved collaborative filtering algorithm based on these two methods. In contrast with existing collaborative algorithms, our method shows its satisfactory accuracy and performance.
The Cuttings Grinder (1991)

ABSTRACT The Cuttings Grinder was built as an innovative method to dispose of drilled cuttings, providing an alternative to placement of drilled cuttings in reserve pits. The Cuttings Grinder reduces drilled cuttings into a slurry, which is then pumped down a disposal well into the Tertiary sandstone. This paper explains why the Cuttings Grinder was built and describes how it works, together with the modifications that have been made since it has been in operation.
Research Challenges in Information Access and Dissemination in a Mobile Environment (2002)

A wireless environment has both benefits and limitations when it is used as a medium for information access and dissemination. In a wireless environment, we can access to not only information anytime and anywhere as if we were connected to the Internet but information tailored to our particular needs depending on where we are located. This leads to location-dependent information services (e.g., querying for local traffic, restaurants, etc.). The capability of the system is also enhanced by the fact that genuine broadcast (as opposed to multicast) can be realized in a wireless environment, making massive broadcast of commonly requested data a simple and inexpensive task. On the other hand, we have to overcome a lot of limitations such as the limited bandwidth, high-cost of data transmission (both in terms of power consumption on the client devices and system bandwidth) . In this paper, we give an overview of our research in this area. We then discuss our recent work on query processing in location-dependent information services and outline our future research.
A 12.77-MHz 31 ppm/°C On-Chip RC Relaxation Oscillator With Digital Compensation Technique (2016)

The design of a 12.77-MHz on-chip RC relaxation oscillator with digital compensation technique is presented. To maintain the frequency stability versus temperature and supply voltage variations, loop delay tuning by a digital feedback loop is developed in this system. In order to generate an on-chip reference for digital calibration, a replica comparator is added. The on-chip relaxation oscillator is fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS process. The measured output frequency variation is 31 ppm/°C across -30 to 120 °C temperature range after compensation. The frequency variation over the supply voltage from 0.6 V to 1.1 V is ±0.5%/V. The measured total power consumption is 56.2 μW at 0.9-V supply voltage when the digital compensation blocks are enabled. After digital compensation, the compensation blocks can be shutdown for power saving, and the main oscillator consumes only 12.8 μW.