gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient Binding of Paramagnetic Beads Bioconjugated with 100 000 or More Antibodies to Protein-Coated Surfaces (2012)

We report here the first kinetic characterization of 1 μm diameter superparamagnetic particles (MP) decorated with over 100,000 antibodies binding to protein antigens attached to flat surfaces. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to show that these antibody-derivatized MPs (MP-Ab(2)) exhibit irreversible binding with 100-fold increased association rates compared to free antibodies. The estimated upper limit for the dissociation constant of MP-Ab(2) from the SPR sensor surface is 5 fM, compared to 3-8 nM for the free antibodies. These results are explained by up to 2000 interactions of MP-Ab(2) with protein-decorated surfaces. Findings are consistent with highly efficient capture of protein antigens in solution by the MP-Ab(2) and explain in part the utility of these beads for ultrasensitive protein detection into the fM and aM range. Aggregation of these particles on the SPR chip, probably due to residual magnetic microdomains in the particles, also contributes to ultrasensitive detection and may also help drive the irreversible binding.
3D Printing of BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/PVDF Composites with Electric In Situ Poling for Pressure Sensor Applications (2017)

Abstract This paper presents 3D printing of piezoelectric sensors using BaTiO 3 (BTO) filler in a poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF) matrix through electric in situ poling during the 3D printing process. Several conventional methods require complicated and time‐consuming procedures. Recently developed electric poling‐assisted additive manufacturing (EPAM) process paves the way for printing of piezoelectric filaments by incorporating polarizing processes that include mechanical stretching, heat press, and electric field poling simultaneously. However, this process is limited to fabrication of a single PVDF layer and quantitative material characterizations such as piezoelectric coefficient and β‐phase percentage are not investigated. In this paper, an enhanced EPAM process is proposed that applies a higher electric field during 3D printing. To further increase piezoelectric response, BTO ceramic filler is used in the PVDF matrix. It is found that a 55.91% PVDF β‐phase content is nucleated at 15 wt% of BTO. The output current and β‐phase content gradually increase as the BTO weight percentage increases. Scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrates that larger agglomerates are formulated as the increase of BTO filler contents and results in increase of toughness and decrease of tensile strength. The highest fatigue strength is observed at 3 wt% BTO and the fatigue strength gradually decreases as the BTO filler contents increases.
Structure of a gap junction gene: Rat connexin-32 (1988)

A genomic clone for the rat liver gap junction protein (connexin-32) was isolated and characterized by restriction enzyme mapping and sequence analysis. While the complete coding sequence is contained within one uninterrupted block, the 5'-untranslated region of the transcript contains a 6.1 kb intron. Both S1 nuclease protection and primer extension assays indicate multiple transcription start sites. Sequences homologous to cAMP response elements are found near the transcription start sites and within the 3'-end of the intron.
The Inertial Stellar Compass: A New Direction in Spacecraft Attitude Determination (2002)

The Inertial Stellar Compass (ISC) is a real-time, miniature, lowpower stellar inertial attitude determination system, composed of a wide field-of-view (WFOV) active pixel star camera and a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) gyro assembly, with associated processing and power electronics. The integrated technologies enable an attitude determination system with an accuracy of 0.1 deg (1σ) to be realized at very low power and volume. The attitude knowledge provided by the ISC is applicable to a wide range of space and earth science missions that may include the use of highly maneuverable, stabilized, tumbling, or lost spacecraft. Under the guidance of NASA’s New Millennium ST-6 project, Draper Laboratory is currently developing the ISC. Its completion and flight validation will represent a breakthrough in real-time miniature attitude determination sensors. This paper describes system design, development, and validation activities currently underway at Draper.
Electrodeposition of patterned magnetic nanostructures (1998)

We report on fabrication and characterization of two types of devices, both with submicronic dimensions, and fabricated by combining lithography and electrodeposition. The first device, obtained by combining electron-beam lithography and electrodeposition, was devised to measure the current perpendicular to the plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) of a single permalloy/copper multilayered nanopillar (height ∼0.3 μm, diameter ∼0.1 μm). Besides the fundamental interest of the spin-dependent transport properties in such nanoscaled magnets, this system is a potential candidate as a CPP-GMR sensor used, for example, to read very high-density magnetic storage. The second device, relevant for high-density storage media, consists in large areas (4×4 mm2) of magnetic permalloy dots (diameter ∼0.26 μm, period ∼0.4 μm) electrodeposited in a x-ray patterned photoresist matrix. We study the magnetic behavior of such mesoscopic pillars as a function of their height. We emphasize that our processes are less damaging for the nanostructures, in comparison with samples prepared by high vacuum deposition followed by lithography. This is because our magnetic nanostructures are electrodeposited after the whole lithographic process.
Electroacupuncture-induced analgesia in sheep: measurement of cutaneous pain thresholds and plasma concentrations of prolactin and beta-endorphin immunoreactivity. (1986)

Eleven male and 15 female sheep were subjected to electroacupuncture (EA) treatment, using 2 needle loci described in the Chinese veterinary literature as Yao Pang (lumbar region) and San Yang Lu (1 thoracic limb). Noninjurious cutaneous stimuli were applied, using a calibrated pin-prick probe, a clamp, and a contact heat (75 to 95 C) probe. Cutaneous pain thresholds (PT) were quantified in 7 body areas during control (no acupuncture needles and no electrostimulation) and EA experiments, before and after IV injection of naloxone. Using each animal as its own control, each EA experiment was classified as inducing either good or poor anagelsia on the basis of whole-body PT values. Plasma concentrations of immunoreactive beta-endorphin (beta E) and prolactin were quantified in sequential plasma samples collected at 9-minute intervals throughout all experiments. Electroacupuncture at each locus increased (P less than 0.01) PT (ie, caused cutaneous analgesia) in 6 of 7 body areas, and increased (P less than 0.05) plasma concentrations of immunoreactive beta E and prolactin. In EA experiments in which good analgesia was induced, plasma beta E was increased more (P less than 0.05) than in EA experiments in which poor analgesia was induced. This difference was more evident for the Yao Pang locus. Generally, plasma prolactin concentrations were increased more with good analgesia than with poor analgesia for the Yao Pang locus. Electroacupuncture stimulation of the San Yang Lu locus was associated with higher plasma beta E concentrations than that associated with the Yao Pang locus. Increases in plasma prolactin concentrations were comparable between loci.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Evaluation of Alginate Microcapsules for Use in Transplantation of Islets of Langerhans (2001)

Transplantation of islets of Langerhans is a potential treatment of type 1 diabetes that aims to restore normal glucose homeostasis. Microencapsulation of islets could enable transplantation in the absence of immunosuppression, which would be beneficial as the side effects associated with immunosuppression outweigh the potential benefits of islet transplantation. Alginate is a polysaccharide that can be harvested from brown algae and is often used for microencapsulation of cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate alginate/poly-L-lysine/alginate capsules with regard to their biocompatibility and permeability to cytokines. Moreover, the function of microencapsulated islets was studied in vitro as well as their ability to reverse hyperglycaemia in diabetic mice. Microencapsulated rodent islets functioned well in vitro, with similar insulin release rates and glucose oxidation rates as naked islets. However, when cultured with interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α, microencapsulated islets were functionally suppressed, showing that the capsules are permeable to these cytokines. The biocompatibility of capsules varied depending on their composition. The presence of poly-L-lysine in the capsule decreased the biocompatibility. However, the biocompatibility of the capsules was improved when the coating alginate had been epimerised, i.e. enyzmatically tailored. Transplantation of microencapsulated allogeneic islets to immune competent mice lowered blood glucose concentrations up to 1 month after implantation. The success of the microencapsulated islet graft depended on the composition of the alginate/poly-L-lysine/alginate capsule used, as capsules that had poor biocompatibility failed to reverse hyperglycaemia more than transiently in athymic nude mice. In conclusion, alginate/poly-L-lysine/alginate capsules can protect islets of Langerhans from allogeneic rejection in mice. However, the composition of the capsule is of critical importance in the success of transplantation. Epimerised alginates may provide a novel capsule with ideal properties for microencapsulation of islets of Langerhans.
Short Notices (1979)

Short Notices Get access ROGER W. MAGRAW ROGER W. MAGRAW University of Warwick Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCIV, Issue CCCLXX, January 1979, Pages 219–220, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCIV.CCCLXX.219 Published: 01 January 1979
Force on an Asymmetric Capacitor (2002)

When a high voltage (~30 kV) is applied to a capacitor whose electrodes have different physical dimensions, the capacitor experiences a net force toward the smaller electrode (Biefeld-Brown effect). We have verified this effect by building four capacitors of different shapes. The effect may have applications to vehicle propulsion and dielectric pumps. We review the history of this effect briefly through the history of patents by Thomas Townsend Brown. At present, the physical basis for the Biefeld-Brown effect is not understood. The order of magnitude of the net force on the asymmetric capacitor is estimated assuming two different mechanisms of charge conduction between its electrodes: ballistic ionic wind and ionic drift. The calculations indicate that ionic wind is at least three orders of magnitude too small to explain the magnitude of the observed force on the capacitor. The ionic drift transport assumption leads to the correct order of magnitude for the force, however, it is difficult to see how ionic drift enters into the theory. Finally, we present a detailed thermodynamic treatment of the net force on an asymmetric capacitor. In the future, to understand this effect, a detailed theoretical model must be constructed that takes into account plasma effects: ionization of gas (or air) in the high electric field region, charge transport, and resulting dynamic forces on the electrodes. The next series of experiments should determine whether the effect occurs in vacuum, and a careful study should be carried out to determine the dependence of the observed force on gas pressure, gas species and applied voltage.
Electroencephalogram Correlates of Higher Cortical Functions (1979)

By means of two-stage, nonlinear multivariate pattern recognition, electroencephalograms (EEG's) were analyzed during performance of verbal and spatial tasks. Complex scalp distributions of theta-, beta-, and, to a lesser extent, alpha-band spectral intensities discriminated between the two members of a pair of tasks, such as writing sentences and Koh's block design. Small EEG asymmetries were probably attributable to limb movements and other uncontrolled noncognitive aspects of tasks. Significant EEG differences beteeen cognitive tasks were eliminated when controls for inter-task differences in efferent activity, stimulus characteristics, and performance-related factors were introduced. Each controlled task was associated with an approximately 10 percent reduction, as compared with visual fixation, in the magnitude of alpha- and beta-band spectral intensity. This effect occurred bilaterally and was approximately the same over occipital, parietal, and central regions, with some minor difference over the frontal region in the beta band. With these controls, no evidence for lateralization of different cognitive functions was found in the EEG.
Optical Properties of Cd-O and Zn-O Complexes in GaP (1968)

We report sharp line spectra, due to Cd and O impurities in GaP, which show that the red luminescence previously attributed to recombination between distant donor-acceptor pairs arises instead from nearest-neighbor Cd-O complexes. The binding energy of isolated O donors is thus shown to be \ensuremath{\sim}1 eV. The energy levels and the optical selection rules for the complexes are found to be consistent with the ${C}_{3v}$ symmetry of these centers. The spectra reveal three local phonon modes which we identify with the symmetric modes of vibration of the O atom and its four nearest neighbors. We show that the broad red emission band from Zn- and O-doped GaP is attributable to similar complexes having a strongly damped local vibrational mode.
NUTRIENT UPDATE SALATRIM (1998)

Dreher, Mark Ph.D.; Leveille, Gilbert A. Ph.D.; Auerbach, Mike Ph.D.; Callen, Cheryl M.S.; Klemann, Larry Ph.D.; Jones, Kelly Ph.D. Author Information
Mechanism of Substitution Reactions of Complex Ions. XII.<sup>1</sup> Reactions of Some Platinum(II) Complexes with Various Reactants<sup>2</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of Substitution Reactions of Complex Ions. XII.1 Reactions of Some Platinum(II) Complexes with Various Reactants2Debabrata Banerjea, Fred Basolo, and Ralph G. PearsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 15, 4055–4062Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01572a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01572a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views327Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparative expression of vascular endothelial growth factor family members, VEGF‐B, ‐C and ‐D, by normal human keratinocytes and fibroblasts (2004)

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family includes the related polypeptides VEGF-B, -C and -D, which contribute to endothelial and lymphatic vessel development. The parental VEGF molecule, VEGF-A, has been widely described in the skin, but the other members of the VEGF family have not yet been reported. The aim of our study was to determine whether the two main skin cells, keratinocytes and fibroblasts, expressed VEGF-B, -C and -D in basal condition and after stimulation by either growth factors or the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis on cultured normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) and normal human fibroblasts (NHFs) allowed the detection of different levels of VEGF-B, -C and -D mRNA, in both cell types with similar RT-PCR products in the skin cells. A semi-quantitative evaluation of the VEGF family proteins by dot blot, using the different human recombinant VEGFs, showed different levels of VEGF-B, -C and -D, in NHKs and NHFs. After cell stimulation by growth factors (epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) for NHKs and NHFs, respectively), a significant up-regulation of the VEGF family member proteins was observed in NHFs but not in NHKs. Conversely, TNF-alpha did not exert a significant effect. However, we could not detect any transcriptional modification in stimulated cells, whatever the stimulation duration. The addition of cycloheximide to the cell cultures strongly inhibited the increase of VEGF proteins in TGF-beta1-stimulated NHFs. Taken together, the results underline the major role played by NHFs in the elaboration of the VEGF family proteins known to regulate wound healing, chronic inflammation and tumour angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
A model for Si, SiCH, SiO2, SiOCH, and porous SiOCH etch rate calculation in inductively coupled fluorocarbon plasma with a pulsed bias: Importance of the fluorocarbon layer (2007)

In a previous paper we showed that selective etching of porous SiOCH with respect to SiO2 and SiCH is clearly enhanced when using a pulsed bias in inductively coupled fluorocarbon plasma. To understand this pulsed process, a model for etch rate calculation is developed in the present paper. This model explains the etching/deposition threshold shift toward higher bias voltage in pulsed conditions. Rather good confidence is obtained with experimental SiO2, Si, SiOCH and SiCH etch rates. Porous SiOCH etching is found to behave slightly differently compared to SiO2 or SiCH; its chemical etching is assumed to occur even during the beginning of off period. This point could explain why good selectivities between porous SiOCH and SiO2 and SiCH are obtained.
Synthesis and Characterization of Fe/SUZ-4 Zeolite (2012)

The synthesized Fe/SUZ-4 zeolites using conventional ion exchange method. K/SUZ-4 zeolite was prepared with SiO2:Al2O3 molar ratio of 21.2 under hydrothermal process at 150 °C for 4 days using tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) as a template. Different amounts of Fe(II) were loaded in the synthesized K/SUZ-4 with different weight percentages:1, 3, 5, 8 and 10. Fe/SUZ-4 zeolite were investigated using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The results show structures of Fe/SUZ-4 zeolites still have a narrow pore size distribution and needle-shaped crystal.
PCR-Based Expression (1990)

This technique was discussed in general in Part I of this manual. The specific details of the procedure are described here. The example I describe was chosen because it involves many of the types of problems one can run into when one chooses to pursue this approach. The solutions to these problems are also presented. In these experiments, we assembled a functional cDNA clone encoding a human leukocyte interferon a/d hybrid protein. We chose to synthesize the gene this way, rather than assemble it after PCR of genomic DNA or RNA, because it is an artificial hybrid cDNA composed of sequences of two naturally occurring interferon genes, and this approach was simpler than cloning out the two cDNAs encoding the sequences and subsequently assembling them. The completed product was a 591-bp fragment that could be further utilized by insertion into an expression plasmid or used in PCR-based expression.KeywordsStructural GeneGene SynthesisSynthetic OligonucleotideHybrid ProteinSeparate ReactionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Epigenetic inheritance of fetal genes in allergic asthma (2004)

Asthma has been associated with an exaggerated T-helper type 2 (Th2) over Th1 responses to allergic and nonallergic stimuli, which leads to chronic airway inflammation and airway remodeling. In the present article, we propose that many of the genes involved in IgE synthesis and airways (re)modeling in asthma are persistent or reminiscent fetal genes which may not be silenced during early infancy (or late pregnancy). Genes of the embryologic differentiation of ectodermic and endodermic tissues may explain some of the patterns of airway remodeling in asthma. In utero programming leads to gene expression, the persistence of which may be associated with epigenetic inheritance phenomena induced by nonspecific environmental factors. Clear delineation of these issues may yield new information on the mechanisms of asthma and new targets for therapeutic intervention and primary prevention.
Making A Eukaryote Chromosome (2014)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTMaking A Eukaryote ChromosomeCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2014, 92, 13, 9Publication Date (Print):March 31, 2014Publication History Published online31 March 2015Published inissue 31 March 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09213-notw9https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09213-notw9newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views9Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Beverages,Bioengineering and biotechnology,Fungi,Genetics Get e-Alerts
Expression and secretion of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase by using the yeast pheromone alpha-factor promoter and leader sequence in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)

Replacement of the regulatory and secretory signals of the alpha-amylase gene (AMY) from Bacillus amylolique-faciens with the complete yeast pheromone alpha-factor prepro region (MF alpha 1p) resulted in increased levels of extracellular alpha-amylase production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the removal of the (Glu-Ala)2 peptide from the MF alpha 1 spacer region (Lys-Arg-Glu-Ala-Glu-Ala) yielded decreased levels of extracellular alpha-amylase.
Modifications of Tapioca Starch Properties by Polyethylene Glycol (4000) and Polyethylene Glycol (4000) Stearate Additives (1991)

Abstract Changes in crystallinity, iodine binding capacity and infrared spectral characteristics of tapioca starch on incorporation of polyethylene glycol (4000) and polyethylene glycol (4000) distearate additives into gelatinised starch have been investigated. A plausible explanation for the appearance of crystallinity for gelatinised starch on incorporation of the additives is given. The additives were also shown to influence the gelatinisation temperature of native tapioca starch. The DSC studies indicating this effect are discussed in detail.