gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Automatic registration of 3D images using surface curvature</title> (1992)

This paper presents a new technique to perform automatically the 3-D registration of two 3-D scanner images. The aim is to compute the rigid geometric transform existing between two views of the same object, taken into two different positions. The basis of our method is to extract characteristic 3-D lines from the two images, called crest lines, and to compute the geometric transform that map one of the set of lines onto the other one. Our method is fully automatic. It is also very fast and robust, because the crest lines set is a very compact and stable representation of the principal geometric information of a 3-D image. We present in this paper the example of an automatic registration performed with two 3-D images of a skull.
Assembly of foot-and-mouth disease virus empty capsids synthesized by a vaccinia virus expression system (1995)

cDNA cassettes encoding the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) structural protein precursor (P1-2A) together with the 3C protease, which cleave this molecule to 1AB, 1C and 1D, were constructed. These cassettes were introduced into vaccinia virus (VV) transfer vectors. Attempts to isolate recombinant VVs constitutively expressing these cassettes were unsuccessful. However, when the P1-2A-3C cassette was placed under the control of the bacteriophage T7 promoter, stable VV/FMDV recombinants were isolated. Co-infection with recombinant VV vTF7-3 (which expresses T7 RNA polymerase) led to the production of correctly processed FMDV capsid proteins. Analysis by sucrose gradient centrifugation showed that material which co-sedimented with natural empty capsid particles (70S) was formed. Electron microscopy revealed empty capsid-like particles with diameters of about 30 nm. Studies using monoclonal antibodies specific for conformational epitopes indicated that the antigenicity of the synthetic particles was similar to whole virions and natural empty capsid particles. Surprisingly, merely the modification of a single amino acid residue within the myristoylation consensus sequence at the N terminus of P1-2A allowed the isolation of a recombinant VV which constitutively expressed the correctly processed proteins. However, the capsid proteins expressed from this mutant cassette failed to assemble into 70S empty particles.
Converting a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer into a tandem instrument (1991)

Adding a simple mass gate at the first time focus of a reflectron-type time-of-flight mass spectrometer, one mass can be selected and its further decay or interaction studied. A new type of mass gate is described that does not have any grids. It is especially suitable for cluster studies. Three processes are identified that lead to an undesirable high background in a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
Dextromethorphan for the treatment of neuropathic pain: a double-blind randomised controlled crossover trial with integral n-of-1 design (1994)

The aim was to compare the analgesic effectiveness and adverse effect incidence of oral dextromethorphan (DM) with placebo in patients with neuropathic pain. The first 10-day treatment period was a multiple-dose double-blind randomised controlled cross-over comparison of 13.5 mg of DM 3 times a day (t.d.s.) with placebo t.d.s.: 5 treatment pairs, each pair 1 day DM and 1 day placebo. The second 10-day treatment period used 27 mg of DM t.d.s. vs. placebo, with the same design. The study incorporated a 5 pair n-of-1 design for each of the 2 doses of DM. Patients took the study medication in addition to any pre-existing analgesic regime. Patients who reported benefit could continue with DM after the study. Nineteen patients with chronic neuropathic pain were studied over two 10-day treatment periods. Outcome measures were pain intensity, pain relief, adverse effects, mood, sleep and global rating of treatment. These were recorded by daily patient diaries and by clinic assessments before and after each treatment period. There were no significant differences between DM and placebo on any of the clinic assessment outcome measures. Two patients had significantly better analgesia on more than one outcome measure on within-patient testing. One had better analgesia with DM. The other had better analgesia with placebo. Ten patients had no adverse effects on either dose of DM. Two patients withdrew during the first treatment period because of adverse effects (which included increased pain intensity), and 5 during the second period. Five patients continued with DM after the study for 1-3 months. No long-term clinical benefit was apparent in those who continued with open DM. Dextromethorphan at either 40.5 or 81 mg daily did not relieve neuropathic pain.
Inhibition of Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Prevents Decline of Glucose Transporter (GLUT4) in Diabetic Rat Heart (1996)

There is some evidence that inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity can improve the uptake and conversion of glucose by heart and skeletal muscle in diabetes. To study the underlying mechanisms, we treated streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist ICI D8731 and the ACE inhibitor fosinopril for 4 months and determined the expression of the myocardial glucose transporter proteins. In diabetic rats, the expression of the insulin-regulated glucose transporter (GLUT4) was strongly diminished as shown by Western and Northern blots. ICI D8731 prevented the decrease of GLUT4 protein in diabetes but had no influence on the amount of mRNA encoding for GLUT1 and GLUT4. GLUT1 protein was hardly detected in the rat heart and was affected neither by diabetes nor by treatment with the AT1 antagonist. Additionally, ICI D8731 influenced the translocation of GLUT4 from the intracellular pool to the plasma membrane, because treatment increased the amount of GLUT4 protein in the plasma membranes as well as in intracellular membrane fractions compared with membranes of untreated diabetic control rats. In contrast, inhibition of ACE by fosinopril influenced neither the expression nor the translocation of the glucose transporter proteins. These observations indicate that angiotensin II has a distinct influence on the post-transcriptional regulation of the GLUT4 transporter protein, presumably indirectly as a consequence of hemodynamic effects and structural alterations of the vessel wall.
The Relative Role of Bacterial Cell Wall and Capsule in the Induction of Inflammation in Pneumococcal Meningitis (1985)

The relative contribution of bacterial components to the induction of inflammation during Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis is unknown. Several strains of pneumococci with differences in cell surface characteristics (capsule or cell wall) were compared for the effect on the inflammatory response evoked during infection of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in vivo. The presence of bacterial capsular polysaccharide was not necessary for bacterial growth in CSF in vivo but correlated with greater CSF bacterial density. CSF inflammatory changes began to appear when the bacterial concentration exceeded 10(5) cfu/ml, regardless of the pneumococcal strain. CSF inflammatory changes could be invoked by cisternal instillation of 10(5)-10(6) cell equivalents of whole, heat-killed unencapsulated strains or their isolated cell walls but not by similar concentrations of heat-killed encapsulated strains or isolated capsular polysaccharide. Hypoglycorrhachia was observed only during inflammation caused by live bacteria. The inflammatory response characteristic of naturally acquired pneumococcal meningitis can be reproduced by challenge with both encapsulated and uncapsulated bacteria. The bacterial cell wall appears to be the most potent pneumococcal surface component in inducing CSF inflammation.
One-Step Routes from Di- and Triblock Copolymer Precursors to Hydrophilic Nanoporous Poly(acrylic acid)-<i>b</i>-polystyrene (2008)

Nanoporous polystyrene with hydrophilic pores was prepared from di- and triblock copolymer precursors. The precursor material was either a poly(tert-butyl acrylate)-b-polystyrene (PtBA-b-PS) diblock copolymer synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) or a polydimethylsiloxane-b-poly(tert-butyl acrylate)-b-polystyrene (PDMS-b-PtBA-b-PS) triblock copolymer synthesized by a combination of living anionic polymerization and ATRP. In the latter copolymer, PS was the matrix and mechanically stable component, PtBA was converted by acidic deprotection to hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) providing at the same time part of the nanoporosity, and PDMS was quantitatively etched to provide additional nanoporosity. Both the deprotection of the PtBA block and the etching of PDMS were realized by one-step operations using either anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HF) or trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). The finding that TFA can remove PDMS is important, not least as an alternative to the more hazardous HF. The investigated di- and triblock copolymer samples were of either hexagonal or lamellar morphology. The resulting nanoporous polymers were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and scanning electron microscopy. In contact with water, all the prepared nanoporous polymers showed spontaneous water uptake close to the amounts expected from the precursor block copolymer compositions.
Structure and organization of rRNA operons In the region of the replication origin of the<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>chromosome (1983)

Structure and organization of two complete ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sets, rrnO and rrnA, were determined for the first time in Bacillus subtilis. They are located at the region of the replication origin of the chromosome. Each set constitutes a single operon of: two tandem promoters - leader sequence - 16S rRNA gene - Ile-tRNA gene - Ala-tRNA gene - 23S rRNA gene - 5S rRNA gene - termination signal. The first promoter (P1) of rrnO differs from that of rrnA in sequence and function. P1 of rrnO was used very little for transcription either in vivo or in vitro while P1 was predominantly used in rrnA. A putative transcript of the entire operon was determined and constructed into a secondary structure. Analysis of in vivo transcripts by S1 mapping revealed primary processing sites at the loop and stem structure of 16S rRNA in rrnO and rrnA. A unique sequence in the leader region of rrnO can be formed into a highly complexed secondary structure and affects processing of mature 16S rRNA. The sequences of the two spacer tRNA genes are highly conserved between B. subtilis and Escherichia coli.
Reversed-Phase Solvent-Gradient HPLC Retention Indexes of Drugs (1994)

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) system has been developed in which ionized basic drugs and nonionized drugs elute in efficient and reproducible bands. The effects of different HPLC systems and solvent-gradient rates on the reproducibility of retention times and normalized retention data were investigated. The retention indexes of 469 drugs were determined on this system and compared with the retention indexes of drugs in common from a previously reported retention index database.
Quantum Point Contacts (1996)

Punctuated equilibrium, the notion that evolution in nature is stepwise rather than continuous, sometimes applies to evolution in science as well. The seed of a scientific breakthrough may slumber for a decade or even longer without generating much interest. The seed may be a theoretical concept without clear predictions to test experimentally, or an intriguing but confusing experiment without a lucid interpretation. When the seed finally germinates, an entire field of science can reach maturity in a few years.
Association between active genes occurs at nuclear speckles and is modulated by chromatin environment (2008)

Genes on different chromosomes can be spatially associated in the nucleus in several transcriptional and regulatory situations; however, the functional significance of such associations remains unclear. Using human erythropoiesis as a model, we show that five cotranscribed genes, which are found on four different chromosomes, associate with each other at significant but variable frequencies. Those genes most frequently in association lie in decondensed stretches of chromatin. By replacing the mouse alpha-globin gene cluster in situ with its human counterpart, we demonstrate a direct effect of the regional chromatin environment on the frequency of association, whereas nascent transcription from the human alpha-globin gene appears unaffected. We see no evidence that cotranscribed erythroid genes associate at shared transcription foci, but we do see stochastic clustering of active genes around common nuclear SC35-enriched speckles (hence the apparent nonrandom association between genes). Thus, association between active genes may result from their location on decondensed chromatin that enables clustering around common nuclear speckles.
A dynamic calibrating apparatus for cross derivative experiments (1977)

A calibrating apparatus intended to verify the validity of the methodology employed for the determination of aerodynamic cross and cross-coupling moment derivatives has been developed and successfully tested. It has so far been used in the cases of pitching, yawing and plunging oscillation and is soon to be utilized to verify the approach employed in the determination of cross derivatives due to rolling. The apparatus is based on the substitution of generally unpredictable aerodynamic moments by accurately known electromagnetically induced ones that can then be used to verify the correctness of the methods used for the determination of derivatives.
Invasin of <i>Edwardsiella tarda</i> is essential for its haemolytic activity, biofilm formation and virulence towards fish (2013)

This study revealed the role of invasin in Edw. tarda infection and provided useful information for further unveiling the pathogenesis of Edw. tarda.
Silencing of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 <i>In situ</i> by RNA Interference for Breast Cancer: Implications for Proliferation and Migration <i>In vitro</i> and Metastasis <i>In vivo</i> (2008)

Therapies targeting the TGF-beta signaling pathway may be more effective in late-stage disease to prevent organ metastasis but not primary tumor formation and may be combined with other tumor-targeted therapies normally limited by increased circulating TGF-beta levels.
Transmission characteristics analysis of IR-UWB signal (2009)

Due to the huge bandwidth of IR-UWB signal, its inherent frequency dependence characteristics makes the IR propagation undergo pulse distortions which are quite different compared with the narrowband system, especially in NLOS environment. As one of the most remarkable features, the potential easier material penetration properties of IR haven't had comprehensive studies. This paper summarizes the electrical properties of materials in 2~11GHz which are common used in indoor environments, the IR transmission mechanism though those materials are simulated by using frequency domain method, which taken into account the frequency dependence characteristics of IR signal. The pulse distortion is analyzed under several given conditions. Based on the simulation results, the similarities between the original pulse and receive pulse are compared in correlation receiver, and its influence on the system performance are investigated.
Using Blogs and Wikis to Communicate with Library Clients (2006)

Recent web 2.0 and Library 2.0 discussions have emphasised creating ‘virtual communities’. where interactions take place primarily online. Collaborative technologies such as blogs, wikis and RSS feeds have a large role in creating these communities. So, how to use blogs and wikis within the framework of Web 2.0 and Library 2.0? What are the existing communication tools and how can we use them successfully?
Synthesis and Structure of Aminopyridinato‐Stabilized Yttrium and Lanthanum Amides and Their Reactivity towards Alkylaluminium Compounds (2008)

Abstract A series of aminopyridinato‐stabilized (amido)lanthanide complexes has been synthesized and characterized. The bulky aminopyridines (2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)[6‐(2,4,6‐triisopropylphenyl)pyridin‐2‐yl]amine ( 1a ) and [6‐(2,4,6‐triisopropylphenyl)pyridin‐2‐yl](2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine ( 1b ) were introduced by amine elimination reaction with [Ln{N(SiHMe 2 ) 2 } 3 (thf) 2 ] (Ln = Y, La, thf = tetrahydrofuran, Me = methyl) to obtain the corresponding mono(aminopyridinato) complexes. Single‐crystal X‐ray analyses were carried out for the yttrium derivatives. The complexes are not able to undergo coordinative chain transfer polymerization with ethylene in the presence of alkylaluminium compounds as the corresponding dialkyl complexes do. Investigations of the reactions of the lanthanide aminopyridinato complexes with triethylaluminium or diisobutylaluminium hydride reveal a fast transfer of the aminopyridinato ligand to the aluminium atom. The products of this transfer reaction are aminopyridinato‐stabilized dialkylaluminium compounds. One example of these aluminium complexes was characterized by X‐ray crystal structure analysis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Formation of epitaxial and textured platinum films on ceramics-(100) MgO single crystals by pulsed laser deposition (1994)

We have investigated the formation of textured and epitaxial metallic films on (100) MgO single crystals substrates (lattice constant a=4.21 Å) as a function of deposition temperature during pulsed laser ablation. Platinum (a=3.92 Å) films on MgO with lattice misfit of 7.4% were found to grow epitaxially in the temperature range 500–700 °C. Three-dimensional x-ray diffraction results (theta, phi, and chi scans) show 〈100〉 epitaxy with the alignment of all three cube axes. Rutherford backscattering and channeling measurements on a film deposited at 700 °C showed a minimum yield of 2.2%, which is very close to the defect-free single crystal value. In the temperature range 200–500 °C both 〈100〉 and 〈111〉 textures were observed. The 〈111〉 oriented (normal to the surface) films were random in the plane of the substrate, whereas 〈100〉 crystallites were epitaxial. Below 200 °C, only 〈111〉 crystallites were observed. The 〈111〉 texture of platinum films is also observed when grown on amorphous substrates such as SiO2. The experimental results are normalized with theoretical simulations addressing the minimization of film energy.
Capillary Electrophoresis-Based Immunoassay for Cortisol in Serum (1995)

A competitive immunoassay for cortisol based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) and laser-induced fluorescence is described. The work involved the production of assay reagents and the development of separation conditions allowing for routine analysis of serum samples. Fluorescein-labeled cortisol was synthesized and purified. Fab fragments were produced from mouse monoclonal anticortisol antibody and purified using a POROS cation exchange chromatography column. After incubation of these reagents with serum, free and bound labeled antigen were separated by CE with high reproducibility. No prior sample cleanup of the serum samples was necessary. Serum calibration curves were established and used for the quantitation of cortisol in serum. The results demonstrate feasibility for a cortisol assay based on CE operating directly on serum samples.
Well-Defined Uncharged Polymers with a Sharp UCST in Water and in Physiological Milieu (2010)

S.413-415
A Key to Container-Breeding Mosquitoes of Michigan (Diptera: Cllllcidae), With Notes on Their Biology (2017)

An illustrated key to larvae and notes on the biology of container-breeding mosquitoes of Michigan are presented. Two species included in the key. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. are not endemic in Michigan, but occasional introductions could occur with commercial shipments of scrap tires or other containers.
Cell transplantation after oxidative hepatic preconditioning with radiation and ischemia–reperfusion leads to extensive liver repopulation (2002)

The inability of transplanted cells to proliferate in the normal liver hampers cell therapy. We considered that oxidative hepatic DNA damage would impair the survival of native cells and promote proliferation in transplanted cells. Dipeptidyl peptidase-deficient F344 rats were preconditioned with whole liver radiation and warm ischemia-reperfusion followed by intrasplenic transplantation of syngeneic F344 rat hepatocytes. The preconditioning was well tolerated, although serum aminotransferase levels rose transiently and hepatic injury was observed histologically, along with decreased catalase activity and 8-hydroxy adducts of guanine, indicating oxidative DNA damage. Transplanted cells did not proliferate in the liver over 3 months in control animals and animals preconditioned with ischemia-reperfusion alone. Animals treated with radiation alone showed some transplanted cell proliferation. In contrast, the liver of animals preconditioned with radiation plus ischemia-reperfusion was replaced virtually completely over 3 months. Transplanted cells integrated in the liver parenchyma and liver architecture were preserved normally. These findings offer a paradigm for repopulating the liver with transplanted cells. Progressive loss of cells experiencing oxidative DNA damage after radiation and ischemia-reperfusion injury could be of significance for epithelial renewal in additional organs.
Effect of compressed offline foveated video on viewing behavior and subjective quality (2010)

Offline foveation is a technique to improve the compression efficiency of digitized video. The general idea behind offline foveation is to blur video regions where no or a small number of previewers look without decreasing the subjective quality for later viewers. It relies on the fact that peripheral vision is reduced compared to central vision, and the observation that during free-viewing humans' gaze positions generally coincide when watching video. In this article, we conduct two experiments to assess how offline foveation affects viewing behavior and subjective quality. In the first experiment, 15 subjects free-viewed six video clips before and after offline foveation whereas in the second experiment we had 17 subjects assessing the quality of these videos after one, two, and three consecutive viewings. Eye movements were measured during the experiments. Results showed that, although offline foveation prior to encoding with H.264 yielded data reductions up to 52% (20% average) on the tested videos, it had little or no effect on where people looked, their intersubject dispersion, fixation duration, saccade amplitude, or the experienced quality during first-time viewing. However, seeing the videos more than once increased the intersubject dispersion and decreased the subjective quality. In view of these results, we discuss the usage of offline foveated video in practical applications.
The plasma oxidation of titanium thin films to form dielectric layers (1989)

A remote indicatively coupled radio frequency plasma has been used to oxidize titanium thin films evaporated onto silicon substartes. The substrate was heated during oxidation to temperatures between 200 and 500 °C using a resistively heated furance. Titanium dioxide layers were formed of thicknesses from 53 to 150 nm. The crystal structure was shown to be rutile by x-ray diffraction for oxidation temperatures of 500 °C. These samples were also seen to have a thin interfacial silicon dioxide layer. Measurements on 1-mm Al dot capacitors showed the leakage current of a 53-nm film oxidized at 500 °C to be below 10−8 A at a 2-V bias. Good capacitance-voltage characteristics were observed for high oxidation temperatures, with a dielectric constant of between 15 and 22 for the TiO2/SiO2 layers. The refractive index of the layers was measured by ellipsometry to be 2.5–2.6. Plasma oxidation thus provides a low-temperature method of forming titanium dixoide thin films.