gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Foaming Cement as a Deterrent to Compaction Damage in Deepwater Production (2000)

Abstract This case-history paper presents the results of a foam cementing process used during construction on four primary casing strings. The process was initiated to help prevent compaction damage associated with deepwater production. Europa is a four-well, deepwater, subsea development project drilled in 3,500 ft of water at Mississippi Canyon, southeast of New Orleans, LA, in the Gulf of Mexico. Several issues related to effective primary cementing during well construction are addressed in this paper. Special spacer designs were also used because of the synthetic oil-based mud (SBM) used on two of the casing strings, which included production liners. The main focus of the paper is on the planning, preparation, and execution of the primary cementing on the critical production liner. Because of the highly unconsolidated formations above the producing zone, the reservoir will experience compaction caused by depletion. The critical issues for the production liner are proper casing design, effective cement placement, and mechanical properties needed to help resist the forces imposed on the wellbore and cement sheath. Minimizing the effects of these forces caused by transverse loading helps to prevent the casing from buckling. The unique properties of foamed cement make it best suited for this application.
Molecular glass resists for next generation lithography (2006)

In order to meet the growing demand of the electronics industry for smaller, higher resolution features much recent attention has focused on next generation lithographic techniques, such as Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) or e-beam lithography. Complementary to this field of research is the design of the next generation of photoresists to produce sub 50 nm feature sizes. Chemically amplified molecular glass resists are among the most promising alternatives to traditional polymeric materials. These materials are monodisperse, amorphous organic molecules which lead to high resolution patterns with low line edge roughness owing to their small size and lack of chain entanglement. In this submission, we describe our work in the development of molecular glass resists. The materials are designed with rigid cores, to ensure high T<sub>g</sub>, and with bulky side groups to inhibit crystallization. We show that these materials are capable of producing high resolution feature sizes and show great promise in meeting the demands of emerging next-generation lithographic techniques.
Comprehensive Assessment of Metabolic Enzyme and Transporter Genes Using the Affymetrix <sup>®</sup> Targeted Genotyping System (2007)

The combined effects of multiple polymorphisms in several drug-metabolizing enzyme and transporter genes can contribute to considerable interindividual variation in drug disposition and response. Therefore, it has been of increasing interest to generate scalable, flexible and cost-effective technologies for large-scale genotyping of the drug-metabolizing enzyme and transporter genes. However, the number of drug-metabolizing enzyme and transporter gene variants exceeds the capacity of current technologies to comprehensively assess multiple polymorphisms in a single, multiplexed assay. The Targeted Genotyping System (Affymetrix, CA, USA) provides a solution to this challenge, by combining molecular inversion probe technology with universal microarrays to provide a method that is capable of analyzing thousands of variants in a single reaction, while remaining relatively insensitive to cross-reactivity between reaction components. This review will focus on the Targeted Genotyping System and how this technology was adapted to enable comprehensive analysis of drug-metabolizing enzyme and transporter gene polymorphisms.
Recursive projected sparse matrix recovery (ReProSMR) with application in real-time video layer separation (2014)

In this work, we propose an online algorithm Recursive Projected Sparse Matrix Recovery (ReProSMR) for recovering a time sequence of sparse matrix S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> and a time sequence of dense matrix L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> from their sum M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> = L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> + S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> when L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> s' lies in a slowly changing low dimensional tensor subspace. A key application where this problem occurs is in video layer separation where the goal is to separate a video sequence into a slowly changing low dimensional background sequence and a sparse foreground sequence. Mathematically, a 2D image can be thought of as a second order tensor. ReProSMR is a modification of Recursive Projected Compressive Sensing (ReProCS) based on tensor PCA. Experimental comparisons demonstrating the advantages and computation gain of ReProSMR are shown for both simulated and real videos.
Acute and Short-term Effects of Secondhand Smoke on Lung Function and Cytokine Production (2009)

We conclude that 1 hour of SHS exposure at bar/restaurant levels is accompanied by significant decrements on lung function and marked increases in inflammatory cytokines, particularly in men. More importantly, whereas most smoke-induced effects on lung function appear to recede within 60 minutes, inflammatory cytokines remain elevated for at least 3 hours after exposure to SHS.
Patterned Media Towards Nano-bit Magnetic Recording: Fabrication and Challenges (2007)

During the past decade, magnetic recording density of HDD has doubled almost every 18 months. To keep increasing the recording density, there is a need to make the small bits thermally stable. The most recent method using perpendicular recording media (PMR) will lose its fuel in a few years time and alternatives are sought. Patterned media, where the bits are magnetically separated from each other, offer the possibility to solve many issues encountered by PMR technology. However, implementation of patterned media would involve developing processing methods which offer high resolution (small bits), regular patterns, and high density. All these need to be achieved without sacrificing a high throughput and low cost. In this article, we review some of the ideas that have been proposed in this subject. However, the focus of the paper is on nano-imprint lithography (NIL) as it fulfills most of the needs of HDD as compared to conventional lithography using electron beam, EUV or X-Rays. The latest development of NIL and related technologies and their future prospects for patterned media are also discussed.
Soft inertial microfluidics for high throughput separation of bacteria from human blood cells (2009)

We developed a new approach to separate bacteria from human blood cells based on soft inertial force induced migration with flow defined curved and focused sample flow inside a microfluidic device. This approach relies on a combination of an asymmetrical sheath flow and proper channel geometry to generate a soft inertial force on the sample fluid in the curved and focused sample flow segment to deflect larger particles away while the smaller ones are kept on or near the original flow streamline. The curved and focused sample flow and inertial effect were visualized and verified using a fluorescent dye primed in the device. First the particle behaviour was studied in detail using 9.9 and 1.0 microm particles with a polymer-based prototype. The prototype device is compact with an active size of 3 mm(2). The soft inertial effect and deflection distance were proportional to the fluid Reynolds number (Re) and particle Reynolds number (Re(p)), respectively. We successfully demonstrated separation of bacteria (Escherichia coli) from human red blood cells at high cell concentrations (above 10(8)/mL), using a sample flow rate of up to 18 microL/min. This resulted in at least a 300-fold enrichment of bacteria at a wide range of flow rates with a controlled flow spreading. The separated cells were proven to be viable. Proteins from fractions before and after cell separation were analyzed by gel electrophoresis and staining to verify the removal of red blood cell proteins from the bacterial cell fraction. This novel microfluidic process is robust, reproducible, simple to perform, and has a high throughput compared to other cell sorting systems. Microfluidic systems based on these principles could easily be manufactured for clinical laboratory and biomedical applications.
Novel, Starch-Like Polysaccharides Are Synthesized by an Unbound Form of Granule-Bound Starch Synthase in Glycogen-Accumulating Mutants of<i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> (1999)

In vascular plants, mutations leading to a defect in debranching enzyme lead to the simultaneous synthesis of glycogen-like material and normal starch. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii comparable defects lead to the replacement of starch by phytoglycogen. Therefore, debranching was proposed to define a mandatory step for starch biosynthesis. We now report the characterization of small amounts of an insoluble, amylose-like material found in the mutant algae. This novel, starch-like material was shown to be entirely dependent on the presence of granule-bound starch synthase (GBSSI), the enzyme responsible for amylose synthesis in plants. However, enzyme activity assays, solubilization of proteins from the granule, and western blots all failed to detect GBSSI within the insoluble polysaccharide matrix. The glycogen-like polysaccharides produced in the absence of GBSSI were proved to be qualitatively and quantitatively identical to those produced in its presence. Therefore, we propose that GBSSI requires the presence of crystalline amylopectin for granule binding and that the synthesis of amylose-like material can proceed at low levels without the binding of GBSSI to the polysaccharide matrix. Our results confirm that amylopectin synthesis is completely blocked in debranching-enzyme-defective mutants of C. reinhardtii.
A windows-based dual-channel arbitrary signal generator (2003)

This paper proposes a design and implementation of a Windows-based dual-channel arbitrary signal generator. By using the very common GUI (Graphical User Interface) programming for our implementation, users can adjust the period and amplitude of analog voltage waveforms with mouse clicks and drags. The data of the adjusted waveforms can be sent out to a D/A (Digital to Analog Conversion) interface circuit by a very common ISA bus system. To fulfill the programmable input and output functions, we use a low-cost PPI (Programmable Peripheral Interface) I/O 8255 chip 8255 as the data controller, and use the PLD (Programmable Logic Device) as the logic controller and on address latch with the 8255 chip. The last stage of this implementation is the D/A hardware, which converts digital data into analog voltage waveforms. Currently, we implement this signal generator by using very low-cost components in comparison with the cost of professional products. The primary experimental results show that the bandwidth of the signal generator can reach 2 MHz, which is the speed limitation for sampling a frequency.
QoS-Aware Service Selection in Geographically Distributed Clouds (2013)

As more and more services are offered in clouds, it is possible to meet the diverse demands of users via service composition. Selecting the optimal set of services, in terms of QoS, is the crucial issue when many functionally equivalent services are available. In this paper, we investigate the service selection problem under the service replica limitation constraint. The objective is to select the optimal service set which brings out the minimal response time. We estimate the communication latency with the network coordinate system. Based on the estimated latencies and service composition paradigm, our selection algorithms find the services which will result in low latency under various replica limitation constraints. We evaluate our approaches via extensive simulations, the experimental results of which show that our algorithms work efficiently.
Stochastic gradient algorithms for design of minimum error-rate linear dispersion codes in MIMO wireless systems (2006)

Linear dispersion (LD) codes are a good candidate for high-data-rate multiple-input multiple-ouput (MIMO) signaling. Traditionally LD codes were designed by maximizing the average mutual information, which cannot guarantee good error performance. This paper presents a new design scheme for LD codes that directly minimizes the block error rate (BLER) in MIMO channels with arbitrary fading statistics and various detection algorithms. For MIMO systems employing LD codes, the error rate does not admit an explicit form. Therefore, we cannot use deterministic optimization methods to design the minimum-error-rate LD codes. In this paper, we propose a simulation-based optimization methodology for the design of LD codes through stochastic approximation and simulation-based gradient estimation. The gradient estimation is done using the score function method originally developed in the discrete-event-system community. The proposed method can be applied to design the minimum-error-rate LD codes for a variety of detector structures including the maximum-likelihood (ML) detector and several suboptimal detectors. It can also design optimal codes under arbitrary fading channel statistics; in particular, it can take into account the knowledge of spatial fading correlation at the transmitter and receiver ends. Simulation results show that codes generated by the proposed new design paradigm generally outperform the codes designed based on algebraic number theory.
Concentration and separation of trace metal cations by complexation on polyamine-polyurea resins (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcentration and separation of trace metal cations by complexation on polyamine-polyurea resinsJoseph. Dingman, Sidney. Siggia, Carlos. Barton, and Kathryn B. HiscockCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 8, 1351–1357Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60316a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (800 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Radioimmunoassay of Group I Pepsinogens (PG I) and the Effect of Food on Serum PG I (1979)

A sensitive and precise radioimmunoassay of group I pepsinogens (PGI) in serum is described. The method is a modification of the one described by Samloff and Liebman. The most important improvement is that 125I-labeled PGI can be stored diluted for at least 7 weeks without loss of immunoreactivity. The present method has a detection limit of 2.6 ng/ml, a within-assay precision of 6%, and a between-assay precision of 17% in the normal range. A light test meal had no significant effect on serum PGI. Serum PGI in 388 non-fasting subjects 20-49 years old was 164 +/- 5 ng/ml (mean +/- S.E.M.). In these subjects serum PGI was significantly higher in men than in women. In both sexes the frequency distribution showed two peaks, indicating the presence of two different populations.
Enhanced Photogeneration of Triplet Excitons in an Oligothiophene–Fullerene Blend (2007)

Photoinduced and transient absorption spectroscopy is used to study triplet exciton dynamics in thin films of a new thiophene-based oligomer (DCV3T) and blends of DCV3T and fullerene C60. We find enhanced DCV3T triplet exciton generation in the blend layer, which is explained as an excitonic ping-pong effect: singlet energy transfer from DCV3T to C60, followed by immediate intersystem crossing to C60, and triplet exciton back-transfer. Estimations of the rate constants involved show that the ping-pong effect has an overall efficiency close to unity. The singlet-singlet energy transfer from DCV3T to C60 is demonstrated by efficient quenching of DCV3T luminescence in the blend, leading to sensitized emission of C60. We discuss a promising new concept of solar cells with an enlarged active-layer thickness based on potentially long-ranged triplet exciton diffusion in combination with efficient intersystem crossing.
[Fluid shear stress increases the Ca2+ concentration in bone-marrow derived osteoclast-like cells]. (2007)

The Cal2+ concentration in bone-marrow derived osteoclast-like cells is sensitive to fluid shear stress, which suggests osteoclast-like cells modulate their function in response to fluid shear stress through the change of free Ca2+ concentration.
Depth sectioning of individual dopant atoms with aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (2008)

The ability to detect individual impurity atoms has been greatly enhanced by the development of aberration-corrected electron microscopes. The reduced depth of focus potentially enables three-dimensional reconstructions of impurity atoms from through-focal series. We test the robustness of this depth-sectioning method for detecting impurity atoms in gate oxides using multislice simulations. For amorphous materials, dopants can be reliably imaged, and are accurately described by a simpler three-dimensional linear imaging model. For crystalline materials, however, channeling artifacts can render the signal uninterpretable. These artifacts can be eliminated by orienting the crystal slightly off the zone axis, which still preserves atomic resolution.
Evaporated Cermet Materials. (1967)

Both resistive and insulating cermets were obtained from experiments on co-evaporated materials. Stable resistivities in the 1000 micro-ohm-centimeter range were obtained from mixtures of germanium and chromium, and from a reaction product of aluminum and alumina. Glassy dielectric films were obtained from reaction products of aluminum and alumina, and from aluminum and silicon monoxide. The factors that control these co-evaporation processes are explained as related to coincident vapor pressures at specific temperatures. The in situ reaction of the constituents to form a third material having a higher vapor pressure is considered. Applications of these thin-film cermets to hybrid integrated circuit technology is discussed.
Iron-58 and Neutron Activation Analysis: A Non-Radioactive Method for Tracing Hemoglobin Iron (1994)

To develop a non-radioisotopic alternative to radioactive Fe-59 as a hemoglobin iron tracer, we evaluated Fe-58 and neutron activation analysis (NAA). Upon irradiation with thermal neutrons, stable isotope Fe-58 is converted to radioactive Fe-59 through (n,gamma) neutron reaction; its radioactivity measured by a gamma counter is proportional to the original Fe-58 present. Organ samples from rats infused with Hb or saline were analyzed along with a 10 mg Hb as a standard (105 nanograms of Fe-58). The measured values of Fe-58 in tissues were compared with those derived from the literature tissue iron contents. The amount of Fe-58 in normal tissue is extremely low yet detectable by NAA demonstrating high sensitivity. Measured values of Fe-58 from tissues were generally correlated well with literature derived values (e.g., brain: 0.19 and 0.15 ng/mg tissue; kidney: 0.6 and 0.7 ng/mg tissue, respectively). The results indicate that Fe-58 can be used as a non-radioactive tracer for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and distribution studies of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers.
Slim Fly: A Cost Effective Low-Diameter Network Topology (2014)

We introduce a high-performance cost-effective network topology called Slim Fly that approaches the theoretically optimal network diameter. Slim Fly is based on graphs that approximate the solution to the degree-diameter problem. We analyze Slim Fly and compare it to both traditional and state-of the-art networks. Our analysis shows that Slim Fly has significant advantages over other topologies in latency, bandwidth, resiliency, cost, and power consumption. Finally, we propose deadlock-free routing schemes and physical layouts for large computing centres as well as a detailed cost and power model. Slim Fly enables constructing cost effective and highly resilient data enter and HPC networks that offer low latency and high bandwidth under different HPC workloads such as stencil or graph computations.
The development of UHF RFID metal tag applying to license plat (2010)

This paper describes a design for RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) tag using license plate attached the vehicle bumper in UHF(Ultra High Frequency) MHz band. Its range of the fabricated tag antenna that the license plate and the vehicle bumper were fixed by volt and nut was observed 8.2 m. This measured readable range showed about 5 m above far distance more than the average readable range of commercial tag antenna. The RFID have ability of 0.5 seconds of recognition speed in the evaluation of performance.
Human Auditory Steady State Evoked Potentials during Sleep (1985)

The human auditory steady state evoked potentials were recorded during all-night sleep in 10 subjects. The effects of stimulus rate and intensity on these potentials were measured using on-line Fourier analysis. The amplitude of the response was greatest at stimulus rates of 30 to 50/sec. Although the response amplitude was lower during sleep, the rate at which the amplitude was greatest did not change between sleep and wakefulness. As the intensity was increased above threshold, the amplitude of the response increased linearly. The responses recorded during wakefulness showed a larger amplitude change with increasing intensity than during sleep. The estimated thresholds for the responses, however, did not differ significantly between wakefulness and sleep.