gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Morphine Reduces Local Cytokine Expression and Neutrophil Infiltration after Incision (2007)

Acute morphine administration of doses as low as 0.1 mg/kg reduces peri-incisional cytokine expression. A reduction in neutrophil infiltration does not provide a complete explanation for this effect, and keratinocytes may be responsible for some incision area cytokine production. These studies suggest that morphine may alter the inflammatory milieu of incisional wounds, but these alterations do not likely contribute significantly to analgesia in the acute setting.
Improving convergence of the NLMS algorithm using constrained subband updates (2004)

We propose a new design criterion for subband adaptive filters (SAFs). The proposed multiple-constraint optimization criterion is based on the principle of minimal disturbance, where the multiple constraints are imposed on the updated subband filter outputs. Compared to the classical fullband least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm, the subband adaptive filtering algorithm derived from the proposed criterion exhibits faster convergence under colored excitation. Furthermore, the recursive tap-weight adaptation can be expressed in a simple form comparable to that of the normalized LMS (NLMS) algorithm. We also show that the proposed multiple-constraint optimization criterion is related to another known weighted criterion. The efficacy of the proposed criterion and algorithm are examined and validated via mathematical analysis and simulation.
Computer aided segmentation of kidneys using locally shape constrained deformable models on CT images (2010)

This work presents a novel approach for model based segmentation of the kidney in images acquired by Computed Tomography (CT). The developed computer aided segmentation system is expected to support computer aided diagnosis and operation planning. We have developed a deformable model based approach based on local shape constraints that prevents the model from deforming into neighboring structures while allowing the global shape to adapt freely to the data. Those local constraints are derived from the anatomical structure of the kidney and the presence and appearance of neighboring organs. The adaptation process is guided by a rule-based deformation logic in order to improve the robustness of the segmentation in areas of diffuse organ boundaries. Our work flow consists of two steps: 1.) a user guided positioning and 2.) an automatic model adaptation using affine and free form deformation in order to robustly extract the kidney. In cases which show pronounced pathologies, the system also offers real time mesh editing tools for a quick refinement of the segmentation result. Evaluation results based on 30 clinical cases using CT data sets show an average dice correlation coefficient of 93% compared to the ground truth. The results are therefore in most cases comparable to manual delineation. Computation times of the automatic adaptation step are lower than 6 seconds which makes the proposed system suitable for an application in clinical practice.
Randomized comparison of the safety and efficacy of tazarotene 0.1% cream and adapalene 0.3% gel in the treatment of patients with at least moderate facial acne vulgaris. (2010)

This 16-week study evaluated once-daily tazarotene 0.1% cream and adapalene 0.3% gel in patients with moderate-to-severe acne. Patients treated with tazarotene 0.1% cream performed better in many acne efficacy measures (reduction in lesion counts, percentage of patients achieving a 50 percent lesion count reduction, overall disease severity, investigator's global assessment) than did patients treated with adapalene 0.3% gel. Reduction in postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) was also significantly greater with tazarotene 0.1% cream than with adapalene 0.3% gel (P < or = 0.018). Irritation was infrequent, generally mild and similar between treatment groups. In conclusion, both tazarotene 0.1% cream and adapalene 0.3% gel were effective and well tolerated in patients with at least moderate acne. Tazarotene 0.1% cream appeared to be more effective and nearly as well tolerated as adapalene 0.3% gel in reducing acne lesions and was more effective than adapalene 0.3% gel in reducing PIH.
Improved tumour targeting of di-Fab ' fragments modified with polyethylene glycol (1999)

DFM, a cross-linked di-Fab' version of the murine antibody A5B7 raised against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), was chemically modified with 5 kD and 25 kD polyethylene glycol (PEG). This led to changes in the pharmacokinetics by significantly increasing the circulating half-life of DFM, nine-fold for 5 kD PEG-DFM and thirteen-fold for 25 kD PEG-DFM at 24 h after injection. As a consequence of a longer residence time, tumour uptake levels were also increased, particularly of 5 kD PEG-DFM, producing 2-2.5-fold significant increases in % injected doses (%id/g) to the tumour at 24 h, 48 h and 144 h. Tumour uptake levels for 25 kD PEG-DFM were similar to DFM alone between 3 h and 48 h; however, by 144 h the %id/g for 25 kD PEG-DFM was doubled. There was a 40% decrease in the immunoreactivity of 25 kD PEG-DFM, compared to native DFM, whereas there was no loss in activity of 5 kD PEG-DFM, The large increase in circulating activity of (125)iodine labelled 25 kD PEG-DFM led to a 23.8-fold increase in absorbed doses to normal tissues; however, th is was not accompanied by a similar increase in tumour dose, which resulted in lower tumour to blood ratios. Therefore 25 kD PEG-DFM was not considered for radioimmunotherapy in this study. However, 5 kD PEG-DFM showed more promise as a therapeutic agent, producing significantly higher tumour levels and a relatively similar therapeutic response to unmodified DFM, although the MTD for both therapeutic agents was not reached. In addition PEGylation of A5B7 DFM reduced the high absorbed radiation dose to the kidneys which was found in a recent clinical study. DFM and therefore 5 kD PEG-DFM appear to be promising for clinical development.
Detection and partial characterization of an amidating enzyme in skin secretion of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> (1986)

Peptidyl‐glycine‐α‐amidating monooxygenase has been purified about 150‐fold from skin secretion of Xenopus laevis by a three‐step procedure. The enzyme converts [ 14 C]succinyl‐Ala‐Phe‐Gly to [ 14 C]succinyl‐Ala‐Phe‐amide at both pH 5.5 and 8.4 in the presence of different metal ions and ascorbate or tetrahydropterin. In contrast to the mammalian enzyme, higher activities were detected at pH 5.5.
Analysis of As&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-Ti: LiNbO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Taper Couplers Using Supermode Theory (2012)

In this work, we develop a simulation method based on supermode theory and transfer matrix formalism, and then apply it to the analysis and design of taper couplers for vertically integrated As2S3 and Ti: LiNbO3 hybrid waveguides. Test structures based on taper couplers are fabricated and characterized. The experimental results confirm the validity of the modeling method, which in turn, is used to analyze the fabricated couplers.
Composition estimator in a pilot-plant distillation column using multiple temperatures (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComposition estimator in a pilot-plant distillation column using multiple temperaturesThor Mejdell and Sigurd SkogestadCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1991, 30, 12, 2555–2564Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00060a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00060a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views387Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prospective study on the relationship between cervical neoplasia and herpes simplex type‐2 virus. II. Herpes simplex type‐2 antibody presence in sera taken at enrolment (1984)

Sera obtained at enrollment in the study from patients suffering from moderate to sever dysplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade II), carcinoma in situ (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III) and invasive carcinoma, or developing any of these conditions in the course of the prospective study, and from control subjects, were examined for herpes simplex type-2 (HSV-2) antibody presence. The controls were matched with the patients by age, age at first intercourse, number of sexual partners, smoking habits and history of diathermoelectrocoagulation of the ectopic epithelium and transformation zone of cervix. Only those subjects were selected as controls who remained free of pathological colposcopical and cytological findings throughout the observation period, i.e. for at least 4 years after their serum sample was obtained. The microneutralization test (MNT) and type-2-specific solid-phase radioimmunoassay (SPRIA) were used as serological tests. No difference in the prevalence of HSV-2 antibody between the patients and controls was revealed by either test. Various combinations of the results from the two tests also failed to show any difference between patients and controls. Moreover, no significant differences were observed in the prevalence of HSV-2 antibody between patients suffering from the various pathological conditions and those diagnosed at enrollment and later in the course of the study. These results do not provide any support for the hypothesis of the involvement of HSV-2 in cervical neoplasia.
NMR microscopy of dynamic displacements: k-space and q-space imaging (1988)

The superposition of pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) and NMR imaging experiments results in a spin density image which is phase and amplitude modulated according to the local self-correlation function for nuclear spin displacements over the time between the PGSE gradient pulses. It is shown that such an experiment can image both static and dynamic spin displacements, the reciprocal space for these image spaces being termed k-space and q-space respectively. Simultaneous imaging of diffusion and flow at microscopic resolution is demonstrated and the Poiseuille velocity distribution agrees well with the velocity map obtained for the motion of water in a 0.7 mm capillary tube.
A New Human Eye Tracking Method Based on Tracking Module Feedback TLD Algorithm (2018)

Existing human eye tracking research is based on the off-line sample training cascade classifier and the traditional tracking algorithm. However, it is difficult to adapt to situations where human eye is partially blocked, gets morphological changes or scale changes and so on. In order to solve these problems, the tracking-learning-detection algorithm for online single-target long-term tracking is used and improved. A novel eye tracking method-the human eye tracking-learning-detection algorithm with tracking feedback is proposed. The detection area is adjusted adaptively and narrowed by the tracking feedback. Above problems are solved, the interference of similar targets is avoided, and the speed of human eye tracking is enhanced. The experimental results show that the algorithm has high tracking accuracy and frames per second.
Effect of a Single Application of Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Port-wine Birthmarks on Intraocular Pressure (2010)

A single laser application to a PWB does not appear to show a clinically relevant change in intraocular pressure. Further study is needed longitudinally in a broad range of patients.
Dissociative electronic recombination-recent results (1992)

The author presents and discusses the results of experimental work on dissociative recombination. In particular, the temperature dependences of the rate coefficients and the neutral products of the reactions are discussed. Attention is paid to contradictions of the dissociative recombination coefficient of H3+.
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Cancer Incidence in Vegetarians: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review (2012)

Our results suggest that vegetarians have a significantly lower ischemic heart disease mortality (29%) and overall cancer incidence (18%) than nonvegetarians.
Streptococcal Adhesion and Colonization (1997)

Streptococci express arrays of adhesins on their cell surfaces that facilitate adherence to substrates present in their natural environment within the mammalian host. A consequence of such promiscuous binding ability is that streptococcal cells may adhere simultaneously to a spectrum of substrates, including salivary glycoproteins, extracellular matrix and serum components, host cells, and other microbial cells. The multiplicity of streptococcal adherence interactions accounts, at least in part, for their success in colonizing the oral and epithelial surfaces of humans. Adhesion facilitates colonization and may be a precursor to tissue invasion and immune modulation, events that presage the development of disease. Many of the streptococcal adhesins and virulence-related factors are cell-wall-associated proteins containing repeated sequence blocks of amino acids. Linear sequences, both within the blocks and within non-repetitive regions of the proteins, have been implicated in substrate binding. Sequences and functions of these proteins among the streptococci have become assorted through gene duplication and horizontal transfer between bacterial populations. Several adhesins identified and characterized through in vitro binding assays have been analyzed for in vivo expression and function by means of animal models used for colonization and virulence. Information on the molecular structure of adhesins as related to their in vivo function will allow for the rational design of novel acellular vaccines, recombinant antibodies, and adhesion agonists for the future control or prevention of streptococcal colonization and streptococcal diseases.
Synthesis of 16alpha-bromoacetoxyestradiol 3-methyl ether and study of the steroid binding site of human placental estradiol 17beta-dehydrogenase. (1975)

Homogeneous estradiol 17beta-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.62) was prepared from human placenta by affinity chromatography and the steroid binding site was studied with affinity-labeling techniques. 16alpha-Bromoacetoxyestradiol 3-methyl ether and the tritated compound were synthesized by condensation of estriol 3-methyl ether with bromoacetic acid or [2-3H]bromoacetic acid in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. 16alpha-Bromoacetoxyestradiol 3-methyl ether is stable in 0.01 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.0, 25 degrees, for at least 24 hours. It alkylates cysteine, histidine, methionine, lysine, and tryptophan under physiological conditions. The steroid is a substrate of estradiol 17beta-dehydrogenase, thus it must bind at the steroid binding site. The inactivation of estradiol 17beta-dehydrogenase by 150-fold molar concentrations of 16alpha-bromoacetoxyestradiol 3-methyl ether follows pseudo-first order kinetics with a half-time of 1.5 hours. Estradiol-17beta, NADH, and NADPH slow the rate of inactivation. 2-Mercaptoethanol in molar concentrations 50-fold that of 16alpha-bromoacetoxyestradiol 3-methyl ether stops the inactivation, but does not reverse it. 16alpha-Bromoacetoxyestradiol 3-methyl ether alkylates both NADH and NADPH; the presence of small amounts of enzyme markedly increases the rate of this alkylation. When the enzyme is inactivated with 16alpha-[2-3H]bromoacetoxyestradiol 3-methyl ether, amino acid analysis of acid hydrolysates reveals 3-carboxymethylhistidine and 1,3-dicarboxymethylhistidine. Comparison of 28 and 51% inactivated samples indicates that, as inactivation proceeds, the total amount of 3-carboxymethylhistidine decreases, while 1,3-dicarboxymethylhistidine increases, suggesting that the former is converted to the latter by a second alkylation step. When the enzyme is inactivated in the presence of a large excess of NADPH, only 1,3-dicarboxymethylhistidine is found. From the present study it is concluded that estradiol 17beta-dehydrogenase has a histidyl residue present in the catalytic region of the active site as does the previously studied 20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
Allergy reactions to insulin: effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and insulin analogues (2007)

The purification of animal insulin preparations and the use of human recombinant insulin have markedly reduced the incidence but not completely suppressed the occurrence of insulin allergy manifestations. Advances in technologies concerning the mode of delivery of insulin, i.e. continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), and the use of insulin analogues, resulting from the alteration in the amino acid sequence of the native insulin molecule, may influence the immunogenicity and antigenicity of native insulin. Instead of increasing allergy reactions, CSII has been reported to represent a successful alternative treatment in diabetic patients presenting local or generalized allergy to insulin or other components (zinc, protamine) of conventional treatment. Most recent reports concern CSII-treated patients using short-acting insulin analogues (essentially insulin lispro), although the precise role of these insulin analogues remains unclear as allergy to them has also been described. Finally, data on antigenicity and immunogenicity of long-acting insulin analogues (glargine, detemir), which may mimic the basal insulin delivery with CSII, remain scarce at present.
Alpha- and beta-emitting radiolanthanides in targeted cancer therapy (1996)

The efficacy of systemic cancer therapy rests on the ability of a toxin to be preferentially located in cancer cells, so that cancer cell kill is maximized and normal tissue spared. This requires that the lifetime of the toxin be less than the lifetime of the carrier in the body, effectively ruling out chemical toxins, as they remain effective until excreted from the body. The requirement of localization of dose to the cancer cell makes radioactive beta-emitting radionuclides unattractive. Alpha-emitting radionuclides are much more appropriate toxins, as their efficacy depends on the high energy and short range of the alpha particles, and terbium-149 is shown to be the most efficacious of these. However, the merit of various alpha- and beta-emitting radionuclides depends on the stage and type of cancer. Recommendations are made with respect to the matching of the target cancer with required properties of the radiolabel and carrier.
Why you should stop predicting customer churn and start using uplift models (2019)

Uplift modeling has received increasing interest in both the business analytics research community and the industry as an improved paradigm for predictive analytics for data-driven operational decision-making. The literature, however, does not provide conclusive empirical evidence that uplift modeling outperforms predictive modeling. Case studies that directly compare both approaches are lacking, and the performance of predictive models and uplift models as reported in various experimental studies cannot be compared indirectly since different evaluation measures are used to assess their performance. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce a novel evaluation metric called the maximum profit uplift (MPU) measure that allows assessing the performance in terms of the maximum potential profit that can be achieved by adopting an uplift model. This measure, developed for evaluating customer churn uplift models, extends the maximum profit measure for evaluating customer churn prediction models. While introducing the MPU measure, we describe the generally applicable liftup curve and liftup measure for evaluating uplift models as counterparts of the lift curve and lift measure that are broadly used to evaluate predictive models. These measures are subsequently applied to assess and compare the performance of customer churn prediction and uplift models in a case study that applies uplift modeling to customer retention in the financial industry. We observe that uplift models outperform predictive models and lead to improved profitability of retention campaigns.
Isolation and characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants resistant to Calcofluor white (1988)

Calcofluor is a fluorochrome that exhibits antifungal activity and a high affinity for yeast cell wall chitin. We isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants resistant to Calcofluor. The resistance segregated in a Mendelian fashion and behaved as a recessive character in all the mutants analyzed. Five loci were defined by complementation analysis. The abnormally thick septa between mother and daughter cells caused by Calcofluor in wild-type cells were absent in the mutants. The Calcofluor-binding capacity, observed by fluorescence microscopy, in a S. cerevisiae wild-type cells during alpha-factor treatment was also absent in some mutants and reduced in others. Staining of cell walls with wheat germ agglutinin-fluorescein complex indicated that the chitin uniformly distributed over the whole cell wall in vegetative or in alpha-factor-treated cells was almost absent in three of the mutants and reduced in the two others. Cell wall analysis evidenced a five- to ninefold reduction in the amount of chitin in mutants compared with that in the wild-type strain. The total amounts of cell wall mannan and beta-glucan in wild-type and mutant strains were similar; however, the percentage of beta-glucan that remained insoluble after alkali extraction was considerably reduced in mutant cells. The susceptibilities of the mutants and the wild-type strains to a cell wall enzymic lytic complex were rather similar. The in vitro levels of chitin synthase 2 detected in all mutants were similar to that in the wild type. The significance of these results is discussed in connection with the mechanism of chitin synthesis and cell wall morphogenesis in S. cerevisiae.
Our approach to squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix (2006)

Morphological analysis remains the “gold standard” in the diagnosis and grading of CIN