gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homo- and Hetero-oligomerization of Ammonium Transporter-1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si1.gif"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>NH</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:math> Uniporters (2003)

In most organisms, high affinity ammonium uptake is catalyzed by members of the ammonium transporter family (AMT/MEP/Rh). A single point mutation (G458D) in the cytosolic C terminus of the plasma membrane transporter LeAMT1;1 from tomato leads to loss of function, although mutant and wild type proteins show similar localization when expressed in yeast or plant protoplasts. Co-expression of LeAMT1;1 and mutant in Xenopus oocytes inhibited ammonium transport in a dominant negative manner, suggesting homo-oligomerization. In vivo interaction between LeAMT1;1 proteins was confirmed by the split ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid system. LeAMT1;1 is isolated from root membranes as a high molecular mass oligomer, converted to a approximately 35-kDa polypeptide by denaturation. To investigate interactions with the LeAMT1;2 paralog, co-localizing with LeAMT1;1 in root hairs, LeAMT1;2 was characterized as a lower affinity NH4+ uniporter. Co-expression of wild types with the respective G458D/G465D mutants inhibited ammonium transport in a dominant negative manner, supporting the formation of heteromeric complexes in oocytes. Thus, in yeast, oocytes, and plants, ammonium transporters are able to oligomerize, which may be relevant for regulation of ammonium uptake.
Operating system resource management (2010)

Resource management is the dynamic allocation and de-allocation by an operating system of processor cores, memory pages, and various types of bandwidth to computations that compete for those resources. The objective is to allocate resources so as to optimize responsiveness subject to the finite resources available. Historically, resource management solutions have been relatively unsystematic, and now the very assumptions underlying the traditional strategies fail to hold. First, applications increasingly differ in their ability to exploit resources, especially processor cores. Second, application responsiveness is approximately two-valued for "Quality-Of-Service" (QOS) applications, depending on whether deadlines are met. Third, power and battery energy have become constrained. This talk will propose a scheme for addressing the operating system resource management problem.
Effects of melatonin on the nitric oxide treated retina (2004)

Uncontrolled NO elevation caused morphological and nuclear changes in the retina. Melatonin significantly suppressed the NO induced increase in mIRLT, INL HC expression, and apoptotic ganglion cells on day 1, but not after day 4. Melatonin may have a protective role in the NO elevated retina.
Impairments of Neuroplasticity and Cellular Resilience in Severe Mood Disorders: Implications for the Development of Novel Therapeutics (2025)

Mood disorders have traditionally been conceptualized as neurochemical disorders, but there is now evidence from a variety of sources demonstrating regional reductions in central nervous system (CNS) volume, as well as reductions in the numbers and/or sizes of glia and neurons in discrete brain areas. Although the precise cellular mechanisms underlying these morphometric changes remain to be fully elucidated, the data suggests that mood disorders are associated with impairments of structural plasticity and cellular resilience. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that signaling pathways involved in regulating cell survival and cell death are long-term targets for the actions of antidepressants and mood stabilizers. Antidepressants, lithium, and valproate indirectly regulate a number of factors involved in cell survival pathways, including CREB, BDNF, Bcl-2, and MAP kinases, and may thus bring about some of their delayed long term beneficial effects via underappreciated neurotrophic effects. The future development of treatments that more directly target molecules involved in critical CNS cell survival and cell death pathways thus hold promise as novel, improved long-term treatments for mood disorders.
Induction Consolidation of Thermoplastic Composites Using Smart Susceptors (2012)

This project has focused on the area of energy efficient consolidation and molding of fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite components as an energy efficient alternative to the conventional processing methods such as autoclave processing. The expanding application of composite materials in wind energy, automotive, and aerospace provides an attractive energy efficiency target for process development. The intent is to have this efficient processing along with the recyclable thermoplastic materials ready for large scale application before these high production volume levels are reached. Therefore, the process can be implemented in a timely manner to realize the maximum economic, energy, and environmental efficiencies. Under this project an increased understanding of the use of induction heating with smart susceptors applied to consolidation of thermoplastic has been achieved. This was done by the establishment of processing equipment and tooling and the subsequent demonstration of this fabrication technology by consolidating/molding of entry level components for each of the participating industrial segments, wind energy, aerospace, and automotive. This understanding adds to the nation's capability to affordably manufacture high quality lightweight high performance components from advanced recyclable composite materials in a lean and energy efficient manner. The use of induction heating with smart susceptors is a precisely controlled low energy method for the consolidation and molding of thermoplastic composites. The smart susceptor provides intrinsic thermal control based on the interaction with the magnetic field from the induction coil thereby producing highly repeatable processing. The low energy usage is enabled by the fact that only the smart susceptor surface of the tool is heated, not the entire tool. Therefore much less mass is heated resulting in significantly less required energy to consolidate/mold the desired composite components. This energy efficiency results in potential energy savings of {approx}75% as compared to autoclave processing in aerospace, {approx}63% as compared to compression molding in automotive, and {approx}42% energy savings as compared to convectively heated tools in wind energy. The ability to make parts in a rapid and controlled manner provides significant economic advantages for each of the industrial segments. These attributes were demonstrated during the processing of the demonstration components on this project.
Voice conversion through transformation of spectral and intonation features (2004)

This paper presents a voice conversion method based on transformation of the characteristic features of a source speaker towards a target. Voice characteristic features are grouped into two main categories: (a) the spectral features at formants and (b) the pitch and intonation patterns. Signal modelling and transformation methods for each group of voice features are outlined. The spectral features at formants are modelled using a set of two-dimensional phoneme-dependent HMM. Subband frequency warping is used for spectrum transformation with the subbands centred on the estimates of the formant trajectories. The F0 contour is used for modelling the pitch and intonation patterns of speech. A PSOLA based method is employed for transformation of pitch, intonation patterns and speaking rate. The experiments present illustrations and perceptual evaluations of the results of transformations of the various voice features.
Microblog language identification: overcoming the limitations of short, unedited and idiomatic text (2012)

Multilingual posts can potentially affect the outcomes of content analysis on microblog platforms. To this end, language identification can provide a monolingual set of content for analysis. We find the unedited and idiomatic language of microblogs to be challenging for state-of-the-art language identification methods. To account for this, we identify five microblog characteristics that can help in language identification: the language profile of the blogger (blogger), the content of an attached hyperlink (link), the language profile of other users mentioned (mention) in the post, the language profile of a tag (tag), and the language of the original post (conversation), if the post we examine is a reply. Further, we present methods that combine these priors in a post-dependent and post-independent way. We present test results on 1,000 posts from five languages (Dutch, English, French, German, and Spanish), which show that our priors improve accuracy by 5 % over a domain specific baseline, and show that post-dependent combination of the priors achieves the best performance. When suitable training data does not exist, our methods still outperform a domain unspecific baseline. We conclude with an examination of the language distribution of a million tweets, along with temporal analysis, the usage of twitter features across languages, and a correlation study between classifications made and geo-location and language metadata fields.
Novel experimental model for repeated forebrain ischemia-reperfusion (2012)

Background and Purpose: The lack of reliable rodent model for repeated ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) hampers experimental research on stroke. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to develop a mouse model for repeated I-R cycles in a single animal on different days. 

Methods and Results: The right common carotid artery (CCA) was ligated and both vertebral arteries were coagulated. A customized vascular occluder, with its actuating tubing glued to a microport, was cuffed around the isolated left CCA and secured. Inflating of the occluder diaphragm via the microport restricted the blood flow via the left CCA and reduced the cerebral blood flow (CBF) by 75% in both hemispheres, while deflating allowed for the CBF restoration. Two minutes of forebrain ischemia followed by a 24 h reperfusion period was tolerated by animals for 5 cycles. Importantly, repeated 2 min I-R cycles attenuated the infarct volume induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. 

Conclusions: The described model is a reliable method to induce transient I-R events in the forebrain. The model mimics transient ischemic attacks and allows for controlling the ischemic durations, intervals, and numbers of I-R cycles.
Expanding the Analyte Set of the JPL Electronic Nose to Include Inorganic Species (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">An array-based sensing system based on 32 polymer/carbon composite conductometric sensors is under development at JPL. Until the present phase of development, the analyte set has focused on organic compounds (common solvents) and a few selected inorganic compounds, notably ammonia and hydrazine. The present phase of JPL ENose development has added two inorganics to the analyte set: mercury and sulfur dioxide. Through models of sensor-analyte response developed under this program coupled with a literature survey, approaches to including these analytes in the ENose target set have been determined.</div>
Chapter 2 (1998)

As the preference of parsimony over profusion regarding explanatory variable constitutes possibly the most important characteristic of the theoretical methodology I employ in model building, it is perhaps appropriate to elaborate the reasoning behind this approach.
Fabrication and Characterization of Transparent Conductive <scp> <scp>ZnO</scp> </scp> : <scp> <scp>Al</scp> </scp> Thin Films Deposited on Polyethylene Terephthalate Substrates (2012)

This article deals with the optimization of the process parameters, with regard to multiple performance characteristics, involved in the preparation of transparent conducting Al 2 O 3 ‐doped (2 wt.%) zinc oxide ( AZO ) thin films deposited onto flexible polyethylene terephthalate ( PET ) substrates, using radio frequency ( RF ) magnetron sputtering. Experiments based on the Grey‐Taguchi method were conducted to examine the influence of deposition parameters ( RF power, sputtering pressure, substrate‐to‐target distance, and coating time) on the deposition rate, electrical resistivity and structural, morphological and optical transmittance. Experimental results indicate that using the optimal parameter set selected by Grey theory prediction, it is possible to achieve an improvement of 3.8% in deposition rate, of 45.6% in resistivity, and to maintain the transmittance over 80%, compared to that achieved by using the Taguchi method. For the Grey theory prediction, films were deposited using substrate‐to‐target distance of 80, 85, and 90 mm, while maintaining constant values for the other conditions. A clear decrease in resistivity was observed, as substrate‐to‐target distance decreased, with the lowest resistivity being obtained at 80 mm, although a better optical transmittance was achieved at a distance of 85 mm. It is evident that the resistivity decreases as the Al buffer thickness increases, with the lowest resistivity 7.0 × 10 −4 Ω‐cm, being found for a 15 nm thickness of Al buffer. The transmittance decreases, as the Al buffer thickness increases; transmittance values of 84.5%, 81.8%, and 79.4% correspond to an Al buffer thickness of 5, 10, and 15 nm, respectively. From the results of pull‐off testing, the adhesive strength of the AZO film on a PET substrate increases, as the buffer thickness is increased.
Syntheses and thermal rearrangements of N-imino-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridinium and N-imino-.DELTA.3-pyrrolinium ylides. (1978)

The thermolysis of the N-ethoxycarbonylimino-1, 2, 5, 6-tetrahydropyridinium ylides (8), which were prepared from the corresponding parent N-ethoxycarbonyliminopyridinium ylides (10) by successive sodium borohydride reduction and methylation with methyl iodide, gave the [2, 3] rearrangement products, 3-vinyltetrahydropyrazoles (15), and the elimination products, pentadienylhydrazines (16). In contrast, the thermolysis of the pyrrolinium ylide (9), which was prepared from N-methyl-Δ3-pyrroline by N-amination and ethoxycarbonylation, gave the [1, 2] rearrangement product, tetrahydropyridazine derivative (18), and did not give the [2, 3] rearrangement product (20).
MR Imaging of Gossypiboma: A Case Report (1995)

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of a surgically-proven gossypiboma are described. A well-encapsulated hyperintense lesion with inner wavy hypointense structures on long TR images is characteristic. Current relatively high cost and inaccessibility still limit magnetic resonance experience reflecting clinical usefulness in the diagnosis of gossypibomas. Further studies are recommended to fully assess the role of MR imaging in this disease process.
Image Authentication Based on Distributed Source Coding (2007)

Image authentication is important in content delivery via untrusted intermediaries, such as peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing. Many differently encoded versions of the original image might exist. On the other hand, intermediaries might tamper with the contents. Distinguishing the legitimate diversity of encodings from malicious manipulation is the challenge addressed in this paper. We develop a novel approach based on distributed source coding for the problem of backward-compatible image authentication. The key idea is to provide a Slepian-Wolf encoded quantized image projection as authentication data. This version can be correctly decoded only with the help of an authentic image as side information. Distributed source coding provides the desired robustness against legitimate encoding variations, while detecting illegitimate modification. We demonstrate false acceptance rates close to zero for authentication data sizes that are only a few percent of the compressed image size.
Organic syntheses based on name reactions and unnamed reactions (1994)

Alder (ene) reaction Auwers - flavone synthesis Baer-Fischer - amino sugar synthesis Chan - reduction of acetylenes Collman - carbonylation reagent Dakin - oxidation Ehrlich-Sachs - aldehyde synthesis Ferrier - carbohydrate synthesis Friedel-Crafts - alkylation-acylation Gassman - oxindole synthesis Haddadin-Issidorides - quinoxaline synthesis Henbest - iridium reagent Isay - pteridine synthesis Kabe - chromanone synthesis Leuckart-Wallace - reductive amination McFadyen-Stevens - ester reduction Michael addition Nazarov - cyclopentenone synthesis Olofson - reagent Paal-Knorr - pyrrole synthesis Pfitzinger - quinoline synthesis Regitz - diazo transfer Sakurai - allylation Scholtz - indolizine synthesis Suzuki - vinyl coupling Tebbe - olefination Ullmann-Fedvadjan - acridine synthesis Van Boom - phosphorylating reagent Vilsmeier-Haack-Viehe reagent Wacker-Tsuji - olefin oxidation Wissner - hydroxy ketone synthesis Wolff rearrangement Yamazaki - cyanoaniline synthesis Zinke-Ziegler - synthesis of calixarenes name index reagent index index to type of reactions index to the synthesis of functional groups. (Part Contents).
Practical Method for Extraction of PCR-Quality DNA from Environmental Soil Samples (2010)

Methods for the extraction of PCR-quality DNA from environmental soil samples by using pairs of commercially available kits were evaluated. Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in spiked soil samples at <1,000 genome equivalents per gram of soil and in 12 (16.4%) of 73 environmental soil samples.
A game theoretic approach for cooperative MIMO schemes with cellular reuse of the relay slot (2004)

An iterative game theory based algorithm is proposed to allocate the resources in cooperative schemes for the downlink. Both amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative schemes are considered with cellular reuse of the relay slot. Multiple antennas can be used at the involved stations. Using the algorithm proposed, the simultaneous relay powers are decided in a decentralized way using mean channel level measures and mean values of noise and interference power. The cell capacity gain for the cooperative schemes using the decentralized algorithm is evaluated by means of simulation for both the AF and DF approaches.
Optimum detection of random signals in noise, with application to scatter-multipath communication--I (1956)

Solutions are obtained in open form for the optimum, probability-computing detector of either Gaussian signals, or known signals transmitted via scatter-paths, where the signals have been further perturbed by additive white Gaussian noise. The optimum receiver operates on the received waveforms with filter-functions and biasing constants determined by pairs of inhomogeneous and homogeneous integral equations, respectively. General solution in closed form has not been obtained, but it is possible to draw a few broad conclusions, among them that the filter-functions can be physically realizable. Approximate solution (for the optimum scatter-path receiver) at small signal-to-noise ratios yields a block diagram having interesting implications. For a single-scatter-path, the optimum receiver may be interpreted as the combination of a correlator with an optimum estimator of the Wiener type. Certain special cases in which complete solution is possible have been investigated in detail, and appropriate curves are presented. The role and performance of the probability-computing detector in an optimum decision-making receiver, for the types of channels considered, is deferred to a companion paper.
MRI-superconductivity in the marketplace (1987)

Magnets for medical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) represent the first large scale commercial application of superconductivity. These devices have been in production in the U.S., the U.K., and Europe for several years and the basic designs have stabilized. Since the magnets operate at relatively low fields (generally < 2 Tesla), they have not required advances in basic superconducting materials or magnet technology. Progress has come rather in the areas of cryogen consumption, field homogeneity, transportability, shielding, reliability, and the user interface. This paper reviews the currently available devices and the areas presently under development.
Toward practical real-time photon mapping (2013)

We describe the design space for real-time photon density estimation, the key step of rendering global illumination (GI) via photon mapping. We then detail and analyze efficient GPU implementations of four best-of-breed algorithms. All produce reasonable results on NVIDIA GeForce 670 at 1920 × 1080 for complex scenes with multiple-bounce diffuse effects, caustics, and glossy reflection in real-time. Across the designs we conclude that tiled, deferred photon gathering in a compute shader gives the best combination of performance and quality.
Ultrasonic Wave Technology in Waste Water Processing Applied Research (2006)

A comprehensive review on the applications and recent advances of ultrasound in wastewater and treatment has given in this paper The principles,characteristics,influencing factors and the main achievements and conclusions available to date associated with sonolysis of wastewater have been outlined Further,the existing technical problems and the developmental trend are discussed.
An In Vivo Functional Screen Uncovers miR-150-Mediated Regulation of Hematopoietic Injury Response (2012)

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are often undesired targets of chemotherapies, leading to hematopoietic suppression requiring careful clinical management. Whether microRNAs control hematopoietic injury response is largely unknown. We report an in vivo gain-of-function screen and the identification of miR-150 as an inhibitor of hematopoietic recovery upon 5-fluorouracil-induced injury. Utilizing a bone marrow transplant model with a barcoded microRNA library, we screened for barcode abundance in peripheral blood of recipient mice before and after 5-fluorouracil treatment. Overexpression of screen-candidate miR-150 resulted in significantly slowed recovery rates across major blood lineages, with associated impairment of bone marrow clonogenic potential. Conversely, platelets and myeloid cells from miR-150 null marrow recovered faster after 5-fluorouracil treatment. Heterozygous knockout of c-myb, a conserved target of miR-150, partially phenocopied miR-150-forced expression. Our data highlight the role of microRNAs in controlling hematopoietic injury response and demonstrate the power of in vivo functional screens for studying microRNAs in normal tissue physiology.
Investigation of Delta Wing Leading-Edge Devices (1981)

Leading-edge flow manipulators for alleviating the subsonic lift-dependent drag of highly-swept wings were investigated experimentally. The potential of several devices—fences, chordwise slots, pylon vortex generators, and a vortex plate concept—was evaluated in wind tunnel tests on a 60 deg cropped delta wing research model. Simultaneous balance and pressure measurements at increasing angles of attack provided an insight into the spanwise leading-edge flow development and its modification by the devices. The results demonstrated significant drag reductions through partial recovery of leading-edge suction at elevated angles of attack. In most cases, improvement in longitudinal stability also was obtained.