gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model-free approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in macromolecules. 2. Analysis of experimental results (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModel-free approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in macromolecules. 2. Analysis of experimental resultsGiovanni Lipari and Attila SzaboCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 17, 4559–4570Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00381a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00381a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2932Altmetric-Citations1570LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of IEEE 802.11 Underwater Networks Operating at 700 MHz, 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz (2014)

The usage of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs), and sensors in surveillance, maintenance and inspection of underwater facilities is increasing the need for broadband, cost-effective communications solutions. Current solutions, mainly based on acoustic communications, enable long ranges but provide low bitrates and have high communication delays. Despite its strong attenuation underwater, RF is envisioned as a technology to enable broadband, short-range communications.
Bledta II: Synthesis of a new tumor‐visualizing derivative of CO(III)‐bleomycin (1981)

Abstract A new bifunctional chelating agent, (S)‐l‐(p‐bromoacetamidobenzyl) ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid, has been prepared from L‐phenylalanine. Reaction of the chelating agent with the Co(III) complex of the antitumor antibiotic bleomycin‐A 2 DM was used to generate a new derivative of Co(III)‐bleomycin, BLEDTA II. The product can be radiolabeled quickly by binding a radioactive metal ion to the EDTA group. The in vivo distribution of 111 In‐BLEDTA II in tumor‐bearing mice was determined and found to be indistinguishable from that of the clinically useful 111 In(III)‐BLEDTA I complex (J. Med. Chem. 22 : 1019 (1979)).
Chemical methods in prokaryotic systematics (1994)

Partial table of contents: Chemosystematics: Current State and Future Prospects (M. Goodfellow & A. O'Donnell). Analysis of Cellular Constituents from Gram-Negative Bacteria (E. Jantzen & K. Bryn). Analysis of the Cell Wall Constituents of Gram-Positive Bacteria (I. Hancock). Structural Lipids of Eubacteria (T. Embley & R. Wait). Analysis of Microbial Sterols and Hopanoids (G. Jones, et al.). Archaeal Lipids (M. De Rosa & A. Gambacorta). Isoprenoid Quinones (M. Collins). Analysis of Cytochromes (R. Poole). Analysis of Pigments: Carotenoids and Related Polyenes (K. Schmidt, et al.). Determination of DNA Base Composition (J. Tamaoka). Analytical Fingerprinting Methods (J. Magee). Appendix. Index.
미국 공동주택 금융의 현황과 시사점 (2010)

우리나라에서 인구성장 및 도시밀집에 따라 자연스레 공동주택이 발달하였다. 그중 가장 선호되는 아파트의 경우 2004년 후분양제 실시가 예고됨에 따라 시행사가 사전에 아파트 건설자금을 융통할 필요성이 더 커졌다. 공동주택과 관련된 금융에는 건설자금을 조달하기 위한 비교적 단기의 건설금융과 주택 매수인들을 위한 장기금융이 있으며 양자는 상호 의존관계에 있다. 미국의 경우 공동거주를 위한 공동주택으로 가장 일반적인 형태는 콘도미니엄(condominium)과 코아퍼러티브(Cooperative)이다. 콘도미니엄은 우리나라의 아파트 소유형태와 유사한 공동주택으로 현재 미국 전역에 걸쳐 가장 인기있는 공동주택 형태이며, 코아러퍼티브는 뉴욕 등 몇몇 대도시에서 선호되는 공동주택 형태이다. 이 글에서는 미국의 콘도미니엄과 코아퍼러티브의 특색 및 이를 규율하는 법을 살펴보고, 이에 관한 건설금융과 장기금융의 현황 및 관련 주요 쟁점을 소개하였다. 이 글에서 다루는 후순위약정의 유효성, 코업 지분의 성격과 담보설정 문제, 콘도나 코업에 관한 권리의 매각계약이 증권에 해당되는지의 문제는 우리나라 아파트 건설금융 및 관련법에 일정한 시사점을 제공한다.
Integrating Oil Health and Vibration Diagnostics for Reliable Wind Turbine Health Predictions (2011)

The Department of Energy’s (DOE) goal for wind energy is that it comprise 20% of the nation’s energy by 2030. For this to be achieved, so called “distributed wind” and off-shore wind farms will be required. However, to date, operating & maintenance and unscheduled outage costs make such applications risky [1]. A potential risk mitigation strategy is implementation of Prognostics and Health Management (PHM). Prognostics promise great benefits to parts order/handling, logistic planning, maintenance scheduling, which ultimately reduces the cost of ownership/operation. Successful prognostics require that faults be detected at the earliest possible stage. However, to fully realize the benefit of the investment, PHM systems must provide early detection of precursors for failure modes. Incipient fault detection is critical to increasing reliability and lowering Operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs for wind turbine gearboxes. The combination of this critical incipient fault detection capability with prognostics will allow wind turbine owners to reap the promised PHM benefits. It is possible to generalize gearbox faults into two areas: mechanical and lubricant related faults. To provide adequate coverage to both generalized areas, the authors will show how two primary sensing technologies can be combined to provide the necessary detection horizon for wind turbine gearboxes. The authors will introduce a generalized PHM architecture that can be adapted for a broad range of mechanical systems, especially wind turbine gearboxes. Various sensors and diagnostic techniques that can be integrated into the architecture will be discussed. Finally, the authors will show how the architecture, sensors, and techniques can be applied to a subscale test, including example results.
A wavelet and canny based image comparison (2005)

A robust and reliable image comparison method enables many computer vision applications such as wireless surveillance systems, fingerprint and face recognition. In this paper, we propose an image comparison method that can indicate reliably the similarity and difference between two images. It is constructed by combining an image quality measure and a simple Canny based image comparison metric. Our experiment results show that it is tolerant to random noise, structured noise and invariant to the affine transformation.
Improvement of charge-to-breakdown distribution by fluorine incorporation into thin gate oxides (2003)

This paper reports on the effect of fluorine incorporation on gate-oxide reliability, especially the spatial distribution of charge-to-breakdown (Q/sub BD/). Fluorine atoms were implanted into gate electrodes and introduced into gate-oxide films by annealing. Excess fluorine incorporation increased the oxide thickness and degraded not only the reliability of Si/SiO/sub 2/ interfaces but also dielectric-breakdown immunity. However, it was found, for the first time, that appropriate fluorine incorporation into gate-oxide films could dramatically improve Q/sub BD/-distribution tails in Weibull plots, while maintaining both Si/SiO/sub 2/ interface characteristics and average Q/sub BD/ values. The experimental result for a depth profile of fluorine atoms indicated that fluorine atoms are located dominantly at the two interfaces of the gate-oxide film. In addition, the results of infrared (IR) absorption analysis indicated that the strain of SiO/sub 2/ structures is reduced with increasing fluorine doses. We proposed that both strain release and restructuring of the SiO/sub 2/ network by fluorine incorporation are responsible for improving the Q/sub BD/ of weaker oxide films.
Constitutive NADPH-Dependent Electron Transferase Activity of the Nox4 Dehydrogenase Domain (2010)

NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is constitutively active, while Nox2 requires the cytosolic regulatory subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox) and activated Rac with activation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). This study was undertaken to identify the domain on Nox4 that confers constitutive activity. Lysates from Nox4-expressing cells exhibited constitutive NADPH- but not NADH-dependent hydrogen peroxide production with a K(m) for NADPH of 55 +/- 10 microM. The concentration of Nox4 in cell lysates was estimated using Western blotting and allowed calculation of a turnover of approximately 200 mol of H(2)O(2) min(-1) (mol of Nox4)(-1). A chimeric protein (Nox2/4) consisting of the Nox2 transmembrane (TM) domain and the Nox4 dehydrogenase (DH) domain showed H(2)O(2) production in the absence of cytosolic regulatory subunits. In contrast, chimera Nox4/2, consisting of the Nox4 TM and Nox2 DH domains, exhibited PMA-dependent activation that required coexpression of regulatory subunits. Nox DH domains from several Nox isoforms were purified and evaluated for their electron transferase activities. Nox1 DH, Nox2 DH, and Nox5 DH domains exhibited barely detectable activities toward artificial electron acceptors, while the Nox4 DH domain exhibited significant rates of reduction of cytochrome c (160 min(-1), largely superoxide dismutase-independent), ferricyanide (470 min(-1)), and other electron acceptors (artificial dyes and cytochrome b(5)). Rates were similar to those observed for H(2)O(2) production by the Nox4 holoenzyme in cell lysates. The activity required added FAD and was seen with NADPH but not NADH. These results indicate that the Nox4 DH domain exists in an intrinsically activated state and that electron transfer from NADPH to FAD is likely to be rate-limiting in the NADPH-dependent reduction of oxygen by holo-Nox4.
A 0.1-23-GHz SiGe BiCMOS analog multiplier and mixer based on attenuation-compensation technique (2004)

A SiGe BiCMOS broadband mixer and analog multiplier using LC ladder matching networks and attenuation-compensation method were first proposed. This broadband mixer achieves measured conversion gain of 19 dB with a 3-dB bandwidth from 0.1 to 23 GHz. The mixer was fabricated in a commercial 0.35-/spl mu/m SiGe BiCMOS technology and demonstrated the highest gain-bandwidth product of operation among previously reported MMIC mixers. As an analog multiplier, the measured sensitivity is better than 3000 V/W from 0.1 to 25 GHz with 50-/spl Omega/ output impedance. The chip area is 1.5/spl times/1 mm/sup 2/ including testing pad. The performance of this circuit represents a state-of-the-art result of the MMIC broadband mixers using standard silicon-based technologies.
Speaking and whistling with non-air gases (1993)

Whistling by humans after a deep breath of helium was observed to sound normal, with subsequent speech on the remainder of the breadth sounding strange. Inadvertent correction movements may have occurred, but effort was made not to shift any structures as the gas composition was changed. Large pressure changes do not make it difficult to speak but do somewhat change the sound composition. Human deep divers usually breathe a helium-oxygen mixture, which considerably changes the sound. However, a whistle language would not be ideal for divers. The effects of heavy gas at atmospheric pressure were also studied. An attempt was made to speak after a breath of SF/sub 6/, and the frequency was found to be lowered, the resonance being modified. However, the frequency of whistling did not change. Experiments were also tried with the very heavy gas perfluoropropane, with similar results. The voice took on a low pitch, while whistling was not changed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Visual DSD: a design and analysis tool for DNA strand displacement systems (2011)

The Visual DSD (DNA Strand Displacement) tool allows rapid prototyping and analysis of computational devices implemented using DNA strand displacement, in a convenient web-based graphical interface. It is an implementation of the DSD programming language and compiler described by Lakin et al. (2011) with additional features such as support for polymers of unbounded length. It also supports stochastic and deterministic simulation, construction of continuous-time Markov chains and various export formats which allow models to be analysed using third-party tools.
Flight Dynamics of the Boomerang, Part 1: Fundamental Analysis (2004)

Equations of motion for boomerang flight dynamics are presented in strictly nonlinear form and solved numerically for a typical returning boomerang. The solution shows that the motion consists of both long- and short-period oscillations. The long-period oscillation originates from the exchange of potential (altitude) energy with kinetic energy mainly derived from the forward motion and the spinning motion, the latter of which is accelerated by the autorotation when the angle of attack of an apparent disk of blade rotation increases. The short-period oscillation is due to an asymmetry in the aerodynamic moment related to a large reversed-flow region and a stalled region due to high-advance-ratio flight, and a large moment of inertia or a small Lock number that is an order of magnitude smaller than that of a helicopter blade. The return flight is realized by the centripetal component of the aerodynamic force acting on the apparent disk that is tilted inwardly from the described asymmetric moment and the resulting gyro effect of the spinning motion.
224. The synthesis of laminaribiose (3-β-<scp>D</scp>-glucosyl<scp>D</scp>-glucose) and proof of its identity with laminaribiose isolated from laminarin (1952)

P. Bächli and E. G. V. Percival, J. Chem. Soc., 1952, 1243 DOI: 10.1039/JR9520001243
Assortative Mating and Affective Disorders: Psychopathology in Offspring (1988)

Familial aggregation has been frequently observed among probands with depression, anxiety disorders, and alcoholism (Gershon et al. 1976; Goodwin et al. 1973; Crowe et al. 1983). Because of the familial nature of these disorders, offspring of such probands have been identified to be at high risk for developing these illnesses themselves (Tarter 1983). Information regarding such risk has come from several sources: retrospective studies of patients with psychiatric disorders; studies of children whose parents are being treated for these disorders; and longitudinal follow-up studies of children with symptoms of the disorder.
Sequence Selective Recognition of Double Helical RNA Using Nucleobase‐Modified PNA (2012)

The important role that non‐coding RNA plays in cell biology makes it an attractive target for molecular recognition. The surface of an RNA helix is relatively uniform, dominated by negatively charged phosphates and presents little opportunity for the traditional shape selective molecular recognition. We envisioned that a hydrogen bond mediated major groove triple helix formation could provide the most straightforward sequence selective recognition of double helical RNA. Using isothermal titration calorimetry we show that peptide nucleic acids, as short as six nucleobases, bind very strongly (K a > 10 7 ) and sequence selectively to polypurine tract of double helical RNA. The data suggest that the binding mode is a sequence selective triple helix formation. Although RNA does not have long polypurine tracts, it is common to find stretches of seven and more purines interrupted by one or two pyrimidines in microRNAs and ribosomal RNAs. We found that such pyrimidine interruptions in the polypurine tracts of biologically relevant RNAs can be recognized in a sequence specific manner using nucleobase‐modified PNA under physiologically relevant conditions. Our results have implications for development of biochemical probes to study function of non‐coding RNAs and design of novel therapeutic approaches based on sequence selective inhibition of microRNAs. Supported by NIH R01 GM071461
Inset-fed microstrip patch antenna with integrated polycrystalline photovoltaic solar cell (2007)

A novel method of integrating microstrip patch antennas and polycrystalline silicon solar cells for application in autonomous communication systems is presented. The DC and RF functions are intimately linked, by using the silver DC bus bars of the solar cell as the ground plane of the microstrip patch. The performance of the solar antenna is compared with standard microstrip patch. Detailed studies of the effect of the solar cell on the microstrip antenna are then carried out. The effects of solar cell integration, DC loading and variation in incident photon intensity of the silicon layer on the performance of the solar antenna are discussed. The optimum orientation of the silver DC bus bars on the solar cell in order to achieve better antenna gain and radiation performance is also studied in detail. (4 pages)
A high resolution water soluble fullerene molecular resist for electron beam lithography (2008)

Traditionally, many lithography resists have used hazardous, environmentally damaging or flammable chemicals as casting solvent and developer. There is now a strong drive towards processes that are safer and more environmentally friendly. We report nanometre-scale patterning of a fullerene molecular resist film with electron beam lithography, using water as casting solvent and developer. Negative tone behaviour is demonstrated after exposure and development. The sensitivity of this resist to 20 keV electrons is 1.5 × 10(-2) C cm(-2). Arrays of lines with a width of 30-35 nm and pitches of 200 and 400 nm, and arrays of dots with a diameter of 40 nm and a pitch of 200 nm have been patterned at 30 keV. The etch durability of this resist was found to be ∼2 times that of a standard novolac based resist. Initial results of the chemical amplification of this material for enhanced sensitivity are also presented.
Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in Lungs and Airways (2003)

We earlier showed that the ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) induces excitotoxic pulmonary edema, and that endogenous activation of NMDA receptors (NMDAR) could mediate lung injury caused by oxidative stress. In this study, we searched for evidence of NMDAR expression in the rat lung and in the alveolar macrophage (AM) cell line NR8383, and for possible regulation of receptor expression by NMDA. The presence of mRNA for NMDAR 1 and the four known NMDAR 2 subtypes (A, B, C, and D) was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using isoform-specific primers. NMDAR 1 was expressed in all lung regions examined (peripheral, midlung, and mainstem), as well as in trachea and the AMs. Expression of NMDAR 2A and 2B subtypes was not detected, whereas NMDAR 2C was present only in peripheral and mid-lung samples. NMDAR 2D was the dominant subtype expressed in the peripheral, gas-exchange zone of lung and in alveolar macrophages, and this expression was upregulated in lungs treated with NMDA. Western blot confirmed the presence of NMDAR 1 protein in all lung regions and in AMs. These findings provide a molecular-biological basis for the excitotoxic actions of glutamate in rat lungs and airways, and raise the question of a possible physiologic role for NMDAR in lung and airway function.
Ion spectrometric detection technologies for ultra‐traces of explosives: A review (2011)

In recent years, explosive materials have been widely employed for various military applications and civilian conflicts; their use for hostile purposes has increased considerably. The detection of different kind of explosive agents has become crucially important for protection of human lives, infrastructures, and properties. Moreover, both the environmental aspects such as the risk of soil and water contamination and health risks related to the release of explosive particles need to be taken into account. For these reasons, there is a growing need to develop analyzing methods which are faster and more sensitive for detecting explosives. The detection techniques of the explosive materials should ideally serve fast real-time analysis in high accuracy and resolution from a minimal quantity of explosive without involving complicated sample preparation. The performance of the in-field analysis of extremely hazardous material has to be user-friendly and safe for operators. The two closely related ion spectrometric methods used in explosive analyses include mass spectrometry (MS) and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). The four requirements-speed, selectivity, sensitivity, and sampling-are fulfilled with both of these methods.
Anticonvulsant Properties of Calcium Channel Blockers in Mice: <i>N</i>‐Methyl‐D‐, L‐Aspartate‐ and Bay K 8644‐Induced Convulsions are Potently Blocked by the Dihydropyridines (1993)

Ten calcium channel blockers were evaluated in mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration for prevention of seizures induced by various convulsants. The dihydropyridines (class II calcium antagonists, i.e., nisoldipine, nitrendipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, and nimodipine) selectively prevented seizures elicited by administration of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), N-methyl-D,L-aspartate (NMDLA) and the dihydropyridine calcium channel agonist BAY K 8644. With regard to prevention of NMDLA-induced seizures and the subsequent mortality, these compounds were similar in potency to the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK801. Unlike MK801 (IC50 = 0.014 microM), the dihydropyridines did not inhibit in vitro binding of MK801 to synaptic membrane fractions prepared from rat cerebrohippocampal tissue. The dihydropyridines did not influence seizures elicited by maximal electroshock (MES). Flunarizine (diphenyl-alkylamine, class IV) was selectively active in the MES test, considerably less potent against NMDLA-induced convulsions/mortality, exhibited weak noncompetitive NMDA antagonism in vitro (IC50 = 28 microM), and was inactive in the PTZ and BAY K 8644 testing paradigms. Diltiazem, a class III benzothiazepine, possessed relatively weak broad spectra of activity against MES, PTZ, NMDLA, and BAY K 8644 test situations. It was inactive in vitro as a noncompetitive NMDA antagonist. The class I compound verapamil (phenylalkylamine) displayed only moderate inhibition of NMDLA-evoked seizures/mortality. Prenylamine (class V) was moderately active against convulsions produced by MES and NMDLA while retaining a degree (IC50 = 16 microM) of noncompetitive NMDA antagonism. Lidoflazine (class VI) was inactive in all tests. The Ca2+ channel blockers and MK801 were inconsistent in their ability to prevent bicuculline (BIC)-elicited convulsions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mechanism of Gas Generation in Lithium Ion Batteries by Overdischarge (2015)

We found that over-discharging (ODC) LiMn 2 O 4 -based lithium ion batteries (LIBs) generates H 2 gas. To investigate the origin of the H 2 gas, we performed isotope-labeling of the electrolyte in addition to physical and chemical analyses. ODC proved to destroy SEI films on the anode surface. Also, the volume of the ODC-induced gas increased with charge/discharge cycles, which we attribute to a thicker SEI with H atoms after the cycles. Our isotope-labeling experiment shows that the H 2 is not derived from the electrolytes; rather, H-impurities in the cathode active material seem to be the H 2 source.