gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Instrument for the studies of differential flow dichroism of polymer solutions (1964)

Abstract A concentric cylinder apparatus for the studies of flow dichroism in polymer solutions is described in detail. The outer and inner cylinders are both made of fused quartz which is transparent in visible and ultraviolet region down to 220 mμ. The velocity gradient is produced in solution in the gap between the cylinders by rotating the inner one. The light path is designed to be perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the quartz cylinder. A differential device makes it possible to measure the difference in absorption coefficients, ε‖ and ε⊥, which are the absorption coefficients measured by plane‐polarized light having parallel and perpendicular electric vector with the stream line. The apparatus is found to be useful for studying the regularity of orientation of chromophores in both synthetic and biological polymer chains.
Psychedelic Therapy Utilizing LSD in the Treatment of the Alcoholic Patient: A Preliminary Report (1967)

The rationale of psychedelic therapy with alcoholic patients is focused on the alienation-breaking potential of "peak" or psychedelic experiences induced with the aid of LSD. An exemplary LSD session report and MMPI data on 69 pilot patients are presented for illustration. While all present results indicate that psychedelic therapy does add significantly to presently available alcoholic rehabilitation resources, it is emphasized that safe and effective use of LSD requires specialized training.
Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Antagonists and Agonists for Human Oxytocin and Vasopressin V<sub>1</sub><sub>a</sub>Receptors (2002)

The fluoresceinyl (Flu) group has been linked by an amide bond to the side chain amino group at position 8 of (a) two oxytocin (OT) antagonists, to give d(CH(2))(5)[Tyr(Me)(2),Thr(4),Orn(8)(5/6C-Flu),Tyr-NH(2)(9)]VT (Orn(8)(5/6C-Flu)OTA) (1) and desGly-NH(2),d(CH(2))(5)[D- Tyr(2),Thr(4),Orn(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (2), and (b) eight Lys(8) and Orn(8) analogues of potent OT agonists, to give d[Lys(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (3), d[Thr(4),Lys(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (4), [HO(1)][Lys(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (5), [HO(1)][Thr(4),Lys(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (6), d[Orn(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (7), d[Thr(4),Orn(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (8), [HO(1)][Orn(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (9), and [HO(1)][Thr(4),Orn(8)(5/6C-Flu)]VT (10). The tetramethylrhodamyl (Rhm) group was attached to the precursor peptide of 9 to give [HO(1)][Orn(8)(5/6C-Rhm)]VT (11). All 11 fluorescent peptides were evaluated in human OT and vasopressin V(1a) (vasoconstrictor), V(1b) (pituitary), and V(2) (antidiuretic) receptor binding and functional assays. With K(d) = 6.24, 217, >10000, and >10000 nM for the OT, V(1a), V(1b), and V(2) receptors, peptide 1 is a potent and selective fluorescent OT antagonist and may be useful for specifically labeling OT receptors while peptide 2 exhibits low affinities for all the receptors. The fluorescent peptides 3-10 are all very potent agonists for the human OT receptor. They exhibit the following K(d) values (nM) for the human OT, V(1a), V(1b), and V(2) receptors, respectively: (3) 0.29, 57, 124, >10000; (4) 1.8, 25.5, 150, >10000; (5) 0.34, 13.7, 66, nd (not determined); (6) 0.32, 17.3, 53, >10000; (7) 0.25, 107, 393, >10000; (8) 0.40, 30, 282, >10000; (9) 0.18, 12.2, 126, nd; (10) 0.17, 11.8, 87, >1000; (11) 0.092, 7.36, nd, nd. Peptide 7 exhibits both a high affinity and a high selectivity for human OT receptors. Peptides 7 and 11 were utilized to study the internalization of the OT receptor-ligand complex. Preliminary studies indicate that this process is similar to that observed for the vasopressin V(1a) receptor and differs from that observed for vasopressin V(2) receptors. Some or all of the fluorescent OT antagonists and agonists reported here are very promising new fluorescent ligands for labeling cells which express the human OT receptor and are also useful tools to follow endocytosis of the receptor-ligand complex.
Condition monitoring opportunities using vehicle-based sensors (2010)

Recent increases in railway patronage worldwide have created pressure on rolling stock and railway infrastructure through the demand to improve the capacity and punctuality of the whole system, and this demand must also be balanced with reducing life-cycle costs. Condition monitoring is seen as a significant contributor in achieving this. The emphasis of this article is on the use of sensors mounted on rolling stock to monitor the condition of infrastructure and the rolling stock itself. This is set in the context of modern rolling stock being fitted with high-capacity\ncommunication buses and multiple sensors, resulting in the potential for advanced processing of collected data. This article brings together linked research that uses a similar set of rolling stock sensors, and discusses: general usage and benefits, a track defect detection method, running gear\ncondition monitoring, and absolute train speed detection.
Corneal donation in A&E (2001)

Corneal grafting restores sight to individuals with corneal damage. Corneal donations have decreased recently from 4419 in 1996 to 3346 in 1998. Patients pronounced dead in A&E departments are potential donors of corneas for 24 hours, but this resource is underused. In the year before this study only one pair of corneas, one of 106 deaths (0.9 per cent), was donated in the researchers’department.
Diffractive optics: from basic research to practical applications (1998)

A diffractive optical element is an optical device that utilizes interference and diffraction rather than refraction or reflection, to shape an emerging wavefront. In this talk we will concentrate on the image-forming capabilities of diffractive optics.
Analysis of leakage currents in 1.3-µm InGaAsP real-index-guided lasers (1984)

We describe leakage current calculation in several real-index-guided laser structures using an electrical equivalent circuit model. The structures analyzed are different types of buried heterostructures in which heterojunctions are used for lateral carrier confinements. The device types are: 1) the etched-mesa buried heterostructure (EMBH); 2) the channeled-substrate buried heterostructure (CSBH); 3) the double-channel planar buried heterostructure (DCPBH); 4) the planar buried heterostructure (PBH); and 5) the buried crescent (BC). Adequate current confinement is necessary in a laser structure for both linearity and low threshold operation. Thus leakage current, i.e., the difference between the injected current and the current through the active region, should be small. We have identified the main leakage paths in these structures and the parameters (the relevant layer thicknesses and doping levels) that determine the magnitude of the leakage current. The effect of nonradiative recombination sites on junction parameters and the consequent increase in leakage current is discussed.
Broadband adaptive beamforming: A design using 2-D spatial filters (2002)

The use of spatial filters in the blocking matrix of broadband generalized sidelobe cancellers is considered. A two-dimensional spatial filter is devised to prevent the target signal from reaching the cancelling adaptive filters. Examples are given where a novel design method has been used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Glutamine supplementation in serious illness: A systematic review of the evidence* (2002)

In surgical patients, glutamine supplementation may be associated with a reduction in infectious complication rates and shorter hospital stay without any adverse effect on mortality. In critically ill patients, glutamine supplementation may be associated with a reduction in complication and mortality rates. The greatest benefit was observed in patients receiving high-dose, parenteral glutamine.
Air broadened linewidths, intensities, and spectral line shapes for CO_2 at 43 μm in the region of the AMTS instrument (1986)

The absolute intensities and air-broadening coefficients, together with their temperature dependence have been determined for a series of very high-J R lines in the ν3 band of CO2 located in the spectral region of some Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) channels. These channels are located in the transmission microwindows limited by these lines. The temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient in these microwindows has been measured for N2 and O2 broadening. It has been clearly demonstrated that a correcting shape factor χ(σ) independent of T cannot provide a good agreement between observed and calculated absorption in the range 193 K ⩽ T ⩽ 300 K for the spectral region of the AMTS channels.
Cure and physical properties of thermoplastic modified epoxy resins based on polyethersulfone (1995)

Abstract Dielectric, mechanical, thermal, rheological, and electron microscopy measurements are reported for five series of thermoplastic modified amine cured epoxy resin systems. The epoxy and thermoplastic components have been systematically changed to investigate the factors affecting the phase separation process. Data reported cover both changes in the physical properties occurring during cure and also of the final cured matrix. Dielectric data obtained from fully cured materials exhibits a Maxwell–Wagner–Sillers relaxation process characteristic of a phase separated morphology. Correlation of dielectric relaxation and electron microscopy data indicates that the phase structure changes with the thermoplastic content and composition of the epoxy phase. The mechanical properties change significantly at about 20–25% (w/w) of incorporated thermoplastic, coincident with the formation of a cocontinuous phase morphology. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Magnetic Properties of Sr System W-Type Ferrites. (2000)

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of Mg-organic-compound as a new reducing agent, and that of SiO2 and CaO additives, on the magnetic and physical properties of SrFe2-W type hexagonal ferrite. It was found that the magnetic properties of SrO·9.0Fe2O3 were considerably improved by adding 0.2 wt% Mg-organic-compound, 0.3 wt% SiO2, and 0.75 wt% CaO together. The optimum conditions for making magnets and some properties of typical specimens are as follows. Chemical analysis composition: Sr2+0.94Si4+0.093Ca2+0.188Mg2+0.001Fe2+1.368 Fe3+15.812O27; semisintering conditions: 1350°C×3.0h in nitrogen gas atmosphere; drying treatment condition: 200 °C×5.0 h in air; sintering condition: 1150°C×1.5 h in nitrogen gas atmosphere. Magnetic and physical properties are Jm=0.475 (1), Jr=0.437 (1), HcJ=203.88 (kA/m), HcB=177.46 (kA/m), (BH)max =34.22 (kJ/m3), Tc=503.8 (°C), HA= 1432.40(kA/m), KA=3.40×105J/m3, and nB=31.0μB, a=5.884(×10-10m), c=32.834 (×10-10m), and c/a=5.580.
Optimized Score Transformation for Fair Classification (2019)

This paper considers fair probabilistic classification where the outputs of primary interest are predicted probabilities, commonly referred to as scores. We formulate the problem of transforming scores to satisfy fairness constraints that are linear in conditional means of scores while minimizing the loss in utility. The formulation can be applied either to post-process classifier outputs or to pre-process training data, thus allowing maximum freedom in selecting a classification algorithm. We derive a closed-form expression for the optimal transformed scores and a convex optimization problem for the transformation parameters. In the population limit, the transformed score function is the fairness-constrained minimizer of cross-entropy with respect to the optimal unconstrained scores. In the finite sample setting, we propose to approach this solution using a combination of standard probabilistic classifiers and ADMM. The transformation parameters obtained from the finite-sample procedure are shown to be asymptotically optimal. Comprehensive experiments comparing to 10 existing methods show that the proposed FairScoreTransformer has advantages for score-based metrics such as Brier score and AUC while remaining competitive for binary label-based metrics such as accuracy.
Determination of the optimum viewing distance for a multi-view auto-stereoscopic 3D display (2014)

We present methodologies for determining the optimum viewing distance (OVD) for a multi-view auto-stereoscopic 3D display system with a parallax barrier. The OVD can be efficiently determined as the viewing distance where statistical deviation of centers of quasi-linear distributions of illuminance at central viewing zones is minimized using local areas of a display panel. This method can offer reduced computation time because it does not use the entire area of the display panel during a simulation, but still secures considerable accuracy. The method is verified in experiments, showing its applicability for efficient optical characterization.
Artificial SrTiO<sub>3</sub>/SrO Superlattices by Pulsed Laser Deposition (1999)

Artificial SrTiO 3 /SrO superlattice thin films epitaxially grown on SrTiO 3 substrates were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. The artificial superlattices were designed and fabricated by introducing a Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) layer periodically. The intensity of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) patterns during the growth of the superlattices increased at the deposition of SrTiO 3 layers and decreased at the deposition of the SrO monolayer, alternately. The gradual intensity decrease of RHEED reflection during SrO layer deposition is attributable to the island growth of SrO. The different type of RP layers normal to the film surface, observed in a high-temperature deposited superlattice, may originate from the higher diffusion condition and island growth of SrO.
Engineering a Cell-Free Murein Biosynthetic Pathway:  Combinatorial Enzymology in Drug Discovery (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEngineering a Cell-Free Murein Biosynthetic Pathway: Combinatorial Enzymology in Drug DiscoveryKenny K. Wong, David W. Kuo, Renee M. Chabin, Carole Fournier, Laura D. Gegnas, Sherman T. Waddell, Frank Marsilio, Barbara Leiting, and David L. PomplianoView Author Information Departments of Biochemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000 Rahway, New Jersey 07065-0900 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 51, 13527–13528Publication Date (Web):December 10, 1998Publication History Received29 September 1998Published online10 December 1998Published inissue 1 December 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja983468zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja983468zrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views315Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antimicrobial agents,Assays,Drug discovery,Inhibitors,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Immune reaction against the cytoskeleton in coeliac disease (2000)

Apart from the immune reaction against the extracellular matrix, we have described an immune reaction against the cytoskeleton in both children and adults with CD. As AAA are strongly associated with more severe degrees of villous atrophy, they may represent a useful serological marker of severe intestinal atrophy in CD.
Unsupervised Representation Learning for Gaze Estimation (2019)

Although automatic gaze estimation is very important to a large variety of application areas, it is difficult to train accurate and robust gaze models, in great part due to the difficulty in collecting large and diverse data (annotating 3D gaze is expensive and existing datasets use different setups). To address this issue, our main contribution in this paper is to propose an effective approach to learn a low dimensional gaze representation without gaze annotations, which to the best of our best knowledge, is the first work to do so. The main idea is to rely on a gaze redirection network and use the gaze representation difference of the input and target images (of the redirection network) as the redirection variable. A redirection loss in image domain allows the joint training of both the redirection network and the gaze representation network. In addition, we propose a warping field regularization which not only provides an explicit physical meaning to the gaze representations but also avoids redirection distortions. Promising results on few-shot gaze estimation (competitive results can be achieved with as few as <= 100 calibration samples), cross-dataset gaze estimation, gaze network pretraining, and another task (head pose estimation) demonstrate the validity of our framework.
Cell Cycle Analysis of E2F in Primary Human T Cells Reveals Novel E2F Complexes and Biochemically Distinct Forms of Free E2F (1993)

The transcription factor E2F activates the expression of multiple genes involved in cell proliferation, such as c-myc and the dihydrofolate reductase gene. Regulation of E2F involves its interactions with other cellular proteins, including the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), the Rb-related protein p107, cyclin A, and cdk2. We undertook a detailed analysis of E2F DNA-binding activities and their cell cycle behavior in primary human T cells. Three E2F DNA-binding activities were identified in resting (G0) T cells with mobilities in gel shift assays distinct from those of previously defined E2F complexes. One of these activities was found to be a novel, less abundant, Rb-E2F complex. The most prominent E2F activity in resting T cells (termed complex X) was abundant in both G0 and G1 but disappeared as cells entered S phase, suggesting a possible role in negatively regulating E2F function. Complex X could be dissociated by adenovirus E1A with a requirement for an intact E1A conserved region 2. However, X failed to react with a variety of antibodies against Rb or p107, implicating the involvement of an E1A-binding protein other than Rb or p107. In addition to these novel E2F complexes, three distinct forms of unbound (free) E2F were resolved in gel shift experiments. These species showed different cell cycle kinetics. UV cross-linking experiments suggested that a distinct E2F DNA-binding protein is uniquely associated with the S-phase p107 complex and is not associated with Rb. Together, these results suggest that E2F consists of multiple, biochemically distinct DNA-binding proteins which function at different points in the cell cycle.
Intelligent Control for Electrical Power Generation Systems (1997)

Abstract Deregulation of electric power, introduction of independent power producers and increase competition have introduce new challengers to the utility industry. The ability to project short term demands and be able to respond to highly varying loads with high power quality are essential elements of a reliable and secure power system. This paper presents a new approach to the automatic generation control that combines advanced in neural networks, control theory, and electric power systems.
Mental Health Policy and Practice Helen Lester and JonGlasby Mental Health Policy and Practice Publisher:PalgraveEdition: First No of pages:280Price: £18.9914039354321403935432 (2007)

This is a truly excellent book. You know, I never thought I would say this about a book with the word ‘policy’ in the title, but it happens to be true.
Characterization of Epicardial-Derived Cardiac Interstitial Cells: Differentiation and Mobilization of Heart Fibroblast Progenitors (2013)

The non-muscular cells that populate the space found between cardiomyocyte fibers are known as 'cardiac interstitial cells' (CICs). CICs are heterogeneous in nature and include different cardiac progenitor/stem cells, cardiac fibroblasts and other cell types. Upon heart damage CICs soon respond by initiating a reparative response that transforms with time into extensive fibrosis and heart failure. Despite the biomedical relevance of CICs, controversy remains on the ontogenetic relationship existing between the different cell kinds homing at the cardiac interstitium, as well as on the molecular signals that regulate their differentiation, maturation, mutual interaction and role in adult cardiac homeostasis and disease. Our work focuses on the analysis of epicardial-derived cells, the first cell type that colonizes the cardiac interstitium. We present here a characterization and an experimental analysis of the differentiation potential and mobilization properties of a new cell line derived from mouse embryonic epicardium (EPIC). Our results indicate that these cells express some markers associated with cardiovascular stemness and retain part of the multipotent properties of embryonic epicardial derivatives, spontaneously differentiating into smooth muscle, and fibroblast/myofibroblast-like cells. Epicardium-derived cells are also shown to initiate a characteristic response to different growth factors, to display a characteristic proteolytic expression profile and to degrade biological matrices in 3D in vitro assays. Taken together, these data indicate that EPICs are relevant to the analysis of epicardial-derived CICs, and are a god model for the research on cardiac fibroblasts and the role these cells play in ventricular remodeling in both ischemic or non/ischemic myocardial disease.
Products Produced from Organic Waste Using Managed Ecosystem Fermentation (2015)

Biomass is the only renewable source of organic chemicals available. The Managed Ecosystem Fermentation process biologically converts organic waste into high value industrial chemicals over night. MEF modifies and regulates a process that has worked in nature for millions of years to extract valuable basic chemicals that are used in industry today, thereby converting the handling of waste from an expense to a source of revenue. MEF is the only known process that can convert cellulose into protein. Unlike most processes that produce a single product, the MEF produces a portfolio of products. MEF produces a portfolio of products ranging from enzymes, proteins and multiple long and short chain fatty acids. The MEF process is based on the microbial ecosystem in a ruminant animal. It is a multispecies process involving over 3,000 species of microbes simultaneously. It works because a multispecies system has more chemical pathways to breakdown the organic matter than a single species.
Pain in ovarian cancer patients. Prevalence, characteristics, and associated symptoms (1994)

Among those with ovarian cancer, greater than 40% experienced pain that substantially undetermined function in one half to two thirds of these patients. Impaired performance status is associated most strongly with pain. The onset or recurrence of disease often is heralded by a stereotypic pain syndrome.
Total Synthesis of (−)-Xyloketal A (2006)

[reaction: see text] The first total synthesis of the C(3)-symmetric and biologically active natural product, (-)-xyloketal A, has been accomplished in one step from phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) and (4R)-3-hydroxymethyl-2,4-dimethyl-4,5-dihydrofuran. This remarkably direct process involved an exceedingly facile and diastereoselective boron trifluoride diethyl etherate-promoted triple electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction that was coupled to three bicyclic acetal formation reactions.