gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
First results of a clinical study with 3D ultrasound computer tomography (2013)

The KIT 3D USCT was tested in a pilot study on ten patients. The primary goals of the pilot study were to test the USCT device, the data acquisition protocols, the image reconstruction methods and the image fusion techniques in a clinical environment. The study was conducted successfully; the data acquisition could be carried out for all patients with an average imaging time of six minutes per breast. First reconstructions provide promising images. Overlaid volumes of the modalities show qualitative and quantitative information at a glance. The results led to further optimization of the system and the data acquisition protocol.
Concentric Ring-Shaped Defected Ground Structures for Microstrip Applications (2006)

A new defected ground structure (DGS) consisting of concentric circular rings in different configurations is experimentally studied to examine the stopband characteristics. Unlike previous DGS designs, a metallic shielding is introduced at the back of the DGS to suppress any leakage or radiation, and this would be advantageous for microwave circuit applications. A wide stopband is demonstrated with a set of prototypes designed for X-band. Its application to suppressing mutual coupling in microstrip patch arrays is demonstrated.
Site-specific degradation of<i>Streptomyces lividans</i>DNA during electrophoresis in buffers contaminated with ferrous iron (1988)

Streptomyces lividans DNA contains a modification which makes it susceptible to double-strand cleavage during electrophoresis in buffers contaminated with ferrous iron (which may be present in some batches of EDTA). The cleavage of the DNA is site-specific and the average fragment size resulting from limit digestion of total S. lividans DNA is about 6kb. DNA from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and several other Streptomyces strains, and from E. coli, is not cleaved under the same conditions. A S. lividans mutant has been isolated which lacks the DNA modification. We suspect that many reports of "poor" preparations of S. lividans plasmids may be due to the above effect.
A design approach to mitigate the phase distortion in GaN MMIC Doherty Power Amplifiers (2016)

A Gallium Nitride (GaN) Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) Doherty Power Amplifier (DPA) for 7 GHz microwave backhaul radio links is presented. The MMIC is based on a novel design approach that allows for a drastic reduction of the phase distortion (AM/PM) without worsening other key features, such as efficiency and gain. In the proposed architecture, a nonlinear driver stage is introduced in both Carrier and Peaking branches, with the aim to actualize a phase distortion compensation mechanism directly at MMIC level, thus heavily mitigating the linearity issues at system level. In addition, the power consumption of the driver stages has been minimized by adopting an uneven drain bias voltage. The design has been carried out on a commercial 0.25 μm GaN power process, resulting in an overall chip area of 3×3mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The MMIC shows 38 dBm of saturated output power, 16 dB of gain, and less than 3° of phase distortion at 7 GHz. The power added efficiency is higher than 47% in 7 dB of output power back off.
Mixed content image compression by gradient field integration (2008)

Sketch based image coding decomposes an input image into a piece-wise smooth approximation image and a residual image. Image compression by gradient field integration follows this model, but differs by generating the approximation image from gradient data along edge contours and regularly sampled low resolution image data. This allows direct and efficient calculation of an approximation image which is smooth between edges. In this paper, we describe the image compression by gradient field integration approach, together with a low complexity implementation intended for near visually lossless compression of mixed content images. The implementation uses gradient field integration by scanline convolution, simple edge data extraction, DCT residual image coding and is block-based; it is suited to compression of images containing sharp edges occurring along pixel borders. Compression results are provided indicating potential gains from this method.
GaAs-Based Quantum Dot Emitters for Telecomms and Broadband Applications (2011)

This thesis details InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QD) as light emitting media for gallium arsenide (GaAs) based bilayer laser devices for optical communication and dot-in-well (DWELL) superluminescent devices for broadband applications.\nThe first three experimental chapters detail particular properties of QD bilayers, where the strain interactions between two closely stacked QD layers are engineered for the sole aim of extending the emission wavelength of QDs towards the 1550 nm of the telecom window. In view of this, the first experimental chapter compares laser devices utilising single QD layers with 5x InGaAs cap layers, 5x bilayer QDs with GaAs cap layers, in order to highlight the significantly better performance of bilayer laser devices in achieving long wavelength emission. \nIn the second experimental chapter, further optimization of the growth parameters of InGaAs capped sample is explored. Room-temperature ground-state lasing at 1420 nm and electroluminescence at 1515 nm are observed and discussed. Under high-bias conditions, asymmetric broadening of peaks in the laser gain spectra are observed, extending positive net modal gain from the devices to beyond 1500 nm. The origin of this broadening is discussed. \nIn the third experimental chapter, bilayer QD lasers operating in the excited state at wavelengths that span the O-band are demonstrated. An increase in K-factor limited modulation bandwidth from QD lasers operating in the excited state is predicted. This is due to a reduction in carrier transport and scattering times whilst maintaining high peak modal gain.\nIn the last experimental chapter, a comparison of growth conditions, photoluminescence measurements, atomic force microscopy measurements and device characteristics affecting 1200-1300 nm DWELL structures with a view to their optimization for broadband applications are explained. \n
Toxicities of Selected Chemicals and Combinations Thereof to Pyrethroid Resistant Horn Flies, 1986 (1988)

Abstract Five chemicals were tested singly and in combination against known resistant field-collected horn flies to evaluate their potential efficacy against resistant horn flies. The treated filter paper technique of Sheppard and Hinkle was used in which the chemicals were dissolved in acetone and diluted to produce the desired ranges of concentrations when pipetted onto filter paper. Flies were subsequently exposed to the dried residues while confined in plastic petri dishes and mortality was assessed at 2 h. Ca. 30-40 flies were used per rate per replication. Dosage-mortality regression lines were calculated using Daum’s program for probit analysis and resultant LC50 values were ranked within replicates and weighted. The combined weighted LC30 values were then used to rank the chemicals and combinations for efficacy. As horn fly populations with varying levels of resistance were used for the various replications, it would be inappropriate to compute mean LC30 values.
Neurons that subserve the sensory-discriminative aspects of pain (1977)

Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. 20014, U.S.A. Accepted January 26, 1977.
SOCS-1 Protein Prevents Janus Kinase/STAT-dependent Inhibition of β Cell Insulin Gene Transcription and Secretion in Response to Interferon-γ (2001)

In the pathogenesis of type I diabetes mellitus, activated leukocytes infiltrate pancreatic islets and induce beta cell dysfunction and destruction. Interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1 beta play important, although not completely defined, roles in these mechanisms. Here, using the highly differentiated beta Tc-Tet insulin-secreting cell line, we showed that IFN-gamma dose- and time-dependently suppressed insulin synthesis and glucose-stimulated secretion. As described previously IFN-gamma, in combination with IL-1 beta, also induces inducible NO synthase expression and apoptosis (Dupraz, P., Cottet, S., Hamburger, F., Dolci, W., Felley-Bosco, E., and Thorens, B. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 37672--37678). To assess the role of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in IFN-gamma intracellular signaling, we stably overexpressed SOCS-1 (suppressor of cytokine signaling-1) in the beta cell line. We demonstrated that SOCS-1 suppressed cytokine-induced STAT-1 phosphorylation and increased cellular accumulation. This was accompanied by a suppression of the effect of IFN-gamma on: (i) reduction in insulin promoter-luciferase reporter gene transcription, (ii) decrease in insulin mRNA and peptide content, and (iii) suppression of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Furthermore, SOCS-1 also suppressed the cellular effects that require the combined presence of IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma: induction of nitric oxide production and apoptosis. Together our data demonstrate that IFN-gamma is responsible for the cytokine-induced defect in insulin gene expression and secretion and that this effect can be completely blocked by constitutive inhibition of the Janus kinase/STAT pathway.
Vertical resolution in the neutron method for measuring soil moisture (1954)

A source of fast neutrons and a slow neutron detecting device in close proximity have been used to measure the moisture content of soil. The work was done with a 10‐mc Ra‐Be source and a BF3‐filled counter (2.5×30 cm). Rates varied between 16 and 2 counts per second. The vertical extent of the soil layer contributing 95 pet of the measured counting rate varied from 65 cm with very dry material (4.4 pct water by volume) to 45 cm with saturated material (38 pet water by volume). It has been shown possible, by partial shielding of the counting tube with cadmium foil to increase vertical resolution, at expense of counting rate. This procedure is not very effective, however.
Negative and positive ions from CF4 and CF4/O2 rf discharges in etching Si (1993)

The mass spectra of positive ions and negative ions from CF4 and CF4/O2 rf discharges with and without an etching silicon wafer are presented. The positive ion spectra are largely consistent with those obtained by prior investigations and do not exhibit large changes with the addition of silicon to the discharge. Only one silicon containing positive ion was found, SiF3+ at 85 amu. The negative ion spectra changes considerably with the addition of silicon to the discharge indicating that many of the silicon etching products tend to form negative ions rather than positive ions (or neutral species). In particular, the signal from SiF5− at 123 amu is very large, even larger than the signal of F− at 19 amu when silicon is present. (SiOF3−, SiOF4−, and Si2O2F5− can also have large signal intensities.) While atomic and molecular fluorine are difficult to detect in the positive ion spectra, they are both easily found as negative ions. Some of the relationships between the negative ion signals are consistent with the reactions proposed by C. J. Mogab, A. C. Adams, and D. L. Flamm, J. Appl. Phys. 49, 3796 (1978) and G. Smolinsky and D. L. Flamm, J. Appl. Phys. 50, 4982 (1979).
<i>Cuphea</i>: A new plant source of medium‐chain fatty acids (1989)

The plant genus Cuphea (family Lythraceae) promises to provide a new source of industrially and nutritionally important medium-chain fatty acids, especially of lauric acid now supplied exclusively by coconut and palm kernel oils from foreign sources. The seed lipids of Cuphea were first discovered in the 1960s to contain high percentages of several medium-chain fatty acids, including caprylic, capric, lauric, and myristic acid. Research is still in the early stages, but it is intensifying toward the goal of developing the genus into a new temperate climate crop for production of specialty oils. Given the diversity of Cuphea seed lipid composition and the wide ecological and distributional range of the genus, it may be possible to tailor crops to produce selected fatty acids on demand under a variety of growing conditions. Cuphea comprises about 260 species, most native to the New World tropics. Its morphology, classification, chromosome numbers, distribution, ecology, and folk uses are presented. Seed structure is described and seed lipid composition for 73 species is summarized. Problems in domestication and agronomic progress are reviewed. Knowledge of the biosynthetic mechanism controlling the lipids produced by Cuphea remains very limited. Future research in this area, and particularly successful employment of gene transfer techniques, may allow genes controlling the mechanism to be transferred to an already established seed oil producer such as rapeseed. Presently, both traditional plant breeding techniques and newer biotechnological methods are directed toward Cuphea oilseed development.
Adaptive Token Polling MAC Protocol for Wireless Underwater Networks (2009)

The opportunities and applications for a large group of coordinating autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) is exciting and provides greater exploration opportunities than fixed sensor nodes or using a single AUV. The work presented in this paper is the development of a Medium Access Control Protocol for a cluster of small autonomous vehicles working in a centralized network topology. Acoustic communication links are typically used for underwater operations, however are substantially limited by the physics of acoustic propagation which require essentially new scheduling protocols to those being used and developed for packet radio networks. This paper provides a discussion and overview of the essential issues for developing a new MAC protocol for a cluster of closely operating underwater vehicles and presents some performance results for a proposed Adaptive Token Polling Protocol.
Microvesicles (2012)

Clinical and basic studies indicate that microvesicles may be novel markers and mediators of endothelial dysfunction. This work has advanced our understanding of the development of cardiovascular and other diseases. Opportunities and obstacles to clinical applications are discussed.
Accelerated Bone Repair After Plasma Laser Corticotomies (2007)

In summary, these data demonstrate that corticotomies performed with Ti:Sapphire lasers are associated with a reduced initial inflammatory response at the injury site leading to accelerated osteochondroprogenitor cell migration, attachment, differentiation, and eventually matrix deposition.
Derivate des Methylendioxybenzols, 27. Zur Synthese von Dimethoxy‐methylendioxy‐allylbenzolen (1969)

Abstract Die Synthese des 2.3‐Dimethoxy‐4.5‐methylendioxy‐ (Dill‐Apiol) ( 1g ), des 2.5‐Dimethoxy‐3.4‐methylendioxy‐ (Petersilien‐Apiol) ( 3d ), des 4.6‐Dimethoxy‐2.3‐methylendioxy‐ ( 4i ), des 2.6‐Dimethoxy‐3.4‐methylendioxy‐ ( 5i ), des 5.6‐Dimethoxy‐2.3‐methylendioxy‐( 7 ) und des 4.5‐Dimethoxy‐2.3‐methylendioxy‐1‐allyl‐benzols ( 8f ) wird beschrieben.
Numerical and experimental characterization of slow-wave microstrip line on periodic ground plane (2002)

A low loss//spl lambda/ slow-wave microstrip transmission line structure is numerically and experimentally investigated. The structure is based on a microstrip line on periodically etched ground plane. Dependency of the slow-wave factor on lattice dimensions is investigated. The slow-wave factor has also been simulated by the FDTD method as numerical verification of the accuracy of the results. Numerical results reveal that the slow-wave microstrip structure can reduce the attenuation//spl lambda/ by 6/spl times/ compared to conventional planar slow-wave structures.
Methylated C-terminal leucine residue of PP2A catalytic subunit is important for binding of regulatory Bα subunit (1999)

Methylation of the C-terminal leucine residue (Leu309) of protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2AC) is known to regulate catalytic activity in vitro, but the functional consequence(s) of this post-translational modification in the context of the cell remain unclear. Alkali-induced demethylation of PP2AC in purified PP2A heterotrimer (ABalphaC), but not in purified PP2A heterodimer (AC), indicated that a larger fraction of PP2AC is carboxymethylated in ABalphaC than in AC. To explore the role of Leu309 in PP2A holoenzyme assembly, epitope-tagged PP2A catalytic subunit (HA-PP2A) and a mutant of HA-PP2A containing an alanine residue in place of Leu309 (HA-PP2A-L309A) were transiently expressed in COS cells. Both recombinant proteins exhibited serine/threonine phosphatase activity when immunoisolated from COS cell extracts. HA-PP2A, but not HA-PP2A-L309A, was carboxymethylated in vitro. A chromatographic analysis of cell extracts indicated that most endogenous PP2AC and HA-PP2A were co-eluted with the A and Balpha regulatory subunits of PP2A, whereas most HA-PP2A-L309A seemed to elute with the A subunit as a smaller complex or, alternatively, as free catalytic (C) subunit. The A subunit co-immunoisolated with both tagged proteins; however, substantially less Balpha subunit co-immunoisolated with HA-PP2A-L309A than with HA-PP2A. These results demonstrate that the reversibly methylated C-terminal leucine residue of PP2AC is important for Balpha regulatory subunit binding. Furthermore, the results provide evidence for an interrelationship between PP2AC carboxymethylation and PP2A holoenzyme assembly.
ICT Infrastructure and It’s Impact on National Development: A Research Direction for Africa (2017)

Discussions on Development that encompasses how ICTs can make a difference in climate, political, health disturbances and business environment require a multidisciplinary approach which demand contributions from IS community, the private sector, development agencies, practitioner and other academia. This would enable the development community to identify the objectives of technology for empowerment and how they should be achieved in the practice of national development. This study serves as a response to the call for more macro/micro level policy research on the role of ICT on national development. The paper reviews the previous research in this domain and proposes a research direction for macro/micro level impact of ICT on national development on the Africa continent.
Rule 35(b) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure: Balancing the Interests Underlying Sentence Reduction (1983)

35(b). 3. Fed.R. Crim.P. 35(b).The Rule provides:The court may reduce a sentence within 120 days after the sentence is imposed or probation is revoked, or within 120 days after receipt by the court of a mandate issued upon affirmance of the judgment or dismissal of the appeal, or within 120 days after entry of any order or judgment of the Supreme Court denying review of, or having the effect of upholding, a judgment of conviction or probation revocation.Changing a sentence from a sentence of incarceration to a grant of probation shall constitute a permissible reduction of sentence under this subdivision. Id.When addressing the issue of jurisdiction under Rule 35(b), this Note deals with the imposition of sentence as the event which commences the 120-day period.Revocation of probation and receipt by the court of a mandate of affirmance of judgment or dismissal of appeal also commence the time period under the Rule.Id.; see United States v.
Reduced β-cell mass and altered glucose sensing impair insulin-secretory function in βIRKO mice (2004)

Pancreatic beta-cell-restricted knockout of the insulin receptor results in hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, suggesting that this cell is an important target of insulin action. The present studies were undertaken in beta-cell insulin receptor knockout (betaIRKO) mice to define the mechanisms underlying the defect in insulin secretion. On the basis of responses to intraperitoneal glucose, approximately 7-mo-old betaIRKO mice were either diabetic (25%) or normally glucose tolerant (75%). Total insulin content was profoundly reduced in pancreata of mutant mice compared with controls. Both groups also exhibited reduced beta-cell mass and islet number. However, insulin mRNA and protein were similar in islets of diabetic and normoglycemic betaIRKO mice compared with controls. Insulin secretion in response to insulin secretagogues from the isolated perfused pancreas was markedly reduced in the diabetic betaIRKOs and to a lesser degree in the nondiabetic betaIRKO group. Pancreatic islets of nondiabetic betaIRKO animals also exhibited defects in glyceraldehyde- and KCl-stimulated insulin release that were milder than in the diabetic animals. Gene expression analysis of islets revealed a modest reduction of GLUT2 and glucokinase gene expression in both the nondiabetic and diabetic mutants. Taken together, these data indicate that loss of functional receptors for insulin in beta-cells leads primarily to profound defects in postnatal beta-cell growth. In addition, altered glucose sensing may also contribute to defective insulin secretion in mutant animals that develop diabetes.
Online Fault-monitoring in Machine Tools Based on Energy Consumption Analysis and Non-invasive Data Acquisition for Improved Resource-efficiency (2016)

Improving the overall equipment effectiveness of machine tools will improve resource-efficiency and productivity in manufacturing. First step to achieve more effectiveness would require sensors for monitoring of machine availability and quality of machining processes. Abnormal machine conditions are characterized by fault-pattern, which can indicate failure and quality losses. Further, machine failure can shorten the remaining useful life of the components and affect the products. Therefore, it is essential to determine a valuable data source which will enable the extraction of fault-pattern and the allocation of these pattern to machining processes. However, this can be challenging due to lack of open source control architecture, different machine types and automation degree, changing operating loads, and dynamic failure rates in a real environment. Retrofit for online analysis of electrical power intake of machine tools seems to satisfy this challenge. A fault-monitoring framework for manufacturing equipment has been proposed in this paper, based on data stream mining techniques for online pattern matching in electrical power data streams. Complex event processing is applied to ensure scalable data processing for large data volumes and automate the reporting in order to assign the fault-patterns to machining processes and products. This concept is introduced as energy-based maintenance and validated for a powertrain machining line in milling and drilling machines.
Optical Microscopy of Fiber-Reinforced Composites (2010)

Optical Microscopy of Fiber-Reinforced Composites discusses the tools and techniques used to examine the microstructure of engineered composites and provides insights that can help improve the quality and performance of parts made from them. It begins with a review of fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites and their unique microstructure and morphology. It then explains how to prepare and mount test samples, how to assess lighting, illumination, and contrast needs, and how to use reagents to bring out different phases and areas of interest. It also presents the results of several studies that have been conducted using optical microscopy to gain a better understanding of processing effects, toughening approaches, defects and damage mechanisms, and structural variations. The book includes more than 180 full-color images along with clear and concise explanations of what they reveal about composite materials and processing methods. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-1-61503-044-6, follow this link.