gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immersive viewing engine (2006)

An immersive viewing engine providing basic telepresence functionality for a variety of application types is presented. Augmented reality, teleoperation and virtual reality applications all benefit from the use of head mounted display devices that present imagery appropriate to the user's head orientation at full frame rates. Our primary application is the viewing of remote environments, as with a camera equipped teleoperated vehicle. The conventional approach where imagery from a narrow field camera onboard the vehicle is presented to the user on a small rectangular screen is contrasted with an immersive viewing system where a cylindrical or spherical format image is received from a panoramic camera on the vehicle, resampled in response to sensed user head orientation and presented via wide field eyewear display, approaching 180 degrees of horizontal field. Of primary interest is the user's enhanced ability to perceive and understand image content, even when image resolution parameters are poor, due to the innate visual integration and 3-D model generation capabilities of the human visual system. A mathematical model for tracking user head position and resampling the panoramic image to attain distortion free viewing of the region appropriate to the user's current head pose is presented and consideration is given to providing the user with stereo viewing generated from depth map information derived using <i>stereo from motion</i> algorithms.
Automatic video description generation via LSTM with joint two-stream encoding (2016)

In this paper, we propose a novel two-stream framework based on combinational deep neural networks. The framework is mainly composed of two components: one is a parallel two-stream encoding component which learns video encoding from multiple sources using 3D convolutional neural networks and the other is a long-short-term-memory (LSTM)-based decoding language model which transfers the input encoded video representations to text descriptions. The merits of our proposed model are: 1) It extracts both temporal and spatial features by exploring the usage of 3D convolutional networks on both raw RGB frames and motion history images. 2) Our model can dynamically tune the weights of different feature channels since the network is trained end-to-end from learning combinational encoding of multiple features to LSTM-based language model. Our model is evaluated on three public video description datasets: one YouTube clips dataset (Microsoft Video Description Corpus) and two large movie description datasets (MPII Corpus and Montreal Video Annotation Dataset) and achieves comparable or better performance than the state-of-the-art approaches in video caption generation.
Auxiliary pattern-based optical proximity correction for better printability, timing, and leakage control (2008)

The <i>Journal of Micro/Nanopatterning, Materials, and Metrology</i> (JM3) publishes peer-reviewed papers on the core enabling technologies that address the patterning needs of the electronics industry.
Approaches to assessing host resistance. (1982)

There is increasing evidence that chronic, subclinical exposure to certain environmental pollutants may upset immune responsiveness and alter susceptibility of animals to infectious agents. Environmental chemicals or drugs may affect diverse aspects of the immune system, leading to immunosuppression, immunopotentiation, hypersensitivity or perturbed innate host resistance. A variety of infectious models is available that involves relatively well defined target organs and host defense mechanisms; for example, infections with encephalomyocarditis virus, Herpesvirus simplex, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli or Plasmodium berghei. Important variables in infectious models used to assess immunotoxicity include species and strain of animal used, their age and sex, the route of exposure, and dose of the chemical. No one infectious model has yet emerged as a routine screening tool to detect and assess the subtle effects that may occur in immune responses when animals are exposed to doses of environmental pollutants that cause no adverse effect at a gross level. The selection of useful test systems is complicated because it is difficult to measure the effects of chronic, subclinical exposure to chemicals and sublethal challenges of microorganisms.
Chemical composition and larvicidal activities of Azolla pinnata extracts against Aedes (Diptera:Culicidae) (2018)

Our findings showed that the crude extract of A. pinnata bioactive molecules are effective and have the potential to be developed as biolarvicides for Aedes mosquito vector control. This study recommends future research on the use of active ingredients isolated from A. pinnata extracts and their evaluation against larvicidal activity of Aedes in small-scale field trials for environmentally safe botanical insecticide invention.
Spot 14 protein interacts and co-operates with chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor 1 in the transcription of the L-type pyruvate kinase gene through a specificity protein 1 (Sp1) binding site (2001)

In hepatocytes, the amount of the Spot 14 (S14) protein is closely related to the full expression of enzymes involved in the glycolytic and lipogenic pathways. In the present study we address the role played by this protein in the control of transcription of the L-type pyruvate kinase (L-PK) gene in primary hepatocytes. We show that human S14, which by itself does not bind to the L-PK promoter, physically interacts with the human chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1) and induces the switch of this factor from a repressor to an activator. However, the enhancing activity of S14 and COUP-TF1 depends on the presence of a proximal GC-rich box (the L0 element) that specifically binds nuclear proteins from the livers of rats fed a glucose-rich diet. Moreover, the L0 element, which strongly binds dephosphorylated specificity protein 1 (Sp1), loses all affinity when this factor is phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Mutations that affect binding of Sp1 and nuclear proteins to the L0 box also decrease basal transcription and impair glucose responsiveness of the promoter. These results therefore shed light on the mechanism by which the S14 protein, whose concentration rapidly rises after glucose intake, contributes to the full activity of the L-PK promoter.
Hierarchically Structured Zeolite Bodies: Assembling Micro‐, Meso‐, and Macroporosity Levels in Complex Materials with Enhanced Properties (2012)

Abstract Engineering levels of porosity in hierarchical zeolites is a vibrant area of research with remarkable application potential. To gain practical relevance, the superior properties observed for the as‐synthesized powders have to be preserved when they are shaped into suitable technical geometries. Herein, mechanically stable millimeter‐sized bodies are prepared by granulation of mesoporous ZSM‐5 zeolite powders using an attapulgite clay binder. Alkaline treatment of conventional zeolite granules is demonstrated to be unsuitable for this purpose. Multiple techniques are applied to characterize mesoporous zeolite granules with respect to their conventional zeolite counterparts, thus establishing the impact of binder inclusion and granulation on their respective properties. The intrinsic structure and acidity of the zeolite are retained post‐structuring. Gas adsorption and mercury porosimetry confirm the presence of interconnected micro‐, meso‐, and macropores. A wide range of imaging techniques permits visualization of the particle properties, phase distribution, and consequent origins of the distinct levels of porosity within the zeolite granules. The superior adsorption properties of the hierarchical ZSM‐5 zeolite granules are demonstrated using cyclohexane, toluene, and isopropyl alcohol as probe molecules.
Alkylperoxyl Radical-Scavenging Activity of Various Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds:  Implications for the Anti-Tumor-Promoter Effect of Vegetables (1998)

We recently reported that alkylperoxyl radical (ROO(*)) enhanced carcinogenesis in rats treated with carcinogen (Sawa et al. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1998, 7, 1007-1012), and the tumor promoting action of ROO(*) could be reduced by addition of hot-water extracts of vegetables (Maeda et al. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 1992, 83, 923-928). Here we described the ROO(*)-scavenging activity of flavonoids and nonflavonoid phenolics and their role in anti-tumor-promoter effects. A model molecular species, ROO(*), was generated from tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) and heme iron, and the scavenging of t-BuOO(*) was determined by (a) bioassay based on the bactericidal action of ROO(*), (b) luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence, and (c) electron spin resonance. Of 17 authentic plant phenolics tested, 9 compounds (including rutin, chlorogenic acid, vanillin, vanillic acid, neohesperidin, gallic acid, shikimic acid, rhamnetin, and kaempferol) showed remarkably high ROO(*)-scavenging activity. Some of them were detected and quantified in hot-water extracts of mung bean sprouts, used as the model vegetable, and their contents increased after germination, which paralleled very well to the ROO(*)-scavenging capacity of the vegetable extracts. Thus, a diet rich in these radical scavengers would reduce the cancer-promoting action of ROO(*). Consequently, the carcinogenic potentials of oxygen-related radicals may be suppressed.
Electrochemical Behavior of Metal-Supported SOFCs Under High Fuel Utilization and Their Durability (2012)

The aim of this project was to study whether the oxidation resistance of cells is affected while working under high fuel utilization. A previous study measured the weak oxidation resistance for very porous samples (measured porosity ∼ 70%) in H2 with high H2O content (over 50%) in the interval from 600 to 800 °C. Thus, additional tests were carried out with cells. Crofer22APU-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were produced by scalable cost competitive routes. One of the highly porous cells (calculated porosity 45%) was run under high fuel utilization conditions (calculated fuel utilization 56%), and a further two in H2-50%H2O. Another cell, with low porosity (calculated porosity 20%), was kept working in the same H2-50%H2O atmosphere for many hours. Durability tests with cells of different porosities confirmed that this is the main variable concerning degradation issues while working under high fuel utilization.
Fluid mechanics and mass transport analysis in stenosed carotid arteries (2002)

The fluid dynamics distal to a stenosis in vivo, and its effect on mass transport of LDL and oxygen were analyzed through a computational simulation. The in vivo carotid artery stenosis was created by denuding the arterial intimal surface in a Yucatan miniswine atheroma model. The animals were then fed high cholesterol diet. After 8 weeks, images of the atheroma forming arterial segments were obtained using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and reconstructed into a three-dimensional mesh. The computational model included unsteady flow analysis with time varying inflow velocity and with the measured distensibility specified as boundary conditions, as well as LDL and oxygen transport analysis. The results indicated flow separation and reattachment distal to the stenosis. Mean wall shear stress was the highest at the stenosis throat and became negative at the flow re-circulation zone. In the high wall shear stress regions LDL accumulation was reduced while oxygen transport was increased. In the low wall shear regions, the reduced arterial flows enhanced LDL accumulation but at the same time decreased the oxygen concentration. The analysis indicated that regions distal to the stenosis with oxygen deprivation and enhanced LDL accumulation in low wall shear regions may result in further growth of atheroma.
Darwinolide, a New Diterpene Scaffold That Inhibits Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Biofilm from the Antarctic Sponge <i>Dendrilla membranosa</i> (2016)

A new rearranged spongian diterpene, darwinolide, has been isolated from the Antarctic Dendroceratid sponge Dendrilla membranosa. Characterized on the basis of spectroscopic and crystallographic analysis, the central seven-membered ring is hypothesized to originate from a ring-expansion of a spongian precursor. Darwinolide displays 4-fold selectivity against the biofilm phase of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus compared to the planktonic phase and may provide a scaffold for the development of therapeutics for this difficult to treat infection.
Charge Amplification without Charge Leak Resistor (1970)

Charge amplification without the conventional charge leak resistor is considered. It is shown that any charge leak mechanism based on continuous conduction current would contribute noise. Pulsed conduction of current from the amplifier input avoids this problem. A method for pulsed removal of charge is proposed here, based on charge pumping via the detector capacitance and the gate-channel junction of the input field-effect transistor. In this configuration the detector is the only component connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and these two are the only components required to be in the cryostat. The detector capacitance serves also as feedback capacitance.
THE CONSTITUTION OF ACETYLACETONE-UREA. (1914)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE CONSTITUTION OF ACETYLACETONE-UREA.William J. HaleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1914, 36, 1, 104–115Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1914Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1914https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02178a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02178a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<sup>13</sup>C‐ and <sup>1</sup>H‐NMR. Assignments for colchicine derivatives (1980)

Abstract The 13 C‐NMR. spectra of a number of colchicine derivatives are given comprising examples of the normal series ( 4→10 ), iso series ( 11→16 ) and colchicine series ( 17 ), which were either reported in the literature or obtained by partial synthesis or degradation reactions. The 13 C‐NMR. assignments were made by comparisons with known compounds and selective single‐frequency offresonance decoupling experiments. Selective proton decoupling experiments have also allowed assignments of the H —C(11) and H —C(12) protons of the iso and colchicine series.
Anticellular and Antitumor Activity of Duocarmycins, Novel Antitumor Antibiotics (1992)

The anticellular and antitumor activities of novel antitumor antibiotics, duocarmycins (DUMs), were examined against human and murine tumor cells. DUMs consist of live compounds, A, B 1 , B 2 , C 1 , and C 2 , which possess a pharmacophore similar to that of CC‐1065, a previously isolated antibiotic. Among them, DUMA exhibited ultrapotent growth‐inhibitory activity with an IC 50 value of 6 p M against human uterine cervix carcinoma HeLa S 3 cells. DUMA and DUMB1 also inhibited the growth of adriamycin (ADM)‐resistant lines of human nasopharynx carcinoma KB cells and breast carcinoma MCF‐7 cells as well as their sensitive lines. DUMs inhibited the growth of s.c.‐inoculated murine tumors such as B16 melanoma, sarcoma 180, M5076 sarcoma and colon 26. DUMs were also significantly effective in increasing the lifespan of i.p.‐inoculated B16 melanoma‐bearing mice, although their effect was marginal against other i.p.‐inoculated tumors. As a whole, DUMB1 exhibited superior activity to the other four compounds. DUMB1 rapidly inhibited the incorporation of [ 3 H]‐TdR into macromolecules of HeLa S 3 cells as compared with that of [ 3 H]UR or [ 3 H]leucine. DNA strand breaks were detected in DUMB1 ‐treated HeLa S 3 cells by agarose gel electrophoresis with a contour‐clamped homogeneous electric field apparatus. These results indicate that DUMs possess interesting biological activities as DNA‐targeting antitumor antibiotics.
Cerebral Metabolism and Function during Normothermic Retrograde Cerebral Perfusion (1993)

Retrograde cerebral perfusion through a superior vena cava (SVC) cannula is a new technique used to protect the brain during circulatory arrest. Cerebral blood flow, oxygen consumption, blood sugar consumption and auditory brain stem responses were measured at various rates (100, 200 and 300 ml min-1) of retrograde cerebral perfusion in normothermic mongrel dogs (n = 12, body-weight 13-15 kg). During perfusion about 20% of the perfusate from the SVC was returned via the aorta, while the rest drained into the inferior vena cava. External jugular venous pressure increased as the perfusion rate increased (mean(s.d.) 26.0(6.4) mmHg at a rate of perfusion of 300 ml min-1). Oxygen and blood sugar consumption also increased as the rate of perfusion increased. Retrograde cerebral perfusion at 300 ml min-1 provided half of the cerebral blood flow (mean(s.d.) 14.7(6.4) versus 34.3(7.8)ml min-1) of antegrade cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Analysis of the blood returned through the aorta during perfusion at a rate of 300 ml min-1 showed that mean(s.d.) oxygen consumption was about one-third (4.4(2.1) versus 12.3(7.1) ml min-1) and blood sugar consumption about 15% (17(22) versus 114(54)mg min-1) of that seen in blood returned through the SVC during CPB. Auditory brain stem responses disappeared immediately when perfusion was started but recovered completely as soon as CPB was resumed. Although the oxygen provided by perfusion was not sufficient to maintain cerebral function, it should help protect the brain during circulatory arrest.
Size‐ and Distance‐Dependent Nanoparticle Surface‐Energy Transfer (NSET) Method for Selective Sensing of Hepatitis C Virus RNA (2008)

We report size- and distance-dependent surface-energy transfer (SET) properties of gold nanoparticles for recognizing hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA sequence sensitively and selectively (single-base mutations) in a homogeneous format. We have demonstrated that quenching efficiency increases by three orders of magnitude, as the particle size increases from 5 to 70 nm. Due to this extraordinarily high K(SV), nanoparticle SET (NSET) detection limit can be as low as 300 fM concentration of RNA, depending on the size of gold nanoparticle. We have shown that the distance-dependent quenching efficiency is highly dependent on the particle size and the distance at which the energy-transfer efficiency is 50 %, ranges all the way from 8 nm, which is very close to the accessible distance of conventional Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), to about 40 nm by choosing gold nanoparticles of different diameters. Our result points out that dipole-to-metal-particle energy transfer and NSET models provide a better description of the distance dependence of the quenching efficiencies for 8 nm gold nanoparticle, but agreement is poor for 40 and 70 nm gold nanoparticles, for which the measured values were always larger than the predicted ones.
Anti-VEGF Agents for Ocular Angiogenesis and Vascular Permeability (2011)

We review articles describing intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drug trials, while discussing the mechanisms of the action of anti-VEGF antibodies, and also evaluating their outcomes. Intraocular injections of anti-VEGF drug are considered to be an effective treatment for macular edema after retinal vein occlusion, however, recurrent/persistent edema is common. The recent reports may lead to a shift in treatment paradigm for DME, from laser photocoagulation, to newer approaches using anti-VEGF drugs. There have been several well-publicized prospective, randomized studies that demonstrated the efficacy of intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs for patients with AMD. Adjuvant bevacizumab for neovascular glaucoma may prevent further PAS formation, and it is likely to open up a therapeutic window for a panretinal photocoagulation and trabeculectomy. Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) results in a substantial decrease in bleeding from the retinal vessels or new vessels during a standard vitrectomy. IVB has also been reported to be effective for inducing the regression of new vessels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The use of bevacizumab in stage 4 or 5 retinopahty of permaturity (ROP) is to reduce the plus sign to help reduce hemorrhage during the subsequent vitrectomy. Some authors reported cases of resolution of stage 4 A ROP after bevacizumab injection.
Yield impact of cross-field and cross-wafer CD spatial uniformity: collapse of the deep-UV and 193 nm lithographic focus window (2003)

The 0.13 /spl mu/m semiconductor manufacturing generation, shipping as early as 2001, will have transistor gate structures as small as 100 nm, creating a demand for sub-10 nm gate linewidth control. Linewidth variation consists of cross-chip, cross-wafer, cross-lot, and run-to-run components. In this work, we explore spatial dependencies across the lithographic field due to reticle error and across the wafer due to wafer and chuck nanotopography. Both sources of spatial variation can cause collapse of the lithographic focus window near the limits of resolution, resulting in CD excursions for gate structures in high-performance microprocessors. Our work supports the contention that photolithography-induced defects may become the primary source of yield loss for the 0.13 /spl mu/m generation and beyond.
Dynamics of the VIGS-Mediated Chimeric Silencing of the <i>Nicotiana benthamiana ChlH</i> Gene and of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus Vector (2003)

The ChlH gene, encoding for the H subunit of the magnesium chelatase enzyme, was silenced in Nicotiana bentahamiana plants by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), using tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) expression vector. Strong silencing of the ChlH target gene was initiated only in the apical tissues, in which the endogenous transcription level of the target gene and the level of TMV vector RNA were both very high. The virus vector was also targeted by VIGS, and its suppression was correlated with the silencing of the ChlH mRNA. In the apical tissues, the suppression of both the virus vector and the ChlH mRNA led to a reduction of the silencing pressure and, consequently, to partial recovery of the new growth from the silencing. As the virus vector and the target mRNA levels increased, silencing was reestablished. The feedback regulation system, caused by the transient increase and reduction in levels of the virus vector and ChlH mRNA, led to a fluctuation of the silenced and recovered phenotypes in the plant apex. This TMV-vector mediated silencing system differed from previously analyzed VIGS systems; although the TMV vector was initially targeted by the silencing system, it was not permanently suppressed, indicating that, in this system, TMV was able to effectively escape post-transcriptional gene silencing.