gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual mode of inhibition of purified DNA ligase I from human cells by 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine triphosphate. (1992)

9-beta-D-Arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine (F-ara-A) is an analogue of adenosine and deoxyadenosine with potent anti-tumor activity. The mechanism of action for this compound has been elucidated as the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, induction of DNA fragmentation, and genetic damage. This study demonstrated that DNA ligase I, an enzyme involved in DNA replication, is a target for the drug action. F-ara-adenine triphosphate (F-ara-ATP) at 80 microM inhibited the activity of DNA ligase I by more than 90%. In contrast, eight other related nucleoside analogues showed no effect on the enzyme activity at 200 microM. F-ara-ATP inhibited DNA ligation in two distinct ways. First, F-ara-ATP directly interacted with DNA ligase I and inhibited the formation of the ligase-AMP complex. This inhibition could not be reversed when free F-ara-ATP was eliminated from the treated enzyme; however, the addition of pyrophosphate, followed by gel filtration chromatography, restored enzyme activity, indicating that F-ara-ATP bound to the enzyme and altered the AMP-binding site. Secondly, the activity of DNA ligase I was inhibited when F-ara-ATP was incorporated into the 3' terminus of the DNA substrate. The dual mode of inhibition of DNA ligase I by F-ara-ATP indicates that its effect on DNA ligation may be important in the inhibition of DNA synthesis and the cytotoxicity of F-ara-A.
Penalized weighted least-squares image reconstruction for dual energy X-ray transmission tomography (2000)

Reconstructing low-dose X-ray computed tomography (CT) images is a noise problem. This work investigated a penalized weighted least-squares (PWLS) approach to address this problem in two dimensions, where the WLS considers first- and second-order noise moments and the penalty models signal spatial correlations. Three different implementations were studied for the PWLS minimization. One utilizes a Markov random field (MRF) Gibbs functional to consider spatial correlations among nearby detector bins and projection views in sinogram space and minimizes the PWLS cost function by iterative Gauss-Seidel algorithm. Another employs Karhunen-Loève (KL) transform to de-correlate data signals among nearby views and minimizes the PWLS adaptively to each KL component by analytical calculation, where the spatial correlation among nearby bins is modeled by the same Gibbs functional. The third one models the spatial correlations among image pixels in image domain also by a MRF Gibbs functional and minimizes the PWLS by iterative successive over-relaxation algorithm. In these three implementations, a quadratic functional regularization was chosen for the MRF model. Phantom experiments showed a comparable performance of these three PWLS-based methods in terms of suppressing noise-induced streak artifacts and preserving resolution in the reconstructed images. Computer simulations concurred with the phantom experiments in terms of noise-resolution tradeoff and detectability in low contrast environment. The KL-PWLS implementation may have the advantage in terms of computation for high-resolution dynamic low-dose CT imaging.
Penile Prosthesis Implantation in Patients with a History of Total Phallic Construction (2015)

Penile prosthesis placement is possible in patients with prior penile reconstruction/phallic construction. Although complications rates appear to be elevated in this population compared with historic controls of normal anatomic men, the majority of patients in this series were sexually active following prosthesis placement. This demonstrates the utility of prosthesis implantation in these difficult patients.
MK-801 disrupts acquisition of contextual fear conditioning but enhances memory consolidation of cued fear conditioning (2002)

The effects of pre-training or post-training subcutaneous injections of multiple doses of the non-competitive NMDA-receptor antagonist (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate (MK-801) on cued and contextual fear conditioning were examined in F344 rats. Pre-training injections of MK-801 (0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg) disrupted contextual fear conditioning but not cued fear conditioning. Post-training injections of MK-801 did not disrupt cued or contextual fear conditioning. In fact, the 0.3 mg/kg dose of MK-801 enhanced cued fear conditioning. Finally, rats were tested for MK-801-induced alterations in sensitivity to pain using the formalin test for nociception. MK-801 did not reduce sensitivity to pain. These results suggest that NMDA receptors are involved in acquisition of contextual fear conditioning but not in memory consolidation of the learned response.
Financial Development, Human Capital and Economic Growth (2014)

Financial development and human capital are the important driving forces of economic and social development in Shandong Province, and the level of them as well as the degree of coordination between the two not only affects the transformation of economic development pattern in Shandong Province, but also affects the implementation of leapfrog development strategy in Shandong Province. Through the study, it is found that there is a long-term stable dynamic equilibrium relationship among economic growth, human capital and financial development; the degree of coordination between financial development and human capital in Shandong Province is constantly improved, evolving from imbalance to balance. Obviously, the coordination between financial development and urbanization construction in Shandong Province continues to improve.
Cassettes of the<i>Streptoalloteichus hindustanus ble</i>gene for transformation of lower and higher eukaryotes to phleomycin resistance (1990)

Journal Article Cassettes of the Streptoalloteichus hindustanus ble gene for transformation of lower and higher eukaryotes to phleomycin resistance Get access Daniel Drocourt, Daniel Drocourt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thierry Calmels, Thierry Calmels Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean-Paul Reynes, Jean-Paul Reynes Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michel Baron, Michel Baron 1Centre de Recherche en Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaire, Université Paul Sabatier118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gérard Tiraby Gérard Tiraby 1Centre de Recherche en Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaire, Université Paul Sabatier118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 13, 11 July 1990, Page 4009, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.13.4009 Published: 11 July 1990
The Event-Related Brain Potential as a Selective Index of Display Load (1979)

As an index of task workload, the possible advantages of the event-related brain potential (ERP) over traditional secondary task techniques and psychophysiological measures are described and previous efforts to validate the use of ERPs in this context are discussed. A series of six experiments is then reported in which the effects of tracking difficulty and display-monitoring load manipulations on secondary-task reaction time and ERP measures are compared. The results are interpreted within the framework of a “multiple reservoir” conception of processing resources and task workload.
A novel re-tracking strategy for monocular SLAM (2017)

Tracking failure is an inevitable event in real-time monocular simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system. Relocalization procedure that focuses on exploring a visited place to relocalize a camera is usually used to handle this problem. However, this strategy abandons the poses of the frames captured after tracking failure, resulting in losing a part of trajectory with respect to the ground truth. Therefore, a re-tracking strategy (RTS) is proposed to estimate these abandoned frames. An automatic local initialization is activated to initialize a new tracking process when tracking fails. Trajectory correction and fusion are employed when a loop closure is detected. When the last frame of the sequence is detected, the trajectories that cannot loop with the original trajectory should be culled by trajectory culling procedure. Experimental results on two challenging datasets, TUM RGB-D and NewCollege, indicate that the proposed method achieves low root mean square error (RMSE) and high trajectory completeness rate (TCR), especially for rapid moving camera.
The Role of the Transcription Factor SIM2 in Prostate Cancer (2011)

Taken together, our results suggest an involvement of SIM2 in key traits of prostate tumor cell biology and might underlie a contribution of this transcription factor to prostate cancer onset and progression.
A Method of Estimating Formation Pressures from Gulf Coast Well Logs (1966)

ABSTRACT Conventional resistivity, sonic, and density logs are now used to determine formation pressures in Gulf Coast wells. These determinations are based upon observations that log characteristics of shale formations vary more or less uniformly with depth through zones of normal pressure. When abnormally pressured formations are encountered, they are usually associated with shales that depart from the established trend. Shales exhibit log characteristics along the normal trend when the contained fluids are free to escape at a normal rate during accumulation of overburden. However, when the formations are sealed such that further fluid loss is prevented, continued accumulation of over burden leads to overpressuring. In such formations, the shales exhibit log values typical of the depth at which the formations were sealed. The apparent depth of formation sealing is obtained by relating the shale log values to the normal trend. For this sealing depth, a normal pressure of the fluids in the pores is computed assuming 0.465 psi per foot of depth. Fluid pressure in the zone of interest is then computed assuming an increase at 1.0 psi per foot of overburden accumulation subsequent to sealing. Charts simplify these computations and provide values for both the estimated pore pressure and the mud weight needed for a balance.
Electrostatically trapping indirect excitons in coupled In<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Ga<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>As quantum wells (2011)

We report on photoluminescence experiments on spatially indirect excitons in an InGaAs coupled double quantum well device in which semitransparent gates are employed to tune the in-plane potential landscape. We introduce a trapping configuration in which exciton generation is spatially separated from the excitonic trapping potential. Suitably biased gates control the flow of indirect dipolar excitons from the generation area to the electrostatically defined trap. Thus the trap is filled only with indirect excitons precooled to the lattice temperature. Using a confocal microscope at liquid helium temperatures we map the in-plane distribution of excitons at various gate voltages and illumination conditions. Our small and strongly confining traps with precooled excitons demonstrate interesting many-body effects which can be interpreted in terms of the electrostatic screening, the Coulomb binding, and excitonic flows. Gate voltage dependencies of PL energy in our samples are not monotonic and can be explained by considering the nonlinear exciton flows between the elements of our structure. At strong illumination hysteretic switching of the trapped exciton population reflects a nonlinear character of the self-consistent trapping potential. An unusual nonlinear increase of the emission of the trap is likely coming from the many-body interactions in a dense exciton gas in the presence of a disorder potential at high light intensity. The designs of electrostatic traps proposed and realized here allow for stronger confinements and lower temperatures and will be used to search for coherent phenomena in dense exciton gases.
CCCLXXXVII.—The relative stability of the quinolone and indolinone rings (1926)

J. A. Aeschlimann, J. Chem. Soc., 1926, 129, 2902 DOI: 10.1039/JR9262902902
Meta-Symbolic Simulation System (Messy) User Manual with Forward: The History of Messy (1976)

User manual for the meta-symbolic simulation system that includes a behavioral simulation programming language that models, generates and manipulates events in the notation of a semantic network that changes through time, and a generalized, semantics-to-surface structure generation mechanism that can describe changes in the semantic universe in the syntax of any natural language for which grammar is supplied. The system can handle generative semantic grammars in a variety of theoretical frameworks, and is especially suited for modelling text grammars, including "frames", "scripts", and "scenarios". While Sheldon Klein is responsible for the basic design of the system, it is the result of the efforts of more than twenty students, over a five year period.
Illicit secretion of a cytoplasmic protein into the periplasm of Escherichia coli requires a signal peptide plus a portion of the cognate secreted protein (1989)

The beta-lactamase signal peptide alone is not sufficient to direct secretion of chicken muscle triosephosphate isomerase, a normally cytoplasmic protein, into the periplasm of Escherichia coli. The signal peptide and at least the first 3 residues of the mature beta-lactamase are required before any secretion of the isomerase can be observed. At this point the level of secretion is very low, but the addition of further residues of the mature beta-lactamase enhances the secretion of the hybrid protein. The maximum level of secretion is achieved when 12 or more residues of the mature beta-lactamase intervene between the signal peptide and the isomerase. It is the proximity of an arginine residue at position 3 of the isomerase that is responsible for the blockade to secretion of these hybrid proteins (see Summers, R.G., Harris, C.R., and Knowles, J.R. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 20082-20088). With 12 residues of the mature beta-lactamase between the signal peptide and the isomerase, the offending arginine now lies at position 15 of the hybrid. The 14 residues that immediately follow the signal peptide therefore define a region of constrained properties that is critical to the secretability of proteins from E. coli.
Resolvin D1 and Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D1 Promote Resolution of Allergic Airways Responses (2012)

Asthma is a disease of airway inflammation that in most cases fails to resolve. The resolution of inflammation is an active process governed by specific chemical mediators, including D-series resolvins. In this study, we determined the impact of resolvin D1 (RvD1) and aspirin-triggered RvD1 (AT-RvD1) on the development of allergic airway responses and their resolution. Mice were allergen sensitized, and RvD1, AT-RvD1 (1, 10, or 100 ng), or vehicle was administered at select intervals before or after aerosol allergen challenge. RvD1 markedly decreased airway eosinophilia and mucus metaplasia, in part by decreasing IL-5 and IκBα degradation. For the resolution of established allergic airway responses, AT-RvD1 was even more efficacious than RvD1, leading to a marked decrease in the resolution interval for lung eosinophilia, decrements in select inflammatory peptide and lipid mediators, and more rapid resolution of airway hyperreactivity to methacholine. Relative to RvD1, AT-RvD1 resisted metabolic inactivation by macrophages, and AT-RvD1 significantly enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of IgG-OVA-coated beads in vitro and in vivo, a new proresolving mechanism for the clearance of allergen from the airways. In conclusion, RvD1 and AT-RvD1 can serve as important modulators of allergic airway responses by decreasing eosinophils and proinflammatory mediators and promoting macrophage clearance of allergen. Together, these findings identify D-series resolvins as potential proresolving therapeutic agents for allergic responses.
Characteristics of an Extended Gate Field-Effect Transistor for Glucose Sensing Using an Enzyme-Containing Silk Fibroin Membrane as the Bio-Chemical Component (2020)

The characteristics of a glucose sensor based on an ion-sensitive TiO<sub>2</sub>/Ti extended gate electrode field-effect transistor (EGFET) are reported. A glucose oxidase-containing silk fibroin membrane was immobilized on a TiO<sub>2</sub>/Ti surface as the bio-sensing component. This EGFET-type biosensor was estimated to be able to detect a glucose concentration as low as 0.001 mg/mL in an aqueous electrolyte, which enables the sensing of glucose in the saliva and sweat. The endurance of this sensor was also examined, and it was found that the retention time of the original sensitivity for repeated use at room temperature was more than 30 days, with a high heat tolerance temperature close to 60 °C.
Optimisation of MLC orientation to improve accuracy in the static field delivery of IMRT (2002)

The authors have previously investigated algorithms which optimise the accuracy of delivery of Intensity Modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) beams using dynamic Multileaf Collimator (MLC) techniques. They showed that a high degree of agreement between idealised profiles and those delivered could be obtained in the direction of leaf trajectory. This is achieved by optimising the number and resolution of MLC steps and using optimally incremented intensity levels in the leaf sequence. It is clear that the width of the MLC leaves place limitations on any optimisation, restricting the resolution obtainable in the direction perpendicular to leaf motion. The authors have implemented an algorithm which samples an IMRT (square) field and finds the best MLC orientation in an attempt to improve this situation. Initially, the MLC leaf trajectories are aligned parallel to one major axis of the square. The intensity profile considered is a continuous function describing a surface. It is sampled at one degree intervals, rotating the MLC about the centre of the field through a total of 90 degrees. For the general collimator angle, a set of (1-D) profiles to represent the required intensify surface under each leaf pair are computed, with a width equal to that of the MLC leaf. The profiles are selected by minimising a root-mean-square error function representing the difference between desired and produced intensity maps. The authors find that general (non-zero) collimator angles, thus MLC orientations, can minimise differences between the idealised (required) 2-D intensity surfaces and that produced by IMRT using dynamic MLC methods.
Calorimetric investigation of polymerization reactions. V. Crosslinked copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with ethylene dimethacrylate (1975)

Abstract The crosslinked copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) in bulk and in toluene has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The appearance of a second peak, in addition to that arising from the gel effect, noted in curves of bulk copolymerization rate (fraction of EDMA m E = 0.20) is explained by the formation of microgels during the copolymerization. With m E = 0.50–1.00, copolymerization proceeds heterogeneously at first, providing opaque microgels, which become transparent polymer in a later stage at a weight fraction of toluene w T ≦ 0.20 and independent polymer particles at w T ≧ 0.30. A diagram is given which illustrates three types of copolymerization depending on initial composition of monomers and toluene. Final conversions for m E ≦ 0.10 agree well with predictions. Copolymerization at m E ≧ 0.20 ceases because of reduction of segmental mobility due to dense network formation in microgel, though the whole system is not yet in glassy state. Data of final conversions in solution copolymerization also support the above mechanism.
ChemInform Abstract: Metastable Alumina Polymorphs: Crystal Structures and Transition Sequences (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Alterations in the Activities of Rabbit Erythrocyte Membrane-Bound Enzymes Induced by Cholesterol Enrichment and Depletion Procedures (1986)

The effect of cholesterol enrichment and depletion of rabbit erythrocytes on the activities of membrane-bound enzymes, namely (Na+,K+)-stimulated ATPase, NAD+ase and acetylcholinesterase was examined. The cholesterol content of erythrocyte membranes has been modified by incubation of intact cells with sonicated egg lecithin/cholesterol vesicles (cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio approx. 2) and with egg lecithin vesicles for time intervals up to 10 hours. The cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio (CH/PL) of untreated rabbit red blood cell membranes was 0.92-0.94. Linear increase (up to CH/PL molar ratio 1.72-1.9) or decrease (up to CH/PL molar ratio 0.27-0.43) in cholesterol content of erythrocyte membranes was observed over the 10 hours of incubation with egg lecithin/cholesterol and egg lecithin liposomes respectively. Fusion of liposomes to the membrane or their attachment to the membrane surface was not a significant factor in the alteration of CH/PL ratio. (Na+,K+)-stimulated ATPase, NAD+ase and acetylcholinesterase activities were measured as a function of membrane cholesterol. The specific activities of all three enzymes were progressively decreased with increase in cholesterol content. Partial reversibility of the inhibitory effect of cholesterol was demonstrated by measurement on cells depleted again after cholesterol enrichment. This was confirmed by the fact that a lowering in cholesterol content evoked an analogous activation of enzymes. The possible implications of physicochemical modifications of bulk and annular lipids of membrane-bound enzymes in the inhibition mechanism are discussed.
American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology Screening Guidelines for the Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer (2012)

An update to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guideline regarding screening for the early detection of cervical precancerous lesions and cancer is presented. The guidelines are based on a systematic evidence review, contributions from six working groups, and a recent symposium co-sponsored by the ACS, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP), and American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP), which was attended by 25 organizations. The new screening recommendations address age-appropriate screening strategies, including the use of cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, follow-up (e.g., management of screen positives and screening interval for screen negatives) of women after screening, age at which to exit screening, future considerations regarding HPV testing alone as a primary screening approach, and screening strategies for women vaccinated against HPV16/18 infections.