gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MORA: An Energy-Aware Slack Reclamation Scheme for Scheduling Sporadic Real-Time Tasks upon Multiprocessor Platforms (2009)

In this paper, we address the global and preemptive energy-aware scheduling problem of sporadic constrained-deadline tasks on DVFS-identical multiprocessor platforms. We propose an online slack reclamation scheme which profits from the discrepancy between the worst- and actual-case execution time of the tasks by slowing down the speed of the processors in order to save energy. Our algorithm called MORA takes into account the application-specific consumption profile of the tasks. We demonstrate that MORA does not jeopardize the system schedulability and we show by performing simulations that it can save up to 32% of energy (in average) compared to execution without using any energy-aware algorithm.
ML and EM algorithm for non-data-aided SNR estimation of linearly modulated signals (2008)

The recently published Cramer-Rao lower bound for non-data-aided (NDA) estimation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) reveals a considerable gap, when compared to the jitter performance of NDA algorithms available from the open literature. The maximum-likelihood (ML) solution derived in this paper closes this gap. However, the latter provides a set of two nonlinear vector equations, which might be simplified only for modulation schemes with constant envelope like M-ary PSK. For signals with nonconstant envelope, like 16-QAM as most prominent example in this respect, a much less complex approach based on the expectation-maximization (EM) principle is developed in this paper. In the medium SNR range, this bridges part of the performance gap mentioned previously. Over the full SNR range, we propose a hybrid algorithm, where the EM estimate is replaced by a moment-based method as soon as the true SNR drops below a predefined threshold.
View-based localization in outdoor environments based on support vector learning (2005)

This paper describes a view-based localization method using support vector machines in outdoor environments. We have been developing a two-phase vision-based navigation method. In the training phase, the robot acquires image sequences along the desired route and automatically learns the route visually. In the subsequent autonomous navigation phase, the robot moves by localizing itself based on the comparison between input images and the learned route representation. Our previous localization method uses an object recognition method which is robust to changes of weather and the seasons; however it has many parameters and threshold values to be manually adjusted. This paper, therefore, applies a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to this object recognition problem. SVM is also applied to discriminating locations based on the recognition results. This two-stage SVM-based localization approach exhibits a satisfactory performance for real outdoor image data without any manual adjustment of parameters and threshold values.
Effects of Iscador preparations on the reactivity of mouse immune system. (2009)

The experiment indicated statistically significant increase in albumin fraction level and lymphocyte count. Moreover, decrease of the total protein content, protein fractions globulins alpha2, beta, gamma and neutrophil, monocyte count in mouse serum was observed.
<title>Spring-based actuators</title> (2002)

A new concept of a spring actuator based on the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy (FSMA) is presented. The coil spring made by a FSMA is activated by the attractive magnetic force produced by electromagnets, which is usually not uniform. When the magnetic field is applied, each turn of the spring comes into contact with the neighboring turns one by one, stacking from the turn closer to the yoke of the electromagnet. As a result, entire shrinkage of the spring accompanied by large liner stroke is achieved. This actuator is energy-efficient, since almost all magnet flux originated from electromagnet discharges into the ferromagnetic spring. The performance of the spring actuator, i.e. the output force and stroke, depends on many factors, such as the diameter and the pitch of the spring or the dimension of the cross section of the spring wire, and so on. We processed successfully a spring actuator driven by a hybrid magnet based on the above principle by using polycrystalline FePd alloy. Since the stiffness of the FePd coil spring become softer due to the martensite phase transformation, the movement of the actuator is accelerated during actuation.
Using mass spectrometry to identify ubiquitin and ubiquitin‐like protein conjugation sites (2009)

Ubiquitin (Ub) and the ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) are polypeptides that are covalently conjugated to proteins and other biomolecules to modulate their turnover rate, localization, and/or function. The full range of Ubl functions is only beginning to be understood, and the wide variety of Ubl conjugates is only beginning to be identified. Moreover, how Ubl conjugation is regulated, and how Ubl conjugate populations change, e.g., throughout the cell cycle, in response to hormones, nutrients, or stress, or in various disease states, remains largely enigmatic. MS represents a powerful tool for the characterization of PTMs. However, standard sample preparation and data search methods are not amenable to the identification of many types of Ubl conjugates. Here, we describe the challenges of identifying Ub/Ubl conjugates, and propose an improved workflow for identification of Ub/Ubl conjugation sites. Considering the importance of Ubls in normal cellular physiology, and their roles in disease etiology and progression, it will be critical to develop improved high-throughput MS methods capable of efficiently identifying proteins and other biomolecules modified by these very interesting and important PTMs.
Transport and magnetic Jc of MgB2 strands and small helical coils (2005)

The critical current densities of MgB2 monofilamentary strands with and without SiC additions were measured at 4.2 K. Additionally, magnetic Jc at B=1T was measured from 4.2 to 40 K. Various heat treatment times and temperatures were investigated for both short samples and small helical coils. SiC additions were seen to improve high field transport Jc at 4.2 K, but improvements were not evident at 1 T at any temperature. Transport results were relatively insensitive to heat treatment times and temperatures for both short samples and coils in the 700–900 °C range.
Performance of suspension insulators under flashover conditions (1988)

High-voltage outdoor insulators for power overhead line applications are subject to pollution by dirt and chemicals in industrial areas, and by salt deposits near the coast. In such a case, nonuniform heating of the pollution layer occurs at narrow sections of the insulators where the current density in the pollution layer is highest. Since almost the whole of the insulator voltage appears across these 'dry bands', air breakdown occurs, with the result of a quasistable gas discharge burn on the surface of the insulator, the current being limited by the series resistance of the pollution films. The author investigates this pollution flashover phenomenon by presenting a flat plate model for a cap and pin insulator. The dimensions of the suggested model are calculated. Using this model, the potential and field distribution on the polluted suspension insulator are determined.
Inventory Analysis of BTX Recovery System for Industrial Waste Plastics (2003)

Recently, the shortage of landfill site has become a serious environmental problem according to an increase in the amount of waste disposal. A variety of recycling processes about the waste plastics with large capacity have been proposed from the environmental viewpoints. Especially the liquefaction process using the Ga-Si catalyst is able to recover the BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene) from the waste plastics selectively and efficiently. In this study, the inventory of BTX recovery system for the industrial waste plastics was analyzed, and the environmental loads such as energy consumption, air emission and solid waste were compared with the BTX production system from crude oil adding the waste systems of industrial waste plastics.As a result, it was confirmed that the BTX recovery system was able to reduce 40% energy con-sumption more than the BTX production system adding the waste systems of plastics. It was suggested that this system was effective as the BTX production system, besides the recycling system for the indus-trial waste plastics.
Fibrinolysis in the rat after short-term aspirin therapy. (1980)

Fibrinolytic parameters were compared in blood taken from rats treated with aspirin (10 and 40 mg/kg) or saline solution. Plasma euglobulin fractions prepared from animals treated with the higher dose of aspirin caused increased zones of lysis on plasminogen-rich fibrin plates. Even greater lytic activity was detected in blood from all aspirin-treated rats when euglobulin fractions were augmented with sodium flufenamate and dextran sulfate. The inhibitor index was significantly reduced when calculated for rats treated with the larger dose of drug. Dilute blood clot lysis times for this group were consistently prolonged, most likely reflecting impaired platelet function. Platelet counts, hematocrits, and bleeding times did not differ from controls. Prothrombin times, activated partial thromboplastin times, and plasma clot times were all prolonged, reflecting the sensitivity of the vitamin K-dependent factors to aspirin.
Periscope pop-in beam monitor (1998)

. We have built monitors for use as beam diagnostics in the narrow gap of an undulator for an FEL experiment. They utilize an intercepting screen of doped YAG scintillating crystal to make light that is imaged through a periscope by conventional video equipment. The absolute position can be ascertained by comparing the electron beam position with the position of a He:Ne laser that is observed by this pop-in monitor. The optical properties of the periscope and the mechanical arrangement of the system mean that beam can be spatially determined to the resolution of the camera, in this case approximately 10 micrometers. Our experience with these monitors suggests improvements for successor designs, which we also describe. INTRODUCTION At BNL our current FEL projects center on single pass designs, in particular the High Gain Harmonic Generation (HGHG) scheme (1). To obtain a high performance FEL, high peak current, low-emittance electron beams must be produced, transported, and co...
Aflatoxin Biosynthesis Is a Novel Source of Reactive Oxygen Species—A Potential Redox Signal to Initiate Resistance to Oxidative Stress? (2015)

Aflatoxin biosynthesis in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus parasiticus involves a minimum of 21 enzymes, encoded by genes located in a 70 kb gene cluster. For aflatoxin biosynthesis to be completed, the required enzymes must be transported to specialized early and late endosomes called aflatoxisomes. Of particular significance, seven aflatoxin biosynthetic enzymes are P450/monooxygenases which catalyze reactions that can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as byproducts. Thus, oxidative reactions in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway could potentially be an additional source of intracellular ROS. The present work explores the hypothesis that the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway generates ROS (designated as "secondary" ROS) in endosomes and that secondary ROS possess a signaling function. We used specific dyes that stain ROS in live cells and demonstrated that intracellular ROS levels correlate with the levels of aflatoxin synthesized. Moreover, feeding protoplasts with precursors of aflatoxin resulted in the increase in ROS generation. These data support the hypothesis. Our findings also suggest that secondary ROS may fulfill, at least in part, an important mechanistic role in increased tolerance to oxidative stress in germinating spores (seven-hour germlings) and in regulation of fungal development.
Effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on tissue composition parameters in a murine cachexia model (2006)

CLA alleviates cachectic symptoms in some experimental models. In a 2x2 factorial design, 12 female 1 mo old C57BL/6 mice were injected with LP‐BM5 murine retrovirus (to induce cachexia) and 12 were used as controls. Mice were fed diets containing 0 or 1.68% CLA (50/50 cis ‐9, trans ‐11 and trans ‐10, cis ‐12) (BASF AG, Germany) for 88 d. CLA increased the content (41%) and mass (14%) of carcass protein in healthy mice but had no effect on the protein yield in cachectic mice. Both CLA and cachexia markedly reduced the content (72 and 51%, respectively) and amount (83 and 60%, respectively) of carcass fat and CLA decreased carcass fat (>50%) in cachectic mice. Carcass water was increased by the main effects of cachexia and CLA, but in cachectic mice, CLA had no effect on water variables. Cachexia decreased heart weight (34%), kidney weight (29%) and increased spleen weight (94%) while CLA had no effect on these organs. CLA increased liver weight by 69% in healthy and 33% in cachectic mice and increased hepatic lipid content by 65% in healthy and 37% in cachectic mice. CLA increased the carcass and liver content of cis ‐9, trans ‐11 (<0.1 vs. 2.3% and <0.1 vs. 1.7%, respectively) and trans ‐10, cis ‐12 CLA (<0.1 vs. 1.6% and <0.1 vs. 0.5% respectively). CLA decreased 18:2 content in carcass (46%) and liver (66%) lipids but differentially regulated 20:4 levels in carcass and liver lipids (66 increase and 65% decrease, respectively). Cachexia increased the content of most LCPUFA (i.e. ≥20:2) in both carcass and liver lipids. In conclusion, CLA reduced body fat in cachectic animals but was unable to increase muscle mass as it did in healthy mice.
Vibrational Tension Measurement of External Tendons in Segmental Posttensioned Bridges (2006)

A rapid and economical vibrational tension measurement method is presented to detect distress in external tendons used in segmental posttensioned bridges. This method provides a complementary technique to traditional inspection methods currently employed in the field. The natural frequency and overtones produced by an impact excitation are measured and used to determine the tendon segment’s tension and flexural stiffness using a differential equation describing a stiff string with clamped-clamped boundary conditions. The flexural stiffness is not negligible in tendons of this type causing the vibration modes to be inharmonically related. This method provides consistent (typically within 1%) and reasonably accurate (typically within 10%) estimates of tendon tension. Accuracy can be improved by lessening uncertainty in input constants such as the tendon mass and tendon length. Application examples from several in-service bridges have shown that detection of corrosion damage, improper tensioning, and force distribution effects from friction at deviation blocks can be detected.
Proton and phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human bile in hepatopancreaticobiliary cancer (2005)

These preliminary studies suggest that H and P NMR spectroscopy of bile may be used to detect differences in phospholipid content between cancer and non-cancer patients. This may have implications for the development of novel diagnostic strategies in hepatopancreaticobiliary cancers. Further larger-scale studies are warranted.
Critically Prophetic Action in the Public Square: Transformational Insights for School and Community Leaders (2008)

Ladson-Billings’ assertion that students’ familial and cultural identities must be recognized and morefully incorporated into the educative process finds much support in the community of progressiveeducational scholarship, as countless academics (including bell hooks, Paulo Freire, Peter McLaren,and Henry Giroux) and activists (including Myles Horton and Ernie Cortes) have critiqued generalistmodels of education that ignore community assets in their structures and delivery. Ladson-Billings andothers insist that when educational programs (both school and community-situated) are designed andimplemented as if they occur in social vacuums they implicitly ignore unique community identities andmodes of understanding. They relegate these identities and modes of understanding to positions ofirrelevance.
Effect of Ca<sup>2+</sup> on the Structure and Function of Factor VIla (1996)

Binding of Ca2+ to factor VIIa is required for its binding to phospholipids, tissue factor, and for obtaining full amidolytic activity. This presentation describes various binding studies performed with recombinant factor VIIa and fragments hereof in order to localize Ca2+ sites and obtain a better understanding of the functional implication of Ca2+ binding to these sites. Results obtained by means of Ca2+-dependent monoclonal antibodies, immunosorbent assays, intrinsic protein fluorescence and terbium luminescence technique are described and the results are interpreted in terms of a putative model.
Issues in integrating cellular networks WLANs, AND MANETs: a futuristic heterogeneous wireless network (2005)

The popularity of wireless communication systems can be seen almost everywhere in the form of cellular networks, WLANs, and WPANs. In addition, small portable devices have been increasingly equipped with multiple communication interfaces building a heterogeneous environment in terms of access technologies. The desired ubiquitous computing environment of the future has to exploit this multitude of connectivity alternatives resulting from diverse wireless communication systems and different access technologies to provide useful services with guaranteed quality to users. Many new applications require a ubiquitous computing environment capable of accessing information from different portable devices at any time and everywhere. This has motivated researchers to integrate various wireless platforms such as cellular networks, WLANs, and MANETs. Integration of different technologies with different capabilities and functionalities is an extremely complex task and involves issues at all layers of the protocol stack. This article envisions an architecture for state-of-the-art heterogeneous multihop networks, and identifies research issues that need to be addressed for successful integration of heterogeneous technologies for the next generation of wireless and mobile networks.
Atomistic simulation of nanowires in the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>tight-binding formalism: From boundary conditions to strain calculations (2006)

As the active dimensions of metal-oxide field-effect transistors are approaching the atomic scale, the electronic properties of these ``nanowire'' devices must be treated on a quantum mechanical level. In this paper, the transmission coefficients and the density of states of biased and unbiased Si and GaAs nanowires are simulated using the $s{p}^{3}{d}^{5}{s}^{*}$ empirical tight-binding method. Each atom, as well as the connections to its nearest neighbors, is represented explicitly. The material parameters are optimized to reproduce bulk band-structure characteristics in various crystal directions and various strain conditions. A scattering boundary method to calculate the open boundary conditions in nanowire transistors is developed to reduce the computational burden. Existing methods such as iterative or generalized eigenvalue problem approaches are significantly more expensive than the transport simulation through the device. The algorithm can be coupled to nonequilibrium Green's function and wave function transport calculations. The speed improvement is even larger if the wire transport direction is different from [100]. Finally, it is demonstrated that strain effects can be easily included in the present nanowire simulations.
Molecular Symbiosis of CHOP and C/EBPβ Isoform LIP Contributes to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis (2010)

Induction of the transcription factor CHOP (CCAAT-binding homologous protein; GADD 153) is a critical cellular response for the transcriptional control of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis. Upon nuclear translocation, CHOP upregulates the transcription of proapoptotic factors and downregulates antiapoptotic genes. Transcriptional activation by CHOP involves heterodimerization with other members of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor (bZIP) family. We show that the bZIP protein C/EBP beta isoform LIP is required for nuclear translocation of CHOP during ER stress. In early ER stress, LIP undergoes proteasomal degradation in the cytoplasmic compartment. During later ER stress, LIP binds CHOP in both cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments and contributes to its nuclear import. By using CHOP-deficient cells and transfections of LIP-expressing vectors in C/EBP beta(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), we show that the LIP-CHOP interaction has a stabilizing role for LIP. At the same time, CHOP uses LIP as a vehicle for nuclear import. LIP-expressing C/EBP beta(-/-) MEFs showed enhanced ER stress-induced apoptosis compared to C/EBP beta-null cells, a finding in agreement with the decreased levels of Bcl-2, a known transcriptional control target of CHOP. In view of the positive effect of CHOP-LIP interaction in mediating their proapoptotic functions, we propose this functional cooperativity as molecular symbiosis between proteins.
Regional delivery and selective expression of a high-activity yeast cytosine deaminase in an intrahepatic colon cancer model. (2003)

A major potential limitation to the success of enzyme prodrug gene therapy is the toxicity that could result from gene expression in normal tissues. In this study, we investigated the use of an enhanced human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) promoter for yeast cytosine deaminase (yCD), which converts 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil, to increase targeting while maintaining activity both in cell culture and in nude rats bearing intrahepatic xenografts. We found that an enhanced CEA-yCD adenoviral vector can achieve significantly greater yCD expression in CEA-expressing colon carcinoma cell lines (LoVo, HT29, and CaCo2) compared with a nonspecific Rous sarcoma virus-yCD virus. In contrast, infection with CEA-yCD led to lower or equivalent yCD expression in normal hepatocytes or fibroblasts compared with that produced by the RSV-yCD. Adenovirus administered in the portal vein or the hepatic artery of nude rats bearing intrahepatic LoVo colon carcinomas could mediate beta-galactosidase expression equally in liver and tumors under the control of cytomegalovirus, a nonspecific promoter. However, infusion of CEA-yCD virus markedly increased yCD expression in tumors over normal liver (>4-fold) measured both by levels of mRNA and yCD activity. Moreover, the efficiency of 5-fluorocytosine conversion into 5-fluorouracil in tumors was significantly higher than that in normal liver ( approximately 3-fold) in rats receiving portal venous viral infusion of CEA-yCD and subsequent 5FC treatment. Thus, an enhanced CEA promoter can preferentially stimulate yCD gene expression in CEA-expressing cells in vivo. Such tumor-specific expression should prove useful in colorectal cancer gene therapy to achieve selective prodrug conversion in tumors.