gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gelsolin modulation in epithelial and stromal cells of mammary carcinoma. (1989)

Gelsolin, a Ca2+-sensitive protein present in many mammalian cells, regulates actin filament length by multiple mechanisms. In tumor cells, increased amounts of F-actin without change in its total amount have been observed, suggesting a modification in the organisation of this protein. The authors have localized gelsolin, total actin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and prekeratin in frozen sections of normal human breast and infiltrating duct carcinomas by immunohistochemistry. A positive staining for gelsolin was observed in normal epithelial and myoepithelial cells but not in stromal fibroblasts. In contrast, no staining for gelsolin was detectable in carcinomatous cells, with the exception of remaining myoepithelial cells; myofibroblasts of the stromal reaction displayed an intense positive reaction. The absence of gelsolin staining in the epithelial cells of breast carcinoma may reflect their dedifferentiation or proliferative and invasive activities. The appearance of gelsolin in stromal cells raises the question as to what is its function in this situation. The immunohistochemical detection of gelsolin may be a useful adjunct to the study of mammary gland epithelium malignant transformation.
Micro-Baseline Stereo (2014)

Tradeoffs exist between the baseline or distance between cameras and the difficulty of matching corresponding points in stereo and structure from motion. Smaller baselines result in reduced disparities reducing the accuracy of depth estimation. Larger baselines increase the range of observed disparities, but also increase the difficulty of finding corresponding points. In this paper, we explore the use of very small baselines, called micro-baselines. Microbaselines, typically just a few millimeters, provide the advantage that they can be captured using a single camera. That is, a “static” camera that is either hand-held or mounted on a tripod will typically vibrate some small amount while capturing video. We take advantage of the vibrating motion to compute depth information. For hand-held cameras a small amount of motion is generally always present, while many surveillance applications involve cameras mounted outside or on high poles that exhibit this type of motion. Even indoor cameras mounted on tripods move due to human traffic and machine vibrations.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Computation Offloading for Not Only Stack Architecture (2019)

New technologies emerge with regard to computation offloading, allocating parts of applications to powerful servers to meet demands for the massive traffic of mobile devices. In this paper, we study an offloading framework enabled by Not Only Stack (NO Stack). NO Stack, a promising architecture adopts the virtualization technology, guarantees the implementation of machine learning. A deep reinforcement algorithm triggers energy-efficient strategies with handover control when a mobile device moves among cells. Offloading decisions are formulated by an agent with the feedback from the complex environment. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed offloading system based on NO Stack reduces the energy consumption and cuts down handover rates for mobile devices, compared with the conventional system when executing a service workflow.
Graphic guide to frame construction (1991)

The book that builders, architects and students have relied on for almost 20 years has been completely updated to cover new materials, construction methods and the latest building code revisions. The standard reference in its field, the Graphic Guide to Frame Construction is the ultimate visual guide to building with wood. Filled with hundreds of detailed drawings, helpful annotations and field-tested advice, the guide covers foundations, floors, walls, roofs and stairs. This third revised edition also offers additional information on advanced framing, engineered and composite materials and construction in high-wind areas and more. Rob Thallon has been designing and building wood-frame structures for 30 years. A practicing architect with his own firm, he has written numerous articles and books on residential construction. He's an Associate Professor of Architecture at the University of Oregon where he teaches design and construction.
Quercetin reverses tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. (2015)

Proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in MCF-7Ca/TAM-R cells increase with increasing dosage of quercetin. This suggests that quercetin can reverse tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. The underlying mechanism likely involves upregulation of ERα combined with downregulation of Her-2. However, this effect is independent of whether quercetin and tamoxifen are administered simultaneously or sequentially.
Intramolecular cyclization of <i>N</i>′‐chloroacetylsalicylhydrazide (1970)

Abstract Treatment of N ′‐chloroacetylsalicylhydrazide (I) with sodium hydroxide in dimethylformamide produces an intramolecular cyclization. Of all theoretically possible reactions, only one proceeds to give 5,6‐dihydro‐2‐ o ‐hydroxyphenyl‐4 H ‐1,3,4‐oxadiazin‐5‐one (II). No formation of the 1,4,5‐benzoxadiazocin‐3,6‐dione (III) is detected. The structure of II, as well as of its acetylation, methylation and hydrolysis derivatives are discussed.
Expanded Clinical Evaluation of Lovastatin (EXCEL) study results. I. Efficacy in modifying plasma lipoproteins and adverse event profile in 8245 patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia (1991)

In the Expanded Clinical Evaluation of Lovastatin (EXCEL) Study, a multicenter, double-blind, diet- and placebo-controlled trial, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of lovastatin in 8245 patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Patients were randomly assigned to receive placebo or lovastatin at a dosage of 20 mg once daily, 40 mg once daily, 20 mg twice daily, or 40 mg twice daily for 48 weeks. Lovastatin produced sustained, dose-related (P less than .001) changes as follows (for dosages of 20 to 80 mg/d): decreased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level (24% to 40%), increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level (6.6% to 9.5%), decreased total cholesterol level (17% to 29%), and decreased triglyceride level (10% to 19%). The National Cholesterol Education Program's low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level goal of less than 4.14 mmol/L (160 mg/dL) was achieved by 80% to 96% of patients, while the less than 3.36 mmol/L (130 mg/dL) goal was achieved by 38% to 83% of patients. The difference between lovastatin and placebo in the incidence of clinical adverse experiences requiring discontinuation was small, ranging from 1.2% at 20 mg twice daily to 1.9% at 80 mg/d. Successive transaminase level elevations greater than three times the upper limit of normal were observed in 0.1% of patients receiving placebo and 20 mg/d of lovastatin, increasing to 0.9% in those receiving 40 mg/d and 1.5% in those receiving 80 mg/d of lovastatin (P less than .001 for trend). Myopathy, defined as muscle symptoms with a creatine kinase elevation greater than 10 times the upper limit of normal, was found in only one patient (0.1%) receiving 40 mg once daily and four patients (0.2%) receiving 80 mg/d of lovastatin. Thus, lovastatin, when added after an adequate trial of a prudent diet, is a highly effective and generally well-tolerated treatment for patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia.
A zone-based gaming architecture for ad-hoc networks (2003)

Mobile devices are gaining popularity and it is expected that the number of these devices will grow even more in the next few years. While very different types of mobile devices exist, it can be expected that most of them will have sooner or later sufficient processing and communication resources to be used as clients for distributed multi-player games. We expect that ad-hoc networks will be of particular interest for many game scenarios since clients which are in sufficiently close proximity are then able to communicate directly or via a limited number of hops without the need of further, externally provided infrastructure.In this paper we study problems that appear for games in ad-hoc networks and present an architecture designed to address and solve the identified problems. Usual game architectures follow one of two approaches: 1. A central server design where the server receives the state change events from the users, recalculates the overall state and distributes the changes in the game state to the players. 2. A completely distributed model where every player sends state changes directly to all the other players. However, we believe that both approaches have problems, especially for games in adhoc networks.We propose to introduce the concept of a 'Zone Server'. I.e., some players are elected as Zone Servers. Each Zone Server receives the state change of only a group of players. It also communicates with the others to propagate the game state changes to all the players. Issues we are addressing are the location of Zone Servers and the communication between players and Zone Servers.
Fate of antigen in xenotransplantation: implications for acute vascular rejection and accommodation. (1998)

Antigen down-modulation plays a critical role in xenotransplants involving humoral responses against the Forssman antigen and may play a role in the long-term survival of ABO-incompatible allografts. The present study investigates the fate of porcine antigens in pig-to-primate xenotransplantation. Human antibodies bound to the glycocalyx of cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells as judged by electron microscopy and were shed from the cell surface in a complex with fibronectin, a glycoprotein that is found in the apical membrane glycocalyx of cultured cells. Antibody was shed in a metabolically dependent process with a t(1/2) of 2 to 3 hours. However, the amount of antigen on the cell surface did not change appreciably within 24 hours, suggesting that antigen modulation did not occur. Over the ensuing days, antigen expression decreased, although the change was always less than 50% of baseline. Changes in antigen expression were due for the most part to changes in expression of alpha-galactosyl residues. Consistent with results obtained in vitro, antigen expression in porcine organ transplants remained at approximately the baseline level as determined by immunofluorescence analysis of IgM binding to graft endothelium. If, as these results suggest, antigen is not down-modulated in pig-to-primate xenotransplantation, then therapies aimed at prolonged xenograft survival must focus on antibody or genetic manipulation of antigen expression.
Users make a Beeline for ZigBee sensor technology (2005)

As wireless-sensor technology improves, an increasing number of organizations are using it for a wide range of purposes. Users are working with the technology to monitor and automate home, building, industrial, and agricultural systems, including thermostats and security products. To achieve technological and marketplace success, the low-power, inexpensive sensor networks need an economical, low-latency, robust, energy-efficient, wireless connectivity infrastructure. With this in mind, users are increasingly working with ZigBee technology.
Queueing analysis of a threshold based priority scheme for ATM networks (1993)

A threshold-based priority scheme in which a tuning parameter is used to provide adequate quality of service to real-time traffic while providing the best possible service to the non-real-time traffic is proposed. The priority scheme is a generalization of the static priority scheme and the one-limited scheme and is more flexible than both. For this scheme, the authors carry out a queueing analysis and obtain the joint distribution of the queue-lengths. They show by numerical examples how the parameter of this scheme can be tuned dynamically, so that the tuning function can be integrated with the call admission policy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Amylin improves the effect of leptin on insulin sensitivity in leptin-resistant diet-induced obese mice (2012)

Leptin enhances insulin sensitivity in addition to reducing food intake and body weight. Recently, amylin, a pancreatic β-cell-derived hormone, was shown to restore a weight-reducing effect of leptin in leptin-resistant diet-induced obesity. However, whether amylin improves the effect of leptin on insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obesity is unclear. Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were infused with either saline (S), leptin (L; 500 μg·kg⁻¹·day⁻¹), amylin (A; 100 μg·kg⁻¹·day⁻¹), or leptin plus amylin (L/A) for 14 days using osmotic minipumps. Food intake, body weight, metabolic parameters, tissue triglyceride content, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity were examined. Pair-feeding and weight-matched calorie restriction experiments were performed to assess the influence of food intake and body weight reduction. Continuous L/A coadministration significantly reduced food intake, increased energy expenditure, and reduced body weight, whereas administration of L or A alone had no effects. L/A coadministration did not affect blood glucose levels during ad libitum feeding but decreased plasma insulin levels significantly (by 48%), suggesting the enhancement of insulin sensitivity. Insulin tolerance test actually showed the increased effect of insulin in L/A-treated mice. In addition, L/A coadministration significantly decreased tissue triglyceride content and increased AMPKα2 activity in skeletal muscle (by 67%). L/A coadministration enhanced insulin sensitivity more than pair-feeding and weight-matched calorie restriction. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the beneficial effect of L/A coadministration on glucose and lipid metabolism in DIO mice, indicating the possible clinical usefulness of L/A coadministration as a new antidiabetic treatment in obesity-associated diabetes.
Slender-Body Theory Based On Approximate Solution of the Transonic Flow Equation (1959)

Approximate solution of the nonlinear equations of the small disturbance theory of transonic flow are found for the pressure distribution on pointed slender bodies of revolution for flows with free-stream, Mach number 1, and for flows that are either purely subsonic or purely supersonic. These results are obtained by application of a method based on local linearization that was introduced recently in the analysis of similar problems in two-dimensional flows. The theory is developed for bodies of arbitrary shape, and specific results are given for cone-cylinders and for parabolic-arc bodies at zero angle of attack. All results are compared either with existing theoretical results or with experimental data.
Matching-based methods for high-performance clock routing (1993)

The authors point out that minimizing clock skew is important in the design of high-performance VLSI systems. A general clock routing scheme that achieves extremely small clock skews while still using a reasonable amount of wirelength is presented. The routing solution is based on the construction of a binary tree using geometric matching. For cell-based designs, the total wirelength of the clock routing tree is on average within a constant factor of the wirelength in an optimal Steiner tree, and in the worst case is bounded by O( square root l/sub 1/l/sub 2/*1 square root n) for n terminals arbitrarily distributed in the l/sub 1/*l/sub 2/ grid. The bottom-up construction readily extends to general cell layouts, where it also achieves essentially zero clock skew within reasonably bounded total wirelength. The algorithms have been tested on numerous random examples and also on layouts of industrial benchmark circuits. The results are very promising: the clock routing yields near-zero average clock skew while using total wirelength competitive with that used by previously known methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Platelet activation in allergic asthma patients during allergen challenge with <i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> (2006)

In allergic asthma patients development of prolonged airway inflammation after allergen challenge is associated with intravascular platelet activation.
Highly Sensitive ZnO Nanowire Acetone Vapor Sensor With Au Adsorption (2008)

In this study, the growth of high-density single-crystalline ZnO nanowires on patterned ZnO:Ga/ SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si templates was reported. We also adsorbed Au onto nanowire surfaces and fabricated ZnO nanowire acetone vapor sensors. With 200-ppm acetone vapor concentration, it was found that we could enhance the device sensitivities at 300deg C from 18.5% to 82.5% by Au adsorption. It was also found that measured responses at 300degC were around 52%, 61%, 71%, 77%, and 82% when the accumulative acetone vapor concentration reached 5, 10, 50, 100, and 200 ppm, respectively, for the ZnO nanowire sensor with Au adsorption.
Morphological and Physiological Changes Induced by High Hydrostatic Pressure in Exponential- and Stationary-Phase Cells of <i>Escherichia coli</i> : Relationship with Cell Death (2004)

The relationship between a loss of viability and several morphological and physiological changes was examined with Escherichia coli strain J1 subjected to high-pressure treatment. The pressure resistance of stationary-phase cells was much higher than that of exponential-phase cells, but in both types of cell, aggregation of cytoplasmic proteins and condensation of the nucleoid occurred after treatment at 200 MPa for 8 min. Although gross changes were detected in these cellular structures, they were not related to cell death, at least for stationary-phase cells. In addition to these events, exponential-phase cells showed changes in their cell envelopes that were not seen for stationary-phase cells, namely physical perturbations of the cell envelope structure, a loss of osmotic responsiveness, and a loss of protein and RNA to the extracellular medium. Based on these observations, we propose that exponential-phase cells are inactivated under high pressure by irreversible damage to the cell membrane. In contrast, stationary-phase cells have a cytoplasmic membrane that is robust enough to withstand pressurization up to very intense treatments. The retention of an intact membrane appears to allow the stationary-phase cell to repair gross changes in other cellular structures and to remain viable at pressures that are lethal to exponential-phase cells.
Characterization of cDNA and Genomic Sequences Encoding Rabbit ELAM-1: Conservation of Structure and Functional Interactions with Leukocytes (1992)

Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) is a cytokine-inducible endothelial cell surface glycoprotein involved in the adherence of neutrophils. ELAM-1 belongs to the selectin family of cell-surface molecules characterized by the general structure of an amino-terminal lectin domain followed by an epidermal growth factor domain, a variable number of complement regulatory elements, a single transmembrane sequence, and a short cytoplasmic tail. To study the in vivo regulation and expression of ELAM-1, we have isolated a complementary DNA (cDNA) clone encoding the rabbit homolog of human ELAM-1. The nucleotide sequence of the rabbit cDNA as well as its deduced amino acid sequence display extensive conservation compared to the human sequences. Rabbit ELAM-1 contains the characteristic protein domain organization of the selectin gene family and shares 74% amino acid identity with its human counterpart. However, rabbit ELAM-1 contains five complement regulatory elements whereas the human protein has six of these elements. Characterization of the genomic sequence encoding rabbit ELAM-1 indicated that individual extracellular protein domains are encoded by distinct exons. The genomic organization of rabbit ELAM-1 parallels that found for the human ELAM-1 gene and is similar to the pattern observed for other selectin family members (GMP-140, Lam-1), consistent with the hypothesis that the selectins evolved by duplication and rearrangement of individual exons. COS cells transiently expressing the rabbit ELAM-1 cDNA mediate the adhesion of rabbit and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and are recognized by antibodies prepared against the human protein. Our results suggest that the specificity of molecular interaction between ELAM-1 and its ligand is highly conserved.
The role of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling in the MPTP-model of Parkinson’s disease (2016)

The tumor necrosis factor like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), mediate inflammation and neuronal apoptosis in cerebral edema, ischemic stroke and multiple sclerosis. The downstream effectors and pathways linked to TWEAK-Fn14 signaling are strongly implicated in the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD), thus indicating a putative role for TWEAK/Fn14 signaling in PD neurodegeneration. Using the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model, we aimed to determine whether genetic ablation or pharmacologic mitigation of the TWEAK protein and its Fn14 receptor affected substantia nigra and striatum Parkinsonian pathology. Changes in endogenous TWEAK protein expression were also quantified in tissue from both MPTP-treated mice and PD human samples. TWEAK protein expression was transiently increased in the striatal tissue but remained unaltered in substantia nigra tissue of MPTP-treated mice. There was also no change of TWEAK protein levels in the substantia nigra or the striatum of human PD patients as compared to matched control subjects. Mitigating the effects of endogenous TWEAK protein using neutralizing antibody did affect MPTP-mediated neurotoxicity in the substantia nigra using the sub-acute model of MPTP (30mg/kg i.p. over five consecutive days). Neither TWEAK nor Fn14 genetic ablation led to attenuation of MPTP-toxicity in the acute model. These findings suggest that TWEAK signaling might be an aspect of MPTP-mediated neuropathology and be involved in the overall neurodegenerative pathology of PD.
Synchronization of sticky notes using cloud (2015)

The Sticky note is a task reminder which reminds to do the assigned job. Sticky notes helps to manage chores and provides short reminders or information that is required in the future. It can also be sent and received on the network. When data are synchronized on a device, data from one device is transferred to other device so that both the device share the same data. The principle objective of this work is to synchronize the data from the sticky note application across several devices that include portable computer, tablets, laptops and mobile phones using the features of the cloud architecture. Hence the data are available to the use anytime and anywhere.
On the structural basis of peptide‐bond formation and antibiotic resistance from atomic structures of the large ribosomal subunit (2004)

The atomic structures of the large ribosomal subunit from Haloarcula marismortui and its complexes with substrates and antibiotics have provided insights into the way the 3000 nucleotide 23S rRNA folds into a compact, specific structure and interacts with 27 ribosomal proteins as well as the structural basis of the peptidyl transferase reaction and its inhibition by antibiotics. The structure shows that the ribosome is indeed a ribozyme.