gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Piezoelectric coaxial filaments produced by coextrusion of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and electrically conductive inner and outer layers (2014)

Abstract The development of new thermoplastic polymer‐based piezoelectric sensors with filament geometry is described. These filaments are appropriate for integration into textiles and provide new possibilities in the design and development of low‐cost flexible sensors produced at high rates. The developed three‐layered piezoelectric monofilaments have been produced by coextrusion using poly(vinylidene fluoride) and two different polypropylene‐based electrically conductive polymers. Filaments with about 800‐µm diameter, producing electrical signals proportional to the mechanical deformation applied, were obtained. The signal output has been found adequate for straightforward use with conventional piezoelectric signal conditioning systems. One of the conductive polymers tested allowed better filament geometry and process stability. This article describes the coextrusion production process and the results obtained in the electromechanical tests performed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40710.
Hollandite-type TiO<sub>2</sub>: a new negative electrode material for sodium-ion batteries (2013)

The electrochemical properties of TiO2 with the hollandite structure (TiO2(H)) as a negative electrode material for sodium-ion batteries are reported. TiO2(H) was obtained from hollandite K0.21TiO2 by an oxidation–ion extraction process. Na/TiO2(H) cells exhibit a large first discharge capacity of 280 mA h g−1 down to 0.2 V. After the first discharge the Na/TiO2(H) cells develop a reversible charge–discharge capacity of 85 mA h g−1 at C/8 rate in the 2.5–0.2 V voltage range; this corresponds to the reversible insertion of 0.25 Na per TiO2(H) formula unit. Chronoamperometry and potentiostatic intermittent titration techniques were used to further characterize the electrochemical reaction mechanism. Structural changes in the TiO2(H) electrode upon sodium insertion and extraction have been studied by ex situ XRD and high resolution in situ synchrotron diffraction techniques, for which appropriately modified coin-type cells were used. It is seen that sodium insertion into TiO2(H) is commenced with a single-phase solid solution followed by a structural transition from tetragonal I4/m to monoclinic I2/m symmetry, in which the skeleton framework is retained. The reversible transition includes few structural changes with a small volume change of only 1.1%. Fourier difference maps deduced from SXRD patterns revealed the location of Na ions in 4i sites in the tunnel space. The coordination arrangement around Na ions is distorted capped trigonal prisms formed by seven oxygen atoms. Although still far from the theoretical capacity (335 mA h g−1), the cycling properties at a low insertion potential together with the host framework stability indicate the feasibility of TiO2 with the hollandite structure as a negative electrode material for Na-ion batteries.
Triphenylmethane Dyes Containing the Hydrazine Group and Their Condensation Products with Aldehydes (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriphenylmethane Dyes Containing the Hydrazine Group and Their Condensation Products with AldehydesLester P. Kuhn and Louis. DeAngelisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 9, 3084–3088Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01177a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01177a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fast synthetic vision, memory, and learning models for virtual humans (2003)

The paper presents a simple and efficient method of modeling synthetic vision, memory, and learning for autonomous animated characters in real time virtual environments. The model is efficient in terms of both storage requirements and update times, and can be flexibly combined with a variety of higher level reasoning modules or complex memory rules. The design is inspired by research in motion planning, control, and sensing for autonomous mobile robots. We apply this framework to the problem of quickly synthesizing from navigation goals the collision-free motions for animated human figures in changing virtual environments. We combine a low level path planner, a path following controller and cyclic motion capture data to generate the underlying animation. Graphics rendering hardware is used to simulate the visual perception of a character, providing a feedback loop to the overall navigation strategy. The synthetic vision and memory update rules can handle dynamic environments where objects appear, disappear, or move around unpredictably. The resulting model is suitable for a variety of real time applications involving autonomous animated characters.
Location utility-based map reduction (2015)

Maps used for navigation often include a database of location descriptions for place recognition (loop closing), which permits bounded-error performance. A standard pose-graph SLAM system adds a new entry for every new pose into the location database, which grows linearly and unbounded in time and thus becomes unsustainable. To address this issue, in this paper we propose a new map-reduction approach that pre-constructs a fixed-size place-recognition database amenable to the limited storage and processing resources of the vehicle by exploiting the high-level structure of the environment as well as the vehicle motion. In particular, we introduce the concept of location utility - which encapsulates the visitation probability of a location and its spatial distribution relative to nearby locations in the database - as a measure of the value of potential loop-closure events to occur at that location. While finding the optimal reduced location database is NP-hard, we develop an efficient greedy algorithm to sort all the locations in a map based on their relative utility without access to sensor measurements or the vehicle trajectory. This enables pre-determination of a generic, limited-size place-recognition database containing the N best locations in the environment. To validate the proposed approach, we develop an open-source street-map simulator using real city-map data and show that an accurate map (pose-graph) can be attained even when using a place-recognition database with only 1% of the entries of the corresponding full database.
Dear SIRS, I'm sorry to say that I don't like you (1997)

Journal Article
A Study of Sulphur Sensitization at Definite Silver Bromide Crystal Faces (1965)

Sulphur digestion of homodisperse emulsions with regular cubic AgBr grains led to an increase of threshold sensitivity vs. ripening time. A sensitivity decrease and a substantially higher rate of Ag2S-formation however has been observed under the same experimental conditions with emulsions containing perfect AgBr octahedra. This can be explained by a consideration of different nucleation mechanisms on (100) and (III) crystal faces and the formation of numerous sensitivity centres on (III) faces which compete in electron capture thus causing a sensitivity decrease.
Incas: a cycle accurate model of UltraSPARC (2002)

This paper describes a cycle accurate model of the UltraSPARC processor. The model is written in C++, and is built on top of a powerful programming framework with a built-in message-passing mechanism and a timing discipline for simulating concurrent modules. The goal was to help verify the processor by cross checking the RTL model at run time, as well as to provide accurate performance estimates. Because of Incas' much faster execution rate than the RTL, it was also used to model the UItraSPARC module in RTL simulations of the full system, for compiler and library tuning, and for diagnostics development.
Transient increase of phosphatidylcholine in plant cells in response to phosphate deprivation (2003)

In plants, phosphate deprivation is normally known to decrease the phospholipid content consistent with a mobilization of the phosphate reserve, and conversely to increase non-phosphorous membrane lipids such as digalactosyldiacylglycerol. We report here that unexpectedly, at an early stage of phosphate starvation, phosphatidylcholine (PC) increases transiently. We also show that a significant pool of diacylglycerol (DAG) with the same fatty acid composition as that of PC is present and moreover increases in response to phosphate deprivation. The evolution of the molecular profile of the newly synthesized galactolipids is compatible with a utilization of DAG accumulating from PC hydrolysis, achieved after selection of their acyl molecular species by the galactolipid synthesizing enzymes.
Synthesis of 2‐Phenylthiazoles from α‐Tosyloxyketones and Thiobenzamide in [Bmim][PF<sub>6</sub>] Ionic Liquid at Ambient Temperature (2006)

Abstract The room temperature ionic liquid, 1‐ n ‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim][PF 6 ] is used as a ‘green’ recyclable alternative to classical molecular solvents for the cyclocondensation of α‐tosyloxyketones with thiobenzamide to prepare 2‐phenylthiazoles in good yields.
Does host range influence susceptibility of herbivorous insects to non‐host plant proteinase inhibitors? (1995)

Abstract We examined the influence of proteinase inhibitors on digestive enzymes and development of oriental beetle, Exomala orientalis Waterhouse, European chafer, Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky), Phyllophaga white grub, Phyllophaga anxia (LeConte), cranberry root grub, Lichnanthe vulpina (Hentz), Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman, Asiatic garden beetle, Maladera castanea (Arrow) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), and the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Rottemburg) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). We demonstrated that all species within our test group had alkaline midguts that contained proteinase activity that could be inhibited, in vitro with serine proteinase inhibitors. Our data suggests that host range may influence the susceptibility to non‐host inhibitors. Chronic ingestion of the serine proteinase inhibitor, Kunitz‐soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI), significantly reduced proteolytic activity in vivo in those species with relatively specialized feeding habits (i.e., cranberry root grub, Japanese beetle, Asiatic garden beetle, and black cutworm). Chronic ingestion of STI also resulted in reduced larval growth and delayed pupation for black cutworm, and elevated larval mortality for Japanese beetle. However, chronic ingestion of STI did not influence larval survival for those species with relatively generalized feeding habits (i.e., oriental beetle, European chafer). Based on these results, we propose mechanistically‐based criteria for selecting proteinase inhibitors for phytochemical defense against herbivorous insects.
Algorithms for Offshore Wind Farm Layout Optimization (2008)

Offshore wind energy is positioned to facilitate substantial growth in wind energy production, but further reductions in the cost of energy will strengthen its ability to compete directly with other energy generating technologies. One simple solution is the optimal use of current technologies. To this end, this study investigates the use of optimization algorithms for offshore wind farm micrositing. First, a discussion is given of five different types of optimization algorithms: gradient search, heuristic, pattern search, simulated annealing, and evolutionary algorithms. The relevance of each algorithm to wind turbine micrositing is then evaluated by considering two separate objectives: minimization of the levelized production cost and maximization of the energy production. The genetic and greedy heuristic algorithms are further evaluated through the use of design simulations. Finally, these algorithms are employed to optimize the layout of a potential, real-world offshore wind farm near Hull, Massachusetts.
Improving Production Results in Monobore, Deepwater and Extended Reach Wells (2002)

Abstract Big bore completions (i.e., those using 6-5/8-in. and larger production tubulars) are required for economical production and injection in prolific reservoirs. A variety of completion configurations exist, though only the most traditional schemes have been discussed. This paper will present the results of a study that analyzed and evaluated more than 350 large bore completions over a 20-year span to determine best practices. The study formed the basis for a new approach to well design that merges wellbore construction with the completion. The paper will discuss this approach, which includes a classification system to help operators choose the optimum design to match their completion objective. This paper will begin by reviewing the big monobore concept, discuss various enabling technologies and their opportunity to increase production while reducing costs, review configuration choices with case histories and conclude with a case history that illustrates how the big monobore concept is evolving in the world's largest gas field.
Comparing positive and negative tone development process for printing the metal and contact layers of the 32- and 22-nm nodes (2010)

A strong demand exists for techniques that extend application of ArF immersion lithography. Besides techniques such as litho-friendly design, dual exposure/patterning schemes, customized illumination, alternative processing schemes are also viable candidates. One of the most promising alternative flows uses image reversal by means of a negative tone development (NTD) step with a Fujifilm solvent-based developer. Traditionally, contact and trench printing uses a dark-field mask in combination with positive tone resist and positive tone development. With NTD, the same features are printed in positive resist using light-field masks, and consequently with better image contrast. We present an overview of NTD applications, comparing the NTD performance to that of the traditional development. Experimental work is performed at a 1.35 numerical aperture, targeting the contact/metal layers of the 32- and 22-nm nodes. For contact printing, we consider both single- and dual-exposure schemes for regular arrays and 2-D patterns. For trench printing, we study 1-D, line end, and 2-D patterns. We also assess the etch capability and critical dimension uniformity performance of the NTD process. We proves the added value of NTD. It enables us to achieve a broader pitch range and/or smaller litho targets, which makes NTD attractive for the most advanced lithography applications, including double patterning.
[Fe3O(OCOR)6L3]+-catalyzed epoxidation of olefinic alcohol acetates by molecular oxygen (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT[Fe3O(OCOR)6L3]+-catalyzed epoxidation of olefinic alcohol acetates by molecular oxygenSatoru Ito, Koh Inoue, and Masakatsu MastumotoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 23, 6450–6452Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00387a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00387a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acoustic Directional Surveying Instrument (1987)

ABSTRACT A new type of acoustic detector capable of determining the direction of a noise source has been developed. Wire-line operation of this tool has been successfully carried out at bore-hole pressures greater than 70 bar. With granite transmission, directional detection of 1° – 2° accuracy, and at ranges up to 200 metres have been achieved. Detectable acoustic sources include drill-bit noise and pulses, such as sparking tool. The sensing element of this device is a symmetric resonator whose flexural vibrational modes are readily excited by an external acoustic source. The physical principle is that the nodal angles are pinned to the acoustic propagation direction, this determining the noise direction relative to the device. The vibration pattern is measured and processed to provide such directional data. The total sensing system is encapsulated in oil which serves to receive and communicate acoustic signals. This paper presents experimental results relating to various environments, and assesses the potential for bore-hole logging and well blow-out location.
Structurally Ordered Polythiophene Nanoparticles for High‐Performance Organic Thin‐Film Transistors (2005)

Structurally ordered organic semiconductor nanoparticles, which form a stable nanoparticle dispersion in an appropriate liquid, are generated from regioregular poly(3,3‴-didodecylquarterthiophene) (PQT-12). This dispersion enables facile solution fabrication of high-performance semiconductor layers composed of extensive crystalline domains of lamellar π–π stacks (see Figure), yielding organic thin-film transistors with excellent field-effect-transistor properties.
Improvement of the shunt active power filter dynamic performance (2008)

This paper describes the proposed active power filter (APF) with a modified output inverter. When the value of load current changes rapidly, the APF transient response is too slow, the line current suffers from dynamic distortion. This distortion causes an increase of harmonic content in the line current, which is dependent on a time constant. The APF control current dynamics is dependent on the inverter output time constant consisting of APF output inductance and resultant impedance of load and mains. According to this modification the APF dynamics are improved. The Matlab simulation results of the modified APF are also presented in the paper. As an example a control circuit for a three-phase 75 kVA parallel active power filter (APF) is used.
Enzymatic Kinetic Rate and End-Point Analyses of Substrate, by Use of a GeMSAEC Fast Analyzer (1972)

Abstract Enzymatic substrate analysis is an attractive means of analysis in clinical chemistry because of its sensitivity and specificity. The GeMSAEC Fast Analyzer, in conjunction with a small computer, provides a means of performing routine enzymatic substrate analysis and offers the following advantages: (a) selectivity of approaches to enzymatic analysis, i.e., end-point or kinetic; (b) essentially parallel analyses of multiple samples, yielding a unique method for performing kinetic fixed-time analysis; (c) on-line data reduction, resulting in rapid calculation and output of results and the minimization of data handling errors; and (d) a small reagent volume per test (400 µl), which reduces the cost of analysis. The analysis of substrate with enzymatic end-point and kinetic procedures is examined by use of a computer-interfaced Fast Analyzer. Computer programs were written to facilitate this study. Glucose (hexokinase/GPD), urea (urease/GMD), and uric acid (uricase) have been used as examples in evaluating both end-point and kinetic analyses. The advantages and limitations of each type of analysis are presented, with the emphasis being placed on enzymatic substrate analysis and means by which the computer-interfaced Fast Analyzer can facilitate both end-point and kinetic analyses.
Design and Implementation of a Benchmark Testing Infrastructure for the DL System Racer (2004)

We present an approach for developing an infrastructure to standardize the creation of benchmark tests for DL systems. We introduce a tool with a graphical user interface that supports and standardises the creation and execution of test benchmarks for the DL system Racer. We will discuss its functionality and implementation in detail.
Mitogenic Effect of Beryllium Sulfate on Mouse B Lymphocytes but Not T Lymphocytes in vitro (1987)

Beryllium metal and its salts can produce disease in man and in animal models. Beryllium disease is thought to involve cell-mediated immunity and an antigen-dependent response by beryllium-specific T cells. Beryllium salts have been shown to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and release of lymphokines, and to induce granuloma formation and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in mice, guinea pigs and man. The studies described here were designed to test the hypothesis that a second lymphocyte population, B cells, may be responding nonspecifically to beryllium. Different populations of BDF1 mouse lymphocytes were cultured in the presence of varying concentrations of beryllium sulfate (BeSO4), and the increase in 125-iodouracildeoxyriboside uptake after 72 h in culture was determined. The data show that BeSO4 is weakly mitogenic for normal mouse spleen cells. Furthermore, BeSO4 is mitogenic for normal and nude mouse spleen B cells and not for spleen T cells or thymocytes in vitro. These findings suggest that BeSO4 can stimulate B cells nonspecifically, and support the hypothesis that polyclonal activation of B cells by beryllium may occur.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and hypothermia. (1986)

Current basic life support (BLS) protocols do not address the physiologic effects of accidental hypothermia in prehospital care. The extreme levels of bradycardia, bradypnea, and peripheral vasoconstriction that often accompany profound hypothermia may complicate the accurate diagnosis of cardiopulmonary arrest in the unmonitored patient. Although CPR is indicated in the truly pulseless, apneic victim of hypothermia, chest compressions may convert nonpalpable but adequately perfusing sinus bradycardia to ventricular fibrillation. This dilemma had led to disagreement among clinicians and researchers in hypothermia about prehospital care protocols for the severely hypothermic patient. This article reviews the controversy and recommends the application of a normal BLS protocol to hypothermic patients presenting in apparent cardiopulmonary arrest.