gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessing the impact of individual sensor reliability within smart living environments (2008)

The potential of smart living environments to provide a form of independent living for the ageing population is becoming more recognised. These environments are comprised of sensors which are used to assess the state of the environment, some form of information management to process the sensor data and finally a suite of actuators which can be used to change the state of the environment. When providing a form of support which may impinge upon the well being of the end user it is essential that a high degree of reliability can be maintained. Within this paper we present an information management framework to process sensor based data within smart environments. Based on this framework we assess the impact of sensor reliability on the classification of activities of daily living. From this assessment we show how it is possible to identify which sensors within a given set of experiments can be considered to be the most critical and as such consider how this information may be used for managing sensor reliability from a practical point of view.
Design Considerations of Sinusoidally Excited Permanent-Magnet Machines for Low-Torque-Ripple Applications (2005)

Several high-performance motor drive applications require the motor drive to produce smooth torque with very stringent torque-ripple requirement. This paper is focused on various machine design considerations that can be used in reducing the torque ripple of a sinusoidally excited permanent-magnet brushless dc motor. The paper quantifies the various sources of torque ripple, which may be minimized by appropriate design considerations. The paper discusses the factors influencing the harmonic content of the induced voltage, effect of slot/pole combination, winding distribution, and magnetic saturation. Design optimization is directed to minimize cogging torque and the harmonic contents in the back electromotive force, thus reducing the overall torque ripple. Comprehensive finite-element (FE) analysis along with experimental data are provided to validate the theory. The research demonstrates that saturation in the magnetic circuit is another major contributor to the torque ripple and torque nonlinearity as the current increases. A model is developed to study the saturation effect on torque linearity and is verified by FE simulation. Design techniques have been provided to minimize the overall torque ripple and increase the torque linearity.
A low cost and high throughput magnetic bead-based immuno-agglutination assay in confined droplets (2013)

Although passive immuno-agglutination assays consist of one step and simple procedures, they are usually not adapted for high throughput analyses and they require expensive and bulky equipment for quantitation steps. Here we demonstrate a low cost, multimodal and high throughput immuno-agglutination assay that relies on a combination of magnetic beads (MBs), droplets microfluidics and magnetic tweezers. Antibody coated MBs were used as a capture support in the homogeneous phase. Following the immune interaction, water in oil droplets containing MBs and analytes were generated and transported in Teflon tubing. When passing in between magnetic tweezers, the MBs contained in the droplets were magnetically confined in order to enhance the agglutination rate and kinetics. When releasing the magnetic field, the internal recirculation flows in the droplet induce shear forces that favor MBs redispersion. In the presence of the analyte, the system preserves specific interactions and MBs stay in the aggregated state while in the case of a non-specific analyte, redispersion of particles occurs. The analyte quantitation procedure relies on the MBs redispersion rate within the droplet. The influence of different parameters such as magnetic field intensity, flow rate and MBs concentration on the agglutination performances have been investigated and optimized. Although the immuno-agglutination assay described in this work may not compete with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in terms of sensitivity, it offers major advantages regarding the reagents consumption (analysis is performed in sub microliter droplet) and the platform cost that yields to very cheap analyses. Moreover the fully automated analysis procedure provides reproducible analyses with throughput well above those of existing technologies. We demonstrated the detection of biotinylated phosphatase alkaline in 100 nL sample volumes with an analysis rate of 300 assays per hour and a limit of detection of 100 pM.
<title>Position control of a flexible gantry robot arm using smart actuators</title> (1998)

This paper presents new feedback actuators to achieve an accurate position control of a flexible gantry robot arm. The translational motion in the plane is generated by two d.c. motors and controlled by employing electro-rheological (ER) clutch actuators. The generated motion can be continuously controlled by controlling the intensity of electric fields imposed to the ER fluid domains of bi- directional rotating ER clutches. On the other hand, during control action of the translational motion, a flexible arm attached to the moving part produces undesirable oscillations due to its inherent flexibility. The oscillations are actively suppressed by employing feedback voltage to the piezoceramic actuator bonded on the surface of the flexible arm. Consequently, an accurate position control at the end-point of the flexible arm can be achieved. In order to accomplish this control target, the governing equations of the proposed system are derived and rewritten as transfer functions to design a robust H<SUB>(infinity</SUB> ) controller. The control electric fields to be applied to the ER clutch and the control voltage for the piezoceramic actuator are determined via the loop shaping design procedures in the H<SUB>(infinity</SUB> ) control technique. Control results are provided to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Sound velocity and attenuation in bubbly gels measured by transmission experiments (2008)

Measurements of the phase velocity and attenuation of sound in concentrated samples of bubbly gels are presented. Hair gel was used as a matrix material to obtain well characterized distributions of bubbles. Ultrasonic measurements were conducted over a large range of frequencies, including the resonance frequencies of the bubbles. Surprisingly good agreement with Foldy's prediction was found, even for monodisperse samples at resonance frequencies, up to volume fraction of 1%. Beyond this concentration, the effects of high-order multiple scattering were observed. These results support the feasability of ultrasonic techniques to investigate the size distribution of bubbles in a weak gel or liquid.
Levels of CD5 <sup>+</sup> B lymphocytes do not differ between patients with myasthenia gravis and healthy individuals (1992)

CD5+ B cells might be involved in autoimmunity mainly as autoantibody-producing cells. To investigate the possible role of these cells in myasthenia gravis, we studied the numbers of CD5+ B cells, CD5- B cells, and CD19+ B cells as well as CD5+ T cells in the peripheral blood from 31 patients with myasthenia gravis and 31 healthy individuals. Both absolute percentages (percent of peripheral blood mononuclear cells) and relative percentages (percent of total CD19+ B cells) of CD5+ B cells were the same in patients as in controls. The numbers of CD5- B cells and CD19+ B cells were the same in both groups, whereas CD5+ T cells were lower in the patients. There was no correlation between clinical stage, sex, thymectomy, or pathology of thymus and the levels of CD5+ B cells, CD5- B cells, or CD19+ B cells. Patients treated with azathioprine had lower levels of CD5+ B cells than untreated patients and controls. Our results show that patients with myasthenia gravis have the same levels of CD5+ B cells as healthy individuals.
Structural Analysis of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type E Catalytic Domain and Its Mutant Glu212→Gln Reveals the Pivotal Role of the Glu212 Carboxylate in the Catalytic Pathway<sup>,</sup> (2004)

The seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins (A-G) produced by Clostridium botulinum share significant sequence homology and structural similarity. The functions of their individual domains and the modes of action are also similar. However, the substrate specificity and the peptide bond cleavage selectivity of their catalytic domains are different. The reason for this unique specificity of botulinum neurotoxins is still baffling. If an inhibitor leading to a therapeutic drug common to all serotypes is to be developed, it is essential to understand the differences in their three-dimensional structures that empower them with this unique characteristic. Accordingly, high-resolution structures of all serotypes are required, and toward achieving this goal the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of C. botulinum neurotoxin type E has been determined to 2.1 A resolution. The crystal structure of the inactive mutant Glu212-->Gln of this protein has also been determined. While the overall conformation is unaltered in the active site, the position of the nucleophilic water changes in the mutant, thereby causing it to lose its ability to activate the catalytic reaction. The structure explains the importance of the nucleophilic water and the charge on Glu212. The structural differences responsible for the loss of activity of the mutant provide a common model for the catalytic pathway of Clostridium neurotoxins since Glu212 is conserved and has a similar role in all serotypes. This or a more nonconservative mutant (e.g., Glu212-->Ala) could provide a novel, genetically modified protein vaccine for botulinum.
Influence of Bacteria in a Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Solution on the Growth Habit of Crystals (1987)

We found that bacteria present in a potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) solution affect the growth habit of the KDP crystals. Hillocks appeared only on the tapered prismatic surfaces of the crystals grown in solution containing live bacteria. One possible mechanism of this hillock formation is a biochemical reaction between the live bacteria and the KDP crystal.
ID based bandwidth-length interleaver design for non-orthogonal multiple access OFDM systems (2017)

In this paper, we propose a simple terminal identification (ID) based interleaver design for interleave division multiple access (IDMA) systems. The unique bit-level permutation pattern generated by the proposed design only requires user terminal ID that can be considered a-priori knowledge to the receiver, as it is a user-specific way to differentiate uplink signals sharing a common time and frequency resource. It is shown that relatively short interleaver design with deterministic design offers almost the same level of performance as the conventional full bit-level codeword-long interleaving sequence length.
4H-Benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophenes and 9,10-dihydro derivatives - Sulfonium analogues of pizotifen and ketotifen; Chirality of ketotifen; Synthesis of the 2-bromo derivative of ketotifen (1989)

Reaction of ketone IX with 4-tetrahydrothiopyranylmagnesium bromide and the following dehydration with thionyl chloride afforded the sulfide III which was transformed to the methiodide II (sulfonium analogue of pizotifen). Similar sequence starting from the ketone XXIV and concluded by dehydration of the alcohol XX , cleavage of the enol ether, and by treatment with methyl iodide resulted in the formation of the sulfonium analogue of ketotifen ( V ). Three modified routes leading to ketotifen ( IV ) are being described. The chirality of ketotifen was proven by 1 H NMR spectroscopy with the help of the optically active NMR shift reagent. The resolution of racemic ketotifen ( IV ) was achieved by crystallization of salts with optically active O,O'-diacyltartaric acids and homogeneous enantiomers were obtained. The X-ray crystallographic analysis of (+)- IV (-)-O,O'-di( p -toluoyl)-( R )-tartarate led to the three-dimensional structure of the molecule of (+)-ketotifen which enabled to determine its absolute configuration to be ( R ). One of the products of bromination of the ketone IX , the following methanolysis and dehydrobromination, identified as XXVII , was transformed by reaction with 1-methyl-4-piperidylmagnesium chloride, by the following acid-catalyzed dehydration, and cleavage of the enol ether to the 2-bromo derivative of ketotifen XXXIV . ( R ) (+)-Ketotifen ( IV ) was found to be the more active ketotifen enantiomer but the stereoselectivity of its action is only a partial one. The 2-bromo derivative of ketotifen ( XXXIV ) is much less active than ketotifen in the line of antihistamine activity.
[Effects of high mobility group box 1 in activating periodontal ligament fibroblasts to express cytokine]. (2010)

Increased ratio of RANKL/OPG and IL-6 on periodontal ligament fibroblasts suggests that HMGB1 might play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease.
Concentrated emulsions. 3. Studies on the influence of continuous-phase viscosity, volume fraction, droplet size, and temperature on emulsion viscosity (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcentrated emulsions. 3. Studies on the influence of continuous-phase viscosity, volume fraction, droplet size, and temperature on emulsion viscosityAshok K. Das, Doble Mukesh, V. Swayambunathan, Dilip D. Kotkar, and Pushpito K. GhoshCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 10, 2427–2436Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00046a015https://doi.org/10.1021/la00046a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1046Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Models of Computations and Systems—Evaluation of Vertex Probabilities in Graph Models of Computations (1967)

This paper concerns itself with the modeling of computations and systems and the generation of a priori estimates of expected computation time for given problems on given processing systems. In particular, methods are discussed for determining the probabilities of reaching vertices in a graph model of computations.
A 12-week dose-escalating study of etelcalcetide (ONO-5163/AMG 416),  a novel intravenous calcimimetic, for secondary hyperparathyroidism in  Japanese hemodialysis patients (2017)

Dose-escalated triweekly etelcalcetide was effective for SHPT in Japanese hemodialysis patients and was satisfactorily tolerated. .
Shifting Genetic Structure of Invasive Serotype 19A Pneumococci in the United States (2011)

Sero19A rates may have plateaued; however, clonal shifts are increasing resistance. Increased IPD caused by CC320/271(19A) and CC695(19A) could reflect additional selective advantages in addition to resistance.
Enforcing mandatory and discretionary security in workflow management systems* (1997)

Workflow management systems (WFMS) support the modeling and coordinated execution of processes within an organization. As advances in workflow management take place, they are also required to support security. This paper makes two major contributions to the area of workflow management. First, it sh ows how both mandatory and discretionary security can be incorporated into WFMS. Second, it provides a formal framework, based on Petri nets (PNs), for modeling workflows. Such a theoretical model is necessary for a standard conceptual representation as well as for analyzing the workflows. This paper first presents a Petri Net based model, called color timed Petri net (CTPN), which is capable of modeling the attributes of both multilevel and discretionary security. With respect to the issue of mandatory security, this paper proposes a multilevel secure workflow transaction model and identifies the task dependencies in a workflow that cannot be enforced in order to meet multilevel security constraints. It shows how CTPN can be used to represent various types of task dependencies and shows how the task dependencies violating security can be automatically detected and prevented by building a secure Petri net (SPN) from CTPN. With respect to the issue of discretionary access control, this paper proposes a workflow authorization model (WAM) that is capable of specifying authorizations in such a way that subjects gain access to required objects only during the execution of the task, thus synchronizing the authorization flow with the workflow. To achieve this synchronization, an authorization template (AT) is associated with each task that allows appropriate authorizations to be granted only when the task starts and to be revoked when the task finishes. This paper also presents how this synchronization can be implemented using CTPN. We argue that Petri net is a suitable tool for modeling workflows because of its rich set of analysis techniques. Properties such as safety of workflows (i.e., whether a workflow terminates in an acceptable state) and safety of WAM can be tested using the already available analysis techniques of PNs.
A Low-Power Visual-Horizon Estimation Chip (2008)

Recent successes in the construction of micro aerial vehicles (< 15 cm) have highlighted the lack of real-time sensors for flight control. This paper describes a low-power real-time visual-horizon sensor for stabilizing the pitch and roll of miniature aircraft in moderate-to-high-altitude flight. This prototype sensor uses a 12 times 12 photoreceptor array to find a best-fit horizon line based on image intensity. The sensor includes a "confidence-level" output for signaling poor sensing conditions and can scan out the image. The chip was fabricated in a commercially available 0.5- mum CMOS process and operates on less than 2.5 mW with a 5-V power supply.
Evaluating the Vulnerability of Network Traffic Using Joint Security and Routing Analysis (2008)

Joint analysis of security and routing protocols in wireless networks reveals vulnerabilities of secure network traffic that remain undetected when security and routing protocols are analyzed independently. We formulate a class of continuous metrics to evaluate the vulnerability of network traffic as a function of security and routing protocols used in wireless networks. We develop two complementary vulnerability definitions using set theoretic and circuit theoretic interpretations of the security of network traffic, allowing a network analyst or an adversary to determine weaknesses in the secure network. We formalize node capture attacks using the vulnerability metric as a nonlinear integer programming minimization problem and propose the GNAVE algorithm, a Greedy Node capture Approximation using Vulnerability Evaluation. We discuss the availability of security parameters to the adversary and show that unknown parameters can be estimated using probabilistic analysis. We demonstrate vulnerability evaluation using the proposed metrics and node capture attacks using the GNAVE algorithm through detailed examples and simulation.
Database Support for Versions and Alternatives of Large Design Files (1984)

We identify the roles played by design versions and alternatives in an engineering database. The obvious way to implement versions is to maintain each in a separate collection of files. Because several versions must be kept on line in a design environment, the approach leads to large disk requirements. We develop B-tree-based storage structures to encode versions as ``negative'' differential files. Our objective is to keep the disk requirements small. We discuss the effect of enormous amounts of cheap archival storage (write-once optical digital disks) on the proposed structures. We have implemented versions in the Wisconsin storage system (WiSS), an experimental database component developed at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Identification of alpha-tropomyosin as a target self-antigen in Behçet's syndrome (2002)

Behçet's syndrome is a multi-system inflammatory disease affecting mainly the oral and urogenital mucosa and the uveal tract. The etiology and pathogenesis of Behçet's syndrome are unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms are implicated. We initiated this work to identify self-antigens targeted by patients with Behçet's syndrome. We used patient sera to immuno-blot tissue lysates, and we found that some patients manifest antibodies to a 37-kDa band. The 37-kDa band was detected in extracts of skin, tongue, vagina, muscle and heart but not in brain, kidney, lung, liver, intestine and thymus. In-gel digestion and mass spectrometry revealed the band to be alpha-tropomyosin. Autoimmunity to alpha-tropomyosin can be pathogenic; immunized Lewis rats developed lesions in the uveal tract and skin, with features of Behçet's disease.
THE ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE AT LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY (1988)

The Advanced Light Source (ALS) at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL), scheduled to be operational in the spring of 1993 as a US Department of Energy national user facility, will be a next- generation source of soft x-ray and ultraviolet (XUV) synchrotron radiation. Undulators will provide the world's brightest synchrotron radiation at photon energies from below 10 eV to above 2 keV; wiggler and bend-magnet radiation will extend the spectral coverage with high fluxes above 10 keV. These capabilities will support an extensive research program in a broad spectrum of scientific and technological areas in which XUV radiation is used to study and manipulate matter in all its varied gaseous, liquid, and solid forms. The ALS will also serve those interested in developing the fabrication technology for micro- and nanostructures, as well as characterizing them.