gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultra-deep low-frequency sub-bottom profiler for AUV and ROV (2008)

Acoustical techniques for ultra-deep sub-bottom exploration are still little investigated. IXSEA and IFREMER have launched in 2006 the development of a new deep-sea low-frequency sub-bottom profiler, working up to 6000 meters depth. Based on the Janus-Helmholtz broadband technology, two acoustic sources have been modelled, achieved and in-tank and at-sea measured : a single transducer working in the [1.8, 6.2 kHz] frequency band, and a three-transducer array operating in the [2, 8 kHz] frequency band. In both cases, vertical resolution is better that 20 cm. Comparison between finite element modelling and in-tank measurements is presented, together with the specific constraints linked to very-deep water and AUV mounting. Power electronics and impedance matching unit have been specifically optimised to deliver a sound level of 190 dB (ref. 1 μPa @ 1 m), with 48 VDC supply voltage and 250 W available electric power. The receiving part is made up of a three-hydrophone array with a loss of sensitivity lower than 1 dB between 0 and 600 bar. This ultra-deep light system has been mounted on an IFREMER's AUV and the first results at sea are presented and discussed.
A Comparative Study of Masking Fluids for Excimer Laser Phototherapeutic Keratectomy (1991)

Several fluids of different viscosity were used to mask deeper tissues while exposing protruding irregularities during therapeutic keratectomy of an irregular anterior corneal surface with the 193-nm argon fluoride excimer laser. A model of an irregular anterior corneal surface was developed in deepithelialized calf eyes using grade 8-0 sandpaper. Therapeutic keratectomy was then performed on 28 eyes at a fluence of 180 mJ/cm2, a repetition rate of 10 Hz, and 500 pulses per eye. Solutions of 0.3% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 2910 and a 0.1% dextran 70 solution, 1% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution, or 0.9% saline solution were applied to the corneal surface of 21 eyes. Seven control eyes underwent ablation without the addition of fluid. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that corneas treated with dextran 70 had the least surface irregularity, and those treated with carboxymethylcellulose or saline solution had intermediate surface irregularity. Corneas that were ablated without additional fluid had the greatest surface irregularity. The application of a moderately viscous solution during therapeutic excimer laser keratectomy enhances the smoothing effect of surface ablation.
Longitudinal study of heart size in older people. (1976)

Transverse cardiac diameter and transverse thoracic diameter were measured in a longitudinal study of older men and women at the original examination and after five years. The cardiothoracic ratio overestimated 5-year changes in heart size, because of significant decreases with age in transverse thoracic diameter. A regression equation to predict transverse cardiac diameter from age and weight had been previously computed from the data obtained at the initial examination. This was a satisfactory predictor of recorded 5-year changes except in women of 70 years and over at entry to the study in whom the predicted change was significantly larger than the recorded change. This had resulted from the death during the 5 years of women in that age group with larger transverse cardiac diameters.
Comparing projected in-situ feedback at the manual assembly workplace with impaired workers (2015)

With projectors and depth cameras getting cheaper, assistive systems in industrial manufacturing are becoming increasingly ubiquitous. As these systems are able to continuously provide feedback using in-situ projection, they are perfectly suited for supporting impaired workers in assembling products. However, so far little research has been conducted to understand the effects of projected instructions on impaired workers. In this paper, we identify common visualizations used by assistive systems for impaired workers and introduce a simple contour visualization. Through a user study with 64 impaired participants we compare the different visualizations to a control group using no visual feedback in a real world assembly scenario, i.e. assembling a clamp. Furthermore, we introduce a simplified version of the NASA-TLX questionnaire designed for impaired participants. The results reveal that the contour visualization is significantly better in perceived mental load and perceived performance of the participants. Further, participants made fewer errors and were able to assemble the clamp faster using the contour visualization compared to a video visualization, a pictorial visualization and a control group using no visual feedback.
Chemical Composition of the Bark of <i>Tetrapterys mucronata</i> and Identification of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Constituents (2014)

The secondary metabolite content of Tetrapterys mucronata, a poorly studied plant that is used occasionally in Brazil for the preparation of a psychotropic plant decoction called "Ayahuasca", was determined to establish its chemical composition and to search for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. The ethanolic extract of the bark of T. mucronata exhibited in vitro AChE inhibition in a TLC bioautography assay. To localize the active compounds, biological profiling for AChE inhibition was performed using at-line HPLC-microfractionation in 96-well plates and subsequent AChE inhibition bioautography. The analytical HPLC-PDA conditions were transferred geometrically to a preparative medium-pressure liquid chromatography column using chromatographic calculations for the efficient isolation of the active compounds at the milligram scale. Twenty-two compounds were isolated, of which six are new natural products. The structures of the new compounds (9, 10, 16-18, and 20) were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation. Compounds 1, 5, 6, 9, and 10 inhibited AChE with IC50 values below 15 μM.
The treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (1998)

S64. Consultation-liaison psychiatry 2098 of parents, health problems ofone of the parents, reason of referral, behavioral problems during childhood, school functioning, options offered to the adolescents before referral by the community agents and the therapeutic approaches proposed by the clinicians.
In vitro replication of tobacco mosaic virus RNA in tobacco callus cultures: solubilization of membrane-bound replicase and partial purification (1977)

A fraction containing membrane-bound tobacco mosaic virus RNA replicase was isolated form tobacco mosaic virus-infected tobacco callus cultures. The replicase activity reached a maximum 60 h after inoculation and then declined. The enzyme activity was insensitive to actinomycin D and DNase. The corresponding fraction from healthy callus contained essentially no activity. The viral RNA synthesis in vitro proceeded linearly for 30 min and required the four nucleotide triphosphates and Mg2+ ions. Mn2+ was a poor substitute for Mg2+. During RNA synthesis the product was at least 70% resistant to RNase in 2X SSC (0.15 M NaCl plus 0.015 M sodium citrate), but completely digested by RNase in 0.1X SSC. Analysis of the product by polns) that appeared to be replicative form and a partially RNase-resistant structure similar to replicative intermediate form. Washing the membrane-bound replicase with Mg2+-deficient buffer solubilized enzyme. The solubulized enzyme was further purified by DEAE-Sephadex column chromatography. The DEAE-purified enzyme was nearly completely dependent upon tobacco mosaic virus RNA for activity. Analysis of the product on a sucrose gradient revealed a double-stranded RNA with sedimentation of 16S and smaller heterogeneous RNase-sensitive products.
<i>In Vitro </i>Bioassays for Assessing Estrogenic Substances (1997)

This past summer, United States President Bill Clinton signed into law amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act and Food Quality Protection Act that include clauses requiring the EPA to develop testing procedures for substances that “mimic” the effect of naturally-occurring estrogens. The act requires the testing of substances found in drinking water and all pesticide materials including both active and inert ingredients as well as substances that may have a cumulative or synergistic effect when combined with pesticides. Estimates indicate that this could require the testing of as many as 70 000 chemicals currently used in the United States. EPA, industry, and public interest groups are investigating strategies to develop screening tests by August 1998 in order to implement a program by August 1999 as mandated in the legislation. This review focuses on in vitro assays such as competitive ligand binding, cell proliferation, and estrogen receptor transcription assays, which are currently being used to identify and assess chemicals alleged to possess estrogenic activity. The advantages and limitations of each assay are discussed. The review concludes that complementary in vivo and in vitro assays are required to accurately assess the potential estrogenic activity of any chemical or complex mixture.
Walking control of a dual-planar parallel robot for omni-directional locomotion interface (2005)

This paper presents walking control of a novel omni-directional locomotion interface with a dual-planar parallel robot. The suggested interface can generate infinite floor on planar surfaces, allowing user's upright and turning walking motions. To provide continuous walking in a confined area, a walking control algorithm is suggested for planar surfaces. For continuous walking, each independent platform of the locomotion interface will follow a human foot during the swing phase, while the platforms will move back during single stance phase. For accurate foot tracking control, magnetic trackers are attached on each shoe with careful calibration and transition phases between the swing and the stance phases are detected by using switch system, which is composed of light steel plate, spring, and micro switch. For double limb support, two platforms will manipulate neutral positions to compensate the offset errors generated by velocity change. This algorithm can satisfy natural walking conditions for any directions of planar surfaces. From experimental results, a subject can walk naturally for upright motions without significant limitations, while limitations of maximum yaw angle of 20/spl deg/ are applied to each platform to prevent the collisions of two platforms during turning motions. By using the suggested interface, it is anticipated that a user can interact with virtual normal pathways by real walking including upright and turning motions.
Localisation of the binding site for the initiating substrate on the RNA polymerase from <i>Sulfolobus acidocaldarius</i> (1989)

RNA polymerase from the archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius was chemically modified with AMP o-formylphenyl ester followed by reduction with borohydride. The modified protein catalyzes the labeling of its own largest subunit when incubated with [alpha-33P]UTP in the presence of poly[d(A-T)]. On cleaving of the labeled protein using cyanogen bromide, hydroxylamine or amino acid-specific endoproteinases for a very brief period, the pattern and size of the radioactive fragments formed are best explained by attachment of the label between Gly843 and Met895 of the largest subunit. In this region there exists a highly conserved sequence which is also found in other archaebacterial, eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNA polymerase. This suggests that the binding site for the initiating substrate of RNA polymerases has been conserved during evolution.
The effect of various physical parameters on the size and shape of necrosed tissue volume during ultrasound surgery (1994)

The purpose of this study was to test the concept of using calculated thermal dose as a predictor for the necrosed tissue volume. A parametric study was conducted where the sonication parameters (pulse duration, power), transducer parameters (frequency, F number) and tissue properties (perfusion rate, attenuation) were varied and their effect on the lesion size was investigated. In vivo experiments where a focused ultrasound beam was used to induce tissue necrosis in thigh muscle of dog and rabbit were also conducted to obtain the reliability of the predictions. The experimental and simulated lesion sizes compared well. From the parametric study the threshold intensity for 1- and 5-s sonications were found to be about 1000 and 400 W/cm2, respectively. It was found that the lesion size was practically perfusion independent for pulses 5 s or shorter. The lesion size increases with increased pulse duration, acoustical power, and F number, but decreases with increased frequency provided that the focal intensity is kept constant. It was found also that the deeper the focus is in the tissue, the smaller the frequency range that causes selective tissue necrosis in the focal zone.
Improvement of resistive switching characteristics in ZrO<sub>2</sub>film by embedding a thin TiO<sub><i>x</i></sub>layer (2011)

The stabilization of the resistive switching characteristics is important to resistive random access memory (RRAM) device development. In this paper, an alternative approach for improving resistive switching characteristics in ZrO(2)-based resistive memory devices has been investigated. Compared with the Cu/ZrO(2)/Pt structure device, by embedding a thin TiO(x) layer between the ZrO(2) and the Cu top electrode, the Cu/TiO(x)-ZrO(2)/Pt structure device exhibits much better resistive switching characteristics. The improvement of the resistive switching characteristics in the Cu/TiO(x)-ZrO(2)/Pt structure device might be attributed to the modulation of the barrier height at the electrode/oxide interfaces.
Chronic sensory-motor activity in behaving animals using regenerative multi-electrode interfaces (2014)

Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces have been proposed as viable alternatives for the natural control and feel of robotic prosthetic limbs. We have developed a Regenerative Multi-electrode Interface (REMI) that guides re-growing axons through an electrode array deployed in the lumen of a nerve guide. While acute studies have shown the use of the REMI in the rat sciatic nerve, the quality of chronic signal recording has not been reported. Here we show that implantation of this interface in the sciatic nerve is stable with high quality recordings up to 120 days and failures mainly attributable to abiotic factors related to pedestal detachment and wire breakage. We further tested the interfacing of REMI with fascicles of the sciatic nerve that primarily innervate muscles (tibial) and skin (sural). When implanted into the tibial nerve, bursting activity was observed synchronous to stepping. However, implantation of REMI into the sural nerve failed due to its small size. While fascicles smaller than 300 μm are a challenge for regenerative interfacing, we show that a modified REMI can be used in an insertion mode to record sensory signals from skin. In summary, the REMI represents an effective tool for recording firing patterns of specific axon types during voluntary movement, which may be used to improve the motor control and sensory feedback in closed loop control systems for robotic prosthesis.
Moisture Vapor Transport Behavior of Polyester Knit Fabrics (2005)

A test method that measures microclimate drying time is used to compare the ability of different knit materials to dissipate moisture vapor from a saturated clothing environment to the ambient atmosphere. The performance assessment provided by this novel method is compared with those from common test methods. The latter include measures of the moisture vapor transmission rate provided by the upright cup and the evaporative thermal resistance provided by the sweating guarded hot plate procedure. Upright cup and sweating hot plate measurements are shown to be predominately influenced by fabric thickness, but microclimate drying time, or the time-dependent dissipation of accumulated moisture vapor, assessed by the new method is most influenced by the pore characteristics of the fabric. Moisture vapor transmission through fabrics is assumed to be controlled mostly by fiber, yarn, and fabric variables that determine fabric thickness and porosity. Therefore, constructional variables that lead to thin knit structures, with unobstructed interyarn pores, are shown to be important considerations for designing fabrics with optimum moisture vapor dissipation properties.
Cleanroom compatible anodization cell for 150 mm Si wafers (1996)

A cleanroom compatible anodization cell for use with 150 mm Si wafers has been constructed and tested. The material of construction is polyvinylidene fluoride, Kynar■, with Chemraz■ (elastomeric polytetrafluoroethylene) O-rings used for sealing. The back contact is made through a dilute HF solution, thus eliminating the possibility for metallic contamination which exists for other forms of back contact. Pt electrodes immersed in the back contact and front contact solutions are the primary electrical connection sites. Ellipsometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dilute HF etch rate experiments were used to characterize the as-grown and annealed anodic oxides produced in this cell. Ellipsometric thickness mapping showed excellent lateral oxide uniformity over the entire anodized area; the standard deviations were &lt;2 Å (for oxides ≤100 Å in thickness), &lt;6 Å (for oxides ≤400 Å in thickness), and &lt;10 Å (for oxides &lt;500 Å in thickness). The properties of the oxides, as evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy are essentially identical to those grown on small-area samples using conventional anodization with a metallic back contact.
Syngeneic antiidiotypic immune responses to a B cell lymphoma. Comparison between heavy chain hypervariable region peptides and intact Ig as immunogens. (1985)

The nucleic acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region (VH) expressed by 38C13, a B cell tumor of C3H origin, was determined by a combination of direct (messenger RNA) mRNA sequencing by primer extension and complementary DNA (cDNA) isolation and sequencing in M13. The VH amino acid sequence was deduced, and hypervariable regions were identified. From an analysis of predicted secondary structure, regions of predicted antigenicity were chosen, and a series of synthetic peptides corresponding to CDR2 and CDR3 (complementarity-determining region) were produced. These peptides were coupled to protein carriers and used to immunize syngeneic C3H mice. All peptides gave rise to a vigorous antibody response. However, only the CDR3 peptides induced antibodies that crossreacted with the isolated H chain protein. Only one CDR3 peptide induced antibody-producing clones, isolated as hybridomas, that reacted with the intact IgM protein. However, the appearance of these clones was a low-frequency event. All antibodies reacting with the H chain or the intact IgM protein were idiotypically specific for 38C13. These monoclonal antiidiotype (anti-Id) antibodies, raised against CDR3 peptides, gave strong reactions in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoblots, but they were of low affinity compared to syngeneic anti-Id raised against the intact IgM protein. Moreover, while the intact IgM was capable of inducing tumor immunity, the CDR peptides were not able to do so.
Design methodology and experimental verification of serpentine/folded-waveguide TWTs (2013)

Serpentine or, its cousin, the folded waveguide (FW) traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) are a class of vacuum electronic devices capable of wideband, high-power performance. This was first demonstrated in [1] with several Q-band 2-stage TWTs that produced 135 W of average power and saturated gains of ~30 dB over an impressive 25% instantaneous bandwidth. More recently, a 60 W broadband 220-GHz (G-band) serpentine TWT was designed and demonstrated at NRL [2]. The excellent agreement between prediction and data G-band TWT serves as an experimental validation for our design tools (MAGIC and Neptune particle-in-cell codes, large signal code Tesla, gun/collector code MICHELLE, 3-D electromagnetic code Analyst, etc.) and methodology; a critical step in the design of future amplifiers. This presentation will discuss electromagnetic properties and beam-wave interaction of the serpentine/FW circuit topology, in general, and design methodology to optimize power, gain, and bandwidth for a “zero-drive” stable amplifier, in particular. A novel hybrid-serpentine circuit topology, which combines key advantages of serpentine and FW topologies, will also be presented and discussed.
DOES PROLACTIN MODULATE THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AFTER TRAUMA-HEMORRHAGE? (2002)

Matsutani, T.; Samy, T. S.A.; Schwacha, M. G.; Gensemer, S.; Zheng, R.; Horseman, N. D.; Bland, K. I.; Chaudry, I. H. Author Information
Rhodium-Catalyzed Phenylacetylene Polymerization in Compressed Carbon Dioxide (1999)

Polymerization of phenylacetylene using rhodium catalysts can be carried out with high efficiency in compressed (liquid or supercritical) CO2. Using the complex [(nbd)Rh(acac)] (nbd = 12,5-norbornadiene, acac = acetyl acetonate) as a catalyst precursor, the polymerization rate in CO2 is considerably higher than in conventional solvents such as THF or hexane. The resulting polymers consist of THF-soluble (mainly cis-transoidal) and THF-insoluble (mainly cis-cisoidal) species. The polymer characteristics such as stereoregularity and molecular weight are compared to those obtained by polymerization in conventional solvents. Addition of {4-F(CF2)6(CH2)2C6H4}3P gives rise to a ligand-modified rhodium catalyst with high solubility in compressed CO2 and leads to an increase in selectivity toward the cis-transoidal polymer.
An updated catalogue of salivary gland transcripts in the adult female mosquito,<i>Anopheles gambiae</i> (2005)

Salivary glands of blood-sucking arthropods contain a variety of compounds that prevent platelet and clotting functions and modify inflammatory and immunological reactions in the vertebrate host. In mosquitoes, only the adult female takes blood meals, while both sexes take sugar meals. With the recent description of the Anopheles gambiae genome, and with a set of approximately 3000 expressed sequence tags from a salivary gland cDNA library from adult female mosquitoes, we attempted a comprehensive description of the salivary transcriptome of this most important vector of malaria transmission. In addition to many transcripts associated with housekeeping functions, we found an active transposable element, a set of Wolbachia-like proteins, several transcription factors, including Forkhead, Hairy and doublesex, extracellular matrix components and 71 genes coding for putative secreted proteins. Fourteen of these 71 proteins had matching Edman degradation sequences obtained from SDS-PAGE experiments. Overall, 33 transcripts are reported for the first time as coding for salivary proteins. The tissue and sex specificity of these protein-coding transcripts were analyzed by RT-PCR and microarray experiments for insight into their possible function. Notably, two gene products appeared to be differentially spliced in the adult female salivary glands, whereas 13 contigs matched predicted intronic regions and may include additional alternatively spliced transcripts. Most An. gambiae salivary proteins represent novel protein families of unknown function, potentially coding for pharmacologically or microbiologically active substances. Supplemental data to this work can be found at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/omes/index.html#Ag2.