gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Trade-offs Between Computational Complexity and Accuracy of Electrochemistry-based Battery Models (2019)

In this paper, we propose several simplifications to the so-called Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN) model, which is a popular electrochemistry-based battery model. This simplified DFN (SDFN) model allows for a computationally very efficient implementation. The simplifications are a result of several assumptions, which will be justified for two different parameter sets. Finally, the SDFN model proposed is compared to the DFN model as well as an implementation of the single-particle model, for the two parameter sets. This will show that by making specific assumptions, simplifications can be made that have no significant impact on the model accuracy, while the computation time can be drastically decreased. This leads to a simulation time of over 3600 times faster than real-time.
Extension of quasi-static range finitely conducting Earth-image theory techniques to other ranges (1978)

By a simple extension to the Wait and Spies quasi-static range image theory approximation, it is shown that finitely conducting earth-image theory techniques can also be extended to the near-field and far-field ranges.
Dynamic Storage Allocation on a Multiprocessor (1992)

Many modern programming languages allocate storage from the heap. The dynamic storage allocator allocates and deallocates objects from the heap. Heap objects have indefinite lifetimes. Space occupied by a heap object is not reclaimed until the dynamic storage allocator is explicitly instructed to deallocate the object. The efficiency of the dynamic storage allocator constitutes a crucial component of system performance. A good dynamic storage allocator should utilize storage efficiently and satisfy requests in as few instructions as possible. A dynamic storage allocator on a parallel machine should have the ability to process several requests concurrently.
This thesis studies algorithms for efficiently managing heap storage on high-performance computers. Heap management algorithms are evaluated based on execution speed, parallelism, and memory utilization. Quick fit generally outperformed all other previously published algorithms. Maximum memory utilization was achieved by a best fit algorithm. The best fit algorithm was significantly slower than quick fit, however.
Quick fit achieves fast allocation by segregating small free blocks based on size. A single free list is used for large blocks. Quick fit is fastest when the vast majority of requests are for small blocks. Quick fit slows down as the percentage of requests for large blocks increases. We have developed three new algorithms which are faster than quick fit when the percentage of requests for large blocks is high. Multiple free list fit I (MFLF I) uses multiple free lists for large blocks. Modified quick fit uses a concurrent B-tree for large free blocks. Multiple free list fit II (MFLF II) uses multiple free lists and a concurrent B-tree for large free blocks.
Dynamic storage allocators are compared using simulations and real implementations. Quick fit and MFLF I have been implemented on the Monsoon multiprocessor to support the execution of Id programs.
This thesis also studies concurrent algorithms on both basic B-trees and $B\sp+$-trees. We obtained the best performance on basic B-trees using an optimistic, top-down restructuring algorithm. Maximum throughput on $B\sp+$-trees was obtained using B-link algorithms. However, B-link algorithms cannot easily be adapted to basic B-trees. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
Characterization and functional analysis of laminin isoforms in human bone marrow (2000)

Laminins are a family of disulfide-linked heterotrimeric proteins consisting of 3 different subunits termed alpha, beta, and gamma chains. Combinations of 11 characterized laminin subunits (alpha 1-alpha 5, beta 1-beta 3, and gamma 1-gamma 3) generate at least 12 laminin isoforms, which can serve different functions. Although expression of laminin in the hematopoietic microenvironment has been known for many years, the nature of the laminin isoforms present in the human bone marrow is poorly characterized. The present study attempts to clarify this issue. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of human bone marrow stromal cells suggested the expression of many laminin isoforms in the marrow. Northern blot and immunoblot analysis, however, showed that laminin-8/9 and laminin-10/11 are the most abundant laminin isoforms synthesized by human bone marrow stromal cells. Other isoforms, if present, certainly play a minor role in the hematopoietic microenvironment. Functionally, laminin-10/11 preparations showed strong adhesive interactions with human CD34(+) cell lines. Antibodies against the beta 1 integrin subunit inhibited these interactions. Other laminin isoforms, especially laminin-1 and laminin-2/4, showed only weak or no adhesive interactions with the hematopoietic cell lines tested, explaining former negative results. In addition to its adhesion-mediating properties, laminin-10/11 preparations also showed a mitogenic activity for human hematopoietic progenitor cells. Taken together, these data suggest that laminin in the bone marrow plays a hitherto unexpected important function in the development of hematopoietic progenitor cells. (Blood. 2000;96:4194-4203)
A Vision and Speech Enabled, Customizable, Virtual Assistant for Smart Environments (2018)

Recent developments in smart assistants and smart home automation are lately attracting the interest and curiosity of consumers and researchers. Speech enabled virtual assistants (often named smart speakers) offer a wide variety of network-oriented services and, in some cases, can connect to smart environments, thus enhancing them with new and effective user interfaces. However, such devices also reveal new needs and some weaknesses. In particular, they represent faceless and blind assistants, unable to show a face, and therefore an emotion, and unable to `see' the user. As a consequence, the interaction is impaired and, in some cases, ineffective. Moreover, most of those devices heavily rely on cloud-based services, thus transmitting potentially sensitive data to remote servers. To overcome such issues, in this paper we combine some of the most advanced techniques in computer vision, deep learning, speech generation and recognition, and artificial intelligence, into a virtual assistant architecture for smart home automation systems. The proposed assistant is effective and resource-efficient, interactive and customizable, and the realized prototype runs on a low-cost, small-sized, Raspberry PI 3 device. For testing purposes, the system was integrated with an open source home automation environment and ran for several days, while people were encouraged to interact with it, and proved to be accurate, reliable and appealing.
Paucity of CD4+CCR5+ T cells is a typical feature of natural SIV hosts (2006)

In contrast to lentiviral infections of humans and macaques, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of natural hosts is nonpathogenic despite high levels of viral replication. However, the mechanisms underlying this absence of disease are unknown. Here we report that natural hosts for SIV infection express remarkably low levels of CCR5 on CD4+ T cells isolated from blood, lymph nodes, and mucosal tissues. Given that this immunologic feature is found in 5 different species of natural SIV hosts (sooty mangabeys, African green monkeys, mandrills, sun-tailed monkeys, and chimpanzees) but is absent in 5 nonnatural/recent hosts (humans, rhesus, pigtail, cynomolgus macaques, and baboons), it may represent a key feature of the coevolution between the virus and its natural hosts that led to a nonpathogenic infection. Beneficial effects of low CCR5 expression on CD4+ T cells may include the reduction of target cells for viral replication and a decreased homing of activated CD4+ T cells to inflamed tissue.
The Ergogenic Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Exercise Performance (2017)

The physical limits of the human performance have been the object of study for a considerable time. Most of the research has focused on the locomotor muscles, lungs, and heart. As a consequence, much of the contemporary literature has ignored the importance of the brain in the regulation of exercise performance. With the introduction and development of new non-invasive devices, the knowledge regarding the behavior of the central nervous system during exercise has advanced. A first step has been provided from studies involving neuroimaging techniques where the role of specific brain areas have been identified during isolated muscle or whole-body exercise. Furthermore, a new interesting approach has been provided by studies involving non-invasive techniques to manipulate specific brain areas. These techniques most commonly involve the use of an electrical or magnetic field crossing the brain. In this regard, there has been emerging literature demonstrating the possibility to influence exercise outcomes in healthy people following stimulation of specific brain areas. Specifically, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been recently used prior to exercise in order to improve exercise performance under a wide range of exercise types. In this review article, we discuss the evidence provided from experimental studies involving tDCS. The aim of this review is to provide a critical analysis of the experimental studies investigating the application of tDCS prior to exercise and how it influences brain function and performance. Finally, we provide a critical opinion of the usage of tDCS for exercise enhancement. This will consequently progress the current knowledge base regarding the effect of tDCS on exercise and provides both a methodological and theoretical foundation on which future research can be based.
MNOS density parameters (1977)

Some aspects of the feasibility of the MNOS technology for the realization of large read/write memory systems are examined. Contemporary and near term density parameters for volume, weight, and power are presented. Achievable memory cells and die sizes are examined. The impact of nonvolatility on system reliability is explained. Packaging density forchip assemblies and memory systems is reviewed. Finally, the parameters and reliability of a 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> bit MNOS memory are described.
Nutritional factors affecting the antifungal activity of Penicillium steckii of mangrove origin (2010)

A fungal strain namely, Penicillium steckii was obtained from saline environment of mangrove plant Avicennia marina and evaluated for antifungal activity in PDA against dieback pathogen of rose. Amendments at the level of different carbon and nitrogen source and their concentrations, inorganic and organic salts resultant into the development of new and modified medium of basal PDA under which our fungi exhibited enhanced level of antifungal activity. Achievement of this medium composition may be useful further in process development to elaborate the antagonistic active principle against plant pathogens.

	Key words: Mangrove, avicennia, antifungal, penicillium, dieback, nutrient.
Optimum microphone placement for array sound capture (1997)

Microphone arrays can be used for high-quality sound pick up in reverberant and noisy environments. The beamforming capabilities of microphone array systems allow highly directional sound capture, providing superior signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when compared to single microphone performance. There are two aspects in microphone array system performance: the ability of the system to locate and track sound sources, and its ability to selectively capture sound from those sources. Both aspects of system performance are strongly affected by the spatial placement of microphone sensors. A method is needed to optimize sensor placement based on geometry of the environment and assumed sound source behavior. The objective of the optimization is to obtain the greatest average system SNR using a specified number of sensors. A method is derived to evaluate array performance for a given array configuration defined by the abovementioned metrics. An overall performance function is described based on these metrics. A framework for optimum placement of sensors under the practical considerations of possible sensor placement and potential location of sound sources is also characterized.
Continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion in Addison’s disease (2007)

CSHI is technically feasible and safe in patients with AD. A daily dose of approximately 10 mg/m(2) body surface area/day restores the circadian variation and normal levels of salivary cortisol in most patients, which is close to the estimated daily requirement. We hypothesise that selected patients will benefit from restoration of the circadian cortisol rhythm.
Aportes para el tratamiento racional del vértigo (1988)

Se presenta una clasificación del vértigo según su localización anatómica, su duración y sus características clínicas; se hace un resumen de las drogas ototóxicas de uso frecuente y de las que, sin serio, pueden producir mareo; se discuten diversos aspectos del manejo de esta entidad y se propone un tratamiento racional enfocado sobre cinco aspectos principales, a saber: preventivo, de rehabilitación, psicoterapéutico, farmacológico y quirúrgico.
Conditions for the self-catalysed inactivation of carnitine acetyltransferase. A novel form of enzyme inhibition (1969)

1. Carnitine acetyltransferase is very rapidly inhibited in the presence of bromoacetyl-(-)-carnitine plus CoA or of bromoacetyl-CoA plus (-)-carnitine. 2. Under appropriate conditions, the enzyme may be titrated with either bromoacetyl substrate analogue; in each case about 1mole of inhibitor is required to inactivate completely 1mole of enzyme of molecular weight 58000+/-3000. 3. Inhibition by bromoacetyl-CoA plus (-)-carnitine results in the formation of an inactive enzyme species, containing stoicheiometric amounts of bound adenine nucleotide and (-)-carnitine in a form that is not removed by gel filtration. This is shown to be S-carboxymethyl-CoA (-)-carnitine ester. 4. The inhibited enzyme recovers activity slowly on prolonged standing at 4 degrees . 5. Incubation with S-carboxymethyl-CoA (-)-carnitine ester causes a slow inhibition of carnitine acetyltransferase. 6. The formation of bound S-carboxymethyl-CoA (-)-carnitine ester by the enzyme is discussed. Presumably the resulting inhibition reflects binding of the ester to both the CoA- and carnitine-binding sites on the enzyme and its consequent very slow dissociation. These observations confirm that carnitine acetyltransferase can form ternary enzyme-substrate complexes; this also appears to be the case with carnitine palmitoyltransferase and choline acetyltransferase.
Transmission of ipv6 packets over ieee 802.15.4 networks (2007)

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the &quot;Internet Official Protocol Standards &quot; (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. This document describes the frame format for transmission of IPv6 packets and the method of forming IPv6 link-local addresses and statelessly autoconfigured addresses on IEEE 802.15.4 networks. Additional specifications include a simple header compression scheme using shared context and provisions for packet delivery in IEEE
Short protein segments can drive a non-fibrillizing protein into the amyloid state (2009)

Protein fibrils termed amyloid-like are associated with numerous degenerative diseases as well as some normal cellular functions. Specific short segments of amyloid-forming proteins have been shown to form fibrils themselves. However, it has not been shown in general that these segments are capable of driving a protein from its native structure into the amyloid state. We applied the 3D profile method to identify fibril-forming segments within the amyloid-forming human proteins tau, alpha-synuclein, PrP prion and amyloid-beta. Ten segments, six to eight residues in length, were chosen and inserted into the C-terminal hinge loop of the highly constrained enzyme RNase A, and tested for fibril growth and Congo red birefringence. We find that all 10 unique inserts cause RNase A to form amyloid-like fibrils which display characteristic yellow to apple-green Congo red birefringence when observed with cross polarizers. These six to eight residue inserts can fibrillize RNase A and are sufficient for amyloid fibril spine formation.
Design and Realization of High Power Density EV Charging Module (2019)

DC charging module consists of AC/DC converter circuit and DC/DC converter circuit. In view of the requirement of charging module high power density and good output characteristic of EV's charger, AC/DC adopts the three-phase VIENNA rectifier design, and DC/DC adopts the full bridge LLC resonant circuit, in which the former can meet the requirements of high power density and high power factor, while the latter can meet the requirements of high efficiency and soft switch. The working principle of three-phase VIENNA rectifier and all bridge LLC resonant conversion circuit are analyzed. Then, the parameters of the front-end and back-end circuits are calculated, and the output voltage and efficiency of the charging module at full load, no-load and half load are tested. The experimental results show that the output voltage of the front-end circuit is stable, the output DC capacitance can be automatically compressed, the back-end circuit can realize ZVS shut off, the module features high efficiency and good output.
A Structure Tensor Approach for 3D Image Skeletonization: Applications in Protein Secondary Structure Analysis (2006)

We present an approach for three-dimensional (3D) image skeletonization, based on the local structure tensor idea. Two major types of features are addressed: helical and planar. Accordingly, we also discussed how the skeletonization approach is successfully applied to the protein secondary structure analysis, including the alpha-helix (helical type) and beta-sheet (planar type) identifications.
The Perfect Match: 3D Point Cloud Matching With Smoothed Densities (2019)

We propose 3DSmoothNet, a full workflow to match 3D point clouds with a siamese deep learning architecture and fully convolutional layers using a voxelized smoothed density value (SDV) representation. The latter is computed per interest point and aligned to the local reference frame (LRF) to achieve rotation invariance. Our compact, learned, rotation invariant 3D point cloud descriptor achieves 94.9% average recall on the 3DMatch benchmark data set, outperforming the state-of-the-art by more than 20 percent points with only 32 output dimensions. This very low output dimension allows for near realtime correspondence search with 0.1 ms per feature point on a standard PC. Our approach is sensor- and scene-agnostic because of SDV, LRF and learning highly descriptive features with fully convolutional layers. We show that 3DSmoothNet trained only on RGB-D indoor scenes of buildings achieves 79.0% average recall on laser scans of outdoor vegetation, more than double the performance of our closest, learning-based competitors. Code, data and pre-trained models are available online at https://github.com/zgojcic/3DSmoothNet.
Induction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Specific CD8 T-Cell Responses by<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>and a Hyperattenuated<i>Listeria</i>Strain Engineered To Express HIV Antigens (2000)

Induction of cell-mediated immunity may be essential for an effective AIDS vaccine. Listeria monocytogenes is an attractive bacterial vector to elicit T-cell immunity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because it specifically infects monocytes, key antigen-presenting cells, and because natural infection originates at the mucosa. Immunization with recombinant L. monocytogenes has been shown to protect mice from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, influenza virus, and tumor inoculation. L. monocytogenes expressing HIV gag elicits sustained high levels of Gag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in mice. We have examined the ability of Listeria to infect human monocytes and present HIV antigens to CD8 T lymphocytes of HIV-infected donors to induce a secondary T-cell immune response. Using this in vitro vaccination protocol, we show that L. monocytogenes expressing the HIV-1 gag gene efficiently provides a strong stimulus for Gag-specific CTLs in HIV-infected donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Listeria expressing Nef also elicits a secondary in vitro anti-Nef CTL response. Since L. monocytogenes is a pathogen, before it can be seriously considered as a human vaccine vector, safety concerns must be addressed. We therefore have produced a highly attenuated strain of L. monocytogenes that requires D-alanine for viability. The recombinant bacteria are attenuated at least 10(5)-fold. We show that when these hyperattenuated bacteria are engineered to express HIV-1 Gag, they are at least as efficient at stimulating Gag-specific human CTLs in vitro as wild-type recombinants. These results suggest that attenuated Listeria is an attractive candidate vaccine vector to induce T-cell immunity to HIV in humans.
An ambulatory sensor-based system for quantification of nighttime micturition for accurate nocturia assessment (2014)

Nocturia is a widespread condition where patients need to micturate frequently during the nighttime. In order to define treatment and measure therapeutic success in nocturia, questionnaires are traditionally used for ambulatory assessment. However, questionnaires were reported to suffer from compliance, embarrassment and subjective bias. An automatic sensor-based system for quantification of nighttime micturition for accurate nocturia assessment would not suffer from these disadvantages, and its development was therefore the purpose of this study. We defined a sensor-based system for ambulatory use, consisting of a sensor watch and a room occupancy sensor. Using this system, we so far collected data from 6 participants and 82 nights in an ongoing study. We report the details of the system, as well as the data analysis. The system is very accurate, with an average misdetection rate of 0.32 and a mean absolute deviation of 3.8 % when comparing the average number of nighttime micturitions. This novel sensor-based nighttime micturition quantification system has the potential to be used as an objective ambulatory assessment tool for nocturia diagnosis and treatment.