gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immobilized metal ion affinity gel electrophoresis: Quantification of protein affinity to transition metal chelates (1996)

This paper describes some recent advances in the methodology of immobilized metal ion affinity gel electrophoresis. Four different ways to incorporate metal chelate ligands in agarose and polyacrylamide-based electrophoresis gels are evaluated, a new polymerizable metal chelating ligand, allyl-2-hydroxy-3-(N,N-dicarboxymethyl)amino-propyl ether, is introduced, and the determination of affinity constants described. The affinities of model proteins (ribonucleases A and B and cytochromes c from different species) for the transition metal chelate iminodiacetic acid-Cu(II) were studied. The results were found to be in agreement with literature data on immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography, and the polymer nature and the different chemistries used influenced the affinity only quantitatively, keeping the basic mechanisms of interaction unchanged.
A design method for improvement of λ<i>g</i>/4 coupled‐line narrow bandpass filter response (2003)

Abstract This paper discusses various changes made in classical coupled‐line narrow bandpass filters to somehow improve frequency response. First, the resonator's strip width was broadened to improve the lines' unloaded Q factor. Second, the in/out coupled‐line sections were replaced by tapped‐line feeding. Finally, a transmission zero was added via a geometrical modification that favors nonadjacent resonator coupling. The theoretical and experimental results obtained with these microstrip filters are compared. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 121–125, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11145
Effects of Dietary Thyroid Hormones on Growth and Serum T3, T4, and Growth Hormone in Sex-Linked Dwarf Chickens (1984)

Dwarf pullets fed with either T3 or T4 at 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 ppm for 2 weeks showed no improvement in their body weight gain as compared with birds that were fed a control diet. Birds fed T3 or T4 at 10.0 ppm showed poorer growth, body weight gain, and feed efficiency than control birds. Pullets fed 1.0 ppm of T3 showed significantly better feed efficiency than control birds. Serum T3 concentrations were significantly higher when birds were fed 1.0 ppm of T3 or 10.0 ppm of T3 or T4. Plasma T4 concentrations were also higher in T4 fed birds (1.0 ppm and 10.0 ppm), but were significantly lower in T3 fed birds (1.0 ppm and 10.0 ppm) than in control birds. In birds fed T3 or T4 at 1.0-ppm and 10.0-ppm levels serum growth hormone concentrations were significantly lower as compared with control birds. In conclusion, exogenous T3 and T4 did not correct the sex-linked dwarfism of dwarf chickens. Such dwarfism is characterized by low circulating levels of T3 and T4.
Experimental evidence that changes in oocyte growth influence meiotic chromosome segregation (2002)

Our findings support the hypothesis that congression failure results from disturbances in the complex interplay of signals regulating folliculogenesis and that these changes subtly alter the late stages of oocyte growth, increasing the risk of a non-disjunction error. These findings have important implications for human aneuploidy, since they suggest that it may be possible to develop prophylactic treatments for reducing the risk of age-related aneuploidy.
Innate immune response of bronchial epithelial cells to infection with influenza (130.7) (2009)

Abstract Bronchial epithelial cells are the natural human host for influenza infection but knowledge about the innate immune response is limited. Study objectives; characterise the innate immune response of bronchial epithelial cells to infection with human influenza A virus and relate this to virus replication. Methods; Influenza H3N2, A/Wellington/2004 (H3N2) was cultured and titred using plaque assays on Manine Darby Kidney Cells. Primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs) were obtained by bronchoscopy and cultured. Their response was compared to an epithelial cell line, Calu 3. Innate immune response was measured by the induction of mRNA by real time PCR for RIG-I, MDA-5, TLR-3, PKR, interferon (IFN)-β. Protein expression was then measured by western blot in cell lysate or supernatant. Results; H3N2 replicated to significantly higher titres in Calu 3 cells 2.8x106 PFU/ml compared to PBECs 789 PFU/ml (p&lt;0.001). Following infection there was greater than 20 fold induction of RIG-I mRNA in both cells, strong protein expression in PBECs by 24hr, only faint expression in Calu3. A thousand fold induction in MDA-5 mRNA was seen in PBECs at 48hr less than 20 fold in Calu3. Induction of IFN-β mRNA by 24hr and protein release in the supernatant was seen in both cells by 6hr. Conclusions; H3N2 replicates less well in PBECs and this is associated with more vigorous induction of RIG-I during early infection and later induction of MDA-5 mRNA.
Ultrafast all-optical switch using complex refractive index changes of thin films containing photochromic dye (1997)

An all-optical switch has been proposed based on photoinduced changes of an imaginary part of complex refractive index in a composite thin film made by silver and polymer thin films containing photochromic dye. Very fast switching on and switching off of a reading beam was demonstrated at the incident angle of guided wave mode using a photochromic spiropyran-doped polystyrene thin film and a ns pulsed laser as a writing beam. These responses were caused by the changes of an extinction coefficient due to photochromism. No applied power was required to hold the switched state.
Cloned mouse melanocyte lines carrying the germline mutations albino and brown: complementation in culture (1989)

We have established two new immortal lines of mouse melanocytes, melan-b and melan-c, from mice homozygous for the brown (b) and albino (c) mutations respectively. Both lines were derived through differentiation in vitro of embryonic epidermal melanoblasts. The brown melanocytes are visibly brown by light microscopy, and centrifuged cell suspensions form brown pellets. The albino melanocytes form white pellets and contain abundant unpigmented premelanosomes as shown by transmission electron microscopy. Like normal, non-immortal melanocytes and like the immortal black melanocyte line melan-a, both lines show little or no growth in a standard, serum-supplemented medium, but proliferate well in the presence of 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Sustained growth of the albino cells also requires either keratinocyte feeder cells or 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME). The modal chromosome numbers are 39 for melan-b and 40 (diploid) for melan-c. Neither line is tumorigenic in nude mice. Heterokaryons between the two lines can be constructed and form wild-type, black pigment. Melanocyte lines can now be reproducibly generated from mice of different strains, and provide tools for molecular studies of germline coat-colour mutations. These two lines provide elegant means to study the developmentally controlled expression of the two complementary genes, B and C, with black melanin pigment as a readily detectable natural marker.
Technology evaluation: abatacept, Bristol-Myers Squibb. (2004)

Bristol-Myers Squibb is developing the fusion protein abatacept for the potential treatment of various immunological disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Abatacept is undergoing phase III clinical trials.
Towards robust interval solid modeling of curved objects (1996)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 1995.
Structural requirements for tissue factor pathway inhibitor interactions with factor Xa and heparin (1993)

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a multivalent Kunitz-type protease inhibitor, which inhibits factor Xa directly and in a factor Xa dependent manner inhibits the factor VIIa/tissue factor catalytic complex. Altered forms of recombinant TFPI (rTFPI) were tested for their ability to inhibit human factor Xa and bovine γ-carboxyglutamate (Gla)-domainless factor Xa in the presence and absence of calciumions, heparin, phospholipids, and factor Va. Sequential deletions of the positively charged C-terminus of TFPI produces proteins that have decreasing inhibitory activity against factor Xa as well as decreasing affinity for heparin-agarose. Deletion of the C-terminus distal to Leu111, which eliminates the third Kunitz-type domain, results in the loss of heparin-agarose binding at physiological ionic strength. Furthermore, the entire C-terminal polypeptide, including at least a portion of the third Kunitz-type domain, appears to be involved in heparin binding. Residues 230-241 probably form an alpha helix in which Lys231 and Arg237 within the Kunitz domain and Lys241 and Lys241 could provide a positively charged surface epitope capable of binding heparin. Heparin and Ca2+ together, but not individually, enhance the rate of factor Xa inhibition by full-length TFPI. The effect of heparin is concentration dependent and biphasic (maximal between 0.1 and 1.0 unit/ml) suggesting that the acceleration of factor Xa inhibition occurs at least in part through a ‘template’ mechanism. Full-length rTFPI inhibits factor Xa in the presence of Ca2+, phospholipids and factor Va more effectively than factor Xa in the presence of Ca2+ alone and is a more potent inhibitor of factor Xa under the former conditions than carboxy-terminal truncated forms of rTFPI. Additional studies show that the acidic N-terminus of TFPI is not required for Xa inhibition and suggest that in a non-physiological system lacking Ca2+ the cluster of basic amino acids near the C-terminus of TFPI may interact with factor Xa in a Gla domain dependent fashion.
Electrochemical evaluation methods of vanadium flow battery electrodes (2017)

Various testing methods, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), have been employed to evaluate the electrode performance of vanadium flow batteries (VFB). Due to the variations in the testing devices and characterization parameters in the literature, a number of reported results are incomparable and even sometimes contradictory. In this report, a reliable device is proposed for the electrochemical characterization of electrode materials, and the parameter selection was demonstrated to be critical for achieving reliable evaluation and reducing the effects of side reactions. As for the structure of the graphite felt electrode, volume current density is proposed to replace the area current density as the main evaluation indicator. Furthermore, the effect of side reactions is discussed and the upper limit voltage of 1.60 V is found to be suitable in the charge process of VFB since selecting this value can greatly protect the active sites on the electrode and avoid the capacity fading caused by side reactions.
Probability Tables for Individual Comparisons by Ranking Methods (1947)

In previous papers [3] [4] a ranking method has been described for the rapid approximate determination of the significance of differences between two treatments, when the experimental data consists of unpaired replications, paired replications, or replications occurring in two or more groups. Brief tables were given which furnished the rank totals for the 0.05%o, 0.02% and 0.01% level of significance. These tables were prepared by making use of certain properties of the partitions of numbers, but the method becomes impractical with larger numbers of replicates. A recent paper by Mann and Whitney [1] describes a similar test and gives probability tables covering the range from 3 to 8 replicates per treatment, including the case of unequal numbers of unpaired replicates under the two treatments. These authors tabulated the probabilities against the serial number of possible rank totals, 0-1-2 .... U, instead of the rank total itself. Their tables give probabilities for one tail of the distribution only.
State of Charge Management for Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles With Uncertain Trip Information (2015)

Efficient state of charge management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) differs from their nonplug-in counterparts through the utilization of a charge depleting (CD) mode of operation. Several studies have shown that a blended mode of CD holds fuel economy advantages over a CD and charge sustaining (CS) combination, however, these approaches assume knowledge of the total journey distance. Here, this assumption is relaxed and the state of charge trajectory was recalculated online using a weaker assumption that only a probability distribution accumulated over past trips is available. The importance of other contributing factors to the state of charge profile such as vehicle velocity and altitude is also assessed. Simulation results on a prototype plug-in hybrid are presented with an adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) used by the powertrain management to track the proposed state of charge trajectory. The financial and environmental benefits of the proposed approach relative to other state of charge management strategies are then calculated over a number of different cycles and conditions.
Characterization of a Hybrid Cu Paste as an Isotropic Conductive Adhesive (2011)

As an isotropic conductive adhesive, that is, a hybrid Cu paste composed of Cu powder, solder powder, and a fluxing resin system, has been quantitatively characterized. The mechanism of an electrical connection based on a novel concept of electrical conduction is experimentally characterized using an analysis of a differential scanning calorimeter and scanning electron microscope energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The oxide on the metal surface is sufficiently removed with an increase in temperature, and intermetallic compounds between the Cu and melted solder are simultaneously generated, leading to an electrical connection. The reliability of the hybrid Cu paste is experimentally identified and compared with existing Ag paste. As an example of a practical application, the hybrid Cu paste is used for LED packaging, and its electrical and thermal performances are compared with the commercialized Ag paste. In the present research, it is proved that, except the optical function, the electrical and thermal performances are similar to pre-existing Ag paste. The hybrid Cu paste could be used as an isotropic conductive adhesive due to its low production cost.
Circulating MicroRNAs in Plasma of Hepatitis B e Antigen Positive Children Reveal Liver-Specific Target Genes (2014)

Background and Aim. Hepatitis B e antigen positive (HBeAg-positive) children are at high risk of severe complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. Liver damage is caused by the host immune response to infected hepatocytes, and we hypothesise that specific microRNAs play a role in this complex interaction between virus and host. The study aimed to identify microRNAs with aberrant plasma expressions in HBeAg-positive children and with liver-specific target genes. Methods. By revisiting our previous screen of microRNA plasma levels in HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and in healthy controls, candidate microRNAs with aberrant plasma expressions in HBeAg-positive children were identified. MicroRNAs targeting liver-specific genes were selected based on bioinformatics analysis and validated by qRT-PCR using plasma samples from 34 HBeAg-positive, 26 HBeAg-negative, and 60 healthy control children. Results. Thirteen microRNAs showed aberrant plasma expressions in HBeAg-positive children and targeted liver-specific genes. In particular, three microRNAs were upregulated and one was downregulated in HBeAg-positive children compared to HBeAg-negative and healthy control children, which showed equal levels. Conclusion. The identified microRNAs might impact the progression of CHB in children. Functional studies are warranted, however, to elucidate the microRNAs' role in the immunopathogenesis of childhood CHB.
Clustered Breast Calcifications (1983)

In a consecutive series, clustered breast calcifications were classified according to their radiographic appearance. Rounded and 'cloudy' calcifications, and calcifications showing sedimentation were virtually always associated with benign disorders. All other types of clustered calcifications implied a substantial risk of carcinoma. Furthermore, calcifications appearing or increasing during an observation period (median 24 months) implied a larger risk than those remaining unchanged. Guidelines for the management of patients with clustered breast calcifications are given.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Redirected T Cells Display Multifunctional Capacity and Enhanced Tumor-Specific Cytokine Secretion Upon Secondary Ligation of Chimeric Receptor (2013)

This study demonstrates the specificity of CAR gene-engineered T cells and their capacity to deliver a wide range of functions against tumor cells with an enhanced response capability after initial receptor engagement.
Manpower contradictions (1969)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Eugene P. Wigner; Manpower contradictions. Physics Today 1 December 1969; 22 (12): 11–13. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3035285 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search
Generalized propagation-invariant wave fields (1998)

Necessary and sufficient conditions are presented that determine a generalized class of propagation-invariant wave fields. The existence of wave fields with transverse distributions that are periodically reproduced with different azimuthal orientations is demonstrated. These fields are conveniently described in the longitudinal-azimuthal frequency representation. An interesting subclass is characterized by aperiodic rotated self-images, in the sense that they never return to their original orientation along the propagation. Other subclasses include the conventional self-imaging wave fields, the so-called nondiffracting beams, and the rotating wave fields.
A comparison of suicide notes written by suicide completers and suicide attempters. (1990)

Suicide notes written by completed suicides were compared with suicide notes written by attempted suicides for the three motives for suicide described by Menninger. The motives of escape from pain and anger directed toward others did not differentiate the two samples of notes, but suicide notes written by completed suicides were more likely to have the motive of self-blame.
Cross-Linking Hemoglobin by Design: Lessons from Using Molecular Clamps (1994)

The development of a red cell substitute by chemical modification of hemoglobin has been approached as a systematic, iterative process. Acyl phosphate methyl esters were designed as anionic electrophiles to permit selective acylation of amino groups in the cationic site of hemoglobin which binds polyanions. Kinetic studies with systematically substituted acyl phosphates and amines show that the reaction is controlled by a reversible addition step followed by an irreversible elimination step. Acyl phosphate methyl esters which are derivatives of rigid dicarboxylic acids introduce cross-links in human hemoglobin between amino groups in the beta subunits (epsilon-NH2-Lys-82, alpha-NH2-Val-1) and permit correlation of oxygen binding properties with cross-link structure. The data suggest that the cross-link maintains cooperativity while reducing overall oxygen affinity by lowering the affinity of the R form for oxygen rather than by perturbing the R,T equilibrium of native hemoglobin. Materials produced from deoxyhemoglobin with a cross-link between positions 1 and 82 of the two beta units have appropriate oxygen affinity for red cell substitutes. The use of a trifunctional cross-linker, trimesyl tris(methyl phosphate) selectively produces hemoglobin with the desired 1-82 connection in good yield. The reagent is readily prepared and the properties of this chemically modified hemoglobin are suitable for trial as a red cell substitute, closely resembling those of optimized materials produced by recombinant technology. Further work is producing new chemicals and providing structural information.
Synthetic Derivatives of (+)-<i>epi</i>-α-Bisabolol Are Formed by Mammalian Cytochromes P450 Expressed in a Yeast Reconstituted Pathway (2020)

Identification of the enzyme(s) involved in complex biosynthetic pathways can be challenging. An alternative approach might be to deliberately diverge from the original natural enzyme source and use promiscuous enzymes from other organisms. In this paper, we have tested the ability of a series of human and animal cytochromes P450 involved in xenobiotic detoxification to generate derivatives of (+)-<i>epi</i>-α-bisabolol and attempt to produce the direct precursor of hernandulcin, a sweetener from <i>Lippia dulcis</i> for which the last enzymatic steps are unknown. Screening steps were implemented <i>in vivo</i> in <i>S. cerevisiae</i> optimized for the biosynthesis of oxidized derivatives of (+)-<i>epi</i>-α-bisabolol by coexpressing two key enzymes: the (+)-<i>epi</i>-α-bisabolol synthase and the NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase. Five out of 25 cytochromes P450 were capable of producing new hydroxylated regioisomers of (+)-<i>epi</i>-α-bisabolol. Of the new oxidized bisabolol products, the structure of one compound, 14-hydroxy-(+)-<i>epi</i>-α-bisabolol, was fully elucidated by NMR while the probable structure of the second product was determined. In parallel, the production of (+)-<i>epi</i>-α-bisabolol derivatives was enhanced through the addition of a supplementary genomic copy of (+)-<i>epi</i>-α-bisabolol synthase that augmented the final titer of hydroxylated product to 64 mg/L. We thus demonstrate that promiscuous drug metabolism cytochromes P450 can be used to produce novel compounds from a terpene scaffold.
A Computational Fluid Dynamics Based Integrated Disinfection Design Approach for Improvement of Full-scale Ozone Contactor Performance (2007)

A three-dimensional multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been developed, to address all the major components of ozone disinfection processes at the Charles DesBaillets Water Treatment Plant in Montréal, Canada. Good agreement was observed between the numerical results and full-scale tracer data. The CFD predicted flow fields showed that recirculation zones and short circuiting existed in the DesBaillets contactors. Installation of four additional baffles in the second chamber would significantly improve contactor mixing performance. The modeling results also indicated that ozone residuals at the cross section of the outlet of each chamber were very sensitive to the locations of monitoring points.
Introduction (2006)

During the 1990s, writers on both public and private sector organisations converged on the claim that ‘networks’ represented a distinctive trend in their management and governance. They argued that networks were the most promising solution to the dilemmas of designing structures for improved performance, almost regardless of the measures used (e.g. effectiveness of interventions to users or financial outturns).
A Rhodamine-Based Fluorescent Probe Containing a Se−N Bond for Detecting Thiols and Its Application in Living Cells (2007)

Here we report a new rhodamine-based fluorescent probe containing a selenium−nitrogen bond for detecting thiols based on the nucleophilic substitution of sulfhydryl. The probe was successfully applied to the imaging of thiols in both HL-7702 cells and HepG2 cells with high sensitivity and selectivity.