gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VHL tumor suppressor regulates Cl<sup>−</sup>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>exchange and Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup>exchange activities in renal carcinoma cells (2001)

Mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene are thought to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of both sporadic and VHL disease-associated clear-cell renal carcinomas (RCC). Differential display-PCR identified the AE2 anion exchanger as a candidate VHL target gene. AE2 mRNA and polypeptide levels were approximately threefold higher in 786-O VHL cells than in 786-O Neo cells. In contrast, Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchange activity in 786-O VHL cells was 50% lower than in 786-O Neo cells. Since resting intracellular pH (pH(i)) values were indistinguishable, we postulated that Na(+)/H(+) exchange activity (NHE) might be similarly reduced in 786-O VHL cells. NHE-mediated pH(i) recovery from acid load was less than 50% that in 786-O Neo cells, whereas hypertonicity-stimulated, amiloride-sensitive NHE was indistinguishable in the two cell lines. The NHE3 mRNA level was higher in 786-O VHL than 786-O Neo cells, but NHE1 mRNA levels did not differ. AE2 and NHE3 are the first transcripts reported to be upregulated by pVHL. Elucidation of mechanisms responsible for downregulation of both ion exchange activities will require further investigation.
Virus replicon particle based Chikungunya virus neutralization assay using Gaussia luciferase as readout (2013)

A VRP based CHIKV neutralization assay using Gluc as readout represents a fast and useful method to determine CHIKV neutralizing antibodies without the need of using infectious CHIKV.
Effect of Ag and Au Nanoparticles on the SERS of 4-Aminobenzenethiol Assembled on Powdered Copper (2005)

Raman scattering measurements were conducted for 4-aminobenzenethiol (4-ABT) assembled on powdered copper substrates. Initially, very weak Raman peaks were detected, but upon attaching Ag nanoparticles probably via NH2 groups onto 4-ABT/Cu, distinct Raman spectra were observed. Considering the fact that no Raman peak was identified when Ag nanoparticles were adsorbed on 4-aminophenyl-derivatized silane monolayers assembled on silica powders, the Raman spectra observed for Ag@4-ABT/Cu should be surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra, occurring by an electromagnetic coupling of the localized surface plasmon of Ag nanoparticles with the surface plasmon polariton of Cu powders. The extra enhancement factor attainable by the attachment of a single Ag nanoparticle is estimated to be as large as 1.4 x 10(5) in the case when 632.8-nm radiation is used as the excitation source. When Au nanoparticles were attached onto 4-ABT/Cu, at least an order of magnitude weaker Raman spectra were obtained at all excitation wavelengths, however, indicating that the Au-to-Cu coupling should be far less effective than the Ag-to-Cu coupling for the induction of SERS.
Using adaptive agents to automatically generate test scenarios from the UML activity diagrams (2005)

Test case generation is one of the most important issues in software testing research and industrial practice. Test scenarios are frequently used to derive test cases for scenario-based software testing. However, the generation of the test scenarios is usually a manual and labor-intensive task. It is desired that test scenarios can be automatically generated. In this paper, we propose an automated approach using adaptive agents to directly generate test scenarios from the UML activity diagrams.
Fault ride through performance of wind energy converters with FACTS capabilities in response to up-to-date German grid connection requirements (2011)

Wind Farms (WFs) that are nowadays connected to the German distribution or transmission system have to fulfill the technical requirements stated in the 2009 revision of the German Renewable Energy Sources Act. On the one hand these requirements specify more precisely the already existing connection conditions they are based on. On the other hand they give additional criteria especially regarding the dynamic behavior during under and over voltage conditions in the grid. ENERCON Wind Energy Converters (WECs) can fulfill these stringent demands due to their full-size converter design and the associated so-called FACTS Capabilities. Consequently, ENERCON was awarded the first type-certificate according to these German connection conditions in 2009. The present paper describes the Fault Ride Through (FRT) performance of ENERCON WECs that responds specifically to the above mentioned requirements. Furthermore, measurement examples that prove compliance with the connection conditions are shown and it is explained how the corresponding field tests are done.
Green Driver: AI in a Microcosm (2011)

The Green Driver app is a dynamic routing application for GPS-enabled smartphones. Green Driver combines client GPS data with real-time traffic light information provided by cities to determine optimal routes in response to driver route requests. Routes are optimized with respect to travel time, with the intention of saving the driver both time and fuel, and rerouting can occur if warranted. During a routing session, client phones communicate with a centralized server that both collects GPS data and processes route requests. All relevant data are anonymized and saved to databases for analysis; statistics are calculated from the aggregate data and fed back to the routing engine to improve future routing. Analyses can also be performed to discern driver trends: where do drivers tend to go, how long do they stay, when and where does traffic congestion occur, and so on. The system uses a number of techniques from the field of artificial intelligence. We apply a variant of A* search for solving the stochastic shortest path problem in order to find optimal driving routes through a network of roads given light-status information. We also use dynamic programming and hidden Markov models to determine the progress of a driver through a network of roads from GPS data and light-status data. The Green Driver system is currently deployed for testing in Eugene, Oregon, and is scheduled for large-scale deployment in Portland, Oregon, in Spring 2011.
Adaptive control of plants with unknown dead-zones (1994)

Model reference adaptive controllers are designed for plants with unknown dead-zones. Several control strategies are investigated in which two sets of adjustable parameters, one belonging to a dead-zone inverse and the other to a linear controller, are either kept fixed or adaptively updated. The developed adaptive control schemes ensure boundedness of all closed-loop signals and reduce the tracking error.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Incremental compilation of optimized code (1985)

Although optimizing compilers have successfully been used to reduce the size and running times of compiled programs, present incremental compilers only support the incremental update of unoptimized code. In this work, we extend the notion of incremental compilation to include optimized code. Techniques to incrementally compile locally optimized code, given intermediate code modifications are developed using a program representation based on flow graphs and dags. A model is designed to represent both unoptimized and optimized code and to maintain an optimizing history. Changes to the optimized code which either destroy optimizations or create conditions for further optimizations are incorporated into the model and the optimized code without recompiling unaffected optimizations.
Comparison of Plaque- and Flow Cytometry-Based Methods for Measuring Dengue Virus Neutralization (2007)

As dengue vaccines enter clinical trials, there is a need for rapid and quantitative assays to measure neutralization. We have developed flow-based neutralization assays which generated results similar to those generated by the established, plaque reduction neutralization test. The flow assays are an improvement, as they use human cells and allow for high-throughput screening.
A connectionist model for diagnostic problem solving (1989)

A competition-based connectionist model for solving diagnostic problems is described. The problems under consideration are computationally difficult in that multiple disorders may occur simultaneously and a global optimum in the space exponential to the total number of possible disorders is sought as a solution. To solve this problem, global optimization criteria are decomposed into local optimization criteria that are used to govern node activation updating in the connectionist model. Nodes representing disorders compete with each other to account for each 'individual' present manifestation, yet complement each other to account for all present manifestation, yet complement each other to account for all present manifestations through parallel node interactions. When equilibrium is reached, the network settles into a locally optimal state in which some disorder nodes (winners) are fully activated and compose the diagnosis for the given case, while all other disorder nodes are fully deactivated. A resettling process is proposed to improve accuracy. Three randomly generated examples of diagnostic problems, each of which has 1024 cases, were tested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Novel MAC Layer Handoff Schemes for IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs (2007)

Handoff in the IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs (WLANs) occurs whenever the mobile station (STA) changes its association from one access point (AP) to another owing to poor link quality. In a WLAN, small coverage areas of APs create frequent handoffs. Previous studies have shown that the typical handoff latency is high enough to hamper the service quality of multimedia streams like VoIP (voice over IP). In this paper, a novel scheme to reduce the handoff latency is proposed by using inter-AP communication to receive the probe response(s). Another adaptive scheme to enhance the quality of service (QoS) for multimedia streams during handoff is presented which builds upon the first scheme and adaptively distributes the total handoff latency. Through extensive simulations, we prove that our adaptive scheme decreases handoff latency significantly and achieves both fast and smooth hand-off that multimedia applications entail.
Applications of Vinylogous Mannich Reactions. Total Syntheses of the <i>Ergot</i> Alkaloids Rugulovasines A and B and Setoclavine (2001)

Concise syntheses of the Ergot alkaloids rugulovasine A (3a), rugulovasine B (3b), and setoclavine (2) have been completed by strategies that feature inter- and intramolecular vinylogous Mannich reactions as the key steps. Thus, the first synthesis of 3a,b commenced with the conversion of the known indole 17 into 24 via the addition of the furan 22 to the iminium ion 21, which was generated in situ from the aldehyde 19. Cyclization of 24 by a novel S(RN)1 reaction followed by removal of the N-benzyl group furnished a mixture (1:2) of 3a and 3b. In an alternative approach to these alkaloids, the biaryl 35 was reduced with DIBAL-H to give an intermediate imine that underwent spontaneous cyclization via an intramolecular vinylogous Mannich addition to provide 36a,b. N-Methylation of the derived benzyl carbamates 37a,b followed by global deprotection gave a mixture (2:1) of rugulovasines A and B (3a,b). Setoclavine (2) was then prepared from the biaryl 41 using a closely related intramolecular vinylogous Mannich reaction to furnish the spirocyclic lactones 42a,b. These lactones were subsequently transformed by hydride reduction and reductive methylation into the ergoline derivatives 43a,b, which were in turn converted into 2 by deprotection and solvolytic 1,3-rearrangement of the allylic hydroxyl group.
Preparation of polymer microspheres in supercritical carbon dioxide and their evaluation as cold‐flow improvers in diesel (2010)

Abstract Polymeric microspheres were synthesized by the precipitation copolymerization of methacrylic acid and styrene in supercritical carbon dioxide. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the products were spherical microparticles. The mean diameter of the particles was 0.2–2 μm. The synthesis conditions affecting the particle size and morphology were examined in detail. The well‐distributed copolymer microspheres were applied as low‐temperature improvers for diesel. The results showed excellent performance for high‐paraffin diesel at low temperatures. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Measurement and modeling of self-heating in SOI nMOSFET's (1994)

Self-heating in SOI nMOSFET's is measured and modeled. Temperature rises in excess of 100 K are observed for SOI devices under static operating conditions. The measured temperature rise agrees well with the predictions of an analytical model and is a function of the silicon thickness, buried oxide thickness, and channel-metal contact separation. Under dynamic circuit conditions, the channel temperatures are much lower than predicted from the static power dissipation. This work provides the foundation for the extraction of device modeling parameters for dynamic operation (at constant temperature) from static device characterization data (where temperature varies widely). Self-heating does not greatly reduce the electromigration reliability of SOI circuits, but might influence SOI device design, e.g., requiring a thinner buried oxide layer for particular applications and scaled geometries.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bewertung und Ausblick (1997)

Kooperation im Entwurf ist kein rein formales Problem, deshalb kann auch nicht mit formalen Mitteln die Korrektheit der kooperativer Methoden gezeigt werden. Auf die Schwierigkeit bei der Validierung gruppenorientierter Systeme hat beispielsweise Grudin [Grudin, 1994] hingewiesen. Eine vollständige Validierung kann letztlich nur mit Hilfe detaillierter empirischer Untersuchungen vorgenommen werden. Dies sprengt den Rahmen dieser Arbeit, ist aber das Ziel des Telematics-Projekts CoopWWW.
Research of the Network Manager for WIA-PA (2010)

WIA-PA is a standard of wireless networks for industrial-process automation, which is proposed by Industrial Wireless Alliance of China. Network manager is an integral role of the WIA-PA network. In this paper, we first look closely into the architecture of WIA-PA and the responsibility of network manager. More specifically, we set our focus on the schemes and algorithms involved in the process of topology maintenance, routing configuration and communication resources allocation, which are the core responsibilities of the network manager. Finally, with Visual Studio .NET the paper has implemented the network manager of WIA-PA which has been running for a long time in the laboratory. The results show the network manager can effectively utilize channels and timeslots resources, optimize resource allocation and improve the overall WIA-PA performance.
Thermal phenomena in acrylic 193-nm resists (1999)

A combination of methods has been applied to determine the glass transition and decomposition temperatures for several series of methacrylic copolymers used in commercial 193 nm resist as a function of the environment experienced by the protective group. The decomposition of the MAdMa and MLMA monomers which are the basis of the commercial AZ EXP AX- 1000P system is not appreciably catalyzed by the presence of MAA comonomers, leading to the conclusions that there is no autocatalytic effect in the deprotection of photoresists using these groups. AZ EXP AX1000P is found to have a high Tg of about 154 degrees C, which is corroborated by thermal flow measurements of developed resist features. Due to a decomposition process initiated by one of the other resist components, the formulation is presently not of the annealing type.
Geometry, flows, and graph-partitioning algorithms (2008)

research-article Share on Geometry, flows, and graph-partitioning algorithms Authors: Sanjeev Arora Princeton University, Princeton, NJ Princeton University, Princeton, NJView Profile , Satish Rao UC, Berkeley, CA UC, Berkeley, CAView Profile , Umesh Vazirani UC, Berkeley, CA UC, Berkeley, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 51Issue 10October 2008 pp 96–105https://doi.org/10.1145/1400181.1400204Published:01 October 2008Publication History 27citation5,745DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations27Total Downloads5,745Last 12 Months3,921Last 6 weeks390 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Application of direct tracking method for measuring electrospun nanofiber diameter (2009)

In this paper, direct tracking method as an image analysis based technique for measuring electrospun nanofiber diameter has been presented and compared with distance transform method. Samples with known characteristics generated using a simulation scheme known as µ-randomness were employed to evaluate the accuracy of the method. Electrospun webs of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were also used to verify the applicability of the method on real samples. Since direct tracking as well as distance transform require binary input images, micrographs of the electrospun webs obtained from Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were first converted to black and white using local thresholding. Direct tracking resulted in more accurate estimations of fiber diameter for simulated images as well as electrospun webs suggesting the usefulness of the method for electrospun nanofiber diameter measurement.
Enhanced dielectric properties and positive temperature coefficient effect in the binary polymer composites with surface modified carbon black (2007)

We report a new kind of binary polymer [polypropylene (PP) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)] matrix composite containing surface modified carbon black (CB) by employing titanate coupling agent (NDZ-102) and silane coupling agent (KH550). Significant enhancement of dielectric properties (conductivity and permittivity) and positive temperature coefficient effect (PTC) were observed in the CB-PP/PVDF composites when the concentration of CB reaches a critical value. These could be attributed mainly to the bridge-linked role of coupling agents between the CB and the binary polymer, which also improve the CB dispersion in the composites. Compared with KH550, NDZ-102 can form a flexile and thin interface layer, inducing a more effective increase in conductivity of the composites. Additionally, the composite with NDZ-102 modified CB displays excellent PTC stability.
METHYLBIPHENYLS (1926)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMETHYLBIPHENYLSM. Gomberg and J. C. PernertCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1926, 48, 5, 1372–1384Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1926Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1926https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01416a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01416a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Total Synthesis of <scp>l</scp>-Biopterin from <scp>l</scp>-Tartaric Acid <i>via</i> 5-Deoxy-<scp>l</scp>-arabinose (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTTotal Synthesis of l-Biopterin from l-Tartaric Acid via 5-Deoxy-l-arabinoseAnne-Marie Fernandez and Lucette DuhamelView Author Information Université de Rouen, URA 464 CNRS et IRCOF, F-76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, FranceCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 24, 8698–8700Publication Date (Web):November 29, 1996Publication History Received26 July 1996Published online29 November 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo961426shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo961426sbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views752Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Chemical synthesis,Lactones,Monomers,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Isolation, nucleotide sequence, and expression of a cDNA encoding pig citrate synthase (1988)

Citrate synthase is a key enzyme of the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle and catalyzes the stereospecific synthesis of citrate from acetyl coenzyme A and oxalacetate. The amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure of pig citrate synthase dimers are known, and regions of the enzyme involved in substrate binding and catalysis have been identified. A cloned complementary DNA sequence encoding pig citrate synthase has been isolated from a pig kidney lambda gt11 cDNA library after screening with a synthetic oligonucleotide probe. The complete nucleotide sequence of the 1.5-kilobase cDNA was determined. The coding region consists of 1395 base pairs and confirms the amino acid sequence of purified pig citrate synthase. The derived amino acid sequence of pig citrate synthase predicts the presence of a 27 amino acid N-terminal leader peptide whose sequence is consistent with the sequences of other mitochondrial signal peptides. A conserved amino acid sequence in the mitochondrial leader peptides of pig citrate synthase and yeast mitochondrial citrate synthase was identified. To express the pig citrate synthase cDNA in Escherichia coli, we employed the inducible T7 RNA polymerase/promoter double plasmid expression vectors pGP1-2 and pT7-7 [Tabor, S., & Richardson, C. C. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82, 1074-1078]. The pig citrate synthase cDNA was modified to delete the N-terminal leader sequence; then by use of a synthetic oligonucleotide linker, the modified cDNA was cloned into pT7-7 immediately following the initiator Met. A glutamate-requiring (citrate synthase deficient), recA- E. coli mutant, DEK15, was transformed with pGP1-2 and then pT7-7PCS. pT7-7PCS complemented the E. coli gltA mutation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)