gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies of the Peptide YY and Neuropeptide Y2 Receptor Genes in Relation to Human Obesity and Obesity-Related Traits (2004)

Peptide-YY (PYY) is secreted from endocrine L-cells of the gastrointestinal tract in response to caloric ingestion and may mediate postprandial satiety through the hypothalamic neuropeptide Y2 receptor (Y2R). We examined whether variants in the genes encoding PYY and Y2R might be associated with obesity-related phenotypes in humans. Among 101 subjects with severe early-onset obesity and a history of hyperphagia, we found two rare sequence variants-L73P and IVS2 + 32delG-in PYY and three rare missense mutations-L40F, F87I, and A172T-in Y2R. Although none of these were found in 100 normal-weight white control subjects, L73P in PYY and F87I and A172T in Y2R did not segregate with obesity in family studies, and family data were unavailable for IVS2 + 32delG in PYY and L40F in Y2R. Two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), R72T and IVS3 + 68C>T, in PYY were in tight linkage disequilibrium but showed no association with BMI in a large white population. In the Y2R, two SNPs, 585T>C and 936T>C, were found and were in tight linkage disequilibrium. Men, homozygous for the rarer variant, had significantly lower BMI (P = 0.017), waist-to-hip ratio (P = 0.013), and, surprisingly, higher nonesterified fatty acid levels (P = 0.01). In conclusion, mutations in PYY and Y2R are not commonly found in humans with severe early-onset obesity. The relationship between common variants in Y2R and obesity-related traits deserves further exploration in other populations.
Receptor kinase‐mediated control of primary active proton pumping at the plasma membrane (2014)

Acidification of the cell wall space outside the plasma membrane is required for plant growth and is the result of proton extrusion by the plasma membrane-localized H+-ATPases. Here we show that the major plasma membrane proton pumps in Arabidopsis, AHA1 and AHA2, interact directly in vitro and in planta with PSY1R, a receptor kinase of the plasma membrane that serves as a receptor for the peptide growth hormone PSY1. The intracellular protein kinase domain of PSY1R phosphorylates AHA2/AHA1 at Thr-881, situated in the autoinhibitory region I of the C-terminal domain. When expressed in a yeast heterologous expression system, the introduction of a negative charge at this position caused pump activation. Application of PSY1 to plant seedlings induced rapid in planta phosphorylation at Thr-881, concomitant with an instantaneous increase in proton efflux from roots. The direct interaction between AHA2 and PSY1R observed might provide a general paradigm for regulation of plasma membrane proton transport by receptor kinases.
Practical responses to climate change: Developing national water policy and implementation plans for Pacific small island countries (2012)

The potential threats of climate change to Pacific Island Countries (PICs), and especially low-lying islands are well known. First impressions are that adaptation to change is an overwhelming task for PICs with limited capacities and resources. Some, however, have argued that any activity towards ecologically sustainable human development constitutes adaptation and that the only rational adaptation strategy is to develop the general capacity of a society to cope with change by building up its institutional structures and human resources while maintaining and enhancing the integrity of ecosystems. Others have suggested past experiences in coping with climate variability provide good lessons for developing adaptation policy and plans which, when coupled to the natural resilience of island populations, mean that prospects for adaptation are less bleak. Some have concluded that the international focus on adaptation to global climate change has distracted PICs from addressing the actual, local sustainability problems facing island communities, particularly in managing vital freshwater resources and ensuring their longer-term security, which is the focus of this paper. Here we describe a five phase adaptive planning process carried out to assist in the development of national water policy and implementation plans in two dissimilar PICs, which address both immediate and perceived future challenges. These PICs have water resource problems amongst the most challenging in the world. Population centres in small islands, particularly low atolls and carbonate islands, have rapidly growing populations and largely unplanned urbanisation with significant impacts on water quality. In these high-density areas, the traditional coping mechanisms and customary values appear mismatched to urban situations. These factors constitute greater risk to water security to the year 2030 than climate factors. There is often limited government direction, unclear management and regulatory roles, very few national water laws and limited information on the quantity and quality of water resources and their relation to climate. Because of these, clear public policies, specifying priority goals and policy implementation plans are necessary. Implementation is therefore a long-term process which requires suitable long-term support from regional organisations, aid and donor agencies giving due regard to the pressing needs and priorities for water security identified by the PICs themselves.
A Comparison of Two Skin Preps Used in Cardiac Surgical Procedures (1995)

Postoperative surgical site infections contribute significantly to increased patient morbidity and mortality rates and unnecessary hospital costs. Effective and efficient preoperative patient skin preparation is an important perioperative nursing intervention that decreases the number of wound contaminants and reduces the risks for postoperative surgical site infections. This study examined the effectiveness and time and material costs of two preoperative patient skin prep methods (ie, isopropyl alcohol prep/iodophor-impregnated adhesive drape method, iodophor scrub and paint prep/plain adhesive drape method). The isopropyl alcohol prep/iodophor-impregnated adhesive drape method clinically was as effective as the iodophor scrub and paint prep/plain adhesive drape method, more cost-effective when time and materials were compared, and less cost-effective when materials alone were compared. To make appropriate decisions about the use of preoperative patient skin prep methods, perioperative nurse managers and staff members need to examine and determine whether costs in time or materials have the greater impact on their surgical settings.
A Porcine Homolog of Human Integrin α6 is a Differentiation Antigen of Granulosa Cells1 (1995)

To search for new molecules relating to the mechanism(s) of follicular differentiation, we raised a new monoclonal antibody (mAb), POG-2, which reacted with the surface of porcine ovarian granulosa cells. An immunohistological study revealed that the antigen appeared initially on the primary follicles. The antigen expression increased during follicular development, reached the highest level in small follicles 1-2 mm in diameter, and then decreased in the preovulatory follicles. The antigen was not detected on luteal cells in the CL. SDS-PAGE profiles of POG-2 antigen purified from isolated porcine granulosa cells by immunoaffinity chromatography indicated that it consisted of two proteins (120 and 130 kDa) and that the antigenic epitope of POG-2 was on the 120-kDa protein. We next purified a large amount of POG-2 antigen from the homogenate of porcine ovaries by immunoaffinity chromatography. Analysis of the partial amino acid sequence of the 120-kDa protein showed that 16 amino acids from the amino terminus were very similar to those of both human and murine mature integrin alpha 6, with 88% homology. SDS-PAGE profiles revealed that the 120-kDa protein was bound to a 28-30-kDa protein by a disulfide bond; this was compatible with the reported characteristics of human integrin alpha 6. We then examined the immunoreactive distribution of integrin alpha 6 using anti-integrin alpha 6 mAb GoH3. The staining profiles obtained with GoH3 were very similar to those obtained with POG-2. These findings showed that the molecule detected by POG-2 was a porcine homolog of human integrin alpha 6 and that integrin alpha 6 was a differentiation antigen of porcine granulosa cells, suggesting an involvement of integrins in follicular differentiation.
Protein Kinase C Phosphorylation of Threonine at Position 888 in Ca2+-Sensing Receptor (CaR) Inhibits Coupling to Ca2+ Store Release (1998)

Previous studies in parathyroid cells, which express the G protein-coupled, extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR), showed that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) blunts high extracellular calcium (Ca2+o)-evoked stimulation of phospholipase C and the associated increases in cytosolic calcium (Ca2+i), suggesting that PKC may directly modulate the coupling of the CaR to intracellular signaling systems. In this study, we examined the role of PKC in regulating the coupling of the CaR to Ca2+i dynamics in fura-2-loaded human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293 cells) transiently transfected with the human parathyroid CaR. We demonstrate that several PKC activators exert inhibitory effects on CaR-mediated increases in Ca2+i due to release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Consistent with the effect being mediated by activation of PKC, the inhibitory effect of PKC activators on Ca2+ release can be blocked by a PKC inhibitor. The use of site-directed mutagenesis reveals that threonine at amino acid position 888 is the major PKC site that mediates the inhibitory effect of PKC activators on Ca2+ mobilization. The effect of PKC activation can be maximally blocked by mutating three PKC sites (Thr888, Ser895, and Ser915) or all five PKC sites. In vitro phosphorylation shows that Thr888 is readily phosphorylated by PKC. Our results suggest that phosphorylation of the CaR is the molecular basis for the previously described effect of PKC activation on Ca2+o-evoked changes in Ca2+i dynamics in parathyroid cells.
Fibril formation and therapeutic targeting of amyloid-like structures in a yeast model of adenine accumulation (2019)

The extension of the amyloid hypothesis to include non-protein metabolite assemblies invokes a paradigm for the pathology of inborn error of metabolism disorders. However, a direct demonstration of the assembly of metabolite amyloid-like structures has so far been provided only in vitro. Here, we established an in vivo model of adenine self-assembly in yeast, in which toxicity is associated with intracellular accumulation of the metabolite. Using a strain blocked in the enzymatic pathway downstream to adenine, we observed a non-linear dose-dependent growth inhibition. Both the staining with an indicative amyloid dye and anti-adenine assemblies antibodies demonstrated the accumulation of adenine amyloid-like structures, which were eliminated by lowering the supplied adenine levels. Treatment with a polyphenol inhibitor reduced the occurrence of amyloid-like structures while not affecting the dramatic increase in intracellular adenine concentration, resulting in inhibition of cytotoxicity, further supporting the notion that toxicity is triggered by adenine assemblies.
An Overview of Advances in Conductive Adhesive Joining Technology for Electronics Applications (1995)

Poly-meric electronic packaging u.sing conductive adhesives is expected to become a key technology for the assembly and manufacturing of electronics. It offers many advantages compared with conventional leadsolder based technology including lower processing temperature, environmental compatibility, simpler processing, and lower cost. Achievements worldwide in polymeric electronic packaging using conductive adhesives for electronics manu.facttlling at re earch institutes, universities, and electronic manufacturers are described. Particular note is made of R&D in the United States, in central Europe, and in the Scandinavian countries. Future challenges, problems, and trends are also discussed. Polymeric packaging in electronics is shown to be playing a significant role in electronics manufacturing that will become of increasing importance with many more applications anticpated in the future.
Accuracy of a Global Positioning System (GPS) for Weed Mapping (1997)

Experiments were conducted to test the accuracy of a global positioning system (GPS) in measuring the area of simulated weed patches of varying size and to determine the accuracy in navigating back to particular points in a field. Circular areas of 5, 50, and 500 m 2 were established and measured using point and polygon features of a GPS. The GPS estimations of the area of those patches had errors ranging from 7 to 45%, 6 to 15%, and 3 to 6%, respectively, when compared to actual measurements. As patch size increased, errors decreased. A curve describing the relationship between GPS error and patch size had an excellent fit ( r 2 = 0.92). The error remained the same in all measurements across all patch sizes, but composed a smaller percentage of large patches. The GPS had submeter accuracy in navigation to the correct quadrat 73% of the time, located the correct quadrat 27% of the time, and invariably navigated to within 1.58 m of the correct quadrat. The relationship between patch size and measurement error was applied to natural infestations of hemp dogbane.
Load balancing policies for multiple home agents mobile IP networks (2002)

In a continuously expanding mobile and wireless networking environment, Mobile IP is the preferred standard responsible for providing Internet connectivity to roaming mobile nodes. Under certain conditions of traffic, such as in Mobile IP networks supporting multimedia applications, overhead can cause delays at the mobility agents, i.e. foreign and home agents. While the Mobile IP standard does not exclude the possibility of using multiple home agents, it does not impose any particular model either; therefore using only one home agent in a classic home network configuration can significantly bottleneck the IP data packet streams destined to the mobile nodes. In this paper we consider a multiple home agent extension of the Mobile IP protocol. We develop a simulator in order to evaluate its performance, and we compare several results obtained during a comprehensive simulation study of the system. We introduce a realistic double-threshold load balancing policy, and compare its behaviour with that of other dynamic/static policies. Using simulation, we also analyze the impact of modifying the number of load balanced home agents on the overall system performance. The results show that some load balancing policies, expected to perform better than others, occasionally have an opposite behavior The behaviour proves out to be highly dependent on the degree of burstiness of the traffic. Under an unbalanced traffic configuration, the proposed double threshold policy performs better than the other static, dynamic load balancing schemes considered in our study.
Three-dimensional photonic crystals fabricated by visible light holographic lithography (2003)

In this report, we present three-dimensional photonic crystals fabricated by a four-beam holographic lithography method using visible photoinduced polymerization. High-quality face-centered-cubic single crystals with a large range of polymeric matrix volume fraction were fabricated using optimal conditions obtained from computer simulations. Optical measurements of the crystals showing photonic band-gap-like behavior are presented for different polymeric matrix volume fractions.
Design techniques for 32.75Gb/s and 56Gb/s wireline transceivers in 16nm FinFET (2017)

This paper describes circuit techniques for high speed transceivers used in FPGA applications. Three architectures in 16nm FinFET encompassing NRZ and PAM4 modulation are discussed. First, a 0.5-32.75Gb/s flexible reach NRZ transceiver achieves BER <;10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> over 30dB loss backplane at 32.75Gb/s while consuming 577mW. It features 3 stages of CTLE including a gain segmented AGC, 15 tap DFE, 2 LC PLLs and a ring PLL to offer continuous frequency range over both long and short reach channels. Secondly, a 40-56Gb/s PAM4 receiver with analog front end achieves BER<;10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> over a 10dB loss channel at 56Gb/s with crosstalk and consumes 230mW. It uses a direct feedback 10-tap DFE for power efficiency. Lastly, a 40-56Gb/s ADC based PAM4 transceiver achieves BER<;10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-8</sup> over a 31dB loss channel at 56Gb/s with crosstalk. It features a 4 stage CTLE, an 8-bit SAR ADC, a 14 tap FFE and a 1 tap DFE to achieve long reach operation.
PORTS AS SUSTAINABLE COMPLEX SYSTEMS (2007)

Ports and harbours are very large infrastructure projects which have great impact on the community, environment and the economy of a country. Ports are not only a vital lifeline link between water-side and land-side traffic, but are also sources of national wealth, pride and concern. Stakeholders now want requirements to be described in a creative, rigorous, and policy-relevant manner and for critical issues such as sustainable development to be incorporated into developments. This paper looks at the issue of sustainable development for ports and harbours as being one of managing complexity and considers how wider requirements may be accommodated. Most of the problems related to sustainability and sustainable development are typically complex and inter-related. It has been shown that the more complex a system the harder it is to manage, but by having insights into the causes of complexity in systems enables decisions to be made actions to be taken where otherwise there may be lost opportunities and ultimately reduced profits. Ports have to achieve a harmonious balance between the local community, the environment and economic issues. By applying systems engineering techniques and ideas surrounding complexity management this paper looks at the designing and subsequent management of ports & harbours and in so doing to develop clearer strategies. Research work into airport processes is used to gain insights into potential approaches for the management of ports and harbours.
New Frontiers in Gas Bearings (1964)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents reasons for the growth in gas bearing applications, using as an example a commonly used journal bearing to show the influence of several parameters on performance. Among these parameters are dimensionless force, attitude angle, friction force, and flow. Self-acting, externally pressurized, and hybrid bearings are compared. Bearing instabilities and dynamic forces are discussed and examples of present and future gas bearing applications are presented.</div>
Incorporation of<sup>13</sup>C-Labelled 5-<i>epi</i>-Aristolochene into Capsidiol in Green Pepper Seedlings (1994)

Journal Article Incorporation of 13C-Labelled 5-epi-Aristolochene into Capsidiol in Green Pepper Seedlings Get access Yuko Yoshizawa, Yuko Yoshizawa Plant Ecochemicals Project, ERATO, Research Development Corporation of Japan, RBP Building, 3–1–1, Megumino Kita, Eniwa-shi 061–13, Japan Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G 2, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takao Yamaura, Takao Yamaura Plant Ecochemicals Project, ERATO, Research Development Corporation of Japan, RBP Building, 3–1–1, Megumino Kita, Eniwa-shi 061–13, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Satoru Kawaii, Satoru Kawaii Plant Ecochemicals Project, ERATO, Research Development Corporation of Japan, RBP Building, 3–1–1, Megumino Kita, Eniwa-shi 061–13, Japan Present address: Biofouling Project, ERATO, JRDC, c/o Yokohama R&D Center, Niigata Engineering Co., Ltd., 27 Shin-isogo-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama 235, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tamotsu Hoshino, Tamotsu Hoshino Plant Ecochemicals Project, ERATO, Research Development Corporation of Japan, RBP Building, 3–1–1, Megumino Kita, Eniwa-shi 061–13, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Junya Mizutani Junya Mizutani Plant Ecochemicals Project, ERATO, Research Development Corporation of Japan, RBP Building, 3–1–1, Megumino Kita, Eniwa-shi 061–13, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Volume 58, Issue 2, 1 January 1994, Pages 305–308, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.58.305 Published: 01 January 1994 Article history Received: 27 July 1993 Published: 01 January 1994
Self-Assembly of Nanoscopic Dodecahedra from 50 Predesigned Components (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSelf-Assembly of Nanoscopic Dodecahedra from 50 Predesigned ComponentsBogdan Olenyuk, Michael D. Levin, Jeffery A. Whiteford, Jeffrey E. Shield, and Peter J. StangView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 44, 10434–10435Publication Date (Web):October 22, 1999Publication History Received3 September 1999Revised24 September 1999Published online22 October 1999Published inissue 1 November 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9931933https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9931933rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3064Altmetric-Citations271LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Oligomers,Self organization,Stiffness,Supramolecular chemistry,Transmission electron microscopy Get e-Alerts
A Lab-on-a-Chip using magnetic droplets (2006)

We present a chip-based bio-analysis system using the two dimensional (2D) magnetic manipulation of microdroplets. The latter contain magnetic microparticles which serve as force mediators for the droplet actuation. In combination with a changeable field topology over the chip surface, we are able to perform all droplet manipulation steps, like transport, merging, mixing and splitting of droplets on our chip, as presented recently [1]. Based on such a droplet manipulation system, we implemented different bio-analysis protocols such as the on-chip colorimetric detection of biologically active markers and the on-chip purification of DNA. Both procedures show excellent results and demonstrate the potential use of the two-dimensional magnetic droplet manipulation system as a platform for miniaturized bio-analytical systems.