gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Word Embedding Based Correlation Model for Question/Answer Matching (2017)

The large scale of Q&A archives accumulated in community based question answering (CQA) servivces are important information and knowledge resource on the web. Question and answer matching task has been attached much importance to for its ability to reuse knowledge stored in these systems: it can be useful in enhancing user experience with recurrent questions. In this paper, a Word Embedding based Correlation (WEC) model is proposed by integrating advantages of both the translation model and word embedding. Given a random pair of words, WEC can score their co-occurrence probability in Q&A pairs, while it can also leverage the continuity and smoothness of continuous space word representation to deal with new pairs of words that are rare in the training parallel text. An experimental study on Yahoo! Answers dataset and Baidu Zhidao dataset shows this new method's promising potential.
Optical path restoration schemes and cross-connect architectures for photonic transport networks (2002)

An optical path cross-connect (OPXC) system is an essential component for creating photonic transport networks. This paper classifies various schemes used to restore link failures in optical path networks according to restoration methods and rerouting location. We then describe the common OPXC structure and their required functions as related to each restoration scheme. Next, we evaluate the number of optical fibers required in these restoration schemes when using a VWP (virtual wavelength path) network model with a single link failure. Finally, this paper presents an OPXC node architecture based on a restoration scheme which can reduce the total number of fibers the most. The OPXC node, which accommodates 64 optical paths and uses our 8/spl times/8 PI-LOSS (Path-independent Insertion LOSS) switches, will then be evaluated in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and coherent crosstalk.
Office Activity Procedure Exception Handling Realization Difficulties. (2004)

Abstract. Office activity procedure automation is getting very popular in major organizations. During the automation then workflow method is chosen frequently, because of its possibility to reflect real world business processes in a transparent and informative way. By automating such activities, organization gains a possibility to share resources between distant company departments, shortens the activity fulfillment time, and reaches work efficiency. It’s a pity, but workflow doesn’t support real world deviations, which often occur during document or project preparation. Every possible exception or deviation must be foreseen during the process build-time. The most difficult to solve are run-time exceptions. They are difficult to catch, their impact to the process can be determinant to the final goal and they irritate the user most of all. This paper focuses on the business process, modeled using workflow exception handling, and exception impact to the business process and user reliance on the system. The proposed decomposed workflow method shows how an office activity automation application could reach flexibility and support run-time exceptions. Combining the solutions of all mentioned above problems into a consistent solution, the exception handling could be achieved in a flexible way.
Is This the First International Merger Wave (2000)

This article presents international evidence on takeover activity, and uses that evidence to argue that the current takeover wave can fairly be called the first-ever international merger wave, as much or more than it can be called the fifth U.S. merger wave. I also discuss the factors that contribute to the strength of the current takeover wave and why the takeover boom has engendered so little political concern. A longer version of this article was published as The First International Merger Wave and the Fifth and Last U.S. Wave, 54 University of Miami Law Review 799-818 (2000), and is available from the Social Science Research Network electronic library at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=231101
Coordination chemistry of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-benzoxazole with gallium(III) and aluminum(III): two uncommon Group 13 metal environments stabilized by a biologically relevant binding group (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoordination chemistry of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-benzoxazole with gallium(III) and aluminum(III): two uncommon Group 13 metal environments stabilized by a biologically relevant binding groupH. R. Hoveyda, Steven J. Rettig, and Chris OrvigCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 22, 4909–4913Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00074a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views257Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (656 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The radiosensitivity of a murine fibrosarcoma as measured by three cell survival assays. (1980)

The radiation sensitivity of a weakly immunogenic spontaneous fibrosarcoma of the C3Hf/Sed mouse (designated FSa-II) was assessed by three in vivo cell survival methods: end-point dilution (TD50) assay, lung colony (LC) assay, and agar diffusion chamber (ADC) assay. The hypoxic fraction of this tumour was also determined by the ADC method. Although there was a good agreement of the cell survival data between the ADC and LC methods, the TD50 method yielded a considerably less steep cell survival curve. Beneficial aspects and limitations of each assay are discussed. In addition, the use of the ADC method for the growth of xenogeneic cell lines and a preliminary experiment with human tumour cells in non-immunosuppressed hosts suggest that this method may be a valuable adjunct for studying the growth and therapeutic responses of human tumour cells.
Kinetics of HIV-1 Replication and Intracellular Accumulation of Particles in HTLV-I-Transformed Cells (1990)

The replication kinetics of HIV were examined in HTLV-I-transformed MT-2 cells. The duration of the initial replication cycle was 20 hours, determined by the first detection of infectious progeny virus, development of syncytia, and production of viral RNA and protein. A phase of exponential virus production followed until 62 h postinfection. Cell death occurred in the final phase of infection during which infectious virus production remained constant even though viral RNA and protein production increased at an exponential rate. Accumulations of HIV particles were observed within cytoplasmic vacuoles of infected MT-2 cells. Although cell lysates contained high titers of infectious virus, our data show that an increasing proportion of particles produced late in infection were not infectious.
The effect of nitrate on VOC removal in trickle bed biofilters (1996)

Biofiltration is becoming an established economical air pollution control technology for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste air streams. This study utilizes diethyl ether as a VOC substrate and nitrate as a nitrogen nutrient source to investigate the effect of nitrate on VOC removal. Two trickle bed biofilters with pelletized media were operated co-currently at ether loading rates of 1.78 and 3.56 kg COD/m3·day respectively, with a low empty bed retention time of 25 seconds, inlet gas flow rate of 8.64 m3/day and nutrient liquid flow rate of 1 1/day. The ether removal efficiencies improved from 72% to over 99% with increasing influent nitrate concentration from 66.7 to 266 mg NO3-N/l in the higher loaded column. Throughout the experiment, nitrate persisted in the liquid effluent. The lower ether removal at low influent nitrate concentrations was not due to nitrogen shortage, which suggests that the nitrate diffusion in the biofilms is rate determining. The higher COD:N consumption ratio in the biofilter with higher ether loading also indicates that ether removal may benefit from the utilization of nitrate as an alternative electron accepter in the deeper layers of the biofilm where the oxygen may be limited.
The location of C-protein in rabbit skeletal muscle (1976)

Abstract Antibodies to C-protein have been used to label fibres of glycerinated rabbit psoas muscle. The labelling patterns observed in the electron microscope show that C-protein is located on 7 stripes, spaced about 43 nm apart in each half of the A-band. Between two and four C-protein molecules per filament are present at each stripe. The labelling patterns also reveal the existence of two previously unrecognized components of the thick filament present in two further stripes in each half of the A-band. The location of C-protein and these other components accounts for many of the stripes seen in sections of the A-band and in negatively stained A-segments and provides new information on the packing of myosin molecules in the thick filament.
Fiber gyroscope with phase-modulated single-sideband detection (1984)

Phase-modulated single-sideband detection is applied to a fiber gyroscope. The Sagnac phase is linearly transposed into the phase of an electrical low-frequency signal by using an integrated-optic phase modulator, which is driven by a proper modulating waveform. This detection scheme can provide a high dynamic range. The principle and first experimental results are reported.
Relation of Iodine Reaction and Polymerization Degree of Amylose (1959)

玉蜀黍澱粉から温水抽出ブタノール法でアミロースを調製し,塩酸で時間を変えて加水分解して得たる加水分解産物からアミロース・ヨード複合体の沈澱性を利用してアミロデキストリンの分別を行った.沈澱しないアミロデキストリンはアルコールを用いて分別沈澱を行った.得られたアミロデキストリンのヨード反応の色と平均重合度との関係はヨード反応の色青平均重合度61以上,青紫41,紫34,赤紫28,赤21,淡赤黄16であった.〔註〕ヨード親和力とヨード吸収量との関係.ヨード親和力の測定はS. Lansky等(2)と同様に測定し,各測定点における加えた全ヨード量から遊離ヨード量を差引いたヨード量をヨード吸収量(Lansky等は結合ヨード量)とし,遊離ヨード量(本研究ではNで表示する. Lansky等はmgで表示)とヨード吸収量との関係をグラフに画き,画かれたグラフの上の直線部分を軸に外挿して得たヨード吸収量を,特に試料のヨード親和力とする.ヨード吸収量,ヨード親和力共に試料に対する%で表わす.(二国二郎:澱粉化学, p. 363 (1955), J. A. Radley: Starch and its derivatives, p. 150 (1953)参照).
Representation of rotor spiders in reduced finite-element models for cage rotors (1995)

The high degree of symmetry present in many induction motor cage rotors lends itself well to a reduction in model size from one that comprises one or more poles, to one spanning a single slot pitch. This use of a reduced model ensures that a fine finite element mesh of typically around 300 nodes may be used to model intricate rotor slot shapes. Such a fine mesh would be prohibitively expensive if a greater part of the machine had to be modelled. The single-slot symmetry of the cage rotor is disrupted, however, when the rotor core is supported using a spider. The purpose of this paper is to investigate means of accommodating rotor spiders in reduced rotor models in an averaged sense. Comparisons are made between models with modifications that allow for spiders and more extensive models in which these features are more realistically represented.
Processing Corrosive Crude Oils (1999)

Abstract For more than 50 years it has been understood in the petroleum refining industry that certain crude oils, or more accurately crude oil fractions, contain sulfur species and levels of organic acids that may be very corrosive to equipment and piping in crude distillation and downstream units. Despite the longevity of the problem, there is still much to be learned about the nature of crude oil corrosion and the factors that influence it’s severity and consequently it's predictability. This paper consists of an overview of a unique approach that has been developed to predict crude oil corrosivity from a fundamental understanding of the crude oil history. This approach is a key element in a comprehensive strategy that is being used to assist refineries evaluate and then minimize the risks to reliability resulting from the processing of a more corrosive crude diet.
Ellipsometry and its applications to surface examination (1973)

Ellipsometry is a technique which is suitable for the examination of thin films of materials and surface layers. The paper gives the theory and outline of the basic instrument and the modifications which have been employed to increase the sensitivity of the method. An indication is given of the application to thickness measurement and optical constants for absorbing and nonabsorbing media.
Encapsulation of Enzymes in Biodegradable Tubular Structures (2008)

Enzymes were directly encapsulated in microtubes fabricated by coelectrospinning. Coelectrospinning makes it possible to separate between an organic phase, which may be harmful to enzyme activity, and an aqueous one. In this report, enzymes were incorporated in an aqueous core solution of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) while the shell solution was made of polycaprolactone (PCL) dissolved in a mixture of chloroform and dimethylformamide (DMF). Indeed, this separation was found to preserve the enzymatic activities of two enzymes during and after electrospinning, as ascertained when the fiber mats were placed in an aqueous assay environment. The shell morphology was altered by blending PCL with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). This blending induced pores in the shell which in turn pronouncedly affected the movement of molecules into or out of the fibers. An enzyme of about 80 kDa, alkaline phosphatase (AP), diffused through the pores into the surrounding medium. The fibers can thus act as release devices. However, a larger enzyme, β-galactosidase (465 kDa), remained in the fibers without any leaching. Enzyme assays showed that the substrates of both enzymes diffused efficiently into the fibers and were cleaved by the encapsulated enzyme, and the reaction product then diffused outside. With encapsulated β-galactosidase, the fiber acted as an efficient enzymatic microreactor and the relative enzymatic activity reached a level of about 50%.
Modulation of Proliferating Renal Epithelial Cell Affinity for Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals (2004)

Adhesion of urinary crystals to distal tubular cells could be a critical event that triggers a cascade of responses ending in kidney stone formation. Monolayer cultures of distal nephron-derived MDCKI cells were used as a model to study crystal-cell interactions. COM crystal adhesion reached a peak 2 d after plating and progressively fell thereafter. The decline in crystal binding was accelerated by prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) supplementation and delayed by blockade of PG production. Crystals avidly adhered to cells that migrated in to repair a scrape wound made in the monolayer and after a transient hypoglycemic insult. Exposure of MDCKI cells to uric acid crystals and soluble uric acid was also associated with increased crystal adhesion. Treatment of physically or hypoglycemically injured cells with trypsin or neuraminidase reduced crystal binding to baseline levels, suggesting that increased exposure of cell surface glycoproteins mediated the effect, whereas PGE(2) treatment blunted crystal binding to regenerating cells. Furthermore, when cells were grown in the presence of synthetic d-mannosamine analogues that can modify the conformation of cell surface sialoglycoconjugates, crystal binding to proliferating cells was decreased, whereas blockade of N-glycosylation with tunicamycin increased crystal adhesion to these cells. Therefore, COM crystal binding is enhanced to growing renal cells, synthesis of N-glycosylated cell surface proteins is essential to downregulate crystal binding to cells, and this response is modulated by physiologic signals such as PGE(2). Sialic acid residues seem to mediate crystal adhesion to growing cells, either directly or via linkage to other crystal-binding molecules. Subtle renal injury and subsequent nephron repair could be a factor promoting crystal adhesion and favoring calculus formation.
Jekyll on iOS: when benign apps become evil (2013)

Apple adopts the mandatory app review and code sign-ing mechanisms to ensure that only approved apps can run on iOS devices. In this paper, we present a novel attack method that fundamentally defeats both mecha-nisms. Our method allows attackers to reliably hide ma-licious behavior that would otherwise get their app re-jected by the Apple review process. Once the app passes the review and is installed on an end user’s device, it can be instructed to carry out the intended attacks. The key idea is to make the apps remotely exploitable and subsequently introduce malicious control flows by rearranging signed code. Since the new control flows do not exist during the app review process, such apps, namely Jekyll apps, can stay undetected when reviewed and easily obtain Apple’s approval. We implemented a proof-of-concept Jekyll app and successfully published it in App Store. We remotely launched the attacks on a controlled group of devices that installed the app. The result shows that, despite run-ning inside the iOS sandbox, Jekyll app can successfully perform many malicious tasks, such as stealthily posting tweets, taking photos, stealing device identity informa-tion, sending email and SMS, attacking other apps, and even exploiting kernel vulnerabilities. 1
안전항 판례동향과 시사점에 관한 연구 (2010)

As more than 90% of global trade is carried by sea there is little doubt that the safety of the ports at which the world's trading fleet call is of critical concern. The concept of 'safe port' continues to be an area of critical concern for charterers and ship-owners. In light of increased global security and health risks the recognised principles are under security. This paper examines the nature of safe port, and analyses the precedent trend of safe port and its Implication
Quantum dot networks with weighted coupling (2003)

The capabilities of a particular quantum dot network with weighted dot coupling is investigated. A network configuration method is introduced for large scale applications. The method is based on using template images in order to assign weighted coupling between the dot pairs. A symmetrical update rule is defined for the coupling conductances as a function of the template image data. The described method is incorporated into a dedicated simulator, and the configured networks are simulated at the circuit-system level. It is shown that additional image processing capabilities like the line and motion detection are possible with such configurations of the quantum dot network connectivity.
The Prediction of Integrase Inhibitors Efficacy in Third Line Regimen after First and Second Line Antiretroviral Therapy Failure in Senegal (2014)

The optimal efficacy of the INI depends on the backbone of nucleoside inhibitors, which seems to be challenged in a context of late switch and drug resistance mutations accumulations. It is also known that before using the 3rd line regimen, a drug resistance testing is recommended. This paper aims to predict the efficacy of integrase inhibitors in third line regimen after 1st and 2nd line failure and to describe the HIV-1 genetic diversity. A cross sectional study was conducted in 52 Senegalese HIV-1 infected patients. After viral load (VL) quantification, a drug resistance testing was performed for patients with VL ≥ 3log10 copies/ml. ART combinations and DRM for each patient were considered to predict possible future regimens. The phylogenetic analysis was done using Seaview v4.4.2 and Simplot v3.5.1 software’s. The medians of virological failure (VL) and treatment follow up duration in 1st and 2nd line ART were respectively 4.09 vs 1.6 log10 copies/ml and 55 vs 32 months. The most common therapeutic combinations were 2 NRTI (D4T/AZT+3TC)+1NNRTI (EFV/NVP) and 2 NRTI (TDF+3TC/FTC)+1 PI (LPVr) respectively at 1st and 2nd line. A number of 29 and 13 in VF (VL ≥ 3log10 copies/ml) were genotyped on Protease and partial RT genes at 1st and 2nd line ART; and 12 among the 13 were genotyped in integrase gene. The TAMs (85.5 vs 90.9%), M184V (32.9 vs 27.3%) and K103N (24.2 vs 33.3%) were predominant both for the 1st and 2nd line therapy. No major DRM was found in integrase gene. The phylogenetic analysis shows a predominance of CRF_02AG both in protease-partial RT and integrase genes. Third line regimen including NRTI and new generation of NNRTI is possible only for 6/12 patients failing in second line ART. These findings highlighted the importance to reinforce virological monitoring of HIV-1 infected patients and to consider the drug resistance results for a third line regimen.
Ocean Reference Stations (ORS): An Air-Sea Flux Reference Network (2006)

As a part of the global array of ocean time series stations or observatories, surface moorings equipped with comprehensive surface meteorological and air-sea exchange sensor systems are planned at key sites. The sites are chosen to be representative of the diverse meteorological regimes of the world's oceans and would be permanently occupied in order to collect long time series in support of climate monitoring and prediction, of making accurate maps of the air-sea fluxes of heat, freshwater and momentum, of improving numerical weather prediction and other atmospheric models, and of understanding, modeling and predicting ocean variability. These sites are known as Ocean Reference Stations (ORS). This paper reviews work at select ORS in order to illustrate methodology and results
Género y martirio. Sobre la passio perpetuae (1997)

La influencia de las ideas del movimiento feminista, que ha llevado a la incorporación de la temática del género dentro del ámbito de las Ciencias Sociales, ha alcanzado también las investigaciones en el área de la Historia Antigua y de la Filología Clásica, llevando a la búsqueda de personajes históricos femeninos y a prestar mayor atención a los pocos textos antiguos, compuestos por mujeres, que han llegado hasta nosotros. Uno de estos textos es la <i>Passio Sanctarum Perpetuae et Felicitatis</i>, el cual desde la antigüedad hasta nuestros días es considerado como uno de los testimonios más conmovedores no sólo de la literatura cristiana, sino de la literatura en general.\n\n<i>(Párrafo extraído del texto a modo de resumen)</i>
Focus detection from digital in-line holograms based on spectral l_1 norms (2007)

A rapid focus-detection technique based directly on the spectral content of digital holograms is developed. It differs from previous approaches in that it does not need a full reconstruction of the image. The technique uses l(1) norms of object spectral components associated with the real and imaginary parts of the reconstruction kernel. Further, the l(1) norms can be computed efficiently in the spatial frequency domain using a polar coordinate system, yielding a drastic speedup of approximately 2 orders of magnitude compared with image-based focus detection. Significant computational savings are achieved when subsequent image reconstructions are done selectively over the detected focus distances. Focus-detection results from holograms of plankton are demonstrated that show the technique is both accurate and robust.
Real-Time Rendering Using CUReT BRDF Materials with Zernike Polynomials (2004)

Figure 1 – Dragon real-time rendering sequence using material Rabbit Fur (24). In the second image the light direction was changed with respect to the first image. In the third image the light direction is the same but the view direction was rotated. In the last image view direction was changed as well.