gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NON-EQUILIBRIUM DISTRIBUTIONS OF MOLECULAR VIBRATIONAL STATES (1963)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. W. Muller, A. Sher, R. Solomon, D. G. Dow; NON‐EQUILIBRIUM DISTRIBUTIONS OF MOLECULAR VIBRATIONAL STATES. Appl. Phys. Lett. 15 February 1963; 2 (4): 86–88. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1753787 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
On the acceleration of richardson's method, 1 : Theoretical part (1967)

If we know the eigenvalues ,\i, we may take the zeros of PK(,\) to coincide with the values,\=,\"' resulting in a zero spectral norm J.for PK(L).In actual application, however, there exists a large number of eigenvalues ,\ . ., thus we must perform many iterations.Moreover in J.most cases we only have a rough estimate for the first eigenvalue ,\ 1 and the last eigenvalue ,\M = o(L).Another method to keep o(PK(L)) small is to minimize the polynomial PK(,\) over the continuous interval [,\ 1 , o(L)].For this we only need to know the first and last eigenvalue of L.
Anti‐Stokes scattering as an XUV radiation source and flashlamp (1982)

Anti‐Stokes scattering from atoms in an electrically excited discharge provides a means of translating many properties of visible lasers into the XUV. These properties include tunability, narrow linewidth, picosecond time scale, and prescribed polarization. This paper describes the use of anti‐Stokes scattering for absorption and emission spectroscopy of core‐excited levels and as a flashlamp for XUV lasers.
Contrast enhancement system using spatially adaptive histogram equalization with temporal filtering (1998)

In this paper we propose a block-overlapped histogram equalization system for enhancing contrast of image sequences. The proposed system has various applications such as video door phone, security video cameras, in addition to the original target video camcorders.
Variable expression of osteogenesis imperfecta in a nuclear family is explained by somatic mosaicism for a lethal point mutation in the alpha 1(I) gene (COL1A1) of type I collagen in a parent. (1990)

Fibroblasts from a man with a mild form of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and from his son with perinatal lethal OI (OI type II) produced normal and abnormal type I procollagen molecules. The abnormal molecules synthesized by both cell strains contained one or two pro alpha 1(I) chains in which the glycine at position 550 of the triple-helical domain was substituted by arginine as the result of a G-to-A transition in the first base of the glycine codon. Cells from the mother produced only normal type I procollagen molecules. By allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization to amplified genomic sequences from paternal tissues we determined that the mutant allele accounted for approximately 50% of the COL1A1 alleles in fibroblasts, 27% of those in blood, and 37% of those in sperm. These findings demonstrate that the father is mosaic for the potentially lethal mutation and suggest that the OI phenotype is determined by the nature of the mutation and the relative abundance of the normal and mutant alleles in different tissues. Furthermore, the findings make it clear that some individuals with mild to moderate forms of OI are mosaic for mutations that will be lethal in their offspring.
2014 update (2014)

In Brief Take a glimpse into the pharmacologic future and review highlights of significant drugsin the U.S. pipeline this year.
The nuclear matrix: a critical appraisal. (1996)

It is becoming increasingly clear that the cell nucleus is a highly structurized organelle. Because of its tight compartmentalization, it is generally believed that a framework must exist, responsible for maintaining such a spatial organization. Over the last twenty years many investigations have been devoted to identifying the nuclear framework. Structures isolated by different techniques have been obtained in vitro and are variously referred to as nuclear matrix, nucleoskeleton or nuclear scaffold. Many different functions, such as DNA replication and repair, mRNA transcription, processing and transport have been described to occur in close association with these structures. However, there is still much debate as to whether or not any of these preparations corresponds to a nuclear framework that exists in vivo. In this article we summarize the most commonly-used methods for obtaining preparations of nuclear frameworks and we also stress the possible artifacts that can be created in vitro during the isolation procedures. Emphasis is placed also on the protein composition of the frameworks as well as on some possible signalling functions that have been recently described to occur in tight association with the nuclear matrix.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Novel Polysubstituted Thiophene and 1,3,4‐ Thiadiazole Derivatives. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Discrete plasticity in sub-10-nm-sized gold crystals (2010)

Although deformation processes in submicron-sized metallic crystals are well documented, the direct observation of deformation mechanisms in crystals with dimensions below the sub-10-nm range is currently lacking. Here, through in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) observations, we show that (1) in sharp contrast to what happens in bulk materials, in which plasticity is mediated by dislocation emission from Frank-Read sources and multiplication, partial dislocations emitted from free surfaces dominate the deformation of gold (Au) nanocrystals; (2) the crystallographic orientation (Schmid factor) is not the only factor in determining the deformation mechanism of nanometre-sized Au; and (3) the Au nanocrystal exhibits a phase transformation from a face-centered cubic to a body-centered tetragonal structure after failure. These findings provide direct experimental evidence for the vast amount of theoretical modelling on the deformation mechanisms of nanomaterials that have appeared in recent years.
Dynamic display of distributed tactile shape information by a prototypical actuator array (2002)

Human-system-interfaces for haptic display with emphasis on tactile information are research fields of growing interest. Their application to system design in multi-modal telepresence and virtual environment (VE) systems implies mechatronics engineering challenges as well as the need for consideration of human factors. A tactile actuator array for dynamic display of distributed tactile shape information is presented. Actuator design focus was directed at high pin forces and a bandwidth sufficient for most one-fingered tactile shape exploration tasks performed by dynamic interaction. The resulting overall device dimensions currently prohibit an attachment to the effector of typical kinesthetic feedback devices. Experimental results are presented for a virtual presence scenario where tactile stimulation emerges from dynamic interaction between virtual objects on a conveyer belt moving relative to a resting fingertip.
Development of a simple device for a moisture-proof X-ray diffraction analysis (1997)

A simple device was developed for a moisture-proof X-ray diffraction analysis. The device consists of a simple plastic ring where one side was glued on with a thin film to let in the X-ray beam and the other side was covered with grease to seal onto a base plate. This device was later optimized by selecting a good adhesive to glue on the film, a very effective film to minimize the moisture intake, and an optimum ring height to maximize the X-ray intensity. Finally, this simple device was successfully verified that it can protect the anhydrous CaCl 2 (hydrophilite) up to 4 days in ambient air.
Predicting next location using a variable order Markov model (2014)

Due to the booming industry of location-based services, the analysis of human location histories is increasingly important. Next location prediction is essential to many location-based services. Predicting user's next location usually involves obtaining significant places from the history trajectories and predicting location with a certain statistic model. This paper presents new approaches to deal with both of above problems. For the former problem, a hierarchical clustering algorithm is proposed. We first identify specific features of stay points and then group the GPS points satisfying the identified features to form stay points by a new algorithm which is a variant of DBSCAN clustering algorithm. After that these stay points can be clustered to form significant places. For the later problem, taking the drawbacks like high space complexity and zero frequency problem in N-order Markov Model into consideration, we train a variable order Markov Model to predict next location. The variable order Markov Model uses escape mechanism to address the zero frequency problem and uses a tree structure to decrease the amount of memory needed in N-order Markov Model. An extensive set of experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the performance of proposed methods based on a real-world dataset, GeoLife.
The future of the rural hospital: assessing the alternatives. (1987)

Rural hospitals have new opportunities to create health systems that mesh with their own limitations and potential. Trustees who see the provision of high quality health care as their ultimate responsibility (and not the maintenance of a building with beds) will help their hospitals successfully meet the health needs of rural America.
Design and Evaluation of Polymeric Ocular Drug Delivery System (2009)

The objective of the present study was to prepare ocular inserts of Gatifloxacin. The inserts were fabricated by solvent casting technique, with an aim by achieving once a day administration in the treatment of conjunctivitis. Inserts were evaluated for film thickness, weight variation, drug content, percentage moisture absorption and loss. In-vitro drug release studies were done using bi-chambered donar receiver compartment model. The optimized formulations were subjected to in-vivo studies using rabbits as an animal model and stability studies to assess the effectiveness of the formulations. Finally in-vitro and in-vivo correlation was established. In-vitro drug release data was treated according to zero, first, Korsemeyer Peppas and Higuchi kinetics to access the mechanism of drug release. Formulations were found to be uniform in physicochemical parameter with a fewer variations. Plasticizer was found to influence in mechanical properties as well as modify the drug release rate of the films. Prepared ocular inserts exhibited desired release within 24 h and found to be strongly revealing the efficacy of in vitro-in vivo correlation. From stability studies inserts were remained stable both physically and chemically. No burst effect but a prolonged drug release was observed from all formulations. Thus it achieves target such as increased residence time, prolonged drug release, reduction in frequency of administration and may improve the patient compliance.
Chilling Susceptibility of the Blue-green Alga <i>Anacystis nidulans</i> (1981)

Effects of chilling treatment on the photosynthetic activities and the light-absorption and fluorescence spectra were investigated in intact cells of the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans that were grown at different temperatures. When the algal cells grown at 38 C were treated at 0 C for 10 minutes, the photosynthesis and the Hill reaction with 1,4-benzoquinone were significantly inactivated and the light-absorption spectrum of carotenoids was modified. These parameters showed very similar temperature dependencies in the chilling susceptibility and the temperature regions critical for the susceptibility depended on the growth temperature. The midpoint values for the critical temperature regions were 4, 6, and 12 C in cells grown at 28, 33, and 38 C, respectively. It is proposed that a common mechanism would underlie the chilling susceptibility of the photosynthesis, the Hill reaction, and the carotenoid absorption spectrum. The decoupling of excitation transfer from allophycocyanin to chlorophyll a at the chilling temperatures occurred very slowly and is attributed to a somewhat different mechanism of the chilling susceptibility.
Developmental and tissue-specific expression of nuclear proteins that bind the regulatory element of the major histocompatibility complex class I gene. (1989)

Expression of MHC class I genes varies according to developmental stage and type of tissues. To study the basis of class I gene regulation in tissues in vivo, we examined binding of nuclear proteins to the conserved cis sequence of the murine H-2 gene, class I regulatory element (CRE), which contains two independent factor-binding sites, region I and region II. In gel mobility shift analyses we found that extracts from adult tissues that express class I genes, such as spleen and liver, had binding activity to region I. In contrast, extracts from brain, which does not express class I genes, did not show region I binding activity. In addition, fetal tissues that express class I gene at very low levels, also did not reveal region I binding activity. Binding activity to region I became detectable during the neonatal period when class I gene expression sharply increases. Most of these tissues showed binding activity to region II, irrespective of class I gene expression. Although region II contained a sequence similar to the AP-1 recognition site, AP-1 was not responsible for the region II binding activity detected in this work. These results illustrate a correlation between region I binding activity and developmental and tissue-specific expression of MHC class I genes. The CRE exerts an enhancer-like activity in cultured fibroblasts. We evaluated the significance of each factor binding to CRE. Single 2-bp mutations were introduced into the CRE by site-directed mutagenesis and the ability of each mutant to elicit the enhancer activity was tested in transient CAT assays. A mutation that eliminated region I protein binding greatly impaired enhancer activity. A mutation that eliminated region II binding also caused a lesser but measurable effect. We conclude that region I and region II are both capable of enhancing transcription of the class I gene. These results indicate that in vivo regulation of MHC class I gene expression is mediated by binding of trans-acting factors to the CRE.
Unsymmetric Lanczos model reduction and linear state function observer for flexible structures (1991)

This report summarizes part of the research work accomplished during the second year of a two-year grant. The research, entitled 'Application of Lanczos Vectors to Control Design of Flexible Structures' concerns various ways to use Lanczos vectors and Krylov vectors to obtain reduced-order mathematical models for use in the dynamic response analyses and in control design studies. This report presents a one-sided, unsymmetric block Lanczos algorithm for model reduction of structural dynamics systems with unsymmetric damping matrix, and a control design procedure based on the theory of linear state function observers to design low-order controllers for flexible structures.
Kupffer Cells Generate Superoxide Anions and Modulate Reperfusion Injury in Rat Livers After Cold Preservation (1997)

This study was designed to determine the source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and whether Kupffer cells modulate the injury of perfused rat liver after cold preservation. The livers of male Lewis rats pretreated with schizophyllan glucan (SPG) (10 mg/kg, SPG group) or gadolinium chloride (5 mg/kg; Gd group) and untreated rats (control group) were preserved in University of Wisconsin solution for 0, 12, and 24 hours at 4 degrees C and then perfused for 60 minutes with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer. Real-time chemiluminescence (CL) of the liver during perfusion was measured using a sensitive photomultiplier, and reperfusion injury was assessed by measuring lipid peroxidation and lactate dehydrogenase release. CL intensity reached a peak within 5 minutes of reperfusion, and superoxide dismutase completely inhibited this CL in all groups. In the control group, the total CL intensity was high after 24 hours of preservation. It significantly (P < .05 vs. control group) increased in the SPG group, while it decreased in the Gd group after 12 and 24 hours of preservation. The total CL intensity decreased by 70% (when diphenyliodonium chloride (100 micromol/L; an NADPH oxidase inhibitor) was added to the perfusate before preservation of untreated rats. Lipid peroxidation and lactate dehydrogenase release significantly (P < .05) deteriorated in the SPG group, while they ameliorated in the Gd group after 24 hours of preservation. These results demonstrate that Kupffer cells primarily generate superoxide anions and modulate the organ injury in the initial phase of reperfusion after cold preservation.
Complete Cross-Validation and <i>R</i>-Factor Calculation of a Solid-State NMR Derived Structure (2001)

Cross-validation of a solid-state NMR-derived membrane polypeptide structure is demonstrated. An initial structure has been achieved directly from solid-state NMR derived orientational restraints based on a variety of anisotropic nuclear spin interactions. Refining the molecular structure involves setting up a penalty function that incorporates all available solid-state NMR experimental data and an energy function. A validation method is required to choose the optimal weighting factor for the total penalty function to balance the contribution from the experimental restraints and the energy function. Complete cross-validation has been used to avoid over-fitting the orientational restraints. Such cross-validation involves partitioning of the experimental data into a test set and a working set followed by checking the free R-value during the refinement process. This approach is similar to the method used in crystallography and solution NMR. Optimizing the weighting factor on the penalty function by cross-validation will increase the quality of the refined structure from solid-state NMR data. The complete cross-validation and R-factor calculation is demonstrated using experimental solid-state NMR data from gramicidin A, a monovalent cation channel in lipid bilayers.
Production of iron matrix composite reinforced by TiN particulate through nitriding by powder metallurgy (2008)

An iron matrix composite reinforced by TiN particulate is fabricated by nitriding and by powder metallurgy. The results show that chromium nitrides and titanium nitride can be in situ synthesised in the prealloyed powder when nitriding at 1100–1250°C in pure nitrogen atmosphere. After the denitrification at 1300°C in vacuum below 10−2 Pa, the chromium nitrides decompose, but titanium nitride still exists stably. The titanium nitride particulates have fine size and are homogeneously distributed in the matrix. The relative density of the sintered compact is ∼99% by spark plasma sintering at 1000°C and 40 MPa. However, it is very low (∼90%) when the denitrified powder is sintered at 1400°C in vacuum.
Some Early Historical Aspects of Project Sanguine (1974)

Early extremely low-frequency (ELF) research and the implementation of Project Sanguine to meet the Navy's need for secure transmission to submerged fleet ballistic missile (FBM) submarines are outlined. The 1963 "Intensive Test," which proved the feasibility of ELF reception by a submarine at operational depths, is highlighted.
Brown Midrib Sorghum Silage for Midlactation Dairy Cows (1995)

Brown midrib sorghum silage was compared with alfalfa, corn, and normal sorghum silages for its effect on performance, ruminal metabolism, and digestive kinetics of Holstein dairy cows in midlactation. Twelve cows averaging 90 +/- 5 DIM were assigned to one of four diets in replicated 4 x 4 Latin squares with 4-wk periods. Additionally, 3 ruminally fistulated cows (95 +/- 20 DIM) were assigned to the same diets in a 3 x 4 Youden square for measurement of ruminal characteristics. Diets were fed as isonitrogenous TMR that contained 65% silage (DM basis). The DMI was greater for the corn and brown midrib sorghum (4% of BW/d) than for the alfalfa and normal sorghum diets (3.4% of BW/d). The brown midrib sorghum supported FCM production that was similar to that of cows on corn and alfalfa diets (25.8 kg/d), but cows fed normal sorghum produced less milk and fewer milk components. Source of silage had no effect on eating time, but rumination was least for the alfalfa diet. Ruminal pH and ammonia concentrations were similar for all diets. Total VFA concentrations were greatest for the corn and brown midrib sorghum diets. The brown midrib sorghum had greater in situ extent of ruminal NDF digestion than did the normal sorghum, which agreed with in vitro data. The brown midrib sorghum used in this experiment supported FCM production similar to the corn and alfalfa silages commonly fed to dairy cows in midlactation.
Principal-component amplitude compression for the hearing impaired (1987)

Principal-component amplitude compression, a means for matching speech to the reduced dynamic range in sensorineural hearing impairments, is a multiband approach aimed at preserving details of spectral shape while reducing overall level variation. The effect of compression has been studied for the first and second principal components (PC1 an PC2) of the short-term speech spectrum, which are roughly representative of overall level and spectral tilt, respectively. Compression of PC1 roughly equalizes consonant and vowel levels while compression of PC2 provides time-varying high-frequency emphasis. The effect on speech intelligibility of sensorineural hearing-impaired listeners of two principal-component compression system implementations, compression of PC1 and compression of both PC1 and PC2, was compared to that of linear amplification (LA), independent compression of multiple bands (MBC), and wideband compression (WC). Results indicate that compression of overall level as provided by compression of PC1 and WC improved intelligibility relative to LA over a 10- to 15-dB range of input levels. While MBC was beneficial in some cases, it did not provide higher intelligibility than WC. Compression of PC2 did not benefit but rather degraded performance relative to LA. Error analyses and band-level measurements indicate that the highest intelligibility is obtained when audibility is improved and the relative spectral shapes of different speech sounds are preserved.
A new and fast method for prearing high quality lambda DNA suitable for sequencing (1988)

A method is described for the rapid purification of high quality lambda DNA. The method can be used from either liquid or plate lysates and on a small scale or a large scale. It relies on the preadsobtion of all polyanions present in the lysate to an "insoluble" anion-exchange matrix (DEAE or TEAE). Phage particles are then disrupted by combined treatment with EDTA/proteinase K and the resulting DNA is precipitated by the addition of the cationic detergent cetyl (or hexadecyl)-trimethyl ammonium bromide-CTAB ("soluble" anion-exchange matrix). The precipitated CTAB-DNA complex is then exchanged to Na-DNA and ethanol precipitated. The resultant purified DNA is suitable for enzymatic reactions and provides a high quality template for dideoxy-sequence analysis.