gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The LCC inverter as a cold cathode fluorescent lamp driver (2002)

LCD displays for notebook computers are backlit using cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs). An investigation of the LCC (series/parallel) resonant inverter as a potential power supply for these lamps is discussed. The attractiveness of this topology is primarily its simplicity compared to the widely used current-fed Royer oscillator based topologies. Experimental comparisons of LCC resonant inverter and Royer inverter performance are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Supramolecular Protein Cage Composite MR Contrast Agents with Extremely Efficient Relaxivity Properties (2009)

A DTPA-Gd containing polymer was grown in the interior of a heat shock protein cage resulting in T(1) particle relaxivities of 4200 mM(-1) sec(-1) for the 12 nm particle. Relaxivity parameters were determined, and this analysis suggests that the rotational correlation time has been optimized while the water exchange lifetime is longer than optimal. This synthetic approach holds much promise for the development of next generation contrast agents and this report will aid in their design.
Toward a hydrodynamic theory of sonoluminescence (1993)

For small Mach numbers the Rayleigh–Plesset equations (modified to include acoustic radiation damping) provide the hydrodynamic description of a bubble’s breathing motion. Measurements are presented for the bubble radius as a function of time. They indicate that in the presence of sonoluminescence the ratio of maximum to minimum bubble radius is about 100. Scaling laws for the maximum bubble radius and the temperature and duration of the collapse are derived in this limit. Inclusion of mass diffusion enables one to calculate the ambient radius. For audible sound fields these equations yield picosecond hot spots, such as are observed experimentally. However, the analysis indicates that a detailed description of sonoluminescence requires the use of parameters for which the resulting motion reaches large Mach numbers. Therefore the next step toward explaining sonoluminescence will require the extension of bubble dynamics to include nonlinear effects such as shock waves.
γ,δ-Unsaturated β-Diketones by Acylation of Ketones (2005)

[reaction: see text] Gamma,delta-unsaturated beta-diketones have been prepared by the acylation of ketones with N-acylbenzotriazoles of various aliphatic and aromatic alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids.
Adsorption of Lidocaine into a Plastic Infusion Balloon (2000)

An infusion balloon is a well established device used to continuously supply drugs for pain management. In this study, we determined the concentration of lidocaine that flowed out of a balloon because the balloon is made from plastics that adsorb local anesthetics.
Estudio de la cadena productiva del salmón, a través de un análisis estratégico de costos (2005)

El desarrollo de esta investigacion, se enfoca en la produccion de salmonidos, industria localizada en las regiones X, XI y XII. El crecimiento del sector salmonicultor y las inversiones de las empresas chilenas y extranjeras en Chile no han sido faciles, porque han debido enfrentar importantes cambios en precios y, por ende, ajustar sus costos. Por ello se plantea realizar este estudio, a traves de un analisis estrategico de costos, debiendo realizar un analisis del sistema de valor de la produccion de Salmon, con objeto de establecer la posicion estrategica de cada uno de los eslabones a lo largo de la cadena de produccion del salmon, complementandolo con analisis de las actividades para identificar los conductores de costo, de esta manera se identificaran fuentes de ventaja competitiva existentes o potenciales. Los objetivos principales, de la presente investigacion son: 1. Identificacion de las etapas involucradas en la cadena productiva del Salmon, separando las actividades de apoyo de las primarias. 2. Realizar un analisis de posicionamiento estrategico, para cada uno de los eslabones de la cadena productiva del Salmon, respecto a la Estructura y a la Ejecucion. 3. Analizar las causales de costo, mediante el estudio de las actividades. Este trabajo, se realizo mediante una recopilacion, analisis y relacion de antecedentes bibliograficos, asi como entrevistas no estructuradas a ejecutivos de empresas del sector. El diseno metodologico que el autor propone para este estudio, corresponde al tipo descriptivo. De acuerdo con la dimension temporal en que se obtienen los datos se aplica una investigacion no experimental con caracteristicas transeccionales correlacionales, que buscan describir correlaciones entre variables o relaciones causales entre variables, en uno o mas grupos y en un momento determinado. Ademas, cuando fue necesario se utilizo una investigacion no experimental con caracteristicas
Use of electricity to control bolters in sugar beet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.): a comparison of the electrothermal with chemical and mechanical cutting methods (1985)

Summary A machine was built to kill reproductive plants (‘bolters’) in sugar beet by high‐voltage electricity. A generating system producing 10, 13 or 17 kV each at 54 kW was connected to a set of guarded electrodes spanning twelve rows, suspended 5–15 cm above the top of a sugar‐beet crop. With 13 kV the system travelling at 5 km h −1 could clear a light‐to‐moderate infestation of bolters at a rate of 2·4 ha h −1 with the tractor's diesel‐fuel consumption at 3·51 ha −1 . In 1979, the electrothermal machine, used twice, reduced viable seed returns by 83%; the flail mower used once or twice by 44 and 76–84%; the wire reel mower used once or twice by 45 and 80–87%; and the roller chemical applicator used once by only 13%. Further trials were made in 1981 with an improved electrothermal machine, a rope wick applicator and a flail mower when all gave over 90% control of viable seeds. The electrothermal machine killed between 38 and 41% of bolters compared with 65% for the chemical applicator. The flail mower did not kill any plants. Although possessing many advantages, the electrothermal machines are heavy and more expensive than alternative methods. Development has ceased in the U.K. on electrical weed control but one company in the U.S.A. is selling such equipment.
How High-Resolution Basal-State Functional Imaging Can Guide the Development of New Pharmacotherapies for Schizophrenia (2009)

We describe here a coordinated brain imaging and animal models approach in which we have shown that the hippocampal CA1 region is a principal node in schizophrenia pathogenesis and have identified a novel treatment approach to the disorder based on inhibition of glutamate release. To identify biomarkers, we have focused on the putative prodromal period, typically lasting a few years, preceding the first onset of psychosis. About one-third of a high-risk cohort followed prospectively for 2.5 years will progress to threshold psychosis, making it possible to perform a relatively short prospective study. We have utilized a technological development in functional imaging techniques in which we measure cerebral blood volume (CBV), which allows for interrogation of subregions of the brain in the basal state at submillimeter resolution. Measurements of CBV in schizophrenia as well as in high-risk or prodromal stages can then pinpoint brain subregions differentially targeted during the earliest stages of the disorder. Our data suggest that the CA1 subfield of the hippocampal formation is most consistently implicated across disease stages, identifying a putative biomarker suitable for guiding drug development. Our studies in transgenic mice mutant in the glutamate synthetic enzyme glutaminase support the hypothesis that CA1 hyperfunction is due to altered glutamatergic neurotransmission. As a proof of principle, the glutaminase-deficient mice suggest that pharmacotherapies that reduce glutamatergic neurotransmission in the CA1 subfield may be a uniquely effective therapeutic strategy in schizophrenia and preventative in prodromal stages of the disorder.
A simplified method for the repeated replacement of yeast chromosomal sequences with in vitro mutations (1996)

A strategy for gene replacement in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been modified to facilitate the repeated substitution of a chromosomal locus with in vitro generated variant sequences, so that the resulting locus contains only the desired mutation and is free of extraneous vector DNA. The construction of an internally deleted chromosomal target locus carrying the counterselectable CYH2S marker and a second positively selectable marker has been simplified; the design of the locus has been altered to increase the frequency of authentic gene replacements obtained upon the subsequent integration of in vitro mutated DNA. The modified chromosomal target locus is amenable to replacement using either of two transformation protocols: (i) integration of a second positively selectable plasmid carrying mutant sequences to form a tandem intermediate structure at the locus; upon counterselection on cycloheximide, all vector sequence is excised to give the desired replacement at high frequency (> 70%); (ii) single-step integration of a linear segment of mutated genomic DNA by selection for cycloheximide resistance. A subsequent screen for the loss of the positively selectable target locus marker detects the desired replacement at modest frequency (> 2%). Polymerase chain reaction using multiple primers in a single amplification reaction is useful for monitoring these variously modified chromosomal loci.
Camera pose and calibration from 4 or 5 known 3D points (1999)

We describe two direct quasilinear methods for camera pose (absolute orientation) and calibration from a single image of 4 or 5 known 3D points. They generalize the 6 point 'Direct Linear Transform' method by incorporating partial prior camera knowledge, while still allowing some unknown calibration parameters to be recovered. Only linear algebra is required, the solution is unique in non-degenerate cases, and additional points can be included for improved stability. Both methods fail for coplanar points, but we give an experimental eigendecomposition based one that handles both planar and nonplanar cases. Our methods use recent polynomial solving technology, and we give a brief summary of this. One of our aims was to try to understand the numerical behaviour of modern polynomial solvers on some relatively simple test cases, with a view to other vision applications.
Tailoring the Network Properties of Ca<sup>2+</sup> Crosslinked <i>Aloe vera</i> Polysaccharide Hydrogels for in Situ Release of Therapeutic Agents (2008)

Properties of Aloe vera galacturonate hydrogels formed via Ca(2+) crosslinking have been studied in regard to key parameters influencing gel formation including molecular weight, ionic strength, and molar ratio of Ca(2+) to COO(-) functionality. Dynamic oscillatory rheology and pulsed field gradient NMR (PFG-NMR) studies have been conducted on hydrogels formed at specified Ca(2+) concentrations in the presence and absence of Na(+) and K(+) ions in order to assess the feasibility of in situ gelation for controlled delivery of therapeutics. Aqueous Ca(2+) concentrations similar to those present in nasal and subcutaneous fluids induce the formation of elastic Aloe vera polysaccharide (AvP) hydrogel networks. By altering the ratio of Ca(2+) to COO (-) functionality, networks may be tailored to provide elastic modulus (G') values between 20 and 20000 Pa. The Aloe vera polysaccharide exhibits time-dependent phase separation in the presence of monovalent electrolytes. Thus the relative rates of calcium induced gelation and phase separation become major considerations when designing a system for in situ delivery applications where both monovalent (Na(+), K(+)) and divalent (Ca(2+)) ions are present. PFG-NMR and fluorescence microscopy confirm that distinctly different morphologies are present in gels formed in the presence and absence of 0.15 M NaCl. Curve fitting of theoretical models to experimental release profiles of fluorescein labeled dextrans indicate diffusion rates are related to hydrogel morphology. These studies suggest that for efficient in situ release of therapeutic agents, polymer concentrations should be maintained above the critical entanglement concentration ( Ce, 0.60 wt %) when [Ca(2+)]/[COO(-)] ratios are less than 1. Additionally, the monovalent electrolyte concentration in AvP solutions should not exceed 0.10 M prior to Ca(2+) crosslinking.
Fragile X mental retardation protein modulates the fate of germline stem cells in Drosophila (2007)

Fragile X syndrome, a common form of inherited mental retardation, is caused by the loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FMRP, which may regulate translation in neurons, associates not only with specific mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNA), but also with components of the miRNA pathway, including Dicer and Argonaute proteins. In Drosophila, dFmr1 is also known to be involved in germ cell and oocyte specification; however, the question of whether dFmr1 is required for controlling the fate of germline stem cells (GSCs) has gone unanswered. Here we show that dFmr1 is required for both GSC maintenance and repressing differentiation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in Drosophila ovary, dFmr1 protein interacts with Argonaute protein 1 (AGO1), a key component of the miRNA pathway. Thus dFmr1 could modulate the fate of GSCs, likely via the miRNA pathway. Our results provide the first evidence that FMRP might be involved in the regulation of adult stem cells.
Montgomery exponentiation needs no final subtractions (1999)

Montgomery's modular multiplication algorithm is commonly used in implementations of the RSA cryptosystem. It has been observed that there is no need for extra cleaning up at the end of an exponentiation if the method is correctly set up.
The neurofibromatosis type 2 gene is inactivated in schwannomas (1994)

Schwannomas are tumors arising from schwann cells surrounding peripheral nerves. Although most schwannomas are sporadic, they are seen in approximately 90% of individuals with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), an autosomal dominantly inherited disease with an incidence of 1:40000 live births. The NF2 gene has recently been isolated on chromosome 22 and encodes a putative membrane organizing protein named schwannomin. It is believed to act as a tumor suppressor gene based on the high frequency of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on this autosome in both sporadic and NF2 associated schwannomas and meningiomas and the identification of inactivating mutation in NF2 patients. In this study we examined 61 schwannomas including 48 sporadic schwannomas (46 of which are vestibular schwannomas) and 12 schwannomas obtained from NF2 patients, for mutations in 10 of the 16 coding exons of the NF2 gene. Twelve inactivating mutations were identified, 8 in sporadic tumours and 4 in tumors from people with NF2. These results support the hypothesis that loss of function of schwannomin is a frequent and fundamental event in the genesis of schwannomas.
Regulation of HIF prolyl hydroxylases by hypoxia‐inducible factors (2004)

Hypoxia and induction of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha) is a hallmark of many tumors. Under normal oxygen tension HIF-alpha subunits are rapidly degraded through prolyl hydroxylase dependent interaction with the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor protein, a component of E3 ubuiquitin ligase complex. Using microarray analysis of VHL mutated and re-introduced cells, we found that one of the prolyl hydroxylases (PHD3) is coordinately expressed with known HIF target genes, while the other two family members (PHD1 and 2) did not respond to VHL. We further tested the regulation of these genes by HIF-1 and HIF-2 and found that siRNA targeted degradation of HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha results in decreased hypoxia-induced PHD3 expression. Ectopic overexpression of HIF-2alpha in two different cell lines provided a much better induction of PHD3 gene than HIF-1alpha. In contrast, we demonstrate that PHD2 is not affected by overexpression or downregulation of HIF-2alpha. However, induction of PHD2 by hypoxia has HIF-1-independent and -dependent components. Short-term hypoxia (4 h) results in induction of PHD2 independent of HIF-1, while PHD2 accumulation by prolonged hypoxia (16 h) was decreased by siRNA-mediated degradation of HIF-1alpha subunit. These data further advance our understanding of the differential role of HIF factors and putative feedback loop in HIF regulation.
The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Atrophin Interacting Protein 4 Binds Directly To The Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 Via a Novel WW Domain-mediated Interaction (2008)

The E3 ubiquitin ligase atrophin interacting protein 4 (AIP4) mediates ubiquitination and down-regulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. AIP4 belongs to the Nedd4-like homologous to E6-AP carboxy terminus domain family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, which typically bind proline-rich motifs within target proteins via the WW domains. The intracellular domains of CXCR4 lack canonical WW domain binding motifs; thus, whether AIP4 is targeted to CXCR4 directly or indirectly via an adaptor protein remains unknown. Here, we show that AIP4 can interact directly with CXCR4 via a novel noncanonical WW domain-mediated interaction involving serine residues 324 and 325 within the carboxy-terminal tail of CXCR4. These serine residues are critical for mediating agonist-promoted binding of AIP4 and subsequent ubiquitination and degradation of CXCR4. These residues are phosphorylated upon agonist activation and phosphomimetic mutants show enhanced binding to AIP4, suggesting a mechanism whereby phosphorylation mediates the interaction between CXCR4 and AIP4. Our data reveal a novel noncanonical WW domain-mediated interaction involving phosphorylated serine residues in the absence of any proline residues and suggest a novel mechanism whereby an E3 ubiquitin ligase is targeted directly to an activated G protein-coupled receptor.
Initial evaluation of molybdenum-rhenium alloy for reactor heat pipes (1983)

Molybdenum-rhenium alloys containing less than 15% Re have been investigated for space-nuclear power-system applications. A ductile-brittle transition temperature of less than 135/sup 0/K has been demonstrated for recrystallized Mo-13 wt % Re alloy. Thermophysical properties have been measured over the temperature range from ambient to 1500/sup 0/K and the elastic modulus determined to be 289 GPa. Thermal conductivity of the alloy at temperature has been demonstrated as comparable to pure molybdenum. Fabricability of the material has been demonstrated and an investigation of weld characteristics initiated. Optimization of alloy composition for the planned application is continuing.
PSpice Simulation of Power Electronics Circuits: An Introductory Guide (1996)

Preface. 1. Pspice and Electric Circuits. 2. Pspice Switches and Power Modulation. 3. Waveform Distortion. 4. Ideal Semiconductor Switches. 5. Simulation of Driver Circuits. 6. DC-DC Converter Circuits. 7. Diode Rectifiers. 8. Controlled Rectification. 9. Switch-mode Inverters. 10. Resonant Converters. 11. Advanced Topics. Appendix A: Library Files. Appendix B: List of Circuit-File Examples. Appendix C: Quick Reference to Pspice Statements. Appendix D: Bibliography. Appendix E: WEBsite. Appendix F: Problems. Index.
Low Density Lipoproteins (1978)

Book Review| February 01 1978 Low Density Lipoproteins Low Density Lipoproteins. C. E. DAY, R. S. LEVY. Plenum Press, New York and London, 1976, pp. 445, £24.90, $47.00 G. L. MILLS G. L. MILLS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1978) 6 (1): 349–350. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060349 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation G. L. MILLS; Low Density Lipoproteins. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1978; 6 (1): 349–350. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060349 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1978 Biochemical Society1978 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Rho-glucosylating Clostridium difficile toxins A and B: new insights into structure and function (2007)

Clostridium difficile causes pseudomembranous colitis and is responsible for many cases of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Major virulence factors of C. difficile are the glucosylating exotoxins A and B. Both toxins enter target cells in a pH- dependent manner from endosomes by forming pores. They translocate the N-terminal catalytic domains into the cytosol of host cells and inactivate Rho guanosine triphosphatases by glucosylation. The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of toxin B was solved in a complex with uridine diphosphate, glucose, and manganese ion, exhibiting a folding of type A family glycosyltransferases. Crystallization of fragments of the C-terminus of toxin A, which is characterized by polypeptide repeats, revealed a solenoid-like structure often found in bacterial cell surface proteins. These studies, which provide new insights into structure, uptake, and function of the family of clostridial glucosylating toxins, are reviewed.
Generation of transgenic maize with enhanced provitamin A content (2008)

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) affects over 250 million people worldwide and is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiencies in developing countries, resulting in significant socio-economic losses. Provitamin A carotenoids such as beta-carotene, are derived from plant foods and are a major source of vitamin A for the majority of the world's population. Several years of intense research has resulted in the production of 'Golden Rice 2' which contains sufficiently high levels of provitamin A carotenoids to combat VAD. In this report, the focus is on the generation of transgenic maize with enhanced provitamin A content in their kernels. Overexpression of the bacterial genes crtB (for phytoene synthase) and crtI (for the four desaturation steps of the carotenoid pathway catalysed by phytoene desaturase and zeta-carotene desaturase in plants), under the control of a 'super gamma-zein promoter' for endosperm-specific expression, resulted in an increase of total carotenoids of up to 34-fold with a preferential accumulation of beta-carotene in the maize endosperm. The levels attained approach those estimated to have a significant impact on the nutritional status of target populations in developing countries. The high beta-carotene trait was found to be reproducible over at least four generations. Gene expression analyses suggest that increased accumulation of beta-carotene is due to an up-regulation of the endogenous lycopene beta-cylase. These experiments set the stage for the design of transgenic approaches to generate provitamin A-rich maize that will help alleviate VAD.
A New Technique for Thermal Resistance Measurement in Power Electron Devices (2005)

A simple technique is proposed for the thermal resistance measurement of electron devices. The new approach is based on the standard measurements which are normally carried out for the electrical characterization of power devices, without requiring special-purpose instrumentation and/or physics-based temperature-dependent electrical device models. Experimental results, which confirm the validity of the new method, are provided.