gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological profiles of a novel opioid receptor‐like1 (ORL<sub>1</sub>) receptor antagonist, JTC‐801 (2002)

Pharmacological effects of a novel opioid receptor-like1 (ORL(1)) receptor antagonist, [N-(4-amino-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-2-(4-ethylphenoxymethyl) benzamide monohydrochloride] (JTC-801), were examined in in vitro and in vivo. JTC-801 inhibited the binding of [(3)H]-nociceptin to human ORL(1) receptors expressed in HeLa cells with a K(i) value of 44.5 nM. JTC-801 completely antagonized the suppression of nociceptin on forskolin-induced accumulation of cyclic AMP (IC(50) : 2.58 microM) using ORL(1) receptor expressing HeLa cells in vitro. In in vivo, when given intravenously at dosages of 0.01 mg kg(-1) and above, or orally at dosages 1 mg kg(-1) and above, JTC-801 antagonized the nociceptin-induced allodynia in mice. Effects of JTC-801 on various nociceptive models were examined. In mouse hot-plate test, JTC-801 prolonged escape response latency (ERL) to exposed heat stimulus with minimum effective doses (MED) of 0.01 mg kg(-1) by i.v. or 1 mg kg(-1) by p.o. In the rat formalin test, JTC-801 reduced both the first and second phases of the nociceptive response with MED of 0.01 mg kg(-1) by i.v. administration or 1 mg kg(-1) by p.o. administration. This anti-nociceptive action of JTC-801 was not inhibited by naloxone (10 mg kg(-1), s.c.). We have demonstrated that JTC-801 antagonizes the ORL(1) receptor response, and that JTC-801 has efficacious and potent anti-nociceptive effects in acute pain animal models not only by intravenous injection but also oral administration. These results suggest that JTC-801 may represent a new class of analgesics.
The Reading of Verse (1998)

Abstract This chapter discusses pragmatics as applied to poetry. Based on the discussions on verses and reading verses, it is concluded that the structure of verse is able to corporealize words as it organizes them. The meanings that are found in verses are said to be intellectual, physiological, and existential.
Maxwell's Demon and Computation (1974)

In this paper we show how a form of Maxwellian Demon can be interpreted as a computing automaton. We then point out some ways in which the Demon systems can be generalized, and briefly describe and discuss the properties of some of the corresponding automata. It is shown that a generalized Maxwell Demon system can carry out arbitrary Turing computations. Finally, the association developed between classes of thermodynamic systems and classes of computational systems is employed to suggest approaches to some fundamental problems of the relationships between computation, the information obtained by computation, and energy.
Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Tunisian garlic (Allium sativum) essential oil and ethanol extract (2014)

Â The aim of the study is to establish some nutritional properties of garlic cultivated in Tunisia and to evaluate the antioxidant and the antimicrobial activites of its essential oil and ethanol extract. Tunisian garlic (Allium sativum) was characterized for moisture, ash and protein contents which were determined as 66%, 1.4% and 5.2% respectively. In addition, Fe (5.90 mg/kg), Cu (1.61 mg/kg), Mg (15 mg/kg) and P (140 mg/kg) were reported such as the major minerals in garlic. The fat profile of tunisian garlic was conducted, the main fatty acids identified were lauric acid (49.3%) and linoleic acid (20.4%). Essential oil obtained from A. sativum was analysed by capillary GCMS. Diallyl disulfide (49.1%) and diallyl trisulfide (30.38%) were the main components of the five identified components. The phenolic content of the ethanol extract are analysed for its phenolic profiles, colorimetric analysis revealed that the total phenols, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins contents were respectively 43.63 mg GA/g, 13.18 mg quercetin/g and 24.24 mg of catechin/g. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, essential oil presented the highest antioxidant activity compared to its ethanol extract. IC50 values observed for the essential oil and ethanol extract were 300 Î¼g/ml and 600 Î¼g/ml respectively. The essential oil and ethanol extract from raw garlic were tested for antimicrobial activity against seven microorganisms. The results showed that ethanol extract was active against all tested strains: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica and Bacillus cereus.
An Overview of Automatic Audio Segmentation (2014)

In this report we present an overview of the approaches and techniques that are used in the task of automatic audio segmentation.Audio segmentation aims to find changing points in the audio content of an audio stream.Initially, we present the basic steps in an automatic audio segmentation procedure.Afterwards, the basic categories of segmentation algorithms, and more specific the unsupervised, the data-driven and the mixed algorithms, are presented.For each of the categorizations the segmentation analysis is followed by details about proposed architectural parameters, such us the audio descriptor set, the mathematical functions in unsupervised algorithms and the machine learning algorithms of data-driven modules.Finally a review of proposed architectures in the automatic audio segmentation literature appears, along with details about the experimenting audio environment (heading of database and list of audio events of interest), the basic modules of the procedure (categorization of the algorithm, audio descriptor set, architectural parameters and potential optional modules) along with the maximum achieved accuracy.
A novel Li2FeSiO4/C composite: Synthesis, characterization and high storage capacity (2011)

A Li2FeSiO4/C composite material has been prepared via a solution-polymerization approach. The composite is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The electrochemical performance of the Li2FeSiO4 is greatly enhanced and the initial discharge capacity is ∼220 mA h g−1, when it is cycled between 1.5–4.8 V. This indicates that more than one lithium ion can be extracted out of the Li2FeSiO4 lattice. At high current densities, the Li2FeSiO4/C also exhibits excellent rate capability and cycling stability. This indicates that it is a very promising cathode material for next generation lithium-ion batteries.
Is IGF-1 involved in the regulatory modifications of cholesterolemia following the administration of embryonary peptides? (2006)

Significant modifications of IGF-1 and cholesterol (total and LDL) were observed following the administration of an extract of embryonary peptides (EP) to old subjects for 60 days. For most of the subjects, due to the aging process, the initial values of the biochemical parameters were shifted towards pathological range. Following the administration of EP, the serum levels of IGF-1 and cholesterol (total and LDL) were shifted towards the physiological limits for their age. The most significant modifications towards physiological range were observed for subjects with high, initial levels of IGF-1, when the decrease was striking (1-2 orders of magnitude). For these subjects, significant modifications were observed simultaneously for cholesterol. The modifications induced following the administration of EP exhibit a regulatory feature, as they are dependent on the initial levels of these parameters. The action of EP on the levels of IGF-1 and cholesterol was significantly equal for both sexes, but the influence of EP was more clear-cut in men. In conclusion, our results support an implication of IGF-1 in the regulatory mechanisms of cholesterolemia in old subjects following the long-term administration of EP.
Linear vt-based temperature sensors with low process sensitivity and improved power supply headroom (2011)

A new on-die temperature sensor that operates at low supply voltages and exhibits low process sensitivity and good linearity over a wide temperature range is introduced. When compared to conventional structures which have limited supply voltage headroom at the slow-n process corner, the new structures have sufficient headroom to practically operate well over all process corners. When implemented in a TSMC 0.1 Sum process with a nominal supply voltage of 1.8V, simulation results show the maximum temperature linearity error is reduced from 1.5°C to less than 0.3°C at the NMOS slow process corner and with negative 10% Vdd variation.
Spin-pairing model of dioxygen binding and its application to various transition-metal systems as well as hemoglobin cooperativity (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpin-pairing model of dioxygen binding and its application to various transition-metal systems as well as hemoglobin cooperativityRussell S. Drago and Barry B. CordenCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1980, 13, 10, 353–360Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50154a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views405Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
New Calculating Method for HCM 2000 Queue Length Estimation Procedures with the Application of Floating Car Data (2013)

The maximum back of queue length (MBQL) is one of the measures of effectiveness (MOEs) for signalized-intersection level of service analysis. The Highway Capacity Manual 2000 (HCM 2000) proposes a queue length calculation model, based on the Akcelik's queue model, which was developed in the 1980's, has stood the test of time as a fundamental method of traffic signal analysis. The HCM 2000 model is comprised of two terms that the first term is determined by assuming a uniform arrival pattern and the second term is associated with randomness of flow and overflow queues. However, the application of the HCM 2000 is limited as the initial queue length needs to be known at the start of analysis period for the second-term model. Using data of floating cars and loops, the authors have developed an alternative calculating method without initial queue length information for the HCM 2000 second-term queue length model. The experiment carried out at an intersection in Shanghai, China shows that the developed method can provide more accurate estimation of the queue length than HCM 2000. The later a floating car arrives in the queue, the more accurate estimation can be obtained. The proposed method is easy to understand and can produce results more reliable and accurate in citywide intersections evaluation.
A 1q42 deletion involving <i>DISC1</i>, <i>DISC2</i>, and <i>TSNAX</i> in an autism spectrum disorder (2009)

Individuals with autism spectrum disorders have impairments in social, communicative, and behavior development that are often accompanied by abnormalities in cognitive functioning, learning, attention, and sensory processing. In this report, we describe a 3-year-old male child with an autism spectrum disorder who carries a 2 Mb deletion of chromosome 1q42. Array comparative genome hybridization revealed that this deletion involves at least three genes-DISC1, DISC2, and TSNAX-which have been found to be associated with neuropsychiatric disorders and are likely to play key roles in normal CNS development. Further studies revealed that the deletion was inherited from his unaffected mother. This suggests that other genetic and/or environmental factors, some of which may be sex specific, may modify the phenotypic effects of this deletion. While this case provides evidence for the potential role of DISC1, DISC2, and TSNAX in the development of autism spectrum disorders, it is equally clear that caution must be taken when providing families with prognostic information and genetic counseling regarding such deletions.
Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke (2018)

The results indicate evidence for the effectiveness of mirror therapy for improving upper extremity motor function, motor impairment, activities of daily living, and pain, at least as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation for people after stroke. Major limitations are small sample sizes and lack of reporting of methodological details, resulting in uncertain evidence quality.
Involvement of RhoA/Rho Kinase Signaling in VEGF-Induced Endothelial Cell Migration and Angiogenesis In Vitro (2003)

VEGF-induced cytoskeletal changes in ECs require RhoA and Rho kinase, and activation of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling is involved in the VEGF-induced in vitro EC migration and angiogenesis.
Design of a binary grating with subwavelength features that acts as a polarizing beam splitter (2001)

A binary diffractive optical element, acting as a polarizing beam splitter, is proposed and analyzed. It behaves like a transmissive blazed grating, working on the first or the second diffraction order, depending on the polarization state of the incident radiation. The grating-phase profile required for both polarization states is obtained by means of suitably sized subwavelength groups etched in an isotropic dielectric medium. A rigorous electromagnetic analysis of the grating is presented, and numerical results concerning its performances in terms of diffraction efficiency as well as frequency and angular bandwidths are provided.
A high-performance phase-sensitive detector (1966)

The distinctive feature of this transistor phase-sensitive detector circuit is that the switching action is performed without saturating the transistors. A bandwidth of over 30 Mc/s and a temperature coefficient of 0.02% per degC, are obtainable. No transformers or chokes are used in the circuit, and the output may be used either balanced or unbalanced with respect to earth.
Superconducting permanent magnets and their application in magnetic levitation (2002)

Abstract Superconducting permanent magnets form a completely new class of permanent magnets. Of course, they must be cooled to 77 K or below. At very low temperatures (24 K) their magnetization can be a factor of 10 higher than that of the best conventional magnets, providing magnetic forces and energies which are up to two orders of magnitude higher. These new supermagnets became only recently available by the extreme improvement of the quality of melt-textured massive YBa 2 Cu 3 O x samples. Besides having a high magnetization, these superconducting permanent magnets can freeze in any given magnetic field configuration allowing completely new applications like superconducting transport systems or superconducting magnetic bearings.
Processing English with a Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (1982)

This paper describes a natural language processing system implemented at Hewlett-Packard's Computer Research Center. The system's main components are: a Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG); a top-down parser; a logic transducer that outputs a first-order logical representation; and a "disambiguator" that uses sortal information to convert "normal-form" first-order logical expressions into the query language for HIRE, a relational database hosted in the SPHERE system. We argue that theoretical developments in GPSG syntax and in Montague semantics have specific advantages to bring to this domain of computational linguistics. The syntax and semantics of the system are totally domain-independent, and thus, in principle, highly portable. We discuss the prospects for extending domain-independence to the lexical semantics as well, and thus to the logical semantic representations.
Experience and Rational External Constraint (2002)

In ”A Coherence Theory of Truth and Knowledge” Donald Davidson proposes a coherence picture of knowledge in which he makes the famous claim that ”nothing can count as a reason for holding a belief except another belief.” In Mind and World, John McDowell criticizes Davidson's theory for failing to make room for the connection between our worldviews and reality and leaving the notion of content unintelligible. In this paper I try to clarify their disagreement regarding perceptual experience and empirical content. I suggest that their dispute lies in the following two issues: whether the rational and external constraints on empirical thought can be treated separately, and whether an account of empirical content is theoretically prior to radical interpretation. Then I explore some possibilities by which their debate may be advanced. I make two moves on behalf of McDowell to show how Davidson's reply to his criticism may be found unsatisfactory. First, from a McDowellian point of view, it is not clear how Davidson's nonconceptual notion of experience might provide reason for revising beliefs. Second, Davidson's triangulation account of content presupposes the notion of content already.
Integration and interconnect techniques of planar and non-planar structures for microwave and millimeter-wave circuits - current status and future trend (2002)

Hybrid integration techniques (HITs) of planar and non-planar structures are discussed for low-cost and high-performance millimeter-wave integrated circuits (ICs) and systems. Current status of this research topic is reviewed with emphasis on various integration/interconnect schemes of planar circuits and non-radiative dielectric (NRD) guides. Co-layered and aperture-coupling arrangements of planar circuits and NRD-guide are presented. Future trend is forecasted with emphasis on single substrate integration of planar and non-planar geometries. Substrate integrated circuits (SICs) are highlighted that can render the non-planar structures in planar form.
Micrometeoroid/space debris effects on materials (1993)

The Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) micrometeoroid/space debris impact data has been reduced in terms that are convenient for evaluating the overall quantitative effect on material properties. Impact crater flux has been evaluated as a function of angle from velocity vector and as a function of crater size. This data is combined with spall data from flight and ground testing to calculate effective solar absorption and emittance values versus time. Results indicate that the surface damage from micrometeoroid/space debris does not significantly affect the overall surface optical thermal physical properties. Of course the local damage around impact craters radically alter optical properties. Damage to composites and solar cells on an overall basis was minimal.
Structural Basis of Src Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition with a New Class of Potent and Selective Trisubstituted Purine‐based Compounds (2005)

The tyrosine kinase pp60src (Src) is the prototypical member of a family of proteins that participate in a broad array of cellular signal transduction processes, including cell growth, differentiation, survival, adhesion, and migration. Abnormal Src family kinase (SFK) signaling has been linked to several disease states, including osteoporosis and cancer metastases. Src has thus emerged as a molecular target for the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors that regulate Src kinase activity by binding to the ATP pocket within the catalytic domain. Here, we present crystal structures of the kinase domain of Src in complex with two purine-based inhibitors: AP23451, a small-molecule inhibitor designed to inhibit Src-dependent bone resorption, and AP23464, a small-molecule inhibitor designed to inhibit the Src-dependent metastatic spread of cancer. In each case, a trisubstituted purine template core was elaborated using structure-based drug design to yield a potent Src kinase inhibitor. These structures represent early examples of high affinity purine-based Src family kinase-inhibitor complexes, and they provide a detailed view of the specific protein-ligand interactions that lead to potent inhibition of Src. In particular, the 3-hydroxyphenethyl N9 substituent of AP23464 forms unique interactions with the protein that are critical to the picomolar affinity of this compound for Src. The comparison of these new structures with two relevant kinase-inhibitor complexes provides a structural basis for the observed kinase inhibitory selectivity. Further comparisons reveal a concerted induced-fit movement between the N- and C-terminal lobes of the kinase that correlates with the affinity of the ligand. Binding of the most potent inhibitor, AP23464, results in the largest induced-fit movement, which can be directly linked to interactions of the hydrophenethyl N9 substituent with a region at the interface between the two lobes. A less pronounced induced-fit movement is also observed in the Src-AP23451 complex. These new structures illustrate how the combination of structural, computational, and medicinal chemistry can be used to rationalize the process of developing high affinity, selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents.
Differences in postprandial responses to fat and carbohydrate loads in habitual high and low fat consumers (phenotypes) (2002)

The present study investigated metabolic responses to fat and carbohydrate ingestion in lean male individuals consuming an habitual diet high or low in fat. Twelve high-fat phenotypes (HF) and twelve low-fat phenotypes (LF) participated in the study. Energy intake and macronutrient intake variables were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Resting (RMR) and postprandial metabolic rate and substrate oxidation (respiratory quotient; RQ) were measured by indirect calorimetry. HF had a significantly higher RMR and higher resting heart rate than LF. These variables remained higher in HF following the macronutrient challenge. In all subjects the carbohydrate load increased metabolic rate and heart rate significantly more than the fat load. Fat oxidation (indicated by a low RQ) was significantly higher in HF than in LF following the fat load; the ability to oxidise a high carbohydrate load did not differ between the groups. Lean male subjects consuming a diet high in fat were associated with increased energy expenditure at rest and a relatively higher fat oxidation in response to a high fat load; these observations may be partly responsible for maintaining energy balance on a high-fat (high-energy) diet. In contrast, a low consumer of fat is associated with relatively lower energy expenditure at rest and lower fat oxidation, which has implications for weight gain if high-fat foods or meals are periodically introduced to the diet.