gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronidase in der zytostatischen Therapie von HNO-Tumoren (1987)

In 27 patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region hyaluronidase was added to cytostatic chemotherapy, in part of them from the beginning and in part after development of chemoresistance. We administered either ampoules containing 750 i. u. of Permease in a dosage between 7,500 i. u. and 22,500 i. u., or alternatively a preparation of hyaluronidase containing 200,000 i. u. Hyaluronidase was well tolerated; there were reversible allergic reactions in only 2 patients. We obtained CR 14/27, PR 5/27, NC 3/27. After giving hyaluronidase to chemoresistant patients CR 8/16, PR 3/16 and NC 3/16 were achieved. The course of the disease in chemoresistant cases make it probable that hyaluronidase can improve the prognosis in these patients. With regard to the kind of activity it seems noteworthy that the amount of mucopolysaccharides is increased in many malignancies; furthermore, the transport of cytostatic agents to the tumour cells can be improved.
Fluid flow in low permeable porous media (1987)

Migration of hydrocarbons deals with the subsequent movement of petroleum after expulsion from the source rock through water saturated reservoirs or through permeability created by fractures and faults. Although the underlying principles that control the fluid movement in porous media (reservoirs) are well understood by reservoir engineers, less is known about the flow characteristics in low-permeable, porous media, such as clays and shales. For flow considerations, the primary parameters are porosity, permeability and the fluid potential gradients. For clays and shales, these parameters are poorly known; yet these control the time periods during which fluid flow occurs in sedimentary basins (100 years to 100 million years). In this paper, I examine the parametric dependence of the time constantsof fluid flow in low permeability sediments on its porosity and permeability. This is accomplished in two parts. In the first part, a technique is presented to investigate the effect of fluid flow in shales which causes undercompaction and buildup of fluid pressures in excess of normal hydrostatic pressure. The technique is pre-drill in nature; it uses seismic velocity analysis of common depth point gather of surface seismic data and is based on the concept developed by Hottmann and Johnson (1965) and Pennebaker (1968). In the second part of the paper, the flow characteristics are discussed in the basin scale. I develop a model that describes the fluid flow in a continuously accreting and subsiding clastics basins, such as the Gulf of Mexico. I examine the pressure characteristics of such a basin by digital simulations and study the effect of the permeability variation of shales on the geologic time dependence of the fluid flux in the sediments, the basin subsidence rate and the pressure buildup with depth. The model incorporates both mechanical compaction and burial diagenesis involving smectite to illite conversion of shales. The latter is based on a kinetic theory of chemical reaction in which the time-temperature history is provided by the solution of an appropriate heat conduction equation. This model of geopressure has a practical application since it deals with the generation and maintenance of abnormally high fluid pressures over geologic time and impacts the hydrocarbon migration in clastic basins.
Sacrificial Additives in the Wurtz Synthesis of Polysilanes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSacrificial Additives in the Wurtz Synthesis of PolysilanesR. D. Miller and P. K. JenknerCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 20, 5921–5923Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00098a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00098a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An efficient 4D processing flow for variable-depth streamer data (2014)

Abstract Variable-depth streamer acquisition is now widely used, achieving a bandwidth of more than 6 octaves (2.5 to 200 Hz) and excellent lateral resolution and providing improved impedance and reservoir analysis. This acquisition and processing method is based on towing the streamer deep, using a variable-depth profile optimized to ensure receiver notch diversity at the imaging stage and a deghosting method that takes advantage of the notch diversity. For 4D processing of monitors now acquired with variable-depth cables and with a baseline consisting of a flat towed streamer, we must deal with two processing issues. First, raypaths of traces acquired at the same surface locations differ; second, receiver ghosts lead to different wavelets. A 4D coprocessing flow is introduced that codatums 4D vintages to a common datum early in the sequence. Furthermore, a new deghosting technique is applied to variable-depth and conventional data. This processing flow gives excellent repeatability with 4D noise of less than 10% on a zero-time repeatability test with North Sea data from 2013.
Growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing activities of calprotectin derived from inflammatory exudate cells on normal fibroblasts: regulation by metal ions (1997)

We have shown previously that a calcium-binding protein complex, calprotectin, derived from polymorphonuclear leukocytes exerts a cytostatic and cytolytic effect against a very broad range of tumor cell lines. We also described that calprotectin is an apoptosis-inducing factor for certain tumor cells and that zinc ion attenuates the calprotectin activities. The titers of the factor in body fluids are known to increase greatly in various types of inflammation. In this study, to learn the role of calprotectin in inflammation, the growth-inhibitory and the apoptosis-inducing activities of the factor against normal fibroblasts were examined because fibroblasts are a cell type constituting a local inflammatory site. Rat calprotectin inhibited the growth of murine embryonic as well as human dermal fibroblasts. Although calprotectin induced apoptotic morphology in both fibroblasts, the reaction was slower and less efficient than cases using tumor cells as targets. The activities were significantly abrogated by 10-50 microM Zn2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, or Fe2+, respectively, whereas the trivalent cations Al3+ and Fe3+ had no effect. The dose-response curves of the calprotectin effects were shifted to about 10-fold lower concentration ranges in the divalent metal ion-depleted medium. These results suggest that calprotectin extracellularly affects the inflammatory processes by modulating the growth and survival states of normal fibroblasts, and that the effects are physiologically controlled by several metal ions.
Encapsulation of an Enzyme Cascade within the Bacteriophage P22 Virus-Like Particle (2013)

Developing methods for investigating coupled enzyme systems under conditions that mimic the cellular environment remains a significant challenge. Here we describe a biomimetic approach for constructing densely packed and confined multienzyme systems through the co-encapsulation of 2 and 3 enzymes within a virus-like particle (VLP) that perform a coupled cascade of reactions, creating a synthetic metabolon. Enzymes are efficiently encapsulated in vivo with known stoichiometries, and the kinetic parameters of the individual and coupled activities are characterized. From the results we develop and validate a mathematical model for predicting the expected kinetics for coupled reactions under co-localized conditions.
Preparation of cyclobutenones and cyclopent-2-enones via epoxy sulfone cyclizations (1978)

Epoxysulfones of the type [Formula: see text] react with about 2 equiv. of CH 3 MgI in THF to give 3-phenylsulfonylcyclobutanols and 3-phenylsulfonylcyclopentanols in good to excellent yields. 3-Alkyl-3-phenylsulfonylcyclobutanols and -cyclopentanols can be obtained either from the appropriately substituted epoxides or by alkylation of the dianion of the parent 3-phenylsulfonylcycloalkanols. Oxidation of these alcohols with Jones' reagent followed by treatment of the crude ketones with triethylamine leads to 3-substituted cyclobutenones and cyclopent-2-enones.
A Facile Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Aminopeptidase Inhibitor Tyromycin A (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA Facile Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Aminopeptidase Inhibitor Tyromycin A†Sivaprakasam Mangaleswaran and Narshinha P. ArgadeView Author Information Division of Organic Chemistry (Synthesis), National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 15, 5259–5261Publication Date (Web):June 23, 2001Publication History Received9 March 2001Published online23 June 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo010260ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo010260ebrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views532Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical synthesis,Coupling reactions,Inhibitors,Mixtures,Organic acids Get e-Alerts
Accurate mass measurements on daughter ions from collisional activation in Fourier transform mass spectrometry (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAccurate mass measurements on daughter ions from collisional activation in Fourier transform mass spectrometryRobert B. CodyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 9, 917–923Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00160a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00160a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Response Selection Deficits in Melancholic but not Nonmelancholic Unipolar Major Depression (2004)

One consistent functional imaging finding from patients with major depression has been abnormality of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Hypoperfusion has been most commonly reported, but some studies suggest relative hyperperfusion is associated with response to somatic treatments. Despite these indications of the possible importance of the ACC in depression there have been relatively few cognitive studies ACC function in patients with major depression. The present study employed a series of reaction time (RT) tasks involving selection with melancholic and nonmelancholic depressed patients, as well as age-matched controls. Fifteen patients with unipolar major depression (7 melancholic, 8 nonmelancholic) and 8 healthy age-matched controls performed a series of response selection tasks (choice RT, spatial Stroop, spatial stimulus-response compatibility (SRC), and a combined Stroop + SRC condition). Reaction time and error data were collected. Melancholic patients were significantly slower than controls on all tasks but were slower than nonmelancholic patients only on the Stroop and Stroop + SRC conditions. Nonmelancholic patients did not differ from the control group on any task. The Stroop task seems crucial in differentiating the two depressive groups, they did not differ on the choice RT or SRC tasks. This may reflect differential task demands, the SRC involved symbolic manipulation that might engage the dorsal ACC and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to a greater extent than the, primarily inhibitory, Stroop task which may engage the ventral ACC and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). This might suggest the melancholic group showed a greater ventral ACC-OFC deficit than the nonmelancholic group, while both groups showed similar dorsal ACC-DLPFC deficit.
A fail-safe magnetorheological clutch excited by permanent magnets for the disengagement of automotive auxiliaries (2014)

This work was carried out in the framework of a funded project aimed at evaluating the feasibility of an ad hoc clutch for the disengagement an auxiliary device, i.e. the vacuum pump used with the powerbrake in diesel engine vehicles, when its operation is not required. In this way it is possible to improve the overall vehicle efficiency. Strict design specifications were defined with reference to available room, torque transmission, absence of axial loads and fail-safe operation. A magnetorheological clutch with permanent magnets was conceived to fulfil the technical requirements. Different clutch geometries were compared with particular reference to the fail-safe operation and torque capabilities. After an iterative procedure, in which both mechanical design and magnetic field analyses were considered, the most promising solution was defined and a prototype was built and tested. A four-pole sliding permanent magnet was adopted to generate the magnetic field. The experimental results validated the developed models and demonstrated the feasibility developed models and demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution. A principle for the automatic clutch actuation is also presented.
FBS-Radar: Uncovering Fake Base Stations at Scale in the Wild (2017)

Author(s): Zhenhua Li, Weiwei Wang, Christo Wilson, Jian Chen, Chen Qian, Taeho Jung, Lan Zhang, Kebin Liu, Xiangyang Li, Yunhao Liu Download: Paper (PDF) Date: 27 Feb 2017 Document Type: Reports Additional Documents: Slides Video Associated Event: NDSS Symposium 2017 Abstract: Base stations constitute the basic infrastructure of today s cellular networks. Unfortunately, vulnerabilities in … Continued
Adverse reactions to COVID‐19 vaccines: A practical approach (2021)

COVID-19-related mortality in high-risk individuals is substantial and current treatment options are limited. There is convincing evidence that the COVID-19 vaccines reduce the severity of infection and prevent deaths. Three COVID-19 vaccines are approved in the United Kingdom with many more in development. There are limited data on the triggers and mechanisms of anaphylaxis to these vaccines. We review the potential allergenic compounds in the COVID-19 vaccines and describe an innovative allergy support model for the vaccination hubs that allows most patients with severe allergy be immunized. Finally, we propose a practical algorithm for the investigations of anaphylaxis to these vaccines.
The Protonmotive Q Cycle in Mitochondria and Bacteria (1994)

The cytochrome bc1 complex is an oligomeric electron transfer enzyme located in the inner membrane of mitochondria and the plasma membrane of bacteria. The cytochrome bc1 complex participates in respiration in eukaryotic cells and also participates in respiration, cyclic photosynthetic electron transfer, denitrification, and nitrogen fixation in a phylogenetically diverse collection of bacteria. In all of these organisms, the cytochrome bc1 complex transfers electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c and links this electron transfer to translocation of protons across the membrane in which it resides, thus converting the available free energy of the oxidation-reduction reaction into an electrochemical proton gradient. The mechanism by which the cytochrome bc1 complex achieves this energy transduction is the protonmotive Q cycle. The Q cycle mechanism has been documented by extensive experimentation, and recent investigations have focused on structural features of the three redox subunits of the bc1 complex essential to the protonmotive and electrogenic activities of this membranous enzyme.
Automating Information Flow Analysis of Low Level Code (2014)

Low level code is challenging: It lacks structure, it uses jumps and symbolic addresses, the control flow is often highly optimized, and registers and memory locations may be reused in ways that make typing extremely challenging. Information flow properties create additional complications: They are hyperproperties relating multiple executions, and the possibility of interrupts and concurrency, and use of devices and features like memory-mapped I/O requires a departure from the usual initial-state final-state account of noninterference. In this work we propose a novel approach to relational verification for machine code. Verification goals are expressed as equivalence of traces decorated with observation points. Relational verification conditions are propagated between observation points using symbolic execution, and discharged using first-order reasoning. We have implemented an automated tool that integrates with SMT solvers to automate the verification task. The tool transforms ARMv7 binaries into an intermediate, architecture-independent format using the BAP toolset by means of a verified translator. We demonstrate the capabilities of the tool on a separation kernel system call handler, which mixes hand-written assembly with gcc-optimized output, a UART device driver and a crypto service modular exponentiation routine.
Lateral dopant profiling in semiconductors by force microscopy using capacitive detection (1991)

Recently, high-resolution mapping of dopant concentration has been demonstrated with the scanning capacitance microscope (SCM). Here, we demonstrate that a similar measurement can be made with the atomic force microscope using the previously demonstrated capacitive force sensing mode. By applying appropriate bias to the force tip, depletion-induced capacitive variation is mapped over regions of varying dopant density. This method has a predicted sensitivity comparable to the SCM, and in addition allows imaging of trapped charge, as well as an independent measurement of the surface topography. Results of first-order model calculations are presented which give estimates as to the limits in sensitivity and resolution of this method
Replacement of Histidine 340 with Alanine Inactivates the Group A <i>Streptococcus</i> Extracellular Cysteine Protease Virulence Factor (2000)

Streptococcus pyogenes expresses a highly conserved extracellular cysteine protease that is a virulence factor for invasive disease, including soft tissue infection. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to generate a His340Ala recombinant mutant protein that was made as a stable 40-kDa zymogen by Escherichia coli. Purified His340Ala protein was proteolytically inactive when bovine casein and human fibronectin were used as substrates. Wild-type 28-kDa streptococcal protease purified from S. pyogenes processed the 40-kDa mutant zymogen to a 28-kDa mature form, a result suggesting that the derivative protein retained structural integrity. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that His340 is an enzyme active site residue, an idea confirmed by recent solution of the zymogen crystal structure (T. F. Kagawa, J. C. Cooney, H. M. Baker, S. McSweeney, M. Liu, S. Gubba, J. M. Musser, and E. N. Baker, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:2235-2240, 2000). The data provide additional insight into structure-function relationships in this S. pyogenes virulence factor.
Quantification of Defect Dynamics in Unsteady-State and Steady-State Czochralski Growth of Monocrystalline Silicon (2004)

Most common microdefects in Czochralski silicon, voids and dislocation loops, are formed by agglomeration of point defects, vacancies, and self-interstitials, respectively. Dynamics of formation and growth of the microdefects along with the entire crystal pulling process is simulated. The Frenkel reaction, the transport and nucleation of the point defects, and the growth of the microdefects are considered to occur simultaneously. The nucleation is modeled using the classical nucleation theory. The microdefects are approximated as spherical clusters, which grow by a diffusion-limited kinetics. The microdefect distribution at any given location is captured on the basis of the formation and path histories of the clusters. The microdefect type and size distributions in crystals grown under various steady states as well as unsteady states are predicted. The developed one-dimensional model captures the salient features of defect dynamics and reveals significant differences between the steady-state defect dynamics and the unsteady-state defect dynamics. The model predictions agree very well with the experimental observations. Various predictions of the model are presented, and results are discussed. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
The Enhanced Attachment and Growth of Endothelial Cells on Anhydrous Ammonia Gaseous Plasma Modified Surfaces of Polystyrene and Poly(Tetrafluoroethylene) (1990)

Anhydrous ammonia gaseous plasma technique was used for the surface modification of polystyrene petri dishes and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membranes. Amino groups were added onto surfaces by exposing them to ammonia plasma. Plasma modified polymeric surfaces and control polymeric surfaces were seeded with bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (EC). It was found that attachment of EC to control polystyrene surface was negligible. On the plasma modified polystyrene surface, there was improved attachment and growth of EC. At 96 hours, plasma modified surfaces yielded an order of 3 magnitudes more cells compared to those on control. Twenty four hours after seeding the cells, the percentage of EC attachment to control PTFE surfaces and modified surfaces were found to be about 36% and 92% respectively.