gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Process Control: Modeling, Design and Simulation (2002)

Master process control hands on, through practical examples and MATLAB(R) simulationsThis is the first complete introduction to process control that fully integrates software tools-enabling professionals and students to master critical techniques hands on, through computer simulations based on the popular MATLAB environment. Process Control: Modeling, Design, and Simulation teaches the field's most important techniques, behaviors, and control problems through practical examples, supplemented by extensive exercises-with detailed derivations, relevant software files, and additional techniques available on a companion Web site. Coverage includes: Fundamentals of process control and instrumentation, including objectives, variables, and block diagrams Methodologies for developing dynamic models of chemical processes Dynamic behavior of linear systems: state space models, transfer function-based models, and more Feedback control; proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controllers; and closed-loop stability analysis Frequency response analysis techniques for evaluating the robustness of control systems Improving control loop performance: internal model control (IMC), automatic tuning, gain scheduling, and enhancements to improve disturbance rejection Split-range, selective, and override strategies for switching among inputs or outputs Control loop interactions and multivariable controllers An introduction to model predictive control (MPC)Bequette walks step by step through the development of control instrumentation diagrams for an entire chemical process, reviewing common control strategies for individual unit operations, then discussing strategies for integrated systems. The book also includes 16 learning modules demonstrating how to use MATLAB and SIMULINK to solve several key control problems, ranging from robustness analyses to biochemical reactors, biomedical problems to multivariable control.
Introduction (1993)

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An unsupervised learning method for residual seismic signal recovery (2018)

Noise attenuation has been a long-standing problem in seismic data processing. It presents unique challenges on land due to a complex near surface coupled with unavoidable environmental noise sources. In many cases, weak signal is embedded in much stronger noise, which makes conventional methods less effective on extracting those signals. Machine learning has shown its great promise within the computer vision community through both supervised and unsupervised learning. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on unsupervised learning to recover weak residual signal from seismic data. This method employs dictionary learning and sparse inversion to invert both signal and noise simultaneously. Synthetic and real data examples indicate that this method is capable of recovering signal even if it is orders of magnitude weaker than the surrounding noise. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 16, 2018 Start Time: 1:50:00 PM Location: 204B (Anaheim Convention Center) Presentation Type: Oral
Facile High-Yield Synthesis of Pure, Crystalline Mg(BH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (2007)

Magnesium borohydride, Mg(BH4)2, a long-sought candidate for efficient hydrogen storage chemisorption technology, has been obtained in a pure and crystalline form by two new synthetic routes in a hydrocarbon solvent. A first synthetic approach involves a metathetical reaction between organometallic magnesium compounds; a second route consists of an insertion reaction of BH3 species, released from BH3.S(CH3)2, into the Mg-C bonds of MgR2, with complete replacement of R groups with BH4 groups. Both methods, based on commercially available reagents, afford identical, pure, polycrystalline materials, identified by X-ray diffraction as the so-called low-temperature hexagonal form of Mg(BH4)2, stable below 180 degrees C, recently shown to possess a complex, unpredictable, crystal structure.
Oil Lenses on Water and the Nature of Monomolecular Expanded Films (1933)

A higher hydrocarbon, such as tetradecane, on the surface of water forms a circular lens. The condition for the formation of such stable lenses is that the spreading coefficient FS = γ1 — γ2 — γ12 shall be negative. As the volume of the oil lens is increased, the thickness t at the center slowly approaches a limiting value given by t∞2 = —2Fsρ1/gρ2(ρ1 — ρ2). Equations are given by which FS can be accurately determined from measurements of the radii of large lenses of known volume. The magnitude of the linear tension at the lens boundary is also calculated. Experiments with tetradecane on water at 25°C give FS = —6.2 dynes cm—1 and γ = 26.9. When hydrophilic molecules are introduced into the interface between the lens and the water, they give a spreading force F12 which causes a decrease in — FS and in t. When t&lt;0.1 mm gravitational effects are negligible and the lens degenerates into a duplex film. If such a film is confined by a movable barrier (piston), the force per unit length F exerted on the barrier is equal to FS. If the adsorbed molecules at the interface give a force F12 in accord with the gas laws, then (F — F0)(a — a0) = kT gives the equation of state of the duplex film, where F0 is the value of FS in the absence of hydrophilic substances. It is shown that this equation applies to expanded oil films on water and that these are properly regarded as duplex films although they are monomolecular. The presence of a kink in the observed F — a curves is attributed to the sudden appearance of micelles, each containing β-molecules when F12 rises to a critical value. For the fatty acids on dilute HCl, β = 13. This small value is due to the crowding apart of the heads because of hydration. The esters show little or no hydration and β = 60. The heat of formation of the micelles in the fatty acids is found to be 5.5+0.24n kg cal. per mole where n is the number of carbon atoms. The values of F0 and a0 for various substances are determined from data given by Adam.
Calcium-Dependent Assembly of Centrin-G-Protein Complex in Photoreceptor Cells (2002)

Photoexcitation of rhodopsin activates a heterotrimeric G-protein cascade leading to cyclic GMP hydrolysis in vertebrate photoreceptors. Light-induced exchanges of the visual G-protein transducin between the outer and inner segment of rod photoreceptors occur through the narrow connecting cilium. Here we demonstrate that transducin colocalizes with the Ca(2+)-binding protein centrin 1 in a specific domain of this cilium. Coimmunoprecipitation, centrifugation, centrin overlay, size exclusion chromatography, and kinetic light-scattering experiments indicate that Ca(2+)-activated centrin 1 binds with high affinity and specificity to transducin. The assembly of centrin-G-protein complex is mediated by the betagamma-complex. The Ca(2+)-dependent assembly of a G protein with centrin is a novel aspect of the supply of signaling proteins in sensory cells and a potential link between molecular translocations and signal transduction in general.
Farmers' Views on the Green Belt in Seoul (2003)

The purpose of this study is to examine farmers' intentions, attitudes, and the type of filming they are involved in, including to provide supporting data for planning the agricultural strategy and Green Belt policy in Seoul. All the collected data was analyzed using the contingency tables and the Chi-square test using the SAS computer statistical package. The leaseholders did not want to change the current Green Belt policy for the study area, while the landowning farmers hoped for either its revision or dissolution. Both groups pointed out that the Green Belt policy resulted in the delay of development and complained about the difficulty of changing the land use type. The older generation supported the dissolution of the Green Belt, policy, as compared with the younger generation who wanted to maintain or modify the policy. The leaseholders worried that the possible changes in the Green Belt policy might affect the current agricultural land contract system, whereas the landowning farmers were very interested in easing restrictions on changing land use. The compensation plan, which is indemnified land owners for their loss of restrictions on land use, might be useful to sustain urban farming in the Green Belt.
Immunosuppressive agents in gastrointestinal disease (1995)

Whereas glucocorticoids, azathioprine, and cyclosporine are time-honored immunosuppressives, a variety of other immunomodulating agents are now entering clinical trials for the treatment of transplant rejection and inflammatory bowel disease. With the success of cyclosporine, the lymphocyte activation inhibitors tacrolimus (FK-506) and rapamycin have been developed and demonstrate efficacy in the treatment of allograft rejection. Mycophenolate and brequinar interfere with DMA synthesis in a manner similar to that of azathioprine, whereas thalidomide and deoxyspergualin have less clear mechanisms of action. Advances in understanding the immune mechanisms of inflammation have led to more specific immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches, which include blocking leukocyte adhesion, impairing T-cell function, and inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines. The experimental and clinical data on these compounds and others are discussed in this paper.
Encoding Qubits in Multimode Grid States (2022)

Encoding logical quantum information in harmonic oscillator modes is a promising and hardwareefficient approach to the realization of a quantum computer. In this work, we propose to encode logical qubits in grid states of an ensemble of harmonic oscillator modes. We first discuss general results about these multimode bosonic codes; how to design them, how to practically implement them in different experimental platforms, and how lattice symmetries can be leveraged to perform logical non-Clifford operations. We then introduce in detail two two-mode grid codes based on the hypercubic and D 4 lattices, respectively, showing how to perform a universal set of logical operations. We demonstrate numerically that multimode grid codes have, compared to their single-mode counterpart, increased robustness against propagation of errors from ancillas used for error correction. Finally, we highlight some interesting links between multidimensional lattices and single-mode grid codes concatenated with qubit codes.
Noise-Immune Conjugate Large-Area Atom Interferometers (2009)

We present a pair of simultaneous conjugate Ramsey-Bordé atom interferometers using large (20variant Planck's over 2pik)-momentum transfer beam splitters, where variant Planck's over 2pik is the photon momentum. Simultaneous operation allows for common-mode rejection of vibrational noise. This allows us to surpass the enclosed space-time area of previous interferometers with a splitting of 20variant Planck's over 2pik by a factor of 2500. Using a splitting of 10variant Planck's over 2pik, we demonstrate a 3.4 ppb resolution in the measurement of the fine structure constant. Examples for applications in tests of fundamental laws of physics are given.
Obesity and Diabetes Gene Discovery Approaches (2003)

New treatments are currently required for the common metabolic diseases obesity and type 2 diabetes. The identification of physiological and biochemical factors that underlie the metabolic disturbances observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes is a key step in developing better therapeutic outcomes. The discovery of new genes and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases is critical to this process, however identification of genes that contribute to the risk of developing these diseases represents a significant challenge as obesity and type 2 diabetes are complex diseases with many genetic and environmental causes. A number of diverse approaches have been used to discover and validate potential new targets for obesity and diabetes. To date, DNA-based approaches using candidate gene and genome-wide linkage analysis have had limited success in identifying genomic regions or genes involved in the development of these diseases. Recent advances in the ability to evaluate linkage analysis data from large family pedigrees using variance components based linkage analysis show great promise in robustly identifying genomic regions associated with the development of obesity and diabetes. RNA-based technologies such as cDNA microarrays have identified many genes differentially expressed in tissues of healthy and diseased subjects. Using a combined approach, we are endeavouring to focus attention on differentially expressed genes located in chromosomal regions previously linked with obesity and/or diabetes. Using this strategy, we have identified Beacon as a potential new target for obesity and diabetes.
Spurious Modes in Coaxial Transmission Line Filters (1950)

Coaxial transmission line filters in which the shunt reactive elements are conducting rods inserted between the inner and outer conductors of the series coaxial transmission line may be analyzed by the use of well-known transmission line equations if only the TEM mode propagates. When other "spurious" modes are important, the problem is not so simple. Some equations are presented for the cutoff frequencies of such spurious modes, and supporting experimental data is included.
Calcium Alginate (1999)

The concept of using semipermeable capsules for delivery of therapeutic biological reagents was pioneered by T. M. S. Chang over 30 years ago (Chang 1964). Over the next 15 years, a number of immunoisolation systems were developed in an attempt to protect transplanted tissues or cells from host immune rejection; most of these were hollow fibers that were loaded with isolated pancreatic islets and then transplanted into diabetic rodents as bioartificial pancreas devices (Chick 1977, Tze 1976). In 1980, Lim and Sun successfully applied an alginate-polylysine microencapsulation system to islet transplantation in a rodent model (Lim and Sun 1980). This report attracted more attention to the concept of microencapsulation, especially the alginate-polylysine system. During the last 15 years, much effort has been devoted to the study of this system (reviewed by Lanza and Chick 1997). Most of the procedures for producing these microcap sules involve extruding a mixture of cells and sodium alginate into a divalent cation solution to form water-insoluble gel droplets. The negatively charged gel droplets are then coated with positively charged polymers, such as poly-L-lysine (PLL), through ionic interaction. The primary function of the coating is to form a strong complex membrane that reduces and controls the permeability of the alginate gel sphere. Recently, Lanza et al (1995a) reported prolongation of porcine and bovine islet xenograft survival in diabetic mice without immunosuppression, using uncoated alginate gel spheres—that is, alginate droplets that have under-gone gelation in calcium chloride but have not been coated with a synthetic PLL membrane. Sub-sequently, we applied this method to an even more discordant xenograft model, fish islets transplanted into rodents. In our laboratory, fish islet xenograft survival was significantly prolonged in both diabetic mouse and rat recipients without immunosuppression (Yang et al 1996, 1997b). Further studies revealed that uncoated alginate encapsulation, in combination with immunosuppression, permitted long-term fish islet xenograft survival in diabetic mice and rats (Yang et al 1996, Yang et al 1997b), as well as long-term islet allograft survival in spontaneously diabetic dogs (Lanza et al 1995b). It was surprising that uncoated alginate gel spheres could markedly prolong islet xenograft survival, because data clearly indicate that uncoated alginate gel has sufficient porosity to permit antibodies and complement to enter (Lanza et al 1995a, Martinsen et al 1992, Tanaka et al 1984). It is clear that the immunoprotective effect could not be explained solely by the capsule’s mechanical barrier (i.e., porosity of capsule versus molecular weight of diffusents) and that more complex mechanism(s), such as biological and diffusion modulation effects by the encapsulation materials, must also play significant roles. In this chapter, we will focus on technological advances and insights that have been gained through the study of uncoated calcium alginate gel encapsulation systems.
Energetic Radiation Produced During Rocket-Triggered Lightning (2003)

Using a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector designed to operate in electrically noisy environments, we observed intense bursts of energetic radiation (>> 10 kiloelectron volts) during the dart leader phase of rocket-triggered lightning, just before and possibly at the very start of 31 out of the 37 return strokes measured. The bursts had typical durations of less than 100 microseconds and deposited many tens of megaelectron volts into the detector. These results provide strong evidence that the production of runaway electrons is an important process during lightning.
ChemInform Abstract: CsFexAg2‐xTe2 (x = 0.72): The First Quaternary Iron Telluride Synthesized from Molten Salt. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Learning Optimal Linear Regularizers (2019)

We present algorithms for efficiently learning regularizers that improve generalization. Our approach is based on the insight that regularizers can be viewed as upper bounds on the generalization gap, and that reducing the slack in the bound can improve performance on test data. For a broad class of regularizers, the hyperparameters that give the best upper bound can be computed using linear programming. Under certain Bayesian assumptions, solving the LP lets us "jump" to the optimal hyperparameters given very limited data. This suggests a natural algorithm for tuning regularization hyperparameters, which we show to be effective on both real and synthetic data.
5-Azacytidine induction of stable myoepithelial and acinar cells from a human salivary intercalated duct cell clone. (1987)

A neoplastic human salivary intercalated duct cell clone was cultured in 5 microM 5-azacytidine for 5 days at 37 degrees C; then the cells were trypsinized and subcultured in growth medium without 5-azacytidine. Thereafter, subclones were cloned from the subculture. Of 12 subclones isolated, 7 clonal cell lines were established and characterized. The two subclones composed of cells which were spindle shaped or stellate exhibited phenotypes similar to those of myoepithelial cells such as microfibrils and myosin and formed a myoepithelioma upon transplantation of the cells into nude mice. The other five subclones were composed of polygonal cells with numerous secretory granules in their cytoplasm and containing amylase that seems to be specific to acinar cells; transplantation of these cells into nude mice resulted in production of acinic cell carcinoma. These findings indicate that a neoplastic human salivary intercalated duct cell is capable of at least bidirectional differentiation.
Mono-, Oligo- und Polyrotaxane mit Cucurbituril und gemischte Polyrotaxane mit Cucurbituril und alpha-Cyclodextrin mittels Selbstorganisation (1998)

Using the principle of self-organization mono-, oligo- and polyrotaxanes with the macrocycle cucurbituril are obtained. The rotaxanes of amide are synthesized by interfacial condensation from diacid chlorides and the preorganized structure of the diamine-cucurbituril-complex. Pseudorotaxanes or rotaxanes are received depending on the choice of the diacide chloride. The 1H-NMR-spectra of the rotaxanes are showing typical resonances which are shifted to higher fields. The content of threaded cucurbituril molecules on the polymer can be calculated from the elemental analysis. Mixed polyrotaxanes with the macrocycles cucurbituril and alpha-cyclodextrin are synthesized by the same strategy. Polymer films of the pseudopolyrotaxanes and the polyrotaxanes are dyed with an acid dye. The polyrotaxanes also can be obtained by mealting polymerization. In solution 4,4-bipyridine-derivatives and cucurbituril also form rotaxanes. Unter Anwendung des Prinzips der Selbstorganisation lassen sich Mono-, Oligo- und Polyrotaxane mit dem Makrocyclus Cucurbituril darstellen. Aus Carbonsäurechloriden und der vororganisierten Struktur eines Diamin-Cucurbituril-Komplexes werden in einer Zwei-Phasen-Kondensationsreaktion die amidhaltigen Rotaxane synthetisiert. In Abhängigkeit vom ausgewählten Carbonsäurechlorid bilden sich Pseudorotaxane oder Rotaxane. In den 1H-MNR-Spektren findet man für die Rotaxane typische Signalverschiebungen. Bei den Polyrotaxanen wird mit Hilfe der Elementaranalyse der Gehalt an aufgefädeltem Cucurbituril bestimmt. Mit derselben Synthesestrategie werden gemischte Polyrotaxane mit den Makrocyclen alpha-Cyclodextrin und Cucurbituril dargestellt. Pseudorotaxan- und Polyrotaxanfilme werden mit einem Säurefarbstoff gefärbt. Die Polyrotaxane können auch mit dem Verfahren der Schmelzpolymerisation hergestellt werden. Mit 4,4`-Bipyridin-Derivaten bildet Cucurbituril in Lösung ebenfalls Rotaxane.
New perturbation bounds for nonnegative and positive polar factors (2013)

The changes in the nonnegative and positive polar factors of generalized polar decomposition and polar decomposition are studied under the additive perturbation. Some new perturbation bounds are obtained. These bounds are different from precious ones in form and measure and, in some cases, may be smaller than the corresponding existing ones. Furthermore, the corresponding perturbation bounds for generalized nonnegative and positive polar factors of (M,N) weighted polar decomposition are also presented as the straightforward corollaries.
LTE relay node self-configuration (2011)

Relays are mobile network base stations, which connect to the network via an in-band wireless backhaul link instead of using a dedicated wired or microwave backhaul link as regular base stations do. Connecting through a wireless backhaul raises difficulties when it comes to accessing the operator's Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) System, since prior to the appearance of relay nodes, wireless access was reserved solely for user equipments and not used by network elements at all. However, after deploying a relay node, establishing an initial OAM access is essential in any kind of configuration, particularly when considering an automated configuration process known as self-configuration in principle. Self-configuration is gaining more importance for regular base stations as well as relays as automation of OAM processes is seen as a major contributor to reduce complexity and cost in network operation. In this paper, we introduce a conceptual separation of the initial configuration phase and the operational phase and present a detailed concept for automatic connectivity establishment to the OAM system. The transition from configuration to operational phase is also covered. The results have been verified by an event-driven packet based simulator and the proposed method has been accepted by the 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as the baseline solution for configuring relays in the next generation radio access technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE).