gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hidden digital watermarks in images (1999)

In this paper, an image authentication technique by embedding digital "watermarks" into images is proposed. Watermarking is a technique for labeling digital pictures by hiding secret information into the images. Sophisticated watermark embedding is a potential method to discourage unauthorized copying or attest the origin of the images. In our approach, we embed the watermarks with visually recognizable patterns into the images by selectively modifying the middle-frequency parts of the image. Several variations of the proposed method are addressed. The experimental results show that the proposed technique successfully survives image processing operations, image cropping, and the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) lossy compression.
A determinantal description of GCD-closed sets and<i>k</i>-sets (1992)

Let S={x 1,x 2,…,xn } be a naturally ordered set of distinct positive integers. S is called a k-set if k= gcd(xi ,xj ) for xi ≠xj any in S. In this paper k-sets are characterized by certain conditions on the determinants of some matrices associated with S.
Direct Deposition of Bamboo‐Like Carbon Nanotubes on Copper Substrates by Sulfur‐Assisted HFCVD (2008)

Films of bamboo‐like carbon nanotubes (BCNTs) were grown directly on copper substrates by sulfur‐assisted hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). The effects of substrate temperature and growth time over the BCNT structure were investigated. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy (RS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron field emission (EFE) studies. SEM and Raman characterization indicate a transition from the growth of microcrystalline diamond to the growth of a dense entangled network of carbon nanotubes or fibers as the substrate temperature is increased from 400 to 900 ∘ C that is accounted for by the base growth model. TEM images show that the nanotubes have regular arrays of nanocavities. These BCNTs show good electron field emission properties as other carbon films.
A High-Performance Pulsewidth Modulator for an Inverter-Fed Drive System Using a Microcomputer (1983)

An Intel 8086 microcomputer-based pulsewidth modulator (PWM) is described which receives digital voltage and frequency commands independently at the input, generates precision three- phase PWM waves at the output, and can be used to drive a transistor or thyristor inverter for ac drive systems. A computation intensive uniform sampling technique is used in the low-frequency region, whereas the higher frequency region is based on word recognition and pattern retrieval method. A laboratory breadboard of the modulator has been built and tested for the frequency range 0-250 Hz with resolution of 0.0077 Hz and smooth voltage variation up to square wave within a one-percent step in the whole range. The modulator has been extensively tested with a transistor inverter and hybrid computer simulated induction motor drive system and shows performance improvement over the currently available techniques.
Array processing techniques and shape reconstruction in tomography (2002)

We consider the problem of the shape reconstruction of a compact object in X-ray tomography when the contour of the object is modeled by a polygon. The problem is then to estimate the vertices of that polygon from a limited number of projections. The main objectives of this paper are: (i) to show how this reconstruction problem becomes equivalent to a generic mathematical inversion problem which arises also in linear antenna array processing (AP); (ii) to evaluate the performance of the classical AP techniques to handle this reconstruction problem, and, (iii) to propose a new method based on Bayesian estimation approach for the resolution of this inverse problem.
A Hybrid Approach for Speech Enhancement Using MoG Model and Neural Network Phoneme Classifier (2016)

In this paper, we present a single-microphone speech enhancement algorithm. A hybrid approach is proposed merging the generative mixture of Gaussians (MoG) model and the discriminative deep neural network (DNN). The proposed algorithm is executed in two phases, the training phase, which does not recur, and the test phase. First, the noise-free speech log-power spectral density is modeled as an MoG, representing the phoneme-based diversity in the speech signal. A DNN is then trained with phoneme labeled database of clean speech signals for phoneme classification with mel-frequency cepstral coefficients as the input features. In the test phase, a noisy utterance of an untrained speech is processed. Given the phoneme classification results of the noisy speech utterance, a speech presence probability (SPP) is obtained using both the generative and discriminative models. SPP-controlled attenuation is then applied to the noisy speech while simultaneously, the noise estimate is updated. The discriminative DNN maintains the continuity of the speech and the generative phoneme-based MoG preserves the speech spectral structure. Extensive experimental study using real speech and noise signals is provided. We also compare the proposed algorithm with alternative speech enhancement algorithms. We show that we obtain a significant improvement over previous methods in terms of speech quality measures. Finally, we analyze the contribution of all components of the proposed algorithm indicating their combined importance.
Gastric intestinal metaplasia eleven years after randomized selective proximal vagotomy for peptic ulcer. (1993)

The presence of intestinal metaplasia (IM) 11 years after selective proximal vagotomy (SPV), selective proximal vagotomy with pyloroplasty (SPV + PP) and selective vagotomy with pyloroplasty (SV + PP) was investigated in 38 consecutive patients. IM was significantly more frequent in SPV than in SV + PP, SPV + PP or in unoperated controls of matching ages. IM occurred more frequently both at an older age (> or = 60 years) in SPV and in a larger number of gastric areas than in the other group of patients. Reports in the literature indicate that vagotomy may increase the risk of gastric carcinoma and that IM may antedate malignant transformation. It would thus appear that patients previously operated with SPV (without pyloroplasty) having IM, should be the group of patients to be enrolled in endoscopical surveillance programs for detection of possible cancer development.
Compact modeling of thermal resistance in bipolar transistors on bulk and SOI substrates (2002)

Analytical expressions for the thermal resistance of bipolar transistors on bulk and SOI substrates are presented. The models are derived on the basis of intuitive physical pictures and validated by comparison with experimental data and three-dimensional (3D) device simulation. The effect of bulk and SOI substrates, shallow- and deep-trench isolation, and multiple emitter fingers is accounted for. All models are suitable for both hand calculations and computer-aided design.
Therapists' perceptions of healthy family functioning (1978)

Abstract For several decades family theorists, researchers, and clinicians have attempted to describe healthy and dysfunctional family functioning. The numerous articles and studies with this focus have been reviewed elsewhere (Riskin & Faunce, 1972; Jacob, 1975). Until recently a disproportionate amount of attention has been given to pathology. Several volumes in the past few years have tried to redress this bias by focusing primarily on healthy family functioning (Kantor & Lehr, 1976; Lewis, Beavers, Gossett & Phillips, 1976).
GABA UPTAKE IN RAT CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: COMPARISON OF UPTAKE IN SLICES AND HOMOGENATES AND THE EFFECTS OF SOME INHIBITORS (1971)

Abstract— Fifty‐two substances were tested as inhibitors of the uptake of [ 3 H]GABA in slices of rat cerebral cortex. Among GABA analogues tested, only the 2‐fluoro, 3‐hydroxy and 2‐amino compounds had affinities for the uptake mechanism comparable to that of GABA. [ 3 H]GABA uptake was also potently inhibited by p ‐chloromercuriphenylsulphonate, N ‐ethylmaleimide, chlorpromazine and haloperidol. No inhibitors were found to act in a competitive manner with respect to GABA. [ 3 H]GABA uptake was also examined in homogenates of cerebral cortex and other regions of CNS. There was a rapid uptake of [ 3 H]GABA into particles when homogenate samples were incubated with the labelled amino acid; this uptake had similar kinetic properties and inhibitor sensitivity to that observed in slices of intact tissue. Density gradient centrifugation experiments indicated that the particles responsible for the uptake of [ 3 H]GABA in homogenates were probably synaptosomes. Uptake of [ 3 H]GABA also occurred in slices and homogenates of rat spinal cord, and evidence was obtained by the simultaneous labelling of homogenates with [ 14 C]glycine and [ 3 H]GABA that these two amino acids were taken up by different nerve terminals in this region.
Concurrent File Reorganization: Clustering, Conversion and Maintenance. (1996)

Standard methods for evaluating the target specificity of antimicrobial agents often involve the use of microorganisms with altered expression of selected targets and thus either more resistant or more susceptible to target specific inhibitors. In this study we present an alternative approach that utilizes physiological bypass mutants. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae sphingolipid bypass mutant strain AGD is able to grow without making sphingolipids and importantly, tolerates loss-of-function mutations in the otherwise essential genes for both serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) and inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC) synthase. We found that strain AGD was >1000-fold more resistant than the wild-type strain to selective inhibitors of SPT and IPC synthase. In contrast, strain AGD, which due to abnormal composition of the plasma membrane is sensitive to a variety of environmental stresses, was more susceptible than the wild-type to amphotericin B, voriconazole, and to cycloheximide. We show that in a simple growth assay the AGD strain is an appropriate and useful indicator for inhibitors of IPC synthase, a selective antifungal target.
Minimizing the number of paths in BDDs (2002)

BDDs are used in several fields as e.g. formal verification or synthesis. Minimizing the number of nodes in a BDD is a common technique, to reduce the memory needed to express a function. But recently applications like SAT-solving or synthesis have been shown to benefit from a small number of paths in a BDD. Here we present an algorithm and its implementation to carry out the minimization of a BDD with respect to the number of paths. After showing the existence of functions that can not be represented by a BDD that is minimal in the number of nodes and the number of paths at once, statistical experiments on the ISCAS89 benchmark set show the efficiency of the technique. In another set of experiments, the minimization of numbers of paths is compared to that of the number of nodes.
The role of cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases in the cardiac actions of the new calcium sensitizer, levosimendan (1997)

Our results indicate that the cardiac effects of levosimendan at its therapeutically relevant concentrations were not mediated through PKA or PKG and its positive inotropy is therefore most probably due to the previously reported troponin-C-mediated calcium sensitization of contractile proteins.
Catalytic subunit of firefly luciferase (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic subunit of firefly luciferaseJeffrey Denburg and William D. McElroyCite this: Biochemistry 1970, 9, 24, 4619–4624Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00826a001https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00826a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Addition of Electrochemically Prepared Arylzinc Species onto Activated Olefins via a Cobalt Catalysis (2002)

The consumable anode process allows the electrochemical preparation of arylzinc compounds in the presence of cobalt chloride as catalyst in a mixed solvent acetonitrile/pyridine (9:1). Conjugate addition of these organometallic reagents to olefins is also obtained in good yields via a new method using CoBr2(2,2′-bipyridine)2 as catalyst.
Simulation and experimental studies on the concept of a rate-adaptive digital subscriber loop (RA-DSL) (1991)

The authors report simulation results and prototype control protocols for a digital subscriber loop transmission system, which will find and operate at the highest common bidirectional transmission rate that is viable on a given loop while preserving a specified noise margin. A prototype implements the rate-adaptation and transmission protocols over a captive multigauge cable facility. Simulation results predict the accompanying symbol rate versus reach characteristics for a transceiver with the same structure as basic rate access (BRA) systems under RA-DSL control. Results show that 1.5 Mb/s could be delivered to loops of up to 2 km while subscribers out to 10 km could receive 80 kb/s. For a number of specialized or short-notice situations, RA-DSL could be the basis for a fast and flexible response vehicle. If RA-DSL cannot serve an individual combination of distance and capacity, existing methods remain. However, a statistical assessment with metro population data shows the potential for RA-DSL to satisfy 4-6 times more n*DS-0 access requests than BRA on existing copper, without carrier serving area constraints.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
CO<sub>2</sub>-Philic Polymer Membrane with Extremely High Separation Performance (2009)

Polymeric membranes are attractive for CO2 separation and concentration from different gas streams because of their versatility and energy efficiency; they can compete with, and they may even replace, traditional absorption processes. Here we describe a simple and powerful method for developing nanostructured and CO2-philic polymer membranes for CO2 separation. A poly(ethylene oxide)−poly(butylene terephthalate) multiblock copolymer is used as membrane material. Smart additives such as polyethylene glycol dibutyl ether are incorporated as spacers or fillers for producing nanostructured materials. The addition of these specific additives produces CO2-philic membranes and increases the CO2 permeability (750 barrer) up to five-fold without the loss of selectivity. The membranes present outstanding performance for CO2 separation, and the measured CO2 flux is extremely high (>2 m3 m−2 h−1 bar−1) with selectivity over H2 and N2 of 10 and 40, respectively, making them attractive for CO2 capture.
A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with two monoclonal antibodies to specific epitopes measures human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (2002)

We established five monoclonal antibodies that reacted with human LCAT and recognized different epitopes on LCAT. These are mouse anti-human LCAT monoclonal antibodies designated 36487, 36454, 36442, 36405, and 36486, which react with the peptides corresponding to human LCAT amino acid residues R159-E179, M258-S273, S274-S294, D352-S376, and N415-E440, respectively. We also successfully used two of these antibodies to develop an ELISA, which uses a solid phase monoclonal antibody, 36486, that reacts with the C-terminus of LCAT, and a detection monoclonal antibody, 36487, that reacts with an epitope located in the center of the LCAT primary structure. We observed a significant positive correlation between the values of LCAT protein determined with ELISA and LCAT activity determined with liposome substrate (r = 0.871, P < 0.001) or the endogenous self-substrate method (r = 0.864, P < 0.001), and we obtained inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variation less than 6.1%, minimum detection limit of 0.1 microg/ml. Highly specific monoclonal antibodies will be useful in the study of the molecular pathology of LCAT. Therefore, this precise and sensitive LCAT assay will help clarify the role of this enzyme in the metabolism of HDLs, and can be used for diagnostic purposes in investigating liver function. We obtained five monoclonal antibodies that recognized different epitopes on LCAT and developed a sandwich-type ELISA. Highly specific monoclonal antibodies provide a sensitive and specific analytical system for measurements of LCAT protein.
Brain perfusion SPECT imaging and acetazolamide challenge in vascular cognitive impairment (2012)

Cerebrovascular disease is recognized as a common cause of cognitive impairment and dementia, alone or coexisting with other neurodegenerative diseases, mostly Alzheimer's disease. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a part of the heterogenous disorders group related to cerebral vessel disease. Although age is one of the most important risk factors for VCI, other common cardiovascular risk factors are also involved. By investigating these risk factors, a high proportion of these cognitive disorders can be prevented and/or delayed. Until now, only treatment of midlife arterial hypertension has been recognized as a preventing factor of vascular dementia. Brain MRI is becoming the method of choice to investigate cerebral vascular pathologies. However, this form of morphological imaging remains inadequate and does not provide useful functional information during VCI exploration, despite which functional imaging such as brain perfusion single-photon computed tomography, performed in baseline conditions and/or after an acetazolamide challenge, is underutilized in VCI exploration. The common strategies for VCI screening have not been standardized until now, and therefore further long-term imaging studies are needed to establish early diagnostic protocols. The present review summarizes the potential benefits of brain perfusion single-photon computed tomography imaging and possible scintigraphic quantification of cerebral hemodynamic reserves in investigation of VCI.
Transplacentally acquired maternal T lymphocytes in severe combined immunodeficiency: a study of 121 patients (2001)

A study in 121 infants with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) was performed to determine the prevalence of an engraftment by transplacentally acquired maternal T cells and to explore clinical and immunological findings related to this abnormality. Each newly diagnosed patient with SCID presenting with circulating T cells was evaluated for chimerism by performing selective HLA typing of T cells and non-T cells. In patients with engraftment, maternal T cells were characterized phenotypically and functionally, and results were correlated with clinical findings in the patients. Maternal T cells were detected in the circulation in 48 patients; these cells ranged from fewer than 100/microL in 14 cases to more than 2000/microL in 4 cases (median, 415/microL). Clinical signs of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were absent in 29 patients. In the other cases, manifestations of GVHD were present, involving the skin and in 14 cases also the liver. Skin GVHD was mild in 8 patients. In these patients, as well as in patients with no signs of GVHD, maternal T cells were predominantly CD8(+) and, with one exception, failed to respond to mitogen stimulation. In 9 patients, manifestations of skin GVHD were prominent. T cells in these cases were predominantly CD4(+) and responded, with one exception, to mitogen stimulation. In 8 of the cases with prominent skin GVHD, the underlying SCID variant was characterized by the absence of B cells. In this study, further understanding is provided of a phenomenon that is responsible for the significant heterogeneity of clinical and immunological findings in SCID.
A System Analysis Tool (2000)

In this paper we describe a tool for analyzing systems. The analysis is based on program slicing. It answers the following question for the software: if the value of a particular variable changes, what other variable values also change, and what is the path in between? program slicing was developed based on intra-procedure control and data flow. It has been expanded commercially to inter-procedure flow. However, we extend slicing to collections of programs and non-program entities, which we term multi-domain systems. The value of our tool is that an analyst can model the entirety of a system, not just the software, and we believe that this makes for a significant increase in power. We are building a prototype system.
Microwave-assisted synthesis and <i>in vitro</i> osteogenic analysis of novel bioactive glass fibers for biomedical and dental applications (2018)

Glass fiber-based materials have gained interest for use in biomedical and dental applications. The aim of this study was to make E-glass fiber bioactive by a novel method using the microwave irradiation technique. Industrial E-glass fibers were used after surface activation with the hydrolysis method. The ratio of calcium and phosphorous precursors was set at 1.67. After maintaining the pH of the calcium solution, E-glass fibers in two ratios, i.e. 30% (nHA/E30) and 50% (nHA/E50) wt/wt, were added. The phosphorous precursor was added later and the solution was irradiated in a microwave to obtain nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) particles on E-glass fibers. The structural, physical and in vitro biocompatibility analyses of the resulting materials were conducted. The expression of osteopontin (OPN) and collagen (Col) type 1 was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and comparison was made between all the groups. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction showed characteristic peaks of nHA, and a change in the peak intensities was observed with an increase in the concentration of E-glass fibers. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images confirmed the homogenous adhesion of nHA spherical particles all over the fibers. Cell viability with mesenchymal stem cells showed growth, proliferation, and adhesion. All the materials were able to upregulate the expression of the OPN and Col, where gene expression was highest in nHA followed by nHA/E30 and nHA/E50. The bioactive glass fibers were synthesized in the shortest time and showed osteogenic properties. These materials have the potential for use in bone tissue engineering, dental prosthesis, and tooth restoration.