gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PENETRATION OF GUINEA-PIG SPERMATOZOA INTO HAMSTER EGGS <i>IN VITRO</i> (1972)

With some important exceptions (Chang & Hancock, 1967), fertilization of mammalian eggs is species-specific in that the eggs of a species can be penetrated only by spermatozoa of the same species. The analysis of the species-specificity of fertilization is very difficult when in-vivo systems are used. In-vitro systems, on the other hand, eliminate many factors and enable us to examine directly the interactions between the eggs and spermatozoa. Barros (1968) inseminated rat eggs in vitro with capacitated golden hamster spermatozoa and found that only one out of 294 eggs had been penetrated. In this egg, two spermatozoa had penetrated the zona pellucida but failed to enter the vitellus. On the other hand, none of 280 mouse eggs inseminated in vitro with capacitated hamster spermatozoa were found to be penetrated.
Virtual Machines And Networks - Installation, Performance, Study, Advantages And Virtualization Options (2011)

The interest in virtualization has been growing rapidly in the IT industry because of inherent benefits like better resource utilization and ease of system manageability. The experimentation and use of virtualization as well as the simultaneous deployment of virtual software are increasingly getting popular and in use by educational institutions for research and teaching. This paper stresses on the potential advantages associated with virtualization and the use of virtual machines for scenarios, which cannot be easily implemented and/or studied in a traditional academic network environment, but need to be explored and experimented by students to meet the raising needs and knowledge-base demanded by the IT industry. In this context, we discuss various aspects of virtualization -starting from the working principle of virtual machines, installation procedure for a virtual guest operating system on a physical host operating system, virtualization options and a performance study measuring the throughput obtained on a network of virtual machines and physical host machines. In addition, the paper extensively evaluates the use of virtual machines and virtual networks in an academic environment and also specifically discusses sample projects on network security, which may not be feasible enough to be conducted in a physical network of personal computers; but could be conducted only using virtual machines.
Dialysis staff encouragement and fluid control adherence in patients on hemodialysis. (2009)

Dialysis staff encouragement is important in improving fluid control adherence.
A new method of information extraction from PDF files (2005)

With the rapid increase of the PDF files in Internet, how to manage and search PDF files efficiently and quickly has become an urgent problem to be solved. The most important step of solving this problem is to extract information from the PDF files. This paper presents a new method for extracting information from PDF files. It first parses PDF files to get text and format information and injects tags into text information to transform it into semi-structured text, and finally, one pattern match algorithm based on tree model is applied to obtain the solution. A further experiment proved this method was effective.
Large Animal Internal Medicine: Diseases of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, and Goats (1996)

This best-selling, comprehensive text of large animal internal medicine returns in an updated and expanded second edition. It features the signs and symptoms approach to diagnosis, helping you identify and manage large animal disorders more easily.
An unexplained observation (1906)

25 4106 2 6qui, devenant de plus en plus Claire A mesure que l'on tourne le cercle du photomhtre, peut arriver B avoir la m&me intensit6 que les parties adjacentes de la Lune.Alors la lecture du cercle fournit 1'Cclat de ces parties.Je donne ici quelques mesures de ce genre, seulement A titre d'exemple, sans y attribuer aucune valeur de precision.~ 1906 I Mars 26 Eclat de quelques parties denses de la ntbuleuse d'Orion.Orion est dCjA trhs bas.0.000422 0.000422 0.000166.
Characterization of the Alternating Bowel Habit Subtype in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (2005)

IBS-A patients have rapidly fluctuating symptoms and increased psychological comorbidity, which should be taken into account for clinical practice and clinical trials.
Effect of Li/Nb Ratio on the SAW Velocity of 128°Y–X LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Wafers (1987)

The effects of the composition on the SAW velocity and the electro-mechanical coupling constant ( k 2 ) of 128°-rotated Y-cut X-propagating (128°Y–X) LiNbO 3 wafers have been quantitatively investigated. The composition of the wafer was determined from the Curie temperature detected by DTA measurements and the SAW velocity from the measurements on a 70 MHz band SAW Comb filter. From the experiments, both the SAW velocity and the k 2 obviously depended on the composition of the wafer. Variations of the SAW velocity and the k 2 per 1 Li 2 O mol% were 43.4 m/sec and 0.43%. At the composition of 48.6 Li 2 O mol% which was reported as the congruent melt composition by Carruthers et al. , 1) the SAW velocity and the k 2 were 3986 m/sec and 5.8%, respectively.
Purine and Pyridine Nucleotide Metabolism in the Erythrocytes of Patients with Rett Syndrome (1995)

The possible involvement of purine and pyridine metabolism in Rett syndrome, a neurodegenerative disorder of unknown aetiology affecting females, was investigated. The levels of purine and pyridine nucleotides and their metabolites were determined by HPLC in the erythrocytes and plasma of 31 Rett patients and of 17 age-matched controls. Nucleotide production rate from extracellular precursors was determined in intact cells and enzyme activities were assayed in crude lysates using the same HPLC method. Decreased plasma nicotinamide concentrations and lower erythrocyte activities of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase, adenine phosphoribosyl transferase and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase were observed in Rett children compared with age-matched controls, while the production rate of IMP from hypoxanthine and of total pyridine nucleotides from nicotinic acid by intact erythrocytes was significantly increased. No significant difference was found in any of the other parameters examined. These findings give a new contribution to the knowledge of the biochemical alterations in Rett syndrome and encourage further investigations in the nucleotide field.
Deducing the visual focus of attention from head pose estimation in dynamic multi-view meeting scenarios (2008)

This paper presents our work on recognizing the visual focus of attention during dynamic meeting scenarios. We collected a new dataset of meetings, in which acting participants were to follow a predefined script of events, to enforce focus shifts of the remaining, unaware meeting members. Including the whole room, all in all, a total of 35 potential focus targets were annotated, of which some were moved or introduced spontaneously during the meeting. On this dynamic dataset, we present a new approach to deduce the visual focus by means of head orientation as a first clue and show, that our system recognizes the correct visual target in over 57% of all frames, compared to 47% when mapping head pose to the first-best intersecting focus target directly.
Effects of Exposure to Single or Multiple Combinations of the Predominant Toxic Gases and Low Oxygen Atmospheres Produced in Fires (1987)

Effects of Exposure to Single or Multiple Combinations of the Predominant Toxic Gases and Low Oxygen Atmospheres Produced in Fires. LEVIN, B. C., PAABO, M., GURMAN, J. L., AND HARRIS, S. E. (1987). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 9, 236–250. The toxicity of single and multiple fire gases is studied to determine whether the toxic effects of the combustion products from materials can be explained by the toxicological interactions (as indicated by lethality) of the primary fire gases or if minor, more obscure gases need to be considered. LC50 values for Fischer-344 rats have been calculated for the individual gases, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), or decreased oxygen (O2), for 30-min exposures plus relevant postexposure periods using the NBS Toxicity Test Method. Combination experiments with CO and HCN indicate that they act in an additive manner. Synergistic effects have been found when the animals are exposed to certain combinations of CO and carbon dioxide (CO2). Five percent CO2 raised the threshold for deaths due to hypoxia and decreased the LC50 of HCN. Decreasing the O2 concentration in the presence of various mixtures of the other major fire gases increased the toxicity even further. A comparison of the concentrations of the major combustion products generated from a number of polymeric materials at their LC50 (30-min exposure plus 14-day postexposure) values with the combined pure gas results indicates that, in most cases, the observed toxicity may be explained by the toxicological interactions of the examined primary toxic fire gases. These results provide necessary information for the computer model currently being developed at the Center for Fire Research to predict the toxic hazard that people will experience under various fire scenanos.
Design of an OFDM receiver for high-speed wireless LAN (2002)

In this paper, we propose a baseband OFDM receiver for highspeed wireless local area network defined in IEEE 802.11a physical layer. Algorithms for channel estimation/equalization, timing recovery, carrier frequency acquisition/tracking, and sampling clock tracking are individually designed and later integrated into a receiver architecture. Simulation results show that the proposed OFDM receiver architecture is capable of high-rate data transmission in indoor multi-path fading channels.
The Application of Implant Technology for Cybernetic Systems (2003)

This implant may allow recipients to have abilities they would otherwise not possess. The response to stimulation improved considerably during the trial, suggesting that the subject learned to process the incoming information more effectively.
An advanced smart card family for public key algorithm (2002)

Project 8637-HIDICCA has been started at the end of 1993 by a consortium of European companies and research centres, within the Framework IV of ESPRIT, with the purpose to develop a new generation Smart Card, for public key algorithm, having the possibility of embedding large amounts of byte programmable non volatile memory. Main characteristics are high security, enhanced by the parallel development of the card and the operating system, flexibility, to allow optimised solutions for different applications, and low cost. A new type of EEPROM memory cell has been developed to allow the incorporation of large memory blocks. The first silicon of the new card is expected within August 1996.
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTISERA TO SYNTHETIC 1–34 HUMAN PARATHYROID HORMONE FRAGMENTS: POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CORRECTNESS OF PROPOSED STRUCTURES (1979)

Antisera were raised to 1-34 hPTH-B and to 1-34 hPTH-N. In the assays utilizing antisera to 1-34 hPTH-B the relative affinity of 1-84 hPTH was correlated with the activity displayed by 1-34 hPTH-N. The activity of 13-34 hPTH-B was always higher than that of 1-12 hPTH, but both peptides displaced most of the radioiodinated 1-34 hPTH-B from the antiserum. This may be due to the fact that the 1-12 and 13-34 fragments contain a homologous sequence: 6--10 (-GlN-Leu-Met-His-AsN-) and 29--33 (-GlN-Leu-Val-His-AsN-). It was possible to develop a heterologous radioimmunoassay using anti-(1-34 hPTH-B) antiserum and [125I]1-34 hPTH-N with favourable properties: complete cross-reactivity of 1-84 hPTH and high sensitivity (less than 10-14 mol/tube). All antisera to 1-34 hPTH-N were characterized by a high reactivity towards 1-34 bPTH and a higher avidity for 1-84 hPTH than for 1-34 hPTH-B. In all assays using either antisera to 1-34 hPTH-B or antisera to 1-34 hPTH-N 19-24 hPTH-B was completely inactive. In accordance with our previous observation that position 30 in native hPTH is probably occupied by an aspartic acid residue, the present study seems to indicate that position 28 or 30 is indeed represented incorrectly by the structure of 1-34 hPTH-B.
<title>Perceptually based quantization technique for MPEG encoding</title> (1998)

We present a technique for controlling the adaptive quantization process in an MPEG encoder, which improves upon the commonly used TM5 rate controller. The method combines both a spatial masking model and a technique for automatically determining the visually important areas in a scene. The spatial masking model has been designed with consideration of the structure of compressed natural images. It takes into account the different levels of distortion that are tolerable by viewers in different parts of a picture by segmenting the scene into flat, edge, and textured regions and quantizing these regions differently. The visually important scene areas are calculated using Importance Maps. These maps are generated by combining factors known to influence human visual attention and eye movements. Lower quantization is assigned to visually important regions, while areas classified as being of low visual importance are more harshly quantized. Results indicate a subjective improvement in picture quality, in comparison to the TM5 method. Less ringing occurs at edges, and the visually important areas of a picture are more accurately coded. This is particularly noticeable at low bit rates. The technique is computationally efficient and flexible, and can easily be extended to specific applications.
SpEx: A Tool for Visualising and Navigating Speech Audio (2013)

<p>Audio is a ubiquitous form of information that is usually treated as a single, unbreakable, piece of content. Thus, audio interfaces remain simple, usually consisting of play, pause, forward, and rewind controls. Spoken audio can contain useful information across multiple topics and finding the information desired is usually time consuming. Most audio players simply do not reveal the content of the audio. By using the speech transcript and acoustic qualities of the audio, I have developed a tool, SpEx, which enabled search and navigation within spoken audio. SpEx displayed audio as discrete segments and revealed the topic content of each segment using mature Information Visualisation techniques. Audio segments were produced based on the acoustic and sentence properties of speech to identify topically and aurally distinct regions. A user study found that SpEx allowed users to find information in spoken audio quickly and reliably. By making spoken audio more accessible, people can gain access to a wider range of information.</p>
Role of cytokines in bone resorption (1993)

Osteoclastic bone resorption is modulated in humans by powerful osteotropic factors which are generated in the immediate vicinity of bone resorbing surfaces. These factors are released from marrow mononuclear cells and from some bone cells, and some are actually incorporated into the noncollagenous bone matrix from where they are released when bone is resorbed. They are likely important not only in the control of normal bone remodeling, but also in a number of disease states associated with disordered remodeling. In this review, current concepts of the effects of these factors on cells in the osteoclast lineage will be discussed.
Run-Time Dynamic Resource Adjustment for Mitigating Skew in MapReduce (2021)

MapReduce is a widely used programming model for large-scale data processing. However, it still suffers from the skew problem, which refers to the case in which load is imbalanced among tasks. This problem can cause a small number of tasks to consume much more time than other tasks, thereby prolonging the total job completion time. Existing solutions to this problem commonly predict the loads of tasks and then rebalance the load among them. However, solutions of this kind often incur high performance overhead due to the load prediction and rebalancing. Moreover, existing solutions target the partitioning skew for reduce tasks, but cannot mitigate the computational skew for map tasks. Accordingly, in this paper, we present DynamicAdjust, a run-time dynamic resource adjustment technique for mitigating skew. Rather than rebalancing the load among tasks, DynamicAdjust monitors the run-time execution of tasks and dynamically increases resources for those tasks that require more computation. In so doing, DynamicAdjust can not only eliminate the overhead incurred by load prediction and rebalancing, but also culls both the partitioning skew and the computational skew. Experiments are conducted based on a 21-node real cluster using real-world datasets. The results show that DynamicAdjust can mitigate the negative impact of the skew and shorten the job completion time by up to 40.85%.
Noninvasive in vivo imaging reveals differences between tectorial membrane and basilar membrane traveling waves in the mouse cochlea (2015)

Sound is encoded within the auditory portion of the inner ear, the cochlea, after propagating down its length as a traveling wave. For over half a century, vibratory measurements to study cochlear traveling waves have been made using invasive approaches such as laser Doppler vibrometry. Although these studies have provided critical information regarding the nonlinear processes within the living cochlea that increase the amplitude of vibration and sharpen frequency tuning, the data have typically been limited to point measurements of basilar membrane vibration. In addition, opening the cochlea may alter its function and affect the findings. Here we describe volumetric optical coherence tomography vibrometry, a technique that overcomes these limitations by providing depth-resolved displacement measurements at 200 kHz inside a 3D volume of tissue with picometer sensitivity. We studied the mouse cochlea by imaging noninvasively through the surrounding bone to measure sound-induced vibrations of the sensory structures in vivo, and report, to our knowledge, the first measures of tectorial membrane vibration within the unopened cochlea. We found that the tectorial membrane sustains traveling wave propagation. Compared with basilar membrane traveling waves, tectorial membrane traveling waves have larger dynamic ranges, sharper frequency tuning, and apically shifted positions of peak vibration. These findings explain discrepancies between previously published basilar membrane vibration and auditory nerve single unit data. Because the tectorial membrane directly overlies the inner hair cell stereociliary bundles, these data provide the most accurate characterization of the stimulus shaping the afferent auditory response available to date.
Characterization of the Serpin-Encoding Gene of<i>Bifidobacterium breve</i>210B (2010)

Members of the serpin (serine protease inhibitor) superfamily have been identified in higher multicellular eukaryotes, as well as in bacteria, although examination of available genome sequences has indicated that homologs of the bacterial serpin-encoding gene (ser) are not widely distributed. In members of the genus Bifidobacterium this gene appears to be present in at least 5, and perhaps up to 9, of the 30 species tested. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis using available bacterial and eukaryotic serpin sequences revealed that bifidobacteria produce serpins that form a separate clade. We characterized the ser(210B) locus of Bifidobacterium breve 210B, which encompasses a number of genes whose deduced protein products display significant similarity to proteins encoded by corresponding loci found in several other bifidobacteria. Northern hybridization, primer extension, microarray, reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed that a 3.5-kb polycistronic mRNA encompassing the ser(210B) operon with a single transcriptional start site is strongly induced following treatment of B. breve 210B cultures with some proteases. Interestingly, transcription of other bifidobacterial ser homologs appears to be triggered by different proteases.
Transformation and Cooperation: Cultural Impressions of Azerbaijan (2006)

After gaining political independence in 1991 Azerbaijan has taken entered into a period of transformation and development. It’s people are hopeful for the future and embrace and internationalist approach to their development. The NATO workshop was one such venue for idea-sharing and cooperation in the destruction of military waste leftover from the time of Soviet occupation. This piece shares the author’s cultural experience and observations of Baku and of the NATO workshop. The author was able to participate as a researcher funded by the Brandenburg University of Technology in Cottbus and the German Fulbright Commission.
RC Constant-Argument Driving-Point Admittances (1959)

This paper deals with a class of RC driving-point immittances characterized by nearly constant argument over an extended frequency range. These arguments may have an average value between the limits zero and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\pi/2</tex> radians. Networks having near constant argument are of importance in shaping the phase character of the forward gain in feedback systems. These networks have arguments that oscillate about a mean value and the nature of this oscillation is discussed. The poles of admittance are geometrically spaced along the negative-real frequency axis, and consequently the elements of the network' can be thought of as "spaced." The immittance functions and argument oscillations for the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">22-1/2° , 45°</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">67- 1/2°</tex> cases as a function of spacing are fully discussed. An application to a feedback amplifier design is given.
An Interesting Case of Parapsoriasis (1979)

50才の婦人で, 17才ころより両手背にわずかに鱗屑を付す粟粒大の丘疹を生じ, まもなく全身に拡大した。25才ころよりおもに頸部および上肢に紫褐色網状色素沈着を生じ, 色素沈着部が皮表より陥凹した臨床像を呈してきたが, これらの皮疹は漸次消退し痕跡程度となつた。しかし, 46才ころより左大腿に手掌大の境界比較的明瞭な紅斑局面が発生し, 両大腿にも同様疹が拡大してきた。臨床所見および組織学的所見より, parapsoriasis lichenoidesからparapsoriasis en plaquesへ移行した症例と考えられ, 若干の考察を加えて報告した。
Modeling axon membranes for functional electrical stimulation (1993)

Four models are discussed which can be used to predict the behavior of warm-blooded axons, when excited by electric fields. Up to now, most results were obtained with the Frankenhaeuser-Huxley model, but nearly all of them are wrong in time scale and the cathodic block phenomenon was not observable because the temperature dependence of the gating mechanism has been neglected. However, in the corrected form this model reacts with similar excitability as the two other myelinated nerve models which consider that the potassium current is negligible in mammalian axon membranes. Strength-duration relations for cathodic and anodic excitations, as well as for cathodic blockade, are presented. Paradoxically, the "warm" squid model of Hodgkin and Huxley is the only one which reflects phenomena known from stimulations of the (myelinated) acoustic nerve by cochlear implants.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Journal of Economic Entomology: Official Organ American Association of Economic Entomologists (1948)

Journal Article Journal of Economic Entomology: Official Organ American Association of Economic Entomologists Get access S. A. Rohwer S. A. Rohwer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 41, Issue 6, 1 December 1948, Pages 995–996, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/41.6.995 Published: 01 December 1948