gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infant Pneumonitis Associated With Cytomegalovirus, <i>Chlamydia, Pneumocystis</i>, and <i>Ureaplasma:</i> Follow-up (1987)

A total of 205 infants who were hospitalized when younger than 3 months of age for pneumonitis were followed longitudinally. Of these patients, 145 (70%) had evidence of infection with one or more pathogens. The most common etiologic agents were Chlamydia trachomatis 61/193 (36%), respiratory syncytial virus 33/142 (23%), cytomegalovirus 42/203 (20%), Pneumocystis carinii 30/171 (17%), and Ureaplasma urealyticum 21/125 (16%). The initial clinical presentation was characterized by cough, rales, normal temperature, and diffuse obstructive airways disease by chest roentgenogram. Regardless of etiology, significant association occurred for cough and cytomegalovirus, apnea and Pneumocystis, and conjunctivitis and Chlamydia. Longitudinal follow-up demonstrates a mortality of 7/205 (3.4%). Morbidity was manifest as recurrent wheezing episodes in 86/187 (46%) patients, persistently abnormal chest roentgenographic findings for at least 12 months in 17/109 (15%) patients, and abnormal pulmonary functions in 15/25 (60%) patients. These abnormalities occurred irrespective of prematurity, atopy, or the initial etiologic agent associated with the pneumonitis. These data add further evidence that respiratory infections during infancy may well be predecessors of obstructive airways disease in later life.
Tissue Expansion in Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (1998)

Part I: Fundamentals. History and Evolution of Tissue Expansion. Tissue Expanders and General Guidelines for Tissue Expansion Technique. Reaction Patterns and Dysfunctional Changes in Expanded Tissue. Complications in Soft Tissue Expansion. Part II: Clinical Experience. Scalp and Forehead Reconstruction. Face and Neck Reconstruction and Combined Procedures. Nasal Expansion Reconstruction. Reconstruction of Acquired and Congenital Auricular Defects. Upper and Lower Extremity Expansion. Abdominal and Back Expansion. Scrotal Reconstruction. Breast, Nipple, And Areolar Reconstruction. Part III: Intraoperative Expansion. Intraoperative Expansion as an Immediate Reconstructive Technique. Intraoperative Expansion in Aesthetic Surgery. Intraoperative Expansion for Correction of Aesthetic Complications. Part IV: Specialized Areas and Tissue Expansion. Specialized Areas of Expansion. Endoscopic Expansion Surgery.
Local Atomic Bonding in Fluorinated Silicon Oxides: Bond-Ionicity-Controlled Contributions of Infrared-Active Vibrations to the Static Dielectric Constant (1997)

There is considerable interest in insulating films with static dielectric constants lower than that of SiO 2 . One alloy system that has attracted much recent attention is F-doped SiO 2 or Si–O–F. This paper i) reviews the published experimental results for the infrared optical properties of Si–O–F alloys, ii) discusses the bonding arrangements of F atoms in the SiO 2 network structure, iii) develops a procedure for characterizing the composition of these materials in a pseudo-binary alloy notation, iv) explains the reductions in the dielectric constant induced by F atoms in terms of bond-ionicity-controlled contributions from electronic and vibrational dipole transitions, and v) addresses briefly the chemical stability of the films.
<title>Boron distribution profiling in asymmetrical n<formula><sup><roman>+</roman></sup></formula>-p silicon photodiodes and new creation concept of selectively sensitive photoelements for megapixel color photoreceivers</title> (2006)

Experimental results on spectral photo responsivity obtained for silicon n<sup>+</sup>-p photodiodes with implanted p<sup>+</sup> layer in a silicon substrate are represented. It is demonstrated, that such p<sup>+</sup> doping effectively shifts long-wave edge of the photodiode's spectral sensitivity in optical range of light spectrum, depending on the p<sup>+</sup> layer bedding depth. A new concept of selectively sensitive photoelements development was stated for megapixel color photoreceivers on the basis of n<sup>+</sup>-p photodiode structures, containing one or more different (in depths) implanted layers, which form color separation potential barriers and lateral diffusion channels required for collecting of minority carriers generated by quanta of different wavelength.
Development of end-to-end global logistics integration framework with virtualisation and cloud computing. (2014)

End to end global supply chain network information integration and collaboration cannot be solely dependent on a single technology or platform. There are many technologies that exist and are being utilised currently in different industry sectors within the global supply chain network. These technologies are rigid and not adaptable to new standards and workflow, thus, causing compatibility, adaptability and interoperability issues to the global supply chain information network. As a consequence, under resourced organisations who do not have the capacity to invest in up-to-date technologies to conform with current global supply chain standards, often cause delays in communicating supply chain information, which cost millions of dollars to fix, resulting in the distortion of inventory demand known as the “bullwhip” effect. This thesis, discuss the design and development of virtualisation technologies that enable the capacity to develop Global Logistics Integration Framework (GLIF) that incorporates the integration of fixed, mobile and virtual devices with different supply chain systems so that they can be integrated seamlessly together. The GLIF enables mapping of sensors, location, item and packages known as Global Registers (GRs) in supply chain logistics. As data flows from each GR, it is monitored using different Event Binding Managers (EBMs) that interpret the interaction of each GR instance, then transfer the virtual events back into the physical network. The adaptability and the interoperability of GLIF enables development of a new automated check-out model that utilise an array of 3D point cloud cameras to detect users’ gestures and integrated with matching array of high-resolution 2D cameras to further assist with the object detection and validation. Unlike conventional mobile check-out interface, the proposed system does not require the user to interact with any handheld devices. The development of an end-to-end global logistics integration framework enables the data obtained from different data-capture devices, from different supply chain systems to be collaborated into a single framework. With the aid of virtualisation concept and cloud computing technology, the embedded services in GLIF can be modelled as cloud services so that it can be hosted independently, hence providing flexibility and scalability to the framework.
SPIROPENTANE (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSPIROPENTANEM. J. Murray and Eugene H. StevensonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1944, 66, 2, 314Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01230a515https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01230a515research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Scale space localization, blur, and contour-based image coding (1996)

We have recently proposed a scale-adaptive algorithm for reliable edge detection and blur estimation. The algorithm produces a contour code which consists of estimates of position, brightness, contrast and blur for each edge point in the image. Here we address two questions: 1. Can scale adaptation be used to achieve precise localization of blurred edges? 2. How much of the perceptual content of an image is carried by the 1-D contour code? We report an efficient algorithm for subpixel localization, and show that local scale control allows excellent precision even for highly blurred edges. We further show how local scale control can quantitatively account for human visual acuity of blurred edge stimuli. To address the question of perceptual content, we report an algorithm for inverting the contour code to reconstruct an estimate of the original image. While reconstruction based on edge brightness and contrast alone introduces significant artifact, restitution of the local blur signal is shown to produce perceptually accurate reconstructions.
Situation analysis for driver assistance systems at urban intersections (2012)

Intersections are one major accident location type. This paper presents a situation analysis that combines a driver intent prediction and probabilistic reachable sets to determine the criticality of a scene. The intent prediction algorithm is presented and its evaluation in a study in real world driving. It is explained how the reachable sets are calculated and the collision probability is defined. These approaches use detailed digital maps and a graph based environmental model to perceive these complex situations.
Cardiac CRFR1 Expression Is Elevated in Human Heart Failure and Modulated by Genetic Variation and Alternative Splicing (2016)

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and the CRF-related peptides, urocortin (Ucn)-1, Ucn2, and Ucn3 signal through receptors CRFR1 and CRFR2 to restore homeostasis in response to stress. The Ucns exert potent cardioprotective effects and may have clinical utility in heart failure. To explore the activity of this system in the heart, we measured the levels of myocardial gene expression of the CRF/Ucn family of ligands/receptors and investigated genetic variation and alternative splicing of CRFR1 in 110 heart failure patients and 108 heart donors. Using quantitative real-time PCR, we detected CRFR1, CRFR2, CRF, Ucn1, Ucn2, and Ucn3 in all samples. CRFR2α was the most abundant receptor and Ucn3 the most abundant ligand, both in patients and donors. Compared with donors, cardiac expression of CRFR1, CRF, and Ucn3 was higher (P < .001) and CRFR2α lower (P = .012) in patients. In patients and donors, genetic variation within CRFR1, represented by the chromosome 17q21.31 inversion polymorphism, was associated with markedly higher CRFR1 expression (P < .001), making CRFR1 and CRFR2α expression almost equivalent in some patients. A novel, truncated splice variant of CRFR1, designated CRFR1j, was identified and shown to exert a dominant-negative effect on CRFR1 signaling in vitro. The novel variant was expressed in a greater proportion of patients (60%) than donors (3%, P < .001). In summary, cardiac expression of CRFR1, CRF, and Ucn3 genes is elevated in heart failure and may contribute to the activation of the CRF/Ucn system in these patients. A common variant within the CRFR1 gene and a novel CRFR1 splice variant may modulate CRFR1 expression and signaling.
Recommended engineering practice to enhance the EMI/EMP immunity of electric power systems (1992)

Many papers and reports have been written on studies conducted by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and investigations by others on the effect of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMP) on electric power systems. More than 100 of the published unclassified documents were reviewed with the objectives of: 1. summarizing the mitigation methods suggested in the documents and providing a subjective evaluation of each 2. discussing various standards . that presently apply to the effects of HEMP on utility systems and suggesting additions or modifications or new standards where deficiencies appear to exist; and 3. recommending future studies or actions to improve the utility response to HEMP. While all three components of HEMP were mentioned, only the early-time short-duration E[sub 1] pulse and the late-time long-duration E[sub 3] pulse were considered in detail; the E[sub 2] intermediate component was not considered to affect the power system significantly.
Direct detection from clinical sputum samples to differentiate live and dead <i>Mycobacterium Tuberculosis</i> (2018)

we develop an acceptable method to directly identify the live bacteria from sputum samples. Our data demonstrate that the dark incubation plays a crucial role in the efficacy of PMA treatment for MTB.
Performance of Hydraulic Lash Adjusters with Regard to Valve Train Noise at Cold Starts and Short Term Start (1990)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The Hydraulic Valve Lash Compensation is a well known option to reduce the noise emission of a passenger car engine, especially at low engine speeds. Furthermore, the use of Hydraulic Valve Lash Adjusters reduces the costs of engine assembly and maintenance, and has thermodynamical advantages.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Under some engine operating conditions the function of Hydraulic Valve Lash Adjusting Elements can be problematic, which, however, can be covered by an improved element design. For instance, a low oil temperature level at engine start-up can lead to the entrance of air into the high pressure chamber, which will cause tappet noise.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A number of short term engine runs, each of which, followed by a short engine stand still time, can produce tappet noise as well.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The “INA Labyrinth Design” improves the potential of the hydraulic element against tappet noise without a significant increase in cost. The main feature of this design is an improved internal flow direction.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper explains the effects of the improved hydraulic element design on valve train noise at engine cold start and frequent engine start-stops, based on theoretical derivations, and supported by experimental data.</div>
Experimental Investigations of Transition Development in Attached Boundary Layers and Laminar Separation Bubbles (1997)

SummaryHot-wire measurements of transitional boundary layer quantities were performed in the Laminar Windtunnel of the IAG under „natural“ conditions on a 2-d airfoil section at a Reynolds number of Re=1.2*106. The measured amplification of Tollmien-Schlichting waves is compared to linear stability theory. A careful experimental setup allows the measurement of very small velocity fluctuations resulting in a large measurable amplitude ratio of Amax/Amin≅1800. The determined „onset“ of transition is compared to the transition prediction with en-methods. Some remarks are made on the accuracy of simplified envelope-methods.
Activation of the Uncoupling Protein by Fatty Acids is Modulated by Mutations in the C‐Terminal Region of the Protein (1996)

The transport properties of the uncoupling protein (UCP) from brown adipose tissue have been studied in mutants where Cys304 has been replaced by either Gly, Ala, Ser, Thr, Ile or Trp. This position is only two residues away from the C-terminus of the protein, a region that faces the cytosolic side of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Mutant proteins have been expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and their activity determined in situ by comparing yeast growth rates in the presence and absence of 2-bromopalmitate. Their bioenergetic properties have been studied in isolated mitochondria by determining the effects of fatty acids and nucleotides on the proton permeability and NADH oxidation rate. It is revealed that substitution of Cys304 by non-charged residues alters the response of UCP to fatty acids. The most effective substitution is Cys for Gly since it greatly enhances the sensitivity to palmitate, decreasing threefold the concentration required for half-maximal stimulation of respiration. The opposite extreme is the substitution by Ala which increases twofold the half-maximal concentration. We conclude that the C-terminal region participates in the fatty acid regulation of UCP activity. The observed correlation between yeast growth rates in the presence of bromopalmitate and the calculated activation constants for respiration in isolated mitochondria validates growth analysis as a method to screen the in situ activity of UCP mutants.
Chronic pain as a manifestation of potassium channel-complex autoimmunity (2012)

Chronic idiopathic pain is a syndromic manifestation of VGKC-complex autoimmunity. Hyperexcitability of nociceptive pathways is implicated. CASPR2-IgG significantly associates with pain, but in most patients the antigenic VGKC-complex molecule remains to be determined. VGKC-complex autoimmunity represents an important new direction for pain research and therapy.
Effects of smoked marijuana in experimentally induced asthma. (1975)

After experimental induction of acute bronchospasm in 8 subjects with clinically stable bronchial asthma, effects of 500 mg of smoked marijuana (2.0 per cent delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol) on specific airway conductance and thoracic gas volume were compared with those of 500 mg of smoked placebo marijuana (0.0 per cent delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol), 0.25 ml of aerosolized saline, and 0.25 ml of aerosolized isoproterenol (1,250 mug). Bronchospasm was induced on 4 separate occasions, by inhalation of methacholine and, on four other occasions, by exercise on a bicycle ergometer or treadmill. Methacholine and exercise caused average decreases in specific airway conductance of 40 to 55 per cent and 30 to 39 per cent, respectively, and average increases in thoracic gas volume of 35 to 43 per cent and 25 to 35 per cent, respectively. After methacholine-induced bronchospasm, placebo marijuana and saline inhalation produced minimal changes in specific airway conductance and thoracic gas volume, whereas 2.0 per cent marijuana and isoproterenol each caused a prompt correction of the bronchospasm and associated hyperinflation. After exercise-induced bronchospasm, placebo marijuana and saline were followed by gradual recovery during 30 to 60 min, whereas 2.0 per cent marijuana and isoproterenol caused an immediate reversal of exercise-induced asthma and hyperinflation.
Evanescent Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensor for Monitoring Volatile Organic Compounds in Water (1997)

The transport of trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and toluene in aqueous solutions through a polydimethylsiloxane film was modeled using a Fickian diffusion model to fit data obtained from an evanescent fiber-optic chemical sensor (EFOCS). The resultant diffusion coefficients for these analytes were respectively 3 × 10-7, 5 × 10-7, and 1 × 10-7 cm2/s. Inclusion of an interfacial conductance term, defined as the ratio of the mass transport coefficient across the polymer surface and the analyte diffusion coefficient in the polymer, was required to accurately model the data. It was determined that the interfacial conductance terms were generally of the same order of magnitude for the analytes examined, suggesting a constant transport mechanism for the analytes. Linear chemometric algorithms were used to model the EFOCS response to aqueous mixtures of the three analytes with individual analyte concentrations between 20 and 300 ppm. Both partial least-squares and principal component regression algorithms performed comparably on the calibration sets, with cross-validated root-mean-squared errors of prediction for trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and toluene of approximately 26, 29, and 22 ppm, respectively. The resultant prediction model was then used to determine analyte concentrations in an independent data set with comparable precision.
Novel Biodegradable Polymer/Bioactive Glass Composites for Tissue Engineering Applications (2002)

In order to enhance the bioactivity and the potential osteoconductivity of bioresorbable polymer scaffolds, bioactive glass becomes a candidate material to be used as a coating, effectively forming a polymer/glass composite structure. In this communication, an optimized processing technique for the fabrication of composite materials formed by biodegradable polymer meshes and Bioglass particles has been developed based on a slurry immersion procedure.
Amino acid sequence of an immunogenic corneal stromal protein. (1996)

These results suggest that CO-Ag is a new member of the Ca2+ -binding protein of the S-100 family heretofore undescribed in the cornea. Sequence data provide an important framework to search for sequence similarity with microbial proteins as possible substrates for molecular mimicry and for the identification of possible pathogenic epitopes in CO-Ag.
Interactions of dislocations in GaAs grown on Si substrates with InGaAs-GaAsP strained layered superlattices (1988)

InGaAs-GaAsP strained-layered superlattices have been used as a buffer layer to reduce the dislocation density in GaAs grown on Si substrates. These superlattices have been grown lattice matched to GaAs. Several interactions between the strain field of the strained layered superlattice [GaAs1−yPy-InxGa1−xAs (y=2x)] and the threading dislocations in GaAs/Si are observed. Mixed dislocations are strongly affected by the strain field of the superlattice, however, the interactions with the edge dislocations are less likely to occur. The stress field associated with the strained layered superlattice has a shear component that forces the 60° mixed dislocations to bend at the strained layered superlattice interfaces. Dislocations annihilation or repulsion are observed at the superlattice interfaces.
Phosphoketolase, a Neglected Enzyme of Microbial Carbohydrate Metabolism (2002)

Phosphoketolases are thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) dependent enzymes of the phosphoketolase (PK) pathway of heterofermentative and facultatively homofermentative lactic acid bacteria and of the fructose 6-phosphate shunt of bifidobacteria. PK activity was also measured in protein extracts of other microorganisms including yeasts. The dual substrate xylulose 5-phosphate/fructose 6-phosphate phosphoketolase (Xfp) from the 'probiotic' Bifidobacterium lactis was purified, and its encoding gene (xfp) was cloned and sequenced. Comparisons with public databases revealed an unexpectedly wide spread of more than 30 homologous xfp sequences in the kingdom of the bacteria, but not of the archaea. We assigned amino acid motifs typically found in PKs. Two of them (G-P-G-H-G and E-G-G-E-L-G-Y, respectively) discriminate PKs from transketolases, which have at least one ThDP binding site in common. On the basis of further comparative analyses we conclude that the PK prevalence among diverse organisms is due to longitudinal and not horizontal gene transmission.