gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell-permeable Foxp3 protein alleviates autoimmune disease associated with inflammatory bowel disease and allergic airway inflammation (2010)

Foxp3 is a key transcription factor for differentiation and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells that is critical for maintaining immunological self-tolerance. Therefore, increasing Treg function by Foxp3 transduction to regulate an inflammatory immune response is an important goal for the treatment of autoimmune and allergic diseases. Here we have generated a cell-permeable Foxp3 protein by fusion with the unique human HHph-1-PTD (protein transduction domain), examined its regulatory function in T cells, and characterized its therapeutic effect in autoimmune and allergic disease models. HHph-1-Foxp3 was rapidly and effectively transduced into cells within 30 min and conferred suppressor function to CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells as well as directly inhibiting T-cell activation and proliferation. Systemic delivery of HHph-1 Foxp3 remarkably inhibited the autoimmune symptoms of scurfy mice and the development of colitis induced by scurfy or wild-type CD4 T cells. Moreover, intranasal delivery of HHph-1-Foxp3 strongly suppressed ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation. These results demonstrate the clinical potential of the cell-permeable recombinant HHph-1-Foxp3 protein in autoimmune and hypersensitive allergic diseases.
Investigating the Relationship Between Time in Market and Pioneering Advantage (1994)

In field studies based on pre-test market and scanner data, researchers have found evidence of pioneering advantage in the form of an order-of-entry effect: a permanent share advantage that is greatest for the first brand to enter a market and smaller for each subsequently entering brand. Conceptually, an order-of-entry effect implies that the share advantage of a market pioneer over the second entrant is constant, regardless of the length the of time the pioneer is alone in the market or the length of time since the entry of the second brand. We argue that pioneering advantage is also related to a brand's length of time in the market: the longer the brand's time in market (during which time it can impact consumer learning and influence consumer perceptions and preferences), the greater its relative share advantage. We present a parsimonious model of this time-in-market effect and test of model using two data sources: cross-category data collected and analyzed by Urban et al. (1986) and regional roll-out data for a single product category.
Bases genéticas de milho e alterações no plano experimental (2005)

Resultados experimentais seguros exigem um plano experimental apropriado, obtido através da utilização de adequado tamanho e forma de parcelas, número de repetições e de amostras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes bases genéticas de milho, híbrido simples (DAS 9560), duplo (AG 6018), triplo (AG 303) e variedade cultivada (Pampa), sobre a estimativa do tamanho de parcela experimental e do número de repetições. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e amostragem nas parcelas. As parcelas experimentais foram constituídas por oito fileiras com 12 metros de comprimento, formando 96 unidades básicas. O tamanho de parcela e o número de repetições foram estimados por meio dos métodos de Lessman & Atkins e de Hatheway. O tamanho ótimo de parcela variou entre 4,5 m² (híbrido simples) e 7,2 m² (híbrido duplo). A heterogeneidade do solo e a variabilidade genética influenciam no tamanho ótimo de parcela e número de repetições necessárias.
Ashes and Flowers: some Hindu approaches to death and dying (1998)

Abstract Contemporary interest in death and dying in the West has provoked reflection upon other cultural and religious traditions. Many writers assume that just as health and death are predominantly in the West the realm of the clinical so in India they are in the realm of the sacred. This article rejects this oversimplification and explores the complexity of Hindu approaches to death and dying through an examination of the varied attitudes, beliefs and practices of pilgrims, pilgrimage priests and renouncers in the sacred pilgrimage centres of Hardwar and Rishikesh. It argues that the resources offered by the culture for responding to death and dying are used creatively and contextually by many Hindus in ways that depend very much on their personal experience and individual narratives as well as the social pressures and traditions operating around them.
The Piezoelectric Biosensors: Principles and Applications, a Review (2016)

Piezoelectric materials have broad use in many technological applications and they are frequently embedded in electronic devices. In principle, the piezoelectric materials work as oscillators on piezoelectric effect principle and interaction with their surface is easily detectable hence they are well suitable for construction of biosensors recognizing affinity interactions. Assays based on reaction between antigen and antibody, two polynucleotide strains, aptamer and protein are well suited for such studies. The current review is focused on explaining of the piezoelectric biosensors function, data about available materials and examples of analytical applications. Survey of actual literature is provided here.
Multiplexed targeted mass spectrometry assays for prostate cancer-associated urinary proteins (2017)

Biomarkers for effective early diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer are still lacking. Multiplexed assays for cancer-associated proteins could be useful for identifying biomarkers for cancer detection and stratification. Herein, we report the development of sensitive targeted mass spectrometry assays for simultaneous quantification of 10 prostate cancer-associated proteins in urine. The diagnostic utility of these markers was evaluated with an initial cohort of 20 clinical urine samples. Individual marker concentration was normalized against the measured urinary prostate-specific antigen level as a reference of prostate-specific secretion. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves for the 10 proteins ranged from 0.75 for CXL14 to 0.87 for CEAM5. Furthermore, MMP9 level was found to be significantly higher in patients with high Gleason scores, suggesting a potential of MMP9 as a marker for risk level assessment. Taken together, our work illustrated the feasibility of accurate multiplexed measurements of low-abundance cancer-associated proteins in urine and provided a viable path forward for preclinical verification of candidate biomarkers for prostate cancer.
Cattle enterotoxaemia and <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> : description, diagnosis and prophylaxis (2010)

Cattle enterotoxaemia is one of numerous pathologies caused by Clostridium perfringens. These anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria are naturally present in the intestinal flora of mammals, but their uncontrolled multiplication under certain conditions results in the overproduction of toxins in the intestinal tract. Major clinical signs are induced by the systemic spread of these toxins in the blood and tissues. Enterotoxaemia may be acute or peracute, and sudden death is often reported in rapidly growing, apparently healthy cattle. Enterotoxaemia can be prevented only with better understanding of its risk factors and pathogenesis. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of knowledge concerning the aetiology of the syndrome, its epidemiological context, pathogenesis, clinical signs and lesions, the diagnostic procedures and prophylactic tools, with specific attention to field aspects that are directly relevant to practitioners and clinical researchers.
ACG Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Neoplastic Pancreatic Cysts (2007)

The diagnosis and management of pancreatic cystic lesions is a common problem. At least 1% of hospitalized patients at major medical centers will have a pancreatic cystic lesion on cross sectional imaging. Up to a quarter of all pancreata examined in an autopsy series contained a pancreatic cyst, 16% of which were lined by an "atypical" epithelium and 3% of which had progressed to carcinoma-in-situ (high grade dysplasia). in the past, it was thought these cystic lesions were benign, but increasing evidence points to the cystic lesions as being the origin of some pancreatic malignancies. The most important clinical tools in the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cystic lesions are cross sectional imaging, endoscopic ultrasound, and cyst fluid analysis. The most important differential diagnosis is distinguishing mucinous (pre-malignant) and non-mucinous cystic lesions. The findings of a macrocystic lesion containing viscous fluid rich in CEA are supportive of a diagnosis of a mucinous lesion. Serous lesion are the most common non-mucinous cyst and are characterized by a microcystic morphology, non-viscous fluid and a low concentration of CEA in the cyst fluid. The following document includes a description of neoplastic pancreatic cysts, a critical review of relevant diagnostic tests, and a discussion of treatment options. We have proposed a set of guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with neoplastic pancreatic cysts. The guidelines are based on published data backed by an analysis of the quality of the data and are designed to address the most frequent and important clinical scenarios. In addition to providing a summary of the diagnostic data, we offer diagnostic and management suggestions based on 13 common clinical problems. Although the field is rapidly evolving, a set of core principles is provided based on a balance between the risk of malignancy and the benefit of pancreatic resection.
Assessing Energy, Environmental, and Economic Tradeoffs in Intermodal Freight Transportation (2008)

This paper presents an energy and environmental network analysis model to explore tradeoffs associated with freight transport. The geospatial model uses an intermodal network built by the authors to connect various modes (rail, road, water) via intermodal terminals. Routes along the network are characterized not only by temporal and distance attributes, but also by cost, energy, and emissions attributes (including emissions of carbon dioxide, particulate matter, sulfur oxides, volatile organic compounds, and oxides of nitrogen). Decision-makers can use the model to explore tradeoffs among alternative route selection across different modal combinations, and to identify optimal routes for objectives that feature energy and environmental parameters (e.g., minimize carbon dioxide emissions). The model is demonstrated with three case studies of freight transport along the U.S. eastern seaboard.
P (2009)

PLANCHÉ, James Robinson, of French descent, born in London Feb. 27, 1796; made Rouge Croix Pursuivant of Arms 1854, and Somerset Herald 1866; died in London, May 30, 1880. Mr. Planché's many dramas and extravaganzas do not call for notice in these pages; but he requires mention as the author of the librettos of ‘Maid Marian, or the Huntress of Harlingford, an Historical Opera,’ for Bishop (Covent Garden, Dec. 3, 1822), and ‘Oberon, or The Elf-King's Oath, a Romantic and Fairy Opera,’ for Weber (Covent Garden, April 12, 1826). In 1838 he also wrote for Messrs. Chappell a libretto founded on the Siege of Calais by Edward III., with a view to its being set by Mendelssohn. Mendelssohn however was not satisfied with the book, and it was ultimately transferred to Mr. Henry Smart, by whom a large portion was composed. The correspondence between Mendelssohn and Planché may be read in the Autobiography of the latter (1872; chap. 21).
Quantitative liver function tests define the functional severity of liver disease in early-stage cirrhosis (1997)

Some patients with early-stage cirrhosis preserve hepatic function, whereas others have little hepatic reserve and rapidly deteriorate. The aim of this study was to use quantitative tests of liver function (QLFTs) to define the degree of functional hepatic impairment in patients with early-stage cirrhosis (Child-Pugh score 5-7) and to determine whether the tests predicted subsequent hepatic decompensation. We recruited 10 cirrhotic (Cr) patients and 10 healthy controls (NI), who were well matched for race, age, weight, and gender. Clearances of caffeine (CF) and antipyrine (AP) after oral administration were measured from timed samples of saliva. The clearance of cholate (CA) was measured from serum samples obtained after simultaneous oral ([2,2,4,4-2H]CA) and intravenous ([24-13C]CA) administration. CA shunt was calculated as (Cl i.v./Clo x 100%). CF elimination rate (Cr v NI, mean +/- SD: 0.03 +/- 0.02 v 0.075 +/- 0.018 h-1, P < .0005) and AP clearance (24 +/- 16 v 40 +/- 7 mL/minute, P < .02) were reduced in Cr patients. CA shunt was increased in Cr patients (43 +/- 18 v 18 +/- 7%, P < .002). Five Cr patients decompensated during follow-up and had the worst CA shunts (76%, 66%, 51%, 48%, and 45%). Three subsequently received successful orthotopic liver transplantation, 1 died of hepatoma, and 1 is on the waiting list for transplantation. In conclusion, QLFTs define the degree of functional impairment in early cirrhosis and may identify Cr patients at greatest risk of decompensation who may require transplantation for survival.
Discovery of 2-[5-(4-Fluorophenylcarbamoyl)pyridin-2-ylsulfanylmethyl]phenylboronic Acid (SX-517): Noncompetitive Boronic Acid Antagonist of CXCR1 and CXCR2 (2014)

The G protein-coupled chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 play key roles in inflammatory diseases and carcinogenesis. In inflammation, they activate and recruit polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) through binding of the chemokines CXCL1 (CXCR1) and CXCL8 (CXCR1 and CXCR2). Structure-activity studies that examined the effect of a novel series of S-substituted 6-mercapto-N-phenyl-nicotinamides on CXCL1-stimulated Ca(2+) flux in whole human PMNs led to the discovery of 2-[5-(4-fluorophenylcarbamoyl)pyridin-2-ylsulfanylmethyl]phenylboronic acid (SX-517), a potent noncompetitive boronic acid CXCR1/2 antagonist. SX-517 inhibited CXCL1-induced Ca(2+) flux (IC50 = 38 nM) in human PMNs but had no effect on the Ca(2+) flux induced by C5a, fMLF, or PAF. In recombinant HEK293 cells that stably expressed CXCR2, SX-517 antagonized CXCL8-induced [(35)S]GTPγS binding (IC50 = 60 nM) and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Inhibition was noncompetitive, with SX-517 unable to compete the binding of [(125)I]-CXCL8 to CXCR2 membranes. SX-517 (0.2 mg/kg iv) significantly inhibited inflammation in an in vivo murine model. SX-517 is the first reported boronic acid chemokine antagonist and represents a novel pharmacophore for CXCR1/2 antagonism.
Fog Precipitated by Trees (1927)

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Selenium and Interleukins in Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (2000)

An important role for selenium in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease has been proposed. Decreased selenium levels, as found in persons with HIV infection or AIDS, are sensitive markers of disease progression. Selenium deficiency, an independent predictor of mortality in both HIV-1-infected adults and children, is an essential micronutrient that is associated with an improvement of T cell function and reduced apoptosis in animal models. In addition, adequate selenium may enhance resistance to infections through modulation of interleukin (IL) production and subsequently the Th1/Th2 response. Selenium supplementation up-regulates IL-2 and increases activation, proliferation, differentiation, and programmed cell death of T helper cells. Moreover, selenium supplementation may down-regulate the abnormally high levels of IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha observed in HIV disease, which has been associated with neurologic damage, Kaposi's sarcoma, wasting syndrome, and increased viral replication. Together, these findings suggest a new mechanism through which selenium may affect HIV-1 disease progression.
LA ‘REVUELTA’ COMO PERSPECTIVA TEÓRICA PARA LA CRÍTICA LITERARIA ACTUAL (2010)

Este artículo propone un diálogo entre el concepto de 'revuelta' de Kristeva y los conceptos de 'sujeto cultural' y "sujeto de deseo" de Cros, que permitirá entender las implicaciones de la experiencia social en la extructuración del espacio psíquico del escritor y viceversa. Con ello se buscará la comprensión de la literatura reciente y de la crþtica literaria en la configuración actual de la sociedad y de los Estudios Literarios. Estos dos conceptos permitirán acercarse ala noción de escritor como una figura que elabora en la literatura el malestar social, no conceptualizado y muchas veces banalizado, y ofrecen una interpretación desde la cual el lector puede experimentar su propia 'revuelta'
Biosynthetic and structural properties of endothelial cell type VIII collagen. (1983)

A highly unusual endothelial cell collagen (Sage, H., Pritzl, P., and Bornstein, P., (1980) Biochemistry 19, 5747-5755) has been characterized in greater detail. Pulse-chase experiments with bovine aortic endothelial cells revealed two nondisulfide-bonded collagens, of apparent chain Mr = 177,000 and 125,000, with an estimated synthesis and secretion time of 75 min. Stepwise, quantitative processing to stable lower molecular weight forms as described for type I procollagen was not observed. Endothelial collagen was secreted over a temperature range of 24-37 degrees C and, prior to heat denaturation, did not display affinity for a gelatin-binding fragment of fibronectin coupled to Sepharose. The presence of a pepsin-resistant domain (Mr = 50,000) in both the soluble and cell layer-associated forms of this protein was shown by ion exchange chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Endothelial collagen was cleaved by vertebrate collagenase into several discrete fragments that differed in molecular weight from the characteristic alpha A and alpha B fragments generated from the interstitial collagens. Nontriple helical domains corresponding to the NH2- and COOH-terminal propeptides of other procollagen types were not found after incubation of endothelial collagen with bacterial collagenase. Additional evidence for the lack of extended noncollagenous sequences was provided by studies with mast cell proteases, which convert native procollagen to collagen but are unreactive toward native interstitial collagens. Endothelial collagen was not cleaved by these enzymes at 37 degrees C, but, as observed for interstitial collagen alpha chains, required prior heating at elevated temperatures for cleavage to occur. In view of this unique set of structural characteristics, and a distribution that is not restricted to the endothelium, we have designated this protein as type VIII collagen.
Expression,purification and cell penetrativity of fusion protein PDT/GR-ΔLBD (2011)

Objective To construct the fusion gene expression vector of penetrating peptide(PDT) and the glucocorticoid receptor lack of ligand binding domain(GR-ΔLBD),and evaluate the prokaryotic expression,purification and cell penetrativity of fusion protein PDT/GR-ΔLBD.Methods The target gene fragment GR-ΔLBD was obtained from plasmid pEGFP-GR-ΔLBD by double digestion,and sub-cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-PDT to construct the fusion gene expression vector pGEX-PDT/GR-ΔLBD.PDT/GR-ΔLBD fusion protein was obtained after the expression vector was transformed into E.coli,followed by sequential induction with IPTG,treatment with glutathione-agarose resin and elution with glutathione.SDS-PAGE was performed to determine the expression of PDT/GR-ΔLBD fusion protein,and it which was diluted into a final concentration of 0,500 and 1000nmol/L,labeled with fluorescein FITC and co-cultivated with TC-1 cells for 2 hours,and the penetrativity was observed by fluorescence microscopy.Results The successfully constructed prokaryotic expression vector pPDT/GR-ΔLBD had the capacity of expressing protein,and it was 78.6kD in molecular weight,which was consistent with the theoretical value(80kD) of the fusion protein PDT/GR-ΔLBD.PDT-GR-ΔLBD,penetrating the nuclear membrane in a concentration-dependent manner,was concentrated within nuclei.Conclusion PDT/GR-ΔLBD fusion protein,with good solubility and cell penetrativity,paves the way for further research on its anti-inflammatory effects.
A combined 4-bit quadrature digital to analog converter/mixer for millimeter-wave applications (2009)

A differential digital to 60 GHz quadrature mixer on a 65 nm SOI CMOS process from STMicroelectronics has been designed. Two 5 GS/s 4-bit quadrature base band signals are fully decoded and fed into an unary-weighted current DAC. The DAC output is fed to two RF Gilbert cell mixers driven by an off-chip 60 GHz LO signal. The simulated P1dB output power is -22.5 dBm for an LO power of -2 dBm at 60 GHz for a 6 mA current consumption at 1.2 V. The chip size is 1.54 × 2.6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Nanoporous Au: An Unsupported Pure Gold Catalyst? (2009)

The unique properties of gold especially in low temperature CO oxidation have been ascribed to a combination of various effects. In particular, particle sizes below a few nanometers and specific particle−support interactions have been shown to play important roles. In contrast, recent reports revealed that monolithic nanoporous gold (npAu) prepared by leaching a less noble metal, such as Ag, out of the corresponding alloy can also exhibit a remarkably high catalytic activity for CO oxidation, even though no support is present. Therefore, it was claimed to be a pure and unsupported gold catalyst. We investigated npAu with respect to its morphology, surface composition, and catalytic properties. In particular, we studied the reaction kinetics for low temperature CO oxidation in detail, taking the mass transport limitation due to the porous structure of the material into account. Our results reveal that Ag, even if removed almost completely from the bulk, segregates to the surface, resulting in surface concentrations of up to 10 atom %. Our data suggest that this Ag plays a significant role in activating of molecular oxygen. Therefore, npAu should be considered a bimetallic catalyst rather than a pure Au catalyst.
A213 A Study on the Effect of Angled Pin Fins on Endwall Heat Transfer(Gas Turbine-7) (2009)

Endwall heat transfer characteristics of inclined pin-fin array channels have been investigated to improve the cooling efficiency of gas turbine's combustor liners. The time-mean local Nusselt number profiles were obtained by naphthalene sublimation technique based on the heat/mass transfer analogy. Three kinds of angled pin-fins (-45, 0 and +45 degrees) were tested and compared with each other. As a result, the average heat transfer coefficient on the endwall of normal pin fins was higher than that of the angled pin fins. However, the total amount of heat transfer is expected to be increased by inclined pin fins because the total surface area is about 1.4 times larger than that of normal pin fins, and the pressure loss in angled pin-fin channel was smaller than in the normal pin-fin channel.