gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue distribution and differential expression of melanocortin 1 receptor, a malignant melanoma marker (2002)

The melanocortin 1 receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor, described to be expressed on melanomas and melanocytes. Subsequent RT-PCR studies demonstrated the presence of melanocortin 1 receptor mRNA in other tissues such as pituitary gland and testis. Previously, we have demonstrated that three HLA-A2 binding nonamer peptides derived from melanocortin 1 receptor can elicit peptide-specific CTL which can recognize target cells transfected with the melanocortin 1 receptor gene and MHC class I matched melanoma lines. The potential of targeting melanocortin 1 receptor in therapy and diagnosis will depend on a preferential expression of this receptor in the majority of primary and metastatic melanomas vs normal tissues. We tested a panel of melanomas, carcinomas and other cell lines for the presence of melanocortin 1 receptor, using two monoclonal antibodies. The receptor was detected in 83% of the tested melanoma cell lines but not in other carcinoma lines. Immunohistochemistry revealed a strong expression of melanocortin 1 receptor in all tested primary and metastatic melanomas, but also demonstrated low levels of expression in adrenal medulla, cerebellum, liver and keratinocytes. Flow cytometry studies showed that melanocortin 1 receptor was expressed in in vitro activated monocytes/macrophages and in the THP-1 monocytic leukaemia line at levels of about 1 in 3 to 1 in 5 of that found in melanomas. Peripheral blood-derived dendritic cells, also express melanocortin 1 receptor in vitro. This extensive analysis of melanocortin 1 receptor tissue distribution may be of relevance not only for melanoma immunology, but also for research on the pathogenicity of inflammatory conditions in the skin and neurologic tissues. It remains to be seen if the over-expression of melanocortin 1 receptor in melanomas is sufficiently high to allow a 'therapeutic window' to be exploited in cancer immunotherapy.
IMPROVING CORE BOND STRENGTH OF PARTICLEBOARD THROUGH PARTICLE SIZE REDISTRIBUTION (2008)

Novel particleboard furnish mixtures were formulated to improve the core-bonding and screw-holding of industrial particleboard without increasing resin content or board density. Single-layer (uniform vertical density with core furnish only) and conventional 3-layer particleboards were manufactured at two density levels from four novel mixes plus control (unscreened industrial core furnish). Board mean and core density, internal bond strength, edge screw withdrawal resistance, and moduli of rupture and elasticity were measured. The core of commercial furniture-grade particleboard appears to contain too many fine particulates and insufficient coarser particles. Uniform density profile single-layer boards containing novel mixes with higher-coarse (>2 mm) and lower-fines (
When It Bubbles Over Excessive foam is a symptom of unstable digester conditions (2006)

Readmissions to the pediatric cardiac ICU occurred in 60.0% of pediatric patients on durable ventricular assist devices with the first readmission occurring within a month of discharge from the index pediatric cardiac ICU stay. While readmission was not associated with mortality, lack of discharge from index pediatric cardiac ICU stay was likely due to a worse pre-implant clinical status.
Mechaisms of Photochemical Reactions in Solution. XXVIII.<sup>1</sup> Values of Triplet Excitation energies of Selected Sensitizers (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechaisms of Photochemical Reactions in Solution. XXVIII.1 Values of Triplet Excitation energies of Selected SensitizersWilliam G. Herkstroeter, Angelo A. Lamola, and George S. HammondCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 21, 4537–4540Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01075a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01075a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1423Altmetric-Citations219LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Unusual synergy effect on methane hydrate inhibition when ionic liquid meets polymer (2013)

We report the concept of combining ionic liquids (ILs) with polymer inhibitors to more effectively inhibit methane hydrate formation. The new inhibitors extended the induction time and decreased the growth rate of the hydrate. It was found that the presence of a hydroxyl group on IL provided the most powerful inhibition effect by forming hydrogen bonds between IL and water molecules.
Factors Affecting Conformation in Proline-Containing Peptides (2003)

[reaction: see text] NMR was used to study the thermodynamics of the cis --> trans isomerization for prolyl amide bonds in the compounds shown. The magnitude of K(t/c) for C-terminal esters is greater than for the corresponding amides, signifying stronger backbone stereoelectronic effects in esters. Increasing the steric bulk of the N-terminal residue from Ac- to Ac-Gly- favors the trans conformation. Incorporation of a Phe residue N-terminal to Pro, however, shifts the equilibrium in favor of the cis conformation, via a stabilizing aromatic-proline interaction.
Triazine-Based Polyfluorinated Triquaternary Liquid Salts:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Application as Solvents in Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of 1-Octene (2004)

Silylation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)imidazole, HOCH2CH2Im (1), with hexamethyldisilazane gave N-(2-trimethylsilyloxyethyl)imidazole, Me3SiOCH2CH2Im (2), which underwent quaternization reactions with the alkyl halides and gave three new N-(trimethylsilyloxyethyl) imidazolium halides, Me3SiOCH2CH2Im+RX-, where Im+ = imidazolium and R/X = Me/I (3), CH2CH2F/Br (4), and CH2CH2CF3/I (5). The ethyl ether, 6, formed from 1 and ethyl bromide was quaternized with CF3CH2CH2I to obtain 7, followed by anion exchange with LiN(SO2CF3)2 to obtain 8. The metathesis reactions of 3−5 with cyanuric fluoride in acetonitrile at 25 °C gave tris[2-(N‘-alkylimidazolium)ethoxy] triazine trihalides, N3C3(OCH2CH2Im+RX-)3, where R/X = Me/I (9), CH2CH2F/Br (10), and CH2CH2CF3/I (11). Two neutral trimeric compounds, N3C3(OCH2CH2Im)3 (12) and N3C3(OCH2CH2NMe2)3 (14), were prepared from reactions of cyanuric fluoride and Me3SiOCH2CH2NMe2 (13), or 2, respectively. The quaternization of 12 with MeI gave tris[oxoethyl(trimethyl)ammonium]triazine, N3C3(OCH2CH2N+Me3I-)3 (14). Subsequent exchange of the halides in 9−11 and 15 with the weakly coordinating anions of AgOSO2CF3, LiN(SO2CF3)2, AgNO3, or AgClO4 resulted in new triquaternary salts, 16−23, that were characterized by NMR, elemental analyses, and, for some of the compounds, mass spectroscopy. Physical (melting point and density) and thermal properties of 9−23 determined with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) are reported. In Rh(I)-catalyzed hydroformylation of 1-octene, with Ph2P(NMPBTA) (26) [NMPBTA = N-methylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide] as ligand, the turnover frequency (TOF), conversion, isomer selectivity (n/i), and recyclability were compared when triquaternary salts 17 and 20 or monoquaternary 8 were used as solvents in the biphasic hydroformylation process. A change of 26/Rh(I) ratio from 4 to 20 resulted in a significant increase of n/i selectivity with 17 or 20, but was marginal with 8 as solvent.
Bis heterocycles as potential chemotherapeutic agents. <b>X</b>. Synthesis of bis(4‐arylthiosemicarbazido)‐, bis(2‐arylamino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐5‐yl) and bis(4‐aryl‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐thione‐5‐yl)pentanes and related compounds (1990)

Abstract Synthesis of several bis(4‐arylthiosemicarbazido‐ 1 , bis(2‐arylamino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐5‐yl)‐ 5 and bis(4‐aryl‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐thione‐5‐yl)‐ 2 pentanes is described. Sulphides 3 and sulphones 4 are also prepared from 2 by alkylation and subsequent oxidation with hydrogen peroxide respectively.
Effect of compound strategies of error correcting coding, bit interleaving, and diversity combining in mobile radio data transmission (1985)

Abstract The improvements on bit error rate characteristics due to compounding an error correcting coding, a bit interleaving, and a diversity combining as reliability improvement measures, are evaluated theoretically for mobile radio data transmission affected by the time‐varying fast Rayleigh fading. Although the code, modulation, and decoding are limited to the block code, noncoherent FSK, and hard decision, the time correlation of the fading in a code word is taken into account generally and rigorously in this analysis. On the basis of the calculation results for nine codes, the effect of compound strategies by the degree of bit interleaving, “with or without” diversity, code length, and number of correctable errors, are discussed in detail, and the equivalence among the strategies and the compounding effect is clarified.
Linking visual response properties in the superior colliculus to saccade behavior (2012)

Here we examined the influence of the visual response in the superior colliculus (SC) (an oculomotor control structure integrating sensory, motor and cognitive signals) on the development of the motor command that drives saccadic eye movements in monkeys. We varied stimulus luminance to alter the timing and magnitude of visual responses in the SC and examined how these changes correlated with resulting saccade behavior. Increasing target luminance resulted in multiple modulations of the visual response, including increased magnitude and decreased response onset latency. These signal modulations correlated strongly with changes in saccade latency and metrics, indicating that these signal properties carry through to the neural computations that determine when, where and how fast the eyes will move. Thus, components of the earliest part of the visual response in the SC provide important building blocks for the neural basis of the sensory-motor transformation, highlighting a critical link between the properties of the visual response and saccade behavior.
Taking Silicon to the Limit: Challenges and Opportunities (2005)

Silicon-based CMOS transistors can be scaled well into the sub-10 nm regime. However, new materials and processes, in conjunction with advanced transistor structures, will be needed for nanometer-scale MOSFETs to meet performance specifications in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). This paper discusses challenges for achieving target performance metrics at the end of the Roadmap, and approaches to overcoming them.
Measurements and Error Sources in Time Transfer Using Asynchronous Fiber Network (2009)

We have performed time transfer experiments based on passive listening in fiber optical networks using Packet over synchronous optical networking (SONET)/synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH). The experiments have been performed with different complexity and over different distances. For assessment of the results, we have used a GPS link based on carrier-phase observations. On a 560-km link, precision that is relative to the GPS link of <; 1 ns has been obtained over several months. In this paper, we describe and quantify the different error sources influencing the fiber time transfer measurements. We show that the temperature dependence of the optical fiber is the major contribution to the error budget, and, thus, reducing this effect should be the best way of improving the results.
Design and Implementation of an J2EE-based Platform for JAVA Language Learning (2008)

A design model and implementation method of an J2EE-based system for Java Language Learning is proposed,which uses J2EE platform.We designed the key function module in the client and server by using UML Language.More powerful logic error-check functions were provided in the system,adopting J2EE multi-thread,technology and synchronous control theory.Object-oriented design method and J2EE reflection technology were used to solve the problem of test-case scheduling,which made the system extensible and robust.
Marx and Morgan (1984)

Marx held that human society prior to the dawning of civilization represented a kind of communism, and this belief is widely thought to lend a rather tidy cyclical form to the pattern of history envisioned by historical materialism. This primitive -marked, as is communism proper, by the absence of socioeconomic classes -is the exception, noted by Engels, to the Communist Manifesto's claim that the history of all hitherto existing society has been the history of class struggle.1 On the other hand, Marx and Engels thought that early society offered no exception to their materialist conception of history; indeed, they held that scientific studies of society only corroborated their theory. Although Marx interpreted pre-history as conforming to his overall theory of historical development, he never elaborated fully his picture of primordial communism. Toward the end of his career, however, he became engrossed in historical anthropology. In the last years of his life, Marx buried himself in ethnological investigations. He was particularly enthusiastic about the work of the American anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan, wrote ninety-six pages of manuscript notes on the latter's Ancient Society2 and, according to Engels, intended to present to the German public Morgan's results along with some conclusions from his own investigations.3 A year after Marx's death, Engels wrote The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State-subtitled In the Light of the Researches of Lewis H. ostensibly to fulfill this bequeathed project, drawing not only on Ancient Society but also on Marx's extracts and notes. Engels too, evinced nothing but the highest regard for Morgan's book. Describing it as one of the few epoch-making works of our time, he wrote that Morgan rediscovered in America, in his own way, the materialist conception of history that had been discovered by Marx forty years ago, and in his comparison of barbarism and civilisation was led by this conception to the same conclusions, in the main points, as Marx had arrived at.4
Nucleosides and Nucleotides. 135. DNA Duplex and Triplex formation and Resistance to Nucleolytic Degradation of Oligodeoxynucleotides Containing syn-Norspermidine at the 5-Position of 2'-Deoxyuridine (1995)

A novel 2'-deoxyuridine analogue with syn-norspermidine at the 5-position, 5-[4-[N,N-bis(3-amino-propyl)amino]butyl]-2'-deoxyuridine (1), has been synthesized from 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. This nucleoside 1 was incorporated into heptadecadeoxynucleotides 5'-d[1(MT)8]-3' and 5'-[(TM)(4)1(MT)4]-3'(M = 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine). The triamine group stabilized duplex and triplex formation of the heptadecadeoxynucleotides with a complementary strand and a target duplex, respectively. The oligonucleotides containing 1 were more resistant to nuclease P1 and snake venom phosphodiesterase than an unmodified heptadecadeoxynucleotide, 5'-d[T(MT)8]-3'.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on the Relative Stability of the PdS<sub>2</sub>- and Pyrite-Type Structures of PdSe<sub>2</sub> (2004)

Under ambient condition PdSe2 has the PdS2-type structure. The crystal structure of PdSe2 under pressure (up to 30 GPa) was investigated at room temperature by X-ray diffraction in an energy-dispersive configuration using a diamond anvil cell with a mixture of water/ethanol/methanol as a pressure transmitting medium. A reversible structural transition from the PdS2-type to the pyrite-type structure occurs around 10 GPa, and the applied pressure reduces the spacing between adjacent 2/proportional to [PdSe2] layers of the PdS2-type structure to form the three-dimensional lattice of the pyrite-type structure. First principles and extended Hückel electronic band structure calculations were carried out to confirm the observed pressure-induced structural changes. We also examined why the isoelectronic analogues NiSe2 and PtSe2 adopt structures different from the PdS2-type structure on the basis of qualitative electronic structure considerations.
Public-Key-Infrastructure Based on a Peer-to-Peer Network (2005)

The goal of a Public-Key-Infrastructure (PKI) is to prove whether a cryptographic public key is authentic for a certain user. This information is crucial for the reliability of asymmetric cryptographic methods. A widespread PKI has to handle an enormous number of queries for cryptographic certificates which attest the authenticity of public keys. For certain use cases a decentralized organization of the PKI is advantageously. Therefore the author developed a specialized Peer-to-Peer-PKI realizing efficient search and transfer of certificates and trust-recommendations. It is based on a combination of a logic calculus model for PKIs and a scalable Peer-to-Peer lookup protocol. This distributed approach offers advantages in comparison to hierarchical or centralized systems in terms of fault resistance, load distribution, self administration and independence of an operating organization.
An effective method to calculate permeability based on Stoneley waves (2013)

An algorithm of extracting formation permeability from array waveform data is specially designed for multipole array acoustic logging tool (MPAL). Purely transmitted Stoneley waves are obtained after digital filtering and waveform truncation. The corresponding amplitude curves of Stoneley waves are acquired by carrying out a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). Weighted spectral semblance method is used to calculate the slowness dispersion curve of Stoneley waves, and attenuation dispersion curves are obtained by using the least square fitting method. Matrix equation based on the boundary conditions at the borehole wall is applied to calculate slowness dispersion curves of Stoneley waves of equivalent elastic formation. At the end, the simplified Biot-Rosenbaum model is used to inverse formation permeability. This method is attached to log evaluation and application desktop (LEAD) of CNPC to process the logging data of oilfields. Processing results demonstrate that this method is able to calculate formation permeability fast and effectively, and the permeability obtained this way has good consistency with that of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method.
Management of Network Slicing in 5G Radio Access Networks: Functional Framework and Information Models (2018)

Network slicing is one of the key features for 5G networks to be able to accommodate the anticipated diversity of applications and business actors in a resource-efficient manner. While significant progress has already been achieved at 3GPP specifications level with regard to the system architectural and functional aspects for the realisation of network slicing in 5G networks, management solutions for the exploitation of this feature in the Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) are still at a very incipient stage. In this context, this paper presents a framework for the management of network slicing in a NG-RAN infrastructure, identifying the functions, interfaces and information models that are necessary to enable the automation of the RAN slicing provisioning and management processes. Accordingly, a plausible information model intended to describe the manageable characteristics and behaviour of a RAN slice is developed and its applicability discussed in an illustrative neutral host provider scenario.
Tic, canvi organitzatiu i qualificació del treball. Una aproximació empírica a les fonts de la productivitat del treball de l'empresa catalana (2008)

Work is a fundamental driver of social and economic activity, so much so that the regulation and functioning of society and the economy are largely dependent upon how work is organized. The theory and evolution of organization (and the act of organizing) have set an important social science agenda. Moreover, organization theory and the definition of organized social life are intimately connected with human beings' perceptions of themselves and their environment. In this respect, organizational phenomena are currently considered to be at the core of the economic and social change experienced by the most advanced societies over the last two centuries (Perrow, 1998; Pfeffer, 2000). For precisely this reason, the primary objective of this research project is to analyse the organizational transformation of work in Catalonian companies and study the impact of this transformation, as well as that of the productive application of digital technologies and the changes thereby generated in the requirements and skills demanded of the work force, on work productivity, one dimension of corporate results. Though the analysis performed in this research project is restricted to labour efficiency, only one of the many dimensions used to measure an organization's results, this interest is justified by the empirical evidence of previous research conducted with companies in other countries on the relevance of organizational and technological change and workers' skills levels on work productivity levels in Catalonian companies.
Investigation of TiAlC by Atomic Layer Deposition as N Type Work Function Metal for FinFET (2015)

TiAlC film grown by thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique was investigated as N type work function metal for high-k dielectric/metal gate (HKMG) last FinFET integration, due to the excellent conformality and precise thickness control of ALD. The TiAlC film was deposited using titanium tetrachloride and trimethylaluminum. The physical characteristics of the TiAlC film such as chemical composition, growth rate, resistivity, surface roughness, and crystal morphology were investigated by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, X-ray reflectivity, four point probe method, atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The major content of the film is found to be TiAlC. The growth rate increases with the growth temperature while the resistivity and the surface roughness decrease with the growth temperature. The as deposited film shows no additional obvious crystalline peaks compared with the reference bare Si, which indicates the film is amorphous. The electrical characteristics of the TiAlC film were investigated by using metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors for capacitance-voltage measurement. The effective work function of the TiAlC film can be tuned from 4.49 eV to 4.79 eV using growth temperature, TMA dose and film thickness. It is found that the ALD TiAlC film is a promising gate metal candidate for HKMG last FinFET integration.