gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IPSec: Performance Analysis and Enhancements (2007)

Internet protocol security (IPSec) is a widely deployed mechanism for implementing Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). In previous work, we examined the overheads incurred by an IPSec server in a single client setting. In this paper, we extend that work by examining the scaling of a VPN server in a multiple client environment and by evaluating the effectiveness of connection credential caching. Motivated by the potential benefits of caching, we also propose a cryptographically secure cache resumption protocol for IPSec connections to reduce the connection establishment overheads.
Glucocorticoid Feedback Inhibition of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Secretagogue Release (1990)

Feedback inhibition of the adrenocortical axis by circulating glucocorticoids occurs at the pituitary and CNS sites. In the CNS, both hypothalamic and suprahypothalamic sites have been implicated as mediators of glucocorticoid feedback activity. In the present experiments, we have attempted to identify specific CNS regions mediating the feedback and to characterize which hypothalamic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretagogues are under glucocorticoid inhibitory control. Adrenalectomized rats were presented with a delayed feedback signal in the form of systemic infusion with corticosterone or dexamethasone. Hypophysialportal concentrations of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), arginine vasopressin (AVP), and oxytocin (OT) were determined before and during a hypotensive stressor in the face of varying levels of feedback. The rats were then killed, and the extent of total, type I, and type II corticosteroid receptor occupancy in hippocampus, hypothalamus, and amygdala was determined. The following observations were made: (1) increased hippocampal corticosteroid receptor occupancy was associated with suppressed adrenocorticotropic hormone secretagogue concentrations; (2) the major, significant predictor of initial (prehypotensive) concentrations of CRF, AVP, and OT was the extent of occupancy of hippocampal type II receptors, often in combination with occupancy of hippocampal type I or hypothalamic receptors; (3) secretion of CRF induced by hypotension was best predicted by hippocampal type I and type II receptor occupancy (stress-induced OT secretion was best predicted by hippocampal type II and hypothalamic receptor occupancy), and (4) the 'shape' of the hippocampal type II receptor occupancy versus initial AVP concentration curve suggested a nonlinear, threshold type of relationship, implying tight hippocampal regulation of AVP secretion.
Biological Control of <i>Phoma</i> and <i>Pythium</i> Damping‐Off of Sugar‐Beet with <i>Pythium oligandrum</i> (1987)

Abstract Flooding freshly harvested oospores in sterile distilled water (SDW) for several days enhanced germination in 3 out of 4 isolates of Phythium oligandrum. Treatment of SDW‐flooded oospores with myo‐inositol increased germinability during the first 20 days of storage at 15°C. Seed dressing with oospores of P. oligandrum controlled pre‐ and post‐emergence damping‐off of sugar‐beet caused by soil‐borne P. ultimum and seed‐borne Phoma betae. For some isolates, flooded oospores in SDW and treatment with myo‐inositol increased efficacy of the seed dressing. However, no significant control of damping‐off caused by Rhizoctonia solani was observed. On corn‐meal agar, P. oligandrum coiled around and penetrated hyphae of P. ultimum and R. solani , but did not interfere with Ph. betae.
Fair sampling across network flow measurements (2012)

Sampling is crucial for controlling resource consumption by internet traffic flow measurements. Routers use Packet Sampled NetFlow, and completed flow records are sampled in the measurement infrastructure. Recent research, motivated by the need of service providers to accurately measure both small and large traffic subpopulations, has focused on distributing a packet sampling budget amongst subpopulations. But long timescales of hardware development and lower bandwidth costs motivate post-measurement analysis of complete flow records at collectors instead. Sampling in collector databases then manages data volumes, yielding general purpose summaries that are rapidly queried to trigger drill-down analysis on a time limited window of full data. These are sufficiently small to be archived. This paper addresses the problem of distributing a sampling budget over subpopulations of flow records. Estimation accuracy goals are met by fairly sharing the budget. We establish a correspondence between the type of accuracy goal, and the flavor of fair sharing used. A streaming Max-Min Fair Sampling algorithm fairly shares the sampling budget across subpopulations, with sampling as a mechanism to deallocate budget. This provides timely samples and is robust against uncertainties in configuration and demand. We illustrate using flow records from an access router of a large ISP, where rates over interface traffic subpopulations vary over several orders of magnitude. We detail an implementation whose computational cost is no worse than subpopulation-oblivious sampling.
Design of a Magnetic Lead Screw for Wave Energy Conversion (2013)

This paper deals with the development of a magnetic lead screw (MLS) for wave energy conversion. Initially, a brief state of the art regarding linear permanent-magnet generators and MLSs is given, leading to an introduction of the MLS and a presentation of the results from a finite-element analysis used to find the magnetic forces. Furthermore, the force per magnet surface area measure is presented as a better alternative to the force density measure, which is often used for linear magnetic devices. Based on this, the overall design of a 500-kN MLS is presented focusing on the bearing supports used to compensate for the magnetic attraction forces and the resulting deflection of the rotor. In addition, in order to avoid some of the assembling-related disadvantages of using surface-mounted magnets, an embedded-magnet topology is proposed. To demonstrate the technology, a scaled 17-kN MLS is presented together with experimental results.
Simple pixel circuits for high resolution and high image quality organic light emitting diode‐on‐silicon microdisplays with wide data voltage range (2016)

Abstract Two simple pixel circuits are proposed for high resolution and high image quality organic light‐emitting diode‐on‐silicon microdisplays. The proposed pixel circuits achieve high resolution due to simple pixel structure comprising three n‐type MOSFETs and one storage capacitor, which are integrated into a unit subpixel area of 3 × 9 µm 2 using a 90 nm CMOS process. The proposed pixel circuits improve image quality by compensating for the threshold voltage variation of the driving transistors and extending the data voltage range. To verify the performance of the proposed pixel circuits, the emission currents of 24 pixel circuits are measured. The measured emission current deviation error of the proposed pixel circuits A and B ranges from −2.59% to +2.78%, and from −1.86% to +1.84%, respectively, which are improved from the emission current deviation error of the conventional current‐source type pixel circuit when the threshold voltage variation is not compensated for, which ranges from −14.87% to +14.67%. In addition, the data voltage ranges of the proposed pixel circuits A and B are 1.193 V and 1.792 V, respectively, which are 2.38 and 3.57 times wider than the data voltage range of the conventional current‐source type pixel circuit of 0.501 V.
A program for the FORWARD generation of synthetic routes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA program for the FORWARD generation of synthetic routesJames B. Hendrickson and Camden A. ParksCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1992, 32, 3, 209–215Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci00007a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ci00007a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of applying feulgen stain for DNA analysis on destained hematoxylin-eosin-stained cytologic smears. (2004)

This study demonstrated that image cytometric DNA analysis on previously routinely HE-stained cytologic preparations is feasible and reliable. This method permits retrospective studies on archival cytologic material from patients with long term follow-up data.
Saturated FFAs, Palmitic Acid and Stearic Acid, Induce Apoptosis in Human Granulosa Cells (2001)

Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and some reproductive abnormalities. Circulating FFAs are often elevated in obese subjects and are also closely linked to insulin resistance. In this study, we demonstrated that saturated FFAs, such as palmitic acid and stearic acid, markedly suppressed the granulosa cell survival in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Polyunsaturated FFA, arachidonic acid, had no effect on the cell survival, even at supraphysiological concentrations. The suppressive effect of saturated FFAs on cell survival was caused by apoptosis, as evidenced by DNA ladder formation and annexin V-EGFP/propidium iodide staining of the cells. The apoptotic effects of palmitic acid and stearic acid were unrelated to the increase of ceramide generation or nitric oxide production and were also completely blocked by Triacsin C, an inhibitor of acylcoenzyme A synthetase. In addition, acylcoenzyme A, pamitoylcoenzyme A, and stearylcoenzyme A markedly suppressed granulosa cell survival, whereas arachidonoylcoenzyme A had no such effect, and this finding was consistent with the effect of the respective FFA form. Surprisingly, arachidonic acid instead showed a protective effect on palmitic acid- and stearic acid-induced cell apoptosis. A Western blot analysis showed the apoptosis of the granulosa cells induced by palmitic acid to be accompanied by the down-regulation of an apoptosis inhibitor, Bcl-2, and the up-regulation of an apoptosis effector, Bax. These results indicate that saturated FFAs induce apoptosis in human granulosa cells caused by the metabolism of the respective acylcoenzyme A form, and the actual composition of circulating FFAs may thus play a critical role in the apoptotic events of human granulosa cells. These effects of FFAs on granulosa cell survival may be a possible mechanism for reproductive abnormalities, such as amenorrhea, which is frequently observed in obese women.
Network-Assisted Investigation of Combined Causal Signals from Genome-Wide Association Studies in Schizophrenia (2012)

With the recent success of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), a wealth of association data has been accomplished for more than 200 complex diseases/traits, proposing a strong demand for data integration and interpretation. A combinatory analysis of multiple GWAS datasets, or an integrative analysis of GWAS data and other high-throughput data, has been particularly promising. In this study, we proposed an integrative analysis framework of multiple GWAS datasets by overlaying association signals onto the protein-protein interaction network, and demonstrated it using schizophrenia datasets. Building on a dense module search algorithm, we first searched for significantly enriched subnetworks for schizophrenia in each single GWAS dataset and then implemented a discovery-evaluation strategy to identify module genes with consistent association signals. We validated the module genes in an independent dataset, and also examined them through meta-analysis of the related SNPs using multiple GWAS datasets. As a result, we identified 205 module genes with a joint effect significantly associated with schizophrenia; these module genes included a number of well-studied candidate genes such as DISC1, GNA12, GNA13, GNAI1, GPR17, and GRIN2B. Further functional analysis suggested these genes are involved in neuronal related processes. Additionally, meta-analysis found that 18 SNPs in 9 module genes had P(meta)<1 × 10⁻⁴, including the gene HLA-DQA1 located in the MHC region on chromosome 6, which was reported in previous studies using the largest cohort of schizophrenia patients to date. These results demonstrated our bi-directional network-based strategy is efficient for identifying disease-associated genes with modest signals in GWAS datasets. This approach can be applied to any other complex diseases/traits where multiple GWAS datasets are available.
Temperature and pH dependence of the catalytic activity of colloidal platinum nanoparticles stabilized by poly[(vinylamine)-co-(N-vinylisobutyramide) (2000)

Colloidal platinum nanoparticles in the size range of 5–35 Å have been successfully prepared in water at room temperature by NaBH4 reduction of ionic platinum in the presence of poly[(vinylamine)-co-(N-vinylisobutyramide)] (PVAm-co-PNVIBA). To our knowledge, the temperature- and pH-responsive copolymer was used for the first time as the stabilizer of colloidal metal particles. Three PVAm-co-PNVIBA copolymers with PVAm contents of 4.1, 8.3, and 19.8 mol-% were examined. The particle size and morphology of the platinum colloids varied with the copolymer composition, as confirmed by TEM measurements. The polymer-stabilized Pt nanoparticles precipitated on heating above their critical flocculation temperatures (CFTs), which were strongly dependent on the solution pH and the copolymer composition. The CFTs were 0.2–1.6°C lower than the lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of the copolymers free in water and the differences increased with increasing PVAm content. The catalytic activity of the Pt nanoparticles was investigated in the aqueous hydrogenation of allyl alcohol. It was found that the activity was regulated through temperature- and pH-induced phase separation. The PVAm content also strongly effected the catalytic activity and the morphology of phase separated catalysts. With a PVAm content of 4.1 mol-%, the colloidal platinum sol reversibly changed its catalytic activity with changes in temperature.
Universal manipulation of a single qubit (2001)

We find the optimal universal way of manipulating a single qubit, $|\ensuremath{\psi}(\ensuremath{\vartheta},\ensuremath{\varphi})〉,$ such that $(\ensuremath{\vartheta},\ensuremath{\varphi})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}(\ensuremath{\vartheta}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\alpha},\ensuremath{\varphi}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\beta}).$ Such optimal transformations fall into two classes. For $0<~\ensuremath{\alpha}<~\ensuremath{\pi}/2,$ the optimal map is the identity and the fidelity varies monotonically from 1 (for $\ensuremath{\alpha}=0)$ to $\frac{1}{2}$ (for $\ensuremath{\alpha}=\ensuremath{\pi}/2).$ For $\ensuremath{\pi}/2<~\ensuremath{\alpha}<~\ensuremath{\pi},$ the optimal map is the universal-NOT gate and the fidelity varies monotonically from $\frac{1}{2}$ (for $\ensuremath{\alpha}=\ensuremath{\pi}/2)$ to $\frac{2}{3}$ (for $\ensuremath{\alpha}=\ensuremath{\pi}).$ The fidelity $\frac{2}{3}$ is equal to the fidelity of measurement. It is therefore rather surprising that for some values of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ the fidelity is lower than $\frac{2}{3}.$ For instance, a universal square root of NOT operation is more difficult to approximate than the universal NOT gate itself.
Scapegoats: the killing of kings and ordinary people (2000)

This article uses the example of royal ritual to examine the idea that underlying structures can be abstracted from particular cultural settings. It is argued that African material on kingship and scapegoats can be used to elucidate South Asian material on pollution beliefs and caste.
Evaluation of anisotropy by shear-wave splitting (1985)

Abstract The polarizations of three-component shear wave-trains carry unique information about the internal structure of the rock through which they pass: specifically, commonly observed shear-wave splitting may contain information about the orientation of crack distributions. This information cannot usually be recovered from shear waves recorded at the free surface because of interference with the interaction of the shear wave with the surface, even for nearly vertical incidence. However, shear-wave splitting in synthetic three-component vertical seismic profiles, in some cases, may be interpreted directly in terms of the direction of strike of vertical cracks. Because the human eye is not skilled at identifying the phase relationships between three-component seismograms played out conventionally as parallel time-series, the polarizations are displayed in orthogonal sections of the particle displacements to facilitate recognition and evaluation of the shear-wave splitting. Estimating the orientations of cracks, and hence of preferred directions of flow, by seismic investigations could be of crucial importance to production and reservoir engineering.
Ultrathin, Single-Crystal WO<sub>3</sub> Nanosheets by Two-Dimensional Oriented Attachment toward Enhanced Photocatalystic Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> into Hydrocarbon Fuels under Visible Light (2012)

An ultrathin, single-crystal WO3 nanosheet of ∼4-5 nm in thickness, corresponding to six repeating unit cells of monoclinic WO3 along the c axis, was synthesized with laterally oriented attachment of tiny WO3 nanocrystals formed using a solid-liquid phase arc discharge route in an aqueous solution. Size-quantization effects in this ultrathin nanostructure alter the WO3 band gap to enable the nanosheet to exhibit enhanced performance for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 in the presence of water in hydrocarbon fuels that do not exist in its bulk form.
Thermooptical digital switch arrays in silica-on-silicon with defined zero-voltage state (1998)

Arrays of thermooptical digital switches for 1300 nm wavelength have been fabricated employing PECVD silica on silicon technology. The switches are based on mode sorting in asymmetric waveguide branches. An asymmetric layout of the waveguide branch/crossing leads to a defined zero-voltage state which is useful for protection switching in optical SDM-networks. The power consumption is reduced by heat flow optimization using silica and silicon microstructuring. The switch arrays are coupled to fiber ribbons.
TARGETING SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS AS ANTI-TUMOR AND ANTI-ANGIOGENIC THERAPY IN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009TARGETING SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS AS ANTI-TUMOR AND ANTI-ANGIOGENIC THERAPY IN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA Teresa Sanchez, Mei Hong Li, Anna Pappalardo, Tim Hla, and Fernando A Ferrer Teresa SanchezTeresa Sanchez More articles by this author , Mei Hong LiMei Hong Li More articles by this author , Anna PappalardoAnna Pappalardo More articles by this author , Tim HlaTim Hla More articles by this author , and Fernando A FerrerFernando A Ferrer More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)60448-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "TARGETING SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS AS ANTI-TUMOR AND ANTI-ANGIOGENIC THERAPY IN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 156 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 156 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Teresa Sanchez More articles by this author Mei Hong Li More articles by this author Anna Pappalardo More articles by this author Tim Hla More articles by this author Fernando A Ferrer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Wireless Local Danger Warning: Cooperative Foresighted Driving Using Intervehicle Communication (2009)

Vehicle collision mitigation, cooperative driving, and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and/or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication constitute a broad multidisciplinary research field that focuses on improving road safety. Statistics indicate that the primary cause of most road accidents is vehicles' excessive speed and delayed drivers reaction. Thus, road safety can be improved by early warning based on V2V communication. An innovative system called wireless local danger warning (WILLWARN), which is based on recent and future trends of cooperative driving, enables an electronic safety horizon for foresighted driving by implementing onboard vehicle-hazard detection and V2V communication. One of the key innovative features of the proposed system is the focus on low penetration levels in rural traffic by a new message-management strategy that is based on storing warning information in the vehicle and distributing warnings through communication, particularly with oncoming traffic. The system timely warns the driver about a dangerous situation ahead by decentralized distribution of warnings and incident messages via ad hoc intervehicle communication. The WILLWARN system is based on a modular object-oriented architecture consisting of the V2V communication module (VVC), the warning message-management module (WMM), the hazard-detection-management module (HDM), the hazard-warning-management module (HWM), a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, and various onboard sensors. In this paper, all system modules, as well as their interoperability, are presented in detail.
Live-cell microscopy – tips and tools (2009)

Imaging of living cells and tissue is now common in many fields of the life and physical sciences, and is instrumental in revealing a great deal about cellular dynamics and function. It is crucial when performing such experiments that cell viability is at the forefront of any measurement to ensure that the physiological and biological processes that are under investigation are not altered in any way. Many cells and tissues are not normally exposed to light during their life cycle, so it is important for microscopy applications to minimize light exposure, which can cause phototoxicity. To ensure minimal light exposure, it is crucial that microscope systems are optimized to collect as much light as possible. This can be achieved using superior-quality optical components and state-of-the-art detectors. This Commentary discusses how to set up a suitable environment on the microscope stage to maintain living cells. There is also a focus on general and imaging-platform-specific ways to optimize the efficiency of light throughput and detection. With an efficient optical microscope and a good detector, the light exposure can be minimized during live-cell imaging, thus minimizing phototoxicity and maintaining cell viability. Brief suggestions for useful microscope accessories as well as available fluorescence tools are also presented. Finally, a flow chart is provided to assist readers in choosing the appropriate imaging platform for their experimental systems.