gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Precision Information Environment (PIE) for emergency responders: Providing collaborative manipulation, role-tailored visualization, and integrated access to heterogeneous data (2013)

During a crisis, emergency responders must rapidly integrate information from many separate sources to satisfy their role-specific needs and to make time-sensitive decisions. Responders currently receive this information through numerous software applications and face the challenge of integrating this heterogeneous data into an all-encompassing picture. Individual responders with distinct roles, such as police, fire, and EMS, often have very different information needs, but existing tools do not provide individual tailoring of workspaces to support this need. As responders communicate using text, voice, or other multimodal collaboration systems, important details can also be lost or become stale over time. This paper describes our approach to developing a Precision Information Environment (PIE) that: (1) streamlines access to multiple information resources by fusing heterogeneous information for presentation through a single access point; (2) supports role-tailorable understanding of the unified data sources through a flexible workspace; and (3) supports collaboration between teams of local and distributed responders by providing a work environment that allows teams to share and manipulate dynamic data sources in real time. We also describe our initial results from a usability evaluation of the system with subject matter experts.
Social trust and social reciprocity based cooperative D2D communications (2013)

Thanks to the convergence of pervasive mobile communications and fast-growing online social networking, mobile social networking is penetrating into our everyday life. Aiming to develop a systematic understanding of the interplay between social structure and mobile communications, in this paper we exploit social ties in human social networks to enhance cooperative device-to-device communications. Specifically, as hand-held devices are carried by human beings, we leverage two key social phenomena, namely social trust and social reciprocity, to promote efficient cooperation among devices. With this insight, we develop a coalitional game theoretic framework to devise social-tie based cooperation strategies for device-to-device communications. We also develop a network assisted relay selection mechanism to implement the coalitional game solution, and show that the mechanism is immune to group deviations, individually rational, and truthful. We evaluate the performance of the mechanism by using real social data traces. Numerical results show that the proposed mechanism can achieve up-to 122% performance gain over the case without D2D cooperation.
Diffusion of Nonvolatile Metallic Elements in Graphite (1965)

The diffusion coefficients for Ag, Ni, U, Th, and Ra diffusing in various types of graphite have been determined as a function of temperature. Good precision is obtained in all cases and the corresponding activation energies are reported. These values, when comparison is possible, do not agree with values previously reported. An explanation is given for the lack of agreement based upon the relative insolubility of metals in graphite. Experimental evidence is presented which indicates that substitutional, pore, and interstitial diffusion are inoperative and that all mass transport proceeds solely via grain and subgrain boundaries. The activation energies and frequency factors are explained by a diffusion model involving widely spaced traps which are situated at imperfections.
Geometrically enhanced closed-loop multi-turn sensor devices that enable reliable magnetic domain wall motion (2017)

We experimentally realize a sophisticated structure geometry for reliable magnetic domain wall-based multi-turn-counting sensor devices, which we term closed-loop devices that can sense millions of turns. The concept relies on the reliable propagation of domain walls through a cross-shaped intersection of magnetic conduits, allowing for the intertwining of loops of the sensor device. As a key step to reach the necessary reliability of the operation, we develop a combination of tilted wires called the syphon structure at the entrances of the cross. We measure the control and reliability of the domain wall propagation individually for cross-shaped intersections, the syphon geometries, and finally combinations of the two for various field configurations (strengths and angles). The various measured syphon geometries yield a dependence of the domain wall propagation on the shape that we explain by the effectively acting transverse and longitudinal external applied magnetic fields. The combination of both elements yields a behaviour that cannot be explained by a simple superposition of the individual different maximum field operation values. We identify as an additional process the nucleation of domain walls in the cross, which then allows us to fully gauge the operational parameters. Finally, we demonstrate that by tuning the central dimensions of the cross and choosing the optimum angle for the syphon structure, reliable sensor operation is achieved, which paves the way for disruptive multi-turn sensor devices.
Speech production and perception of English /s-ʃ/ by Korean ESL learners (2010)

The present study deals with the issue of the perception-production relationship in second language (L2) acquisition by examining the acquisition of L2 English contrasts /s-∫/ in syllable initial position that is allophonic in Korean by Korean English as a second language (ESL) learners with different L2 experience. Korean inexperienced ESL learners could not distinctively produce the English sibilants /s-∫/ that they did perceive well. The mean production scores of Korean-experienced ESL learners were not as good as their perception scores, but their production abilities were improved, indicating that longer exposure to an English speaking environment enabled Korean ESL learners to improve their production ability. The results are comparable to the findings of Bohn and Flege (1990) that the relationship between perception and production changes with time or with L2 experience. As L2 learners gain experience in the L2, perception and production abilities develop for an L2 contrast that is allophonic in L1.
Quantitative proteomic analysis of lentiviral vectors using 2‐DE (2009)

Among the integrative gene therapy vectors developed to date, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-derived lentiviral vectors (LV) are distinguished by their capacity to infect both dividing and non-dividing cells. Recombinant LV particles contain viral proteins necessary for their packaging, infectious and integrating functions. Like the parental HIV-1 virus they are able to acquire various cellular proteins, but the number and localisation of these proteins are poorly characterised. In the present study we used 2-DE followed by MALDI-TOF to quantify the protein content of several types of vesicular stomatitis virus G-pseudotyped LV including those that were extensively purified in the perspective of clinical gene therapy studies. A proteinase K treatment was used to distinguish between cellular proteins incorporated into virions (I-proteins) and those co-purified with vectors (C-proteins). We found 10 C-proteins and 18 I-proteins associated with LV. Copy numbers for these core I-proteins varied from 5 (AIP-1/ALIX) to 280 (Cyclophilin A) per vector particle. Three novel I-proteins, guanine nucleotide-binding protein 2, L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain and hnRNP core protein A1, were found. This study defines for the first time, the protein stoichiometry of infectious HIV-1-derived LV particles.
The Effect of Expiration Dates and Perceived Risk on Purchasing Behavior in Grocery Store Perishable Categories (2005)

In this article, the authors examine consumers’ behavior with respect to expiration dates for grocery store perishable products. A better understanding of such behavior can both guide efforts to educate consumers about the risks associated with perishables that are approaching their expiration dates and help managers implement effective promotional strategies for these products throughout the course of their shelf lives. Both of these approaches can help reduce waste due to spoilage.
AIDAS: incremental logical structure discovery in PDF documents (2002)

AIDAS is part of a research project in which the aim is to turn technical manuals into a database of indexed training material. We describe the approach AIDAS uses to extract the logical document structure from PDF documents. The approach is based on the idea that the layout structure contains cues about the logical structure and that the logical structure can be discovered incrementally.
Composite Control of Nonlinear Robotic System With Exogenous Disturbance (2019)

This paper studies disturbance estimation and attenuation problem for a multi-input-multi-output nonlinear robotic system subject to the disturbance generated by an exogenous system. A composite control approach is proposed which consists of three parts. A backstepping controller is designed to achieve position tracking performance under the assumption that there is no disturbance. A nonlinear disturbance observer is constructed to estimate the exogenous disturbance. Finally, the composite control law is derived integrating with the nonlinear disturbance observer and the backstepping controller previously designed, so that both disturbance attenuation and position tracking performance are achieved simultaneously for a multi-input-multi-output nonlinear robotic system. Stability of the overall system is studied via a Lyapunov function analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by the experiments on the phantom omni robots.
On the testing of hazard activated open defects (2014)

Open defects in CMOS circuits can cause a gate output to go into a high impedance, or “floating” mode, for some input patterns. Since such defects display (large) delay fault behavior, they are commonly assumed to be covered during structural testing by scan based TDF timing tests. TDF tests are generally applied in the launch-on-capture (LOC) scan test mode to avoid “overtesting” the circuit timing from non-functional launch states; also many designs do not support a high speed scan enable to allow at-speed launch-on-shift (LOS) timing tests. Unfortunately, launching timing tests from functional states alone, or even LOC states (which are a superset of functional states), is not sufficient to screen all open defects capable of generating erroneous circuit outputs. CMOS circuits experience a large number of hazards during switching transitions, which result in many more transient logic levels at internal circuit nodes than those predicted by steady state analysis from functional states. Such hazards can activate open defects by precharging a faulty gate output to an incorrect value which is then locked in once the inputs stabilize with the gate output in a high impedance state due to the open. Consequently, many open defects that are commonly assumed to be functionally redundant based on steady state analysis, can in fact be activated in operation and cause circuit failure. These must be targeted during manufacturing tests. In this paper we present a deterministic methodology for targeting hazard activated open defects using not only LOC and LOS tests, but also a new DFT approach that further increases the available test launch states to achieve high coverage. We further show that virtually all of the remaining undetected opens are in fact truly redundant, and do not pose a threat even in the presence of hazards.
A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate would likely match all currently circulating variants (2020)

The magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic underscores the urgency for a safe and effective vaccine. Many vaccine candidates focus on the Spike protein, as it is targeted by neutralizing antibodies and plays a key role in viral entry. Here we investigate the diversity seen in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequences and compare it to the sequence on which most vaccine candidates are based. Using 18,514 sequences, we perform phylogenetic, population genetics, and structural bioinformatics analyses. We find limited diversity across SARS-CoV-2 genomes: Only 11 sites show polymorphisms in >5% of sequences; yet two mutations, including the D614G mutation in Spike, have already become consensus. Because SARS-CoV-2 is being transmitted more rapidly than it evolves, the viral population is becoming more homogeneous, with a median of seven nucleotide substitutions between genomes. There is evidence of purifying selection but little evidence of diversifying selection, with substitution rates comparable across structural versus nonstructural genes. Finally, the Wuhan-Hu-1 reference sequence for the Spike protein, which is the basis for different vaccine candidates, matches optimized vaccine inserts, being identical to an ancestral sequence and one mutation away from the consensus. While the rapid spread of the D614G mutation warrants further study, our results indicate that drift and bottleneck events can explain the minimal diversity found among SARS-CoV-2 sequences. These findings suggest that a single vaccine candidate should be efficacious against currently circulating lineages.
Easy attendance: location-based authentication for students integrated with moodle (2013)

Nowadays, the e-learning platforms have become intensively used. Most schools and universities use a register in order to keep track of pupils and students' activity. Nevertheless, the register is most of the time in a hard-copy version due to the fact that there is no simple method of keeping the attendance. We propose a location-based authentication method using NFC in order to determine the location and using a photo in order to ensure double authentication. The implementation version we have developed only requires authentication with the Moodle account, both from the teacher's side as well as the student's and a simple phone touch. All these will ensure the student is attending the class and the teacher made note of it in an easier manner.
TCP for high performance in hybrid fiber coaxial broad-band access networks (1998)

Motivated by the phenomenal growth of the Internet in recent years, a number of cable operators are in the process of upgrading their cable networks to offer data services to residential subscribers, providing them direct access to a variety of community content as well as to the Internet. Using cable modems that implement sophisticated modulation-demodulation circuitry, these services promise to offer a several hundredfold increase in access speeds to the home compared to conventional telephone modems. Initial experiences indicate that cable networks are susceptible to a variety of radio-frequency (RF) impairments that can result in significant packet loss during data communication. In the face of such losses, the transmission control protocol (TCP) that is predominantly used by data applications degrades dramatically in performance. Consequently, subscribers of broad-band data services may not perceive the projected hundredfold increase in performance. We analyze the performance of TCP under different network conditions using simulations and propose simple modifications that can offer up to threefold increase in performance in access networks that are prone to losses. These modifications require only minor changes to TCP implementations at the local network servers alone (and not at subscribers' PCs).
A Ka-Band Phase-Compensated Variable-Gain CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier (2019)

A variable-gain low-noise amplifier implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process for a beamforming front-end chip is presented, of which the phase remains constant during gain variations. The phase compensation characteristic is achieved by introducing a shunt PMOS and a parallel resistor at the differential outputs of common-gate (CG) transistors. This allows the gain to be controlled without phase variation by adjustment of the combined gate voltage of the CG transistor and the shunt PMOS at the same time. The proposed device shows a gain of 20.8 dB and a noise figure of 3.71 dB at 31 GHz. It shows a root-mean-square phase error of less than 3° over the gain control range of 10.6 dB at 30-34.5 GHz.
Expression of beta-defensin 1 and 2 in nasal epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages from HIV-infected patients. (2005)

HIV infection and CD 4 cell numbers in the blood do not influence beta-defensin 1 and 2 expressions in nasal epithelial cells. In alveolar macrophages, beta-defensin 1 expression is decreased in HIV-infected patients.
Micropinocytic ingestion of glycosylated albumin by isolated microvessels: possible role in pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy. (1981)

Microvessels isolated from rat epididymal fat exhibit differential vesicular ingestion rates for unmodified and non-enzymatically glycosylated rat albumin. While unmodified rat albumin is excluded from ingestion by endothelial micropinocytic vesicles, glycosylated albumin is avidly taken up by endocytosis. Interaction of albumin and glycosylated albumin with endothelium was studied with a double-label fluorescence assay of micropinocytosis. When glycosylated albumin was present at a concentration of 6% with respect to total albumin (the level found in "non diabetic" serum), only glycosylated albumin was ingested. At higher concentrations of glycosylated albumin (those found in diabetic serum), both albumin and glycosylated albumin are ingested. Glycosylation of endothelial membrane components results in stimulated ingestion of glycosylated albumin, persistent exclusion of unmodified albumin, and unaltered micropinocytic ingestion of native ferritin. These results indicate that nonenzymatic glycosylation of serum albumin may result in rapid vesicle-mediated extravasation of albumin. Chronic microvascular leakage of glycosylated albumin could contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy.
Semiconductor lasers using diffused quantum-well structures (1998)

We assess the relative merits and prospects of using diffused quantum-well (QW) structures in semiconductor lasers. First, different techniques to achieve interdiffusion are analyzed and compared. Second, recent development of semiconductor lasers using interdiffusion technique is also discussed. Third, the optical properties of diffused QWs are studied. In addition, novel design of diffused QWs structures to maintain stable single-mode operation in semiconductor lasers is proposed. Finally, brief discussion and conclusion are given.
Immunoassay of Insulin Using a Two-Antibody System. (1962)

SummaryTracer amounts of I131-insulin are precipitated by specific antibodies. The change in percent precipitated, as increasing amounts of unlabeled insulin are added, forms the basis of this assay. The method is sensitive to less than one microunit.
Spinal GABAergic Transplants Attenuate Mechanical Allodynia in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain (2007)

Injury to the spinal cord or peripheral nerves can lead to the development of allodynia due to the loss of inhibitory tone involved in spinal sensory function. The potential of intraspinal transplants of GABAergic cells to restore inhibitory tone and thus decrease pain behaviors in a rat model of neuropathic pain was investigated. Allodynia of the left hind paw was induced in rats by unilateral L5- 6 spinal nerve root ligation. Mechanical sensitivity was assessed using von Frey filaments. Postinjury, transgenic fetal green fluorescent protein mouse GABAergic cells or human neural precursor cells (HNPCs) expanded in suspension bioreactors and differentiated into a GABAergic phenotype were transplanted into the spinal cord. Control rats received undifferentiated HNPCs or cell suspension medium only. Animals that received either fetal mouse GABAergic cell or differentiated GABAergic HNPC intraspinal transplants demonstrated a significant increase in paw withdrawal thresholds at 1 week post-transplantation that was sustained for 6 weeks. Transplanted fetal mouse GABAergic cells demonstrated immunoreactivity for glutamic acid decarboxylase and GABA that colocalized with green fluorescent protein. Intraspinally transplanted differentiated GABAergic HNPCs demonstrated immunoreactivity for GABA and beta-III tubulin. In contrast, intraspinal transplantation of undifferentiated HNPCs, which predominantly differentiated into astrocytes, or cell suspension medium did not affect any behavioral recovery. Intraspinally transplanted GABAergic cells can reduce allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain. In addition, HNPCs expanded in a standardized fashion in suspension bioreactors and differentiated into a GABAergic phenotype may be an alternative to fetal cells for cell-based therapies to treat chronic pain syndromes.
Building a collaborative drug design system (1992)

Describes a system that supports the drug designer in the search for compounds with desired biological properties. The system incorporates two design principles: it works in collaboration with the user, and it contains a variety of analytical tools. The tools, which share a common representational language with the drug designer, are used to construct predictive models of the domain from empirical data. The models are used to hypothesize sets of new compounds to by synthesized and tested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Morphology of flame-generated soot as determined by thermophoretic sampling (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMorphology of flame-generated soot as determined by thermophoretic samplingR. A. Dobbins and C. M. MegaridisCite this: Langmuir 1987, 3, 2, 254–259Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00074a019https://doi.org/10.1021/la00074a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1819Altmetric-Citations422LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
8‐quinolylcyclopentadienyl, a ligand with a tailored fit for chelate complexes (1996)

Abstract 8‐Lithioquinoline reacts with 2,3,4,5‐tetramethylcyclopentenone to give 8‐quinolylcyclopentadiene ( 1/2 ) after acidic workup and treatment with ammonia. Two of the possible three isomers are formed; the acidic protons on the Cp rings show unusual downfield shifts in the 1 H‐NMR spectra. Treatment with strong bases led to the intensely coloured anionic 4 which was converted into the trimethylsilyl derivative 5 . This is a suitable starting compound for the trihalotitanium and ‐zirconium compounds 6 and 7 . The two complexes were investigated by crystal structure analyses. In both cases the quinolyl nitrogen atom is coordinated to the metal.