gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of polymerization initiator for base monomer on microwave curing of composite resin inlays (1999)

Microwave polymerization was used to make composite resin inlays and the effect examined of the concentration of polymerization initiator for the base monomer. The monomers used were 2,2-bis [4-(3-methacriloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl] propane (Bis-GMA) and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA). Bis-GMA and TEGDMA were mixed in a ratio of 6:4 by weight and were separated into five groups. To each group was added benzoyl peroxide (BPO) in the ratios of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 wt% as the polymerization initiator. These were used as the base monomers. The results showed that the degree of conversion of the cured sample increased with increasing concentration of BPO from 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, however there was no significant difference at 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 wt% (P> 0.01). Compression strength, diametral tensile strength and the Knoop hardness showed a similar tendency as the degree of conversion. No significant difference was recorded in the Knoop hardness between the top and the bottom surfaces (P> 0.01), which suggested a uniform polymerization in the cured sample. Thus, microwave polymerization would be an efficacious method for making resin inlays with the addition of BPO to the base monomer (Bis-GMA:TEGDMA, 6:4). The maximum conversion was found at a concentration of 0.5 wt%.
Preparation of High F-Value Oligopeptides from Corn Gluten Meal and Its Anti-fatigue Functions (2012)

The preparation technology of high F-value oligopeptides from corn gluten meal was developed. Corn gluten meal, byproduct of starch process, was hydrolyzed by alkali protease and papa in protease firstly, and then absorbed by activated carbon, ultra filtrated by ultra filtration device to obtain high F-value oligopeptides. Mice were used to establish the animal model of anti-fatigue function. The results showed that compared with control group, the test groups with different dosage of high F-value oligopeptide had more effective anti-fatigue function. Swimming times in the low-dosage groups, mid-dosage groups and high-dosage groups increased 22.3%, 39.1% and 60.2%, respectively. Liver glycogen contents are 1.37 times, 1.78 times and 2.14 times higher, respectively. Muscle glycogen contents are 1.46 times, 1.84 times and 3.17 times higher than that of control group, respectively. It showed that high F-value oligopeptides has the function of anti-fatigue.
Real-time intensity-based rigid 2d-3d medical image registration using RapidMind Multi-core Development Platform (2008)

In this paper, we present an efficient intensity-based rigid 2D-3D image registration method. We implement the algorithm using the RapidMind Multi-core Development Platform(1) to exploit the highly parallel multi-core architecture of graphics processing units (GPUs). We use a ray casting algorithm to generate the digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) on GPUs and efficiently reduce the complexity of DRR construction. The registration optimization problem is solved by the Gauss-Newton method. To fully exploit the multi-core parallelism, we implement almost the entire registration process in parallel by RapidMind. We also discuss the RapidMind implementation of the major computation steps. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of our method.
The Jeryl Lynn Vaccine Strain of Mumps Virus is a Mixture of Two Distinct Isolates (1993)

Sequence analysis of the region of the mumps virus genome encoding the putative small hydrophobic protein gene confirms that it is a highly variable region. Jeryl Lynn, the mumps vaccine strain used in the U.K., is shown to be a mixture of two closely related viruses, both probably of American origin.
TDP-43 Proteinopathy and ALS: Insights into Disease Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets (2015)

Therapeutic options for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are currently limited. However, recent studies show that almost all cases of ALS, as well as tau-negative frontotemporal dementia (FTD), share a common neuropathology characterized by the deposition of TAR-DNA binding protein (TDP)-43-positive protein inclusions, offering an attractive target for the design and testing of novel therapeutics. Here we demonstrate how diverse environmental stressors linked to stress granule formation, as well as mutations in genes encoding RNA processing proteins and protein degradation adaptors, initiate ALS pathogenesis via TDP-43. We review the progressive development of TDP-43 proteinopathy from cytoplasmic mislocalization and misfolding through to macroaggregation and the addition of phosphate and ubiquitin moieties. Drawing from cellular and animal studies, we explore the feasibility of therapeutics that act at each point in pathogenesis, from mitigating genetic risk using antisense oligonucleotides to modulating TDP-43 proteinopathy itself using small molecule activators of autophagy, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, or the chaperone network. We present the case that preventing the misfolding of TDP-43 and/or enhancing its clearance represents the most important target for effectively treating ALS and frontotemporal dementia.
Protecting the code against side attacks using chaotically controlled clock and supply (2013)

This paper is the third in a series of papers reporting on the results of protecting the microcontroller executed code against side attacks. The protection consists in randomizing, under the control of a chaotic circuit, of both the clock and the power supply voltage of a microcontroller. The results obtained by this double randomization are compared with the ones obtained with either clock or power supply randomization.
Immunology of spontaneous mammary carcinomas in mice. V. Acquired tumor resistance and enhancement in strain A mice infected with mammary tumor virus. (1966)

Summary Immunization of Strain A/Crgl female mice with living tissue and crude cell membrane preparations of recently arisen isogenic spontaneous mammary carcinomas conferred a marked degree of heightened reactivity against a subsequent challenge with the tumors. The heightened reactivity was manifested, under different experimental conditions, by either increased resistance or increased susceptibility to the tumor isografts. Increased tumor susceptibility could be transferred to normal isogenic hosts by means of serum from actively immunized animals and thus resembles the condition of immunologic enhancement. Experience with 1 tumor could evoke enhancement of another, indicating the existence of at least some cross-reacting antigens among spontaneous mammary carcinomas of this strain. Previous experience with living normal tissue or with normal cell membrane preparations of isogenic origin did not confer heightened tumor reactivity.
Sputtered Cadmium Oxide and Indium Oxide/Tin Oxide Films as Transparent Electrodes to Cadmium Sulfide (1972)

Thin films of cadmium oxide and indium oxide/tin oxide were reactively sputtered from their respective metal or alloy targets. films combine sheet resistances of less than 100 ohms/square with optical transmission greater than 45% for wavelengths greater than 5000Aå, and make ohmic contacts with high‐resistivity films. Indium oxide/tin oxide films show optical transmission greater than 45% for wavelengths greater than 4000Aå and sheet resistances of 100 to 200 ohms/square. Indium oxide/tin oxide also makes useful contacts to films, but reduces the resistivity of the films. A band diagram is proposed which qualitatively explains the ohmic nature of the contacts between two wide bandgap materials.
A galactosyl(alpha 1-3)mannose epitope on phospholipids of Leishmania mexicana and L. braziliensis is recognized by trypanosomatid-infected human sera (1990)

An immunoglobulin M antibody reactive with galactosyl(alpha 1-3)mannose [Gal(alpha 1-3)Man] residues present on phospholipids extracted from Leishmania mexicana and L. braziliensis was found to be present in high titer in the serum of every normal individual studied. Periodate oxidation, acid hydrolysis, or acetylation suppressed immunoreactivity, suggesting that an oligosaccharide chain was responsible for antibody binding. Interaction occurs only with alpha-Gal terminal residues, since treatment of purified glycophospholipids with alpha-galactosidase but not with beta-galactosidase abolished it. Antibody bound to galactosyl(alpha 1-3)galactose-linked synthetic antigens but did not bind to the same residues present in rabbit, rat, and guinea pig erythrocytes or in murine laminin. Antigen-antibody binding was strongly blocked with Gal(alpha 1-3)Man and Gal(beta 1-4)Man. These results plus inhibition studies with several oligosaccharides suggest that they are indeed different from antibodies against the galactosyl(alpha 1-3)galactose residue. Anti-Gal(alpha 1-3)Man antibody values were significantly elevated in 89% of patients with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, 84% of patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis, 69% of patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and 44 and 62% of patients with Trypanosoma cruzi or T. rangeli infection, respectively, but not in patients with 15 other different infectious and inflammatory diseases. Anti-Gal(alpha 1-3)Man antibody readily absorbed to American Leishmania and Trypanosoma culture forms, suggesting a surface membrane localization of reactive epitope. Gal(alpha 1-3)Man-bearing glycophospholipid was easily extracted from American Leishmania promastigotes and T. cruzi trypomastigotes as well as from American Trypanosoma culture forms. The possibility that this antibody arises against parasitic glycophospholipid-linked Gal(alpha 1-3)Man terminal residues is proposed.
Novel dry electrode ECG sensor system (2002)

A new 12-lead transtelephonic ECG electrode system has been developed by NIBEC. The dry electrode system consists of an, Ag/AgCl screenprinted ink layer patterned on to a flexible 125 /spl mu/m polyester film. This has been hydro-formed in order to ensure good skin contact and high quality signal sensing. The sensors are used as a reusable electrode system for home-based use in transtelephonic ECG monitoring of patients.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Photocycloaddition polymerization. I. Preparation and characterization of poly‐<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′‐polymethylenebisdichloromaleimides (1970)

Abstract The benzophenone‐sensitized solution‐phase photocycloaddition polymerization of N , N ′‐polymethylenebisdichloromaleimides has been investigated. It is shown that a polymer can be obtained by repeated 2π + 2π photocycloaddition process. The intrinsic viscosity of the products varies from 0.1 to 0.6 when the link between the two maleimide moieties contains more than six and simultaneously an uneven number of methylene units. The polymeric materials form transparent, flexible, noninflammable films and decompose at 310°C.
One-Pot Synthesis of α-Iodo-Substituted α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes from Propargylic Alcohols (2007)

An efficient one-pot method for the preparation of alpha-iodo-substituted alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes (alpha-iodoenals) from propargylic alcohol is developed. The reaction proceeds via an iodoallene intermediate, which is generated in situ by the reaction of propargylic alcohol with aqueous HI. The iodoallene intermediate is further transformed to an alpha-iodoenal derivative in good overall yield by oxidation with molecular O(2).
A method for Reducing Data from Radiographs of Shaped-Charge Jets (1981)

This report is a users' guide intended for those involved in reducing data from radiographs of shaped-charge jets. The procedure for setting-up and reading radiographs is listed step-by-step. A computer code listing and description of the calculations are included. jet particle velocities, break-up time, kinetic energies, lengths, diameters, length-to-diameter ratios, masses, momentums, and jet virtual origin are all included in the code.
Interferon Production by Epstein--Barr Virus in Human Mononuclear Leukocytes (1984)

Interferon (IFN) production following exposure to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was studied in primary human mononuclear leukocytes. When the leukocytes were exposed to EBV (strain B95-8 or P3HR-1) the IFN level reached a maximum 24 h after exposure to the virus, and a gradual decrease followed. A linear relationship was obtained between the input dose of EBV and the IFN titre. The IFN inducibility of leukocytes did not correlate with the EBV infectibility. IFN was also induced by u.v.-inactivated EBV and heat-inactivated EBV, but not by neutralized virus. IFN inducibility varied among adult donors, but there was no significant difference between EBV-seropositive and -seronegative groups. The response of cord blood leukocytes, however, was lower than that of the cells from adults. The activity of all IFN samples in this study was stable to acid and heat and exclusively neutralized by anti-human IFN-alpha. B cells, T cells and NK cells all produced IFN in response to EBV, but monocytes did not.
Vehicle Platooning: A Brief Survey and Categorization (2011)

In this paper, the vehicle platooning literature published between 1994 and 2010 is categorized and discussed. The paper includes a general introduction and overview of vehicle platooning and a technical description of the methodology. Recent trends in Vehicle Platooning are presented and discussed. The results are reviewed and the vehicle platooning literature is categorized into subcategories within the broader division of application focused and theory focused results. Issues and challenges faced in platooning are discussed.
Strengthening of Concrete Column Stubs through Resin Infused Composite Wraps (1993)

There is a critical need for the development and implementation of appro priate technologies to strengthen, repair and rehabilitate the infrastructure. FHWA studies estimate that the U.S. currently faces a $167 billion cost to repair deficient bridges and roads. In many cases, retrofit and rehabilitation by conventional means is very costly (due to both specialized equipment needs and closure of the structure during repair), if not im possible (e.g., the additional dead load resulting from repair of a deck/beam could very well further damage the structure and cause its final failure). Due to their inherent light ness, placement flexibility and resistance to corrosion, composites are logical substitutes for steel structural elements often used for the rehabilitation of bridge decks and columns. In this article, we focus on columnar structures where retrofit is needed to strengthen and increase compressive load carrying capacity. The use of a novel resin infusion technique is shown to contribute to substantial improvements in composite wrap efficiency. The use of 24 oz. woven glass roving as the reinforcement in the composite wrap is shown to substantially increase both load carrying capacity and deformation capability of the stubs. It is shown that through the use of glass/carbon hybrids, replication of the initial behavior of concrete is possible, along with a simultaneous improvement in load-carrying capacity (by 72 70%) and the creation of substantial increase in deformation capacity before failure.
HDL<sub>3</sub>-Mediated Inhibition of Thrombin-Induced Platelet Aggregation and Fibrinogen Binding Occurs via Decreased Production of Phosphoinositide-Derived Second Messengers 1,2-Diacylglycerol and Inositol 1,4,5-tris-Phosphate (1998)

We demonstrate that physiological concentrations of HDL3 inhibit the thrombin-induced platelet fibrinogen binding and aggregation in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion. The underlying mechanism includes HDL3-mediated inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis-phosphate turnover, 1,2-diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-tris-phosphate formation, and intracellular calcium mobilization. The inhibitory effects of HDL3 on inositol 1,4,5-tris-phosphate formation and intracellular calcium mobilization were abolished after covalent modification of HDL3 with dimethylsuberimidate. Furthermore, they could be blocked by calphostin C and bis-indolylmaleimide, 2 highly selective and structurally unrelated protein kinase C inhibitors. However, the inhibitory effects of HDL3 were not blocked by H89, a protein kinase A inhibitor. In addition, HDL3 failed to induce cAMP formation but stimulated the phosphorylation of the protein kinase C 40- to 47-kD major protein substrate. We observed a close temporal relationship between the HDL3-mediated inhibition of thrombin-induced inositol 1,4,5-tris-phosphate formation, intracellular calcium mobilization, and fibrinogen binding and the phosphorylation of the protein kinase C 40- to 47-kD major protein substrate. Taken together, these findings indicate that the HDL3-mediated inhibition of thrombin-induced fibrinogen binding and aggregation occurs via inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis-phosphate turnover and formation of 1,2-diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-tris-phosphate. Protein kinase C may be involved in this process.
Lead Extraction Via the Femoral Artery of a Left Ventricular Pacing Lead Inserted in the Subclavian Artery (2003)

We describe the extraction of a pacing lead via the femoral artery 5 months after it was inadvertently introduced through the right subclavian artery and positioned in the left ventricle. The lead was dislocated from the myocardium by traction from the subpectoral area and subsequently removed with a retriever inserted through the femoral artery in order to minimize the risk of cerebral embolization and bleeding at the entry site. Bleeding was controlled at the subclavian artery entry site by temporary inflation of a balloon catheter inserted through the brachial artery, and at the insertion site of the retriever in the femoral artery with a closure device.
Comparative analysis of the paired immunoglobulin-like receptor (<i>PILR</i>) locus in six mammalian genomes: duplication, conversion, and the birth of new genes (2006)

Manyaspects of the immune system are controlled by homologous cell surface receptors that mediate inhibitory and activating pathways. The paired immunoglobulin-like receptor (PILR) locus at 7q22 encodes both PILRA, an inhibitory receptor, and PILRB, its activating counterpart. Mouse Pilrb1 is a novel immune system regulator, and its ligand Cd99 participates in the recruitment of T-cells to inflamed tissue. We characterized the PILR locus in six mammalian genomes and investigated the structure and mRNA expression of human PILRB. Synteny at the PILR locus is conserved in the human, chimpanzee, dog, mouse and rat genomes. The absence of the PILR locus in opossum and chicken genomes suggests it arose after the divergence of placental and nonplacental mammals. In humans, a Williams-Beuren syndrome-related segmental duplication has created a complex chimeric transcript representing the predominantly expressed form of PILRB. Unlike PILRA, PILRB transcripts were detected in a wide variety of tissues including cells of the lymphoid lineage. In the mouse genome, a second activating gene, Pilrb2, and six pseudogenes were found. Extensive gene duplications in the rat genome have resulted in at least 27 Pilrb genes and or pseudogenes. Abundant gene duplication events involving novel CD99-related genes were also detected in the rat genome. In addition to duplication, we show that gene conversion has played a persistent role in the evolution of the PILR genes. Overall, we demonstrate that the PILR locus is dynamically evolving via multiple evolutionary mechanisms in several mammalian genomes.
Assessing Normal Embryogenesis inCaenorhabditis elegansUsing a 4D Microscope: Variability of Development and Regional Specification (1997)

Caenorhabditis elegans is renowned for its invariant embryogenesis. This pattern of development is in apparent contrast to other organisms from Drosophila to higher vertebrates. With the aid of a 4D microscope system (multifocal, time-lapse video recording system) which permits the extensive documentation and analysis of cell divisions, cell positions, and migrations in single embryos we have analyzed normal embryogenesis of C. elegans. The instrumentation reveals a naturally occurring variability in cell division timing, cell positioning, and cell-cell contacts which could not have been detected by the direct observation used earlier (Sulston et al., 1983, Dev. Biol. 100, 64-119). Embryos are very flexible and produce an essentially invariant premorphogenetic stage from variable earlier stages. An analysis of the distribution of the descendants of the early founder blastomeres at the premorphogenetic stage shows that these establish discrete regions in the embryo, a process involving a considerable amount of cell movement, which again varies in different embryos. Only cell fate assignment remains invariant. However, as shown earlier, this is not due to an autonomous invariant specification of cell fates but due to the fact that cell-cell interactions occur very early when the topology of blastomeres in the embryo is still sufficiently precise to ensure reproducible patterns of inductions. A new concept that founder blastomeres produce embryonic regions in the embryo can explain the striking complexity of the lineage per se and also the complicated asymmetric lineage patterns by which the bilateral symmetry of the embryo is established. Many cells, including bilateral homologs, were apparently chosen for a specific fate solely by their position in the embryo, irrespectively of the lineage descent by which the cells are created. We postulate that the production of regions by cell-cell interactions is the pivotal principle guiding the embryogenesis of C. elegans and that the embryogenesis of the worm follows the same basic principles as embryogenesis in other organisms.
L1<sub>0</sub>-ordered FeNi film grown on Cu-Ni binary buffer layer (2011)

An FeNi film with a metastable L10-ordered phase was fabricated by an alternate monatomic layer deposition. An Fe monolayer and a Ni monolayer were alternately grown on a Cu0.6Ni0.4 binary buffer layer. A (001) L10-FeNi superlattice peak, which indicates the formation of a L10 phase, was clearly observed by an X-ray diffraction. A long-range order parameter S of L10-FeNi was estimated to be 0.5 ± 0.1. It was found that the film has a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy along c-axis by magnetization measurement. The uniaxial magnetic anisotropy energy Ku was evaluated to be (5.0 ± 0.1) × 106 erg/cc.
Gamna-Gandy Bodies of the Spleen Detected with Susceptibility Weighted Imaging: Maybe a New Potential Non-Invasive Marker of Esophageal Varices (2013)

SWI provided more accurate information of GGBs in patients with PH. The number of GGB may be a non-invasive predictor of improving the selection for endoscopic screening of PH patients at risk of EV.
Simultaneous purification of biotin-binding proteins-I and -II from chicken egg yolk and their characterization (1995)

Chicken egg yolk biotin-binding protein-I (BBP-I) has been purified to homogeneity along with the tetrameric BBP-II by a common protocol. The purification includes delipidation of egg yolk by butanol extraction, DEAE-Sephacel chromatography, treatment with guanidinium chloride and biotin-aminohexyl-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The identity of purified BBP-I was ascertained by its physicochemical properties as well as by its immunological cross-reactivity and precursor-product relationship with BBP-II.
Teen driver cell phone blocker (2012)

"In this report a study that was a randomized control intervention that measures the effectiveness of a cellular phone control device that communicates whit the vehicles of teen drivers to deny them access to their phone while driving for the purpose of reducing distraction=related negative driving events."