gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of transcrystallinity on the behavior of fibers in polymer matrices (1985)

Abstract Single copper fibers embedded in a polypropylene matrix along part of their length will, on application of a tensile load, break in the absence of transcrystallinity adjacent to the fiber, or pull out of the polymer matrix in the presence of a transcrystalline zone. It is shown that the transcrystalline zone allows thinning of the fiber in the matrix up to the point at which compressive forces created by the shrinkage of the polymer around the fiber on cooling are removed and fiber pullout occurs.
Improvement of the luminous intensity of light-emitting diodes by using highly transparent Ag-indium tin oxide p-type ohmic contacts (2005)

We have investigated Ag-indium tin oxide (ITO) scheme for obtaining high-quality p-type ohmic contacts for GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The Ag(1 nm)-ITO(200 nm) contacts exhibit greatly improved electrical characteristics when annealed at temperatures in the range 400/spl deg/C-600/spl deg/C for 1 min in air, yielding specific contact resistances of /spl sim/10/sup -4/ /spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/. In addition, the contacts give transmittance of about 96% at 460 nm, which is far better than that of the conventionally used oxidized Ni-Au contacts. It is shown that the luminous intensity of blue LEDs fabricated with the Ag-ITO contacts is about three times higher than that of LEDs with oxidized Ni-Au contacts. This result strongly indicates that the Ag-ITO scheme can serve as a highly promising p-type ohmic contact for the realization of high brightness near ultraviolet LEDs.
User Location Determination Using Wireless AP Access Information (2015)

User location is one of the important factors to provide user-customized services. For user location determination, various methods can be used including GPS, mobile network, NFC and QR code. GPS and mobile network has a difficulty to apply them in inner spaces and a error on location determination. And, since a tag needs to be close to a reader device, NFC and QR code require relatively longer time for tag recognition, causing user inconvenience such as recognition error. This study suggests a user location recognition method using the access information of the wireless AP in a certain space, to which users’ smart devices connect. This method is based on the fact that smart devices connected to a wireless AP are close to this wireless AP since its service area is narrow. This method cannot be applied to provide one-to-one user-customized services. However, it can be used to provide communal services for users in a certain space. We suggest an electronic attendance system as one of the applications using the suggested method, and furthermore, a structure and service procedure of the system.
Alternative design for quantum cryptographic entangling probe (2006)

An alternative design is given for an optimized quantum cryptographic entangling probe for attacking the BB84 protocol of quantum key distribution. The initial state of the probe has a simpler analytical dependence on the set error rate to be induced by the probe than in the earlier design. The new device yields the same maximum information to the probe for a full range of induced error rates. As in the earlier design, the probe contains a single CNOT gate which produces the optimum entanglement between the BB84 signal states and the correlated probe states.
Tailoring interlayer exchange coupling of ferromagnetic films across MgO with Fe nanoclusters (2010)

We investigate the interlayer exchange coupling in Fe/MgO/Fe and Fe/MgO/Co systems with magnetic Fe nanoclusters embedded in the MgO spacer. Samples are grown by molecular-beam epitaxy and utilize wedged MgO films to independently vary the film thickness and the position of the Fe nanoclusters. Depending on the position of the Fe nanoclusters, the bilinear coupling $({J}_{1})$ exhibits strong variations in magnitude and can even switch between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic. This effect is explained by the magnetic coupling between the ferromagnetic films and the magnetic nanoclusters. Interestingly, the coupling of Fe nanoclusters to a Co film is 160% stronger than their coupling to a Fe film (at MgO spacing of 0.56 nm). This is much greater than the coupling difference of 20% observed in the analogous thin film systems (i.e. Fe/MgO/Co vs Fe/MgO/Fe), identifying an interesting nanoscaling effect related to the coupling between films and nanoclusters.
Exploiting temporal consistency for real-time video depth estimation (2019)

Accuracy of depth estimation from static images has been significantly improved recently, by exploiting hierarchical features from deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Compared with static images, vast information exists among video frames and can be exploited to improve the depth estimation performance. In this work, we focus on exploring temporal information from monocular videos for depth estimation. Specifically, we take the advantage of convolutional long short-term memory (CLSTM) and propose a novel spatial-temporal CSLTM (ST-CLSTM) structure. Our ST-CLSTM structure can capture not only the spatial features but also the temporal correlations/consistency among consecutive video frames with negligible increase in computational cost. Additionally, in order to maintain the temporal consistency among the estimated depth frames, we apply the generative adversarial learning scheme and design a temporal consistency loss. The temporal consistency loss is combined with the spatial loss to update the model in an end-to-end fashion. By taking advantage of the temporal information, we build a video depth estimation framework that runs in real-time and generates visually pleasant results. Moreover, our approach is flexible and can be generalized to most existing depth estimation frameworks. Code is available at: https://tinyurl.com/STCLSTM
<title>Oxygen plasma etching of silylated resist in top-imaging lithographic process</title> (1991)

Oxygen plasma etching of the thin silylated areas in the top-imaging DESIRE process has been studied in a Reactive Ion Etcher (RIE) and in a Distributed Electron Cyclotron Resonance (DECR) etcher. For many RIE process conditions the steady-state model for etching of organosilicon polymers can be used to describe the etch behavior of silylated resist. Deviations from the steady-state model are discussed. It was found that wafer temperature strongly influences the etch rate. After prolonged etching the etch rate of silylated resist increases slowly with time. Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy shows that during etching silicon redistribution in the resist occurs. Further, the Si yield per incoming oxygen ion was shown to be pressure dependent. For DECR etching of silylated resist no steady-state behavior was found. The etch rate is not constant, but increases in time. The implications of the etching behavior of silylated resist on pattern formation in the DESIRE process is discussed.
<i>COPS3</i> amplification and clinical outcome in osteosarcoma (2007)

COPS3 is the likely target of the 17p11.2 amplicon. COPS3 may function as an oncogene in osteosarcoma, and an increased copy number may lead to an unfavorable prognosis.
Video coding application design for next generation system-on-chip architectures (2003)

Consumer electronics ICs grow ever more complex while at the same time rapidly evolving technologies and constantly shifting markets demand shortened design cycles. This paper describes the implementation of an HDTV decoder using a novel approach to system-on-chip (SOC) design developed to meet the demand for short time to market. The approach combines a complete definition of the application in a high-level object oriented language, an an advanced compilation system, and a configurable multiprocessor/VLIW platform.
XAFS study of nanocrystalline selenium embedded in amorphous matrix (2006)

We report results of XAFS measurements and analysis on nanocrystalline selenium embedded in amorphous matrix. Nanocrystalline selenium samples were produced by annealing amorphous selenium powder synthesized by wet-method. From EXAFS analysis of fully crystallized selenium samples we discuss two different mode of crystallization, i.e. chain-folding and atomic rearrangement processes. In the case of crystallization by annealing EXAFS results support the chain-folding model. Amorphous/crystallites two phase model can not account for the measured EXAFS spectra of nanocrystalline systems, suggesting existence of interfacial region which has anomalously large volume between the amorphous and the crystalline phase. Curve-fitting analysis of the EXAFS spectra provided lower coordination number and larger third order cumulant than expected from the two phase model, reflecting structural characteristics of the interfacial region. Implications of these results concerning the mechanism of nanocrystallites formation in amorphous matrix are discussed. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2006.213]
<title>Prefetching protocol for streaming of prerecorded continuous media in wireless environments</title> (2001)

Streaming of continuous media over wireless links is a notoriously difficult problem. This is due to the stringent Quality of Service requirements of continuous media and the unreliability of wireless links. We develop a streaming protocol for the real-time delivery of prerecorded continuous media from a central base station to multiple wireless clients within a wireless cell. Our protocol prefetches parts of the ongoing continuous media streams into prefetch buffers in the clients. Our protocol prefetches according to a Join-the-Shortest-Queue policy. By exploiting rate adaptation techniques of wireless data packet protocols, the Join-the-Shortest-Queue policy dynamically allocates more transmission capacity to streams with small prefetched reserves. Our protocol uses channel probing to handle the location-dependent, time-varying, and bursty errors of wireless links. We evaluate our prefetching protocol through extensive simulations with VBR MPEG encoded video traces. Our simulations indicate that for burst VBR video with an average rate of 64 kbit/sec and typical wireless communication conditions our prefetching protocol achieves client starvation probabilities on the order of 10<SUP>-4</SUP> and a bandwidth efficiency of 90% with prefetch buffers of 128 kBytes.
The relationship between hypotensive effect and structure of adrenomedullin (2005)

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a novel hypotensive peptide isolated from human pheochromocytoma in 1993. It consists of 52 amino acid residues with a disulfide bond from position 16 to 21. In order to determine the relationship between hypotensive effect and structure of AM, we synthesized seven fragments of human AM (hAMI15, 16-52,23-52,22-42,26-42,28-42,. 40-52) and one fragment of rat AM (rAMl-13) by solid-phase method. These fragments purified by HPLC were injected intravenously to rats and the blood pressure(Bp) was monitored.
Importance of Bimodal Structure Topology in the Control of Mechanical Properties of a Stainless Steel (2014)

Creating bimodal grain size distribution in crystalline materials is an effective strategy to improve structural efficiency. Present investigation demonstrates that further control over topology through the formation of bimodal ‘harmonic’ structure simultaneously increases average values of strength and ductility, reduces the variation of corresponding properties, and thwarts the localization of plastic flow.
The Use of Ethephon to Regulate Sex Expression of Summer Squash for Hybrid Seed Production1 (1979)

Abstract Recommended rates of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) application did not prevent staminate flower formation on summer squash ( Cucurbita pepo L.) sufficient to permit hybrid seed production without defloration. The field experiments were conducted in commercial fields in which flower development occurred during warm long day conditions, which promote maleness in squash. A strongly female ‘Cocozelle’ inbred, a strongly male ‘Straightneck’ inbred and a very strongly male ‘Crookneck’ inbred were treated at several seedling stages with rates up to 600 ppm ethephon. Two applications of 400 to 600 ppm ethephon resulted in development of the fewest staminate flowers without significantly reducing seed yield or quality. The ‘Crookneck’ inbred was least responsive to ethephon.
Serum cell‐free DNA in renal cell carcinoma (2011)

The current results indicated that cell-free DNA represents a novel serum-based diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for RCC. Total serum cell-free DNA levels and CpG island methylation of RASSF1A and VHL may be useful diagnostic biomarkers for RCC. VHL methylation of cell-free DNA is suggestive of clear cell RCC. Total serum cell-free DNA may be a useful prognostic biomarker that may assist in tailoring postoperative surveillance and therapy. External prospective validation of these data will be required.
Automatic Construction and Natural-Language Description of Nonparametric Regression Models (2014)

This paper presents the beginnings of an automatic statistician, focusing on regression problems. Our system explores an open-ended space of statistical models to discover a good explanation of a data set, and then produces a detailed report with figures and natural-language text. Our approach treats unknown regression functions nonparametrically using Gaussian processes, which has two important consequences. First, Gaussian processes can model functions in terms of high-level properties (e.g. smoothness, trends, periodicity, changepoints). Taken together with the compositional structure of our language of models this allows us to automatically describe functions in simple terms. Second, the use of flexible nonparametric models and a rich language for composing them in an open-ended manner also results in state-of-the-art extrapolation performance evaluated over 13 real time series data sets from various domains.
Impact of lighting requirements on VLC systems (2013)

Advances in solid-state lighting (SSL) are enabling LEDs to be the dominant source for future human-made light. The adoption of LEDs is expected to significantly reduce energy consumption and facilitate precise intensity and color control of illuminated spaces. SSL also makes possible the use of visible light communications (VLC), in which data are emitted from luminaires through subtle intensity variations. This article focuses on the impact of lighting requirements on VLC systems, especially as found in indoor deployment scenarios. We also consider dimming control and its impact on color quality in the context of measured vs. perceived light levels.
Detection of JC virus DNA sequences and expression of the viral regulatory protein T-antigen in tumors of the central nervous system. (2001)

JC virus (JCV) is a neurotropic polyomavirus infecting greater than 70% of the human population worldwide during early childhood. Replication of JCV in brains of individuals with impaired immune systems results in the fatal demyelinating disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Furthermore, JCV possesses an oncogenic potential and induces development of various neuroectodermal origin tumors including medulloblastomas and glioblastomas in experimental animals. The oncogenecity of JCV is attributed to the viral early gene product, T-antigen, which has the ability to associate with and functionally inactivate well-studied tumor suppressor proteins including p53 and pRB: The observations from laboratory animal experiments have provided a rationale for examining the presence of the JCV DNA sequence and expression of the viral oncogenic protein in human brain tumors. We have examined 85 clinical specimens from the United Kingdom, Greece, and the United States, representing various human brain tumors including oligodendroglioma, astrocytoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, oligoastrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, glioblastoma multiforme, gliomatosis cerebri, gliosarcoma, ependymoma, and subependymoma, for their possible association with JCV. We performed gene amplification techniques using a pair of primers that recognize the JCV DNA sequence, and we demonstrated the presence of the viral early sequence in 49 (69%) of 71 samples. More importantly, our results from immunohistochemistry analysis revealed expression of JCV T-antigen in the nuclei of tumor cells in 28 (32.9%) of 85 tested samples. These observations, along with earlier in vitro and in vivo data on the transforming ability of this human neurotropic virus invite additional studies to re-evaluate the role of JCV in the pathogenesis of human brain tumors.
Quantitative Simultaneous Elemental Determinations in Alloys Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in an Ultra-High Vacuum (1994)

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) in an ultra-high vacuum is used in simultaneous quantitative elemental analysis of NIST transition metal alloy samples. A plasma is formed by focusing a Nd:YAG laser onto the sample's surface inside a vacuum chamber. UV-visible emission from excited species is monitored with the use of an optical multichannel analyzer (OMA). Linear calibration curves are shown for the elements (percent composition) Al (0.2–1.2%), Cu (0.021–0.49%), Fe (4.5–51.0%), Ni (30.8–80.3%), and Zn (6–12.8%) with the use of nonresonant lines. Detection limits (signal-to-noise = 3) vary with sample composition complexity from 0.0001% for Ni in a simple copper alloy (SRM 1111) to 0.16% for Al in a complex granular sample (SRM 349a). Absolute detection limits are estimated to be in the 20–200 μg/g range for the elements of interest. Simultaneous mass spectra were taken by sweeping the magnetic field of a mass spectrometer. Preliminary results showed the magnet could not be swept fast enough for multielement analysis. The use of a position-sensitive ion detection system is proposed.
Aviation Communications Facilities for the Next Ten Years (1956)

The object of this program has been to recommend, for domestic civil aeronautical communications, both point/point and air/ground (excluding tower), a systems and implementations plan which will best satisfy anticipated requirements for the next 10 years.
Automated production of high density cosmid and YAC colony filters using a robotic workstation. (1993)

We report here on a system for automated preparation of high-density colony filters of arrayed libraries using the high density replicating system (HDR) for the Beckman Biomek 1000 robotic workstation. This system, consisting of a 96-pin tool, a sterilization station and controlling software, transfers samples from microplates onto target membranes in arrays up to 36 times the density of a 96-well microplate. The transfer operation can be completely automated with the addition of the Biomek Side Loader System, which consists of a robotic arm capable of transferring plates and filters between the Biomek working tablet and a storage area. Using the complete system, we are able to plate 32 replica filters (8 x 12 cm), each containing the clones from 16 different microplates (i.e., 1536 clones per filter), in a 16-h overnight run without any operator intervention. We describe conditions used for transfer of bacterial yeast colonies and fixation of DNA to the membranes, and we illustrate hybridization results obtained with cosmid and YAC filters.
Synthesis of β-(4-Hydroxy-2-methylphenoxy)-lactic Acid, a Metabolite of Mephenesin (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of β-(4-Hydroxy-2-methylphenoxy)-lactic Acid, a Metabolite of MephenesinB. J. Ludwig, H. Luts, and W. A. WestCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 21, 5751–5753Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01626a095https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01626a095research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simultaneous and multivariate alignment of protein sequences: correspondence between physicochemical profiles and structurally conserved regions (SCR) (1991)

A general protein sequence alignment methodology for detecting a priori unknown common structural and functional regions is described. The method proposed in this paper is based on two basic requirements for a meaningful alignment. First, each sequence or segment of a sequence is characterized by a multivariate physicochemical profile. Second, the alignment is performed by considering all the sequences simultaneously, and the algorithm detects those regions that form a set of similar profiles. In order to test the structural meaning of the alignment obtained from the sequences, quantitative comparisons are performed with structurally conserved regions (SCR) determined from the X-ray structures of three serine proteases. Results suggest that the limits of the SCR may be predicted from the similarities between the physicochemical profiles of the sequences. The procedures are not completely automated. The final step requires a visual screening of alternative pathways in order to determine an optimal alignment.
Ozone-Enhanced Oxidation of Oxalic Acid in Water with Cobalt Catalysts. 1. Homogeneous Catalytic Ozonation (2003)

Oxalic acid in water has been treated with ozone in the presence of a Co(II) salt at acidic pH. The influence of different variables, including the initial oxalic acid, cobalt(II), and ozone gas concentrations and the temperature, has been investigated. The experimental stoichiometric ratio varied between 0.7 and 1.4 mol of ozone consumed per mole of oxalic acid consumed, while the ozone efficiency reached values as high as 25%. At any conditions applied, nearly total mineralization was achieved. The process developed between the slow and moderate kinetic regimes of ozone absorption. Experiments in the slow kinetic regime allowed for the experimental determination of the reaction kinetics, which was found to be first order with respect to oxalic acid and catalyst. For the case of ozone, nearly one-half-order kinetics was found. A mechanism that involves the participation of cobalt−oxalate complexes is also discussed.