gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design techniques for a 565/680 Mbit/s coder/decoder (1985)

The circuit design, process and layout techniques used to implement a high-performance silicon integrated circuit for a 565 Mbit/s multiplex and optical-fibre transmission system will be described. The IC contains 6000 transistors and operates at speeds well in excess of those normally achieved using semicustom circuit techniques, while retaining the normal advantages of semicustom design methods.
Improved QFN Reliability by flank tin plating process after singulation (2015)

The process of singulating IC packages such as Quad Flat Pack No-Lead (QFNs) by either a sawing or punching operation results in exposed copper on the sidewalls. This exposed copper surface can oxidize leading to poor or no solder wetting up the sidewall during the assembly operation. The consequence of this oxidized copper surface is either incomplete or no solder fillet formation during the PCB mounting operation resulting in solder joint reliability concerns. Currently, JEDEC and IPC assembly standards do not specify a toe fillet for assembly. However, several component manufacturers have requested a toe fillet solderability process which would improve current QFN reliability by ensuring toe fillet solder coverage. A process whereby tin is plated on the copper sidewall of the QFN after singulation has been developed to improve toe fillet solderability. Several assembly studies have been conducted which demonstrate improved QFN reliability due to the use of this toe fillet solderability process. The plating process, toe fillet inspection and improved QFN reliability after assembly due to the use of this toe fillet solderability is described.
水亦诗：老爸水均益不让我当“公主” (2011)

在央视群星争辉的主持人中，低调的水均益睿智、儒雅、干练。可在女儿水亦诗心中，这个万人喜爱的名嘴，却是个“可恶”的巫师，硬生生将她从“公主”的宝座上拉下来，变成了芸芸众生中的一介“平民”。好在，
OXIDATIVE ADDITION OF 4,4,6-TRIMETHYL-1,3,2-DIOXABORINANE AND BENZO[1,3,2]DIOXABOROLE TO TRIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE)HALOGENORHODIUM (1975)

Abstract Oxidative addition of 4,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane and benzo[1,3,2]dioxaborole to (Ph3P)3RhX, where X= Cl or Br, gives σ-metalloborne which reacts with triethylsilane to afford quantitatively Et3SiRhHX(PPh3)2.
A Boundary Element Solution to the Transient Pressure Response of Multiply Fractured Horizontal Wells (1989)

One of the advantages of a horizontal well over a vertical one is that it can be fractured at a number of positions along its horizontal section. This technique is particularly useful in tight reservoirs where economic production can not be achieved by conventional means. As this type of reservoir will produce in transient state for a considerable part of its producing life, accurate transient inflow models are required, not just for well testing purposes, but also for production forecasting. We constructed a model that yields the transient pressure response of a horizontal well intersected by several fractures. The properties of the fracture, length, conductivity, position and orientation can vary from fracture to fracture. By using the Boundary Element Method in combination with the Laplace transform, we succeeded in minimising the discretisation errors for the early time transients without requiring massive amounts of CPU time.
Yeast Lipids Can Phase-separate into Micrometer-scale Membrane Domains (2010)

The lipid raft concept proposes that biological membranes have the potential to form functional domains based on a selective interaction between sphingolipids and sterols. These domains seem to be involved in signal transduction and vesicular sorting of proteins and lipids. Although there is biochemical evidence for lipid raft-dependent protein and lipid sorting in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, direct evidence for an interaction between yeast sphingolipids and the yeast sterol ergosterol, resulting in membrane domain formation, is lacking. Here we show that model membranes formed from yeast total lipid extracts possess an inherent self-organization potential resulting in liquid-disordered-liquid-ordered phase coexistence at physiologically relevant temperature. Analyses of lipid extracts from mutants defective in sphingolipid metabolism as well as reconstitution of purified yeast lipids in model membranes of defined composition suggest that membrane domain formation depends on specific interactions between yeast sphingolipids and ergosterol. Taken together, these results provide a mechanistic explanation for lipid raft-dependent lipid and protein sorting in yeast.
Oocyte and Embryo Quality: Effect of Origin, Culture Conditions and Gene Expression Patterns (2003)

In general, the majority of immature bovine oocytes fail to develop to the blastocyst stage following maturation, fertilization and culture in vitro. The evidence suggests that while culture conditions during in vitro embryo production can impact on the developmental potential of the early embryo, the intrinsic quality of the oocyte is the key factor determining the proportion of oocytes developing to the blastocyst stage. In addition, evidence suggests that the period of post-fertilization embryo culture is the most critical in determining blastocyst quality. This paper reviews the current literature, with emphasis on the bovine model, demonstrating evidence for an effect of oocyte origin and/or in vitro maturation conditions on the developmental capacity and gene expression patterns in the oocyte. Furthermore, the well-documented effects of post-fertilization culture environment on embryo gene expression and quality are highlighted.
Referred muscle pain/hyperalgesia and central sensitisation (2003)

Referred muscle pain, resulting from algogenic conditions in viscera or other deep somatic structures (another muscle, a joint), is most often accompanied by secondary hyperalgesia and trophic changes (hypotrophy). Referred pain/ hyperalgesia from viscera is partly due to central sensitisation of viscero-somatic convergent neurons (triggered by the massive afferent visceral barrage) but also probably results from a reflex arc activation (the visceral input triggers reflex muscle contraction in turn responsible for sensitisation of muscle nociceptors). Referred pain/hyperalgesia from deep somatic structures is not explained by the mechanism of central sensitisation of convergent neurons in its original form, since there is little,convergence from deep tissues in the dorsal horn neurons. It has been proposed that these connections, not present from the beginning, are opened by nociceptive input from skeletal muscle, and that referral to myotomes outside the lesion results from the spread of central sensitisation to adjacent spinal segments.
Broad-based intracranial aneurysms: thrombosis induced by stent placement. (2003)

For broad-based intracranial aneurysms, both surgical and endovascular treatments are demanding. Flexible metallic stents provide an alternative treatment option for these patients, because they enable coil placement through the stent mesh. Evidence from extracranial arteries indicates that aneurysms may also spontaneously thrombose after stent placement. This case report documents three patients with saccular intracranial aneurysms in whom aneurysm thrombosis occurred after stent placement only, without additional packing of the aneurysms with coils.
A New Type of High Affinity Folic Acid Transporter in the Protozoan Parasite Leishmania and Deletion of Its Gene in Methotrexate-resistant Cells (2002)

The protozoan parasite Leishmania is a folate auxotroph and thus depends on the uptake of folate from the environment to meet its folate requirement. We show here that Leishmania contains several putative pteridine transporter genes. Some of these genes are deleted in methotrexate-resistant Leishmania cells where there is no measurable uptake of methotrexate. Transport studies suggest that Leishmania has more than one active folate transporter, and one of these, named FT5, corresponds to a very high affinity folate transporter (K(m) 84 nm). The uptake of both folate and methotrexate was impaired in an FT5 null mutant at low substrate concentrations (50 nm), although transport properties at higher concentrations (1000 nm) were not statistically different between wild-type and the FT5 null mutant. Modulation of the expression of FT5 also changes the susceptibility of Leishmania cells to methotrexate. These results have permitted the characterization of a novel class of folate transporters and suggest that the parasite Leishmania has several gene products possibly transporting folates and related molecules under varying conditions.
Prospects of Japanese Labor (1954)

Research Article| May 01 1954 Prospects of Japanese Labor Solomon B. Levine Solomon B. Levine Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1954) 23 (5): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.2307/3024346 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Solomon B. Levine; Prospects of Japanese Labor. Far Eastern Survey 1 May 1954; 23 (5): 65–70. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3024346 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Design and Analysis of a Visible-Light-Communication Enhanced WiFi System (2015)

Visible light communication (VLC) has wide unlicensed bandwidth, enables communication in radio-frequency-sensitive environments, realizes energy-efficient data transmission, and has the potential to boost the capacity of wireless access networks through spatial reuse. On the other hand, WiFi provides more coverage than VLC and does not suffer from the likelihood of blockage due to the line-of-sight requirement of VLC. In order to take the advantages of both WiFi and VLC, we propose and implement two heterogeneous systems with Internet access. One is the hybrid WiFi–VLC system, utilizing a unidirectional VLC channel as the downlink and reserving the WiFi backchannel as the uplink. The asymmetric solution resolves the optical uplink challenges and benefits from the full-duplex communication based on VLC. To further enhance the robustness and increase throughput, the other system is presented, in which we aggregate WiFi and VLC in parallel by leveraging the bonding technique in the Linux operating system. We also theoretically prove the superiority of the aggregated system in terms of average system delay. Online experiment results reveal that the hybrid system outperforms the conventional WiFi for crowded environments in terms of throughput and Web page loading time, and also demonstrate the further improved performance of the aggregated system when considering the blocking duration and the distance between the access point and the user device.
Generation of Radiosity Texture Atlas for Realistic Real-Time Rendering (2003)

Radiosity methods are a both physically correct and efficient way to compute the global illumination giving the visual atmosphere to a 3D scene. In this paper, we present a new approach to optimizing the visualization of meshed models illuminated using these methods. Our approach is based on a texture atlas, which makes it possible to store the global illumination in a set of textures, that can be mapped in real-time onto the model by the graphics hardware. Our contribution is a new robust atlas generation method well adapted to the visualization of illuminated complex meshed models, and based on a tight cooperation between the segmentation and the parameterization algorithms. In our segmentation method, the combinatorial information of the mesh is systematically preferred over the geometry whenever possible, which makes the algorithm both simpler and more robust. Large industrial models with complex topologies and poor mesh qualities can be efficiently processed. The paper concludes with some results, showing our method applied to architectural and car design industry models, and demonstrating that it both speeds up the visualization and is easy to integrate into existing advanced rendering software.
Coupling a single electron spin to a microwave resonator: controlling transverse and longitudinal couplings (2016)

Microwave-frequency superconducting resonators are ideally suited to perform dispersive qubit readout, to mediate two-qubit gates, and to shuttle states between distant quantum systems. A prerequisite for these applications is a strong qubit-resonator coupling. Strong coupling between an electron-spin qubit and a microwave resonator can be achieved by correlating spin- and orbital degrees of freedom. This correlation can be achieved through the Zeeman coupling of a single electron in a double quantum dot to a spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field generated by a nearby nanomagnet. In this paper, we consider such a device and estimate spin-resonator couplings of order ∼1 MHz with realistic parameters. Further, through realistic simulations, we show that precise placement of the double-dot relative to the nanomagnet allows to select between a purely longitudinal coupling (commuting with the bare spin Hamiltonian) and a purely transverse (spin non-conserving) coupling. Additionally, we suggest methods to mitigate dephasing and relaxation channels that are introduced in this coupling scheme. This analysis gives a clear route toward the realization of coherent state transfer between a microwave resonator and a single electron spin in a GaAs double quantum dot with a fidelity above 90%. Improved dynamical decoupling sequences, low-noise environments, and longer-lived microwave cavity modes may lead to substantially higher fidelities in the near future.
Methods and rules (1993)

We show how classical datalog semantics can be used directly and very simply to provide semantics to a syntactic extension of datalog with methods, classes, inheritance, overloading and late binding. Several approaches to resolution are considered, implemented in the model, and formally compared. They range from resolution in C++ style to original kinds of resolution suggested by the declarative nature of the language. We show connections to view specification and a further extension allowing runtime derivation of the class hierarchy.
SULFUR CONTAINING ACTIVATED NITRILES: SYNTHESIS OF THIOPHENE, PYRIDINE-2,6-DITHIONE,3,5-DIARYLANILINE AND PYRID0[2,3-z]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES (1996)

Abstract [l-(4-N.N-dimethylaminosulfonephenyl)ethylidene]malononitrile 2a was used as starting material in the synthesis of thiophene. pyridine-2,6-dithione, pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine, 3,5-diarylaninline, enamine and enol ether derivatives.
Binding of Retinoic Acid Receptor Heterodimers to DNA (1998)

The retinoic acid signaling pathway is controlled essentially through two types of nuclear receptors, RARs and RXRs. Ligand dependent activation or repression of retinoid-regulated genes is dependent on the binding of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)/9-cis-retinoic acid receptor (RXR) heterodimers to retinoic acid response element (RARE). Although unliganded RXR/RAR heterodimers bind constitutively to DNA in vitro, a clear in vivo ligand-dependent occupancy of the RARE present in the RARbeta2 gene promoter has been reported (Dey, A., Minucci, S., and Ozato, K. (1994) Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 8191-8201). Nucleosomes are viewed as general repressors of the transcriptional machinery, in part by preventing the access of transcription factors to DNA. The ability of hRXRalpha/hRARalpha heterodimers to bind to a nucleosomal template in vitro has therefore been examined. The assembly of a fragment from the RARbeta2 gene promoter, which contains a canonical DR5 RARE, into a nucleosome core prevented hRXRalpha/hRARalpha binding to this DNA, in conditions where a strong interaction is observed with a linear DNA template. However, histone tails removal by limited proteolysis and histone hyperacetylation yielded nucleosomal RAREs able to bind to hRXRalpha/hRARalpha heterodimers. These data establish therefore the role of histones NH2 termini as a major impediment to retinoid receptors access to DNA, and identify histone hyperacetylation as a potential physiological regulator of retinoid-induced transcription.
A novel flow battery: A lead acid battery based on an electrolyte with soluble lead(ii) (2004)

This series of papers will describe the chemistry, electrochemistry and performance of a flow battery with no separator and a single electrolyte, lead(II) in methanesulfonic acid. Voltammetry at rotating disc electrodes is used to define the conditions for the high rate deposition and dissolution of lead and lead dioxide in aqueous methanesulfonic acid. The determination of lead methanesulfonate solubility and solution conductivity as a function of lead methanesulfonate and methanesulfonic acid concentrations was carried out in order to aid the selection of the electrolyte for the battery.
Optimal 3-D traveltime tomography (1998)

Abstract We propose a practical new method for 3-D traveltime tomography. The method combines an efficient approximation to the extended Kalman filter for rapid, accurate, nonlinear tomography, with the concept of data-driven zonation, in which the dimensionality and geometry of the parameterization are dynamically determined using cluster analysis and region merging by random field union. The Bayesian filter uses geostatistics as it recursively incorporates measurements in an optimal (minimum-variance) manner. Geologic knowledge is introduced through a priori estimates of the parameter field and its spatial covariance. Conditional estimates of the parameter number, geometry, value, and covariance are evolved. An initial decomposition of the 3-D domain into 2-D slices, the simplified filter design, and the data-driven reduction in parameter dimensionality, all contribute to make the method computationally feasible for large 3-D domains. The method is verified by the inversion of crosswell seismic traveltimes to 3-D estimates of seismic slowness in four synthetic heterogeneous domains. Starting with homogeneous, fully distributed slowness fields, and no knowledge of the true covariance structure, the method is able to accurately and efficiently resolve the structure and values of markedly different domains.
Use of Hybrid PWM and Passive Resonant Snubber for a Grid-Connected CSI (2010)

Unipolar switching scheme (USS) and bipolar switching scheme (BSS) are popular choices of switching techniques for most inverter applications. Ideally, the output waveform with USS has lower switching loss and harmonic distortion than that with BSS. However, due to the narrow pulses generated around the zero-crossing region, the practical output waveform with USS exhibits pulse-dropping phenomenon that introduces undesirable low-order harmonics. Conversely, BSS does not possess such drawback as the duty cycles of the pulses around the zero-crossing region are close to 0.5. In this paper, a hybrid switching scheme (HSS) that combines the advantages of USS and BSS is proposed and applied to grid-connected current-source inverters. The inverter bridge is predominantly operated in USS and momentarily operated in BSS around the zero-crossing region. A theoretical study shows that the spectral characteristics of HSS are similar to that of an ideal USS. To further reduce the switching loss, the concept of passive resonant snubber is applied to the high-frequency switches in the inverter. The modes of operations, criteria for ensuring soft switching, and design procedures will be addressed in this paper. A 900-W, 220-V, 50-Hz prototype with the HSS and the snubber circuit has been built and tested. A comparative study of the converter efficiencies and total harmonic distortions at the inverter output with different switching schemes will be given.
Crowdsourced Data Management: Industry and Academic Perspectives (2015)

Crowdsourcing and human computation enable organizations to accomplish tasks that are currently not possible for fully automated techniques to complete, or require more flexibility and scalability than traditional employment relationships can facilitate. In the area of data processing, companies have benefited from crowd workers on platforms such as Amazon’s Mechanical Turk or Upwork to complete tasks as varied as content moderation, web content extraction, entity resolution, and video/audio/image processing. Several academic researchers from diverse areas ranging from the social sciences to computer science have embraced crowdsourcing as a research area, resulting in algorithms and systems that improve crowd work quality, latency, or cost. Given the relative nascence of the field, the academic and the practitioner communities have largely operated independently of each other for the past decade, rarely exchanging techniques and experiences. In this book, we aim to narrow the gap between academics and practitioners. On the academic side, we summarize the state of the art in crowd-powered algorithms and system design tailored to large-scale data processing. On the industry side, we survey 13 industry users (e.g., Google, Facebook, Microsoft) and 4 marketplace providers of crowd work (e.g., CrowdFlower, Upwork) to identify how hundreds of engineers and tens of million dollars are invested in various crowdsourcing solutions. Through the book, we hope to simultaneously introduce academics to real problems that practitioners encounter every day, and provide a survey of the state of the art for practitioners to incorporate into their designs. Through our surveys, we also highlight the fact that crowd-powered data processing is a large and growing field. Over the next decade, we believe that most technical organizations will in some way benefit from crowd work, and hope that this book can help guide the effective adoption of crowdsourcing across these organizations.
Intra prediction with deep learning (2018)

One fundamental component of video compression standards is Intra-Prediction. Intra-Prediction takes advantage of redundancy in the information of neighboring pixel values within video frames to predict blocks of pixels from their surrounding pixels and thus allowing to transmit the prediction errors instead of the pixel values themselves. The prediction errors are of smaller values than the pixels themselves, thus allowing to accomplish compression of the video stream. Prevalent standards take advantage of intra-frame pixel value dependencies to perform prediction at the encoder end and transfer only residual errors to the decoder. The standards use multiple “Modes”, which are various linear combinations of pixels for prediction of their neighbors within image Macro-Blocks (MBs). In this research, we have used Deep Neural Networks (DNN) to perform the predictions. Using twelve Fully Connected Networks, we managed to reduce Mean Square Error (MSE) of the predicted error by up to 3 times as compared to standard modes prediction results. This substantial improvement comes at the expense of more extensive computations. However, these extra computations can be significantly mitigated by the use of dedicated Graphical Processing Units (GPUs).