gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Segmentation of Speckle Images Based on Level Crossing Statistics. (1990)

When imaging is performed by using a coherent signal, the result is frequently a realization of the stochastic process known as speckle. The information sought from this process is often the mean value of its envelope or intensity at each point in the image plane. When only a single realization of the process is available, ergodicity is required within a sufficiently large region for accurate estimation of the mean. The identification of these regions is the segmentation problem that is addressed. The approach presented clips the speckle image at a constant threshold level and analyzes the resulting bilevel image based on the level-crossing statistics of the speckle process. An analysis of the level-crossing process leads to a decision rule for identifying or segmenting distinct regions of the image based on the sizes of the fades and the excursions in the clipped speckle. The measurement of these sizes is accomplished by using the morphological transformations of opening and closing. This new approach has been applied to computer-generated speckle images and may prove useful in laser, ultrasound, and radar imaging, in which speckle phenomena are manifest. 1.
Electron Channeling: A Problem for X-Ray Microanalysis in Materials Science (2009)

Electron channeling effects can create measurable signal intensity variations in all product signals that result from the scattering of the electron beam within a crystalline specimen. Of particular interest to the X-ray microanalyst are any variations that occur within the characteristic X-ray signal that are not directly related to a specimen composition variation. Many studies have documented the effect of crystallographic orientation on the local X-ray yield; however, the vast majority of these studies were carried out on thin foil specimens examined in transmission. Only a few studies have addressed these effects in bulk specimen materials, and these analyses were generally carried out at common scanning electron microscope microanalysis overvoltages (>1.5). At these overvoltage levels, the anomalous transmission effect is weak. As a result, the effect of electron channeling on the characteristic X-ray signal intensity has traditionally been overlooked in the field of quantitative electron probe microanalysis. The present work will demonstrate that electron channeling can produce X-ray variations of up to 26%, between intensity maxima and minima, in low overvoltage X-ray microanalyses of bulk specimens. Intensity variations of this magnitude will significantly impact the accuracy of qualitative and quantitative X-ray microanalyses at low overvoltage on engineering structural materials.
SOCS1, a Negative Regulator of Cytokine Signals and TLR Responses, in Human Liver Diseases (2010)

Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways are strictly coordinated by several mechanisms to regulate adequate innate immune responses. Recent lines of evidence indicate that the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family proteins, originally identified as negative-feedback regulators in cytokine signaling, are involved in the regulation of TLR-mediated immune responses. SOCS1, a member of SOCS family, is strongly induced upon TLR stimulation. Cells lacking SOCS1 are hyperresponsive to TLR stimulation. Thus, SOCS1 is an important regulator for both cytokine and TLR-induced responses. As an immune organ, the liver contains various types of immune cells such as T cells, NK cells, NKT cells, and Kupffer cells and is continuously challenged with gut-derived bacterial and dietary antigens. SOCS1 may be implicated in pathophysiology of the liver. The studies using SOCS1-deficient mice revealed that endogenous SOCS1 is critical for the prevention of liver diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, and cancers. Recent studies on humans suggest that SOCS1 is involved in the development of various liver disorders in humans. Thus, SOCS1 and other SOCS proteins are potential targets for the therapy of human liver diseases.
Reemergence of Dengue in Cuba: A 1997 Epidemic in Santiago de Cuba (1998)

After 15 years of absence, dengue reemerged in the municipality of Santiago de Cuba because of increasing migration to the area by people from disease-endemic regions, a high level of vector infestation, and the breakdown of eradication measures. The 1997 epidemic was detected early through an active surveillance system. Of 2,946 laboratory-confirmed cases, 205 were dengue hemorrhagic fever, and 12 were fatal. No deaths were reported in persons under 16 years of age. Now the epidemic is fully controlled.
Towards a Critical Anthropology of Smoking: Exploring the Consequences of Tobacco Control (2013)

The World Health Organization warned today that countries will need to be much more aggressive in their attempts to stamp out smoking if they are to counter the tobacco industry's marketing techniques (WHO, 2008).
Intelligent load management in Microgrids (2012)

The increased levels of distributed generator (DG) penetration and the customer demand for high levels of reliability have attributed to the formation of the Microgrid concept. The Microgrid concept contains a variety of technical challenges, including load management and anti-islanding protection discrimination strategies. This paper provides a novel scheme in which loads and DG are able to detect the conditions where the load of the island cannot be sufficiently supplied. In these instances, a load shedding algorithm systematically removes loads from the system until an island can be maintained within satisfactory operating limits utilising the local DG. The concept of an Intelligent Load Shedder (ILS) module is proposed in this paper. This module is connected in series with non-critical loads in order to detect the conditions where that non-essential load should be isolated from an island. This module must be capable of communicating with the static transfer switch (STS), which is the intelligent isolator associated with the island. The STS will also be capable of sending and receiving data with each DG's islanding protection device. The combined algorithmic control of the STS, ILS module and DG islanding protection device forms the Intelligent Load Management algorithm. This algorithm is capable of islanding protection and load shedding irrespective of the use of communications. The algorithms within this paper are simulated using MATLAB script. The results show that, on a theoretical level, the intelligent load management scheme described in this paper can be used to detect the conditions where an insufficient load is available using local parameters. Load shedding coordination is also shown to be possible with and without the use of communications between the STS, ILS module and DG islanding protection module.
Active blobs (1998)

A new region-based approach to nonrigid motion tracking is described. Shape is defined in terms of a deformable triangular mesh that captures object shape plus a color texture map that captures object appearance. Photometric variations are also modeled. Nonrigid shape registration and motion tracking are achieved by posing the problem as an energy-based, robust minimization procedure. The approach provides robustness to occlusions, wrinkles, shadows, and specular highlights. The formulation is tailored to rake advantage of texture mapping hardware available in many workstations, PCs, and game consoles. This enables nonrigid tracking at speeds approaching video rate.
Activation of microglia by endotoxin suppresses the secretion of glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) through the action of protein kinase Cα (PKCα) and mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKS) (2008)

The ability of microglia to produce/secrete glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in vitro was examined. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that nonstimulated microglia release limited amounts of GDNF with molecular sizes of 14 and 17 kDa. However, the secreted amounts significantly decreased when the microglia were activated with the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Comparison of the amounts of GDNF in the cells and the conditioned medium between the nonstimulated microglia and LPS-stimulated microglia clarified that the secretion of GDNF, but not its production, is strongly suppressed when the microglia are activated with LPS. The inhibitor experiments suggested that the GDNF secretion is depressed by a signaling cascade associated with protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha) and/or mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). As expected from the above results, a PKC activator suppressed the secretion of GDNF in nonstimulated microglia. Taken together, these results demonstrated that microglia have the ability to produce and secrete GDNF in vitro, and that the secretion is suppressed by stimulation with endotoxin, probably due to a signaling mechanism involving PKCalpha and/or MAPKs.
Distal lower extremity arteries: evaluation with two-dimensional MR digital subtraction angiography. (1998)

Two-dimensional MR digital subtraction angiography is superior to two-dimensional TOF MR angiography for help in identifying patent segments in the distal lower extremity.
Kinetics of the hydrolysis of di‐ and trisaccharides with <i>Aspergillus niger</i> glucoamylases I and II (1989)

Near-homogeneous forms of glucoamylases I and II, previously purified from an industrial Aspergillus niger preparation, were used to hydrolyze a number of di- and trisaccharides linked by alpha-D-glucosidic bonds. Maximum rates and Michaelis constants were obtained at various temperatures and pH values with glucoamylase I for the disaccharides beta,alpha-trehalose, kojibiose, nigerose, maltose, and isomaltose and the trisaccharides panose and iso-maltotriose, and with glucoamylase II for maltose, maltotriose, and isomaltotriose. Maximum rates were highest and energies of activation were lowest for maltose, maltotriose, and panose, the only three substrates containing alpha-D-(1, 4)-glucosidic bonds. Michaelis constants were lowest and standard heats of binding were most negative for maltose and maltotriose. The variation of maximum rates and Michaelis constants with varying pH values suggested that two carboxyl groups were involved in substrate binding.
Identification and characterization of a major building block in the cell wall of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1997)

Conference Article| August 01 1997 Identification and characterization of a major building block in the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae F. M. Klis; F. M. Klis * *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar L. H. P. Caro; L. H. P. Caro 1Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. H. Vossen; J. H. Vossen 1Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. C. Kapteyn; J. C. Kapteyn 1Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. F. J. Ram; A. F. J. Ram 1Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. C. Montijn; R. C. Montijn 1Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. A. A. Van Berkel; M. A. A. Van Berkel 1Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. Van Den Ende H. Van Den Ende 1Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Amsterdam, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (3): 856–860. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250856 Article history Received: March 13 1997 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F. M. Klis, L. H. P. Caro, J. H. Vossen, J. C. Kapteyn, A. F. J. Ram, R. C. Montijn, M. A. A. Van Berkel, H. Van Den Ende; Identification and characterization of a major building block in the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1997; 25 (3): 856–860. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250856 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Response of geostationary communications satellite solid-state power amplifiers to high-energy electron fluence (2015)

The key components in communications satellite payloads are the high-power amplifiers that amplify the received signal so that it can be accurately transmitted to the intended end user. In this study, we examine 26 amplifier anomalies and quantify the high-energy electron environment for periods of time prior to the anomalies. Building on the work of Lohmeyer and Cahoy (2013), we find that anomalies occur at a rate higher than just by chance when the >2 MeV electron fluence accumulated over 14 and 21 days is elevated. To try to understand “why,” we model the amplifier subsystem to assess whether the dielectric material in the radio frequency (RF) coaxial cables, which are the most exposed part of the system, is liable to experience electrical breakdown due to internal charging. We find that the accumulated electric field over the 14 and 21 days leading up to the anomalies is high enough to cause the dielectric material in the coax to breakdown. We also find that the accumulated voltages reached are high enough to compromise components in the amplifier system, for example, the direct current (DC) blocking capacitor. An electron beam test using a representative coaxial cable terminated in a blocking capacitor showed that discharges could occur with peak voltages and energies sufficient to damage active RF semiconductor devices.
Infarto agudo do miocárdio: o perfil de pacientes atendidos na UTI de um hospital público de São Paulo (2012)

Estudo realizado com o objetivo de conhecer o perfil de pacientes atendidos com infarto agudo do miocárdio em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital público de São Paulo, no período de 26 de julho a 30 de setembro de 2010, com análise de 50 casos, escolhidos ao acaso, segundo as variáveis: sexo, faixa etária, cor, estado civil, paridade, grau de instituição, hábito de fumar e atividade física. Pelos resultados pode-se concluir predominância do sexo masculino, faixa etária de 60 a 70 anos, maior incidência de cor preta, casados, com um filho, houve a predominância do ensino fundamental completo, respondendo sim ao hábito de fumar, e a não prática nenhum tipo de atividade física.
Insulin Resistance, Defective Insulin-Mediated Fatty Acid Suppression, and Coronary Artery Calcification in Subjects With and Without Type 1 Diabetes (2010)

Type 1 diabetic patients are insulin resistant compared with nondiabetic subjects, and the degree of resistance is not related to current glycemic control. Insulin resistance predicts the extent of coronary artery calcification and may contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes as well as subjects without diabetes.
Superficial or Membrane Digestion of Peptides in Dinitrophenol-Inhibited Rat Small Intestine (1979)

1. Hydrolysis of peptides has been measured in isolated rat small intestine perfused with a pancreatic digest of lactalbumin in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol. 2. Although transport of water and amino acids was severely inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol, peptide hydrolysis to free amino acids was apparently unimpaired. 3. Only a small fraction of the hydrolysis observed could be accounted for by leakage of enzymes into the lumen. 4. The results show that the brush-border enzymes proximal to the transport mechanism(s) can be an important site of hydrolysis of peptides to amino acids under conditions where the transport of unhydrolysed peptides is inhibited. The results are consistent with the concept of membrane (contact) digestion, although the significance of intracellular hydrolysis and of transmural transport of intact peptides is also discussed.
Deionization shocks in microstructures (2011)

Salt transport in bulk electrolytes is limited by diffusion and advection, but in microstructures with charged surfaces (e.g., microfluidic devices, porous media, soils, or biological tissues) surface conduction and electro-osmotic flow also contribute to ionic fluxes. For small applied voltages, these effects lead to well known linear electrokinetic phenomena. In this paper, we predict some surprising nonlinear dynamics that can result from the competition between bulk and interfacial transport at higher voltages. When counterions are selectively removed by a membrane or electrode, a "deionization shock" can propagate through the microstructure, leaving in its wake an ultrapure solution, nearly devoid of coions and colloidal impurities. We elucidate the basic physics of deionization shocks and develop a mathematical theory of their existence, structure, and stability, allowing for slow variations in surface charge or channel geometry. Via asymptotic approximations and similarity solutions, we show that deionization shocks accelerate and sharpen in narrowing channels, while they decelerate and weaken, and sometimes disappear, in widening channels. These phenomena may find applications in separations (deionization, decontamination, biological assays) and energy storage (batteries, supercapacitors) involving electrolytes in microstructures.
Synthesis and Evaluation of <i>S</i>‐ and <i>C(1)</i>‐Substituted Analogues of Lincomycin (2009)

Abstract magnified image New thioglycosides and C(1) ‐alkylated thioglycosides ( S ‐ulosides) of lincomycin were synthesized, and their antibiotic activities were determined. The S ‐aryl and S ‐arylalkyl analogues 11a – 11i were obtained by S ‐glycosylation of the sulfoxides 7 with arenethiols, or by S ‐alkylation of the thiol 14 with alkyl bromides. Lincomycin derivatives 27, 32a, 32b, 38a, 38b, 44 , and 47 were prepared via Henry reaction or Michael addition of the lincosamine‐derived 1‐deoxy‐1‐nitropyranoses 22 . The S ‐alkyl derivatives showed a similar activity and specificity as lincomycin. Lipophilic S ‐uloside analogues were two‐ to fourfold less active than the parent antibiotic, whilst the hydrophilic analogues were inactive.
Structure of the condensed phase of methacrylic copolymers with lipidic side chains (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of the condensed phase of methacrylic copolymers with lipidic side chainsI. Sakurai, Y. Kawamura, T. Suetsugu, and T. NakayaCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 26, 7256–7260Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00052a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00052a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The DC‐10: A Special Report (1980)

To set the record straight There is no point, a rule as old as Aristotle tells us, in debating a question that can be settled simply by examining the facts. It is ridiculous, in other words, to argue about whether the Yankees won the 1964 World Series. A glance at the record book will settle the matter immediately. Discussion will settle it never.
High‐Shear Viscometry with a Rotational Parallel‐Disk Device (1985)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. W. Connelly, J. Greener; High‐Shear Viscometry with a Rotational Parallel‐Disk Device. J. Rheol. 1 April 1985; 29 (2): 209–226. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.549828 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Structure and electrokinetic study of nickel electrodeposition (2008)

Electrodeposited layers of nickel show different growth characteristics depending on the composition of the electrolyte, namely the type of the anion, the presence or the absence of boric acid and the pH. These process parameters are examined in the present work in order to elucidate their influence upon the growth texture and the related surface morphology of the electrodeposits. The relationship between process and structure is investigated by studying the transient electrochemical behavior during deposition, in order to discriminate between different interface conditions corresponding to different growth modes. The observed preferred orientations can be in this way linked to different reactive species, which are assumed to be present at the surface, and to their stability. The correlation between kinetics and structure in nickel electrodeposition reported in the present work and the similar correlation found in cobalt electrodeposition suggest a rationalization of the growth modes of ECD inert metals, based on the correspondence between the transient Tafel parameter and the growth texture observed in defined conditions.