gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Derivation and Characterization of Canine Embryonic Stem Cell Lines with In Vitro and In Vivo Differentiation Potential (2008)

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) represent permanent cell lines that can be maintained in an undifferentiated state. In an environment that induces differentiation, they form derivatives of the three embryonic germ layers: mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm. These characteristics give ESCs great potential for both basic research and clinical applications in the areas of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. The establishment of ESCs from large animals that model human diseases is of significant importance. We describe the derivation of permanent canine cell lines from preimplantation-stage embryos. Similar to human ESCs, canine ESCs expressed OCT3/4, NANOG, SOX2, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, and alkaline phosphatase, whereas they expressed very low levels of SSEA-1. They maintained a normal karyotype and morphology typical of undifferentiated ESCs after multiple in vitro passages and rounds of cryopreservation. Plating cells in the absence of a feeder layer, either in attachment or suspension culture, resulted in the formation of embryoid bodies and their differentiation to multiple cell types. In vivo, canine ESCs gave rise to teratomas comprising cell types of all three embryonic germ layers. These cells represent the first pluripotent canine ESC lines with both in vitro and in vivo differentiation potential and offer the exciting possibility of testing the efficacy and safety of ESC-based therapies in large animal models of human disease.
The Changing Fate of a Secretory Glycoprotein in Developing Maize Endosperm   (2010)

Zeins are the major storage proteins in maize (Zea mays) endosperm, and their accumulation in zein bodies derived from the endoplasmic reticulum is well characterized. In contrast, relatively little is known about post-Golgi compartments or the trafficking of vacuolar proteins in maize endosperm, specifically the presence of globulins in structures resembling protein storage vacuoles that appear in early to mid-stage seed development. We investigated this pathway by expressing and analyzing a recombinant reporter glycoprotein during endosperm maturation, using a combination of microscopy and sensitive glycopeptide analysis. Specific N-glycan acceptor sites on the protein were followed through the stages of grain development, revealing a shift from predominantly paucimannosidic vacuolar glycoforms to predominantly trimmed glycan structures lacking fucose. This was accompanied by a change in the main subcellular localization of the protein from large protein storage vacuole-like post-Golgi organelles to the endoplasmic reticulum and zein bodies. The endogenous storage proteins corn alpha-globulin and corn legumin-1 showed a similar spatiotemporal profile both in transgenic plants expressing the reporter glycoprotein and in wild-type plants. This indicates that the shift of the intracellular trafficking route, as observed with our reporter glycoprotein, may be a common strategy in maize seed development.
Identification of autoantibody against beta-amyloid peptide in the serum of elderly (2009)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by two major neurological features: amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (A-beta) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of AD. Several lines of evidence suggest that antibodies against A-beta play a protective role in the neuropathology of AD. In this study, we describe the purification of an autoantibody against A-beta from human serum using affinity purification method. The purified autoantibody recognized A-beta deposits in the brain of aged Tg2676 mice, an animal model of AD. The serum levels of anti-A-beta autoantibody correlated inversely with age in both AD patients and control non-demented elderly subjects. Furthermore, the levels were significantly lower in AD patients compared with the age-matched control subjects. It is the first time to show the identification of endogenous anti-A-beta autoantibody in human serum and suggesting that serum levels of anti-A-beta autoantibody might be a good biomarker for AD patients.
Selective Chemical Mechanical Polishing Using Surfactants (2007)

Device fabrication using high density, small pattern size shallow trench isolation (STI) processes requires material removal selectivity during chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) steps for optimum product processing and quality control. To improve the selectivity of STI CMP processes, surfactants were applied to selectively polish silica as opposed to silicon nitrides surfaces. A ten-fold increase in selectivity over conventional colloidal silica slurry was achieved by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and pH adjustment. Adsorption characteristics of SDS on silica and silicon nitride were measured as a function of slurry pH and concentration of SDS. As indicated by streaming potential measurements and solution depletion adsorption experiments under acidic pH conditions, SDS adsorption on silicon nitride was significantly higher than silica primarily due to the electrostatic interactions. It was concluded that the preferential adsorption of SDS on silicon nitride results in the formation of a material-selective self-assembled passivation (lubrication) layer leading to selective polishing. Effects of different alkyl chain length of surfactants were tested. Various mixed surfactant systems were tested and it is believed that the addition of second surfactants promotes the adsorption on silica diminishing selectivity. The material-targeted boundary layer lubrication concept may be used to develop selective CMP polishing slurries.
Crystal structure of human lysosomal acid lipase and its implications in cholesteryl ester storage disease (2020)

Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is a serine hydrolase that hydrolyzes cholesteryl ester (CE) and TGs delivered to the lysosomes into free cholesterol and fatty acids. LAL deficiency due to mutations in the LAL gene (<i>LIPA</i>) results in accumulation of TGs and cholesterol esters in various tissues of the body leading to pathological conditions such as Wolman's disease and CE storage disease (CESD). Here, we present the first crystal structure of recombinant human LAL (HLAL) to 2.6 Å resolution in its closed form. The crystal structure was enabled by mutating three of the six potential glycosylation sites. The overall structure of HLAL closely resembles that of the evolutionarily related human gastric lipase (HGL). It consists of a core domain belonging to the classical α/β hydrolase-fold family with a classical catalytic triad (Ser-153, His-353, Asp-324), an oxyanion hole, and a "cap" domain, which regulates substrate entry to the catalytic site. Most significant structural differences between HLAL and HGL exist at the lid region. Deletion of the short helix, <sup>238</sup>NLCFLLC<sup>244</sup>, at the lid region implied a possible role in regulating the highly hydrophobic substrate binding site from self-oligomerization during interfacial activation. We also performed molecular dynamic simulations of dog gastric lipase (lid-open form) and HLAL to gain insights and speculated a possible role of the human mutant, H274Y, leading to CESD.
Broadly wavelength-tunable external cavity, mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers (2002)

Wavelength tuning over 120 nm for a grating-coupled 5.1-/spl mu/m quantum-cascade type-I laser was studied for temperature from 80 to 243 K (-30/spl deg/C). Both the Littman-Metcalf and first-order grating direct feedback cavity configurations were used with similar tuning results. The goal is to achieve broad tunability, and the result is a combined grating and temperature tuning of 245 nm, from 5.040 to 5.285 /spl mu/m. The laser was designed for predominantly single-mode or at most, two-longitudinal mode operation. The instrument-limited laser linewidth was less than the cavity longitudinal mode spacing. Stepping-motor control of the grating allowed 0.4-GHz wavelength increments (35 pm) to be realized with high reproducibility. A current-induced wavelength shift of /spl sim/2-3 GHz was observed, corresponding to an effective refractive index change of /spl sim/10/sup -3/. Analysis indicates that single-mode, continuously tunable operation is feasible with a more optimal device and cavity.
DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) Radical Scavenging Activity of Flavonoids Obtained from Some Medicinal Plants. (2001)

A reactive oxygen species has been implicated in a range of human pathological diseases such as atherosclerosis and certain cancers. Flavonoids are reported to exhibit various biological activities, including antioxidative and free radical scavenging activities. Several flavonoids obtained from barley leaves, soybean and some medicinal plants, Silybum marianum, Sophorae Flos, Cinnamon, Ephedrae Herba and Scutellariae Radix, were tested for their DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. The structure-activity relationships suggested that not only the numbers of hydroxy group but also the position of hydroxy group might be important for mediating potent activity.
Underdominance, Multiscale Interactions, and Self-Organizing Barriers to Gene Flow (2009)

Understanding mechanisms for the evolution of barriers to gene flow within interbreeding populations continues to be a topic of great interest among evolutionary theorists. In this work, simulated evolving diploid populations illustrate how mild underdominance (heterozygote disadvantage) can be easily introduced at multiple loci in interbreeding populations through simultaneous or sequential mutational events at individual loci, by means of directional selection and simple forms of epistasis (non-linear gene-gene interactions). It is then shown how multiscale interactions (within-locus, between-locus, and between-individual) can cause interbreeding populations with multiple underdominant loci to self-organize into clusters of compatible genotypes, in some circumstances resulting in the emergence of reproductively isolated species. If external barriers to gene flow are also present, these can have a stabilizing effect on cluster boundaries and help to maintain underdominant polymorphisms, even when homozygotes have differential fitness. It is concluded that multiscale interactions can potentially help to maintain underdominant polymorphisms and may contribute to speciation events.
Contour integration by the human visual system: Evidence for a local “association field” (1993)

The Gestalt law of "good continuation" has been used to describe a variety of phenomena demonstrating the importance of continuity in human perception. In this study, we consider how continuity may be represented by a visual system that filters spatial data using arrays of cells selective for orientation and spatial frequency. Many structures (e.g. fractal contours) show a form of redundancy which is well represented by the continuity of features as they vary across space and frequency. We suggest that it is possible to take advantage of the redundancy in continuous, but non-aligned features by associating the outputs of filters with similar tuning. Five experiments were performed, to determine the rules that govern the perception of continuity. Observers were presented with arrays of oriented, band-pass elements (Gabor patches) in which a subset of the elements was aligned along a "jagged" path. Using a forced-choice procedure, observers were found to be capable of identifying the path within a field of randomly-oriented elements even when the spacing between the elements was considerably larger than the size of any of the individual elements. Furthermore, when the elements were oriented at angles up to +/- 60 deg relative to one another, the path was reliably identified. Alignment of the elements along the path was found to play a large role in the ability to detect the path. Small variations in the alignment or aligning the elements orthogonally (i.e. "side-to-side" as opposed to "end-to-end") significantly reduced the observer's ability to detect the presence of a path. The results are discussed in terms of an "association field" which integrates information across neighboring filters tuned to similar orientations. We suggest that some of the processes involved in texture segregation may have a similar explanation.
Locality-aware task management for unstructured parallelism (2013)

As we increase the number of cores on a processor die, the on-chip cache hierarchies that support these cores are getting larger, deeper, and more complex. As a result, non-uniform memory access effects are now prevalent even on a single chip. To reduce execution time and energy consumption, data access locality should be exploited. This is especially important for task-based programming systems, where a scheduler decides when and where on the chip the code segments, i.e., tasks, should execute. Capturing locality for structured task parallelism has been done effectively, but the more difficult case, unstructured parallelism, remains largely unsolved - little quantitative analysis exists to demonstrate the potential of locality-aware scheduling, and to guide future scheduler implementations in the most fruitful direction.
Dynamic Analysis of Drug-Induced Cytotoxicity Using Chip-Based Dielectrophoretic Cell Immobilization Technology (2011)

Quantification of programmed and accidental cell death provides useful end-points for the anticancer drug efficacy assessment. Cell death is, however, a stochastic process. Therefore, the opportunity to dynamically quantify individual cellular states is advantageous over the commonly employed static, end-point assays. In this work, we describe the development and application of a microfabricated, dielectrophoretic (DEP) cell immobilization platform for the real-time analysis of cancer drug-induced cytotoxicity. Microelectrode arrays were designed to generate weak electro-thermal vortices that support efficient drug mixing and rapid cell immobilization at the delta-shape regions of strong electric field formed between the opposite microelectrodes. We applied this technology to the dynamic analysis of hematopoietic tumor cells that represent a particular challenge for real-time imaging due to their dislodgement during image acquisition. The present study was designed to provide a comprehensive mechanistic rationale for accelerated cell-based assays on DEP chips using real-time labeling with cell permeability markers. In this context, we provide data on the complex behavior of viable vs dying cells in the DEP fields and probe the effects of DEP fields upon cell responses to anticancer drugs and overall bioassay performance. Results indicate that simple DEP cell immobilization technology can be readily applied for the dynamic analysis of investigational drugs in hematopoietic cancer cells. This ability is of particular importance in studying the outcome of patient derived cancer cells, when exposed to therapeutic drugs, as these cells are often rare and difficult to collect, purify and immobilize.
직장인의 성격 유형과 생활만족도간의 인과관계 (2002)

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence personality style of middle-aged worker on leisure satisfaction, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction. To more details. The main purpose of this study was to explor the degree of influencing personality style which is dependent, independent, ambivalent, detached one on leisure satisfaction, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction. To achive the purpose of this study same as the upper contents, Subejcts of this study were sampled of total 274 middle-aged worker whose job`s positions are the backbone official, self-supporting person, by the random sampling method in through 5. 15 to 6. 3. 1996. One hand, Statistics of this study were analysis of Multiple regression analysis. The Tools used for purpose of this study were, first, personality measuring tool which was extracted factors based Millon(1981, 1982, 1987b, 1991, 1993)`s personality Model and Karen Hormey(1945)`s tool measured disposition, and second, tool of job-family satisfaction which Higgins(1991b) developed, and third, tool of leisure satisfaction which Beard and Ragheb(1980) developed, and finally, Csilkszentmyhalyi(1975)`s life satisfaction tool, and consisted of Questionarie contending 65 items divided into 4 sections. Based on the precedures and results, the following conclusions were warranted: First, Among Middle-aged worker`s personality style. There was showned in influencing dependent personality one(β=-.124), job satisfaction(β=.332) and leisure satisfaction(β=.112) on leisure satisfaction at the 5% probability level statistically. Second. Among Middle-aged worker`s personality style. There was showned in influencing independent personality one(β=-.308) on job satisfaction at the 5% probability level statistically. Third, Among Middle-aged worker`s personality style. There was showned in influencing independent personality one(β=-.248) on life at the 5% probability level statistically. Forth, In the caused and effected relationship among Personality style, job satisfaction, leisure satisfaction and life satisfaction, perticulary, among personality style. Only dependent one was effected directly on life satisfaction, and also Job and leisure satisfaction effected respectively. On the one hand, There was showned in influnecing indenpendent personality style on job and leisure satisfaction.
Carboxylic acid-modified metal oxide catalyst for selectivity-tunable aerobic ammoxidation (2018)

Controlling the reaction selectivity of a heterobifunctional molecule is a fundamental challenge in many catalytic processes. Recent efforts to design chemoselective catalysts have focused on modifying the surface of metal nanoparticle materials having tunable properties. However, precise control over the surface properties of base-metal oxide catalysts remains a challenge. Here, we show that green modification of the surface with carboxylates can be used to tune the ammoxidation selectivity toward the desired products during the reaction of hydroxyaldehyde on manganese oxide catalysts. These modifications improve the selectivity for hydroxynitrile from 0 to 92% under identical reaction conditions. The product distribution of dinitrile and hydroxynitrile can be continuously tuned by adjusting the amount of carboxylate modifier. This property was attributed to the selective decrease in the hydroxyl adsorption affinity of the manganese oxides by the adsorbed carboxylate groups. The selectivity enhancement is not affected by the tail structure of the carboxylic acid.
Optical design of liquid crystal lenses: off-axis modelling (2005)

We report on our work on producing liquid crystal switchable modal lenses and their use in a compound lens system in order to produce variable focus/zoom lenses. We describe work on producing a high power lens, and present theoretical work on off-axis phase modulation in a liquid crystal lens which is important in order to be able to carry out a complete optical design of a liquid crystal lens.
Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling in Commercial Smart Kitchens (2019)

This paper describes the possibility of applying a generic, cloud-based Optimisation as a Service facility to food cooking planning and scheduling in a commercial kitchen. We propose a chromosome encoding and customisation of the classic MOEA/D multi-objective genetic algorithm. The applicability of the proposed approach is evaluated experimentally for two scenarios different with respect to the number of cooking appliances and the amount of the ordered food. The proposed system managed to determine the trade-offs between cooking time, energy dissipation and food quality.
Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty (1983)

The differences between prostheses fixed with and without cement are mainly in the design and nature of the surface implant. The shapes of the sockets to be implanted without cement show a wide variety: cylinder, square, conus, and ellipsoid with and without threads. The hemispheric shape, however, which was chosen for the acetabular component of the isoelastic hip joint, does not disturb the natural form and function of the hip joint since the outer surface is closely adapted to the original subchondral bone layer. The noncemented cup is secured by threads, pegs, screws, etc., and by ingrowth of bony tissue in the grooves of the surfaces. Most femoral stems are based on the self-locking principle. All prosthetic models incorporate attempts to increase the surface of the stem (ribs, wings, corrugations, rims, etc.). There is a tendency to use less rigid elastic implants instead of the well known rigid metallic prostheses. The aim is to overcome the problems of stress protection and stress concentration observed with rigid implants. For the biomechanical integration of an implant, the properties of the surface, especially macroporosity and microporosity, are important. Most European models of noncemented endoprostheses are based on macroporosity (porometal, madreporic, etc.). The increase in implant surface area achieved with macroscopic perforations and recesses is relatively minor compared with the possibilities offered by microporosity ("alumine fritée," Proplast, fiber-metal, etc.). The best indication for use of a cementless hip endoprosthesis is in revision arthroplasty. The lost bone stock is replaced by bone grafts, thereby creating a situation comparable with that of a primary arthroplasty. Clinical experience with noncemented hip endoprostheses is, to date, promising, although the observation time for most models is short.
Ethics and the charge nurse/ward sister (1990)

Mike Thomas looks at the various ethical issues facing charge nurses/ward sisters and suggests strategies to resolve them
Neutral Storage Lipid and Exit Behavior of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Fourth- stage Dispersal Juveniles from their Beetle Vectors. (1998)

The J4 dispersal juvenile is a specialized life stage of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner &Buhrer) Nickle, that is transported by cerambycid beeries in the genus Monochamus. The nlediafion of J4 exit fronl beetle vectors is poorly understood. We hypothesized that decreasing neutral storage lipid in B. xylophilus J4 was related to behaviors leading to their exit from the beetle on which they are carried. J4 remaining within beetles and J4 exited from beetles were fixed, stained, and digitized for computerized image analysis of neutral storage lipid content. Nematodes remaining within beetles had significantly higher neutral lipid area than those that exited during the first 4 weeks of adult beetle life. Neutral storage lipid content of J4 from within beeries decreased dramatically at week 5 and remained low through week 10. Desiccation was thought to be the reason for this decrease. Neutral storage lipid was correlated with nematode exit and may contribute to B. xylophilus exit from vectors.