gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
E4BP4/NFIL3, a PAR‐related bZIP factor with many roles (2002)

E4BP4, a mammalian basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor, was first identified through its ability to bind and repress viral promoter sequences. Subsequently, E4BP4 and homologues in other species have been implicated in a diverse range of processes including commitment to cell survival versus apoptosis, the anti-inflammatory response and, most recently, in the mammalian circadian oscillatory mechanism. In some of these cases at least, E4BP4 appears to act antagonistically with members of the related PAR family of transcription factors with which it shares DNA-binding specificity. This diversity of function is mirrored by the regulatory pathways impinging on E4BP4, which include regulation by ras via the lymphokine IL-3 in murine B-cells, by thyroid hormone during Xenopus tail resorption, by glucocorticoids in murine fibroblasts and by calcium in rat smooth muscle cells. This article will cover the unfolding role/s of and regulation of E4BP4, E4BP4-like proteins and PAR factors in species as diverse as mouse and C. elegans.
Activation of human pp60c-src. (1996)

pp60c-src and the structurally related members of the Src family are non-receptor tyrosine kinases that reside within the cell associated with cell membranes and appear to transduce signals from transmembrane receptors to the cell interior. Many intracellular pathways can be stimulated upon Src activation, and a variety of cellular consequences can result, including morphological changes and cell proliferation. pp60c-src activity is normally suppressed by phosphorylation on its carboxy-terminal tail by an enzyme known as CSK. Various cellular stimuli or mutations within pp60c-src can activate its endogenous kinase activity. In this paper, we review aspects of pp60c-src activation and regulation and discuss results obtained in our laboratory in two experimental systems: (i) in melanoma cell lines and primary pigmented normal human melanocytes and (ii) using activated mutant forms of purified human pp60c-src protein.
Classification of <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> at phylotype level by MALDI-MS proteotyping (2019)

Cutibacterium acnes is a major commensal human skin bacteria. It is a producer of propionic acids that maintain skin acidic pH to inhibit the growth of pathogens. On the other hand, it is also associated with diseases such as acne vulgaris and sarcoidosis. C. acnes strains have been classified into six phylotypes using DNA-based approaches. Because several characteristic features of C. acnes vary according to the phylotype, the development of a practical method to identify these phylotypes is needed. For rapid identification of phylotypes for C. acnes strains, a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) fingerprinting technique has been applied; however, some phylotypes have not been discriminated. We developed a high-throughput protein purification method to detect biomarker proteins by ultrafiltration. MALDI-MS proteotyping using profiling of identified biomarker peaks was applied for the classification of 24 strains of C. acnes, and these were successfully classified into the correct phylotypes. This is a promising method that allows the discrimination of C. acnes phylotypes independent of a DNA-based approach.
Combined EEG-fMRI and tractography to visualise propagation of epileptic activity (2007)

In a patient with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, EEG-fMRI showed activation in association with left anterior temporal interictal discharges, in the left temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. Dynamic causal modelling suggested propagation of neural activity from the temporal focus to the area of occipital activation. Tractography showed connections from the site of temporal lobe activation to the site of occipital activation. This demonstrates the principle of combining EEG-fMRI and tractography to delineate the pathways of propagation of epileptic activity.
New class of semisynthetic penicillins and cephalosporins derived from D-2-(1,4-cyclohexadienyl)glycine (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew class of semisynthetic penicillins and cephalosporins derived from D-2-(1,4-cyclohexadienyl)glycineJoseph E. Dolfini, Harold E. Applegate, Georges Bach, Harold Basch, Jack Bernstein, Joseph Schwartz, and Frank L. WeisenbornCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1971, 14, 2, 117–119Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00284a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00284a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Communication services for secure building automation networks (2010)

Up to now, building automation systems were considered as virtually closed environments. If at all, they had to provide some well dedicated dial-in connections for remote management. With the introduction of interconnections to foreign networks (e.g., Web gateways to the Internet) and wireless technologies, the assumption of physical isolation is not longer valid. In parallel, building automation systems of the next generation shall also be home for tight integrated services with seamless interworking nodes of formerly separated systems. When security-critical integration is considered, this promises synergies, but significantly tightens requirements on the protocol stack. This paper summarizes the demands to be met by nodes participating in such an environment and presents necessary secure services that are part of the protocol architecture.
Economic History (2008)

Economic history focuses on the historical study of growth and development. Originating in the German historical school and studies of the Industrial Revolution in England, it became professionally differentiated from economics proper with the establishment of associations in Britain (1926) and the United States (1941). As economics continued on its increasingly mathematical and ahistorical path in the 1960s, the ‘new economic history’ advocated applying theory to history. But its emphasis on data analysis retained a bridge to older traditions. As economists have rediscovered an interest in long-term economic growth, often applying traditional institutional approaches, there is continuing evidence of rapprochement.
Phosphoprotein analysis: from proteins to proteomes. (2006)

Characterization of protein modification by phosphorylation is one of the major tasks that have to be accomplished in the post-genomic era. Phosphorylation is a key reversible modification occurring mainly on serine, threonine and tyrosine residues that can regulate enzymatic activity, subcellular localization, complex formation and degradation of proteins. The understanding of the regulatory role played by phosphorylation begins with the discovery and identification of phosphoproteins and then by determining how, where and when these phosphorylation events take place. Because phosphorylation is a dynamic process difficult to quantify, we must at first acquire an inventory of phosphoproteins and characterize their phosphorylation sites. Several experimental strategies can be used to explore the phosphorylation status of proteins from individual moieties to phosphoproteomes. In this review, we will examine and catalogue how proteomics techniques can be used to answer specific questions related to protein phosphorylation. Hence, we will discuss the different methods for enrichment of phospho-proteins and -peptides, and then the various technologies for their identification, quantitation and validation.
Pinhole-Free and Surface-Nanostructured NiO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Film by Room-Temperature Solution Process for High-Performance Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Good Stability and Reproducibility (2015)

Recently, researchers have focused on the design of highly efficient flexible perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), which enables the implementation of portable and roll-to-roll fabrication in large scale. While NiOx is a promising material for hole transport layer (HTL) candidate for fabricating efficient PVSCs on a rigid substrate, the reported NiOx HTLs are formed using different multistep treatments (such as 300-500 °C annealing, O2-plasma, UVO, etc.), which hinders the development of flexible PVSCs based on NiOx. Meanwhile, the features of nanostructured morphology and flawless film quality are very important for the film to function as highly effective HTL of PVSCs. However, it is difficult to have the two features coexist natively, particularly in a solution process that flawless film will usually come with smooth morphology. Here, we demonstrate the flawless and surface-nanostructured NiOx film from a simple and controllable room-temperature solution process for achieving high performance flexible PVSCs with good stability and reproducibility. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) can reaches a promising value of 14.53% with no obvious hysteresis (and a high PCE of 17.60% for PVSC on ITO glass). Furthermore, the NiOx-based PVSCs show markedly improved air stability. Regarding the performance improvement, the flawless and surface-nanostructured NiOx film can make the interfacial recombination and monomolecular Shockley-Read-Hall recombination of PVSC reduce. In addition, the formation of an intimate junction of large interfacial area at NiOx film/the perovskite layer improve the hole extraction and thus PVSC performances. This work contributes to the evolution of flexible PVSCs with simple fabrication process and high device performances.
Quenching rate coefficients for N2(<i>a</i>′ 1Σ−<i>u</i>) (1987)

We have studied the kinetics of the lowest excited singlet state of molecular nitrogen, N2(a′ 1Σ−u,v=0), in a discharge flow reactor. The metastables were generated in a hollow cathode dc discharge through molecular nitrogen highly diluted in argon, and detected by VUV flourescence of the forbidden N2(a′ 1Σ−u–X 1Σ+g) band system. Observations of the equilibrium between the N2(a 1Πg) and N2(a′ 1Σ−u) states in our reactor indicate that the metastable has a radiative lifetime ≳23+11−6ms, assuming a radiative lifetime of 80+40−20μs for N2(a 1Πg). Rate coefficients for quenching by NO, CH4, CO, and N2O are approximately gas kinetic, those by H2, O2, and CO2 roughly tenth gas kinetic, and that by molecular nitrogen (1.9±0.5)×10−13 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The interaction between N2(a′) and CO produced CO(A 1Π–X 1Σ) emission in about 21+10−8% of the quenching events.
Mixed symbolic representations for model checking software programs (2006)

We present an efficient symbolic search algorithm for software model checking. The algorithm combines multiple symbolic representations to efficiently represent the transition relation and reachable states and uses a combination of decision procedures for Boolean and integer representations. Our main contributions include: (1) mixed symbolic representations to model C programs with rich data types and complex expressions; and (2) new symbolic search strategies and optimization techniques specific to sequential programs that can significantly improve the scalability of model checking algorithms. Our controlled experiments on real-world software programs show that the new symbolic search algorithm can achieve several orders-of-magnitude improvements over existing methods. The proposed techniques are extremely competitive in handling sequential models of non-trivial sizes, and also compare favorably to popular Boolean-level model checking algorithms based on BDDs and SAT
A similarity graph-based approach to declustering problems and its application towards parallelizing grid files (2002)

We propose a new similarity-based technique for declustering data. The proposed method can adapt to available information about query distributions, data distributions, data sizes and partition-size constraints. The method is based on max-cut partitioning of a similarity graph defined over the given set of data, under constraints on the partition sizes. It maximizes the chances that a pair of data-items that are to be accessed together by queries are allocated to distinct disks. We show that the proposed method can achieve optimal speed-up for a query-set, if there exists any other declustering method which will achieve the optimal speed-up. Experiments in parallelizing grid files show that the proposed method outperforms mapping-function-based methods for interesting query distributions as well for non-uniform data distributions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
HiFi-GAN: Generative Adversarial Networks for Efficient and High Fidelity Speech Synthesis (2020)

Several recent work on speech synthesis have employed generative adversarial networks (GANs) to produce raw waveforms. Although such methods improve the sampling efficiency and memory usage, their sample quality has not yet reached that of autoregressive and flow-based generative models. In this work, we propose HiFi-GAN, which achieves both efficient and high-fidelity speech synthesis. As speech audio consists of sinusoidal signals with various periods, we demonstrate that modeling periodic patterns of an audio is crucial for enhancing sample quality. A subjective human evaluation (mean opinion score, MOS) of a single speaker dataset indicates that our proposed method demonstrates similarity to human quality while generating 22.05 kHz high-fidelity audio 167.9 times faster than real-time on a single V100 GPU. We further show the generality of HiFi-GAN to the mel-spectrogram inversion of unseen speakers and end-to-end speech synthesis. Finally, a small footprint version of HiFi-GAN generates samples 13.4 times faster than real-time on CPU with comparable quality to an autoregressive counterpart.
An expert system for power system security control (2003)

The authors describe an expert system which assists the security control of an electric power system. The expert system first judges the power system operating conditions based on its voltage profile and line flow patterns and then displays possible control actions to be chosen by operators. The salient features of this expert system are: (1) power system components are expressed by frames with a hierarchical structure; (2) production rules are grouped according to system states for efficient inference; and (3) conventional FORTRAN software is effectively incorporated into the expert system. The proposed production-rule classification has enabled easy addition and/or modification of knowledge bases.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dual‐slice spiral versus single‐slice spiral scanning: Comparison of the physical performance of two computed tomography scanners (1996)

In this paper we deal with two types of spiral scanners; one is a single-slice spiral scanner, while the other employs dual-slice technology into spiral scanning. Physical performance parameters, including image noise, contrast resolution, spatial resolution (transversal and longitudinal), and radiation exposure are measured. Computer simulations based on two interpolation methods (180 degrees and 360 degrees linear interpolation) are also used in evaluating the slice-sensitivity profile (SSP) and noise. The results show that the noise behaves in the same way for both types of scanners. The noise change, relative to that of the standard scan with the same scanning parameters, depends solely on the interpolation algorithm. Table speed and scanner geometry (either single slice or dual slice) have no effect on the noise value. For the given table speed, as well as individual detector collimation (slice width) the dual-slice scan results in better longitudinal resolution (SSP) compared to a single-slice scan if the scan is obtained with nonoverlapping slices (pitch greater than 2). This is because the dual-slice scan obtains twice the number of nonoverlapped projections for the same length, which reduces the degradation of the slice profile by using more densely arranged projections (in the longitudinal direction) for the interpolation. In the dual-slice scanner the workable scan rate is extended up to pitch 4 compared to a pitch of 2 for the single-slice scanner. Therefore, the dual-slice spiral scanner is preferred in applications requiring an increased scan rate with comparative image quality.
Novel 3D memory-centric NoC architecture for transaction-based SoC applications (2011)

Large and complex system-on-chip devices consisting of many processor cores, accelerators, DSP functions and many other processing and memory elements are becoming common in the semiconductor industry nowadays. To communicate, these processing and memory elements need to have a network-on-chip (NoC) that is scalable enough to support large number of elements and large bandwidth among other requirements. This paper evaluates the performance of the 2D memory-centric NoC architecture from throughput and latency perspective versus the Mesh topology. We also propose a memory-centric architecture that takes advantage of developments in 3D integration technologies. The advantages of 3D memory-centric NoCs from physical design, performance and manufacturing points of view are discussed. The proposed architecture is based on a shared-memory pool that is suitable for transaction-based applications. Also, as the crossbar is a critical component in the memory-shared NoC, special 3D crossbar architecture has been proposed.
Olfaction-Inspired Sensing Using a Sensor System with Molecular Recognition and Optimal Classification Ability for Comprehensive Detection of Gases (2014)

In this study, we examined the comprehensive detection of numerous volatile molecules based on the olfactory information constructed by using olfaction-inspired sensor technology. The sensor system can simultaneously detect multiple odors by the separation and condensation ability of molecularly imprinted filtering adsorbents (MIFAs), where a MIP filter with a molecular sieve was deposited on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The adsorption properties of MIFAs were evaluated using the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results demonstrated that the system embedded with MIFAs possesses high sensitivity and specific selectivity. The digitization and comprehensive classification of odors were accomplished by using artificial odor maps constructed through this system.
An adaptive optical sensor (2002)

We propose an adaptive optical sensor circuit performing a linear incident-light-to-voltage conversion using the channel-length-modulation effect. The sensitivity of the sensor adapts automatically to the signal level, so that a dynamic range of six decades is reachable. The process of the conversion does not involve any current integration. No multiple clocks are required in the operation. The circuit does not involve any linear devices. The circuit can be, therefore, implemented densely in silicon using a single-poly technology. Moreover, the development of deep-sub-micron technology favors the design and implementation of the sensor circuit.
Op-amp swing reduction in sigma-delta modulators (2004)

An integrator's output swing reduction technique without deteriorating the SNR of a sigma-delta modulator is proposed. The structure uses input feed-forward signals and, for digital feed-forward, an additional extra quantizer. The swing of each integrator goes down by 85%. Moreover, the proposed structure reduces the influence of the harmonic distortion coming from the op-amp nonlinearity. Detailed analysis and various simulation results verify the operation of the method.
APH-1 Interacts with Mature and Immature Forms of Presenilins and Nicastrin and May Play a Role in Maturation of Presenilin·Nicastrin Complexes (2003)

APH-1 and PEN-2 genes modulate the function of nicastrin and the presenilins in Caenorhabditis elegans. Preliminary studies in transfected mammalian cells overexpressing tagged APH-1 proteins suggest that this genetic interaction is mediated by a direct physical interaction. Using the APH-1 protein encoded on human chromosome 1 (APH-1(1)L; also known as APH-1a) as an archetype, we report here that endogenous forms of APH-1 are predominantly expressed in intracellular membrane compartments, including the endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi. APH-1 proteins directly interact with immature and mature forms of the presenilins and nicastrin within high molecular weight complexes that display gamma- and epsilon-secretase activity. Indeed APH-1 proteins can bind to the nicastrin delta312-369 loss of function mutant, which does not undergo glycosylation maturation and is not trafficking beyond the endoplasmic reticulum. The levels of expression of endogenous APH-1(1)L can be suppressed by overexpression of any other members of the APH-1 family, suggesting that their abundance is coordinately regulated. Finally, although the absence of APH-1 destabilizes the presenilins, in contrast to nicastrin and PEN-2, APH-1 itself is only modestly destabilized in cells lacking functional expression of presenilin 1 or presenilin 2. Taken together, our data suggest that APH-1 proteins, and APH-1(1) in particular, may have a role in the initial assembly and maturation of presenilin.nicastrin complexes.
A novel DNA joining activity catalyzed by T4 DNA ligase (1991)

The use of T4 and E. coli DNA ligases in genetic engineering technology is usually associated with nick-closing activity in double stranded DNA or ligation of 'sticky-ends' to produce recombinant DNA molecules. We describe in this communication the ability of T4 DNA ligase to catalyze intramolecular loop formation between annealed oligodeoxyribonucleotides wherein Watson-Crick base pairing is absent on one side of the ligation site. Enzyme concentration, loop size, substrate specificity, and base composition were explored in an effort to maximize yield. Amounts of T4 DNA ligase in large molar excess to DNA template and ligated product are necessary to achieve high yields.
Supramolecular Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Materials with Nematic Mesophase Based on Methylated Hyperbranched Polyethylenimine and Mesogenic Carboxylic Acid (2005)

Abstract Summary: Supramolecular interaction of fully methylated hyperbranched polyethylenimines (PEI) with a mesogen‐based carboxylic acid, 5‐( p ‐cyanobiphenoxy)pentanoic acid, results in the formation of supramolecular complexes exhibiting thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) mesophases. In contrast to the common smectic mesophases of most dendritic LC polymers, nematic LC phases were observed. The complexation of PEI and the mesogen units is due to electrostatic interaction between the carboxylate groups and the ammonium end groups of PEI. LC properties were investigated by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing light optical microscopy, and X‐ray diffractometry. Schematic illustration of the supramolecular assembly of CBPA with PEIMe backbone. magnified image Schematic illustration of the supramolecular assembly of CBPA with PEIMe backbone.