gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recognition of DNA by Octahedral Coordination Complexes (1996)

Strategies for the site-specific recognition of DNA are described through the design of a family of octahedral metallointercalating complexes. Coordination complexes, which mimic DNA-binding proteins with regard to their affinity and specificity for DNA sites, may be prepared by the specific functionalization of chiral metal complexes so as to achieve the ensemble of non-covalent contacts in the DNA major groove anchored through intercalation.
Additive manufacturing for <i>in situ</i> repair of osteochondral defects (2010)

Tissue engineering holds great promise for injury repair and replacement of defective body parts. While a number of techniques exist for creating living biological constructs in vitro, none have been demonstrated for in situ repair. Using novel geometric feedback-based approaches and through development of appropriate printing-material combinations, we demonstrate the in situ repair of both chondral and osteochondral defects that mimic naturally occurring pathologies. A calf femur was mounted in a custom jig and held within a robocasting-based additive manufacturing (AM) system. Two defects were induced: one a cartilage-only representation of a grade IV chondral lesion and the other a two-material bone and cartilage fracture of the femoral condyle. Alginate hydrogel was used for the repair of cartilage; a novel formulation of demineralized bone matrix was used for bone repair. Repair prints for both defects had mean surface errors less than 0.1 mm. For the chondral defect, 42.8+/-2.6% of the surface points had errors that were within a clinically acceptable error range; however, with 1 mm path planning shift, an estimated approximately 75% of surface points could likely fall within the benchmark envelope. For the osteochondral defect, 83.6+/-2.7% of surface points had errors that were within clinically acceptable limits. In addition to implications for minimally invasive AM-based clinical treatments, these proof-of-concept prints are some of the only in situ demonstrations to-date, wherein the substrate geometry was unknown a priori. The work presented herein demonstrates in situ AM, suggests potential biomedical applications and also explores in situ-specific issues, including geometric feedback, material selection and novel path planning techniques.
Kinetic properties of the glucose‐6‐phosphate and 6 phosphogluconate dehydrogenases from <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> and their application for predicting pentose phosphate pathway flux <i>in vivo</i> (2000)

The glucose-6-phosphate (Glc6P) and 6-phosphogluconate (6PG) dehydrogenases of the amino-acid-producing bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum were purified to homogeneity and kinetically characterized. The Glc6P dehydrogenase was a heteromultimeric complex, which consists of Zwf and OpcA subunits. The product inhibition pattern of the Glc6P dehydrogenase was consistent with an ordered bi-bi mechanism. The 6PG dehydrogenase was found to operate according to a Theorell-Chance ordered bi-ter mechanism. Both enzymes were inhibited by NADPH and the 6PG dehydrogenase additionally by ATP, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru1,6P2), D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (Gra3P), erythrose 4-phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate (Rib5P). The inhibition by NADPH was considered to be most important, with inhibition constants of around 25 microM for both enzymes. Intracellular metabolite concentrations were determined in two isogenic strains of C. glutamicum with plasmid-encoded NAD- and NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogenases. NADP+ and NADPH levels were between 130 microM and 290 microM, which is very much higher than the respective Km and Ki values. The Glc6P concentration was around 500 microM in both strains. The in vivo fluxes through the oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway calculated on the basis of intracellular metabolite concentrations and the kinetic constants of the purified enzymes determined in vitro were in agreement with the same fluxes determined by NMR after 13C-labelling. From the derived kinetic model thus validated, it is concluded that the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in C. glutamicum is mainly regulated by the ratio of NADPH and NADP+ concentrations and the specific enzyme activities of both dehydrogenases.
Resonant Optical Interactions with Molecules Confined in Photonic Band-Gap Fibers (2005)

We investigate resonant nonlinear optical interactions and demonstrate induced transparency in acetylene molecules in a hollow-core photonic-band-gap fiber at 1.5 mum. The induced spectral transmission window is used to demonstrate slow-light effects, and we show that the observed broadening of the spectral features is due to collisions of the molecules with the inner walls of the fiber core. Our results illustrate that such fibers can be used to facilitate strong coherent light-matter interactions even when the optical response of the individual molecules is weak.
Progress in fabrication of second generation high temperature superconducting tape at Shanghai Superconductor Technology (2019)

Abstract The development and application of second generation high temperature superconducting (2G-HTS) tapes have attracted much attention in China recently. Progress in upscaling high performance 2G-HTS tape production at Shanghai Superconductor Technology (SST) is reported in this paper. With ion beam assisted deposition, biaxially textured buffer layers with a configuration of CeO 2 /LaMnO 3 /MgO/Y 2 O 3 /Al 2 O 3 /C-276 have successfully been fabricated. In-plane and out-of-plane texture degrees of CeO 2 films achieve 2°–4° and 2°, respectively. A multi-plume multi-turn pulsed laser deposition (PLD) system combined with the so-called ‘radiation assisted conductive heater’ has been proposed and further developed for REBCO layer deposition. Our effort was focused on minimizing the temperature variations in the deposition region by modifying the heating shield that assists the conductive heater of the drum-like cylinder. A tape travelling speed of 100–180 m h −1 can be achieved with a steady temperature profile when passing through the deposition zone, which is very beneficial for the growth of the REBCO layer. Taking advantage of the liquid phase growth mode, several compositions of superconducting films with a thickness in the range of 1–2.5 μ m have been grown with high growth rates of over 40 nm s −1 . Furthermore, the microstructures and superconducting performance were investigated in detail. Based on these studies, superconducting tapes with piece lengths of up to 500 meters have been developed. High I c values at 77 K, self-field (over 520 A cm −1 width) or at low temperature, high magnetic field conditions (over 560 A/4 mm width at 4.2 K, 10 T, perpendicular field) have been achieved. Lamination and jointing techniques have also been developed by SST for power and magnet applications.
An alternative design approach for multi-feed spatial power combining reflectarray antenna (2017)

Spatial power combining provides a viable solution at RF power levels not achievable at the circuit level. Recently, reflectarray antennas with multiple feeds have been investigated as an alternative means of spatial power combining. In these designs, the required phases of the reflectarray elements are derived via a total reflected field formulation [1]. However, a numerical optimization routine is required to derive these phases. In this paper, we propose a more efficient formulation for the phase derivation. In contrast to the total reflected field formulation in [1], we used the total incident field formulation to derive the required phases. In this new approach, the required phases can be computed in closed form without the need for any numerical scheme, making it highly efficient especially when the number of elements is large (usually in the thousands). For verification, the new formulation is applied to design two dual-feed spatial power combining reflectarray antennas. Both reflectarray antennas are modelled and simulated using a full-wave solver. For the first reflectarray antenna, its simulated results are in general agreement with those of [1]. For the second reflectarray antenna, it has been fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results. Thus, we verified the new and numerically more efficient formulation.
Mitochondrial Cytochrome P450 (1974)

Abstract A novel method employing the direct reduction of cytochrome oxidase in the presence of antimycin A has provided the means to reveal the presence of cytochrome P450 in chick kidney mitochondria as characterized by the carbon monoxide difference spectrum. This mitochondrial pigment has been found to have properties distinctly different from that of the kidney microsomal cytochrome P450. The mitochondrial content of cytochrome P450 has been found to be about 0.20 nmole per mg of protein. Reconstitution studies with the solubilized cytochrome have indicated that this carbon monoxide-binding hemoprotein is involved in the activity of the renal 25-hydroxycholecalciferol-1α-hydroxylase. The reconstitution required an added flavoprotein and iron-sulfur protein, as well as NADPH and the solubilized hemoprotein. Kinetic experiments on the competitive inhibition of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol-1α-hydroxylase activity of intact mitochondria by metyrapone and aminoglutethimide have shown that the inhibition constants, Ki, for the drugs are 1.6 x 10-4 m and 1.1 x 10-3 m, respectively. The spectral dissociation constants, Ks, for metyrapone and aminoglutethimide as determined from difference spectra are 1.4 x 10-4 m and 4.5 x 10-4 m, respectively. The microsomal spectral dissociation constant for metyrapone is 3.3 x 10-5 m. The similarity between the mitochondrial Ki and Ks values for metyrapone clearly indicates that the extent of the observed mitochondrial 1α-hydroxylase inhibition is a function of the amount of metyrapone bound to cytochrome P450. The kinetic data and the reconstitution studies have substantiated the role of the kidney mitochondrial cytochrome P450 as a terminal oxidase in the 1α hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol.
A hybrid approach to music playlist continuation based on playlist-song membership (2018)

Automated music playlist continuation is a common task of music recommender systems, that generally consists in providing a fitting extension to a given playlist. Collaborative filtering models, that extract abstract patterns from curated music playlists, tend to provide better playlist continuations than content-based approaches. However, pure collaborative filtering models have at least one of the following limitations: (1) they can only extend playlists profiled at training time; (2) they misrepresent songs that occur in very few playlists. We introduce a novel hybrid playlist continuation model based on what we name "playlist-song membership," that is, whether a given playlist and a given song fit together. The proposed model regards any playlist-song pair exclusively in terms of feature vectors. In light of this information, and after having been trained on a collection of labeled playlist-song pairs, the proposed model decides whether a playlist-song pair fits together or not. Experimental results on two datasets of curated music playlists show that the proposed playlist continuation model compares to a state-of-the-art collaborative filtering model in the ideal situation of extending playlists profiled at training time and where songs occurred frequently in training playlists. In contrast to the collaborative filtering model, and as a result of its general understanding of the playlist-song pairs in terms of feature vectors, the proposed model is additionally able to (1) extend non-profiled playlists and (2) recommend songs that occurred seldom or never in training playlists.
The <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Lipoprotein SitC Colocalizes with Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) in Murine Keratinocytes and Elicits Intracellular TLR2 Accumulation (2010)

SitC is one of the predominant lipoproteins in Staphylococcus aureus. Recently, SitC was shown to be capable of stimulating Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), but the mechanism of TLR2 activation by SitC has not been analyzed in detail so far. In this study, we purified C-terminally His-tagged SitC (SitC-His) from Staphylococcus aureus. SitC-His induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) release in human monocytes and also NF-κB activation in TLR2-transfected HEK293 cells, indicating TLR2-specific activation. SitC not only induced a TLR2-dependent release of IL-6 in primary murine keratinocytes (MKs) but also induced intracellular accumulation of TLR2, which was time and concentration dependent. Cy2-labeled SitC-His colocalized specifically with TLR2 in MKs and was also internalized in TLR2 knockout MKs, suggesting a TLR2-independent uptake. Neither activation nor colocalization of SitC-His was observed with TLR4 or Nod2. The results show that the native lipoprotein SitC-His specifically colocalizes with TLR2, is internalized by host cells, induces proinflammatory cytokines, and triggers intracellular accumulation of TLR2.
Electrically Controllable Domains in Nematic Liquid Crystals (1971)

It is reported here that it was observed that in suitable nematic liquid crystals in very thin sandwich cells from the threshold of domain formation up to the highest practicable field strength, the inverse domain width is proportional to the applied dc electric field, while dynamic scattering does not occur. Since such a cell performs as an electrically controllable optical grating which can be made to have very high diffraction efficiency, this effect may also be of practical interest.
Electric Propulsion With the Sensorless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor: Model and Approach (2005)

In this paper, a rotor position estimator for the sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is developed. The proposed approach exploits the time-scale separation between the electrical and mechanical time constant of the PMSM to formulate a linear observer. The observer produces accurate rotor angle estimates in steady-state and transient, and is attractive for electric propulsion applications due to its independence from mechanical parameters such as load torque, inertia, and friction. The sensorless strategy is well-suited to the nonsaturating slotless PMSM, but the demonstrated robustness of the observer to modeling uncertainties allows for application to slotted construction as well. Experiments are conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Study on Ceramsite (2011)

Ceramiste, a lightweight aggregate(LWA), has large numbers advantages: high strength, thermal insulation, anti-seismic and so on. The earliest ceramiste development happened in America, and then widely used in the developed countries, all that most used for buildings and bridges. However the ceramsite research was soon after the foundation of the PRC, and quickly developed around the end of the 1970s. Now ceramsite with high strength and high performance has produced all over word. Personally investigating, with the situation of the detailed technological process of clay-ceramisite and pictures, and there are some most important notices among the production. With great performance, ceramiste is widely used in some catagories, such as insulation concrete, great fillers for filtration ponds and planting.
ChemInform Abstract: Small‐Pore Molecular Sieves SAPO‐34 and SAPO‐44 with Chabazite Structure: A Study of Silicon Incorporation. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of IS476 and its role in bacterial spot disease of tomato and pepper (1990)

IS476 is an endogenous insertion sequence present in copper-tolerant strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. Sequence analysis has revealed that the element is 1,225 base pairs in length, has 26-base-pair inverted repeats, and causes a 4-base-pair target site duplication upon insertion into the avirulence gene avrBs1. Comparison of the full-length sequence with sequences in the National Biomedical Research Foundation and National Institutes of Health data bases showed that one of the predicted IS476 proteins is partially homologous to the putative transposase of IS3 from Escherichia coli, and the inverted repeats of IS476 have significant homology to the inverted repeats of the IS51 insertion sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi. A transposition assay based on the insertional inactivation of the sacRB locus of Bacillus subtilis was used to demonstrate that one of the three copies of IS476 residing on the 200-kilobase copper plasmid pXVCU1 is capable of transposition in several strains of Xanthomonas campestris. The position of IS476 insertion in several avrBs1 mutants was established and was shown to influence both induction of hypersensitivity and bacterial growth in planta.
Effects of Curcumin on Glycemic Control and Lipid Profile in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis (2021)

The therapeutic effects of curcumin for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remain inconclusive. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of curcumin on glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with PCOS. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched from the inception through 28 November 2020. Randomized control trials (RCTs), which enrolled adult patients with PCOS, compared curcumin with placebo regarding the glycemic control and lipid profile, and reported sufficient information for performing meta-analysis, were included. Three RCTs were included. Curcumin significantly improves fasting glucose (mean difference (MD): −2.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): −4.16 to −1.38), fasting insulin (MD: −1.33, 95% CI: −2.18 to −0.49), Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD: −0.32, 95% CI: −0.52 to −0.12), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (MD: 0.010, 95% CI: 0.003–0.018). It also significantly improves high-density lipoprotein (MD: 1.92, 95% CI: 0.33–3.51) and total cholesterol (MD: −12.45, 95% CI: −22.05 to −2.85). In contrast, there is no statistically significant difference in the improvement in low-density lipoprotein (MD: −6.02, 95% CI: −26.66 to 14.62) and triglyceride (MD: 8.22, 95% CI: −26.10 to 42.53) between curcumin and placebo. The results of the fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, and total cholesterol are conclusive as indicated by the trial sequential analysis. Curcumin may improve glycemic control and lipid metabolism in patients with PCOS and metabolic abnormality without significant adverse effects. Further studies are advocated to investigate the potential effects of curcumin on hyperandrogenism.
From linear story generation to branching story graphs (2006)

Narrative intelligence refers to the ability - human or computer - to organize experience into narrative. Recently, researchers have applied narrative intelligence to create interactive narrative systems, virtual worlds in which a story unfolds and the user is considered a character in the story, able to interact with elements and other characters in the virtual world. The standard approach to incorporating storytelling into a computer system is to script a story at design time. However, this approach limits the computer system's ability to adapt to the user's preferences and abilities. The alternative approach is to generate stories dynamically or on a per-session basis (one story per time the system is engaged). Narrative generation is a process that involves the selection, ordering, and presentation through discourse of narrative content. A system that can generate stories can adapt narrative to the user's preferences and abilities, has expanded replay value, and can interact with users in ways that system designers didn't initially envision
Eutectic Electrolytes for High-Energy-Density Redox Flow Batteries (2018)

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have attracted immense research interests as one of the most promising energy storage devices for grid-scale energy storage. However, designing cost-effective systems with high energy and power density as well as long cycle life is still a big challenge for the development of RFBs. Eutectic electrolytes as a novel class of electrolytes have been recently explored to enhance the energy density of RFBs as they offer advantageous features such as low cost, ease of preparation, and tunable high concentration of active materials. In this Perspective, we present an overview of recent progress of eutectic electrolyte-based RFBs and highlight the development of understanding the working mechanism and related coordination chemistry. The challenges and potential research opportunities of eutectic electrolytes for RFBs are also discussed.
Resins, Synthetic (2011)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Definition 2. Hydrocarbon Resins 2.1. Classification 2.2. Raw Materials 2.2.1. Indene–Coumarone Feedstocks 2.2.2. Petroleum Resin Feedstocks 2.3. Production 2.4. General Properties 2.5. Characterization and Analysis 2.6. Resin Types 2.6.1. Aliphatic Hydrocarbon Resins 2.6.2. Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resins 2.6.3. Terpene Resins 2.6.4. Resins from Pure Monomers 2.6.5. Modified Resins 2.7. Uses 2.8. Economic Aspects 3. Resins by Condensation 3.1. Furan Resins 3.1.1. Monomers 3.1.2. Production — Characteristics 3.1.3. Uses 3.2. Ketone and Aldehyde Resins 3.2.1. Resins from Aliphatic–Aromatic Ketones 3.2.1.1. Acetophenone–Formaldehyde Resins 3.2.1.2. Modified Acetophenone Resins 3.2.2. Resins from Aliphatic Ketones 3.2.2.1. Methyl Ethyl Ketone–Formaldehyde Resins 3.2.2.2. Acetone–Formaldehyde Resins 3.2.2.3. Cyclohexanone Resins 3.2.2.4. Cyclohexanone–Formaldehyde Resins 3.2.3. Aldehyde Resins 3.3. Polyamide Resins 3.3.1. Physical and Chemical Properties 3.3.2. Raw Materials 3.3.3. Production 3.3.4. Quality and Analysis 3.3.5. Storage 3.3.6. Uses 3.3.7. Producers, Trade Names 4. Natural and Synthetic Resins — Toxicology and Legislation 4.1. Toxicology 4.1.1. Rosins and Their Derivatives 4.1.2. Hydrocarbon Resins 4.1.3. Polyamide Resins 4.2. Legal Aspects
Immune consequences of penfluridol treatment associated with inhibition of glioblastoma tumor growth (2017)

Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal brain tumor associated with only 12% median survival rate of patients. Despite the development of advanced surgical, radiation or use of combinations of anti-cancer drugs, treatment for glioblastoma patients is still a challenge. The major contributing factor in glioblastoma progression and resistive nature is its ability to evade the immune surveillance. Hence, modulating the immune system in glioblastoma tumors could be an important strategy for anticancer therapeutics. Penfluridol, an antipsychotic drug has been shown to have anti-cancer properties in our recently published studies. The present study evaluates the immune response of penfluridol in glioblastoma tumors. Our results demonstrated that penfluridol treatment significantly suppressed glioblastoma tumor growth. Our current results demonstrated about 72% suppression of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with penfluridol treatment in mouse bearing U87MG glioblastoma tumors. MDSCs are known to increase regulatory T cells (Treg), which are immunosuppressive in nature and suppresses M1 macrophages that are tumor suppressive in nature. Our results also showed suppression of regulatory T cells as well as elevation of M1 macrophages with penfluridol treatment by 58% and 57% respectively. Decrease in CCL4 as well as IFNγ with penfluridol treatment was also observed indicating decrease in overall tumor inflammation. This is the first report demonstrating immune modulations by penfluridol treatment associated with glioblastoma tumor growth suppression prompting further investigation to establish penfluridol as a treatment option for glioblastoma patients.