gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon-Coated Lithium Transition Metal Phosphates LiMPO[sub 4] (M=Fe, Mn, Co, Ni) Prepared via a Nonaqueous Sol-Gel Route (2006)

An organic solvent-based sol-gel method has been utilized for the synthesis of lithium transition metal phosphates. With this simple and versatile method, particles with sub- size and uniform size distribution are obtained for all the (, Mn, Co, Ni) materials investigated. Homogeneous in situ carbon coating of a few weight percent is achieved with all of them, except , where the in situ carbon coating is only 0.6 wt %. The best-performing as-prepared , with in situ surface carbon coating of 1.8 wt %, achieves an electronic conductivity on the order of and exhibits highly promising electrochemical performance, with only slight dependence on the carbon content of the composite electrode in certain range. Carbon-coated samples prepared at lower temperatures exhibit lower electronic conductivity, evidently due to lower specific conductivity of the surface carbon. The dependence of the morphology and electrochemical performance of the synthesized on the precursor concentration and the aging time of the gel is investigated. The results also yield information for understanding of the mechanisms of the sol-gel synthesis process, which are discussed. Electrochemical performance of the carbon-coated and was tested and discussed.
Center-piece subgraphs (2006)

Given Q nodes in a social network (say, authorship network), how can we find the node/author that is the center-piece, and has direct or indirect connections to all, or most of them? For example, this node could be the common advisor, or someone who started the research area that the Q nodes belong to. Isomorphic scenarios appear in law enforcement (find the master-mind criminal, connected to all current suspects), gene regulatory networks (find the protein that participates in pathways with all or most of the given Q proteins), viral marketing and many more.Connection subgraphs is an important first step, handling the case of Q=2 query nodes. Then, the connection subgraph algorithm finds the b intermediate nodes, that provide a good connection between the two original query nodes.Here we generalize the challenge in multiple dimensions: First, we allow more than two query nodes. Second, we allow a whole family of queries, ranging from 'OR' to 'AND', with 'softAND' in-between. Finally, we design and compare a fast approximation, and study the quality/speed trade-off.We also present experiments on the DBLP dataset. The experiments confirm that our proposed method naturally deals with multi-source queries and that the resulting subgraphs agree with our intuition. Wall-clock timing results on the DBLP dataset show that our proposed approximation achieve good accuracy for about 6:1 speedup.
Pint-sized military UAV engine's tele-adjusting arm based on force feedback (2010)

Based on the demand for security of pint-sized UAV engine's adjustment, this paper studied a UAV engine's remote control adjusting arm. The position differential signal of the master adjusting device and slave executive component was used to control the slave manipulator. The force differential signal of the slave executive component and the master adjusting device was used to drive the master manipulator. The results indicate that this new control strategy improved the response speed of the master-slave control system with clear-cut signal. The wireless communication module with PTR2000 as the core is offered. With the compact structure and the high reliability,it is very suited to field operation of military UAV.
A new strategic concept for NATO (2009)

NATO (The North Atlantic Treaty Organization) – OTAN (Organisation du Traité de l’Atlantique Nord) has been, since its estabslishment, oustandingly receptive to the international security environment developments and has always altered its strategy and strategic concepts in order to meet the afferent challenges, with an emphasis on its purely defensive character. The most favorable moment of this kind have been its summits: Rome (1991), Washington (1999) and Lisbon (2010), on which our paper will focus. The greats mutations in the last decade have called for the creation of the new strategic concept NATO 2010, developed in the Lisbon summit declaration of 19-20 November 2010.
Accumulation of rifampicin by Mycobacterium aurum, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2000)

The characteristics of the accumulation of 2 mg/L [(14)C]rifampicin by wild-type strains of Mycobacterium aurum (A(+)), Mycobacterium smegmatis (mc(2)155) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv) were determined. After 10 min exposure M. aurum had accumulated 220 ng rifampicin/mg cells, M. smegmatis had accumulated 120 ng rifampicin/mg cells and M. tuberculosis had accumulated 154 ng rifampicin/mg cells. A steady-state concentration (SSC) of rifampicin was accumulated rapidly by M. aurum and M. tuberculosis within minutes of drug exposure, unlike M. smegmatis, which accumulated rifampicin more slowly. With an increase in the concentration of rifampicin from 0.12 mg/L to 2 mg/L there was an increase in the concentration of rifampicin accumulated by M. tuberculosis, with no detectable loss of viability over the 20 min of the accumulation experiment. With an increase in temperature there was also an increase in the concentration of rifampicin accumulated by M. tuberculosis; between 15 and 30 degrees C the increase was linear. For all three species sub-inhibitory concentrations of ethambutol increased the concentration of rifampicin accumulated. However, both growth and accumulation of rifampicin were lower in the presence of 0.05% Tween 80. Accumulation of rifampicin by M. smegmatis was unaffected by the presence of the proton motive force inhibitor, 2,4-dinitrophenol (1 mM), whether added before or after the addition of rifampicin to the mycobacterial culture. For all three species, the Gram-positive bacterial efflux inhibitor reserpine (20 mg/L) slightly increased the SSC of rifampicin, but the increase was not statistically significant. Addition of glucose to energize a putative efflux pump had little effect on the accumulation of rifampicin in the presence or absence of reserpine for M. tuberculosis; however, for M. aurum and M. smegmatis the reserpine effect was abolished by the addition of glucose. These data suggest that rifampicin may be removed from wild-type mycobacteria by efflux, but that the pump(s) is expressed at low level.
Aperture fields of paraboloidal reflectors by stereographic mapping of feed polarization (1970)

For any paraboloidal reflector operating in a focused condition, the aperture-field orientation may be obtained by first stereographically mapping the feed-polarization pattern and then overlaying the paraboloid aperture on the projection. Examples shown are for electric and magnetic dipoles, and Huygens source feeds pointed at central and offset sections of the paraboloidal reflector.
Biochemical and <i>in Vivo</i> Characterization of a Small, Membrane-Permeant, Caspase-Activatable Far-Red Fluorescent Peptide for Imaging Apoptosis (2007)

Apoptosis is an important process involved in diverse developmental pathways, homeostasis, and response to therapy for a variety of diseases. Thus, noninvasive methods to study regulation and to monitor cell death in cells and whole animals are desired. To specifically detect apoptosis in vivo, a novel cell-permeable activatable caspase substrate, TcapQ647, was synthesized and Km, kcat, and Ki values were biochemically characterized. Specific cleavage of TcapQ647 by effector caspases was demonstrated using a panel of purified recombinant enzyme assays. Of note, caspase 3 was shown to cleave TcapQ647 with a kcat 7-fold greater than caspase 7 and 16-fold greater than caspase 6. No evidence of TcapQ647 cleavage by initiator caspases was observed. In KB 3-1 or Jurkat cells treated with cytotoxic agents or C6-ceramide, TcapQ647 detected apoptosis in individual- and population-based fluorescent cell assays in an effector caspase inhibitor-specific manner. Further, only background fluorescence was observed in cells incubated with dTcapQ647, a noncleavable all d-amino acid control peptide. Finally, in vivo experiments demonstrated the utility of TcapQ647 to detect parasite-induced apoptosis in human colon xenograft and liver abscess mouse models. Thus, TcapQ647 represents a sensitive, effector caspase-specific far-red "smart" probe to noninvasively monitor apoptosis in vivo.
Query-based test generation for database applications (2008)

This paper describes a new approach to generating inputs to database applications. The goal is to generate inputs that satisfy certain properties specified by the tester and that also cause queries to return non-empty result sets and cause updates and inserts to execute without violating uniqueness or referential integrity constraints. Based on the SQL statements in the application, test generation queries are generated; execution of these queries yields test inputs with the desired properties. The test generation algorithm is described and illustrated by an example. The technique has been implemented and experimental evaluation is in progress.
20 Gbit/s soliton transmission over 200 km using erbium-doped fibre repeaters (1990)

A 20 Gbit/s optical soliton transmission over 200 km has been successfully achieved for the first time by using multiple erbium-doped fibre repeaters. The erbium-doped amplifiers are used as lumped amplifiers. The repeater spacing is 25 km and the soliton pulse width is 20 ps. The erbium-doped fibre amplifiers are pumped by InGaAsP laser diodes.
Performance analysis through synthetic trace generation (2002)

Most research in the area of microarchitectural performance analysis is done using trace-driven simulations. Although trace-driven simulations are fairly accurate, they are both time- and space-consuming which makes them sometimes impractical. Modeling the execution of a computer program by a statistical profile and generating a synthetic benchmark trace from this statistical profile can be used to accelerate the design process. Thanks to the statistical nature of this technique, performance characteristics quickly converge to a steady state solution during simulation, which makes this technique suitable for fast design space explorations. In this paper, it is shown how more detailed statistical profiles can be obtained and how the synthetic trace generation mechanism should be designed to generate syntactically correct benchmark traces. As a result, the performance predictions in this paper are far more accurate than those reported in previous research.
Ordered Surface Structure in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>La</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Ca</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>MnO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Films (1999)

The surface of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ (LCMO) films with $x\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.1$, $0.33$, $0.5$, and $0.66$ has been studied; a highly ordered grain pattern induced by strain is observed in films with $x\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.5$ and $0.66$. The strain is identified to result from thermal expansion mismatch between substrate and film, and thermal expansion anomaly may exist at a high temperature induced by possible phase transition in LCMO with $x\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.5$ and $0.66$. Such phenomenon is arresting on film growth and understanding colossal magnetoresistance materials as well as providing a new way to make ordered structures for application.
MES Validation using FAB-wide Equipment Simulation (2006)

Introducing significant changes (or even a new system) to production systems (i.e. manufacturing execution system) on a production floor has always been a challenge. A key issue is the need to conduct high confidence testing validating the correctness and performance of the new system. Currently, production requirements (i.e. lack of equipment time) usually limit the quantity and quality of the tests we can conduct. We have devised an approach to provide a highly realistic testing environment by simulating FAB wide equipments interacting with the MES system via the equipment integration (EI) components just as it would in actual production. This way, we are able to validate the target production system with high confidence without the need of actual equipment time
Integration of heterogenous services in the adaptive services grid (2005)

Angiosarcoma, a rare aggressive malignant tumor thought to be of vascular origin with high potential for metastasis, frequently occurs on the scalp of elderly people. Recent findings have shown that overexpression of basic fibroblast growth factor and its receptor is associated with neoplasia, which suggests that basic fibroblast growth factor promotes tumor vascularization and subsequent growth. In this study, we examined the immunohistologic localization of basic fibroblast growth factor and its receptor in angiosarcoma. Our results suggest that basic fibroblast growth factor synthesized in the tumor endothelial cells plays an important role in the growth and progression in angiosarcoma and that serum basic fibroblast growth factor levels are elevated in patients with nodular type angiosarcoma.
Learning communities: connectivity and dynamics of interacting agents (2004)

Intelligent agents need to learn how the communication structure evolves within interacting groups and how to influence the groups overall behavior. We are developing methods to automatically and unobtrusively learn the social network structure that arises within a human group based on wearable sensors. Computational models of group interaction dynamics are derived from data gathered using wearable sensors. The questions we are exploring are: Can we tell who influences whom? Can we quantify this amount of influence? How can we modify group interactions to promote better information diffusion? The goal is real-time learning and modification of social network relationships by applying statistical machine learning techniques to data obtained from unobtrusive wearable sensors.
Saligenin Cyclic Alkyl Phosphates and Phosphorothionates with Insecticidal Activity (1963)

Journal Article Saligenin Cyclic Alkyl Phosphates and Phosphorothionates with Insecticidal Activity Get access Morifusa Eto, Morifusa Eto Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshiro Kinoshita, Yoshiro Kinoshita Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takeshi Kato, Takeshi Kato A Research Fellow from Mikasa Chemical Co., Amagi. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yasuyoshi Oshima Yasuyoshi Oshima Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 27, Issue 11, 1 November 1963, Pages 789–794, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1963.10858185 Published: 01 November 1963 Article history Received: 18 July 1963 Published: 01 November 1963
Development and Characterization of Microfabricated Disposable Gold Working Electrodes for High-Performance Ion Chromatography and Integrated Pulsed Amperometric Detection (2002)

We have developed a new type of microfabricated thin-film electrode on polymeric substrates. The microfabrication process allows for inexpensive and reproducible mass production of disposable working electrodes for high-performance ion chromatography and integrated pulsed amperometric detection (IPAD). These microfabricated electrodes are disposable and have been optimized for use in flow-through low-dead-volume electrochemical cells. The analytical performance of microfabricated gold electrodes was characterized with the help of the IPAD method for amino acid detection under alkaline conditions required for anion-exchange separations. When used with a new optimized six-potential IPAD waveform, the electrodes functioned properly for weeks. Compared to nondisposable working electrodes, the disposable working electrodes generated equal or better results in the limit of detection, linearity of calibration, and reproducibility. Disposable electrodes make it possible to avoid polishing and reconditioning, which are required with nondisposable electrodes.
Materials Chemistry Issues Related to Advanced Materials Applications in the Automotive Industry (1996)

The driving force behind the research on advanced materials has largely been aerospace and defense applications. In such applications the customer-induced limitations and infrastructural economic factors are secondary to the application-oriented parameters. Automobiles, on the other hand, represent the primary consumers of advanced materials in civilian applications. Automobiles are high-technology, low-cost machines which need to be robust for various climatic conditions and driver behavior. Advanced materials play an important role in the design and fabrication of various components of automobiles, and the use of new materials continues to increase. Recent interest in developing highly fuel efficient vehicles with low emissions has focused efforts toward materials, designs, and devices and is spurring research into advanced materials for weight reduction. The goal is to achieve fuel efficiency by weight reduction and a more efficient powertrain. In this review article, we summarize the efforts of the 1970s and the 1980s on the development of ceramic gas turbine engines with emphasis on materials processing and properties. This is followed by a discussion of metal−matrix composites and reinforced plastics, the structural materials of current interest. The materials issues related to automotive exhaust reduction catalysts are discussed since materials continue to play an important role in designing catalysts to meet the new EPA regulations. The understanding of materials chemistry is expected to play an important role in designing new materials and developing new processes that can be used economically to mass produce vehicle components. We also summarize reports based on ceramic precursor technology and sol−gel processes that show promise in the fabrication of automotive components.
How Computer Vision Provides Physical Retail with a Better View on Customers (2019)

In recent years, web-based retailers have been taking over a growing market share from traditional brick and mortar retailers. One of the advantages leveraged by online retail is its ability to personalize the customer journey by analyzing the massive amounts of data that can be acquired easily in a digital environment. For example, click-streams from a web shop can help to identify a customer's interests in order to generate individual recommendations. To keep up, physical retailers, too, have to transform into the digital world. The main requirement for this are suitable data acquisition methods as well as resulting applications that are viable in an offline setting. In this paper, we investigate how recent technologies from the field of Computer Vision can overcome the data acquisition bottleneck and allow for data-based innovations that help traditional retailers to improve their customers' shopping experience and consequently to strengthen their market position. To this end, we introduce a conceptual tracking system for offline retail stores. Its purpose is to generate movement tracks over time for individual customers, from the time the supermarket is entered until it is left again. The acquired data allow for several data-based applications that can achieve similar goals as their counterparts in online retail.
On the Performance of OFDM Systems Over a Cartesian Clipping Channel: A Theoretical Approach (2004)

We introduce an accurate theoretical approach for computing the symbol-error rate (SER) of an M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) orthogonal frequency division-multiplexing (OFDM) system in the Nyquist rate Cartesian clipping channel. The Cartesian clipper clips the high peak values of the Nyquist rate in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) components of the complex baseband OFDM signal separately. In contrast to previous works that approximate the nonlinear noise, in the frequency domain, as a Gaussian additive random process, an accurate expression is derived for the probability density function (pdf) of the clipping noise at the output of the OFDM demodulator on each subcarrier. The inverse Fourier transform of the characteristic function of the noise is used to derive this accurate pdf. Using this pdf, we can evaluate the performance of the OFDM system for each subcarrier with high accuracy, especially at high backoffs where the Gaussian approximation of the nonlinear noise is no longer valid. The proposed method has the accuracy and validity of the simulation while being comparatively much less time consuming.
Positive Control of Endolysin Synthesis <i>In Vitro</i> by the Gene <i>N</i> Protein of Phage λ (1972)

Positive control in vitro by gene N protein of bacteriophage lambda was demonstrated. lambda DNA was used to direct in vitro synthesis of lambda endolysin in a cell-free protein-synthesizing preparation derived from Escherichia coli. The endolysin synthesis depends on the concomitant in vitro synthesis of lambda gene N protein. When lambda N(-) DNA was used to direct the cell-free preparation, endolysin was made only if extract was added from cells in which a lambda prophage had been induced. The use of various prophage deletion strains proved that if this stimulating activity made in vivo is coded by a known lambda gene, it must be coded by gene N. The ability to stimulate endolysin synthesis in vitro on a lambda N(-) DNA template, therefore, constitutes an assay for N protein.
Clinical Treatment of Dry Eye Using 0.03% Tacrolimus Eye Drops (2012)

Topical 0.03% tacrolimus eye drops successfully improved tear stability and ocular surface status in patients with dry eyes.
The chemistry of acyl halides (1972)

The most complete resource in functional group chemistryPatai's Chemistry of Functional Groups is one of chemistry's landmark book series in organic chemistry. An indispensible resource for the organic chemist, this is the most comprehensive reference available in functional group chemistry. Founded in 1964 by the late Professor Saul Patai, the aim of Patai's Chemistry of Functional Groups is to cover all the aspects of the chemistry of an important functional group in each volume, with the emphasis not only on the functional group but on the whole molecule.
Old phage, new insights: Two recently recognized mechanisms of transcriptional regulation in bacteriophage T4 development (1995)

The regulation of bacteriophage T4 middle and late gene expression involves previously unrecognized mechanisms. Middle transcription requires a DNA-binding transcriptional activator and a v 70-binding co-activator. The coupling of late transcription to DNA replication is effected by a DNA-tracking protein that is loaded onto DNA by an assembly factor at enhancer-like entry sites. Late transcription also requires an RNA polymerase core-binding co-activator. The co-activators of T4 middle and late transcription share the property of depressing unactivated, basal transcription.