gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Volume illustration: nonphotorealistic rendering of volume models (2001)

Accurately and automatically conveying the structure of a volume model is a problem which has not been fully solved by existing volume rendering approaches. Physics-based volume rendering approaches create images which may match the appearance of translucent materials in nature but may not embody important structural details. Transfer function approaches allow flexible design of the volume appearance but generally require substantial hand-tuning for each new data set in order to be effective. We introduce the volume illustration approach, combining the familiarity of a physics-based illumination model with the ability to enhance important features using non-photorealistic rendering techniques. Since the features to be enhanced are defined on the basis of local volume characteristics rather than volume sample values, the application of volume illustration techniques requires less manual tuning than the design of a good transfer function. Volume illustration provides a flexible unified framework for enhancing the structural perception of volume models through the amplification of features and the addition of illumination effects.
Induction of nuclear NF-kappa B DNA binding activity after exposure of lymphoid cells to soluble tax1 protein. (1990)

We demonstrate that purified HTLV-I Tax1 protein can be taken up by 70Z/3 lymphoid cells and localized in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Introduction of the Tax1 protein into the growth medium of 70Z/3 cells resulted in the rapid and transient induction of NF-kappa B binding activity in the nuclear fraction. Tax1 activation of NF-kappa B was not sensitive to either staurosporin or prolonged stimulation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, suggesting that Tax1-dependent NF-kappa B activation did not require the protein kinase C pathway. Purified Tax1 did not directly increase NF-kappa B binding activity in 70Z/3 cytoplasmic extracts, suggesting that NF-kappa B induction may require cellular factors. Western blot and competitive radioimmunoassays demonstrated that Tax1 protein was present in the tissue culture media of HTLV-I-transformed cell lines. These results show that extracellular Tax1 may regulate cellular gene expression in noninfected cells.
Narrow-linewidth master-oscillator power amplifier based on a semiconductor tapered amplifier (1998)

The output of a grating-stabilized external-cavity diode laser was injected into a semiconductor tapered amplifier in a master-oscillator power amplifier configuration, producing as much as 500 mW of power with narrow linewidth. The additional linewidth that is due to the tapered amplifier is much smaller than the typical linewidth of grating-stabilized laser diodes. To demonstrate the usefulness of the narrow linewidth and high output power, we used the system to perform Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy with rubidium.
Chemical properties and antitumor activity of complexes of platinum containing substituted sulfoxides [PtCl(R'R''SO)(diamine)]NO3. Chirality and leaving-group ability of sulfoxide affecting biological activity (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical properties and antitumor activity of complexes of platinum containing substituted sulfoxides [PtCl(R'R''SO)(diamine)]NO3. Chirality and leaving-group ability of sulfoxide affecting biological activityNicholas Farrell, Donna M. Kiley, Wendy Schmidt, and Miles P. HackerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 3, 397–403Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00328a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00328a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views415Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genotyping Using the TaqMan Assay (2008)

The 5'-nuclease allelic discrimination assay, or TaqMan assay, is a PCR-based assay for genotyping single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The region flanking the SNP is amplified in the presence of two allele-specific fluorescent probes. The probes do not fluoresce in solution because of a quencher at the 3' end. The presence of two probes allows the detection of both alleles in a single tube. Moreover, because probes are included in the PCR, genotypes are determined without any post-PCR processing, a feature that is unavailable with most other genotyping methods. This unit describes probe and primer design and PCR conditions.
Intracellular Parasite Invasion Strategies (2004)

Intracellular parasites use various strategies to invade cells and to subvert cellular signaling pathways and, thus, to gain a foothold against host defenses. Efficient cell entry, ability to exploit intracellular niches, and persistence make these parasites treacherous pathogens. Most intracellular parasites gain entry via host-mediated processes, but apicomplexans use a system of adhesion-based motility called "gliding" to actively penetrate host cells. Actin polymerization-dependent motility facilitates parasite migration across cellular barriers, enables dissemination within tissues, and powers invasion of host cells. Efficient invasion has brought widespread success to this group, which includes Toxoplasma, Plasmodium, and Cryptosporidium.
OXIDATIVE DAMAGE TO ERYTHROCYTES OF DOGS INFECTED WITH BABESIA GIBSONI (1994)

Oxidative damage to erythrocytes caused by the Babesia gibsoni infection was studied.The results were as follows: 1.In dogs infected with B. gibsoni, the concentration of methemoglobin showed an increase along with the elevation of the parasitemia.2. When B. gibsoni was cultured together with erythrocytes, marked increases of methemoglobin and malondialdehyde concentrations of erythrocytes in the cultures were observed together with high multiplication of the parasites (the parasitemia averaged 27 percent), but not at low multiplication of the parasites (the parasitemia was 0.1 percent) in the culture.3. When erythrocytes from dogs inoculated with B. gibsoni were incubated with acetylphenylhydrazine, the methemoglobin formation in erythrocytes was much higher at day 3 than at days 10-30 after the inoculation.In these dogs the parasitemia was 0.1 percent at day 3, and reached the peak levels 00-27 percent) at days 10-30.In addition, the decrease of reduced glutathione concentration in those erythrocytes treated with acetylphenylhydrazine at day 3 was more prominent than that at day 10-30 after inoculation.These results demonstrate that erythrocytes of dogs infected with B. gibsoni are sensitive to oxidative stress even at the early stage of the infection where almost no parasitized erythrocytes are seen in the peripheral blood of the infected dogs, and suggest that the multiplication of the parasites accelerates the oxidative damage to erythrocytes in infected animals.
A gradient descent method for a neural fractal memory (2002)

It has been demonstrated that higher order recurrent neural networks exhibit an underlying fractal attractor as an artifact of their dynamics. These fractal attractors offer a very efficient mechanism to encode visual memories in a neural substrate, since even a simple twelve weight network can encode a very large set of different images. The main problem in this memory model, which so far has remained unaddressed, is how to train the networks to learn these different attractors. Following other neural training methods this paper proposes a gradient descent method to learn the attractors. The method is based on an error function which examines the effects of the current network transform on the desired fractal attractor. It is tested across a bank of different target fractal attractors and at different noise levels. The results show positive performance across three error measures.
Nanosized hairy grains: A model system to understand the reinforcement (1996)

We have prepared nanosized hairy grains by grafting long polydimethylsiloxane chains onto silica particles of radius ≈ 15 nm. The synthesis method allows the particles to keep in truly stable suspension at any stage of their preparation. In dilute suspension, these hairy grains behave as repulsive soft spheres. Above a certain concentration (of the order of 0.1 g/cm3), the polymer chains form bridges between the particles due to physical adsorption, which induces a gelation of the suspension. If the solvent is completely removed, a reinforced elastomer is formed. Its mechanical properties (which can be exceptionally good) are entirely determined by the design of the ultimate particles.
Cationic supramolecules consisting of oligoethylenimine‐grafted α‐cyclodextrins threaded on poly(ethylene oxide) for gene delivery (2008)

In this study, three cationic polyrotaxanes composed of multiple oligoethylenimine-grafted alpha-cyclodextrin rings threaded on a poly(ethylene oxide) chain have been synthesized and characterized, and investigated for gene delivery. All three cationic polyrotaxanes could efficiently compact pDNA into small nanoparticles, with diameters ranging from 100 to 200 nm. In both BHK-21 and MES-SA cell lines, the transfection efficiency mediated by the cationic polyrotaxanes were comparable or even higher than that of branched polyethylenimine (PEI) with a molecular weight of 25 kDa, which is one of the most efficient gene-delivery vectors to date. Moreover, the cationic polyrotaxanes showed much lower cytotoxicity than branched PEI (25 kDa). Hence, these cationic poly rotaxanes have high potentials as new carriers for gene delivery.
A dynamic pari-mutuel market for hedging, wagering, and information aggregation (2004)

I develop a new mechanism for risk allocation and information speculation called a dynamic pari-mutuel market (DPM). ADPM acts as hybrid between a pari-mutuel market and a continuous double auction (CDA), inheriting some of the advantages of both. Like a pari-mutuel market, a DPM offers infinite buy-in liquidity and zero risk for the market institution; like a CDA, a DPM cancontinuously react to new information, dynamically incorporate information into prices, and allow traders to lock in gains or limit losses by selling prior to event resolution. The trader interface can be designed to mimic the familiar double auction format with bid-ask queues, though with an addition variable called the payoff per share. The DPM price function can be viewed as an automated market maker always offering to sell at some price, and moving the price appropriately according to demand. Since the mechanism is pari-mutuel (i.e., redistributive), it is guaranteed to pay out exactly the amount of money taken in. Iexplore a number of variations on the basic DPM, analyzing the properties of each, and solving in closed form for their respective price functions.
Unified Visual Perception Model for context-aware wearable AR (2013)

We propose Unified Visual Perception Model (UVPM), which imitates the human visual perception process, for the stable object recognition necessarily required for augmented reality (AR) in the field. The proposed model is designed based on the theoretical bases in the field of cognitive informatics, brain research and psychological science. The proposed model consists of Working Memory (WM) in charge of low-level processing (in a bottomup manner), Long-Term Memory (LTM) and Short-Term Memory (STM), which are in charge of high-level processing (in a top-down manner). WM and LTM/STM are mutually complementary to increase recognition accuracies. By implementing the initial prototype of each boxes of the model, we could know that the proposed model works for stable object recognition. The proposed model is available to support context-aware AR with the optical see-through HMD.
Molecular Structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gal1p, a Bifunctional Galactokinase and Transcriptional Inducer (2005)

Gal1p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is capable of performing two independent cellular functions. First, it is a key enzyme in the Leloir pathway for galactose metabolism where it catalyzes the conversion of alpha-d-galactose to galactose 1-phosphate. Second, it has the capacity to induce the transcription of the yeast GAL genes in response to the organism being challenged with galactose as the sole source of carbon. This latter function is normally performed by a highly related protein, Gal3p, but in its absence Gal1p can induce transcription, albeit inefficiently, both in vivo and in vitro. Here we report the x-ray structure of Gal1p in complex with alpha-d-galactose and Mg-adenosine 5'-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate (AMPPNP) determined to 2.4 Angstrom resolution. Overall, the enzyme displays a marked bilobal appearance with the active site being wedged between distinct N- and C-terminal domains. Despite being considerably larger than other galactokinases, Gal1p shares a similar molecular architecture with these enzymes as well as with other members of the GHMP superfamily. The extraordinary levels of similarity between Gal1p and Gal3p ( approximately 70% amino acid identity and approximately 90% similarity) have allowed a model for Gal3p to be constructed. By identifying the locations of mutations of Gal3p that result in altered transcriptional properties, we suggest potential models for Gal3p function and mechanisms for its interaction with the transcriptional inhibitor Gal80p. The GAL genetic switch has long been regarded as a paradigm for the control of gene expression in eukaryotes. Understanding the manner in which two of the proteins that function in transcriptional regulation interact with one another is an important step in determining the overall molecular mechanism of this switch.
Polypeptide components of the apamin receptor associated with a calcium activated potassium channel (1990)

Photoaffinity labeling of rat brain membranes with [125I]ANPAA-apamin incorporated radioactivity into polypeptides of 86 and 59 kDa and occasionally a more weakly labeled component of 45 kDa. These polypeptides were immunoprecipitated with anti-apamin antibodies and treated with glycosidases. Neither the 86 nor the 59 kDa polypeptide appeared to be N-glycosylated. Partial proteolytic mapping of affinity labeled polypeptides with chymotrypsin or V8 protease generated an identical pattern. These results suggest that the 59 and 45 kDa components are not additional subunits of an oligomeric protein but result from cleavage of the 86 kDa polypeptide.
Congestion charge and cancer patients (2004)

We are extremely pleased that the Mayor of London has listened to the views of cancer patients, Macmillan Cancer Relief, Greater London Assembly Members and MPs and recognised that cancer treatment can be extremely draining, both emotionally and physically.
A Simple but Effective Demineralizing Method for Osteogenic Allograft Preparation (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Optically addressed near and long-wave infrared multiband photodetectors (2012)

Optically addressed dual-band photodetector incorporating of a 0.82 μm cut-off wavelength near-infrared (NIR) AlGaAs/GaAs p-i-n photodetector and a 8.2 μm peak wavelength long-wave infrared (LWIR) AlGaAs/GaAs quantum well infrared photodetector on GaAs substrate is fabricated and characterized. Switching between NIR and LWIR bands is demonstrated by using external light bias. The dual-band photodetector gives 65% quantum efficiency in NIR band and specific detectivity of 2 × 109 cm Hz1/2/W in LWIR band at 68 K. Spectral crosstalk is better than 25 dB. These devices enable the use of only a single indium-bump per pixel for multiband image sensor arrays to have maximum fill factor.
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using Self-Assembled Silver Nanoparticles on Silicon Nanotips (2005)

A new substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy has been developed in the form of silicon nanotips, by electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor deposition, with apex diameters of ∼2 nm, lengths of 1000 nm, and densities of 1011/cm2. The surface areas of the nanotips are ∼150 m2cm-3, comparable with the best-quality porous silicon. Ion-beam-sputtered silver self-assembles on these substrates as nanoparticles of 4−10 nm diameter and these metallic nanoparticles act as surface enhancement centers for Raman spectroscopy. Standard molecules such as Rhodamine 6G and trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (BPE) of concentrations in the range of 10-6 to 10-10 M have been studied on these substrates and enhancements in the range of 106 to 108 were observed. These dry etched substrates, unlike those conventionally prepared by wet chemistry, are compatible with silicon device technology and are remarkably stable and reproducible.
Mutational analysis of the <i>Escherichia coli spoT</i> gene identifies distinct but overlapping regions involved in ppGpp synthesis and degradation (1996)

The spoT gene of Escherichia coli encodes a guanosine 3',5'-bis(diphosphate) 3'-pyrophosphohydrolase (ppGppase) as well as an apparent guanosine 3',5'-bis(diphosphate) synthetase (designated PSII). To determine the regions of the SpoT protein that are required for these two competing activities, we analysed plasmid-borne deletion mutations for their ability to complement chromosomal mutations defective in each activity. We found that a region containing the first 203 amino acids of the 702-amino-acid SpoT protein was sufficient for ppGppase activity while an overlapping region containing residues 67-374 was sufficient for PSII activity. These data indicate that the catalytic sites involved in the two activities are separate but closely linked in the primary sequence of the SpoT protein. A ppGppase-defective delta 1-58 deletion mutant strain failed to synthesize ppGpp in response to nutrient limitation, also supporting the notion that PSII activity from wild-type SpoT does not increase in response to nutrient limitation. Using a strain lacking PSII activity but retaining ppGppase activity, we determined the contribution of the RelA protein (ppGpp synthetase I, PSI) to ppGpp synthesis following glucose starvation. We found that the RelA protein activity accounts for the initial burst of ppGpp synthesis at the onset of glucose starvation but that this source of synthesis is absent when amino acids are present during glucose starvation.
Performance of peak cancellation for PAPR reduction in OFDM system (2008)

High peak to average power ratio (PAPR) is one of the main disadvantages of OFDM. Clipping can reduce the PAPR but suffers from high out-of-band distortion. Recently, peak cancellation is introduced to reduce the out-of-band radiation with a band-limited cancellation function. In this paper, a set of windowing function is applied as the cancellation function. Furthermore, the cancellation function is windowed into limited number of samples, and the performance of sinc function with different number of limited samples is investigated. Simulation results show that peak cancellation with a limited-sample sinc function can achieve better PAPR reduction performance with lower complexity.
A robust echo canceler for acoustic environments (1997)

This paper presents a novel acoustic echo canceler for teleconference and speakerphone systems based upon input orthogonalization and spread spectrum communication techniques. The new echo canceler represents a significant departure from traditional methods of removing acoustical echo and solves the open problem of echo cancellation during double-talk transmission. A decorrelation based adaptive filtering algorithm is introduced and its performance studied. A contraction mapping principle is applied to obtain a tight bound on the step size for the convergence of the adaptive algorithm. In conjunction, a direct sequence spread spectrum correlation technique is used to estimate the room impulse response during double-talk. Both components of the echo canceler rely on an innocuous wide-band training signal which is transmitted into the room along with the speech. The new echo canceler was implemented on a TMS320C30 DSP processor and experimental results are presented. The echo canceler was found to give excellent performance for all operating conditions, including during double-talk transmission.
Design of Ordered Wrinkled Patterns with Dynamically Tuned Properties (2013)

The formation of patterned surfaces is a common tool to engineer materials. The capability to design and reproduce detailed features is a key factor to fulfill requirements for functional surfaces. Generation of wrinkles via buckling of a stiff film on a compliant surface is an inexpensive, easy and reliable method to yield a patterned surface. The wrinkling method has been exploited in a wide variety of areas, including photovoltaics, microfluidics, adhesion, and anti-fouling systems. Here we show the ability to obtain deterministically ordered herringbone patterns. In a biaxially pre-stretched PDMS sample a thin film of a stiff coating is deposited by initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). iCVD is a solvent- free technique that yields a conformal thin coating on virtually any substrate, giving a controllable thickness and tunable structural, mechanical, thermal, wetting, and swelling properties. Sequential release of the film-substrate system shows the transition from 1-D ripples to an ordered herringbone pattern. Wrinkle features can be controlled adjusting the film thickness, the initial load and the release process. Moreover, the surface topography can be dynamically tuned by applying a controlled mechanical stimulus. These properties make these materials excellent candidates for flexible applications.
Cloning and expression of the thermostable Î±-amylase gene from<i>Clostridium thermosulfurogenes</i>(DSM 3896) in<i>Escherichia coli</i> (1989)

The gene coding for a thermostable alpha-amylase from Clostridium thermosulfurogenes (DSM 3896) was cloned in Escherichia coli using pUC18 as a vector. The recombinant plasmid pCT2 of an amylolytic positive transformant of E. coli contained a 2.9 kbp fragment of chromosomal DNA of C. thermosulfurogenes carrying the alpha-amylase gene. In E. coli the gene was apparently transcribed by its own promoter. Comparative studies showed no difference between the original and the heterologously in E. coli expressed enzyme. The latter was not secreted into the medium.