gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
7,11,13-Hexadecatrienal identified from female moths of the citrus leafminer as a new sex pheromone component: synthesis and field evaluation in Vietnam and Japan (2008)

(7Z,11Z)-7,11-Hexadecadienal (Z7,Z11-16:Ald), which has been identified from female moths of the citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella, Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), strongly attracts conspecific males in Japan. Recently, in addition to the dienyl aldehyde, a trienyl derivative, (7Z,11Z,13E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal (Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald), was found as another sex pheromone component of females collected in Brazil and California. Thus, we synthesized Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald and its isomer (Z7,E11,E13-16:Ald) to evaluate their effects on males inhabiting Asia. Starting from 1,7-heptanediol, two corresponding alcohols with trienyl structures were prepared by two applications of the Wittig-coupling reaction and then oxidized to yield objective aldehydes after separation by HPLC with an ODS column. In a citrus orchard in Can-Tho City, Vietnam, P. citrella males could not be caught by a lure baited only with Z7,Z11-16:Ald, but were successfully attracted with a 1 : 3 mixture of Z7,Z11-16:Ald and Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald. On the other hand, in citrus orchards in Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands and Ehime Prefecture, Japan, neither trienals showed a synergistic effect on male capture by the dienal. Far from being reinforced, the attraction activity of the dienal was diminished by mixing in Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald. These results indicated that the sex pheromone of the Vietnamese strain is similar to that of Brazilian and Californian strains, but the Japanese strain has established a different communication system from those of the foreign strains.
Developments in the treatment of uveitis (2002)

Uveitis remains a challenging field to the ophthalmologist as the disease causes significant morbidity and the use of traditional forms of treatment is restricted by limited effectiveness and considerable side effects. This article explores new agents used in the treatment of uveitis as well as the potential of agents used successfully in experimental uveitis. This paper also reviews agents in use for a long time but now used in novel ways.
A method of measuring tackiness (1969)

Abstract For measuring the tackiness of viscous materials to the solid surface, we designed an attachment to the tensile tester driven with constant speeds. Blends at high molecular weight polyisobutylene with low molecular weight polyisobutylene or with a hydrogenated rosin were used as samples. The maximum force f b at the time t b of the force‐time relation recorded on a chart was determined as a measure of the tackiness. The relation between f b and t b satisfies the equation f b ∝ t b −1/2 derived by Eley. The f b depends on the time t c and the pressure p c at contact, the temperature and the rate of sepration, r, and the rosin content of the sample. The activation energy, obtained from the slope of plots of f b against the reciprocal of the absolute temperature shows a value of 2–6 kcal/mole, which is similar to the activation energy of the viscous flow. To decide whether the failure occurs at the interface or within the adhesive itself, f b was measured with cylinders made of various materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, poly(methyl methacrylate), and brass.
Effect of Electrical Field Stimulation on Insulin and Glucagon Secretion from the Pancreas of Normal and Diabetic Rats (2001)

The effect of electrical field stimulation (EFS) on insulin (INS) and glucagon (GLU) secretion from normal and diabetic rat pancreas is poorly understood. In our study, EFS (5-20Hz, 50 V amplitude and 1.0 ms pulse width), when applied alone, resulted in a significant (p<0.05) increase in INS secretion from the pancreas of both normal and diabetic rats. Atropine (10(-5) M) did not inhibit the EFS (5 Hz)-evoked INS secretion in normal pancreas and failed to alter the effect of EFS (10-20 Hz) on INS secretion from the pancreas of both normal and diabetic rats. Propranolol (Prop) inhibited INS secretion to below basal level in the presence of EFS (5 Hz) but not at EFS (10- 20 Hz). Tetrodotoxin (TTX) also significantly (p = 0.002) inhibited INS secretion from normal pancreas in the presence of EFS (5-20 Hz). The decrease in insulin secretion observed when pancreatic tissue fragments were incubated in Prop and TTX in the presence of EFS was reversed by yohimbine (10(-5) M). In contrast, TTX did not significantly modify INS secretion from diabetic pancreas in the presence of EFS. EFS (5-20 Hz) significantly (p<0.05) increased GLU release from normal and diabetic rat pancreas when applied alone. Neither atropine, Prop nor TTX significantly modified GLU release from the pancreas of either normal or diabetic rats. This suggests that GLU secretion may be controlled through a different pathway. The EFS-evoked INS and GLU secretion is probably executed via different mechanisms. These mechanisms include 1) activation of cholinergic nerves by EFS; 2) EFS of alpha- and beta-adrenergic nerves; 3) activation of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic pathway by EFS; 4) EFS-induced depolarization and subsequent action potential in pancreatic endocrine cells and 5) electroporosity caused by EFS-induced membrane permeability. All of these effects may be summative. In conclusion, EFS (5-20 Hz), when applied alone, can evoke significant increases in INS and GLU secretion from the pancreas of both normal and diabetic rats. Insulin secretion is controlled via alpha-2 adrenergic (inhibition) and beta-adrenergic (stimulation) receptors. Glucagon secretion is enhanced by alpha2 adrenergic stimulation.
Recent progress towards achieving an international plastics convention (2018)

This paper identifies that plastic is not only a severe environmental problem, but also a global existential risk that needs greater prioritising in global policy. While issues of macro-scale pollution are increasingly well-known, the role of plastic in other areas such as micro-scale contamination, and the strain plastic production places on global resource limits, enjoys less attention. Focusing on recent data and new or emerging developments, I examine the extent to which a binding international convention on plastics can be considered critical in addressing the many problems caused by plastic and plastic packaging. I argue for the need to understand the problems of plastic holistically and solve them in the same way; by recognising that treaties and conventions are just one critical step among others. Business-led innovations towards circular economies and other emergent, self-organising movements are of equal importance. These other developments represent both near-term solutions, achievable before a convention will be realised, and the precursory steps necessary for creating a binding, international plastics convention.
Effect of Nitridation for High-K Layers by ALCVDTM in Order to Decrease the Trapping in Non Volatile Memories (2007)

In non-volatile memories, high-k materials such as Al2O3, HfO2, and hafnium aluminates are good candidates as interpoly layers. In order to decrease the parasitic trapping of the interpoly stack, the effect of post deposition nitridation (PDN) on different high-κ films was investigated. Several characterizations were performed on those films such as Angle Resolved X-ray Photo-electron Spectroscopy (AR-XPS), Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES), Attenuated Total Reflection - Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Vacuum UltraViolet Spectroscopy Ellipsometry (VUV-SE). A correlation between the nitrogen incorporation and the crystallization was demonstrated. Al-rich films remain amorphous after PDN, with an incorporation of nitrogen in the film volume. Meanwhile, Hf-rich films crystallized after PDN, with nitrogen incorporated only at the high-κ / Si substrate interface. Also nitrogen increases the crystallization temperature onset, which leads to a reduction of charge trapping after high temperature spike anneals. Nitrided amorphous hafnium aluminate films are good candidates as interpoly layer.
13.56 MHz high voltage multi-level resonant DC-DC converter (2015)

This paper demonstrates a dc-dc converter that combines resonant rectifiers in a way to achieve impedance matching and significant voltage gains without the need for a high quality factor (Q) impedance matching network. Multiple stages are stacked in a way that allows for higher output voltages without suffering efficiency penalties common to traditional serial type high-voltage converter topologies such as the Crockroft-Walton Multiplier. Application of this design results in an isolated resonant dc-dc converter design that promises high efficiency, fast transient response, and high power density while providing a high-voltage isolated output from a lower-voltage input. Specifically, we demonstrate a 2000 W, 2000 Vdc output proof of concept prototype dc-dc converter operating at a switching frequency of 13.56 MHz from an input voltage of 275 Vdc. Capacitive isolation provides an efficient means of allowing for multiple rectified outputs to be combined serially without exceeding semiconductor device limits. Further, it allows for implementation of a more efficient method of impedance matching at frequencies of 10s of MHz than traditional methods such as passive matching networks or transformers by the reduction of or elimination of those stages altogether.
Sub-0.1 μm CMOS with source/drain extension spacer formed using nitrogen implantation prior to thick gate re-oxidation (2002)

Source/drain (S/D) extensions with low R/sub s/ and low C/sub gd/ are required for high performance CMOS. In this work, we report on a new process whereby an extension spacer is formed after gate etch using a blanket nitrogen ion implantation (N I/I) prior to thick gate reoxidation (GROX). The new process reduces n, pMOS C/sub gd/ by 12% and 20%, respectively and nMOS C/sub gate/ by 10%, compared to a conventional device, while maintaining high I/sub drive/. The nitrogen retards formation of a thick oxide on active regions allowing for a well controlled low energy extension implant, even with a thick gate re-ox spacer. The impact of nitrogen introduced after gate-etch but before the GROX on devices is also described for the first time.
Metal‐Free Cycloaddition of Internal Alkynes and Multifunctional Azides Under Solvent‐Free Conditions (2014)

The synthesis of three different electron‐deficient internal alkynes for the metal‐free 1,3‐dipolar azide–alkyne cycloaddition is shown. The alkynes are polymerized with several multifunctional azides and the reaction enthalpy (Δ H ) is investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The mechanical properties of the resulting polymers are analyzed using nanoindentation. The polymerization results in hard materials with an E ‐modulus of maximum 2.5 GPa, which make them interesting in particular for biomedical applications. image
A3.4 - Biosensor based on a split-ring resonator (2017)

Split-ring resonators are electrical circuits, which enable highly sensitive readout of split capacity changes via a measurement of shift of the resonance frequency.Thus, functionalization of the split allows the development of biosensors, where selective molecular binding causes a change in permittivity and therefore a change in split capacity.In this work, we present a systematic study of the relevant parameters of a split-ring resonator, verified by electromagnetic simulations and measurements with different sensor topologies.Subsequently, the split of a resonator is functionalized with aptamers and the sensor response is investigated.Here, introducing the target protein results in a shift of the resonance frequency caused by a permittivity change due to aptamer-mediated protein binding, which allows selective detection of the target protein.
The Power of the French Premier (1934)

Review| November 01 1934 The Power of the French Premier E.Francis Brown E.Francis Brown Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1934) 41 (2): 226–230. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1934.41.2.226 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation E.Francis Brown; The Power of the French Premier. Current History 1 November 1934; 41 (2): 226–230. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1934.41.2.226 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1934 by The Regents of the University of California1934 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Analysis of measurement signals compression algorithm properties in the time domain (2002)

A lossless and inertialess compression algorithm based on the analysis of measurement signals in time domain is presented in the paper. The operation performed by the algorithm can be described as a non-uniform sampling where the sampling period is determined on the basis of the signal derivative analysis. In particular, the algorithm shows good efficiency when applied to the slowly-variable quasi-stationary signals with short, irregularly occurring, highly-variable components, and can be applied to continuous and long-term logging of measurement data.
Convenient one-flask synthesis of dialkyl selenides and diselenides via lithium triethylborohydride reduction of Sex (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvenient one-flask synthesis of dialkyl selenides and diselenides via lithium triethylborohydride reduction of SexJ. A. Gladysz, John L. Hornby, and James E. GarbeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 6, 1204–1208Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00400a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00400a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1407Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dysbiosis gut microbiota associated with inflammation and impaired mucosal immune function in intestine of humans with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2015)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently been considered to be under the influence of the gut microbiota, which might exert toxic effects on the human host after intestinal absorption and delivery to the liver via the portal vein. In this study, the composition of the gut microbiota in NAFLD patients and healthy subjects was determined via 16S ribosomal RNA Illumina next-generation sequencing. Among those taxa displaying greater than 0.1% average abundance in all samples, five genera, including Alistipes and Prevotella, were significantly more abundant in the gut microbiota of healthy subjects compared to NAFLD patients. Alternatively, Escherichia, Anaerobacter, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus were increased in the gut microbiota of NAFLD patients compared to healthy subjects. In addition, decreased numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and increased levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ were detected in the NAFLD group compared to the healthy group. Furthermore, irregularly arranged microvilli and widened tight junctions were observed in the gut mucosa of the NAFLD patients via transmission electron microscopy. We postulate that aside from dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, gut microbiota-mediated inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and the related impairment in mucosal immune function play an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
Sculptural forms from hyperbolic tessellations (2008)

A toolbox of algorithmic techniques is presented for creating a variety of novel, visually engaging, sculptural forms that express a mathematical aesthetic embodied within a plausibly organic organization. Hyperbolic tessellations in the Poincare plane are transformed in several ways to three-dimensional networks of edges. Then these edge networks are thickened to solid struts with a simple robust "strut algorithm". By the use of different transformations and adjustable parameters in the algorithms, a variety of high-genus forms result. The techniques are robust enough to produce watertight boundary representations to be built with solid freeform fabrication equipment. The final physical sculptures satisfy the "coolness criterion," that passers by will pick them up and say "Wow, that's cool!"
Lost in Translation: Improving Decoy Documents via Automated Translation (2012)

Detecting insider attacks continues to prove to be one of the most difficult challenges in securing sensitive data. Decoy information and documents represent a promising approach to detecting malicious masqueraders, however, false positives can interfere with legitimate work and take up user time. We propose generating foreign language decoy documents that are sprinkled with untranslatable enticing proper nouns such as company names, hot topics, or apparent login information. Our goal is for this type of decoy to serve three main purposes. First, using a language that is not used in normal business practice gives real users a clear signal that the document is fake, so they waste less time examining it. Second, an attacker, if enticed, will need to exfiltrate the document's contents in order to translate it, providing a cleaner signal of malicious activity. Third, we consume significant adversarial resources as they must still read the document and decide if it contains valuable information, which is made more difficult as it will be somewhat scrambled through translation. In this paper, we expand upon the rationale behind using foreign language decoys. We present a preliminary evaluation which shows how they significantly increase the cost to attackers in terms of the amount of time that it takes to determine if a document is real and potentially contains valuable information or is entirely bogus, confounding their goal of exfiltrating important sensitive information.
Intracellular galectin‐9 activates inflammatory cytokines in monocytes (2009)

Whether galectin-9 plays a role in inflammatory responses remains elusive. The present study was designed to determine the role of intracellular galectin-9 in activation of inflammatory cytokine genes in human monocytes. Galectin-9 expression vector pBKCMV3-G9 was transiently co-transfected into THP-1 monocytic cells along with luciferase reporters carrying gene promoters of IL-1alpha (IL1A), IL-1beta (IL1B) and IFNgamma. Transient transfection studies showed that galectin-9 over-expression activated all three gene promoters, suggesting that intracellular galectin-9 induces inflammatory cytokine genes in monocytes. Galectin-9 over-expression also activated NF-IL6 (C/EBP beta) and AP-1, but not NF-kappaB. In contrast, extracellular galectin-9 is not involved in regulation of inflammatory cytokines. Immunoprecipitation/Western blotting, using anti-galectin-9 Ab and anti-NF-IL6 Ab, showed physical association of intracellular galectin-9 with NF-IL6. RT-PCR confirmed that galectin-9 over-expression increased IL-1alpha and IL-1beta mRNA levels in THP-1 cells. The interaction of galectin-9 with NF-IL6 was enhanced following LPS treatment in THP-1 cells. Intracellular galectin-9 synergized with LPS to activate NF-IL6. Nuclear translocation of galectin-9 was also observed in THP-1 cells treated with LPS. Our results indicate that galectin-9 is a LPS-responsive factor, and further demonstrate that intracellular galectin-9 transactivates inflammatory cytokine genes in monocytes through direct physical interaction with NF-IL6.
Broad-band spectral analysis of 24 h continuous finger blood pressure: comparison with intra-arterial recordings (1999)

The present study compares the spectral characteristics of 24-h blood pressure variability estimated invasively at the brachial artery level with those estimated by measurement of blood pressure at the finger artery using the non-invasive Portapres device. Broad-band spectra (from 3×10-5 to 0.5 Hz) were derived from both finger and intra-brachial pressures recorded simultaneously for 24 h in eight normotensive and twelve hypertensive ambulant subjects. At frequencies lower than 0.07 Hz, higher spectral estimates were obtained by Portapres than by intra-brachial measurements. The maximum overestimation occurred in systolic pressure at around 10-2 Hz, where the amplitude of the oscillations was two times greater when measured by Portapres. A less pronounced overestimation was found for diastolic pressures. The maximum overestimation was greater during daytime than during night-time. At around 0.1 Hz, invasive and non-invasive spectra were similar. At the respiratory frequencies (0.15-0.50 Hz), the power spectra were overestimated by Portapres during daytime, and underestimated at night. These results provide reference information for the correct interpretation of Portapres data in the estimation of 24-h blood pressure spectral power.
Isoenzyme profiles of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase in the diabetic heart: comparison with hereditary and catecholamine cardiomyopathies (1990)

Increased LD-M proportion and CK-B observed in Bio and isoprenaline groups may be a metabolic "compensation" to decreased myocardial perfusion and substrate. Decreased LD-M proportion and CK-B in the diabetic heart was insulin dependent and may indicate either lack of "compensation" to myocardial ischaemia or absence of ischaemia per se. Decreased myocardial CK and CK MB activity possibly causes underestimation of enzymatically assessed infarct size in the diabetic heart.