gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
동결농축 Muscat Bailey A 포도 과즙으로 제조한 무가당 적포도주의 품질 특성 (2010)

국산 포도주의 품질을 향상시키고 개선하기 위한 발효 방법의 일환으로 국내산 Muscat Baily A 포도 과즙을 약 24 °Brix가 되게 동결농축한 후 포도주 발효를 수행하였다. 효모로는 산업용 포도주 효모인 S. cerevisiae OC2, S. cerevisiae Fermivin, S. cerevisiae W-3를 이용하였으며 이들에 의한 농축 과즙의 알코올 발효를 행하면서 발효 특성과 발효 후 여과하여 제성한 포도주의 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 발효가 끝날 시점의 알코올 함량은 12.6-13.0%로 비슷하였으며 환원당의 함량은 거의 흔적 정도로 검출되었다. pH는 약 3.4-3.7, 총산 함량은 0.62-0.71%로 모든 시험구에서 정상적으로 발효가 일어났음을 알 수 있었다. 발효 종료 후 여과한 포도주의 아세트알데히드, 메탄올, fusel oil의 함량은 식품공전에 명시된 과실주의 기준치보다 매우 낮게 나왔으며 총 폴리페놀 함량은 1.42-1.56 mg/mL 정도를 나타내었다. 각 시험구의 포도주는 모두 농축으로 인하여 진한 색을 띄었고 특히 적색을 나타내는 520 nm에서의 흡광도가 높았으며 이는 색도인 L, a, b 값을 통해서도 확인하였다. 관능검사를 실시한 결과는 색, 향, 전반적인 기호도에서 S. cerevisiae OC2 포도주가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났으며 향과 맛은 S. cerevisiae Fermivin 포도주가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다.
A novel small molecule hydroxamate preferentially inhibits HDAC6 activity and tumour growth (2013)

C1A preferentially inhibits HDAC6 and modulates HDAC6 downstream targets leading to growth inhibition of a diverse set of cancer cell lines. This property together with the favourable pharmacokinetics and efficacy in vivo makes it a candidate for further pre-clinical and clinical development.
Structural aspects of recently discovered viral deubiquitinating activities (2006)

Protein ubiquitination has been identified as a regulatory mechanism in key cellular activities, and deubiquitination is recognized as an important step in processes governed by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifiers. Viruses are known to target ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifier pathways using various strategies, including the recruitment of host deubiquitinating enzymes. Deubiquitinating activities have recently been described for proteins from three different virus families (adenovirus, coronavirus and herpesvirus), and predicted for others. This review centers on structural-functional aspects that characterize the confirmed viral deubiquitinating enzymes, and their relationships to established families of cellular deubiquitinating enzymes.
Social Support and Physical Health across the Life Span: Socioemotional Influences (2003)

The socioemotional health model posits that emotion regulation is the central mechanism mediating the link between social relationships and physical health. The four tenets of the model maintain that: (1) emotions and social relationships share a complex interplay developed over the millennia; (2) emotion regulation is the central mechanism linking social relationships with health; (3) emotion regulation includes physiological, cognitive, and behavioral processes, all three of which influence health, and (4) socioemotional processes affect health throughout the life span, but will be most evident at the very beginning and end of the life cycle when people are most physically vulnerable. We present the model and provide an overview of how socioemotional processes influence health throughout the life span via physiological, cognitive, and behavioral pathways.
Modal perspective on the transverse Anderson localization of light in disordered optical lattices (2013)

We present a detailed analysis of the transverse Anderson localization of light in a one-dimensional disordered optical lattice in the language of transversely localized and longitudinally propagating eigenmodes. The modal analysis allows us to explore localization behavior of a disordered lattice waveguide independent of the properties of the external excitation. Various localization-related phenomena, such as the periodic revival of a propagating Anderson-localized beam, are easily explained in modal language. We characterize the localization strength by the average width of the guided modes and carry out a detailed analysis of localization behavior as a function of the optical and geometrical parameters of the disordered lattice. We also show that in order to obtain a minimum average mode width, the average width of the individual random sites in the disordered lattice must be larger than the wavelength of the light by approximately a factor of two or more, and the optimum site width for the maximum localization depends on the design parameters of the disordered lattice.
Planning for Operational Control Systems with Predictable Exogenous Events (2011)

Various operational control systems (OCS) are naturally modeled as Markov Decision Processes. OCS often enjoy access to predictions of future events that have substantial impact on their operations. For example, reliable forecasts of extreme weather conditions are widely available, and such events can affect typical request patterns for customer response management systems, the flight and service time of airplanes, or the supply and demand patterns for electricity. The space of exogenous events impacting OCS can be very large, prohibiting their modeling within the MDP; moreover, for many of these exogenous events there is no useful predictive, probabilistic model. Realtime predictions, however, possibly with a short lead-time, are often available. In this work we motivate a model which combines offline MDP infinite horizon planning with realtime adjustments given specific predictions of future exogenous events, and suggest a framework in which such predictions are captured and trigger real-time planning problems. We propose a number of variants of existing MDP solution algorithms, adapted to this context, and evaluate them empirically.
A New Type of Drop-In Microstrip Circulator on Soft Substrate Materials (1985)

The paper describes a new type of microstrip circulator which is constructed on a metal plate-backed Teflon laminate. A theoretical investigation of the split-resonance bandwidth for different microstrip circulator types is carried out using a mode matching technique. The theoretically scattering parameters of the ferrite junction are compared to practical measurements. Results obtained from a three-port circulator operating in the 4-GHz range will be supplied.
Molecular Cloning of cDNAs Encoding Bovine and Human Lactoperoxidase (1990)

Peptide sequences obtained from cyanogen bromide fragments of bovine lactoperoxidase (bLPO) were used to design oligonucleotide probes for library screening. These probes were used to screen a cDNA library constructed from bovine mammary tissue. Three overlapping clones were obtained, the longest of which (T3) contained a reading frame of 712 amino acid residues. The encoded amino acid sequence was homologous to those recently reported for myelo-, thyro-, and eosinophil peroxidases. Two possible amino termini of the mature enzyme were identified, and the predicted mature protein matched previous molecular weight estimates of 78,500. Of eight bovine tissues tested, transcription of T3 sequences were detected in mammary tissue only. Using the bLPO cDNA as a probe, a single hybridizing clone was found in a human mammary gland cDNA library. This clone (M1) encoded the carboxy-terminal 324 residues of a peroxidase distinct from the other three known human peroxidases, and was closely related to bLPO. This result confirms the presence of at least one distinct lactoperoxidase in humans.
The Roles of Supernumerical X Chromosomes and <i>XIST</i> Expression in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors (2003)

The current data may suggest the potential oncogenic implications of X chromosomal gain in testicular germ cell tumors.
Isolation and Differentiation of Monocytes–Macrophages from Human Blood (2011)

The prevalence of fungal infections remains high, and it is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Macrophages are heterogeneous population of effectors enriched in regions of Candida colonization. These cells sense Candida, and are critical in the resolution of these infections. Here, we describe how macrophages are generated in the presence of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1); an important cytokine required for the survival, proliferation and ex-vivo differentiation of monocytes to macrophages.
Purinergic drugs: Opportunities in the 1990s (1993)

Abstract The premise that purinergic nucleosides and nucleotides subserve roles as autocrine agents, neurotransmitters, or neuromodulators has been well established over the past 20 years. Mechanistically, adenosine, the endogenous ligand for P 1 type purinoceptors, acts to modulate the release of a variety of neurotransmitters as well as modulating the effects of such agents at the postsynaptic level. P 2 receptor agonists, including ATP and ADP, appear to act more like traditional neurotransmitters undergoing quantal release and producing their effects directly through G‐protein linked receptors or ligand gated ion channels. There is, however, little direct evidence at this time for pathophysiologies directly attributable to purinoceptor malfunction. Nonetheless, the adenosine formed from ATP breakdown appears to play a protective role in hypoxic and ischemic situations. And adenosine A 1 agonists as well as agents that act to potentiate the actions of endogenous adenosine (AICA riboside, adenosine uptake blockers, adenosine kinase inhibitors etc.) are being evaluated for use in stroke and reperfusion injury. A 1 receptor agonists may also have potential as anticonvulsants and in the treatment of type II diabetes. A 2a receptor ligands because of their unique co‐localization with D 2 receptor containing neurons in the striatopalladial pathway of the basal ganglia may have potential use in the treatment of diseases involving dopaminergic malfunction for instance, Parkinsonism and schizophrenia. Agonists therapy may, however, be limited by the non‐specific actions of agonists at nontarget tissues and the tolerance typically associated with chronic agonist therapy. As a result, there is increased focus on indirect modulation of adenosine systems by either adenosine potentiators or allosteric modulators, the latter class including PD 81, 723 and the newly discovered peptide, adenoregulin. Approaches to adenosine antagonists and therapeutic agents have resulted in the identification of 8‐substituted xanthines including KFM 19 and MDL 102, 234 that are currently being evaluated as cognition enhancers with potential use in Alzheimer's disease. While chemistry in the area of P 2 purinoceptor has been limited, ATP itself may have potential use in the treatment of cancer and shock. Continued progress in the understanding of the physiological role of the various classes of purinoceptor has the potential to lead to novel therapeutics in the 1990s. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interaction of mRNAs for Angiotensin II Type 1 and Type 2 Receptors to Vascular Remodeling in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (1998)

We administered angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor type 1 (AT1) blockade (losartan, 40 mg x kg-1 x d-1), type II receptor (AT2) blockade (PD123319, 100 mg x kg-1 x d-1), or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (enalapril, 30 mg x kg-1 x d-1) to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) from 10 to 20 weeks of age. Control SHR and Wister-Kyoto rats (WKY) received a placebo for the same period. At the end of treatment, losartan and enalapril were both found to have significantly reduced the arterial systolic blood pressure and the collagen concentration to the level of WKY, whereas PD123319 had no effect. Enalapril and PD123319 significantly reduced the media cross-sectional area of the aorta in comparison to that of untreated SHR, which was still larger than that of the WKY; however, losartan did not change it. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we next examined the mRNA expressions for ACE, AT1 receptor, and AT2 receptor in experimental animals. We observed significantly enhanced mRNA expression for AT1 and AT2 receptors and ACE in untreated SHR compared with WKY. The AT1 mRNA level was also significantly decreased in the SHR treated with either losartan or enalapril, whereas the AT2 mRNA level was significantly decreased in the SHR treated with either PD123319 or enalapril in comparison to untreated SHR. The level of ACE mRNA was significantly decreased only in the SHR treated with enalapril. These results indicate that AT1 receptor, but not AT2 receptor, plays a crucial role in the remodeling of matrix tissue, while AT2 receptor may play a role in the development of hypertrophy of smooth muscle in aorta in SHR, and that the reduction of hypertrophy of smooth muscle does not fully account for the suppression of hypertension.
Cyclooxygenase-2-Derived Prostaglandin E2 and Lipoxin A4 Accelerate Resolution of Allergic Edema in <i>Angiostrongylus costaricensis-</i> Infected Rats: Relationship with Concurrent Eosinophilia (2000)

In noninfected rats, challenge with allergen following local IgE sensitization induced a pleurisy marked by intense protein exudation that plateaued from 30 min to 4 h after challenge, reducing thereafter. Infection of rats with Angiostrongylus costaricensis induced a 5-fold increase in blood eosinophil numbers by 25 days postinfection, whereas the numbers of eosinophils in the pleural cavity ranged from normal to a weak increase. In infected rats, identically sensitized, challenge with Ag induced a much shorter duration of pleural edema with complete resolution by 4 h, but no change in the early edema response. In parallel, infection increased the number of eosinophils recovered from the pleural cavity at 4 h, but not at 30 min, following allergen challenge. Pretreatment with IL-5 (100 IU/kg, i.v.) also increased eosinophil numbers in blood and, after allergen challenge, shortened the duration of the pleural edema and increased pleural eosinophil numbers. There were increases in the levels of both PGE2 and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) in pleural exudate. Selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, NS-398, meloxicam, and SC-236, did not alter pleural eosinophilia, but reversed the curtailment of the edema in either infected or IL-5-pretreated rats. Pretreatment of noninfected animals with the PGE analogue, misoprostol, or two stable LXA4 analogues did not alter the magnitude of pleural exudation response, but clearly shortened its duration. These results indicate that the early resolution of allergic pleural edema observed during A. costaricensis infection coincided with a selective local eosinophilia and seemed to be mediated by COX-2-derived PGE2 and LXA4.
[Inhibition mechanism of Polyporus versicolor laccase by halide ions]. (1981)

A kinetic study of inhibition of Polyporus versicolor laccase activity by fluoride-, chloride- and bromide ions has been carried out. It has been found that the fluoride ion is a non-competitive inhibitor with respect to the electron donor and a mixed inhibitor with respect to oxygen. However, the chloride and bromide ions are competitive inhibitors with respect to the electron donor. The constants of inhibition of the enzyme activity by both chloride and fluoride ions and the catalytic constant were found to be pH-dependent. Based on the pH-dependence of the catalytic constant, an existence of two ionogenic groups in the enzyme active site has been proposed. The existence of an alternative electron pathway in the enzyme active site is postulated. This pathway makes a noticeable contribution to the reaction rate when the concentration of the electron donor and the fluoride ion is high. This alternative electron pathway can be blocked by the chloride ions and the hydroxyl ions taken at high concentrations. A formal kinetic description of this phenomenon has been given and the role of the type 2 Cu2+ in the catalytic process has been evaluated.
Record amplifier span of 105 km in a soliton transmissionexperimentat 10 Gbit/s over 1 Gm (1995)

A record amplifier span of 105 km has been achieved in a soliton transmission experiment at 10 Gbit/s by making use of in-line synchronous modulation in a recirculating loop. Transmission over 1 Gm demonstrates once more the efficiency of this type of technique.
Optic lenses manufactured on fiber ends (2015)

Different types of fiber lenses have formed a large family of fiber components in fiber laser, medical, and telecom industries. By using CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser fusion technology, many components with extreme geometries and critical requirements, which were very hard to make in the past, can now be easily manufactured. These newly developed fiber lenses are reviewed and discussed for their merits and key features in this article.
Reinforcement Learning based Recommender System using Biclustering Technique (2018)

A recommender system aims to recommend items that a user is interested in among many items. The need for the recommender system has been expanded by the information explosion. Various approaches have been suggested for providing meaningful recommendations to users. One of the proposed approaches is to consider a recommender system as a Markov decision process (MDP) problem and try to solve it using reinforcement learning (RL). However, existing RL-based methods have an obvious drawback. To solve an MDP in a recommender system, they encountered a problem with the large number of discrete actions that bring RL to a larger class of problems. In this paper, we propose a novel RL-based recommender system. We formulate a recommender system as a gridworld game by using a biclustering technique that can reduce the state and action space significantly. Using biclustering not only reduces space but also improves the recommendation quality effectively handling the cold-start problem. In addition, our approach can provide users with some explanation why the system recommends certain items. Lastly, we examine the proposed algorithm on a real-world dataset and achieve a better performance than the widely used recommendation algorithm.
Cultural Sensitivity Audit Tool for Mental Health Services By G. Sathyamoorthy, E. Minghella, D. Robertson, K. Bhui and R. Ford. London: Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health. 2001. 57 pp. £25.00. ISBN: 1-870-480-50-3 (2002)

Cultural Sensitivity Audit Tool for Mental Health Services By G. Sathyamoorthy, E. Minghella, D. Robertson, K. Bhui and R. Ford. London: Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health. 2001. 57 pp. £25.00. ISBN: 1-870-480-50-3 - Volume 26 Issue 6
Phase-change heterostructure enables ultralow noise and drift for memory operation (2019)

Artificial intelligence and other data-intensive applications have escalated the demand for data storage and processing. New computing devices, such as phase-change random access memory (PCRAM)-based neuro-inspired devices, are promising options for breaking the von Neumann barrier by unifying storage with computing in memory cells. However, current PCRAM devices have considerable noise and drift in electrical resistance that erodes the precision and consistency of these devices. We designed a phase-change heterostructure (PCH) that consists of alternately stacked phase-change and confinement nanolayers to suppress the noise and drift, allowing reliable iterative RESET and cumulative SET operations for high-performance neuro-inspired computing. Our PCH architecture is amenable to industrial production as an intrinsic materials solution, without complex manufacturing procedure or much increased fabrication cost.
Herbicidal efficacy of flucetosulfuron+pyrazosulfuron-ethyl in controlling perennial sedges and sulfonylurea resistant weeds (2006)

This study was conducted to evaluate the herbicidal efficacy of flucetosulfuron+pyrazosulfuron-ethyl against Eleocharis kuroguwai and Scirpus planiculmis and to investigate tank-mix of flucetosulfuron + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl with bentazone and 2,4-D to control sulfonylurea resistant Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides. In controlling E. kuroguwai, flucetosulfuron + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl showed 75% control, lower than that (95%) of bentazone + MCPA, at 29 DAA (days after application), while at 60 DAA it showed 90%, greater than that of (78%) of bentazone + MCPA, with greater control than penoxsulam at all times. In case of Scirpus planiculmis control, flucetosulfuron + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl showed lower activity than bentazone + MCPA but greater than penoxsulam. Flucetosulfuron + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl showed consistently high activities against Echinochloa crus-galli and E. kuroguwai regardless of soil flooding condition, while penoxsulam and bentazone + cyhalofop showed significantly lower activity in 5 cm flooding condition than 0 cm flooding condition. Flucetosulfuron + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl did not control sulfonylurea resistant Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides, while its tank-mix with bentazone or 2,4-D at 2/3 or 1/2-folds of their recommended rates, respectively, provided > 90% control.
Synthetic methods and reactions. 63. Pyridinium poly(hydrogen fluoride) (30% pyridine-70% hydrogen fluoride): a convenient reagent for organic fluorination reactions (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic methods and reactions. 63. Pyridinium poly(hydrogen fluoride) (30% pyridine-70% hydrogen fluoride): a convenient reagent for organic fluorination reactionsGeorge A. Olah, John T. Welch, Yashwant D. Vankar, Mosatomo Nojima, Istvan Kerekes, and Judith A. OlahCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 22, 3872–3881Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01336a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01336a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9804Altmetric-Citations520LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A program for least squares analysis of reassociation and hybridization data (1977)

A computer program is described for the rapid calculation of least squares solutions for data fitted to different functions normally used in reassociation and hybridization kinetic measurements. The equations for the fraction not reacted as a function of Cot follow: First order, exp(-kCot); second order, (1+kCot)-1; variable order, (1+kCot)-n; approximate fraction of DNA sequence remaining single stranded, (1+kCot)-.44; and a function describing the pairing of tracer when the rate constant for the tracer (k) is distinct from the driver rate constant (kd): (formula: see text). Several components may be used for most of these functional forms. The standard deviations of the individual parameters at the solutions are calculated.
Additive Effect of <i>N</i>-Heteroaromatics on Transesterification Catalyzed by Tetranuclear Zinc Cluster (2011)

A catalytic amount of 4-dimethylaminopyridine showed drastic additive effects on transesterification catalyzed by the μ4-oxo-tetranuclear zinc cluster Zn4(OCOCF3)6O, enhancing the catalytic activity by more than 15-fold. The new catalyst system facilitates transesterification of less reactive sterically demanding esters and alcohols.