gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Moving target detection in SAR imagery: experimental results (2002)

The detection of moving targets in SAR imagery has long been recognised as being of considerable utility adding much to the value of the derived information. A major obstacle to the detection of moving targets, however, is the broadening of the clutter spectrum as a result of air or spacecraft motion. This restricts the region of clutter free spectral space in which moving targets may be detected and in some cases (for example space based radar) this region becomes negligible. One potential solution is to use more than one spatial channel of information and examples include the use of displaced phase centre antennas (DPCA) and space-time adaptive processing (STAP). We present an overview of the background theory to dual channel DPCA and demonstrate the potential for clutter cancellation under ideal conditions. We then present results from an experimental dual channel C-band SAR. This allows the detected moving target to be overlaid on the background SAR image and the actual clutter improvement obtained can be compared with that predicted.
An acoustic levitation technique for measuring the rheology of foam (1998)

Understanding the rheological behavior of foams is important as a basic problem in fluid physics, and as a practical problem in many industries. Foams are tremendously important in a variety of applications. The most important quality of a foam in many of these applications is its response to imposed strain, or its rheological behavior. However, there exists almost no experimental data on the rheological properties of real 3-D foams. This is due in large part to the earth-based requirements for contact containment, and to the fact that gravity-induced drainage quickly destroys all but the ‘‘driest’’ foams. A unique method to provide noncontact control and manipulation of foam samples, via acoustic levitation is described. The analysis is outlined which will allow determination of a foam’s yield stress, effective bulk modulus, and effective bulk viscosity from the observed response of a foam sample to quasistatic, step function, and periodic acoustic and ambient pressure changes. Preliminary data will also be presented. [Work supported by NASA.]
Utilization of spectrometric information in linked gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-mass spectrometry (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUtilization of spectrometric information in linked gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-mass spectrometryJohn R. Cooper and Charles L. WilkinsCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 14, 1571–1577Publication Date (Print):July 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00189a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00189a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Generalized IRA Erasure Correcting Codes for Hybrid Iterative/Maximum Likelihood Decoding (2008)

The design of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes under hybrid iterative / maximum likelihood decoding is addressed for the binary erasure channel (BEC). Specifically, we focus on generalized irregular repeat-accumulate (GeIRA) codes, which offer both efficient encoding and design flexibility. We show that properly designed GeIRA codes tightly approach the performance of an ideal maximum distance separable (MDS) code, even for short block sizes. For example, our (2048,1024) code reaches a codeword error rate of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> at channel erasure probability isin= 0.450, where an ideal (2048,1024) MDS code would reach the same error rate at isin = 0.453.
Adaptive recovery of a chirped signal using the RLS algorithm (1997)

This paper studies the performance of the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm in the presence of a general chirped signal and additive white noise. The chirped signal, which is a moving average (MA) signal deterministically shifted in frequency at rate /spl psi/, can be used to model a frequency shift in a received signal. General expressions for the optimum Wiener-Hopf coefficients, one-step recovery and estimation errors, noise and lag misadjustments, and the optimum adaptation constant (/spl beta//sub opt/) are found in terms of the parameters of the stationary MA signal. The output misadjustment is shown to be composed of a noise (/spl xi//sub 0/M/spl beta//2) and lag term (/spl kappa//(/spl beta//sup 2//spl psi//sup 2/)), and the optimum adaptation constant is proportional to the chirp rate as /spl psi//sup 2/3/. The special case of a chirped first-order autoregressive (AR1) process with correlation (/spl alpha/) is used to illustrate the effect the bandwidth (1//spl alpha/) of the chirped signal on the adaptation parameters. It is shown that unlike for the chirped tone, where the /spl beta//sub opt/ increases with the filter length (M), the adaptation constant reaches a maximum for M near the inverse of the signal correlation (1//spl alpha/). Furthermore, there is an optimum filter length for tracking the chirped signal and this length is less than (1//spl alpha/).
System design and analysis of MIMO SFBC CI-OFDM system against the nonlinear distortion and narrowband interference (2008)

The CI-OFDM (carrier interferometry orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) system has been widely studied in the multi-carrier communication system. This CI-OFDM system spreads each information symbol across all N sub-carriers using orthogonal CI spreading codes. The CI-OFDM system can show the advantage of PAPR (peak to average power ratio) reduction and frequency diversity gains without any loss in the communication throughput. On the other hand, a great attention has been devoted to MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna array systems and space-time-frequency processing. In this paper, focusing on the two Tx (transmit) / one Rx (receive) antennas and two Tx / two Rx antennas configuration, we evaluate the performance of MIMO OFDM and MIMO CI- OFDM system. SFBC (space frequency block coding) coding is applied into both MIMO OFDM system and MIMO CI-OFDM system. For CI-OFDM realization, digital implemented CI-OFDM structure is used in which CI code spreading operation and carrier allocation are separately processed by simple IFFT type operation. From the simulation results, it is shown that MIMO SFBC CI-OFDM reduces PAPR significantly compared with MIMO SFBC-OFDM system. The out-of band re-growth of signal spectrum in MIMO SFBC CI-OFDM system is much smaller than MIMO SFBC OFDM. In the NBI (narrow band interference) channel MIMO SFBC CI-OFDM system achieves considerable BER improvement, compared with the MIMO SFBC-OFDM system in which error floor occurs in most of SNR range. So, it can be expected that MIMO SFBC CI-OFDM system is very useful for the high speed communication system in the situation of nonlinear HPA (high power amplifier) and NBI channel.
Enhanced nonenzymatic glucosylation of human serum albumin in diabetes mellitus. (1979)

Use of an ion exchange chromatographic method and a colorimetric method with thiobarbituric acid showed that levels of nonenzymatically glucosylated serum albumin were increased in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus compared to controls. The two methods correlated well (r = 0.99) and clearly discriminated between normal and poorly controlled diabetic populations. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin were also measured in both populations. Several patients apparently in good control based on glycosylated hemoglobin measurements were found to have increased levels of glycosylated albumin. Because albumin has a shorter circulating half-life than does the human erythrocyte, the plasma concentration of glucosylated albumin should be expected to reflect short-term control of hyperglycemia in diabetes. The studies reported here suggest that the level of glucosylated albumin may indeed be a sensitive indicator of moderate hyperglycemia and of early glucose intolerance.
Schistosome Satellite DNA Encodes Active Hammerhead Ribozymes (1998)

Using a computer program designed to search for RNA structural motifs in sequence databases, we have found a hammerhead ribozyme domain encoded in the Smalpha repetitive DNA of Schistosoma mansoni. Transcripts of these repeats are expressed as long multimeric precursor RNAs that cleave in vitro and in vivo into unit-length fragments. This RNA domain is able to engage in both cis and trans cleavage typical of the hammerhead ribozyme. Further computer analysis of S. mansoni DNA identified a potential trans cleavage site in the gene coding for a synaptobrevin-like protein, and RNA transcribed from this gene was efficiently cleaved by the Smalpha ribozyme in vitro. Similar families of repeats containing the hammerhead domain were found in the closely related Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosomatium douthitti species but were not present in Schistosoma japonicum or Heterobilharzia americana, suggesting that the hammerhead domain was not acquired from a common schistosome ancestor.
Palmitoyl acyltransferase Aph2 in cardiac function and the development of cardiomyopathy (2015)

Protein palmitoylation regulates many aspects of cell function and is carried out by acyl transferases that contain zf-DHHC motifs. The in vivo physiological function of protein palmitoylation is largely unknown. Here we generated mice deficient in the acyl transferase Aph2 (Ablphilin 2 or zf-DHHC16) and demonstrated an essential role for Aph2 in embryonic/postnatal survival, eye development, and heart development. Aph2(-/-) embryos and pups showed cardiomyopathy and cardiac defects including bradycardia. We identified phospholamban, a protein often associated with human cardiomyopathy, as an interacting partner and a substrate of Aph2. Aph2-mediated palmitoylation of phospholamban on cysteine 36 differentially alters its interaction with PKA and protein phosphatase 1 α, augmenting serine 16 phosphorylation, and regulates phospholamban pentamer formation. Aph2 deficiency results in phospholamban hypophosphorylation, a hyperinhibitory form. Ablation of phospholamban in Aph2(-/-) mice histologically and functionally alleviated the heart defects. These findings establish Aph2 as a critical in vivo regulator of cardiac function and reveal roles for protein palmitoylation in the development of other organs including eyes.
High Voltage Transmission Equipment Forced Outage Statistics Including Different Fault Types (2008)

This paper describes the mid-continent area power pool (MAPP) transmission equipment outage data collection scheme and presents bulk transmission line average outage statistics for forced outage category for the 230 kV and above systems computed using the data for the ten-year operating period from 1991 to 2000. In addition, a causal and seasonal contribution to forced outages of bulk transmission line is analyzed that helps to identify appropriate remedial actions to improve transmission line reliability. This paper presents selected applications of transmission line forced outage statistics by different MAPP member utilities.
Airgap-less electric motor: A solution for high-torque low-speed applications (2017)

This paper proposes a new category of electric motors able to generate high torque with reduced volume, i.e., high torque density. Such a new design is denominated as an airgapless electrical motor since the rotor touches the stator as it spins. Due to its zero airgap, the proposed motor will maximize the generated torque, allowing such type of motors to be competitive in applications where hydraulic motors are prevalent, i.e., low-speed and high-torque requirements. Unlike hydraulic motor systems that face two major problems with their braking system and also with low efficiency due to a large number of energy conversion stages (i.e., motor-pump, hydraulic connections and the hydraulic motor itself), the proposed electric motor converts electrical energy directly to mechanical energy with no extra braking system necessary and with higher efficiency. A proof-of-concept electric motor prototype along with its drive system is built to validate the theoretical assumptions proposed in this paper.
A conformational switch involving the 915 region of <i>Escherichia coli</i> 16 S ribosomal RNA (1991)

A novel alternative conformation, which involves an interaction between the 5' terminal and 915 regions (E. coli numbering), is proposed after a screening of compiled sequences of small subunit ribosomal RNAs. This conformation contains a pseudoknot helix between residues 12-16 and 911-915, and its formation requires the partial melting of the 5' terminal helix and the disruption of the 17-19/916-918 pseudoknot helix of the classical 16 S rRNA secondary structure. The alternate pseudoknot helix is proximal to the binding site of streptomycin and various mutations in rRNA which confer resistance to streptomycin have been located in each strand of the proposed helix. It is suggested that the presence of streptomycin favours the shift towards the alternate conformation, thereby stabilizing drug binding. Mutations which destabilize the novel pseudoknot helix would restrict the response to streptomycin.
Evidence for two immune inhibitors from Bacillus thuringiensis interfering with the humoral defense system of saturniid pupae (1976)

Mutants of Bacillus thuringiensis lacking either beta-exotoxin or gamma-endotoxin were compared for their virulence using pupae of a giant silk moth. Known doses of viable log-phase bacteria were injected, and the response was followed as the number of viable bacteria in the hemolymph. The results obtained imply that, in the system used, neither the beta-exotoxin nor the gamma-endotoxin and the sporeforming ability are of importance for virulence. Results with sterile culture filtrate from B. thuringiensis have given evidence for the production of two inhibitors, A and B, which interfere with the humoral defense system in pupae of Hyalophora cecropia. Inhibitor A, which blocked the lysis of Escherichia coli,was precipitated by trichloroacetic acid and sensitive to heating. Inhibitor B, which blocked the killing of Bacillus cereus, was soluble in trichloroacetic acid and resistant to 90 degrees C for 5 min. Both inhibitors are believed to contribute to the insecticidal nature of B. thuringiensis.
Homecare Telematics for Peritoneal Dialysis (2007)

Homecare telematics is one of the fastest growing healthcare delivery sectors in the developed world. It is further enhanced as the healthcare delivery paradigm is shifting from doctor and hospital-centred care towards a new model where the citizen becomes responsible for the personalised management of healthcare, delivered in their homes whenever possible. An area of homecare telematics that shows potential is the support of end stage renal disease patients on haemodialysis and/or peritoneal dialysis. This paper reviews current trends in homecare telematics for patients on peritoneal dialysis and highlights some problems and design considerations that prohibit the widespread deployment of such services. It also presents a component-based design, founded on Internet communication protocols and standard interfaces, for the development of homecare services for peritoneal dialysis.
One-shot Learning with Memory-Augmented Neural Networks (2016)

Despite recent breakthroughs in the applications of deep neural networks, one setting that presents a persistent challenge is that of "one-shot learning." Traditional gradient-based networks require a lot of data to learn, often through extensive iterative training. When new data is encountered, the models must inefficiently relearn their parameters to adequately incorporate the new information without catastrophic interference. Architectures with augmented memory capacities, such as Neural Turing Machines (NTMs), offer the ability to quickly encode and retrieve new information, and hence can potentially obviate the downsides of conventional models. Here, we demonstrate the ability of a memory-augmented neural network to rapidly assimilate new data, and leverage this data to make accurate predictions after only a few samples. We also introduce a new method for accessing an external memory that focuses on memory content, unlike previous methods that additionally use memory location-based focusing mechanisms.
Specific antagonists for the myotropic action of angiotensin II and angiotensin I on the isolated rat colon (1971)

Substitutions of 8 phenylalanine with L-alanine and D-phenylalanine abolish the myotropic action of the angiotensin II (AT(II)) analogues and confer inhibitory properties on the molecule. [8-L-Ala]-AT(II) and [8-D-Phe]-AT(II) antagonize specifically the myotropic action of AT(II) and angiotensin I (AT(I)) on the rat colon, while the action of other myotropic agents (acetylcholine, 5 hydroxytryptamine) is not modified.
Electrospray Mass Spectrometry of α and β Chains of Selected Hemoglobins and Their TNBA and TNB Conjugates (1997)

The molecular weights of alpha and beta hemoglobin chains from 15 different vertebrate animal sources and 2 common human variants were determined by electrospray mass spectrometry and compared to the calculated masses based on published amino acid sequences. Conjugates were prepared for 14 of the globins using 2 traditional colorimetric derivatizing reagents, 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) and trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS), and the mass of each conjugate was determined by mass spectrometry.
Human primary prostate tumor cell line, ALVA‐31: A new model for studying the hormonal regulation of prostate tumor cell growth (1993)

A new human prostate tumor cell line (ALVA-31) has been established from a biopsy specimen of primary tumor obtained during prostatectomy. The cell line has been maintained for more than 48 months in stable growth. The in vitro doubling time was determined to be approximately 26 hr. The chromosome number ranged from 24-112, with a modal number of 59 tested over several time points throughout continuous culture. Karyotypic analysis of late-passaged cells demonstrated approximately 70 human chromosomes, 8-14 markers, and two X chromosomes without a Y chromosome. Prostatic origin was confirmed by the expression of both prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase, using specific antisera and immunoradiolabelling techniques. Prostate tumor xenografts were grown in intact male, castrate male, and female athymic mice; however, the rate of tumor growth was clearly dependent upon serum testosterone levels.
The Activity of the Lipophilic Nucleoside Derivatives Elacytarabine and CP-4126 in a Panel of Tumor Cell Lines Resistant to Nucleoside Analogues (2010)

The clinical activity of pyrimidine analogues (araC and gemcitabine) is impaired by different mechanisms of resistance and several efforts to overcome this problem have been undertaken. Elacytarabine (CP-4055, araC-5'elaidic acid ester) and CP-4126 (gemcitabine-5'elaidic acid ester) are lipophilic fatty acid derivatives of the nucleoside analogues araC and gemcitabine, respectively, that are currently investigated in clinical trials in solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Here, we present results on the activity of elacytarabine and CP-4126 in a panel of tumor cell lines that are resistant to araC and gemcitabine and we discuss the potential use of these agents in the treatment of patients with drug resistance phenotypes. We conclude that elacytarabine and CP-4126 are active in cells with deficient nucleoside membrane transport and altered mismatch repair. These results should be taking into consideration for future clinical development of elacyatrabine and CP-4126.
Diamond, a practical radiation counter (1956)

The properties which make diamond an attractive material for a practical conduction counter are discussed and the general theory of conduction counting is outlined. The counting property is thought to be a structural property and this also is responsible for the ill effects of polarization; diamonds, however, have been found which have the natural ability to maintain a steady counting rate for long periods and a method for selecting them is given. It is suggested that, for practical purposes, the diamond should be drilled with a small hole for the inner electrode and mounted at the end of a rigid or flexible cable; finally, the principles of amplification are described in detail.
Control of Out-of-Focus Light Intensity in Confocal Raman Microscopy Using Optical Preprocessing (2009)

Optical preprocessing, the manipulation of imaging-forming light prior to detection, is used in many forms of microscopy to enhance image information and interpretation. The rejection of out-of-focus light by a pinhole in confocal microscopy is an example of optical preprocessing, where spatial filtering is carried out in a plane conjugate to the object focal plane. The rejection efficiency afforded by this arrangement is, however, sometimes insufficient. Insufficient rejection of out-of-focus light intensity can lead to incorrect interpretations of confocal Raman depth and line maps. An alternative approach is to reject out-of-focus light by implementing spatial filtering in one of the several planes conjugate to the pupil plane. This paper shows that mapping enhanced by structured pupils (MESP) provides substantial additional rejection of out-of-focus intensity relative to traditional confocal microscopy, yielding a potential solution to the problem of misleading Raman maps. In addition, lossless MESP is proposed, wherein simple phase masks simultaneously direct in-focus and out-of-focus light intensity transmitted by confocal optics to different regions of a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector.
Crystal structure of aquamagnesiumphthalocyanine,(C32H16N8)Mg(H2O) (2002)

Article Crystal structure of aquamagnesiumphthalocyanine,(C32H16N8)Mg(H2O) was published on December 1, 2002 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures (volume 217, issue 1).