gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection and classification mean-shifts in multi-attribute processes by artificial neural networks (2008)

To monitor the quality of a multi-attribute process, some issues arise. One of them being the occurrence of a high number of false alarms (type I error) and the other an increase in the probability of not detecting defects when the process is monitored by a set of independent uni-attribute control charts. In this paper, based upon the artificial neural network capabilities we develop a new methodology to overcome this problem. We design a perceptron neural network to monitor either the proportions of several types of product nonconformities (instead of using several np charts) or the number of different types of defects (instead of using several c charts) in a product. Moreover, while the proposed method possesses the ability to be applied for small sample sizes, it is also able to diagnose the mean shift online. We present two simulation experiments in which the proportions of several types of nonconformities are monitored. In addition, we present one more simulation experiment in which the number of different types of defect is controlled. We also compare the performance of the proposed methodology with the ones from the Mnp and T 2 charts for multi-attribute processes. The results of the simulation studies are encouraging.
Additive Manufacturing of Aerospace Alloys for Aircraft Structures (2006)

Abstract : The Materials & Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/ML) has been actively involved in R&D activities associated with fusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) of aerospace alloys since the late 1990's. The primary focus of these activities has been the use of AeroMet's LAM(SM) (laser additive manufacturing) process to produce Ti-6Al-4V structures. Many similar processes are under development elsewhere, including electron-beam-, plasma-transferred-arc-, and conventional welding-based AM processes. Many of the lessons learned during the development of LAM(SM) are directly applicable to these related processes. A key portion of the AFRL/ML LAM(SM) effort was the formation of a multi-disciplinary team to identify potential applications, technical gaps, and barriers to implementation. This team worked closely with various DoD and contractor organizations to develop and execute a roadmap for transitioning LAM(SM) into production of flight-qualified aircraft hardware. A review of the evolution of LAM(SM) from laboratory to production is presented with a focus on the unique aspects of LAM(SM) as compared to more conventional product forms. The challenges of developing and qualifying AM processes for aerospace use are also highlighted.
Study of Origin of Shape Memory Effect for TiNi Alloy byPositron Annihilation (1998)

Ti-51Ni 的很多个标本(在。%) 显示出可逆形状记忆效果(RSME ) 的合金至于可逆性和正电子歼灭的 S-line-shape 参数被测量了。显示出好记忆效果的 Ti-51Ni 标本包含结构的缺点，这被发现。包括结构的缺点的并非所有标本(或结构的瑕疵) 能展出好记忆效果。结构的缺点不得不在密度适当，既不太多也不也小。没有或太多结构的缺点好 RSME 不能发生。它是充分同样重要结构的缺点作为它存在，这为在密度适当以便获得好 RSME 的结构的缺点。(编辑作者摘要) 10 个裁判员。
Polarity of TRH receptors in transfected MDCK cells is independent of endocytosis signals and G protein coupling (1996)

Information concerning the molecular sorting of G protein-coupled receptors in polarized epithelial cells is limited. Therefore, we have expressed the receptor for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to determine its distribution in a model cell system and to begin analyzing the molecular information responsible for its distribution. Equilibrium binding of [methyl-3H]TRH to apical and basolateral surfaces of polarized MDCK cells reveals that TRH receptors are expressed predominantly (>80%) on the basolateral cell surface. Receptors undergo rapid endocytosis following agonist binding; up to 80% are internalized in 15 min. A mutant receptor missing the last 59 residues, C335Stop, is poorly internalized (<10%) but is nevertheless basolaterally expressed (>85%). A second mutant TRH receptor, delta218-263, lacks essentially all of the third intracellular loop and is not coupled to G proteins on binding agonist. This receptor internalizes TRH approximately half as efficiently as wild-type TRH receptors but is nevertheless strongly polarized to the basolateral surface (>90%). These results indicate that molecular sequences responsible for basolateral accumulation of TRH receptors can be segregated from signals for ligand-induced receptor endocytosis and coupling to heterotrimeric G proteins.
Mechanistic Investigations of the Stereoselective Rare Earth Metal‐Mediated Ring‐Opening Polymerization of β‐Butyrolactone (2015)

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is produced by numerous bacteria as carbon and energy reserve storage material. Whereas nature only produces PHB in its strictly isotactic (R) form, homogeneous catalysis, when starting from racemic (rac) β-butyrolactone (BL) as monomer, can in fact produce a wide variety of tacticities. The variation of the metal center and the surrounding ligand structure enable activity as well as tacticity tuning. However, no homogeneous catalyst exists to date that is easy to modify, highly active, and able to produce PHB with high isotacticities from rac-β-BL. Therefore, in this work, the reaction kinetics of various 2-methoxyethylamino-bis(phenolate) lanthanide (Ln=Sm, Tb, Y, Lu) catalysts are examined in detail. The order in monomer and catalyst are determined to elucidate the reaction mechanism and the results are correlated with DFT calculations of the catalytic cycle. Furthermore, the enthalpies and entropies of the rate-determining steps are determined through temperature-dependent in situ IR measurements. Experimental and computational results converge in one specific mechanism for the ring-opening polymerization of BL and even allow us to rationalize the preference for syndiotactic PHB.
Surfactants and Molecular Modeling (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Molecular Mechanics Methods Quantum Mechanical Methods Energy Minimization Procedure Computer Simulation Methods Surfactant Systems Five Selected Systems Summary of Representative Modeling Studies General References Problems
Networked diagnostic communications in avionics support (2002)

Accurate diagnosis of avionics failures is being complicated by increasing complexity in the prime system, combined with COTS maintenance documentation and software that tend to be less comprehensive and more difficult to keep current, when compared to that of specially developed systems. These complications, and their potentially negative impact on diagnostic effectiveness and mission readiness, can be alleviated by using modern network technology to provide an "expert presence" at the local maintenance site, even though the expertise to solve a given diagnostic problem may be distributed among several remote locations. Expert presence includes, but is not limited to, video conferencing. Uploading of cockpit video, as well as special documentation and software downloads may also be employed.
Quick-VDR: interactive view-dependent rendering of massive models (2005)

We present a novel approach for interactive view-dependent rendering of massive models. Our algorithm combines view-dependent simplification, occlusion culling, and out-of-core rendering. We represent the model as a clustered hierarchy of progressive meshes (CHPM). We use the cluster hierarchy for coarse-grained selective refinement and progressive meshes for fine-grained local refinement. We present an out-of-core algorithm for computation of a CHPM that includes cluster decomposition, hierarchy generation, and simplification. We make use of novel cluster dependencies in preprocess to generate crack-free, drastic simplifications at runtime. The clusters are used for occlusion culling and out-of-core rendering. We add a frame of latency to the rendering pipeline to fetch newly visible clusters from the disk and to avoid stalls. The CHPM reduces the refinement cost for view-dependent rendering by more than an order of magnitude as compared to a vertex hierarchy. We have implemented our algorithm on a desktop PC. We can render massive CAD, isosurface, and scanned models, consisting of tens or a few hundreds of millions of triangles at 10-35 frames per second with little loss in image quality.
Wafer Map Defect Pattern Classification and Image Retrieval Using Convolutional Neural Network (2018)

Wafer maps provide important information for engineers in identifying root causes of die failures during semiconductor manufacturing processes. We present a method for wafer map defect pattern classification and image retrieval using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Twenty eight thousand six hundred synthetic wafer maps for 22 defect classes are generated theoretically and used for CNN training, validation, and testing. The overall classification accuracy for the 6600 test dataset is 98.2%. One thousand one hundred and ninety one real wafer maps are used for CNN performance evaluation for the same model trained by synthetic wafer maps. We demonstrate that by using only synthetic data for network training, real wafer maps can be classified with high accuracy. For image retrieval, a binary code for each wafer map is generated from an output of a fully connected layer with sigmoid activation. A retrieval error rate is 0.36% for the test dataset and 3.7% for the real wafers. Image retrieval takes 0.13 s per wafer map from the 18 000 wafer map library.
Diastereochemically Controlled Porphyrin Dimer Formation on a DNA Duplex Scaffold (2008)

DNA-porphyrin conjugates were designed and synthesized for the preparation of the conformationally controlled porphyrin dimer structures constructed on a d(GCGTATACGC)2. Porphyrin derivatives were introduced to the central TATpA sequence where p represents the phosphoramidate for the attachment of the free-base porphyrin (FbP) and zinc-coordinated porphyrin (ZnP), which allows contact of the two porphyrins in the minor groove. The porphyrin dimers were characterized using CD, UV-vis, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies, indicating that the porphyrins form face-to-face conformations. Also the co-facial conformation was confirmed by comparison with spectra of the non-self-complementary duplex containing one porphyrin moiety. Introduction of zinc into porphyrin moiety destabilized the duplex formation. Two diastereomers showed different thermal stabilities and affected the conformations of porphyrin dimers. The temperature-dependent assembly and the conformational change of the porphyrin dimer on the duplex DNA were observed in the UV-vis spectra, indicating that the dynamic movement of the porphyrin dimer occurs on the duplex. The results indicate that the porphyrin dimers of DNA-FbP conjugates are overlapped clockwise and are located in the minor groove of the usual B-form DNA backbone. The interaction and conformation of two porphyrin moieties are controlled by the following three factors: (1) temperature change during and after formation of the duplex porphyrins at lower temperature; (2) diastereochemistry of the phosphoramidates where porphyrins are connected via a linker; and (3) zinc ion coordination that destabilizes the interaction of porphyrins as well duplex formation.
A multi-chip module implementation of a neural network (2002)

The requirement for dense interconnect in artificial neural network systems has led researchers to seek high-density interconnect technologies. This paper reports an implementation using multi-chip modules (MCMs) as the interconnect medium. The specific system described is a self-organizing, parallel, and dynamic learning model which requires a dense interconnect technology for effective implementation; this requirement is fulfilled by exploiting MCM technology. The ideas presented in this paper regarding an MCM implementation of artificial neural networks are versatile and can be adapted to apply to other neural network and connectionist models.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Constraint Based Space Planning: A Case Study (2000)

The initial design process usually requires a long incubation time for architects to bring together form and function. In this exciting and painful process, architects use their professional training to adjust the relationship between spaces, and include the requirements from the clients. The computer has the potential to be the key and the most powerful tool in this long process. In the software market, the software packages for architecture now are mostly for computing values or drafting. They are not very helpful in the design process.
Quantum yield of luminescence of Ag nanoclusters dispersed within transparent bulk glass vs. glass composition and temperature (2012)

The intensity, lifetime, and quantum yield of luminescence of Ag nanoclusters dispersed within transparent oxyfluoride glass host are shown to vary over an order of magnitude with varying glass composition and temperature. In particular, the yield may vary with glass composition from 2% to 30% at room temperature and up to 50% with decreasing temperature to 25 K, when excited at some wavelengths in ultraviolet. These variations are suggested to be governed by the change in the F-interstitials/Frenkel defects concentration, and temperature dependence of spin flip and F-interstitials assisted non-radiative decay of the photoexcited electrons on Ag nanoclusters.
Formation of Highly Reactive Cyclopentenone Isoprostane Compounds (A3/J3-Isoprostanes) in Vivo from Eicosapentaenoic Acid (2008)

Omega-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) found in marine fish oils are known to suppress inflammation associated with a wide variety of diseases. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is one of the most abundant omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil, but the mechanism(s) by which EPA exerts its beneficial effects is unknown. Recent studies, however, have demonstrated that oxidized EPA, rather than native EPA, possesses anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative effects. Very few studies to date have investigated which EPA oxidation products are responsible for this bioactivity. Our research group has previously reported that anti-inflammatory prostaglandin A(2)-like and prostaglandin J(2)-like compounds, termed A(2)/J(2)-isoprostanes (IsoPs), are produced in vivo by the free radical-catalyzed peroxidation of arachidonic acid and represent one of the major products resulting from the oxidation of this PUFA. Based on these observations, we questioned whether cyclopentenone-IsoP compounds are formed from the oxidation of EPA in vivo. Herein, we report the formation of cyclopentenone-IsoP molecules, termed A(3)/J(3)-IsoPs, formed in abundance in vitro and in vivo from EPA peroxidation. Chemical approaches coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) were used to structurally characterize these compounds as A(3)/J(3)-IsoPs. We found that levels of these molecules increase approximately 200-fold with oxidation of EPA in vitro from a basal level of 0.8 +/- 0.4 ng/mg EPA to 196 +/- 23 ng/mg EPA after 36 h. We also detected these compounds in significant amounts in fresh liver tissue from EPA-fed rats at basal levels of 19 +/- 2 ng/g tissue. Amounts increased to 102 +/- 15 ng/g tissue in vivo in settings of oxidative stress. These studies have, for the first time, definitively characterized novel, highly reactive A/J-ring IsoP compounds that form in abundance from the oxidation of EPA in vivo.
A effective SINR link to system mapping method for CQI feedback in TD-LTE system (2011)

This paper gives an overview of the so-called link performance model used in TD-LTE (Time Division-Long Term Evolution) system level simulations to determine the link CQI (channel quality Indicator) at reduced complexity of UE (User Equipment). Mainly, effective SINR methods including EESM and MIESM account for the instantaneous channel realization and other configurations and utilize the post processing SINR to compute the effective SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio). Then UE reports CQI values, depending on a linear mapping function from effective SNR to a corresponding CQI value. The simulation shows that EESM and MIESM algorithms bring a similar throughput performance comparing to the ideal CQI choice, but mapping function of EESM method is simpler than MIESM method. Also, EESM method requires all subcarriers to apply the same MCS, which is suitable for TD-LTE system. Therefore, TD-LTE wireless integrated testing instrument adopts EESM method to realize effective SINR link to system mapping.
Cash Flow Forecasting Model for General Contractors Using Moving Weights of Cost Categories (2005)

This research introduces the development of a project-level cash flow forecasting model from a general contractor’s viewpoint. While most previous models have been proposed to assist contractors in forecasting cash flow in the early stage of pretendering or the planning phase, this paper aims to provide a tool that can be applicable during the construction phase based on the planned earned value and the actual incurred cost on a jobsite level. The critical key to cash flow forecasting at this level lies in how to build a realistic cash-out model. Toward the end, this paper adopts moving weights of cost categories in a budget that are variable depending on the progress of construction works. In addition, it addresses time lags in accordance with the contractual payment conditions and credit times given by suppliers or vendors. As for the cash-in model, net planned monthly earned values are simply transferred to the cash-in forecast with a consideration of billing time and retention money. Validation of the proposed model involves applying realistic data from four ongoing projects. Based on the results of comparative analyses, the writers conclude that the proposed model is more accurate and reliable, yet simpler to field engineers who are generally not familiar with certain intricate financial knowledge.
Gender and Programming Contests: Mitigating Exclusionary Practices (2006)

Individuals vary across many dimensions due to the effects of gender-based, personality, and cultural differences. Consequently, programming contests with a limited and restrictive structure (e.g., scoring system, questioning style) are most favourable and attractive to a specific set of individuals with the characteristics that best match this structure. We suggest that a more inclusive and flexible structure will allow contests to be more appealing to a wider range of participants by being less biased towards specific traits. As well, by making contests more broadly appealing, they become better post secondary recruiting tools that can potentially be used to attract under-represented populations to the discipline of computer science. In this paper, we focus on gender-based differences and the effect of a competition's structure on female participants.
Fiber Flax Farming Practices in the Southeastern United States (2003)

Flax fiber and oilseed use is increasing in textiles, composites, paper/pulp and industrial/nutritional oil sectors in the U.S. As a winter crop, flax fits well into double‐cropping systems in the southeastern U.S. Flax can be harvested as an early crop for fiber, with attached immature seeds, or harvested as a late, mature crop, for both seed and fiber production. Flax can be grown and harvested for fiber using equipment that is readily available and well understood by U.S. farmers.
A cephalometric study of mandibular development and its relationship to the mandibular and occlusal planes. (1970)

Abstract No Abstract Available. *From a thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Dental Science, Tufts Univ. School of Dental Medicine.
Linking Conductive Filament Properties and Evolution to Synaptic Behavior of RRAM Devices for Neuromorphic Applications (2017)

We perform a comparative study of HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> resistive switching memory (RRAM) devices for their possible application as electronic synapses. By means of electrical characterization and simulations, we link their electrical behavior (digital or analog switching) to the properties and evolution of the conductive filament (CF). More specifically, we identify that bias-polarity-dependent digital switching in HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> RRAM is primarily related to the creation and rupture of an oxide barrier. Conversely, the modulation of the CF size in Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> RRAM allows bias-polarity-independent analog switching with multiple states. Therefore, when the Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> RRAM is used to implement a synapse in multilayer perceptron neural networks operated by back-propagation algorithms, patterns in handwritten digits can be recognized with high accuracy.
Response surface optimization of mixed substrate solid state fermentation for the production of lovastatin by <i>Monascus purpureus</i> (2009)

Abstract The objective of this work is to enhance the production of lovastatin using Monascus purpureus MTCC 369 in mixed substrate solid state fermentation using various solid substrates and to optimize the combination of the solid substrates by response surface methodology. Solid state fermentation was conducted in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask at 30°C for 14 days with initial moisture content of 40% and inoculum size of 10% active culture. Barley, long grain rice and sago starch were found to be the suitable substrates producing maximum lovastatin of 193.7 mg, 190.2 mg and 180.9 mg/g of dry solids. These substrates were further used in various combinations as designed by the central composite design for enhancing the lovastatin production using Monascus purpureus . To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on the production of lovastatin using a mixed substrate solid state fermentation using Monascus purpureus .