gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Reliability and Validity of Handheld Dynamometry for the Measurement of Lower-Extremity Muscle Strength in Older Adults (2010)

Lower-extremity muscle strength is important in predicting fall risk in older adults. Handheld dynamometry (HHD) is a tool used to measure isometric muscle strength in the older adult, but few studies have evaluated the utility of HHD for muscle groups beyond knee extension. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of HHD at the hip, knee, and ankle and to compare HHD strength values to other isometric dynamometry (ID) and to balance and recovery in older adults. This was a repeated measures study design of 18 men and women, age 65 to 92 years of age, who had HHD strength testing 3 to 7 days apart by the same examiner and repeat testing on the same day using 2 independent examiners. ID strength, balance, step length, and reaction time were measured once. HHD demonstrated good intrarater and interrater reliability for isometric strength at the hip and knee but was not a reliable measure for ankle strength. The HHD was a valid measure of isometric strength at the hip and knee, demonstrating moderate to high correlation values when compared to ID strength measures (r = 0.57-0.86; p < 0.05). Hip and knee strength was positively associated to step length and reaction time but not to balance (r = 0.40-0.71; p < 0.05). In conclusion, HHD is a reliable and valid assessment tool for measuring strength at the hip and knee in older adults, and greater strength in these muscles is associated with longer step length and decreased reaction time, which are important components of balance recovery in older adults. HHD can be used as an effective strength measurement tool for the older adult population.
Developmental Expression of an<i>amn<sup>+</sup></i>Transgene Rescues the Mutant Memory Defect of<i>amnesiac</i>Adults (1999)

The Drosophila memory gene amnesiac (amn) has been proposed to encode a neuropeptide protein, which includes regions homologous to vertebrate pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP; Feany and Quinn, 1995). Definitive experiments to link this gene to memory formation, however, have not yet been accomplished (Kandel and Abel, 1995). The experiments described here demonstrate that the putative amn transcript is involved in adult memory formation. With the use of a UAS-amn(+) transgene, we show complete rescue of memory defects in amn(28A), a mutant allele caused by the insertion of a GAL4 enhancer trap transposon (Moore et al., 1998). Study of the amn(28A) reporter reveals widespread expression in the adult brain but also enriched expression in the embryonic and larval nervous systems. To begin addressing the temporal requirement of amn in memory, we asked whether the memory defects could be rescued by restricting transgenic expression to the adult stage. A heat-shock regimen shown previously to rescue fully the amn ethanol sensitivity defect (Moore et al., 1998) failed to rescue the memory defect. These results, coupled with previous genetic and anatomical studies, suggest that adult memory formation and ethanol sensitivity have different temporal and spatial requirements for amn.
Pharmacodynamics of Recombinant IFN-β During Long-Term Treatment of Malignant Melanoma (1996)

The pharmacodynamics and biologic activities of recombinant human interferon-beta (rHuIFN-beta) derived from chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were examined during long-term therapy in 7 melanoma patients. The CHO-derived rHuIFN-beta was given s.c. in a dose of 3 x 10(6) U three times per week for 24 weeks. Serum levels of IFN could not be detected before and 48 h after the s.c. injections. 2'-5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 OAS), beta 2-microglobulin, and neopterin levels increased significantly 48 h after application, with a maximum after 96 h. Subsequently, the values decreased and remained only slightly elevated during the long-term therapy. Natural killer (NK) cell activity increased in the first 96 h significantly and fell below pretreatment values after 4 weeks. The decrease of biologic response could not be attributed to the occurrence of anti-IFN-beta antibodies because only 2 of the 7 patients developed neutralizing antibodies after 16 and 24 weeks of treatment, respectively. This trial confirms the biologic potency of CHO-derived rHuIFN-beta. However, the selected parameters demonstrate that immunostimulation is only possible over a short treatment period.
New SLM Technique with Low Complexity Based on Matrices Combined with DCT Transform for PAPR Reduction in OFDM Communication Systems (2012)

Abstract Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an efficient method of data transmission for high speed communication systems. However, the main drawback of OFDM systems is that, it exhibits high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the transmitted signals which causes inefficient use of the High Power Amplifier (HPA) and could limit transmission efficiency. OFDM consist of large number of independent subcarriers, as a result of which the amplitude of such a signal can have a high peak values. Selected Mapping (SLM) technique is one of the promising PAPR reduction techniques for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). But this reduction technique results in a huge amount of computation complexity which is costly and time consuming. This technique however increases the computational and phase search complexity and PAPR reduction is performance largely dependent on the selection of random phase sequences. In this paper, one effective PAPR reduction scheme is proposed. These techniques combine the DCT with SLM techniques and we proposed the use of Hanowa, Riemann, and Hilbert matrices to obtain phase sequences for the SLM. The experimental results clearly prove that Hanowa matrix approach offers the best PAPR reduction in comparison with the SLM scheme using other matrices for phase sequence. This approach also avoids randomness in phase sequence selection, which makes it simpler to decode at the receiver. As added benefits, the matrix can be generated at the receiver end to obtain the data signal and hence it is not required to transmit Side Information (SI).
Local Ambient Occlusion in Direct Volume Rendering (2009)

This paper presents a novel technique to efficiently compute illumination for Direct Volume Rendering using a local approximation of ambient occlusion to integrate the intensity of incident light for each voxel. An advantage with this local approach is that fully shadowed regions are avoided, a desirable feature in many applications of volume rendering such as medical visualization. Additional transfer function interactions are also presented, for instance, to highlight specific structures with luminous tissue effects and create an improved context for semitransparent tissues with a separate absorption control for the illumination settings. Multiresolution volume management and GPU-based computation are used to accelerate the calculations and support large data sets. The scheme yields interactive frame rates with an adaptive sampling approach for incrementally refined illumination under arbitrary transfer function changes. The illumination effects can give a better understanding of the shape and density of tissues and so has the potential to increase the diagnostic value of medical volume rendering. Since the proposed method is gradient-free, it is especially beneficial at the borders of clip planes, where gradients are undefined, and for noisy data sets.
Comorbidities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2008)

Comorbidities such as cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, and psychological disorders are commonly reported in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but with great variability in reported prevalence. Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for many of these comorbidities as well as for COPD, making it difficult to draw conclusions about the relationship between COPD and these comorbidities. However, recent large epidemiologic studies have confirmed the independent detrimental effects of these comorbidities on patients with COPD. On the other hand, many of these comorbidities are now considered to be part of the commonly prevalent nonpulmonary sequelae of COPD that are relevant not only to the understanding of the real burden of COPD but also to the development of effective management strategies.
Acoustic emission study of lubricant effect on proximity contact recording (1997)

Pseudo-impact contact at the interface between proximity sliders and magnetic rigid disks were investigated by acoustic emission (AE) technique. Under a hot/wet condition of 60/spl deg/C/80%RH and an operation speed of 19.15 m/s., AE responses were collected in real-time to monitor interaction events at the head/disk interface (HDI). The profile of AE responses shows various events at the HDI which can be correlated to the micro-wear of the carbon overcoat and lubricant degradation. These events were also detected by optical surface analysis (OSA). These wear and degradation events indicate the need for choosing the proper lubricant and demonstrate that AE is a suitable tool to detect these events at the head/disk interface.
ABF Algorithms Implemented at ARL:UT, Technical Report Under Contract N00039-91-C-0082, TD No. 01A1002, FDS System Engineering and Acoustics (1992)

Abstract : Two adaptive beamforming (ABF) algorithms have been implemented at ARL:UT in order to assess algorithm performance. Using data obtained with ARL:UT acoustic data acquisition systems, these algorithms are being used to assess performance of future surveillance systems. This report describes the two element-level ABF algorithms implemented thus far at ARL:UT. They are the single point constraint ABF and multiple linear constraint ABF. Both algorithms have a quadratic white noise gain constraint included in the implementation. This report also provides some details on how the algorithms have been programmed on the ARL:UT Alliant mini-supercomputer. Examples of the ABF output are also included and briefly discussed.
Xenon Reduces N -Methyl-d-aspartate and α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid Receptor–mediated Synaptic Transmission in the Amygdala (2008)

In the current study, xenon considerably depressed NMDA and AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the basolateral amygdala without affecting inhibitory synaptic transmission. The results provide evidence that the effects of xenon on NMDA- and AMPA-EPSCs are primarily mediated via postsynaptic mechanisms.
Computer-Interactive Method for Quantifying Cerebrospinal Fluid and Tissue in Brain CT Scans: Effects of Aging (1986)

Presented here is a modification of a previously developed, computed, semiautomated system for quantifying the amount of CSF and tissue on brain CT scans. The technique automatically strips skull from brain and applies a two-dimensional high-pass filter to reduce spectral-shift artifact. The resultant images are presented along with the raw images, section by section, on a screen for fluid-tissue differentiation by a human scorer. This is accomplished by adjusting a one-bit display of the filtered image until a satisfactory separation threshold is found. Data can be summed within or across sections to provide measures of CSF volume in specific regions of interest such as the ventricles and sulci. A major advantage is the improved accuracy of sulcal measurement. This method has been applied to scans of 57 community volunteers, 20-84 years old. High correlations have been established between rankings performed by an experienced clinician and automated rankings (r = 0.88 with rankings based on ventricular size, and r = 0.83 with rankings based on sulcal size). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between computed measures of ventricular size and age and between sulcal widening and age.
Detection of explosives with a coated piezoelectric quartz crystal (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetection of explosives with a coated piezoelectric quartz crystalYutaka. Tomita, Mat H. Ho, and George G. GuilbaultCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 9, 1475–1478Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50045a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50045a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chromosome substitution lines for the analysis of heterosis in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2008)

The Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka publishes the results of research in all aspects of Science and Technology. The journal also has a website at http://www.nsf.gov.lk/. 2021 Impact Factor: 0.682The JNSF provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
A Spiking Network Model of Decision Making Employing Rewarded STDP (2014)

Reward-modulated spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP) combines unsupervised STDP with a reinforcement signal that modulates synaptic changes. It was proposed as a learning rule capable of solving the distal reward problem in reinforcement learning. Nonetheless, performance and limitations of this learning mechanism have yet to be tested for its ability to solve biological problems. In our work, rewarded STDP was implemented to model foraging behavior in a simulated environment. Over the course of training the network of spiking neurons developed the capability of producing highly successful decision-making. The network performance remained stable even after significant perturbations of synaptic structure. Rewarded STDP alone was insufficient to learn effective decision making due to the difficulty maintaining homeostatic equilibrium of synaptic weights and the development of local performance maxima. Our study predicts that successful learning requires stabilizing mechanisms that allow neurons to balance their input and output synapses as well as synaptic noise.
Repair of Small Arteries with Contact Cement and Teflon Graft (1964)

EPAIR and replacement of vessels, particularly those of small caliber, have presented a difficult problem in surgery. I t is recorded 43 that in 1759 Hallowell, an English surgeon, sutured an artery in man for the first time in medical history. Some years later, in 177~, Asman 2 experimentally sutured femoral arteries in 4 dogs. However, it was not until the latter part of 1800 that rather extensive work and animal experimentation in vascular surgery was begun. In 1889 Jassinowsky 3s published the results of his experiments on the carotid arteries of dogs, horses and calves and stated that the arterial wounds could be sutured with preservation of their lumen. The technical difficulties and unsatisfactory results of suturing divided vessels prompted Robert Abbe in 1894 ~ to use artificial tubes for end-to-end anastomosis. He devised a small hourglass-shaped tube made of thin glass to join the two ends of the divided femoral artery in a dog. Three years later a small ivory prosthesis was introduced by Nitze 49 for intima-to-intima anastomosis of a divided vessel. In 1900 Pay# ~ used absorbable magnesium prosthesis and subsequently Jensen 39 from Copenhagen applied bone prosthesis for anastomosing a divided vessel. Carrel 7 and Carrel and Guthrie 1~ obtained remarkable results in vascular surgery in the early 1900s which started their auto-, homo-, heteroand finally organtransplantation experiments on laboratory animals. Their method was a meticulous technique of suturing using silk. Although this technique was accepted by most surgeons,
Structure and dielectric properties of amorphous LiNbO3 thin films prepared by a sputtering deposition (1984)

Thin films of amorphous LiNbO3 were prepared by a sputtering deposition technique. Their structure and dielectric properties were studied. The as-sputtered amorphous LiNbO3 exhibited a dielectric anomaly close to the crystallization temperature. The dielectric anomaly was explained by the dielectric relaxation and the change in microscopic structure. The high dielectric constant and the dielectric relaxation were attributed to the Li ion transfer to the adjacent O-octahedron unit in the micronetwork which is similar to the crystalline LiNbO3.
An apparatus for the measurement of mode cut-off wavelengths of optical fibre waveguides (1971)

An apparatus is described which has proved useful for the accurate measurement of the core diameters of optical fibre waveguides. Methods of recording results and a study of the limitations on the measurement accuracy are presented.
Modelling of Oxygen Diffusion in Pulmonary Capillaries (1997)

Abstract Oxygen (O2) uptake by the lungs occurs from the alveolar air space to hemoglobin (Hb) in the red blood cell (RBC), which can conceptually be separated into membrane and red cell segments (Roughton and Forster Equation) [8]. The objective of this study was to determine O2 uptake using the finite element method (FEM) and assess the effects of geometry. We developed a modified 2D model representing the sheet flow characteristics of the pulmonary capillaries [2]. Analysis of an axisymmetric model of comparable hematocrit (Hct) was also carried out. The Nusselt number was used to assess the efficiency in oxygen transport of these two geometric configurations.
Modification of Crystal Habit and Its Role in Dosage Form Performance (2001)

Crystallization is often employed for purifying a drug substance. Use of different solvents and processing conditions may change the crystal habit, besides altering the polymorphic state. Furthermore, altered habit may result from crystal growth during storage. Hence, there is a need to understand the factors influencing crystal habit and to evaluate critically, its role in the performance of dosage forms. Establishing the physicotechnical properties of different habits of a drug will help to recognize lot-to-lot variations in raw materials and to ensure reproducibility of dosage form performance.
THE MELTING CURVE OF SODIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF AN INCONGRUENT MELTING AT PRESSURES UP TO TWELVE THOUSAND ATMOSPHERES (1930)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE MELTING CURVE OF SODIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF AN INCONGRUENT MELTING AT PRESSURES UP TO TWELVE THOUSAND ATMOSPHERESL. H. Adams and R. E. GibsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1930, 52, 11, 4252–4264Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1930Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1930https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01374a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01374a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views337Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Perspectives for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology (2014)

Induced pluripotent stem cell technology makes in vitro reprogramming of somatic cells from individuals with various genetic backgrounds possible. By applying this technology, it is possible to produce pluripotent stem cells from biopsy samples of arbitrarily selected individuals with various genetic backgrounds and to subsequently maintain, expand, and stock these cells. From these induced pluripotent stem cells, target cells and tissues can be generated after certain differentiation processes. These target cells/tissues are expected to be useful in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug screening, toxicology testing, and proof-of-concept studies in drug development. Therefore, the number of publications concerning induced pluripotent stem cells has recently been increasing rapidly, demonstrating that this technology has begun to infiltrate many aspects of stem cell biology and medical applications. In this review, we discuss the perspectives of induced pluripotent stem cell technology for modeling human diseases. In particular, we focus on the cloning event occurring through the reprogramming process and its ability to let us analyze the development of complex disease-harboring somatic mosaicism.
The influence of the film thickness of nanostructured α-Fe2O3 on water photooxidation (2009)

The present work shows the influence of the film thickness in the optical and photoelectrochemical properties of nanostructured alpha-Fe(2)O(3) thin film. We found that the film thickness has a strong influence on the optical absorption and the results here reported can help in the design of nanostructured alpha-Fe(2)O(3) with superior performance for water photo-oxidation. The results show that the optical property of the hematite film is affected by the film thickness, probably due to the stress induced by the strong interaction between film and substrate. This stress generates defects in the crystal lattice of the hematite film, increasing the (e(-))-(h(+)) recombination process.
Online Arabic Handwritten Digits Recognition (2012)

This paper fills a void in the literature of online Arabic handwritten digits recognition as no systems are dedicated to this problem. The two main contributions of this paper are introducing a large online Arabic handwritten digits dataset and developing an efficient online Arabic handwritten digits recognition system. In the dataset, we collected 30,000 online Arabic digits from 300 writers. The developed system uses a combination of temporal and spatial features to recognize those digits. The system achieved 98.73% recognition rate. Comparison with a commercial product demonstrates the superiority of the proposed system.