gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On visual similarity based interactive product recommendation for online shopping (2014)

With the rapid development of e-commerce and explosive growth of online shopping market, the problem of how to optimize the process of guiding the user to the huge amount of online products have been urgent. Existing recommender systems use information from users' profiles (demographic filtering), similar neighbors (collaborative filtering), and textual description (content-based model) to make recommendations, which easily generate irrelevant suggestions to users due to the ignorance of users' intentions and the visual similarity among products. In this paper, we proposed an interactive product recommendation method, which considers not only the product diversity but also the visual similarity, to interactively capture a user's real intention and refine the product recommendation result based on the user's real product interests. Our algorithm is experimentally evaluated under a real-world user log, and shown to significantly improve recommendation accuracy over the traditional approaches.
The Outphasing RF Power Amplifier: A Comprehensive Analysis and a Class-B CMOS Realization (2013)

We present a theoretically comprehensive treatment of outphasing systems that utilize radio-frequency high-efficiency PAs. We separately analyze encoding and clipping distortions and how they accounts for most of the nonlinearities in outphasing systems. With that insight, we have designed an inherently linear outphasing system at high efficiency. We have implemented these techniques in a 90-nm Class-B prototype that uses signal-dependent time-varying circuits under close digital control to achieve 56%, 44%, and 30% efficiency for GSM, EDGE, and WCDMA modulations, while demonstrating linearity commensurate with demanding specifications on adjacent channel leakage.
Nucleotide Sequence Comparison of the Mycobacterial dnaJ Gene and PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis for Identification of Mycobacterial Species (1994)

We recently reported a genus-specific PCR for the mycobacterial dnaJ gene. In the present study, we have determined the nucleotide sequences of the dnaJ gene from 19 mycobacterial species (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. bovis BCG, M. africanum, M. microti, M. marinum, M. kansasii, M. gastri, M. simiae, M. scrofulaceum, M. szulgai, M. gordonae, M. avium, M. intracellulare, M. xenopi, M. fortuitum, M. chelonae, M. hemophilum, and M. paratuberculosis). On the basis of the amplified dnaJ gene nucleotide sequences, we constructed a phylogenetic tree of the mycobacterial species by using the neighbor-joining method and unweighted pairwise grouping method of arithmetic average. We found that the phylogenetic relationship inferred within the slowly growing species was in good agreement with the traditional classification, with three major branches corresponding to Runyon's groups I, II, and III. An exception was M. simiae, which was phylogenetically closer to the cluster including members of Runyon's group III than to that of Runyon's group I. On the other hand, the rapid growers, such as M. fortuitum and M. chelonae, did not form a coherent line corresponding to Runyon's group IV, indicating that our phylogenetic analysis based on the dnaJ gene reflects the phenotypic characteristics such as pigmentation but not the growth rate. Finally, we revealed the species-specific restriction sites within the amplified dnaJ gene to differentiate most of the mycobacterial DNA by a combination of PCR with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.
Automatic Media Monitoring Using Stochastic Pattern Recognition Techniques (2006)

Information is of strategic importance for business and governmental agencies, but also for individual citizens. The use of automatic methods for selection and dissemination of information would enable media monitoring companies to cover a much larger variety of media sources by working more cost efficiently and providing 24 hours coverage and availability. This thesis investigates how professional media monitoring, which is currently a largely manual process, can be automatically supported. Three main modules are necessary for automatic media monitoring: speech recognition, topic segmentation, and topic classification. The research that was conducted on these three topics and the resulting innovations are presented. The performance of the individual modules, as well as the complete system, is thoroughly investigated. The focus of this theses are German news. Topic boundaries are determined using a novel approach to visual indexing. A speech recogniser transforms the audio signals into texts, which are afterwards classified for the presence of pre-defined topics. For topic classification, approaches with Hidden Markov Models, Neural Networks, and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are investigated. One contribution of this thesis is the introduction of novel couplers for SVMs with advantages over known couplers. An additional topic covered in this thesis is Unsupervised Topic Discovery, a field nearly neglected in the literature. It makes it possible to find key-words in texts without a pre-defined topic list or training samples.
Some Items of Interest to Process R&D Chemists and Engineers (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVHighlights from the ...Highlights from the LiteratureNEXTSome Items of Interest to Process R&D Chemists and EngineersMark McLaughlin, Robert Ely, Antonio Ramirez, Paul Richardson, Joseck Muhuhi, Andrei Zlota, and John Knight*View Author Information Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States. E-mail: [email protected] Onyx Pharmaceuticals, 249 East Grand Avenue South San Francisco, California 94080, United States. E-mail: [email protected] Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States. E-mail: [email protected] Chemistry, Pfizer, 10578 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 09121, United States. E-mail: [email protected] The Dow Chemical Company 1710 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States. E-mail: [email protected] The Zlota Company, LLC 15, Fairbanks Road, Sharon, Massachusetts 02067-2858, United States. E-mail: [email protected] Scientific Update LLP, Maycroft Place, Stone Cross, Mayfield, East Sussex, TN20 6EW, United Kingdom*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Org. Process Res. Dev. 2014, 18, 1, 2–14Publication Date (Web):December 20, 2013Publication History Published online20 December 2013Published inissue 17 January 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/op400355khttps://doi.org/10.1021/op400355karticle-commentaryACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views3448Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1020 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Alcohols,Anions,Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Vortex Formation in a Stirred Bose-Einstein Condensate (2000)

Using a focused laser beam we stir a Bose-Einstein condensate of 87Rb confined in a magnetic trap and observe the formation of a vortex for a stirring frequency exceeding a critical value. At larger rotation frequencies we produce states of the condensate for which up to four vortices are simultaneously present. We have also measured the lifetime of the single vortex state after turning off the stirring laser beam.
Sleeping with and Without Norepinephrine: Effects of Metoclopramide and D,L-Threo-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylserine on Sleep in Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase Deficiency (1991)

Sleep characteristics are presented for two female patients (aged 21 and 31 years) with central and peripheral dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) deficiency. This deficiency results in the absence of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and their metabolites in plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid, while concentrations of dopamine are increased. The sleep pattern of these patients was studied when they were untreated, after blockade of central dopamine receptors with metoclopramide, and after restoring norepinephrine production with D,L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS). When the patients were untreated sleep duration was normal, with tendencies of a decreased amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, presence of alpha-delta sleep, and an increased amount of slow-wave sleep. The amount of REM sleep varied between 18 and 21% of sleep period time. Administration of metoclopramide resulted in a slight reduction of REM sleep to 16-17%, whereas wakefulness after sleep onset increased. During treatment with DOPS, an increase in the amount of REM sleep was observed in both patients to an average amount of 27%. These data indicate that in patients with DBH deficiency norepinephrine is not essential for the development of a normal sleep/wake pattern but may have a facilitatory role in the generation of REM sleep.
Use of integrated energy spectra for thin-layer recognition (1985)

Abstract The detection and resolution of thin beds are important problems in reflection seismology. A thin bed is defined as one for which the two-way traveltime thickness is less than the tuning thickness for the incident wavelet. Reservoir thickness and shape are of critical importance in estimating hydrocarbon reserves. Previous studies of thin-bed resolution have focused attention on the time domain, i.e., on the properties of the seismic trace and wavelet Widess (1973) defined a thin bed as one whose thickness is less than λ/8, where λ is the dominant wavelength of the seismic wavelet in the thin bed. He based this criterion on the observation that for thin beds of thickness less than or equal to λ/8, the reflected wavelet is essentially the shape of the derivative of the incident wavelet.
Design and performance of quasi-synchronous multi-carrier CDMA system (2002)

Multicarrier (MC)-CDM/CDMA is one of the promising code division-based multiple access/multiplexing techniques for fourth-generation mobile communications systems, where high data rate services will be provided even for high speed-cruising mobiles. Investigations so far made in Japan have shown that the MC-CDM scheme has superiority over the direct sequence (DS)-CDM scheme in the downlink; on the other hand, the MC-CDMA scheme is not so advantageous over the DS-CDMA scheme in the uplink. This is because the code orthogonality among users can be kept in the downlink, whereas it is totally distorted by frequency selective fading in the uplink. First, we show a new signal design for MC-CDM/CDMA transmission. The new signal format has head/tail guard intervals in one symbol duration, for accurate DFT window synchronization in downlink and uplink, and establishment of quasi-synchronous transmission in uplink. Then, we show the bit error rate performance for MC-CDM with minimum mean square error (MMSE)-based combining in downlink and MC-CDMA with MMSE-based multiuser detection in uplink.
Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐2α: effect on radiation sensitivity and differential regulation by an mTOR inhibitor (2008)

These results show that decreasing levels of HIF2alpha leads to an increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation. This finding may explain in part, the known resistance of RCC to radiation therapy. Although mTOR antagonists are approved for the treatment of RCC, these agents do not decrease HIF2alpha levels and therefore might not be effective in enhancing the radio-sensitivity of these tumours.
Human chorionic gonadotropin: effects of crude and purified preparations on lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin and allogenenic stimulation. (1975)

The factors that prevent maternal immunologic rejection of the histoincompatible fetus are not understood. High levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) are present in the placenta, and several reports have noted suppresion of mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation when cultures were supplemented with crude preparations of HCG. Purified HCG and multiple lots of crude HCG obtained from different suppliers were examined for their ability to suppress lymphocyte transformation produced by phytohemallutinin (PHA) or allogeneic stimulation. Crude preparations of HCG produced suppression of the lymphocyte stimulation induced by low doses of PHA, but the suppression could be overcome completely by increasing the PHA dose. The purified preparations of HCG produced no suppression of lymphocyte responses, even at the lower PHA dose. Purified HCG did not give a dose-related suppression of allogeneic lymphocyte responses, and crude lots of HCG gave highly variable results. One lot of crude HCG produced spontaneous stimulation of lymphocytes. Isoelectric focusing of HCG preparations demonstrated multiple bands, and lymphocyte suppression may be secondary to these additional unidentified proteins. The failure of pruified HCG to suppress lymphocyte responses makes it unlikely that the absence of maternal rejection of the fetus is due to high placental levels of HCG.
Prognostic Value of Ballistocardiograms (1964)

In any long-term study the doctor's experience is biased. The patients whom he sees are no fair sample of the sick population and those followed are biased by an overload of persons not doing well, who keep returning to him. So the percentage description of the medical experience, for many years the standard method of analyzing it, does not yield as valid information as has been generally believed. In this study, escape from these biases was sought by pairing the data and the method used could be applied to any medical experience. Two hundred twenty-one patients were followed for five years or longer after a high frequency force ballistocardiogram. After interfering factors had been eliminated, marked abnormalities of ballistocardiographic form were still associated with great reduction in longevity.
The novel Hsp‐90 inhibitor SNX7081 is significantly more potent than 17‐AAG against primary CLL cells and a range of haematological cell lines, irrespective of lesions in the TP53 pathway (2010)

Inhibitors of heat-shockprotein 90 (Hsp90) have been proposed as a novel therapeutic option for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL), particularly as their mechanism of action appears independent of mutations of ATM or TP53. We investigated the activity of a novel Hsp90 inhibitor, SNX7081, against a panel of eight haematological cell lines and 23 CLL patient samples. SNX7081 displayed significant effects on cell cycle distribution, apoptotic rate and levels of ZAP-70 in the cell lines and in the patient samples, irrespective of TP53 status. Our findings suggest SNX7081 may represent a promising therapeutic option for aggressive CLL.
Variational algorithms of measurand reconstruction based on entropy-like criteria (2002)

The reconstruction of a measurand on the basis of measurement data which are subject to systematic distortions and random errors is a problem often met in instrumental applications. Different regularization techniques are used to deal with its ill-conditioning. In this paper the applicability of variational methods based on entropy-like criteria is studied. The quality of reconstruction is assessed using synthetic measurement data as well as real-world spectrophotometric data. Two proposed algorithms are compared with other methods frequently used for measurand reconstruction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rimonabant (SR141716) induces metabolism and acquisition of fertilizing ability in human sperm (2010)

Background and purpose: The endocannabinoid system and the cannabinoid CB 1 receptor have been identified in human sperm, and it is well known that endocannabinoids have pronounced adverse effects on male and female reproduction. In order to elucidate further the pathophysiological role of the endocannabinoid system in male fertility, we investigated the activity of the CB 1 receptor antagonist rimonabant (SR141716) on the fertilizing ability of human sperm. Experimental approach: We evaluated in vitro the effects of rimonabant on motility, survival, capacitation, acrosin activity and metabolism of human sperm. Particularly, capacitation was studied by using three different approaches: intracellular free Ca 2+ content assay, cholesterol efflux assay and protein tyrosine phosphorylation analysis. Key results: Rimonabant significantly increased sperm motility and viability through the induction of pAkt and pBcl2, key proteins of cell survival and metabolism, and it induced acrosome reaction and capacitation as well. Rimonabant reduced the triglyceride content of sperm, while enhancing lipase and acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase activities, implying an overall lipolytic action in these cells. Rimonabant also affected sperm glucose metabolism by decreasing phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 and increasing glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase activity, suggesting a role in inducing sperm energy expenditure. Intriguingly, agonism at the CB 1 receptor, with an anandamide analogue or a selective inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase, produced opposing effects on human sperm functions. Conclusions and implications: Our data suggest that blockade of the CB 1 receptor by rimonabant induces the acquisition of fertilizing ability and stimulates energy expenditure in human sperm.
Precision measurement and mapping of die-attach thermal resistance (1998)

The thermal resistance of the attachment between a die and its carrier contributes strongly to the total temperature rise in an electronic system. The die attach resistance often differs substantially from the value predicted using the bulk thermal conductivity of the attachment material because of partial voiding and delamination. These defects can be introduced during the attachment process or during subsequent exposure to humidity or temperature fluctuations. This manuscript develops a technique for precisely measuring the spatially-averaged die-attach thermal resistance and for mapping spatial variations of the resistance in the plane of the die. The spatially-averaged resistance measurements use transient electrical heating and thermometry at frequencies up to 1 kHz to achieve a value of the uncertainty near 10/sup -6/ m/sup 2/K/W, which is a substantial improvement over existing steady-state methods. Spatial variations are captured using scanning laser-reflectance thermometry and a deconvolution method detailed here. The data in this manuscript show the impact of the adhesive material, the adhesive thickness, and the attachment pressure on the thermal resistance, as well as the spatial variation of the resistance resulting from incomplete contact.
Lactate Dehydrogenase 5 Expression in Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancer Relates to Prognosis following Radical or Postoperative Radiotherapy (2009)

LDH5 is highly expressed in SCHNC and is linked with local relapse, survival and distant metastasis, suggesting that LDH5 is a marker of radioresistance and a target for therapeutic interventions.
Quadtree-Based Triangular Mesh Generation for Finite Element Analysis of Heterogeneous Spatial Data. (2001)

Abstract. Applying mathematical models to practical situations often requires the use of discrete geometrical models of the solution domain. In some cases destructive measurements of the objects under examination is acceptable, but in several areas of research the measurements comes from imaging techniques such as X-ray, computer assisted tomography (CAT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), satellite imagery, or aerial photographs. A crucial preprocessing step for such analysis involves the extraction of measurements/features from these images, which form the basis of geometrical models and finite element mesh. In this paper, we describe a simple algorithm for triangulating the solution domain represented in images without a need for such prior feature extraction, albeit such a step may reduce the size of the resulting mesh. The proposed algorithm generates quality triangular meshes with: (a) provably good angle bounds between 26.565 o and 90 o , and (b) an aspect ratio of at most 2.5. The proposed mesh generation algorithm (imageMesher) extends the mesh generation technique of Bern et al. (1990) to images as input. Previous algorithms with shape and size bounds have all been based on triangulating domains that are either: (a) vertex set, (b) lines, (c) polygons, or (d) planar straight line graphs (PSLGs). The proposed algorithm matches their bounds, but uses a fundamentally different kind of input. The implementation of the algorithm is discussed and the theoretical bounds on the size and shape of the triangular patches are evaluated. As an intermediate result, we also describe an improved algorithm for constructing balanced quadtree. Finally, we illustrate real-time applications of the proposed approach, which demonstrates its ability to use the solution domain described in images to fit directly into the finite element analysis
Regulation of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae clp</i> Genes and Their Role in Competence Development and Stress Survival (2001)

In vitro mariner transposon mutagenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae chromosomal DNA was used to isolate regulatory mutants affecting expression of the comCDE operon, encoding the peptide quorum-sensing two-component signal transduction system controlling competence development. A transposon insertion leading to increased comC expression was found to lie directly upstream from the S. pneumoniae clpP gene, encoding the proteolytic subunit of the Clp ATP-dependent protease, whose expression in Bacillus subtilis is controlled by the CtsR repressor. In order to examine clp gene regulation in S. pneumoniae, a detailed analysis of the complete genome sequence was performed, indicating that there are five likely CtsR-binding sites located upstream from the clpE, clpP, and clpL genes and the ctsR-clpC and groESL operons. The S. pneumoniae ctsR gene was cloned under the control of an inducible promoter and used to demonstrate regulation of the S. pneumoniae clpP and clpE genes and the clpC and groESL operons by using B. subtilis as a heterologous host. The CtsR protein of S. pneumoniae was purified and shown to bind specifically to the clpP, clpC, clpE, and groESL regulatory regions. S. pneumoniae Delta ctsR, Delta clpP, Delta clpC, and Delta clpE mutants were constructed by gene deletion/replacement. ClpP was shown to act as a negative regulator, preventing competence gene expression under inappropriate conditions. Phenotypic analyses also indicated that ClpP and ClpE are both required for thermotolerance. Contrary to a previous report, we found that ClpC does not play a major role in competence development, autolysis, pneumolysin production, or growth at high temperature of S. pneumoniae.