gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Canadian clinical practice guidelines for acute and chronic rhinosinusitis (2011)

This document provides healthcare practitioners with information regarding the management of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) to enable them to better meet the needs of this patient population. These guidelines describe controversies in the management of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) and include recommendations that take into account changes in the bacteriologic landscape. Recent guidelines in ABRS have been released by American and European groups as recently as 2007, but these are either limited in their coverage of the subject of CRS, do not follow an evidence-based strategy, or omit relevant stakeholders in guidelines development, and do not address the particulars of the Canadian healthcare environment.Advances in understanding the pathophysiology of CRS, along with the development of appropriate therapeutic strategies, have improved outcomes for patients with CRS. CRS now affects large numbers of patients globally and primary care practitioners are confronted by this disease on a daily basis. Although initially considered a chronic bacterial infection, CRS is now recognized as having multiple distinct components (eg, infection, inflammation), which have led to changes in therapeutic approaches (eg, increased use of corticosteroids). The role of bacteria in the persistence of chronic infections, and the roles of surgical and medical management are evolving. Although evidence is limited, guidance for managing patients with CRS would help practitioners less experienced in this area offer rational care. It is no longer reasonable to manage CRS as a prolonged version of ARS, but rather, specific therapeutic strategies adapted to pathogenesis must be developed and diffused.Guidelines must take into account all available evidence and incorporate these in an unbiased fashion into management recommendations based on the quality of evidence, therapeutic benefit, and risks incurred. This document is focused on readability rather than completeness, yet covers relevant information, offers summaries of areas where considerable evidence exists, and provides recommendations with an assessment of strength of the evidence base and degree of endorsement by the multidisciplinary expert group preparing the document.These guidelines have been copublished in both Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology and the Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
Calcium-Dependent Activation of Protein C by Thrombin/Thrombomudulin: Role of Negatively Charged Amino Acids within the Activation Peptide of Protein C (1994)

In the absence of its cofactor thrombomodulin (TM) thrombin is only a poor activator of the anticoagulant serine protease protein C (PC). The TM-dependence of PC-activation has been restricted to a series of molecular structures of the PC molecule including high-affinity calcium binding sites and single amino acid residues. However, thrombin induced activation of a PC derivative altered in all these critical positions is markedly enhanced by TM indicating that additional structures of the PC molecule are involved in determining the TM specificity. Based on the hypothesis that such an additional regulatory element should be located near the thrombin cleavage site and should include negatively charged amino acids to ascertain calcium binding, we studied whether Glu and Asp in positions P7 and P6 relative to the thrombin cleavage site together with Asp in P3 are involved in formation of such a regulatory element. Three PC derivatives containing the neutral counterpart of the negatively charged amino acids in positions P3; P3 and P6; and P3, P6, and P7, respectively, were generated using site-directed mutagenesis. Compared to rPC-wt the initial rates of PC activation of all three mutants were increased 4.0-fold for thrombin/TM and 4.0-, 5.3-fold for activation by thrombin alone. However, compared to the PC derivative neutralized exclusively in P3, additional changes in P6 and P7 showed no increase in the thrombin activation kinetics and calcium binding properties were identical in all of the three mutants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Chip scale packaging using chip-on-flex technology (2002)

An increasing number of electronic designers, fabricators and users see Chip Scale Packaging (CSP) as a way to obtain the benefits foreseen in multichip packaging and Chip-on-Board (COB) without the problems and limitations currently associated with each. The Chip-on-Flex (COF) multichip packaging technology has been demonstrated to be applicable to single chip packages that meet chip scale packaging goals. This paper looks at the Chip-on-Flex Chip Scale technology and addresses issues including the process, structure, assembly, yields and reliability.
Retinol-Binding Protein 4 and Its Relation to Insulin Resistance in Obese Children before and after Weight Loss (2008)

RBP4 levels were related to weight status and insulin resistance in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, suggesting a relationship between RBP4, obesity, and insulin resistance in children.
18.3: <i>Invited Paper:</i> The Display Applications and Physics of the ProFlux™ Wire Grid Polarizer (2002)

Abstract Each year the Society awards the Display of the Year Award to several leading edge display devices or technologies that provide innovative solutions to an information display need. The following paper provides a summary of a 2001 Display of the Year award recipient. The new polarization technology described here enables new solutions to difficult and fundamental problems in the display industry. It is applicable and valuable in all types of Liquid‐Crystal (LC) displays or other applications of polarization in information display technology.
Serum tyrosinase in malignant disease, its activity, and the electrophoretic patterns of the enzyme as carried by immunoglobulins'. (1979)

Serum tyrosinase activity in many persons with metastatic diseases was found to be significantly higher than activity in normal persons. The highest activity was observed in melanoma and breast carcinoma. The electrophoretic patterns of serum tyrosinase, resolved by electrophoresis of a serum tyrosinase fraction followed by incubation of the gel sample with L-dopa, and represented as sets of RF's of melanin bands, were characteristically different in melanoma, breast carcinoma, and certain other diseases. The RF's of melanin and protein bands in the serum enzyme preparations from melanoma patients were concisely defined. Further, some potent serum fractions inhibiting tyrosinase melanogenic activity have been obtained, and the presence of tyrosinase inhibitors in the serum enzyme preparation has also been demonstrated. More detailed exploration of these serum tyrosinase parameters may provide more specific and sensitive detection for certain malignant diseases.
Mechanisms of magnesium‐stimulated adhesion of osteoblastic cells to commonly used orthopaedic implants (2002)

Poor cell adhesion to orthopaedic and dental implants may result in implant failure. Cellular adhesion to biomaterial surfaces primarily is mediated by integrins, which act as signal transduction and adhesion proteins. Because integrin function depends on divalent cations, we investigated the effect of magnesium ions modified bioceramic substrata (Al(2)O(3)-Mg(2+)) on human bone-derived cell (HBDC) adhesion, integrin expression, and activation of intracellular signalling molecules. Immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, cell adhesion, cell adhesion blocking, and Western blotting assays were used. Our findings demonstrated that adhesion of HBDC to Al(2)O(3)-Mg(2+) was increased compared to on the Mg(2+)-free Al(2)O(3). Furthermore, HBDC adhesion decreased significantly when the fibronectin receptor alpha5beta1- and beta1-integrins were blocked by functional blocking antibodies. HBDC grown on the Mg(2+)-modified bioceramic expressed significantly enhanced levels of beta1-, alpha5beta1-, and alpha3beta1-integrins receptors compared to those grown on the native unmodified Al(2)O(3). Tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular integrin-dependent signalling proteins as well as the expression of key signalling protein Shc isoforms (p46, p52, p66), focal adhesion kinase, and extracellular matrix protein collagen type I were significantly enhanced when HBDC were grown on Al(2)O(3)-Mg(2+) compared to the native Al(2)O(3). We conclude that cell adhesion to biomaterial surfaces is probably mediated by alpha5beta1- and beta1-integrin. Cation-promoted cell adhesion depends on 5beta1- and beta1-integrins associated signal transduction pathways involving the key signalling protein Shc and results also in enhanced gene expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Therefore, Mg(2+) supplementation of bioceramic substrata may be a promising way to improve integration of implants in orthopaedic and dental surgery.
Mitochondrial metabolic function assessed in vivo and in vitro (2010)

High-resolution respirometry has emerged as a powerful tool for in-vitro measurements of mitochondrial function in isolated mitochondria and permeabilized fibers. Direct measurements of adenosine triphosphate production are possible by bioluminescence. Mechanistic data provided by these methods is further complimented by in-vivo assessment using magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy and the translational rate of gene transcripts.
Antitumor agents. 139. Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiocolchicine analogs 5,6-dihydro-6(S)-acyloxy)- and 5,6-dihydro-6(S)-[(aroyloxy)methyl]-1,2,3-trimethoxy-9-(methylthio)-8H-cyclohepta[a]naphthalen-8-ones as novel cytotoxic and antimitotic agents (1993)

A series of novel thiocolchicine analogs, 5,6-dihydro-6(S)-(acyloxy)-and 5,6-dihydro-6(S)-[(aroyloxy)-methyl]-1,2,3-trimethoxy-9-(methylthi o)-8H- cyclohepta[a]naphthalen-8-ones, possessing a six-membered ring B, have been synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity against various tumor cell lines, including solid tumor cell lines, and for their interaction with tubulin. The configuration of the parent alcohol (compound 5) was established unequivocally as (aR,6S) by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The side chain at the C(6) position is in a pseudoaxial orientation. The optical properties and 1H NMR data indicated that these compounds have the same conformations in solution as in the solid state. Biological results showed that compounds (5, 6, 14, 15, 17, and 18) bearing a small side chain at C(6) demonstrate high potency in inhibiting tubulin polymerization and binding of radiolabeled colchicine to tubulin. The most cytotoxic compounds were 14, 15, 17, and 18, with good activity against several solid tumor cell lines. To explain the strong antitubulin activity of compound 5 (with an aR configured biaryl system in contrast to the aS configuration previously described for colchicinoids, allocolchicinoids, and steganacin) we speculate that a rapid atropisomerism equilibrium must exist for 5 and its active derivatives. This equilibrium would yield adequate amounts of aS-configured conformers that interact, strongly with tubulin. Since the optically inactive 18 is also a potent inhibitor of tubulin, the configuration of the side chain of these six-membered ring B analogs cannot be essential for their binding to tubulin. Instead we propose that the size of ring B and of its side chain play important roles in tubulin binding activity by affecting the rotation of the rings A and C along their linking C-C bond axis.
Algebraic approach to recovering topological information in distributed camera networks (2009)

Camera networks are widely used for tasks such as surveillance, monitoring and tracking. In order to accomplish these tasks, knowledge of localization information such as camera locations and other geometric constraints about the environment (e.g. walls, rooms, and building layout) are typically considered to be essential. However, this information is not required for tasks such as estimating the topology of camera network coverage, or coordinate-free object tracking and navigation. In this paper, we propose a simplicial representation (called CN-Complex) that can be constructed from discrete local observations, and utilize this novel representation to recover topological information of the network coverage. We prove that our representation captures the correct topological information for coverage in 2.5D layouts, and demonstrate its utility in simulations as well as an experimental setup. Our proposed approach is particularly useful in the context of ad-hoc camera networks in indoor/outdoor urban environments with distributed but limited computational power and energy.
Integrating SCREAM micromachined devices with integrated circuits (2002)

We demonstrate the integration of SCREAM MEMS with a conventional, unmodified IC process. After fabricating the ICs, only two additional masks are needed to form the mechanical structure and the patterned metal interconnects. The mechanical structures are high-aspect-ratio beams formed from single-crystal silicon. SCREAM, which stands for single-crystal-silicon reactive etching and metallization, is a low temperature process requiring conventional IC fabrication tools including the following: RIE, PVD, CVD and optical lithography. None of the processing steps expose the wafer to temperatures above 300/spl deg/C. Also, the MEMS are independent of the substrate doping, and can be used with the substrate that is optimal for a particular IC process. We describe SCREAM as a "Portable" MEMS process. A portable process does not alter the ICs, can be run after the IC process, and does not require modification of commonly available IC processes. To support the claim that SCREAM is a portable process, we built structures on wafers containing industrially fabricated AD712 BiFET opamps. The ICs stayed within specification and the structures demonstrate successful fabrication adjacent to ICs.
Effect of ammonium sulfate on the efficacy, absorption, and translocation of glufosinate (2000)

The effect of ammonium sulfate (AMS) on efficacy, absorption, and translocation of glufosinate in various weed species was investigated in greenhouse and field experiments. Adding ammonium sulfate at 20 g L−1 increased the efficacy of glufosinate on Echinochloa crus-galli, Setaria faberi, and Abutilon theophrasti, but not on Amaranthus rudis or Chenopodium album. AMS increased foliar absorption of 14C from 14C-glufosinate to the greatest extent in A. theophrasti and S. faberi and to the least extent in C. album. AMS increased the translocation of 14C out of the treated leaf 24 h after treatment in A. theophrasti and S. faberi, but not in C. album. These results suggest that AMS can increase the efficacy of glufosinate on A. theophrasti and S. faberi by increasing foliar absorption and subsequent translocation of glufosinate.
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors closer to market launch? (2013)

Though cancer remains the most obvious application for CDK inhibition, other indications, such as HIV infection, could potentially be treated with CDK inhibitors.
Indoor shadow detection for video segmentation (2005)

To prevent moving cast shadows from being misunderstood as part of moving objects in change detection based video segmentation, this paper proposes a novel approach to cast shadow detection based on the edge and region information in multiple frames. First, an initial change detection mask containing moving objects and cast shadows is obtained. Then, a Canny edge map is generated. After that, the shadow region is detected and removed through multi-frame integration, edge matching and region growing. Finally, a post-processing procedure is used to eliminate noise and tune the boundaries of the objects. Our approach can be used for removing moving cast shadows in indoor environments for better video segmentation. The experimental results demonstrate the good performance of our algorithm.
A combination of berberine and γ-oryzanol for hyperlipidemia therapy: An hypothesis (2012)

Hyperlipidemia has been thought to be a modifiable risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), and the patients generally require a chronic medication and a diet or lifestyle regulation to manage their hyperlipidemia. Meanwhile, the numbers of patients suffering from side effects are also increasing. Thus, development of novel, potent, safe and highly effective approaches to battle the world epidemics of hyperlipidemia is of crucial importance. It was reported that berberine and γ-oryzanol could reduce total plasma cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels and increase the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, a novel hypothesis concerning the combination of berberine and γ-oryzanol for hyperlipidemia therapy is proposed. Moreover, if the poor bioavailability of berberine and γ-oryzanol can be improved, the primary hypothesis will be reasonable and feasible, and also, serve as the basis for further improvement in quality of hyperlipidemia management.

	 

	Key words: Hyperlipidemia, γ-oryzanol, berberine.
Review: <i>A Professor at Large</i>, by Stephen Duggan (1943)

Book Review| December 08 1943 Review A Professor at LargeStephen Duggan B. L. B. L. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1943) 12 (24): 240. https://doi.org/10.2307/3022540 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation B. L.; Review. Far Eastern Survey 8 December 1943; 12 (24): 240. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3022540 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Genetic Construction of Lactose-Utilizing <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> (1984)

Xanthomonas campestris, the producer of xanthan gum, possesses a beta-galactosidase of very low specific activity. Plasmid pGC9114 (RP1::Tn951), generated by the transposition of the lactose transposon Tn951 to RP1, was conjugally transferred into XN1, a nalidixic acid-resistant derivative of X. campestris NRRL B-1459S-4L. Transfer occurred on membrane filters and in broth. The beta-galactosidase gene of Tn951 was expressed in X. campestris. The specific activity of beta-galactosidase in transconjugants was over 200-fold higher than that in XN1, and transconjugants grew as well in lactose-based media as in glucose-based media. The lactose-utilizing transconjugants could potentially be used to produce xanthan gum from cheese whey.
Analysis of Interrupt Coalescing Schemes for Receive-Livelock Problem in Gigabit Ethernet Network Hosts (2008)

Interrupt coalescing (IC) technique has been used in general-purpose operating systems to mitigate receive livelock (RL) problem in gigabit Ethernet network hosts. Schemes for dynamically tuning the interrupt coalescing behavior of a communication interface based on traffic load or system state have been proposed. However, all the existing IC schemes are designed using heuristics. In this paper we present an analytical model for the IC technique and carry out a detailed study of existing IC schemes in terms of their performance characteristics including system goodput, CPU consumption and latency. We validate our analysis through measurement-based experiments.
A distributed system for aircraft hydraulic system simulation test based on LXI (2008)

Aircraft hydraulic systems are used to actuate flight control surfaces, thrust vectoring and reversing mechanisms, landing gear, cargo doors, and in some cases, weapon systems. In hydraulic system simulation test, a test and measurement system was developed and programmed on a prototype. It is a best option that research and development distributed test and measurement system for aircraft hydraulic system simulation test which was used to collect many channel and many type signals which separated in differently position. In order to improve the software reusability and development efficiency of test and measurement software, After analyzing the features and requirements of the test object, one framework development approach for aircraft hydraulic simulation test was presented. This approach makes full use of such technologies as the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and design patterns. This method can greatly reduce the effort required for all kinds of hydraulic simulation test framework development and achieve higher productivity, better reusability, extend ability and maintainability.
Poisoning of Heterogeneous, Late Transition Metal Dehydrocoupling Catalysts by Boranes and Other Group 13 Hydrides (2005)

Borane reagents are widely used as reductants for the generation of colloidal metals. When treated with a variety of heterogeneous catalysts such as colloidal Rh, Rh/Al2O3, and Rh(0) black, BH3.THF (THF = tetrahydrofuran) was found to generate H2 gas with the concomitant formation of a passivating boron layer on the surface of the Rh metal, thereby acting as a poison and rendering the catalyst inactive toward the dehydrocoupling of Me2NH.BH3. Analogous poisoning effects were also detected for (i) colloidal Rh treated with other species containing B-H bonds such as [HB-NH]3, or Ga-H bonds such as those present in GaH3.OEt2, (ii) colloidal Rh that was generated from Rh(I) and Rh(III) salts using borane or borohydrides as reductants, and (iii) for other metals such as Ru and Pd. In contrast, analogous poisoning effects were not detected for the catalytic hydrogenation of cyclohexene using Rh/Al2O3 or the Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of PhB(OH)2 and PhI. These results suggest that although this poisoning behavior is not a universal phenomenon, the observation that such boron layers are formed and surface passivation may exist needs to be carefully considered when borane reagents are used for the generation of metal colloids for catalytic or materials science applications.
Audiovisual speech processing (2001)

We have reported activities in audiovisual speech processing, with emphasis on lip reading and lip synchronization. These research results have shown that, with lip reading, it is possible to enhance the reliability of audio speech recognition, which may result in a computer that can truly understand the user via hand-free natural spoken language even in a very noisy environments. Similarly, with lip synchronization, it is possible to render realistic talking heads with lip movements synchronized with the voice, which is very useful for human-computer interactions. We envision that in the near future, advancement in audiovisual speech processing will greatly increase the usability of computers. Once that happens, the cameras and the microphone may replace the keyboard and the mouse as better mechanisms for human-computer interaction.