gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high‐order structure of plant storage proprotein allows its second conversion by an asparagine‐specific cysteine protease, a novel proteolytic enzyme (1993)

During seed embryogenesis, glycinin, the 11-S seed storage protein found in soybeans, undergoes post-translational proteolytic processing, in which a proprotein molecule is cleaved into an acidic and a basic subunit by a one-point cleavage that occurs at the carboxyl side of the asparaginyl residue located at the junction of the subunits. To elucidate the mechanism of this very limited proteolysis, we purified the cysteine endoprotease and used purified proglycinin produced by Escherichia coli as a substrate. This enzyme was separated by isoelectric focusing into three isomeric forms: two had a molecular mass of 33 kDa and the third, 33.8 kDa. The cysteine protease was found both in the proteinaceous vacuoles of cotyledonary tissue of immature seeds and in mature seeds, and is the first proteolytic enzyme to be classified as an asparagine-specific endoprotease. The results also indicate that the above proteolysis is largely attributable to the conformational accessibility of the enzyme to the asparaginyl residue in the cleavage site of proglycinin. The conformation of this single enzyme-accessible region on the proglycinin molecule is relatively flexible and becomes unstable under low salt conditions, or when heat is applied, causing the enzyme to lose its specificity.
Assessing the suitability of surrogate models in evolutionary optimization. (2011)

Abstract. The paper deals with the application of evolutionary algorithms to black-box optimization, frequently encountered in biology, chemistry and engineering. In those areas, however, the evaluation of the black-box fitness is often costly and time-consuming. Such a situation is usually tackled by evaluating the original fitness only sometimes, and evaluating its appropriate response-surface model otherwise, called surrogate model of the fitness. Several kinds of models have been successful in surrogate modelling, and a variety of models of each kind can be obtained through parametrization. Therefore, real-world applications of surrogate modelling entail the problem of assessing the suitability of different models for the optimization task being solved. The present paper attempts to systematically investigate this problem. It surveys available methods to assess model suitability and reports the incorporation of several such methods in our recently proposed approach to surrogate modelling based on radial basis function networks. In addition to the commonly used global suitability of a model, it pays much attention also to its local suitability for a given input. Finally, it shows some results of testing several of the surveyed methods in two real-world applications. 1
Proving the validity and accessibility of dynamic web-pages (2003)

If a static web-page is checked for accessibility and passes then all is well. However checking the accessibility of the output from a dynamic (scripted) web-page is like testing a program to find errors. However many times a test succeeds it is always possible that the program will produce bad output next time. What is needed is something closer to a proof of correctness. This paper describes a first attempt to provide a proof of validity for dynamic web-pages which can be extended to a proof of accessibility.
Cleaning with Bulk Nanobubbles (2016)

The electrolysis of aqueous solutions produces solutions that are supersaturated in oxygen and hydrogen gas. This results in the formation of gas bubbles, including nanobubbles ∼100 nm in size that are stable for ∼24 h. These aqueous solutions containing bubbles have been evaluated for cleaning efficacy in the removal of model contaminants bovine serum albumin and lysozyme from surfaces and in the prevention of the fouling of surfaces by these same proteins. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces were investigated. It is shown that nanobubbles can prevent the fouling of surfaces and that they can also clean already fouled surfaces. It is also argued that in practical applications where cleaning is carried out rapidly using a high degree of mechanical agitation the role of cleaning agents is not primarily in assisting the removal of soil but in suspending the soil that is removed by mechanical action and preventing it from redepositing onto surfaces. This may also be the primary mode of action of nanobubbles during cleaning.
Computation of derivatives of repeated eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors (1996)

ZAMM Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik
A New Approach to Determine the Effect of Mismatches on Kinetic Parameters in DNA Hybridization Using an Optical Biosensor (1995)

We have demonstrated a simple yet direct method for determining the kinetic parameters in DNA-DNA interactions using biosensor technology based on the surface plasmon resonance phenomenon; a technique that does not require complex DNA labeling. To determine the effect of mismatches on the kinetics involved in DNA-DNA interactions, DNA hybridization kinetics were monitored in real time using synthetic oligonucleotides less than 20 bases in length which contained either a complementary sequence or mismatched bases. Upon analysis of the kinetic parameters obtained in oligonucleotide hybridization, we found that they were significantly affected by the presence of mismatches as well as by their number and location in a DNA duplex. In addition, the presented biosensor method is sensitive enough to detect kinetic effects caused by the presence of a single-mismatched base pair. Our findings strongly suggest that analysis of kinetic parameters involved in DNA-DNA interactions is advantageous for detecting the presence of mismatch base pairs in a DNA duplex.
Charge‐dependent binding of granzyme A (MTSP‐1) to basement membranes (1993)

The murine T cell-associated serine proteinase granzyme A [also termed Murine T cell-associated serine proteinase-1 (MTSP-1), or SE-1] expresses optimal enzymatic activity under extracellular milieu conditions. It degrades a variety of proteins that are constituents of basement membranes. Granzyme A is harbored within intracellular storage granules from which its release can be induced by appropriate ligand binding to extracellular matrix receptors of T cells. Secreted granzyme A has, therefore, been implicated in the degradation of extracellular matrix barriers during T cell migration. Here we show that granzyme A binds to natural basement membranes in a charge-dependent manner. Binding of granzyme A to charged surfaces protects if from inhibition by natural high molecular weight inhibitors. The interaction of granzyme A with in vitro-produced extracellular matrices liberates basic fibroblast growth factor, which is bound to negatively charged heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans of the extracellular matrix. We propose that the charge-dependent interaction of granzyme A with basement membranes has multiple, biologically relevant consequences.
Starving the Schools (1934)

Essay| April 01 1934 Starving the Schools Wilbur L. Williams* Wilbur L. Williams* *Mr. Williams, formerly a lecturer at Columbia College, is now stationed at the East Stroudsburg Pennsylvania State Teachers College, in charge of a sixcounty area in Pennsylvania’s State-wide survey of adult education. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1934) 40 (1): 49–53. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1934.40.1.49 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Wilbur L. Williams*; Starving the Schools. Current History 1 April 1934; 40 (1): 49–53. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1934.40.1.49 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1934 by The Regents of the University of California1934 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Induced myelination and demyelination in a conditional mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (2001)

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A, a hereditary demyelinating neuropathy, is usually caused by overexpression of peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) due to a genomic duplication. We have generated a transgenic mouse model in which mouse pmp22 overexpression can be regulated. In this mouse model, overexpression of pmp22 occurs specifically in Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve and is switched off when the mice are fed tetracycline. Overexpression of pmp22 throughout life (in the absence of tetracycline) causes demyelination. In contrast, myelination is nearly normal when pmp22 overexpression is switched off throughout life by feeding the mice tetracycline. When overexpression of pmp22 is switched off in adult mice, correction begins within 1 week and myelination is well advanced by 3 months (although the myelin sheaths are still thinner than normal), indicating that the Schwann cells are poised to start myelination. Upregulation of the gene in adult mice (which had previously had normal pmp22 expression) is followed by active demyelination within 1 week, which had plateaued by 8 weeks. This indicates that Schwann cells with mature myelin are sensitive to increased amounts of pmp22 such that they rapidly demyelinate. Thus, demyelination can largely be corrected within a few months, but the correction will be sensitive to subsequent upregulation of pmp22.
The noise performance of an active, linear antenna array for reception (2002)

The noise performance of an active receiving antenna array with endfire pattern was studied using "noise wave analysis". Gallium arsenide, field effect transistors (GaAs FET's) were used. The array signal combining was accomplished with a series feed identical to the output transmission line of a distributed amplifier. A single stub tuner was simulated between each antenna element and active device (FET's in this case). System noise performance was simulated as the transformation due to the tuners was varied. The configuration giving best noise performance was found. Finally, two, four, six, and eight element active arrays were built and tested at 2 GHz confirming the analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interaction between Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Cancers of the Upper Aero-Digestive Tract in Brazil (1999)

The authors investigated the joint effects of tobacco and alcohol consumption on the risk of squamous cell carcinomas of the upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) using data from a hospital-based case-control study conducted in southern Brazil, 1986-1989. A total of 784 cases of cancers of the mouth, pharynx, and larynx and 1,578 non-cancer controls matched on age, sex, hospital catchment area, and period of admission were interviewed about their smoking and drinking habits and other characteristics. Using logistic regression, evidence was found for interaction between the cumulative exposures for smoking and alcohol on UADT cancer risk. The joint effects for pharyngeal cancers exceeded the levels expected under a multiplicative model for moderate smokers (p = 0.007). There was little statistical evidence, however, for interaction on cancers of the mouth (p = 0.28) or larynx (p = 0.95). Among never smokers, heavy drinkers had 9.2 times (95% confidence interval 1.7, 48.5) greater risk of cancers of mouth, pharynx, and supraglottis than never drinkers, with a dose-response trend (p = 0.013) with cumulative consumption. The authors conclude that the interaction occurring in the pharynx between smoking and alcohol on UADT cancers is not uniform, with varying effects depending on the level of smoking exposure. Alcohol may act as both a promoter for tobacco and as an independent risk factor.
Novel Fluoroscopic Technique for Localization at Cervicothoracic Levels (2009)

The modified oblique cross table fluoroscopy technique allows accurate operative localization across the cervicothoracic junction and well into the thoracic spine.
Sample handler for x-ray tomographic microscopy and image-guided failure assessment (2005)

X-ray tomographic microscopy (XTM) yields a three-dimensional data model of an investigated specimen. XTM providing micrometer resolution requires synchrotron light, high resolution area detectors, and a precise sample handler. The sample handler has a height of 270 mm only, is usable for 1μm resolution, and is able to carry loading machines with a weight of up to 20 kg. This allows exposing samples to load between scans for image-guided failure assessment. This system has been used in the XTM end station of the materials science beamline of the Swiss Light Source at the Paul Scherrer Institut.
The effects of Cancer Associated Fibroblasts on mechanisms of immune evasion in a rat chemical mammary carcinoma model (2013)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
PCSK9 is a critical regulator of the innate immune response and septic shock outcome (2014)

A decrease in the activity of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) increases the amount of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on liver cells and, therefore, LDL clearance. The clearance of lipids from pathogens is related to endogenous lipid clearance; thus, PCSK9 may also regulate removal of pathogen lipids such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Compared to controls, Pcsk9 knockout mice displayed decreases in inflammatory cytokine production and in other physiological responses to LPS. In human liver cells, PCSK9 inhibited LPS uptake, a necessary step in systemic clearance and detoxification. Pharmacological inhibition of PCSK9 improved survival and inflammation in murine polymicrobial peritonitis. Human PCSK9 loss-of-function genetic variants were associated with improved survival in septic shock patients and a decrease in inflammatory cytokine response both in septic shock patients and in healthy volunteers after LPS administration. The PCSK9 effect was abrogated in LDL receptor (LDLR) knockout mice and in humans who are homozygous for an LDLR variant that is resistant to PCSK9. Together, our results show that reduced PCSK9 function is associated with increased pathogen lipid clearance via the LDLR, a decreased inflammatory response, and improved septic shock outcome.
Computational imaging with multi-camera time-of-flight systems (2016)

Depth cameras are a ubiquitous technology used in a wide range of applications, including robotic and machine vision, human-computer interaction, autonomous vehicles as well as augmented and virtual reality. In this paper, we explore the design and applications of phased multi-camera time-of-flight (ToF) systems. We develop a reproducible hardware system that allows for the exposure times and waveforms of up to three cameras to be synchronized. Using this system, we analyze waveform interference between multiple light sources in ToF applications and propose simple solutions to this problem. Building on the concept of orthogonal frequency design, we demonstrate state-of-the-art results for instantaneous radial velocity capture via Doppler time-of-flight imaging and we explore new directions for optically probing global illumination, for example by de-scattering dynamic scenes and by non-line-of-sight motion detection via frequency gating.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Analysis of a Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micelle in Aqueous Solution: Decreased Fluidity of the Micelle Hydrocarbon Interior (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Dynamics Simulation Analysis of a Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micelle in Aqueous Solution: Decreased Fluidity of the Micelle Hydrocarbon InteriorAlexander D. MacKerell Jr.Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 7, 1846–1855Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100007a011https://doi.org/10.1021/j100007a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1684Altmetric-Citations242LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Chemically Modified Glass Fiber as a Matrix-Free Reference Material for Volatile Compounds (2005)

Difficulties with obtaining suitable reference materials, which are applied for validation of analytical procedures and calibration of measured devices used in gaseous examinations (atmospheric air, indoor air, workplace atmosphere), are one of the most important challenges that stand in front of analytics. Known gaseous standard mixtures preparation techniques, both static and dynamic, are burdened with lots of inconveniences and disadvantages, which can be responsible for false analytical results. It appears that a very important step in the way of obtaining suitable reference materials useful in gaseous analysis is the technique of thermal decomposition of surface compounds. The paper describes a new type of matrix-free reference material-chemically modified glass fiber, which significantly makes it easier and simplifies the usage of reference materials produced using this technique.
Square root law for communication with low probability of detection on AWGN channels (2012)

We present a square root limit on low probability of detection (LPD) communication over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. Specifically, if a warden has an AWGN channel to the transmitter with non-zero noise power, we prove that o(√n) bits can be sent from the transmitter to the receiver in n AWGN channel uses with probability of detection by the warden less than e for any ϵ >; 0, and, if a lower bound on the noise power on the warden's channel is known, then O(√n) bits can be covertly sent in n channel uses. Conversely, trying to transmit more than O(√n) bits either results in detection by the warden with probability one or a non-zero probability of decoding error as n → ∞. Further, we show that LPD communication on the AWGN channel allows one to send a nonzero symbol on every channel use, in contrast to what might be expected from the square root law found recently in image-based steganography.
Atom Threading Extensions (2006)

mechanism that allows feeds publishers to express threaded discussions within the Atom Syndication Format.
Probabilistic Design Methodology for Composite Aircraft Structures. (1999)

Abstract : Probabilistic structural analysis methods provide a means to quantify the inherent risk of a design and assess the sensitivities of design variables. This report is intended to introduce the subject of probabilistic analysis to engineers in the aerospace industry as well as act as a reference to guide those applying this technology. The current (deterministic) structural analysis approach is described, and its shortcomings are pointed out. The evolution of probabilistic analysis is presented, and the basic theory is discussed and explained via examples. Aerospace industry method development is described in detail, along with associated aerospace applications. An in-depth explanation of one industry method (Northrop Grumman) is given, along with an example run of their computer program. The report concludes with a consensus of potential benefits as well as potential issues of concern that must be addressed by those using these analysis methods.
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking: The P-Grid System and its Applications (2003)

The limitations of client/server systems become evident in an Internet-scale distributed environment. Peer-topeer (P2P) systems offer an interesting alternative to traditional client/server systems: Every node acts both as a client and a server and “pays” its participation by providing access to its computing resources. Systems such as Napster and Gnutella have proven their practical applicability. In this article we give an overview of our PGrid system which provides an advanced P2P infrastructure targeted at application domains beyond mere filesharing. We present the conceptual foundations and outline some of the applications we are developing at the moment.
A total ordering multicast protocol using propagation trees (1995)

The paper discusses a multicast mechanism using propagation trees. It guarantees the total ordering (including causal ordering) of messages in multiple groups. The mechanism introduces a concept of meta-groups (a subset of a multicast group) and organizes meta-groups into propagation trees. Compared with the existing propagation tree mechanisms, this mechanism has the following advantages: 1) Greater parallelism. Messages can be sent to destinations by using broadcast networks. 2) Less message cost and less latency time. It takes less network communication to multicast a message and less time to have the message delivered to all the destinations. 3) More flexibility to dynamic membership changes and higher reliability for message propagation. It does not need to restructure propagation trees when there is a change in membership, and a site failure does not stop the message propagation to its descendants in the tree.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Anti-Neuroinflammatory and Neurotrophic Effects of Combined Therapy with Annexin II and Reg-2 on Injured Spinal Cord (2011)

The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid-binding protein annexin II and a secreted protein Reg-2 (regeneration gene protein 2) in spinal cord injury (SCI) model produced by contusion SCI at T(9) using the weight drop method. The agents were delivered intrathecally with Alzet miniosmotic pumps. We found that annexin II and Reg-2 remarkably reduced neuronal death, attenuated tissue damage and alleviated detrimental inflammation in vivo; meanwhile, a significant increase in white matter sparing and myelination area was observed. The propriospinal axons and long-distance supraspinal pathways were protected by the treatments as revealed by retrograde tracing. Basso Beattie Bresnahan locomotor rating scores also revealed a measurable behavioral improvement. However, no evident behavioral improvements in locomotor performance were achieved by the combined treatment with annexin II and Reg-2, compared with the separate treatment with annexin II and Reg-2.
Collateral ventilation (2006)

Understanding collateral ventilation is probably central to planning new bronchoscopic techniques for treating emphysema