gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The ZEB1 pathway links glioblastoma initiation, invasion and chemoresistance (2013)

Glioblastoma remains one of the most lethal types of cancer, and is the most common brain tumour in adults. In particular, tumour recurrence after surgical resection and radiation invariably occurs regardless of aggressive chemotherapy. Here, we provide evidence that the transcription factor ZEB1 (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1) exerts simultaneous influence over invasion, chemoresistance and tumourigenesis in glioblastoma. ZEB1 is preferentially expressed in invasive glioblastoma cells, where the ZEB1-miR-200 feedback loop interconnects these processes through the downstream effectors ROBO1, c-MYB and MGMT. Moreover, ZEB1 expression in glioblastoma patients is predictive of shorter survival and poor Temozolomide response. Our findings indicate that this regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition orchestrates key features of cancer stem cells in malignant glioma and identify ROBO1, OLIG2, CD133 and MGMT as novel targets of the ZEB1 pathway. Thus, ZEB1 is an important candidate molecule for glioblastoma recurrence, a marker of invasive tumour cells and a potential therapeutic target, along with its downstream effectors.
Mapping the assembly pathways that specify formation of the trilaminar kinetochore plates in human cells (2006)

We report the interactions amongst 20 proteins that specify their assembly to the centromere-kinetochore complex in human cells. Centromere protein (CENP)-A is at the top of a hierarchy that directs three major pathways, which are specified by CENP-C, -I, and Aurora B. Each pathway consists of branches that intersect to form nodes that may coordinate the assembly process. Complementary EM studies found that the formation of kinetochore trilaminar plates depends on the CENP-I/NUF2 branch, whereas CENP-C and Aurora B affect the size, shape, and structural integrity of the plates. We found that hMis12 is not constitutively localized at kinetochores, and that it is not essential for recruiting CENP-I. Our studies also revealed that kinetochores in HeLa cells contain an excess of CENP-A, of which approximately 10% is sufficient to promote the assembly of normal levels of kinetochore proteins. We elaborate on a previous model that suggested kinetochores are assembled from repetitive modules (Zinkowski, R.P., J. Meyne, and B.R. Brinkley. 1991. J. Cell Biol. 113:1091-110).
Design of a Stair-Climbing Hand Truck (2005)

Every year, both at home and in the workplace, thousands of adults injure themselves while attempting to move heavy objects. Devices such as hand trucks are used to relieve the stress of lifting while on flat ground; however, these devices usually fail when it becomes necessary to negotiate a street curb or a short flight of stairs. The objective of this thesis was to design and test a consumer-grade hand truck capable of climbing stairs. Several designs were conceived that would allow a non-industrial hand truck to travel over stairs, curbs, or uneven terrain while putting minimal strain on the user. One strategy, referred to as the Blanco Stair-Climbing Wheel, was selected for development; several solid models were created and a prototype was constructed. The finished prototype was tested with a payload of approximately 300 lbs, and it was determined that the hand truck design using the Blanco strategy is a viable option for a stair-climbing consumer product.
A Simple Method for the Cross-Section Area Determination of Single Profiled Fibers and Its Application (2018)

One of the critical prerequisites for accurately measuring the mechanical properties of profiled fibers is the precise determination of their cross-sectional areas (CSAs). In this study, a new method is established for determining a single profiled fibers' CSA based on the frozen section method and digital photo, pixel-ratio method (FS-DP). FS-DP is used to obtain a transverse section of a fiber, by acquiring an image of the cross section using optical microscopy or scanning electron microscopy, and then calculating the CSA using Photoshop. Using FS-DP, it was found that the shape of a fiber of silk changes little in a range of 50 μm, but varies considerably over a range of 1 m, while the CSA of cocoon silk (900 m) first increases and then decreases. Mechanical property tests showed that the elongation, strength, elastic modulus, and toughness values of the cocoon silk are consistent with those reported previously. Additionally, FS-DP was also used to observe other profiled fibers. The application tests indicated that FS-DP can be used to quickly and accurately obtain the CSA of a single profiled fiber, and that it is suitable for the large-scale determination and analysis of the mechanical properties of profiled fibers.
Internetworking data services (2002)

This paper describes considerations for potential future public data communication services interconnecting users on private local area networks belonging to different administrative domains. The relevant management issues are addressed in an architecture consisting of distributed software modules organized in a hierarchical structure supporting network administration functions. The authors describe an experimental internetworking unit being built to explore the functional capabilities needed to interface ethernet networks to systems operating at OC-3 SONET/SDH rates of 155.22 Mb/s with basic asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) transport capabilities. They describe bandwidth allocation, address screening, address translation, and traffic monitoring service aspects in the experimental prototype.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fern Constituents: Two New Secofilicane Triterpenoids from Adiantum cuneatum. (1996)

Two new secotriterpenoids 4, 23-bisnor-3, 4-secofilic-5-(24)-en-3-al (1) and 4, 23-bisnor-3, 3-dimethoxy-3, 4-secofilic-5(24)-ene (2) have been isolated from hexane extract of Adiantum cuneatum, and the structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses
Further Study on Fitting Forward Rate Curves with Maximum Smoothness (1998)

Adams and Deventer(1994) showed a model for fitting forward rate curves which are solved by using the maximum smoothness as the objective function and the observed bond prices as the constrained conditions. The first part of this paper provides further study on the theoretical essence of Adams and Deventer's model. We find that the parameters of the forward rate function are very sensitive to the constrained conditions and not all of the samples are suited for the conditions suggested by Adams and Deventer. As for these samples, an approach for finding advisable conditions is introduced in this paper. In order to test if the original specifications are the best, some revisions are tried, such as changing the definition of maximum smoothness, using coupon bond data instead of zero-coupon bond data, and trying the possibility of other forward rate functional forms. Furthermore, this model is extended to the application of fitting yield curves. The second part is made up of empirical studies. Adams and Deventer's model is applied to fit the forward rate curves by using the short -term bill, interest rate swaps, and government bond data in the Taiwan market, and the interest rate swap data is also used to fit the yield curves in the way derived in this paper.

Key words: maximum smoothness, forward rate curves, yield curves, spline method, duration adjustment method, zero-coupon adjustment method
Blueprint: Robust Prevention of Cross-site Scripting Attacks for Existing Browsers (2009)

As social networking sites proliferate across the World Wide Web, complex user-created HTML content is rapidly becoming the norm rather than the exception. User-created web content is a notorious vector for cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks that target websites and confidential user data. In this threat climate, mechanisms that render web applications immune to XSS attacks have been of recent research interest.A challenge for these security mechanisms is enabling web applications to accept complex HTML input from users, while disallowing malicious script content. This challenge is made difficult by anomalous web browser behaviors, which are often used as vectors for successful XSS attacks.Motivated by this problem, we present a new XSS defense strategy designed to be effective in widely deployed existing web browsers, despite anomalous browser behavior. Our approach seeks to minimize trust placed on browsers for interpreting untrusted content. We implemented this approach in a tool called Blueprint that was integrated with several popular web applications. We evaluated Blueprint against a barrage of stress tests that demonstrate strong resistance to attacks, excellent compatibility with web browsers and reasonable performance overheads.
Aperture-coupled patch antenna on UC-PBG substrate (1999)

The recently developed uniplanar compact photonic bandgap (UC-PBG) substrate is successfully used to reduce surface-wave losses for an aperture-coupled fed patch antenna on a thick high dielectric-constant substrate. The surface-wave dispersion diagram of the UC-PBG substrate has been numerically computed for two different substrate thickness (25 and 50 mil) and found to have a complete stopband in the frequency range of 10.9-13.5 and 11.4-12.8 GHz, respectively. The thicker substrate is then used to enhance broadside gain of a patch antenna working in the stopband at 12 GHz. Computed results and measured data show that, due to effective surface-wave suppression, the antenna mounted on the UC-PBG substrate has over 3-dB higher gain in the broadside direction than the same antenna etched on a grounded dielectric slab with same thickness and dielectric constant. Cross-polarization level remains 13 dB down the co-polar component level for both E- and H-planes.
Groundwork for Neural Network-Based Specific Emitter Identification Authentication for IoT (2019)

Trust is a prominent concern with the continued expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT). As new devices enter the market, device security must be a design pillar. In order to trust these devices, they must be identifiable and authenticated before they begin transmitting possible sensitive information, and given the vast number of IoT devices in the future, it may prove difficult to properly trust and authenticate these authorized devices on networks with current methods. Machine learning neural networks (NNs) have the ability to uniquely identify transmitters based on their physical waveform characteristics which could be used to identify and authenticate IoT nodes in large networks with little impact to latency, providing an extra layer of security and trust. This paper presents the groundwork for performing NN-based specific emitter identification (SEI) on resource constrained IoT devices using only raw in-phase and quadrature (IQ) streams, with protocols to secure IoT networks. As proof of concept, an existing NN-based SEI algorithm is executed on both a resource-rich and a more resource-constrained device with low latency, demonstrating the feasibility of using such algorithms on IoT devices now and in the future.
Refining of 18%Cr-8%Ni Steel with Ca-CaF<sub>2</sub> Solution (1976)

Ca-CaF 2 solution was used as an electro-flux in electroslag remelting jJrocessing to study the refining power of calcium metal dissolved in CaF 2 melt for various elements contained in 18 oCr-8 oN i steel. The experimental results showed that this metal solution removes all elements of group V-b in the Periodic Table (N, P , As, Sb and Bi ) as well as those of VJ-b group (0, S, Se and Te) to low levels . Sn and P b were also found to be reduced by Ca-CaF 2 solution . No substantial changes ill the concentrations of metals (Cu , Zn , A I, N i, Cr and M n) a nd semi-metal/ic elements (C and Si) were observed. This effectiveness of Ca metal solution as a refining reagent is expected to give a new way to the production of steel with extremely low levels of impurities that is not obtainable by conventionallefining methods .
The genome of the heartwater agent <i>Ehrlichia ruminantium</i> contains multiple tandem repeats of actively variable copy number (2005)

Heartwater, a tick-borne disease of domestic and wild ruminants, is caused by the intracellular rickettsia Ehrlichia ruminantium (previously known as Cowdria ruminantium). It is a major constraint to livestock production throughout subSaharan Africa, and it threatens to invade the Americas, yet there is no immediate prospect of an effective vaccine. A shotgun genome sequencing project was undertaken in the expectation that access to the complete protein coding repertoire of the organism will facilitate the search for vaccine candidate genes. We report here the complete 1,516,355-bp sequence of the type strain, the stock derived from the South African Welgevonden isolate. Only 62% of the genome is predicted to be coding sequence, encoding 888 proteins and 41 stable RNA species. The most striking feature is the large number of tandemly repeated and duplicated sequences, some of continuously variable copy number, which contributes to the low proportion of coding sequence. These repeats have mediated numerous translocation and inversion events that have resulted in the duplication and truncation of some genes and have also given rise to new genes. There are 32 predicted pseudogenes, most of which are truncated fragments of genes associated with repeats. Rather then being the result of the reductive evolution seen in other intracellular bacteria, these pseudogenes appear to be the product of ongoing sequence duplication events.
Chronic major aphthous stomatitis: oral treatment with low-dose alpha-interferon. (1990)

Two patients with chronic major aphthous stomatitis of at least 3 years duration were treated with single daily oral doses (1,200 IU) of interferon alfa-2 alpha (HuIFN alpha). Both patients responded with complete remission of aphthae within 6 weeks. One patient had no recurrence of the disease during a 6-month observation period. The second patient had a recurrent aphtha approximately 4 weeks after the initial lesion resolved; however, the recurrent lesion was less severe than the patient had historically experienced. Retreatment of the recurrent lesion with HuIFN alpha resulted in complete remission within 1 week, and there were no further recurrences during the 6-month observational period.
Geomechanical Effects on the SAGD Process (2005)

Abstract SAGD (steam-assisted gravity drainage) is a robust thermal process that has revolutionized the economic recovery of heavy oil and bitumen from the immense oil sands deposits in western Canada, which have 1.6 to 2.5 trillion barrels of oil in place. With steam injection, reservoir pressures and temperatures are raised. These elevated pressure and temperatures alter the rock stresses sufficiently to cause shear failure within and beyond the growing steam chamber. The associated increases in porosity, permeability, and water transmissibility accelerate the process. Pressures ahead of the steam chamber are substantially increased, which promote future growth of the steam chamber. A methodology for determining the optimum injection pressure for geomechanical enhancement is presented, which allows operators to custom-tailor steam pressures to their reservoirs. In response, these geomechanical enhancements of porosity, permeability, and mobility alter the growth pattern of the steam chamber. The stresses in the rock will determine the directionality of the steam chamber growth, and these are largely a function of the reservoir depth and tectonic loading. By anticipating the SAGD growth pattern, operators can optimize on the orientation and spacing of their wells. Monitoring of the SAGD process is central to understanding where the process has been successful. Methods of monitoring the steam chamber are presented, including the use of satellite radar interferometry. Monitoring is particularly important to ensure caprock integrity, as it is paramount that SAGD operations be contained within the reservoir. There are several quarter-billion dollar SAGD projects in western Canada that are currently in the design stage. It is essential that these designs use a fuller understanding of the SAGD process in order to optimize on well placement and facilities design. Only by including the interaction of SAGD and geomechanics can we achieve a more complete understanding of the process.
Large-scale vulnerability analysis (2006)

The security level of networks and systems is determined by the software vulnerabilities of its elements. Defending against large scale attacks requires a quantitative understanding of the vulnerability lifecycle. Specifically, one has to understand how exploitation and remediation of vulnerabilities, as well as the distribution of information thereof is handled by industry.In this paper, we examine how vulnerabilities are handled in large-scale, analyzing more than 80,000 security advisories published since 1995. Based on this information, we quantify the performance of the security industry as a whole. We discover trends and discuss their implications. We quantify the gap between exploit and patch availability and provide an analytical representation of our data which lays the foundation for further analysis and risk management.
Isolation and characterization of thromboxane synthase from human platelets as a cytochrome P-450 enzyme. (1985)

Thromboxane synthase from human platelets was purified to apparent homogeneity by conventional chromatographic techniques. A 423-fold enrichment over the specific content in the 100,000 X g sediment from platelet homogenates was obtained. The enzyme gave a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis corresponding to a monomeric molecular weight of 58,800. One heme per polypeptide chain was present, and by optical and EPR spectroscopy a close analogy to the group of cytochrome P-450 proteins was established. From its substrate prostaglandin H2, the stable end product thromboxane B2 is formed with a specific activity of 24.1 mumol min-1 mg of protein-1 which corresponds to a molecular activity of 1628 min-1. The enzyme formed 12L-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid together with thromboxane B2 in a 1:1 ratio. Both products were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. As reported previously for platelet microsomes (Ullrich, V., and Haurand, M. (1983) Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukotriene Res. 11, 105-110), the pure hemoprotein spectrally interacts with pyridine- or imidazole-based inhibitors and for the potent inhibitor imidazo-(1,5-a)pyridine-5-hexanoic acid a stoichiometric binding to the heme was shown. Substrate analogs with a methylene group replacing the oxygen in either the 9- or 11-position caused difference spectra showing spectral shifts towards 387 and 407 nm, respectively. The identification of thromboxane synthase as a P-450 protein suggests that the heme-thiolate group of the enzyme is required to split and activate the endoperoxide bond of prostaglandin H2.
WEE1 kinase inhibition reverses G2/M cell cycle checkpoint activation to sensitize cancer cells to immunotherapy (2018)

Intrinsic resistance to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) killing limits responses to immune activating anti-cancer therapies. Here, we established that activation of the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint results in tumor cell cycle pause and protection from granzyme B-induced cell death. This was reversed with WEE1 kinase inhibition, leading to enhanced CTL killing of antigen-positive tumor cells. Similarly, but at a later time point, cell cycle pause following TNFα exposure was reversed with WEE1 kinase inhibition, leading to CTL transmembrane TNFα-dependent induction of apoptosis and necroptosis in bystander antigen-negative tumor cells. Results were reproducible in models of oral cavity carcinoma, melanoma and colon adenocarcinoma harboring variable <i>Tp53</i> genomic alterations. WEE1 kinase inhibition sensitized tumors to PD-1 mAb immune checkpoint blockade <i>in vivo</i>, resulting in CD8<sup>+</sup>-dependent rejection of established tumors harboring antigen-positive or mixed antigen-positive and negative tumor cells. Together, these data describe activation of the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint in response to early and late CTL products as a mechanism of resistance to CTL killing, and provide pre-clinical rationale for the clinical combination of agents that inhibit cell cycle checkpoints and activate anti-tumor immunity.
Early lessons in space observations and Earth resources (1968)

The anterior chor oideal artery cannot be considered as an arterial source for thalamic vascularization. Its territory is primarily pallidocapsular and reaches the thalamus only irregularly and superfically. 2. The posteromedian choroideal and thalamic system, in its infrathalamic portion, gives off lateral mesencephalosubthalamic, inferocentral (for the tips of the arcuate nucleus and the inferolateral part of the centre median nucleus), brachiopulvinarian and posterocentral arteries. In its suprathalamic portion it gives off medial pulvinarian and superomedian thalamic arteries. These arteries irriguate the major part of nucleus medialis and the nucleus anterior. 3. The posterolateral choroideal and thalamic system gives off lateral genicular arteries (for the lateral geniculate body), inferolateral pulvinarian and superolateral thalamic arteries. These arteries irriguate the dorsal part of the interal region of the thalamus.
Optical layer monitoring in Passive Optical Networks (PONs): A review (2008)

Motivations, challenges and requirements of optical layer monitoring in PONs are discussed. An exhaustive review of monitoring systems is given considering both time-division multiplexed PON (TDM-PON) and wavelength-division multiplexed PON (WDM-PON) cases.
Cross-Document Coreference Resolution: A Key Technology for Learning by Reading (2009)

Automatic knowledge base population from text is an important technology for a broad range of approaches to learning by reading. Effective automated knowledge base population depends critically upon coreference resolution of entities across sources. Use of a wide range of features, both those that capture evidence for entity merging and those that argue against merging, can significantly improve machine learning-based cross-document coreference resolution. Results from the Global Entity Detection and Recognition task of the NIST Automated Content Extraction (ACE) 2008 evaluation support this conclusion.
수행 컨설턴트의 역량모형 개발을 위한 델파이 연구: 조직문화 변화 해결책을 중심으로 (1999)

기업의 구조조정 및 정리해고로 인해 기업들이 무력증과 공유가치의 상실을 경험하고, 기업의 인수 및 합병과 같은 전략적 제휴를 통해 서로 다른 기업문화의 충돌을 경험하고 있는 기업이 증가하고 있는 시점에서, 조직문화 변화가 중요한 이슈가 되고 있다. 이에 따라, 교육공학 실천가로서의 기업교육 담당자 혹은 HR 담당자의 역할도 단순히 “교육 훈련 제공자”에서 종업원의 수행과 조직의 경영성과 개선에 관심을 갖는 “수행 컨설턴트”의 역할로 확대되면서, 점차 기업의 전략기획, 경영혁신, 조직문화 변화작업에 관여하게 되었다. 본 연구는 기업교육 담당자나 HR 담당자의 리엔지니어링된 새로운 역할인 수행 컨설턴트로서, 조직에서 조직문화 변화 해결책을 제공하는데 요구되는 역할, 역량 및 역할수행행동을 정의하여, 역량모형을 개발하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적을 위해 수행공학과 조직문화 관련 전문가 집단을 선정하고 이들을 대상으로 총 3차례에 걸친 델파이 연구를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 조직문화 변화를 추진하는데 중요한 수행 컨설턴트의 역할에 관해서는 최종적으로 6가지의 역할이 선정되었고, 이 역할과 관련하여 요구되는 역량은 27가지, 그리고 역할수행행동은 113가지로 정의되었다. 특히 역량의 경우 크게 3가지의 범주 즉, 기본 공통 역량, 역할 관련 역량, 핵심역량으로 구분되었다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 전문가 집단에서 도출된 결론과 기업현장에서 기업문화 변화에 종사하는 HR 담당자들의 생각을 비교할 가치가 있을 것이다. 또한 본연구의 역량모형에서 규정된 수행 컨설턴트의 역량을 획득하고 개발하는 데에 유용한 구체적인 전략들이 후속연구에서 파악되어야 할 것이다.
Selcetive biohydroxylation of 1-substituted adamantanes using Absidia cylindrospora(I.M.I. 342950) (1996)

The biohydroxylation of 1-substituted adamantanes using Absidia cylindrospora in a whole-cell oxidation system exclusively generated 3-hydroxy and 4ax-hydroxy derivatives; the assignments were confirmed by three X-ray crystal structure determinations.