gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative cell clones from the EBV-positive Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) line Akata: malignant phenotypes of BL cells are dependent on EBV (1994)

During cultivation of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) line Akata, it was noted that EBV DNA is lost from some of the cells. Isolation of EBV-positive and EBV-negative clones with the same origin made it possible to examine the effects of EBV in BL cells. The results indicate that malignant phenotypes of BL, such as growth in low serum, anchorage-independent growth in soft agar, and tumorigenicity in nude mice, are dependent on the presence of EBV genomes and underline the oncogenic function of EBV in human cancer.
A fault-tolerant switching network for B-ISDN (1991)

The author proposes a self-routing fault-tolerant switching network for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switching systems. The network has many subswitches to enhance the fault tolerance of the conventional multistage interconnection network which only has a unique path. The subswitches provide large numbers of alternative paths between switching stages and allow the network to tolerate multiple paths. The routing algorithm is quite simple. The paths can also be used to route cells under the condition that internal cell contentions occur in switching elements. A reliability analysis shows a quantitative measurement of the improvement in fault tolerance as compared with previously presented fault-tolerant networks. A performance analysis and simulation results show that the proposed network has a high level of maximum throughput. In addition, that level of throughput is maintained with reasonable cell delay even though the number of faulty components increases in the network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phorbol ester and cyclic AMP-mediated regulation of the melanoma-associated cell adhesion molecule MUC18/MCAM. (1996)

MUC18/MCAM is a melanoma-associated cell adhesion molecule that is also occasionally found on carcinomas and other tumor types. On melanomas, MUC18 expression increases with tumor progression and is found on more than 70% of metastatic lesions. To investigate the regulation of MUC18 expression, cell lines of diverse tissue origin were exposed to cytokines, regulators of intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP), and to phorbol ester. MUC18 expression could not be induced in negative cell lines and could only be modulated by changes in cAMP levels or by exposure to phorbol ester in positive cells. An increase in intracellular cAMP led to an up-regulation in cell surface MUC18 that was maximal at 48 h. Increased MUC18 mRNA levels were observed as soon as 4 h and were 3-fold higher than in control cells by 48 h. Exposure of the cells to phorbol ester reduced MUC18 surface expression to background levels by 24 h. This downregulation was associated with decreased mRNA levels that were apparent at 8 h. By 24 h, steady-state levels of MUC18 mRNA had been reduced by 58%. Whereas similar changes in MUC18 surface expression were observed in MUC18-expressing glioma and carcinoma cell lines, melanoma cells were more resistant to the MUC18-modulating effects of cAMP analogues and phorbol ester. These observations suggest that the strong MUC18 expression observed in advanced melanomas may reflect disturbances in the normal regulation of this molecule.
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 provokes mast cell aggregation and [3H]5HT release. (1995)

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and MCP-3, the most active and representative compounds of the CC chemokine family, are proinflammatory cytokines that attract and activate specific types of leucocytes. We have used highly purified isolated rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) cultured for different lengths of time with and without MCP-1 (200, 100, 50 and 25 nM). Our data clearly show that MCP-1 (200 nM) causes a marked release of [3H]serotonin ([3H]5HT and histamine, which reach a peak at 40 min of incubation (56.6 +/- 5.3 and 34.7 +/- 6 above the control, respectively). In dose-response experiments, MCP-1 (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.12 nM) provoked a dose-dependent release of [3H]5HT and histamine from RPMC, which was maximum at 200 nM. After preparation of the histidine decarboxylase (HDC) probe, a Northern blot analysis was determined for HDC mRNA. After 4 hr, steady-state levels of HDC mRNA were induced in a dose-dependent manner by MCP-1 (200-25 nM), compared to the controls. However, MCP-1 failed to prime RPMC in [3H]5HT and histamine release when C48/80 (0.05 micrograms/ml) or anti-IgE was used. In contrast, murine interleukin-3 (IL-3) in combination with MCP-1 (200 and 100 nM) provoked a greater release of histamine and [3H]5HT than the compounds alone. Moreover, RPMC treated with MCP-1 (200 nM) showed, under light microscopy (20x), greater clump formation, a phenomenon absent in the controls (untreated cells). The electron microscope studies revealed that treatment with MCP-1 (200 nM) promoted binding of RPMC and clearly demonstrated a communication between the cytoplasms of adjacent mast cells. Our report describes additional biological activities for MCP-1, suggesting for the first time that this human monocyte chemoattractant plays a fundamental role in histamine and serotonin release and cell aggregation in rat peritoneal mast cells.
Wordrank: A Method for Ranking Web Pages Based on Content Similarity (2007)

This paper presents WordRank, a new page ranking system, which exploits similarity between interconnected pages. WordRank introduces the model of the 'biased surfer' which is based on the following assumption: "the visitor of a Web page tends to visit Web pages with similar content rather than content irrelevant pages". The algorithm modifies the random surfer model by biasing the probability of a user to follow a link in favor of links to pages with similar content. It is our intuition that WordRank is most appropriate in topic based searches, since it prioritizes strongly interconnected pages, and in the same time is more robust to the multitude of topics and to the noise produced by navigation links. This paper presents preliminary experimental evidence from a search engine we developed for the Greek fragment of the World Wide Web. For evaluation purposes, we introduce a new metric (SI score) which is based on implicit user's feedback, but we also employ explicit evaluation, where available.
Forward scattering from square cylinders in the resonance region with application to aperture blockage (1976)

The relationship between the induced field ratio (IFR) of a cylinder and aperture blocking of a constant-phase aperture by cylindrical struts is discussed. An analytical technique is presented whereby the IFR of rectangular cylinders can be calculated using the method-of-moments with internal constraint points. An experimental technique using a forward-scattering range is used to measure the IFR's of square and circular cylinders in an anechoic chamber. These experimental results are compared with the theory, and their implications on aperture blocking losses and boresight cross polarization are discussed.
Stable metal–organic complexes as anion hosts (2008)

A growing number of metal-organic complexes are being employed as anion hosts. This tutorial review focuses on stable, mononuclear transition metal complexes with a well defined geometry that use a combination of electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonds for anion binding. In these hosts, the metal provides positive charge and act as a scaffold that holds the ligands containing the hydrogen-bond donor groups in the appropriate positions. Issues particular to these hosts, such as the choice of the ligands, metal center and counteranion, and the stability of the host, are discussed using examples from the recent literature. This paper is addressed to readers interested in supramolecular chemistry and coordination or organometallic chemistry.
Quantitative analyses of fullerene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures via solvent‐free matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (2008)

Abstract We explore the feasibility of reliable quantitative matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) analyses via solvent‐free sample preparation, as this procedure provides the unique convenience of being applicable also to insoluble samples. As quantitative MALDI measurements are even more complicated for species ionized by cation attachment, we investigated model systems, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fullerenes, which undergo photoionization and do not require additional cationizing salts. Our quantitative approach rests upon applying the standard‐addition method in MALDI for the quantitative characterization of binary mixtures. Two different systems are tested. Set 1 is composed of hexakis(dodecyl)hexabenzocoronene and hexakis(dodecyl)hexaphenylbenzene, which represent the product and precursor of a cyclodehydrogenation reaction, and Set 2 is a mixture of C60 and C70 fullerenes. In Set 1, severe anomalies could be detected due to a strong influence of the matrix/analyte ratio on the correlation between signal intensity and analyte amount. This can be related to the strong intermolecular interactions among the hexabenzocoronene (HBC) aromatic cores hampering the desorption step and to intermolecular charge transfers, which influence the ionization probability. Minor interferences to the quantitative MALDI characterization are encountered in the analysis of C60 and C70 fullerenes. The spherical shapes of C60 and C70 buckyballs prevent strong aggregation. Thus, no molecule‐dependent anomalies in their desorption‐photoionization behaviour are recognized. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In situ measurements of the axial expansion of palladium microdisks during hydrogen exposure using diffraction phase microscopy (2014)

We measured the height of Pd microdisks during H2 exposure using epi-illumination diffraction phase microscopy, a quantitative phase imaging technique for capturing nanoscale dynamics in situ. From these microdisk height measurements, we extracted the axial expansion coefficient as a function of H2 concentration as well as image sequences that show the instantaneous rate of axial expansion in a spatially and temporally resolved manner. Quantifying these two parameters is important in modeling Pd-based H2 sensors. For H2 concentrations below 0.5%, i.e. an order of magnitude below the lower explosive limit, the axial expansion coefficient followed the Freundlich distribution: Δh(c) = 1.28 c0.51 where Δh is the percentage change in height of the Pd microdisk and c is the percent concentration of H2 in N2. The fit agrees well with the anticipated square root dependence for diatomic gas.
Inhomogeneous dynamic nuclear polarization of protons in a lamella-forming diblock copolymer investigated by a small-angle neutron scattering method (2011)

By combining two methods of selective doping of paramagnetic species into a microdomain and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), the spatially inhomogeneous proton polarization created by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has been precisely evaluated. A lamella-forming diblock copolymer composed of polystyrene (PS) and polyisoprene (PI) block chains (PS- b -PI) was employed, the SANS profile of which clearly shows scattering peaks up to the third order due to interlamellar interference. As a source of electron spin for DNP, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) was doped into one or other of the microdomains; samples with PS or PI microdomains selectively doped with TEMPO are designated PS . - b -PI and PS- b -PI . , respectively. The SANS intensity at the first- and third-order peaks is well reproduced by assuming that the proton polarization is homogeneous throughout the sample, but that at the second-order peak cannot be explained by this assumption. This anomaly regarding the second-order peak was successfully explained by a model postulating that proton polarization in a doped microdomain decreases with increasing distance from the interface with a neighbouring doped microdomain. The decrease in proton polarization at the centre of a doped microdomain was estimated to be 0.07 (2) for PS- b -PI . and 0.05 (1) for PS . - b -PI, relative to constant proton polarization in a doped microdomain. The inhomogeneous proton polarization results from two competing dynamic processes, i.e. spin diffusion from doped to undoped microdomains, and spin lattice relaxation occurring on the pathway of proton spin diffusion.
Dual QoS loading algorithms for multicarrier systems offering different CBR services (2002)

We propose a novel loading algorithm for discrete multitone (DMT) modulation or orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) systems simultaneously providing two constant bit rate (CBR) services. Furthermore, these two services have different quality of services (QoS) characterized respectively by their target bit error rates (BER). We derive the optimal solution and show that it is NP-hard. Thus, we propose a method namely, disjoint bandwidth (DBW) which is O(N log N) that still gives near optimal performance. The reduction in complexity is enabled by the set selection procedure we propose. Simulation results for frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels with additive white Gaussian noise show that the DBW method is within 0.1% of the optimum for a total number of carriers N>12 and that it performs on the average 15% better than any previously reported method in the literature.
YB-1 Transforms Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Through Chromatin Remodeling Leading to the Development of Basal-Like Breast Cancer (2014)

Abstract There is growing evidence that cancer-initiation could result from epigenetic changes. Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is a transcription/translation factor that promotes the formation of tumors in transgenic mice; however, the underlying molecular events are not understood. To explore this in a human model system, YB-1 was expressed in mammary epithelial cells under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter. The induction of YB-1 promoted phenotypes associated with malignancy in three-dimensional breast acini cultures. This was attributed to YB-1 enhancing the expression and activity of the histone acetyltransferase p300 leading to chromatin remodeling. Specifically, this relaxation of chromatin allowed YB-1 to bind to the BMI1 promoter. The induction of BMI1 engaged the Polycomb complex resulting in histone H2A ubiquitylation and repression of the CDKN2A locus. These events manifested functionally as enhanced self-renewal capacity that occurred in a BMI1-dependent manner. Conversely, p300 inhibition with anacardic acid prevented YB-1 from binding to the BMI1 promoter and thereby subverted self-renewal. Despite these early changes, full malignant transformation was not achieved until RSK2 became overexpressed concomitant with elevated human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) activity. The YB-1/RSK2/hTERT expressing cells formed tumors in mice that were molecularly subtyped as basal-like breast cancer. We conclude that YB-1 cooperates with p300 to allow BMI1 to over-ride p16INK4a-mediated cell cycle arrest enabling self-renewal and the development of aggressive breast tumors. Stem Cells 2014;32:1437–1450
Regulation of c-jun and jun-B by progestins in T-47D human breast cancer cells. (1992)

To investigate further the molecular mechanisms of progestin regulation of human breast cancer cell growth, we studied the effect of progestins on expression of the protooncogene c-jun and other members of the jun family, jun-B and jun-D, in T-47D human breast cancer cells. The progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) increased c-jun mRNA levels in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Maximal effects were seen after 3 h of treatment with 10-100 nM MPA. Under these conditions, the c-jun mRNA was increased 5.4-fold above the control level. Although the c-jun mRNA level was increased by cycloheximide alone, a further 2.4-fold increase was seen when the cells were treated with MPA in the presence of cycloheximide. The p39 c-jun protein was also increased 3.8-fold by this treatment. Maximum levels of p39 c-jun protein were achieved 9 h after treatment, and this level was maintained for at least 24 h. Dexamethasone and dihydrotestosterone did not increase the p39 c-jun protein level under these conditions. However, MPA treatment of T-47D cells resulted in a 55% decrease in overall AP-1 activity, as measured by transient transfection of an AP-1-regulated chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene. These effects were all reversible by cotreatment with a 10-fold higher concentration of the antiprogestin RU 486. MPA decreased jun-B mRNA levels 50% 1 h after treatment in T-47D cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Compressive Sensing-Based IoT Applications: A Review (2018)

The Internet of Things (IoT) holds great promises to provide an edge cutting technology that enables numerous innovative services related to healthcare, manufacturing, smart cities and various human daily activities. In a typical IoT scenario, a large number of self-powered smart devices collect real-world data and communicate with each other and with the cloud through a wireless link in order to exchange information and to provide specific services. However, the high energy consumption associated with the wireless transmission limits the performance of these IoT self-powered devices in terms of computation abilities and battery lifetime. Thus, to optimize data transmission, different approaches have to be explored such as cooperative transmission, multi-hop network architectures and sophisticated compression techniques. For the latter, compressive sensing (CS) is a very attractive paradigm to be incorporated in the design of IoT platforms. CS is a novel signal acquisition and compression theory that exploits the sparsity behavior of most natural signals and IoT architectures to achieve power-efficient, real-time platforms that can grant efficient IoT applications. This paper assesses the extant literature that has aimed to incorporate CS in IoT applications. Moreover, the paper highlights emerging trends and identifies several avenues for future CS-based IoT research.
Printed Flexible Plastic Microchip for Viral Load Measurement through Quantitative Detection of Viruses in Plasma and Saliva (2015)

We report a biosensing platform for viral load measurement through electrical sensing of viruses on a flexible plastic microchip with printed electrodes. Point-of-care (POC) viral load measurement is of paramount importance with significant impact on a broad range of applications, including infectious disease diagnostics and treatment monitoring specifically in resource-constrained settings. Here, we present a broadly applicable and inexpensive biosensing technology for accurate quantification of bioagents, including viruses in biological samples, such as plasma and artificial saliva, at clinically relevant concentrations. Our microchip fabrication is simple and mass-producible as we print microelectrodes on flexible plastic substrates using conductive inks. We evaluated the microchip technology by detecting and quantifying multiple Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) subtypes (A, B, C, D, E, G, and panel), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), and Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpes Virus (KSHV) in a fingerprick volume (50 µL) of PBS, plasma, and artificial saliva samples for a broad range of virus concentrations between 10(2) copies/mL and 10(7) copies/mL. We have also evaluated the microchip platform with discarded, de-identified HIV-infected patient samples by comparing our microchip viral load measurement results with reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) as the gold standard method using Bland-Altman Analysis.
Cloning of a Subunit of Yeast RNA Oolymerase II Transcription Factor b and CTD Kinase (1992)

Yeast RNA polymerase II initiation factor b copurifies with three polypeptides of 85, 73, and 50 kilodaltons and with a protein kinase that phosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal repeat domain (CTD) of the largest polymerase subunit. The gene that encodes the 73-kilodalton polypeptide, designated TFB1, was cloned and found to be essential for cell growth. The deduced protein sequence exhibits no similarity to those of protein kinases. However, the sequence is similar to that of the 62-kilodalton subunit of the HeLa transcription factor BFT2, suggesting that this factor is the human counterpart of yeast factor b. Immunoprecipitation experiments using antibodies to the TFB1 gene product demonstrate that the transcriptional and CTD kinase activities of factor b are closely associated with an oligomer of the three polypeptides. Photoaffinity labeling with 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyl-ATP (adenosine triphosphate) identified an ATP-binding site in the 85-kilodalton polypeptide, suggesting that the 85-kilodalton subunit contains the catalytic domain of the kinase.
Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs): organic materials for membrane separations, heterogeneous catalysis and hydrogen storage (2006)

This tutorial review describes recent research directed towards the synthesis of polymer-based organic microporous materials termed Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs). PIMs can be prepared either as insoluble networks or soluble polymers with both types giving solids that exhibit analogous behaviour to that of conventional microporous materials such as activated carbons. Soluble PIMs may be processed into thin films for use as highly selective gas separation membranes. Preliminary results also demonstrate the potential of PIMs for heterogeneous catalysis and hydrogen storage.
Enhancement of Targeted Homologous Recombination in<i>Mycoplasma mycoides</i>subsp.<i>capri</i>by Inclusion of Heterologous<i>recA</i> (2010)

A suicide plasmid, pExp1-ctpA::tetM-recAec, employing recA from Escherichia coli and tetM as a selection marker, was used to generate ctpA knockout mutants in Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri through targeted gene disruption. Inclusion of E. coli recA greatly enhanced both the consistency and the recovery of mutants generated by homologous recombination.
.beta.-Adrenergic blocking agents. 13. (3-Amino-2-hydroxypropoxy)benzamides (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.beta.-Adrenergic blocking agents. 13. (3-Amino-2-hydroxypropoxy)benzamidesL. H. SmithCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1976, 19, 9, 1119–1123Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00231a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00231a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts