gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Paeoniflorin, Glycyrrhizin and Glycyrrhetic acid on Ovarian Androgen Production (1991)

We have shown that traditional herbal medicine, Shakuyaku-Kanzo-To consisted of Shakuyaku and Kanzo decreased serum testosterone levels in woman and rat. Therefore, paeoniflorin and glycyrrhizin, a main component of Shakuyaku and Kanzo, respectively, and glycyrrhetic acid, a metabolite of glycyrrhizin in vivo, were investigated for the steroid production in the rat ovary on the morning of proestrus. The homogenized tissues of one ovary were incubated in the Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (pH 7.5) with 100 micrograms/ml of paeoniflorin, glycyrrhetic acid and glycyrrhizin and the medium only (the control) at 37 degrees C for 270 min. After the centrifugation, the concentrations of delta 4-androstenedione, testosterone and estradiol in the supernatants were determined by RIA. The production of the hormones expressed by [concentration x supernatant volume/weight of the ovary] was compared to the control. Paeoniflorin, glycyrrhetic acid and glycyrrhizin decreased significantly the testosterone production but did not change that of delta 4-androstenedione and estradiol. Testosterone/delta 4-androstenedione production ratio was lowered significantly by paeoniflorin, glycyrrhetic acid and glycyrrhizin. Estradiol/testosterone production ratio was increased significantly by glycyrrhetic acid and not changed by paeoniflorin and glycyrrhizin. These results suggest that paeoniflorin, glycyrrhetic acid and glycyrrhizin affect the conversion between delta 4-androstenedione and testosterone to inhibit testosterone synthesis and stimulate the aromatase activity to promote estradiol synthesis by the direct action on the rat proestrous ovary.
Effects of Ethacrynic Acid on Human Red Blood Cells (1973)

Ethacrynic acid is a diuretic which has been recommended for intravenous administration in renal failure and for addition to packed red cells prior to transfusion in severe anemia. We have studied the effect of this drug on red blood cell lysis in vitro and have shown that hemolysis can occur with concentrations of ethacrynic acid of 1 mg/ml and increases with increasing drug concentration, temperature of incubation, and duration of exposure to the drug. With scanning electron microscopy, drug‐treated cells have undergone spheroechinocyte transformation. Autologous drug‐treated red blood cells in vivo have shown reduced 24‐hour posttransfusion survival and T½Cr with splenic sequestration after exposure of red cells for two hours to concentrations of ethacrynic acid which do not produce demonstrable lysis in vitro . Red cell survival in five out of six subjects taking oral ethacrynic acid 50 mg/bd was normal. It is suggested that the drug is contraindicated for addition to blood infusions and its use in high intravenous doses to children should, if possible, be avoided.
Advanced intercross lines, an experimental population for fine genetic mapping. (1995)

An advanced intercrossed line (AIL) is an experimental population that can provide more accurate estimates of quantitative trait loci (QTL) map location than conventional mapping populations. An AIL is produced by randomly and sequentially intercrossing a population that initially originated from a cross between two inbred lines or some variant thereof. This provides increasing probability of recombination between any two loci. Consequently, the genetic length of the entire genome is stretched, providing increased mapping resolution. In this way, for example, with the same population size and QTL effect, a 95% confidence interval of QTL map location of 20 cM in the F2 is reduced fivefold after eight additional random mating generations (F10). Simulation results showed that to obtain the anticipated reduction in the confidence interval, breeding population size of the AIL in all generations should comprise an effective number of > or = 100 individuals. It is proposed that AILs derived from crosses between known inbred lines may be a useful resource for fine genetic mapping.
<title>Biodistribution, pharmacokinetic, and in-vivo fluorescence spectroscopic studies of photosensitizers</title> (1996)

Some key data concerning the pharmacokinetics of PCT photosensitizers are reviewed. The following topics are discussed: The binding of photosensitizers to serum proteins, and the significance of LDL binding for tumor localization, the distribution of sensitizers among different tissue compartments and the significance of extracellular proteins and other stromal elements, such as macrophages, low tumor pH, leaky vasculature and poor lymphatic drainage for tumor selectivity of drugs, the retention and excretion of sensitizers, and intracellular pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, the usefulness of fluorescence measurements in the study of sensitizer pharmacokinetics is briefly discussed. A key observation is that <SUP>1</SUP>O<SUB>2</SUB> has a short radius of action. Since practically all PCT sensitizers act via the <SUP>1</SUP>O<SUB>2</SUB> pathway, only targets with significant sensitizer concentrations can be damaged. A given number of <SUP>1</SUP>O<SUB>2</SUB> entities generated in different organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, plasma membrane, etc.) may lead to widely different effects with respect to cell inactivation. Similarly, sensitizers localizing in different compartments of tissues may have different photosensitizing efficiencies even under conditions of a similar <SUP>1</SUP>O<SUB>2</SUB> yield.
A Novel Application of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds as Antibacterial Hybrid Coating on Glass Surfaces (2008)

A hybrid coating is prepared on a glass surface by a sol-gel process using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and Q(4)N(+)-Si(OR)(3). Transparent coatings with smooth surfaces were investigated against both Gram-positive (Escherichia coli) and Gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). A rapid decrease of the count for both strains was observed within 72 h. A significant correlation has been observed between the concentration of Q(4)N(+)-Si(OR)(S) and the antibacterial activity which has been thoroughly investigated.
Role and regulation of metalloproteinases in connective tissue turnover (1990)

Conference Article| October 01 1990 Role and regulation of metalloproteinases in connective tissue turnover GILLIAN MURPHY; GILLIAN MURPHY *Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 4RN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROSALIND M. HEMBRY; ROSALIND M. HEMBRY *Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 4RN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CLARE E. HUGHES; CLARE E. HUGHES †Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London W6 7DW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar AMANDA J. FOSANG; AMANDA J. FOSANG †Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London W6 7DW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar TIM E. HARDINGHAM TIM E. HARDINGHAM †Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London W6 7DW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1990) 18 (5): 812–815. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180812 Article history Received: April 02 1990 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation GILLIAN MURPHY, ROSALIND M. HEMBRY, CLARE E. HUGHES, AMANDA J. FOSANG, TIM E. HARDINGHAM; Role and regulation of metalloproteinases in connective tissue turnover. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1990; 18 (5): 812–815. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180812 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase This content is only available as a PDF. © 1990 Biochemical Society1990 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Effective Schottky Barrier Height Reduction Using Sulfur or Selenium at the NiSi/n-Si (100) Interface for Low Resistance Contacts (2007)

We explore a novel integration approach that introduces valence-mending adsorbates such as sulfur (S) or selenium (Se) by ion implantation and prior to nickel silicidation for the effective reduction of contact resistance and Schottky barrier (SB) height at the NiSi/n-Si interface. While a low SB height of ~0.12 eV can be obtained for NiSi formed on S-implanted n-Si, the insertion of a 1000degC anneal prior to silicidation leads to S out-diffusion and loss of SB modulation effects. We demonstrate that Se-implanted Si does not suffer from Se outdiffusion even after a 1000degC anneal, and subsequent Ni silicidation formed an excellent ohmic contact with a low SB height of 0.13 eV. Se segregation at the NiSi/n-Si (100) interface occurred. Implantation of Se and its segregation at the NiSi/n-Si interface is a simple and promising approach for achieving reduced SB height and contact resistance in future high-performance n-channel field-effect transistors.
Optically processed self-routing, synchronization, and contention resolution for 1-D and 2-D photonic switching architectures (1993)

The use of optical processing to perform switch routing functions permits real-time routing of packets at high speed. The architecture of a 2*2 photonic packet switching node using optically processed fixed-directory routing, contention resolution using deflection routing, and synchronization is presented. Simplified optically processed self-routing procedures are found for banyan and lattice networks. Although lattice networks require a larger number of switching elements than banyan networks, they have a simpler interconnection field, and unlike banyan networks, the self-routing rule for lattices can avoid any internal blocking. The layout of a self-routing 2-D lattice, using 2*2 switches and a smart pixel, is described. Based on a first-arrival self-routing rule, an additional processing logic is required to perform routing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Alternative splicing of myomesin 1 gene is aberrantly regulated in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (2011)

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disease caused by a CTG repeat expansion in the 3′‐UTR of dystrophia myotonica‐protein kinase. Aberrant regulation of alternative splicing is a characteristic feature of DM. Dozens of genes have been found to be abnormally spliced; however, few reported splicing abnormalities explain the phenotypes of DM1 patients. Thus, we hypothesized that other, unknown abnormal splicing events exist. Here, by using exon array, we identified aberrant inclusion of myomesin 1 ( MYOM1 ) exon 17a as a novel splicing abnormality in DM1 muscle. A cellular splicing assay with a MYOM1 minigene revealed that not only MBNL1‐3 but also CELF1 and 2 decreased the inclusion of MYOM1 exon 17a in HEK293T cells. Expression of expanded CUG repeat impeded MBNL1 activity but did not affect CELF1 activity on the splicing of MYOM1 minigene. Our results suggest that the downregulation of MBNL proteins should lead to the abnormal splicing of MYOM1 exon 17a in DM1 muscle.
A low cost manufacturing process for high density hybrid components based on multilayer polyimide/ceramic structures (1993)

The authors describe a multichip module component manufacturing process combining multilayer polyimide and multilayer low-temperature cofired ceramic structures, using the latter as the encapsulation support. A first characterization of the results is also reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Private Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Debugging (2008)

Networks that use SIP to start and stop sessions between their users
will frequently be upgraded with software and hardware changes. Users
will similarly frequently change their client software and the way
they user the network. In order to provide troubleshooting and
regression testing, it is useful to provide debugging as part of the
network fabric. This draft describes a SIP private header that
triggers logging of SIP signalling and identifies logs at mulitiple
SIP entities as belonging to a single end-to-end session.
Die Provinz Volgograd in den neunziger Jahren: Veränderungen und Erwartungen (1999)

'Mit der Erkenntnis, daß sich westliche Politik nicht ausschließlich auf Gesprächspartner in Moskau verlassen kann, wird das Bedürfnis nach kompetenten und informierten Studien über das politische und wirtschaftliche Potential der russischen Regionen deutlich. Handreichungen für mögliche westliche Wirtschaftspartner, die sich weniger mit temporären Ereignissen, sondern vielmehr mit strukturellen Gegebenheiten beschäftigen, sind jedoch noch immer rar. Der Bericht über die Region Volgograd trägt dazu bei, diese Lücke zu füllen. Diese Provinz hat sich mit Einführung der Wirtschaftsreformen trotz positiver Ausgangsvoraussetzungen nicht zu einer gedeihenden Region entwickelt, die die wirtschaftliche und politische Stabilität im südöstlichen Teil des europäischen Rußland beeinflussen könnte. Die Gründe hierfür sind zum einen gesamtrussischer Natur, zum anderen jedoch können sie auch in der Provinz selbst gefunden werden. Ein strategisches Konzept, wie die Wirtschaft der Region durch politische Maßnahmen wiederbelebt werden könnte, existiert nicht, Reformen werden aufgeschoben und bestehende Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten nicht genutzt.' (Textauszug)
Clinical significance of serum Th1‐, Th2‐ and regulatory T cells‐associated cytokines in adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma: High interleukin‐5 and ‐10 levels are significant unfavorable prognostic factors (2006)

Patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) are in a severely immunocompromised state. Therefore, it is assumed that ATLL cells either express particular cytokines or induce their expression in host immune cells, disrupting the balanced production of cytokines and causing the host's immune system to break down. We examined the levels of serum cytokines including T helper type 1- (Th1-) associated cytokines [IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and interleukin (IL)-2], Th2-associated cytokines (IL-4, -5 and -6) and regulatory T cell-associated cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-beta1) in 94 ATLL patients, 39 asymptomatic human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) carriers and 50 healthy adult volunteers, to clarify whether elevated levels of particular cytokines are associated with the prognosis of ATLL patients. On multivariate analysis, high IL-5 and IL-10 levels were independent and significant unfavorable prognostic factors among the ATLL patients. The IL-10 level significantly increased with disease progression at each step from asymptomatic HTLV-1 carrier to ATLL of the indolent variant (chronic and smoldering subtypes) to ATLL of the aggressive variant (acute and lymphoma subtypes). Furthermore, high IL-10 was significantly associated with high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), indicating that the IL-10 level reflects the tumor burden. The IL-5 level was not associated with disease progression nor LDH. Among ATLL patients with the aggressive variant, high IL-5, but not high IL-10, was an independent and significant unfavorable prognostic factor on multivariate analysis. Measurement of serum IL-5 and IL-10 levels is useful for predicting the prognosis and for determining a suitable treatment strategy for ATLL patients.
Single‐channel recordings of a rapid delayed rectifier current in adult mouse ventricular myocytes: basic properties and effects of divalent cations (2004)

The rapidly delayed rectifier current (I(Kr)) has been described in ventricular myocytes isolated from many species, as well as from neonatal mice. However, whether I(Kr) is present in the adult mouse heart remains controversial. We used cell-attached patch-clamp recording in symmetrical K(+) solutions to assess the presence and behaviour of single I(Kr) channels in adult mouse cardiomyocytes (mI(Kr)). Of 314 patches, 158 (50.1%) demonstrated mI(Kr) currents as compared with 131 (42.3%) for the I(K1) channel. Single mI(Kr) channel activity was rarely observed at potentials positive to -10 mV. The slope conductance at negative potentials was 12 pS. Upon repolarization, ensemble-averaged mI(Kr) showed slow deactivation with a biexponential time course. A selective I(Kr) blocker, E-4031 (1 microm), completely blocked mI(Kr) channel activity. Extracellular Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) at physiological concentrations shifted the activation by approximately 30 mV, accelerated deactivation kinetics, prolonged long-closed time, and reduced open probability without affecting single-channel conductance, suggesting a direct channel-blocking effect in addition to well-recognized voltage shifts. HERG subunits expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells produced channels with properties similar to those of mI(Kr), except for the more-negative activation of the HERG channels. Despite the abundant expression of mI(Kr), single-channel events were rarely observed during action-potential clamp and 5 microm E-4031 had no detectable effect on the action potential parameters, confirming that mI(Kr) plays at best a minor role in repolarization of adult mouse cardiomyocytes, probably because the modulatory effects of divalent cations prevent significant mI(Kr) opening under physiological conditions.
The effect of sheep-rumen contents on unsaturated fatty acids (1957)

I957pure ethyl dehydrocholate, m.p. 221-223°, and an impure but different ester, m.p. 157-166°.The infra- red spectra of these two substances in the range 1200-900 cm.-' showed an overall similarity but also definite differences.
The potential role of amyloid   in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (2005)

Drusen are extracellular deposits that lie beneath the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and are the earliest signs of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Recent proteome analysis demonstrated that amyloid beta (Abeta) deposition was specific to drusen from eyes with AMD. To work toward a molecular understanding of the development of AMD from drusen, we investigated the effect of Abeta on cultured human RPE cells as well as ocular findings in neprilysin gene-disrupted mice, which leads to an increased deposition Abeta. The results showed that Abeta treatment induced a marked increase in VEGF as well as a marked decrease in pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). Conditioned media from Abeta-exposed RPE cells caused a dramatic increase in tubular formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Light microscopy of senescent neprilysin gene-disrupted mice showed an increased number of degenerated RPE cells with vacuoles. Electron microscopy revealed basal laminar and linear deposits beneath the RPE layer, but we did not observe choroidal neovascularization (CNV). The present study demonstrates that Abeta accumulation affects the balance between VEGF and PEDF in the RPE, and an accumulation of Abeta reproduces features characteristic of human AMD, such as RPE atrophy and basal deposit formation. Some other factors, such as breakdown of integrity of Bruch membrane, might be necessary to induce CNV of AMD.
Surface and bulk passivation of GaAs solar cell on Si substrate by H2+PH3 plasma (2000)

A promising passivation method for GaAs solar cell grown on Si substrate (GaAs/Si solar cell) by phosphine-added hydrogen (PH3/H2) plasma exposure has been envisaged. The defect-hydrogenation and the surface-phosphidization effects of GaAs/Si solar cell are realized simultaneously by this single passivation process. Consequently, surface recombination states are reduced and the minority carrier lifetime is increased, resulting in a significant reduction in saturation current density (J0) of the GaAs/Si p–n junction. High open-circuit voltage (0.93 V) and fill factor (80.9%) are obtained for the PH3 plasma exposed GaAs/Si solar cells. As a result, the conversion efficiency is increased from 15.9% to 18.6%. This approach provides a simple and effective method to improve the photovoltaic properties of GaAs/Si solar cell.
Multidentate ligands containing 2,2'-bipyridine and/or pyridine moieties: structural aspects of their octahedral and pentagonal-bipyramidal complexes (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultidentate ligands containing 2,2'-bipyridine and/or pyridine moieties: structural aspects of their octahedral and pentagonal-bipyramidal complexesGeorge R. Newkome, Vinod K. Gupta, Frank R. Fronczek, and Sebastiano PappalardoCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1984, 23, 16, 2400–2408Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00184a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00184a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views534Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
<sup>123</sup> I- <i>m</i> IBG Scintigraphy to Predict Inducibility of Ventricular Arrhythmias on Cardiac Electrophysiology Testing (2008)

The standard indices of (123)I-mIBG imaging (H/M and innervation-perfusion mismatch score) are not predictive of EP test results. The association of (123)I-mIBG SPECT defect severity with EP test inducibility in this exploratory study will require confirmation in a larger cohort of patients.
Research Problems in the Psychology of Rural Life (1925)

Research Problems in the Psychology of Rural Life Get access L. L. Bernard L. L. Bernard Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 3, Issue 3, March 1925, Pages 446–453, https://doi.org/10.2307/3004984 Published: 01 March 1925