gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal suffix tree construction with large alphabets (2002)

The suffix tree of a string is the fundamental data structure of combinatorial pattern matching. Weiner (1973), who introduced the data structure, gave an O(n)-time algorithm for building the suffix tree of an n-character string drawn from a constant size alphabet. In the comparison model, there is a trivial /spl Omega/(n log n)-time lower bound based on sorting, and Weiner's algorithm matches this bound trivially. For integer alphabets, a substantial gap remains between the known upper and lower bounds, and closing this gap is the main open question in the construction of suffix trees. There is no super-linear lower bound, and the fastest known algorithm was the O(n log n) time comparison based algorithm. We settle this open problem by closing the gap: we build suffix trees in linear time for integer alphabet.
Transgene Expression up to 7 Years in Nonhuman Primates Following Hepatic Transduction with Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vectors (2013)

Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors (HDAd) have been shown to mediate a considerably longer duration of transgene expression than first-generation adenoviral vectors. We have previously shown that transgene expression from HDAd-transduced hepatocytes can persist at high levels for up to 2.6 years in nonhuman primates following a single-vector administration. Because duration of transgene expression and long-term toxicity are critical for risk:benefit assessment, we have continued to monitor these animals. We report here that transgene expression has persisted for the entire observation period of up to 7 years for all animals without long-term adverse effects. However, in all cases, transgene expression level slowly declined over time to less than 10% of peak values by the end of the observation period but remained 2.3-111-fold above baseline values. These results will provide important information for a more informed risk:benefit assessment before clinical application of HDAd.
A novel acid protease from haploid amoebae of Physarum polycephalum, and its changes during mating and subsequent differentiation into diploid plasmodia. (1984)

Haploid myxamoebae of the true slime mold, Physarum poly-cephalum contained an acid protease that had a highly acidic pH optimum of 1.4. This enzyme was not considered to have-SH groups, DAN-Cu2+ reactive-carboxyl groups, or an aspartic acid moiety in its active center. Its activity appeared to decrease with time during mating and the subsequent differ-entiation into the diploid, multinuclear plasmodia.
Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding rat nucleoside diphosphate kinase. (1990)

A cDNA clone for cytosolic nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase was isolated from a cDNA library of rat skeletal muscle using synthetic oligonucleotides as probes. The clone constitutes a 621-base pair cDNA sequence including the 456-base pair coding region and 137-base pair 3'-untranslated one with polyadenylation site. The complete primary structure of NDP kinase was deduced from the coding sequence. An NH2-terminal amino acid sequence analysis suggested that the translated enzyme protein suffered proteolytic cleavage followed by modification at the alpha-NH2 group of the newly produced NH2-terminal amino acid residue. Taking this into account, it was tentatively concluded that the mature NDP kinase consists of 147 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 16,724. Northern blot hybridization analysis showed that NDP kinase mRNA could be detected in total RNA fractions of brain, spleen, heart, lung, liver, kidney, testis as well as skeletal muscle, and that there was no difference in the size of mRNAs from these tissues. Tissue distribution of the mRNA nearly paralleled those of protein moiety and activity of the enzyme.
Monodisperse face-centred tetragonal FePt nanoparticles with giant coercivity (2005)

Monodisperse face-centred tetragonal (fct) FePt nanoparticles with high magnetic anisotropy and, therefore, high coercivity have been prepared via a new heat treatment route. The as-synthesized face-centred cubic FePt nanoparticles were mixed with salt powders and annealed at 700uC. The salts were then removed from the particles by washing the samples in water. Monodisperse fct FePt particles were recovered with the particle size and shape being retained. Coercivity of the isolated particles up to 30 kOe at room temperature has been obtained. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
Anchoring Hydrous RuO<sub>2</sub> on Graphene Sheets for High‐Performance Electrochemical Capacitors (2010)

Abstract Hydrous ruthenium oxide (RuO 2 )/graphene sheet composites (ROGSCs) with different loadings of Ru are prepared by combining sol–gel and low‐temperature annealing processes. The graphene sheets (GSs) are well‐separated by fine RuO 2 particles (5–20 nm) and, simultaneously, the RuO 2 particles are anchored by the richly oxygen‐containing functional groups of reduced, chemically exfoliated GSs onto their surface. Benefits from the combined advantages of GSs and RuO 2 in such a unique structure are that the ROGSC‐based supercapacitors exhibit high specific capacitance (∼570 F g −1 for 38.3 wt% Ru loading), enhanced rate capability, excellent electrochemical stability (∼97.9% retention after 1000 cycles), and high energy density (20.1 Wh kg −1 ) at low operation rate (100 mA g −1 ) or high power density (10000 W kg −1 ) at a reasonable energy density (4.3 Wh kg −1 ). Interestingly, the total specific capacitance of ROGSCs is higher than the sum of specific capacitances of pure GSs and pure RuO 2 in their relative ratios, which is indicative of a positive synergistic effect of GSs and RuO 2 on the improvement of electrochemical performance. These findings demonstrate the importance and great potential of graphene‐based composites in the development of high‐performance energy‐storage systems.
Multibit Operation of $\hbox{TiO}_{x}$ -Based ReRAM by Schottky Barrier Height Engineering (2011)

We demonstrated multibit operation using a 250-nm Ir/TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> / TiN resistive random access memory by Schottky barrier height engineering. A Schottky barrier was formed by the interface between a high-work-function Ir top electrode and n-type TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> . The conducting path, which was composed of oxygen vacancies, was generated in a low-resistance state, whereas a Schottky barrier was reproduced in a high-resistance state (HRS) due to the high concentration of oxygen by the electric field. By changing the reset operation voltage, we successfully engineered the Schottky barrier height, resulting in the modulation of the HRS current and demonstrating the feasibility of multibit applications.
Light-scattering heterodyne interferometer for vibration measurements in auditory organs (1976)

An interferometric optical heterodyne technique has been developed especially for vibrational amplitude and phase measurements on auditory organs of live animals. Laser light diffusely scattered from the vibrating structure is used for the measurement. Continuous calibration and feedback compensation systems were developed to cope with the problems of drift in interferometer alignment and small background movements. Vibrational amplitudes from below 0.1 Å to above 400 Å have been detected on the posterior tympanic membranes of live crickets. Subject Classification: [43]65.20; [43]40.60; [43]35.65.
Synthetic approaches to the alkaloids of the ancistrocladacea: dehydroancistrocladisine (1989)

Dehydroancistrocladisine, a derivative of ancistrocladisine which is a member of the unusual naphthyl-isoquinoline group of alkaloids, has been synthesized by a route which can be adapted to provide asymmetric syntheses of these alkaloids.
Competitions among OTT TV Platforms and Traditional Television in Taiwan: A Niche Analysis (2017)

This study examines if OTT TV is a complement or a substitute for traditional TV. By categorizing satisfaction into seven dimensions, this study adopts niche theory to look at the aspects of gratification toward OTT TV’s complementarity of or replacement of cable TV. Following an online survey conducted during March 2016, 620 qualified responses were collected. The results show that the giant western OTT platforms overshadow the local OTT players. In terms of niche breadth, our findings present that OTT TV scores higher than traditional TV for all seven dimensions, with the greatest difference manifested on the dimension of convenience. For the niche overlap, our findings show that OTT and traditional TV share a high level of similarity on amusement and ease of use. Overall, OTT TV’s competitive superiority surpasses that of traditional TV in all dimensions. Implications for research and practices are discussed herein.
The Cathodic Reduction Processes of SiO<sub>2</sub> Impurity in Magnesium Electrolysis (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Robust vision-based autonomous navigation against environment changes (2008)

Recently, many vision-based navigation methods have been introduced as an intelligent robot application. However, many of these methods mainly focus on finding an image in the database corresponding to a query image. Thus, if the environment changes, for example, objects moving in the environment, a robot is unlikely to find consistent corresponding points with one of the database images. To handle these problems, we propose a novel motion-based navigation method in contrast with appearance-based approaches. This algorithm is based on motion estimation by a camera to plan the next movement of a robot and robust feature matching to recognize home and destination locations. Experimental results demonstrate the capability of the vision-based autonomous navigation against environment changes.
Cyclic Lipodepsipeptides: A New Class of Antibacterial Agents in the Battle Against Resistant Bacteria (2013)

In order to provide effective treatment options for infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, innovative antibiotics are necessary, preferably with novel modes of action and/or belonging to novel classes of drugs. Naturally occurring cyclic lipodepsipeptides, which contain one or more ester bonds along with the amide bonds, have emerged as promising candidates for the development of new antibiotics. Some of these natural products are either already marketed or in advanced stages of clinical development. However, despite the progress in the development of new antibacterial agents, it is inevitable that resistant strains of bacteria will emerge in response to the widespread use of a particular antibiotic and limit its lifetime. Therefore, development of new antibiotics remains our most efficient way to counteract bacterial resistance.
A novel fault location algorithm uttlized in marine system with CWT (2011)

This paper introduces a method for fault location in a marine power system which uses the voltage and current transient information at a power supply point and the remote point beyond the fault location to estimate the fault position. The proposed algorithm was demonstrated by computer simulation in Matlab with a 6-zone marine power system which has short distribution cables and requires fast and accurate fault location. The simulation results show good accuracy when the proposed algorithm was utilized in both for a single zone and for two adjacent zones regardless the variation of fault impedances.
Whom to Follow on social trading services? A system to support discovering expert traders (2015)

Social trading services, the financial services connected with social networking services are in the spotlight. With social trading services, users can follow and automatically imitate expert traders' trades. Finding expert traders who have good, consistent performance to follow is one of the key challenges. To address this issue, we propose a system we call W2F (Whom to Follow) to help users discover expert traders. By analyzing a trader's trading history and comparing it with that of other traders, W2F estimates traders with three measures: performance, risk, and consistency. The results are visualized to help users make decisions on whom to follow. We describe experiments we carried out to validate these three measures and demonstrate the usefulness of W2F on the basis of a user study.
Inhibition of HIV-1 gene expression by Ciclopirox and Deferiprone, drugs that prevent hypusination of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (2009)

At clinically relevant concentrations, two widely used drugs blocked HIV-1 replication ex vivo. They specifically inhibited expression from the HIV-1 promoter at the level of transcription initiation. Both drugs interfered with the hydroxylation step in the hypusine modification of eIF5A. These results have profound implications for the potential therapeutic use of these drugs as antiretrovirals and for the development of optimized analogs.
Performance of the GLONASS P‐code at L1 and L2 frequencies (1994)

Abstract The transmission of satellite signals at two widely spaced frequencies allows correction of the ionospheric delay. Both GPS and GLONASS transmit such signals, and to date there have been no published dual frequency GLONASS studies. This paper shows the fundamental accuracy of the Leeds University multichannel GPS/GLONASS receiver. Details are then given of the processing methods that have been used to obtain the ionospheric group delay using GLONASS L1 and L2 P‐code measurements. Examples of the measured delay are provided and compared with the GPS model. Navigation results are shown using the P‐code phase at L1 only and with a combination of the L1 and L2 measurements. An analysis of the accuracy of the P‐code pseudorange and navigation capability is presented.
Automatic indexing and content-based retrieval of captioned images (1995)

The interaction of textual and photographic information in an integrated text/image database environment is being explored. Specifically, our research group has developed an automatic indexing system for captioned pictures of people; the indexing information and other textual information is subsequently used in a content-based image retrieval system. Our approach presents an alternative to traditional face identification systems; it goes beyond a superficial combination of existing text-based and image-based approaches to information retrieval. By understanding the caption accompanying a picture, we can extract information that is useful both for retrieving the picture and for identifying the faces shown. In designing a pictorial database system, two major issues are (1) the amount and type of processing required when inserting new pictures into the database and (2) efficient retrieval schemes for query processing. Our research has focused on developing a computational model for understanding pictures based on accompanying descriptive text. Understanding a picture can be informally defined as the process of identifying relevant people and objects. Several current vision systems employ the idea of top-down control in picture understanding. We carry the notion of top-down control one step further, exploiting not only general context but also picture-specific context.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The use of early chick embryos in experimental embryology and teratology: Improvements in standard procedures (1983)

The chick embryo is a convenient experimental system for embryologic and teratologic studies. However, windowing eggs during the first day of incubation, a procedure that is required to expose embryos in ovo, frequently results in dysmorphogenesis. The frequency and severity of the particular anomalies caused by windowing are greater the younger the embryo at the time this procedure is done. At all stages examined, dysraphic defects of the neural tube are the most common anomaly present following windowing. Defects of the neural tube are virtually eliminated if the air space introduced over the embryo by windowing is filled with albumen or saline, and the egg (with its window sealed with tape) rotated 180 degrees, so that the embryo rests subjacent to an undisturbed area of the shell. Subblastodermic injection of saline, a vehicle often used for teratogenic agents, has no adverse effects when eggs are subsequently filled with albumen or saline and rotated. Furthermore, known teratogens (e.g., colchicine, hyaluronidase) injected subblastodermically after windowing are active in eggs that are then filled with albumen or saline and rotated. Finally, the addition of albumen or saline, followed by rotation, may be delayed up to 3 hours without reducing the restorative effects of these two procedures. Our modified procedures for the handling of windowed eggs significantly increase the value of young chick embryos for studies of early developmental events.
Multiple domains of ADAMTS13 are targeted by autoantibodies against ADAMTS13 in patients with acquired idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (2010)

This multicenter study further demonstrated that the multiple domains of ADAMTS13, particularly the Cys-rich and spacer domains, are frequently targeted by anti-ADAMTS13 type G immunoglobulins in patients with acquired (idiopathic) thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Our data shed more light on the pathogenesis of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and provide further rationales for adjunctive immunotherapy.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Residual Ozone in Water With ACVK (1977)

Acid chrome violet K (ACVK) has been used successfully to determine residual ozone in water.
Structuring Sedimentation in a Shear-Thinning Fluid (2005)

We study the sedimentation of suspensions of monodisperse non-Brownian particles in a shear-thinning polymeric fluid. We observe the formation of particle-rich structures and show that they are associated with a well-defined flow pattern. The results suggest that the observed structuring is a consequence of particle aggregation that amplifies concentration heterogeneities, the flow pattern being further driven by a gravitational instability.
First-order correction of aberrations in Cassegrainian and Gregorian antennas (1983)

Cassegrainian and Gregorian reflector arrangements are needed for multibeam ground station and satellite antennas. In these antennas one or more feeds are displaced from the focus. This displacement normally causes aberrations, due primarily to astigmatism and coma. In a previous article, astigmatism was eliminated for small feed displacements by centering the antenna aperture with respect to the equivalent paraboloid axis. In this article coma is also removed by deforming the reflectors without causing spherical aberration, and simple expressions for the deformation coefficients are derived. The analysis applies in general to an arrangement of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> reflectors. The deformations required to correct astigmatism, if the antenna aperture is not centered is also derived.
Photografted Poly(ethylene glycol) Matrix for Affinity Interaction Studies (2006)

A poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based matrix for studies of affinity interactions is developed and demonstrated. The PEG matrix, less than 0.1 microm thick, is graft copolymerized onto a cycloolefin polymer from a mixture of PEG methacrylates using a free radical reaction initiated by UV light at 254 nm. The grafting process is monitored in real time, and characteristics such as thickness, homogeneity, relative composition, photostability, and performance in terms of protein resistance in complex biofluids and sensor qualities are investigated with null ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance. The matrix is subsequently modified to contain carboxyl groups, thereby making it possible to immobilize ligands in a controlled and functional manner. Human serum albumin and fibrinogen are immobilized and successfully detected by antibody recognition using surface plasmon resonance. The results are encouraging and suggest that the PEG matrix is suitable for biochip and biosensor applications in demanding biofluids.
SOME ASPECTS OF ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION (1947)

Active immunization against diphtheria, scarlet fever, tetanus, pertussis, typhoid fever, smallpox and rabies was admirably dis­ cussed in 1946 in Edsall's (1) review covering 444 papers. Other aspects of active immunization are dealt with elsewhere in this publication. This chapter is therefore devoted to the function of cells in antibody formation, to immunization with the aid of ad­ juvants and to the inhibition of sensitization by feeding the an­ tigen.
Selection and expansion of natural killer cells for NK cell-based immunotherapy (2016)

Natural killer (NK) cells have been used in several clinical trials as adaptive immunotherapy. The low numbers of these cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have resulted in various approaches to preferentially expand primary NK cells from PBMC. While some clinical trials have used the addition of interleukin 2 (IL-2) to co-stimulate the expansion of purified NK cells from allogeneic donors, recent studies have shown promising results in achieving in vitro expansion of NK cells to large numbers for adoptive immunotherapy. NK cell expansion requires multiple cell signals for survival, proliferation and activation. Thus, expansion strategies have been focused either to substitute these factors using autologous feeder cells or to use genetically modified allogeneic feeder cells. Recent developments in the clinical use of genetically modified NK cell lines with chimeric antigen receptors, the development of expansion protocols for the clinical use of NK cell from human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are challenging improvements for NK cell-based immunotherapy. Transfer of several of these protocols to clinical-grade production of NK cells necessitates adaptation of good manufacturing practice conditions, and the development of freezing conditions to establish NK cell stocks will require some effort and, however, should enhance the therapeutic options of NK cells in clinical medicine.
Exogenous Ethylene Inhibits Nodulation of <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. cv Sparkle (1992)

Exogenous ethylene inhibited nodulation on the primary and lateral roots of pea, Pisum sativum L. cv Sparkle. Ethylene was more inhibitory to nodule formation than to root growth; nodule number was reduced by half with only 0.07 muL/L ethylene applied continually to the roots for 3 weeks. The inhibition was overcome by treating roots with 1 mum Ag(+), an inhibitor of ethylene action. Exogenous ethylene also inhibited nodulation on sweet clover (Melilotus alba) and on pea mutants that are hypernodulating or have ineffective nodules. Exogenous ethylene did not decrease the number of infections per centimeter of lateral pea root, but nearly all of the infections were blocked when the infection thread was in the basal epidermal cell or in the outer cortical cells.