gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Size Distribution of Bovine Casein Micelles: A Review (1985)

This review considers the average size and size distribution of bovine casein micelles as measured by electron microscopy, light scattering and controlled pore glass chromatography, and the origin and biological function of the size distribution. Recent work by electron microscopy has given average sizes in reasonable agreement with measurements on the same milk sample by light scattering . It is suggested that natural variations in averaqe micelle size and overestimation of micelle radii by light scattering methods as well as deficiencies in electron microscopical methodology were responsible for past discrepancies. Electron microscopy and controlled pore glass chromatography provide evidence that in some milks the differential weight or volume distribution curve is bimodal with a main peak at 90-180nm and a lesser peak at >200nm diameter. The largest micelles in the size distribution are too large to have been formed fully within the Golgi vesicles of the mammary secretory cell, so a second stage of aggregation may occur in the alveolar lumen. Using a model of the casein micelle in which the particles have a hairy outer layer, it is shown how the size distribution can influence the structure of a milk gel.
Electromagnetic induction imaging with a radio-frequency atomic magnetometer (2016)

We report on a compact, tunable, and scalable to large arrays imaging device, based on a radio-frequency optically pumped atomic magnetometer operating in magnetic induction tomography modality. Imaging of conductive objects is performed at room temperature, in an unshielded environment and without background subtraction. Conductivity maps of target objects exhibit not only excellent performance in terms of shape reconstruction but also demonstrate detection of sub-millimetric cracks and penetration of conductive barriers. The results presented here demonstrate the potential of a future generation of imaging instruments, which combine magnetic induction tomography and the unmatched performance of atomic magnetometers.
iBrick: A New Standard for Iterative Assembly of Biological Parts with Homing Endonucleases (2014)

The BioBricks standard has made the construction of DNA modules easier, quicker and cheaper. So far, over 100 BioBricks assembly schemes have been developed and many of them, including the original standard of BBF RFC 10, are now widely used. However, because the restriction endonucleases employed by these standards usually recognize short DNA sequences that are widely spread among natural DNA sequences, and these recognition sites must be removed before the parts construction, there is much inconvenience in dealing with large-size DNA parts (e.g., more than couple kilobases in length) with the present standards. Here, we introduce a new standard, namely iBrick, which uses two homing endonucleases of I-SceI and PI-PspI. Because both enzymes recognize long DNA sequences (>18 bps), their sites are extremely rare in natural DNA sources, thus providing additional convenience, especially in handling large pieces of DNA fragments. Using the iBrick standard, the carotenoid biosynthetic cluster (>4 kb) was successfully assembled and the actinorhodin biosynthetic cluster (>20 kb) was easily cloned and heterologously expressed. In addition, a corresponding nomenclature system has been established for the iBrick standard.
Highly phosphorescent organic mixed films: The effect of aggregation on triplet-triplet annihilation (2009)

The efficiency roll-off at high brightness levels is a key factor limiting the application of organic light emitting diodes. We investigate triplet-triplet annihilation in an archetype phosphorescent host-guest system. We show that the currently used host-guest systems are not at the physical limit set by intrinsic annihilation, but have an increased roll-off due to aggregate formation. The existence of these aggregates is directly proven by transmission electron microscopy.
Reversal of reduced parvalbumin neurons in hippocampus and amygdala of Angelman syndrome model mice by chronic treatment of fluoxetine (2014)

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by autism, intellectual disability and motor disturbances. The disease is primarily caused by the loss of function of maternally inherited UBE3A. Ube3a maternal-deficient mice recapitulates many essential feature of AS. These AS mice have been shown to be under chronic stress and exhibits anxiety-like behaviour because of defective glucocorticoid receptor signalling. Here, we demonstrate that chronic stress in these mice could lead to down-regulation of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the hippocampus and basolateral amygdala from early post-natal days. Down-regulation of parvalbumin-positive interneurons number could be because of decrease in the expression of parvalbumin in these neurons. We also find that treatment with fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, results in restoration of impaired glucocorticoid signalling, elevated serum corticosterone level, parvalbumin-positive interneurons and anxiety-like behaviours. Our findings suggest that impaired glucocorticod signalling in hippocampus and amygdala of AS mice is critical for the decrease in parvalbumin interneurons number, emergence of anxiety and other behavioural deficits and highlights the importance of fluoxetine in the recovery of these abnormalities.
High Resolution K Capture X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy:  A New Tool for Chemical Characterization (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTHigh Resolution K Capture X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy: A New Tool for Chemical CharacterizationU. Bergmann, P. Glatzel, F. deGroot, and S. P. CramerView Author Information Physical Biosciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, California 94720 Department of Applied Science University of California Davis, California 95616 Department of Chemistry Universiteit Utrecht 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 20, 4926–4927Publication Date (Web):May 6, 1999Publication History Received29 December 1998Published online6 May 1999Published inissue 1 May 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja984454whttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja984454wrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views359Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Electron capture,Energy,Metals,Transition metals,X-rays Get e-Alerts
CERAMIC COATING DIESEL ENGINE COMBUSTION COMPONENTS (1989)

The Connecticut-based company, FCS, Inc., has been active in ceramic coating diesel engine components for a number of years. The company's plasma sprayed ceramic coatings are called coatings in that the total thickness is made up of a very thin metallic base coat, followed by a ceramic top coat. These coatings are approved for diesel engine use by the American Bureau of Shipping. Several detailed test-engine demonstrations that studied the effects of ceramic coatings on fuel consumption and engine performance are described.
Characterization of tumor vascular permeability using natural dextrans and CEST MRI (2017)

As a first application, we used 10- and 70-kD dextrans to visualize the spatially variable, size-dependent permeability in the tumor, indicating that nano-sized dextrans can be used for characterizing tumor vascular permeability with dexCEST MRI and, potentially, for developing dextran-based theranostic drug delivery systems. Magn Reson Med 79:1001-1009, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
New insights into signalling-pathway alterations in rhabdomyosarcoma (2014)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children and young adults. Several recent studies have shed new light on the alterations in signalling pathways and the downstream effects of these pathway alterations in RMS. Many of these effects converge on the fibroblast growth factor and insulin-like growth-factor pathways. These new findings improve the current understanding of RMS, thus offering novel potential therapeutic targets and strategies that may improve the outcome for patients with RMS.
Production ofGlomus intraradices propagules, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, in an airlift bioreactor (1999)

This work addresses the symbiotic culture of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices with Daucus carota hairy roots transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes, in two submerged culture systems: Petri dish and airlift bioreactor. AM fungi play an active role in plant nutrition and protection against plant pathogens. These fungi are obligate biotrophs as they depend on a host plant for their needs in carbohydrates. The effect of the mycorrhizal roots inoculum-to-medium volume ratio on the growth of both symbionts was studied. A critical inoculating condition was observed at approximately 0.6 g dry biomass (DW). L-1 medium, above which root growth was significantly reduced when using a low-salt minimal (M) liquid medium previously developed for hairy root-AM fungi co-culture. Below critical inoculum conditions the maximum specific root growth and specific G. intraradices spore production rates of 0.021 and 0.035 d-1, respectively, were observed for Petri dish cultures. Maximum spore production in the airlift bioreactor was ten times lower than that of Petri dish cultures and obtained with the lowest inoculum assessed (0.13 g DW. L-1 medium) with 1.82 x 10(5) +/- 4.05 x 10(4) (SEM) spores (g DW inoculum)-1 (L medium)-1 in 107 d. This work proposes a second-generation bioprocess for AM fungi propagule production in bioreactors. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Structural Change in Plasma-Sprayed Alumina Coatings by Laser Melting (Part 2) (1993)

Structural change in plasma-sprayed alumina coatings by laser melting was investigated particularly for pulsed mode treatment. Effects of various processing parameters on the structural change were discussed for one-pass treatment. A three-layer structure consisting of melted, heat-affected and as-sprayed zones was observed in the cross sections of the laser-treated coatings. The depths of both the melted and heat-affected zones depended significantly on the pulse parameters. The treatment increased the Vickers microhardness by 1.6-2.0 times, although defects such as cracks, humps and voids developed in the melted zone. The highest hardness was observed for the thin melted layer with narrow cracks and small humps that was obtained under the conditions of low frequency and small pulse width. These conditions lead to a large temperature gradient and rapid cooling in the layer, because the sample is heated by a high power density beam in a very short time and cooled appreciably during the subsequent interval between pulses.
Snake Charmer (2016)

Augmented and virtual reality have the potential of being indistinguishable from the real world. Holographic displays, including head mounted units, support this vision by creating rich stereoscopic scenes, with objects that appear to float in thin air - often within arm's reach. However, one has but to reach out and grasp nothing but air to destroy the suspension of disbelief. Snake-charmer is an attempt to provide physical form to virtual objects by revisiting the concept of Robotic Graphics or Encountered-type Haptic interfaces with current commodity hardware. By means of a robotic arm, Snake-charmer brings physicality to a virtual scene and explores what it means to truly interact with an object. We go beyond texture and position simulation and explore what it means to have a physical presence inside a virtual scene. We demonstrate how to render surface characteristics beyond texture and position, including temperature; how to physically move objects; and how objects can physically interact with the user's hand. We analyze our implementation, present the performance characteristics, and provide guidance for the construction of future physical renderers.
Design of Hand-Held Remotes for Older Persons with Impairments (1994)

The University at Buffalo Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Aging (RERC) developed two prototype television remote control devices (remotes), designed to address the needs of older persons with some visual and/or fine motor impairment. The prototype remotes have large buttons, large numbers and characters on the buttons, and high color contrast between the buttons and background. One remote has 15 buttons, and one has 6 buttons. The purpose of this study was to test these prototype remotes against two commercially available remotes for user speed, accuracy, and satisfaction. One of the commercially available remotes has small buttons and small print but more features than the prototype remotes; this device came with the television used in the study. The second commercially available remote has somewhat larger buttons, but still smaller than the ones on the RERC prototypes. Thirty elders with impairments participated in testing the remotes in a simulated living room setting. The order in which the remote devices were presented to the subjects was randomly determined. Results indicated a significant difference among remotes in number of errors made; subjects made the fewest number of errors on the 15-button prototype remote. There was no significant difference among remotes in speed. There were significant differences in user satisfaction: users preferred the 15-button prototype device. Subjects were asked if they would rather have more features and small buttons on their remote, or fewer features and larger buttons; almost three-fourths of the sample desired fewer features and larger buttons.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel, Potent Non‐Covalent Thrombin Inhibitors Incorporating P<sub>3</sub>‐Lactam Scaffolds. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Algorithms and architectures for concurrent Viterbi decoding (2003)

The sequential nature of the Vitterbi algorithm places an inherent upper limit on the decoding throughput of the algorithm in a given integrated circuit technology and thereby restricts its applications. Three methods of generating inherently unlimited concurrency in Viterbi decoding, for both controllable and uncontrollable shift register processes and Markov processes, are described. Concurrent decoders using these methods can apply high-throughput architectures with an overhead of pipeline latches or parallel hardware. A feasible method for bypassing the hardware limit is also proposed for decoding at an arbitrarily high as well as variable throughput. The proposed methods make real-time Viterbi decoding in the gigabit-per-second range feasible for convolutional and trellis codes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Notes- The Sodium Borohydride Reduction of N-Substituted Phthalimides (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- The Sodium Borohydride Reduction of N-Substituted PhthalimidesFrederick UhleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 8, 2998–3001Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1961Publication History Published online5 March 2003Published inissue 1 August 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01066a615https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01066a615research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views378Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
C‐terminal β‐strand swapping in a consensus‐derived fibronectin Type III scaffold (2013)

The crystal structures of six different fibronectin Type III consensus-derived Tencon domains, whose solution properties exhibit no, to various degrees of, aggregation according to SEC, have been determined. The structures of the five variants showing aggregation reveal 3D domain swapped dimers. In all five cases, the swapping involves the C-terminal β-strand resulting in the formation of Tencon dimers in which the target-binding surface is blocked. All of the variants differ in sequence in the FG loop, which is the hinge loop in the β-strand-swapped dimers. The six tencon variants have between 0 and 5 residues inserted between positions 77 and 78 in the FG loop. Analysis of the structures suggests that a non-glycine residue at position 77 and insertions of <4 residues may destabilize the β-turn in the FG loop promoting β-strand swapping. Swapped dimers with an odd number of inserted residues may be less stable, particularly if they contain proline residues, because they cannot form perfect β-bridges in the FG regions that link the swapped dimers. The Tencon β-swapped variants with the longest FG sequences are observed to form higher order hexameric or helical oligomeric structures in the crystal correlating well with the aggregation properties of these domains observed in solution. Understanding the structural basis for domain-swapped dimerization and oligomerization will support engineering efforts of the Tencon domain to produce variants with desired biophysical properties.
GUI screen-sharing smart remote control for smart TV user interface (2013)

The old-fashioned TV, which has captivated the eye of billions of people around the world with just a few functions for a long time, is now being replaced by IP-connected Smart TV which has armed with powerful software platform and high performance hardware resources and allows users to install and run a variety of applications. In such a situation, it would be necessary to be given more effective way for users to interact with the Smart TV which has much more complex UI. In this paper, we present screen-sharing smart remote control system for Smart TV user interface, which supports touch-based interaction such as pointing, drawing, drag&drop and etc.
Platelet Apoptosis and Apoptotic Platelet Clearance by Macrophages in Secondary Dengue Virus Infections (2012)

UMIN000004835.
Online model reconstruction for interactive virtual environments (2001)

Article Share on Online model reconstruction for interactive virtual environments Author: Benjamin Lok Univ. of North Carolina Univ. of North CarolinaView Profile Authors Info & Claims I3D '01: Proceedings of the 2001 symposium on Interactive 3D graphicsMarch 2001 Pages 69–72https://doi.org/10.1145/364338.364364Online:01 March 2001Publication History 38citation857DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations38Total Downloads857Last 12 Months15Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Rapid and Highly Efficient Preconcentration of Eu(III) by Core–Shell Structured Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Humic Acid Magnetic Nanoparticles (2012)

In this study, humic acid-coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@HA MNPs) were synthesized using a chemical coprecipitation method and characterized in detail. The XRD analysis results showed that HA coating did not change the phase of Fe3O4 cores. The TEM image suggested that Fe3O4@HA MNPs had nearly uniform size without the observation of aggregation. The Fe3O4@HA MNPs were stable in solution and could be easily separated from aqueous solution using a magnetic separation method. A batch technique was adopted to investigate the removal efficiency of Fe3O4@HA MNPs toward Eu(III) under various environmental conditions. The kinetic process of Eu(III) sorption on Fe3O4@HA MNPs reached equilibrium within <30 min. The fast sorption kinetics and high sorption amount were attributed to the plentiful surface sites provided by the surface-coated HA macromolecules. The Fe3O4@HA MNPs was able to remove ∼99% of Eu(III) in aqueous solution at pH 8.5. Except for SO42– anions, the coexisting electrolyte ions had no significant competition effects on the removal of Eu(III) by Fe3O4@HA MNPs. The obvious sorption–desorption hysteresis suggested that the removal of Eu(III) was dominated by inner-sphere surface complexation. The sorption isotherm agreed well with the Langmuir model, having a maximum sorption capacity of 6.95 × 10–5 mol g–1. The leaching test showed that the Eu(III)-loaded Fe3O4@HA colloids were capable to maintain high thermodynamic stability for long aging times. The findings herein suggested that Fe3O4@HA MNPs could be potentially used as a highly effective material for the enrichment and preconcentration of radionuclide Eu(III) or other trivalent lanthanides/actinides in geological repositories or in nuclear waste management.
Introduction (1995)

The war with Britain which was declared by the French National Convention in February 1793 went on until Wellington's victory in 1815 at the Battle of Waterloo. This war involved several other countries in Europe and continued in several different ‘theatres’ such as the West Indies, Russia, and the Mediterranean. Much of the country's fortunes were recovered as Britain triumphed over France after it had lost several of its American colonies during 1783. Although British rule was able to encompass about 26 per cent of the world population during the war, the cultural and social implications of this large a global conflict were neglected. Linda Colley pointed out how little we know about the response of British people to the war since we are accustomed to how the war involved only generals, parliamentarians, and bureaucrats. As such, this book attempts to look into the subject of war in the context of social history and literary studies.