gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel synthesis of (.+-.)-4-demethoxydaunomycinone (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel synthesis of (.+-.)-4-demethoxydaunomycinoneFrancis A. J. Kerdesky and Michael P. CavaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 11, 3635–3636Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00479a076https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00479a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views174Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clinical and pharmacodynamic analysis of pomalidomide dosing strategies in myeloma: impact of immune activation and cereblon targets (2015)

In preclinical studies, pomalidomide mediated both direct antitumor effects and immune activation by binding cereblon. However, the impact of drug-induced immune activation and cereblon/ikaros in antitumor effects of pomalidomide in vivo is unknown. Here we evaluated the clinical and pharmacodynamic effects of continuous or intermittent dosing strategies of pomalidomide/dexamethasone in lenalidomide-refractory myeloma in a randomized trial. Intermittent dosing led to greater tumor reduction at the cost of more frequent adverse events. Both cohorts experienced similar event-free and overall survival. Both regimens led to a distinct pattern but similar degree of mid-cycle immune activation, manifested as increased expression of cytokines and lytic genes in T and natural killer (NK) cells. Pomalidomide induced poly-functional T-cell activation, with increased proportion of coinhibitory receptor BTLA(+) T cells and Tim-3(+) NK cells. Baseline levels of ikaros and aiolos protein in tumor cells did not correlate with response or survival. Pomalidomide led to rapid decline in Ikaros in T and NK cells in vivo, and therapy-induced activation of CD8(+) T cells correlated with clinical response. These data demonstrate that pomalidomide leads to strong and rapid immunomodulatory effects involving both innate and adaptive immunity, even in heavily pretreated multiple myeloma, which correlates with clinical antitumor effects. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01319422.
Selective inhibition of T cell responses by protein and peptide-based immunotherapy. (1993)

Recent progress in understanding antigen presentation to T cells has permitted researchers to identify a number of suitable attack points for selective immunointervention aimed at inhibiting inappropriate T cell activation: major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, T cell receptor (TCR), CD4/CD8, and other accessory molecules. This has fostered the development of a new generation of immunosuppressive agents potentially useful in the prevention and/or treatment of autoimmune diseases, and induction of selective immunosuppression is currently being attempted using monoclonal antibodies or synthetic peptides. The selective immunosuppression by proteins and peptides may be sub-divided into three major categories: i) passive treatments aimed at inhibiting T cell activation by blocking the MHC binding site to any antigenic peptide, including autoantigens; ii) treatments aimed at incapacitating the autoreactive T cells, either by administration of the candidate autoantigen as protein or peptides in tolerogenic form, or by TCR antagonists able to induce selective T cell anergy; and iii) vaccination-like treatments aimed at inducing or enhancing regulatory T cells able to control the activity of pathogenic, autoreactive T cell. It is hoped that some of these approaches may finally lead to effective treatments able to interfere with the induction and/or progression of human autoimmune diseases.
High-level production of fully active human alpha 1-antitrypsin in Escherichia coli. (1987)

The human alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) gene expressed in Escherichia coli as a full-length, non-fusion gene product accumulates to a relatively low level approaching less than or equal to 0.1% of total cellular protein. In contrast, deletion of the first 5, 10 or 15 codons leads to production of truncated A1AT derivatives at levels between 10 and 30% of total cellular protein. The protein with the largest truncation was insoluble and inactive following solubilization by chaotropic agents. In contrast, the two derivatives with the smaller truncations were found to be soluble, and exhibit identical specific activities in both trypsin and elastase inhibition assays to authentic human A1AT. The expression of the full-length A1AT was also optimized by making silent third position mutations within its first 15 codons. These mutations were chosen to optimize codon usage and minimize the possibility of RNA secondary structure formation in this region. Via this approach, expression of full-length, authentic, fully active A1AT was increased at least 20-fold to 2% of total cellular protein. Optimal expression was obtained using as few as three silent mutations in the first five codons, confirming the importance of this 5'-terminal region as had been defined by our deletion mutants. Both the full-length derivatives as well as the small N-terminal deletion derivative can be readily purified from bacterial extracts in fully active form suitable for the examination of their potential therapeutic application.
GPON reach extension to 60 km with entirely passive fibre plant using Raman amplification (2009)

We describe a purely-passive GPON compatible reach extender using distributed Raman amplification. Operation over 60 km of AllWave fibre at 2.5 Gbit/s is demonstrated with a total loss budget of 43 dB at 1310 nm.
Formation of a Ge-rich layer during the oxidation of strained Si1−xGex (2006)

The diffusion of Ge in Ge-rich layer (GRL) and the factors affecting on it during the oxidation of strained Si1−xGex layers were examined. Strained Si1−xGex layers, having different initial Ge concentrations (x=0.15 and 0.3), were oxidized at 800 and 900°C in a dry O2 ambient for different oxidation times. The diffusion of Ge into the underlying Si1−xGex layer having an initial constant composition and the resulting transformation to GRL were both enhanced with an increase in oxidation temperature. After complete transformation to GRL, GeO2 started to become incorporated into the resulting oxide layer. The formation of GeO2 was initiated by the Ge saturation of the GRL layer with Ge and by the differences in diffusivity of Ge atoms in Si1−xGex and Si substrate. The relaxation occurred when the Ge concentration in the GRL reached a critical value and was not affected by either oxidation time or temperature.
Carbon Composite Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS) (2016)

Pyrolyzed carbon as a mechanical material is promising for applications in harsh environments. In this work, we characterized the material and developed novel processes for fabricating carbon composite micro-electromechanical systems (CMEMS) structures. A novel method of increasing Young's modulus and the conductivity of pyrolyzed AZ 4330 was demonstrated by loading the films with graphene oxide prior to pyrolysis. By incorporating 2 wt.% graphene stiffeners into the film, a 65% increase in Young's modulus and 11% increase in conductivity were achieved. By reactive ion etching pyrolyzed blanket AZ 50XT thick film photoresist, a high aspect ratio process was demonstrated with films >7.5um thick. Two novel multi-level, volume-scalable CMEMS processes were developed on 6" diameter wafers. Young's modulus of 23 GPa was extracted from nanoindentation measurements of pyrolyzed AZ 50XT films. The temperature-dependent resistance was characterized from room temperature to 500C and found to be nearly linear over this range. By fitting the results of self-heated bridges in an inert ambient, we calculated that the bridges survived to 1000C without failure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed the film to be largely amorphous, containing some sub-micrometer sized graphite crystallites. This was consistent with our Raman analysis, which also showed the film to be largely sp 2 bonded. The calculated average density of pyrolyzed AZ 4330 films was 1.32 g/cm 2 . Thin level of disorder and the conductivity of thin film resistors were found to unchanged by 2Mrad gamma irradiation from a Co 60 source. Thin film pyrolyzed carbon resistors were hermetically sealed in a nitrogen ambient in 24-pin dual in-line packages (DIP's). The resistance was measured periodically and remained constant over 6 months' time.
Crushed Clopidogrel Administered via Nasogastric Tube Has Faster and Greater Absorption than Oral Whole Tablets (2009)

A 300 mg loading dose of crushed clopidogrel administered via NG tube provides faster and greater bioavailability than an equal dose taken orally as whole tablets. The clinical benefits of this strategy need to be investigated.
Safe E-Prescribing: A Primer for Practices (2012)

Are you making the switch to paperless prescriptions? Here's guidance on preserving patient safety.
Proceedings of the Third Power Plant Dynamics, Control and Testing Symposium (1978)

This book covers current and future problems in the dynamic modeling, simulation, control and diagnostics of power generating systems (nuclear, fossil, and alternative sources). Papers deal with modeling and simulating, advanced control methods, plant control and dynamic issues for advanced reactors, human factors, applied artificial intelligence, predictive maintenance and plant monitoring, fault detection and signal validation, and European experience in control, surveillance and maintenance of power plants. Applications of neural network computing are also reported.
Status of dissolved gas in Japan (1980)

This feature describes developments in dissolved gas in Japan during the past 14 years. The natural gas is found dissolved in subsurface brines rather than in crude oil or as free gas. It is primarily methane and contains essentially no hydrogen sulfide, causing its demand for use both as a town gas or domestic fuel and as a chemical industry feedstock. The current situation with regard to production and processing is reviewed, based on field trips to 2 major producing areas, the Mobara field of the Chiba Prefecture east of Tokyo, and the Niigata field of the Niigata Prefecture of N.W. Japan. Reservoir rocks and producing gas-water are described and compared as the main features controlling development of the fields. Environmental aspects also are discussed, such as subsidence. Tables of statistical data are provided showing Japanese natural gas production and uses in 1977 by prefecture.
From classification results to topographic maps (2016)

The classification of high resolution multispectral aerial imagery enables very high thematic accuracies when machine learning methods are applied. The use of classification results as topographic maps requires cartographic enhancement and checking of the geometric accuracy. Urban areas are of special interest. The conversion of the classification result into topographic maps of high thematic and geometric quality is subject of this contribution. After reviewing the existing literature on this topic a methodology is presented. It has the goal to achieve high cartographic quality and geometric accuracy for buildings and other topographic objects. The suggested methodology for improving the classification results is described. With the ISPRS data set of the '2D labelling contest' a land cover map of six classes was produced and then enhanced by the proposed method. The classification used a machine learning method applying a variety of attributes including object heights derived from imagery. The cartographic enhancement is carried out with two different levels of quality. The user's accuracy for the classes "impervious surface" and "building" were above 85% in the 'level 1' map. The geometric accuracy of building corners in the 'level 2' map was assessed by means of reference data derived from a DSM-based orthoimage. The obtained root mean square errors were RMSE_x = 1.2 m and RMSE_y = 0.7 m. All processing could be carried out with a high level of automation.
Femtosecond dynamics of the nonlinear index near the band edge in AlGaAs waveguides (1990)

The transient behavior of the nonresonant nonlinear index is investigated in AlGaAs waveguides with femtosecond time resolution. Both the refractive index and the absorption changes are measured by time division interferometry and pump probe techniques. Different mechanisms which contribute to the nonlinear index are distinguished by examining their dynamics, including the optical Stark effect, resonantly excited carriers, and two-photon absorption processes. The relative contribution from each mechanism is a strong function of wavelength near the band edge.
Quantized characteristics in carbon nanotube-based single-hole memory with a floating nanodot gate (2011)

We have fabricated floating-gate carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs), in which Au floating dots are expected to act as charge storage nodes. The fabricated floating-gate CNTFETs clearly exhibited the memory effect, in addition to single-hole memory operation. A staircase relation between the gate threshold voltage and the charging voltage was obtained. Quantized shifts in the gate threshold voltage as a function of charging time and retention time were also observed. The quantized characteristics are attributed to the effect of single-hole charging in the Au floating dot.
Mixed Packings in High Performance Liquid Chromatography. II. Mixed Packings vs. Mixed Ligands (1988)

Abstract The use of mixed packing of different selectivities for the separation of antidepressants and anticonvulsants was studied. The results show that columns packed with mixed ligand supports (C8 and cation exchange), gave the better resolution and peak shapes than the physically mixed C,8/cation exchange and serially connected columns. Also, the retention times obtained on the mixed ligands column, the physically mixed supports column and the two columns in series were different in each case.
Dynamic modeling of a three-way catalyst for SI engine exhaust emission control (2000)

Automotive emissions are severely regulated. Since 1980, a three-way catalyst (TWC) has been used to convert harmful emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen into less harmful gases in order to meet these regulations. The TWC's efficiency of conversion of these gases is primarily dependent on the mass ratio of air to fuel (A/F) in the mixture leaving the exhaust manifold and entering the catalyst, the velocity of the exhaust mass, and the temperature of the catalyst. The goal of the paper is to develop a dynamic control-oriented model of a TWC. First, the measurement capabilities are described. Then, a simplified, dynamic catalyst model that can be determined on the basis of medium bandwidth A/F measurements and low bandwidth temperature and emission measurements is developed and validated.
Pro‐neurotrophins, sortilin, and nociception (2014)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling is important in the development and functional maintenance of nociceptors, but it also plays a central role in initiating and sustaining heat and mechanical hyperalgesia following inflammation. NGF signaling in pain has traditionally been thought of as primarily engaging the classic high-affinity receptor tyrosine kinase receptor TrkA to initiate sensitization events. However, the discovery that secreted proforms of nerve NGF have biological functions distinct from the processed mature factors raised the possibility that these proneurotrophins (proNTs) may have distinct function in painful conditions. ProNTs engage a novel receptor system that is distinct from that of mature neurotrophins, consisting of sortilin, a type I membrane protein belonging to the VPS10p family, and its co-receptor, the classic low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. Here, we review how this new receptor system may itself function with or independently of the classic TrkA system in regulating inflammatory or neuropathic pain.
On Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Metallization and their Relationship to Reliability Problems (1973)

The mechanical properties of thin film aluminum metallization have been determined by applying a biaxial tension stress to the films. The mechanical properties were found to-vary as a function of deposition conditions. No correlation was found between the mechanical properties of the metallization and thermocompression wire bonding; however, a linear relationship was found between yield strength of the metallization and the temperature change required to cause surface reconstruction during cyclic operation.
Reduced Narcotic Requirement by Clonidine with Improved Hemodynamic and Adrenergic Stability in Patients Undergoing Coronary Bypass Surgery (1987)

The authors examined the effect of clonidine, a preferential alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, upon narcotic requirements, hemodynamics, and adrenergic responses during the perioperative period in patients undergoing CABG surgery. Anesthesia was provided by sufentanil supplemented with isoflurane; sodium nitroprusside was given as needed for hemodynamic control. Ten patients received oral clonidine preoperatively at the time of premedication, and again intraoperatively by nasogastric tube. Another group of ten untreated patients were otherwise managed identically. Intergroup differences in required anesthetic and vasoactive drug doses and recovery times were measured and evaluated, as well as hemodynamics and plasma catecholamines prior to induction, after intubation, and at intervals intra- and postoperatively. Patients who received clonidine required less diazepam prior to induction, and received 40% less sufentanil during the anesthetic period, than did untreated controls. More control patients required the addition of isoflurane to prevent hypertension. Mean blood pressures and heart rates were elevated at many sampling points in patients not treated with clonidine. Four of the clonidine-treated group required atropine for treatment of bradycardia in the pre-incision period. Plasma catecholamines were significantly lower throughout most of the study period in patients treated with clonidine. After cardiopulmonary bypass and postoperatively, cardiac outputs were significantly higher in the treated group. Patients who had received clonidine were extubated significantly earlier, and fewer of them shivered postoperatively. We conclude that perioperative treatment with clonidine reduced narcotic and anesthetic requirements, improved hemodynamics, reduced plasma catecholamines, and shortened the period of postoperative ventilation in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery.
Direct Observation of Li‐Ion Transport in Electrodes under Nonequilibrium Conditions Using Neutron Depth Profiling (2015)

One of the key challenges of Li‐ion electrodes is enhancement of (dis)charge rates. This is severely hindered by the absence of a technique that allows direct and nondestructive observation of lithium ions in operating batteries. Direct observation of the Li‐ion concentration profiles using operando neutron depth profiling reveals that the rate‐limiting step is depended not only on the electrode morphology but also on the cycling rate itself. In the LiFePO 4 electrodes phase nucleation limits the charge transport at the lowest cycling rates, whereas electronic conductivity is rate limiting at intermediate rates, and only at the highest rates ionic transport through the electrode is rate limiting. These novel insights into electrode kinetics are imperative for the improvement of Li‐ion batteries and show the large value of in situ NDP in Li‐ion battery research and development.
Spin wave assisted current induced magnetic domain wall motion (2010)

The interaction between the propagating spin waves and the current driven motion of a transverse domain wall in magnetic nanowires is studied by micromagnetic simulations. If the speed of domain walls due to current induced spin transfer torque is comparable to the velocity driven by spin waves, the speed of domain wall is improved by applying spin waves. The domain wall velocity can be manipulated by the frequency and amplitude of spin waves. The effect of spin waves is suppressed in the high current density regime in which the domain wall is mostly driven by current induced spin transfer torque.
Pyramid CELP: Embedded speech coding for packet communications (2002)

In this paper we present a novel speech coding algorithm for transmission over packet networks based on CELP (Code-Excited-Linear-Prediction). While various CELP type speech coders like the ITU-T G.729 or the Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) codec are applicable to packet voice communication systems such as the Internet, there are some fundamental reasons that may limit their Performance in case of packet loss. We investigate the alternative of embedded coding in the CELP framework. focussing on an efficient quantization of the excitation signal to generate a hierarchically-structured bit stream by means of pyramid coding [1]. Thus, the receiver can reconstruct speech at a basic quality by decoding only a subset of the entire bit stream. The quality of the decoded speech increases with the amount of received bits. We demonstrate the performance by an experimental hierarchical wideband (0.05–7 kHz) speech coder, applied to an IP (Internet Protocol) channel simulation.
Hyperbranched macromolecules via a novel double-stage convergent growth approach (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHyperbranched macromolecules via a novel double-stage convergent growth approachKaren L. Wooley, Craig J. Hawker, and J. M. J. FrechetCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 11, 4252–4261Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00011a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00011a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1475Altmetric-Citations345LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts