gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Assemblies from Amphiphilic Homopolymers:  Testing the Scope (2006)

It has been shown by us in a recent communication that homopolymers, in which each repeat unit contains a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic head group, are capable of forming environment-dependent micellar or inverse micellar assemblies. A systematic structure-property relationship study is carried out here to test the scope of the design. We show here that the molecular design is indeed broadly applicable and that there is a significant gain in the critical aggregation concentrations of these polymers, as compared to the small molecule counterparts. We also show that the design can be tuned to achieve vesicle-type assemblies, which further expands the repertoire of amphiphilic homopolymers in a variety of areas. Characterizations of these assemblies have been carried out using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, static light scattering, and dye incorporation experiments.
Evidence for specificity at an early step in protein export in Escherichia coli (1985)

We previously described mutations in a gene, secB, which have pleiotropic effects on protein export in Escherichia coli. In this paper, we report the isolation of mutants in which the activity of the secB gene was eliminated. Null mutations in secB affected only a subset of exported proteins. Strains carrying these mutations, although unable to grow on L broth plates, were still viable on minimal media. These secB mutations reversed a block in the translation of an exported protein that was caused by the elimination of another component of the secretion machinery, SecA protein. These results suggest that the secB product acts at an early step in the export process and is involved in the export of only a subset of cell envelope proteins.
A semi-custom design flow in high-performance microprocessor design (2001)

In this paper we present techniques shown to significantly enhance the custom circuit design process typical of high-performance microprocessors. This methodology combines flexible custom circuit design with automated tuning and physical design tools to provide new opportunities to optimized design throughout the development cycle.
Pedicle screw placement in spinal neurosurgery using a 3D-printed drill guide template: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2020)

The 3D-printed drill guide template can improve the accuracy rate of pedicle screw placement, shorten operative time, and reduce intraoperative blood loss.
Substituted Pyrazolo[3,4‐<i>d</i>]pyrimidines: Microwave‐Assisted, Solvent‐Free Synthesis and Biological Evaluation (2008)

Abstract A simple and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of various pyrazolo[3,4‐ d ]pyrimidines by using microwave irradiation under solvent‐free conditions. The advantages of applying microwave irradiation compared with the classical method were demonstrated. The structures of all the compounds were confirmed by the usual techniques and, in two cases, by X‐ray analysis. The compounds did not display appreciable ability to inhibit xanthine oxidase activity. Screening for antifungal activity showed that some derivatives were active against four fungi, with more significant results for Botrytis.
A process-portable 64b embedded microprocessor with graphics extensions and a 3.6 GB/s interface (2002)

A custom yet process-portable dual-issue 64b embedded microprocessor implements the MIPS64/sup TM/ architecture with 3D graphics geometry processing extensions and a 3.6 GB/s interface. In a 0.18 /spl mu/m 6 layer metal process, the 34 mm/sup 2/ processor is expected to function up to 600 MHz, and dissipate 2 W at 1.5 V and 500 MHz.
Cleavage of poly(diorganosiloxanes) by trimethylaluminum (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCleavage of poly(diorganosiloxanes) by trimethylaluminumAllen W. Apblett and Andrew R. BarronCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 7, 2137–2141Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00157a026https://doi.org/10.1021/om00157a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views305Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Fluorocyclopropanes. I. Preparation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorocyclopropanes. I. Preparation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectraPeter B. SargeantCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 3, 678–682Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00828a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00828a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views494Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of melanin production by Cryptococcus neoformans (1979)

Species of Filobasidiella, the agents of cryptococcosis, produced melanin-like pigments within 4 to 48 h with diphenol, aminophenol, and diaminobenzene compounds as substrates. The rate of phenyloxidase activity was found to be regulated by glucose and nitrogen catabolite repression. Increased glucose concentration reduced pigmentation of all serotypes of Filobasidiella, whereas repression by nitrogen sources varied with the strain. Glutamine repressed the phenyloxidases of all isolates except those of serotype B, and (NH4)2SO4 repressed the phenyloxidase of all isolates except that of serotype A. Tyrosine and glycine appeared to be near optimal for phenyloxidase activity but not necessarily for growth of all strain examined. Representatives of serotype C were unique in that their phenyloxidase system was adpative in contrast to the constitutive system found in the other serotypes. No single medium was found to support pigmentation of all strains of Cryptococcus neoformans within a 72-h incubation period; false-negative reactions can occur.
Effective Applications of Control Charts Using SAS Software (1997)

This short course presents methods for constructing control charts that use the SHEWHART procedure in the SAS System. The course highlights techniques for improving the visual clarity of control charts and for implementing statistical modifications that are broadly applicable, such as analysis of means and control charts for short runs. The course also demonstrates the use of the SHEWHART procedure in tandem with SAS procedures for statistical modeling as a flexible approach to special problems such as autocorrelation in process data. The audience should understand the principles of statistical process control (SPC) and have basic familiarity with SAS programming.
High Speed MOSFET Circuits Using Advanced Lithography (1976)

During the last decade we have seen a dramatic increase in the complexity of silicon integrated circuit chips, particularly in memory. The n-channel FET technology is dominant in main memory and in lower performance logic and arrays (i.e., read-only memory and buffers) because of its higher circuit density and simpler processing, whereas bipolar transistor technology dominates for high-performance logic and arrays.
SGRS: A sequential gesture recognition system using COTS RFID (2018)

Gesture recognition is an innovative technology which is fundamentally reshaping the way people live, entertain and work. However, most gesture recognition systems focus on the recognition of simple gestures and ignore the full potential of sequential gestures involving a series of temporally-related simple actions in order. This paper presents SGRS, a battery-free, scalable and non-specific sequential gesture recognition system based on COTS RFID. The key insight is that finegrained phase information extracted from RF signals is capable of perceiving various gestures. In SGRS, we meticulously devise gesture recognition mechanism by incorporating the k-means based vector quantizer and string matching algorithm to enable precise and real-time sequential gesture identification. Moreover, an improved edit distance algorithm is proposed for suppressing individual diversity. We implement SGRS and comprehensively evaluate the performance by recognizing traffic command gestures of Chinese traffic police. Experimental result shows that SGRS achieves an average recognition accuracy of 96.2% with eight sequential gestures and is highly robust to both individual diversity and multipath effect.
On the evaluation of document analysis components by recall, precision, and accuracy (1999)

In document analysis, it is common to prove the usefulness of a component by an experimental evaluation. By applying the respective algorithms to a test sample, effectiveness measures such as recall, precision, and accuracy are computed. The goal of such an evaluation is two-fold: on the one hand it shows that the absolute effectiveness of the algorithm is acceptable for practical use. On the other hand the evaluation can prove that the algorithm has a better or worse effectiveness than another algorithm. We argue that the experimental evaluation on relative small test sets-as is very common in document analysis has to be taken with extreme care from a statistical point of view. In fact, it is surprising how weak statements derived from such evaluations are.
The simulation of high-speed, high-density digital interconnects in single chip packages and multichip modules (1992)

The development of a comprehensive electromagnetic (EM) modeling tool, the Networking Algorithm, is discussed. This tool is capable of simulating on a digital computer the complexities inherent in real-world interconnects and packages, including simultaneous treatment of the effects of mixed types of transmission line interconnects (i.e. mixtures of stripline, microstrip, and coplanar lines), stubs and branches, reflections, and crosstalk between multiple nets. The type of modeling tool which has been developed is described, the mathematics of the Networking Algorithm is discussed, and a number of examples taken from a high-frequency digital package design are given to show how such a computer-based EM modeling tool set can assist in the design of high-performance packages.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Laser Synthesis of Si/ C/ N Powders from 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexamethyldisilazane. (1986)

Abstract Amorphous fine Si/C/Npowders (0.1 um) are obtained by laser‐driven pyrolysis of (Me 3 Si) 2 NH.
Ringspaltung cyclischer Azoverbindungen, VI. Photolyse von 8‐Oxo‐8H‐chinazolino[3.2‐c]1.2.3‐benzotriazin Darstellung neuer Diazocine (1972)

Abstract Bei der Photolyse des 8‐Oxo‐8 H ‐chinazolino[3.2‐ c ]1.2.3‐benzotriazins ( 1 ) in indifferenten Lösungsmitteln entsteht 11‐Oxo‐11 H ‐benz[3.4]azeto[2.1‐ b ]chinazolin ( 2 ) und über das in Lösung sowohl spektroskopisch als auch durch Abfangreaktionen nachgewiesene 5‐Oxo‐5 H ‐benz[3.4]azeto[1.2‐ a ]chinazolin ( 6 ) Diphenylamin‐dicarbonsäure‐(2.2′)‐imid ( 7 ). In Gegenwart nucleophiler Agenzien bilden sich unter denselben Photolysebedingungen aus 6 die benzokondensierten substituierten Diazocine 7, 13 und 15 . HMO‐Berechnungen für 2 und 6 ergeben mit den strukturverwandten Heterocyclen A–C und A'–C' eine gute Korrelation zwischen p C=O −π ‐Bingungsordnung und Carbonylwellenzahlen und vermögen die bevorzugte Addition von Nucleophilen an die C=N‐Doppelbindung von 6 im Vergleich zur C=N‐Doppelbindung von 2 zu erklären.
Bid Optimization for Internet Graphical Ad Auction Systems via Special Ordered Sets (2007)

This paper describes an optimization model for setting bid levels for certain types of advertisements on web pages. This model is non-convex, but we are able to obtain optimal or near-optimal solutions rapidly using branch and cut open-source software. The financial benefits obtained using the prototype system have been substantial.
Extraction of Submicrogram Amounts of Molybdenum with Cupferron-Chloroform Using Molybdenum-99. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExtraction of Submicrogram Amounts of Molybdenum with Cupferron-Chloroform Using Molybdenum-99.W. B. Healy and W. J. McCabeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 13, 2117–2119Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60206a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60206a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views26Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Replication of G Quadruplex DNA (2019)

A cursory look at any textbook image of DNA replication might suggest that the complex machine that is the replisome runs smoothly along the chromosomal DNA. However, many DNA sequences can adopt non-B form secondary structures and these have the potential to impede progression of the replisome. A picture is emerging in which the maintenance of processive DNA replication requires the action of a significant number of additional proteins beyond the core replisome to resolve secondary structures in the DNA template. By ensuring that DNA synthesis remains closely coupled to DNA unwinding by the replicative helicase, these factors prevent impediments to the replisome from causing genetic and epigenetic instability. This review considers the circumstances in which DNA forms secondary structures, the potential responses of the eukaryotic replisome to these impediments in the light of recent advances in our understanding of its structure and operation and the mechanisms cells deploy to remove secondary structure from the DNA. To illustrate the principles involved, we focus on one of the best understood DNA secondary structures, G quadruplexes (G4s), and on the helicases that promote their resolution.
Reduction of artifacts in error diffusion by means of input-dependent weights (1993)

The error diffusion algorithm for binarization of continuous-tone images suffers from artifacts in the low- and high-input regions. These artifacts can be reduced by introducing inputdependent weighting coefficients in the form of multiple error diffusion matrices into the error diffusion algorithm.
Evolution of Arc Fault Protection Technology at APL (2004)

n electrical fi re is reported in the United States every 5 min. Electrical fi res are of even greater concern onboard ships, where the means of escape are limited. Historical data show that major electrical fi res occur on Navy ships at a rate greater than 6 times per year. These fi res damage equipment and place the lives of personnel and the survival of the ship at risk. APL investigated the causes and propagation of the high-energy arcs that produce damaging fi res and created the Arc Fault Detection (AFD) system to detect and quench these fi res. In addition, the Continuous Thermal Monitoring (CTM) system was created that can predict more than 60% of the arcs before they occur and thus prevent arcing damage. These systems, which are installed in all U.S. submarines and nuclear aircraft carriers, are credited with saving nine submarines from catastrophic electrical fi res and directly saving two lives. With the advent of electric propulsion, the generation of electricity on ships is slated to increase many fold, potentially increasing the severity and frequency of electrical fi res. Additional research will be needed to enhance the capabilities of the existing AFD/CTM systems to meet the new challenges.
<title>Investigation of the physical and practical limits of dense-only phase-shift lithography for circuit feature definition</title> (2002)

The rise of low-k<SUB>1</SUB> optical lithography in IC manufacturing has introduced new questions concerning the physical and practical limits of particular sub-wavelength resoltuion-enhanced imaging approaches. For a given application tradeoffs between mask complexity design cycle time, process latitude and process throughput must be well understood. It has recently been shown that a dense-only PSM approach can be applied to technology nodes approaching the physical limits of strong PSM with no proximity effects. Such an approach offers the benefits of reduced mask complexity and design cycle time, at the expense of decreased process throughput and limited design flexibility. In particular, dense-only methods offer k<SUB>1</SUB> < 0.3, thus enabling 90-nm node lithography with high-NA 248 nm exposure systems. We presents the results of experiments, simulations, and analysis designed to explore the tradeoffs inherent in dense-only phase shift lithography. Gate and contact patterns corresponding to various fully scaled circuits are presented, and the relationship between process complexity and design latitude is discussed. Particular attention is given to approaches for obtaining gate features in both the horizontal and vertical orientation. Since semiconductor investment is dependent on cost amortization, the applicability of these methods is also considered in terms of production volume.
Preparation of α‐Bromo‐ and α‐Chlorocarboxylic Acids from α‐Amino Acids (1983)

Abstract Diazotization of α‐amino acids in 48:52 ( w / w ) hydrogen fluoride/pyridine along with excess of potassium halide results in the corresponding α‐halocarboxylic acids in good to excellent yields (Table 1 and 2) .
Recent Advances in New Structural Classes of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents (2005)

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most devastating diseases primarily due to several decades of neglect, and presents a global health threat of escalating proportions. TB is the second leading infectious cause of mortality today behind only HIV/AIDS. The impetus for developing new structural classes of anti-tuberculosis drugs comes from the emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains to commonly used drugs, substantially longer durations of therapy that are needed as a result of resistance, and the resurgence of disease in immuno-compromised patients. Recent years have witnessed emergence of many new structural classes of anti-TB agents, which have exhibited promising activities against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains of the causative organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These analogs ideally should decrease the overall duration of therapy with improved efficacy, and exhibit mechanisms of action different from those of existing drugs to counter the resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. This review provides a comprehensive literature compilation on advances in the new structural classes of anti-TB analogs reported during the past five years. Our discussion and observations are concentrated on chemotherapeutic potential of alphabetically listed twenty-seven new structural classes of anti-tuberculosis agents that include:- acetamides, 5-arylidene-2-thiohydantoins, benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, benzoic acid hydrazones, benzoxazines, carbohydrates, chalcones, coumarins, deazapteridines, imidazoles, indoloquinazolinones, isothiosemicarbazones, mycobactins, 1,8-naphthyridines, phenazines, purines, pyridines, N-pyridinylsalicylamides, pyrimidines and thymidines, pyrroles, quinolines, quinoxalines, terpenes, thiadiazine thiones, thiolactomycines, toludines, and triazoles.
Learning and Memory (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: History and Hypotheses Behavioral Paradigms Transgenics and Knockouts Background Literature
Inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by DNA-RNA chimeric hammerhead ribozyme targeting to rat platelet-derived growth factor A-chain mRNA (2001)

These results indicated that the designed DNA-RNA chimeric ribozyme to PDGF A-chain mRNA effectively and specifically inhibited the exaggerated growth of VSMC from SHR at low concentrations, which were mediated by the reduction of PDGF A-chain mRNA and PDGF-AA protein expressions.
698. The stereochemistry of the tropane alkaloids. Part XII. The total synthesis of scopolamine (1959)

P. Dobó, G. Fodor, G. Janzsó, I. Koczor, J. Tóth and I. Vincze, J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 3461 DOI: 10.1039/JR9590003461