gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The design of a test suite for evaluating a parallelizing translator (1992)

The design and effectiveness of a test suite for a parallelizing translator that performs FORTRAN source-to- source transformations and converts FORTRAN DO-loops to parallel loops are described. A test suite for such a translator should evaluate that 1) the transformed program runs correctly; 2) the desired transformations are performed; and 3) transformations that do not improve performance are not performed. This test suite focuses correctness testing on exercising the data dependence analysis algorithm that are used for program transformations. For performance testing, it specifically targets at a list of desired/undesired transformations. This suite has been proven very effective in detecting errors in dependence analysis and flaws in program transformations. Also, the test suite completes in a few hours and reports test results automatically.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Proposal for a fiber‐optic endlessly rotatable fractional wave device and its applications to lightwave technologies (1988)

Abstract In the fields of single‐mode fiber‐optics, polarization control is an important technique to control undesirable polarization fluctuations. This paper presents a new fiber‐optic fractional wave device which can endlessly and continuously rotate to compensate for polarization fluctuations. A design method is described and factors determining the performance of the device are presented. Characteristics of fabricated devices are described and their applications are introduced. This fiber‐optic fractional device utilizes birefringence induced in a bent fiber. The unique feature is that the fiber is coiled between two rotaing parallel plates with only loose support. This structure makes it possible to achieve a compact endlessly rotatable device. For design comparisons, a figure of merit relating to the characteristics of the bent fiber is proposed. The shape of the fiber bending changes according to the rotation of the device. The effect of this transformation on the characteristics of the device is studied theoretically. Experimental studies are carried out on the effect of coating materials, on fiber durability, and on its characteristics during high‐speed operation. Half‐and quarter‐wave devices for 1.52 μm wavelength are fabricated with losses and birefringence accuracies better than 0.2 dB and ±5%, respectively. A polarization controller realized by utilizing this device is used in a 400 Mb/s optical FSK transmission over 270‐km fiber. It also is used in an LD spectrum width measuring instrument.
Re-codable video (2002)

This paper describes a two-stage digital video encoding technique that is compliant with emerging international standards and is optimized for multiple uses of the material. Applications include production, post-processing, archival storage, and distribution through diverse channels. The first phase of the encoding is computationally intensive and the second phase is bandwidth conserving; all motion analysis is done in phase one. The intermediate format resulting from phase one uses less storage than the raw data but more than a fully compressed image sequence. It is designed to serve as the source for distribution through diverse channels: transcoding from the intermediate representation to various compressed data streams is both simple and more efficient than single-pass encoding.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Field study on broilers’ first-week mortality (2009)

In the Dutch poultry meat production chain, first week mortality (FWM) of the chicks is an important measure to quality and is therefore highly related to the price of the chicks that the broiler farm has to pay to the hatchery. Therefore, next to the total number of broiler eggs produced per hen and hatchability, this figure is often used as a measure of efficiency in the breeder-hatchery-broiler production chain. In this study, factors that are related to chick mortality in the first week at broiler farms were investigated. Field data obtained from 2 commercial Dutch hatcheries, for which 482 broiler farms voluntarily recorded FWM of 16,365 flocks of broiler chicks over the years 2004, 2005, and 2006, were analyzed. These represented 79% of the total number of day-old chicks delivered to separate broiler farms. First week mortality was significantly related to breeder age, egg storage length at the hatchery, season, strain, feed company of the breeder farm, year, and hatchery. Furthermore, FWM differed significantly between chicks originating from eggs of different breeder flocks and which were kept for grow-out at different broiler farms.
Video Sensor Node for Low-Power Ad-hoc Wireless Networks (2007)

A video sensor platform consisting of a smart image sensor with focal plane motion processing is presented. The camera node is intended for ultra-low bandwidth ad-hoc wireless networks with data rates of less than 2kB/sec. To meet the targets of low power consumption and low complexity, the CMOS image sensor (consuming 4.2 mW of power at 30 fps) autonomously monitors for scene changes, outputting full image data only when relevant. For this sensor node, several different operating configurations leveraging the analog processing and storage capability of the imager, including a full motion DCT based video compression algorithm are shown. The entire sensor module can operate from 3 AA batteries and consumes 225 mW at full operation.
Two electrical models of the lead–acid battery used in a dynamic voltage restorer (2003)

Two electrical models of a lead–acid battery, a short-term discharge model and a long-term integrated model, were used to investigate the system performance of a battery-supported dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). The short-term model provides a simple but effective description when the DVR compensates voltage sags over a short period. The integrated model can predict accurately the terminal voltage, state of charge, battery capacity and gassing current. It gives a good description of the battery response during both discharge and charge. Parameters of both models can be determined easily from measured battery output voltages obtained from load-step tests. Both models were successfully implemented in EMTDC/PSCAD and interfaced with the digital model of a 10 kVA DVR physical prototype. They gave a very close agreement between extensive experimental data and simulation results. Application issues such as current harmonics and microcycles during charge/discharge are discussed with respect to their impact on loss of capacity and reduced lifetime of the lead–acid battery.
Reaction of acetaldehyde and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of acetaldehyde and tert-butyl hydroperoxideM. C. V. Sauer and John O. EdwardsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1971, 75, 21, 3377–3379Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/j100690a032RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (349 KB) Get e-Alerts
Linking drainage front morphology with gaseous diffusion in unsaturated porous media: A lattice Boltzmann study (2006)

The effect of drainage front morphology on gaseous diffusion through partially saturated porous media is analyzed using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). Flow regimes for immiscible displacement in porous media have been characterized as stable displacement, capillary fingering, and viscous fingering. The dominance of a flow regime is associated with the relative magnitudes of gravity, viscous, and capillary forces, quantifiable via the Bond number Bo, capillary number Ca, and their difference, Bo-Ca . Forced drainage from an initially saturated two-dimensional (2D) porous medium was simulated and the resulting flow patterns were analyzed and compared with theoretical predictions and experimental results. The LBM simulations reproduced expected flow morphologies for a range of drainage velocities and gravitational forces (i.e., a range of capillary and Bond numbers). Furthermore, measures of drainage front width as a function of the dimensionless difference Bo-Ca correspond well with scaling laws derived from percolation theory. Effects of flow morphology on residual fluid entrapment and gaseous diffusion were assessed by running LBM diffusion simulations through the partially saturated domain for a range of water contents. The effective diffusion coefficient as a function of water content was estimated for three regimes: stable drainage front, capillary fingering, and viscous fingering. Significant reductions in gaseous diffusion coefficient were found for viscous fingering relative to stable displacement, and to a lesser extent for capillary fingering, indicating that wetting phase distribution with a high degree of fingering in the 2D domain severely restricts connectivity of gas diffusion pathways through the medium. The study lends support for the use of LBM in design and management of fluids in porous media under variable gravity, and enhances the understanding of the role of dynamic fluid behavior on macroscopic transport properties of partially saturated porous media.
Crystallization from solution : factors influencing size distribution (1971)

Crystallization from solution: factors influencing size distribution , Crystallization from solution: factors influencing size distribution , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Active isoprenoid pathway in the intra-erythrocytic stages of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>: presence of dolichols of 11 and 12 isoprene units (1999)

N-glycosylation of proteins is required for the intra-erythrocytic schizogony of Plasmodium falciparum. In eukaryotic cells, this process involves the transfer of oligosaccharides from a dolichyl pyrophosphate derivative to asparagine residues. We have identified dolichol, dolichyl phosphate and dolichyl pyrophosphate species of 11 and 12 isoprenoid residues by metabolic labelling with [(3)H]farnesyl pyrophosphate, [(3)H]geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate and [(14)C]acetate in the different intra-erythrocytic stages of P. falciparum. This is the first demonstration of short-chain dolichols in the phylum Apicomplexa. The results demonstrate the presence of an active isoprenoid pathway in the intra-erythrocytic stages of P. falciparum. Parasites treated with mevastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor, show depressed biosynthesis of dolichol, dolichyl phosphate and isoprenoid pyrophosphate. This effect is observed in all intra-erythrocytic stages of the parasite life cycle, but is most pronounced in the ring stage. N-linked glycosylation of proteins was inhibited in the ring and young-trophozoite stages after mevastatin treatment of parasite cultures. Therefore the isoprenoid pathway may represent a different approach to the development of new anti-malarial drugs.
Physicochemical properties of pentaglyme–sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide solvate ionic liquid (2014)

The physicochemical properties of pentaglyme (G5) and sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (Na[TFSA]) binary mixtures were investigated with respect to salt concentration and temperature. The density, viscosity, ionic conductivity, self-diffusion coefficient, and oxidative stability of a series of binary mixtures were measured, and the mixtures were examined as electrolytes for Na secondary batteries. An equimolar mixture of G5 and Na[TFSA] formed a low melting solvate, [Na(G5)1][TFSA], which exhibited an ionic conductivity of 0.61 mS cm(-1) at 30 °C. The ionicity (Λimp/Λideal) of the glyme-Na[TFSA] mixture was estimated from the molar conductivity of electrochemical impedance measurements (Λimp) and the Walden plot (Λideal). [Na(G5)1][TFSA] possessed a high ionicity of 0.63 at 30 °C, suggesting that [Na(G5)1][TFSA] is highly dissociated into a [Na(G5)1](+) cation and a [TFSA](-) anion, regardless of the extreme salt concentration in the liquid. The oxidative stabilities of G5-Na[TFSA] mixtures were investigated by linear sweep voltammetry, and the higher concentration resulted in higher oxidative stability due to the lowering of the HOMO energy level of G5 by complexation with the Na(+) ion. In addition, battery tests were performed using the mixtures as electrolytes. The [Na|[Na(G5)1][TFSA]|Na0.44MnO2] cell showed good charge-discharge cycle stability, with a discharge capacity of ca. 100 mA h g(-1), while the [Na(G5)1.25][TFSA] system, containing excess G5, showed poor stability.
Titanium Silicide on Si:P With Precontact Amorphization Implantation Treatment: Contact Resistivity Approaching $1 \times 10^{-9}$ Ohm-cm2 (2016)

In recent CMOS technology, extreme shrinking of contact area at source/drain regions raises serious concerns of high metal/semiconductor contact resistance. Confronting this problem, we introduce a precontact amorphization implantation plus Ti silicidation technique (PCAI + TiSi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> ) and achieve ultralow contact resistivity (ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ) of (1.3 - 1.5) × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> Ω · cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> on Si:P. This PCAI + TiSi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> technique utilizes light amorphization (low-energy implantation), thin Ti and TiSi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> film, and moderate thermal budget (500°C-550°C): these features are compatible with modern CMOS manufacturing. Moreover, the PCAI + TiSi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> -induced ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> reduction is proved universal on both n- and p-Si. With additional characterizations, we find that the silicidation-induced ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> variation is not merely a Schottky barrier height tuning effect. The electrical and physical characterizations suggest that the low ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> is strongly correlated with the formation of interfacial TiSi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> crystallites between amorphous TiSi alloy and Si.
Blockade of the abdominal muscles measured by EMG during lumbar epidural analgesia with ropivacaine – a double‐blind study (1993)

A single shot of 20 ml of 1%, 0.75% or 0.5% ropivacaine was administered epidurally (at L2/3 level) to 30 volunteers, in a double-blind manner. The blockade of the rectus abdominis muscle was measured quantitatively by registration of the average rectified electromyographic signal (AREMG) at the T7, T9 and T11 motor segmental levels and with a qualitative test for blockade of the rectus abdominis muscle (the so-called RAM test). The maximal cranial spread of analgesia, evaluated by the pin-prick method, was not significantly different for the three concentrations (T8-T10 dermatome; median value). The intensity of motor blockade, measured by the AREMG method, increased progressively from the T7 segment and caudally with all three concentrations. The blockade was partial (i.e. 85-25% of baseline AREMG activity was present at its maximum) in all subjects. When the effect of the three concentrations of ropivacaine was compared at the same segmental level, the intensity and duration of maximal motor blockade seemed to be dose-dependent, but the difference was not statistically significant. The total duration of motor blockade was shorter with the 0.5% solution than with the higher concentrations. The AREMG method gave a more exact and graded picture of blockade of the rectus abdominis muscle than the RAM test. The duration of sensory blockade did not outlast motor blockade at any level. In half of our subjects the maximal spread of sensory blockade was either equal to or higher than the spread of partial motor block. In the other half, this relationship was reversed--the maximal cranial level of partial motor block was 1-4 segments higher than the maximal level of analgesia.
Spurführungsregelung eines aktiv gelenkten Radpaars für Straßenbahnen (2014)

In der Arbeit wird die Einsetzbarkeit eines aktiv gelenkten Radpaars (AGR) für den Straßenbahnbetrieb untersucht. Zunächst wird die Rad-Schiene-Kontaktkinematik des AGR analysiert und die Querdynamik des AGR modelliert. Darauf aufbauend wird eine robuste Spurführungsregelung nach der µ-Synthese entworfen. Die Simulationsergebnisse zeigen, dass das AGR mit dem ausgelegten Regler das Spurführungsverhalten im Straßenbahnbetrieb signifikant verbessern kann.
Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis maps of the proteome and phosphoproteome of primitively cultured rat mesangial cells (2005)

Mesangial cells (MC) play an important role in maintaining the structure and function of the glomerulus. The proliferation of MC is a prominent feature of many kinds of glomerular disease. The first reference 2-DE maps of rat mesangial cells (RMC), stained with silver staining or Pro-Q Diamond dye, have been established here to describe the proteome and phosphoproteome of RMC, respectively. A total of 157 selected protein spots, corresponding to 118 unique proteins, have been identified by MALDI-TOF-MS or LC-ESI-IT-MS/MS, in which 37 protein spots representing 28 unique proteins have also been stained with Pro-Q Diamond, indicating that they are in phosphorylated forms. All the identified proteins were bioinformatically annotated in detail according to their physiochemical characteristics, subcellular location, and function. Most of the separated or identified protein spots are distributed in the area of mass 10-70 kDa and pI 5.0-8.0. The identified proteins include mainly cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins and some mitochondrial, endoplasmic reticulum, and membrane proteins. These proteins are classified into different functional groups such as structure and mobility proteins (21.2%), metabolic enzymes (16.9%), protein folding and metabolism proteins (13.6%), signaling proteins (14.4%), heat-shock proteins (7.6%), and other functional proteins (12.7%). While structure and mobility proteins are mostly represented by protein spots with high abundance, signaling proteins are mostly represented by protein spots with relatively low abundance. Such a 2-DE database for RMC, especially with many signaling proteins and phosphoproteins characterized, will provide a valuable resource for comparative proteomics analysis of normal and pathologic conditions affecting MC function or pathologic progress.
Mobile 영어단어학습 어플리케이션 User Interface Design 사용성 평가 (2017)

현대인들은 생활 속에 필요한 대부분의 것들을 스마트폰을 통해 이용하고 있으며 금융, 게임, 네비게이션 등 Application을 통한 이용이 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 영어단어학습 App의 Interface Design에 대한 사용성 평가에 관한 연구이다. 영어단어학습 App중 4개를 선정하여 각각의 콘텐츠, User Interface, Graphic User Interface 특성을 분석한 후, 사용성 평가 이론을 통해 평가의 기준요인을 추출 설계한 사용성 평가 모델을 토대로 전문가집단의 휴리스틱 평가(Heruistic Evaluation)방법로 사용성 평가를 실시하였다. 평가 결과 콘텐츠와 Interface, GUI 모두 듀오링고와 암기고래가 대체로 고평가 되었으나 듀오링고는 6개의 학습진행유형의 기억성과 상호작용성이 저평가되었다. 또한 다단계의 Interface의 유형을 가지고 채도가 높은 컬러와 다양한 레이아웃이 적용된 Fun easy Learn과 한 가지 학습유형으로 된 저절로 암기 영단어는 앞선 두 App에 비해 상대적으로 저평가 되었다. 분석 결과를 종합한 본 연구의 결론은 첫 번째, 콘텐츠 영역의 학습유형은 3~5개의 혼합형과 반복형 그리고 단어장 등 취약단어학습을 할 수 있는 학습지원기능이 고평가 되었다. 두 번째, Interface 영역에서는 도움말 필요 없이 직관적 사용이 가능한 바로가기 아이콘형식과 1~2단계의 단순 Interface와 일일학습 등으로 소단계로 분류된 학습의 구분과 학습 성취도 등을 사용자에게 인지시키는 상호 작용성, SNS를 통한 타인과의 학습의 공유가 고평가를 되었다. 세 번째, GUI측면에서는 실행아이콘 디자인만으로도 구매를 하며 아이콘 Design의 중요성과 채도가 높은 컬러 보다는 1~2가지 컬러를 이용한 단순이미지와 일러스트를 포함한 레이아웃 Design이 높게 평가되었다. App은 사용자가 사용 시 Interface 사용에 어려움을 느끼게 되고 만족도가 떨어지면 삭제하게 된다. 본 연구의 사용성평가를 결과를 토대로 제시한 콘텐츠, Interface, GUI의 디자인을 적용하여 App의 사용자 만족도 향상과 더불어 App의 다운로드 수 증가와 장기간 이용률이 높아지기를 기대해 본다.
Impact of Aging on Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell Chondrogenesis (2007)

Damaged articular cartilage rarely heals or regenerates in middle-aged and elderly adults, suggesting that the chondrogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells declines with age. To test this hypothesis, we measured the responses of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to chondrogenic induction in vitro. BMSCs from immature rats (1 week old), young adult rats (12 weeks old), and old adult rats (1 year old) were analyzed for cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) production. Histologic analysis showed strong cartilage ECM formation by BMSCs from 1-week-old rats, but not by BMSCs from 12-week-old or 1-year-old rats. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed age-related declines in messenger RNA encoding type II collagen, aggrecan, and link protein, three major cartilage ECM components. Microarray analysis indicated significant age-related differences in the expression of genes that influence cartilage ECM formation. These findings support the hypothesis that the chondrogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells declines with age.
DNA Vaccination of Rainbow Trout against Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus: A Dose–Response and Time–Course Study (2000)

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss is caused by VHS virus (VHSV), which belongs to the rhabdovirus family. Among the different strategies for immunizing fish with a recombinant vaccine, genetic immunization has recently proven to be highly effective. To further investigate the potential for protecting fish against VHS by DNA vaccination, experiments were conducted to determine the amount of plasmid DNA needed for induction of protective immunity. The time to onset of immunity and the duration of protection following administration of a protective vaccine dose were also analyzed. The dose–response analysis revealed that significant protection of rainbow trout fingerlings was obtained following intramuscular injection of only 0.01 μg of plasmid DNA encoding the VHSV glycoprotein gene. In addition, higher doses of DNA induced immunity to a virus isolate serologically different from the isolate used for vaccine development. Following administration of 1 μg of a DNA vaccine, significant protection against VHS was observed in the fish as early as 8 d postvaccination. At 168 d postvaccination, the fish had increased in size by a factor of 10 and protection against a lethal dose of VHSV was still evident. The results confirm the great potential for DNA vaccination in inducing efficient immunoprophylaxis against viral diseases in aquacultured fish.