gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Shape from Silhouette Scanner (2002)

The availability of digital models of real 3D objects is becoming more and more important in many different applications (e-commerce, virtual visits etc). Very often the objects to be represented cannot be modeled by means of the classical 3D modeling tools because of the geometrical complexity or color texture. In these cases, devices for the automatic acquisition of the shape and the color of the objects (3D scanners or range scanners) have to be used. The scanner presented in this work, a Shape from silhouette scanner, is very cheap (it is based on the use of a simple digital camera and a turntable) and easy to use. While maintaining the camera on a tripod and the object on the turntable, the user acquires images with different rotation angles of the table. The fusion of all the acquired views enables the production of a digital 3D representation of the object. Existing Shape from silhouette scanners operate in an indirect way. They subdivide the object definition space in a regular 3D grid and verify that a voxel belongs to the object by verifying that its 2D projection falls inside the silhouette of the corresponding image. Our scanner adopts a direct method: by using a new 3D representation scheme and algorithm, the Marching Intersections data structure, we can directly intersect all the 3D volumes obtained by the silhouettes extracted from the images.
MAP1S Protein Regulates the Phagocytosis of Bacteria and Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Signaling (2015)

Phagocytosis is a critical cellular process for innate immune defense against microbial infection. The regulation of phagocytosis process is complex and has not been well defined. An intracellular molecule might regulate cell surface-initiated phagocytosis, but the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood (1). In this study, we found that microtubule-associated protein 1S (MAP1S), a protein identified recently that is involved in autophagy (2), is expressed primarily in macrophages. MAP1S-deficient macrophages are impaired in the phagocytosis of bacteria. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MAP1S interacts directly with MyD88, a key adaptor of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), upon TLR activation and affects the TLR signaling pathway. Intriguingly, we also observe that, upon TLR activation, MyD88 participates in autophagy processing in a MAP1S-dependent manner by co-localizing with MAP1 light chain 3 (MAP1-LC3 or LC3). Therefore, we reveal that an intracellular autophagy-related molecule of MAP1S controls bacterial phagocytosis through TLR signaling.
Stateful Public-Key Cryptosystems: How to Encrypt with One 160-bit Exponentiation. (2006)

We show how to significantly speed-up the encryption portion of some public-key cryptosystems by the simple expedient of allowing a sender to maintain state that is re-used across different encryptions. In particular we present stateful versions of the DHIES and Kurosawa-Desmedt schemes that each use only 1 exponentiation to encrypt, as opposed to 2 and 3 respectively in the original schemes, yielding the fastest discrete-log based public-key encryption schemes known in the random-oracle and standard models respectively. The schemes are proven to meet an appropriate extension of the standard definition of IND-CCA security that takes into account
Assessment of baroreceptor reflex sensitivity by means of spectral analysis. (1987)

A method of determining baroreceptor reflex sensitivity is proposed that is based on spectral analysis of systolic pressure values and RR interval times, namely, the modulus (or gain) in the mid frequency band (0.07-0.14 Hz) between these two signals. Results using this method were highly correlated (0.94; n = 8) with results of the phenylephrine method. In addition, compared with the values for the preceding rest period, the modulus decreased during mental challenge, as might be expected from the literature.
Treatment of common gynecologic-endocrinologic symptoms by allergy management procedures. (1982)

The technique of managing allergies by optimum-dose (provocative neutralization) testing and treatment using aqueous progesterone has been studied in 132 women having progesterone-related symptoms due to the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, or exogenous hormone administration. When extremely small doses of progesterone (0.0016 mg or below, up to maximum of 2.5 mg) were administered following determination of specific dose requirement by skin testing, startlingly rapid and effective clearing of symptoms was observed. With these individualized doses, symptoms cleared completely or almost completely within 30 minutes in the majority of patients. A single-blind technique was employed to rule out placebo effect. Some common problems found to respond well to the procedure were nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (100%), premenstrual syndrome (96%), and dysmenorrhea (84%).
Envelope Tracking Line-up Design Considerations with High Efficiency Linearizable Inverse Class-F Driver Amplifier (2012)

In this paper, comprehensive design considerations for multi-stage envelope tracking power amplifier line-up design with a 10W GaN HEMT switch mode driver amplifierwas presented to realized optimum overall power added efficiency.Crest factor reduction algorithm and non-linear switch mode driver design for efficiency and linearization were studied. Also, a high efficiency inverse class-F amplifier was implemented with efficiency as 44.8% for LTE 20MHz signaland characterized to provethe concept of applying linearizable inverse class-F amplifierenvelope tracking driver purpose.
Mechanisms for vagal modulation of ventricular repolarization and of coronary occlusion-induced lethal arrhythmias in cats. (1994)

Our goal was to better understand the mechanisms underlying muscarinic receptor actions on the ventricle in vivo. Therefore, we studied the effects of vagal stimulation on ventricular repolarization and of vagal tone on lethal arrhythmias induced by 30 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in anesthetized cats. Experimental groups included normal control cats subjected only to coronary ligation and cats pretreated with atropine, pertussis toxin (PTX), or propranolol. All cats received bilateral cervical vagal stimulation (Vstim) at 1, 3, and 5 Hz for 1 minute at 10-minute intervals. Before coronary ligation, Vstim slowed sinus rate, prolonged the PR interval, and lowered blood pressure. Most important from the point of view of electrophysiological function was a vagally induced acceleration of ventricular repolarization in paced and unpaced hearts, which could be explained by the effects of acetylcholine (ie, shortening the subepicardial muscle action potentials). The effect on repolarization was blocked by atropine or PTX but not by propranolol. The extent of sinus slowing and acceleration of repolarization was directly related to the level of functional PTX-sensitive G protein (P < .05). Coronary occlusion was performed during atrial pacing such that the heart rate in all groups was equal. The incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) was 10% in the control group and 50% and 54% in atropine and PTX groups, respectively (P < .05). During atrial pacing before coronary occlusion, a vagal index was calculated as percent QTc shortening during Vstim. When the vagal index was 13% to 26%, the incidence of VF during occlusion was zero. When the vagal index was 0% to 12%, VF was 52% (P < .01). Conclusions are as follows: (1) Vstim accelerates ventricular repolarization in cats via a pathway that incorporates a PTX-sensitive G protein and involves an altered gradient between epicardium and endocardium. (2) Removal of vagal tone during ischemia favors VF, as predicted by a vagal index.
Fast human detection for indoor mobile robots using depth images (2013)

A human detection algorithm running on an indoor mobile robot has to address challenges including occlusions due to cluttered environments, changing backgrounds due to the robot's motion, and limited on-board computational resources. We introduce a fast human detection algorithm for mobile robots equipped with depth cameras. First, we segment the raw depth image using a graph-based segmentation algorithm. Next, we apply a set of parameterized heuristics to filter and merge the segmented regions to obtain a set of candidates. Finally, we compute a Histogram of Oriented Depth (HOD) descriptor for each candidate, and test for human presence with a linear SVM. We experimentally evaluate our approach on a publicly available dataset of humans in an open area as well as our own dataset of humans in a cluttered cafe environment. Our algorithm performs comparably well on a single CPU core against another HOD-based algorithm that runs on a GPU even when the number of training examples is decreased by half. We discuss the impact of the number of training examples on performance, and demonstrate that our approach is able to detect humans in different postures (e.g. standing, walking, sitting) and with occlusions.
Wetting of Single Shell Carbon Nanotubes (1998)

Carbon nanotubes have two major assets for potential technological applications: their electronic properties and their extremely high mechanical strength, which make them excellent components of composites. Essential for such composites is the existence of favorable surface interactions between the nanotubes and the host matrix. The wetting properties of single shell nanotubes (see micrograph in Figure) are presented.
Investigation of Sc<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>mixed-matrix Ba&#8212;Ca aluminate-impregnated cathodes (1984)

The Sc <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> mixed-matrix Ba-Ca aluminate-impregated cathodes are fabricated and electron emission property as well as Ba evaporation rate is evaluated. The saturation current density J <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> = 10 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> can be obtained at 840°C of brightness temperature for Sc <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> content of 1-13 wt %. Emission anomaly is observed at low applied electric field strength, which is caused by the effective electric field reduction due to patch field. From surface analysis by Auger electron spectroscopy, the patch field is found to be due to imhomogeneous distribution of a surface layer composed of Ba, Sc, and O.
Renal impairment, worsening renal function, and outcome in patients with heart failure: an updated meta-analysis (2013)

Across all subgroups of patients with HF, CKD, and WRF are prevalent and associated with a strongly increased mortality risk, especially CKD. Specific conditions may predict the occurrence of WRF and thereby poor prognosis.
Functional Growth in Tissue-Engineered Living, Vascular Grafts (2006)

This study provides evidence of growth in living, functional pulmonary arteries engineered from vascular cells in a full growth animal model.
A Daptomycin-Xylitol-loaded Polymethylmethacrylate Bone Cement: How Much Xylitol Should Be Used? (2013)

While we identified an appropriate amount of xylitol in a daptomycin-xylitol-loaded PMMA bone cement as a prophylactic agent in total joint arthroplasties, clinical evaluations are needed to confirm the effectiveness of this cement.
Chronic intermittent tachypacing by an optogenetic approach induces arrhythmia vulnerability in human engineered heart tissue (2019)

We demonstrated a high vulnerability to tachycardia of optically tachypaced hiPSC-CMs in EHT and the effective termination by ryanodine receptor stabilization, sodium or hERG potassium channel inhibition. This new model might serve as a preclinical tool to test antiarrhythmic drugs increasing the insight in treating ventricular tachycardia.
DNA Barcoding of Freshwater Fishes of Indo-Myanmar Biodiversity Hotspot (2018)

To develop an effective conservation and management strategy, it is required to assess the biodiversity status of an ecosystem, especially when we deal with Indo-Myanmar biodiversity hotspot. Importance of this reaches to an entirely different level as the hotspot represents the area of high endemism which is under continuous threat. Therefore, the need of the present study was conceptualized, dealing with molecular assessment of the fish fauna of Indo-Myanmar region, which covers the Indian states namely, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland. A total of 363 specimens, representing 109 species were collected and barcoded from the different rivers and their tributaries of the region. The analyses performed in the present study, i.e. Kimura 2-Parameter genetic divergence, Neighbor-Joining, Automated Barcode Gap Discovery and Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes suggest that DNA barcoding is an efficient and reliable tool for species identification. Most of the species were clearly delineated. However, presence of intra-specific and inter-specific genetic distance overlap in few species, revealed the existence of putative cryptic species. A reliable DNA barcode reference library, established in our study provides an adequate knowledge base to the groups of non-taxonomists, researchers, biodiversity managers and policy makers in sketching effective conservation measures for this ecosystem.
Dynamical Binding of Hydrogen-Bond Surrogate Derived Bak Helices to Antiapoptotic Protein Bcl-x<sub>L</sub> (2009)

A new peptide modification strategy was recently developed to replace the i to i + 4 hydrogen bond of the main chain of an alpha-helix with a carbon-carbon covalent bond to afford highly stable constrained alpha-helices, termed hydrogen-bond surrogate (HBS) helices. HBS helices that mimic the Bak BH3 domains were experimentally demonstrated to target protein Bcl-x(L) with high affinity. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is used to understand how the covalent modification of the natural Bak sequence affects the binding to Bcl-x(L) at molecular levels. The binding mechanism of HBS helix to Bcl-x(L) and the effect of synthesized cyclic structures are analyzed by MD and MM-PBSA calculations for comparison with the native binding of Bak-Bcl-x(L). The present MD result shows that the entropy of the HBS structure is considerably reduced, and the presence of the N-terminal HBS macrocycle impacts residues at the C-terminus of the helix, but the conformation of the corresponding binding structures is not significantly changed. Our analysis shows that substitution of an aspartic acid residue--a helix breaker--with a hydrophobic residue not only enhances the helicity of the peptide but also stabilizes the structure of the binding complex. The present computational result is consistent with the experimental observation and provides explanations for the altered binding properties of the artificial Bak alpha-helix. Our study underscores the importance of the dynamical effect in protein-peptide interaction in which entropic effect plays a major role.
中亚金-汞矿床：矿床类型 分布规律 成因模式 (2006)

金-汞矿化代表一种新的有前途的矿床类型，可划分四种成因模式：Au—As—Hg，Au—Sb—Hg，Au—Te-Hg和Au-Cu-Hg，与不同金矿化有成因联系，由不同的成矿系列产生。四类金。汞矿床广泛存在于东亚和东南亚。越南是最有希望发现这一工业类型矿床的地区之一。
TILLING in the two-rowed barley cultivar 'Barke' reveals preferred sites of functional diversity in the gene HvHox1 (2009)

A new TILLING population was developed as a resource for high-throughput gene discovery in an alternative barley germplasm. Pilot screening demonstrated a similar or even slightly higher mutation frequency when compared to previously published barley TILLING populations that should allow for the identification of diverse allelic variation. Partial phenotypic evaluation of the M(2 )and M(3 )generations has revealed the presence of a wide spectrum of morphological diversity that highlights the great potential of this resource for use in forward genetic screens. Altogether, our study shows the efficiency of screening and the applicability of the new TILLING population for genetic studies in the barley crop model system.
Application of water-soluble contrast enhancing material to <i>g</i>-line lithography (1988)

In this paper, we report the application of contrast enhanced lithography to g-line (436 nm) lithography using our new water-soluble contrast enhancing material, named WSP (water-soluble photopolymer). It has been found that the WSP is effectively utilized about resist pattern profile, resolution, and pattern width control for exposure energy, depth of focus, mask linearity. By use of WSP, submicron lithography has been successfully attained without decrease of throughput and complexity.
Phase Separation Phenomena and Viscosity Enhancements in Aqueous Mixtures of Poly(styrenesulfonate) with Poly(acrylic acid) at Different Degrees of Neutralization (1995)

Interactions between poly(styrenesu1fonate) (PSS) and poly(acry1ic acid) (PA) in aqueous solution have been studied, with and without added salt, and at various degrees of neutralization (a) of PA. Equilibrium phase diagrams have been determined, and the viscosities of monophasic mixtures have been measured. Both types of experiments reveal striking effects of a on the PA-PSS interactions. Salt-free mixtures with fully or partially neutralized poly(acry1ic acid) phase separate segregatively, except at very low a where, instead, an association between PA and PSS occurs. The association is evidenced by a dramatically increased viscosity, relative to solutions of PA or PSS alone, in semidilute mixtures. Addition of salt (1 M NaC1) results in an increased two-phase area at all a, and in the appearance of an associative phase separation for non-neutralized PA. The qualitative phase behavior observed in the presence of salt can be generated by calculations using the Flory-Huggins theory, if it is assumed that both the PSS-PA and the PA-solvent interactions change monotonically with a in a specified fashion. All experimental observations, and the theoretical modeling, suggest that the effective PA-PSS interaction changes (over a narrow interval of a) from an attraction at very low a to a repulsion at higher a.
Joint estimation of tissue types and linear attenuation coefficients for photon counting CT (2015)

The proposed method makes it possible not only to identify tissue types more accurately but also to reconstruct CT images with decreased noise and enhanced sharpness owing to the information about the tissue types.
Preparation and topotactical oxidation of ScVO<sub>3</sub>with bixbyte structure: a low-temperature route to stabilize the new defect fluorite ScVO<sub>3.5</sub>metastable phase (2004)

ScVO3 has been prepared by controlled reduction of a ScVO4 precursor under an H2/N2 flow at 1250 degrees C. The crystal structure of this material has been studied at room temperature by Rietveld refinement of high-resolution neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data. Sc3+ and V3+ are distributed at random over the metal sites of a C-M2O3 bixbyite-type structure, space group Ia3, a = 9.6182(1) Angstroms. The thermal analysis of ScVO3 in an air flow shows two subsequent oxidation processes, with a final reversal to ScVO4 above 600 degrees C. An intermediate phase of composition ScVO(3.5), containing V4+ cations, can be isolated by isothermal annealing at 350 degrees C in air. This metastable phase has been identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) as a fluorite-type oxide (space group Fm3m, a = 4.947(2) Angstroms), also showing a random distribution of Sc and V cations over the metal positions. The Rietveld refinement of the ScVO(3.5) structure from powder XRD data in a fluorite structural model yields abnormally high thermal factors for the oxygen atoms, suggesting oxygen mobility in this metastable material.
Axisymmetric wave propagation in fluid-loaded cylindrical shells. I: Theory (1992)

An analysis is carried out of axisymmetric waves propagating along fluid-loaded cylindrical shells within the framework of linear elasticity and classical perfect-slip boundary conditions at the solid–fluid interface. Numerical solutions are obtained for various axisymmetric eigenmodes for a cylindrical shell in vacuum; a cylindrical shell surrounded by a liquid of infinite radial extent; a hypothetical liquid column with both the stress-free and displacement-free boundary conditions; a cylindrical shell with a liquid core; and a cylindrical shell immersed in an infinite liquid. Numerical results are obtained for both the radiating (leaky) and nonradiating eigenmodes of the system by a careful search of the complex eigenfrequencies of the associated boundary value problem. In particular, attenuation of leaky modes due to radiation of energy into the surrounding medium is expressed in terms of the imaginary part of the eigenfrequency. Computational results are presented for the dispersion curves as well as the displacement and stress amplitude component distributions along the radial direction for various propagating modes of the system. Practical benefits from such analyses are discussed.
Scalable Ad Hoc Networks for Arbitrary-Cast: Practical Broadcast-Relay Transmission Strategy Leveraging Physical-Layer Network Coding (2008)

The capacity of wireless ad hoc networks is constrained by the interference of concurrent transmissions among nodes. Instead of only trying to avoid the interference, physical-layer network coding (PNC) is a new approach that embraces the interference initiatively. We employ a network form of interference cancellation, with the PNC approach, and propose the multihop, broadcast-relay transmission strategy in linear, rectangular, and hexagonal networks. The theoretical analysis shows that it gains the transmission efficiency by the factors of 2.5 for the rectangular networks and 2 for the hexagonal networks. We also propose a practical signal recovery algorithm in the physical layer to deal with the influence of multipath fading channels and time synchronization errors, as well as to use media access control (MAC) protocols that support the simultaneous receptions. This transmission strategy obtains the same efficiency from one-to-one communication to one-to-many. By our approach, the number of the users/terminals of the network has better scalability, and the overall network throughput is improved.
Nursing's role in IT projects (2012)

Susan M. Houston is the chief of Portfolio Management at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center in Bethesda, Md. This article was written as an outside activity and not official duty. Susan Houston contributed to this article in her personal capacity. The views expressed are her own and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institutes of Health or the United States Government. The author has disclosed that she has no financi al relationships related to this article.
A Novel, Highly Linear, Voltage and Temperature Independent Sensor Interface using Pulse Width Modulation (2012)

A sensor interface based on a ring oscillator is presented. By using the output of a differential sensor to simultaneously increase and decrease the delay of 4 of the 8 stages, a Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signal can be obtained at the output. The duty cycle of the digital PWM signal is a measure for the sensor value. Since the duty cycle only relies on the ratio of the stage delays and not on the frequency, it does not suffer from temperature or supply voltage changes. A 130 nm CMOS oscillator and output stage was designed to prove the principle. Simulations show a maximum nonlinearity of only 0.07% over a voltage span of 0.9-1.6 V for a +/-25% sensor output. The maximum nonlinearity over a -40 to 120 °C temperature span is 0.19%. The maximum error over the supply voltage and temperature span is below 1.2%.