gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequences within the VP6 molecule of bluetongue virus that determine cytoplasmic and nuclear targeting of the protein (1996)

Genome segment 9 of bluetongue virus serotype 10 encodes the minor protein VP6. The protein is abundant with basic residues particularly in two regions of the carboxy half of the molecule. A series of amino- and carboxy-terminal deletion mutants was expressed in mammalian cells by using a vaccinia virus T7 polymerase-driven transient expression system, and the intracellular fate of the products was monitored by both immunofluorescence staining and cell fractionation techniques. Data obtained indicated clearly that VP6 has nuclear transportation signals which may be correlated with positively charged domains of the molecule. In the intact molecule, though, these signals are masked and the protein is retained in the cytoplasm. The biochemical and immunofluorescence data obtained indicate that sequences in the region of residues 33 to 80 of the 328-amino acid protein are required for the retention of VP6 within the cell cytoplasm while amino acids 303 to 308 in the carboxy-terminal half of the molecule appear to possess nuclear localization capabilities.
Computerized Decision Support for Concurrent Utilization Review Using the HELP System (1994)

ASSURE is a clinically useful tool for screening adult acute care patients for inappropriate days of care, and promises to make a major contribution to reducing health care costs. The prognosis for successful routine clinical use is good.
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Resource Multi-Machine Job Scheduling (2017)

Minimizing job scheduling time is a fundamental issue in data center networks that has been extensively studied in recent years. The incoming jobs require different CPU and memory units, and span different number of time slots. The traditional solution is to design efficient heuristic algorithms with performance guarantee under certain assumptions. In this paper, we improve a recently proposed job scheduling algorithm using deep reinforcement learning and extend it to multiple server clusters. Our study reveals that deep reinforcement learning method has the potential to outperform traditional resource allocation algorithms in a variety of complicated environments.
Sleep apnea, cardiac arrhythmias, and sudden death. (2011)

Normal physiologic sleep consists of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep, which alternate within sleep cycles of approximately 90 minutes in length. Non-REM sleep constitutes about three quarters of each 90-minute cycle and is characterized by increased parasympathetic tone and decreased sympathetic activity, which together decrease the heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output. On the other hand, REM sleep can be described as erratic, and it is characterized by irregular breathing patterns and varying heart rate.1,2 It constitutes the remaining quarter of each sleep cycle.
Individualized prediction of the sound pressure at the eardrum for an earpiece with integrated receivers and microphones (2019)

Future hearing systems and hearables will likely contain microphones and receivers in the ear canal. In order to predict the sound pressure at the eardrum in such a scenario, a one-dimensional electroacoustic model of a prototype open earpiece with integrated receivers and integrated microphones was developed. The model parameters were obtained in a training setup with well-defined loads at both sides of the earpiece. Subsequently, the prototype earpiece was put on individual subjects, and the model was then used to determine the acoustic impedance of the ear canal, which in turn was used to derive models of the individual ear canal and eardrum, by minimizing five types of cost functions and various parameters. Model predictions of the sound pressure at the individual eardrum were subsequently compared to probe-tube measurements in 12 human subjects. An analysis of the resulting errors led to identifying the best combination of cost function and associated parameters. This best combination resulted in an agreement between measurement and prediction of less than ±3 dB and ±20° up to 3 kHz and less than ±5 dB and ±30° up to 6-8 kHz, performing significantly better than both average transfer models and existing individualized predictions.
The clinical importance of visceral adiposity: a critical review of methods for visceral adipose tissue analysis (2011)

As a result of the rising epidemic of obesity, understanding body fat distribution and its clinical implications is critical to timely treatment. Visceral adipose tissue is a hormonally active component of total body fat, which possesses unique biochemical characteristics that influence several normal and pathological processes in the human body. Abnormally high deposition of visceral adipose tissue is known as visceral obesity. This body composition phenotype is associated with medical disorders such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and several malignancies including prostate, breast and colorectal cancers. Quantitative assessment of visceral obesity is important for evaluating the potential risk of development of these pathologies, as well as providing an accurate prognosis. This review aims to compare different methods of measuring visceral adiposity with emphasis on their advantages and drawbacks in clinical practice.
Proteolysis and lipid-facilitated translocation are distinct but competitive processes that regulate secretion of apolipoprotein B in Hep G2 cells. (1993)

Under lipid-poor conditions, most newly synthesized apolipoprotein B100 (apoB) undergoes rapid degradation in Hep G2 cells such that only a small fraction of newly synthesized apoB is actually secreted. Addition of oleate to Hep G2 culture medium stimulates apoB secretion by a post-translational mechanism. In the current studies we have explored oleate-stimulation of apoB secretion by using calpain inhibitor I, N-acetyl-leucyl-leucyl-norleucinal (ALLN), a compound that inhibits the intracellular degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and the T cell receptor alpha subunit. Preincubation of Hep G2 cells with ALLN (40 micrograms/ml) for 1 h markedly inhibited degradation of newly synthesized apoB. Whereas only 32% of newly labeled apoB remained intact (cells+medium) in control cells after a 10-min pulse with [3H]leucine followed by a 60-min chase, 84% of labeled apoB was intact in ALLN-treated cells. However, most of the ALLN-protected apoB remained intracellular, as ALLN did not stimulate the rate of apoB secretion over the control rate (12 versus 9.2%). Although secretion of apoB was not accelerated, the protection afforded by ALLN continued for several hours, and labeled apoB continued to be secreted over 3 h of chase after which secretion ceased. The protection afforded by ALLN resulted in 37% of labeled apoB secreted by 3 h compared to 15% in control cells. In contrast, simultaneous treatment of cells with ALLN and oleate both accelerated and increased total apoB secretion, such that 36% of initially labeled apoB was recovered in the medium by 60 min and 71% of labeled apoB was secreted by 180 min of chase. These data show that ALLN and oleate affect apoB metabolism by different mechanisms. Although ALLN can protect nascent apoB from rapid early intracellular degradation, it does not accelerate apoB secretion. In contrast, although our results can not rule out the possibility that oleate may directly inhibit proteolysis of apoB, oleate appears to protect apoB mainly by facilitating transport of apoB out of a protease-containing compartment associated with the endoplasmic reticulum.
Identity and Search in Social Networks (2002)

Social networks have the surprising property of being "searchable": Ordinary people are capable of directing messages through their network of acquaintances to reach a specific but distant target person in only a few steps. We present a model that offers an explanation of social network searchability in terms of recognizable personal identities: sets of characteristics measured along a number of social dimensions. Our model defines a class of searchable networks and a method for searching them that may be applicable to many network search problems, including the location of data files in peer-to-peer networks, pages on the World Wide Web, and information in distributed databases.
Variable Anisotropic Brain Electrical Conductivities in Epileptogenic Foci (2010)

Source localization models assume brain electrical conductivities are isotropic at about 0.33 S/m. These assumptions have not been confirmed ex vivo in humans. This study determined bidirectional electrical conductivities from pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. Electrical conductivities perpendicular and parallel to the pial surface of neocortex and subcortical white matter (n = 15) were measured using the 4-electrode technique and compared with clinical variables. Mean (+/-SD) electrical conductivities were 0.10 +/- 0.01 S/m, and varied by 243% from patient to patient. Perpendicular and parallel conductivities differed by 45%, and the larger values were perpendicular to the pial surface in 47% and parallel in 40% of patients. A perpendicular principal axis was associated with normal, while isotropy and parallel principal axes were linked with epileptogenic lesions by MRI. Electrical conductivities were decreased in patients with cortical dysplasia compared with non-dysplasia etiologies. The electrical conductivity values of freshly excised human brain tissues were approximately 30% of assumed values, varied by over 200% from patient to patient, and had erratic anisotropic and isotropic shapes if the MRI showed a lesion. Understanding brain electrical conductivity and ways to non-invasively measure them are probably necessary to enhance the ability to localize EEG sources from epilepsy surgery patients.
Replication and Compression of Surface Structures with Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReplication and Compression of Surface Structures with Polydimethylsiloxane ElastomerGeorge C. Lisensky, Dean J. Campbell, Katie J. Beckman, Camilo E. Calderon, Patrick W. Doolan, Rebecca M. Ottosen, and Arthur B. EllisView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Beloit College, Beloit, WI 53511 Department of Chemistry, Bradley University, Peoria, IL 61625 Department of Chemistry, Unviersity of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 4, 537Publication Date (Web):April 1, 1999Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1999Published inissue 1 April 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/ed076p537Copyright © 2017 RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2473Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (748 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Compression,Elastomers,Genetics,Silicones,Surface structures Get e-Alerts
5G: The Convergence of Wireless Communications (2015)

As the rollout of 4G mobile communication networks takes place, representatives of industry and academia have started to look into the technological developments toward the next generation (5G). Several research projects involving key international mobile network operators, infrastructure manufacturers, and academic institutions, have been launched recently to set the technological foundations of 5G. However, the architecture of future 5G systems, their performance, and mobile services to be provided have not been clearly defined. In this paper, we put forth the vision for 5G as the convergence of evolved versions of current cellular networks with other complementary radio access technologies. Therefore, 5G may not be a single radio access interface but rather a "network of networks". Evidently, the seamless integration of a variety of air interfaces, protocols, and frequency bands, requires paradigm shifts in the way networks cooperate and complement each other to deliver data rates of several Gigabits per second with end-to-end latency of a few milliseconds. We provide an overview of the key radio technologies that will play a key role in the realization of this vision for the next generation of mobile communication networks. We also introduce some of the research challenges that need to be addressed.
Design of Large-Scale Separation Systems for Positive and Negative Immunomagnetic Selection of Cells Using Superparamagnetic Microspheres (1992)

The ex vivo selective separation of cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell preparations is increasingly used as an adjunct to hematopoietic rescue following high-dose therapy for refractory cancer. Immunomagnetic separation, in which the target cells are identified using monoclonal antibodies and separated by attachment to paramagnetic particles and passage through a magnetic field, is widely used for both negative and positive cell selection. In this paper, we discuss the factors that should be considered when developing a magnetic separation device for purging tumor cells and selecting stem cells from bone marrow using superparamagnetic microspheres.
Selective Primary Health Care: Strategies for Control of Disease in the Developing World. XXI. Acute Respiratory Infections (1985)

Acute respiratory infections represent an important cause of mortality in developing countries, especially among malnourished infants. The microbial etiologies are numerous and complex. Since vaccines effective against the likely major pathogens in the youngest children are not available, the acute respiratory infection control programs designed by the World Health Organization are based on simple schemes to classify illness according to severity and to treat bacterial infections early, thus preventing severe complications. These programs require careful planning to anticipate and circumvent local problems, and their efficacy should be monitored with care. In addition, research is needed in many areas: definition of the spectrum of organisms involved and the pathogenesis of severe infection; delineation of markers that will accurately identify patients needing antibiotics or hospitalization; performance of controlled trials of intervention strategies that will unequivocally identify effective methods; design and production of new, simple, and inexpensive diagnostic tools; and development of vaccines that will be effective in the target populations.
MRI after removal of central venous access device reveals a high number of asymptomatic thromboses in children with haemophilia (2011)

Summary. Central venous access devices (CVADs) are often required in children with haemophilia to secure venous access for prophylactic treatment or immune tolerance therapy. Complications of CVADs include infections, thrombosis and mechanical problems. This study sought to determine the outcome of the vessels by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with haemophilia and to assess risk factors for development of catheter‐related deep venous thrombosis (DVT). After the removal of CVAD an MRI of the chest and neck was performed to 20 boys with haemophilia who each had 1–3 (total number 27) CVADs placed. MRI revealed DVT in five children (25%). As their CVADs were functional at the time of the removal, the DVTs were clinically silent. However, there had been suspicion of DVT leading to replacement of the CVAD in one case. All the children with DVT had their CVADs inserted initially below the age of 1 year. The clinical signs of mild post‐thrombotic syndrome (PTS) were common: dilated chest wall veins were observed in 11 (55%) children and were associated with DVT in three cases. Arm circumference discrepancy was observed in one child with DVT. No correlation between the duration or number of CVADs and DVT was detected. None of the patients had subjective symptoms of PTS. Silent DVT is a common complication of CVAD. Catheter insertion at a young age seems to predispose to thrombosis. The long‐term consequences of the DVTs remain unknown.
Assessment of Disintegration and Dissolution of Dosage Forms In Vivo Using Gamma Scintigraphy (1988)

The measurements of the in vitro rate of disintegration and dissolution of dosage forms are considered to be the most available predictors of the behaviour of dosage forms and the plasma concentration - time profile. However, the interaction of the formulation with physiological processes has shown that prediction of bioavailability by such simple tests is inadequate and has highlighted the need to establish methodology which would enable the determination of in vivo rates of dissolution and disintegration. Over the past ten years, the technique of gamma scintigraphy has made a significant contribution to the understanding of the behaviour of formulations in the body. This review provides an overview of the technique and its advantages and limitations in pharmaceutical research, together with illustrations showing some of the applications in the measurement of disintegration and dissolution of dosage forms.
ChemInform Abstract: Addition Reactions of Acetylenic Esters Upon 1‐(2‐Thienyl)‐ and 1‐(3‐ Thienyl)‐ethanone Oximes and Upon 6,7‐Dihydrobenzo(b)thiophen‐4(5H)‐ one and 5,6‐Dihydrobenzo(b)thiophen‐7(4H)‐one Oximes. Formation of 2‐( Thienyl)pyrroles and 4,5‐Dihydro‐1H‐thieno(g)indoles. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inversion of Complex Valued Neural Networks Using Complex Back-propagation Algorithm (2009)

This paper presents the inversion of complex valued neural networks. Inversion means predicting the inputs for given output. We have tried inversion of complex valued neural network using complex back-propagation algorithm. We have used split sigmoid activation function both for training and inversion of neural network to overcome the problem of singularities. Since inversion is a one to many mapping, means for a given output there are number of possible combinations of inputs. So in order to get the inputs in the desired range conditional constraints are applied to inputs. Simulation on benchmark complex valued problems support the investigation. numerous solutions. This method results in population of initial points in the search space at a time and new points are generated in the input space to replace existing points so as to explore all the solutions. Single element search method for inversion of real valued neural network was first introduced by Williams (2) and then Kinderman and Linden (3). They used this to extract codebook vectors for digits. This method of inversion involves two main steps: first training the network and the second step is inversion. During the training neural network is trained to learn a mapping from input to output with the help of training data. The weights are the free parameters and by finding the proper set by minimizing some error criterion, neural network learns a functional relationship between the inputs and the outputs. All the weights are fixed after training of neural network. After training, the network is initialized with a random input vector. Output is calculated, compared with the given output. Error is calculated. This error is back propagated to minimize the error function and the input vector is updated. This iterative process continues till the error is less than the minimum set value. Eberhart and Dobbins (4) applied it to invert the trained real valued neural network for the diagnosis of appendicitis. Jordan and Rumelhart (5) have proposed a method to invert the feed forward real valued neural network. They tried to solve the inverse kinematics problems for redundant manipulators. There approach is a two-stage procedure. In the first stage, a network is trained to approximate the forward mapping. In the second stage, a particular inverse solution is obtained by connecting another network with the previously trained network in series and learning an identity mapping across the composite network. Behera, Gopal, Chaudhary (6) used real valued neural network inversion in the control of multilink robot manipulators. They have developed an inversion algorithm for inverting radial basis function (RBS) neural networks which is based on an extended Kalman filter. Bio- Liang Lu, Hajime, and Nishikawa (7) have formulated the inversion problem as a nonlinear programming problem and a separable programming problem or a linear programming problem according to the architectures of the real valued network to be inverted.
Comparison of a Regulated Delayed Antigen Synthesis System with<i>In Vivo</i>-Inducible Promoters for Antigen Delivery by Live Attenuated<i>Salmonella</i>Vaccines (2010)

Induction of strong immune responses against a vectored antigen in hosts immunized with live attenuated Salmonella vaccines is related in part to the amount of antigen delivered and the overall fitness of the Salmonella vector in relation to its ability to stimulate the host immune system. Constitutive high-level antigen synthesis causes a metabolic burden to the vaccine vector strain that can reduce the vaccine strain's ability to interact with host lymphoid tissues, resulting in a compromised immune response. A solution to this problem is the use of systems that regulate antigen gene expression, permitting high levels of antigen synthesis only after the vaccine strain has reached its target tissues. In vivo-inducible promoters (IVIPs) are often used to accomplish this. We recently developed an alternative strategy, a regulated delayed antigen synthesis (RDAS) system, in which the LacI-repressible P(trc) promoter controls antigen gene expression by adding arabinose. In this paper, we compared the RDAS system with two commonly used IVIPs, P(ssaG) and P(pagC). Three nearly identical plasmids, differing only in the promoter used to direct transcription of the pneumococcal pspA gene, P(trc), P(ssaG), or P(pagC), were constructed and introduced into isogenic Salmonella vaccine strains with or without arabinose-inducible LacI synthesis. Mice immunized with the RDAS strain developed slightly higher titers of mucosal and serum anti-PspA antibodies than P(pagC)-immunized mice, while titers in mice immunized with the P(ssaG) strain were 100-fold lower. Both the RDAS and P(pagC) strains conferred similar levels of protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae challenge, significantly greater than those for the P(ssaG) strain or controls. Thus, RDAS provides another choice for inclusion in the live vaccine design to increase immunogenicity.
UHF Electrically Small Box Cage Loop Antenna With an Embedded Non-Foster Load (2014)

Traditional impedance-matching methods typically employ matching networks at the antenna input terminals. Alternatively, the antenna may be embedded with a non-Foster load to enhance the radiation bandwidth. This method is demonstrated here with the design of an electrically small box cage loop antenna (ka ~ 0.37). Simulated results using ideal non-Foster components are compared against a negative impedance converter (NIC) circuit realization. These results show that the VSWR bandwidth is improved 8 × by using the NIC circuit. Simulated radiation efficiencies are also presented for the first time.