gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a New Intraocular Irrigating Solution Containing Dextran on Rabbit Corneal Endothelium (1985)

This study investigated the effect of a balanced salt solution for intraocular irrigation containing 2% dextran 40. The effect of this solution was compared to that of a normal saline solution (0.9%) and balanced salt solution (Alcon). Following incubation of rabbit corneas for up to 72 h at 4 degrees C, the incubated corneas were studied by staining with Nitroblue Tetrazolium and by scanning electron microscopy. Insignificant changes occurred during the first 24 h of incubation. However, corneas stored in the dextran containing solution showed slightly smaller endothelial cells with tight junctions after 72 h. Endothelial cells showed progressive membrane rupture and eventual disappearance when incubated in normal saline for over 24 h at 4 degrees C.
High performance connected digit recognition using hidden Markov models (1989)

The authors use an enhanced analysis feature set consisting of both instantaneous and transitional spectral information and test the hidden-Markov-model (HMM)-based connected-digit recognizer in speaker-trained, multispeaker, and speaker-independent modes. For the evaluation, both a 50-talker connected-digit database recorded over local, dialed-up telephone lines, and the Texas Instruments, 225-adult-talker, connected-digits database are used. Using these databases, the performance achieved was 0.35, 1.65, and 1.75% string error rates for known-length strings, for speaker-trained, multispeaker, and speaker-independent modes, respectively, and 0.78, 2.85, and 2.94% string error rates for unknown-length strings of up to seven digits in length for the three modes. Several experiments were carried out to determine the best set of conditions (e.g., training, recognition, parameters, etc.) for recognition of digits. The results and the interpretation of these experiments are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Human Synaptotagmin IV Gene Defines an Evolutionary Break Point between Syntenic Mouse and Human Chromosome Regions but Retains Ligand Inducibility and Tissue Specificity (2000)

Rat synaptotagmin IV (SYT IV) is a depolarization-inducible synaptic vesicle protein. SYT IV homozygous mutant mice are viable and have deficits in fine motor coordination and some forms of memory. In this study, we report the identification of a human SYT IV orthologue. The predicted amino acid sequence of the human SYT IV clone is nearly 90% identical to the rat and mouse SYT IV proteins. In addition, human SYT IV has a characteristic serine for aspartate substitution within the first C2 domain that is conserved among Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse, and rat SYT IV sequences. The human SYT IV gene maps to chromosome band 18q12.3, a region that defines a break point in the synteny with mouse chromosome 18 and has been implicated by associated markers in two human psychiatric disorders. In the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH, SYT IV is an immediate-early gene inducible by elevated intracellular calcium and by forskolin, an activator of adenylyl cyclase. Expression of human SYT IV mRNA is restricted to brain and is not detectable in non-neuronal tissues. Within brain, human SYT IV mRNA is most highly expressed in hippocampus, with lower levels present in amygdala and thalamus. These results suggest a role for SYT IV in human brain function and in human neurological disease.
EW, a novel recombinant analogue of exendin-4 expressed in Escherichia coli (2011)

Exendin-4 is a 39-amino acid peptide isolated from the salivary secretion of the Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum). Exendin-4 is a potent and long-acting agonist of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor. But the chemical synthesis of Exendin-4 is costly and Exendin-4 itself is of high immunogenicity. In the present study, a 32-amino acid analogue of Exendin-4, EW, was designed and the EW gene was obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a trypsin site at N-terminus and a termination codon at C- terminus. EW was highly expressed in tandem in Escherichia coli strain JM109. The inclusion bodies were purified and recombinant EW was obtained by trypsin cleavage of the fusion protein followed by purification. The yielding recombinant EW was 200 to 250 mg/litre broth. The obtained recombinant EW shows a glucose-lowering effect in vivo which was identical to Exendin-4 in potency and duration. The analogue EW is a promising anti-diabetic agent and can be commercially produced by genetic engineering.

	 

	Key words: Exendin-4 analogue, expression, purification, glucose-lowering effect.
Sequential expression and differential function of multiple adhesion molecules during the formation of cerebellar cortical layers. (1987)

We have correlated the times of appearance of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), the neuron-glia cell adhesion molecule (Ng-CAM), and the extracellular matrix protein, cytotactin, during the development of the chicken cerebellar cortex, and have shown that these molecules make different functional contributions to granule cell migration. Immunofluorescent staining showed distinct spatiotemporal expression sequences for each adhesion molecule. N-CAM was present at all times in all layers. However, the large cytoplasmic domain polypeptide of N-CAM was always absent from the external granular layer and was enriched in the molecular layer as development proceeded. Ng-CAM began to be expressed in the premigratory granule cells just before migration and later disappeared from cell bodies but remained on parallel fibers. Cytotactin, which is synthesized by glia and not by neurons, appeared first in a speckled pattern within the external granular layer and later appeared in a continuous pattern along the Bergmann glia; it was also enriched in the molecular layer. After we established their order of appearance, we tested the separate functions of these adhesion molecules in granule cell migration by adding specific antibodies against each molecule to cerebellar explant cultures that had been labeled with tritiated thymidine and then measuring the differential distribution of labeled cells in the forming layers. Anti-N-CAM showed marginal effects. In contrast, anti-Ng-CAM arrested most cells in the external granular layer, while anti-cytotactin arrested most cells in the molecular layer. Time course analyses combined with sequential addition of different antibodies in different orders showed that anti-Ng-CAM had a major effect in the early period (first 36 h in culture) and a lesser effect in the second part of the culture period, while anti-cytotactin had essentially no effect at the earlier time but had major effects at a later period (18-72 h in culture). The two major stages of cerebellar granule cell migration thus appear to be differentially affected by distinct adhesion molecules of different cellular origins, binding mechanisms, and overall distributions. The results indicated that local cell surface modulation of adhesion molecules of different specificities at defined stages and sites is essential to the formation of cerebellar cortical layers.
Regulatory Roles of the GacS/GacA Two-Component System in Plant-Associated and Other Gram-Negative Bacteria (2001)

The sensor kinase GacS and the response regulator GacA are members of a two-component system that is present in a wide variety of gram-negative bacteria and has been studied mainly in enteric bacteria and fluorescent pseudomonads. The GacS/GacA system controls the production of secondary metabolites and extracellular enzymes involved in pathogenicity to plants and animals, biocontrol of soilborne plant diseases, ecological fitness, or tolerance to stress. A current model proposes that GacS senses a still-unknown signal and activates, via a phosphorelay mechanism, the GacA transcription regulator, which in turn triggers the expression of target genes. The GacS protein belongs to the unorthodox sensor kinases, characterized by an autophosphorylation, a receiver, and an output domain. The periplasmic loop domain of GacS is poorly conserved in diverse bacteria. Thus, a common signal interacting with this domain would be unexpected. Based on a comparison with the transcriptional regulator NarL, a secondary structure can be predicted for the GacA sensor kinases. Certain genes whose expression is regulated by the GacS/GacA system are regulated in parallel by the small RNA binding protein RsmA (CsrA) at a posttranscriptional level. It is suggested that the GacS/GacA system operates a switch between primary and secondary metabolism, with a major involvement of posttranscriptional control mechanisms.
A Secreted Soluble Form of LR11, Specifically Expressed in Intimal Smooth Muscle Cells, Accelerates Formation of Lipid-Laden Macrophages (2007)

SolLR11, secreted from intimal SMCs, regulates adhesion, migration, and lipid accumulation in macrophages through activation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. The formation of lipid-laden macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques possibly is regulated by SolLR11 of intimal SMCs.
Coenzyme Q0 induces apoptosis and modulates the cell cycle in estrogen receptor negative breast cancer cells (2008)

We postulated that methoxy-substituted cyclic compounds could inhibit estrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer growth in vitro. Therefore, this study assessed the cytotoxic potential of various methoxy-substituted cyclic compounds [7,8-dimethoxyflavone, 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid, 2-methoxyphenylacetic acid, 4-methoxybenzophenone, 5-methoxy-1-indanone, and coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0)] toward ER-negative human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and SKBr3). Cytotoxicity was assessed using the sulforhodamine B assay. CoQ0 demonstrated the strongest cytotoxicity toward MDA-MB-231 and SKBr3 cells with IC50 values of 1.7 micromol/l and 3.1 micromol/l, respectively, whereas the other compounds were either much less potent or completely lacked cytotoxicity toward both breast cancer cell lines. Therefore, only CoQ0 was examined for its ability to modulate cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis. Cell cycle experiments, using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry, demonstrated that CoQ0 at 7.5 micromol/l increased the proportion of MDA-MB-231 cells in G1/G0-phase by 16.6+/-0.6% of control (P<0.05), and increased in the proportion of S-phase SKBr3 cells by 37.8+/-5.8% over control (P<0.05). Induction of apoptosis was determined using propidium iodide/Annexin-V-FLUOS staining followed by flow cytometry. The results demonstrated that treatment with CoQ0 (7.5 micromol/l) increased the proportion of apoptotic MDA-MB-231 and SKBr3 cells by 12-fold and 4-fold over control (P<0.05), respectively. Thus, CoQ0 is a potent cytotoxic drug that induces apoptosis and modulates cell cycle progression in ER-negative breast cancer cells. Therefore, CoQ0 is an appropriate candidate for further study and development as a potential drug for ER-negative breast cancer.
Low cost video endoscopes with simplified integration (2010)

The availability of miniature imagers enables endoscopic systems with simplified integration. Here, the optical elements together with the imager are located at the distal end of these so called video endoscopes. The overall system can be flexible since no relaying optics is required in order to image the object at a remote position. Compared to conventional flexible systems based on light guiding fiber bundles, higher spatial resolutions can be achieved due to the ever decreasing pixel size in CMOS imager fabrication technology. We propose system designs and prototypes for f/4, 3mm outer diameter endoscopes with 70° and 110° field of view using a CMOS imager with 650x650 pixels of 2.8μm pitch. The systems are based on a simplified and rugged integration using a single polymer lens made by injection molding, a GRIN lens and a dispensed lens made of UV curing material allowing for high performance paired with low fabrication cost allowing for the usage as a disposable unit. Additionally, a side view system angled at 30° is presented based on a tilting reflection prism requiring minimum construction space allowing for an outer diameter of 3mm.
Overview of Protein Purification and Characterization (1995)

This insightful overview by one of the most respected names in protein research discusses a broad array of the aspects involved with protein purification, including historical background, determining the purpose for purifying a particular protein, and actual methods and recommendations for purification procedures. Also covered are methods of analysis and detection, and techniques for characterizing a purified protein. Finally, a useful discussion of the equipment needed in a protein purification lab is provided.
Transmission electron microscopy study of hydrogen defect formation at extended defects in hydrogen plasma treated multicrystalline silicon (2009)

Hydrogenation of multicrystalline silicon for solar cell applications is considered to be an effective method of increasing the lifetime by passivating defects and impurities. Hydrogen plasma treated as-cut and chemically etched multicrystalline silicon samples have been studied by electron microscopy in order to investigate hydrogen defect formation at extended bulk defects. In chemically etched samples, the texture of the surface after hydrogen plasma treatment differs between different grains depending on grain orientation. In as-cut samples, hydrogen induced defects are formed on sawing defects that extend up to ∼5 μm below the Si surface. Intragranular defects are also observed in the ∼1 μm subsurface region. The density of defects is higher in as-cut samples than in chemically etched samples and the size of the defects increases with depth. Hydrogen induced structural defects on bulk dislocations and on dislocations in twin grain boundaries and stacking faults are found several microns below the sample surface. It is concluded that (i) the passivation efficiency of multicrystalline silicon substrates after H plasma treatment can be limited by the formation of hydrogen induced structural defects and that (ii) such defects can be used to getter unwanted impurities upon high temperature processing of the Si wafers.
Improving online performance diagnosis by the use of historical performance data (1999)

Article Improving online performance diagnosis by the use of historical performance data Share on Authors: Karen L. Karavanic Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WIView Profile , Barton P. Miller Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WIView Profile Authors Info & Claims SC '99: Proceedings of the 1999 ACM/IEEE conference on SupercomputingJanuary 1999 Pages 42–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/331532.331574Online:01 January 1999Publication History 21citation259DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations21Total Downloads259Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Classification of Ortho‐mode transducers (1991)

Abstract This paper presents a classification of ortho‐mode transducers (OMTs). The OMTs are classified into five main groups. The first four contain OMTs based on waveguide‐to‐waveguide transitions. The basis for this classification is symmetrical properties which affect both the isolation and the matching capacities. A systematic analysis of the generation of symmetrical and odd symmetrical higher‐order modes including their influence on the isolation and matching conditions is also included. The last group of OMTs consists of devices with waveguide‐to‐coax transitions. These are denoted hybrid OMTs.
A Crosscorrelation Method for Measuring the Impulse Response of Reactor Systems (1961)

A crosscorrelation method for the study of the small signal response of nuclear reactor systems is presented. The technique and equipment necessary for the implementation of the method are discussed. Results from experiments performed on the Godiva and Kiwi-A3 reactors are reported.Experiments have shown that the method and the technique give very satisfactory results under adverse experimental conditions.
Exploiting Consistency Among Heterogeneous Sensors for Vehicle Anomaly Detection (2017)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Modern vehicles house many advanced components; sensors and Electronic Control Units (ECUs) — now numbering in the 100s. These components provide various advanced safety, comfort and infotainment features, but they also introduce additional attack vectors for malicious entities. Attackers can compromise one or more of these sensors and flood the vehicle’s internal network with fake sensor values. Falsified sensor values can confuse the driver, and even cause the vehicle to misbehave. Redundancy can be used to address compromised sensors, but adding redundant sensors will increase the cost per vehicle and is therefore less attractive.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">To balance the need for security and cost-efficiency, we exploit the natural redundancy found in vehicles. Natural redundancy occurs when the same physical phenomenon causes symptoms in multiple sensors. For instance, pressing the accelerator pedal will cause the engine to pump faster and increase the speed of the vehicle. Engine RPM and vehicle speed are multiple sensors which respond in a related fashion to the same cause of the accelerator pedal. The challenge is identifying the relationship between similar but different sensors under normal operation and detecting anomalous be-havior accurately.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper, we develop the tools to capture the relationship between sensors. Specifically, we use the pairwise correlation between key variables, and use cluster-analysis to identify distinct behavior of drivers. Moreover, we show preliminary results of using these tools to detect attacks within a vehicular communication bus.</div></div>
A two magnetron sputter deposition chamber for <i>in situ</i> observation of thin film growth by synchrotron radiation scattering (2001)

The design of a sputter deposition chamber for the in situ study of film growth by synchrotron x-ray diffraction and reflectivity is reported. Four x-ray windows, sealed with low cost, nonhazardous Kapton, enable scattering both in the horizontal as well as in the vertical scattering planes. The chamber fits into a standard six-circle goniometer from Huber which is relatively widespread in synchrotron laboratories. Two miniature magnetron and additional gas inlets allow for the deposition of compound films or multilayers. Substrate heating up to 650 °C and different substrate bias voltage are possible. The performance of the chamber was tested with the deposition of high quality TiN films of different thicknesses.
High Contrast in a Polyetalon Fabry-Perot Spectrometer (1968)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Mark Daehler and F. L. Roesler, "High Contrast in a Polyetalon Fabry-Perot Spectrometer," Appl. Opt. 7, 1240-1241 (1968) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Mining User Dwell Time for Personalized Web Search Re-Ranking (2012)

We propose a personalized re-ranking algorithm through mining user dwell times derived from a user's previously online reading or browsing activities.We acquire document level user dwell times via a customized web browser, from which we then infer concept word level user dwell times in order to understand a user's personal interest.According to the estimated concept word level user dwell times, our algorithm can estimate a user's potential dwell time over a new document, based on which personalized webpage re-ranking can be carried out.We compare the rankings produced by our algorithm with rankings generated by popular commercial search engines and a recently proposed personalized ranking algorithm.The results clearly show the superiority of our method. 1
Pathways of glyceride glycerol synthesis (1974)

Isolated rat liver parenchymal cells were incubated for various periods with [U-(14)C,2-(3)H]glycerol and the radioisotopic yields in the major products were determined, as well as the (3)H/(14)C ratios in glyceride glycerol and intracellular glycerol phosphate. Under the conditions used (0.1mm-glycerol+10mm-l-lactate or 10mm-glycerol as substrates), only small differences were found between these (3)H/(14)C ratios. The results suggest a minor role for a pathway of glyceride glycerol synthesis involving reduction of acylated dihydroxyacetone phosphate, under these experimental conditions.
Mechanism of action of Moloney murine leukemia virus RNA-directed DNA polymerase associated RNase H (RNase H I) (1981)

The mechanism of action of the ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity associated with Moloney murine leukemia virus RNA-directed DNA polymerase (RNase H I) and the two-subunit (alpha beta) form of avian myeloblastosis virus DNA polymerase were compared by utilizing the model substrate (A)n.(dT)n and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 7 M urea to analyze digestion products. Examination on 25% polyacrylamide gels revealed that a larger proportion of the RNase H I oligonucleotide products generated by limited digestion of [3H](A)(1100).(dT)n were acid insoluble (15-26 nucleotides long) than acid soluble (less than 15 nucleotides long), while the opposite was true for products generated by alpha beta RNase H. RNase H I was capable of attacking RNA in RNA.DNA in the 5' to 3' and 3' to 5' directions, as demonstrated by the use of [3H,3'- or 5'-32P](A)(380).(dT)n and cellulose--[3H](A)n.(dT)n. Both RNase H I and alpha beta RNase H degraded [3H]-(A)n.(dT)n with a partially processive mechanism, based upon classical substrate competition experiments and analyses of the kinetics of degradation of [3H,3'- or 5'-32P](A)(380).(dT)n. That is, both enzymes remain bound to a RNA.DNA substrate through a finite number of hydrolytic events but dissociate before the RNA is completely degraded. Both RNase H I and alpha beta RNase H were capable of degrading [14C](A)n in [3H](C)n-[14C](A)n-[32P](dA)n.(dT)n, suggesting that retroviral RNase H is capable of removing the tRNA primer at the 5' terminus of minus strand DNA at the appropriate time during retroviral DNA synthesis in vitro.
WLAN technologies for mobile ad hoc networks (2005)

Focuses on two emerging technologies for constructing a mobile ad-hoc wireless local area network (WLAN): IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth. The IEEE 802.11 standard is a good platform to implement a single-hop ad-hoc network because of its extreme simplicity. Furthermore, multi-hop networks covering areas of several square kilometers could be built by exploiting the IEEE 802.11 technology. On smaller scales, technologies like Bluetooth can be exploited (perhaps in combination with the 802.11-type technology) to build ad-hoc wireless personal area networks (PANs), i.e. networks that connect devices placed inside a circle with radius of 10 meters. This paper presents, in a tutorial style, the architectures and protocols of IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth. In addition, a discussion on the performance of these two technologies is presented. Specifically, we focus on the medium access control (MAC) protocol adopted by the two technologies and we analyze both the protocol efficiency (channel utilization) and the response time.