gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vertically Integrated Three-Pole Filter/Antennas for Array Applications (2011)

Integration of high-quality (Q)-factor cavity filters with high-efficiency slot antennas for array applications is presented in this letter. This proposed integration technique exhibits near-zero transition loss between the filter and antenna, and therefore improves the total efficiency of the filter/antenna system. The filter and antenna are vertically integrated to reduce the footprint that is necessary for array applications. The fabricated filter/antenna unit cell has a center frequency of 10.07 GHz and a bandwidth of 5.5%. Using the proposed integrated filter/antenna structure, a 2 × 2 array is designed, fabricated, and measured. Very close agreement is found in between the measurement and simulation results in terms of reflection coefficient, gain, and radiation patterns. The approach demonstrated in this letter can be applied for filter/antennas with higher orders and at higher frequencies.
102 Measurement of Total Hemispherical Emittance of Glass Sheets by Transient Calorimetric Technique (2000)

By an improved transient calorimetric technique, total hemispherical emittance ε_h of glass sheets of borosilicate and fused silica has been measured. The temperature inside the glass-sheet specimen by the technique is analyzed, and it is confirmed that the effect of the temperature distribution inside the specimen on the measured ε_h is very little. Local total emittance ε_h on the specimen surface is also analytically obtained, and the effect of ε_h on the measured ε_h is examined.
Improvement of beef tenderness and quality traits with calcium chloride injection in beef loins 48 hours postmortem (1995)

Boneless strip loin subprimals (n = 24) were fabricated from 12 USDA Standard yield grade 2 carcasses at a commercial beef processing facility and processed 48 h postmortem to determine the effect of injection of 200 or 250 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution at 5% (wt/wt) on beef quality traits. One-third of the subprimal served as the control; the remaining portion was injected with either 200 or 250 mM CaCl2 at 5% (wt/wt). The CaCl2 concentration treatment was randomly assigned to strip loins fabricated from either the right or left side of the carcass. After 7 or 14 d of postmortem storage at 2 degrees C, 2.5-cm-thick steaks were cut from each control and treated portion of the subprimals and evaluated for Warner-Bratzler shear (WBS) force, retail display characteristics, Minolta colorimeter L*, a*, and b* values, and trained sensory panel ratings. Treatment of the muscle with 250 mM CaCl2 increased (P < .05) trained sensory panel tenderness and beef flavor scores, and both CaCl2 concentrations decreased WBS force values, when compared with the control. Scores for color, uniformity, and browning in the retail display case did not differ (P > .05) for the 200-mM treatment compared with the control. Scores for discoloration in the retail display decreased (P < .05) for all three-way interactions of CaCl2 concentration, aging time, and display time after d 2 (except 7-d control, which remained the same [P > .05] d 1 through 5). The L* values did not differ (P < .05) for interactions of CaCl2 concentration, x aging time, and retail display.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Citation-Enhanced Keyphrase Extraction from Research Papers: A Supervised Approach (2014)

Given the large amounts of online textual documents available these days, e.g., news articles, weblogs, and scientific papers, effective methods for extracting keyphrases, which provide a high-level topic description of a document, are greatly needed. In this paper, we propose a supervised model for keyphrase extraction from research papers, which are embedded in citation networks. To this end, we design novel features based on citation network information and use them in conjunction with traditional features for keyphrase extraction to obtain remarkable improvements in performance over strong baselines.
The direct electrochemical synthesis of some transition metal carboxylates (1987)

The transition metal carboxylates M(O 2 CR) n (M = Cr, R = C 2 H 5 , C 6 H 5 , n = 3; M = Mn, Fe, Ni, R = CH 3 , C 2 H 5 , C 6 H 5 , n-C 7 H 15 , n = 2, not all combinations) have been prepared by oxidising suitable metal anodes electrochemically in solutions of RCOOH in acetonitrile. With Co and Cu, a wide range of carboxylic acids (R = C 2 H 5 , c-C 3 H 5 , c-C 5 H 9 , C 6 H 5 , n-C 4 H 9 , n-C 7 H 15 , 2-ethylhexanoic, oleic, linoleic) has been used successfully to give M(O 2 CR) 2 . The advantages of the method are discussed. The preparation of Cu(O 2 CR) 2 involves the prior formation of CuO 2 CR at the anode, followed by oxidation by the solvent.
Measurement of heat transfer in micro-bridge heater (2000)

For the design of thermal sensor, heat transfer in a micro-bridge heater should be revealed. The power input is measured as a function of temperature rise both in air and in vacuum to separate the heat transfer through air. The ratio of the transfer through air to the other transfer is investigated as a function of the heating area. The result indicates that the transfer through air is proportional to the area, and the transfer though air on the beams is separated.
Online SOC Estimation of High-power Lithium-ion Batteries Used on HEVs (2006)

Battery management systems (BMS) in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) should be able to online estimate the present state of charge (SOC) of the battery pack accurately. In this paper, we proposed a SOC estimating method for battery packs based on the well-known extended Kalman filter (EKF). The underlying dynamic behavior of the battey pack was described by a model which was based on an equivalent circuit comprising of two capacitors and three resistors. Measurements of current and voltage in two different tests were applied to validate the proposed method. By comparing the SOC estimated by model based EKF to the SOC estimated by coulomb counting, we got the results showing that the methodologies we proposed were able to perform a good estimation of SOC of the battery pack. Moreover, a corresponding BMS including hardware and software based on our estimating method was designed.
Tip in Situ Chemical Modification and Its Effects on Tribological Measurements (1999)

In this paper, we present our experimental results on the process of the in situ chemical modification of the silicon nitride atomic force microscopy/frictional force microscopy tip by n-octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTE)/mica, OTE/SiO2, and SiO2. The modified tips have different friction and adhesion properties against mica reference samples compared to those before modification. The resultant tip modification depends not only on OTE self-assembled monolayer (SAM) but also on the substrates the OTE SAM is prepared on. In the case of OTE/mica, the friction of the modified tip against mica reference is greatly reduced; in the case of OTE/SiO2, the friction of the modified tip against mica reference is greatly increased. It is surprising that bare SiO2 can also chemically modify the Si3N4 tip to increase the friction against mica reference. In the case of OTE modification, it was found that the tips could be cleaned by repetitive friction scans on mica. However, a tip modified by SiO2 cannot be mechanically cleaned. Moreover, it was found that humidity and load could also affect the tip chemical modification. Our results are important for interpreting tribological data since the actual contact chemistry was often overlooked in the atomic force microscopy experiments in the past.
Effects of the novel thyroid hormone analogues, SKF L-94901, DIBIT, and 3'-AC-T2 on mitochondrial function. (1996)

The effects of L-T3 (3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine) and three novel analogues, SKF L-94901 (3,5-Dibromo-3'-pyridazinone-L-thyronine), Dibit (3,5-Dibromo-3'-isopropyl-L-thyronine), and 3'-Ac-T2(3'-Acetyl-3,5,-Diiodo-L-thyronine), on mitochondrial parameters were determined in hypothyroid rats. The parameters include the 24 hour hormone-induced changes in the bc1 complex and in the proton permeability of the mitochondrial inner membrane. The cardiac sparing analogue, SKF L-94901, had no effect on mitochondrial respiration or proton permeability; but the analogue did increase a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity, mitochondrial ubiquinone content, and altered the bypass respiration in the bc1 complex. Dibit also did not increase respiration significantly but did change the other parameters. 3'-Ac-T2 increased respiration, mitochondrial ubiquinone content, proton permeability, enzyme activity and altered the bypass of the Antimycin A blockage in the bc1 complex.
Role of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase (2001)

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) play an important role in protection against oxidative stress and have been shown to contribute to the pathogenicity of many bacterial species. To determine the function of the mycobacterial copper and zinc-cofactored SOD (CuZnSOD), we constructed and characterized Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG CuZnSOD null mutants. Both strains were more sensitive to superoxides and hydrogen peroxide than were their respective parental strains. The survival of M. bovis BCG in unstimulated as well as activated mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages was not affected by the loss of CuZnSOD. The survival of CuZnSOD deficient-M. tuberculosis in guinea pig tissues was comparable to that of its parental strain. These results indicate that the mycobacterial CuZnSOD is not essential for intracellular growth within macrophages and does not detectably contribute to the pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis.
Sarcopenia of the Old Age (2007)

1 21세기에 우리나라의 사회인구학적 변화의 가장 큰 특징 은 저출산과 고령화 현상이다. 1970년에 3.1%에 불과하였 던 전체 인구 중 65세 이상의 노인인구 비율이 2000년에는 7.2%로 고령화사회(ageing society)에 진입하였고 2005년에 는 9.1%로 증가하였다. 더욱이 우리나라의 고령화 현상은 향후 더욱 심화될 것으로 예측되는데 그 속도가 전 세계에 서 유래를 찾아볼 수 없을 정도로 빨라서 2018년에는 노인 인구가 14%를 넘어서 고령사회(aged society)가 되며 2026 년에 20%를 넘어 초고령사회(post-aged society)가 되고 2050년에는 노인인구가 무려 37.3%에 달하게 된다고 한다 (Fig. 1). 한국 사회의 고령화의 원인으로는 저출산으로 인한 젊은 연령층의 감소와 함께 무엇보다 의료의 발달로 인한 수명의 연장을 들 수 있겠다. 지난 35년간 한국인의 평균수명은 1970년의 61.9세 에서 2005년 78.6세로 16.7년이나 늘어났 다. Fig. 2의 사망곡선에 잘 나타나 있듯이 조기 사망의 감 소로 인해 대부분의 사망이 고령에 집중되어 나타나는 현상 (compression of mortality)을 보이고 있다. 이러한 변화는 고령까지 생존하는 많은 노인들에서 각종 악성종양, 고혈압, 당뇨병, 심혈관질환 등 질병 이환(morbidity)이 증가하고, 설 사 질병에 걸리지 않는다 하더라도 노화에 따른 신체기능의 저하로 생존은 하나 신체적, 정신적, 사회적 장애를 동반하 는 노인 문제를 유발한다. 사회적으로도 장애노인에 대한 수 발문제와 노인 의료비 급증 등 커다란 문제가 발생하고 있 다. 따라서 21세기의 노인의료의 과제는 사망률의 감소에서 질병 이환에 따른 장애가 발생되지 않거나 사망 직전까지 건강한 상태를 최대한 유지하는 질병상태의 압축 (compression of morbidity)을 그 목표로 하고 있다. 노인에 따른 생리학적 변화는 매우 다양하며 그 중에 하 나가 골격근육량(skeletal muscle mass)의 감소로 인한 근감 소증(sarcopenia)이다. 근감소증은 직접적으로 근력(muscle strength)의 저하를 유발하며 그 결과 각종 신체기능 (physical function)의 감소 및 장애(disability)를 일으키고 사망의 위험성도 증가되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 지 상강좌를 통해서 근감소증의 개념에 대해서 소개하고자 한 다. 노인의 근감소증
Two multi access algorithms for channels with multiple reception capacity (2003)

Two multiaccess algorithms for channels with multiple reception capacity are presented. They achieve better throughput performance than the existing algorithms for higher reception capacity. It is shown that high reception capacity of the channel allows the access algorithm to be simpler without losing performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Microstructures of the anisotropic Nd-Fe-B HDDR treated powder (1999)

HDDR conditions for obtaining the anisotropic Nd-Fe-B powders and their microstructures have been investigated. For both of the disproportionation and recombination stages, the alloys treated at the H2 pressures which are close to the equilibrium one, result in highly anisotropic powders. Anisotropic volume expansions of the disproportionated alloys were observed, which would be the key to the inducement of anisotropy.
Ixolaris: a Factor Xa heparin-binding exosite inhibitor (2005)

Ixolaris is a two-Kunitz TFPI (tissue factor pathway inhibitor) from the tick salivary gland. In contrast with human TFPI, Ixolaris binds tightly to the zymogen FX (Factor X) and to dansyl-Glu-Gly-Arg-chloromethyl ketone-treated FXa (DEGR-FXa; active-site-blocked FXa), indicating that exosites are involved in the FX(a)-Ixolaris interaction. Here we provide evidence that Ixolaris binds specifically to the FXa HBE (heparin-binding exosite), since (i) it markedly decreases the inhibition of FXa by the antithrombin-heparin but not the antithrombin-pentasaccharide complex, (ii) it impairs FXa binding to Sepharose-immobilized heparin, and (iii) it allosterically modulates the catalytic activity of FXa for small chromogenic substrates (S-2765). By using a series of recombinant FXa mutants in which the HBE is mutated, we have identified the importance of amino acids involved in the enzyme-inhibitor interaction as being in the following order: Arg-93>>Arg-165> or =Lys-169>Lys-236>Lys-96>Arg-240>Arg-125. Ixolaris at appropriate concentrations also inhibits thrombin formation in vitro by the assembled prothrombinase complex, a process that is critically dependent on the FXa HBE. Ixolaris is the first inhibitor characterized to date that binds specifically to the FXa HBE.
Effect of muscarinic blocker on enhancing action of fructus aurantilii immaturus in the intestinal myoelectric activity in dogs (1997)

Ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓｆｕｒｃｔｕｓａｕｒａｎｔｉｉｍｍａｔｕｒｕｓ；ｓｍａｌｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎｅ；ａｔｒｏｐｉｎｅ；ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｐｈｙｓｉｏｌｏｇｙＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔＡＩＭＴｏｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｔｈｅｅｆｅｃｔｏｆＦｒｕｃｔｕｓＡｕｒａｎ...
A High-Pressure Swivel for Natural Gas Service and Oscillating Motion in a Marine Environment (1982)

A joint development program has produced a unique flowline swivel for high-pressure natural gas service under continuous, small degree rotation, oscillating service. The swivel uses an elastomeric bearing element made up of alternate, frusto-conical shaped rings of metal and rubber (elastomer) to absorb continuous small degree rotary oscillations or flexures of the swivel. It accommodates larger oscillations, including complete 360-deg rotations, by locking the elastomeric element at its maximum design flexure capability and permitting the entire shaft assembly to rotate relative to the housing. A 6-in. (152.4-mm), 6000-psig (41,370-kPa) prototype successfully passed a rigorous qualification test program. The swivel should be useful in offshore marine production riser systems and loading terminals.
Focusing of Two Dimensional ISAR Images by Contrast Maximization (1992)

Some autofocusing techniques for the motion compensation in Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging of object are proposed. These techniques are based on the maximization of a suitably defined contrast function which represents a measure of the degree of focus of the image. A theoretical analysis of these techniques is performed and some results achieved by means of a simulation program are presented and discussed.
Innovation, what innovation? A comparison between product, process and organisational innovation (2001)

This article compares and contrasts three types of innovations, namely, product innovation, process innovation and organisational innovation. From similarities and differences between these three types, implications for the theory and practice of innovation management are inferred. Most of these implications seem to be generic, i.e. generally applicable whatever the type of innovation and organisation involved. Surprisingly few implications are contingent in that they are linked to the characteristics of the innovation involved.
Pilot Scale Tests Alden/Concepts NREC Turbine (2003)

Alden Research Laboratory, Inc. has completed pilot scale testing of the new Alden/Concepts NREC turbine that was designed to minimize fish injury at hydropower projects. The test program was part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Hydropower Turbine Systems Program. The prototype turbine operating point was 1,000 cfs at 80ft head and 100 rpm. The turbine was design to: (1) limit peripheral runner speed; (2) have a high minimum pressure; (3) limit pressure change rates; (4) limit the maximum flow shear; (5) minimize the number and total length of leading blade edges; (6) maximize the distance between the runner inlet and the wicket gates and minimize clearances (i.e., gaps) between other components; and (7) maximize the size of flow passages.
Electroinitiated anionic polymerization of acrylonitrile (1964)

Abstract Polymer was formed by an electrolytically initiated reaction in solutions of acrylonitrile and other monomers in dimethylformamide saturated with sodium nitrate. From analysis of copolymer compositions it was established that the polymer was formed at the cathode by an anionic propagation mechanism. The nature of the chain initiating step was investigated through polarographic measurements. These clearly suggest that chain initiation proceeds via direct electron addition to the double bond. A close correlation between the tendency to form anionic polymer and the polarographic potentials is indicated. The effects of current, time, and monomer concentration on the production of polymer were delineated. The yield of polymer increased linearly with time at fixed current density and showed first order dependence on monomer concentration. The absolute current efficiencies were extremely high and ranged to over 3 polymer molecules formed per electron transferred at the electrode. The molecular weights of the polymers are remarkably independent of monomer concentration, rate, and current density. A reaction scheme is proposed which postulates chain transfer to monomer. A kinetic analysis confirms the consistence of the scheme with experimental findings. Coloration and crosslinking found in some of the polymers are interpreted, and a mechanism is proposed.
Stimulus specificity of the generation of leukotrienes by dog mastocytoma cells. (1983)

Isolated dog mastocytoma cells sensitized with dog anti-ragweed IgE and challenged with ragweed antigen or incubated with ionophore A23187 or the carboxy-terminal dodecapeptide of platelet factor 4, PF4(59-70), release histamine and concurrently generate leukotrienes B4, C4, and D4. In contrast, the exposure of mastocytoma cells to 0.1-3 micrograms/ml of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) stimulates selectively the generation of leukotrienes, in the absence of histamine release, while 0.1-1 micrograms/ml of compound 48/80 releases histamine without enhancing the generation of leukotrienes. That natural stimuli are capable of selectively activating one synthetic or secretory compartment of mast cells suggests that separate subsets of receptors as well as different biochemical events may serve to mobilize each class of mediators.
Effectes of Low-Power I.R. Laser on Cultured Fibroblasts (1988)

The Infrared laser effects (λ = 904 nm) on in vitro cultured fibroblasts were tested. It was found that, changing the frequency and the intensity of radiation, it was possible to have opposite results. At low frequency (0,4 KHz) the cellular growth was inhibited; at 1,6 KHz frequency and 3W/cm 2 /min intensity the proliferation was increased; at higher frequencies the cellular differentiation was stimulated and an increased fibrosynthetic activity was found.
Knowledge-based modeling and simulation of network access control mechanisms representing security policies (2002)

It is quite necessary that an organization's information network should be equipped with a proper security system based on its scale and importance. One of the effective methods is to use the simulation model for deciding which security policy and mechanism is appropriate for the complex network. Our goal is to build a foundation of knowledge-based modeling and simulation environment for the network security. Within this environment, users can construct the simulation model of security mechanisms, apply various security policies, and quantitatively analyze their security performance against possible attacks. In this study, we considered security domain and implemented the models based on a systematic modeling approach. We enabled the model to include knowledge in modular fashion and provided well-defined guidelines for transforming security policy to concrete rule set.
How 12 geochemical methods fared in GERT project in Permian basin (1991)

This paper reports on Geochemical Evaluation Research Team (GERT) which is an experiment conceived to identify surface geochemical exploration methods that are effective in finding oil. Many of the methods use technology developed in the last 5 years. In fact, one of the challenging jobs for the geochemical explorationist is keeping up with new techniques and improvements. The way to minimize dry holes is to screen prospects with carefully selected geochemical techniques prior to acreage acquisition and seismic surveys.
Endocrinology and paracrinology: Expression of epidermal growth factors and epidermal growth factor receptor in normal cycling human ovaries (1995)

Immunolocalization of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha), epidermal growth factor (EGF), cripto-1, amphiregulin and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was studied in 51 premenopausal human ovaries at various phases of the menstrual cycle. Localization of mRNA for TGF alpha and EGF was also studied by in-situ hybridization. Immunoreactive TGF alpha was observed predominantly in theca cells in 12 of 33 antral follicles in the follicular phase (6/14 dominant follicles, and 6/19 non-dominant) but not in any of the 18 follicles in the luteal phase or in primordial and pre-antral follicles. TGF alpha immunoreactivity was present predominantly in the luteinized granulosa cells in 13 of 15 corpora lutea in the luteal phase, which are considered to be active in steroidogenesis, but not in any of the regressed corpora lutea. Accumulation of TGF alpha mRNA hybridization signal was observed only in the theca cells in the follicles and luteinized theca cells in the ovaries that were immunohistochemically positive for TGF alpha. EGFR immunoreactivity was detected in 24 of 33 antral follicles in the follicular phase and in two of 18 follicles in the luteal phase but not in any of the corpora lutea. Immunoreactive EGF, cripto-1 and amphiregulin or EGF mRNA was not detected in any follicles, corpora lutea, or the stroma cells examined. These results indicate that, of the epidermal growth factors examined in this study, TGF alpha is locally synthesized in normal cycling human ovaries and TGF alpha may be synthesized in theca cells and act on the granulosa cells in a paracrine fashion through the EGFR in ovarian follicles.
A soft-switching universal-input voltage HPF rectifier implemented with a modified sepic converter (2009)

A high-power-factor rectifier suitable for universal-line base on a modified version of the SEPIC converter is presented in this paper. The voltage multiplier technique is applied to the classical SEPIC circuit obtaining new operation characteristics as low switch voltage operation and high static gain at low line voltage. The new configuration also allows the reduction of the losses associated to the diode reverse recovery current and soft-commutation is obtained with a simple regenerative snubber circuit. The operation analysis, design procedure and experimental results obtained from a 650 W universal-line high power factor prototype of the proposed converter are presented. The theoretical analysis and experimental results obtained with the proposed structure are compared with the classical boost topology.