gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RGS Molecule Expression in Murine B Lymphocytes and Ability to Down-Regulate Chemotaxis to Lymphoid Chemokines (2000)

Ag-mediated changes in B lymphocyte migration are important for normal immune function, yet the mechanisms by which these changes occur are poorly defined. Because chemokines direct many lymphocyte movements, molecules that regulate signaling by G protein-coupled chemokine receptors are likely to participate in Ag receptor-induced changes in cell migration. In this study, we have investigated the expression pattern and activity in murine B cells of members of the regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) family of molecules. We present the sequence of mouse RGS1 and describe a novel short isoform of RGS3 that we term RGS3s. Following in vivo activation by Ag, B cells rapidly up-regulate expression of RGS1 and RGS2 while simultaneously decreasing expression of RGS3 and RGS14. Anergic hen egg lysozyme autoantigen-binding B cells are also shown to have slightly elevated RGS1 and RGS2 expression. CD40 signaling, by contrast, fails to cause rapid up-regulation of RGS1 or RGS2. Using a transient transfection approach in a mature B cell line, 2PK3, we demonstrate that RGS1 and RGS3s are effective inhibitors of chemotaxis toward the lymphoid tissue chemokines stromal cell-derived factor-1, B lymphocyte chemoattractant, and EBV-induced molecule 1 ligand chemokine, whereas RGS2 has a minimal effect on migration to these chemokines. Together these findings support the conclusion that Ag-mediated changes in RGS molecule expression are part of the mechanism by which Ag receptor signaling regulates B cell migration within lymphoid tissues. The findings also suggest important roles for additional G protein-mediated events in B cell activation and tolerance.
Microvascular perfusion is impaired in a rat model of normotensive sepsis. (1994)

We hypothesized that normotensive sepsis affects the ability of the microcirculation to appropriately regulate microregional red blood cell (RBC) flux. An extensor digitorum longus muscle preparation for intravital study was used to compare the distribution of RBC flux and the functional hyperemic response in SHAM rats and rats made septic by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Using intravital microscopy, we found that sepsis was associated with a 36% reduction in perfused capillary density (from 35.3 +/- 1.5 to 22.5 +/- 1.0 capillaries/mm of test line) and a 265% increase in stopped-flow capillaries (from 0.9 +/- 0.2 to 3.3 +/- 0.4 capillaries/mm); the spatial distribution of perfused capillaries was also 72% more heterogeneous. Mean intercapillary distance (ICD) increased 30% (from 25.7 +/- 0.8 to 33.5 +/- 1.6 microns), and the proportion of capillary pairs with intercapillary distances > 33.8 microns (the 75th percentile of ICDSHAM) was greater with sepsis. Mean capillary RBC velocity increased 17% in CLP rats (391 vs 333 microns/s). Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to assess the functional hyperemic response of the extensor digitorum longus muscle before and after a period of maximal twitch contraction designed to increase oxygen demand. RBC flux was 36% lower in the CLP rats at rest. After contraction, RBC flux increased in both SHAM and CLP rats; however, the relative increase was less in the CLP group. We concluded that sepsis affects the ability of the skeletal muscle microcirculation to appropriately distribute RBC flux and to respond to increases in oxygen need.
Improving In Vitro Generated Cartilage-Carrier-Constructs by Optimizing Growth Factor Combination (2007)

The presented study is focused on the generation of osteochondral implants for cartilage repair, which consist of bone substitutes covered with in vitro engineered cartilage. Re-differentiation of expanded porcine cells was performed in alginate gel followed by cartilage formation in high-density cell cultures. In this work, different combinations of growth factors for the stimulation of re-differentiation and cartilage formation have been tested to improve the quality of osteochondral implants. It has been demonstrated that supplementation of the medium with growth factors has significant effects on the properties of the matrix. The addition of the growth factors IGF-I (100 ng/mL) and TGF-beta1 (10 ng/mL) during the alginate culture and the absence of any growth factors during the high-density cell culture led to significantly higher GAG to DNA ratios and Young's Moduli of the constructs compared to other combinations. The histological sections showed homogenous tissue and intensive staining for collagen type II.
Unit-Cell-Based Custom Thermal Management through Additive Manufacturing (2012)

Using previously-defined effective thermal conductivities for structural unit cells, a custom thermal-management structure has been developed for a powered ankle-foot orthosis. The structure provides the requisite personal safety for wearable medical devices. Minimal mass was achieved through the employment of these unit cells. Fabrication of the resultant structure is made practical by additive manufacturing. Results of the virtual testing are reported, as well as the preliminary results of an energy-based comparative-performance analysis of natural versus forced convection. Future work includes the integration of phase-change materials and thermoelectric generators.
A Robust Controller Design for Electric Power Steering System Based on PI Current Loop (2009)

This paper investigates the robust controller of an electric power steering system. The design methods of the robust Hinfin mixed sensitivity controller are researched by the transfer functions model of EPS system, based on the classical PI current loop. The theoretical analysis and simulation experiments indicate that the proposed controller can improve the capability of low frequency noise enhancement and high frequency enervation in wide frequency band from the road, attenuate noise of torque sensor, exhibit good robust performances in assist tracking and anti-disturbance, and greatly improve the returnability, driver's steering feel, handling characteristic.
RGSZ1, a Gz-selective RGS Protein in Brain (1998)

We cloned the cDNA for human RGSZ1, the major Gz-selective GTPase-activating protein (GAP) in brain (Wang, J., Tu, Y., Woodson, J., Song, X., and Ross, E. M. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 5732-5740) and a member of the RGS family of G protein GAPs. Its sequence is 83% identical to RET-RGS1 (except its N-terminal extension) and 56% identical to GAIP. Purified, recombinant RGSZ1, RET-RGS1, and GAIP each accelerated the hydrolysis of Galphaz-GTP over 400-fold with Km values of approximately 2 nM. RGSZ1 was 100-fold selective for Galphaz over Galphai, unusually specific among RGS proteins. Other enzymological properties of RGSZ1, brain Gz GAP, and RET-RGS1 were identical; GAIP differed only in Mg2+ dependence and in its slightly lower selectivity for Galphaz. RGSZ1, RET-RGS1, and GAIP thus define a subfamily of Gz GAPs within the RGS proteins. RGSZ1 has no obvious membrane-spanning region but is tightly membrane-bound in brain. Its regulatory activity in membranes depends on stable bilayer association. When co-reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles with Gz and m2 muscarinic receptors, RGSZ1 increased agonist-stimulated GTPase >15-fold with EC50 <12 nM, but RGSZ1 added to the vesicle suspension was <0.1% as active. RGSZ1, RET-RGS1, and GAIP share a cysteine string sequence, perhaps targeting them to secretory vesicles and allowing them to participate in the proposed control of secretion by Gz. Phosphorylation of Galphaz by protein kinase C inhibited the GAP activity of RGSZ1 and other RGS proteins, providing a mechanism for potentiation of Gz signaling by protein kinase C.
Rapid thermal annealing of polysilicon thin films (1998)

In comparison with conventional heat treatment, high-temperature rapid thermal annealing (RTA) in a radio frequency (RF) induction-heated system can reduce or eliminate residual stresses in thin films in a few seconds. In this work, changes in the stress level due to the RTA of polycrystalline silicon thin films were studied as a function of annealing time and temperature. The corresponding variations in the microstructure and surface layer of the thin films were experimentally investigated by a variety of analytical tools. The results suggest that the residual stress evolution during annealing is dominated by two mechanisms: 1) microstructure variations of the polysilicon thin film and 2) effects of a surface layer formed during the heat treatment. The fact that the microstructure changes are more pronounced in samples after conventional heat treatment implies that the effects of the formed surface layer may dominate the final state of the residual stress in the thin film.
Robustness Analysis of Binaural Hearing Aid Beamformer Algorithms by Means of Objective Perceptual Quality Measures (2007)

In this contribution different microphone array-based noise reduction schemes for hearing aids are suggested and compared in terms of their performance, signal quality and robustness against model errors. The algorithms all have binaural output and are evaluated using objective perceptual quality measures [1, 2, 3]. It has been shown earlier that these measures are able to predict subjective data that is relevant for the assessment of noise reduction algorithms. The quality measures showed clearly that fixed beamformers designed with head models were relatively robust against steering errors whereas for the adaptive beamformers tested in this study the robustness was limited and the benefit due to higher noise reduction depended on the noise scenario and the reliability of a direction of arrival estimation. Furthermore, binaural cue distortions introduced by the different binaural output strategies could be identified by the binaural speech intelligibility measure [3] even in case monaural quality values were similar. Thus, this perceptual quality measure seems to be suitable to discover the benefit that the listener might have from the effect of spatial unmasking.
Case 20-1971 (1971)

Presentation of CaseA 31-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of multiple complaints.At birth a Klippel-Feil syndrome and Sprengel's deformity were observed. At the age of seven years she was admitted to another hospital because of persistent vomiting, and radiographic evidence of gastric obstruction was found. A laparotomy was performed, and a gastrojejunostomy was constructed. Exploration of the abdomen disclosed malrotation of the bowel, with the small intestine lying on the left side of the abdomen and the colon on the right. A Meckel diverticulum was resected, and an appendectomy was performed. Peptic esophagitis developed, requiring antacid . . .
Apolipoprotein A-I Gene Polymorphism Associated with Premature Coronary Artery Disease and Familial Hypoalphalipoproteinemia (1986)

Decreased plasma high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels have been associated with premature coronary artery disease. We identified a PstI restriction-endonuclease site flanking the human apolipoprotein A-I gene at its 3' end that is polymorphic. The absence and presence of this site, as determined by genomic blotting analysis of PstI-digested chromosomal DNA with the use of an apolipoprotein A-I gene probe, were associated with 3.3-kb and 2.2-kb hybridization bands, respectively. The 3.3-kb band appeared in 4.1 percent of 123 randomly selected control subjects and in 3.3 percent of 30 subjects with no angiographic evidence of coronary artery disease. In contrast, among 88 patients who had severe coronary disease before the age of 60, as documented by angiography, the 3.3-kb band occurred in 32 percent (P less than 0.0001). It was also found in 8 of 12 index cases (P less than 0.0001) of kindreds with familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia. In the two patient groups, the allele frequencies of the site that produced the 3.3-kb band were 17 and 42 percent, respectively, as compared with an allele frequency of only 2 percent in the control populations. Within kindreds with familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia and among first-degree relatives of patients with coronary artery disease, the 3.3-kb band was associated with decreased HDL cholesterol levels. Among all patients with coronary artery disease, 58 percent had HDL cholesterol levels below the 10th percentile of normal values; however, this frequency increased to 73 percent when patients with the 3.3-kb band were considered. These findings indicate that the polymorphism in the region between the apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein C-III genes may be a useful marker for the risk of premature coronary artery disease and familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia.
Data Mining Revision Controlled Document History Metadata for Automatic Classification (2013)

Version controlled documents provide a complete history of the changes to the document, including everything from what was changed to who made the change and much more. Through the use of cluster analysis and several sets of manipulated data, this research examines the revision history of Wikipedia in an attempt to find language-independent patterns that could assist in automatic page classification software. Utilizing two sample data sets and applying the aforementioned cluster analysis, no conclusive evidence was found that would indicate that such patterns exist. Our work on the software, however, does provide a foundation for more possible types of data manipulation and refined clustering algorithms to be used for further research into finding such patterns.
Bioactive polymers XXX. Immobilization of invertase on the diazonium salt of 4‐aminobenzoylcellulose (1987)

Invertase was immobilized on diazotized 4-aminobenzoylcellulose. The optimum coupling conditions, namely enzyme concentration, time, and pH, were determined. The temperature and pH value for the maximum activity of the immobilized enzyme were determined and the apparent Michaelis constant was estimated.
Green High-Gravitational Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Rotating Packed Bed Reactor (RPBR) (2012)

Although the synthesis of silver nanoparticles via chemical precipitation is the easiest to scale up for industrial production, the use of conventional stirring methods suffers from large and widely distributed particle sizes due to poor macro- and micromixing efficiency which is vital in providing the necessary supersaturated conditions. These problems can be mitigated using the high-gravitational mixing method which significantly improves mixing efficiency and greatly reduces reaction times. In this work, we describe the preparation of silver nanoparticles from green materials using a high-gravitational rotating packed bed reactor and present our findings on the significance and effects of concentration and feed flow rate of reactants and packed bed rotation speed on the sample particle size and recovery yield. Taguchi statistical analysis was used to optimize each parameter for small particle size and high product yield. To determine the particle size and silver concentration of the synthesized samples, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP) were used respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging were used for further characterization of the produced nanoparticles.
100-Gbit/s PDM-QPSK Integrated Coherent Receiver Front-End for Optical Communications (2011)

This paper describes device and integration technologies for 100-Gbit/s polarization division multiplexed quadrature phase shift keying integrated coherent receiver front-end. The silica-based planar lightwave circuits for the optical passive circuits, InP-based photodiode for the opto-electrical conversion, and InP HBT for the transimpedance amplification are used to achieve high-performance. A module-level hybrid integration technology based on a chip-scale packaged O/E converter is applied as the integration technology. The fabricated receiver front-end has a wide dynamic range of around 20 dB with a constant local power of 13.5 dBm and an excellent common-mode rejection ratio of better than -25 dB up to 25 GHz.
MASS TRANSFER IN RECIRCULATING BLOOD FLOW (1986)

An experimental investigation was done on oxygen transfer into laminar flows of whole blood and saline downstream of an abrupt pipe expansion. This was used as the experimental model for regions of separated flow in the arterial system. The flow was fully-developed prior to the tube expansion with Reynolds numbers between 160 and 850. The results showed high transfer rates over most of the region downstream of the step, with maximum transfer occurring near the reattachment point. In addition, oscillations of the transfer rate were measured at the larger Reynolds numbers of 450 and 850.
MicroRNA‐29, a key regulator of collagen expression in systemic sclerosis (2010)

These data add the posttranscriptional regulation of collagens by miR-29a as a novel aspect to the fibrogenesis of SSc and suggest miR-29a as a potential therapeutic target.
Applications of Molecular Spectroscopy to Current Research in the Chemical and Biological Sciences (2016)

The goal of this book is to present an overview of applications of molecular spectroscopy to investigations in organic and inorganic materials, foodstuffs, biosamples and biomedicine, and novel characterization and quantitation methods. This text is a compilation of selected research articles and reviews covering current efforts in various applications of molecular spectroscopy. Sections 1 and 2 deal, respectively, with spectroscopic studies of inorganic and organic materials. Section 3 provides applications of molecular spectroscopy to biosamples and biomedicine. Section 4 explores spectroscopic characterization and quantitation of foods and beverages. Lastly, Section 5 presents research on novel spectroscopic methodologies. Overall, this book should be a great source of scientific information for anyone involved in characterization, quantitation, and method development.
Two dimensional quantum mechanical simulation of low dimensional tunneling devices (2014)

We present a 2-D quantum mechanical simulation framework based on self-consistent solutions of Schrödinger-Poisson system, using the Finite Element Method. The quantum mechanical model includes direct as well as phonon-assisted transitions and it is applied to Germanium electron-hole bilayer tunnel FETs (EHBTFET). It is found that 2D direct tunneling through the underlap regions may degrade the subthreshold characteristic of germanium EHBTFETs and requires careful device optimization to make the tunneling in the overlap region dominate over the parasitic paths.
Towards an integrated coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy system (2005)

CARS microscopy has emerged as a powerful tool in imaging of biological matter. In addition to a high-3D spatial resolution, the technique delivers an attractive set of properties such as chemical specificity, high sensitivity, and fast data acquisition rates thus making it very suitable for biomedical applications. However, these advantages come at a cost of complex tunable laser sources, beam guiding and delivery optics. In particular, two high intensity laser pulses, whose carrier frequencies ωp (pump) and ωs (Stokes) are separated by the corresponding Raman shift value, are required to interact with the imaged media. In this paper, we present experimental results corresponding to our first step towards an integrated CARS-microscope. We demonstrate optical fiber delivery of two color picosecond pulses before they interact in the focus of microscope objective in order to produce CARS image. Certain aspects related to the effect of the pump and Stokes pulse parameters on image quality (e.g. contrast, sensitivity) after the pulses' propagation in the fiber will be addressed. The incorporation of fiber delivery feature significantly improves the microscope performance and ease its operation. In addition, we are exploring certain approaches in further development of CARS-microscope as a biomedical tool towards fully functional endoscope for in vivo chemically sensitive imaging.
Wind Energy (2009)

Due to the mounting demand for energy and increasing population of the world, switching from nonrenewable fossil fuels to other energy sources is not an option-it is a necessity. Focusing on a cost-effective option for the generation of electricity, Wind Energy: Renewable Energy and the Environment covers all facets of wind energy and wind turbines
End customer control in the intelligent network (2002)

Service subscribers are demanding more control of their services, they are also demanding fast and timely updates to their service data and logic. In the process of controlling their services, users are requesting interfaces which require zero or minimal training. These interfaces must also hide the peculiarities of service implementation and provide a simple and straight forward means to enter or change the service logic and data. In order to support user mobility, the interface should utilize client/server architectures to allow access from remote locations via various kinds of networks. The service subscriber also wants a private and secure environment, such that their service profile is secure from illegal access. Furthermore, the interfaces must be capable of supporting multiple services and features without a different look and feel for each one. These demand can be met by the service management system (SMS) as it represents a central repository and a user interface for the whole intelligent network. The SMS provides the capabilities to provision and distribute service logic and service data changes in a reliable and consistent manner by using transaction management and validation capabilities. It provides security allowing controlled access to the data and ensures integrity by performing audits. It also provides the ability to build and execute various kinds of reports and other service OA&M functions.
Toroidal β-barrels from self-assembling β-sheet peptides (2011)

Controlling nanostructural morphologies has been the subject of intensive research as nanostructures can display significantly different bioactivities depending on their physicochemical parameters. Toroidal proteins perform numerous important functions in biological systems. Recent studies show that toroidal nanostructures can be constructed by rationally designed self-assembling peptide building blocks.
[Clinicopathologic characteristics of metastatic carcinomas to spleen]. (2006)

Metastatic carcinoma to the spleen is rare. Understanding of the clinicopathologic characteristics is helpful in guiding clinical management and pathologic diagnosis.
Outcomes assessment in multiple sclerosis clinical trials: a critical analysis (1995)

The feasibility and precision of clinical trials for the treatment of MS must be improved. Subsequent to the approval by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States of interferon beta-Ib as a safe and effective, though not curative, treatment for relapsing-remitting MS, the testing of other agents in this disease has been undertaken or is anticipated. This report summarises the discussions and recommendations of an international workshop held to review critically the elements of current MS therapeutic trials and to identify the most important aspects of clinical evaluation, study design and data analysis that would allow agents for MS to be tested as accurately, rapidly and economically as possible. While acknowledging the many uncertainties about the pathophysiology and natural history of MS, the workshop participants made recommendations about the preferred components to be used in the design of trials which may be different depending on the treatment goal and agent studied. It was concluded that the formulation of a useful clinical trial design must be based on specific guidelines for clinical scales and imaging for which task forces were recommended and subsequently appointed.