gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Q lithium niobate microdisk resonators on a chip for efficient electro-optic modulation (2015)

Lithium niobate (LN) microdisk resonators on a LN-silica-LN chip were fabricated using only conventional semiconductor fabrication processes. The quality factor of the LN resonator with a 39.6-μm radius and a 0.5-μm thickness is up to 1.19 × 10(6), which doubles the record of the quality factor 4.84 × 10(5) of LN resonators produced by microfabrication methods allowing batch production. Electro-optic modulation with an effective resonance-frequency tuning rate of 3.0 GHz/V was demonstrated in the fabricated LN microdisk resonator.
Melatonin Enhances the Anti-Tumor Effect of Fisetin by Inhibiting COX-2/iNOS and NF-κB/p300 Signaling Pathways (2014)

Melatonin is a hormone identified in plants and pineal glands of mammals and possesses diverse physiological functions. Fisetin is a bio-flavonoid widely found in plants and exerts antitumor activity in several types of human cancers. However, the combinational effect of melatonin and fisetin on antitumor activity, especially in melanoma treatment, remains unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that melatonin could enhance the antitumor activity of fisetin in melanoma cells and identified the underlying molecular mechanisms. The combinational treatment of melanoma cells with fisetin and melatonin significantly enhanced the inhibitions of cell viability, cell migration and clone formation, and the induction of apoptosis when compared with the treatment of fisetin alone. Moreover, such enhancement of antitumor effect by melatonin was found to be mediated through the modulation of the multiply signaling pathways in melanoma cells. The combinational treatment of fisetin with melatonin increased the cleavage of PARP proteins, triggered more release of cytochrome-c from the mitochondrial inter-membrane, enhanced the inhibition of COX-2 and iNOS expression, repressed the nuclear localization of p300 and NF-κB proteins, and abrogated the binding of NF-κB on COX-2 promoter. Thus, these results demonstrated that melatonin potentiated the anti-tumor effect of fisetin in melanoma cells by activating cytochrome-c-dependent apoptotic pathway and inhibiting COX-2/iNOS and NF-κB/p300 signaling pathways, and our study suggests the potential of such a combinational treatment of natural products in melanoma therapy.
Transanal Excision of a Rectal Adenoma Using Single-Access Laparoscopic Port (2010)

Many rectal tumors can be excised transanally using inexpensive equipment. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery allows excision of lesions beyond the reach of conventional technique. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is performed with specialized expensive instruments. Surgeons working in smaller community hospitals lack the budget to purchase transanal endoscopic microsurgery instruments. I modified the transanal endoscopic microsurgery technique by using a single-incision laparoscopic port that was inserted into the anal canal. Through this port, insufflation with gas maintained exposure of the surgical site, a 30-degree 5-mm camera, a grasper, and electrocautery were used to remove a large villous adenoma. This is the first report of the use of a single-access port to perform transanal endoscopic microsurgery. This modification is inexpensive compared with traditional transanal endoscopic microsurgery and allows more surgeons to perform difficult transanal tumor excisions (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/DCR/A39).
Structure and stability of sputter deposited beta-tungsten thin films (1994)

The structure and stability of thin tungsten films prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputter deposition have been studied by x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The structure of these films has been found to systematically evolve from the metastable A15 β-W phase to the equilibrium A2 α-W phase with decreasing oxygen impurity concentration. Within the β-W phase a decrease in the concentration of incorporated oxygen results in a monotonic decrease in the lattice parameter of the unit cell until the β-W phase eventually becomes unstable, and the α-W phase is formed.
Stable-spectrum and narrow-linewidth operation of broad-area distributed feedback diode laser with volume Bragg grating (2015)

We demonstrate the stable-spectrum and narrow-linewidth operation of a broad-area distributed feedback (DFB) diode laser with an external cavity configuration. A volume Bragg grating was used as an output coupler to further stabilize the wavelength and narrow linewidth of the broad-area DFB laser. The external-cavity DFB laser showed very high spectrum stability over the entire current range and different operating temperatures for continuous-wave operation. The linewidth of the DFB laser was reduced from 80 to 33 pm (2.4-fold reduction) and an output power of 1.3 W was achieved.
Context-Aware Synthesis and Placement of Object Instances (2018)

Learning to insert an object instance into an image in a semantically coherent manner is a challenging and interesting problem. Solving it requires (a) determining a location to place an object in the scene and (b) determining its appearance at the location. Such an object insertion model can potentially facilitate numerous image editing and scene parsing applications. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end trainable neural network for the task of inserting an object instance mask of a specified class into the semantic label map of an image. Our network consists of two generative modules where one determines where the inserted object mask should be (i.e., location and scale) and the other determines what the object mask shape (and pose) should look like. The two modules are connected together via a spatial transformation network and jointly trained. We devise a learning procedure that leverage both supervised and unsupervised data and show our model can insert an object at diverse locations with various appearances. We conduct extensive experimental validations with comparisons to strong baselines to verify the effectiveness of the proposed network.
A LANE KEEPING ASSIST SYSTEM FOR PASSENGER CARS - DESIGN ASPECTS OF THE USER INTERFACE (2003)

Many road departure accidents are caused by the drivers' lack of attention. This is in many cases due to distraction, drowsiness or intoxication. The Lane Keeping Aid System (LKAS) described in the paper intends to be used as an active safety system, thus aiming at decreasing the amount of unwanted lane departures. The challenge in the development of such kinds of functions lies in the determination of dangerous situations and the design of appropriate warning/intervention strategies. The system is intended to go unnoticed with the driver and intervenes only in instances where the driver mismanages steering control. Unlike systems which issue an audible sound, the type of warning is a tactile feedback via the steering wheel. The torque is designed in a way that it communicates to the driver the appropriate steering wheel angle required in order to return in lane. In this paper, both the underlying ideas for such a lane departure warning system and test track measurements are presented and discussed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E825082.
Synthesis, Structure–Activity Relationships, and in Vivo Efficacy of the Novel Potent and Selective Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Inhibitor 5-Chloro-<i>N</i>2-(2-isopropoxy-5-methyl-4-(piperidin-4-yl)phenyl)-<i>N</i>4-(2-(isopropylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (LDK378) Currently in Phase 1 and Phase 2 Clinical Trials (2013)

The synthesis, preclinical profile, and in vivo efficacy in rat xenograft models of the novel and selective anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor 15b (LDK378) are described. In this initial report, preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs) are described as well as the rational design strategy employed to overcome the development deficiencies of the first generation ALK inhibitor 4 (TAE684). Compound 15b is currently in phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials with substantial antitumor activity being observed in ALK-positive cancer patients.
Regulation of hen granulosa cell prostaglandin production by transforming growth factors during follicular development: involvement of cyclooxygenase II. (1996)

PGs are important physiological regulators of granulosa cell proliferation during ovarian follicular development. The rate-limiting step in the synthesis of PGs from arachidonic acid is catalyzed by cyclooxygenase (COX). Although two isoforms of COX (COX I and COX II) have been identified in the ovary, the nature and physiological significance of their regulation by transforming growth factor (TGF) alpha and TGF beta are unclear. The object of the present studies was to investigate the regulation of hen granulosa cell PG production by TGF alpha and TGF beta and the role of COX II in this process. Granulosa cells from the first (F1) and fifth and sixth (F5-F6) largest hen preovulatory follicles were cultured for up to 21 h in the presence of TGF alpha (0-10 ng/ml) and/or TGF beta (0-20 ng/ml). COX protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were determined by Western blot and Northern analysis, respectively. Granulosa cell PGF and PGE secretion was increased by TGF alpha but suppressed by TGF beta in vitro. The increase in PG secretion was accompanied by an elevation of COX II content, which was dose and time dependent, with maximum response observed within 6-12 h. Maximal increase in COX II mRNA abundance was evident at 4 and 8 h in cells from F1 and F5-F6, respectively. Although TGF alpha-stimulated PG secretion was higher in cells from mature follicle (F1), the magnitude of change in COX II mRNA abundance and protein content was, however, not dependent on follicular maturation. TGF beta significantly suppressed basal and TGF alpha-induced COX II transcript levels. COX I transcript, however, was undetectable irrespective of the presence of TGF alpha, duration of culture or the stage of follicular development. In conclusion, the mitogenic response of granulosa cells to TGF alpha is mediated by changes in PG secretion, which are regulated at the level of COX II. Unlike the control of PG secretion, the regulation of COX II by TGF alpha is independent of follicular maturation. Whereas COX II may be important in the signaling cascade for TGF alpha in the regulation of granulosa cell proliferation, the mechanism(s) of regulation of follicular stage-dependent PG secretion by the growth factor is complex and requires further investigation.
PENGLIBATAN DAN MOTIVASI KESUKARELAWANAN: KE ARAH MEMUPUK SEMANGAT KESUKARELAWAN DALAM KALANGAN MAHASISWA (The Involvement and Motivation of Volunteerism: Toward Nurturing the Spirit of Volunteerism among Students) (2015)

Kajian terhadap pengenalpastian penglibatan dan motivasi mahasiswa dengan kerja-kerja berbentuk kesukarelawanan amat diperlukan untuk penyediaan maklumat asas kepada pihak pentadbir institusi pengajian tinggi dalam merangka program berbentuk kesukarelawanan yang boleh menarik minat mahasiswa untuk memberi sumbangan dalam bentuk khidmat masyarakat kepada komuniti yang memerlukan. Oleh itu, artikel ini disediakan bertujuan untuk (1) mengenal pasti latarbelakang dan penglibatan mahasiswa Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) dengan kerja-kerja kesukarelawanan dan (2) mengenalpasti hubungan antara motivasi menjalankan kerja-kerja kesukarelawan dengan jantina dan tahun pengajian. Data yang diperolehi telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan ‘SPSS for Windows’. Seramai 100 orang mahasiswa yang sedang menuntut di UKM telah dipilih sebagai responden kajian. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan rekabentuk tinjauan keratan-lintang ( cross-sectional survey ) secara kuantitatif. Data yang diperolehi telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan ujian deskriptif dan korelasi. Hasil kajian mendapati secara keseluruhannya, majoriti dalam kalangan mahasiswa yang terlibat dalam kajian ini pernah terlibat (89%) menjalankan kerja-kerja sukarelawan. Tempoh keterlibatan mereka dengan kerja-kerja sukarelawan adalah masih baharu iaitu kurang daripada enam bulan (38%). Majoriti daripada mereka mengakui merasa puas dan seronok ketika melibatkan diri dengan kerja-kerja berbentuk kesukarelawanan (89 peratus). Faktor ingin membantu masyarakat (39 peratus) dan ingin mencari pengalaman baru (33 peratus) dikenalpasti sebagai faktor keterlibatan utama mereka dengan aktiviti berbentuk kesukarelawanan. Analisis korelasi kajian mendapati, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi untuk menjadi sukarelawan dengan faktor jantina (r=0.621, p<0.05) dan tahun pengajian (r=0.576, p<0.05). Hasil kajian memberi implikasi ke arah keperluan perancangan program sukarelawan dan khidmat masyarakat yang lebih strategik oleh pihak pentadbir universiti bagi memupuk semangat kesukarelawanan yang tinggi dalam kalangan mahasiswa.
Retrovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer of 6-Pyruvoyl-Tetrahydropterin Synthase Corrects Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency in Fibroblasts from Hyperphenylalaninemic Patients (1996)

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency, a variant form of hyperphenylalaninemia with progressive neurological dysfunction, is primarily caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the gene encoding the 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS). PTPS is a biosynthetic enzyme for the BH4 co-factor, and its deficiency is associated with a malfunction of the phenylalanine catabolism in the liver and a lack of biogenic amine neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin in the brain. We have previously isolated the wild-type PTPS cDNA and identified several mutations responsible for a decreased enzyme in patients. This study reports the in vitro correction of BH4 deficiency by using retrovirus mediated transfer of the PTPS cDNA into primary fibroblast cultures established from different patients. The Bing packaging cell line was used for amphotropic virus production. Following PTPS gene transfer, stimulation with cytokines restored biosynthesis of BH4 in originally defective cells to values comparable to those of heterozygous fibroblasts from clinically healthy subjects. These results not only provide a direct proof that the mutations in PTPS were causative for the mutant phenotype, but they are also the first step toward gene therapy as a potential alternative approach to treat BH4 deficiency.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Li[sub 0.44]MnO[sub 2] as a Novel 4 V Cathode Material (2005)

with -type tunnel structure were prepared from the Na-analogs via ion exchange in molten at . Chemical analysis indicated the ratios in were less than 0.004. The electrochemical measurements for the cell showed a novel high potential plateau region at around on both charge and discharge with an average discharge voltage of , and an initial discharge capacity of between 2.5 and . The plateau was observed in all cells with different Ti contents. The maximum discharge capacity was observed in the cell.
Comprehensive Study of Privacy Preserving Techniques for Distributed Database (2015)

Data mining is one of the powerful data analysis tools that can find the potential models and rules in data. At the same time, data mining is directly on the original data set, which also produces the leakage of privacy. It has been a significant research subject that how to extract valuable knowledge in data and to preserve private or sensitive information in data mining process from leaking. So the main research direction of privacy preserving data mining is that how to protect private information or sensitive knowledge from leaking in the mining process, meanwhile obtain accurate results of data mining. This paper intends several privacy preserving techniques for distributed database and then proceeds to analyse the merits and demerits of these techniques.
Practical applications of genomics research for treatment of aging skin. (2009)

Skin aging integrates the impact of extrinsic skin insults (e.g., ultraviolet [UV] light, etc.) with chronological, genetically programmed decreases in cellular function. A genomic study of aged skin highlighted the mechanistic importance of skin barrier function, exfoliation, control of reactive oxygen species and maintenance of extracellular matrix to the aging process. A set of topical products designed to address these mechanistic themes was developed and clinically tested. The individual products improved skin barrier function, hydration and skin turnover, as well as the smoothness and depth of periorbital wrinkles. Treatment with a regimen of these products improved the appearance of facial wrinkles after eight weeks. Changes in treated subjects' stratum corneum protein biomarker levels were consistent with the mechanistic pathways identified in the genomic work. Thus, leveraging a genomic understanding of skin aging led to the development of a clinically efficacious, aesthetically pleasing cosmetic regimen that improved the appearance of aged skin.
Identification of Ovotransferrin as an Acute Phase Protein in Chickens (2002)

Inflammation is homeostatic process associated with a variety of cellular injuries resulting from infections, toxicosis, and physical trauma. The studies on inflammation in avian species are limited. To understand the inflammation-induced changes, 4-wk-old male broiler chickens were subjected to experimental inflammation by a subcutaneous injection of croton oil (inflammatory) with changes in serum measured over time and were compared with birds treated similarly with olive oil (injected control). Croton oil treatment significantly elevated serum interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations and heterophil counts by 6 and 16 h postinjection, respectively, which returned to the basal levels of controls at 16 and 24 h, respectively. Croton oil treatment affected the serum protein profiles of chickens as assessed by SDS-PAGE and densitometric analyses. Compared with olive oil-injected or noninjected chicken sera, there were increases in the density of protein bands corresponding to molecular weights (MW) of 42, 65, 200, and 219 kDa and decreases in bands corresponding to 49 kDa (serum albumin) and a 56-kDa protein in chickens treated with croton oil. Most of these changes were evident at 24 h and lasted through 48 h. The protein band corresponding to 65 kDa was further characterized using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and N-terminal sequence analyses. A sequence similarity search in the Genbank database using the first 22 amino acids yielded a complete homology with chicken ovotransferrin. Western blot analysis using antichicken serum transferrin or antichicken ovotransferrin antibodies also confirmed the 65-kDa protein band to be ovotransferrin. Under nonreducing conditions, the ovotransferrin standard also showed an apparent MW corresponding to 65 kDa, like the serum transferrin. The serum ovotransferrin was found to be glycosylated using a glycoprotein stain. Although the significance of ovotransferrin in avian inflammation is not clear, these results show that it is a major acute phase protein (APP) in chickens.
Analysis of the presence or absence of atrophy of the subgenual and subcallosal cingulate cortices using voxel-based morphometry on MRI is useful to select prescriptions for patients with depressive symptoms (2014)

VBM on magnetic resonance imaging enabled automatic analysis of atrophy in the sgACC and scACC, and findings obtained by this procedure are useful not only for differentiation of MDD and BD patients but also for selection of prescriptions.
The Impact Of Obesity On Rising Medical Spending (2004)

Obese people incur higher health care costs at a given point in time, but how rising obesity rates affect spending growth over time is unknown. We estimate obesity-attributable health care spending increases between 1987 and 2001. Increases in the proportion of and spending on obese people relative to people of normal weight account for 27 percent of the rise in inflation-adjusted per capita spending between 1987 and 2001; spending for diabetes, 38 percent; spending for hyperlipidemia, 22 percent; and spending for heart disease, 41 percent. Increases in obesity prevalence alone account for 12 percent of the growth in health spending.
Increasing the Resolution of the Scanning Electrochemical Microscope Using a Chemical Lens: Application to Silver Deposition (1999)

The introduction of a scavenger that reacted with the tip‐generated species produced a significant focusing effect on the diffusion field. We investigated the basic principles of this new scanning electrochemical microscope operating mode, called a chemical lens. This focusing effect was demonstrated by silver deposition from solution, which enabled direct monitoring of the turnover at the sample's surface by measuring the current. In the electrolyte solution, silver cations were complexed by an excess of ammonia to avoid initial silver deposition at the gold substrate. Using this tip electrode, locally electrogenerated protons shifted the complex formation equilibrium back to produce higher concentrations of free silver ions, which were subsequently discharged at the gold‐covered sample electrode. The free silver cations in the outer part of the diffusion field were recomplexed by the excess of ammonia, which as it acted as a scavenger, did not take part in the deposition. The resolution reached values as low as less than one‐third of the active tip diameter. The introduction of a scavenger which itself does not take part in electrochemical reactions represents a general method for downscaling in microelectrochemistry. The improvement in resolution is not restricted to surface modifications but has been observed in surface analysis as well. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
An approximate analysis of the LRU and FIFO buffer replacement schemes (1990)

In this paper, we develop approximate analytical models for predicting the buffer hit probability under the Least Recently Used (LRU) and First In First Out (FIFO) buffer replacement policies under the independent reference model. In the case of the analysis of the LRU policy, the computational complexity for estimating the buffer hit probability is O(KB) where B is the size of the buffer and K denotes the number of items having distinct access probabilities. In the case of the FIFO policy, the solution algorithm is iterative and the computational complexity of each iteration is O(K). Results from these models are compared to exact results for models originally developed by King [KING71] for small values of the buffer size, B, and the total number of items sharing the buffer, D. Results are also compared with results from a simulation for large values of B and D. In most cases, the error is extremely small (less than 0.1%) for both LRU and FIFO, and a maximum error of 3% is observed for very small buffer size (less than 5) when the access probabilities are extremely skewed. To demonstrate the usefulness of the model, we consider two applications. In our first application, we compare the LRU and FIFO policies to an optimal static buffer allocation policy for a database consisting of two classes of data items. We observe that the performance of LRU is close to that of the optimal allocation. As the optimal allocation requires knowledge of the access probabilities, the LRU policy is preferred when this information is unavailable. We also observe that the LRU policy always performs better than the FIFO policy in our experiments. In our second application, we show that if multiple independent reference streams on mutually disjoint sets of data compete for the same buffer, it is better to partition the buffer using an optimal allocation policy than to share a common buffer.