gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proposal and Analysis of a Traveling-Wave Amplifier in Terahertz Range Using Two-Dimensional Electron Gas (2004)

A traveling-wave amplifier in the terahertz range using two-dimensional electron gas is proposed and analyzed using quantum mechanics including electron scattering. It is shown theoretically that the terahertz amplification is possible with high net gain coefficient at the temperature of 100 K.
Large-Scale Hot Spot Engineering for Quantitative SERS at the Single-Molecule Scale (2015)

Quantitative surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) requires precise control of Raman enhancement factor and detection uniformity across the SERS substrate. Here, we show that alkanethiolate ligand-regulated silver (Ag) nanoparticle films can be used to achieve quantitative SERS measurements down to the single-molecule level. The two-dimensional hexagonal close-packed superlattices of Ag nanoparticles formed in these films allow for SERS detection over a large area with excellent uniformity and high Raman enhancement factor. In particular, the SERS signal from the thiolate ligands on Ag nanoparticle surfaces can be utilized as a stable internal calibration standard for reproducible quantitative measurements. We demonstrate the capability of quantitative SERS by measuring the areal densities of crystal violet molecules embedded in an ultrathin spin-on-glass detection "hot zone", which is a planar and uniformly enhanced region several nanometers above the Ag nanoparticles. The Raman measurement results exhibit a linear response over a wide dynamic range of analyte concentration.
Interrelated Roles for Mcl-1 and BIM in Regulation of TRAIL-mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis (2006)

The current study demonstrates a novel cross-talk mechanism between the TRAIL receptor death signaling pathway and the mitochondria. This newly identified pathway is regulated at the mitochondrial outer membrane by a complex between the prosurvival Bcl-2 member, Mcl-1 and the BH3-only protein, Bim. Under non-apoptotic conditions, Bim is sequestered by Mcl-1. Direct degradation of Mcl-1 by TRAIL-activated caspase-8 or caspase-3 produces Mcl-1-free Bim that mediates a Bax-dependent apoptotic cascade. Using Mcl-1 or Bim RNAi, we demonstrate that a loss in Mcl-1 expression significantly enhances the mitochondrial apoptotic response to TRAIL that is now mediated by freed Bim. Whereas overexpression of Mcl-1 contributes to the preservation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, Mcl-1 knockdown facilitates the Bim-mediated dissipation of this potential. Loss of Mcl-1 contributes to an increased level of caspase activity downstream of the mitochondrial response to TRAIL. Furthermore, the Mcl-1 expression level at the mitochondrial outer membrane determines the release efficiency for the apoptogenic proteins cytochrome c, Smac, and HtrA2 in response to Bim. These are the first findings to demonstrate the involvement of Bim in the TRAIL-mediated mitochondrial cascade. They also suggest that Mcl-1 may serve as a direct substrate for TRAIL-activated caspases implying the existence of a novel TRAIL/caspase-8/Mcl-1/Bim communication mechanism between the extrinsic and the intrinsic apoptotic pathways.
The design and operation of infrasonic microphones (1997)

This report is intended as a guide to the design and operation of infrasonic microphones. It will emphasize general principles and the effects of parameter choices upon performance but will not provide details of design for specific microphones. The report will consider primarily the mechanical aspects that control the acoustic properties; it will not discuss the features of electronic design, which vary greatly among microphones. Here the authors define infrasonic microphones as sensors capable of detecting pressure variations in the period range of about 0.1 s to 1000 s with changes from about 0.1 {mu}bar (microbar = 1 dyne cm{sup {minus}2}) to about 1 mbar.
Beyond DNA binding - a review of the potential mechanisms mediating quinacrine's therapeutic activities in parasitic infections, inflammation, and cancers (2011)

This is an in-depth review of the history of quinacrine as well as its pharmacokinetic properties and established record of safety as an FDA-approved drug. The potential uses of quinacrine as an anti-cancer agent are discussed with particular attention to its actions on nuclear proteins, the arachidonic acid pathway, and multi-drug resistance, as well as its actions on signaling proteins in the cytoplasm. In particular, quinacrine's role on the NF-κB, p53, and AKT pathways are summarized.
Characteristics of preblended pork during cooler storage (1987)

Five pork carcasses were used to determine the effects of hot boning and various combinations of salt (0, 1.5, or 3.0%) and a phosphate mixture (0 or 0.5%) on bacteria, TBA (measure of fat rancidity), and pH values of preblended pork (preblends). In both HB (hot boned within 2 hr postmortem) and CB (conventionally boned at 24 hr postmortem) preblends, salt increased (P<.05) TBA values (indicates increased rancidity) and decreased (P<.05) growth of psychrotrophic bacteria, whereas phosphate increased (P<.05) pH and decreased TBA values. Salt levels could be reduced from 3.0 to 1.5% in preblends without storage problems, if phosphate (0.5%) was included. Phosphate (mixture pH 7.2) had little influence on microbial growth of preblends during cooler storage.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 19, 1987
Priority-Based Scheduling for Large-Scale Distribute Systems with Energy Awareness (2011)

Large-scale distributed computing systems (LDSs), such as grids and clouds are primarily designed to provide massive computing capacity. These systems dissipate often excessive energy to both power and cool them. Concerns over greening these systems have prompted a call for scheduling policies with energy awareness (e.g., energy proportionality). The dynamic and heterogeneous nature of resources and tasks in LDSs is a major hurdle to be overcome for energy efficiency when designing scheduling policies. In this paper, we address the problem of scheduling tasks with different priorities (deadlines) for energy efficiency exploiting resource heterogeneity. Specifically, our investigation for energy efficiency focuses on two issues: (1) balancing the workload in the way utilization is maximized and (2) power management by controlling execution of tasks on processor for ensuring the energy is optimally consumed. We form a hierarchical scheduler that exploits the multi-core architecture for effective scheduling. Our scheduling approach exploits the diversity of task priority for proper load balancing across heterogeneous processors while observing energy consumption in the system. Simulation experiments prove the efficacy of our approach, and the comparison results indicate our scheduling policy helps improve energy efficiency of the system.
Spike-time dependent plasticity investigated using whole cell recording in rat somatosensory cortex (S1) in vivo. (2004)

International audience
Total Synthesis of Pyrrolnitrin. VII. Synthesis of 2, 5-Dimethyl-3-arylpyrrole (1969)

Preparation of 2, 5-dimethyl-3-arylpyrrole (IX) was accomplished by three different routes : at first alkyl 3-aryl-5-methyl-4-pyrrolecarboxylate (IV) was converted to IX by the series of reactions containing Mannich reaction, reduction and decarboxylation, and secondly IX was also prepared by the ringclosure of 3-aryl-2, 5-hexanedione (XIV) with ammonium acetate and thirdly the methiodide of a bis-Mannich base (XVIII) prepared by Mannich reaction of 3-arylpyrrole (XVII) was reduced with sodium borohydride to IX.
Phloroglucinol compounds of therapeutic interest: global patent and technology status (2009)

This class holds potential for development of molecules in various therapeutic areas. There exist a number of patents on preparations that have phloroglucinol compounds as active ingredient(s). Many such preparations have been tested in vitro and/or in vivo for their efficacy and proven to be active and non-toxic. Commercialization of existing technology on phloroglucinol molecules can yield fruitful results.
Lexical Semantics and Patterns of Causation (2002)

In this paper we provide a brief account of patterns of causation in modern Irish that occur with lexically causative verbs. Three types of causation are found in modern Irish: lexical, periphrastic and morphological. In terms of the relative weightings of each type, the morphological causative is the least productive. Its use appears to be highly constrained to two very specific domains and it is signalled by particular morphological affixes. Lexical causatives are more productive than the morphological causative. By contrast, periphrastic or analytical causatives are highly productive and wide-ranging in their deployment. A claim of this paper is that an important class of causative constructions are modelled on an underlying schema of caused motion. Within this schema we find that different types of NPs occur to code the end state of the clause, thereby licensing different types of clause structures. We will demonstrate that there are a number of significant generalisations in the causative constructions that would otherwise be missed, or difficult to find, without the insights inherent in Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) and its logical structure formalism. In particular, we deploy a decompositional representation influenced by RRG to represent the underlying situation types, states of affairs, and events to bring out various uses of the verb cuir ’put’ and in so doing we uncover significant evidence to support our contention that motion is a factor in causation along with the eventive primitives of CAUSE, BECOME, INGR and BE. We provide evidence relating to lexically causative verbs in modern Irish whereby they are shown to co-occur with certain prepositional phrases to create periphrastic causative constructions whose semantics is beyond that recorded lexically on the verb. Our view is that periphrastic causation in modern Irish is concerned with causative motion within an event frame, is sensitive to interpretation as a prototypicality structure and the underlying schemata represent the extensions over this prototype.
Evaluation of Existing Layout Improvement and Creation Algorithms for Use in the Offsite Construction Industry (2018)

Construction is traditionally depicted as a labor-intensive industry which involves considerable inefficiency inherent to the common practices. Offsite construction offers a change to the current stigma, in which most of the work is transferred to a facility with a controlled environment and later transported to its destination, considerably reducing the amount of movement required by people and materials. Proper planning for such a facility is crucial for the success of offsite construction operations, since the effectiveness of such a space will determine the efficiency of the process and the quality of the final product. Several methods exist for layout creation and improvement in the manufacturing industry; however, there are advantages and disadvantages to using the different methods in an offsite construction facility. A review of the literature is conducted to summarize commonly used methods and respective considerations of each. The identified methods are then applied to an existing case study plant to create the optimized layout for each. The resulting layouts are then compared and evaluated based on the ease of transporting modules and components within the facility, and the estimated waste reduction and productivity increase. This evaluation will identify the usefulness of each method and identify common issues related to facility layouts that should be taken into consideration in future layout planning for offsite construction facilities.
Steps towards “putting recovery at the heart of all we do”: workforce development and the contribution of “lived experience” (2011)

Purpose This paper aims to describe a review and overview of the issue of developing guidance on implementing recovery and supporting organisational change, focused specifically on seeking to clarify the many different contributions that “lived experience” could make to training and workforce development. Design/methodology/approach The particular focus of our workshop was to clarify the key issues in workforce development, training for a recovery‐focused service and the contribution of “lived experience”. A particular outcome was to emphasise the benefits of collaborative co‐working between people who use services and practitioners at all levels. Findings A key element of our learning has been in valuing collaborative co‐working and the synergism of personal experience, professional training, research and evaluation. Originality/value The paper draws out what lessons have been learned already and sketches guidance for future practice and service development.
Correction: Efficient and robust differentiation of endothelial cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells via lineage control with VEGF and cyclic AMP (2017)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173271.].
Audio Fingerprinting Based on Multiple Hashing in DCT Domain (2009)

Audio fingerprinting techniques aim at successfully performing content-based audio identification even when the audio signals are slightly or seriously distorted. In this letter, we propose a novel audio fingerprinting technique based on multiple hashing. In order to improve the robustness of hashing, multiple hash strings are generated through the discrete cosine transform (DCT) which is applied to the temporal energy sequence in each subband. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the Philips Robust Hash (PRH) algorithm under various distortions.
Glyphosate Resistance in a Johnsongrass (<i>Sorghum halepense</i>) Biotype from Arkansas (2011)

Johnsongrass is one of the most troublesome weeds of the world and is listed as a noxious weed in Arkansas. Reduced johnsongrass control with the recommended application rate of glyphosate (840 g ae ha −1 ) was reported in a continuous soybean field near West Memphis, AR, in the fall of 2007. A greenhouse study was conducted (1) to confirm and characterize glyphosate resistance in the johnsongrass biotype from West Memphis and (2) to determine whether resistant and susceptible biotypes have differential glyphosate absorption or translocation. Dose–response studies revealed that the resistant biotype was five- to seven-fold less sensitive to glyphosate than the susceptible biotype. Glyphosate absorption was similar in resistant and susceptible biotypes at 72 h after treatment (HAT). However, the treated leaf of the resistant biotype retained 28 percentage points more absorbed 14 C glyphosate compared to the susceptible biotype at 72 HAT. Additionally, the resistant biotype had less 14 C glyphosate translocated to the aboveground tissue below the treated leaf and to roots compared to the susceptible biotype at 24 and 72 HAT. Reduced translocation and increased retention of glyphosate in treated leaves is a probable mechanism of resistance in this glyphosate-resistant johnsongrass biotype.
Fast Multiplexed Polymerase Chain Reaction for Conventional and Microfluidic Short Tandem Repeat Analysis (2009)

The time required for short tandem repeat (STR) amplification is determined by the temperature ramp rates of the thermal cycler, the components of the reaction mix, and the properties of the reaction vessel. Multiplex amplifications in microfluidic biochip-based and conventional tube-based thermal cyclers have been demonstrated in 17.3 and 19 min, respectively. Optimized 28-cycle amplification protocols generated alleles with signal strengths above calling thresholds, heterozygous peak height ratios of greater than 0.65, and incomplete nontemplate nucleotide addition and stutter of less than 15%. Full CODIS-compatible profiles were generated using the Profiler Plus ID, COfiler and Identifiler primer sets. PCR performance over a wide range of DNA template levels from 0.006 to 4 ng was characterized by separation and detection on a microfluidic electrophoresis system, Genebench-FX. The fast multiplex PCR approach has the potential to reduce process time and cost for STR analysis and enables development of a fully integrated microfluidic forensic DNA analysis system.
The Squalestatins:  Inhibitors of Squalene Synthase. Enzyme Inhibitory Activities and <i>in</i> <i>Vivo</i> Evaluation of C3-Modified Analogues (1996)

Squalestatin analogues modified in the C1 side chain were prepared and evaluated for their ability to inhibit rat liver microsomal and Candida squalene synthase (SQS) in vitro. While maintaining the 4,6-dimethyloctenoate or 4,6-dimethyloctanoate ester groups at C6, a number of modifications to the C1 side chain were well tolerated. However, in the absence of the C6 ester group, similar modifications to the C1 side chain caused substantial loss of activity. Compounds were also evaluated for their ability to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis in vivo in rats and to reduce serum cholesterol levels in marmosets. These studies revealed that compounds with similar SQS inhibitory activities can possess different in vivo durations of action and lipid-lowering abilities.
Corn Production on a Subsurface‐Drained Mollisol as Affected by Time of Nitrogen Application and Nitrapyrin (2003)

Time of N fertilizer application to corn ( Zea mays L.) and use of a nitrification inhibitor are management strategies that can affect corn production and loss of NO 3 –N from the soil profile via subsurface, tile drainage. A field study was conducted from the fall of 1986 through 1994 on a tile‐drained Canisteo clay loam soil [fine‐loamy, mixed (calcareous), mesic Typic Endoaquolls] to determine the influence of time of N application and nitrapyrin [2‐chloro‐6‐(trichloromethyl) pyridine] on yield of corn and soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in rotation and N uptake of corn. Four anhydrous ammonia (AA) treatments [(fall without nitrapyrin (NP), fall with NP, spring preplant, and split (40% preplant and 60% sidedress at V8 stage)] were replicated four times and applied at 150 kg N ha −1 (135 lb N acre −1 ) for corn each year. Fall applications occurred between 19 and 28 October when soil temperatures generally were ≤10°C. Seven‐year average corn grain yields were least for fall N without NP (8.27 Mg ha −1 , 131 bu acre −1 ), intermediate for fall N with NP and spring N (8.72 Mg ha −1 , 139 bu acre −1 ), and greatest for the split N treatment (9.11 Mg ha −1 , 145 bu acre −1 ). Corn N uptake was not different among treatments in drier years but was generally greatest for the spring and split treatments in wet years. Apparent N recovery ranged from 31% for fall N without NP to 44% for the split treatment. Economic return to fertilizer was greatest for the split treatment ($239.40 ha −1 yr −1 ) and lowest for fall N without NP ($166.70 ha −1 yr −1 ). Application time strategies for AA considered to be best management practices for these poorly drained Mollisols include fall N with NP, spring preplant, and split application.
Formal methods for dependable real-time systems (1993)

g. [36] John A. Stankovic and Krithi Ramamritham. What is predictability for real-time systems? Real-Time Systems, 2(4):247--254, November 1990. (Editorial). [37] Douglas A. Stuart. Implementing a verifier for real-time systems. In Real Time Systems Symposium, pages 62--71, Lake Buena Vista, FL, December 1990. IEEE Computer Society. [14] Farnam Jahanian and Aloysius Ka-Lau Mok. Safety analysis of timing properties in real-time systems. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-12(9):890--904, September 1986. [15] Ron Koymans. Specifying real-time properties with metric temporal logic. Real-Time Systems, 2(4):255--299, November 1990. [16] L. Lamport. Sometime is sometimes not never. In 10th ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, pages 174--185, Austin, TX, January 1983. [17] L. Lamport and P. M. Melliar-Smith. Synchronizing clocks in the presence of faults. Journ
Structure and Amine-Water Solubility in Desalination by Solvent Extraction. (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and Amine-Water Solubility in Desalination by Solvent Extraction.R. R. Davidson, W. H. Smith Jr., and D. W. HoodCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1960, 5, 4, 420–423Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60008a005https://doi.org/10.1021/je60008a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views889Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Oxygenation of 2,4-dibromoestrogens with nitric acid: A new synthesis of 19-nor steroids. (1989)

A convenient synthesis of 19-nor steroids 4a, 4b, 12a, and 12c is described. Oxygenation of 2, 4-dibromoestrogens 1a, 1b, 8a, and 8b with nitric acid in acetic acid gave the corresponding 2, 4-dibromo-10β-hydroxy-1, 4-dien-3-one derivatives 2a, 2c, 9a, and 9d in excellent yields. These 10β-hydroxy-dienones were subjected to catalytic hydrogenation over palladium-on-charcoal to afford the saturated 5ξ-3-oxo derivatives 3a, 3b, 10a, and 10b, respectively, in very high yields. These saturated products were then converted into the corresponding 19-nor steroids 4a, 4b, 12a, and 12c by treatment with acid, perchloric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or Nafion-H.
A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of the Conformation of Six-membered Chelate Rings in Four-coordinate Complexes (1975)

The ditertiary arsine (CH 3 ) 2 AsCH 2 CH(C(CH 3 ) 3 )CD 2 As(CH 3 ) 2 (L–L) forms 'tetrahedral' (L–L)Ni(CO) 2 and square planar (L–L)NiOC(CF 3 ) 2 C(CF 3 ) 2 O. In both complexes the conformations of the chelate rings are locked with the t-butyl groups equatorial. The dihedral angles are very similar in spite of the anticipated differences in angles at the central atom. The square planar complexes (L–L)′PtbipyCl 2 and (L–L) 2 ′PtCl 2 and their palladium analogs ((L–L)′ = H 2 NCH 2 CH(C(CH 3 ) 3 )CD 2 NH 2 ) also have their chelate rings in locked chair conformations. This results in the identification of isomers in the case of (L–L) 2 ′M 2+ . The 3 J H–H couplings indicate that the dihedral angles are similar in the group VIII complexes with a degree of puckering which could be less than in related complexes of L–L. The 3 J Pt–H couplings indicate changes in the puckering about the N … N axis.