gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CMOS SPAD Sensor With a Multi-Event Folded Flash Time-to-Digital Converter for Ultra-Fast Optical Transient Capture (2018)

A digital silicon photomultiplier in 130-nm CMOS imaging technology implements time-correlated single photon counting at an order of magnitude beyond the conventional pile-up limit. The sensor comprises a 32 × 32 43% fill-factor single photon avalanche diode array with a multi-event folded-flash time-to-digital converter architecture operating at 10 GS/s. 264 bins × 16 bit histograms are generated and read out from the chip at a maximal 188 kHz enabling fast time resolved scanning or ultrafast low-light event capture. Full optical and electrical characterization results are presented.
Cytokine-induced killer cells: A novel immunotherapy strategy for leukemia (2014)

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are NK-like T cells derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells that are co-stimulated and expanded using cytokines for 14-21 days <i>in vitro</i>. CIK cells are a heterogeneous subset of highly-efficient cytotoxic T effector cells that mediate major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted cytotoxicity against a broad array of tumor cells. These effector cells are generated from patients with leukemia or healthy donors who demonstrate similar cytotoxic activity against leukemia blasts. Allogeneic CIK cells retain the ability to produce the graft versus tumor response and generate minimal graft versus host disease. In addition, CIK cells possess no cytotoxicity against normal hematopoietic stem cells <i>in vivo</i>. Leukemia recurrence remains a formidable obstacle, but adoptive immunotherapy offers promise for the eradication of minimal residual disease and prevention of leukemia relapse following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. CIK cell infusion started a novel generation of adoptive immunotherapy and exhibits particular potential applications in the area of hematological malignancy. In the present study, the previous strategies of leukemia immunotherapy using CIK cells are reviewed and the future directions of development are discussed.
Efficacy of Recombinant Fowl Poxvirus Vaccine in Protecting Chickens against a Highly Pathogenic Mexican-Origin H5N2 Avian Influenza Virus (1997)

Internationally and nationally, governments and the poultry industries have used various strategies to control avian influenza (AI), ranging from a minimum of living with mildly pathogenic AI virus (AIV) infections to the other extreme of implementing a total quarantine-slaughter approach for eradication of highly pathogenic (HP) forms of the disease. However, recent economic considerations in various countries have prompted a broader reevaluation of vaccination as one of several tools to be used in AI control programs, including H5 and H7 HP AI. In the current study, 1-day-old chickens were immunized with a recombinant fowl poxvirus vaccine containing a hemagglutinin gene insert (Vector-HA) from an H5 AIV. Vector-HA- and negative control (vector-control)-vaccinated chicks were challenged with a HP H5N2 AIV isolated from chickens in Mexico. All immunized chickens were antibody negative on the agar gel precipitin test, indicating that vaccination would not interfere with routine AI serologic surveillance programs in the United States. However, in the hemagglutinin-inhibition test, a few immunized chickens (8%) had low serologic titers. Protection against illness (90-100%) and death (90-100%) was provided by the vector-HA vaccine from 3 wk of age to the end of the 20-wk study. The number of chickens shedding the challenge AIV from their enteric tracts was significantly reduced (50-75%) and the quantity of challenge AIV shed from respiratory and enteric tracts was significantly reduced (10(1)-10(2.1) mean embryo lethal dose/ml) in most vector-HA vaccine groups when compared with vector-control groups. Furthermore, vector-HA vaccination reduced in contact transmission of HP AI challenge virus to both vector-HA- and vector-control-vaccinated chickens. These findings indicate the recombinant fowl poxvirus vaccine can be a useful tool in an AI control program by preventing illness and death in chickens and reducing intestinal and respiratory shedding of H5 AIV. However, for an AI control program to be successful, enhanced biosecurity and surveillance must be practiced, and the vaccine's use must be controlled by an industry and/or government task force.
An analysis of several configuration design systems (1993)

Design has been extensively studied by artificial intelligence researchers for many years. These studies have resulted in a large number of design tools that perform interesting tasks. Understanding the capabilities of these tools is, however, very difficult, which seriously impedes progress in the field. A better understanding of different tools can be achieved by analyzing the knowledge use of existing tools. Such an analysis of six configuration design tools is presented. This results in a model of configuration design that shows significant similarity in the tasks performed by these tools.
Frequent hospital readmissions for acute exacerbation of COPD and their associated factors (2006)

Frequent past readmission for AECOPD was associated with disease severity and psychosocial distress and increased use of vaccinations.
1.8 GHz Lumped Component Thick Film Amplifier (1974)

This article has no abstract.
Polarization fatigue in ferroelectric vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene copolymer thin films (2011)

In recent years polarization fatigue in ferroelectric polymers has attracted much attention due to their potential use in nonvolatile memories, though the mechanism is still an open question. Here we mainly focus on the experimental observations on two physical phenomena occurring during fatigue process: The frequency dependence of the fatigue rate and the change in the coercive field with increased fatigue cycles. The frequency dependence of fatigue rate shows that at lower fatigue frequencies the rate obeys a universal scaling behavior with respect to N/f, where N is the fatigue cycles and f is the fatigue frequency, while at much higher frequencies this scaling behavior is broken and the fatigue rate is N/f dependent. In addition, both the increase and the decrease of the coercive field are observed, which indicates that the change in the coercive field should be dominated by different mechanisms. Based on the understanding of the crucial influence of space charges on electrical fatigue, we give a detailed discussion on both phenomena.
Efficient and Practical Deacylation Reaction System in a Continuous Packed-Bed Reactor (2019)

The ester deacylation reaction is widely applied in organic synthesis for preparing desired hydroxy compounds, as the acyl group is often used for protecting the hydroxyl group. This reaction is usually performed by acid, base, or enzyme catalysts, which have to be removed by complicated workups such as extraction or filtration in batch mode. Therefore, a simple deacylation process is desirable to improve productivity, especially at the industrial scale. In this work, we established an efficient and practical packed-bed reactor system for undertaking the deacylation reaction using an anion-exchange resin that provides a simple process compared with batch processing. We also demonstrated that this technique is applicable to the preparation of a wide variety of desired pharmaceutical intermediates containing hydroxy groups in good to excellent yields.
Non-Isothermal Nucleation and Crystallization of 12-Hydroxystearic Acid in Vegetable Oils (2008)

The non-isothermal nucleation rate of a self-assembling fibrillar network of 12-hydroxystearic acid in canola oil was found to be inversely proportional to the undercooling time exposure of the system. Moreover, fiber growth kinetics could be adequately modeled using the Avrami equation. Both nucleation and fiber growth kinetics displayed two distinct regimes, above and below 5 °C/min. The abrupt change in the rate of nucleation, crystal growth rate constant, and the degree of branching at this cooling rate are related to whether the nucleation and crystal growth processes are governed by mass transfer or thermodynamics. At rapid cooling rates, above 5 °C/min, the driving force for both nucleation and crystal growth is the time-dependent chemical potential difference between the molten solid in solution and the crystallized solid (the degree of undercooling or supersaturation). At low cooling rates, however, the rate of crystallization is no longer determined by this dynamic chemical potential difference, but rather only limited by time. In the slow cooling regime, we show that there are no noncrystallographic mismatches which would lead to fiber branching. Using the models developed and adapted in this work, we could accurately predict the fiber length, rate of nucleation, rate of crystal growth, induction time of nucleation, and the degree of branching of a 12HSA SAFIN.
Humanized monoclonal antibody against parathyroid hormone-related protein suppresses osteolytic bone metastasis of human breast cancer cells derived from MDA-MB-231. (2006)

The humanized anti-PTHrP mAb was effective against bone metastasis by inducing osteogenesis and, therefore, will provide a new treatment option for bone metastasis in breast cancer.
Control of European Corn Borer in Whorl Stage Corn, 1996 (1997)

Abstract The experimental design was RCB with 20 insecticide treatments and an untreated check replicated four times. Single-row plots were 50 ft in length and at 30 inch spacings. Corn was no-till planted into soybean residue on 29 Apr. All granular insecticides were applied in a seven inch band over the whorl with a specially designed cone belt distributors mounted on a Hahn Hi-boy. The distributors were also mounted on the plantar for the in-furrow treatment of Regent 3G applied at planting. Liquid insecticides were applied with a back-pack sprayer directing the spray solution into the whorl and calibrated to deliver 18 gpa at 30 psi, excepting Regent 80WG which was applied in-furrow at planting time. The planting time in-furrow treatment was applied as 1.0 gpa spray solution. On 27 Jun, six black headed ECB egg-masses were placed in each whorl often marked plants per plot row. Whorl treatments were applied 6 days later on 3 Jul, excepting a treatment of regent 80WG which was applied to eight-inch corn on 14 Jun. On 30 Jul, the 10 marked plants in each replicate were dissected from tassel to ground, examined and the number of corn borer cavities recorded.
Isomerization of Cyclooctene and Cyclododecene Oxides Catalyzed by Solid Acids and Bases (1994)

Abstract The title reactions were carried out over seven catalysts. From cyclooctene oxide a large amount of 7-octenal was formed together with 3-cycloocten-1-ol over SiO2–Al2O3 and SiO2–TiO2, 3-cycloocten-1-ol over solid H3PO4, and cyclooctanone over FeSO4. Most catalysts except for NiSO4, Al2O3, and TiO2–ZrO2 produced 1,3-cyclododecadiene, cyclododecanone, and 2-cyclododecen-1-ol uniformly from cyclododecene oxide. Allylic alcohols were preferentially given by Al2O3 and TiO2–ZrO2.
Modeling of Threshold-Voltage Drift in Phase-Change Memory (PCM) Devices (2012)

The amorphous phase of the chalcogenide material in phase-change memory (PCM) devices is sensitive to temperature-activated crystallization and structural relaxation (SR). The latter leads to a change of device/material properties, such as the mobility band gap, the resistance, and the threshold voltage <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> for threshold switching. In this paper, we present a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> drift model based on physical descriptions of the electrical transport, the threshold switching, and the SR. We introduce an analytical formula describing the relation between the drift slopes of resistance and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> via the subthreshold slope STS of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> curve. A numerical model predicting the time evolution of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> for different programmed states in the PCM multilevel cell is finally presented and compared with experiments.
The emotion machine: commonsense thinking, artificial intelligence, and the future of the human mind (2007)

In this mind-expanding book, scientific pioneer Marvin Minsky continues his groundbreaking research, offering a fascinating new model for how our minds work. He argues persuasively that emotions, intuitions, and feelings are not distinct things, but different ways of thinking.By examining these different forms of mind activity, Minsky says, we can explain why our thought sometimes takes the form of carefully reasoned analysis and at other times turns to emotion. He shows how our minds progress from simple, instinctive kinds of thought to more complex forms, such as consciousness or self-awareness. And he argues that because we tend to see our thinking as fragmented, we fail to appreciate what powerful thinkers we really are. Indeed, says Minsky, if thinking can be understood as the step-by-step process that it is, then we can build machines -- artificial intelligences -- that not only can assist with our thinking by thinking as we do but have the potential to be as conscious as we are.Eloquently written, The Emotion Machine is an intriguing look into a future where more powerful artificial intelligences await.
Pectic Enzymes in Pectolyase (1989)

The pectic enzymes in Pectolyase were separated by ion exchange chromatography on Q-Sepharose. Three pectin lyases, two polygalacturonases, and a pectinmethylesterase were resolved. The enzymes were further purified on Mono Q and/or Mono S columns to remove traces of cellulase. The enzymes had molecular weights ranging from 25,000 to 36,000 daltons. They were optimally active between pH 4.0 and 6.2 and were not greatly affected by ions. The pectin lyases and polygalacturonases were endo-enzymes. They solubilized uronic acids from washed cell wall fragments, but the lyases were much more effective than the polygalacturonases. The mixture of enzymes constituting Pectolyase increased ethylene production 15- to 25-fold when introduced into tomato and orange fruits. The enzymes purified from Pectolyase all increased ethylene production in the fruits but the lyases were generally more effective than the hydrolases.
Prognostic significance of p27 <sup>Kip1</sup> expression in bladder cancer (2007)

Low expression of p27(Kip1) was a significant independent predictor of pelvic recurrence, progression to metastasis, death from disease and death from any cause, in patients with bladder cancer.
Serum Cardiac Troponin I is Related to Increased Left Ventricular Wall Thickness, Left Ventricular Dysfunction, and Male Gender in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2009)

In patients with HCM, serum cTnI was associated with important clinical indices such as maximum LV wall thickness, LV dysfunction, and male gender. Serum cTnI seemed to have clinical significance different from that of BNP and may not be reflecting cardiac load but the LV remodeling process in HCM.
Identification of Proteolytic Bacteria from Thai Traditional Fermented Foods and Their Allergenic Reducing Potentials (2008)

This study aimed to identify proteolytic bacteria from Thai traditional fermented foods and investigate their allergenic reducing potentials to wheat and milk allergens. Nine bacteria were isolated from fermented foods as follows: fermented soybean seeds (Thua Nao), fermented soybean paste (Thua Nao), wheat flour dough of steamed stuffed bun (Sa La Pao), and soaked rice from Thai fermented rice-noodle (Kha Nhom Jeen) processing. Both phenotypic and genotypic identifications were used in this study. It was found that all isolates were Gram-positive rods. Seven isolates were matched and identified as Bacillus subtilis by both techniques, and the remaining 2 isolates were phenotypically and genotypically identified as B. licheniformis and B. subtilis, respectively. The concentrated crude enzyme of B. subtilis DB and SR could reduce allergenicity of gliadin by hydrolyzing the allergenic gliadin fragments detected by immunoblotting. Furthermore, the enzyme of B. subtilis DB could also reduce allergenicity of beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG) detected by hydrolyzing the major allergenic epitope of beta-LG at Gln(35)-Ser(36) position. B. subtilis DB and SR can be applied for the production of hypoallergenic wheat flour or milk food products.
The Nintendo generation comes of age: The technologist of the future (1996)

While many products and inventions have revolutionized the computer world, none has had a greater impact than the Nintendo. The Nintendo game was developed for the children of the Babyboom generation. Dubbed the Nintendo generation, these children have grown up in a digital world that they could control. This Nintendo generation have pushed the technological limits because they didn't know any better. Now, this generation has locked onto the World Wide Web as their playground, displacing the previous analog generation.
Force-mediated molecule release from double network hydrogels (2021)

The incorporation of mechanosensitive linkages into polymers has led to materials with dynamic force responsivity. Here we report oxanorbornadiene cross-linked double network hydrogels that release molecules through a force-mediated retro Diels-Alder reaction. The molecular design and tough double network of polyacrylamide and alginate promote significantly higher activation at substantially less force than pure polymer systems. Activation at physiologically relevant forces provides scope for instilling dynamic mechanochemical behavior in soft biological materials.
Main-chain cholesteric liquid crystalline polyesters with chiral pendant groups. 1. Model compounds and polyesters containing a chiral substituted hydroquinone (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMain-chain cholesteric liquid crystalline polyesters with chiral pendant groups. 1. Model compounds and polyesters containing a chiral substituted hydroquinoneKoichi Fujishiro and Robert W. LenzCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 1, 81–87Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00027a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00027a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ PRONUNCIATION BY LISTENING TO THE AUDIO VISUAL AND ITS TRANSCRIPTION OF THE NARRATIVE TEXT (2015)

Abstract: This research aimed to improve students’ pronunciation by listening to the audio visual and its transcription of the narrative text of eight grade students of SMP S Khatulistiwa Jungkat in academic year 2013/2014. The writer applied Classroom Action Research which consisted of three cycles. The subject of this research was the second year students of class eight of SMP S Khatulistiwa Jungkat. They consist of 23 students. The data was collected using observation checklist, questionnaire, field notes, and tape recorder. Audio visual media and its transcription improved students’ pronunciation in each cycle and process of teaching and learning pronunciation. The audio visual was played several times and the students repeated by reading the transcription of the narrative text based on the audio. The transcription had been added with symbols to help the students to read the text based on the audio. The repetition of the audio and the transcription of the narrative text helped the students to improve their pronunciation. Audio visual and its transcription helped and encouraged students to learn pronunciation. In conclusion, audio visual and its transcription helped students’ improved their pronunciation. Keywords: Pronunciation, Audio Visual, Transcription Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengucapan siswa dengan mendengarkan audio visual dan transkripsi teks narasi siswa kelas delapan SMP S Khatulistiwa Jungkat pada tahun akademik 2013/2014. Penulis menerapkan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang terdiri dari tiga siklus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa tahun kedua kelas delapan SMP S Khatulistiwa Jungkat. Mereka terdiri dari 23 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi, angket, catatan lapangan, dan tape recorder. Media audio visual dan transkripsi yang meningkatkan pengucapan siswa dalam setiap siklus dan proses belajar dan mengajar pengucapan. Audio visual yang dimainkan beberapa kali dan siswa mengulanginya dengan membaca transkripsi teks naratif berdasarkan audio. Transkripsi telah ditambahkan dengan simbol untuk membantu para siswa untuk membaca teks berdasarkan audio. Pengulangan audio dan transkripsi teks naratif membantu siswa untuk meningkatkan pengucapan mereka. Audio visual dan transkripsi membantu dan mendorong siswa untuk belajar pengucapan dengan efektif. Kesimpulannya, audio visual dan transkripsi membantu meningkatkan pengucapan murid-murid. Kata kunci : Pengucapan, Audio Visual, Transkripsi
Biology and control of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy) (2001)

The sawfly occurs one generation a year in Shaanxi, and overwinters in the needle of Chinese pine, Pinus tablaeformis, by means of eggs. Egg hatch in the middle and late April of next year. The peak stage of larvae damage to Chinese pine is in early and middle May, and prepupa or sixth larvae in cocoon oversummers in litter, and sometimes diapause in the cocoon. The sawfly is a kind of intolerant insect species, and seriously damages in the middle and young plantaton of small crown density. 5 newly-found species of parasite, Cleptes sp. (Chrysididae), Tritheptis sp. (Ptzromalidae), Lathrolestes sp., Endays sp. and Agrothereus sp. (Ichneumonidae), and Cleptes sp. and Tritneptis sp. are dominant. The parasite rate to cocoon reaches 40%. Parasite rate and predator rate to cocoon of the sawfly and pathogenic microoganism can reach 48.7%-64%. 1.5% of Dalf and Dylex (Parathion methyl and Trichlorfan) dust is used to control larvae of the sawfly. 3.75kg/hm~(2) of the dust control reaches more than 95%.
Electromechanical-assisted gait training after stroke: A systematic review comparing end-effector and exoskeleton devices (2012)

The results suggest that the type of electromechanical-assisted device might influence the outcome of gait rehabilitation after stroke.