gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tamil market (2006)

In this paper, we describe the design process, results, and observations from a pilot user study for Tamil Market, a speech-driven agricultural query system, conducted in community centers in rural India. The primary users were rural villagers of varying degrees of literacy from three districts of Tamil Nadu. Preliminary findings from a Wizard-of-Oz field study show that rural villagers are able to navigate through a dialog system using their voice, regardless of literacy level and previous experience with technology. Traditional user study techniques, however, favor literate users and are ill-suited to research in developing regions.
High-Resolution Magnetic Recording Structures (1958)

Design concepts are established for several high-resolution magnetic recording structures, and their application demonstrated. The conventional ring head is treated and two new devices are described. A probe-type unit is discussed which shows promise in high-density vertical magnetic recording. A wire-grid array is also advanced to outline a unique conceptual approach to the achievement of higher resolution.
Interpretation of hyperspectral remote-sensing imagery by spectrum matching and look-up tables (2005)

A spectrum-matching and look-up-table (LUT) methodology has been developed and evaluated to extract environmental information from remotely sensed hyperspectral imagery. The LUT methodology works as follows. First, a database of remote-sensing reflectance (Rrs) spectra corresponding to various water depths, bottom reflectance spectra, and water-column inherent optical properties (IOPs) is constructed using a special version of the HydroLight radiative transfer numerical model. Second, the measured Rrs spectrum for a particular image pixel is compared with each spectrum in the database, and the closest match to the image spectrum is found using a least-squares minimization. The environmental conditions in nature are then assumed to be the same as the input conditions that generated the closest matching HydroLight-generated database spectrum. The LUT methodology has been evaluated by application to an Ocean Portable Hyperspectral Imaging Low-Light Spectrometer image acquired near Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas, on 17 May 2000. The LUT-retrieved bottom depths were on average within 5% and 0.5 m of independently obtained acoustic depths. The LUT-retrieved bottom classification was in qualitative agreement with diver and video spot classification of bottom types, and the LUT-retrieved IOPs were consistent with IOPs measured at nearby times and locations.
Digit ratio (2D:4D), dominance, reproductive success, asymmetry, and sociosexuality in the BBC Internet Study (2008)

Digit ratio (2D:4D) may be a correlate of prenatal sex steroids, and has been linked to traits, which are influenced by fetal testosterone and estrogen. Here we consider such links in a large Internet study of sex differences (the BBC Internet Study) in which finger lengths were self-measured. Consistent with lab-based findings the 2D:4D in this study shows sexual dimorphism, ethnic differences and higher dimorphism of right 2D:4D than left, thereby indicating that 2D:4D does measure real between-participant variation. High error in self-measurement of fingers reduces effect sizes. However, the large sample size gives assurance that significant effects are likely to be real. We controlled for ethnicity and sexual orientation by considering White heterosexuals only (153,429 participants). Sexual dimorphism was confirmed in 2D:4D and for the difference of right-left 2D:4D. After Bonferroni correction we found highly significant relationships with low effect sizes as follows. In males and females there were negative associations between 2D:4D and dominance. In males there were negative associations between 2D:4D and family size and factors associated with reproductive success. For females these associations were positive. For asymmetry we found U-shaped relationships with 2D:4D in both males and females. We found no relationship between 2D:4D and promiscuity (sociosexuality). In total, we considered 48 relationships and found 29 to be significant. We compare our findings with a similar study reported by Putz et al. (2004), which found only 2 out of 57 correlations to be significant and discuss possible reasons for the discrepancies between the studies.
Phénomènes d'électroluminescence (1956)

Pas de Résumé disponible
Estimating Mixture of Dirichlet Process Models (1998)

Abstract Current Gibbs sampling schemes in mixture of Dirichlet process (MDP) models are restricted to using “conjugate” base measures that allow analytic evaluation of the transition probabilities when resampling configurations, or alternatively need to rely on approximate numeric evaluations of some transition probabilities. Implementation of Gibbs sampling in more general MDP models is an open and important problem because most applications call for the use of nonconjugate base measures. In this article we propose a conceptual framework for computational strategies. This framework provides a perspective on current methods, facilitates comparisons between them, and leads to several new methods that expand the scope of MDP models to nonconjugate situations. We discuss one in detail. The basic strategy is based on expanding the parameter vector, and is applicable for MDP models with arbitrary base measure and likelihood. Strategies are also presented for the important class of normal-normal MDP models and for problems with fixed or few hyperparameters. The proposed algorithms are easily implemented and illustrated with an application.
Ontology-based structured cosine similarity in document summarization: with applications to mobile audio-based knowledge management (2005)

Development of algorithms for automated text categorization in massive text document sets is an important research area of data mining and knowledge discovery. Most of the text-clustering methods were grounded in the term-based measurement of distance or similarity, ignoring the structure of the documents. In this paper, we present a novel method named structured cosine similarity (SCS) that furnishes document clustering with a new way of modeling on document summarization, considering the structure of the documents so as to improve the performance of document clustering in terms of quality, stability, and efficiency. This study was motivated by the problem of clustering speech documents (of no rich document features) attained from the wireless experience oral sharing conducted by mobile workforce of enterprises, fulfilling audio-based knowledge management. In other words, this problem aims to facilitate knowledge acquisition and sharing by speech. The evaluations also show fairly promising results on our method of structured cosine similarity.
A robust digital sensor IP and sensor insertion flow for in-situ path timing slack monitoring in SoCs (2015)

Because of process variations, the post-silicon critical or near-critical paths differ from those identified in the pre-silicon stage. Thus, it has become necessary to extract timing slack information from circuit paths in the post-silicon phase. In this paper, we present a robust digital sensor IP for in-situ timing slack monitoring on actual circuit paths from SoCs. The timing slack data is converted into a digital format and stored in a dedicated scan register chain for easy extraction at any point in time during test and functional modes. A novel layout-aware and netlist-level sensor insertion flow is proposed. The sensor IP has been designed with 32/28nm standard cell library and its performance is demonstrated in the physical design of several benchmark circuits.
Effect of glutathione peroxidase mimic ebselen (PZ51) on endothelium and vascular structure of stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (2005)

Administration of PZ51 for 6 weeks can protect the endothelium and inhibit vascular remodeling, maybe due to its suppression of lipid peroxide formation and increase in eNOS protein expression.
Spectral reflectance of human skin in vivo. (1990)

A newly developed skin reflectance spectrophotometer was evaluated for measurements of both melanin pigmentation and erythema. Physiological changes in blood flow and blood content in normal humans were induced by compression with an arm cuff during recording of skin reflectance spectra. Reflectance spectra of UV-induced erythema were also recorded and compared with laser-Doppler flow measurements. Spectral reflectance measurements were found to be highly sensitive in determining minimal erythema, which was not clinically detectable. The measurements of erythema using reflectance spectroscopy and UV irradiation were very highly correlated (r = 0.996). It was possible to calculate the in vivo absorbance of oxygenized haemoglobin. The melanin pigmentation following UV irradiation was quantified by reflectance spectroscopy and correlates highly with the dose of UV irradiation (r = 0.995). Furthermore, regional variations in skin melanin and haemoglobin were analysed for fair Caucasian skin.
Stem Cells from Adipose Tissue Allow Challenging New Concepts for Regenerative Medicine (2007)

The perspective of an innovative new concept integrating tissue-engineering techniques with an established surgical technique is described. The focus is primarily on a one-step surgical procedure using adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, a calcium phosphate scaffold as a carrier, and a bioresorbable polymer cage to facilitate spinal interbody fusion. We address the harvesting and processing of clinically relevant quantities of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, triggering of these stem cells toward lineage-specific differentiation, seeding of the triggered stem cells on a bioresorbable scaffold, and implantation of the resulting tissue-engineered construct. The integrated steps can be accomplished within one surgical procedure in a surgical theater. Although the proposed concept has been developed for spinal fusion, potential application in other surgical disciplines is presumed realistic.
Simultaneous Analysis of Heart Rate Variability and Myocardial Contractility During Head‐Up Tilt in Patients with Vasovagal Syncope (2001)

Our findings showed that a homogeneous subgroup of patients with recurrent vasovagal syncope and positive HUT exhibited abnormal cardiac autonomic and inotropic responses to an orthostatic stimulus. Continuous changes over time of HRV and PEA parameters highlight the dynamic behavior of the mechanisms leading to syncope.
A review of: “Agency, Health and Social Survival: The Ecopolitics of Rival Psychologies” (1999)

Abstract Caroline New (1996) Agency, Health and Social Survival: the Ecopolitics of Rival Psychologies, London: Taylor & Francis, 190 pp., $12.95
Heuristic Evaluation Based on Lifted Relaxed Planning Graphs (2014)

In previous work we have shown that grounding, while used by most (if not all) modern state-of-the-art planners, is not necessary and is sometimes even undesirable. In this paper we extend this work and present a novel forward-chaining planner that does not require grounding and can solve problem instances that are too large for current planners to handle. We achieve this by exploiting equivalence relationships between objects whist constructing a lifted version of the relaxed planning graph (RPG) and extracting a relaxed plan. We compare our planner to FF and show that our approach consumes far less memory whist still being competitive. In addition we show that by not having to ground the domain we can solve much larger problem instances.
Distributed type of actuators of shape memory alloy and its application to underwater mobile robotic mechanisms. (1990)

This paper reports the key features of a new type of actuator based on shape memory alloy (SMA) and its application to mechanisms of underwater mobile robots. The proposed actuator consists of several modes of SMA, so that any shapes can be produced as the synthesized sum of excited modes, like the mode expansion and synthesis. Thus, the actuator shows the characteristics of the distributed parameter type of actuators with a specified number of modes. In this paper, the following aspects are described: (i) A flat-belt type of SMA is employed and its bending characteristics are examined. (ii) A synthetic method of wave forms is presented. (iii) Applying the proposed distributed actuators to the underwater mobile robot, mechanisms such as fish fins are shown to obtain thrust forces in the water. (iv) The shape of the actuator is experimentally verified to be similar to the computed shape, as expected. As a result, the proposed distributed actuator shows the possibility of applications to distributed parameter shape control.
Aminopyridine block of transient potassium current. (1982)

The blocking action of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and 3, 4-diaminopyridine (Di-AP) on transient potassium current (IA) in molluscan central neurons was studied in internal perfusion voltage-clamp experiments. Identical blocking effects were seen when the drugs were applied either externally or internally. It was found that aminopyridines have two kinds of effects on IA channels. The first involves block of open channels during depolarizing pulses and results in a shortening of the time to peak current and an increase in the initial rate of decay of current. This effect of the drug is similar to the block of delayed potassium current by tetraethylammonium (TEA). The other effect is a steady block that increases in strength during hyperpolarization, is removed by depolarization, and is dependent on the frequency of stimulation. The voltage dependence of steady state block approximates the voltage dependence of inactivation gating a changes e-fold in approximately 10 mV. These data suggest that the strength of block may depend on the state of IA gating such that the resting state of the channel with open inactivation gate is more susceptible to block than are the open or inactivated states. A multistate sequential model for IA gating and voltage-dependent AP block is developed.
Association between Intravascular Microthrombosis and Cerebral Ischemia in Traumatic Brain Injury (2004)

These data support a strong link between intravascular microthrombosis and neuronal death after brain trauma in humans and may have important implications for new therapeutic approaches.
Relation of thickness and some physical properties of NiFe thin films (1991)

The magnetic properties of rf sputtered Ni81Fe19 films were studied as a function of thickness from &lt;100 to ∼1200 Å. In contrast to some recently reported studies, there was no evidence of an oscillatory dependence of resistivity on Δρ as a function of thickness. The magnetoresistance, resistance, coercivity, and anisotropy field varied smoothly with thickness. In contrast, the magnetostriction λs had a minimum of −1.5×10−6 at ∼300 Å. The saturation magnetic moment did not decrease with thickness over the thickness range studied here. The derived magnetoresistance of an ‘‘infinitely’’ thick film was 3.92% compared to the bulk value of ∼4%. The analysis indicates that surface and grain-boundary scattering are the primary cause of lower than bulk values of magnetoresistance in these thin permalloy films.
Syngeneic monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies that bear the internal image of a human cytomegalovirus neutralization epitope. (1988)

Two glycoproteins have been identified on human CMV that induce neutralizing antibody; an 86,000-Da glycoprotein and a 130,000-, 92,000-, and 50,000-Da glycoprotein coimmunoprecipitating complex that appears to be the gB homologue of HSV. We have produced syngeneic monoclonal anti-Id antibodies (mAb2) of the IgM isotype to a CMV-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb1) that is known to bind to the 86,000-Da glycoprotein on the virion envelope. These mAb2 bear the internal image of the original viral antigen as shown by their ability to 1) recognize an interspecies idiotype in CMV-positive human antisera, 2) block mAb1 binding to CMV antigen, and 3) block CMV neutralization by mAb1 in vitro. Immunization of mice with both of these affinity chromatography-purified mAb2 stimulated the production of anti-anti-Id monoclonal antibodies (which we termed mAb3), which bound to the mAb2 by ELISA and neutralized CMV infectivity.
Depolarization induced by subwavelength metal hole arrays (2003)

We present a symmetry-based theory of the depolarization induced by subwavelength metal hole arrays. We derive the Mueller matrices of hole arrays with various symmetries (in particular square and hexagonal) when illuminated by a finite-diameter (e.g. gaussian) beam. The depolarization is due to a combination of two factors: (i) propagation of surface plasmons along the surface of the array, (ii) a spread of wave vectors in the incident beam.
Visualization-aware sampling for very large databases (2016)

Interactive visualizations are crucial in ad hoc data exploration and analysis. However, with the growing number of massive datasets, generating visualizations in interactive timescales is increasingly challenging. One approach for improving the speed of the visualization tool is via data reduction in order to reduce the computational overhead, but at a potential cost in visualization accuracy. Common data reduction techniques, such as uniform and stratified sampling, do not exploit the fact that the sampled tuples will be transformed into a visualization for human consumption. We propose a visualization-aware sampling (VAS) that guarantees high quality visualizations with a small subset of the entire dataset. We validate our method when applied to scatter and map plots for three common visualization goals: regression, density estimation, and clustering. The key to our sampling method's success is in choosing a set of tuples that minimizes a visualization-inspired loss function. While existing sampling approaches minimize the error of aggregation queries, we focus on a loss function that maximizes the visual fidelity of scatter plots. Our user study confirms that our proposed loss function correlates strongly with user success in using the resulting visualizations. Our experiments show that (i) VAS improves user's success by up to 35% in various visualization tasks, and (ii) VAS can achieve a required visualization quality up to 400× faster.
Characterisation of oral and i.v. glucose handling in truncally vagotomised subjects with pyloroplasty (2013)

GIGD is diminished, but the incretin effect is unaffected in vagotomised subjects despite higher GLP1 levels. This, together with the small effect of DPP4i, is compatible with the notion that part of the physiological effects of GLP1 involves vagal transmission.
Modulation of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor levels in a reperfusion injury pig kidney-graft model1 (2002)

This study indicates that PBR expression correlates with the quality of kidney preservation and might serve as an index of kidney and mitochondria viability. Moreover, these data suggest that PBR might be involved in membrane biogenesis during reperfusion. In addition, considering the identical localization of PBR in human and pig kidneys, these findings could have a direct application in human clinical settings of kidney pathology.
Application-Tailored I/O with Streamline (2011)

Streamline is a stream-based OS communication subsystem that spans from peripheral hardware to userspace processes. It improves performance of I/O-bound applications (such as webservers and streaming media applications) by constructing tailor-made I/O paths through the operating system for each application at runtime. Path optimization removes unnecessary copying, context switching and cache replacement and integrates specialized hardware. Streamline automates optimization and only presents users a clear, concise job control language based on Unix pipelines. For backward compatibility Streamline also presents well known files, pipes and sockets abstractions. Observed throughput improvement over Linux 2.6.24 for networking applications is up to 30-fold, but two-fold is more typical.
Elevated Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Activity and Perturbed Thiol Profile Are Associated With Features of Metabolic Syndrome (2008)

Dyslipidemic patients exhibiting MS are characterized by elevated GGT activity which is associated with perturbed metabolism of thiol compounds.
Characterizations of optical surfaces by measurement of scattering distribution (1984)

The micropolish of good quality optical surfaces can be characterized by measuring the scattered light distribution. Very often the surface defects are not isotropic but display preferred orientations that are translated into an anisotropy of the scattered light distribution. The total amount of light scattered by very high quality surfaces, coated or uncoated, scarcely exceeds a few hundred parts per million. Precise measurement of the distribution of the scattered light is always a task requiring great care and attention to detail. The apparatus is described. All the necessary degrees of freedom have been included so that the scattering may be completely analyzed. It is possible to make measurements out of the plane of incidence so that the complete spatial distribution of the scattered light can be obtained, whatever the angle of incidence of the primary beam. Thus to characterize the geometry of the system we use four fundamental parameters: the angle of incidence i, the two angles θ and ϕ that define the scattering direction, and the angle α that defines the orientation of the scattering surface in its own plane. Only two free parameters need exist because the surface roughness itself, which is the source of the scattered light, only depends on two variables. We have verified experimentally the validity of the relationships linking i, θ, ϕ, and α. In these relationships the expression for the intensity scattered in a particular direction (θ,ϕ) for an uncoated surface at angle of incidence i can be written in the form of the product of a coefficient, depending only on illumination and observation conditions, and of the 2-D Fourier transform of the autocorrelation functions of the surface roughness. Experimental measurements with uncoated surfaces of black glass have accorded with the theory. When the surfaces are coated with one or several layers the problem is more complicated, but it should be possible to derive information on the autocorrelation functions of each of the interfaces and the degree of correlation between them.
Superimposed Pilot Symbols for Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems (2005)

Abstract — We consider superimposing pilot symbols on to data symbols for channel estimation for Orthogonal Frequency Divi-sion Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. We first derive maximum-likelihood (ML) and minimum-mean square error (MMSE) iterative channel estimators. Modeling the time domain signal as Gaussian, we derive an ML channel estimator by averaging the likelihood function for both data and channel impulse response (CIR) over the resulting Gaussian vector. Two data detectors are also proposed by eliminating the CIR from the likelihood function. The resulting integer least squares problem can be efficiently solved using a sphere decoder (SD). Furthermore, the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the superimposed channel and data estimation is derived. The equispaced pilot placement is optimal in superimposed training. The ideal performance benchmarks are reached by our proposed estimators. Their performance is comparable to that of a separated training scheme, but they offer a higher data rate. I.