gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyoma-like particle: characterization of the DNA encapsidated in vitro by polyoma empty capsids. (1982)

Polyoma empty capsids and DNA interact in a cell-free system to form a polyoma-like particle (PLP). The particle is stable in high concentrations of salt and contains a DNA fragment that is protected by the capsid from the action of DNase I. The DNA extracted from PLP is heterogeneous in size. It has a mean molecular weight of 1.2 x 10(6) with a standard deviation of +/- 0.5 x 10(6). Analysis of PLP DNA with restriction endonucleases and the Southern blot technique reveals that a specific primary sequence is not required for PLP formation. Either linear, circular, or supercoiled polyoma DNA, as well as single-stranded DNA, rRNA, and the synthetic homopolymers poly(dA) . poly(dT) and poly(dG) . poly(dC) can be used for PLP formation. It is concluded that polyoma empty capsids can be used to bind and encapsidate nucleic acids differing in their primary, secondary, and superhelical tertiary structure to form, in vitro, stable polyoma-like particles.
Multispectral image analysis of binary encoded microspheres for highly multiplexed suspension arrays (2009)

To push the 100-plex envelope of suspension array technology, we have developed fully automated methods to acquire multispectral images of multiplexed quantum-dot (QD) encoded microspheres, to segment them in the images, to classify them based on their color code, and to quantify the multiplexed assays. Instead of coding microspheres with two colors and n levels, microspheres were coded with n colors and two levels (present or absent), thus transforming the classification problem from analog to digital. Images of multiplexed microspheres, sedimented at the bottom of microwells, were acquired through a tunable filter at the peak luminescence wavelength of each QD coding species in the system and the assay label wavelength. Another image of the light scattered from microspheres was captured in the excitation bandwidth that was utilized to localize microspheres in multispectral luminescence images. Objects in the acquired images are segmented and luminescence from each identified microsphere in each channel is recorded, based on which the "color code" of each microsphere is determined by applying a mathematical model and a classification algorithm. Our image analysis procedures could identify and classify microspheres with more than 97% accuracy, and the assay CVs were under 20%. These proof-of-principle results demonstrate that highly multiplexed quantification of specific proteins is possible with this rapid, small-sample volume format.
Decorrelator detection for quasi-synchronous multicarrier CDMA (2002)

A new multicarrier CDMA receiver is proposed for the reverse channel (mobiles to base) of a quasi-synchronous CDMA (QS-CDMA) system, which uses a decorrelator to demodulate the signal in each carrier. The advantage of the multicarrier CDMA system for quasi-synchronous operation is that the timing uncertainty interval can be progressively decreased by increasing the number of carriers and bits in the serial-to-parallel buffer. It has previously been shown that a modified decorrelator based on chip matched filter samples completely rejects undesired users with delays falling in the quasi-synchronous uncertainty interval. Here, it is also shown that the decorrelator rejects adjacent carrier undesired users, in contrast to the case of a system employing conventional matched filtering. Analytic BER results are presented for the decorrelator-based multicarrier CDMA system, under the conditions of Rayleigh frequency non-selective fading in each sub-band.
Systematic analysis of the intravoxel incoherent motion threshold separating perfusion and diffusion effects: Proposal of a standardized algorithm (2014)

IVIM parameters strongly depend upon the choice of the b-value threshold used for computation. The proposed algorithm may be used as a robust approach for IVIM analysis without organ-specific adaptation.
Management of quality of service enabled VPNs (2001)

New emerging IP services based on differentiated services and the IP security architecture offer the level of communication support that corporate Internet applications need nowadays. However, these services add an additional degree of complexity to IP networks which will require sophisticated management support. The management of enhanced IP services for their customers is thus an emerging important task for Internet service providers. This article describes a potential management architecture service providers will need for that task, considering problems such as multiprovider services and service automation. We focus on a quality-enhanced virtual private network service which is particularly useful for corporate internetworking.
Preparation of High-Coercivity Co–Pt Alloy Films by Target-Facing Type of High-Rate Sputtering (1983)

Co 1- x Pt x (0≦ x ≦0.2) thin films were prepared by using a Target-Facing type of high-rate sputtering (TFTS). The films deposited at lower argon gas pressure P Ar (≦5 mTorr) have only a low coercive force H c (<700 Oe). However, the value of H c for films deposited at higher P Ar (≧10 mTorr) increases monotonically as the Pt content increases, and films with high H c (>1 kOe) can be obtained at a Pt content of above 11 at%. These films, whose crystallites are oriented randomly, also have a large inplane uniaxial magnetic anistropy constant K 1 (\cong2.5×10 6 erg/cc) and excellent hysteresis loop squareness ( S \cong0.87, S * \cong0.98).
Novel Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors with Extended Carbocyclic Skeleton by a Combined Ligand-Based and Structure-Based Drug Design Approach (2008)

Pharmacophore modeling of a series of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) inhibitors triggered the design of compounds 11 and 12 by extending a previously established naphthalene molecular scaffold (e.g., present in molecules 1 and 2) via introduction of a phenyl or benzyl residue in 3-position. These additional aromatic moieties have been hypothesized to fit into the newly identified hydrophobic pharmacophore feature HY3. Subsequent docking studies in our refined CYP11B2 protein model have been performed prior to synthesis to estimate the inhibitory properties of the proposed molecules. While phenyl-substituted compound 11 (IC50 > 500 nM) did not dock under the given pharmacophore constraint (i.e., the Fe(heme)-N(ligand) interaction), benzyl-substituted compound 12 (IC50 = 154 nM) was found to exploit a previously unexplored subpocket of the inhibitor binding site. By structural optimization based on the pharmacophore hypothesis, 25 novel compounds were synthesized, among them highly potent CYP11B2 inhibitors (e.g., 17, IC50 = 2.7 nM) with pronounced selectivity toward the most important steroidogenic and hepatic CYP enzymes.
Optical shop testing (1978)

Fringe scanning techniques, now renamed heterodyning or phase shift interferometry, are covered in a completely rewritten chapter. New chapters have been added to cover wavefront fitting and evaluation as well as holographic and Moire methods. The chapter on parameter measurements has been completely rewritten and an appendix added suggesting appropriate tests for typical optical surfaces.
[A case of adenocarcinoma of lung cancer with multiple brain metastasis and lymphangitis carcinomatosa responding well to chemotherapy with carboplatin, etoposide and ifosfamide]. (1992)

A 75-year-old male who suffered from adenocarcinoma of lung cancer with multiple brain metastases, developed left hemiplegia. After diagnosis, he was treated with 4,000 cGy whole brain radiation, but soon after advanced lymphangitis carcinomatosa set in and his general condition deteriorated. He was administered carboplatin combination with etoposide and ifosfamide. Lymphangitis carcinomatosa disappeared, and the main tumor of lung and brain metastases were not growing. We recommended carboplatin for an old patient or one in poor condition, because it had less cytotoxicity and retained the same antitumor activity compared with cisplatin.
Crystalline Morphology and Polymorphic Phase Transitions in Electrospun Nylon-6 Nanofibers (2007)

Uniform nylon 6 nanofibers with diameters around 200 nm were prepared by electrospinning. Polymorphic phase transitions and crystal orientation of nylon 6 in unconfined (i.e., as-electrospun) and a high T(g) (340 degrees C) polyimide confined nanofibers were studied. Similar to melt-spun nylon 6 fibers, electrospun nylon 6 nanofibers also exhibited predominant, meta-stable gamma crystalline form, and the gamma-crystal (chain) axes preferentially oriented parallel to the fiber axis. Upon annealing above 150 degrees C, gamma-form crystals gradually melted and recrystallized into the thermodynamically stable alpha-form crystals, which ultimately melted at 220 degrees C. Release of surface tension accompanied this melt-recrystallization process, as revealed by differential scanning calorimetry. For confined nanofibers, both the melt-recrystallization and surface tension release processes were substantially depressed; gamma-form crystals did not melt and recrystallize into alpha-form crystals until 210 degrees C, only 10 degrees C below the T(m) at 220 degrees C. After complete melting of nano-confined crystals at 240 degrees C and recrystallization at 100 degrees C, only alpha-form crystals oriented perpendicular to the nanofiber axis were obtained. In the polyimide-confined nanofibers, the Brill transition (from the monoclinic alpha-form to a high temperature monoclinic form) was observed at 180-190 degrees C, which was at least 20 degrees C higher than that in unconfined nylon 6 at approximately 160 degrees C. This, again, was attributed to the confinement effect.
Synthesis of some substituted tetrahydropyrimido[4,5‐<i>b</i>][1,6]naphthyridines as potential antitumor agents (1987)

Abstract Cyclocondensation of two disubstituted 6‐aminopyrimidines 11 and 12 with 1‐benzyl‐3‐hydroxymethylene‐4‐piperidone afforded new tricyclic, linear disubstituted 6,7,8,9‐tetrahydropyrimido[4,5‐ b ][1,6]naphthyridines 4 and 5 respectively. Similar cyclocondensation of 11 with 1‐benzoyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine‐5‐carboxalde‐hyde gave the corresponding benzoylated tetrahydropyrimido[4,5‐ b ][1,6]naphthyridine 6 . Debenzoylation of 6 afforded 7 . 1‐Benzyl‐3‐aminomethylene‐4‐piperidone when cyclocondensed with 11 also afforded 4 . The linear structures were established by 1 H nmr and 13 C nmr. The growth of leukemia L1210 cells in culture was inhibited about 50% by 4,5,6 and 7 at 100 μM.
Evaluation of a novel noncontact spectrally and spatially resolved reflectance setup with continuously variable source-detector separation using silicone phantoms (2010)

We present a new variant of a noncontact, oblique incidence spatially resolved reflectance setup. The continuously variable source detector separation enables adaptation to high and low albedo samples. Absorption (μ(a)) and reduced scattering coefficients (μ(') (s)) are determined in the wavelength range of 400-1000 nm using a lookup table, calculated by a Monte Carlo simulation of the light transport. The method is characterized by an silicone phantom study covering a wide parameter range 0.01 mm(-1) ≤ μ(a) ≤ 2.5 mm(-1) and 0.2 mm(-1) ≤ μ(') (s) ≤ 10 mm(-1), which includes the optical parameters of tissue in the visible and near infrared. The influence of the incident angle and the detection aperture on the simulated remission was examined. Using perpendicular incidence and 90-deg detection aperture in the Monte Carlo simulation in contrast to the experimental situation with 30-deg incidence and 4.6-deg detection aperture is shown to be valid for the parameter range μ(') (s) > 1 mm(-1) and μ(a) < 1.2 mm(-1). A Mie calculation is presented, showing that a decreasing reduced scattering coefficient for increasing absorption can be the consequence of real physics instead of cross talk.
Casein Micelles. Formation and Structure. II<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCasein Micelles. Formation and Structure. II1David F. Waugh and Robert W. Noble Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 10, 2246–2257Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01088a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01088a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views394Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Controlled formation of anatase and rutile TiO2 thin films by reactive magnetron sputtering (2015)

We discuss the formation of TiO2 thin films via DC reactive magnetron sputtering. The oxygen concentration during sputtering proved to be a crucial parameter with respect to the final film structure and properties. The initial deposition provided amorphous films that crystallise upon annealing to anatase or rutile, depending on the initial sputtering conditions. Substoichiometric films (TiOx&lt;2), obtained by sputtering at relatively low oxygen concentration, formed rutile upon annealing in air, whereas stoichiometric films formed anatase. This route therefore presents a formation route for rutile films via lower (&lt;500 °C) temperature pathways. The dynamics of the annealing process were followed by in situ ellipsometry, showing the optical properties transformation. The final crystal structures were identified by XRD. The anatase film obtained by this deposition method displayed high carriers mobility as measured by time-resolved microwave conductance. This also confirms the high photocatalytic activity of the anatase films.
Characterization of woodwind instrument toneholes with the finite element method (2012)

A method is proposed to determine the transfer matrix parameters of a discontinuity in a waveguide with the finite element method (FEM). This is used to characterize open and closed woodwind instrument toneholes and develop expressions for the shunt and series equivalent lengths. Two types of toneholes are characterized: Unflanged toneholes made of thin material, such as found on saxophones and concert flutes, and toneholes drilled through a thick material, such as found on most instruments made of wood. The results are compared with previous tonehole models from the literature. In general, the proposed expressions provide a better fit across a wide range of frequencies and tonehole sizes than previous results. For tall toneholes, the results are in general agreement with previous models. For shorter tonehole heights, some discrepancies from previous results are found that are most important for larger diameter toneholes. Finally, the impact of a main bore taper (conicity) on the characterization of toneholes was investigated and found to be negligible for taper angles common in musical instruments.
[Thrombopenia caused by heparin. Review of the literature apropos of a personal case]. (1982)

Following operation for bladder papilloma and subcutaneous heparin therapy, a patient developed severe thrombopenia with biological signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation (D. I. C.). Heparin therapy was discontinued and the platelet count became normal, no further signs of (D. I. C.) being apparent. Histological examination of the excised tumor showed that it was non-malignant, the thrombopenia being directly related to the heparin treatment. A review of the published literature demonstrated variations in the frequency of this complication reported, with an apparently higher incidence in the USA than in France. This could possibly depend upon whether the heparin was prepared from pulmonary or intestinal tissue. The thrombopenia may be severe (platelet count less than 100,000/mm3) with resulting hemorrhages or more commonly thromboses, or moderate without clinical expression. The dose or mode of administration of the heparin does not appear to be a factor in the development of the thrombopenia, its mechanism not being clearly elucidated. From the practical point of view, a platelet count should be performed before heparin treatment, and this should be repeated if the treatment is continued for more than four days.
Porous Si anode materials for lithium rechargeable batteries (2010)

Si anode materials for lithium rechargeable batteries have received much attention due to their high capacity. The Si itself can alloy with lithium up to Li4.4Si, corresponding to 4212 mAh/g (4.4Li + Si ↔ Li4.4Si). However, the large volume expansion of over 300% due to the formation of various LixSiy phases generates enormous mechanical stress within the ionic character material, which becomes pulverized during the first few cycles and loses electrical integrity. Although such a drastic volume change cannot be removed completely, the degree of the volume change can be effectively reduced to utilize its application in anode materials. In this regard, when porous particles contain ordered pores, these pores act as a buffer layer for volume changes, demonstrating another means of controlling the volume expansion/contraction. In this review, recent developments in porous Si anodes, such as mesoporous nanowires, 3D porous particles, and nanotubes have been highlighted.
Deaths in Custody: 10 Years on from the Royal Commission (2001)

This paper examines the number and circumstances of deaths in custody for the decade studied by the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody, compared with those which have occurred in the decade since. The paper finds that the average annual rate of death in custody for an Indigenous person has decreased from 4.4 deaths per 100,000 persons between 1980 and 1989 to 3.8 deaths per 100,000 between 1990 and 1999. Over this period, as a proportion of all deaths in custody or police operations, deaths of Indigenous persons decreased from 21 per cent to 18 per cent. As a proportion of all deaths in custody, deaths in police custody have decreased in this decade, and deaths in prisons have increased.
Regional Test-Retest Variability of Confocal Scanning Laser Tomography (1995)

The regional variability of topographic measurements made with the confocal scanning laser tomograph correlates with the steepness of the corresponding region and is highest at the edge of the optic disk cup and along vessels. Because of their high test-retest variability, these steep areas may not be the best locations to follow up patients for progressive glaucomatous damage.
A versatile and modular capacitive tactile proximity sensor (2016)

In this work we discuss the design and realization of a novel capacitive tactile proximity sensor (CTPS) with applications in robotics and consumer-electronics. The current concept is an advancement with respect to a previous design developed at our lab. Experience in the development of applications based on the old sensor, such as manipulation and safe HRI, helped determining the requirements. The new sensor is capable of operating in a self- and mutual-capacitive proximity mode and in a mutual-capacitive tactile mode. The issue of having a trade-off between spatial resolution and sensing range in proximity mode due to the capacitive measurement principle is addressed. A circuit is designed to dynamically select or join electrodes involved in the proximity measurements, a technique which at the same time allows the implementation of the spatial resolution in the tactile mode. Also, all signal processing is done on board of the prototype sensor module, thus complete modularity is achieved.
Pervaporation properties of aromatic/nonaromatic hydrocarbons of crosslinked membranes of copolymers based on diethyl vinylbenzylphosphonate (2003)

Abstract Copoly(diethyl vinylbenzylphosphonate/hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [copoly(VBP–HEMA)] and copoly(diethyl vinylbenzylphosphonate/vinylbenzyl chloride) [copoly(VBP–VBC)] were prepared and their membranes crosslinked by a reaction of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and ethylene diamine with, respectively, hydroxyl and methylene chloride groups in their side chains. Pervaporation (PV) and sorption of benzene– n ‐hexane (Bz–Hx), benzene–cyclohexane (Bz–Cx), and toluene– n ‐octane (Tol– n ‐Ot) mixtures were investigated. The membranes were in a rubbery state and preferentially permeable to aromatics. They had higher specific permeation flux and a lower PV separation factor compared with the crosslinked membranes of methacrylate copolymers with analogous pendant groups. They displayed better PV performance for Tol– n ‐Ot. Sorption isotherms of Bz–Hx mixtures were represented by the Flory–Rehner model. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 2177–2185, 2003
An adaptable and self-calibrating service robotic scanner for ultrasonic inspection of nuclear nozzle-vessel welds (2012)

In this paper the development of a robotic scanner for non destructive inspection of the nozzle to vessel weld of Boiling Water Reactors (BWR) nuclear power plant reactors is presented. The scanner carries and deploys a specially designed ultrasonic (UT) 2D matrix phased array probe. The 3 degrees of freedom (d.o.f.) robotic scanner is mounted on the nozzle and drives the UT probe over selected areas above the weld on the vessel at predefined paths, via a 2-link manipulator mounted on a carriage, sliding on a precision 360 degrees circular ring. The system is controlled using hybrid position-force control for 3D trajectory tracking. The scanner's novelty lies in the very low setup time needed by operators, but mainly in its self-calibration capability by utilizing a variety of sensors, drastically minimizing the operators' exposure to nuclear radiation. Moreover, it is able to fit on nozzles of various diameters, as well as to operate on non-vertically nozzles welded on the vessel. The UT probe was designed to electronically steer its beam between 35 to 80 degrees and achieve electronic skewing between ±10 degrees for improved detection capabilities of the inspection technique. The developed 2D matrix phased array probe is positioned in a local immersion bath and combined with a flexible membrane front, complying on any curvature variations along the nozzle circumference. The performance of the prototype was successfully validated on a replica of a nuclear power plant nozzle.