gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gypsum Determination in Soils by Conversion to Water‐Soluble Sodium Sulfate (1994)

Abstract Precise and accurate determination of gypsum in soils has been difficult by the wet‐chemical methods, based on its solubility in water. In this work, 2‐g samples of three Typic Gypsiorthids were washed once with 25‐mL portions of 50% (v/v) ethanol to selectively remove nongypsic soluble sulfates. Soil gypsum was subsequently converted to CaCO 3 (s) and Na 2 SO 4 by ultrasonic dispersion of the samples twice with 25‐mL increments of 0.5 M Na 2 CO 3 solution. The SO 2− 4 in the supernatant solution was centrifuge separated and analyzed by the standard gravimetric BaSO 4 (A) and turbidimetric (B) methods to obtain the gypsum content of the samples. The agreement between the data of Methods A and B was excellent where the best‐fitted regression line coincided with the 1:1 line in a scattergram. Soil gypsum was also extracted with water, then determined by turbidimetric SO 2− 4 (C) and the Bower‐Huss conductometric (D) methods for comparison. Statistical analyses of the data showed higher values ( P = 0.05) of gypsum in soils obtained by the proposed method than by water extraction even when the same method of SO 2− 4 analysis was applied. The efficiency of the proposed method was 25 to 31 times greater than that achieved by water. The proposed method of gypsum extraction and its determination in soils from turbidimetric SO 2− 4 analysis was applied. The efficiency of the proposed method was 25 to 31 times greater than that acheived by water. The proposed method of gypsum extraction and its determination in soils from turibidimetric SO 2− 4 analysis is simple, rapid, and quite accurate for soil taxonomy, land reclamation, and other engineering purposes.
Capacitance transducer using a thin dielectric and variable-area electrode (1980)

A miniature capacitance transducer, having a high capacitance and displacement sensitivity, is described. It uses a thin dielectric film on a fixed plate electrode (anodised tantalum), and a variable-area electrode (a gold-coated flexible elastomer dome). An experimental transducer of diameter 7 mm and depth 1 mm has a full-scale capacitance of about 300 pF and a sensitivity of over 2 000 pF/mm.
Design of Sustainable Chemical ProductsThe Example of Ionic Liquids (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign of Sustainable Chemical ProductsThe Example of Ionic LiquidsJ. Ranke, S. Stolte, R. Störmann, J. Arning, and B. JastorffView Author Information Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Universität Bremen, Leobener Strasse, D-28359 Bremen, Germany Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 6, 2183–2206Publication Date (Web):June 13, 2007Publication History Received7 August 2006Published online13 June 2007Published inissue 1 June 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr050942shttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr050942sresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7659Altmetric-Citations715LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Cations,Salts,Solvents,Toxicity Get e-Alerts
An efficient contention resolution algorithm for input queuing atm cross‐connect switches (1989)

Abstract This paper describes an efficient contention resolution algorithm and its distributed implementation for large capacity input queuing cross‐connect switches, which will establish virtual paths in future broadband ATM networks. The algorithm dynamically allocates sending time to cells held in input queues when no contention is indicated in the designated output ports. An expression for the mean delay and the cell loss probability for random traffic are derived through an approximate analysis. Input cells are served on a first‐come, first‐served basis as conventional contention resolution algorithms whose throughput saturates at 58 per cent because of head of line blocking in input queues. The proposed algorithm achieves a maximum throughput of 76 per cent.
Effects of a Monounsaturated Fatty Acid–Enriched Hypocaloric Diet on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (1998)

Macronutrient content is an important determinant of the lipoprotein response to weight loss in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. MUFA-enriched hypocaloric diets potentiate the beneficial effects of weight loss to ameliorate cardiovascular risk factors in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages alters the structure and surface expression of protein-bound lactosaminoglycans. (1985)

We have begun to analyze and compare the surface carbohydrates present on populations of resident and activated mouse peritoneal macrophages. The activated macrophage populations studied include TG-elicited macrophages, BCG-activated macrophages, and resident macrophages cultured for 24 hr in the presence of lymphokines or heterologous serum. Analysis of glycopeptides generated by pronase digestion of surface glycoproteins labeled by the neuraminidase/galactose oxidase/NaB3H4 method indicates that the macrophage surface contains a class of high m.w. carbohydrates susceptible to degradation by endo-beta-galactosidase, lactosaminoglycans. These lactosaminoglycans are sialylated type 2 carbohydrates containing the repeating lactosamine disaccharide Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc as well as fucose residues. Macrophage activation was observed to markedly alter surface lactosaminoglycans. The alterations observed include 1) an increase in surface expression as determined by both an increase in neuraminidase/galactose oxidase/NaB3H4 labeling and by the ability of activated but not resident macrophages to bind I antibodies as assayed by indirect immunofluorescent surface staining, 2) the addition of alpha-galactose residues, and 3) an increase in GlcNAc beta 1-6Gal branching as indicated by an increased resistance to endo-beta-galactosidase degradation and by the ability of activated macrophages to bind I antibodies. These observations demonstrate that macrophage activation results in specific and substantial alterations in protein-bound surface carbohydrates.
X-57 power and command system design (2017)

This paper describes the power and command system architecture of the X-57 Maxwell flight demonstrator aircraft. The X-57 is an experimental aircraft designed to demonstrate radically improved aircraft efficiency with a 3.5 times aero-propulsive efficiency gain at a “high-speed cruise” flight condition for comparable general aviation aircraft. These gains are enabled by integrating the design of a new, optimized wing and a new electric propulsion system. As a result, the X-57 vehicle takes advantage of the new capabilities afforded by electric motors as primary propulsors. Integrating new technologies into critical systems in experimental aircraft poses unique challenges that require careful design considerations across the entire vehicle system, such as qualification of new propulsors (motors, in the case of the X-57 aircraft), compatibility of existing systems with a new electric power distribution bus, and instrumentation and monitoring of newly qualified propulsion system devices.
Trail: a track-based logging disk architecture for zero-overhead writes (2002)

A novel disk architecture called Trail is proposed to optimize the disk write latency without sacrificing the disk read performance. This architecture features a track-based logging technique, which essentially reduces a disk write latency to the transfer delay. In addition, this disk architecture allows concurrent read/write, and implicit write scheduling without compromising data integrity. Through a synthetic-trace simulation study, we have shown that for transaction processing workloads, the write latency improvement of Trail over conventional disk devices is at least an order of magnitude. Trail's read latency performance is also better in all cases, sometimes the improvement is also over an order of magnitude. In terms of disk bandwidth utilization, the Trail architecture has a close to 100% write bandwidth efficiency and a read bandwidth efficiency at least as good as a conventional disk.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
AUTOMATIC MOVING VEHICLE'S INFORMATION EXTRACTION FROM ONE-PASS WORLDVIEW-2 SATELLITE IMAGERY (2012)

Abstract. There are several applications of vehicle information (position, speed, and direction). WorldView-2 satellite has three sensors: one Pan and two MS (MS-1: BGRN1, Pan, and MS-2:CYREN2). Because of a slight time gap in acquiring images from these sensors, the WorldView-2 images capture three different positions of the moving vehicles. This paper proposes a new technique to extract the vehicle information automatically by utilizing the small time gap in WorldView-2 sensors. A PCA-based technique has been developed to automatically detect moving vehicles from MS-1 and MS-2 images. The detected vehicles are used to limit the search space of the adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm in accurately determining the positions of vehicles in the images. Then, RPC sensor model of WorldView-2 has been used to determine vehicles' ground positions from their image positions to calculate speed and direction. The technique has been tested on a Worldview-2 image. A vehicle detection rate of over 95% has been achieved. The results of vehicles' speed calculations are reliable. This technique makes it feasible to use satellite images for traffic applications on an operational basis.
Self-checking self-repairing computer nodes using the Mirror Processor (1992)

Circuitry added to fault-tolerant systems for concurrent error detection usually reduces performance. Using a technique called micro rollback, it is possible to eliminate most of the performance penalty of concurrent error detection. Error detection is performed in parallel with intermodule communication, and erroneous state changes are later undone. The author reports on the design and implementation of a VLSI RISC microprocessor, called the Mirror Processor (MP), which is capable of micro rollback. In order to achieve concurrent error detection, two MP chips operate in lockstep, comparing external signals and a signature of internal signals every clock cycle. If a mismatch is detected, both processors roll back to the beginning of the cycle when the error occurred. In some cases the erroneous state is corrected by copying a value from the fault-free processor to the faulty processor. The architecture, microarchitecture, and VLSI implementation of the MP, emphasizing its error-detection, error-recovery, and self-diagnosis capabilities are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Direct thermolysis of CO<sub>2</sub> into CO and O<sub>2</sub> (2016)

Most of the solar-driven thermochemical CO<sub>2</sub> dissociation reactions have been focused on two-step processes. In this study, a one step CO<sub>2</sub> thermolysis process was considered. It was found that direct thermolysis of CO<sub>2</sub> obviously occurred at temperatures as low as 1200 °C within a corundum tube. The reaction rate could be enhanced by several times in the presence of metal oxides, which may be attributed to the catalysis of oxygen vacancies in the metal oxides.
Iron(Fe{sup 0}) induced dehalogenation of polychlorinated aliphatic compounds (1995)

Kinetics of iron (Fe{sup 0}) induced dechlorination of selected polychlorinated aliphatic compounds was examined under aerobic conditions. Experiments were carried out to study the temperature, steric and pH dependence of the degradation. Rates, overall activation energies and the Arrhenius pre-exponential factors were calculated. It was found that the observed dehalogenation was likely a surface reaction that had some geometric requirements.
Novel blue sensitive polymeric materials for optical data storage (2008)

We report the properties of a new polymer-guest photosensitive mixture based on two monomers with different properties as basic components. The material has been characterized by recording holographic gratings using a low power blue laser (405 nm) and a spectro-photometric technique to get the optical properties of the grating during and after recording. The detected grating shows a very high sensitivity (of the order of 10<sup>3</sup> cm/J) and a surprising "antishrinkage" phenomenon (red-shift of the Bragg reflection grating wavelength).
Phase II Study of Erlotinib in Recurrent or Metastatic Endometrial Cancer: NCIC IND-148 (2008)

Erlotinib is well tolerated with an overall objective response rate of 12.5%. Molecular analysis did not identify EGFR mutations in responders or correlation of response with gene amplification.
Laser-enhanced plasma anodization (1989)

The enhancement of the growth rate of Al2O3 has been observed during plasma anodization accompanied by optical excitation with low-power visible argon-ion laser light. The increase of the current efficiency with light is approximately 20% of the efficiency without it. This enhancement of the oxide growth rate is considered to arise from promoting the generation rate of atomic oxygen, which contributes to the anodization as oxidizing species, in the plasma sheath near the specimen and/or on the specimen surface irradiated by the laser light. Although most of the atomic oxygen is regarded to be generated by the dissociation of molecular oxygens colliding with plasma electrons, the laser excitation might help the cumulative dissociation of molecular oxygens.
Estimation of IMU and MARG orientation using a gradient descent algorithm (2011)

This paper presents a novel orientation algorithm designed to support a computationally efficient, wearable inertial human motion tracking system for rehabilitation applications. It is applicable to inertial measurement units (IMUs) consisting of tri-axis gyroscopes and accelerometers, and magnetic angular rate and gravity (MARG) sensor arrays that also include tri-axis magnetometers. The MARG implementation incorporates magnetic distortion compensation. The algorithm uses a quaternion representation, allowing accelerometer and magnetometer data to be used in an analytically derived and optimised gradient descent algorithm to compute the direction of the gyroscope measurement error as a quaternion derivative. Performance has been evaluated empirically using a commercially available orientation sensor and reference measurements of orientation obtained using an optical measurement system. Performance was also benchmarked against the propriety Kalman-based algorithm of orientation sensor. Results indicate the algorithm achieves levels of accuracy matching that of the Kalman based algorithm; < 0.8° static RMS error, < 1.7° dynamic RMS error. The implications of the low computational load and ability to operate at small sampling rates significantly reduces the hardware and power necessary for wearable inertial movement tracking, enabling the creation of lightweight, inexpensive systems capable of functioning for extended periods of time.
Wet Versus Dry Turning: A Comparison of Machining Costs, Product Quality, and Aerosol Formation (2001)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The use of cutting fluid in machining operations not only poses a health risk to workers but also creates environmental challenges associated with fluid treatment and disposal. In an effort to minimize these concerns and eliminate the costs associated with cutting fluids, e.g., purchase, maintenance, and treatment, dry machining is increasingly being considered as an alternative. This paper is focused on comparing dry and wet machining approaches from several perspectives, including air quality, product quality, and economics. Both experimental and analytical work is presented. Experiments have been performed to determine the effect cutting fluid has on product quality and aerosol generation in the wet and dry turning of gray cast iron. To compare costs in wet and dry turning, a cost model, which includes cutting fluid-related components, has also been established. The model predictions and experimental observations are compared/contrasted to other recent reports from the technical literature.</div>
Friends of Children support 8 AAP programs (1993)

What do the Academy9s breast-feeding initiative, Safe Ride program, and Provisional Committee on Quality Improvement have in common? They are among the 8 programs currently supported by the Friends of Children Fund Corporate Members. In mid-June, 24 representatives from 17 corporations met at AAP headquarters for an update on Academy activities and to reaffirm their commitment to improving children9s health through support of AAP educational and research activities.
DropoutSeer: Visualizing learning patterns in Massive Open Online Courses for dropout reasoning and prediction (2016)

Aiming at massive participation and open access education, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have attracted millions of learners over the past few years. However, the high dropout rate of learners is considered to be one of the most crucial factors that may hinder the development of MOOCs. To tackle this problem, statistical models have been developed to predict dropout behavior based on learner activity logs. Although predictive models can foresee the dropout behavior, it is still difficult for users to understand the reasons behind the predicted results and further design interventions to prevent dropout. In addition, with a better understanding of dropout, researchers in the area of predictive modeling in turn can improve the models. In this paper, we introduce DropoutSeer, a visual analytics system which not only helps instructors and education experts understand the reasons for dropout, but also allows researchers to identify crucial features which can further improve the performance of the models. Both the heterogeneous data extracted from three different kinds of learner activity logs (i.e., clickstream, forum posts and assignment records) and the predicted results are visualized in the proposed system. Case studies and expert interviews have been conducted to demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of DropoutSeer.
Discrimination of speech and non-linguistic vocalizations by Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (2010)

We introduce features based on Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) for discrimination of speech and non-linguistic vocalizations such as laughter or breathing, which is a crucial task in recognition of spontaneous speech. NMF has been successfully used in speech-related tasks such as de-noising and speaker separation. While existing approaches use it as a preprocessing step for conventional speech recognizers, we aim at directly classifying the output of the NMF algorithm. To this end, we propose a feature extraction procedure based on a supervised variant of NMF, considering two different algorithms. Applying our approach to a spontaneous speech corpus, we show that addition of NMF features to an MFCC-based classifier increases mean recall of speech and non-linguistic vocalizations by over 2.5% absolute, and particularly recall of laughter by 6.6% absolute. The improvement is significant at a level of 0.4 %.
All‐Solid‐State Z‐Scheme Photocatalytic Systems (2014)

The current rapid industrial development causes the serious energy and environmental crises. Photocatalyts provide a potential strategy to solve these problems because these materials not only can directly convert solar energy into usable or storable energy resources but also can decompose organic pollutants under solar-light irradiation. However, the aforementioned applications require photocatalysts with a wide absorption range, long-term stability, high charge-separation efficiency and strong redox ability. Unfortunately, it is often difficult for a single-component photocatalyst to simultaneously fulfill all these requirements. The artificial heterogeneous Z-scheme photocatalytic systems, mimicking the natural photosynthesis process, overcome the drawbacks of single-component photocatalysts and satisfy those aforementioned requirements. Such multi-task systems have been extensively investigated in the past decade. Especially, the all-solid-state Z-scheme photocatalytic systems without redox pair have been widely used in the water splitting, solar cells, degradation of pollutants and CO2 conversion, which have a huge potential to solve the current energy and environmental crises facing the modern industrial development. Thus, this review gives a concise overview of the all-solid-state Z-scheme photocatalytic systems, including their composition, construction, optimization and applications.
Research of Certificate Management System Based on PKI (2005)

This paper describes PKI,CA and XKMS.The XKMS-CA management architecture and certificate management system frame based on the three layer model are given. This paper also analyses and studies the security of system.
The relationship between the cross-correlation coefficient of two-channel acoustic signals and sound image quality (1983)

In order to investigate sound image quality, white and bandlimited noises with various cross-correlation coefficients are reproduced from two loudspeakers placed in anechoic or echoic chambers. Subjects are asked to make similarity judgments and some subjective evaluations of pairs of the noises. The experimental data are analyzed by Kruskal's multidimensional scaling (MDS) program. The analysis of the experimental data shows the following: (1) sound image quality depends mostly on the width and the distance of the sound image, (2) the width of the sound image depends on the absolute value of the cross-correlation coefficient, (3) the distance of the sound image depends on the cross-correlation coefficient itself, (4) with respect to physical and psychological factors governing sound image quality, there is no fundamental difference between anechoic and echoic chambers.
Persistently elevated AFP and AChE in amniotic fluid from a normal fetus following demise of its twin (1986)

Intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) in one of twins at 12 weeks of gestation was accompanied by markedly elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) at 17 and 18 weeks. Amniotic fluid AFP from the healthy surviving twin's sac at 18.5 and 23 weeks was also greatly increased along with a positive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) band. Persistently elevated AFP and positive AChE so long after fetal demise--6.5 and 11 weeks post IUFD--has not, to our knowledge, been previously described. In similar cases, high level ultrasound and careful placental examination at birth should be utilized to search for fetal abnormalities or multiple pregnancy with IUFD.