gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Different degradation patterns and mechanisms of chiral contaminant enantiomers: beta‐cypermethrin as a case study (2022)

Studies often neglect the differences between enantiomers in soil chiral contaminants, and the molecular ecological mechanisms involved in enantiomer selective degradation behaviors remain elusive. In the present study, we used the stepwise regression analysis to establish the quantitative relationships between degradation rates and genes that determine different degradation patterns and mechanisms among enantiomers; and beta-cypermethrin (BCYM) was chosen as the target analyte. Stepwise regression analysis demonstrated the relationships established for different enantiomers varied even under the same conditions, and results from path analysis showed the same functional gene exhibited different direct and indirect contributions to different enantiomer degradation rates. The genome and primary microbial communities during different enantiomer degradation rates were also analyzed based on Illumina MiSeq next-generation sequencing technology, and the results indicated the soil microbial community structure and abundance varied during different enantiomer degradation rates. Results from this study served to enhance our understanding of the molecular biological mechanisms of chiral contaminant selective degradation behaviors under the context of functional genes and degrading microorganisms.
Telecom Reform in China: Legislation, Competition and Prospects (2002)

China's telecom sector has experienced decade-long reform and market opening. The reform and prospects of China's telecom service industry are analysed in 4aspects: infrastructure development, industrial restructuring and regulation, market structure, and market opening. A competitive market has been preliminarily shaped, and its infrastructure is well advanced; but the market regulatory system and foreign direct investment is still rather inadequate. To meet WTO commitments, first priority must be given to improving regulatory system and further relaxing FDI restrictions.
Exploring the Active‐Site of a Rationally Redesigned Lipase for Catalysis of Michael‐Type Additions (2004)

Michael-type additions of various thiols and alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds were performed in organic solvent catalyzed by wild-type and a rationally redesigned mutant of Candida antarctica lipase B. The mutant lacks the nucleophilic serine 105 in the active-site; this results in a changed catalytic mechanism of the enzyme. The possibility of utilizing this mutant for Michael-type additions was initially explored by quantum-chemical calculations on the reaction between acrolein and methanethiol in a model system. The model system was constructed on the basis of docking and molecular-dynamics simulations and was designed to simulate the catalytic properties of the active site. The catalytic system was explored experimentally with a range of different substrates. The kca values were found to be in the range of 10(-3) to 4 min(-1), similar to the values obtained with aldolase antibodies. The enzyme proficiency was 10(7). Furthermore, the Michael-type reactions followed saturation kinetics and were confirmed to take place in the enzyme active site.
The Physiology of Obese-Hyperglycemic Mice [<i>ob/ob</i>Mice] (2007)

This review summarizes key aspects of what has been learned about the physiology of leptin deficiency as it can be observed in obese-hyperglycemic ob/ob mice. These mice lack functional leptin. They are grossly overweight and hyperphagic, particularly at young ages, and develop severe insulin resistance. They have been used as a model for obesity and as a rich source of pancreatic islets with high insulin release capacity. The leptin deficiency manifests also with regard to immune function, the cardiovascular system including angiogenesis, supportive tissue function, malignancies, and reproductive function. ob/ob Mice are well suited for studies on the interaction between leptin and insulin, and for studies on initial aspects of metabolic disturbances leading to type-2 diabetes.
Home Device Authentication Method Based on PKI (2007)

As home network service is popularized, the kind of smart device is rising up and home appliances are becoming intelligent. Device authentication process is necessary that we safely use these devices and construct secure home network environment. In this paper, we proposed home device authentication framework and home device certificate profile. And also we describe home device registration process and home device certificate issuing process. Our home device certificate profile is based on the internet X.509 version 3 certificate. And our device authentication framework adheres to basic concept of general PKI.
A low cost and high efficient acoustic modem for underwater sensor networks (2011)

Underwater wireless sensor Networks (UWSN) will provide a variety of attractive working fields such as aquaculture, offshore exploitation, biological monitoring as well as water and seafloor pollution, seismic activity and ocean currents. A practical implementation of these applications will require spreading an important number of nodes to facilitate underwater monitoring by means of data acquiring, so it becomes a challenge to develop simple and reliable modem architectures to reduce both the cost in components and the developing time, still being efficient and robust. Moreover power consumption must be also considered due to energy harvesting difficulties in an underwater environment. This work is focused in the design and implementation of a low cost and energy efficient underwater modem. The paper presents a new acoustic modem design based on an original signal-conditioning model optimally adapted to commercial echo sounder based piezoelectric transducers. It represents a very low-cost solution with a power consumption level similar to current terrestrial wireless sensor networks. The modulation and demodulation algorithms are essential to define the modem architecture. In this work, they have been adapted to a low power microcontroller processing capabilities. The proposed modem architecture includes an 8-bit microcontroller and few external analog components. A binary Coherent-FSK modulation has been chosen because it is more efficient in terms of bandwidth than a non-coherent FSK. Coherent FSK modulation algorithm is quite simple, and can be easily implemented in an 8-bit microcontroller with negligible execution time. Demodulation algorithm is more complex and needs a low-power solution. The paper investigates different alternatives, obtaining a new optimal solution including an additional specific processing unit to the microprocessor core. Compared with previous researches that used microcontrollers, the presented approach also improves energy efficiency without lowering bit rate and bandwidth efficiency. The design has a variable gain reception to measure precisely the incoming signal level and obtaining signal quality indicators similar to RSSI used in wireless RF sensor networks. The circuit has been simulated and experimentally tested too with a prototype. Several tests have been carried out using the different alternatives presented. The goal of the first experiments was to characterize the frequency response of the transducers, and validate acoustic wave generation and amplification models obtained by means of simulation. Measurements were also taken to obtain receiver sensitivity and communication efficiency to power variations. Efficient design of both power amplifier and receiver analog processing stages, combined with optimal microcontroller power saving modes has extended estimated battery. As a conclusion, a worthwhile modem has been designed with the following advantages: Ultra-Low power consumption, a small form factor and a low final cost which enable future low cost deployment of underwater sensor networks.
Effects of feeding fat‐coated butyrate on mucosal morphology and function in the small intestine of the pig (2006)

As shown earlier, pig rations with high starch and purine content initiate mucosal hypertrophy by stimulating mitotic activity and DNA formation in the small intestine, whereas in the colon butyrate inhibits apoptosis and thus increases crypt depth. It was the aim of this study to combine these effects by targeting fat-coated butyrate into the small intestine where it usually does not occur, and to investigate effects on mucosal development and function. Three groups of five pigs were fed 3.6 kg/day of either a low-energy ration [deficit group, 6.6 MJ metabolizable energy (ME)/kg] or a high-energy ration (13.7 MJ ME/kg) that was supplemented with brewing yeast as a source of purines. The third ration was of high energy and contained purines and was additionally supplemented with coated butyrate (13.5 MJ ME/kg; 29 g calcium butyrate/kg). Rations were fed for 5 days. After killing, tissue samples were obtained from the proximal, medial and distal parts of jejunum for histology. Chyme samples were obtained from the ileum of all animals and used for sucrase determination. Villus size was not changed by feeding, but butyrate had an effect on plica height and area mainly in the medial jejunum. Plica area in the butyrate group (4.2 mm(2)) was significantly higher (p <or= 0.01) compared with that of the deficit group (2.3 mm(2)) and high-energy group (2.7 mm(2); p <or= 0.01). For the butyrate group, sucrase activity in the ileum was 119.1 U/ml and thus significantly higher (0.05) compared with the high-energy group (61.7 U/ml) and the deficit group (28.0 U/ml; p <or= 0.001). Targeting butyrate into the small intestine thus improves digestive and absorptive capacities. The mechanism probably is a specific effect on enterocyte mitosis which in turn leads to an increased plica size by crypt fission.
Block Diagonalization in the MIMO Broadcast Channel with Delayed CSIT (2009)

This paper investigates the impact of delayed channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) on the MIMO broadcast channel with block diagonalization (BD) preceding. First, an upper bound for the achievable throughput is provided, which shows that BD is more robust to imperfect CSIT than zero-forcing precoding as it has fewer inter-user interfering streams. Due to residual inter-user interference, the throughput of BD still saturates at high SNR, which motivates switching between single-user and multi-user precoding. An accurate closed-form approximation is derived for the achievable throughput of the BD system, which provides guidance on the preferred transmission technique for a given scenario.
Rho Kinase Phosphorylation Promotes Ezrin-Mediated Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2011)

During progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations act to posttranslationally modulate the function of proteins that promote cancer invasion and metastasis. To define such abnormalities that contribute to liver cancer metastasis, we carried out a proteomic comparison of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and samples of intravascular thrombi from the same patient. Mass spectrometric analyses of the liver cancer samples revealed a series of acidic phospho-isotypes associated with the intravascular thrombi samples. In particular, we found that Thr567 hyperphosphorylation of the cytoskeletal protein ezrin was tightly correlated to an invasive phenotype of clinical hepatocellular carcinomas and to poor outcomes in tumor xenograft assays. Using phospho-mimicking mutants, we showed that ezrin phosphorylation at Thr567 promoted in vitro invasion by hepatocarcinoma cells. Phospho-mimicking mutant ezrinT567D, but not the nonphosphorylatable mutant ezrinT567A, stimulated formation of membrane ruffles, suggesting that Thr567 phosphorylation promotes cytoskeletal-membrane remodeling. Importantly, inhibition of Rho kinase, either by Y27632 or RNA interference, resulted in inhibition of Thr567 phosphorylation and a blockade to cell invasion, implicating Rho kinase-ezrin signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion. Our findings suggest a strategy to reduce liver tumor metastasis by blocking Rho kinase-mediated phosphorylation of ezrin.
Proteinase-resistant factors in human erythrocyte membranes mediate CD4-dependent fusion with cells expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoproteins (1995)

Murine CD4+ cells are resistant to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry and to fusion with cells expressing HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env). The role of human-specific factors in Env/CD4-mediated fusion is shown by the ability of transient cell hybrids formed between CD4+ murine cells and human HeLa cells to fuse with Env+ cells. Fusion events were observed when other human cells, including erythrocytes, were substituted for HeLa cells in the hybrids. Experiments with erythrocyte ghosts showed that the factors allowing Env/CD4-mediated fusion are located in the plasma membrane. These factors were fully active after extensive digestion of erythrocytes with proteinase K or pronase. Nonprotein components of human plasma membranes, possibly glycolipids, could therefore be required for Env/CD4-mediated fusion and virus entry.
Production of lovastatin examined by an integrated approach based on chemometrics and DOSY‐NMR (2002)

Microbial secondary metabolites are one of the sources of therapeutic molecules in the pharmaceutical industry. Product quality and high yields of secondary metabolites are the main goals for the commercial success of a fermentation process. Our novel approach was based on the decision-tree algorithm to determine the key variables correlated with the process outcome and on DOSY-NMR to identify both co-metabolites and impurities, and it improves fermentation systems and speeds up bioprocess development. The approach has been validated in the case of lovastatin production from Aspergillus terreus.
ELECTRIC PROPULSION POINTING MECHANISM FOR BEPI COLOMBO (2011)

Since 15 years the de velopment of Electric Propulsion Pointing Mechanisms for commercial and scientific satellite applications is a key-product activity for RUAG Space in Vienna. As one of the most innovative EP mechanisms presently under development in Vienna this paper presents the Electric Propulsion T hruster Pointing Mechanism for the Bepi Colombo Mission. RUAG Space delivers the mechanism assembly, consisting of the mechanisms and the control electronics. 1. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS The Bepi Colombo Mercury Tran sfer Module will b e equipped with four Electric Propulsion Thrusters. For each of these thrusters one Thruster Pointing Mechanism (TPM) is foreseen. The following figure presents the thruster floor of the spacecraft, equipped with the TPMs and the thrusters: Figure 1. TPMs with Thrusters and Thruster Floor.
Reducing soil compaction of Tennessee Valley soils in conservation tillage systems. (2000)

Inadequate rooting systems due to excessive soil compaction have prevented farmers in the Tennessee Valley region of northern Alabama from adopting conservation tillage systems. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yields declined on many farms when conventional tillage systems were replaced with strict no-till systems. Experiments were initiated in 1994 to develop conservation tillage systems that incorporated in-row tillage and rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crops as methods of maintaining surface cover and alleviating extreme soil compaction conditions. Depth of in-row tillage [18 cm (7 in.) or 33 cm (13 in.)] and timing of tillage (fall or spring) were also investigated in this experiment. Cone index measurements taken in the spring and fall of 1997 prior to tillage and bulk density measurements taken in fall 1998 immediately after harvest were used to examine changes in soil condition resulting from several years of experimentation. The results showed reduced cone index and bulk density from either shallow or deep in-row tillage performed in the spring or fall of the year. Although fall measurements in no-till plots showed no effect of cover crops, the spring measurements of cone index were reduced substantially by the use of cover crops, most likely due to increased soil moisture. Therefore, reduced soil compaction beneath the row to depths adequate to sustain proper root growth was achieved by either shallow in-row tillage and/or cover crops.
In Vitro Effect of Acetyl‐N‐Ser‐Asp‐Lys‐Pro (AcSDKP) Analogs Resistant to Angiotensin I‐Converting Enzyme on Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Progenitor Cell Proliferation (1999)

The tetrapeptide Acetyl-N-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (AcSDKP), an inhibitor of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation, is known to reduce in vivo the damage resulting from treatment with chemotherapeutic agents or ionizing radiation on the stem cell compartment. Recently, AcSDKP has been shown to be a physiological substrate of the N-active site of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). Four analogs of the tetrapeptide expressing a high stability towards ACE degradation in vitro have been synthesized in order to provide new molecules likely to improve the myeloprotection displayed by AcSDKP. These analogs are three pseudopeptides with a modified peptidic bond, Ac-Serpsi(CH2-NH)Asp-Lys-Pro, Ac-Ser-Asppsi(CH2-NH)Lys-Pro, Ac-Ser-Asp-Lyspsi(CH2-N)Pro, and one C-terminus modified peptide (AcSDKP-NH2). We report here that these analogs reduce in vitro the proportion of murine colony-forming units-granulocyte/macrophage in S-phase and inhibit the entry into cycle of high proliferative potential colony-forming cells. The efficacy of AcSDKP analogs in preventing in vitro primitive hematopoietic stem cells from entering into cycle suggests that these molecules could be new candidates for the powerful inhibition of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation in vivo.
600-V Normally Off ${\rm SiN}_{x}$/AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMT With Large Gate Swing and Low Current Collapse (2013)

In this letter, 600-V normally-OFF <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm SiN}_{x}$</tex></formula> /AlGaN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistor (MIS-HEMT) is reported. Normally-OFF operation and low OFF-state gate leakage are obtained by using fluorine plasma ion implantation in conjunction with the adoption of a 17-nm <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm SiN}_{x}$</tex></formula> thin film grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition as the gate insulator. The normally-OFF MIS-HEMT exhibits a threshold voltage of <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${+}{\rm 3.6}~{\rm V}$</tex></formula> , a drive current of 430 mA/mm at a gate bias of 14 V, a specific ON-resistance of 2.1 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm m}\Omega\cdot{\rm cm}^{2}$</tex> </formula> and an OFF-state breakdown voltage of 604 V at a drain leakage current of 1 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\mu{\rm A}/{\rm mm}$</tex></formula> with <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$V_{\rm GS}=0~{\rm V}$</tex> </formula> , and the substrate grounded. Effective current collapse suppression is obtained by AlN/ <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm SiN}_{x}$</tex></formula> passivation as proved by high-speed pulsed <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$I\hbox{--}V$</tex></formula> and low-speed high-voltage switching measurement results.
Patterning and Impregnation of Superhydrophobic Surfaces Using Aqueous Solutions (2013)

We report a solvent-assisted approach to the patterning and impregnation of porous superhydrophobic coatings that permits the use of entirely aqueous solutions. This approach permits immobilization of proteins and enzymes, creating opportunities to decorate superhydrophobic surfaces with hydrophilic domains and channels that can capture aliquots of aqueous media, guide and mix aqueous solutions, and chemically process streams of organic molecules. Because this approach does not require destruction of non-wetting features, it can also be used to transfer highly water-soluble polymers and small molecules without compromising superhydrophobicity, providing methods for post-fabrication loading of water-soluble agents into protective non-wetting coatings that are difficult to achieve using other approaches.
The Role of Social Media Marketing and Brand Consciousness in Building Brand Loyalty (2018)

The upcoming expansions in the field of information technologies (IT) have infused an influential impact on the basic marketing practices of businesses and the consumer engagement methodologies. The evolution of social media has provided massive opportunities for the dynamic businesses of today to collaborate and develop strong networks with their target customers. The research talks about the role of social media marketing and brand consciousness in building consumers’ brand loyalty. It is an empirical investigation in which a structured questionnaire was distributed among 320 respondents through convenience sampling. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 23 examining the reliability, correlation and regression results of the study. The findings showed that a) There is a positive relationship between social media marketing and brand loyalty; b) brand consciousness has a positive impact on brand loyalty. The study provided valuable recommendations for the marketers and policy makers in developing engaging social media contents over brand communities that is different and more innovative from traditional advertising channels. Although the research study faced limited resources and time constraints, the quantitative model proposed additional moderating variables to be tested and focused on the need for a longitudinal study for greater precision and attaining pragmatic consumer insights. Overall, the proposed research portrays that active presence of brands on social media not only helps in establishing strong relationships with consumers but also in building brand loyalty.
The effect of MLC speed and acceleration on the plan delivery accuracy of VMAT (2015)

As the MLC speeds and accelerations increased, VMAT delivery accuracy reduced.
Rhinostereometry and Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Human Nasal Mucosa: Changes in Congestion and Microcirculation during Intranasal Histamine Challenge (1997)

The nasal mucosa of 10 healthy volunteers was studied with the combination of rhinostereometry and laser Doppler flowmetry during a challenge with 0.14 ml histamine dihydrochloride in stepwise increasing concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 and 16.0 mg/ml. Five and 10 min after each challenge the degree of congestion and the microcirculatory parameters perfusion, velocity of flow and concentration of moving blood cells were recorded. A complex reaction pattern was seen. It was possible to measure simultaneously the degree of congestion and the microcirculatory parameters. With this combination of methods, it seemed possible to identify the effects of histamine on the different components of the nasal mucosa. The combination of the two methods appears to make possible detailed studies of the relationship between changes in congestion and microcirculation during intranasal challenges in humans.