gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensitive enzyme immunoassay of antibodies to HIV-1 p17 antigen using indirectly immobilized recombinant p17 for diagnosis of HIV-1 infection (1998)

Recombinant p17 (rp17) antigen of HIV-1 and maltose binding protein-rp17 fusion protein (MBP-rp17) were immobilized onto polystyrene beads in different ways: rp17 and MBP-rp17 were immobilized directly onto polystyrene beads by physical adsorption; biotinyl-rp17 and biotinyl-MBP-rp17 were immobilized indirectly onto streptavidin-coated polystyrene beads; and 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-MBP-rp17 was immobilized indirectly onto (anti-DNP) IgG-coated polystyrene beads. These directly and indirectly immobilized antigens were incubated with urine samples containing antibody IgG to p17 antigen and subsequently with rp17-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate or (anti-human IgG gamma-chain) Fab'-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate. Beta-D-galactosidase activity bound to the polystyrene beads was assayed by fluorometry. When rp17-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate was used, signals (fluorescence intensities for bound beta-D-galactosidase activity) were much higher with the indirectly immobilized antigens than those with the directly immobilized antigens. By experiments using (anti-human IgG gamma-chain)Fab'-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate, the binding of rp17-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate to antibodies against p17 antigen bound to directly immobilized rp17 antigen was shown to be seriously limited as compared with that to antibodies against p17 antigen bound to indirectly immobilized DNP-MBP-rp17. When rp17-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate and serum samples were used, serum interference was much less with indirectly immobilized DNP-MBP-rp17 than with directly immobilized rp17 antigen, and the sensitivity of enzyme immunoassay for antibody IgG to p17 antigen using indirectly immobilized DNP-MBP-rp17 was 1,000- to 3,000-fold higher than that of enzyme immunoassay using directly immobilized rp17 antigen and Western blotting for p17 band. This sensitive enzyme immunoassay indicated positivity in HIV-1 seroconversion serum panels as early as conventional methods for antibodies to HIV-1 and earlier than Western blotting for p17 band.
Generation of Superoxide Anions during the Reaction of Guanidino Compounds with Methylglyoxal. (2002)

Uremic toxins are accumulated in the blood of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), although alteration of the toxicity by the interaction of various uremic retention products has not been precisely clarified. In this study, we found that cytochrome c added to incubation mixtures containing guanidino compounds and methylglyoxal in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) resulted in reduction of cytochrome c. Superoxide anions were generated from incubation mixtures of each guanidino compound with methylglyoxal, because the reduction was inhibited by the addition of superoxide dismutase. The incubation mixture containing each guanidino compound and methylglyoxal had different rates of generation of the superoxide anion from other mixtures. A relatively higher superoxide anion formation rate was observed in the incubation mixture containing Arg and methylglyoxal (7.9 +/- 0.5nmol x m(-1) x min(-1)), or in the incubation mixture containing methylguanidine and methylglyoxal (6.3 +/- 0.6 nmol x ml(-1) min(-1)). These findings suggest that interactions of various uremic retention products which accumulate in the blood of uremic patients may generate reactive oxygen species and may be involved in the oxidative stress observed in CRF patients. The addition of aminoguanidine, which is known to inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products, to a mixture of guanidino compounds and methylglyoxal inhibited reactions between guanidino compounds and methylglyoxal.
Wind-Tunnel and Flight Tests of Slot-lip Ailerons (1937)

The slot-lip ailerons developed by the NACA consist of a flap-type spoiler with an adjoining continuously open slot. The ailerons were developed in an investigation of the delayed response, or lag, of spoiler-type lateral controls. This report presents the results of tests of these slot-lip ailerons made on wing models in the 7 by 10-foot wind tunnel, on a Fairchild 22 airplane in the full-scale wind tunnel and in flight, and on the Weick W1-A airplane in flight.
[60]Fullerene and three [60]fullerene derivatives in membrane model environments (2000)

Aggregation of C60 and of three C60 derivatives in phosphatidylcholine liposome model membranes was studied via photophysical investigations. The triplet properties of these fullerenes, including the absorption spectrum between 400 and 900 nm, molar absorption coefficient, quantum yield of formation and/or quantum yield for the photosensitised production of 1O2 were determined in benzene solution and in liposomes. One of the derivatives was a cyclopropyl-fused hexa-addended C60 containing as addend C(CO2C18H37)2 (1). The other two derivatives were cyclohexyl-fused C60 with leucine (2) or hydrophilic acidic (3) mono-addend functionalisation. The synthesis of derivative 2, by thermal extrusion of sulfur dioxide from the corresponding sulfone in the presence of C60, is described. [60]Fullerene and derivative 1 show no T–T absorption in liposomes, although they do so in benzene solution (with a low triplet quantum yield for hexa-addended 1). The absence of triplet–triplet absorption in liposomes is indicative of fullerene aggregation. By contrast, the amphiphilic mono-addend derivatives 2 and 3 present appreciable T–T absorption in liposomes, although less marked than in benzene solution. Mono-addend functionalisation therefore appears to be an interesting way to prevent or diminish fullerene aggregation. Moreover, in this type of derivatisation most of the photophysical properties of pristine [60]fullerene are retained.
Enhanced antigenicity of autologous leukemia cells enriched with cholesterylhemisuccinate. (1991)

Cholesterylhemisuccinate (CHS) has been used by different authors to enhance the antigenicity of tumor cells in human and in animals. In the present study, leukemic cells isolated mainly from patients with chronic myeloid and chronic lymphocytic leukemia were incubated for 90 min at 37 degrees in PBS containing 3.5% polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.5% glucose, 1% human serum albumin and 150 micrograms/ml CHS 5 x 10(6) pretreated, irradiated, autologous leukemic cells were tested for their ability to elicit a delayed type hypersensitivity skin reaction. The negative controls included CHS-treated and untreated non-leukemic autologous blood cells as well as substance controls. Recall antigens such as tetanus, diphtheria and tuberculine included in the Multitest Mérieux served as positive controls. Results from 28 patients and 44 skin tests are presented. 19 of 23 patients tested under the best of experimental conditions generated a positive skin reaction with the CHS-treated autologous leukemic cells. Less than 12% of the patients reacted with any of the above negative controls. Under the same conditions, more than 90% of the CLL patients were reactive. 5 CLL patients were selected for a treatment including 6 weekly injections of 5 x 10(6) to 5 x 10(8) autologous CLL cells. 3 patients experienced an up to 60% reduction of their initial leukocyte counts. In one patient, the leukocyte counts continued to decrease more than 6 months after the treatment was completed. One patient showed no response and in one patient with increasing leukocytes this increase could not be reversed. The results are discussed in terms of earlier observations that membrane sterol content influences the presentation of cell surface proteins.
Field-induced structures in miscible ferrofluid suspensions with and without latex spheres (2003)

We explore magnetic-field-induced ordering and microphase separation of aqueous ferrofluid and of aqueous mixtures of ferrofluid with nonmagnetic latex spheres. The ferrofluid is a surfactant stabilized aqueous suspension of magnetite (Fe3O4) particles with average diameter 20 nm (including the approximately 2.5-nm thick surfactant layer); the nonmagnetic latex spheres are charge stabilized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles with diameters of 42 nm, 108 nm, and 220 nm. In the presence of a uniform magnetic field, needlelike ferrofluid droplets formed that eventually grew to sample-traversing columns at fields of approximately 600 G; the two-dimensional structure of these columns was, however, glassy rather than hexagonal. In higher fields, approximately 1000 G, the columns stretched and coalesced into sheetlike striped liquids, but a true lamellar phase was not observed. The addition of nonmagnetic latex spheres to the ferrofluid suspension lowered substantially the critical field for the formation of columns, and induced lamellar (stripe) phases at relatively low applied fields. Image analysis was used to determine the spatial correlation functions, the average needle or column spacing, and the average lamellae spacing of these samples as a function of latex sphere size and concentration.
Tunable narrow bandpass filters with gain based on fiber optical parametric amplification (1996)

We show that a fiber optical parametric amplifier (OPA) can exhibit gain only over a narrow range, which can be shifted by tuning the pump near the zero-dispatch wavelength. This provides a unique combination of tunable filtering and optical gain, which could play a role in optical communication receivers.
ATP and potassium ions: a deadly combination for astrocytes (2014)

The ATP release channel Pannexin1 (Panx1) is self-regulated, i.e. the permeant ATP inhibits the channel from the extracellular space. The affinity of the ATP binding site is lower than that of the purinergic P2X7 receptor allowing a transient activation of Panx1 by ATP through P2X7R. Here we show that the inhibition of Panx1 by ATP is abrogated by increased extracellular potassium ion concentration ([K(+)]o) in a dose-dependent manner. Since increased [K(+)]o is also a stimulus for Panx1 channels, it can be expected that a combination of ATP and increased [K(+)]o would be deadly for cells. Indeed, astrocytes did not survive exposure to these combined stimuli. The death mechanism, although involving P2X7R, does not appear to strictly follow a pyroptotic pathway. Instead, caspase-3 was activated, a process inhibited by Panx1 inhibitors. These data suggest that Panx1 plays an early role in the cell death signaling pathway involving ATP and K(+) ions. Additionally, Panx1 may play a second role once cells are committed to apoptosis, since Panx1 is also a substrate of caspase-3.
Cell-Mediated Immune Response to Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I (2005)

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus that causes persistent infection in many populations in tropical and subtropical regions. HTLV-I chronically activates the cell-mediated arm of the host adaptive immune response. There has been much debate about the role of the immune response in determining the outcome of HTLV-I infection: most seropositive individuals remain lifelong asymptomatic carriers of the virus, whereas a small proportion-usually those with higher equilibrium proviral loads-develop an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system known as HAM/TSP. Here we discuss the cell-mediated immune response to HTLV-I infection. We summarize recent data on the HTLV-I-specific CD4(+) cell response and explore its potential role in HAM/TSP pathogenesis. We also explore the controversy surrounding the role of the CD8(+) cell response in controlling HTLV-I infection and/or contributing to HAM/TSP disease, highlighting recent studies of T cell gene expression profiles and a newly developed assay of CD8(+) cell functional efficiency. Finally, we introduce a possible role for cellular innate immune effectors in HTLV-I infection.
The production of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist by human bronchogenic carcinoma. (1993)

Bronchogenic carcinoma displays an aggressive clinical course that may reflect a capacity to evade host defenses. We postulated that tumors may elaborate interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP) to escape host interleukin-1-dependent responses. Homogenates of human bronchogenic lung tumors demonstrated significant increases of IRAP compared with normal lung tissue controls (n = 48). There was no significant difference in interleukin-1 beta levels between tumor and normal lung tissue. Immunohistochemical staining localized IRAP to tumor cells. Semiquantitative pathological analysis demonstrated a modest inflammatory cell infiltrate with qualitative differences between tumors of different histology. Western blot analysis of tumor homogenates demonstrated several molecular weight forms of IRAP. Finally, antigenic IRAP was detected in supernatants of the human bronchogenic carcinoma cell line (A549) maintained in vitro. These findings illustrate the capacity of bronchogenic tumors to produce and secrete IRAP that may be important in tumor evasion of host defenses.
Protease-activated receptor stimulation activates a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>in bladder microvascular endothelial cells (2004)

Increased mast cell numbers and mast cell activation represent one of the prevalent etiologic theories for interstitial cystitis, an inflammatory condition in the bladder. This study was designed primarily to determine whether increased mast cell tryptase in the bladder wall may play a role in activating bladder endothelial cell phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)), leading to increased inflammatory phospholipid metabolite accumulation, which may propagate the inflammatory process. We stimulated human bladder microvascular endothelial cells with thrombin or tryptase and measured the activation of PLA(2) and the production of multiple membrane phospholipid-derived inflammatory mediators. Thrombin and tryptase stimulation resulted in activation of a Ca(2+)-independent PLA(2), leading to increased release of arachidonic acid and prostacyclin and increased production of platelet-activating factor. These responses were blocked completely by pretreatment of human bladder microvascular endothelial cells with the Ca(2+)-independent PLA(2)-selective inhibitor bromoenol lactone. The combination of increased prostacyclin and platelet-activating factor in the bladder circulation may result in vasodilation and increased polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence to the endothelium and may facilitate recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the bladder wall of patients with interstitial cystitis.
Melasma. Classification and treatment (1995)

Abstract Melasma is a cosmetic problem that sometimes causes great emotional suffering. The two most important causative factors are sunlight and genetic predisposition. Moreover, natural and synthetic estrogens, the use of certain drugs and the use of cosmetics with certain components have been implicated as etiologic factors. For the treatment of melasma, the elimination of the factors that are associated with the abnormality of pigmentation, is essential (discontinuation of birth control pills, avoidance of sun exposure). From the many medications that have been used in the treatment of melasma, Hydroquinone alone at a concentration of 2‐5%, or in combination with tretinoin or tretinoin and corticosteroids, is now the most widely used preparations. New phenolic compounds and Azelaic acid are also used. Medium depth chemical peeling alone or in combination with other bleaching agents has also been tried with success in some cases. Finally, the use of lasers is discussed.
High-speed coherent optical fiber systems (1986)

The best optical detection sensitivities and longest fiber transmission distances 1-3 are now obtained by techniques which employ local oscillator lasers and optical mixers to convert an optical signal to radio frequencies for detection. Such systems (generally called coherent even when phase is not detected) have proved to be the most successful route to near-quantum limited sensitivities since they provide a means for overcoming the thermal noise which limits direct photon detection schemes. For example, in a transmission experiment at 400 Mbit/s a sensitivity of 45 photons per bit was obtained 4 compared with the quantum limited value of 20. This corresponds to an improvement of a factor of 10 over direct detection at this rate. 5
Anguinomycins and Derivatives: Total Syntheses, Modeling, and Biological Evaluation of the Inhibition of Nucleocytoplasmic Transport (2010)

The preparation of the polyketide natural products anguinomycin C and D is reported based on key steps such as Negishi stereoinversion cross coupling, Jacobsen Cr(III)-catalyzed Hetero Diels-Alder reaction, Evans B-mediated syn-aldol chemistry, and B-alkyl Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling. The configuration of both natural products was established as (5R,10R,16R,18S,19R,20S). Biological evaluation demonstrated that these natural products are inhibitors of the nuclear export receptor CRM1, leading to shutdown of CRM1-mediated nuclear protein export at concentrations above 10 nM. Analogues of anguinomycin and leptomycin B (LMB) have been prepared, and the simple alpha,beta-unsaturated lactone analogue 4 with a truncated polyketide chain retains most of the biological activity (inhibition above 25 nM). The structural basis for this inhibition has been demonstrated by modeling the transport inhibitors into X-ray crystal structures, thus highlighting key points for successful and strong biological action of anguinomycin and LMB.
Dimere Naphthochinone, IV. Synthese von Biramentaceon, Mamegakinon und Rotundichinon (1980)

Abstract Mamegakinon ( 8a ), Biramentaceon ( 12a ), 3,3′‐Bijuglon ( 8b ) und 2,2′‐Bijuglon ( 12b ) sowie deren Methylether wurden durch Phenoloxidation geeignet substituierter 4‐Methoxy‐1‐naphthole über indigoide Zwischenstufen vom Typ 24 synthetisiert. Die Cooxidation der isomeren Dimethoxy‐1‐naphthole 4a, 9a bzw. 4b, 9b lieferte analog Rotundichinon‐dimethylether ( 29c ) und 2,3‐Bijuglon‐dimethylether ( 29d ). — Eigenschaften und Spektren der Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
Improved LOCOS isolation for thin-film SOI MOSFETs (1996)

The authors propose the use of a recessed LOCOS technique instead of a standard LOCOS process to eliminate parasitic edge transistor leakage in thin-film SOI MOSFETs. This technique helps to increase the sidewall threshold voltage by both avoiding excess boron segregation into the field oxide, and providing a smoother edge rounding than that obtained by a classical LOCOS process.
Reaction of Grignard Reagents with Acyloxyanthrones (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of Grignard Reagents with AcyloxyanthronesLouis F. Fieser and Hans HeymannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942, 64, 2, 376–382Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01254a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01254a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views397Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Season of Birth and Dopamine Receptor Gene Associations with Impulsivity, Sensation Seeking and Reproductive Behaviors (2007)

These results are consistent with past findings that SOB is related to sensation seeking. Additionally, these results provide tentative support for the hypothesis that SOB modifies the behavioral expression of dopaminergic genetic polymorphism. These findings suggest that SOB should be included in future studies of risky behaviors and behavioral genetic studies of the dopamine system.
[Study on the lymphatic flow of the lower gastric region for radical lymphadenectomy in advanced lower gastric cancer]. (1988)

A prognosis of patients with a curative resected advanced cancer of the lower gastric region was worse than that of the other region of the stomach. The 5 year survival rate was only 47.3%. One of the main reasons was that a rate of lymph node recurrence was higher. In this point of view, we studied on lymphatic flow of the lower gastric region using an activated carbon particle (CH40). Lymph nodes were stained black soon after the injection of CH40 into the lower gastric wall at laparotomy. The black stained rate of an each regional lymph node was as follows. 3. 58%, 4. 17%, 5. 50%, 6. 25%, 1. 21%, 7. 58%, 8. 83%, 9. 58%, 11. 17% and 12. 33% in case of injection into the greater curvature and and 4. 31%, 6. 100%, 8. 25%, 9. 25%, 14V and 56% in case of injection into the lesser curvature. The stained rate was relatively high in 12 and 14V lymph node which we had not routinely dissected. The rates of lymph nodes stained black were related to those of cancer metastasis. The results suggest that lymphadenectomy of 12 for the cancer at the lesser curvature and that of 14V for the cancer at the greater curvature might make a prognosis of lower gastric cancer better.
Omnidirectional texturing of human actors from multiple view video sequences (2005)

International audience
Complement in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (2017)

The emergence of complement as an important player in normal brain development and pathological remodelling has come as a major surprise to most scientists working in neuroscience and almost all those working in complement. That a system, evolved to protect the host against infection, should have these unanticipated roles has forced a rethink about what complement might be doing in the brain in health and disease, where it is coming from, and whether we can, or indeed should, manipulate complement in the brain to improve function or restore homeostasis. Complement has been implicated in diverse neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases well reviewed elsewhere, from depression through epilepsy to demyelination and dementia, in most complement drives inflammation to exacerbate the disease. Here, I will focus on just one disease, the most common cause of dementia, Alzheimer's disease. I will briefly review the current understanding of what complement does in the normal brain, noting, in particular, the many gaps in understanding, then describe how complement may influence the genesis and progression of pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Finally, I will discuss the problems and pitfalls of therapeutic inhibition of complement in the Alzheimer brain.
Maximal violation of Bell inequalities for mixed states (1992)

We show that mixed states can produce maximal violations in the Bell inequality due to Clauser, Horne, Shimony, and Holt (CHSH). This follows from the degeneracy of the operator which is naturally associated with the Bell inequality (here called the Bell operator). We have calculated the form of all the eigenvalues for the generic CHSH Bell operator. Finally, we consider several examples which demonstrate the utility of studying the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Bell operator.
Proteasome Inhibition With Bortezomib (PS-341): A Phase I Study With Pharmacodynamic End Points Using a Day 1 and Day 4 Schedule in a 14-Day Cycle (2005)

Bortezomib (PS-341) is a novel antineoplastic agent that is well tolerated at doses not exceeding 3.0 mg (equivalent to 1.75 mg/m2), repeated on D1 and D4 every other week. This dose correlates with 70% inhibition of 20S proteasome activity. DLTs include neuropathy, fatigue, and diarrhea.