gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subjective preference in relation to objective parameters of music sound fields with a single echo (1977)

Subjective preference tests with a simulated single reflection in an anechoic chamber were conducted in order to get a knowledge of the preferred properties of sound fields. The degree of preference in relation to a long-time autocorrelation function of source signal and the interaural cross correlation of the sound field is discussed here. The preferred time delay gap between the direct sound and the first echo can be determined by the coherence of autocorrelation function and the amplitude of the echo. The preferred echo direction to a listener may be obtained by minimizing the interaural cross correlation which relates to the ’’subjective diffuseness.’’ Results of the autocorrelation function, which was measured with an A-weighting filter, and the interaural cross correlation are presented for several music motifs. convection velocity and wavelength. The vortex strength, convection
Molecular cloning of a gene encoding the histamine H2 receptor. (1991)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Three-Dimensional Image. 3-D Layered Representation of Multiview Images Based on 3-D Segmentation. (1996)

In this paper, we propose a new approach to represent a set of multiview images with surface models corresponding to objects in the scene. Because the surface models overlap each other, the proposed method can cope with complex scenes in which occlusion occurs. First, a set of multiview images is partitioned into 3-D regions corresponding to the scene objects. Second, the structure of each 3-D object cor-responding to a 3-D region is recovered and represented by a surface model using triangular patches. These surface models are then placed in appropriate locations to describe occlusions. This method can be seen as an extended version of layered representation. Each layer is an uneven surface, while previous works have concentrated on planar layers. The experimental results show how the 3-D layered representation method could be applied to the next-generation 3-D image communication system.
The Rate of Oxidation of Copper at Room Temperature (1942)

Electron diffraction was used to measure the rate of the reaction between copper and pure dry oxygen at room temperature and 20 mm. pressure. The experimental technic is described in detail. The empirical rate of reaction is found to be inversely proportional to ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="ML1" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:math> ) for the time <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="ML2" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:math> greater than two minutes; the constant <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="ML3" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:math> is experimentally indistinguishable from zero but must be finite. It is estimated that the local thickness, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="ML4" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:math> , in Ångstrom units of the oxide film increases according to the equation: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="ML5" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6.5</mml:mn> <mml:mo> </mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mo>log</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo> </mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:math> where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="ML6" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:math> is measured in minutes and is greater than 2 min. A limiting film thickness of about 50 Å is predicted by this equation.
Fit for a King (1996)

In the classic comedy film Sleeper, a futuristic Woody Allen pays a visit to a 21st century tailor, who happens to be a robot. vant jackets, ve got jackets. You vant ve got trousers, says the heavily accented computer-clothier. Step in here, the robot says, motioning Allen into an automated tailoring machine. Lights flash, the machine hums, a computer measures the red-haired time traveler, and out pops a suit, which Allen puts on. This is terrible, Allen balks, pointing to his baggy outfit. All all right, mumbles the robot, Ve'll take it in a little.
Observations in classrooms using a network of handheld devices (2003)

Abstract This paper illustrates the educational implications of the design features of public anonymity and private accountability in a classroom network of handheld devices. The author draws from four years of observations of classes using two early network prototypes. Themes discussed are anonymity of data submission to the group, the ability for students to see their data displayed in the group space, the ability for the teacher to instantly assess how all students are doing at any time during a lesson, and that the ability of the network to let all students answer all questions may have an impact upon student engagement in the classroom. The paper goes on to highlight research done in the field of communications using synchronous electronic submission systems and relates this to the use of similar networks in the classroom.
Multilayer Inpainting on Digitalized Artworks (2008)

Image inpainting automatically restores damaged images and partially removed pictures. Since most inpainting mechanisms inpaint damaged portions in a single layer, this study proposes a multilayer inpainting mechanism by examining how Chinese paintings are drawn in layers. The proposed multilayer inpainting mechanism employs a layer fusion strategy to detect the optimal inpaint combination among layers to restore paintings. Because this multilayer multi-resolution strategy considers damages in each layer from a multi-resolution perspective, it is superior to several existing techniques for restoring Chinese and Western paintings. In this study, the proposed algorithm is tested on more than 1,500 still images, with evaluations showing the effectiveness of image inpainting. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves high PSNR values as well as high user satisfactions, including inpainting in some extreme cases where more than ninety percent of a painting are destroyed.
Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease: a comparative immunohistochemical study. (2001)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ultrastructural study were performed on 19 demented autopsy cases of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Semiquantitative IHC assessment of the pathological changes, according to the criteria of the Consortium to Establish a Registry of Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) and the Consortium on Dementia with Lewy Bodies, showed morphological hallmarks of AD in 18 demented patients. It was found that 11 of these cases fulfilled criteria for "pure" AD, whereas the remaining 7 cases, with mixed findings, Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy-related dystrophic neurites, neuritic plaques (NP) and sometimes neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), met the criteria for Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease (LBV). One case with brain stem and cortical LBs but without NP and NFT was finally diagnosed as a pure form of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Regional distribution and semiquantitative assessment frequency of alpha-synuclein-immunoreactive LBs, tau-immunoreactive NFT and beta-amyloid immunoreactive senile plaques, were compared between LBVand AD. Ultrastructural examination confirmed the filamental structure of cortical LBs. In conclusion, IHC study including antibody to alpha-synuclein, the sensitive marker for Lewy bodies, revealed the coexistence of brain stem and cortical LBs and pathological features of AD in a great part of dementia cases. Patients with mixed, LBs, NP and sometimes NFT pathology, fulfilled neuropathological CERAD criteria for LBV. Semiquantitative comparative IHC study, according to LBs- and NFT-scores and CERAD NP-scores showed in the LBV group a significantly lower frequency of NFT coexisting with neocortical LBs than in the group with pure form of AD.
Polyamines are required for the initiation of rat liver regeneration (2002)

A large number of studies applying inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis have indicated that these compounds are required for animal cell proliferation. Here we show, using a transgenic rat model with activated polyamine catabolism, that a certain critical concentration of the higher polyamines spermidine and spermine is required for liver regeneration. Partial hepatectomy of transgenic rats expressing spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) under the control of mouse metallothionein promoter strikingly induced the enzyme at 24h and reduced hepatic spermidine by 80%. At that time, the weight of the liver remnant was significantly increased in syngenic rats and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labelling index was 20%, whereas the transgenic rats showed no liver weight gain and their PCNA-positive cells accounted for 0.5% of hepatocytes. Similarly, hepatic thymidine incorporation was markedly enhanced at this time point in syngenic, but not in transgenic, animals, whereas the rate of leucine incorporation was only marginally affected in the transgenic animals. At 3 days after operation, the spermidine pool in transgenic livers had increased to the pre-operative level, the remnant weight was significantly elevated and hepatic PCNA labelling index increased to 5%. N1,N11-Diethylnorspermine, a powerful inducer of SSAT, inhibited liver weight gain and proliferative activity in both syngenic and transgenic rats. We found an extremely close correlation between hepatic spermidine, and less close between spermine, concentrations and PCNA labelling index during early liver regeneration. These results indicate that spermidine and/or spermine, but apparently not putrescine, are required for liver regeneration, yet at concentrations smaller than those normally found after partial hepatectomy.
ChemInform Abstract: N,N′‐Bis[4‐(N‐Alkylamidino)phenyl]homopiperazines as Anti‐Pneumocystis carinii Agents. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
FEM Analysis on Temperature Distribution and Thermal Stress of a Brake Drum for Large Commercial Vehicle (2006)

A transient heat transfer and thermal stress analysis for a brake drum of commercial vehicles have been performed by ANSYS code in the cases of single braking and the repeated braking condition. The temperature and thermal stress distributions in the brake drum under various braking conditions were obtained using a two-dimensional axisymmetric model. In case of deceleration of 0.3G with an initial vehicle speed of 60km/h, the maximum temperature in the drum was after braking application. The maximum stress of 78.7MPa in the drum occurred at the intersection between the flange and hat under a condition in which repeated 15 cycles braking with an initial vehicle speed of 60km/h and a deceleration of 0.3G is applied to according to KS R1129. The maximum stress value is much lower than the yield strength of drum material(FC250).
Experimental and simulated results of a SMES fed by a current source inverter (1997)

This paper presents the first experimental results obtained with a 6-pulse, 50 kW GTO current source inverter (CSI) feeding a 25 kJ superconducting coil. This SMES system is the first step into the project AMAS500 which consists of developing a 1 MJ SMES fed by a 500 kW CSI. The complete system will be in operation at the end of this year, but this paper shows the first results of the 25 kJ SMES when compensating a voltage oscillation in a scaled network. The paper is mainly focused on showing the experimental results of the 50 kW power converter and its comparison with simulation results obtained by means of EMTP and SABER/sup TM/ simulators. The very good agreement obtained between both results has validated the simulation models. Based on these models, the design of a 500 kW power converter has been carried out. The results of simulating the 12-pulse 500 kW CSI feeding a 1 MJ superconducting coil are also presented in this paper.
Talbot-like bands for a laser diode below threshold (1997)

We report on the problems encountered when replacing a tungsten filament lamp with a laser diode in a set-up for displaying Talbot bands using a diffraction grating. It is shown that the band pattern is rather complex and strong interference signals may exist in situations where Talbot bands are not normally expected to appear. In these situations, the period of the bands increases with the optical path difference (OPD). The visibility of bands as dependence on path imbalance is obtained by suitably obstructing halfway into the arms of a Michelson interferometer using opaque screens. Â© 1997 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Physisorption of argon, nitrogen and oxygen by MCM-41, a model mesoporous adsorbent (1994)

Adsorption isotherms of argon, nitrogen and oxygen have been determined at 77 K on a sample of MCM-41, a novel form of aluminosilicate. All the isotherms are Type IV in the IUPAC classification. The argon and oxygen isotherms exhibit well defined hysteresis loops, whereas the nitrogen isotherm is completely reversible. This unusual character is attributed to capillary condensation taking place within a narrow range of tubular pores of effective width 3.3–4.3 nm. MCM-41 shows considerable promise as a model mesoporous adsorbent.
Mapping reusable software components onto the ARC parallel processor (2002)

It is shown how to map the components of a program onto the ARC (Architecture for Reusable Components) processor automatically in a way that exploits its features. Mapping consists of two phases. The first phase determines the maximum amount of parallelism attainable from a program in the model of parallel execution. This is done by mapping program components onto logical processors (of which there are an infinite number). The second phase maps the contents of the logical processors onto physical processors (of which there are a limited number). It is shown to (1) identify the distributable components, of the system, (2) determine the relevant relationships among the components, (3) model the maximum amount of parallelism attainable with the model of parallel execution used, and (4) use the information from steps 1-3 to map components onto the processor nodes of ARC. Previous related work is reviewed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Efficacy of famciclovir in the treatment of herpes zoster. (1996)

Although vidarabine was the first systemic antiviral drug for the treatment of acute herpes zoster, the agent now used most frequently is acyclovir, a far safer drug that became available a decade ago. However, even with widespread use of acyclovir, postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) remains a principal cause of postinfectious morbidity. Newer antiviral agents, such as famciclovir and valacyclovir, have recently been introduced for the treatment of uncomplicated herpes zoster. In a double-blind, randomized study, 500 mg of famciclovir three times daily for 7 days was compared with placebo; in a second study, 500 mg of famciclovir three times daily for 7 days was compared with 800 mg of acyclovir five times daily for 7 days. Famciclovir significantly reduced duration of viral shedding (P = 0.0001) and accelerated lesion resolution compared with placebo. Famciclovir was comparable to acyclovir for these acute parameters. Most importantly, famciclovir recipients lost PHN two times faster than those receiving placebo (P = 0.02 all patients; P = 0.004 patients > or = 50 years) resulting in a reduction in the median duration of PHN (56 days all patients; 100 days patients > or = 50 years). This reduction translated to a 3.5-month reduction in the median duration of PHN for patients 50 years or older, those at greatest risk for developing the most common complication of herpes zoster. Famciclovir 500 mg administered three times a day for 7 days is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for acute herpes zoster, and is the only oral antiviral agent proven to reduce the duration of PHN when administered during acute zoster infection.
Nonlinear optical microscopy: use of second harmonic generation and two-photon microscopy for automated quantitative liver fibrosis studies (2008)

Liver fibrosis is associated with an abnormal increase in an extracellular matrix in chronic liver diseases. Quantitative characterization of fibrillar collagen in intact tissue is essential for both fibrosis studies and clinical applications. Commonly used methods, histological staining followed by either semiquantitative or computerized image analysis, have limited sensitivity, accuracy, and operator-dependent variations. The fibrillar collagen in sinusoids of normal livers could be observed through second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. The two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) images, recorded simultaneously with SHG, clearly revealed the hepatocyte morphology. We have systematically optimized the parameters for the quantitative SHG/TPEF imaging of liver tissue and developed fully automated image analysis algorithms to extract the information of collagen changes and cell necrosis. Subtle changes in the distribution and amount of collagen and cell morphology are quantitatively characterized in SHG/TPEF images. By comparing to traditional staining, such as Masson's trichrome and Sirius red, SHG/TPEF is a sensitive quantitative tool for automated collagen characterization in liver tissue. Our system allows for enhanced detection and quantification of sinusoidal collagen fibers in fibrosis research and clinical diagnostics.
STUDIES ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF NEPHILA-SPIDER SILK DRAGLINE (2005)

Abstract Spider dragline silk is an extremely strong biopolymer and has unique combination of desirable mechanical properties. In the present paper dragline of Golden Nephila spider was studied for dimensional, structural, physical and tensile properties. The test results established significant variability in diameter and denier of dragline filaments. The filaments possessed nearly circular cross-section and were found to be sensitive to moisture. The draglines exhibited super contraction in water. It has high strength and large elongation to break (45.9 cN/tex and 38.7 %, respectively). X-ray crystallinity of 17.5 % was obtained. The fibres were also subjected to thermo- mechanical and dynamic mechanical analysis.
Treatment and Long-Term Prognosis of Myoclonic-Astatic Epilepsy of Early Childhood (2002)

MAE is considered to form a clinical spectrum ranging in its main seizure type from myoclonic to atonic, and in seizure and intellectual outcomes from benign to malignant. The overall prognosis, despite initial resistance to treatment, appears to be much better than originally thought when ILAE definitions excluding SME are followed.
<sup>13</sup>C NMR of some <i>trans</i>‐alkoxy‐β‐methyl‐β‐nitrostyrenes (1991)

Abstract 13 C NMR chemical shift assignments for 30 trans ‐alkoxy‐β‐methyl‐β‐nitrostyrenes and the parent compound were measured and interpreted. Chemical shift assignments for 20 of these compounds have not been reported previously. Data are based on a number of 1D and 2D experiments performed at 9.4 T.
The role of Importin‐βs in the maintenance and lineage commitment of mouse embryonic stem cells (2014)

Members of the Importin-β family recognize nuclear localization signals (NLS) and nuclear export signals (NES). These proteins play important roles in various nucleocytoplasmic transport processes in cells. Here, we examined the expression patterns of 21 identified Importin-β genes in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) and mESCs differentiated into neural ectoderm (NE) or mesoendoderm (ME). We observed striking differences in the Importin-β mRNA expression levels within these cell types. We also found that knockdown of selected Importin-β genes led to suppression of Nanog, and altered the balance of Oct4/Sox2 expression ratio, which is important for NE/ME lineage choice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that knockdown of XPO4, RanBP17, RanBP16, or IPO7 differentially affected the lineage selection of differentiating mESCs. More specifically, knockdown of XPO4 selectively stimulated the mESC differentiation towards definitive endoderm, while concomitantly inhibiting NE differentiation. RanBP17 knockdown also promoted endodermal differentiation with no effect on NE differentiation. RanBP16 knockdown caused differentiation into ME, while IPO7 knockdown inhibited NE differentiation, without obvious effects on the other lineages. Collectively, our results suggest that Importin-βs play important roles in cell fate determination processes of mESCs, such as in the maintenance of pluripotency or selection of lineage during differentiation.
Design of Interface and Algorithms for an Image Quality Tester (2000)

The objectives of the work reported here were to design and integrate a communications interface and software procedures (i.e., algorithms) for image processing for a helmet mounted display (HMD) image tester. This is a continuation of a previous effort entitled "Preliminary Design of an Image Tester for Helmet Mounted Display." The proposed image quality tester consists of hardware (including camera, lenses, sensors, and fixtures) and software for image capture and analysis. The interface and image processing algorithms are essential components of this system. The interface bridges the gap between hardware devices and software applications, and thus makes information integration possible. The algorithms process, analyze, and characterize the test pattern information generated by an HMD.