gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subunit equilibria of the 7S nerve growth factor protein (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubunit equilibria of the 7S nerve growth factor proteinAndrew P. Smith, Lloyd A. Greene, H. Ronald Fisk, Silvio Varon, and Eric M. ShooterCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 12, 4918–4926Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00840a040https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00840a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrating transportation in a multi-site scheduling environment (2005)

Multi-site scheduling deals with the scheduling problems of an enterprise with several distributed production sites, where sites are using the intermediate products of other sites to manufacture the products of the enterprise. Therefore the transportation of the raw materials and the intermediate products to the plants is an important task within the whole process of manufacturing. Scheduling problems are treated on two levels. On the global level, a global schedule is generated including the requirements for the local level schedulers which then have to transform the global schedule into a local schedule for manufacturing. Since transportation is a vital task in the multi-site scenario, we view it as a scheduling task on the local level as well. Besides the "classical" objectives of transportation tasks such as finding shortest paths or minimizing costs, the temporal restrictions of meeting the delivery dates here are the most important goals. We describe how transportation tasks can be modeled as a scheduling problem and which kind of solution strategies are appropriate.
Transition-based Knowledge Graph Embedding with Relational Mapping Properties (2014)

Many knowledge repositories nowadays con-tain billions of triplets, i.e. (head-entity, re-lationship, tail-entity), as relation instances. These triplets form a directed graph with enti-ties as nodes and relationships as edges. How-ever, this kind of symbolic and discrete stor-age structure makes it difficult for us to exploit the knowledge to enhance other intelligence-acquired applications (e.g. the Question-Answering System), as many AI-related al-gorithms prefer conducting computation on continuous data. Therefore, a series of e-merging approaches have been proposed to facilitate knowledge computing via encoding the knowledge graph into a low-dimensional embedding space. TransE is the latest and most promising approach among them, and can achieve a higher performance with few-er parameters by modeling the relationship as a transitional vector from the head entity to the tail entity. Unfortunately, it is not flex-ible enough to tackle well with the various mapping properties of triplets, even though it-s authors spot the harm on performance. In this paper, we thus propose a superior model called TransM to leverage the structure of the knowledge graph via pre-calculating the dis-tinct weight for each training triplet according to its relational mapping property. In this way, the optimal function deals with each triplet de-pending on its own weight. We carry out ex-tensive experiments to compare TransM with the state-of-the-art method TransE and other prior arts. The performance of each approach is evaluated within two different application s-cenarios on several benchmark datasets. Re-sults show that the model we proposed signifi-cantly outperforms the former ones with lower parameter complexity as TransE. 1
Proteolytic Enhancement of Human Rotavirus Infectivity (1993)

Rotaviruses are the most important etiologic agents of severe diarrhea worldwide. Despite great advances in vaccine development, little is known about host protection mechanisms other than immunity. This presentation focuses on the proteolytic enhancement of rotavirus infection, with emphasis on the functions of VP4, an outer capsid protein. The in vitro growth of human rotavirus is enhanced by trypsin, which selectively cleaves VP4. Treatment with trypsin increases the infectivity of human rotavirus while decreasing its hemagglutination activity. There are two modes of rotavirus internalization: direct penetration with the aid of trypsin and endocytosis without trypsin. Direct penetration via VP4 cleaved by trypsin is essential for the replication of the virus, whereas endocytotic internalization does not give rise to viral replication.
Current treatment and future perspectives for erectile dysfunction. (1998)

During the last fifteen years the field of erectile dysfunction has grown tremendously, offering several treatment options to impotent patients, such as intracavernosal pharmacotherapy, vacuum therapy, penile vascular surgery and penile prosthetic surgery. Several multicenter clinical trials have been undertaken and numerous studies have been published, showing that the 'gold standard' treatment does not exist. As new oral, intraurethral and intracavernosal medications are added to the armamentarium of physicians and even more will be available for physicians and patients in the near future, the question becomes apparent: which treatment and when? The present paper critically reviews the existing information on currently available treatment options, and discusses future perspectives based on data from ongoing clinical trials. Considerations for the development of a new management strategy are also discussed.
Fast voltage regulator for multilevel flash memories (2002)

This paper presents a very fast recovery voltage regulator for large capacitive loads in multilevel (ML) Flash memories. A suitable low-power structure limits positive output overshoots during transients, thereby allowing the basic regulation loop to be designed for very high recovery speed. The circuit is therefore able to quickly restore the output voltage to its regulated value when a previously discharged capacitance is connected to its output. Typical applications include read word-line and program bit-line voltage regulators for ML Flash memories, where accurate and quickly regulated voltages are vital for optimal read and program operations. Computer simulations for a 0.18 /spl mu/m 2 bit/cell 64 Mb Flash memory are shown.
Polymorphism of the N -acetyltransferase 2 gene as a susceptibility risk factor for antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis (2002)

Antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis is one of the most prevalent drug-induced liver injuries. Isoniazid is the major drug incriminated in this hepatotoxicity. Isoniazid is mainly metabolized to hepatotoxic intermediates by N-acetyltransferase (NAT). However, the association of polymorphic NAT acetylator status and antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis is debatable. To determine whether acetylator status is a risk factor for antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis, we genotyped NAT2 in 224 incident tuberculosis patients who received antituberculosis treatment. Antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis was diagnosed based on a positive isoniazid rechallenge test and exclusion of viral hepatitis. Acetylator status was determined by genotyping NAT2 in patients using a polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors of isoniazid-induced hepatitis. Thirty-three patients (14.7%) were diagnosed with antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis. Slow acetylators had a higher risk of hepatotoxicity than rapid acetylators (26.4% vs. 11.1%, P =.013). Among patients with hepatotoxicity, slow acetylators had significantly higher serum aminotransferase levels than rapid acetylators. Logistic regression showed that slow-acetylator status (odds ratio [OR], 3.66; 95% CI, 1.58-8.49; P =.003) and age (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.14; P <.001) were the only 2 independent risk factors for antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis. In conclusion, slow-acetylator status of NAT2 is a significant susceptibility risk factor for antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis. Additionally, slow acetylators are prone to develop more severe hepatotoxicity than rapid acetylators. Regular monitoring of serum aminotransferase levels is mandatory in patients receiving antituberculosis treatment, especially in slow acetylators.
Inhibition of Thrombin in Plasma by Heparin or Arginine (2007)

The inhibition of plasmatic thrombin is of clinical importance in a broad range of diseases. To obtain reliable data the assay system should be as similar to physiology as possible. Using a newly developed physiologic assay system for fibrinogen/thrombin interaction (the FIFTA), the inhibition of plasmatic thrombin by heparin or by arginine was studied. The standard fibrinogen functional turbidimetric assay (FIFTA) was performed, varying heparin or arginine concentrations and varying the time point the inhibitor was added to the FIFTA. Plasmatic heparin concentrations equal to or greater than 0.63 IU/mL completely inhibit thrombin in the assay system described. The IC(50) is 0.1 IU/mL heparin. Heparin can only inhibit fibrin generation within the first 2 minutes at room temperature (RT=23 degrees C). The 50% inhibitory time point, that is, the time point that a 10 IU/mL final concentration of heparin results in 50% inhibition of FIFTA, is 30 seconds at RT. A final arginine concentration of at least 125 mM in the first 100 seconds of the FIFTA reaction at RT completely inhibits turbidity increase. Half-maximal turbidity increase occurs at 63 mM arginine. Final arginine concentrations of at least 250 mM completely inhibit turbidity increase, when arginine acts in the first 4 minutes (RT) of the thrombin/ fibrinogen interaction. A final arginine concentration of 477 mM added at the 12-minute or 30-minute thrombin/ fibrinogen reaction time point decreases the resulting turbidity by 50% after an additional 30 minutes at RT. Pathologic disseminated intravascular coagulation occurs in a multitude of diseases; in common is always the generation of thrombin either by the contact phase or by the tissue factor phase of coagulation. Such pathologically elevated thrombin activity in blood or blood products must be prevented or inhibited. This study demonstrates the efficiency of two physiologic thrombin inhibitors: heparin and arginine.
Feasibility of progesterone treatment for ischaemic stroke (2015)

Two multi-centre phase III clinical trials examining the protective potential of progesterone following traumatic brain injury have recently failed to demonstrate any improvement in outcome. Thus, it is timely to consider how this impacts on the translational potential of progesterone treatment for ischaemic stroke. A wealth of experimental evidence supports the neuroprotective properties of progesterone, and associated metabolites, following various types of central nervous system injury. In particular, for ischaemic stroke, studies have also begun to reveal possible mechanisms of such neuroprotection. However, the results in traumatic brain injury now question whether further clinical development of progesterone for ischaemic stroke is relevant.
Action of Bufagins Isolated from Different Species of Toads (1932)

In the investigation of Ch'an Su, a commercial preparation of the venom of a Chinese toad, and the poisonous secretions of 10 additional species of toads collected from different parts of the world, the authors found variations in the potency, physical constants, and chemical composition of some of the principles that were isolated from them. The secretion of each species of the toads contains at least from 3 to 5 distinct principles that belong to 5 classes of compounds: cholesterol, epinephrine, bufagin, bufotoxin, and bufotenine. Cholesterol occurs in all of the secretions. Spectrographs examinations of several different samples showed the presence of ergosterol in various amounts. It has already been proved that after irradiation the sterol from Ch'an Su has an antirachitic action in rats. Epinephrine occurs in B. marinusCh'an Su, and appears to be present in B. arenarum, B. regularis, B. formosus, and B. bufo gargarisans. The amount varies from 2 to 5% of the dried secretion. Bufagin is a word used generically, since it was observed that most of the bufagins, although similar in their action and elementary composition, are quantitatively different from each other as shown by their minimal emetic dose in cats and pigeons, respectively, and also by the average fatal do^e in cats (Table I). Besides, their melting points are not the same throughout. The bufagins possess the essential features of the members of the digitalis group. The action of the bufagins is not persistent, for the cat can eliminate completely a minimal emetic dose within one to few hours. The cat unit of each principle is less than 1 mg.
Cache-Conscious Wavefront Scheduling (2012)

This paper studies the effects of hardware thread scheduling on cache management in GPUs. We propose Cache-Conscious Wave front Scheduling (CCWS), an adaptive hardware mechanism that makes use of a novel intra-wave front locality detector to capture locality that is lost by other schedulers due to excessive contention for cache capacity. In contrast to improvements in the replacement policy that can better tolerate difficult access patterns, CCWS shapes the access pattern to avoid thrashing the shared L1. We show that CCWS can outperform any replacement scheme by evaluating against the Belady-optimal policy. Our evaluation demonstrates that cache efficiency and preservation of intra-wave front locality become more important as GPU computing expands beyond use in high performance computing. At an estimated cost of 0.17% total chip area, CCWS reduces the number of threads actively issued on a core when appropriate. This leads to an average 25% fewer L1 data cache misses which results in a harmonic mean 24% performance improvement over previously proposed scheduling policies across a diverse selection of cache-sensitive workloads.
Structural and functional modularity of voltage‐gated potassium channels (1999)

Sequence similarity among known potassium channels indicates the voltage-gated potassium channels consist of two modules: the N-terminal portion of the channel up to and including transmembrane segment S4, called in this paper the 'sensor' module, and the C-terminal portion from transmembrane segment S5 onwards, called the 'pore' module. We investigated the functional role of these modules by constructing chimeric channels which combine the 'sensor' from one native voltage-gated channel, mKv1.1, with the 'pore' from another, Shaker H4, and vice versa. Functional studies of the wild type and chimeric channels show that these modules can operate outside their native context. Each channel has a unique conductance-voltage relation. Channels incorporating the mKv1.1 sensor module have similar rates of activation while channels having the Shaker pore module show similar rates of deactivation. This observation suggests the mKv1.1 sensor module limits activation and the Shaker pore module determines deactivation. We propose a model that explains the observed equilibrium and kinetic properties of the chimeric constructs in terms of the characteristics of the native modules and a novel type of intrasubunit cooperativity. The properties ascribed to the modules are the same whether the modules function in their native context or have been assembled into a chimera.
An algorithmic approach to some problems in terrain navigation (1989)

An Algorithmic Approach to some Problems in Terrain Navigation
Acoustics of the Vowel: Preliminaries (2016)

It seems as if the fundamentals of how we produce vowels and how they are acoustically represented have been clarified: we phonate and articulate. Using our vocal chords, we produce a vocal sound or noise which is then shaped into a specific vowel sound by the resonances of the pharyngeal, oral, and nasal cavities, that is, the vocal tract. Accordingly, the acoustic description of vowels relates to vowel-specific patterns of relative energy maxima in the sound spectra, known as patterns of formants. The intellectual and empirical reasoning presented in this treatise, however, gives rise to scepticism with respect to this understanding of the sound of the vowel. The reflections and materials presented provide reason to argue that, up to now, a comprehensible theory of the acoustics of the voice and of voiced speech sounds is lacking, and consequently, no satisfying understanding of vowels as an achievement and particular formal accomplishment of the voice exists. Thus, the question of the acoustics of the vowel—and with it the question of the acoustics of the voice itself—proves to be an unresolved fundamental problem.
Salt effects on the phase transition of ionic gels (1982)

An ionized acrylamide gel is found to undergo a discrete phase transition in equilibrium volume upon varying the salt concentration in the solution. The salt concentration required for the transition depends strongly on the valency of the positive salt ion added to the solution. In certain cases the concentration at the transition is many thousand times larger for monovalent ions than for divalent ions. A simple theoretical consideration of the osmotic pressure of the ions can explain the phenomenon.
Performance evaluation of the PENTRA 60C<sup>+</sup> automated hematology analyzer and comparison with the ADVIA 2120 (2009)

The PENTRA 60C(+) hematology analyzer provides a complete blood cell (CBC) count, including a five-part differential (5-DIFF) count and two leukocyte subpopulations, i.e. large immature cells (LIC's) and atypical lymphocytes (ALY's). We evaluated its analytical performance and assessed agreement with the ADVIA 2120, in order to install the analyzer in a small satellite hematology laboratory. First we assessed repeatability, reproducibility and carry-over to evaluate the analytical performance. Then we used Pearson correlation coefficients, Passing and Bablok regression analysis and a graphical approach (n = 209) to evaluate agreement with the ADVIA 2120. Repeatability and reproducibility were excellent for the majority of CBC and 5-DIFF count parameters. Carry-over was negligible. Our data showed very good correlation for most CBC count parameters. Lower correlation coefficients were observed for red cell distribution width, mean corpuscular volume and mean platelet volume. As compared to the ADVIA 2120, the 5-DIFF count performed very well. Agreement was poorer for low-level eosinophils and basophils. Furthermore, the PENTRA 60C(+) was equally able to identify pathological blood samples through the determination of LIC's and ALY's. Therefore, the PENTRA 60C(+) is an eligible blood cell counter to be operational in a satellite laboratory setting.
Void Swelling in Electron Irradiated Hastelloy-X (1978)

The electron-irradiation studies on Hastelloy-X in the temperature range of 400~600°C to a dose of about 40 dpa have revealed that Hastelloy-X is much more resistant to void swelling compared to Type 316 stainless steel. The low void swelling in Hastelloy-X is attributable to small void size which arises from long incubation period for void nucleation and low climbing rate of dislocations. The magnitude of the incubation period depends on the stability of void embryo; the void in Hastelloy-X is not considered to be stabilized with solute atom segregation as seen in Type 316 stainless steel, and then, the high dislocation density is essential for the void nucleation. The stabilization of void embryo also affects the void number density, especially at high temperature where vacancy supersaturation rate is low. And the small void number density in Hastelloy-X results in very small void swelling at a high temperature (600°C).
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors With Strong Topical Antiglaucoma Properties Incorporating a 4-(2-amino-pyrimidin-4-yl-amino)-benzenesulfonamide Scaffold (2002)

Reaction of 4-(2-amino-pyrimidin-4-yl-amino)-benzenesulfonamide with alkyl/aryl-sulfonyl halides, acyl halides or arysulfonyl isocyanates afforded a series of derivatives which were tested for inhibition of three carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozymes. These compounds were designed in such a way as to (i) strongly inhibit several CA isozymes involved in aqueous humor secretion within the eye (such as CA II and CA IV), and (ii) to possess a pharmacological profile that allows easy penetration through the cornea, when administered as eye drops in solution or suspension, constituting thus a valuable therapeutic approach for glaucoma. Several of the obtained inhibitors showed low nanomolar affinities for the two isozymes involved in aqueous humor secretion, CA II and CA IV. Furthermore, in normotensive and hypertensive rabbits, some of them showed an effective and prolonged intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering when administered topically, as 2% suspensions/solutions.
Maximal Closure of a Graph and Applications to Combinatorial Problems (1976)

This paper generalizes the selection problem discussed by J. M. Rhys [Rhys, J. M. W. 1970. Shared fixed cost and network flows. Management Sci. 17 (3, November).], J. D. Murchland [Murchland, J. D. 1968. Rhys's combinatorial station selection problem. London Graduate School of Business Studies, Transport Network Theory Unit, Report LBS-TNT-68, June 10.], M. L. Balinski [Balinski, M. L. 1970. On a selection problem. Management Sci. 17 (3, November).] and P. Hansen [Hansen, P. 1974. Quelques approches de la programmation non lineaire en variables 0-1. Conference on Mathematical Programming, Bruxelles, May.]. Given a directed graph G, a closure of G is defined as a subset of nodes such that if a node belongs to the closure all its successors also belong to the set. If a real number is associated to each node of G a maximal closure is defined as a closure of maximal value.
Agonist pharmacology of the neuronal α7 nicotinic receptor expressed in <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes (1993)

The potencies and efficacies of seven agonists at chick alpha 7 nicotinic receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes were determined by whole cell recording. (+)-Anatoxin-a was the most potent agonist (EC50 = 0.58 microM) and acetylcholine was the least potent (EC50 = 320 microM). The rank order of agonist potencies was: (+)-anatoxin-a >> cytisine > (-)-nicotine > (+)-nicotine > DMPP > 1-acetyl-4-methylpiperazine methiodide > acetylcholine. DMPP evoked only very small currents: comparison of maximally effective agonist concentrations showed that DMPP was only one-fifth as efficacious as other agonists. Previously published IC50 values for rat brain [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin sites show a similar agonist profile, and the identity of homo-oligomeric alpha 7 receptors with native alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive neuronal nicotinic receptors is discussed.