gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent progress in MEMS electret generator for energy harvesting (2011)

Abstract Energy harvesting is a method by which energy naturally present in the environment is captured and then converted into electricity for use in low‐power electronics. Among the various energy sources, structural vibration is believed to be useful for powering wireless sensors in various applications such as sensor network and structural health monitoring. In the present paper, after a brief introduction to electret materials and charging technologies, recent progress in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) electret generators is reviewed. © 2011 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
One-stop shopping. (1996)

The long-term-care industry's new mantras are "continuum of care" and "one-stop shopping." Companies are trying to please consumers who are clamoring for more senior-living options and managed-care organizations that want administratively simple contracting arrangements.
Reactivity of the hydroxyl radical in aqueous solutions (1973)

Abstract : The reaction rate data of the hydroxyl radical in aqueous solution are compiled and evaluated in this critical review. The values are reported in a series of tables covering addition, hydrogen abstraction, inorganic electron transfer and radical reactions. Rate constants for the hydroxyl radical with biological molecules are included. In addition, the rate constant data for the oxide radical ion are given. Physical properties are listed and the experimental methods employed in OH radical chemistry are reviewed. An analysis involving rate constant data comparisons is made.
Synthesis of Bridgehead Substituted Bicyclo[2.2.1]Heptanes. Radical Cyclization of an Oxime Ether and an α,β-Unsaturated Ester (1994)

The synthesis of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes with useful functionality at each bridgehead is achieved by radical cyclization of appropriately substituted 4-methylene- and 4-benzyloxyimino- cyclohexylmethyl radicals. The latter process, for example, leads to a bridgehead amine. Optimum yields are achieved when the reactions are conducted at 110° with slow addition of tributyltin hydride; under these conditions, the uncyclized isomer is either not detected, or formed in very small quantity. Production of a mixture of five- and six-membered cycloalkanones from similar treatment of the analogous 4-oxocyclohexylmethyl radicals reveals that the reaction is medicated by the corresponding 1-norbornyloxy radical.
Improving Lookahead in Parallel Multiprocessor Simulation Using Dynamic Execution Path Prediction (2006)

Simulation performance is dominated by lookahead in null message-based conservative time management of parallel discrete event simulation (PDES). This paper proposes a scheme for software execution path prediction to extend lookahead in parallel multiprocessor simulation. Templates for predicting program execution path are generated by software analysis, then, a processor model gets lookaheads by evaluating the templates at simulation time. We reduced the amount of null messages by a factor of 10 to 50 in parallel simulation with eight clustered workstations and, as a result, achieved a speedup factor of 4 to 7 compared to a conventional method having constant lookahead.
Effect of age on the differentiation of porcine adipose stromal-vascular cells in culture1 (1994)

Stromal-vascular (S-V) cells isolated from adipose tissue of newborn pigs (NBPC) and mature pigs (MPC) by collagenase digestion were used to evaluate differences in preadipocyte culture and development. Cells were seeded at a density of 3 x 10(4) cells/cm2 on six-well (35-mm) tissue culture plates in 3 mL of DMEM/HAM's F12 medium plus 10% fetal calf serum and cultured at 37 degrees C under a humidified atmosphere of 95% air:5% CO2 for 24 h. Cells were then washed thoroughly in DMEM/HAM's F12 medium without fetal calf serum and maintained in serum free (SF) medium or SF medium supplemented with 2.5% newborn pig serum (NBPS) or mature pig serum (MPS) for 12 d. After 1 d, more NBPC adhered to the culture plates, as indicated by DNA values. After 12 d, protein per culture well was not significantly different, but DNA concentration per well remained higher (P < .05) in cultures of NBPC than in the MPC cultured in the same medium, indicating fewer MPC. Protein:DNA ratios were higher (P < .05) in cultures of MPC regardless of the medium, reflecting larger cell size. More cells containing fat deposits were seen with NBPC in all conditions in comparison with MPC, and more fat was deposited in NBPC in SF than in SF plus NBPS or MPS. The NBPC had higher (P < .05) sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH; EC 1.1.1.8) per protein than MPC regardless of the medium. For both cell types, GPDH activity in either serum was less than activity of cells grown in SF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acetylene Terminated Quinoxalines ATQ. (1976)

A series of acetylene terminated phenylquinoxaline oligomers have been prepared which cure by addition, without the evolution of volatiles. The synthesis utilized the novel terminal acetylene end-capping reagent, 3-(3,4-diaminophenoxy)phenyl acetylene. The end-capped oligomers were soluble (20-30%) in low boiling organic solvents and exhibited a high degree of flow at their softening temperatures. Thermal analytical data obtained on the oligomers indicated initial softening in the vicinity of 160 C and a strong polymerization exotherm maximizing at 274 C. Cured samples (8 hrs at 280 C) exhibited Tg's of approximately 320 C. Mass spectrometry-thermogravimetric analysis of the polymers demonstrated that no volatiles were emitted during cure, and that decomposition of the resins initiated at 465 C. (Author)
Compact FBG diaphragm accelerometer based on L-shaped rigid cantilever beam (2011)

A compact fiber Bragg grating (FBG) diaphragm accelerometer based on L-shaped rigid cantilever beam is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensing system is based on the integration of a flat diaphragm and an L-shaped rigid cantilever beam. The FBG is pre-tensioned and the two side points are fixed, efficiently avoiding the unwanted chirp effect of grating. Dynamic vibration measurement shows that the proposed FBG diaphragm accelerometer provides a wide frequency response range (0-110 Hz) and an extremely high sensitivity (106.5 pm/g), indentifying it as a good candidate for embedding structural health monitoring and seismic wave measurement.
MMSE interference suppression for multicarrier DS-CDMA in frequency selective channels (2002)

We integrate the multicarrier (MC) signaling technique and a minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) receiver to design a MC DS CDMA system with the capability to suppress both multiple access interference and multipath interference. We employ the correlated subcarrier model to analyze the average probability of error of the system when operating in a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel, and compare the results with those obtained when the MC-RAKE system operates without the MMSE. The new system is shown to successfully suppress near-far multiple access interference without requiring knowledge of other users' spreading codes, timing, or phase information, while, at the same time, yielding a diversity combining gain. Also, the tradeoff among the number of subcarriers, the number of multipaths, and the number of weights in the MMSE receiver is shown in the results.
Culture bag systems for clinical applications of adult human neural crest-derived stem cells (2014)

Here, we report for the first time the successful cultivation of human NCSCs within cGMP-grade Afc-FEP bags using a human blood plasma-supplemented medium. Our findings particularly demonstrate the unchanged differentiation capability and genetic stability of the cultivated NCSCs, suggesting the great potential of this culture system for future medical applications in the field of regenerative medicine.
Studies on alkyl‐substituted, heteroaromatic carbonitriles: Novel synthesis of thienoazines and benzoazines (1990)

Abstract The alkyl‐substituted heterocyclic carbonitriles 1 – 3 react with elemental sulphur to yield the thienoazines 7 , 11 and 13 , respectively. Whereas 7 reacts with acrylonitrile to afford a [4+2] cycloaddition product with elimination of hydrogen sulphide, compounds 11 and 13 are not converted into cycloadducts. The quinoline 9a and the quinazoline 14 are obtained by reaction of 1 and 3 , respectively, with formaldehyde and malononitrile. The thienopyridines 16 are produced by reaction of 6a , c with benzylidinemalonitrile. Furo[3,4‐ f ]indazole 19 is prepared by [4 + 2] cycloaddition of the thienopyrazole 18 with maleic anhydride. The effect of the substituent of the thienyl moiety of the thienopyridazine ring system on its reactivity toward electron‐poor olefins has been investigated.
ACE2‐Variants Indicate Potential SARS‐CoV‐2‐Susceptibility in Animals: A Molecular Dynamics Study (2021)

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be a global threat, causing millions of deaths worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped virus with spike (S) glycoproteins conferring binding to the host cell's angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is critical for cellular entry. The host range of the virus extends well beyond humans and non-human primates. Natural and experimental infections have confirmed the high susceptibility of cats, ferrets, and Syrian hamsters, whereas dogs, mice, rats, pigs, and chickens are refractory to SARS-CoV-2 infection. To investigate the underlying reason for the variable susceptibility observed in different species, we have developed molecular descriptors to efficiently analyse dynamic simulation models of complexes between SARS-CoV-2 S and ACE2. Our extensive analyses represent the first systematic structure-based approach that allows predictions of species susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
前言: 健康的文化生命倫理探索 (2017)

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese本期論文探討健康與文化之間的關係問題，內容包括中國傳 統文化對於中國人的健康概念的塑造及意義，儒家生命倫理對於 當前中國醫療改革的啟示和指導、及其對於現代中國醫療保健制 度變遷的評價和總結，儒家的心身觀點對於“換頭術”的看法， 以及中國傳統文化與當代中國人的遺體捐獻行為的關係。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 135 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
Neuropathic pain - current concepts : CPD (2008)

Neuropathic pain (NP) represents a common and diverse group of disorders with peripheral and / or central nervous system damage or dysfunction. Many patients report intractable and severe pain that is resistant to simple analgesics. The diagnosis of NP is primarily based on clinical evaluation rather than diagnostic tests. Distinct pain qualities in the patient's history and findings on clinical examination, such as hyperalgesia and other sensory findings in an area correlating with the patient's pain pattern are important in diagnosis. Various screening tools may assist in the diagnosis of NP.
A number of pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified in NP, including sodium- and calcium-channel upregulation and spinal cord hyperexcitability (central sensitisation). Appropriate management includes evaluation of the functional impact of NP, patient education and reassurance. A multi-model biopsychosocial approach that includes various nonpharmacological modalities is recommended. Appropriate pharmacological management is based on evidence-based recommendations that provide guidance for selecting first-, second- and third-line medications, alone or in combination. It is hoped that future treatment advances will improve the care of patients who live with NP.
Salivary pH: A diagnostic biomarker (2013)

These results indicate a significant change in the pH depending on the severity of the periodontal condition. The salivary pH shows significant changes and thus relevance to the severity of periodontal disease. Salivary pH may thus be used as a quick chairside diagnostic biomarker.
Über das Alkaloid Serpentin aus Rauwolfia serpentina Benth (1950)

Abstract Die Darstellung des Alkaloids Serpentin aus den Wurzeln von Rauwolfia serpentina Benth. wurde neu ausgearbeitet, und es wurden nach dem neuen Verfahren grössere Mengen Serpentin dargestellt. Die Base wurde durch Salze charakterisiert und die Summenformel neu zu C 21 H 22 O 3 N 2 bestimmt. Durch Selendehydrierung, Verseifung und Vergleich des UV.‐Spektrums mit bekannten Spektren wurde die Konstitution des Serpentins teilweise abgeklärt.
Secretion of an Endogenous Subtilisin by <i>Pichia pastoris</i> Strains GS115 and KM71 (2010)

The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is widely used for the expression of heterologous enzymes. While the purity of the desired expression product is of major importance for many applications, we found that recombinant enzymes produced in methanol medium were contaminated by a 37-kDa endogenous yeast protease. This enzyme was completely inhibited by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) but not by 1,10-phenanthroline, EDTA, and pepstatin A, suggesting the nature of a serine protease. Its secretion was abolished in P. pastoris strains GS115 and KM71 by specific mutagenesis of a subtilisin gene (SUB2) but not by inactivation of the gene encoding vacuolar proteinase B (PRB). Bioinformatic comparisons of Sub2 protein with subtilisins from other fungal genomes and phylogenetic analyses indicated that this enzyme is not an orthologue of the vacuolar protease cerevisin generally present in yeasts but is more closely related to another putative subtilisin found in a small number of yeast genomes. During growth of P. pastoris, Sub2 was produced as a secreted enzyme at a concentration of 10 microg/ml of culture supernatant after overexpression of the full-length SUB2 gene. During fermentative production of recombinant enzymes in methanol medium, 1 ml of P. pastoris culture supernatant was found to contain approximately 3 ng of Sub2, while the enzyme was not detected during growth in a medium containing glycerol as a carbon source. The mutant strain GS115-sub2 was subsequently used as a host for the production of recombinant proteases without endogenous subtilisin contamination.
An optically controlled MMW beam-steering antenna based on a novel architecture (1997)

Beam-steering millimeter-wave (MMW) antennas using photo-induced plasma gratings (PIPGs) offer a dramatic decrease in fabrication cost compared to their phased-array counterparts. We describe a totally new antenna design which has been tested in both the receiving and the transmitting modes. The new antenna is a compact device with a reconfigurable PIPG in a semiconductor plate as an output aperture. This aperture is fed by a tunnel-coupling dielectric waveguide. We demonstrated the antenna's scanning capability over a/spl plusmn/15/spl deg/ range. The new design permits the antenna to operate at various polarizations including linear polarization (either vertical or horizontal) and circular polarization (an ellipticity of only 0.8 dB has been demonstrated).
Fluid shear stress‐induced transcriptional activation of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 gene requires Sp1‐dependent DNA binding (2002)

Hemodynamic forces play a fundamental role in the regulation of endothelial cell survival. As signaling via the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 pathway has been previously demonstrated to impact endothelial cell survival, we hypothesized that laminar shear stress may facilitate survival in part by inducing VEGF receptor-2 expression. This study shows a time- and dose-dependent upregulation of endothelial VEGF receptor-2 expression by fluid shear stress in microvascular and large-vessel derived endothelial cells. A functional analysis of the 5'-regulatory region of the VEGF receptor-2 promoter localized the shear stress-response element to a sequence between bp -60 and -37 that encompasses two adjacent consensus Sp1 transcription factor binding sites. Constitutive and shear stress-inducible Sp1-dependent complexes are bound to this element, indicating that fluid shear stress-induced transcriptional activation of the VEGF receptor-2 gene requires Sp1-dependent DNA binding. Together, these results suggest that biomechanical stimulation may lead to endothelial cell survival by upregulating VEGF receptor-2 expression.
Plasma-Induced Chemisorption of Nitrogen and Its Chemical Reactivity on Alumina (1994)

Nitrogen was chemisorbed on an alumina ( Al 2 O 3 ) surface by plasma discharge of N 2 , and the chemical behavior of chemisorbed nitrogen was studied by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Molecular nitrogen N 2 (ad) chemisorbed on an Al 2 O 3 surface showed a high reactivity with hydrogen even at room temperature, if Pt is present on the Al 2 O 3 surface. Hydrogenated species, NH x (ad) ( x =1 or 2) and NH 3 (ad), were formed on the Al 2 O 3 surface, as evidenced by IR spectroscopy. It is suggested that hydrogen spill-over from the Pt surface onto the Al 2 O 3 catalyst plays an important role in the mechanism of hydrogenation reaction.
Performance evaluation of a new LSO high resolution research tomograph-HRRT (2003)

In order to improve the capability for investigating the living human brain using positron emission tomography with regard to blood flow, metabolism and receptor characteristics for small structures such as cortical sublayers and nuclei, the spatial resolution has to be improved relative to what is available today. A spatial resolution of 2 mm or less in all three dimensions may be necessary to reach these research goals. In order to meet this goal a new next generation high resolution 3D-only LSO brain PET has been developed at CTI. The HRRT (High Resolution Research Tomograph) is not only the first LSO PET for human studies it is also the first PET with full DOI capability over an extended FOV. The HRRT has been delivered to the MPI Cologne in February 1999 and is presently being optimized in terms of energy discrimination, crystal positioning, coincidence timing and PSD to achieve optimal system performance with respect to resolution, count rate efficiency and scatter. The panel detector setup with its new setup challenges is still under development and investigations. First evaluation measurements are presently obtained. The measurements promise an excellent high resolution performance with a high count rate capability of the HRRT. The high random rates and the SF fraction measurements underline the necessity for a short coincidence time window and an improved energy resolution for such an in the images reveal a not yet optimized system setup and reconstruction parameters. The authors believe the results demonstrate the high capability of the new brain tomograph and justify the excitement for the first LSO tomograph with DOI capability for human brain investigations and the new scintillator LSO, superior for coincidence timing and energy resolution.
Boron Carbide: A New Crystalline Abrasive and Wear‐Resisting Product (1934)

The production of a new abrasive carbide of boron is briefly outlined. The manufacturing process is similar to that for silicon carbide. The losses of boron are negligible, and on this the commercial practicability of process for the new boron carbide is based. Completely dehydrated commercial boric acid is used as raw material, together with high purity coke. The reaction temperature is 2,500°–2,600° C. During the furnace operation the innermost zone melts, forming the carbide. Crystalline B 4 C has a very low vapor pressure at high temperatures and does not distill. The intrinsic hardness of B 4 C exceeds that of SiC. Molded B 4 C gave an average modulus of rupture in compression of 18,000 kg./cm. 2 . In cross bending, the modulus of rupture is less than that of cemented tungsten carbide. The resistivity at 20° C. is 0.445 ohms/cm. 3 . The coefficient of expansion between 25° to 800° C. is 4.5 × 10 −6 . The carbide is inert in all solutions of acids and alkalies, both concentrated and dilute. Industrially, B 4 C is used for drilling cemented tungsten carbide die nibs, nozzles for abrasive blasting, jeweled bearings in place of sapphire, wire drawing dies, etc.
Three Binding Sites for the Aspergillus nidulans PacC Zinc-finger Transcription Factor Are Necessary and Sufficient for Regulation by Ambient pH of the Isopenicillin N Synthase Gene Promoter (1996)

The isopenicillin N synthase (ipnA) gene, encoding a key penicillin biosynthetic enzyme in Aspergillus nidulans, represents a prototype of an alkaline-expressed gene. ipnA is under ambient pH regulation, and its promoter (ipnAp) contains binding sites for the zinc-finger transcription factor PacC. We show here that three of these sites, denoted ipnA2, ipnA3, and ipnA4AB, are efficiently recognized by the protein in an isolated sequence context. Single, double, and triple inactivation of these sites in any possible combination reduced promoter activity under alkaline conditions but had no effect under acidic conditions (under which promoter activity was low), as measured by the expression of wild-type and mutant ipnAp::lacZ fusion genes integrated in single copy into a common chromosomal location. This establishes a physiological role for these PacC binding sites and demonstrates a direct role for PacC in ambient pH regulation of ipnA gene expression. In addition, this confirms our previous proposal that PacC is an activator for alkaline-expressed genes. Notably, our experiments show that ipnA2, the highest affinity site for PacC in the ipnAp, contributes relatively modestly to PacC-mediated activation. By contrast, the lower affinity sites ipnA3 and ipnA4AB contribute more substantially to regulation by ambient pH. Inactivation of these three binding sites reduced promoter activity under alkaline conditions to that observed under acidic conditions, showing that these three PacC sites at ipnAp are sufficient to account for its activation by alkaline ambient pH.
THE CHANGING CONCEPT OF AUXIN (1961)

K efford , N. P., and P. L. G oldacre . (Division of Plant Industry, C.S.I.R.O., Canberra, Australia.) The changing concept of auxin. Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(7): 643–650. Illus. 1961.—Recent findings in auxin research are interpreted as follows: The concept of auxin as only a cell‐enlargement regulator can no longer accommodate the variety of growth phenomena controlled by auxin. In isolated tissues, auxin interacts with gibberellin in the control of cell enlargement, and auxin and kinin interact in initiating cell division. Some evidence suggests a single site of auxin action for both processes. It is proposed that auxin is not a determining agent but a predisposing agent, causing the production of something in limiting amount which is required in both processes —in the presence of kinin, cell division is activated; in the presence of gibberellin, cell enlargement is activated. In the presence of limiting amounts of auxin, there could be competition between the 2 processes, the outcome depending on the balance of kinin and gibberellin. The possibility of competition in the presence of supraoptimal auxin concentrations is also suggested. Difficulties arise in the application of this concept to observations on intact plants, where cause and effect relationships are not readily established; the use of excised plant parts shows the relationships more clearly. The role of auxin in cell and organ differentiation is also discussed. The primary auxin reaction is not yet known. The biological assay for auxins is discussed with reference to this and to natural auxins. The function of auxin in the correlation of tissue and organ growth through the auxin transport system is stressed, and it is pointed out that if transport is a necessary requirement of a native auxin, indole‐3‐acetic acid is at present the only substance known to qualify.
3-(1-Aminoalkyl)pyrazole- and 4,5-Dihydropyrazole-5-carboxylic Acids as Peptide Bond Replacements (2011)

Orthogonally protected 3-(1-aminoalkyl)pyrazole- and 4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-carboxylic acids are prepared by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of α-aminonitrile imines with electron-deficient al­kenes; the pyrazole is incorporated into pseudotri- and tetrapeptides.