gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON LYSINE FERMENTATION I. (1961)

1. Lysine accumulation by various auxotrophs was found. Especially a large quantity of lysine was accumulated by homoserine-less mutant of glutamic acid producer, previously named Micrococcus glutamicus. All homoserine-less mutants tested including Bacillus subtilis and E. coli showed lysine accumulation. Considerable lysine accumulation occurred with mutants such as threonine-less, isoleucine-less, leucine-less and both isoleucine and leucine-less mutants.2. Lysine accumulation by homoserine-less mutant of M. glutamicus was studied rather in detail. Lactic acid accumulated in place of lysine in excess of homoserine or threonine and biotin in media. In sufficient concentration of biotin and a proper amount of requiring amino acids, lysine accumulated. In low biotin concentration the tendency of glutamic acid accumulation was recognized.3. Homoserine and threonine inhibited specifically the lysine accumulation from glucose and ammonia by washed cell suspension of homoserine-less mutant of M. glutamicus. The action of these amino acids was suggested to he inhibition of enzyme action rather than enzyme formation.
Quantitation of crystallinity in substantially amorphous pharmaceuticals and study of crystallization kinetics by X-ray powder diffractometry (2000)

The first object was to develop an X-ray diffractometric method for the detection and quantification of crystalline sucrose when it occurs as a mixture with amorphous sucrose. Standards consisting of amorphous sucrose physically mixed with 1 to 5 weight percent crystalline sucrose were prepared. The sum of the background subtracted integrated intensities of the 12.7°2θ (6.94 Å) and 13.1°2θ (6.73 Å) sucrose diffraction peaks were linearly related to the weight percent crystalline sucrose. The limits of detection and quantitation of crystalline sucrose were 0.9% and 1.8% w/w, respectively. The second object was to study the kinetics of crystallization of sucrose as a function of temperature (at 102, 105 and 110 °C under a water vapor pressure of 0 Torr) and water vapor pressure (17.4, 19.8 and 21.4 Torr at 27 °C). In all cases, the crystallization kinetics was best described by the Avrami-Erofe’ev model (three-dimensional nucleation).
Acoustic Non-Line-Of-Sight Imaging (2019)

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging enables unprecedented capabilities in a wide range of applications, including robotic and machine vision, remote sensing, autonomous vehicle navigation, and medical imaging. Recent approaches to solving this challenging problem employ optical time-of-flight imaging systems with highly sensitive time-resolved photodetectors and ultra-fast pulsed lasers. However, despite recent successes in NLOS imaging using these systems, widespread implementation and adoption of the technology remains a challenge because of the requirement for specialized, expensive hardware. We introduce acoustic NLOS imaging, which is orders of magnitude less expensive than most optical systems and captures hidden 3D geometry at longer ranges with shorter acquisition times compared to state-of-the-art optical methods. Inspired by hardware setups used in radar and algorithmic approaches to model and invert wave-based image formation models developed in the seismic imaging community, we demonstrate a new approach to seeing around corners.
Identification of CKD-516: A Potent Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor with Marked Antitumor Activity against Murine and Human Solid Tumors (2010)

Tubulin polymerization inhibitors had emerged as one of promising anticancer therapeutics because of their dual mechanism of action, i.e. apoptosis by cell-cycle arrest and VDA, vascular disrupting agent. VDAs are believed to be more efficient, less toxic, and several of them are currently undergoing clinical trials. To identify novel tubulin inhibitors that possess potent cytotoxicity and strong inhibition of tubulin polymerization as well as potent in vivo antitumor efficacy, we have utilized benzophenone scaffold. Complete SAR analysis of newly synthesized analogues that were prepared by incorporation of small heterocycles (C2, C4, and C5 position) into B-ring along with the evaluation of their in vitro cytotoxicity, tubulin polymerization inhibition, and in vivo antitumor activity allowed us to identify 22 (S516). Compound 22 was found to have potent cytotoxicity against several cancer cells including P-gp overexpressing MDR positive cell line (HCT15). It also induced cell cycle arrest at G(2)/M phase, which is associated with strong inhibition of tubulin polymerization. Its in vivo efficacy was improved by preparing its (l)-valine prodrug, 65 (CKD-516), which together with greatly improved aqueous solubility has shown marked antitumor efficacy against both murine tumors (CT26 and 3LL) and human xenogratfs (HCT116 and HCT15) in mice.
Model of Domain based RBAC and Supporting Technologies (2013)

Nowadays the significance of the access control technology in service oriented network is increasingly highlighted. The RBAC access control model has a variety of advantages such as easy management and high efficiency. With the expansion of the network scale, a network must be divided into autonomous multi-domains for convenient management. However, there is still a lack of studies on the domain based RBAC model as the barrier of applying the RBAC to multi-domain environment, and the corresponding supporting implementation technologies for the domain based RBAC are also in weak. In this paper, we proposed a model of domain based RBAC (D-RBAC) to better adapt to the security requirements of the multi-domain environment. We firstly introduced the domain concept and model and then gave a formal description to the proposed D-RBAC model. Secondly, we designed feasible implementation architecture for the D-RBAC model and based on this architecture we proposed two supporting technologies. The fuzzy role mapping method according to user’s attributes has strong description abilities for role assignment and the convenience of realization. The dynamic collaboration domain construction framework can greatly improve the efficiency of inter-domain access control. The proposed D-RBAC model and the related supporting technologies can obviously facilitate the application of RBAC in multi-domain environment
Channel estimation and co-channel interference rejection for LTE-Advanced MIMO uplink (2012)

Two techniques for channel estimation and co-channel interference rejection are presented for the multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) uplink in the Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-Advanced) system. The first technique consists of estimating the desired users' channels in the frequency domain (FD) before estimating interference covariance matrices for interference rejection. In the second technique, channel and interference covariance matrices are estimated jointly via a time domain (TD) approach. Interference rejection is achieved by using the channel and interference covariance matrix estimates in the MIMO equalizer. Significant interference rejection gains are observed.
Distinct mechanisms of nuclear accumulation regulate the functional consequence of E2F transcription factors (1997)

Transcription factor E2F plays an important role in coordinating and integrating early cell cycle progression with the transcription apparatus. It is known that physiological E2F arises when a member of two families of proteins, E2F and DP, interact as E2F/DP heterodimers and that transcriptional activity is regulated through the physical association of pocket proteins such as pRb. However, little information is available regarding the mechanisms which control the levels of functional E2F. In this study, we have characterised one such mechanism which regulates the nuclear accumulation and activity of E2F. Specifically, we show that E2F proteins fall into two distinct categories according to their ability to accumulate in nuclei, one being exemplified by E2F-1 and the other by E2F-4 and -5. Thus, E2F-1 possesses an intrinsic nuclear localization signal whereas E2F-4 and -5 are devoid of such a signal. Furthermore, we find for E2F-4 and -5 that two distinct processes govern their nuclear accumulation whereby the nuclear localization signal is supplied in trans from either a DP heterodimer partner or a physically associated pocket protein. It is consistent with the role of pocket proteins in regulating nuclear accumulation that we find E2F-5 to be nuclear during early cell cycle progression with an increased cytoplasmic concentration in cycling cells. Our data show that the mechanism of nuclear accumulation determines the functional consequence of E2F on cell cycle progression: pocket protein-mediated accumulation impedes cell cycle progression, whereas DP-regulated nuclear accumulation promotes cell cycle progression. Moreover, the inactivation of pocket proteins by the adenovirus Ela protein, and subsequent release of E2F, failed to displace nuclear E2F. Our study identifies a new level of regulation in the control of E2F activity exerted at the level of nuclear accumulation where subunit composition and interaction with pocket proteins dictates the functional consequence on cell cycle progression.
Rotation of Molecular Hydrogen in Si: Unambiguous Identification of Ortho-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>and Para-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2002)

The 3618.4 and $2642.6{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ infrared absorption lines of interstitial ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ in silicon have been studied under applied uniaxial stresses. The resulting splittings and their small dependence on isotope establish that ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ in Si is a nearly free rotor and that these lines arise from vibrational transitions between rovibrational states with rotational quantum number $J\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1$ ( ${T}_{2}$ in ${T}_{d}$ symmetry) for ortho- ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ and para- ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$.
A step forward in the characterization of the partial discharge phenomenon and the degradation of insulating materials through nonlinear analysis of time series (2012)

The partial discharge (PD) phenomenon is an electrical discharge that affects only part of a dielectric connecting two conductors [1]. This process may occur in the vacuoles of solid insulation, in gas bubbles in insulating liquids, or between dielectric layers. PDs can also occur on spikes or sharp edges of metal surfaces. Generally, the PDs affect the insulator integrity only if it persists for a long time. However, the continuous release of small amounts of energy may cause a slow and progressive deterioration of the dielectric that can lead to its final breakdown [2], [3]. The degradation rate depends more or less on the microscopic structure of the dielectric, the production process, the types of electrical stresses, and other operating conditions [4]. At the beginning of the 20th century, the problem was not even recognized. However, after the middle of the century, along with the introduction of new dielectrics, the development of more compact insulators, and a general increase in the operating voltages, diagnostics of PDs have become a primary issue in electrical engineering [5]. Today, measuring PDs is a common practice even in operational medium- and high-voltage devices. The data gathered are useful to determine the weak points of the components before irreversible damage occurs. Thus, PD detection and recognition have become important tools for the evaluation of insulating degradation in large power devices. The phase ϕ, the apparent charge q, and the occurrence n have generally been accepted as the basic parameters for the pattern recognition of PDs by means of the standardized algorithm termed phase-resolved PD analysis (PRPDA) [6].
V p /V s ; a potential hydrocarbon indicator (1976)

Abstract Theoretically and experimentally, the shear-wave velocity of a porous rock has been shown to be less sensitive to fluid saturants than the compressional wave velocity. Thus, observation of the ratio of the seismic velocities for waves which traverse a changing or laterally varying zone of undersaturation or gas saturation could produce an observable anomaly which is independent of the regional variation in compressional wave velocity.One source of shear-wave data in reflection seismic prospecting is mode conversion of P waves to shear waves in marine areas of high water bottom P-wave velocity. A relatively simple interpretative technique, based on amplitude variation as a function of the angle of incidence, is a possible discriminant between shear and multiple compressional arrivals, and data for a real case are shown. A normal moveout velocity analysis, carefully coupled with this offset discriminant, leads to the construction of a shear-wave reflection section which can then be correlated with the usual compressional wave section.Once such a section has been constructed, the variation in the ratio of the seismic velocities can be mapped, and potentially anomalous subsurface regions observed.
Vibrational spectroscopy: a tool being developed for the noninvasive monitoring of wound healing (2012)

Wound care and management accounted for over 1.8 million hospital discharges in 2009. The complex nature of wound physiology involves hundreds of overlapping processes that we have only begun to understand over the past three decades. The management of wounds remains a significant challenge for inexperienced clinicians. The ensuing inflammatory response ultimately dictates the pace of wound healing and tissue regeneration. Consequently, the eventual timing of wound closure or definitive coverage is often subjective. Some wounds fail to close, or dehisce, despite the use and application of novel wound-specific treatment modalities. An understanding of the molecular environment of acute and chronic wounds throughout the wound-healing process can provide valuable insight into the mechanisms associated with the patient's outcome. Pathologic alterations of wounds are accompanied by fundamental changes in the molecular environment that can be analyzed by vibrational spectroscopy. Vibrational spectroscopy, specifically Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, offers the capability to accurately detect and identify the various molecules that compose the extracellular matrix during wound healing in their native state. The identified changes might provide the objective markers of wound healing, which can then be integrated with clinical characteristics to guide the management of wounds.
NACM, A cytopathogen from <i>naegleria</i> ameba: purification, production of monoclonal antibody, and immunoreactive material in NACM-treated vertebrate cell cultures (1989)

ABSTRACT An amebic component NACM (Naegleria ameba cytopathogenic material) is obtained from free-living amebae and acts as a cytopathogen in cultured avian and mammalian cells. NACM has been purified and partially characterized using a scheme that includes ammonium sulfate precipitation, liquid chromatographic separations and electrophoretic isolations. The purified NACM product is biologically active. Its properties, revealed by its behavior following treatment with enzymes and during purification, are those of a protein; its size is in the molecular weight range of 36 000 and it has an isoelectric point of pH 4·2. Monoclonal antibodies have been produced to NACM that prevent its cytopathic activity, and, in dot-blot procedures, identify purified NACM-containing fractions. When used as immunostains, NACM antibodies disclose the presence of immunospecific material both in the amebae and in vertebrate cells inoculated with NACM. In the amebae, the immunostain is located at the tips of the pseudopodia and in the peripheral cytoplasm; in the vertebrate cells, it is absent in uninoculated cells and is not observed in the inoculated cells for the first 3–4 days after the addition of the NACM to the culture. Subsequently, in a time course associated with the development of cytopathic changes observed in the light microscope, immunostaining material develops in the perinuclear cytoplasm where it condenses into a large mass before the cells undergo lysis. On the basis of these results, it appears that NACM represents an unprecedented system in which a protein material from an organism, in the course of destroying unrelated cells, causes the production of a cytoplasmic product that is immunologically recognizable as the inoculating amebic material.
Design of a Two-Level Boost Converter (2013)

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the d esign of a two-level boost converter and its contro ller. First, the context of the importance of such a converter is st ablished. Then, the operation of an ideal converter is studied to determine some fundamental relationships necessary for design. Also, the non-idealities of the convert er are introduced and a set of equations are developed whi ch are later used to design a converter for a hybri d vehicle application. Finally, various control strategies ar e studied for the designed converter and implemente d in MATLAB/Simulink.
Identification of HACEK Clinical Isolates by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (2011)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry is a rapid and accurate tool for the identification of many microorganisms. We assessed this technology for the identification of 103 Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae (HACEK) clinical isolates and 20 Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates. Ninety-three percent of HACEK organisms were identified correctly to the genus level using the Bruker database, and 100% were identified to the genus level using a custom database that included clinical isolates.
Notes on Dental Materials (2025)

Part 1 Basic scientific principles: biological properties mechanical properties rheological properties thermal properties light, colour and aesthetics polymers metals alloys corrosion and electrodeposition ceramics composite materials - theory enamel and dentine surface properties and adhesion. Part 2 Cements and filling materials: classification, applications and requirements cements based on phosphoric acid organometallic chelate cements polyalkenoate cements techniques and applications of bonding to enamel and dentine amalgam direct filling gold endodontic materials. Part 3 Impression materials: impression materials - requirements and classification, impression trays hydrocolloid impression materials elastomeric materials. Part 4 Inlay, crown, bridge and veneer materials: all-ceramic restorations alloys for inlays, crowns and bridges porcelain-fused-to-metal resin-bonded bridges composite alloys polymeric crown and bridge materials veneer materials. Part 5 Materials for dental protheses: polymeric denture base materials tissue conditioners, functional impression materials, resilient linings for dentures partial denture casting alloys the stainless steel denture base synthetic tooth materials. Part 6 Orthodontic appliances: materials in orthodontics some biomechanical principles. Part 7 Laboratory materials and procedures: cast and die materials waxes and baseplate materials investment materials principles of casting, faults in casting soldering and welding abrasion and polishing. Part 8 Miscellaneous materials: dental instruments prefabricated pins and posts fluoride containing materials mouth protectors radiographic materials dentifrices, mouthwashes, denture cleansers and denture adhesives materials in periodontology and oral surgery. Appendices: the SI units physical and mechanical properties of dental materials formulae of some polymers and related compounds of dental interest.
Seeing Sound Waves in the Early Universe (1998)

Temperature and polarization power spectra of the cosmic microwave background can provide essentially incontrovertible evidence for coherent acoustic oscillations in the early universe. A simple model calculation demonstrates explicitly how polarization couples to velocities at the surface of last scatter and is nearly independent of gravitational or density perturbations. For coherent acoustic oscillations, peaks in the temperature and polarization power spectra are precisely interleaved. If observed, such a signal would provide strong support for initial density perturbations on scales larger than the horizon, and thus for inflation.
Theory of the Pulsed Molecular Nitrogen Laser (1967)

It is shown that laser action at 3371 A terminates in times t < (tau(32)(-1) + Y(3))(-1), where tau(32) is the lifetime of the transition of C(3)pi(u) --> B(3)pi(g) and Y(3) is the electron depopulation rate of the upper laser level. Following Gerry but including electron impact mixing of laser levels, rate equations, coupled to the circuit equation, were solved under saturation approximations. Assuming a Seaton excitation cross section between laser levels, with an effective Gaunt factor of 0.25, power and pulse width were in good agreement with Shipman's values. The rate equations were also solved without recourse to the saturation approximation yielding excellent agreement with the saturation method during most of the pulse and indicating the existence of an early oscillation which is not predicted by the saturation approximation method. Finally, the inclusion of the electron impact ionization of he nitrogen molecule from the excited state C(3)pi(u) brings the pulse width to still better agreement with Shipman's values.
Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of a Chromosome-Encoded Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Ambler Class D β-Lactamase from<i>Shewanella algae</i> (2004)

A chromosome-encoded beta-lactamase gene from Shewanella algae clinical isolate KB-1 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. It encoded the Ambler class D enzyme OXA-55, sharing less than 55% identity with any other oxacillinases. Although conferring a narrow-spectrum beta-lactam resistance phenotype, OXA-55 had carbapenem-hydrolyzing activity that mirrored the reduced susceptibility to imipenem observed in S. algae KB-1. Very similar oxacillinases were found in other S. algae isolates.
Synthesis of Fine‐Grained Polycrystalline Diamond Compact and Its Microstructure (1991)

Sintering of a fine‐grained polycrystalline diamond compact with grains less than 1 μm in size was successfully carried out by making a laminate on a WC/Co powder compact under sintering conditions of 5.8 GPa and 1430° to 1480°C for 30 min, in which small amounts of poly(ethylene glycol) and fine powder of cubic boron nitride were added to the starting diamond powder. The former played the role of preventing agglomeration of the diamond powder and the latter of suppressing abnormal grain growth during sintering. Microstructural observation of the polycrystalline diamond showed that in the regions near the WC/Co layer a comparatively large amount of Co metal was present between diamond grains, but in other regions the amount of Co decreased, and the diamond grains were seen to be bonded strongly. The Vickers hardness of the polycrystalline diamond was 55 ± 5 GPa with 19.6 N load.
Synthesis of 3‐amino‐5<i>H</i>‐pyrimido[5,4‐<i>b</i>]indol‐4‐one derivatives (1987)

Abstract Starting with ethyl 3‐aminoindole‐2‐carboxylate, the synthesis of 3‐amino‐5 H ‐pyrimido[5,4‐ b ]indole‐2,4‐dione 5 , 3‐amino‐5 H ‐pyrimido[5,4‐ b ]indol‐4‐one 10 and some related compounds is described. Preliminary results about the inhibition of platelet aggregation by these compounds is reported.