gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An adaptive contour closure algorithm and its experimental evaluation (2000)

The potential of edge-based complete image segmentation into regions has not gained the due attention in the literature thus far. The present paper attempts to explore this potential by proposing an adaptive grouping algorithm to solve the contour closure problem that is the key to a successful edge-based complete image segmentation. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is extensively tested in the range image domain and compared to several region-based segmentation methods within a rigorous comparison framework. On three range image databases of varying quality acquired by different range scanners, it is shown that the proposed approach is able to achieve very appealing performance with respect to both segmentation quality and computation time.
Development of an Indium mN-FEEP Thruster (2008)

Future scientific satellites require precision pointing capabilities with thrust levels from sub-µN to the mN-range and very low thrust noise. Since 2004, a dedicated mN FEEP thruster based on the space-proven ARC Indium Liquid-Metal-Ion-Sources is under development. This paper gives an overview of the development program and its achievements. A mN FEEP thruster with a specific impulse close to 8000 s could be demonstrated with excellent efficiencies and a size comparable to present µN FEEP thrusters. Nomenclature e = electron charge f = beam divergence loss factor g = Earth’s gravitational acceleration ISp = specific impulse η = mass efficiency Droplet m & = ion mass flow
Anti‐CD2 (sheep red blood cell receptor) monoclonal antibodies and T cell activation I. Pairs of anti‐T11.1 and T11.2 (CD2 subgroups) are strongly mitogenic for T cells in presence of 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (1986)

A large collection of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against sheep red blood cell (SRBC) receptor (cluster of differentiation 2: CD2) were classified according to three criteria: their inhibitory effect on T cell-SRBC rosette formation; the epitopic cluster recognized on the CD2 molecule; their reactivity with resting or activated T cells. All mAb were then tested in a two by two checkerboard fashion for possible T cell mitogenicity, in presence or absence of a submitogenic dose of 12-O-tetra-decanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), an agent known to be comitogenic for T cells, presumably in delivering a second signal, usually accessory cell dependent. The combined data demonstrate that in the absence of TPA only few pairs of mAb directed at distinct epitopes of the CD2 molecule were mitogenic for T cells (in approximately 30% of the population tested), and in the presence of a submitogenic dose of TPA the majority of T11.1 anti-CD2-mAb (9 out of 11) were strongly mitogenic for T cells of all individuals tested when paired with T11.2 anti-CD2 mAb. The two anti-T11.1 mAb, noncomplementary to anti-T11.2 mAb, were, however, strongly mitogenic when added to mAb of the T11.3 subgroup, represented by 1-Mono-2A6. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that the main characteristic of T cell mitogenesis triggered by anti-CD2 mAb is the requirement for a signal delivered simultaneously to two different epitopes of the CD2 molecule, whether these epitopes are T11.1, T11.2 or T11.3.
Atm Is Dispensable for p53 Apoptosis and Tumor Suppression Triggered by Cell Cycle Dysfunction (1999)

Both p53 and ATM are checkpoint regulators with roles in genetic stabilization and cancer susceptibility. ATM appears to function in the same DNA damage checkpoint pathway as p53. However, ATM's role in p53-dependent apoptosis and tumor suppression in response to cell cycle dysregulation is unknown. In this study, we tested the role of murine ataxia telangiectasia protein (Atm) in a transgenic mouse brain tumor model in which p53-mediated apoptosis results in tumor suppression. These p53-mediated activities are induced by tissue-specific inactivation of pRb family proteins by a truncated simian virus 40 large T antigen in brain epithelium. We show that p53-dependent apoptosis, transactivation, and tumor suppression are unaffected by Atm deficiency, suggesting that signaling in the DNA damage pathway is distinct from that in the oncogene-induced pathway. In addition, we show that Atm deficiency has no overall effect on tumor growth and progression in this model.
Compression with vision technologies (2006)

In this paper, we propose a method for image compression in which currently developed vision tech-nologies are incorporated with traditional trans-form-based coding methods. Based on newly developed vision technologies, we present two coding-oriented in-painting methods: structure-aware inpainting and ob-ject-based inpainting. Examples show the effectiveness of these inpainting methods on information recovery employing certain kinds of assistant information. More-over, a primary image compression system has been built to test the proposed compression approach in which some regions are intentionally removed at the encoder only to be restored naturally at the decoder. Up to a 50% bit savings can be achieved at similar visual quality lev-els when compared with JPEG.
Pheromone-inducible conjugation in Enterococcus faecalis: interbacterial and host-parasite chemical communication (1995)

Free access1 February 1995 Share on Pheromone-inducible conjugation in Enterococcus faecalis: interbacterial and host-parasite chemical communicationAuthors: G M Dunny, B A Leonard, P J HedbergAuthors Info & AffiliationsDOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.177.4.871-876.1995 PDF/EPUB
Cacti: a front end for program visualization (2002)

We describe a system that allows the user to rapidly construct program visualizations over a variety of data sources. Such a system is a necessary foundation for using visualization as an aid to software understanding. The system supports an arbitrary set of data sources so that information from both static and dynamic analysis can be combined to offer meaningful software visualizations. It provides the user with a visual universal-relation front end that supports the definition of queries over multiple data sources without knowledge of the structure or contents of the sources. It uses a flexible back end with a range of different visualizations, most geared to the efficient display of large amounts of data. The result is a high-quality, easy-to-define program visualization that can address specific problems and hence is useful for software understanding. The overall system is flexible and extensible in that both the underlying data model and the set of visualizations are defined in resource files.
Shortest-cycle photonic network restoration (2001)

As the deployment of photonics becomes accepted within today's ubiquitous optical networks efficient photonic path protection and restoration mechanisms will be essential. This paper highlights a demonstrated approach to photonic path configuration and control which utilises the notion of the shortest-cycle algorithm for protected network connections.
Cost-utility analyses of intensive blood glucose and tight blood pressure control in type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 72) (2005)

Each of the three policies evaluated has a lower cost per quality-adjusted life year gained than that of many other accepted uses of healthcare resources. The results provide an economic rationale for ensuring that care of patients with type 2 diabetes corresponds at least to the levels of these interventions.
Impact of link failures on VoIP performance (2002)

We use active and passive traffic measurements to identify the issues involved in the deployment of a voice service over a tier-1 IP backbone network. Our findings indicate that no specific handling of voice packets (i.e. QoS differentiation) is needed in the current backbone but new protocols and mechanisms need to be introduced to provide a better protection against link failures. We discover that link failures may be followed by long periods of routing instability, during which packets can be dropped because forwarded along invalid paths. We also identify the need for a new family of quality of service mechanisms based on fast protection of traffic and high availability of the service rather than performance in terms of delay and loss.
Studies on Utilization of Soybean Protein for Food Manufacturing (1970)

Cultured milk products from skimmilk-soy milk combinations were fundamentally studied by inoculating pasteurized samples with lactic starter cultures and measuring the acidity and the degree of curd hardness after 8hr. incubation at 30° or 37°C.Ten per cent dispersions were heated under the 3 conditions at 63°C for 30min, 75°C for 15min, and 80°C for 5min; and then cooled. The result indicated that the viscosity raised at the range 63°-80°C, raised markedly at 80°C. Sucrose added to samples accelerated the development of viscosity, but restrained at 80°C.With six cultures of lactic acid bacteria, after 8hr of incubation, the acid production tended to be higher in certain skimmilk-soy milk combinations than in skimmilk, exept for one culture. However, the acid production in soy milk was lower than in samples containing 70% (v/v%) soy milk. In soy milk, the acid production of Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus thermophilus and Strepococcus laclis increased a little. In samples supplemented with glucose, the genus Lactobacillus and Streptococcus starter cultures differed in their response to the individual skimmilk-soy milk combinations. In all cases, and in all but Lactobacillus acidophilus, sucrose did not promote the acid production of lactic starter cultures.At soy milk concentration 20-30% (v/v%), curd after storing 24hr at 4°C was soft;on the other hand, at concentration 65-75% (v/v%), the curd structure formed was considered too hard. Addition of sucrose to 10% dispersions generally lowered the curd tensions, but glucose raised the curd tension when Lactobacillus was used.
Drought early warning system in reservoir operation: Theory and practice (2005)

This paper revises the drought early warning system (DEWS) for reservoir operation, originally developed by Huang and Yuan (2004). The changes are made in response to requirements raised by the Water Resources Agency in Taiwan. We extend the DEWS to include a number of new factors: in particular, to take into account meteorological drought and the determination of alert levels in policy making based on information entropy. The goals of this paper are critical: (1) revising the DEWS based on experience, (2) examining a specific case study of how the system works, (3) involving users in decision making, and (4) comparing theory with practice. The Shihmen reservoir in northern Taiwan was picked by the agency as a real‐case study. In hindsight, the revised drought early warning system performed well over a simulation of five consecutive years (1999–2003). These results verify the applicability of this renewed DEWS in reservoir operation for lowering potential drought threats.
Analytical studies of ‘mixed sequence’ oligodeoxyribonucleotides synthesized by competitive coupling of either methyl- or β-cyanoethyl-<i>N,N</i>-diisopropylamino phosphoramidite reagents, including 2′-deoxyinosine (1985)

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and 1 H/ 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to measure the molar ratio of oligodeoxyribonucleotide products in mixtures obtained with automated DNA synthesizers that employed competitive coupling of either standard methyl- or newer β -cyanoethyl- N , N -diisopropylamino phosphoramidite reagents, which include deoxylnosine. Mixtures of these reagents when used as freshly prepared solutions afforded ratios of products that indicated negligibly small differences among the rates of the various competitive coupling reactions. However, studies of reagent stability in solution revealed that both types of the N -isobutyryl deoxyguanosine reagent decompose faster than their corresponding dA, dC, and dT phosphoramidites, which led to significantly lower proportions of dG-containing sequences. This problem was attenuated for the β -cyanoethyl reagents due to their slower rate of decomposition.
Efficient call graph analysis (1992)

We present an efficient algorithm for computing the procedure call graph, the program representation underlying most interprocedural optimization techniques. The algorithm computes the possible bindings of procedure variables in languages where such variables only receive their values through parameter passing, such as Fortran. We extend the algorithm to accommodate a limited form of assignments to procedure variables. The resulting algorithm can also be used in analysis of functional programs that have been converted to Continuation-Passing-Style. We discuss the algorithm in relationship to other call graph analysis approaches. Many less efficient techniques produce essentially the same call graph. A few algorithms are more precise, but they may be prohibitively expensive depending on language features.
An approach to lightweight deployment of web services (2002)

Web Services is gradually becoming the most popular distributed computing paradigm for the Internet. Although several vendor and research efforts are in progress, fully-fledged deployment of Web Services in a wide scale has not been accomplished yet. The present contribution describes a framework for lightweight deployment of Web Services. This framework can be seen as a contribution to a smooth transition step towards a complete large-scale deployment. The paper starts with a description of data access techniques supporting multiple data providers, devised and used in the scope of a European research project. It is illustrated how schemes employed to provide remote transparent access to the data providers evolved to a lightweight Web Services framework.
A highly selective cyanide sensing in water via fluorescence change and its application to in vivo imaging (2009)

Among the various anions, only cyanide induced the revival of fluoresecence of -Cu(2+) resulting in "Off-On" type sensing of cyanide, which can be monitored at pH 7.4 in 100% aqueous system, and has been applied to a microfluidic platform, in which fluorescent sensor -Cu(2+) displayed green fluorescence upon the addition of cyanide, the in vivo imaging of cyanide using Caenorhabditis elegans.
Redox signaling: hydrogen peroxide as intracellular messenger (1999)

Although superoxide anions (O2.-) and H2O2 are generally considered to be toxic by-products of respiration, recent evidence suggests that the production of these reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be an integral component of membrane receptor signaling. In mammalian cells, a variety of extracellular stimuli have recently been shown to induce a transient increase in the intracellular concentration of ROS, and specific inhibition of the ROS generation resulted in a complete blockage of stimulant-dependent signaling. In the next few years, therefore, a flurry of research activity is expected in relation to the elucidation of ROS production in response to receptor stimulation, identification of ROS target molecules, and investigation of ROS elimination. The goal of this report is to review our current knowledge of ROS-regulated signal transduction and propose future directions.
Influence of Comedication on Serum Concentrations of Aripiprazole and Dehydroaripiprazole (2009)

Aripiprazole, a relatively new antipsychotic drug, is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and CYP2D6 to an active metabolite, dehydroaripiprazole. As studies on pharmacokinetic drug interactions with aripiprazole are so far limited, the aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of comedication on serum concentrations of aripiprazole and dehydroaripiprazole in psychiatric patients in a clinical setting. A therapeutic drug monitoring database was screened for patients receiving aripiprazole tablets as part of their treatment. Of the 361 samples included, 78% were from patients receiving comedication. The remaining 79 samples constituted the control group. Steady-state dose-adjusted serum concentrations (concentration to dose ratios, C:D ratios) of aripiprazole, dehydroaripiprazole and the sum of aripiprazole and dehydroaripiprazole, and the metabolic ratio (dehydroaripiprazole/aripiprazole) in the different comedication groups were compared with controls. Coadministration of a CYP3A4 inducer resulted in approximately 60% lower mean C:D ratios of aripiprazole, dehydroaripiprazole, and the sum of aripiprazole and dehydroaripiprazole (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.01, respectively). Combination with a CYP2D6 inhibitor resulted in a 45% higher mean C:D ratio of aripiprazole (P < 0.05), with no effect on the C:D ratio of dehydroaripiprazole. When aripiprazole was coadministered with alimemazine or lithium, a 56% (P < 0.01) and 43% (P = 0.05) higher mean C:D ratio of aripiprazole, respectively, was observed. Olanzapine, risperidone injections, escitalopram, or lamotrigine also had statistically significant effects on aripiprazole disposition but to a lesser extent. In conclusion, concurrent treatment with CYP3A4 inducers, CYP2D6 inhibitors, alimemazine, or lithium resulted in changes in the systemic exposure of aripiprazole between 40% and 60%. This is of such a magnitude that dose adjustments of aripiprazole may be required.
SDZ-RAD PREVENTS MANIFESTATION OF CHRONIC REJECTION IN RAT RENAL ALLOGRAFTS (2000)

Our results demonstrated that SDZ-RAD effectively ameliorates chronic renal allograft rejection in rats, probably mediated by suppression of growth factors.
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 production by human keratinocytes. Kinetics and regulation. (1986)

Human foreskin keratinocytes in vitro metabolize 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to a number of metabolites, including 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3). This metabolite remains mostly within the cell and does not accumulate in the medium under the conditions of these experiments. With time, 1,25(OH)2D3 is catabolized, and more polar metabolites appear in both the cells and the medium. The production of 1,25(OH)2D3 has an apparent Michaelis constant (Km) for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 of 5.4 X 10(-8) M. The levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 within the cell are increased both by increased production and decreased catabolism when parathyroid hormone(1-34) and isobutylmethylxanthine are added. Exogenously added 1,25(OH)2D3 at concentrations as low as 10(-12) M reduces endogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 production, increases 1,25(OH)2D3 catabolism, and increases 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production by an actinomycin D-sensitive process. These data indicate that the regulation of 1,25(OH)2D3 production by keratinocytes is similar to, but not identical to the regulation of 1,25(OH)2D3 by the kidney.
Exposure to, and Inactivation of, the Unconventional Agents that Cause Transmissible Degenerative Encephalopathies (2003)

Some fatal degenerative encephalopathies of mammals form a distinct group because they are caused by unconventional but uncharacterized transmissible agents that evoke no classical iminune response in the affected host. The animal diseases are bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), chronic wasting disease of elk and mule-deer, feline spongiform encephalopathy (FSE) of the domestic cat, scrapie in sheep and goats, and transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME). A number of exotic ruminant and felid species maintained in, or originating from, zoological collections in the United Kingdom have also developed fatal encephalopathies that, like FSE, are considered to have been caused by BSE agent; the affected species are cheetah, eland, gemsbok, kudu, nyala, ocelot, oryx, and puma. The human diseases are Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), fatal familial insomnia (FFI), Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), and kuru.
Interactive 3D multi-angle live streaming system (2011)

Low delay interactive 3D multi-angle live streaming system is proposed to provide users with high sensation of both depth impression and realistic feeling, by viewing 3D video and low delay interaction of camera angle change. The proposed system consists of real-time multi-view encoding part and low delay server client streaming part. The server has the live stream buffer management for extraction and delivery in synchronization of the users' requested multi-view streams, and the client has prefetching mechanism to decrease the latency of camera switching. The user can change his/her viewpoint fast, continuing to see HD quality 3D video. The video stream is formatted as a H.264 Annex H (MVC) standard and the proposed system utilizes view scalability feature of MVC.
Effects of Poisonous Plants on Livestock (1978)

Effects of poisonous plants on livestock , Effects of poisonous plants on livestock , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Microinjected c- <i>myc</i> as a Competence Factor (1985)

While a number of oncogenes are expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner, their role in the control of cell proliferation can only be established by a direct functional assay. The c-myc protein, upon microinjection into nuclei of quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells, cooperated with platelet-poor plasma in the stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis. This suggests that c-myc protein, like platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), may act as a competence factor in the cell cycle to promote the progression of cells to S phase. The presence in the medium of an antibody against PDGF abolished DNA synthesis induced by microinjected PDGF; however, the microinjected c-myc protein stimulated DNA synthesis even when its own antibody was present in the medium. The c-myc protein may act as an intracellular competence factor, while PDGF expresses its biological activity only from outside the cells.
Netrin-1 induces angiogenesis via a DCC-dependent ERK1/2-eNOS feed-forward mechanism (2006)

Netrin-1 is critical for axonal pathfinding which shares similarities with formation of vascular network. Here we report that netrin-1 induction of angiogenesis is mediated by an increase in endothelial nitric oxide (NO*) production, which occurs via a DCC-dependent, ERK1/2-eNOS feed-forward mechanism. Exposure of mature aortic endothelial cells to netrin-1 resulted in a potent, dose-dependent increase in NO* production, detected by electron spin resonance. Scavenging NO* with 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO) abolished netrin-1 stimulated angiogenesis. Netrin-1-stimulated NO* production or angiogenesis was inhibited by DCC antibody, DCC small interfering RNA (siRNA), specific inhibitors (PD98059, U0126), or siRNAs for MEK1/2. PTIO attenuated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, indicating a feed-forward mechanism. Netrin-1 induced a time-dependent phosphorylation of eNOS(s1179, s116) and a rapid dephosphorylation of eNOS(t497). Only eNOS(s1179) was sensitive to U0126 or PTIO. These data characterized a mechanism whereby netrin-1 promotes angiogenesis, which may broadly relate to cardiovascular, neuronal and cancer physiology.
Chemical constituents of surface layer of Poria cocos and their pharmacological properties (Ⅰ) (2013)

The surface layer of the sclerotia of Poria cocos, named Fu-Ling-Pi, is used as a diuretic in traditional Chinese medicine to treat edema and urinary dysfunction. Recent studies have showed that the triterpenes (lanostane and 3,4-secolanostane skeletons) and polysaccharides (beta-pachyman) are the main components of Fu-Ling-Pi and they exhibited various biological activities, such as anti-tumor, antibacterial and antioxidant, etc. This review was focused on the chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical uses of this drug and it may provide scientific foundation for further development and utilization of Fulingpi.