gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Wireless Power Transfer System to Balance the State of Charge of Electric Vehicles (2016)

As an alternate form in the road transportationsystem, electric vehicle (EV) can help reduce the fossil-fuelconsumption. However, the usage of EVs is constrained by thelimited capacity of battery. Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) can increase the driving range of EVs by charging EVs inmotionwhen they drive through a wireless charging laneembedded in a road. The amount of power that can be suppliedby a charging lane at a time is limited. A problem here iswhen a large number of EVs pass a charging lane, how toefficiently distribute the power among different penetrationslevels of EVs? However, there has been no previous researchdevoted to tackling this challenge. To handle this challenge, wepropose a system to balance the State of Charge (called BSoC) among the EVs. It consists of three components: i) fog-basedpower distribution architecture, ii) power scheduling model, and iii) efficient vehicle-to-fog communication protocol. The fogcomputing center collects information from EVs and schedulesthe power distribution. We use fog closer to vehicles ratherthan cloud in order to reduce the communication latency. Thepower scheduling model schedules the power allocated to eachEV. In order to avoid network congestion between EVs and thefog, we let vehicles choose their own communication channelto communicate with local controllers. Finally, we evaluateour system using extensive simulation studies in NetworkSimulator-3, MatLab, and Simulation for Urban MObilitytools, and the experimental results confirm the efficiency ofour system.
Applications and Challenges of Multi-band Gigabit Mesh Networks (2008)

60 GHz has attracted a lot of commercial interest due to its abundance of unlicensed bandwidth and the recent advances in building inexpensive transceivers. Multiple research and standardization efforts have touted the potential of 60 GHz for a wide range of applications across WPANs and WLANs. However, the link characteristics at 60 GHz make it very challenging to provide the range and robustness similar to what most users have experienced with Wi-Fi at 2.4 and 5 GHz. In this paper, we propose the system design concept of multi-band gigabit mesh networks and articulate why it would help meet some of these challenges. We first examine the applications and usage scenarios with a critical focus on range, channel condition and the impact on user experience. We present a comparative study of range versus data rate tradeoff at 5 and 60 GHz to show that a multi-hop 60 GHz link can potentially provide the range that is comparable to 5 GHz and still outperform a single-hop 5 GHz link in terms of end-to-end throughput. Simulation results are provided to show the potential of the multi-band mesh design for effective spatial reuse. We discuss the key design issues for the multi-band gigabit mesh and point out some of the open research questions for future work.
Latest developments in MCT for next generation of infrared staring arrays (2009)

This paper presents an overview of the very recent developments of the MCT infrared detector technology developed by CEA-LETI and Sofradir in France for next generation of applications. New applications require high sensitivity and dual band detectors. The Avalanche PhotoDiodes (APD) technology opens new interesting fields of investigation for low flux applications and fast detectors for laser imaging. IR sensors for this type of application are synchronized with eye-safe lasers, and have to detect a weak signal backscattered from the target on the order of 10 photons per pulse. They also have to be able to operate with a very short integration time, typically one hundred nanoseconds, in order to gate the backscattered signal around the target. In partnership with Sofradir, CEA/LETI (France) has developed high quality MCT avalanche photodiodes satisfying these requirements. In parallel, specific studies have been carried out at the Read-Out Circuit level to develop optimized architectures. Thanks to these advances, a new Integrated Dewar Detector Cooler Assembly has been developed. This new product presented in this paper is the first step in a road-map to address low flux infrared sensors in the next few years. In parallel, the development of dual-band infrared detectors has been the core of intense research and technological improvements for the last ten years. New TV (640 x 512 pixels) format detectors of 24μm pixel pitch is available. It is proposed with MWIR/MWIR or MWIR/LWIR dual band sensitivity integrated in dedicated tactical Dewars. At present, focused on pixel pitch reduction, Sofradir is carrying out optimization of the materials quality, photodiode design as well as flip-chip bonding process. 20 μm pixels have demonstrated dual color key performances (quantum efficiency, optical fill factor, and pixel operability) in accordance with mono-spectral structures. Results are presented in this paper.
Self-adaptive WWW cache coherence protocol (SATTL) (2002)

Proxy caches are widely used in wide-area network environment (Internet) to improve the performance of client-server architectures. However, the use of caches also introduces a coherence problem. To maintain coherence, World Wide Web (WWW) caches use coherence protocols, which can either be proxy or server oriented. We present a new adaptive WWW cache coherence protocol that combines both the proxy-oriented and the server-oriented protocols. The adaptive protocol keeps track of object's changes in order to improve coherence and to reduce network traffic. Basic mechanisms of the adaptive protocol are described, as well as the results of performance comparison with other known proxy-oriented and server oriented solutions.
Induction of cartilage integration by a chondrocyte/collagen-scaffold implant (2009)

The integration of implanted cartilage is a major challenge for the success of tissue engineering protocols. We hypothesize that in order for effective cartilage integration to take place, matrix-free chondrocytes must be induced to migrate between the two tissue surfaces. A chondrocyte/collagen-scaffold implant system was developed as a method of delivering dividing cells at the interface between two cartilage surfaces. Chondrocytes were isolated from bovine nasal septum and seeded onto both surfaces of a collagen membrane to create the chondrocyte/collagen-scaffold implant. A model of two cartilage discs and the chondrocyte/collagen-scaffold sandwiched in between was used to effect integration in vitro. The resulting tissue was analysed histologically and biomechanically. The cartilage-implant-cartilage sandwich appeared macroscopically as one continuous piece of tissue at the end of 40 day cultures. Histological analysis showed tissue continuum across the cartilage-scaffold interface. The integration was dependent on both cells and scaffold. Fluorescent labeling of implanted chondrocytes demonstrated that these cells invade the surrounding mature tissue and drive a remodelling of the extracellular matrix. Using cell-free scaffolds we also demonstrated that some chondrocytes migrated from the natural cartilage into the collagen scaffold. Quantification of integration levels using a histomorphometric repair index showed that the chondrocyte/collagen-scaffold implant achieved the highest repair index compared to controls, reflected functionally through increased tensile strength. In conclusion, cartilage integration can be achieved using a chondrocyte/collagen-scaffold implant that permits controlled delivery of chondrocytes to both host and graft mature cartilage tissues. This approach has the potential to be used therapeutically for implantation of engineered tissue.
The IL-6- and lipopolysaccharide-induced transcription of hepcidin in <i>HFE-</i> , transferrin receptor 2-, and β <sub>2</sub> -microglobulin-deficient hepatocytes (2004)

The antimicrobial peptide hepcidin appears to play a central role in the regulation of iron homeostasis. In intact animals, iron overload or the injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates transcription of HAMP, the gene that encodes hepcidin. In isolated hepatocytes, IL-6, an inflammatory cytokine the production of which is stimulated by LPS, up-regulates transcription of hepcidin. In contrast, iron has no stimulatory effect on hepcidin expression in isolated hepatocytes. There is apparently a signaling pathway, activated by iron, that is present in the intact animal but not in isolated hepatocytes. Studies in humans and mice have shown that this iron-dependent pathway requires the presence of Hfe, hemojuvelin, and probably transferrin receptor 2 (tfr-2). To determine whether activation of hepcidin transcription by IL-6 also requires Hfe and tfr-2, we have studied mice homozygous for targeted disruption of HFE, beta(2)-microglobulin, and for a truncating mutation of TFR-2. We show that these mutant mice react normally to injection of endotoxin and that their isolated hepatocytes react normally to IL-6. This indicates that the signaling pathway activated by IL-6 does not require either Hfe or tfr-2. Mice with disruption of the gene encoding IL-6 seem to have a blunted response to LPS, but the statistical significance of the small response documented is borderline. It is therefore not clear whether LPS stimulates secretion of cytokines other than IL-6 that may stimulate hepcidin transcription.
Recent advances in malaria drug discovery (2013)

This digest covers some of the most relevant progress in malaria drug discovery published between 2010 and 2012. There is an urgent need to develop new antimalarial drugs. Such drugs can target the blood stage of the disease to alleviate the symptoms, the liver stage to prevent relapses, and the transmission stage to protect other humans. The pipeline for the blood stage is becoming robust, but this should not be a source of complacency, as the current therapies set a high standard. Drug discovery efforts directed towards the liver and transmission stages are in their infancy but are receiving increasing attention as targeting these stages could be instrumental in eradicating malaria.
Image analysis for automatic segmentation of cytoplasms and classification of Rac1 activation (2003)

Intracellular activities, such as ruffle formation, can be quantified by fully automatic image analysis, with an accuracy comparable to that achieved by visual inspection. This analysis can be done at a speed of hundreds of cells per second and without the subjectivity introduced by manual judgments.
Factors Affecting the Productivity of Logging Crews Using Chain Saws and Wheeled Skidders in Tree-Length Aspen (1973)

Describes the productivity of selected aspen pulpwood loggers in northern Minnesota. The most important factors affecting productivity were the ratio of harvested trees per acre to total trees per acre, harvested volume per acre, and the spacing of nonharvested trees
Watching Video over the Web: Part 2: Applications, Standardization, and Open Issues (2011)

In this second part of a two-part article, the authors look into applications for streaming, including end-to-end mobile and in-home streaming. They contrast adaptive approaches to other video-delivery paradigms, discuss current standardization efforts, and highlight areas that require further research and investigation.
A New Series of Magnetic Rare Earth Cuprates: RCu2O4 (R = La, Nd, Sm, and Eu) (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Series of Magnetic Rare Earth Cuprates: RCu2O4 (R = La, Nd, Sm, and Eu)Steven W. Keller, Virginia A. Carlson, David Sandford, Frauke Stenzel, Angelica M. Stacy, George H. Kwei, and Miguel Alario-FrancoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 18, 8070–8076Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00097a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00097a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views357Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Concept for Frequency-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Distributed Transceivers (2016)

This letter presents a new concept for frequency-reconfigurable antennas. The concept involves a multiport antenna, whose elements are mutually coupled. By properly weighting the excitation signals in each port, the total reflected power can be minimized, and radiation efficiency maximized. Different frequency components of the transmitter can be weighted differently to obtain broad instantaneous band. The concept is studied by simulations.
Stable carbocations. 220. Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopic study of potential tris- and bishomocyclopropenyl cations (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable carbocations. 220. Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopic study of potential tris- and bishomocyclopropenyl cationsGeorge A. Olah, G. K. Surya Prakash, Tarik N. Rawdah, David Whittaker, and John C. ReesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 14, 3935–3939Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00508a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00508a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
El proceso de privatización y las reformas económicas en Marruecos: un recorrido histórico desde la independencia a la Política Europea de Vecindad (2006)

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las reformas estructurales acometidas por Marruecos en los ultimos 25 anos, destacando el programa de privatizaciones. En este sentido, se examinan las distintas etapas en que se ha desarrollado este proceso, destacando un ultimo periodo de avances institucionales impulsados en el marco de un gobierno de alternancia y tras la subida al trono de Mohammed VI y promovidos especialmente por el Plan de Accion de 2005 definido por la Politica Europea de Vecindad. Argumentan como principal razon de la ralentizacion del crecimiento economico y de la deficiente mejora de los estandares de vida en el pais, el desarrollo de una politica economica, que se traduce en la rigidez del mercado de trabajo, la excesiva presion fiscal, un regimen de tipos de cambio fijo que compromete la competitividad exterior y una politica comercial todavia muy proteccionista.

Angel Garcia Ortiz es profesor del depto. De Economia y Estadistica de Florida Universitaria, Valencia
Josep Ma Jordan es Catedratico de Economia Aplicada, Universidad de Valencia
Standardisation and validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques for the detection of antibody in infectious disease diagnosis (1993)

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques for the detection of antibodies are now widely used throughout the world for the diagnosis of infectious diseases in veterinary medicine. Although many laboratories have independently developed ELISA techniques for their own purposes, little progress has been made with respect to the international standardisation and validation of these techniques. This lack of international conformity is of major concern to organisations such as the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) which are involved in the establishment of international guidelines and programmes for the control, surveillance and/or eradication of infectious diseases. In this regard, a Joint FAO/IAEA Meeting of Consultants was convened in Vienna in January 1992 to review aspects of ELISA data expression, primary reference standards, quality assurance and diagnostic validation. Based on the consensus derived from this meeting, the authors describe procedures which are recommended as a platform on which to build definitive guidelines for international standardisation of ELISA protocols and reagents, in cooperation with the OIE and the OIE Reference Laboratories.
Evolutionarily Conserved Pathways of Energetic Connectivity in Protein Families (1999)

For mapping energetic interactions in proteins, a technique was developed that uses evolutionary data for a protein family to measure statistical interactions between amino acid positions. For the PDZ domain family, this analysis predicted a set of energetically coupled positions for a binding site residue that includes unexpected long-range interactions. Mutational studies confirm these predictions, demonstrating that the statistical energy function is a good indicator of thermodynamic coupling in proteins. Sets of interacting residues form connected pathways through the protein fold that may be the basis for efficient energy conduction within proteins.
Global Convergence to the Equilibrium of GANs using Variational\n Inequalities (2018)

In optimization, the negative gradient of a function denotes the direction of\nsteepest descent. Furthermore, traveling in any direction orthogonal to the\ngradient maintains the value of the function. In this work, we show that these\northogonal directions that are ignored by gradient descent can be critical in\nequilibrium problems. Equilibrium problems have drawn heightened attention in\nmachine learning due to the emergence of the Generative Adversarial Network\n(GAN). We use the framework of Variational Inequalities to analyze popular\ntraining algorithms for a fundamental GAN variant: the Wasserstein\nLinear-Quadratic GAN. We show that the steepest descent direction causes\ndivergence from the equilibrium, and convergence to the equilibrium is achieved\nthrough following a particular orthogonal direction. We call this successful\ntechnique Crossing-the-Curl, named for its mathematical derivation as well as\nits intuition: identify the game's axis of rotation and move "across" space in\nthe direction towards smaller "curling".\n
Suppression of Myeloid Cell Arginase Activity leads to Therapeutic Response in a NSCLC Mouse Model by Activating Anti-Tumor Immunity (2019)

We show that arginase expression is elevated in mouse and patient lung tumors. In a KRAS<sup>G12D</sup> GEMM arginase inhibition diminished growth of established tumors. Our data suggest arginase as an immunomodulatory target that should further be investigated in lung tumors with high arginase activity.
Suppression of phosphorus diffusion by carbon co-implantation (2006)

The impact of Si interstitial (Sii) flux suppression on the formation of P junctions by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) is demonstrated. Here we investigate the role of amorphization coupled with C co-implantation on P diffusion and its activation. From experiments on C co-implants in a-Si versus c-Si, we conclude that only a small fraction of C interacts with Si interstitials (Sii). We have demonstrated that optimization of implants followed by spike RTA yields extensions suitable for gate lengths of 30nm, with vertical depth Xj=20nm (taken at 5×1018at.∕cm3), abruptness of 3nm/decade, and Rs=326Ω/◻.
Interaction between Amyloid Beta Peptide and an Aggregation Blocker Peptide Mimicking Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (2011)

Assembly of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) into cytotoxic oligomeric and fibrillar aggregates is believed to be a major pathologic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and interfering with Aβ aggregation is an important strategy in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Prior studies have shown that the double N-methylated analogue of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) IAPP-GI, which is a conformationally constrained IAPP analogue mimicking a non-amyloidogenic IAPP conformation, is capable of blocking cytotoxic self-assembly of Aβ. Here we investigate the interaction of IAPP-GI with Aβ40 and Aβ42 using NMR spectroscopy. The most pronounced NMR chemical shift changes were observed for residues 13-20, while residues 7-9, 15-16 as well as the C-terminal half of Aβ--that is both regions of the Aβ sequence that are converted into β-strands in amyloid fibrils--were less accessible to solvent in the presence of IAPP-GI. At the same time, interaction of IAPP-GI with Aβ resulted in a concentration-dependent co-aggregation of Aβ and IAPP-GI that was enhanced for the more aggregation prone Aβ42 peptide. On the basis of the reduced toxicity of the Aβ peptide in the presence of IAPP-GI, our data are consistent with the suggestion that IAPP-GI redirects Aβ into nontoxic "off-pathway" aggregates.
Invited Review: UV Radiation Effects on Pathogens and Insect Pests of Greenhouse-Grown Crops (2004)

Production of high-value crops is often performed under protected cultivation. In recent years various spectral modifications have been made in greenhouse covers. Two of the main reasons to modify the spectral characteristics of greenhouse covers have been to suppress the proliferation of several foliar diseases and to protect crops from insects and insect-borne virus diseases of greenhouse-grown crops. These goals were achieved by complete or partial absorption of solar UV radiation, which interrupts the life cycle of several fungal pathogens and alters the visual behavior of many insects. Examples of these management strategies are described in this article.
Growth and characterization of glycine lithium sulphate single crystal (2006)

Abstract Single crystal of glycine lithium sulphate, a nonlinear optical material, was grown from aqua solution by temperature reduction method. The solubility and metastable zonewidth of glycine lithium sulphate were estimated using aqueous solution. The cell parameters of the grown crystal were estimated by single crystal X‐ ray diffraction analysis. The presence of functional groups was identified from FTIR spectrum. Thermal analysis was performed to study the thermal stability of the grown crystal. The transmission and absorption spectra of this crystal show that the lower cut off wavelength lies at 330 nm. Powder Second Harmonic Generation efficiency of the grown crystal measured by Kurtz technique is 0.75 times that of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate. Vickers microhardness study was carried out on the well developed (011) face of the grown crystal. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)