gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of an α1,2-mannosidase cDNA from the lepidopteran insect cell line Sf9 (1997)

As part of our ongoing efforts to characterize the N-glycosylation pathway of lepidopteran insect cells, we have isolated an alpha 1,2-mannosidase homolog from an Sf9 cDNA library. This cDNA contains an open reading frame which encodes a 670 amino acid protein with a calculated molecular weight of 75,225 Da. This protein has two potential N-glycosylation sites, two consensus calcium binding sequences, and is predicted to be a type II integral membrane protein with a 22 amino acid transmembrane domain (residues 31-52). The amino acid sequence of this protein is 35-57% identical to Drosophila, human, murine, and yeast alpha 1,2-mannosidases. A transcript of approximately 6 kilobases was detected by Northern blot analysis of Sf9 mRNA. Genomic Southern blots probed with an intron-free fragment of the alpha 1,2-mannosidase gene indicated that there are at least two copies or cross-hybridizing variants of this gene in the Sf9 genome. In vivo expression of the cDNA using a recombinant baculovirus produced a protein that released [3H]mannose from [3H]Man9GlcNAc. This activity required calcium, but not magnesium, and was inhibited by 1-deoxymannojirimycin. These results indicate that Sf9 cells encode and express an alpha 1,2-mannosidase with properties similar to those of other eukaryotic processing alpha 1,2-mannosidases.
Preparation of Nucleic Acid Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Arrays (2002)

A vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) array is fabricated as a nanoelectrode platform for biosensor development. Prior to chemical functionalization, metal catalyst particles at the ends of CNT are removed and the closed ends are opened. We find that the oxidative treatment for generating the chemical functional groups at the opened ends of the CNT compromise the mechanical stability of the nanotubes, often leading to total collapse of the aligned CNTs. To solve this problem, we have developed a new approach for filling the gaps between CNTs with a spin-on glass (SOG). Results from the coupling of nucleic acids to the CNT arrays suggest that the SOG enhances the reactivity by providing structural support to the CNTs. The SOG also covers the length of the sidewalls of CNTs, leading to a less hydrophobic interface and thus may aid in improving the chemical reactivity.
Structure/Function of the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor: Tyrosine 735 Is Important for Transactivation (1999)

Ligand-induced activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is not well understood. The GR ligand-binding domain was modeled, based on homology with the progesterone receptor. Tyrosine 735 interacts with the D ring of dexamethasone, and substitution of D ring functional groups results in partial agonist steroids with reduced ability to direct transactivation. Loss of the Tyr735 hydroxyl group by substitution to phenylalanine (Tyr735Phe) did not reduce ligand binding affinity [dissociation constant (Kd) 4.3 nM compared with Kd 4.6 nM for wild-type] and did not alter transrepression of an nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB reporter. But, there was a significant 30% reduction in maximal transactivation of a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) reporter, although with an unchanged EC50 (8.6 nM compared with 6 nM). Substitution to a nonaromatic hydrophobic amino acid, valine (Tyr735Val), retained high-affinity ligand binding for dexamethasone (Kd 6 nM compared with 4.6 nM) and did not alter transrepression of NF-kappaB. However, there was a 36% reduction in MMTV activity with a right shift in EC50 (14.8 nM). The change to serine, a small polar amino acid (Tyr735Ser), caused significantly lower affinity for dexamethasone (10.4 nM). Maximal transrepression of NF-kappaB was unaltered, but the IC50 for this effect was increased. Tyr735Ser had a major shift in EC50 (118 nM) for transactivation of an MMTV reporter. Maximal transactivation of MMTV induced by the natural ligand cortisol was reduced to 60% by Tyr735Phe and Tyr735Val and was completely absent by Tyr735Ser. These data suggest that tyrosine 735 is important for ligand interpretation and transactivation.
Role of G0-G1 arrest in the inhibition of tumor cell growth by interferon. (1980)

We report here that human leukocyte interferon preparations are capable of influencing the transition of human melanoma cells from the "A" state to the "B" phase. Human melanoma cells that enter a quiescent stage at high cell density are more sensitive to the cytostatic action of interferon than those that continue to proliferate under similar conditions. Cell cycle perturbations caused by interferon in these cells include a decreased transition rate out of G0-G1 ("A" state) into S ("B" phase) and a prolongation of S. These findings support the idea that some metabolic event is required for progress through the G0-G1 phase of the cell cycle and is susceptible to interferon action.
Logistics engineering workstations for concurrent engineering applications (2002)

The authors introduce a logistics engineering workstation based on the Air Force's R&M 2000 concepts and consistent with DoD's concurrent engineering and computer-aided acquisition and logistic support (CALS) initiatives. The workstation uses the framework of a decision support system (DSS) to evaluate both the R&M (reliability and maintenance) and logistics impacts of weapon system design or modification on overall system performance. Thus, the objectives of R&M 2000 can be effectively managed within the concurrent engineering process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparative trends in shortening velocity and force production in skeletal muscles (2002)

Skeletal muscles are diverse in their properties, with specific contractile characteristics being matched to particular functions. In this study, published values of contractile properties for >130 diverse skeletal muscles were analyzed to detect common elements that account for variability in shortening velocity and force production. Body mass was found to be a significant predictor of shortening velocity in terrestrial and flying animals, with smaller animals possessing faster muscles. Although previous studies of terrestrial mammals revealed similar trends, the current study indicates that this pattern is more universal than previously appreciated. In contrast, shortening velocity in muscles used for swimming and nonlocomotory functions is not significantly affected by body size. Although force production is more uniform than shortening velocity, a significant correlation with shortening velocity was detected in muscles used for locomotion, with faster muscles tending to produce more force. Overall, the contractile properties of skeletal muscles are conserved among phylogenic groups, but have been significantly influenced by other factors such as body size and mode of locomotion.
Generation and Characterization of a Mouse Single-Chain Antibody Fragment Specific for Disialoganglioside (G <sub>D2</sub> ) (1997)

Anti-disialoganglioside (GD2) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been used in vivo for immunolocalization and in phase I and II trials to target disseminated neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. However, the efficacy of these first-generation MAbs is likely to be improved by using engineered anti-GD2 antibodies. The generation of single-chain antibody fragments (scFv) could be very helpful as these molecules can be further modified to produce recombinant molecules with pre-defined properties such as immunotoxins, chimeric, or bispecific antibodies. Thus, a scFv directed against GD2 (scFv 7A4) was cloned, sequenced, and expressed. Its binding properties were characterized and compared to that of the parental MAb 7A4. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the scFv 7A4 indicated that its VH region belongs to the V region IIID subgroup and the V kappa to the V region II subgroup. The scFv 7A4 bound to GD2+ neuroblastoma cell lines but not to GD2- cell lines or to GD2- cells isolated from peripheral blood. ELISA and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) indicated that it retained the anti-GD2 specificity, and exhibited a slight cross-reaction with GD3 as the parental MAb. This scFv makes it possible to develop new useful reagents through genetic engineering for adjuvant tumor therapy.
The Ultimate Desktop Publishing Starter Kit (1995)

From the Publisher:
The Ultimate Desktop Publishing Starter Kit has everything you need to master the basics of desktop publishing right at home on your Windows (tm) PC. In easy, step-by-step instructions and examples Anne Lent coaches you through ten complete projectsfrom a simple ticket and a poster through custom letterhead, a greeting card, a brochure, and a multipage newsletter. You'll learn the basics of design using a special version of Serif, Inc.'s award-winning program, PagePlus 3.0 (try it and see why Windows Magazine called it Caviar for the price of tuna!) And for the truly adventurous, a capstone chapter also covers advanced techniques, such as full-color publishing, using scanned images, and when and how to use a service bureau.
The Ultimate Desktop Publishing Starter Kit brings publishing power to your PC! The Ultimate Desktop Publishing Starter Kit CD-ROM includes everything you need to get started:
a special, 60-day version of PagePlus 3.0, Serif's acclaimed desktop publishing program winner of Computer Shopper's Best Value Software awardfree, unrestricted copies of Serif's PagePlus Intro and DrawPlus Intro for you to keep and useover 500 free pieces of clipart that you can use with any Windows application!
System requirements:
PC-compatible 386 or better with 3 MB of RAMMicrosoft (R) Windows (tm) 3.1 or higherEGA, VGA, or better graphics cardMouseCD-ROM drive
Préparation de phosphocaséinate natif par microfiltration sur membrane (1992)

Le phosphocasinate natif (PPCN) tait spar du lait cru par microfiltration tangentielle sur membrane (diamtre des pores: 0,2 l1m) suivie d'une purification par diafiltration avec de l'eau. Le suivi analytique des liquides obtenus de part et d'autre de la membrane montrait une permation conforme aux lois de la filtration des protines majeures du lactosrum (j3-lactoglobuline et a-lactalbumine), du lactose et des sels minraux solubles et au contraire, une rtention leve des composants solubles haut poids molculaire ainsi que des protoses-peptones. Le rtentat final tait sch par atomisation. Ses teneurs en matire azote (N x 6,38) et en cendres taient respectivement de 89% et de 9% par rapport la substance sche. L'aptitude la coagulation par la prsure, de la solution reconstitue a t compare celle du lait cru. Le temps de coagulation est rduit de 53%; la cintique d'organisation du. gel (apprcie par le K2Q) et la fermet finale (apprcie 30 min) sont galement accrues de plus de 50%. La proprit de former un gel sous l'action de la prsure aprs un traitement thermique de 100 oC -5 min est conserve, contrairement au lait qui, soumis au mme traitement, ne coagule plus. microfiltration 1 phosphocasinate 1 coagulation prsure 1 traitement thermique Summary -Native micellar casein separation through cross flow membrane microfiltration. Native phosphocaseinate (PPCN) was separated from raw milk by tangential membrane microfiltration (pore diameter: 0.2 um) followed by purification through water diafiltration. Analytical survey of both tiquids issued by membrane treatment showed permeation rates matching mathematical laws for the main whey proteins (fJ-lactoglobulin and a-Iactalbumin), lactose and soluble mineraI salts. On the contrary, a high retention of high molecular weight soluble components and proteose-peptone fraction was observed. Finaldiafiltratedretentate was spray-dried. Its protein (N x 6.38) and ash contents in total solids were respectively 89% and 9%. Rennet coagulating ability of PPCN reconstituted solution was compared to that of raw milk. Coagulation time was reduced by 53%; gel development kinetics (estimated by Krol and final firmness (estimated at 30 min) were increased by more than 50%. When a severe heat treatment (100 oC -5 min) was applied, milk lost its ability to coagulate alter rennet action; PPCN solution did not, but ifs coagulation time was increased and the curd was slightly weaker.
Further Studies on Imidazo[4,5-<i>b</i>]pyridine AT<sub>1</sub>Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists. Effects of the Transformation of the 4-Phenylquinoline Backbone into 4-Phenylisoquinolinone or 1-Phenylindene Scaffolds (2006)

The 4-phenylquinoline fragment of novel AT(1) receptor antagonists 4 based on imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine moiety was replaced by 4-phenylisoquinolinone (compounds 5) or 1-phenylindene (compounds 6) scaffolds to investigate the structure-activity relationships. Binding studies showed that most of the synthesized compounds display high affinity for the AT(1) receptor. Because of the in vitro high potency of carboxylic acids 5b,f, they were evaluated in permeability (in Caco-2 cells) and in pharmacokinetic studies in comparison with quinoline derivatives 4b,i,j,k. The studies showed that these compounds are characterized by rapid excretion, low membrane permeability, and low oral bioavailability. The structure optimization of the indene derivatives led to compounds 6e,f possessing interesting AT(1) receptor affinities. Optimization produced polymerizing AT(1) receptor ligand 6c, which forms a thermoreversible polymer (poly-6c) and is released from the latter by a temperature-dependent kinetics. The results suggest the possibility of developing novel polymeric prodrugs based on a new release mechanism. Finally, a set of 34 AT(1) receptor antagonists was used as a new test for the evaluation of the predictive capability of the previously published qualitative and quantitative pharmacophore models.
Morita–Baylis–Hillman Reactions Between Conjugated Nitroalkenes or Nitrodienes and Carbonyl Compounds (2009)

Abstract Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) reactions between conjugated nitroalkenes or nitrodienes and various carbonyl compounds such as glyoxylate, trifluoropyruvate, pyruvaldehyde, oxomalonate, ninhydrin, and formaldehyde have been extensively investigated. The reactions proceeded smoothly in the presence of DMAP (40–100 mol‐%) in acetonitrile and in some cases also in that of imidazole (100 mol‐%) in CHCl 3 or THF, to provide the multifunctional adducts in good to excellent yields. The reactions catalyzed by DMAP in acetonitrile were superior to the imidazole‐catalyzed reactions both in terms of the rate of reaction and in terms of the isolated yields of the MBH adducts. The catalytic roles played by DMAP and imidazole in these reactions, vis‐à‐vis other MBH catalysts such as DABCO, are attributed primarily to resonance stabilization of the initial zwitterionic intermediates. Whereas the E isomers are the major or exclusive products in the cases of glyoxylate, pyruvaldehyde, and formaldehyde, the Z isomers predominate in the cases of trifluoropyruvate and ninhydrin. Interestingly, oxomalonate forms E isomers with aromatic nitroalkenes and Z isomers with aliphatic ones. These selectivities and the formation of unusual deconjugated products in the case of certain β‐alkyl‐nitroethylenes have been explained.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Bedding Plants: Prolonging Shelf Performance : Postproduction Care and Handling (1993)

In-depth information on light, temperature, nutrition, irrigation, fertilization, shipping and much more! Includes full-color photos and basic postharvest care information plus production, shipping, and retailing guidelines. These guides are indispensable for growers, retailers, importers, and exporters who want to increase customer satisfaction and reduce inventory shrinkage.
Effect of a transition section between the Blumlein line and a load on the output voltage of gigawatt intense electron-beam accelerators (2009)

The flat voltage of the main pulse on the load of intense electron-beam accelerators (IEBA) is one of the important factors which affect the quality and characteristic of the output beam current of IEBA. In this paper, the effect of the transition section between the Blumlein pulse forming line (BPFL) and load on the output voltage of IEBA is analyzed in theory. Based on the telegraph equations of the BPFL, a formula which is used to calculate the output voltage of IEBA is obtained, and the factor which affects the output voltage is analyzed. It is found from the theoretical analysis that the wave impedance and transmission time of the transition section influence considerably the fluctuation of the main pulse voltage waveform at the load. In order to get a well-shaped square waveform at load and to improve the electron-beam quality of such an accelerator, there should be a proper wave impedance of the transition section, and the transmission time of the transition section should be designed as short as possible. At last, some experiments are performed on IEBA, and the experimental results show reasonable agreement with theoretical analysis.
Mammography, thermography, and ultrasound in breast cancer detection (1982)

The book begins with a brief discussion of the history of mammography and a good review and discussion of the mammorgraphy controversy. The section on diagnosis is excellent with very good anatomic-pathologic correlation of the mammography signs. The preoperative localization is well described. Section 3 on performing the examination is an excellent discussion of the various modes of mammography and their techniques. Magnification mammography, computed tomographic mammography, thermography, sonomammography, and ductography are very well covered. In Section 4, the benefits and risk of mammography are well discussed enabling the reader to understand the controversy surrounding breast cancer detection techniques.
Track join (2014)

Network communication is the slowest component of many operators in distributed parallel databases deployed for large-scale analytics. Whereas considerable work has focused on speeding up databases on modern hardware, communication reduction has received less attention. Existing parallel DBMSs rely on algorithms designed for disks with minor modifications for networks. A more complicated algorithm may burden the CPUs, but could avoid redundant transfers of tuples across the network. We introduce track join, a novel distributed join algorithm that minimizes network traffic by generating an optimal transfer schedule for each distinct join key. Track join extends the trade-off options between CPU and network. Our evaluation based on real and synthetic data shows that track join adapts to diverse cases and degrees of locality. Considering both network traffic and execution time, even with no locality, track join outperforms hash join on the most expensive queries of real workloads.
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition process in human embryonic stem cells cultured in feeder-free conditions (2006)

Feeder-free human embryonic stem cell (hESC) culture is associated with the presence of mesenchymal-like cells appearing at the periphery of the colonies. The aim of this study was to identify this early differentiation process. Long-term feeder-free hESC cultures using matrigel and conditioned medium from mouse and from human origin revealed that the appearance of mesenchymal-like cells was similar regardless of the conditioned medium used. Standard characterization confirmed the preservation of hESC properties, but the feeder-free cultures could not be maintained longer than 37 passages. The early differentiation process was characterized in the short term after switching hESCs cultured on feeders to feeder-free conditions. Transmission electron microscopy showed an epithelium-like structure inside the hESC colonies, whereas the peripheral cells revealed the acquisition of a rather mesenchymal-like phenotype. Immunochemistry analysis showed that cells at the periphery of the colonies had a negative E-cadherin expression and a positive Vimentin expression, suggesting an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Nuclear staining of beta-catenin, positive N-cadherin and negative Connexin 43 expression were also found in the mesenchymal-like cell population. After RT-PCR analysis, Slug and Snail, both EMT-related transcription factors, were detected as up-regulated in the mesenchymal-like cell population. Taken together, our data suggest that culturing hESCs in feeder-free conditions enhances an early differentiation process identified as an EMT.
Deep Electrophoretic Penetration and Deposition of Ceramic Particles Inside Porous Substrates: II . Experimental Model (1992)

The objective of the present study was to experimentally evaluate the feasibility of depositing ceramic particles on the surface of a porous substrate and inducing them into it by electrophoresis. It was demonstrated that it is possible to charge and electrophoretically deposit both oxide (fused and colloidal ) and nonoxide ( and ) ceramics on a conductive graphite substrate. It was also shown that ceramic particles are induced into porous graphite, and that under optimal conditions the whole cross section of the specimens was penetrated. The amount of induced material was found to increase with the ratio of dielectric constant to viscosity of the solvent, as well as with particle concentration and field intensity. However, due to simultaneous buildup of an overlying deposit, penetration as a function of deposition time reaches a plateau prior to the filling of the whole pore volume.
Study on the reduction of $CO_2$ and NOx emission by coastal transport of import-export container cargo (2001)

In this paper, the reduction of CO₂ gas emission and exhaust gas emission by using the shift of coastal transport from land transport for import-export container cargo was proposed. At first, the domestic CO₂ gas emission, exhaust gas emission and the transportation of import-export container cargo are investigated. And also, we investigated the reduction of CO₂ gas emission and exhaust gas emission by the shift of coastal transport from land transport for the transportation of import-export container cargo between Kyongin area and Pusan Port. Finally, the change of NOx gas emission due to the change of the share of coastal transportation and using the 320TEU container ship are investigated. The research results show that the shift of coastal transport from land transport was effective to reduce the CO₂ gas emission and exhaust gas emission.
Comparing Different Localization Approaches of the Radon Transform for Road Centerline Extraction from Classified Satellite Imagery (2006)

Using a local Radon transform helps improve the performance of the Radon transform-based linear feature detection. In this paper, three different approaches to localize the Radon transform are implemented and compared in the context of road centerline extraction from classified satellite imagery.