gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Nanoparticle Antioxidants to Enable Hyperstable Chloroplasts for Solar Energy Harvesting (2013)

Abstract The chloroplast contains densely stacked arrays of light‐harvesting proteins that harness solar energy with theoretical maximum glucose conversion efficiencies approaching 12%. Few studies have explored isolated chloroplasts as a renewable, abundant, and low cost source for solar energy harvesting. One impediment is that photoactive proteins within the chloroplast become photodamaged due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In vivo, chloroplasts reduce photodegradation by applying a self‐repair cycle that dynamically replaces photodamaged components; outside the cell, ROS‐induced photodegradation contributes to limited chloroplast stability. The incorporation of chloroplasts into synthetic, light‐harvesting devices will require regenerative ROS scavenging mechanisms to prolong photoactivity. Herein, we study ROS generation within isolated chloroplasts extracted from S pinacia oleracea directly interfaced with nanoparticle antioxidants, including dextran‐wrapped nanoceria (dNC) previously demonstrated as a potent ROS scavenger. We quantitatively examine the effect of dNC, along with cerium ions, fullerenol, and DNA‐wrapped single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), on the ROS generation of isolated chloroplasts using the oxidative dyes, 2’,7’‐ dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H 2 DCF‐DA) and 2,3‐bis(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitro‐5‐sulfophenyl)‐2 H ‐tetrazolium‐5‐carboxanilide sodium salt (XTT). Electrochemical measurements confirm that chloroplasts processed from free solution can generate power under illumination. We find dNC to be the most effective of these agents for decreasing oxidizing species and superoxide concentrations whilst preserving chloroplast photoactivity at concentrations below 5 μM, offering a promising mechanism for maintaining regenerative chloroplast photoactivity for light‐harvesting applications.
The In Vitro Sensitivity of Erythrocyte Aggregation to Quinine: Assessment by a Serial Blood Sedimentation Procedure (1971)

Abstract A serial erythrocyte sedimentation procedure is based on maintaining blood in vitro in thermal (body temperature) and flow equilibrium, as changes in sedimentation rate are evaluated at 20-min intervals. Each measurement was made 1 h after the determination was begun. We thus confirmed in vitro the clinically observed effects of quinine on blood cell aggregation. A delayed effect of quinine on aggregation corresponded to in vivo observations that aggregation is first affected 3 to 12 h after the drug is administered. Quinine’s greatest effect (p &lt; 0.01) on erythrocyte sedimentation in vitro was at 200 min with 2 mg of quinine per 100 ml of blood, 220 min with 1 mg/100 ml, and 240 min with 0.5 mg/l00 ml.
Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Human γδ T-Cell Subsets in Response to Influenza A Viruses (2012)

Like αβ T cells, human γδ T cells also have different subsets with distinct characteristics. Whether human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells have functionally different subsets in response to influenza A (fluA) viruses remains unknown. In this study, we show for the first time that both central (CD45RA(-)CD27(+)) and effector (CD45RA(-)CD27(-)) memory Vγ9Vδ2 T cells have similar levels of immediate interferon (IFN) γ and cytotoxic responses to human and avian fluA virus-infected cells. In contrast, CD56(+) Vγ9Vδ2 T cells have significantly higher cytotoxicity against fluA virus-infected cells compared with their CD56(-) counterparts, whereas both subsets have similar IFN-γ responses. We further demonstrate that the CD16-dependent degranulation pathway, but not antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, contribute to the superior cytotoxicity of CD56(+) Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Our study provides further evidence for the phenotypic and functional characterization of human Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell subsets during fluA virus infection and may help improve the γδ T-cell-based immunotherapy for viral infection.
Automatic camera selection for activity monitoring in a multi-camera system for tennis (2009)

In professional tennis training matches, the coach needs to be able to view play from the most appropriate angle in order to monitor players' activities. In this paper, we describe and evaluate a system for automatic camera selection from a network of synchronised cameras within a tennis sporting arena. This work combines synchronised video streams from multiple cameras into a single summary video suitable for critical review by both tennis players and coaches. Using an overhead camera view, our system automatically determines the 2D tennis-court calibration resulting in a mapping that relates a player's position in the overhead camera to their position and size in another camera view in the network. This allows the system to determine the appearance of a player in each of the other cameras and thereby choose the best view for each player via a novel technique. The video summaries are evaluated in end-user studies and shown to provide an efficient means of multi-stream visualisation for tennis player activity monitoring.
Ciguatera in Australia: Occurrence, clinical features, pathophysiology and management (1986)

Ciguatera is a type of food poisoning that results from eating certain tropical fish which have become toxic. It is common in Australia: 175 outbreaks, which involved 527 people, were reported in Queensland between 1965 and 1984. It seems restricted to certain areas around the Australian coastline. Most reports have involved the narrow-barred Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus commersoni, most of which were caught in southern Queensland waters. Up to 2100 cases may have occurred in north Queensland between 1965 and 1984, which were not recorded by the writers. The symptoms of ciguatera in Australia are similar to those reported elsewhere in the South Pacific. Ciguatoxin acts by increasing the permeability of excitable membranes to sodium ions. This type of membrane is found throughout the body in nerve tissue as well as in heart and skeletal muscle. The treatment of ciguatera remains symptomatic and supportive only. Major advances in treatment for ciguatera and detection of ciguatoxin await the means of producing additional ciguatoxin.
Energy-aware memory allocation in heterogeneous non-volatile memory systems (2003)

Memory systems consume a significant portion of power in hand-held embedded systems. So far, low-power memory techniques have addressed the power consumption when the system is turned on. In this paper, we consider data retention energy during the power-off period. For this purpose, we first characterize the data retention energy and cycle-accurate active mode energy of the non-volatile memory systems. Next, we present energy-aware memory allocation for a given task set taking into account arrival rate, execution time, code size, user data size and the number of memory transactions by the use of trace-driven simulation. Experiments demonstrate that our optimal configuration can save up to 26% of the memory system energy compared with traditional allocation schemes.
Synthesis Gas by Partial Oxidation (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis Gas by Partial OxidationDuBois EastmanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1956, 48, 7, 1118–1122Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50559a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50559a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views466Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Diurnal oscillation in the accumulation of <i>Arabidopsis</i> microRNAs, miR167, miR168, miR171 and miR398 (2009)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs acting as regulators of eukaryotic gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Plant miRNAs have been implicated in developmental processes and adaptation to the environment. We show that the accumulation of four Arabidopsis miRNAs (miR171, miR398, miR168 and miR167) oscillates during the diurnal cycle, their accumulation increasing during the light period of the daytime and decreasing in darkness. This oscillatory pattern of miRNA accumulation is not governed by the circadian clock. These results suggest a potential role of light in controlling miRNA accumulation while defining a new level of regulation of miRNA gene expression in Arabidopsis.
Hepatocyte growth factor stimulates motility, chemotaxis and mitogenesis in ovarian carcinoma cells expressing high levels of c-MET (1997)

A proportion of ovarian carcinomas markedly overexpress the proto-oncogene c-met, which encodes the receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). HGF may either stimulate or inhibit the multiplication of its target cells, and may also promote motogenesis and morphogenesis. In this study, we established that the ovarian carcinoma-derived cell-line SK-OV-3 expressed about 20-fold higher levels of c-met protein than are expressed by a second line, CH1. This enabled us to test functional consequences of high-level expression of c-met in ovarian carcinoma cells. The addition of HGF to attached cultures of SK-OV-3 cells caused a change to a motile phenotype, that was evident after 4-6 hr and affected essentially all of the cells by 24 hr. When HGF was placed in the lower compartment of a migration chamber, it induced a 17-fold increase in the migration of SK-OV-3 cells to the lower surface of the filter. Finally, HGF stimulated the incorporation of [3H]-thymidine by cultures of SK-OV-3 cells incubated in medium containing either low (0.2%) or full (10%) FCS. None of these responses were obtained when HGF was added to CH1 cells. We conclude that high levels of c-met expression in ovarian cancer cells may lead to a range of responses to HGF that would promote tumour growth and dissemination.
Microbiological Aspects of Ethylene Oxide Sterilization (1970)

A specially built thermochemical death-rate apparatus is described which can be used to determine the resistance of microorganisms to ethylene oxide under controlled conditions. The apparatus was designed to provide instantaneous exposure of microorganisms to ethylene oxide and to eliminate variables that could result in errors when death kinetic reaction rates are calculated. The apparatus is used to obtain ethylene oxide resistance data which are useful in evaluating and developing sterilizing cycles for materials with known bacterial concentrations, as well as for calculating probability factors on which a given test condition can be expected to provide sterilization.
Bloch line stabilization in stripe domain wall for Bloch line memory (1984)

The construction of bit positions for a pair of vertical Bloch lines (VBLs) in the Bloch line memory is discussed, in terms of VBL interaction with in-plane magnetic field, providing Bloch lines are propagated by gyrotropic force. Propagation margin for a pair of VBLs is predicted from the threshold viewpoint for pulsed bias field and its width. Experimentally, ion implantation into the garnet surface layer or pattern made by non-magnetic material, Cr, with large internal stress were confirmed to be effective in making bit positions for VBL propagation. The magnetostatic effect, however, was not found to be suitable for controlling VBL motion.
Ventilation Efficiency Evaluation of Domestic Limestone Mine Using Tracer Gas Method (2016)

현재 국내에서 가행 중인 석회석 광산은 자연환기력을 주된 환기방법으로 사용하고 있고, 대단면 굴착으로 매우 저속의 공기유동현상이 나타나고 있다. 이로 인하여 작업구간의 공기질이 매우 저하되어 있는 실정이다. 이러한 문제점들을 개선하기 위해서는 먼저 환기성능을 면밀하게 평가할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 환기성능평가를 위해서 추적가스법을 적용하여 평가를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 추적가스법을 통해 매우 저속의 공기유동, 공기재순환현상, 작업장 공기교환율 등을 정량적으로 평가함에 따라서 연구광산의 환기문제점들을 정밀하게 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 추적가스법을 활용한 환기성능 평가방법은 광산의 작업환경 개선을 위하여 매우 정밀한 도구로 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다. Natural ventilation is employed in limestone mines that have been currently operated in Korea, and there has been a growing issue of a significantly weak airflow caused by the large-scale excavation. Thus, the air quality in the working area is considerably poor. In order to improve this circumstance, it is mainly required to examine ventilation performance. In this study, the examination of ventilation efficiency was conducted by using tracer gas method. The result of this work indicated detailedly the ventilation problems in research mine, in that extremely low air velocity, recirculation, and air change rate were evaluated quantitatively using tracer gas. Therefore the ventilation performance evaluation using tracer gas can be opted as a precise method to improve the working area in mines.
Wire bond temperature sensor (2001)

This work reports the first demonstration of a bond pad test structure with embedded thermopile sensors for the measurement of the transient temperature response during the wire bonding operation. This paper will present the design and operation of the bond pad test structure and show and discuss temperature measurements during the wire bonding operation. The test structure can be used directly on the bond pads without any modification to the bonding machine or imposition of constraints on the wire material. The thermocouple junctions are created by the aluminum-polysilicon contacts that are available in the standard CMOS process. This configuration does not require an external bias for the detector, as has been utilized in other studies. The test structure can be used in industrial applications for testing and calibrating wire bonding tools. Researchers can also use it as a probe for validating physics-based models of the wire bonding process. The device has been used for measuring the temperature response during ball bonding using 25 μm diameter gold wire. Measurements are reported for selected force and ultrasonic power settings and show generally expected trends. The sensor captures the cooling of the bond-pad by the gold ball and the heating due to the ultrasonic energy application. The results of this study are in qualitative agreement with a previous study using resistive temperature sensors.
Using FPGAs to Parallelize Dictionary Attacks for Password Cracking (2008)

Operating systems and data protection tools are employing sophisticated password derived encryption key techniques in order to encrypt data. Such techniques impose a significant computational burden on forensic tools that attempt dictionary attacks are requiring cryptographic hash generation functions to be called several thousand times for each password attempted. In order to improve throughput, forensic analysis tools are designed to operate in a distributed manner over a dedicated network of workstations. This paper describes an FPGA-based hardware implementation of the standard CPSK#5 technique published by RSA Laboratories for generating password-derived encryption keys. This is the most computationally demanding step required when performing a dictionary attack on modern password-protected systems. The initial FPGA implementation incorporates four password-derived encryption key generation units operating at a frequency of 150 MHz and is capable of processing over 510 passwords per second. The implementation's performance can be easily improved by incorporating additional key generation units.
Immunosuppressive MDSCs induced by TLR signaling during infection and role in resolution of inflammation (2013)

Ligand-mediated activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) not only induces inflammation but also immune suppression, which is an emerging area of investigation. Multiple negative feedback intracellular mechanisms have been described that are brought into play to prevent uncontrolled TLR activation. However, the identification of TLR-induced regulatory myeloid cells is a relatively recent development that has ramifications in pathogen-induced disease state as well as in cancer. Our efforts to understand how a high dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a ligand of TLR4, suppresses allergic airway inflammation led to the identification of myeloid cells that are CD11b(+)Gri(int)(Ly6G(int))F4/80(+) and are phenotypically and morphologically similar to myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) which are best studied in the context of cancer. MDSCs have been also detected during infection by various bacteria, parasites and viruses, which can engage different TLRs. These TLR-induced myeloid cells produce different types of mediators to influence immune response and inflammation that can be either beneficial or detrimental to the host. One beneficial function of TLR4/MyD88-triggered MDSCs in the lung is to efferocytose apoptotic neutrophils to help resolve inflammation elicited during bacterial pneumonia. A better understanding of the generation and function of these regulatory cells would be helpful to harness their potential or suppress their function for disease-specific immune regulation.
Implementation of the FFT butterfly with redundant arithmetic (1996)

We present an architecture for the implementation of the radix-4 FFT butterfly with redundant arithmetic, based on the utilization of carry-save adders and a signed-digit representation of the multipliers in the multiplications. As the carry propagation is eliminated, a high throughput is maintained with a reduced hardware cost when compared to other architectures based on carry-propagate additions.
Potent and selective EGFR inhibitors based on 5-aryl-7H-pyrrolopyrimidin-4-amines (2019)

The epidermal growth factor receptor represents an important target in cancer therapy, and low molecular weight inhibitors based on quinazolines have reached the marked. Herein we report on a new scaffold, 5-aryl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amines, and show that when employing (S)-phenylglycinol as C-4 substituent, potent inhibitors can be made. The two most active inhibitors have suitable druglike properties, were equipotent with Erlotinib in Ba/F3 cell studies, and showed lower cross reactivity than Erlotinib in a panel of 50 kinases.
Near-infrared monitoring and modeling of V1647 Ori in its ongoing 2008–2012 outburst phase (2013)

We present results of Mt Abu JHK photometric and HI Brackett $\gamma$ line monitoring of the eruptive YSO V1647 Orionis (McNeil's Object) during the on-going outburst phase in 2008-2012. We discuss JHK colour patterns and extinction during the outburst and compare these with the previous outburst phase in 2004-05 and the intervening quiescent period of about 2 years. Commencing from early 2012, the object shows a slow fading out in all the bands. We report brightness variations in the nearby Herbig-Haro object HH22 possibly associated with those in V1647 Ori. We also present modelling of the spectral energy distributions of V1647 Ori during its recent outburst and quiescent phases. The physical parameters of the protostar and its circumstellar environment obtained from the modelling indicate marked differences in the two phases.
A fast thinning algorithm based on image compression (1991)

A compression/based thinning algorithm is presented. In this algorithm, the skeleton of a binary image is obtained through an optimal thresholding and compression process. Connectedness of the skeletons has been preserved through the application of a set of 42 different masks. Issues relating to efficient algorithm implementation on a multiprocessor system are discussed. Its evaluation based on experimental results and quality of skeletonized images is also used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A unified approach for robot motion planning with moving polyhedral obstacles (1990)

A unified approach suitable for path planning with moving polyhedral obstacles is presented. The planner views the space-time configuration of free space as disjoint polytopes that represent a time-dependent environment consisting of moving and stationary objects. Each point in the space-time domain is mapped into a unique polytope set. The planner then constructs a family of feasible collision-free trajectories by searching connected polytopes between the start polytope and the goal polytope that satisfy the speed and time constraints. Finally, a near-optimal trajectory is determined by constrained optimization. This approach does not require that obstacles be nonoverlapping or noncolliding. In addition, the obstacle is allowed to move faster than the planned robot. However, the speed of the obstacle must be piecewise-constant. The proposed approach can be easily extended to motion planning in higher dimensional spaces.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Major Organic Acids in Cranberry Juice (1978)

A reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatographic method is presented for the simultaneous separation and determination of quinic, malic, and citric acids in single strength, undiluted cranberry juice. After a 1 : 10 dilution and cleanup through a disposable column, major organic acids in cranberry juice are separated on a Bondapak/C18 column and quantitated by using a differential refractometer. Twenty-seven samples of different single strength cranberry juice were analyzed using this method; the mean content of quinic, malic, and citric acids were 1.32 (std dev. 0.150), 0.92 (std dev. 0.079), and 1.08% (std dev. 0.111), respectively. Mean percent recoveries of each acid were quinic 95.4 (std dev. 6.8), malic 96.6 (std dev. 5.8), and citric 94.0% (std dev. 4.8).
Transgenic oil palm: production and projection (2000)

Oil palm is an important economic crop for Malaysia. Genetic engineering could be applied to produce transgenic oil palms with high value-added fatty acids and novel products to ensure the sustainability of the palm oil industry. Establishment of a reliable transformation and regeneration system is essential for genetic engineering. Biolistic was initially chosen as the method for oil palm transformation as it has been the most successful method for monocotyledons to date. Optimization of physical and biological parameters, including testing of promoters and selective agents, was carried out as a prerequisite for stable transformation. This has resulted in the successful transfer of reporter genes into oil palm and the regeneration of transgenic oil palm, thus making it possible to improve the oil palm through genetic engineering. Besides application of the Biolistics method, studies on transformation mediated by Agrobacterium and utilization of the green fluorescent protein gene as a selectable marker gene have been initiated. Upon the development of a reliable transformation system, a number of useful targets are being projected for oil palm improvement. Among these targets are high-oleate and high-stearate oils, and the production of industrial feedstock such as biodegradable plastics. The efforts in oil palm genetic engineering are thus not targeted as commodity palm oil. Due to the long life cycle of the palm and the time taken to regenerate plants in tissue culture, it is envisaged that commercial planting of transgenic palms will not occur any earlier than the year 2020.