gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuronal MHC-I expression and its implications in synaptic function, axonal regeneration and Parkinsonâ€™s and other brain diseases (2014)

Neuronal expression of major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) has been implicated in developmental synaptic plasticity and axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS), but recent findings demonstrate that constitutive neuronal MHC-I can also be involved in neurodegenerative diseases by playing a neuroinflammtory role. Recent reports demonstrate its expression in vitro and in human postmortem samples and support a role in neurodegeneration involving proinflammatory cytokines, activated microglia and increased cytosolic oxidative stress. Major histocompatibility complex I may be important for both normal development and pathogenesis of some CNS diseases including Parkinson's.
일본 보험법의 제정경위 및 주요 개정내용 (2008)

본 논문은 년 월 일 공포된 일본 2008 6 6 보험법의 제정 경위 및 개요에 대해 검토하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.
현행 일본 상법의 보험계약에 관한 규정은 1899년 상법제정 후 1911년 일부 규정의 개정이있었을 뿐이다. 그 후 현저한 사회경제 정세의 변화에도 불구하고 약 100년 가까이 실질적인 개정이 이루어지지 않았다. 이로 인해 현대의...
On improving static test compaction for sequential circuits (2002)

The cost of testing a VLSI circuit is greatly affected by the length of its test sequence. Compaction techniques are often used to reduce the test sequence length. In this paper, we propose a new test sequence compaction procedure for synchronous sequential circuits aimed at improving the level of compaction compared to earlier efficient procedures. It is based on the reverse order restoration (ROR) compaction algorithm and the vector omission based compaction algorithm presented earlier. During vector restoration, once a subsequence is restored, the vector omission based method is applied to the restored subsequence to reduce the number of test vectors restored. Parallel pattern simulation for a single fault, as proposed earlier, is used to speed up the vector restoration process. Experimental results on test sequences generated by several test generators show the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the level of compaction.
Evaluation of Fungal Pathogens for the Management of Mealybugs in Bt Cotton (2012)

Three entomopathogenic fungi ( Verticillium lecani i, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae ) along with two standard insecticides (acephate and chlorpyriphos) were evaluated for their effectiveness in the field of Bunny Bt (Cry IAC) cotton neem oil + detergent (Nirma) powder and detergent powder alone during 2007-08a2008-09 against two mealybugs viz., Phenococcus solenopsis and Paracoccus marginatus. The results revealed that B. bassiana, V. lecanii and M. anisopliae brought out a reduction of 39.1, 30.9 and 28.2 per cent incidence and 69.0, 59.0 and 23.1 per cent population of mealybugs respectively, while, the insecticides acephate and chlorpyriphos brought out a reduction of 93.8 and 87.1 per cent incidence and 97.8 and 95.3 per cent population, respectively. Detergent powder brought out a reduction of 51.7 per cent incidence and 82.4 per cent population, while detergent powder + neem oil brought out a reduction of 20.9 and 36.1 per cent, respectively. Observation on the activity of predators revealed that B. bassiana , V. lecanii and M. anisopliae brought out a reduction of 61.3, 51.6, and 6.5 % coccinellids and 33.7, 15.2a22.8 % spiders as against 54.8 and 42.4 % respectively in the standard insecticide acephate. Treatments with neem oil+ detergent powder and detergent powder alone did not reduce coccinellid population, however, reduced spider population by 22.6a13.0 percent respectively. All the treatments recorded significantly higher yield over control during 2008 - 09 and the increase in yield over control ranged from 18.0 to 43.0 %.
Characterization of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Enantiomers<i>In Vitro</i>and in the MPTP-Lesioned Primate:<i>R</i>-MDMA Reduces Severity of Dyskinesia, Whereas<i>S</i>-MDMA Extends Duration of ON-Time (2011)

l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) is the most effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, but long-term l-DOPA administration is marred by the emergence of motor complications, namely, dyskinesia and a shortening of antiparkinsonian benefit (wearing-OFF). 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is unique in that it exerts antidyskinetic effects and may enhance antiparkinsonian actions of l-DOPA. MDMA is composed of two enantiomers with different pharmacological profiles; here, we describe a novel enantiospecific synthesis of the two enantiomers and expand on the previous characterization of their pharmacology. R-MDMA (rectus-MDMA) is relatively selective for 5-HT(2A) receptors, whereas S-MDMA (sinister-MDMA) inhibits both serotonin (SERT) and dopamine transporters (DAT; SERT/DAT ratio of 10 to 1). R- or S-MDMA (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, s.c.) was administered in combination with l-DOPA (15 mg/kg, s.c.) to six female common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) rendered parkinsonian by MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) administration. Motor disability, including parkinsonism and dyskinesia, and duration of antiparkinsonian benefit (ON-time) were evaluated. After the administration of R-MDMA (3 and 10 mg/kg), the severity of peak-dose dyskinesia was decreased (by 33 and 46%, respectively; p < 0.05); although total ON-time was unchanged (approximately 220 min), the duration of ON-time with disabling dyskinesia was decreased by 90 min when compared to l-DOPA alone (69% reduction; p < 0.05). S-MDMA (1 mg/kg) increased the total ON-time by 88 min compared to l-DOPA alone (34% increase; p < 0.05), though dyskinesia were exacerbated. These data suggest that racemic MDMA exerts simultaneous effects, reducing dyskinesia and extending ON-time, by 5-HT(2A) antagonism and SERT-selective mixed monoamine uptake inhibition, which arise from its R and S enantiomers, respectively.
CarbFix: a CCS pilot project imitating and accelerating natural CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration (2011)

Abstract CarbFix, a combined industrial‐academic pilot program, was developed in order to assess the feasibility of in situ CO 2 mineral sequestration in basaltic rocks. Unique to CarbFix is its connection to the Hellisheidi geothermal power plant, allowing for capture of otherwise emitted CO 2 in addition to CO 2 transport and mineral sequestration. Extensive research has been conducted in order to characterize physical properties of the pilot injection site in Hellisheidi. Tracer tests have been carried out and continuous well‐logging confirmed separation of the target formation from shallower groundwater systems. Alteration mineralogy in natural analogs has been mapped out in order to predict which minerals are likely to precipitate upon CO 2 injection. In addition to carbonates, these include clays, zeolites, and poorly crystalline hydroxides. Some of the secondary minerals will compete with carbonates for cations dissolved from the rock matrix. Numerical modeling plays an important role in the CarbFix project as it provides tools to predict and optimize long‐term management of the injection site as well as to quantify the amount of CO 2 that can be mineralized. A reactive transport model has been developed and numerical simulations of the pilot CO 2 injection are ongoing. Extensive monitoring provides the basis for testing, validating, and calibrating reactive transport models. It is anticipated that the results of CarbFix will be used to optimize the in situ carbon mineralization process, enabling it in basalt and ultramafic rock formations throughout the world. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
On-screen laser spot detection for large display interaction (2005)

Laser pointer based interfaces present an interesting alternative for interaction with large displays such as those provided by video projection systems. In order to operate correctly, such systems need to quickly and reliably detect the on-screen laser spot generated by the pointer. This work describes a fast algorithm for real-time laser spot tracking and presents some performance results.
Fluoride release from a fluoride‐containing amalgam, a glass ionomer cement and a silicate cement in artificial saliva (1981)

This study aimed to compare the fluoride release from a fluoride-containing amalgam, a silicate cement and a glass ionomer cement in artificial saliva. After storing specimens in an artificial saliva for 7 weeks, the fluoride content in the solvent was measured by a spectrophotometric method. The fluoride release from silicate cement was about 5 times greater than from glass ionomer cement, which again showed a release 4 times greater than the fluoride-containing amalgam. The fluoride release relative to fluoride content in test specimens was greater from fluoride-containing amalgam and silicate cement than from glass ionomer cement.
Hierarchical volumetric object representations for digital fabrication workflows (2013)

With the rise of of desktop 3D printers, hackerspaces, and fab labs, more and more individuals are engaging in personal-scale digital fabrication. For historical reasons, fabrication workflows are often based on triangulated meshes. Meshes are easy to render, but cannot guarantee physical feasibility -- holes, zero-area faces, incorrect normals, and other flaws can make them nonsensical descriptions of physical objects.
Integrating wireless ECG monitoring in textiles (2005)

This paper reports for the first time on the realization of a garment embedded patient monitoring system, including wireless communication and inductive powering. The developed system is primarily intended for the continuous monitoring of the electrocardiogram (ECG) of children with an increased risk of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome). The sensors and the antenna are made out of textile materials. All electronics are mounted on a flexible circuit to facilitate integration in the baby's pyjamas. A significant increase in the comfort of patient and nursing staff is achieved by this integration in textiles. A prototype baby suit was fabricated and successfully tested by a 21 weeks old baby.
Phase measurement of atomic resolution image using transport of intensity equation (2005)

Since the Transport Intensity Equation (TIE) has been applied to electron microscopy only recently, there are controversial discussions in the literature regarding the theoretical concepts underlying the equation and the practical techniques to solve the equation. In this report we explored some of the issues regarding the TIE, especially bearing electron microscopy in mind, and clarified that: (i) the TIE for electrons exactly corresponds to the Schrödinger equation for high-energy electrons in free space, and thus the TIE does not assume weak scattering; (ii) the TIE can give phase information at any distance from the specimen, not limited to a new field; (iii) information transfer in the TIE for each spatial frequency g will be multiplied by g2 and thus low frequency components will be dumped more with respect to high frequency components; (vi) the intensity derivative with respect to the direction of wave propagation is well approximated by using a set of three symmetric images; and (v) a substantially larger defocus distance than expected before can be used for high-resolution electron microscopy. In the second part of this report we applied the TIE down to atomic resolution images to obtain phase information and verified the following points experimentally: (i) although low frequency components are attenuated in the TIE, all frequencies will be recovered satisfactorily except the very low frequencies; and (ii) using a reconstructed phase and the measured image intensity we can correct effectively the defects of imaging, such as spherical aberrations as well as partial coherence.
Comparison of tissue and plasma levels of ibuprofen after oral and topical administration. (1996)

The penetration and absorption of ibuprofen (CAS 15687-27-1) from a topical gel and oral tablets were tested in an open study, performed in 17 patients with degenerative knee disorders requiring an operation. Patients administered the topical test preparation (ibugel, 3 x 375 mg ibuprofen daily) or the standard oral preparation (2 x 600 mg ibuprofen daily) for 3 days prior to the operation. Samples of blood, synovial fluid, muscle, fasciae and subcutis were obtained during the operation (15 h after the last administration) and analysed for ibuprofen content using a validated HPLC method. Different absorption profiles were observed for topical and oral administration. Oral administration led to higher concentrations in the plasma, synovial fluid and fasciae, while higher levels in the muscle and subcutis were found after topical administration. After topical application, the concentrations in the fasciae, muscle and subcutis were significantly higher than those in the blood plasma and synovial fluid (p < 0.05). Very low levels of ibuprofen were observed in the subcutis after oral administration. This can be explained by the different pathways. This study demonstrated that concentrations of ibuprofen in the various biological samples were still within therapeutically effective levels 15 h after topical or oral administration. By use of an oral comparison group, it has been possible to show that the concentrations in times directly under the site of topical application lie in the same order of magnitude as those found after preoral treatment. Therapy of intra-articular inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases requires oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, based on the results of this study, topical therapy with NSAIDs can be recommended for soft tissue rheumatism and periarticular insertion tendinopathia.
A highly selective AIE fluorogen for lipid droplet imaging in live cells and green algae (2014)

Lipid droplets (LDs) are subcellular organelles for energy storage and lipid metabolism regulation. Here we report an aggregation-induced emission-active fluorogen, TPE-AmAl, for specific LD imaging. TPE-AmAl is cell-permeable: upon entering the live cells, the dye molecules can selectively accumulate in the LDs and turn on the fluorescence. TPE-AmAl possesses twisted intramolecular charge transfer properties as well: the emission colour in the hydrophobic LDs is blue-shifted by >100 nm than that in aqueous buffers. Compared with the commercial lipid droplet dye, TPE-AmAl demonstrates the advantages of low background, short staining time, high selectivity, excellent biocompatibility, and good photostability. The utilization of TPE-AmAl for LD staining in green algae is also demonstrated, indicating their potential application in the high-throughput screening of high-value microalgae as a preferential biofuel source.
Simulation and improvement of multi-product multi-stage processing system based on witness (2009)

This paper introduces the multi-product multi-stage production system's characteristics and the basic application of the witness, and then takes a precision instrument manufacturer as an example to detail the simulation process of a multi-product multi-stage production system. Through analyzing the results of the model to identify the bottlenecks of production system and the causes of the problems, then put forward some measures to ease the production problems, and by setting the model parameters to improve the multi-product multi-stage production system, so as to minimize the inventory of products; to ensure the delivery time, to improve production benefits.
COM and .NET Component Services: Migrating from COM+ to .NET (2001)

From the Publisher:
With COM & .NET Component Services, skilled COM developers can leverage their knowledge for the next generation of components to be built for Microsoft's new .NET framework. 
A primary goal of Microsoft's COM+ is to provide proven design solutions for scalable systems. Assuming experience with classic COM, COM & .NET Component Services focuses on the added services of COM+, including support for transactions, queued components, events, concurrency management, and security. Along the way, it ably demonstrates that COM+ is a masterpiece of design and usability from the ground uptruly a mature set of component services oriented for the middle tier. 
COM+ provides a foundation for robust, enterprise-wide, mission-critical distributed applications. And it's not limited to Internet applications. You can use COM+ services in the same places as classic COM components: in-house two-tier information systems, client-tier controls, desktop applications, machine control components, and every other conceivable application of COM. 
COM & .NET Component Services is the first book to stress the importance of learning to use COM+ services for both .NET and COM component-based applications. Since most companies have considerable investment in existing code base and development skills, COM+ can serve as a migration path for companies and developers. Companies can start (or continue) their projects in COM, using COM+ as a supporting platform for component services, and then when the time comes to move to .NET, they can start plugging .NET components seamlessly into the same architecture, reusing and interacting with their existing COMcomponents.
Resolution of myocardial phospholipase C into several forms with distinct properties (1983)

Phospholipase C activity capable of hydrolysing phosphatidylinositol in bovine heart was resolved into four forms (I-IV) by ion-exchange chromatography. Some of these forms could only be detected if the assay was performed at acidic pH (I and IV) or in the presence of deoxycholate (II). Gel-filtration chromatography indicated that the four forms had different molecular weights in the range 40000-120000. I, II and III all had pH optima in the range 4.5-5.5. However, the major form (III) also had substantial activity at pH 7.0 and above. The activities of I, II and III at pH 7.0 were stimulated by deoxycholate; this effect was most marked with I and II, which had very low activity at this pH. All forms of the enzyme were inhibited by EGTA and required 2-5 mM-CaCl2 for maximal activity. When the fractions eluted from the ion-exchange and gel-filtration columns were assayed with polyphosphoinositides as substrates there was a close correspondence to the elution profile obtained with phosphatidylinositol as substrate; there was no evidence for the existence in heart of phospholipase C activities specific for individual phosphoinositides.
[Analysis of compositions of the essential oil from Curcuma aromatica by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry]. (2012)

The main components are eucalyptol (53.86%), neocurdione (9.89%), linalool (4.24%), camphor (3.14%), alpha-terpineol (2.94%) and germacrone (2.89%).
Adsorption of Gases in Metal Organic Materials:  Comparison of Simulations and Experiments (2005)

Molecular simulations using standard force fields have been carried out to model the adsorption of various light gases on a number of different metal organic framework-type materials. The results have been compared with the available experimental data to test the validity of the model potentials. We observe good agreement between simulations and experiments for a number of different cases and very poor agreement in other cases. Possible reasons for the discrepancy in simulated and measured isotherms are discussed. We predict hydrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 and 298 K in a number of different metal organic framework materials. The importance of quantum diffraction effects and framework charges on the adsorption of hydrogen at 77 K is discussed. Our calculations indicate that at room temperature none of the materials that we have tested is able to meet the requirements for on-board hydrogen storage for fuel cell vehicles. We have calculated the volume available in a given sorbent at a specified adsorption energy (density of states). We discuss how this density of states can be used to assess the effectiveness of a sorbent material for hydrogen storage.
Effects of manual lymphatic drainage on breast cancer-related lymphedema: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2013)

The current evidence from RCTs does not support the use of MLD in preventing or treating lymphedema. However, clinical and statistical inconsistencies between the various studies confounded our evaluation of the effect of MLD on breast-cancer-related lymphedema.
Optimal electro-optic sensor configuration for phase noise limited, remote field sensing applications (2009)

Electro-optic (EO) sensors, used for the nonperturbative detection of electric fields, are typically configured to modulate an optical probe beam along a crystal direction in which the EO tensor coefficient is largest. However in fiber optic EO sensors, such configurations can be strongly limited by phase noise and cumbersome compensation optics. Our results demonstrate that a greater signal to noise ratio can be achieved by modulating along a crystal direction of low static birefringence, even when the active EO tensor coefficient is several times smaller.
Resting B cells from autoimmune lupus-prone New Zealand Black and (New Zealand Black x New Zealand White)F1 mice are hyper-responsive to T cell-derived stimuli (1997)

To determine whether B cells from New Zealand Black (NZB) and (New Zealand Black x New Zealand White)F1 (NZB/W) mice possess intrinsic defects that lead to altered immune responsiveness, we purified resting B cells from these mice and compared their surface phenotype and function with those of resting B cells isolated from BALB/c and DBA/2 nonautoimmune mouse strains. Flow cytometric analysis of freshly isolated resting B cells revealed that NZB and NZB/W resting B cells are conventional B2-type cells similar to their nonautoimmune counterparts. Despite this, resting B cells from young NZB and NZB/W mice express lower levels of CD23 on their surface and aberrant levels of intracellular IgM. Upon stimulation, resting B cells from young NZB and NZB/W mice demonstrate increased proliferation, IgM secretion, or enhanced expression of costimulatory molecules in response to a variety of different T cell-derived stimuli, including cytokines and signals generated through CD40. Therefore, B cell hyper-responsiveness to T cell stimuli is immunodominant or codominant in NZB/W mice. Taken together, our results suggest that intrinsic B cell hyper-responsiveness may play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease in NZB and NZB/W mice. The increased clonal expansion of these B cells together with increased Ig production and enhanced costimulatory capacity serve to amplify the immune response. In the context of normal but incomplete T cell tolerance, B cell hyperresponsiveness to the limited signals provided by partially tolerant T cells may be sufficient to yield an autoantibody response.