gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuclear factor TDP‐43 can affect selected microRNA levels (2010)

TDP-43 has recently been described as the major component of the inclusions found in the brain of patients with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, such as frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. TDP-43 is a ubiquitous protein whose specific functions are probably crucial to establishing its pathogenic role. Apart from its involvement in transcription, splicing and mRNA stability, TDP-43 has also been described as a Drosha-associated protein. However, our knowledge of the role of TDP-43 in the microRNA (miRNA) synthesis pathway is limited to the association mentioned above. Here we report for the first time which changes occur in the total miRNA population following TDP-43 knockdown in culture cells. In particular, we have observed that let-7b and miR-663 expression levels are down- and upregulated, respectively. Interestingly, both miRNAs are capable of binding directly to TDP-43 in different positions: within the miRNA sequence itself (let-7b) or in the hairpin precursor (miR-663). Using microarray data and real-time PCR we have also identified several candidate transcripts whose expression levels are selectively affected by these TDP-43-miRNA interactions.
Use of tritiated methylborane in the synthesis of labelled primary amines (1991)

Abstract Tritiated methylborane prepared from tritium gas and methaneboronic acid was used to prepare [2‐H 3 ]‐trans‐2‐phenylcyclopentylamine from 1‐phenylcyclopentene with a high specific activity (26Ci/mmol) in 20–40% yield.
Application of the Morse Potential Function to Cubic Metals (1959)

The Morse parameters were calculated using experimental values for the energy of vaporization, the lattice constant, and the compressibility. The equation of state and the elastic constants which were computed using the Morse parameters, agreed with experiment for both face-centered and body-centered cubic metals. All stability conditions were also satisfied for both the face-centered and the body-centered metals. This shows that the Morse function can be applied validly to problems involving any type of deformation of the cubic metals.
An information theoretic framework for image segmentation (2005)

In this paper, an information theoretic framework for image segmentation is presented. This approach is based on the information channel that goes from the image intensity histogram to the regions of the partitioned image. It allows us to define a new family of segmentation methods which maximize the mutual information of the channel. Firstly, a greedy top-down algorithm which partitions an image into homogeneous regions is introduced. Secondly, a histogram quantization algorithm which clusters color bins in a greedy bottom-up way is defined. Finally, the resulting regions in the partitioning algorithm can optionally be merged using the quantized histogram.
Current State of the Field (1995)

In cognitive science, artificial intelligence, psychology, and education, a growing body of research supports the view that the learning process is strongly influenced by the learner's goals. The fundamental tenet of goal-driven learning is that learning is largely an active and strategic process in which the learner, human or machine, attempts to identify and satisfy its information needs in the context of its tasks and goals, its prior knowledge, its capabilities, and environmental opportunities for learning. This book brings together a diversity of research on goal-driven learning to establish a broad, interdisciplinary framework that describes the goal-driven learning process. It collects and solidifies existing results on this important issue in machine and human learning and presents a theoretical framework for future investigations.The book opens with an an overview of goal-driven learning research and computational and cognitive models of the goal-driven learning process. This introduction is followed by a collection of fourteen recent research articles addressing fundamental issues of the field, including psychological and functional arguments for modeling learning as a deliberative, planful process; experimental evaluation of the benefits of utility-based analysis to guide decisions about what to learn; case studies of computational models in which learning is driven by reasoning about learning goals; psychological evidence for human goal-driven learning; and the ramifications of goal-driven learning in educational contexts.The second part of the book presents six position papers reflecting ongoing research and current issues in goal-driven learning. Issues discussed include methods for pursuing psychological studies of goal-driven learning, frameworks for the design of active and multistrategy learning systems, and methods for selecting and balancing the goals that drive learning.A Bradford Book
PRODUCCIÓN SOSTENIBLE DE FRUCTOOLIGOSACÁRIDOS A PARTIR DE LA SACAROSA USANDO ENZIMA FRUCTOSILTRANSFERASA RECOMBINANTE (2016)

Este trabajo presenta el desarrollo de un biocatalizador no fungico que convierte la sacarosa de forma eficiente en fructooligosacaridos de cadena corta, en particular  1-kestosa (GF2). La enzima seleccionada es la  sacarosa:sacarosa                           1-fructosiltransferasa (1-SSTrec) de origen vegetal expresada constitutivamente a niveles altos en Pichia pastoris. Despues de una fermentacion en cultivo incrementado, la enzima recombinante es recobrada del sobrenadante de cultivo con pureza superior al 75 % a traves de una etapa de ultrafiltracion-concentracion, para posteriormente ser liofilizada. La reaccion de la enzima libre a altas concentraciones de sacarosa (600-800 g/L) ocurre en un reactor tanque agitado para producir 1-kestosa, la cual representa mas del 50% de los azucares totales en la mezcla de reaccion. Esta mezcla puede ser separada y refinada por diferentes tecnologias existentes en industrias de los derivados de la cana de azucar para obtener fructooligosacaridos de alta pureza, los que son muy demandados en las industrias farmaceuticas y de alimentos funcionales.
Changing Pattern of Human Listeriosis, England and Wales, 2001–2004 (2006)

Microbiologic and epidemiologic data on 1,933 cases of human listeriosis reported in England and Wales from 1990 to 2004 were reviewed. A substantial increase in incidence occurred from 2001 to 2004. Ten clusters (60 cases), likely to represent common-source outbreaks, were detected. However, these clusters did not account for the upsurge in incidence, which occurred sporadically, predominantly in patients > or =60 years of age with bacteremia and which was independent of sex; regional, seasonal, ethnic, or socioeconomic differences; underlying conditions; or Listeria monocytogenes subtype. The reasons for the increase are not known, but since multiple L. monocytogenes strains were responsible, this upsurge is unlikely to be due to a common-source outbreak. In the absence of risk factors for listeriosis in this emerging at-risk sector of the population, dietary advice on avoiding high-risk foods should be provided routinely to the elderly and immunocompromised, not just to pregnant women.
The Garbage Collection Handbook (2011)

Published in 1996, Richard Jones’s Garbage Collection was a milestone in the area of automatic memory management. The field has grown considerably since then, sparking a need for an updated look at the latest state-of-the-art developments. The Garbage Collection Handbook: The Art of Automatic Memory Management brings together a wealth of knowledge gathered by automatic memory management researchers and developers over the past fifty years. The authors compare the most important approaches and state-of-the-art techniques in a single, accessible framework. The book addresses new challenges to garbage collection made by recent advances in hardware and software. It explores the consequences of these changes for designers and implementers of high performance garbage collectors. Along with simple and traditional algorithms, the book covers parallel, incremental, concurrent, and real-time garbage collection. Algorithms and concepts are often described with pseudocode and illustrations. The nearly universal adoption of garbage collection by modern programming languages makes a thorough understanding of this topic essential for any programmer. This authoritative handbook gives expert insight on how different collectors work as well as the various issues currently facing garbage collectors. Armed with this knowledge, programmers can confidently select and configure the many choices of garbage collectors. Web ResourceThe book’s online bibliographic database at www.gchandbook.org includes over 2,500 garbage collection-related publications. Continually updated, it contains abstracts for some entries and URLs or DOIs for most of the electronically available ones. The database can be searched online or downloaded as BibTeX, PostScript, or PDF. E-bookThis edition enhances the print version with copious clickable links to algorithms, figures, original papers and definitions of technical terms. In addition, each index entry links back to where it was mentioned in the text, and each entry in the bibliography includes links back to where it was cited.
A Rapid Method for Obtaining Leaf Impressions in Grasses<sup>1</sup> (1979)

Abstract Most leaf impression methods described in the literature are time‐consuming and unsatisfactory for use on ribbed or pubescent grass leaves. We have developed a rapid method to make leaf impressions in grasses. A vinyl solution is applied to the leaf surface with a camel‐hair brush and allowed to dry. A strip of transparent tape with adversive on both sides is attached to a microscope slide. The slide is applied to the leaf with the tape in contact with the vinyl film. The other leaf surface is rubbed to insure good contact between the tape and vinyl. The impression is then slowly lifted off with the slide. After a cover slip is applied, the impression can be viewed immediately or stored for an extended period of time.
A dual-plane co-RASOR technique for accurate and rapid tracking and position verification of an Ir-192 source for single fraction HDR brachytherapy (2013)

Effective high-dose-rate (HDR) treatment requires accurate and independent treatment verification to ensure that the treatment proceeds as prescribed, in particular if a high dose is given, as in single fraction therapy. Contrary to CT imaging and fluoroscopy, MR imaging provides high soft tissue contrast. Conventional MR techniques, however, do not offer the temporal resolution in combination with the 3D spatial resolution required for accurate brachytherapy source localization. We have developed an MR imaging method (center-out RAdial Sampling with Off-Resonance (co-RASOR)) that generates high positive contrast in the geometrical center of field perturbing objects, such as HDR brachytherapy sources. co-RASOR generates high positive contrast in the geometric center of an Ir-192 source by applying a frequency offset to center-out encoded data. To obtain high spatial accuracy in 3D with adequate temporal resolution, two orthogonal center-out encoded 2D images are applied instead of a full 3D acquisition. Its accuracy in 3D is demonstrated by 3D MRI and CT. The 2D images show high positive contrast in the geometric center of non-radioactive Ir-192 sources, with signal intensities up to 160% of the average signal intensity in the surrounding medium. The accuracy with which the center of the Ir-192 source is located by the dual-plane MRI acquisition corresponds closely to the accuracy obtained by 3D MRI and CT imaging. The positive contrast is shown to be obtained in homogeneous and in heterogeneous tissue. The dual-plane MRI technique allows the brachytherapy source to be tracked in 3D with millimeter accuracy with a temporal resolution of approximately 4 s.
Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zur Verbesserung der Pfanne der ESKA-Hüftendoprothese durch die Gleitpaarung Keramik/Keramik - Design Consideration to Improve the Acetabular Cup of the ESKA-THR System by Using the Wear Couple Ceramic-on-Ceramic (1996)

Since 1987, cementless THR acetabular components with coarsely reticulate surfaces (S&G, ESKA) have been implanted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Alfried Krupp Hospital in Essen. By 31st December 1995, 590 of these components had been implanted. Follow-up of the first 51 of these completely cement free THRs revealed loosening in an only single case (2%). Despite these good medium-term results, however, it must be expected that over a ten-year period, the life of the THR will decrease, the probable reason being increasing debris caused by polyethylene (PE) wear leading to aseptic loosening. An alternative to the PE/ceramic system of opposing materials would be ceramic/ceramic. Experience to date has shown that the biological inertness of ceramic does not allow ingrowth and bony integration to take place. Against this background an acetabular component employing a metal backing with the 3-dimensional reticulate surface mentioned above and a Biolox ceramic cup insert articulating with a Biolox ceramic femoral head was designed. The result is a cement free modular THR with optimal bony integration properties and articulating surfaces. To investigate the superiority of this new concept, a comparative study involving two groups of 50 patients each, one group receiving the PE/ceramic system, the other the new ceramic/ceramic system, has been initiated.
Partitioning inversion of a bimodal polymer solution in confined geometries (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPartitioning inversion of a bimodal polymer solution in confined geometriesIwao Teraoka, Ziming Zhou, Kenneth H. Langley, and Frank E. KaraszCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 12, 3223–3226Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00064a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00064a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Navigation meshes for realistic multi-layered environments (2011)

Virtual characters often need to plan visually convincing paths through a complicated environment. For example, a traveler may need to walk from an airport entrance to a staircase, descend the staircase, walk to a shuttle, ride the shuttle to a destination, ride an elevator back to the ground floor, and finally move on the ground floor again to reach the desired airplane. Most previous research only supports path planning in a single plane because the underlying data structures are two-dimensional. The goal of this paper is to permit visually convincing paths to be efficiently computed in a multi-layered environment such as an airport or a multi-storey building. We describe an algorithm to create a navigation mesh, and our implementation demonstrates the feasibility of the approach. A multi-layered environment is represented by a set of two dimensional layers and a set of connections. Each layer is a collection of two-dimensional polygons that all lie in a single plane, and each connection provides a means of moving between layers. We first compute the traditional medial axis of each two dimensional layer in the environment. The connections are then used to iteratively merge this collection of medial axes into a single data structure. By adding a linear number of line segments to this structure, we obtain a navigation mesh that mathematically describes the walkable areas in a multi layered environment. This mesh can easily be input into existing planners to generate visually convincing paths for thousands of virtual characters in real-time.
Variables Sampling Plans for Weibull Distributed Lifetimes Under Sudden Death Testing (2006)

Sudden death testing can be utilized for deciding upon the lot acceptance of manufactured parts. Variables single, and double sampling plans are proposed for the lot acceptance of parts whose life follows a Weibull distribution with known shape parameter. The proposed plans are different from the existing ones in that the lot acceptance criteria do not depend on the estimated scale parameter. Design parameters of both sampling plans are determined by using the usual two-point approach. The number of groups is determined independently of the group size, and even independently of the shape parameter. Also, the double sampling plan can reduce the average number of groups required. The effects of mis-specification of the shape parameter on the probability of accepting the lots under the single sampling plan are analyzed & discussed.
Resilient Distributed Computing (1984)

A control abstraction called atomic action is a powerful general mechanism for ensuring consistent behavior of a system in spite of failures of individual computations running in the system, and in spite of system crashes. However, because of the ``all-or-nothing'' property of atomic actions, an important amount of work might be abandoned needlessly when an internal error is encountered. This paper discusses how implementation of resilient distributed systems can be supported using a combination of nested atomic actions and stable checkpoints. Nested atomic actions form a tree structure. When an internal atomic action terminates, its results are not made permanent until the outermost atomic action commits, but they survive local node failures. Each subtree of atomic actions is recoverable individually. A checkpoint is established in stable storage as part of a remote request so that results of such a request can be reclaimed if the requesting node fails in the meantime, The paper shows how remote procedure call primitives with ``at-most-once'' semantics and recovery blocks can be built with these mechanisms.
Photonic band structure of highly deformable self-assembling systems (2001)

We calculate the photonic band structure at normal incidence of highly deformable, self-assembling systems-cholesteric elastomers subjected to external stress. Cholesteric elastomers display brilliantly colored reflections and lasing owing to gaps in their photonic band structure. This band structure has been shown to vary sensitively with strain in both theory and experiment. New gaps open up and all gaps shift in frequency. We predict a different "total" band gap for all polarizations in the vicinity of the previously observed de Vries band gap, which is only for one polarization.
Iron-EHPG as an Hepatobiliary MR Contrast Agent (1985)

The paramagnetic metal complex iron(III) ethylenebis-(2-hydroxyphenylglycine) [Fe(EHPG)-] is an effective hepatobiliary contrast agent for liver enhancement in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The intravenous administration of 0.2 mmol/kg of Fe(EHPG)- to rats yields a 200% increase in the signal intensity of the liver when using a T1-weighted inversion recovery pulse sequence on a 1.4 T imaging system. Biodistribution studies in rats and a rabbit, along with imaging studies in a dog at 0.6 T, confirm that the complex has significant hepatocellular uptake and appears to be excreted unaltered into the bile. Control experiments with a different iron complex, iron(III) diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, reveal little hepatic affinity and poor enhancement capability due to its extracellular distribution. This initial evaluation of Fe(EHPG)- demonstrates that paramagnetic metal complexes with hepatobiliary specificity are well suited for enhancement of normal liver parenchyma and may increase the sensitivity of MR in the detection of liver disease.
A new three-way supramolecular switch based on redox-controlled interconversion of hetero- and homo-guest-pair inclusion inside a host molecule (2008)

A novel three-way supramolecular switch based on the interconversion of hetero-guest-pair (D-A) and homo-guest-pair (D(2) or A(2)) inclusion inside cucurbit[8]uril is reported, which can be selectively controlled by chemical or electrochemical stimuli.
The Allocation of Gas Well Production Data Using Isotope Analysis (1998)

Abstract Geochemistry, specifically gas chromatography and isotope analysis, offers a solution to the problem of properly allocating gas production to specific reservoirs when more than one formation is commingled in a well. Current allocation methods involving zone isolation are limited because the commingled flow rates obtained on the surface are not necessarily representative of actual individual formation contributions. The proposed solution to this problem was the derivation of three models that accounts for variable isotope and composition characteristics, while also providing a trend in which all such data could be correlated. Isotope analysis in this application involves obtaining the geochemical "fingerprint" of a natural gas sample using detailed chemical and isotopic characteristics of the gas sample.1 From these models, it is possible to determine a commingled production allocation from calculated isotope data, given only the gas chromatography results, specifically the composition and specific gravity of a given sample. This approach will permit adjusting the commingled production allocations over the life of the well under changing reservoir conditions. Once each13C endmember is established, the fingerprint remains constant for the life of the well. Early data suggests that the use of isotope analysis to determine production allocations should produce accurate results once a calibration technique is established
Interaction of <scp>L</scp>-3,4-<b>d</b>ihydroxyphenylalanin (<scp>L</scp>-DOPA) as a coordinating ligand with a series of metal ions; reaction of <scp>L</scp>-DOPA (2007)

L-DOPA is an important neurotransmitter that is found in the brain and as a hormone in the circulatory system. We report in this article the similarities and differences in behaviour of this important neurotransmitter as a chelating agent among some divalent and trivalent metal ions using potentiometric titration in aqueous solutions at 25.0 ± 1.0°C. The careful and detailed potentiometric titrations of L-DOPA with Al3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ are discussed and compared. UV-Vis-spectroscopy is utilized for both the free L-DOPA and for the Fe3+/L-DOPA system. The characteristic peak due to the π → π* transition of the free L-DOPA at ∼280 nm (ε280 nm = 1927 ± 65 M−1 cm−1 between pH values of 2.0 to 3.0) disappeared when the iron solution was added to the L-DOPA sample in the same pH range. For the Fe3+/L-DOPA system we have observed a new peak at 470 nm with ε470 = 800 ± 50 M−1 cm−1. These comparison studies of the similarities and differences among these di- and tri-valent metal ions shed light on these systems in aqueous solutions. The appropriate metal simulation and speciation diagrams were constructed using the model that fit the titration data points.