gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and crystal structure of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-octahydro-2,2,5,5,8,8-hexamethyl-1H-benzo[1,2-c:3,4-c':5,6-c"]tripyrrolium tribromide dihydrate, C18H30N33+.cntdot.3Br-.2H2O (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and crystal structure of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-octahydro-2,2,5,5,8,8-hexamethyl-1H-benzo[1,2-c:3,4-c':5,6-c"]tripyrrolium tribromide dihydrate, C18H30N33+.cntdot.3Br-.2H2OJulius Ciric, Stephen L. Lawton, George T. Kokotailo, and Gary W. GriffinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 7, 2173–2175Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00475a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00475a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus co‐infection in sub‐Saharan Africa: a call for further investigation (2005)

A growing body of evidence indicates that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals are more likely to be infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) than HIV-negative individuals, possibly as a result of shared risk factors. There is also evidence that HIV-positive individuals who are subsequently infected with HBV are more likely to become HBV chronic carriers, have a high HBV replication rate, and remain hepatitis Be antigen positive for a much longer period. In addition, it is evident that immunosuppression brought about by HIV infection may cause reactivation or reinfection in those previously exposed to HBV. Furthermore, HIV infection exacerbates liver disease in HBV co-infected individuals, and there is an even greater risk of liver disease when HIV and HBV co-infected patients are treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Complicating matters further, there have been several reports linking HIV infection to 'sero-silent' HBV infections, which presents serious problems for diagnosis, prevention, and control. In sub-Saharan Africa, where both HIV and HBV are endemic, little is known about the burden of co-infection and the interaction between these two viruses. This paper reviews studies that have investigated HIV and HBV co-infection in sub-Saharan Africa, against a backdrop of what is currently known about the interactions between these two viruses.
Common Principal Components in <i>k</i> Groups (1984)

Abstract This article generalizes the method of principal components to so-called “common principal components” as follows: Consider the hypothesis that the covariance matrices Σ i for k populations are simultaneously diagonalizable. That is, there is an orthogonal matrix β such that β' Σ i β is diagonal for i = 1, …, k. I derive the normal-theory maximum likelihood estimates of the common component Σ i matrices and the log-likelihood-ratio statistics for testing this hypothesis. The solution has some favorable properties that do not depend on normality assumptions. Numerical examples illustrate the method. Applications to data reduction, multiple regression, and nonlinear discriminant analysis are sketched.
An improved quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of tumor specific mutant proteins at high sensitivity (2012)

New disease specific biomarkers, especially for cancer, are urgently needed to improve individual diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment selection, that is, for personalized medicine. Genetic mutations that affect protein function drive cancer. Therefore, the detection of such mutations represents a source of cancer specific biomarkers. Here we confirm the implementation of the mutant protein specific immuno-SRM (where SRM is selective reaction monitoring) mass spectrometry method of RAS proteins reported by Wang et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2011, 108, 2444-2449], which exploits an antibody to simultaneously capture the different forms of the target protein and the resolving power and sensitivity of LC-MS/MS and improve the technique by using a more sensitive mass spectrometer. The mutant form G12D was quantified by SRM on a QTRAP 5500 mass spectrometer and the MIDAS workflow was used to confirm the sequence of the targeted peptides. This assay has been applied to quantify wild type and mutant RAS proteins in patient tumors, xenografted human tissue, and benign human epidermal tumors at high sensitivity. The limit of detection for the target proteins was as low as 12 amol (0.25 pg). It requires low starting amounts of tissue (ca.15 mg) that could be obtained from a needle aspiration biopsy. The described strategy could find application in the clinical arena and be applied to the study of expression of protein variants in disease.
Simulation of Compression Molding for Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Polymers (1984)

A model is presented for the flow, heat transfer, and curing that occurs during compression molding of reinforced thermoset polymers. The model applies to thin parts with slowly varying thickness and arbitrary planar geometry. Non-Newtonian fluid behavior, temperature dependent viscosity, and the heat liberated by curing are all rigorously accounted for. A finite element computer program implementing the model for isothermal Newtonian and power law fluids has been written, and some sample results are given. Unique features of the simulation allow it to run without operator interaction. Comparison with experiments shows that the isothermal models accurately predict deformations of non-Newtonian and nonisothermal materials such as sheet molding compound. Limitations of the model with regard to part thickness and the rheological properties of the molding compound are discussed.
Color histogram correction for panoramic images (2002)

Colors need to be corrected to minimize the discrepancy in the appearance of adjacent images such as in the applications of panoramic images. In this paper, we proposed a color correction technique that constructs a mapping from the registered overlapped regions based on a color histogram. Since the color histogram can reflect the overall color distribution, experiments prove that it can efficiently correct the color difference between the two overlapping images.
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry of polymers in the mass range 500-10000 (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTime-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry of polymers in the mass range 500-10000Ioannis V. Bletsos, David M. Hercules, Dieter. VanLeyen, and Alfred. BenninghovenCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 2, 407–413Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00168a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00168a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views284Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optical parametric oscillation with intracavity difference-frequency mixing (1995)

We report the theoretical analysis of an optical parametric oscillator that contains an intracavity crystal that generates the difference frequency between the signal and the idler produced by the optical parametric oscillator crystal. Phase mismatch in the difference-frequency mixer is considered. The cavity is singly resonant at the signal frequency. We find that high conversion efficiency of the difference and idler frequencies can be achieved over a large dynamic range of the incident pump intensity. A physical example that produces 3.192 μm from a 1.064-μm pump laser is predicted to produce 97.5% quantum efficiency in one polarization component and 197% quantum efficiency in the orthogonal-polarization component for a total power conversion efficiency of 98.2%.
1A1-D12 Hand posture estimation for mimicking human motions in robot hand (2006)

The hand posture estimation system by searching a similar image from a vast database, such as our previous research, may cause the increase of processing time, and prevent realtime controlling of a robot. In this study, the authors proposed a new estimation method of human hand posture by rearranging a large-scale database with the Self-Organizing Map including self-reproduction and self-annihilation, which enables two-step searches of similar image with short period of processing time, within small errors, and without deviation of search time. The experimental results showed that our the system exhibited good performance with high accuracy within processing time above 150 fps for each image input with a 2.8GHz CPU PC.
SPECT Brain Perfusion Abnormalities in Mild or Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury (1998)

The purpose of this atlas is to present a review of the literature showing the advantages of SPECT brain perfusion imaging (BPI) in mild or moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) over other morphologic imaging modalities such as x-ray CT or MRI. The authors also present the technical recommendations for SPECT brain perfusion currently practiced at their center. For the radiopharmaceutical of choice, a comparison between early and delayed images using Tc-99m HMPAO and Tc-99m ECD showed that Tc-99m HMPAO is more stable in the brain with no washout over time. Therefore, the authors feel that Tc-99m HMPAO is preferable to Tc-99m ECD. Recommendations regarding standardizing intravenous injection, the acquisition, processing parameters, and interpretation of scans using a ten grade color scale, and use of the cerebellum as the reference organ are presented. SPECT images of 228 patients (age range, 11 to 88; mean, 40.8 years) with mild or moderate TBI and no significant medical history that interfered with the results of the SPECT BP were reviewed. The etiology of the trauma was in the following order of frequency: motor vehicle accidents (45%) followed by blow to the head (36%) and a fall (19%). Frequency of the symptoms was headache (60.9%), memory problems (27.6%), dizziness (26.7%), and sleep disorders (8.7%). Comparison between patients imaged early (<3 months) versus those imaged delayed (>3 months) from the time of the accident, showed that early imaging detected more lesions (4.2 abnormal lesions per study compared to 2.7 in those imaged more than 3 months after the accident). Of 41 patients who had mild traumatic injury without loss of consciousness and had normal CT, 28 studies were abnormal. Focal areas of hypoperfusion were seen in 77% (176 patients, 612 lesions) of the group of 228 patients. The sites of abnormalities were in the following order: basal ganglia and thalami, 55.2%, frontal lobes, 23.8%, temporal lobes, 13%, parietal, 3.7%, insular and occipital lobes together, 4.6%.
A potent antibacterial protein in royal jelly. Purification and determination of the primary structure of royalisin. (1990)

A new potent antibacterial protein, for which we propose the name royalisin, was found in royal jelly of the honeybee Apis mellifera L. and purified to homogeneity for the first time by acid extraction, gel filtration, and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The primary structure of royalisin was determined to consist of 51 residues, with three intramolecular disulfide linkages, having a calculated molecular mass of 5523 Da. Royalisin is an amphipathic protein, with the C-terminal half of the molecule being rich in charged amino acids; and it showed extensive sequence homology to two other antibacterial proteins, sapecin from embryonic Sarcophaga peregrina cells and phormicins from Phormia terranovae larvae. Royalisin was found to have potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria at low concentrations, but not against Gram-negative bacteria. Royalisin may be involved in a defense system active against bacterial invasion of the honeybee.
Ejectment -- Common Source Rule -- Surface and Mineral Rights (1938)

As there is considerable conflict among the different jurisdictions as to the elements of ownership necessary to maintain an action of ejectment, this note is confined largely to the rule prevailing in North Carolina.
Finding enveloping grasps by matching continuous surfaces (2011)

This paper presents a new method to compute enveloping grasps with a multi-fingered robotic hand. The method is guided by the idea that a good grasp should maximize the contact surface between the held object and the hand's palmar surface. Starting from a given hand pregrasp configuration, the proposed method finds the hand poses that maximize this surface similarity. We use a surface descriptor that is based on a geodesic measure and on a continuous representation of the surfaces, unlike previous shape matching methods that rely on the Euclidean distance and/or discrete representation (e.g. random point set). Using geodesic contours to describe local surfaces enables us to detect details such as a handle or a thin part. Once the surface matching returns a set of hand poses, sorted by similarity, a second step is performed to adjust the hand configuration with the purpose of eliminating penetration of the object. Lastly, the grasp stability is tested in order to definitely validate the candidate grasps.
Performance comparison of property map and bitmap indexing (2002)

A data warehouse is a collection of data from different sources that supports analytical querying. A Bitmap Index (BI) allows fast access to individual attribute values that are needed to answer a query by representing the values of an attribute for all tuples separately, as bit strings. A Property Map (PMap) is a multidimensional indexing technique that pre-computes attribute expressions, called properties, for each tuple and stores the results as bit strings [DD97, LD02]. This paper compares the performance of the PMap and the Range-Encoded Bit-Sliced Index (REBSI) [CI98] using cost models to simulate their storage and query processing costs for different kinds of queries over a benchmark schema. We identify parameters that affect performance of these indexes and determine situations in which either technique gives significant improvement over the other. We also explore ways to improve PMap design to enhance performance.
Barriers to the Use of Assistive Devices in Patient Handling (2017)

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) are a major safety concern in today's health care environment due to the manual lifting of patients with higher acuity levels and obesity. Nurses move patients multiple times each day, incurring cumulative stress and trauma resulting in chronic pain and potential injury. The purpose of this study was to assess barriers to the use of assistive devices in safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) that contribute to WMSD in health care workers. Interpersonal, situational, organizational, and environmental influences have both direct and indirect effects on workers' commitment to use, or their actual likelihood of using, assistive devices. This study confirmed that time constraints contribute to fewer instances of assistive device use. Comprehensive ergonomic programs are needed to promote staff and patient safety. By providing safe environments for health care workers who engage in patient handling and mobility, the risk of injury can be significantly reduced.
Design and implementation of interrupt packaging mechanism (2003)

As the amount of data transferred between the main processing unit and peripheral devices increases, the frequency of interrupts from peripheral devices also increases. Thus, the efficiency of interrupt handling is one of the key issues that must be addressed to realize high performance computing environments. In conventional interrupt mechanisms, an interrupt handler consists of three parts: a pre-processing routine, a main-handler routine and a postprocessing routine. During a pre-processing routine, all register values are pushed to a stack, and values of the interrupt controller are changed so that the main-handler routine can execute with registers in a given interrupt priority. During a post-processing routine, values of interrupt controller are restored, and all register values are popped from the stack. The more interrupts occur, the more preprocessing and post-processing routine overhead must be tolerated In order to reduce interrupt overhead, we propose an interrupt packaging mechanism that packages main handlers of a series of interrupts and reduces the overhead of pre/post-processing. We have designed and implemented the interrupt packaging mechanism for interrupts from a Myrinet NIC (network interface card). In our evaluation, we have improved system performance by 6.07%.
Electrocardiogram Measurement during Sleep with Wearing Clothes Using Capacitively-Coupled Electrodes (2007)

The electrocardiogram (ECG) was measured by non-contact, non-restraint and unconscious method using capacitively-coupled electrodes made of electro-conductive cloth while subjects lay on bed wearing their clothes. These electrodes are very sensitive so measure not only signals but noise. The seat grounded, which arranged under the electrode could suppress noise. Two types of electrode different in length were used, that is long type and short type. Results showed that both electrodes could sense ECG. Noise generated from e.g. commercial power source was almost the same for both electrodes though the length of electrode was longer than the subject for the long type electrode. Setting position was rather serious and noise component changed greatly by the part of body that touches the electrode. Next, ECG was measured on these condition participants lay with supine position, prone position, right lateral position and left lateral position. The ECG was measured on each condition.
Diffuse leiomyomatosis associated with X-linked Alport syndrome: extracellular matrix study using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. (1997)

Inherited diffuse esophageal leiomyomatosis a benign tumor involving smooth muscle cells of the whole esophagus, is frequently associated with X-linked Alport syndrome, a hereditary disease of type IV collagen. Families with this condition are consistently found to have deletions encompassing the 5' ends of both the alpha 5 chain of type IV collagen (COL4A5) and the alpha 6 chain of type IV collagen (COL4A6) genes, always limited in COL4A6 to exons 1', 1, and 2. On the contrary, patients with COL4A5/COL4A6 deletions extending further into COL4A6 display no such tumors. Despite the deletion, a COL4A6 transcript including exon 4, but not exon 3, was found in a tumor sample, raising the possibility of the involvement of a truncated alpha 6(IV) chain in the tumorous process. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization methods, we analyzed the expression and distribution of the alpha 6 chain of type IV collagen in tumors in comparison with that of normal, fetal, and mature esophagus. We also studied associated changes in tumor basement membrane composition and in tumor-cell integrin subunit distribution. No labeling with alpha 6(IV) antibodies was detected in tumors, ruling out the hypothesis of a stably integrated truncated alpha 6(IV) chain in tumor basement membranes. In contrast, despite the deletions of the first two exons of the gene and its 5' end, a COL4A6 transcript is clearly expressed by tumor cells. This finding raises the question of a potential role for this RNA in the tumor process. The absence of the alpha 6(IV) chain is associated with the absence of the alpha 5(IV) chain, as was suggested by the COL4A5 deletion. An additional striking feature is the absence of the beta 1 chain of laminin in tumor basement membranes and the lack of or uneven expression of the alpha 5 integrin subunit. These findings show that dramatic changes in the composition of the matrix and the expression of integrin receptors also occur in this benign tumorous process.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL REARRANGEMENT OF 2,5‐DIPHENYL‐3(2H)‐FURANONE (1976)

Abstract Bei der Photolyse erhält man aus dem 2,5‐Diphenyl‐3(2H)‐furanon (I) in sehr hoher Ausbeute das 4,5‐Diphenyl‐2(5H)‐furanon (II).
Electrolyte Additives for Lithium Metal Anodes and Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries: Progress and Perspectives (2018)

Lithium metal (Li<sup>0</sup> ) rechargeable batteries (LMBs), such as systems with a Li<sup>0</sup> anode and intercalation and/or conversion type cathode, lithium-sulfur (Li-S), and lithium-oxygen (O<sub>2</sub> )/air (Li-O<sub>2</sub> /air) batteries, are becoming increasingly important for electrifying the modern transportation system, with the aim of sustainable mobility. Although some rechargeable LMBs (e.g. Li<sup>0</sup> /LiFePO<sub>4</sub> batteries from Bolloré Bluecar, Li-S batteries from OXIS Energy and Sion Power) are already commercially viable in niche applications, their large-scale deployment is hampered by a number of formidable challenges, including growth of lithium dendrites, electrolyte instability towards high voltage intercalation-type cathodes, the poor electronic and ionic conductivities of sulfur (S<sub>8</sub> ) and O<sub>2</sub> , as well as their corresponding reduction products (e.g. Li<sub>2</sub> S and Li<sub>2</sub> O), dissolution, and shuttling of polysulfide (PS) intermediates. This leads to a short lifecycle, low coulombic/energy efficiency, poor safety, and a high self-discharge rate. The use of electrolyte additives is considered one of the most economical and effective approaches for circumventing these problems. This Review gives an overview of the various functional additives that are being applied and aims to stimulate new avenues for the practical realization of these appealing devices.