gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-assembled monolayer resist for atomic layer deposition of HfO2 and ZrO2 high-κ gate dielectrics (2004)

A molecular layer resist for HfO2 and ZrO2 atomic layer deposition (ALD) was demonstrated by using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy indicated that silicon samples terminated with octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) were deactivated with respect to subsequent ALD of metal oxide gate dielectrics, under conditions in which standard chemical oxide passivated substrates are highly effective templates for ALD film growth. A time-dependent investigation of SAM formation showed that the efficiency of deactivation depends strongly on the quality of the SAMs, with a high-quality, closely packed ODTS film crucial for achieving complete blocking of the HfO2 and ZrO2 ALD process.
Premature Infants in Car Seats (1985)

Advancements in health care have made it possible for many premature infants weighing less than 2.2 kg (5 lb) to be discharged from the hospital. Medical professionals, however, have no information available from which to make recommendations on which child safety seats are most appropriate for safely transporting the low-birth-weight infant. Current federal safety standards do not specify the minimum weight of an infant for which a seat is appropriate. The suitability of various types of infant car safety seats for premature infants was documented by placing 2.0-kg (4 lb 8 oz) babies in a representative sample of seat models. Ease and ability of the seat to fit the size of the infant and allow for proper positioning of the baby was noted. Each seat was measured from the seat back to crotch strap and shoulder strap to seat bottom to provide a basis for comparison of various seat models. Convertible seats with seat back to crotch strap height of 14 cm (5½ in) or less provided relatively good support for the infant. Seats with longer seat back to crotch strap distances allowed the infant to slouch. Seats with lap pads or shields were uniformly unacceptable.
Strained Silicon Heterostructures: materials and devices (2001)

This book comprehensively covers the areas of materials growth, characterisation and descriptions for the new devices in silicon heterostructure material systems. In recent years, the development of powerful epitaxial growth techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), ultra-high vacuum chemical vapour deposition (UHVCVD) and other low temperature epitaxy techniques has given rise to a new area of research of bandgap engineering in silicon-based materials. This has paved the way not only for heterojunction bipolar and field effect transistors, but also for other fascinating novel quantum devices. This book provides an excellent introduction and valuable references for postgraduate students and research scientists
Biomimetic Hydrogels with Immobilized EphrinA1 for Therapeutic Angiogenesis (2011)

The formation of a microvasculature is regulated in large part by cell-cell interactions. Ephrins and their Eph receptors mediate cell adhesion, repulsion, and migration, all critical processes in angiogenesis. (1) Here we use a covalently immobilized ephrinA1, conjugated to poly(ethylene glycol), to induce vessel formation both in vitro and in vivo in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tubulogenesis in matrix metalloproteinase-sensitive hydrogels was visualized from 6 h to 7 days in response to three different concentrations of PEG-ephrinA1. The deposition of extracellular matrix proteins collagen IV and laminin that stabilize tubule formation were imaged, quantified, and found to be dependent on PEG-ephrinA1 concentration. To confirm the importance of the EphA2-ephrinA1 interaction in tubule formation, soluble EphA2 was used to disrupt the EphA2-ephrinA1 interaction between a coculture of HUVEC and human brain vascular pericyte cells. HUVECs seeded onto PEGDA hydrogels displayed a dose-dependent reduction in tubule formation in response to the soluble EphA2. Finally, hydrogels with releasable platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), immobilized RGDS, and covalently immobilized PEG-ephrinA1 were implanted into the mouse cornea micropocket. These hydrogels induced a more robust vascular response with an increase in vessel density as compared with hydrogels with releasable PDGF alone. As such, PEG-ephrinA1 may represent a promising molecule to regulate cell adhesion and migration for formation of a microvasculature in tissue-engineered constructs.
Implementation of RNS Multiplication in VLSI (2005)

The implementation of RNS multiplication in technology is discussed in this paper. In environment the performance measures are area time, and the custom design approach is considered the main design philosophy. Three approaches have been analyzed for implementing modulo multipl iers; the look-up tahle, the modulo adder, and the systolic array. Within the rontext of this paper, the look-up table approach offers better performance in both area and time for the moduli up to 6 bits, while the modulo adder approach is perferable for the larger moduli. The systolic array approach offers regular layout, and it is superior in both area and time for very large modul i .
Compositional software synthesis of communicating processes (2003)

We describe a new compositional software synthesis method for synthesizing concurrent software programs into ordinary C programs so that they can be executed on embedded processors without the need for a run-time multitasking operating system. The synthesized C program can be readily retargeted to different processors using available optimizing C compilers. The method works by transforming the initial input specification into a set of interacting Petri net components. It then applies a quasi-static scheduling method on each Petri net component to produce a corresponding state machine model. The resulting set of interacting state machines are then mapped into a single C program, which can finally be compiled to native machine code via conventional C compilers. In the degenerate case, each process in the initial input specification is mapped into a separate Petri net component. In this case, the size of the resulting C program is directly proportional to the size of the original concurrent specification. Thus, this technique can scale well to large applications and is immune to code explosion.
Classical symmetric orthogonal polynomials of a discrete variable (2003)

Classification of polynomial solutions of second-order difference equation of hypergeometric type with real coefficients, orthogonal with respect to a positive symmetric weight function is presented.
Theory of algorithmic self-assembly (2012)

The challenge of programming molecules to manipulate themselves.
Hepatocellular carcinoma ablation and possible immunity in the age of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (2015)

The liver, the largest internal organ in the body, is stationed between us and everything that enters our gastrointestinal tract. Among the many roles of the liver (digestion, metabolism, storage, and production), filtration, detoxification, and immunity are major functions that shelter us from the storm of potential toxins, harmful metabolites, and microorganisms that enter the liver through the hepatic portal vein. There is sometimes a price to pay for this cleansing service, but the liver is a forgiving organ. It can regenerate itself, and when one "unit" is damaged, other units take over. The liver can suffer extensive impairment before it malfunctions and presents symptoms. These absolving liver characteristics are major causes for morbidity and mortality in liver disease. While there are hundreds of liver diseases, major ones that lead to liver cancer and, specifically, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are chronic syndromes, such as hepatitis, excessive chronic alcohol consumption, metabolic syndrome, and obesity/diabetes. The single most common cause of liver disease and HCC in the USA is the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which infects nearly 4 million people.1 Under such harsh circumstances, the "merciful" and tolerant liver is progressively damaged and scarred as liver cancer progresses, before warning signs appear.
Aptamer-Facilitated Cryoprotection of Viruses (2014)

Global vaccination and gene therapy programs have an urgent demand for stabilization of viral vectors at low temperature. We used a quadramer, a bridge-connected DNA tetra-aptamer to antivesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), as a viral cryoprotectant. Results showed that the tetravalent antivirus DNA aptamers protect viral activity during multiple freeze-thaw cycles, shield from neutralizing antibodies, and decrease aggregation of viral particles.
Essential <i>Bacillus</i> <i>subtilis</i> genes (2003)

To estimate the minimal gene set required to sustain bacterial life in nutritious conditions, we carried out a systematic inactivation of Bacillus subtilis genes. Among approximately 4,100 genes of the organism, only 192 were shown to be indispensable by this or previous work. Another 79 genes were predicted to be essential. The vast majority of essential genes were categorized in relatively few domains of cell metabolism, with about half involved in information processing, one-fifth involved in the synthesis of cell envelope and the determination of cell shape and division, and one-tenth related to cell energetics. Only 4% of essential genes encode unknown functions. Most essential genes are present throughout a wide range of Bacteria, and almost 70% can also be found in Archaea and Eucarya. However, essential genes related to cell envelope, shape, division, and respiration tend to be lost from bacteria with small genomes. Unexpectedly, most genes involved in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway are essential. Identification of unknown and unexpected essential genes opens research avenues to better understanding of processes that sustain bacterial life.
Development of fungal cell factories for the production of secondary metabolites: Linking genomics and metabolism (2017)

The genomic era has revolutionized research on secondary metabolites and bioinformatics methods have in recent years revived the antibiotic discovery process after decades with only few new active molecules being identified. New computational tools are driven by genomics and metabolomics analysis, and enables rapid identification of novel secondary metabolites. To translate this increased discovery rate into industrial exploitation, it is necessary to integrate secondary metabolite pathways in the metabolic engineering process. In this review, we will describe the novel advances in discovery of secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi, highlight the utilization of genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) in the design of fungal cell factories for the production of secondary metabolites and review strategies for optimizing secondary metabolite production through the construction of high yielding platform cell factories.
Ranking of Production Performance from Detailed Geological Models (1994)

This paper gives an outline of an algorithm used for ranking realizations from stochastic geological models. The method is based upon the combination of a random walk method and the permeability field which results from the geostatistical or geological model. The method has been tested as shows that the realizations can be ranked with respect to various reservoir responses, such as breakthrough times and recoveries. “The ball no question makes of ayes and noes but right or left, as strikes the player goes; and He that toss’ed thee down into the field, He knows about it all - He knows - He knows!” Omar Khayyam
A NOVEL SUB-PIXEL MATCHING ALGORITHM BASED ON PHASE CORRELATION USING PEAK CALCULATION (2016)

Abstract. The matching accuracy of homonymy points of stereo images is a key point in the development of photogrammetry, which influences the geometrical accuracy of the image products. This paper presents a novel sub-pixel matching method phase correlation using peak calculation to improve the matching accuracy. The peak theoretic centre that means to sub-pixel deviation can be acquired by Peak Calculation (PC) according to inherent geometrical relationship, which is generated by inverse normalized cross-power spectrum, and the mismatching points are rejected by two strategies: window constraint, which is designed by matching window and geometric constraint, and correlation coefficient, which is effective for satellite images used for mismatching points removing. After above, a lot of high-precise homonymy points can be left. Lastly, three experiments are taken to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method. Excellent results show that the presented method is better than traditional phase correlation matching methods based on surface fitting in these aspects of accuracy and efficiency, and the accuracy of the proposed phase correlation matching algorithm can reach 0.1 pixel with a higher calculation efficiency.
Status of a silicon lattice measurement and dissemination exercise (1991)

Although no longer explicitly directed toward measurement of the Avogadro constant, we continue significant effort on lattice period measurement in monocrystalline silicon.There are currently operating an up-gradad xray/optical interferometer and a recently established lattice comparator.We report the status of measurements with these two instruments. SummarvAlmost twenty years ago, several groups at NBS participated in a measurement of the Avogadro constant [l, 2 1 .As in the case of efforts which are currently underway elsewhere, the NBS work involved optical interferometry of the spatial period of a Si monocrystal (as registered by x-ray interferometry), density determination using a dimensionally standardized artifact, and estimation of mean molar mass from absolute isotopic abundances.The result obtained was limited by imprecision and inaccuracy in density and molar mass to a claimed accuracy near 1 ppm while suffering from a large systematic error (1.8ppm) in the lattice spacing measurement which came to light through work at the PTB reported in and around 1980 [3, 41.Subsequently, the NBS x-ray/optical interferometry experiment, XROI, was re-established with several technical improvements, including on-line trajectory characterization.This latter capability showed, around 1986, that the original systematic error arose from an interplay of trajectory curvature, inadequate characterization of this curvature (by x-ray fringe contrast) and x-ray intensity distribution [5].Through this work it became evident that a result of significantly improved accuracy could, in principle, be
Age-related decline in proliferative potential of purified stem cell candidates. (1994)

Recent studies in our laboratory have shown striking differences in the functional properties of candidate hematopoietic stem cells purified from fetal, neonatal, and adult human tissues. These differences include the ability to produce CD34+ cells, the turnover rate, and the fraction of cells that respond to a mixture of cytokines. All these parameters decrease with the age of the cell donor, and some of these observations are summarized here. Extensive qualitative changes in hematopoietic cells from various stages of development should be taken into account in the design of novel therapeutic strategies.
Iron catalyzed CO<sub>2</sub>hydrogenation to formate enhanced by Lewis acid co-catalysts (2015)

A family of iron(ii) carbonyl hydride complexes supported by either a bifunctional PNP ligand containing a secondary amine, or a PNP ligand with a tertiary amine that prevents metal-ligand cooperativity, were found to promote the catalytic hydrogenation of CO<sub>2</sub> to formate in the presence of Brønsted base. In both cases a remarkable enhancement in catalytic activity was observed upon the addition of Lewis acid (LA) co-catalysts. For the secondary amine supported system, turnover numbers of approximately 9000 for formate production were achieved, while for catalysts supported by the tertiary amine ligand, nearly 60 000 turnovers were observed; the highest activity reported for an earth abundant catalyst to date. The LA co-catalysts raise the turnover number by more than an order of magnitude in each case. In the secondary amine system, mechanistic investigations implicated the LA in disrupting an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the PNP ligand N-H moiety and the carbonyl oxygen of a formate ligand in the catalytic resting state. This destabilization of the iron-bound formate accelerates product extrusion, the rate-limiting step in catalysis. In systems supported by ligands with the tertiary amine, it was demonstrated that the LA enhancement originates from cation assisted substitution of formate for dihydrogen during the slow step in catalysis.
Predicting Architectural Vulnerability on Multithreaded Processors under Resource Contention and Sharing (2012)

Architectural vulnerability factor (AVF) characterizes a processor's vulnerability to soft errors. Interthread resource contention and sharing on a multithreaded processor (e.g., SMT, CMP) shows nonuniform impact on a program's AVF when it is co-scheduled with different programs. However, measuring the AVF is extremely expensive in terms of hardware and computation. This paper proposes a scalable two-level predictive mechanism capable of predicting a program's AVF on a SMT/CMP architecture from easily measured metrics. Essentially, the first-level model correlates the AVF in a contention-free environment with important performance metrics and the processor configuration, while the second-level model captures the interthread resource contention and sharing via processor structures' occupancies. By utilizing the proposed scheme, we can accurately estimate any unseen program's soft error vulnerability under resource contention and sharing with any other program(s), on an arbitrarily configured multithreaded processor. In practice, the proposed model can be used to find soft error resilient thread-to-core scheduling for multithreaded processors.
Microgrids [distributed power generation] (2001)

Environmentally friendly renewable energy technologies such as photovoltaics and clean, efficient, fossil-fuels technologies such as micro-turbines and fuel cells are among new generating systems driving the demand for distributed generation of electricity. If combined heat and power at residential industrial plants or commercial buildings can be achieved the efficiencies can be higher than conventional central generation plants. The smallness of these new distributed generation along with the low voltages at the interface create a new class of problems which requires innovative approaches to managing and operating the distributed resources. One such concept is the microgrid.
Application of Highly Immunocompromised Mice for Establishment of Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) Model (2019)

Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are created by engraftment of patients&rsquo; tumor tissues into immunocompetent mice. Since PDX model keep the characteristics of primary patient&rsquo;s tumor such as gene expression profiles and drug sensitivity, it now becomes most reliable in vivo human cancer model. The engraftment rate are increased with the introduction of NOD/Scid based immunocompromised mice, especially, NK cell defective NOD strains such as NOD/Scid/IL2R&gamma;nu (NOG/ NSG) mice and NOD/Scid/Jak3null (NOJ) mice. Success ratio differs from the origin of tumor: Gastrointestinal tumors tend to higher success rate and breast cancer is lower. Subcutaneous transplantation is most popular method to establish PDX, but some tumor needs orthotropic or renal capsule transplantation, and human hormone treatment is needed to establish hormone dependent cancers such as prostate and breast cancer. PDX library with patient&rsquo;s clinical data, gene-expression patterns, mutational status, drug responsiveness and tumor architecture will be the powerful tool for developing specific biomarker and novel individualized therapy and establishing precision cancer medicine.
The Role of Hydrogen in Raney Nickel Catalyst (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Role of Hydrogen in Raney Nickel CatalystHilton A. Smith, Andrew J. Chadwell Jr., and S. S. KirslisCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1955, 59, 9, 820–822Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150531a005https://doi.org/10.1021/j150531a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views597Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
CARACTERÍSTICAS DA FUNÇAO DE DEGLUTIÇÃO EM UM GRUPO DE IDOSAS INSTITUCIONALIZADAS (2009)

Este estudo apresenta as características miofuncionais orofaciais relacionadas à deglutição, em um grupo de idosas institucionalizadas, com intenção de constatarmos a eficiência funcional da deglutição frente ao envelhecimento, tendo em vista as mudanças fisiológicas e funcionais que ocorrem ao longo desse processo. O mesmo foi realizado com uma amostra de 15 idosas, moradoras de um lar de idosos, particular, na cidade de Porto Alegre, através de entrevista inicial, protocolo de avaliação miofuncional orofacial e observação de uma refeição. Na entrevista inicial verificou-se que a maioria das idosas relatou dificuldades para a deglutição da consistência sólida. Na avaliação do sistema sensório motor oral encontrou-se: todas com algum tipo de falha dentária, com utilização ou não de próteses dentárias. Na observação da refeição quase a totalidade das idosas ingeria líquido durante a alimentação, sendo que algumas não fazem vedamento labial. A amostra não evidenciou sinais para disfagia. A pesquisa demonstrou que com o avanço da idade ocorrem modificações nas estruturas miofuncionais e orofaciais do indivíduo idoso, levando-o a habituar-se às dificuldades que ocorrem no processo de deglutição. Verificamos a necessidade da intervenção fonoaudiológica dentro de instituições que abrigam idosos, visando uma melhor qualidade de vida quanto aos aspectos relacionados à deglutição, bem como orientação, com enfoque preventivo, aos funcionários e idosos, possibilitando melhorar a percepção de qualquer alteração significativa, evitando possíveis casos de disfagia.