gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of MMP-9 gene expression for the development of novel molecular targets against cancer and inflammatory diseases (2004)

The need to pharmacologically control the proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been commonly acknowledged, despite its limited efficacy in clinical trials. Among the reasons that explain this failure is our limited understanding of the signals that control the expression of MMPs in different cell types during different pathological conditions. Thus, future therapies must rely on more selective approaches. With the continually increasing body of proof implicating MMPs in a large number of diseases, it has become a priority to establish the pertinence of molecules involved in the signalling pathways leading to the expression of these enzymes. MMP-9 is a case in point: its dramatic overexpression in cancer and various inflammatory conditions clearly points to the molecular mechanisms controlling its expression as a potential target for eventual rational therapeutic intervention. In this article, recent progress in the signalling pathways that regulate MMP-9 expression is reviewed, and the latest strategies to be considered in the search for a specific inhibitor of its expression are presented.
Abschied vom Erziehungsstaat? Der Erziehungsanspruch im Wilhelminismus (1993)

Der wilhelminische Schulstaat ist wiederholt „vermessen" worden. Doch die auf „Fortschritt" durch Herrschaftssicherung, Loyalisierung und Disziplinierung bedachten Erziehungsansprüche im Wilhelminismus sind nicht nur in der systemischen oder hierarchischen Verknüpfung von Gesellschafts- und Schulstrukturen, in schulpolitischen Erlassen, didaktischen Zielsetzungen, Konferenzprotokollen oder Schulbüchern, also auf der „klassischen" Spur bildungsgeschichtlicher Untersuchungen zu erfassen, sondern auch in mentalitätsgeschichtlich aufschlußreichen Zusammenhängen jugend-, sport- und militärpolitischer Initiativen. Selbst die ästhetische Inszenierung und Sakralisierung des Wilhelminismus in zeitgenössischen Architekturbeispielen oder die national-integrative Fest- und Feiertagskultur zeigen, daß er gesinnungsbildender Erziehungsstaat sein wollte. Dieser Anspruch steigert sich während des Ersten Weltkriegs sogar zu ersten Konzepten einer Staatsjugendorganisation. (DIPF/Orig.)
Dynamic Modeling and Control of Nuclear Reactors Coupled to Closed-Loop Brayton Cycle Systems using SIMULINK™ (2005)

The operation of space reactors for both in‐space and planetary operations will require unprecedented levels of autonomy and control. Development of these autonomous control systems will require dynamic system models, effective control methodologies, and autonomous control logic. This paper briefly describes the results of reactor, power‐conversion, and control models that are implemented in SIMULINK™ (Simulink, 2004). SIMULINK™ is a development environment packaged with MatLab™ (MatLab, 2004) that allows the creation of dynamic state flow models. Simulation modules for liquid metal, gas cooled reactors, and electrically heated systems have been developed, as have modules for dynamic power‐conversion components such as, ducting, heat exchangers, turbines, compressors, permanent magnet alternators, and load resistors. Various control modules for the reactor and the power‐conversion shaft speed have also been developed and simulated. The modules are compiled into libraries and can be easily connected in different ways to explore the operational space of a number of potential reactor, power‐conversion system configurations, and control approaches. The modularity and variability of these SIMULINK™ models provides a way to simulate a variety of complete power generation systems. To date, both Liquid Metal Reactors (LMR), Gas Cooled Reactors (GCR), and electric heaters that are coupled to gas‐dynamics systems and thermoelectric systems have been simulated and are used to understand the behavior of these systems. Current efforts are focused on improving the fidelity of the existing SIMULINK™ modules, extending them to include isotopic heaters, heat pipes, Stirling engines, and on developing state flow logic to provide intelligent autonomy. The simulation code is called RPC‐SIM (Reactor Power and Control‐Simulator).
Transformation Plasticity and Toughening in CeO <sub>2</sub> ‐Partially‐Stabilized Zirconia–Alumina (Ce‐TZP/Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> ) Composites Doped with MnO (1992)

Microstructure, phase stability, and mechanical properties of CeO 2 ‐partially‐stabilized zirconia (12 mol% Ce‐TZP) containing 10 wt% Al 2 O 3 and 1.5 wt% MnO were studied in relation to the base Ce‐TZP and the Ce‐TZP/Al 2 O 3 composite without MnO. The MnO reacted with both CeO 2 and Al 2 O 3 to form a new phase of approximate composition CeMnAl 11 O 19 . The reacted phase had a magnetoplumbite structure and formed elongated, needlelike crystals. The MnO‐doped Ce‐TZP/Al 2 O 3 composites sintered at an optimum temperature of 1550°C exhibited high strength (650 MPa in four‐point bending) and rising crack‐growth‐resistance behavior, with fracture toughness increasing from 7.6 to 10.3 MPa.In 12 in compact tension tests. These improved mechanical properties were associated with relatively high tetragonal‐to‐monoclinic transformation temperature ( M s =−42°C) at small grain size (2.5 μm), significant transformation plasticity in mechanical tests (bending, uniaxial tension, and uniaxial compression) and transformation zones at crack tips in compact tension specimens. The transformation yield stress, zone size, and fracture toughness were sensitive to the sintering temperature varied in the range 1500° to 1600°C. Analysis of the transformation zones using Raman microprobe spectroscopy and calculation of zone shielding for the observed zones indicated that a large fraction of the fracture toughness (∼70%) was derived from transformation toughening.
CAR '96 : computer assisted radiology : proceedings of the International Symposium on Computer and Communication Systems for Image Guided Diagnosis and Therapy, Paris, June 1996 (1996)

Hardbound. A conference like CAR attempts to throw light on the changes in computer technology by collecting, evaluating and distributing information on these developments. Oganizing CAR on a yearly basis is a response to this need.Digital imaging still remains one of the key technologies for progress in health care. With further advances in processing, display and communication of medical imaging it becomes the key to solving many problems in diagnosis and therapy. As well as computer assisted diagnosis, computer assisted surgery relies increasingly on some type of image management. Typical examples can be found in craniofacial surgery, neurosurgery, orthopaedic surgery of the hip and spine, plastic/reconstructive surgery, otolaryngology, etc.A further joint meeting of CAR and ISCAS in 1996 underlines the synergy of computer assisted technologies on diagnosis and therapy. In addition, teleradiology and telesurgery, as well as computed maxillofacial
The online reference shelf: finding basic information on places (1994)

Guide, a l'intention des services de renseignements des bibliotheques aux Etats Unis, sur les services et sources d'information demographique en ligne ou sur CDROM et sur les modes d'interrogation de ces sources, sur les outils de traitement, notamment statistique, des donnees en ligne. L'article couvre les banques de donnees et mentionne aussi les ouvrages de reference electroniques utiles. Strategies et exemples d'utilisation. Bref dictionaire des termes demographiques
Identification, purification, and characterization of a high molecular weight, ATP-dependent activator (PA700) of the 20 S proteasome. (1994)

In order to identify protein complexes consisting of the proteasome and specific proteasome regulators, crude soluble lysates of red blood cells were fractionated by gel filtration chromatography and by velocity sedimentation centrifugation. The fractionated lysates were then tested for the relative distribution of proteasome activity, proteasome protein, and protein of a known proteasome activator, PA28. At least two proteasome complexes containing PA28 were identified. One of these complexes had an apparent molecular weight of approximately 1,750,000, and appeared to have much more proteasome activity than could be accounted for by its relative concentrations of proteasome and PA28 protein. We hypothesized that this complex contained another activator of the proteasome, and we sought to purify this activator from extracts of red blood cells. A proteasome activator with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 700,000 was identified, purified, and characterized. This activator, termed PA700, greatly stimulated the peptidase activities of the proteasome in an ATP-dependent fashion. PA700 was composed of about 16 polypeptides ranging in molecular weight from 20,000 to 100,000. The ATP-dependent activation of the proteasome by PA700 was closely linked to the formation of a high molecular weight complex that required no additional ATP for activated proteolysis. These results indicate that PA700 is a regulatory protein of the proteasome and is a component of at least one high molecular weight proteasome-containing complex occurring in cell extracts.
60-GHz Millimeter-Wave Identification Reader on 90-nm CMOS and LTCC (2011)

A reader module at 60 GHz for high data-rate short-range backscattering-based communications is presented. The reader consists of a CMOS-based oscillator, amplifiers, and a mixer on a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) substrate. The filter, power splitter, and antennas are directly patterned on the LTCC. All millimeter-wave components are contained within the module and the only interfaces to the module are the IF and bias lines. Transmit power of the module is +11.6-dBm effective isotropic radiated power with an IF bandwidth of 400 MHz. The LTCC module measures 13×24 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and has a dc power consumption of 130 mW. Reception of a 20-MHz square wave from a tag 5 cm apart from the reader is demonstrated; the suggested millimeter-wave identification concept enables a 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> - 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -fold data-rate increase in comparison to the present near-field communication technique, with similar size, range, and power consumption of the reader.
Residential broadband Internet service architecture (2002)

In this talk, I will present an end-to-end broadband Internet service architecture to enable a variety of new services for public network operators. This broadband service architecture provides tremendous new business opportunities for public network operators, such as Web hosting. Business solution providers and MIS outsourcing. The residential broadband service model is based on a PPP over ATM architecture between the home or small business and the destination networks, which can be an ISP for Internet access or a corporate network for telecommuting.
Spontaneous and specific myogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on polyethylene glycol-linked multi-walled carbon nanotube films for skeletal muscle engineering (2015)

This study explored the influence of polyethylene glycol-linked multi-walled carbon nanotube (PEG-CNT) films on skeletal myogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). PEG-CNT films were prepared with nanoscale surface roughness, orderly arrangement of PEG-CNTs, high hydrophilicity and high mechanical strength. Notably, PEG-CNT films alone could direct the skeletal myogenic differentiation of hMSCs in the absence of myogenic induction factors. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that the non-induced hMSCs plated on the PEG-CNT films, compared to the negative control, presented significant up-regulation of general myogenic markers including early commitment markers of myoblast differentiation protein-1 (MyoD) and desmin, as well as a late phase marker of myosin heavy chain-2 (MHC). Corresponding protein analysis by immunoblot assays corroborated these results. Skeletal muscle-specific markers, fast skeletal troponin-C (TnC) and ryanodine receptor-1 (Ryr) were also significantly increased in the non-induced hMSCs on PEG-CNT films by RT-PCR. For these cells, the commitment to specific skeletal myoblasts was further proved by the absence of enhanced adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic markers. This study elucidated that PEG-CNT films supported a dedicated differentiation of hMSCs into a skeletal myogenic lineage and can work as a promising material towards skeletal muscle injury repair.
Zur Kenntnis von Rifamycin‐S.‐Reaktionen des Ansaringes. Modifikationen von Antibiotica, 8. Mitteilung [1] (1973)

Abstract The reactivity of rifamycin‐S with respect to acids, bases, and oxydizing or reducing agents has been studied. A number of compounds resulting from these experiments as well as derivatives of rifamycin‐S resulting from acylation and ketalisation reactions are described.
Microwave Sounder for GEOS-R - a GeoSTAR progress report (2005)

The Geostationary Synthetic Thinned Aperture Radiometer (GeoSTAR) is a new concept for a microwave sounder, intended to be deployed on NOAA's next generation of geostationary weather satellites, GOES-R. A ground based prototype has been developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, under NASA Instrument Incubator Program sponsorship, and is now undergoing tests and performance characterization. The initial space version of GeoSTAR will have performance characteristics equal to those of the AMSU system currently operating on polar orbiting environmental satellites, but subsequent versions will significantly outperform AMSU. In addition to all-weather temperature and humidity soundings, GeoSTAR will also provide continuous rain mapping, tropospheric wind profiling and real time storm tracking.
Differential expression of RET finger protein in testicular germ cell tumors (2002)

Testicular germ cell cancer is a common cancer in young adults and its incidence has risen dramatically over the past several decades in Western countries. Because RET finger protein (RFP), which belongs to the large B-box RING finger protein family, has been reported to be expressed in different stages of spermatogenesis, we investigated its expression in testicular germ cell tumors. These comprised 13 pure seminomas, five pure non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) and seven mixed germ cell tumors, four of which contained seminomatous component. In normal adult testis, the expression of RFP was strong in the germ cells, particularly in spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes. RFP immunoreactivity was seen uniformly and specifically in 12 of the 13 pure seminomas examined. It was also detected in seminomatous components of mixed germ cell tumors, whereas pure NSGCT were negative for RFP expression. The expression of RFP in male germ cells and seminomas together with the lack of its expression observed in highly aggressive NSGCT suggested that RFP could be associated with the regulation of germ cell proliferation and/or histological-type of germ cell tumors.
Determinants of the Hepatitis C Virus Nonstructural Protein 2 Protease Domain Required for Production of Infectious Virus (2009)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 2 (NS2) is a dimeric multifunctional hydrophobic protein with an essential but poorly understood role in infectious virus production. We investigated the determinants of NS2 function in the HCV life cycle. On the basis of the crystal structure of the postcleavage form of the NS2 protease domain, we mutated conserved features and analyzed the effects of these changes on polyprotein processing, replication, and infectious virus production. We found that mutations around the protease active site inhibit viral RNA replication, likely by preventing NS2-3 cleavage. In contrast, alterations at the dimer interface or in the C-terminal region did not affect replication, NS2 stability, or NS2 protease activity but decreased infectious virus production. A comprehensive deletion and mutagenesis analysis of the C-terminal end of NS2 revealed the importance of its C-terminal leucine residue in infectious particle production. The crystal structure of the NS2 protease domain shows that this C-terminal leucine is locked in the active site, and mutation or deletion of this residue could therefore alter the conformation of NS2 and disrupt potential protein-protein interactions important for infectious particle production. These studies begin to dissect the residues of NS2 involved in its multiple essential roles in the HCV life cycle and suggest NS2 as a viable target for HCV-specific inhibitors.
THERMAL BARRIER WITH TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER OF GAS, (1964)

An approximate method is given for calculating the thermal regime of a solid surface past which flows a turbulent, homogeneous, quasi-isothermal boundary layer with various methods of setting the thermal barrier. (Author)
A service restoration time study for distributed control SONET digital cross-connect system self-healing networks (2002)

The viability of distributed control restoration using digital cross-connect systems (DCSs) depends on its capability for restoring services within specified time requirements. A Bellcore study of the impact of the DCS architecture on distributed restoration is reported. It is concluded that currently proposed distributed control DCS self-healing schemes may not meet the two-second restoration objective, regardless of the distributed algorithm, if the present DCS system architecture (i.e., serial processing and serial cross-connection) remain unchanged. Several DCS architecture options which may improve the restoration time are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pulsed Optically Pumped Magnetometers: Addressing Dead Time and Bandwidth for the Unshielded Magnetorelaxometry of Magnetic Nanoparticles (2021)

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) offer a large variety of promising applications in medicine thanks to their exciting physical properties, e.g., magnetic hyperthermia and magnetic drug targeting. For these applications, it is crucial to quantify the amount of MNP in their specific binding state. This information can be obtained by means of magnetorelaxometry (MRX), where the relaxation of previously aligned magnetic moments of MNP is measured. Current MRX with optically pumped magnetometers (OPM) is limited by OPM recovery time after the shut-off of the external magnetic field for MNP alignment, therewith preventing the detection of fast relaxing MNP. We present a setup for OPM-MRX measurements using a commercially available pulsed free-precession OPM, where the use of a high power pulsed pump laser in the sensor enables a system recovery time in the microsecond range. Besides, magnetometer raw data processing techniques for Larmor frequency analysis are proposed and compared in this paper. Due to the high bandwidth (≥100 kHz) and high dynamic range of our OPM, a software gradiometer in a compact enclosure allows for unshielded MRX measurements in a laboratory environment. When operated in the MRX mode with non-optimal pumping performance, the OPM shows an unshielded gradiometric noise floor of about 600 fT/cm/Hz for a 2.3 cm baseline. The noise floor is flat up to 1 kHz and increases then linearly with the frequency. We demonstrate that quantitative unshielded MRX measurements of fast relaxing, water suspended MNP is possible with the novel OPM-MRX concept, confirmed by the accurately derived iron amount ratios of MNP samples. The detection limit of the current setup is about 1.37 μg of iron for a liquid BNF-MNP-sample (Bionized NanoFerrite) with a volume of 100 μL.
A flood risk assessment model based on Random Forest and its application (2015)

According to disaster system theory,10 indexes are selected with an overall consideration of disas-ter-inducing factor,the hazard inducing environment and the hazard bearing body. An assessment model offlood risk is constructed based on an intelligent algorithm called Random Forest(RF). Taking a grid of 100m×100 m as the computing element,the flood risk in Dongjiang River basin is evaluated by the model withthe help of GIS technique. The evaluation results show that:the RF model has fewer parameters and dis-penses with consideration of index weight and grading standard,making the implementation simpler. It canevaluate the index importance,which maks it convenient to analyze the contribution of each index to floodrisk. It achieves higher accuracy,better classification result and stronger data mining ability than the SVMmodel. It is easy to integrate the GIS technique so that it can conveniently analyze the spatial pattern andinherent law of the risk. Therefore,the assessment model based on RF achieves good results and it can bea new way to flood risk assessment.
(Fe,Mn)<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanochannels Fabricated by AFM Local‐Oxidation Nanolithography using Mo/Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanomasks (2006)

Epitaxial (Fe,Mn)3O4 thin films are patterned into nanochannels using molybdenum/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanomasks realized by combining local anodic oxidation of Mo and dry etching of PMMA. Nanostructures on the 100 nm scale can be easily fabricated by subsequent wet chemical etching with H3PO4 (see figure). (Fe,Mn)3O4 nanochannels open the possibility of fabricating spin-polarized nanocircuits for room-temperature spintronics.
Use of a hydrogel dressing for management of a painful leg ulcer (2006)

This case study is of an 82-year-old lady who was widowed and lives alone in a council house. A left lateral leg ulcer had developed over the gaiter area, and the community team were asked to assess in 2004. The main issues were her inability to tolerate compression (even when reduced) because of the pain. Nevertheless, the community nurses had tried very hard with compression, using different compression techniques at different times to try to encourage her to persevere. The nurses felt they were running out of ideas and therefore the tissue viability nurse (TVN) was asked to assess the wound. The TVN recommended ActiFormCool dressing. This article will examine the background for wound healing, provide the rational for the recommendation and describe the progress of the patient.