gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Tie2 in Neoplastic Glial Cells Is Associated with Integrin β1-Dependent Adhesion to the Extracellular Matrix (2006)

The abnormal function of tyrosine kinase receptors is a hallmark of malignant gliomas. Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase is a specific endothelial cell receptor whose function is positively regulated by angiopoietin 1 (Ang1). Recently, Tie2 has also been found in the nonvascular compartment of several tumors, including leukemia as well as breast, gastric, and thyroid cancers. There is, however, little information on the function of the Ang1/Tie2 pathway in the non-stromal cells within human tumors. We found that surgical glioblastoma specimens contained a subpopulation of Tie2+/CD31- and Tie2+/GFAP+ cells, suggesting that Tie2 is indeed expressed outside the vascular compartment of gliomas. Furthermore, analysis of a tissue array consisting of 116 human glioma samples showed that Tie2 expression in the neoplastic glial cells was significantly associated with progression from a lower to higher grade. Importantly, Ang1 stimulation of Tie2+ glioma cells resulted in increased adherence of the cells to collagen I and IV, suggesting that Tie2 regulates glioma cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Conversely, the down-regulation of Tie2 levels by small interference RNA or the addition of soluble Tie2 abrogated the Ang1-mediated effect on cell adhesion. In studying the expression of cell adhesion molecules, we found that Tie2 activation was related to the up-regulation of integrin beta1 levels and the formation of focal adhesions. These results, together with the reported fact that malignant gliomas express high levels of Ang1, suggest the existence of an autocrine loop in malignant gliomas and that a Tie2-dependent pathway modulates cell-to-extracellular matrix adhesion, providing new insights into the highly infiltrative phenotype of human gliomas.
Stereo Face Model and Its Recognition (2004)

Face recognition technology is briefly reviewed; comparison of 2D and 3D face recognition is then introduced. After analyzing stereovision theory, a way is presented to build the 3D facial image. The method of Bayesian face recognition is then described and applied to stereo face recognition. A briefly chart of 3D face recognition system based on DSP is drawed lastly.
Visible Light Induced Water Cleavage in CdS Dispersions Loaded with Pt and RuO<sub>2</sub>, Hole Scavenging by RuO<sub>2</sub> (1981)

Abstract Illumination of aqueous CdS dispersions loaded with Pt and RuO 2 by visible light produces hydrogen and oxygen in stoichiometric proportion. No degradation of the photocatalyst is noted after 60 h of irradiation time. The RuO 2 deposit on the particle surface greatly accelerates the transfer of holes from the semiconductor valence band to the aqueous solution thus inhibiting photocorrosion.
Genetic analysis of the human thymidine kinase gene promoter. (1986)

The promoter of the human thymidine kinase gene was defined by DNA sequence and genetic analyses. Mutant plasmids with deletions extending into the promoter region from both the 5' and 3' directions were constructed. The mutants were tested in a gene transfer system for the ability to transform TK- cells to the TK+ phenotype. This analysis delimited the functional promoter to within an 83-base-pair region upstream of the mRNA cap site. This region contains sequences common to other eucaryotic promoters including G X C-rich hexanucleotides, a CAAT box, and an A X T-rich region. The CAAT box is in an inverted orientation and is part of a 9-base-pair sequence repeated twice in the promoter region. Comparison of the genomic sequence with the cDNA sequence defined the first exon of the thymidine kinase gene.
Advanced exception handling mechanisms (2000)

It is no longer possible to consider exception handling as a secondary issue in language design, or even worse, a mechanism added after the fact via a library approach. Exception handling is a primary feature in language design and must be integrated with other major features, including advanced control flow, objects, coroutines, concurrency, real-time, and polymorphism. Integration is crucial as there are both obvious and subtle interactions between exception handling and other language features. Unfortunately, many exception handling mechanisms work only with a subset of the features and in the sequential domain. A framework for a comprehensive, easy to use, and extensible exception handling mechanism is presented for a concurrent, object-oriented environment. The environment includes language constructs with separate execution stacks, e.g. coroutines and tasks, so the exception environment is significantly more complex than the normal single-stack situation. The pros and cons of various exception features are examined, along with feature interaction with other language mechanisms. Both exception termination and resumption models are examined in this environment, and previous criticisms of the resumption model, a feature commonly missing in modern languages, are addressed.
A Microscale Approach to Chemical Kinetics in the General Chemistry Laboratory: The Potassium Iodide Hydrogen Peroxide Iodine-Clock Reaction (2010)

A microscale laboratory for teaching chemical kinetics utilizing the iodine clock reaction is described. Plastic pipets, 3 mL volume, are used to store and deliver precise drops of reagents and the reaction is run in a 24 well plastic tray using a total 60 drops of reagents. With this procedure, students determine the rate of reaction and the order of reaction as a function of iodide ion concentration or hydrogen peroxide concentration. Six reaction concentrations are run concurrently in about an hour. The students also calculate the value of the rate constant and determine the concentration of an unknown iodide ion sample. The procedure has been adopted to run at a lower temperature to determine the energy of activation. The experiment teaches the principles of chemical kinetics to first-year college students and can also be used in second-year or advanced-placement high school chemistry classes.
Effects of Heat Treatment on the Structural Defects and Electrical Properties of GaAs. (1994)

Behavior of structural defects in bulk GaAs during various heat treatmentprocesses was investigated. Results showed that the formation temperature ofAs-related dislocation loops and precipitates in an As-rich HB (HorizontalBridgman) GaAs is around 650°C, and their formation process is reversible andcritically affected by the cooling rate of crystals from high temperature. Inthe case of LEC (Liquid Encapsulated Czochralski) GaAs, precipitates formedon dislocations at the temperature range of 650°C-950°C, whereas point defectcluster around dislocations formed at 650°C-850°C. Based upon this observation, it was proposed that the excess As existing in GaAs crystals condenses as pointdefects, dislocation loops, and/or As precipitates, depending upon cooling ratefrom high temperature, presence of nucleation sites (dislocations), and degreeof nonstoichiometry. It was also observed that concentration of EL 2 defectsin the HB crystal tend to increase as the structural defects dissolve, indicatingthat the behavior of the structural defects can be closely related to that of theelectrically important EL 2 defects.
Kinetics of syn-anti conversions of 2,4-dinitro-phenylhydrazones (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of syn-anti conversions of 2,4-dinitro-phenylhydrazonesA. F. Hegarty and Francis Leslie ScottCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 2, 753–762Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01266a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01266a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of the sugar chain of soluble recombinant CD59 on complement inhibitory activity (1996)

A soluble recombinant CD59#77 (rCD59#77), consisting of 77 amino acids starting from the N terminus of membrane-bound CD59, was prepared using a gene expression system in CHO cells. The rCD59#77 preparation was composed of glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms (G and NG forms). Unexpectedly, NG form was 7 times more potent than G form in complement inhibitory activity. Postulating that sialic acids on G-form molecules make it difficult for rCD59#77 to access nascent membrane attack complexes on the cell surface, the sialic acids were removed by neuraminidase treatment. However, the inhibitory activity was not changed. Next, one of two putative N-glycosylation sites was mutated by substituting Gln18 for Asn18. The mutant, designated rCD59#77(N/Q), had no sugar moiety and was as active as the NG form of rCD59#77. These results suggest that the bulky sugar moiety at Asn18 is not necessary for the complement-inhibitory activity of rCD59 and actually hampers that function.
Intelligent Offices: Object-Oriented Multi-Media Information Management in Client/Server Architectures (1992)

From the Publisher:
Provides a practical intelligent office model which integrates many applications in order to create an object-oriented work flow model, integrated double imaging and distributed database access. Shows how these mature technologies can be connected by utilizing off-the-shelf open system software and hardware. Features fundamental imaging hardware for document imaging systems including compression boards, FAXboards, scanners, OCR along with integrating basic software concepts such as object orientation, full-text retrieval systems, graphic user interfaces, AI technologies and more.
An optical phase amplification technique for interrogating fiber resonator sensors (1995)

We describe a technique for the effective amplification of small phase changes induced by cavity perturbations of a resonant fiber-optic sensor. The scheme utilizes an unbalanced two-beam "read-out" interferometer to monitor weak frequency shifts in a laser source locked to the resonant sensor. Results are presented using a fiber ring resonator sensor and Mach-Zehnder read-out interferometer with a system phase gain factor of 43.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Configuration management of large IP telephony networks (2002)

A nationwide Internet telephony network is described that uses H.323 gateways distributed around the USA to provide customers with local telephone access to application services hosted at a central data center. A key technology that enables deployment of the network is automated configuration management. The configuration management system includes a detailed object-oriented data model of the network coupled with a collection of applications supporting configuration, auditing, testing, monitoring, and updating of network elements. The configuration management system allows the network to be administered and maintained quickly and accurately, minimizing costs in staff and service outages.
<i>In situ</i> growth of superconducting MgB2 thin films by molecular-beam epitaxy (2003)

The in situ growth of superconducting MgB2 thin films was examined from various perspectives. The paper discusses (1) growth temperature, (2) the effect of excess Mg, (3) the effect of residual gas during growth, (4) the effect of in situ annealing, (5) thickness dependence, and (6) the effect of substrates. Our results provide a guide to the preparation of high-quality superconducting MgB2 films for potential electronics applications.
The European treatment of severe atopic eczema in children taskforce (TREAT) survey (2013)

In the absence of a clear evidence base, the European TREAT survey confirms the wide variation in prescribing practice of systemic immunosuppression in refractory paediatric atopic eczema. The results will be used to inform the design of a randomized controlled trial relevant to patient management across Europe.
Recommending Clones for Refactoring Using Design, Context, and History (2014)

Developers know that copy-pasting code (aka code cloning) is often a convenient shortcut to achieving a design goal, albeit one that carries risks to the code quality over time. However, deciding which, if any, clones should be eliminated within an existing system is a daunting task. Fixing a clone usually means performing an invasive refactoring, and not all clones may be worth the effort, cost, and risk that such a change entails. Furthermore, sometimes cloning fulfils a useful design role, and should not be refactored at al. And clone detection tools often return very large result sets, making it hard to choose which clones should be investigated and possibly removed. In this paper, we propose an automated approach to recommend clones for refactoring by training a decision tree-based classifier. We analyze more than 600 clone instances in three medium-to large-sized open source projects, and we collect features that are associated with the source code, the context, and the history of clone instances. Our approach achieves a precision of around 80% in recommending clone refactoring instances for each target system, and similarly good precision is achieved in cross-project evaluation. By recommending which clones are appropriate for refactoring, our approach allows for better resource allocation for refactoring itself after obtaining clone detection results, and can thus lead to improved clone management in practice.
N-acetyl-L-cysteine improves survival and preserves motor performance in an animal model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2000)

Increasing evidence implicates oxidative damage as a major mechanism in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We examined the effect of preventative treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an agent that reduces free radical damage, in transgenic mice with a superoxide dismutase (SODI) mutation (G93A), used as an animal model of familial ALS. NAC was administered at 1% concentration in the drinking water from 4-5 weeks of age. The treatment caused a significantly prolonged survival and delayed onset of motor impairment in G93A mice treated with NAC compared to control mice. These results provide further evidence for the involvement of free radical damage in the G93A mice, and support the possibility that NAC, an over-the-counter antioxidant, could be explored in clinical trials for ALS.
Transfection and expression of human <i>O</i><sup>6</sup>-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) cDNA in Chinese hamster cells: the role of MGMT in protection against the genotoxic effects of alkylating agents (1991)

O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is responsible for removal of O6-alkylguanine from DNA induced by alkylating mutagens/carcinogens. To analyze the involvement of O6-alkylguanine in the generation and MGMT in avoidance of various genotoxic effects of alkylating agents, we transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells that lack MGMT activity with human MGMT cDNA cloned into a mammalian expression vector (pSV2MGMT). A high proportion (60-80%) of transfectants selected for a cotransfected neo gene survived treatment with high doses of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and N-hydroxyethyl-N-chloroethylnitrosourea (HeCNU). Parallel transfections with an expression vector containing the bacterial ada gene (pSV2ada) showed the human MGMT to be more effective than the ada expression vector in mediating alkylation resistance. Various clonal CHO cell lines have been established stably transfected with the human MGMT cDNA. The transfectants expressed human MGMT at levels ranging from 8600 to 210,000 molecules per cell. The high MGMT expressors became strongly resistant to the killing effects of MNNG, HeCNU, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and, to a significant lesser degree, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). No killing resistance was observed to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), though the MGMT and ada transfectants showed reduction in mutation frequency induced by this agent. Protection from mutation induction by MGMT (and ada) expression was also demonstrated for MNNG. The transfectants were also protected from the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) inducing and, to a lesser degree, clastogenic effect of MNNG and MNU, and slightly to EMS and MMS. Again no protection was observed towards ENU. Correlations between MGMT activity and resistance to a given end point suggest that, for MNNG, O6-methylguanine is the preponderant toxic, mutagenic and SCE inducing lesion. About 90% of MNNG (and MNU) induced SCEs and nearly all of the MNNG-induced gene mutations seem to be due to this adduct. For alkylation-induced chromosomal aberrations, however, and for cell killing and SCEs induced by MMS, EMS and ENU, other lesions than O6-alkylguanine appear to be of major importance. The data strongly support the view that O6-methylguanine is a genotoxic lesion and MGMT a function decisively involved in avoidance of genotoxic effects in cells exposed to MNNG and related compounds. They indicate also that it is important to take into account the property and mode of action of any given alkylating agent in assessing the protective role of MGMT against alkylation-induced genotoxicity.
Pneumatic sample-transfer system for use with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory rotating target neutron source (RTNS-I) (1981)

A pneumatic sample-transfer system is needed to be able to rapidly retrieve samples irradiated with 14-MeV neutrons at the Rotating Target Neutron Source (RTNS-I). The rabbit system, already in place for many years, has been refurbished with modern system components controlled by an LSI-11 minicomputer. Samples can now be counted three seconds after an irradiation. There are many uses for this expanded 14-MeV neutron activation capability. Several fission products difficult to isolate from mixed fission fragments can be produced instead through (n,p) or (n,..cap alpha..) reactions with stable isotopes. Mass-separated samples of Nd, Mo, and Se, for example, can be irradiated to produce Pr, Nb, and As radionuclides sufficient for decay scheme studies. The system may also be used for multielement fast-neutron activation analysis because the neutron flux is greater than 2 x 10/sup 11/ n/cm/sup 2/-sec. Single element analyses of Si and O are also possible. Finally, measurements of fast-neutron cross sections producing short-lived activation products can be performed with this system. A description of the rabbit system and instructions for its use are presented in this report.
Position Statement on Human Aging (2002)

Fifty-one top researchers in the field of aging collaborated to create this position paper. It describes what scientists know and do not know about intervening in human aging, and includes information on ineffective and potentially harmful anti-aging interventions. See reference ( 104 ) for a complete list of these scientists.
EPSP synthase: binding studies using isothermal titration microcalorimetry and equilibrium dialysis and their implications for ligand recognition and kinetic mechanism (1992)

Isothermal titration calorimetry measurements are reported which give important new binding constant (Kd) information for various substrate and inhibitor complexes of Escherichia coli EPSP synthase (EPSPS). The validity of this technique was first verified by determining Kd's for the known binary complex with the substrate, shikimate 3-phosphate (S3P), as well as the herbicidal ternary complex with S3P and glyphosate (EPSPS.S3P.glyphosate). The observed Kd's agreed very well with those from previous independently determined kinetic and fluorescence binding measurements. Further applications unequivocally demonstrate for the first time a fairly tight interaction between phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and free enzyme (Kd = 390 microM) as well as a correspondingly weak affinity for glyphosate (Kd = 12 mM) alone with enzyme. The formation of the EPSPS.PEP binary complex was independently corroborated using equilibrium dialysis. These results strongly suggest that S3P synergizes glyphosate binding much more effectively than it does PEP binding. These observations add important new evidence to support the hypothesis that glyphosate acts as a transition-state analogue of PEP. However, the formation of a catalytically productive PEP binary complex is inconsistent with the previously reported compulsory binding order process required for catalysis and has led to new studies which completely revise the overall EPSPS kinetic mechanism. A previously postulated ternary complex between S3P and inorganic phosphate (EPSPS.S3P.Pi, Kd = 4 mM) was also detected for the first time. Quantitative binding enthalpies and entropies were also determined for each ligand complex from the microcalorimetry data. These values demonstrate a clear difference in thermodynamic parameters for recognition at the S3P site versus those observed for the PEP, Pi, and glyphosate sites.
Concise International Encyclopedia of Robotics (1990)

This volume serves as a guide to the rapidly growing field of robotics. The articles provide coverage of all of the associated theoretical aspects of robotics, as well as most of the present and future applications.
Granger Causality Analysis in Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (2015)

### Introduction A key challenge in neuroscience and, in particular, neuroimaging, is to move beyond identification of regional activations toward the characterization of functional circuits underpinning perception, cognition, behavior, and consciousness. Granger causality (G-causality) analysis
An Analytical Model for Calculating Initial Stiffnesses of Double Angle Connections (2004)

Double angle connections are commonly used for the construction of the low-rise steel framed buildings. Several experimental tests lave been conducted to investigate the effect of the number of bolts on the rotational stiffness of a double angle connection. Several parameters are obtained by performing regression analysis. An analytical model has been introduced to calculate the initial stiffness of a double angle connection in this research.