gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Situ Synthesis of a Hierarchical All‐Solid‐State Electrolyte Based on Nitrile Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2015)

A hierarchical all‐solid‐state electrolyte based on nitrile materials (SEN) is prepared via in situ synthesis method. This hierarchical structure is fabricated by in situ polymerizing the cyanoethyl polyvinyl alcohol (PVA‐CN) in succinonitrile (SN)‐based solid electrolyte that is filled in the network of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based electrospun fiber membrane. The crosslinked PVA‐CN polymer framework is uniformly dispersed in the SN‐based solid electrolyte, which can strongly enhance its mechanical strength and keeps it in a quasi‐solid state even over the melting point. The electrospun fiber membrane efficiently reduces the thickness of SEN film besides a further improvement in strength. Because of the unique hierarchical structure and structure similarity among the raw materials, the prepared SEN film exhibits high room‐temperature ionic conductance (0.30 S), high lithium ion transference number (0.57), favorable mechanical strength (15.31 MPa), excellent safety, and good flexibility. Furthermore, the in situ synthesis ensures an excellent adhesion between SEN and electrodes, which leads to an outstanding electrochemical performance for the assembled LiFePO 4 /SEN/Li cells. Both the superior performance of SEN and the simple fabricating process of SEN‐based all‐solid‐state cells make it potentially as one of the most promising electrolyte materials for next generation lithium‐ion batteries.
Interleukin‐10 Suppresses the Development of Collagen Type II‐Induced Arthritis and Ameliorates Sustained Arthritis in Rats (1996)

The collagen-induced arthritis model in DA rats induced with homologous rat type II collagen was chosen to determine the therapeutic capacity and effects on autoimmunity by IL-10. Systemic IL-10 treatment (100 or 10 micrograms/day) with mini-osmotic pumps during the periods of arthritis onset (days 12-20 after immunization) decreased the frequency of arthritis and delayed the onset and reduced the severity of arthritis in the few rats that eventually developed arthritis. Concomitantly, levels of autoantibodies to CII were reduced. To test the activity on established arthritis, IL-10 was administered subcutaneously in the paws. This treatment reduced the swelling but did not block the arthritis process. The effective treatment required 100 micrograms of IL-10 every 12th hour while 50 micrograms of IL-10 had little effect, although a tendency of reduced paw swelling was observed. Surprisingly, therapeutic IL-10 treatment led to higher serum levels of autoantibodies to CII. The highest doses of IL-10 (100 micrograms) did not show any apparent toxic effects when given locally or systematically. Taken together, this study suggests that IL-10 is a candidate for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Using LINQ as an instructional bridge between object-oriented and database programming (2009)

Language integrated query (LINQ) provides a uniform, object-oriented way to access data from heterogeneous sources, and thus simplifies the interaction between object-oriented programming and relational data. We design a mini-course of LINQ programming that aims at bridging the gap between the traditional object-oriented programming course and database programming course. Starting with the prerequisite C# language features, we introduce LINQ programming to students using an object-first approach, go deep into the key components of the LINQ framework, and finally make a smooth and effective transition to database programming.
Bachelor Males (2017)

Bachelor males live outside heterosexual social groups, typically alone or associating with other bachelors in all‐male groups. Resident males must defend their groups against bachelors, who can stage takeovers and become residents themselves. Bachelors have less access to females than do residents and typically sire offspring at lower rates; however, they may be able to make up for this reproductive disadvantage by reproducing for longer or in multiple groups.
Ebola vaccines racing forward at record pace (2014)

Rushing them into widespread use without large-scale trials raises hopes and concerns.
Collective Dynamics in Optomechanical Arrays (2011)

Optomechanical systems couple light stored inside an optical cavity to the motion of a mechanical mode. Recent experiments have demonstrated setups, such as photonic crystal structures, that in principle allow one to confine several optical and vibrational modes on a single chip. Here we start to investigate the collective nonlinear dynamics in arrays of coupled optomechanical cells. We show that such "optomechanical arrays" can display synchronization, and that they can be described by an effective Kuramoto-type model.
Observations in Reliability Analysis of a 1-D Consolidation Problem (2009)

This paper presents the results of a reliability analysis for a one-dimensional consolidation problem. The peculiarity of this problem is that there are two local solutions for the design points, depending on the initial point of the search algorithm in the first-order reliability method, probably due to the non-differentiability of the performance function. One of the local design points is the global solution of the first-order reliability method, while the other is a fake one. Unfortunately, it turns out to be relatively easy to find the fake solution in certain scenarios. This phenomenon of multiple design points is studied and documented in detail in this paper. The analysis results by using other reliability methods are also presented for comparison. Finally, recommendations are given for the suitable reliability methods for this particular example. The conclusion of this paper suggests that cautions should be used when implementing any design-point based reliability method to problems with non-differentiable performance functions.
Resveratrol, a tumor‐suppressive compound from grapes, induces apoptosis via a novel mitochondrial pathway controlled by Bcl‐2 (2001)

ABSTRACT We report that resveratrol (3,5,4′‐trihydroxy‐ trans ‐stilbene), a phytoalexin found in grapes and other plant food, induced a breakdown of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (∆Ψ m ) in T‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and swelling of isolated rat mitochondria. The breakdown of ∆Ψm was accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and preceded phosphatidylserine exposure and DNA fragmentation. Breakdown of ∆Ψm was not caused by the activation of caspase‐8 or Bid, as no significant cleavage of these proteins could be detected in the induction phase of resveratrol‐induced apoptosis. Though loss of ∆Ψm was not followed by cytochrome c translocation to the cytosol, the mitochondrial changes triggered significant activation of caspase‐9, ‐2, ‐3, and ‐6. Inhibition of ∆Ψm breakdown and of ROS generation by N‐acetylcysteine, or by overexpression of Bcl‐2 protein, prevented apoptosis induction by resveratrol. The Bcl‐2 expression status of tumor cells should therefore be considered relevant for potential clinical application of resveratrol as anticancer agent.
Syntheses of <sup>14</sup>C‐mustard‐labelled and <sup>14</sup>C‐leucine‐labelled Asaley (1980)

Abstract The synthesis of Asaley labelled with 14 C in the mustard (Asaley‐must‐ 14 C) or the leucine (Asaley‐leu‐ 14 C) moiety is described. In the former, ethyl pamino‐N α ‐acetyl‐DL‐phenylalanyl‐L‐leucinate was reacted with ethylene oxide(U)‐ 14 C to give the bis(hydroxyethyl)amino analogue, which was converted to Asaley by treatment with thionyl chloride. Asaley labelled in the leucine moiety was prepared by condensation of N‐acetylsarcolysin with ethyl leucinate(U)‐ 14 C in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The identity of the products was established by spectroscopic, chemical, and chromatographic techniques.
PTEN negatively regulates neural stem cell self-renewal by modulating G<sub>0</sub>-G<sub>1</sub>cell cycle entry (2005)

Previous studies have demonstrated that a small subpopulation of brain tumor cells share key characteristics with neural stem/progenitor cells in terms of phenotype and behavior. These findings suggest that brain tumors might contain "cancer stem cells" that are critical for tumor growth. However, the molecular pathways governing such stem cell-like behavior remain largely elusive. Our previous study suggests that the phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) tumor suppressor gene, one of the most frequently mutated genes in glioblastomas, restricts neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation in vivo. In the present study, we sought to determine the role of PTEN in long-term maintenance of stem cell-like properties, cell cycle entry and progression, and growth factor dependence and gene expression. Our results demonstrate an enhanced self-renewal capacity and G(0)-G(1) cell cycle entry and decreased growth factor dependency of Pten null neural/stem progenitor cells. Therefore, loss of PTEN leads to cell physiological changes, which collectively are sufficient to increase the pool of self-renewing neural stem cells and promote their escape from the homeostatic mechanisms of proliferation control.
A comparative study of extracellular vesicle-associated and cell-free DNA and RNA for HPV detection in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (2020)

Our study demonstrates that although HPV-DNA/RNA can be detected in EV associated DNA/RNA, cf-DNA/RNA is the more sensitive liquid biopsy medium. As circulating HPV-DNA levels were found to only correlate with treatment response in the locally advanced but not metastatic setting in our small cohort of patients, the use of HPV-DNA as a dynamic biomarker to monitor treatment response requires further evaluation.
Clinical introduction of an adjustable rigid instrument holder for frameless stereotactic interventions (1997)

Interactive image guidance is now in routine use for open neurosurgical procedures and has demonstrated patient benefits. However, freehand interactive guidance is not an appropriate replacement for the traditional frame-based stereotactic procedures of biopsy, electrode placement, and functional lesioning. These point-based procedures require precise target localization and direct instrument guidance to avoid collateral brain injury. To perform true frameless stereotactic procedures requires a guide that is also adjustable for positioning, lockable, and adaptable to multiple instruments. We describe such a device, which is employed for the guidance of biopsy needles, shunts, electrodes, and endoscopes during neuronavigation. The method of frameless stereotactic biopsy retrieval with an infrared-based neuronavigation system is described, clinical results are given, and further areas of application discussed.
Lucene in action (2005)

Lucene is a rare gem in the Apache Jakarta world?a highly scalable, fast, and pure Java search engine. Its initial attractions are its performance, its simplicity, and its disarming ease-of-use. But there are many caveats, best practices, and examples that users are looking for that are not yet well documented. The lucene-user e-mail list is very active and helpful, but many users seek more guidance and examples. Lucene in Action describes what Lucene is and how it works and most importantly how it can be used in a variety of real-world use cases, such at Nutch. Nutch?an open-source project designed to index the internet very much like Google?is built upon Lucene. Lucene in Action provides readers with best practices, tried and true from the field, including: * Understanding and solving ?analysis paralysis? * Advanced searching techniques, including filtering and custom query parsing techniques. * Handling document types such as Word, PDF, HTML, XML, and others.
Dual Three-Phase Inverter Using a Single Processor to Drive Two Motors in Electric Vehicle Applications (2006)

Typical dual-motor or multiple-motor applications include industrial machine, heating ventilation air conditioning equipment, automobiles, and many others. The traditional method to control a dual-motor is using two separate processors developed for power circuits. In this paper, a proposed control scheme using only one controller to drive a dual-inverter supplying voltage directly to two separate motors is described. The field oriented control (FOC) technique is investigated to control motors in the proposed control configuration. The proposed scheme is absolutely useful and necessary for vehicle applications because its outstanding contribution of reduced number of controllers helps to save space in a car and decreases overall costs in automobile mass production. All control algorithms to drive dual-motor system are implemented by software program only implemented by a digital signal processor (DSP) controller without any additional processor or hardware prototype. Simplicity, flexibility, and possibility of dual three-phase inverter for the two-motor system control in vehicle applications are the major considerations in this study.
Applications of computational modeling in metabolic engineering of yeast (2014)

Generally, a microorganism's phenotype can be described by its pattern of metabolic fluxes. Although fluxes cannot be measured directly, inference of fluxes is well established. In biotechnology the aim is often to increase the capacity of specific fluxes. For this, metabolic engineering methods have been developed and applied extensively. Many of these rely on balancing of intracellular metabolites, redox, and energy fluxes, using genome-scale models (GEMs) that in combination with appropriate objective functions and constraints can be used to predict potential gene targets for obtaining a preferred flux distribution. These methods point to strategies for altering gene expression; however, fluxes are often controlled by post-transcriptional events. Moreover, GEMs are usually not taking into account metabolic regulation, thermodynamics and enzyme kinetics. To facilitate metabolic engineering, tools from synthetic biology have emerged, enabling integration and assembly of naturally nonexistent, but well-characterized components into a living organism. To describe these systems kinetic models are often used and to integrate these systems with the standard metabolic engineering approach, it is necessary to expand the modeling of metabolism to consider kinetics of individual processes. This review will give an overview about models available for metabolic engineering of yeast and discusses their applications.
Cannabis for the Management of Pain: Assessment of Safety Study (COMPASS) (2015)

This study evaluated the safety of cannabis use by patients with chronic pain over 1 year. The study found that there was a higher rate of adverse events among cannabis users compared with controls but not for serious adverse events at an average dose of 2.5 g herbal cannabis per day.
Pharmacophore Modeling Using Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) with Multiple Probe Molecules (2015)

Receptor-based pharmacophore modeling is an efficient computer-aided drug design technique that uses the structure of the target protein to identify novel leads. However, most methods consider protein flexibility and desolvation effects in a very approximate way, which may limit their use in practice. The Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) assisted pharmacophore modeling protocol (SILCS-Pharm) was introduced recently to address these issues, as SILCS naturally takes both protein flexibility and desolvation effects into account by using full molecular dynamics simulations to determine 3D maps of the functional group-affinity patterns on a target receptor. In the present work, the SILCS-Pharm protocol is extended to use a wider range of probe molecules including benzene, propane, methanol, formamide, acetaldehyde, methylammonium, acetate and water. This approach removes the previous ambiguity brought by using water as both the hydrogen-bond donor and acceptor probe molecule. The new SILCS-Pharm protocol is shown to yield improved screening results, as compared to the previous approach based on three target proteins. Further validation of the new protocol using five additional protein targets showed improved screening compared to those using common docking methods, further indicating improvements brought by the explicit inclusion of additional feature types associated with the wider collection of probe molecules in the SILCS simulations. The advantage of using complementary features and volume constraints, based on exclusion maps of the protein defined from the SILCS simulations, is presented. In addition, reranking using SILCS-based ligand grid free energies is shown to enhance the diversity of identified ligands for the majority of targets. These results suggest that the SILCS-Pharm protocol will be of utility in rational drug design.
Evolutionary game theory of growth factor production: implications for tumour heterogeneity and resistance to therapies (2013)

Collective interactions within the tumour can maintain heterogeneity for the production of growth factors and explain why therapies like anti-angiogenic drugs and RNA interference that reduce the amount of available growth factors are effective in the short term but often lead to relapse. Alternative strategies for evolutionarily stable treatments are discussed.
SIP: Understanding the Session Initiation Protocol, Second Edition (2003)

Essential reading for anyone involved in the development and operation of voice or data networks, this also includes brand new discussions on the use of SIP as a wireless communications protocol and mobility technology.
Is there an association between the use of different types of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and radiologic progression of osteoarthritis?: The rotterdam study (2005)

These data suggest that diclofenac may induce accelerated progression of hip and knee ROA. Whether this occurs because of a true deleterious effect on cartilage or because of excessive mechanical loading on a hip following pain relief remains to be investigated.
Between<i>Geist</i>and<i>Zeitgeist</i>: Martin Heidegger as Ideologue of ‘Metapolitical Fascism’ (2005)

Abstract The following article is a response to an ongoing debate over the significance of Martin Heidegger's political affiliation with National Socialism, an association still fiercely contested due the continuing influence of his work on fields as diverse as feminism, ecology and deconstruction. This article attempts to refocus the Heidegger controversy upon ideological grounds by suggesting that his brief identification with, and later movement away from, the reality of the Third Reich was intrinsic to his post‐1930 philosophy. This world view, firmly located within the ideals of ‘Conservative Revolutionary’ thinkers also spurning the practice of Nazism, can be most usefully understood when viewed from an emerging consensus within ‘fascist studies’. When seen from this conceptual framework, Heidegger's project reveals itself to be far more political than previously assumed, illustrating the reasons for its central place within post‐war and contemporary fascist metapolitics.
Molecular Basis for the Association of Group IIA Phospholipase A <sub>2</sub> and Decorin in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions (2000)

Group IIA secretory nonpancreatic phospholipase A(2) (snpPLA(2)) is associated with collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix of human atherosclerotic plaques. Decorin, a small proteoglycan (PG) carrying chondroitin/dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), forms part of the collagen network in human arteries. To explore whether snpPLA(2) may be associated with collagen fibers via interaction with decorin, we performed (1) immunohistochemistry to compare the relative in vivo localization of snpPLA(2) and decorin in human atherosclerotic tissue and (2) in vitro experiments to study the interaction between snpPLA(2) and decorin. In atherosclerotic lesions, decorin was detected within the snpPLA(2)-positive part of the intima close to the media. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that snpPLA(2) binds to decorin synthesized by human fibroblasts. Native and GAG-depleted decorin enhanced the association of snpPLA(2) to collagen types I and VI in a solid-phase binding assay. Furthermore, snpPLA(2) bound efficiently to a recombinant decorin core protein fragment B/E (Asp45-Lys359). This binding was competed with soluble decorin and inhibited at NaCl concentrations >150 mmol/L. The decorin core protein fragment B/E competed better than dermatan sulfate for binding of snpPLA(2) to decorin-coated microtiter wells. The enzymatic activity of snpPLA(2) increased 2- to 3-fold in the presence of decorin or GAG-depleted decorin. The results show that snpPLA(2) binds preferentially to the decorin protein core rather than to the GAG chain and that this interaction enhances snpPLA(2) activity. As a consequence, this active extracellular enzyme may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by modifying lipoproteins and releasing inflammatory lipid mediators at places of lipoprotein retention in the arterial wall.
Solubility of Pharmaceutical Solids (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Fundamentals of solubility Solubility and oral bioavailability Strategies to improve solubility Summary Abbreviations References
Pseudomonas Lipases: Molecular Genetics and Potential Industrial Applications (1994)

Lipases are esterases able to hydrolyze water-insoluble esters such as long-chain triglycerides. These enzymes also catalyze the formation of esters (esterification) and the exchange of ester bonds (transesterification) when present in nonaqueous media. Lipases display a high degree of specificity and enantioselectivity for esterification and transesterification reactions, and thus their potential uses in industry are very wide. These potential industrial applications have been an important driving force for lipase research during the last several years, and in particular for the study of lipases produced by microorganisms. Pseudomonas lipases are very interesting because they display special biochemical characteristics not common among the lipases produced by other microorganisms, such as their thermoresistance and activity at alkaline pHs. Recently, several Pseudomonas genes have been cloned and sequenced, and the regulation of their expression is beginning to be understood. The molecular genetic approach to the study of Pseudomonas lipases will permit the construction of recombinant strains with increased lipase productivity and will provide the opportunity to modify these enzymes to suit particular industrial applications.
Low-Power Time Deinterleaver for ISDB-T Receiver (2012)

A time deinterleaver structure for Terrestrial Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting (ISDB-T) is presented to reduce power consumption in synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM). ISDB-T exploits long time interleaving, which requires many long delay buffers at the deinterleaving of the receiver. The conventional single-pointer structure reduces the number of the pointer registers, but it shows inefficiency with SDRAM. The proposed structure allocates the delay buffers appropriately for reducing the number of SDRAM accesses and row activations and, as a result, the SDRAM power consumption. Experimental result shows that SDRAM power consumption is reduced by 24%.