gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Certain Measures of Speech and Noise Level (1992)

Four different methods of measuring speech and noise level in speech audiometry are compared. The methods differ with regard to the temporal characteristic of the integrator used for determining the level. The four methods are characterized by their so-called detector/indicator characteristics, being 'fast', 'slow', 'impulse', and long-term integration. It is concluded that the method using long-term integration is preferable. If the speech material consists of short speech segments such as isolated words separated by pauses, the long-term rms level should be measured without integrating over the pauses between the speech segments.
Concentration and composition of free amino acids and osmolalities of porcine oviductal and uterine fluid and their effects on development of porcine IVF embryos (2007)

The concentration of free amino acids and the osmolalities in porcine oviductal (OF) and uterine fluids (UFs) on day 3 (D3) and day 5 (D5) were measured by HPLC and Vapor Pressure Osmometer, respectively. Based on these measurements we designed new media based on PZM3 by modifying the amino acid composition and osmolality. The effectiveness of the modified PZM3 on the development of porcine IVF embryos was then investigated. A total of 24 free amino acids were measured, including 20 protein and 4 nonprotein amino acids (beta-alanine, taurine, ornithine, and citrulline). There was no significant difference in the total concentration of amino acids among D3OF (13.06 +/- 3.63 mmol/L), D3UF (10.54 +/- 5.16 mmol/L), or D5UF (10.23 +/- 6.69 mmol/L). But the total concentration of amino acids in D5OF (5.89 +/- 1.47 mmol/L) was significantly lower than the three fluids above. Some individual amino acids varied significantly depending on where they were collected and from which day. The blastocyst rates of porcine IVF embryos were not improved when embryos were cultured in PZM3 with amino acids at D3OF (PZM3-D3OF, 20.3 +/- 7.9%) or D5UF (PZM3-D5UF, 14.3 +/- 10.7%) concentrations or in PZM3-D3OF for the first 48 (20.5 +/- 15.1), 72 (25.6 +/- 10.4), and 96 (18.7 +/- 10.0) hr and then transferred into PZM3-D5UF compared with PZM3 with Sigma amino acid solution (PZM3-SAA) (30.8 +/- 9.1%). However, when IVF embryos were cultured in PZM3-D5UF, the average nuclear number per blastocyst (57.6 +/- 8.3) was increased compared to PZM3-SAA (40.5 +/- 3.5). The osmolalities in D3OF, D3UF, D5OF, and D5UF were 318 +/- 8, 320 +/- 32, 321, and 293 +/- 8 mOsM, respectively. When the IVF embryos were cultured in PZM3-SAA and PZM3-D3OF at a variety of osmolalities (150-360 mOsM), higher blastocyst rates were obtained at 270-300 mOsM in the PZM3-SAA group (24.6-33.9%) and 270-290 mOsM in PZM3-D3OF group (22.4-24.2%). The blastocyst rate gradually decreased when the osmolality was increased or decreased in both groups. When the embryos were cultured in PZM3-SAA at 330 mOsM for the first 72 hr and then transferred to 250 mOsM (33.3 +/- 3.4%), the blastocyst rate was higher than original PZM3 (21.2 +/- 2.2%) (288 mOsM).
One user, one password (2002)

The University of New Hampshire has a history of using centralized Unix accounts to authenticate user access to computers in the public Student Computing Clusters. The advent of Windows 2000 meant that changes would be necessary to support the Active Directory architecture underlying Windows 2000 authentication and authorization. Given limited resources, manually maintaining Active Directory accounts for over 12000 students is an impossibility. A new system was needed to automatically generate an Active Directory account for each and every Unix user and to synchronize password and other account information with as little system administrator intervention as possible. Using a combination of technology from Microsoft and various scripts developed within the UNH Computing and Information Services group, we have created just such a system. For every newly created Unix account, an Active Directory account with an identical user name is generated. Password changes on the Unix systems pass the corresponding password update to the Active Directory domain controllers to assure that the accounts remain synchronized. This system has functioned for a full academic year with only minimal issues. With this infrastructure in place, we hope to be able to leverage it in other fashions.
Inflammatory genes in nasal polyposis (2008)

Cytokines, chemokines and growth factors play an important role in the persistence of mucosal inflammation associated with nasal polyps. Metalloproteinases seem to be crucial in nasal tissue remodeling in these patients. Arachidonic acid metabolites seem to be particularly important in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps in patients with aspirin hypersensitivity. We discuss the contribution of each one for the polyp formation.
Synthesis of 2-arylsuccinates by oxidative 1,2-aryl migration of 3-aroylpropionic acids or 5-arylfuran-2(3H)-ones with Thallium(III) nitrate. (1985)

Treatment of 3-aroylpropionic acids (1) with thallium (III) nitrate causes smooth 1, 2-aryl migration to give dimethyl 2-arylsuccinates (2) in good yields. Similar transformation of 5-arylfuran-2 (3H)-ones (3) with thallium (III) nitrate to 1-methyl 2-arylsuccinates (4) is also described.
Automated optical inspection system for digital TV sets (2011)

This article proposes a real-time test and verification system for full-reference automatic image quality assessment and verification of digital TV sets. Digital camera is used for acquisition of the TV screen content in order to ensure quality assessment of the content as perceived by the user. Test has been executed in three steps: image acquisition by camera, TV screen content extraction and full-reference image quality assessment. The TV screen content is extracted from the captured image in two steps: detection of the TV screen edge and transformation of the TV screen content to dimensions of the reference image. Three image comparison methods are incorporated to perform full-reference image quality assessment. Reference image for quality assessment is obtained either by grabbing the image from TV set or by capturing the TV screen content on the golden sample. Digital camera was later replaced with DSP-based camera for image acquisition and algorithm execution which brought significant performance improvements. The comparison methods were tested under constant and variable illumination conditions. The proposed system is used to automate the verification step on the final production line of digital TV sets. The time required for verification step decreased by a factor of 5 when using the proposed system on the final production line instead of a manual one.
Peroperative cholangiography through the gallbladder (cholecystocholangiography) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (1996)

The indications and best technique for peroperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy remain unclear, but the operation has been associated with an increased use of preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. Cystic duct cholangiography, particularly in the hands of the trainee, can be time consuming, and bile duct injury may be caused by attempts to cannulate the cystic duct. This study analyses 113 consecutive patients undergoing peroperative cholangiography through the gallbladder, or cholecystocholangiography. It was successful in 92 (81.4%) patients, the procedure adding less than 10 min to the operating time. There were no cholangiogram-related complications. Common anatomical variations included both short and particularly wide cystic ducts. This information helps to minimize the risk of damage to the common bile duct. This study demonstrates that cholecystocholangiography is a safe, simple, and effective alternative to cystic duct cholangiography with virtually no "learning curve." It provides a "road-map" of biliary anatomy and identifies common bile duct stones prior to the commencement of dissection. Unsuccessful cholecystocholangiography does not preclude the use of cystic duct cholangiography later in the operation. Difficult anatomy is demonstrated prior to dissection. When unsuspected bile duct calculi necessitate open exploration, further laparoscopic dissection is avoided.
Activity of bis-carbamoyloxymethyl derivatives of pyrroles and pyrrolizines against human tumor xenografts in nude mice. (1982)

The activities of the pyrrolizines, Compounds I and II, and the pyrroles, Compounds IV and V, are reported in nude mouse-grown HT-29 human adenocarcinoma of the colon, DO 1 human oat carcinoma of the lung, and CL 1 human duct cell carcinoma of the breast (coded as CX-1, LX-1, and MX-1, respectively, by the National Cancer Institute). Compounds II and IV were active against all three experimental tumors; both compounds produced significant tumor regression in the human breast tumor xenograft and Compound IV caused tumor regression in the human lung tumor xenograft.
DHT Clustering for Load Balancing Considering Blockchain Data Size (2018)

Blockchain technology which is the fundamental system of Bitcoin running on a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, has attracted a lot of attention. This enables a practical P2P electronic money system with Byzantine fault tolerance and stability with all participating nodes having the same transaction ledger and using a distributed consensus algorithm called Proof of Work (PoW) that performs calculation work called mining. Many studies have proposed methods of enhancing scalability in terms of transaction processing of blockchain, however few studies have proposed them in term of network load in a P2P network architecture. To solve these problems, we propose a method in which all nodes are separated into mining nodes in a pure P2P network and blockchain data having nodes in a distributed hash table (DHT) network. Kademlia is incorporated as DHT network for processing responsible blocks' data for each node cluster and broadcasting efficiently. The results of a broadcast simulation show that our method improved the redundancy rate and average number of messages in the networks.
Patterns of Gene Expression in Different Histotypes of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Correlate with Those in Normal Fallopian Tube, Endometrium, and Colon (2005)

Studies at a molecular level show distinct expression profiles of different histologies of ovarian cancer and support the long-held belief that histotypes of ovarian cancers come to resemble normal fallopian tube, endometrial, and colonic epithelium. Several potential molecular markers for mucinous ovarian cancers have been identified.
High-speed volume rendering using redundant block compression (1995)

Presents a novel volume rendering method which offers high rendering speed on standard workstations. It is based on a lossy data compression scheme which drastically reduces the memory bandwidth and computing requirements of perspective raycasting. Starting from classified and shaded data sets, we use block truncation coding or color cell compression to compress a block of 12 voxels into 32 bits. All blocks of the data set are processed redundantly, yielding a data structure which avoids multiple memory accesses per raypoint. As a side effect, the tri-linear interpolation of data coded in such a way is very much simplified. These techniques allow us to perform walkthroughs at interactive frame rates. Furthermore, the algorithm provides depth-cueing and the semi-transparent display of different materials. The algorithm achieves a sustained frame generation rate of about 2 Hz for large data sets (/spl sim/200/sup 3/) at an acceptable image quality on an SGI Indy workstation. A number of examples are shown.
Beamforming for Millimeter Wave Communications: An Inclusive Survey (2015)

The remarkable growth of wireless data traffic in recent times has driven the need to explore suitable regions in the radio spectrum to meet the projected requirements. In pursuance of this, millimeter wave communications have received considerable attention in the research fraternity. Due to the high path and penetration losses at millimeter wavelengths, antenna beamforming assumes a pivotal role in establishing and maintaining a robust communication link. Beamforming for millimeter wave communications poses a multitude of diverse challenges due to the large channel bandwidth, unique channel characteristics, and hardware constraints. In this paper, we track the evolution and advancements in antenna beamforming for millimeter wave communications in the context of the distinct requirements for indoor and outdoor communication scenarios. We expand the scope of discussion by including the developments in radio frequency system design and implementation for millimeter wave beamforming. We explore the suitability of millimeter wave beamforming methods, both, existing and proposed till midyear 2015, and identify the exciting new prospects unfolding in this domain.
Intracellular water‐specific MR of microbead‐adherent cells: the HeLa cell intracellular water exchange lifetime (2007)

Quantitative characterization of the intracellular water (1)H MR signal from cultured cells will provide critical biophysical insight into the MR signal from tissues in vivo. Microbeads provide a robust immobilization substrate for the many mammalian cell lines that adhere to surfaces and also provide sufficient cell density for observation of the intracellular water MR signal. However, selective observation of the intracellular water MR signal from perfused, microbead-adherent mammalian cells requires highly effective suppression of the extracellular water MR signal. We describe how high-velocity perfusion of microbead-adherent cells results in short apparent (1)H MR longitudinal and transverse relaxation times for the extracellular water in a thin slice selected orthogonal to the direction of flow. When combined with a spin-echo pulse sequence, this phenomenon provides highly effective suppression of the extracellular water MR signal. This new method is exploited here to quantify the kinetics of water exchange from the intracellular to extracellular spaces of HeLa cells. The time constant describing water exchange from intracellular to extracellular spaces, also known as the exchange lifetime for intracellular water, is 119 +/- 14 ms.
The flower of Chimaphila (1927)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
The Application of Atomic Force Microscopy for the Study of Li Deposition Processes (1996)

Li deposition on copper substrates was investigated using atomic force microscopy. The electrolyte solutions included , and solutions in propylene carbonate. This work demonstrated the applicability of atomic force microscopy to the study of Li electrochemistry. It proved that the sensitive electrodes and solutions can be properly isolated from atmospheric contaminants and that surface scanning of the tip leaves the electrode's morphology unchanged Li deposition in solutions was found to be more uniform than Li deposition in solutions. This difference is attributed to the different surface chemistry developed in the two electrolyte solutions as known from previous studies. It was also possible to follow surface film formation on copper upon polarization to potentials higher than those of Li deposition, due to reduction of solution species at low potentials and precipitation of insoluble Li halides, and .
Augmenting Chemosensitivity of Malignant Melanoma Tumors via Proteasome Inhibition (2004)

Melanoma poses a great challenge to patients, oncologists, and biologists because of its nearly universal resistance to chemotherapy. Many studies have shown that nuclear factor kappaB is constitutively activated in melanoma, thereby promoting the proliferation of melanoma cells by inhibiting the apoptotic responses to chemotherapy. Nuclear factor kappaB activity is regulated by phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaB by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In this study, we show that the novel proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, inhibited the growth of melanoma cells in vitro at a concentration range of 0.1-10 nM and in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide, the inhibitory effect on melanoma cell growth was even more prominent. Data from a murine model showed reduced tumor growth when bortezomib was administered to human melanoma tumors. Strikingly, animals receiving bortezomib in combination with temozolomide achieved complete remission of palpable tumors after only 30 days of therapy, lasting >200 days. Our data indicate strongly that bortezomib in combination with chemotherapeutic agents should be studied additionally for the treatment of melanoma.
Exposing weaknesses (2003)

Dear Editor, I write in response to Watson and Haywood’s letter in September’s MHP (7, 1, 8). The authors may be surprised to know that I agree with almost all that they say. I did indeed read Louise Pembroke’s letter and found more I could identify with than in Gournay’s article that they mention (6, 6, 16-17).
Engineering of a bacterial tyrosinase for improved catalytic efficiency towards D‐tyrosine using random and site directed mutagenesis approaches (2013)

The tyrosinase gene from Ralstonia solanacearum (GenBank NP518458) was subjected to random mutagenesis resulting in tyrosinase variants (RVC10 and RV145) with up to 3.2-fold improvement in k(cat), 5.2-fold lower K(m) and 16-fold improvement in catalytic efficiency for D-tyrosine. Based on RVC10 and RV145 mutated sequences, single mutation variants were generated with all variants showing increased k(cat) for D-tyrosine compared to the wild type (WT). All single mutation variants based on RV145 had a higher k(cat) and K(m) value compared to the RV145 and thus the combination of four mutations in RV145 was antagonistic for turnover, but synergistic for affinity of the enzyme for D-tyrosine. Single mutation variant 145_V153A exhibited the highest (6.9-fold) improvement in k(cat) and a 2.4-fold increase in K(m) compared to the WT. Two single mutation variants, C10_N322S and C10_T183I reduced the K(m) up to 2.6-fold for D-tyrosine but one variant 145_V153A increased the K(m) 2.4-fold compared to the WT. Homology based modeling of R. solanacearum tyrosinase showed that mutation V153A disrupts the van der Waals interactions with an α-helix providing one of the conserved histidine residues of the active site. The k(cat) and K(m) values for L-tyrosine decreased for RV145 and RVC10 compared to the WT. RV145 exhibited a 2.1-fold high catalytic efficiency compared to the WT which is a 7.6-fold lower improvement compared to D-tyrosine. RV145 exhibited a threefold higher monophenolase:diphenolase activity ratio for D-tyrosine:D-DOPA and a 1.4-fold higher L-tyrosine:L-DOPA activity ratio compared to the WT.
A class of multirate convolutional codes by dummy bit insertion (2002)

We present a method to construct lower rate codes from a known high rate code by inserting known dummy bits into the information bit sequence before encoding. Like other multirate codes based on puncturing or repetition, this new class of codes can adjust the amount of protection given to the information bits, and can be decoded using the same decoder as for the mother codes. Specifically, we focused on the recursive systematic insertion convolutional (RSIC) codes. Our analysis and simulation results show that the proposed RSIC code achieves a performance which is comparable to the corresponding optimal recursive systematic repetition convolutional (RSRC) code.
Power-aware fair infrastructure formation for wireless mobile ad hoc communications (2002)

In this paper, we propose a novel infrastructure formation protocol for wireless mobile ad hoc networks. In our proposed protocol, namely, the Power-Aware Virtual Base Stations (PA-VBS) protocol, a mobile node is elected from a set of nominees to act as a base station within its zone based on its residual battery capacity. Likewise, we study the characteristics and performance of PA-VBS by means of simulation. It is shown that PA-VBS outperforms other infrastructure-formation protocols in terms of load balancing, and attains fair clustering. PA-VBS is also shown, in our simulation experiments, to react positively to different routing loads. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first time that battery capacity has been used as a basis for developing a wireless mobile infrastructure, and achieving load balancing.
Unraveling the Importance of Protein−Protein Interaction:  Application of a Computational Alanine-Scanning Mutagenesis to the Study of the IgG1 Streptococcal Protein G (C2 Fragment) Complex (2006)

Alanine-scanning mutagenesis of protein-protein interfacial residues is a very important process for rational drug design. In this study, we have used the improved MM-PBSA approach that combining molecular mechanics and continuum solvent permits one to calculate the free energy differences through alanine mutation. To identify the binding determinants of the complex formed between the IgG1 (immunoglobulin-binding protein G) and protein G, we have extended the experimental alanine scanning mutagenesis study to both proteins of this complex and, therefore, to all interfacial residues of this binding complex. As a result, we present new residues that can be characterized as warm spots and, therefore, are important for complex formation. We have further increased the understanding of the functionality of this improved computational alanine-scanning mutagenesis approach testing its sensitivity to a protein-protein complex with an interface made up of residues mainly polar. In this study, we also have improved the method for the detection of an important amino acid residue that frequently constitutes a hot spot--tryptophan.
Applying data mining techniques in job recommender system for considering candidate job preferences (2014)

Job recommender systems are desired to attain a high level of accuracy while making the predictions which are relevant to the customer, as it becomes a very tedious task to explore thousands of jobs, posted on the web, periodically. Although a lot of job recommender systems exist that uses different strategies , here efforts have been put to make the job recommendations on the basis of candidate's profile matching as well as preserving candidate's job behavior or preferences. Firstly, rules predicting the general preferences of the different user groups are mined. Then the job recommendations to the target candidate are made on the basis of content based matching as well as candidate preferences, which are preserved either in the form of mined rules or obtained by candidate's own applied jobs history. Through this technique a significant level of accuracy has been achieved over other basic methods of job recommendations.
A conserved 90 nucleotide element mediates translational repression of <i>nanos</i> RNA (1996)

Correct formation of the Drosophila body plan requires restriction of nanos activity to the posterior of the embryo. Spatial regulation of nanos is achieved by a combination of RNA localization and localization-dependent translation such that only posteriorly localized nanos RNA is translated. Cis-acting sequences that mediate both RNA localization and translational regulation lie within the nanos 3' untranslated region. We have identified a discrete translational control element within the nanos 3' untranslated region that acts independently of the localization signal to mediate translational repression of unlocalized nanos RNA. Both the translational regulatory function of the nanos 3'UTR and the sequence of the translational control element are conserved between D. melanogaster and D. virilis. Furthermore, we show that the RNA helicase Vasa, which is required for nanos RNA localization, also plays a critical role in promoting nanos translation. Our results specifically exclude models for translational regulation of nanos that rely on changes in polyadenylation.