gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tensor Hydraulic Conductivity Estimation for Heterogeneous Aquifers under Unknown Boundary Conditions (2014)

A physically based inverse method is developed using hybrid formulation and coordinate transform to simultaneously estimate hydraulic conductivity tensors, steady-state flow field, and boundary conditions for a confined aquifer under ambient flow or pumping condition. Unlike existing indirect inversion techniques, the physically based method does not require forward simulations to assess model-data misfits. It imposes continuity of hydraulic head and Darcy fluxes in the model domain while incorporating observations (hydraulic heads, Darcy fluxes, or well rates) at measurement locations. Given sufficient measurements, it yields a well-posed inverse system of equations that can be solved efficiently with coarse grids and nonlinear optimization. When pumping and injection are active, well rates are used as measurements and flux sampling is not needed. The method is successfully tested on synthetic aquifer problems with regular and irregular geometries, different hydrofacies and flow patterns, and increasing conductivity anisotropy ratios. All problems yield stable inverse solutions under increasing head measurement errors. For a given set of observations, inversion accuracy is strongly affected by the conductivity anisotropy ratio. Conductivity estimation is also affected by flow pattern: within a hydrofacies, when Darcy flux component is very small, the corresponding directional conductivity perpendicular to streamlines becomes less identifiable. Finally, inversion is successful even if the location of aquifer boundaries is unknown. In this case, the inversion domain is defined by the location of the measurements.
A new approach to business processes (1993)

This paper presents a methodology for analyzing and designing the processes that an enterprise uses to conduct its business. The methodology builds upon traditional approaches to business process definition by adding the dimension of people's accountabilities: their roles, relationships, and agreements. The approach presented allows for unique insights into customer satisfaction, employee empowerment, and quality. It also provides a basis for spanning the concerns of both business people and information technologists responsible for providing business process automation.
Proteolytic activation of protein kinase C‐ɛ (1990)

Proteolysis of native protein kinase C-epsilon (PKC-epsilon) is shown to occur through tryptic attack at multiple sites within the PKC-epsilon V2/V3 domain. Following initial cleavage of PKC-epsilon with trypsin, the kinase activity using a synthetic peptide substrate was found to be lipid/phorbol-ester independent, as observed for other members of this kinase family. Interestingly, there is also an increase in the histone kinase activity, indicating that there is an influence of the regulatory domain of the enzyme on substrate specificity. This is discussed in the context of alternatively spliced PKC-epsilon mRNAs that are shown to be present in brain and lung tissues.
2D Dual-Tree Complex Biorthogonal M-Band Wavelet Transform (2007)

Dual-tree wavelet transforms have recently gained popularity since they provide low-redundancy directional analyses of images. In our recent work, dyadic real dual-tree decompositions have been extended to the M-band case, so adding much flexibility to this analysis tool. In this work, we propose to further extend this framework on two fronts by considering (i) biorthogonal and (ii) complex M-band dual-tree decompositions. Denoising results are finally provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed design rules.
A Linux Real-Time Packet Scheduler for Reliable Static SDN Routing (2017)

In a distributed computing environment, guaranteeing the hard deadline for real-time messages is essential to ensure schedulability of real-time tasks. Since capabilities of the shared resources for transmission are limited, e.g., the buffer size is limited on network devices, it becomes a challenge to design an effective and feasible resource sharing policy based on both the demand of real-time packet transmissions and the limitation of resource capabilities. We address this challenge in two cooperative mechanisms. First, we design a static routing algorithm to find forwarding paths for packets to guarantee their hard deadlines. The routing algorithm employs a validation-based backtracking procedure capable of deriving the demand of a set of real-time packets on each shared network device, and it checks whether this demand can be met on the device. Second, we design a packet scheduler that runs on network devices to transmit messages according to our routing requirements. We implement these mechanisms on virtual software-defined network (SDN) switches and evaluate them on real hardware in a local cluster to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our routing algorithm and packet scheduler.
The Development of Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography (1981)

I. INTRODUCTION Pyrolysis gas chromatography (PGC) is an indirect method of investigation in which the sample is pyrolyzed, the resulting volatile products are analyzed by gas chromatógraphy (GC), and the substance under investigation is characterized on the basis of GC of the volatile products of its pyrolysis. By qualitative and quantitative analysis of the products formed in the pyrolysis of the sample, one can determine the structure and composition of the system under study. Unlike other chemical methods widely used in PGC, pyrolysis is a complex reaction normally proceeding in many directions and involving many stages. Nevertheless, despite these difficulties, the resulting products are adequately representative of the composition and structure of the pyrolyzed samples, which is precisely what makes PGC a valuable method and provides for its development.
Photo-resist for "photo-additive" printed wiring boards. (1988)

フォトレジストを用いたアディティブ法―「フォトァディティブ法」に適したフォトレジストの開発を行った。このレジストは, 50μmの配線を形成しえる解像力を有し, 高密度配線を有するプリント回路基板が製造可能である。またソルダレジストとしてもすぐれた機械的, 熱的, 化学的, 電気的特性を有しており, これらは高温, 強アルカリ性条件下で長時間行われる無電解銅めっき処理後も変化せず, めっき条件下で, すぐれた安定性を示す。このほかに, このレジストは基材として使用したガラスエポキシ積層板とほぼ同等の熱的特性―ガラス転移温度および熱膨張係数を有し, 内層基材上に永久レジストとして多層基板を作製しても, 基板全体の熱的信頼性を低下させない。このことは, フォトアディティブ法によって4層基板を試作し, その熱的特性が従来法によって製造されたものとほぼ同等であることから確認された。
A Rapid Accurate Electrochemical Method for Serum Uric Acid (1972)

Abstract An electrochemical technique for the rapid clinical analysis of serum uric acid is described. This method, in contrast to the widely used phosphotungstate and uricase methods, requires no sample manipulation and uses no reagents. Uric acid concentration is read out digitally in four seconds.
On the optimal transmission strategy for the MIMO MAC with MMSE receiver (2004)

We study the multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multiple access channel (MAC) under the assumption that the base station performs linear multiuser minimum mean-square error (MMSE) detection. We derive the average sum MSE and minimize it under a sum power constraint with respect to the transmit covariance matrices of the users. Furthermore, we characterize the optimum power allocation among the users in regard to the single-user region. For low SNR values, the optimum strategy is to have only the best user transmitting at a time. The single-user region decreases with the number of receive antennas at the base station and with the number of users in the system. In addition, we derive the individual MSE using single user MMSE detectors and study the fulfillment of MSE requirements. We illustrate all theoretical results by numerical simulations.
Gaussian process modeling of large‐scale terrain (2009)

Abstract Building a model of large‐scale terrain that can adequately handle uncertainty and incompleteness in a statistically sound way is a challenging problem. This work proposes the use of Gaussian processes as models of large‐scale terrain. The proposed model naturally provides a multiresolution representation of space, incorporates and handles uncertainties aptly, and copes with incompleteness of sensory information. Gaussian process regression techniques are applied to estimate and interpolate (to fill gaps in occluded areas) elevation information across the field. The estimates obtained are the best linear unbiased estimates for the data under consideration. A single nonstationary (neural network) Gaussian process is shown to be powerful enough to model large and complex terrain, effectively handling issues relating to discontinuous data. A local approximation method based on a “moving window” methodology and implemented using k ‐dimensional (KD)‐trees is also proposed. This enables the approach to handle extremely large data sets, thereby completely addressing its scalability issues. Experiments are performed on large‐scale data sets taken from real mining applications. These data sets include sparse mine planning data, which are representative of a global positioning system–based survey, as well as dense laser scanner data taken at different mine sites. Further, extensive statistical performance evaluation and benchmarking of the technique has been performed through cross‐validation experiments. They conclude that for dense and/or flat data, the proposed approach will perform very competitively with grid‐based approaches using standard interpolation techniques and triangulated irregular networks using triangle‐based interpolation techniques; for sparse and/or complex data, however, it would significantly outperform them. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and Characterization of High-T<sub>c</sub> Superconducting Oxides by the Modified Citrate Gel Process (1989)

High- T c superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O, Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O, and Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O materials were synthesized using a modified citrate precursor process. Ethylenediamine was used to neutralize the metal citrate solution and facilitate the complex formation. Highly homogeneous and viscous gel without any precipitation was obtained. In the Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O system, the Ca-Ba-Cu-O precursor was first prepared by the sol-gel method, then mixed with thallium oxide for final sintering. The complex formation was monitored by UV/VIS spectrophotometry. The thermal decomposition of gels and the formation of superconducting phases had been studied using IR, DTA, TGA, and XRD. This process is highly reproducible and leads to powders with excellent homogeneity and small particle size for easy sinterability.
Advanced mitigating techniques to remove the effects of wind turbines and wind farms on primary surveillance radars (2008)

In the past decade many countries have launched programs to deploy wind turbines as alternative sources of electrical energy. When deployed in wind farms this technology has raised concerns from both air traffic control (ATC) and military authorities. This is due to the fact that the turbine blades return radar echoes that have the potential to distract and confuse the air traffic picture by creating false detections that can effectively mask genuine aircraft returns. Most of the mitigation solutions offered today are either primarily based on such measures as range-azimuth gating or inhibiting track initiation in the vicinity of wind farms. These draconian measures can result in a significant degradation in radar performance and potential air traffic control disruption. They may also require costly redesign of the existing radars. This paper presents a set of 'clean' solutions that mitigate, and in some cases completely eliminate the effect of wind turbine returns. The solution is based on the combination of discrimination techniques applied at the pre-detection, detection and post detection stages of the radar signal processing chain. The suit of mitigation solutions developed does not adversely affect aircraft detection, and can be readily retrofitted to the existing ATC primary surveillance radars (PSR).
Real‐time tumor‐tracking radiation therapy for lung carcinoma by the aid of insertion of a gold marker using bronchofiberscopy (2002)

The insertion of a gold marker into or near peripheral-type lung tumors using bronchofiberscopy is a feasible and safe technique. Excellent initial response and low incidence of clinical complications suggest that the high dose hypofractionated focal irradiation using the RTRT system can be a good local treatment for peripheral-type lung tumors.
Comparison of <i>in vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> Models to Assess Venous Irritation of Parenteral Antibiotics (1990)

Comparison of in vitro and In vivo Models to Assess Venous Irritation of Parenteral Antibiotics. HOOVER, D. M., GARDNER, J. B., TIMMERMAN, T. L., KLEPFER, J. A., LASKA, D. A., WHITE, S. L., MCGRATH, J. P., BUENING, M. K., AND WILLIAMS, P. D. (1990). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 14, 589–597. The venous irritation potential of four parenteral antibiotics, tetracycline hydrochloride (TET), erythromycin lactobionate (ERY), amphotericin B (AMP), and cephalori-dine (CEP), was evaluated in an In vivo model using the rabbit ear vein. Lateral ear veins of New Zealand White rabbits were infused for 1 hr with test solutions containing TET (0.25, 2.5, or 10 mg/ml), ERY (2.5, 5, or 25 mg/ml), AMP (0.05, 0.1, or 0.5 mg/ml), or CEP (4 or 20 mg/ml). Control rabbits received comparable volumes of 0.9% NaCl or 5% dextrose. Approximately 24 hr postinfusion, the rabbits were evaluated for visually evident changes in the treated ears. Pathologic evaluation of the veins was performed using histologic sections and scanning electron microscopy. TET, ERY, and AMP caused concentration-dependent changes in veins characterized primarily by loss of endothelium with associated inflammation and thrombus formation, consistent with the known clinical irritancy of these antibiotics. CEP, on the other hand, was well tolerated in the rabbit ear vein, paralleling its low irritancy potential in man. Test solutions identical to those used In vivo in rabbits were also evaluated in established in vitro assays for hemolytic potential when mixed with whole blood from monkeys and for damage to L6 muscle cells as determined by loss of creatine phosphokinase. Results of the in vitro test systems paralleled those of the rabbit ear model, with TET, ERY, and AMP exhibiting dose-dependent hemol-ysis and muscle cell toxicity, while CEP was comparatively nontoxic. Of the three models, the rabbit ear vein had the greatest sensitivity when histopathologic evaluation was employed. The in vitro muscle cell toxicity test was slightly less sensitive than the In vivo model, followed by the in vitro hemolysis test. Results indicate that the use of these in vitro and In vivo models to evaluate venous irritancy may assist prec.linical assessment of potential clinical reactions to new parenteral drug formulations.
Development of Machine Learning Flood Model Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) at Var River (2022)

Data-driven flow forecasting models, such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), are increasingly used for operational flood warning systems. In this research, we systematically evaluate different machine learning techniques (random forest and decision tree) and compare them with classical methods of the NAM rainfall run-off model for the Vésubie River, Nice, France. The modeled network is trained and tested using discharge, precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration data for about four years (2011–2014). A comparative investigation is executed to assess the performance of the model by using Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and a correlation coefficient (R). According to the result, Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) (a type of ANN) models are less efficient than NAM models. The precision parameters correlation coefficient of ANN is 0.58 and for the NAM model is 0.76 for the validation dataset. In all machine learning models, the decision tree which performed best had a correlation coefficient of 0.99. ANN validation data prediction is good compared to the training, which is the opposite in the NAM model. ANN can be improved by fitting more input variables in the training dataset for a long period.
Inhibition of Biosynthesis of Polyisoprenol Sugars in Chick Embryo Microsomes by Tunicamycin (1975)

Journal Article Inhibition of Biosynthesis of Polyisoprenol Sugars in Chick Embryo Microsomes by Tunicamycin Get access Akira Takatsuki, Akira Takatsuki Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kenji Kohno, Kenji Kohno Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Gakuzo Tamura Gakuzo Tamura Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 39, Issue 10, 1 October 1975, Pages 2089–2091, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1975.10861914 Published: 01 October 1975 Article history Received: 13 August 1975 Published: 01 October 1975
Demonstration of a waveguide regime for a silica hollow - core microstructured optical fiber with a negative curvature of the core boundary in the spectral region > 35 μm (2011)

We present a numerical and experimental demonstration of a waveguide regime in a broad band spectral range for the hollow core microstructured optical fibers (HC MOFs) made of silica with a negative curvature of the core boundary. It is shown that HC MOFs with the cladding consisting only of one row of silica capillaries allows to guide light from the near to mid infrared despite of high material losses of silica in this spectral region. Such result can be obtained by a special arrangement of cladding capillaries which leads to a change in the sign of the core boundary curvature. The change in the sign of the core boundary curvature leads to a loss of simplicity of boundary conditions for core modes and to "localization" and limitation of their interaction with the cladding material in space. Such HC MOFs made of different materials can be potential candidates for solving problem of ultra high power transmission including transmission of CO and CO2 laser radiation.
Laser initiation of an electrical discharge channel in cesium contained gas (1986)

A high power laser light tuned to the resonance line (455.5 nm) of the cesium atom induced photoionization in argon buffer gas and initiated a channel discharge of 60 cm length. The time lag from the laser injection to the channel breakdown was observed and compared with numerical result based on a simple model of the discharge channel. It was confirmed that good agreement was obtained between both time lags. A simple model well described the fundamental characteristic of the channel breakdown.
Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and HPV‐16 E6/E7 sensitize human keratinocytes to apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents: Roles of p53 and caspase activation (2000)

We and others have previously reported that human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 E6 protein expression sensitizes certain cell types to apoptosis. To confirm that this sensitization occurred in HPV's natural host cells, and to explore the mechanism(s) of sensitization, we infected human keratinocytes (HKCs) with retroviruses containing HPV-6 E6, HPV-16 E6, HPV-16 E7, or HPV-16 E6/E7. Apoptosis was monitored by DNA fragmentation gel analysis and direct observation of nuclei in cells stained with DAPI. Exposure of HKCs to etoposide, cisplatin, mitomycin C (MMC), atractyloside, and sodium butyrate, resulted in a time and dose-dependent induction of apoptosis. Expression of HPV-16 E6 and HPV-16 E6/E7, but not HPV-6 E6 or HPV-16 E7, enhanced the sensitivity of HKCs to cisplatin-, etoposide- and MMC-, but not atractyloside- or sodium butyrate-induced apoptosis. Expression of both HPV-16 E6 and HPV-16 E6/E7 decreased, but did not abolish, p53 protein levels relative to normal HKCs, and resulted in cytoplasmic localization of wt p53. P53 induction occurred in HPV-16 E6 and HPV-16 E6/E7 expressing cells after exposure to cisplatin or MMC, though never to levels found in normal untreated HKCs. P21 levels were decreased in HPV-16 E6 and HPV-16 E6/E7 expressing HKCs, and no induction of p21 was seen in these cells following exposure to cisplatin or MMC. Caspase-3 activity was found to be elevated in HPV-16 E6-expressing HKCs following exposure to cisplatin and MMC as documented by fluorometric and Western Blot analysis. Expression of wt CrmA or treatment of HPV-16 E6 expressing HKCs with the caspase-3 inhibitor DEVD.fmk prevented HPV-16 E6-induced sensitization in HKCs. These results suggest that HPV-16 E6 and HPV-16 E6/E7 expression sensitizes HKCs to apoptosis caused by cisplatin, etoposide and MMC, but not atractyloside or sodium butyrate. The data also suggest that wt p53 and caspase-3 activity are required for HPV-16 E6 and HPV-16 E6/E7-induced sensitization of HKCs to DNA damaging agents. J. Cell. Biochem. 78:334–349, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Defect annealing studies on metals by positron annihilation and electrical resitivity measurements (1978)

Doppler-broadening positron-annihilation measurements combined with electrical-resistivity measurements were performed on Cu and Al samples, irradiated by high-energy electrons at liquid-helium temperature. A defect-specific parameter $R$ was determined from the shape of the 511-keV annihilation line. The $R$ parameter is found to be independent of the defect concentration $C$ and the positron trapping constant $\ensuremath{\mu}$ within the framework of the two-state trapping model. During isochronal annealing of electron-irradiated copper the line-shape parameter $\ensuremath{\Delta}{I}_{v}$ increases in stage III, whereas the electrical resistivity decreases, indicating a reduction in the Frenkel-defect concentration. These two combined effects and the pronounced steps in the $R$ parameter during stage-III annealing, which are found to be dose independent, signify that radiation-produced vacancies become mobile and coalesce into clusters before they anneal out. The positron trapping constant $\ensuremath{\mu}$ for vacancies in Cu was determined to be $\ensuremath{\mu}=(4.25\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}0.8)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{14}$ ${\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. Furthermore, the annealing behavior of copper and aluminum samples, deformed plastically at 77 K and irradiated at 4.2 K by electrons, respectively, is discussed. In both cases no indication for the formation of vacancy agglomerates is found during annealing. The $R$-parameter analysis is also applied to the data for electron-irradiated Mo, as reported by Eldrup et al.
The LAMBADA dataset: Word prediction requiring a broad discourse context (2016)

We introduce LAMBADA, a dataset to evaluate the capabilities of computational models for text understanding by means of a word prediction task. LAMBADA is a collection of narrative passages sharing the characteristic that human subjects are able to guess their last word if they are exposed to the whole passage, but not if they only see the last sentence preceding the target word. To succeed on LAMBADA, computational models cannot simply rely on local context, but must be able to keep track of information in the broader discourse. We show that LAMBADA exemplifies a wide range of linguistic phenomena, and that none of several state-of-the-art language models reaches accuracy above 1% on this novel benchmark. We thus propose LAMBADA as a challenging test set, meant to encourage the development of new models capable of genuine understanding of broad context in natural language text.