gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
INSM1: A Novel Immunohistochemical and Molecular Marker for Neuroendocrine and Neuroepithelial Neoplasms (2015)

INSM1 expression was significantly increased in neoplastic vs nonneoplastic tissue. Furthermore, among midgut GI-NENs, neoplasms with known metastases showed significantly higher expression than those that had not yet metastasized.
The field emitter triode as a displacement/pressure sensor (1993)

By operating the field emitter triode in the collector-assisted field emission mode, a strong dependency of the collector current as a function of emitter-to-collector distance is obtained. This property can be used in the construction of displacement and/or pressure sensors. Experimental results are presented for a silicon emitter array. These include displacement measurements under DC and AC conditions, sensitivity, and temperature dependency from room temperature to 200 degrees C. From experimental data, model parameters for the Fowler-Nordheim equation are deduced. These parameters can then be used to calculate the performance of the device as a function of gate and collector voltages and of deflection.
Influence of moisture on the persistence of chlorpyrifos and chlorfenvinphos in sterile and natural mineral and organic soils (1984)

Abstract Chlorpyrifos and chlorfenvinphos persistences were examined (concentration ‐ 10 μg/g) in sterile and natural mineral (sandy loam) and organic (muck) soils at 4 moisture levels; air‐dry, and 20, 40 and 60% of moisture holding capacity at 28°C. Chlorpyrifos was fairly stable in sterile soils, with ca. 50% remaining at the end of the 24 wk experiment. In natural soils, chlorpyrifos disappeared most rapidly from air‐dry soil; slightly less rapidly from the 3 moist soils. Chlorfenvinphos was fairly stable in sterile soils, with >50% remaining at 24 wk at all moisture levels. In natural soils chlorfenvinphos, in contrast to chlorpyrifos, was more stable in air‐dry soils. In moist loam the disappearance rates of chlorfenvinphos were similar for all 3 moisture levels; but in moist muck its disappearance was proportional to the moisture content. “Cis”; (ca 10% of the technical material) and “trans”; chlorfenvinphos disappeared at the same rate in sterile soils. In natural soils the “cis”; isomer disappeared about twice as fast, suggesting specific microbial degradation.
Pyrone studies. Linear α-pyrone route to protected β-polyketones (1968)

Preliminary studies on an alternative polypyrone route to protected β-polyketo acid chains are reported. The synthesis of the basic pyrone units involved and their conversion to C-3 acylated compounds are described.
EFECT OF pH BUFFERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GELLAN GELS (1999)

ABSTRACT The strength and deformability of calcium cross‐linked gellan gels as affected by pH 3.5 and 5.0 citrate and acetate buffers were measured by large compressive deformation test until failure. The trend of dependence of gel strength on polymer and calcium concentrations was similar to gels formed in distilled water without pH adjustment. A critical calcium concentration was observed for each gellan concentration. Gels formed at the critical calcium concentration exhibited the maximum strength. The chelating effect of pH 5.0 citrate buffer greatly increased the critical calcium concentration. The failure strain, representing the deformability, of gellan gels formed in buffers behaved differently from gels formed in distilled water. In the pH 3.5 buffer systems, gellan gels were brittle regardless of gellan and calcium concentrations. In the pH 5.0 buffer systems, gellan gels were brittle at high calcium concentrations and ductile at calcium concentrations less than 24 mM in citric buffer and less than 6 mM in acetate buffer.
Electroluminescence from ZnO-nanofilm/Si-micropillar heterostructure arrays (2012)

ZnO-nanofilm/Si-micropillar p-n nanoheterostructure arrays were prepared by growing n-type ZnO onto a p-type nanoporous Si pillar array. Its current-voltage characteristics of nanoheterostructure showed good rectifying behavior with onset voltage of ~1.5 V, forward current density of ~28.7 mA/cm(2) at 2.5 V, leakage current density of ~0.15 mA/cm(2) and rectifying ratio of ~121 at ± 2.5 V. The electron transport across nanohetreostructure obeys the trap-charge-limit current model. Moreover, strong white light electroluminescence from ZnO-nanofilm/Si-micropillar light-emitting diode (LED) has been achieved, which could open up possibilities to build new ZnO/Si-based highly efficient solid-state lighting devices.
Optimization of protein sample preparation for two‐dimensional electrophoresis (2012)

Optimized 2DE sample preparation protocols that maximize total protein recovery are fundamental to improving proteome capture and increasing the utility of 2DE, which is in part limited by inadequate recovery of proteins with diverse physicochemical properties. Maintaining protein solubility is an important factor for protein recovery, but the multitude of solubility-enhancing agents and the relatively low-throughput nature of 2DE limit the systematic study of sample preparation. In this work, design of experiment (DOE) approaches are used to optimize protein recovery by altering the levels of four solubility-enhancing agents (urea, DTT, CHAPS, and SDS) in the initial suspension solution. Protein recovery is quantified by a total protein concentration assay, which is demonstrated to be representative of SDS-PAGE and 2DE recovery. DOE methodologies are presented as relatively high-throughput procedures for optimizing 2DE sample preparation parameters for a variety of sample types. Optimal suspension solution compositions are shown to vary across a model protein solution (no urea or DTT), Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lysate (8 M urea, ≥2% CHAPS, ≥32.5 mM DTT), and Escherichia coli cell lysate (8 M urea, 4% CHAPS, 65 mM DTT), with optimized conditions increasing 2DE protein recovery at least 50% compared to suboptimal conditions.
A conserved epitope on a subset of SR proteins defines a larger family of Pre-mRNA splicing factors. (1995)

The removal of introns from eukaryotic pre-mRNA occurs in a large ribonucleoprotein complex called the spliceosome. We have generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb 16H3) against four of the family of six SR proteins, known regulators of splice site selection and spliceosome assembly. In addition to the reactive SR proteins, SRp20, SRp40, SRp55, and SRp75, mAb 16H3 also binds approximately 20 distinct nuclear proteins in human, frog, and Drosophila extracts, whereas yeast do not detectably express the epitope. The antigens are shown to be nuclear, nonnucleolar, and concentrated at active sites of RNA polymerase II transcription which suggests their involvement in pre-mRNA processing. Indeed, most of the reactive proteins observed in nuclear extract are detected in spliceosomes (E and/or B complex) assembled in vitro, including the U1 70K component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle and both subunits of U2AF. Interestingly, the 16H3 epitope was mapped to a 40-amino acid polypeptide composed almost exclusively of arginine alternating with glutamate and aspartate. All of the identified antigens, including the human homolog of yeast Prp22 (HRH1), contain a similar structural element characterized by arginine alternating with serine, glutamate, and/or aspartate. These results indicate that many more spliceosomal components contain such arginine-rich domains. Because it is conserved among metazoans, we propose that the "alternating arginine" domain recognized by mAb 16H3 may represent a common functional element of pre-mRNA splicing factors.
Mitigating access-driven timing channels in clouds using StopWatch (2013)

This paper presents StopWatch , a system that defends against timing-based side-channel attacks that arise from coresidency of victims and attackers in infrastructure-as-a-service clouds. StopWatch triplicates each cloud-resident guest virtual machine (VM) and places replicas so that the three replicas of a guest VM are coresident with nonoverlapping sets of (replicas of) other VMs. StopWatch uses the timing of I/O events at a VM's replicas collectively to determine the timings observed by each one or by an external observer, so that observable timing behaviors are similarly likely in the absence of any other individual, coresident VM. We detail the design and implementation of StopWatch in Xen, evaluate the factors that influence its performance, and address the problem of placing VM replicas in a cloud under the constraints of StopWatch so as to still enable adequate cloud utilization.
Exopolysaccharides from Marine and Marine Extremophilic Bacteria: Structures, Properties, Ecological Roles and Applications (2018)

The marine environment is the largest aquatic ecosystem on Earth and it harbours microorganisms responsible for more than 50% of total biomass of prokaryotes in the world. All these microorganisms produce extracellular polymers that constitute a substantial part of the dissolved organic carbon, often in the form of exopolysaccharides (EPS). In addition, the production of these polymers is often correlated to the establishment of the biofilm growth mode, during which they are important matrix components. Their functions include adhesion and colonization of surfaces, protection of the bacterial cells and support for biochemical interactions between the bacteria and the surrounding environment. The aim of this review is to present a summary of the status of the research about the structures of exopolysaccharides from marine bacteria, including capsular, medium released and biofilm embedded polysaccharides. Moreover, ecological roles of these polymers, especially for those isolated from extreme ecological niches (deep-sea hydrothermal vents, polar regions, hypersaline ponds, etc.), are reported. Finally, relationships between the structure and the function of the exopolysaccharides are discussed.
從儒家倫理學到“儒家生命倫理學”的距離 (2011)

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.生命倫理學由於強調平等和尊重的價值而使個體在道德困境中的抉擇顯得尤為重要，同時道德困境本身也要求個體具有一定的道德抉擇能力。就此而言，構建“儒家生命倫理”可能面臨兩個挑戰：從生命倫理學科性質而言，儒家面臨的是關於西方式“個體”概念缺失的問題；另外從個體抉擇方面而言，儒家似乎又面臨著缺乏道德抉擇能力的困境。前者是生命倫理學科的本質要求，後者則似乎是儒學內部的理論困境。二者似乎表明，儒家與生命倫理學科不能相容。面對當下中國令人憂慮的道德現狀，澄清上述問題就顯得必要。本文將通過分析儒家倫理思想來澄清上述兩個挑戰。由於儒家理解世界的方式不同於西方，我們就不能以西方流行的生命倫理學科標準來衡量儒家倫理學說。文章指出，儒家將一般人與儒者區別開來，也並不以要求君子的道德標準來要求一般人。儒家將承擔道義的責任更多的賦予了代表“天命”的儒者，以道在倫常日用之中的實用理性精神為本質特徵，開創了儒家理解道德和解決道德困境的獨特維度。然而，鑒於當代儒家的遭遇，構建“儒家生命倫理”依舊任重道遠。Contemporary bioethics and moral principles often emphasize values such as human dignity, equality, and individual autonomy, particularly in the case of moral dilemmas. Given that traditional Confucian ethics does not speak of these values, the effort to construct “Confucian bioethics” today may face challenges from two aspects: (1) the notion of individualism, and (2) individual autonomy that makes moral choices possible. The paper contends that there is an ethical incommensurability between traditional Confucian moral philosophy and contemporary bioethics. This leads to the argument that one cannot simply apply the moral principles of bioethics to assess and judge Confucian ethics. It also contends that the Confucian ethical viewpoint represents a kind of elitism that sets up moral standards for a minority, rather than for everyone in society. Therefore, Confucianism by default will not be able to answer many of the questions raised by bioethics, which has been highly influenced by a modern democratic system.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 673 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
Simple topologies of PWM AC-AC converters (2003)

This letter proposes a new family of simple topologies of PWM AC-AC converters with minimal switches. With extension from the basic DC-DC converters, a series of AC-AC converters such as buck, boost, buck-boost, Cuk, and isolated converters are obtained. By PWM duty ratio control, they become a "solid-state transformer" with a continuously variable turns ratio. All the proposed AC-AC converters in this paper employ only two switches. Compared to the existing circuits that use six switches or more, they can reduce cost and improve reliability. The operating principle and control method of the proposed topologies are presented. Analysis and simulation results are given using the Cuk AC-AC converter as an example. The analysis can be easily extended to other converters of the proposed family.
Improved results with a paramedian technique for the insertion of peritoneal dialysis catheters. (1985)

Three hundred and twenty-three permanent peritoneal dialysis catheters were inserted in 233 patients by two different methods (midline and paramedian). The paramedian technique resulted in a reduction in the incidence of dialysate leak, incisional hernia and extrusion of the cuff. These results have led to the abandonment of the midline insertion and the exclusive use of the paramedian technique for permanent dialysis catheter insertion at our institution.
Source&#8212;Drain contact resistance in CMOS with self-aligned TiSi<sub>2</sub> (1987)

The contact resistance between TiSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> source-drain in CMOS is studied for a variety of junction profiles and silicide thicknesses. It is shown that the measured contact resistance is consistent with the transmission-line model for electrically long contacts. The contact contribution to the total device series resistance can be significant if excessive silicon is consumed during silicide formation. Contact resistivities of 3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> and 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> Ω . cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> can be obtained for 0.15-0.20-µm-deep arsenic and boron junctions, respectively, if the interface doping concentration is kept at 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">20</sup> /cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Furthermore, low-temperature measurements show that the contact resistivity is nearly constant from 300 to 77 K, as would be expected from a tunneling-dominated current transport at the TiSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> and TiSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> interfaces.
High‐Yield Synthesis of [2] Catenanes by Intramolecular Ring‐Closing Metathesis (1997)

Almost quantitative formation of interlocking rings results upon cyclization of threaded or intertwined complexes. The synthesis concept is based on the combination of three-dimensional template effects and ruthenium benzylidene catalyzed ring-closing metathesis (RCM, see below)
A Self-Organizing Neural Model for Fault-Tolerant Control of Redundant Robots (2007)

This paper describes a self-organizing neural model that is capable of controlling the kinematics of robots with redundant degrees of freedom. The self-organized learning process is based on action perception cycles where the robot is perturbed minimally about a given joint configuration and learns to map these perturbations to changes in sensor readings corresponding to these minimal perturbations. This motor babbling phase provides self-generated movement commands that activate correlated sensory, spatial and motor information that are used to learn an internal coordinate transformation between sensory and motor systems. This idea was tested on two different tasks: reaching targets in 2-D space with a three degree of freedom robot and saccading to targets in 3-D with a twelve degree of freedom head-neck-eye system. Computer simulations show that the resulting controller is highly fault-tolerant and robust to previously unseen disturbances much like biological systems.
Superalloys: a technical guide (1988)

Superalloys: a technical guide , Superalloys: a technical guide , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Immune System Stimulation by Probiotic Microorganisms (2013)

Probiotic organisms are claimed to offer several functional properties including stimulation of immune system. This review is presented to provide detailed informations about how probiotics stimulate our immune system. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus casei Shirota, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12, Lactobacillus johnsonii La1, Bifidobacterium lactis DR10, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii are the most investigated probiotic cultures for their immunomodulation properties. Probiotics can enhance nonspecific cellular immune response characterized by activation of macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in strain-specific and dose-dependent manner. Mixture and type (gram-positive and gram-negative) of probiotic organisms may induce different cytokine responses. Supplementation of probiotic organisms in infancy could help prevent immune-mediated diseases in childhood, whereas their intervention in pregnancy could affect fetal immune parameters, such as cord blood interferon (IFN)-γ levels, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 levels, and breast milk immunoglobulin (Ig)A. Probiotics that can be delivered via fermented milk or yogurt could improve the gut mucosal immune system by increasing the number of IgA(+) cells and cytokine-producing cells in the effector site of the intestine.
Active plasmonic components employing extreme light concentration (2008)

Plasmonics is an exploding new field of science and technology in which the flow of light can be molded at the nanoscale using metallic nanostructures. This newly found ability is rapidly impacting every facet of optics and photonics and is enabling a myriad of exciting new technologies.
Opengl-Based Control of Semi-Active 3D Display (2008)

We present a system for 3D visualisation, which combines user-tracking, used by displays with steerable optics, with generation of multiple views, typical for displays with fixed optical filter. Instead of eye-tracking, typical for the user- tracking approach, we propose a less computationally demanding head tracking, based on face detection. We investigate if the precise delivery of different images to each eye of the observer can be handled by the fixed optics of a multiview 3D display, and if continuous head parallax can be achieved.
Elaborations, Revisions, Dissents: Alfred D. Chandler, Jr.'s,<i>The Visible Hand</i>after Twenty Years (1997)

Two decades have passed since the publication of The Visible Hand , Alfred D. Chandler, Jr.'s, magisterial account of the rise of the modern business enterprise in the United States. Although Chandlers pathbreaking work has been widely hailed as a landmark in business history, only rarely has anyone considered systematically its influence on the large body of historical scholarship on related topics. This essay is intended to help fill this gap. It is divided into two sections. The first section reviews Chandlers argument, touches on the relationship of Chandlers oeuvre to his personal background, and locates The Visible Hand in the context of American historical writing. The second considers how three groups of historians have responded to Chandlers ideas. These groups consist of champions who creatively elaborated on Chandler's intellectual agenda; critics who probed anomalies between Chandler's argument and their own research; and skeptics who rejected Chandlers analysis outright.
A cryoclamp for the rapid cryofixation of the isolated blood‐perfused rabbit cardiac papillary muscle preparation at predefined times during the contraction cycle (1998)

There is increasing evidence that the distribution of monovalent cations in cardiac cells may be non-uniform, particularly in the region immediately beneath the sarcolemma, and we have proposed that a build-up of sodium in this region could be an important factor in the development of ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Electron probe X-ray microanalysis is ideal for the study of such changes in distribution but the application of the technique to this problem imposes severe requirements on the specimen and on the method for cryofixation. The specimen must be perfused through its vasculature so that it can be made truly ischaemic and be successfully reperfused. It is necessary to be able to cryofix the specimen without disturbance of its blood supply, electrical stimulation or temperature. It is also important to know the time in the contraction cycle when cryofixation occurs. Here we describe the design of an automated cryofixation device which can be used to cryofix a blood perfused papillary muscle preparation at predetermined time points in the contraction cycle. Preliminary data obtained from the analysis of rabbit papillary muscles subjected to varying periods of ischaemia are included as an example of the use of the cryoclamp.
Collective Behaviors Through Social Interactions in Bird Flocks (2019)

Collective behaviors in multi-agent systems (MASs) is one of the most ubiquitous phenomena in the natural world, which often exhibit through social interactions among their agents. It is very important to understand the theoretical mechanisms at the basis of different collective behaviors. Therefore, various techniques and methods have been developed and investigated against this issue over the last decades. In this paper, we concentrate on several models of collective behaviors in bird flocks, a representative kind of MAS. Moreover, this article aims at providing a discussion of various facets of this interdisciplinary field, including simulation models, mathematical methods and control theory. The purposes are to offer readers a better understanding of complex systems and to promote this emerging topic on MASs.
Highly efficient and polarization-independent Fresnel lens based on dye-doped liquid crystal (2007)

We demonstrated a highly efficient, polarization-independent and electrically tunable Fresnel lens based on dye-doped liquid crystal using double-side photoalignment technique. The maximum diffraction efficiency reaches 37%, which approaches the theoretical limit ~41%. Such a lens functions as a half-wave plate, and this feature could be well preserved under the applied voltage. In addition, the device is simple to fabricate, and has fast switching responses between focusing and defocusing state.
A study on a QoS/QoE correlation model for QoE evaluation on IPTV service (2010)

We develop a QoS/QoE correlation model for IPTV QoE evaluation. With the growth of QoE interest, IPTV providers need a method to control QoE when QoE is not satisfied by subscribers. Network providers can evaluate subscriber's QoE using QoS parameters weight and some analyzed values which is from the proposed model, and control QoE as deduce QoS parameters(delay, loss, jitter etc) associated with QoE. Through our proposed QoS/QoE correlation model, network providers can predict subscribers' QoE value in offered network environment and, on the contrary, constitute network environment which can meet an optimum QoE.
La obra dramática (2011)

El punto de partida para abordar las diferentes cuestiones juridicas, en el ambito de la propiedad intelectual, que se pueden suscitar en relacion con la obra dramatica no puede ser otro que el de realizar una aproximacion al concepto de la obra dramatica y sus elementos configuradores, como paso previo al estudio del marco legislativo que la regula, puesto que mal puede entenderse la norma si se desconoce el objeto que pretende regular, esto es, la obra dramatica.