gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathological Studies on the Endocrine Organs of the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (1963)

Body weight and blood pressure were measured in the normotensive Wistar rats with the systolic blood pressure below 149mm.Hg and spontaneously hypertensive rats by Okamoto and Aoki. Animals, from both groups, were killed at 40-50 days (prehypertensive stage), 4-5 months (after a moderate duration of hypertension), and 12-14 months of ages (after a long duration of hypertension). Endocrine organs were weighed and studied histometrically and histopathologically.The results in the hypertensive animals were as follows.(1) Some increases in weight of the pituitary and in the percentage of basophils in the anterior lobe were noted at the prehypertensive stage. These changes were exaggerated as hypertension persisted. The hypertrophy and the change similar to hyaline change were observed in basophils.(2) In the adrenals, the area of the glomerular zone and the summed area of the fascicular and reticular zones were increased. The hypertrophy and increase in lipid content of the glomerular and fascicular zones were detected even at the prehypertensi.ve stage. With persistence of hypertension these changes became more marked, and increase in weight of adrenals, irregularity of cell cords of the fascicular zone, decrease in width of the reticular zone were demonstrated. The increase in lipid content was remarkable in the glomerular zone and moderate in the fascicular zone but more remarkable in groups which were complicated by periarteritis nodosa or nephrosclerosis.(3) In the thyroid, the increase in area of follicle cells, follicle and lumen, and irregularity in shape of follicles were found at the prehypertensive stage. As hypertension persisted these changes became more remarkable. Weight of the thyroid increased and the colloid content decreased. The histological changes were compatible with that of struma parenchymatosa macrofollicularis.(4) In the pancreas and gonads, there was no significant difference between the hypertensive and normotensive groups.(5) The present study has demonstrated that the pituitary anterior lobe, adrenal cortex and thyroid have significant roles in the development and maintenance of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Morphometric and Clinical Studies on 68 Consecutive Radical Prostatectomies (1988)

Morphometric reconstructions of 68 consecutive radical prostatectomies were analyzed for cancer volume, extent of complete capsular penetration, microscopic seminal vesicle and lymph node invasion, and histological differentiation, all of which were strongly interrelated. At less than 3.0 cc cancer volume, only 6 of 34 prostates (18 per cent) showed capsular penetration compared to 27 of 34 (79 per cent) with tumors of greater than 3.0 cc. Seminal vesicle invasion occurred once in 34 tumors of less than 3.0 cc and 15 times in those greater than 3.0 cc. All 6 patients with metastases to lymph nodes, 2 with early postoperative development of bone metastases and 4 of 5 with reappearance of detectable prostate specific antigen postoperatively had cancer volumes of greater than 4.0 cc. Correlation of digital rectal examination with cancer volume showed that of 39 palpable nodules in prostates with a cancer volume of less than 4.0 cc 30 (77 per cent) occupied 50 per cent or less of the length of 1 lobe (clinical stage B1 in our classification). Of 22 palpable lesions in tumors of greater than 4.0 cc 21 (95 per cent) exceeded 50 per cent of 1 lobe in the longitudinal extension (stage B2) or they represented bilaterally palpable disease (stage B3). Capsular penetration into the periprostatic fat occurred most commonly in the dorsolateral area of the neurovascular bundle, including 10 of 12 tumors less than 4.0 cc in volume (stage B1) and 19 of 21 with greater than 4.0 cc in tumor volume (stages B2 and B3). All 10 of the stage B1 cancers were free of contralateral lobe capsular penetration while 1 of the 13 stage B2 nodules had minimal contralateral capsule penetration in the area of the neurovascular bundle. We believe that the modified nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy should be limited to the contralateral side in stage B disease.
Cerebral circulation dysfunction and hemodynamic abnormalities in syncope during upright tilt test. (1993)

Transcranial Doppler monitoring of cerebral bloodflow velocity during upright tilt testing may improve insight into the complex physiology of syncope.
Accuracy of a Novel Noninvasive Multisensor Technology to Estimate Glucose in Diabetic Subjects During Dynamic Conditions (2014)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether an approach of multisensor technology with integrated data analysis in an armband system (SenseWear® Pro Armband, SWA) can provide estimates of plasma glucose concentration in diabetes. In all, 41 subjects with diabetes participated. On day 1 subjects underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and on day 2 a 60-minute treadmill test (TT). SWA plasma glucose estimates were compared against reference peripheral venous glucose concentrations. A continuous glucose monitoring device (CGM) was also placed on each subject to serve as a reference for clinical comparison. Pearson coefficient, Clarke error grid (CEG), and mean absolute relative difference (MARD) analyses were used to compare the performance of plasma glucose estimation. There were significant correlations between plasma glucose concentrations estimated by the SWA and the reference plasma glucose concentration during the OGTT (r = .65, P < .05) and the TT (r = .91, P < .05). CEG analysis revealed that during the OGTT, 93% of plasma glucose concentration readings were in the clinically acceptable zone A+B for the SWA and 95% for the CGM. During the TT, the SWA had 96% of readings in zone A+B, compared to 97% for the CGM. During OGTTs, MARDs for the SWA and CGM were 26% and 18%, respectively. During TTs, MARDs were 16% and 12%, respectively. Plasma glucose concentration estimation by the SWA's noninvasive multisensor approach appears to be feasible and its performance in estimating glucose approaches that of a CGM. The success of this pilot study suggests that multisensor technology holds promising potential for the development of a wearable, noninvasive, painless glucose monitor.
Sunitinib versus Interferon Alfa in Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma (2007)

Progression-free survival was longer and response rates were higher in patients with metastatic renal-cell cancer who received sunitinib than in those receiving interferon alfa (ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00098657 and NCT00083889 [ClinicalTrials.gov]).
Selective nickel-catalyzed fluoroalkylations of olefins (2020)

Mild and selective nickel-catalyzed trifluoromethylation and perfluoroalkylation reactions of alkenes were developed to provide fluorinated olefins, including natural products, pharmaceuticals, and variety of synthetic building blocks in good to excellent yields (38 examples). Control experiments, kinetic measurements and in situ EPR studies reveal the importance of radical species and the formation of 1,2-adducts as intermediates.
Mutations in Collagen Genes as a Cause of Connective-Tissue Diseases (1992)

FOR more than 10 years, my colleagues and I have been testing the relatively simple hypothesis that the degeneration of connective tissue characteristic of many diseases is the result of genetic defects in the collagens that provide most of the strength of the normal tissues. We and others first examined this hypothesis in relatively rare genetic diseases in which bone, cartilage, and other tissues can be so fragile as to be life-threatening early in life. More recently, we have tried to see whether the same hypothesis applies to more common diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and aortic aneurysms.Structure, Function, . . .
Effect of different flocculants on the flocculation performance of microalgae, Chaetoceros calcitrans, cells (2009)

  The possibility of using flocculation technique for the separation of microalgae,Chaetoceros calcitrans, biomass from the culture broth was investigated. The flocculation experiments were conducted in 500 mL beaker using culture broth obtained from 10 L photobioreactor. The harvesting efficiency of 90 and 60% was obtained in flocculation without flocculants conducted for 10 days at 27ºC (in light and dark) and 4ºC (dark), respectively. Harvesting efficiency higher than 90% with short settling time was achieved by adjusting the culture pH to 10.2 using either sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH). Improved cell viability (> 80%) and settling time with a slight improvement of flocculation efficiency was achieved by the addition of polyelectrolytes flocculant (Magnafloc® LT 27 and LT 25). However, the flocculants were only functioned when the pH of the microalgae culture was pre-adjusted to a certain value that promotes cells entrapment and surface charge neutralization prior to flocculation process. The flocculation efficiency and cell viability obtained in flocculation with Magnafloc® (LT 25 and LT 27) was comparable to that obtained in flocculation with chitosan. When chitosan and Magnafloc® (LT 25 and LT 27) were used as flocculants, the highest flocculation efficiency of C. calcitrans cells was observed at pH 8 and 10.2, respectively. Substantial increased in sedimentation rate was observed with increasing flocculants dosage though the flocculation efficiency and cell viability were not significantly varied.   Key words: Flocculation, microalgae, Chaetoceros calcitrans, polyelectrolyte, chitosan.
Chip-Level Multiple Quantum Well Modulator-Based Optical Interconnects (2013)

High performance computing systems are becoming increasingly limited by the capacity of interconnects due to the continued scaling down of CMOS critical dimensions, resulting in the implementation of optical interconnects at ever decreasing distances. At the chip level, the communication bottleneck and energy consumption per bit are now major limitations to the continued performance scaling of microprocessors. In this paper, a novel integrated photonic approach is presented that uses polymer waveguides and surface-normal GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum well devices integrated directly onto a silicon chip. The concept provides sub-pJ/b performance and seamless interfacing between the on- and off-chip domains. This is the first demonstrated waveguide-coupled surface-normal MQW-based approach to be fully integrated within a photonic layer and to a large extent mitigates packaging issues for future photonics systems integrated with Si chips. Key aspects of the architecture are efficient and minimum-footprint optical fabrics and low-power-consuming optical transceivers. Gray-scale lithography is used to fabricate the 3-D coupling structures directly in the waveguide polymer layer. Analyses and experimental results show that the optical fabric concept provides the necessary bandwidth density and low power consumption for future chip-scale interconnections.
Novel electrode concept for spatial filtering with piezoelectric films: experimental validation (2003)

This paper describes and demonstrates a technology for making distributed sensors with spatial filtering properties. The concept is based on a porous electrode with variable porosity, which allows to tailor the effective piezoelectric coefficients in two dimensions. Two applications are considered: (i) a modal filter for a cantilever beam, and (ii) a volume displacement sensor for a simply supported plate.
Safely evolving configurable systems (2015)

Developers use configuration options to tailor systems to different platforms. This configurability leads to exponential configuration spaces and traditional tools (e.g., gcc) check only one configuration at a time. As a result, developers introduce configuration-related issues (i.e., bad smells and faults) that appear only when we select certain configuration options. By interviewing 40 developers and performing a survey with 202 developers, we found that configuration- related issues are harder to detect and more critical than is- sues that appear in all configurations. We propose a strategy to detect configuration-related issues and a catalogue of refactorings to remove bad smells in preprocessor directives. We found 131 faults and 500 bad smells in 40 real-world configurable systems, including Apache and Libssh.
A Spectrometer for Measuring Time-Resolved Infrared Linear Dichroism Induced by a Small-Amplitude Oscillatory Strain (1988)

A spectrometer for detecting dynamic infrared linear dichroism (DIRLD) induced by a small-amplitude oscillatory strain is described. The strain-induced dynamic variations of absorbance and linear dichroism, as well as the normal static absorbance and dichroism, are measured simultaneously as functions of IR wavenumber, temperature, and strain frequency. The phase (temporal) relationships between the dynamic optical signals and the applied strain are also obtained. The instrument is sensitive enough to detect dynamic optical signals on the order of 10 −4 absorbance units with a time resolution of about 14 μs. The dynamic dichroism signals arise from the strain-induced temporary reorientation of dipole-transition moments associated with the molecular vibrations of chemical functional groups. Both the rate and extent of reorientations are strongly influenced by the local molecular environment of the functional groups. Because of the specificity of IR absorbance bands to the individual submolecular structures, DIRLD spectroscopy is especially suited for the study of the intra- and intermolecular interactions and the detection of subtle changes in the local molecular environment. Example DIRLD spectra of atactic polystyrene are presented to demonstrate the potential utility of this spectroscopic technique.
Differential Caches for Web Services in Mobile Environments (2011)

Although web services have been espoused due to their many benefits, it is known that overhead delay, particularly the communication delay, associated with invocation and execution of web services is high. Consequently, much research has been expended on minimizing those delays. In many situations an application invokes a web service repeatedly such that some or most of the data returned by the web service does not change. For instance, many web services that return schedules, such as bus or train schedules, exhibit this property. We present Differential Caches, with the accompanying Differential Updates method and the Mobile SOAP (MoSOAP) protocol, to avoid transfer of repeated data, sent by a web service to an application. The protocol is flexible in that other optimization techniques, such as encoding, can also be applied. We report on results of experiments, using a research prototype, to evaluate the method's potential benefits and also its overhead. The results of experiments show clearly that potential benefits outweigh the overhead. Under optimal conditions, the MoSOAP protocol with Differential Caches obtained a speedup of close to 800%, in delivery of the web services' replies in comparison to the SOAP communication. Further improvements in delays were gained when encoding was used in conjunction with Differential Caches.
Performance Analysis of Si-Based Thin Film Solar Cells (2004)

This paper briefly introduces silicon based thin film solar cells: amorphous (a-Si:H), microcrystalline (μc-Si:H)single junction and a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cells. The major difference of a-Si:H and μc-Si:H cells comes from electro-optical properties of intrinsic Si-films (active layer) that absorb incident photon and generate electron-hole pairs. The a-Si:H film has energy band-gap (Eg) of 1.7-1.8eV and solar cells incorporating this wide Eg a-Si:H material as active layer commonly give high voltage and low current, when illuminated, compared to μc-Si:H solar cells that employ low Eg (l.leV) material. This Eg difference of two materials make possible tandem configuration in order to effectively use incident photon energy. The a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cells, therefore, have a great potential for low cost photovoltaic device by its various advantages such as low material cost by thin film structure on low cost substrate instead of expensive c-Si wafer and high conversion efficiency by tandem structure. In this paper the structure, process and operation properties of Si-based thin film solar cells will be discussed.
Proliferation activities of intrasplenic hepatocytes and the influence of hepatotrophic factors. (1989)

同系ラット脾臓内に移植された肝細胞の増殖状態およびそれにおよぼす宿主肝切除の影響について抗BrdU単クローン抗体を用い,免疫組織化学的にDNA合成S期細胞を標識し,細胞動態的に検索した.さらに門脈下大静脈吻合を作製し,門脈血の影響についても検索した.脾内肝細胞のS期標識率は正常肝の30倍以上と高く,持続的かつ自律的な自己増殖状態を呈しており,成長,再生以外の新たな成熟肝細胞の増殖様式が確認された.肝切後は脾内肝細胞にも宿主肝細胞同様に急激な増殖誘導がみられ,24時間でピークに達し,以後漸減した.40%肝切群は70%肝切群に比べ脾内肝細胞の増殖促進程度は低く,また門脈血の影響は認められなかった.このことから肝再生増殖刺激は迅速に異所性の肝細胞にも伝達され,量的にも規制されることが確認された.この研究はin vivoでの異所性肝細胞の増殖動態および同一生体内での再生刺激の伝達様式を解析する上で有用であると考えられた.
Transient Analysis of Junction Transistor Amplifiers (1953)

An analysis of the transient response of transistor amplifiers necessitates the consideration of transit-time effects. Transit-time phenomena may be represented by a transmission line in the equivalent circuit of a transistor. However, such an equivalent circuit would lead to unwieldy algebraic expressions in network analysis. This paper illustrates an approximation technique which results in simple Laplace transforms in the transient-response calculations for junction-transistor amplifiers. Theoretical results based upon this analysis are in good agreement with experiment.
Optical waveguides with low pulse dispersion over an extended spectral range (1978)

A class of index profiles is described which can be used to minimise pulse dispersion over an extended range of wavelengths or at several different wavelengths. These profiles are compatible with standard waveguide compositions.
Preparation of 3-Isopropenylcyclohexanone<sup>1a</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of 3-Isopropenylcyclohexanone1aHerbert O. House, Roger A. Latham, and Carl D. SlaterCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 8, 2667–2669Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01346a502https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01346a502research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views190Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AM-3K, an Anti-macrophage Antibody, Recognizes CD163, a Molecule Associated with an Anti-inflammatory Macrophage Phenotype (2006)

CD163 is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich superfamily restricted to the monocyte/macrophage lineage and is thought to be a useful marker for anti-inflammatory or alternatively activated macrophages. In this study we used mass spectrometric analysis to determine that the antigen recognized by the antibody AM-3K, which we previously generated as a tissue macrophage-specific monoclonal antibody, was CD163. An anti-inflammatory subtype of macrophages stimulated by dexamethasone or interleukin-10 showed strong reactivity for AM-3K and increased expression of CD163 mRNA. Immunohistochemical staining of routinely processed pathological specimens revealed that AM-3K recognized a specialized subpopulation of macrophages. In granulomatous diseases such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or foreign body reactions, tissue macrophages around granulomas, but not component cells of the granulomas such as epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells, showed positive staining for AM-3K. In atherosclerotic lesions, scattered macrophages in diffuse intimal lesions were strongly positive for AM-3K, whereas foamy macrophages in atheromatous plaques demonstrated only weak staining. We therefore suggest that, in routine pathological specimens, AM-3K is a useful marker for anti-inflammatory macrophages because these cells can be distinguished from inflammatory or classically activated macrophages. Because AM-3K cross-reacts with macrophage subpopulations in different animal species including rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats, dogs, goats, pigs, bovine species, horses, monkeys, and cetaceans, it will have wide application for detection of CD163 in various animals.
Possibility of Cardiac Output Monitoring from the Intra-Arterial Blood Pressure Profile (1985)

A method for estimating cardiac output (CO) from the intra-arterial blood pressure profile ("contour method") was tested in 8 patients: 6 with essential hypertension, 1 with a pheochromocytoma and 1 with orthostatic hypotension. CO (1/min) was derived by the following formula: PSA (1+St/Dt) X HR 10(-3), where PSA is the area under the systolic portion of the pressure curve, St is the systolic and Dt the diastolic time, X is a correction factor, HR is the heart rate and 10(-3) is a conversion factor from ml/min to 1/min. The "contour method" was compared to the thermodilution CO method. The correlation between the 2 methods was highly significant: the r value in all patients during different conditions (supine, tilt, dynamic and static exercise) ranged from 0.91 to 0.97 with an intercept close to 0 and a slope close to 1. These results indicate that CO is properly measured from the intra-arterial blood pressure profile by the "contour method". A continuous hemodynamic monitoring can be derived applying the "contour method" to the intra-arterial blood pressure profile obtained with the Oxford technique.
Hybridoma cultivation in defined serum-free media: growth-supporting substances. IV. Lipids and serum albumin. (1987)

The effect of linoleic acid on growth of hybridomas in serum-free medium was studied. The optimum growth-supporting concentration of linoleic acid was 10 micrograms/ml. Omission of linoleic acid resulted in decreased growth. Hybridoma cells cultivated for 3 days without the fatty acid represented 52-65% of the number of cells growing with the fatty acid. Cholesterol (1 microgram/ml) and dipalmitoyl lecithin (3 micrograms/ml) also stimulated hybridoma growth when medium without linoleic acid was used. However, these substances did not enhance the effect of linoleic acid. Fatty acid-free serum albumin had no effect on hybridoma growth at the concentration (1 mg/ml) used for binding of lipids.