gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of cadherin function differentially affects markers of terminal differentiation in cultured human keratinocytes (1999)

Cadherin function is required for normal keratinocyte intercellular adhesion and stratification. In the present study, we have investigated whether cadherin-cadherin interactions may also modulate keratinocyte differentiation, as evidenced by alterations in the levels of several differentiation markers. Confluent keratinocyte cultures, propagated in low Ca(2+) medium in which cadherins are not active, were pre-incubated with antibodies that block the function of E-cadherin and/or P-cadherin; Ca(2+ )was then elevated to 1 mM to activate the cadherins and induce differentiation. In control cultures (incubated with no antibody or with antibodies to other cell surface molecules), Ca(2+) elevation induced an increase in type 1 transglutaminase, profilaggrin, and loricrin, as measured by western blotting and in agreement with previous results. However, the concurrent addition of antibodies against both E- and P-cadherin prevented this increase in transglutaminase 1 protein. Incubation with either antibody alone had no consistent effect. Profilaggrin and loricrin, which are later markers of keratinocyte differentiation, responded differently from transglutaminase 1 to addition of antibodies. In the presence of anti-E-cadherin antibody, both loricrin and profilaggrin levels were dramatically enhanced compared to the high Ca(2+) control cells, while addition of antibody to P-cadherin slightly attenuated the Ca(2+)-induced increase. In the presence of both antibodies, loricrin and profilaggrin protein levels were intermediate between those observed in the presence of either antibody alone. The expression of involucrin, however, was unaffected by addition of antibodies. In addition, effects of the anti-cadherin antibodies were not secondary to alterations in proliferation or programmed cell death, as determined by several independent assays of these processes. Thus, the consequences of cadherin inhibition depend upon both the particular cadherin and the differentiation marker under study. Taken together, these data suggest that E-cadherin and P-cadherin contribute to the orderly progression of terminal differentiation in the epidermis in multiple ways.
Luminescence and Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Mononuclear and Binuclear Chromium(III) <scp>l</scp>-Alaninato Complexes (1991)

Abstract Luminescence and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) spectra were investigated at low temperatures in order to clarify the chiroptical and electronic structures of monomeric and dimeric chromium(III) alaninato complexes. In the monomeric complexes, [Cr(l-(or d-)ala)3]·H2O, R1 and R2 lines of opposite spectral signs were found in the CPL spectra. The signs and relative intensities of the peaks were found to be comparable with circular dichroism (CD) spectra by employing theoretical arguments based on a strong crystal field theory. In the case of hydroxo-bridged dimeric complexes, [Cr2(OH)2(l-(or d-)ala)4]·3H2O, although the luminescence spectra of exchange-coupled pair states were clearly observed with a deduction of reasonable exchange interaction parameters, the CPL spectral components were not discernible because of the meso-type structure.
Formation of CaTiO<sub>3</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> composite coating on titanium alloy for biomedical applications (2007)

Plasma electrochemical oxidation (PEO) was used to prepare TiO2-based coating containing Ca and P on titanium alloy. After alkali- and then heat-treatment at 800 degrees C of the PEO coating, a CaTiO3/TiO2 composite (CTC) coating was obtained. The current results indicate that the apatite-forming ability of the CTC coating is higher than that of the PEO coating. During the simulated body fluid (SBF) incubation, Ca of the CTC coating is released into the SBF. An ionic exchange between Ca(2+) ions of the CTC coating and H(3)O(+) ions of the SBF may take place during the SBF incubation. As a result, the abundant Ti--OH groups are formed on the surface of the CTC coating. The hydroxyl functionalized surface greatly enhances the nucleation and growth of apatite, leading to the high apatite-forming ability of the CTC coating. The apatite induced by the CTC coating exhibits a porous and carbonated structure.
Pharmaceutical Salts: Solids to Liquids by Using Ionic Liquid Design (2013)

Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted increasing interest lately in several areas such as chemistry, physics, engineering, material science, molecular biochemistry, energy and fuels, among others. Scientific literature has been daily invaded by papers that show a variety of new ionic liquids and new applications. Furthermore, the range of ILs used has been broadened, and there has been a significant increase in the scope of both physical and chemical IL properties [1, 2]. ILs are defined as liquid organic salts composed entirely of ions, and a melting point criterion has been proposed to distinguish between molten salts and ionic liquids (mp< 100 °C) [3].
Monetary Shock (1992)

In sections 6 until 10, we shall keep track of the process of adjustment generated by various macroeconomic shocks: The quantity of money declines spontaneously, the propensity to save rises on its own, labour supply increases autonomously, investment is being reduced, since sales expectations worsen, or money wages spring up exogenously. First of all, have a look at a monetary disturbance. Strictly speaking, the quantity of money contracts suddenly. As a reaction, how do aggregate demand, employment and capital develop over time?
The potential of complementary heterostructure FET IC's (1987)

The performance capability of AlGaAs/GaAs complementary heterostructure FET (C-HFET) integrated circuits has been evaluated in computer simulations. The study is focused on C-HFET designs in which static currents and gate-leakage currents are sufficiently low to take full advantage of the speed, power dissipation, and logic function capabilities of CMOS-like circuitry. ASTAP computer simulations for loaded NAND and NOR circuits are examined over a wide supply-voltage range at both 300 and 77 K in order to determine the potential of various MODFET, MISFET, and SISFET approaches as well as the prospects of future designs. While performance is limited by FET threshold and gate leakage in present C-HFET approaches, the speed of properly designed 0.7-µm C-HFETs at 300 K is projected to be 3 × faster than comparable 300 K Si-CMOS circuits. C-HFET circuits at 77 K are projected to be more than 4 × faster than 77 K Si-CMOS circuits. It is also found that properly designed C-HFET's could operate at speeds close to those of DCFL n-channel HFET circuits while dissipating only 1/10 of the power.
Choice Based on Reasons: The Case of Attraction and Compromise Effects (1989)

Journal Article Choice Based on Reasons: The Case of Attraction and Compromise Effects Get access Itamar Simonson Itamar Simonson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Consumer Research, Volume 16, Issue 2, September 1989, Pages 158–174, https://doi.org/10.1086/209205 Published: 01 September 1989 Article history Received: 01 January 1988 Revision received: 01 March 1989 Published: 01 September 1989
Foxp3-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes liver allograft tolerance through the generation of regulatory T cells in rats (2015)

Foxp3-engineered MSC therapy seems to be a promising and attractive cell therapy approach for inducing immunosuppression or transplant tolerance.
A high-resolution weak signal detection method based on stochastic resonance and superhet technology (2012)

A detection method based on the strong low-frequency weak-signal detection ability of stochastic resonance is proposed, aimed at the detection of the unknown weak signal. By mixing the unknown signal with a continuous linear changing local oscillator signal, a difference frequency signal will be generated, which will be sent to the stochastic resonance system. Thus, an obviously changed output can be obtained. Because the stochastic resonance system is extremely sensitive to low frequency, the system will have a maximum output when the local oscillator and frequency of the unknown signal are closest. The frequency of the unknown signal will be measured precisely from the local oscillator frequency and the difference frequency. It can be inferred from the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation that this method has a large detection range, high resolution, and good prospect.
Wearable microdialysis system for continuous in vivo monitoring of glucose (1998)

We developed a new system to monitor glucose continuously in vivo. The miniaturised system is very easy to handle and was optimised to a resource-saving working modus. Sampling was performed by means of a biocompatible microdialysis needle probe inserted into the subcutaneous tissue. During glucose tolerance tests the results of our monitoring system were correlated with the glucose level of the venous blood stream. A comparison according to the procedure known as 'error grid analysis' provided an excellent correlation between the two completely independent analyses systems with the reference determination results. All values obtained with our systems were clinically correct or at least clinically acceptable.
Definition of the ROLIE Vulnerability Extension (2019)

This document extends the Resource-Oriented Lightweight Information
Exchange (ROLIE) core to add the information type categories and
related requirements needed to support Vulnerability use cases.
Additional categories, properties, and requirements based on content
type enables a higher level of interoperability between ROLIE
implementations, and richer metadata for ROLIE consumers. In
particular, usage of the Common Vulnerability Enumeration (CVE) [cve]
format is discussed.
System Calculations (1961)

This paper describes system calculations made in preparation for the Project Echo communication experiment and their adaptation to the problem of interpreting the results of the experiment.
Functional analysis of <i>ssaJ </i>and the <i>ssaK/U </i>operon, 13 genes encoding components of the type III secretion apparatus of <i>Salmonella</i> Pathogenicity Island 2 (1997)

We have investigated the structure and transcriptional organization of 13 genes of Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 2 (SPI2) that encode components of the second type III secretion apparatus of Salmonella typhimurium. ssaK, L, M, V, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U constitute one operon of 10 kb. ssaJ lles upstream of ssaK and is the terminal gene of another operon. The deduced products of ssaJ, ssaK, ssaV, ssaN, ssaO, ssaQ, ssaR, ssaS, ssaT, and ssaU show greatest similarity to the Yersinia spp. genes yscJ, yscL, lcrD, yscN, yscO, yscQ, yscR, yscS, yscT, and yscU, respectively. The products of the ssaL, ssaM and ssaP genes do not have significant similarity to products of other type III secretion systems, and might be important for the specific function of the SPI2 type III secretion system. Bacterial strains carrying different ssa mutations display minor alterations in terms of serum sensitivity when compared with the wild-type strain, but none are defective in replication within macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells. However, some of the ssa mutant strains invade HEp2 cells less efficiently and are less cytotoxic to RAW 264.7 macrophages than the wild-type strain. We show that the invasion defect is correlated with a lack of SipC in culture supernatants of these mutant strains. SipC is a product of the SPI1 type III secretion system of S. typhimurium, and is important for epithelial cell invasion. Therefore, mutations in SPI2 can affect the SPI1 secretion system, which raises the possibility of an interaction between the two type III secretion systems.
X‐ray lithography (1977)

Abstract The advent of X‐ray lithography as a natural compliment to electron beam pattern generation and photolithography seems to be filling a need in the fabrication of submicron devices. The X‐ray technique, which is simple for single level devices, lags behind other lithographies in registration techniques. However, its proven high resolution capabilities is responsible for the increased interest in further development. At present a, variety of mask substrates are being evaluated with no one material exhibiting an overwhelming advantage. The type of substrate used is closely coupled to the permissable wavelength of the X‐ray source. The X‐rays used for lithography to date vary from Rh L (4Å) up to CK (44Å). Each wavelength shows a distinct advantage and disadvantage. For example, at short wavelengths substrates can be relatively massive but resists are less sensitive and high resolution masks have low contrasts. At longer wavelengths, resists are more sensitive and masks have higher contrast, but defects due to dust are more probable. The use of more than one X‐ray source could fulfill the requirements imposed by mask making and device fabrication. High throughput for both masks and device require both foster resists and higher intensity X‐ray sources.
Detection of Exon Deletions within an Entire Gene (CFTR) by Relative Quantification on the LightCycler (2006)

The LightCycler assay allows reliable and rapid screening for large deletions in the CFTR gene and detects the copy number of all 27 exons.
Faster Suffix Sorting (1999)

We propose a fast and memory efficient algorithm for lexicographically sorting the suffixes of a string, a problem that has important applications in data compression as well as string matching. Our algorithm eliminates much of the overhead of previous specialized approaches while maintaining their robustness for all kinds of input. For input size n, our algorithm operates in only two integer arrays of size n, and has worst case time complexity O(n log n). We demonstrate experimentally that our algorithm has favourable performance compared to other approaches, and argue that our algorithm is the prime choice for general suffix sorting.
2-D tissue motion compensation of synthetic transmit aperture images (2014)

Synthetic transmit aperture (STA) imaging is susceptible to tissue motion because it uses summation of low-resolution images to create the displayed high-resolution image. A method for 2-D tissue motion correction in STA imaging is presented. It utilizes the correlation between highresolution images recorded using the same emission sequence. The velocity and direction of the motion are found by cross correlating short high-resolution lines beamformed along selected angles. The motion acquisition is interleaved with the regular B-mode emissions in STA imaging, and the motion compensation is performed by tracking each pixel in the reconstructed image using the estimated velocity and direction. The method is evaluated using simulations, and phantom and in vivo experiments. In phantoms, a tissue velocity of 15 cm/s at a 45° angle was estimated with relative bias and standard deviation of -6.9% and 5.4%; the direction was estimated with relative bias and standard deviation of -8.4% and 6.6%. The contrast resolution in the corrected image was -0.65% lower than the reference image. Abdominal in vivo experiments with induced transducer motion demonstrate that severe tissue motion can be compensated for, and that doing so yields a significant increase in image quality.
Recombinant glycosylated human interleukin-6 accelerates peripheral blood platelet count recovery in radiation-induced bone marrow depression in baboons (1992)

This report was aimed at confirming the potential clinical use for a genetically engineered glycosylated human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) in hematopoiesis. Its tolerance and efficacy were assessed on hematopoietic restoration after neutron radiation-induced bone marrow injury on baboons, which represent an adequate model of parallelism for studying hematology in the human. The particular neutron radiation absorption pattern in the body allows the preservation of underexposed bone marrow areas that mimics an autotransplantation-like situation. An initial dose finding study (1 microgram up to 20 micrograms/kg/d for 8 consecutive days) in normal baboons established a dose-dependent response regarding the peripheral platelet count (range of increase, 1.5- to 4-fold). A significant elevation in white blood cell (WBC) count, as well as a substantial reversible normochromic normocytic anemia, were observed for the highest doses only (10 and 20 micrograms/kg/d). All rhIL-6 administered doses were clinically well tolerated. In myelosuppressed baboons, a selected dose of 10 micrograms/kg/d of rhIL-6 for 13 consecutive days significantly lessened the degree of induced thrombocytopenia as compared with the control group (P = .01) and shortened the time to occurrence of the nadir, showing that the onset of recovery occurs much earlier, ie, an average of 5 days (P = .003), in the treated group. Moreover, this accelerated platelet recovery is evidenced by an 8-day shorter mean time back to baseline values (P = .03) in the rhIL-6--treated animals. At this dose no effect was observed on the WBC recovery pattern. Importantly rhIL-6 did not accentuate the radiation-induced anemia and was clinically well tolerated. All tested monkeys recovered from their induced pancytopenia and no animal loss was recorded. IL-6, tumor necrosis factor, and IL-1 blood measurements are reported. In conclusion, rhIL-6 is a potent thrombopoietic factor for the treatment of induced thrombocytopenia in nonhuman primates at a clinically well- tolerated dose.
Spawning strategies of fishes in relation to circulation, phytoplankton production, and pulses in zooplankton off the north-eastern United States (1984)

Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of larval fishes are analyzed in relation to circulation, phytoplankton production, and pulses in abundance of zooplankton in continental shelf waters between Cape Hatteras and Cape Sable. Our analyses are based on 4 yr (197740) of joint international ichthyoplankton surveys covering 260,000 km2 of the northeast shelf. Spawning strategies are related to topographic features and circulation which in turn play a key role in maintenance of the stocks. Peak spawning for several important species is shown to be in synchrony with increasing abundance levels of their seasonally-dominant copepod prey. Other species have developed a ubiquitous spawning strategy producing larvae over a protracted time period in the entlre northeastern shelf area, allowing these populations to increase rapidly in response to favorable conditions.
SwitchR: Reducing system power consumption in a multi-client, multi-radio environment (2008)

Multiple wireless network interfaces in a single mobile device exist in order to support their diverse communications and networking needs. This paper proposes a general switching architecture, SwitchR, for managing radio communications for multiple (client) devices utilizing multiple heterogeneous radios per device. SwitchR is deployable incrementally within existing wireless infrastructures, and considers the load imposed on the wireless channel by other communicating clients. SwitchR demonstrates reduction in energy consumption of a mobile device by 47% - 72%, depending upon the application, over the Power Save Mode in WiFi and 13% - 60% reduction in energy over previous multi-radio architectures that do not consider the interactions between multiple clients.
Excitatory amino acids and anoxic/ischaemic brain damage (1985)

TINS- February 1985 47 16 Ogura, A and Takahashl. M (1984) Brain Res 301,323-330 17 Romey, G and Lazdunskl. M (1982) Nature (London) 297, 79-80 18 Moolenaar, W H and Spector, I (1979) J Physzol 292,307-323 19 Turner, T J and Goldm, S M (1984) J Neuroscz (m press) 20 Freedman, S B, Dawson, G, Vdlereal, M L and Miller, R J (1984)J Neuroscl 4, 1453-1467 21 Freedman, S B and Mdler. R J (1984) Proc Natl Acad Scl USA 81, 55819-5583 22 Freedman, S B, Mdler, R J, Mdler, D M and Tmdall, D R (1984)Proc Natl Acad Sct USA 81, 4582-4585 23 Shalaby, I , Kongsamut, S, Freedman, S and Mdler, R J (1984) Life Sct 35, 1289- 1295 24 Albus. U , Habermann, E , Ferry, D R and Glossman, H (1984) J Neurochern 42. 1186-1189 25 Toll, L (1982)J B:ol Chem 257, 13189- 13192 26 Fishman, M C and Spector, I (1981) Proc Natl Acad Scl USA 78, 5245-5249 27 Lhnas, R and Yarom, Y (1981) J Physlol 315,569--584 28 Lhnas, R and Jahnsen, H (1982) Nature (London) 297,406-408 29 Jahnsen, H and Lhnas, R (1984)J Phystol 349,205-226 30 Carbone, E and Lux, H D (1984) Btophys J 46,413--418 31 Carbone, E and Lux, H D (1984) Nature (London) 310, 501-502 32 Nowycky. M C, Fox, A P and Tslen, R W (1984) Soc Neuroscl 10, 526 (abstract) 33 Fox, A P, Nowycky, M C and Tslen, R W (1984) Soc Neurosc~ 10, 526 (abstract) 34 Fox, A P. Hess, P, Lansman, J B, Nowycky, M C andTslen, R W (1984) 1 Physlol 353, 75p 35 Tsunoo, A , Yoshn, M and Narahashl, T (1984) Soc Neurosct 10,527 (abstract) 36 Halhwell, J V (1983)J Phystol 341, 10-- lip 37 Brown, D A and Gnfflth, W H (1983)J Phystol 337,303-320 38 Brown, D A, Constantl, Docherty, R J , Galvan, M , Gahwder, B and Halh- well, J V (1984) Proceedings of the IUPHAR 9th International Congress of Pharmacology (in press) RICHARDJ MILLER Department of Pharmacology and Physlologwal Saences, Umverstty of Chwago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Airwriting: Hands-Free Mobile Text Input by Spotting and Continuous Recognition of 3d-Space Handwriting with Inertial Sensors (2012)

We present an input method which enables complex hands-free interaction through 3d handwriting recognition. Users can write text in the air as if they were using an imaginary blackboard. Motion sensing is done wirelessly by accelerometers and gyroscopes which are attached to the back of the hand. We propose a two-stage approach for spotting and recognition of handwriting gestures. The spotting stage uses a Support Vector Machine to identify data segments which contain handwriting. The recognition stage uses Hidden Markov Models (HMM) to generate the text representation from the motion sensor data. Individual characters are modeled by HMMs and concatenated to word models. Our system can continuously recognize arbitrary sentences, based on a freely definable vocabulary with over 8000 words. A statistical language model is used to enhance recognition performance and restrict the search space. We report the results from a nine-user experiment on sentence recognition for person dependent and person independent setups on 3d-space handwriting data. For the person independent setup, a word error rate of 11% is achieved, for the person dependent setup 3% are achieved. We evaluate the spotting algorithm in a second experiment on a realistic dataset including everyday activities and achieve a sample based recall of 99% and a precision of 25%. We show that additional filtering in the recognition stage can detect up to 99% of the false positive segments.
Fault current limiting properties of YBCO-films on sapphire substrates (1999)

We have studied the switching of YBCO thin film resistive fault current limiting devices. Films of 300 nm thickness were deposited on 2 inch and 4 inch sapphire substrates by thermal co-evaporation. Bridges 10 mm wide and 22 mm long (2 inch) or 42 mm long (4 inch) were structured by standard photolithography. Contacts were made by in-situ gold overlayers and soft solder. The gold film was removed from the switching area so that the YBCO film was not shunted. The films were tested by 30 /spl mu/s DC pulses and 50 Hz AC pulses for 50 ms. We find evidence that at the AC tests heat propagates over several cm under these conditions in sapphire so that hot spots can be avoided even without shunt layer with the prospect of higher switching power. The highest destruction free switching power-the RMS critical current times RMS voltage after switching-was 57 kVA. The highest switching power density achieved was 2.5 kVA/cm/sup 2/. To our knowledge, these are the highest switching power densities observed so far.