gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asbestos, chromosomal deletions, and tumor suppressor gene alterations in human malignant mesothelioma (1999)

Exposure to the carcinogen asbestos is considered to be a major factor contributing to the development of most malignant mesotheliomas (MMs). We highlight the role of asbestos in MM and summarize cytogenetic and molecular genetic findings in this malignancy. The accumulation of numerous clonal chromosomal deletions in most MMs suggests a multistep process of tumorigenesis, characterized by the loss and/or inactivation of multiple tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). Cytogenetic and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses of MMs have demonstrated frequent deletions of specific sites within chromosome arms 1p, 3p, 6q, 9p, 13q, 15q, and 22q. Furthermore, TSGs within two of these regions, i.e., p16/CDKN2A-p14ARF at 9p21 and NF2 at 22q12, are frequently altered in MMs. Homozygous deletion appears to be the major mechanism affecting p16/CDKN2A-p14ARF, whereas inactivating mutations coupled with allelic loss occur at the NF2 locus. Finally, recent studies have demonstrated the presence and expression of simian virus 40 (SV40) in many MMs. SV40 large T antigen has been shown to inactivate the TSG products Rb and p53, suggesting the possibility that asbestos and SV40 could act as cocarcinogens in MM. The frequent occurrence of homozygous deletions of p16/CDKN2A-p14ARF and the ability of SV40 Tag to bind TSG products suggest that perturbations of both Rb- and p53-dependent growth-regulatory pathways are critically involved in the pathogenesis of MM.
Can a sociobiology of mind discard the will? (1991)

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Dynamic disorganization of synaptic NMDA receptors triggered by autoantibodies from psychotic patients (2017)

The identification of circulating autoantibodies against neuronal receptors in neuropsychiatric disorders has fostered new conceptual and clinical frameworks. However, detection reliability, putative presence in different diseases and in health have raised questions about potential pathogenic mechanism mediated by autoantibodies. Using a combination of single molecule-based imaging approaches, we here ascertain the presence of circulating autoantibodies against glutamate NMDA receptor (NMDAR-Ab) in about 20% of psychotic patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and very few healthy subjects. NMDAR-Ab from patients and healthy subjects do not compete for binding on native receptor. Strikingly, NMDAR-Ab from patients, but not from healthy subjects, specifically alter the surface dynamics and nanoscale organization of synaptic NMDAR and its anchoring partner the EphrinB2 receptor in heterologous cells, cultured neurons and in mouse brain. Functionally, only patients' NMDAR-Ab prevent long-term potentiation at glutamatergic synapses, while leaving NMDAR-mediated calcium influx intact. We unveil that NMDAR-Ab from psychotic patients alter NMDAR synaptic transmission, supporting a pathogenically relevant role.
A Fuzzy-Optimization Approach for Generation Scheduling With Wind and Solar Energy Systems (2007)

This paper presents a fuzzy-optimization approach for solving the generation scheduling problem with consideration of wind and solar energy systems. Wind and solar energy are being considered in the power system to schedule unit power output to minimize the total thermal unit fuel cost. When performing the generation scheduling problem in conventional methods, the hourly load, available water, wind speed, solar radiation must be forecasted to prevent errors. However, actually there are always errors in these forecasted values. A characteristic feature of the proposed fuzzy-optimization approach is that the forecast hourly load, available water, wind speed and solar radiation errors can be taken into account using fuzzy sets. Fuzzy set notations in the hourly load, available water, wind speed, solar radiation, spinning reserve and total fuel cost are developed to obtain the optimal generation schedule under an uncertain environment. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the generation scheduling problem is performed in a simplified generation system. The results show that a proper generating schedule for each unit can be reached using the proposed method.
Growth-Induced Noncubic Anisotropy Arising from the Tetrahedral Sites in Garnets (1971)

We have observed noncubic growth-induced anisotropy in garnets prepared to preclude the mechanism based on rare-earth ions, such as Eu3Fe5−xGaxO12 with a single rare-earth ion, or such as Y3−2xCa2xVxFe5−x O12 with only diamagnetic ions on the dodecahedral sites; all samples contain a mixture of constituents on tetrahedral sites. We show that the noncubic anisotropy can be explained by distortion of the local symmetry around tetrahedral ions caused by preferential site ordering among their tetrahedral neighbors. A similar distortion of tetrahedral symmetry by ordering of dodecahedral ions should contribute in mixed rare-earth garnets.
Laser induced crystallization: a method for preparing silicon thin film solar cells (2002)

The preparation of coarse grained silicon thin films on glass suited for solar cells is investigated. The authors start from amorphous hydrogenated silicon thin films several 100 nm thick deposited on glass. Different laser crystallization processes are discussed. By an Ar/sup +/ laser scan, the amorphous layer is melted and recrystallized to grains several 10 /spl mu/m in size. Alternatively an explosive crystallization process was applied in which the film is preheated to 1000/spl deg/C by an Ar/sup +/ laser. The explosive crystallization is induced by an additional Nd:YAG laser pulse. In this process, at any position, the melt exists only for some ns. Grains of several /spl mu/m in length were produced. The films were thickened to several /spl mu/m by simultaneous deposition of further a-Si:H and in situ epitactic crystallization applying repeated excimer laser pulses.
Separation of gases by means of a porous glass membrane at high temperatures. (1984)

A number of experimental studies of gas separation through a porous glass membranehave been performed. It is one of the advantages of the porous glass membranethat it can be used at high temperatures.
Nonsurgical delay of skin flaps: Effect of a suture delay technique on blood flow and survival (1995)

Surgical delay is the only clinical means of improving survival of skin flap tissue, but it has inherent risks and costs of a surgical procedure. This study tested the hypothesis that any method of disrupting the circulation at the distal perimeter of a planned skin flap would induce collateral circulation from the base of the flap and thereby improve flap survival. The suture delay technique was performed on rats, and two outcome measures were used: blood flow patterns and skin flap survival. Blood flow patterns were tested before and after the suture technique by means of the base occlusion test. Flap survival in the suture delay group was compared with survival in acute and surgical delay control groups. Flap survival in the suture delay group (95.6% +/- 0.6%, n = 22) was significantly greater than in the acute control group (85.7% +/- 1.6%, n = 22) and was not different from that in the surgical delay model (95.2% +/- 0.5%, n = 21). Laser Doppler studies demonstrated a change in blood flow patterns. This study supports the theory that the mechanism of the delay phenomenon is the development of collateral blood from the base of the flap and suggests that the benefits of delay can be achieved with minimal surgical trauma.
Predictive control with Gaussian process models (2004)

This paper describes model-based predictive control based on Gaussian processes. Gaussian process models provide a probabilistic non-parametric modelling approach for black-box identification of nonlinear dynamic systems. It offers more insight in variance of obtained model response, as well as fewer parameters to determine than other models. The Gaussian processes can highlight areas of the input space where prediction quality is poor, due to the lack of data or its complexity, by indicating the higher variance around the predicted mean. This property is used in predictive control, where optimisation of control signal takes the variance information into account. The predictive control principle is demonstrated on a simulated example of nonlinear system.
Study on polarization effect of optical system (1992)

Transformation of the degree of polarization under the action of a nondepola-rizing system is analysed. We find that the degree of polarization may be reduced in gome nonpolarizing systems and it does not agree with the belief before.
Coaxial capacitive voltage divider with high division ratio for high voltage pulses with very fast rise times (2011)

In this paper, a capacitive voltage divider with a high division ratio of >;1:1000 based on a high voltage coaxial cable and discrete foil capacitors mounted around the cable is investigated. The divider is designed for high voltage pulses up to 200 kV and has a relatively simple and robust design. For the presented voltage divider a circuit model is presented, which is also validated by measurements using a impedance analyzer and by comparisons with HV standard voltage probes.
Organic Analysis. XLIX. Color Reaction of 3, 4-, 4, 5-, or 3, 5-Dinitrophthalic Acid with Reducing Sugars. (1964)

3, 4-Dinitrophthalic acid gave a sensitive violet coloration with glucose when heated in aqueous sodium carbonate. In this color reaction, the acid was reduced to 3-nitro-4-hydroxylaminophthalic acid. 4, 5-Dinitrophthalic acid behaved in the same way as the 3, 4-isomer, and was reduced to 4-hydroxylamino-5-nitrophthalic acid. 3, 5-Dinitrophthalic acid was less sensitive in the reaction, showing a yellow coloration by its reduced substances down to 3-amino-5-nitrophthalic acid.
Rapid Screening of Targetable Kinase Gene Fusions in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2017)

Abstract Background: Philadelphia-like (Ph-like) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a high-risk subtype characterized by a similar expression profiling to ALL with BCR-ABL rearrangement, but due to different genomic alterations that activate cytokine receptor and kinase signaling. Diagnose of this type of leukemia is challenging and current diagnostic algorithms include a combination of different techniques, most of them time-consuming and expensive. Here we present a multi-probe Fluorescence In Situ Hybridation (FISH)- Panel based screening test that permit a rapid diagnosis of ALL (including Ph-like ALL). Methods: We analysed 42 adolescent and adult patients (13 - 72 years old) diagnosed with ALL without BCR/ABL and KMT2A rearrangements. We performed a one-slide custom designed FISH panel in parallel with chromosome banding analysis. The panel included probes for ETV6/RUNX1, KMT2A, BCR/ABL1, E2A, CRLF2/P 2RY8, CSF1R, EPOR, PDGFRB, ABL2, JAK2, and IGH probes (Custom chromoprobe multiprobe ALL, Cytocell). Results: There were no hybridation failures. We identified 30 patients with alterations (71%), 20 of them (67%) with normal karyotype or without metaphases. The most common alterations were E2A deletion (8/30, 27%) [3 patients in a context of E2A/PBX rearrangement], hiperdiplid karyotype (6/30, 20%), ABL2 gain (5/30, 17%), CRLF2/IGH rearrangement (4/30, 13%), ETV6 deletion (4/30, 13%), IGH rearrangement (3/30, 10%) and JAK2 rearrangement (2/30, 7%). All together, Ph-like defining abnormalities comprised 20% of cases. Conclusions: We have validated a rapid and easy test to improve ALL subtype diagnosis, including Ph-like ALL. The panel allowed for 24h-diagnosis in cases without or not assessable metaphases. In conclusion, this panel can be a complementary technique for the immediate identification of most common rearrangements in ALL, particullary those with treatment implications. Disclosures Sanz: Gamida Cell: Research Funding. Solano: Neovii: Honoraria.
Hinky: Defending against Text-Based Message Spam on Smartphones (2011)

We present a defense platform against text-based message SPAM on SmartPhones. We focus in particular on Short Message Service (SMS) based SPAM. Our solution relies on a social network based collaborative approach to filter this type of spam using Bloom filters and content hashing. We detail the design of the supporting framework and validate its efficiency in minimizing false positive and limiting the storage space.
Estrogenic Activities of 517 Chemicals by Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay. (2000)

One of the urgent tasks in understanding endocrine disruptors (EDs) is to compile a list of suspected substances among the huge number of chemicals by using the screening test method. We developed a simple and rapid screen-ing method using the yeast two-hybrid system based on the ligand-dependent interaction of nuclear hormone recep-tors with coactivators. To date, we have tested the estrogenic activity of more than 500 chemicals including natural substances, medicines, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. 64 compounds were evaluated as positive, and most of these demonstrated a common structure; phenol with a hydrophobic moiety at the para-position without bulky groups at the ortho-position. These results are expected to facilitate further risk assessment of chemicals. Key words —– — endocrine disruptor, yeast two-hybrid assay, estrogenic activity, 517 chemicals, structure–activ-ity relationship, risk assessment *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Graduate
Putative gamma-subunit of the IL-2 receptor is detected in low, intermediate, and high affinity IL-2 receptor-bearing cells. (1990)

Three forms of the IL-2R have been reported: low, intermediate, and high affinity. Each form correlates with the expression of two different chains: p55 (alpha-subunit) and p75 (beta-subunit). We report here a putative new subunit of the IL-2R, termed p95-110 or gamma-subunit. This new subunit has a molecular mass of 95 to 110 kDa and is expressed in low, intermediate, and high affinity IL-2R-bearing cells. We propose that p95-110 is the partner of p75 in the formation of intermediate affinity IL-2R, inasmuch as neither p75 nor p95-110 alone can bind IL-2.
Manipulation of SV40 Vectors (2003)

ABSTACT: SV40 is a small simian virus that has been extensively used as a viral vector in mammalian cells (1-4). The viral genome is a double-stranded supercoiled DNA molecule of 5243 bp (Fig. 1A) that is packaged into a capsid containing the viral structural proteins VP1,VP2, and VP3. SV40 induces a lytic infection cycle in permissive cells. The first step in the replication cycle is synthesis of early mRNA. This is followed by DNA replication and expression of late mRNAs that encode the structural proteins. New virus particles are formed, and the infection ultimately kills the cells. Fig. 1. Schematic diagrams of the genome of SV40 and the SV40 expression vectors p14, pBABY, and pSVEpR4. The detailed maps and constructions of these vectors have been described elsewhere (8,(11,(12).
Warranty cost estimation using simulation (1988)

The purpose of this paper is to consider a warranty estimation problem using a simulation approach. Prior research has estimated warranty costs using mathematical expectations. In the simulated approach, the time to failure has been assumed to be exponentially distributed. Three different rebate functions are considered: a linear pro rata rebate, a lumpsum rebate, and a full rebate up to a certain point and a linear pro rata from then until the warranty expires.
Optimization of regulatory architectures in metabolic reaction networks (1996)

Successful biotechnological applications, such as amino acid production, have demonstrated significant improvement in bioprocess performance by genetic modifications of metabolic control architectures and enzyme expression levels. However, the stoichiometric complexity of metabolic pathways, along with their strongly nonlinear nature and regulatory coupling, necessitates the use of structured kinetic models to direct experimental applications and aid in quantitative understanding of cellular bioprocesses. A novel optimization problem is introduced here, the objective of which is to identify changes in the regulatory characteristics of pertinent enzymes and in their cellular content which should be implemented to optimize a particular metabolic process. The mathematical representation of the metabolic reaction networks used is the S-system representation, which at steady state is characterized by linear equations. Exploiting the linearity of the representation, we formulated the optimization problem as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem. This formulation allows the consideration of a regulatory superstructure that contains all alternative regulatory structures that can be considered for a given pathway. The proposed approach is developed and illustrated using a simple linear pathway. Application of the framework on a complicated pathway-namely, the xanthine monophosphate (XMP) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP) synthesis pathway-identified the modification of the regulatory architecture that, along with changes in enzyme expression levels, can increase the XMP and GMP concentration by over 114 times the reference value, which is 50 times more than could be achieved by changes in enzyme expression levels only. (c) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Continuous Image Writer: a new approach to fast direct writing (2000)

We report on the development of a production tool of a new system for fast submicron lithography by optical direct wring. The Continuous Image Writer (CIW) combines the advantages of direct writing by using a programmable mask with the advantages of conventional optical lithography by using the same lithographic processes for image formation in photoresists. The CIW can write faster than conventional direct writers and it is more flexible than wafer steppers or scanners. The CIW is designed for maskless patterning of wafers and substrates down to 0.60 micrometers feature size. It reaches a maximum writing speed of 1,250 mm<SUP>2</SUP>/min. Our system uses a Lambda Physik KrF excimer laser as light source. The CIW includes all the components necessary for the fully automated exposure of wafers or substrates including automated substrate handling and alignment.
Interaction between DSO and TSO to increase DG penetration - the Portuguese example (2012)

The operation of transmission networks is made depending on their loads - distribution system. Transmission systems are optimized to ensure loads and generation from EHV, HV and MV. The connection of DG units to distribution networks can impact the planning and operation of transmission systems. When these units are predominantly from renewable sources, given their intermittency or derived from disturbances, they may temporarily disappear causing potential problems on the balance between loads and generation. This paper addresses the challenges that DG units may cause on distribution and transmission networks and, hence, the need for information exchange between DSO and TSO. An example of a real implementation is detailed and the quantity and type of information valuable for both system operators is explained.
<i>In Vitro</i> Comparison of Inhibiting Ability of Soluble TNF Receptor p75 (TBP II) vs. Soluble TNF Receptor p55 (TBP I) Against TNF-α and TNF-β (1996)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and lymphotoxin (LT, TNF-beta) are pleiotropic cytokines involved in diverse biologic processes, including immune and inflammatory reactions. The biologic responses to TNF are mediated through two forms of cell surface receptors, p55R and p75R. Both receptors exist in a soluble form (p55-sR or TBP I and p75-sR or TBP II), generated by the proteolytic cleavage of the extracellular regions of the molecule. These soluble forms may act by binding and, hence, neutralizing circulating TNF. In the present study, the murine A9 cell line in vitro bioassay was used to test TBP I and TBP II for their neutralizing activity against recombinant human TNF-alpha (rHu-TNF-alpha), and TNF-beta (rHu-TNF-beta) and recombinant murine TNF-alpha (rMu-TNF-alpha). Moreover, TBP I and TBP II were tested for their ability to displace TBP I in the TNF-TBP receptor binding assay (RIBA) against human and murine TNF-alpha as well as TNF-beta. TBP I, from either recombinant (from CHO and Escherichia coli) or urinary origin, was the most effective inhibitor with respect to rHu-TBP II (from CHO) against either human or murine TNF-alpha both in the A9 cells bioassay and in the RIBA assay. Both TBP I and TBP II preparations were less effective in protecting the A9 cells from the toxic effects of rMu-TNF-alpha than from those of rHu-TNF-alpha. The rHu-TBP II preparation was the most effective in inhibiting the cytocidal effect of rHu-TNF-beta on A9 cells and as active as TBP I in the RIBA assay. This result seems to indicate rHu-TBP II as the better soluble TNF receptor able to reverse the rHu-TNF-beta-induced toxicity, at least on A9 cells, leading to consideration of its therapeutic use in those diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, where a role for TNF-beta is indicated.
Nocardicin A, a new monocyclic .BETA.-lactam antibiotic. II. Structure determination of nocardicins A and B. (1976)

The structures of nocardicins A and B, novel monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotics produced by a strain of Nocardia, have been established as 1 and 2, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. They are the first examples of monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotics possessing relatively high antimicrobial activity, and are stereochemically and biologically related to penicillins and cephalosporins.
Down-regulation of T Cell Activation following Inhibition of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV/CD26 by the N-terminal Part of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor (2000)

Using synthetic inhibitors, it has been shown that the ectopeptidase dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV) (CD26) plays an important role in the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes. The human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat protein, as well as the N-terminal nonapeptide Tat(1-9) and other peptides containing the N-terminal sequence XXP, also inhibit DP IV and therefore T cell activation. Studying the effect of amino acid exchanges in the N-terminal three positions of the Tat(1-9) sequence, we found that tryptophan in position 2 strongly improves DP IV inhibition. NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling show that the effect of Trp(2)-Tat(1-9) could not be explained by significant alterations in the backbone structure and suggest that tryptophan enters favorable interactions with DP IV. Data base searches revealed the thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2-R) as a membrane protein extracellularly exposing N-terminal MWP. TXA2-R is expressed within the immune system on antigen-presenting cells, namely monocytes. The N-terminal nonapeptide of TXA2-R, TXA2-R(1-9), inhibits DP IV and DNA synthesis and IL-2 production of tetanus toxoid-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, TXA2-R(1-9) induces the production of the immunosuppressive cytokine transforming growth factor-beta1. These data suggest that the N-terminal part of TXA2-R is an endogenous inhibitory ligand of DP IV and may modulate T cell activation via DP IV/CD26 inhibition.
Holographic femtosecond laser processing using optimal-rotation-angle method with compensation of spatial frequency response of liquid crystal spatial light modulator (2007)

Holographic femtosecond laser processing performs high-speed parallel processing using a computer-generated hologram (CGH) displayed on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator. A critical issue is to precisely control the intensities of the diffraction peaks of the CGH. We propose a method of compensating for the spatial frequency response in the design of CGH using the optimal-rotation-angle method. By applying the proposed method, the uniformity of the diffraction peaks was improved. We demonstrate holographic femtosecond laser processing with two-dimensional and three-dimensional parallelism.