gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rhodium(I)-cyclooctadiene (cod) complexes with the N-donor ligands 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (dbu) and 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (dbn) (1992)

[RhCl(C 8 H 12 )(C 9 H 16 N 2 )], I, cristallise dans P2 1 avec a = 7,398, b = 11,439 et c = 10,727 A, β = 106,42 °, Z = 2; affinement jusqu'a R = 0,026. [RhCl(C 8 H 12 )(C 7 H 12 N 2 )].0,5C 4 H 8 O 2 , II, cristallise dans P2 1 /c avec a = 7,231, b = 15,870 et c = 15,870 A, β = 100,40 °, Z = 4; affinement jusqu'a R = 0,044. Geometrie plan carre legerement deformee autour de Rh dans les deux cas.
Comparison of Anisotropic versus Isotropic Metamaterials in Low Profile UHF Antenna Design (2014)

Abstract : This report compares the use of anisotropic material versus isotropic material in a partially loaded cavity-backed antenna. Both magnetic and dielectric materials are studied, and a full case study is performed highlighting the different effects produced by varying the individual anisotropic tensor elements. The final result of the study is a design for a low profile (0.055 ) cavity backed antenna. The shape of the cavity is uniquely determined by a transverse resonance resulting from the partial loading and the permittivity and/or permeability of the anisotropic material. The performance of the final design compares favorably both in realized gain and VSWR from 300 MHz 500 MHz to a benchmark case. The benchmark case has the same aperture dimensions, but a large profile (.275 ) due to the absence of the high index anisotropic material.
Influence of Deposition Parameters on the Coalescence Stage of Growth of Metal Films (1968)

Growth of vapor-deposited films by coalescence processes in the post-nucleation stage is discussed. It is shown that increasing values of the parameters of rate of deposition, rate of evaporation from the vapor source, substrate temperature, and angle-of-incidence of vapors should produce increasing agglomeration (that is, islands smaller in number but larger in size), characteristic of high surface mobility. These predictions have been verified by the electrical and electron microscope studies on gold and silver films prepared under controlled conditions of rate of evaporation and rate of deposition. The critical thickness tc at which films become electrically continuous increases with increasing agglomeration. An exponential dependence of tc on the inverse of the reciprocal of substrate temperature yields two activation energies of 0.26 and 0.85 eV. The smaller activation energy obtained for temperatures below 450°K may be ascribed to thermal diffusion of adatoms, while the higher value is tentatively proposed to be due to the diffusion of subcritical nuclei resulting from thermal motion as well as the momentum transfer from the impinging energetic vapor. Oblique deposition enhances agglomeration. The growth and distribution of islands is found to be isotropic in the plane of the film for angles of incidence of up to 80°. Anisotropic (columnar) growth in the direction of the incident vapor occurs due to self-shadowing only after the film becomes physically continuous.
Posttranslational Modifications of HIV-1 Integrase by Various Cellular Proteins during Viral Replication (2013)

HIV-1 integrase (IN) is a key viral enzyme during HIV-1 replication that catalyzes the insertion of viral DNA into the host genome. Recent studies have provided important insights into the multiple posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of IN (e.g., ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation and phosphorylation), which regulate its multifaceted functions. A number of host cellular proteins, including Lens Epithelium-derived Growth factor (LEDGF/p75), p300 and Ku70 have been shown to interact with IN and be involved in the PTM process of IN, either facilitating or counteracting the IN PTMs. Although previous studies have revealed much about the important roles of IN PTMs, how IN functions are fine-tuned by these PTMs under the physiological setting still needs to be determined. Here, we review the advances in the understanding of the mechanisms and roles of multiple IN PTMs.
Query Optimization in a Heterogeneous DBMS (1992)

We propose a query optimization strategy for heterogeneous DBMSs that extends the traditional optimizer strategy widely used in commercial DBMSs to allow execution of queries over both known (i.e., proprietary) DBMSs and foreign vendor DBMSs that conform to some standard such as providing the usual relational database statistics. We assume that participating DBMSs are autonomous and may not be able, even if willing, to provide the cost model parameters. The novelty of the strategy is to deduce the necessary information by calibrating a given DBMS. As the calibration has to be done as a user, not as a system administrator, it poses unpredictability problems such as inferring the access methods used by the DBMS, idiosyncrasies of the storage subsystem and coincidental clustering of data. In this paper we propose a calibrating database which is synthetically created so as to make the process of deducing the cost model coefficients reasonably devoid of the unpredictability problems. Using this procedure, we calibrate three commercial DBMSs, namely Allbase, DB2, and Informix, and observe that in 80 % of the cases the estimate is quite accurate. 1 Mot ivat ion Heterogeneity of databases and database management systems (DBMSs) h ave gained its due recognition as a result of the advent of open systems. Typically this heterogeneity may result from semantic discrepancies in the data, multiple data models, different systems, etc. All of these are consequences of the need for independent database systems to interoperate while
Mitochondrial targeting sequence of the influenza A virus PB1‐F2 protein and its function in mitochondria (2004)

The influenza A virus PB1-F2 protein predominantly localizes in the mitochondria of virus-infected cells. A series of cDNAs encoding N- and C-terminal deletion mutants and site-directed mutagenesis of the basic residues of PB1-F2 appended to 3xFLAG revealed the domain from residues 46 to 75 to be both necessary and sufficient for mitochondrial targeting. In addition, the subdomain residues 63-75 and both Lys73 and Arg75 are minimally required for mitochondrial localization. Transfection of untagged- and 3xFLAG tagged-PB1-F2 into Vero, HeLa and MDCK cells changed the mitochondrial morphology from a filamentous to a dotted structure and suppressed the inner-membrane potential.
Establishing Trust in Online Advertising With Signed Transactions (2020)

Programmatic advertising operates one of the most sophisticated and efficient service platforms on the Internet. However, the complexity of this ecosystem is a direct cause of one of the most important problems in online advertising, the lack of transparency. This lack of transparency enables subsequent problems such as advertising fraud, which causes billions of dollars in losses. In this paper we propose Ads.chain, a technological solution to the lack-of-transparency problem in programmatic advertising. Ads.chain extends the current effort of the Internet Advertising Bureau (IAB) in providing traceability in online advertising through the Ads.txt and Ads.cert solutions, addressing the limitations of these techniques. Ads.chain is (to the best of the authors' knowledge) the first solution that provides end-to-end cryptographic traceability at the ad transaction level. It is a communication protocol that can be seamlessly embedded into ad-tags and the OpenRTB protocol, the de-facto standards for communications in online advertising, allowing an incremental adoption by the industry. We have implemented Ads.chain and made the code publicly available. We assess the performance of Ads.chain through a thorough analysis in a lab environment that emulates a real ad delivery process at real-life throughputs. The obtained results show that Ads.chain can be implemented with limited impact on the hardware resources and marginal delay increments at the publishers lower than 0.20 milliseconds per ad space on webpages and 2.6 milliseconds at the programmatic advertising platforms. These results confirm that Ads.chain's impact on the user experience and the overall operation of the programmatic ad delivery process can be considered negligible.
A Novel Screening Method for Selection of Horizontal Refracturing Candidates in Shale Gas Reservoirs (2011)

Abstract A novel method to rapidly screen potential horizontal refracturing candidates utilizing production performance and completion data analysis is presented. Candidate selection methods based solely on production comparison analysis are not very effective (Reeves, 2000). Integration of initial hydraulic fracture completion details augments the process and helps in screening understimulated wells in different production classes. To accomplish this, a new index called a "completion index" is defined after analysis of the completion parameters, production behavior and their inter-relationship. Typically, a completion index will be based on the well completion and stimulation job parameters, such as completion type, fluid volume, proppant volume, completed interval length, number of stages etc. The production index is a time normalized production indicator representative of longer-term production or expected ultimate recovery. A crossplot of production indicators and the completion index is used in the initial screening of potential candidates. This method enables fast and efficient screening of wells with a below- average completion index and similar production index from thousands of wells. The screened candidates can then be taken to a higher tier of analysis that integrates the production performance and completion information with available petro-physical data and geological information. A reservoir quality indicator along the horizontal laterals can be extracted from the reservoir model and analyzed with completion index to better understand the production drivers. Based on the data sets studied from Barnett shale areas it was possible to rapidly shortlist 15–20% of the wells from a large well population for further detailed analysis. Wells with an average and higher production index with below average completion index proved to be better candidates in terms of economic payout.
Amphotericin B Lipid Complex for Invasive Fungal Infections: Analysis of Safety and Efficacy in 556 Cases (1998)

The safety and antifungal efficacy of amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) were evaluated in 556 cases of invasive fungal infection treated through an open-label, single-patient, emergency-use study of patients who were refractory to or intolerant of conventional antifungal therapy. All 556 treatment episodes were evaluable for safety. During the course of ABLC therapy, serum creatinine levels significantly decreased from baseline (P < .02). Among 162 patients with serum creatinine values > or = 2.5 mg/dL at the start of ABLC therapy (baseline), the mean serum creatinine value decreased significantly from the first week through the sixth week (P < or = .0003). Among the 291 mycologically confirmed cases evaluable for therapeutic response, there was a complete or partial response to ABLC in 167 (57%), including 42% (55) of 130 cases of aspergillosis, 67% (28) of 42 cases of disseminated candidiasis, 71% (17) of 24 cases of zygomycosis, and 82% (9) of 11 cases of fusariosis. Response rates varied according to the pattern of invasive fungal infection, underlying condition, and reason for enrollment (intolerance versus progressive infection). These findings support the use of ABLC in the treatment of invasive fungal infections in patients who are intolerant of or refractory to conventional antifungal therapy.
5-Quinone derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphate: inhibition and inactivation of thymidylate synthase, antitumor cell, and antiviral studies (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5-Quinone derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphate: inhibition and inactivation of thymidylate synthase, antitumor cell, and antiviral studiesLaman A. Al-Razzak, Douglas Schwepler, Charles J. Decedue, Jan Balzarini, Erik De Clercq, and Mathias P. MertesCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 2, 409–419Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00385a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00385a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views346Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A new surface mount power package (2002)

A new surface mount power package is introduced. This power package is designed from the start with surface mounting in mind. It is suitable for all reflow soldering methods. The main advantages of the package are excellent thermal performance, high power capability and high power density, versatility and thermally efficient and reliable soldering. It is shown that the new PowerSO-10 is a perfect successor to the TO-220 package for the surface mount technology (SMT) environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
"Cytosolic" phospholipase A2 is in the nucleus of subconfluent endothelial cells but confined to the cytoplasm of confluent endothelial cells and redistributes to the nuclear envelope and cell junctions upon histamine stimulation. (1996)

The synthesis of arachidonic acid metabolites is initiated by activation of the sn-arachidonyl-dependent, 85-kd "cytosolic" phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) enzyme. We have investigated the subcellular localization of cPLA2 in resting and histamine-treated human and bovine endothelial cells (EC) using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. In tightly confluent EC, cPLA2 was primarily localized in the cytoplasm. Surprisingly, in subconfluent EC, cPLA2 was also prominently located within the cell nucleus. By immunoblotting of cell lysates after SDS-PAGE, the cytoplasmic molecular species in subconfluent cells displayed the characteristic Mr 110,000, whereas nuclear extracts contained a predominant Mr 70,000. Nuclear localization of cPLA, in subconfluent EC is independent of cell cycle because it was observed in growth-arrested cells as well as in dividing cells. Nuclear localization was also observed in subconfluent MDCK and HeLa cells where, in contrast to EC, it persisted in tightly confluent monolayers. Treatment of subconfluent EC with histamine caused a rapid, dose-dependent redistribution of cPLA2, from the nucleus to the nuclear envelope. The same treatment of confluent EC produced translocation of cytoplasmic enzyme to the nuclear envelope and to the plasma membrane at the intercellular junctions. The cell density dependence of cPLA2, localization may contribute to altered arachidonic acid metabolism in injured vessels as compared with quiescent vessels.
Gefäßchirurgie am Krankenhaus der Grund- und Regelversorgung (2002)

Die Gefäßchirurgie hat seit ihrer Entwicklung vor und während des ersten Weltkrieges zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen und wird heute von zahlreichen Krankenhäusern der unterschiedlichsten Versorgungsstufe angeboten. Die genaue Zahl gefäßchirurgischer Eingriffe sowie eine Zuordnung zu den einzelnen Versorgungsstrukturen ist unbekannt.
Identification of a second energy level of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>EL</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mn/></mml:math>in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:math>-type GaAs (1988)

A second energy level of the $\mathrm{EL}2$ defect has been identified in $n$-type epitaxial GaAs using junction space-charge techniques. The identification of this second energy level as being due to $\mathrm{EL}2$ is established by measurements of the $\mathrm{EL}2$-characteristic optical cross section for persistent quenching. The spectral dependence of the optical cross sections for promoting the second electron to the conduction band ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{n2}^{o}$ and the corresponding optical excitation of a hole to the valence band ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{p2}^{o}$ have been determined in absolute numbers at $T=150$ K and $T=85$ K, respectively.
Optical coatings for the FY-1 Meteorological Satellite and airborne remote sensing instruments (1994)

The optical interference coatings that have been successfully used in the Chinese FY-1 Meteorological Satellite and airborne remote sensing instruments are described. The system requirements for these coatings, the design approach, fabrication techniques, and the results achieved are presented.
Induktion Epstein-Barr Virus-spezifischer Immunantworten durch Exosomen und Virus-like Particles (2010)

EBV ist ein Herpesvirus, welches in über 90% aller Erwachsenen nachgewiesen werden kann und in den wenigsten Fällen Beschwerden verursacht. Unter bestimmten Umständen kann es aber zur Ausbildung einer Infektiösen Mononukleosekommen und auch an der Entstehung einer Reihe von Krebserkrankungen, allenvoran die PTLD (posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease), das Burkitt- und das Hodgkin-Lymphom, ist EBV ursächlich beteiligt. Trotz zahlreicher Bemühungen und einiger vielversprechender Ansätze ist bis heute kein wirksamer Impfstoff gegen das Epstein-Barr Virus vorhanden. Im Bereich Exosomen als Mittel zur Induktion von Immunantworten wird seit gut 10 Jahren geforscht und ihre Wirksamkeit konnte bereits in klinischen Studien zur Behandlung mehrerer Krebsarten getestet werden. In dieser Doktorarbeit wurden HEK 293-Zellen und ein auf diesen Zellen basierendes Verpackungssystem für virale Vektoren auf ihre Eignung hin untersucht, rekombinante Exosomen und Virus-like-Particles (VLPs) zu produzieren, welche eventuell als DNA-freies Vakzin gegen EBV eingesetzt werden könnten. In EBV-positiven Verpackungszelllinien konnte durch Induktion des lytischen EBV-Zyklus die Freisetzung DNA-freier VLPs erreicht werden. Genau wie Exosomen aus 293-Zellen, die zuvor mit Expressionsplasmiden für EBV-Antigene transfiziert worden waren, konnten sie aus dem Zellkulturmedium aufgereinigt werden. Ihr großes immunogenes Potential zeigte sich bei der Reaktivierung von EBV-spezifischen TZellklonen und Gedächtnis-T-Zellen aus PBMCs, wo bereits geringe Mengen für eine Stimulation ausreichten. Zu der hohen Effizienz der Partikel trug ihr Tropismus bei, der auf virale Glykoproteine, vor allem gp350, zurückzuführen war. Die Partikel besaßen dadurch eine Affinität zu B-Zellen, über die effizient die Präsentation der Exosomen und Virus-like-Particles erfolgte. Auch in in vivo-Versuchen, bei denen mit dem hu-PBMC-Rag-Mausmodell und dem MHV-68-Mausmodell gearbeitet wurde, konnten durch Immunisierung mit Exosomen bzw. Virus-like-Particles virusspezifische humorale wie zelluläre Imunantworten ausgelöst werden. In Stimulationsexperimenten von malignen Zellen aus Patienten mit chronisch lymphatischer B-Zellleukämie (B-CLL) konnte ich weiterhin zeigen, dass Exosomen und VLPs auch als Überträger funktioneller Moleküle wie den CD40L, einem Mitglied der Tumor-Nekrose-Faktor-Familie, fungieren können. Dieser bewirkte in den sonst nicht immunogenen und deshalb vom Immunsystem nicht erkannten CLL-Zellen eine verstärkte Expression kostimulatorischer, Adhäsions- und apoptoseassoziierter Moleküle. Auf diese Weise war es möglich, autologe Tumor- und EBV-spezifische T-Zellen zu reaktivieren. Exosomen und Virus-like-Particles könnten deshalb bei der Behandlung der B-CLL eine vielversprechende Alternative zur Gentherapie darstellen.
Quantitative detection of DNA labeled with magnetic nanoparticles using arrays of MgO-based magnetic tunnel junction sensors (2008)

We have demonstrated the detection of 2.5μM target DNA labeled with 16nm Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) using arrays of magnetic tunnel junction sensors with (001)-oriented MgO barrier layers. A MTJ sensor bridge was designed to detect the presence of magnetic NPs bonded with target DNA. A raw signal of 72μV was obtained using complementary target DNA, as compared with a nonspecific bonding signal of 25μV from noncomplementary control DNA. Our results indicate that the current system’s detection limit for analyte DNA is better than 100nM.
Antiferromagnetic order in the quasicrystal approximant Cd<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Tb studied by x-ray resonant magnetic scattering (2012)

We have used x-ray resonant magnetic scattering at the Tb ${L}_{2}$ edge to elucidate the nature of magnetic ordering in Cd${}_{6}$Tb, a 1/1 approximant closely related to the Cd-Mg-R (R = rare earth) icosahedral alloys. Below ${T}_{N}\ensuremath{\approx}24$ K, the ordered moments associated with the icosahedral clusters at the corners and body center of the pseudocubic unit cell are antiferromagnetically correlated, and long-range magnetic order is realized.
High-precision wavelength calibration of astronomical spectrographs with laser frequency combs (2024)

We describe a possible new technique for precise wavelength calibration of high-resolution astronomical spectrographs using femtosecond-pulsed mode-locked lasers controlled by stable oscillators such as atomic clocks. Such ‘frequency combs’ provide a series of narrow modes which are uniformly spaced according to the laser's pulse repetition rate and whose absolute frequencies are known a priori with relative precision better than 10−12. Simulations of frequency comb spectra show that the photon-limited wavelength calibration precision achievable with existing echelle spectrographs should be ~1 cm s−1 when integrated over a 4000 Å range. Moreover, comb spectra may be used to accurately characterize distortions of the wavelength scale introduced by the spectrograph and detector system. The simulations show that frequency combs with pulse repetition rates of 5-30 GHz are required, given the typical resolving power of existing and possible future echelle spectrographs. Achieving such high repetition rates, together with the desire to produce all comb modes with uniform intensity over the entire optical range, represents the only significant challenges in the design of a practical system. Frequency comb systems may remove wavelength calibration uncertainties from all practical spectroscopic experiments, even those combining data from different telescopes over many decades.
Spatial Confinement of Laser Light in Active Random Media (2000)

We have observed spatial confinement of laser light in micrometer-sized random media. The optical confinement is attributed to the disorder-induced scattering and interference. Our experimental data suggest that coherent amplification of the scattered light enhances the interference effect and helps the spatial confinement. Using the finite-difference time-domain method, we simulate lasing with coherent feedback in the active random medium.