gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antifection: an antibody-mediated method to introduce genes into lymphoid cells in vitro and in vivo. (1996)

We have developed a simple, safe and versatile method, termed antifection, by which antibodies are used as delivery vehicles to introduce genes into cells expressing specific surface antigens. Antibodies directed against CD3, CD34 or surface immunoglobulins were covalently coupled to plasmids containing marker genes (neoR, beta-galactosidase). Such conjugates were used in vitro and/or in vivo to antifect (transfect using antifection) cells bearing the respective targeted epitope on either normal splenic B lymphocytes or lymphoid-related cell lines. In these conditions the expression of the protein encoded by the marker gene was readily detected. Antifection is a method of delivering genes through a physiological cellular pathway, receptor-mediated endocytosis, into specific cell types, and thus may be considered as an alternative for gene therapy strategy.
Mid-infrared 2D Photodetector based on bilayer PtSe2 (2016)

In this work, large crystal atomic layer PtSe2 with a narrow band gap is synthesized by chemical transfer method. We then demonstrated, for the first time, mid-infrared photodetectors based on bilayer PtSe2 with fast response time and high responsivity up to 4.5 A/W under mid-infrared illumination (10 μm) at room temperature.
Ultrafast dynamics of the acoustic vaporization of phase-change microdroplets (2013)

Superheated emulsion droplets are a promising tool for localized drug delivery. The physical mechanisms underlying the ultrasound-triggered vaporization of phase-change emulsions are largely unexplored. Here we study the acoustic vaporization of individual micron-sized perfluoropentane droplets at a nanoseconds timescale. The nucleation and growth of the vapor bubbles was imaged at frame rates up to 20 Mfps. The droplet vaporization dynamics was observed to have three distinct regimes: (1) prior to nucleation, a regime of droplet deformation and oscillatory translations; (2) a rapid growth of a vapor bubble enhanced by ultrasound-driven rectified heat transfer; and (3) a final phase characterized by a relatively slow expansion that is fully dominated by heat transfer. A method to measure the moment of inception of the nucleation event with respect to the phase of the ultrasound wave is proposed. A simple physical model captures quantitatively all of the features of the subsequent vapor bubble growth. In addition, we study the role of gas through a model for a vapor-gas bubble, including thermal diffusion and gas diffusion inside the liquid and we find good agreement with the experimental data. We underline the fundamental role of gas diffusion to prevent total recondensation of the bubble at collapse.
Enhancement of QoE in Audio-Video IP Transmission by Utilizing Tradeoff between Spatial and Temporal Quality for Video Packet Loss (2008)

This paper proposes a methodology of video-stream output at the receiver for enhancing QoE (quality of experience) in audio-video IP transmission. The methodology copes with video packet loss by error concealment and/or video frame skipping; it utilizes the tradeoff relation of QoE between spatial and temporal quality caused by the two techniques. As a simple example of the methodology, we adopt a scheme which switches between the two techniques according to the percentage of video slices error-concealed in a frame; the scheme is referred to as SCS (switching between error concealment and frame skipping). We conducted experiments on the SCS with six contents. Taking into consideration the cross-modal interaction between audio and video, we then assessed QoE in terms of the psychological scale, which is more accurate than MOS (mean opinion score). The experimental result shows that the SCS can improve QoE over the simple error concealment or frame skipping by selecting an appropriate threshold value of the error concealment ratio, which depends on the content type, video picture pattern and degree of video motion.
NADPH Oxidase 4 Promotes Endothelial Angiogenesis Through Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation (2011)

Collectively, we demonstrate that augmented endothelial Nox4 expression promotes angiogenesis and recovery from hypoxia in an eNOS-dependent manner.
Chlorogenic Acid Profiles and Antioxidant Potentials of 17 Sweet Potato Varieties Cultivated in Korea: Impact of Extraction Condition and Classification by Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (2015)

A high resolution LC-ESI-QTOF-MS, LC-MS/MS, and HPLC-DAD analysis were conducted to isolate, identify and quantify the chlorogenic acids in 17 sweet potato varieties cultivated in Korea. The impacts of extracting solvent mixture system on the quantity and composition chlorogenic acids of the extracts were studied. It was found that extracting solvent mixture system greatly affected the quantity and quality of chlorogenic acids in the extracts of sweet potato. The optimum extracting solvent system was selected for extracting the chlorogenic acids from sweet potatoes. The profiles and quantities of chlorogenic acids in sweet potatoes were greatly different with variety, showing about 30-fold variation in quantity. Juhwangmi contained the highest quantity of chlorogenic acid (2393.65 g/g dry weight), while Matnami contained the least quantity of chlorogenic acid (68.62 g/g dry weight). High correlations (>0.97) were observed between chlorogenic acid contents and antioxidant potential data from DPPH, ABTS, FARP, and total phenolic assays. Sweet potatoes were statistically classified in 4 well defined groups in terms of their similarity in chlorogenic acid profile and quantity. This represents the first report on the profiles and quantity of chlorogenic acids as well as antioxidative potentials of several unreported sweet potato varieties.
<i>In vitro</i> biological activity of a novel small-molecule inhibitor of polo-like kinase 1 (2007)

Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays key roles in the regulation of mitotic progression, including mitotic entry, spindle formation, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis. PLK1 expression and activity are strongly linked to proliferating cells. Many studies have shown that PLK1 expression is elevated in a variety of tumors, and high expression often correlates with poor prognosis. Using a variety of methods, including small-molecule inhibition of PLK1 function and/or activity, apoptosis in cancer cell lines, cell cycle arrest in normal cell lines, and antitumor activity in vivo have been observed. In the present study, we have examined the in vitro biological activity of a novel and selective thiophene benzimidazole ATP-competitive inhibitor of PLK1 and PLK3 (5-(5,6-dimethoxy-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-3-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)-benzyl]oxy}thiophene-2-carboxamide, called compound 1). Compound 1 has low nanomolar activity against the PLK1 and PLK3 enzymes and potently inhibits the proliferation of a wide variety of tumor cell lines. In the lung adenocarcinoma cell line NCI-H460, compound 1 induces a transient G(2)-M arrest, mitotic spindle defects, and a multinucleate phenotype resulting in apoptosis, whereas normal human diploid fibroblasts arrest in G(2)-M and show little apoptosis. We also describe a cellular mechanistic assay that was developed to identify potent intracellular inhibitors of PLK1. In addition to its potential as a therapeutic agent for treating cancer, compound 1 is also a useful tool molecule for further investigation of the biological functions of PLK1 and PLK3.
Structures of the O-antigens of Klebsiella serotypes 02 (2a,2e), 02 (2a,2e,2h), and 02 (2a,2f,2g), members of a family of related D-galactan O-antigens in Klebsiella spp (1995)

The structures of the lipopolysaccharide O-antigens from Klebsiella serotypes 02(2a,2f,2g), O2(2a,2e) and O2(2a,2e,2h) have been determined. These O-polysaccharides are part of a family of related structures, which share a D-galactan I backbone. D-galactan I has the repeating unit structure: [→3)-β-D-Gal f-(1→3)-α-D-Gal p-(1→]. The O-polysaccharide of serotype O2(2a,2f,2g) differs from other known O-polysaccharides in Klebsiella spp. Each of the main-chain Gal p residues in the 02(2a,2f,2g) O-polysaccharide is substituted with an α-(1→4)-linked D-Gal p residue, to form a trisaccharide repeating unit. The LPS O-polysaccharides of serotypes O2(2a,2e) and O2(2a,2e,2h) both contain α-(1→2)-linked D-Galp substituents on the main-chain Galp residues, and resemble serotype O9. The only difference between the 09, O2(2a,2e), and O2(2a,2e,2h) carbohydrate structures involves the stoichiometry of addition of side chain α-D-Gal p residues. However, the polymers from serotypes O2(2a,2e), O2(2a,2e,2h) and 09 are all modified by O-acetylation and these modifications may contribute to altered antigenic factors. The structures reported here resolve ambiguities between previous chemical and serological analyses of 02 antigens. Genetic analyses showed that enzymes involved in the addition of α-D-Gal p residues are encoded by genes outside the rfb O9 (O-antigen biosynthesis) region and this provides an explanation for occasional non-stoichiometric addition of side chain α-D-Galp residues.
Analysis of phased array lenses (1968)

An equivalent network representation of a feedthrough lens array, which takes into account mutual coupling between the array elements, is presented. The model is employed to predict performance characteristics, which include element mismatch, peak voltage loading of the phase shifters, element currents, and transmitted power. Both analog and digital phase shifters are treated in the analysis. It is shown that, irrespective of the type of phase shifter, the mismatch from element to element at a fixed scan angle is not identical. This variation is explained in terms of the multiple reflections that take place between the two surfaces of the lens. Further, as a function of scan angle, the element mismatch for a digitally phased array lens does not vary in a smooth manner but exhibits a decided ripple.
YEATS (1939)

Journal Article YEATS Get access T. Sturge Moore T. Sturge Moore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 2, Issue 11, Summer 1939, Pages 273–278, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/2.11.273 Published: 01 July 1939
Influence of the interfacial dynamics of surface active substances on the rheological behaviour of fluid interfaces. (2000)

Drop and bubble methods are suitable for dilational rheological experiments as they are almost completely avoid additional shear deformations of the interface under study. An oscillating drop method as equivalent of the pulsating bubble has been developed for the characterisation of the dilational rheology of adsorption layers at the interface between two immiscible liquids. This method represents an easy to handle technique with a very broad range of application up to about 100 Hz. It is shown that the methods is also applicable to extremely slow interfacial area oscillations such as 0.01 Hz. A theory developed for the oscillating drop and bubble methods allows to evaluate the effect of various parameters, such as the cell properties and geometry, the liquid compressibility and viscosity, and finally the interfacial dilational elasticity and viscosity caused by the presence of an adsorption layer. When certain conditions are fulfilled the theory predicts a stable oscillation behaviour of a drop or bubble. The limits of stability are demonstrated experimentally. The theory allows also to support the optimum design of a measuring cell and its geometry and material. A set up has been designed and tested with respect to various experimental conditions. The software for the experimental run and data interpretation enables one to perform complete series of measurements. Model experiments have been performed with pure solvents, and with surfactant and protein solutions. The method is also applicable to non-aqueous systems such as surfactant oil solutions. The experimental findings agree qualitatively with the expected behaviour of the adsorption layers. For example, for proteins a maximum phase shift corresponding to a maximum dilational viscosity corresponds to a maximum in the surface shear viscosity as observed in torsion shear experiments.
Regulation of cholesterol esterification by micellar cholesterol in CaCo-2 cells (1987)

The regulation of acylcoenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity by cholesterol was studied in an established enterocyte cell line. CaCo-2 cells were grown in culture to confluency and dome formation. They were characterized morphologically by light and transmission electron microscopy. During the culture period, ACAT activity remained stable while the activities of the brush border enzymes sucrase and alkaline phosphatase progressively increased with time and plateaued 12 days after plating. As determined by the rate of incorporation of oleic acid into the individual lipid classes, the rate of triglyceride synthesis was twice that of phospholipid and 15 times that of cholesteryl ester synthesis in these cells. Incubating CaCo-2 cells with cholesterol solubilized in taurocholate micelles resulted in a significant increase in ACAT activity (149 +/- 5 pmol/dish per 2 hr vs. 366 +/- 5, (P less than 0.001) without changing the rates of triglyceride or phospholipid synthesis. The stimulation of ACAT activity by micellar cholesterol was rapid, occurring within 5 min and reaching a maximal effect by 2 hr. The regulation of ACAT activity by cholesterol was directly dependent upon the concentration of cholesterol solubilized in the micelle and was independent of protein synthesis. Incubating CaCo-2 cells with micellar cholesterol did not increase the esterification of, nor did the cholesterol enter the pool of, newly synthesized or performed cholesterol within 2 hr. The micellar cholesterol that was taken up by the cells was esterified within 5 min after starting the incubation. Progesterone, a known ACAT inhibitor, significantly decreased the rate of esterification of intracellular micellar cholesterol proving that the cholesterol taken up by CaCo-2 cells was indeed entering the ACAT pool. Despite increasing amounts of unesterified cholesterol entering the cells via micelles, the percent of cholesterol that was esterified at any one time remained constant at 1%. The results suggest that ACAT activity in CaCo-2 cells is stimulated by cholesterol delivered to the cells by way of taurocholate micelles. The rapid entry of this sterol into the ACAT substrate pool suggests that ACAT activity in CaCo-2 cells is regulated by the expansion of the cholesterol substrate pool that is being utilized by an unsaturated ACAT enzyme.
Development and Characterization of Platinum Thin Films for Gas Analysis Microsystem (2008)

Metalic thin films are required in many microelectromechanical systems which designed to operate at very high temperature and in harsh environment. In gas analysis microsystem, platinum thin films are used for both heating and temperature sensing due to ease of deposition, high melting temperature and resistance aganist oxidation. The main purpose of this work is to extend the stable operating temperature range of platinum heater, the reliability and linearity of the resistance over voltage changing.
Fashion Style in 128 Floats: Joint Ranking and Classification Using Weak Data for Feature Extraction (2016)

We propose a novel approach for learning features from weakly-supervised data by joint ranking and classification. In order to exploit data with weak labels, we jointly train a feature extraction network with a ranking loss and a classification network with a cross-entropy loss. We obtain high-quality compact discriminative features with few parameters, learned on relatively small datasets without additional annotations. This enables us to tackle tasks with specialized images not very similar to the more generic ones in existing fully-supervised datasets. We show that the resulting features in combination with a linear classifier surpass the state-of-the-art on the Hipster Wars dataset despite using features only 0.3% of the size. Our proposed features significantly outperform those obtained from networks trained on ImageNet, despite being 32 times smaller (128 single-precision floats), trained on noisy and weakly-labeled data, and using only 1.5% of the number of parameters.
ISHMAEL: An Integrated Software/Hardware Maintenance and Evolution Environment (1991)

This system-development environment is a companion to SysCAD that permits users to specify, prototype, simulate, develop, and document a complex digital system. ISHMAEL can manage the simultaneous evolution of a system's software and hardware. ISHMAEL users can develop faithful models of system performance that simulate the interaction of hardware and software at any level of detail. They can iterate hardware and software designs during a simulation, which permits realistic evaluation of design tradeoffs and implementation alternatives early in a system's life cycle and, thus, reduces system costs. ISHMAEL's integrated, graphical interface provides several views of the application being developed: a high-level or a detailed (i.e., schematic) hardware view, and the application-user's view. The system was used for prototyping, specification, evaluation, and implementation of a highly distributed, telecommunications system.
On-chip optical interconnects with compact and low-loss light distribution in silicon-on-insulator rib waveguides (2003)

The possibility of on-chip optical interconnects using rib waveguides on silicon-on-insulator substrates (SOI) is demonstrated. It is shown that ultrasmall (<0.4 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) rib waveguides intrinsically combine the advantages of low measured propagation losses (<0.5 dB/cm), negligible crosstalk between waveguides and no crosstalk at right angle crossings. A set of devices have been studied using finite difference time domain analysis to realize 90° change of direction and beam splitting, including fully etched mirrors and 1×2 star couplers of 14 ×8-μm area. Considering the compactness and efficiency of all studied devices, it is shown that a compact and low-loss light distribution can be achieved in an integrated circuit toward at least 64 photodetectors with SOI rib waveguides that fully meets requirements of minimal power to be delivered to receiver circuitry.
Effect of an In1−xAlxSb buffer layer on InSb thin film mobility (1999)

Indium antimonide magnetoresistors are used for magnetic position sensors in very demanding automotive environments such as crankshaft and camshaft angular position sensors for engine control. Growth of very thin InSb layers is desirable to increase the sheet resistance, which makes it possible to reduce the size of a magnetoresistor. However, the minimum thickness of indium antimonide used in production devices is typically limited to at least 1.5 μm by crystallographic defects arising from growth on lattice mismatched substrates and by the device requirement of very large electron mobilities. The use of a highly resistive In1−x AlxSb buffer layer was studied to determine its effects on the electron mobility of the InSb active layer. With optimized buffer layers, InSb active layers with 0.55 μm thickness could be grown with electron mobilities of approximately 40 000 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature and 30 000 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 200 °C.
Partial Purification and Characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase from Banana (<i>Musa sapientum</i>L<i>.</i>) Peel (2001)

Polyphenol oxidase (EC 1.10.3.1, o-diphenol: oxygen oxidoreductase, PPO) of banana (Musa sapientum L.) peel was partially purified about 460-fold with a recovery of 2.2% using dopamine as substrate. The enzyme showed a single peak on Toyopearl HW55-S chromatography. However, two bands were detected by staining with Coomassie brilliant blue on PAGE: one was very clear, and the other was faint. Molecular weight for purified PPO was estimated to be about 41 000 by gel filtration. The enzyme quickly oxidized dopamine, and its Km value (Michaelis constant) for dopamine was 3.9 mM. Optimum pH was 6.5 and the PPO activity was quite stable in the range of pH 5-11 for 48 h. The enzyme had an optimum temperature at 30 degrees C and was stable up to 60 degrees C after heat treatment for 30 min. The enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, potassium cyanide, L-ascorbic acid, and cysteine at 1 mM. Under a low buffer capacity, the enzyme was also strongly inhibited by citric acid and acetic acid at 10 mM.
The Self-Reported Sexual Behaviors of Single Older African Americans (2014)

Abstract\nAfrican Americans are disproportionally affected by HIV/AIDS, but little is known about the risky sexual behaviors of older African Americans. This cross-sectional, comparative study, investigated the self-reported sexual behaviors of sexually active older African Americans. The nonrandom sample (N = 78) included single African American men (59%) and women (41%), 50-74 years of age. Participants were recruited from various community sites, and data were collected with a standard sexual history questionnaire. Participants reported practicing risky behaviors such having unprotected oral, anal, and vaginal sex (96.5%), and having multiple sex partners (37.2%). There were several significant gender differences such as males using condoms more for vaginal sexual activity, and they discussed using a condom more than females. Faced with an aging population and a growing incidence of HIV/AIDS, older adults need to know the types of sexual behaviors that put them at risk and skills to reduce risky behaviors. Age/gender-appropriate interventions for HIV prevention are needed for older African Americans.
[Study on the construction of standard D12S391 allelic ladder and its genetic polymorphism in six populations]. (2002)

The results demonstrate that the standard ladder generated via this method is excellent, and D12S391 locus is robust for genetic research and forensic application.
Practical evaluation of NLOS/LOS parametric classification in UWB channels (2013)

Channel impulse responses, from both simulation and experimental measurement data, are examined and parameters like Kurtosis, Peak to Lead delay, Mean Excess delay and RMS delay spread are evaluated to classify channels as LOS or NLOS. The difference in dealing with experimental results compared to simulated data is investigated. While the Mean Excess delay and the RMS delay spread are found to be less effective in LOS/NLOS classification for the indoor scenarios of simulated data, they were efficient in providing classification information for experimental measurements taken indoors. On the basis of the carried investigation and the results obtained, a joint technique for channel classification is proposed. This method results in identification percentage which is 10% better than that obtained for some of the individual parameters.
The age and diversification of the angiosperms re‐revisited (2010)

With the exception of the age of the angiosperms themselves, these age estimates are generally younger than other recent molecular estimates and very close to dates inferred from the fossil record. We also provide dates for all major angiosperm clades (including 45 orders and 335 families [208 stem group age only, 127 both stem and crown group ages], sensu APG III). Our analyses provide a new comprehensive source of reference dates for major angiosperm clades that we hope will be of broad utility.
Electrochemistry at carbon nanotube forests: sidewalls and closed ends allow fast electron transfer (2012)

The electrochemical properties of the closed ends and sidewalls of pristine carbon nanotube forests are investigated directly using a nanopipet electrochemical cell. Both are shown to promote fast electron transfer, without any activation or processing of the carbon nanotube material required, in contrast to the current model in the literature.