gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Harrington Instrumentation Without Fusion for the Treatment of Scoliosis in Young Children (1992)

Sixteen children with neuromuscular scoliosis were treated by a subcutaneous (s.c.) Harrington rod without fusion. The rod was regularly changed up to the time of definite fusion. The average curvature at the time of the first operation measured 56°, and at last follow-up was 53°. The average intraoperative correction decreased from 25.3° to 8°. After age 8 years, the spine becomes stiffer, making correction more difficult and enhancing the effect of a crankshaft mechanism. We conclude that the first operation should be performed earlier, that the interval between operations should be shorter, and that a definite fusion should be performed earlier, probably at ∼8 years.
Rapid MIMO-OFDM Software Defined Radio System Prototyping (2004)

Combining MIMO with OFDM, it is possible to significantly reduce receiver complexity as OFDM greatly simplifies equalization at the receiver. MIMO-OFDM is currently being considered for a number of developing wireless standards; consequently, the study of MIMO-OFDM in realistic environments is of great importance. This paper describes an approach for prototyping a MIMO-OFDM systems using a flexible software defined radio (SDR) system architecture in conjunction with commercially available hardware. An emphasis on software permits a focus on algorithm and system design issues rather than implementation and hardware configuration. The penalty of this flexibility, however, is that the ease of use comes at the expense of overall throughput. To illustrate the benefits of the proposed architecture, applications to MIMO-OFDM system prototyping and preliminary MIMO channel measurements are presented. A detailed description of the hardware is provided along with downloadable software to reproduce the system.
Pseudo-randomly interleaved memory (1991)

article Free Access Share on Pseudo-randomly interleaved memory Author: B. Ramakrishna Rau Hewlett Packard Laboratories, 1501 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA Hewlett Packard Laboratories, 1501 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture NewsVolume 19Issue 3May 1991pp 74–83https://doi.org/10.1145/115953.115961Published:01 April 1991Publication History 81citation1,505DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations81Total Downloads1,505Last 12 Months328Last 6 weeks119 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Evaluation Of Machine Learning Tools For Distinguishing Fraud From Error (2013)

<p>Fraud and error are two underlying sources of misstated financial statements. Modern machine learning techniques provide a potential direction to distinguish the two factors in such statements. In this paper, a thorough evaluation is conducted evaluation on how the off-the-shelf machine learning tools perform for fraud/error classification. In particular, the task is treated as a standard binary classification problem; i.e., mapping from an input vector of financial indices to a class label which is either error or fraud. With a real dataset of financial restatements, this study empirically evaluates and analyzes five state-of-the-art classifiers, including logistic regression, artificial neural network, support vector machines, decision trees, and bagging. There are several important observations from the experimental results. First, it is observed that bagging performs the best among these commonly used general purpose machine learning tools. Second, the results show that the underlying relationship from the statement indices to the fraud/error decision is likely to be non-linear. Third, it is very challenging to distinguish error from fraud, and general machine learning approaches, though perform better than pure chance, leave much room for improvement. The results suggest that more advanced or task-specific solutions are needed for fraud/error classification.</p>
Scalably Scheduling Power-Heterogeneous Processors (2011)

We show that a natural online algorithm for scheduling jobs on a heterogeneous multiprocessor, with arbitrary power functions, is scalable for the objective function of weighted flow plus energy.
Digestibility of Fully-Hydrogenated Dietary Soybean Oil and Its Influence on Lipid Metabolism in Rats. (1994)

大豆油を完全水素添加してトリステアリンを主体とするトリグリセリドを調製した。調製された完全水素添加大豆油 (FH油) の消化吸収性および脂質代謝に及ぼす影響を調べた。AIN-76基本組成の標準飼料ならびにコレステロール0.5%, コール酸ナトリウム0.15%を含む高コレステロール飼料に大豆油20%および大豆油の19%をFH油で置換した飼料をラットに給餌し, 28日間飼育した。飼育終了後, 24時間絶食させて血清ならびに肝臓脂質を分析した。1) FH油を給餌したラットは大豆油に比して, 定義上の摂取エネルギーが同じにもかかわらず, 体重増加量, 飼料効率および脂肪の量が低かった。2) FH油の消化吸収性をトリグリセリドの分子種別に調べた結果, いずれの分子種も消化吸収率が著しく低かった。トリグリセリド中のステアリン酸の比率が増すにつれて, 消化吸収率が低くなり, トリステアリンが最も低い消化吸収率であった (0.1～0.2%)。3) FH油の消化吸収率を脂肪酸別に調べた結果, ステアリン酸の消化吸収率が最も低く, ついでパルミチン酸が低かった。FH油群は, 大豆油由来のオレイン酸およびリノール酸の吸収率も有意に低くなった。4) 糞中ステロールの分析結果より, FH油群は内因性コレステロールの排泄が増加し, 食餌性コレステロールの吸収も低くなった。また, FH油群は胆汁酸の総排泄量が増加したが, 糞中胆汁酸濃度はむしろ低下した。5) 肝臓脂質の分析結果より, FH油群の肝臓脂質量が低かった。とくに, 食餌性コレステロールの肝臓への蓄積率が著しく低かった。肝臓脂質中の脂肪酸分析の結果より, 飽和脂肪酸を主体とするFH油を摂取しても, そのほとんどが吸収されないことから, 飽和脂肪酸が多く蓄積することはなかった。6) 標準食下では, FH油群は血清トリグリセリドおよび総コレステロール濃度が低値を示した。高コレステロール食下では, FH油群の血清トリグリセリド濃度が低値を示したが, 血清コレステロール濃度は大豆油群のほうが低くなった。
Biological stimuli responsive drug carriers based on keratin for triggerable drug delivery (2012)

A novel drug carrier with dual triggerable release properties based on keratin graft poly(ethylene glycol) (keratin-g-PEG) copolymers is reported. Keratin-g-PEG copolymers with different graft densities are synthesized through thiol–ene click chemistry. Taking advantage of the amphiphilicity and the thiol groups of the graft copolymer, nanoparticles stabilized with PEG chains and keratin as the core, bearing glutathione (GSH) cleavable cross-links, are fabricated in aqueous solutions. The keratin-g-PEG copolymer nanoparticles can serve as excellent carriers for doxorubicin hydrochloride salt (DOX·HCl) with a highest loading capacity of 18.1% (w/w). The release of the loaded DOX is sensitive to the concentration of GSH, especially at a GSH concentration of cellular level. Trypsin can further trigger the release of the loaded DOX in the nanoparticles. In vitro cellular uptake experiments indicate that DOX released from the DOX-loaded keratin-g-PEG nanoparticles can be internalized into the cells efficiently, and the loaded DOX shows a faster release into the nuclei of the cells under higher GSH concentrations. The carriers have promising applications as drug carriers for intracellular drug delivery for cancer therapy.
High‐resolution analysis of genetic alterations in small bowel carcinoid tumors reveals areas of recurrent amplification and loss (2008)

Carcinoid tumors of the small intestine are characterized by an indolent clinical course, secretion of neuropeptides, and resistance to standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. To evaluate the molecular events underlying carcinoid tumorigenesis, we used high-resolution arrays of single nucleotide polymorphisms to study chromosomal gains and losses in 24 primary and metastatic small bowel carcinoid tumors derived from 18 patients. Regions of gain or loss comprising whole chromosomes or large chromosomal regions constituted the most common class of anomalies. Loss of all or most of chromosome 18 was the commonest finding, evident in 11 of the 18 cases. Heterozygosity was also lost on chromosome arms 9p and 16q. The amplitude of observed gains was modest in comparison to those reported in some other tumor types. One focal region of recurrent gain on 14q mapped to the locus of the gene encoding the antiapoptotic protein DAD1, and immunohistochemical staining confirmed DAD1 protein expression in tumor samples. This detailed study of an uncommon neoplasm provides a basis to investigate putative oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in intestinal carcinoid tumors.
Reed Solomon coded M-ary hyper phase-shift keying (2008)

Non-binary forward error correction (FEC) coding in conjunction with M-ary hyper phase-shift keying (MHPSK) is considered in order to improve the robustness of a satellite communications uplink. MHPSK is a spectrally efficient modulation technique that uses four orthonormal basis functions to increase the distance between different symbols in the signal space. Spectral efficiency and probability of bit error are two key figures of merit used to evaluate digital modulation techniques. The use of four orthonormal basis functions provides an advantage over traditional modulation techniques such as M-ary phase-shift keying (MPSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude keying (MQAM) that only possess two degrees of freedom. MHPSK offers an improvement in bit error performance over other spectrally efficient modulation techniques for the same average energy per bit-to-noise power spectral density ratio and similar spectral efficiency. As a result, MHPSK offers a novel way to improve both throughput and reduce power requirements using easy to generate waveforms. In this paper, Reed Solomon coded symbols are assumed to be transmitted with MHPSK. MHPSK, MPSK, and MQAM are compared in terms of probability of bit error and bandwidth efficiency, where the number of bits per coded symbol are typically designed to match the number of bits per channel symbol.
Hydrogen-Bonding-Directed Layer-by-Layer Films:  Effect of Electrostatic Interaction on the Microporous Morphology Variation (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteHydrogen-Bonding-Directed Layer-by-Layer Films: Effect of Electrostatic Interaction on the Microporous Morphology VariationShilong Bai, Zhiqiang Wang, Xi Zhang, and Bin WangView Author Information Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China, and Key Lab for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China Departments of Chemistry & Physics and Chemical Engineering, Lamar University, P.O. Box 10022, Beaumont, Texas 77710 Cite this: Langmuir 2004, 20, 26, 11828–11832Publication Date (Web):November 20, 2004Publication History Received13 August 2004Revised4 October 2004Published online20 November 2004Published inissue 1 December 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la047968jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la047968jbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views661Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Layer by layer deposition,Morphology,Polymer morphology,Solution chemistry,Thin films Get e-Alerts
<title>Chipless ID for paper documents</title> (2005)

The notion of assigning every piece of paper that passes through a printer a unique ID encoded either on the surface or in the substrate of the page, regardless of its intended use or perceived importance, could prove to be a breakthrough of magnitude comparable to the now ubiquitous concept of referencing a webpage through the use of its Universal Resource Locater (URL). We see many opportunities for using chipless ID in the world of everyday documents, but also many challenges. In this paper, we begin to explore the ways this new technology can be used to enable advanced document management functions, along with its implications for the ways in which people use documents.
Remote Monitoring of Leaks in Storage Tanks using Electrical Resistance Tomography: Application at the Hanford Site (2004)

A field experiment was performed to evaluate the performance of electrical resistance tomography (ERT) to detect leaks from metal underground storage tanks. The test was carried out under conditions simulating those expected during actual remediation of a single shell tank located at the U. S. Department of Energy Hanford Reservation, Washington. A system was developed for the experiment to allow remote operation during the entire test. Approximately 54,000liters of concentrated sodium thiosulfate (simulating tank waste) were episodically released from a steel tank in a blind test lasting 110days (no knowledge of the release episodes during the course of the test were provided). ERT data were collected using an array of point electrodes installed in boreholes around the tank. Each day during the test a leak or no-leak condition was declared based solely on analysis of the electrical data. The success rate of the declarations made during the test was only 57%, however, further analysis carried out at the end of the test resulted in a significant improvement of the success rate. The results suggest that ERT, used either with custom built electrode arrays or existing steel cased wells, can provide an effective means of monitoring remediation or long-term integrity of underground storage tanks.
Vaccination with a recombinant vaccinia vaccine containing the B7-1 co-stimulatory molecule causes no significant toxicity and enhances T cell-mediated cytotoxicity (2000)

B7-1 is a co-stimulatory molecule that provides a second signal for T-cell activation. Several studies have demonstrated that vaccination with a vector containing genes encoding B7-1 and an antigen appears to be efficacious at promoting immune responsiveness to the antigen. To evaluate the safety of such a protocol and determine the effect of the B7-1 vector on immune responsiveness, female C57BL/6 mice were administered Wyeth wild-type vaccinia virus (V-WT) or V-WT containing the gene for B7-1 (rV-B7-1) as a single s. c. injection or 3 monthly s.c. injections. Immunologic parameters were evaluated in half of the mice and general toxicity in the other half. Immunologic end points included determination of splenic lymphocyte phenotypes, mitogen-induced T- and B-cell proliferation, T-cell proliferation in response to alloantigens, cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC), natural killer cell activity and serum anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) titers. No significant signs of general toxicity were noted. The primary immunologic effect was an increase in the ability of spleen cells to lyse allogeneic targets and to proliferate in response to allogeneic stimulation. Numbers of splenic CD8(+) cells were also increased. These effects were more pronounced after 3 vaccinations than after a single vaccination. Minimal differences in ANA were observed between mice immunized with V-WT and rV-B7-1. In addition, no serum antibodies against B7-1 were detected in any mice. The data suggest that vaccination with rV-B7-1 augments CMC with minimal toxicity.
Studies on glucosaminidase. 4. The fluorimetric assay of <i>N</i>-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (1961)

Research Article| January 01 1961 Studies on glucosaminidase. 4. The fluorimetric assay of N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase* D. H. Leaback; D. H. Leaback 1Biochemistry Department, Institute of Orthopaedics, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. G. Walker P. G. Walker 1Biochemistry Department, Institute of Orthopaedics, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1961) 78 (1): 151–156. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0780151 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. H. Leaback, P. G. Walker; Studies on glucosaminidase. 4. The fluorimetric assay of N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase. Biochem J 1 January 1961; 78 (1): 151–156. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0780151 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search © 1961 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1961 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Trustable Task Processing Systems. (2008)

As personal assistant software matures and assumes more autonomous control of user activities, it becomes more critical that this software can tell the user why it is doing what it is doing, and instill trust in the user that its task knowledge reflects standard practice and is being appropriately applied. Our research focuses broadly on providing infrastructure that may be used to increase trust in intelligent agents. In this paper, we will report on a study we designed to identify factors that influence trust in intelligent adaptive agents. We will then introduce our work on explaining adaptive task processing agents as motivated by the results of the trust study. We will introduce our task execution explanation component and provide examples in the context of a particular adaptive agent named CALO. Key features include (1) an architecture designed for re-use among different task execution systems; (2) a set of introspective predicates and a software wrapper that extracts explanation-relevant information from a task execution system; (3) a version of the Inference Web explainer for generating formal justifications of task processing and converting them to user-friendly explanations; and (4) a unified framework for explaining results from task execution, learning, and deductive reasoning.
Ultrafast charge transfer coupled with lattice phonons in two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2019)

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a promising light-harvesting module for artificial photosynthesis and photovoltaics. For efficient generation of free charge carriers, the donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugation has been adopted for two-dimensional (2D) COFs recently. In the 2D D-A COFs, photoexcitation would generate a polaron pair, which is a precursor to free charge carriers and has lower binding energy than an exciton. Although the character of the primary excitation species is a key factor in determining optoelectronic properties of a material, excited-state dynamics leading to the creation of a polaron pair have not been investigated yet. Here, we investigate the dynamics of photogenerated charge carriers in 2D D-A COFs by combining femtosecond optical spectroscopy and non-adiabatic molecular dynamics simulation. From this investigation, we elucidate that the polaron pair is formed through ultrafast intra-layer hole transfer coupled with coherent vibrations of the 2D lattice, suggesting a mechanism of phonon-assisted charge transfer.
Synthetic Antibiotic Peptides Database (2002)

A computerized database for synthetic antibiotic peptides, the SAPD, has been created and is available on the Internet at web address, http://oma.terkko.helsinki.fi:8080/~SAPD. The SAPD is modelled on two pre-existing computer databases for naturally occurring peptide antibiotics, the Antimicrobial Sequences Database and the Peptaibol Database, and it will contain both chemical and biological information on all published synthetic antibiotic peptides.
Unstable resonator cavity semiconductor lasers (1985)

GaAs heterostructure lasers with unstable resonator cavities were demonstrated for the first time with both curved mirrors fabricated by etching. Typical output powers of 0.35 W were observed in a stable, highly coherent lateral mode. The laser operated stably in a single longitudinal mode over a large range of injection currents. The external quantum efficiency was 70% of that of a similar laser with both mirror facets cleaved implying good output coupling of the energy from the entire region.
Secretion of bioactive human insulin following plasmid-mediated gene transfer to non-neuroendocrine cell lines, primary cultures and rat skeletal muscle in vivo (2002)

The objective of these studies was to evaluate human insulin gene expression following intramuscular plasmid injection in non-diabetic rats as a potential approach to gene therapy for diabetes mellitus avoiding the need for immunosuppression. A wild-type human preproinsulin construct and a mutant construct in which PC2/PC3 sites were engineered to form furin consensus sites were evaluated in in vitro transfections of hepatocyte (HepG2) and myoblast (C2C12/L6) cell lines, primary rat myoblasts, and dermal fibroblasts. In vivo gene transfer by percutaneous plasmid injection of soleus muscle +/- prior notexin-induced myolysis was assessed in rats. In vitro transfection of non-neuroendocrine cell lines and primary cultures with wild-type human preproinsulin resulted in secretion of predominantly unprocessed proinsulin. Employing the mutant construct, there was significant processing to mature insulin (HepG2, 95%; C2C12, 75%; L6, 65%; primary myoblasts, 48%; neonatal fibroblasts, 56%; adult fibroblasts, 87%). In rats aged 5 weeks, circulating human (pro)insulin was detected from 1 to 37 days following plasmid injection and the potential of augmenting transfection efficiency by prior notexin injection was demonstrated (wild-type processing, 87%; mutant, 90%). Relative hypoglycaemia was confirmed by HbA1C (saline, 5.5%; wild type, 5.1%; mutant, 5.1% (P<0.05)). Human (pro)insulin levels and processing (wild-type, 8%; mutant, 53%) were lower in rats aged 9 months but relative hypoglycaemia was confirmed by serum glucose at 10 days (saline, 6.4 mmol/l; wild-type, 6.0 mmol/l; mutant, 5.4 mmol/l). In conclusion, prolonged constitutive systemic secretion of bioactive human (pro)insulin has been attained in non-neuroendocrine cells in vitro and in growing and mature rats following intramuscular plasmid injection.
The Human Immunoglobulin Genes (1983)

Conference Article| April 01 1983 The Human Immunoglobulin Genes T.H. RABBITTS T.H. RABBITTS 1Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Medical Research Council Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1983) 11 (2): 119–126. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110119 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation T.H. RABBITTS; The Human Immunoglobulin Genes. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1983; 11 (2): 119–126. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110119 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1983 Biochemical Society1983 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.