gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Digital Twin: Demonstrating the Potential of Real Time Data Acquisition in Production Systems (2017)

The acquisition of data and the development of different options in production system and factory planning requires up to 2/3rds of the total needed time resources. The digitization of production systems offers the possibility of automated data acquisition. Nevertheless, approaches concerning fully automated data acquisition systems are not widely spread among SME (small and medium sized enterprises). On the one hand, this is caused by the heterogeneous databases, on the other hand by insufficient data processing systems. Furthermore, the advantages of The Digital Twin are not sufficiently known due to the lack of competence in SME concerning matters of Industry 4.0. In order to transfer knowledge about the benefits of digitalization, the development of demonstrating platforms is crucial. This paper introduces a learning factory based concept to demonstrate the potentials and advantages of real time data acquisition and subsequent simulation based data processing. There fore, an existing learning factory will be upgraded regarding both, multi-modal data acquisition technologies as well as a locally independent optimization environment. Thereby the requirements of SME concerning flexible, easy to use, scalable and service oriented digitization applications are met. The approach is part of a concept for the realization of a Cyber Physical Production System (CPPS) in SME that ensures the development of an image of the production with the aid of a multi-modal data acquisition.
Design of compression shrink-fit ceramic—steel wear ring assembly for chemical mechanical planarization (2000)

Ceramic–metal joining techniques have traditionally been concerned with topics such as interfacial reactions between glass/ceramic, wetting, graded seals, active metal braze reactions, residual tensile stresses, atom migration, temperature and atmospheric effects, etc. These reactions are complex and require substantial trial and error and analytical techniques to develop the proper interfaces for reliable bonding. In contrast, we have developed a simple shrink-fit ceramic/metal join for use as a new ceramic wafer retaining ring in chemical mechanical planarization. The join relies on thermal coefficient of expansion mismatch between the metal and the ceramic. The join requires no other materials such as braze or metallization and can be performed with one heating cycle in a low temperature oven. In addition, the join is reversible with reheating. This article details design considerations for developing this bond. In addition, stress analysis results using finite element analysis are presented and discussed.
Detection of UAVs using the MIMO radar MIRA-CLE Ka (2016)

S.731-734
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF HYPERICIN AND RELATED MESO‐NAPHTHODIANTHRONES BY ALKALINE DIMERIZATION OF HYDROXYANTHRAQUINONES (1977)

Abstract Durch Erhitzen von Emodin (Ia) mit einem 1,5:2,5‐Gemisch (Moläquivalente) aus Hydrochinon und K‐tert.‐butylat unter N 2 im Einschlußrohr und anschließende Aufarbeitung am Tageslicht bildet sich Hypericin (IIa) ‐ der photodynamische Wirkstoff von Hypericum perforatum ‐ und nicht, wie früher angenommen wurde, Isohypericin.
Design and implementation of a prototype home media system for an IP-based settop box (2004)

This thesis covers design and implementation of a media system solution for home networks with personal computers and a set-top box. In a home there are effectively two independent media systems with the same purpose: the personal computer and the digital set-top box, with the purpose of delivering digital media in form of audio and video to the consumer. The goal of the thesis work was to implement a solution that bridges the gap between the two systems, so that the user, from the set-top box, can play back media that is actually stored on one or several personal computers. Our solution is based on UPnP technology, which is used for service discovery and control. The choice of UPnP is motivated by an evaluation of discovery protocols, which concludes that UPnP is the most suitable technology in this particular system. Also, an evaluation of suitable transport protocols was done. Here,HTTP was used. For the personal computer, a media server and a graphical user interface for configuring the media server were created. For the set-top box, a media client, and a graphical user interface for browsing the content of the media server, were created. In conclusion, the creation of the prototype was successful and the set-top box was able to playback media that had been shared by the PC on the network.
Discovery and Biophysical Characterization of 2-Amino-oxadiazoles as Novel Antagonists of PqsR, an Important Regulator of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence (2013)

The human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa employs alkyl quinolones for cell-to-cell communication. The Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) regulates various virulence factors via interaction with the transcriptional regulator PqsR. Therefore, we consider the development of PqsR antagonists a novel strategy to limit the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa. A fragment identification approach using surface plasmon resonance screening led to the discovery of chemically diverse PqsR ligands. The optimization of the most promising hit (5) resulted in the oxadiazole-2-amine 37 showing pure antagonistic activity in Escherichia coli (EC50 = 7.5 μM) and P. aeruginosa (EC50 = 38.5 μM) reporter gene assays. 37 was able to diminish the production of the PQS precursor HHQ in a PqsH-deficient P. aeruginosa mutant. The level of the major virulence factor pyocyanin was significantly reduced in wild-type P. aeruginosa. In addition, site-directed mutagenesis in combination with isothermal titration calorimetry and NMR INPHARMA experiments revealed that the identified ligands bind to the same site of PqsR by adopting different binding modes. These findings will be utilized in a future fragment-growing approach aiming at novel therapeutic options for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
Statistical reliability prediction (2002)

An analysis technique is presented which allows the construction of a statistical model of device lifetime given data obtained from traditional reliability life testing. Unlike techniques presently used, this method does not require that each life test be completed to a high percentage failure, produces a model whose accuracy is quantifiable, and can predict expected times to failure at percentages other than 50%. Confidence and prediction intervals can be calculated around all model parameters (such as activation energy), all performance parameters (such as estimated median time to failure, MTF), and individual performance predictions (estimated times-to-failure, TTF). This procedure is demonstrated using the electromigration failure mechanism, but can be applied to any failure model.
Early reattachment does not reverse atrophy and fat accumulation of the supraspinatus—an experimental study in rabbits (2003)

In the rabbit, reattachment of the SSP at 6 weeks did neither reverse muscle atrophy nor fat accumulation during the ensuing 6 weeks. However, earlier reattachment (6 weeks) when compared with later reattachment (12 weeks) prevented an increase in fat accumulation. On the other hand, the delay before reattaching the tendon did not lead to an increase in muscle atrophy.
Storage of whole blood before separation: the effect of temperature on red cell 2,3 DPG and the accumulation of  lactate (1999)

With current anticoagulants, storage of whole blood at temperatures of 25 to 30 degrees C before separation causes a great and rapid loss of 2,3 DPG and an accumulation of acid metabolites. In a hold of blood for >4 hours, rapid cooling is desirable to avoid initial loss of 2,3 DPG.
A unified approach to hysteretic and ramp-comparison current controllers (2002)

Sliding mode controller theory is used to develop a unified perspective on the operation of hysteretic controllers (HCs) and ramp-comparison controllers (RCCs). It is shown that additional insight into the operation and tracking ability of the conventional controllers is possible by treating them as special cases of the sliding mode based controller (SMBC) and applying sliding mode control theory. This is accomplished by resisting the HC and the RCC in terms of their operation inside and outside a boundary layer. In particular, it was shown that, with the proper choice of parameters, the SMBC and the RCC differ solely in their region of nominal operation. Whereas the RCC is typically operated within its boundary layer (linear region), the SMBC is designed for operation both inside (linear region) and outside (switched region) its boundary layer. A SMBC was developed with a performance that is superior to the conventional HC and RCC controllers. The transition between nonlinear and linear control is handled quite naturally by the SMBC. The current controller analysis is performed on a DC motor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ARRY-520, a KSP inhibitor with efficacy and pharmacodynamic activity in animal models of solid tumors (2007)

1433 Kinesins are eukaryotic microtubule-associated motor proteins. One of these, kinesin spindle protein (KSP) is a mitotic-specific kinesin that plays a key role in spindle pole separation and production of the bipolar spindle, as well as centrosome separation and maturation. As KSP is expressed predominately in proliferating cells and is absent from postmitotic neurons, inhibition of KSP has the potential to provide the antitumor activity of a mitotic inhibitor while avoiding peripheral neuropathy. ARRY-520 is a member of a series of KSP inhibitors discovered and optimized by structure-based design. It is a potent inhibitor of human KSP (IC50 6 nM) and a potent inducer of cellular phosphorylation of histone H3 (pHH3, a pharmacodynamic marker for accumulation of cells in mitosis), with in vitro antiproliferative IC50s ranging from subnanomolar to single digit nanomolar across a variety of human and rodent tumor cell lines. We report here the characterization of the in vivo efficacy of this compound. At its maximally tolerated dose (MTD) in mice of 25 - 30 mg/kg IP on a q4dx3 schedule, ARRY-520 caused tumor regressions, with some complete responses and cures, in several subcutaneous mouse xenograft models: HT-29 (colon), HCT-116 (colon), A2780 (ovarian), HL-60 (acute promyelocytic leukemia) and K-562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia). In the HT-29, HCT-116 and A2780 models, the antitumor efficacy of ARRY-520 was greater than that of paclitaxel. ARRY-520 had modest efficacy against subcutaneous HCT-15 xenografts (resistant to paclitaxel due to overexpression of p-glycoprotein), but the efficacy was greater than that of paclitaxel. Efficacy was greater than that of vincristine in the K562 model. ARRY-520 also had a potent pharmacodynamic effect in vivo. After a single IP dose of the compound at its MTD in nude mice bearing subcutaneous HT-29 xenografts, tumor pHH3 remained elevated for 4 days, indicating that the pharmacodynamic effect of the drug could be maintained for the duration of the dosing interval on the q4dx3 schedule. Quantitation of monopolar spindles in tumor sections from xenograft studies also demonstrated the duration of the pharmacodynamic effect. The molecule possess desirable drug-like properties, including high aqueous solubility (> 4 mg/ml at physiological pH), low CYP inhibition (> 25uM for 3A4, 2C9, 1A2, 2D6, and 2C19), and pharmacokinetics favorable for an IV-infused targeted chemotherapeutic. Owing to this combination of excellent in vivo efficacy and good properties, ARRY-520 has been selected for clinical development.
MULTIBAND FREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE 4G HANDSET ANTENNA WITH MIMO CAPABILITY (2014)

A novel frequency reconfigurable 4G Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) handset antenna is presented and verified with experimental results. Frequency tuning is used to minimize the antenna volume and to compensate for the losses related to user-originated impedance detuning. Both antenna elements are independently frequency reconfigurable and can cover most of the LTE-A bands. The study compares the losses of CMOS-and MEMS-based digitally tunable capacitors (DTC). In addition, two prototypes with total antenna volumes of 1170 and 3900 mm 3 have been studied. The results show that the larger antenna structure operates with an efficiency better than 49% across the frequencies of 698-960 MHz and better than 56% across the frequencies of 1430-2690 MHz, when a MEMS-based DTC is used. In addition, a new method is introduced to estimate the suitability of the antenna geometry for frequency tunable antennas.
Adenoviruses for treatment of cancer (2005)

Most cases of cancer, when detected at an advanced stage, cannot be cured with conventional therapeutic modalities. Therefore, novel targeted approaches such as gene therapy are needed. Nevertheless, while the safety record of gene therapy for cancer has been excellent with more than a thousand patients treated without mortality related to the therapy, clinical efficacy has so far been limited. Moreover, it has become evident that clinical efficacy is partly determined by efficacy of gene delivery. Most adenoviruses used for gene therapy have been based on serotype 5 (Ad5). Unfortunately, recent data suggest that the primary receptor, the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression in tumors may be highly variable resulting in resistance to adenovirus infection. Consequently, various strategies have been evaluated to modify adenovirus tropism in order to circumvent CAR deficiency, including retargeting complexes or genetic capsid modifications. To further improve tumor penetration and local amplification of the anti-tumor effect, selectively oncolytic agents, e.g. conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds), have been constructed. Infection of tumor cells results in replication, oncolysis, and subsequent release of the virus progeny. Normal tissue is spared due to lack of replication. This review will focus on a discussion of various modifications of adenovirus to achieve efficient anti-tumor effect, and special emphasis will be placed on CRAds in multimodality treatments.
Effects of buffer layer structure on polysilicon buffer LOCOS for the isolation of submicron silicon devices (1998)

The effects of a buffer layer structure on polysilicon buffered LOCOS were shown and analyzed. Sample wafers are classified into four groups to show the effect of the buffer layer structure. The structures of the four different buffer layers are monolayer polysilicon (typical), monolayer amorphous silicon (/spl alpha/-Si), double layer /spl alpha/-Si, and triple layer /spl alpha/-Si. Total buffer layer thickness of each structure is 60 nm. Structural analysis of the resultant samples was performed by using SEM, TEM, and SIMS. Sample with typical buffer structure shows not only rough surface morphology of bird's beak region but microtrenchings. By adopting the triple layer /spl alpha/-Si buffer structure (20 nm/20 nm/20 nm), we obtained smooth edge morphology and no microtrenchings. Leakage current of n/sup +/-p junction diode and gate oxide breakdown voltage of each sample were measured to check the effect of the buffer structure on PBL. Sample with the triple layer /spl alpha/-Si buffer structure shows the lowest junction leakage and the best gate oxide breakdown voltage characteristics. The electrical characteristics of the samples were consistent with the structural results.
Investigation on Fabrication of Nanoscale Patterns Using Laser Interference Lithography (2011)

Nanoscale patterns are fabricated by laser interference lithography (LIL) using Lloyd's mirror interferometer. LIL provides a patterning technology with simple, quick process over a large area without the usage of a mask. Effects of various key parameters for LIL, with 257 nm wavelength laser, are investigated, such as the exposure dosage, the half angle of two incident beams at the intersection, and the power of the light source for generating one or two dimensional (line and dot) nanoscale structures. The uniform dot patterns over an area of 20 mm x 20 mm with the half pitch sizes of around 190, 250, and 370 nm are achieved and by increasing the beam power up to 0.600 mW/cm2, the exposure process time was reduced down to 12/12 sec for the positive photoresist DHK-BF424 (DongJin) over a bare silicon substrate. In addition, bottom anti-reflective coating (DUV-30J, Brewer Science) is applied to confirm improvements for line structures. The advantages and limitations of LIL are highlighted for generating nanoscale patterns.
New placental proteins and their potential diagnostic significance as tumour markers. (1981)

Five new soluble placental tissue proteins (PP8, PP9,, PP10, PP11 and PP12) have been isolated, purified and characterized. PP, has the electrophoretic mobility of a beta 1-globulin; the other 4 proteins are alpha 1-globulins. The molecular weights of these proteins range from 25 000--65 000 daltons. They all are glycoproteins with carbohydrate contents ranging from 3.9--6.6%. The amino acid compositions of these proteins also have been determined. PP8 and PP, are ubiquitous tissue proteins in that they occur in relatively high concentrations in almost all human tissues examined. PP10, PP11 and PP12 could not be detected in extracts of other human tissues and, therefore, were supposed to be specific to the placenta. PP10--12 was shown to be present in tumour tissues by an immunoglobulin enzyme bridge (PAP) technique. The results suggest that these proteins may be useful as markers in oncology.
Waveguide integrated silicon avalanche photodetectors (2013)

We have fabricated silicon avalanche photodetectors integrated with silicon-on-insulator straight waveguides as well as ring resonator structures. The photodetectors comprise a p-i-n junction, with photogeneration mediated by the presence of deep-levels. For a 400 μm straight waveguide detector we measure a responsivity of 4.4 A/W at 40 V, and an avalanche multiplication gain of 640. The detectors incorporated with a ring resonator, offer a high sensitivity, wavelength selective detector option suitable for very low power applications, with a responsivity of 20 A/W at 30 V.
Alfred William Alcock, 1859 - 1933 (1933)

Abstract Alfred William Alcock was born at Bombay on June 23, 1859. He was the son of Capt. John Alcock, who, after a lifetime at sea in sailing ships, retired and lived at Blackheath. His mother was a daughter of one Christopher Puddicombe, the only son of a Devon squire, who had run away to sea in his boyhood. Alcock was educated at Mill Hill School, at Blackheath Proprietary School and at Westminster School. He had only been at Westminster for a year when, in 1876, financial losses forced his father to take him from school and to send him to India, to the Wynaad district in Malabar, where some relatives were engaged in coffee-planting. We have no particulars of Alcock’s school career, but the boy of 17 who took with him to the jungles of Malabar “ my Horace and my Homer, along with my Canterbury Tales and my Golden Treasury ” cannot have been an idle or reluctant pupil.
PRAP, a Prolactin Receptor Associated Protein: Its Gene Expression and Regulation in the Corpus Luteum (1997)

We have recently identified, characterized, and cloned a luteal microsomal 32-kDa phosphoprotein that we named PRAP (for PRLreceptor associated protein), and we have demonstrated that PRAP binds to the intracellular domain of the short but not the long form of the PRL receptor.In this study, we used PRAP cDNA to examine the tissue specificity, the developmental expression, and the hormonal regulation of PRAP gene expression.Northern blot analysis revealed that in the corpus luteum, PRAP cDNA hybridized to multiple transcripts (5.5 kb, 4.3 kb, and 1.8 kb), with the smallest transcript (1.8 kb) corresponding to the size of the cDNA clone.However, none of these transcripts were detected in any other tissues examined.PRAP appears to be tightly regulated by steroids and PRL.When pregnant rats were treated with aminoglutethimide, a steroid synthesis inhibitor, all three PRAP transcripts became barely detectable.Similar results were obtained when all luteotropic support was removed by hypophysectomy and hysterectomy.Estradiol up-regulated Animal modelsPregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were purchased from Sasco Animal Laboratory (Oregon, WI).The day that sperm was found in the vagina
Cloning and expression of the phospholipase D gene from Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in Escherichia coli (1990)

A toxic phospholipase D (PLD) is putatively involved in pathogenesis of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infections. We report here the cloning and expression of the PLD gene (pld) in Escherichia coli. A cosmid library of DNA from C. pseudotuberculosis biovar ovis isolate Whetten 1 was constructed and screened for PLD-producing recombinants by plating them on LB agar containing sheep erythrocytes and equi factors. One recombinant, designated pCpO1, yielded a gene product which displayed synergistic hemolytic and sphingomyelinase D activities, both of which are characteristic of PLD. Subcloning into pUC19 yielded a recombinant, pCpO50, which contained a 1.8-kilobase insert. Analysis of supernatant fluids and cell extracts of cultures of E. coli(pCpO50) revealed sphingomyelinase activity and a protein of about 31,000 Mr, neither of which were detected in E. coli(pUC19). The 31-kilodalton protein also reacted with antibodies in serum from a sheep naturally infected with C. pseudotuberculosis, serum which also contained PLD-neutralizing antibodies. When Southern blots of BamHI digests of DNA from biovar ovis and biovar equi isolates of C. pseudotuberculosis were probed with pCpO50, bands of 4.8 and 1.9 kilobases, respectively, were seen, suggesting that the genome organization of pld is different for isolates from the two biovars.
A high-speed retro-reflector for free-space communication based on electro-optic phase modulation (2003)

We have demonstrated that an electro-optic phase modulator (EOM) can be used as a constituent of a corner-cube based modulated high-speed retro-reflector. We have performed experiments to investigate the efficiency of phase modulation produced by an EOM as a function of the angle of a laser beam incident on it. Our experiments demonstrate that the field of view of the EOM is determined by its dimensions and the diameter of the laser beam. This suggests that the device may be suitable for applications involving high-speed (GHz), free space communication. In these applications, the retro-reflector can be mounted on a moving platform such as a satellite. We find that it is possible to detect the retro-reflected signal with adequate signal-to-noise ratio using heterodyne detection. We also discuss some practical considerations necessary for the implementation of such a device.
Convergence analysis of an oversampled subband adaptive filtering structure using global error (2002)

Subband adaptive filtering has been studied by a large number of researchers. The main alternatives are structures with critical sampling and noncritical sampling, that use local errors or global error in the adaptation algorithm. In this paper a theoretical convergence analysis of an oversampled subband adaptive filtering structure with global error is presented. The convergence rate of the adaptation algorithm can be estimated from the results of this analysis. Computer simulations are presented to illustrate the convergence behavior of the subband adaptive algorithm and to verify the theoretical results.