gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Removal of the Zero Order in Optical Fourier Transformers (1971)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. B. Felstead, "Removal of the Zero Order in Optical Fourier Transformers," Appl. Opt. 10, 1185-1187 (1971) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A NEAR-OPTIMUM RECEIVER STRUCTURE FOR THE DETECTION OF M-ARY OPTICAL PPM SIGNALS (1982)

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / September 28-30, 1982 / Sheraton Harbor Island Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California
Mass spectrometry of oligosaccharides (2004)

Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification to cell surface and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins as well as to lipids. As a result, cells carry a dense coat of carbohydrates on their surfaces that mediates a wide variety of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that are crucial to development and function. Because of the historical difficulties with the analysis of complex carbohydrate structures, a detailed understanding of their roles in biology has been slow to develop. Just as mass spectrometry has proven to be the core technology behind proteomics, it stands to play a similar role in the study of functional implications of carbohydrate expression, known as glycomics. This review summarizes the state of knowledge for the mass spectrometric analysis of oligosaccharides with regard to neutral, sialylated, and sulfated compound classes. Mass spectrometric techniques for the ionization and fragmentation of oligosaccharides are discussed so as to give the reader the background to make informed decisions to solve structure-activity relations in glycomics.
Soft caching: image caching in a rate-distortion framework (2002)

This paper presents a novel approach to image caching for image databases, Web browsers, proxies and other similar applications. Current caches employ a hard strategy: either the image is stored in the cache, or it is not. In a soft cache, a variable amount of memory is assigned to each image. This is ideally matched to progressive image file formats. Our strategy for optimal soft caching considers the image download delay as a distortion measure. Then the minimization of the expected delay can be carried out in an operational rate-distortion framework. We present optimal theoretical solutions as well as simulation results.
Surgical applications of lasers (1982)

Because of an ability to coagulate, ablate, or vaporize tissue, argon, CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> , and Nd:YAG lasers have been employed extensively in surgery. The capability of transmitting argon and neodymium YAG energy through a flexible fiber which may be inserted in a fiberoptic instrument allows the application of the laser in a number of anatomic areas without the need for an incision. Extensive application has been made in utilizing laser techniques in treating lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, skin, central nervous system, bladder and urethra, spine, joints, ear, nose and throat, and in general surgery to provide control of bleeding. Surgical advances in the application of lasers would be assisted by engineering developments such as a tuneable laser, a flexible carbon dioxide transmission fiber, miniaturization, reduction in cost, improvement in cooling systems, and portability of the laser surgical instrument.
Test Image Design Guidelines for Color Quality Evaluation (1999)

The design or selection of test images are important aspects of the color quality evaluation process. Images may be used to assess process performance, evaluate process consistency and to provide process feedback information. They may have analytical or pictorial structures. Images for process optimization or subjective quality assessment, however, have certain drawbacks when used for color reproduction quality research. Color Mondrian or “quasi-Mondrian” images used in conjunction with related pictorial subjects are suggested options for color quality research purposes. General guidelines for test image selection, design and evaluation are presented.
Geometrical Factors in Enhanced Photoyield from Small Metal Particles (1986)

A model in which photoexcited electrons in small metal particles are scattered elastically from the boundaries and travel inelastically within is included in a free-electron theory which successfully explains the enhanced photoelectric quantum yield of these systems relative to macroscopic metal surfaces. Application of the theory to the Ag-O-Cs photoemitter where elastic scattering dominates, and to Ag aerosols, where optical-thickness and energy-threshold differences between particles of different diameters dominate, gives good results with experiment.
Antitumor and neurotoxic effects of novel harmine derivatives and structure‐activity relationship analysis (2004)

Beta-carboline alkaloids such as harmine are present in medicinal plants such as Peganum harmala that have been used as folk medicine in anticancer therapy. In our study, 9 harmine derivatives (including harmine) were investigated for their antitumor effects and acute toxicities in mice, and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) was also analyzed. Administration of these compounds resulted in tumor inhibition rates of 15.3-49.5% in mice bearing Lewis Lung Cancer, sarcoma180 or HepA tumor, with the highest value of 49.5% from compound 6. Acute toxicity studies showed that all these compounds except compounds 2 and 5 caused remarkable acute neurotoxicities manifested by tremble, twitch and jumping. SAR analysis indicated that the formate substitution at R3 of the tricyclic skeleton reduced their neurotoxicity, while the short alkyl or aryl substitution at R9 increased the antitumor activity. The harmine and its derivatives resulted in in vitro cytotoxicity (IC50) values of 0.011-0.021 micromol/ml in HepG2 cells, with compound 8 being the most potent among all agents tested. Compounds 1, 6, 7 and 8 induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells, with the highest apoptotic rate (55.34%) from compound 6. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that compound 6 completely inhibited the expression of Bcl-2 gene, and compounds 1 and 8 produced a significant inhibition by 40 and 60%, respectively, compared to the control, while compound 7 did not alter the level of Bcl-2. Compounds 1, 6, 7 and 8 upregulated the expression of death receptor Fas by approximately 50-120%. All these findings indicate that compounds with both substitutions at R3 and R9 (such as compound 5) have high antitumor activity and low toxicity, which might be chosen as lead molecules for further development. Further studies on the effects of harmine derivatives on key regulators for tumor cell apoptosis are needed.
Synthesis of specifically nitrogen-15- and carbon-13-labeled antitumor (2-haloethyl)nitrosoureas. The study of their conformations in solution by nitrogen-15 and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance electronic control in their aqueous decomposition (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of specifically nitrogen-15- and carbon-13-labeled antitumor (2-haloethyl)nitrosoureas. The study of their conformations in solution by nitrogen-15 and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance electronic control in their aqueous decompositionJ. William Lown and Shive M. S. ChauhanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 26, 5309–5321Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00339a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00339a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1046Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Bio-inspired cybersecurity for wireless sensor networks (2016)

Rapid advances in information and communication technologies have led to the emergence of cyber-physical systems (CPSs). Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a pivotal role in CPSs, particularly for operations such as surveillance and monitoring. However, these WSNs are subject to various types of cyberattacks that can cause damage, theft, or destruction of sensitive data, in addition to disruption of services provided by CPSs. To strengthen cybersecurity in WSN-enabled CPSs, various researchers have proposed a new category of efficient algorithms, inspired by biological phenomena. We present a careful review of different bio-inspired techniques developed for improving cybersecurity of CPSs using WSNs. Additionally, we propose a generic bio-inspired model called Swarm Intelligence for WSN Cybersecurity (SIWC) that addresses drawbacks of prior bio-inspired approaches.
Silicon–Organic and Plasmonic–Organic Hybrid Photonics (2017)

Chip-scale integration of electronics and photonics is recognized as important to the future of information technology, as is the exploitation of the best properties of electronics, photonics, and plasmonics to achieve this objective. However, significant challenges exist including matching the sizes of electronic and photonic circuits; achieving low-loss transition between electronics, photonics, and plasmonics; and developing and integrating new materials. This review focuses on a hybrid material approach illustrating the importance of both chemical and engineering concepts. Silicon–organic hybrid (SOH) and plasmonic–organic hybrid (POH) technologies have permitted dramatic improvements in electro-optic (EO) performance relevant to both digital and analog signal processing. For example, the voltage–length product of devices has been reduced to less than 40 Vμm, facilitating device footprints of <20 μm2 operating with digital voltage levels to frequencies above 170 GHz. Energy efficiency has been improved to around a femtojoule/bit. This improvement has been realized through exploitation of field enhancements permitted by new device architectures and through theory-guided improvements in organic electro-optic (OEO) materials. Multiscale theory efforts have permitted quantitative simulation of the dependence of OEO activity on chromophore structure and associated intermolecular interactions. This has led to new classes of OEO materials, including materials of reduced dimensionality and neat (pure) chromophore materials that can be electrically poled. Theoretical simulations have helped elucidate the observed dependence of device performance on nanoscopic waveguide dimensions, reflecting the importance of material interfaces. The demonstration and explanation of the dependence of in-device electro-optic activity, voltage–length product, and optical insertion loss on device architecture (e.g., slot width) suggest new paradigms for further dramatic improvement of performance.
Application of modem synthesis to aircraft control: Three case studies (1986)

The role of feedback control in the solution of aircraft stability and control problems is discussed. It is argued that this role is becoming more and more important and is a key to meeting performance objectives for new aircraft. As a consequence, the control engineer must develop control laws for applications with many, sometimes conflicting, control objectives and stringent safely requirements. In the past, predominantly classical synthesis techniques have been used in industry to develop control laws for aircraft. However, the so-called modern synthesis techniques that are claimed to improve quality and reduce development cost are having increased practical use in industry. Modern synthesis techniques thai offer significant promise of practical applications are discussed briefly, and three case studies of their application to aircraft control problems are presented. The first example involves the redesign of an autopilot control law to improve stability and reduce sensitivity to plant parameter variations. A much improved control law was developed, flight tested, and implemented in the autopilot of the Boeing 767 commercial transport airplane. The second and third examples address the development of control laws for aircraft that rely extensively on feedback control to furnish satisfactory stability and control characteristics. These two applications are typical of the next generation of transport aircraft that will rely extensively on feedback control to improve fuel efficiency. The control laws gave the airplane flight characteristics that are Superior to those of current airplanes. The solutions presented could have been obtained using classical synthesis techniques. However, the modern approach reduced the number of design iterations required and appeared to produce belier control laws for a given level of practical experience of the control engineer. In our opinion, this approach to control law synthesis will play an increasingly important role in control design for present and future aircraft. Implemented in a user-friendly engineering workstation environment, these techniques offer improvement in quality and reduction in development cost, and for some applications, particularly to future high-performance aircraft, only the modern multiloop synthesis techniques will offer practical and cost-effective solutions.
Conservation of the Epothilone-Biosynthetic Genes in Sorangium cellulosum Strains (2011)

The epothilone biosynthetic gene cluster (epoA~F, epoK) of Sorangium cellulosum KYC3013, an epothilone producing myxobacterium isolated in Korea, was cloned. When the amino acid sequences of the encoded proteins were compared with those from S. cellulosum SMP44, S. cellulosum So ce90, and S. cellulosum So0157-2, which were isolated in other continents or country, the proteins from different strains were 97.4-99.8% identical each other. This suggested that the epothilone- biosynthetic gene clusters are well conserved in S. cellulosum strains.Keywords: Sorangium cellulosum, epothilone, epothilone biosynthetic gene, myxobacteria
Porphyrin Loading of Lipofuscin Granules in Inflamed Striated Muscle (1998)

To further the understanding of oxidative effects on inflammation injury to muscle fiber structure, fluorescent imaging analysis of human striated muscle tissues from a variety of inflammatory or postinflammatory etiologies was undertaken in a search for accumulated coproporphyrin, a red autofluorescent byproduct of heme biosynthesis that would theoretically be formed under oxidative insult. Using a differential excitation method of in situ analysis, porphyrin autofluorescence was detected in intact fibers within the context of the yellow autofluorescent subsarcolemmal lipofuscin granules. Relative measurements of porphyrin concentration in the granules from different patients indicated that the acute/subacute inflammatory specimens grouped significantly higher than the more chronic inflammatory and nonpathological specimens. Myoglobin was also found to be associated with the granules. Myoglobin heme iron could potentially serve as a Fenton reagent for the intracellular generation of hydroxyl radicals, which are responsible for the oxidation of the porphyrinogens. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of extracted dense particles revealed coproporphyrin as the sole porphyrin present. The observation of coproporphyrin within lipofuscin granules, previously unreported, suggests that lipofuscin accumulation in striated muscle may begin under conditions of acute oxidative stress, as marked by the oxidation of extramitochondrial porphyrinogens that are immediately incorporated into the granules.
Influence of fuel quality on vehicular NOx emissions (2001)

The quality of gasoline and diesel fuel affects pollutant emissions from vehicles. By applying the COMPLEX model, developed by the MUS EPA and industry to relate fuel composition to vehicle emissions, this paper estimates the influence of improvements in gasoline quality to lower vehicular NOx emissions. A case study is performed for Guangzhou City that has NOr concentrations significantly above the national ambient air quality standards(NAAQS).The paper discusses the potential for reducing NOx in Guangzhou by improving the quality of gasoline.
Computational Insights into the Inhibitory Mechanism of Human AKT1 by an Orally Active Inhibitor, MK-2206 (2014)

The AKT signaling pathway has been identified as an important target for cancer therapy. Among small-molecule inhibitors of AKT that have shown tremendous potential in inhibiting cancer, MK-2206 is a highly potent, selective and orally active allosteric inhibitor. Promising preclinical anticancer results have led to entry of MK-2206 into Phase I/II clinical trials. Despite such importance, the exact binding mechanism and the molecular interactions of MK-2206 with human AKT are not available. The current study investigated the exact binding mode and the molecular interactions of MK-2206 with human AKT isoforms using molecular docking and (un)binding simulation analyses. The study also involved the docking analyses of the structural analogs of MK-2206 to AKT1 and proposed one as better inhibitor. The Dock was used for docking simulations of MK-2206 into the allosteric site of AKT isoforms. The Ligplot+ was used for analyses of polar and hydrophobic interactions between AKT isoforms and the ligands. The MoMa-LigPath web server was used to simulate the ligand (un)binding from the binding site to the surface of the protein. In the docking and (un)binding simulation analyses of MK-2206 with human AKT1, the Trp-80 was the key residue and showed highest decrease in the solvent accessibility, highest number of hydrophobic interactions, and the most consistent involvement in all (un)binding simulation phases. The number of molecular interactions identified and calculated binding energies and dissociation constants from the co-complex structures of these isoforms, clearly explained the varying affinity of MK-2206 towards these isoforms. The (un)binding simulation analyses identified various additional residues which despite being away from the binding site, play important role in initial binding of the ligand. Thus, the docking and (un)binding simulation analyses of MK-2206 with AKT isoforms and its structure analogs will provide a suitable model for studying drug-protein interaction and will help in designing better drugs.
Anti-oxazolone hybridomas and the structure of the oxazolone idiotype. (1983)

Antibodies raised in several mouse and rat strains against the hapten 2-phenyloxazolone (phOx, "oxazolone") regularly contain a fraction recognized by antiidiotypic reagents. We have studied this response in BALB/c and DBA/2 mice by generating over fifty anti-phOx antibody-secreting hybridoma clones. The hybridization was performed either 7 or 14 days after a primary immunization with phOx-protein conjugate. Most of the hybrids secreted IgG1. Whereas over 80% (17/21) of IgG-producing hybrids from day-7 fusions secreted oxazolone-idiotype positive immunoglobulin, all hybridomas originating from day-14 fusions were idiotype negative. The mRNA for heavy (H) and light (L) chains of three idiotype-positive and one idiotype-negative IgG1 hybridomas were sequenced by a modification of Sanger's dideoxynucleotide method of DNA sequencing, using crude mRNA as template, synthetic oligonucleotides as primers, and reverse transcriptase to incorporate both dideoxynucleotides and labeled deoxynucleotides. The sequence of the mRNA coding for the whole variable region of each chain was established using primers complementary to the constant region near the V-C boundary and another two that coded for a framework segment in either VH or VL. This method not only provided more information than protein sequencing but was also faster and simpler. The mRNA preparation did not need fractionation beyond the poly A-containing fraction. The sequences of the H and L chain mRNA of the three idiotype-positive anti-oxazolone antibodies were extremely similar or identical, and from them a tentative oxazolone-idiotype basic sequence was derived. Only three nucleotide differences were detected; these occurred in the D segment of one H chain mRNA, in the V-J boundary of one of the light chain mRNA, and in the first hypervariable region of another. The idiotype-negative antibody had a totally different H chain mRNA and a light chain mRNA that differed by 21 bases, almost all affecting the amino acid sequence.
Buffered Lidocaine Hydrochloride Solution With and Without Epinephrine: Stability in Polypropylene Syringes (2009)

Extemporaneously prepared buffered lidocaine (1% and 2%) packaged in polypropylene syringes remained stable for up to 28 days when properly refrigerated with protection from light. A 7-day expiry date was established for buffered lidocaine solutions containing epinephrine, packaged in polypropylene syringes, and stored with refrigeration and protection from light.
Suramin prevents duck hepatitis B virus infection in vivo (1993)

The effect of suramin on duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) infection was investigated in vivo. Suramin pretreatment of Pekin ducklings completely prevented DHBV infection. In contrast, suramin given at the time of or after inoculation with DHBV did not inhibit viral infection, replication, or gene expression. These data indicate that suramin effectively blocks the early stages of DHBV infection in vivo.
<title>New optical design for automated DNA sequencer</title> (1996)

A second generation optical design for the ABI PRISM<SUP>TM</SUP> 377 DNA sequencer enhances sensitivity and increases sequencing throughput by taking advantage of simultaneous four color detection using a spectrograph and CCD array. On-axis laser illumination using a small turning mirror to excite sample fluorescence replaces the Brewster's angle geometry of the first generation sequencer. The small turning mirror blocks direct reflection of laser light from the collection path. Alignment precision and mechanical stability must be sufficient to avoid image wander on the spectrograph slit which would add noise. The spectrograph slit is underfilled to maximize signal strength and reduce mechanical vibration sensitivity. The primary noise sources have been identified and minimized such that the instrument is shot noise limited. The instrument may be reconfigured through software for use of additional or different fluorescent dye labels as required by new genetic analysis applications. The overall result is a flexible instrument platform with increased throughput, improved sensitivity and longer sequences read.