gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Red/far-red light signals regulate the activity of the carbon-concentrating mechanism in cyanobacteria (2021)

Desiccation-tolerant cyanobacteria can survive frequent hydration/dehydration cycles likely affecting inorganic carbon (Ci) levels. It was recently shown that red/far-red light serves as signal-preparing cells toward dehydration. Here, the effects of desiccation on Ci assimilation by <i>Leptolyngbya ohadii</i> isolated from Israel's Negev desert were investigated. Metabolomic investigations indicated a decline in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase carboxylation activity, and this was accelerated by far-red light. Far-red light negatively affected the Ci affinity of <i>L. ohadii</i> during desiccation and in liquid cultures. Similar effects were evident in the non-desiccation-tolerant cyanobacterium <i>Synechocystis</i> The <i>Synechocystis</i> Δ<i>cph1</i> mutant lacking the major phytochrome exhibited reduced photosynthetic Ci affinity when exposed to far-red light, whereas the mutant Δ<i>sbtB</i> lacking a Ci uptake inhibitory protein lost the far-red light inhibition. Collectively, these results suggest that red/far-red light perception likely via phytochromes regulates Ci uptake by cyanobacteria and that this mechanism contributes to desiccation tolerance in strains such as <i>L. ohadii</i>.
Cu(II)-Catalyzed Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols under Mild Conditions (2006)

Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation. An efficient four-component system consisting of acetamido-TEMPO/Cu(ClO4)2/TMDP/DABCO in DMSO has been developed for room-temperature aerobic alcohol oxidation. Under the optimal conditions, various alcohols could be converted into their corresponding aldehydes or ketones in good to excellent yields. The newly developed catalytic system could also be recycled and reused for three runs without any significant loss of catalytic activity.
CO <sub>2</sub> response for expression of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase genes is inhibited by AT‐rich decoy in the cyanobacterium (2003)

The CO(2)-regulatory function of the AT-rich element in the promoter for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbc) genes in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 was analyzed using the transcription factor decoy approach. Double-stranded phosphorothioate AT-rich oligonucleotides with high affinity for a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein were successfully introduced into cyanobacterial cells in culture without any transfection reagent. The AT-rich decoy oligonucleotides interfered with CO(2) regulation of rbc expression by blocking the binding of the sequence-specific DNA-binding protein, indicating that the AT-rich element plays a critical role in CO(2) regulation for rbc genes. The decoy oligonucleotide approach to cyanobacteria provides a simple and excellent tool for investigating transcriptional regulation in vivo.
Models for the Chemical Vapor Deposition of Tin Oxide from Monobutyltintrichloride (2006)

Global kinetic mechanisms and models are developed to describe the growth of tin oxide films from monobutyltintrichloride (MBTC) by chemical vapor deposition. Several candidate mechanisms are examined. Deposition from mixtures is best described by a mechanism in which MBTC reacts with an oxygen-covered surface, while deposition from mixtures can be effectively predicted using a mechanism in which a gas-phase complex is formed, adsorbed by the surface, and reacts with gas-phase to form . Both models are based on new and previously reported growth-rate data obtained in a stagnation flow reactor (SFR) as a function of the inlet concentrations of MBTC, , and , substrate temperature, inlet gas velocity, and total pressure. Model rate constants were obtained by fitting to SFR growth rates obtained at and relatively low MBTC concentrations . The predictions are within a factor of 2 of SFR data obtained at higher pressures (up to ), as well as with results in the literature obtained at , suggesting that the deposition mechanisms used capture the essential chemistry over a broad range of chemical vapor deposition conditions.
The fatty acid composition of cottonseed oil at various stages of solvent extraction (1961)

Abstract The variation in the fatty acid composition of the glyceride portion of cottonseed oil at various stages of solvent extraction has been investigated. Prime cottonseed meats were flaked and extracted in glassware rate extraction apparatus, using commercial hexane up to different degrees of extractions. The fatty acid composition of cottonseed oil obtained after extracting the flakes to different residual oil contents was determined by gas‐liquid partition chromatography. No difference was found.
A DTLS based end-to-end security architecture for the Internet of Things with two-way authentication (2012)

In this paper, we introduce the first fully implemented two way authentication security scheme for the Internet of Things (IoT) based on existing Internet standards, especially the Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol. The proposed security scheme is based on the most widely used public key cryptography (RSA), and works on top of standard low power communication stacks.We believe that by relying on an established standard, existing implementations, engineering techniques and security infrastructure can be reused, which enables easy security uptake. We present an implemented system architecture for the proposed scheme based on a low-power hardware platform suitable for the IoT. We further demonstrate its feasibility (low overheads and high interoperability) through extensive evaluation.
Statistical Analysis of Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy of Ultra Low Concentration Molecules with a Confocal Microscope (2008)

In this study, we simulated a statistical model of FCS(fluorescence correlation spectroscopy) based on a Poisson process to understand and explain observations of the experiment performed on molecules of ultra-low concentration by the home-built laser-scanning confocal microscope. The statistical model confirmed that the relative mean square amplitude of fluctuations is shown to be inversely proportional to the average number of molecules, even in the ultra-low concentration, if some conditions are satisfied. Signal-to-noise ratio and the variability of dwelling time under the confocal volume were found to be effective conditions for the experiment.
Frankenstein: stitching malware from benign binaries (2012)

Abstract—This paper proposes a new self-camouflaging malware propagation system, Frankenstein, that overcomes shortcomings in the current generation of metamorphic malware. Specifically, although mutants produced by current state-of-theart metamorphic engines are diverse, they still contain many characteristic binary features that reliably distinguish them from benign software. Frankenstein forgoes the concept of a metamorphic engine and instead creates mutants by stitching together instructions from non-malicious programs that have been classified as benign by local defenses. This makes it more difficult for featurebased malware detectors to reliably use those byte sequences as a signature to detect the malware. The instruction sequence harvesting process leverages recent advances in gadget discovery for return-oriented programming. Preliminary tests show that mining just a few local programs is sufficient to provide enough gadgets to implement arbitrary functionality. I.
[Partial glossectomy assisted with temperature-controlled radiofrequency for treating macroglossia]. (2008)

Partial glossectomy assisted with temperature-controlled radiofrequency for treating macroglossia is an effective, much safer and less invasive procedure without obvious adverse reactions. There are better prospects for applying.
Genomic Instability in Cancer (2013)

One of the fundamental challenges facing the cell is to accurately copy its genetic material to daughter cells. When this process goes awry, genomic instability ensues in which genetic alterations ranging from nucleotide changes to chromosomal translocations and aneuploidy occur. Organisms have developed multiple mechanisms that can be classified into two major classes to ensure the fidelity of DNA replication. The first class includes mechanisms that prevent premature initiation of DNA replication and ensure that the genome is fully replicated once and only once during each division cycle. These include cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-dependent mechanisms and CDK-independent mechanisms. Although CDK-dependent mechanisms are largely conserved in eukaryotes, higher eukaryotes have evolved additional mechanisms that seem to play a larger role in preventing aberrant DNA replication and genome instability. The second class ensures that cells are able to respond to various cues that continuously threaten the integrity of the genome by initiating DNA-damage-dependent "checkpoints" and coordinating DNA damage repair mechanisms. Defects in the ability to safeguard against aberrant DNA replication and to respond to DNA damage contribute to genomic instability and the development of human malignancy. In this article, we summarize our current knowledge of how genomic instability arises, with a particular emphasis on how the DNA replication process can give rise to such instability.
Multispectral imaging using LED illumination and an RGB camera (2013)

LED illumination based multispectral imaging is getting much attention in recent years due to its fast computer controlled switching ability, availability of many different LEDs, robustness, and cost effectiveness. In this paper, we propose a system which uses an RGB camera along with two or three combinations of three different types of LEDs in order to acquire multispectral images of six or nine channels. Optimal LED combinations are selected so as to produce accurate estimate of spectral reflectance and/or color. The system is rather simple to realize. Moreover, it is faster as it requires only two or three shots, unlike state of the art multiplexed LED illumination based systems which require as many shots as the number of channels that a system can acquire. The proposed system can be useful in general multispectral imaging applications. The system has been evaluated with both the natural images and paintings. The results from the simulation experiments were promising, indicating the possibility of the proposed system as a practical and feasible method of multispectral imaging.
Long and Short-Term Recommendations with Recurrent Neural Networks (2017)

Recurrent neural networks have recently been successfully applied to the session-based recommendation problem, and is part of a growing interest for collaborative filtering based on sequence prediction. This new approach to recommendations reveals an aspect that was previously overlooked: the difference between short-term and long-term recommendations. In this work we characterize the full short-term/long-term profile of many collaborative filtering methods, and we show how recurrent neural networks can be steered towards better short or long-term predictions. We also show that RNNs are not only adapted to session-based collaborative filtering, but are perfectly suited for collaborative filtering on dense datasets where it outperforms traditional item recommendation algorithms.
Screening method for the determination of peroxide acumulation in honey and relation with HMF content (1996)

SUMMARYA fast semiquantitative screening procedure is described for the determination of peroxide activity in honey. Upon dilution of honey with water, hydrogen peroxide is released by the action of the enzyme glucose oxidase. After 1 h incubation time at 20°C, one peroxide test strip (Merck) is dipped into the honey solution for one second and the blue colour obtained is read after 15 s by means of the colour scale. The obtained value, multiplied by five, gives the amount of hydrogen peroxide in micrograms per g honey per hour at 20°C. A zero value may result from heated honey or prolonged storage, by low natural enzyme content, by chemical interactions or by the action of the enzyme catalase. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) also reduces hydrogen peroxide formation. After analysing about 500 honey samples, it was found that if the peroxide accumulation was ≥ 10 μg/g/h (20°C) HMF was ≤ 40 mg/kg and/or the diastase index was ≥ 8 with a probability of 95%.
Investigation of InGaP/GaAs double-delta-doped heterojunction bipolar transistor (1998)

The double-delta-doped heterojunction bipolar transistor is successfully fabricated with improved current-voltage characteristics by employing the insertion of delta-doped sheets at emitter-base (E-B) and base-collector (B-C) heterojunction. Because of the use of delta-doped sheets, the potential spikes at E-B and B-C heterojunction are suppressed substantially. Thus a higher emitter injection efficiency (current gain) and a lower knee voltage are obtained. From experimental results, it is shown that the studied device is a good candidate for high-speed and high-power circuit applications.
A System Level Evaluation of SRTA-PI Transmission Scheme in the High-Speed Train Use Case (2018)

Traditional wireless systems are not able to offer broadband connectivity to very fast vehicles, such as train moving at up to 500 km/h. Channel aging, high penetration loss, frequent handovers, and Doppler spread phenomena, in fact, significantly impair the achieved throughput. Recent research activities related to 5G communication technologies are formulating novel approaches and methodologies able to reach better results. Among them, the Separate Receive and Training Antennas with Polynomial Interpolation is emerging as a promising transmission scheme, able to effectively improve the performance of communication systems based on Multiple-Input Multiple-Output physical layer. It is specifically suitable for high-speed use cases, where the adoption of predictor antennas on moving vehicles may combat the channel aging phenomenon and improve the resulting Channel State Information. Unfortunately, the current scientific literature did not explain the behavior of that solution in concrete situations, yet. To bridge this gap, the work presented herein deeply investigates, from the system level perspective, the performance gain offered by the aforementioned approach with respect to baseline transmission techniques, in various realistic scenarios. Specifically, computer simulations demonstrate how the Separate Receive and Training Antennas with Polynomial Interpolation technique is able to reach a throughput gain up to 100% with respect to the baseline approach, also when the speed is set to 500 km/h.
Walking the Spiritual Ways – West of Ireland experience of modern pilgrimage (2015)

This paper considers the modern phenomenon of pilgrim walking along routes in the west of Ireland county of Clare. It relates it to possible medieval practice; to traditional practices by local people on one hand and the reconstruction of the international medieval pilgrim routes to places like Compostela. It suggests the reasons why people may walk in search of spiritual growth and experience, the resources they may wish for, the ways in which the contemporary search functions in a largely post-Catholic manner, and the position of those from other Christina, or religious traditions
LTCC interconnects in microsystems (2006)

Different microelectromechanical system (MEMS) packaging strategies towards high packaging density of MEMS devices and lower expenditure exist both in the market and in research. For example, electrical interconnections and low stress wafer level packaging are essential for improving device performance. Hybrid integration of low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) with Si can be a way for an easier packaging system with integrated electrical interconnection, and as well towards lower costs. Our research on LTCC-Si integration is reported in this paper.
The Subunit Structure of Normal and Hemophilic Factor VIII (1973)

Human factor VIII from normals and hemophiliacs was partially purified by ethanol and polyethylene glycol precipitations. Final purification was achieved by gel filtration on 2 or 4% agarose or ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. Comparable amounts of highly purified protein were obtained from normal and hemophilic plasma following the agarose chromatography step. Highly purified factor VIII was not dissociated by 6 M guanidine hydrochloride or 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. However, when reduced by beta-mercaptoethanol and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a single subunit species with an estimated 195,000 molecular weight was found for both normal and hemophilic factor VIII. By sedimentation equilibrium analysis, the normal factor VIII subunit was homogeneous and had an estimated molecular weight of 202,000. The subunit polypeptides from normal or hemophilic factor VIII contained carbohydrate. Each was homogeneous by isoelectric focusing. Immunodiffusion of purified normal and hemophilic factor VIII against rabbit antiserum to purified normal human factor VIII showed a single line of precipitation. Very low concentrations of purified human thrombin initially increased the activity of normal factor VIII about threefold and then progressively destroyed activity by 3 h. Only minimal activation occurred with hemophilic factor VIII. Both the activation and inactivation of normal and hemophilic factor VIII were unaccompanied by detectable changes in subunit molecular weight. These findings may have implications for the definition of the molecular defect in hemophilic factor VIII.
Ethosomes: New Prospects in Transdermal Delivery (2003)

Ethosomes are noninvasive delivery carriers that enable drugs to reach the deep skin layers and/or the systemic circulation. Although ethosomal systems are conceptually sophisticated, they are characterized by simplicity in their preparation, safety, and efficacy--a combination that can highly expand their application. Ethosomes are soft, malleable vesicles tailored for enhanced delivery of active agents. This article reviews work carried out in vitro, in vivo, in animal models, and in humans with various ethosomal systems incorporating a wide range of drugs. Because of their unique structure, ethosomes are able to encapsulate and deliver through the skin highly lipophilic molecules such as cannabinoids, testosterone, and minoxidil, as well as cationic drugs such as propranolol and trihexyphenidil. Results obtained in a double-blind two-armed randomized clinical study showed that treatment with the ethosomal acyclovir formulation significantly improved all the evaluated parameters. Preliminary studies with plasmids and insulin revealed that the ethosomal carrier may be used for enhanced delivery of these agents. In further work, the ethosomal technology was broadened to introduce agents into cultured cells and microorganisms. Enhanced delivery of bioactive molecules through the skin and cellular membranes by means of an ethosomal carrier opens numerous challenges and opportunities for the research and future development of novel improved therapies.
Mitochondrial targeting of recombinant RNAs modulates the level of a heteroplasmic mutation in human mitochondrial DNA associated with Kearns Sayre Syndrome (2012)

Mitochondrial mutations, an important cause of incurable human neuromuscular diseases, are mostly heteroplasmic: mutated mitochondrial DNA is present in cells simultaneously with wild-type genomes, the pathogenic threshold being generally >70% of mutant mtDNA. We studied whether heteroplasmy level could be decreased by specifically designed oligoribonucleotides, targeted into mitochondria by the pathway delivering RNA molecules in vivo. Using mitochondrially imported RNAs as vectors, we demonstrated that oligoribonucleotides complementary to mutant mtDNA region can specifically reduce the proportion of mtDNA bearing a large deletion associated with the Kearns Sayre Syndrome in cultured transmitochondrial cybrid cells. These findings may be relevant to developing of a new tool for therapy of mtDNA associated diseases.
Hydrogen storage properties of B‐ and N‐doped microporous carbon (2009)

Abstract A B‐ and N‐doped microporous carbon has been synthesized via a substitution reaction. The obtained carbon exhibited much higher surface area than the previously reported B‐ and N‐doped carbon. The hydrogen storage measurements indicated that the B‐ and N‐doped microporous carbon had a 53% higher storage capacity than the carbon materials with similar surface areas. Furthermore, hydrogen storage via spillover was studied on Ru‐supported B‐ and N‐doped microporous carbon and a storage capacity of 1.2 wt % at 298 K and 10 MPa was obtained, showing an enhancement factor of 2.2. Ab initio molecular orbital calculations were also performed for the binding energies between the spiltover hydrogen atom and various sites on the doped carbon. The theoretical calculations can explain the experimental results well, which also shed light on the most favorable and possible sites with which the spiltover hydrogen atoms bind. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
The artAB genes encode a putative ADP-ribosyltransferase toxin homologue associated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 (2005)

Many bacterial pathogens encode ADP-ribosyltransferase toxins. The authors identified an ADP-ribosyltransferase toxin homologue (ArtA, ArtB) in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) DT104. ArtA is most homologous to a putative pertussis-like toxin subunit present in Salmonella typhi (STY1890) and Salmonella paratyphi A (SPA1609), while ArtB shows homology to a hypothetical periplasmic protein of S. typhi (STY1364) and S. paratyphi A (SPA1188), and a putative pertussis-like toxin subunit in S. typhi (STY1891) and S. paratyphi A (SPA1610). The artA gene was detected from the phage particle fraction upon mitomycin C induction, and the flanking region of artAB contains a prophage-like sequence, suggesting that these putative toxin genes reside within a prophage. Southern blotting analysis revealed that artA is conserved in 12 confirmed DT104 strains and in four related strains which are not phage-typed but are classified into the same group as DT104 by both amplified-fragment length polymorphism and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Except for one strain, NCTC 73, all 13 S. typhimurium strains which were classified into different groups from that of DT104 lacked the artA locus. The results suggest that phage-mediated recombination has resulted in the acquisition of art genes in S. typhimurium DT104 strains.
Sensor Modelling, Design and Data Processing for Autonomous Navigation in Confined Environments (1998)

From the Publisher:
This book presents an unbiased framework for modelling and using sensors to aid mobile robot navigation. It addresses the problem of accurate and reliable sensing in confined environments and makes a detailed analysis of the design and construction of a low-cost optical range finder. This is followed by a quantitative model for determining the sources and propagation of noise within the sensor. The physics behind the causes of erroneous data is also used to derive a model for detecting and labelling such data as false. In addition, the author's data processing algorithms are applied to the problem of environmental feature extraction. This forms the basis of a solution to the problem of mobile robot localisation. The book develops a relationship between the kinematics of a mobile robot during the execution of successive manoeuvres and the sensed features. Results which update a mobile vehicle's position using features from 2D and 3D scans are presented.