gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variable Stiffness Structures Utilizing Fluidic Flexible Matrix Composites (2008)

In this research, the capability of utilizing fluidic flexible matrix composites (F 2 MC) for autonomous structural tailoring is investigated. By taking advantage of the high anisotropy of flexible matrix composite (FMC) tubes and the high bulk modulus of the pressurizing fluid, significant changes in the effective modulus of elasticity can be achieved by controlling the inlet valve to the fluid-filled F 2 MC structure. The variable modulus F 2 MC structure has the flexibility to easily deform when desired (open-valve), possesses the high modulus required during loading conditions when deformation is not desired (closed-valve — locked state), and has the adaptability to vary the modulus between the flexible/stiff states through control of the valve. In the current study, a 3D analytical model is developed to characterize the axial stiffness behavior of a single F 2 MC tube. Experiments are conducted to validate the proposed model, and the test results show good agreement with the model predictions. A closed/open modulus ratio as high as 56 times is achieved experimentally. With the validated model, an F 2 MC design space study is performed. It is found that by tailoring the properties of the FMC tube and inner liner, a wide range of moduli and modulus ratios can be attained. By embedding multiple F 2 MC tubes side by side in a soft matrix, a multi-cellular F 2 MC sheet with a variable stiffness in one direction is constructed. The stiffness ratio of the multi-cellular F 2 MC sheet obtained experimentally shows good agreement with a model developed for this type of structure. A case study has been conducted to investigate the behavior of laminated [+60/0/-60] s multi-cellular F 2 MC sheets. It is shown that the laminate can achieve tunable, steerable, anisotropy by selective valve control.
Plasmon Field Effect Transistor for Plasmon to Electric Conversion and Amplification (2015)

Direct coupling of electronic excitations of optical energy via plasmon resonances opens the door to improving gain and selectivity in various optoelectronic applications. We report a new device structure and working mechanisms for plasmon resonance energy detection and electric conversion based on a thin film transistor device with a metal nanostructure incorporated in it. This plasmon field effect transistor collects the plasmonically induced hot electrons from the physically isolated metal nanostructures. These hot electrons contribute to the amplification of the drain current. The internal electric field and quantum tunneling effect at the metal-semiconductor junction enable highly efficient hot electron collection and amplification. Combined with the versatility of plasmonic nanostructures in wavelength tunability, this device architecture offers an ultrawide spectral range that can be used in various applications.
CLINICAL STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN apoE GENE POLYMORPHISM AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN AGED (2000)

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of apolipoprotein E(apoE) gene and blood pressure in aged.Methods:The apoE genotype was determined by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and immunoblotting.Results:The apoE genotypes and the frequencies were no difference between hypertension patients and controls,the genotype E3/3 and the prevalence of e3 allele were significantly higher than those carrying other alleles.In hypertension group,individuals with the e4 allele had a significantly higher systolic blood pressure than those carrying other alleles.Conclusion:The polymorphism of apo E gene and systolic blood pressure in aged were significantly correlated.
A new authentication scheme with anonymity for wireless environments (2004)

Wireless network is susceptible to security attacks because its openness of transmission media. Wireless network security is somewhat more concentrated and complex than that of wired network. Authentication is the most essential procedure to ensure that the service is properly used. But its limited resource, such as weak power supplies and limited bandwidth, must be taken into account in the design of security schemes. In this paper, we present a new and efficient wireless authentication protocol providing user anonymity. Our scheme is based on the hash function and smart cards, and mobile users only do symmetric encryption and decryption. In our protocol, it takes only one round of message exchange between the mobile user and the visited network, and one round of message exchange between the visited network and the corresponding home network. The most significant feature is one-time use of key between mobile user and visited network. Finally, the performance of our scheme is analyzed.
Synergistic proinflammatory responses induced by polymicrobial colonization of epithelial surfaces (2005)

The epithelial surfaces of the upper respiratory tract are continuously exposed to a wide variety of commensal microorganisms. In addition to acting as a physical barrier, epithelial cells respond to specific microbial products with the generation of signals, such as cytokines, that trigger inflammation. Because they are common components of the nasopharyngeal flora that share the potential to cause disease, we investigated the effects of Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, alone and in combination, on human respiratory epithelial cells in culture and in a murine model of nasopharyngeal colonization. Exposure of A549 or Detroit 562 epithelial cells to both S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae led to a synergistic increase in production of IL-8, the major neutrophil chemokine in the airway, through an NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism. Likewise, nasal cocolonization of mice caused a synergistic rise in local production of macrophage inflammatory protein 2 in nasal lavage fluid and subsequent recruitment of neutrophils. This synergistic effect depended on production of the pore-forming cytolytic toxin, pneumolysin, by S. pneumoniae and activation of host p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Although both H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae have ligands for Toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR2 and TLR4, synergistic activation was TLR2- and TLR4-independent. Thus, epithelial surfaces are capable of amplifying proinflammatory responses during concurrent stimulation by multiple microbial species. These synergistic responses, demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo, may contribute to inflammation of heavily colonized mucosal barriers.
Chromatostrips for Identifying Constituents of Essential Oils (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromatostrips for Identifying Constituents of Essential OilsJ. M. Miller and J. G. KirchnerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1953, 25, 7, 1107–1109Publication Date (Print):July 15, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 July 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60079a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60079a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Design of a Liquid Crystal Based Single-Lens Stereo Endoscope (2006)

In this paper, we present a design of stereo endoscope based on a single liquid crystal lens. We first review the fundamentals of the optics of stereoscopic endoscope and argue that, due to limited physical size, dual-lens endoscopes usually compromise image quality with respect to depth resolution. To improve the depth resolution without increasing the endoscope dimensions, we propose a single-lens design that implements a voltage-controlled liquid crystal. The proposed endoscope utilizes a single optic system that collects the left view and right view sequentially in a switching manner. It is shown that at the same dimensions, the stereo disparity with the proposed design may be twice as much as that with the conventional dual-lens endoscopes. This leads to a much improved depth resolution and is particularly useful for 3D visualization applications that utilize ultra-small endoscopes, such as endoscopic brain surgery.
Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients (2004)

Updated to reflect the latest data, Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, Fifth Edition is the newest edition of an industry standard. It features more than 100 newly designated GRAS substances, expanded information on aroma and taste thresholds, and the most current regulatory information. It includes synonyms, international codes, sen
Stabilizing electrodeposition in elastic solid electrolytes containing immobilized anions (2016)

Ion transport-driven instabilities in electrodeposition of metals that lead to morphological instabilities and dendrites are receiving renewed attention because mitigation strategies are needed for improving rechargeability and safety of lithium batteries. The growth rate of these morphological instabilities can be slowed by immobilizing a fraction of anions within the electrolyte to reduce the electric field at the metal electrode. We analyze the role of elastic deformation of the solid electrolyte with immobilized anions and present theory combining the roles of separator elasticity and modified transport to evaluate the factors affecting the stability of planar deposition over a wide range of current densities. We find that stable electrodeposition can be easily achieved even at relatively high current densities in electrolytes/separators with moderate polymer-like mechanical moduli, provided a small fraction of anions are immobilized in the separator.
Multiphoton ionization of nitrogen dioxide: Four photon spectroscopy of the <i>n</i> <i>p</i>σ<i>u</i> Rydberg series (1983)

Mass resolved multiphoton ionization (MPI) of NO2 reveals resonance-enhanced production of NO+2 in the region from 490 to 540 nm. From an analysis of the MPI spectrum, we assign these resonant features to four photon transitions to high-lying members of the npσu Rydberg series. A high resolution scan of one of these features shows clear rotational structure, the assignment of which yields a rotational constant for the linear upper state (B′=0.440±0.005 cm−1).
The human cytomegalovirus 80-kilodalton but not the 72-kilodalton immediate-early protein transactivates heterologous promoters in a TATA box-dependent mechanism and interacts directly with TFIID (1992)

We have asked how the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early 1 (IE1) and 2 (IE2) proteins act to transactivate heterologous cellular and viral promoters. Here we show that transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat and the 70,000-molecular-weight heat shock protein (hsp70) promoter by IE1 is TATA box independent and that the IE1 protein does not interact directly with the TATA box-binding factor TFIID. Conversely, transactivation of these promoters by IE2 is TATA box dependent and a direct interaction between IE2 and TFIID occurs, suggesting that IE2 transactivation is mediated through interaction with TFIID.
High Efficiency Distributed Solar Energy Conversion Techniques. (2011)

ZHIGANG, LIANG.High Efficiency Distributed Solar Energy Conversion Techniques.(Under the direction of Dr
Laparoscopic Ice Slurry Coolant for Renal Hypothermia (2006)

In the porcine model laparoscopic renal hypothermia achieved with microparticulate ice slurry was safe and efficient. It significantly decreased renal dysfunction secondary to an ischemic insult with no adverse effects or complications associated with microparticulate ice slurry use.
On the directionality of halogen bonding (2013)

The origin of the high directionality of halogen bonding was investigated quantum chemically by a detailed comparison of typical adducts in two different orientations: linear (most stable) and perpendicular. Energy decomposition analyses revealed that the synergy between charge-transfer interactions and Pauli repulsion are the driving forces for the directionality, while electrostatic contributions are more favourable in the less-stable, perpendicular orientation.
Spotting recognition of gestures performed by people from a single time-varying image (2002)

Our purpose is to recognize the human gestures from motion image without using contact type sensors such as data gloves or markers on hands. This paper proposes a method which can extracts good features from a small-sized image of a person and demonstrates the effectiveness using an omni-directional camera which can capture the gestures of more than one person.
Biliverdin-IX alpha reductase and biliverdin-IX beta reductase from human liver. Purification and characterization. (1994)

This report describes for the first time the identification of four forms of biliverdin reductase including two biliverdin-IX beta reductases and two biliverdin-IX alpha reductases, designated isozymes I and II and isozymes III and IV, respectively, in human liver cytosolic fractions. The four forms of biliverdin reductase were purified to homogeneity. There was a 7,800-15,000-fold increase in specific activity when compared with the crude preparation, and the recovery was 8-26%. The purified enzymes were monomers with a molecular weight of about 21,000 (isozymes I and II) and 34,000 (isozymes III and IV). The enzymes were strictly specific for biliverdin, and no other oxidoreductase activities were detected in the purified preparations. The purified enzymes used NADPH and NADH as electron donors for the reduction of biliverdin. The apparent Km values of isozymes I, II, III, and IV for NADPH were 35.9, 13.1, 10.9, and 34.1 microM, respectively, whereas those for NADH were 5.6, 8.2, 7.9, and 23.4 mM, respectively. It was assumed that NADPH rather than NADH was the physiological electron donor in the intracellular reduction of biliverdin. The apparent Km value of isozymes I and II for biliverdin-IX beta in the NADPH system was 0.3 microM whereas those of isozymes III and IV for biliverdin-IX alpha were 1.0 and 0.8 microM, respectively. Isozymes I and II used biliverdin-IX beta, -IX gamma, and -IX delta as substrates but not biliverdin-IX alpha, and isozymes III and IV preferred biliverdin-IX alpha as the most effective substrate among the four biliverdin isomers. The NADPH-dependent enzyme activities were inhibited by substrate concentrations in excess of 3-4 microM. The NADPH-dependent enzyme activities, especially isozymes III and IV, were sensitive to SH reagents including iodoacetamide, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, and N-ethylmaleimide. The optimum pH of the reaction with NADPH for isozymes I and II was 8.2 whereas that for isozymes III and IV was 7.4. The proportion of the total activity of isozymes I and II to that of isozymes III and IV was considerably higher in the fetal than in the adult liver.
Genetic Variation in Sprout-related Traits and Microsatellite DNA Loci of Soybean (2003)

Genetic diversity and soybean sprout-related traits were evaluated in a total of 72 soybean accessions (60 Glycine max, 7 Glycine soja, and 5 Glycine gracilis). 100-seed weight (SW) was greatly varied and ranged from 3.2g to 32.3g in 72 soybean accessions. Positive correlation was observed between GR and hypocotyl length (HL), whereas negative correlation was observed between SW and hypocotyl diameter (HD). Re-evaluation by discarding two soybean genotypes characterized with low GR indicated that much higher correlation of sprout yield (SY) with HD and SW. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) for sprout-related traits, 57 accessions were classified. Soybean genotypes with better traits for sprout, such as small size of seeds and high SY, were characterized with high PCA 1 and PCA 2 values. The seed size in second is small but showed low GR and SY, whereas the third has large seed, high GR and more than 400% SY. In genetic similarity analysis using 60 SSR marker genotyping, 72 accessions were classified into three major and several minor groups. Nine of twelve accessions that were identified as the representatives of soybean for sprout based on PCA were in a group by the SSR marker analysis, indicating the SSR marker selection of parental genotypes for soybean sprout improvement program.
Synthesis and characterization of physical crosslinking systems based on cyclodextrin inclusion/host‐guest complexation (2009)

Abstract New supramolecular assemblies based on cyclodextrin and adamantane were prepared. Two methacrylate monomers bearing cyclodextrin and adamantane were synthesized, and copolymerized with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate, (PEGMA, 300 g/mol), by free radical polymerization. Copolymers bearing pendent cyclodextrin and adamantane were characterized by NMR, FTIR, TGA, SEC, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and UV‐visible spectrophotometer. All copolymers showed two distinct glass transitions. The specific interaction between pendent adamantyl and cyclodextrin was examined by 1 H‐NMR. The viscoelastic properties of supramolecular assemblies were investigated with frequency and temperature sweep experiments. The specific host‐guest interaction between pendent adamantyl and cyclodextrin lead to large increases of the viscosity; and depending on the concentration of these groups, also to gel formation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 581–592, 2010
An improved TIQ comparator based 3-bit flash ADC (2017)

This paper presents an improved TIQ comparator based 3-bit Flash ADC. A modification is suggested for improvement in switching power consumption by eliminating halt stage from 2PASC based TIQ comparator used for ADC. It has been found that switching power consumption is reduced in comparison with other types of FLASH ADC. Switching power dissipation of 27.35pW at 1MHz input signal frequency for 3-bit flash ADC is obtained. The simulation has been carried out at TSMC 180nm Technology in LTspice.
Computed torque for the position control of open-chain flexible robots (2003)

A technique is presented for the solution of the inverse dynamics of open-chain flexible robots. The proposed method finds the joint torques necessary to produce a specified end-effector motion. The formulation includes all the nonlinear terms due to the large rotation of the links, together with Timoshenko beam theory to model their elastic characteristics. The finite-element method is used to discretize the equations of motion. The performance and capabilities of this technique are tested through a simulation analysis. Results show the potential of the method not only for feedforward control, but also for incorporation in feedback control strategies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Total Synthesis of the Antimalarial Sesquiterpene Peroxide Qinghaosu and Yingzhaosu A (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleTotal Synthesis of the Antimalarial Sesquiterpene Peroxide Qinghaosu and Yingzhaosu AWei-Shan Zhou and Xing-Xiang XuCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1994, 27, 7, 211–216Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00043a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00043a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1522Altmetric-Citations146LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Arthroscopic‐assisted outpatient anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons (1998)

This study presents an average of 43-month results (range, 23 to 75 months) of 82 arthroscopically assisted, outpatient semitendinosus-gracilis anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions evaluated with the Cincinnati Knee Rating System. There were 44 acute and 38 chronic injuries. The results showed no significant effect of injury chronicity on all outcome variables except knee motion complications. Additionally, no significant difference was found between men and women in regards to outcome. At follow-up, 93% showed complete or partial graft function, 98% had a full range of knee motion, 83% had returned to sports with no problems, and 92% rated their knee condition as normal or very good. The mean overall point score (0 to 100 scale) for all patients was 92 +/- 10 points. All patients with chronic injuries showed improvement from their preoperative status, including 11 who had articular cartilage lesions. Complications were few; only five patients (6%) needed additional treatment for limitation of knee motion, and no patient had an increase in patellofemoral crepitus. We concluded that this procedure produced desirable results and that patients with long-standing functional limitations significantly improved and were able to return to an active lifestyle.
Proposal and Evaluation of Hybrid Encoding of CSP to SAT Integrating Order and Log Encodings (2017)

This paper proposes a new hybrid encoding of finite linear CSP to SAT which integrates order and log encodings. The former maintains bound consistency by unit propagation and works well for constraints consisting of small/middle sized arity and variable domains. The latter generates smaller CNF and works well for constraints consisting of larger sized arity and variable domains but its performance is not good in general because more inference steps are required to ripple carries. This paper describes the first attempt of hybridizing the order and log encodings without channeling constraints. Each variable is encoded by either the order encoding or the log encoding, and each constraint can contain both types of variables. Using the CSP solver competition benchmark consisting of 1458 instances, we made a comparison between the order, log and proposed hybrid encodings. As a result, the hybrid encoding solves the largest number of instances with the shortest CPU time. We also made a comparison with the four state-of-the-art CSP and SMT solvers Mistral, Opturion CPX, Yices, and z3. In this comparison, the hybrid encoding also shows the best performance. Furthermore, we found that the hybrid encoding is especially superior than other solvers for instances containing disjunctive constraints and global constraints — it indeed solves more instances than the virtual best solver consisting of those four state-of-the-art systems.