gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyamine Depletion Induces Rapid NF-κB Activation in IEC-6 Cells (2001)

The proliferation of the rat intestinal mucosal IEC-6 cell line requires polyamines, whose synthesis is catalyzed by the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). ODC inhibition leads to polyamine depletion, as well as inhibition of both cell proliferation and apoptosis by regulating gene expression. The NF-kappa B transcription factor regulates genes involved in apoptotic, immune, and inflammatory responses. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that NF-kappa B is activated following ODC inhibition. We found that the inhibition of ODC by alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) resulted in a approximately 50% decrease in intracellular putrescine levels within 1 h. NF-kappa B is activated by DFMO through the degradation of the inhibitory protein I kappa B alpha that sequesters NF-kappa B in the cytoplasm. The DFMO-induced NF-kappa B complexes contain the p65 and p50 members of the Rel protein family. DFMO-induced NF-kappa B activation was accompanied by the translocation of p65 from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. DFMO selectively inhibited a gene reporter construct dependent on the kappa B site present in the HLA-B7 gene. In contrast, DFMO had no effect on a gene reporter construct dependent on the kappa B site present in the interleukin-8 gene. Thus, we report that ODC inhibition activates the NF-kappa B transcription factor, which may mediate the altered physiological state of intestinal cells that occurs following polyamine depletion.
A POST-MORTEM STUDY OF THE CHOLINERGIC AND GABA SYSTEMS IN SENILE DEMENTIA (1982)

Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration were measured in 19 cerebral cortical areas and 22 subcortical areas of brains from 26 control and 25 histologically proven cases of Alzheimer's disease. Reduced ChAt activity was observed in all the cortical areas examined in the Alzheimer cases dying before the median age of 79 years. In the Alzheimer cases aged greater than 79 years at death, 7 out of the 9 frontal cortical areas had a normal ChAT activity when compared with controls. Significant reductions in GABA concentrations in the Alzheimer cases were confined to the temporal cortex. Significant reductions in ChAT activity in subcortical areas were confined to 8 of the 22 regions examined. Notably these included the septal nuclei and substantia innominata, the proposed origins of the cholinergic projections to the hippocampus and neocortex, respectively. There were no reductions in GABA concentrations outside the cerebral cortex. Four multi-infarct cases and 6 cases with normal histology were found to have a small reduction in ChAT activity confined to only a few areas. The data are consistent with a predominant loss in Alzheimer's disease of the diffuse cholinergic projection from the brainstem and basal forebrain.
Authoring personal histories (2013)

It has been argued that technologies for 'memory' should be designed to support creativity and meaning building, rather than the passive capture of cues for remembering [25]. We report findings from a study inspired by this insight, in which older people made personal digital timelines using a new tool called Project Greenwich. We explore how the constraints of the timeline metaphor offer a framework for authoring, and examine how timelines can be used to underpin meaning building in relation to personal content. We highlight the importance of making, this being a vehicle for connecting with others in the present, and a potential means of emphasizing those elements of the past felt to be most salient when looking back.
A Thermodynamic Analysis of Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Based Hybrid Systems (2002)

The goals of a research program recently completed at the University of California, Irvine were to develop analysis strategy for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) based systems, to apply the analysis strategy to tubular SOFC hybrid systems and to identify promising hybrid configurations. A pressurized tubular SOFC combined with an intercooled-reheat gas turbine (SureCell™ cycle) is chosen as the base cycle over which improvements are sought. The humid air turbine (HAT) cycle features are incorporated to the base cycle resulting in the SOFC-HAT hybrid cycle which shows an efficiency of 69.05 percent while the base cycle has an efficiency of 66.23 percent. Exergy analysis identified the superior efficiency performance of the SOFC component. Therefore, an additional cycle variation added a second SOFC component followed by a low pressure combustor in place of the reheat combustor of the gas turbine of the SOFC-HAT hybrid. The resulting dual SOFC-HAT hybrid has a thermal efficiency of 75.98 percent. The single SOFC-HAT hybrid gives the lowest cost of electricity (3.54¢/kW-hr) while the dual SOFC-HAT hybrid has the highest cost of electricity (4.02¢/kW-hr) among the three cycles with natural gas priced at $3/GJ. The dual SOFC-HAT hybrid plant cost is calculated to be significantly higher because the fraction of power produced by the SOFC(s) is significantly higher than that in the other cases on the basis of $1100/kw initial cost for the SOFC. The dual SOFC-HAT hybrid can only be justified in favor of the single SOFC-HAT hybrid when the price of natural gas is greater than $14/GJ or if a severe carbon tax on the order of $180/ton of CO2 is imposed while natural gas price remains at $3/GJ.
Changes in glycine and leucine transport during red cell maturation in the rat (1990)

Both glycine and leucine transport in rat red blood cells have been studied. The glycine uptake showed two different components, one sodium-dependent and another diffusion-like process. In contrast, leucine uptake was sodium independent. Both, Na(+)-dependent glycine and the overall leucine uptake in red blood cells showed a saturable pattern. Kinetic parameters in reticulocytes were: i) glycine: apparent Km 0.16 mM; Vmax 100.2 nmol/ml ICW/min; ii) leucine: apparent Km 2.11 mM; Vmax 3.88 mumol/ml ICW/min. The erythrocytes kinetic parameters were: i) glycine: apparent Km 0.17 mM; Vmax 9.47 nmol/ml ICW/min; leucine; apparent Km 4.77 mM; Vmax 7.42 mumol/ml ICW/min. The Kd values (sodium independent glycine uptake) were similar in both kind of cells, but the importance of this component in total glycine uptake in erythrocytes was much higher than in reticulocytes. Our results confirm that rat red blood cells have both saturable leucine and Na(+)-dependent glycine uptake, but some important changes occur during cell maturation.
Liquid-fed ceramic melter: a general description report (1978)

The Pacific Northwest Laboratory is conducting several research and development programs for the solidification of high-level wastes. The liquid-fed ceramic melter (LFCM) is a major component in the solidification process. This melter can solidify liquid high-level waste, as well as melt calcined waste with glass additives and then solidify the mixture. This report describes the LFCM system and shows the main features of the refractories, electrodes and power systems, melter box and lid, draining system, feeding system, and off-gas system.
Femtomolar Detection of Tau Proteins in Undiluted Plasma Using Surface Plasmon Resonance (2016)

The ability to directly detect Tau protein and other neurodegenerative biomarkers in human plasma at clinically relevant concentrations continues to be a significant hurdle for the establishment of diagnostic tests for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this article, we introduce a new DNA aptamer/antibody sandwich assay pairing and apply it for the detection of human Tau 381 in undiluted plasma at concentrations as low as 10 fM. This was achieved on a multichannel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) platform with the challenge of working in plasma overcome through the development of a tailored mixed monolayer surface chemistry. In addition, a robust methodology was developed involving various same chip control measurements on reference channels to which the detection signal was normalized. Comparative measurements in plasma between SPR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements were also performed to highlight both the 1000-fold performance enhancement of SPR and the ability to measure both spiked and native concentrations that are not achievable with ELISA.
Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic Optimization of Rotorcraft Airfoils via a Parallel Genetic Algorithm (2000)

A parallel genetic algorithm (GA) methodology was developed to generate a family of two-dimensional airfoil designs that address rotorcraft aerodynamic and aeroacoustic concerns. The GA operated on 20 design variables, whichconstitutedthecontrolpointsforasplinerepresentingtheairfoilsurface.TheGAtookadvantageofavailable computer resources by operating in either serial mode, where the GA and function evaluations were run on the same processor or “ manager/worker” parallel mode, where the GA runs on the manager processor and function evaluations areconducted independently on separate workerprocessors. The multiple objectives of this work were to minimizethedrag and overall noiseof the airfoil. Constraintswereplaced on liftcoefe cient, moment coefe cient, andboundary-layerconvergence.TheaerodynamicanalysiscodeXFOILprovidedpressureandsheardistributions in addition to liftand drag predictions. Theaeroacousticanalysis code, WOPWOP, provided thicknessand loading noise predictions. The airfoils comprising the resulting Pareto-optimal set exhibited favorable performance when compared with typical rotorcraft airfoils under identical design conditions using the same analysis routines. The relationship between the quality of results and the analyses used in the optimization is also discussed. The new airfoil shapes could provide starting points for further investigation.
[Public health literature: teaching of a new look in the health-illness process]. (1998)

This paper presents the use of Brazilian literature in public health nursing courses at the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing. The goal is a preliminary report about experiences that intend to keep the students in touch in order to wide their view of reality, in which relationships between the men and health-illness process are established in the complexity and singularity of human being (ill and life) in each place and time. In the first stage, this experience is based on New History conceptual framework (Ecolle des Annale), in the complexity's paradigm (MORIN) and circularity concept and sign's paradigm (GINZBURG).
Combustion and Emissions of 2,5-Dimethylfuran in a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine (2010)

Biomass has the potential to become an important source of energy for future automotive fuels. Recent biological and chemical improvements to the conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates have produced high yields of liquid 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF). This discovery has made DMF a possible substitute for petroleum-based gasoline, because they share very similar physicochemical properties, which are superior to those of ethanol. In the present study, experiments have been carried out on a single-cylinder gasoline direct-injection (GDI) research engine to study the performance of DMF benchmarked against gasoline and what is considered to be the current biofuel leader, ethanol. Initial results are very promising for DMF as a new biofuel; not only is the combustion performance similar to commercial gasoline, but the regulated emissions are also comparable.
Mechanical and Structural Consequences of Associative Dynamic Cross-Linking in Acrylic Diblock Copolymers (2021)

The composition of low-Tg n-butylacrylate-block-(acetoxyaceto)ethyl acrylate block polymers is investigated as a strategy to tune the properties of dynamically cross-linked vinylogous urethane vitrimers. As the proportion of the cross-linkable block is increased, the thermorheological properties, structure, and stress relaxation evolve in ways that cannot be explained by increasing cross-link density alone. Evidence is presented that network connectivity defects such as loops and dangling ends are increased by microphase separation. The thermomechanical and viscoelastic properties of block-copolymer-derived vitrimers arise from the subtle interplay of microphase separation and network defects.
A Virtual Screen for Diverse Ligands: Discovery of Selective G Protein-Coupled Receptor Antagonists (2008)

Virtual screening has become a major focus of bioactive small molecule lead identification, and reports of agonists and antagonists discovered via virtual methods are becoming more frequent. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the one class of protein targets for which success with this approach has been limited. This is likely due to the paucity of detailed experimental information describing GPCR structure and the intrinsic function-associated structural flexibility of GPCRs which present major challenges in the application of receptor-based virtual screening. Here we describe an in silico methodology that diminishes the effects of structural uncertainty, allowing for more inclusive representation of a potential docking interaction with exogenous ligands. Using this approach, we screened one million compounds from a virtual database, and a diverse subgroup of 100 compounds was selected, leading to experimental identification of five structurally diverse antagonists of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors (TRH-R1 and TRH-R2). The chirality of the most potent chemotype was demonstrated to be important in its binding affinity to TRH receptors; the most potent stereoisomer was noted to have a 13-fold selectivity for TRH-R1 over TRH-R2. A comprehensive mutational analysis of key amino acid residues that form the putative binding pocket of TRH receptors further verified the binding modality of these small molecule antagonists. The described virtual screening approach may prove applicable in the search for novel small molecule agonists and antagonists of other GPCRs.
Editorial. An agenda for public health research in Europe (1998)

In some senses, the end of 1997 marks a transition for the journal. Per-Gunnar Svensson, who founded the journal in 1990, is retiring as editor-in-chief on his appointment as Director General of the International Hospital Federation in London. Per-Gunnar combined the vision of a specifically European journal of public health with the energy, enthusiasm, and sheer hard work necessary to make that vision a reality. In doing so, he has contributed enormously to the sense of a European public health community. As the journal moves into a new phase, we want to build on Per-Gunnar's achievements. In an increasingly interdependent world, in which many of the threats to the health of our populations are global, such as climate change, the trans-national tobacco industry, and emerging infectious diseases, we will continue to support the development of a global public health agenda. In the previous paper, Gro Harlem Brundtland sets out clearly why we need to be concerned about these issues, wherever we live, which bespeaks our goal of developing the pan-European identity of the journal further. This year we have seen an increase in coverage of research that has a specifically European dimension, an example being the recent supplement on cross-border health care and, in future, we hope that the journal becomes the first place that people look for this type of research. We believe that the journal is uniquely placed to contribute to the dissemination of research where a European dimension provides real added value.
Reductive C<sub>2</sub>-Homologation of Substituted Benzaldehydes by Fermenting Baker’s Yeast (1986)

Journal Article Reductive C2-Homologation of Substituted Benzaldehydes by Fermenting Baker's Yeast Get access Hiromichi Ohta, Hiromichi Ohta Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3–14–1, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223, Japan To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kazuhiko Ozaki, Kazuhiko Ozaki Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3–14–1, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jin Konishi, Jin Konishi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3–14–1, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Gen-ichi Tsuchihashi Gen-ichi Tsuchihashi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3–14–1, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 50, Issue 5, 1 May 1986, Pages 1261–1266, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1986.10867533 Published: 01 May 1986 Article history Received: 14 November 1985 Published: 01 May 1986
Colour development in copper ruby alkali silicate glasses. : Part 2. The effect of tin (II) oxide and antimony (III) oxide (2007)

The effect of Sb3+ and Sn2+ during the heat treatment of copper ruby alkali silicate glasses is investigated. The reducing power of SnO and Sb2O3 with respect to Cu is investigated and it is conclu ...
Monoclonal Antibody-mediated Detection of Lung Cancer Antigens in Serum (1988)

We assessed the ability of three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (5E8, 5C7, and 1F10) to detect tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in the sera of patients seen in consultation by the Pulmonary Disease Section at the Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center from September through November 1987. Eighteen of the 61 sera were obtained from patients with histologically established lung cancer. Using a semiquantitative enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), TAAs were detected by the MAb panel in the sera of 12 lung cancer patients, yielding a sensitivity of 67% with a 95% confidence interval of 44 to 84%. The frequency of TAA detection varied among cell types and stages of disease. There were eight false positives and 35 true negatives, giving a specificity of 81% with a 95% confidence interval of 67 to 90%. Two of the false positives came from patients with nonpulmonary tumors known to cross-react with the MAbs (laryngeal and gastric carcinoma). The panel was able to distinguish patients with lung cancer from those without to a highly significant degree (chi 2 = 11.2 with 1 df, p less than 0.001). This study suggests that MAb-mediated detection of serum TAAs may be useful in diagnosing and characterizing lung cancers.
Chevron-Notched Specimens: Testing and Stress Analysis (1984)

Description Twenty papers in this volume are presented in three sections, including stress analysis, test method development, and fracture toughness measurements. One purpose of this volume, given the precracking and other differences in chevron-notched testing compared with existing tests, is to identify conditions that will yield reproducible results.
Electrical effects accompanying the decomposition of organic compounds (1911)

Abstract The results of recent researches in electro-physiology have familiarised us with the view that any physiological process accompanied by chemical changes involves an associated electrical change. Haacke and Klein have shown that electrical currents in plants are essentially a manifestation of vital phenomena, and that differences in electric potential are connected both with respiration and carbon assimilation. Waller's investigations have also shown that the excitation of living vegetable protoplasm gives electrical response no less than that of animal protoplasm. He has demonstrated that leaves in a condition of active metabolism give an instant electrical response to the influence of sunlight, which was modified under conditions affecting protoplasmic activity. Apparently almost immediately upon the perception of the stimulus of light, electrical energy begins to be absorbed in the process of photosynthesis. Waller approaches very suggestively the existence of two opposing forces in the presence of analytic and synthetic processes, and recognises that the function of assimilation and respiration might be mutually antagonistic as regards visible electric effects. His conception that "the product of dissociation …. gives current from the focus of dissociation, whereas a product of association, during its formation, gives rise to a current in the opposite direction," is of great interest. The line of enquiry now followed lies in the direction only of dissociation, and is a study of electrical effects accompanying fermentation or putrefaction under the influence of micro-organisms such as Saccharomyces or bacteria. The special physiological character of fungi or bacteria demands the disintegration of organic compounds as a necessary source of energy, and where there has been absorption of energy in a synthetic process one must look for its liberation when the change is of an analytic nature. The evolution of caloric energy during fermentation or putrefaction is commonly recognised, and that electrical energy is also liberated during these processes is a conception of considerable interest. In this preliminary communication some experiments are described which were undertaken to determine whether any E. M. F. is developed when organic compounds are broken down through the fermentative activity of yeast and other organisms. Cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiæ and certain species of bacteria were grown in nutrient media, and the chemical action of their vital processes was utilised to develop electrical energy in a manner parallel to the production of E. M. F. by means of the ordinary galvanic cell.
Phosphorylation of tubulin by a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. (1986)

Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase was purified from porcine brain cytosol through sequential steps involving acid precipitation, DEAE-chromatography, and calmodulin-Sepharose chromatography. The purified enzyme contained a major Mr 50,000 and a minor Mr 60,000 peptide. Porcine brain tubulin was a major substrate for this kinase. Under optimal conditions 2.6 mol of phosphate were incorporated per mol of tubulin. The kinase phosphorylated both tubulin subunits at their carboxyl-terminal region. Limited proteolysis, using trypsin and chymotrypsin, of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated tubulins resulted in different cleavage patterns as determined by peptide mapping. Phosphorylated tubulin was unable to bind to microtubule-associated protein or to polymerize, but regained its assembly capacity after phosphatase treatment.
Real‐time recognition and tracking for augmented reality books (2011)

ABSTRACT An augmented reality book (AR book) is an application in which such multimedia elements as virtual 3D objects, movie clips, or sound clips are augmented to a conventional book using augmented reality technology. It can provide better understanding about the contents and visual impressions for users. For AR books, this paper presents a markerless tracking method, which recognizes and tracks a large number of pages in real‐time, even on PCs with low computation power. For fast recognition with respect to a large number of pages, we propose a generic randomized forest that is an extension of a randomized forest. In addition, we define the spatial locality of the subregions in an image to resolve the problem of a dropping recognition rate under a complex background. For tracking with minimal jittering, we also propose the adaptive keyframe‐based tracking method, which automatically updates the current frame as a keyframe when it describes the page better than the existing one. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.