gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methods and Technologies for the Implementation of Large-Scale Robot Tactile Sensors (2011)

Even though the sense of touch is crucial for humans, most humanoid robots lack tactile sensing. While a large number of sensing technologies exist, it is not trivial to incorporate them into a robot. We have developed a compliant “skin” for humanoids that integrates a distributed pressure sensor based on capacitive technology. The skin is modular and can be deployed on nonflat surfaces. Each module scans locally a limited number of tactile-sensing elements and sends the data through a serial bus. This is a critical advantage as it reduces the number of wires. The resulting system is compact and has been successfully integrated into three different humanoid robots. We have performed tests that show that the sensor has favorable characteristics and implemented algorithms to compensate the hysteresis and drift of the sensor. Experiments with the humanoid robot iCub prove that the sensors can be used to grasp unmodeled, fragile objects.
Voltammetric Exploration and Applications of Ultrasonic Cavitation (2003)

Voltammetric measurements carried out in the presence of power ultrasound are reviewed, and the physical processes responsible for the observed substantial augmentation of mass transport identified as resulting from a mixture of acoustic streaming and cavitation. The benefits conferred in electroanalysis or electrosynthesis of insonation simultaneous with electrolysis are summarised. The use of ultrafast ("nanosecond") voltammetric measurements to probe the nature of the interfacial cavitational bubble dynamics is described and shown to provide information not readily accessed by other experiments. Lastly, voltammetry in acoustically emulsified (organic/aqueous) media is discussed. This has considerable "green" potential for electrosynthesis, whilst the use of nanosecond voltammetry to probe the charge transferred as emulsion droplets impinge on the electrode allows a generic approach to the determination of the potential of zero charge of the latter.
High fusion performance from deuterium-tritium plasmas in JET (1999)

High fusion power experiments using DT mixtures in ELM-free H mode and optimized shear regimes in JET are reported. A fusion power of 16.1 MW has been produced in an ELM-free H mode at 4.2 MA/3.6 T. The transient value of the fusion amplification factor was 0.95±0.17, consistent with the high value of nDT(0)τEdiaTi(0) = 8.7 × 1020±20% m-3 s keV, and was maintained for about half an energy confinement time until excessive edge pressure gradients resulted in discharge termination by MHD instabilities. The ratio of DD to DT fusion powers (from separate but otherwise similar discharges) showed the expected factor of 210, validating DD projections of DT performance for similar pressure profiles and good plasma mixture control, which was achieved by loading the vessel walls with the appropriate DT mix. Magnetic fluctuation spectra showed no evidence of Alfvénic instabilities driven by alpha particles, in agreement with theoretical model calculations. Alpha particle heating has been unambiguously observed, its effect being separated successfully from possible isotope effects on energy confinement by varying the tritium concentration in otherwise similar discharges. The scan showed that there was no, or at most a very weak, isotope effect on the energy confinement time. The highest electron temperature was clearly correlated with the maximum alpha particle heating power and the optimum DT mixture; the maximum increase was 1.3±0.23 keV with 1.3 MW of alpha particle heating power, consistent with classical expectations for alpha particle confinement and heating. In the optimized shear regime, clear internal transport barriers were established for the first time in DT, with a power similar to that required in DD. The ion thermal conductivity in the plasma core approached neoclassical levels. Real time power control maintained the plasma core close to limits set by pressure gradient driven MHD instabilities, allowing 8.2 MW of DT fusion power with nDT(0)τEdiaTi(0) ≈ 1021 m-3 s keV, even though full optimization was not possible within the imposed neutron budget. In addition, quasi-steady-state discharges with simultaneous internal and edge transport barriers have been produced with high confinement and a fusion power of up to 7 MW; these double barrier discharges show a great potential for steady state operation. © 1999, Euratom
Registration of MR and CT images for skull base surgery using point-like anatomical features (1991)

We have developed a registration technique for combining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) images of the skull base for use in surgical planning. The technique is based on user identification of point-like landmarks visible in both modalities. The combination of images involves a small amount of expert interaction, is relatively quick and preliminary evaluation indicates that it is accurate to within 1.5 mm. Registered or fused images can be viewed either on an image processing workstation, or fused images can be printed onto conventional film for convenience in clinical use. We present one patient in order to demonstrate the technique's indications and advantages.
Sulfonation of (aryloxy)- and (arylamino)phosphazenes: small-molecule compounds, polymers, and surfaces (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfonation of (aryloxy)- and (arylamino)phosphazenes: small-molecule compounds, polymers, and surfacesHarry R. Allcock, Richard J. Fitzpatrick, and Lawrence SalvatiCite this: Chem. Mater. 1991, 3, 6, 1120–1132Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00018a032https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00018a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views422Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Aspirin for prevention of preeclampsia in women with historical risk factors: a systematic review (2003)

Aspirin reduces the risk of perinatal death and preeclampsia in women with historical risk factors. Given the importance of these outcomes and the safety and low cost of aspirin, aspirin therapy should be considered in women with historical risk factors.
On the Mechanism of the A.C. Electrolytic Graining of Rolled Aluminium Substrates (1996)

SummaryThe roughening of aluminium lithographic sheet is most commonly carried out by a.c. electrolytic graining. An electrochemical investigation of the mechanism of the anodic electrode processes involved in the electrograining of aluminium is presented. The role of the anodic processes in the development of a distinct surface morphology is established. The investigation involves potential step experiments in a dedicated wall-jet electrode reactor, allowing the mechanism of the oxidation of aluminium during the a.c. electrolytic graining to be investigated in a hydrodynamic steady state. Moreover, the role of mass transport in the overall kinetics of the electrode processes can be determined. For the analysis of the potentiostatic transient behaviour, a numerical computational method is presented, based on a second-order-correct implicit finite difference approach.
Improved Genetic Algorithm and Its Performance Analysis (2003)

Although ge ne tic algorithm has become very famous with its global searching, parallel computi ng, better robustness, and not needing differential information during evolution .However, it also has some demerits, such as slow convergence speed. In this pap er, based on several general theorems, an improved genetic algorithm using varia nt chromosome length and probability of crossover and mutation is proposed, and its main idea is as follows:at the beginning of evolution, our solution with sho rter length chromosome and higher probability of crossover and mutation; and at the vicinity of global optimum, with longer length chromosome and lower probabil ity of crossover and mutation. Finally, testing with some critical functions sho ws that our solution can improve the convergence speed of genetic algorithm sign ificantly, its comprehensive performance is better than that of the genetic algo rithm which only reserves the best individual.
Content-based comparison of image collections via distance measuring of self-organised maps (2004)

Content-based image retrieval techniques have been under intensively research, mainly on extracting effective low level visual features for indexing and enabling fast query of individual images by feature matching over the indexing structure. In this paper, we propose to extend the content-based approach towards the problem of multimedia collection profiling and comparison. Our method is to carry out visual feature clustering using self-organised maps, and then apply distance measures on the generated feature maps to evaluate their similarity. A modified Hausdorff distance is defined over the feature maps and further verified in an experiment using four image collections. Some preliminary results are presented with a comparison of different distance measures obtained from profiles generated by two feature schemes.
Cell Wall Composition and Decreased Autolytic Activity and Lysostaphin Susceptibility of Glycopeptide-Intermediate <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2004)

The cell wall composition and autolytic properties of passage-selected glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) isolates and their parent strains were studied in order to investigate the mechanism of decreased vancomycin susceptibility. GISA had relatively modest changes in peptidoglycan composition involving peptidoglycan interpeptide bridges and somewhat decreased cross-linking compared to that of parent strains. The cell wall phosphorus content of GISA strains was lower than that of susceptible parent strains, indicating somewhat lower wall teichoic acid levels in the GISA strains. Similar to whole cells, isolated crude cell walls retaining autolytic activity of GISA had drastically reduced autolytic activity compared to that of parent strains, and this arose early in the development of the GISA phenotype. This was due to an alteration in the autolytic enzymes of GISA as revealed by normal susceptibility of GISA-purified cell walls to parental strain autolysin extract and lower activity and altered peptidoglycan hydrolase activity profiles in GISA autolysin extracts compared to those of parent strains. Northern blot analysis indicated that expression of atl, the major autolysin gene, was significantly downregulated in a GISA strain compared to that of its parent strain. In contrast to whole cells, which showed decreased lysostaphin susceptibility, purified cell walls of GISA showed increased susceptibility to lysostaphin. We suggest that in our GISA strains, decreased autolytic activity is involved in the tolerance of vancomycin and the activities of endogenous autolysins are important in conferring sensitivity to lysostaphin on whole cells.
An anonymous authentication scheme for plug-in electric vehicles joining to charging/discharging station in vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) networks (2015)

Incorporating electric vehicles into smart grid, vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) makes it feasible to charge for large-scale electric vehicles, and in turn support electric vehicles, as mobile and distributed storage units, to discharge to smart grid. In order to provide reliable and efficient services, the operator of V2G networks needs to monitor real-time status of every plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) and then evaluate current electricity storage capability. Anonymity, aggregation and dynamic management are three basic but crucial characteristics of which the services of V2G networks should be. However, few of existing authentication schemes for V2G networks could satisfy them simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a secure and efficient authentication scheme with privacy-preserving for V2G networks. The scheme makes the charging/discharging station authenticate PEVs anonymously and manage them dynamically. Moreover, the monitoring data collected by the charging/discharging station could be sent to a local aggregator (LAG) in batch mode. In particular, time overheads during verification stage are independent with the number of involved PEVs, and there is no need to update the membership certificate and key pair before PEV logs out.
Bright White Organic Light‐Emitting Devices from a Single Active Molecular Material (2005)

Bright, balanced white-light electroluminescence has been achieved from a single active oligothiophene compound. White light is created by the superposition of a broad blue–green-light emission originating from the single molecule and a red-shifted narrow peak due to dimer formation. These results open the way to the fabrication of novel, low-cost white-light-emitting devices with a single molecular material as the active compound.
A digital output piezoelectric accelerometer for ultra-low power wireless sensor node (2008)

We have developed a novel piezoelectric accelerometer with digital output for ultra-low power wireless sensor nodes. The accelerometer is composed of an array of piezoelectric parallel-plate capacitor structures that are joined together in series and connected to a CMOS switch array. This composition makes it possible to realize a digital output accelerometer in which the number of on-state CMOS switches increases with increasing acceleration. The switches can be turned on by the voltage generated due to the piezoelectric effect and then the acceleration can be directly converted to digital output without an A/D converter. In this study, we have designed this type of accelerometer and developed its fabrication process utilizing SOI wafer and solgel derived PbZrTiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> (PZT) thin films. And a wireless sensor node integrated with the fabricated accelerometer device has been demonstrated. Evaluating the devices, it has been shown that an ultra-low power accelerometer can be realized with improving the piezoelectric property of the piezoelectric thin film.
Vapor-Phase Adsorption of Hexane and Benzene on Activated Carbon Fabric Cloth:  Equilibria and Rate Studies (2002)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) comprise more than 60% of total hazardous air pollutants that are emitted by major industrial point sources. Adsorption by an activated carbon fiber has been recognized as one of the feasible regenerative control processes to separate and recover VOCs for reuse. The adsorption behavior of hexane and benzene in a single-component and in a mixture system onto activated carbon fabric cloth was studied. The adsorption capacities were evaluated using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Depending upon the design of the experiment, we have concluded that internal diffusion controls the adsorption of benzene and n-hexane on activated carbon cloth.
Terahertz metamaterials (2009)

In this paper we present our recent developments in terahertz (THz) metamaterials and devices. Planar THz metamaterials and their complementary structures fabricated on suitable substrates have shown electric resonant response, which causes the band-pass or band-stop property in THz transmission and reflection. The operational frequency can be further tuned up to 20% upon photoexcitation of an integrated semiconductor region in the split-ring resonators as the metamaterial elements. On the other hand, the use of semiconductors as metamaterial substrates enables dynamical control of metamaterial resonances through photoexcitation, and reducing the substrate carrier lifetime further enables an ultrafast switching recovery. The metamaterial resonances can also be actively controlled by application of a voltage bias when they are fabricated on semiconductor substrates with appropriate doping concentration and thickness. Using this electrically driven approach, THz modulation depth up to 80% and modulation speed of 2 MHz at room temperature have been demonstrated, which suggests practical THz applications.
Computational approach for optimal sensor setup (2003)

Optical metrology has been widely used in quality inspection. However, the sensor setup during part inspection is often done in an ad hoc way. This leads to unnecessarily high signal dynamic range. Conse- quently, optical sensors do not have sufficient light dynamic range capa- bilities especially for shiny surface measurement. We present a compu- tational approach for optimal sensor setup that takes into account the sensor/part interaction to decrease signal dynamic range and to increase model coverage for structured light or similar optical inspection systems. First, we transform the signal dynamic range issue into a distance prob- lem in a spherical map. We then present novel algorithms on the spheri- cal map to search a near-optimal sensor orientation. Based on this near- optimal orientation, we use a gradient method to obtain the free-optimal solution that gives the lowest possible dynamic range. Experimental re- sults demonstrated that under the optimal orientation, there is lower sig- nal dynamic range and better model coverage. Future work on extending this method to multiple sensor planning, sensor design, and stage design for large part inspection is also discussed. © 2003 Society of Photo-Optical
Association of Amino Acid Variants in the Activating Transcription Factor 6 Gene (<i>ATF6</i>) on 1q21-q23 With Type 2 Diabetes in Pima Indians (2006)

Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) is important for protective cell response to accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in endoplasmic reticulum, and disturbances of this process can contribute to β-cell apoptosis. We analyzed the structural gene located within a region on 1q21-q23 linked with type 2 diabetes in several populations for variants in the Pima Indians. Functionally important segments of ATF6 were sequenced in 15 diabetic and 15 nondiabetic Pimas and representative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tested for association with type 2 diabetes in 900–1,000 subjects. We identified 20 variants including three amino acid substitutions [Met(67)Val, Pro(145)Ala, and Ser(157)Pro]. Pro(145)Ala and Ser(157)Pro were in a complete linkage disequilibrium and showed a nominal association with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.05; odds ratio 2.3 [95% CI 1.0–5.2]) and with 30-min plasma insulin during oral glucose tolerance test in 287 nondiabetic individuals (P = 0.045). Although the associations with type 2 diabetes and plasma insulin levels are marginal and their functional consequences are yet unknown, all three amino acid substitutions are located in a functionally important part of ATF6. Because these variants are not unique to the Pimas, it will be feasible to investigate their association with type 2 diabetes in other populations to better evaluate their significance for a predisposition to the disease.
Real-time Detection Technology Based on Dynamic Line-edge for Conveyor Belt Longitudinal Tear (2013)

We propose a method of conveyor belt longitudinal tear dynamic line edge detection based on CCD digital image processing. CCD camera captured video frames of conveyor belt at a certain frequency, we first applied median noise filtering and binarization to preprocessing the motion images of conveyor belt on the condition that they were not degenerative. Then Canny edge detection operator detected the edge point of the conveyor belt longitudinal tear and Hough transformation acquired the number of straight lines of longitudinal edge. Our approach was to calculate the length of each straight line separately and add these figures up. Finally, after calculating the length of the belt tear by comparing the proportion of the real size of conveyor belt and that in the image, the computer made warning or stop. Comprehensive experiment shows that this method can extract conveyer belt longitudinal tear edge line accurately and stably and make a quick intelligent response.
Hyperoxia-induced emphysematous changes in subacute phase of endotoxin-induced lung injury in rats (2004)

We examined the effects of prolonged hyperoxia (75% O(2)) on lung structure and collagen metabolism in the subacute phase of lung injury induced by continuous infusion of endotoxin (LPS) in a rat model. Experimental groups included control, endotoxin alone, endotoxin plus hyperoxia, and hyperoxia alone. Endotoxin-treated rats received a bolus of LPS (10 mg/kg i.v.) followed by 500 microg.kg(-1).day(-1) in continuous infusion for 10 days. The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid/plasma albumin concentration ratio, an index of capillary permeability, and neutrophil and macrophage counts in BAL fluid were highest in the endotoxin plus hyperoxia group. On pathological examination, prolonged hyperoxia exacerbated destruction of the alveolar wall and caused most prominent emphysematous changes in the endotoxin plus hyperoxia group. Lung tissue hydroxyproline concentration was significantly decreased in the hyperoxia group and increased in the endotoxin group. The latent forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 increased in BAL fluid of the endotoxin- and/or hyperoxia-treated groups, whereas the activities of collagenase and gelatinase, and the active form of MMP-2 were all increased in the hyperoxia-treated groups. Added to endotoxin, prolonged hyperoxia degraded collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes, and caused emphysematous changes associated with activation of collagenase and MMP-2. Our observations suggest that, in the subacute phase of endotoxin-induced lung injury, prolonged hyperoxia causes pulmonary emphysematous changes with persistent injury to the alveolar capillary barrier. Collagenase and MMP-2 activated by hyperoxia, together with MMP-9, may play prominent roles in disruption of the alveolar basement membranes and degradation of collagen lining the alveolar walls.
Recommendations for the Laboratory-Based Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae — 2014 (2014)

This report updates CDC's 2002 recommendations regarding screening tests to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections (CDC. Screening tests to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infectionsâ2002. MMWR 2002;51[No. RR-15]) and provides new recommendations regarding optimal specimen types, the use of tests to detect rectal and oropharyngeal C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections, and circumstances when supplemental testing is indicated. The recommendations in this report are intended for use by clinical laboratory directors, laboratory staff, clinicians, and disease control personnel who must choose among the multiple available tests, establish standard operating procedures for collecting and processing specimens, interpret test results for laboratory reporting, and counsel and treat patients.