gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Slow myosin in developing rat skeletal muscle. (1987)

Through S1 nuclease mapping using a specific cDNA probe, we demonstrate that the slow myosin heavy-chain (MHC) gene, characteristic of adult soleus, is expressed in bulk hind limb muscle obtained from the 18-d rat fetus. We support these results by use of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) which is highly specific to the adult slow MHC. Immunoblots of MHC peptide maps show the same peptides, uniquely recognized by this antibody in adult soleus, are also identified in 18-d fetal limb muscle. Thus synthesis of slow myosin is an early event in skeletal myogenesis and is expressed concurrently with embryonic myosin. By immunofluorescence we demonstrate that in the 16-d fetus all primary myotubes in future fast and future slow muscles homogeneously express slow as well as embryonic myosin. Fiber heterogeneity arises owing to a developmentally regulated inhibition of slow MHC accumulation as muscles are progressively assembled from successive orders of cells. Assembly involves addition of new, superficial areas of the anterior tibial muscle (AT) and extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL) in which primary cells initially stain weakly or are unstained with the slow mAb. In the developing AT and EDL, expression of slow myosin is unstable and is progressively restricted as these muscles specialize more and more towards the fast phenotype. Slow fibers persisting in deep portions of the adult EDL and AT are interpreted as vestiges of the original muscle primordium. A comparable inhibition of slow MHC accumulation occurs in the developing soleus but involves secondary, not primary, cells. Our results show that the fate of secondary cells is flexible and is spatially determined. By RIA we show that the relative proportions of slow MHC are fivefold greater in the soleus than in the EDL or AT at birth. After neonatal denervation, concentrations of slow MHC in the soleus rapidly decline, and we hypothesize that, in this muscle, the nerve protects and amplifies initial programs of slow MHC synthesis. Conversely, the content of slow MHC rises in the neonatally denervated EDL. This suggests that as the nerve amplifies fast MHC accumulation in the developing EDL, accumulation of slow MHC is inhibited in an antithetic fashion. Studies with phenylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism indicate that inhibition of slow MHC accumulation in the EDL and AT is not initially under thyroid regulation. At later stages, the development of thyroid function plays a role in inhibiting slow MHC accumulation in the differentiating EDL and AT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Low-Distortion Inference of Latent Similarities from a Multiplex Social Network (2015)

Much of social network analysis is---implicitly or explicitly---predicated on the assumption that individuals tend to be more similar to their friends than to strangers. Thus, an observed social network provides a noisy signal about the latent underlying “social space''---the way in which individuals are similar or dissimilar. Many research questions frequently addressed via social network analysis are in reality questions about this social space, raising the question of inverting the process: Given a social network, how accurately can we reconstruct the social structure of similarities and dissimilarities? We begin to address this problem formally. Observed social networks are usually multiplex, in the sense that they reflect (dis)similarities in several different “categories,” such as geographical proximity, kinship, or similarity of professions/hobbies. We assume that each such category is characterized by a latent metric capturing (dis)similarities in this category. Each category gives rise to a separate social network: a random graph parameterized by this metric. For a concrete model, we consider Kleinberg's small world model and some variations thereof. The observed social network is the unlabeled union of these graphs; i.e., the presence or absence of edges can be observed, but not their origins. Our main result is an efficient algorithm which reconstructs each metric with provably low distortion.
MASKED PLASMA OXIDATION METHOD AS A SIMPLE MICROPATTERNING OF EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN A CLOSED MICROCHAMBER ARRAY (2013)

This paper presents a simple micropatterning process “masked plasma oxidation” to create a closed microchamber array with an extracellular matrix (ECM). The fabrication process, which consists of homogeneous physical adsorption of ECM and subsequent surface activation for PDMS-PDMS bonding and micropatterned decomposition of ECM by masked plasma oxidation, is very simple. Mechanical alignment between the physical mask and the microchamber array is easy and alignment for PDMS-PDMS bonding does not required. With this simple masked plasma oxidation, many types of cells adhered and grew well in the closed microchambers.
Effects of Metformin and Rosiglitazone Monotherapy on Insulin-Mediated Hepatic Glucose Uptake and Their Relation to Visceral Fat in Type 2 Diabetes (2003)

We conclude that both metformin and rosiglitazone monotherapy increase HGU in type 2 diabetes; direct drug actions, better glycemic control, and enhanced VF insulin sensitivity are likely determinants of this phenomenon.
The Problem Research of the Processing Trade Development Between China and Russia (2006)

China and Russia have far frontier line including two parts. The side in Heilongjiang province is 3800 kilometers long.Two parties were the friendly neighbour in the most time of the history,and have the traditional companionship.Because bilateral trading relationship have the very strong mutually benefit,the trade between China and Russia have widest foreground.With the continuously economy development of China and Russian,the processing trade will become a new increasing point after traditional border trade.
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides enhance the capacity of adenovirus-mediated CD154 gene transfer to generate effective B-cell lymphoma vaccines. (2003)

Activation of CD40 by CD154 induces antigen-presenting cells (APC) to express immune costimulatory molecules, thereby enhancing their APC activity. Oligonucleotides (ODN), containing immunostimulatory DNA sequences (ISS) with nonmethylated CpG dinucleotides in a defined motif, also can induce similar changes in APC. In this study, we examined whether infection with recombinant adenovirus (Ad) encoding CD154 and/or treatment with ISS-ODN could enhance the capacity of A20 murine B lymphoma cells to function as APCs capable of inducing a syngeneic antilymphoma immune response. High-level expression of CD154 after infection with Ad-CD154 induced up-regulation of immune costimulatory molecules on A20 cells, as did incubation with ISS-ODN. Treatment of A20 cells with ISS-ODN also enhanced surface expression of alphav integrins, making them significantly more susceptible to Ad infection than nontreated A20 cells. In syngeneic mixed-lymphocyte reactions with BALB/c splenocytes, A20 cells activated with ISS-ODN and then transduced with Ad-CD154 were significantly more effective APCs than Ad-CD154 transduced cells, which, in turn, were significantly more effective than A20 cells treated with ISS-ODN alone. Also, injection of mice with ISS-activated, Ad-CD154-infected cells induced significantly better A20-specific immune responses against A20 cells, as assessed via enzyme-linked immunospot analysis in vitro and immune prophylaxis against subsequent challenge with A20 lymphoma cells in vivo. These data demonstrate that CpG-containing oligonucleotides can serve as an adjuvant for Ad-mediated gene therapy of B-cell malignancies.
Spectral subtraction and RASTA-filtering in text-dependent HMM-based speaker verification (2002)

In real text-dependent telephone-based speaker verification systems, both, additive and convolutional noise influence the error rate considerably. In this paper, different procedures which make a speaker verification system more robust against noise are compared. We either use spectral subtraction in addition to MFCC-feature extraction or only PLP and RASTA-PLP (without spectral subtraction). Considering spectral subtraction two modifications were examined: one version which was preconnected to the system and a second one being integrated into the MFCC computation. The first version has the advantage that the window length can be chosen independently of those of the MFCC procedure. This led to better results. However, the most effective procedure for telephone speech data is the J-RASTA-PLP, but the estimation of the optimal J factor is difficult. At first we used a fixed J factor based on off-line measurement of noise power. Finally, we performed some experiments to optimize the system with the adaptive estimation of the J factor during utterance. This procedure is based on the method of spectral mapping which has been shown to be very effective in automatic speech recognition.
Down-regulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog by hepatitis C virus core 3a in hepatocytes triggers the formation of large lipid droplets (2011)

The down-regulation of PTEN and IRS1 is a critical event leading to the HCV genotype 3a-induced formation of large lipid droplets in hepatocytes.
Far-infrared generation by CO 2 lasers frequencies subtraction in a ZnGeP 2 crystal (1996)

A pulsed radiation power of approximately 1 W was reached for the first time, with the aid of a ZnGeP<SUB>2</SUB> crystal, at the difference frequency of CO<SUB>2</SUB> lasers radiation in the submillimeter spectral range.
Temperature sensitivity on growth and/or replication of H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 influenza A viruses isolated from pigs and birds in mammalian cells (2009)

Influenza A viruses have been isolated from a wide range of animal species, aquatic birds being the reservoir for their genetic diversity. Avian influenza viruses can be transmitted to humans, directly or indirectly through an intermediate host like pig. This study aimed to define in vitro conditions that could prove useful to evaluate the potential of influenza viruses to adapt to a different host. Growth of H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 influenza viruses belonging to different lineages isolated from birds or pigs prior to 2005 was tested on MDCK or NPTr cell lines in the presence or absence of exogenous trypsin. Virus multiplication was compared at 33, 37 and 40 degrees C, the infection site temperatures in human, swine and avian hosts, respectively. Temperature sensitivity of PB2-, NP- and M-RNA replication was also tested by quantitative real-time PCR. Multiplication of avian viruses was cold-sensitive, whatever cell type. By contrast, temperature sensitivity of swine viruses was found to depend on the virus and the host cell: for an H1N1 swine isolate from 1982, multiplication was cold-sensitive on NPTr cells and undetectable at 40 degrees C. From genetic analyses, it appears that temperature sensitivity could involve other residues than PB2 residue 627 and could affect other steps of the replication cycle than replication.
Über einige, den Cumaranring enthaltende Tocole (1948)

Abstract Es wurden 3 Tocopherol‐ähnliche Verbindungen mit Cumaranringen anstelle von Chromanringen synthetisch hergestellt und auf Vitamin E‐Wirkung geprüft. Sie erwiesen sich erheblich weniger wirksam als die verwandten Chromane.
Use of a New Bioassay to Study Pentamidine Pharmacokinetics (1985)

Journal Article Use of a New Bioassay to Study Pentamidine Pharmacokinetics Get access Edward M. Bernard, Edward M. Bernard From the Microbiology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Harrison J. Donnelly, Harrison J. Donnelly From the Microbiology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maureen P. Maher, Maureen P. Maher From the Microbiology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Donald Armstrong Donald Armstrong From the Microbiology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 152, Issue 4, October 1985, Pages 750–754, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/152.4.750 Published: 01 October 1985 Article history Received: 28 January 1985 Revision received: 15 April 1985 Published: 01 October 1985
Two-Dimensional analysis of proteins secreted bySaccharomyces cerevisiae regenerating protoplasts: a novel approach to study the cell wall (1999)

Protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae incubated in regenerating conditions secrete cell wall components in order to allow the biosynthesis of this structure. During the first hours of incubation, many of these are not retained in the forming cell wall but remain in the medium. We have developed a method for collecting the secreted proteins and have analysed these by two-dimensional electrophoresis to obtain a reference map of putative cell wall proteins. Several proteins were identified by microsequencing or immunoblotting; namely, cell wall hydrolytic enzymes, heat shock proteins, glycolytic enzymes and others. Some beta-1,3- and beta-1, 6-glucosylation was detected in the proteins secreted by regenerating protoplasts.
Review of multidimensional data processing approaches for Raman and infrared spectroscopy (2015)

Raman and Infrared (IR) spectroscopies provide information about the structure, functional groups and environment of the molecules in the sample. In combination with a microscope, these techniques can also be used to study molecular distributions in heterogeneous samples. Over the past few decades Raman and IR microspectroscopy based techniques have been extensively used to understand fundamental biology and responses of living systems under diverse physiological and pathological conditions. The spectra from biological systems are complex and diverse, owing to their heterogeneous nature consisting of bio-molecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates etc. Sometimes minor differences may contain critical information. Therefore, interpretation of the results obtained from Raman and IR spectroscopy is difficult and to overcome these intricacies and for deeper insight we need to employ various data mining methods. These methods must be suitable for handling large multidimensional data sets and for exploring the complete spectral information simultaneously. The effective implementation of these multivariate data analysis methods requires the pretreatment of data. The preprocessing of raw data helps in the elimination of noise (unwanted signals) and the enhancement of discriminating features. This review provides an outline of the state-of-the-art data processing tools for multivariate analysis and the various preprocessing methods that are widely used in Raman and IR spectroscopy including imaging for better qualitative and quantitative analysis of biological samples.
The simultaneous use of three machine speech recognition systems to increase recognition accuracy (2002)

Two studies were performed to test the ability of three different automated speech recognition devices working in parallel, along with an Enhanced Majority Rules (EMR) software algorithm, to obtain a combined speech recognition accuracy better than the accuracies produced by each of the individual systems alone. The first experiment, using a rather simple, robust vocabulary, compared the recognition accuracy of the three individual systems with the accuracy obtained by combining the data from all three systems using the EMR algorithm. The second experiment made the same comparison, but a more difficult, non-robust vocabulary was used during testing. Results from both experiments revealed a significant increase in speech recognition accuracy obtained by combining the recognition data from all three systems in the EMR algorithm when compared with two of the three speech recognition systems. The third system, a newer-generation recognition device, performed as well as all three used in concert. The implications of using intelligent software and multiple speech recognition devices to improve speech recognition accuracy are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Radiological Physics Characteristics of the Extracted Heavy Ion Beams of the Bevatron (1971)

Studies of the depth-ionization properties and the biological effects of heavy ion beams produced at the bevatron have extended work previously done with less energetic beams from other sources. Results indicate that heavy ion beams are suitable for tumor therapy, studies relating to space biology, and fundamental radiobiology.
Rule condition testing and action execution in Ariel (1992)

This paper describes testing of rule conditions and execution of rule actions in Ariel active DBMS. The Ariel rule system is tightly coupled with query and update processing. Ariel rules can have conditions based on a mix of patterns, events, and transitions. For testing rule conditions, Ariel makes use of a discrimination network composed of a special data structure for testing single-relation selection conditions efficiently, and a modified version of the TREAT algorithm, called A-TREAT, for testing join conditions. The key modification to TREAT (which could also be used in the Rete algorithm) is the use of virtual α-memory nodes which save storage since they contain only the predicate associated with the memory node instead of copies of data matching the predicate. The rule-action executor in Ariel binds the data matching a rule's condition to the action of the rule at rule fire time, and executes the rule action using the query processor.
Internal Ca2+ mobilization is altered in fibroblasts from patients with Alzheimer disease. (1994)

The recent demonstration of K+ channel dysfunction in fibroblasts from Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and past observations of Ca(2+)-mediated K+ channel modulation during memory storage suggested that AD, which is characterized by memory loss and other cognitive deficits, might also involve dysfunction of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Bombesin-induced Ca2+ release, which is inositol trisphosphate-mediated, is shown here to be greatly enhanced in AD fibroblasts compared with fibroblasts from control groups. Bradykinin, another activator of phospholipase C, elicits similar enhancement of Ca2+ signaling in AD fibroblasts. By contrast, thapsigargin, an agent that releases Ca2+ by direct action on the endoplasmic reticulum, produced no differences in Ca2+ increase between AD and control fibroblasts. Depolarization-induced Ca2+ influx data previously demonstrated the absence of between-group differences of Ca2+ pumping and/or buffering. There was no correlation between the number of passages in tissue culture and the observed Ca2+ responses. Furthermore, cells of all groups were seeded and analyzed at the same densities. Radioligand binding experiments indicated that the number and affinity of bombesin receptors cannot explain the observed differences. These and previous observations suggest that the differences in bombesin and bradykinin responses in fibroblasts and perhaps other cell types are likely to be due to alteration of inositol trisphosphate-mediated release of intracellular Ca2+.
Public IPv4-over-IPv6 Access Network (2013)

This document describes a mechanism called Public 4over6, which is
designed to provide IPv4 Internet connectivity over an IPv6 access
network using global IPv4 addresses. Public 4over6 was developed in
the IETF and is in use in some existing deployments but is not
recommended for new deployments. Future deployments of similar
scenarios should use Lightweight 4over6. Public 4over6 follows the Hub
and Spoke softwire model and uses an IPv4-in-IPv6 tunnel to forward
IPv4 packets over an IPv6 access network. The bidirectionality of the
IPv4 communication is achieved by explicitly allocating global non-
shared IPv4 addresses to end users and by maintaining IPv4-IPv6
address binding on the border relay. Public 4over6 aims to provide
uninterrupted IPv4 services to users, like Internet Content Providers
(ICPs), etc., while an operator makes the access network transition to
an IPv6-only access network.
Trifluoroacetamides from Amino Alcohols as Nucleophilic Trifluoromethylating Reagents (2003)

In memory of
Synthesis and luminescence of Mn-doped Cs<sub>2</sub>AgInCl<sub>6</sub> double perovskites (2018)

Metal halide double perovskites (DPs) are being explored as stable and non-toxic alternatives of Pb-halide perovskites. Typically DPs exhibit a wide (>2.5 eV) and/or indirect bandgap, limiting their applications in the visible region. Here we impart the visible-light emission property in direct bandgap Cs2AgInCl6 DPs by doping Mn2+ ions. Synthesis, characterization and luminescence of metal halide double perovskites are reported.
Toward sub 1 V analog integrated circuits in submicron standard CMOS technologies (2002)

Lower channel lengths lead to lower supply voltages. For 0.25 /spl mu/m MOSTs the supply voltage is 2.5 V. Even lower supply voltages will follow. This paper deals with analog integrated circuits that can handle the reduction of the supply voltage down to 1 V. Existing solutions for such low supply voltages are: 1) reduction of threshold voltages from 0.7 V to 0.3-0.4 V; 2) use of voltage multipliers. It is possible to reduce supply voltages to 1 V in standard CMOS without voltage multipliers. The advent of deep submicron CMOS dictates reduced supply voltage.
Development of New EBV-Based Vectors for Stable Expression of Small Interfering RNA to Mimick Human Syndromes: Application to <i>NER</i> Gene Silencing (2005)

We developed and characterized replicative small interfering RNA (siRNA) vectors for efficient, specific, and long-term gene silencing in human cells. We created stable XPA(KD) and XPC(KD) (knockdown) syngeneic cell lines to mimic human cancer-prone syndromes. We also silenced (HSA)KIN17. Several clones displaying undetectable protein levels of XPA, XPC, or (HSA)kin17 were grown for more than 300 days. This stability of gene silencing over several months of culture allows us to assess the specific involvement of these proteins in UVC sensitivity in syngeneic cells. Unlike XPA, (HSA)KIN17, and XPC gene silencing dramatically impeded HeLa cell growth for several weeks after transfection. As expected, XPA(KD) and XPC(KD) HeLa cells were highly UVC sensitive. They presented an impaired unscheduled DNA synthesis after UVC irradiation. Interestingly, XPC(KD) HeLa clones were more sensitive to UVC than their XPA(KD) or KIN17(KD) counterparts. Hygromycin B withdrawal led to the total disappearance of EBV vectors and the resumption of normal XPA or XPC protein levels. Whereas reverted XPA(KD) cells recovered a normal UVC sensitivity, XPC(KD) cells remained highly sensitive, suggestive of irreversible damage following long-term XPC silencing. Our results show that in HeLa cells, (HSA)kin17 participates indirectly in early events following UVC irradiation, and XPC deficiency strongly affects cell physiology and contributes to UVC sensitivity to a greater extent than does XPA. EBV-based siRNA vectors improve the interest of siRNA by permitting long-term gene silencing without the safety concerns inherent in viral-based siRNA vehicles.