gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sphere Detection in MIMO Communication Systems with Imperfect Channel State Information (2008)

Capacity of wireless communication systems can be increased enormously using arrays of antenna at transmitter and receiver. In these so called multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication systems, the performance of symbol detection methods is tightly related to the channel knowledge at the receiver side. Practically, the channel information at the receiver is subjected to error because of the outdated data, quantization error, and imperfect channel estimation/measurement. It is known that in the case of imperfect channel knowledge, performance of symbol detection in MIMO communication systems may severely degrades. In this paper, we briefly address the effect of channel estimation error on the performance of sphere detector in MIMO communication systems. We analytically propose and study two detection methods to improve the performance of sphere detector when the channel matrix is imperfectly known at receiver. In our proposed robust method, the sphere detection algorithm is modified while a small computational complexity is added to the detector.
Magnetic Bead Purification of Labeled DNA Fragments for High-Throughput Capillary Electrophoresis Sequencing (2002)

We have developed an automated purification method for dye-terminator-based DNA sequencing products using a magnetic bead approach. This 384-well protocol generates sequence fragments that are essentially free of template DNA, salt, and excess dye-terminator products. In comparison with traditional ethanol precipitation protocols, this method uses no centrifugation, is rapid, completely automated, and increases the phred-20 read length by an average of 40 bases. To date, we have processed over 4 million samples with 94% averaging 641 phred-20 bases on the MegaBACE 1000 and 4000 and the ABI PRISM 3700 capillary instruments.
Encoding messages using chaotic synchronization (1996)

We discuss a general approach for chaotic synchronization of dynamical systems that is based on an active-passive decomposition (APD) of given dynamical systems. It is shown how this approach can be used to construct high-dimensional synchronizing systems in a systematic way using low-dimensional systems as building blocks. Furthermore, two methods for encoding messages are considered that are both based on synchronization. Using these methods the quality of the reconstructed information signal is higher and the encoding is more secure compared to other encryption methods based on synchronization. The main ideas are illustrated using experimental and numerical examples based on continuous and discrete dynamical systems.
Image matching using local symmetry features (2012)

We present a new technique for extracting local features from images of architectural scenes, based on detecting and representing local symmetries. These new features are motivated by the fact that local symmetries, at different scales, are a fundamental characteristic of many urban images, and are potentially more invariant to large appearance changes than lower-level features such as SIFT. Hence, we apply these features to the problem of matching challenging pairs of photos of urban scenes. Our features are based on simple measures of local bilateral and rotational symmetries computed using local image operations. These measures are used both for feature detection and for computing descriptors. We demonstrate our method on a challenging new dataset containing image pairs exhibiting a range of dramatic variations in lighting, age, and rendering style, and show that our features can improve matching performance for this difficult task.
T lymphocytes potentiate endogenous neuroprotective inflammation in a mouse model of ALS (2008)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset, progressive, motor neuron degenerative disease, in which the role of inflammation is not well established. Innate and adaptive immunity were investigated in the CNS of the Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1)(G93A) transgenic mouse model of ALS. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrated SOD1(G93A) spinal cords during disease progression. Cell-specific flow cytometry and gene expression profiling showed significant phenotypic changes in microglia, including dendritic cell receptor acquisition, and expression of genes linked to neuroprotection, cholesterol metabolism and tissue remodeling. Microglia dramatically up-regulated IGF-1 and down-regulated IL-6 expression. When mutant SOD1 mice were bred onto a TCRbeta deficient background, disease progression was significantly accelerated at the symptomatic stage. In addition, microglia reactivity and IGF-1 levels were reduced in spinal cords of SOD1(G93A) (TCRbeta-/-) mice. These results indicate that T cells play an endogenous neuroprotective role in ALS by modulating a beneficial inflammatory response to neuronal injury.
Helgon: extending the retrieval by reformulation paradigm (1989)

People who attempt to use a complex information store on a computer encounter a number of problems: They do not know what information exists or how to find information, they get no support in articulating a question, and they are unable to phrase their question in terms that the system understands. Helgon, an intelligent environment that supports limited cooperative problem solving, helps people deal with complex information stores. Helgon supports retrieval and editing by reformulation with multiple specification techniques, and it acquaints the user with the system model of the information store. Within the current Helgon system, a number of different information stores have been implemented. Empirical evaluations have shown that Helgon supports effective communication. In addition, the evaluations have shown interesting extensions for future work.
CAD/CAE integration framework with layered software architecture (2009)

By introducing an open-sourced CAD abstraction component common geometry module (CGM) as the integration middleware, a three-layer scheme is implemented to integrate our CAE software high end digital prototyping (HEDP) with mainstream CAD software. The major advantages of a layered software design are two-folded for CAE software developers. One is to provide unified interfaces with the differences of currently available CAD products hided. The other is to encapsulate common services relevant to geometry in the integration middleware. Both advantages could help alleviate development burdens greatly. Moreover, this paper will introduce three important functionalities for CAE systems built on the integration middleware, i.e. data transfer, defeaturing and virtual geometry operations with some practical examples. The above work consists of our preliminary efforts for the research of a third-party CAD/CAE integration middleware neutral for any CAD and CAE products.
[Choice of the optimal method of numerical analysis in taxonometric study of mollicutes based on electrophoresis of their proteins]. (1989)

Different procedures of numerical analysis are evaluated to select the most convenient of them for processing the results of mycoplasm protein electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel (EPAAG) when solving problems of their taxonomy and systematics. This aim is satisfied most of all by the method of Sokal which permits revealing relations at the rank of species, genus and higher taxons. This method as well as the approaches developed by the authors for transforming results of EPAAG of proteins into the numerical form are recommended to improve the systematics of mollicutes with application of computers.
The Relationship Between Salivary Growth Factors, Electrolytes and Abnormal Sodium Transport in Human Hypertension (1994)

We have previously shown cheek cell Na+/H+ antiporter activity to be reduced in human hypertensives. We have now examined the relationship between abnormal antiporter activity and a variety of salivary factors. Total protein concentration and amylase activity were higher in hypertensives, but salivary flow rate and epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, calcium, and magnesium concentrations were not significantly different between hypertensives and normotensives. The lowered cheek cell Na+/H+ antiporter activity in those hypertensives with diastolic BP greater than 95 mmHg was accompanied by lowered salivary Na+/H+ ratios. In borderline hypertensives (diastolic BP between 90 and 95 mmHg), the Na+/H+ ratio was reduced to a similar extent to that seen in those hypertensives with a diastolic BP above 95 mmHg, however the cheek cell antiporter activity was not reduced, suggesting that these two differences are not related in a simple fashion in all hypertensives. It is concluded that it is unlikely that differences in salivary growth factors explain the lowered cheek cell Na+/H+ antiporter activity observed in human hypertension. Our findings indicate that salivary electrolyte composition may be related to cheek cell Na+/H+ antiporter activity and these parameters may be altered in hypertension.
Alternative Pre-mRNA Splicing Governs Expression of a Conserved Acidic Transactivation Domain in Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 Factors of Striated Muscle and Brain (2005)

Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors play pivotal roles in striated muscle, neuron, and lymphocyte gene expression and are targets of stress- and calcium-mediated signaling. All MEF2 gene products have a common DNA binding and dimerization domain, but MEF2 transcripts are alternatively spliced among coding exons to produce splicing isoforms. In vertebrate MEF2A, -C, and -D, a splice versus no-splice option gives forms that include or exclude a short domain that we designate beta. We show that mRNAs containing beta are expressed predominantly in striated muscle and brain and that splicing to include beta is induced during myocyte differentiation. MEF2 beta+ isoforms are more robust than beta- forms in activating MEF2-responsive reporters despite similar expression levels. One-hybrid transcription assays using Gal4-MEF2 fusions show similar distinctions in the transactivation produced by beta+ versus beta- isoforms in all cell types tested, including myocytes. beta function is position-independent and exists in all MEF2 splicing variant contexts. The activity is not due to cis effects on MEF2 DNA binding or dimerization nor are established transcription factor or coactivator interactions involved. Each MEF2 beta domain contains multiple acidic residues, mutation of which abolishes function. Despite a location between the p38 MAPK docking domain and Thr phosphoacceptors of MEF2A and MEF2C, inclusion of beta does not influence responses of these factors to this signaling pathway. Thus, a conserved pattern of alternative splicing in vertebrate MEF2 genes generates an acidic activation domain in MEF2 proteins selectively in tissues where MEF2 target genes are highly expressed.
Review of biologically significant caves and their faunas in Florida and South Georgia (1994)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Language and Computers (1986)

Language, writing, and the computer, as Wang (1986) states, must rank among the highest of our most important inventions since each has profoundly determined the development of the human species. There have been numerous interactions among these three types of human institutions. Writing, of course, is largely a reflection of language. Since its inception four decades ago, the computer has depended on various forms of language and writing to communicate with its human creators. Some of these forms were specially invented programming languages for a small breed of people.
Rapid sequencing of cloned DNA using a transposon for bidirectional priming: sequence of the<i>Escherichia coli</i>K-12<i>avtA</i>gene (1987)

A new approach to determining the sequence of cloned DNA is described. Unique regions near each end of the transposable element gamma-delta provide a pair of "portable" primer-specific sites for bidirectional sequencing by the dideoxy chain termination method. A set of gamma-delta insertions positioned about 200 bp apart over the entire cloned DNA allowed us to determine the sequence of both strands in a single parental plasmid without subcloning. The avtA (alanine-valine transaminase) gene of E. coli K-12 was sequenced by this approach. Surprisingly, gamma-delta insertions downstream of the coding region were found to significantly reduce avtA expression. We suggest that these nondisruptive insertions probably change the DNA topology and thereby alter gene expression.
Paradoxical Anti-Inflammatory Actions of TNF-α: Inhibition of IL-12 and IL-23 via TNF Receptor 1 in Macrophages and Dendritic Cells (2005)

IL-12 and TNF-alpha are central proinflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages and dendritic cells. Disregulation of TNF-alpha is associated with sepsis and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, new evidence suggests an anti-inflammatory role for TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha-treated murine macrophages produced less IL-12p70 and IL-23, after stimulation with IFN-gamma and LPS. Frequency of IL-12p40-producing macrophages correspondingly decreased as measured by intracellular cytokine staining. IL-12p40 production was also inhibited in dendritic cells. TNFR1 was established as the main receptor involved in IL-12p40 regulation, because IL-12p40 levels were not affected by TNF-alpha in TNFR1(-/-)-derived macrophages. Macrophages activated during Listeria monocytogenes infection were more susceptible to inhibition by TNF-alpha than cells from naive animals, which suggests a regulatory role for TNF-alpha in later stages of infection. This nonapoptotic anti-inflammatory regulation of IL-12 and IL-23 is an important addition to the multitude of TNF-alpha-induced responses determined by cell-specific receptor signaling.
Leaching Chemistry and the Performance of the Mo<sub>6</sub>S<sub>8</sub> Cathodes in Rechargeable Mg Batteries (2004)

The influence of leaching chemistry on the performance of Mo6S8 cathodes for rechargeable Mg batteries was studied by XRD, XPS, and electrochemical methods. It is shown that Cu2Mo6S8, chemically leached in I2/AN (acetonitrile) or in HCl/H2O, is able to accommodate the theoretical amount of Mg2+ ions upon the first discharge of the electrode (two Mg atoms per formula unit). In contrast, the process of Mg extraction upon charging the electrode cannot be completed at room temperature, resulting in capacity loss between the first and subsequent cycles. Electrochemical experiments at elevated temperatures reveal that the capacity loss is not related to the leaching process, but results from an intrinsic kinetic problem of the Mg extraction from the MgMo6S8 phase. Despite the initial capacity loss, the materials leached in I2/AN or in HCl/H2O show excellent stability upon long-term cycling, with a specific capacity of 90−100 mA·h/g.
Walter-Jürgen Klempt, Die Grundlagen der Sachmängelhaftung des Verkäufers im Vernunftrecht und Usus modernus (1969)

Article Walter-Jürgen Klempt, Die Grundlagen der Sachmängelhaftung des Verkäufers im Vernunftrecht und Usus modernus was published on August 1, 1969 in the journal Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung (volume 86, issue 1).
A Two-level Information Filtering Model in Generating Warning Information (2007)

Information filtering is an important component in warning systems. This paper proposes a two-level information filtering model for generating warning information. In this model, information is represented by n-tuple, whose elements are values of information features. The features of information are divided into critical and uncritical features. Within this model, the collected information is filtered in two stages by users at different levels. At the first stage, exceptions are separated from normal information. And at the second stage, critical exceptions are separated from uncritical information. To illustration the proposed model, an example is discussed
A novel NAND Flash memory controller compatible with asynchronous and source synchronous data types (2012)

NAND Flash memory is one of the most popular memory storages which can provide two different data types - the asynchronous type and the source synchronous type. But most of the current NAND Flash controllers can only support one of these two types. This leads to incompatible in some data storage applications. This paper proposes a new circuitry structure which can support both of the source synchronous type and the asynchronous type. The circuitry is implemented in Verilog HDL and the FPGA prototype verification scheme is designed base on the Xilinx Virtex-5 XC5VLX330 platform. The prototype verification results denote that in the asynchronous data interface type, the read speed is 54.23Mb/s and the write speed is 24.12Mb/s, and in the source synchronous data interface type, the read speed reaches 96.54Mb/s and the write speed reaches 47.22Mb/s. The layout design has been accomplished with TSMC 0.13um CMOS process using Design Compiler. The area of this design is 31217.4μm2, the dynamic power is 764.523μw and the leakage power is 0.087μw.
Newperson's Privilege in California: The Controversy and Resolution (1977)

This Note explores the struggle between the bench and the press concerning the court's authority to discover a newsperson's confidential source. The problem is examined in depth by means of interviews in California conducted by the author. A proposed federal shield bill, which reflects California decisions, is applied to three recent California cases.
Stability and stabilization of the lattice Boltzmann method (2007)

We revisit the classical stability versus accuracy dilemma for the lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM). Our goal is a stable method of second-order accuracy for fluid dynamics based on the lattice Bhatnager-Gross-Krook method (LBGK). The LBGK scheme can be recognized as a discrete dynamical system generated by free flight and entropic involution. In this framework the stability and accuracy analysis are more natural. We find the necessary and sufficient conditions for second-order accurate fluid dynamics modeling. In particular, it is proven that in order to guarantee second-order accuracy the distribution should belong to a distinguished surface--the invariant film (up to second order in the time step). This surface is the trajectory of the (quasi)equilibrium distribution surface under free flight. The main instability mechanisms are identified. The simplest recipes for stabilization add no artificial dissipation (up to second order) and provide second-order accuracy of the method. Two other prescriptions add some artificial dissipation locally and prevent the system from loss of positivity and local blowup. Demonstration of the proposed stable LBGK schemes are provided by the numerical simulation of a one-dimensional (1D) shock tube and the unsteady 2D flow around a square cylinder up to Reynolds number Re approximately 20,000.
Power Distribution System Planning for Smart Grid Applications using ANN (2011)

Although Smart grid applications increases rapidly but still the clear definition of smart grid varies according to different grasps of the matter. Basically, the smart grids will be characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information and will be capable of monitoring everything from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliance. In fact, finding the suitable scheme to approach a reliable distribution system to overcome all expected changes and applications due to the smart grid is a very crucial and wise task. In this paper an operational scheme for a better performance of the power distribution system in the presence of distributed generation (DG) has been proposed. An artificial intelligence technique has been introduced in form of artificial neural network (ANN) for voltage monitoring and generation output optimization. The results show an efficient utilization of neural network which results in more controllable and observable power distribution system.
Condition monitoring system for power transformers (2002)

The lifetime consumption of oil immersed power transformers mainly depends on its load. To take special attention on the behavior of power transformers, a monitoring system was developed. The system measures the current load, the voltage, some typical temperatures, the tap changer position and the state of fans and pumps of all cooling units. Additionally, the output signals of a gas-in-oil sensor and an oil humidity sensor are evaluated. This paper describes the both the hardware setup and the monitoring algorithms used in the system. In order to determine the winding temperature distribution with improved accuracy, a thermal model has been designed.
Dynamic scan: driving down the cost of test (2002)

Two factors primarily drive the soaring cost of semiconductor test: the number of test patterns applied to each chip and the time it takes to run each pattern. Typical semiconductor testing for each chip involves a set of 1,000 to 5,000 test patterns. These tests are applied through scan chains that operate at about 25 MHz. Depending on the size of the scan chains on the chip, a set of test patterns can take a few seconds to execute per chip. It's easy to see that even a small decrease in either the number of patterns or the time to execute them can quickly add up to big savings across millions of fabricated chips. This potential savings forms the basis for dynamic scan, a new approach to the well-established scan test methodology. The authors initial studies indicate that dynamic scan could easily reduce the time spent applying test patterns by 40 percent. A more theoretical analysis shows a potential savings of as much as 80 percent.
X-ray induced luminescence, photoluminescence and thermoluminescence of Bi<sub>4</sub>Ge<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (1985)

X-ray induced luminescence, photoluminescence and thermoluminescence of nominally pure Bi4Ge3O12 crystals are studied within the 12K-295K temperature range. The broad emission band reported by other workers for radio- and photoluminescence is observed to present some structure. thermoluminescence spectra exhibit eight major glow peaks whose wavelength spectra present a structure similar to that of radio-and photoluminescence emissions. This structure is discussed in terms of Bi3+ intra-ionic transitions.
Peacocks, ploughs and porcupines. The plight of the peacock moraeas : feature, Veld & Flora, 91(4) 2005, pp.185-187 : erratum (2006)

Peacocks, ploughs and porcupines. The plight of the peacock moraeas : feature, Veld & Flora, 91(4) 2005, pp.185-187
Hemoglobin Autoxldation Under High Oxygen Pressure -Effect of Inositol Hexaphosphate (1981)

Hemoglobin A in 0.05 M bis-tris buffer was autoxidized under various oxygen pressures from 0.21 (oxygen pressure in air) to 8 atmospheres at pHs 6.5 and 8.5. All experiments were carried out without and with 5 molar excess of inositol hexaphosphate/heme at 37 degrees C. It is shown that increasing the oxygen pressure from 0.21 to 1 atmosphere decreases the autoxidation rate to about 80% whereas increasing the oxygen pressure further to 8 atmospheres has a reverse effect. This phenomenon is observed at both acid and alkaline pHs, although it is less marked at the latter pH. The stimulating effect of inositol hexaphosphate on the autoxidation is abolished at high oxygen pressure. It is suggested that moderate elevation of the oxygen pressure above the atmospheric pressure stabilizes further the hemoglobin R conformation which decreases the autoxidation rate. At very high oxygen pressure, the oxidizing potential of oxygen oxidizes the oxyhemoglobin directly in the R conformation. The maximal shift of hemoglobin T in equilibrium with R conformational equilibrium towards R conformation interferes with the binding of inositol hexaphosphate and hence abolishes its effect.