gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Probiotic potential of<i>Lactobacillus</i>spp. isolated from Brazilian regional ovine cheese (2012)

Twelve Lactobacillus isolates from Brazilian starter-free ovine cheeses were evaluated for their probiotic potential. The strains were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as Lactobacillus plantarum (7), Lb. brevis (2), Lb. casei (2) and Lb. parabuchneri (1). All strains showed variable resistance to gastric juices and relative tolerance to pancreatin and bile salts. Only five strains of Lb. plantarum could not deconjugate the sodium salt of taurodeoxycholic acid. Autoaggregation ability after 24 h was above 50% and hydrophobicity was higher than 60% for most strains. All lactobacilli could inhibit linolenic acid oxidation, except Lb. parabuchneri strain, whereas none of them could scavenge DPPH radical. β-Galactosidase activity ranged from 47·7 to 2503 Miller units. Inhibition of food pathogens Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium was demonstrated and the production of organic acids could be associated with this effect. The Lactobacillus strains from Brazilian regional ovine cheese showed interesting functional characteristics, mainly the strains Lb. brevis SM-B and Lb. plantarum SM-I. Both presented high acid tolerance. In addition, Lb. brevis SM-B also displayed remarkable antioxidant activity and Lb. plantarum SM-I was the highest β-galactosidase producer, exhibited high autoaggregation and hydrophobicity properties.
Introduction: Chaucer’s Feminine Subjects: Feminism, Deconstruction, Psychoanalysis (2012)

What difference would it make to include Chaucer's feminine subjects within a history of modern subjectivity? How might Chaucer's writing be said to expose the limits of a master narrative of early modernity that begins with Shakespeare and Hamlet? At a moment when the neglect of the late Middle Ages in histories of subjectivity has become a critical commonplace, scholars continue to explore medieval writing that puts critical pressure to bear on traditional social and theo-centric identities, fashioning new ways of speaking about particularity and difference. Within medieval English studies, a number of critical efforts to situate Chaucer on the map of early modern subjectivity have brought into focus the strength and lucidity of the feminine self in his work. The English poet, with varying degrees of self-consciousness and consistency, is said to represent women who articulate and insist on their own desires. As figures of critical self-consciousness, these feminine subjects give evidence of exemplary self-fashioning and agency.KeywordsFeminist TheoryPsychoanalytic TheoryQueer TheoryMaster NarrativePoststructuralist TheoryThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Effects of the central analgesic tramadol on the uptake and release of noradrenaline and dopamine<i>in vitro</i> (1993)

1. The centrally acting analgesic, tramadol, has low affinity for opioid receptors and therefore presumably other mechanisms of analgesic action. Neurotransmitter release and uptake experiments were used to characterize the effects of tramadol on the central noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems. 2. Tramadol inhibited the uptake of [3H]-noradrenaline into purified rat hypothalamic synaptosomes with an IC50 of 2.8 microM; the (-)-enantiomer was about ten times more potent than the (+)-enantiomer. Results with the principal metabolite O-desmethyltramadol were very similar. Inhibition of dopamine uptake into purified rabbit caudate nucleus synaptosomes was very weak with 62% inhibition of 100 microM. 3. Rat occipital cortex slices were preincubated with [3H]-noradrenaline and rabbit caudate nucleus slices with [3H]-dopamine, then superfused and stimulated electrically. Tramadol, 1 and 10 microM, enhanced the stimulation-evoked [3H]-noradrenaline overflow by 25 and 69%, respectively; the (-)-enantiomer was more potent than the racemate or the (+)-enantiomer. Tramadol, 10 microM, had no effect on dopamine release. 4. The effects of tramadol on the stimulation-evoked [3H]-noradrenaline release were abolished when uptake sites were already blocked by a high concentration of cocaine. 5. The metabolite O-desmethyltramadol showed a slight facilitation of the stimulation-evoked noradrenaline release; the effect was more pronounced in the presence of a high concentration of naloxone. In the presence of cocaine, inhibition of the release was observed similar to the effect of morphine but less potent. 6. The results show that tramadol blocks noradrenaline uptake with selectivity as compared to dopamine uptake. The interaction with the noradrenaline transporter is stereoselective. The principal metabolite O-desmethyltramadol shows in addition to noradrenaline uptake inhibition, opioid inhibition of noradrenaline release.
Current trends in ophthalmic anesthesia. The Second Walter S. Atkinson Lecture. (1975)

General anesthesia permits surgery involving large operative fields without limit to time. It is essential in children and uncooperative adults and provides an immobile, quiet patient who does not recall the operative procedure. Local and regional anesthesia re indicated when the surgical field is limited in size and extent. Neuroleptanesthesia in ophthalmology usually involves the administration of droperidol followed by fentanyl followed in intubation, sometimes using a muscle relaxant, and maintenance of anesthesia with nitrous oxide. The terrifying dreams produced by ketamine may be minimized by preoperative administration of diazepam and a quiet recovery period. Attempts to eliminate the oculocardiac reflex are unpredictable and unreliable and, with careful monitoring of anesthesia, elimination does not seem essential. Malignant hyperthermia is an autosomal dominant disorder occurring mainly with the administration of halogenated fluoroethane and depolarizing muscle relaxants. It is often signaled by sudden and prolonged muscle spasm following the injection of the muscle relaxant. Treatment must be directed toward hyperventilation using oxygen, correction of the metabolic respiratory acidosis, and reduction of fever.
A Frequency-Routed Satellite System Concept using Multiple Orthogonally-Polarized Beams for Frequency Reuse (1983)

The paper outlines the design concepts of a multibeam frequency-division multiplexed satelite system which is accessed by many moderatelysized earth stations. Each satellite beam uses either horizontal or vertical polarization for better interbeam isolation and greater frequency reuse. Instead of treating the usual model of uniformly positioned equal-traffic centers covered by regularly spaced spot beams, the paper analyzes a realistic non-uniform traffic distribution. The topics discussed include the optimum beam size; beam isolation; a connected graph presentation of the multiple beams; orthogonal polarization assignment to beams; the concept of beam groups, which yields a simple transponder design; and the establishment of a frequency plan which provides interference-free band assignments. An example that illustrates the concepts involves 20 closely spaced traffic centers which are covered with 10 spot beams of horizontal and vertical polarization; a relatively simple transponder and careful frequency assignment yield a 2.15 times reuse of the bandwidth apportionment. A more substantial bandwidth increase will be obtained in situations that employ a larger number of beams.
Effects of TGFβ on Normal and Malignant Mammary Epithelium (1990)

The goal of our research was to determine the effects of TGF beta on differentiation and growth of normal and malignant breast epithelial cells. The influence of TGF beta on differentiation was studied in a series of normal, immortalized, and oncogene-transformed human mammary epithelial cells. The expression of human milk fat globule antigen as differentiation marker was increased ten- to fifteenfold in normal cells and two to threefold in transformed cells after treatment with 200 pM TGF beta for 30 h. All cell lines except one were growth inhibited by TGF beta. Using the estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell lines MCF7, ZR-75-1, T-47D, and the estrogen receptor-negative lines MDA-MB-231, SK-BR-3, Hs578T, MDA-MB-468, we found that all tested cell lines except late passage (greater than 500) MCF7 cells were growth inhibited by TGF beta 1 as well as TGF beta 2. The maximal inhibition was 50% in estrogen receptor-positive and 80% in estrogen receptor-negative cell lines at concentrations of 800 and 40 pM, respectively in an anchorage-independent growth assay. All tested breast cancer cell lines secreted a TGF beta-like activity, the production of which was stimulated in MCF7 cells treated with antiestrogens and which inhibited the anchorage-independent growth of MDA-MB-231 cells. These observations suggest that the malignant phenotype in breast cancer need not be coupled with resistance to effects of TGF beta on growth and differentiation. Breast cancer cells being resistant to treatment with antiestrogens are still growth inhibited by TGF beta in vitro. This may partially explain the growth inhibitory effects of antiestrogens in mixtures of estrogen receptor-positive and -negative tumor cell populations in vivo.
Fc receptors and their influence on efficacy of therapeutic antibodies for treatment of viral diseases (2015)

The lack of vaccines against several important viral diseases necessitates the development of therapeutics to save lives and control epidemics. In recent years, therapeutic antibodies have received considerable attention due to their good safety profiles and clinical success when used against viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus, Ebola virus and Hendra virus. The binding affinity of these antibodies can directly impact their therapeutic efficacy. However, we and others have also demonstrated that the subtype of Fc-gamma receptors (FcγRs) engaged influences the stoichiometric requirement for virus neutralization. Hence, the development of therapeutic antibodies against infectious diseases should consider the FcγRs engaged and Fc-effector functions involved. This review highlights the current state of knowledge about FcγRs and FcγR effector functions involved in virus neutralization, with emphasis on factors that can affect FcγR engagement. A better understanding of Fc-FcγR interactions during virus neutralization will allow development of therapeutic antibodies that are efficacious and can be administered with minimal side effects.
Distributed coupling in a circular dielectric disk resonator and its application to a square dielectric disk resonator to fabricate a low-profile dual-mode BPF (2002)

A novel method is proposed to calculate the distributed coupling of a circular disk resonator. New theoretical expressions are devised to calculate it and its validity is justified by FD-TD analysis and experiments. This coupling concept is applied to square disk resonator to calculate its resonant frequency. We have fabricated two types of low-profile dual-mode bandpass filter using square dielectric disk resonator.
Characterization of Corrosion Resistant Materials in Low and High Temperature HF Environments (1999)

Abstract A variety of hydrogen fluoride containing gases, hydrofluoric acid condensates and hydrofluoric acid aqueous solutions are encountered in petrochemical and chemical process applications. A special laboratory test system has been designed to develop stress corrosion cracking and general corrosion data for several nickel alloys in hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid environments at temperatures from 50°C to 450°C. Test results from this system and aqueous corrosion test results show Ni-Cu alloy 400 (UNS N04400) to be one of the best materials for high temperature applications and better than the ten other nickel base alloys examined in this study for resistance to general corrosion in aqueous hydrofluoric acid.
A novel method for digital monitoring of frequency deviation in power systems (1984)

A simple, precise and accurate digital technique for monitoring the normal range of frequency deviation in power systems is discussed. The method is inexpensive to implement, using readily available integrated circuits.
Interactions Among Friction, Wear, and System Stiffness—Part 2: Vibrations Induced by Dry Friction (1984)

Different types of vibrations induced by dry friction are investigated by means of a model apparatus described in Part 1. The structural model is obtained from the measurement of the modal frequencies and damping ratios of three degrees of freedom. The oscillations in the normal and frictional forces, as well as the slider vibrations, have been measured and analyzed. As the normal load is increased, four different regions of vibrations are observed corresponding to the four friction regimes discussed in a companion paper. Small oscillations are encountered at low values of the normal load and they are possibly caused by random surface irregularities. The vibration characteristics are changed when transition occurs from steady state friction. When the normal load is further increased, self-excited periodic vibrations are produced. The spectra of the oscillations are related to the modal frequencies. Self-excited vibrations are analyzed on the basis of the experimental data.
The hop constituent xanthohumol exhibits hepatoprotective effects and inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells at different levels (2015)

Xanthohumol is the principal prenylated flavonoid of the female inflorescences of the hop plant. In recent years, various beneficial xanthohumol effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic activities, and anticancer effects have been revealed. This review summarizes present studies indicating that xanthohumol also inhibits several critical pathophysiological steps during the development and course of chronic liver disease, including the activation and pro-fibrogenic genotype of hepatic stellate cells. Also the various mechanism of action and molecular targets of the beneficial xanthohumol effects will be described. Furthermore, the potential use of xanthohumol or a xanthohumol-enriched hop extract as therapeutic agent to combat the progression of chronic liver disease will be discussed. It is notable that in addition to its hepatoprotective effects, xanthohumol also holds promise as a therapeutic agent for treating obesity, dysregulation of glucose metabolism and other components of the metabolic syndrome including hepatic steatosis. Thus, therapeutic xanthohumol application appears as a promising strategy, particularly in obese patients, to inhibit the development as well as the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Synthesis of Isomeric <i>N</i>‐Benzyl Derivatives of 1,2‐Propanediamine (1980)

Abstract Benzaldehyde reacts with the 1‐amino group of 1,2‐propanediamine (1) to give a Schiff base much more readily than with the 2‐amino group. This difference permits synthesis of all the isomeric mono‐ and dibenzyl derivatives of racemic and chiral 1,2‐propanediamine (Table 1, Scheme 1).
Convex Anterior and Posterior Hemiarthrodesis and Hemiepiphyseodesis in Young Children with Progressive Congenital Scoliosis (1981)

Ten children with progressive congenital scoliosis have been treated by convex anterior and posterior epiphyseodesis and arthrodesis. The average curve was 54 degrees, the average age at surgery 3 years, 10 months, and the average follow-up 2 years, 9 months. There were no complications. The curve progression was halted in all cases, no fusion mass bending has been observed to date, and two patients have shown evidence of spontaneous curve improvement. Follow-up for several more years will be necessary before definitive conclusions can be reached.
Serum Potassium Levels and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2016)

The long interdialytic interval was associated with increased likelihood of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia was associated with all-cause mortality beginning at serum potassium ≥5.7 mEq/l; mortality risk estimates increased ordinally through ≥6.0 mEq/l, suggesting a threshold at which serum potassium becomes substantially more dangerous.
IN‐VIVO ABSORPTION OF IRON FROM TREATED BLOOD AND LIVER (1962)

SUMMARY Rats were injected with iron‐59 to obtain blood and liver labelled with this element. These materials were cooked and then some of the cooked blood and cooked liver were subjected to peptic digestion in vitro, with the production of supernatant fluids and residues. Different groups of rats were then fed each of these several substances. It was found that the rats absorbed the same amount of iron from the supernatant fluids as they did from the cooked blood or cooked liver, but very little iron was absorbed from the residues.
The California Verbal Learning Test in the detection of incomplete effort in neuropsychological evaluation. (1995)

This study determined whether performance patterns on four California Verbal Learning Test variables (CVLT ; Trials 1-5 List A, discriminability, recognition hits, and long-delay cued recall) could differentiate participants with moderate and severe brain injuries from those with mild head injuries who were giving incomplete effort. Litigating mild head injury participants (n = 23) performing at chance level or worse on a forced-choice test obtained significantly lower scores on the four CVLT variables than participants with moderate and severe brain injuries (n = 23). The linear discriminant function accurately classified 91%, and the quadratic function, 96%. The discriminability cutoff score accurately classified 93% of the cases ; recognition hits, 89% ; long-delay cued recall, 87% ; and CVLT total, 83%.
Anti‐cowpox Virus Activities of Certain Adenosine Analogs, Arabinofuranosyl Nucleosides, and 2′‐Fluoro‐arabinofuranosyl Nucleosides (2004)

Nucleoside analogs were investigated for their potential to inhibit cowpox virus (a surrogate for variola and monkeypox viruses) in cell culture and in lethal respiratory infections in mice. Cell culture antiviral activity was determined by plaque reduction assays, with cytotoxicity determined by cell proliferation assays. Selectivity indices (SI's, 50% cytotoxic concentration divided by 50% virus-inhibitory concentration) were determined for 15 compounds. Three arabinofuranosyl (Ara) nucleosides showed activity in mouse mammary tumor (C127I) cells: guanine (Ara-G), thymine (Ara-T), and adenine (Ara-A) with SI's of 113, 61, and 95, respectively. The 2'-fluoro-Ara nucleosides of 5-F-cytosine (FIAC), 5-methyluracil (FMAU), and 5-iodouracil (FIAU) exhibited SI's of 148, 77, and 29, respectively. Other potent compounds included cidofovir (a positive control) and 3'-O-methyladenosine, with SI values of 164 and 56, respectively. In general, assays performed in African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells produced lower SI's than in C127I cells, except for 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU) which had an SI of > 71 in Vero cells and 3.1 in C127I cells. Intranasal infection of mice with cowpox virus was followed a day later by twice daily intraperitoneal treatment with compounds for 5 days. Ara-A was active at 300 mg/kg/day (40% survival), FMAU at 100 mg/kg/day (70% survival), and cidofovir (given for 1 day only) at 100 mg/kg (80-100% survival). None of the other compounds, including IDU, prevented death nor delayed the time to death. Cidofovir had the best potential for treating orthopoxvirus infections of those tested.
A Framework for SLA-based cloud services verification and composition (2011)

Cloud computing is becoming a key element in service provision on the Internet. Businesses are seizing the availability of infrastructure as service to obtain cost effective infrastructure solutions. However, in businesses the power of services emerges from the ability to combine different services in order to obtain some value added services. Cloud services composition presents some challenges like, service discovery and real time service evaluation; which are addressed in this paper by introducing a primal framework that enables dynamic specification of SLAs, in addition to SLA-based verification and composition of services on the Cloud. The verification is used as input to the composition and consists of verifying the functional and non-functional properties of the cloud service under test. An ongoing prototype implementation will evaluate the verification scheme and prove its importance in composing and selecting services on the cloud.
A Nonlinear Semiactive Rear Differential Control in Rear Wheel Drive Vehicles (2006)

Many vehicle control systems are based on the yaw rate error to help the driver during oversteer and understeer conditions. The control systems usually operate on brake pressures distributions such as ESP and/or on active steering control (front and rear steering control). The main contribution of this paper is to show that vehicle dynamic performance can be improved by an electronically controlled semiactive rear differential which is based on yaw rate and rear wheel speed measurements. A nonlinear first order reference model for the yaw rate and for the rear wheels speed difference dynamics driven by the driver steering wheel input is employed. The controlled system shows new stable cornering manoeuvres and enlarged stability regions; moreover safety is increased in emergency conditions in which the driver does not react to a sudden external disturbance, since the regions of attraction are enlarged by feedback. The activation of the control law is based on Lyapunov techniques. Several simulations are carried out on a standard small SUV CarSim <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">reg</sup> car model to confirm the analysis and to explore the robustness with respect to unmodelled dynamics such pitch, roll and nonlinear combined lateral and longitudinal tire forces according to combined slip theory.
Mutational analysis of the <i>Yersinia enterocolitica virC</i> operon: characterization of <i>yscE, F, G, I, J, K</i> required for Yop secretion and <i>yscH</i> encoding YopR (1995)

Pathogenic yersiniae secrete the Yop anti-host proteins using a type-III secretion pathway. The components of the secretion machinery are encoded by three loci on the pYV plasmid: virA, virB, and virC. In this paper we describe the characterization of eight non-polar mutants of the virC locus, constructed by allelic exchange. The yscE, FG, I, J and K mutants were defective in Yop secretion and independent of Ca2+ (CI) for their growth at 37 degrees C. Substitution of the 12 N-terminal amino-acid residues of YscF impaired secretion of YopB and YopD only and led also to a CI phenotype. The culture supernatant of the yscH mutant contained all the Yops except the 18 kDa YopR. Complementation experiments and an immunoblot analysis confirmed that YopR is encoded by the yscH gene. The LD50 for the mouse of the yscH mutant was 10-fold higher than that of the parental strain indicating that YopR is involved in pathogenesis. The phenotype of the yscM mutant was similar to that of the wild-type strain. However, overproduction of YscM from a multicopy plasmid in wild-type Yersinia enterocolitica prevented Yop secretion and synthesis. A hybrid YopH-LacZ' protein, encoded by a gene transcribed from the lac promoter, was secreted by a strain overexpressing YscM, showing that the secretion machinery was still functional. These results indicate that YscM plays a role in the feedback inhibition of Yop synthesis when secretion is compromised by acting as a negative regulator of Yop synthesis.
[Induction of protective immunity against Schistosoma japonicum by pcDNA3.1/Sj20.8 nucleic acid vaccine in BALB/c mice]. (2006)

Sj20.8 gene was amplified by PCR and inserted into eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1 to construct recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/Sj20.8, which was then injected into the quadriceps femoris of the BALB/c mice. Results showed that the Sj20.8 antigen was low expressed in the local tissue of the mice, and was not able to significantly reduce eggs in the liver than in the control mice.