gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laxative abuse syndrome. (1980)

Laxative abuse syndrome (LAS) is a type of Münchausen syndrome characterized by surreptitious abuse of purgatives. Clinical findings are often perplexing and may mimic inflammatory bowel disease or malabsorption syndromes. Patients frequently complain of diarrhea alternating with constipation and may have nausea, vomiting and weight loss. Psychiatric disturbances are common and may include anorexia nervosa. Melanosis coli and cathartic colon, acid-base disturbances (usually metabolic alkalosis), sodium, potassium and water depletion, hyperuricemia, hyperaldosteronism and other electrolyte changes are possible complications. Diagnosis may be extremely difficult and may require special chemical analysis of urine and feces and search of the patient's possessions. Treatment is frustrating because the patient is rarely willing to admit to laxative abuse let alone cooperate in attempting to stop it. Physicians must be aware of the LAS in order to avoid harming the patient with extensive, expensive and often invasive (including laparotomy) procedures.
Hebersham Aboriginal Youth SAAP - Interim Service Project (2004)

This paper is a brief outline of the aims, design and development of the Hebersham Aboriginal Youth Service (HAYS), which is 'breaking new ground' in the design, governance, management and delivery of services to young Aboriginal people.3 The article contains implications and lessons for SAAP policy and practice in Aboriginal settings. In particular, the imperative to involve local Aboriginal communities in responding to their at risk/homeless members. The emerging model has the potential to set new directions in SAAP service delivery.
A Stereoselective Synthesis of <i>N</i>-[(<i>S</i>)-1-Ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenylpropyl]-<scp>l</scp>-alanine Derivatives by Means of Reductive Amination (1988)

Abstract A stereoselective synthesis of N-[(S)-1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenylpropyl]-l-alanine, a portion of the molecule of angiotensin converting-enzyme(ACE) inhibitors, by reductive amination utilizing catecholborane and further applications of the reaction to the synthesis of ACE inhibitors are described.
Evaluation of a multiple peptide assay for typing of antibodies to the hepatitis C virus: Relation to genomic typing by the polymerase chain reaction (1995)

A panel of 16 type-specific synthetic peptides corresponding to variable antigenic regions within the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core, nonstructural 4 (NS4), and NS5 proteins was synthesised. The peptide panel was used to develop an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the detection of antibodies directed to HCV type 1 (genotypes I/1a and II/1b), type 2 (genotypes III/2a and IV/2b), and type 3 (genotype V/3). The peptides corresponded to residues 68-81 of the HCV core (types 1, 2, and 3), residues 1692-1705 and 1710-1728 of HCV NS4 (types 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, and 3), and residues 2303-2319 of HCV NS5 (types 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b). The 16-peptide panel was evaluated using human sera from 46 carriers of HCV, which were genotyped in parallel by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers specific for types I, II, III, IV, and V of HCV core. Of the 46 carriers, 14 (30%) were infected by HCV genotype I, 7 (15%) by genotype II, 16 (35%) by HCV genotype IV, and 6 (13%) by HCV of genotype V. Two carriers had double infections of types I and II, and the HCV strain of one carrier could not be genotyped. Using the serotyping system, 40 (89%) out of the 45 genotyped carriers were found to contain type-specific antibodies corresponding to the genotypes identified by PCR. In 5 of the 23 carriers infected by genotypes I and/or II, antibodies specific for HCV type 1 could not be detected, whereas all 16 carriers infected by genotype IV were serologically typed as type 2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
DEFOAMERS (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDEFOAMERSRoy E. Morse and Henry V. MossCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1952, 44, 2, 346–348Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50506a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50506a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Neural networks and the human mind: new mathematics fits humanistic insight (2003)

It is asserted that the reinforcement learning or optimization designs are the only designs of values in understanding the human mind. They are the only designs capable of meaningful planning or foresight. They are also the designs which have led to the most exciting real-world applications in recent years. Within the field of optimization over time, two classes of design have proven useful in practice: (1) direct optimization, using generalized backpropagation to calculate derivatives of utility or performance or cost: and (2) adaptive critic designs, which approximate dynamic programming. After a brief review of neurocontrol and an explanation of reinforcement learning, the author asks what implications these designs have for the understanding of the human mind. He argues that this new mathematics is fully compatible with older deep insights into the human mind, due to humanistic thinkers East and West. There is no real conflict between new ideas from neural network theory or physics and deep, classical ideas from Eastern and Western cultures; in fact, the new ideas may provide a basis for helping understand and appreciate the roots of the classical ideas at a deeper level.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
RTX on—The NVIDIA Turing GPU (2020)

NVIDIA's latest processor family, the Turing GPU, was designed to realize a vision for next-generation graphics combining rasterization, ray tracing, and deep learning. It includes fundamental advancements in several key areas: streaming multiprocessor efficiency, a Tensor Core for accelerated AI inferencing, and an RTCore for accelerated ray tracing. With these innovations, Turing unlocks both real-time ray-tracing performance and deep-learning inference in consumer, professional, and datacenter solutions.
C. Le choix des fonctions et du site, la politique du wāqif (1982)

La fondation du waqf est une opération d’urbanisme volontaire. La composition des fondations en waqf suit généralement un schéma type. Le waqf de bienfaisance doit comprendre : des immeubles de rapport qui fournissent les revenus nécessaires à son fonctionnement selon les directives du fondateur. Pour être rentables ils doivent répondre à une nécessité économique et sociale (il y a une « étude de marché » implicite) ; des fondations religieuses, de bienfaisance ou de prestige, qui absorbent u...
ORCA a sea-of-gates place and route system (1989)

Sea-of-gates is becoming an important design style for Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs). The sea-of-gates technology offers more flexible placement and routing options not available in gate arrays. Very few systems are available today that can automatically layout sea-of-gates and none of these systems effectively use the features available in sea-of-gates architecture. ORCA is a place and route system for sea-of-gates, whose objective is to produce the highest density layout by fully exploiting the inherent features of this new design style. The ORCA system starts with a module generator which preprocesses memory arrays and other logic with a regular structure to form high density macros. The remaining logic is clustered together to form flexible macros, which we call porous. The porous macro-cells allow global routing to pass through the macro instead of detouring around its perimeter. The porous macros are dynamically shaped and resized by interaction with global wiring analysis. Finally, a general channelless area router has been developed to address the multiple layers of interconnect and routing areas which will be dominantly over-the-cell. Due to the large size of the problem (e.g. 100,000 gates), the placement and routing algorithms are hierarchical.
The Acid-Catalyzed Cyclization of 2,3-Dimethyl-2-phenethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-one (1975)

Abstract The cyclization of 2,3-dimethyl-2-phenethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-one 6a with aluminum chloride gave 4a,cis-10a-dimethyl-3,4,4a,9,10,10a-hexahydro-1 (2H)-phenanthrone 8a. The stereochemistry of the latter was established by synthesizing 4a,cis-10a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene 10 through Diels-Alder reaction of 3-formyl-4a,cis-8a-dimethyl-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2(1H)-naphthalenone 20 with butadiene.
Centrifugo-pneumatic valve for metering of highly wetting liquids on centrifugal microfluidic platforms (2009)

We designed and experimentally validated a new type of passive valve for centrifugal microfluidic platforms. A liquid column entering an unvented receiving chamber is stopped by the counter-pressure of compressed air. This valve opens under defined conditions at high centrifugal frequencies at which the interface between liquid and air becomes unstable and enables a phase exchange, forwarding the liquid. Burst frequencies of the valve were determined for liquids typically used in biochemical assays: pure water, water with detergent concentrations between 0.01 and 10%, and pure ethanol. Burst frequencies between 8.5 +/- 0.6 and 27.9 +/- 2.0 Hz were measured for different surface tensions. The burst frequencies can be tuned by simple geometrical changes in the valving structure. The valve does not require ultra-precise structures or local surface modifications and is therefore ideal for low-cost microfluidic polymer disks. Potential applications are in the field of multiparameter and panel analysis, such as PCR-genotyping.
Label-free electrochemical detection of malaria-infected red blood cells (2016)

The precise and rapid diagnosis of malaria is key to prevent indiscriminate use of antimalarial drugs and help in timely treatment and management of the disease.
Enhancing the usefulness of cross dehydrogenative coupling reactions with a removable protecting group (2013)

A removable protecting group has been identified that allows the products of widely-used cross dehydrogenative couplings to be synthetically elaborated. The method can be used with enantiopure amines with no loss of enantiomeric excess. The methodology is exemplified by a new synthesis of enantiopure praziquantel, the drug used in the treatment of millions of people suffering from the neglected tropical disease, schistosomiasis.
An Approach to Middleware Specialization for Cyber Physical Systems (2009)

Contemporary computing infrastructure, such as networking stacks, OS and middleware, are made up of layers of software functionality that have evolved over decades to support the broadest range of applications.The feature-richness and the layers of functionality, however, tend to be excessive and a source of performance overhead for cyber-physical Systems (CPS). Yet it is necessary to leverage the decades of proven patterns and principles in these infrastructures. This paper presents an approach to systematically specialize general-purpose middleware used to host CPS. Our approach is based on the principles of feature-oriented software development (FOSD), which requires deducing an algebraic structure of contemporary middleware based on a higher level of abstraction of features. The paper showcase how Origami matrices and generative programming can play a key role in realizing the specializations. The paper concludes by delving in to future open areas of middleware specialization research.
Myocardial infarction in an intensive care unit for blacks. A review over 6 years. (1982)

Ischaemic heart disease seems to be on the increase in South African Blacks, and medical staff should be more conscious of this. Fifty-four Black patients with acute myocardial infarction are presented and their complications and management while in an intensive care unit reviewed. Epidemiological aspects of ischaemic heart disease in South Africa are discussed.
Expression and cell membrane localization of rat M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor produced in Sf 9 insect cells using the baculovirus system (1991)

A recombinant baculovirus bearing the cDNA coding for the rat muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M3 placed under the control of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus polyhedrin gene promoter, was constructed. Polymerase chain reaction screening was used to identify the recombinant baculovirus. Northern blot analysis of total RNA from insect cells infected with the recombinant baculovirus indicated that the transcripts were abundant. Binding assays carried out with the muscarinic antagonist [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate indicated that more than 1 x 10(6) receptors were produced per cell. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the receptor is located on the cell surface.
Effects of target shape and reflection on laser radar cross sections (2000)

Laser radar cross sections have been evaluated for a number of ideal targets such as cones, spheres, paraboloids, and cylinders by use of different reflection characteristics. The time-independent cross section is the ratio of the cross section of one of these forms to that of a plate with the same maximum radius. The time-dependent laser radar cross section involves the impulse response from the object shape multiplied by the beam's transverse profile and the surface bidirectional reflection distribution function. It can be clearly seen that knowledge of the combined effect of object shape and reflection characteristics is important for determining the shape and the magnitude of the laser radar return. The results of this study are of interest for many laser radar applications such as ranging, three-dimensional imaging-modeling, tracking, antisensor lasers, and target recognition.
Improved end-column conductivity detector for capillary zone electrophoresis (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImproved end-column conductivity detector for capillary zone electrophoresisXiaohua. Huang and Richard N. ZareCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 19, 2193–2196Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00019a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Visible light-assisted electrochemical reduction of oxygen at a platinum electrode coated with surface active cobalt(II) and manganese(III) porphyrins (1978)

Y. Umezawa and T. Yamamura, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1978, 1106 DOI: 10.1039/C39780001106
Determination of the allelic frequencies of an L-<i>myc</i> and a <i>p</i>53 polymorphism in human lung cancer (1994)

The L-myc and p53 genes have been implicated in lung cancer. Both of these genes have restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) that could account for differential expression or activity of variant forms. An EcoRI restriction site in the L-myc gene was previously reported to be a predictor of poor prognosis in Japanese lung cancer patients. There are several RFLPs in the p53 gene. In exon 4 there is a polymorphism that codes for either an arginine or proline residue at codon 72. We previously reported the frequency of DNA-RFLPs at these gene loci revealed by EcoRI and AccII respectively. Here we report results from a study comparing lung cancer cases (n = 31) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease controls (n = 49). No association was found between these RFLPs and disease status. Previous observations that the frequencies of these RFLPs varied by race were confirmed. The p53 arginine allele was found to be more common in Caucasians (0.71) than African-Americans (0.50). The EcoRI restriction site present allele in L-myc was more frequent in African-Americans (0.71) than Caucasians (0.49). Thus, the allelic frequency for L-myc was similar in African-Americans to that reported for Japanese, and the allelic frequency for p53 was similar in Caucasians to that reported for Japanese.
Principles of Multimedia Database Systems (1998)

Preface Part I: PRELIMINARIES Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Plan of the Book 1.2 Sample Multimedia Scenario 1.3 Other Applications Chapter 2 A Quick Overview of Relational Databases 2.1 Relational Algebra 2.2 Relational Calculus Chapter 3 A Quick Introduction to Object Oriented Databases 3.1 Objects and Values 3.2 Types and Classes 3.3 Methods 3.4 Object Definition and Query Languages 3.5 Object-Relational Systems Part II: ORGANIZING MULTIMEDIA CONTENT Chapter 4 Other Relevant Data Structures 4.1 k-D Treas 4.2 Point Quadtrees 4.3 The MX-Quadtree 4.4 R-Trees Chapter 5 Image Databases 5.1 What is Querying by Image Content 5.2 Representing Image DBs with Relations 5.3 Representing Image DBs using Image Transformations 5.4 Similarity Based Retrieval 5.5 Image Processing: Segmentation 5.6 Retrieving Images by Spatial Layout 5.7 Implementations Chapter 6 Text/Document Databases 6.1 Precision and Recall 6.2 Stop Lists, Word Stems, and Frequency Tables 6.3 Latent Semantic Indexing: The Basic Idea 6.4 LSI: Background on Singular Valued Decompositions 6.5 LSI: Document Retrieval using SVDs 6.6 TV-Trees 6.7 Other Retrieval Techniques Chapter 7 Video Databases 7.1 Organizing Content of a Single Video 7.2 Querying Content of Video Libraries 7.3 Video Segmentation 7.4 Video Standards Chapter 8 Audio Databases 8.1 A General Model of Audio Data 8.2 Capturing Adio Content through Discrete Transformations 8.3 Indexing Audio Data Chapter 9 Multimedia Databases 9.1 Conceptual Design and Architecture of a Multimedia Database 9.2 Organizing Multimedia Data based on the Principle of Uniformity 9.3 Media-Abstractions 9.4 Query Languages for Retrieving Multimedia Data 9.5 Indexing SMDSs with Enhanced Inverted Indices 9.6 Query Relaxation/Expansion 9.7 Final Remarks Part III: PHYSICAL STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL Chapter 10 Retrieving Multimedia Data from Disks 10.1 An Overview of Disks 10.2 RAID Arrays and Placement Methods 10.3 A Model of Heterogeneous Disk Servers 10.4 An Algorithm to Support VCR-Functions Chapter 11 Retrieving Multimedia Data from CD-Rom 11.1 Introduction to CD-Roms and CD-Rom Modeling 11.2 Scheduling Retrieval of Multiple Sectors from CD-Roms 11.3 Placement Methods Chapter 12 Retrieving Multimedia Data from Tapes 12.1 Tape Recording Mechanisms 12.2 Robotic Tape Libraries Chapter 13 Creating Distributed Multimedia Presentations 13.1 Objects in Multimedia Presentations 13.2 Specifying Multimedia Documents with Temporal Constraints 13.3 Efficient Solution of temporal Presentation Constraints 13.4 Spatial Constraints Chapter 14 Distributed Media Servers 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Distributed Multimedia Server Architecture 14.3 Distributed Retrieval Plans 14.4 Optimal Distributed Retrieval Plans 14.5 An Algorithm to compute Optimal Retrieval Plans Chapter 15 Future Directions 15.1 Querying the Web 15.2 Mobile Multimedia Systems 15.3 Wateremarking and Steganography 15.4 Other Directions Chapter 16 Term Projects
Mechanisms of Integrin-Mediated Virus Attachment and Internalization Process (2001)

Viruses that propagate within vertebrate hosts have adapted many strategies to infect host cells. One of the first steps in a viral infection is the binding of the virus to cell surface molecules. This interaction between a virus and its receptors plays a key role in the multiplication cycle. Entry of viruses into cells is a complex, multistep process, and for several viruses, cell attachment and internalization are distinct steps. A number of virus receptors have been identified; a common family of viral receptors is the integrin family. Integrins are a widely expressed family of cell adhesion receptors, by which cells attach to extracellular matrices; they also mediate important cell-cell adhesion events. Integrins are involved in a number of tissue remodeling events, including embryogenesis, angiogenesis, wound repair, and bone resorption. In addition, several integrins are used by manyviruses in theirinfectious cycle. Virus-integrin interactions maybe more complex than previously thought because several viruses can interact with unique integrin regions or can activate distinct signaling pathways. This article will discuss the strategies devised by many viruses in their integrin-mediated attachment or cell entry.
Alkylidene Fluorene Liquid Crystalline Semiconducting Polymers for Organic Field Effect Transistor Devices (2004)

Organic electronic devices comprising arrays of organic field effect transistors (OFETs) are expected to create a range of novel applications for which the ability to be fabricated in large areas, on flexible substrates, with nonconventional shapes, and at low cost are key enabling factors. To improve the electrical performance of such devices, new solution processable organic semiconductors are required with high charge carrier mobilities and environmental stability. This work describes the molecular design of a p-type charge transport liquid crystalline polymer, in an attempt to control the factors responsible for both mobility and stability. Molecules were designed that were able to exhibit closely packed, π stacked morphologies, which can result in efficient intermolecular charge hopping and hence high mobility. Molecular manipulation of the conjugated π electron system was required to optimize the HOMO energy level, to both resist oxidation and be able to readily accept holes from a source electrode.