gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast low-power operation of p/sup +/-n/sup +/ double-gate SOI MOSFETs (2002)

Using direct bonded SOI wafers just 40 nm thick, we fabricated p/sup +/-n/sup +/ double-gate SOI MOSFETs. These devices, with an appropriate Vth, have good short-channel behavior and a large drive current. For Lg=0.19 /spl mu/m, we obtained an inverter delay time of 43 ps at 1 V, and 27 ps at 2 V. These are the fastest reported values for this gate length. The high performance is attributed to the large drain current, the low series resistance, and the reduction of the parasitic drain junction capacitance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multi-objective process planning method for Mask Projection Stereolithography (2007)

Mask Projection Stereolithography (MPSLA) is a high resolution manufacturing process that builds parts layer by layer in a photopolymer. In this research, a process planning method to fabricate MPSLA parts with constraints on dimensions, surface finish and build time is formulated. \n\tAs a part of this dissertation, a MPSLA system is designed and assembled. The irradiance incident on the resin surface when a given bitmap is imaged onto it is modeled as the Irradiance model . This model is used to formulate the Bitmap generation method which generates the bitmap to be imaged onto the resin in order to cure the required layer.\n\tPrint-through errors occur in multi-layered builds because of radiation penetrating beyond the intended thickness of a layer, causing unwanted curing. In this research, the print through errors are modeled in terms of the process parameters used to build a multi layered part. To this effect, the Transient layer cure model is formulated, that models the curing of a layer as a transient phenomenon, in which, the rate of radiation attenuation changes continuously during exposure. In addition, the effect of diffusion of radicals and oxygen on the cure depth when discrete exposure doses, as opposed to a single continuous exposure dose, are used to cure layers is quantified. The print through model is used to formulate a process planning method to cure multi-layered parts with accurate vertical dimensions. This method is demonstrated by building a test part on the MPSLA system realized as a part of this research. \n\tA method to improve the surface finish of down facing surfaces by modulating the exposure supplied at the edges of layers cured is formulated and demonstrated on a test part. \n\tThe models formulated and validated in this dissertation are used to formulate a process planning method to build MPSLA parts with constraints on dimensions, surface finish and build time. The process planning method is demonstrated by means of a case study.
Customer Acquisition Promotions and Customer Asset Value (2006)

In this article, the author addresses the question of how a firm's acquisition efforts influence the composition of the customer portfolio. The first part of the research is a conceptual model that illustrates how customer uncertainty provides an explanation for why promotionally acquired customers have lower repurchase rates and smaller lifetime values. The second part of the research involves empirical analyses of customer-level data from a newspaper and an online grocer. In both data sets, acquisition discount depth is negatively related to repeat-buying rates and customer asset value. For example, a 35% acquisition discount results in customers with about one-half the long-term value of non-promotionally acquired customers.
Design and Implementation of WiMoCA Node for a Body Area Wireless Sensor Network (2005)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a wireless sensor node for a Motion Capture system with Accelerometers (WiMoCA). It is composed by a tri-axial integrated accelerometer a microcontroller and a wireless transceiver WiMoCA nodes have been exploited to build a Wireless Body Area Sensor Network (WBASN) that allows to implement a wireless/wearable distributed gesture recognition system where nodes are mounted on many parts of the human body. We describe the hardware architecture and all the software layers supporting the recognition system. We also show characterization experiments on WiMoCA nodes that highlight how their performance and power consumption levels make them suitable to HCI applications.
Technique to improve chronic motor deficit after stroke. (1993)

The unaffected upper extremity of chronic stroke patients was restrained in a sling during waking hours for 14 days; on ten of those days, these patients were given six hours of practice in using the impaired upper extremity. An attention-comparison group received several procedures designed to focus attention on use of the impaired upper extremity. The restraint subjects improved on each of the laboratory measures of motor function used--in most cases markedly. Extensive improvement, from a multi-year plateau of greatly impaired motor function, was also noted for the restraint group in the life situation and these gains were maintained during a two-year period of follow-up. For the comparison group only one measure showed small to moderate improvement, and this was lost during the follow-up period; there was essentially no overlap between the individuals of the two groups. Thus, prolonged restraint of an unaffected upper extremity and practice of functional movements with the impaired limb proved to be an effective means of restoring substantial motor function in stroke patients with chronic motor impairment identified by the inclusion criteria of this project.
A solvent-resid phase diagram for tracking resid conversion (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA solvent-resid phase diagram for tracking resid conversionIrwin A. WieheCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1992, 31, 2, 530–536Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00002a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00002a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views535Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Human nerve growth factor beta (hNGF‐β): mammary gland specific expression and production in transgenic rabbits (1999)

Transgenic rabbits carrying gene constructs encoding human nerve growth factor beta (hNGF-beta) cDNA were generated. Expression of hNGF-beta mRNA was restricted to the mammary gland of lactating rabbits. Western Blot analysis revealed a polypeptide of 13.2 kDa in the milk of transgenic animals. hNGF-beta was purified from the milk by a two-step chromatographic procedure. Electrospray mass spectroscopy analysis of purified hNGF-beta depicted a molecular weight of 13,261 Da per subunit. The biological activity of the hNGF-beta was tested using PC12W2 cells and cultures of dorsal root ganglion neurons from chicken embryos. Crude defatted milk from transgenic animals and purified hNGF-beta demonstrated full biological activity when compared to commercial recombinant hNGF-beta.
THE SURFACE TENSIONS OF WATER, METHYL, ETHYL AND ISOBUTYL ALCOHOLS, ETHYL BUTYRATE, BENZENE AND TOLUENE. (1915)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE SURFACE TENSIONS OF WATER, METHYL, ETHYL AND ISOBUTYL ALCOHOLS, ETHYL BUTYRATE, BENZENE AND TOLUENE.Theodore W. Richards and Leslie B. CoombsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1915, 37, 7, 1656–1676Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1915Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1915https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02172a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02172a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views368Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Implementing Rule-Based Monitors within a Framework for Continuous Requirements Monitoring (2005)

With the increasing complexity of information systems, it is becoming increasingly unclear as to how information system behaviors relate to stated requirements. Although requirements documents and Business Activity Monitoring can provide static and dynamic evidence for requirements compliance, neither provides a formal, real-time presentation of requirements satisfaction. The REQMON research project is constructing and validating methods and tools for requirements specification and real-time monitoring. The challenge is to simplify monitoring system construction while ensuring the fidelity and expressiveness of its feedback. To address this challenge, our integrative approach leverages a formal monitoring abstraction layer, dynamically configurable distributed monitors, and commercial software to define a theory for specifying, developing, and analyzing requirements monitoring systems. This article presents an implementation of rule-based monitors, which are derived from system requirements. Such an implementation can simplify the specification of temporal requirements monitors and can be efficient, as our analysis shows.
A Comprehensive Study of Dynamic Global History Branch Prediction (2001)

This report recapitulates and analyzes the most significant results on global history branch prediction during the past decade. Most global history branch predictors (GHBP) are implemented using one or several two-bit counter tables. The global branch history, i.e., the outcomes of the most recently encountered branches, is combined with the branch address to index those tables. Previous studies addressed several questions : Why use two-bit counters ? What limit for the prediction accuracy of a GHBP ? Which hardware budget is needed to come close to this limit ? How to better utilize a limited hardware budget ? This study revisits these questions- . First we show that a two-bit counter is close to an optimal predictor, while allowing simple hardware implementations. Then we use a PPM algorithm as a vehicle to understand practical prediction accuracy limits for most GHBPs. Using PPM, we show that a long global history can potentially improve the prediction accuracy, even though a part of this potential is offset by the impact of cold-start misses. We observe that programs with branches that are difficult to predict are likely to have their working set increase very fast with the global history length. These programs experience a lot of cold-start misses and, also, require huge branch prediction tables to come close to PPM limit. Then we study «dealiased» GHBPs, which are approximations of PPM, given a limited hardware budget. We isolate the few dealiasing primitives constituting the «active principles» of dealiased GHBPs previously published. We study these primitives and show that some of them are actually similar. We show that simple combinations of these primitives are able to exploit long global histories for realistic hardware budgets. Finally, we conduct an experimental study on the perceptron branch predictor, which, unlike previously published GHBPs, does not derive from BPPM. Although the perceptron alone is generally not as accurate as a well-tuned «classical» dealiased GHBP, it sometimes succeeds where classical GHBPs fail. This suggests that, by using the perceptron in a hybrid predictor, it might be possible to overcome PPM limitations.
Incident Duration Model on Urban Freeways Based on Discrete Choice Model (2010)

Effective traffic incident management requires a full understanding of the various corresponding properties to accurately estimate incident durations and to benefit decision makings of reducing the impact of non-recurring incident relevant congestions. This paper incorporates discrete choice theory in incident duration prediction. Multinomial Logit (MNL) model is employed to forecast the incident duration. All 62941 incident records from Beijing Transportation Management Bureau are used for model establishment and other 10000 records for validation. The average relative error of the model is 27.3%, which shows the reliability of the model is quite satisfactory. Within such a system, the control center operators can estimate the potential impact of a detected incident, and select proper real-time incident management strategies.
Ocean waves synthesis using a spectrum-based turbulence function (2002)

The representation of ocean waves is not a resolved problem in computer graphics yet. There is still no existing method that allows one to simply describe an agitated surface of any size that is visually sufficiently realistic, without using entirely physical models that are usually very complex. We present a simple method to represent and animate an ocean surface in deep water by considering it as a procedural texture. This texture is defined by a combination of two levels of detail. The first one is a superposition of 2D trochoids whose parameters are determined by ocean wave characteristics infrequency domain. In order to increase the visual complexity of this model and to reduce computation, we incorporate a 3D turbulence function to provide a second level of detail. This turbulence function is also determined by frequency characteristics of ocean waves. Since our synthesized ocean waves spectrum approaches a real ocean waves spectrum, we obtain realistic water waves in the spatial domain. The animation of our model is performed by shifting the phase of the trochoids and by moving into the 3D turbulence function. Since our definition is procedural and continuous, it permits us to obtain any size of water surface with any level of detail as well as a simple, direct, antialiasing method. Our model can be used to generate ocean waves using 2D textures or bump maps as well as 3D textures.
Role of Leukotriene D <sub>4</sub> in Allergen-induced Increases in Airway Smooth Muscle in the Rat (1993)

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether allergen-induced hyperresponsiveness to methacholine and an increase in airway smooth muscle (ASM) in Brown Norway (BN) rats could be mediated by LTD4, an important mediator of allergic airway responses. Male BN rats, 8 to 12 wk of age, were sensitized with ovalbumin (OA). Rats were exposed 2 wk later to aerosols of saline (n = 6), OA (n = 8), or OA after pretreatment with the LTD4 antagonist MK-571 (2 mg/kg intraperitoneally, n = 9), on six occasions at 5-day intervals. Airway responsiveness to methacholine (the concentration required to double pulmonary resistance, EC200 RL) was measured immediately before the first aerosol exposure and 2 days after the last exposure. ASM was quantitated by morphometry, and areas were standardized for size using the epithelial basement membrane length (BM). Following OA challenges EC200 RL decreased from 6.5 to 3.1 mg/ml (p < 0.05) but did not change significantly after saline or OA exposures in MK-571-pretreated animals. ASM/BM2 in the large airways was significantly greater, 3.41 +/- 0.19 x 10(-3), after OA compared with 2.35 +/- 0.22 x 10(-3) for saline exposures (p < 0.01). The ASM/BM2 after OA exposures but with MK-571 pretreatment (2.75 +/- 0.25 x 10(-3)) was intermediate in value. The results indicate that both the increase in airway responsiveness and the increase in ASM following repeated antigen exposures appear to be mediated predominantly by LTD4.
Secretory Immunity and the Bacterial IgA Proteases (1981)

The characteristics and functions of microbial IgA proteases are reviewed. These enzymes represent a structurally heterogeneous group of proteins that are secreted into the extracellular environment by bacteria capable of causing human disease. The IgA proteases, which vary in their requirements for metal ions, are neutral endopeptidases whose role in the infectious process is not known but whose pronounced substrate specificity for human proteins of the IgA1 subclass has repeatedly been demonstrated. As reagents, the IgA proteases are useful in cleaving IgA molecules to yield intact Fc alpha and Fab alpha fragments that will allow the study of the structure and function of the two large regions of IgA immunoglobulin proteins. The role, if any, of these enzymes in promoting infection by pathogenic members of the genera Neisseria, Hemophilus, and Streptococcus is not known, although the secretory immune system is primarily mediated by antibodies of the IgA isotype, among which are IgA1 subclass proteins, and these proteins are susceptible to cleavage by IgA protease. The determination of the role of these enzymes in the pathogenesis of human infection must await clearer understanding of antigenicity and antibody function at secretory sites and of the relative roles of the two subclasses of human IgA in immune defense.
The prognostic significance of proliferation-associated nucleolar protein p120 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma (1999)

Nucleolar antigen p120 expression appears to be an additional marker of aggressiveness in PACs. The significant coexpression of the various cell cycle regulatory proteins support their collective role in tumor cell proliferation, with p34 cdk positivity being an independent predictor of postsurgical recurrence.
Operation of logic function in a Coulomb blockade device (1998)

This letter presents the experimental demonstration of a Coulomb blockade (CB) logic device. Our logic architecture consists of an array of current pathways, controlled by CB switching nodes. In this architecture, high gain is not required to transmit information, making it well suited to the CB device. Each CB node is switched between a blockaded state and a completely pinched-off state, minimizing the influence of stray potentials. Using a multi-phase clocking scheme to precisely control electron flow, the AND logic function is observed using as few as 160 electrons.
Infrared Refractive Indexes of Silicon Germanium and Modified Selenium Glass* (1957)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Calvin D. Salzberg and John J. Villa, "Infrared Refractive Indexes of Silicon Germanium and Modified Selenium Glass*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 47, 244-246 (1957) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The evolution of glycogen and starch metabolism in eukaryotes gives molecular clues to understand the establishment of plastid endosymbiosis (2011)

Solid semi-crystalline starch and hydrosoluble glycogen define two distinct physical states of the same type of storage polysaccharide. Appearance of semi-crystalline storage polysaccharides appears linked to the requirement of unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria to fuel nitrogenase and protect it from oxygen through respiration of vast amounts of stored carbon. Starch metabolism itself resulted from the merging of the bacterial and eukaryote pathways of storage polysaccharide metabolism after endosymbiosis of the plastid. This generated the three Archaeplastida lineages: the green algae and land plants (Chloroplastida), the red algae (Rhodophyceae), and the glaucophytes (Glaucophyta). Reconstruction of starch metabolism in the common ancestor of Archaeplastida suggests that polysaccharide synthesis was ancestrally cytosolic. In addition, the synthesis of cytosolic starch from the ADP-glucose exported from the cyanobacterial symbiont possibly defined the original metabolic flux by which the cyanobiont provided photosynthate to its host. Additional evidence supporting this scenario include the monophyletic origin of the major carbon translocators of the inner membrane of eukaryote plastids which are sisters to nucleotide-sugar transporters of the eukaryote endomembrane system. It also includes the extent of enzyme subfunctionalization that came as a consequence of the rewiring of this pathway to the chloroplasts in the green algae. Recent evidence suggests that, at the time of endosymbiosis, obligate intracellular energy parasites related to extant Chlamydia have donated important genes to the ancestral starch metabolism network.
Dynamic Policy Programming (2010)

In this paper, we propose a novel policy iteration method, called dynamic policy programming (DPP), to estimate the optimal policy in the infinite-horizon Markov decision processes. We prove the finite-iteration and asymptotic l\infty-norm performance-loss bounds for DPP in the presence of approximation/estimation error. The bounds are expressed in terms of the l\infty-norm of the average accumulated error as opposed to the l\infty-norm of the error in the case of the standard approximate value iteration (AVI) and the approximate policy iteration (API). This suggests that DPP can achieve a better performance than AVI and API since it averages out the simulation noise caused by Monte-Carlo sampling throughout the learning process. We examine this theoretical results numerically by com- paring the performance of the approximate variants of DPP with existing reinforcement learning (RL) methods on different problem domains. Our results show that, in all cases, DPP-based algorithms outperform other RL methods by a wide margin.
Splicing defective mutants of the<i>COXI</i>gene of yeast mitochondrial DNA: initial definition of the maturase domain of the group II intron AI2 (1994)

Six mutations blocking the function of a seven intron form of the mitochondrial gene encoding subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase (COXI) and mapping upstream of exon 3 were isolated and characterized. A cis-dominant mutant of the group IIA intron 1 defines a helical portion of the C1 substructure of domain 1 as essential for splicing. A trans-recessive mutant confirms that the intron 1 reading frame encodes a maturase function. A cis-dominant mutant in exon 2 was found to have no effect on the splicing of intron 1 or 2. A trans-recessive mutant, located in the group IIA intron 2, demonstrates for the first time that intron 2 encodes a maturase. A genetic dissection of the five missense mutations present in the intron 2 reading frame of that strain demonstrates that the maturase defect results from one or both of the missense mutations in a newly-recognized conserved sequence called domain X.