gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scale and object aware image retargeting for thumbnail browsing (2011)

Many image retargeting algorithms, despite aesthetically carving images smaller, pay limited attention to image browsing tasks where tiny thumbnails are presented. When applying traditional retargeting methods for generating thumbnails, several important issues frequently arise, including thumbnail scales, object completeness and local structure smoothness. To address these issues, we propose a novel image retargeting algorithm, Scale and Object Aware Retargeting (SOAR), which has four components: (1) a scale dependent saliency map to integrate size information of thumbnails, (2) objectness (Alexe et al. 2010) for preserving object completeness, (3) a cyclic seam carving algorithm to guide continuous retarget warping, and (4) a thin-plate-spline (TPS) retarget warping algorithm that champions local structure smoothness. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively. The quantitative evaluation is conducted through an image browsing user study to measure the effectiveness of different thumbnail generating algorithms, followed by the ANOVA analysis. The qualitative study is performed on the RetargetMe benchmark dataset. In both studies, SOAR generates very promising performance, in comparison with state-of-the-art retargeting algorithms.
Marek's disease herpesviruses. IV. Molecular characterization of Marek's disease herpesvirus A antigen (1983)

Marek's disease herpesvirus A antigen (MDHV-A) was identified as a 61,000- to 65,000-dalton glycoprotein by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after immunoprecipitation from the culture medium of both [35S]methionine- and [14C]glucosamine-labeled infected cells by specific rabbit serum directed against MDHV-A. Rigorous identification was accomplished by selective blocking of this specific immunoprecipitation of the glycoprotein with purified MDHV-A that was isolated at its characteristic isoelectric point. These results identify and characterize MDHV-A in terms of the previously determined physical and chemical properties of the antigen. A molecule of similar size was immunoprecipitated from the culture medium of cells infected with herpesvirus of turkeys, extending previous observations about the identity of a potentially important common antigen shared by MDHV and the nonpathogenic vaccine virus, herpesvirus of turkeys.
Typing of toxic strains of Clostridium difficile using DNA fingerprints generated with arbitrary polymerase chain reaction primers (1992)

Clostridium difficile is the causative agent for pseudomembranous colitis in humans. Toxic strains of C. difficile produce two toxins, toxin A and toxin B. A reliable and definitive method of typing the toxic strains of C. difficile is needed since nosocomial cross infection is a primary concern in hospitals and other health care facilities. A method for typing toxic strains of Clostridium difficile using arbitrary polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers is presented in this study. The C. difficile strains were initially characterized for the toxin A genetic determinant using specific PCR primers which differentiate toxin positive from toxin negative strains. These toxic strains were then PCR typed using six arbitrary primers which generated DNA patterns that were unique for all toxic strains examined. The use of this typing scheme in clinical applications is discussed.
Phase behavior of polyoxyethylene modified silicone with water (2008)

The phase behavior of polyoxyethylene modified silicone (PEOS) in water and water-oil system was investigated. In a water system, hydrophilic PEOS, whose HLB value is 13, forms only a hexagonal liquid crystal phase, while lamellar and reverse hexagonal phases are produced in a lipophilic PEOS (HLB value=6) system. In the latter system, these liquid crystals are formed at a rather high surfactant concentration compared to an ordinary polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant-water system. The detailed structures of these liquid crystals were determined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The ternary phase diagrams of water/lipophilic PEOS/silicone oil or hexadecane were also constructed at constant temperature (25 °C). In the case of silicone oil, the reverse micellar solution or W/O microemulsion (Om) solubilizes a large amount of water whereas the surfactant is practically insoluble in hexadecane.
Human gait classification using microDoppler time-frequency signal representations (2010)

A time-frequency classifier is applied for human gait classification. Time-frequency (t-f) quadratic distributions are used for time-frequency signal representations. Three specific motions are considered, corresponding to three different scenarios of arm motions which describe free and confined arm swings. The microDoppler signature in the time-frequency domain of each motion style is viewed as a feature and is incorporated in a distance-based classifications measured between the test data t-f distribution and the training average t-f distributions. It is shown that the time-frequency classifier performs properly, yielding low probability of classification errors, and its performance is rather insensitive to the type of time-frequency distribution employed. Among the possible distance measures used, which include the Correlation, Bhattacharyya and Kolmogorov, the Euclidean distance provided the best results.
Environmental degradation of some polymer blends. Blends of polystyrene with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, poly(vinyl chloride), and polybutadiene and blends of polybutadiene with poly(vinyl chloride) (1982)

Abstract One class of polymer/additive which has become increasingly important is polymer blends. In this study the ultimate tensile strength, elongation at break, and the modulus of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene, poly(vinyl chloride), polybutadiene and polystyrene and their blends have been studied over an entire binary composition range. We have correlated these mechanical properties to their degradation behavior under natural and accelerated weathering by measurement of various indices during thermal and natural weathering. It was found that during natural weathering the presence of polystyrene in acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) improved the weatherability of ABS; the converse was true when the blends were heated in an air oven at 100°C. It was also found that the weatherability of PB was improved in the presence of polystyrene and large improvement in the rigidity was observed. Similarly, from a measurement of carbonyl index, it was found that PVC has a stabilizing effect on PB. In many cases, the 50:50 composition of the polymers gave the best compromise of good mechanical properties, heat stability, and outdoor weathering. The mechanisms of possible interactions between the degrading polymers are discussed.
EXTRACT FROM HERNIARIA HIRSUTA COATS CALCIUM OXALATE MONOHYDRATE CRYSTALS AND BLOCKS THEIR ADHESION TO RENAL EPITHELIAL CELLS (2004)

Our current data suggest a mechanism whereby Herniaria hirsuta extract used in traditional medicine might prevent and possibly eliminate preexisting kidney stones. Further characterization of the active compound(s) could identify a new candidate drug for patients with nephrolithiasis.
Initiation of Bacterial Spore Germination (1968)

To investigate the problem of initiation in bacterial spore germination, we isolated, from extracts of dormant spores of Bacillus cereus strain T and B. licheniformis, a protein that initiated spore germination when added to a suspension of heat-activated spores. The optimal conditions for initiatory activity of this protein (the initiator) were 30 C in 0.01 to 0.04 m NaCl and 0.01 m tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (pH 8.5). The initiator was inhibited by phosphate but required two co-factors, l-alanine (1/7 of K(m) for l-alanine-inhibited germination) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (1.25 x 10(-4)m). In the crude extract, the initiator activity was increased 3.5-fold by heating the extract at 65 C for 10 min, but the partially purified initiator preparation was completely heat-sensitive (65 C for 5 min). Heat stability could be conferred on the purified initiator by adding 10(-3)m dipicolinic acid. A fractionation of this protein that excluded l-alanine dehydrogenase and adenosine deaminase from the initiator activity was developed. The molecular weight of the initiator was estimated as 7 x 10(4). The kinetics of germination in the presence of initiator were examined at various concentrations of l-alanine and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
Design and Implementation of the Stony Brook Video Server (1997)

The system architecture of the Stony Brook Video Server (SBVS), which guarantees end-to-end real-time video playback in a client-server setting, is presented. SBVS employs a real-time network access protocol, RETHER, to use existing Ethernet hardware as the underlying communications media. The video server tightly integrates the bandwidth guarantee mechanisms for network transport and disk I/O. SBVS's stream-by-stream disk scheduling scheme optimizes the effective disk bandwidth without incurring significant scheduling overhead. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed architecture, we have implemented a prototype called SBVS-1, which can support five concurrent MPEG-1 video streams on an Intel 486DX2/EISA PC. To our knowledge, this system is the first video server that provides an end-to-end performance guarantee from the server's disks to the each user's display over standard Ethernet. This paper describes the implementation details of integrating network and I/O bandwidth guarantee mechanisms, and the performance measurements that drive and/or validate our design decisions. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative Genomics Reveal a Flagellar System, a Type VI Secretion System and Plant Growth-Promoting Gene Clusters Unique to the Endophytic Bacterium Kosakonia radicincitans (2018)

The recent worldwide discovery of plant growth-promoting (PGP) <i>Kosakonia radicincitans</i> in a large variety of crop plants suggests that this species confers significant influence on plants, both in terms of yield increase and product quality improvement. We provide a comparative genome analysis which helps to unravel the genetic basis for <i>K. radicincitans'</i> motility, competitiveness and plant growth-promoting capacities. We discovered that <i>K. radicincitans</i> carries multiple copies of complex gene clusters, among them two flagellar systems and three type VI secretion systems (T6SSs). We speculate that host invasion may be facilitated by different flagella, and bacterial competitor suppression by effector proteins ejected via T6SSs. We found a large plasmid in <i>K. radicincitans</i> DSM 16656<sup>T</sup>, the species type strain, that confers the potential to exploit plant-derived carbon sources. We propose that multiple copies of complex gene clusters in <i>K. radicincitans</i> are metabolically expensive but provide competitive advantage over other bacterial strains in nutrient-rich environments. The comparison of the DSM 16656<sup>T</sup> genome to genomes of other genera of enteric plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) exhibits traits unique to DSM 16656<sup>T</sup> and <i>K. radicincitans</i>, respectively, and traits shared between genera. We used the output of the <i>in silico</i> analysis for predicting the purpose of genomic features unique to <i>K. radicincitans</i> and performed microarray, PhyloChip, and microscopical analyses to gain deeper insight into the interaction of DSM 16656<sup>T</sup>, plants and associated microbiota. The comparative genome analysis will facilitate the future search for promising candidates of PGPB for sustainable crop production.
The mission priest (1985)

Every few years the Sydney diocese of Catholic priests sent one of their men to inject new religious life into the Cobargo flock...
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Antitubulin and Antimitotic Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Analogues of 2‐Methoxyestradiol, an Endogenous Mammalian Metabolite of Estradiol that Inhibits Tubulin Polymerization by Binding to the Colchicine Binding Site. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hot Isostatic Pressing of Transparent Nd:YAG Ceramics (2009)

This paper demonstrates that fine‐grained (2–3 μm), transparent Nd:YAG can be achieved at SiO 2 doping levels as low as 0.02 wt% by the sinter plus hot isostatic pressing (HIP) approach. Fine grain size is assured by sintering to 98% density, in order to limit grain growth, followed by HIP. Unlike dry‐pressed samples, tape‐cast samples were free of large, agglomerate‐related pores after sintering, and thus high transparency (i.e., >80% transmission at 1064 nm) could be achieved by HIP at <1750°C along with lower silica levels, thereby avoiding conditions shown to cause exaggerated grain growth. Grain growth was substantially limited at lower SiO 2 levels because silica is soluble in the YAG lattice up to ∼0.02–0.1 wt% at 1750°C, thus allowing sintering and grain growth to occur by solid‐state diffusional processes. In contrast, liquid phase enhanced densification and grain growth occur at ∼0.08–0.14 wt% SiO 2 , especially at higher temperatures, because the SiO 2 solubility limit is exceeded.
Parallel Computation of Similarity Measures Using an FPGA-Based Processor Array (2008)

An enormous amount of data needs to be processed in many data mining applications. In addition to algorithmic development, hardware support is imperative to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of these applications. We are investigating various hardware architectural design techniques and methodologies to support data mining at the chip level. In this work, we focus on the design of an FPGA-based processor array for the computation of similarity matrix, a commonly used data structure to represent the similarity among a set of feature vectors, with each matrix element representing the computed similarity measure between two vectors. An algorithm is developed to assign computation efficiently to the array of processing elements. Theoretical performance metrics are derived and compared to the experimental results. Performance gains using the processor array over software implementations are also presented and discussed.
Loss of virulence in<i>Leishmania donovani</i>deficient in an amastigote-specific protein, A2 (1997)

Leishmania donovani is the etiologic agent of fatal visceral leishmaniasis in man. During their life cycle, Leishmania exist as flagellated promastigotes within the sandfly vector and as nonflagellated amastigotes in the macrophage phagolysosomal compartment of the mammalian host. The transformation from promastigotes to amastigotes is a critical step for the establishment of infection, and the molecular basis for this transformation is poorly understood. To define the molecular basis for amastigote survival in the mammalian host, we previously identified an amastigote stage-specific gene family termed "A2." In the present study, we have inhibited the expression of A2 mRNA and A2 protein in amastigotes using antisense RNA and show that the resulting A2-deficient amastigotes are severely compromised with respect to virulence in mice. Amastigotes that did survive in the mice had restored A2 protein expression. These data demonstrate that A2 protein is required for L. donovani survival in a mammalian host, and this represents the first identified amastigote-specific virulence factor identified in Leishmania. This study also reveals that it is possible to study gene function in Leishmania through the expression of antisense RNA.
Robust Optical Time-of-Flight Range Imaging Based on Smart Pixel Structures (2008)

The reliable detection of the three-dimensional position of arbitrary objects in a scene is a key capability of most animals and one of the most important tasks in machine vision. Today's preferred technical solution is optical time-of-flight (TOF) range imaging, due to its simplicity, its distance resolution, its large and adaptable measurement range, as well as the absence of shadowing problems. In order significantly to extend the application areas of TOF 3-D cameras, in particular for outdoor use, we show how their performance can be improved in all relevant respects: background light suppression is improved by an order of magnitude by the minimum charge transfer method. Multicamera operation is achieved by a binary pseudo-noise modulation/demodulation technique. This method also avoids all practical ambiguity problems typically encountered with harmonic modulation. Higher temporal demodulation resolution becomes possible with a pixel structure employing lateral electric fields. We have realized such pixels with a commercially available CCD/CMOS process, and our measurement results confirm that gigahertz demodulation imaging is possible. The practicality of all theoretical concepts is demonstrated with a miniaturized TOF 3-D camera platform whose LED array light source is modulated at a typical rate of 20 MHz. Our work contributes, therefore, to opening up new application domains of the soaring optical TOF range imaging techniques.
Juvenile Acanthosis Nigricans and Insulin Resistance (2002)

Acanthosis nigricans in obese adolescents is frequently associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. We report three cases of this condition. In the early stage the skin lesions appeared to be erythematous and pruritic, mimicking an inflammatory dermatitis. Dietary control and oral metformin hydrochloride markedly improved the lesions. Topical calcipotriol may also help to control the skin condition.
Synthesis and Growth Kinetics of Zeolite SSZ-39 (2017)

A thorough study of SSZ-39 formation, a next generation deNOx catalyst, is presented. The presence of the trans isomer is beneficial to the growth kinetics leading to enhancements in the growth rate, in some cases of over 40%. The formation of SSZ-39 is also sensitive to the composition of the faujasite used as an aluminum source as gels with identical compositions but different faujasites do not lead to SSZ-39 formation. Once SSZ-39 begins to form, its growth rate is linear and appears to equal the rate of faujasite dissolution. Finally, the Si/Al ratio of the material is influenced by the cis/trans ratio of the SDA. These results provide new insights into the formation of this industrially relevant catalyst.
Destructive adsorption of carbon tetrachloride on lanthanum and cerium oxides (1999)

The destructive adsorption of CCl4 on La2O3 and CeO2 in the absence of any oxidant, such as oxygen, has been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and insitu Raman spectroscopy as a function of the reaction temperature and the amount of CCl4 injected. La2O3 was much more reactive than CeO2, and CCl4 destruction started at around 300°C with the rapid formation of LaOCl, and the release of CO2 into the gas phase. The complete transformation of LaOCl into LaCl3 was much more difficult to obtain, and required high reaction temperatures and large amounts of CCl4. In the case of CeO2, CCl4 destruction started at around 450°C, and was accompanied by the reduction of Ce(IV) to Ce(III) and the formation of CeOCl as an intermediate product. The complete transformation of CeO2 into CeCl3 was only observed at reaction temperatures near 600°C. These results are compared with those recently reported for alkaline earth metal oxides.
Retrieval analysis of aerosol-size distribution with simulated extinction measurements at SAGE III wavelengths (1996)

The retrieval of aerosol-size distribution from simulated aerosol-extinction-coefficient measurements of the new satellite instrument, the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) III, is investigated. A detailed discussion on the aerosol-size-distribution information content of the SAGE III aerosol-extinction-coefficient measurement is provided. Results of the investigation indicate that unimodal as well as bimodal log-normal size distributions can be inferred. In addition, it is shown that a shape-constraint-free size distribution can be derived from SAGE III aerosol measurements by use of the randomized minimization search technique and the optimal estimation theory.
Underwater Acoustic Wavefront Visualization by Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer for the Characterization of Focused Ultrasonic Transducers (2015)

The analysis of acoustic wave fields is important for a large number of engineering designs, communication and health-related reasons. The visualization of wavefronts gives valuable information about the type of transducers and excitation signals more suitable for the test itself. This article is dedicated to the development of a fast procedure for acoustic fields visualization in underwater conditions, by means of laser Doppler vibrometer measurements. The ultrasonic probe is a focused transducer excited by a chirp signal. The scope of this work is to evaluate experimentally the properties of the sound beam in order to get reliable information about the transducer itself to be used in many kinds of engineering tests and transducer design.
Effect of composition on the solution rheology of stearyl methacrylate‐co‐styrene‐co‐vinyl pyrrolidinone in paraffinic base oil (2004)

Abstract The rheological behavior of dilute and semi‐dilute solutions of stearyl methacrylate‐co‐styrene‐co‐vinyl pyrrolidinone copolymers (SMA‐S‐VP) was investigated over a wide range of temperatures (20–140°C) under steady shear (0.1–5000 s −1 ) and dynamic conditions (0.01–500 rad/s). The solvent used was polyalpha olefin, PAO4 (C20‐C40 fraction), a fully synthetic paraffinic oil normally used as base oil for lubricant oil formulations. The investigation focuses on the effect of the polar comonomer segment content, of the copolymer, on the viscosity‐temperature relationship of the solution. This information provides insight into the effect of polymer microstructure on the viscosity index (VI) behavior of the lubricant. Copolymers with different ratios of stearyl methacrylate, styrene and vinyl pyrrolidinone were synthesized by solution radical polymerization. The microstructure and molecular weight of the copolymers were evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The molecular weight and polydispersity of the polymers were determined using GPC. The polymer solutions exhibit non‐Newtonian behavior, which is more evident at lower temperatures and higher concentrations. The temperature‐concentration superposition principle developed by Ferry (1) was applied to steady shear data and the resulting master curve was fitted to the Carreau model. A modified Fedors equation for intrinsic viscosity calculation, at low and moderate polymer solution concentrations, was used. The results confirm that the viscosity index improver properties (VII) of the copolymer are superior when the VP content is low. The polymer‐solvent interactions and solvency power of PAO4 were analyzed using an Arrhenius expression. The results show that at low VP content, PAO4 is a better solvent for the copolymer. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:736–748, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Did you really (1990)

The flight from Heathrow to Jan Smuts finds m e unslept for 48 hours, speeding on National Health Dexedrine and a hundred caps of acid hid in a condom, like a severed finger up m e ass - wouldn't you, Bull Hubbard, indeed?...
Fast Motion Estimation by Motion Vector Merging Procedure for H. 264 (2005)

In this paper, a fast motion estimation algorithm for variable block-size by using a motion vector merging procedure is proposed for H.264. The motion vectors of adjacent small blocks are merged to predict the motion vectors of larger blocks for reducing the computation. Experimental results show that our proposed method has lower computational complexity than full search, fast full search and fast motion estimation of the H.264 reference software JM93 with slight quality decrease and little bit-rate increase