gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bilayer-Spanning DNA Nanopores with Voltage-Switching between Open and Closed State (2014)

Membrane-spanning nanopores from folded DNA are a recent example of biomimetic man-made nanostructures that can open up applications in biosensing, drug delivery, and nanofluidics. In this report, we generate a DNA nanopore based on the archetypal six-helix-bundle architecture and systematically characterize it via single-channel current recordings to address several fundamental scientific questions in this emerging field. We establish that the DNA pores exhibit two voltage-dependent conductance states. Low transmembrane voltages favor a stable high-conductance level, which corresponds to an unobstructed DNA pore. The expected inner width of the open channel is confirmed by measuring the conductance change as a function of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) size, whereby smaller PEGs are assumed to enter the pore. PEG sizing also clarifies that the main ion-conducting path runs through the membrane-spanning channel lumen as opposed to any proposed gap between the outer pore wall and the lipid bilayer. At higher voltages, the channel shows a main low-conductance state probably caused by electric-field-induced changes of the DNA pore in its conformation or orientation. This voltage-dependent switching between the open and closed states is observed with planar lipid bilayers as well as bilayers mounted on glass nanopipettes. These findings settle a discrepancy between two previously published conductances. By systematically exploring a large space of parameters and answering key questions, our report supports the development of DNA nanopores for nanobiotechnology.
Case 16-2002 (2002)

Presentation of CaseA 41-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of an intracranial mass.The patient had been in excellent health until one week earlier, when a global headache developed, accompanied by generalized weakness, a sensation of imbalance, mild forgetfulness, progressive anorexia, and blurred vision. On the day of admission, she came to the ambulatory clinic of this hospital, where an imaging study of the brain showed a heterogeneously enhancing mass. She was admitted to the hospital.The patient, a native of El Salvador, had immigrated to this country 11 years earlier; she made frequent trips back to . . .
The surgical treatment of cancer of the esophagus. Summary of replies to a questionnaire. (1979)

In an attempt to assess the different methods of treatment of tumors of the esophagus we contacted 170 surgeons (in 1975-1976). Seventy-six (45%) answered a questionnaire concerning the surgical management of esophageal tumors, the reasons for non operability and non resectability, the place of radiotherapy, the validity of palliative procedures, the exposure and type of resection for tumors at various levels in the esophagus, the technical details of the operations, the resectability and mortality rate, the anastomotic leak rate and its treatment, and the five-year survival rate after operation. The replies to the questionnaire are summarized.
Geometrical Models for Balanced Rib Knitted Fabrics Part III: 2 × 2, 3 × 3, 4 × 4, and 5 × 5 Rib Fabrics (2009)

Since there are no such models in the literature, geometrical models for 2 × 2, 3 × 3, 4 × 4, and 5 × 5 rib fabrics are created in this paper. To obtain these models, the degree of widthwise curling for each fabric is assessed from photographs and the regions between the 1 × 1 rib parts and the curled plain knit parts of the mentioned structures are modeled in this paper, making yarn curvatures continuous throughout the structure concerned. Models created are drawn to scale by the graphical program 3DS-Max. During the creation of these models, it is emphasized that K c values are almost the same for all the m × m rib fabrics and the second kind of spiralities which are effective on m × m ribs are also considered.
Det nya bibelspråket (2001)

Sammanställning av språkliga iakttagelser gjorda i bibelöversättningen 1999 jämförd med äldre översättningar i ett antal B-uppsatser i nordiska språk vid Lunds universitet vt 2000.
Experimental Study of Kinetic Processes during the Steel Treatment at Two LMF's (2005)

The mass transfer rate during ladle refining was quantified by taking sequential steel and slag samples during the treatment of 20 heats. Each heat was stirred with a different argon flow rate, ranging between 0 and 63 scfm. Heats were treated at two different plants. Al-killed steel was produced at an LMF in 151-t ladles. Si-deoxidized steel was produced at an LMF in 123-t ladles. Mass transfer rate constants were determined for each heat by using process simulation (Metsim) and thermodynamic (FactSage) models. Relationships between mass transfer rate constants and stirring powers as well as ladle geometries were compared between the two plants and published literature. It was found that the reaction kinetics during ladle refining depend on the bulk transport of the steel to the slag/steel interface and on the thermodynamic equilibrium at the slag/steel interface. The necessary refining time decreases if the newly-defined specific steel transport rate is maximized and the slag has a low basicity and FeO concentration before the start of de-S.
The carboxyl-terminal domain of the p53 protein regulates sequence-specific DNA binding through its nonspecific nucleic acid-binding activity. (1995)

The murine p53 protein contains two nucleic acid-binding sites, a sequence-specific DNA-binding region localized between amino acid residues 102-290 and a nucleic acid-binding site without sequence specificity that has been localized to residues 364-390. Alternative splicing of mRNA generates two forms of this p53 protein. The normal, or majority, splice form (NSp53) retains its carboxyl-terminal sequence-nonspecific nucleic acid-binding site, which can negatively regulate the sequence-specific DNA-binding site. The alternative splice form of p53 (ASp53) replaces amino acid residues 364-390 with 17 different amino acids. This protein fails to bind nucleic acids nonspecifically and is constitutive for sequence-specific DNA binding. Thus, the binding of nucleic acids at the carboxyl terminus regulates sequence-specific DNA binding by p53. The implications of these findings for the activation of p53 transcriptional activity following DNA damage are discussed.
A 4-bit, 250-MIPS processor using Josephson technology (1990)

An experimental 4-bit Josephson processor that demonstrates the possibility of a Josephson computer system with a gigahertz clock is presented. Constructed from 2066 gates on a 5-mm*5-mm die, it implements an eight-instruction set to enable the basic operations of digital signal processing. The basic structure and operating principles of the Josephson device are reviewed, and the design of and operating results for the processor are presented. The focus is mainly on the circuit techniques required to realize a gigahertz clock in a Josephson processor. Circuit techniques to suppress the crosstalk from the AC power to the I/O lines and ways to improve the clock frequency are introduced. The problems remaining in the effort to enhance performance are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Genetically Engineered Lipopeptide Antibiotics Related to A54145 and Daptomycin with Improved Properties (2010)

Daptomycin is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic approved for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens and for that of bacteremia and right-sided endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Daptomycin failed to meet noninferiority criteria for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, likely due to sequestration in pulmonary surfactant. Many analogues of daptomycin have been generated by combinatorial biosynthesis, but only two displayed improved activity in the presence of bovine surfactant, and neither was as active as daptomycin in vitro. In the present study, we generated hybrid molecules of the structurally related lipopeptide A54145 in Streptomyces fradiae and tested them for antibacterial activity in the presence of bovine surfactant. Hybrid A54145 nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) biosynthetic genes were constructed by genetic engineering and were expressed in combination with a deletion of the lptI methyltransferase gene, which is involved in the formation of the 3-methyl-glutamic acid (3mGlu) residue at position 12. Some of the compounds were very active against S. aureus and other Gram-positive pathogens; one compound was also highly active in the presence of bovine surfactant, had low acute toxicity, and showed some efficacy against Streptococcus pneumoniae in a mouse model of pulmonary infection.
O 2 ( Δ 1 ) production in He∕O2 mixtures in flowing low pressure plasmas (2004)

Chemical oxygen-iodine lasers (COIL) are attractive for diverse industrial applications because they are capable of high efficiency, high power operation, and because the 1.315μm wavelength can be transmitted through fiber optics and couples efficiently with most metals. Conventional COILs are pumped with O2(Δ1) that is generated by reaction of Cl2 in a basic H2O2 solution. Current trends in pumping COILs involve producing the O2(Δ1) in electric discharges, thereby circumventing the hazards, complexity, and weight associated with pumping and storing caustic liquids. In this work, we have investigated the scaling of O2(Δ1) yields with specific energy deposition in He∕O2 mixtures in flowing radio frequency (rf) discharges at pressures of a few to tens of Torr using a global plasma kinetics model. We found that O2(Δ1) yield increases nearly linearly with specific energy deposition in O2 molecules up to a few eV per molecule, with yields peaking around 30% by 5–8eV. Further increases in specific energy deposition serve only to increase O2 dissociation and gas heating, thereby reducing the O2(Δ1) yield. We also found that variations in peak yields at a given specific energy deposition are caused by secondary effects resulting from dilution, pressure, and power level. We show that these secondary effects alter the O2(Δ1) yield by shifting the O2(Σ1)∕O2(Δ1) ratio.
Sentinel Lymph Node Molecular Ultrastaging in Patients With Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prognosis (2007)

PCR status of SLN appears to have a clinically valuable prognostic power in patients with melanoma. Although the heterogeneity of the studies so far published warrants caution to avoid overestimating the favorable results of pooled data, our findings strongly support additional investigation in this field.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: A South African Perspective (1992)

Resistance to penicillin among South African strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae increased from 4.9% in 1979 to 14.4% in 1990. Except for resistance to co-trimoxazole (44%), resistance to other antimicrobial agents remained relatively low. Multiply resistant strains belonged mainly to serovars 6B, 19A, 14, and, more recently, 23F. Use of chloramphenicol to treat meningitis caused by strains relatively resistant to penicillin proved to be unsatisfactory, probably because of the inadequate bactericidal activity of chloramphenicol against these strains. Spread of penicillin-resistant nasopharyngeal strains in pediatric wards was most common among children who received antimicrobial therapy. Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) patterns were shown to vary in resistant clinical strains. Interspecies transfer of penicillin resistance between Streptococcus mitis and S. pneumoniae was demonstrated and antigenic homology was found in PBPs 1A and 2B of strains belonging to these species. Restriction enzyme mapping following DNA amplification of the PBP 2B gene revealed six arrangements among South African strains within serogroup 19. Despite extensive studies in South Africa and several other countries, many questions with regard to the global problem of antimicrobial resistance among S. pneumoniae strains remain unanswered, especially those that relate to prevalence in developing regions of the world.
Analysis of a dynamic reservation protocol for interactive data services on TDMA-based wireless networks (1999)

This paper presents the dynamic reservation protocol for supporting variable-rate data services on time-division multiple-access based wireless networks. It allows a large number of data terminals to access data applications by sharing a reserved data-carrier. Through dynamic reservation data terminals can get their needed radio channels for uplink transmission without contention. The protocol performance is evaluated by queuing analysis and verified by computer simulation.
Effective use of Cray supercomputers (1989)

Article Free Access Share on Effective use of Cray supercomputers Authors: W. T. C. Kramer NAS Systems Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA NAS Systems Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CAView Profile , J. M. Crawer NAS Systems Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA NAS Systems Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Supercomputing '89: Proceedings of the 1989 ACM/IEEE conference on SupercomputingAugust 1989 Pages 721–731https://doi.org/10.1145/76263.76345Published:01 August 1989Publication History 2citation312DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads312Last 12 Months15Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Improved indexing for distributed virtual university (2002)

Many disciplines have been changed through the use of the Internet. Education being among those that suffer the most radical changes. In the project Virtual School of Energoprojekt Group we made a prototype implementation with distributed mobile agents. The role of the mobile agent layer in the entire virtual university framework is to provide support for information retrieval from the Internet. Major enhancements of the proposed architecture of our solution involve traditional indexing which is enriched by inclusion of an extended thesaurus. This extended thesaurus is updated by mobile agents by finding useful content on accessible servers. On the servers not allowing access of mobile agents, standard search engines are used and the results of such standard search are analysed by software agents and added to the thesaurus.
A hierarchical memory system environment (1998)

The paper presents an environment for teaching elements of a computer system memory hierarchy. It is made up of a hierarchical memory system, a reference manual, a software package and a set of laboratory experiments. The hierarchical memory system is devised to cover the virtual memory and translation lookaside buffer, the cache memory, and the main memory. The reference manual provides all implementation details with the appropriate circuits drawings and detailed descriptions. For the devised hierarchical memory system a software package, which includes the graphical simulator with the accompanying tools, is developed. They allow one to carry out the simulation down to the register transfer level by executing a set of laboratory experiments.
Involvement of calmodulin and myosin light chain kinase in activation of mTRPC5 expressed in HEK cells (2005)

The classic type of transient receptor potential channel (TRPC) is a molecular candidate for Ca(2+)-permeable cation channels in mammalian cells. Because TRPC channels have calmodulin (CaM) binding sites at their COOH termini, we investigated the effect of CaM on mTRPC5. TRPC5 was initially activated by muscarinic stimulation with 50 microM carbachol and then decayed rapidly even in the presence of carbachol. Intracellular CaM (150 microg/ml) increased the amplitude of mTRPC5 current activated by muscarinic stimulation. CaM antagonists (W-7 and calmidazolium) inhibited mTRPC5 currents when they were applied during the activation of mTRPC5. Pretreatment of W-7 and calmidazolium also inhibited the activation of mTRPC5 current. Inhibitors of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibited the activation of mTRPC5 currents, whereas inhibitors of CaM-dependent protein kinase II did not. Small interfering RNA against cardiac type MLCK also inhibited the activation of mTRPC5 currents. However, inhibitors of CaM or MLCK did not show any effect on GTPgammaS-induced currents. Application of both Rho kinase inhibitor and MLCK inhibitor inhibited GTPgammaS-induced currents. We conclude that CaM and MLCK modulates the activation process of mTRPC5.
Product Life-Cycle Metadata Modeling and Its Application with RDF (2007)

The whole product life cycle consists of three phases: beginning of life (BOL), middle of life (MOL), and end of life (EOL). Although large amounts of product life-cycle data are generated over the whole product life cycle, data flows are rather vague after BOL. Over the last decade, however, emerging Internet, wireless mobile telecommunications, and product identification technologies have created the potential of making the whole product life cycle visible. As a result, the scope of data to be managed has expanded over the whole product life cycle. Hence, it becomes important to describe product life-cycle metadata in a systematic manner. Although much attention has been paid to data modeling over several objects such as products and processes, modeling methodology for product life-cycle metadata is not well developed. To cope with this limitation, we develop a modeling method for product life-cycle metadata by using the resource description framework (RDF). We define an RDF data model and its schema for describing and managing product life-cycle metadata. In addition, we describe how the proposed RDF model can be usefully applied to track, trace, and infer product life-cycle data with an RDF query language.
Dendrimers and Dendritic Polymers as Anti-infective Agents: New Antimicrobial Strategies for Therapeutic Drugs (2007)

Nearly 3 decades ago, a dendritic structure was stepwise synthesized for the first time as a new type of molecules with promising applications. During years a huge effort has been devoted to implement the synthetic skills concerning the synthesis of these molecules and especially, new methods for purification and characterization of these compounds that are in the nanoscale range. The chemical manipulation of the surface and inner core of dendrimers were strategically used to allow a tailor-made control of physical-chemical properties and to discover new applications in material science and biomedicine. Although several examples have been reported in the literature describing applications of functionalized dendrimers and acclaiming a key role of these molecules, very scarce examples are actually close to the market. This review summarizes the state of the art of dendrimers and dendritic polymers as anti-infective agents, with a special focus on the strategies to block receptors used by pathogens for attachment, cell entry and dissemination. These nanometre size molecules are very attractive compounds as new drugs easily to be manipulated to improve their activity and scope. This is already a very active area of research, where we are involved, with interesting potential as demonstrated by the Phase I clinical trial of a functionalized dendrimer with real possibilities to reach the market soon. The success of this compound should provoke an enormous stimulus to scientists working in this area as well as in the industrial companies for investment in this topic. Keywords: pathogen-associated molecular patterns, pattern recognition receptors, C type lectin receptors, Dendritic-Cell-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Non integrin, Cholera Toxin, Vero Toxins, Streptococcus suis
Noise Subtracting Filter Study. (1973)

A new approach is presented to the problem of suppressing broadband additive interference corrupting a received signal. The noise cancelling procedure developed for the suppression of such interference is intended for problem situations where a second independent input related to the interfering process but not to the signal itself can be easily obtained. This input is called the 'reference' and is used, after suitable filtering, to cancel the interference in the main or primary input. This filtering process is adaptive and is based on the Least Mean Square algorithm of Widrow and Hoff. The algorithm is applied here so as to minimize the output power of the system on the basis of measurements at the system terminals. The adaptive algorithm requires no a priori knowledge about the properties of the system inputs, but a certain amount of qualitative a priori knowledge is required for the proper design of the built in system parameters. In as much as the required signal itself is not filtered, it remains undistorted by the noise cancelling process. Some aspects of the implementation and practical application of adaptive filters are briefly discussed. The successful application of the noise cancelling concept, using a real-time hybrid adaptive signal processor, in two distinctly different practical situations is described. (Modified author abstract)
<title>Contact stresses and their optical effects in biconvex optical elements</title> (1995)

Stress analyses by the finite element and theory of elasticity methods are used to predict the stress fields and intensities in biconvex lenses subject to the contact forces of mounting. In particular, the effects of contact stresses produced by retainer rings are investigated. Typical retainer ring geometries are utilized in the study. Stress distribution data are related to the stress birefringent characteristics of glass, and the effects of mounting forces on the performance of optical elements are predicted. Optical retardation due to stress birefringence as a function of lens radius is presented in graphical form. Results of the numerical analyses are verified by the photoelastic method. Effects on lenses using typical mounting methods are investigated and compared to the analytic predictions. Experimental results correlate well with the analytical predictions. Results of this research indicate that properly designed and constructed retainer ring mounts produce localized stress birefringence effects which occur only in the area of contact.
Onychomycosis: Potential of Nail Lacquers in Transungual Delivery of Antifungals (2016)

Onychomycosis constitutes the most common fungal infection of the nail (skin beneath the nail bed) that affects the finger as well as toe nails. It is an infection that is initiated by yeasts, dermatophytes, and nondermatophyte molds. Nail lacquers are topical solutions intended only for use on fingernails as well as toenails and have been found to be useful in the treatment of onychomycosis. Thus, in the present review an attempt has been made to focus on the treatment aspects of onychomycosis and the ungual delivery of antifungals via nail lacquer. Several patents issued on nail lacquer till date have also been discussed. Penetration efficiency was assessed by several researchers across the human nail plate to investigate the potentiality of nail lacquer based formulations. Various clinical trials have also been conducted in order to evaluate the safety and efficacy of nail lacquers in delivering antifungal agents. Thus, it can be concluded that nail lacquer based preparations are efficacious and stable formulations. These possess tremendous potential for clinical topical application to the nail bed in the treatment of onychomycosis.