gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HMR 1556, A Potent and Selective Blocker of Slowly Activating Delayed Rectifier Potassium Current (2003)

The slowly activating delayed rectifier potassium current (IKs) contributes prominently to ventricular repolarization of the cardiac action potential. Development of a selective IKs blocker is important for the elucidation of the physiologic and pathophysiologic relevance of IKs and the development of antiarrhythmic strategies. HMR 1556 [(3R,4S)-(+)-N-[3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-6-(4,4,4-trifluorobutoxy) chroman-4-yl]-N-methylmethanesulfonamide] is a new chromanol derivative developed as a selective IKs blocker. Chromanol 293B, the most specific IKs blocker currently available, also inhibits the transient outward current (Ito). HMR 1556 was examined for its effects on IKs compared with rapidly activating delayed rectifier (IKr), inward rectifier (IK1), Ito, and L-type calcium (ICa.L) currents in canine left ventricular myocytes. HMR 1556 (0.5-500 nM ) inhibited IKs in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 of 10.5 nM, compared with chromanol 293B's IC50 of 1.8microM). Inhibition of Ito was observed only at relatively high concentrations (IC50 of 33.9 microM comparable to chromanol 293B's IC of 38 microM). High concentrations of HMR 1556 also inhibited ICa.L (IC of 27.5 microM) and IKr (IC50 of 12.6 microM) while IK1 was unaffected. Our results indicate that HMR 1556 is superior to chromanol 293B in its potency and specificity for inhibition of IKs, making it a valuable experimental tool and a potential therapeutic agent.
Carbon nanotubes as polymer antioxidants (2003)

The oxidation of polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene and poly(vinylidene fluoride) is retarded by carbon nanotubes. Incorporation of boron into the nanotubes enhances the electron affinity of the tubes and leads to a small increase in antioxidant efficiency.
A Pilot Study of Compositional Analysis of the Breast and Estimation of Breast Mammographic Density Using Three-Dimensional T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2008)

MRI provides direct three-dimensional measurement of the proportion of water-based tissue in the breast. It correlates well with visual and computerized percent mammographic density measurements. This method may have direct application in women having breast cancer screening by breast MRI and may aid in determination of risk.
Adapalene: an update on newer comparative studies between the various retinoids (2000)

Recent comparative trials on retinoids have provided new data to aid in the selection of the appropriate combination of topical agents for individual patients.
[Surgical treatment of cancer of the anal canal]. (1998)

The development of radiochemotherapy associations has raised the percentage of sphincters preserved in surgery for anal cancer. These protocols have also made the surgeon's task more difficult as abdomino-perineal amputations, progressively reserved for treatment failures, cause intraoperative and postoperative problems in this type of tissue. Programmed surgery would be the ideal solution and requires a multidisciplinary approach.
Ambivalence in the Christian poetry of C.S. Lewis (1999)

This article examines the ambivalence expressed in certain of the explicitly Christian poems written by C.S. Lewis. As a writer his primary claim to fame is his Christian apologetics, in spite of the fact that he is well thought of in literary circles and produced several scholarly works. In the light of his considered Christian convictions, one would expect his poetry to voice a strong faith and confidence in God However, somewhat ironically, certain of his poems reflect his struggles and doubts concerning faith in an intensely personal register. Nevertheless, in spite of his ambivalent feelings towards God, he retains the certainty that God is able to transcend his human frailty and difficulties. The problem of faith is relevant in our own time, and it therefore seems fitting that we should examine certain of C.S. Lewis's poems in commemoration of the centenary year of his birth.
Splicing mutations of the p53 gene in human hepatocellular carcinoma. (1993)

Point mutations in exons of the tumor suppressor p53 gene occur frequently in many human tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma and are extensively studied. However, intronic point mutations are rare and are totally unknown for hepatocellular carcinoma. By reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction amplification of p53 RNA from hepatocellular carcinoma tissues of 45 Taiwanese patients, we found amplified complementary DNA fragments of abnormal size in 4 (9%) tumor samples. Sequence analysis of these complementary DNA products revealed aberrant retention of intron 7 in one sample, insertion of 49 base pairs of the 3' end of intron 6 in 2 samples, and deletion of exon 4 in the other sample. Direct sequencing of their genomic DNA revealed relevant point mutations at consensus sequence at either the 5' or 3' splice site of intron 7, 6, 6, and 3, respectively. The splicing mutations produced p53 mutants with truncation of COOH-terminus that are identical to those found in lung cancers. Three of the 4 patients with splicing mutations were younger and had huge tumors. The results suggest a possible role of these p53 mutants in the development of human cancers.
Synthesis of antimicrobial agents. VI. Studies on the synthesis of furo(3,2-b)(1,8)naphthyridine derivatives. (1984)

As a part of our search for new antibacterial agents, 5-ethyl-8-oxo-5, 8-dihydrofuro [3, 2-b]-[1, 8] naphthyridine-7-carboxylic acid and its 2, 3-dihydrofuro derivative, the 4-aza analogue of droxacin, were synthesized and their antibacterial activities were tested. Both compounds exhibited high antibacterial activities and a broad antibacterial spectrum. In an attempt to find a suitable method for industrial-scale synthesis of these compounds, several methods for the furan ring cyclization of 6, 7-disubstituted 1, 8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylate derivatives were compared.
A Family Study of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (2000)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a familial disorder. Obsessions are more specific to the phenotype than are compulsions. Age at onset of OCD is valuable in characterizing a familial subtype.
Collagens in the injured porcine intervertebral disc (1994)

Spinal pain often is thought to be due to degeneration and mechanical failure of the intervertebral disc. Since the mechanical strength of the tissue depends on collagen fibers, the present study was designed to investigate the reactions in collagen metabolism after an experimentally induced disc injury. Five domestic pigs underwent an incision in the anterior part of the annulus fibrosus of disc L4-L5 through a retroperitoneal approach. The animals were killed 3 months postoperatively, and the injured discs and intact discs (controls) from different animals were removed for chemical analysis. Slices were cut from seven different parts across the disc. The concentration of total collagen (hydroxyproline [Hyp]), the activities of the two key enzymes in collagen biosynthesis (prolyl 4-hydroxylase [PH] and galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase [GGT]), and the concentration of mature collagen crosslinks (hydroxypyridinium [HP]) were determined. In all experimental discs, the morphology had changed considerably: the nucleus pulposus was small, fibrous, and yellowish. The annular lamellar structure was partially destroyed and had been replaced by granulation tissue in the region of the injury. Large osteophytes had formed at the ventral edges of the vertebral bodies. In the nucleus pulposus, the Hyp concentration and the activities of PH and GGT were significantly increased, whereas the water content had decreased. The concentration of HP crosslinks was decreased in the anterior annulus fibrosus.
True random number generation using CMOS Boolean chaotic oscillator (2015)

We report on a random number generator whose randomness derives from a Boolean chaotic oscillator, designed and fabricated as an integrated circuit. The underlying physics of chaotic dynamics in the Boolean chaotic oscillator is verified by time domain analysis , frequency domain analysis , and computation of Lyapunov exponents . To test the hypothesis physically, a discrete Boolean chaotic oscillator is implemented using commercial chips on printed circuit boards . Using a CMOS 0.35 μm process, we build a CMOS Boolean chaotic oscillator, which consists of a core chaotic oscillator and a source follower buffer. The quality of the measured bit sequences makes a suitable randomness source, and its property is analyzed using NIST standard statistical tests after subsequent post-processings. This circuit requires 0.087 nJ for a generation of single random bit with the chip area of 0.057 mm 2 .
Radical-mediated reduction of the dithiocarbamate group under tin-free conditions (2012)

Reductive desulfurisation of dithiocarbamates is conveniently achieved using H(3)PO(2)-Et(3)N-ACCN in refluxing dioxane. Fused and spirocyclic β-lactams, prepared through 4-exo trig carbamoyl radical cyclisation-dithiocarbamate group transfer reactions, are reduced without fragmentation of the strained 4-membered ring. Diethyl tetraacetyl-d-glucopyranosyl dithiocarbamate is selectively reduced with or without acyloxy group migration depending on reaction conditions and choice of reductant. Deuterium incorporation from D(3)PO(2)-Et(3)N is observed for a system involving a nucleophilic radical intermediate, but not in the case of the electrophilic radical obtained through acyloxy group migration on a glucose derivative.
Cathepsin B expression and laminin degradation as factors influencing prognosis of surgically treated patients with lung adenocarcinoma. (1994)

We examined, immunohistochemically, tissues from primary lung adenocarcinomas. In 142 tumors, the mean overall labeling percentage of cathepsin B was 26.5 +/- 22.3 (SD). The mean labeling percentage of cathepsin B in cases with stage I disease was lower than that in cases with stages IIIA, IIIB, or IV disease (P < 0.05). Of the 115 tumors examined for laminin-positive basement membranes, 54 (47%) had a continuous pattern and 61 (53%) had a discontinuous pattern. The mean labeling percentage of cathepsin B was 35.0 +/- 24.2 in tumors with a discontinuous pattern, compared with the 21.9 +/- 16.9 in those with a continuous pattern (P < 0.01). The overall 5-year survival rates of patients with high and low cathepsin B expressions were 26% and 77%, respectively (P < 0.01), including 45% and 94% for patients with stage I disease, respectively (P < 0.01), and 15% and 60% for those with stage IIIB disease, respectively (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis using the Cox life table regression model showed cathepsin B to be a significantly independent factor associated with death due to the disease. We conclude from this study that tumors with a discontinuous pattern of laminin have a higher percentage of cathepsin B, and the survival rate was poor for patients with a high expression of cathepsin B. Thus, cathepsin B may be useful in assessing prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.
Baseline and salt‐stimulated paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in patients with chronic liver disease: relation to disease severity (2009)

Baseline and stimulated PON1 and ARE activities are reduced in patients with chronic liver disease. Serum ARE activity could be a suitable biomarker for the evaluation of the presence and severity of chronic liver damage.
Long Cable Phy For IEEE1394 (1998)

This paper describes a new PHY of IEEE1394, that stretches cable length fkom 4.5m to 1OOm. The developed PHY can use UTP5 or POF, by changing a part of PHY of conventional IEEE 1394.
Mechanical Assemblies: Their Design, Manufacture, and Role in Product Development (2004)

Table of Contents 1. What is Assembley and Why is it Important? 2. Assembley Requirements and Key Characteristics 3. Mathematical and Feature Models of Assemblies 4. Constraint in Assembley 5. Dimensioning and Tolerancing Parts and Assemblies 6. Modeling and Managing Variation Buildup in Assemblies 7. Assembley Sequence Analysis 8. The Datum Flow Chain 9. Assembley Gross and Fine Motions 10. Assembley of Compliantly Supported Rigid Parts 11. Assembley of Compliant Parts 12. Assembley in the Large: The Impact of Assembley on Product Development 13. How to Analyze Existing Products in Detail 14. Product Architecture 15. Design for Assembley and Other Llites 16. Assembley System Design 17. Assembley Workstation Design Issues 18. Economic Analysis of Assembley Systems
Comment (2003)

David P. Baker makes a significant contribution to the understanding of cross-national education differences by synthesizing many studies that he and his colleagues have done with the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) data and by drawing policy implications from that synthesis. This paper not only addresses the issue of poor performance of the average American student from an international perspective, but also pays attention to the poorer achievement of disadvantaged students in the United States. Baker's paper provides a comprehensive look into school effect by combining a complex array of the TIMSS data on school input, process, context, and outcomes. However, the paper also reveals the limitations of the current TIMSS data, as well as limitations in Baker's studies as they relate to critical policy questions.
Initial Stages of GaAs Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth on Porous Si (1991)

The initial stages of GaAs films on porous Si grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) have been investigated using reflection high-energy electron diffraction and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. We found that the surface morphology of porous Si layers was deteriorated by annealing both with and without arsenic exposure, resulting in highly microfaceted surfaces and causing large-size island formation at the initial stages of MBE growth. Such deterioration is considered to introduce numerous defects in GaAs/porous Si interfaces.
Landmark recognition for autonomous mobile robots (2003)

A novel approach for landmark recognition based on the perception, reasoning, action, and expectation (PREACTE) paradigm is presented for the navigation of autonomous mobile robots. PREACTE uses expectations to predict the appearance and disappearance of objects, thereby reducing computational complexity and locational uncertainty. It uses an innovative concept called dynamic model matching (DMM), which is based on the automatic generation of landmark description at different ranges and aspect angles and uses explicit knowledge about maps and landmarks. Map information is used to generate an expected site model (ESM) for search delimitation, given the location and velocity of the mobile robot. The landmark recognition vision system generates 2-D and 3-D scene models from the observed scene. The ESM hypotheses are verified by matching them to the image model. Experimental results that verify the performance of the PREACTE and DMM algorithms for real imagery are also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Balance scheduling: weighting branch tradeoffs in superblocks (1999)

Since there is generally insufficient instruction level parallelism within a single basic block, higher performance is achieved by speculatively scheduling operations in superblocks. This is difficult in general because each branch competes for the processor's limited resources. Previous work manages the performance tradeoffs that exist between branches only indirectly. We show here that dependence and resource constraints can be used to gather explicit knowledge about scheduling tradeoffs between branches. The first contribution of this paper is a set of new, tighter lower bounds on the execution times of superblocks that specifically accounts for the dependence and resource conflicts between pairs of branches. The second contribution of this paper is a novel superblock scheduling heuristic that finds high performance schedules by determining the operations that each branch needs to be scheduled early and selecting branches with compatible needs that favor beneficial branch tradeoffs. Performance evaluations for superblocks from SPECint95 indicate that our bounds are very tight and that our scheduling heuristic outperforms well known superblock scheduling algorithms.
Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and liver histology in patients with chronic hepatitis C (1998)

Objective: The clinical and morphological significance of a raised alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level in patients with chronic hepatitis C is undefined. We sought to determine the relation between serum AFP level and liver histology in this population. Methods: We reviewed the clinical and histological records of 200 consecutively evaluated patients with chronic hepatitis C whose serum AFP levels were recorded. Two groups were studied: group I = 125/200 (62%) patients with normal AFP, < 10 ng/ml; and group II = 75/200 (38%) patients with raised AFP, > 10 ng/ml. The groups were compared according to age, gender, duration of disease, histology, and history of alcohol abuse. Results: There was no significant difference in serum AFP based on age, gender, alcohol consumption, or disease duration. Significant histological differences were observed: cirrhosis was present in 57 (45%) patients in group I versus 51 (68%) in group II (p < 0.001). Hepatocellular carcinoma was more frequent in group II (14/75 [19%]) than in group I (1/125 [1%]) (p < 0.001). Ten of 77 (13%) noncirrhotic patients and 51/108 (47%) cirrhotic patients had a raised AFP (p < 0.002; relative risk, 3.262; confidence interval [C.I.], 1.912–5.564). A derived AFP level of 17.8 ng/ml maximized specificity for predicting histological outcome: one of 76 (1.3%), 29/108 (26.8%), and 14/15 (93.3%) patients were noncirrhotic, cirrhotic, or had HCC, respectively. This derived AFP value is 35% sensitive and 98.6% specific for cirrhosis, with a positive predictive value of 97.7%. Conclusions: A serum AFP level >17.8 ng/ml strongly suggests the diagnosis of cirrhosis in a population of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF GUANIDINE AND 2‐AMINOIMIDAZOL‐2‐INE DERIVATIVES (1981)

Abstract Es werden auf den im Formelschema angegebenen Wegen Substituierte Guanidinderivate wie (III), (V) und (X) sowie substituierte Amino‐imidazo‐ 0A line wie (XI), (XII) und (XV) hergestellt.
Programmed death 1 ligand signaling regulates the generation of adaptive Foxp3 <sup>+</sup> CD4 <sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells (2008)

Although mature dendritic cells (DCs) are potent initiators of adaptive immune response, immature steady-state DCs contribute to immune tolerance. In this study, we show that ex vivo splenic DCs are capable of inducing conversion of naïve CD4(+) T cells to adaptive Foxp3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells (aTreg) in the presence of TGF-beta. In particular, when compared with splenic CD8alpha(-) DCs, the CD8alpha(+) DC subset were superior in inducing higher frequencies of conversion. This was not attributable to the difference in basal level of costimulation, because deficiency of CD40 or CD80/86 signaling did not diminish the differential induction of Foxp3. Conversion was regulated by DC maturation status. Further insights into the molecular mechanisms of conversion were gained by analyzing the contribution of several costimulatory and coinhibitory receptors. Costimulatory signals through GITR suppressed conversion, whereas coinhibitory signaling via programmed death 1 ligand (PD-L1) but not PD-L2 was required for conversion. Ex vivo PD-L1(-/-) DCs failed to support Foxp3 induction in the presence of TGF-beta. In vivo blocking PD-L1 signaling abolished conversion in a tumor-induced aTreg conversion model. Collectively, this study highlights the cellular and molecular parameters that might be exploited to control the de novo generation of aTregs and peripheral tolerance.
CMOS circuit design for minimum dynamic power and highest speed (2004)

A new low-power design method produces CMOS circuits that consume the least dynamic power at the highest speed permitted under the technology constraint. A gate is characterized by an inertial delay and separate delays between its inputs and output. The technology constraint, related to feasible ranges of lengths and widths of transistors, is specified by a parameter u/sub b/. It is the upper bound on the difference between the input to output delays corresponding to any pair of inputs of a gate. We formulate a linear program (LP) whose size is proportional to the circuit size. This LP determines the inertial delay as well as input to output delays for each gate of the circuit with the given u/sub b/, such that all glitches are eliminated and the overall delay of the circuit is minimized. Because of the additional flexibility in specifying gate delays, the glitch suppression is guaranteed without any delay buffers. Hence this design consumes less power than those designed by other methods. We designed the circuit c1355 with 46% of the original power dissipation compared to a reference design. A previously published method, that characterizes each gate with a single delay, produced a c1355 circuit consuming 58% of the original power. Both low-power circuits had the same overall delay. The previous design required 224 delay buffers, whereas the new design needed none.
New Aminophenylsilsesquioxanes—Synthesis, Properties, and Epoxy Nanocomposites (2006)

New aminophenylsilsesquioxanes, dodecaaminophenylsilsesquioxane (NH2PhSiO1.5)12 (DAPS), and hexadecaaminooctaphenylsilsesquioxane ((NH2)2PhSiO1.5)8 (HDAPS), were prepared from dodecaphenylsilsesquioxane (PhSiO1.5)12 (DPS), and octaphenylsilsesquioxane (PhSiO1.5)8 (OPS), by nitration in fuming HNO3, followed by reduction with HCO2H/Et3N/Pd/C. The effects of the cage structure and numbers of NH2 groups on the chemical and physical properties of these compounds were compared with octaaminophenylsilsesquioxane (NH2PhSiO1.5)8 (OAPS), and analogous epoxy resin nanocomposites. The cage structure does not affect nitration patterns (primarily meta and para), but affects coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs), likely because of overall crosslink densities and because of the epoxy tether structures joining cube vertices. CTEs as low as 25 ± 2 ppm°C–1 were found, perhaps the lowest reported for an unfilled epoxy resin. The thermal stabilities of synthesized HDAPS epoxy nanocomposites were 20–30°C lower than those made with OAPS. This result may be a consequence of less-complete curing due to gelation before stoichiometric curing, caused by the much higher crosslink densities in OAPS.
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTELECTRON SPECTROSCOPYDavid M. HerculesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1970, 42, 1, 20A–40APublication Date (Print):January 1, 1970Publication History Published online23 May 2012Published inissue 1 January 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60283a717https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60283a717research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts