gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell proliferation and protein synthesis (keratinization) in bovine hoof during the onset and recovery from clinical lameness (1998)

Lameness is a major cause of lost production, economic loss and compromised welfare in dairy cows. The majority of bovine lameness results from damage to the hoof, culminating in solear lesions and inflammation of the laminae (laminitis). Management factors predisposing to laminitis have been identified, but little is known about the biology of hoof development. Impaired keratinization has been linked histologically with subsequent laminitis, but factors regulating keratinization are unknown. We have developed a tissue culture technique for measuring cell proliferation and keratinization in hoof explants obtained by biopsy.
Estrogen Receptor α Inhibits p53-Mediated Transcriptional Repression: Implications for the Regulation of Apoptosis (2007)

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and tumor suppressor protein p53 exert opposing effects on cellular proliferation. As a transcriptional regulator, p53 is capable of activating or repressing various target genes. We have previously reported that ERalpha binds directly to p53, leading to down-regulation of transcriptional activation by p53. In addition to transcriptional activation, transcriptional repression of a subset of target genes by p53 plays important roles in diverse biological processes, such as apoptosis. Here, we report that ERalpha inhibits p53-mediated transcriptional repression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays reveal that ERalpha interacts in vivo with p53 bound to promoters of Survivin and multidrug resistance gene 1, both targets for transcriptional repression by p53. ERalpha binding to p53 leads to inhibition of p53-mediated transcriptional regulation of these genes in human cancer cells. Transcriptional derepression of Survivin by ERalpha is dependent on the p53-binding site on the Survivin promoter, consistent with our observation that p53 is necessary for ERalpha to access the promoters. Importantly, mutagenic conversion of this site to an activation element enabled ERalpha to repress p53-mediated transcriptional activation. Further, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of ERalpha resulted in reduced Survivin expression and enhanced the propensity of MCF-7 cells to undergo apoptosis in response to staurosporine treatment, an effect that was blocked by exogenous expression of Survivin. These results unravel a novel mechanism by which ERalpha opposes p53-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cells. The findings could have translational implications in developing new therapeutic and prevention strategies against breast cancer.
Rational selection of substrates to improve color intensity and uniformity on microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (2014)

A systematic investigation was conducted to study the effect of paper type on the analytical performance of a series of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) fabricated using a CO2 laser engraver. Samples included three different grades of Whatman chromatography paper, and three grades of Whatman filter paper. According to the data collected and the characterization performed, different papers offer a wide range of flow rate, thickness, and pore size. After optimizing the channel widths on the μPAD, the focus of this study was directed towards the color intensity and color uniformity formed during a colorimetric enzymatic reaction. According to the results herein described, the type of paper and the volume of reagents dispensed in each detection zone can determine the color intensity and uniformity. Therefore, the objective of this communication is to provide rational guidelines for the selection of paper substrates for the fabrication of μPADs.
Polymerization of cyclic iminoethers. V. 1,3‐oxazolines with hydroxy‐, acetoxy‐, and carboxymethyl‐alkyl groups in the 2 position and their polymers (1968)

Abstract Oxazolines containing carbomethoxy‐, acetoxy‐, and hydroxy‐alkyl groups on the side chain were prepared and polymerized. The properties of the polymers were investigated.
Recombinant soluble receptors for the Fcγ portion inhibit antibody production <i>in vitro</i> (1989)

The problem of the structural relationship between suppressive IgG-binding factor and low-affinity receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (Fc gamma RII) has not yet been solved. In the present work we have isolated a recombinant soluble Fc gamma RII containing only the two external domains of Fc gamma RII, and analyzed its biochemical characteristics and biological activity. A cDNA encoding Fc gamma RII was mutated by the creation of a stop codon at the Lys175 codon. L cells have been transfected with this cDNA inserted into an expression vector. A cell line was obtained that secretes recombinant soluble Fc gamma RII which reacts with a monoclonal anti-Fc gamma RII antibody and binds to IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b murine isotypes but not to IgG3 or F(ab')2 fragments of IgG2a. The secreted molecule contains two molecular species of relative molecular mass (Mr) 44,000 and 34,000-38,000 and of pI 4.5 and 6.3. They correspond to different glycosylations of a single polypeptide of Mr 19,000. After purification to homogeneity, soluble Fc gamma RII has found to suppress secondary and primary in vitro antibody responses in a dose-dependent way. The present work shows that recombinant soluble Fc gamma RII has biochemical characteristics, immunoreactivity and biological activity similar to those of suppressive IgG-binding factor.
Isotype distribution and clinical significance of antibodies to cardiolipin, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine in systemic lupus erythematosus: prospective analysis of a series of 92 patients. (1997)

We found a relatively high prevalence of aCL, aPA, aPI and aPS in our SLE population and confirmed the presence of a correlation between the IgG isotype of these antibodies and thrombosis and thrombocytopenia, and also between the IgM isotype and hemolytic anemia. These results demonstrate the variety of antiphospholipid antibodies that can be detected in SLE patients, as well as their association with the clinical manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome.
A novel high power density permanent magnet variable-speed motor (1993)

A novel polyphase, multipole, permanent magnet (PM) motor which possesses high power density, high efficiency and excellent controllability, yet can be produced by conventional fabrication techniques, is proposed. The basic operating principles, design features, performance analysis and control system are described. The experimental results for a 5 kW, 1500 RPM prototype PM motor and its comparison with other types of motors such as switched reluctance motors and induction motors are given. This motor also has superior dynamic performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Genetic Organization of the Chromosome Region Surrounding <i>mecA</i> in Clinical Staphylococcal Strains: Role of IS <i>431</i> -Mediated <i>mecI</i> Deletion in Expression of Resistance in <i>mecA</i> -Carrying, Low-Level Methicillin- Resistant <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> (2001)

We report on the structural diversity of mecA gene complexes carried by 38 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and 91 methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains of seven different species with a special reference to its correlation with phenotypic expression of methicillin resistance. The most prevalent and widely disseminated mec complex had the structure mecI-mecR1-mecA-IS431R (or IS431mec), designated the class A mecA gene complex. In contrast, in S. haemolyticus, mecA was bracketed by two copies of IS431, forming the structure IS431L-mecA-IS431R. Of the 38 S. haemolyticus strains, 5 had low-level methicillin resistance (MIC, 1 to 4 mg/liter) and characteristic heterogeneous methicillin resistance as judged by population analysis. In these five strains, IS431L was located to the left of an intact mecI gene, forming the structure IS431L-class A mecA-gene complex. In other S. haemolyticus strains, IS431L was associated with the deletion of mecI and mecR1, forming the structure IS431L-DeltamecR1-mecA-IS431mec, designated the class C mecA gene complex. Mutants with the class C mecA gene complex were obtained in vitro by selecting strain SH621, containing the IS431L-class A mecA gene complex with low concentrations of methicillin (1 and 3 mg/liter). The mutants had intermediate level of methicillin resistance (MIC, 16 to 64 mg/liter). The mecA gene transcription was shown to be derepressed in a representative mutant strain, SH621-37. Our study indicated that the mecI-encoded repressor function is responsible for the low-level methicillin resistance of some S. haemolyticus clinical strains and that the IS431-mediated mecI gene deletion causes the expression of methicillin resistance through the derepression of mecA gene transcription.
DREX: Developer Recommendation with K-Nearest-Neighbor Search and Expertise Ranking (2011)

This paper proposes a new approach called DREX (Developer Recommendation with k-nearest-neighbor search and Expertise ranking) to developer recommendation for bug resolution based on K-Nearest-Neighbor search with bug similarity and expertise ranking with various metrics, including simple frequency and social network metrics. We collect Mozilla Fire fox open bug repository as the experimental data set and compare different ranking metrics on the performance of recommending capable developers for bugs. Our experimental results demonstrate that, when recommending 10 developers for each one of the 250 testing bugs, DREX has produced better performance than traditional methods with multi-labeled text categorization. The best performance obtained by two metrics as Out-Degree and Frequency, is with recall as 0.6 on average. Moreover, other social network metrics such as Degree and Page Rank have produced comparable performance on developer recommendation as Frequency when used for developer expertise ranking.
8‐Oxodeoxyguanosine Formation in the DNA of Cultured Cells After Exposure to H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Alone or with UVB or UVA Irradiation (1996)

The objective of the present study was to establish whether H2O2 alone or in the presence of UVA or UVB would give rise to formation of the oxidatively damaged DNA base 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) in cultured adult rat liver (ARL-18) epithelial cells. Hydrogen peroxide alone at 5 mM increased 8-oxo-dG levels by 42% of that of culture control. Compared to culture control, UVB exposure at a dose of 0.63 J/cm2 elevated 8-oxo-dG levels only 8.4%. In the presence of 5 mM H2O2 + UVB (0.63 J/cm2), 8-oxo-dG levels were elevated 155% above culture control suggesting a synergistic effect. A UVA dose of 10 J/cm2 did not elevate 8-oxo-dG levels above culture control. In the presence of 5 mM H2O2 plus UVA (12 J/cm2), 8-oxo-dG levels were elevated 310% above controls compared with an increase of 75.8% above control levels at the same dose in the absence of H2O2. These results reveal that both UVA or UVB can promote H2O2 generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in whole cells resulting in an increase in the formation of 8-oxo-dG, although the photodynamic generation of ROS from H2O2 occurs with a much higher efficiency in the presence of UVB. Our study also demonstrates that 8-oxo-dG can be generated in cellular DNA of whole cells exposed to H2O2 and UVA or UVB, indicating that the ROS generated in whole cell systems are long enough lived to migrate to the nucleus and cause DNA damage.
Machines à réluctance variable (1986)

1 Principe des machines à réluctance variable 1.1 Définition élémentaire 1.2 Structures de base 2 Calcul du couple. Énergie, coénergie 3 Classification des structures de machines à réluctance variable 3.1 MRV à un seul circuit électrique (machines monophasées) 3.11 Expression du
Inverse correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease. (1996)

Patients with IBD were less likely to be infected with H pylori than their age and sex matched controls. Neither medical treatment nor socioeconomic factors could explain the difference.
Erasure Detection Algorithms for Magnetic Recording Channels (2004)

The effects of precoding on the detection of erasures based on violations of run-length-limited (RLL) constraints for low-density parity-check (LDPC) coded magnetic recording channels are investigated and an improved erasure detection algorithm is proposed. Its performance on an ME/sup 2/PR4 channel is evaluated using computer simulations.
Tip Clearance Control Using Plasma Actuators (2005)

Abstract : This report documents experimental results from a series of experiments using active flow control to improve the performance and efficiency of turbine tip clearance flows. The flow control was based on plasma actuators. Two experimental facilities were used as part of this research project. The first was a low-speed, large-scale turbine cascade using Pak-B turbine blades. The second was a smaller scale, high-speed cascade with low aspect ratio. The active flow control was design to act as a plasma squealer. Specifically, the plasma force was oriented perpendicular to the camber line in order to resist the leakage flow through the tip gap. Both steady and unsteady forcing was used as a method for manipulating natural jet-like instabilities that existed as the leakage flow separated in the tip gap. The results have indicated that the unsteady plasma forcing was as effective as the passive squealer geometry in reducing the losses that occurred in the wake of the blade tip.
The vertex-disjoint menger problem in planar graphs (1993)

We consider the problem of finding a maximum collection of vertex-disjoint paths in undirected, planar graphs from a vertex $s$ to a vertex $t$. This problem is usually solved using flow techniques, which lead to ${\cal O}(nk)$ and ${\cal O}(n\sqrt{n})$ running times, respectively, where $n$ is the number of vertices and $k$ the maximum number of vertex-disjoint $(s,t)$-paths. The best previously known algorithm is based on a divide-and-conquer approach and has running time ${\cal O}(n\log n)$. The approach presented here is completely different from these methods and yields a linear-time algorithm.
Point mutagenesis of the ovalbumin gene promoter sequence and its effect on in vitro transcription. (1982)

The role of the eucaryotic T-A-T-A box (Hogness box) homology sequence located approximately 30 base pairs upstream from the RNA initiation site has been further examined by oligodeoxynucleotide-directed site-specific mutagenesis. A method was employed which allows insertion of nucleotide-specific mutations into virtually any double-stranded, recombinant plasmid DNA. A synthetic mixed oligonucleotide, bearing defined multiple nucleotide substitutions at a single site, was used both as a specific mutagen during primed DNA repair synthesis in vitro, as well as a highly sensitive hybridization probe for the identification of the mutated cloned DNA. Using this methodology, an A leads to G transition mutation was introduced into the second position of the ovalbumin gene T-[A]-T-A box, and the effect of modifying this highly conserved nucleotide on the expression of the mutant DNA was analyzed in a cell-free transcription system. Comparison of two allelic ovalbumin genes, slightly divergent upstream from the TATA box, resulted in identical in vitro transcription efficiencies. While correct initiation of ovalbumin RNA transcripts was not affected, the efficiency of gene expression using the mutant template, compared to either the corresponding wild-type sequence or the allelic gene, was markedly reduced. These results suggest that it is the T-A-T-A box sequence which plays a role in the efficient initiation of RNA transcription in vitro and further supports the implication that this region may serve a promoter-related function in eucaryotic transcription.
Phosphorylation of serine 985 negatively regulates the hepatocyte growth factor receptor kinase. (1994)

The receptor for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) is an alpha beta tyrosine kinase of 190 kDa which mediates growth and motility in several cell types. We have previously shown that tyrosine autophosphorylation enhances the receptor kinase activity, while serine phosphorylation by protein kinase C or other Ca(2+)-dependent kinase(s) is inhibitory. We now identify Ser985 as the major phosphorylation site for the protein kinases responsible for such inhibition. Both phorbol esters or Ca2+ ionophore treatment induces phosphorylation of the same tryptic phosphopeptide corresponding to the sequence Leu983-Arg987 located in the juxta-membrane domain of the receptor beta chain. Purified protein kinase C phosphorylates in vitro a synthetic peptide (V14S) including Ser985. Trypsin digestion of the phosphorylated V14S generates a single phosphopeptide comigrating in reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with the tryptic peptide phosphorylated in vivo. Phorbol ester treatment of cultured cells inhibits the ligand-induced tyrosine autophosphorylation of the receptor. In vitro, Ser985 phosphorylation inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinase activity on exogenous substrates. Substitution of Ser985 by site-directed mutagenesis results in increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor and abolishes down-modulation by protein kinase C. These data show that phosphorylation of Ser985 is a key mechanism for the negative regulation of HGF/SF receptor.
Beta Cell Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance (2013)

Beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are inherently complex with their interrelation for triggering the pathogenesis of diabetes also somewhat undefined. Both pathogenic states induce hyperglycemia and therefore increase insulin demand. Beta cell dysfunction results from inadequate glucose sensing to stimulate insulin secretion therefore elevated glucose concentrations prevail. Persistently elevated glucose concentrations above the physiological range result in the manifestation of hyperglycemia. With systemic insulin resistance, insulin signaling within glucose recipient tissues is defective therefore hyperglycemia perseveres. Beta cell dysfunction supersedes insulin resistance in inducing diabetes. Both pathological states influence each other and presumably synergistically exacerbate diabetes. Preserving beta cell function and insulin signaling in beta cells and insulin signaling in the glucose recipient tissues will maintain glucose homeostasis.
A Carborane‐Derivative “Click” Reaction under Heterogeneous Conditions for the Synthesis of a Promising Lipophilic MRI/GdBNCT Agent (2012)

In this study, the Huisgen reaction has been used to functionalise a carborane cage with a lipophilic moiety and a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) ligand to obtain a new Gd boron neutron-capture therapy (BNCT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agent. The introduction of the triazole units has been accomplished under both heterogeneous conditions, by the use of a Cu-supported ionic-liquid catalyst, and homogeneous conditions. The ability of the Gd complex of the synthesised ligand to form stable adducts with low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) has been evaluated and then MRI has been performed on tumour melanoma cells incubated in the presence of a Gd-complex/LDL imaging probe. It has been concluded that the high amount of intracellular boron necessary to perform BNCT can be reached even in the presence of a relatively low-boron-containing LDL concentration.
GEN3D: A GENESIS database 2D to 3D transformation program (1989)

GEN3D is a three-dimensional mesh generation program. The three- dimensional mesh is generated by mapping a two-dimensional mesh into three dimensions according to one of four types of transformations: translating, rotating, mapping onto a spherical surface, and mapping onto a cylindrical surface. The generated three-dimensional mesh can then be reoriented by offsetting, reflecting about an axis, and revolving about an axis. GEN3D can be used to mesh geometries that are axisymmetric or planar, but, due to three-dimensional loading or boundary conditions, require a three-dimensional finite element mesh and analysis. More importantly, it can be used to mesh complex three-dimensional geometries composed of several sections when the sections can be defined in terms of transformations of two-dimensional geometries. The code GJOIN is then used to join the separate sections into a single body. GEN3D reads and writes two-dimensional and three- dimensional mesh databases in the GENESIS database format; therefore, it is compatible with the preprocessing, postprocessing,and analysis codes used by the Engineering Analysis Department at Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM. 19 refs., 7 figs.
Selective response of ternary complex factor Sap1a to different mitogen-activated protein kinase subgroups. (1996)

Mitogenic and stres signals results in the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases (SAPK/JNKs), respectively, which are two subgroups of the mitogen-activated protein kinases. A nuclear target of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases is the ternary complex factor Elk-1, which underlies its involvement in the regulation of c-fos gene expression by mitogenic and stress signals. A second ternary complex factor, Sap1a, is coexpressed with Elk-1 in several cell types and shares attributes of Elk-1, the significance of which is not clear. Here we show that Sap1a is phosphorylated efficiently by ERKs but not by SAPK/JNKs. Serum response factor-dependent ternary complex formation by Sap1a is stimulated by ERK phosphorylation but not by SAPK/JNKs. Moreover, Sap1a-mediated transcription is activated by mitogenic signals but not by cell stress. These results suggest that Sap1a and Elk-1 have distinct physiological functions.
Ibopamine kinetics after a single oral dose in healthy volunteers. (1986)

In order to describe kinetics after single administration and to test dose independence in the therapeutic dose range, ibopamine (SB-7505), the 3,4-diisobutyrylester of N-methyldopamine (epinine), was given orally to six healthy volunteers at multiple dose levels in a cross-over fashion. Doses employed were 50, 100 and 200 mg with a wash-out period of at least three days between doses. Plasma levels were studied after the 100 mg dose, and urinary recoveries of the major metabolites were measured after each dose. After oral intake of ibopamine, both conjugated and free epinine were detectable in plasma at the earliest sampling times (i.e. 5-10 min), with a hybrid absorption half-life of 0.25 h. Peak plasma concentration mean values of total and free epinine were 33 mumol/l and 35 nmol/l, respectively, and mean time to plasma peak concentration was 1.5 and 0.71 h, respectively. 24-h urinary recovery of conjugated epinine, homovanillic acid and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid accounted for about two thirds of the dose, without dose-dependent mechanisms affecting total elimination. Presystemic sulfate conjugation as a potentially saturable metabolic step at higher dose levels is discussed, although evidence was not found of its saturation in the studied dose range.