gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Terahertz Plasmonic Cross Resonant Antenna (2011)

We present a novel type of terahertz plasmonic cross resonant antenna capable of focusing light into a single deep subwavelength focal point at its resonance frequency, which consists of two perpendicular dipole antennas with a common feed gap and placed in a square aperture perforated into a metal film. We demonstrate that, on resonance, the antenna can obtain large electromagnetic field intensity enhancement in ranges of four orders of magnitude inside the gap. The simulations show that the resonance frequencies and field intensity enhancements can be flexibly tuned as by altering the geometry parameters of the antenna. Moreover, the near-field enhancement of this antenna is free from the polarization of the incident light.
Human Fibrinogen Heterogeneities (1972)

Abstract The two types of human fibrinogen (Peaks 1 and 2) distinguishable by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose were isolated and the S-sulfo derivatives of the constituent Aα, Bβ, and γ chains separated and examined. No differences were found between the Aα and Bβ chains of Peak 1 fibrinogen and the corresponding chains of Peak 2 fibrinogen with respect to their chromatographic elution profiles, electrophoretic migration at pH 8.6 or 2.7, molecular size, or tryptic peptide maps. By chromatography on CM-cellulose, the γ chains of both types of fibrinogen were resolved into two approximately equal populations, designated γ-I (first eluted) and γ-2. Upon electrophoresis at pH 8.6 or 2.7 both the γ-1 and γ-2 chains of Peak 1 fibrinogen migrated as a single band. The corresponding chromatographically isolated chains of Peak 2 fibrinogen separated into two bands, designated γ and γ'. The γ' chains, which were the more anodal, amounted to about half of the γ chain population of Peak 2 fibrinogen. The γ chains of Peak 2 fibrinogen exhibited the same mobility as the corresponding chains of Peak 1 fibrinogen. The γ:γ' heterogeneity accounts for the charge difference between unmodified Peak 1 and Peak 2 fibrinogen. As assessed by electrophoretic experiments in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate after reduction of disulfide bonds, all γ chain variants were of the same molecular size and were capable of covalent cross-linking.
High Concentrations of Uric Acid Inhibit Angiogenesis via Regulation of the Krüppel-Like Factor 2-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Axis by miR-92a (2015)

This study reported that there is a novel pathway regulating angiogenesis under HUA conditions. In the presence of HUA, miR-92a downregulation increased KLF2 expression, subsequently inhibiting VEGFA, which resulted in decreased angiogenesis. Thus, this study reports a possible mechanism for cardiovascular injury caused by hyperuricemia and suggests that the miR-92a-KLF2-VEGFA axis may be a target for hyperuricemia treatment.
Tapping linked to function and structure in premanifest and symptomatic Huntington disease (2010)

Tapping deficits are evident throughout manifest and premanifest stages. Deficits are more pronounced in later stages and correlate with clinical scores as well as regional brain atrophy, which implies a link between structure and function. The ability to track motor phenotype progression with force-transducer-based tapping measures will be tested prospectively in the TRACK-HD study.
Peroxisomal bifunctional protein from rat liver is a trifunctional enzyme possessing 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and delta 3, delta 2-enoyl-CoA isomerase activities. (1990)

Peroxisomal delta 3, delta 2-enoyl-CoA isomerase (EC 5.3.3.8) was studied in the liver of rats treated with clofibrate. The mitochondrial and peroxisomal isoenzymes were separated chromatographically and the peroxisomal isomerase purified to apparent homogeneity. In addition to the isomerization of 3-enoyl-CoA esters, the purified protein also catalyzed hydration of trans-2-enoyl-CoA and oxidation of L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA. Incubation of the purified protein with trans-3-decenoyl-CoA, NAD+, and Mg2+ resulted in an increase in absorbance at 303 nm, indicating the formation of 3-ketoacyl-CoA. The protein purified was monomeric, with an estimated molecular weight of 78,000. In immunoblotting it was recognized by the antibody to peroxisomal bifunctional protein from rat liver. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of cyanogen bromide cleaved isomerase with the known sequence of the peroxisomal bifunctional protein from the rat identified them as the same molecule. In control experiments, the peroxisomal bifunctional protein purified according to published methods also catalyzed delta 3, delta 2-enoyl-CoA isomerization. This means that the bifunctional protein of rat liver is in fact a trifunctional enzyme possessing delta 3, delta 2-enoyl-CoA isomerase, 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase (EC 4.2.1.17), and L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35) activities in the same polypeptide.
Aerodynamics of human-powered vehicles (2004)

Abstract Since the invention of the modern bicycle in the late 1880s, human-powered cycles have been used for racing. Air resistance can be over 90 per cent of the total retarding force on a bicycle, and consequently the aerodynamics has been a critical factor in increasing racing speeds. This paper reviews the history of aerodynamics in cycling and the physical factors that influence speed. A discussion of the aerodynamic design of both conventional racing bicycles and completely streamlined human-powered vehicles (HPVs) is included. A mathematical model that predicts vehicle speed when human power input and the other key properties are known is presented. At a steady speed of 50km/h, a modern racing bicycle would require about 420 W of power input, while a modern HPV requires only about 75 W, 18 per cent as much. The top speed for a conventional racing bicycle for 200m is about 72km/h, while for an HPV it is about 130km/h (180 per cent greater). At 130km/h a conventional bicycle would require about 5800W (humanly impossible), while a modern HPV requires only 350W, or 6 per cent as much. Reduced aerodynamic drag is almost entirely responsible for these extraordinary differences in power and speed.
Pentacyclic Triterpenes Derived from Maprounea africana Are Potent Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPentacyclic Triterpenes Derived from Maprounea africana Are Potent Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse TranscriptaseThitima Pengsuparp, Lining Cai, Harry H. S. Fong, A. Douglas Kinghorn, John M. Pezzuto, Mansukh C. Wani, and Monroe E. WallCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1994, 57, 3, 415–418Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50105a017https://doi.org/10.1021/np50105a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views208Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spacer alterations which increase the expression of porcine growth hormone in<i>E. coli</i> (1987)

Full-length porcine growth hormone (PGH) cDNA clones were isolated from a porcine pituitary cDNA library. When the coding portion of the PGH gene was cloned into an E. coli expression vector downstream from the powerful trc promoter, high levels of mRNA, but no protein were detected. Mutation directed by an oligodeoxynucleotide primer altered 5'-non-coding sequences and raised the level of PGH produced from undetectable to 15% of the total cellular protein. Alteration of four codons infrequently used by E. coli in the 5'-end of the gene produced no further increases.
Rescue ICSI of unfertilized oocytes after IVF (2002)

Although unfertilized oocytes after IVF can be fertilized by ICSI, the developmental potential of the ensuing embryos is very poor. Therefore, rescue ICSI after total failure of fertilization is not recommended.
Technology Trends in Cement Job Evaluation Using Logging Tools (2017)

Abstract The present article reviews the technology trends in cement job evaluation using logging tools and considers the main advantages and concerns associated with each technology. The technologies covered include recent acoustic tools, temperature logging, noise logging, resistivity logs, oxygen activation logs, X-Ray measurements, Gamma-Gamma density measurements, Neutron-Neutron logging, and fiber-optic measurements. Technology trends in cement logging tools suggest that acoustic measurements such as pulse-echo and flexural measurements may be the leading techniques for cement job evaluation into the next decade. Although temperature logging tools are available and have potential for well integrity evaluation their application for primary cement job evaluation remains limited to top of cement location and qualitative evaluations. Various noise logging tools are commercially available to detect leaks but their application is limited to investigating well integrity issues and not primary cement job verification. Among the technologies and techniques reviewed, theoretically Neutron-Neutron and X-ray measurements may have the potential to be future technologies for cement job evaluation. Neutron-neutron logging tools have the advantage of being already available whereas X-ray logging tools are not yet developed for cement job evaluation. Besides tool availability, power supply, tool size, and data analysis are challenges to be solved when implementing an X-ray based technique.
Oxidative Stress in Chagas Disease (2009)

There is growing evidence to suggest that chagasic myocardia are exposed to sustained oxidative stress induced injuries that may contribute to disease progression. Trypanosoma cruzi invasion- and replication-mediated cellular injuries and immune-mediated cytotoxic reactions are the common source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during acute infection. Mitochondria are proposed to be the major source of ROS in chronic chagasic hearts. However, it has not been established yet, whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a causative factor in chagasic cardiomyopathy or a consequence of other pathological events. A better understanding of oxidative stress in relation to cardiac tissue damage would be useful in the evaluation of its true role in the pathogenesis of Chagas disease and other heart diseases. In this review, we discuss the evidence for increased oxidative stress in chagasic disease, with emphasis on mitochondrial abnormalities, and its role in sustaining oxidative stress in myocardium.
Predicting Viewer Affective Comments Based on Image Content in Social Media (2014)

Visual sentiment analysis is getting increasing attention because of the rapidly growing amount of images in online social interactions and several emerging applications such as online propaganda and advertisement. Recent studies have shown promising progress in analyzing visual affect concepts intended by the media content publisher. In contrast, this paper focuses on predicting what viewer affect concepts will be triggered when the image is perceived by the viewers. For example, given an image tagged with "yummy food," the viewers are likely to comment "delicious" and "hungry," which we refer to as viewer affect concepts (VAC) in this paper. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work explicitly distinguishing intended publisher affect concepts and induced viewer affect concepts associated with social visual content, and aiming at understanding their correlations. We present around 400 VACs automatically mined from million-scale real user comments associated with images in social media. Furthermore, we propose an automatic visual based approach to predict VACs by first detecting publisher affect concepts in image content and then applying statistical correlations between such publisher affect concepts and the VACs. We demonstrate major benefits of the proposed methods in several real-world tasks - recommending images to invoke certain target VACs among viewers, increasing the accuracy of predicting VACs by 20.1% and finally developing a social assistant tool that may suggest plausible, content-specific and desirable comments when users view new images.
Oxygen in sputter‐deposited ZnTe thin films (2006)

Abstract Bandgap‐bowing has been observed in many of the zinc‐group‐VI compounds, when the anion is substituted with an isovalent element. Recently new results on the ZnO 1–x S x and ZnO 1–x Se x system have been presented, but so far only one report on ZnO 1–x Te x is known. We examine the possibility of substituting tellurium by oxygen in sputter‐deposited polycrystalline ZnTe thin‐films and the effects on bandgap energy and crystal structure. A first approximation of the bowing curve with a lower limit of the bowing parameter of 2.7 eV is performed. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Maximal diagnosis of interconnects of random access memories (2003)

This paper presents an approach for the maximal diagnosis of all faults (stuck-at, open and short) in the interconnect of a random access memory (RAM); and the interconnect includes data and address lines. This approach accomplishes maximal diagnosis under a complex model in which the lines in the interconnect of the RAM can be affected by multiple faults. Maximal diagnosis consists of detection and location of all diagnosable faults as well as type identification of multiple faults affecting each line. The proposed algorithm (referred to as the Improved Maximal Diagnosis Algorithm, or IMDA) requires max{n,m-1}+n+3 WRITE and max{n,m}+2n READ, where n is the number of address lines and m is the number of data lines. IMDA executes in three different steps: the first step diagnoses the data lines (and in particular the stuck-at faults); the second step accomplishes maximal diagnosis of the shorts (involving either the data lines only, or the data and address lines); and the third step completes the diagnosis of the address lines.
"Organic Fluorescent Reagents". Part XX. Bimane Fluorogenic Substrates for Microdetermination of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Level in Serum. (1991)

The fluorescence of 9,10-dioxa-syn-3,4,6,7-tetramethylbimane (bimane) was found to be quenched in the presence of nitrated aromatic amino acid. Bimane peptides containing nitrated amino acid (1a, b) were shown to be useful fluorogenic substrates for the assay of angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) from rabbit lung, similar to bimane substrate containing tryptophan (3) previously reported. Among these bimane substrates, substrate 3 was shown to be a potent fluorogenic substrate for microdetermination of the ACE level in human serum.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Left Temporoparietal Cortex and Medication-Resistant Auditory Hallucinations (2003)

These data suggest that the mechanism of AHs involves activation of the left temporoparietal cortex. One-hertz rTMS deserves additional study as a possible treatment for this syndrome.
Semiconductor Yield Analysis and Multi-Chip Package (MCP) Die Pairing Optimization using Statistical-Learning (2006)

In this paper we discuss the advancement and applications of Tree based classification and regression methods to semiconductor data. We begin the paper with a description of the problem, followed by an overview of the statistical-learning techniques we use in our case studies. We then describe how the challenges presented by semiconductor data were addressed with original extensions to tree-based and kernel-based methods. Next, we review four case studies: home sales price prediction, signal identification/separation, final speed bin classification and die pairing optimization for multi-chip packages (MCP). Results from the case studies demonstrate how statistical-learning addresses the challenges presented by semiconductor manufacturing data and enables improved data discovery and prediction when compared to traditional statistical approaches
A 1.9GHz SiGe BiCMOS PHS transceiver with an integrated PA and a fast settling PLL (2005)

A fully integrated PHS (personal handy phone system) transceiver achieving -105 dBm sensitivity and +21 dBm output power is presented. The transceiver is implemented in a 0.35 /spl mu/m SiGe BiCMOS process occupying an area of 13 mm/sup 2/ and dissipating 74 mA in receive mode and 280 mA in transmit from a 3 V supply. The receiver is based on a low-IF architecture and does not require any external filters. The TX integrates a linear +21 dBm power amplifier and achieves 5% EVM and -60 dBc ACP. The transceiver integrates a fractional-N synthesizer with <30 /spl mu/s lock time and -120 dBc/Hz phase noise at 600 kHz offset frequency. The base-band interface is at 1.2 MHz, compatible with commercially available PHS base-band chips to create a two chip solution for PHS phones.
Development of High-Speed Fluorescent X-Ray Micro-Computed Tomography (2004)

A high‐speed fluorescent x‐ray CT (FXCT) system using monochromatic synchrotron x rays was developed to detect very low concentration of medium‐Z elements for biomedical use. The system is equipped two types of high purity germanium detectors, and fast electronics and software. Preliminary images of a 10mm diameter plastic phantom containing channels field with iodine solutions of different concentrations showed a minimum detection level of 0.002 mg I/ml at an in‐plane spatial resolution of 100μm. Furthermore, the acquisition time was reduced about 1/2 comparing to previous system. The results indicate that FXCT is a highly sensitive imaging modality capable of detecting very low concentration of iodine, and that the method has potential in biomedical applications.
Trace-based analysis and tuning for distributed parallel applications (2002)

We present an integrated approach to deal with timestamp consistency, and trace based performance analysis techniques for distributed parallel applications. Our trace generation facility captures message passing and system events such as process dispatch with minimal trace overhead. Trace driven analysis tools are developed for post execution analysis, reporting information such as the time stolen by other processes in each node, and the observed message passing time and local wait time for each message. We then present our techniques to reduce total elapsed times based on observed message passing times and local wait times.
Structural control on sweet-spot distribution in a carbonate reservoir: Concepts and 3-D models (Cogollo Group, Lower Cretaceous, Venezuela) (2005)

Numerous major hydrocarbon accumulations are related to burial diagenesis in carbonate reservoirs; however, three-dimensional (3-D) modeling of such reservoirs is a major challenge. The geometries of diagenetic fronts are poorly understood, and few quantitative data on field and outcrop examples for these diagenetic zones exist. The Early Cretaceous Cogollo carbonates (Urdaneta West field, northwest Venezuela) are an example of deeply buried (5000 m; 1600 ft), diagenetically altered limestones producing from a few high-porosity streaks and fracture corridors. Reservoir sweet spots formed because of the interplay of structural evolution and diagenesis. Structural deformation not only generated a fracture network but also influenced primary facies distribution, circulation of diagenetic fluids, and distribution of early charged paleohighs in the reservoir.The prediction of reservoir sweet spots is of key importance for economic success in the Cogollo carbonates but constitutes a major challenge. This article outlines the genetic relationships between structural evolution and sweet-spot distribution, as well as the workflow developed to transfer these concepts into 3-D geocellular models. These 3-D models include a novel approach to fracture permeability prediction based on a geomechanical approach.The reservoir model predicts sweet spots along leached faults, which are best preserved in early charged paleohighs. The Cogollo and other reservoirs suggest that favorable structural development can generate and retain significant matrix porosity even at great depth. The workflow established and applied might help to maximize field potential in similar settings.
A highly programmable sensor network interface with multiple sensor readout circuits (2004)

This paper presents a Universal Micro-Sensor Interface (UMSI) chip that significantly expands the capability of previously reported generic interface circuits. It implements a new power-conservative network-capable sensor bus, integrates programmable readout circuits for multiple signal modes, and includes a standard interface for application-specific peripherals. Up to 255 UMSI chips can be connected in a microsystem and each UMSI can interface with up to 8 capacitive, resistive, and/or voltage output devices. Fabricated in 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS process with a 2.22mm /spl times/ 2.22mm die size, the chip dissipates from 40 /spl mu/W to 13.5mW (depending on configuration) from a 3 V power supply. It supports several power management features and enables a new class of highly adaptive battery-powered microsystems capable of automatic reconfiguration in the field.
OPTICAL RESONATOR EFFECTS ON THE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION IN He–Ne GAS LASERS DETERMINED FROM SIDE LIGHT MEASUREMENTS (1965)

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State‐space relaxation procedures for the computation of bounds to routing problems (1981)

Abstract It is well‐known that few combinatorial optimization problems can be solved effectively by dynamic programming alone, since the number of vertices of the state space graph is enormous. What we are proposing here is a general relaxation procedure whereby the state‐space associated with a given dynamic programming recursion is relaxed in such a way that the solution to the relaxed recursion provides a bound which could be embedded in general branch and bound schemes for the solution of the problem. This state space relaxation method is analogous to Langrangian relaxation in integer programming. This paper gives a survey of this new methodology, and gives, as examples, applications to the traveling salesman problem (TSP), the time‐constrained TSP and the vehicle routing problem (VRP). Valid state space relaxations are discussed for these problems and several bounds are derived in each case. Subgradient optimization and “state space ascent” are discussed as methods of maximizing the resulting lower bounds. More details of the procedures surveyed in this paper can be found in [2, 3, 4].