gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peak Alignment of Urine NMR Spectra Using Fuzzy Warping (2006)

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopic analysis of mixtures has been used extensively for a variety of applications ranging from the analysis of plant extracts, wine, and food to the evaluation of toxicity in animals. For example, NMR analysis of urine samples has been used extensively for biomarker discovery and, more simply, for the construction of classification models of toxicity, disease, and biochemical phenotype. However, NMR spectra of complex mixtures typically show unwanted local peak shifts caused by matrix and instrument variability, which must be compensated for prior to statistical analysis and interpretation of the data. One approach is to align the spectral peaks across the data set. An efficient and fast warping algorithm is required as the signals typically contain ca. 32,000-64,000 data points and there can be several thousand spectra in a data set. As demonstrated in our study, the iterative fuzzy warping algorithm fulfills these requirements and can be used on-line for an alignment of the NMR spectra. Correlation coefficients between the aligned and target spectra are used as the evaluation function for the algorithm, and its performance is compared with those of other published warping methods.
NOISE SOURCE LOCALIZATION WITHIN A CAR INTERIOR USING 3D-MICROPHONE ARRAYS (2006)

The „Acoustic Camera“ is a measurement tool which joined the field of acoustics a few years ago also in industrial applications. Simple mapping of a virtual plane at a fixed distance is sufficient if the interesting object has a planar surface and we can arrange array and surface orthogonally. In contrast, the surface of many real objects shows complex three dimensional structures. In these cases, the approximation of three dimensional structures onto a plane implements errors in calculating the focus of the beamformer. A correct calculation is possible if we replace the mapping of a virtual plane at a fixed distance by different measurement distances to individual points at a 3D-model surface. The paper discusses advantages and disadvantages of 2D- and 3D-mapping. In interior spaces the mapping of a plane is not practicable. A car interior for example is composed by many different flat and round subareas. In addition to mapping of three dimensional surfaces we need an omni-directional, non-planar array for complete 3Dmapping. A second problem is how to determine the position and direction of an array in the interior room. The paper discusses the geometry and acoustic properties of microphone arrays which are applicable for a complete 3D-mapping of interior rooms and offers a practicable way of determining the array position and direction related to the measurement object.
Herpes Simplex Virus Latency: Adaptation to the Peripheral Nervous System. II (1985)

AbstractDespite burgeoning progress in HSV-1 research, particularly related to the structure and organization of the viral genome, the processes and mechanisms involved in latency and reactivation remain poorly understood. This section attempts to outline current concepts and to highlight major questions and hypotheses concerning latency and reactivation. It is hoped that such discussion will serve as a stimulus and a framework for future inquiry. Discussion is divided into three sections dealing in turn with each of the major three stages of the HSV-1 life cycle: initiation, maintenance, and reactivation of latent infection. During each of these stages, three major factors interact: the virus and its gene products, the infected host cells, and systemic antiviral defenses. The first two of these are considered immediately below, while systemic immunity is considered separately in a subsequent section.
Enhanced photoacoustic detection using photonic crystal substrate (2014)

This paper demonstrates the enhanced photoacoustic sensing of surface-bound light absorbing molecules and metal nanoparticles using a one-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) substrate. The PC structure functions as an optical resonator at the wavelength where the analyte absorption is strong. The optical resonance of the PC sensor provides an intensified evanescent field with respect to the excitation light source and results in enhanced optical absorption by surface-immobilized samples. For the analysis of a light absorbing dye deposited on the PC surface, the intensity of photoacoustic signal was enhanced by more than 10-fold in comparison to an un-patterned acrylic substrate. The technique was also applied to detect gold nanorods and exhibited more than 40 times stronger photoacoustic signals. The demonstrated approach represents a potential path towards single molecule absorption spectroscopy with greater performance and inexpensive instrumentation.
Synthetic Attractants Screened in the Field as Lures for Chloropidae1, (1973)

Journal Article Synthetic Attractants Screened in the Field as Lures for Chloropidae, Get access W. M. Rogoff, W. M. Rogoff 35544 Air Terminal Drive, Fresno, Calif. 93727. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. G. Davis, H. G. Davis 35544 Air Terminal Drive, Fresno, Calif. 93727. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. P. McGovern, T. P. McGovern 4Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Md. 20705. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. H. Ilcken, E. H. Ilcken 5P.O. Drawer GE, College Station, Tex. 77840. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. B. Kreasky J. B. Kreasky 6P.O. Box 989, Gulfport, Miss. 39501. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 66, Issue 2, 15 March 1973, Pages 262–265, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/66.2.262 Published: 15 March 1973 Article history Received: 05 June 1972 Published: 15 March 1973
Characterization of an Arabidopsis Lipoxygenase Gene Responsive to Methyl Jasmonate and Wounding (1993)

A cDNA corresponding to the gene AtLox2 was isolated from an Arabidopsis thaliana library using a lipoxygenase (LOX) probe from soybean. AtLox2 encodes a 102-kD protein, AtLOX2, which has 42 to 45% amino acid sequence identity with other plant LOX sequences. The AtLOX2 sequence is more than 30 amino acids longer at the amino terminus than other plant LOX sequences, and this extension has features reminiscent of chloroplast transit peptides, suggesting that AtLOX2 may be chloroplast localized. AtLox2 mRNA levels are high in leaves and inflorescences but very low in seeds, roots, and stems. AtLox2 mRNA accumulation is rapidly induced in leaves in response to methyl jasmonate. Leaves that have been wounded and adjacent leaves on the same plant also accumulate AtLox2 mRNA.
Astrocyte calcium signaling and epilepsy (2012)

Studies performed over the last decade, in both animal models and human epilepsy, support the view that a defective K(+) buffering due to an altered expression of K(+) and aquaporin channels in astrocytes represents a possible causative factor of the pathological neuronal hyperexcitability in the epileptic brain. More recent studies, however, reappraised the role of neurons in epileptogenesis and suggested that Ca(2+)-dependent gliotransmission directly contributes to the excessive neuronal synchronization that predisposes the brain network to seizures. Significant support for this view comes from the finding that astrocytes from hyperexcitable networks respond to neuronal signals with massive Ca(2+) elevations and generate a recurrent excitatory loop with neurons that has the potential to promote a focal seizure. The specific aim of this review is on the one hand, to provide an overview of the experimental findings that hinted at a direct role of Ca(2+)-dependent gliotransmission in the generation of seizure-like discharges in models of focal epilepsy; and on the other hand, to emphasize the importance of developing new experimental tools that could help us to understand the amazing complexity of neuron-astrocyte partnership in brain disorders.
Sugarcane Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Host Range and Sorghum Resistance Including Cross-Resistance From Greenbug Sources (2015)

The graminous host range and sources of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] plant resistance, including cross-resistance from greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), were studied for the newly emerging sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner), in greenhouse no-choice experiments and field evaluations. The sugarcane aphid could not survive on field corn, Zea mays (L.), Teff grass, Eragrostis tef (Zucc.), proso millet, Panicum miliaceum L., barley, Hordeum vulgare L., and rye, Secale cereale L. Only sorghum genotypes served as hosts including Johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.), a highly suitable noncrop host that generates high numbers of sugarcane aphid and maintains moderate phenotypic injury. The greenbug-resistant parental line RTx2783 that is resistant to greenbug biotypes C and E was resistant to sugarcane aphid in both greenhouse and field tests, while PI 55607 greenbug resistant to biotypes B, C, and E was highly susceptible. PI 55610 that is greenbug resistant to biotypes B, C, and E maintained moderate resistance to the sugarcane aphid, while greenbug-resistant PI 264453 was highly susceptible to sugarcane aphid. Two lines and two hybrids from the Texas A&M breeding program B11070, B11070, AB11055-WF1-CS1/RTx436, and AB11055-WF1-CS1/RTx437 were highly resistant to sugarcane aphid, as were parental types SC110, SC170, and South African lines Ent62/SADC, (Macia/TAM428)-LL9, (SV1*Sima/IS23250)-LG15. Tam428, a parental line that previously showed moderate resistance in South Africa and India, also showed moderate resistance in these evaluations. Overall, 9 of 20 parental sorghum entries tested for phenotypic damage in the field resulted in good resistance to the sugarcane aphid and should be utilized in breeding programs that develop agronomically acceptable sorghums for the southern regions of the United States.
Acoustic and optical methods for measuring electric charge distributions in dielectrics (1999)

Much progress had been made during the last two decades in acoustic and optical methods for measuring charge distributions in dielectrics. A review on this topic is given, which mainly covers the past research activities associated with that at our laboratory. For acoustic methods, we will discuss andoompare the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) and pressure wave propagation (pwP) methods and present some of the results that enabled us to gain physical insights into the charge dynamics within solid plate samples and coaxial cables. For optical methods, we will discuss the Pockels effect technique that is used for the dynamic measurement of surface charge distributions, and the Kerr effect technique that is developed for measuring electric field distributions within liquid dielectrics.
Use of CORBA in the PHENIX distributed online computing system (2000)

The PHENIX online control system is responsible for the configuration, control and monitoring of the PHENIX detector data acquisition system and ancillary control hardware, and the collection and archiving of the event data. The detector consists of 11 distinct subsystems, which are distributed physically and partitioned logically while ultimately being combined into a single operating unit. The online system consists of a large number of embedded commercial and custom processors as well as custom software processes which are involved in the collection, monitoring and control of the detector and the event data. These processing elements are distributed over a diverse set of computing platforms including VME based Power PC controllers, Pentium based NT systems, and SUN Solaris SPARC processors. CORBA has been adopted as the standard communication mechanism for PHENIX online system. This paper will describe the design, implementation and use of CORBA to achieve a uniform and platform independent control environment while providing for the access, control and monitoring of the online detector elements over the distributed and diverse control environment. Synchronous and asynchronous communication issues will be discussed as well as the development of CORBA compliant components which were developed to achieve client/server isolation and deterministic system behavior. The use and interaction between JAVA based clients and C++ based CORBA servers to further achieve a platform neutral environment will be presented.
Presence and Regulation of α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex in a Glutamate-Producing Bacterium,<i>Brevibacterium flavum</i> (1980)

The presence of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) dehydrogenase complex in the glutamate-producing bacteria was demonstrated for the first time with Brevibacterium flavum. The partially purified enzyme, which was specific to KG and NAD+ with the usual requirements for other co-factors, was labile and stabilized by glycerol, Mg2+, and thiamine pyrophosphate. The enzyme showed an optimum pH of 7.6 and Kms of 80, 86, and 61 μm for KG, NAD+, and CoA, respectively, cis-Aconitate, succinyl-CoA, NADPH, NADH, pyruvate, and oxalacetate strongly inhibited the activity, while it was activated by acetyl-CoA, but not by AMP. Various inorganic and organic salts also inhibited the activity. When cells were cultured in glucose and acetate media, the specific activity of the cell extracts increased markedly and reached to a maximum at the late-logarithmic phase. Then, it decreased to the basal level. The addition of glutamate stimulated the synthesis of the enzyme.
Coinage Metal−<i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTCoinage Metal−N-Heterocyclic Carbene ComplexesJoseph C. Y. Lin, Roy T. W. Huang, Chen S. Lee, Amitabha Bhattacharyya, Wen S. Hwang, and Ivan J. B. Lin*View Author Information Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan* E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 8, 3561–3598Publication Date (Web):April 10, 2009Publication History Received10 November 2008Published online10 April 2009Published inissue 12 August 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr8005153https://doi.org/10.1021/cr8005153review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views15724Altmetric-Citations946LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Carbene compounds,Imidazolium,Ligands,Salts Get e-Alerts
Experimental Research of Multistatic Passive Radar With a Single Antenna for Drone Detection (2018)

Digital television signals are attractive illuminations of opportunity for the passive radars in the field of low altitude and slow speed target detection. The digital television standard permits reconstruction of a reference signal using the received signal in surveillance channel, which enables a single-antenna digital television based passive radar (SDPR) processing. This paper investigates the practical feasibility of a multistatic SDPR (MSDPR) for the drone detection. First, the detection range of the SDPR is analyzed in terms of signal processing procedures involving multipath energy, extracted reference signal purity, and receiving antenna. Second, according to the characteristics of the SDPR, the reference signal extraction is analyzed. In addition, considering that the SDPR cannot locate and track the detected target, a novel MSDPR processing method is proposed. The core idea of this method is to use the optimal reference signal extracted from the receiving station with the least interference as the shared reference signal in MSDPR, which can greatly improve the system detection capability. Finally, the small drone detection experiments using the MSDPR are presented. The theoretical considerations are demonstrated using the experimental data.
Face-form frames. (1978)

Face-form frames may be appropriate for sunglasses but present many problems if used for prescription lenses especially when the power is strong. Angling the lenses affects the power and location of the cylinder axis and makes it difficult to attain the right P.D. The problems of mounting the lenses in the frame are magnified. Angling also generates unwanted sphere and cylinder in the periphery as well as distortion. These effects can be measured and even calculated ahead of time and cannot be dismissed lightly. The increased field of view is not needed.
Effects of prestorage white cell reduction on platelet aggregate formation and the activation state of platelets and plasma enzyme systems (1999)

Exposure of platelets to filters during prestorage WBC reduction increased platelet activation and mildly increased complement activation over the levels during the storage period. These alterations can contribute to the formation of irreversible platelet aggregates during processing.
The evolution of the hydrogen thyratron (2000)

The evolution of the hydrogen thyratron from its early beginnings to the present day is presented from the perspective of one manufacturer. Radar requirements drove the development of the hydrogen thyratron as a repetitive, high power line-type modulator switch. Before the invention of the hydrogen thyratron, line-type radar modulators used a variety of switches. It is worthwhile considering one of these in particular, the mercury vapour thyratron, because this device contained many of the necessary design features that were to be incorporated into the hydrogen thyratron.
80 Gb/s Clock Recovery Using a Two-Section Gain-Coupled DFB Laser (2002)

Clock recovery from SO Gb/s data stream has been demonstrated by using a two-section gain-coupled DFB laser, Wavelength and polarization insensitive operation was also realized by wavelength conversion using a semiconductor optical amplifier.
Beyond hairy cell: the activity of cladribine in other hematologic malignancies (2010)

Before the contemporary development of rationally designed antineoplastic therapies, cladribine was identified as a lymphocyte-specific agent. Its profound impact on the natural history of hairy cell leukemia, with responses approaching 100% and a median duration of response of nearly a decade after only a single 7-day course, is well known and revolutionized the treatment of hairy cell leukemia. However, cladribine's impressive activity in other lymphoproliferative disorders has been generally underappreciated. Multiple single-arm phase 2 trials have demonstrated cladribine's potency across the full spectrum of lymphoid malignancies. In a limited number of phase 3 trials and cross-study analyses, cladribine compared favorably with fludarabine, another purine nucleoside analog that is more commonly used in the treatment of indolent lymphoid malignancies. Cladribine has been noted to have particular activity among lymphoid disorders with few effective therapies, specifically, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma. Recently approved novel agents may act in synergy with cladribine for these conditions and should be incorporated into future clinical studies.
NK4 gene therapy targeting HGF-Met and angiogenesis (2007)

Based on the background that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and Met/HGF receptor tyrosine kinase play a definite role in tumor invasion and metastasis, NK4 was isolated as a competitive antagonist against functional association between HGF and Met. NK4 is an internal fragment of HGF and composed of the N-terminal and four kringle domains. Independently on its HGF-antagonist action, NK4 inhibited angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial cell growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, as well as HGF, indicating that NK4 is a bifunctional molecule that acts as an HGF-antagonist and angiogenesis inhibitor. In experimental models of distinct types of cancers, NK4 gene therapy inhibited Met receptor activation and this was associated with inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis. Likewise, NK4 gene therapy inhibited tumor angiogenesis, thereby suppressing angiogenesis-dependent tumor growth. Cancer treatment with NK4 suppresses malignant tumors to be 'static' in both tumor growth and spreading. NK4 warrants further investigation and attention as potential cancer therapy for humans.
Magnetic field effects on the energy deposition spectra of MV photon radiation (2008)

Several groups worldwide have proposed various concepts for improving megavoltage (MV) radiotherapy that involve irradiating patients in the presence of a magnetic field-either for image guidance in the case of hybrid radiotherapy-MRI machines or for purposes of introducing tighter control over dose distributions. The presence of a magnetic field alters the trajectory of charged particles between interactions with the medium and thus has the potential to alter energy deposition patterns within a sub-cellular target volume. In this work, we use the MC radiation transport code PENELOPE with appropriate algorithms invoked to incorporate magnetic field deflections to investigate electron energy fluence in the presence of a uniform magnetic field and the energy deposition spectra within a 10 microm water sphere as a function of magnetic field strength. The simulations suggest only very minor changes to the electron fluence even for extremely strong magnetic fields. Further, calculations of the dose-averaged lineal energy indicate that a magnetic field strength of at least 70 T is required before beam quality will change by more than 2%.