gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digital infrared thermographic imaging in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (1998)

We performed a thermographic study to observe any possible interaction between the esophageal acid perfusion and the temperature changes of skin surface in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Twenty-seven patients with GERD were categorized as group I(globus symptoms with posterior laryngitis) and group II (heartburn and/or regurgitation symptoms). Patients and 6 healthy volunteers underwent Bernstein test (BT) and digital infrared thermographic imaging (DITI) simultaneously. The positive rate for BT in group I and group II was 22.2% and 55.6%, respectively, and the DITI positive rate was 55.6% for group I and 50.0% for group II. None of healthy control were positive in BT or DITI. All subjects with DITI positive were hypothermic. The overall accordance rate between DITI and BT was 69.7%. All group I patients showed a diffuse type, while in group 11, 4 patients showed diffuse type and 5 patients showed localized type (p<0.05). In patients with DITI (+)/BT (-), 83.3% showed diffuse type, whereas equal numbers of diffuse and localized type were noted in patients with DITI (+)/BT (+). In conclusion, add contact with a sensitive mucosa leads to an activation of the sympathetic nervous system in some patients with GERD, inducing skin surface hypothermia.
Sex Differences in Age at Onset of Symptoms in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (1997)

Delayed onset of symptoms in women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy compared with men resulted in nearly one-third of women remaining asymptomatic until 40 years of age, symptoms developing in the fifth decade of life.
Fabrication of CdSeS Alloyed Quantum Dots and Study on Fluorescence Lifetime (2012)

Abstract Recently, various types of quantum dots (QDs) have been synthesized and widely used in optoelectronic devices and biomedical researches. Alloyed QDs, which are well-known for their superior optical properties such as fluorescence stability and high photoluminescence intensity, have been synthesized with combination of various starting materials. The band gap energy of semiconductor can be controlled through change of the ingredient and the inner structure. In this work, we have synthesized CdSeS alloyed QDs by using one pot reaction with coordinating solvent. Cadmium oxide (CdO), selenium powder (Se), and sulfur powder (S) were used as precursor for the preparation of alloyed QDs. The typical size of the QDs was about 3.3 nm. With the S content decreased, the fluorescence spectra were red-shifted, and fluorescence lifetime was decreased. Keywords: alloyed QDscompositionlifetime Acknowledgment This work was supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (20100093908).
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the differentiation of breast tumors: User-defined versus semi-automated region-of-interest analysis (1999)

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR mammography is an increasingly used method of evaluating breast pathology. The purpose of this study was to compare two semi-automated methods of region of interest (ROI) analysis with a user-defined method, in the discrimination of breast tumors using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Results are presented from the retrospective analysis of 81 malignant and 36 benign breast lesions. The study demonstrates the importance of a consistent ROI strategy and also shows that semi-automated approaches offer a standardized method, which may improve the discrimination of primary breast tumors. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999; 10:945-949.
Studies of free radicals. I. .alpha.-Nitronyl nitroxides, a new class of stable radicals (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies of free radicals. I. .alpha.-Nitronyl nitroxides, a new class of stable radicalsJeanne H. Osiecki and Edwin F. UllmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 4, 1078–1079Publication Date (Print):February 14, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 14 February 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01006a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01006a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1587Altmetric-Citations246LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New Perspectives in Comparative Ecology of Neotropical Rain Forests: Reflections on the Past, Present, and Future1 (2004)

In an effort to understand variations in ecological patterns among lowland tropical rain forests, Alwyn Gentry and colleagues synthesized data sets from four of the premier Neotropical field stations—La Selva (Costa Rica), Barro Colorado Island (Panama), Cocha Cashu (Peru), and the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragmentation Project (Brazil). To promote the kind of geographically comparative tropical ecology advocated in the 1990 Gentry book, the Organization for Tropical Studies and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute organized a course in 2001 that visited each of these field stations. Papers from some of the studies resulting from this course are highlighted in this special section. These studies are notable for the consistent methods applied across forests, and they underscore the acute need and bright future for comparative tropical ecology. Key site characteristics for each of the field stations are summarized here.
The Product of the c- <i>fms</i> Proto-Oncogene: a Glycoprotein with Associated Tyrosine Kinase Activity (1985)

The c-fms proto-oncogene is a member of a gene family that has been implicated in tumorigenesis. Glycoproteins encoded by c-fms were identified in cat spleen cells by means of an immune-complex kinase assay performed with monoclonal antibodies to v-fms-coded epitopes. The major form of the normal cellular glycoprotein has an apparent molecular weight of 170,000 and, like the product of the viral oncogene, serves as a substrate for an associated tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity in vitro. The results suggest that the transforming glycoprotein specified by v-fms is a truncated form of a c-fms-coded growth factor receptor.
Identification, Cloning, and Functional Characterization of a Murine Lipoxin A4 Receptor Homologue Gene (2002)

To identify additional members of the murine N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe peptide receptor family (fMLF-R), a mouse macrophage cDNA library was screened using the open reading frame of murine N-formyl peptide receptor. Four individual hybridizing cDNA clones were maintained through tertiary screening. One cDNA clone was a truncated, polyadenylated version of the previously described murine-fMLF-R. The other three cDNA clones varied in length, but contained identical open reading frame sequences. One clone, 8C10, was selected for further study and shared 70% sequence identity with murine-fMLF-R and 89% sequence identity with murine lipoxin A4 receptor cDNA. When placed into the pcDNA-3 expression vector and cotransfected with Galpha16 cDNA into COS-1 cells, 8C10 cDNA induced the production of inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate when concentrations of 1-1600 nM lipoxin A4 (LXA4) were tested as ligands. Northern blot analysis of murine organs indicated that the 8C10 message is present in lung, spleen, and adipose tissue. Moreover, mice treated with LPS demonstrated increased expression of 8C10 message in spleen and adipose tissue, while showing a slight reduction in lung. We have also characterized the 8C10 structural gene from a 129Sv/J genomic library and have determined its size to be >6.1 kb in length and comprised of two exons separated by a 4.8-kb intron. Collectively, these data indicate that this homologue receptor is closely related to the murine LXA4 receptor and functionally responds to LXA4 as a ligand.
The fast spiral‐SelMQC technique for in vivo MR spectroscopic imaging of polyunsaturated fatty acids in human breast tissue (2011)

The selective multiple-quantum coherence transfer method has been applied to image polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) distributions in human breast tissues in vivo for cancer detection, with complete suppression of the unwanted lipid and water signals in a single scan. The Cartesian k-space mapping of PUFA in vivo using the selective multiple-quantum coherence transfer (Sel-MQC) chemical shift imaging (CSI) technique, however, requires excessive MR scan time. In this article, we report a fast Spiral-SelMQC sequence using a rapid spiral k-space sampling scheme. The Spiral-SelMQC images of PUFA distribution in human breast were acquired using two-interleaved spirals on a 3 T GE Signa magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Approximately 160-fold reduction of acquisition time was observed as compared with the corresponding selective multiple-quantum coherence transfer CSI method with an equivalent number of scans, permitting acquisition of high-resolution PUFA images in minutes. The reconstructed Spiral-SelMQC PUFA images of human breast tissues achieved a sub-millimeter resolution of 0.54 × 0.54 or 0.63 × 0.63 mm(2) /pixel for field of view = 14 or 16 cm, respectively. The Spiral-SelMQC parameters for PUFA detection were optimized in 2D selective multiple-quantum coherence transfer experiments to suppress monounsaturated fatty acids and other lipid signals. The fast in vivo Spiral-SelMQC imaging method will be applied to study human breast cancer and other human diseases in extracranial organs.
Energy Efficiency Analysis and Implementation of AES on an FPGA (2009)

I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) was developed by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rjimen and endorsed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology in 2001. It was designed to replace the aging Data Encryption Standard (DES) and be useful for a wide range of applications with varying throughput, area, power dissipation and energy consumption requirements. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are flexible and reconfigurable integrated circuits that are useful for many different applications including the implementation of AES. Though they are highly flexible, FPGAs are often less efficient than Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs); they tend to operate slower, take up more space and dissipate more power. There have been many FPGA AES implementations that focus on obtaining high throughput or low area usage, but very little research done in the area of low power or energy efficient FPGA based AES; in fact, it is rare for estimates on power dissipation to be made at all.
Carotenoid oxidation products are stress signals that mediate gene responses to singlet oxygen in plants (2012)

(1)O(2) (singlet oxygen) is a reactive O(2) species produced from triplet excited chlorophylls in the chloroplasts, especially when plants are exposed to excess light energy. Similarly to other active O(2) species, (1)O(2) has a dual effect: It is toxic, causing oxidation of biomolecules, and it can act as a signal molecule that leads to cell death or to acclimation. Carotenoids are considered to be the main (1)O(2) quenchers in chloroplasts, and we show here that light stress induces the oxidation of the carotenoid β-carotene in Arabidopsis plants, leading to the accumulation of different volatile derivatives. One such compound, β-cyclocitral, was found to induce changes in the expression of a large set of genes that have been identified as (1)O(2) responsive genes. In contrast, β-cyclocitral had little effect on the expression of H(2)O(2) gene markers. β-Cyclocitral-induced reprogramming of gene expression was associated with an increased tolerance to photooxidative stress. The results indicate that β-cyclocitral is a stress signal produced in high light that is able to induce defense mechanisms and represents a likely messenger involved in the (1)O(2) signaling pathway in plants.
The Metabolic Syndrome (Emperor) Wears No Clothes (2006)

sole targets of therapy for the condition.
Formation of an Amorphous Alloy by Solid-State Reaction of the Pure Polycrystalline Metals (1983)

Single-phase ${\mathrm{Au}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{La}}_{x}$ alloys, with $0.3\ensuremath{\lesssim}x\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.5$, have been formed through solid-state interdiffusion of pure polycrystalline Au and La thin films (100-600 \AA{}) at temperatures of 50-80\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The reaction is driven by the large negative heat of mixing in the amorphous alloy and occurs at low temperatures by the anomalously fast diffusion of Au in La. The composition regime giving a single-phase amorphous product is explained with use of a free-energy diagram.
Detection of Chromosome Aberrations by FISH as a Function of Cell Division Cycle (Harlequin-FISH) (1999)

Chromosome aberrations are a sensitive indicator of genetic change, and the measurement of chromosome aberration frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes is often used as a biological dosimeter of exposure (1,4). The length of time that cells are maintained in culture before cytogenetic analysis is probably the most important in vitro factor that influences both the frequency and types of aberrations that are seen following exposure to mutagens. Therefore, for accurate cytogenetic measurements of genetic damage, cells must be analyzed in their first mitosis following exposure. As cells progress through subsequent mitotic division cycles, cells with unstable types of aberrations, e.g., dicentrics and acentric fragments, are eliminated (1,3,4). Even the use of synchronized populations of cells does not guarantee that all cells analyzed will be in their first division following treatment. Small variations in growth rate after irradiation can lead to large variations in the proportion of cells that are in their first vs. a subsequent mitosis. For example, 48 h after G0 lymphocytes are stimulated to enter the cell cycle (the standard sampling time for cytogenetic analysis), up to 50% of the cells in mitosis can be in their second division cycle (10). While there are methods available to distinguish cells in different division cycles (see Introduction), they are not easily adapted for use with standard fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedures. The goal of this study was to develop a simple approach to detect aberrations by FISH whereby cells in different division cycles could be distinguished.
Body side and predominant motor features at the onset of Parkinson's disease are linked to motor and nonmotor progression (2013)

Patients with Parkinson's disease most often have asymmetric motor features at onset, and specific motor signs (ie, tremor versus bradykinesia and rigidity) frequently characterize the first few years of disease evolution. Some previous clinical evidence has suggested that body side and a predominance of motor manifestations at disease onset are linked to long-term evolution and disease progression. We prospectively analyzed 206 patients with Parkinson's disease according to the most affected side and predominant motor signs at onset. Patients were divided into left-side rigid-akinetic (n = 71), right-side rigid-akinetic (n = 59), left-side tremor (n = 41), and right-side tremor (n = 35) subgroups. These subgroups were compared in terms of motor and cognitive functions, mean motor deterioration per year (calculated as the motor score divided by disease duration), total equivalent doses of dopaminergic drugs, and the presence of hallucinations and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Disease duration was similar in all groups. Motor fluctuations were more likely to occur in rigid-akinetic patients. In a multiple model analysis adjusted for potential confounders, faster disease progression was associated with right-side (P = 0.045) and rigid-akinetic onset (P = 0.001). With respect to nonmotor symptoms, the rigid-akinetic type was associated with increased risk of cognitive decline (P = 0.004) compared with the tremor type. A trend was noticed toward an increased risk of developing visual hallucinations in rigid-akinetic patients and toward an increased frequency of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in those who had left-sided onset of symptoms. Our findings corroborate that body side and type of motor signs at the time of diagnosis affect the evolution of motor severity and may also have an impact on some nonmotor manifestations.
Capillary heterogeneity trapping of CO<sub>2</sub> in a sandstone rock at reservoir conditions (2011)

The storage of CO 2 in deep subsurface porous rocks is being developed worldwide for the mitigation of emission from large industrial sources such as power plants and steel manufacturing. A main concern of this technology is in ensuring that the upwardly buoyant CO 2 does not migrate to the surface. Simulation studies suggest that substantial amounts of CO 2 can be trapped within permeable sections of a reservoir by capillary forces and intra‐reservoir heterogenities, but there is little experimental observation of these phenomena. We report the results of CO 2 core flooding experiments at high pressure and temperature performed to investigate the impact of natural capillary heterogeneity in a sandstone rock on CO 2 saturation buildup and trapping. CO 2 and water were injected through a Mt. Simon sandstone core at 9 MPa pore pressure and 50°C. The core had two regions of distinct capillarity: An upstream 10 cm long region of the core consisted of a relatively high permeability and homogenous sand. A downstream 3 cm long region of the core consisted of a low permeability region characterized by significant cross‐bedding and a high capillary entry pressure for CO 2 . During a drainage process of CO 2 displacing water, CO 2 builds up upstream of the capillary barrier. Once in place, CO 2 on the upstream side of the barrier cannot be displaced during 100% water flooding leading to trapped saturations that are a factor 2–5 times higher than what would be expected from residual trapping alone.
Clinical validation of urine 3-methoxytyramine as a biomarker of neuroblastoma and comparison with other catecholamine-related biomarkers (2016)

Background Urinary dopamine, homovanillic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid are established tests for diagnosis and monitoring of neuroblastic disease. We compared the diagnostic performance of total urinary 3-methoxytyramine, the O-methylated product of dopamine, to these three established tumour markers. Methods Urinary 3-methoxytyramine, dopamine, homovanillic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection on consecutive urine samples from histologically proven neuroblastic patients and controls. Patients with neuroblastic disease were further classified as untreated, advancing, residual or absent disease based on clinical and radiological criteria. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to compare the diagnostic performance of the four tumour markers. Results Urinary 3-methoxytyramine was well correlated with established tumour markers and its concentration correlated with disease activity. It was the most commonly elevated tumour marker in neuroblastic disease and showed similar sensitivity to dopamine and homovanillic acid. The diagnostic utility of urinary 3-methoxytyramine as measured by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was similar to dopamine and homovanillic acid. Conclusion Our results support the use of urinary 3-methoxytyramine as a tumour marker in the diagnosis and the monitoring of neuroblastoma disease.
Introducing the Microsoft Bot Framework (2018)

Microsoft’s Bot Builder SDK comes in two flavors: C# and Node.js. As mentioned in Chapter 1, for the purposes of this book, we are going with the Node.js version. Node.js is a cross-platform JavaScript runtime; the fact that it is cross platform and based on a low barrier of entry language such as JavaScript means we can more easily show how easy it is to build bots using the technology. We stay within the confines of EcmaScript6; however, Bot Framework bots can be built using just about any flavor of JavaScript. The Bot Builder framework itself is written in TypeScript, a superset of JavaScript that includes optional static typing and can be compiled into JavaScript.
Organocatalyzed chemoselective ring-opening polymerizations (2018)

A novel metal-free and protecting-group-free synthesis method to prepare telechelic thiol-functionalized polyesters is developed by employing organocatalysis. A scope of Brønsted acids, including trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (1), HCl.Et<sub>2</sub>O (2), diphenyl phosphate (3), γ-resorcylic acid (4) and methanesulfonic acid (5), are evaluated to promote ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone with unprotected 6-mercapto-1-hexanol as the multifunctional initiator. Among them, diphenyl phosphate (3) exhibits great chemoselectivity and efficiency, which allows for simply synthesis of thiol-terminated poly(ε-caprolactone) with near-quantitative thiol fidelity, full monomer conversion, controlled molecular weight and narrow polydispersity. Kinetic study confirms living/controlled nature of the organocatalyzed chemoselective polymerizations. Density functional theory calculation illustrates that the chemoselectivity of diphenyl phosphate (3) is attributed to the stronger bifunctional activation of monomer and initiator/chain-end as well as the lower energy in hydroxyl pathway than thiol one. Moreover, series of tailor-made telechelic thiol-terminated poly(δ-valerolactone) and block copolymers are efficiently generated under mild conditions.
Synthesis of New Friedländer Synthon and Its Application towards the Construction of Pyrido[3,2-c]acridines (2002)

A new Friedländer synthon, 4-aminoacridine-3-carbaldehyde was prepared in 4 steps from 3-methylacridine in 38% overall yield, which was readily condensed with acetylaromatics to yield 2-arylpyrido[3,2-c]acridines.The increasing interests of pyrido-fused acridines, especially pyrido[3,2-c]acridine and related
Conductance of Packed Spheres in Vacuum (1973)

An analytical study is presented for the heat transfer through the solid phase of a packed bed of spheres bounded by two infinite plane surfaces of different temperatures. The prediction of the conductance is based on the constriction resistance for spheres in contact. Both exact and approximate equations are derived for solid, hollow, and coated spheres and for several regular packing patterns of different void fractions. Comparisons with the available experimental data indicate that the theory is satisfactory over a wide range of applied load and system parameters.