gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
End-to-End Routing for Dual-Radio Sensor Networks (2007)

Dual-radio, dual-processor nodes are an emerging class of wireless sensor network devices that provide both low-energy operation as well as substantially increased computational performance and communication bandwidth for applications. In such systems, the secondary radio and processor operates with sufficiently low power that it may remain always vigilant, while the main processor and primary, high-bandwidth radio remain off until triggered by the application. By exploiting the high energy efficiency of the main processor and primary radio along with proper usage, net operating energy benefits are enabled for applications. The secondary radio provides a constantly available multi-hop network, while paths in the primary network exist only when required. This paper describes a topology control mechanism for establishing an end-to-end path in a network of dual-radio nodes using the secondary radios as a control channel to <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">selectively</i> wake up nodes along the required end-to-end path. Using numerical models as well as testbed experimentation, we show that our proposed mechanism provides significant energy savings of more than 60% compared to alternative approaches, and that it incurs only moderately greater application latency.
On Heyde’s Theorem for Probability Distributions on a Discrete Abelian Group (2018)

Let X be a countable discrete Abelian group containing no elements of order 2. Let α be an automorphism of X. Let ξ1 and ξ2 be independent random variables with values in the group X and distributions μ1 and μ2. The main result of the article is the following statement. The symmetry of the conditional distribution of the linear form L2 = ξ1 + αξ2 given L1 = ξ1 + ξ2 implies that μ j are shifts of the Haar distribution of a finite subgroup of X if and only if α satisfies the condition Ker(I + α)= {0}. Some generalisations of this theorem are also proved.
Discovery of disease-induced post-translational modifications in cardiac contractile proteins. (2005)

Post-translational modifications to myofilament proteins are essential for the regulation of cardiac function in both normal and disease states. Recent developments in the field of proteomics have produced a variety of useful tools to study protein modifications. Current applications of proteomic technologies in the study of modifications to myofilament proteins are summarized. The separation, identification and characterization of myofilament modifications using gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry approaches are discussed. Each method is illustrated and evaluated with selected examples, and several powerful emerging technologies are assessed.
Prevention of Coccidiosis in Bobwhites by Medication (1987)

The efficacy of amprolium, monensin, and salinomycin in preventing coccidiosis in bobwhite quail was studied using a mixed inoculum of equal numbers of Eimeria dispersa and E. lettyae. A total dosage per quail of 10(6) sporulated oocysts was chosen because this dosage gave a good (77%) depression of weight gain from Day 18 to Day 24. Levels of .008% monensin or .0055% salinomycin were the most effective for prevention of coccidiosis as evaluated by body weight gains. These levels significantly reduced parasite numbers in the duodenum with monensin administration and in both the duodenum and ileum with salinomycin administration. Monensin reduced parasite numbers in the illeum significantly in one experiment and in a second. Amprolium was ineffective for prevention of coccidiosis, as evaluated by body weight gains. Amprolium was also ineffective in consistently reducing parasite numbers in the duodenum and ileum. Both monensin and salinomycin had a reasonable safety margin in quail. Levels of monensin of .016%, twice the proposed level, significantly reduced body weight at 14 days of age compared with unmedicated controls or quail given .008% monensin. By 28 days, however, this effect was no longer significant. Levels of salinomycin at the proposed level of .0055% significantly reduced body weight at 14 days of age compared with unmedicated controls. By 28 days, however, this effect was no longer significant in quail given .0055% or .00825% salinomycin, although in quail fed .011% salinomycin body weights remained significantly lower (16.5%) at that date. There were no detectable monensin residues in the liver of quail fed a ration containing .008% monensin for 8 wk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
DISTRIBUTION OF ANTAGONISTIC ACTINOMYCETES IN NATURE (1942)

WAKSMAN, SELMAN A.; HORNING, ELIZABETH S.; WELSCH, MAURICE; WOODRUFF, H. BOYD Author Information
Wartime Development of Insecticides (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWartime Development of InsecticidesH. L. HallerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1947, 39, 4, 467–473Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50448a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Axonal Protective Effects of the Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein (2009)

Progressive axonal degeneration follows demyelination in many neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis and inherited demyelinating neuropathies, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. One glial molecule, the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), located in the adaxonal plasmalemma of myelin-producing cells, is known to signal to the axon and to modulate axonal caliber through phosphorylation of axonal neurofilament proteins. This report establishes for the first time that MAG also promotes resistance to axonal injury and prevents axonal degeneration both in cell culture and in vivo. This effect on axonal stability depends on the RGD domain around arginine 118 in the extracellular portion of MAG, but it is independent of Nogo signaling in the axon. Exploiting this pathway may lead to therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases characterized by axonal loss.
Heterologous transmembrane signaling by a human insulin receptor-v-ros hybrid in Chinese hamster ovary cells. (1987)

A hybrid receptor molecule composed of the extracellular ligand-binding domain of the human insulin receptor and the transmembrane and cytoplasmic (protein-tyrosine kinase) domains of the chicken sarcoma virus UR2 transforming protein p68gag-ros has been constructed and expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The hybrid is processed normally into alpha and hybrid beta subunits, is expressed on the cell surface at high levels, and binds insulin with near-wild-type affinity. Furthermore, insulin stimulates the phosphorylation on tyrosine residues of the hybrid beta subunit in vivo and the phosphorylation of an exogenous substrate [poly(Glu,Tyr)] in vitro. Thus the hybrid is capable of heterologous transmembrane signaling. However, the hybrid mediates neither the insulin-activated uptake of 2-deoxyglucose nor the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA, suggesting that the physiological response(s) mediated by ligand-activated protein-tyrosine kinases may utilize distinct intracellular mechanisms for postreceptor signaling.
Demonstration of nuclear compartmentalization of glutathione in hepatocytes. (1992)

The intracellular distribution of glutathione (GSH) in cultured hepatocytes has been investigated by using the compound monochlorobimane (BmCl), which interacts specifically with GSH to form a highly fluorescent adduct. Image analysis of BmCl-labeled hepatocytes predominantly localized the fluorescence in the nucleus; the nuclear/cytoplasmic concentration gradient was approximately three. This concentration gradient was collapsed by treatment of the cells with ATP-depleting agents. The uneven distribution of BmCl fluorescence was not attributable to (i) nonspecific interaction of BmCl with protein sulfhydryl groups, (ii) any selective nuclear localization of the GSH transferase(s) catalyzing formation of the GSH-BmCl conjugate, or (iii) any apparent alterations in cell morphology from culture conditions, suggesting that this distribution did, indeed, reflect a nuclear compartmentalization of GSH. That the nuclear pool of GSH was found more resistant to depletion by several agents than the cytoplasmic pool supports the assumption that GSH is essential in protecting DNA and other nuclear structures from chemical injury.
Performing functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Parkinson's disease treated with deep brain stimulation (2006)

Abstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a relatively novel treatment in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a useful technique for examining the effects of DBS both within the basal ganglia and its cortical connectivity. There are technical difficulties in imaging patients with PD, and the DBS itself can generate image artifacts. We describe aspects related to optimizing the fMRI acquisition parameters in patients with DBS and the results of sensorimotor activation tasks performed by four PD patients during hand, foot, and tongue movements, both before and after DBS implant. Provided that all safety conditions are followed, it is possible to perform fMRI in patients with PD and DBS. The standard DBS surgical procedure has to be slightly modified in order to reduce image artifacts. The event‐related design provided increased power to detect sensorimotor cortex and basal ganglia activation. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
A Five-Band Reconfigurable PIFA for Mobile Phones (2007)

We describe the design of a small microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switched planar inverted F antenna capable of operation in five cellular radio frequency bands. Both simulated and measured results are shown using MEMS devices fabricated in an industrialized process based on high-ohmic silicon. Results show that the antenna bandwidth (or size) and specific absorption rate can be significantly improved using such devices.
Overexpression of MDM2 and p53 protein is infrequently but significantly associated with progression of human prostatic adenocarcinoma (1996)

In the present immunohistochemical study using anti-p53 (DO-7) and anti-MDM2 (IF2) antibodies, we determined the frequency of p53 and MDM2 protein expression in a series of 115 primary prostatic adenocarcinomas (stage A1 to D2) and evaluated the reliability of p53 and MDM2 immunoreactivity as an indicator for tumor progression. Overall, 13.9% (16/115) of surgically resected tumors were positive for anti-p53 antibody. A significantly higher association of immunoreactivity for p53 was detected in both high-grade (4/16, 25%; p<0.05) and advanced stage tumors (14/73, 19.1%; p<0.05) compared with that of other grade or stage. Positive staining for anti-MDM2 antibody was observed in only 4.3% (5/115) of the tumors examined. However, nuclear MDM2 protein overexpression, detected as focal and markedly heterogeneous staining, was sometimes observed especially in advanced stage tumors (4 stage C and 1 stage D tumors), and was significantly more common in locally advanced cancers (p<0.05) than in those of other stage. Only 2 cases (1.7%) exhibited positive staining with both p53 and MDM2 antibodies. These findings suggest that p53 and MDM2 alterations might play significant roles in the development and progression of some advanced stage or high-grade prostatic cancers, although MDM2 and p53 protein overexpression is infrequent in prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Macular Function and the Photostress Test 1 (1967)

It is desirable to obtain an estimate of the functional capability and the performance reserve of the photoreceptive elements in cases of suspected macular disease. Standard testing techniques usually give incomplete information. This study emphasizes photostress testing, where the retina is exposed to a quantitated flash of light and recovery of function is precisely measured. The method of inducing photostress and the result of the study of 49 normal individuals is presented. A gradual deterioration of macular function seems to occur with increasing age. The potential of photostress testing to measure the functional capability of the macular is emphasized.
Reduced number of gap junctions in rat hepatocarcinomas detected by monoclonal antibody (1986)

A new rat monoclonal antibody was characterized which recognized the 26K protein in gap junctions of mouse, rat and human liver as shown by immunoblot, indirect immunofluorescence, and immunogold electron microscopy. This monoclonal antibody was used to investigate the abundance of gap junctions in chemically induced rat hepatocarcinomas. In comparison with livers of control animals we found in hepatocarcinomas an average decrease of 71% in the number of gap junctional immunofluorescent spots. A corresponding decrease of the total amount of the 26 K protein was detected by quantitative immunoblot. Changes in the proliferative state as well as in intercellular adhesion of hepatocarcinoma cells in contrast to normal hepatocytes might have contributed to cause this decrease of gap junctions in tumor tissue. Possibly the partial loss of gap junctions provided a selective advantage for those preneoplastic liver cells which developed into rapidly proliferating tumor cells.
PDMS and its Suitability for Analytical Microfluidic Devices (2006)

Poly(dimethylsiloxane) also known as PDMS is used in a wide range of biomedical applications. These range from implants through catheters to soft contact lenses. Therefore, it is understandable that PDMS has been extensively tested for these purposes. In past years, the microfluidics has moved from predominantly silicon and glass structures towards polymers due to their ease of manufacturing and moderate cost. PDMS has gained a lot of attention in various analytical applications. However, the testing of its suitability for such applications has not been as thorough as in the biomedical applications, perhaps relying on the experiments from that field. Microfluidic PDMS structures are more and more popular in various analytical devices. Such devices consume less reagents and can work with lower sample volumes. On the other hand, the surface-to-sample-volume ratio becomes larger. That increases the influence of material properties on the actual measurement. Some of the challenges include adsorption, diffusion, surface roughness, permeability and elasticity of PDMS, which are discussed in this paper.
Statistical process control for radiotherapy quality assurance (2005)

Every quality assurance process uncovers random and systematic errors. These errors typically consist of many small random errors and a very few number of large errors that dominate the result. Quality assurance practices in radiotherapy do not adequately differentiate between these two sources of error. The ability to separate these types of errors would allow the dominant source(s) of error to be efficiently detected and addressed. In this work, statistical process control is applied to quality assurance in radiotherapy for the purpose of setting action thresholds that differentiate between random and systematic errors. The theoretical development and implementation of process behavior charts are described. We report on a pilot project is which these techniques are applied to daily output and flatness/symmetry quality assurance for a 10 MV photon beam in our department. This clinical case was followed over 52 days. As part of our investigation, we found that action thresholds set using process behavior charts were able to identify systematic changes in our daily quality assurance process. This is in contrast to action thresholds set using the standard deviation, which did not identify the same systematic changes in the process. The process behavior thresholds calculated from a subset of the data detected a 2% change in the process whereas with a standard deviation calculation, no change was detected. Medical physicists must make decisions on quality assurance data as it is acquired. Process behavior charts help decide when to take action and when to acquire more data before making a change in the process.
Subcellular localization of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein and derived polypeptides expressed in a recombinant yeast system (1998)

Different isoforms and derived polypeptides of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid protein precursor (A beta PP) have been expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris. The expression characteristics of the different A beta PP polypeptides were studied by post-embedding immunogold electron microscopy with various A beta PP antibodies. The site of intracellular expression could be readily identified with specific antibodies. Full length A beta PP was expressed in association with the nuclear membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum. Secretory derivatives of A beta PP were localized in membrane-bound secretory vesicles. A construct encoding two copies of beta A4[1-42] linked head-to-tail (beta A4duplex) accumulated as irregular dense cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions which reacted with all beta A4 antibodies tested. A beta A4-C-terminal construct accumulated into membranous structures in the cytoplasm and nucleus and reacted with most antibodies to beta A4 and the cytoplasmic domain of A beta PP. The two shorter constructs containing the beta A4 sequence formed similar intranuclear aggregates to those reported for intranuclear inclusions of polyglutamine peptides from huntingtin (in Huntington's disease) and ataxin protein fragments (in spinocerebellar ataxia). This is of interest because intracellular aggregation of the polyglutamine and beta A4 peptides may affect cells by similar toxic mechanisms. These studies demonstrate clear differences in the expression properties of different A beta PP polypeptides.
Low-Temperature Performance Characterization of Biomodified Asphalt Mixtures that Contain Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (2013)

The sustainability movement in paving materials has led to the increased use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). New developments in this area in the recent past include the use of biomodified asphalt binders (BMBs) such as those containing bio-oils derived from swine manure. The study reported in this paper examined the low-temperature properties of RAP and virgin BMB mixtures to determine if these mixtures exhibited better low-temperature performance than conventional hot-mix asphalt (HMA). Disk-shaped compact tension [DC(T)], Superpave ® indirect tension (IDT), and acoustic emission (AE) tests were employed to characterize low-temperature properties of the asphalt mixtures. BMB mixtures exhibited higher DC(T) fracture energies than HMA at all RAP levels. In addition, BMB mixture fracture energy displayed a reduced dependence on RAP content. The difference in average fracture energy between BMB and HMA mixtures increased with higher RAP contents. Furthermore, BMB mixtures displayed consistently higher creep compliance, which indicated that these mixtures could alleviate thermal stresses more easily than HMA. A recently developed AE testing procedure evaluated the effects of BMB as well as RAP in the mixtures. The overall trends identified through AE testing were consistent with the findings from the DC(T) and IDT tests. In addition, AE results suggested a fundamental change in the behavior of the BMB RAP mixture relative to the HMA RAP mixture (i.e., rejuvenating effect). In general, it was observed that BMB RAP mixtures exhibited low-temperature cracking behavior superior to that of HMA mixtures.
Joint Venture Strategies for Marketing in China (1989)

To date, joint ventures in China have offered much in potential but little in realized profits for foreign partners. Foreign partners need to negotiate terms such that they can readily and profitably market in China. Labor requirements, materials quality and supply sources, level of technology involved, the rewards for exporting, access to the Chinese market, government regulations, transfer pricing and other important factors need to be carefully negotiated before signing a joint venture contract. Financing the venture should take into consideration the emerging nature of the Chinese financial markets.
Beginning of Series on Telos and Virtue Ethics and Individual Articles (2004)

We close the fifth issue of the Global Virtue Ethics Review by beginning a new series that I hope will become an on going dialogue for many issues to come. We begin Volume five, Number four with the introduction of telos and virtue ethics and their role in ethics training and education. This is a most fitting topic as the Global Virtue Ethics Review journal was created in support of the notion of virtue ethics as the third and perhaps missing leg of the platform that supports a civilization and to give a voice to the burgeoning literature on the topic. Certainly, deontological or rule based ethics is the first leg of this platform. Rules are what give order and direction to a society. Without them or with out the society's collective agreement to follow them, the society quickly devolves into chaos, as was seen in New Orleans in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in August 2005. Teleological ethics or consequentialism is the second leg of the platform. Understanding the consequences of our actions and striving to serve the greatest good for the greatest number is essential for a civil society. This helps us to understand otherness and reach beyond ourselves and our own needs. However, without a critical mass of individuals in a society aspiring or striving for excellence in character -in other words virtue ethics-there is no balance and nothing of substance can be built on a rickety foundation. The pursuit of excellence of character is essential for a society to thrive. At the Third GVER International Symposium held in Cancun Mexico (December 2004) Samuel Zinaich Jr. from Perdue University and Thomas Lynch from Louisiana State University debated the possibility of virtue ethics as a viable theory for teaching ethics in Public Administration. In Returning To Virtue Theory: Some Problems And Challenges, Professor Zinaich argues that virtue theory is simply another bad theory replacing previous bad theories and all attempts to teach ethics to college students are futile. He supports DesJardin's comments on the demise of virtue as a theory by pointing out that virtue ethics taught in college curricula do not and can not meet the requisite criteria enumerated by Aristotle. Specifically, he states that we have not identified the human telos (the perfect end purpose) nor do we have a community that honors and rewards virtuous actions in which to practice virtue ethics. Professor Lynch takes the opposing view in Virtue Ethics, Public Administration, and Telos, he concedes that we currently live in a society that honors and appreciates hedonism more than virtue. …