gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SLA-guided energy savings for enterprise servers (2012)

Current hardware and operating system power management mechanisms use heuristics of a general nature that are largely application software independent, thus treating the application as a black box. The resulting communication disconnect between OS power management policies and application-level quality of service goals can either cause breaches in service level agreements (SLA) when the policies are too aggressive, or reduce energy savings when they are too conservative. In this work, we engage enterprise software in the management of its own performance and power by introducing a middleware that we call SLA Governor. The SLA Governor receives periodic updates on application level performance and the applicable SLA. Based on the available leeway and recent history, the SLA Governor makes, and puts into effect, decisions to raise or lower CPU speeds. Compared to state of the art OS based power management, the SLA Governor provides 8.3% better energy savings for an online transaction processing workload (TPoX) using a latest generation machine employing Intel E5-5600 (“Westmere”) series processors.
Characteristics of InGaAsBi with various lattice mismatches on InP substrate (2016)

To develop bismuth-containing infrared optoelectronic devices, InGaAsBi/InP films with different lattice mismatches have been investigated. The lattice mismatch was tailored by changing the Bi content in conjunction with the In content simultaneously. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that alloy lattice constants have been extended positively by incorporation of Bi into the crystal lattice. Electrical and optical characteristics were investigated by Hall-effect, optical absorption and photoluminescence measurements. A bandgap shrinking of about 56.4 meV/Bi% was deduced by X-ray diffraction and optical absorption measurements. From the excitation dependent photoluminescence measurement at 10 K, the donor-acceptor pair emissions were inferred for samples containing moderate and high levels of Bi. The temperature dependence of the PL peak energy is as small as 0.06 meV/K in In0.5Ga0.5As0.987Bi0.013, which is fairly low compared with that of In0.5Ga0.5As.
Frequency-domain photothermoacoustics: Alternative imaging modality of biological tissues (2009)

Frequency-domain photothermoacoustic (FD-PTA) imaging of biological tissues is presented and compared with the conventional time-domain methodology. We demonstrate that tissue imaging can be performed with high axial resolution without the necessity to employ short-pulse and high peak-power laser systems to generate acoustic transients. The presented analysis shows that depth information in the FD-PTA method can be recovered by using linear frequency-modulated (chirped) optical excitation and frequency-domain signal processing algorithms. The signal-to-noise ratio can be increased significantly using correlation processing, which can compensate for the small amplitude of acoustic waves typical to the periodic excitation mode. Additionally, narrow-band signal demodulation enables depth-specific and confocal tissue imaging using the optically induced photothermoacoustic effect. Application of the FD-PTA is demonstrated in experiments with turbid phantoms and ex vivo tissue specimens.
Adaptive Scheduling on Power-Aware Managed Data-Centers Using Machine Learning (2011)

Energy-related costs have become one of the major economic factors in IT data-centers, and companies and the research community are currently working on new efficient power-aware resource management strategies, also known as "Green IT". Here we propose a framework for autonomic scheduling of tasks and web-services on cloud environments, optimizing the profit taking into account revenue for task execution minus penalties for service-level agreement violations, minus power consumption cost. The principal contribution is the combination of consolidation and virtualization technologies, mathematical optimization methods, and machine learning techniques. The data-center infrastructure, tasks to execute, and desired profit are casted as a mathematical programming model, which can then be solved in different ways to find good task scheduling. We use an exact solver based on mixed linear programming as a proof of concept but, since it is an NP-complete problem, we show that approximate solvers provide valid alternatives for finding approximately optimal schedules. The machine learning is used to estimate the initially unknown parameters of the mathematical model. In particular, we need to predict a priori resource usage (such as CPU consumption) by different tasks under current workloads, and estimate task service-level-agreement (such as response time) given workload features, host characteristics, and contention among tasks in the same host. Experiments show that machine learning algorithms can predict system behavior with acceptable accuracy, and that their combination with the exact or approximate schedulers manages to allocate tasks to hosts striking a balance between revenue for executed tasks, quality of service, and power consumption.
Model-based methods in analysis of biomedical images (1999)

Abstract Biomedical images usually contain complex objects, which will vary in appearance significantly from one image to another. Attempting to measure or detect the presence of particular structures in such images can be a daunting task. The inherent variability will thwart naive schemes. However, by using models which can cope with the variability it is possible to successfully analyse complex images. Here we will consider a number of methods where the model represents the expected shape and local greylevel structure of a target object in an image. Model-based methods make use of a prior model of what is expected in the image, and typically attempt to find the best match of the model to the data in a new image. Having matched the model, one can then make measurements or test whether the target is actually present.
Mid-Wave ZGP OPOs Pumped by a Cr:ZnSe Laser (2001)

A ZnGeP2 (ZGP) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) is described that is pumped by a gain-switched Cr2+:ZnSe laser and which is broadly pump-tuned in the midinfrared. Both Type I and Type II ZGP OPOs operating in the 4 to 6 µm region are demonstrated with slope efficiencies as high as 53%. The Type II configuration is noncritically phase matched and can potentially tune from 3.4 to 6.1 µm by tuning the pump laser from 2.1 to 2.9 µm. The Type I configuration can either angle- or pump-tune over nearly the entire transparency range of ZGP.
Unconditional security in Quantum Cryptography (1998)

Basic techniques to prove the unconditional security of quantum cryptography are described. They are applied to a quantum key distribution protocol proposed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984. The proof considers a practical variation on the protocol in which the channel is noisy and photons may be lost during the transmission. The initial coding into the channel must be perfect (i.e., exactly as described in the protocol). No restriction is imposed on the detector used at the receiving side of the channel, except that whether or not the received system is detected must be independent of the basis used to measure this system.
A production planning methodology for semiconductor manufacturing based on iterative simulation and linear programming calculations (1996)

We introduce a methodology for automated production planning of semiconductor manufacturing based on iterative linear programming (LP) optimization and discrete-event simulation calculations. The LP formulation incorporates epoch dependent parameters for flow times from lot release up to each operation on each manufacturing route. LP-derived release schedules are used as input to the simulation model, from which statistics on flow times are collected and used to reformulate the LP model for a revised planning calculation. Iteration continues until satisfactory agreement between simulation and LP models is obtained. We demonstrate in experiments on an industry data set that a relatively small number of iterations is required to develop a production plan correctly characterizing future flow times as a function of factory load and product mix. The methodology makes possible automated production planning of semiconductor manufacturing on an engineering work station.
1.54 μm Er3+ photoluminescent properties of erbium-doped Si/SiO2 superlattices (1999)

The 1.54 μm Er3+ photoluminescent properties of erbium-doped Si/SiO2 superlattices are investigated. Two superlattice films, one with erbium in Si layers and the other with erbium in SiO2 layers, were prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of SiH4 and O2 with cosputtering of erbium and subsequent rapid thermal anneal. Both display Er3+ luminescence, but it is stronger with longer luminescent lifetime and less temperature quenching when erbium is in the SiO2 layer. The results demonstrate that by using quantum structures, nonradiative deexcitation of Er3+ may be suppressed, and that carrier recombination events, which excite Er3+ ions, may be physically separated from Er atoms and still lead to an efficient Er3+ luminescence.
Incremental 3D collision detection with hierarchical data structures (1998)

3D collision detection is the most timeconsuming component of many geometric reasoning applications. Any improvements on the efficiency of the collision detection module may have a great impact on the overall performance of these applications. Most efficient collision detection algorithms in the literature use some sort of hierarchical bounding volumes, such as spheres or oriented bounding boxes, to reduce the number of calls to expensive collision checks between polygons. In this paper, we propose an incremental scheme that takes advantage of spatial coherence to improve the performance of this class of algorithms. Experiments have been conducted on a sphere-tree structure for several moving objects. Consistent improvements ranging from 70 to 90 percents were observed. These numbers are actually very close to the theoretical upper bound for such improvements. 1.
Three Repeat Isoforms of Tau Inhibit Assembly of Four Repeat Tau Filaments (2010)

Tauopathies are defined by assembly of the microtubule associated protein tau into filamentous tangles and classified by the predominant tau isoform within these aggregates. The major isoforms are determined by alternative mRNA splicing of exon 10 generating tau with three (3R) or four (4R) approximately 32 amino acid imperfect repeats in the microtubule binding domain. In normal adult brains there is an approximately equimolar ratio of 3R and 4R tau which is altered by several disease-causing mutations in the tau gene. We hypothesized that when 4R and 3R tau isoforms are not at equimolar ratios aggregation is favored. Here we provide evidence for the first time that the combination of 3R and 4R tau isoforms results in less in vitro heparin induced polymerization than with 4R preparations alone. This effect was independent of reducing conditions and the presence of alternatively spliced exons 2 and 3 N-terminal inserts. The addition of even small amounts of 3R to 4R tau assembly reactions significantly decreased 4R assembly. Together these findings suggest that co-expression of 3R and 4R tau isoforms reduce tau filament assembly and that 3R tau isoforms inhibit 4R tau assembly. Expression of equimolar amounts of 3R and 4R tau in adult humans may be necessary to maintain proper neuronal microtubule dynamics and to prevent abnormal tau filament assembly. Importantly, these findings indicate that disruption of the normal equimolar 3R to 4R ratio may be sufficient to drive tau aggregation and that restoration of the tau isoform balance may have important therapeutic implications in tauopathies.
Quantitative Measurement of Local Infrared Absorption and Dielectric Function with Tip-Enhanced Near-Field Microscopy (2013)

Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) and Fourier transform infrared nanospectroscopy (nano-FTIR) are emerging tools for nanoscale chemical material identification. Here, we push s-SNOM and nano-FTIR one important step further by enabling them to quantitatively measure local dielectric constants and infrared absorption. Our technique is based on an analytical model, which allows for a simple inversion of the near-field scattering problem. It yields the dielectric permittivity and absorption of samples with 2 orders of magnitude improved spatial resolution compared to far-field measurements and is applicable to a large class of samples including polymers and biological matter. We verify the capabilities by determining the local dielectric permittivity of a PMMA film from nano-FTIR measurements, which is in excellent agreement with far-field ellipsometric data. We further obtain local infrared absorption spectra with unprecedented accuracy in peak position and shape, which is the key to quantitative chemometrics on the nanometer scale.
O conceito de diagrama na semiótica de Charles S. Peirce (2012)

O design ou a analise de diagramas e topico recorrente em pesquisas na area de design, em especial em pesquisas na area de design grafico e design da informacao. Algumas destas pesquisas utilizam a semiotica como parte de sua fundamentacao teorica, mas nem sempre levam em consideracao o significado de ‘diagrama’ dentro da teoria do signo. Este artigo pretende elucidar as varias facetas do conceito de ‘diagrama’ presentes na obra de Charles Sanders Peirce: o diagrama enquanto sinonimo, ou melhor exemplo de signo iconico; enquanto um dos tres tipos de hipo-icone; e, finalmente, enquanto componente principal de processos de raciocinio. Na discussao final, sao apontadas algumas consequencias e possiveis desdobramentos deste conceito na pesquisa em design.
Effect of copper level and source (copper lysine vs copper sulfate) on copper status, performance, and immune response in growing steers fed diets with or without supplemental molybdenum and sulfur (1993)

One hundred twenty-six crossbred steers (218 kg initial BW) were used to determine the availability of Cu from copper lysine (CuLys) relative to CuSO4. Steers were assigned to pens (four replicates per treatment) based on BW and initial plasma Cu concentration and fed a corn silage-based diet supplemented with 0 or 5 ppm of Cu from either CuSO4 or CuLys. Half of the steers in each treatment were supplemented with 5 ppm of Mo and .2% S. Molybdenum and S supplementation increased (P < .10) growth rate during the first 21 d. Steers receiving CuSO4 gained more during the first 21 d than did control steers (P < .10) and steers receiving CuLys (P < .01). Growth, feed efficiency, and feed intake were not affected over the entire 98-d trial. Molybdenum and S supplementation decreased (P < .05) plasma Cu concentrations. Plasma Cu concentration was not affected by Cu source. Humoral immune response to ovalbumin was measured on d 7 and 77. Dietary treatment did not affect antibody production at either time. Cell-mediated immunity was measured in vivo on d 7 and 77 using phytohemagglutinin. In vivo cell reactivity was not affected by treatment on d 7 but was reduced (P < .10) by Mo and S supplementation on d 77. In vitro cell reactivity was measured on d 98 using a lymphocyte blastogenesis assay. Unstimulated lymphocytes from steers supplemented with Mo and S had lower (P < .10) uptakes of [3H]thymidine. There were no differences among treatments when lymphocytes were stimulated with pokeweed mitogen or phytohemagglutinin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Prevalence of Ascariasis and Amebiasis in Cherokee Indian School Children (1969)

George R. Healy, Neva N. Gleason, Robert Bokat, Harry Pond, Margaret Roper, Prevalence of Ascariasis and Amebiasis in Cherokee Indian School Children, Public Health Reports (1896-1970), Vol. 84, No. 10 (Oct., 1969), pp. 907-914
Wavelength-tuneable liquid crystal lasers from the visible to the near-infrared (2011)

The study of band-edge lasing from dye-doped chiral nematic liquid crystals has thus far been largely restricted to visible wavelengths. In this paper, a wide range of commercially available laser dyes are examined for their suitability as infrared emitters within a chiral nematic host. Problems such as poor solubility and reduced quantum efficiencies are overcome, and successful band-edge lasing is demonstrated within the range of 735-850 nm, using the dyes LD800, HITC-P and DOTC-P. This paper also reports on progress towards widely tuneable liquid crystal lasers, capable of emission in the region 460- 850 nm. Key to this is the use of common pump source, capable of simultaneously exciting all of the dyes (both infrared and visible) that are present within the system. Towards this aim, we successfully demonstrate near-infrared lasing (800 nm) facilitated by Förster energy transfer between the visible dye DCM, and the infra-red dye LD800, enabling pump wavelengths anywhere between 420 and 532 nm to be used. These results demonstrate that small and low-cost tuneable visible to near-infrared laser sources are achievable, using a single common pump source. Such devices are envisaged to have wide-ranging applications including medical imaging (including optical coherence tomography), point-of-care optical medical diagnostics (such as flow cytometry), telecommunications, and optical signatures for security coatings.
Film thickness monitor based on white light interference (1983)

A simple instrument is described which allows accurate and rapid measurements of thin films having optical thickness in the range 200 nm to 10 mu m. A direct readout of either optical or actual thickness is achieved. The instrument operates on the principle that the intensity of white light successively reflected from two thin films reaches an extremum when the optical thickness of the two films are equal. The instrument has found wide spread use within the semiconductor industry.
Fenretinide Derivatives Act as Disrupters of Interactions of Serum Retinol Binding Protein (sRBP) with Transthyretin and the sRBP Receptor (2011)

Serum retinol binding protein (sRBP) is released from the liver as a complex with transthyretin (TTR), a process under the control of dietary retinol. Elevated levels of sRBP may be involved in inhibiting cellular responses to insulin and in generating first insulin resistance and then type 2 diabetes, offering a new target for therapeutic attack for these conditions. A series of retinoid analogues were synthesized and examined for their binding to sRBP and their ability to disrupt the sRBP-TTR and sRBP-sRBP receptor interactions. A number inhibit the sRBP-TTR and sRBP-sRBP receptor interactions as well as or better than Fenretinide (FEN), presenting a potential novel dual mechanism of action and perhaps offering a new therapeutic intervention against type 2 diabetes and its development. Shortening the chain length of the FEN derivative substantially abolished binding to sRBP, indicating that the strength of the interaction lies in the polyene chain region. Differences in potency against the sRBP-TTR and sRBP-sRBP receptor interactions suggest variant effects of the compounds on the two loops of sRBP guarding the entrance of the binding pocket that are responsible for these two protein-protein interactions.
Is the best good enough? : optimality and competition in syntax (1998)

WHOT?, Peter Ackema and Ad Neeleman optimality and inversion in Spanish, Eric Bakovic morphology competes with syntax - explaining typological variation in weak crossover effects, Joan Bresman anaphora and soft constraints, Luigi Burzio some observation on economy in generative grammar, Noam Chomsky locality in variable binding, Danny Fox optimality theory and human sentence processing, Edward Gibson and Kevin Broihier optimal subjects and subject universals, Jane Grimshaw and Vieri Samek-Lodovici semantic and pragmatic context-dependence - the case of reciprocals, Yookyung Kim and Stanley Peters when less is more? faithfulness and minimal links in wh-chains, Geraldine Legendre, Paul Smolensky and Colin Wilson reference set, minimal link condition and parameterization, Masanori Nakamura on the nature of inputs and outputs - a case study of negation, Mark Newson some optimality principles of sentence pronunciation, David Pesetsky constraints on local economy, Geoffrey Poole the logical problem of language acquisition in optimality theory, Douglas Pulleyblank and William J. Turkel error-driven learning in optimality theory via the efficient computation of optimal forms, Bruce B. Tesar.
DNA fragmentation damage as a predictive marker for diabetic nephropathy in Type II diabetes mellitus (2018)

Background: Increased production of free radicals and oxidative stress in type II diabetic patients could be one of the probable causes for development of complications. The authors hypothesise that such a mechanism also contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy in those patients.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of DNA fragmentation damage with diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetes mellitus, so as to use it as a future novel predictive marker.Patients and methods: The study population included 100 patients with diabetic nephropathy, 100 diabetic patients without nephropathy and 100 healthy volunteers as controls. Lipid profile, fasting and post-prandial blood glucose, micro-albuminuria (micro-alb) and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed in patients and controls. The technique of capillary electrophoresis was used to detect DNA damage.Results: The frequency of DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was 71% in diabetic nephropathy compared with 45% in non-nephropathy patients (p < 0.001). None of healthy controls showed such a finding. Oxidative DNA fragmentation in the diabetic nephropathy group was 3.06 times that in the non-nephropathy group. Neither poor glycaemic control nor dyslipidaemia contributed to DNA damage in diabetic patients. Multivariate analysis showed that positive oxidative DNA damage test (OR1.58, p = 0.02) and the duration of ongoing DM (OR 1.48, p = 0.004) were the only independent factors contributing to the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy.Conclusion: Type II diabetic patients have more liability to oxidative DNA damage in general with a significantly higher frequency in diabetic nephropathy. DNA fragmentation analysis can be used as a predictive diagnostic biomarker for diabetic nephropathy.
High temperature pulsed photoacoustic studies of solids (2002)

A noncontact laser system has been designed which utilizes a pulsed photoacoustic source and interferometric detection to allow the absolute velocity of surface waves to be determined accurately at temperatures up to 1000 degrees C. Studies were carried out on aluminum to check the constancy of the calibration with changing temperature before undertaking the
Email forensic analysis based on k- means clustering (2015)

Computer crime activities are increasing more and more, which bring great threat to network security. Email is used for several computer crime activities due to its simplicity. In this scenario, email forensics is needed. This paper proposed an email forensic method using k-means clustering. We collect and analyze email data of suspicious users. Then filtering and clustering is done to obtain the email communication network graph. Finally, we apply spam filtering to avoid spam mails in network graph and k- means clustering on email messages to obtain the accurate communication graph. The algorithm can analyze the core members and the structure of criminal organization.