gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of MUC-1 Epitopes on Normal Bone Marrow: Implications for the Detection of Micrometastatic Tumor Cells (1999)

Our data demonstrate that some MUC-1 epitopes are expressed on normal BM cells and particularly on cells of the erythroid lineage. Hence the application of anti-MUC-1 antibodies for disseminated tumor cell detection in BM or peripheral blood progenitor cells may provide false-positive results, and only carefully evaluated anti-MUC-1 antibodies (eg, HMFG-2) might be selected. Furthermore, MUC-1-targeted immunotherapy in cancer patients might be hampered by the suppression of erythropoiesis.
TGF‐β‐producing regulatory B cells induce regulatory T cells and promote transplantation tolerance (2014)

Regulatory B (Breg) cells have been shown to play a critical role in immune homeostasis and in autoimmunity models. We have recently demonstrated that combined anti-T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-1 and anti-CD45RB antibody treatment results in tolerance to full MHC-mismatched islet allografts in mice by generating Breg cells that are necessary for tolerance. Breg cells are antigen-specific and are capable of transferring tolerance to untreated, transplanted animals. Here, we demonstrate that adoptively transferred Breg cells require the presence of regulatory T (Treg) cells to establish tolerance, and that adoptive transfer of Breg cells increases the number of Treg cells. Interaction with Breg cells in vivo induces significantly more Foxp3 expression in CD4(+) CD25(-) T cells than with naive B cells. We also show that Breg cells express the TGF-β associated latency-associated peptide and that Breg-cell mediated graft prolongation post-adoptive transfer is abrogated by neutralization of TGF-β activity. Breg cells, like Treg cells, demonstrate preferential expression of both C-C chemokine receptor 6 and CXCR3. Collectively, these findings suggest that in this model of antibody-induced transplantation tolerance, Breg cells promote graft survival by promoting Treg-cell development, possibly via TGF-β production.
Development and Application of Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Based on the ABI 7700 System (TaqMan) for Detection and Quantification of <i>Mycobacterium Avium</i> Subsp. <i>Paratuberculosis</i> (2002)

Numerous reports have described diagnostic methods based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used to detect Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative agent of Johne's disease. The result of conventional PCR tests has been only qualitative, either positive or negative; it does not present any quantitative information about the number of the agents in the specimen. A quantitative PCR method (IS900 TaqMan) was developed to measure the number of M. a. paratuberculosis organisms present in field and clinical samples. The sensitivity of IS900 TaqMan was 1 colony-forming unit (CFU) for M. a. paratuberculosis ATCC 19698. The specificity of the method was determined by testing 14 mycobacterial species (M. abscessus, M. asiaticum, M. avium subsp. avium, M. bovis, M. fortuitum subsp. fortuitum, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. phlei, M. scrofulaceum, M. simiae, M. smegmatis, M. terrae, and M. ulcerans) and 9 nonmycobacterial species (Borrelia burgdorferi, Chlamydia psittaci, Ehrlichia canis, E. equi, E. risticii, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Streptococcus equi, and S. zooepidemicus). Even at high cell numbers (10(5) CFU/reaction), most of the organisms tested negative for the IS900 insertion element except M. marinum and M. scrofulaceum. This finding for M. scrofulaceum was consistent with previous reports that several M. scrofulaceum-like isolates were positive for IS900. Those isolates had 71-79% homology with M. a. paratuberculosis in the region of IS900. When used in conjunction with the new liquid medium-based ESP culture system II for bovine clinical fecal samples, IS900 TaqMan confirmed that the ESP II-positive samples contained 10(5)-10(6) CFU/ml of M. a. paratuberculosis. All of the 222 ESP II-positive and acid-fast bacilli-positive samples tested in this study were positive by IS900 TaqMan. IS900 TaqMan was also useful in the study of growth characteristics of 3 groups of M. a. paratuberculosis strains in bovine fecal samples from 3 shedding levels (heavy, medium, and low) based on cell numbers measured by Herrold egg yolk (HEY) agar culture. When cultured in ESP medium, M. a. paratuberculosis reached 10(5)-10(6) CFU/ml within 2 weeks for heavy shedders, 3-4 weeks for medium, and 6-8 weeks for low shedders. No significant growth was observed after up to 5 weeks of incubation for some of low shedders. No or extremely slow growth characteristic of low shedders might be a possible explanation for frequent false-negative results by HEY. The detection time was dependent on the inoculum size and the growth rate of M. a. paratuberculosis. Generation times were inversely proportional to the shedding level: 1-2 days for medium and heavy shedders and >4 days for low shedders. IS900 TaqMan could be a useful tool for determining viable cell counts by measuring changes in cell numbers over the incubation period.
Fusion of Bracketing Pictures (2009)

When taking pictures in a night scene with artificial lighting, a very common situation, for most cameras the light coming from the scene is not enough and we are posed with the following problem: we can use the flash which yields a bright, sharp image but with colors quite different from the ones present in the real scene, or we can either increase the exposure setting so as to let the camera absorb more light, or just keep the normal (short) exposure setting and take a dark picture. If we discard the flash as an option and use instead the exposure bracketing feature available in most photo cameras, we obtain a series of pictures taken in rapid succession with different exposure times, with the implicit idea that the user picks from this set the better looking image. But it's a quite common situation that none of these images is good enough: in general, good color information is retained from longer exposure settings while sharp details are obtained from the shorter ones. In this work we propose a technique for automatically recombining a bracketed pair of images into a single picture that reflects the optimal properties of each one. The proposed technique uses stereo matching to extract the optimal color information from the overexposed image and Non-local means denoising to suppress noise while retaining sharp details in the luminance of the underexposed image.
<title>Electroless Cu and barrier layers for subhalf-micron multilevel interconnects</title> (1997)

Characteristics of electroless Cu, Co and Ni alloys for a multilevel metallization as well as for local interconnects and silicide formations for sub-0.5 micrometers ULSIs are presented. An integration of the electroless Cu and CoWP multilayers in an ULSI damascene process for the quarter-micron Cu interconnects of aspect ratio 4:1 is discussed. The following techniques are involved in this process: conformal electroless deposition of CoWP barrier on the thin sputtered Co seed layer, electroless Cu deposition directly onto CoWP barrier to fill a deep trench or a via, removal of the excess barrier and Cu on the oxide by chemical mechanical polishing, Pd activation of the Cu surface and selective electroless CoWP deposition onto Pd- activated in-laid Cu lines to prevent Cu oxidation and corrosion. The study of the selective electroless NiP deposition on Si for silicide formations for sub-0.25micrometers ULSI technology is also presented.
GUDM: Automatic Generation of Unified Datasets for Learning and Reasoning in Healthcare (2015)

A wide array of biomedical data are generated and made available to healthcare experts. However, due to the diverse nature of data, it is difficult to predict outcomes from it. It is therefore necessary to combine these diverse data sources into a single unified dataset. This paper proposes a global unified data model (GUDM) to provide a global unified data structure for all data sources and generate a unified dataset by a "data modeler" tool. The proposed tool implements user-centric priority based approach which can easily resolve the problems of unified data modeling and overlapping attributes across multiple datasets. The tool is illustrated using sample diabetes mellitus data. The diverse data sources to generate the unified dataset for diabetes mellitus include clinical trial information, a social media interaction dataset and physical activity data collected using different sensors. To realize the significance of the unified dataset, we adopted a well-known rough set theory based rules creation process to create rules from the unified dataset. The evaluation of the tool on six different sets of locally created diverse datasets shows that the tool, on average, reduces 94.1% time efforts of the experts and knowledge engineer while creating unified datasets.
HIP Sintering and Saturation Magnetization of Fe4N. (1996)

Since Fe4N decomposes at 670°C, sintering of Fe4N powder has not been performed under atmospheric pressure. In this study, Fe4N powders have been sintered below the decomposition temperature applying hipping pressure. The sealed capsule containing Fe4N powder was hipped at 450-550°C for 2 hours under 50-200 MPa. The decomposition of Fe4N was confirmed at 550°C. Therefore, hipping temperature was restricted below 500°C. The maximum relative density 97% was obtained for the specimen hipped at 500°C under the maximum pressure of 200MPa. The specimen obtained at 450°C has a higher saturation magnetization than that obtained at 500°C. The maximum saturation magne-tization 182emu/g was measured for a specimen obtained at 450°C under 200 MPa. The saturation magnetization was decreased to 151 emu/g by the addition of small amount of oxygen (0.33wt%) to Fe4N raw powder. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the hipped Fe4N was higher than that of steel.
Formal semantics and automated analysis of BPMN process models (2007)

The Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN) is a standard for capturing business processes in the early phases of systems development. The mix of constructs found in BPMN makes it possible to obtain models with a range of semantic errors. The ability to statically check the semantic correctness of models is thus a desirable feature for modelling tools based on BPMN. However, the static analysis of BPMN models is hindered by ambiguities in the standard specification and the complexity of the language. The fact that BPMN integrates constructs from graph-oriented process definition languages with features for concurrent execution of multiple instances of a subprocess and exception handling, makes it challenging to provide a formal semantics of BPMN. Even more challenging is to define a semantics that can be used to analyse BPMN models. This paper proposes a formal semantics of BPMN defined in terms of a mapping to Petri nets, for which efficient analysis techniques exist. The proposed mapping has been implemented as a tool that generates code in the Petri Net Markup Language. This formalisation exercise has also led to the identification of a number of deficiencies in the BPMN standard specification.
Floating CMOS resistor (1993)

A floating resistor scheme is described in which a CMOS device is linearised by the application of a suitably scaled common-mode signal to the gate terminal only. SPICE studies indicate that the proposed resistor offers low distortion over a tuning range of 3:1. The design, for which a patent application has been filed, makes no special demands on device aspect ratios and could offer an economic alternative to fully-balanced topologies.
Heterojunction band offsets and effective masses in III-V quaternary alloys (1991)

Estimates of valence-band and conduction-band offsets for lattice-matched and pseudomorphic strained heterostructures of six technologically important III-V quaternary alloys are presented. Valence-band offsets are obtained via interpolation of the theory-based results of Van de Walle's 'model-solid' approach for the binary constituents. Estimates for band gap differences are obtained via interpolation of the experimental band gap energies of the ternary constituents. Adding the valence-band offset and band gap difference gives an estimate of the conduction-band offset. Band-edge effective masses at Gamma are determined from a linear interpolation of the effective masses of the binary constituents, obtained from self-consistent ab initio band structure calculations. Results are shown to agree well with the outcome of experiments.
Using high resolution and dynamic reaction cell for the improvement of the sensitivity of direct silicon determination in uranium materials by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (2013)

The paper describes solving the problem of direct silicon determination at low levels in uranium materials, caused by the spectral interferences of polyatomic ions and the high value of blank levels, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS). To overcome the interference problem, two primary techniques have been applied: double focusing high-resolution ICP MS and dynamic reaction cell (DRC) filled with highly reactive ammonia gas. All measurements were performed at high resolution (m/Δm = 4000) on an Element-2 mass spectrometer and pressurized mode of a dynamic reaction cell on an Elan DRC II mass spectrometer. The ways to reducing background levels are investigated. The effects of operating conditions, such as plasma parameters, DRC system original parameters, and uranium matrix influence on the analytical signals of silicon at m/z = 28 have been observed for different mass spectrometer types. The detection limits and the random error characteristics (relative standard deviation) of silicon determination in uranium materials were estimated.
TREATMENT OF DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CARCINOMA IN 7 DOGS UTILIZING<sup>131</sup>I (1995)

Seven dogs with thyroid gland carcinoma were treated with 131 I and hormone suppressive therapy either alone (3 dogs) or in combination with surgery (3 dogs) or 137 Cs teletherapy and chemotherapy (1 dog). Empirically chosen doses of 75 to 137 mCi of 131 I were given orally (2 dogs) and intravenously (5 dogs). Adverse effects were limited to acute, transient bone marrow hypoplasia and pancytopenia. Nominal objective reduction in tumor volume or size and number of pulmonary metastases was observed in 4 dogs treated with 131 I and thyroxine. Of these 4 dogs, 2 had stable disease for periods of 4 and 12 months while a third dog had stable disease for 27 months following two 131 I treatments at 3 month intervals. The fourth dog had progressive disease. Two dogs with mediastinal metastases showed reduction in localization of 99m Tc pertechnetate and radioiodine following 2 and 3 treatments using 131 I. It appears that relatively high doses of 131 I can be used safely for the treatment of canine thyroid tumors and that further investigation can be justified to define its efficacy.
Charging Unplugged: Will Distributed Laser Charging for Mobile Wireless Power Transfer Work? (2016)

Increasing the battery-recharge period of smartphones is becoming a challenge since their power consumption is increased as a result of enhanced functions that require sophisticated multimedia signal processing. An attractive solution is constituted by wireless charging, which is capable of replenishing the battery over the ether. Given this motivation, we present the fundamental physics and the related system structure of a promising wireless charging technique, i.e., distributed laser charging (DLC). Relying on DLC's unique features, we may be capable of transmitting approximately 2 W of power up to a distance of about 10 m. Following the comparison of the other three major wireless charging techniques, i.e., inductive coupling, magnetic resonance coupling, and microwave radiation, we demonstrate the benefits of DLC in the context of mobile applications. We then propose a pair of wireless charging network architectures, i.e., a DLC-aided, infrastructure-based network and a DLC-based ad-hoc network. These network architectures illustrate the potential of DLC in realizing the fully charged utopia for any device, anywhere, and anytime.
Simultaneous High-Resolution and High-Throughput Spectrometer Design Based on Virtual Slit Technology (2012)

The classic trade-off between resolution and throughput in a dispersive spectrometer is eliminated using virtual slit technology. An optimized spectrometer incorporating a virtual slit designed from the ground up is experimentally demonstrated.
Long-term Effects of Pruning Severity, Nodes per Bearing Unit, Training System, and Shoot Positioning on Yield and Quality of ‘Concord’ Grapes (1984)

Abstract Yields on ‘Concord’ grape ( Vitis labrusca L.) increased as pruning severity was decreased until the 6th and last year of this study, at which time the yields tended to equalize between the 30 + 10, 50 + 10, and 70 + 10 pruning treatments. By the last year, vines pruned to the 70 + 10 level produced fruit of unacceptable quality. When the 3-node spurs were shoot-positioned, their productivity was comparable to buds on the 6- and 9-node canes, indicating the need for exposure to sunlight. The length of the bearing unit has little or no effect on fruit quality attributes. In general, shoot positioning increased yield, node productivity, the percentage of soluble solids, and lowered vine size throughout the study. Geneva Double Curtain (GDC) trained vines produced more fruit than the bilateral cordon (BC) trained vines. Fruit from GDC trained vines had a reduced percentage of soluble solids in 2 of the last 3 years, and tended to have a low pH. The most productive vines producing fruit of acceptable quality for the 6-year mean were the GDC trained, 50 + 10 pruned to 6-node bearing units, and shoot positioned.
A nested-PCR with an Internal Amplification Control for the detection and differentiation of Bartonella henselae and B. clarridgeiae: An examination of cats in Trinidad (2005)

The usefulness of a single PCR for the detection of Bartonella henselae and B. clarridgeiae in the blood of cats is questionable. A nested-PCR offers increased sensitivity over a primary PCR and should be evaluated with currently used methods for the routine detection and speciation of Bartonella henselae and B. clarridgeiae. In Trinidad, B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae are the predominant species in cats and infection appears highest with stray cats, however B. clarridgeiae may be present at levels similar to that of B. henselae in the pet population.
Data Security and Privacy in Cloud Computing (2014)

Data security has consistently been a major issue in information technology. In the cloud computing environment, it becomes particularly serious because the data is located in different places even in all the globe. Data security and privacy protection are the two main factors of user's concerns about the cloud technology. Though many techniques on the topics in cloud computing have been investigated in both academics and industries, data security and privacy protection are becoming more important for the future development of cloud computing technology in government, industry, and business. Data security and privacy protection issues are relevant to both hardware and software in the cloud architecture. This study is to review different security techniques and challenges from both software and hardware aspects for protecting data in the cloud and aims at enhancing the data security and privacy protection for the trustworthy cloud environment. In this paper, we make a comparative research analysis of the existing research work regarding the data security and privacy protection techniques used in the cloud computing.
Continuously tunable diode-pumped UV-blue laser source (1993)

Continuous tunability and high efficiency are obtained from an intracavity-doubled optical parametric oscillator pumped by a frequency-doubled diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. The optical parametric oscillator is tunable from 760 to 1040 nm with 30% efficiency, giving 380-520-nm tunability after intracavity doubling with 40% efficiency.
Novel Circular Grating Surface-Emitting Laser with Emission from Center (1994)

In this letter, we propose a new circular grating surface-emitting laser that is featured by a central emission area. Pulsed room temperature operation has been demonstrated.
ON THE CONTENTS OF THE THIRD, FOURTH (SEVENTH), AND FIFTH (EIGHTH) BOOKS (2010)

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后DIY时代,我们需要什么硬件——板卡发展趋势分析与展望 (2010)

随着新年钟声的敲响,2009年被史册收纳其中,2010年已经启航。在这辞旧迎新之际,我们习惯于总结过往,展望未来。回顾过去板卡市场发展规律的时候,我们发现了一个规律：以往极限超频的特性被逐渐淡忘,取而代之的是一些人性化的功能。这些简单而朴实的功能远比之前华而不实的片面功能放大明显要实在很多,而且这也是普通消费者能够切身体验到的。从这点我们似乎感觉到,整个DIY市场已经从之前纷繁混乱的时代,渐渐走向一个趋于理性的发展轨道,这其中少不了各家研发实力的催化剂作用。面对当前市场上琳琅满目的特色技术,哪些值得我们关注？哪些又会对整个DIY行业发展起到引导作用？本次专题将进行全面解析与展望。
In-Situ Exploration of Lubricating Fluid Properties in Confined Mechanical Contacts.pptx. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Development of A Carbon Dioxide Laser Cystoscope (1978)

A 50-watt carbon dioxide continuous laser coupled to a Zeiss surgical microscope was used to study the characteristics of laser-induced lesions on the exteriorized canine bladder. The relationship of energy to the depth of the lesion created by the laser was evaluated. Healing, vertical temperature transmission and hemostasis were studied. A prototype carbon dioxide laser cystoscope then was constructed and used endoscopically to create surgical lesions in the intact canine bladder.
Nucleotide sequence and over-expression of morphine dehydrogenase, a plasmid-encoded gene from <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> M10 (1993)

Pseudomonas putida M10 was originally isolated from factory waste liquors by selection for growth on morphine. The NADP(+)-dependent morphine dehydrogenase that initiates morphine catabolism is encoded by a large plasmid of 165 kb. Treatment of P. putida M10 with ethidium bromide led to the isolation of a putative plasmid-free strain that was incapable of growth on morphine. The structural gene for morphine dehydrogenase, morA, has been located on the plasmid by oligonucleotide hybridization, by coupled transcription-translation of cloned restriction fragments and by nucleotide sequence analysis and is contained within a 1.7 kb SphI fragment that has been cloned into Escherichia coli. The cloned dehydrogenase enzyme is expressed at high levels in E. coli resulting in a 65-fold increase in morphine dehydrogenase activity in cell-free extracts compared with P. putida M10. Morphine dehydrogenase was rapidly purified to homogeneity, as judged by SDS/PAGE, by a one-step affinity chromatography procedure on Mimetic Orange 3 A6XL. The properties of the purified enzyme were identical with those previously reported for P. putida M10 morphine dehydrogenase. The morA gene was sequenced and the deduced amino acid sequence confirmed by N-terminal amino acid sequencing of the over-expressed protein. The predicted amino acid sequence of morA, deduced from the nucleotide sequence, indicated that morphine dehydrogenase did not belong to the non-metal-requiring short-chain class of dehydrogenases, but was more closely related to the aldo-ketoreductases.
Reducing the PAPR of OFDM Systems by Random Variable Transformation (2013)

Peak power reduction techniques in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been an important subject for many researchers for over 20 years. In this letter, we propose a side-information-free technique that is based on the concept of random variable (RV) transformation. The suggested method transforms RVs into other RVs, aiming to reshape the constellation that will consequently produce OFDM symbols with a reduced peak-to-average power ratio. The proposed method has no limitation on the mapping type or the mapping order and has no significant effect on the bit error rate performance compared to other methods presented in the literature. Additionally, the computational complexity does not increase.