gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glycosylation, Palmitoylation, and Localization of the Human D<sub>2S</sub> Receptor in Baculovirus-Infected Insect Cells (1996)

In order to evaluate the baculovirus expression system as a means for high-yield production of homogeneous D2S receptor, we have expressed various D2S receptor constructs in two Spodoptera frugiperda cell lines, a Trichoplusia ni and a Mammestra brassicae cell line. To improve expression yield, the environment of the polyhedrin gene translational initiation site was retained by fusing the first 12 codons of the polyhedrin gene to the 5'-end of the D2S receptor coding sequence. The pharmacological profile of the expressed D2S receptor was similar to that reported for neuronal D2 receptors. Sf9 and Tn cells were best suited for overexpression, yielding about 2 x 10(6) and 4 x 10(6) receptors/cell, respectively, corresponding to 6 pmol/mg of cell protein in Sf9 cells and 10 pmol/mg of cell protein in Tn cells. We have developed a D2 receptor-specific anti-peptide antibody to study glycosylation, palmitoylation, and localization of the heterologously produced receptor. Immunoprecipitation of digitonin/cholate-solubilized receptor from control and tunicamycin-treated Sf9, Tn, and Mb cells revealed an apparent molecular mass of 47-48 kDa for the glycosylated receptor and of 39-40 kDa for the unglycosylated receptor. Although pulse-chase studies showed that glycosylation occurred rapidly and efficiently, the glycosylated receptor only constituted a small fraction of the overall produced receptor protein, which was mainly located intracellularly. The glycosylation of the receptor was of the high-mannose-type in contrast to the complex-type glycosylation found in native tissue. The glycosylated D2S receptor was palmitoylated. Glycosylation, however, was not a prerequisite for palmitoylation which was insensitive to tunicamycin, brefeldin A, and monensin. NH2-terminal addition of the signal sequence of prepromelittin to the D2S receptor increased expression levels 2-3-fold and significantly enhanced membrane insertion and processing, resulting in increased targeting of the synthesized receptor to the plasma membrane.
Diethylstilbestrol Induces Rat Spermatogenic Cell Apoptosis in Vivo through Increased Expression of Spermatogenic Cell Fas/FasL System (2003)

The significant role that estrogens play in spermatogenesis has opened up an exciting area of research in male reproductive biology. The realization that estrogens are essential for proper maintenance of spermatogenesis, as well as growing evidence pointing to the deleterious effects of estrogen-like chemicals on male reproductive health, has made it imperative to dissect the role estrogens play in the male. Using a model estrogen, diethylstilbestrol (DES), to induce spermatogenic cell apoptosis in vivo in the male rat, we provide a new insight into an estrogen-dependent regulation of the Fas-FasL system specifically in spermatogenic cells. We show a distinct increase in Fas-FasL expression in spermatogenic cells upon exposure to diethylstilbestrol. This increase is confined to the spermatid population, which correlates with increased apoptosis seen in the haploid cells. Testosterone supplementation is able to prevent DES-induced Fas-FasL up-regulation and apoptosis in the spermatogenic cells. DES-induced germ cell apoptosis does not occur in Fas-deficient lpr mice. One other important finding is that spermatogenic cells are type II cells, as the increase in Fas-FasL expression in the spermatogenic cells is followed by the cleavage of caspase-8 to its active form, following which Bax translocates to the mitochondria and precipitates the release of cytochrome c that is accompanied by a drop in mitochondrial potential. Subsequent to this, activation of caspase-9 occurs that in turn activates caspase-3 leading to the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Taken together, the data indicate that estrogen-like chemicals can precipitate apoptotic death in spermatogenic cells by increasing the expression of spermatogenic cell Fas-FasL, thus initiating apoptosis in the same lineage of cells through the activation of the apoptotic pathway chosen by type II cells.
Quo Vadis evolvable hardware? (1999)

article Free Access Share on Quo Vadis evolvable hardware? Authors: Moshe Sipper Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, SwitzerlandView Profile , Daniel Mange Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, SwitzerlandView Profile , Eduardo Sanchez Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, SwitzerlandView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 42Issue 4April 1999pp 50–56https://doi.org/10.1145/299157.299171Published:01 April 1999Publication History 14citation827DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations14Total Downloads827Last 12 Months23Last 6 weeks6 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
Lubricating Properties of the Initial Salivary Pellicle — an AFM Study (2003)

The role of saliva in the oral cavity is manifold; an important function is to serve as lubricant between hard (enamel) and soft (mucosal) tissues. Intraoral lubrication is of crucial importance in order to maintain functions such as deglutition, mastication and the faculty of speech. A large number of people suffer from impaired salivary functions, displaying symptoms such as 'dry mouth'. This results in a need for methods to assess the lubricating properties of both native saliva and potential artificial saliva formulations. Here, normal as well as lateral forces, acting between adsorbed salivary films, have been measured for the first time by means of colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (AFM). It was found that the presence of salivary pellicles between hard surfaces reduces the friction coefficient by a factor of 20. This reduction of friction is consistent with the long-range purely repulsive nature of the normal forces acting between the salivary films. The lubricating mechanism is presumably based on a full separation of the sliding surfaces by the salivary films. The friction between salivary films has been investigated at normal loads that cover the clinical jaw closing forces, and it can be concluded that the lubricating properties are maintained within this load interval. The present study indicates the usefulness of colloidal probe AFM, which offers a direct and quantitative measure of lubrication at a molecular level, in the study of biotribological phenomena. In particular, the results obtained here may have implications for the development of saliva substitutes.
Device design for the submicrometer p-channel FET with n<sup>+</sup>polysilicon gate (1984)

CMOS has become one of the most important technologies for VLSI applications. If the conventional n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> polysilicon gate approach is to be maintained for VLSI CMOS, the p-channel transistor will cause problems in scaling down to submicrometers due to the counter-doping that is necessary to adjust the threshold voltage to a reasonable value. The depth of the p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> source-drain junctions will also cause short-channel effects. This paper presents in-depth analysis of the submicrometer p-channel transistor structure. The effects of the counter-doping junction depth and the source-drain junction depth on the device subthreshold characteristics are discussed. Criteria for the submicrometer p-channel transistor structure with good subthreshold characteristics are presented. A new technique for minimizing the counter-doping junction depth is also presented. Submicrometer p-channel transistors with n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> polysilicon gate were fabricated using this new technique as well as techniques for forming very shallow p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -junctions. Devices with submicrometer channel lengths showed very good subthreshold characteristics, as predicted by simulations.
Apoptosis in the Rat Penis After Penile Denervation (1997)

Apoptosis of penile erectile tissue occurs after denervation of the rat penis. This has not been previously described in the literature and may offer some explanation at the molecular level concerning the mechanism of impotence and/or decrease in penile size after radical prostatectomy.
A Field Case History: Chemical Treatment of a Produced-Water Injection System Using Anthraquinone Improves Water Quality and Reduces Costs (2001)

Abstract Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are notorious for causing decreases in the quality of oilfield injection waters due to their ability to increase total suspended solids (TSS). Through dissimilatory respiration, SRB reduce sulfate to sulfide, which subsequently forms hazardous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas. H2S is not only an environmental health threat, but it also can indirectly contribute to decreased water injectivity by reacting with soluble iron to form iron sulfides. These very tenacious solids can plug formation faces, thereby reducing the volume of water a well can take at a specified injection pressure. A previously reported study showed that an anthraquinone treatment program was capable of controlling biogenic H2S generation while maintaining TSS within field specifications (SPE 50741). Subsequently, an anthraquinone program was initiated in Chevron's Lost Hills Field (California) produced water injection system. Chevron's water treatment program had been a continuous injection of a quaternary biocide compound plus a weekly slug dose injection of another biocide (acrolein) to control SRB, TSS and H2S. Chevron also maintained a monthly pigging program that required the disposal of classified hazardous wastes due to the continuous injection of the quaternary chemical. The new treatment program included weekly slug injections of acrolein followed by a slug dose of a soluble form of anthraquinone. The monthly pigging program was maintained, but the continuous quaternary compound usage was eliminated. This paper describes the produced water injection system, the treatment program and the parameters monitored, including TSS, SRB, and H2S levels before and after the implementation of the anthraquinone treatment program. These data show that the new program has resulted in injection water quality which is currently better than previously measured during the recent history of the field and which now for the first time consistently meets Chevron's TSS specification.
Controlled two-step solid-phase crystallization for high-performance polysilicon TFT's (1997)

Solid-phase crystallization for polysilicon thin-film transistors (TFT's) is generally limited by a tradeoff between throughput and device performance. Larger grains require lower crystallization temperatures, and hence, longer crystallization times. In this letter, a novel crystallization technique is presented which increases both throughput and device performance, using a two-step process, controlled using an in situ acoustic temperature/crystallinity sensor. A high-temperature rapid thermal annealing (RTA) nucleation step is followed by a low-temperature grain growth step to grow large-grain polysilicon. TFT's have been fabricated with a substantial improvement in throughput and device performance. This promises a high-throughput, high-performance, spatially uniform TFT process.
A prototype implementation of an orthographic software modeling environment (2013)

Orthographic Software Modeling (OSM) is a view-centric software engineering approach that aims to leverage the orthographic projection metaphor used in the visualization of physical objects to visualize software systems. Although the general concept of OSM does not prescribe specific sets of views, a concrete OSM environment has to be specific about the particular views to be used in a particular project. At the University of Mannheim we are developing a prototype OSM environment, nAOMi, that supports the views defined by the KobrA 2.0 method, a version of KobrA adapted for OSM. In this paper we provide an overview of the KobrA 2.0 metamodel underpinning nAOMi and give a small example of its use to model a software system.
Growth and Dispersal of Larvae of the Checkerspot Butterfly Euphydryas editha (1987)

We investigated growth and dispersal of postdiapause Euphydryas editha larvae in a serpentine soil-based grassland, using groups of individually marked and weighed larvae. Larval weight gain was highly correlated with insolation at ground level which is determined by slope exposure and date. Maximum dispersal distances were in excess of 10 m d-l1; dispersal greater than 5 m d-~ resulted in depressed growth rates during the period of dispersal. Larvae which disperse such distances can transfer from cool to warm slopes and can pupate up to two weeks sooner than larvae remaining on cool slopes, even after paying the time and metabolic costs of dispersal. We discuss the implications of larval dispersal on individual fitness and population persistence.
Structure-Activity Relationships of 2-Chloropyridine-3-carboxamide Fungicides (1992)

N-置換アリール-2-クロロピリジン-3-カルボキサミド誘導体を合成し, その構造活性相関を検討した. 本系統には, 紋枯病 (Rhizoctonia solani) のみならず灰色かび病 (Botrytis cinerea) に対しても高い活性が見られた. 灰色かび病に対しては, アニリン部分のオルト位にアルキル基が置換した誘導体が高い活性を示した. また, 3位にアルキル置換したN-(インダン-4-イル) カルボキサミド誘導体には著しく高い活性が見られた. 置換アリールの環内にヘテロ原子を導入した場合活性は低下した. さまざまな縮合環においてアルキル置換基の長さが増すほど, 殺菌活性は向上した. 一方, 紋枯病に対しては, メタ位にアルコキシ基あるいはアルキル基が置換したアニリド誘導体が高い活性を示した. インダンあるいは種々の環を有したカルボキサミド誘導体では, 1位にアルキル基が置換した場合に著しく高い活性を示した. これらの化合物の中でN-(1, 1, 3-トリメチルインダン-4-イル)-2-クロロピリジン-3-カルボキサミド (BC723) は, いずれの病害に対しても最も良好な活性を示すことが見出された.
Irreversible Electroporation for the Ablation of Liver Tumors (2012)

Irreversible electroporation is likely to fill a niche void for the ablation of small liver tumors abutting a major vascular structure and for ablation of tumors abutting a major portal pedicle where heat sink and collateral damage must be avoided for maximum efficacy and safety. Studies are still needed to define the short-term and long-term oncologic efficacy of IRE.
Clinical Chemistry—Principles and Technics, 2nd ed. R. J. Henry, J. W. Winkelman, and D. C. Cannon, Eds. Harper & Row, Publishers, New York, N. Y., 1974, xii + 1629 pp. 267 illustrations. $37.50 (1975)

Journal Article Clinical Chemistry—Principles and Technics, 2nd ed. R. J. Henry, J. W. Winkelman, and D. C. Cannon, Eds. Harper & Row, Publishers, New York, N. Y., 1974, xii + 1629 pp. 267 illustrations. $37.50 Get access Sylvan M Sax Sylvan M Sax West Pennsylvania Hospital Pittsburgh, Pa. 15224 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 21, Issue 2, 1 February 1975, Pages 273–274, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/21.2.273a Published: 01 February 1975
At Play in the Garden of Ambivalence: Andrew Marvell and the Green World (1975)

mind begins as an exact reflection of a green world that simul taneously mirrors the mind's desire. In this poem, though, as in Damon the and The Mower to the Glowworms, this relationship is destroyed, and, in a manner left unexplained, it is a woman, Juliana, who destroys it. Elsewhere,2 I have attempted to ex plain in psychoanalytic terms how it is Juliana's tantalizing sexuality (not her rejection of the Mower) that destroys a relationship very much like what D. W. Winnicott calls the mirror relationship be tween mother and nursing infant.3 In The Garden, from which
A 32-bit microprocessor with high performance bit-map manipulation instructions (2003)

The GMICRO/100, a 32-b microprocessor based on the TRON architecture specification, is described. The GMICRO/100 uses high-level instructions, such as those in bit-map manipulation. The bit-map instructions are implemented by pipelining micro-operations, and achieve optimum use of the memory bus in the execution. The bit-map instructions are 2 to 3 times faster than repeating move instructions by the software. Microprogram development tools for the GMICRO/100 design are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Quadruple ridge-loaded circular waveguide phased arrays (1974)

An equivalent circuit representation of quadruple ridge-loaded waveguide arrays is presented which is useful for synthesis and optimization of array performance. The validity of this technique has been verified by simulator measurement.
Assessing and Understanding Patient Risk (1992)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) gastropathy is the most frequent and one of the most severe drug side effects in the United States. NSAID-associated gastropathy has been estimated to account for at least 7600 deaths and 76000 hospitalizations each year in the United States alone. Hospitalizations in rheumatoid arthritis patients occurred in 1.6% of patients; for patients with osteoarthritis the incidence appears to be substantially lower. This is based on a consecutive series of 3000 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were followed prospectively for an average of five years by ARAMIS, the Arthritis, Rheumatism and Aging Medical Information System. Multivariate analyses assessing risk factors for serious gastrointestinal (GI) events were performed on 1694 rheumatoid arthritis patients taking NSAIDs. The most important risk factors of higher age, use of prednisone, previous NSAID GI side effects, prior GI hospitalization, functional disability (based on the American Rheumatism Association classification), and NSAID dose are variables in an algorithm which estimates the risk of a serious GI event occurring in the next 12 months. Knowledge of risk factors and their interrelationships provides a tool for identifying patients at high risk and guides therapeutic decisions.
Kinetics of Propylene Polymerization Using Bis(2-phenylindenyl)zirconium Dichloride/Methylaluminoxane (2000)

The kinetics of propylene polymerization in toluene solution by bis(2-phenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride/methylaluminoxane at 20 °C were investigated. As the structure and properties of elastomeric polypropylenes produced by these catalysts depend sensitively on the reaction conditions, a detailed study of the kinetics was carried out to evaluate the influence of these parameters on the polymerization behavior. Studies of the solubilities and mass-transfer rates reveal that dissolved atactic polypropylene has little effect on propylene solubility but influences the mass-transfer rate of propylene into solution. The rates of propylene polymerization reach a maximum after 10−20 min and then decrease. The decrease in rate over time is faster at higher monomer concentrations. Catalyst activity was negligible at [Al]/[Zr] = 1000 but constant from [Al]/[Zr] = 2500 to [Al]/[Zr] = 10 000. Analysis of molecular weights as a function of monomer concentration reveal β-hydride elimination to be the primary chain-transfer mechanism. Narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn = 2.0−2.6) were obtained. The increase of the isotactic dyads and pentads ([m] and [mmmm]) with increasing monomer concentration reveals an additional kinetic event which competes with the stereodifferentiating olefin insertion step. Modeling studies are more consistent with a mechanism involving interconversion of the catalyst between isospecific and aspecific states than a mechanism involving epimerization of the stereogenic centers of the growing polymer chain.
Scalable and Resilient Workflow Executions on Production Distributed Computing Infrastructures (2012)

In spite of the growing interest for grids and cloud infrastructures among scientific communities and the availability of such facilities at large-scale, achieving high performance in production environments remains challenging due to at least four factors: the low reliability of very large-scale distributed computing infrastructures, the performance overhead induced by shared facilities, the difficulty to obtain fair balance of all user jobs in such an heterogeneous environment, and the complexity of large-scale distributed applications deployment. All together, these difficulties make infrastructure exploitation complex, and often limited to experts. This paper introduces a pragmatic solution to tackle these four issues based on a service-oriented methodology, the reuse of existing middleware services, and the joint exploitation of local and distributed computing resources. Emphasis is put on the integrated environment ease of use. Results on an actual neuroscience application show the impact of the environment setup in terms of reliability and performance. Recommendations and best practices are derived from this experiment.
The Role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Development and Severity of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis (2010)

Mucositis, also referred to as mucosal barrier injury, is one of the most debilitating side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment. Clinically, mucositis is associated with pain, bacteremia, and malnutrition. Furthermore, mucositis is a frequent reason to postpone chemotherapy treatment, ultimately leading towards a higher mortality in cancer patients. According to the model introduced by Sonis, both inflammation and apoptosis of the mucosal barrier result in its discontinuity, thereby promoting bacterial translocation. According to this five-phase model, the intestinal microbiota plays no role in the pathophysiology of mucositis. However, research has implicated a prominent role for the commensal intestinal microbiota in the development of several inflammatory diseases like inflammatory bowel disease, pouchitis, and radiotherapy-induced diarrhea. Furthermore, chemotherapeutics have a detrimental effect on the intestinal microbial composition (strongly decreasing the numbers of anaerobic bacteria), coinciding in time with the development of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. We hypothesize that the commensal intestinal microbiota might play a pivotal role in chemotherapy-induced mucositis. In this review, we propose and discuss five pathways in the development of mucositis that are potentially influenced by the commensal intestinal microbiota: 1) the inflammatory process and oxidative stress, 2) intestinal permeability, 3) the composition of the mucus layer, 4) the resistance to harmful stimuli and epithelial repair mechanisms, and 5) the activation and release of immune effector molecules. Via these pathways, the commensal intestinal microbiota might influence all phases in the Sonis model of the pathogenesis of mucositis. Further research is needed to show the clinical relevance of restoring dysbiosis, thereby possibly decreasing the degree of intestinal mucositis.
New methods for preparing mercury-based ferrofluids (1991)

Metallic ferrofluids based on magnetic particles in mercury have been produced by two new methods. Alloy particles of Fe-B, Fe-Co-B, Fe-Ni-B, and Co-B were prepared by reduction of the transition metal ions in aqueous solutions by NaBH4 and subsequently suspended in mercury. In one preparation, the metallic mercury was added to the solution with precipitates and in another method produced simultaneously with the precipitates by reduction of mercury ions to metallic mercury. The samples were characterized by magnetization and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements.