gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modification of membrane function, protein synthesis, and heat killing effect in cultured Chinese hamster cells by glycerol and D2O1. (1984)

Glycerol and D2O can provide a protective effect to Chinese hamster V79 cells receiving heat treatment. The mechanism for this effect is assumed to be the ability of these agents to stabilize proteins which implies that one of the possible heat-killing mechanisms is the inactivation of a heat-sensitive molecule (protein?). In addition, we observed that heat can alter the membrane permeability rapidly, and glycerol can reduce the initial heat-induced membrane permeability changes (determined by aminoisobutyric acid uptake). Although not as effective as cycloheximide, glycerol and D2O can retard protein synthesis. These two processes can add to the protective effect of stabilizing cellular protein against heat killing. Since glycerol and D2O added during the heat-conditioning period can interfere with the appearance of thermotolerance, the mechanisms for the protective effect of glycerol and D2O are likely to be different from heat-induced thermotolerance. We propose that the heat-sensitive molecule protected by D2O or glycerol may also play a role in the triggering process of the thermotolerance phenomenon. If the conditioning heat treatment is sufficient to affect this molecule but not other cellular targets, thus allowing the cell to survive, thermotolerance may be observed in surviving cells in response to second or continued heat treatment. Depending on the severity of the heat effect, this heat-sensitive molecule may continue to exist after a conditioning heat treatment in medium containing glycerol or D2O, and therefore, the response of the cells to the challenging heat is altered little. This proposed mechanism is capable of explaining several thermotolerance experimental protocols. Since glycerol can also reduce the toxicity of vincristine, microtubule-related protein is probably one of the proteins stabilized by this agent. D2O also probably affects microtubule protein, because the cells heated in medium containing D2O show little topological changes.
A Multi-dimensional Linear Growth Birth and Death Process (1968)

In [5] Karlin and McGregor analyzed a class of linear growth birth and death processes admitting a representation formula of the transition probability function in terms of classical orthogonal polynomials. Birth and death processes belong to the category of reversible stochastic processes (see [12] and [13]). In this case by invoking the spectral resolution of the identity for Hermitian operators one achieves the representation formula of Karlin and McGregor described in [3] and [4]. This theory is mostly restricted to the case of one-dimensional birth and death processes and diffusion processes. Some special higher dimensional birth and death processes motivated by certain applications in studies of population growth are reversible. For these processes there are representation formulae for the transition probability function that can be explicitly determined. In [9] and [10] Karlin and McGregor develop a discretized version of the classical technique of solving Laplace's equation in terms of spherical harmonics. This paper applies their method to determine the representation formula for the transition probability function of two two-dimensional (Sections 2 and 3) and the corresponding higher dimensional (Sections 4 and 5) linear growth birth and death processes. In each case the representation formula is expressed explicitly in terms of semi-direct products of classical orthogonal polynomials somewhat reminiscent of such products of spherical harmonics. In the Appendix the properties of the orthogonal polynomials are summarized and the method of derivation of the explicit form of the representation formula is outlined.
Structure‐permeability relationships in silicone polymers (1987)

Abstract Permeability coefficients P for He, O 2 , N 2 , CO 2 CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , and C 3 H 8 in 12 different silicone polymer membranes were determined at 35.0°C and pressures up to 9 atm. Values of P for CO 2 , CH 4 , and C 3 H 8 were also determined at 10.0 and 55.0°C. In addition, mean diffusion coefficients D and solubility coefficients S were obtained for CO 2 , CH 4 , and C 3 H 8 in 6 silicone polymers at 10.0, 35.0, and 55.0°C. Substitution of increasingly bulkier functional groups in the side and backbone chains of silicone polymers results in a significant decrease in P for a given penetrant gas. This is due mainly to a decrease in D , whereas S decreases to a much lesser extent. Backbone substitutions appear to have a somewhat lesser effect in depressing P than equivalent side‐chain substitutions. The selectivity of a silicone membrane for a gas A relative to a gas B, i.e., the permeability ratio P (A)/ P (B), may increase or decrease as a result of such substitutions, but only if the substituted groups are sufficiently bulky. The selectivity of the more highly permeable silicone membranes is controlled by the ratio S (A)/ S (B), whereas the selectivity of the less permeable membranes depends on both the ratios D (A)/ D (B) and S (A)/ S (B). The permeability as well as the selectivity of one silicone membrane toward CO 2 were significantly enhanced by the substitution of a fluorine‐containing side group that increased the solubility of CO 2 in that polymer.
Statistical natural language understanding using hidden clumpings (2002)

We present a new approach to natural language understanding (NLU) based on the source-channel paradigm, and apply it to ARPA's Air Travel Information Service (ATIS) domain. The model uses techniques similar to those used by IBM in statistical machine translation. The parameters are trained using the exact match algorithm; a hierarchy of models is used to facilitate the bootstrapping of more complex models from simpler models.
All-Optical Signal Processing and Routing with Spectral Control by a High- Resolution Arrayed-Waveguide Grating (2008)

We proposed and designed novel arrayed-waveguide gratings (AWGs) for time-to-space (T-S) conversion-based high-speed optical signal processing. Recently, the frequency selectivity of AWGs has been considerably improved, offering the possibility of powerful tool for the manipulation of optical spectra. An arrayed-waveguide grating was fabricated, integrated with a 90 degree deflecting mirror. Moreover, we developed the AWG with integrated parabolic mirrors in the slab waveguides, suitable for integration into a spatial light modulator. We also developed an arrowhead-shaped AWG with v-bend structures in a waveguide array, effectively reducing the size of an AWG and facilitating the fabrication of a high-resolution AWG. All-optical signal processing, including photonic encoding/decoding for optical code division multiplexing and photonic routing, is described below and theoretically explained. Furthermore, a fully integrated dispersion compensator was developed using an AWG.
Mixed Jacobi‐like forms of several variables (2006)

We study mixed Jacobi‐like forms of several variables associated to equivariant maps of the Poincaré upper half‐plane in connection with usual Jacobi‐like forms, Hilbert modular forms, and mixed automorphic forms. We also construct a lifting of a mixed automorphic form to such a mixed Jacobi‐like form.
Enzymic properties of proteolytic derivatives of human .alpha.-thrombin (1988)

The use of derivatives of alpha-thrombin obtained by limited proteolysis, that have only a single peptide bond cleaved, allowed the unequivocal correlation between the change in covalent structure and alteration of the enzymatic properties. beta T-Thrombin contains a single cleavage in the surface loop corresponding to residues 65-83 of alpha-chymotrypsin [Birktoft, J. J., & Blow, D. M. (1972) J. Mol. Biol. 68, 187-240]. Compared with alpha-thrombin, this modification had a minor effect on the following: (1) The Michaelis constant (Km) for two tripeptidyl p-nitroanilide substrates increased 2-3 fold, whereas the catalytic constant (k cat) remained unaltered. (2) A 2-3 fold increase in the binding constant (KI) of a tripeptidyl chloromethane inhibitor was observed, but the inactivation rate constant (k i) was the same, which indicated that the nucleophilicity of the active-site histidyl residue had not changed. (3) The second-order rate constant for the inhibition by antithrombin III decreased 2-fold. Heparin accelerated the inactivation, and the degree of acceleration was similar to that obtained with alpha-thrombin. Pronounced effects of the cleavage of this loop were found. (1) The cleavage of fibrinogen was approximately 80-fold slower than that with alpha-thrombin. This was mainly due to a 40-fold decrease in k cat. In contrast, only a 1.9-fold increase in the Michaelis constant was observed. (2) The affinity for thrombomodulin had decreased 39-fold compared to alpha-thrombin. epsilon-Thrombin contains a single cleaved peptide bond in the loop corresponding to residues 146-150 in alpha-chymotrypsin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A real-time coarse-to-fine multiview capture system for all-in-focus rendering on a light-field display (2011)

We present an end-to-end system capable of real-time capturing and displaying with full horizontal parallax high-quality 3D video contents on a cluster-driven multiprojector light-field display. The capture component is an array of low-cost USB cameras connected to a single PC. RawM-JPEG data coming fromthe software-synchronized cameras are multicast over Gigabit Ethernet to the back-end nodes of the rendering cluster, where they are decompressed and rendered. For all-in-focus rendering, view-dependent depth is estimated on the GPU using a customized multiview space-sweeping approach based on fast Census-based area matching implemented in CUDA. Realtime performance is demonstrated on a system with 18 VGA cameras and 72 SVGA rendering projectors.
The development of a fault diagnosis expert system for air-cooled turbogenerator (2002)

This paper analyzes the characteristics of the common faults of air-cooled turbogenerators and works out a fault tree. Then a newly-developed fault diagnosis expert system was presented. According to the symptoms stored in database and expertise stored in knowledge base, the system searches all the fault tree to calculate the probability of every fault, gives out the reasoning process and recommends what kinds of measurements should be taken in that situation. And the system has also functions of trend analysis and prediction.
A metal ion-binding site in the kringle region of bovine prothrombin fragment 1. (1992)

45Ca(II) binding studies (equilibrium dialysis) on the kringle domain of bovine prothrombin fragment 1 were conducted using a mixture of peptides (residues 43-156 and 46-156) resulting from limited alpha-chymotryptic hydrolysis of fragment 1. Analysis of the Scatchard plot of these data indicates a single, low affinity Ca(II)-binding site to be present. Similar results were obtained from studies on the decarboxylated fragment 1 derivative, 10-gamma-MGlu-fragment 1. Acetylation of bovine fragment 1 in the absence of Ca(II) or Mg(II) ions results in the loss of the metal ion-promoted quenching of the intrinsic Trp fluorescence of the protein and the Ca(II)-mediated binding to phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylcholine (PS/PC) vesicles. The acetylation of the NH2 alpha-group of Ala-1 has been shown (Welsch, D. J., and Nelsestuen, G. L. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 4946-4952) to abolish the PS/PC binding property of fragment 1. The present study demonstrates that acetylation of a second site possibly Ser-79 or Thr-81 using the conditions described in the preceding paper results in loss of both the fluorescence transition and the Ca(II)-mediated PS/PC binding of the resulting protein derivative. Removal of the O-acetyl group at the Ser-79/Thr-81 site is accomplished by aminolysis with 0.2 M hydroxylamine, pH 10, 50 degrees C; the fluorescence transition is partially restored. PS/PC binding is partially restored if the NH2 alpha-group of Ala-1 is trinitrophenylated but is not restored if the NH2 alpha-group of Ala-1 is acetylated. We conclude that the Ser-79/Thr-81 site may represent a portion of the metal ion-binding site within the kringle domain of fragment 1. Occupancy of this site by a Ca(II) ion appears to be important in the binding of the protein to PS/PC vesicles.
Localized LQR Optimal Control (2014)

This paper introduces a receding horizon like control scheme for localizable distributed systems, in which the effect of each local disturbance is limited spatially and temporally. We characterize such systems by a set of linear equality constraints, and show that the resulting feasibility test can be solved in a localized and distributed way. We also show that the solution of the local feasibility tests can be used to synthesize a receding horizon like controller that achieves the desired closed loop response in a localized manner as well. Finally, we formulate the Localized LQR (LLQR) optimal control problem and derive an analytic solution for the optimal controller. Through a numerical example, we show that the LLQR optimal controller, with its constraints on locality, settling time, and communication delay, can achieve similar performance as an unconstrained H2 optimal controller, but can be designed and implemented in a localized and distributed way.
Structure and Dynamics of Metallomacrocycles:  Recognition of Zinc Xylyl-Bicyclam by an HIV Coreceptor (2002)

As platforms for the design of metal-based therapeutic and diagnostic agents, macrocycles are rigid enough to provide strong metal binding sites and orient functional groups stereoselectively, yet flexible enough to accommodate structural changes required for induced-fit recognition of biological targets. We consider the recognition of the Zn(II) complex of the bis-tetraazamacrocycle xylyl-bicyclam, a potent anti-HIV agent, by the coreceptor CXCR4, a G-protein-coupled receptor used by HIV for membrane fusion and cell entry. NMR studies show that the macrocycles of Zn(II)(2)-xylyl-bicyclam perchlorate exist in aqueous solution as two major configurations, trans-I (nitrogen chirality R,S,R,S), and trans-III (S,S,R,R). Acetate addition induced a major structural change. X-ray crystallography shows that the acetate complex contains the unusual cis-V cyclam configuration (R,R,R,R and folded) with bidentate coordination of acetate to Zn(II) plus second-coordination-sphere double H-bond formation between diagonal NH protons on the opposite cyclam face and acetate carboxylate oxygens. Detailed 1D and 2D NMR studies show that the major configuration of Zn(II)(2)-xylyl-bicyclam acetate in aqueous solution is cis-V/trans-I. Molecular modeling shows that an analogous cis-V site can be formed when Zn(II)(2)-xylyl-bicyclam binds to CXCR4, involving the carboxylate groups of Asp262 (Zn(II) coordination) and Glu288 (double H-bonding). The second cyclam can adopt the trans-I (or trans-III) configuration with Zn(II) binding to Asp171. These interactions are consistent with the known structure-activity relationships for bicyclam anti-HIV activity and receptor mutation. Consideration of the anti-HIV activity of xylyl-bicyclam complexes of other metal ions suggests that affinity for carboxylates, configurational flexibility, and kinetic factors may all play roles in receptor recognition. For example, Pd(II) cyclam complexes interact only weakly with axial ligands and are inflexible and inactive, whereas Co(III) cyclams bind carboxylates strongly, are configurationally flexible, and yet have low activity. Our findings should aid the design of new generations of active macrocycles including highly specific chemokine receptor antagonists.
Mixed oxide coatings for optics (2010)

Material mixtures offer new possibilities for synthesizing coating materials with tailored optical and mechanical properties. We present experimental results on mixtures of HfO2, ZrO2, and Al2O3, pursuing applications in UV coating technology, while the mixtures are prepared by magnetron sputtering, ion beam sputtering, plasma ion-assisted deposition (PIAD), and electron beam evaporation without assistance. The properties investigated include the refractive index, optical gap, thermal shift, and mechanical stress. The first high reflectors for UV applications have been deposited by PIAD.
Characterization of a Completely User-Independent Algorithm for Carotid Artery Segmentation in 2-D Ultrasound Images (2007)

The analysis of the carotid artery wall is crucial for the diagnosis of serious cardiovascular pathologies or for the assessment of a subject's cardiovascular risk. Several algorithms have been proposed for the segmentation of ultrasound carotid artery images, but almost all require a certain degree of user interaction. We recently developed a completely user-independent algorithm for the segmentation of the common-carotid-artery wall; specifically, the algorithm traces the contour of the interfaces between the lumen and the intima layer and between the media and adventitia layers. In this paper, we show the characterization of the algorithm in terms of segmentation error. Moreover, we compare the output of the algorithm with the segmentations manually traced by four experts, using the percent statistics test and testing the automatically generated segmentation against the average human segmentations. We show that our algorithm's segmentation is not statistically different from that of a trained operator and that the segmentation error is lower than 1 pixel for both the lumen-intima interface and for the media-adventitia interface.
A Unique Redox-sensing Sensor II Motif in TorsinA Plays a Critical Role in Nucleotide and Partner Binding (2010)

Early onset dystonia is commonly associated with the deletion of one of a pair of glutamate residues (ΔE302/303) near the C terminus of torsinA, a member of the AAA+ protein family (ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities) located in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. The functional consequences of the disease-causing mutation, ΔE, are not currently understood. By contrast to other AAA+ proteins, torsin proteins contain two conserved cysteine residues in the C-terminal domain, one of which is located in the nucleotide sensor II motif. Depending on redox status, an ATP hydrolysis mutant of torsinA interacts with lamina-associated polypeptide 1 (LAP1) and lumenal domain like LAP1 (LULL1). Substitution of the cysteine in sensor II diminishes the redox-regulated interaction of torsinA with these substrates. Significantly, the dystonia-causing mutation, ΔE, alters the ability of torsinA to mediate the redox-regulated interactions with LAP1 and LULL1. Limited proteolysis experiments reveal redox- and mutation-dependent changes in the local conformation of torsinA as a function of nucleotide binding. These results indicate that the cysteine-containing sensor II plays a critical role in redox sensing and the nucleotide and partner binding functions of torsinA and suggest that loss of this function of torsinA contributes to the development of DYT1 dystonia.
Frequent amplification of chromosomal region 20q12-q13 in ovarian cancer. (2000)

DNA amplification at chromosomal region 20q12-q13, which is common in breast cancer, has recently been described also in ovarian tumors. We studied the amplification of the recently identified candidate oncogenes in this region in 24 sporadic, 3 familial and 4 hereditary ovarian carcinomas, and in 8 ovarian cancer cell lines. High-level amplification of at least one of the five nonsyntenic regions at 20q12-q13.2 was found in 13 sporadic (54%) and in all four hereditary tumors. Typically, two or more distinct amplicons (separated by nonamplified DNA) were found coamplified in various combinations. The regions defined by the AIB1 and PTPN1 genes (at 20q12 and 20q13.1, respectively) were amplified in 25% and 29% of the sporadic tumors, also without simultaneous coamplification of other regions. Amplification of AIB1 (a steroid receptor coactivator gene) was associated with estrogen receptor positivity in sporadic ovarian carcinomas (P = 0.01) and showed a tendency to correlate with poor survival of patients. Of the genes amplified in breast cancer, the BTAK gene was amplified in 21%, the MYBL2 gene in 17%, and the ZNF217 gene in 12.5% of the sporadic tumors. The high frequency of gene amplification at 20q12-q13.2 suggests that the genes amplified therein may play a central role in the pathogenesis of sporadic and hereditary ovarian carcinoma.
High Reliability of Ultrathin Improved SiN on Poly-Si (1989)

Ultrathin, improved SiN film, which was formed by removing the top oxide from SiO 2 /SiN stacked dielectric film on poly-Si, was investigated in terms of electrical properties. As a result, the ultrathin, improved SiN (top-oxide-removed SiN; T.O.R.SiN) revealed 3.8 nm SiO 2 equivalent thickness and was superior to SiO 2 /SiN in TDDB (time dependent dielectric breakdown). This T.O.R.SiN shows promise as a dielectric film for memory capacitors in DRAMs of more than 16M bits.
Electrochemistry and redox chemistry of aquaferrotungstosilicate, H2OFeIIISiW11O395- in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemistry and redox chemistry of aquaferrotungstosilicate, H2OFeIIISiW11O395- in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxylJames E. Toth, Jon D. Melton, Diane Cabelli, Benon H. J. Bielski, and Fred C. AnsonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 10, 1952–1957Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00335a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00335a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views226Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Study on a Water-Soluble Catalyst for Slurry-Phase Hydrocracking of an Atmospheric Residue (2009)

The slurry-phase hydrocracking of Karamay atmospheric residue (AR) with water-soluble dispersed catalyst was studied, and the catalyst after being separated from the reaction products was analyzed using laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to identify the crystal structure of the catalyst. In this paper, the catalytic functions of molybdenum, nickel, and iron were studied respectively during the slurry-phase hydrocracking while using diphenylmethane as the model compound and AR from Karamay crude as the feedstock. The test results showed that, during the slurry-phase hydrocracking of heavy oil, the metal sulfides entered into chemical reactions with the free-radical intermediate H• formed on the catalyst surface. The free-radical intermediate H• formed on the catalyst surface could react with the free radicals of large molecules and could suppress coke deposition.
Social Resources and Strength of Ties: Structural Factors in Occupational Status Attainment (1981)

Nan Lin, Walter M. Ensel, John C. Vaughn, Social Resources and Strength of Ties: Structural Factors in Occupational Status Attainment, American Sociological Review, Vol. 46, No. 4 (Aug., 1981), pp. 393-405