gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lysosomotropic agents. 1. Synthesis and cytotoxic action of lysosomotropic detergents (1979)

Amines whose pK values lie between about 5 and 9 are lysosomotropic because lysosomes are acidic intracellular compartments. If such amines bear long hydrophobic chains, they become detergents upon protonation inside the lysosomes, rupturing the lysosomal membrane and killing the cell. Six types of lysosomotropic amines have been prepared that all behave in the expected manner. They are cytotoxic to all lysosome-bearing cells but not red blood cells, which lack lysosomes. Their mode of action, the effect of alkyl chain length on activity, and the fact that their cytotoxic action appears only above a threshhold intracellular concentration support the belief that they behave as lysosomotropic detergents. Among the potential applications is cancer chemotherapy.
Facilitating Pervasive Community Policing on the Road with Mobile Roadwatch (2017)

We consider community policing on the road with pervasive recording technologies such as dashcams and smartphones where citizens are actively volunteering to capture and report various threats to traffic safety to the police via mobile apps. This kind of novel community policing has recently gained significant popularity in Korea and India. In this work, we identify people's general attitude and concerns toward community policing on the road through an online survey. We then address the major concerns by building a mobile app that supports easy event capture/access, context tagging, and privacy preservation. Our two-week user study (n = 23) showed Roadwatch effectively supported community policing activities on the road. Further, we found that the critical factors for reporting are personal involvement and seriousness of risks, and participants were mainly motivated by their contribution to traffic safety. Finally, we discuss several practical design implications to facilitate community policing on the road.
Trapezoidal-groove Schottky-gate vertical channel GaAs FET (GaAs static induction transistor) (1984)

This paper reports the development of a novel vertical channel GaAs FET with the unsaturated I-V characteristics of the Static Induction Transistor and voltage blocking capability up to 100 volts. The device structure utilizes the anisotropic etching properties of GaAs, in which the gate regions are formed by a double-angle metal evaporation into trapezoidal etched grooves. This single evaporation step simultaneously provides both source and gate metallization, and the novel trapezoidal groove geometry automatically yields a self-aligned gate with separation of source and gate onto different levels, eliminating the need for critical alignment arising from source-gate interdigitation.
A Control-Theoretic Approach to Rate Adaption for DASH Over Multiple Content Distribution Servers (2014)

Recently, dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) has been widely deployed on the Internet. However, the research about DASH over multiple content distribution servers (MCDS-DASH) is limited. Compared with traditional single-server DASH, MCDS-DASH is able to offer expanded bandwidth, link diversity, and reliability. It is, however, a challenging problem to smooth video bitrate switching over multiple servers due to their diverse bandwidths. In this paper, we propose a block-based rate adaptation method considering both the diverse bandwidths and feedback buffered video time. In our method, multiple fragments are grouped into a block and the fragments are downloaded in parallel from multiple servers. We propose to adapt video bitrate at the block level rather than at the fragment level. By dynamically adjusting the block length and scheduling fragment requests to multiple servers, the requested video bitrates from the multiple servers are synchronized, making the fragments download in an orderly way. Then, we propose a control-theoretic approach to select an appropriate bitrate for each block. By modeling and linearizing the rate adaption system, we propose a novel proportional-derivative controller to adapt video bitrate with high responsiveness and stability. Theoretical analysis and extensive experiments on our network testbed and the Internet demonstrate the good efficiency of the proposed method.
Exploring Software Product Management decision problems with constraint solving - opportunities for prioritization and release planning (2011)

Decision-making is central to Software Product Management (SPM) and includes deciding on requirements priorities and the content of coming releases. Several algorithms for prioritization and release planning have been proposed, where humans with or without machine support enact a series of steps to produce a decision outcome. Instead of applying some specific algorithm to find an acceptable solution to a decision problem, we propose to model SPM decision-making as a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP), where relative and absolute priorities, interdependencies, and other constraints are expressed as relations among variables representing entities such as feature priorities, stakeholder preferences, and resource constraints. The solution space is then explored with the help of a constraint solver without humans needing to care about specific algorithms. This paper discusses advantages and limitations of CSP modeling in SPM and gives principal examples as a proof-of-concept of CSP modeling in requirements prioritization and release planning. A discussion of further research on constraint solving in SPM is also given.
Single‐photon sources with quantum dots in III–V nanowires (2018)

Abstract Single‐photon sources are one of the key components in quantum photonics applications. These sources ideally emit a single photon at a time, are highly efficient, and could be integrated in photonic circuits for complex quantum system designs. Various platforms to realize such sources have been actively studied, among which semiconductor quantum dots have been found to be particularly attractive. Furthermore, quantum dots embedded in bottom‐up‐grown III–V compound semiconductor nanowires have been found to exhibit relatively high performance as well as beneficial flexibility in fabrication and integration. Here, we review fabrication and performance of these nanowire‐based quantum sources and compare them to quantum dots in top‐down‐fabricated designs. The state of the art in single‐photon sources with quantum dots in nanowires is discussed. We also present current challenges and possible future research directions.
Data Analytic Methods for Latent Partially Ordered Classification Models (2002)

Summary A general framework is presented for data analysis of latent finite partially ordered classification models. When the latent models are complex, data analytic validation of model fits and of the analysis of the statistical properties of the experiments is essential for obtaining reliable and accurate results. Empirical results are analysed from an application to cognitive modelling in educational testing. It is demonstrated that sequential analytic methods can dramatically reduce the amount of testing that is needed to make accurate classifications.
Dephosphorylation of human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptors by membrane-associated tyrosine phosphatases (1992)

The insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptor exhibits structural and functional similarities to the insulin receptor. Although the regulation of the insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase has been extensively investigated, the mechanisms involved in phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the IGF-I receptor have received only little attention. To obtain a better understanding of the mode of IGF-I action, we have investigated the effects of protein phosphotyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) on the phosphorylation status of the IGF-I receptor. The dephosphorylation of the human IGF-I receptor by membrane-associated tyrosine phosphatases was studied by an immuno-enzymic assay based on the recognition of phosphotyrosine residues by anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies. Using intact IGF-I receptors as substrates, we show that they could be completely dephosphorylated by different cellular PTPases. Three pieces of evidence indicate that receptor dephosphorylation takes place on phosphotyrosine, i.e. the inhibition profile of phosphatase activity by zinc and vanadate, its absolute requirement for thiol compounds and the diminution of [32P]phosphotyrosine labelling of the beta subunit assessed by SDS/PAGE and phosphoamino acid analysis. Tyrosine kinase activity and autophosphorylation of the IGF-I receptor were decreased in a dose-dependent manner by PTPases, indicating that partial dephosphorylation of the receptor was associated with a decrease in its intrinsic activity. The sensitivity of the activated human IGF-I receptor to dephosphorylation on tyrosine leads to the speculation that IGF-I receptor activity might be regulated by mechanisms such as those described for the insulin receptor. Further investigation of the pathways of IGF-I receptor dephosphorylation will contribute to define the role(s) of PTPases in the overall mechanism of IGF-I signalling.
RRD-SLAM: Radial-distorted rolling-shutter direct SLAM (2017)

In this paper, we present a monocular direct semi-dense SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) method that can handle both radial distortion and rolling-shutter distortion. Such distortions are common in, but not restricted to, situations when an inexpensive wide-angle lens and a CMOS sensor are used, and leads to significant inaccuracy in the map and trajectory estimates if not modeled correctly. The apparent naive solution of simply undistorting the images using pre-calibrated parameters does not apply to this case since rows in the undistorted image are no longer captured at the same time. To address this we develop an algorithm that incorporates radial distortion into an existing state-of-the-art direct semi-dense SLAM system that takes rolling-shutters into account. We propose a method for finding the generalized epipolar curve for each rolling-shutter radially distorted image. Our experiments demonstrate the efficacy of our approach and compare it favorably with the state-of-the-art in direct semi-dense rolling-shutter SLAM.
A high-energy, laser accelerator for electrons using the inverse Cherenkov effect (1983)

A laser method for accelerating electrons is described, based on the inverse Cherenkov effect in a gas. The laser fields are in the form of a cylindrical cone of plane waves on whose axis travel the electrons, with the cone angle and the gas refraction index such that each electron sees constant fields in time. Expressions are obtained relating the overall energy transfer to total laser power and wavelength, and to gas index and interaction length. With laser powers now available, energy increments of tens of GeV are possible. For comparative purposes, a related alternative scheme involving electrons in vacuum and evanescent laser fields is also analyzed. It is found that the method applies particularly well to adding energy to the electron bunches produced by large microwave accelerators, as collision effects are less troublesome at high injection energies.
Differential desensitization of lipopolysaccharide-inducible chemokine gene expression in human monocytes and macrophages (2000)

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to induce a wide variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. An initial challenge with minute amounts of LPS causes tolerance to later LPS effects which is characterized by a much lower or abrogated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. To explore the relationship between the production of chemokines and the induction of LPS tolerance, we pretreated human monocytes with increasing LPS doses and thereafter restimulated with LPS. The re-expression of the CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES was substantially suppressed after pre-incubation with low LPS doses. In striking contrast, the re-expression of neutrophil-attracting IL-8 and melanoma growth stimulatory activity-alpha and of the monocyte-attracting monocyte chemotactic protein-1 remained high and was, in part, initially increased after restimulation with LPS. The corresponding gene expression pattern as determined by Northern blot analyses correlated closely with the release of chemokines and cytokines. Thus, a basic set of chemotactic mediators that are still produced by otherwise LPS-desensitized monocytes/macrophages may ensure the continuing recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils into an inflammatory process caused by gram-negative bacteria.
Mechanical properties of the binary titanium‐zirconium alloys and their potential for biomedical materials (1995)

Mechanical properties of titanium-zirconium binary alloys were investigated in order to reveal their possible use for new biomedical materials and to collect useful data for alloy design through a hardness test, a tensile test, and optical microscopy. The hardness of the alloy containing 50% zirconium was approximately 2.5 times as large as the hardness of pure titanium and pure zirconium. Tensile tests showed a similar tendency. No changes between hardness of as cast specimens and as homogenized specimens were observed, nor were changes in microstructures noted. Comparisons between the Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the Ti-Zr-6Al-4V alloy indicated that a titanium-zirconium alloy could provide a base material for a new biomedical alloy. From these results, it was concluded that new alloys for biomedical materials should be designed as titanium-zirconium base alloys.
An approximation algorithm for max-min fair allocation of indivisible goods (2007)

In this paper we give the first approximation algorithm for the problem of max-min fair allocation of indivisible goods. The approximation ratio of our algorithm is Ω1√k log3 k. As a part of our algorithm, we design an iterative method for rounding a fractional matching on a tree which might be of independent interest.
Status of a specialized boundary layer transition detection system for use in the U.S. National Transonic Facility (1987)

An improved deposition technique for cryogenic hot films used for transition detection in cryogenic tunnels is reported. Tests of the hot films in a low-speed tunnel demonstrated the ability to obtain online transition data. The capability of an enhanced hot film data acquisition system was also demonstrated. A comparison of data from the new system with stability theory shows the detection of Tollmein-Schlicting waves at transition onset.
DeepUNet: A Deep Fully Convolutional Network for Pixel-level Sea-Land Segmentation (2017)

Semantic segmentation is a fundamental research in remote sensing image processing. Because of the complex maritime environment, the sea-land segmentation is a challenging task. Although the neural network has achieved excellent performance in semantic segmentation in the last years, there are a few of works using CNN for sea-land segmentation and the results could be further improved. This paper proposes a novel deep convolution neural network named DeepUNet. Like the U-Net, its structure has a contracting path and an expansive path to get high resolution output. But differently, the DeepUNet uses DownBlocks instead of convolution layers in the contracting path and uses UpBlock in the expansive path. The two novel blocks bring two new connections that are U-connection and Plus connection. They are promoted to get more precise segmentation results. To verify our network architecture, we made a new challenging sea-land dataset and compare the DeepUNet on it with the SegNet and the U-Net. Experimental results show that DeepUNet achieved good performance compared with other architectures, especially in high-resolution remote sensing imagery.
Bezier Curves : Simple Smoothers of Noisy Data (1993)

In many instances only the approximation curve to experimental or field data is of interest . Application of Bernstein-Bezier polynomials for smoothing of noisy data is shown . Bezier curves provide a simple yet efficient way to approximate (or smooth) arbitrarily spaced vector valued functions without explicit model specification . To evaluate the efficiency of Bezier curves some simulated cases are presented .
GaInAsP/InP 1.35 μm double heterostructure laser grown on silicon substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1993)

A 1.35 μm GaInAsP/InP double heterostructure laser has been grown on a Si substrate using low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. This was done without the use of a superlattice layer or a very thick InP buffer layer, which are used to prevent the dislocations from spreading into the active layer. Pulsed operation with output power of over 200 mW per facet was achieved at room temperature for broad area lasers with 20 μm width and 170 μm cavity length. The threshold current density of a 350 μm cavity length device was 9.8 kA/cm2. The characteristic temperature was 66 K.
Cloud Detection for MERIS Multispectral Images (2005)

Two of the key features of the MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) instrument on board the ESA Envisat environmental satellite are its temporal resolution of three days and its spatial coverage. The amount of images acquired over the globe every day makes inevitable that many of these images present cloud covers. From an operational point of view, an automatic and accurate method for cloud detection in MERIS scenes is a key issue since, with no accurate cloud masking, undetected clouds are the most significant source of error for true ground reflectance, affecting a wide range of remote sensing applications. By masking only the image areas affected by cloud covers, the whole image is not necessarily discarded. The main objective of this work is to develop and validate a method for cloud detection using self-contained information provided by MERIS Full Resolutiuon Level 1b products and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The method must be capable of: detecting clouds accurately providing probability and cloud abundance rather than flags; and better describing detected clouds (cloud abundance, type, height, subpixel coverage) in order to include this information in radiation models.
Trends in the fertility of dairy cows in the United Kingdom (1999)

The gain in genetic merit for milk production in the US (Foote, 1996) has been accompanied by a decline in conception to first service of approximately 0.45% per year (between 1975-1997, Butler and Smith, 1989; Beam and Butler, 1998). A similar trend is anticipated in the UK. Lamming and Darwash (1998) reported that defective ovarian function prior to insemination contributes to lower reproductive efficiency. In particular, persistent luteal activity was associated with reduced fertility and a higher incidence of late embryo mortality (embryonic death after day 16 post-insemination). The objectives of this study are firstly, to determine the current incidence of atypical ovarian hormone patterns and secondly, to make specific comparisons between the present results and those of our previous study.
Streamed Video Clips to Reduce Anxiety in Children During Inhaled Induction of Anesthesia (2012)

Playing video clips during the inhaled induction of children undergoing ambulatory surgery is an effective method of reducing anxiety. Therefore, pediatric anesthesiologists may consider using video distraction as a useful, valid, alternative strategy for achieving a smooth transition to the anesthetized state.
Environmental degradation of the insect growth regulator methoprene (isopropyl (2E,4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate). III. Photodecomposition (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnvironmental degradation of the insect growth regulator methoprene (isopropyl (2E,4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate). III. PhotodecompositionGary B. Quistad, Luana E. Staiger, and David A. SchooleyCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 2, 299–303Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60198a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60198a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
2,4-Di-O-methyl and 3-O-Methyl Ethers of 1,6-Anhydro-β-L-idopyranose<sup>1</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2,4-Di-O-methyl and 3-O-Methyl Ethers of 1,6-Anhydro-β-L-idopyranose1Neil Baggett and Roger W. JeanlozCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 7, 1845–1847Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01042a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01042a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts