gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancing echo cancellation via estimation of delay (2005)

The advent of packetized audio transmission, such as voice over IP (VoIP), has resulted in challenging requirements for echo cancellation technology. One key aspect of this technology is the need to characterize, quickly and accurately, the echo paths in the transmission media. Echo paths consist of a constant time delay with no echo signal and active regions in which the echo signal is present. When an adaptive filter echo cancellation algorithm is used, its performance can be greatly increased, and its complexity can be reduced if it is only applied to the active regions. This requires an algorithm to estimate the constant delay and locate the active regions. Traditionally, delay estimation has been based on direct application of cross-correlation. This method has poor performance because the input signals are highly correlated and has a high implementation cost because many cross-correlation lags have to be computed for longer time delays. The delay estimation addressed in this paper has two major advantages over the traditional methods. The first is that it has improved performance because the input signals are processed to have less correlation. The second is that the implementation cost is significantly reduced because fewer cross-correlation lags are computed, and an efficient method to estimate lags is created.
Alkylation of a Histidine Residue at the Active Site of Bovine Pancreatic Deoxyribonuclease (1969)

Abstract In the study of reactions designed to identify the amino acid residues most directly involved in the catalytic function of pancreatic deoxyribonuclease, the enzyme was first treated with iodoacetate under conditions similar to those which are effective in alkylating essential histidine residues in pancreatic ribonuclease; no inactivation of DNase occurred although some reagent was incorporated. DNase is an enzyme which requires divalent cations to be present with the substrate; when the iodoacetate reaction was tried in the presence of 0.1 m Mn++, DNase was inactivated at pH 7.2 in Tris-chloride buffer and the loss of activity paralleled the formation of 1 residue of 3-carboxymethylhistidine per molecule. The variation of the rate of inactivation with Mn++ concentration indicated that alkylation by iodoacetate is facilitated by the binding of 1 Mn++ per molecule of enzyme. Substitution of Mn++ by 0.1 mm Cu++ greatly increases the rate of alkylation; the half-life of the DNase activity is 5 min at 25° and the only substituted amino acid formed is 3-carboxymethylhistidine. A 29-residue peptide containing the modified histidine residue has been isolated in 90% yield after tryptic hydrolysis of the carboxymethylated DNase. The phenomena of substrate hydrolysis and carboxymethylation at the active site are thus both metal-dependent. The presence of Mn++ or Cu++ probably facilitates the alkylation by increasing the affinity of the active site for the carboxyl group of iodoacetate. A neutral alkylating agent, iodoacetamide, is without effect. The present results increase the number of enzymes of pancreatic origin but differing specificities which are known to have histidine at the active site.
Compressibility and Generalization in Large-Scale Deep Learning. (2018)

Modern neural networks are highly overparameterized, with capacity to
substantially overfit to training data. Nevertheless, these networks often
generalize well in practice. It has also been observed that trained networks
can often be to much smaller representations. The purpose of this
paper is to connect these two empirical observations. Our main technical result
is a generalization bound for compressed networks based on the compressed size.
Combined with off-the-shelf compression algorithms, the bound leads to state of
the art generalization guarantees; in particular, we provide the first
non-vacuous generalization guarantees for realistic architectures applied to
the ImageNet classification problem. As additional evidence connecting
compression and generalization, we show that compressibility of models that
tend to overfit is limited: We establish an absolute limit on expected
compressibility as a function of expected generalization error, where the
expectations are over the random choice of training examples. The bounds are
complemented by empirical results that show an increase in overfitting implies
an increase in the number of bits required to describe a trained network.
The Role of Cation-Dependent Chloride Transporters in Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Cord Injury (2008)

Taken together, expression of NKCC1 and KCC2 proteins was differentially altered following SCI. The anti-hyperalgesic effect of NKCC1 inhibition suggests that normal or elevated NKCC1 function and loss of KCC2 function play a role in the development and maintenance of SCI-induced neuropathic pain.
Predicate-based test generation for computer programs (2002)

The author first describes a number of existing testing strategies for simple predicates and then explains why intuitive extensions of such strategies are ineffective or impractical for testing compound predicates, which are predicates with one or more AND/OR operators. Two fault-based testing strategies for compound predicates are defined, BOR (Boolean operator) testing and BRO (Boolean and relational operator) testing. It is shown that for a predicate with n, n>0, AND/OR operators, at most n+2 (2*n+3) tests are needed to satisfy BOR (BRO) testing. Preliminary experimental results indicate that BOR and BRO testing are effective for the detection of various types of faults in a predicate and provide more specific guidance than branch testing for test generation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Consistent object replication in the Eternal system (1998)

The Eternal system replicates CORBA objects to provide fault tolerance, high availability, and evolution of live objects. By exploiting the IIOP interface, Eternal renders the replication transparent to the application objects, and also to the ORB and thus works with standard commercial CORBA ORBs. To maintain replica consistency, Eternal uses operations communicated in totally ordered multicast messages, detection of duplicate invocations and duplicate responses, transfer of state between the object replicas, consistent scheduling of concurrent operations, and fulfillment operations for restoring a consistent state after network partitioning and remerging. The difficult issues of replication, consistency, fault detection, and recovery are handled by Eternal and are hidden from the application programmer. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
New synthetic methods. Conjugate addition of alkyl groups to electron deficient olefins with nitroalkanes as alkyl anion equivalents (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew synthetic methods. Conjugate addition of alkyl groups to electron deficient olefins with nitroalkanes as alkyl anion equivalentsNoboru Ono, Akio Kamimura, Hideyoshi Miyake, Isami Hamamoto, and Aritsune KajiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 20, 3692–3698Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00220a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00220a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1271Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A New Device for Diagnostic Screening of Nocturnal Penile Tumescence (1983)

An erectometer for the measurement of sleep erections is described. Comparative studies using simultaneously strain gauges and the new device indicate that it possesses a significant potential for valid measurement of the circumferential increase that may occur during sleep. Because of its reliability, simplicity and low cost the erectometer is proposed as a screening procedure or as a diagnostic alternative when sleep laboratory facilities are not feasible.
Diabetes: advances in treatment (2007)

The increasing prevalence of diabetes worldwide is cause for concern both in terms of associated morbidity and increasing health costs. This review aims to focus on new and emerging treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. There has been recent focus on diabetes prevention both for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Prevention programme including lifestyle measures and oral hypoglycaemic agents have shown up to 61% reduction in the development of type 2 diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose. Little progress has been made to date on type 1 diabetes prevention although current work is focusing on T-cell immunomodulation therapy and beta cell regeneration. Management of type 2 diabetes has been improved by the recent introduction of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists and more recently by the incretins including glucagons like peptide analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. This article focuses on the benefits and restrictions of these new agents. The new insulin analogues glargine and detemir have made significant improvements in the management of type 1 diabetes both in terms of improvement in glycaemic control and in reducing hypoglycaemia rates. Inhaled insulin also shows promise for needle-free treatment of diabetes and these insulins are currently undergoing phase 3 trials. Insulin infusion pumps are becoming more sophisticated and increasingly popular in the management of type 1 diabetes. Many studies have shown benefits for improved glycaemic control and reduced rates of hypoglycaemia with pump treatment compared with multiple daily injections. Pancreas and islet cell transplantation are the subject of ongoing research, but currently require immunosuppressive treatment regimes. The main limitation is lack of availability of donor pancreases. There is much hope that new treatments outlined in this review will result in improved outcomes in the treatment of diabetes.
RELATIONSHIP OF ADMISSION TEST SCORES TO WRITING PERFORMANCE OF NATIVE AND NONNATIVE SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH (1985)

ABSTRACT Four writing samples were obtained from 638 applicants for admission to U.S. institutions as undergraduates or as graduate students in business, engineering, or social science. The applicants represented three major foreign language groups (Arabic, Chinese, and Spanish), plus a small sample of native English speakers. Two of the writing topics were of the compare and contrast type and the other two involved chart and graph interpretation. The writing samples were scored by 23 readers who are English as a second language specialists and 23 readers who are English writing experts. Each of the four writing samples was scored holistically, and during a separate rating session two of the samples from each student were assigned separate scores for sentence‐level and discourse‐level skills. Representative subsamples of the papers also were scored descriptively with the Writer's Workbench computer program and by graduate‐level subject matter professors in engineering and the social sciences. In addition to the writing sample scores, TOEFL scores were obtained for all students in the foreign sample. GRE General Test scores were obtained for students in the U.S. sample and for a subsample of students in the foreign sample. Students in the U.S. sample also took a multiple‐choice measure of writing ability. Among the key findings were the following: 1) holistic scores, discourse‐level scores, and sentence‐level scores were so closely related that the holistic score alone should be sufficient; 2) correlations among topics were as high across topic types as within topic types; 3) scores of ESL raters, English raters, and subject matter raters were all highly correlated, suggesting substantial agreement in the standards used; correlations and factor analyses indicated that scores on the writing samples and TOEFL were highly related, but that each also was reliably measuring some aspect of English language proficiency that was not assessed by the other; and (5) correlations of holistic writing sample scores with scores on item types within the sections of the GRE General Test yielded a pattern of relationships that was consistent with the relationships reported in other GRE studies.
Gas Plume Species Identification in LWIR Hyperspectral Imagery by Regression Analyses (2005)

The goal of this research was to develop an algorithm for identifying the constituent gases in stack releases. At the heart of the algorithm is a stepwise linear regression technique that only includes a basis vector in the model if it contributes significantly to the fit. This significance is calculated by an F-statistic. Issues such as atmospheric compensation, gas absorption and emission, background modeling, and fitting a linear regression to a non-linear radiance model were addressed in order to generate the matrix of basis vectors. Synthetic imagery generated by the DIRISG model were used as test cases. Results show that the ability to correctly identify a gas diminishes as a function of decreasing concentration path-length of the plume. Results drawn from pixels near the stack are more likely to give an accurate identification of the gas present in the plume.
Probabilistic clock synchronization in large distributed systems (2002)

Synchronization algorithm is proposed which uses one of two probabilistic techniques to estimate remote clock values, and uses an interactive convergence algorithm on the resulting estimates to adjust the local clock. The algorithm does not require master/slave clocks and reduces the number of messages needed. As a result it is suitable for use in large distributed systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Gain scheduling dynamic linear controllers for a nonlinear plant (1995)

For a general type of nonlinear tracking problem, we consider gain scheduling based on a family of linear dynamic controllers designed for a family of plant linearizations about constant operating points. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of gain scheduled controllers satisfying appropriate requirements is presented. Using this condition, the impact of linear controller configuration on the existence of a gain scheduled controller can be assessed, and ad hoc approaches to scheduling can be analyzed.
Paxillin Binding Is Not the Sole Determinant of Focal Adhesion Localization or Dominant-Negative Activity of Focal Adhesion Kinase/Focal Adhesion Kinase-related Nonkinase (2000)

The carboxy-terminal 150 residues of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) comprise the focal adhesion-targeting sequence, which is responsible for its subcellular localization. The mechanism of focal adhesion targeting has not been fully elucidated. We describe a mutational analysis of the focal adhesion-targeting sequence of FAK to further examine the mechanism of focal adhesion targeting and explore additional functions encoded by the carboxy-terminus of FAK. The results demonstrate that paxillin binding is dispensable for focal adhesion targeting of FAK. Cell adhesion-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation strictly correlated with the ability of mutants to target to focal adhesions. Focal adhesion targeting was also a requirement for maximal FAK-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and FAK-related nonkinase (FRNK)-dependent inhibition of endogenous FAK function. However, there were additional requirements for these latter functions because we identified mutants that target to focal adhesions, yet are defective for the induction of paxillin phosphorylation or the dominant-negative function of FRNK. Furthermore, the paxillin-binding activity of FRNK mutants did not correlate with their ability to inhibit FAK, suggesting that FRNK has other targets in addition to paxillin.
Novel dendron-stabilized gold nanoparticles with high stability and narrow size distribution (2001)

Dendron-stabilized gold nanoparticles synthesized with Fréchet-type dendrons possessing a single thiol group at the focal point have small cores (average diameters of 2.4–3.1 nm) with narrow size distribution and remarkably high stability; in particular, the nanoparticles synthesized with the second generation dendron has an almost monodisperse core (2.4 ± 0.2 nm).
Topological considerations in isosurface generation extended abstract (1990)

Article Topological considerations in isosurface generation extended abstract Share on Authors: Jane Wilhelms University of California, Santa Cruz University of California, Santa CruzView Profile , Allen Van Gelder University of California, Santa Cruz University of California, Santa CruzView Profile Authors Info & Claims VVS '90: Proceedings of the 1990 workshop on Volume visualizationNovember 1990 Pages 79–86https://doi.org/10.1145/99307.99325Online:01 November 1990Publication History 109citation600DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations109Total Downloads600Last 12 Months42Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
The broadband network interface for television (1992)

The Public Video Switched Network illustrates a possible evolution of the local telephone network. This scenario provides end-to-end connections through high-capacity switched digital channels. Fiber-ready television receivers provide subscribers with a consumer-friendly interface to the network. The fiber-ready receiver has the potential to present a wide range of audio, data, and video services via a digital serial interface. The digital interface is one of four possible network connections to the fiber-ready television receiver. This interface provides the receiver with time-multiplexed audio, data, and video signals through a single serial bitstream. A control channel is provided out of the fiber-ready television for channel selection and interactive programming. The fiber-ready television receiver, in conjunction with the Public Video Switched Network, supports a broadband topology that allows both broadcast and point-to-point networks direct access to the subscriber.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Statistical analysis of motion patterns in AIS Data: Anomaly detection and motion prediction (2008)

The paper is devoted to statistical analysis of vessel motion patterns in the ports and waterways using AIS ship self-reporting data. From the real historic AIS data we extract motion patterns which are then used to construct the corresponding motion anomaly detectors. This is carried out in the framework of adaptive kernel density estimation. The anomaly detector is then sequentially applied to the real incoming AIS data for the purpose of anomaly detection. Under the null hypothesis (no anomaly), using the historic motion pattern data, we predict the motion of vessels using the Gaussian sum tracking filter.
Modulation of Glycine-Mediated Spinal Neurotransmission for the Treatment of Chronic Pain (2017)

Chronic pain constitutes a significant and expanding worldwide health crisis. Currently available analgesics poorly serve individuals suffering from chronic pain, and new therapeutic agents that are more effective, safer, and devoid of abuse liabilities are desperately needed. Among the myriad of cellular and molecular processes contributing to chronic pain, spinal disinhibition of pain signaling to higher cortical centers plays a critical role. Accumulating evidence shows that glycinergic inhibitory neurotransmission in the spinal cord dorsal horn gates nociceptive signaling, is essential in maintaining physiological pain sensitivity, and is diminished in pathological pain states. Thus, it is hypothesized that agents capable of enhancing glycinergic tone within the dorsal horn could obtund nociceptor signaling to the brain and serve as analgesics for persistent pain. This Perspective highlights the potential that pharmacotherapies capable of increasing inhibitory spinal glycinergic neurotransmission hold in providing new and transformative analgesic therapies for the treatment of chronic pain.
Effect of Surfactants on Water Imbibition into Heterogeneous Carbonate Rocks at an Elevated Temperature (2011)

Abstract Spontaneous imbibition of water into water-wet reservoirs has a positive effect on oil displacement and recovery. For carbonate reservoirs which are generally neutral to preferential oil-wet, surfactants may be used to alter wettability towards water-wet that assists water imbibition and consequently oil recovery. Depending on the surfactants selected, oil recovery can be significantly improved for carbonate reservoirs. This paper presents the results from a laboratory study on improved spontaneous imbibition of water into oil saturated carbonate rocks using surfactants. Three kinds of surfactants and one surfactant/polymer formulation were selected and evaluated in terms of compatibility with field brines, critical micelle concentration, interfacial tension, contact angle, and viscosity. The imbibition experiments were performed at 75°C to investigate oil recovery potential and the impact of interfacial tension, wettability, and viscosity. The results show that the addition of the surfactants can significantly oil recovery in the secondary oil recovery mode, compared to the imbibition process of water alone. Similar oil recoveries were observed when surfactant was used alone or mixed with a polymer. In tertiary oil recovery mode, low interfacial tension fluid showed a greater incremental oil recovery. This paper provides insights on selection and utilization of chemicals in increasing oil recovery from carbonate reservoirs, based on imbibition experiments.