gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Control of Muscle Differentiation by a Mitochondria-Targeted Fluorophore (2009)

During muscle differentiation, mitochondria undergo dramatic changes in their morphology and distribution to prepare for the higher rate of energy consumption. By applying a mitochondria-targeted rosamine library in C2C12 myogenesis, we discovered one compound that controls muscle differentiation. When treated to undifferentiated myoblasts, our selected compound, B25, inhibited myotube formation, and when treated to fully differentiated myotubes, it induced fission of multinucleated myotubes into mononucleated fragments. Compared to myoseverin, which is known for inducing myotube fission by destabilizing microtubules, B25 affects neither microtubule stability nor cell cycle. Further investigation identified that B25 induces myotube fission through the activation of NF-kappaB, which is one of the important signaling pathways linked to skeletal muscle differentiation. So far, the use of small-molecule fluorophores is limited in the discovery of labeling agents or sensors. In addition to their potential as a sensor, here we show the application of fluorescent small molecules in the discovery of a bioactive probe that induces a specific cellular response.
Unexpressing the expressible (1988)

In his projected article on Le Rouge Stendhal prides himself on being the first to describe a wholly new phenomenon, ‘l'amour parisien’, and on thus overcoming the major difficulty in writing fiction, ‘ne pas copier des livres’ (‘Projet’, p. 716, Stendhal's italics). He states quite categorically that, ‘Cette peinture de l'amour parisien est absolument neuve. Il nous semble qu'on ne la trouve dans aucun livre’ (p. 724). But if Stendhal manages to write without other books, he does so in order to represent a subject that is almost entirely dependent on books – love in general and ‘l'amour parisien’ in particular. Furthermore, books contaminate not just the subject of the novel, but its very origins; for in composing Le Rouge Stendhal relied to a great extent on sources of the most vulgar and platitudinous kind, namely the newspaper reports of two murder trials as contained in the Gazette des Tribunaux. The first of these, known as l'affaire Berthet, appeared between 28 and 31 December 1827; and the second, l'affaire Lafargue, was reported in two versions, one in the Gazette, and the other in the Courrier des Tribunaux, between 30 March and 1 April 1829, only a few months before Stendhal began working on Le Rouge. His interest in this latter case is also revealed by the fact that he copied out large sections of the reports almost verbatim in his Promenades dans Rome, which was published in the same year.
Spatial filtering of RF interference in radio astronomy (2002)

We investigate spatial filtering techniques for interference removal in multichannel radio astronomical observations. The techniques are based on the estimation of the spatial signature vector of the interferer from short-term spatial covariance matrices followed by a subspace projection to remove that dimension from the covariance matrix, and by further averaging. The projections will also modify the astronomical data, and hence a correction has to be applied to the long-term average to compensate for this. As shown by experimental results, the proposed technique leads to significantly improved estimates of the interference-free covariance matrix.
Promoter Sequences of Murine  A Crystallin, Murine  2(I) Collagen or of Avian Sarcoma Virus Genes Linked to the Bacterial Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase Gene Direct Tissue-specific Patterns of Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase Expression in Transgenic Mice (1985)

Our study deals with the spatial and temporal expression of chimeric genes in transgenic mice. In three separate sets of experiments, we have made insertions into mice gene constructs in which 5′-flanking control sequences of the mouse αA crystallin gene, mouse α2(I) collagen gene, or avian sarcoma virus (Rous sarcoma virus, RSV) were fused to the bacterial sequence encoding chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT). The chimeric genes also contained SV40 splicing and polyadenylation signals at their 3′ ends. The DNA constructs were introduced into the mouse germ line by zygote microinjection (Gordon and Ruddle 1981), and the transgenic strains were assayed for CAT activity in individual tissues at various stages of pre- and postnatal development.
Gas-phase radical formation during the reactions of methane, ethane, ethylene, and propylene over selected oxide catalysts (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas-phase radical formation during the reactions of methane, ethane, ethylene, and propylene over selected oxide catalystsDaniel J. Driscoll and Jack H. LunsfordCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 21, 4415–4418Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100267a002https://doi.org/10.1021/j100267a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views775Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Formation of gold nanoparticles embedded in a polyimide film for nanofloating gate memory (2007)

A monolayer of vertically aligned Au nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric film was fabricated by sandwiching a 3.4-nm-thick Au film between two polyimide (PI) precursor layers. Au formed uniform-sized nanoparticles on the PI precursor and coalesced into 10nm sized nanoparticles during imidization, forming a well-dispersed monolayer of Au nanoparticles embedded in PI. Capacitance-voltage measurement at 300K showed that the monolayer of Au nanoparticles functioning as a floating gate in Al∕PI∕Au nanoparticles/PI/Si metal-insulator-semiconductor-type capacitor exhibited a capacitance hysteresis of 3.4V at an applied voltage of 6V. The memory effect can be potentially utilized in next generation flash memories.
Time‐resolved contrast‐enhanced carotid imaging using undersampled projection reconstruction acquisition (2007)

High-resolution dynamic imaging of the carotid arteries is feasible with the use of a hybrid undersampled PR acquisition. Undersampling streak artifact can be suppressed significantly through nonuniform distribution of the projections.
Genome Expression during Normal Leaf Development (1982)

Changes in genome expression during normal cellular and plastid development in the first leaf of young (7-day-old) wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Maris Dove) were investigated by examining homogeneous populations of leaf cells and plastids of several developmental ages present in the same leaf. The cells were characterized over a period immediately following the last cell division. All of the leaf cells had cytoplasmic contents and nuclei, and between 44% (young tissue) and 54% (older tissue) of the leaf cells were mesophyll cells. Chloroplast development was complete 36 hours after the chloroplasts had ceased dividing. Extremely large changes occurred in cellular constituents over a very short period of leaf development. Maximum rates of accumulation of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase per mesophyll cell (80 picograms/hour), chlorophyll per mesophyll cell (9 picograms/hour), and 70S ribosomes per mesophyll cell (19 x 10(5)/hour) were recorded.Total cellular DNA varied from 40 to 60 picograms/cell, reflecting the changes in nuclear and chloroplast DNA synthesis during different phases of cellular and chloroplast division. The period of maximum accumulation of protein, total RNA, and both 80S and 70S ribosomes occurred between 36 and 48 hours after the last cell division. Between 48 and 60 hours, 70S rRNA per cell and protein content per cell continued to increase as 80S rRNA per cell declined. Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase per cell increased 20-fold between 15 and 60 hours.
Double-stranded RNA induces chicken T-cell lymphoma apoptosis by TRIF and NF-κB (2017)

Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3), a member of the pathogen recognition receptor family, has been reported to activate immune response and to exhibit pro-apoptotic activity against some tumor cells. However it is unclear whether TLR3 has same function against chicken lymphoma. In this paper we investigated the effect of TLR3 activation on a Marek's disease lymphoma-derived chicken cell line, MDCC-MSB1. The TLR3 agonist poly (I:C) activated TLR3 pathway and inhibited tumor cells proliferation through caspase-dependent apoptosis. Using pharmacological approaches, we found that an interferon-independent mechanism involving Toll-IL-1-receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN-α (TRIF) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) causes the apoptosis of MDCC-MSB1 cells. This is the first report about the function of TLR3 in chicken T-cell lymphoma, especially in signal pathway. The mechanisms underlying TLR3-mediated apoptosis may contribute to the development of new drug to treat lymphomas and oncovirus infections.
B Cell Activity Is Impaired in Human and Mouse Obesity and Is Responsive to an Essential Fatty Acid upon Murine Influenza Infection (2017)

Obesity is associated with increased risk for infections and poor responses to vaccinations, which may be due to compromised B cell function. However, there is limited information about the influence of obesity on B cell function and underlying factors that modulate B cell responses. Therefore, we studied B cell cytokine secretion and/or Ab production across obesity models. In obese humans, B cell IL-6 secretion was lowered and IgM levels were elevated upon ex vivo anti-BCR/TLR9 stimulation. In murine obesity induced by a high fat diet, ex vivo IgM and IgG were elevated with unstimulated B cells. Furthermore, the high fat diet lowered bone marrow B cell frequency accompanied by diminished transcripts of early lymphoid commitment markers. Murine B cell responses were subsequently investigated upon influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 infection using a Western diet model in the absence or presence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA, an essential fatty acid with immunomodulatory properties, was tested because its plasma levels are lowered in obesity. Relative to controls, mice consuming the Western diet had diminished Ab titers whereas the Western diet plus DHA improved titers. Mechanistically, DHA did not directly target B cells to elevate Ab levels. Instead, DHA increased the concentration of the downstream specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, and protectin DX. All three SPMs were found to be effective in elevating murine Ab levels upon influenza infection. Collectively, the results demonstrate that B cell responses are impaired across human and mouse obesity models and show that essential fatty acid status is a factor influencing humoral immunity, potentially through an SPM-mediated mechanism.
MICRODISTRIBUTION AND OTHER ERROR COMPONENTS OF C<sup>14</sup> PRIMARY PRODUCTION ESTIMATES<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup> (1962)

Four experiments have been carried out to partition the error components of C 1 4 primary production measurements into those associated with errors of technique and those due to real spatial variations in production. In Exp. 1, a well‐stirred, bacteria‐free culture of Skeletonema costatum was sampled to measure the minimum error obtainable by the technique. In Exps. 3 and 4, each sample was divided into two aliquots which were incubated separately to give a measure of error. The minimum coefficient of variation was found to be approximately 10%, both in the Skeletonema cultures and in natural populations. This is greater than would be expected from purely physical errors of technique or from chance variations in the number of organisms. It is suggested that a large component of the error is attributable to random variations in the photosynthetic capacity of the phytoplankton, possibly induced by disturbances in handling the samples. This is supported by the fact that, in Exps. 3 and 4, there was a systematic difference in production between the first and second aliquot, the second usually being the higher. Both Exps. 2 and 3 showed clearly that real variations of production could be detected between samples even within the relatively small spatial scale of sampling. From the autocorrelation, it would appear that any two water samples more than 10 cm apart are likely to show a significant difference in productivity. The frequency distribution of in situ production estimates is at least approximately log‐normal. Hence statistical tests based on the normal distribution can best be made on log‐transformed data.
Optical study of GaAs/AlAs pillar microcavities with elliptical cross section (1998)

GaAs/AlAs pillar microcavities with elliptical cross section have been fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy, electron-beam lithography, and reactive ion etching. We study their lowest energy confined photonic modes by photoluminescence, using a quantum box array placed inside the cavity as an internal broadband light source. Such an anisotropic cross section allows to split the twofold polarization degenerate fundamental mode of circular micropillars into a pair of orthogonal linearly polarized modes. Their energy splitting, which is well accounted for by a simple perturbative model, is studied experimentally and theoretically as a function of the eccentricity and average radius of the pillars. Splittings as large as 15 meV are observed, which is very encouraging for applications ranging from the improvement of the polarization locking in vertical cavity lasers to the fabrication of light emitting diodes with a better control of the spontaneous emission.
Using the contribution margin aspect of menu engineering to enhance financial results (1997)

Managing food service operations to achieve a specific food cost percentage has long been a fundamental principle of the restaurant business. Management bonuses and other rewards are often based on achieving these predetermined goals. Available tools such as menu engineering and contribution margin, although sound in theory, are not frequently used. Demonstrates the use of menu engineering and contribution margin concepts in terms of customers served. Concludes that the goal of any restaurant should be to apply marketing techniques based on menu engineering and contribution margin concepts in order to achieve the highest possible financial results.
Assessing the Negative Effects of Multiple AIDS-Related Loss on the Gay Individual and Community (1996)

Survivors of multiple AIDS-related loss face a unique form of trauma and grief. This article addresses the considerable negative effects on gay individuals and the gay community. Multiple AIDS-related loss compared to historic tragedies with a discussion of the similarities and dissimilarities. Conventional theories about grief and diagnostic categories about trauma are not adequate to encompass this phenomenon. What are traditionally considered pathological grief symptoms in single-event bereavements are the regular responses among multiple loss survivors. Implications for caregivers regarding assessment and suggestions for treatment are considered.
Subsets of Human Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) Subunits Are Expressed in Non-proliferating Cells and Associate with Non-ORC Proteins (2000)

The origin recognition complex (ORC) in yeast is a complex of six tightly associated subunits essential for the initiation of DNA replication. Human ORC subunits are nuclear in proliferating cells and in proliferative tissues like the testis, consistent with a role of human ORC in DNA replication. Orc2, Orc3, and Orc5 also are detected in non-proliferating cells like cardiac myocytes, adrenal cortical cells, and neurons, suggesting an additional role of these proteins in non-proliferating cells. Although Orc2-5 co-immunoprecipitate with each other under mild extraction conditions, a holo complex of the subunits is difficult to detect. When extracted under more stringent extraction conditions, several of the subunits co-immunoprecipitate with stoichiometric amounts of other unidentified proteins but not with any of the known ORC subunits. The variation in abundance of individual ORC subunits (relative to each other) in several tissues, expression of some subunits in non-proliferating tissues, and the absence of a stoichiometric complex of all the subunits in cell extracts indicate that subunits of human ORC in somatic cells might have activities independent of their role as a six subunit complex involved in replication initiation. Finally, all ORC subunits remain consistently nuclear, and Orc2 is consistently phosphorylated through all stages of the cell cycle, whereas Orc1 is selectively phosphorylated in mitosis.
Development of Teleconferencing Methodologies with Emphasis on Virtual Space Video and Interactive Graphics (1983)

This final report completes three years of research effort conducted by Decisions and Designs, Inc. (DDI) to investigate and implement a prototype video/audio teleconferencing system. This project has included everything from feasibility studies through the transfer of technology to an operational system. The most striking outcome of this research has been the development of an interactive videographic subsystem, which has been called the Shared Graphic Workspace (SGWS). By using the SGWS, conferees have the ability to share documents or other visual materials during a teleconference, and annotate the graphic materials if so desired. In addition, this research incorporated a video coder/decoder (codec), which was developed by Compression Labs., Inc. (CLI), to test the effectiveness of severely compressed video images of conferees in various types of teleconference environments. Use of these codecs indicated that even a severely compressed picture is a definite improvement over audio-only conferencing. Two other significant aspects of this research project were: implementing the virtual space concept (for multiple transmissions of each conferee's image), and developing a user interface suitable for high level decision makers.
Unified Basis for Biological Treatment Design and Operation (1970)

A unified basis for design and operation of biological waste treatment systems employing suspensions of microorganisms is developed from microbial kinetic concepts and continuous culture of microorganisms theory. Biological solids retention time, θc, average time period a unit of biological mass is retained in the system, is suggested as an independent parameter for process design and control. Steady-state kinetic models are presented for three process configurations, i.e., completely mixed reactor without solids recycle, completely mixed reactor with solids recycle, and plug flow reactor with solids recycle. Reported values of kinetic coefficients are tabularized for: (1) aerobic treatment of carbonaceous wastes; (2) aerobic biological nitrification; (3) anaerobic methanogenic fermentation of carbonaceous wastes. These coefficient values are substituted into the models to determine lower limits, i.e., minimum values of θc, for each process. Minimum values of θc of models are compared with θc values for actual treatment systems.
Agar medium for use in susceptibility testing of bacteria from human periodontal pockets (1979)

An agar medium (medium V) was formulated to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents for bacteria encountered in human periodontal pockets. The medium contained (per liter) Trypticase, 15 g; yeast extract, 5 g; sodium chloride, 5 g; glucose, 2 g; sodium pyruvate, 2 g; sodium formate, 1 g; sodium fumarate, 1.5 g; sodium succinate, 0.1 g; Tween 80, 0.25 ml; agar, 15 g; hemin, 5 mg; and menadione, 0.5 mg. The growth of 50 oral strains was compared on this and six other media which included: Wilkins-Chalgren agar, Schaedler agar, Brucella agar, Trypticase-soy blood agar, and Schaedler and Brucella agars supplemented with whole blood. Growth, for most strains, was greatest on medium V. Medium V was also compared with Wilkins-Chalgren agar, using the same oral strains, to determine the MICs of the following antibiotics: penicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and erythromycin. The MICs of these antibiotics were essentially the same on both media when growth was quantitatively similar.
Scatter Scheduling for Problems with Unpredictable Structures (2005)

An extended scatter scheduling was applied to problems with unpredictable, asynchronous struc- tures. It has been found that with this simple schedul- ing strategy, good load balance can be reached with- out incurring much runtime overhead. This scheduling algorithm has been implemented on hypercube ma- chines, and its performance is compared with other scheduling strategies.
<title>Thermal dye diffusion printing</title> (1993)

Thermal dye diffusion printing is a non-impact printing process that generates color prints that rival photographs in quality. The process involves the transfer of dye from a color ribbon to a receiver under the influence of a thermal head. It is therefore a completely dry process totally under electronic control. Applications range from color proofing, through business presentations, medical imaging, etc., ultimately to photographic replacement.
Ambiguity function for a bistatic radar (2003)

An analysis of the ambiguity function for bistatic radar is presented. Radar measurements of a moving target are considered. The effect of bistatic geometry is discussed in detail. An example is provided to illustrate the nature of ambiguity function for a variety of system configurations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>