gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Models of Cobalt and Iron Ions Catalyzed Microwave Bacterial Deactivation (2007)

Time differences for Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli survival during microwave irradiation (power 130 W) in the presence of aqueous cobalt and iron ions were investigated. Measured dependencies had "bell" shape forms with maximum bacterial viability between 1 - 2 min becoming insignificant at 3 minutes. The deactivation time for E. faecalis, S. aureus and E.coli in the presence of metal ions were smaller compared to a water control (4 -5 min). Although various sensitivities to the metal ions were observed, S. aureus and E. coli and were the most sensitive for cobalt and iron, respectively. The rapid reduction of viable bacteria during microwave treatment in the presence of metal ions could be explained by increased metal ion penetration into bacteria. Additionally, microwave irradiation may have increased the kinetic energy of the metal ions resulting in lower survival rates. The proposed mathematical model for microwave heating took into account the "growth" and "death" factors of the bacteria, forming second degree polynomial functions. Good relationships were found between the proposed mathematical models and the experimental data for bacterial deactivation (coefficient of correlation 0.91 - 0.99).
A spatial SQL extension for continuous field querying (2004)

In the last decade, a growing interest has been devoted to the management of data referring to geographic scenarios. However, the attention of recent research has been focused on discrete data disregarding continuous data, because of their intrinsic complexity. We introduce an extension of a spatial SQL, which provides users with the capability to pose queries about both discrete and continuous data.
Dual-polarized broad-band microstrip antennas fed by proximity coupling (2005)

This work presents a novel broad-band dual-polarized microstrip patch antenna, which is fed by proximity coupling. The microstrip line with slotted ground plane is used at two ports to feed the patch antenna. By using only one patch, the prototype antenna yields a bandwidth of 22% and 21.3% at the input port 1 and 2, respectively. The isolation between two input ports is below -34 dB across the bandwidth. Good broadside radiation patterns are observed, and the cross-polar levels are below -21 dB at both E and H planes. Due to its simple structure, it is easy to form arrays by using this antenna as an element.
S<sub>G</sub>, S<sub>I</sub>, and EGP of exercise-trained middle-aged men estimated by a two-compartment labeled minimal model (2002)

To examine the effects of physical training on glucose effectiveness (S(G)), insulin sensitivity (S(I)), and endogenous glucose production (EGP) in middle-aged men, stable-labeled frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests (FSIGTT) were performed on 11 exercise-trained middle-aged men and 12 age-matched sedentary men. The time course of EGP during the FSIGTT was estimated by nonparametric stochastic deconvolution. Glucose uptake-specific indexes of glucose effectiveness (S(2*)(G) x 10(2): 0.81 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.60 +/- 0.05 dl. min(-1). kg(-1), P < 0.05) and insulin sensitivity [S(2*)(I) x 10(4): 24.59 +/- 2.98 vs. 11.89 +/- 2.36 dl. min(-1). (microU/ml)(-1). kg(-1), P < 0.01], which were analyzed using the two-compartment minimal model, were significantly greater in the trained group than in the sedentary group. Plasma clearance rate (PCR) of glucose was consistently greater in the trained men than in sedentary men throughout FSIGTT. Compared with sedentary controls, EGP of trained middle-aged men was higher before glucose load. The EGP of the two groups was similarly suppressed by approximately 70% within 10 min, followed by an additional suppression after insulin infusion. EGP returned to basal level at approximately 60 min in the trained men and at 100 min in the controls, followed by its overshoot, which was significantly greater in the trained men than in the controls. In addition, basal EGP was positively correlated with S(2*)(G) . The higher basal EGP and greater EGP overshoot in trained middle-aged men appear to compensate for the increased insulin-independent (S(2*)(G)) and -dependent (S(2*)(I)) glucose uptake to maintain glucose homeostasis.
Consumo de subproductos del coco en industrias de méxico (2015)

El objetivo de la investigacion fue realizar un diagnostico sobre el consumo de subproductos del coco, especificamente del jabon y la fibra de coco, para establecer si existe una posible demanda potencial de estos como materia prima para la elaboracion de productos y determinar el perfil de las empresas que lo requieren. El tipo de estudio realizado fue de corte descriptivo tipico ya que se baso en la aplicacion de cuestionarios a 300 empresas de un total de 1 601 del sector industrial ubicadas en diferentes zonas geograficas del pais, a traves de la determinacion de muestra por conglomerados. Su aplicacion fue a traves de la Red de Cuerpos Academicos del Subsistema de Universidades Tecnologicas y el analisis estadistico se realizo a traves del Software SPSS. En el estudio se detectaron 193 empresas a nivel nacional con potencial de consumo de jabon de coco en los giros de limpiadores, cosmeticos y dentifricos. De la misma forma se detectaron tambien 487 empresas con potencial de consumo de la fibra del coco en giros como industrias cementeras, textiles y de fertilizantes naturales.
The physics of x-ray free-electron lasers (2016)

The advent of x-ray free electron lasers has made possible the study of matter at the characteristic space and time scales of atomic and molecular phenomena using intense coherent x-ray pulses. This article describes the physical principles and the theoretical models governing the interaction of charged particles, electromagnetic waves, and external magnetic fields that comprise the x-ray free-electron lasers. It also includes a discussion of existing facilities and avenues for increasing the peak power and improving the control of spectral and coherence properties to allow the exploration of an even larger range of phenomena.\hskip-0.22em
Design Considerations of DC-Link Aircraft Generation Systems (1981)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents a brief history of aircraft generating systems with a comparison of the DC-Link system with the cycloconverter and conventional hydromechanical systems. The elements of the DC-Link systems are described and a discussion of the design considerations of the elements is presented. A brief technical description of each element is presented with block diagrams and simplified schematics. The paper concludes with a description and performance data for a 20 KVA and 40 KVA VSCF system. Hardware pictures of the design implementation are included.</div>
Intragastric bacterial growth, nitrite and nitrosamines after short-term treatment of healthy subjects with various doses of acid-reducing drugs (1994)

Houben, GMP; Hooi, J; Hameeteman, W; Stobberingh, E; Stockbrugger, R Author Information
An Hg<sub>0.3</sub>Cd<sub>0.7</sub>Te avalanche photodiode for optical-fiber transmission systems at &#955; = 1.3 &#181;m (1985)

The purpose of this paper is the characterization of Hg <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</inf> Cd <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</inf> Te avalanche photodiodes at γ = 1.3 µm. These devices are manufactured by tile Société Anonyme des Télécommunications. The multiplication noise for these APD's is measured. The value of the ratio <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</tex> = β/α is deduced from noise measurements, β and α being, respectively, the hole and electron ionization coefficients. It is shown that these HgCdTe APD's are promising candidates for detectors of 1.3-µm optical communication.
Use of Kraft Pine Lignin in Controlled-Release Fertilizer Formulations (1996)

Lignin was used as a majority component in a controlled-release fertilizer coating, since this waste product displays properties that make it an ideal substance for application in soil together with conventional mineral fertilizers. Pine lignin marketed under the name of Indulin AT and obtained by the Kraft process was used. Insoluble in water for all pH values that may occur in soil, this product was employed for coating pelleted urea. Seven series of fertilizer were obtained, which also contained various types of rosins and in some cases linseed oil as additives. The physical−chemical evaluation of these fertilizers showed that the most efficient are those whose coating embodies a mixture of dimerized, esterified, and natural rosins, as well as lignin. It was also demonstrated that the efficiency of the products noticeably increases by adding linseed oil as a sealing agent.
An extended set of yeast-based functional assays accurately identifies human disease mutations (2016)

We can now routinely identify coding variants within individual human genomes. A pressing challenge is to determine which variants disrupt the function of disease-associated genes. Both experimental and computational methods exist to predict pathogenicity of human genetic variation. However, a systematic performance comparison between them has been lacking. Therefore, we developed and exploited a panel of 26 yeast-based functional complementation assays to measure the impact of 179 variants (101 disease- and 78 non-disease-associated variants) from 22 human disease genes. Using the resulting reference standard, we show that experimental functional assays in a 1-billion-year diverged model organism can identify pathogenic alleles with significantly higher precision and specificity than current computational methods.
Nanodiamond Vectors Functionalized with Polyethylenimine for siRNA Delivery (2010)

The enormous therapeutic potential of RNA interference (RNAi) has long been recognized. While efficient small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery vectors exist, many sacrifice biocompatibility, which can challenge their applicability as a therapeutic agent. Nanodiamonds (NDs) represent promising strategies for efficient siRNA delivery given the multitude of beneficial properties integrated into one platform that include uniform particle sizes, material scalability, the ability to carry nearly any type of therapeutic, and preserved biocompatibility, among others. Here we present a broadly applicable ND delivery platform that demonstrates biocompatible siRNA delivery with enhanced efficacy in media, signifying the translational potential of this approach.
Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Tetramethylammonium‐Gismondin (1970)

Abstract A new synthetic zeolite, (CH 3 ) 4 NA1Si 3 O 8 , H 2 O, has been synthesized and shown to be an isotype of the mineral gismondine, CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ,4H 2 O. Sodium and other cations can be introduced by ion exchange after thermal decomposition of the organic cation. A continuous structural change to «cubic» Na P has thereby been recorded, which indicates that the latter is also based on a gismondine‐type aluminosilicate framework. The crystal structure of tetramethylammonium‐gismondine has been determined using X‐ray powder data supplemented by electron diffraction. The crystals are tetragonal, a = 9.84 and c = 10.02 Å, with 4 formula units per unit cell. The apparent symmetry of the framework structure is I 4 1 / amd , however, this is violated by the organic cation. Two of the methyl groups are pointing to oxygen atoms of the framework and the short methyl‐oxygen distances indicate CH ⃛ O interaction.
Context-aware heterogeneous V2I communications (2015)

The automotive industry is currently focusing on the research and development of the IEEE 802.11p technology to support V2V and V2I communications. However, connected vehicles will benefit from exploiting heterogeneous communications technologies to satisfy the diverse functional and operational requirements of vehicular applications under variable context conditions. In this context, a key aspect is the adequate selection and management of the different radio access technologies that will be integrated in connected vehicles. This paper proposes a novel context-aware heterogeneous V2I communications technique that exploits context information to make intelligent decisions on the most adequate communications technology to use at each moment in order to improve both individual and system performance. The decision is directly made by each vehicle with assistance from the infrastructure. The results obtained demonstrate the benefits of the proposed technique, and its robustness to the variability and accuracy of the context information.
An Introduction to Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2014)

Synopsis Ambient ionization has emerged as one of the hottest and fastest-growing topics in mass spectrometry. This book will introduce the subject and explain the basic concepts and terminology of ambient ionization and direct analysis, and it will provide an overview of the major ambient ion sources (both spray-based and plasma-based). Providing the first comprehensive book on this subject, the reader will be supplied with up to date references and applications from leading researchers and developers of various methods.
Lysophosphatidylcholine Induces Apoptosis in AR42J Cells (2001)

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, in part through the PLA2-generated phospholipid by-products, most notably lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC). The effects of lyso-PC on pancreatic acinar cells, other than the induction of necrosis, are poorly characterized. Here we examined the effects of lyso-PC on the induction of apoptosis in rat pancreatic AR42J cells. Lyso-PC induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner at 10 and 25 microM, but induced cell lysis at > or = 50 microM. Lyso-PC-induced (at 25 microM) apoptosis was not blocked by a protein kinase C inhibitor (staurosporine) or by inhibitors of caspases (acetyl-DEVD-aldehyde and benzoyloxycarbonyl-VAD-fluoromethylketone). Lyso-PC at 10 and 25 microM induced the expression of clusterin mRNA and wild-type p53. Apoptosis induction by lyso-PC (at 25 microM) was not inhibited by a specific antagonist of platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor, suggesting that the action was independent of th
A Selected Public Health Bibliography (1935)

A Selected Public Health Bibliography Raymond S. Patterson CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.25.2.230 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Carbonate Dynamics and Opportunities With Low Temperature, Anion Exchange Membrane-Based Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Separators (2016)

Fossil fuel power plants are responsible for a significant portion of anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and due to concerns over global climate change, finding solutions that significantly reduce emissions at their source has become a vital concern. When oxygen (O2) is reduced along with CO2 at the cathode of an anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrochemical cell, carbonate and bicarbonate are formed which are transported through electrolyte by migration from the cathode to the anode where they are oxidized back to CO2 and O2. This behavior makes AEM-based devices scientifically interesting CO2 separation devices or “electrochemical CO2 pumps.” Electrochemical CO2 separation is a promising alternative to the state-of-the-art solvent-based methods because the cells operate at low temperatures and scale with surface area, not volume, suggesting that the industrial electrochemical systems could be more compact than amine sorption technologies. In this work, we investigate the impact of the CO2 separator cell potential on the CO2 flux, carbonate transport mechanism, and process costs. The applied electrical current and CO2 flux showed a strong correlation that was both stable and reversible. The dominant anion transport pathway, carbonate versus bicarbonate, undergoes a shift from carbonate to mixed carbonate/bicarbonate with increased potential. A preliminary techno-economic analysis shows that despite the limitations of present cells, there is a clear pathway to meet the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) 2025 and 2035 targets for power plant retrofit CO2 capture systems through materials and systems-level advances.
Interfacial Behavior of Complex Hydrocarbon Fluids at Elevated Pressures and Temperatures (2006)

Unlike all the physical properties of the bulk fluid phases, interfacial tension (IFT) is unique in the sense that it relates to the interface between the two immiscible fluid phases. Hence, interfacial tension between the fluid phases can be used to infer a great deal of information about solubility, miscibility and mass transfer interactions between the two bulk fluid phases in contact.In this paper, we examine the utility of interfacial tension to characterize miscibility and mass transfer mechanisms using complex hydrocarbon fluids at elevated pressures and temperatures.For CO2/n-decane system at 37.8 /spl deg/C the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) determined using the VIT technique (7.9 MPa) matched well with the reported MMPs by slim-tube (8.2-8.6 MPa) and rising-bubble techniques (8.8 MPa). For CO2M-C1+ n-C4+ n-CW techniques system at 71.1 /spl deg/C the VIT technique resulted in an MMP value of 12.2 MPa, which is in good agreement with the published values of slim-tube and phase diagram measurements (11.7 MPa) and analytical model predictions (11.7 MPa). This paper discusses the multiple roles of interfacial tension with supporting experimental data obtained at elevated pressures and temperatures and emphasizes the need to recognize interfacial tension as a good phase behavior indicator in fluid-fluid phase equilibria for more efficient use of this fundamental property in several other applications.
Fetal origin of single nucleated erythroblasts and free DNA in the peripheral blood of pregnant women (2004)

Single nucleated erythroblasts and free DNA in maternal blood are of fetal origin and can be valuable fetal material sources for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.
The case for multi--tier camera sensor networks (2005)

In this position paper, we examine recent technology trends that have resulted in a broad spectrum of camera sensors, wireless radio technologies, and embedded sensor platforms with varying capabilities. We argue that future sensor applications will be hierarchical with multiple tiers, where each tier employs sensors with different characteristics. We argue that multi-tier networks are not only scalable, they offer a number of advantages over simpler, single-tier unimodal networks: lower cost, better coverage, higher functionality, and better reliability. However, the design of such mixed networks raises a number of new challenges that are not adequately addressed by current research. We discuss several of these challenges and illustrate how they can be addressed in the context of SensEye, a multi-tier video surveillance application that we are designing in our research group.
Species-specific difference in distribution of voltage-gated L-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels of cardiac myocytes (2000)

Ca(2+) influx via sarcolemmal voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (L-type Ca(2+) channels) is the fundamental step in excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling in cardiac myocytes. Physiological and pharmacological studies reveal species-specific differences in E-C coupling resulting from a difference in the contribution of Ca(2+) influx and intracellular Ca(2+) release to activation of contraction. We investigated the distribution of L-type Ca(2+) channels in isolated cardiac myocytes from rabbit and rat ventricle by correlative immunoconfocal and immunogold electron microscopy. Immunofluorescence labeling revealed discrete spots in the surface plasma membrane and transverse (T) tubules in rabbit myocytes. In rat myocytes, labeling appeared more intense in T tubules than in the surface sarcolemma. Immunogold electron microscopy extended these findings, showing that the number of gold particles in the surface plasma membrane was significantly higher in rabbit than rat myocytes. In rabbit myocyte plasma membrane, the gold particles were distributed as clusters in both regions that were associated with junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum and those that were not. The findings are consistent with the idea that influx of Ca(2+) via surface sarcolemmal Ca(2+) channels contributes to intracellular Ca(2+) to a greater degree in rabbit than in rat myocytes.
Unternehmensbesteuerung als ökonomische Analyse des Steuerrechts (1994)

ZusammenfassungWer ein gutes wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Diplom erworben hat, verdient in seiner Anfangsstellung 1994 rund 4.600 DM im Monat. Zusammen mit dem Weihnachtsgeld bzw. 13. Monatsgehalt möge ein Diplom-Ökonom (-Kaufmann, -Volkswirt, -Handelslehrer) 60.000 DM im Jahr erzielen. Wie stark belastet ihn die Besteuerung? Diese Frage läßt sich nur bei Kenntnis seiner Verbrauchsgewohnheiten beantworten.
Autonomous Vehicle Path Tracking Using Nonlinear Steering Control and Input-Output State Feedback Linearization (2018)

Autonomous vehicle trajectory tracking field has known a large development in the last previous years especially with the appearance of new efficient control technics. In this paper a new designed controller is used to control the vehicle motion through a predetermined path that considers a different driving scenarios representing a real world driving. In the first part of the work, a nonlinear controller that contains a relationship between lateral errors, heading error and vehicle velocity is designed to generate a suitable steering angle for the vehicle to achieve a good performance in term of path following with minimum distance error. The proposed controller is validated by simulation under different fixed velocities values. In the second part of work, the Input-Output state feedback linearization strategy is used to generate a linear velocity which is used in combination with the obtained steering angle to control the vehicle motion and to minimize the lateral error. The obtained results show a good performance with small distance error compared with the fixed velocities. The stability of the system has been verified using Lyapunov approach.
Automatic isosurface propagation using an extrema graph and sorted boundary cell lists (1995)

A high-performance algorithm for generating isosurfaces is presented. In our method, guides to searching for cells intersected by an isosurface are generated as a pre-process. These guides are two kinds of cell lists: an extrema graph, and sorted lists of boundary cells. In an extrema graph, extremum points are connected by arcs, and each arc has a list of cells through which it passes. At the same time, all boundary cells are sorted according to their minimum and maximum values, and two sorted lists are then generated. Isosurfaces are generated by visiting adjacent intersected cells in order. Here, the starting cells for this process are found by searching in an extrema graph and in sorted boundary cell lists. In this process, isosurfaces appear to propagate themselves. Our algorithm is efficient, since it visits only cells that are intersected by an isosurface and cells whose IDs are included in the guides. It is especially efficient when many isosurfaces are interactively generated in a huge volume. Some benchmark tests described in this paper show the efficiency of the algorithm.