gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic on-device filtering of social networking feeds (2012)

Many people follow social networking services and find it difficult to locate essential content on mobile devices. Automatic filtering of the feeds is one solution to this problem. A system learns a model for each user, based on metadata (e.g., content types and contacts) and click histories for old feed items, predicts the click probability for incoming items, and automatically filters out less important ones. In this study, we implemented several alternative automatic filtering systems and evaluate their offline accuracy and user acceptance. 40 users completed the evaluation in a field study. Two main findings emerge from the study. Firstly, PageRank and Bayesian predictors are valid methods; an ensemble predictor combining the two further improves the prediction accuracy. Secondly, people show high acceptance of the automatic filtering function. The participants using the filtering function found it easier to access interesting content than did the participants without the filtering. On average, they also felt greater sense of control, due to the reduced feed volume.
Senescence-Associated Gene Expression during Ozone-Induced Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis1 (1999)

The expression patterns of senescence-related genes were determined during ozone (O(3)) exposure in Arabidopsis. Rosettes were treated with 0.15 microL L(-1) O(3) for 6 h d(-1) for 14 d. O(3)-treated leaves began to yellow after 10 d of exposure, whereas yellowing was not apparent in control leaves until d 14. Transcript levels for eight of 12 senescence related genes characterized showed induction by O(3). SAG13 (senescence-associated gene), SAG21, ERD1 (early responsive to dehydration), and BCB (blue copper-binding protein) were induced within 2 to 4 d of O(3) treatment; SAG18, SAG20, and ACS6 (ACC synthase) were induced within 4 to 6 d; and CCH (copper chaperone) was induced within 6 to 8 d. In contrast, levels of photosynthetic gene transcripts, rbcS (small subunit of Rubisco) and cab (chlorophyll a/b-binding protein), declined after 6 d. Other markers of natural senescence, SAG12, SAG19, MT1 (metallothionein), and Atgsr2 (glutamine synthetase), did not show enhanced transcript accumulation. When SAG12 promoter-GUS (beta-glucuronidase) and SAG13 promoter-GUS transgenic plants were treated with O(3), GUS activity was induced in SAG13-GUS plants after 2 d but was not detected in SAG12-GUS plants. SAG13 promoter-driven GUS activity was located throughout O(3)-treated leaves, whereas control leaves generally showed activity along the margins. The acceleration of leaf senescence induced by O(3) is a regulated event involving many genes associated with natural senescence.
New, small circular DNA in transfected mammalian cells. (1986)

Circular DNA isolated by the Hirt procedure from transfected mammalian cells was examined by electron microscopy. Typically, the number of small (1- to 5-kilobase) DNA circles increased about fivefold even though DNA of larger size classes (5 to 15 kilobases) has been transferred. In one case, where extensive rearrangement of the transferred DNA was observed, the rearrangement products were cloned and analyzed. In most cases, however, no rearrangement could be detected, but the amount of small circular DNA was still increased. This effect was seen with two transfection procedures (erythrocyte ghost fusion and calcium phosphate precipitation) and with various combinations of transfecting DNA and recipient cell type. The origin of the new small circular DNA is discussed.
A level set approach to salt geometry inversion in full-waveform inversion (2012)

Seismic full-waveform inversion (FWI) (Tarantola, 1984) has gained much interest because of its ability to produce high-resolution earth models (Vigh and Starr, 2008; Virieux and Operto, 2009). However, the task of accurately recovering the geometry of salt bodies, typically found in geologically complex marine environments like the Gulf of Mexico, still presents a great challenge to FWI. Therefore, the salt geometry often must be manually picked by seismic interpreters, which is not only subjective but also a time-consuming and costly process. Better definition of the salt geometry has been shown to greatly improve imaging in the subsalt sedimentary regions, as shown by Vigh et al. (2010). In this paper, we present an approach to directly invert the geometry of the salt bodies, using FWI, by partitioning the inversion domain into salt and sediment regions and using a level set representation to parameterize the salt geometry.
Stretch-Induced Endothelin-1 Production by Astrocytes (2000)

Astrocytes proliferate during central nervous system (CNS) development and then remain quiescent. However, at a site of brain injury, astrocytes re-enter the cell cycle and undergo complex biochemical/functional changes known as reactive gliosis. Gliosis is the most important histopathologic indicator of CNS injury, regardless of etiology. Endothelins (ETs) have powerful mitogenic effects on astrocytes and have recently been implicated in the induction of gliosis. Reactive astrocytes produce, store. secrete and bind endothelin-1 (ET-1). The stimuli responsible for activating ET production in astrocytes are unresolved. Because of the relationship between stretch and ET production in other cell types, and the observation that ET-1-positive reactive astrocytes appear in mechanically deformed regions, we are examining whether mechanical deformation affects ET-1 production. We expose mature rat astrocyte cultures to mechanical stress using flexible-bottomed culture plates. Mechanical stretch of quiescent, confluent cultures causes an increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ and inositol trisphosphate (IP3), and a substantial increase in ET-1 production and secretion into the culture media.
A TECHNOLOGY TO LINK PROFESSIONALS ON THE ROAD TO CENTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS: MOBITEX PUBLIC NETWORKS IN EUROPE (1994)

This short article presents the Mobitex network. This is a Dedicated Mobile Data Network (DMDN), which was launched in the mid 80's. The basic features of the Mobitex network and its terminals are described. A brief description of the services offered via the network is also provided. The services include: a) driver guidance applications; b) pick-up-phase applications, for example vehicle location; and c) delivery phase applications, for example sending a proof of delivery message to the consignor as soon as the parcel is delivered. For the covering abstract see IRRD 868006.
A TECHNIQUE FOR SOLVING THE LOW-VELOCITY LAYER PROBLEM (1963)

Abstract The advent of surface-energy source methods and the increasing use of shallow-hole shot patterns to obtain seismic data have complicated the determination of datum corrections. This is particularly true when spreads are offset from the station. At the expense of seismic party time, the data usually are acquired by shooting uphole surveys or special refraction profiles. This paper describes a refraction technique which uses a weight-drop energy source and special recording instruments to obtain this vital information.
Biological Half-Lives of Drugs (1970)

Keywords Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Half-Life, Biological, Drugs, Biological Half-Lives in Infants, Infants, Biological Half-Lives of Drugs, Children, Biological Half-Lives of Drugs, Adults, Biological Half-Lives of Drugs, Dosage, Effect on Biological Half-Life, Urinary Excretion, Effect of Variation on Biological Half-life, Age, Effect on Biological Half-Life, Protein Binding, Effect on Biological Half-Life, Disease, Effect on Biological Half-life
A Method of Flow Stabilisation with High Pressure Recovery in Short, Conical Diffusers (1971)

The problem of obtaining proper flow spreading together with useful pressure recovery across rapidly expanding diffusers is of considerable practical importance. Many different approaches to this end have been reported in literature, e.g. vortex generators, screens or baffles, surface roughness, corrugations, etc., apart from the use of direct boundary-layer control. These methods have the common aim of preventing separation from the walls of the diffuser. With increasing expansion angle and area-ratio, however, the effectiveness of these methods either breaks down or is obtained at a high cost of pressure recovery.
Minimizing Maximum Regret in Commitment Constrained Sequential Decision Making (2017)

In cooperative multiagent planning, it can often be beneficial for an agent to make commitments about aspects of its behavior to others, allowing them in turn to plan their own behaviors without taking the agent's detailed behavior into account. Extending previous work in the Bayesian setting, we consider instead a worst-case setting in which the agent has a set of possible environments (MDPs) it could be in, and develop a commitment semantics that allows for probabilistic guarantees on the agent's behavior in any of the environments it could end up facing. Crucially, an agent receives observations (of reward and state transitions) that allow it to potentially eliminate possible environments and thus obtain higher utility by adapting its policy to the history of observations. We develop algorithms and provide theory and some preliminary empirical results showing that they ensure an agent meets its commitments with history-dependent policies while minimizing maximum regret over the possible environments.
The pxi carrier a novel approach to ate instrument development (2006)

The PXI carrier is a module designed for OPENSTAR open-architecture ATE systems (Rajsuman and Masuda, 2004) that allows PXI instruments to be integrated into an ATE test head. The PXI carrier fixes several problems inherent in using PXI instruments for ATE, and allows quick turn-around of solutions that would otherwise require lengthy ATE module development. This paper describes the PXI carrier, and then describes two applications of the PXI carrier, an RF test module and a baseband AWG/digitizer module
Generating and Calibrating 3D Geomechanical Reservoir Models (2013)

The optimal exploitation of conventional and unconventional reservoirs is strongly dependent on the local tectonic stress field. Amongst others, wellbore stability, orientation of hydraulically induced fractures and - especially in fractured reservoirs - permeability anisotropies depend on the recent in situ stress. The workflow presented here can be used to build 3D geomechanical models for various types of reservoirs and ranging from field-scale models to smaller, highly detailed submodels of specific fault blocks. Such a geomechanical reservoir model calibrated against well data can be used for stress predictions in the inter-well space and undrilled parts of the reservoir. In addition, the tendency of the existing fault network to slip or dilate in the present-day stress regime can be addressed. Best practices are elucidated concerning the transfer of the reservoir geometry from the geological to the numerical model, as well as the calibration of the geomechanical model using field measurements. Both steps are crucial for efficient geomechanical modeling and a robust prediction of the present-day stresses in the reservoir.
Optimization of the implementation of network slicing in 5G RAN (2018)

Slicing is an emergent technology for 5G. It decomposes a single Radio Access Network (RAN) into multiple virtual networks "slices" to meet demands in term of throughput, mobility, latency, reliability, etc. Slicing needs real-time reconfigurations to keep current with demands' dynamics. This results in an increased cost of Operation Expenditures (OPEX). We approached this challenge as an optimization problem of infrastructure's resources. We virtualized and pooled Baseband Units (BBUs) resources on cloud. Dynamic allocation and interconnection with Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) are made possible by leveraging the advents of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software-defined Networking (SDN). We implemented Distributed Base Station (DBS) using open software platform along to a public service orchestration tool for clouds. Our contribution is integrating service selection and deployment with real-time monitoring that allowed auto-control of resources by looping resources' lifecycle. In our experiments, we deployed several slices and we tested two scenarios. First scenario addressed slices' auto-scaling (Infrastructure Scale- Out/Scale-In) when free resources are available in the pool. Second scenario simulated slices' breathing (orchestration of resources) when the pool of resources is exhausted. In first scenario, results show that leveraging cloud elasticity by auto-scaling resources saves costs by providing exactly "what-is-needed" "when-it-is- needed" in term of cloud computing. In second scenario, results show that slices' breathing maximizes the usability by employing our "inhale-and-exhale" heuristic. It is about reusing resources from under-loaded slices in favor of overloaded ones with seamless effect on the user-experience.
Modeling and performance of microscale thermophotovoltaic energy conversion devices (2002)

We analyze the feasibility of energy conversion devices that exploit microscale radiative transfer of thermal energy in thermophotovoltaic devices. By bringing a hot source of thermal energy very close to a receiver fashioned as a pn-junction, the near-field effect of radiation tunneling can enhance the net power flux. We use the fluctuational electrodynamic approach to microscale radiative transfer to account for the spacing effect, which provides the net transfer of photons to the receiver as a function of the separation between the emitter and receiver. We calculate the power output from the microscale device using standard thermophotovoltaic device relations. The results for the performance of a device based on indium gallium arsenide indicate that a ten-fold increase in power throughput may be realized with little loss in efficiency. Furthermore, we develop a model of the microscale device itself that indicates the influence of semiconductor band-gap, energy, carrier lifetime and doping.
Synthetic materials used for the substitution of bone defects (2013)

Introduction The need for bone substitution materials has been increased due to teeth loss, trauma, tumour and bone reconstructive surgery. Various types of bone grafts have been developed to repair craniofacial bone defects over many years. Here, an analysis of Russian and foreign sources of literature, reflecting the characteristics of synthetic bone graft materials used in modern dental practice to fill bone defects, has been done. The importance of developing a new generation of synthetic material to replace bone defects is emphasized. The aim of this critical review is to discuss the synthetic materials that can be used as a substitute for bone defects. Conclusion New materials will allow bone tissue regeneration and defect reconstruction. We call on more research into this topic to increase our understanding and improve materials we currently use or discover a better suited material.
Frequency control on an island power system with increasing proportions of combined cycle gas turbines (2004)

As combined cycle gas turbines (CCGT) comprise an ever-increasing proportion of generating capacity on an island electricity system, the importance of understanding the effects of their characteristic behaviour on the system, particularly on frequency control, becomes crucial. A suitable mathematical model of a CCGT is developed to study its response following a frequency disturbance. This model is then integrated into a larger model, representative of the Irish electricity system, and the effects of increasing proportions of CCGT generation are examined. The results of this study are then considered in conjunction with the impact of increased amounts of wind power and of interconnection via HVDC to a larger system.
<title>Friction in surface-micromachined microengines</title> (1996)

Understanding the frictional properties of advanced Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is essential in order to develop optimized designs and fabrication processes, as well as to qualify devices for commercial applications. We develop and demonstrate a method to experimentally measure the forces associated with sliding friction of devices rotating on a hub. The method is demonstrated on the rotating output gear of the microengine recently developed at Sandia National Laboratories. In-situ measurements of an engine running at 18300 rpm give a coefficient of friction of 0.5 for radial (normal) forces less than 4 (mu) N. For larger forces the effective coefficient of friction abruptly increases, suggesting a fundamental change in the basic nature of the interaction between the gear and hub. The experimental approach we have developed to measure the frictional forces associated with the microengine is generically applicable to other MEMS devices.
Machinery vibration : balancing (1994)

History of Balancing. Practical Aspects. Definitions and Concepts. Balancing with No Instruments. Vectors. Sensors. Single-Plane Balancing. Four-Run Method Without Phase. Two-Plane Balancing. Static-Couple Method. Overhung Rotor. Flexible Rotor Balancing. Tools. Why Balancing Sometimes Doesn't Work. Shop Balancing. Balancing Standards. Additional Balancing Methods. Balancing Non-Rotating Parts. The Future of Balancing.
Position-Specific Incorporation of a Fluorophore−Quencher Pair into a Single Streptavidin through Orthogonal Four-Base Codon/Anticodon Pairs (2002)

Four-base codon strategy was applied to incorporate a fluorophore-quencher pair into specific positions on a single protein; beta-anthraniloyl-L-alpha,beta-diaminopropionic acid (atnDap) was employed as a fluorophore and p-nitrophenylalanine (ntrPhe) as a quencher. Their positions were directed by the CGGG/CCCG and GGGC/CCCG four-base codon/anticodon pairs and two doubly mutated streptavidins, i.e., ((52)atnDap, (84)ntrPhe) and ((54)ntrPhe, (84)atnDap) mutants were synthesized through Escherichia coli in vitro protein synthesizing systems. Intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (ET) was observed as the decrease of intensity in steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and as the shortening of fluorescence decaytimes. The quenching data indicated that the ET rate reflects the detailed structure of the protein.
Lyapunov Exponents, Entropy Production, and Decoherence (1999)

We establish that the entropy production rate of a classically chaotic Hamiltonian system coupled to the environment settles, after a transient, to a metastable value given by the sum of positive generalized Lyapunov exponents. A metastable steady state is generated in this process. This behavior also occurs in quantum systems close to the classical limit, where it leads to the restoration of quantum-classical correspondence in chaotic systems coupled to the environment.
Toward a mechanism for GroEL.GroES chaperone activity: an ATPase-gated and -pulsed folding and annealing cage. (1996)

Free GroEL binds denatured proteins very tightly: it retards the folding of barnase 400-fold and catalyzes unfolding fluctuations in native barnase and its folding intermediate. GroEL undergoes an allosteric transition from its tight-binding T-state to a weaker binding R-state on the cooperative binding of nucleotides (ATP/ADP) and GroES. The preformed GroEL.GroES.nucleotide complex retards the folding of barnase by only a factor of 4, and the folding rate is much higher than the ATPase activity that releases GroES from the complex. Binding of GroES and nucleotides to a preformed GroEL.denatured-barnase complex forms an intermediately fast-folding complex. We propose the following mechanism for the molecular chaperone. Denatured proteins bind to the resting GroEL.GroES.nucleotide complex. Fast-folding proteins are ejected as native structures before ATP hydrolysis. Slow-folding proteins enter chaperoning cycles of annealing and folding after the initial ATP hydrolysis. This step causes transient release of GroES and formation of the GroEL.denatured-protein complexes with higher annealing potential. The intermediately fast-folding complex is formed on subsequent rebinding of GroES. The ATPase activity of GroEL.GroES is thus the gatekeeper that selects for initial entry of slow-folding proteins to the chaperone action and then pumps successive transitions from the faster-folding R-states to the tighter-binding/stronger annealing T-states. The molecular chaperone acts as a combination of folding cage and an annealing machine.
A Broadband Focal Plane Array Camera for Real-time THz Imaging Applications (2013)

We present a large-format, sub-millimeter-resolution, focal plane array sensor for THz imaging. Each pixel in the sensor array consists of broadband THz antennas monolithically integrated with ultra-fast heterostructure backward diodes for THz sensing. With the aid of in-house hybrid electromagnetic modeling tools, the focal plane array is optimized for diffraction limited image resolution and conjugate impedance matching for highest THz sensitivity. The camera is designed to operate in the 0.6-1.2 THz band with 5 frames-per-second image acquisition speeds, making it ideal for THz imaging applications, such as security screening, non-destructive evaluation and chemical, pharmaceutical, and medical imaging. The simulation results are validated by measurements to demonstrate sub-millimeter resolution with a pixel optical responsivity of 600 V/W at 0.7 THz.
SNR classification based on amplitude modulation spectrogram via deep belief networks (2016)

Rebuilding noisy speech with partial spectral components which have higher SNR values brings about result of speech quality enhancement, as well as speech intelligibility improvement. Motivated by the idea of hand written digits classification with deep belief network (DBN) done by Hinton et al [8], a novel methodology is proposed here to implement SNR classification based on DBN. In our study, the whole range of SNR values is divided into subintervals, and each subinterval is considered as a class. SNR values which correspond to spectral components are represented as feature vector and are ascribed to one of the SNR subintervals. The result is helpful to tasks such as selecting noisy spectral components since each subinterval indicates a certain range of SNR values. The feature vector used in this study is an extended version of the amplitude modulation spectrogram (AMS) which was proposed by Kim et al in [7]. Experiments with IEEE corpus shows promising accuracy of classification, and reminds of the fields to be further studied.
A non‐invasive stress assay based upon measurement of free cortisol released into the water by rainbow trout (2004)

A procedure previously used for sex steroids was adapted to extract free cortisol and cortisone from water samples taken from rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss tanks. Both corticosteroids could be readily detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA), with cortisol being predominant. All stages of the sampling, extraction and RIA procedure were validated for cortisol. An intermittent problem with poor replication was traced to the use of diethyl ether during the extraction procedure, and was overcome by the use of ethyl acetate. Other modifications were also introduced to speed up the procedure. The concentration and time course of release of both corticosteroids were shown to be related to the degree of stress that the fish had been subjected to. It was confirmed that cortisol concentrations in water and estimated cortisol release rates increased in response to handling stress, and that both were correlated with plasma cortisol concentrations. The potential for using water cortisol concentration and release rates to assess the primary stress response of fishes as a non‐invasive alternative to blood sampling is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Epoxidation Catalysts Derived from 1,2‐ Diaminocyclohexane. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.