gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
O-051. A prospective randomized study of HCG priming prior to immature oocyte retrieval and in-vitro maturation of oocytes in unstimulated women with polycystic ovaries (1999)

Room 01-Auditorium 'Francois ler' Conclusions: Data presented indicate that the majority of embryos showing cleavage after a freezing/thawing procedure develop in vitro to the blastocyst stage. Genetic abnormalities for the chromosomes investigated were present in the formed blastocysts but to a lesser extend as has been reported for embryos arresting after freezing and thawing.
Progress in extreme ultraviolet mask repair using a focused ion beam (2000)

The key challenge in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask defect repair is to avoid or limit the damage to the sensitive reflective multilayer (ML) stacks on the mask substrate and repair &lt;55 nm mask defects. Our EUV mask design employs an oxide buffer layer between the ML and the absorber to protect the ML during repair. We have developed both opaque and clear EUV mask defect repair processes using focus ion beam (FIB) based gas-assisted etching (GAE) and ion-induced deposition. The process has been successfully demonstrated on our TiN baseline mask by 10× EUV print tests of 100 nm resist lines/spaces. More importantly we have assessed the current FIB tool performance capability and compared it with the general requirements for repairing the EUV mask for the 70 nm lithography node. The characterization includes minimum “effective” beam size, etch selectivity, and edge placement precision. We discussed the required improvements and future directions in repair tool research and development in order for the mask repair technology to keep pace with lithography scaling in future generations.
Frequency stabilization of 0.633-μm line with the aid of 3.39-μm line locked to CH4 (1979)

0.633- and 3.39-μm lines were brought into simultaneous oscillation with a He-Ne laser. The 3.39-μm line was locked to the saturated absorption line of CH4 to control the cavity length, as a result of which the 0.633-μm line was also frequency stabilized. The frequency stability of the 0.633-μm line was better than 4.2×10−9/h, which is the stability of a reference laser HP 5500C.
Density-matrix electronic-structure method with linear system-size scaling (1993)

We introduce a method for the solution of the electronic-structure problem in the independent-electron approximation. The method is based upon a variational solution for the density matrix, which is truncated to zero beyond a real-space radius ${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{c}}$, and becomes exact as ${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{c}}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}. Most importantly, the computer time scales only linearly with system size. The method is tested in the context of tight-binding models in one and three dimensions.
Selective signal cancellation for multiple-listener audio applications using eigenfilters (2003)

Selectively canceling signals at specific locations within an acoustical environment with multiple listeners is of significant importance for home theater, automobile, teleconferencing, office, industrial, and other applications. The traditional noise cancellation approach is impractical for such applications because it requires secondary sources to "anti-phase" the primary source, or sensors to be placed on the listeners. In this paper we propose an alternative method for signal cancellation by pre-processing the acoustical signal with a filter known as the eigenfilter , . We examine the theoretical properties of such filters, and investigate the performance (gain) and tradeoff issues such as, spectral distortion. Sensitivity of the performance as a function of the room impulse response duration (reverberation) modeled in the eigenfilter is also investigated.
2'-O-methyl-5-formylcytidine (f5Cm), a new modified nucleotide at the 'wobble' of two cytoplasmic tRNAs Leu (NAA) from bovine liver (1996)

The nucleotide analysis of a cytoplasmic tRNA(Leu) isolated from bovine liver revealed the presence of an unknown modified nucleotide N. The corresponding N nucleoside was isolated by different enzymatic and chromatographic protocols from a partially purified preparation of this tRNA(Leu). Its chemical characterization was determined from its chromatographic properties, UV-absorption spectroscopy and mass spectrometric measurements, as well as from those of the borohydride reduced N nucleoside and its etheno-trimethylsilyl derivative. The structure of N was established as 2'-O-methyl-5-formylcytidine (f5CM), and its reduced derivative as 2'-O-methyl-5-hydroxy-methylcytidine (om5Cm). By sequencing the bovine liver tRNA(Leu), the structure of the anticodon was determined as f5CmAA. In addition, the nucleotide sequence showed two primary structures differing only by the nucleotide 47c which is either uridine or adenosine. The two slightly differing bovine liver tRNAs-Leu(f5CmAA) are the only tRNAs so far sequenced which contain f5Cm. The role of such a modified cytidine at the first position of the anticodon is discussed in terms of decoding properties for the UUG and UUA leucine codons. Recently, precise evidence was obtained for the presence of f5Cm at the same position in tRNAs(Leu)(NAA) isolated from rabbit and lamb liver. Therefore, the 2'-O-methyl-5-formyl modification of cytidine at position 34 could be a general feature of cytoplasmic tRNAs(Leu)(NAA) in mammals.
Efficient pilots pattern design for multiple antenna systems (2010)

In this paper, we present an efficient pilot pattern for estimating channel frequency responses (CFRs) of multiple antenna systems maintaining backward compatibility with DVBT2 system. First, it is found that the pilot pattern of input singleoutput (MISO) transmission mode of DVB-T2 (MISO DVB-T2) system can be analyzed by using a 2×2 matrix of Hadarmard code. From this analysis, we show that a new pilot pattern for multiple antenna systems could be designed for providing backward compatibility. Second, we present an efficient scheme of time and frequency interpolations used for estimating the CFR by carrying out multi-stage operations of sum and difference. In addition, it is shown that the interpolation scheme in use of our system can be applied for one in use of the MISO DVB-T2 system.
Adsorption of Organic Acids on TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles: Effects of pH, Nanoparticle Size, and Nanoparticle Aggregation (2008)

In this study, the adsorption of two organic acids, oxalic acid and adipic acid, on TiO2 nanoparticles was investigated at room temperature, 298 K. Solution-phase measurements were used to quantify the extent and reversibility of oxalic acid and adipic acid adsorption on anatase nanoparticles with primary particle sizes of 5 and 32 nm. At all pH values considered, there were minimal differences in measured Langmuir adsorption constants, K ads, or surface-area-normalized maximum adsorbate-surface coverages, Gamma max, between 5 and 32 nm particles. Although macroscopic differences in the reactivity of these organic acids as a function of nanoparticle size were not observed, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showed some distinct differences in the absorption bands present for oxalic acid adsorbed on 5 nm particles compared to 32 nm particles, suggesting different adsorption sites or a different distribution of adsorption sites for oxalic acid on the 5 nm particles. These results illustrate that molecular-level differences in nanoparticle reactivity can still exist even when macroscopic differences are not observed from solution phase measurements. Our results also allowed the impact of nanoparticle aggregation on acid uptake to be assessed. It is clear that particle aggregation occurs at all pH values and that organic acids can destabilize nanoparticle suspensions. Furthermore, 5 nm particles can form larger aggregates compared to 32 nm particles under the same conditions of pH and solid concentrations. The relative reactivity of 5 and 32 nm particles as determined from Langmuir adsorption parameters did not appear to vary greatly despite differences that occur in nanoparticle aggregation for these two different size nanoparticles. Although this potentially suggests that aggregation does not impact organic acid uptake on anatase particles, these data clearly show that challenges remain in assessing the available surface area for adsorption in nanoparticle aqueous suspensions because of aggregation.
Isoprene emission is not temperature‐dependent during and after severe drought‐stress: a physiological and biochemical analysis (2008)

Black poplar (Populus nigra L.) plants grown at 25 and 35 degrees C were subjected to drought stress to assess the combined impact of two consequences of global climate change--rising temperature and drought--on isoprene biosynthesis and emission. At both temperatures, photosynthesis was inhibited by moderate drought, but isoprene emission only decreased when drought was prolonged. The mRNA transcript level, protein concentration and activity of isoprene synthase (ISPS) changed in concert with isoprene emission during drought stress. However, ISPS activity decreased before isoprene emission during drought development, indicating a tighter control of the emission at a transcriptional or post-transcriptional level under moderate drought stress, and at both temperatures. A residual isoprene emission was measured when photosynthesis was totally inhibited after 35 days of drought. This photosynthesis-independent emission of isoprene was probably dependent on a cytosolic carbon supply as all the properties of ISPS were drastically inhibited. Isoprene emission was associated with dark respiration during the entire drought stress period, and at both temperatures, indicating that the two processes are sustained by, but do not compete for, the same carbon source. Isoprene emission was directly related to phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity in plants grown at 25 degrees C and inversely related in plants grown at 35 degrees C, suggesting a strong temperature control on the regulation of the pyruvate flowing from the cytosol to the plastidic isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway under drought stress and recovery. In re-watered plants, the temperature control on isoprene emission was suppressed, despite complete recovery of photosynthesis and ISPS activity similar to levels in plants subjected to mild drought stress. Our results reveal the overriding effects of drought on isoprene emission, possibly affecting protein level or substrate supply. These effects may largely offset the predicted impact of rising temperatures on the emission of isoprene in terrestrial ecosystems.
Paying physicians for charity care. (1995)

The Internal Revenue Service's (IRS's) Announcement 95-25 gives important new legal support to the practice of compensating physicians for providing charity care. The announcement describes a situation in which tax-exempt hospitals may compensate non-employee physicians who are members of their staffs for providing charity care--a practice that in the past has had only indirect legal support. Before creating arrangements to compensate physicians for charity care, however, healthcare executives first must establish guidelines that ensure the arrangements comply with IRS rules and Federal antikickback laws. Careful planning on the part of healthcare executives can ensure that an important community service is provided without jeopardizing the hospital's tax-exempt status or exposing it to monetary penalties.
Reactions with α-Acetyl-4'-Chlorostilbene (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions with α-Acetyl-4'-ChlorostilbeneJohn F. Codington and Erich MosettigCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1952, 17, 7, 1023–1026Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo50007a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo50007a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PelvicSim--a computational-experimental system for biomechanical evaluation of female pelvic floor organ disorders and associated minimally invasive interventions. (2006)

In this paper we describe the prototype of a new computational simulation system, PelvicSim. This system is being developed to simulate the in vivo biomechanics of the female pelvic floor organ system with the intent to provide clinical researchers, medical device designers with a virtual environment to understand the various biomechanical pathologies occurring in the pelvic floor. This information can then be used to develop new reconstructive surgical techniques, or design non surgical/surgical devices for the treatment of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. In this paper, we provide the initial results from the development of the PelvicSim modules which combine in vivo sensing experiments, Ultrasound and MRI imaging datasets, and an inverse finite element modeling technology based on hyperviscoelastic constitutive modeling of the pelvic floor organs and tissues.
Translocation of Autophosphorylated Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II to the Postsynaptic Density (1997)

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) undergoes calcium-dependent autophosphorylation, generating a calcium-independent form that may serve as a molecular substrate for memory. Here we show that calcium-independent CaMKII specifically binds to isolated postsynaptic densities (PSDs), leading to enhanced phosphorylation of many PSD proteins including the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptor. Furthermore, binding to PSDs changes CaMKII from a substrate for protein phosphatase 2A to a protein phosphatase 1 substrate. Translocation of CaMKII to PSDs occurs in hippocampal slices following treatments that induce CaMKII autophosphorylation and a form of long term potentiation. Thus, synaptic activation leads to accumulation of autophosphorylated, activated CaMKII in the PSD. This increases substrate phosphorylation and affects regulation of the kinase by protein phosphatases, which may contribute to enhancement of synaptic strength.
Information extraction from chemical patents (2011)

The automated extraction of semantic chemical data from the existing literature is demonstrated. For reasons of copyright, the work is focused on the patent literature, though the methods are expected to apply equally to other areas of the chemical literature. Hearst Patterns are applied to the patent literature in order to discover hyponymic relations describing chemical species. The acquired relations are manually validated to determine the precision of the determined hypernyms (85.0%) and of the asserted hyponymic relations (94.3%). It is demonstrated that the system acquires relations that are not present in the ChEBI ontology, suggesting that it could function as a valuable aid to the ChEBI curators. The relations discovered by this process are formalised using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) to enable re-use. PatentEye – an automated system for the extraction of reactions from chemical patents and their conversion to Chemical Markup Language (CML) – is presented. Chemical patents published by the European Patent Office over a ten-week period are used to demonstrate the capability of PatentEye – 4444 reactions are extracted with a precision of 78% and recall of 64% with regards to determining the identity and amount of reactants employed and an accuracy of 92% with regards to product identification. NMR spectra are extracted from the text using OSCAR3, which is developed to greatly increase recall. The resulting system is presented as a significant advancement towards the large-scale and automated extraction of high-quality reaction information. Extended Polymer Markup Language (EPML), a CML dialect for the description of Markush structures as they are presented in the literature, is developed. Software to exemplify and to enable substructure searching of EPML documents is presented. Further work is recommended to refine the language and code to publication-quality before they are presented to the community.
Parameterization of media dispersive properties for FDTD (1997)

Convenient means of obtaining a Debye model of the dielectric dispersion are given for media whose properties are given either by the Cole-Cole model or numerical data in the frequency domain.
Plasma Epstein–Barr Virus DNA for Screening (2017)

In this issue of the Journal, Chan et al.1 report on the monitoring of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA in plasma samples to screen a population that was at high risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Although interest in monitoring circulating cell-free tumor DNA has surged, the application of this method to early detection of tumors remains challenging.2,3 Among the challenges are assay sensitivity and specificity. In healthy persons, circulating cell-free DNA is composed of DNA originating from normal cells. In early-stage cancer, only a small fraction of cell-free DNA is derived from tumor. Sensitive screening for cancer-associated mutations in turn yields false . . .
High Sensitive Electrical Metamaterial Sensor for Fuel Adulteration Detection (2016)

Life of any automobile engine is largely dependent on the purity as well as the optimum ratios of their fuels, viz. petrol, diesel and ethanol. A device working on the electrical metamaterial concept, namely a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), operating at 2.47 GHz (ISM band), is proposed to detect kerosene adulteration in petrol. Kerosene was varied upto 30 per cent with minimum detection limit as low as 10 per cent. Systematic shifts in the transmission resonance frequency were observed. The sensing was fast and the recovery was instantaneous. The underlying concept of interference of electromagnetic radiation through the CSRR circuit and its further manipulation with the changes in the dielectric ambience is elaborated.
Morphological Evolution of Multilayer Ni/NiO Thin Film Electrodes during Lithiation (2016)

Oxide conversion reactions in lithium ion batteries are challenged by substantial irreversibility associated with significant volume change during the phase separation of an oxide into lithia and metal species (e.g., NiO + 2Li(+) + 2e(-) → Ni + Li2O). We demonstrate that the confinement of nanometer-scale NiO layers within a Ni/NiO multilayer electrode can direct lithium transport and reactivity, leading to coherent expansion of the multilayer. The morphological changes accompanying lithiation were tracked in real-time by in-operando X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and ex-situ cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy on well-defined periodic Ni/NiO multilayers grown by pulsed-laser deposition. Comparison of pristine and lithiated structures reveals that the nm-thick nickel layers help initiate the conversion process at the interface and then provide an architecture that confines the lithiation to the individual oxide layers. XRR data reveal that the lithiation process starts at the top and progressed through the electrode stack, layer by layer resulting in a purely vertical expansion. Longer term cycling showed significant reversible capacity (∼800 mA h g(-1) after ∼100 cycles), which we attribute to a combination of the intrinsic bulk lithiation capacity of the NiO and additional interfacial lithiation capacity. These observations provide new insight into the role of metal/metal oxide interfaces in controlling lithium ion conversion reactions by defining the relationships between morphological changes and film architecture during reaction.
Mixed Metal Complexes as Enzyme Models. I. Intracomplex Nucleophilic Catalysis by an Oxime Anion (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMixed Metal Complexes as Enzyme Models. I. Intracomplex Nucleophilic Catalysis by an Oxime AnionRonald Breslow and David ChipmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 18, 4195–4196Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01096a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views234Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (253 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Medicaid politics and policy, 1965-2007 (2008)

Medicaid is a story worth telling, one rooted in American history and shaped by its culture and institutions. It has dramatic interest, heroes and heroines, triumphs and tragedies. The authors make this story come alive for the reader by providing a strong connected narrative, detailed accounts of important policy changes, and extensive use of interviews with individuals close to events. They emphasize politics and policy along with history. History is important because Medicaid has developed incrementally, layer by layer, so that almost any provision or activity needs a historical gloss to understand it. The Medicaid program has been especially subject to outside political and policy influences: the state of the economy, trends in federalism, developments in health or welfare programs, and the electoral cycle. Politics helps us understand policy outcomes. But the two go together: a knowledge of policy helps understand what is at stake, and a knowledge of politics what is possible. A central theme of the book is that Medicaid is a weak entitlement, one less established or effectively defended than Medicare or Social Security, but more secure than welfare or food stamps. Medicaid has the flexibility to adapt (or be adapted) as well as a capacity to defend incremental and opportunistic gains. At the same time, the program lacks an effective mechanism for overall reform. It has grown enormously since its inception to become the largest health insurance system in the country, a source of perennial complaint and, most recently, of continuing crisis. The dual emphasis upon politics and policy is important to make the arcane Medicaid program accessible to the reader, and to distinguish policy grounded in facts and analysis from partisan bombast and ideology. The result is an authoritative account and reference for those seeking to refresh a perspective or to look further.