gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dissemination of Stegomyia albopicta (Skuse 1895) in Istria, Croatia (2006)

Vrsta komarca Stegomyia albopicta - azijski tigrasti komarac (Diptera, Culicidae) otkrivena je na podrucju poluotoka Istre tijekom rujna i listopada 2005. godine. Obzirom da je u proteklih 15 godina vrsta prisutna u Italiji, sirenje prema Hrvatskoj bilo je ocekivano. Terenskim istraživanjima na podrucju Istre, prisutnost vrste evidentirana je u cak osam gradova. Vrsta je zabilježena uglavnom uz obalno podrucje jugozapadnog dijela Istre, tocnije u Puli, Rovinju, Funtani, Porecu, Novigradu, Bujama, Umagu i Savudriji. U gradovima u unutrasnjosti poluotoka jos uvijek nije evidentirana. Pretpostavljamo da je vrsta prenesena na dva nacina, morskim transportom i uvozom rabljenih guma iz Italije i Slovenije. Licinke vrste Stegomyia albopicta pronađene su iskljucivo u umjetnim leglima kao sto su spremnici za vodu, gume i vaze, dok su odrasle jedinke uhvacene u blizini navedenih legala. Ukupno je uhvaceno 85 jedinki komaraca tj. 45 odraslih i 40 licinki. Ostale vrste koje se pojavljuju u istraživanim leglima su Culiseta longiareolata, Culex pipiens i Culex hortensis. Hrvatska je osma zemlja u Europi u kojoj je pocelo sirenje ove izrazito invazivne vektorske vrste.
Biomedical Applications of Advanced Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles (2015)

In this review, we have presented the latest results and highlights on biomedical applications of a class of noble metal nanoparticles, such as gold, silver and platinum, and a class of magnetic nanoparticles, such as cobalt, nickel and iron. Their most important related compounds are also discussed for biomedical applications for treating various diseases, typically as cancers. At present, both physical and chemical methods have been proved very successful to synthesize, shape, control, and produce metal- and oxide-based homogeneous particle systems, e.g., nanoparticles and microparticles. Therefore, we have mainly focused on functional magnetic nanoparticles for nanomedicine because of their high bioadaptability to the organs inside human body. Here, bioconjugation techniques are very crucial to link nanoparticles with conventional drugs, nanodrugs, biomolecules or polymers for biomedical applications. Biofunctionalization of engineered nanoparticles for biomedicine is shown respective to in vitro and in vivo analysis protocols that typically include drug delivery, hyperthermia therapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and recent outstanding progress in sweep imaging technique with Fourier transformation (SWIFT) MRI. The latter can be especially applied using magnetic nanoparticles, such as Co-, Fe-, Ni-based nanoparticles, α-Fe2O3, and Fe3O4 oxide nanoparticles for analysis and treatment of malignancies. Therefore, this review focuses on recent results of scientists, and related research on diagnosis and treatment methods of common and dangerous diseases by biomedical engineered nanoparticles. Importantly, nanosysems (nanoparticles) or microsystems (microparticles) or hybrid micronano systems are shortly introduced into nanomedicine. Here, Fe oxide nanoparticles ultimately enable potential and applicable technologies for tumor-targeted imaging and therapy. Finally, we have shown the latest aspects of the most important Fe-based particle systems, such as Fe, α-Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Fe-Fe(x)O(y) oxide core-shell nanoparticles, and CoFe2O4-MnFe2O4 core-shell nanoparticles for nanomedicine in the efficient treatment of large tumors at low cost in near future.
Passive Control of Transonic Cavity Flow (2008)

Abstract Open cavities at transonic speeds can result in acoustic resonant flow behavior with fluctuating pressure levels of sufficient intensity to cause significant damage to internal stores and surrounding structures. Extensive research in this field has produced numerous cavity flow control techniques, the more effective of which may require costly feedback control systems or entail other drawbacks such as drag penalties or rapid performance degradation at off-design condition. The current study focuses on the use of simple geometric modifications of a rectangular planform cavity with the aim of attenuating the aeroacoustic signature. Experiments were performed in an intermittent suck-down transonic wind tunnel by using a typical open flow rectangular planform cavity, which was modularly designed such that the leading and trailing edge geometries could be modified by using a family of inserts. The current work focused on a variety of recessed leading edge step arrangements. Configurations were tested at transonic Mach numbers spanning the range Mach 0.7–0.9, and unsteady pressure measurements were recorded at various stations within the cavity in order to obtain acoustic spectra. The most effective configuration at Mach 0.9 was the leading edge step employing a step height to step length ratio of 0.4. This configuration achieved a tonal attenuation of up to 18.6dB and an overall sound pressure level (OASPL) reduction of approximately 7.5dB. This is a significant level of noise suppression in comparison with other passive control methods. In addition, it offers the additional benefits of being a simple geometric feature, which does not rely on placing flow effectors into the high-speed grazing flow.
Blood-Borne Lipopolysaccharide Is Rapidly Eliminated by Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells via High-Density Lipoprotein (2016)

During Gram-negative bacterial infections, excessive LPS induces inflammation and sepsis via action on immune cells. However, the bulk of LPS can be cleared from circulation by the liver. Liver clearance is thought to be a slow process mediated exclusively by phagocytic resident macrophages, Kupffer cells (KC). However, we discovered that LPS disappears rapidly from the circulation, with a half-life of 2-4 min in mice, and liver eliminates about three quarters of LPS from blood circulation. Using microscopic techniques, we found that ∼75% of fluor-tagged LPS in liver became associated with liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and only ∼25% with KC. Notably, the ratio of LSEC-KC-associated LPS remained unchanged 45 min after infusion, indicating that LSEC independently processes the LPS. Most interestingly, results of kinetic analysis of LPS bioactivity, using modified limulus amebocyte lysate assay, suggest that recombinant factor C, an LPS binding protein, competitively inhibits high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated LPS association with LSEC early in the process. Supporting the previous notion, 3 min postinfusion, 75% of infused fluorescently tagged LPS-HDL complex associates with LSEC, suggesting that HDL facilitates LPS clearance. These results lead us to propose a new paradigm of LSEC and HDL in clearing LPS with a potential to avoid inflammation during sepsis.
Exercise-Induced Collapse of Labrador Retrievers: Survey Results and Preliminary Investigation of Heritability (2008)

Completed surveys were obtained from owners of 225 Labrador retrievers affected by the syndrome of exercise-induced collapse. Questions addressed signalment, age of onset, description of collapse episodes, and owner perception of activities and factors associated with collapse. Most dogs were young (mean 12 months) when collapse episodes began. Retrieving was the activity most commonly associated with collapse. Owners felt that excitement (187/225; 83%) and high environmental temperatures (71/225; 31%) increased the likelihood of collapse. Analysis of pedigrees collected from 169 affected dogs was most consistent with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.
Temperature feedback control for improving the stability of a semiconductor-metal-oxide (SMO) gas sensor (2006)

Stability is a major concern of semiconductor-metal-oxide (SMO) gas sensors in practical applications, as they may cause false alarm problems. Ambient temperature is a major factor affecting the SMO gas sensor's stability. In this paper, we use a novel way to improve temperature stability of SMO (tin oxide) gas sensors by applying a temperature feedback control circuits which are compatible with our microelectromechanical systems sensor fabrication. A built-in platinum temperature sensor can precisely detect the sensor's working temperature. It provides feedback information to compensate the microheater's current to maintain the sensor's working temperature constant, regardless of ambient temperature change. Test results showed that, with this approach, significant improvement of stability has been achieved compared to SMO gas sensors without temperature compensation under the same ambient variation. The algorithm is realized through a hardware circuit, whose advantages include real time, large feedback gain, and low cost.
<i>In Vivo</i> Production of scFv-Displaying Biopolymer Beads Using a Self-Assembly-Promoting Fusion Partner (2007)

Recombinant production and, in particular, immobilization of antibody fragments onto carrier materials are of high interest with regard to diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this study, the recombinant production of scFv-displaying biopolymer beads intracellularly in Escherichia coli was investigated. An anti-beta-galactosidase scFv (single chain variable fragment of an antibody) was C-terminally tagged with the polymer-synthesizing enzyme PhaC from Cupriavidus necator by generating the respective hybrid gene. The functionality of the anti-beta-galactosidase scFv-PhaC fusion protein was assessed by producing the respective soluble fusion protein in an Escherichia coli AMEF mutant strain. AMEF (antibody-mediated enzyme formation) strains contain an inactive mutant beta-galactosidase, which can be activated by binding of an anti-beta-galactosidase antibody. In vivo activation of AMEF beta-galactosidase indicated that the scFv is functional with the C-terminal fusion partner PhaC. It was further demonstrated that polymer biosynthesis and bead formation were mediated by the scFv-PhaC fusion protein in the cytoplasm of recombinant E. coli when the polymer precursor was metabolically provided. This suggested that the C-terminal fusion partner PhaC acts as a functional insolubility partner, providing a natural cross-link to the bead and leading to in vivo immobilization of the scFv. Overproduction of the fusion protein at the polymer bead surface was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF/MS analysis of purified beads. Antigen binding functionality and specificity of the beads was assessed by analyzing the binding of beta-galactosidase to scFv-displaying beads and subsequently eluting the bound protein at pH 2.7. A strong enrichment of beta-galactosidase suggested the functional display of scFv at the bead surface as well as the applicability of these beads for antigen purification. Binding of beta-galactosidase to the scFv-displaying beads was quantitatively analyzed by enzyme-linked assays measuring beta-galactosidase activity. These indicated that the anti-beta-galactosidase scFv-displaying beads bound a maximum of 38 ng of beta-galactosidase per 1 microg of bead protein, showing an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant ( KD) of 12 x 10 (-7) M. This study clearly demonstrated that anti-beta-galactosidase scFv-displaying polymer beads can be produced in engineered E. coli in a one-step process by using PhaC as a self-assembly-promoting fusion partner.
The stability of oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes containing degenerate bases (1987)

Oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing N4-methoxycytosine (mo4C), N4-methoxy-5-methylcytosine (mo4m5C) and other base-analogues were synthesised and used to compare the stabilities of duplexes containing mo4C.A and mo4C.G base pairs with those containing normal and mismatch pairs. The Tm values and other thermodynamic parameters are recorded. The otherwise identical duplexes containing a mo4C.A and a mo4C.G base pair have closely similar stabilities to each other and to the corresponding duplexes containing normal base pairs, considerably greater than the stabilities of those containing mismatch pairs. Corresponding observations are recorded in dot-blot experiments using M13 cloned DNA carrying an insert complementary to the oligonucleotides; approximate Td values are given.
Generalization of smoothness measure for standard regularization and its application to surface reconstruction (1994)

Abstract The standard regularization is a theory that converts ill‐posed problems into well‐posed problems by assuming some a priori information about solutions. Usually, this assumption is concerned with the smoothness of a function that is a solution of the problem. To measure the smoothness of a function, a membrane or thin‐plate measures have been used, i.e., the deformation energy of a membrane and a thin‐plate, respectively. The smoothness measure is generalized by using a continuous order differential‐integral operator. This generalized measure is applied to surface reconstruction from sparse data and its usefulness and superiority to these measures are shown.
Sensitivity of four foodborne moulds to essential oils from turkish spices, herbs and citrus peel (1989)

Abstract The antifungal effects of 22 essential oils from Turkish spices, herbs and citrus peel on four foodborne moulds were evaluated for fungistatic and fungicidal activity. The most active oils were wild thyme (Thymus rariflorus L) and thyme (Thymus serpyllum L). Parsley (Penloselinum sativum Hoffin) and savory (Satureja hortensis L) oils were found to be the least active oils. Rhizopus sp displayed the greatest tolerance, and the most sensitive mould was Penicillium chrysogenum. Prolonged incubations reduced the fungistatic and fungicidal effects of oils. It was concluded that some oils may be useful as mould inhibitors at food additive levels.
Multiple-valued logic-in-memory VLSI based on ferroelectric capacitor storage and charge addition (2003)

A multiple-valued logic-in-memory VLSI using ferroelectric capacitors is proposed to realize an arithmetic-oriented VLSI with real-time programmable capacitor storage. The use of a remnant-polarization charge on a ferroelectric capacitor makes it possible to perform not only a real-time programmable storage function but also a linear-sum function, thereby resulting in a compact hardware while maintaining a high-speed processing capability. As a design example, a full adder with a storage capability is evaluated. Its performance is superior to that of a corresponding binary CMOS implementation.
Effects of S‐ethylisothiourea, a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, alone or in combination with a nitric oxide donor in splanchnic artery occlusion shock (1996)

1. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an intravenous infusion of a potent and non selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor S-ethylisothiourea (Ethyl-TU) with that of a nitric oxide (NO) donor on the pathological sequelae associated with splanchnic artery occlusion (SAO) shock. In addition the effects of the combination of these two treatments were also investigated. 2. SAO shock was induced in anaesthetized rats by clamping splanchnic arteries for 45 min. Sham operated animals were used as controls. Survival time, white blood cell (WBC) count, mean arterial blood pressure, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO; studied as a quantitative means to evaluate neutrophil accumulation) and the responsiveness of aortic rings to acetylcholine (ACh, 10 nM-10 microM) and to phenylephrine (PE, 1 nM-10 microM) were studied. 3. SAO shocked rats had a decreased survival rate (0% survival 2 h after the release of occlusion) and survival time (76 +/- 10 min), increased MPO activity in the ileum (3.39 +/- 0.8 u x 10(-3) g-1 tissue), a marked leukopenia and a profound hypotension. In addition aortic rings from shocked rats showed a marked hyporeactivity to PE and reduced responsiveness to ACh. Endothelium denuded aortic rings had also a marked hyporeactivity to PE. 4. In vivo administration of Ethyl-TU (0.1 mg kg-1 h-1, beginning 1 min after the onset of reperfusion) significantly increased survival time and rate, improved mean arterial blood pressure, restored the responsiveness to PE, but did not change MPO activity, leukopenia or the impairment in the responsiveness of aortic rings to ACh. Addition of Ethyl-TU (2 microM) to endothelium denuded aortic rings in vitro, restored the marked hyporeactivity to PE. Administration of the NO donor C87-3754 (0.75 mg kg-1 h-1, beginning 1 min after the onset of reperfusion) slightly increased survival time and reduced MPO activity and leukopenia, but did not change survival rate and mean arterial blood pressure. In addition C87-3754 restored the responsiveness of aortic rings to ACh to control values, but did not modify the hyporeactivity to PE. The combination of these two interventions produced a higher degree of protection than either Ethyl-TU or C87-3754 alone. In fact, co-administration of Ethyl-TU plus C87-3754 completely prevented mortality, reduced MPO activity, attenuated leukopenia and the profound hypotension and restored the impaired responsiveness of aortic rings to PE and ACh. 5. Our study suggests that treatment with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor combined with an NO donor may be a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of splanchnic artery occlusion shock.
Supercritical fluid chromatography/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry with an automatic diffuse reflectance interface (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupercritical fluid chromatography/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry with an automatic diffuse reflectance interfaceKenneth H. Shafer, Stephen L. Pentoney, and Peter R. GriffithsCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 1, 58–64Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00292a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00292a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Suppression of Induced Resistance in Cucumber Through Disruption of the Flavonoid Pathway (2005)

ABSTRACT In this study, cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus) expressing induced resistance against powdery mildew (caused by Podosphaera xanthii) were infiltrated with inhibitors of cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL), and chalcone synthase (CHS) to evaluate the role of flavonoid phytoalexin production in induced disease resistance. Light and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated ultrastructural changes in inhibited plants, and biochemical analyses determined levels of CHS and beta-glucosidase enzyme activity and 4CL protein accumulation. Our results showed that elicited plants displayed a high level of induced resistance. In contrast, down regulation of CHS, a key enzyme of the flavonoid pathway, resulted in nearly complete suppression of induced resistance, and microscopy confirmed the development of healthy fungal haustoria within these plants. Inhibition of 4CL ligase, an enzyme largely responsible for channeling phenylpropanoid metabolites into the lignin pathway, had little effect on induced disease resistance. Biochemical analyses revealed similar levels of 4CL protein accumulation for all treatments, suggesting no alterations of nontargeted functions within inhibited plants. Collectively, the results of this study support the idea that induced resistance in cucumber is largely correlated with rapid de novo biosynthesis of flavonoid phytoalexin compounds.
Extensible algebraic datatypes with defaults (2001)

A major problem for writing extensible software arises when recursively defined datatypes and operations on these types have to be extended simultaneously without modifying existing code. This paper introduces Extensible Algebraic Datatypes with defaults, which promote a simple programming pattern to solve this well-known problem. We show that it is possible to encode extensible algebraic datatypes in an object-oriented language, using a new design pattern for extensible visitors. Extensible algebraic datatypes have been successfully applied in the implementation of an extensible Java compiler. Our technique allows for the reuse of existing components in compiler extensions without the need for any adaptations.
Lipophilic and cationic triphenylphosphonium grafted linear polyethylenimine polymers for efficient gene delivery to mammalian cells (2012)

Synthetic chemical vectors have recently provided a versatile and robust platform for the safe and efficient delivery of exogenous genes. Here, for the first time, a small series of N-butyltriphenylphosphonium bromide-grafted-linear polyethylenimine (BTP-g-lP) polymers (N–P hybrid polymers) have been evaluated for their ability to deliver genes into mammalian cell lines, viz., MCF-7 and A549 cells. Biophysical characterization revealed that the projected polymers efficiently interacted with plasmid DNA, and the resulting complexes displayed hydrodynamic diameters in the range of 249–307 nm with relatively higher zeta potential values of +31 to +34 mV (cf. lPEI, +26 mV). The tethering of lipophilic and cationic triphenylphosphonium moieties to linear PEI (lPEI) addressed several limitations associated with lPEI, such as solubility, the stability of the pDNA complexes and the timely release of pDNA for nuclear localization as assessed by protection and release assays. Also, the lipophilic interactions between cellular membranes and the pDNA complexes mediated the efficient cellular uptake and internalization of the pDNA complexes, resulting in significantly higher transfection efficiency in these cell lines, outperforming the GenePORTER 2™, Lipofectamine™ and Superfect™ used in the study for comparison purposes. Confocal studies using dual-labeled TMR-BTP-g-lP3/YOYO-1-pDNA complex in MCF-7 cells confirmed that the complex behaved more or less like native lPEI, as the substitution of the phosphonium moiety was too small to affect the intracellular trafficking. Furthermore, the versatility of the BTP-g-lP3 vector was established by GFP specific siRNA delivery, which resulted in ∼79% suppression of targeted gene expression (cf. Lipofectamine™, ∼55%). Altogether, the study demonstrates the potential of these hybrid polymers for the efficient delivery of nucleic acids for future gene therapy applications.