gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical pharmacology of pyridostigmine and neostigmine in patients with myasthenia gravis. (1983)

Determination of plasma concentration of pyridostigmine in 20 myasthenic patients on maintenance therapy revealed rather small intraindividual variations within a dose interval. The predose concentration varied considerably between different patients and up to seven fold in patients on the same daily dose. No pharmacokinetic interaction between pyridostigmine and neostigmine was found in five patients studied. In six patients the decrement in the deltoid muscle was studied in parallel with determination of the plasma concentrations following administration of pyridostigmine or neostigmine. In these patients the existence of a "bell-shaped" dose response curve is suggested with the maximal effect at a concentration of 30-60 ng/ml for pyridostigmine and 5-15 ng/ml for neostigmine.
A Key Role for Protein Kinase A in Homologous Desensitization of the β2-Adrenergic Receptor Pathway in S49 Lymphoma Cells (1996)

We have used a [3H]forskolin binding assay to assess Gs-adenylyl cyclase interactions in intact wild-type (WT) and kin- S49 cells under conditions that desensitize the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2-AR) system. This assay provides a measurement of G alpha s-adenylyl cyclase interaction that does not rely on the determination of second messenger accumulation or enzyme activity in broken cells. Kin- S49 cells lack protein kinase A (PKA) activity and provide a unique system in which to study the relative importance of this enzyme in beta 2-AR desensitization. Although both WT and kin- S49 cells display similar kinetics of cAMP accumulation and agonist-induced cell-surface beta 2-AR loss, we found that these cell types exhibited very different extents of desensitization of forskolin binding following agonist treatment. Specifically, 10 microM isoproterenol (37 degrees C, 30 min) induced the loss of 70% of [3H]forskolin binding sites in WT cells but only 30% in kin- cells. This loss of sites in WT cells displayed a t1/2 of approximately 7 min, was agonist concentration-dependent (EC50 approximately 60 nM), was not mimicked by 8-Br-cAMP, and could be blocked by the PKA inhibitor, H89. The difference between WT and kin- cells in agonist-induced desensitization of the beta 2-AR pathway was also noted in studies of cAMP accumulation in cells. In addition, preincubation of intact cells with isoproterenol did not inhibit guanine nucleotide-dependent [3H]forskolin binding in permeabilized cells. Overall, data obtained from [3H]forskolin binding assays demonstrate the involvement of PKA in the agonist-dependent uncoupling of beta 2-AR and Gs; thus we conclude that PKA plays an important role in the homologous desensitization of the beta 2-AR-Gs-adenylyl cyclase pathway in intact cells.
Interface and interaction design for group and social recommender systems (2011)

Group and social recommender systems aim to recommend items of interest to a group or a community of people. The user issues in such systems cannot be addressed by examining the satisfaction of their members as individuals. Rather, group satisfaction should be studied as a result of the interaction and interface methods that support group dynamics and interaction. In this paper, we survey the state-of-the-art in user experience design of group and social recommender systems. We further apply the techniques used in the current recommender systems to GroupFun, a music social group recommender system. After presenting the interface and interaction characteristics of GroupFun, we further analyze the design space and propose areas for future research in pursuit of an affective recommender.
UFT plus cisplatin with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. (1999)

A phase II study of combined-modality treatment consisting of uracil and tegafur (in a molar ratio of 4:1 [UFT]) plus cisplatin (Platinol) and concurrent radiotherapy was conducted to evaluate the activity of this regimen in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Eligible patients with cytologically or histologically confirmed, unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer received UFT (400 mg/m2 orally on days 1 through 52) and cisplatin (80 mg/m2 intravenously on days 8, 29, and 50). Radiotherapy, with a total dose of 60.8 Gy, was delivered in 38 fractions on days 1 through 52. Among the 17 patients entered, 16 experienced partial responses (94%; 95% confidence interval, 83% to 100%). The median time to tumor progression was 30 weeks (range, 8 to 87 weeks), and the 1-year survival rate was 80%. Hematologic toxicity was moderate. Grade 3 leukopenia occurred in 10 patients (59%), but no grade 4 hematologic toxicity was observed. No grades 3 or 4 nonhematologic toxicities were reported. These observations suggest that oral UFT plus cisplatin with concurrent radiotherapy can be safely administered to patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. The demonstrated antitumor activity is high, making this combined-modality treatment worthy of further investigation in a multi-institution trial.
Hygienic behavior in the honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) and the modulatory role of octopamine (2003)

Honey bees, Apis mellifera, which perform hygienic behavior, quickly detect, uncap and remove diseased brood from the nest. This behavior, performed by bees 15-20 days old and prior to foraging, is likely mediated by olfactory cues. Because the neuromodulator octopamine (OA) plays a pivotal role in olfactory-based behaviors of honey bees, we examined whether bees bred for hygienic and nonhygienic behavior differed with regard to their OA expression and physiology. We compared the staining intensity of octopamine-immunoreactive (OA-ir) neurons in the deutocerebral region of the brain, medial to the antennal lobes, between hygienic and nonhygienic bees (based on genotype and phenotype). We also tested how the olfactory responses of the two lines, based on electroantennograms (EAGs), were affected by oral administration of OA and of epinastine, a highly specific OA antagonist. Our results revealed that bees expressing hygienic behavior (irrespective of genotype) possessed OA-ir neurons that exhibited more intense labeling than same-aged bees not performing the behavior. In bees bred for nonhygienic behavior, OA significantly increased the EAG response to low concentrations of diseased brood odor. Conversely, in bees bred for hygienic behavior, epinastine significantly reduced the magnitude of the EAG response, a reduction not observed in nonhygienic bees. Our results provide two lines of evidence that OA has the potential to facilitate the detection and response of honey bees to diseased brood. We discuss the contributions of OA for behavioral shaping and its ability to bias the nervous system to express one form of behavior over another.
Isolation of α‐tubulin genes from the human malaria parasite, <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>: sequence analysis of α‐tubulin (1989)

As a step towards identifying exploitable differences between host and parasite at the molecular level, we have isolated and sequenced genomic clones encompassing an entire alpha-tubulin gene (designated alpha-tubulin I) from the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. The gene, which contains two introns, encodes a product with a predicted length of 453 amino acid residues (50.3 kD). The protein sequence shows a high degree of homology to other alpha-tubulins, particularly that of the coccidian parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (94%), whose gene carries introns in identical positions. Only one copy of the alpha-tubulin I gene itself was found, although a second gene designated alpha-II was also identified which is closely related but which differs at both the nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels. The alpha-I and beta-tubulin genes were found to reside on different chromosomes.
Influence of the distributor and the plenum chamber volume on fluidized bed hydrodynamics (2009)

Hydrodynamic experiments were conducted in a three-dimensional fluidized bed with a specially designed plenum chamber. The air supply system and plenum chamber are axially symmetric to minimize the influence of geometry. Glass beads of mean diameter 157 μm and FCC particle of mean diameter 70 μm were bed materials. Pressure fluctuations were measured in the bed, plenum chamber and across the distributor for two low-pressure-drop distributors, one with a single orifice, and one with 33 orifices having the same total open area as the single orifice distributor. Velocity fluctuations ware also measured for the single orifice distributor by means of a custom-made hot-wire anemometer. For the single-orifice distributor, the frequency spectrum of the distributor pressure drop fluctuations (differential pressure transducer) revealed multiple peaks, as reported by Kage et al. (2000). The sharpest peak is believed to represent the bubbling frequency. It was found that the bubbling frequency increased slightly with decreasing plenum volume. This is likely because of forming larger bubbles while using large plenum chamber volumes. The same trend was reported by Kage et al. (2000). The lower peak in the frequency spectrum of the distributor pressure drop fluctuations represented bubble eruptions at the bed surface, since it matches Baskakov et al. (1986) model suggested for bubbles bursting at the bed surface. For the multi orifice distributor, effects of gas superficial velocity and bed depth on frequency spectra were found to be similar to those of from the single-orifice distributor. Decreasing plenum volume caused the broad frequency spectrum of the plenum pressure fluctuations to move slightly towards higher frequencies. A model was developed to simulate bubble formation at a single orifice in a gas-solid fluidized bed. Two-stage bubble formation was assumed: an expansion stage, referring to a stage where the bubble grows spherically while it remains at the orifice, and a detachment stage where the bubble continues to grow while lifted off the plate, but still connected to the orifice by a small neck. The model was able to predict the variation of plenum pressure, bubble volume, and orifice flow rate with time correctly in the similar manner as previously reported by some researchers for gas-liquid system (McCann and Prince, 1969, Ramakrishnan et al., 1969, Tsuge & Hibino, 1983).
Antifeeding Active Substances for Insect in Plant (1974)

Journal Article Antifeeding Active Substances for Insect in Plant Get access Shigeki Hosozawa, Shigeki Hosozawa Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Natsuki Kato, Natsuki Kato Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Katsura Munakata, Katsura Munakata Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yuh-Lin Chen Yuh-Lin Chen Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 38, Issue 5, 1 May 1974, Pages 1045–1048, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1974.10861284 Published: 01 May 1974 Article history Received: 14 December 1973 Published: 01 May 1974
The Password Thicket: Technical and Market Failures in Human Authentication on the Web. (2010)

We report the results of the first large-scale empirical analysis of password implementations deployed on the Internet. Our study included 150 websites which offer free user accounts for a variety of purposes, including the most popular destinations on the web and a random sample of\ne-commerce, news, and communication websites. Although all sites evaluated relied on user-chosen textual passwords for authentication, we found many subtle but important technical variations in implementation with important security implications. Many poor practices were commonplace,\nsuch as a lack of encryption to protect transmitted passwords, storage of cleartext passwords in server databases, and little protection of passwords from brute force attacks. While a spectrum of implementation quality exists with a general correlation between implementation choices within more-secure and less-secure websites, we find a surprising number of inconsistent choices within\nindividual sites, suggesting that the lack of a standards is harming security. We observe numerous ways in which the technical failures of lower-security sites can compromise higher-security sites due to the well-established tendency of users to re-use passwords. Our data confirms that the worst security practices are indeed found at sites with few security incentives, such as newspaper websites, while sites storing more sensitive information such as payment details or user communication implement more password security. From an economic viewpoint, password insecurity is a negative externality that the market has been unable to correct, undermining the viability of password-based\nauthentication. We also speculate that some sites deploying passwords do so primarily for psychological reasons, both as a justification for collecting marketing data and as a way to build trusted relationships with customers. This theory suggests that efforts to replace passwords with more secure protocols or federated identity systems may fail because they don’t recreate the entrenched ritual of password authentication.
Conjunctival Goblet Cell Densities in Ocular Surface Disease (1984)

Goblet cell densities were determined in the eyes of normal subjects and in the eyes of patients with various ocular surface diseases using an impression cytological technique. For normal eyes goblet cell densities on the interpalpebral bulbar and inferior palpebral ocular surfaces were 443 (+/- 266 [+/- SD]) and 1,972 (+/- 862) cells millimeter, per square, respectively. All patients in the ocular surface disease groups had decreased goblet cell densities compared with subjects with normal eyes. Compared with normal eyes, eyes with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) demonstrated a 17% greater goblet cell loss on the interpalpebral bulbar compared with the inferior palpebral ocular surface, while eyes with blepharitis and secondary KCS demonstrated an 8% greater loss on the inferior palpebral surface compared with the interpalpebral bulbar ocular surface. Eyes with cicatricial ocular pemphigoid and Stevens-Johnson syndrome demonstrated greater than 95% goblet cell loss on both the interpalpebral bulbar and inferior palpebral ocular surfaces compared with normal eyes.
Efficient solution route to transparent ZnO semiconductor films using colloidal nanocrystals (2016)

ZnO nanocrystals (NCs) were synthesized by heating Zn (II) acetylacetonate in oleic acid/oleylamine in the presence of 1,2-hexadecanediol at 220 °C. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed the formation of monodispersed ZnO NCs of ca. 7 nm. ZnO NC assembled films were fabricated on a glass substrate by deposition with the colloidal ZnO NCs dispersed in toluene. The film composed of the NCs showed good optical transparency in the visible to near-infrared region. A device coupling the ZnO NC film with a p-type Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) NC film exhibited an obvious diode-like current–voltage behavior. The results suggest that the transparent ZnO film has a potentiality to be used for an n-type window layer in some optoelectronic applications.
The Role of Protein Kinase C β (PKCβ) in Breast Cancer (2013)

Pelotonia Undergraduate Fellowship Project
Radio announcing—A new speech technique? (1938)

(1938). Radio announcing—A new speech technique? The Southern Speech Journal: Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 1-4.
Configurable applications for satellite graphics (1976)

This paper advocates a configurable approach to software for satellite graphics in which the division of labor between the host and satellite computers can be easily changed after an application program has been written. A software system, CAGES (Configurable Applications for Graphics Employing Satellites), implements this approach. CAGES can substantially simplify the application programmer's task of programming a host and satellite computer by making the intercomputer interface relatively invisible to him, while at the same time allowing him the efficiency and flexibility that can result from direct application programming of the satellite computer.Proper design of configurable programs is facilitated by a mathematical model defining a pairwise measure of program module inter-dependence. Experience with this model has resulted in a set of programming guidelines that further aid the application programmer in producing a suitable program structure.
3-D Memristor Crossbars for Analog and Neuromorphic Computing Applications (2016)

We report a monolithically integrated 3-D metal-oxide memristor crossbar circuit suitable for analog, and in particular, neuromorphic computing applications. The demonstrated crossbar is based on Pt/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2-x</sub> /TiN/Pt memristors and consists of a stack of two passive 10 × 10 crossbars with shared middle electrodes. The fabrication process has a low, less than 175°C, temperature budget and includes a planarization step performed before the deposition of the second crossbar layer. These features greatly improve yield and uniformity of the crosspoint devices and allows for utilizing such a fabrication process for integration with CMOS circuits as well as for stacking of multiple crossbar layers. Furthermore, the integrated crosspoint memristors are optimized for analog computing applications allowing successful forming and switching of all 200 devices in the demonstrated crossbar circuit, and, most importantly, precise tuning of the devices' conductance values within the dynamic range of operation. We believe that the demonstrated work is an important milestone toward the implementation of analog artificial neural networks, specifically, those based on 3-D CMOL circuits.
Ultralong Raman Fiber Lasers as Virtually Lossless Optical Media (2006)

By transforming the optical fiber span into an ultralong cavity laser, we experimentally demonstrate quasilossless transmission over long (up to 75 km) distances and virtually zero signal power variation over shorter (up to 20 km) spans, opening the way for the practical implementation of integrable nonlinear systems in optical fiber. As a by-product of our technique, the longest ever laser (to the best of our knowledge) has been implemented, with a cavity length of 75 km. A simple theory of the lossless fiber span, in excellent agreement with the observed results, is presented.
Ultrahigh transmission optical nanofibers (2014)

We present a procedure for reproducibly fabricating ultrahigh transmission optical nanofibers (530 nm diameter and 84 mm stretch) with single-mode transmissions of 99.95 ± 0.02%, which represents a loss from tapering of 2.6 × 10−5 dB/mm when normalized to the entire stretch. When controllably launching the next family of higher-order modes on a fiber with 195 mm stretch, we achieve a transmission of 97.8 ± 2.8%, which has a loss from tapering of 5.0 × 10−4 dB/mm when normalized to the entire stretch. Our pulling and transfer procedures allow us to fabricate optical nanofibers that transmit more than 400 mW in high vacuum conditions. These results, published as parameters in our previous work, present an improvement of two orders of magnitude less loss for the fundamental mode and an increase in transmission of more than 300% for higher-order modes, when following the protocols detailed in this paper. We extract from the transmission during the pull, the only reported spectrogram of a fundamental mode launch that does not include excitation to asymmetric modes; in stark contrast to a pull in which our cleaning protocol is not followed. These results depend critically on the pre-pull cleanliness and when properly following our pulling protocols are in excellent agreement with simulations.
Melatonin Is a Potent Inhibitor for Myeloperoxidase (2008)

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) catalyzes the formation of potent oxidants that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases including atherosclerosis, asthma, arthritis, and cancer. Melatonin plays an important part in the regulation of various body functions including circadian sleep rhythms, blood pressure, oncogenesis, retinal function, seasonal reproduction, and immunity. Here, we demonstrate that melatonin serves as a potent inhibitor of MPO under physiological-like conditions. In the presence of chloride (Cl-), melatonin inactivated MPO at two points in the classic peroxidase cycle through binding to MPO to form an inactive complex, melatonin-MPO-Cl, and accelerating MPO compound II formation, an inactive form of MPO. Inactivation of MPO was mirrored by the direct conversion of MPO-Fe(III) to MPO compound II without any sign of compound I accumulation. This behavior indicates that melatonin binding modulates the formation of MPO intermediates and their decay rates. The Cl- presence enhanced the affinity of MPO toward melatonin, which switches the enzyme activity from peroxidation to catalase-like activity. In the absence of Cl-, melatonin served as a 1e- substrate for MPO compound I, but at higher concentration it limited the reaction by its dissociation from the corresponding complex. Importantly, melatonin-dependent inhibition of MPO occurred with a wide range of concentrations that span various physiological and supplemental ranges. Thus, the interplay between MPO and melatonin may have a broader implication in the function of several biological systems. This dual regulation by melatonin is unique and represents a new means through which melatonin can control MPO and its downstream inflammatory pathways.
Identification of serum and urine proteins responsible for enhanced pigment production by group B streptococci as amylases (1996)

The serum and urine proteins responsible for enhanced pigment production in Streptococcus agalactiae in culture media were purified by chromatography and were identified as amylases by comparison of their amino acid composition with that calculated for proteins with known sequences. Similar pigment-enhancing activity was displayed by other amylases of nonanimal origin and by maltooligosaccharides.
Immune Responses to Bordetella pertussis Infection and Vaccination (1991)

To assess antibody and cellular immune responses, 156 healthy children were immunized at approximately 18 months of age with acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine. Changes in antibody responses to filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and to pertussis toxin (PT) were similar in pattern, and antibody titers reached values equal to those from patients with convalescent-stage pertussis. The FHA-induced DNA synthesis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was maximum at 4 weeks after the primary series, and these levels were equal to those of patients with pertussis. High amounts of PT-induced DNA synthesis were observed in both immunized and nonimmunized children; thus, PT seemed to act mainly as a nonspecific mitogen. Almost the same responses to several mitogens that activate different subsets of lymphocytes were observed in young infants compared with older children. Furthermore, young infants who had Bordetella pertussis infection responded by FHA stimulation almost as well as older children.