gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Screening and Early Detection for Genitourinary Cancer (2004)

Genitourinary (GU) cancers constitute a significant fraction of all neoplastic disease. GU cancers include neoplasms of the prostate, bladder, kidney, testis, ureter, urethra, adrenal, penis, and testicular adnexae. Among the tumors represented, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and testicular cancer is the most common cancer in men between the ages of 15 and 30. Like most other tumors, survival of virtually all of these sites is directly related to stage at diagnosis. (In the case of testicular cancer, although survival is excellent even for advanced disease, the extent of therapy required for advanced disease is extremely more complicated and morbid than for disease localized to the testis.) It is for this reason that concerted early detection efforts for some of these tumors has been suggested.
Quantitative evaluation of “mura” in liquid crystal displays (2004)

The visual performance of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) has usually been evaluated by visual inspection during the manufacturing process. One of the visual problems hardest to recognize are regions of low contrast and nonuniform brightness called mura. The accurate and consistent detection of the mura is extremely difficult because there are various shapes and sizes of mura and the inspection results tend to depend on the operators. We conducted a study on the quantitative evaluation of mura based on visual analysis, intending to clarify the detection method and create an automated mura inspection process. We developed an algorithm and a hardware system based on a commercially available charge-coupled-device camera and a personal computer system with an image processor board. This system can successfully identify and evaluate mura. The algorithm was developed from research on visual analysis and human perception. We converted the front-of-screen images from the LCDs into distributions of luminance information, and the mura regions were distinguished from the background area using our novel algorithm. Our identification method can also distinguish between the muras caused by flaws in the LCD cells and the intentionally designed nonuniform luminance distribution of the backlight.
A vibrotactile feedback approach to posture guidance (2010)

In this paper, we explore the use of vibrotactile haptic feedback to improve performance of a sensory-motor task. Our specific application is seated posture guidance. Poor sitting postures, over time, can lead to health concerns such as low back pain. We propose a real-time haptic feedback system that actively senses and guides a person to a desired posture. We have instrumented an ergonomic office chair with a simple system using 7 force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) for posture detection and 6 vibrotactile actuators (“tactors”) for haptic feedback. When the chair detects that the subject is not sitting in the desired posture, one or more tactors will vibrate, directing the subject towards or away from a certain position. In a pilot study of 10 subjects (age 23.9±1.45, weight 71.1±13.6kg, height 175±11.2cm), 100% sat in the reference posture (upright) more often when there was haptic feedback than when there was not. Additionally, when haptic feedback was temporarily disabled without the subject's knowledge, all of the subjects continued to sit in upright or near-upright postures. These findings suggest that vibrotactile feedback can be an effective means of communicating musculoskeletal commands to the human sensory-motor system, especially for motor training and rehabilitation.
State of the art of TiO2 containing cementitious materials: self-cleaning properties (2010)

Due to the physico-chemical characteristics of cementitious materials the aesthetic quality of these materials tend to decrease easily. On the other hand, the photocatalytic activity produced by TiO2 loaded cementitious materials have recently allowed them to include self-cleaning and air-purifying properties. However, because a better understanding of these properties is still needed, only a limited number of these materials is present in the construction market. As a strategy to improve this situation, non standards tests based on photodegradation of organic dyes have become widely used to evaluate the photocatalytic action of the different materials. Today, a wide spectrum of non easily comparable results have been produced. In order to improve this situation, this paper focuses on the description of the developed laboratory tests as well as on the evaluation of the self-cleaning potential of the first buildings containing TiO2. Finally, future research challenges in this field are identified.
Intravesical Gemcitabine Therapy for Superficial Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study (2003)

Intravesical gemcitabine, at doses up to 2 g/wk, is well tolerated, is associated with minimal systemic absorption, and has promising efficacy in treatment of superficial bladder cancer.
A Singular Fixed-Point Homotopy MethodtoLocate the Closest Unstable Equilibrium Point for Transient Stability Region Estimate (2004)

The closest unstable equilibrium point (UEP) method is a well-known direct method of the Lyapunov type for optimally estimating stability regions of nonlinear dynamical systems. One key step involved in the closest UEP methodology is the computation of the closest unstable equilibrium point that has the lowest Lyapunov function value on the stability boundary. In this paper, a new computational algorithm to compute the closest UEP is presented. The proposed algorithm is based on a homotopy-continuation method combined with the singular fixed-point strategy. Numerical simulation results show that the algorithm outperforms previously reported existing techniques.
TTF-1, Cytokeratin 7, 34βE12, and CD56/NCAM Immunostaining in the Subclassification of Large Cell Carcinomas of the Lung (2004)

We selected a 4-stain immunopanel including thyroid transcription factor (7ITF)-], cytokeratin (CK)7, 34betaE12, and CD56/neural cell adhesion molecule(NCAM) to subclassify a series of 45 pulmonary large cell carcinomas (LCCs) on bronchial biopsy. All cases consisted of a large tumor cell proliferation with abundant cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemically, 27 tumors (60%)were subclassified as adenocarcinoma (7TF-1 +/CK7+,24; CK7+ only, 3), 10 (22%) as squamous cell carcinoma (34betaE12+ only), and 4 (9%) as LCC with neuroendocrine differentiation (CD56+, variably stained with TTF-I and CK7, 34betaE12-). In 4 cases, the tumors coexpressed CK7 and 34betaE12 (3 cases) or were completely unstained (I case). Surgically resected tumors matched exactly with the corresponding original biopsy specimens in 21 of 23 cases; consistent CD56 expression was a reliable marker in confirming a diagnosis of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma even on biopsy. Our results suggest that the proposed 4-stainset of commercially available markers might help subclassify LCC even in small biopsy material, validating expression-profiling studies aimed at lung cancer classification and permitting more consistent patient enrollment for trials with targeted treatments.
Learning to Discover Social Circles in Ego Networks (2012)

Our personal social networks are big and cluttered, and currently there is no good way to organize them. Social networking sites allow users to manually categorize their friends into social circles (e.g. 'circles' on Google+, and 'lists' on Facebook and Twitter), however they are laborious to construct and must be updated whenever a user's network grows. We define a novel machine learning task of identifying users' social circles. We pose the problem as a node clustering problem on a user's ego-network, a network of connections between her friends. We develop a model for detecting circles that combines network structure as well as user profile information. For each circle we learn its members and the circle-specific user profile similarity metric. Modeling node membership to multiple circles allows us to detect overlapping as well as hierarchically nested circles. Experiments show that our model accurately identifies circles on a diverse set of data from Facebook, Google+, and Twitter for all of which we obtain hand-labeled ground-truth.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE UNIVERSITIES TO THE TEACHING OF MANAGEMENT. (1960)

Keywords CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITIES, TEACHING, MANAGEMENT, EDUCATION, MANAGERS, POSTGRADUATE, ENGINEERS, COURSES, STUDENTS, MATHEMATICS, INDUSTRIAL, ORGANISATION, FIRMS, COMPANIES, ECONOMICS, SOCIAL, QUANTITATIVE, INDUSTRIES... Show All
AN AUSTRALIA‐WIDE OUTBREAK OF GASTROENTERITIS FROM OYSTERS CAUSED BY NORWALK VIRUS (1979)

At least 2000 persons were involved in an Australia-wide outbreak of oyster-associated food poisoning in June and July, 1978. At the time, this episode presented a major health risk to the community as a whole and has subsequently posed a serious economic problem for the oyster farming and distributing industry. Although bacteriological investigations indicated some batches of oysters were contaminated by sewage, no bacterial cause could be established. The causative organism was shown to be Norwalk virus, a known cause of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis. This virus was found in 39% of faecal specimens examined by electron microscopy and an antibody response was demonstrated by immune electron microscopy in 75% of paired sera tested. Norwalk virus has not been identified previously outside the United States of America and has not been linked to food-borne gastroenteritis before. Purification of oysters and other measures have been instituted to prevent a recurrence of the outbreak.
Automatic Content-based Indexing of Digital Documents through Intelligent Processing Techniques (2006)

The availability of large, heterogeneous repositories of electronic documents is increasing rapidly, and the need for flexible, sophisticated document manipulation tools is growing correspondingly. This work presents DOMINUS a system for automated electronic documents processing characterized by the intensive exploitation of intelligent techniques in each step of the process from document acquisition in electronic format to document indexing for categorization and information retrieval purposes. It embeds incremental learning techniques useful in the context of web libraries where documents are acquired in an incremental fashion. Since the system is general and flexible, it can be embedded as a document management engine into many different domain-specific applications. Here, we present the exploitation of the system on the conference management domain, and show how DOMINUS can usefully support some of the more critical and knowledge-intensive tasks involved by the organization of a scientific conference
Pre-Congestion Notification marking (2006)

Pre-Congestion Notification (PCN) builds on the concepts of RFC 3168, "The addition of Explicit Congestion Notification to IP". However, Pre-Congestion Notification aims at providing notification before any congestion actually occurs. Pre-Congestion Notification is applied to real-time flows (such as voice, video and multimedia streaming) in DiffServ networks. As described in [CL-DEPLOY], it enables "pre" congestion control through two procedures, flow admission control and flow pre-emption. The draft proposes algorithms that determine when a PCN-enabled router writes Admission Marking and Pre-emption Marking in a packet header, depending on the traffic level. The draft also proposes how to encode these markings. We present simulation results with PCN working in an edge-to-edge scenario using the marking algorithms described. Other marking algorithms will be investigated in the future.
Real-time monitoring of enzymatic hydrolysis of galactomannans (2001)

Enzymatic hydrolysis was monitored in real-time using time dependent static light scattering (TDSLS) for a variety of galactomannans from native Brazilian flora. alpha-Galactosidase, which strips only the (1-6)alpha-D galactose side groups, and beta-mannanase, which hydrolyses only the (1-4)beta-D mannan main chain into oligosaccharides were investigated separately and in combination. The time-dependent signatures matched those describing side-chain stripping for galactosidase, whereas those resulting from the action of mannanase followed the signature typical of random backbone cleavage. Use of both enzymes together required that the TDSLS theory of polymer degradation be extended to the case where random backbone cleavage sites appear as side chains are stripped by the first enzyme. Whereas galactosidase allowed mannanase to access more backbone cleavage sites as time passes, leading to a higher degree of hydrolysis, there was no increase in rate constants. The distribution of random fragments in the case of mannanase digestion alone followed reasonably well the predictions for random cleavage of a single-strand polymer with a restricted number of cleavage sites. The fragment distributions were evaluated by size exclusion chromatography.
Optimal training sequences for channel estimation in MIMO OFDM systems in mobile wireless channels (2003)

This paper describes a channel estimation and tracking scheme for MIMO OFDM systems based on pilot tones. The mean square error of the proposed scheme is derived, and through this we derive optimal training sequences and placement of the pilot tones. It is shown in this paper that the minimum mean square error (MMSE) is obtained with equispaced pilot tones in frequency, equipowered, orthogonal and phase shift orthogonal training sequences. For channels with large excess delay the number of pilot tones required for training is quite large, though a scheme for channel estimation over multiple blocks is proposed. Through simulations it is shown that the optimal training sequences derived in this paper outperform both the random and orthogonal training sequences which appear to be suboptimal. Moreover, an RLS like method is also proposed to enhance channel estimation.
Detecting epigenetic motifs in low coverage and metagenomics settings (2014)

https://github.com/alibashir/EMMCKmer.
Light-induced optical waveguide uptapers (1993)

Permanent uptapers have been produced in a UV-cured epoxy by a self-induced waveguide, created by exposure to cw 532-nm light. The photorefractive effect in this material produces high-quality, low-loss waveguides, which adiabatically taper to give spot sizes of as much as 50 μm diameter. The waveguides can be used at 1550 nm to form low-cost beam expanders with separations of a few millimeters.
The effect of natural environments upon agitation and aggression in late stage dementia patients (1997)

Agitated aggressive behavior in late stage dementia occurs in 30 to 50 percent of patients. This behavior often results in the use of chemical and physical restraints (which have a high degree of untoward side effects) and caregiver burnout. Interventions for agitated aggressive behavior are needed that do not have these side effects, which are readily available in nursing homes and are effective and acceptable to caregivers. Environmental psychologists have proposed that natural elements within the environment decrease agitation in the nondemented as well as the demented Since the shower bath is often a time of great agitation in dementia patients, natural elements were used to modify care during the shower bath (n = 31). There was a significant decrease in mean difference scores from baseline to treatments one and two, with the treatment group demonstrating an overall decline in agitated aggressive behavior Additional randomized trials of the effects of natural environments upon agitation and aggression in dementia are needed.
Nutrient Digestion, Ruminal Fermentation, and Plasma Lipids in Steers Fed Combinations of Hydrogenated Fat and Lecithin (1990)

Commercial soybean lecithin replaced hydrogenated fat in steer diets to determine if phospholipids enhance fatty acid digestion and microbial fermentation in ruminants. Four diets were fed in a 4 x 4 Latin square to four Angus steers with ruminal cannula. One diet contained no added fat (control) and three contained hydrogenated fat and lecithin in weight ratios of 100:0, 86:14, and 72:28. All diets with added fat had lower fatty acid digestibilities compared with the control diet with no difference due to level of lecithin. Ruminal acetate and acetate:propionate ratios were reduced by all fat supplements but reduced less for the supplements containing lecithin. Plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were increased from dietary fat but not increased as much if lecithin were present in the diet. Feeding lecithin to ruminants does not improve digestibility of hydrogenated fats that are highly saturated.
[Future perspectives of Japanese Society of Nephrology]. (1994)

The Japanese Society of Nephrology is established in 1958 by Drs Oshima, Yoshitoshi and Ueda and since then has grown to the current membership over 6,000. The Society has recently been incorporated and is expected to play a more leadership role in clinical practice, research, education and training of professionals in nephrology and in dissemination of new knowledge to the public domain. The strength and growth of the Society have been clearly seen in the quality and the number of publications by its membership to such prestigious journals as Kidney International and American Journal of Physiology, and submission of abstracts to the annual meeting of the American Society of Nephrology. Proposals for the future of the Society are briefly outlined.
Theory of synergistic effects: Hill-type response surfaces as ‘null-interaction’ models for mixtures (2017)

The Hill response surface ansatz contains the Loewe additivity concept as a special case and is incompatible with Bliss independent action. Hence, when synergistic effects are claimed, those dose combinations deserve special attention where the differences between independent action approaches and Hill estimations are large.
Colloidal Clay Gelation: Relevance to Current Oil Sands Operations (2012)

Abstract Ultrafines are predominantly delaminated colloidal clays with dimensions <0.3 μm that exist naturally in oil sands and are released during conditioning of surface-mined ores. Critical concentrations of these ultrafines and the cations present in process water are capable of forming flocculated structures with a very high water holding capacity. During primary separation of bitumen these ultrafines are detrimental to recovery as a result of increased slurry viscosity as well as through slime coating of released bitumen. Disposition into tailings ponds eventually produces mature fine tailings (MFT) as a result of thixotropic gel formation that entraps coarser solids. The ultrafines concentration of ~3 wt% observed in MFT coincides with the critical gelation concentration determined for suspensions of ultrafines in salt solutions with cationic concentrations representative of that in pond water. This observation accounts for 100% of the water holding capacity of MFT and also explains why virtually no water is released once an MFT gel state has been formed. Here, we review earlier research in this area and identify the harmful effects of ultrafines in some current problematic ores.
Progressive horizon planning-planning exploratory-corrective behavior (1993)

TraumAID is a consultation system for the diagnosis and treatment of multiple trauma. It integrates diagnostic reasoning, planning, and action. Its reasoner identifies diagnostic and therapeutic goals appropriate to the physician's knowledge of the patient's state, while its planner advises on beneficial actions to next perform. The physician's lack of complete knowledge of the situation and the time limitations of emergency medicine constrain the ability of any planner to identify what would be the best thing to do. TraumAID's Progressive Horizon Planner has been designed to create a plan for patient care that is in keeping with the standards of managing trauma.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High-speed photoluminescence mapping of III-V epitaxial layers for light emitting diodes (2002)

Photoluminescence (PL) mapping has been developed at the Hewlett-Packard Optoelectronics Division as a non-destructive characterization tool for the evaluation of III-V semiconductor epitaxial layer uniformity in light emitting diode (LED) devices. It has been used as an aid in the development of new epitaxial growth processes and as a quality screening method for cost reduction in a high volume manufacturing line. The design and characterization of a high-speed full wafer PL mapping system based on an optical multichannel analyzer is discussed. This system allows simultaneous mapping of peak wavelength, PL power and power uniformity at several hundred points per wafer in under 10 minutes. Three examples are given of the application of this tool in a combined development/manufacturing environment. In the development of a new MOCVD AlInGaP epitaxial growth process it is being used to evaluate epi reactor designs, gas flow dynamics and the effect of substrate rotation on uniformity. In a well-established production VPE GaAsP epi process PL mapping is routinely used to get rapid feedback on the effect of minor process variations made to improve uniformity. Finally, as a manufacturing tool in high volume production lines, PL mapping can be used to reduce product costs by screening epi into LED product lines with different uniformity requirements.
Localization of Mobile Robots Using Odometry and an External Vision Sensor (2010)

This paper presents a sensor system for robot localization based on the information obtained from a single camera attached in a fixed place external to the robot. Our approach firstly obtains the 3D geometrical model of the robot based on the projection of its natural appearance in the camera while the robot performs an initialization trajectory. This paper proposes a structure-from-motion solution that uses the odometry sensors inside the robot as a metric reference. Secondly, an online localization method based on a sequential Bayesian inference is proposed, which uses the geometrical model of the robot as a link between image measurements and pose estimation. The online approach is resistant to hard occlusions and the experimental setup proposed in this paper shows its effectiveness in real situations. The proposed approach has many applications in both the industrial and service robot fields.
Key-component Detection on 3D Meshes using Local Features (2012)

In this paper, we present a method to detect stable components on 3D meshes. A component is a region on the mesh which contains discriminative local features. Our goal is to represent a 3D mesh with a set of regions, which we called key-components, that characterize the represented object and therefore, they could be used for effective matching and recognition. As key-components are features in coarse scales, they are less sensitive to mesh deformations such as noise. In addition, the number of key-components is low compared to other local representations such as keypoints, allowing us to use them in efficient subsequent tasks. An desirable characteristic of a decomposition is that the components should be repeatable regardless shape transformations. We show in the experiments that the key-components are repeatable under several transformations using the SHREC'2010 feature detection benchmark.
Short-term Comparison of Cervical Fusion With Static and Dynamic Plating Using Computerized Motion Analysis (2007)

Computerized evaluation of digitized films can improve the accuracy and reproducibility of the analysis of anterior cervical fusion. An angular threshold of 2 degrees was selected for this purpose. This study showed that the rate of fusion with a dynamic plate was similar to that of the static plate despite the use of allograft bone with the dynamic plate. In addition, this study found that successful fusions continued to evolve throughout the first year following surgery.