gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NUMA-aware shared-memory collective communication for MPI (2013)

As the number of cores per node keeps increasing, it becomes increasingly important for MPI to leverage shared memory for intranode communication. This paper investigates the design and optimizations of MPI collectives for clusters of NUMA nodes. We develop performance models for collective communication using shared memory, and we develop several algorithms for various collectives. Experiments are conducted on both Xeon X5650 and Opteron 6100 InfiniBand clusters. The measurements agree with the model and indicate that different algorithms dominate for short vectors and long vectors. We compare our shared-memory allreduce with several traditional MPI implementations -- Open MPI, MPICH2, and MVAPICH2 -- that utilize system shared memory to facilitate interprocess communication. On a 16-node Xeon cluster and 8-node Opteron cluster, our implementation achieves on average 2.5X and 2.3X speedup over MVAPICH2, respectively. Our techniques enable an efficient implementation of collective operations on future multi- and manycore systems.
Minerva: March 2002 (2002)

Minerva enjoys a good foot massage, but results from a small, single blind trial of reflexology for irritable bowel syndrome do little to dispel her scepticism about the therapy. Reflexology made no difference—statistically or clinically—to the experience of pain, altered bowel habit, or abdominal distension ( British Journal of General Practice 2002;52:19-23). As this trial was designed in consultation with reflexology practitioners, their claims of success in cases where orthodox medicine has failed may have to be reassessed.

Patients sometimes get more than they bargained for when they're admitted to hospital. It's been suggested that on entering hospital each patient should be automatically warned about the 10% risk of nosocomial infections, because the consequences of not providing a warning might result in legal action on the issue of consent to treatment. But such warnings could result in a massive loss of confidence because hospital treatment is designed to cure or alleviate dangerous conditions, not make things worse ( Clinical Risk 2001;7:242).

Having recently needed an inhaler and discovered for herself just how tricky they can be to use, Minerva was worried to discover that …
Thermal cycling, oxidation behaviour and mechanical properties of graded and duplex PSZ TBC coatings (1995)

Plasma sprayed duplex and graded ZrO{sub 2} thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) on an Inconel 617 substrate with a NiCrAlY bond coat were investigated and compared with regard to their thermal cycling, oxidation behaviour and mechanical properties. On the basis of FE - calculations the stress distribution within thermally cycled coating systems was analyzed. The calculations show that the graded coating structure relaxes considerably the stresses resulting from the internal constraint due to thermal expansion difference between both metallic and ceramic materials and hence must lead to a better thermal cycling behaviour of the graded TBC systems. Mechanical tests confirm it. However, taking into account their poor oxidation behaviour, the lifetime of duplex TBC systems which are under steady-state thermal load conditions is much higher than that of graded ones.
Diagnosis of vocal and voice disorders by the speech signal (2000)

We present a neural network application to the diagnosis of vocal and voice disorders, these disorders should be diagnosed in the early stage and normally cause changes in the voice signal. So we use acoustic parameters extracted from the voice as inputs for the neural network. In this paper, we focus our application on the distinction between pathologic and nonpathologic voices. The performance of the neural network is very good, 100% percent correct in the test. Furthermore, we have used neural network techniques to reduce the initial number of inputs (35), we conclude that only two acoustic parameters are needed for the classification between normal and pathological voices. The application can be a very useful diagnostic tool because it is noninvasive, makes possible to develop an automatic computer-based diagnosis system, is objective and can also be useful for evaluation of surgical, pharmacological and rehabilitation processes. Finally, we discuss the limitation of our work and possible future research.
On the Accuracy and Completeness of the Record Matching Process. (2000)

The role of data resources in today&apos;s business environment is multi-faceted. Primarily, they support the operational needs of an organization or a company. Secondarily, they can be used for decision support and management. The quality of the data, used to support the operational needs, is usually below the quality required for decision support and management.
Electrostatic Potential Surface Analysis of the Transition State for AMP Nucleosidase and for Formycin 5'-Phosphate, a Transition-State Inhibitor (1994)

AMP nucleosidase hydrolyzes the N-glycosidic bond of AMP to yield adenine and ribose 5-phosphate. Kinetic isotope effects have been used to establish an experimentally based transition-state structure for the native enzyme and a Vmax mutant [Mentch, F., Parkin, D. W., & Schramm, V. L. (1987) Biochemistry 26, 921-930; Parkin, D. W., Mentch, F., Banks, G. A., Horenstein, B. A., & Schramm, V. L. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 4586-4594]. The transition states are characterized by weak reaction coordinate bonds to C1' and substantial carbocation character in the ribose ring. The N9-C1' bond to the leaving group is nearly broken and the adenine ring is protonated at the transition state. Formycin 5'-phosphate and other purine nucleoside 5'-phosphate analogues with syn-glycosyl torsion angles bind better than substrate, supporting a syn configuration in the enzyme-substrate complex and presumably in the transition state [Giranda, V. L., Berman, H. M., & Schramm, V. L. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 5813-5818]. Access to a geometric model of the transition state permits the analysis of its molecular electrostatic potential surface as enforced by the enzyme. Comparison of the molecular electrostatic potential surfaces for AMP, formycin 5'-phosphate, and the transition state reveals a striking similarity in the surface charges of formycin 5'-phosphate and the transition state. The enzyme-stabilized transition state for AMP hydrolysis is characterized by new positive electrostatic potential in the adenine ring as a result of protonation by the enzyme. This is closely matched by the protonated pyrazole ring of formycin 5'-phosphate. The molecular electrostatic potential surfaces of formycin 5'-phosphate and the transition state for AMP are similar and are likely to be a factor in the Km/Ki value of > 10(3) for formycin 5'-phosphate as a transition-state inhibitor of AMP nucleosidase.
Synthetic Oligonucleotide Combinatorlal Libraries - Tools For Studying Nucleic Acid Interactions (1997)

Abstract This paper gives an overview of methods available for, and difficulties encountered in the preparation of synthetic oligonucleotide combinatorial libraries. The application of libraries immobilized to high-load beads to the screening of specific two-component (nucleic acid / nucleic acid) and three-component (ds nucleic acidprotein) interactions is described. The effector oligonucleotides immobilized to a single bead are identified by direct Maxam-Gilbert sequencing.
A Review of Fluid-Driven Pipeline Pigs and their Applications (2007)

Abstract Pigs are devices that, propelled by fluid flow, travel through pipelines in order to remove deposits, displace product, and inspect or maintain the line. Although first developed for use in the hydrocarbon industries, pigs have been adopted by many fluid handling and process industries. The growing desire for shorter batch runs and increased flexibility of plant as well as demands for greater efficiency and reduced waste have renewed interest in pigging systems within these industries. This paper provides some background to pigs and explains why pigging systems are used as well as why they are not. A review is made of the different types of pigs, their functions, and features. The most common types of pigs are considered as well as some of the specialist pigs that have been designed for specific tasks. Also, the more recent development of non-solid pigs is covered; these include gel pigs for use in the hydrocarbon industries and ice pigs for use in the fluid products and process industries.
Optimized Friction Drive Controller for a Multi-DOF Ultrasonic Nanopositioner (2004)

This paper presents a new generation of compliant multi-degrees-of-freedom piezoelectric nanopositioner for positioning, transport, alignment of micro-objects under the field of view of a microscope. It is based on the cooperation of arrayed direct-drive standing-wave ultrasonic actuators (microSWUMs). A number of nonlinearities exist in the actuator due to its macro- and microdynamics. An optimized friction drive multidimensional controller is proposed based on a closed-loop electromagnetic field-based preload controller ensuring optimal preload, and a feedforward pulsewidth modulation (PWM) controller with input shaping for driving force control. These techniques are applied to reduce the effects of low-speed-low-force instabilities due to stick-slip and friction pairs which lead to output oscillations during nanometric stepping motion. The closed-loop positioning system designed with microSWUMs produced 10-nm resolution and 5% displacement repeatability in a low-speed-low-force region; unlimited travel with velocities of 0.3 m.s/sup -1/ and driving forces around 2 mN in a high-speed-high-force region.
A dictionary-intensive letter-to-sound program (1985)

We treat the letter-to-sound problem as that of deriving all regularly inflected forms of English words from a dictionary of base forms. A computer program must perform all lexical operations a human might have to perform in using an abridged desk dictionary. Of course this includes addition of “s.” “es,” “d,” “ed,” “er,” and “ing,” with their accompanying sound changes, deletions of mate “e,” and changes from “y”to “i.” The program must also handle other forms. Stress-neutral endings like “less” and “ness” are quite simple. Four other types of endings, exemplified by “ation,” “ity,” “ian,” and “ency,” are more complex—reordering stress within the base word, and causing vowel shifts and consonant sound change. The problems with these endings are much like those for straight letter-to-sound rules, but with pronunciations of base form and ending as available information. With prefixes and compounds, the relative stress of constituent parts will depend on the intended part of speech for the target word, and on the properties of the parts. Final vowels of Greek prefixes may or may not reduce to schwa, depending on properties of the base forms they modify. With a programmed dictionary driver, we are currently finding ∼99.9% of words in the Brown corpus (excluding proper names and misspellings)—∼75% from exact dictionary entries, and the rest by derivation. We default to Mark Liberman's Name-Say program for words not found or derived.
Data Farming Process and Initial Network Analysis Capabilities (2016)

Data Farming, network applications and approaches to integrate network analysis and processes to the data farming paradigm are presented as approaches to address complex system questions. Data Farming is a quantified approach that examines questions in large possibility spaces using modeling and simulation. It evaluates whole landscapes of outcomes to draw insights from outcome distributions and outliers. Social network analysis and graph theory are widely used techniques for the evaluation of social systems. Incorporation of these techniques into the data farming process provides analysts examining complex systems with a powerful new suite of tools for more fully exploring and understanding the effect of interactions in complex systems. The integration of network analysis with data farming techniques provides modelers with the capability to gain insight into the effect of network attributes, whether the network is explicitly defined or emergent, on the breadth of the model outcome space and the effect of model inputs on the resultant network statistics.
Development of passive microvalves by the finite element method (1995)

The combination of a stiff titanium membrane and a flexible polyimide membrane was used to form a check valve for a micropump. This work is concerned with calculating the performance of such a microvalve and modifying its design so that instead of acting as an inlet valve, it functions as an outlet valve. It will be demonstrated here by application of the finite element method how design solutions can be found to this problem. Both the deflection behavior of the microvalve membrane exposed to the pressure and the stresses generated at the clamping points of the membrane structures have been calculated.
Plasmid Vaccine Expressing Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Attracts Infiltrates Including Immature Dendritic Cells into Injected Muscles (2000)

Abstract Plasmid-encoded GM-CSF (pGM-CSF) is an adjuvant for genetic vaccines; however, little is known about how pGM-CSF enhances immunogenicity. We now report that pGM-CSF injected into mouse muscle leads to a local infiltration of potential APCs. Infiltrates reached maximal size on days 3 to 5 after injection and appeared in several large discrete clusters within the muscle. Immunohistological studies in muscle sections from mice injected with pGM-CSF showed staining of cells with the macrophage markers CD11b, Mac-3, IAd/Ed and to the granulocyte marker GR-1 from day 1 through day 14. Cells staining with the dendritic cell marker CD11c were detected only on days 3 to 5. Muscles injected with control plasmids did not stain for CD11c but did stain for CD11b, Mac-3, IAd/Ed, and GR-1. No staining was observed with the APC activation markers, B7.1 or CD40, or with markers for T or B cells. These findings are consistent with the infiltrating cells in the pGM-CSF-injected muscles being a mixture of neutrophils, macrophages, and immature dendritic cells and suggest that the i.m. APCs may be enhancing immune responses to coinjected plasmid Ags. This hypothesis is supported by data showing that 1) separation of injections with pGM-CSF and Ag-expressing plasmid into different sites did not enhance immune responses and 2) immune enhancement was associated with the presence of CD11c+ cells in the infiltrates. Thus, pGM-CSF enhancement may depend on APC recruitment to the i.m. site of injection.
New joint design for three-dimensional hyper redundant robots (2004)

This paper presents a novel compact design for a two degrees of freedom (DOF) joint mechanism. The joint is optimized for compactness, strength and range of motion which makes it ideal for constructing spatial or three-dimensional hyper redundant robots. We also identify and classify various prior joint designs that led to the development of this new concept. Finally, we present the joint forward kinematics, and force and torque calculations to verify the joint's range of motion and mechanical advantage.
Liberar el código fuente (2010)

espanolEl proceso de investigacion es parte de la creacion, de su documentacion, de su produccion y de su comunicacion. Y mas en un territorio por explorar, como el de la cultura digital. Los formatos se multiplican y las experiencias se hacen transparentes para aprender remezclando en tiempo real. Los proyectos que se generan deben formar parte de un procomun donde circular. La investigacion se abre, se hace visible y lo que es mas importante, se transforma en una accion permanente. En este nuevo escenario, en esta cultura digital, hay que �reinventar la vida cotidiana�, abrir parpados, oidos, narices; poner atencion con todos los sentidos, porque nuestra experiencia no cabe ya solamente en la secuencia de la palabra impresa y porque nos relacionamos de un modo distinto a como lo soliamos hacer; en el caso de la investigacion, es un proceso que puede, o mejor debe, suceder en cualquier momento y en cualquier lugar. Y de cualquier forma. Es hora de liberar el codigo fuente y expandir la autoridad. EnglishThe process of research is part of the creation, of its documentation, of its production and of its communication. More in a territory to explore as the Digital Culture is. Based on own experience, we discuss a series of ideas on how to do research in this new environment.
Effect of image colourspace on performance of convolution neural networks (2017)

Recently the term Deep Learning has been creating a lot of interest in the fields of Artificial Intelligence, Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing. And especially the Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) are giving state of art results in image recognition, scene understanding, object detection and image description etc. Generally in CNN the processing of images is done in RGB colourspace even though we have many other colourspaces available. In this paper we try to understand the effect of image colourspace on the performance of CNN models in recognizing the objects present in the image. We evaluate this on CIFAR10 dataset, by converting all the original RGB images into four other colourspaces like HLS, HSV, LUV, YUV etc. To compare results we have trained AlexNet with fixed set of parameters on all five colourspaces, including RGB. We have observed that LUV colourspace is the best alternative to RGB colourspace to use with CNN models with almost equal performance on the test set of CIFAR10 dataset. While YUV colourspace is the worst to use with CNN models.
Effects of dietary fiber with <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> lilac-01 on bowel movement and fecal properties of healthy volunteers with a tendency for constipation (2014)

To elucidate the effects of Lilac LAB (Bacillus coagulans lilac-01 and okara [soy pulp] powder) on bowel movements/fecal properties, we conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial with healthy Japanese volunteers with a tendency for constipation (n = 297). The subjects ingested 2 g/d placebo (okara powder) or test food (Lilac LAB, 1 × 10(8) CFU) once a day for 2 weeks. In the test group of functionally constipated subjects, the changes in the average scores of self-reported fecal size, sensation of incomplete evacuation, and defecation frequency were significantly improved compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05), and fecal color and odor tended to improve (p = 0.07). In the test food group of all subjects and among the non-functionally constipated subjects, the fecal size tended to improve compared to the placebo group (p = 0.06, p = 0.07, respectively). Lilac LAB was effective in improving bowel movements and fecal properties in functionally constipated persons.
Deconvolution and total least squares in finding the impulse response of an electromagnetic system from measured data (1995)

Total least squares (TLS) is a method of solving over-determined sets of linear equations AX/spl ap/b when there are errors both in the observation vector b(m/spl times/1) and in the data matrix A(m/spl times/n). This method is particularly useful when the data matrix A is singular or highly ill conditioned. We present the method of finding the TLS by applying the singular value decomposition to the discrete deconvolution problem. Numerical results are presented for finding the impulse response of a transmission line from experimental data. The advantage of this approach is that this method can be automated based on the signal to noise ratio of the measured data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
LTE and WiFi co-existence in 5 GHz unlicensed band (2017)

Since the future mobile networks will require significantly higher data throughput, and the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) licensed bands are already occupied, the frequency band extension and the data rate increase may be achieved by using some of the available unlicensed bands. The most appropriate unlicensed band for this purpose lies in 5 GHz frequency range. However, this unlicensed band is already occupied by WiFi networks and a special attention has to be paid to coordinate these two different networks in the shared spectrum usage. Therefore, this paper considers the shared access co-existence in 5 GHz unlicensed band between uncoordinated LTE and WiFi networks. More precisely, it considers the influence of the LTE downlink transmission on the performance of the WiFi networks. The experimental results show that the LTE significantly degrades the WiFi network performance, which means that some of the coordination algorithms have to be employed.
Characterization of the MN/CA 9 promoter proximal region: a role for specificity protein (SP) and activator protein 1 (AP1) factors (2001)

MN/CA IX (MN) is a tumour-associated isoenzyme of the carbonic anhydrase family. Previous deletion analysis of the MN promoter established that protected regions (PRs) 1 and 2 are crucial for its transcriptional activity. Computer-assisted searching indicated putative binding sites for activator protein (AP) 2 and specificity protein (SP) 1 transcription factors, plus a CACCC box in PR1 and an AP1 site in PR2. PR1 produced four complexes in electrophoretic mobility-shift assay (EMSA) with HeLa nuclear extracts. Of these, three were completely competed with the SP1 and transforming growth factor-β retinoblastoma control-element CACCC box (RCE) probes, whereas the AP2 probe competed against the same three complexes partially. Supershift EMSA identified SP1 in the complex 1 and SP3 in the complexes 2 and 4. Point mutations in the SP1 site abrogated the PR1 function, while mutations affecting the overlapping CACCC box/AP2 site in PR1had minor effect on MN promoter activity. Block-replaced MN promoter mutants that had a consensus binding site (SP1 or AP2) or the RCE in place of PR1 demonstrated the stringent selectivity of the PR1 position as only the SP1 mutant reconstituted the MN promoter activity. The consensus SP1 probe generated the same SP1 and SP3 complexes as PR1 in EMSA; therefore we conclude that SP activity is both necessary and sufficient in the PR1 position. The critical role of AP1 in the PR2 position was confirmed by supershift of the PR2 complex with c-Fos antibody and markedly decreased activity of the construct with a mutated AP1 site. Detailed deletion analysis proved that PR1+PR2 account for 90% of the MN promoter activity, while neither PR1 nor PR2 on their own are sufficient for transactivation. Thus, synergistic co-operation between SP and AP1 factors bound to the adjacent PR1 and PR2, respectively, is necessary for MN transcriptional activity. The PR1+PR2 module also stimulated transcription from a heterologous promoter. The modulation of AP1 activity with PMA stimulated MN expression and activated the MN promoter, whereas inhibition of protein kinase C activity had no effect on MN expression in HeLa cells.
Adaptive postprocessor for block encoded images (1995)

Blocking effects are a major degradation in block based image coding techniques. In this paper, we propose an adaptive postprocessor for the removal of blocking effects. The adaptation is achieved by changing filter coefficients according to the local characteristics of images and the blocking effects. Here, a space-variant lowpass filter is used to smooth the pixels at block boundaries where the blocking effects are highly visible. In addition, the pixels that are closed to an edge are adaptively regional or directional lowpass filtered if the blocking effects are obvious. As for the pixels at edges, they are left untouched by the postprocessor. Therefore, blocking effects can be removed without blurring the edge sharpness. Performance improvements compared with other techniques are obtained according to simulation results. The proposed postprocessor has 0-1 dB gain (depending on the images) compared with the loop filter of H.261, the linear filter, and the nonlinear space-variant postprocessor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>