gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A metabolic signature predicts biological age in mice (2012)

Our understanding of the mechanisms by which aging is produced is still very limited. Here, we have determined the sera metabolite profile of 117 wild-type mice of different genetic backgrounds ranging from 8 to 129 weeks of age. This has allowed us to define a robust metabolomic signature and a derived metabolomic score that reliably/accurately predicts the age of wild-type mice. In the case of telomerase-deficient mice, which have a shortened lifespan, their metabolomic score predicts older ages than expected. Conversely, in the case of mice that overexpress telomerase, their metabolic score corresponded to younger ages than expected. Importantly, telomerase reactivation late in life by using a TERT-based gene therapy recently described by us significantly reverted the metabolic profile of old mice to that of younger mice, further confirming an anti-aging role for telomerase. Thus, the metabolomic signature associated with natural mouse aging accurately predicts aging produced by telomere shortening, suggesting that natural mouse aging is in part produced by presence of short telomeres. These results indicate that the metabolomic signature is associated with the biological age rather than with the chronological age. This constitutes one of the first aging-associated metabolomic signatures in a mammalian organism.
Calcitonin Activity in Ultimobranchial Neoplasms from Bulls (1971)

Ultimobranchial neoplasms from 5 bulls (hat were extracted and assayed individually contained approximately 68% as much calcitonin activity (452 ± 68 MRC mU/g) as thyroid glands from control bulls (663 ± 165 MRC mU/g). These results were consistent with the ultrastructural finding that thyroid neoplasms in old bulls were composed of primitive ultimobranchial cells which contained few mature secretory granules characteristic of parafollicular (C-) cells. Significant difference in calcitonin concentration was not detected between thyroid glands of control cows (617 ± 106 MRC mU/g) and bulls without ultimobranchial neoplasms.
Unusual manifestations of primary Glioblastoma Multiforme: A report of three cases (2010)

Physicians should keep brain tumors in mind in the case of patients who present with atypical symptoms such as those reported here. Brain imaging should be performed over a prolonged period following presentation if the patient's symptoms remain unresolved after adequate treatment.
Oxidative Generation of <i>N</i>-Acyliminium Ions from <i>N</i>-1-(Tributylstannyl)alkyl Carboxamides and Carbamates and Their Reactions with Carbon Nucleophiles (1993)

Abstract Oxidation of N-1-(tributylstannyl)alkyl carboxamides and carbamates with ammonium hexanitratocerate(IV) or ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate generates their N-acyliminium ions by the elimination of tributylstannyl radical under mild reaction conditions. The iminium ions thus formed react with various carbon nucleophiles to give the corresponding addition products.
A 3-D Numerical Study of Pinhole Diffraction to Predict the Accuracy of EUV Point Diffraction Interferometry (1996)

A three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic field simulation is used to model the propagation of extreme ultraviolet (EUV), 13 nm wavelength, light through sub-1500 Å diameter pinholes in a highly absorptive medium. Deviations of the diffracted wavefront phase from an ideal sphere are studied within 0.1 numerical aperture, to predict the accuracy of EUV point diffraction interferometers used in at-wavelength testing of nearly diffraction-limited EUV optical systems. Aberration magnitudes are studied for various 3-D pinhole models, including cylindrical and conical pinhole bores.
Apomorphine monotherapy in the treatment of refractory motor complications of Parkinson's disease: Long‐term follow‐up study of 64 patients (2002)

Continuous subcutaneous infusion of apomorphine is now increasingly recognized as an effective treatment for refractory off periods and peak-dose dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease. We have reviewed our experience with apomorphine infusions, after a strategy decision in 1995 based on emerging preclinical data, to treat all patients with steady-state plasma levels of apomorphine throughout the waking day, minimizing additional pulsatile stimulation either by oral dopaminergic medication or bolus parenteral injections of apomorphine. Sixty-four patients have been treated with apomorphine pumps and 45 of these successfully converted to monotherapy, managing to discontinue all other forms of dopaminergic stimulation during the daytime treatment period with apomorphine. Patients were followed up for a mean of 33.8 months (range, 4-108 months) and clinical data analyzed retrospectively. The mean maintenance dose of apomorphine was 98 mg per 24 hours (monotherapy group: 103 mg/24 hours; polytherapy group: 93 mg/24 hours), which did not significantly increase at final follow-up. There was a mean maximum dyskinesia reduction of 64% (S.D. = 20) in the monotherapy group, compared to 30% (S.D. = 33) in those continuing on polytherapy (P < 0.001), despite a maintained increase in on time (monotherapy group: 55%, P < 0.005; polytherapy group: 50%, P = 0.05). Fifteen patients failed to successfully convert to monotherapy but benefited nonetheless, and only 3 failed apomorphine infusional therapy altogether. Reasons for failure were mixed, including difficulty with compliance and adverse effects such as daytime somnolence, skin complications, and painful dystonias. There was a significantly higher success rate in patients able to manage the treatment either independently or with the help of their caregiver. These results confirm that subcutaneous apomorphine monotherapy can reset peak-dose dyskinesia threshold in levodopa-treated patients and further reduce off-period disability after all available forms of oral medication, including long-acting dopamine agonists, have been tried.
Isospecific Propylene Polymerization with a Novel 2-Substituted Bis(indenyl) <i>ansa</i>-Zirconocene (1996)

The preparation and crystal structure of the first group 4 ansa-metallocene with an oxygen atom directly bonded to the 2-position of an η5-indenyl moiety, rac-[ethylenebis(2-(tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)indenyl)]zirconium dichloride (3), is reported. In combination with methylaluminoxane (MAO), complex 3 polymerizes propylene to highly isotactic crystalline polypropylene (Tm = 148 °C; Mw = 19 000; Mw/Mn = 2.4). Under similar conditions, the propylene polymerization activity of 3/MAO exceeds that of the conventional ansa-metallocene catalyst system (dimethylsilyl)bis(4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride (4)/MAO by a factor of 2 (5300 vs 2300 kg of PP/mol of Zr/h; Tp = 20 °C; P(C3H6) = 2.0 bar; [Al]:[Zr] = 3 000:1). Complex 3 crystallizes in the unusual indenyl-backward conformation. The molecular structure is consistent with the expected C2 symmetry.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry study of InP, GaInAs, and GaInAs/InP heterostructures (1986)

The dielectric functions of high-purity InP and GaInAs layers grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) have been measured in the 2.0–3.5-eV energy range using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Analysis of third derivatives computed from these data gives critical-point (E1 and E1+Δ1 transitions) energies, broadening parameters, and phases. The reference dielectric functions of InP and GaInAs are used to analyze GaInAs/InP and InP/GaInAs heterojunctions fabricated in a MOVPE reactor. The sharpest interface as measured by a multilayer modeling is 30 Å of GaInAsP at the interface of InP grown on GaInAs and 9 Å of InAs for GaInAs grown on InP. Dielectric functions of very thin GaInAs and InP layers (&lt;100 Å) have been extracted from the data measured on heterostructures. It is demonstrated that these extracted dielectric functions are extremely sensitive to the interface quality and give further information about the quality of the MOVPE-grown thin layers of GaInAs and InP.
Calibration of fly height measured by scattered total internal reflection (2000)

Fly height was measured using Scattered Total Internal Reflection (SCATIR). A calibration method for this technique was developed, and the results were compared to those from a Phase Metrics Dynamic Fly Height Tester (DFHT) II. Measurements from the two methods on the same slider agreed well in the region from 20-80 nm. SCATIR is at least comparable to three-wavelength interferometry, and potentially superior in that (i) signal intensity increases as the fly height decreases, (ii) calibration and measurement occur in one location, and (iii) the sensitivity can be optimized for a desired range of fly height.
Experimental and finite element analysis of an electronic pole-change drive (2003)

The theory and modeling of an electronic pole-change drive for the purpose of extending the constant power speed range of a four-pole induction machine, has been previously reported. This paper presents verification of the power capability characteristics of the proposed drive through experimental implementation. An indirect field oriented controller is developed for the pole-change drive with the estimated rotor open circuit time constant and d-axis current commands dependent on the mode of operation. It is demonstrated that for a constant power load, the drive can operate at 6340 RPM in two-pole mode without exceeding either the voltage or current limits at 3600 RPM in four-pole mode. A finite element method is also utilized to examine the influence of magnetic saturation on the pole-change drive performance. The nature of the magnetic flux distribution and saturation progression is investigated in both four-pole and two-pole modes. The saturation induced inductance variation is also studied and its influence on the dq inductance matrix is quantified.
Values-based management (1997)

Executive Overview Despite discussion in the popular and academic press, the connection between value judgments and economic success is still unclear in the minds of many executives. Management grounded in value choices for the organization that build compatibility between the individual and the organization is fundamental to decision making. Values-based management lays the foundation for the development of mission and subsequent corporate and individual plans and goals by enabling managers to address and resolve unavoidable dilemmas. Values-based management serves as an essential first step toward building a high growth organization in which individual performance improves and heightened individual achievement drives economic success.
GEMMA : a database to manage and automate microsatellite genotyping. (1996)

International audience
Digital DS-spread spectrum receiver with reduced computational cost (2002)

The design, develop and measurements of a digital receiver for an adaptive array that works with spread spectrum signals is addressed. Although the same structure might be used for any direct sequence (DS) spread spectrum system the prototype operates with GPS signals. An array of 6 elements equispaced over a circumference of radius /sup /spl lambda////sub 2/ is used. The received signals at each antenna element, with a carrier frequency of 1.575 GHz, is amplified, down converted in frequency and filtered to produce an IF signal centered at 4.3 MHz. Then a 2-bit analog to digital conversion is performed at a sampling rate of 5.71 MHz for each antenna. The bandwidth of the RF front-end is 2 MHz. At this point a microprocessor takes the digital signal, locks a Costas loop to the Doppler frequency and despread it with the appropriate code. The microprocessor combines the base-band processed signals from the six antennas to get an interference-free output. The digital process is described in detail. The overall goal of the DSP algorithms is to keep the computational cost as low as a low-cost midspeed microprocessor is able to accomplish it. Measurements and the simulation results are also provided.
An EMI receiver model to evaluate electromagnetic emissions by simulation (2012)

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards generally limit the electromagnetic emission (EME) of products, e.g. assembled in a vehicle. The compliance to EME standards is verified by emission measurements using a defined test setup including electromagnetic interference receivers (EMI Receivers). Integrated circuits undergo extensive simulations before they are actually produced. More and more, the electromagnetic emission are also considered and simulated during the product design phase. Consequently, the behaviors of all components that are required for an EMC test have to be included in the simulation. This paper investigates the modeling of an EMI receiver and presents an implementation with short computation time. The model is verified with various test signals.
PRISM: an integrated architecture for scalable shared memory (2002)

This paper describes PRISM, a distributed shared memory architecture that relies on a tightly integrated hardware and operating system design for scalable and reliable performance. PRISM's hardware provides mechanisms for flexible management and dynamic configuration of shared memory pages with different behaviors. As an example, PRISM can configure individual shared memory pages in both CC-NUMA and Simple-COMA styles, maintaining the advantages of both without incorporating any of their disadvantages. PRISM's operating system is structured as multiple independent kernels, where each kernel manages the resources on its local node. PRISM's system structure minimizes the amount of global coordination when managing shared memory. Page faults do not involve global TLB invalidates, and pages can be replicated and migrated without requiring global coordination. The structure also provides natural fault containment boundaries around each node because physical addresses do not address remote memory directly. We simulate PRISM's hardware, cache coherence protocol and memory management algorithms. Results from SPLASH applications on the simulated machine demonstrate a tradeoff between CC-NUMA and Simple-COMA styles of memory management. Adaptive, run-time policies that take advantage of PRISM's ability to dynamically configure shared memory pages with different behaviors significantly outperform pure CC-NUMA or Simple-COMA configurations and are usually within 10% of optimal performance.
Cervimycin A–D: A Polyketide Glycoside Complex from a Cave Bacterium Can Defeat Vancomycin Resistance (2005)

Cervimycins A-D are novel polyketide glycosides with significant activity against multi-drug-resistant staphylococci and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. They are produced by a strain of Streptomyces tendae, isolated from an ancient cave. The structures of the cervimycins were determined by performing extensive NMR and chemical degradation studies. All cervimycins have a common tetracyclic polyketide core that is substituted with unusual di- and tetrasaccharide chains, composed exclusively of trideoxysugars; however, they differ in the acetyl and carbamoyl ring substituent and in the highly unusual terminal methylmalonyl and dimethylmalonyl residues.
Development of the Endothelium: An Emphasis on Heterogeneity (2010)

The endothelium is composed of specialized epithelial cells that line the vasculature, the lymph vessels, and the heart. These endothelial cells are characterized by their stratification and are connected via intercellular junctions that confer specific permeability. Although all endothelium acts as a barrier, considerable heterogeneity exists among different organs and even within vessels. During development, the endothelial cells are specified before they migrate to their final destination, and then they commit to an arterial or venous fate. From the venous endothelial cell population, a subset of cells is further specified as lymphatic endothelium. The endothelium can be highly permeable, as in the lymph vessels, or impenetrable, as in the blood-brain barrier. These differences arise during development and are orchestrated through a series of signaling pathways. This review details how endothelial cells arise and are directed to their specific fate, specifically targeting what differentiates endothelial populations.
Host—Pathogen Interactions Between <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> and the Solanaceous Hosts <i>Calibrachoa</i> × <i>hybridus, Petunia</i> × <i>hybrida</i>, and <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> (2006)

Late blight, caused by the pathogen Phytophthora infestans, is a devastating disease of potato and tomato, but can also damage other solanaceous hosts. To gain a better understanding of the interaction between P. infestans and these other hosts, the susceptibility of species in three solanaceous genera was investigated. Of the 10 Calibrachoa × hybridus cultivars tested, four were susceptible and six were resistant to the pathogen; susceptible cultivars supported only very limited growth of P. infestans. The majority of the Petunia × hybrida (petunia) cultivars were susceptible, although less so than susceptible potatoes or tomatoes. Two petunia cultivars displayed differential resistance, suggesting the presence of R genes against P. infestans. The hypersensitive response was present in susceptible, partially resistant, and resistant petunia-P. infestans interactions, but was predominant in the resistant interaction. Young petunias (3 weeks) were more susceptible than older petunias (7 weeks). Nicotiana benthamiana was susceptible to all four P. infestans isolates tested in the lab and became infected during a field epidemic. Several of these isolates were tested for the presence of the inf1 gene, and were found to have and express the gene in vitro. In addition, culture filtrate from these isolates contained 10-kDa proteins and also elicited the hypersensitive response in Nicotiana tabacum and N. benthamiana.
Attention-Weighted Texture and Depth Bit-Allocation in General-Geometry Free-Viewpoint Television (2015)

In a free-viewpoint television network, each viewer chooses its point of view from which to watch a scene. We use the concept of total observed distortion, wherein we aim to minimize the distortion of the view observed by the viewers as opposed to the distortion of each camera, to develop an optimized bit-rate allocation for each camera. Our attention-weighted approach effectively gives more bits to the cameras that are more watched. The more concentrated the viewer distribution, the larger the bit-rate savings, for a given total observed distortion, compared with the uniform rate allocation. We analyze and model the distortion of a synthesized view as a function of the distortions (both in texture and/or depth) of the nearby cameras. Based on such models, we develop optimal rate-allocation methods for texture images, considering a uniform bit allocation for depth, and for both texture and depth simultaneously. Simulation results are shown, demonstrating not only the correctness of the optimized solution, but also measuring its improvement against uniform rate allocation for a few viewer distributions.
Nonfull-aperture Luneburg lenses: a novel solution (1985)

A new formula for the refractive-index distribution for nonfull-aperture Luneburg lenses is proposed. It yields smooth index profiles and provides an explicit description of the index in the outer shell.
App recommendation (2013)

Due to the huge and still rapidly growing number of mobile applications (apps), it becomes necessary to provide users an app recommendation service. Different from conventional item recommendation where the user interest is the primary factor, app recommendation also needs to consider factors that invoke a user to replace an old app (if she already has one) with a new app. In this work we propose an Actual- Tempting model that captures such factors in the decision process of mobile app adoption. The model assumes that each owned app has an actual satisfactory value and a new app under consideration has a tempting value. The former stands for the real satisfactory value the owned app brings to the user while the latter represents the estimated value the new app may seemingly have. We argue that the process of app adoption therefore is a contest between the owned apps' actual values and the candidate app's tempting value. Via the extensive experiments we show that the AT model performs significantly better than the conventional recommendation techniques such as collaborative filtering and content-based recommendation. Furthermore, the best recommendation performance is achieved when the AT model is combined with them.
A neural network design for circuit partitioning (1990)

A neural network model is proposed for circuit bipartitioning. The massive parallelism of neural nets has been successfully exploited to balance the partitions of circuit and to reduce the external wiring between the partitions. The experimental results obtained by neural nets are found to be comparable with those achieved by the C.M. Fiduccia and R.M. Mattheyses (1982) algorithm. The proposed approach can be implemented in hardware to accelerate time-consuming partitioning procedures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FLEXIBLE ELECTRODES FOR IMPLANTED NEUROMUSCULAR EXCITATION APPLICATIONS (2011)

This thesis investigates the electrochemical performance of flexible implanted electrodes for the purpose of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Electrodes performance is validated through their conductivity, stability, and charge delivery capacity (CDC) to avoid irreversible faradaic reactions during stimulation. To study these requirements, electrodes were fabricated by depositing platinum (Pt), gold (Au) and titanium (Ti) thin films on the flexible liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate. Their electrochemical properties were then studied using surface and interface characterization techniques including atomic force microscopy (AFM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and a theoretical model. The EIS results demonstrate that larger electrodes provide higher conductivity and double layer capacitance. In terms of material, Pt offers the best conductivity in neuromuscular stimulation frequencies of 1- 250 Hz, followed by Ti and Au, respectively. Above 250 Hz, similar values of conductivity is offered by the electrodes. This material dependence of impedance magnitude is related to the surface morphology, structural quality and deposition parameters of the electrodes and is explained using surface roughness measurements and interface model parameters. Electrode long-term stability is explored by regular EIS measurements through 42-day experiments. With progressing time, an increase in surface roughness, decrease in chargetransfer resistance (Rct) and capacitive quality (¯) are observed due to the change in capacitive and faradaic behaviors. However, in the comparative evaluations, Au electrode shows the most consistency in keeping its capacitive behavior to perform reversible charge transfer, followed by Pt and Ti, respectively. Further, cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves were used to understand the charge transfer reactions and calculate charge delivery capacities (CDC) of Pt, Ti and Au. Pt with highest CDC value suggests the best electrochemical reversibility followed by Au and Ti. In the case of deposition pressure, for Ti electrode, lower deposition pressure yields higher charge delivery capacity. These results may make lower pressure deposited Pt electrode with high conductivity and CDC the best material for the short term applications of neuromuscular electrical stimulation, while Au possessing improved stability but lower conductivity and CDC is suggested for long term applications. This result provides deeper insight into the design and miniaturization of electrochemical electrodes for the further development of neuromuscular prostheses.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Is Required for Alveologenesis in the Neonatal Rat (2005)

HGF and its c-Met receptor are required for normal postnatal alveolar formation from secondary crests, and are upregulated during 60% oxygen-induced neonatal lung injury.