gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rechargeable alkaline zinc/ferricyanide battery, Phase III. Final report, 26 October 1981-18 September 1982 (1983)

Project effort was concentrated primarily on technical advancement of the alkaline zinc/ferricyanide battery to meet goals of scale-up and demonstration of solid-reactant storage with 1000-cm/sup 2/ full-scale cells; development of a conceptual engineering design for a 50-kW solar-photovoltaic storage system; demonstration of solar acceptance random cycling; and determination of cycle life of cells operating at 70- and 200-mA.h/cm/sup 2/ capacity. These goals were met in the design, fabrication, and cyclic testing of a 1000-cm/sup 2/ cell having a flow aspect ratio of 2:1. After some design optimization, energy efficiency in 2N NaOH at 43/sup 0/C is 74 to 78 percent. Testing has been in conjunction with a crystallizer/reservoir designed with a capacity of 300 mA.h/cm/sup 2/ that delivers solids-free electrolyte to the cell. A conceptual engineering design for a 50-kW solar storage-battery system has been formulated with mass and thermal balances computed. Single-cell (60-cm/sup 2/) cycle life tests are in progress at 35 mA/cm/sup 2/ with 2N NaOH electrolyte with Nafion N-125 separator at 40/sup 0/C. Over 800 cycles at 70 mA.h/cm/sup 2/ capacity with mean energy efficiency of 76.6 +- 2.1 percent have been logged. Mean voltaic and coulombic efficiencies are 83.3 +- 1.8 percent and 92.0 +- 1.8more » percent, respectively. Single-cell (60-cm/sup 2/) cycle life tests run under similar conditions at 249 +- 45 mA.h/cm/sup 2/ have logged over 220 cycles with mean energy efficiency of 75.3 +- 5.1 percent. Mean voltaic and coulombic efficiencies are 84.7 +- 2.0 and 89.0 +- 6.0, respectively.« less
Antibacterial activity of guanidinylated neomycin B- and kanamycin A-derived amphiphilic lipid conjugates (2010)

These findings suggest that lipid conjugation of neomycin B- and kanamycin A-derived cationic lipids provides a general tool to enhance the antibacterial activity of these two aminoglycosides against resistant strains.
Sliding frame R-ALOHA (SFRA) protocol for microcellular systems (2002)

SFRA protocols for mobile radio communication via a base station in a microcellular system are evaluated. The proposed model can accommodate a general model for capture, in which the probability that one packet is received successfully depends on the threshold of power ratio of packets involved in the collision. Variations on the PRMA (packet reservation multiple access) protocol are considered and simulated. The probability that a user with a new message chooses the next free slot depends on the fraction of reserved slots in a sliding window. If collision occurs in a time slot, the colliding mobile stations choose at random a slot among the free ones in the next sliding frame for retransmission. Reservation is made by the successful transmission of the first packet of messages as in R-ALOHA. The near/far phenomenon and the shadowing effect introduce collision resolution and improve system performance. A signature technique is considered for reducing packet collision.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Non Camphor Based Sultam Chiral Auxiliaries (2006)

Sulfonamide is an important functional group. Its cyclic version, sultam, has been successfully employed as a chiral auxiliary in controlling diastereoselectivities of numerous organic transformations. In this paper, the uses of chiral sultams that are not derived from camphor as chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric syntheses are reviewed. Keywords: camphorsultams, Benzosultams, cyclopentadiene, ring closing metathesis (RCM), cycloaddition reaction, diastereoselectivity
Induction of cell proliferation in avian inner ear sensory epithelia by insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin (1997)

Postembryonic production of inner-ear hair cells occurs both normally and after insult in lower vertebrates and avians. To determine how this proliferation is controlled, several growth factors were tested for effects on progenitor-cell division in cultured avian vestibular sensory epithelium. Mitogenic effects of bombesin, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), insulin, and transforming growth factor-alpha were assayed in organo-typic cultures of utricles from the mature, undamaged (normal) chicken inner ear. Tritiated thymidine and autoradiographic techniques and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) immunocytochemistry were used to identify cells synthesizing DNA. IGF-I stimulated DNA synthesis in the vestibular sensory receptor epithelium in a dose-dependent manner. DNA synthesis was also stimulated by insulin. These results suggest that stimulation of the IGF-I receptors by IGF-I or insulin binding stimulates cell proliferation in the mature avian vestibular sensory epithelium.
Thermal Expansion of Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> , BeO, MgO, B <sub>4</sub> C, SiC, and TiC Above 1000°C. (1959)

Thermal‐expansion data on Al 2 O 3 , BeO, MgO, B 4 C, SiC, and TiC were obtained to the temperatures where permanent deformation begins, due to sintering or other causes. The thermal expansion for these materials was found to be approximately linear over the measured temperature range. But as a linear extrapolation to room temperature was not possible, the coefficient of thermal expansion is not a constant over this temperature range. The results are compared with the latest published data for each material. The average coefficients of linear thermal expansion are given as follows: image All BeO specimens which were heated to above 2050°C. had a very large expansion. Visual examination of the cooled specimens revealed that they had bent and cracked, the physical dimensions had enlarged, and the color had changed to a bright milky white. A brief discussion of the probable reasons for these changes is given. In the attempt to extend the expansion measurements, the melting point of BeO was obtained. A specimen of hot‐pressed BeO melted at 2450°± 30°C., whereas a slip‐cast BeO specimen melted at 2470°± 20° C.
Mapping of protein surface cavities and prediction of enzyme class by a self-organizing neural network (2000)

An automated computer-based method for mapping of protein surface cavities was developed and applied to a set of 176 metalloproteinases containing zinc cations in their active sites. With very few exceptions, the cavity search routine detected the active site among the five largest cavities and produced reasonable active site surfaces. Cavities were described by means of solvent-accessible surface patches. For a given protein, these patches were calculated in three steps: (i) definition of cavity atoms forming surface cavities by a grid-based technique; (ii) generation of solvent accessible surfaces; (iii) assignment of an accessibility value and a generalized atom type to each surface point. Topological correlation vectors were generated from the set of surface points forming the cavities, and projected onto the plane by a self-organizing network. The resulting map of 865 enzyme cavities displays clusters of active sites that are clearly separated from the other cavities. It is demonstrated that both fully automated recognition of active sites, and prediction of enzyme class can be performed for novel protein structures at high accuracy.
Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Disilane (2006)

Thermal decomposition of disilane was investigated using time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry coupled with vacuum ultraviolet single-photon ionization (VUV-SPI) at a temperature range of 675-740 K and total pressure of 20-40 Torr. Si(n)H(m) species were photoionized by VUV radiation at 10.5 eV (118 nm). Concentrations of disilane and trisilane during thermal decomposition of disilane were quantitatively measured using the VUV-SPI method. Formation of Si(2)H(4) species was also examined. On the basis of pressure-dependent rate constants of disilane dissociation reported by Matsumoto et al. [J. Phys. Chem. A 2005, 109, 4911], kinetic simulation including gas-phase and surface reactions was performed to analyze thermal decomposition mechanisms of disilane. The branching ratio for (R1) Si(2)H(6) --> SiH(4) + SiH(2)/(R2) Si(2)H(6) --> H(2) + H(3)SiSiH was derived by the pressure-dependent rate constants. Temperature and reaction time dependences of disilane loss and formation of trisilane were well represented by the kinetic simulation. Comparison between the experimental results and the kinetic simulation results suggested that about 70% of consumed disilane was converted to trisilane, which was observed as one of the main reaction products under the present experimental conditions.
Implementation of DSP-based three-level inverter with dead time compensation (2004)

Three-level inverter has gained the advantage over traditional two-level inverter in high-voltage and high-power motor control. A 2.2 kW three-level voltage source PWM inverter for ac motor applications is described. Space vector modulation (SVM) algorithm is briefed for this inverter. To avoid the switches of the same bridge leg from turning on simultaneous, dead time is added through hardware circuit to secure the whole system. But it also causes current distortion. In order to compensate the voltage deviation resulting from the dead time, a simple but effective method based on the phase current direction is proposed. The difference between actual output voltages and reference ones is calculated at the beginning of every control cycle, and is compensated immediately. Thanks to the powerful floating-point operation capability and high operation precision, TMS320C32 DSP acts as the central unit that implements all the control strategies. PLD is used as PWM generator, which simplifies the structure of the hardware system. At the end of this paper, some simulative and experimental results are given to validate the feasibility.
Complete replication of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in a newly developed hepatoma cell line (2014)

The absence of a robust cell culture system for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has limited the analysis of the virus lifecycle and drug discovery. We have established a hepatoma cell line, HLCZ01, the first cell line, to the authors' knowledge, supporting the entire lifecycle of both HBV and HCV. HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive particles can be observed in the supernatant and the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum of the cells via electron microscopy. Interestingly, HBV and HCV clinical isolates propagate in HLCZ01 cells. Both viruses replicate in the cells without evidence of overt interference. HBV and HCV entry are blocked by antibodies against HBsAg and human CD81, respectively, and the replication of HBV and HCV is inhibited by antivirals. HLCZ01 cells mount an innate immune response to virus infection. The cell line provides a powerful tool for exploring the mechanisms of virus entry and replication and the interaction between host and virus, facilitating the development of novel antiviral agents and vaccines.
A educação física e o controle do corpo durante o governo de Juan Domingo Perón (1946-1955) na Argentina (2007)

In this paper we study a new model for patterns in two dimensions, inspired by diblock copolymer melts with a dominant phase. The model is simple enough to be amenable not only to numerics but also to analysis, yet sophisticated enough to reproduce hexagonally packed structures that resemble the cylinder patterns observed in block copolymer experiments. Starting from a sharp-interface continuum model, a nonlocal energy functional involving a Wasserstein cost, we derive the new model using Gamma-convergence in a limit where the volume fraction of one phase tends to zero. The limit energy is defined on atomic measures; in three dimensions the atoms represent small spherical blobs of the minority phase, and in two dimensions they represent thin cylinders of the minority phase. We then study local minimizers of the limit energy. Numerical minimization is performed in two dimensions by recasting the problem as a computational geometry problem involving power diagrams. The numerical results suggest that the small particles of the minority phase tend to arrange themselves on a triangular lattice as the number of particles goes to infinity. This is proved in the companion paper [D. P. Bourne, M. A. Peletier, and F. Theil, Comm. Math. Phys., 329 (2014), pp. 117--140] and agrees with patterns observed in block copolymer experiments. This is a rare example of a nonlocal energy-driven pattern formation problem in two dimensions where it can be proved that the optimal pattern is periodic.\nKeywords: diblock copolymers, small volume fraction limit, energy-driven pattern formation, nonlocal energy, crystallization, Voronoi diagrams
Visual Sensitivities to Color Differences in Daylight* (1942)

An apparatus is described which facilitates the presentation of pairs of variable colors without variation of luminance. With this instrument, various criteria of visual sensitivity to color difference have been investigated. The standard deviation of color matching was finally adopted as the most reproducible criterion. The test field was two degrees in diameter, divided by a vertical biprism edge, and was viewed centrally with a surrounding field of forty-two degrees diameter uniformly illuminated so as to have a chromaticity similar to that of the I.C.I. Standard Illuminant C (average daylight). The luminance of the test field was maintained constant at 15 millilamberts, and the surrounding field was 7.5 millilamberts. These fields were viewed monocularly through an artificial pupil, 2.6 mm in diameter. Over twenty-five thousand trials at color matching have been recorded for a single observer, and the readings are analyzed in detail and compared with previously available data. The standard deviations of the trials are represented in terms of distance in the standard 1931 I.C.I. chromaticity diagram. These increments of distance are represented as functions of position alongstraight lines in the chromaticity diagram, and also as functions of direction of departure from points representing certain standard chromaticities. Such representations are simpler than the traditional representations of wave-length thresholds and purity thresholds as functions of wave-length, and the accuracy of the representations is improved by this simplicity. Chromaticity discrimination for non-spectral colors is represented simultaneously and on the same basis as for spectral colors. Small, equally noticeable chromaticity differences are represented for all chromaticities and for all kinds of variations by the lengths of the radii of a family of ellipses drawn on the standard chromaticity diagram. These ellipses cannot be transformed into equal-sized circles by any projective transformation of the standard chromaticity diagram. The consistency of these data with the results of other investigators is exhibited in terms of the noticeabilities of wave-length differences in the spectrum and of the noticeabilities of purity differences from a neutral stimulus, as functions of dominant wave-length.
Maturation stage and proliferation-dependent expression of dUTPase in human T cells. (1993)

We have developed a database of lymphoid polypeptides detected by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to aid in studies of leukemogenesis and of mutation affecting protein structure. In prior studies, we observed a 19-kDa phosphopolypeptide which was induced with proliferation in mature T cells and constitutively expressed in immature thymocytes. In this report we describe the identification of this polypeptide as the phosphorylated form of dUTPase (EC 3.6.1.23), following cDNA cloning of the gene, based on a partial amino acid sequence of the phosphopolypeptide. Studies of the expression and phosphorylation of dUTPase in human T cells indicate that accumulation and phosphorylation of dUTPase in mature T cells occur in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Interestingly, noncycling immature thymocytes express constitutively high levels of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated dUTPase. These results suggest an important role for dUTPase in immature thymocytes that is independent of proliferation.
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Optoporation for Drug and Gene Delivery into Single Mammalian Cells (2011)

In this work, focused near-infrared (NIR) femtosecond laser pulses were used to transiently perforate the cellular membrane of targeted human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and the uptake of extrinsic molecules into the targeted cells was observed. Various cellular responses to the laser treatments were closely analyzed to optimize several experimental parameters such as laser power, exposure time and location of laser irradiation using a membrane impermeable fluorescent dye. The optimized parameters were used to investigate the entry of a plasmid DNA encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the target cells. Since laser beam with higher-than-threshold energy level will disintegrate cells, we used Matlab simulations to characterize the laser irradiance and free electron distribution caused by the femtosecond-optoporation process. The simulation results showed that the free electron distribution is much narrower than the laser irradiance, which implies that the transient perforation can even be smaller than the size of the laser focal volume. Femtosecond laser-assisted optoporation when combined with lab-on-a-chip devices can be useful in single cell-based high-throughput screening.
Non-Ferromagnetic Retinal Tacks Are a Tolerable Risk in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1991)

Should patients with cobalt alloy (ASTM F563) retinal tacks (Grieshaber cat. #611.95) in their eyes be subjected to the magnetic fields used in magnetic resonance imaging? Although the tacks are not ferromagnetic, they will experience a retarding torque when they are moved at the high angular velocities of human eye motion. Because retinal tacks are small (2.85 mm x 0.9 mm), the torque is difficult to measure. Rather, we measured the torque on a model 25.4 times larger and used a scaling law derived from Maxwell's equations to calculate the force on the tack. The scaling law states that the torque varies with the cube of the object's length. To mimic the motion, models of retinal tacks were attached to Plexiglas rods and the assemblies were swung as pendulums. The pendulums were oriented in the magnetic field of a 1.5 T imager to experience the greatest retardation. Retarding torques were estimated from the rate of decrease of the pendulum amplitude, both inside and outside the magnet. Even if the retinal tacks were as conductive as 6061T6 aluminum alloy (25 MS/m) and the velocity of the surface of the eye were 24 cm/s (angular vel. of 1130 deg/s), the retarding torque would be only 1.6 times the weight of the tack acting with a lever arm as long as the distance from its tip to its center of gravity. The maximum retarding torque on an implanted retinal tack in a 1.5 T magnet is similar to the torque produced by gravity alone acting on the tack and is a tolerable risk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anti-Mullerian Hormone Levels in the Spontaneous Menstrual Cycle Do Not Show Substantial Fluctuation (2006)

AMH levels measured through a full menstrual cycle did not show consistent fluctuation patterns in contrast to levels of FSH, LH, and estradiol. Furthermore, random fluctuations were small, indicating that AMH can be relied on as a cycle-independent marker for ovarian reserve.
Residual‐error prediction based on deep learning for lossless image compression (2018)

A novel residual‐error prediction method based on deep learning with application in lossless image compression is introduced. The proposed method employs machine learning tools to minimise the residual error of the employed prediction tools. Experimental results demonstrate average bitrate savings of 32% over the state‐of‐the‐art in lossless image compression. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this Letter is the first to propose a deep‐learning based method for residual‐error prediction.
A method to track rotational motion for use in single-molecule biophysics (2011)

The double helical nature of DNA links many cellular processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and repair to rotational motion and the accumulation of torsional strain. Magnetic tweezers (MTs) are a single-molecule technique that enables the application of precisely calibrated stretching forces to nucleic acid tethers and to control their rotational motion. However, conventional magnetic tweezers do not directly monitor rotation or measure torque. Here, we describe a method to directly measure rotational motion of particles in MT. The method relies on attaching small, non-magnetic beads to the magnetic beads to act as fiducial markers for rotational tracking. CCD images of the beads are analyzed with a tracking algorithm specifically designed to minimize crosstalk between translational and rotational motion: first, the in-plane center position of the magnetic bead is determined with a kernel-based tracker, while subsequently the height and rotation angle of the bead are determined via correlation-based algorithms. Evaluation of the tracking algorithm using both simulated images and recorded images of surface-immobilized beads demonstrates a rotational resolution of 0.1°, while maintaining a translational resolution of 1-2 nm. Example traces of the rotational fluctuations exhibited by DNA-tethered beads confined in magnetic potentials of varying stiffness demonstrate the robustness of the method and the potential for simultaneous tracking of multiple beads. Our rotation tracking algorithm enables the extension of MTs to magnetic torque tweezers (MTT) to directly measure the torque in single molecules. In addition, we envision uses of the algorithm in a range of biophysical measurements, including further extensions of MT, tethered particle motion, and optical trapping measurements.
Thermodynamic Properties of Technetium and Rhenium Compounds. II. Heats of Formation of Technetium Heptoxide and Pertechnic Acid, Potential of the Technetium-(IV)-Technetium(VII) Couple, and a Potential Diagram for Technetium<sup>1,2</sup> (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamic Properties of Technetium and Rhenium Compounds. II. Heats of Formation of Technetium Heptoxide and Pertechnic Acid, Potential of the Technetium-(IV)-Technetium(VII) Couple, and a Potential Diagram for Technetium1,2J. W. Cobble, Wm. T. Smith Jr., and G. E. BoydCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 23, 5777–5782Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01119a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01119a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts