gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti‐tumor activity of mycophenolate mofetil against human and mouse tumors <i>in vivo</i> (1994)

Cultured tumor cell lines, tumor xenografts grown in athymic nude mice, and a murine experimental metastasis model were used to assess the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity of the potent IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor, mycophenolic acid (MPA), and its morpholinoethyl ester pro-drug, mycophenolate mofetil (MM). The growth of all the cell lines tested was inhibited by MPA in vitro, with EC50 values ranging from less than 0.1 microM to 3.9 microM. Mice were monitored for s.c. tumor outgrowth in the case of human tumor xenograft models or survival time for the murine experimental metastasis model. Treatment with MM p.o. was started 24 hr after tumor challenge or after tumors became palpable. Treatment of athymic nude mice bearing A3.01 (T-lymphoblast), Molt-4 (T-cell leukemia), CaPan-2 (pancreatic adenocarcinoma), CaLu-3 (non-small-cell lung adenocarcinoma), LS174T and T84 (colon adenocarcinoma), and Daudi (B-cell lymphoma) human tumor xenografts with MM significantly inhibited s.c. tumor growth. Treatment of BALB/c mice with MM after i.v. injection of murine RAW117-H10 lymphoma cells in an experimental metastasis assay resulted in increased survival time for treated animals. No significant inhibitory effect on s.c. tumor outgrowth was seen with MM treatment of SK-Hep-1, a human hepatic endothelioma, or Hep-3B, a liver adenocarcinoma, at any of the doses tested.
Potentiation of interleukin 1 alpha mediated antitumor effects by ketoconazole. (1990)

In the present studies, the regulatory role of adrenal hormones on the antitumor activity of recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) was investigated. Ketoconazole, a potent but transient inhibitor of adrenal steroid hormone biosynthesis, inhibited IL-1 alpha induced increases in plasma corticosterone. In s.c. RIF-1 tumors (C3H/HeJ mice) ketoconazole potentiated IL-1 alpha induced hemorrhagic necrosis (59Fe labeled RBC uptake) and prolonged intervals of low tumor perfusion (86Rb+ uptake) and attendant depletion of tumor high energy phosphate reserves as determined by in vivo 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In normal muscle and skin the ketoconazole-IL-1 alpha combination had no effect on RBC content and little or no effect on tissue perfusion. Ketoconazole potentiation of IL-1 alpha induced tumor pathophysiologies was accompanied by time and ketoconazole dose dependent potentiation of RIF-1 tumor clonogenic cell killing. Although ketoconazole at 40 mg/kg and IL-1 alpha at 25 micrograms/kg alone each produced approximately 50% clonogenic cell kill, a combined treatment (IL-1 alpha 1 h after ketoconazole) resulted in surviving fractions of approximately 1.5%. In vitro, ketoconazole and IL-1 alpha induced only additive clonogenic cell kill in primary RIF-1 explant cultures. The effect of elevated plasma corticosterone levels, induced by ketamine-acepromazine anesthesia, on IL-1 alpha responsiveness was also studied in the RIF-1 tumor model. In C3H/HeJ mice, anesthesia increased plasma corticosterone levels within 30 min, abrogated the IL-1 alpha effect on tumor perfusion, and prevented depletion of tumor high energy phosphate metabolite reserves. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that IL-1 alpha mediated adrenal hormone responses exert a profound negative feedback on IL-1 alpha antitumor activities. Our data also indicate that adrenal steroid hormone biosynthetic pathways could provide a focus for modulation strategies to increase the efficacy of cytokine based therapeutic interventions.
Three-dimensional optical interconnection gate array (1987)

A recently proposed planar Fredkin gate array for optical interconnections is extended here into a 3-D array that can be implemented using ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulators. Operating as polarization gates these modulators are efficient and can be incorporated into high performance interconnection networks. Some advantages of the new architecture are discussed and performance characteristics are estimated.
Adaptive Haar-like classifier for eye status detection under non-ideal lighting conditions (2012)

The paper introduces a novel methodology to enhance the accuracy, performance and effectiveness of Haar-like classifiers, especially for complicated lighting conditions. Performing a statistical intensity analysis on input image sequences, the technique provides a very fast and robust eye-status detection via a low-resolution VGA camera, without application of any infrared illumination or image enhancement. We report about a test for driver monitoring under real-world conditions also featuring challenging lighting conditions such as 'very bright' at daytime or 'very dark' or 'artificial lighting' at night. An adaptive Haar classifier adjusts the detection parameters according to dynamic level-based intensity measurements in given regions of interest. Experimental results and performance evaluation on various datasets show a higher detection rate compared to standard Viola-Jones classifiers.
Performance of IMPSAT and IMPSAT-AIM Models in Compositional Simulation (2002)

Abstract The current trend in industry is to use finer and finer grid with larger and larger number of components. This requires the development of faster simulation techniques than those currently available in commercial simulators. The fully implicit (FIM) model, the implicit pressure and explicit saturations (IMPES) model and the adaptive implicit (AIM) model are the traditional approaches. The IMPSAT (implicit pressure and saturations and explicit component mole fractions) model has been proposed in the literatures, but so far it is not considered a viable approach. This may be a result of lack of suitable stability analysis and improper implementation. Our analysis shows that the IMPSAT model is significantly more stable than the IMPES model, and in many cases substantially less expensive than the FIM model. The IMPSAT model becomes particularly attractive as the number of components becomes large. IMPSAT can also be used in an adaptive implicit approach to form various IMPSAT based adaptive implicit (IMPSAT-AIM) models. A new General Purpose Research Simulator (GPRS) using a General Formulation Approach has been developed and tested. The General Formulation Approach used in GPRS can be used to obtain any type of model. We can easily form a model by selecting any reasonable set of primary variables and any level of implicitness from IMPES to FIM. One important subset of models that have been developed from this new approach is the IMPSAT model and the IMPSAT based AIM models. The performance of different compositional models has been evaluated using a wide range of problems. We found that the IMPSAT model and the IMPSAT-AIM models have very good performance, and they are more efficient than the traditional models (FIM, IMPES and AIM). The IMPSAT model is generally over 50% faster than the IMPES model due to its improved stability. For problems that are not very hard, the IMPSAT model is cheaper to run than the FIM model since it reduces the number of unknowns that have to be solved implicitly. The IMPSAT-AIM models are more flexible, more stable and with appropriate linear solvers have the potential to be less expensive in terms of CPU time than the traditional AIM model.
Identification of 26RFa from Frog Brain: A Novel Hypothalamic Neuropeptide with Orexigenic Activity in Mammals (2005)

In the present study, we report the identification, in the frog brain, of a novel neuropeptide, termed 26RFa, that belongs to the RFamide peptide family. The cDNAs encoding the precursors for 26RFa have been characterized in human and rats. In rats, prepro-26RFa mRNA is expressed exclusively in two hypothalamic nuclei involved in the control of feeding behavior. Intracerebroventricular injection of 26RFa in mice induced a dose-dependent increase in food consumption. Taken together, these data indicate that 26RFa is a novel neuropeptide that may have important biological functions in vertebrates.
Residual prediction based on unit selection (2005)

Recently, we presented a study on residual prediction techniques that can be applied to voice conversion based on linear transformation or hidden Markov model-based speech synthesis. Our voice conversion experiments showed that none of the six compared techniques was capable of successfully converting the voice while achieving a fair speech quality. In this paper, we suggest a novel residual prediction technique based on unit selection that outperforms the others in terms of speech quality (mean opinion score = 3) while keeping the conversion performance
Synthesis, Structure−Affinity Relationships, and Radiolabeling of Selective High-Affinity 5-HT<sub>4</sub>Receptor Ligands as Prospective Imaging Probes for Positron Emission Tomography (2010)

In a search for high-affinity receptor ligands that might serve for development as radioligands for the imaging of brain 5-HT(4) receptors in vivo with positron emission tomography (PET), structural modifications were made to the high-affinity 5-HT(4) antagonist (1-butylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl 8-amino-7-iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine-5-carboxylate (1, SB 207710). These modifications were made mainly on the aryl side of the ester bond to permit possible rapid labeling of the carboxylic acid component with a positron emitter, either carbon-11 (t(1/2) = 20.4 min) or fluorine-18 (t(1/2) = 109.7 min), and included (i) replacement of the iodine atom with a small substituent such as nitrile, methyl, or fluoro, (ii) methylation of the 8-amino group, (iii) opening of the dioxan ring, and (iv) alteration of the length of the N-alkyl goup. High-affinity ligands were discovered for recombinant human 5-HT(4) receptors with amenability to labeling with a positron emitter and potential for development as imaging probes. The ring-opened radioligand, (([methoxy-(11)C]1-butylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl 4-amino-3-methoxybenzoate; [(11)C]13), showed an especially favorable array of properties for future evaluation as a PET radioligand for brain 5-HT(4) receptors.
The Frequency and Clinical Significance of Delayed Serological Transfusion Reactions in Korean Population (2005)

Background : Alloantibodies to red cell antigens may cause acute or delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs). In most cases, however, anamnestic antibody production causes only a delayed serological transfusion reaction (DSTR). According to the previous reports, alloimmunization occured with a risk of 12.6%, however, no prospective studies on a DSTR have been performed in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate prospectively the frequency of alloimmunization and its clinical significance in Korean population. Methods : Antibody screening tests were performed for a total of 1,903 patients who were transfused with packed RBCs from May 2003 through July 2004. One blood sample from each patient was collected within 710 day after transfusion and screened for serological evidence of alloimmunization. If any antibody was detected the patient's post-transfusion sample was screened for biochemical evidence of hemolysis and the patients' medical records were reviewed for documentation of clinical signs of a transfusion reaction. Results : Overall, 17/1,903 patients became alloimmunized for a frequency of 0.89%. Only one of 1,903 patients had clinical evidence of hemolysis, and the frequency of DHTR was 0.053%. Interestingly, anti-Dia which was characteristic antibody in Asian-Mongoloid populations was detected in three patients, and anti-Mia was found in one patient. Conclusion : This study showed lower frequency of DSTR and DHTR, compared with previous studies in Caucasian. However, it is noteworthy that the incidence of anti-Dia was relatively higher in Korean population.
Stability of oral captopril solutions (1997)

La stabilite d’une solution de captopril a ete etudiee durant 28 jours. A partir de comprimes de captopril doses a 25 mg, des solutions de captopril a 1 mg/ml ont ete preparees dans de l’eau sterile a pH 5,2 et dans des tampons a pH 3, 5, 7 et 9. Les solutions ont ete stockees a + 4 °C et/ou a temperature ambiante (22 °C) a l’abri de la lumiere. Les concentrations de captopril et de disulfide captopril, metabolite de degradation du captopril, ont ete determinees par CLHP. Les temps (t 90 ) correspondant a la perte de 10 % du captopril en solution ont ete calcules par regression lineaire et ont permis de determiner les dates d’expiration du captopril dans les differents vehicules. Les t 90 du captopril dans l’eau sterile etaient de 23 jours a + 4 °C et 14 jours a temperature ambiante. Les t 90 du captopril dans les tampons a pH 5, 7 et 9 etaient respectivement de 50,8 et 0,2 jours a + 4 °C. La degradation du captopril dans le tampon a pH 3 n’etait pas significative pour la periode d’etude. La solution orale de captopril a 1 mg/ml, preparee a partir des comprimes doses a 25 mg et du tampon citrate a pH 5, est stable au moins 30 jours a + 4 °C et permet une meilleure adaptation posologique dans l’insuffisance cardiaque congestive de l’enfant.
Multicloud Deployment of Computing Clusters for Loosely Coupled MTC Applications (2010)

Cloud computing is gaining acceptance in many IT organizations, as an elastic, flexible, and variable-cost way to deploy their service platforms using outsourced resources. Unlike traditional utilities where a single provider scheme is a common practice, the ubiquitous access to cloud resources easily enables the simultaneous use of different clouds. In this paper, we explore this scenario to deploy a computing cluster on the top of a multicloud infrastructure, for solving loosely coupled Many-Task Computing (MTC) applications. In this way, the cluster nodes can be provisioned with resources from different clouds to improve the cost effectiveness of the deployment, or to implement high-availability strategies. We prove the viability of this kind of solutions by evaluating the scalability, performance, and cost of different configurations of a Sun Grid Engine cluster, deployed on a multicloud infrastructure spanning a local data center and three different cloud sites: Amazon EC2 Europe, Amazon EC2 US, and ElasticHosts. Although the testbed deployed in this work is limited to a reduced number of computing resources (due to hardware and budget limitations), we have complemented our analysis with a simulated infrastructure model, which includes a larger number of resources, and runs larger problem sizes. Data obtained by simulation show that performance and cost results can be extrapolated to large-scale problems and cluster infrastructures.
Heart Rate (2002)

Arterial stiffness is a strong determinant of cardiovascular risk. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an index of arterial stiffness, and its prognostic value has been repeatedly emphasized. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of heart rate (HR) on PWV. Twenty-two subjects with a mean age of 77.8+/-8.4 (SD) years and permanent cardiac pacing were studied. In each subject, PWV was measured at 5 different pacing frequencies in the same session (60, 70, 80, 90, 100 bpm), the order of the various frequencies being randomly determined. Furthermore, to test the reproducibility, a repeat measurement of PWV was obtained in one randomly selected frequency. Blood pressure (BP) was measured by conventional means at each pacing frequency. PWV appeared fairly reproducible because no significant difference was disclosed between the 2 measurements obtained at the same HR level (P=0.5) and both measurements were strongly correlated (r=0.87, P<0.001). No significant BP variation was observed during pacing. There was a highly significant effect of HR on PWV estimated by a one-way, within-subjects analysis of variance (P=0.01). This study demonstrates that HR is an important factor in the intraindividual variation of PWV in elderly subjects. This raises methodological concern about the measurement of this parameter. Standardizing PWV for HR level seems mandatory if one wants to interpret PWV changes in clinical trials or in the follow-up of patients.
Simple, fast and high‐efficiency transformation system for directed evolution of cellulase in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2010)

Bacillus subtilis can serve as a powerful platform for directed evolution, especially for secretory enzymes. However, cloning and transformation of a DNA mutant library in B. subtilis are not as easy as they are in Escherichia coli. For direct transformation of B. subtilis, here we developed a new protocol based on supercompetent cells prepared from the recombinant B. subtilis strain SCK6 and multimeric plasmids. This new protocol is simple (restriction enzyme-, phosphatase- and ligase-free), fast (i.e. 1 day) and of high efficiency (i.e. ~107 or ~104 transformants per mg of multimeric plasmid or ligated plasmid DNA respectively). Supercompetent B. subtilis SCK6 cells were prepared by overexpression of the competence master regulator ComK that was induced by adding xylose. The DNA mutant library was generated through a two-round PCR: (i) the mutagenized DNA fragments were generated by error-prone PCR and linearized plasmids were made using high-fidelity PCR, and (ii) the multimeric plasmids were generated based on these two DNA templates by using overlap PCR. Both protein expression level and specific activity of glycoside hydrolase family 5 endoglucanse on regenerated amorphous cellulose were improved through this new system. To our limited knowledge, this study is the first report for enhancing secretory cellulase performance on insoluble cellulose.
Diversity of NK Cell Receptor Repertoire in Adult and Neonatal Mice (1999)

Murine NK cytotoxicity is regulated by two families of MHC class I-specific receptors, namely Ly49 and CD94/NKG2. We developed a single-cell RT-PCR method to analyze expression of all known Ly49 and NKG2A genes in individual NK cells and determined the receptor repertoires of NK cells from adult and neonatal (1-wk-old) C57BL/6 mice. In adult mouse NK cells, up to six different receptors were coexpressed in random combinations. Of 62 NK cells examined, 42 different patterns of receptor expression were observed. Most of them expressed at least one Ly49, whereas NKG2A was detected in 32% of the cells. Over 75% of them expressed Ly49C, I, or NKG2A, which are thought to recognize self-class I MHC (H-2b). Coexpression of multiple Ly49 receptors and NKG2A was stochastic. In contrast, very few neonatal NK cells expressed any Ly49, but almost 60% of them expressed NKG2A. These results demonstrate that adult NK cells are quite heterogeneous and have diverse receptor repertoires. They also suggest that the expression of NKG2A precedes Ly49 expression in NK cell ontogeny, and NKG2A is a major inhibitory receptor in neonatal NK cells.
Ultra-Compact Combustors for Advanced Gas Turbine Engines (2004)

Current gas turbine design practice for military and commercial aircraft is becoming marginal to meet the increasingly severe, yet conflicting requirements for reduced fuel burn, engine weight, and exhaust emissions, while achieving enhanced parts durability. The engine combustion system can be a key enabler in achieving future design goals. In both conventional single-stage and staged combustors, attention is focused on incremental fluid dynamic changes to enhance fuel-air mixing. In addition, dramatic materials development appears necessary to permit the increased operating temperatures that will ensue from advanced Brayton cycles. This paper describes a revolutionary combustion system that is far from incremental, but appears to offer the potential for continuing advances in engine performance. A gas turbine engine has been proposed that uses a near-constant-temperature (NCT) cycle and an Inter-Turbine Burner (ITB) to provide large amounts of power extraction from the low-pressure turbine. This level of energy is achieved with a modest temperature rise across the ITB. The additional energy can be used to power a large fan for an ultra-high bypass ratio transport aircraft, or to drive an alternator for large amounts of electrical power extraction. Conventional gas turbine engines cannot drive ultra-large diameter fans without the use of excessive turbine temperatures, or a substantial number of turbine stages. In addition, these conventional systems cannot meet high power extraction demands without a loss of engine thrust. The objective is to demonstrate an Ultra-Compact Combustor (UCC) that can be used as a main burner or an ITB that does not impact engine thrust-to-weight, pollutant emissions, or overall system performance. Concepts for an Ultra-Compact Combustor (UCC) are being explored experimentally. This system uses high swirl in a circumferential cavity to enhance reaction rates via high cavity g-loading on the order of 3000 g’s. Increase in reaction rates translates to a reduced combustor volume. The UCC design integrates compressor and turbine features which will enable a shorter and potentially less complex gas turbine engine. This paper will describe different variations of the UCC design where both the fuel injection method, turbine vane design, and the fuel injection angles are varied in the UCC. Experimental results from the UCC at atmospheric pressure indicate that the combustion system operates at 95–99% combustion efficiency over a wide range of operating conditions burning JP-8 +100 fuels. Axial flame lengths were extremely short, at about 50% those of conventional systems.
The inhibition of lysyl oxidase <i>in vivo</i> by isoniazid and its reversal by pyridoxal. Effect on collagen cross-linking in the chick embryo (1984)

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) causes a large increase in the salt-solubility of collagen when injected into chick embryos; this change is accompanied by the inactivation of lysyl oxidase (EC 1.4.3.13), the enzyme responsible for initiating cross-link formation in collagen and elastin. In addition, isoniazid markedly decreases the liver content of pyridoxal phosphate. The depletion of pyridoxal phosphate takes approx. 6 h, whereas the inhibition of lysyl oxidase and the increase in collagen solubility occur more slowly. A reversal of these effects of isoniazid can be produced by the subsequent injection of a stoichiometric amount of pyridoxal, supporting the role of pyridoxal as a cofactor for lysyl oxidase. Treatment of chick embryos with beta-aminopropionitrile, an irreversible inhibitor of lysyl oxidase, causes an inhibition of the enzyme, which begins to recover within 24 h but which is not affected by the administration of pyridoxal; with isoniazid inhibition, however, lysyl oxidase activity does not show any sign of recovery by 48 h. It is proposed that isoniazid may cause the inhibition of lysyl oxidase by competing for its obligatory cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. The potential clinical implications in the therapeutic control of fibrosis are briefly discussed.