gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a centrifugal float-sink procedure for gravimetric evaluation of ultrafine coals: Part 1, The effects of surface-property-related parameters on fine-coal separations (1988)

This report traces the development of a centrifugal float-sink technique for determining the washability analyses of fine coal having top sizes finer than 14 mesh. All testing was performed on the Upper and Lower Kittanning bed coals only. The efforts of other researchers attempting to utilize the centrifuge for float-sink testing ultrafine coal are reviewed briefly. Exploratory test data from PETC are presented to show the effect of surfactant additions, reverse float-sink testing, and preheating of samples on the yield/ash relationships. The results of a 33-test partial factorial design used to evaluate five variables at five levels and their effects on the yield/ash relationship as depicted by an efficiency index are presented, along with follow-up tests showing the importance of lower solids concentration and higher reagent dosage. Coal moisture content and reagent dosage had the most significant effect on the yield/ash relationship. 12 refs., 9 figs., 16 tabs.
Evaluating Universal and Fast Online Customized Pulses for Parallel Transmission Using Two Different RF Coils (2021)

No abstract available.
The Politics of Claude Lefort's Political: Between Liberalism and Radical Democracy (2006)

Claude Lefort's rethinking of ‘the political’ has been highly fruitful for political theory, yet its politics remain unclear. It has inspired transformative, radical-democratic projects, but has also served as a basis for more liberal conceptions. This article explores the sources and implications of this ambiguity by setting Lefort's work against the backdrop of the anti-totalitarian moment in French political thought and the trajectories of two of his students, Miguel Abensour and Marcel Gauchet. It emerges that although Lefort's democratic theory cannot be reduced to a defensive liberalism, neither is it as expansive as some might hope.
Noncovalent Functionalization and Solubilization of Carbon Nanotubes by Using a Conjugated Zn–Porphyrin Polymer (2006)

A highly soluble, conjugated Zn-porphyrin polymer was synthesized and found to strongly interact with the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes, producing a soluble polymer-nanotube complex. Successful complexation required the addition of trifluoroacetic acid to the solvent (THF). It was found that the complex remained soluble after excess free polymer was removed from solution, and could be centrifuged at high speed with no observable sedimentation. Furthermore, the polymer-nanotube assembly resulted in enhanced planarization and conjugation within the porphyrin polymer, which was manifested in a 127 nm bathochromic shift of the Q-band absorption. Control experiments with the Zn-porphyrin monomer indicated that homogeneous solutions could be prepared by means of sonication, but the monomer-nanotube interactions were significantly weaker, leading to nanotube precipitation within minutes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies indicated that the polymer enables exfoliation of nanotube bundles and is able to "stitch" multiple nanotubes together into a series of long, interconnected strands.
Real time motion capture using a single time-of-flight camera (2010)

Markerless tracking of human pose is a hard yet relevant problem. In this paper, we derive an efficient filtering algorithm for tracking human pose using a stream of monocular depth images. The key idea is to combine an accurate generative model - which is achievable in this setting using programmable graphics hardware - with a discriminative model that provides data-driven evidence about body part locations. In each filter iteration, we apply a form of local model-based search that exploits the nature of the kinematic chain. As fast movements and occlusion can disrupt the local search, we utilize a set of discriminatively trained patch classifiers to detect body parts. We describe a novel algorithm for propagating this noisy evidence about body part locations up the kinematic chain using the unscented transform. The resulting distribution of body configurations allows us to reinitialize the model-based search. We provide extensive experimental results on 28 real-world sequences using automatic ground-truth annotations from a commercial motion capture system.
m <sub>3</sub> G Cap Hypermethylation of U1 Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) In Vitro: Evidence that the U1 Small Nuclear RNA-(Guanosine- <i>N</i> 2)-Methyltransferase Is a Non-snRNP Cytoplasmic Protein That Requires a Binding Site on the Sm Core Domain (1994)

The RNA components of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U snRNPs) possess a characteristic 5'-terminal trimethylguanosine cap structure (m3G cap). This cap is an important component of the nuclear localization signal of U snRNPs. It arises by hypermethylation of a cotranscriptionally added m7G cap. Here we describe an in vitro assay for the hypermethylation, which employs U snRNP particles reconstituted in vitro from purified components and subsequent analysis by m3G cap-specific immunoprecipitation. Complementation studies in vitro revealed that both cytosol and S-adenosylmethionine are required for the hypermethylation of an m7G-capped U1 snRNP reconstituted in vitro, indicating that the U1 snRNA-(guanosine-N2)-methyltransferase is a trans-active non-snRNP protein. Chemical modification revealed one cytoplasmic component required for hypermethylation and one located on the snRNP: these components have different patterns of sensitivity to modification by N-ethylmaleimide and iodoacetic acid (IAA). In the presence of cytosol and S-adenosylmethionine, an intact Sm core domain is a necessary and sufficient substrate for cap hypermethylation. These data, together with our observation that isolated native U1 snRNPs but not naked U1 RNA inhibit the trimethylation of in vitro-reconstituted U1 snRNP, indicate that the Sm core binds the methyltransferase specifically. Moreover, isolated native U2 snRNP also inhibits trimethylation of U1 snRNP, suggesting that other Sm-class U snRNPs might share the same methyltransferase. IAA modification of m7G-capped U1 snRNPs inhibited hypermethylation when they were microinjected into Xenopus oocytes and consequently also inhibited nuclear import. In contrast, modification with IAA of m3G-capped U1 snRNPs reconstituted in vitro did not interfere with their nuclear transport in oocytes. These data suggest that m3G cap formation and nuclear transport of U1 snRNPs are mediated by distinct factors, which require distinct binding sites on the Sm core of U1 snRNP.
Characterization of early and late endocytic compartments of the transferrin cycle Transferrin receptor antibody blocks erythroid differentiation by trapping the receptor in the early endosome (1992)

We describe a detailed morphological characterization of the endocytic pathway in differentiating chicken erythroblasts transformed by a temperature-sensitive mutant of avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV). These cells express high levels of transferrin receptors (TfR) when induced to differentiate at 42 degrees C. Biochemical analysis showed that most (approximately 90%) of the internalized 125I-Tf recycled within approximately 30 min while a smaller fraction of 125I-Tf required up to 2 h for recycling. By immunocytochemistry, the bulk of Tf and TfR was localized at the plasma membrane and in tubuloreticular early endosomes. This structure contained coated buds that labelled with an antibody specific for the clathrin light chain. Decreasing amounts of both Tf and TfR were detected in two distal compartments, spherical endosome vesicles resembling multivesicular bodies and the prelysosomal compartment (PLC) enriched in cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. As shown by fluorescent (FITC-Tf) labelling of living cells, the movement of Tf/TfR complex into these late structures was accompanied by a significant drop in pH from about 6, the value displayed by early endosomes, to values below pH 5.0. Since no detectable 125I-Tf degradation was observed during a 4 h period we believe that the Tf/TfR detected in these late endocytic structures avoids degradation and recycles back to the cell surface. The addition of an anti-TfR monoclonal antibody to the culture medium of these cells blocks their differentiation. Under this condition the antibody-TfR complex was trapped in an early endosome compartment that enlarged to more than twice its normal size. However, this condition did not affect the transport kinetics of horseradish peroxidase from the medium to the PLC.
Closure of leaks by fibrin gluing. Effects of various application techniques and temperatures. (1995)

This study was performed to determine the differences in covering power obtained with fibrin gluing using three different methods, layered, mixing, and spraying. The experimental system consisted of a 2 x 2 cm plastic plate with a hole 1 mm in diameter, a plastic syringe, and a digital manometer. The internal pressure of the syringe barrel was measured with the digital manometer. Five minutes after fibrin glue membranes (1 mm in thickness) had been prepared on the plastic plate with the layered, mixing, or spray method, the plunger of the syringe was pushed slowly, and the maximum internal pressure in the syringe barrel was measured, just before the breakage of the membrane. Experiments were performed five times at each four temperatures, 12 degrees C, 17 degrees C, 22 degrees C and 37 degrees C. Covering power of fibrin glue membranes (units: mmHg; atmospheric pressure 760 mmHg) were as follows: 1) Layered method (12 degrees C: 810.0 +/- 68.6, 17 degrees C: 769.0 +/- 10.2, 22 degrees C: 812.0 +/- 112.4, 37 degrees C: 773.6 +/- 24.4). 2) Mixing method (12 degrees C: 956.6 +/- 219.3, 17 degrees C: 972.4 +/- 243.5, 22 degrees C: 1045.2 +/- 233.0, 37 degrees C: 1059.0 +/- 220.2). 3) Spray method (12 degrees C: 1010.0 +/- 231.1, 17 degrees C: 1144.4 +/- 170.6, 22 degrees C: 1148.0 +/- 234.7, 37 degrees C: 1250.0 +/- 111.8).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A laboratory-based hard x-ray monochromator for high-resolution x-ray emission spectroscopy and x-ray absorption near edge structure measurements (2014)

We report the development of a laboratory-based Rowland-circle monochromator that incorporates a low power x-ray (bremsstrahlung) tube source, a spherically bent crystal analyzer, and an energy-resolving solid-state detector. This relatively inexpensive, introductory level instrument achieves 1-eV energy resolution for photon energies of ∼5 keV to ∼10 keV while also demonstrating a net efficiency previously seen only in laboratory monochromators having much coarser energy resolution. Despite the use of only a compact, air-cooled 10 W x-ray tube, we find count rates for nonresonant x-ray emission spectroscopy comparable to those achieved at monochromatized spectroscopy beamlines at synchrotron light sources. For x-ray absorption near edge structure, the monochromatized flux is small (due to the use of a low-powered x-ray generator) but still useful for routine transmission-mode studies of concentrated samples. These results indicate that upgrading to a standard commercial high-power line-focused x-ray tube or rotating anode x-ray generator would result in monochromatized fluxes of order 10(6)-10(7) photons/s with no loss in energy resolution. This work establishes core technical capabilities for a rejuvenation of laboratory-based hard x-ray spectroscopies that could have special relevance for contemporary research on catalytic or electrical energy storage systems using transition-metal, lanthanide, or noble-metal active species.
Expression of Epithelial Mucins MUC1, MUC2, and MUC3 in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast (2001)

Epithelial mucins are glycoproteins secreted by epithelial cells and their carcinomas. At least nine mucin genes have been identified, and their products (MUC1-MUC9) are expressed in various epithelia. MUC1 is a mucin expressed in breast epithelial cells, whereas MUC2 and MUC3 are primarily intestinal mucins. Although MUC1 and MUC2 expression has been documented in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, mucin expression in pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has not been investigated. Sixty-one of 105 cases of DCIS without coexisting infiltrating carcinoma diagnosed during a 30-month period were selected as having sufficient tissue for study. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained using immunohistochemical techniques with mouse monoclonal anti-MUC1, anti-MUC2, and rabbit-specific polyclonal anti-MUC3 antibodies. Immunoreactive epitopes of MUC1, MUC2, and MUC3 were expressed in DCIS in 61, 19, and 16 of 61 cases, respectively. MUC2 and MUC3 staining intensity in DCIS was markedly less than that observed for MUC1. Luminal and/or cytoplasmic patterns of staining were observed for MUC1. MUC2 and MUC3 showed only cytoplasmic staining. Cytoplasmic-only staining of MUC1 was associated with a higher grade of DCIS. Any MUC2 staining was also associated with a higher grade of DCIS. Coexpression of MUC2 and MUC3 was present in only 6 of 61 cases, and MUC3 staining was unrelated to the grade of DCIS. Cytoplasmic expression of MUC1 and MUC2 appears to be associated with a higher grade of DCIS. MUC3 expression appears to be independent of grade and expression of MUC1 and MUC2. The relationship of mucin expression and grade warrants further study.
Lessons Learned in Designing Ubiquitous Augmented Reality User Interfaces (2007)

Ubiquitous augmented reality (UAR) is an emerging human-computer interaction technology, arising from the convergence of augmented reality and ubiquitous computing. In UAR, visualizations can augment the real world with digital information. Interactions can follow a tangible metaphor. Both should adapt according to the user’s context and are distributed on a possibly changing set of devices. Current research problems for user interfaces in UAR are software infrastructures, authoring tools and a supporting design process. We present case studies of how we have used a systematic design space analysis to carefully narrow the amount of available design options. The next step in our approach is to use interactive, possibly immersive tools to support interdisciplinary brainstorming sessions. Several tools are presented. We conclude by summarizing the lessons we have learned while applying our method.
Gastric emptying and nutrition in the critically ill patient. (2003)

The author overviews the advantages of enteral nutrition in the critically ill patient, the use of prokinetic agents to improve gastric emptying and the alternative placement of the feeding tube distal to the pylorus. (non-author abstract)
Metabolic clearance rate of arginine vasopressin in severe chronic renal failure (1992)

1. The metabolic clearance rate of arginine vasopressin was determined using a constant infusion technique in normal subjects and patients with chronic renal failure immediately before commencing dialysis. Endogenous arginine vasopressin was suppressed in all subjects before the infusion with a water load. 2. Plasma arginine vasopressin concentrations were determined using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay after Florisil extraction. The detection limit of the assay was 0.3 pmol/l, and intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation at 2 pmol/l were 9.7% and 15.3%, respectively. 3. In normal subjects, the metabolic clearance rate was determined at two infusion rates producing steady-state concentrations of arginine vasopressin of 1.3 and 4.4 pmol/l. In the patients with renal failure, a single infusion rate was used, producing a steady-state concentration of 1.5 pmol/l. 4. At comparable plasma arginine vasopressin concentrations, metabolic clearance rate was significantly reduced in patients with renal failure (normal 1168 +/- 235 ml/min versus renal failure 584 +/- 169 ml/min; means +/- SD; P < 0.001). 5. Free water clearance was significantly reduced in normal subjects during the arginine vasopressin infusion from 8.19 +/- 2.61 to -1.41 +/- 0.51 ml/min (P < 0.001), but was unchanged in the patients with renal failure after attaining comparable plasma arginine vasopressin concentrations. 6. In normal subjects there was a small but significant fall in metabolic clearance rate at the higher steady-state arginine vasopressin concentration (1168 +/- 235 ml/min at 1.3 pmol/l versus 1059 +/- 269 ml/min at 4.4 pmol/l; P = 0.016).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Superconducting magnets for particle accelerators (1992)

All new large hadron storage rings or colliders are equipped with superconducting magnets which allow significantly higher particle energies to be achieved at much reduced operational costs. The basic properties and design criteria of superconducting accelerator magnets are reviewed with special emphasis on the following topics: field calculation and multipole expansion; layout of coils; influence of iron yoke; mechanical tolerances; magnetic forces and stress in the coils; persistent currents in the superconductor filaments and resulting field distortions; stability of the magnets; quench origins and quench protection; performance of practical magnets; prospects for future applications.
Sensitivity to imatinib but low frequency of the TEL/PDGFRbeta fusion protein in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. (2003)

Although imatinib represents an attractive therapeutic agent for neoplasias associated with abnormal PDGFRbeta signaling, the low frequency of the TEL/PDGFRbeta and Hip1/PDGFRbeta fusion proteins in CMML suggests that its application to this disease maybe limited. Detection of PDGFRbeta fusion genes in individual patients is necessary in order to employ this drug rationally in CMML.
Rejection of flow noise using a coherence function method (1977)

A method has been developed for rejecting transducer flow-noise interference. The method makes use of coherence-function relations between simultaneous pressure measurements at three transducers in the signal field and extracts from the flow-noise background the power spectrum of the signal as received at each transducer. The signal in question can be periodic or stationary random. The coherence function relations are derived on the basis of a multivariate, random-process model. The theory indicates that for a single source or for a group of completely coherent sources, the three transducers can be placed at arbitrary locations in the signal field. For a group of sources that are not completely coherent, the transducers must be located close together relative to the distance from the group. In any case, however, the flow noises at the transducers must be mutually independent. Successful results were obtained in laboratory tests of the method. In these tests a 10–15-dB reduction in flow-noise interference was attained. The method can also be used to reduce other types of noise such as instrument electronic noise.
Fleet Management for Vehicle Sharing Operations (2010)

Astochastic, mixed-integer program (MIP) involving joint chance constraints is developed that generates least-cost vehicle redistribution plans for shared-vehicle systems such that a proportion of all near-term demand scenarios are met. The model aims to correct short-term demand asymmetry in shared-vehicle systems, where flow from one station to another is seldom equal to the flow in the opposing direction. The model accounts for demand stochasticity and generates partial redistribution plans in circumstances when demand outstrips supply. This stochastic MIP has a nonconvex feasible region. A novel divide-and-conquer algorithm for generating p-efficient points, used to transform the problem into a set of disjunctive, convex MIPs and handle dual-bounded chance constraints, is proposed. Assuming independence of random demand across stations, a faster cone-generation method is also presented. In a real-world application for a system in Singapore, the potential of redistribution as a fleet management strategy and the value of accounting for inherent stochasticities are demonstrated.
Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of SnSb-Ag Composite Alloy Anode Materials (2011)

SnSb-Ag composite alloy anode materials were synthesized using chemical reduction method. Their microstructures, morphologies and electrochemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), constant current charge/discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicated that the addition of Ag resulted in the formation of irregular layered structures and different void sizes after several charge/discharge cycles, which greatly reduced the distance of lithium ion diffusion and the occurrence of lithium trapping in the active electrode materials and increased the space available for volume expansion. Thus, the composite anode materials were protected from powdering and shredding, resulting in a greatly improved cycling stability. For example, the SnSbAg0.2 composite anode exhibited excellent cycle life by controlling the lithiation of the Ag, the reversible capacity for the 50th cycle was measured to be 518 mAh/g and the reversible capacity retention reached 82.04% between 0.1 V and 1.5 V.
Imaging complex structures using band-limited Green's functions (1994)

Many geophysical processes can be formulated in terms of the Green's functions of the wave equation. A process such as pre-stack Kirchhoff migration requires the estimation of the Green's function for every surface (source or receiver) location. The cost of calculating and storing the full Green's function is often prohibitive. Calculating one Green's function involves solving the full two-way wave equation for an impulsive source at each surface location. The storage required for the full Green's function is very large, the Green's function has an extra dimension, depth, compared to surface seismic data.
Fourteen nucleotides in the second complementarity-determining region of a human heavy-chain variable region gene are identical with a sequence in a human D minigene. (1982)

A sequence of 14 nucleotides in one human diversity (D) minigene (D2) is identical with a sequence in complementarity-determining region 2 (CDR2) of one human gene for the variable region of the heavy chain of immunoglobulin. The finding that nucleotide segments present in a D minigene can appear in CDR2 raises the possibility that other minigene segments may be involved in the generation of antibody diversity and complementarity or that nucleotide segments may move from one CDR to another by a gene conversion mechanism.
Conclusion (1999)

The Cold War provided a structure, lasting for nearly half a century, within which major developments, the end of colonialism, the creation of the European Union, and even the emergence of the Pacific economies, were opposed or supported, accommodated, articulated and interpreted. To a considerable degree it also imposed a perspective upon the great conflict which preceded it. Most obviously, because it seemed to make ideology the key to the present, the Cold War perspective emphasised the ideological dimension of the Second World War, conceiving of it as a clash of ideologies. Thus the concept of a war against fascism, rather than of a war between states wedded to different ideologies and systems, was influential. The fact that none of the allies had, in fact, gone to war to crusade against fascism was not allowed to interfere with what was, essentially, a convenient fiction.