gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safety and pharmacokinetics of bivatuzumab mertansine in patients with CD44v6-positive metastatic breast cancer: final results of a phase I study (2007)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics and preliminary efficacy of bivatuzumab mertansine in patients with CD44v6-positive metastatic breast cancer. Anthracycline and taxane-pretreated patients with metastatic breast cancer that expressed CD44v6 received one single infusion of bivatuzumab mertansine and were observed for 21 days within one treatment course. Starting dose was 25 mg/m, while dose was escalated by increments of 25 mg/m. Patients who experienced a disease stabilization were eligible for further courses with bivatuzumab mertansine. Blood serum samples were taken throughout the treatment period for pharmacokinetic analysis. Twenty-four patients were treated at eight different dose levels (25-200 mg/m), seven of these patients received more than one course of bivatuzumab mertansine. Two dose-limiting toxicities occurred: one patient treated with 125 mg/m developed transient National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria grade 4 elevation of liver enzymes; another patient treated at 175 mg/m experienced National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria grade 3 vomiting. She died from renal failure, which might have been caused by deterioration of pre-existing renal insufficiency. The most common toxicities were transient and mild skin disorders in 75% of patients. As a consequence of one fatal toxic epidermal necrolysis that occurred in a study running in parallel, the clinical trials programme of bivatuzumab mertansine was discontinued. None of the patients developed antibodies against bivatuzumab mertansine. No objective responses were observed. Disease stabilization was achieved in 50% of patients independently of dose level. In conclusion, bivatuzumab mertansine targets CD44v6 and appears to stabilize heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer that expresses CD44v6. The maximum tolerated dose could not be determined in this trial as the sponsor discontinued the clinical development of bivatuzumab mertansine.
Luminex donor‐specific crossmatches (2008)

In Luminex bead-based screening assays, color-coded microspheres coated with human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are used to identify both complement-binding and non-complement-binding HLA class I and II antibodies in recipient sera. Many laboratories rely on their specificity detection and use the information obtained for allocation of donor organs. A donor-specific crossmatch in the Luminex technique (LumXm) is for that reason desirable. A LumXm, in which the actual donor HLA are coated onto specific capture beads, was tested for 88 pre- and posttransplant sera of 18 recipients. The results were compared with previously published flow cytometric crossmatch (FCXm) results for the same donor-recipient combinations. All sera were also examined by Luminex single antigen (SA) tests. Class I LumXm detected 24 of 27 T-cell positive FCXm (89%) and class II 15 of 22 B-cell positive FCXm (68%). Sensitivity of LumXm for class I and II was 89% and 68% and specificity was 98% and 97%, respectively. Discrepant LumXm results were obtained in 13 sera of nine patients (15%). In general, based on SA testing, FCXm showed false-positive results for class I and LumXm gave false-negative and positive results for class II. The LumXm test was proven not to react with recipient sera containing DQ antibodies only, also DP detection was insufficient. The validity of the LumXm has been shown for class I, but its value for class II is uncertain. HLA-DR is most probably correctly identified, the validity for DQ and DP is doubtful.
Polyamine-Modified Gold Nanoparticles Readily Adsorb on Cell Membranes for Bioimaging (2019)

The surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs) can enhance cellular and intracellular targeting. A new type of polyamine-modified gold NPs (AuNPs) are designed and synthesized, which can be selectively absorbed onto the cell membrane. AuNPs with an average diameter of 4.0 nm were prepared and modified with polyamine (R-4C) through amidation. In order to detect the distribution of NPs within cells by fluorescence imaging, AuNP@MPA-R-4C was functionalized with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). The fluorescence-labled NPs AuNP@MPA-R-4C-FITC demonstrated minimal cytotoxicity in several cell lines. Both confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that AuNP@MPA-R-4C-FITC was distributed on the cell membrane. Compared with the free organic dye, the modified AuNPs showed significantly increased accumulation on the cell membrane after treatment for only 10 min. These results suggested that AuNP@MPA-R-4C-FITC can be used as a bioprobe targeting the cell membrane for various biological applications.
Cross-check of Analysis Modules and Reasoner Interactions (2015)

This deliverable presents an extended set of Analysis Modules, including both the improvements done to those presented in deliverable D4.1 as well as the new analysis algorithms designed and developed to address use-cases. The deliverable also describes a complete workflow description for the different use-cases, including both stream processing for real-time monitoring applications as well as batch processing for “off-line” analysis. This workflow description specifies the iterative interaction loop between WP2, WP3, T4.1, and T4.2, thereby allowing for a cross-checking of the analysis modules and the reasoner interactions.
Characterization of an Endoglucanase Belonging to a New Subfamily of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 45 of the Basidiomycete<i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> (2008)

ABSTRACT The wood decay fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium has served as a model system for the study of lignocellulose conversions, but aspects of its cellulolytic system remain uncertain. Here, we report identifying the gene that encodes the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 45 endoglucanase (EG) from the fungus, cloning the cDNA, determining its heterologous expression in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris , and characterizing the recombinant protein. The cDNA consisted of 718 bp, including an open reading frame encoding a 19-amino-acid signal peptide, a 7-amino-acid presequence at the N-terminal region, and a 180-amino-acid mature protein, which has no cellulose binding domain. Analysis of the amino acid sequence revealed that the protein has a low similarity (<22%) to known fungal EGs belonging to the GH family 45 (EGVs). No conserved domain of this family was found by a BLAST search, suggesting that the protein should be classified into a new subdivision of this GH family. The recombinant protein has hydrolytic activity toward amorphous cellulose, carboxylmethyl cellulose, lichenan, barley β-glucan, and glucomannan but not xylan. Moreover, a synergistic effect was observed with the recombinant GH family 6 cellobiohydrolase from the same fungus toward amorphous cellulose as a substrate, indicating that the enzyme may act in concert with other cellulolytic enzymes to hydrolyze cellulosic biomass in nature.
High-Speed Conversion of Cytosine to Uracil in Bisulfite Genomic Sequencing Analysis of DNA Methylation (2004)

Bisulfite genomic sequencing is a widely used technique for analyzing cytosine-methylation of DNA. By treating DNA with bisulfite, cytosine residues are deaminated to uracil, while leaving 5-methylcytosine largely intact. Subsequent PCR and nucleotide sequence analysis permit unequivocal determination of the methylation status at cytosine residues. A major caveat associated with the currently practiced procedure is that it takes 16-20 hr for completion of the conversion of cytosine to uracil. Here we report that a complete deamination of cytosine to uracil can be achieved in shorter periods by using a highly concentrated bisulfite solution at an elevated temperature. Time course experiments demonstrated that treating DNA with 9 M bisulfite for 20 min at 90 degrees C or 40 min at 70 degrees C all cytosine residues in the DNA were converted to uracil. Under these conditions, the majority of 5-methylcytosines remained intact. When a high molecular weight DNA derived from a cell line (containing a number of genes whose methylation status was known) was treated with bisulfite under the above conditions and amplified and sequenced, the results obtained were consistent with those reported in the literature. Although some degradation of DNA occurred during this process, the amount of treated DNA required for the amplification was nearly equal to that required for the conventional bisulfite genomic sequencing procedure. The increased speed of DNA methylation analysis with this novel procedure is expected to advance various aspects of DNA sciences.
Rotational diffusion of particles in turbulence (2013)

Lay Abstract In aquatic environments, particles (e.g., sediment or microorganisms) tend to rotate as they move. For example, rotation is an important component of a microorganism's motion and search for food. Using two simple shapes, a sphere and a prolate ellipsoid (i.e., a football), we examined how shape affects rotation. To isolate the effects of rotation from the effects of settling, we made near neutrally buoyant particles (same density as water). We generated turbulence in a laboratory water tank and introduced hundreds of particles, one shape at a time. While the particles were tumbling in the flow, we measured their rotation by using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV), a technique that uses a laser to light up tracers embedded in the particles and then takes photos in rapid succession to compute the point velocities inside the particle. Since every part of the body rotates at the same angular speed, we determined all components of the angular velocity from the velocities inside the particles. A series of SPIV images showed how rotation of the particle changes over time in the turbulence. Using the average of many different sets of images, we modeled the change in particle rotation over time as a random walk through the range of possible rotations. We found that ellipsoidal and spherical particles rotated with the same characteristic time, unaffected by shape difference. From this we concluded that the large scales of turbulence govern rotation, rather than the small scales; large eddies, which are unable to differentiate between spheres and ellipsoids, determine rotation.
[Analysis of nine autoantibodies associated with systemic autoimmune diseases using the Luminex technology. Results of a multicenter study]. (2005)

Fidis is a reliable and time-saving analytical system for the detection of autoantibodies associated with systemic autoimmune diseases.
A Novel Rotate and Shift Circuit Using Bidirectional Gates (1970)

A bidirectional gate is described which would allow information contained in one register to be transferred to another register or vice versa. The rotate/shift functions may be implemented by gating the data between two flip-flop registers through the shifted or skewed gates connecting the two. The unique property of bidirectional transfer of data signals between two registers permits a simplified and interesting design of a rotate and shift circuit. The implementation of this rotate/shift circuit into a data processing configuration is also illustrated.
ESWL Now Possible for Patients With Pacemakers (1987)

NEWS FOR PERSONS with kidney stones who wear pacemakers—heretofore considered a contraindication for undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)—came in preliminary reports at two recent meetings. At the annual meeting of the American College of Cardiology in New Orleans, Jonathan Langberg, MD, University of California, San Francisco, reported that he and colleagues tested 22 single-chamber pacemakers using 16 different models. The group didn't test any of the dual-chamber or motion-sensitive devices. Each pacemaker was suspended in the lithotriptor's water bath, with both the pulse generator and electrode positioned 5 cm from the point of highest pressure (that is, right where the patient's kidney stones would be). The pacemakers were subjected to 50 to 75 shocks—synchronized with the pulsing—and monitored continuously. None of the 22 pacemakers was damaged by the lithotriptor, and only one malfunctioned slightly. "Based on this study [which will be published in the September issue of<i>Pace</i>], we
Why are relays not always good for you? Performance of different relay deployment configurations in a heterogeneous network (2014)

In this paper, we study three scenarios of small-cell deployment in a heterogeneous network comprising a macro base station (MBS) and a set of small cells. The first scenario corresponds to wired backhauling and the remaining two scenarios correspond to two different ways of wireless backhauling. In one of the scenarios of wireless backhauling, the backhaul links have to compete with the user links for LTE channel resources (user-band relay scenario). In the other, an additional (mmWave) band is available exclusively for operating the backhaul links (dedicated-band relay scenario). For each of the scenarios, several different configurations based on channel allocation and node capabilities are considered. We formulate an optimization framework to model, dimension and evaluate all of these configurations. For user-band relay scenario, our results show that some configurations offer either negative or negligible throughput gains over the MBS-only case. By noting that any relay deployment's performance is upper-bounded by wired backhauling with sufficiently large capacity, the results also show that some other configurations offer very good throughput gains, with values very close to the upper-bound. The results highlight the importance of the right choice of configuration to justify the deployment of user-band relay nodes. Further, our results show that, for dedicated-band relay scenario, a small fraction of a typical mmWave bandwidth suffices to yield performance very close to the upper-bound.
Textbooks and educational development (1990)

A lesson that can be drawn from a discussion on textbooks and educational development is that in designing a textbook project, it is important to take into consideration the resource availability, curriculum requirements, the levels of teacher professionalism, and the availability and utilization of textbooks and other instructional materials. Once minimum teacher training, basic instructional materials, and basic disciplines and supervision structures have been put in place, some diversity in instructional techniques can be introduced. Textbooks and teachers' guides are the essential instruments to help teachers overcome their uncertainty and become more confident in their subject mastery and classroom management. At this point the teachers can be given more latitude to adapt syllabi to accommodate the diverse needs of pupils. At this stage there is also a growing demand for more diversified instructional materials and textbooks. To maximize the contribution textbooks can make in the improvement of instructional quality, they must be designed to fit the specific conditions prevailing in each country. Fortunately, textbooks represent a highly flexible educational technology and they can be adapted to fit the financial possibilities and instructional needs of countries at different levels of development.
Spatially and temporally resolved thermal imaging of cyclically heated interconnects by use of scanning thermal microscopy (2008)

A scanning thermal microscope with a Wollaston probe was used to investigate the spatial distribution and temporal variation of temperature in interconnect structures subjected to thermal cycling. The probe, utilized in passive temperature sensing mode, was calibrated from 20 degrees C to 200 degrees C using a single-layer aluminum microdevice. Spatial measurements were performed on nonpassivated aluminum interconnects sinusoidally heated by a 6 MA/cm(2) current at 200 Hz. The interconnects were determined to have temperatures that decreased with position from a maximum located at the center of both the interconnect length and width. Time-resolved temperature measurements were performed on the same structures sinusoidally heated by a 6 MA/cm(2) current at 2 Hz. Both the peak-cycle temperature and average-cycle temperature were found to decrease with increasing distance from the center of the width of the interconnects.
Glucose metabolism in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy but without excessive weight loss. (1987)

Patients with gastrointestinal malignancy demonstrate impaired glucose disposal during steady state hyperglycaemia, 20.5 +/- 1.4 mumol/kg min when compared with controls 28.2 +/- 2.2 mumol/kg min. This appears to be unrelated to antecedent weight loss, but is related to the presence of metastatic spread (P less than 0.05). Insulin response to hyperglycaemia is normal, but analysis of glucose disposal with time suggests insulin resistance as a factor in the causation of impaired glucose disposal. Free fatty acid levels fail to suppress in cancer patients but their role in the causation of insulin resistance remains unclear.
Characterization of the EMCV-IRES Mediated Bicistronic Translation in Plant Cells (2004)

Internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) were first identified as sequences in viral genomes that allow cap-independent translation initiation. The IRES sequence from the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is able to direct internal translation initiation that allows co-expression of multiple genes from one mRNA. Although EMCV-IRES has also been demonstrated to be functional in transgenic plants, the characteristics of the EMCV-IRES in plant cells have not been fully defined. Using a transient expression system by microprojectile bombardment and quantitative reporter gene assay, we have analyzed EMCV-IRES activity in plant cells. We show that the spacing between the IRES sequence and the second cistron is crucial for IRES-dependent translation efficiency. However, the order of cistrons is not an important factor for the EMCV-IRES-dependent translation in plant cells. Studies in different plant species reveal species specificity for EMCV-IRES activity. Analysis of transgenic tobacco plants suggested that the EMCV-IRES-dependent translation is suppressed in roots.
Ancient Algorithms Adapted to Modern Computers (1964)

(1964). Ancient Algorithms Adapted to Modern Computers. Mathematics Magazine: Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 159-165.
Step-like energy barrier variations of high K/sub u/ material (2003)

Summary form only given. In this work, we have focused on the rotation mode and the energy barrier of material with K/sub u/ larger than 10/sup 7/ erg/cm/sup 3/. The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation was solved to find the mode. To consider incoherent mode properly, a magnetic grain was subdivided into lots of cubic cells with volume of (1 nm)/sup 3/. The energy barrier was determined as the maximum energy difference during switching.
Formation of integral skin polyurethane foams (1999)

Abstract Polyurethane integral skin foams comprise a low density foamed core surrounded by a high density skin of the same material, and are made in a single molding operation. Polyurethane integral skin foams find wide application as structural materials, and the mechanical properties of such foams are significantly affected by the foam structure, which in turn is determined by the foaming process. An experimental and theoretical study of the foam formation process is presented. Experimental results show that increase in the mold wall temperature results in an increase in the upper skin thickness, a decrease in the lower skin thickness, and a decrease in the density of both skins. The core density increases with increasing wall temperature. Increase in the blowing agent concentration produces a small increase in the skin thickness. Computations based on the model of Marciano et al. [Polym. Eng. Sci. , 26 , 717 (1986)] are presented using an efficient numerical technique. Predictions of the model for the skin thickness, core density and pressure and temperature variation with time are in reasonable agreement with experimental data. The model, however, predicts higher skin densities than the experimental measurements. A modification of the initial condition of the model to account for the air bubbles dispersed during mixing gives better agreement between theory and experiment.
Pharmacokinetic interactions of OBE001 and betamethasone in healthy female volunteers (2015)

AUC and Cmax of the betamethasone and OBE001 combination did not differ significantly between treatments. Co-administration of OBE001 and betamethasone was well tolerated and resulted in a tmax median delay of 1 h for OBE001 but not for betamethasone. Co-administration of OBE001 and betamethasone in clinics is feasible and does not require any specific precaution or administration adaptation.
Efficacy of estradiol vaginal cream in postmenopausal women (1979)

In a double-blind parallel study daily intravaginal administration of conjugated estrogen cream and estradiol cream for 14 days relieved vasomotor and vaginal postmenopausal symptoms in 29 postmenopausal women. By day 14, therapy with the estradiol vaginal cream resulted in plasma estrone and estradiol levels closer to those in premenopausal women than therapy with the conjugated estrogen cream. The extent of improvement and final estradiol plasma levels in the estradiol vaginal-cream group correlated. There was no correlation with severity of symptoms or estradiol plasma level at baseline. The metabolism of the conjugated estrogen cream might account for absence of correlation between improvement and final estradiol plasma levels in the conjugated vaginal-cream group.