gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Performance Evaluation And Calibration Of A Modular Multiband Radiometer For Remote Sensing Field Research</title> (1982)

To develop the full potential of multispectral data acquired from satellites, increased knowledge and understanding of the spectral characteristics of Specific earth features is required. Knowledge of the relationships between the spectral characteristics and important parameters of earth surface features can best be obtained by carefully controlled studies over areas, fields, or plots where complete data describing the condition of targets is attainable and where frequent, timely spectral measurements can be obtained. To meet the need for a standard instrument to acquire these spectral measurements, a multiband radiometer suitable for operation from helicopter, small plane, truck or tripod platforms has been developed. The standard unit is eouinped with the seven Thematic Mapper spectral bands with an added band from 1.15 to 1.30 μm however, up to eight user specified spectral bands from 0.4 to 15 μm may be installed under clean field conditions. The radiometer, with available data acquisition systems, can be utilized by remote sensing field researchers to acquire the large numbers of accurate, calibrated spectral measurements needed. The prototype of this instrument has been tested in the laboratory and field. Results of tests of the spectral responsivity of the detectors, the transmittance of the optical filters as a function of wavelength, the fields of view, and the system linearity, temperature stability, noise performance and dynamic range were evaluated. Minor modifications were made to the instrument and the results of final laboratory testing are reported. All channels were stable in response to input flux changes; linear; adequately stable in response to ambient temperature changes; and all channels met or exceeded signal to noise ratio requirements. The optical coalignment and field of view definition as well as the spectral characteristics of the filters met or exceeded requirements.
Transform domain technique: robust watermarking for digital images (2002)

A digital image watermarking technique that is based on the human visual system (HVS) characteristics and the statistical behavior of the edge structures is presented. In this technique the watermark is generated using (i) human visual system parameters so that the watermark does not alter the perceived quality (transparency requirement) of a watermarked image and (ii) a sequence of random numbers generated from a bounded normal distribution so that the technique is robust to malicious attacks. The watermarking technique inserts the watermark into the perceptually most significant discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients so that the technique is (i) robust to image processing operations (such as image compression), (ii) robust to malicious watermark attacks and (iii) perceptually invisible.
Technical issues and opportunities for fuel cell development for autonomous underwater vehicles (2003)

The efficiency and quietness of fuel cells make them attractive power sources for the autonomous underwater vehicles of the future. However, several technical issues must be addressed before fuel cells can surpass the performance characteristics of batteries, including efficiency, reliability, durability, standby operation and storage, changes to orientation, and high shock loads. Improvements to the storage of the fuel (hydrogen or hydrogen sources) and oxidizer (oxygen) make the biggest impact on the size, weight, and utilization of fuel cell systems. Proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are the most attractive fuel cell system and already have been successfully demonstrated for use in Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). AUVs of the future may utilize direct-methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) or solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) which can use liquid methanol or diesel fuel instead of hydrogen.
Parathyroid hormone related protein and hypercalcaemia in breast cancer. (1991)

Tumour derived parathyroid hormone related protein may have an important humoral role in hypercalcaemia associated with metastatic breast cancer.
Tunable external cavity laser based on polymer waveguide platform for WDM access network (2005)

We developed a wide-range wavelength tunable external cavity lasers based on a polymer waveguide platform for use in wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) access networks as a low-cost light source. The lasing wavelength is tuned over 13 nm by thermally changing the reflection spectrum of the polymer waveguide Bragg grating with a heater. With the sidemode suppression ratio higher than 30 dB, it can support 16 WDM channels spaced by 100 GHz. The directly modulated 1.25-Gb/s data streams were successfully transmitted over the single-mode optical fiber link of 20 km.
Role of Fc.GAMMA. receptors in immune regulation and diseases (2005)

The activation threshold of cells in the immune system is often tuned by cell surface molecules. The Fc receptors expressed on various hematopoietic cells constitute critical elements for activating or down-modulating immune responses and combines humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Thus, Fc receptors are the intelligent sensors of the immune status in the individual. However, impaired regulation by Fc receptors will lead to unresponsiveness or hyperreactivity to foreign as well as self antigens. Murine models for autoimmune disease indicate the indispensable roles of the inhibitory Fc receptor in the suppression of such disorders, whereas activating-type FcRs are crucial for the onset and exacerbation of the disease. The development of many autoimmune diseases in humans may be caused by impairment of the human Fc receptor regulatory system. This review is aimed at providing a current overview of the mechanism of Fc receptor-based immune regulation and the possible scenario of how immunological disorders might result from their dysfunction.
Isolation and structural characterization of insulin and glucagon from the holocephalan species <i>Callorhynchus milii</i> (elephantfish) (1989)

Both insulin and glucagon from the pancreas of the holocephalan cartilaginous fish Callorhynchus milii (elephantfish) have been isolated and purified. Two reverse-phase h.p.l.c. steps enabled recovery of sufficient material for gas-phase sequencing of the intact chains as well as peptide digestion products. The elephantfish insulin sequence shows 14 differences from pig insulin, including two unusual substitutions, Val-A14 and Gln-B30, though none of these is thought likely to influence receptor binding significantly. The insulin B-chain contains 31 residues, one more than mammalian insulins, but markedly less than that of the closely related ratfish with which it otherwise exhibits high sequence similarity. Elephantfish and pig glucagons differ at only four positions, but there are six changes from the ratfish glucagon-36 (normal glucagon contains 29 residues) sequence. It is apparent that different prohormone proteolytic processing mechanisms operate in the two holocephalan species.
MND<sub>WSN</sub> for Helping People with Different Disabilities (2014)

This paper introduces a monitoring and navigation system to help people with disabilities ([Formula: see text]). The proposed system is based on wireless sensor networks. In the [Formula: see text] system, each disabled person uses a handheld smart phone device. Three types of disabilities are studied in this paper: (1) blind, (2) deaf, and (3) on wheelchair. We experimented with a three-floor university building. Sensor nodes and cameras are scattered in all rooms and hallways. Smart phones are used to communicate with the sensor nodes to take instructions to navigate through the appropriate path. Dijkstra's algorithm is used for navigation. [Formula: see text] also monitors the disabled person while navigating. The proposed system is compared to a baseline reference experiment. Results show improvement of 34% compared to the baseline reference experiment.
Macrophages and angiogenesis: a role for Wnt signaling (2012)

Macrophages regulate many developmental and pathological processes in both embryonic and adult tissues, and recent studies have shown a significant role in angiogenesis. Similarly, Wnt signaling is fundamental to tissue morphogenesis and also has a role in vascular development. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the field of macrophage-regulated angiogenesis, with a focus on the role of macrophage-derived Wnt ligands. We review data that provide both direct and indirect evidence for macrophage-derived Wnt regulation of physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. Finally, we propose that Wnt signaling plays a central role in differentiation of tumor associated and wound infiltrating macrophages to a proangiogenic phenotype.
Differential-algebraic equations and impasse points (1996)

Impasse points can occur in the analysis of Differential-Algebraic-Equations (DAE's) that, for example, describe the dynamic behavior of electrical networks. Such points are usually characterized by the condition that solutions of the DAE in question cannot be continued beyond them. However, it turns out that several classes of impasse points, each of which represents different behavior of the DAE, do exist. In this paper, relations between these classes and between impasse points and pseudolimit points are examined for the first time. Sufficient conditions as well as necessary conditions for a point to be an impasse are given. Known results similar to ours are restricted to the class of forward and backward impasse points and concern continuously differentiable solutions only. We extend and generalize them; some become special cases of theorems in this paper. Other results are disproved by our counterexamples.
Sexual differentiation in the terminal ganglion of the moth <i>Manduca sexta</i>: Role of sex‐specific neuronal death (1984)

In the insect Manduca sexta the genitalia on the terminal abdominal segments are sexually dimorphic structures but they arise during metamorphosis from segments that are monomorphic in the larva. The motoneurons in the terminal ganglion that innervate these structures were examined by cobalt backfills of peripheral nerves. In the larval stage the population of motoneurons innervating the terminal segments was identical in both sexes. By contrast, the motoneuron populations in the terminal ganglia of adult males and females were strikingly different. No new motoneurons were produced during metamorphosis. Rather, this difference was the result of sex-specific cell death which occurred primarily during the early stages of adult differentiation. Possible mechanisms underlying this sex-specific degeneration of neurons are discussed.
Growth and Geographic Variation in Hospitalizations with Resistant Infections, United States, 2000–2005 (2008)

From 2000 through 2005, hospitalizations with resistant infections (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium difficile-associated disease, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida infection) nearly doubled, from 499,702 to 947,393. Regional variations noted in the aggregate and by individual infection may help clarify modifiable risk factors driving these infections.
Impaired Hepatic Protein Synthesis in AIDS Patients with Low Vitamin A Levels (1995)

Journal Article Impaired Hepatic Protein Synthesis in AIDS Patients with Low Vitamin A Levels Get access David W. Haas, David W. Haas Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee Reprints or correspondence: Dr. David W. Haas, Director, Clinical Infectious Diseases Services, 911 Oxford House, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-4751. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stephen Raffanti, Stephen Raffanti Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Frank Chytil, Frank Chytil Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Lakey, David Lakey Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sandra Alls Sandra Alls Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 172, Issue 4, October 1995, Pages 1167–1168, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/172.4.1167 Published: 01 October 1995
Sasa quelpaertensis leaf extract regulates microbial dysbiosis by modulating the composition and diversity of the microbiota in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mice (2016)

SQE was found to protect mice from microbial dysbiosis associated with colitis by modulating the microbial composition and diversity of the microbiota present. These results provide valuable insight into microbiota-food component interactions in IBD.
Multiprotocol Transport Networking: Eliminating application dependencies on communications protocols (1995)

The Multiprotocol Transport Networking (MPTN) architecture is a general solution that breaks the binding between distributed applications and communications protocols. The MPTN architecture enables existing applications to run unmodified over any communications protocol. In this paper, we first present the trends in networking that resulted in today's networks supporting multiple communications protocols. Next, we describe the classes of problems this support causes. The MPTN architecture is described and presented as a solution to many of these problems. We also present several alternative solutions to the multiple communications protocol problem and compare them to the MPTN solution. Last, we describe the IBM AnyNet™ family of products that implement the MPTN architecture.
Modulating retroreflector architecture using multiple quantum wells for free-space optical communications (1998)

In this paper, we describe a demonstration using a Multiple Quantum Well modulator combined with an optical retroreflector which supported a high speed free space optical data link. Video images were transmitted over an 859 nanometer link at a rate of 460 kilo bits per second, where rate of modulation was limited by demonstration hardware, not the modulator. Reflection architectures for the modulator were used although transmission architectures have also been investigated but are not discussed in this paper. The modulator was a GaAs/Al<SUB>0.3</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.7</SUB>As quantum well which was designed and fabricated for use as a shutter at the Naval Research Laboratory. We believe these are the first results reported demonstrating a high speed free space optical data link using multiple quantum well shutters combined with retroreflectors for viable free space optical communications.
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE BRAIN IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (1982)

Young, I. R.; Hall, A. S.; Pallis, C. A.; Bydder, G. M.; Legg, N. J.; Steiner., R. F. Author Information
Biodegradable liposome-encapsulated hydrogels for biomedical applications: a marriage of convenience (2016)

Hydrogels are hydrophilic three-dimensional networks with demonstrated potential for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Specifically, biopolymer-based hydrogels offer certain advantages over synthetic polymers in terms of biocompatibility and biodegradability. Because of their inherent properties, hydrogels are able to efficiently encapsulate and liberate in a controlled release manner, different hydrophobic and hydrophilic therapeutic molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins and antibodies. Several strategies have been reported in the literature to minimize the potential burst release of encapsulated drugs, thus preventing their local accumulation and consequent toxic responses. Within this context, liposomes embedded in hydrogels have emerged as an attractive strategy to reduce this undesirable effect. This tutorial review covers a selection of the most promising cationic, neutral and anionic biopolymer-based hydrogels containing liposomes, niosomes or vesicles for drug delivery or tissue engineering applications.
EARLY DEATHS IN PEDIATRIC ACUTE LEUKEMIA: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY (2013)

The purpose was to describe the incidence and risk factors associated with early deaths (≤ 42 days from diagnosis) among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in Ontario, Canada. The data source for this population-based, retrospective cohort study was the Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario Networked Information System (POGONIS). Patients with acute leukemia aged ≤ 18 years diagnosed between 1990 and 2010 were included. The study population consisted of 1954 children with ALL and 403 with AML. The early death rate was 40/2357 (1.7%), with 1.1% of patients with ALL and 4.7% of patients with AML dying early. Among all 442 deaths recorded, 9.0% occurred early. Twelve/40 (30.0%) early deaths were attributed to infection. Factors associated with early deaths were AML (p < 0.0001) and age ≥ 10 years at diagnosis (p = 0.038). Future interventions to improve survival may consider focusing on the early treatment period and may target AML and older patients.
Performance enhancement of DS-CDMA microcellular networks with adaptive antennas (2002)

This paper considers the performance of a DS-CDMA system which employs adaptive antenna technology at the base station site of a microcell. By utilising the capability of ray-tracing to provide the complex channel impulse response, a new ray-based simulation methodology for an adaptive antenna in a DS-CDMA system is presented. Results for a typical microcellular environment highlight the behaviour of the adaptive antenna. Finally, with the help of a Monte-Carlo type DS-CDMA capacity analysis, the potential performance enhancement and the sensitivity of the system upon the misspointing of the main beam, are evaluated.
Cyanoethylation of α-Amino Acids. III. Hydrolysis of Cyanoethyl Derivatives (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyanoethylation of α-Amino Acids. III. Hydrolysis of Cyanoethyl DerivativesL. L. McKinney, E. A. Setzkorn, and E. H. UhingCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 8, 1942–1943Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01128a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01128a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of tumors induced in adult Macaca mulata monkeys with Carr-Zilber strain of Rous sarcoma virus. (1980)

The Carr-Zilber strain of Rous sarcoma virus is highly oncogenic for adult monkeys of the species Macaca mulata. In the present study, we examined some characteristics of tumor growth when the tumor either regressed or progressed until it killed its host. We followed the kinetics of antibody formation to antigens coded by CZ-RSV in animals with a different course of tumor disease. The sera of animals tested contained virus-neutralizing antibodies, in addition to gs antibodies. The results are discussed with regard to the possible virus-productive type of interaction between RSV and the monkey cell.
Multicomponent induction response in cross bedding and a weak‐anisotropy approximation (2004)

Studies of multicomponent induction measurements in cross‐bedded formations have been rare. Quantitative interpretation of the measurements is nontrivial partly due to the difficulty in simulating such measurements in a cross‐bedded formation. In this paper, we first study coaxial (Hzz) and coplanar (Hxx and Hyy) induction responses to a cross‐bedded formation using full 3‐D modeling. We then propose a new, weak‐anisotropy model for the prediction of the responses in cross‐bedded formations. The new models give insights into the induction responses and can be simulated more easily. The models work well for relatively small anisotropy ratios (<5).
The Cell-Cycle Regulator CDK4: An Emerging Therapeutic Target in Melanoma (2013)

The recent clinical success of targeted therapies in melanoma directed at the oncogene BRAF validates the concept of targeting oncogenes. The p16-cyclin D-CDK4/6-retinoblastoma protein pathway (CDK4 pathway) is dysregulated in 90% of melanomas, and is, therefore, an obvious therapeutic target for this disease. The main outcome of CDK4 activation is the phosphorylation and, thus, inhibition of the retinoblastoma protein leading to G1-S cell-cycle transition. In addition, CDK4 directly phosphorylates other proteins that promote cell-cycle progression and inhibit both cell senescence and apoptosis. In preclinical studies, the response to CDK4 inhibition correlates with genomic changes that increase CDK4 activity, most notably where the tumor suppressor CDKN2A (p16(INK4A)) is deleted. A central question is whether melanomas with activating events in the CDK4 pathway have become "addicted" to this signaling pathway, in which case inhibition of CDK4 would not simply induce cell-cycle arrest but induce cell death and tumor regression. Recently, a number of selective CDK4/6 inhibitors have entered clinical trials, and these compounds are showing great promise in that they are well tolerated and show clinical benefit. This review discusses the CDK4 pathway, its dysregulation in melanoma, the consequences of CDK4 pathway inhibition, and potential novel combinational strategies for the treatment of melanoma.