gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing antibody microarrays for high resolution SPR microscopy (2006)

A high resolution surface plasmon resonance (SPR) microscopy technique based on the combination of Lumera’s polymer and proprietary optic technologies offers parallel high-throughput analysis of biomolecular binding kinetics on high-density antibody microarrays 1 ( > 1,500 spots in 1.4 cm 2 ). The high resolution SPR microscopy also shows potential as a quantitative drug screening tool (Binding kinetics of a 1500 Dal. peptide has been experimentally demonstrated). However, the high resolution SPR microscopy requires optimal surface modification and dense sample addressing technology. Another constraint for the high density biomolecular microarray experiment is maintaining the activity of proteins during the microarray fabrication process. In this report, various spotting solutions combined with different surface modification chemistries are evaluated for the uniformity and integrity of protein spots in microarrays. The effects of various spotting solution compositions on the protein activity resulting from the microarray fabrication process are also investigated
Undiagnosed Health Issues in Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury Living in the Community (1998)

Health issues reflective of neuroendocrine, neurological, and arthritic difficulties are common long-term health issues for individuals with TBI. Proactive patient education, ongoing health screening with appropriate medical follow-up, and timely interventions for individuals with TBI are indicated. Longitudinal studies are necessary to examine the natural course of post-TBI health difficulties.
Improvement of unstable characteristics of an axial flow fan by air-separator equipment. (1986)

The authors' previous paper demonstrated that an air-separator is the most effective equipment among various different types for the improvement of unstable characteristics of an axial flow rotor. further experiments revealed that this equipment made it possible to eliminate the unstable characteristic thoroughly, if necessary, even if the blade load was unusally heavy. This paper describes the geometric condition to realize this and the discussions of the performance mechanism of the equipment on the basis of the experiments showing the discharge distribution of fluid form the blade tip to separator passage, and the pressure distribution in a blade passage at the tip section of the rotor. It is suggested that the equipment is equally useful at any stage of multi-stage rotor.
24.2 A 7nm 2.1GHz Dual-Port SRAM with WL-RC Optimization and Dummy-Read-Recovery Circuitry to Mitigate Read- Disturb-Write Issue (2019)

Continued transistor scaling increases random $V_{t}$ variation, and wire routing resistance and capacitance; it degrades SRAM performance and results in SRAM design difficulties. Although dual-port (DP) SRAM is useful, because it can offer simultaneous read and write operations with two asynchronous clocks, circuit design is more complex than for a single-port (SP) SRAM when considering worst-case operation. In particular, WL resistance and capacitance (RC) degradation caused by process scaling and read-disturb-write (RDW) problem in a DP-SRAM bitcell are major challenges for DP-SRAM design in advanced technology nodes.
A nanomechanical approach for ultrasonic tissue analysis / (2002)

A model based on the microstructure-accounting mechanical Held theory (doublet/nano mechanics) was developed, in combination with the use of a characterization-mode ultrasound testing method, for the reconstruction of otherwise inaccessible information on the physical properties of biological tissue samples.The change in the physical properties is well recognized to associate with disease inception.Accurate quantitative characterization on these properties, however, has been proved elusive.This study investigated a novel theoretical model, in comparison with that built upon conventional mechanical theories, to test the hypothesis that a discrete representation that takes into account the complex but intrinsic micro-architecture of biological tissue, could offer beneficial implications for separating normal tissue from the abnormal based on the differences of their physical properties.In this study, surgical remnant, snap-frozen breast tissue from multiple subjects were obtained and prepared as very thin sections embedded between two pieces of glass.Both normal and malignant tissue was procured from the same subject.The sandwich structures were tested on a novel ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation system that is capable of accurate measurement on the mechanical responses of the inspected samples through their reflection coefficients within a broad range of frequencies.One broadband iii
A high-current ion source based on a hollow-cathode glow discharge with e-beam injection (2002)

The hollow-cathode glow discharge is harnessed for generation of gas-discharge plasma and production of charged-particle beams at operating pressures of 10/sup -3/-10/sup -1/ Torr. However, the use of this type of discharge as a plasma emitter in wide-aperture gaseous ion sources calls for its operation at a pressure of 10/sup -4/ Torr or less. External injection of extra electrons into the cathode cavity provides a reduction of its lowest limiting operating pressure to below 10/sup -4/ Torr. At this pressure the electric strength of the acceleration gap is sufficient to extract an ion beam of energy several tens of KeV, and the scattering and resonance charge exchange of accelerated ions at residual gas atoms affect the parameters of the beam in this transportation toward a target only slightly. The paper is devoted to an investigation of the mass-charge composition of an ion beam extracted from the plasma of this type of high-current discharge.
Evaluation of the immunogenicity of Campylobacter jejuni CjaA protein delivered by Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium strain with regulated delayed attenuation in chickens (2013)

Campylobacter spp. are regarded as the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, and consumption of chicken meat contaminated by Campylobacter is considered to be one of the most frequent sources of human infection in developed countries. Here we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of Salmonella Typhimurium χ9718 producing the Campylobacter jejuni CjaA protein as a chicken anti-Campylobacter vaccine. In this study chickens were orally immunized with a new generation S. Typhimurium strain χ9718 with regulated delayed attenuation in vivo and displaying delayed antigen expression. The immunization with the S. Typhimurium χ9718 strain producing C. jejuni CjaA antigen induced strong immune responses against CjaA in both serum IgY and intestinal IgA, however, it did not result in the significant reduction of intestinal colonization by Campylobacter strain. The low level of protection might arise due to a lack of T cell response. Our results demonstrated that a Salmonella strain with regulated delayed attenuation and displaying regulated delayed antigen expression might be an efficient vector to induce immune response against Campylobacter. It seems that an efficient anti-Campylobacter subunit vaccine should be multicomponent. Since S. Typhimurium χ9718 contains two compatible balanced-lethal plasmids, it can provide the opportunity of cloning several Campylobacter genes encoding immunodominant proteins. It may also be used as a delivery vector of eukaryotic genes encoding immunostimulatory molecules to enhance or modulate functioning of chicken immune system.
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cell Extract Transcription-Translation Assay: Firefly Luciferase Reporter System for Evaluating Protein Translation Inhibitors (2001)

The promoter for the Staphylococcus aureus capsule polysaccharide synthesis gene (cap1A) was cloned in front of the firefly luciferase gene for use in a cell extract S. aureus transcription-translation system. The assay is rapid, reproducible, and sensitive and has a lower background level than the radiolabeled amino acid incorporation translation assays. We present data evaluating a transcription inhibitor and a number of protein translation inhibitors in this system.
Electron Microscopy Study of the LiFePO[sub 4] to FePO[sub 4] Phase Transition (2006)

The mechanism by which is transformed into isostructural has been elucidated using electron microscopy on large, hydrothermally grown crystals following chemical delithiation. Lithium is extracted at narrow, disordered transition zones on the crystal surface as the phase boundary progresses in the direction of the -axis. The substantial lattice mismatch along (ca. 5%) causes crack formation in the plane. Despite considerable disorder in the transition zone, the general structural arrangement is preserved, leading to good crystallinity in the newly created domains. Implications for improved electrode performance are discussed.
<title>Design Considerations For Underwater Lenses With Water Contact Elements Concentric With The Entrance Pupil</title> (1968)

The combined aberrations of a concentric dome and a lens are discussed. It is shown that a major part of the aberrations cannot be directly attributed to the dome,but is caused by a drastic change in conjugates, which the dome imposes on the lens. Modulation Transfer Curves are presented for comparing the image quality of a highly corrected conventional photographic lens behind a concentric dome with the image quality of a dome-lens combination with integral correction. It is shown that the first approach should only be used for small apertures and field angles.
Wearable object detection system for the blind (2012)

The blind's capacities to navigate in a particular place and to organize their daily activities are of vital importance for their health and well-being. Organizing any kind of simple daily activity can be especially difficult; it is not easy for the blind to distinguish the different items, such as packaged foods and drug containers just by touching with their hands. RFID, or radio frequency identification, is a technology that can provide a support for improving the organization and orientation during the daylight activities. RFID uses radio waves to deliver data from a tag, which stores information, to a reader, which can elaborate the information making decisions. This technology is very useful in many different contexts such as scanning passports, shipments and automatic highway toll collecting. As the RFID technology stands out for its inherent technical nature of any basic RFID system, it may involve additional improvements for numerous applications in the field of health care. In this paper, a RFID device designed as a support for the blind in searching some objects is presented; in particular, it has been develop for searching the medicines in a cabinet at home. The device is able to provide to the blind some pieces of information about the distance and simplify the search; besides identifying the medicines, the device is able to provide the user an acoustic signal in order to find easily the desired product as soon as possible. It is noteworthy the fact that it gives the blind some items of information about the distance of a defined object, that is how near or far it is. This application is obtained using the RSSI (Received Strength Signal Indicator) value, measuring the power of the received signal of the tag.
Scalable Quantum Processor with Trapped Electrons (2003)

A quantum computer can be implemented by trapping electrons in vacuum within an innovative confining structure. Universal processing is realized by controlling the Coulomb interaction and applying electromagnetic pulses. This system offers scalability, high clock speed, and low decoherence.
Synthesis of a Protected 3,4-Dihydroxyproline from a Pentose Sugar (1999)

[reaction: see text] D-Ribonolactone (6) was transformed into N-((fluorenylmethoxy)carbonyl)-3,4-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-D-2,3-cis-3,4-cis-3,4-dihydroxyproline (13) in nine chemical steps. This represents a potentially general strategy for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydroxyprolines, utilizing the pentose sugar series as starting materials.
M<scp>OLECULAR</scp> G<scp>ENETICS OF</scp> A<scp>UXIN</scp> S<scp>IGNALING</scp> (2002)

The plant hormone auxin is a simple molecule similar to tryptophan, yet it elicits a diverse array of responses and is involved in the regulation of growth and development throughout the plant life cycle. The ability of auxin to bring about such diverse responses appears to result partly from the existence of several independent mechanisms for auxin perception. Furthermore, one prominent mechanism for auxin signal transduction involves the targeted degradation of members of a large family of transcriptional regulators that appear to participate in complex and competing dimerization networks to modulate the expression of a wide range of genes. These models for auxin signaling now offer a framework in which to test how each specific response to auxin is brought about.
Enterprise platform systems management security threats and mitigation techniques (2016)

Developers and technologists of enterprise systems such as servers, storage and networking products must constantly anticipate new cybersecurity threats and evolving security requirements. These requirements are typically sourced from marketing, customer expectations, manufacturing and evolving government standards. Much ongoing major research focus has been on securing the main enterprise system purpose functionality, operating system, network and storage. There appears, however, to be far less research and a growing number of reports of vulnerabilities in the area of enterprise systems management hardware and software subsystems. Many recent examples are within types of subsystems such as baseboard management controllers (BMCs), which are intricate embedded subsystems, independent of the host server system functionality. A BMC is typically comprised of a specialized system-on-a-chip, RAM, non-volatile storage, and sensors, and runs an embedded LINUX Operating System. The BMC’s primary roles are always increasing in scope including managing system inventory, system operational health, thermal and power control, event logging, remote console access, provisioning, performance monitoring, software updates and failure prediction and remediation. To compromise or create a denial of service of such subsystems has an increasing impact on equipment manufacturers and large and small enterprises. This report’s primary objective is to research real-world and theoretical hardware and software cyber-attack vectors on enterprise product platforms, inclusive of BMCs, BIOS and other embedded systems within such products. For each presented attack vector, best practices and suggestions for effective avoidance and mitigation are explored. Domains of particular interest are physical access security, hardware manipulation and secure boot protections against software image manipulation, BIOS recovery and secure field debug techniques.
The biodegradability and mechanical strength of nutritive pots for vegetable planting based on lignocellulose composite materials (2010)

Considering the mild degradation strength and the fact that it may be an organic matter reserve for the soil, in the past years lignocellulosic materials have been used as fibrous raw materials in the manufacture of biodegradable nutritive pots for the seedling in vegetable containerized production. This paper analyses the behavior of the nutritive pots madefrom biodegradable composites for the vegetable seedling production process, focusing on their mechanical strength properties and biodegradability. It was found that the biodegradability of composite materials obtained from a mixture of secondary cellulosic fibers, peat, and additives, is strongly influenced by the presence or absence of the rhizosphere effect and the synergistic relations set in the culture substrate between the plant roots and microorganisms, which develop permanently the recycling and solubilization of mineral nutrients. The results showed that the presence in the substrate of some complex populations made by heterotrophic bacteria favors full degradation of the pulp and lignin contained in the substrate and pots composition. Therefore, unlike the reference sample (plant-free), cultivated versions exhibited an intense biodegradation on the account of rhizosphere effect.
Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids on Spontaneous Growth Hormone Secretion in the Baboon<sup>*</sup> (1984)

Blood concentrations of the branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are elevated during fasting in healthy subjects and are abnormally high both postprandially and during fasting in diabetic patients. Despite evidence that these amino acids influence brain metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis, there is little information on the neuroendocrine effects of the BCAAs. This study provides evidence that elevation of postprandial blood levels of the BCAAs alters the ultradian rhythm of GH secretion observed in the baboon during daylight hours. To mimic the postprandial rise in the BCAAs that occurs in diabetic patients, we infused either saline or a mixture of valine, leucine, and isoleucine into six conscious male baboons from 1530-1900 h daily for 4 days during and after the normal feeding time. On the last day of the infusions, blood samples were collected at 20-min intervals from 0800-1500 h and at 30-min intervals from 1500-2000 h. The amino acid infusions increased postprandial blood concentrations of the BCAAs 2- to 5-fold over control levels and lowered the blood concentrations of tyrosine, phenylalanine, and lysine compared to concentrations observed during control infusions. A significant elevation in GH levels occurred in association with BCAA treatment in each animal between 0800 and 1100 h, 13 h after the previous day's infusion. Average +/- SE maximum GH levels observed between 0800 and 1100 h were 11.6 +/- 2.9 ng/ml under experimental conditions compared to a control value of 3.8 +/- 1.2 (P less than 0.02). Whether the increased GH levels represented the generation of a new peak or a phase shift in a nocturnal peak was not determined. Combined with evidence that spontaneous release of GH is neurally regulated in the baboon, this study suggests that changes in the blood levels of the BCAAs modulate neural mechanisms that regulate GH rhythmicity.
Serverification of Molecular Modeling Applications: The Rosetta Online Server That Includes Everyone (ROSIE) (2013)

The Rosetta molecular modeling software package provides experimentally tested and rapidly evolving tools for the 3D structure prediction and high-resolution design of proteins, nucleic acids, and a growing number of non-natural polymers. Despite its free availability to academic users and improving documentation, use of Rosetta has largely remained confined to developers and their immediate collaborators due to the code's difficulty of use, the requirement for large computational resources, and the unavailability of servers for most of the Rosetta applications. Here, we present a unified web framework for Rosetta applications called ROSIE (Rosetta Online Server that Includes Everyone). ROSIE provides (a) a common user interface for Rosetta protocols, (b) a stable application programming interface for developers to add additional protocols, (c) a flexible back-end to allow leveraging of computer cluster resources shared by RosettaCommons member institutions, and (d) centralized administration by the RosettaCommons to ensure continuous maintenance. This paper describes the ROSIE server infrastructure, a step-by-step 'serverification' protocol for use by Rosetta developers, and the deployment of the first nine ROSIE applications by six separate developer teams: Docking, RNA de novo, ERRASER, Antibody, Sequence Tolerance, Supercharge, Beta peptide design, NCBB design, and VIP redesign. As illustrated by the number and diversity of these applications, ROSIE offers a general and speedy paradigm for serverification of Rosetta applications that incurs negligible cost to developers and lowers barriers to Rosetta use for the broader biological community. ROSIE is available at http://rosie.rosettacommons.org.
Diagnosis of Tuberculosis by PCR-based Amplification of mpt64 Gene from Peripheral Blood (2013)

Background: Using blood to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) infection has been advocated for years, but the results were unsatisfactory. In this study, we modified the nucleic acid extraction and amplification methods to see if diagnostic sensitivity could improve. Materials and Methods: We prospectively enrolled 74 patients suspected of having TB infection. The blood was collected from each patient. Modified Triton X-100 differentiated lysis method was used to purify mycobacterial nucleic acid from the cytoplasm of mononuclear blood cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of mpt64 gene fragment were carried out on both mononuclear cells and plasma samples of each patient. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of peripheral blood real-time PCR for diagnosing TB infection was 30.8, 88.8, 95.2 and 15.1%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivities of pulmonary, extra-pulmonary and disseminated TB were 26.9, 45.4 and 50%, respectively. Of the 20 TB patients whose mycobacterial DNA were detected in blood, 11 (55%) had detectable DNA only in their plasma, 7 (35%) only in mononuclear cells, and 2 (10%) in both plasma and cells. When the PCR results of both plasma and white cell were put together, the sensitivity (30.8%) was more than that of either one alone (13.8% for white cell only, 20% for plasma only). Conclusion: Peripheral blood mpt64 PCR amplification can diagnose some TB patients, especially those with extra-pulmonary and disseminated TB. Although the method is not sensitive enough to diagnose pulmonary TB, it may be a potentially useful tool in diagnosing extra-pulmonary and disseminated TB. Mycobacterial DNA could be detected in both plasma and white cells. Combining the PCR results of both plasma and white cells could increase the diagnostic sensitivity for TB.
A Patterned Dielectric Support Process for High Performance Passive Fabrication (2008)

This letter presents a micromachining process to effectively reduce substrate loss via a structure of patterned oxide/nitride fins on a silicon substrate with a resistivity of 1 Omega-cm. Experimental results demonstrate that the insertion loss of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) deposited on the structure can be lowered to the value of 4.33 dB/cm at 40 GHz. Meanwhile, an analytical model is developed to predict the characteristics of the CPW.
Application of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Virology: A Review (2013)

MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is a diagnostic tool of microbial identification and characterization based on the detection of the mass of molecules. In the majority of clinical laboratories, this technology is currently being used mainly for bacterial diagnosis, but several approaches in the field of virology have been investigated. The introduction of this technology in clinical virology will improve the diagnosis of infections produced by viruses but also the discovery of mutations and variants of these microorganisms as well as the detection of antiviral resistance. This review is focused on the main current applications of MALDI-TOF MS techniques in clinical virology showing the state of the art with respect to this exciting new technology.