gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Unique Processable Green Polymer with a Transmissive Oxidized State for Realization of Potential RGB‐Based Electrochromic Device Applications (2008)

Abstract Realization of commercial RGB‐based polymer electrochromic‐device applications can only be achieved by processable materials that possess three complementary colors in the reduced state and are transparent in the oxidized state. This report highlights the synthesis of the first processable green polymer with a transmissive oxidized state. The polymer revealed superior optical contrast in the visible region with fast switching times and robust stability. Hence, this material is the outstanding candidate for completion of RGB color space through commercial polymeric electrochromics.
Effect of Ni/Mn Ordering on Elementary Polarizations of LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>Spinel and Its Nanostructured Electrode (2013)

Elementary polarizations of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 spinel materials with disordered structure (space group, F d −3 m) and ordered structure (space group, P 43 3 2) are quantitatively analyzed in order to clarify how the differences in crystallographic structure affect the rate performance of the cathode materials. A comparative analysis of the disordered and ordered structures disclosed that the nickel and manganese ordering in the spinel-framework would distinctly aggravate the charge-transfer reactions. Furthermore, the ordinary approach to increase the rate performance of an electrode through a reduction of the diffusion lengths and an enlargement of the active surface area with the nano-structured electrode which consists of the disordered spinel revealed that both charge-transfer and solid-state diffusion resistances reduced, but the resistance of lithium migration through the surface films increased significantly.
Digital Technique for Generating Synthetic Aperture Radar Images (1977)

This paper describes a digital processing method applicable to a synthetic aperture radar, to be carried by the space shuttle or by satellites. The method uses an earth-fixed coordinate system in which corrective procedures are invoked to compensate for errors introduced by the satellite motion, earth curvature, and wavefront curvature. Among the compensations discussed are those of the coordinate system, skewness, roll, pitch, yaw, earth rotation, and others. The application of a Fast Fourier Transform in the numerical processing of the two-dimensional convolution is discussed in detail.
Fiber Embroidery of Self-Sensing Soft Actuators (2018)

Natural organisms use a combination of contracting muscles and inextensible fibers to transform into controllable shapes, camouflage into their surrounding environment, and catch prey. Replicating these capabilities with engineered materials is challenging because of the difficulty in manufacturing and controlling soft material actuators with embedded fibers. In addition, while linear and bending motions are common in soft actuators, rotary motions require three-dimensional fiber wrapping or multiple bending or linear elements working in coordination that are challenging to design and fabricate. In this work, an automatic embroidery machine patterned Kevlar™ fibers and stretchable optical fibers into inflatable silicone membranes to control their inflated shape and enable sensing. This embroidery-based fabrication technique is simple, low cost, and allows for precise and custom patterning of fibers in elastomers. Using this technique, we developed inflatable elastomeric actuators embedded with a planar spiral pattern of high-strength Kevlar™ fibers that inflate into radially symmetric shapes and achieve nearly 180° angular rotation and 10 cm linear displacement.
Chemical vapor deposition of aluminum and gallium nitride thin films from metalorganic precursors (1996)

Nearly stoichiometric aluminum and gallium nitride thin films were prepared from hexakis(dimethylamido)dimetal complexes, M2[N(CH3)2]6 (M=Al,Ga), and ammonia at substrate temperatures as low as 200 °C by using low pressure thermal and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Both processes gave films that showed little or no carbon (&lt;5 at. %) and no oxygen (&lt;few at. %) contamination, but in all cases there was hydrogen incorporation. The films were highly transparent in the ultraviolet and visible regions. The barrier properties of the aluminum nitride films in a Si/AlN/Au metallization scheme were examined by using backscattering spectrometry. The growth rate of the aluminum nitride films was as high as 1300 Å /min. Overall, the results suggest that M2[N(CH3)2]6 (M=Al,Ga) are promising precursors for low-temperature/low-pressure thermal and plasma-enhanced CVD of group III nitride thin films.
논문 : 기계적 성질 ; 용탕단조된 Mg-Al-Zn-Si합금의 미세조직 및 파괴거동 (1998)

Microstructure and fracture behavior of the squeeze cast Mg-Al-Zn-Si alloys (AZ91-Si, AZ51-Si, AZ51 Si-Ca) have been investigated in the present study. To clarify the fracture behavior, in-situ fracture test and fractographic observation were conducted. The higher Al content promoted formation of the polygonal type Mg2Si, but resulting in reduction of the ductility due to increase in amount of Mg17Al12 and to presence of coarse Mg2Si. The lower Al content favored formation of the chinese script type Mg2Si which promoted the brittle fracture along the Mg2Si/matrix interface. AZ51-Si alloy had a higher ductility than AZ91-Si, because a number of slip lines were developed inside grains and cracks were blunted by matrix. The addition of Ca eliminated the chinese script type Mg2Si. Instead, fine Mg2Si particles were present in a polygonal shape, resulting in improvement of mechanical properties.
The effect of related message transfer and process times on waiting times and buffer sizes in switch architectures (2003)

A node in a switch architecture is examined. The node receives messages, stores and processes them locally, and transmits them to other nodes. Both message transmission and processing times depend on the message length, which is a random variable. The node is modeled as a queue with a single server where the interarrival and service times are related, and different cases are studied where this relation ranges from direct dependence to moderate correlation. Exponential and uniform probability density functions (pdf's) are examined, and the results are compared to the independent model. A relationship is developed for the system time pdf of a message, which is used to find the system time pdf and the system state probabilities. These quantities are directly related to buffer sizes and transmission delays within the architecture.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Organization of Ripening and Ethylene Regulatory Regions in a Fruit-Specific Promoter from Tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i>) (1992)

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit ripening is initiated by an increase in ethylene hormone concentration. E8 gene transcription is fruit-specific and is activated at the onset of ripening and in unripe fruit treated with exogenous ethylene. To understand how E8 gene transcription is controlled during ripening, we analyzed the effect of deletions of flanking DNA sequences on E8 gene expression in transgenic tomato fruit. We found that a minimum of three 5' and one 3' regions influence E8 gene expression during fruit ripening. DNA sequences that confer responsiveness to exogenous ethylene in unripe fruit are distinct from DNA sequences that are sufficient for expression during fruit ripening.
ADSORPTION AND OXIDATION OF ARSENITE ON GOETHITE (1998)

Arsenic toxicity, mobility, and bioavailability in soil-water systems are highly dependent on its oxidation states and chemical species. In this study, both indirect (FTIR) and direct (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopic techniques were applied to investigate the adsorption and oxidation of As(III) on the surface of goethite. The results indicate that at low pH, the As(V)/As(III) ratio in the solid phase is higher than in the solution phase. As(III) adsorbed on goethite under air dry conditions was not stable. After 20 days, more than 20% of adsorbed As(III) was oxidized to As(V). Birnessite was an active oxidant of As(III), both in solutions and on the goethite surface. This study suggests that the adsorption-oxidation system composed of goethite and birnessite may be significant in decreasing arsenic toxicity in terrestrial environments.
Preparation of an Arenylmethylzinc Reagent with Functional Groups by Chemoselective Cross-Coupling Reaction of Bis(iodozincio)methane with Iodoarenes (2015)

Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of bis(iodozincio)methane with iodoarenes carrying various functionalities such as ester, boryl, cyano, and halo groups proceeded chemoselectively to give the corresponding arenylmethylzinc species efficiently. The moderate reactivity of the <i>gem</i>-dizinc reagent imparted functional group tolerance to the process. The transformations from iodoheteroarenes were also performed; in the case of iodopyridine derivatives, the nickel-catalyzed reaction gave the corresponding organozinc species efficiently. The obtained arenylmethylzinc species underwent the copper-mediated coupling reaction with a range of organic halides.
Cloning, mapping, and molecular characterization of the rRNA operons of Clostridium perfringens (1991)

All 10 rRNA operons have been situated on the genome map of the anaerobic pathogen Clostridium perfringens. Four of these have been cloned and partially sequenced, and their transcriptional patterns in vivo and in vitro have been examined. Expression of rrnA, rrnB, and rrnE is directed by tandem promoters, P1 and P2, whereas rrnH is the only one to be expressed from a single promoter, which resembles P1. On inspection of the nucleotide sequences of the control regions, several sites which might be involved in the regulation of rrn expression were identified. These include a possible upstream activating region which could be recognized by the C. perfringens equivalent of the Escherichia coli Fis protein and a stringent response target site. Studies of maturation of 16S RNA identified two 5' cleavage sites and sequence analysis showed the dG+dC content of its gene, rrs, to be 52%, which is twice that of the genome.
Deleterious effect of glucose pretreatment on recovery from diffuse cerebral ischemia in the cat. I. Local cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization. (1980)

Diffuse cerebral ischemia was created in pentobarbital-anesthetized cats by basilar and bilateral carotid artery occlusions and hypotension. Local cerebral blood flow (ICBF) was assessed autoradiographically with 14C-antipyrine, and local cerebral glucose utilization with 14C-2-deoxyglucose. In animals without glucose pretreatment, 15 min of ischemia led to a homogeneous reduction of post-ischemic cerebral perfusion to 31% of control; ischemia of 30 min produced post-ischemic perfusion heterogeneities in the cerebral cortex and deep gray structures. In animals pretreated with dextrose, 1.5 gm/kg intravenously, heterogeneous cerebral perfusion was observed following only 15 min of ischemia, and a severe global impairment of cerebral reperfusion occurred after the 30 min insult. Deoxyglucose autoradiograms in the latter animals were remarkable for a complete suppression of tracer uptake in the cerebral cortex and a paradoxically increased tracer concentration in the cerebral white matter. Mean plasma glucose in the treated animals exceeded 1000 mg/100 ml. Large glucose loads prior to ischemia dramatically impair post-ischemic cerebral perfusion.
A Single Bout of Exercise at Higher Intensity Enhances Glucose Effectiveness in Sedentary Men (2005)

In conclusion, a single bout of exercise acutely improves S(I)(2)* and S(G)(2)* in individuals with normal glucose tolerance in an intensity-dependent manner.
Immunization With Aspartate–β–Hydroxylase–Loaded Dendritic Cells Produces Antitumor Effects in A Rat Model of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (2011)

These findings suggest that immunization with ASPH-loaded DCs may constitute a novel therapeutic approach for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, because this protein also appears to be highly conserved and expressed on human hepatobiliary tumors.
More integrated gas turbine engine controller design (1997)

The paper presents a novel application of evolutionary algorithms to the problem of integrated control system design for gas turbine aero-engines. Using a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm, candidate control configurations are tested on a model of an aircraft engine to assess performance, safety, stability and other design criteria. An example controller integration design problem, considering some of the problems likely to be associated with new variable cycle engine concepts, is considered demonstrating aspects of the proposed approach that allows many design objectives from different disciplines to be considered in parallel. Potential closed loop control configurations are evaluated and compared with one another within an optimization framework. As a result of this analysis it is shown how informed decisions may be made regarding the nature of the control employed, acceptable performance margins and elements of the engine design.
Volatile species from conductive die attach adhesives (1989)

Microelectronic conductive die attach adhesives have been investigated to determine the volatile species that evolve during curing and after postcure processing, such as preseal bakeout and burn-in. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to measure the volatile species. Three different cure schedules were used to determine the relationship between outgassing rate and cure. Thermal analysis techniques were used to measure the exotherm, glass transition temperature, and total mass loss for each cure schedule. Results are presented and discussed in detail.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Observations on a calcium hydroxide lining in retrieved deciduous teeth, with proximal amalgam fillings (1984)

The integrity and thickness of Dycal linings were determined on exfoliated deciduous teeth in which proximal fillings had been placed in vivo. The teeth remained in the oral cavity for more than 18 months after placement of the restorations. The average lining thickness was found to be 114 microns. One-third of the samples showed evidence for the presence of Dycal at the gingival floor, up to the proximal tooth wall. Wash-out of the lining was observed for most teeth in which Dycal had been present near the proximal tooth wall. Incipient caries formation, associated with wash-out of the lining, was noted in a few samples. Contact between amalgam and dentine was frequently observed at the line angle, pulpal floor and axial wall.
The angular distribution of directional changes of guided 3T3 cells. (1979)

This paper reports that the angular distribution of directional change of 3T3 cells which followed guiding lines on a substrate and left the guidance at various angles shows a peculiar preference for angles between 30 degrees and 60 degrees. Regarding the phenomenon of cellular guidance itself, 3T3 cells faced with a choice between guiding lines toward different directions seem to explore various options before following one. This observation suggests that the outcome of a probing action and not substrate properties alone can explain the guidance behavior of 3T3 cells.
Development of plasmonic semiconductor nanomaterials with copper chalcogenides for a future with sustainable energy materials (2011)

The development of copper chalcogenide based nanomaterials as promising candidates for sustainable energy materials, due to their environmental compatibility and low toxicity, is presented and discussed in this review. Different solution syntheses have recently been developed for the low-cost preparation of copper chalcogenide nanocrystals, and their unique properties derived from copper deficiencies were investigated with much progress. The notorious compositional instability and defect formation of copper chalcogenide nanocrystals have been healed by forming donor–acceptor pairs in ternary and quaternary chalcogenide based nanocrystals, especially in copper zinc tin sulfides (CZTS). In addition to their use as light absorbers in solar cells, copper chalcogenide nanocrystals have also been utilized in different applications, such as electrode materials in Li ion batteries and high efficiency counter electrodes in dye/quantum dot sensitized solar cells as well as for NIR photothermal therapy. All relate to their unique copper deficiency properties. The copper chalcogenide based nanomaterials are believed to be sustainable materials for future energy applications once the syntheses and property investigations have led to a more complete understanding of their physics.
Proanthocyanidin metabolites associated with dietary fibre from in vitro colonic fermentation and proanthocyanidin metabolites in human plasma (2010)

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) or condensed tannins, a major group of dietary polyphenols, are oligomers and polymers of flavan-3-ol and flavan-3, 4-diols widely distributed in plant foods. Most literature data on PAs' metabolic fate deal with PAs that can be extracted from the food matrix by aqueous-organic solvents ( extractable proanthocyanidins). However, there are no data on colonic fermentation of non-extractable proanthocyanidins (NEPAs), which arrive almost intact to the colon, mostly associated to dietary fibre (DF). The aim of the present work was to examine colonic fermentation of NEPAs associated with DF, using a model of in vitro small intestine digestion and colonic fermentation. Two NEPA-rich materials obtained from carob pod (Ceratonia siliqua L. proanthocyanidin) and red grapes (grape antioxidant dietary fibre) were used as test samples. The colonic fermentation of these two products released hydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroxyphenylvaleric acid and two isomers of hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, detected by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Differences between the two products indicate that DF may enhance the yield of metabolites. In addition, the main NEPA metabolite in human plasma was 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid. The presence in human plasma of the same metabolites as were detected after in vitro colonic fermentation of NEPAs suggests that dietary NEPAs would undergo colonic fermentation releasing absorbable metabolites with potential healthy effects.
The pathology of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (2004)

The pathological hallmark of chronic multiple sclerosis includes focal demyelination, gliosis, inflammation and axonal injury. There is limited information on whether these pathological features differ across the clinical phenotypes of the disease (relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive, and primary progressive). This review will focus on the pathological aspects of PPMS and pathogenic implications. A better understanding of the differences in PPMS pathology and pathogenesis will lead to more effective treatment strategies.
Modified cell for stripping voltammetry using the static mercury drop electrode (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModified cell for stripping voltammetry using the static mercury drop electrodeJoseph. Wang and Tuzhi. PengCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 15, 2014–2016Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00142a027RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (400 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A Salivary Nitrophorin (Nitric-Oxide-Carrying Hemoprotein) in the Bedbug <i>Cimex Lectularius</i> (1995)

Salivary gland homogenate of the bedbug Cimex lectularius caused vasodilation of the preconstricted rabbit aortic ring in the absence of endothelium. Vasodilation was augmented in the presence of superoxide dismutase and inhibited in the presence of Methylene Blue. Utilization of the Griess reaction indicated the presence of reactive nitrogen equivalents of the order of 337 +/- 57 pg equivalent NO2- per pair of salivary glands (mean +/- S.E.M.; N = 3). Salivary gland homogenates have a nitrosyl-hemoprotein that releases nitric oxide in a pH-dependent manner. The fraction containing the NO-carrying hemoprotein, when separated by HPLC, caused vasodilation of the preconstricted rabbit aortic strip. Furthermore, the presence of a nitrosyl-hemoprotein in Cimex lectularius salivary gland was verified by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. It is proposed that, as in the case of Rhodnius prolixus (Triatominae), Cimex lectularius salivary glands contain a hemoprotein (nitrophorin) that carries NO from the glands to the host tissues. However, because Cimex lectularius and Rhodnius prolixus belong to different hemipteran families (Cimicidae and Reduvidae) and evolved independently to blood feeding, Cimex lectularius and Rhodnius prolixus nitrophorin may be a case of convergent evolution.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Hydrogen Storage with the Combination of Lightweight Mg/MgH<sub>2</sub> and Nanostructures (2012)

Abstract Review: 113 refs.
The Reaction of Methanesulfenyl Chloride with Alkoxides and Alcohols. Preparation of Aliphatic Sulfenate and Sulfinate Esters (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Methanesulfenyl Chloride with Alkoxides and Alcohols. Preparation of Aliphatic Sulfenate and Sulfinate EstersT. L. Moore and D. E. O'ConnorCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 11, 3587–3592Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01349a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01349a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts