gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From Jets to Jewels (1956)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFrom Jets to JewelsFoamed plastics—an expanding new field for the chemical industry—are going into home insulation, radomes, toys, crash pads, decorations, TV wires, cables, and mattressesBETTY LOU RASKINView Author Information Johns Hopkins University Radiation Laboratory, Baltimore, Md.Cite this: Chem. Eng. News 1956, 34, 21, 2492–2498Publication Date (Print):May 21, 1956Publication History Published online5 November 2010Published inissue 21 May 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v034n021.p2492https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v034n021.p2492newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1956 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views5Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Plastics Get e-Alerts
Wilms' tumor 1-KTS isoforms induce p53-independent apoptosis that can be partially rescued by expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor or the insulin receptor. (1997)

The Wilms' tumor 1 gene (WT1) encodes a transcription factor of the zinc-finger family. As a result of alternative RNA splicing, the gene can be expressed as four polypeptides that differ in the presence or absence of a stretch of 17 amino acids just NH2 terminal of the four zinc fingers and a stretch of three amino acids (+/-KTS) between zinc fingers 3 and 4. In this study, cDNA constructs encoding the four human Wilms' tumor 1 splice variants were transiently transfected into the p53-negative Hep3B and the p53-positive HepG2 hepatoma cell lines. Morphological assessment of the WT1-expressing cells showed that the WT1(-KTS) splice variants induced apoptosis in both cell lines, whereas the WT1(+KTS) isoforms did not. The induction of apoptosis by the WT1(-KTS) isoforms appears to be p53 independent in the hepatoma cell lines. Furthermore, it was found that the WT1(-KTS)-induced apoptosis could not be suppressed by coexpression of either the Mr 21,000 E1B, the Bcl-2, or the BAG-1 protein. Coexpression of either the epidermal growth factor receptor or the insulin receptor, however, partially rescued the cells from apoptosis.
Association of Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Level withRisk of Clinical Progression in Patients with Advanced Infection (1996)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 RNA level in plasma was evaluated as a surrogate marker for disease progression in a clinical trial of advanced HIV-1 infection. Baseline HIV-1 RNA level was an independent predictor of disease progression (relative hazard [RH] for each doubling of HIV-1 RNA level, 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.54; P = .02), after adjusting for the week 4 change in HIV-1 RNA level, baseline CD4 cell count, syncytium-inducing phenotype, clinical status at study entry, and therapy randomization. A 50% reduction in HIV-1 RNA level was associated with a 27% decrease in the adjusted risk of disease progression during the study (RH, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.52-1.02; P = .07). The partial validation of HIV-1 RNA as a predictor for clinical end points has implications for the use of HIV-1 RNA in clinical trials and practice.
Fine-Grain Leakage Power Reduction Method for m-out-of-n Encoded Circuits Using Multi-threshold-Voltage Transistors (2009)

Asynchronous self-timed circuits which tolerate any delay variations are a feasible solution to timing-related problems while they suffer large energy dissipation due to large amount of their circuits. In future process technologies, it has been recognized that leakage power is a large factor in the total power dissipation. In this paper, we propose two leakage power reduction methods for m-out-of-n encoded circuits which operate based on the four-phase handshake protocol using multi-threshold-voltage transistors. One method is based on the traditional power gating technique which reduces leakage power by shutting off the power of idle circuits. Another method is to apply high-threshold-voltage transistors into the off-state transistors whose gate input signals are inactive in the idle phase. The evaluation results show that about 94% and 81% of the leakage power in the idle phase can be reduced.
Adaptive switching scheme for space-time coded OFDM systems (2006)

Previous research has identified two efficient and complementary diversity techniques for OFDM: space-time and space-frequency block coding (STBC/SFBC). Each coding scheme is known to be stronger than the other under certain channel conditions. For large delay spread channels, STBC yields superior performance while SFBC results in better performance under high Doppler frequency. This paper proposes a criterion for the switching of these two schemes considering the normalized delay spread and normalized Doppler frequency simultaneously over the various channel environments. An improved performance is achieved by selecting one of the two schemes based on the proposed switching criterion.
Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors and Their Application to Inflammatory Disorders (2009)

Inhibitors of Rho kinase (ROCK) have many potential therapeutic applications. The biological focus of this overview will be on the role of ROCK in inflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis and asthma. Many ROCK inhibitors have been described in the primary and patent literature, and a diverse range of chemical scaffolds is beginning to emerge. Some of the structural classes that will be highlighted in this review include: isoquinolines, indazoles, amino-furazans, dihydropyrimidines, aminopyrimidines, benzodioxane carboxamides, benzimidazoles, and chroman amides.
Security in container-based virtualization through vTPM (2016)

Cloud computing is a wide-spread technology that enables the enterprises to provide services to their customers with a lower cost, higher performance, better availability and scalability. However, privacy and security in cloud computing has always been a major challenge to service providers and a concern to its users. Trusted computing has led its way in securing the cloud computing and virtualized environment, during the past decades.
New Color Picture Tube System for Portable TV Receivers (1972)

Since RCA introduced the internal pole piece gun in the 700 picture tube in 1954, dynamic convergence of the individual beams has been the standard of the industry. With the 900 precision in-line color picture tube assembly, RCA introduces a totally new concept in color television display system utilizing an advanced design of the electron gun, the deflection yoke, and the picture tube to achieve superior performance in a simplified inherently lower-cost system. The combination of a precision unitized close-spaced in-line gun and a line-focus type PST ( precision static toroid) deflection yoke makes practical the first inherent self-converging color system. Convergence equivalent or superior to that of present commercial receivers is achieved without the use of any dynamic convergence correction or circuitry.
Ca<sup>2+</sup>channel blockade by verapamil inhibits GMCs and diarrhea during small intestinal inflammation (1997)

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the blockade of L-type Ca2+ channels with verapamil suppresses giant migrating contractions (GMCs) and therefore diarrhea during small intestinal inflammation. Small intestinal inflammation was induced by infection with the nematode Trichinella spiralis. T. spiralis infection alone significantly increased the frequency of GMCs and decreased the frequency of phase III activity in the small intestine for 9 days. The increased frequency of GMCs was associated with diarrhea. Immunohistochemical staining with specific antibodies indicated that the number of neutrophils and mast cells increased significantly in the jejunal lamina propria during T. spiralis infection. Only the neutrophils increased significantly in the muscularis externa of the jejunum. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity increased significantly in the jejunal and ileal lamina propria. Daily verapamil administration during T. spiralis infection significantly reduced the frequency of GMCs and diarrhea but had no further significant effect on the already reduced frequency of phase III activity. Verapamil administration, however, did not reduce MPO activity or immunocyte infiltration in the jejunum or ileum. We conclude that blockade of L-type Ca2+ channels selectively reduces the frequency of GMCs and therefore diarrhea during small intestinal inflammation. The decreased frequency of GMCs is not secondary to a reduction in the inflammatory response.
Diversity characterization of body-worn textile antenna system at 2.4 GHz (2006)

A body-worn textile antenna system which consists of four electrotextile patch antennas is demonstrated in this paper. A series of experiments to characterize the diversity performance of the antenna for indoor multipath environments have been conducted. From these experiments, we show that the proposed wearable antenna configuration delivers an 8-12 dB improvement in signal level in fading that occur 10% of the time, compared to a single antenna in the same environments.
Myocardin-related transcription factors control the motility of epicardium-derived cells and the maturation of coronary vessels (2014)

An important pool of cardiovascular progenitor cells arises from the epicardium, a single layer of mesothelium lining the heart. Epicardium-derived progenitor cell (EPDC) formation requires epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the subsequent migration of these cells into the sub-epicardial space. Although some of the physiological signals that promote EMT are understood, the functional mediators of EPDC motility and differentiation are not known. Here, we identify a novel regulatory mechanism of EPDC mobilization. Myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)-A and MRTF-B (MKL1 and MKL2, respectively) are enriched in the perinuclear space of epicardial cells during development. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling and disassembly of cell contacts leads to nuclear accumulation of MRTFs and the activation of the motile gene expression program. Conditional ablation of Mrtfa and Mrtfb specifically in the epicardium disrupts cell migration and leads to sub-epicardial hemorrhage, partially stemming from the depletion of coronary pericytes. Using lineage-tracing analyses, we demonstrate that sub-epicardial pericytes arise from EPDCs in a process that requires the MRTF-dependent motile gene expression program. These findings provide novel mechanisms linking EPDC motility and differentiation, shed light on the transcriptional control of coronary microvascular maturation and suggest novel therapeutic strategies to manipulate epicardium-derived progenitor cells for cardiac repair.
Focus on modified microcins: structural features and mechanisms of action (2002)

Microcins are gene-encoded antimicrobial (poly)peptides secreted by Enterobacteriaceae. Produced under conditions of nutrient depletion, they are active against phylogenetically related microbial strains. Therefore, they are considered to play an important role in the microbial competitions within the intestinal flora. Among the limited sample of nine microcins hitherto described, a wide variety of structures and modes of action could be identified. The knowledge on microcins is very uneven, some being extensively studied, and others remaining uncharacterized. In this article, we have focused on a subgroup of highly modified microcins that show very original structures. We present an updated overview on the structures and mechanisms of action of microcins B17, C7 and J25, and on the associated effector proteins, also encoded by the microcin genetic system, which include specific modification enzymes, export proteins, and immunity factors.
What Is Computer Ethics?* (2020)

Indeed, much of the important work in computer ethics is devoted to proposing conceptual frameworks for understanding ethical problems involving computer technology. Although computer ethics is a field between science and ethics and depends on them, it is also a discipline in its own right which provides both conceptualizations for understanding and policies for using computer technology. This chapter shows that computer ethics is likely to have increasing application in our society. The most obvious kind of invisibility which has ethical significance is invisible abuse. Invisible abuse is the intentional use of the invisible operations of a computer to engage in unethical conduct. Although the general use of a biased reservation service is ethically suspicious, a programmer of such a service may or may not be engaged in invisible abuse. The challenge for computer ethics is to formulate policies which will help people deal with this dilemma.
Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygenation on Metabolism V. Comparison of Protective Agents at 5 Atmospheres 100% Oxygen (1969)

During 5 ATA oxygen exposures: The GSH was the best single compound for protecting against oxygen toxicity. This appears to be a combined SH protection and metabolite (glutamate → GABA → succinate) protection. The SH group protection, as evidenced by the cysteine experiments, was not as effective as the metabolites: succinate, glutamate, and GABA. The acid-base buffer Tris was less effective than the SH group protectors, or GABA, glutamate, or succinate. Glucose and malate gave no protection against oxygen toxicity.
Long-term changes in the material properties of brain tissue at the implant–tissue interface (2013)

Understanding biomechanical behavior at the brain-microelectrode interface is necessary for the long-term success of implantable neuroprosthetics and microelectrode arrays. Such quantitative physical characterization of the dynamic changes in the electrode-tissue interface will (a) drive the design and development of more mechanically optimal, chronic brain implants, and (b) lead to new insights into key cellular and molecular events such as neuronal adhesion, migration and function in the immediate vicinity of the brain implant.
PVT variation detection and compensation methods for high-speed systems (2013)

Methods of CMOS resistance process voltage temperature variation detection and compensation are described. Two different approaches are proposed and comparative analysis is performed. The first solution makes use of an external precise resistor as a variation reference, while the second one uses reference clock frequency for the same purpose. Detection of variations is realized using the proposed digital and analog solutions. Efficiency of the suggested methods are tested and presented for high-speed CMOS systems.
Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier for ultrashort high-power multikilohertz pulses without an external stretcher (1995)

We report a simple and robust Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier without prepulse stretching. Pulse stretching by positive group-velocity dispersion and negative third-order dispersion are provided by highly dispersive flint glass prisms inside the regenerative amplifier cavity. Using a single-grating compressor, we obtain transform-limited 60-fs Gaussian pulses at up to a 5-kHz repetition rate with energy of 50 μJ/pulse.
Graphene oxide: a promising carbocatalyst for the regioselective thiocyanation of aromatic amines, phenols, anisols and enolizable ketones by hydrogen peroxide/KSCN in water (2016)

Graphene oxide as a heterogeneous carbocatalyst catalyzes the direct thiocyanation of a variety of arenes and enolizable carbonyl compounds.
Notice of Retraction: Numerical study of aerodynamic performance of a aircraft swept wing with leading-edge ice accretions (2010)

Retracted.
Convolutional Networks with Dense Connectivity (2020)

Recent work has shown that convolutional networks can be substantially deeper, more accurate, and efficient to train if they contain shorter connections between layers close to the input and those close to the output. In this paper, we embrace this observation and introduce the Dense Convolutional Network (DenseNet), which connects each layer to every other layer in a feed-forward fashion.Whereas traditional convolutional networks with L layers have L connections - one between each layer and its subsequent layer - our network has L(L+1)/2 direct connections. For each layer, the feature-maps of all preceding layers are used as inputs, and its own feature-maps are used as inputs into all subsequent layers. DenseNets have several compelling advantages: they alleviate the vanishing-gradient problem, encourage feature reuse and substantially improve parameter efficiency. We evaluate our proposed architecture on four highly competitive object recognition benchmark tasks (CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, SVHN, and ImageNet). DenseNets obtain significant improvements over the state-of-the-art on most of them, whilst requiring less parameters and computation to achieve high performance.
Purification, Characterization, and Gene Cloning of Purine Nucleosidase from <i>Ochrobactrum anthropi</i> (2001)

A bacterium, Ochrobactrum anthropi, produced a large amount of a nucleosidase when cultivated with purine nucleosides. The nucleosidase was purified to homogeneity. The enzyme has a molecular weight of about 170,000 and consists of four identical subunits. It specifically catalyzes the irreversible N-riboside hydrolysis of purine nucleosides, the K(m) values being 11.8 to 56.3 microM. The optimal activity temperature and pH were 50 degrees C and pH 4.5 to 6.5, respectively. Pyrimidine nucleosides, purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, NAD, NADP, and nicotinamide mononucleotide are not hydrolyzed by the enzyme. The purine nucleoside hydrolyzing activity of the enzyme was inhibited (mixed inhibition) by pyrimidine nucleosides, with K(i) and K(i)' values of 0.455 to 11.2 microM. Metal ion chelators inhibited activity, and the addition of Zn(2+) or Co(2+) restored activity. A 1.5-kb DNA fragment, which contains the open reading frame encoding the nucleosidase, was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli. The deduced 363-amino-acid sequence including a 22-residue leader peptide is in agreement with the enzyme molecular mass and the amino acid sequences of NH(2)-terminal and internal peptides, and the enzyme is homologous to known nucleosidases from protozoan parasites. The amino acid residues forming the catalytic site and involved in binding with metal ions are well conserved in these nucleosidases.
Effect of 2'-nor-cyclic GMP against guinea pig cytomegalovirus infection (1989)

Cyclic phosphate derivative of DHPG, 2'-nor-cGMP [9-[(2-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl)oxymethyl]-guani ne phosphate-oxide] was evaluated for activity against guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) infection in cultured guinea pig embryo cells and in guinea pigs. By virus yield reduction and plaque reduction assays, 2'-nor-cGMP was demonstrated to be 15- to 20-fold more potent against GPCMV infection than its parental drug DHPG. The selectivity index of 2-nor-cGMP was 110, which was 10-fold higher than that of DHPG. In cultured cells, 2'-nor-cGMP attained maximal antiviral activity when added to the cells within 12 h postinfection. In the studies on GPCMV infection in guinea pigs, 2'-nor-cGMP administered subcutaneously once daily (5 mg/kg per day) for 8 days, starting 24 after virus inoculation, significantly suppressed GPCMV infectivity titers in the blood, spleen, lung, and salivary gland during acute infection (10 days postinfection) as compared with sham-treated infected animals. A greater reduction of GPCMV infectivity titers in the salivary gland was noted during chronic infection (i.e., 24 days postinfection). Clinically, splenomegaly and peripheral lymphocytosis were significantly modified as compared with the sham-treated animals (P less than 0.05). The drug, administered at this dosage, was reasonably tolerated by the guinea pigs and showed clinical benefit.
Microstructure and properties of Bi <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> doped 0.8(K <sub>0.52</sub> Na <sub>0.48</sub> ) NbO <sub>3</sub> –0.2KSr <sub>2</sub> Nb <sub>5</sub> O <sub>15</sub> lead‐free ceramics (2019)

The 0.8(K 0.52 Na 0.48 )NbO 3 –0.2KSr 2 Nb 5 O 15 ‐yBi 2 O 3 (0.8KNN‐0.2KSN‐yBi 2 O 3 ) lead‐free ferroelectric composite ceramics were synthesised using rod‐like KSr 2 Nb 5 O 15 (KSN) and isometric (K 0.52 Na 0.48 )NbO 3 (KNN) particles as raw material. Effects of Bi 2 O 3 doping content on microstructure, electrical, and optical properties were researched. The results indicated that the addition of Bi 2 O 3 helps to densify 0.8KNN‐0.2KSN‐y Bi 2 O 3 ceramics within limits without changing phase structure and microstructure. The dielectric constant and phase transition dispersion degree increased with the increase of Bi 2 O 3 while the dielectric loss decreased. Besides, the dielectric tunability was maintained in the range of 43.7∼51.8%, and reached its maximum when Bi 2 O 3 content was 1 wt%. In addition, the remnant polarisation and coercive field decreased with the increase of Bi 2 O 3 , as well as the optical transmittance of 0.8KNN‐0.2KSN, but the transmittance of all samples was above 48%.
Space‐filling problems in ramose trepostome bryozoans as exemplified in a giant colony from the Permian of Greenland (2001)

In order to maintain branch strength and a confluent outer membrane, trepostome bryozoans had to maintain a continuous colony surface without any structural gaps. This put great constructional demands on colonies with relatively thick exozones to fill the exozonal space while preserving a suitable autozooecial spacing for colony-wide feeding currents. This situation was magnified in a giant colony of the trepostome Tabulipora from the Early Permian Kim Fjelde Fm. in eastern North Greenland. This single branch colony fragment had a diameter of 37.5 mm. A block was cut out of the 8- mm thick exozone, and 20 serial tangential peels were made at varying distances from the endozone. Exilazooecial and autozooecial chamber cross-sectional area, packing, spacing, and wall thickness were measured in the maculae and intermacular areas. Results indicate that, in this colony, volumetric space in the exozone was occupied by budding new exilazooecia in the maculae and by exozonal budding: budding of new exilazooecia in the intermacular areas that transform into autozooecia. Exilazooecia played a dominantly space-filling role in the maculae as well as helped to maintain regular spacing of autozooecia in the intermacular areas.
New and Practical (1969)

Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation: Section of Anesthesiology (Dr. Martin) and of Microbiology (Dr. Ulrich), Rochester, Minnesota 55901. This investigation was not supported by grants or outside funds.
Metalloproteinases and their inhibitors—diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities in orthopedics (2009)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and related enzymes (ADAMs, ADAMTS) and their inhibitors control matrix turnover and function. Recent advances in our understanding of musculoskeletal conditions such as tendinopathy, arthritis, Dupuytren's disease, degenerative disc disease, and bone and soft tissue healing suggest that MMPs have prominant roles. Importantly, MMPs are amenable to inhibition by cheap, safe, and widely available drugs such as the tetracycline antibiotics and the bisphosphonates. This indicates that these MMP inhibitors, if proven effective for any novel indication, may be quickly brought into clinical practice.