gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrospun Collagen Fibers with Spatial Patterning of SDF1α for the Guidance of Neural Stem Cells (2015)

Producing gradients of biological cues into nerve conduits is crucial for nerve guidance and regeneration. Herein, the fabrication of gradients of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF1α) on electrospun collagen mats is reported using an electrohydrodynamic jet printing technique. The fabrication of various SDF1α gradated patterns on collagen fibrous mats is successfully demonstrated including shallow continuous gradient, steep continuous gradient, and step gradient by controlling the processing parameters. The SDF1α graded collagen scaffolds show a long-term stable gradient, as SDF1α is fused with a unique peptide of collagen binding domain (CBD), and CBD-SDF1α can specifically bind to the collagen mat. Such graded scaffolds exhibit sustained release of SDF1α. Further examination of neural stem cell (NSC) response to the CBD-SDF1α gradients with various patterns show that the NSCs can sense the CBD-SDF1α gradients, display a polarized morphology, and tend to migrate toward the region with a higher CBD-SDF1α content. The collagen mats with CBD-SDF1α gradients guide gradual distribution of NSCs, and NSC-differentiated neurons and astrocytes after seeding for 1 and 7 d. This new class of CBD-SDF1α gradient scaffolds can potentially be employed for guided nerve regeneration.
The Subunit Structure of Thiolase (1970)

Thiolase from pig heart has been carboxymethylated in 6 M guanidine‐HCl, and the N‐terminal sequence of the carboxymethylated protein is shown to be uniquely Val‐Ser‐Lys. A trypsin digest has been examined by peptide mapping techniques and the number of peptides (42–46) detected is in good agreement with the total number of lysine and arginine residues calculated from the amino acid composition of the enzyme tetramer and assuming 4 identical chains per 170 000 g of protein. No evidence for the presence of more than one type of subunit was found when both the untreated and the carboxymethylated proteines were examined by polyacrylamide and starch gel electrophoresis in 6 M urea. From these results it is proposed that thiolase is composed of four very similar and probably identical protein chains each comprising approximately 400 amino acids including one catalytically active cysteine.
Small Screw Compressors for Automobile Air Conditioning Systems (1980)

Following features are required to the compressor for the automobile air-conditioning systems :(1) larger cooling capacity (2) less power consumption (3) smaller both in size and weight (4) quieter when operated These requirements will become more severe in the future with the shortage of the fossil fuel.Among the positive displacement type compressors, screw compressors seem to satisfy these demands from the automobile manufacturers with their promissing characteristics with an unloader device.Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. has been studying and developed small screw compressor for automobile air conditioner, some of the theoretical and experimental results of which are presented in the paper.Further advantage of the screw compressor will be obtained with the improvement as follows: (l) Reducing compressor size and weight by high speed operation.(2) Increasing system's efficiency by applying the economyzer system.(3) Developing a rotor profile with smaller internal leakage area.(1) Small Size and Light Weight This compressor uses 85mm male rotor with unsymmetric profile, and a detached high
P-Complete Approximation Problems (1976)

For P-complete problems such as traveling salesperson, cycle covers, 0-1 integer programming, multicommodity network flows, quadratic assignment, etc., it is shown that the approximation problem is also P-complete. In contrast with these results, a linear time approximation algorithm for the clustering problem is presented.
REACTION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS WITH METALS (1966)

CONTENTS I. Introduction 144 II. Structure and properties of nucleic acids 144 III. Effect of metal ions on the properties of nucleic acids 146 IV. Compounds of nucleic acids with metals 147 V. Structure of complexes of metals with nucleic acids 148 VI. Stability of complexes of metals with DNA 150
A performance evaluation of scientific I/O workloads on Flash-based SSDs (2009)

Flash-based solid state disks (SSDs) are an alternative form of storage device that promises to deliver higher performance than the traditional mechanically rotating hard drives. While SSDs have seen utilization in embedded, consumer, and server computer systems, there has been little understanding of its performance effects with scientific I/O workloads. This paper provides a trace driven performance evaluation of scientific I/O workloads on SSDs. We find that SSDs only provide modest performance gains over mechanical hard drives due to the write-intensive nature of many scientific workloads. Other workloads (like read-mostly web servers) would likely see much larger gains. Additionally, we observe that the concurrent I/O (when multiple parallel processes simultaneously access a single storage device) may significantly affect the SSD performance. However, such effects appear to be dependent on specific SSD implementation features and they are hard to predict in a general fashion. These results suggest that abundant cautions are needed when supporting high-performance scientific I/O workloads on Flash-based SSDs.
Reflection on a legacy transaction processing monitor (2018)

In this paper we describe our experience applying the concepts of reflection to a legacy transaction processing (TP) monitor in order to support the implementation of extended transaction models. In the past ten years, numerous extended transaction models have been proposed to address challenges posed by new advanced applications. Few practical implementations of these extended transaction models exist, and none are being used in a commercial TP monitor. We believe the reason for this state of affairs is that the interface and functionality of commercial TP monitors is &quot;locked in&quot; to a fixed transaction model. We have developed the Reflective Transaction Framework as a practical method to implement extended transaction models on a commercial TP monitor. The design of our framework is based on the principles of computational reflection, and in particular open implementation. The implementation of our framework introduces transaction adapters, which are reflective software modules that provide a meta interface to the underlying TP monitor, allowing application developers the flexibility to adjust both the application programming interface and system functionality. Unlike classic reflective systems, the Reflective Transaction Framework applies reflection to a legacy TP monitor written in a non-reflective programming language. This paper focuses on the ability of the Reflective Transaction Framework to perform reflective computation and on the extent to which the legacy TP monitor supports this computation.
Fully Bio-Based Hybrid Composites Made of Wood, Fungal Mycelium and Cellulose Nanofibrils (2019)

Novel hybrid panel composites based on wood, fungal mycelium, and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were developed and investigated in the present study. In one set of experiments, mycelium was grown on softwood particles to produce mycelium-modified wood which was then hybridized with various levels of CNF as binder. The other set of experiments were conducted on unmodified wood particles mixed with CNF and pure mycelium tissue. It was found that the composites made of mycelium-modified wood and CNF resulted in enhanced physical and mechanical properties compared to the ones made by physically mixing wood, mycelium, and CNF. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that mycelium modification covered wood particles with a network of fungal hyphae whereas CNF formed a uniform mycelial film over wood particles. Mycelium modification had a significant effect on reducing water absorption and thickness swelling of the hybrid composites and CNF increased the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity, optimally at 2.5% addition. We also present results and analysis pertaining to the development of unique lightweight composite systems with physical and mechanical properties optimized at 5% CNF addition with potential to be used in packaging and furniture applications.
A Phishing Detection System based on Machine Learning (2019)

As the Internet has become an essential part of human beings' lives, a growing number of people are enjoying the convenience brought by the Internet, while more are attacks coming from on the dark side of the Internet. Based on some weaknesses of human nature, hackers have designed confusing phishing pages to entice web viewers to proactively expose their privacy, sensitive information.In this article, we propose a URL-based detection system - combining the URL of the web page URL and the URL of the web page source code as features, import Levenshtein Distance as the algorithm for calculating the similarity of strings, and supplemented by the machine learning architecture. Due to the great accuracy in small sample numbers and binary classification, we implement Support-vector machine to be the machine learning algorithm model in our system. The system is designed to provide high accuracy and low false positive rate detection results for unknown phishing pages.
Development of New Analytical Method of Vitamins Using Supercritical Fluid (1997)

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography(SFC) has become a technique for solving problems that are difficult to be monitored by other chromatographic methods. However, the most widely used fluid, is no more polar than hexane. Polar samples which are difficult to be analyzed with pure supercritical because of their high polarity can be separated by adding polar modifiers to supercritical . In this paper, a new method for monitoring the mobile phase composition in modified supercritical fluid chromatography was developed. The amount of water dissolved in supercritical was measured by amperometric microsensor which is made of thin film of perfluorosulfonate ionomer(PFSI). The amount of water dissolved in supercritical stayed constant for a much longer time than with a saturator column. With this new mixing device, we could get good resolutions for vitamins which are difficult to separate with pure .
2-Aryl-3-acetyl-4(1H)-quinolones<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2-Aryl-3-acetyl-4(1H)-quinolones1P. C. Anderson and B. StaskunCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 9, 3033–3037Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01020a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01020a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views396Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Machine-type communications as part of LTE-advanced technology in beyond-4G networks (2013)

Machine-Type Communications is an important part of the infrastructure of LTE. This technology connects with all the other new technologies in mobile communications. In this paper, we describe Machine-Type Communications and its relation with other technologies, e.g. heterogeneous networks and device-to-device communications. We will show a simple model of Machine Type Communications in the LTE-A network (random access procedure) and discuss M2M technology. First we describe the concept of heterogeneous networks and device-to-device communications. After that we consider the Machine-Type Communications and power consumption problem.
Oxygen Storage at the Metal/Oxide Interface of Catalyst Nanoparticles (2005)

Holding its breath: Small Pd particles on an Fe3O4 support reversibly store large quantities of oxygen in the form of a thin Pd oxide layer at the particle/support interface. Oxygen from this reservoir can be released during oxidation reactions, as shown by a combination of molecular beam methods, scanning tunneling microscopy, and photoelectron spectroscopy.
Some Highlights of Interferometry in early Radio Astronomy (1991)

Abstract Two important episodes in the early development of interferometry in radio astronomy are traced in detail. The first is the use of the sea-cliff interferometer at the Radiophysics Laboratory in Sydney, first by Pawsey for solar observations and later by Bolton for radio star surveys. The second is the development of the Michelson interferometer and the phase switch by Ryle in Cambridge. This also was employed for important observations of the sun and radio stars.
Automated analysis of single cells using Laser Tweezers Raman Spectroscopy (2015)

In recent years, significant progress has been made into the label-free detection and discrimination of individual cancer cells using Laser Tweezers Raman Spectroscopy (LTRS). However, the majority of examples reported have involved manual trapping of cells, which is time consuming and may lead to different cell lines being analysed in discrete batches. A simple, low-cost microfluidic flow chamber is introduced which allows single cells to be optically trapped and analysed in an automated fashion, greatly reducing the level of operator input required. Two implementations of the flow chamber are discussed here; a basic single-channel device in which the fluid velocity is controlled manually, and a dual-channel device which permits the automated capture and analysis of multiple cell lines with no operator input. Results are presented for the discrimination of live epithelial prostate cells and lymphocytes, together with a consideration of the consequences of traditional 'batch analysis' typically used for LTRS of live cells.
Epidemiology of Tropical Cyclones: The Dynamics of Disaster, Disease, and Development (2005)

Tropical cyclones—variously defined as hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones—regularly impact human populations and periodically produce devastating weather-related natural disasters. The epidemiology of tropical cyclones is fundamentally determined by the physical forces of massive cyclonic systems intersecting with patterns of human behavior. The destructive forces of cyclonic winds, inundating rains, and storm surge are frequently accompanied by floods, tornadoes, and landslides (1, 2). Human factors include land use and settlement patterns, building design and construction, forecasting and warning systems, risk perception, evacuation, and sheltering. Preparedness and mitigation strategies for minimizing harm include family disaster planning, stocking of hurricane supplies, protection of home sites, timely response to public warnings, and alertness to poststorm hazards.

Public health consequences associated with tropical cyclones include storm-related mortality, injury, infectious disease, psychosocial effects, displacement and homelessness, damage to the health-care infrastructure, disruption of public health services, transformation of ecosystems, social dislocation, loss of jobs and livelihood, and economic crisis. These outcomes disproportionately befall developing nations, and human factors strongly influence the observed disparities (3).
Virus Isolations from Pet Birds Submitted for Importation into the United States (1983)

From October 1973 to September 1981, 2,882,111 birds were offered for importation into the United States. All were quarantined for 30 days, and specimens were submitted to the laboratory for virus-isolation studies. Viruses were isolated from specimens from 26.3% (598/2,274) of the quarantined lots of birds. Viscerotropic velogenic Newcastle disease virus (VVNDV) was isolated from 141 lots. Nonviscerotropic velogenic Newcastle disease virus (VNDV) was isolated from six lots. All VVNDV- and VNDV-positive lots were refused entry. The percentage of lots refused entry declined from 31.6% in 1974 to 2.9% in 1981. Mesogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was isolated from three lots, and lentogenic NDV was isolated from 23 lots. Lots positive for mesogenic and lentogenic NDV were allowed to enter the United States. Hemagglutinating (HA) viruses other than NDV were isolated from 24.5% (373/1,521) of the lots imported through privately owned quarantine facilities. Of the 8,563 HA viruses isolated, 1,558 were selected for identification. Forty-six percent were identified as paramyxovirus (PMV)-2, 34% were PMV-3, and 20% were influenza A viruses possessing the hemagglutinin subtypes H3, H4, H7, and H10 and the neuraminidase subtypes N1, N6, N7, and N8. The frequency of PMV-2 and PMV-3 isolations fluctuated from year to year, whereas the frequency of isolations of influenza A viruses decreased from 64% in 1974 to 0.2% in 1981. Viruses that did not agglutinate chicken red blood cells were isolated from 52 lots. Psittacine herpesvirus (Pacheco's disease) was isolated from 25 lots of psittacines. Viruses identified by electron microscopy as reoviruses were isolated from 24 lots.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
150-kDa Oxygen-regulated Protein (ORP150) Suppresses Hypoxia-induced Apoptotic Cell Death (1999)

To determine the contribution of 150-kDa oxygen-regulated protein (ORP150) to cellular processes underlying adaptation to hypoxia, a cell line stably transfected to overexpress ORP150 antisense RNA was created. In human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells stably overexpressing ORP150 antisense RNA, ORP150 antigen and transcripts were suppressed to low levels in normoxia and hypoxia, whereas wild-type cells showed induction of ORP150 with oxygen deprivation. Inhibition of ORP150 in antisense transfectants was selective, as hypoxia-mediated enhancement of glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78 and GRP94 was maintained. However, antisense ORP150 transfectants displayed reduced viability when subjected to hypoxia, compared with wild-type and sense-transfected HEK cells. In contrast, diminished levels of ORP150 had no effect on cytotoxicity induced by other stimuli, including oxygen-free radicals and sodium arsenate. Although cellular ATP content was similar in hypoxia, compared with ORP150 antisense transfectants and wild-type HEK cells, suppression of ORP150 expression was associated with accelerated apoptosis. Hypoxia-mediated cell death in antisense HEK transfectants did not cause an increase in caspase activity or in cytoplasmic cytochrome c antigen. A well recognized inducer of apoptosis in HEK cells, staurosporine, caused increased caspase activity and cytoplasmic cytochrome c levels in both wild-type and antisense cells. These data indicate that ORP150 has an important cytoprotective role in hypoxia-induced cellular perturbation and that ORP150-associated inhibition of apoptosis may involve mechanisms distinct from those triggered by other apoptotic stimuli.
Non-redundant role for the transcription factor Gli1 at multiple stages of thymocyte development (2010)

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway influences multiple stages of murine T-cell development. Hh signaling mediates transcriptional changes by the activity of the Gli family of transcription factors, Gli1, Gli2 and Gli3. Both Gli2 and Gli3 are essential for mouse development and can be processed to function as transcriptional repressors or transcriptional activators, whereas Gli1, itself a transcriptional target of Hh pathway activation, can only function as a transcriptional activator and is not essential for mouse development. Gli1-deficient mice are healthy and appear normal and nonredundant functions for Gli1 have been difficult to identify. Here we show that Gli1 is non-redundant in the regulation of T-cell development in the thymus, at multiple developmental stages. Analysis of Gli1-deficient embryonic mouse thymus shows a role for Gli1 to promote the differentiation of CD4⁻CD8⁻ double negative (DN) thymocytes before pre- TCR signal transduction, and a negative regulatory function after pre-TCR signaling. In addition, introduction of a Class I-restricted transgenic TCR into the adult Gli1-deficient and embryonic Gli2-deficient thymus showed that both Gli1 and Gli2 influence its selection to the CD8 lineage.
Classifying imbalanced data using a bagging ensemble variation (BEV) (2007)

In many applications, data collected are highly skewed where data of one class clearly dominates data from the other classes. Most existing classification systems that perform well on balanced data give very poor performance on imbalanced data, especially for the minority class data. Existing work on improving the quality of classification on imbalanced data include over-sampling, under-sampling, and methods that make modifications to the existing classification systems. This paper discusses the BEV system for classifying imbalanced data. The system is developed based on the ideas from the Bagging classification ensemble. The motivation behind the scheme is to maximally use the minority class data without creating synthetic data or making changes to the existing classification systems. Experimental results using real world imbalanced data show the effectiveness of the system.
A Quantitative Approach for Correction of Background Counts: Determination of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction by Radionuclide Angiocardiography (1982)

A quantitative approach for correction of background counts is described for determination of the left ventricular ejection fraction from first-pass radionuclide angiocardiography. First, the method is investigated theoretically and numerically using a mathematical model. It is demonstrated that the ejection fraction can be estimated relatively well, even in a noisy situation. Second, the method is applied to the left ventricular time-activity curves from two different regions of interest, the carefully selected and the laxly selected, and these are compared to each other. Good agreement (correlation coefficient = 0.96) for 20 patients was obtained between the ejection fractions from the carefully selected region of interest and those from the laxly selected one.
Insertion of Benzene Rings into the Amide Bond: One-Step Synthesis of Acridines and Acridones from Aryl Amides (2009)

Insertion of benzene rings into the amide bond using the reactive intermediate benzyne is described. Aromatic amides undergo smooth insertion when treated with O-triflatophenyl silane benzyne precursors, producing versatile aminobenzophenone products in good to excellent yield. The process is entirely metal-free and has been exemplified on the synthesis of biologically active acridones and acridines.