gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real time detection of stopped vehicles in traffic scenes (2007)

Computer vision techniques are widely employed in Traffic Monitoring Systems (TMS) to automatically derive statistical information on traffic flow and trigger alarms on significant events. Research in this field embraces a wide range of methods developed to recognize moving objects and to infer their behavior. Tracking systems are used to reconstruct trajectories of moving objects detected often by using background difference approaches. Errors in either motion detection or tracking can perturb the position of the object centroids used to build the trajectories. To cope with the unavoidable errors, we have conceived a method to detect centers of non-motion through recognizing short stability intervals. These are further connected to build the long stability interval used to measure the overall vehicle stopping time. Extensive experiments also accomplished on the sequences provided by AVSS 2007 prove the effectiveness of our approach to measure the maximum stopped delay, even through a comparison with the ground truth.
A moderately elevated day 3 FSH concentration has limited predictive value, especially in younger women (2002)

Much of the predictive value of an elevated FSH is confounded by poor response to gonadotrophin stimulation, which may be overcome in younger women.
CD20 expression is increased on B lymphocytes from HIV-infected individuals. (1992)

In studies presented here, we show that expression of the pan B cell marker CD20 is markedly increased on B lymphocytes from HIV-infected individuals and that this increase tends to be greater in individuals with more advanced disease. By using multiparameter FACS analyses to quantitate surface density of CD20 and intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels simultaneously, we further show that the distribution of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels in B cells of HIV-infected individuals is more heterogeneous than in uninfected controls. Finally, we show that the intracellular GSH levels correlate with CD20 expression on a per-cell basis in all infected individuals. These findings suggest that CD20 expression, which can be precisely measured, may prove to be a useful surrogate marker for monitoring HIV infection.
kobunshi ronbunshu (1979)

種々の無水マレイン酸共重合体のモノおよびジアリルエステル化物を合成し, これらの橋かけ型感電子線性材料としての性能を調べた. 感度は幹ポリマーの重量平均分子量および側鎖アリル基濃度に大きく依存するが, 固有粘度およびアリル基濃度をそろえて比較した場合, スチレンとの共重合体が最も高感度であった. また, 芳香族ケトン類などの光増感剤を添加すると, 橋かけ型感光性材料にもなりうることが分かった. 同様にスチレンとの共重合体が最も高感度である. 感度は幹ポリマの重量平均分子量, および側鎖アリル基濃度の2乗に比例する.
Group II mGlu receptor antagonist LY341495 enhances the antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in the forced swim test in rats (2016)

Altogether, these data suggest that the joint administration of ketamine and LY341495 might be a noteworthy alternative to the use of solely ketamine in the therapy of depression.
Pure and Gd doped LAMOX powders and thin films obtained by chemical route (2009)

The present work deals with the preparation of pure and Gd doped LAMOX powders and thin films by a Pechini's based solution method. Gd doping proved to be efficient not only in stabilising the β form at room temperature but also in reducing the particle size and improving the film quality. Best results for both particles and films were achieved using 10 mol.-% dopant, which corresponds to the solubility limit. Concerning substrates, it was verified that they play a key role in film microstructure. Homogeneous and crack free films were obtained on glass, silicon and alumina substrates. Film density is quite dependent on the type of substrate, and glass substrates provided the densest films. The average thickness is ∼150 nm for one layer film.
Control and protection of multi-terminal DC transmission systems based on voltage-source converters (2003)

This thesis deals with the control and protection of Multi-Terminal DC (MTDC) transmission systems based on Voltage-Source Converters (VSCs). The MTDC system enables several AC systems to be integrated by way of a DC network. Potential applications of the MTDC system are: off-shore wind farms, city center feeds.
Amplitude and Phase Error Correction Algorithm for $3\times 3$ MMI Based Mach–Zehnder Interferometers (2015)

Multimode Interference couplers (MMI) can have deviations in their amplitude and phase relations with respect to the ideal case. When using MMIs to construct a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), these deviations lead to non-ideal MZI behavior. In this paper, we introduce a correction algorithm that is able to strongly reduce amplitude and phase errors in 3 × 3 MMI based MZIs. Such MZIs are frequently used in phase estimation schemes in wavelength meters. Our method reduces the maximum phase estimation error to 2°, as measured in fabricated devices. This is two to three times better than the conventional method by Todd et al.
Shale Permeability Determined by Simultaneous Analysis of Multiple Pressure-Pulse Measurements Obtained under Different Conditions (2011)

Abstract Several pressure-pulse measurements are conducted on similar plugs extracted from various tight-shale formations under different boundary conditions. A theoretically rigorous model-assisted analysis of a number of data sets is carried out for achieving uniqueness in determination of intrinsic shale permeability. The best estimate values of the unknown parameters, including the Langmuir volume and pressure, and the intrinsic permeability of the shale samples at a reference condition are determined by matching the numerical solution of our improved non-Darcy model simultaneously to several sets of the observed pressure-pulse transmission data. Simultaneously, we delineate the dominant characteristics of the apparent permeability and the contribution of the various flow regimes. It is concluded that our improved method provides a better match to the pressure-pulse decay tests than the previous models which assumed Darcy flow. Further, our formulation allows for model-assisted extrapolation to other conditions once the unknown parameter values have been estimated under laboratory testing conditions.
Reaction of Aldehydes and Pyrazolones in the Presence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Aqueous Media (2005)

Abstract The environmentally friendly condensation 3‐methyl‐l‐phenyl‐5‐pyrazolone or 3‐methyl‐1H‐5‐pyrazolone with aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes was performed in water at refluxing temperature for 1 h using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the surfactant catalyst (5 mol%), giving 4,4′‐alkylmethylene‐bis(3‐methyl‐5‐pyrazolones) in 78.3%∼92.1% yields.
Standardized Approach for Microsatellite Instability Detection in Colorectal Carcinomas (2000)

To assess the presence of MSI in colorectal cancer, we have developed a simple, sensitive, and specific approach based on the apparent good fit of the data to a two-population model. Its application to a prospective series of patients with colorectal carcinomas demonstrates that the presence of MSI characterizes a subset of less aggressive tumors.
Dual parameter flow cytometric analysis of DNA content, activation antigen expression, and T cell subset proliferation in the human mixed lymphocyte reaction. (1984)

This study provides direct correlation via dual parameter flow cytometry (simultaneous assessment of immunofluorescence and DNA content) between mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) responder cell entry into the S/G2/M phases of the cell cycle with the kinetics of expression of two activation-associated cell surface proteins, Tac (IL 2 receptor) and 4F2 (unknown metabolic function). A small population of activated cells was identifiable by expression of both Tac and 4F2 antigens before peak DNA synthesis in the MLR. This population of activation antigen-positive cells expanded linearly in size from days 3 to 7 of culture. Treatment of immature MLR cultures with anti-4F2 Mab and complement (C) before DNA synthesis (treatment on day 3, peak DNA synthesis on days 5 to 6) resulted in blunted proliferation and activation antigen expression when the same culture was analyzed after maturation on day 6, indicating that the activated population had been previously detected and removed by anti-4F2 Mab + C. The 4F2 antigen was expressed on a greater percentage of cells in the MLR at all times (days 3 to 9) than was Tac, was present on virtually all S/G2/M phase responder cells, and a large fraction of cells remained intensely 4F2+ subsequent to peak DNA synthesis. In contrast, after initially preceding responder cell entry into the S phase of the cell cycle, the kinetics of Tac antigen expression closely paralleled the kinetics of responder cell proliferation. A subpopulation of cycling responder cells was noted in all MLR cultures studied that expressed Tac antigen weakly or not at all. Cells within both T4 and T8 cell subsets proliferate with similar kinetics in response to alloantigen. The possibility that activation antigens can be utilized to study effector cell generation in the MLR and that this flow cytometric technique may be utilized to analyze the response to various alloantigens is discussed.
Regional overdistension identified with electrical impedance tomography in the perflubron-treated lung (2010)

Regional lung overdistension occurring during high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) was investigated in a prospective animal trial using 18 mechanically ventilated Yorkshire swine under general anesthesia. Lung injury was induced with saline lavage and augmented using large tidal volumes. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and regional lung histopathology were used to identify regional lung overdistension during HFOV. Lung injury was quantified using a histopathologic lung injury score. The animals were randomized to three groups (n = 6 animals in each group): a control group and two dose groups of perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) (PFOB-Lo 1.5 ml kg(-1) and PFOB-Hi 3 ml kg(-1)). The animals were transitioned from conventional ventilation to HFOV, and a slow inflation-deflation maneuver was performed by changing mean airway pressure (Paw) by 5 cmH(2)O every 15 min to a maximum Paw of 40 cmH(2)O. In dependent lung areas, the PFOB-Hi (3 ml kg(-1)) group, in comparison with the control group, was associated with significantly greater alveolar overdistension seen on lung histopathology (P < 0.001 compared to control), a decreased mean impedance (P < 0.05 compared to the control group) and a decreased ventilation-induced impedance change during HFOV (P < 0.05 compared to the control group). We conclude that treatment with PFOB-Hi during HFOV compared to a control group in an animal model of lung injury led to regional overdistension of dependent lung areas, as evidenced by increased alveolar overdistension on lung histopathology, decreased mean lung impedance and decreased HFOV-induced regional lung volume changes as measured by EIT.
Indium surfactant effect on AlN∕GaN heterostructures grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy: Applications to intersubband transitions (2006)

We report on a dramatic improvement of the optical and structural properties of AlN∕GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy using indium as a surfactant. This improvement is observed using photoluminescence as well as x-ray diffraction. Atomic force microscopy shows different surface morphologies between samples grown with and without In. This is ascribed to a modified relaxation mechanism induced by different surface kinetics. These improved MQWs exhibit intersubband absorption at short wavelength (2μm). The absorption linewidth is as low as 65meV and the absorption coefficient is increased by 85%.
Analysis of an adaptive multiple-access protocol (ATP-1) with mixed structure (1987)

In the paper a new multiple-access protocol, called ATP-1, is analysed. This protocol employs a self-adaptive scheme that switches between two states, the random-access state and the fixed-access state. The analysis is based on an embedded Markov process obtained by examining the system at the beginning of the epochs, which are defined as the intervals of random access state or fixed access state. The epoch duration depends on the number of the busy users at the beginning of the epochs. Finally, the dynamic behaviour of this new scheme is examined in detail using the Markovian properties of the two, above mentioned, protocols.
Fiber spinnability of glass melts (2016)

Abstract Fiber spinnability is the ability of a glass‐forming melt to be steadily stretched and spun into defect‐free fiber filaments. However, its quantification has not been well established owing to many controlling factors such as melt fragility, melt strength, surface tension, liquidus temperature, liquidus viscosity, and crystallization. To understand and quantify the fiber spinnability of a glass melt, we consider two key aspects: fiberizing viscosity window and melt stability. The fiberizing viscosity window is defined by the upper and lower viscosity limits. Fibers rupture above the upper viscosity limit, whereas a stable melt stream cannot form below the lower limit ( η low ). We introduce a simple parameter to quantify fiber spinnability, namely, K fib = η L / η low , where η L is the viscosity at liquidus temperature ( T L ). A fiber can only form if K fib >1. To quantify melt stability we propose the parameter of S =( T L ‐ T C )/( T L ‐ T g ), where T L and T C are the liquidus temperature, and the onset temperature of melt crystallization during cooling, respectively. Both parameters ( K fib and S ) are important for a rational design of glass fiber compositions, and fiberizing process. We use two basalt melts as examples of this study to demonstrate the high sensitivity of fiber spinnability to a minor variation in chemical composition of melts.
A low-cost multi-wavelength laser based on hybrid integration technology for WDM-PON application (2013)

A low-cost L-band multi-wavelength laser (MWL) is presented. The 16-channel laser with a wavelength spacing of 100GHz was fabricated in a hybrid method. This device can be applied into the broad access network based on fiber-to-the-home (FTTH). It consists of four 4-channel semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) arrays and an array waveguide grating (AWG) based on silica on silicon. 16-channel lasing operation is shown and the fiber-coupled output powers can reach up to 1.8mW while the threshold current is as low as 22mA. Direct modulation of the laser at 1.25GHz gives an open eye with an extinction ratio of 5.4dB.
Viability of bacteria from different aquatic habitats. II. Cellular fluorescent markers for membrane integrity and metabolic activity (2003)

We applied different types of fluorescent markers to natural bacterioplankton from different aquatic systems to investigate microscopically the percentage of viable bacteria. To characterise viable bacteria, cell-specific respiration was measured by cyanoditolyltetrazolium chloride (CTC) reduction. Membrane integrity was investigated with 3 'dead cell' stains (SYTOX Green, propidium iodide and ethidium homodimer-2). Cellular enzyme activity was detected by artificial substrate analogs with a high cell retention (CellTracker Green CMFDA for cellular esterase and 7-amino-4-chloromethylcoumarin L-leucine amide, hydrochloride [CMAC-Leu] for cellular peptidase). The percentage of impermeable, i.e. morphologically intact, cells accounted for 22 to 81% of the total cell number at all locations. Although up to 48% of all bacteria were respiring, they averaged between 10 and 14% in freshwater, estuarine waters and in the Baltic Sea. The portion of esterase-positive cells correlated significantly with the concentrations of dissolved (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) as well as with chlorophyll a (chl a) content. Cellular esterase was shown by this labelling technique in only 9% of freshwater, 12% of estuarine and 5% of Baltic Sea bacteria, . The percentages of bacteria with cellular peptidase were even lower with 6, 5 and 3%, respectively. The different amounts of intact and respiring bacteria as well as those with cellular hydrolytic enzyme activities require not only correct operational definitions of active and viable bacteria, but also the appropriate choice of fluorescent markers regarding the goals of investigation. Fluorescent labels for cellular hydrolytic enzymes will also provide a new tool to localise active cells in aggregates or on sediment particles, where, besides the respiration of organic carbon, hydrolysis of organic substances is an important conversion process.
Effects of ozone and UV on tire cord adhesion (1975)

Abstract Ozone exposure of resorcinol‐formaldehyde‐latex (RFL) dipped tire cords reduces adhesion because ozone attacks the double bonds in the butadiene component of the rubber latex in RFL and impairs its cocuring with the solid rubber compound. This mechanism also explains: (a) the ineffectiveness of chemical antiozonants or chloroprene latex as RFL additives, (b) the increased ozone sensitivity of RFL adhesion with progressive curing of RFL dip, and (c) the insensitivity to ozone of adhesion with RF‐EPDM adhesives. A major reduction in the rate of adhesion loss in either ozone (50 pphm, 50% RH) or UV (carbon arc, 4 hr) was demonstrated when small amounts of waxes (3% solids basis) were added to the RFL dip. The waxes protect the RFL adhesive by blooming to the surface of the adhesive treated cord.
An Investigation of the Use of Medicinal Plants by Wild Chimpanzees (1993)

It has been proposed that chimpanzees use a number of toxic plant species for their medicinal value. Based on behavior, plant pharmacology, and ethnomedical information, hypotheses concerning the medicinal use of some of these plants by chimpanzees include the following: control of parasites, treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, regulation of fertility, and possible anti-bacterial or anti-hepatotoxic activity. With regards to bitter pith chewing and whole leaf swallowing behaviors, 20 medicinal plant species have been observed to be used not only by chimpanzees, but also by bonobos and lowland gorillas at 7 sites (Mahale, Gombe, Kibale, Kahuzi-Biega, Wamba, Tai, Bossou) across Africa. A detailed description is given of the research program currently being carried out by the author and colleagues of the international research team, The C. H. I. M. P. P. Group, and in particular, of the ongoing multi-disciplinary research into the chimpanzee use of Vernonia amygdalina (Del.) in the Mahale Mountains National Park Tanzania. The hypothesis that this species has medicinal value for chimpanzees comes from detailed observations by the author of ailing individuals' use of the plant. Quantitative analysis and assays of the biological activity of V. amygdalina have revealed the presence of two major classes of bioactive compounds. The most abundant of these constituents, the sesquiterpene lactone vernodalin, and the steroid glucoside vernoioside B1 (and its aglycones) have been demonstrated to possess antibiotic, anti-tumor, anti-amoebic, anti-malarial, anti-leishmanial, and anti-schistosomal properties. At Mahale, the particular parts of an additional 12 plant species ingested by chimpanzees are recognized for their traditional use against parasite or gastrointestinal related diseases in humans. Their physiological activities are now being investigated in the laboratory.
Diagnosis and susceptibility testing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Latin America (2010)

Strategies to monitor and control the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are dependent on accurate and timely diagnosis of MRSA in both hospital and community settings. In Latin America, significant diversity in diagnostic and susceptibility testing procedures exists at the regional, national and local levels. Various tests for S. aureus and MRSA are available in clinical settings, but the application of these techniques differs between and within countries, and quality control measures are not uniformly applied to verify diagnoses. To optimize the diagnosis of MRSA infections across Latin America, a more consistent approach is required. This may include: adoption and appropriate adaption of specific guidelines for MRSA testing, depending on local resources; establishment of a coordinated system for quality control; regional access to central reference facilities; education of medical and healthcare professionals in best practices; and development of systems to evaluate the implementation of guidelines and best practices.
An overview of integratable current sensor technologies (2004)

An overview is given of current sensing technologies that are suitable for packaging into integrated power electronics modules and integrated passive power processing units, such as integrated shunts and integratable Rogowski coils technologies. Technologies considered in this paper include: integrated current shunts, current transformers, Rogowski coils, Hall-effect current sensors, giant magneto resistive sensors (GMR) and magneto impedance sensors (MI). Each of these current sensing technologies is discussed separately along with their advantages, limitations and design trade-offs. Special emphasis is given to features that enhance or limit the technology's potential for being integrated in the packaging process.
Portable wireless battlefield ministration tracking and information system (2003)

The US Army requires an innovative approach for delivery of emergency religious support while conducting the full range of military operations in support of Force XXI concept. This dictates the necessity for members of the Unit Ministry Team (UMT) to deploy anywhere in the world and conduct emergency religious support operations. This trend emphasizes the urgent need for religious support from UMT personnel on the battlefield. In particular, the Army desires to provide next-of-kin notification officers and accompanying chaplains with vital casualty information such as last rites and battlefield pastoral care. This requires the members of the UMT to adapt to new technologies, systems, and structures to remain integrated in America's Army. To respond to this requirement, we have designed an architecture and a proof-of-concept prototype of a "portable, wireless battlefield ministration tracking and information system" under the US Army's Advanced Concepts and Technology II (ACT-II) program. It provides the members of the Unit Ministry Team (UMT) and other appropriate personnel with the capability to digitally store and transmit casualty emergency ministrations and pastoral care information via hand-held and mobile wireless computing devices to a centralized data collection point. The hand-held and mobile computing devices are envisioned to be carried by members of UMT as they care for casualties on the battlefield. For identification of individual casualties, the solution would be capable of utilizing smart card technology. We present our proposed solution end its associated system architecture.
Microbiological colonization and attack on some Carboniferous miospores (1963)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Bioproperties of Potent Nattokinase from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> YJ1 (2010)

Fibrinolytic enzyme activity was observed during cultivation of Bacillus subtilis YJ1 in a medium containing 1% skim milk, 1% rice husk, 0.5% NaCl, and 0.25% glucose. It was purified to electrophoretical homogeneity after CM-sepharose FF chromatography. The specific activity and yield were 1791.9 FU/mg and 9.5%, respectively. This purified fibrinolytic enzyme had M of 27.5 kDa, optimal temperature and pH at 50 degrees C and 8.5, respectively. It was stable at pH 6.0-10.0 and 10-40 degrees C and inhibited by Fe(3+), Hg(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), and PMSF. Compared the N terminal of amino acids and full DNA sequence with those in NCBI, it was considered to be a nattokinase.