gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereochemistry and enantiomeric purity of a novel anxiolytic agent, deramciclane fumarate (1999)

The synthesis, stereostructure, and enantiomeric separation by chromatography of a new, chiral anxiolytic agent, deramciclane fumarate (2, (−)-[1R,2S,4R]-2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)-2-phenyl-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane fumarate, EGIS-3886), is described. The optical antipode and the racemate of compound 2 were also prepared. The structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The enantiomeric separation was accomplished by HPLC on Chiralcel OD (250 × 4.6 mm; 10 μm) and hexane-ethanol (99.5:0.5) as mobile phase at room temperature. The enantiomeric purity of the synthesized drug substance proved to be very high (>99.9%). Some statements published earlier on the stereostructure of deramciclane fumarate are critically discussed. Chirality 11:689–693, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Optimal Dual-$V_{T}$ Design in Sub-100-nm PD/SOI and Double-Gate Technologies (2008)

Dual-threshold-voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> ) CMOS is an effective way to reduce leakage power in high-performance very-large-scale-integration circuits. In this paper, we explore the technology design space for dual-threshold-voltage transistor design in deep-sub-100-nm technology nodes. We propose a technique of achieving high-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> (HVT) devices using thicker gate-sidewall offset spacers to increase the channel length without increasing the printed-gate length. The effectiveness of all the dual-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> technology options-increasing channel doping, increasing gate length, and proposed technique of increasing spacer thickness-is analyzed at transistor and basic logic gate level. Results on 65-nm partially depleted silicon-on-insulator and double-gate technologies indicate that the proposed technique yields lower dynamic power consumption and lower performance penalty compared with longer gate length and high body-doping devices. Our proposed technique, however, incurs extra fabrication mask similar to achieving HVT by increasing body doping.
Generation of Neurospheres from Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (2015)

Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) to treat neurodegenerative disease shows promise; however, the clinical application of NSCs is limited by the invasive procurement and ethical concerns. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a source of multipotent stem cells that can self-renew and differentiate into various kinds of cells; this study intends to generate neurospheres from human ADSCs by culturing ADSCs on uncoated culture flasks in serum-free neurobasal medium supplemented with B27, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF); the ADSCs-derived neurospheres were terminally differentiated after growth factor withdrawal. Expression of Nestin, NeuN, MAP2, and GFAP in ADSCs and terminally differentiated neurospheres was shown by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunocytochemistry; cell proliferation in neurospheres was evaluated by cell cycle analyses, immunostaining, and flow cytometry. These data strongly support the conclusion that human ADSCs can successfully differentiate into neurospheres efficiently on uncoated culture flasks, which present similar molecular marker pattern and proliferative ability with NSCs derived from embryonic and adult brain tissues. Therefore, human ADSCs may be an ideal alternative source of stem cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
A computer program for designing digital elliptic filters (1976)

A computer program is presented for designing digital elliptic filters of the four most common types: low-pass, high-pass, bandpass, and bandstop. The program is presented in Fortran IV. The various numerical algorithms required for implementing the elliptic functions are referenced in the program and are obtained from readily available tables of mathematical functions. Examples for each filter type are presented.
Colonic Surgery in Patients With Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome: A Case Series (2004)

One-half of the patients who initially underwent rectal preservation required subsequent proctectomy. The number of colonic or rectal polyps does not influence the choice of the surgical procedure. Both restorative proctocolectomy and subtotal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis need endoscopic follow-up because of the high recurrence rates of juvenile polyps in the remnant rectum or pouch.
Velocity measurement by H_2O photolysis and laser-induced fluorescence of OH (1989)

Experimental results in a uniform, supersonic, free-jet flow containing water vapor show that enhancement of OH concentration by focused UV photodissociation of H(2)O at 248 nm is an excellent tagging mechanism for velocity measurements. Two-dimensional images of OH fluorescence with a vidicon show a narrow initial enhanced OH zone along a straight line limited by the jet diameter. Fluorescence induced by a time-delayed pulsed dye laser documents the convection of this enhanced OH by the uniform core flow and reveals sharply stretched edge regions due to the shear layer with ambient air. The core flow velocity measurements are in agreement with predicted values.
Reactions of Diazo Compounds with Nitroölefins. I. The Preparation of Pyrazoles (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Diazo Compounds with Nitroölefins. I. The Preparation of PyrazolesWilliam E. Parham and James L. BleasdaleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 9, 3843–3846Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01165a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01165a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views230Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A General Approach to Terrain Relative Navigation for Planetary Landing (2007)

We describe an algorithm for navigation state estimation during planetary descent to enable precision landing. The algorithm automatically produces 2D-to-3D correspondences between descent images and a surface map and 2D-to-2D correspondences through a sequence of descent images. These correspondences are combined with inertial measurements in an extended Kalman filter that estimates lander position, velocity and attitude as well as the time varying biases of the inertial measurements. The filter tightly couples inertial and camera measurements in a resource-adaptive and hence real-time capable fashion. Results from a sounding rocket test, covering the dynamic profile of typical planetary landing scenarios, show estimation errors of magnitude 0.16 m/s in velocity and 6.4 m in position at touchdown. These results vastly improve current state of the art and meet the requirements of future planetary exploration missions.
Inhibition of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase: Effects on Vascular and Neural Dysfunction in Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Rats (1995)

These experiments were undertaken to assess the role of sorbitol dehydrogenase in mediating sorbitol pathway-linked neural and vascular dysfunction in rats with streptozocin-induced diabetes. 2-methyl-4-[N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl-piperazino]-pyrimidine (S-0773), a putative inhibitor of sorbitol dehydrogenase, was given in the drinking water to control and diabetic rats. After 5 weeks of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin levels were increased twofold and were unaffected by S-0773. Sorbitol levels in diabetic rats were increased 11- to 14-fold in ocular tissues and sciatic nerve; S-0773 increased sorbitol levels another 4-fold or more in these same tissues but had much smaller effects in other tissues. Diabetes-associated increases in fructose levels and lactate:pyruvate ratios in retina and in sciatic nerve were markedly attenuated by S-0773. S-0773 also attenuated, but did not completely normalize, impaired caudal nerve conduction and vascular dysfunction in ocular tissues, sciatic nerve, and aorta in diabetic rats. These observations, together with other evidence, suggest that sorbitol pathway-linked vascular dysfunction (in ocular tissues, peripheral nerve, and aorta) and electrophysiological dysfunction (in peripheral nerve) induced by diabetes are more closely linked to increased oxidation of sorbitol to fructose than to putative osmotic effects of elevated sorbitol levels or redox and metabolic imbalances associated with reduction of glucose to sorbitol by aldose reductase.
Free Light Chains of Immunoglobulins in Serum from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sarcoidosis, Chronic Infections and Pulmonary Cancer (1981)

Free light chains of immunoglobulins were measured in serum from 181 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), sarcoidosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary cancer and chronic bronchitis, i.e. patients with long-term stimulation of the immune system. Increased concentrations of light chains were found in patients with active sarcoidosis, and the light chain level appeared to be a marker of disease activity in sarcoidosis. The mean (+/- S.D.) concentration of kappa plus lambda chains in active sarcoidosis of more than two years' duration was 38.3 +/- 13.7 mg/l, that is twice the concentration of 19.4 +/- 5.5 mg/l found in normals. Some patients with seropositive RA also had increased serum values. The light chain concentrations in seropositive RA were correlated to the severity of the disease measured by clinical staging and laboratory tests. A modest increase in light chains was observed in one patient with tuberculosis, and in two patients each with chronic bronchitis and pulmonary cancer.
Role of tau N-terminal motif in the secretion of human tau by End Binding proteins (2019)

For unknown reasons, humans appear to be particular susceptible to developing tau pathology leading to neurodegeneration. Transgenic mice are still undoubtedly the most popular and extensively used animal models for studying Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. While these murine models generally overexpress human tau in the mouse brain or specific brain regions, there are differences between endogenous mouse tau and human tau protein. Among them, a main difference between human and mouse tau is the presence of a short motif spanning residues 18 to 28 in the human tau protein that is missing in murine tau, and which could be at least partially responsible for that different susceptibility across species. Here we report novel data using affinity chromatography analysis indicating that the sequence containing human tau residues 18 to 28 acts a binding motif for End Binding proteins and that this interaction could facilitate tau secretion to the extracellular space.
Long-term Survival Among Men With Conservatively Treated Localized Prostate Cancer (1995)

Compared with the general population, men aged 65 to 75 years with conservatively treated low-grade prostate cancer incur no loss of life expectancy. Men with higher-grade tumors (Gleason scores 5 to 10) experience a progressively increasing loss of life expectancy. Case series reports of survival/mortality experienced by men with clinically localized prostate cancer that fail to control for age, tumor histologic features, and comorbidities risk significant bias.
Voltage-Induced Ferromagnetic Resonance in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (2012)

We demonstrate excitation of ferromagnetic resonance in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) by the combined action of voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) and spin transfer torque (ST). Our measurements reveal that GHz-frequency VCMA torque and ST in low-resistance MTJs have similar magnitudes, and thus that both torques are equally important for understanding high-frequency voltage-driven magnetization dynamics in MTJs. As an example, we show that VCMA can increase the sensitivity of an MTJ-based microwave signal detector to the sensitivity level of semiconductor Schottky diodes.
The Presence of GAD and IA-2 Antibodies in Youth With a Type 2 Diabetes Phenotype (2010)

Obese youth with a clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes may have evidence of islet autoimmunity contributing to insulin deficiency. As a group, patients with DAA have clinical characteristics significantly different from those without DAA. However, without islet autoantibody analysis, these characteristics cannot reliably distinguish between obese young individuals with type 2 diabetes and those with autoimmune diabetes.
Nerve growth factor and K‐252a increase catecholamine release from PC12 cells (1990)

PC12 cells are a nerve growth factor-responsive clone derived from a rat pheochromocytoma. The cells contain catecholamines and secrete them in response to depolarizing stimuli and cholinergic agonists. Treatment of the cells with nerve growth factor produces a number of very rapid changes, including the structural rearrangement of the cell membrane, the generation of a number of different second messengers, and the phosphorylation of several proteins. The present studies show that nerve growth factor treatment increases the release of dopamine and norepinephrine from the cells within a few minutes and does so independently of its effect on their metabolism. The experiments indicate that this effect on nerve growth factor is dependent on the presence of extracellular calcium and can be blocked by calcium channel antagonists. K-252a, an alkaloid-like material, usually found to inhibit the actions of nerve growth factor on PC12 cells, also increases the release of catecholamines under these conditions.
D-15 Performance with Short Wavelength Absorbing Filters in Normals (1988)

Short wavelength absorbing filters (SWAF's) have become very popular in the prescription and commercial sunglass markets. Like other chromatic filters SWAF's have the potential to alter color vision. Performance on the Farnsworth Panel D-15 (D-15) test was measured to determine whether any of 4 popular SWAF's, in the form of sunglasses, produced color vision changes in 22 color normal adults. Using standard illuminant C, observers were tested under the following conditions: wearing no filter, a 1.0 log unit neutral density filter (NDF), or one of the following SWAF's: Corning CPF 550; NolR Amber 40%; Blu Blocker; and Vuarnet 4006. In addition, the Vuarnets were tested outdoors in shaded daylight to determine the effects of increased illumination. The NDF served as the control and had no effect on D-15 performance. Compared to it, only the Blu Blockers and Vuarnets affected D-15 cap arrangements for these SWAF's significantly. Blu Blocker error patterns had no predominant axis, whereas the predominant axis of errors in both Vuarnet conditions was tritan. Results of quantitative analysis performed on three factors confirmed these findings and indicated the Blu Blockers and Vuarnet SWAF's caused moderate and moderate-to-severe levels of color confusion, respectively. Increasing the illumination level improved performance with the Vuarnets, but it remained significantly outside the normal range.
Formal Models of Capability-Based Protection Systems (1981)

The role of formal modeling in the study of capability- based protection systems is explained. Historical background is presented and a model of a computer science department's computer system is presented. A survey of several important capability-based models is given including the Harrison, Ruzzo, Ullman model, the Take-Grant model, and grammatical models. These models are presented in a unified manner with consistent terminology. The main results of the models are given. These results are compared, contrasted, and interpreted in the context of numerous examples.
Vestibular information contributes to update retinotopic maps (1999)

In order to investigate the contribution of the vestibular system to spatial orientation, we studied memory-guided saccades in three conditions: visual-memory guided saccades (ViC), saccades to the remembered spatiotopic position of a visual target, after whole-body rotation (SVeC) and saccades to the remembered retinotopic position of a visual target, after whole-body rotation (RVeC). Visual feedback presented after each trial allowed eye position correction. The error was larger in SVeC, but the performance improved throughout the experiment (learning) in that condition only. As learning occurred over the first four trials, we omitted these trials from the average computation, and the significant difference between the conditions disappeared. It is concluded that vestibular information does contribute to update the internal spatial representation of visual information when a visual feedback is provided.
Optimizing Color-Matching Functions for Individual Observers Using a Variation Method (2001)

The CIE system allows the specification of color matches for a standard observer using the color-matching functions (cmfs). However, the cmfs of an individual observer are different from those of the CIE within a finite range. This article describes the optimization of the cmfs of an individual observer based on metameric pairs using a variation method. This is a so much simplified method for estimating rough and ready cmfs of an individual observer in comparison with past experiments. The underlying assumption of the optimization is that the optimum cmfs will predict that the integrated cone responses of a metameric pair are equal. The feature of the proposed optimization method is that the color difference in a metamer pair can be optimized to 0 at a boundary condition in the variation method, and the smoothness of the modified cmfs results from the cost function of the least mean square of modified values in the variation method. The cost function of the variation method is generalized to consider the perception of color differences by the human visual system. Experiments using measured metamer spectral data demonstrate the validity of the proposed method. In the Supplemental Material (found on the IS&T website at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.imaging.org">www.imaging.org</ext-link>, for no less than 2 years from the date of publication), theorems and characteristics are presented and proved to demonstrate the rigid theoretical background supporting the experimental validity.
Orientation-dependent potential barriers in case of epitaxial Pt–BiFeO3–SrRuO3 capacitors (2009)

The leakage current in epitaxial BiFeO3 capacitors with bottom SrRuO3 and top Pt electrodes, grown by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO3 (100), SrTiO3 (110), and SrTiO3 (111) substrates, is investigated by current-voltage (I-V) measurements in the 100–300 K temperature range. It is found that the leakage current is interface-limited and strongly dependent on the orientation of the substrate. The potential barriers at the electrode interfaces are estimated to about 0.6, 0.77, and 0.93 eV for the (100), (110), and (111) orientations, respectively.
Classification of EEG Signals in a Brain-Computer Interface System (2011)

Electroencephalography (EEG) equipment are becoming more available on thepublic market, which enables more diverse research in a currently narrow field.The Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) community recognize the need for systemsthat makes BCI more user-friendly, real-time, manageable and suited for peoplethat are not forced to use them, like clinical patients, and those who are disabled.Thus, this project is an effort to seek such improvements, having a newly availablemarket product to experiment with: a single channel brain wave reader. However,it is important to stress that this shift in BCI, from patients to healthy and ordinaryusers, should ultimately be beneficial for those who really need it, indeed.The main focus have been building a system which enables usage of the availableEEG device, and making a prototype that incorporates all parts of a functioningBCI system. These parts are 1) acquiring the EEG signal 2) process and classify theEEG signal and 3) use the signal classification to control a feature in a game. Thesolution method in the project uses the NeuroSky mindset for part 1, the Fouriertransform and an Artificial Neural Network for classifying brain wave patterns inpart 2, and a game of Snake uses the classification results to control the characterin part 3.This report outlines the step-by-step implementation and testing for this system,and the result is a functional prototype that can use user EEG to control the snakein the game with over 90% accuracy. Two mental tasks have been used to separatebetween turning the snake left or right, baseline (thinking nothing in particular)and mental counting. The solution differentiates from other appliances of the NeuroSkymindset that it does not require any pre-training for the user, and it is onlypartially real-time.
Internet telephony services for presence with SIP and extended CPL (2004)

Internet Telephony is the next generation of telephony with many new features and low cost. Because of the explosion of new features, it has become critical to control and manage these features. The main challenge in Internet Telephony is service programming. The Call Processing Language (CPL) is a solution for end users to describe and control their services in Internet Telephony. Current CPL focuses on call processing services only. It is not adequate for the definition of many types of new services, such as the combination of telephony services with email, instant messaging, presence etc. This thesis extends CPL to describe new Internet Telephony services including presence services and call processing services related to presence. In the thesis, the presence system is systematically described in a three-layer architecture. End user's presence services and system basic services are clearly separated in the architecture. Presence information, as the basis of presence services, is extended from traditional "online" and "offline" indicators to include broader meaning, such as location, phone line status, role and availability status etc. Through CPL extensions for presence, user's new presence services and new presence related call processing services are illustrated by using various examples. A simulation system is implemented to demonstrate the Internet Telephony services specified in extended CPL. End users can create and modify their own services via the Graphic User Interfaces (GUIs) and access their services at any location through the Internet. The simulation system is verified with various test cases.