gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Eps15 Is a Component of Clathrin-coated Pits and Vesicles and Is Located at the Rim of Coated Pits (1996)

Eps15, a phosphorylation substrate of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor kinase, has been shown to bind to the alpha-subunit of the clathrin-associated protein complex AP-2. Here we report that in cells, virtually all Eps15 interacts with the cytosol and membrane-bound forms of AP-2. This association is not affected by the treatment of cells with EGF. Immunofluorescence microscopy reveals nearly absolute co-localization of Eps15 with AP-2 and clathrin, and analysis by immunoelectron microscopy shows that the localization of membrane-associated Eps15 is restricted to the profiles corresponding to endocytic coated pits and vesicles. Unexpectedly, Eps15 was found at the edge of forming coated pits and at the rim of budding coated vesicles. This asymmetric distribution is in sharp contrast to the localization of AP-2 that shows an even distribution along the same types of clathrin-coated structures. These findings suggest several possible regulatory roles of Eps15 during the formation of coated pits.
Strain Variations on Rolling Condition in Accumulative Roll-Bonding by Finite Element Analysis (2010)

Strain variations on rolling condition in accumulative roll-bonding by inite element analysis 589 x Strain variations on rolling condition in accumulative roll-bonding by finite element analysis
Paclitaxel for non-small cell lung cancer (2004)

Paclitaxel, a tubulin-binding agent, is widely used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The combination of paclitaxel and a platinum compound is an approved regimen for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. The dose-limiting toxicity of paclitaxel is myelosuppression when administered on a prolonged infusion schedule, whereas neuropathy is more common with short infusions. Although the 3-weekly schedule of paclitaxel is the commonly utilised regimen for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, the weekly regimens appear to be associated with lesser myelosuppression and neuropathy. A randomised clinical trial is currently underway to compare the efficacy of the weekly versus 3-weekly regimen of paclitaxel, in combination with carboplatin for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. The radiosensitising effect of paclitaxel has led to its incorporation into multi-modality treatment of NSCLC patients in combination with thoracic radiation. Paclitaxel has also demonstrated synergistic interaction with several molecularly-targeted agents and is at present being evaluated in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment settings for early stage NSCLC.
GRAF: Generative Radiance Fields for 3D-Aware Image Synthesis (2020)

While 2D generative adversarial networks have enabled high-resolution image synthesis, they largely lack an understanding of the 3D world and the image formation process. Thus, they do not provide precise control over camera viewpoint or object pose. To address this problem, several recent approaches leverage intermediate voxel-based representations in combination with differentiable rendering. However, existing methods either produce low image resolution or fall short in disentangling camera and scene properties, e.g., the object identity may vary with the viewpoint. In this paper, we propose a generative model for radiance fields which have recently proven successful for novel view synthesis of a single scene. In contrast to voxel-based representations, radiance fields are not confined to a coarse discretization of the 3D space, yet allow for disentangling camera and scene properties while degrading gracefully in the presence of reconstruction ambiguity. By introducing a multi-scale patch-based discriminator, we demonstrate synthesis of high-resolution images while training our model from unposed 2D images alone. We systematically analyze our approach on several challenging synthetic and real-world datasets. Our experiments reveal that radiance fields are a powerful representation for generative image synthesis, leading to 3D consistent models that render with high fidelity.
Recursive computation of limited lookahead supervisory controls for discrete event systems (2005)

A study of limited lookahead policies in supervisory control of discrete event systems undertaken in a previous paper is continued. Online supervisory control using limited lookahead policies requires, after the execution of each event, the calculation of the supremal controllable sublanguage of a given language with respect to another larger language. These two languages are finite and represented by their tree generators, where one tree is a sub-tree of the other. These trees change dynamically from step to step, where one step is the execution of one event. It is shown how to perform this calculation in a recursive manner, in the sense that the calculation for a new pair of trees can make use of the calculation for the preceding pair, thus substantially reducing the amount of computation that has to be done online. In order to make such a recursive procedure possible from step to step, it is shown how the calculation for a single step (i.e. for a given pair of trees) can itself be performed recursively by means of a dynamic programming algorithm on the vertices of the larger tree.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Competitive Adsorption of Naphthalene with 2,4-Dichlorophenol and 4-Chloroaniline on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

Competitive adsorption between nonpolar organic compounds and polar ionic organic compounds (IOCs) on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is essential for application of CNTs as superior sorbents and for environmental risk assessment of both CNTs and organic contaminants. It was observed in this study that adsorption of neutral and dissociated species of polar 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) and 4-chloroaniline (PCAN) on a multiwalled CNT sample (MWCNT15) can be suppressed by nonpolar naphthalene. Naphthalene adsorption can also be suppressed by neutral DCP/PCAN, but not dissociated DCP/PCAN. Moreover, competition of naphthalene decreased the adsorption affinity of neutral DCP/PCAN, but not their adsorption capacity because of the formation of solute bilayer on MWCNT15. For dissociated DCP/PCAN, naphthalene not only decreased their adsorption affinity but also their adsorption capacity because no solute bilayer was formed. Neutral DCP/PCAN also decreased the adsorption affinity and adsorption capacity of naphthalene. These observations indicate that competitive adsorption of naphthalene with DCP/PCAN depends on the dissociation of DCP/PCAN, as interpreted by (i) the different sites on CNTs for adsorption of organic chemicals (i.e., naphthalene, and the neutral and dissociated species of DCP/PCAN), (ii) the interactions between organic chemicals, and (iii) the interactions of organic chemicals with CNT surface.
Observations of secondary electron emission from diamond films (1992)

Secondary electron yields have been measured at NASA Lewis Research Center on diamond and diamond-like-carbon (DLC) films prepared at Auburn University. These results have been obtained as part of a study initiated by the Naval Surface Warfare Center. Secondary yields as high as 27 have been measured for the diamond films; the DLC films have maximum yields near 1.5. Secondary yields from the diamond films decline when they are subjected to continuous electron bombardment, but emission can be restored or enhanced if the surface is annealed in vacuum or exposed to hydrogen gas.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Vapour phase oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid on mixed oxides as catalyst (1977)

The vapour phase oxidation of propylene to acrylic acid is generally carried out by a two step process, involving acrolein as an intermediate. In this work, the kinetic data on the second step of the process, i.e. the oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid were obtained using a catalyst containing oxides of antimony, nickel and molybdenum. The effects of temperature, space time and concentration of acrolein and oxygen on the yield and conversion to acrylic acid were studied, and the most suitable conditions were determined for the process. Carbon dioxide was the major by product in the reaction. The formation of acrylic acid and carbon dioxide were correlated by suitable rate expressions.
Mutations of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 (TRAIL-R1) and receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) genes in metastatic breast cancers. (2001)

Several lines of evidence suggest that apoptosis dysregulation plays an important role in cancer metastasis. In this study, to explore the possibility that the mutations of death receptors are involved in the metastasis mechanism, we analyzed the death domains of Fas and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-receptor 1 and -2 (TRAIL-R1 and -R2) genes for the detection of somatic mutations in 57 breast cancers with (n = 34) or without (n = 23) metastasis to the regional lymph nodes. We found seven mutations (three TRAIL-R1 and four TRAIL-R2 mutations), and these mutations were detected only in the breast cancers with metastasis. Furthermore, we also analyzed the allelic losses of chromosome 8p21-22, where TRAIL-R1 and R2 reside in the same series of breast cancers, and found that the allelic losses were significantly higher in metastatic breast cancers. We expressed the tumor-derived TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 mutants in 293 cells and found that apoptosis was suppressed. These data suggest that TRAIL-R1 and R2 genes are relevant to the frequent loss of chromosome 8p21-22 in breast cancer and that the inactivating mutations of TRAIL-R1 and -R2 genes play a role in the metastasis of breast cancer.
Research issues in software fault categorization (2007)

Software faults are a major threat for the dependability of software systems. When we intend to study the impact of software faults on software behavior, examine the quality of fault tolerance mechanisms, or evaluate diagnostic techniques, the issue of distinguishing fault categories and their frequency distribution arises immediately. This article surveys the literature that provides quantitative data on categories of software faults and discusses the applicability of these software fault category distributions to fault injection case studies.
Rat Interleukin-18 Binding Protein: Cloning, Expression, and Characterization (2002)

Interleukin-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) is a constitutively expressed and secreted protein that lacks a transmembrane domain. IL-18BP binds specifically to mature IL-18 and inhibits its activity. To study the immunomodulating role of IL-18BP in models of autoimmune diseases in rats, we cloned and characterized rat IL-18BP. Rat IL-18BP has 193 amino acid residues and is highly homologous to human and mouse IL-18BP. Recombinant rat IL-18BP binds to rat IL-18, reacts with antibodies to human or mouse IL-18BP, and inhibits IL-18-dependent interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production in vitro. Thus, rat IL-18BP can be employed to antagonize the proinflammatory responses induced by endogenous IL-18 in rat models of autoimmune diseases.
Deposition of ammonium bisulfate in the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeposition of ammonium bisulfate in the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammoniaShimpei Matsuda, Tomoichi Kamo, Akira Kato, Fumito Nakajima, Teruo Kumura, and Hiroshi KurodaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1982, 21, 1, 48–52Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300005a009https://doi.org/10.1021/i300005a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views829Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Advanced Materials for 193-nm Resists. (2000)

Acrylate monomers were synthesized using a novel aerobic oxidation reaction employing N-hydroxyphtalimide (NHPI) as a catalyst, and then polymerized. These reactions were confirmed to be applicable for the mass production of those compounds. We have synthesized series of reported 193-nm resist materials, and found that they are subject to certain problems. That is, acrylates having hydrophilic acid leaving groups, such as pyranyl or acid-leaving lactones usually have poor etching resistance. Moreover, t-butyl acid-leaving groups or acid-leaving alicyclic groups are too hydrophobic to achieve high performance of the resist. From this point of view, we have designed and synthesized advanced monomers having hybrid structure of alicyclic ring and polar moiety, using aerobic oxidation reaction Finally, patterns with a resolution of 0.13-micron, based on the 1G bit DRAM design rule, were successfully fabricated by optimizing the resist composition containing newly synthesized monomers.
Life Cycle Stages for Types of Single Parent Families: Of Family Development Theory (1986)

A theoretical rationale based on the family development orientation is presented for constructing the family life stages for modal two parent nuclear families. Using these stages as a point of departure life span careers by stages are constructed for several empirically distinct types of single parent families. These careers are based on data for birth cohorts of women (1900-1949) comparing intact first marriage histories with the family histories of divorced (not married) widowed and remarried women. The paths of the latter 3 types depart in distinctive ways from the central highway of modal two parent families in timing and duration of family stages over the life span. The differences in paths of development of single parent family types and two parent families are seen primarily not in stages encountered but in the number timing and length of the critical transitions experienced. All types of single parent families experience more and longer critical transitions between equilibrium stages (stages of stable numbers and growth of members) than two parent families. Single parents who remarry and add a child experience even more transitions and more structural disorder than single parents who do not remarry. Among single parent types who remarry widowed remarrieds are least vulnerable to divorce (less even than couples in first marriages).
The Polycomb Group Gene <i>Bmi1</i> Regulates Antioxidant Defenses in Neurons by Repressing <i>p53</i> Pro-Oxidant Activity (2009)

Aging may be determined by a genetic program and/or by the accumulation rate of molecular damages. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the mitochondrial metabolism have been postulated to be the central source of molecular damages and imbalance between levels of intracellular ROS and antioxidant defenses is a characteristic of the aging brain. How aging modifies free radicals concentrations and increases the risk to develop most neurodegenerative diseases is poorly understood, however. Here we show that the Polycomb group and oncogene Bmi1 is required in neurons to suppress apoptosis and the induction of a premature aging-like program characterized by reduced antioxidant defenses. Before weaning, Bmi1(-/-) mice display a progeroid-like ocular and brain phenotype, while Bmi1(+/-) mice, although apparently normal, have reduced lifespan. Bmi1 deficiency in neurons results in increased p19(Arf)/p53 levels, abnormally high ROS concentrations, and hypersensitivity to neurotoxic agents. Most Bmi1 functions on neurons' oxidative metabolism are genetically linked to repression of p53 pro-oxidant activity, which also operates in physiological conditions. In Bmi1(-/-) neurons, p53 and corepressors accumulate at antioxidant gene promoters, correlating with a repressed chromatin state and antioxidant gene downregulation. These findings provide a molecular mechanism explaining how Bmi1 regulates free radical concentrations and reveal the biological impact of Bmi1 deficiency on neuronal survival and aging.
Redistribution layer routing for integrated fan-out wafer-level chip-scale packages (2016)

The integrated fan-out (InFO) wafer-level chip-scale package (WLCSP) is an emerging packaging technology, which typically consists of multiple redistribution layers (RDLs) for signal redistributions among multiple chips. There is still no published work specifically on the RDL routing for the InFO WLCSP. Published RDL routing works consider different types of routing, namely free-assignment, pre-assignment, and unified-assignment routing, for a single chip. With the integration of multiple chips under the InFO WLCSP, however, previous works cannot achieve high efficiency or effectiveness with simple extensions. To remedy the deficiencies of poor interactions between chips and multiple RDLs, we formulate a new RDL routing problem for the InFO WLCSP and present the first work in the literature to handle the unified-assignment, multi-layer multi-chip RDL routing problem (without RDL vias), considering signal integrity, layer assignment, layer number minimization, and total wirelength minimization. We propose a concentric-circle model which models all the connections among one chip and all other chips. Based on this model, we assign the connections between chips to appropriate layers to avoid long detours. In addition, this model transforms the geometrical information of the pre-assignment connections among chips into a network-flow model to generate a routing prototype in a fan-out region not covered by any chip efficiently and effectively. Experimental results demonstrate the high quality and efficiency of our algorithm.
Array configuration design for space-time adaptive processing systems (2003)

It is known that the design of antenna array configuration is an important issue to the antenna array applications. We present a method to design antenna array configurations for space-time adaptive processing (STAP) applied to mobile communication systems. We first derive an upper bound of the residual error power of STAP systems under the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. Then, the relationship between the bound and the space-time channel auto- and cross-correlation functions is established. According to this relationship, an objective function under perfect Monte Carlo sampling is proposed, based on which the array configuration that optimizes the performance is thus obtained. Numerical simulation results under a given statistical signal environment show the effectiveness of the proposed design method.
Long‐term freedom from recurrence in 2 stage IV melanoma patients following vaccination with tyrosinase peptides (2002)

We report here on 2 patients who received adjuvant vaccination with an HLA-A2- or HLA-A24-restricted tyrosinase peptide, respectively, and GM-CSF for frequently relapsing stage IV melanoma. Following resection of metastases and irradiation of brain metastases in 1 patient, both patients were without evidence of disease when receiving the first vaccination. While the patients had had 9 and 12, respectively, mostly s.c., relapses during the 3 years before vaccination, they experienced freedom from relapse for more than 2 years after vaccination. We found a T-cell response to the vaccine peptide in both patients in the peripheral blood by ex vivo IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay. The T-cell population could be further characterized by 4-color flow cytometry in 1 patient, showing that the majority of the peptide-specific CD3(+)CD8(+)IFN-gamma(+) T cells were granzyme B-positive and CCR-7-negative, characterizing them as effector T cells with the ability to mediate cytotoxicity and migrate to inflamed tissues. In this patient also, augmentation of the T-cell response to autologous tumor cells by vaccination could be detected. A single-site postvaccination relapse occurred in both patients, showing downregulation of tyrosinase expression in 1 patient, while normal expression levels for tyrosinase, MHC class I antigens and components of the antigen-processing machinery were found in the other patient. These results suggest that peptide vaccination resulted in a prolonged relapse-free interval in these high-risk patients.
Protein-Folding Dynamics: Overview of Molecular Simulation Techniques (2006)

Molecular dynamics (MD) is an invaluable tool with which to study protein folding in silico. Although just a few years ago the dynamic behavior of a protein molecule could be simulated only in the neighborhood of the experimental conformation (or protein unfolding could be simulated at high temperature), the advent of distributed computing, new techniques such as replica-exchange MD, new approaches (based on, e.g., the stochastic difference equation), and physics-based reduced models of proteins now make it possible to study protein-folding pathways from completely unfolded structures. In this review, we present algorithms for MD and their extensions and applications to protein-folding studies, using all-atom models with explicit and implicit solvent as well as reduced models of polypeptide chains.