gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Sulfamonomethoxine Combined with Ormetoprim on Bovine Coccidiosis (1998)

Thirty-two beef cattle (Abaerdeen Angus F1) aged 4.6 to 17.3 months, mostly more than one-year-old excreting Eimeria zuernii or E. bovis oocysts in feces, were devided into 3 groups, and one of them was treated with sulfamonomethoxine (SM) 7.5mg and ormetoprim (OR) 2.5mg/kg/day for 3 or 5 consecutive days, while another with SM 15mg+OR 5mg/kg/day. The remaining one group served as control given SM alone (30mg/kg/day). Following the drug administration 62.5 to 66.7% cattle showed the improved symptoms, and the recovery of the diarrhea was observed 3 or 7days after treating, but no significant difference was not seen among the 3 groups. The OPG values were also reduced obviously (p<0.01 or p<0.05) in each group, but there was no significant difference in the number of oocysts excreted in feces among the groups. The rate of decrease in number of oocysts was most remarkable (95.8%) in those given 15mg SM+5mg OR.
A Proposed Mechanism of the Influence of Gold Nanoparticles on DNA Hybridization (2014)

A combination of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and nucleic acids has been used in biosensing applications. However, there is a poor fundamental understanding of how gold nanoparticle surfaces influence the DNA hybridization process. Here, we measured the rate constants of the hybridization and dehybridization of DNA on gold nanoparticle surfaces to enable the determination of activation parameters using transition state theory. We show that the target bases need to be detached from the gold nanoparticle surfaces before zipping. This causes a shift of the rate-limiting step of hybridization to the mismatch-sensitive zipping step. Furthermore, our results propose that the binding of gold nanoparticles to the single-stranded DNA segments (commonly known as bubbles) in the duplex DNA stabilizes the bubbles and accelerates the dehybridization process. We employ the proposed mechanism of DNA hybridization/dehybridization to explain the ability of 5 nm diameter gold nanoparticles to help discriminate between single base-pair mismatched DNA molecules when performed in a NanoBioArray chip. The mechanistic insight into the DNA-gold nanoparticle hybridization/dehybridization process should lead to the development of new biosensors.
Total Synthesis of Rhoiptelol B (2010)

A simple and efficient total synthesis of rhoiptelol B, isolated from the the leaves and fruits of Rhoiptelea chiliantha, is achieved using Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, 1,3-anti-chiral allylation, olefin cross-metathesis, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation, and ferric chloride catalyzed intramolecular SN2 cyclization as the key steps.
Approximate Synthesis of Four-Bar Linkages (1955)

Abstract Formulas are presented for obtaining the characteristics of a four-bar linkage, designed to generate an arbitrary function approximately over a finite range. A number of methods of varying degrees of accuracy and complexity have been developed, enabling a designer to select the one best suited to his requirements.
Highly efficient isolation of porcine islets of Langerhans for xenotransplantation: numbers, purity, yield and in vitro function. (2001)

If xenograft rejection can be overcome and the risk of xenosis can be minimised, sufficient numbers of purified porcine islets with good in vitro function can be isolated to serve as a potential source for islet transplantation in diabetic patients.
Sensing user intention and context for energy management (2003)

Sensors are emerging as a key area of interest in operating systems research, with a main focus on sensor networks. Turning the relationship around, we propose the use of low-power sensors as tools for improving OS-based energy management. Using sensors to detect user intent and physical context we can more directly match system I/O behavior to user needs. FaceOff is a prototype display power management system designed as a test bed and proof-of-concept.
Distributed Honeypot log management and visualization of attacker geographical distribution (2011)

Honeypot is a prominent technology that helps us learn new hacking techniques from attackers and intruders. The much information from multiple Honeypot servers, the more appropriate signatures we can generate. To ease the administrator to manage and monitor trace files from multiple Honeypot servers that are distributed in various locations at the same time, in this paper we design and implement a prototype of log management server to automatically and periodically collect log files from them. Information reported by each Honeypot server will be sent in secure manner to the log management server. The log management server then parses the information into the database server, where users can search for specific information through the web interface, such as searching based on one or two Honeypot servers. Moreover, the geographical distribution of attackers is visualized in the world map by utilizing the WHOIS database and GeoPlot software.
248 nm induced vacuum UV spectral changes in optical fibre preform cores: support for a colour centre model of photosensitivity (1993)

UV (248 nm) induced changes in the UV spectrum (165–300 nm) of optical fibre preform cores have been measured which can account for refractive index changes observed on writing Bragg gratings in optical fibres. The changes are thermally reversed at 900°C. A fibre grating has been thermally erased and rewritten with no significant change in fibre photosensitivity.
Structure–activity relationships of trimethoxybenzyl piperazine N-type calcium channel inhibitors (2012)

We previously reported the small organic N-type calcium channel blocker NP078585 that while efficacious in animal models for pain, exhibited modest L-type calcium channel selectivity and substantial off-target inhibition against the hERG potassium channel. Structure-activity studies to optimize NP078585 preclinical properties resulted in compound 16, which maintained high potency for N-type calcium channel blockade, and possessed excellent selectivity over the hERG (~120-fold) and L-type (~3600-fold) channels. Compound 16 shows significant anti-hyperalgesic activity in the spinal nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain and is also efficacious in the rat formalin model of inflammatory pain.
Probiotics and stabilisation of the gut mucosal barrier. (1996)

Probiotic bacteria are used to treat disturbed intestinal microflora and altered gut permeability which are characteristic to many intestinal disorders. Examples include children with acute rotavirus diarrhoea, subjects with food allergy and patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy. Altered intestinal microflora has been treated by oral intake of probiotic bacteria which are able to survive gastric conditions, colonise the intestine, at least temporarily, by adhering to the intestinal epithelium. Such probiotic microorganisms appear to be promising candidates for the treatment of clinical conditions with abnormal gut microflora and altered gut mucosal barrier functions.
NS1 Protein of Influenza A Virus Inhibits the Function of Intracytoplasmic Pathogen Sensor, RIG-I (2006)

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) has recently been identified as one of the key intracellular sensors of virus infection. RIG-I binds to cytosolic double-stranded RNA and initiates a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of transcription factors required for expression of type I interferon (IFN-I). Previous evidence suggests that nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) encoded by influenza A virus (IAV) suppresses IFN-I secretion in virus-infected cells by an unknown mechanism. In the present study, we demonstrate that RIG-I is required for induction of IFN-I in an IAV-infected human lung epithelial cell line. Knockdown of RIG-I expression by RNA interference greatly impairs production of IFN-beta in cells infected with different strains of wild-type IAV. Furthermore, co-expression of IAV NS1 down-regulates production of IFN-beta induced by RIG-I agonists, and ectopic expression of RIG-I inhibits the replication of IAV. These results provide further information on the mechanism by which IAV NS1 antagonizes the host antiviral response.
Before the First Shot is Fired: Hypothetical Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution to Avoid a Re-Enactment of the Hatfields and the McCoys - Kirkham v. Wright (1990)

Kirkham v. Wright was chosen as the subject case because it represents the type of dispute that is extremely well suited to resolution through the ADR process. While some argument exists about the law in Kirkham,2 the bulk of the dispute revolves around the application of the law to the facts.' Furthermore, this case was eventually settled after remand,4 which leads to the conclusion that a settlement may have been possible earlier. Additionally, while the attorneys involved would not disclose the legal costs, it is a safe estimate that they ran into the tens of thousands of dollars.'
MOON ON THE RIVER (1943)

MOON ON THE RIVER Get access Doris Edwards Doris Edwards Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 4, Issue 23, Summer 1943, Pages 153-a–153, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/4.23.153-a Published: 01 July 1943
Modelling Score Distributions Without Actual Scores (2013)

Score-distribution models are used for various practical purposes in search, for example for results merging and threshold setting. In this paper, the basic ideas of the score-distributional approach to viewing and analysing the effectiveness of search systems are re-examined. All recent score-distribution modelling work depends on the availability of actual scores generated by systems, and makes assumptions about these scores. Such work is therefore not applicable to systems which do not generate or reveal such scores, or whose scoring/ranking approach violates the assumptions. We demonstrate that it is possible to apply at least some score-distributional ideas without access to real scores, knowing only the rankings produced (together with a single effectiveness metric based on relevance judgements). This new basic insight is illustrated by means of simulation experiments, on a range of TREC runs, some of whose reported scores are clearly unsuitable for existing methods.
Satellite Servicing by Teleoperators (1985)

The Teleoperator Maneuvering System (TMS) will initially be a Shuttle-launched ground-based, satellite servicing vehicle controlled by man-in-the-loop. During Space Station implementation, it will be used to assist the assembly and placement of the various Space Station elements as well as to provide logistics module transportation from the Shuttle to the Space Station. It will eventually be based at the Space Station to support satellite viewing, spacecraft and payload placement and retrieval functions, and to provide support of science or materials processing free-flying platforms. Various satellite servicing examples with the use of the TMS from the Space Station and/or the Space Shuttle are provided in this paper. Concepts for the number of TMS and the type of basing required at the Space Station are also reviewed. Specific station accommodations must await definition of the emerging station configurations.
Phosphorylation of MAP2c and MAP4 by MARK kinases leads to the destabilization of microtubules in cells (1999)

Microtubules serve as transport tracks in molecular mechanisms governing cellular shape and polarity. Rapid transitions between stable and dynamic microtubules are regulated by several factors, including microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). We have shown that MAP/microtubule affinity regulating kinases (MARK) can phosphorylate the microtubule-associated-proteins MAP4, MAP2c, and tau on their microtubule-binding domain in vitro. This leads to their detachment from microtubules (MT) and an increased dynamic instability of MT. Here we show that MARK protein kinases phosphorylate MAP2 and MAP4 on their microtubule-binding domain in transfected CHO cells. In CHO cells expressing MARK1 or MARK2 under control of an inducible promoter, MARK2 phosphorylates an endogenous MAP4-related protein. Prolonged expression of MARK2 results in microtubule-disruption, detachment of cells from the substratum, and cell death. Concomitant with microtubule disruption, we also observed a breakdown of the vimentin network, whereas actin fibers remained unaffected. Thus, MARK seems to play an important role in controlling cytoskeletal dynamics.
Order of Inoculation during Heligmosomoides bakeri and Hymenolepis microstoma Coinfection Alters Parasite Life History and Host Responses (2013)

Parasite life history may differ during coinfection compared to single infections, and the order of infection may be an important predictor of life history traits. We subjected laboratory mice (Mus musculus) to single and coinfections with Heligmosomoides bakeri and Hymenolepis microstoma and measured life history traits of worms and also hepatobiliary and morphological responses by the host. We found that fewer H. bakeri larvae established, and adult worms were shorter and produced fewer eggs during a coinfection where H. microstoma occurred first. H. microstoma grew more and released more eggs after simultaneous inoculation of both parasites compared to a single H. microstoma infection, despite similar worm numbers. Mouse small intestine mass, but not length, varied with coinfection and bile duct mass was largest when H. microstoma was given alone or first. Mouse serum alkaline phosphatase levels were greatest for mice infected with H. microstoma only but did not vary with number of scolices; no change in mouse serum alanine transaminase levels was observed. Overall, the order of coinfection influenced life history traits of both H. bakeri and H. microstoma, but changes in survival, growth, and reproduction with order of inoculation were not consistent between the two parasites.
Wide Area Detection and Identification of Underwater UXO Using Structural Acoustic Sensors (2011)

Abstract : This new project is exploring the potential for developing a structural acoustics (SA) based sonar methodology for wide area search and identification of underwater unexploded ordnance (UXO). This new approach may have significant advantages over more conventional acoustic approaches, which rely on the formation of high resolution images. These advantages include: diverse set of fingerprints leading to low false alarm rates; longer range operation leading to wide area coverage; and low frequency sediment penetration leading to buried target prosecution. A core element of the current project is a comprehensive examination of the scattering levels and features exhibited by typical UXO targets in the SA regime using NRL's state-of-the-art underwater scattering facilities, both laboratory-based and at-sea. We have recently completed the first phase of this data collection using the laboratory-based facility, and these results are reported here.
Microspacecraft technology for planetary science missions (1991)

A summary is presented of the technology that may enable a microspacecraft, whose mass is on the order of 10 kg, to perform smaller, faster, and more frequent planetary science missions. Some of JPL's activities in microspacecraft are discussed including the benefits of microspacecraft technology to a Mars Rover sample return mission and the conceptual design of a microspacecraft to examine near earth asteroids. Major technology items allowing the decrease in system mass include lightweight carbon-carbon and other composite structural materials and microsensors and instruments.
Nitrogen-Vacancy-Assisted Magnetometry of Paramagnetic Centers in an Individual Diamond Nanocrystal (2012)

Semiconductor nanoparticles host a number of paramagnetic point defects and impurities, many of them adjacent to the surface, whose response to external stimuli could help probe the complex dynamics of the particle and its local, nanoscale environment. Here, we use optically detected magnetic resonance in a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center within an individual diamond nanocrystal to investigate the composition and spin dynamics of the particle-hosted spin bath. For the present sample, a ∼45 nm diamond crystal, NV-assisted dark-spin spectroscopy reveals the presence of nitrogen donors and a second, yet-unidentified class of paramagnetic centers. Both groups share a common spin lifetime considerably shorter than that observed for the NV spin, suggesting some form of spatial clustering, possibly on the nanoparticle surface. Using double spin resonance and dynamical decoupling, we also demonstrate control of the combined NV center-spin bath dynamics and attain NV coherence lifetimes comparable to those reported for bulk, Type Ib samples. Extensions based on the experiments presented herein hold promise for applications in nanoscale magnetic sensing, biomedical labeling, and imaging.
An Electrochemical Claus Process for Sulfur Recovery (1989)

Electrochemical oxidation of to give sulfur and water was achieved at 900°C using fuel cells possessing the general configuration
Mechanisms Involved in Enhancement of Osteoclast Formation and Function by Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid (2005)

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a component of the extracellular matrix that has been shown to play an important role in bone formation, resorption, and mineralization both in vivo and in vitro. We examined the effects of HA at several molecular weights on osteoclast formation and function induced by RANKL (receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand) in a mouse monocyte cell line (RAW 264.7). HA at M(r) < 8,000 (low molecular weight HA (LMW-HA)) enhanced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cell formation and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity induced by RANKL in a dose-dependent manner, whereas HA at M(r) > 900,000 (high molecular weight HA (HMW-HA)) showed no effect on osteoclast differentiation. LMW-HA enhanced pit formation induced by RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HMW-HA did not, and LMW-HA stimulated the expression of RANK (receptor activator of NF-kappa B) protein in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, we found that LMW-HA enhanced the levels of c-Src protein and phosphorylation of ERKs and p38 MAPK in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with RANKL, whereas the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. This enhancement of c-Src and RANK proteins induced by LMW-HA was inhibited by CD44 function-blocking monoclonal antibody. These results indicate that LMW-HA plays an important role in osteoclast differentiation and function through the interaction of RANKL and RANK.
Polarization Raman study of protein ordering by controllable RBC deformation (2009)

Abstract Polarized Raman spectroscopy is used to provide evidence of hemoglobin protein ordering as the red blood cell (RBC) is stretched with optical tweezers. The stretching of the cell is intended to mimic the deformation that it experiences as it travels through vessels and capillaries. The depolarization ratios for a number of heme Raman bands change as the cell is stretched, confirming the semi‐ordered nature of the hemoglobin ensemble in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, trends observed in the ratio shifts point to increased packing and ordering of the Hb after cell stretching. This evidence should shed more light on to the role of deformation in the RBC function. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organizing phenological data resources to inform natural resource conservation (2013)

Changes in the timing of plant and animal life cycle events, in response to climate change, are already happening across the globe. The impacts of these changes may affect biodiversity via disruption to mutualisms, trophic mismatches, invasions and population declines. To understand the nature, causes and consequences of changed, varied or static phenologies, new data resources and tools are being developed across the globe. The USA National Phenology Network is developing a long-term, multi-taxa phenological database, together with a customizable infrastructure, to support conservation and management needs. We present current and potential applications of the infrastructure, across scales and user groups. The approaches described here are congruent with recent trends towards multi-agency, large-scale research and action.
The Generalized Lasso With Non-Linear Observations (2016)

We study the problem of signal estimation from non-linear observations when the signal belongs to a low-dimensional set buried in a high-dimensional space. A rough heuristic often used in practice postulates that the non-linear observations may be treated as noisy linear observations, and thus, the signal may be estimated using the generalized Lasso. This is appealing because of the abundance of efficient, specialized solvers for this program. Just as noise may be diminished by projecting onto the lower dimensional space, the error from modeling non-linear observations with linear observations will be greatly reduced when using the signal structure in the reconstruction. We allow general signal structure, only assuming that the signal belongs to some set K ⊂ R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> . We consider the single-index model of non-linearity. Our theory allows the non-linearity to be discontinuous, not one-to-one and even unknown. We assume a random Gaussian model for the measurement matrix, but allow the rows to have an unknown covariance matrix. As special cases of our results, we recover near-optimal theory for noisy linear observations, and also give the first theoretical accuracy guarantee for 1-b compressed sensing with unknown covariance matrix of the measurement vectors.
Cardiac Electrophysiological Actions of the Histamine H<sub>1</sub>-Receptor Antagonists Astemizole and Terfenadine Compared With Chlorpheniramine and Pyrilamine (1995)

We compared the cardiac electrophysiological actions of two types of H1-receptor antagonists--the piperidines, astemizole and terfenadine, and the nonpiperidines, chlorpheniramine and pyrilamine-in vitro in guinea pig ventricular myocytes and in vivo in chloralose-anesthetized dogs. Astemizole and terfenadine significantly increased action potential duration of guinea pig myocytes. This concentration-dependent prolongation of action potential duration was reverse frequency dependent and led to development of early afterdepolarizations, which occurred more frequently at higher concentrations and slower pacing frequencies. Astemizole and terfenadine potently blocked the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifier, IKr, with IC50 values of 1.5 and 50 nmol/L, respectively. At 10 mumol/L, terfenadine but not astemizole blocked the slowly activating component of the delayed rectifier, IKs (58.4 +/- 3.1%), and the inward rectifier, IK1 (20.5 +/- 3.4%). Chlorpheniramine and pyrilamine blocked IKr relatively weakly (IC50 = 1.6 and 1.1 mumol/L, respectively) and IKs and IK1 less than 20% at 10 mumol/L. Astemizole and terfenadine (1.0 to 3.0 mg/kg IV) significantly prolonged the QTc interval and ventricular effective refractory period in vivo. Chlorpheniramine and pyrilamine (< or = 3.0 mg/kg) did not significantly affect these parameters. Block of repolarizing K+ currents, particularly IK1, by astemizole and terfenadine produces reverse rate-dependent prolongation of action potential duration and development of early afterdepolarizations, delays ventricular repolarization, and may underlie the development of torsade de pointes ventricular arrhythmias observed with the use and abuse of these agents.