gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two dimensional polymer-embedded quasi-distributed FBG pressure sensor for biomedical applications (2009)

We report on the development of a flexible 2D optical fiber-based pressure sensing surface suitable for biomedical applications. The sensor comprises of highly-sensitive Fiber Bragg Grating elements embedded in a thin polymer sheet to form a 2x2 cm(2) sensing pad with a minimal thickness of 2.5mm, while it is easily expandable in order to be used as a building block for larger surface sensors. The fabricated pad sensor was combined with a low physical dimension commercially available interrogation unit to enhance the portability features of the complete sensing system. Sensor mechanical properties allow for matching human skin behavior, while its operational performance exhibited a maximum fractional pressure sensitivity of 12 MPa(-1) with a spatial resolution of 1x1cm(2) and demonstrated no hysteresis and real time operation. These attractive operational and mechanical properties meet the requirements of various biomedical applications with respect to human skin pressure measurements, including amputee sockets, shoe sensors, wearable sensors, wheelchair seating-system sensors, hospital-bed monitoring sensors.
Resistance to spiramycin in Streptomyces ambofaciens, the producer organism, involves at least two different mechanisms (1993)

During its stationary phase, Streptomyces ambofaciens produces the macrolide antibiotic spiramycin, and has to protect itself against this antibiotic. Young mycelia, not yet producing spiramycin, are sensitive to it, but they become fully resistant when production begins. In a sensitive mycelium, resistance could be induced by exposure to sub-inhibitory concentrations of spiramycin, and these induced mycelia, like producing mycelia were resistant not only to spiramycin but also to several other macrolide antibiotics. Ribosomes extracted from these resistant mycelia were shown in vitro to be more resistant to spiramycin than ribosomes extracted from sensitive mycelium, indicating that S. ambofaciens possesses a spiramycin-inducible ribosomal resistance to spiramycin and to macrolide antibiotics. Studies with spiramycin non-producing mutants showed that, in these mutants, resistance to spiramycin also varies during cultivation, in that an old culture was much more resistant than a young one. But with these non-producing mutants, the spectrum of resistance was narrower, and in vitro data showed that resistance was not due to ribosomal modification. These results suggest that S. ambofaciens presents at least two distinct mechanisms for spiramycin resistance; a spiramycin-inducible ribosomal resistance, and a second resistance mechanism which might be temporally regulated and which could involve decreased permeability to, or export of, the antibiotic. The two mechanisms are probably at work simultaneously in the producing mycelium, the spiramycin-inducible resistance being induced by endogenous spiramycin. In non-producing mutants, in the absence of self-induction by spiramycin, only the second mechanism is observed.
CHAPTER III (2014)

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Reduction of background signal in automated array biosensors (2005)

Automated sample and reagent delivery to planar microarrays requires the attachment of flow channels to the sensing surface. When evanescent measurements are required, the attachment of the flow chamber causes particular problems. The flow chamber scatters the excitation light, increasing the background signal above which the fluorescent signal must be detected. Introducing a light-absorbing material (carbon black) into the PDMS flow channels has been shown to decrease the measured background signal by 66%. The benefits of background image subtraction are also discussed.
Effect of hydroprocessing on lubricant base stock composition and product performance (1994)

Conventional lubricant base stock manufacture via solvent refining involves the physical separation of lube molecules while hydroprocessing changes the chemical structures of these molecules. Sulfur, nitrogen, and aromatic compounds are reduced to very low levels, compared to conventional refining. These changes in composition naturally affect product performance. Lube oil oxidation stability is increased but inferior solvency characteristics are apparent. This paper summarizes the effect of hydroprocessing unit configuration (one vs. two stage), hydrogen pressure, and hydrotreating temperature on lube base stock composition (sulfur, nitrogen and aromatics). Base stock aromatic composition, as evaluated by ultraviolet spectroscopy, is related to lube oil oxidation stability in a phenol-based antioxidant formulation. Solvency problems observed for the formulated products can be improved with additive modifications. 8 refs., 8 figs., 7 tabs.
Anesthesia in a Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii). (1998)

A Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii) was satisfactorily immobilized on two occasions with i.m. detomidine (0.065-0.13 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.13-0.2 mg/kg). On the second occasion, anesthesia was induced by i.v. administration of ketamine (2.2 mg/kg). Twenty minutes later, endotracheal intubation was performed after an additional i.v. injection of ketamine (1.5 mg/kg). Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane, which provided excellent conditions for radiology and surgery. Anesthesia was associated with hypoxemia when the tapir was allowed to breathe air and with hypoventilation. Mean arterial pressure remained satisfactory. No antagonist drugs were administered, and recovery from anesthesia was rapid and smooth.
Photons for Therapy: Targeted Photodynamic Therapy for Infected and Contaminated Wounds (2004)

Battlefield wounds are frequently contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms present on uniforms and skin. Although the development of serious infections can often be prevented by antibiotics, the rise in worldwide incidence of multiply antibiotic-resistant bacteria necessitates the discovery of alternative methods. In addition, traumatic wounds and burns may contain non-perfused tissue where antibiotics cannot penetrate efficiently. The possibility also exists of the use of biological weapons with unknown antibiotic susceptibility. We report on the use of a targeted polycationic photosensitizer conjugate between poly-L-lysine and chlorin(e6) that can penetrate the Gram (-) outer membrane together with harmless red laser light to kill Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infecting excisional wounds in mice. We used genetically engineered luminescent bacteria that allowed the infection to be imaged in mouse wounds using a sensitive CCD camera. Wounds were infected with 5x10(exp 6) bacteria, followed by application of the conjugate in solution and illumination with red light. There was a light-dose dependent loss of luminescence as measured by image analysis in the wound treated with conjugate and light, not seen in control wounds. This strain of E. coli is non-invasive and the infection in untreated wounds spontaneously resolved in a few days and all wounds healed equally well showing the photodynamic treatment did not damage the host tissue. P. aeruginosa is highly invasive and mice with photosensitizer alone, light alone or untreated infected wounds all died while 90% of PDT treated mice survived. Wounds treated with PDT healed significantly better than those treated with an alternative antimicrobial (silver nitrate). We then treated mice with an infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus that had been allowed to grow in abscesses below the skin.
Immunohistochemical study suggesting a complementary role of kallikreins hK2 and hK3 (prostate-specific antigen) in the functional analysis of human prostate tumors. (1997)

The development of monoclonal antibodies directed against prostatic kallikrein hK2 prompted us to evaluate its content, along with that of hK3 (prostate-specific antigen), in human prostate carcinoma. Seventy tumors categorized according to the M.D. Anderson Hospital classification (grade I to IV) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The staining intensity or the kallikrein content of benign prostatic hyperplasia glandular tissue (used as control) and of grade I tumors appeared similar. In grade II to IV tumors, histochemical data revealed highly variable hK2 or hK3 content in approximately 25% of tumors. Such patterns are consistent with a current observation related to heterogeneity of prostate tumors. In addition, a few tumors did not express hK3 (n = 3), hK2 (n = 3), or both (n = 3), indicating that some growth patterns of prostatic neoplasia are associated with a lack of secretion or storage of hK3 or hK2 for immunodetection. This statement also appears relevant to metastases. It was interesting to note that 4% of hK3-negative tumors had detectable hK2. Because of the importance of hK3 as a serum marker of prostate disorder, this study addresses for the first time the question of the relative importance of both hK3 and hK2 in the immunohistochemical diagnosis of prostatic tumors. We conclude that hK2 may add new information to prostate cancer diagnosis and characterization.
Rat Mitochondrial <i>Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase</i> Gene: Multiple Promoters, High Levels in Brown Adipose Tissue, and Tissue-Specific Regulation by Thyroid Hormone (1998)

Mitochondrial FAD-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mtGPDH) is one of the two enzymes of the glycerol phosphate shuttle. This shuttle transfers reducing equivalents from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria in a unidirectional, exothermic manner. Here, the isolation and characterization of the rat nuclear gene (Gpd2) encoding mtGPDH is reported. The mtGPDH gene spans 100 kb and consists of 17 exons. The use of alternate promoters was suggested by the presence of three different first exons and confirmed by transient expression for two of them. The first exons are expressed in a tissue-restricted manner. Exon 1a was found primarily in brain, exon 1b was used in all tissues examined, and exon 1c was detected predominantly in testis. Depending on the tissue, different transcript lengths were also observed: 5.9 kb (all tissues), 3.6 kb (skeletal muscle), and 2.5 kb (testis). The length isoforms are attributable to alternate splicing and polyadenylation site use. Very high mtGPDH mRNA levels were found in brown adipose tissue, 75 fold greater than in white adipose tissue. Thyroid hormone increased mtGPDH mRNA levels in liver and heart but not in brown adipose tissue, brain, or testis. This pattern corresponds to that of thyroid hormone-induced oxygen consumption and is consistent with a role for mtGPDH in thyroid hormone-induced thermogenesis. Both thyroid-responsive and nonresponsive tissues used promoter 1b, suggesting that tissue-specific factor(s) contribute to the tissue-restricted responsiveness to thyroid hormone.
Organic Reactions on Silica in Water (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTOrganic Reactions on Silica in WaterSatoshi Minakata* and Mitsuo KomatsuView Author Information Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail [email protected]).Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 2, 711–724Publication Date (Web):December 10, 2008Publication History Received30 May 2008Published online10 December 2008Published inissue 11 February 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr8003955https://doi.org/10.1021/cr8003955review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views15160Altmetric-Citations347LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Hydrophobicity,Organic reactions,Silica,Solvents Get e-Alerts
An Efficient Programmable 10 Gigabit Ethernet Network Interface Card (2005)

This paper explores the hardware and software mechanisms necessary for an efficient programmable 10 Gigabit Ethernet network interface card. Network interface processing requires support for the following characteristics: a large volume of frame data, frequently accessed frame metadata, and high frame rate processing. This paper proposes three mechanisms to improve programmable network interface efficiency. First, a partitioned memory organization enables low-latency access to control data and high-bandwidth access to frame contents from a high-capacity memory. Second, a distributed task-queue mechanism enables parallelization of frame processing across many low-frequency cores, while using software to maintain total frame ordering. Finally, the addition of two new atomic read-modify-write instructions reduces frame ordering overheads by 50%. Combining these hardware and software mechanisms enables a network interface card to saturate a full-duplex 10 Gb/s Ethernet link by utilizing 6 processor cores and 4 banks of on-chip SRAM operating at 166 MHz, along with external 500 MHz GDDR SDRAM.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction study of the farnesyl diphosphate synthase from<i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> (2004)

Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) catalyses the formation of farnesyl diphosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate and is an RNAi-validated drug target in Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness. A T. brucei FPPS (390 amino acids) has been expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant protein has been crystallized in the absence and presence of the bisphosphonate inhibitor minodronate. Diffraction data were collected at 100 K using synchrotron radiation from both crystal types. Crystals obtained in the absence of minodronate belong to space group I222, with unit-cell parameters a = 61.43, b = 118.12, c = 120.04 A, while crystals grown in the presence of minodronate belong to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 131.98, b = 118.10, c = 63.25 A, beta = 112.48 degrees. An initial model of the drug-free protein has been built using a homology model with the molecular-replacement method and refined to 3.3 A resolution. It shows mostly helical structure and resembles the structure of avian farnesyl diphosphate synthase, but with the addition of two loop regions.
Increased Number of Tc17 and Correlation with Th17 Cells in Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia (2011)

Tc17 and the Th17 subset are involved in the immunopathology of ITP. Blocking the abnormally increased number of Tc17 may be a reasonable therapeutic strategy for ITP.
Leukocyte telomere length is associated with complications of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (2011)

The results of the study support the hypothesis that telomere attrition may be a marker associated with the presence and the number of diabetic complications.
Optimal Buyer-Seller Discount Pricing and Ordering Policy for Deteriorating Items (1998)

ABSTRACT Substantial research on inventory has been done over the years, but with little attention to buyer-seller pricing relationships for deteriorating items. We develop a model with an exponentially decaying inventory to determine optimal joint total relevant annual cost of the buyer and seller. Our analysis extends the research to an all-unit quantity discount inventory policy for deteriorating items with various deterioration rates and negotiation factors. The objective is to determine the optimal replenishment interval and discount price so that the joint total annual cost is minimized. Sensitivity analysis in the numerical example shows that optimal order interval and joint system cost are very sensitive to the deterioration rate. This shows the importance of considering the effect of deterioration.
Halftoning and Color Noise (2001)

A frequency modulated color halftoning algorithm is presented in this paper. Unlike the normal approach of halftoning a color image, in which the color separations of the original image are halftoned independently, the original color image is halftoned in a context dependent manner. The strategy to reduce color noise and gain control over color gamut is to prevent dot-on-dot printing as much as possible. The color shifts that might occur because of this dot-off-dot printing strategy have to be compensated before halftoning. This transformation uses some data for the printer with which the halftoned color image is supposed to be printed. The experiments verify that the color noise is notably smaller in the images that are halftoned by the proposed method compared to the images halftoned using the normal approach of halftoning color images. The method also offers the possibility of treating the color separations of the original image differently if needed. For example, the yellow separation should be treated differently from the other separations, because the yellow dots are less visible than the other color dots when they are printed on a white paper. Two criteria for objectively measuring the quality of the produced results are also discussed.
Preventive and therapeutic anti‐inflammatory properties of the sesquiterpene α‐humulene in experimental airways allergic inflammation (2009)

alpha-Humulene, given either orally or by aerosol, exhibited marked anti-inflammatory properties in a murine model of airways allergic inflammation, an effect that seemed to be mediated via reduction of inflammatory mediators, adhesion molecule expression and transcription factors activation.
Methods of Synthesis of β-Substituted Furan Derivatives (1969)

The review describes the methods of synthesis of β-substituted furan derivatives. Particular attention was devoted to the methods based both on furan itself and its α-monosubstituted derivatives. This approach to the problem arises from the fact that at the present time compounds of the furan series, for example furfural, furan, silvan, etc. are readily available and are manufactured on a commercial scale. The bibliography includes 202 references.
A single-coil triple resonance probe for NMR experiments (1980)

A single-coil triple-tuned NMR probe designed to simultaneously stimulate 1H, 2H and 13C resonances is described. Isolation between the 1H and 13C channels is higher that obtained by the cross-coil system and the 1H decoupling efficiency is significantly increased. The basic idea can be applied to design probes for observing resonances of various other nuclei either in liquid or solid state.
Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel Using Sulfonic and Phosphonic Acid-Doped Polyanilines (2002)

Growing environmental concerns regarding the use of heavy metals in coating formulations have led to a new coating strategy using inherently conducting polymers (ICP), such as polyaniline (PANI), as a key component. The principal potential advantage offered by the ICP coating technology is toleration of pinholes and minor scratches. This paper introduces the use of new PANI formulations that are doped with phosphonic acids. Salt fog exposure tests point to phosphonic acid salts of PANI being more effective for corrosion protection than traditionally used sulfonic acid salts. Scanning reference electrode technology (SRET) data support the salt fog results in that the sulfonic acid dopants exhibited an increasing galvanic activity with time while the phosphonic acid dopants showed a decrease in activity with time, indicating passivation. A qualitative model is proposed which entails passivation of the metal surface through anodization of the metal by PANI and formation of an insoluble iron-dopant salt at the metal surface.
Identification of genomic classifiers that distinguish induction failure in T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Oncology Group (2007)

The clinical and cytogenetic features associated with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) are not predictive of early treatment failure. Based on the hypothesis that microarrays might identify patients who fail therapy, we used the Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 chip and prediction analysis of microarrays (PAM) to profile 50 newly diagnosed patients who were treated in the Children's Oncology Group (COG) T-ALL Study 9404. We identified a 116-member genomic classifier that could accurately distinguish all 6 induction failure (IF) cases from 44 patients who achieved remission; network analyses suggest a prominent role for genes mediating cellular quiescence. Seven genes were similarly upregulated in both the genomic classifier for IF patients and T-ALL cell lines having acquired resistance to neoplastic agents, identifying potential target genes for further study in drug resistance. We tested whether our classifier could predict IF within 42 patient samples obtained from COG 8704 and, using PAM to define a smaller classifier for the U133A chip, correctly identified the single IF case and patients with persistently circulating blasts. Genetic profiling may identify T-ALL patients who are likely to fail induction and for whom alternate treatment strategies might be beneficial.
Structure of the Thiamine- and Flavin-Dependent Enzyme Pyruvate Oxidase (1993)

Pyruvate oxidase from Lactobacillus plantarum is a tetrameric enzyme that decarboxylates pyruvate, producing hydrogen peroxide and the energy-storage metabolite acetylphosphate. Structure determination at 2.1 angstroms showed that the cofactors thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are bound at the carboxyl termini of six-stranded parallel beta sheets. The pyrophosphate moiety of TPP is bound to a metal ion and to a beta alpha alpha beta unit corresponding to an established sequence fingerprint. The spatial arrangement of TPP and FAD suggests that the oxidation of the oxyethyl intermediate does not occur by hydride displacement but rather by a two-step transfer of two electrons.
Characterization of microfibrillar reinforced poly(ethylene naphthalate)/polypropylene composites via polarized Raman and polarized FTIR spectroscopy (2010)

Abstract In polarized Fourier‐transformed infrared spectroscopy and polarized Raman spectra of drawn poly (ethylene naphthalate)/polypropylene (PP) blends, the intensities of the orientation‐sensitive bands of the blend components increased or decreased with increasing elongation, depending on the orientation of the corresponding vibrations. A significantly larger extent of molecular orientation was induced, when localized heating was applied to the blend during elongation (zone‐drawing). Greater degree of molecular orientation resulted in a higher strength blend. The strengths of the blends after each stage of microfibrillization, namely fibrillization and isotropization, were measured and correlated with spectral changes. After isotropization, the PP chains were randomized as shown by equal band intensities of the parallel and perpendicular spectra. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010