gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Key Interactions in Heterogeneous Ziegler−Natta Catalytic Systems:  Structure and Energetics of TiCl<sub>4</sub>−Lewis Base Complexes (2007)

Extensive calorimetric investigations on the interaction of TiCl4 with some Lewis bases are presented. Some of the bases were chosen for their industrial relevance in heterogeneous Ziegler−Natta polymerization of propene (ethyl benzoate, L2, diisobutyl phthalate, L3, (2R,3S)-diethyl 2,3-diisopropylsuccinate, L6, (2S,3S)-diethyl 2,3-diisopropylsuccinate, L7, and 9,9-bis(methoxymethyl)-9H-fluorene, L13) while other bases were chosen as probe molecules to explore the electronic and steric effects on the complexation energy (ethyl acetate, L1, diethyl phthalate, L4, diethyl succinate, L5, tetrahydrofuran, L8, dimethoxyethane, L9, dimethoxypropane, L10, dimethoxybutane, L11, and 3,3-bis(methoxymethyl)-2,6-dimethylheptane, L12). 1,1,2,2,-Tetrachloroethane was selected as the solvent for its low donating properties, which allows the focus to be on the metal−donor interaction. The calorimetric data are discussed and compared with the efficiency of the derived catalysts. Further understanding is obtained by comparison of the experimental results with theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The performance of different computational approaches was validated by comparison of the calculated and experimental complexation energies.
Modification of mesenchymal stem cells for cardiac regeneration (2010)

Modification of MSCs before transplantation has developed into a promising option for enhancing the beneficial effects of MSC-based therapy for cardiac repair after myocardial infarction.
The Significance of Stem-Cement Loosening of Grit-Blasted Femoral Components (2000)

This study analyzed 15 patients who underwent revision for loosening at the stem-cement interface. The femoral components were from the same manufacturer and had grit-blast roughened surfaces. An apparent radiographic deficiency in the cement mantle was present in at least one zone in 1 3 patients. In 9 of 12 patients with localized osteolysis, the osteolysis developed in a zone with an apparent radiographic cement mantle defect. Loosening occurred due to tension failure of the stem-cement interface followed by axial subsidence and movement into relative retroversion. Motion between the stem and the cement mantle fueled an abrasive wear mechanism between the roughened metal surface and the cement mantle, generating excessive metal and cement particles that gained access to endosteal bone via defects in the cement mantle and resulting in localized osteolysis. Although the roughened surface played a central role in these failures, it is unlikely the layer of polymethylmethacrylate (precoat) played a role in the mechanism of failure. In some cases, debonding occurred as a result of tension failure of the metal-precoat interface. In others, tension failure occurred within the cement mantle, leaving the precoat and some cement from the mantle on the stems. There was no difference in the mechanism of failure of stems with precoat proximally compared to stems with precoat proximally and distally. One stem had no precoat; findings in this patient were indistinguishable from the others. The significance of debonding depends on the surface roughness of the stem. Debonding carries a poorer prognosis with a rougher stem surface because of abrasive wear with the generation of numerous metal and cement particulates, which can lead to rapid osteolysis if there are cement mantle defects. Stems with a higher metal-cement bond strength may require a higher quality cement mantle for long-term success.
Absorption edge and urbach's rule in ZnO (1973)

Abstract Measurements of the absorption edge of ZnO up to 4000 cm −1 for 11 K < T < 878 K are presented. The results are analyzed in terms of Urbach's rule. For T < 350 K, Urbach's rule is reasonably well fulfilled, and the parameters of the rule are derived. Both LO‐phonons and acoustic phonons seem to be involved in the absorption process. For T > 350 K, Urbach's rule in its usual form is no longer valid.
Aptamer Switch Probe Based on Intramolecular Displacement (2008)

A novel aptamer-based molecular probe design employing intramolecular signal transduction is demonstrated. The probe is composed of three elements: an aptamer, a short, partially cDNA sequence, and a PEG linker conjugating the aptamer with the short DNA strand. We have termed this aptamer probe an "aptamer switch probe", or ASP. The ASP design utilizes both a fluorophore and a quencher which are respectively modified at the two termini of the ASP. In the absence of the target molecule, the short DNA will hybridize with the aptamer, keeping the fluorophore and quencher in close proximity, thus switching off the fluorescence. However, when the ASP meets its target, the binding between the aptamer and the target molecule will disturb the intramolecular DNA hybridization, move the quencher away from the fluorophore, and, in effect, switch on the fluorescence. Both ATP and human alpha-thrombin aptamers were engineered to demonstrate this design, and both showed that fluorescence enhancement could be quantitatively mediated by the addition of various amounts of target molecules. Both of these ASPs presented excellent selectivity and prompt response toward their targets. With intrinsic advantages resulting from its intramolecular signal transduction architecture, the ASP design holds promising potential for future applications, such as biochip and in situ imaging, which require reusability, excellent stability, prompt response, and high sensitivity.
Steam in distribution and use: steam quality redefined (1989)

Steam quality is an important measurement in steam generation. It's a measurement of steam to moisture ratio. In use, steam quality takes on a different meaning- steam which maximizes energy transfer. To do this, the steam must be clean, dry, of desired pressure and free of air and non-condensible gases. Objectives in these areas should be set and an action plan implemented.\nTypical objectives could be to specify steam pressure delivery of maximum pressure and to use steam at the lowest pressure possible. Steam velocity ranges and maximum system pressure drops should be set. Cleaning steam and protecting control devices is an important means of maintaining quality. Draining condensate and venting air and other gases preserves the steam quality at the point of use. Poor pressure control yields poor operation and efficiency. Dirty steam causes valve leaks and maintenance problems. Improper drainage and venting can cause premature corrosion and poor heat transfer.
Amplitude and phase recording of ultrashort pulses (1991)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Chi Yan and Jean-Claude Diels, "Amplitude and phase recording of ultrashort pulses," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 8, 1259-1263 (1991) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Not All Contexts Are Created Equal: Better Word Representations with Variable Attention (2015)

Wang Ling, Yulia Tsvetkov, Silvio Amir, Ramón Fermandez, Chris Dyer, Alan W Black, Isabel Trancoso, Chu-Cheng Lin. Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. 2015.
<title>Photolithographic mask aligner based on modified moire technique</title> (1995)

This paper presents an automatic, accurate mask aligner based on modified moire technique. In this technique the alignment marks are in the form of gratings. The high slope region of moire signal is used to obtain higher sensitivity and better position control accuracy. Automatic alignment is achieved by using difference of moire signal and its inverted signal obtained by computer. Accuracy for alignment, under the present experimental conditions, is of the order of +/- 0.06 micrometers . Our alignment technique by virtue of its higher alignment accuracy is suitable to X-ray lithography. However, due to nonavailability of a X- ray source the lithography was performed by UV source. Nevertheless, the effort is worth it so as to prove the workability of this technique. The overlay accuracy is estimated to be 0.8 micrometers which is limited by the diffraction effects of the exposure optics.
Characterization of some volatile constituents of dry red beans (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of some volatile constituents of dry red beansRon G. Buttery, Richard M. Seifert, and Louisa C. LingCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 3, 516–519Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60199a053https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60199a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Active Learning with Feedback on Features and Instances (2006)

We extend the traditional active learning framework to include feedback on features in addition to labeling instances, and we execute a careful study of the effects of feature selection and human feedback on features in the setting of text categorization. Our experiments on a variety of categorization tasks indicate that there is significant potential in improving classifier performance by feature re-weighting, beyond that achieved via membership queries alone (traditional active learning) if we have access to an oracle that can point to the important (most predictive) features. Our experiments on human subjects indicate that human feedback on feature relevance can identify a sufficient proportion of the most relevant features (over 50% in our experiments). We find that on average, labeling a feature takes much less time than labeling a document. We devise an algorithm that interleaves labeling features and documents which significantly accelerates standard active learning in our simulation experiments. Feature feedback can complement traditional active learning in applications such as news filtering, e-mail classification, and personalization, where the human teacher can have significant knowledge on the relevance of features.
Solitaire FR thrombectomy system: immediate results in 56 consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients (2011)

Solitaire FR is successful in achieving a high rate of arterial recanalization with a low complication rate. The Solitaire FR is a promising thrombectomy tool with a high degree of effectiveness, safety and ease of use.
Direct conversion of Spirulina to ethanol without pretreatment or enzymatic hydrolysis processes (2013)

Oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and microalgae have attracted attention as feedstocks for next-generation biofuels. To date, however, there have been no reports on efficient bioethanol production from cyanobacterial glycogen by yeast fermentation. Additionally, multiple pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis steps of polysaccharides are required for conventional ethanol production from agricultural crops and microalgae. Here, we investigate direct ethanol production from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis, a fast-growing halophilic cyanobacterium that accumulates large amounts of glycogen, using lysozyme and a recombinant amylase-expressing yeast strain to eliminate the need for biomass pretreatment and amylase hydrolysis. In the direct conversion process from A. platensis to ethanol, 6.5 g L−1 (ethanol productivity of 1.08 g per L per day) of ethanol was produced. The total ethanol yield based on glycogen consumption was 86% of theoretical yield, which to our knowledge, is the highest yield of bioethanol from an oxygenic photosynthetic microorganism. The present findings indicate that A. platensis is a remarkable carbohydrate feedstock in the form of glycogen, which is a promising material for the production of bioethanol and various other commercially valuable chemicals.
Penthorum: Its chromosomes (1951)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Adsorption of Organic Ions by Anion Exchange Resins (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption of Organic Ions by Anion Exchange ResinsR. L. Gustafson and J. A. LirioCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1968, 7, 2, 116–120Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360026a006https://doi.org/10.1021/i360026a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views250Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Polaronic metal state at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface (2016)

Interplay of spin, charge, orbital and lattice degrees of freedom in oxide heterostructures results in a plethora of fascinating properties, which can be exploited in new generations of electronic devices with enhanced functionalities. The paradigm example is the interface between the two band insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 that hosts a two-dimensional electron system. Apart from the mobile charge carriers, this system exhibits a range of intriguing properties such as field effect, superconductivity and ferromagnetism, whose fundamental origins are still debated. Here we use soft-X-ray angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy to penetrate through the LaAlO3 overlayer and access charge carriers at the buried interface. The experimental spectral function directly identifies the interface charge carriers as large polarons, emerging from coupling of charge and lattice degrees of freedom, and involving two phonons of different energy and thermal activity. This phenomenon fundamentally limits the carrier mobility and explains its puzzling drop at high temperatures.
A constant-resistance bridged-T equalizer using transmission-line elements (1973)

The use of transmission lines as circuit elements for designing frequency-shaping networks is described. Methods of realizing these circuits in a constant-resistance bridged-T form using coaxial or microstrip transmission lines are also described. The microstrip technique is particularly suitable for thin-film technology.
Electrode Erosion in Pulsed Arc for Generating Air Meso-Plasma Jet under Atmospheric Pressure (2007)

Various materials of the rod electrode were examined in pulsed arc of PEN-Jet (Plasma ENergized-Jet) with working gas of air, which can be used for the surface treatment under atmospheric pressure. The erosion of the rod electrode was measured and it surface was observed. The amount of erosion and surface appearance were found to be different for the materials, input power and energizing time. Tungsten (W) rod electrode was oxidized immediately after starting the discharge and tungsten oxide (WO3) powder was generated over the side surface of electrode tip. This powder contaminated the treating surface. Copper (Cu) rod electrode was also oxidized immediately and CuO/Cu2O multi-layer was formed on the electrode surface. However, the erosion of Cu electrode was quite small. Platinum (Pt) and iridium (20 wt%)-contained-platinum (Pt-Ir) rod electrode were not oxidized and their erosions were significantly small. This indicated that they could be employed for keeping the constant electrode-gap and processing the surface treatment without contamination due to electrode erosion.
<title>Future technology and business opportunities in photonics: a view from the Optoelectronics Industry Development Association (OIDA)</title> (1999)

The 'optoelectronics industry' is a collection of six or more distinct industries that all depend on OE technology. The major markets are in communication, imaging, storage and displays. This paper gives a brief overview of the anticipated paradigm shifts, the potential markets and the promising new technologies in various OE markets.
Grating-Assisted Codirectional Coupler Filter Using an Electro-Optic Polymer (2000)

We have proposed and demonstrated a wavelength selective filter based on grating- assisted forward coupling between an electro-optic (EO) polymer waveguide and a passive polymer waveguide. It can also be used as a fast tunable filter if the EO polymer is poled to have the EO effect.
Identification of a Mr 40,000 polypeptide from colorectal cancer which expresses organ-specific cancer neoantigen activity as determined by leukocyte adherence inhibition. (1986)

Human cancers express organ-specific neoantigens (OSNs) that elicit immune responses in the tumor host. Leukocyte adherence inhibition, an in vitro assay that detects the antitumor immunity, was used to monitor the purification of the OSN from serum-free spent medium of tissue-cultured colon cancer cell lines (HCT-15 and SW-620). A monoclonal antibody (anti-p40) directed to a cross-reactive framework determinant of Mr 40,000 (p40) cell surface polypeptide, which was a principal component of the enriched isolate with OSN activity, was used to monitor the purification of p40 by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. About 50 liters of spent medium were generated from 20 m2 of cells, collected, concentrated, and then separated by anion exchange, molecular-sieve, and blue-Sepharose affinity chromatography. OSN and p40 activity coisolated. p40 was then purified by monoclonal antibody anti-p40 affinity chromatography. The affinity-purified fraction was enriched for both p40 and leukocyte adherence inhibition activity that was specific for leukocytes from colon cancer patients in blind leukocyte adherence inhibition assays. When affinity-purified p40 from colon and lung cancers was tested blind in a criss-cross fashion with leukocytes from colon and lung cancer patients, the positive responses were to the appropriate p40. The homologous colon cancer p40 molecule showed size and considerable charge microheterogeneity (pI 6.3 to 7.6). Affinity-purified p40 and OSN coisolated on hydrophobic interaction and hydroxylapatite high-pressure liquid chromatography. Note that not all colon cancer OSN activity was bound by the anti-p40 affinity column. However, unbound OSN activity also eluted from hydrophobic interaction high-pressure liquid chromatography at the same time as affinity-purified p40, and residual p40 activity was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. The results indicate that a p40 glycoprotein from the cell membrane of colon cancer cells coisolates with fractions having OSN activity. Impurities do not seem to account for the OSN activity. The OSN epitope on the Mr 40,000 molecule is recognized by leukocytes from colon cancer patients and is distinct from the cross-reactive framework determinant recognized by mouse monoclonal antibody anti-p40.
Biology and therapeutic response of a mouse mammary adenocarcinoma (16/C) and its potential as a model for surgical adjuvant chemotherapy. (1978)

During high-temperature growing of titanomagnetite single crystals (Fe2.8-¿Ti0.2O4, ¿ &lt;0.005) in oxygen enriched atmospheres, specific Ti4+- and vacancy-based defect configurations are induced, giving rise to magnetic after-effect (MAE) spectra with peaks near 450, 200 and 65 K. The atomistic mechanisms of these relaxations are checked by exposing the crystals to low-temperature (80 K) electron (e-) irradiation and subsequent analysis of the interactions between radiation-induced and lattice-inherent defects on annealing over the range 80 K
Two Related Low Molecular Mass Polypeptide Isoforms of Amelogenin Have Distinct Activities in Mouse Tooth Germ Differentiation In Vitro (2005)

These data show different signaling activities of these closely related amelogenin isoforms on tooth development. Here we make the novel observation that [A-4] has an inhibitory effect on ameloblast development, whereas [A+4] strongly stimulates odontoblast development. We show for the first time that specific amelogenin isoforms have effects on embryonic tooth development in vitro and also hypothesize that DMP2 may play a role in the terminal differentiation of both ameloblasts and odontoblasts.