gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional and Structural Similarity of Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells in Humans and <i>Aotus</i> Monkeys, a Primate Infection Model for <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Malaria (2001)

Gammadelta T cells are implicated to play crucial roles during early immune responses to pathogens. A subset of human gammadelta T cells carrying the Vgamma9Vdelta2 TCR recognize small, phosphorylated nonpeptidic Ags. However, the precise role of these cells and the ligands recognized in human immune responses against pathogens remains unclear because of the lack of suitable animal models. We have analyzed the reactivity of spleen cells of the New World monkey Aotus nancymaae against isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), a phosphorylated microbial metabolite selectively activating Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells. Spleen cells were stimulated by IPP and the expanding cell population expressed the Vgamma9 TCR. TRGV-J and TRDV-D-J rearrangements expressed by IPP-stimulated cells of Aotus were analyzed by RT-PCR and DNA sequencing. The TRGV-J and TRDV-D-J rearrangements expressed by IPP-stimulated Aotus and human gammadelta T cells were similar with respect to 1) TCR gene segment usage, 2) a high degree of germline sequence homology of the TCR gene segments used, and 3) the diversity of the CDR3 regions. Phylogenetic analysis of human, Pan troglodytes, and A. nancymaae TRGV gene segments showed that the interspecies differences are smaller than the intraspecies differences with TRGV9 gene segments located on a distinct clade of the phylogenetic tree. The structural and functional conservation of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells in A. nancymaae and humans implicates a functionally important and evolutionary conserved mechanism of recognition of phosphorylated microbial metabolites.
Alpha-Synuclein Levels in Blood Plasma Decline with Healthy Aging (2015)

There is unequivocal evidence that alpha-synuclein plays a pivotal pathophysiological role in neurodegenerative diseases, and in particular in synucleinopathies. These disorders present with a variable extent of cognitive impairment and alpha-synuclein is being explored as a biomarker in CSF, blood serum and plasma. Considering key events of aging that include proteostasis, alpha-synuclein may not only be useful as a marker for differential diagnosis but also for aging per se. To explore this hypothesis, we developed a highly specific ELISA to measure alpha-synuclein. In healthy males plasma alpha-synuclein levels correlated strongly with age, revealing much lower concentrations in older (avg. 58.1 years) compared to younger (avg. 27.6 years) individuals. This difference between the age groups was enhanced after acidification of the plasmas (p<0.0001), possibly reflecting a decrease of alpha-synuclein-antibody complexes or chaperone activity in older individuals. Our results support the concept that alpha-synuclein homeostasis may be impaired early on, possibly due to disturbance of the proteostasis network, a key component of healthy aging. Thus, alpha-synuclein may be a novel biomarker of aging, a factor that should be considered when analyzing its presence in biological specimens.
Glial cells in the nerve fiber layer of the main olfactory bulb of embryonic and adult mammals (1993)

This article provides a detailed description of the glial cell types in the nerve fiber layer of the main olfactory bulb during embryonic development, in adult mammals, and at the nerve entry zone of the first cranial nerve. In adult mammals, the glial cell types of the olfactory nerve fiber layer include intrafascicular ensheathing cells, which have the exclusive role of ensheathing the olfactory axons in both the PNS and CNS, and interfascicular astrocytes, which occupy the spaces between adjacent olfactory fascicles. The ensheathing cells are particularly interesting because they possess a mixture of Schwann cell and astrocytic phenotypic features, are more likely to be of placodal than of CNS origin, and have the exclusive role of forming the glia limitans at the PNS-CNS transitional zone. It is proposed that one important function of ensheathing cells is to modulate the growth of olfactory axons within the CNS; this modulation is probably mediated by selective cell adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix molecules, and chemotropic agents.
High stability CW waveguide CO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;laser for high resolution saturation spectroscopy (1978)

We describe a stable waveguide CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser for spectroscopic applications. The short term spectral width is less than 10 kHz and a 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> flicker floor is reached for the Allan variance. A study of the oscillation frequency versus resonator length demonstrates the major influence of the anomalous index of refraction of the medium. Saturation resonances with a 20 kHz peak-to-peak width have been obtained with a very good signal-to-noise ratio. A complete spectrum of SF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</tex> (16) at 947.74 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> is given as an example to illustrate the 500 MHz bandwidth of the laser.
Synthesis of Single‐Crystal Barium Titanium Isopropoxide Complex to Form Barium Titanate (1994)

Single‐crystal barium titanate double alkoxide complex with a composition presumed to be BaTi(OCH(CH 3 ) 2 ) 6 ·xC 6 H 6 was successfully synthesized in this work. The crystal was converted to BaTiO 3 at 100°C. The preparation of the Oxides via single crystals of metal alkoxides has some advantages over the well‐known sol‐gel method in that it results in oxides with well‐defined and homogeneous compositions at the atomic level and in fine particle sizes, smaller than 50 nm.
Prospective Association Between Inflammatory Markers and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Adults With and Without Type 1 Diabetes (2013)

Measures of inflammation were associated with progression of CAC in a population of adults with and without type 1 diabetes.
An Adaptive Power Control Scheme for Multicast Service in Green Cellular Railway Communication Network (2016)

Along with emerging increasing multimedia service need from the big amount of users in the train, wireless cellular railway network has big energy saving potential with its own specific characteristics, which is widely deployed over the world. Enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (E-MBMS) is a prevalent solution for high speed data handling. In this paper, to achieve an energy efficient solution for wireless cellular railway network, we proposed an optimal power control solution to adjust eNodeB’s transmission power adaptively based on actual Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) for Multimedia Broadcast multicast service Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) at User Equipment (UE) side when provide E-MBMS. We established the system model and proposed the optimization algorithms to calculate the E-MBMS transmit power. We also designed the geometry group scheme to significantly reduce the calculation effort. And proposed the Mobility offset parameter to cope with high speed mobility of the train and variation of signal level. Finally, Simulation results showed that this solution can be a good way for high network energy efficiency and can dynamically adjust the output power for the multicast service in the wireless cellular railway communication network.
基于一项大型随机试验的患者队列，预测稳定型心绞痛患者死亡、心肌梗死和脑卒中的风险评分 (2006)

目的：在有症状性稳定型心绞痛需要治疗且左心室功能保留的患者中，得出一种针对全凶死亡、心肌梗死和致残性脑卒中联合事件的风险评分。设计：对来自一项大型多中心试验的数据进行多因素Cox回归分析。地点：西欧、以色列、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰的心脏病门诊患者诊所。参与者：7311例具有全部所需资料的患者。主要观察指标：平均4．9年随访期内全因死亡、心肌梗死或致残性脑卒中。结果：共1063例患者发生全因死亡、持续心肌梗死或致残性脑卒中。联合事件的5年风险：风险处于最低10分位水平的患者为4％，处于最高10分位水平者为35％。风险评分结合了16项常规临床变量（以降低影响）：年龄、左室射血分数、吸烟、自细胞计数、糖尿病、随机血糖浓度、肌酐浓度、脑卒中病史、一周至少一次心绞痛发作、冠状动脉造影结果（如果有）.
Temporal and Geographic Patterns of Hypoglycemia among Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (2009)

There are temporal and geographic patterns in the occurrence of hypoglycemia among patients with diabetes or hyperglycemia in our hospital. Further study should focus on the reasons underlying these variations so that specific interventions can address the risk of hypoglycemia during peak times and places.
Aspergillosis (2009)

This review discusses important advances in fungal diagnostics and in the antifungal armamentarium as applied to aspergillus species. Recent insights concerning host defenses against aspergillus species and the immunopathogenesis of aspergillus-related diseases are presented.
Study on Temperature Properties of 4H-SiC Doubled-Floating Junction Schottky Barrier Diodes (2011)

Temperature properties of 4H-SiC doubled-floating junction Schottky barrier diodes were studied to enhance the adaptability of devices at high temperatures.It has been shown that some electrical characteristics,such as blocking voltage,on-state resistance,reverse leakage current density and switching time,varied with changing temperature.As a new SiC device based on floating layers buried in drift region,its current load capability,blocking features and switching rate could be improved by optimizing electric parameters using numerical simulation method.
Subcellular localization of two porphyrin-synthesis enzymes in <i>Pisum sativum</i> (pea) and <i>Arum</i> (cuckoo-pint) species (1988)

The subcellular location of the two porphyrin-synthesis enzymes 5-aminolaevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) and porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) was investigated in Pisum sativum (pea) leaves and spadices of Arum (cuckoo-pint). Throughout the tissue-fractionation procedures the distribution of the two enzymes paralleled that of the plastid marker enzyme (ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase), even in Arum, a tissue where the synthesis of non-plastid haem is predominant. The distribution of cytosolic marker enzyme (lactate dehydrogenase) was significantly different from that of ALAD and PBGD and, although purified mitochondria from both species had some residual activity, this was always less than contaminating plastid marker enzyme. The results suggest that ALAD and PBGD are exclusively plastid enzymes. The significance of this for the role of plastids in cellular porphyrin synthesis is discussed.
Low Complexity Underwater Image Enhancement Based on Dark Channel Prior (2011)

Blurred underwater image is always an annoying problem in the oceanic engineering. In this paper, we propose an efficient and low complexity underwater image enhancement method based on dark channel prior. Our method employs the median filter instead of the soft matting procedure to estimate the depth map of image. Moreover, a color correction method is adopted to enhance the color contrast for underwater image. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can effectively enhance the underwater image and reduce the execution time. Besides, this method requires less computing resource and is well suitable for implementing on the surveillance and underwater navigation in real time.
Canine and bovine ras family expression detected and discriminated by use of polymerase chain reaction. (1990)

Cellular proto-oncogenes are highly conserved genes thought to be critical in cell growth and differentiation. In this study, we used human sequence designed oligonucleotide primers to detect and discriminate c-Ha-ras-1, c-Ki-ras-2 and c-N-ras genes of dogs and cows by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of genomic DNA (DNA/PCR). Further, we have applied PCR for analysis of expressed mRNA transcribed from the RAS genes (RNA/PCR).
Microcracks, spall and fracture in glass: A study using short pulsed laser shock waves (1998)

This work reports our meso mechanical study of microcrack behavior, especially the process leading from microcracking to macro failure. Using laser loading with a duration on the order of nanoseconds, spallation in a cylindrical geometry was achieved in soda-lime glass at the microcrack evolution stage. Laser induced shock waves were used to conduct crack initiation experiments for the first time. The specimens were examined after experiments and were compared with those loaded by conventional static and dynamic methods. A meso scale failure model of nucleation, growth, and percolation (NGP) is suggested based on the experiments. The NGP model is characterized by a randomly generated microcrack field and by simultaneous percolation statistics in time iteration. In most existing damage models, the statistical average of microcracks over a finite space is required in order to evaluate the damage variables. This procedure is not necessary in the NGP model. We show that the connection of microcracks can be very complicated, possibly a self-organized process.
A Comparative Study on Replica Placement Algorithms for Content Delivery Networks (2010)

In today's web based IT environment response time and availability are of major concerns, a few seconds delay in response time or non-availability of a resource can significantly impact customer satisfaction. Replication provides better performance and higher availability by maintaining multiple copies of data called replicas at various strategic locations. An important issue that must be addressed before replication is performed is where to place replicas. Several replica placement algorithms have been proposed and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper we study the various replica placement algorithms with respect to content delivery networks. Our main contribution in this paper is to compare popular replica placement algorithms and provide general scenarios for content delivery networks with proposed suitable algorithm for each of the scenarios. The scenarios can be a reference point for system designer for choosing a right replica placement algorithm for content delivery networks.
Hot moulding - an interesting forming process (1995)

Hot moulding depends on adding thermoplastic binders to the ceramic or metallic powder in order to make it fluent. At temperatures above the melting point of the binder the fluent compound is injected under pressure into a metal mould where it stiffens. After removal of the binder the part is sintered. Unlike injection moulding and thermoplastic extrusion, hot moulding uses only paraffins and low-viscous waxes and binders. The compound is shaped directly in the flowing state by using relative low pressure. The consequent advantages are low energy costs, appreciably less wear at tools and machine parts and considerably less expensive tools. The hot moulding process is accordingly suitable for short to medium production scales. As the thermoplastic binder suffers no damage at the low temperatures and pressures used, recycling the sprue and the remainders of compounds exhibits no problem. Hot moulding gives very high dimensional stability (near net shape), which means either very low fini shing costs or none at all. The low viscosity of the hot moulding slip enables wall thickness of a few tenths of a millimeter , which is not possible with other moulding processes.
Toward a distributed free-floating wireless implantable neural recording system (2016)

To understand the complex correlations between neural networks across different regions in the brain and their functions at high spatiotemporal resolution, a tool is needed for obtaining long-term single unit activity (SUA) across the entire brain area. The concept and preliminary design of a distributed free-floating wireless implantable neural recording (FF-WINeR) system are presented, which can enabling SUA acquisition by dispersedly implanting tens to hundreds of untethered 1 mm3 neural recording probes, floating with the brain and operating wirelessly across the cortical surface. For powering FF-WINeR probes, a 3-coil link with an intermediate high-Q resonator provides a minimum S21 of -22.22 dB (in the body medium) and -21.23 dB (in air) at 2.8 cm coil separation, which translates to 0.76%/759 μW and 0.6%/604 μW of power transfer efficiency (PTE) / power delivered to a 9 kΩ load (PDL), in body and air, respectively. A mock-up FF-WINeR is implemented to explore microassembly method of the 1×1 mm2 micromachined silicon die with a bonding wire-wound coil and a tungsten micro-wire electrode. Circuit design methods to fit the active circuitry in only 0.96 mm2 of die area in a 130 nm standard CMOS process, and satisfy the strict power and performance requirements (in simulations) are discussed.
Even-Order Aberration Cancellation in Quantum Interferometry (2008)

We report the first experimental demonstration of even-order aberration cancellation in quantum interferometry. The effect is a spatial counterpart of the spectral group velocity dispersion cancellation, which is associated with spectral entanglement. It is manifested in temporal interferometry by virtue of the multiparameter spatial-spectral entanglement. Spatially entangled photons, generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion, were subjected to spatial aberrations introduced by a deformable mirror that modulates the wave front. We show that only odd-order spatial aberrations affect the quality of quantum interference.
Cysteamine-induced depletion of somatostatin and prolactin. (1985)

Cysteamine (2-aminoethanethiol [CSH], given in vivo or in vitro, rapidly but reversibly depletes immunoreactive somatostatin (irSS) in the central nervous system and gut as well as biological and immunological prolactin (PRL) activity in both the anterior pituitary and blood of the rat. This depletion of irSS and PRL is dose dependent and cannot be accounted for by release of either compound. Basal and potassium-stimulated SS release is reduced from hypothalamic tissue in vitro in CSH-treated animals. PRL secretion induced both pharmacologically and physiologically is abolished after CSH administration. Furthermore, CSH reduces cellular PRL content in a number of hyperprolactinemic states. The mechanism by which CSH reduces PRL levels is not clear, but it does not appear to act through the dopamine receptor nor does it alter the morphological structure of the lactotrope in normal animals. Most likely, CSH acts by interacting with the disulfide bonds of PRL, thus rendering the molecule both immunologically and biologically inactive.
Patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and cough have impaired laryngopharyngeal mechanosensitivity (2005)

Patients with cough and GORD have significantly reduced LPS to air stimuli compared with healthy subjects which could potentially result in an increased risk of aspiration. Exposure to small amounts of acid significantly impaired the sensory integrity of the laryngopharynx.
TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF DAN EKSPRESIF DALAM MARIO TEGUH SUPER SHOW DI MNCTV (2016)

Abstract : This study discusses the directive and Expressive Speech Acts in Mario Super Show in MNCTV . This study also discusses the description and the directive speech acts expressive speech acts found in the event Mario Super Show in MNCTV . This study used a qualitative approach and descriptive method that aims to describe the directive and expressive speech acts contained in the event Mario Super Show in MNCTV . The results of the research in the form of a description of the directive speech acts and expressive speech acts found in the event Mario Super Show in MNCTV . Keywords : Speech acts directive , expressive speech acts , Mario Teguh Super Show
Role of the Proximal Enhancer of the Major Immediate-Early Promoter in Human Cytomegalovirus Replication (2004)

The human cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer has a distal component (positions -550 to -300) and a proximal component (-300 to -39) relative to the transcription start site (+1) of the major immediate-early (MIE) promoter. Without the distal enhancer, human CMV replicates slower and has a small-plaque phenotype. We determined the sequence requirements of the proximal enhancer by making 5'-end deletions to positions -223, -173, -116, -67, and -39. Even though recombinant virus with the proximal enhancer deleted to -39 has the minimal TATA box-containing MIE promoter element, it cannot replicate independently in human fibroblast cells. Recombinant virus with a deletion to -67 has an Sp-1 transcription factor binding site which may represent a minimal enhancer element for recombinant virus replication in human fibroblast cells. Although recombinant virus with a deletion to -223 replicates to titers at least 100-fold less than that of the wild-type virus, it replicates to titers 8-fold higher than that of recombinant virus with a deletion to -173 and 20-fold higher than that of virus with a deletion to -67. Recombinant virus with a deletion to -173 replicates more efficiently than that with a deletion to -116. There was a direct correlation between the level of infectious virus replication and time after infection, amount of MIE gene transcription, MIE and early viral protein synthesis, and viral DNA synthesis. The extent of the proximal enhancer determines the efficiency of viral replication.
Lentiviral vectors for gene delivery to normal and demyelinated white matter (2003)

Lentiviral vectors are increasingly used for gene delivery to neurons and in experimental models of neurodegeneration. Their use in gene delivery to white matter and their potential value in preventing or repairing CNS demyelination has received less attention. Here we show using a VSV-G-pseudotyped HIV-derived vector expressing the marker gene LacZ that lentiviral vectors transduce the major macroglial cell types present in normal white matter (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and oligodendrocyte progenitors). Injection of lentiviral vectors causes an inflammatory response at the injection site characterized by OX42(+) and ED1(+) macrophages, but only a few CD8(+) and no CD4(+) lymphocytes, and mild demyelination. Injection of lentiviral vectors into areas of toxin-induced demyelination resulted in significant numbers of cells expressing the marker gene and was a more effective means of gene delivery than was a LacZ-expressing murine retroviral vector.
Raised plasma concentrations of platelet factor 4 (PF4) in Crohn's disease. (1987)

Plasma platelet factor 4 (PF4), secreted by the platelets, is an index of platelet aggregation and thromboembolic risk. The authors assessed PF4 in 20 patients with Crohn's disease (ileitis in 13 patients, ileocolitis in seven) and in 20 healthy volunteers. Disease activity was low (Crohn's Disease Activity Index less than 150) in 11 patients and high in nine. Radioimmunoassay of PF4 using Abbott's Kit was performed on one sample of plasma from each subject (nv less than or equal to 0.324 nmol/ml), (nv less than or equal to 10 ng/ml). A significantly higher concentration of PF4 was found in Crohn's disease patients: 4.625 +/- 1.1 nmol/ml (142.5 +/- 36 ng/ml) than in the control group: 0.189 +/- 0.07 nmol/ml (5.6 +/- 4.8 ng/ml) (Z = 5.396, p less than 0.0001). No correlation was present between PF4 levels and activity, the site of disease, or medical treatment with or without prednisone.
Experimental Results from a Terrain Adaptive Navigation System for Planetary Rovers (2008)

Results from the experimental testing of a navigation system for planetary rovers called Terrain Adaptive Navigation (TANav) are shown here. This system was designed to enable greater access to and more robust operations in terrains with widely varying slippage. The system achieves this goal by using onboard stereo cameras to remotely classify terrain, predict the slippage of that terrain, and use this information in the planning of a path to the goal. An end-to-end onboard demonstration of the system in a Mars analog environment is shown with promising results. 1.