gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reaction of 2-butenoic acid dianion and its N-(4-methoxyphenyl)amide with methoxy-substituted arynes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of 2-butenoic acid dianion and its N-(4-methoxyphenyl)amide with methoxy-substituted arynesAbdul Rakeeb Deshmukh, Tran Long, and Edward R. BiehlCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 2, 667–670Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00028a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00028a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views435Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Disintegration of Gallstones and Urinary Calculi in Man (1962)

Generally speaking, intrahepatic and postoperative residual gallstones are regarded as not being amenable to surgical therapy. Pribram, 1 Walters and Wesson, 2 and Best and co-workers 3 employed various organic solvents, such as ethyl ether or chloroform, agents which are, however, aimed at dissolution of cholesterol stones. Bilirubin stones, and bilirubin-calcium stones in particular, are scarcely soluble in such organic preparations, and hence arises the question of the toxicity and pharmacologic side-effects of such measures. Although the incidence of cholesterol calculosis is increasing in Japan of late, bilirubin-calcium calculosis is characteristic of this type of involvement in Japan, and its incidence exceeds that of the former 4 in this locality. Intrahepatic stones, residual gallstones, and most stones of the common bile duct are classified as bilirubin-calcium stones in Japan, and adequate therapy for them is urgently needed. 5-7 Chemical Studies One of us (T. H.) 8 introduced rheologic methods for
A low-voltage actuated micromachined microwave switch using torsion springs and leverage (2000)

In this paper, a push-pull type microwave switch is proposed, which utilizes torsion springs and leverage for low-voltage operation. The switching operation up to 4 GHz is demonstrated. The actuation voltage is /spl sim/5 V. The insertion loss of /spl sim/1 dB and the isolation as high as /spl sim/40 dB at 1 GHz are achieved by the push-pull operation.
Inducible hydrogen sulfide synthesis in chondrocytes and mesenchymal progenitor cells: is H<sub>2</sub>S a novel cytoprotective mediator in the inflamed joint? (2011)

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has recently been proposed as an endogenous mediator of inflammation and is present in human synovial fluid. This study determined whether primary human articular chondrocytes (HACs) and mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) could synthesize H(2)S in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines relevant to human arthropathies, and to determine the cellular responses to endogenous and pharmacological H(2)S. HACs and MPCs were exposed to IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The expression and enzymatic activity of the H(2)S synthesizing enzymes cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) were determined by Western blot and zinc-trap spectrophotometry, respectively. Cellular oxidative stress was induced by H(2)O(2), the peroxynitrite donor SIN-1 and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Cell death was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Mitochondrial membrane potential (DCm) was determined in situ by flow cytometry. Endogenous H(2) S synthesis was inhibited by siRNA-mediated knockdown of CSE and CBS and pharmacological inhibitors D,L-propargylglycine and aminoxyacetate, respectively. Exogenous H(2)S was generated using GYY4137. Under basal conditions HACs and MPCs expressed CBS and CSE and synthesized H(2)S in a CBS-dependent manner, whereas CSE expression and activity was induced by treatment of cells with IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 or LPS. Oxidative stress-induced cell death was significantly inhibited by GYY4137 treatment but increased by pharmacological inhibition of H(2)S synthesis or by CBS/CSE-siRNA treatment. These data suggest CSE is an inducible source of H(2)S in cultured HACs and MPCs. H(2)S may represent a novel endogenous mechanism of cytoprotection in the inflamed joint, suggesting a potential opportunity for therapeutic intervention.
Non-peptidyl small molecule, adenosine, 5′-Se-methyl-5′-seleno-, 2′,3′-diacetate, activates insulin receptor and attenuates hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic Leprdb/db mice (2019)

The pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is characterized by reduced or absent insulin receptor (INSR) responsiveness to its ligand, elevated hepatic glucose output and impaired glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, particularly skeletal muscle. Treatments to reduce hyperglycemia and reestablish normal insulin signaling are much sought after. Any agent which could be orally administered to restore INSR function, in an insulin-independent manner, would have major implications for the management of this global disease. We have discovered a non-peptidyl small molecule, adenosine, 5'-Se-methyl-5'-seleno-, 2',3'-diacetate [referred to as non-peptidyl compound #43 (NPC43)], which restores INSR signaling in the complete absence of insulin. Initial screening of numerous compounds in human HepG2 liver cells revealed that NPC43 significantly inhibited glucose production. The compound was potently anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperinsulinemic in vivo, in insulin-resistant T2D Lepr<sup>db/db</sup> mice, following either acute or chronic treatment by oral gavage and intraperitoneal injection, respectively. The compound acted at the level of INSR and activated it in both liver and skeletal muscle of Lepr<sup>db/db</sup> mice. In cell culture, the compound activated INSR in both liver and skeletal muscle cells; furthermore, it cooperated with insulin to depress glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6pc) expression and stimulate glucose uptake, respectively. Our results indicated that the compound directly interacted with INSRα, triggering appropriate phosphorylation and activation of the receptor and its downstream targets. Unlike insulin, NPC43 did not activate insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in either liver or skeletal muscle. We believe this compound represents a potential oral and/or injectable insulin replacement therapy for diabetes and diseases associated with insulin resistance.
Simplified interference-based threshold rule for delay selection in DS-CDMA systems (2002)

Reliable path selection prior to maximum-ratio combining is a crucial operation in any DS-CDMA receiver. We propose a simplified dynamic threshold rule for path delay selection. The new threshold rule is based on the statistical parameters of the interference, which can easily be estimated from the computed power delay profile. By using the new threshold rule, the performance of the RAKE receiver can be improved and/or its complexity can be reduced, considerably.
Verbal repetitions and echolalia in Alzheimer's discourse (2010)

This article reports on an investigation of echolalic repetition in Alzheimer's disease (AD). A qualitative analysis of data from spontaneous conversations with MHI, a woman with AD, is presented. The data come from the DALI Corpus, a corpus of spontaneous conversations involving subjects with AD. This study argues that echolalic effects can be explained through an analysis of their formal linguistic aspects, such as intonational-prosodic and enunciative-syntactic features. The analysis shows that the description of echolalic repetitions in these terms can help find parameters for the description of the linguistic and communicative characteristics of AD. This analysis even shows how a previous speech turn serves as a base for the elaboration of the next turn by the participant with AD. It also contributes to the understanding of echolalic productions in AD.
Raloxifene for women with Alzheimer disease (2015)

This study provides Class I evidence that for women with AD, raloxifene does not have a significant cognitive effect. The study lacked the precision to exclude a small effect.
Reliability of the PEDro Scale for Rating Quality of Randomized Controlled Trials (2003)

The reliability of ratings of PEDro scale items varied from "fair" to "substantial," and the reliability of the total PEDro score was "fair" to "good."
The Trophinin Gene Encodes a Novel Group of MAGE Proteins, Magphinins, and Regulates Cell Proliferation during Gametogenesis in the Mouse (2001)

Trophinin is a membrane protein that mediates apical cell adhesion between trophoblastic cells and luminal epithelial cells of the endometrium and is implicated in the initial attachment during the process of human embryo implantation. The present study identified novel trophinin gene transcripts, which encode proteins structurally distinct from trophinin protein in the mouse. We designated these proteins "magphinins," because they share consensus amino acid sequences with MAGE (melanoma-associated antigen) superfamily proteins. Among many MAGE proteins, magphinins are closely related to NRAGE, which mediates p75 neurotrophin receptor-dependent apoptosis, and necdin, which is a strong suppressor of cell proliferation in post-mitotic neurons. There are three major forms of magphinins, i.e. magphinin-alpha, -beta, and -gamma, in the mouse, which are formed due to alternative usage of different exons. Northern blot analysis revealed that magphinins are expressed in brain, ovary, testis, and epididymis. In addition, Western blot analysis and in vitro translation experiments showed that magphinins expressed in the mouse ovary and testis are translation products utilizing the second initiation AUG codon and contain an active nuclear localization signal. Ectopic expression of magphinins in mammalian cells resulted in nuclear localization of magphinin and suppressed cell proliferation. Immunohistochemistry of the mouse ovary and testis showed that magphinin proteins are distributed in the cytoplasm of the male and female germ cells, whereas these proteins are translocated to the nucleus at a specific stage of gametogenesis. These results strongly suggest that magphinins regulate cell proliferation during gametogenesis in the mouse.
Glycosyl Phosphites as Glycosyl Donors – A Comparative Study (1994)

Abstract Tri‐ O ‐benzyl‐ L ‐fucose ( 3 ) was transformed into the bis(trichloroethyl) phosphite derivative 4 which was allowed to react with 3‐ O ‐unprotected azidoglucose 7 as fucosyl acceptor in the presence of TMSOTf as catalyst to furnish disaccharide building block 1 , useful in Lewis antigen X (Le X ) synthesis, in 75% yield. Similarly, 2,3,4,6‐tetra‐ O ‐acetyl‐ D ‐galactose ( 8 ) was transformed into the bis(trichloroethyl) phosphite derivative 9 which afforded by treatment with acceptor 7 disaccharide 10 in 64% yield. The reaction of the derived acceptor 11 with donor 4 furnished trisaccharide building block 12 , useful in Lewis antigen A (Le a ) synthesis, in 88% yield. Transformation into the less reactive donor 14 and reaction with lactose acceptor 15 gave pentasaccharide 2 only in modest yield, thus exhibiting the scope and limitations of phosphite leaving groups in glycosylation reactions. magnified image
Constraints-based motion planning for an automatic, flexible laser scanning robotized platform (2008)

The paper addresses an implementation issue of a robotized reverse engineering platform for not modelled objects. The RE platform is composed of three major components: a 6 d.o.f. industrial robot, a dual-camera laser scanner and a digitally controlled turntable on which the object is placed. One important objective of this work is to develop suitable scanning strategies and robot motion patterns for automatic sensor guiding and acquisition of 3D surface data of objects to be modelled. The proposed strategy implies the synchronization of the robot movements with the rotation of the turntable, in order to avoid collisions or axis out of range and to keep, if possible, the robot in the central area of its workspace. For each unique picture taking point, the adequate turntable angle and robot configuration will be computed. A 6 d.o.f vertical articulated robot simulator was developed to generate the set of necessary robot configurations and turntable angles corresponding to the scanning strategies. The simulator is used to test whether a scanning path is feasible from the kinematics point of view. The scanning strategy consists of two stages: first, predefined scanning paths are followed, based on offline planned motion patterns; secondly, evaluation of the acquired 3D data may eventually lead to new scanning paths with different orientations of the hand-held laser scanner to obtain complete 3D information of the hidden details of the objectpsilas surface.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor delivered by encapsulated cell intraocular implants for treatment of geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration (2011)

There is no treatment available for vision loss associated with advanced dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or geographic atrophy (GA). In a pilot, proof of concept phase 2 study, we evaluated ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) delivered via an intraocular encapsulated cell technology implant for the treatment of GA. We designed a multicenter, 1-y, double-masked, sham-controlled dose-ranging study. Patients with GA were randomly assigned to receive a high-or low-dose implant or sham surgery. The primary endpoint was the change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 12 mo. CNTF treatment resulted in a dose-dependent increase in retinal thickness. This change was followed by visual acuity stabilization (loss of less than 15 letters) in the high-dose group (96.3%) compared with low-dose (83.3%) and sham (75%) group. A subgroup analysis of those with baseline BCVA at 20/63 or better revealed that 100% of patients in the high-dose group lost <15 letters compared with 55.6% in the combined low-dose/sham group (P = 0.033). There was a 0.8 mean letter gain in the high-dose group compared with a 9.7 mean letter loss in the combined low-dose/sham group (P = 0.0315). Both the implant and the implant procedure were well-tolerated. These findings suggest that CNTF delivered by the encapsulated cell technology implant appears to slow the progression of vision loss in GA, especially in eyes with 20/63 or better vision at baseline.
Growth and Yield of Maize as Affected by Early‐Season Defoliation<sup>1</sup> (1978)

Abstract Complete defoliation of maize ( Zea mays L.) at the five‐leaf stage has been reported to increase the grain yield of early‐season hybrids in the northern U.S. corn belt while similar treatments have generally reduced yields of full‐season hybrids. The objective of this study was to extend this research to the central corn belt by measuring the effect of defoliation at the five‐leaf stage on grain yield of maize hybrids differing in maturity. Yield responses were related to growth characteristics. Field experiments conducted at two Illinois locations during a 2‐year period indicated that defoliation reduced average grain yields 10 to 13% regardless of maturity class. Defoliation also reduced plant height, leaf number, leaf area, and percentage grain protein. Defoliation delayed pollen shed and silking but did not change the pollen shed to silking interval. In some experiments lower grain yields from defoliation were associated with a slight decrease in plant population, but reduced ear size was the primary factor causing the decreases in yields. Reduced leaf area probably decreased the supply of photosynthate resulting in smaller ear weight.
Simple sub-50-ps rise-time high voltage generator (1991)

This article relates to the development of an ultrafast (nanoseconds–picoseconds time scale) compact system(s) readily applicable to the field of EMP/radiation, x-ray-induced nondestructive testing, plasma fusion (energy) experiments, bioelectromagnetic (food-drug) sterilization, drivers for x-ray preionized XeCl laser and similar applications. The present work shows that the Marx and the Pulse forming section can be integrated into a single unit. The stray capacitance present in each stage acts as a peaking capacitor. For a charging voltage per stage of &lt;40 kV, the rise time of the output pulse is below 50 ps at 200 kV into a 100-Ω load. Work is in progress to extend the voltage amplitude to 1.6 MV while maintaining the relative pulse waveform. With a contemporary optical diagnostic technique it is believed that the present concept may achieve 1–10 ps rise-time pulses at a megavolt level in ‘‘smart gas mixtures.’’ In addition a solution for the classical peaking circuit has been obtained and presented in the Appendix.
Robot pose estimation in unknown environments by matching 2D range scans (1994)

We develop two algorithms to register a range scan to a previous scan so as to compute relative robot positions in an unknown environment. The first algorithm is used on matching tangent lines defined on two scans and minimizing a distance function. The second algorithm iteratively establishes correspondences between points in the two scans and then solves the point-to-point least-squares problem to compute the relative pose. Our methods avoid the use of localized features. They work in curved environments and can handle partial occlusions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
2011 – the Global Year against Acute Pain (2011)

In May 1863 the British surgeon, Henry Thompson, departed for Belgium to attend Leopold, King of the Belgians. The King was in agony: he had suffered with bladder stones for months and multiple procedures, without anaesthesia, had failed to relieve his symptoms. Henry Thompson was therefore consulted about the possibility of operating under the influence of chloroform. He could see no objection if the chloroform were given by an experienced administrator such as Mr Clover "who indeed was generally believed at that day to have no equal". History records that the successful operation was performed under chloroform anaesthesia administered by Joseph Clover. But a letter from Henry Thompson, discovered in Clover's personal papers, raises a number of questions about this operation. This was the procedure that made Henry Thompson rich and famous, but was it actually performed under anaesthesia? And if not, why not?
Sperm capacitation in humans is transient and correlates with chemotactic responsiveness to follicular factors. (1995)

In humans, only a small fraction (2-12%) of a sperm population can respond by chemoattraction to follicular factors. This recent finding led to the hypothesis that chemotaxis provides a mechanism for selective recruitment of functionally mature spermatozoa (i.e., of capacitated spermatozoa, which possess the potential to undergo the acrosome reaction and fertilize the egg). This study aimed to examine this possibility. Capacitated spermatozoa were identified by their ability to undergo the acrosome reaction upon stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Under capacitating conditions, only a small portion (2-14%) of the spermatozoa were found to be capacitated. The spermatozoa were then separated according to their chemotactic activity, which resulted in a subpopulation enriched with chemotactically responsive spermatozoa and a subpopulation depleted of such spermatozoa. The level of capacitated spermatozoa in the former was approximately 13-fold higher than that in the latter. The capacitated state was temporary (50 min < life span < 240 min), and it was synchronous with the chemotactic activity. A continuous process of replacement of capacitated/chemotactic spermatozoa within a sperm population was observed. Spermatozoa that had stopped being capacitated did not become capacitated again, which indicates that the capacitated state is acquired only once in a sperm's lifetime. A total sperm population depleted of capacitated spermatozoa stopped being chemotactic. When capacitated spermatozoa reappeared, chemotactic activity was restored. These observations suggest that spermatozoa acquire their chemotactic responsiveness as part of the capacitation process and lose this responsiveness when the capacitated state is terminated. We suggest that the role of sperm chemotaxis in sperm-egg interaction in vivo may indeed be selective recruitment of capacitated spermatozoa for fertilizing the egg.
Targeting of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope to the<i>trans</i>-Golgi Network through Binding to TIP47 Is Required for Env Incorporation into Virions and Infectivity (2003)

Here, we report that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Env glycoprotein is located mainly in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) due to determinants present in the cytoplasmic domain of the transmembrane gp41 glycoprotein (TMgp41). Internalization assays demonstrated that Env present at the cell surface returns to the TGN. We found that the cytoplasmic domain of TMgp41 binds to TIP47, a protein required for the transport of mannose-6-phosphate receptors from endosomes to the TGN. Overexpression of a mutant of TIP47 affected the transport of Env from endosomes to the TGN. Retrograde transport of Env to the TGN requires a Y(802)W(803) diaromatic motif present in the TMgp41 cytoplasmic domain. Mutation of this motif abolished both targeting to the TGN as well as interaction with TIP47. These data support the view that binding of TIP47 to HIV-1 Env facilitates its delivery to the TGN. Lastly, we show that virus mutated in the Y(802)W(803) motif is poorly infectious and presents a defect in Env incorporation, supporting a model in which retrograde transport of Env is implicated in the optimization of fully infectious HIV-1 production.
Quinoline 3-sulfonamides inhibit lactate dehydrogenase A and reverse aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells (2013)

Rapid chemical inhibition of LDHA by these quinoline 3-sulfonamids led to profound metabolic alterations and impaired cell survival in carcinoma cells making it a compelling strategy for treating solid tumors that rely on aerobic glycolysis for survival.
3D Camera Tracking in Unknown Environments by On-line Keypoint Learning (2010)

In this paper we present an efficient algorithm for camera tracking applicable for mobile devices. In particular, the work is motivated by the limited computational power and memory, precluding the use of existing methods for estimation of the 6-DoF pose of a mobile device (camera) relative to a previously unknown planar object. Similar to existing methods, we introduce a keypoint based approach. We establish a relationship between the object and its image by selecting keypoints on the object, preferably such with a distinctive appearance, and identifying their location within subsequent images. In contrast to existing works, we solve the problem of re-identifying such feature points by robustly learning their appearance with an on-line learning algorithm. We demonstrate the proposed algorithm, hence not limited to this application, in the context of AR. In particular, we give several qualitative and quantitative evaluations showing the benefits of the proposed approach.