gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid Phosphorylation of Ets-2 Accompanies Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation and the Induction of Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor Gene Expression by Oncogenic Raf-1 (1997)

Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) gene transcription is rapidly activated in NIH 3T3 cells transformed by oncogenic Ras and Raf and mediates the autocrine activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) observed in these cells. A 1.7-kb fragment of the promoter of the murine HB-EGF gene linked to a luciferase reporter was strongly induced following activation of deltaRaf-1:ER, a conditionally active form of oncogenic human Raf-1. Promoter activation by deltaRaf-1:ER required a composite AP-1/Ets transcription factor binding site located between bp -974 and -988 upstream of the translation initiation site. In vivo genomic footprinting indicated that the basal level of occupancy of this composite AP-1/Ets element increased following deltaRaf-1:ER activation. Cotransfection of Ets-2 and p44 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase expression vectors strongly potentiated HB-EGF promoter activation in response to deltaRaf-1:ER. Potentiated activation required both p44 MAP kinase catalytic activity and threonine 72 in the Pointed domain of Ets-2. Biochemical assays demonstrated the ability of the p42 and p44 MAP kinases to phosphorylate Ets-2 on threonine 72. Importantly, in intact cells, the kinetics of phosphorylation of Ets-2 on this residue closely mirror the activation of the p42 and p44 MAP kinases and the observed onset of HB-EGF gene transcription following deltaRaf-1:ER activation. These data firmly establish Ets-2 as a direct target of the Raf-MEK-MAP kinase signaling pathway and strongly implicate Ets-2 in the regulation of HB-EGF gene expression.
Spontaneous and privacy-friendly mobile indoor routing and navigation (2009)

Mobile indoor navigation systems guide users through buildings and premises by taking into account the current position of the user and a destination such as a room, office or shop. In many environments a spontaneous and also anonymous navigation is desirable e.g. at airports, hospitals or university campuses. However, many systems that have been proposed so far require the integration of a radio-based positioning system and access to other organization-specific systems, which results in a lot of things a user has to deal with before the navigation system can be used and which raises a lot of issues with respect to the location privacy of the user. In this paper we propose a mobile indoor navigation system that allows spontaneous navigation and that guarantees location privacy for the user. A pre-compiled compact representation for all the routes and navigation instructions in a building is the basis for an application that uses the built-in camera on the mobile device to derive the current position in the building from barcodes which are distributed all over the building. We show that the approach allows to navigate through a building with thousands of rooms and requires only little data on the device. Routes can be computed efficiently in O(1) on the device and the only infrastructure that is required are the barcodes which can be easily printed and installed at walls or already existing signs in the building.
Decomposition and Aromatization of Ethanol on ZSM-Based Catalysts (2006)

The adsorption, desorption, and reactions of ethanol have been investigated on pure and promoted ZSM-5 catalysts. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the formation of a strongly bonded ethoxy species on ZSM-5(80) at 300 K. TPD experiments following the adsorption of ethanol on both ZSM-5 and Mo2C/ZSM-5 have shown desorption profiles corresponding to unreacted ethanol and decomposition products (H2O, H2, CH3CHO, C4H10O, and C2H4). The main reaction pathway of ethanol on pure ZSM-5 is the dehydration reaction yielding ethylene, small amounts of hydrocarbons, and aromatics. Deposition of different additives, such as Mo2C, ZnO, and Ga2O3 on zeolite, greatly promoted the formation of benzene and toluene at 773-973 K, very likely by catalyzing the aromatization of ethylene formed in the dehydration process of ethanol. Separate studies of the reaction of ethylene revealed that the previous additives markedly enhanced the selectivity and the yield of aromatics on ZSM-5.
Influence of Oryzanol and Ferulic Acid on the Lipid Metabolism and Antioxidative Status in High Fat-Fed Mice (2010)

The comparative effects of oryzanol and ferulic acid on the lipid metabolism and antioxidative status of high fat-fed mice were investigated. The mice were given a diet containing 17% fat (HF), supplemented with oryzanol (HF-O) or ferulic acid for 7 weeks. The control mice (NC) were fed with normal diet. The HF mice exhibited increased body weight gain, plasma and hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, and lipid peroxidation rate, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. In general, they also showed lower hepatic antioxidant and higher lipid-regulating enzymes activities relative to that of NC group. Addition of oryzanol or ferulic acid in the diet counteracted these high fat-induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress via increased faecal lipid excretion and regulation of antioxidant and lipogenic enzymes activities. This study illustrates that oryzanol and ferulic acid have relatively similar hypolipidemic actions and could be effective in lowering the risk of high fat diet-induced obesity.
Formation of the stable myosin-ADP-aluminum fluoride and myosin-ADP-beryllium fluoride complexes and their analysis using 19F NMR. (1993)

The effects of aluminum fluoride and beryllium fluoride on smooth muscle myosin and its subfragments were studied. Mg(2+)-ATPase activity was inhibited in the presence of aluminum fluoride (beryllium fluoride). [3H]ADP bound to heavy meromyosin (HMM) in the presence of aluminum fluoride (beryllium fluoride) and was not dissociated after 3 days of dialysis demonstrating that [3H]ADP was trapped in HMM. These results suggest the formation of a stable HMM-ADP-fluoroaluminate (fluoroberyllate) complex. The intrinsic tryptophane fluorescence intensity was increased in the presence of ADP and aluminum fluoride (beryllium fluoride). Acto-S1 was dissociated upon the formation of S1-ADP-fluoroberyllate and actin destabilized S1-ADP-fluoroberyllate complex, while S1-ADP-fluoroaluminate failed to bind to actin. Furthermore, when S1 formed the complex with actin, nucleotide trapping did not occur in the presence of fluoraluminate. These results indicated that the myosin-ADP-fluoroberyllate complex resembles a weak binding state while myosin-ADP-fluoroaluminate complex is a distinct conformation although the binding to actin was also weak. The structure of the ternary complex was investigated using 19F NMR. The 19F NMR spectrum of the S1-ADP-fluoroaluminate complex showed a peak at -66.7 ppm which is due to the binding of fluoraluminate to S1. The peak was not observed when 5'-adenylylimidodiphosphate was substituted for ADP suggesting that aluminum fluoride plays a role as a phosphate analogue. The stoichiometry of the bound fluoride was determined to be 3.8 mol/mol S1 suggesting that the bound species is AlF-4.
CMOS compatible all-silicon TM pass polarizer based on highly doped silicon waveguide (2018)

We propose and analyze via simulation a novel approach to implement a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible and high extinction ratio transverse magnetic pass polarizer on the silicon-on-insulator platform with a 340 nm thick silicon core. The TM-pass polarizer utilizes a highly doped p-silicon waveguide as the transverse hybrid plasmonic waveguide. We observed an extinction ratio of 30.11 dB and an insertion loss of 3.08 dB for a device length of 15 µm. The fabrication process of the proposed TM-pass polarizer is simpler compared to the state-of-the-art since it only uses silicon waveguides and does not require any special material or feature size.
DNA nanotubes and helical nanotapes via self-assembly of ssDNA-amphiphiles (2014)

DNA nanotubes were created using molecular self-assembly of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-amphiphiles composed of a hydrophobic dialkyl tail and polycarbon spacer and a hydrophilic ssDNA headgroup. The nanotube structures were formed by bilayers of amphiphiles, with the hydrophobic components forming an inner layer that was shielded from the aqueous solvent by an outer layer of ssDNA. The nanotubes appeared to form via an assembly process that included transitions from twisted nanotapes to helical nanotapes to nanotubes. Amphiphiles that contained different ssDNA headgroups were created to explore the effect of the length and secondary structure of the ssDNA headgroup on the self-assembly behavior of the amphiphiles in the presence and absence of the polycarbon spacer. It was found that nanotubes could be formed using a variety of headgroup lengths and sequences. The ability to create nanotubes via ssDNA-amphiphile self-assembly offers an alternative to the other purely DNA-based approaches like DNA origami and DNA tile assembly for constructing these structures and may be useful for applications in drug delivery, biosensing, and electronics.
Sentiment Classification Via Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks (2017)

The state-of-the-art methods used for sentiment classification are primarily based on statistical machine learning, and their performance strongly depends on the quality of the extracted features. The extracted features are often derived from the output of pre-existing natural language processing (NLP) systems, which leads to the propagation of errors in the existing tools and hinders the performance of these systems. In contrast to traditional methods, this paper introduces a recurrent convolutional neural network for text classification that works independently of and without human-designed features. The model applies a recurrent structure to capture as much contextual information as far as possible when learning word representations, which may introduce considerably less noise compared to traditional window-based neural networks. In addition, we also employ a max-pooling layer that automatically judges which words play key roles in sentiment classification to capture the key components in texts. We also conduct experiments on movie review datasets. These experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms current state-of-theart methods.
Single-Pass Baling of Corn Stover (2013)

A single-pass corn grain and stover harvester was produced by coupling a combine harvester and a towed large-round baler. An accumulation hopper and metering system were added to the baler to allow for continuous collection of stover through the bale wrapping and ejection cycles. Both the accumulation metering system and the baler were powered hydraulically by the combine. When harvesting with an ear-snapper header at an average rate of 5.6 ha h-1 and stover collection rate of 1.4 Mg ha-1, combine fuel use was increased by an average of 11% over baseline operation without the baler. Bale dry densities of 164 to 206 kg m-3 were achieved with this configuration. The accumulator and feed system capacity were more than sufficient to handle the mass flow collected with the ear-snapper header, so while harvesting grain the baler was only operated for 38% of the total harvest time. When using a whole-plant header to achieve average stover collection rates of 4.5 Mg ha-1, combine area capacity was reduced by more than 50% and the accumulator feed system was less effective at unloading the long stalks collected. Increasing the aggressiveness of the combine residue chopper reduced the hopper unloading time by 69%, but the additional size reduction also increased combine fuel use by 7%.
Automatic speed regulation of D-C motors using combined armature voltage and motor field control (1961)

THE MOST commonly available adjustable speed drives of today use the d-c motor. The speed can be controlled by armature voltage variation, field current variation, or a combination of both. Where the load torque is essentially constant throughout the speed range, armature voltage control is used. The second method, motor field adjustment, is most economical where the load power is substantially constant over a speed range not wider than 4 to 6. When an extremely wide speed range is desired with reduced torque at the higher speeds, the combination of both armature and field control gives good results. At low speeds, the motor field is usually maintained at a constant level and the motor speed is varied by changing the armature voltage. When rated armature voltage is reached, the speed can be further increased by weakening the field. The armature voltage, in any case, may be supplied from a Ward-Leonard generator, magnetic amplifiers, tubes, or semiconductors.
Text Extraction and Retrieval from Smartphone Screenshots: Building a Repository for Life in Media (2018)

Daily engagement in life experiences is increasingly interwoven with mobile device use. Screen capture at the scale of seconds is being used in behavioral studies and to implement "just-in-time" health interventions. The increasing psychological breadth of digital information will continue to make the actual screens that people view a preferred if not required source of data about life experiences. Effective and efficient Information Extraction and Retrieval from digital screenshots is a crucial prerequisite to successful use of screen data. In this paper, we present the experimental workflow we exploited to: (i) pre-process a unique collection of screen captures, (ii) extract unstructured text embedded in the images, (iii) organize image text and metadata based on a structured schema, (iv) index the resulting document collection, and (v) allow for Image Retrieval through a dedicated vertical search engine application. The adopted procedure integrates different open source libraries for traditional image processing, Optical Character Recognition (OCR), and Image Retrieval. Our aim is to assess whether and how state-of-the-art methodologies can be applied to this novel data set. We show how combining OpenCV-based pre-processing modules with a Long short-term memory (LSTM) based release of Tesseract OCR, without ad hoc training, led to a 74% character-level accuracy of the extracted text. Further, we used the processed repository as baseline for a dedicated Image Retrieval system, for the immediate use and application for behavioral and prevention scientists. We discuss issues of Text Information Extraction and Retrieval that are particular to the screenshot image case and suggest important future work.
Endostatin Overexpression Inhibits Lymphangiogenesis and Lymph Node Metastasis in Mice (2007)

Endostatin, a proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII, is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumor growth. We studied the development of carcinogen-induced skin tumors in transgenic J4 mice overexpressing endostatin in their keratinocytes. Unexpectedly, we did not observe any differences in tumor incidence and multiplicity between these and control mice, nor in the rate of conversion of benign papillomas to malignant squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). We did find, however, that endostatin regulates the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes because the SCCs in the J4 mice were less aggressive and more often well differentiated than those in the control mice. We observed an inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by endostatin at an early stage in skin tumor development, but more strikingly, there was a significant reduction in lymphatic vessels in the papillomas and SCCs in association with elevated endostatin levels and also a significant inhibition of lymph node metastasis in the J4 mice. We showed that tumor-infiltrating mast cells strongly expressed vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), and that the accumulation of these cells was markedly decreased in the tumors of the J4 mice. Moreover, endostatin inhibited the adhesion and migration of murine MC/9 mast cells on fibronectin in vitro. Our data suggest that endostatin can inhibit tumor lymphangiogenesis by decreasing the VEGF-C levels in the tumors, apparently via inhibition of mast cell migration and adhesion, and support the view that the biological effects of endostatin are not restricted to endothelial cells because endostatin also regulates tumor-associated inflammation and differentiation, and the phenotype of epithelial tumors.
Infrared vision using uncooled optomechanical camera (2000)

An uncooled IR imaging system that is based on thermomechanical sensing of IR radiation in conjunction with a visible optical readout has been developed. The system contains a focal plane array (FPA) consisting of bimaterial cantilever beams made of silicon nitride (SiN<SUB>x</SUB>) and gold (Au) in each pixel. Absorption on incident IR radiation in the 8-14 micrometers wavelength range by SiN<SUB>x</SUB> in each cantilever beam raises its temperature, resulting in proportional deflection due to mismatch in thermal expansion of the two cantilever materials. The FPA design involved maximizing the thermal resistance between the pixel and its surroundings, maximizing the thermomechanical response within the constraints of the pixel size, optimizing the pixel time response, and maximizing the IR absorption using thin film optics. Microfabrication of stress-balanced bimaterial cantilevers was achieved by varying the silicon concentration along the thickness of the SiN<SUB>x</SUB> films in order to balance the residual tensile stress in the Au film and the Cr adhesion layer between Au and SiN<SUB>x</SUB>. The optical readout utilized Fourier diffractive optics to simultaneously detect deflections of all cantilevers using a single light source. The results suggest that objects at temperatures as low as 30 degrees C can be imaged with the best noise-equivalent temperature difference (NETD) in the range of 2-5 K. It is estimated that further improvements that are currently being pursed can improved NETD below 5 mK.
The demonstration of plasma cells and other immunoglobulin-containing cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using peroxidase-labelled antibody (1974)

A method is described for the demonstration of specific immunoglobulin in plasma cells and other lymphoid cells in sections taken from routine surgical histology specimens which have been formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. An indirect sandwich technique was employed using specific rabbit antihuman immunoglobulin antisera (anti-K, L, G, A, and M) and a swine antirabbit serum Ig G, conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. The presence of plasma cells was revealed by staining the tissue-bound peroxidase-labelled antibody, having previously stained the endogenous peroxidase a contrasting colour. It was possible to demonstrate clearly immunoglobulin in the plasma cells of tissues processed and embedded several years previously. Some of the potential uses of the method are discussed.
2.45 GHz microwave plasmas at magnetic fields below ECR (1992)

Microwave plasmas (f= omega /2 pi =2.45 GHz, 200-1000 W) were excited and maintained at low static magnetic fields, B=300-450 G and gas pressures of 0.2-10 mTorr. Two modes were found and studied: low plasma density mode with Ne<Ncr=7.4*1010 cm-3, and high (overdense, Ne>Ncr) plasma mode. The resonance transition from low- and high-mode plasma was observed when the magnetic field near the microwave introduction (vacuum) window was Bw=435-440 G. It was attributed to the second gyratron harmonic resonance omega =2 omega BS. Mechanisms of microwave power absorption at B<Bce=875 G are discussed.
<title>Analysis of perplexing situations in word processor work using facial image sequence</title> (1997)

Computer users often feel difficulty in operating. For this reason, it is desirable to make the computer detect the operator's perplex situations and carry out the kindness action to the operator. We propose the method for recognizing the perplex situations in word processor work. Firstly, the perplexed behaviors were picked up by observing the subjects in word processor work. As the result of the observation, it was made clear that the perplexed behaviors were shown in the motion of the head and keyboard operation rather than facial expression. Secondly, the head motions in x, y, z and (Theta) directions were captured in real time by chasing both pupils through the use of image processing. In the system, the processing speed is enhanced by reducing image data. The behaviors are converted to the series of vectors which have the moving speed of head. Thirdly, the distances between unknown input motion patterns and the template patterns of the vector sequences were calculated by DP matching. As the result of DP matching, it was made clear that each head motion was identified. The proposed method can be applied to the development of the software which responses automatically when the operator falls into the perplex situations.
Design Of A Wide Field Of View Phased Array Telescope (1988)

The design of the Multipurpose Multiple Telescope Testbed (MMTT) is described. The MMTT, whose construction is now nearly complete, is believed to be the first wide field of view phased array imaging telescope. The design philosophy and alignment requirements are discussed and the telescope is described. The array consists of four 20 cm telescopes and operates with visible light. The coherently combined image has a 30 arcmin field of view. A key design goal is the maintenance of lateral pupil geometry to within 1µm of the ideal. Two mirrors behind each afocal telescope combine the four beams into one and are actuated to control both tilt and piston. Together, the two beam combiner mirrors control lateral pupil geometry. A control system senses the lateral pupil geometry error by continuously measuring piston phase changes over the telescope field of view. A discrete time varying Kalman filter then processes these measurements to estimate lateral pupil geometry errors.
Trimethoprim-polymyxin ophthalmic solution versus chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution in the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. (1982)

Forty patients with a diagnosis of presumptive bacterial conjunctivitis were treated with either trimethoprim-polymyxin or chloramphenicol ophthalmic solutions in a randomized, double-blind trial. No significant differences could be demonstrated between the results of 7-days' treatment with the two preparations and both solutions were found to be effective in improving the signs and symptoms of surface ocular bacterial infection. No adverse reactions were reported in either treatment group.
Laryngeal pacemaker using a temperature sensor in the canine (1987)

With the use of a temperature sensor that would detect temperature changes during the respiratory cycle in the pharynx, electrical stimulation of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle was achieved in dogs whose recurrent laryngeal nerves were artificially paralyzed. Due to the temperature difference between inspiratory and expiratory air flow, a trigger pulse was generated at the beginning of inspiration. The stimulation pulse following the trigger pulse stimulated the electrodes inserted into the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles. In all five canines, obvious abduction of the vocal folds synchronized with inspiration was observed during electrical pacing.