gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effective Gas Control: A Case Study of Surfactant Cement (1993)

Abstract Gas migration during primary cementing has been the subject of numerous studies and is well documented in referenced literature. Methodologies to predict gas flow potential have been devised and various systems have been offered to prevent the phenomenon. However, high cost associated with these systems has made them unattractive for many well candidates having marginal potential for gas flow. This prompts the possibly unsafe choice between merit and economics. With this in mind, a cost effective slurry was developed, incorporating surfactant to prevent annular gas flow. Surfactant cement is a conventional slurry to which a foam generating surfactant is added. Originally developed in 1973 by the Institute Francais du Petrol, surfactant cement has been utilized in several applications worldwide. Surfactant immobilizes formation gas by converting it to a highly viscous low mobility foam. The addition of surfactant also lowers a slurry's surface tension, thereby preventing bubbles from coalescing and becoming mobile. The combination of these two mechanisms combined with thoughtful slurry design will greatly reduce the risk of annular gas flow after cementing. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, via case study, the cost effectiveness of surfactant cement when used for gas control purposes. A brief overview of annular gas flow causes, conventional aspects of gas control slurry design, and description of surfactant gas control mechanisms are also presented.
Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate protects toluene diisocyanate‐induced airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma (2006)

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major form of tea catechin, has anti-allergic properties. To elucidate the anti-allergic mechanisms of EGCG, we investigated its regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) expression in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-inhalation lung tissues as well as TNF-alpha and Th2 cytokine (IL-5) production in BAL fluid. Compared with untreated asthmatic mice those administrated with EGCG had significantly reduced asthmatic reaction. Also, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by TDI inhalation was diminished by administration of EGCG in BAL fluid. These results suggest that EGCG regulates inflammatory cell migration possibly by suppressing MMP-9 production and ROS generation, and indicate that EGCG may be useful as an adjuvant therapy for bronchial asthma.
Usable Privacy-Aware Logging for Unstructured Log Entries (2016)

Log files are a basic building block of computer systems. They typically contain sensitive data, for example, information about the internal structure of a service and its users. Additionally, log records are usually unstructured in the sense that sensitive data will not occur in every entry and not always occur at defined positions within a record. To mitigate the threat of illicit access to log files, we propose a flexible framework for the creation of privacy-preserving log records. A crucial step is the annotation of sensitive data, by using arbitrary labels, during the development of a system. These labels are mapped to redaction filters to form a redaction policy. Thus, we can create two parallel log streams. One log stream contains fully redacted log entries. It, hence, does not contain any sensitive information and is intended for everyday use. The second stream contains the original entires. Here, confidentiality must be ensured. Our framework fosters privacy by default principles and can support selective disclosure of relevant data. We developed an implementation of our solution for logback, one of the major logging frameworks in Java, and successfully evaluated its applicability.
New laser system for measurements of dissociation rates of small molecules with picosecond temporal resolution (1998)

A technique is presented for studying state-specific picosecond unimolecular reaction dynamics of small molecules in their ground electronic states, and hence their thermal unimolecular reactions. Formyl fluoride (HFCO) is chosen for its unique properties. HFCO dissociates over a barrier of 17,200 +/- 1,400 cm<SUP>-1</SUP> to form HF + CO. It has been shown that intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution (IVR) is far from complete at such energies. Thus substantial state- and mode-selectivity are exhibited in vibrational couplings and dissociation rates. Stimulated emission pumping (SEP) is used to selectivity populate single rovibrational levels in the electronic ground state. A third, variably delayed laser pulse, probes the depleting population of molecules from this level by laser induced fluorescence. The high temporal resolution of the dump and the probe laser pulses is realized by two distributed- feedback dye lasers amplified in (beta) -barium borate crystals serving as optical parametric amplifiers. The complete system is pumped by one active passive mode-locked Nd:YAG laser. The system delivers two independently tunable 16 ps laser pulses with a bandwidth of 1.48 cm<SUP>-1</SUP> and energies of up to 1 mJ.
Cutaneous pretreatment with the capsaicin analog NE-21610 prevents the pain to a burn and subsequent hyperalgesia (1995)

Cutaneous injection of the capsaicin analog NE-21610 (Procter and Gamble) produces analgesia to heat but not mechanical stimuli in humans. The present study examined whether pretreatment of the skin with NE-21610 prevents the development of hyperalgesia following heat injury. On the 1st day testing, 7 volunteers received a 30-microl intradermal injection of vehicle to one volar forearm and 10 micrograms of NE-21610 to the other volar forearm. On the 2nd test day the subjects rated the intensity of pain to mechanical and heat stimuli before and after a burn (48 degrees C, 120 sec) to each injection site. At the vehicle site, the pain evoked by the burn was rated as moderate to strong. In addition, primary hyperalgesia to heat and mechanical stimuli, secondary hyperalgesia to mechanical stimuli, and flare were observed after the burn. In contrast, the pain evoked by the burn at the NE-21610-treated site was rated as weak, and primary hyperalgesia to heat and mechanical stimuli did not develop. In addition, the area of flare at the drug-tested site was smaller than that observed at the vehicle site, and no secondary hyperalgesia to mechanical stimuli was observed. These data suggest that pretreatment with the capsaicin analog NE-21610 may attenuate the pain and hyperalgesia associated with injury.
Light-Weight, Inter-Procedural and Callback-Aware Resource Leak Detection for Android Apps (2016)

Android devices include many embedded resources such as Camera, Media Player and Sensors. These resources require programmers to explicitly request and release them. Missing release operations might cause serious problems such as performance degradation or system crash. This kind of defects is called resource leak. Despite a large body of existing works on testing and analyzing Android apps, there still remain several challenging problems. In this work, we present Relda2, a light-weight and precise static resource leak detection tool. We first systematically collected a resource table, which includes the resources that the Android reference requires developers release manually. Based on this table, we designed a general approach to automatically detect resource leaks. To make a more precise inter-procedural analysis, we construct a Function Call Graph for each Android application, which handles function calls of user-defined methods and the callbacks invoked by the Android framework at the same time. To evaluate Relda2's effectiveness and practical applicability, we downloaded 103 apps from popular app stores and an open source community, and found 67 real resource leaks, which we have confirmed manually.
On rethinking organizational document genres for electronic document management (2003)

Document management has to be re-thought and clarified in organizations, especially for the coordinated adoption of organization-wide electronic document management systems (EDMSs). This paper reports the identification and evaluation of 11 organizational document genres of an industrial organization. The analysis revealed that different features need to be developed for different document genres. The results indicate that universal definitions for a "document" should not be used to envision organizational EDMSs. Rather, organizational document genres and genre systems should be systematically re-thought out, in collaboration with information systems specialists, organizational designers and domain experts.
Deposition of Co-Cr films by magnetron sputtering with highly efficient target utilization (1990)

A new type of magnetron sputtering method which can highly improve the utilization efficiency of a Co-Cr alloy target and suppress the bombardment of high-energy particles to substrate has been developed by forming the uniform magnetic flux confined in front of the target plane. The target utilization efficiencies in area and volume were as high as about 90% and 65%, respectively. The maximum deposition rate was about 0.26 mu /min. All Co-Cr films deposited by using this method were composed of HCP phase crystallites with c-axis orientation Delta theta /sub 50/ ranging from 8 to 14 degrees . The easy direction of magnetization was perpendicular to the film plane. The saturization magnetization M/sub s/ and the perpendicular coercivity H/sub c perpendicular to / are in the ranges of 400-550 emu/cm/sup 3/ and more than 1000 Oe, respectively. Accordingly, a plasma confining type of sputtering method may be useful for depositing Co-Cr films at a high rate and high target utilization efficiency without damage by plasma.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A one-dimensional discrete Hilbert transform for interferometric phases (2005)

The phase-demodulation scheme by using a discrete Hilbert transform that can change the interferometric phase by π/2 has been investigated. In-quadrature components of a fringe pattern are obtained from one captured interferogram by using a one-dimensional (1-D) discrete Hilbert transform and a 1-D discrete high-pass filtering that are based on a digital signal processing technique. The 1-D discrete Hilbert transform can be extended to two-dimensional calculation with a raster scanning procedure.
Insight into Crosstalk between Ferroptosis and Necroptosis: Novel Therapeutics in Ischemic Stroke (2021)

Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides to lethal levels. Necroptosis, an alternative form of programmed necrosis, is regulated by receptor-interacting protein (RIP) 1 activation and by RIP3 and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) phosphorylation. Ferroptosis and necroptosis both play important roles in the pathological progress in ischemic stroke, which is a complex brain disease regulated by several cell death pathways. In the past few years, increasing evidence has suggested that the crosstalk occurs between necroptosis and ferroptosis in ischemic stroke. However, the potential links between ferroptosis and necroptosis in ischemic stroke have not been elucidated yet. Hence, in this review, we overview and analyze the mechanism underlying the crosstalk between necroptosis and ferroptosis in ischemic stroke. And we find that iron overload, one mechanism of ferroptosis, leads to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, which aggravates RIP1 phosphorylation and contributes to necroptosis. In addition, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) induces necroptosis and ferroptosis by promoting RIP1 phosphorylation and suppressing glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activation. In this work, we try to deliver a new perspective in the exploration of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
1-Aryl-3,5-dihydro-4<i>H</i>-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones:  Novel AMPA Receptor Antagonists (1997)

Our previous publication (Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1995, 294, 411-422) reported preliminary chemical and biological studies of some 2,3-benzodiazepines, analogues of 1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-(methylenedioxy)-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine (1, GYKI 52466), which have been shown to possess significant anticonvulsant activity. This paper describes the synthesis of new 1-aryl-3,5-dihydro-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones and the evaluation of their anticonvulsant effects. The observed findings extend the structure-activity relationships previously suggested for this class of anticonvulsants. The seizures were evoked both by means of auditory stimulation in DBA/2 mice and by pentylenetetrazole or maximal electroshock in Swiss mice. 1-(4'-Aminophenyl)- (38) and 1-(3'-aminophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-7,8-dimethoxy-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin- 4-one (39), the most active compounds of the series, proved to be more potent than 1 in all tests employed. In particular, the ED50 values against tonus evoked by auditory stimulation were 12.6 micromol/kg for derivative 38, 18.3 micromol/kg for 39, and 25.3 micromol/kg for 1. Higher doses were necessary to block tonic extension induced both by maximal electroshock and by pentylenetetrazole. In addition these compounds exhibited anticonvulsant properties that were longer lasting than those of compound 1 and were less toxic. The novel 2,3-benzodiazepines were also investigated for a possible correlation between their anticonvulsant activities against convulsions induced by 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid (AMPA) and their affinities for benzodiazepine receptors (BZR). The 2,3-benzodiazepines did not affect the binding of [3H]flumazenil to BZR, and conversely, their anticonvulsant effects were not reversed by flumazenil. On the other hand the 2,3-benzodiazepines antagonized seizures induced by AMPA and aniracetam in agreement with an involvement of the AMPA receptor. In addition, both the derivative 38 and the compound 1 markedly reduced the AMPA receptor-mediated membrane currents in guinea-pig olfactory cortical neurons in vitro in a noncompetitive manner. The derivatives 25 and 38-40 failed to displace specific ligands from N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), AMPA/kainate, or metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Animal Models for Hydrodynamic Gene Delivery (2012)

The vehicle for the molecules is Normal Saline, Ringer's Solution or Phosphate Buffered Saline and the dosage range from 0.1 to 10 mg/kg, depending on the application. The molecules can be DNA, as plasmid, fragment or artificial chromosome, RNA, single or double stranded, genomic or not, polymers, proteins and small compounds. The main application of the hydrodynamic delivery is the therapy studies, especially genes encoding secretory proteins which can be even isolated and purified. A different area of interest is the gene function analysis in a whole animal instead of a cell culture; the transfection is applied with the hydrodynamic technique and the conclusions are withdrawn from the whole animal. The study of DNA sequences can be achieved with HGD, where promoters, introns, enhancers, suppressors can be delivered intracellular in whole animal. Moreover new animal models are possible to be created for study human diseases, mainly viral due to the fact that they are species specific
S100P Dissociates Myosin IIA Filaments and Focal Adhesion Sites to Reduce Cell Adhesion and Enhance Cell Migration (2012)

S100 proteins promote cancer cell migration and metastasis. To investigate their roles in the process of migration we have constructed inducible systems for S100P in rat mammary and human HeLa cells that show a linear relationship between its intracellular levels and cell migration. S100P, like S100A4, differentially interacts with the isoforms of nonmuscle myosin II (NMIIA, K(d) = 0.5 μM; IIB, K(d) = 8 μM; IIC, K(d) = 1.0 μM). Accordingly, S100P dissociates NMIIA and IIC filaments but not IIB in vitro. NMIIA knockdown increases migration in non-induced cells and there is no further increase upon induction of S100P, whereas NMIIB knockdown reduces cell migration whether or not S100P is induced. NMIIC knockdown does not affect S100P-enhanced cell migration. Further study shows that NMIIA physically interacts with S100P in living cells. In the cytoplasm, S100P occurs in discrete nodules along NMIIA-containing filaments. Induction of S100P causes more peripheral distribution of NMIIA filaments. This change is paralleled by a significant drop in vinculin-containing, actin-terminating focal adhesion sites (FAS) per cell. The induction of S100P, consequently, causes significant reduction in cellular adhesion. Addition of a focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor reduces disassembly of FAS and thereby suppresses S100P-enhanced cell migration. In conclusion, this work has demonstrated a mechanism whereby the S100P-induced dissociation of NMIIA filaments leads to a weakening of FAS, reduced cell adhesion, and enhanced cell migration, the first major step in the metastatic cascade.
Effects of Delta1 and Jagged1 on Early Human Hematopoiesis: Correlation with Expression of Notch Signaling‐Related Genes in CD34 <sup>+</sup> Cells (2006)

It has been shown that Notch signaling mediated by ligands of both Jagged and Delta families expands the hematopoietic stem cell compartment while blocking or delaying terminal myeloid differentiation. Here we show that Delta1- and Jagged1-expressing stromal cells have distinct effects on the clonogenic and differentiation capacities of human CD34(+) CD38(+) cells. Jagged1 increases the number of bipotent colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) and unipotent progenitors (CFU-granulocytes and CFU-macrophages), without quantitatively affecting terminal cell differentiation, whereas Delta1 reduces the number of CFU-GM and differentiated monocytic cells. Expression analysis of genes coding for Notch receptors, Notch targets, and Notch signaling modulators in supernatant CD34(+) cells arising upon contact with Jagged1 and Delta1 shows dynamic and differential gene expression profiles over time. At early time points, modest upregulation of Notch1, Notch3, and Hes1 was observed in Jagged1-CD34(+) cells, whereas those in contact with Delta1 strikingly upregulated Notch3 and Hes1. Later, myeloid progenitors with strong clonogenic potential emerging upon contact with Jagged1 upregulated Notch1 and Deltex and downregulated Notch signaling modulators, whereas T/NK progenitors originated by Delta1 strikingly upregulated Notch3 and Deltex and, to a lesser extent, Hes1, Lunatic Fringe, and Numb. Together, the data unravel previously unrecognized expression patterns of Notch signaling-related genes in CD34(+) CD38(+) cells as they develop in Jagged1- or Delta1-stromal cell environments, which appear to reflect sequential maturational stages of CD34(+) cells into distinct cell lineages.
Low power architecture design and hardware implementations of deblocking filter in H.264/AVC (2011)

An adaptive in-loop deblocking filter (DF) is standardized in H.264/AVC to reduce blocking artifacts and improve compression efficiency. This paper proposes a low power DF architecture with hybrid and intelligent edge skip filtering order. We further adopt a four-stage pipeline to boost the speed of DF process and the proposed Horizontal Edge Skip Processing Architecture (HESPA) offers an edge skip aware mechanism for filtering the horizontal edges that not only reduces power consumption but also reduces the filtering processes down to 100 clock cycles per macroblock (MB). In addition, the architecture utilizes the buffers efficiently to store the temporary data without affecting the standarddefined data dependency by a reasonable strategy of edge filtering order to enhance the reusability of the intermediate data. The system throughput can then be improved and the power consumption can also be reduced. Simulation results show that more than 34% of logic power measured in FPGA can be saved when the proposed HESPA is enabled. Furthermore, the proposed architecture is implemented on a 0.18μm standard cell library, which consumes 19.8K gates at a clock frequency of 200 MHz, which compares competitively with other state-of-the-art works in terms of hardware cost.
Signal processing for smart ultrasonic sensors (2003)

As typical smart sensors, ultrasonic sensors evaluate the information impressed on the propagating ultrasonic signal by the quantities to be sensed. Besides the ultrasonic transmission, reception, and time-dependent amplification, elementary signal processing includes time measurement, time-window evaluation, and phase detection. Flow velocities can be measured with high resolution and independently of the speed of sound using the lambda-locked loop (LLL). With echo profiles, advanced techniques such as object recognition by partial echoes are possible. These can be enhanced by deconvolution or inverse filtered transmission with respect to the normal echo of a plane surface. Similarly, objects and positions are recognized by using their echo profiles as the normal echo. For echo profiles from different positions (sensor in motion or in arrays), lateral structures are resolved by synthetic aperture or holography. The development of smart ultrasonic sensors will be stimulated by the future VLSI signal processor components. As examples of readily available smart ultrasonic sensors, a range of presence detectors and a heat meter with an LLL flow sensor are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Total synthesis of the hypocholesterolemic agent compactin (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of the hypocholesterolemic agent compactinChi Tung Hsu, Nai Yi Wang, Lee H. Latimer, and Charles J. SihCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 3, 593–601Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00341a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00341a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views418Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts