gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Significance of Estrogen Receptor β Agonists in Gliomas (2012)

Gliomas are the most common and devastating central nervous system neoplasms. A gender bias exists in their development: females are at lower risk than males, implicating estrogen-mediated protective effects. Estrogen functions are mediated by two estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes: ERα, which functions as tumor promoter, and ERβ, which functions as tumor suppressor. We examined the potential use of ERβ agonists as a novel therapeutic to curb the growth of gliomas. Western analysis of six glioma model cells showed detectable expression of ERβ with little or no ERα. Treatment of glioma cells with ERβ agonists resulted in significant decrease in proliferation. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues revealed that ERβ expression is downregulated in high-grade gliomas. We found that ERβ agonists promote both expression and tumor-suppressive functions of ERβ in glioma cells. Liquiritigenin, a plant-derived ERβ agonist significantly reduced in vivo tumor growth in a xenograft model. Compared with control mice, animals treated with liquiritigenin had greater than 50% reduction in tumor volume and size. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumors revealed a significant increase in the nuclear ERβ expression with a concomitant decrease in cell proliferation in the liquiritigenin-treated group. Our results suggest that ERβ signaling has a tumor-suppressive function in gliomas. Because ERβ agonists are currently in clinical trials and are well tolerated with fewer side effects, identification of an ERβ agonist as a therapeutic agent can be readily extended to clinical use with current chemotherapies, providing an additional tool for enhancing survival in glioma patients.
HELM: Conflict-free active measurement scheduling for shared network resource management (2015)

Network resource measurement is a key functionality for large scale network management. Intelligent, network-aware applications may benefit from access to detailed representations of network resources, including multi-layer topologies and real-time traffic measurement, and shared resources may obtain better overall utilization by identifying performance bottlenecks. In this study, we describe a network measurement framework, which includes a network topology analysis mechanism as well as agent tools for running active probes and collecting data from end hosts. The system includes a centralized coordinator, which abstracts network elements into annotated network graphs and applies scheduling algorithms to calculate conflict free measurement probes over shared links. Our evaluation integrated perfSONAR services into our framework and included deployment scenarios on research and education networks such as Internet2 and ESnet. The data presented in this study offers compelling evidence that supports a method by which to measure the performance of real world networks.
Initial clinical experience with a biofragmentable ring for sutureless bowel anastomosis (1987)

Twenty-seven patients have had bowel anastomoses with a biofragmentable ring for sutureless bowel anastomosis. There were no complications associated with the anastomotic technique. One patient developed an ischemic stricture on the proximal side of the anastomosis due to compromised circulation. There was no leakage. Technical factors regarding the BAR anastomosis are described. A properly placed purse-string suture is of primary importance. Advantages appear to be a more rapid and easy anastomosis with better healing.
Regeneration of Protoplasts of Bacillus subtilis 168 and Closely Related Strains (1986)

Regeneration of protoplasts to bacilli was attempted in several strains of Bacillus closely related to Bacillus subtilis 168. On DM3 and similar media using succinate as osmotic support, only B. subtilis 168 and Bacillus natto ATCC 15245 were able to regenerate. Media containing mannitol as osmotic support, and agar as gelling agent gave rise to L-form colonies with Bacillus licheniformis NCTC 6346. Many of the L-form colonies were able to regenerate to the bacillary form when plated on the mannitol medium solidified with gelatin. All of the Bacillus species tested were able to regenerate on the latter medium at rates sufficient to allow protoplast transformation and fusion experiments.
Liquid dispersion in static in‐line mixers (1983)

Abstract Liquid/liquid dispersion in static mixers has been investigated using Lightnin “In‐liner” mixing elements. The average drop size was found to decrease with increasing residence time, gradually approaching an equilibrium size whose magnitude agrees reasonably well with Kolmogoroff's theory for drop rupture in turbulent flows. The efficiency at which mechanical energy is utilized in the generation of new interfacial area was evaluated as a function of design and operating conditions and was found to be highest when the final drop size is much larger than the achievable equilibrium value.
Identification of sites on the human Fc epsilon RI alpha subunit which are involved in binding human and rat IgE. (1993)

The high affinity IgE Fc receptor (Fc epsilon RI), found on mast cells and basophils, is a tetrameric receptor complex. The extracellular portion of the Fc epsilon RI alpha subunit consists of two immunoglobulin-like domains and binds IgE in the absence of the other subunits. To localize the high affinity IgE binding site within the Fc epsilon RI alpha subunit, we generated a series of chimeric receptor constructs where one of the two immunoglobulin-like domains was either deleted or substituted with those from the human Fc gamma RIIIA alpha or the rat Fc epsilon RI alpha subunit. The chimeric receptors were monitored for their capacity to bind human and rat IgE, and their reactivity with different antireceptor antibodies. Domain I substitutions maintained high affinity human IgE binding. Domain II substitutions resulted in a total loss of both human and rat IgE binding. Single-domain alpha subunits could not bind IgE, suggesting that both extracellular domains are required for proper protein folding or IgE binding. To further localize the IgE binding sites, homolog-scanning mutagenesis was performed. At least three independent regions of domain II encompassing residues 118-129, 136-150, and 148-162 were required for IgE binding. Our results suggest that domain II of the human Fc epsilon RI alpha confers most of the important contributions to the binding of the human IgE Fc molecule, whereas domain I of the rat Fc epsilon RI alpha makes important contributions to the binding of rat IgE.
Polytopal linear retractions (2001)

We investigate graded retracts of polytopal algebras (essentially the homogeneous rings of affine cones over projective toric varieties) as polytopal analogues of vector spaces. In many cases we show that these retracts are again polytopal algebras and that codimension <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="1"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">1</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> retractions factor through retractions preserving the semigroup structure. We expect that these results hold in general. This paper is a part of the project started by the authors in 1999, where we investigate the graded automorphism groups of polytopal algebras. Part of the motivation comes from the observation that there is a reasonable ‘polytopal’ generalization of linear algebra (and, subsequently, that of algebraic <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper K"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">K</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-theory).
Effects of lithium ions on glycogen synthase and phosphorylase in rat hepatocytes. (1986)

Incubation of hepatocytes from fasted rats with LiCl provoked a concentration- and time-dependent activation of glycogen synthase. This effect was observed in the absence of glucose in the incubation medium. No changes in the intracellular concentrations of ATP or glucose-6-phosphate were detected. Lithium was also able to activate glycogen synthase in the absence of extracellular calcium. If hepatocytes were incubated with lithium and insulin, an additive effect of both agents on glycogen synthase activity was observed. LiCl was also effective in activating the enzyme in hepatocytes obtained from fed rats. When hepatocytes were incubated with [33P]phosphate and then treated with LiCl, a decrease in the amount of [32P]phosphate incorporated in the enzyme was observed. This dephosphorylation affected two CNBr fragments of the enzyme (CB-2 and CB-1), suggesting that several phosphorylation sites were involved. Lithium was also able to activate glycogen phosphorylase from both fasted and fed rats. Phosphorylase activation was concentration- and time-dependent, either in the presence or absence of calcium in the incubation medium. These findings demonstrate that although lithium appears to mimic the effects of insulin on glycogen synthase activity, its mechanism of action must be different from that of the hormone.
30.3: Gen 7 FPD Inkjet Equipment — Development Status (2005)

Abstract Inkjet printing has been proven as having the highest Performance to Cost ratio in the wide format graphics, personal desktop document and photo printing markets. Litrex Corporation believes inkjet printing has this same advantage in large FPD manufacturing. Progress in the design of a Gen 7 machine and its application to several LCD processes will be discussed.
The anaesthetic machine, circuits and gas supplies (1992)

Anaesthesia equipment is becoming more elaborate, but the anaesthetist may not be keeping up with this equipment. Yet it is essential to do so, for faults and hazards are still occurring at all equipment levels, and the best safeguard for the patient is unceasing vigilance.
RESPONSE OF HIERACIUM IN TWO LONG TERM MANIPULATIVE AGRICULTURAL TRIALS (1993)

Summary: Hieracium, or hawkweed species, serious weeds in South Island high country, may be controlled by appropriate pastoral management. Experimental trials at Lake Tekapo, related to S and P fertiliser rates of 0-100 kg ha-l yr-l, 27 different combinations of over-drilled and resident species and different seasons or intensities of grazing treatments on Hieracium dominated fescue tussock were conducted. These were monitored for 9 years in terms of fertiliser inputs used, sheep stocking rates, and vegetation changes. Hieracium decreased or disappeared under high fertiliser and sowing inputs, but remained an increasingly important component under successively lower fertiliser inputs.
On Developing a Microstructurally and Thermally Stable Iron-Nickel Base Superalloy (1988)

Recent advances in the jet engine industry are placing new demands for an alloy which exhibits the excellent fabricability and heat resistant properties of IN718, but which is not hampered by the alloy's relatively low temperature ceiling. This ceiling is imposed by the microstructural instabilities that occur fairly rapidly at these higher temperatures. Seven new iron-nickel base superalloy compositions were designed to study the effect of systematically changing the Al, Ti, and Nb contents on the microstructural stability and long term elevated temperature mechanical properties. Rockwell hardness, tensile, and creep/stress rupture tests were performed on these alloys to determine their extended elevated temperature properties, while optical, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray diffractometry were used to analyze their phase stability. Increasing the Al + Nb content and the Al/% ratio in the alloy was found to (1) produce more of the stable y' phase and less of the brittle 6 phase, and (2) enhance the mechanical properties of the alloy. Preliminary results indicate that the alloy containing a greater Al + Nb content and Al/Ti ratio is more stable than Inconel 718.
Design of a Control System for an Autonomous Vehicle Based on Adaptive-PID (2012)

The autonomous vehicle is a mobile robot integrating multi-sensor navigation and positioning, intelligent decision making and control technology. This paper presents the control system architecture of the autonomous vehicle, called “Intelligent Pioneer”, and the path tracking and stability of motion to effectively navigate in unknown environments is discussed. In this approach, a two degree-of-freedom dynamic model is developed to formulate the path-tracking problem in state space format. For controlling the instantaneous path error, traditional controllers have difficulty in guaranteeing performance and stability over a wide range of parameter changes and disturbances. Therefore, a newly developed adaptive-PID controller will be used. By using this approach the flexibility of the vehicle control system will be increased and achieving great advantages. Throughout, we provide examples and results from Intelligent Pioneer and the autonomous vehicle using this approach competed in the 2010 and 2011 Future Challenge of China. Intelligent Pioneer finished all of the competition programmes and won first position in 2010 and third position in 2011.
Self-registering plug-ins: an architecture for extensible software (2006)

Extensibility and flexibility are essential characteristics of today's software. A common technique that offers these vital features is the concept of plug-ins, in which additional components are able to easily "plug" into the application on-demand to provide extra features or functionality. Plug-ins are indispensable in software as they offer tremendous advantages in terms of giving the application simplified means to keep pace with today's rapidly changing technology. This paper describes a powerful and flexible plug-in architecture, which builds upon an improved version of the pluggable factories design pattern. The framework for the plug-in architecture in this paper consists of a registry implemented via a map that would contain a reference to each plug-in, which is used to create instances of it upon request. The plug-in is automatically self-registered at start-up before any code is executed by using static instantiation. Thus, new plug-ins are dynamically recognized without any interference from the user.
Yap1 and Skn7 Control Two Specialized Oxidative Stress Response Regulons in Yeast (1999)

Yap1 and Skn7 are two yeast transcriptional regulators that co-operate to activate thioredoxin (TRX2) and thioredoxin reductase (TRR1) in response to redox stress signals. Although they are both important for resistance to H2O2, only Yap1 is important for cadmium resistance, whereas Skn7 has a negative effect upon this response. The respective roles of Yap1 and Skn7 in the induction of defense genes by H2O2 were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Yap1 controls a large oxidative stress response regulon of at least 32 proteins. Fifteen of these proteins also require the presence of Skn7 for their induction by H2O2. Although about half of the Yap1 target genes do not contain a consensus Yap1 recognition motif, the control of one such gene, TSA1, involves the binding of Yap1 and Skn7 to its promoter in vitro. The co-operative control of the oxidative stress response by Yap1 and Skn7 delineates two gene subsets. Remarkably, these two gene subsets separate antioxidant scavenging enzymes from the metabolic pathways regenerating the main cellular reducing power, glutathione and NADPH. Such a specialization may explain, at least in part, the dissociated function of Yap1 and Skn7 in H2O2 and cadmium resistance.
Coordination of multiple AGVs in an industrial application (2008)

In this paper we propose a methodology for coordinating a group of mobile robots following predefined paths in a dynamic industrial environment. Coordination diagrams are used for representing the possible collisions among the robots. Exploiting the structure of the industrial application we are dealing with, we propose an algorithm for efficiently composing the coordination diagram. Furthermore, we classify the possible collisions that can take place and the induced geometry of the resulting coordination diagram. Finally, we exploit this information for developing a planning algorithm that allows to coordinate the robots and to take into account unexpected events that can occur in an industrial environment.
Frequency of Ventricular Fibrillation as a Predictor of Defibrillation Success During Cardiac Surgery (1994)

The purpose of this study was to record median frequency of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery, and to assess whether defibrillation success depends upon median VF frequency. Data were collected from 20 patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass grafting. Using computerized fast Fourier transformation of the signal from the electrogram, median VF frequency was assessed from onset of VF until aortic cross-clamping and during the 4-s period immediately before each defibrillation during the reperfusion phase. During VF, when an adequate coronary perfusion was maintained by cardiopulmonary bypass prior to aortic cross-clamping, median VF frequency (5.8 +/- 0.1 Hz to 6.2 +/- 0.1 Hz) remained constant for the entire observation interval (96 +/- 25 s; mean +/- SEM). A total of 42 defibrillations were performed: 22 resulted in supraventricular rhythm, 10 in VF, 6 in asystole, and 4 in electromechanical dissociation (EMD). Median VF frequency before defibrillation resulting in supraventricular rhythm was 4.7 +/- 0.17 Hz. In contrast, median VF frequencies before unsuccessful defibrillation resulting in persistent VF (3.5 +/- 0.28 Hz; P < 0.05), EMD (2.9 +/- 0.15 Hz; P < 0.01), or asystole (2.8 +/- 0.28 Hz; P < 0.01) were significantly lower. Above a threshold of 3.0 Hz, the probability of successful defibrillation increased as median VF frequency increased. The probability of success was 100% at a frequency of > or = 5.5 Hz. We conclude that median VF frequency is a reliable noninvasive variable which can be used to predict defibrillation success during the reperfusion phase after cardiac surgery.
Using parallel string matching algorithms for contour based 2-D shape recognition (2002)

A parallel computation approach to two-dimensional shape recognition is proposed and illustrated. The approach uses parallel techniques for contour extraction, parallel computation of normalized contour-based feature strings independent of scale and orientation, and parallel string-matching algorithms. The string matching can be applied in a manner independent of rotation. An implementation on the exclusive read, exclusive write parallel random access memory (EREW PRAM) architecture is discussed, but it can be adapted to other parallel architectures. An illustrated example is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Two-Hit Model of Autism (2014)

Adolescence brings dramatic changes in behavior and neural organization. Unfortunately, for some 30% of individuals with autism, there is marked decline in adaptive functioning during adolescence. We propose a two-hit model of autism. First, early perturbations in neural development function as a "first hit" that sets up a neural system that is "built to fail" in the face of a second hit. Second, the confluence of pubertal hormones, neural reorganization, and increasing social demands during adolescence provides the "second hit" that interferes with the ability to transition into adult social roles and levels of adaptive functioning. In support of this model, we review evidence about adolescent-specific neural and behavioral development in autism. We conclude with predictions and recommendations for empirical investigation about several domains in which developmental trajectories for individuals with autism may be uniquely deterred in adolescence.
Selepressin, a New V1A Receptor Agonist (2013)

Selepressin is a new selective vasopressin V1a agonist for treatment of vasodilatory hypotension in shock. Its effect on coronary and aortic blood flow, hemodynamics, and electrocardiogram as an indication of drug safety in healthy dogs was compared with arginine vasopressin (AVP). Eight dogs were fasted, anesthetized, intubated, and ventilated. Following thoracotomy, coronary and aortic blood flows were monitored, left ventricular and peripheral arterial blood pressures were measured, and electrocardiogram was recorded. Selepressin or AVP was administered by dose-escalating infusions (1-300, 0.3-100 ng · kg(-1) · min(-1), respectively). Drug formulation analysis and plasma bioanalysis confirmed exposure. For each dose level, hemodynamic parameters, drug potency, and efficacy were determined. Selepressin and AVP induced a similar increase in mean blood pressure (+13% to 18%), a moderate decrease in aortic blood flow (-40% to 45%), and a slight decrease in coronary blood flow (-16% to 22%). These vasopressors displayed similar hemodynamic characteristics, with peripheral vasoconstriction and decreased aortic blood flow being more pronounced than the increase in coronary resistance and decrease in coronary blood flow. Importantly, selepressin bore no relevant coronary ischemic liability, suggesting that V1a receptor agonists are a potential pharmacological target for treatment of vasodilatory hypotension in shock.
Application of statistical experimental strategies to the process optimization of waterborne polyurethane (1995)

Abstract A modified acetone process for the preparation of aqueous polyurethane (PU) dispersion is investigated. PU dispersions were prepared by polyaddition of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) to poly(tetramethylene ether glycol) (PTMG) and dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), followed by neutralization of pendant COOH groups with triethylamine (TEA). The resulting prepolymer chain was then extended through reaction with an ethylenediamine (EDA) derivative bearing sulfonate groups. The effect of such preparation conditions as catalyst (dibutyltin dilaurate, DBTDL) concentration, the acetone/PU ratio, phase‐inversion temperature, agitation rate, and water‐addition rate on the average particle size of aqueous PU anionomer dispersions is systematically studied using fractional factorial design and response surface methodology. Fractional factorial analysis indicates that the effects of the acetone/PU ratio, phase‐inversion temperature, water‐addition rate as well as the two factor interactions of DBTDL concentration and phase‐inversion temperature, of the acetone/PU ratio and phase‐inversion temperature, and of acetone/PU ratio and agitation rate are the key variables influencing average particle size of PU dispersions. Empirical models for average particle size are fitted and plotted using central composite experimental design as contour diagrams in order to facilitate examination of the average particle size results. The results show that for a 100 g PU anionomer containing 0.311 wt % COOH and 1.51 wt % SO 3 H groups, a minimum number‐average particle size of the dispersion ∼ 25 nm can be obtained under an acetone/PU ratio, water‐addition rate, phase‐inversion temperature, catalyst concentration, and agitation rate of 3.65, 2 mL/min, 50°C, 150 ppm and 350 rpm, respectively.
AMICAL: An interactive high level synthesis environment (2002)

The AMICAL architectural synthesis system starts with a behavioral specification given in VHDL, performs both scheduling and allocation, and generates a structural description that may feed existing silicon compilers acting at the logic and RT levels. All the synthesis algorithms are implemented as part of an interactive synthesis environment, where automatic and manual design may be mixed. Experiments have shown that the use of AMICAL leads to the best known solutions for most benchmarks. These solutions may be obtained by mixing automatic and manual design or by the use of an automatic exploration of the design space. The response time of AMICAL is reasonably short making it a genuine interactive system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>