gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A system to distribute real-time operational data utilizing existing public communications infrastructure (2002)

With competition among electric utilities looming on the horizon, information and the flow thereof becomes more and more important to the operation (and survival) of electric cooperatives, In particular, the flow of real-time operational data from SCADA systems has, and will continue to have, a great impact on the reliable and economical operation of electric power systems. Yet, cooperative's ability to implement leading-edge information systems is often limited by staffing and budgetary constraints. By leveraging existing, readily available communications technologies (such as alphanumeric paging and the Internet), a cooperative can develop systems to deliver near-real-time operational data to field personnel at low cost. This paper describes the system that an Arkansas generation and transmission cooperative has developed to share real-time information with its member rural electric distribution cooperatives.
The Win1 Mitotic Regulator Is a Component of the Fission Yeast Stress-activated Sty1 MAPK Pathway (1998)

The fission yeast Sty1 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (MAPK) and its activator the Wis1 MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) are required for cell cycle control, initiation of sexual differentiation, and protection against cellular stress. Like the mammalian JNK/SAPK and p38/CSBP1 MAPKs, Sty1 is activated by a range of environmental insults including osmotic stress, hydrogen peroxide, UV light, menadione, heat shock, and the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin. We have recently identified two upstream regulators of the Wis1 MAPKK, namely the Wak1 MAPKKK and the Mcs4 response regulator. Cells lacking Mcs4 or Wak1, however, are able to proliferate under stressful conditions and undergo sexual differentiation, suggesting that additional pathway(s) control the Wis1 MAPKK. We now show that this additional signal information is provided, at least in part, by the Win1 mitotic regulator. We show that Wak1 and Win1 coordinately control activation of Sty1 in response to multiple environmental stresses, but that Wak1 and Win1 perform distinct roles in the control of Sty1 under poor nutritional conditions. Our results suggest that the stress-activated Sty1 MAPK integrates information from multiple signaling pathways.
Improving the Performance of Generalized Predictive Control for Nonlinear Processes (2010)

This paper presents a unique method for improving the performance of the generalized predictive control (GPC) algorithm for controlling nonlinear systems which can be extended to other forms of predictive controllers. This method is termed adaptive generalized predictive control (AGPC) which uses a multidimensional workspace of the nonlinear plant to recalculate the controller parameters every sampling instant. This results in a more accurate process prediction and improved closed-loop performance over the original GPC algorithm. The AGPC controller was tested in simulation, and its control performance was compared to GPC on several nonlinear plants with different degrees of nonlinearity. Practical testing and comparisons were performed on a steel cylinder temperature control system. Simulation and experimental results show that the adaptive generalized predictive controller provided improved closed-loop performance over GPC. The formulation of the multidimensional workspace can be readily applied to other advanced control strategies making the methodology generic.
In vitro anti-complementary activity of flavonoids from olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves. (1996)

From extracts of olive (Olea europaea L., Oleaceae) leaves showing anti-complementary activity, the flavonoids apigenin, apigenin-4'-O-rhamnosylglucoside, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, luteolin, luteolin-4'-O-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, chrysoeriol, chrysoeriol-7-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside were isolated. Major isolated constituents strongly inhibited the classical pathway of the complement system.
Optimization of an autonomous vehicle dispatch system in an underground mine (2005)

The mining industry can greatly benefit from automation. A great deal of work has been done on this subject and is still ongoing. With automation comes the possibility for optimization, because more information is available, and actions can be repeated with more accuracy. Many factors in an underground environment make mining automation a challenging prospect. These factors include the difficulty and cost of installing the needed infrastructure. The work described in this dissertation focuses on a mining setup where vehicles such as LHDs and trucks are used to collect and transport ore underground. Considerable progress has been made in automating underground vehicles, and successful tests have been done underground. The next obvious step is to find ways of using the increased data to optimize the decisions that are made with regards to the dispatching of the vehicles. Possible solutions to the problem of optimizing the autonomous vehicle dispatch system in an underground mine are investigated. Possible optimization strategies are evaluated using a simulated environment. In the simulated environment a block cave mine is modelled, and the simulation setup is discussed in detail. The operation of a block cave mine as it is operated currently is simulated to obtain a benchmark for the evaluation of further results. The simulation results for the developed strategies are evaluated against specific criteria, and indicate definite improvements on current methods used in mines. Some important things that must be kept in mind for the physical implementation of the dispatching strategies, as well as mining automation in general, are also discussed.
MASS CONTROLLED ELECTRODYNAMIC MICROPHONES: THE RIBBON MICROPHONE (1931)

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Very high-speed wavelength switching capability Franz-Keldysh electroabsorption DFB lasers (2005)

Summary for only given. We describe a very fast wavelength tuning capability (13 ps) DFB laser with an intracavity Franz-Keldysh (F-K) electroabsorptive section. The DFB laser comprises two gain sections and an intracavity F-K section providing wavelength control by an applied voltage.
Prediction of drug solubility from molecular structure using a drug-like training set (2008)

Using a training set of 191 drug-like compounds extracted from the AQUASOL database a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study was conducted employing a set of simple structural and physicochemical properties to predict aqueous solubility. The resultant regression model comprised five parameters (ClogP, molecular weight, indicator variable for aliphatic amine groups, number of rotatable bonds and number of aromatic rings) and demonstrated acceptable statistics (r2 = 0.87, s = 0.51, F = 243.6, n = 191). The model was applied to two test sets consisting of a drug-like set of compounds (r2 = 0.80, s = 0.68, n = 174) and a set of agrochemicals (r2 = 0.88, s = 0.65, n = 200). Using the established general solubility equation (GSE) on the training and drug-like test set gave poorer results than the current study. The agrochemical test set was predicted with equal accuracy using the GSE and the QSPR equation. The results of this study suggest that increasing molecular size, rigidity and lipophilicity decrease solubility whereas increasing conformational flexibility and the presence of a non-conjugated amine group increase the solubility of drug-like compounds. Indeed, the proposed structural parameters make physical sense and provide simple guidelines for modifying solubility during lead optimisation.
Development and use of a PCR assay to detect <i>Rhizoctonia cerealis</i> , the cause of sharp eyespot in wheat (1996)

Random amplified polymorphic DNA assays were carried out on a range of isolates of Rhizoctonia cerealis to identify markers common to all isolates. Two fragments were isolated, cloned and used to probe Southern blots of DNA from R. cerealis and isolates from a range of anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia solani. The two fragments hybridized specifically to DNA of R. cerealis and not to DNA of any of the isolates of R. solani. Both fragments were partially sequenced and two pairs of primers were generated for use in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Amplification of a fragment of the anticipated size occurred following PCR of all isolates of R. cerealis and not from any of a range of fungal species associated with disease of the stem base of cereals. The primer pairs for R. cerealis were also used, along with those for Microdochium nivale and W and R‐type of Pseudocercosporell herpotrichoides , to deled these pathogens in extracts from field‐grown wheat plants exhibiting symptoms of sharp eyespot, eyespot, foot rot or a combination of the diseases. No relationship was found between visual disease assessment of sharp eyespot at growth stage 37 and the results of PCR However, the results of PCR and visual disease assessment at growth stage 75 were similar, indicating that visual disease assessment may not be reliable until later growth stages. This system offers the potential to detect the presence of R. cerealis in cereals and avoid problems commonly associated with conventional diagnosis of this disease and isolation of the pathogen.
ISWI Remodels Nucleosomes through a Random Walk (2014)

The chromatin remodeler ISWI is capable of repositioning clusters of nucleosomes to create well-ordered arrays or moving single nucleosomes from the center of DNA fragments toward the ends without disrupting their integrity. Using standard electrophoresis assays, we have monitored the ISWI-catalyzed repositioning of different nucleosome samples each containing a different length of DNA symmetrically flanking the initially centrally positioned histone octamer. We find that ISWI moves the histone octamer between distinct and thermodynamically stable positions on the DNA according to a random walk mechanism. Through the application of a spectrophotometric assay for nucleosome repositioning, we further characterized the repositioning activity of ISWI using short nucleosome substrates and were able to determine the macroscopic rate of nucleosome repositioning by ISWI. Additionally, quantitative analysis of repositioning experiments performed at various ISWI concentrations revealed that a monomeric ISWI is sufficient to obtain the observed repositioning activity as the presence of a second ISWI bound had no effect on the rate of nucleosome repositioning. We also found that ATP hydrolysis is poorly coupled to nucleosome repositioning, suggesting that DNA translocation by ISWI is not energetically rate-limiting for the repositioning reaction. This is the first calculation of a microscopic ATPase coupling efficiency for nucleosome repositioning and also further supports our conclusion that a second bound ISWI does not contribute to the repositioning reaction.
Differential contact of disparate class I/peptide complexes as the basis for epitope cross-recognition by a single T cell receptor (1997)

In an effort to better understand functional recognition of structurally dissimilar ligands by a single TCR, a model system for studying cross-recognition of disparate peptide/class I complexes was developed using the murine (H-2b) CTL clone AHIII12.2, which is reactive to a human self-peptide (p1049) bound to an HLA-A2.1 molecule. We identified a second complex comprised of a synthetic peptide, designated p1058, bound to H-2Db that is recognized by clone AHIII12.2. In cytolysis assays, dose-response profiles for peptides p1049 and p1058 pulsed onto the appropriate target cells were comparable, suggesting that p1049/A2.1 and p1058/Db form functionally equivalent epitopes. To probe the interaction between each complex and the TCR of AHIII12.2, singly substituted analogues of each peptide were tested for their activity in lysis assays. Differences were observed between the two epitopes with respect to permissible residue substitutions at each peptide position from P3 to P8; marked differences were evident at P3 and at P8. The results obtained suggest that this TCR forms critical contacts with atoms at peptide positions P3 and P5 of p1049/A2.1 and at P5 and P8 of p1058/Db, and that TCR cross-recognition of these ligands is a function of both shared and complex-specific contacts made with each epitope. These findings further highlight the versatile reactivity that may be shown by a single TCR and suggest a basis for the recognition of peptide ligands sharing only a limited set of structural features.
Direct growth of MoS <sub>2</sub> single crystals on polyimide substrates (2017)

Two dimensional (2D) materials are optimum building blocks for flexible electronics due to their outstanding electrical and mechanical properties and ultimately atomically-thin structures. Unfortunately, to date, flexible electronics based on high quality 2D monolayers can only be obtained by various transfer technologies—processes that risk contamination and damage of 2D crystals. Here, we report a simple chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to directly grow monolayer MoS2 single crystals on polyimide (PI) substrates using ammonium molybdate as a precursor. Growth is performed at 450 °C, at which temperature PI is still insulating and flexible. A Flexible photodetector was built directly on the MoS2/PI and showed strong photoresponse. This is the first successful application of a scalable synthesis method (CVD) on a polymeric substrate. Our research represents an important step toward scalable fabrication of 2D flexible electronics.
Evaluation of the impact of light scatter from glistenings in pseudophakic eyes (2013)

Mathematical modeling demonstrated that glistenings in IOLs will lead to reduction in the MTF of the IOL and the pseudophakic eye. The loss in MTF was more pronounced at high densities and small cavitation sizes across all biomaterials. Inconsistent and poor clinical quantification of glistenings in IOLs may explain some inconsistencies in the literature.
435. Syntheses and reactions of mordenite (1948)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
A novel IMB technology for integrating active and passive components (2002)

In this study a novel integrated module board (IMB) technology which is used for integrating both active and passive components into ultra-high density printed wiring boards is presented. This non-vacuum and solderless technology is based on a photodefinable epoxy and fully additive electroless plating process. Conductive metals such as copper and nickel are chemically deposited onto photodefined wiring tracks and I/O pads of embedded active components. The IMB technology enables short conductor line lengths, small line pitches (<50 /spl mu/m) and very high packaging density. In this manner functional modules with good electrical performance and high reliability can be achieved. Passive components such as resistors, inductors and capacitors are fabricated into the substrate during the multilayer printed wiring board fabrication process. The electrical measurements of passive components are also presented and briefly discussed.
Providing a Structured Method for Integrating Non-Speech Audio into Human-Computer Interfaces (1994)

This thesis provides a framework for integrating non-speech sound into human-computer interfaces. Previously there was no structured way of doing this, it was done in an ad hoc manner by individual designers. This led to ineffective uses of sound. In order to add sounds to improve usability two questions must be answered: What sounds should be used and where is it best to use them? With these answers a structured method for adding sound can be created. An investigation of earcons as a means of presenting information in sound was undertaken. A series of detailed experiments showed that earcons were effective, especially if musical timbres were used. Parallel earcons were also investigated (where two earcons are played simultaneously) and an experiment showed that they could increase sound presentation rates. From these results guidelines were drawn up for designers to use when creating usable earcons. These formed the first half of the structured method for integrating sound into interfaces. An informal analysis technique was designed to investigate interactions to identify situations where hidden information existed and where non-speech sound could be used to overcome the associated problems. Interactions were considered in terms of events, status and modes to find hidden information. This information was then categorised in terms of the feedback needed to present it. Several examples of the use of the technique were presented. This technique formed the second half of the structured method. The structured method was evaluated by testing sonically-enhanced scrollbars, buttons and windows. Experimental results showed that sound could improve usability by increasing performance, reducing time to recover from errors and reducing workload. There was also no increased annoyance due to the sound. Thus the structured method for integrating sound into interfaces was shown to be effective when applied to existing interface widgets.
Medical Complications in Violence-Induced Spinal Cord Injury (1999)

The purpose of this article is to discuss the incidence and management of associated medical issues in individuals with spinal cord injury of violent etiology. Penetrating wounds carry a heavy prognosis, and coexisting injuries along with posttraumatic complications increase the likelihood of morbidity and mortality. Medical professionals must become increasingly familiar with the management challenges encountered in this population. A systems approach utilizing a specialized team of health care providers and delivered over the continuum of care, from the accident scene throughout long-term follow-up is advocated.
Two distinct mutations in a single dystrophin gene: Identification of an altered splice‐site as the primary becker muscular dystrophy mutation (1993)

A single base change in the 5' splice-site of intron 19 has been identified as the cause of the Becker muscular dystrophy in a family which had previously been deduced to carry both a major deletion and another, at that stage unidentified, mutation in the same dystrophin gene [Laing et al., 1992]. RNA from a muscle biopsy of one of the Becker muscular dystrophy patients in the family was analysed using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to study the mature gene transcript. Exon 19 was deleted from the dystrophin mRNA but present at the genomic level. The loss of exon 19 in the mature mRNA was found to be associated with an A to C mutation in the 5' splice site of intron 19. Deletion of exon 19 should alter the reading frame of the mRNA and be associated with a severe form of muscular dystrophy; however, low levels of normal-size dystrophin message and dystrophin were present in this patient. The distance between the splice-site mutation and the secondary deletion in the dystrophin gene is such that it would seem unlikely that the initial base change could act as a premutation for the deletion. Specific primers to detect the splice-site mutation have been designed and used to genotype all relatives.
Characterization of a novel leucocyte activation antigen recognized by the antibody CMRF‐37 (1994)

We describe a novel activation antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody CMRF-37, which is absent or only weakly expressed on resting cells but is rapidly induced on T cells, B cells and monocytes following stimulation. Its kinetics of expression (12-24 h after the addition of the inductive signal) indicate that it is an early activation antigen. The cellular distribution and expression kinetics of the CMRF-37 antigen differ from other known activation antigens and as such should be a useful marker of human leucocyte activation.
Integrating Food Production into Nature's Biogeochemical Cycles (1976)

Elements such as nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur occur in the biosphere in a variety of chemical forms, each subject to biological or spontaneous conversion to other forms. In natural ecosystems such as grasslands and forests, these “cycles” operate very efficiently. The cycling of nitrogen in grassland is used to illustrate the conservative nature of natural systems. Food production, practiced on an extensive basis with minimum inputs and careful management may have minimum disruptive effects on local geochemical cycles, particularly if food is processed and consumed locally. Intensive agriculture, with its large energy inputs, and high yields, accompanied by extreme urbanization and remote food processing, induces major changes in local cycling. The localized effects of food production and processing have become a problem in industrialized countries which too often depend on food production, processing, and waste-treatment systems developed when the degree of intensification was much less than now, and when our understanding of ecosystems was only beginning. We should be using our knowledge to develop systems more compatible with the inevitable requirements of nature. Some examples are given to indicate the direction which these developments might take.
HLA-A*0201 presents TAP-dependent peptide epitopes to cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the absence of tapasin (1998)

Tapasin is a 48-kDa endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident glycoprotein that binds to the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and mediates an interaction between TAP and newly synthesized MHC class I molecules. It is also essential for the proper antigen presenting function of HLA-A*0101 (HLA-A1), HLA-A*0801 (HLA-B8) and HLA-B*4402 (HLA-B4402). We show here that while tapasin is required for HLA-A*0201 (HLA-A2) molecules to bind to TAP, its absence does not block the presentation of HLA-A2-restricted TAP-dependent epitopes to cytotoxic T lymphocytes indicating that, unlike HLA-A1, HLA-B8 and HLA-B4402, HLA-A2 has access to the TAP-dependent peptide pool even in the absence of tapasin. Nevertheless, the overall efficiency with which HLA-A2 was loaded with optimal, stabilizing peptides was impaired in the cell line .220, resulting in a significant increase in the fraction of HLA-A2 molecules being released from the ER in a "peptide-receptive" state.