gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Augmented Serum Amyloid A1/2 Mediated by TNF-induced NF-κB in Human Serous Ovarian Epithelial Tumors (2017)

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) is well known to be involved in the immune system and ovarian inflammation. Ovarian cancer is an inflammation-related malignancy that lacks early screening strategies, resulting in late diagnosis followed by high mortality. Based on our previous data, TNF induced abundant serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute phase protein linked to inflammation, in ovarian granulosal cells. To date, the regulation and expression of SAA in ovarian cancer is not fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the relationship between TNF and SAA by comparing human normal ovarian tissues and serous ovarian tumors. We found that SAA1/2 was significantly expressed in tumor tissues, but no or trace expression levels in normal tissues. TNF was also significantly upregulated in ovarian tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. Moreover, TNF significantly increased SAA1/2 levels in human ovarian cancer cell lines, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3, in a time-dependent manner. Since the SAA1 promoter contains two nuclear factor (NF)-κB sites, we examined whether TNF regulates SAA1 promoter activity. Deletion analysis revealed that the proximal NF-κB site (-95/-85) played a critical role in regulating TNF-induced SAA1 promoter activity. Within 2 h after intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide, a product known to stimulate release of TNF, SAA preferably localized to ovarian epithelial cells and the thecal-interstitial layers compared to granulosal cell layers. Based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, SAA1/2 and TNF were dominantly expressed in advanced grade ovarian cancer. Taken together, the accumulation of SAA1/2 in ovarian cancer could be mediated by TNF-induced NF-κB activation.
Holistic and partial face recognition in the MWIR Band using manual and automatic detection of face-based features (2012)

Most of the benchmark face recognition (FR) approaches are designed to depend upon the usage of holistic or texture-based features of the human face. Here we present a new approach to the problem of middle-wave infrared (MWIR) facial recognition that realizes the full potential of the MWIR band. It consists, first, of a fully automated standardization of MWIR images prior to feature extraction through: skin segmentation, eye detection, inter-ocular and geometric normalization of our entire face dataset. Then, a statistically-based physiological feature extraction algorithm is used that is tailored to MWIR phenomenology: infrared-based features are extracted that consist of wrinkles, veins, edges, and perimeters of facial characteristics using anisotropic diffusion and top hat segmentation. At the next step, fiducial points are detected either manually, or automatically using different detectors such as a fingerprint-based minutiae detector, the Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) detector, and the Speeded Up Robust Feature (SURF) detector. Finally, face matching is performed, utilizing fiducial points originally detected: end points and branch points on the face are filtered using the maximum pixel distance allowed between two matching points. Matching experiments are performed by using either the whole or sub-regions of the human face. Facial matching results on holistic faces emphasize the importance of data pre-processing as we achieve a rank-1 accuracy of at least 95%, independent of the fiducial point extraction method employed.
Cross-phase modulation in dispersive fibers: theoretical and experimental investigation of the impact of modulation frequency (1994)

We investigated, theoretically and experimentally, the impact of modulation frequency on cross-phase modulation (XPM) in dispersive fibers. A simple expression for the XPM index has been derived and verified by experiment. The XPM index is found to depend on fiber length, fiber chromatic dispersion, wavelength separation between the signal and the pump, and the intensity modulation frequency. At high modulation frequencies, the XPM index is inversely proportional to the product of the modulation frequency and wavelength separation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Abstract 57: 12-Lipoxygenase is a Critical Enzyme Regulating FcyRIIa-Mediated Platelet Activation (2014)

Introduction: FcγRIIa plays a key role in platelet activation mediated by immune complexes containing IgG and platelet factor 4 (PF4) bound to heparin. One of the primary mechanisms by which FcγRIIa mediates it effects in the platelet is through its ITAM motif. 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) has recently been shown to play an important role in regulation of platelet function through GPVI, which also signals in part through an ITAM motif. We therefore hypothesize that 12-LOX can play an important role in regulation of FcγRIIa-mediated platelet activation resulting in aggregation and thrombosis. Identifying the importance of this regulatory interaction is essential for understanding the role of 12-LOX in regulation of hemostasis and thrombosis, and identifying a possible target for prevention of FcγRIIa -induced platelet activation. Objectives: Determine the requirement of 12-LOX activation in FcγRIIa -mediated platelet activation and identify the underlying mechanism by which 12-LOX activation regulates FcγRIIa. Methods: FcγRIIa-mediated Platelet aggregation was measured in washed human platelets and mouse platelets in the presence of a 12-LOX inhibitor or in FcγRIIa +/+ mice crossed with 12-LOX -/- mice. PLCγ and PKC activation were measured in the absence of 12-LOX activity. Additionally, Rap1, calcium, and αIIbβ3 activity was measured in the presence or absence of 12-LOX activity following stimulation of FcγRIIa with CD9 or goat anti-mouse IV.3 antibody (IV.3). Results: Both human and FcγRIIa +/+ mouse platelets were able to fully aggregate following stimulation with CD9 or IV.3. Pharmacological inhibition of 12-LOX or absence of 12-LOX significantly delayed and attenuated platelet aggregation. Additionally, PLCγ, calcium, Rap1 and activation of αIIbβ3 were inhibited. Conclusions: These observations support our hypothesis that 12-LOX is an essential enzyme in the regulation of FcγRIIa-mediated platelet activation. Further investigation of this regulatory pathway will help to confirm 12-LOX as a viable target for inhibition of FcγRIIa and other ITAM-mediated platelet activation.
HDR-Microscopy of Cell Specimens: Imaging and Image Analysis (2007)

Bright field microscopy is applied in both biomedical research and diagnostics. The cellular material is generally imaged with cameras mounted onto the microscope, allowing thus to measure cell properties. However, these cameras exhibit only a limited dynamic range, which makes the quantification of these properties difficult or even impossible. We therefore show how the dynamic range can be increased by acquiring a set of differently exposed images of a specimen. These high dynamic range (HDR) images allow to measure features, which are otherwise difficult to capture, if at all. We show that HDR-microscopy not only increases the dynamic range, but furthermore reduces noise and improves the measurements of colors. We develop HDR microscopy-based algorithms for three different applications essential for early cancer diagnostics, viz, detection of positive cells in immunocytochemical marker stained material, nuclei segmentation in low contrast morphologically stained material, and detection of certain subcellular features, so- called AgNORs, in silver (Ag) stained specimens.
Analyzing feature trajectories for event detection (2007)

We consider the problem of analyzing word trajectories in both time and frequency domains, with the specific goal of identifying important and less-reported, periodic and aperiodic words. A set of words with identical trends can be grouped together to reconstruct an event in a completely un-supervised manner. The document frequency of each word across time is treated like a time series, where each element is the document frequency - inverse document frequency (DFIDF) score at one time point. In this paper, we 1) first applied spectral analysis to categorize features for different event characteristics: important and less-reported, periodic and aperiodic; 2) modeled aperiodic features with Gaussian density and periodic features with Gaussian mixture densities, and subsequently detected each feature's burst by the truncated Gaussian approach; 3) proposed an unsupervised greedy event detection algorithm to detect both aperiodic and periodic events. All of the above methods can be applied to time series data in general. We extensively evaluated our methods on the 1-year Reuters News Corpus [3] and showed that they were able to uncover meaningful aperiodic and periodic events.
Curcumin, a Dietary Component, Has Anticancer, Chemosensitization, and Radiosensitization Effects by Down-regulating the <i>MDM2</i> Oncogene through the PI3K/mTOR/ETS2 Pathway (2007)

The oncoprotein MDM2, a major ubiquitin E3 ligase of tumor suppressor p53, has been suggested as a novel target for human cancer therapy based on its p53-dependent and p53-independent activities. We have identified curcumin, which has previously been shown to have anticancer activity, as an inhibitor of MDM2 expression. Curcumin down-regulates MDM2, independent of p53. In a human prostate cancer cell lines PC3 (p53(null)), curcumin reduced MDM2 protein and mRNA in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and enhanced the expression of the tumor suppressor p21(Waf1/CIP1). The inhibitory effects occur at the transcriptional level and seem to involve the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin/erythroblastosis virus transcription factor 2 pathway. Curcumin induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of PC3 cells in culture, but both MDM2 overexpression and knockdown reduced these effects. Curcumin also inhibited the growth of these cells and enhanced the cytotoxic effects of gemcitabine. When it was administered to tumor-bearing nude mice, curcumin inhibited growth of PC3 xenografts and enhanced the antitumor effects of gemcitabine and radiation. In these tumors, curcumin reduced the expression of MDM2. Down-regulation of the MDM2 oncogene by curcumin is a novel mechanism of action that may be essential for its chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects. Our observations help to elucidate the process by which mitogens up-regulate MDM2, independent of p53, and identify a mechanism by which curcumin functions as an anticancer agent.
Quaternary-substituted hydrocarbons. I. General method of synthesis of hydrocarbons interspersed with four gem-dimethyl units (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuaternary-substituted hydrocarbons. I. General method of synthesis of hydrocarbons interspersed with four gem-dimethyl unitsR. M. Schisla and W. C. HammannCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 10, 3224–3230Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00835a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00835a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tumor Effect‐Site Pharmacokinetics: Mechanisms and Impact on Efficacy (2015)

Abstract Biologics, particularly monoclonal antibodies, form a rapidly growing field of cancer therapeutics. These molecules have exquisite specificity for their targets, thereby reducing off‐target effects. However, there are inherent challenges in managing the pharmacokinetics of biologics. In this chapter, focus on how mechanisms of distribution and efficacy play out at the site of action for cancer biologics: the tumor. The chapter first describes the distribution of antibodies and other macromolecules in tumors comprising the effects of tissue physiology, drug properties, and their interaction. A brief review of fluid transport in healthy and tumor tissues is followed by mechanisms that determine antibody distribution. The chapter details how this distribution ultimately impacts efficacy. It overviews cell‐killing mechanisms leading into a discussion on how particular delivery issues impact each of these strategies.
T<scp>HE</scp>R<scp>OLE OF</scp>P<scp>OLYGALACTURONASE</scp>-I<scp>NHIBITING</scp>P<scp>ROTEINS</scp>(P<scp>GIPS</scp>)<scp>IN</scp>D<scp>EFENSE</scp>A<scp>GAINST</scp>P<scp>ATHOGENIC</scp>F<scp>UNGI</scp> (2001)

Polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) are extracellular plant proteins capable of inhibiting fungal endopolygalacturonases (PGs). Plants have evolved different PGIPs with specific recognition abilities against the many PGs produced by fungi. The genes encoding PGIPs are organized into families, and different members of each family may encode proteins with nearly identical characteristics but different specificities and regulation. PGIPs are typically induced by pathogen infection and stress-related signals. The recognition ability of PGIPs resides in their LRR (leucine-rich repeat) structure, where solvent-exposed residues in the beta-strand/beta-turn motifs of the LRRs are determinants of specificity. Manipulation of the primary structure of PGIPs is expected to generate more efficient PGIPs with novel recognition specificities to protect crop plants against pathogens.
Immunohistochemical comparison of Lea, monosialosyl Lea (CA 19-9), and disialosyl Lea antigens in human colorectal and pancreatic tissues. (1988)

The CA 19-9 antigen is a monosialosyl Lea blood group antigen which has been shown to be a useful tumor-associated antigen for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers. Recently, a sialylated derivative of this antigen, disialosyl Lea, was isolated from a colon cancer liver metastasis and a monoclonal antibody (FH7) recognizing this novel determinant was developed. The present study simultaneously compared the expression of Lea, monosialosyl Lea, and disialosyl Lea antigens in a variety of nonmalignant, premalignant, and malignant tissues of the colorectum and pancreas with an aim toward elucidating whether disialosyl Lea is expressed as a tumor-associated antigen. In normal colonic mucosa, disialosyl Lea expression closely resembled Lea expression in overall frequency, segmental distribution, and cellular localization whereas monosialosyl Lea (CA 19-9) was essentially absent. Along the crypt axis, Lea was more often expressed in goblet cells of the upper crypt whereas disialosyl Lea was found in goblet cells along the entire crypt. Fetal colonic mucosa expressed all three antigens, as did most colorectal cancers regardless of location within the colon or degree of differentiation. The majority of hyperplastic polyps and practically all adenomatous polyps also expressed these three antigens, and in adenomas, antigen expression was independent of polyp size, villous morphology, or degree of dysplasia. In the normal pancreas, the three antigens were expressed on ductal, ductular and centroacinar cells of all specimens. The majority of pancreatic cancers expressed all three antigens. Thus, in the normal colon, the absence of monosialosyl Lea (CA 19-9) in the presence of disialosyl Lea suggests that an alpha 2,6 sialyltransferase is active, which results in the masking of CA 19-9 antigen expression. These results further support the concept that specific sialyltransferases play a role in regulating the expression of tumor-associated antigens.
Use of auditory icons as emergency warnings: evaluation within a vehicle collision avoidance application (1999)

In the context of emergency warnings, auditory icons, which convey information about system events by analogy with everyday events, have the potential to be understood more quickly and easily than abstract sounds. To test this proposal, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the use of auditory icons for an in-vehicle collision avoidance application. Two icons, the sounds of a car horn and of skidding tyres, were compared with two conventional warnings, a simple tone and a voice saying 'ahead'. Participants sat in an experimental vehicle with a road scene projected ahead, and they were required to brake in response to on-screen collision situations and their accompanying warning sounds. The auditory icons produced significantly faster reaction times than the conventional warnings, but suffered from more inappropriate responses, where drivers reacted with a brake press to a non-collision situation. The findings are explained relative to the perceived urgency and inherent meaning of each sound. It is argued that optimal warnings could be achieved by adjusting certain sound attributes of auditory icons, as part of a structured, user-centred design and evaluation procedure.
A Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay for the Quantitation of Human Reaginic Antibody against Ragweed Antigen E (1973)

Abstract IgE antibody directed against antigen E (AgE) of ragweed extract was measured quantitatively in the sera of 15 ragweed sensitive patients before initiation of immunotherapy. The assay employed polystyrene tubes which were successively coated with myeloma IgE and excess rabbit anti-IgE. This matrix which was specific for IgE bound IgE from the patients' serum in a reproducible and measurable manner. Radiolabeled AgE then reacted quantitatively with IgE antibody from the patients' serum which was attached to the solid phase. A double antibody method was developed simultaneously and gave comparable results for sera assayed by both procedures. Total serum IgE and the dose response of histamine release by AgE from washed leukocytes of the patients were also determined. The concentration of IgE anti-AgE in the 15 sera ranged from 3.2 to 400 ng/ml by polystyrene tube assay. Serum IgE ranged from 82 ng to 6 µg/ml and the percentage of the serum IgE specific for AgE varied from 0.3 to 41. Leukocyte sensitivity measured by the reciprocal of the minimum concentration of AgE resulting in release of 50% of the total histamine encompassed a 300-fold range. The level of IgE antibody to AgE was not correlated significantly with total serum IgE. Cell sensitivity varied independently of total serum IgE or nonspecific IgE. A highly significant correlation was found between IgE anti-AgE and cell sensitivity. Leukocyte sensitivity was found to be an exponential function of the serum antibody concentration.
Evidence that rat liver pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase activator protein is a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (1991)

It is shown here that rat liver pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) kinase activator protein (KAP) catalyses ATP-dependent inactivation and [32P]phosphorylation of pig heart PDHE1 and of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) PDH complex devoid of PDH kinase activity, that fluorosulphonylbenzoyladenosine inactivates rat liver KAP and the intrinsic PDH kinase of rat liver PDH complex, and that KAP, like PDH kinase, is inactivated by thiol-reactive reagents. It is concluded that KAP is a free PDH kinase.
Improved Algorithm of Customer Value Comprehensive Evaluation for Power Supply Enterprises (2006)

This paper first defines the concept of customer value, then set up customer value index system and comprehensive evaluation model power supply enterprises. The model adopts the analytic hierarchy process method to determine the weight of each index, and appraises the customer value by gray relational analysis method. The validity of the models is proved with practical example of Xingtai power supply subsidiary.
Total asymmetric transformations at interfaces with centrosymmetric crystals: role of hydrophobic and kinetic effects in the crystallization of the system glycine/.alpha.-amino acids (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal asymmetric transformations at interfaces with centrosymmetric crystals: role of hydrophobic and kinetic effects in the crystallization of the system glycine/.alpha.-amino acidsI. Weissbuch, L. Addadi, L. Leiserowitz, and M. LahavCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 2, 561–567Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00210a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00210a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views464Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Embedding of Micro Thin Film Sensors Into Polycrystaline Cubic Boron Nitride (PCBN) for Potential Tooling Applications Via Diffusion Bonding (2008)

Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) is increasingly being used in manufacturing processes to increase tool life and processing speed. Existing sensors in PCBN tools are unable to provide accurate time- and space-resolved measurements of the thermo-mechanical phenomena at and near the tool-work interface. Using microfabrication techniques along with diffusion bonding, thin film palladium-13wt% chromium (PdCr) alloy micro strain gage sensors were successfully embedded into PCBN structures for potential tooling applications. This article reports on the design, fabrication and characterization of a sensor consisting of three PdCr sensing elements embedded into a PCBN sample. The embedded sensors show good linearity and sensitivity.
Fluorescence-based active site probes for profiling deubiquitinating enzymes (2012)

Novel ubiquitin-based active site probes including a fluorescent tag have been developed and evaluated. A new, functionalizable electrophilic trap is utilized allowing for late stage diversification of the probe. Attachment of fluorescent dyes allowed direct detection of endogenous deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) activities in cell extracts by in-gel fluorescence imaging.