gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current and New Perspectives in the Diagnosis of Blastomycosis and Histoplasmosis (2020)

The diagnosis of blastomycosis and histoplasmosis can be difficult for clinicians who rarely see infections caused by these environmentally restricted dimorphic fungi. Historically, the diagnosis of blastomycosis has been established by culture and sometimes by histopathologic identification. Currently, antigen detection in urine and serum has been shown to aid in the rapid diagnosis of blastomycosis, and newer antibody assays are likely to contribute to our diagnostic capability in the near future. The gold standard for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis has been culture of the organism from involved tissues, aided in some patients by histopathological verification of the typical yeast forms in tissues. Antigen detection has contributed greatly to the ability of clinicians to rapidly establish the diagnosis of histoplasmosis, especially in severely ill and immunocompromised patients, and antibody testing for <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> provides important adjunctive diagnostic capability for several forms of both acute and chronic histoplasmosis. For both of these endemic mycoses, novel molecular tests are under active investigation, but remain available in only a few reference laboratories. In this review, we provide a synopsis of diagnostic test options that aid in establishing whether a patient has blastomycosis or histoplasmosis.
Strong CD8 T-Cell Responses following Coimmunization with Plasmids Expressing the Dominant pp89 and Subdominant M84 Antigens of Murine Cytomegalovirus Correlate with Long-Term Protection against Subsequent Viral Challenge (2002)

We previously showed that intradermal immunization with plasmids expressing the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) protein IE1-pp89 or M84 protects against viral challenge and that coimmunization has a synergistic protective effect (C. S. Morello, L. D. Cranmer, and D. H. Spector, J. Virol. 74:3696-3708, 2000). Using an intracellular gamma interferon cytokine staining assay, we have now characterized the CD8+ T-cell response after DNA immunization with pp89, M84, or pp89 plus M84. The pp89- and M84-specific CD8+ T-cell responses peaked rapidly after three immunizations. DNA immunization and MCMV infection generated similar levels of pp89-specific CD8+ T cells. In contrast, a significantly higher level of M84-specific CD8+ T cells was elicited by DNA immunization than by MCMV infection. Fusion of ubiquitin to pp89 enhanced the CD8+ T-cell response only under conditions where vaccination was suboptimal. Three immunizations with either pp89, M84, or pp89 plus M84 DNA also provided significant protection against MCMV infection for at least 6 months, with the best protection produced by coimmunization. A substantial percentage of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells remained detectable, and they responded rapidly to the MCMV challenge. These results underscore the importance of considering antigens that do not appear to be highly immunogenic during infection as DNA vaccine candidates.
Collision prediction in roundabouts: a comparative study of extreme value theory approaches (2018)

This work contributes to study the application of extreme value theory (EVT) in road safety analysis, estimating the risk of being involved in an entering–circulating collision in single-lane roundabouts. Detailed trajectory data of the vehicles were derived from a driving simulator experiment, and the time-to-collision (TTC) was used as a surrogate measure of safety. Three EVT approaches were applied, tested and compared: (1) the Generalized Extreme Value distribution used in the block maxima (BM) approach, (2) the Generalized Pareto Distribution used in the peak-over-threshold approach (POT), with negated-TTC (nTTC), and (3) shifted-reciprocal-TTC (srTTC). Case-study results analysis showed that BM and POT with shifted-reciprocal-TTC confidence intervals included the number of observed crashes, while POT with negated-TTC did not include it. According to these findings, both BM and POT-with-shifted-reciprocal-TTC appear promising and deserve further attention in order to develop effective ready-to-practice crash prediction models, useful in intersection design and operational analysis.
Networked Multimedia with Internet Media Guides (2005)

Internet Media Guides (IMGs) are a generalisation of Electronic Programme Guides (EPGs) as known from digital video broadcasting (DVB). They are independent of specific metadata formats and thus are able to support a broad range of applications, including EPG distribution for TV networks and distribution of session descriptions for Internet-based multimedia sessions. Unlike most existing approaches, the IMG framework is also completely independent of specific delivery networks for the media content described in media guides-and it is also independent of the distribution mechanisms for the media guides themselves: IMGs can be distributed in unidirectional broadcast networks, they can also retrieved over established query/response protocols such as HTTP, and they allow for asynchronous change-notifications to interested subscribers. This paper presents the fundamental concepts of the IMG framework and introduces the main components. We further describe implementation and application experiences and discuss potential enhancements to the existing IMG specifications.
<title>Invertible authentication</title> (2001)

In this paper, we present two new methods for authentication of digital images using invertible watermarking. While virtually all watermarking schemes introduce some small amount of non-invertible distortion in the image, the new methods are invertible in the sense that, if the image is deemed authentic, the distortion due to authentication can be removed to obtain the original image data. Two techniques are proposed: one is based on robust spatial additive watermarks combined with modulo addition and the second one on lossless compression and encryption of bit-planes. Both techniques provide cryptographic strength in verifying the image integrity in the sense that the probability of making a modification to the image that will not be detected can be directly related to a secure cryptographic element, such as a has function. The second technique can be generalized to other data types than bitmap images.
Intrathecal Transplantation of the Human Neuronal GABA/Glycinergic hNT2.17 Cell Line for Alleviation of Neuropathic Pain in the Streptozotocin Model of Diabetic Neuropathy (2008)

INTRODUCTION: After successful reversal of neuropathic pain behaviors after intrathecal transplantation of the hNT2.17 cell line in an excitotoxic spinal cord injury model, we hypothesized that this cell line may also be useful in treating neuropathic pain seen in diabetic neuropathy. A subclone of the human NT2 cell line, the hNT2.17 cell line, differentiates into a neuronal phenotype that secretes primarily inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as GABA and glycine, which may re-establish the balance between inhibition in the dorsal horn and the abnormal excitatory A-delta and C pain fiber pathways seen in diabetic neuropathy. METHODS: Male Sprague Dawley rats (250 g) were randomized into four groups (n = 6/group): Saline injection; Streptozotocin (STZ) injection, which destroys pancreatic islets cells to induce diabetes; STZ+Viable hNT2.17 cell transplant; and STZ+Non-viable hNT2.17 cell transplant. All rats underwent an injection of normal saline (control) or a single injection of STZ (50mg/kg IV), resulting in stable blood glucose levels greater than 250 mg/dL at 3 days and severe cachexia. Five days after STZ injection, intrathecal transplantation of the hNT2.17 cell line (1 × 106 cells/injection, viable or non-viable) was performed through a L1 laminectomy in the experimental groups. All animals underwent baseline and weekly behavioral testing (tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia of both hindpaws) throughout the 6-week duration of the experiment. RESULTS: Animals undergoing viable hNT2.17 cell transplantation demonstrated complete reversal of both mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia to baseline levels (P < 0.05) and also showed improvement in cachexia, without a change in blood glucose levels. The recovery occurred 1 week after transplantation and was maintained for the entire experiment. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that grafted cells were present and synthesizing GABA. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory neuronal cell line, hNT2.17, is a ready source of human cells that potently reverses neuropathic pain of diabetic origin and may have a vital clinical role with further testing.
Formulation, Characterization and Physicochemical Evaluation of Potassium Citrate Effervescent Tablets (2013)

The prepared tablets by wet granulation method using PVP solution had more tablet hardness. It is a reproducible process and suitable to produce granules that are compressed into effervescent tablets due to larger agglomerates.
E. and J. R. Harris, The Oriental Cults in Roman Britain. (Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l'empire romain, 6). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1965. Pp. xi + 120, 1 folding map, 21 plates, 6 text figs. Fl. 24. (1966)

E. and J. R. Harris, The Oriental Cults in Roman Britain. (Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l'empire romain, 6). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1965. Pp. xi + 120, 1 folding map, 21 plates, 6 text figs. Fl. 24. - Volume 56 Issue 1-2
<title>Probabilistic multiobject deformable model for MR/SPECT brain image registration and segmentation</title> (1999)

A probabilistic deformable model for the representation of brain structures is described. The statistically learned deformable model represents the relative location of head (skull and scalp) and brain surfaces in MR/SPECT images pairs and accommodates the significant variability of these anatomical structures across different individuals. To provide a training set, a representative collection of 3D MRI volumes of different patients have first been registered to a reference image. The head and brain surfaces of each volume are parameterized by the amplitudes of the vibration modes of a deformable spherical mesh. For a given MR image in the training set, a vector containing the largest vibration modes describing the head and the brain is created. This random vector is statistically constrained by retaining the most significant variations modes of its Karhunen-Loeve expansion on the training population. By these means, both head and brain surfaces are deformed according to the anatomical variability observed in the training set. Two applications of the probabilistic deformable model are presented: the deformable model-based registration of 3D multimodal (MR/SPECT) brain images and the segmentation of the brain from MRI using the probabilistic constraints embedded in the deformable model. The multi-object deformable model may be considered as a first step towards the development of a general purpose probabilistic anatomical atlas of the brain.
cDNA cloning and characterization of mouse <i>nifS</i>‐like protein, m‐Nfs1: mitochondrial localization of eukaryotic NifS‐like proteins (1998)

We have isolated a mouse cDNA which shows significant sequence similarity to the yeast nifS ‐like gene (y‐ NFS1 ), and termed it m‐ Nfs1 . The deduced protein sequence (459 amino acids long) has several characteristic features common to those of bacterial NifS proteins, but distinct from them by its amino‐terminal extension which contains a typical mitochondrial targeting presequence. m‐Nfs1 was found to be a soluble 47‐kDa protein in the matrix fraction of mouse liver mitochondria. The m‐ Nfs1 gene was ubiquitously expressed in most tissues, suggesting its housekeeping function in vivo. We also found that the y‐NFS1 protein was localized in the mitochondrial matrix in yeast cells. These results suggest that both eukaryotic NifS‐like proteins may play some roles in mitochondrial functions.
A challenge problem for 2D/3D imaging of targets from a volumetric data set in an urban environment (2007)

This paper describes a challenge problem whose scope is the 2D/3D imaging of stationary targets from a volumetric data set of X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data collected in an urban environment. The data for this problem was collected at a scene consisting of numerous civilian vehicles and calibration targets. The radar operated in circular SAR mode and completed 8 circular flight paths around the scene with varying altitudes. Data consists of phase history data, auxiliary data, processing algorithms, processed images, as well as ground truth data. Interest is focused on mitigating the large side lobes in the point spread function. Due to the sparse nature of the elevation aperture, traditional imaging techniques introduce excessive artifacts in the processed images. Further interests include the formation of highresolution 3D SAR images with single pass data and feature extraction for 3D SAR automatic target recognition applications. The purpose of releasing the Gotcha Volumetric SAR Data Set is to provide the community with X-band SAR data that supports the development of new algorithms for high-resolution 2D/3D imaging.
Light scatter characteristics of blast cells in acute myeloid leukaemia: association with morphology and immunophenotype. (1995)

The FSC/SSC pattern distribution of AML blast cells not only provides an additional objective and reproductible system for the classification of these leukaemias but it may also represent a connection between the FAB morphological groups and the immunophenotypic classification of AML patients.
Rapid analysis of CpG methylation patterns using RNase T1 cleavage and MALDI-TOF (2004)

Here, we introduce a method for the fast and accurate analysis of DNA methylation based on bisulfite-treated DNA. The target region is PCR amplified using a T7 RNA polymerase promoter-tagged primer. A subsequent in vitro transcription leads to a transcript which contains guanosine residues only at sites that contained methylated cytosines before bisulfite treatment. In a single tube reaction using guanosine-specific cleavage by RNase T1, a specific pattern of RNA fragments is formed. This pattern directly represents the methylation state of the sample DNA and is analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight technology. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of artificially methylated and unmethylated DNA, mixtures thereof and colon DNA samples. The applicability for the analysis of both PCR products and cloned PCR products is demonstrated. The observed methylation patterns were confirmed by bisulfite sequencing.
Planar shape matching and feature extraction using shape profile (2008)

In this paper a novel cross correlation technique is proposed for shape matching between two similar objects. The proposed technique can not only evaluate the similarity between any two objects, but also has two distinct advantages compared to previous work: (1) the deformed articulated objects such as human being with different poses, can be matched very well; (2) the local feature extraction and correspondence can be established at the same time. The basic tool we used is the shape profile driven from the curvature map of the object profile. The cross correlation technique is applied to the shape profile of the two objects to evaluate their similarity. Filtering scheme is used to enhance the quality of both shape matching and extracted features. The invariant property, the robustness and the efficiency of the shape profile in shape matching and feature extraction are discussed.
Subarachnoid haemorrhage in the elderly: a necropsy study of the association with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. (1993)

To clarify the contribution of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) to subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in the elderly, relationships between SAH and CAA were investigated in 997 necropsy cases aged 60 years or older. Primary SAH (bleeding from subarachnoid vessels) was found in 15 cases (1.5%). There was no case in which primary SAH was clearly attributed to CAA. Secondary SAH [secondary rupture of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) through the cortex to the subarachnoid space] was found in 23 patients (2.3%). In 11 (48%) of them, ICH with secondary SAH was associated with CAA. The results indicated that primary SAH is rarely related to CAA, however, CAA is the most frequent cause of ICH accompanying secondary SAH in the elderly.
CD44/chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan and alpha 2 beta 1 integrin mediate human melanoma cell migration on type IV collagen and invasion of basement membranes. (1996)

Tumor cell invasion of basement membranes (BM) represents one of the critical steps in the metastatic process. Tumor cell recognition of individual BM matrix components may involve individual cell adhesion receptors, such as integrins or cell surface proteoglycans, or may involve a coordinate action of both types of receptors. In this study, we have focused on the identification of a cell surface CD44/chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) and alpha 2 beta 1 integrin on human melanoma cells that are both directly involved in the in vitro invasion of reconstituted BM via a type IV collagen-dependent mechanism. Interfering with cell surface expression of human melanoma CSPG with either p-nitro-phenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside treatment or anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody (mAb) preincubation (mAb) preincubation inhibits melanoma cell invasion through reconstituted BM. These treatments also strongly inhibit melanoma cell migration on type IV collagen, however, they are ineffective at inhibiting cell adhesion to type IV collagen. Purified melanoma cell surface CD44/CSPG, or purified chondroitin sulfate, bind to type IV collagen affinity columns, consistent with a role for CD44/CSPG-type IV collagen interactions in mediating tumor cell invasion. In contrast, melanoma cell migration on laminin (LM) does not involve CD44/CSPG, nor does CD44/CSPG bind to LM, suggesting that CD44/CSPG-type IV collagen interactions are specific in nature. Additionally, anti-alpha 2 and anti-beta 1 integrin mAbs are capable of blocking melanoma cell invasion of reconstituted BM. Both of these anti-integrin mAbs inhibit melanoma cell adhesion and migration on type IV collagen, whereas only anti-beta 1 mAb inhibits cell adhesion to LM. Collectively, these results indicate that melanoma cell adhesion to type IV collagen is an important consideration in invasion of reconstituted BM in vitro, and suggest that CD44/CSPG and alpha 2 beta 1 integrin may collaborate to promote human melanoma cell adhesion, migration, and invasion in vivo.
Crystallography of SiP and SiAs Single Crystals and of SiP Precipitates in Si (1966)

Transmission electron microscope examinations of silicon single crystals, phosphorus-diffused at low temperatures from anodic oxide films as phosphorus sources, showed the presence of crystallographically oriented precipitate. X-ray and electron diffraction investigations of SiP and SiAs single crystals prepared by a vapor-growth method revealed the orthorhombic crystal structure of the as-grown compounds. Using these structure data, the precipitate in the diffused silicon could be identified by electron diffraction as SiP. The orientation relationship SiP-precipitate/Si-matrix was determined.
CMOS Compatible Electrostatically Formed Nanowire Transistor for Efficient Sensing of Temperature (2017)

A novel electrostatically formed nano-wire (EFN) transistor for temperature sensing is presented. The device is a silicon-on-insulator multigate field-effect transistor, in which a nanowire-shaped conducting channel vertical position and area are controlled by the bias applied to the back gate, and two junction-side gates. Our measurements depict temperature sensitivity of 7.7%/K for EFN transistors which is among the best reported values for semiconductor temperature sensing devices TMOS and FET's. Optimal operational voltage biases and currents for the EFN transistor regimes are evaluated from measurements and analyzed using three dimensional (3D) electrostatic device simulations and developed analytical model.
Acquired immune-mediated thrombophilia in lymphoproliferative disorders (2011)

We analyzed 66 cases of immune-mediated thrombophilia in patients with lymphoma reported in the literature. Sixty-one cases had a lupus anticoagulant, three an antibody to protein S, one to protein C, and one to ADAMTS 13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13). Lupus anticoagulants occurred in all histological subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, except mantle cell lymphoma, MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma, and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, and rarely in Hodgkin lymphoma. The largest number of cases was described in splenic marginal zone and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Lupus anticoagulants were highly associated with immunoglobulin M (IgM) paraproteinemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and immune thrombocytopenia. About half of the patients had thrombotic events (antiphospholipid antibody syndrome). Venous thromboembolism was more than twice as common as arterial thrombosis; 6.5% had a catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. The lupus anticoagulant could be eliminated by lymphoma treatment (chemoimmunotherapy or splenectomy) in more than one-third of patients. It is suggested that a search for lupus anticoagulant should be done in all patients with lymphoma, because a diagnosis of lupus anticoagulant may influence the management of lymphomas in some patients.
Expert Discovery and Interactions in Mixed Service-Oriented Systems (2011)

Web-based collaborations and processes have become essential in today's business environments. Such processes typically span interactions between people and services across globally distributed companies. Web services and SOA are the defacto technology to implement compositions of humans and services. The increasing complexity of compositions and the distribution of people and services require adaptive and context-aware interaction models. To support complex interaction scenarios, we introduce a mixed service-oriented system composed of both human-provided and Software-Based Services (SBSs) interacting to perform joint activities or to solve emerging problems. However, competencies of people evolve over time, thereby requiring approaches for the automated management of actor skills, reputation, and trust. Discovering the right actor in mixed service-oriented systems is challenging due to scale and temporary nature of collaborations. We present a novel approach addressing the need for flexible involvement of experts and knowledge workers in distributed collaborations. We argue that the automated inference of trust between members is a key factor for successful collaborations. Instead of following a security perspective on trust, we focus on dynamic trust in collaborative networks. We discuss Human-Provided Services (HPSs) and an approach for managing user preferences and network structures. HPS allows experts to offer their skills and capabilities as services that can be requested on demand. Our main contributions center around a context-sensitive trust-based algorithm called ExpertHITS inspired by the concept of hubs and authorities in web-based environments. ExpertHITS takes trust-relations and link properties in social networks into account to estimate the reputation of users.