gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dietary nitrate reduces muscle metabolic perturbation and improves exercise tolerance in hypoxia (2011)

Exercise in hypoxia is associated with reduced muscle oxidative function and impaired exercise tolerance. We hypothesised that dietary nitrate supplementation (which increases plasma [nitrite] and thus NO bioavailability) would ameliorate the adverse effects of hypoxia on muscle metabolism and oxidative function. In a double-blind, randomised crossover study, nine healthy subjects completed knee-extension exercise to the limit of tolerance (T(lim)), once in normoxia (20.9% O(2); CON) and twice in hypoxia (14.5% O(2)). During 24 h prior to the hypoxia trials, subjects consumed 0.75 L of nitrate-rich beetroot juice (9.3 mmol nitrate; H-BR) or 0.75 L of nitrate-depleted beetroot juice as a placebo (0.006 mmol nitrate; H-PL). Muscle metabolism was assessed using calibrated (31)P-MRS. Plasma [nitrite] was elevated (P < 0.01) following BR (194 ± 51 nm) compared to PL (129 ± 23 nm) and CON (142 ± 37 nM). T(lim) was reduced in H-PL compared to CON (393 ± 169 vs. 471 ± 200 s; P < 0.05) but was not different between CON and H-BR (477 ± 200 s). The muscle [PCr], [P(i)] and pH changed at a faster rate in H-PL compared to CON and H-BR. The [PCr] recovery time constant was greater (P < 0.01) in H-PL (29 ± 5 s) compared to CON (23 ± 5 s) and H-BR (24 ± 5 s). Nitrate supplementation reduced muscle metabolic perturbation during exercise in hypoxia and restored exercise tolerance and oxidative function to values observed in normoxia. The results suggest that augmenting the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway may have important therapeutic applications for improving muscle energetics and functional capacity in hypoxia.
Resolving the titer of murine cytomegalovirus by plaque assay using the M2-10B4 cell line and a low viscosity overlay (2014)

Overall, our protocol enabled us to use a consistent cell line to assess viral titers, rather than repeatedly producing primary MEFs. It also allowed us to start the assay with 4-fold fewer cells than would be required to generate a confluent monolayer, reducing the lead-time prior to the start of the assay. Finally, the reduced viscosity CMC could be handled by pipet and did not need to be pre-mixed with media, thus increasing its shelf-life and ease-of-use. We describe our results here, along with detailed protocols for the use of the M2-10B4 cell lines to determine the titer and grow stocks of MCMV.
A syntactic and semantic multi-agent based question answering system for collaborative e-learning (2018)

With the rapid progress in technology and the advancement in learning systems, e-Learning has proved to be one of the best means for learning in many sectors. In an e-Learning environment, and to help learners to benefit the maximum from their courses, tutors are faced with the arduous task of writing answers — containing detailed, useful information — to every query and question they receive daily from their students. The task can take up a considerable amount of the time they spend each day on teaching if the number of students is high and the tutors have a narrow timeframe in which to reply to them all. In this paper, we present a Question Answering System (QAS) that helps learners to find the best answers to their questions and helps tutors to answer questions asked by their students in an e-Learning environment. we present a syntactic and semantic multi-agent approach to question answering in e-learning platforms. We try to improve existing approaches by using multiple techniques in a multi-layer system where learners and tutors with the help of automatic agents collaborate to find the best answer to the submitted question.
Domain Stylization: A Strong, Simple Baseline for Synthetic to Real Image Domain Adaptation (2018)

Deep neural networks have largely failed to effectively utilize synthetic data when applied to real images due to the covariate shift problem. In this paper, we show that by applying a straightforward modification to an existing photorealistic style transfer algorithm, we achieve state-of-the-art synthetic-to-real domain adaptation results. We conduct extensive experimental validations on four synthetic-to-real tasks for semantic segmentation and object detection, and show that our approach exceeds the performance of any current state-of-the-art GAN-based image translation approach as measured by segmentation and object detection metrics. Furthermore we offer a distance based analysis of our method which shows a dramatic reduction in Frechet Inception distance between the source and target domains, offering a quantitative metric that demonstrates the effectiveness of our algorithm in bridging the synthetic-to-real gap.
Discovery of <i>N</i>-[2-[2-[[3-Methoxy-4-(5-oxazolyl)phenyl]amino]-5-oxazolyl]phenyl]-<i>N</i>-methyl-4- morpholineacetamide as a Novel and Potent Inhibitor of Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase with Excellent in Vivo Activity (2002)

Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a key enzyme that is involved in the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides. Novel 2-aminooxazoles were synthesized and tested for inhibition of IMPDH catalytic activity. Multiple analogues based on this chemotype were found to inhibit IMPDH with low nanomolar potency. One of the analogues (compound 23) showed excellent in vivo activity in the inhibition of antibody production in mice and in the adjuvant induced arthritis model in rats.
Hybrid Architecture for Distributed Intrusion Detection System in Wireless Network (2013)

In order to the rapid growth of the network application, new kinds of network attacks are emerging endlessly. So it is critical to protect the networks from attackers and the Intrusion detection technology becomes popular. Therefore, it is necessary that this security concern must be articulate right from the beginning of the network design and deployment. The intrusion detection technology is the process of identifying network activity that can lead to a compromise of security policy. Lot of work has been done in detection of intruders. But the solutions are not satisfactory. In this paper, we propose a novel Distributed Intrusion Detection System using Multi Agent In order to decrease false alarms and manage misuse and anomaly detects.
Collagens of the bovine vitreous. (1991)

The predominant structural components of the vitreous are collagenous fibrils. Prior biochemical analyses have been limited by incomplete solubilization of the constituent collagen types. The techniques described enable an effective separation and nearly complete solubilization of calf vitreous fibrils. Semiquantitative analysis has led to the detection of types II, V, and IX collagen in a ratio of 69:24:7, respectively. Qualitatively similar ratios were found in vitreous from other mammals, including rabbits, monkeys, and humans. Electron microscopic evidence suggests that type VI collagen may be distributed selectively near the vitreous base. These observations are pertinent to vitreous gel stabilization, aging, and disease.
Intrathecal immune responses to EBV in early MS (2009)

EBV has been consistently associated with MS, but its signature in the CNS has rarely been examined. In this study, we assessed EBV-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with early MS, other inflammatory neurological diseases (OIND) and non-inflammatory neurological diseases (NIND). The neurotropic herpesvirus CMV served as a control. Virus-specific humoral immune responses were assessed in 123 consecutive patients and the intrathecal recruitment of virus-specific antibodies was expressed as antibody indexes. Cellular immune responses tested in the blood of 55/123 patients were positive in 46/55. The CD8(+) CTL responses of these 46 patients were assessed in the blood and CSF using a CFSE-based CTL assay. We found that viral capsid antigen and EBV-encoded nuclear antigen-1, but not CMV IgG antibody indexes, were increased in early MS as compared with OIND and NIND patients. There was also intrathecal enrichment in EBV-, but not CMV-specific, CD8(+) CTL in early MS patients. By contrast, OIND and NIND patients did not recruit EBV- nor CMV-specific CD8(+) CTL in the CSF. Our data, showing a high EBV-, but not CMV-specific intrathecal immune response, strengthen the association between EBV and MS, in particular at the onset of the disease.
MEZBAHADA KESİLEN SIGIRLARIN ET VE BAZI iç ORGANLARıNDA ARSENİK KALıNTILARI (1990)

Bu çalışmada mezbahada kesilen sığırlardan alman et ve çeşit/i iç organ numunelerinde arsenik ka///1tılarl11//1ortaya konu/ması amaçlannuştır. Numunelerin organik maddesi magnezyum oksit-magnezyum ile kuru külleştirmeyle yaktldıktan sonra arsenik kalmtısı gümüş dietilditiyokarhamat ile spektrofotometrik olarak ölçüldü. Kırk iki sığırdan alman aym sayıdaki karaciğer, böbrek, kas ve dalak numunelerinde (toplam 168 numune) 0.00-.2.52 ppm oı'senik kalıntısı bulundu. Karaciğer böbrek, kas ve dalak numunelerinde ölçülen arsenik kalmtısınl11 sırasıyla, 0.15-2.52, 0.00-1.62, 0.00-1.75 ve 0.15-1.85 ppm arasmda değiştiği bulundu. Karaciğer ve dalak numunelerinin tamamının, böbrek ve kas numunelerinin ise 39'unun arsenik içerdikleri belirlendi. Karaciğer ve dalak numunelerinin % 90'mdaki, kas ve böbrek numunelerinin % 76' sındaki arsenik düzeyinin hu tür hesinlerde bulunmasına izin verilen 0.25 ppm' lik düzeyden fazla olduğu anlaştıdı.
Optimization of Broad-Response and High-Detectivity Polymer Photodetectors by Bandgap Engineering of Weak Donor–Strong Acceptor Polymers (2015)

A series of weak donor–strong acceptor polymers containing two different electron-deficient units (diketopyrrolopyrrole and thienoisoindigo) are synthesized and used in broad-response and high-detectivity polymer photodetectors. By adjusting the composition ratio of the two acceptors, the absorption spectra, energy levels, molecular stacking, and film morphology are affected, which in turn influence the photodetector performance. With increased thienoisoindigo component, the HOMO energy levels shift from −5.41 to −4.76 eV, and the LUMO energy levels are nearly unchanged, corresponding to reduced bandgaps and red-shifted absorption spectra. 1,8-Diiodooctane additive shows greatly impact on the film morphology, which affects the photodetector performance significantly. Going from P1 to P5, the detectivity decreases, but the response range increases. The photodetector based on P4 exhibits detectivity of greater than 1011 Jones in a broad spectral region of 300–1200 nm, which is really promising for UV–vis–NIR light detection.
Common themes and cell type specific variations of higher order chromatin arrangements in the mouse (2005)

Chromosome territory arrangements according to chromosome size and gene density provide common, evolutionary conserved themes in both, human and mouse cell types. Our findings are incompatible with a previously reported model of parental genome separation.
Graphene Interconnect Lifetime: A Reliability Analysis (2012)

Understanding the breakdown current density is not enough for establishing the reliability performance of graphene interconnects. It is more important to know how graphene wires degrade with time under constant current stress and how that compares with conventional interconnects. This letter investigates the lifetime of graphene interconnect under constant high current stress. Under a stress current density of 20 MA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 250°C exposed to air, the mean time to fail of a 3-μm-wide 100-μm-long graphene interconnect is approximately 6 h, slightly worse than the extrapolated electromigration lifetime of a copper interconnect capped with CoWP at the same stress current density. Raman study shows that the interconnect failure is mainly caused by defect formation due to graphene oxidation. This suggests that optimizing the capping material for graphene interconnect will substantially improve the reliability lifetime of graphene interconnects.
The role of cysteine-rich secretory proteins in male fertility (2010)

The cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) are a subgroup of the CRISP, antigen 5 and Pr-1 (CAP) protein superfamily, and are found only in vertebrates. They show a strong expression bias to the mammalian male reproductive tract and the venom of poisonous reptiles. Within the male reproductive tract CRISPs have been implicated in many aspects of male germ cell biology spanning haploid germ cell development, epididymal maturation, capacitation, motility and the actual processes of fertilization. At a structural level, CRISPs are composed of two domains, a CAP domain, which has been implicated in cell-cell adhesion, and a CRISP domain, which has been shown to regulate several classes of ion channels across multiple species. Herein, we will review the current literature on the role of CRISPs in male fertility, and by inference to related non-mammalian protein, infer potential biochemical functions.
The IBar (2004)

We present a new screen space widget, the IBar, for effective camera control in 3D graphics environments. The IBar provides a compelling interface for controlling scene perspective based on the artistic concept of vanishing points. Various handles on the widget manipulate multiple camera parameters simultaneously to create a single perceived projection change. For example, changing just the perspective distortion is accomplished by simultaneously decreasing the camera's distance to the scene while increasing focal length. We demonstrate that the IBar is easier to learn for novice users and improves their understanding of camera perspective.
Transient expression of FOXP3 in human activated nonregulatory CD4 <sup>+</sup> T cells (2006)

Foxp3 plays a key role in CD4+ CD25+ T(reg) cell function in mice and represents a specific marker for these cells. Despite the strong association between FOXP3 expression and regulatory function in fresh human T cells, little is known about the dynamics of endogenous FOXP3 expression and its relation to the suppressive function in activated human T cells. Here, we addressed the dynamics of FOXP3 expression during human CD4+ T cell activation by plate-bound anti-CD3 Ab as well as the relationship between its expression and regulatory function at the single-cell level. Our data show that FOXP3 is expressed in a high percentage of activated T cells after in vitro stimulation of human CD4+ CD25- cells. FOXP3 expression is strongly associated with hyporesponsiveness of activated T cells, but is not directly correlated with their suppressive capabilities, as we demonstrate that it is also expressed in activated nonsuppressive T cells. However, in this nonsuppressive T cell population, FOXP3 expression is transient, while it is stably expressed in activated T cells that do display suppressive function, and in natural CD4+ CD25++ T(reg) cells. These data indicate that expression of endogenous FOXP3, in humans, is not sufficient to induce regulatory T cell activity or to identify T(reg) cells.
Position and orientation based Cosserat rods (2016)

We present a novel method to simulate bending and torsion of elastic rods within the position-based dynamics (PBD) framework. The main challenge is that torsion effects of Cosserat rods are described in terms of material frames which are attached to the centerline of the rod. But frames or orientations do not fit into the classical position-based dynamics formulation. To solve this problem we introduce new types of constraints to couple orientations which are represented by unit quaternions. For constraint projection quaternions are treated in the exact same way as positions. Unit length is enforced with an additional constraint. This allows us to use the strain measures form Cosserat theory directly as constraints in PBD. It leads to very simple algebraic expressions for the correction displacements which only contain quaternion products and additions. Our results show that our method is very robust and accurately produces the complex bending and torsion effects of rods. Due to its simplicity our method is very efficient and more than one order of magnitude faster than existing position-based rod simulation methods. It even achieves the same performance as position-based simulations without torsion effects.
Tailoring Membrane Nanostructure and Charge Density for High Electrokinetic Energy Conversion Efficiency (2016)

The electrokinetic energy conversion (EKEC) of hydraulic work directly into electrical energy has been investigated in charged polymeric membranes with different pore charge densities and characteristic diameters of the nanoporous network. The membranes were synthesized from blends of nitrocellulose and sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) and were comprehensively characterized with respect to structure, composition, and transport properties. It is shown that the SPS can be used as a sacrificial pore generation medium to tune the pore size and membrane porosity, which in turn highly affects the transport properties of the membranes. Furthermore, it is shown that very high EKEC efficiencies (>35%) are encountered in a rather narrow window of the properties of the nanoporous membrane network, that is, with pore diameters of ca. 10 nm and pore charge densities of 4.6 × 10(2) to 1.5 × 10(3) mol SO3(-) m(-3) for dilute solutions (0.03 M LiCl). The high absolute value of the efficiency combined with the determination of the optimal membrane morphology makes membrane-based EKEC devices a step closer to practical applications and high-performance membrane design less empirical.
Gain calibration methods for radio telescope arrays (2003)

In radio telescope arrays, the complex receiver gains and sensor noise powers are initially unknown and have to be calibrated. Gain calibration can enhance the quality of astronomical sky images and, moreover, improve the effectiveness of array signal processing techniques for interference mitigation and spatial filtering. A challenging aspect is that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is usually well below 0 dB, even for the brightest sky sources. The calibration method considered here consists of observing a single point source and extracting the gain and noise parameters from the estimated covariance matrix. We present several closed-form and iterative identification algorithms for this. Weighted versions of the algorithms are proven to be asymptotically efficient. The algorithms are validated by simulations and application to experimental data observed at the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT).
Anti-windup Schemes for Proportional Integral and Proportional Resonant Controller (2010)

Problems like windup or rollover arise in a PI controller working under saturation. Hence anti-windup schemes are necessary to minimize performance degradation.Similar situation may occur in a Proportional Resonant(PR)controller in the presence of a sustained error input.Several methods can be employed based on existing knowledge on PI controller to counter this problem.In this paper few such schemes are proposed and implemented in FPGA and MATLAB and from the\nobtained results their possible use and limitations have been studied.
Incremental hypothesis alignment for building confusion networks with application to machine translation system combination (2008)

Confusion network decoding has been the most successful approach in combining outputs from multiple machine translation (MT) systems in the recent DARPA GALE and NIST Open MT evaluations. Due to the varying word order between outputs from different MT systems, the hypothesis alignment presents the biggest challenge in confusion network decoding. This paper describes an incremental alignment method to build confusion networks based on the translation edit rate (TER) algorithm. This new algorithm yields significant BLEU score improvements over other recent alignment methods on the GALE test sets and was used in BBN's submission to the WMT08 shared translation task.
The limited-preemption uniprocessor scheduling of sporadic task systems (2005)

Although preemptive uniprocessor scheduling algorithms are able to successfully schedule some systems that cannot be scheduled by any non-preemptive scheduling algorithm, the run-time overhead associated with implementing preemptive algorithms is often higher than for non-preemptive algorithms. In choosing between preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling algorithms on uniprocessors, the tradeoff is therefore between enhanced feasibility on the one hand, and increased overheads on the other. Hybrid scheduling schemes are proposed and evaluated here: these schemes permit preemption where necessary for feasibility, but attempt to avoid unnecessary preemptions during run-time. This is done by determining, for each task in the system, the longest amount of time for which the task may execute non-preemptively without compromising the feasibility of the system.
Experiments on mechanisms of metastasation: dependence on reaction susceptibility in the host. (1977)

The present paper describes experiments on artificial hematogenous metastasation of chemically induced tumours in mice and rats. Total-body irradiation prior to tumour cell application greatly increased metastatic dissemination. The metastasation is significantly inhibited by pretreatment of the animals with a carcinogenic agent. Similarly, a significant inhibition of metastatic growth was observed in primary tumour animals after surgery.
<i>In situ</i> studies of Al2O3 and HfO2 dielectrics on graphite (2009)

Deposition of Al2O3 and HfO2 dielectrics on graphite is studied as a route to the formation of a high-κ dielectric on graphene. Electron beam evaporation of metal Al and Hf is followed by a separate oxidation step. Reactive e-beam deposition of HfO2 by introduction of O2 to the deposition chamber is also demonstrated as an alternative to the two-step metal deposition and oxidation approach. We employ in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to study reactions between the substrate and deposited film and ex situ atomic force microscopy to examine the dielectric film morphology.
Miticidal activity of benzoyl chloride phenylhydrazones (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMiticidal activity of benzoyl chloride phenylhydrazonesGirts Kaugars, Edwin G. Gemrich II, and Victor L. RizzoCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1973, 21, 4, 647–650Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60188a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60188a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Butyrate Transcriptionally Enhances Peptide Transporter PepT1 Expression and Activity (2008)

Collectively, our results demonstrate that butyrate increases PepT1 expression and activity in colonic epithelial cells, which provides a new understanding of PepT1 regulation during chronic inflammation.