gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of Y845 on the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mediates Binding to the Mitochondrial Protein Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Subunit II (2004)

When co-overexpressed, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-Src cooperate to cause synergistic increases in EGF-induced DNA synthesis, soft agar colony growth, and tumor formation in nude mice. This synergy is dependent upon c-Src-mediated phosphorylation of a unique tyrosine on the EGFR, namely, tyrosine 845 (Y845). Phenylalanine substitution of Y845 (Y845F) was found to inhibit EGF-induced DNA synthesis without affecting the catalytic activity of the receptor or its ability to phosphorylate Shc or activate mitogen-activated protein kinase. These results suggest that synergism may occur through alternate signaling pathways mediated by phosphorylated Y845 (pY845). One such pathway involves the transcription factor Stat5b. Here we describe another pathway that involves cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (CoxII). CoxII was identified as a specific binding partner of a pY845-containing peptide in a phage display screen. EGF-dependent binding of CoxII to the wild type but not to the mutant Y845F-EGFR was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. This association also required the kinase activity of c-Src. Confocal microscopy, as well as biochemical fractionation, indicated that the EGFR translocates to the mitochondria after EGF stimulation, where it colocalizes with CoxII. Such translocation required the catalytic activity of the receptor but not phosphorylation of Y845. However, ectopic expression of the Y845F-EGFR prevented the EGF from protecting MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells from adriamycin-induced apoptosis, whereas two mutants of Stat5b, a dominant-interfering mutant (DNstat5b) and a tyrosine mutation at 699 (Y699F-Stat5b) did not. Taken together, these data suggest that, through the ability of EGFR to translocate to the mitochondria, the binding of proteins such as CoxII to pY845 on the EGFR may positively regulate survival pathways that contribute to oncogenesis.
MiRNA‐199a‐3p: A potential circulating diagnostic biomarker for early gastric cancer (2013)

Plasma miRNA-199a-3p could be a novel potential diagnostic biomarkers for EGC.
AlphaRead (2017)

As experts and expertise are increasingly distributed across distance, remote collaboration on physical tasks also becomes popular. Physical collaboration requires collaborators to produce and resolve references to physical objects unambiguously. We present a novel annotation system called AlphaRead that enables users to add and see readable annotations of physical objects, such as labels in letter, in a dynamic video-mediated workspace. Explicit support for object readability can help people coordinate language and vision for collaboration, and allow them to directly read out object labels as a way to make unambiguous references. Object readability as a resource of linguistic references can reduce the ambiguity and complexity associated with traditional methods of referential expressions such as deictic pronouns ("this" or "that") or descriptions of object attributes. In a video-mediated collaboration study, by making objects referable with readable labels, we improved the communication efficiency over the alternative options of using raw video or video with non-readable annotations to collaborate. We also identified patterns of language behaviors that people exhibited with readable labels and discussed the implications to the design of collaboration support tools.
Transform Techniques for Error Control Codes (1979)

By using the theory of finite field Fourier transforms, the subject of error control codes is described in a language familiar to the field of signal processing. The many important uses of spectral techniques in error control are summarized. Many classes of linear codes are given a spectral interpretation and some new codes are described. Several alternative encoder/decoder schemes are described by frequency domain reasoning. In particular, an errors-and-erasures decoder for a BCH code is exhibited which has virtually no additional computations over an errors-only decoder. Techniques for decoding BCH, RS, and alternant codes (Goppa codes) a short distance beyond the designed distance are discussed. Also, a modification to the definition of a BCH code is described which reduces the decoder complexity without changing the code's rate or minimum distance.
A Passive Very Low-Frequency (VLF) Electric Field Imager (2016)

It is shown that an array of D-dot sensors can be implemented to not only detect, but for the first time, image very low-frequency electric fields. D-dot sensors sense current proportional to the time derivative of the electric field. The signal of interest is extracted from each D-dot pixel using a lock-in amplifier through an automated multiplexer. We have successfully rendered very low-frequency electric field images from energized wires using the proposed electric field imager. As a proof-of-concept, the arrays were fabricated on both a printed circuit board and a flexible polyethylene naphthalate substrate, the latter of which incorporates a thin-film transistor process. Such a device will have commercial and industrial applications, such as imaging sources of electromagnetic interference as well as security applications for noninvasive monitoring.
Breast Cancer Cell Uptake of the Inflammatory Mediator Neutrophil Elastase Triggers an Anticancer Adaptive Immune Response (2012)

There is little understanding of the impact of tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) on adaptive immunity to tumors. In this study, we report the results of an investigation of the pathobiologic basis for the prognostic significance of neutrophil elastase, a serine protease found in neutrophil granules, in a model of cyclin E (CCNE)-overexpressing breast cancer. We established that neutrophil elastase was expressed by TAN within breast cancer tissues but not by breast cancer cells. Neutrophil elastase modulated killing of breast cancer cells by CTLs specific for CCNE-derived HLA-A2-restricted peptide (ILLDWLMEV). Breast cancer cells exhibited striking antigen-specific uptake of neutrophil elastase from the microenvironment that was independent of neutrophil elastase enzymatic activity. Furthermore, neutrophil elastase uptake increased expression of low molecular weight forms of CCNE and enhanced susceptibility to peptide-specific CTL lysis, suggesting that CCNE peptides are naturally presented on breast cancer cells. Taken together, our findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism of antitumor adaptive immunity that links cancer cell uptake of an inflammatory mediator to an effective cytolytic response against an important breast cancer antigen.
Response to “Comments on ‘Broadband spectra of seismic survey air-gun emissions with reference to dolphin auditory thresholds’ ” [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. <b>105</b>, 2047–2048 (1999)] (1999)

In a prior paper, “Broadband spectra of seismic survey air-gun emissions with reference to dolphin auditory thresholds” [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 103, 2177–2184 (1998)] a comparison was drawn between the estimation of sound levels at a distance which unconstrained dolphins would appear to maintain from a seismic air-gun source and the sound threshold at which captive dolphins displayed behavioral changes as reported by [Tech. Rpt. 1751, NCCOSC RDTE (1997)]. This prompted comments in the letter above on the validity of the conclusions of the prior paper. In this rebuttal, it is pointed out that uncertainties in the sound levels estimated in the prior paper arising from uncertainties in distance estimation, sound-propagation model, frequency weighting, and allowance for pulse duration are most unlikely to account for the very large difference of 48 dB between Goold and Fish’s results and Ridgway’s. The differences in criteria for deciding the threshold—behavior suggesting distress in captive dolphins (Ridgway et al.) and the assumption that dolphins swim to a distance at which the sound is tolerated (Goold and Fish), is the most likely explanation for the difference in the published figures.
Plasma-induced charge damage and its effect on reliability in 0.115-μm technology (2003)

Plasma-induced damage on 0.115 /spl mu/m Cu dual damascene technology devices is investigated. The metal-via-metal structure shows more plasma damage than other metal structures. Plasma damage has little impact on NMOSFET hot carrier degradation. For PMOSFET NBTI degradation, the plasma damage on thick oxide is clearly observed.
Probabilistic combination of multiple modalities to detect interest (2004)

This paper describes a new approach to combine multiple modalities and applies it to the problem of affect recognition. The problem is posed as a combination of classifiers in a probabilistic framework that naturally explains the concepts of experts and critics. Each channel of data has an expert associated that generates the beliefs about the correct class. Probabilistic models of error and the critics, which predict the performance of the expert on the current input, are used to combine the expert's beliefs about the correct class. The method is applied to detect the affective state of interest using information from the face, postures and task the subjects are performing. The classification using multiple modalities achieves a recognition accuracy of 67.8%, outperforming the classification using individual modalities. Further, the proposed combination scheme achieves the greatest reduction in error when compared with other classifier combination methods.
Dynamic Tree Pruning Method for Fast ACELP Search (2008)

The algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP) algorithm has been adopted by many speech coding standards, due to low complexity and high quality in its analysis-by-synthesis optimization. One of the optimum proposed algorithms, for reduction of complexity of fix codebook search, is the method based on the pruning of tree with less probability for best excitation in depth first tree search. In this paper, two methods of dynamic pruning of tree, namely single and multi level dynamic tree pruning, are proposed. In addition to low complexity like pruning of tree method, both methods have higher efficiency close to the depth first tree method (one of the most efficient searching methods). The efficiency and complexity of these two methods are compared with pruning of tree and depth first tree methods in an example using by GSM EFR coders.
Expression of mRNA encoding the prostaglandin F2α receptor in bovine corpora lutea throughout the oestrous cycle and pregnancy (1995)

The abundance of mRNA encoding the PGF2 alpha receptor in bovine corpora lutea at different phases of the oestrous cycle and pregnancy was examined in relation to the number of [3H]PGF2 alpha binding sites. Corpora lutea were removed from cyclic (early: 3-5 days after ovulation; mid-cycle: 8-12 days after ovulation; late: 15-18 days after ovulation; and regressed: 20-21 days after ovulation) and pregnant (early: fetal size 9-13 cm (2-3 months); mid-cycle: fetal size 42-43 cm (5-6 months); and late: fetal size 78-80 cm (8 months)) cows and subjected to total RNA preparation, in situ hybridization and membrane preparation for [3H]PGF2 alpha binding assay. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that expression of PGF2 alpha receptor mRNA progressively increased from the early phase to the late phase of the oestrous cycle, and was markedly reduced at the regressed phase; while constant amounts of mRNA were observed in early and middle pregnant corpora lutea, and there was a significant reduction at late pregnancy. Specific high affinity [3H]PGF2 alpha binding sites with Kd values of 18.3-31.1 nmol-1 were observed in the luteal membrane during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy; this is consistent with the expression of PGF2 alpha receptor mRNA. The number of receptors decreased at the regressed phase and in early pregnancy. These results strongly suggest that PGF2 alpha is involved in not only luteolysis but also luteal functions in both pregnant and nonpregnant cows.
Display of Expression Products of cDNA Libraries on Phage Surfaces. A Versatile Screening System for Selective Isolation of Genes by Specific Gene-Product/Ligand Interaction (1994)

Techniques for cloning cDNAs from bacteriophage libraries immobilised on solid supports are well established. However, these techniques do not allow selective enrichment of clones expressing proteins of interest. Screening of cDNA libraries would be simplified if the proteins encoded by cDNAs could be expressed on the surface of phage. Phage carrying genes encoding proteins for which a ligand is available can be selected directly by affinity interaction [Crameri, R. & Suter, M. (1993) Gene (Amst.) 137, 69-75]. The expression products from a cDNA library from Aspergillus fumigatus have been displayed on the surface of the filamentous phage M13 and screened for gene products binding to human serum IgE. The physical linkage of cDNA-encoded proteins to the genetic information required for their production, achieved by exploiting the high-affinity interaction of the Jun and Fos leucine zippers, allows screening of up to 1 x 10(10) independent clones in 50-microliters aliquots applied to a well of a microtiter plate coated with the ligand. Phage displaying IgE-binding proteins were selectively enriched 10(5)-10(6)-fold over non-specific phage after six rounds of growth and selection. The apparent molecular mass of the proteins selected from the cDNA library was in the range 20-40 kDa. Restriction enzyme analysis and preliminary sequence determination of 12 selected inserts revealed different sequences. The ability of the proteins to bind to human serum IgE was corroborated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by Western-blot analysis. The developed cloning strategy allows isolation of cDNAs encoding proteins for which a ligand is available and circumvents immobilisation of the libraries on solid-phase supports which hamper selective enrichment of clones expressing the desired protein.
Excipient Mediated Biostabilization of Protein Using Spray Drying Technique (2010)

Biologically active molecules like proteins are better preserved in dry condition owing to lower water activity and lower intra-molecular movement. However, 3-D conformation of protein is dependent on water around it. Upon drying, water around the protein is lost and therefore, excipients that work as water substitute molecule is provided during drying to preserve its 3-D structure. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is taken as a model protein in this study. BSA is one of the highly studied proteins. Easy accessibility, low cost and inert behaivour enhances its significant utility in various biochemical formulations. In this study, BSA and excipient-BSA combinations were subjected to different levels of heat stress and the resulting structural changes were assessed using native gel electrophoresis, DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) techniques. Native PAGE, FTIR, DSC techniques are used to determine the aggregation, secondary structure and glass transition properties of the spray dried and heat treated proteins respectively. The moisture content of the spray dried samples was determined by Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). For a protein to be stable, low moisture content, high Tg values are ideal. Protein aggregation has a direct link with its secondary structure. Thus, upon heat treatment of BSA and excipient-BSA combinations it is important that protein does not aggregate and the secondary structure remain intact for the protein to be stable.
Controlling bubble motion over heated surface through evaporation momentum force to enhance pool boiling heat transfer (2013)

Evaporation momentum force arises due to the difference in liquid and vapor densities at an evaporating interface. The resulting rapid interface motion increases the microconvection heat transfer around a nucleating bubble in pool boiling. Microstructure features are developed on the basis of this hypothesis to control the bubble trajectory for (i) enhancing the heat transfer coefficient, and (ii) creating separate liquid and vapor pathways that result in an increased critical heat flux (CHF). An eightfold higher heat transfer coefficient (629 000 W/m2 °C) and two-and-half times higher CHF (3 MW/m2) over a plain copper surface were achieved with water.
Macrophage–tumour cell interactions: identification of MUC1 on breast cancer cells as a potential counter‐receptor for the macrophage‐restricted receptor, sialoadhesin (1999)

In many carcinomas, infiltrating macrophages are commonly found closely associated with tumour cells but little is known concerning the nature or significance of adhesion molecules involved in these cellular interactions. Here we demonstrate in primary human breast cancers that sialoadhesin (Sn), a macrophage-restricted adhesion molecule, is frequently expressed on infiltrating cells that often make close contact with breast carcinoma cells. To determine whether Sn could act as a specific receptor for ligands on breast cancer cell lines, binding assays were performed with a recombinant form of the protein fused to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) (Sn-Fc). Sn-Fc was found to bind specifically and in a sialic acid-dependent manner to the breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, T47.D and BT-20 both in solid- and solution-phase binding assays. To investigate the nature of the sialoglycoproteins recognized by Sn on breast cancer cells, MCF-7 cells were labelled with [6-3H]glucosamine. Following precipitation with Sn-Fc, a major band of approximately 240000 MW was revealed, which was shown in reprecipitation and Western blotting experiments to be the epithelial mucin, MUC1.
Two Opines Control Conjugal Transfer of an<i>Agrobacterium</i>Plasmid by Regulating Expression of Separate Copies of the Quorum-Sensing Activator Gene<i>traR</i> (2002)

Conjugal transfer of Ti plasmids from Agrobacterium spp. is controlled by a hierarchical regulatory system designed to sense two environmental cues. One signal, a subset of the opines produced by crown gall tumors initiated on plants by the pathogen, serves to induce production of the second, an acyl-homoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal, the quormone, produced by the bacterium itself. This second signal activates TraR, and this transcriptional activator induces expression of the tra regulon. Opines control transfer because the traR gene is a member of an operon the expression of which is regulated by the conjugal opine. Among the Ti plasmid systems studied to date, only one of the two or more opine families produced by the associated tumor induces transfer. However, two chemically dissimilar opines, nopaline and agrocinopines A and B, induce transfer of the opine catabolic plasmid pAtK84b found in the nonpathogenic Agrobacterium radiobacter isolate K84. In this study we showed that this plasmid contains two copies of traR, and each is associated with a different opine-regulated operon. One copy, traR(noc), is the last gene of the nox operon and was induced by nopaline but not by agrocinopines A and B. Mutating traR(noc) abolished induction of transfer by nopaline but not by the agrocinopines. A mutation in ocd, an upstream gene of the nox operon, abolished utilization of nopaline and also induction of transfer by this opine. The second copy, traR(acc), is located in an operon of four genes and was induced by agrocinopines A and B but not by nopaline. Genetic analysis indicated that this gene is required for induction of transfer by agrocinopines A and B but not by nopaline. pAtK84b with mutations in both traR genes was not induced for transfer by either opine. However, expression of a traR gene in trans to this plasmid resulted in opine-independent transfer. The association of traR(noc) with nox is unique, but the operon containing traR(acc) is related to the arc operons of pTiC58 and pTiChry5, two Ti plasmids inducible for transfer by agrocinopines A-B and C-D, respectively. We conclude that pAtK84b codes for two independently functioning copies of traR, each regulated by a different opine, thus accounting for the activation of the transfer system of this plasmid by the two opine types.
Microphone array post-filtering using supervised machine learning for speech enhancement (2014)

High level of noise reduces the perceptual quality and intelligibility of speech. Therefore, enhancing the captured speech signal is important in everyday applications such as telephony and teleconferencing. Microphone arrays are typically placed at a distance from a speaker and require processing to enhance the captured signal. Beamforming provides directional gai nt owards the source of interest and attenuation of interference. It is often followed by a single channel post-filter to further enhance the signal. Non-linear spatial post-filters are capable of providing high noise suppression but can produce unwanted musical noise that lowers the perceptual quality of the output. This work proposes an artificial neural network (ANN) to learn the structure of naturally occurring post-filters to enhance speech from interfering noise. The ANN uses phase-based features obtained from a multichannel array as an input. Simulations are used to train the ANN in a supervised manner. The performance is measured with objective scores from speech recorded in an office environment. The post-filters predicted by the ANN are found to improve the perceptual quality over delay-and-sum beamforming while maintaining high suppression of noise characteristic to spatial post-filters. Index Terms:Speech enhancement, Microphone arrays, Array signal processing, Artificial neural networks, Psychoacoustics.
Fluorinated C-Nitroso Compounds. II.<sup>1</sup> The Reaction of Nitric Oxide with Some Fluoroolefins in the Presence of Ferric Chloride (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorinated C-Nitroso Compounds. II.1 The Reaction of Nitric Oxide with Some Fluoroolefins in the Presence of Ferric ChlorideJ. D. PARK, A. P. STEFANI, and J. R. LACHERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 9, 3319–3323Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01067a070https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01067a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts