gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamics of Polymer Solubility in Polar and Nonpolar Systems (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics of Polymer Solubility in Polar and Nonpolar SystemsR. F. Blanks and J. M. PrausnitzCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1964, 3, 1, 1–8Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160009a001https://doi.org/10.1021/i160009a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3086Altmetric-Citations321LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Advances in Acoustic Leak Monitoring Instrumentation (1983)

A microprocessor-based acoustic leak monitoring system is described. The system provides a nuclear reactor operator with continuous data regarding the presence of leaks in plant fluid systems. The features of the system are briefly discussed with emphasis on the specially developed acoustic transducer and data processing. Data gathered at several power plants covering various leak types are presented.
Human Periprostatic Adipose Tissue: its Influence on Prostate Cancer Cells (2012)

We conclude that TPPAT released factors, such as pro-MMP-9, could induce the invasive capacity of LNCaP cells and speculate that PPAT derived factors could, in the early stages of prostate cancer, modulate disease progression.
Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by a mixed culture and its component pure cultures, obtained from PAH-contaminated soil (1995)

A mixed culture, isolated from soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), grew on and degraded fluoranthene in aqueous media supplemented with glucose, yeast extract, and peptone. Increased complex nitrogen levels in the medium promoted bacterial growth and a greater extent of fluoranthene degradation. Amendment of the media with high glucose levels also diminished specific fluoranthene degradation. The mixed culture was capable of degrading a range of other PAHs, including benzo[a]pyrene, anthracene, phenanthrene, acenaphthene, and fluorene. The mixed culture contained four predominant isolates, all of which were Gram-negative rods, three of which were identified as Pseudomonas putida, Flavobacterium sp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Better degradation of a defined PAH mixture was observed with the mixed culture than with individual isolates. A reconstituted culture, prepared by combining the four individual isolates, manifested a similar PAH biodegradation performance to the original mixed culture. When compared with the mixed culture, individual isolates exhibited a relatively good capacity to remove more water-soluble PAHs (acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene). In contrast, removal of less water-soluble PAHs (anthracene and pyrene) was low or negligible with isolated cultures compared with the mixed culture.
Thermal, structural and degradation properties of an aromatic–aliphatic polyester built through ring-opening polymerisation (2017)

The novel biodegradable aromatic–aliphatic polyester, poly(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzoate), was explored through thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical analysis and comparative bio and catalysed degradation.
Towards artificial antibodies prepared by molecular imprinting (1996)

The new technique of molecular imprinting has increasingly been adopted by research laboratories worldwide during the last few years. We have studied the use of such imprints against drugs as artificial antibody-binding mimics in competitive radioimmuno-style binding assays. The recognition sites "molded" in the polymers mimic the binding sites of natural antibodies in their interactions with the target antigen. Binding constants are as low as 4.0 nmol/L for a small number of well-defined sites, and cross-reactivities are similar to or better than those observed with biological antibodies. In some cases, the polymers have been used to determine drug concentrations in human serum specimens.
A review of<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>diagnosis, treatment, and methods to detect eradication (2014)

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) affects nearly half of the world's population and, thus, is one of the most frequent and persistent bacterial infections worldwide. H. pylori is associated with peptic ulcer disease, gastric ulcers, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer. Various diagnostic methods exist to detect infection, and the choice of one method or another depends on several factors, such as accessibility, advantages and disadvantages of each method, cost, and the age of patients. Once H. pylori infection is diagnosed, the clinician decides whether treatment is necessity, according to the patient's clinical condition. Typically, eradication of H. pylori is recommended for treatment and prevention of the infection. Cure rates with the standard triple therapy are acceptable, and effective quadruple therapies, sequential therapies, and concomitant therapies have been introduced as key alternatives to treat H. pylori infection. In this work, we review the main diagnostic methods used to identify H. pylori infection and to confirm eradication of infection. In addition, key factors related to treatment are reviewed.
The diagenesis of the Lower Triassic Bunter Sandstone Formation, Onshore Denmark (1986)

The Lower Triassic Bunter Sandstone Formation is a continental redbed sequence deposited under arid to semi-arid conditions in a low-energy, fluviatile-aeolian sabhka environment. The sediments display many diagenetic features in common with modern and ancient redbeds deposited under similar conditions, but local influences on the diagenetic assemblage by factors such as provenance, structural setting and depositional environment can be ascertained. With burial depths of only 1000-2000 meters, effects of compaction are limited, high intergranular porosities remain, and no clear depth-related patterns are noted. The diagenetic assemblage consists of quartz and feldspar overgrowths, Fe-Ti oxides, carbonates (calcite and dolomite), analcime, authigenic clays, anhydrite and halite. The distribution of authigenic minerals is controlled by sedimentary facies, with greater amounts of poikilotopic anhydrite and halite in sandstones and more abundant dolomite and analcime in claystones and heterolithic sands. In addition, the replacement of ferromagnesian minerals by mixed-layer clays results in the greater abundance of these clays in sandstones relative to claystones. A well-preserved eogenetic assemblage consisting of albite and quartz overgrowths, analcime, dolomite, calcite, gypsum and clays is indicative of highly evaporative conditions and may reflect higher sodium concentrations in the depositional brines associated with the more basinal, low-energy parts of the depositional environment. Such concentrated brines strongly influenced the diagenetic pathways. In contrast, anhydrite and halite are the product of mesogenetic reactions in association with late stage Zechstein brines which invaded the more permeable sands during halokinesis. The strength and character of the depositional brine is an early control on subsequent diagenetic evolution. Within the specific geochemical regime of a given lithofacies, selective reactions occur which characterize particular microenvironments. These reactions impart an early eogenetic imprint upon later diagenetic events.
Efficient 7-J flashlamp-pumped dye laser at 500-nm wavelength (1986)

An existing transverse flow flashlamp-pumped dye laser capable of operation at 500 pps for extended periods of time has been modified and optimized for operation at 502 nm using coumarin 504. Energies of over 7 J/pulse and efficiencies of over 1% have been demonstrated in single-shot operation. This has been achieved by using a spectral transfer dye in the flashlamp coolant to increase the useful output of the flashlamps. Flashlamps were tested at up to 400-J input per lamp for extended periods to develop lamp life data.
Oxidative transformation of cyclic ethers/amines to lactones/lactams using a DIB/TBHP protocol (2013)

A novel C–H oxidation of cyclic ethers and amines to the corresponding lactones and lactams was developed using a DIB/TBHP protocol. The reaction is mild and no metallic reagent is involved. In addition, study shows that the electronic properties of the substituents could affect the selectivity of oxidation.
Human dopamine-beta-hydroxylase: comparison of the enzyme from plasma, adrenal medulla, and pheochromocytoma by radioimmunoassay. (1981)

A homologous radioimmunoassay for human plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) is described. An antiserum specific for the purified plasma enzyme was found to cross-react fully with soluble DBH isolated from human pheochromocytoma and normal adrenal medulla. Similarly, an assay developed using pheochromocytoma DBH as an antigen gave equivalent results, and the two methods were interchangeable for the determination of immunoreactive DBH in human plasma. Bovine adrenal medullary DBH, on the other hand, cross-reacted poorly in these assays. The homospecific activity of DBH in pooled, normal human plasma, expressed as units of enzymatic activity per milligram of immunoreactive protein, ranged from 3.1 to 5.8 units/mg. This compares favorably with DBH in a chromaffin granule lysate from pheochromocytoma, 3.8 units/mg, as well as normal human adrenal medulla, 4.1 units/mg. Plasma DBH was further separated into enzymatically active tetrameric and dimeric fractions. The homospecific activity of the predominant tetrameric fraction from pooled plasma was about 20% greater than the dimeric enzyme. The results of this study are compatible with the conclusion that various forms of soluble human DBH are immunologically indistinguishable by homologous radioimmunoassay. Comparison of the enzymatic and immunoreactive levels of circulating DBH, on the other hand, may be altered by structural differences between the multiple forms of the plasma enzyme.
Mode of Action of Streptozotocin (1971)

Streptozotocin induces rapid degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in actively dividing or resting Bacillus subtilis cells. Difference spectroscopy showed that the antibiotic interacts specifically with cytosine containing mononucleotides in vitro. This interference occurs only within the very narrow pH range of 5 to 5.5 and is reversed immediately upon lowering or increasing the pH. No measurable interaction was observed between isolated DNA and streptozotocin. The possibility is discussed that interaction of streptozotocin with cytosine residues in cellular DNA, although possibly taking place at a very low frequency, may constitute the primary step inducing DNA strand breakage.
Highly Stable and Biocompatible Nafion-Based Capsules with Controlled Permeability for Low-Molecular-Weight Species (2002)

Biocompatible hollow capsules have been formed by electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly of a perfluorinated ionomer (Nafion) in alternation with ferric ions onto polystyrene latex particles or organic microcrystals, followed by dissolution of the cores by tetrahydrofuran or dimethylformamide. The stepwise growth of multilayers was followed by UV-visible spectroscopy and microelectrophoresis. The formation of hollow capsules was verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning force microscopy. The hollow Fe3+/Nafion capsules displayed high stability over a wide range of pH values and at high temperature. Fluorescein transport through the Fe3+/Nafion capsule wall was studied by means of photochemical bleaching and recovery (PBR) of the capsule interior. A diffusion model is suggested to calculate the diffusion coefficient for low-molecular-weight species, which was determined to be in the order of 10(-12) cm2s. The permeability can be manipulated by changing the wall thickness of the capsules.
Enhancement of multi-pass 3D circular SAR images using sparse reconstruction techniques (2009)

This paper demonstrates image enhancement for wide-angle, multi-pass three-dimensional SAR applications. Without sufficient regularization, three-dimensional sparse-aperture imaging from realistic data-collection scenarios results in poor quality, low-resolution images. Sparsity-based image enhancement techniques may be used to resolve high-amplitude features in limited aspects of multi-pass imagery. Fusion of the enhanced images across multiple aspects in an approximate GLRT scheme results in a more informative view of the target. In this paper, we apply two sparse reconstruction techniques to measured data of a calibration top-hat and of a civilian vehicle observed in the AFRL publicly-released 2006 Circular SAR data set. First, we employ prominent-point autofocus in order to compensate for unknown platform motion and phase errors across multiple radar passes. Each sub-aperture of the autofocused phase history is digitally-spotlighted (spatially low-pass filtered) to eliminate contributions to the data due to features outside the region of interest, and then imaged with <i>l</i><sub>1</sub>-regularized least squares and CoSaMP. The resulting sparse sub-aperture images are non-coherently combined to obtain a wide-angle, enhanced view of the target.
The Synthesis of 5-Oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-ylideneacetic Acids (1980)

The 5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-ylideneacetic acids (2a), (3a), (9a), (10a), (11a), (12a) and (13a) have been synthesized by a procedure which allows the unambiguous assignment of the stereochemistry about the double bond in each isomer. The method, of general application, enables the acids to be prepared from the corresponding t-butyl esters with acid without isomerization about the double bond. The t-butyl esters are available from the Wittig reaction between anhydrides and t- butoxy-carbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane.Where mainly one isomer is produced in the Wittig reaction, isomerization to an easily separable mixture of the esters can be achieved. Aspects of the isomerization of enol-lactone esters (e.g. (2b)) are described.
Prediction on Cold Chain Logistics Demand of Urban Residents in Jiangsu Province during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period: Based on Estimates of GM (1,1) Model (2011)

This paper takes the total yield of products that need refrigerated transport as the impact factors of transport aggregate of cold chain logistics, such as meat, aquatic products, quick-frozen noodle, fruits, vegetables, dairy, and medicine. Through selecting the consumption data of urban residents on transported products via cold chain in Jiangsu Province from 2005 to 2000 as sample, this paper establishes grey prediction model GM(1, 1 ) of cold chain logistics demand and uses DPS7.05 software for test, to predict the cold chain logistics demand of urban residents in Jiangsu Province during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. The results show that in the period 2010-2015, the cold chain logistics demand of urban residents in Jiangsu Province is 1 151.589 1, 1 185.136 6, 1 219.661 3, 1 255.191 8, 1 291.757 3, 1 329.388 1 t respectively; in the period 2005-2010, me cold chain logistics demand of urban residents in Jiangsu Province increases at annual growth rate of 3.9%; in the period 2011-2015, the growth rate declines to some extent, increasing slowly at rate of 2.9%.
Key parameters of EUV resists for contact hole applications (2012)

Patterning contact hole (CH) features with good critical dimension uniformity (CDU) is one of the most critical challenges for 10nm node lithography and beyond. Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) is considered a potential candidate because of its better aerial imaging and larger k1 factor than ArF immersion. To apply EUV lithography to high volume manufacturing, EUV resists must overcome both the trade-off among resolution (R), local CD uniformity (LCDU), and sensitivity (S) at CH features and the RLS trade-off at line/space (LS) features. We evaluated various resist materials for CH patterning applications using the microexposure tools (METs) at SEMATECH in Albany, NY, and at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. In this study, we report the correlation between the lithographic performance of EUV resist at CH features and physical properties of chemically amplified resists (CARs) such as their dissolution behavior, the activation energy level of the protective group, and the acidity/acid diffusion length of the photoacid generator (PAG).
Privacy and identity management for everyone (2005)

The shift from a paper-based to an electronic-based society has dramatically reduced the cost of collecting, storing and processing individuals' personal information. As a result, it is becoming more common for businesses to "profile" individuals in order to present more personalized offers as part of their business strategy. While such profiles can be helpful and improve efficiency, they can also govern opaque decisions about an individual's access to services such as credit or an employment position. In many cases, profiling of personal data is done without the consent of the target individual.In the past decade, the European Union and its member states have implemented a legal framework to provide guidance on processing of personal data with the specific aim to restore the citizens' control over their data. To complement the legal framework, the prime (Privacy and Identity Management for Europe) project [14] has implemented a technical framework for processing personal data. prime's vision is to give individuals sovereignty over their personal data so that:
Microbubbles from Gas‐Generating Perfluorohexane Nanoemulsions for Targeted Temperature‐Sensitive Ultrasonography and Synergistic HIFU Ablation of Tumors (2013)

A special "small to big" temperature-responsive phase-transformation strategy based on the "acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV)" mechanism is developed for efficient targeted ultrasonography and synergistic high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) cancer surgery by engineering targeted nanoemulsions, which is systematically evaluated and successfully demonstrated in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo.
Remote grating-assisted excitation of  narrow-band surface plasmons (2010)

We show, based on theoretical analysis and realistic simulations, how a grating embedded in a dielectric substrate can excite surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on the top side of a flat metal film far removed from the grating. This remote SPP excitation is characterized by a narrow spectral bandwidth and a high near-field intensity relative to the standard approach for exciting SPPs. The simplicity of the structure and the fact that it requires only normally incident light should make it relevant to the many applications that benefit from high quality SPPs on a flat metal film.
The Demetallization of Residual Fuel Oil and Petroleum Residue (2010)

Abstract Heavy residual fractions were treated to remove metal contaminants by nonconventional methods, such as centrifugation, solvent extraction, and contacting the material with various chemicals and chelating agents. The centrifugal method was found to be effective in reducing water-soluble metal salts and the Na/V mass ratio was reduced from about 0.5 to about 0.1. The extraction method using polar solvent (ethyl acetate) was found to be very effective for removal of oil-soluble metals from heavy residual fractions. Among the acids used in the chemical treatment method, sulfuric acid showed the most promising results. Although sulfuric acid effectively removed sulfur and metals along with the resinous and asphaltic substances from petroleum, the formation of an emulsion was always a serious problem; when broken it yielded darkened oil and a lot of acid sludge. Most of the chemical agents appeared to be effective for the demetallization of heavy oils and residue. The contact of heavy residual fractions with aqueous solutions of FeCl3 and SnCl4 (0.1–0.5 M range) in acidic solution appeared to be effective. A pretreatment step before the traditional hydroprocessing methods is recommended for the upgrading of heavy oils.
Polymorphisms in the genes coding for iron binding and transporting proteins are associated with disability, severity, and early progression in multiple sclerosis (2012)

Polymorphisms in the genes coding for iron binding and transporting proteins, in the presence of local iron overload, might be responsible for suboptimal iron handling. This might account for the significant variability peculiar to MS phenotypes, particularly affecting MS risk and progression paving the way for personalized pharmacogenetic applications in the clinical practice.
Macrophage-colony-stimulating factor selectively enhances macrophage scavenger receptor expression and function. (1994)

Regulation of macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR) activity may be an important determinant of the extent of atherogenesis. The effect of macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) on this pathway was studied using a recently developed monoclonal antibody to murine MSR. M-CSF markedly and selectively increased MSR synthesis in murine macrophages: posttranslationally, the receptor appeared more stable and shifted to a predominantly surface distribution. Functionally, M-CSF enhanced modified lipoprotein uptake and increased divalent cation-independent adhesion in vitro. These results suggest a plausible mechanism whereby M-CSF production in the atheromatous plaque microenvironment could promote the recruitment and retention of mononuclear phagocytes and subsequent foam cell formation.
Idiopathic Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (2002)

The etiology of idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus is unknown, and there is no consensus as to the best treatment. Increasingly, ultrasound is being used to diagnose the condition prenatally, but the diagnosis remains clinical postnatally. Radiographs can help confirm the diagnosis and ascertain the severity of the condition. There are many classification schemes, but none offers adequate prognostic value. The mainstay of treatment is manipulation and casting, usually followed by soft-tissue release. However, some patients have been successfully treated with intensive physiotherapy instead of surgery.
Nanoelectronic Biosensing of Dynamic Cellular Activities Based on Nanostructured Materials (2010)

Abstract Detecting subtle cellular activities that occur dynamically as regulated temporally and spatially by molecular machinery is of obvious importance in fundamental biology as well as in drug discovery. Additionally, it demands fast and sensitive detection modality. The emerging nanoelectronic biosensors based on nanostructured materials have shown promising potential to resolve the dynamic biological processes of living cells with high sensitivity and high temporal and spatial resolution. Here, the recent advances in the nanoelectronic biosensing of regulated secretion of biomolecules and bioelectrical activities of ion channels using carbon nanotubes and silicon nanowires are briefly reviewed. The perspectives and key issues of future development are also discussed.