gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chamber properties from transmitral flow: prediction of average and passive left ventricular diastolic stiffness (2001)

A chamber stiffness (K(LV))-transmitral flow (E-wave) deceleration time relation has been invasively validated in dogs with the use of average stiffness [(DeltaP/DeltaV)(avg)]. K(LV) is equivalent to k(E), the (E-wave) stiffness of the parameterized diastolic filling model. Prediction and validation of 1) (DeltaP/DeltaV)(avg) in terms of k(E), 2) early rapid-filling stiffness [(DeltaP/DeltaV)(E)] in terms of k(E), and 3) passive (postdiastasis) chamber stiffness [(DeltaP/DeltaV)(PD)] from A waves in terms of the stiffness parameter for the Doppler A wave (k(A)) have not been achieved. Simultaneous micromanometric left ventricular (LV) pressure (LVP) and transmitral flow from 131 subjects were analyzed. (DeltaP)(avg) and (DeltaV)(avg) utilized the minimum LVP-LV end-diastolic pressure interval. (DeltaP/DeltaV)(E) utilized DeltaP and DeltaV from minimum LVP to E-wave termination. (DeltaP/DeltaV)(PD) utilized atrial systolic DeltaP and DeltaV. E- and A-wave analysis generated k(E) and k(A). For all subjects, noninvasive-invasive relations yielded the following equations: k(E) = 1,401. (DeltaP/DeltaV)(avg) + 59.2 (r = 0.84) and k(E) = 229.0. (DeltaP/DeltaV)(E) + 112 (r = 0.80). For subjects with diastasis (n = 113), k(A) = 1,640. (DeltaP/DeltaV)(PD) - 8.40 (r = 0.89). As predicted, k(A) showed excellent correlation with (DeltaP/DeltaV)(PD); k(E) correlated highly with (DeltaP/DeltaV)(avg). In vivo validation of average, early, and passive chamber stiffness facilitates quantitative, noninvasive diastolic function assessment from transmitral flow.
Current advances in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (2016)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of permanent central visual acuity loss in persons over 65 years of age in industrialized nations. Today, intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors are the mainstay of treatment worldwide. Areas covered: The following review covers the current treatments and challenges of wet AMD management. It also covers emerging therapies including radiation, latest generation anti-VEGF agents, and combination therapies. Expert opinion: Current neovascular AMD therapy is aimed at decreasing the VEGF effect at the choroidal neovascularization (CNV) complex. The most important existing challenges in the treatment of neovascular AMD are improving visual outcomes, decreasing the treatment burden, and minimizing geographic atrophy. Clinicians are using many treatment strategies to minimize intravitreal injections without sacrificing visual outcomes. Combination of anti-VEGF therapy with other previously available treatments that target a different pathophysiological mechanism may be a reasonable clinical strategy to minimize intravitreal injections. Many exciting novel drugs that target newly discovered pathways associated with CNV development and progression hold clinical promise. The results of ongoing randomized clinical trials will answer the important concerns surrounding new drugs and delivery devices: safety and visual outcomes.
LOSSLESS COMPRESSION AND ALPHABET SIZE (2006)

Lossless data compression through exploiting redundancy in a sequence of symbols is a well-studied field in computer science and information theory. One way to achieve compression is to statistically model the data and estimate model parameters. In practice, most general purpose data compression algorithms model the data as sta-tionary sequences of 8-bit symbols. While this model fits very well the currently used computer architectures and the vast majority of information representation standards, other models may have both computational and information theoretic merits in being more efficient in implementation or fitting some data closer. In addition, compression algorithms based on the 8 bit symbol model perform very poorly on data represented by binary sequences not aligned with byte boundaries either because the fixed symbol length is not a multiple of 8 bits (e.g. DNA sequences) or because the symbols of the source are encoded into bit sequences of variable length. Throughout this thesis, we assume that the source alphabet consists of blocks of equal size of elementary symbols (typically bits), and address the impact of this
Extending the roadmap beyond 3nm through system scaling boosters: A case study on Buried Power Rail and Backside Power Delivery (2019)

To ensure continuity in technology scaling, system level technology boosters will need to be introduced to complement Design-Technology Co-Optimization. We illustrate this evolution with the introduction of buried power rails and backside power delivery. These can provide 20% and 30% area scaling benefit respectively. Backside power delivery further improves IR drop providing up to 15% performance enhancement enabling PPAC scaling at system level.
Fiber‐Type Solar Cells, Nanogenerators, Batteries, and Supercapacitors for Wearable Applications (2018)

Wearable electronic devices represent a paradigm change in consumer electronics, on-body sensing, artificial skins, and wearable communication and entertainment. Because all these electronic devices require energy to operate, wearable energy systems are an integral part of wearable devices. Essentially, the electrodes and other components present in these energy devices should be mechanically strong, flexible, lightweight, and comfortable to the user. Presented here is a critical review of those materials and devices developed for energy conversion and storage applications with an objective to be used in wearable devices. The focus is mainly on the advances made in the field of solar cells, triboelectric generators, Li-ion batteries, and supercapacitors for wearable device development. As these devices need to be attached/integrated with the fabric, the discussion is limited to devices made in the form of ribbons, filaments, and fibers. Some of the important challenges and future directions to be pursued are also highlighted.
Charge-Discharge Behavior of the C.G.E. Circulating Zinc-Air Vehicle Battery (1977)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">THE PRIMARY UNIT of the C.G.E. zinc-air electric vehicle battery has been described in previous publications. It consists of a constant cross-section tubular fuel cell using zinc powder in circulating 12 N KOH solution. All the reaction product (zincate) is maintained in colloidal solution. The system is capable of lifetimes in excess of 1,800 hours and will be of low cost. The present paper deals with the technical aspects of recharge of the system, which, in contrast to the primary cell, is still in the laboratory engineering stage. The limitations of the system are discussed and the overall performance based on different parameters is given. A number of different economic options are examined.</div>
The model for a laser distance tracking 3D coordinates vision measuring system (2010)

A laser distance tracking 3D coordinates vision measuring system is proposed. It mainly consists of a CCD camera, a laser rangefinder, a computer and a light pen. When measuring, the CCD camera registers the direction of every light-reflecting point mounted on the light pen. According to these measured directions, the laser rangefinder can track and capture each light-reflecting point, and record the distance between one of the four light-reflecting points and the laser rangefinder. Using the measured directions and distance, the system can calculate the 3D coordinates of the point touched by the pen-point. Based on the perspective n-point problem principle, the system mathematic model is established. By introducing the distance parameter, this model can be solved linearly, and its solution is unique. On the basis of the redundancy technology, the 3D coordinates analytic equations of the measured point and its solving method are given. Compared with the single CCD camera coordinates measuring system, experiment result shows that this system measuring stability precision is 0.336mm, 0.031mm and 0.011mm higher than that of the former in the direction of Z, Y, X axis respectively.
Towards an accurate and automated characterisation of multi-junction solar cells (2009)

A theoretical approach of automated characterisation\nof single as well as multi-junction\nsolar cells has been developed. The method\nwill be implemented in CREST’s measurement\nsystem. It delivers not only I-V characteristics\nat reference spectrum but also absolute spectral\nresponse of the test cell. Thus it opens the\nway for inline spectral response measurements.\nThe method requires nothing more than\na multisource solar simulator, some basic information\nabout the test cell and a calibrated\nreference cell.\nSingle- and multi-junction measurement procedures\nare briefly reviewed; the automatic\nmeasurement approach is explained and underlined\nwith real and simulation results.
Intra-arterial nimodipine for the treatment of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: preliminary results. (2004)

Intra-arterial nimodipine is effective and safe for the treatment of symptomatic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Further prospective randomized studies of cerebral blood flow are needed to confirm these results.
Epidemiología molecular de la tuberculosis en el Perú (2011)

La tuberculosis (TB) es un gran problema de salud pública. La biología molecular ha aportado significativamente al estudio\nde la epidemiología de la TB a través de diversos métodos como el RFLP. Con ello se ha podido describir mejor los brotes\nepidémicos de TB, la dinámica de transmisión, el estudio de TB posprimaria, los factores de riesgo para TB en población\ngeneral y en grupos vulnerables, la identificación de fuentes de contaminación en laboratorios u hospitales, la distribución\ngeográfica de clones de s y la resistencia a medicamentos. En el Perú se han realizado diversos\nestudios moleculares para estudiar estos fenómenos epidemiológicos de TB, los que ayudarán a caracterizar con mayor\nprecisión la situación de la TB en el país, proveyendo elementos clave para su control. Presentamos una breve revisión de\ncómo se ha estudiado molecularmente laTBen el Perú.
<title>High-performance software-only H.261 video compression on PC</title> (1996)

This paper describes an implementation of a software H.261 codec for PC, that takes an advantage of the fast computational algorithms for DCT-based video compression, which have been presented by the author at the February's 1995 SPIE/IS&T meeting. The motivation for developing the H.261 prototype system is to demonstrate a feasibility of real time software- only videoconferencing solution to operate across a wide range of network bandwidth, frame rate, and resolution of the input video. As the bandwidths of current network technology will be increased, the higher frame rate and resolution of video to be transmitted is allowed, that requires, in turn, a software codec to be able to compress pictures of CIF (352 X 288) resolution at up to 30 frame/sec. Running on Pentium 133 MHz PC the codec presented is capable to compress video in CIF format at 21 - 23 frame/sec. This result is comparable to the known hardware-based H.261 solutions, but it doesn't require any specific hardware. The methods to achieve high performance, the program optimization technique for Pentium microprocessor along with the performance profile, showing the actual contribution of the different encoding/decoding stages to the overall computational process, are presented.
Reliable Local Broadcast in a Wireless Network Prone to Byzantine Failures. (2007)

Reliable broadcast can be a very useful primitive for many distributed applications, especially in the context of sensoractuator networks. Recently, the issue of reliable broadcast has been addressed in the context of the radio network model that is characterized by a shared channel, and where a transmission is heard by all nodes within the sender’s neighborhood. This basic defining feature of the radio network model can be termed as the reliable local broadcast assumption. However, in actuality, wireless networks do not exhibit such perfect and predictable behavior. Thus any attempt at distributed protocol design for multi-hop wireless networks based on the idealized radio network model requires the availability of a reliable local broadcast primitive that can provide guarantees of such idealized behavior. We present a simple proof-of-concept approach toward the implementation of a reliable local broadcast primitive with probabilistic guarantees, with the intent to highlight the potential for lightweight scalable solutions to achieve probabilistic reliable local broadcast in a wireless network.
Autonomous parvovirus transduction of a gene under control of tissue-specific or inducible promoters. (1996)

Several classes of viruses are in use, or are being developed, as gene therapy vectors. Viruses with small genomes containing few essential genes have the advantage of requiring only simple complementation systems to allow packaging of foreign DNA, substituted for the entire viral coding sequences. Retroviruses and the dependent parvovirus AAV (adeno-associated virus) have been used in this way, and both possess an efficient integration mechanism which should allow long-term expression of transduced genes. In some situations, however, long-term persistence may be undesirable and there is a need for small, non-integrating viral vectors. Autonomous parvoviruses, such as LuIII, have potential as such vectors for short-term expression of therapeutic genes. We previously described recombinants of LuIII that transduced reporter genes, expressed using the viral constitutive promoter, P4. We have now generated several recombinants containing regulated promoters. A virus including a liver-specific enhancer directed 10- to 20-fold preferential expression of the luciferase reporter in transduced human hepatoma (HepG2) versus HeLa cells. In additional LuIII recombinants, the luciferase reporter was linked with chimeric promoters containing binding sequences for either the yeast GAL4 protein or the bacterial tetracycline repressor. Luciferase expression was strongly activated when these viruses were used to infect cells containing a cognate trans-activator (GAL4 or tTA, a tetracycline repressor fusion with VP16 of herpes simplex), introduced by transfection. The response to tTA could be abolished, or reduced in a graded manner, by exposure of the infected cells to tetracycline. Further results suggested that an increase in basal expression, apparently mediated by the viral left terminal inverted repeat, could be minimized by interposing polyadenylation signals between this sequence and the promoter. These results confirm that appropriate transcriptional regulation can be achieved for genes transduced by an autonomous parvovirus vector. Such vectors therefore show promise for the delivery of therapeutic genes in situations requiring cell-specific, short-term expression, eg in targeting suicide genes for ablation of cancer cells.
A new method to determine frequency characteristics of the respiratory system (1976)

A technique is described allowing one to determine simultaneously the resistance and reactance of the total respiratory system for various frequencies. During spontaneous breathing, regularly recurring impulses are produced at the mouth by means of a loud speaker. A Fourier analysis of the mouth pressure and flow signals yields mean resistance and reactance values, over 16 s, for all harmonics of 2 Hz up to 30 Hz. The values are in good agreement with those obtained in the absence of breathing and those determined by means of the forced oscillation technique and by body plethysmography. The reproducibility of the measurements is satisfactory (coefficient of variation: 11.6%).
Spatially and temporally resolved IR image detection with a semiconductor-gas-discharge device (1994)

We suggest a method for spatially and temporally resolved IR-image detection by using a semiconductor-gas discharge (SGD-) structure. The operation of the device is based on the conversion of IR-radiation into the visible spectral range. Especially, we discuss the influence of the system parameters on the operation of the device and propose a technical realization for a real time IR-image conversion camera based on the converter cell in connection with a standard CCD-camera. In combination with a gateable CCD-camera or an electron-optical recording technique (e.g., streak- or framing camera), the converter structure could be used for high speed IR-imaging in the microsecond range.
Enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by surfactant (1986)

Effects of surfactants on enzymatic saccharification of cellulose have been studied. Nonionic, amphoteric, and cationic surfactants enhanced the saccharification, while anionic surfactant did not. Cationic and anionic surfactants denatured cellulase in their relatively low concentrations, namely, more than 0.008 and 0.001%, respectively. Using nonionic surfactant Tween 20, which is most effective to the enhancement (e.g., the fractional conversion attained by 72 h saccharification of 5 wt % Avicel in the presence of 0.05 wt % Tween 20 is increased by 35%), actions of surfactant have been examined. As the results, it was suggested that Tween 20 plays an important role in the hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose and that Tween 20 disturbs the adsorption of endoglucanase on cellulose, i.e., varies the adsorption balance of endo- and exoglucanase, resulting in enhancing the reaction. The influence of Tween 20 to the saccharification was found to remain in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of Avicel.
Survivability—a new technical and business perspective on security (1999)

Article Survivability—a new technical and business perspective on security Share on Authors: Howard F. Lipson CERTlt;supgt;®lt;/supgt; Coordination Center, Software Engineering Institute, 4500 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA CERTlt;supgt;®lt;/supgt; Coordination Center, Software Engineering Institute, 4500 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , David A. Fisher CERTlt;supgt;®lt;/supgt; Coordination Center, Software Engineering Institute, 4500 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA CERTlt;supgt;®lt;/supgt; Coordination Center, Software Engineering Institute, 4500 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile Authors Info & Claims NSPW '99: Proceedings of the 1999 workshop on New security paradigmsSeptember 1999 Pages 33–39https://doi.org/10.1145/335169.335187Online:01 September 1999Publication History 12citation3,257DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations12Total Downloads3,257Last 12 Months21Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Characterization of Nitrogen Transformations, Sorption and Volatilization Processes In Urea Fertilized Soils (2005)

The fate and transport of nitrogen compounds in urea‐fertilized soils has historically been a topic of great interest. At present, several models exists for simulating the various transformations involved. A major constraint in the application of these models is the assignment of numerical values to the coefficients that quantify these transformations. This study attempts to characterize the processes linked to the hydrolysis of urea, adsorption and volatilization of ammonia, and nitrification in agricultural soils. We followed the temporal sequence of volatilization of ammonia in two different soils fertilized with urea under controlled conditions in the laboratory. The amounts of nitrate and ammonia in soil were also measured at the end of each trial. Several modeling alternatives were analyzed in order to accurately reproduce the results. Among these alternatives, the most successful approaches included the kinetics of urea hydrolysis and ammonia adsorption and desorption processes. Urea hydrolysis required a parameter accounting for an activation time, which was found to be greater at relatively high urea concentrations and low experimental temperatures. The adopted methodology in this study can provide rate data for N transformation and coupled sorption processes critically needed in N fate and transport studies. Values were estimated for kinetic coefficients which may be useful in general‐purpose models. Rate data presented in this work quantify the effects of temperature, soil moisture, and initial concentration of applied urea on the dynamics of urea hydrolysis, nitrification, and ammonia sorption and volatilization.
Trazodone Treatment Response in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder &ndash; Correlated with Shifts in Glucose Metabolism in the Caudate Nuclei (1987)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe psychiatric illness that is difficult to treat. The effects of trazodone hydrochloride treatment were studied, both with and without the addition of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, in OCD patients. Changes in symptoms correlated with changes in local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (LCMRGlc), as measured by positron emission tomography and the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose method. All patients whose OCD responded favorably to drug treatment showed a relative increase in glucose metabolism in the heads of the caudate nuclei compared with the metabolic rate in the ipsilateral hemisphere as a whole (ratio LCMRGlc caudate/LCMRGlc hemisphere). Patients who did not respond to treatment did not show an increase in this ratio, and the difference between responders and nonresponders was significant (p less than 0.03). Changes in the ratio LCMRGlc caudate/LCMRGlc hemisphere correlated with changes on OCD and depression rating scales.
Visible-Light-Activated Nanoparticle Photocatalyst of Iodine-Doped Titanium Dioxide (2005)

A novel class of visible-light-activated TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by direct hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate through iodine-doping. When calcination temperature is at 673 K, these nanoparticles (mean diameter of ∼5 nm) show stronger absorption in the 400−550 nm range with a red shift in the band gap transition and significantly higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO2 prepared by the same procedure and Degussa P-25 titania nanoparticles in aqueous phenol solution under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm). Furthermore, I-doped TiO2 (673 K) still showed pronounced photocatalytic activity under UV and visible light irradiation.