gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel porous mechanical framework for modelling the interaction between coronary perfusion and myocardial mechanics (2011)

The strong coupling between the flow in coronary vessels and the mechanical deformation of the myocardial tissue is a central feature of cardiac physiology and must therefore be accounted for by models of coronary perfusion. Currently available geometrically explicit vascular models fail to capture this interaction satisfactorily, are numerically intractable for whole organ simulations, and are difficult to parameterise in human contexts. To address these issues, in this study, a finite element formulation of an incompressible, poroelastic model of myocardial perfusion is presented. Using high-resolution ex vivo imaging data of the coronary tree, the permeability tensors of the porous medium were mapped onto a mesh of the corresponding left ventricular geometry. The resultant tensor field characterises not only the distinct perfusion regions that are observed in experimental data, but also the wide range of vascular length scales present in the coronary tree, through a multi-compartment porous model. Finite deformation mechanics are solved using a macroscopic constitutive law that defines the coupling between the fluid and solid phases of the porous medium. Results are presented for the perfusion of the left ventricle under passive inflation that show wall-stiffening associated with perfusion, and that show the significance of a non-hierarchical multi-compartment model within a particular perfusion territory.
Oligodendrocyte Specification in Zebrafish Requires Notch-Regulated Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Function (2005)

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (Cdkis) influence both cell-cycle progression and differentiation of neural cells. However, the precise roles of Cdkis in coordinating formation of neurons and glia and the mechanisms that regulate expression of genes that encode Cdkis in the vertebrate CNS remain unknown. Here, we report that, in zebrafish, expression of the Cdki gene cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1c (cdkn1c), a p57 homolog, is negatively regulated by Delta-Notch signaling and that Cdkn1c function is required for neural plate cells to stop dividing and differentiate as neurons on schedule, even in the absence of Notch signaling activity. Furthermore, Cdkn1c function is required for specification of oligodendrocytes from ventral spinal cord precursors. We propose that levels of cdkn1c expression are an important factor in regulating neural development: high levels of Cdkn1c promote cell-cycle exit and neuronal development, whereas, during late embryogenesis, neural cells that have low but functional levels of Cdkn1c, regulated by Notch activity, are specified for oligodendrocyte fate.
The Crystalline State (1983)

If a material is allowed to cool slowly from the liquid state the shape of the cooling curve obtained may be either continuous (Figure 4.1(a)), or show discontinuities (Figure 4.1(b), (c)). As the temperature falls there is a steady decrease in the kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules that make up the liquid, and hence a steady increase in the viscosity of the fluid. Materials that show cooling curves of the type shown in Figure 4.1(a) change during cooling from true fluids, through stages of steadily increasing viscosity, into an apparently solid condition. The atoms or molecules present still have the same type of random arrangement that existed in the true fluid state. Such materials are amorphous solids or glasses.
3-Hydroxycoumarin as a new matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of DNA (2006)

3-Hydroxycoumarin (3-HC) was designed, synthesized, and tested as a matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analyses of a variety of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides ranging long from three to 70 bases. Using the matrix solution of 3-HC dissolved in a mixed solvent of acetone and diammonium hydrogen citrate, DNA segments over the mass range 800 Da to 6900 Da were isotopically resolved with high signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. The individual isotopic molecular ion peaks of a group of 23-mer mixed-base oligomers differing by one or two bases with mass differences of 9 or 7 Da were recorded. Larger oligodeoxynucleotide segments of 34-mer, 50-mer, and 70-mer have also been analyzed effectively. Less than 250 attomol of a 10-mer DNA segment was clearly detected without any fragmentation. The new matrix can be used for the analysis of DNA segments in both positive- and negative-ion modes, and the quality of all negative-ion mode spectra are as good as that obtained in positive-ion mode shown in this paper. Compared with conventional matrices of 3-hydroxypicolinic acid (3-HPA) and 6-aza-2-thiothymine (ATT), 3-HC had noticeable improvement in resolution, S/N ratio, spot-to-spot-, and sample-to-sample reproducibility for analyzed DNA segments.
Platelet Aggregation Unchanged by Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Inhibition: Results from an In Vitro Study and Two Randomized Phase I Trials (2014)

1) Study 1: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01745458 2) Study 2: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00387257.
Feeding habits, Overweight, Obesity and Hypertension and Associated Factors among Polytechnic Students in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria (2020)

Overweight and obesity is a risk factor to chronic non-communicable diseases. This study assessed level of overweight/obesity and blood pressure among students of a higher institution in Southwest Nigeria. This cross-section study involved 300 students of a public higher institution in Ado- Ekiti, Southwest, Nigeria. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on personal characteristics, feeding pattern and lifestyle of the students. Body Mass Index (BMI) was categorized into normal weight (BMI<25) and overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25). Waist circumference and waist-hip-ratio (WHR) were classified as normal and at risk. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg. Chi square test was used to establish relationship between variables at 5% level of significance. The mean age of the students was 22.25 years and 62.8% were above 20years. Monthly allowance less than ₦30000.00 was received by 64.4% of the students, 47.3% skipped breakfast meal, 96% consumed carbonated soft drinks and 37.1% did not engaged in physical exercise. Prevalence of general obesity was 17.1% (BMI≥25); 7% and 15.5% were at risk of abdominal and central obesity respectively. Students in systolic pre-hypertension and stage I hypertension were 33.3% and 3% respectively whereas 15.5% and 2.4% were in diastolic pre-hypertension and stage I hypertension respectively. Female gender, monthly allowance less than ₦30000.00 and adolescent stage were associated with obesity. Older age, male gender and monthly allowance less than ₦30000.00 were associated with BP. Nutrition education is recommended for this population group.
Elevated platelet count is a strong predictor of poor prognosis in stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients (2014)

Stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) show a highly variable biological behavior which cannot be accurately predicted by the current available prognostic markers. Platelet plays a significant role in cancer cell growth, progression and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate whether preoperative platelet count correlate with clinical prognosis in localized NSCLC. A retrospective clinical analysis was designed for a total of 234 stage I NSCLC patients in our hospital between October 2006 and December 2009. Pre-operative platelet count was measured. The association of platelet count with clinical pathological factors and patient outcome was evaluated. A significant correlation was detected between platelet count and tumor cell differentiation and T stage. Patients with elevated platelet count had an elevated risk of disease progression and death compared to patients with normal platelet count. The hazard ratio was 5.314 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.750-10.269) for disease progression and 3.139 (95% CI 1.227-8.034) for death. The trend linking increasing platelet count with risk was also statistically significant for both the outcomes (p < 0.05). These finding demonstrate that preoperative platelet count is a useful predictor of high risk progression and poor prognosis in stage I NSCLC patients.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of nickel aluminide powders consolidated by extrusion and hot isostatic pressing (1990)

The influence of alloying additions of iron and chromium, alone and in combination with molybdenum and zirconium, on the heat treatment response and mechanical properties of powder metallurgy Ni{sub 3}Al based materials consolidated by hot extrusion has been characterized in detail. Consolidation of the nickel aluminide powders by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) has been examined as an alternative to extrusion. Densification has been simulated using a model that describes consolidation by the additive effects of plastic flow, power-law creep, boundary diffusion, and Nabarro-Herring and Coble creep. The model has been used to develop maps that describe densification for any combination of time, temperature, and pressure. The best available material property data and parameters from experiments have been used to develop maps that describe HIP consolidation experiments with reasonable accuracy. Finite element models were developed as an extension of the HIP map approach to provide detailed simulations of particle deformation during densification. Preliminary results for both monosized and bimodal particle distributions indicate that this particle level approach is useful for simulating microstructural development resulting from different combinations of consolidation parameters. 45 refs., 22 figs., 22 figs., 4 tabs.
Interactions between a Mobile Virtual Network Operator and External Networks with Regard to Service Triggering (2007)

Traditional mobile operators invested huge amounts of money in the 1990s to build the current 2G wireless networks, like GSM networks in Europe. Those networks have proven to be stable. In most cases, their capacity has not yet been exhausted. Furthermore, the marketing departments of mobile operators now consider the commercial possibility of selling mobile subscriptions through new channels, like supermarkets. The concept of mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) arose. Some of them are just new brands and do not own any telecommunications equipment. Other companies do own part of the network: these are the mobile virtual network enablers (MVNE). They provide part of the network infrastructure, while the MVNO serve end- customers. When it comes to service triggering, the interaction between the MVNE and the traditional mobile operator, called in this present study the host network, and with visited networks becomes a critical issue, which we shall consider in this paper based on an actual implementation example.
Genomic mismatch scanning: Current progress and potential applications (1995)

Genomic mismatch scanning (GMS) is a new method of genetic mapping which attempts to purify and map the regions of identity between two complex genomes in a single test. Identical DNA fragments from two genomic sources are enriched in two steps: (i) after reannealing of the two genomes, heterohybrids are purified by using a combination of a restriction methylase and methylation-sensitive endonucleases, (ii) heterohybrids that contain mismatches are nicked in vitro by the E. coli MutHLS mismatch repair system and are eliminated subsequently from the pool, leaving only mismatch-free heterohybrids. The genomic origin of this selected pool of DNA fragments is then mapped in a single hybridization step onto metaphase chromosomes or ordered DNA arrays. The principal advantages of GMS are (i) it approaches the theoretical limit of mapping power and resolution offered by an arbitrarily dense set of completely informative polymorphic markers and (ii) it results in a great increase in the effective number of informative markers without a corresponding increase in the number of individual tests. Thus, it should provide an efficient method for affected-relative-pair linkage mapping and for linkage disequilibrium mapping. In addition, a variation of GMS may allow rapid genomic scanning for regions of homozygosity-by-descent or somatic loss-of-heterozygosity. The feasibility of GMS has been validated in the 15 mb genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This article discusses the principles of GMS, the application to more complex genomes, and the possible uses of GMS.
Moral Rights and the Realistic Limits of Artistic Control (1984)

This Comment explores the relative positions of musical composers, visual artists, and writers against the available legal protections for their personal rights. As one author recognizes: "[E]ven as American law begins to recognize artists' rights beyond copyright, it does so within a tradition that is concerned for the interests of many parties."
Automotive Lamp Outage Detection (1972)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A presentation of potential solutions for detecting and indicating failed exterior automotive running lamps is provided. Comments and summaries of research in the areas of reed switches, photocells, magnetics, and electronic devices are given.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Basic design specifications are established along with the posing of other significant system design criteria that must be resolved by automotive companies or safety requirements.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The electromagnetically actuated reed switch best satisfies the design requirements for a stable, economical, and usable system. Comprehensive theoretical reed relay systems are presented and their impact on the automotive electrical system is discussed.</div>
PremAir® Catalyst System<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">*</xref> - Long-term On-road Aging Results (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Recently Volvo Car Corporation introduced the new PremAir<sup>®</sup> catalyst system from Engelhard Corporation on their S80 luxury sedan and the new V70 estate wagon. In this paper, performance results of this catalyst system after long-term mileage accumulation will be presented. Urban taxi vehicles were used to test the catalyst over 110,000 miles. The rate of deactivation in long-term catalyst performance was found to be dependent on the radiator design, and was least for the radiator design with the highest total geometric surface area. Subsequently, a new catalyst version was developed in order to minimize the deactivation rate. This new catalyst has been evaluated under similar taxi driving conditions over 80,000 miles, and has shown improved durability performance.</div>
Micro-optical resonators for microlasers and integrated optoelectronics: recent advances and future challenges (2006)

Optical microcavities trap light in compact volumes by the mechanisms of almost total internal reflection or distributed Bragg reflection, enable light amplification, and select out specific (resonant) frequencies of light that can be emitted or coupled into optical guides, and lower the thresholds of lasing. Such resonators have radii from 1 to 100 mkm and can be fabricated in a wide range of materials. Devices based on optical resonators are essential for cavity quantum-electro-dynamic experiments, frequency stabilization, optical filtering and switching, light generation, biosensing, and nonlinear optics.
Privacy in the Family: Its Hierarchical and Asymmetric Nature (2000)

This article examines the nature of privacy in the family. It provides an empirical illustration of privacy zonings within the private sphere of the family that is based on survey data from 4 I 4 Chinese residents in Hong Kong. The results of the analysis point to two main features in the respondents’ conception of privacy: first, the permeability of interpersonal boundaries shows a hierarchical pattern linked to the intimacy hierarchy between the individual and the other family members; second, the level of desire for privacy is different between counterparts in ‘dyad relationships, such as husband-wife, parent-child, brother-sister. Although differences do not occur across all privacy components, they appear to be connected to the asymmetric power structure in the traditional Chinese family.
Discovery of a Highly Potent, Orally Active Mitosis/Angiogenesis Inhibitor R1530 for the Treatment of Solid Tumors (2013)

A new series of 7,8-disubstituted pyrazolobenzodiazepines based on the lead compound 1 have been synthesized and evaluated for their effects on mitosis and angiogenesis. Described herein is the design, synthesis, SAR, and antitumor activity of these compounds leading to the identification of R1530, which was selected for clinical evaluation.
DC-drift free polarization independent Ti:LiNbO/sub 3/ 8/spl times/8 optical matrix switch (1996)

An 8/spl times/8 optical matrix switch is demonstrated on X-cut, Z-propagating Ti:LiNbO/sub 3/. Two stage Ti indiffusion technique is employed to fabricate low loss optical waveguides. The switch with a simplified tree structure, showed polarization independent and DC-drift free operation with a switching voltage of 47 V.
Increased occurrence of psoriasis in patients with Crohn's disease and their relatives. (1990)

One hundred thirty-six unselected patients with Crohn's disease (43 men, 93 women) were studied for the possibility of psoriasis and questioned regarding their family history, as were 136 controls, matched for age and sex. Psoriasis was present in 13 of the 136 patients with Crohn's disease (9.6%), compared with three of 136 controls (2.2%) (p less than 0.02). Age at onset and anatomical site of Crohn's disease did not influence the result, and there was no difference between the sexes. Fourteen (three with psoriasis) of the 136 Crohn's patients (10%) had a family history of psoriasis in first-degree relatives compared with four of 136 controls (2.9%) (p less than 0.02). Psoriasis is more common in patients with Crohn's disease and their first-degree relatives than in controls, suggesting the possibility of a genetic link. Psoriasis should be included among the extraintestinal manifestations of the condition.
SOA for future PONs (2018)

SOA applicability to provide up to 35 dB power budget for high-rate T(W)DM-PON is analyzed. Booster and pre-amplifier in PON-applications will have utmost importance in 50 Gbit/s/λ IM-DD and could also be applied in coherent access solutions.
Comparison of the Substrate Preferences of ω3 Fatty Acid Desaturases for Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (2019)

Omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 LC-PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5ω3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6ω3) are important fatty acids for human health. These ω3 LC-PUFAs are produced from their ω3 precursors by a set of desaturases and elongases involved in the biosynthesis pathway and are also converted from ω6 LC-PUFA by omega-3 desaturases (ω3Ds). Here, we have investigated eight ω3-desaturases obtained from a cyanobacterium, plants, fungi and a lower animal species for their activities and compared their specificities for various C18, C20 and C22 ω6 PUFA substrates by transiently expressing them in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> leaves. Our results showed hitherto unreported activity of many of the ω3Ds on ω6 LC-PUFA substrates leading to their conversion to ω3 LC-PUFAs. This discovery could be important in the engineering of EPA and DHA in heterologous hosts.
Extended modulation bandwidth of DBR and external cavity lasers by utilizing a cavity resonance for equalization (2000)

We have investigated the occurrence of a second resonance frequency in distributed Bragg reflector laser diodes and the high modulation bandwidth resulting from it. The influence of different laser parameters has been theoretically investigated. It is also shown that a similar behavior can be obtained in laser diodes with a passive, low-loss, and gratingless external cavity. The possibilities of large-signal digital modulation are also investigated.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Trap Suppresses Ovarian Function at All Stages of the Luteal Phase in the Macaque (2005)

VEGF is essential for both the development and maintenance of luteal function.
Effect of Ba Addition on the Properties of Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconductors (1988)

The addition of Ba to Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductors exhibits the effect of raising the T c zero value to a higher temperature region, although too much Ba gives rise to semiconducting resistance-temperature behavior. The added Ba has the effect of decomposing the structure of the 80 K phase, leading to the production of BaBiO 3 and BaCuO 2 and enhancing the high- T c phase formation.
Supply Chain Design: Safety Stock Placement and Supply Chain Configuration. (2003)

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses two approaches to safety stock placement, which are termed as “stochastic-service model” and the “guaranteed-service model.” In the stochastic-service model, each stage in the supply chain maintains a safety stock sufficient to meet its service level target. In this setting, a stage that has one or more upstream-adjacent supply stages has to characterize its replenishment time taking into account the likelihood that these suppliers will meet a replenishment request from stock. In the guaranteed-service model, each stage provides a guaranteed service to its customer stages. In this setting, a supply stage sets a service time to its downstream customer and then holds sufficient inventory so that it can always satisfy the service-time commitment. A key assumption in this model is to assume that demand is bounded for the purpose of making the service-time guarantee. The chapter also discusses how the supply chain can be optimally configured. The notion of options are introduced for each stage in the supply chain, where the options differ in terms of lead-time and cost.
Enlarged shift of light frequency in a modified Bragg cell (1998)

Ultrasonic light interaction in a slightly modified Bragg cell in the form of a truncated pyramid is considered theoretically. It is shown that the duration of the interaction can be increased by a factor of . The ultrasonic wave not only modulates the light wave in space but can also significantly increase its frequency and energy. Properties of moving optical resonators formed by the ultrasonic wave in the cell in relation to its taper and the intensity of the ultrasonic wave, optimal regimes of the interaction, maximally possible frequency shift, physical mechanisms responsible for the frequency shift, and possible generalization of the cell are considered.
A Systems Biology Approach Identifies a R2R3 MYB Gene Subfamily with Distinct and Overlapping Functions in Regulation of Aliphatic Glucosinolates (2007)

It seems that these cruciferous-specific MYB regulatory genes have evolved both overlapping and specific regulatory capacities. This provides a unique system within which to study the evolution of MYB regulatory factors and their downstream targets.
Imaging and characterizing influenza A virus mRNA transport in living cells (2008)

The mechanisms of influenza A virus mRNA intracellular transport are still not clearly understood. Here, we visualized the distribution and transport of influenza A virus mRNA in living cells using molecular beacon (MB) technology. Confocal-FRAP measurements determined that the transport of influenza A virus intronless mRNA, in both nucleus and cytoplasm, was energy dependent, being similar to that of Poly(A)(+) RNA. Drug inhibition studies in living cells revealed that the export of influenza A virus mRNA is independent of the CRM1 pathway, while the function of RNA polymerase II (RNAP-II) may be needed. In addition, viral NS1 protein and cellular TAP protein were found associated with influenza A virus mRNA in the cell nucleus. These findings characterize influenza A virus mRNA transport in living cells and suggest that influenza A virus mRNA may be exported from the nucleus by the cellular TAP/p15 pathway with NS1 protein and RNAP-II participation.