gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Urea monitoring during dialysis: the wave of the future. A tale of two cities. (1991)

The National Cooperative Dialysis Study (NCDS) suggested that the removal of small molecules controls the adequacy of the dialysis prescription, and it would seem appropriate that renal units regularly carry out formal urea kinetic modeling to ensure that the adequacy of dialysis is provided. Current methods of calculating Kt/V (urea) are complex and require the accurate measurement of dialyzer urea clearance and calculation of the volume of distribution of urea. This may be done by the direct measurement of total urea removed or by the use of computer programs that examine plasma urea and weight changes over time. Both methods have inherent problems, and this has stimulated the search for easier "bedside" formulas for the calculation of Kt/V. These newer formulas involve examination of the percentage reduction in blood urea concentration during hemodialysis. Two such formulas were examined and applied to 78 patients undergoing hemodialysis in two centers. One center routinely carried out formal urea kinetic modeling; the other did not. In the first center, it was found that the majority of patients were receiving more dialysis than necessary to achieve Kt/V (urea) = 1 when the latter was judged by those formulas. This suggested the possibility of time savings, with considerable implications for cost efficiency. In the second center, the majority of patients required more dialysis. It was concluded that intermittent formal urea kinetic modeling tends to overshoot the necessary prescription to allow for occasional "imperfect" dialyses and also that it is impossible to base dialysis prescriptions on routine pre-dialysis blood work and a "feel" for patients' needs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Emergency Steering - Which System is Best? (1981)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Manufacturers of many types of construction, logging, mining and material handling equipment are concerned about providing emergency steering capability on their vehicles.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper offers a comparison of the three most commonly used methods - Ground Driven Pump, D.C. Driven Pump and Accumulator - including suggested circuits and pros and cons of all three systems.</div>
Blood Vessel Growth in the Endometrium (1995)

Angiogenesis, or formation of new blood vessels by sprout formation from existing vessels, is generally considered to be the only mechanism by which blood vessel growth occurs. This traditional concept of angiogenesis has been derived largely from observations of experimental systems. Relatively fewer studies on angiogenesis have been carried out using normal angiogenic situations where vessel growth occurs in a controlled three-dimensional fashion throughout the tissue. Recent advances in the treatment of infertility and outpatient gynecological procedures have led to greater accessibility to normal human endometrium, thus providing new opportunities to study the process of angiogenesis in a physiological context. However, to date, it appears that very little work had been done in relation to endometrial angiogenesis apart from the location of numerous angiogenic and other growth factors with potential to influence angiogenesis in the endometrium, and here there have been few attempts to link these observations with actual angiogenic events. The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature regarding angiogenesis in the endometrium, including work from our own laboratory, and to suggest that blood vessel growth in the endometrium may occur by a mechanism that differs from classical angiogenesis.
Accurate estimation of short read mapping quality for next-generation genome sequencing (2012)

matthew.ruffalo@case.edu.
An 8 Gb/s QPSK optical homodyne detection experiment using external-cavity laser diodes (1992)

A quadrature-phase-shift-keying optical homodyne detection experiment was conducted at a bit rate of 8 Gb/s. External-cavity laser diodes and a single-body QPSK phase modulator were used. The optical carrier was recovered by a decision-directed phase-locked loop. The first reported measurement of bit-error-rate performance is given. A receiver sensitivity of -27.8 dBm was achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Efficient transformation and artificial mi<scp>RNA</scp> gene silencing in <i><scp>L</scp>emna minor</i> (2014)

Despite rapid doubling time, simple architecture and ease of metabolic labelling, a lack of genetic tools in the Lemnaceae (duckweed) has impeded the full implementation of this organism as a model for biological research. Here, we present technologies to facilitate high-throughput genetic studies in duckweed. We developed a fast and efficient method for producing Lemna minor stable transgenic fronds via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration from tissue culture. Additionally, we engineered an artificial microRNA (amiRNA) gene silencing system. We identified a Lemna gibba endogenous miR166 precursor and used it as a backbone to produce amiRNAs. As a proof of concept we induced the silencing of CH42, a magnesium chelatase subunit, using our amiRNA platform. Expression of CH42 in transgenic L. minor fronds was significantly reduced, which resulted in reduction of chlorophyll pigmentation. The techniques presented here will enable tackling future challenges in the biology and biotechnology of Lemnaceae.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE HEART BY OPERATION* (1935)

FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND THE LAKESIDE HOSPITAL, CLEVELAND, OHIO
Definition of oriR, the minimum DNA segment essential for initiation of R1 plasmid replication in vitro. (1983)

The 3.6-kilobase Bgl II-EcoRI fragment from R1 plasmid containing copA, repA, and the replication origin (ori) was inserted into the ColE1-type plasmid pUC8. The resulting hybrid plasmid replicates in extracts prepared from both polA- and polA+ cells, whereas pUC8 replicates only in a polA+ extract. This characteristic provides a method for assaying the repA and ori functions. Hybrid plasmids that were either repA- or ori- were unable to replicate in a polA- cell extract. Replication of the repA- ori+ plasmid was restored by complementation of the repA defect by a repA+ ori- plasmid in vitro. Successful complementation of the repA function in vitro provides a method for assaying the repA protein. In order to define the minimum DNA segment with origin function (oriR), deletions were introduced starting from either side of the insert, and the replication properties of the plasmids carrying these deletions were examined in a polA- cell extract. The right end of oriR was located at position 1,611 in the nucleotide coordinates defined previously [Ryder, T., Rosen, J., Armstrong, K., Davidson, D. & Ohtsubo, E. (1981) in The Initiation of DNA Replication: ICN-UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology, ed. Ray, D.S. (Academic, New York), Vol. 22, 91-111]. By complementing repA- ori+ plasmids with the repA+ ori- plasmid, the left end of oriR was localized at position 1,424. Therefore, the oriR sequence, localized within a region of 188 base pairs, is separate from the repA gene. A hybrid plasmid carrying the 206-base-pair segment between positions 1,406 and 1,611 also replicates in a polA- cell extract when the repA function is supplied in trans. Removal of an additional 66 base pairs (positions 1,406-1,471) inactivates the function of the minimal oriR segment.
Antipyretic activity of Blumea lacera (Burm. f) D.C., A folklore medicine from Chhattisgarh India (2012)

Blumea lacera (Burm. f) D.C. (Compositae) has been used for many diseases in folk medicine. In Chhattisgarh it is known as Kukurmutta, Kukronda, or Kukkurchedi. Natives of Chhattisgarh use this plant in treatment of joint pains, fever, disease of respiratory organs, treatment of migraine, in treatment of cancerous wound etc. Chloroform soluble fraction of B. lacera methanolic extract (CSFBME) was investigated for its, potential on normal body temperature and yeast-induced pyrexia in albino rats. The CSFBME, at doses of 200, and 400 mg/kg BW p.o., showed significant reduction in normal body temperature and yeast-provoked elevated temperature in a dosedependent manner. CSFBME, at doses of 400 mg/kg caused lowering of the normal body temperature up to 3 h following administration, while in yeastinduced pyrexia the rectal temperature of 39.8°C, decreased to 38.4°C within 1 hour of treatment and reduced till 4 hours showing a sizeable decrease of 2.3°C. CSFBME illustrated lowering of body temperature in both of these models even at dose of 200mg/kg body weight. The anti-pyretic effect of CSFBME was comparable to that of paracetamol (150 mg/kg p.o.,), a standard anti-pyretic agent.
Novel detector for portal imaging in radiation therapy (2000)

We are developing a novel concept for portal imaging that would allow for on-line control and verification of the radiation treatment of cancer patients both at diagnostic and therapeutic energies. This device will consist of two consecutive detectors confided in one gas chamber: a KeV- photon detector, which can visualize the internal soft tissue of the patient, and an MeV-photon detector, which will measure the absolute intensity of the therapeutic beam and its position with respect to the tumor and normal tissues. Both detectors are based on gas and solid photon to electron converters combined with recently invented gas electron multipliers. The device will have a common charge collecting pad-type readout plate equipped with ASIC-based electronics for both detectors. A first simplified prototype device has recently been built and extensively tested. Special efforts were made to find conditions for a safe and reliable operation of the readout electronics that can be damaged by plasma-type discharge effects induced specially at high dose rates. Results obtained so far indicate that our new detector concept may satisfy all requirements on advanced therapy beam monitoring systems.
Neutrophil leukocyte motility requires directed water influx (2002)

The ability of neutrophils to sense and move to sites of infection is essential for our defense against pathogens. For motility, lamellipodium extension and stabilization are prerequisites, but how cells form such membrane protrusions is still obscure. Using contrast-enhanced video microscopy and Transwell assays, we show that water-selective aquaporin channels regulate lamellipodium formation and neutrophil motility. Addition of anti-aquaporin-9 antibodies, HgCl(2), or tetraethyl ammonium inhibited the function(s) of the channels and blocked motility-related shape changes. On human neutrophils, aquaporin-9 preferentially localized to the cell edges, where N-formyl peptide receptors also accumulated, as assessed with fluorescence microscopy. To directly visualize water fluxes at cell edges, cells were loaded with high dilution-sensitive, self-quenching concentrations of fluorophore. In these cells, motile regions always displayed increased fluorescence compared with perinuclear regions. Our observations provide the first experimental support for motility models where water fluxes play a pivotal role in cell-volume increases accompanying membrane extensions.
Normalization strategies for reverse‐time migration (2011)

Prestack RTM is a powerful tool to image complex structures. Based on computing numerical solutions to a two‐way wave equation, it does not suffer from dip limitations like one‐way downward continuation techniques, thus enabling overturned reflections to be imaged. As well as correctly handling multi‐pathing, RTM has the potential to image internal multiples when the boundaries responsible for generating the multiples are present in the model. In this paper, we address normalization of RTM images, an important step in improving amplitudes for input to inversion. We also introduce a new hybrid normalization scheme. We use wide‐azimuth (WAZ) data acquisition in the Gulf of Mexico data to demonstrate the impact of the various RTM normalization schemes.
The Preparation of Optically Pure 3-Hydeoxybutanoic Acid and Its Homologues as the Dibenzylammonium Salt (1987)

Abstract Optically pure (R)- and (S)-3-hydroxybutanoic acid and its homologues are prepared by the method consisting of the enantioface differentiating hydrogenation of methyl 3-oxoalkanoate to methyl 3-hydroxyalkanoate(80–90% e.e.) over asymmetrically modified nickel catalyst and the preferential crystallization of optically pure 3-hydroxyalkanoic acids from the hydrogenation products as the dibenzylammonium salts.
A complete parameterization of all positive rational extensions of a covariance sequence (1995)

In this paper we formalize the observation that filtering and interpolation induce complementary, or "dual," decompositions of the space of positive real rational functions of degree less than or equal to n. From this basic result about the geometry of the space of positive real functions, we are able to deduce two complementary sets of conclusions about positive rational extensions of a given partial covariance sequence. On the one hand, by viewing a certain fast filtering algorithm as a nonlinear dynamical system defined on this space, we are able to develop estimates on the asymptotic behavior of the Schur parameters (1918) of positive rational extensions. On the other hand we are also able to provide a characterization of all positive rational extensions of a given partial covariance sequence. Indeed, motivated by its application to signal processing, speech processing, and stochastic realization theory, this characterization is in terms of a complete parameterization using familiar objects from systems theory and proves a conjecture made by Georgiou (1983, 1987). Our basic result, however, also enables us to analyze the robustness of this parameterization with respect to variations in the problem data. The methodology employed is a combination of complex analysis, geometry, linear systems, and nonlinear dynamics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The HSP90 Family: Structure, Regulation, Function, and Implications in Health and Disease (2018)

The mammalian HSP90 family of proteins is a cluster of highly conserved molecules that are involved in myriad cellular processes. Their distribution in various cellular compartments underlines their essential roles in cellular homeostasis. HSP90 and its co-chaperones orchestrate crucial physiological processes such as cell survival, cell cycle control, hormone signaling, and apoptosis. Conversely, HSP90, and its secreted forms, contribute to the development and progress of serious pathologies, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting HSP90 is an attractive strategy for the treatment of neoplasms and other diseases. This manuscript will review the general structure, regulation and function of HSP90 family and their potential role in pathophysiology.
A logic of authentication (1989)

Authentication protocols are the basis of security in many distributed systems, and it is therefore essential to ensure that these protocols function correctly. Unfortunately, their design has been extremely error prone. Most of the protocols found in the literature contain redundancies or security flaws.
Denied request (1989)

Regarding your item and correspondence on the question of a Royal College of Nursing 'Special Interest Group for Lesbian Nurses', may I point out that the RCN is not proposing to establish a special interest group for lesbian nurses.
Lycopene Prevents Development of Steatohepatitis in Experimental Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Model Induced by High-Fat Diet (2010)

We investigated the preventive effect of lycopene on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-induced by high-fat diet in rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. They were fed standard diet, high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet plus lycopene at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight and the high-fat diet lycopene at a dose of 4 mg/kg BW for a period of 6 weeks. Inflammation, steatosis, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP 2E1) expression increased significantly in the rats fed HFD and decreased in the rats administered by lycopene. Significantly elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor (TNF α), and serum and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in rats fed the high-fat diet as compared to the control rats (P < .01). Supplementation with lycopene lowered serum MDA and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels and elevated liver GSH level (P < .001). Insulin resistance was higher in the rats fed HFD than in rats supplemented with lycopene. The data indicate that supplementation with lycopene can reduce high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress to the cells.
Total synthesis of (+)-Piperazinomycin (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (+)-PiperazinomycinDale L. Boger and Jiacheng ZhouCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 24, 11426–11433Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00077a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00077a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views934Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Serum cholestanol, cholesterol precursors, and plant sterols during placebo-controlled treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis with ursodeoxycholic acid or colchicine (1995)

A randomized placebo-controlled 2-year study was performed in 69 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) on serum lipids during ursodeoxycholic acid (URSO) and colchicine treatments. In addition to serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase (AFOS), two variables considered to reflect liver function, serum lipoproteins, cholesterol precursors (squalene, delta 8-cholestenol, lathosterol and desmosterol), markers of cholesterol synthesis, cholestanol and plant sterols (campesterol and sitosterol), markers of liver function and cholesterol absorption, were studied before and during the treatments. Serum bilirubin was inconsistently improved by URSO, whereas improvement of AFOS values was better by URSO than colchicine, especially in patients with initially more advanced PBC. Serum total cholesterol was reduced by both drugs, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by URSO. Cholesterol precursor sterols were increased by both URSO and colchicine mainly in patients with initially less severe PBC. On the other hand, the cholestanol values were markedly increased initially, and the values were related to bilirubin during the 2-year period, were further increased in the placebo group, and reduced in the URSO and colchicine groups, so that the improvement was highest in the URSO-treated patients with the severe form of PBC. The increase of the serum plant sterols, particularly that of sitosterol, was retarded by the two drugs so that the campesterol/sitosterol ratio, which was related to serum bilirubin, was increased especially in the cases with initially more advanced PBC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
3-D FEM micromagnetic modeling of spin-valve sensors (2000)

Synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) spin-valve (SV) sensors (NiFe/Cu/Co/Ru/Co/IrMn) are studied in detail through 3-D FEM micromagnetic modeling. The current induced field, demagnetizing field and the exchange couple field are taken into account. The SAF structure is shown to have some advantages. The current field is not only helpful to bias the signal, but also to stabilize the SAF pinned layer because the current in the Co layers produces opposing fields in the layers. The thermal stability has been improved by introducing the current field. The SAF structure not only reduces the demagnetizing field in the free layer and itself, but also increases the signal dynamic range and reduces the signal distortion. These are attributed to the large antiferromagnetic coupling constant and the pinning field. Simulation results show that there is no noise-producing domain formation when the product of remanent magnetization and thickness of the hard magnets is slightly greater than that of the saturation magnetization and the thickness of the free layer.
Induced polyploidy in Tilapia aurea (Steindachner) by means of temperature shock treatment (1975)

A technique for increasing ploidy in the blue tilapia, Tilapia aurea , was investigated for the purpose of determining its effect on standard length. Gametes of T. aurea were stripped from ripe adults and eggs were fertilized with donor sperm from several males. A description of the extra‐oral incubation system used for the embryos is provided. This system resulted in a maximum of 90% successful hatch. Normal egg development was interrupted by immersion of newly fertilized eggs (15 min post‐insemination) in cold or hot water for various durations. The reliability of these techniques for inducing polyploidy was examined using increased volume of erythrocyte nuclei as a criteria for success. A cold shock of from 32°C (ambient) to 11°C for a 1 h duration resulted in the largest incidence of polyploidy (75 %). Polyploid fish were found to be larger than diploid siblings when measured at 14 weeks of age.
Tardive Dyskinesia in Bipolar Affective Disorder (1991)

The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in a consecutive series of 69 patients with bipolar affective disorder admitted to a catchment area service was found to be 19%. Prevalence increased with age and was related to the age of onset of bipolar disorder and number of previous episodes. Patients with tardive dyskinesia were significantly slower on a simple test of cognitive function (Trails B).