gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Processing of antibodies bound to B‐cell lymphomas and lymphoblastoid cell lines (1997)

BACKGROUND Previous experiments demonstrated that some human B-cell lymphoma cell lines were unusual in that antibodies bound to the cell surface dissociated at high levels. This did not occur with non-B-cell hematologic tumors or with carcinomas. In this study, additional B-cell lymphoma and lymphoblastoid (Epstein-Barr virus-transformed) cell lines were tested. METHODS The antibodies selected for most experiments, MA103 and anti-CD45, react with relatively high avidity to the cell surface. Antibodies to CD19, CD20, and CD22 also were tested on certain cell lines. The antibodies were labeled with 125I. After binding to the surface of viable cells, unbound antibody was washed away, and the fate of the bound antibody was investigated for 2-3 days. RESULTS Of the eight B-cell lymphomas tested, three had high levels of dissociation, two had low levels of dissociation, and three had intermediate levels of dissociation. The six lymphoblastoid cell lines had only slightly elevated levels of dissociation, relative to non-B cell lines. Sublines of Raji and Ramos cells were identified that varied greatly in the level of antibody dissociation. The level of dissociation from lymphomas was correlated with the tendency of the cell lines to cluster, with single cells displaying less dissociation than clustered cells. However, some exceptions to this correlation were noted. Cell lines such as Ramos, which showed little dissociation of anti-CD20, displayed relatively rapid catabolism of this antibody. CONCLUSIONS The level of antibody dissociation as well as the rate of antibody catabolism will affect the results of radioimmunotherapy strongly because these factors affect the time interval for which the cells are in contact with the radioisotope. Different B-cell lines display markedly different levels of dissociation. There is some evidence suggesting that antibody dissociation is high with fresh human tumor cells, but further investigation of this point is required. Cancer 1997; 80:2425-30. © 1997 American Cancer Society.
3D Ultrasound in Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine (2008)

With advances occurring in medicine on a daily basis, it was only a matter of time before essential gynecological investigations, such as ultrasound, were modified. Many clinicians remain unconvinced by its reputed advantages and 3D ultrasound is not without disadvantages. These mainly relate to the cost implications and training requirements. 3D ultrasound imaging is still at a relatively early stage in terms of its role as a day-to-day imaging modality in gynecology and reproductive medicine. 3D imaging has several obvious benefits that relate to an improved spatial orientation and the demonstration of multiplanar views, of which the coronal plane is particularly useful. It offers a more objective and reproducible measurement of volume and vascularity of the region of interest, and an improved assessment of normal and pathological pelvic organs through further postprocessing modalities, including tomographic ultrasound imaging and various rendering modalities. It also has the benefit of offering reduced scanning time, the option of teleconsultation and storage of images for re-evaluation. However, other than its application in the assessment and differentiation of uterine anomalies, there is very little evidence demonstrating that 3D ultrasound results in a clinically relevant benefit or negates the need for further investigation. Future work should ensure that 3D ultrasound is compared with conventional imaging in randomized trials where the observer is blind to the outcome, only after which will we truly be able to evaluate its role in an evidence-based manner.
Radiative Heat Transfer Effects on Transient Operation of a Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (2010)

A considerable design and operational challenge for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is the material degradation caused by high temperature (600–1000°C) operation. At such high temperatures, it is reasonable to assume that radiative heat transfer effects may be significant; however, few studies have rigorously investigated the impact of radiative heat transfer on the operation of SOFCs. Accordingly, modeling efforts have been made to characterize the temperature profile evolutions that occur within planar SOFCs during transient operation. Therefore, initial results are presented to elucidate the impact of radiation upon SOFCs during start up, load changes, and shut down.
Synthesis and local anesthetic action of N-(piperidinomethyl)-4-alkoxybenzamides (1970)

Heating 4-BuOC6H4CONH2, HCHO, and piperidine gave 67% I (R = BuO) (II). Similarly prepd. were 4 other I (R = C1-5 alkoxy) and I (R = H). I inhibits impulse conduction in frog ventricle strips. II had a 50% inhibitory concn. of 3.4 micro M at pH 7.6.
Spike sorting for large, dense electrode arrays (2015)

Abstract Developments in microfabrication technology have enabled the production of neural electrode arrays with hundreds of closely-spaced recording sites, and electrodes with thousands of sites are currently under development. These probes will in principle allow the simultaneous recording of very large numbers of neurons. However, use of this technology requires the development of techniques for decoding the spike times of the recorded neurons, from the raw data captured from the probes. There currently exists no practical solution to this problem of “spike sorting” for large, dense electrode arrays. Here, we present a set of novel tools to solve this problem, implemented in a suite of practical, user-friendly, open-source software. We validate these methods on data from rat cortex, demonstrating error rates as low as 5%.
Effect of salivary proline-rich proteins on ingestive responses to tannic acid in mice (1992)

This study provides direct evidence for a robust effect of saliva proteins on ingestive responses to tannic acid. Proline-rich proteins (PRPs) were elevated in the saliva of mice, via chronic treatments with the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (IPR) and the effects of this manipulation on intake of tannic acid were examined. Because salivary PRPs from rodents bind readily to tannic acid, it was hypothesized that elevated salivary PRPs would lower the free concentration of ingested tannic acid. In experiment 1, the ingestive sensitivity of IPR- and saline-injected mice of four strains (SW, BALB, C3H and B6) to 0.5 mM tannic acid was compared. IPR treatment significantly reduced the tannic acid sensitivity of the BALBs, but not the SWs, C3Hs or B6s, as measured by a two-choice test. Furthermore, whole-mouth saliva of mice from the four strains was compared in terms of (i) flow rate, (ii) relative PRP concentration and (iii) tannin binding capacity. As compared to the other mouse strains, the saliva of IPR-injected BALBs appeared to contain PRPs that had a higher tannin binding capacity, and that occurred at higher concentrations, with the exception of the C3Hs. Salivary flow rate did not differ among mouse strains. In experiment 2, the effect of IPR treatment on ingestive responses of BALBs to two concentrations of tannic acid (0.5 and 1.0 mM) was examined using a lickometer device. Intake measures (lick rate, burst duration, number of bursts and overall lick rate) indicated that the IPR-injected BALBs drank the 0.5 mM tannic acid solution as if it was water. Saline-injected BALBs rejected the 0.5 mM tannic acid solution almost immediately. Whereas both the IPR- and saline-injected BALBs rejected the 1.0 mM tannic acid solution, the latter group rejected it more strongly. These results suggest that salivary PRPs in the IPR-treated BALBs bound to a significant portion of the ingested tannic acid. In so doing, the PRPs dminished the free concentration and, hence, aversive taste quality of the tannic acid.
Engineering of yeast hexose transporters to transport <scp>d</scp> -xylose without inhibition by <scp>d</scp> -glucose (2014)

All known D-xylose transporters are competitively inhibited by D-glucose, which is one of the major reasons hampering simultaneous fermentation of D-glucose and D-xylose, two primary sugars present in lignocellulosic biomass. We have set up a yeast growth-based screening system for mutant D-xylose transporters that are insensitive to the presence of D-glucose. All of the identified variants had a mutation at either a conserved asparagine residue in transmembrane helix 8 or a threonine residue in transmembrane helix 5. According to a homology model of the yeast hexose transporter Gal2 deduced from the crystal structure of the D-xylose transporter XylE from Escherichia coli, both residues are found in the same region of the protein and are positioned slightly to the extracellular side of the central sugar-binding pocket. Therefore, it is likely that alterations sterically prevent D-glucose but not D-xylose from entering the pocket. In contrast, changing amino acids that are supposed to directly interact with the C6 hydroxymethyl group of D-glucose negatively affected transport of both D-glucose and D-xylose. Determination of kinetic properties of the mutant transporters revealed that Gal2-N376F had the highest affinity for D-xylose, along with a moderate transport velocity, and had completely lost the ability to transport hexoses. These transporter versions should prove valuable for glucose-xylose cofermentation in lignocellulosic hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other biotechnologically relevant organisms. Moreover, our data contribute to the mechanistic understanding of sugar transport because the decisive role of the conserved asparagine residue for determining sugar specificity has not been recognized before.
Adsorption of soy oil free fatty acids by rice hull ash (1990)

Abstract Studies demonstrated that free fatty acids can be adsorbed from a soybean oil/hexane miscella by inorganic rice hull ash. A 1% dose was effective in diminishing free fatty acid concentrations but acid activation reduced the adsorption. Binding of free fatty acids followed a Freundlich isotherm with smaller doses of ash adsorbing more efficiently. Addition of isopropanol to the miscella promoted the adsorption, while water deactivation of the ash had no effect, possibly because water occupied sites not accessible to free fatty acids. Impaired adsorption behavior of ash heated above 700°C could have been due to disruption of the crystal form. The adsorption behavior of rice hull ash may be more fully understood with a better knowledge of adsorbent structure.
Dietary intakes of participants in the IditaSport Human Powered Ultra-marathon. (1995)

Because very little nutritional research has been conducted on participants in ultra marathons and none has been reported on participants in cold weather ultramarathons, this study was undertaken with the purpose of examining the nutritional intakes and urine characteristics of participants in a cold weather ultramarathon. Fourteen participants (13 males and 1 female) in the IditaSport human powered ultramarathon volunteered to be subjects in this study. Pre and post race weights, skinfolds, and urine samples were taken. In addition, a dietary recall was done for the day(s) of the race. Data analysis revealed that a mean of 30,864 (17,143) kJ of energy were consumed with 71% of the energy coming from carbohydrate sources. Despite no significant change in body fat as measured by skinfolds, there was a significant (P < 0.5) decrease in body weight. Ketonuria and proteinuria were present in 83 percent and 92 percent of the subjects. When compared with participants in endurance events taking place in warmer climates, competitors in the IditaSport races consumed more energy with carbohydrates making up a greater percentage of their diets.
Incorporating human visual model and spatial sampling in banding artifact reduction (2004)

Halftone banding, which affects the uniformity of xerographic images, is a well-known artifact for xerography, which appears as periodic light and dark bands across a printed page perpendicular to the process or print direction. Effective approaches for banding compensation need to consider the following two unique characteristics: 1) The human visual system should be included into the control system synthesis to quantify the perceived banding; 2) Spatially periodic scanline spacing variation due to gear noise has been shown to be a major contributor. In this paper, we summarize the work to incorporated human visual model into control system design and point out one aspect of the human visual system model that need to be addressed. To handle position dependent periodic disturbances, we employ spatial sampling and reformulate the motion transmission system using angular displacement as the independent variable. A linear parameter varying repetitive controller (LPVRC) is proposed to compensate for the angular displacement dependent periodic disturbances caused by the gears. Experimental verifications of the proposed approach are presented.
PspE (phage‐shock protein E) of <i>Escherichia coli</i> is a rhodanese (2002)

The psp (phage-shock protein) operon of Escherichia coli is induced when the bacteria are infected by filamentous phage and under several other stress conditions. The physiological role of the individual Psp proteins is still not known. We demonstrate here that the last gene of the operon, pspE, encodes a thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtransferase (EC 2.8.1.1; rhodanese). Kinetic analysis revealed that catalysis occurs via a double displacement mechanism as described for other rhodaneses. The K(m)s for SSO3(2-) and CN- were 4.6 and 27 mM, respectively.
Sync kit (2010)

We introduce a client-server toolkit called Sync Kit that demonstrates how client-side database storage can improve the performance of data intensive websites. Sync Kit is designed to make use of the embedded relational database defined in the upcoming HTML5 standard to offload some data storage and processing from a web server onto the web browsers to which it serves content. Our toolkit provides various strategies for synchronizing relational database tables between the browser and the web server, along with a client-side template library so that portions web applications may be executed client-side. Unlike prior work in this area, Sync Kit persists both templates and data in the browser across web sessions, increasing the number of concurrent connections a server can handle by up to a factor of four versus that of a traditional server-only web stack and a factor of three versus a recent template caching approach.
Laminin (2004)

Laminin-1 is emerging as the key molecule in early embryonic basement membrane assembly. Here we review recent insights into its functions gained from the synergistic application of genetic and structural methods.
Ergothioneine Depletion in Rabbit Erythrocytes and Its Effect on Methemoglobin Formation and Reversion (1951)

Recent studies on methemoglobin (MHb) formation and reduction in nitrite—treated rabbit erythrocytes revealed an acceleration in both the appearance and reversion of MHb in red cells of animals raised on a purified diet. Liver paste added to this diet retarded the MHb formation rate but various crude supplements such as liver, yeast, wheat germ, and kale failed to alter the MHb reversion rate. Supplements of ergothioneine, glutathione, and vit. B12 have since been tested and it has been found that the ergothioneine retards MHb formation or reduction to a rate characteristic of corpuscles of animals raised on a stock diet. Moreover, the blood ergothioneine level varies inversely with the MHb rates, being low in rabbits on the purified diet and high in those fed the stock diet or treated with ergothioneine.procedure. Fifty male New Zealand strain albino rabbits weighing 1600-1800 g were placed on the purified diet designated as No. 672, while 12 animals were put on the stock diet composed of Purina rabbit pellets. Diet 672 contained sucrose, casein, cellophane, Wesson oil, O. M. salt mixture and vitamins as described previously. After 5 months the test rabbits were separated into 5 equal groups. Equal blood samples of the individuals in each group were pooled, and the rate of MHb formation was determined in the washed substrate—free erythrocytes following addition of a standard dose of NaNO2. This test and the determination of the rate of reversion of MHb after addition of a standard NaNO2 dose to corpuscles suspended in a medium containing lactate as substrate were carried out according to the procedure already outlined. Supplements of vit. B12, ergothioneine and glutathione, were then given three groups (Table I).
Material considerations and locomotive capability in catalytic tubular microengines (2012)

Driven by potential applications, such as cargo transportation (drug delivery) and biosensing, catalytic microengines have been shaped into tubular geometries with embedded catalytic and functional materials. The microengines harvest chemical energy from catalytic and biocatalytic reactions to realize autonomous locomotion at low Reynolds number, mimicking natural biomotors. The motion dynamics of these tubular microengines can be well-analyzed by a developed body-deformation model. The composition and morphology of the microengine play a key role in its overall performance and capabilities. This article highlights recent advances in the preparation of tubular microengines, related material considerations, and in their motion (speed and direction) control and functionalization towards a wide range of important practical nanoscale applications.
The Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (2009)

Recent years have seen major advances in our understanding of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), including the discovery that the prone sleep position more than triples the risk of SIDS. This finding has led to a worldwide campaign advocating the supine sleep position for infants, which has been associated with a decrease of 50 to 90% in the SIDS rate. This review considers demographic and pathophysiological factors and current concepts about SIDS.
Umbilical positioning using ultrasonic sensors (2002)

The paper describes the development of an autonomous umbilical positioning system. The umbilical positioning system shall provide electrical power and fiber optic data cable connections between two simulated vehicles 100 meter apart. The Omnibot is used to provide the mobile base for the system. The mate-in umbilical plate is mounted on a three axis Cartesian manipulator, which is installed on the Omnibot mobile base. The Omnibot is controlled in a teleoperated mode. The operator using the vision system will guide the mobile base to get close to the mate-to plate. The information received from ultrasonic sensors is used to identify the position of mate-to plate and mate the umbilical plates autonomously. A successful experimentation verifies the approach.
Fluorocyclopentenyl-cytosine with Broad Spectrum and Potent Antitumor Activity (2012)

On the basis of the potent biological activity of cyclopentenyl-pyrimidines, fluorocyclopentenyl-pyrimidines were designed and synthesized from D-ribose. Among these, the cytosine derivative 5a showed highly potent antigrowth effects in a broad range of tumor cell lines and very potent antitumor activity in a nude mouse tumor xenograft model implanted with A549 human lung cancer cells. However, its 2'-deoxycytidine derivative 5b did not show any antigrowth effects, indicating that 2'-hydroxyl group is essential for the biological activity.
Case study of an InAs quantum dot memory: Optical storing and deletion of charge (2001)

We have studied self-assembled InAs quantum dots embedded in an InP matrix using photocapacitance and photocurrent spectroscopy. These dots are potentially promising for memories due to the large confinement energy for holes. In this work we have realized simple quantum dot memory by placing the dots in the space–charge region of a Schottky junction. Our measurements reveal that a maximum of about one hole can be stored per dot. We also find that illumination for an extended period deletes the stored charge. We show that these limitations do not reflect the intrinsic properties of the dots, but rather the sample structure in combination with deep traps present in the sample.
[Fibrinogen and fibrin monomer conformation changes dependent of pH magnitude]. (1976)

Conformational states of fibrinogen and fibrin monomer were studied by methods of differential and solvent-perturbation spectrophotometry and ultraviolet fluorescence at about neutral pH (6.5) and in the region of lower pH, 3.2 to 4.0. To prevent repolymerization of fibrin monomer at pH 6.5, urea was added in a non-denaturing concentration of 1.7 M. In the acid region specified, the immediate environment of tyrosine and tryptophan residues was found to be more polar and the accessibility to perturbants higher than at pH 6.5. Much more drastic changes of the same type occurred at pH less than 3 when denaturation of the protein takes place. The conformation of fibrinogen altered progressively upon lowering pH from 4.0 to 3.2. This acidity increase, practically, did not influence the conformation of fibrin monomer. Thus the tolerance of the latter to the appearance of the new positively changed groups seems to be comparably high. The bulk of the conformational changes subsequent upon neutralization of an acid fibrin monomer solution proceeds at a higher rate than the activation transition, i.e. the acquirement of a state of polymerization readiness by fibrin monomer molecules.
A 800 MHz-1.1 GHz 1.2 mW Delay Locked Loop with a Closed Loop Duty Cycle Corrector (2016)

In this paper a low power delay locked loop with a closed loop duty cycle corrector is proposed. The duty cycle corrector circuit is a dual loop circuit which receives a clock signal with 30%~70% duty cycle and generates a clock signal with 50% ± 2% duty cycle. Thepowerconsumption of the overall circuit is 1.2 mW. This circuit is fabricated in 0.18 um CMOS technology. Measurement results show that the RMS jitter of the proposed work is 4 ps at 1 GHz.
Correspondence analysis for regional tracking in coronary arteriograms (1992)

A new method of correspondence analysis on the basis of geometrical similarity in tracking the region of interest (ROI) of coronary arteriograms is described. The method is insensitive to scaling, rotation, and gray-level variation. Experiments also show that the algorithm is valid even when large deformations exist. It is an important step toward a new approach to regional myocardial dysfunction analysis.
Determination of Organic Hydrazines (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Organic HydrazinesSidney Siggia and L. J. LohrCite this: Anal. Chem. 1949, 21, 10, 1202–1203Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60034a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60034a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts