gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tritiated thymidine (phi p, phi h) labeling distribution as a marker for hereditary predisposition to colon cancer. (1983)

New analytical methods have been developed for measurement of the height distribution patterns of [3H]dThd-labeled epithelial cells in colonic crypts of high- and low-risk population groups. Labeled cells were segregated with respect to crypt-height into 10 compartments of equal size, plus a lumenal surface compartment for each subject. Members of families prone to polyposis coli and to non-polyposis colon cancer were compared to subjects at lower risk. The latter included persons from polyp-free and cancer-free branches of the same families, normal controls, and patients with colon cancer from the general population. Significant differences were found between groups of patients with familial polyposis or familial colon cancer and subjects at low risk, when labeled cell distributions were compared over all the crypt height compartments ( p < 0.001). Distributions of the occupancy fractions of labeled cells in the upper region ( i.e. , 40%) of the crypt (φ h ), measured for the fraction of each population (φ p ), revealed a discriminant level that separated over 90% of low-risk subjects from a major fraction of those affected with familial colon cancer or polyposis and from close to one-half of the at-risk progeny as expected for an autosomal dominant trait. However, subjects with colon cancer in the general population had (φ p ,φ h ) distributions closer to the low-risk groups, although a subgroup of patients had abnormal φ h values characteristic of hereditary disease. Thus, the (φ p ,φ h ) distribution appears to be a more precise measure of risk than previously used in discriminating populations with genetic susceptibility to colon cancer from those at lower risk and may be useful as a marker to identify individuals with the at-risk phenotype.
A new adaptive FEC loss control algorithm for voice over IP applications (2002)

Packet loss causes degradation in the quality of voice over IP (VOIP) applications. Forward error correction (FEC) methods which add redundant information to voice packets can be used to minimize the effects of packet loss. While these methods can reduce the effects of packet loss, they increase the amount of bandwidth used by a voice stream. This paper builds on existing work in adaptive FEC control algorithms to better control the amount of redundancy. The new adaptive FEC "USF algorithm" considers the history of packet losses in the network before changing the amount of redundancy and also does not react to burst losses. The performance of the USF algorithm is studied using a simulation model. The USF algorithm is able to maintain a loss rate one-half to one-third the loss rate maintained by the current algorithm for Internet traces and for network loss rates between 7% and 20% for synthetic traces.
Stability and Hydrogenation of “Bare” Gadolinium Nanoparticles (2005)

Abstract Gadolinium nanoparticles, deposited via an inert gas evaporation method, show improved stability towards oxidation and it is therefore possible to carry out an ex‐situ investigation on “bare” Gd nanoparticles, i.e., in the absence of a protective Pd layer, for the first time. A size‐induced structural transformation from hexagonal close packing to the higher‐symmetry face‐centered cubic structure is observed. The important observation of hydrogen–Gd‐nanoparticle interaction at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, without a Pd catalytic layer, makes Gd nanoparticles a potential candidate for hydrogen‐sensing, switching, and storage applications.
INFLUENCE OF SILICA NANOPARTICLES ON THE PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE COMPOSITE MEMBRANES: A CURRENT REVIEW (2020)

Cellulose has lately gained much attention in its use as membrane due to the fact that it is cheap and has the potential to remove dissolved ions and organic contaminants. This is despite the fact that cellulose suffers from lack of reactive functional groups, as well as poor thermal and chemical resistance. The incorporation of silica (SiO 2 ) into cellulose membranes offers design flexibility, permeation performance, durability improvement, thermal stability and enhances its surface hydrophilicity. Cellulose membranes further exhibit improved mechanical performance, when the silica is uniformly dispersed at very low filler concentration. This study aims to review the incorporation of silica in cellulose nanocomposites for potential usage in water filtration membranes. The study further overviews the synthesis and modification of silica nanocomposites using various methods and processes.
Slipstream processors (2003)

Processors execute a program's full dynamic instruction stream to arrive at its final output, yet there exist shorter instruction streams that produce the same overall effect. This thesis proposes creating a shorter but otherwise equivalent version of the original program by removing ineffectual computation and computation related to highly-predictable control flow. The shortened program is run concurrently with and slightly ahead of a full copy of the program on a chip multiprocessor (CMP) or simultaneous multithreading (SMT) processor. The leading program passes all of its control-flow and data-flow outcomes to the trailing program for checking. This redundant program arrangement provides two key benefits.\n\n1)\tImproved single-program performance. The leading program is sped up because it retires fewer instructions. Although the number of retired instructions is not reduced in the trailing program, it fetches and executes instructions more efficiently by virtue of having near-oracle branch and value predictions from the leading program. Thus, the trailing program is also sped up in the wake or 'slipstream' of the leading program, at the same time validating the speculative leading program and redirecting it as needed. Slipstream execution using two processors of a CMP substrate outperforms conventional non-redundant execution using only one of the processors. Likewise, given a sufficiently reduced leading program, slipstream execution using two contexts of an SMT substrate outperforms conventional non-redundant execution using only one of the contexts.\n\n2)\tFault tolerance. The shorter program is a subset of the full program and this partial redundancy is exploited for detecting and recovering from transient hardware faults. This does not require any additional hardware support, since the same mechanisms used to detect and recover from misspeculation in the leading program apply equally well to transient fault detection and recovery. In fact, there is no way to distinguish between misspeculation and faults.\n\nThe broader rationale for slipstream is extending, not replacing, the capabilities of CMP/SMT processors, providing additional modes of execution. This thesis demonstrates the feasibility and benefits of the slipstream execution model.
High-quality MOSFETs with ultrathin LPCVD gate SiO/sub 2/ (1992)

MOSFETs and MOS capacitors with ultrathin (65 AA) low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) gate SiO/sub 2/ have been fabricated and compared to those with thermal SiO/sub 2/ of identical thickness. Results show that the devices with LPCVD SiO/sub 2/ have higher transconductance and current drivability, better channel hot-carrier immunity, lower defect density, and better time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) characteristics than devices with conventional thermal SiO/sub 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Noninvasive skin measurements after CO2 and erbium laser resurfacing (2003)

The measurement of immediate changes in viscoelastic creep should be further studied as a means of guiding intraoperative erbium laser resurfacing. Histologic evaluation suggests that the erbium:YAG laser may be a more effective tool for dermal ablation than the CO(2) laser.
UNDERSTANDING THE RESISTIVITIES OBSERVED IN GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS (2000)

The low resistivity geophysical anomalies observed over most geothermal systems have been very useful exploration targets. As better and deeper imaging of the resistivity structure of geothermal systems has become possible with the use of methods such as MT surveying, it has been shown that the lowest resistivity is usually in a zone above the reservoir and that the resistivity of the actual reservoir can be much higher. To help understand this distribution of resistivity, we have reviewed the factors affecting resistivity in geothermal systems. Conductive clay products of hydrothermal alteration are the most common cause of low resistivity in a zone above the reservoir. Higher temperature alteration products are less conductive so that in systems of low to moderate salinity the reservoir has higher resistivity. Associations between temperature and clay alteration assemblages have been well established and used as tools for predicting reservoir temperature during drilling. Inferred correlations between alteration type and resistivity can extend this further to enable better prediction of reservoir temperature distribution from surface geophysical measurements. This has the potential to greatly improve reservoir definition and the success rates for exploration drilling.
Dynamic SLA management with forecasting using multi-objective optimization (2015)

Cost-efficient operation while satisfying performance and availability guarantees in Service Level Agreements (SLAs) is a challenge for Cloud Computing, as these are potentially conflicting objectives. We present a framework for SLA management based on multi-objective optimization. The framework features a forecasting model for determining the best virtual machine-to-host allocation given the need to minimize SLA violations, energy consumption and resource wasting. A comprehensive SLA management solution is proposed that uses event processing for monitoring and enables dynamic provisioning of virtual machines onto the physical infrastructure. We validated our implementation against serveral standard heuristics and were able to show that our approach is significantly better.
Platelet binding sites and plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with essential hypertension (1988)

The plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and the density and affinity of binding sites for ANP in platelets was investigated in patients with essential hypertension. Severe hypertensives were studied whilst still on medication. All subjects were ambulatory and were investigated after 3 days on a 135 mmol/day sodium intake. Plasma ANP levels were significantly increased from 13 ± 1 fmol/ml in healthy normotensive controls to 39 ± 5 fmol/ml (P<0.01) in moderate or severe hypertensives uncontrolled by treatment. Platelet binding sites varied in a non-linear inverse relationship to plasma concentration of ANP (r=-0.76), from 14 ± 1 fmol per 109 platelets in healthy subjects to 8 ± 1 fmol per 109 platelets in severe hypertensives, uncontrolled by treatment, (P<0.05). The latter group with elevated plasma ANP and reduced density of ANP platelet sites, had a high incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy and increased left ventricular mass index by echocardiography. When a diuretic was added or stopped, plasma ANP and ANP sites in platelets varied inversely, with lower ANP concentration in plasma and higher density of ANP receptors in platelets when receiving the diuretic. Plasma concentrations of ANP are increased and the density of ANP receptors is decreased in moderate to severe uncontrolled essential hypertensives with left ventricular hypertrophy, but neither parameter differs from those of healthy age-matched volunteers in mild essential hypertension.
Discrete-time multivariable adaptive control (1980)

This paper establishes global convergence for a class of adaptive control algorithms applied to discrete-time multiinput multioutput deterministic linear systems. It is shown that the algorithms will ensure that the systems inptus and outputs remain bounded for all time and that the output tracking error converges to zero.
<i>Chlamydia</i> heat shock protein 60 induces trophoblast apoptosis through TLR4 (2006)

Equils, O., D. Lu, M. Gatter, S. S. Witkin, C. Bertolotto, M. Arditi, J. A. McGregor, C. F. Simmons, and C. J. Hobel. 2006. Chlamydia heat shock protein 60 induces trophoblast apoptosis through TLR4. [ J. Immunol. 177: 1257–1263.][1] The authors wish to revise the Acknowledgments as shown below
Tissue Culture Technique (1950)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Novel Method to Manufacture Porous Hydroxyapatite by Dual‐Phase Mixing (2003)

We have developed a novel method to construct porous hydroxyapatite (HA) by dual‐phase mixing—in other words, generating a porous ceramic body and pore‐forming template simultaneously. The technique is based on mixing two immiscible phases: HA slurry and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin. Naphthalene particles are necessary when greater porosity (>50%) is wanted. After shaping in a mold, the mixture is subjected to polymerization, drying, pyrolysis, and sintering. The porous HA has been thoroughly characterized with Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry, X‐ray diffractometry, environmental scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis, and image analysis. The demanding specifications for bone ingrowth are met: (i) the size of pores and their fenestrations are adjustable, ∼80% within 300–800 μm; (ii) uniform and isotropic porous structure is observed in three directions; (iii) pores are fully interconnected throughout; (iv) the porosity is adjustable up to 60%; and (v) sufficient mechanical strength is present for cell culture and implantation handling. The porous HA can be applied as either implant material or scaffold for bone‐tissue engineering.
Stage- and Cell-Specific Expression of Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′ -Monophosphate-Dependent Protein Kinases in Rat Seminiferous Epithelium1 (1992)

Expression of mRNAs in the rat testis encoding cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinases (PKAs) was studied. A microdissection method was used to isolate 10 pools of seminiferous tubules representing various stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in combination with Northern blots and in situ hybridization. The results showed a differential expression of the four isoforms of the regulatory subunits (PKA-R) at various stages of the cycle. RI alpha mRNA was detected at approximately the same levels at all stages while expression of RI beta mRNA was low at stages XIII-III, started to increase at stages IV-V, and reached a maximum at stages VIII-XI. The level of RII alpha mRNA was low at stages II-VI, increased markedly at stage VIIa,b, and reached maximal levels at stages VIIc,d and VIII, followed by a reduced expression at later stages, RII beta mRNA levels increased significantly at stage VI with maximal levels at stages VII and VIII. In situ hybridization of sections from the adult rat testis revealed RI alpha mRNA in the layers of pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids of all stages. RI beta mRNA was detected over late pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids of stages VII-XIII. RII alpha mRNA was seen in the layers of round spermatids of stages VII-VIII and elongating spermatids of later stages while RII beta mRNA was detected only in the round spermatid region of stages VII-VIII and in some tubules of stages I-VI. These data show that mRNAs encoding PKA-R are expressed in a stage-specific manner in differentiating male germ cells with different patterns of expression for each subunit; this suggests specific roles for these protein kinases at different times of spermatogenesis.
Fenoxaprop Interactions for Barnyardgrass (<i>Echinochloa crus-galli</i>) Control in Rice (2005)

A study was conducted in 2000 and 2001 to evaluate interaction of fenoxaprop with other herbicides for barnyardgrass control in rice. Changes in herbicide interaction over time were also evaluated, and herbicide combinations were ranked on the basis of compatibility. Fenoxaprop at 0.075 kg/ha plus bentazon or propanil plus molinate resulted in an additive response for barnyardgrass control at 10, 20, and 30 d after treatment (DAT); however, when the rate of fenoxaprop increased to 0.089 kg/ha, an antagonistic effect was found. Carfentrazone and halosulfuron consistently antagonized the activity of fenoxaprop at both rates on barnyardgrass. Bensulfuron at 10 and 20 DAT and triclopyr at 20 DAT were antagonistic to fenoxaprop. An increase in interaction over time was detected when fenoxaprop at 0.089 kg/ha was applied in mixture with carfentrazone at 0.04 kg/ha or halosulfuron at 0.05 kg/ha. These results indicate that propanil plus molinate and bentazon are more compatible with fenoxaprop at 0.075 kg/ha for barnyardgrass control, whereas bensulfuron, carfentrazone, halosulfuron, and triclopyr can antagonize fenoxaprop activity on barnyardgrass.
The Effect of Protic Doping Level on the Anticorrosion Characteristics of Polyaniline in Sulfuric Acid Solutions (2002)

In a previous paper we investigated the mechanism by which fully protically doped (emeraldine-salt form) polyaniline (PANI) protects stainless steel surfaces from corrosion in 1 M sulfuric acid solution. A mechanism was proposed, based on prior work by Deng et al. , whereby passivation is achieved because the emeraldine-salt form holds the potential of the underlying stainless steel electrode in the passive region. This paper describes investigations of PANI-coated stainless steel surfaces exposed to more dilute sulfuric acid solutions. This is an interesting issue because while the solution becomes less corrosive as the concentration of the decreases, the concomitant change in pH also changes the protic doping level of the PANI film. UV-visible spectroscopy indicated that partially protic films are obtained upon exposure of PANI to solutions with concentrations in the range from 500 to 1.0 mM. Exposure to 0.1 mM yielded the protically undoped emeraldine-base material. We have found that both the partially protically doped PANI films and the totally undoped emeraldine-base films also hold the potential of the substrate stainless steel electrode in the passive region. Hence, the mechanism by which PANI protects the underlying metal surface from corrosion is independent of doping level. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Clinical development of ghrelin axis-derived molecules for cancer cachexia treatment (2013)

Ghrelin and GHS have the potential to effectively prevent or reverse CACS. Preliminary studies show improvements in weight stabilization and appetite with short-term usage. Further studies are required to fully characterize the role of ghrelin and GHS for the treatment of CACS and to establish the safety of this approach.
‘I'd rather keep running to the end and then jump off the cliff’. Retirement Decisions: Who Decides? (2006)

Government in the UK, as elsewhere in Europe, is keen to encourage individuals to delay their retirement, work for longer and save more for their retirement. This article argues that much of this public discussion is based on the debatable premise that most people are actively choosing to leave work ‘early’. Research on retirement decisions hitherto has concentrated on individual factors, which dispose towards early retirement and has neglected the role of the employer in determining retirement timing. New research reported here, undertaken in three organisational case studies, explores the management of retirement and how individual employees experience these processes. It employs the concepts of the ‘retirement zone’ and retirement scenarios to demonstrate how the interaction of individual attributes (themselves subject to change) and organisational practices (also unpredictable and variable) produces retirement outcomes. It concludes that there is considerable management discretion over the manner and timing of individual retirements. Hence, government needs to recognise that the majority of individuals may have relatively little personal discretion over their departure from work and hence concentration on urging them to work for longer and delay retiring may be missing the real target for policy change.
Conformational dynamics of the human serotonin transporter during substrate and drug binding (2019)

The serotonin transporter (SERT), a member of the neurotransmitter:sodium symporter family, is responsible for termination of serotonergic signaling by re-uptake of serotonin (5-HT) into the presynaptic neuron. Its key role in synaptic transmission makes it a major drug target, e.g. for the treatment of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress. Here, we apply hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry to probe the conformational dynamics of human SERT in the absence and presence of known substrates and targeted drugs. Our results reveal significant changes in dynamics in regions TM1, EL3, EL4, and TM12 upon binding co-transported ions (Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>) and ligand-mediated changes in TM1, EL3 and EL4 upon binding 5-HT, the drugs S-citalopram, cocaine and ibogaine. Our results provide a comprehensive direct view of the conformational response of SERT upon binding both biologically relevant substrate/ions and ligands of pharmaceutical interest, thus advancing our understanding of the structure-function relationship in SERT.
Discrete Multi‐Material Interface Reconstruction for Volume Fraction Data (2008)

Abstract Material interface reconstruction (MIR) is the task of constructing boundary interfaces between regions of homogeneous material, while satisfying volume constraints, over a structured or unstructured spatial domain. In this paper, we present a discrete approach to MIR based upon optimizing the labeling of fractional volume elements within a discretization of the problem's original domain. We detail how to construct and initially label a discretization, and introduce a volume conservative swap move for optimization. Furthermore, we discuss methods for extracting and visualizing material interfaces from the discretization. Our technique has significant advantages over previous methods: we produce interfaces between multiple materials that are continuous across cell boundaries for time‐varying and static data in arbitrary dimension with bounded error.