gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An all-digital bit transistor characterization scheme for CMOS 6T SRAM array (2012)

We present an all-digital bit transistor characterization scheme for CMOS 6T SRAM array. The scheme employs an on-chip operational amplifier feedback loop to measure the individual threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> ) of 6T SRAM bit cell transistors (holding PMOS, pull-down NMOS, and access NMOS) in SRAM cell array environment. The measured voltage is converted to frequency with dual VCO and counter based digital read-out to facilitate data extraction, processing, and statistical analysis. A 512Kb test chip is implemented in 55nm 1P10M Standard Performance (SP) CMOS technology. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the accuracy of the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> measurement scheme is about 2-7mV at TT corner across temperature range from 85°C to -45°C, and post-layout simulations show the resolution of the digital read-out scheme is <;60; 0.2mV per bit. Measured V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> distributions agree well with Monte Carlo simulation results.
Non-thermal air plasma promotes the healing of acute skin wounds in rats (2017)

Non-thermal plasma (NTP) has nonspecific antibacterial effects, and can be applied as an effective tool for the treatment of chronic wounds and other skin pathologies. In this study we analysed the effect of NTP on the healing of the full-thickness acute skin wound model in rats. We utilised a single jet NTP system generating atmospheric pressure air plasma, with ion volume density 5 · 10<sup>17</sup> m<sup>-3</sup> and gas temperature 30-35 °C. The skin wounds were exposed to three daily plasma treatments for 1 or 2 minutes and were evaluated 3, 7 and 14 days after the wounding by histological and gene expression analysis. NTP treatment significantly enhanced epithelization and wound contraction on day 7 when compared to the untreated wounds. Macrophage infiltration into the wound area was not affected by the NTP treatment. Gene expression analysis did not indicate an increased inflammatory reaction or a disruption of the wound healing process; transient enhancement of inflammatory marker upregulation was found after NTP treatment on day 7. In summary, NTP treatment had improved the healing efficacy of acute skin wounds without noticeable side effects and concomitant activation of pro-inflammatory signalling. The obtained results highlight the favourability of plasma applications for wound therapy in clinics.
L'alimentation minérale des végétaux Note n°1: Première partie : considérations générales (1950)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
A Centralized Transcribing System’s Design and Implementation (2020)

Abstract In order to meet the demands of collecting data of gas meter, electric energy meter and water meter, a centralized transcribing system is proposed. This system is based on EPON+LORA technology to set up the communication network, for transcribing and managing data; and design a platform that can realize data collection, data analysis, classification display, classification billing, fault classification, user management and other services.
The GH Receptor and Signal Transduction (1994)

The primary structure of the growth hormone (GH) receptor in rabbits and humans determined by complementary DNA cloning revealed a single membrane-spanning protein of approximately 620 amino acids. A binding protein (bp) specific for GH has been identified in the serum of a number of species. In rabbits and man, a single 4.5-kb transcript has been identified that encodes the full-length receptor. In rats and mice, however, a smaller transcript produced by alternative splicing has been reported which is specific for the GHbp. Recently, the X-ray crystallographic structure of GH and its receptor have clearly shown the formation of an unusual homodimer, consisting of one molecule of GH and two molecules of hGHbp. Formation of the GH dimer is a necessary prerequisite for biological activity. The transcriptional activity of wild-type and mutant forms of GH receptor has been determined by co-transfecting the promoter of a GH-responsive gene, coupled to CAT along with the receptor cDNA. A 25-amino acid region near the transmembrane domain has been shown to be important for functional activity, although 8 amino acids (known as Box 1), rich in prolines, is essential. Alanine scanning mutagenesis has revealed that individual substitution of each residue is without effect, while the replacement of the last 2 or all 4 of the prolines abolishes activity. Finally, GH has been shown to induce rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins in cells expressing the receptor, one of which has recently been identified as the kinase JAK2 and another as MAP kinase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Blood groups, serum cholesterol, serum uric acid, blood pressure, and obesity in adolescents. (1991)

To assess the association of blood groups with coronary risk factors, data were examined from the third cycle of the National Health Examination Survey. In a nationwide sample of more than 6000 black and white adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, ABO blood group, haptoglobin phenotype, selected other genetic markers of blood and secretions, and coronary risk factor levels were measured. Blood group A1 was associated with significantly higher serum total cholesterol levels in white females independent of multiple potential confounders, in white males independent of age and weight, and in southern black females independent of age and weight. ABO blood group was not significantly associated with blood pressure, resting heart rate, or subscapular skinfold thickness. An association with serum uric acid in white males was not independent of weight. In white males only, haptoglobin phenotype 2-2 was associated with significantly higher serum cholesterol levels than 1-1 or 2-1 adjusting for age and weight. No consistent associations were found between Rh types, ABH secretor ability, or group-specific component types and risk factors. This analysis of national data confirms previously reported associations of blood group A with higher serum total cholesterol levels in white adults and adolescents.
Using Transactional Information to Predict Link Strength in Online Social Networks (2009)

Many scientific fields analyzing and modeling social networks have focused on manually-collected datasets where the friendship links are sparse (due to the costs of collection) but relatively noise-free (i.e. they indicate strong relationships). In online social networks, where the notion of ``friendship'' is broader than what would generally be considered in sociological studies, the friendship links are denser but the links contain noisier information (i.e., some weaker relationships). However, the networks also contain additional transactional events among entities (e.g., communication, file transfers) that can be used to infer the true underlying social network. With this aim in mind, we develop a supervised learning approach to predict link strength from transactional information. We formulate this as a link prediction task and compare the utility of attribute-based, topological, and transactional features. We evaluate our approach on public data from the Purdue Facebook network and show that we can accurately predict strong relationships. Moreover, we show that transactional-network features are the most influential features for this task.
Trichostatin inhibits the growth of ACHN renal cell carcinoma cells via cell cycle arrest in association with p27, or apoptosis (2003)

We investigated the in vitro effect of trichostatin (histone deacetylase inhibitor) on cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma cell lines. Trichostatin significantly inhibited the proliferation of all six cell lines examined in dose-dependent manner with IC50 of about 125-250 nM. Trichostatin (72-h incubation) induced a G1 phase arrest in ACHN, Caki-1, Caki-2 and Renca cell lines and a G2-M phase arrest in A498 cells. When we examined the effects of this drug on ACHN cells, trichostatin decreased the levels of CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1 and cyclin A proteins. p27 protein was increased by trichostatin. In addition, trichostatin markedly enhanced the binding of p27 with CDK2 and CDK4. Furthermore, the activities of CDK2, CDK4- and CDK6-associated kinase were reduced and the lack of the CDK activity was paralleled by increased hypophosphorylation of Rb protein. Trichostatin also induced apoptosis in all the renal cell carcinoma cell lines. Apoptotic process of ACHN cells was associated with the changes of Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, caspase-7 proteins as well as mitochondria transmembrane potential (deltapsim) loss. Taken together, these results demonstrate that trichostatin inhibits the growth of renal cell carcinoma cells via cell cycle arrest or apoptosis.
Phase I study of toremifene in patients with advanced cancer. (1991)

A phase I multicenter evaluation of a novel antiestrogen, toremifene, was undertaken in postmenopausal women with various advanced difficult-to-treat malignancies. One hundred and seven women were treated at one of six dosage levels (10, 20, 40, 60, 200, or 400 mg/d orally) for at least 8 weeks. Weekly evaluations for toxicity were conducted. The most common side effects were nausea (31%), vomiting (12%), and hot flashes (29%). Five patients were removed from the study for possible adverse reactions: three patients experienced hypercalcemia; one experienced tremulousness, fatigue, and inability to think clearly; and one had vaginal bleeding. Twelve patients died while on study, 11 with disease progression and one with a pulmonary embolus. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels increased and there was a modest decline in serum antithrombin III levels. Four of 48 assessable patients had partial responses: three with breast cancer and one with endometrial cancer. Toremifene was generally well tolerated at the doses tested.
High Quality, Low Cost Ammonothermal Bulk GaN Substrates (2013)

Ammonothermal GaN growth using a novel apparatus has been performed on c -plane, m -plane, and semipolar seed crystals with diameters between 5 mm and 2 in. to thicknesses of 0.5–3 mm. The highest growth rates are greater than 40 µm/h and rates in the 10–30 µm/h range are routinely observed for all orientations. These values are 5–100× larger than those achieved by conventional ammonothermal GaN growth. The crystals have been characterized by X-ray diffraction rocking-curve (XRC) analysis, optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cathodoluminescence (CL), optical spectroscopy, and capacitance–voltage measurements. The crystallinity of the grown crystals is similar to or better than that of the seed crystals, with FWHM values of about 20–100 arcsec and dislocation densities of 1 ×10 5 –5 ×10 6 cm -2 . Dislocation densities below 10 4 cm -2 are observed in laterally-grown crystals. Epitaxial InGaN quantum well structures have been successfully grown on ammonothermal wafers.
Family stress and adults with intellectual disability (2012)

This study addresses the problem of the automatic detection of disease states of the retina. In order to solve the abovementioned problem, this study develops an artificially intelligent model. The model is based on a customized 19-layer deep convolutional neural network called VGG-19 architecture. The model (VGG-19 architecture) is empowered by transfer learning. The model is designed so that it can learn from a large set of images taken with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and classify them into four conditions of the retina: (1) choroidal neovascularization, (2) drusen, (3) diabetic macular edema, and (4) normal form. The training datasets (taken from publicly available sources) consist of 84,568 instances of OCT retinal images. The datasets exhibit all four classes of retinal disease mentioned above. The proposed model achieved a 99.17% classification accuracy with 0.995 specificities and 0.99 sensitivity, making it better than the existing models. In addition, the proper statistical evaluation is done on the predictions using such performance measures as (1) area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, (2) Cohen's kappa parameter, and (3) confusion matrix. Experimental results show that the proposed VGG-19 architecture coupled with transfer learning is an effective technique for automatically detecting the disease state of a retina.
Pleural procedures and thoracic ultrasound: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010 (2010)

In hospital practice, pleural aspiration (thoracocentesis) and chest drain insertion may be required in many different clinical settings for a variety of indications. Doctors in most specialities will be exposed to patients requiring pleural drainage and need to be aware of safe techniques. There have been many reports of the dangers of large-bore chest drains and it had been anticipated that, with the previous guidelines, better training and the advent of small-bore Seldinger technique chest drains, there would have been an improvement. Unfortunately the descriptions of serious complications continue, and in 2008 the National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) issued a report making recommendations for safer practice.1 These updated guidelines take into consideration the recommendations from this report and describe the technique of pleural aspiration and Seldinger chest drain insertion and ultrasound guidance. Much of this guideline consists of descriptions of how to do these procedures but, where possible, advice is given when evidence is available.

Before undertaking an invasive pleural procedure, all operators should be appropriately trained and have been initially supervised by an experienced trainer. Many of the complications described in the NPSA report were the result of inadequate training or supervision. A recent survey of UK NHS Trusts showed that the majority did not have a formal training policy for chest drain insertion in 2008.2

Studies of clinical practice have shown that there is a wide variation in the knowledge and skills of doctors inserting chest drains. In a published study3 where doctors were asked to indicate where they would insert a chest drain, 45% indicated they would insert the drain outside of the safety triangle, …
AUTOLOGOUS PLASMIN FOR PHARMACOLOGIC VITREOLYSIS PREPARED 1 HOUR BEFORE SURGERY (2006)

APE obtained by this method can lead to a PVD and facilitate the complete remotion of vitreous cortex. The intravitreal injection does not lead to alteration of systemic blood coagulation.
DVB channel coding standards for broadcasting compressed video services (1997)

Video compression has been of interest to broadcasters for many years. Professional applications based on ITU-R standards are already in use in the contribution and distribution chain. The goal of transmitting digitally compressed video to the home was also approached but with reduced success until the development of video compression standards, such as MPEG, which permit the low bit rates needed to support consumer services. Following the agreement on source coding processes the emphasis turned to digital transmission techniques suitable for broadcast media such as satellite, cable, terrestrial and multichannel multipoint distribution systems (MMDS). Whereas in some parts of the world proprietary schemes have emerged, in Europe the Digital Video Broadcasting Project was convened to develop such transmission standards as would be complementary to MPEG. A number of different solutions have been necessary and these are described together with an overview of practical development of systems and hardware.
Expression of the vault RNA protects cells from undergoing apoptosis (2015)

Non-protein-coding RNAs are a functionally versatile class of transcripts exerting their biological roles on the RNA level. Recently, we demonstrated that the vault complex-associated RNAs (vtRNAs) are significantly upregulated in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected human B cells. Very little is known about the function(s) of the vtRNAs or the vault complex. Here, we individually express latent EBV-encoded proteins in B cells and identify the latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) as trigger for vtRNA upregulation. Ectopic expression of vtRNA1-1, but not of the other vtRNA paralogues, results in an improved viral establishment and reduced apoptosis, a function located in the central domain of vtRNA1-1. Knockdown of the major vault protein has no effect on these phenotypes revealing that vtRNA1-1 and not the vault complex contributes to general cell death resistance. This study describes a NF-κB-mediated role of the non-coding vtRNA1-1 in inhibiting both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways.
Wireless "Jump" Starts for Partly Disabled Equipment (1986)

Equipment activated when normal remote starting does not work Beam from nearby station first carries raw energy and then subsystemactivating signals to equipment crippled by discharged storage batteries. Operators start up equipment without approaching it under hazardous conditions. Potential terrestrial applications for scheme include starting of robots on such remotely-controlled hazardous tasks as handling of explosives or retrieval or deposition of objects in hostile environments.
Assessing link quality in IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networks: Which is the right metric? (2008)

The accurate determination of the link quality is critical for ensuring that functionalities such as intelligent routing, load-balancing, power control and frequency selection operate efficiently. There are 4 primary metrics for capturing the quality of a wireless link: RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication), SINR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio), PDR (Packet-Delivery Ratio), and BER (Bit-Error Rate). In this paper, we perform a measurement-based study in order to answer the question: which is the appropriate metric to use, and under what conditions? We evaluate the relative accuracy of each metric by conducting experiments with multiple transmission rates and varying levels of interference on a large set of links. We observe that each metric has advantages and projects one or more limitations. Our study suggests that a careful consideration of these limitations is essential, and provides guidelines on the applicability of each metric.
Revisiting QRS Detection Methodologies for Portable, Wearable, Battery-Operated, and Wireless ECG Systems (2014)

Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death worldwide. Currently, portable battery-operated systems such as mobile phones with wireless ECG sensors have the potential to be used in continuous cardiac function assessment that can be easily integrated into daily life. These portable point-of-care diagnostic systems can therefore help unveil and treat cardiovascular diseases. The basis for ECG analysis is a robust detection of the prominent QRS complex, as well as other ECG signal characteristics. However, it is not clear from the literature which ECG analysis algorithms are suited for an implementation on a mobile device. We investigate current QRS detection algorithms based on three assessment criteria: 1) robustness to noise, 2) parameter choice, and 3) numerical efficiency, in order to target a universal fast-robust detector. Furthermore, existing QRS detection algorithms may provide an acceptable solution only on small segments of ECG signals, within a certain amplitude range, or amid particular types of arrhythmia and/or noise. These issues are discussed in the context of a comparison with the most conventional algorithms, followed by future recommendations for developing reliable QRS detection schemes suitable for implementation on battery-operated mobile devices.
Photoresponsive and Gas Sensing Field-Effect Transistors based on Multilayer WS2 Nanoflakes (2014)

The photoelectrical properties of multilayer WS₂ nanoflakes including field-effect, photosensitive and gas sensing are comprehensively and systematically studied. The transistors perform an n-type behavior with electron mobility of 12 cm(2)/Vs and exhibit high photosensitive characteristics with response time (τ) of <20 ms, photo-responsivity (Rλ) of 5.7 A/W and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 1118%. In addition, charge transfer can appear between the multilayer WS₂ nanoflakes and the physical-adsorbed gas molecules, greatly influencing the photoelectrical properties of our devices. The ethanol and NH₃ molecules can serve as electron donors to enhance the Rλ and EQE significantly. Under the NH3 atmosphere, the maximum Rλ and EQE can even reach 884 A/W and 1.7 × 10(5)%, respectively. This work demonstrates that multilayer WS₂ nanoflakes possess important potential for applications in field-effect transistors, highly sensitive photodetectors, and gas sensors, and it will open new way to develop two-dimensional (2D) WS₂-based optoelectronics.
Magnetic transport of trapped cold atoms over a large distance (2001)

We report the transport of magnetically trapped cold atoms over a large distance. Atoms are captured in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) and loaded into a magnetic quadrupole trap. The quadrupole potential is then moved over a distance of 33 cm into an ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber using a chain of quadrupole coils. By running suitable currents through the quadrupole coil pairs the trapping geometry of the potential is maintained during the transport process, thus minimizing heating of the trapped atom cloud. Magnetically trapped ${}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms at an initial temperature of $T=125 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{K}$ were heated by less than $20 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{K}$ during the transport process, and up to ${10}^{9}$ atoms were transferred into the UHV chamber. Due to the spatial separation of the final magnetic trap and the MOT we have been able to capture atoms in the MOT, while storing magnetically trapped atoms in the UHV chamber.
Decreased growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in Turner's syndrome: Relation to body weight and adiposity (1991)

A decreased growth hormone response to various secretagogues has been described in Turner's syndrome, but the mechanisms responsible for this decrease are unknown. Seventeen prepubertal girls with Turner's syndrome (age 6.4 to 15.7 years; height -0.2 to -5.4 SD, bone age -3.7 to -0.3 SD; weight 93 to 169% of ideal body weight) underwent a stimulation test with GHRH (0.5 micrograms/kg). Plasma GH and prolactin were measured by radioimmunoassay from -30 to +120 min and insulin-like growth factor-I at time 0. These values were compared with those observed in lean children with constitutional short stature. Peak plasma GH after GHRH was 17.0 +/- 3.6 micrograms/l (mean +/- SEM), significantly lower (p less than 0.001) than in the short lean children (39.2 +/- 5.1 micrograms/l). In Turner's syndrome patients, the peak GH value was negatively correlated with the percentage of ideal body weight (r = -0.58, p less than 0.02) and of body fat (r = -0.59, p less than 0.02). Plasma prolactin levels in Turner's syndrome did not rise after GHRH and showed a normal circadian variation, from 8.0 +/- 1.0 micrograms/l at 08.30 h to 5.0 +/- 0.7 micrograms/l at 11.00 h (mean +/- SEM). Mean (+/- SEM) baseline plasma insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations was 0.88 +/- 0.14 kU/l, higher than in the short lean children (0.49 +/- 0.08 kU/l, p less than 0.05). We conclude that the decreased GH response to GHRH of girls with Turner's syndrome is related, at least in part, to their excess body weight and fat and is associated with higher IGF-I levels than in short lean children.
Mathematical Aspects of NMR Tomography (1984)

Mathematical aspects of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) tomography are discussed. Two main image formation schemes reviewed are the projection reconstruction and direct Fourier imaging techniques. Specific cases of two- and three-dimensional NMR imaging are also presented.