gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellulose nanofibrils as filler for adhesives: effect on specific fracture energy of solid wood-adhesive bonds (2011)

Cellulose nanofibrils were prepared by mechanical fibrillation of never-dried beech pulp and bacterial cellulose. To facilitate the separation of individual fibrils, one part of the wood pulp was surface-carboxylated by a catalytic oxidation using (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) as a catalyst. After fibrillation by a high pressure homogenizer, the obtained aqueous fibril dispersions were directly mixed with different urea-formaldehyde-(UF)-adhesives. To investigate the effect of added cellulose filler on the fracture mechanical properties of wood adhesive bonds, double cantilever beam specimens were prepared from spruce wood. While the highest fracture energy values were observed for UF-bonds filled with untreated nanofibrils prepared from wood pulp, bonds filled with TEMPO-oxidized fibrils showed less satisfying performance. It is proposed that UF-adhesive bonds can be significantly toughened by the addition of only small amounts of cellulose nanofibrils. Thereby, the optimum filler content is largely depending on the adhesive and type of cellulose filler used.
Aqueous route for the synthesis of platinum, ruthenium and ceria nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the electrooxidation of methanol and ethanol (2013)

The electrochemical oxidation of methanol and ethanol in acidic media was studied using electrodes composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) decorated with Pt, Ru and ceria nanoparticles. Polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) was used to disperse the MWCNTs in water and provide nucleation sites for the growth of catalyst nanoparticles. Composite electrodes were characterized for structural and electrochemical properties and all electrodes modified with Ru displayed greater catalytic ability for alcohol oxidation than those without Ru. In addition, the inclusion of ceria seemed to increase the catalytic ability in every sample suggesting a synergistic effect between Pt, Ru and ceria for the oxidation of methanol and ethanol. The catalytic effect of Pt and Ru concentration was studied by holding Ru concentrations constant and increasing the concentration of Pt. The same concentration of ceria was used for all modified electrodes. The results of this study show that the electrode prepared from 3:1 Pt:Ru solutions with ceria showed the highest peak current density for methanol oxidation (at 0.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl/Cl-) which was nearly 20 times greater than that for an unmodified Pt electrode. Similar results were seen for ethanol oxidation on the same electrode which resulted in peak current densities greater than 20 times those for the unmodified Pt electrode at 0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl/Cl-.
The Uninsured in the U.S. Healthcare System (2008)

Dean G. Smith, PhD, professor of health management and policy and senior associate dean for administration, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan For more information on the concepts in this column, please contact Dr. Smith at [email protected].
Screening of lipase inhibitors from marine algae (1999)

The possible presence of an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) was screened in 54 marine algae. An active inhibitor, caulerpenyne, was purified from an extract of Caulerpa taxifolia, using ethyl acetate extraction, followed by successive chromatographies on ODS and silica gel columns. The purified inhibitor was identified by thin-layer chromatography, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Caulerpenyne competitively inhibited lipase activities using emulsified triolein and dispersed 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate (4-MU oleate) as substrates. The concentrations producing 50% inhibition against triolein and 4-MU oleate hydrolysis were 2 mM and 13 microM, respectively. In vivo, oral administration of corn oil with or without caulerpenyne to rats demonstrated a reduced and delayed peak plasma triacylglycerol concentration with caulerpenyne.
Intense switchable fluorescence in light wave coupled electrowetting devices (2004)

Switchable fluorescence has been obtained from light wave coupled (LWC) electrowetting (EW) devices fabricated on an optical waveguide substrate. The LWC device structure contains a polar water component and a nonpolar oil component that compete for placement on a hydrophobic surface under the influence of an applied electric field. The oil film contains organic lumophores that fluoresce intense red (608nm), green (503nm), and blue (433nm) light with ∼90% quantum efficiency when excited by violet light. Violet InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) couple ∼405nm excitation light into the waveguide substrate. EW of the water layer displaces the fluorescent oil film such that it is either optically coupled to, or decoupled from, the underlying waveguide. The output luminance can be modulated from &gt;100cd∕m2to&lt;5cd∕m2 as a dc voltage ranging from 0to−24V is applied to the water layer. Maximum luminance of 15×30 arrays of the devices may exceed ∼500cd∕m2 by simply increasing the output of the InGaN LEDs.
Alarm handler for the Advanced Photon Source control system (2002)

The Advanced Photon Source (APS) will have a control system employing graphics workstations at the operator interface level and VME-based microprocessors operating with a distributed database at the field level. The alarm handler is an application utilizing X-Windows running on one or more operator interface workstations which monitors alarms generated by the VME-based microprocessors. Alarms can be grouped in a hierarchical manner. The operator can monitor, acknowledge, and mask alarms either individually or aggregately. Alarm changes of state and all operator modifications are logged. When alarms occur, display windows are automatically generated conveying system and subsystem relationships and severity. Menus are used to modify the alarm action configuration files and to obtain help. Since alarm groups are defined via an alarm configuration file, the alarm handler is a general purpose application which can be customized to monitor a single subsystem or configured to monitor the entire accelerator complex.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
CO2-Soluble Surfactants for Improved Mobility Control (2010)

Abstract Several commercially available, non-ionic surfactants have been identified that are capable of dissolving in CO2 in dilute concentration at typical MMP conditions and, upon mixing with brine, stabilizing CO2-in-water or CO2-in-brine emulsions or foams. These surfactants include water-soluble branched alkylphenol ethoxylates, linear alkylphenol ethoxylates, and branched alkyl ethoxylates. At 25 °C, the solubility of these surfactants in liquid CO2 at ~1300 psia (~9 MPa) is 0.02 – 0.10 wt%. When equal volumes of liquid CO2 and brine (5wt% NaCl) are mixed with these surfactants, an opaque, white emulsion forms that initiallyfills the entire high pressure view cell. This emulsion collapses, yielding a clear aqueous zone below the emulsion as the brine drains from the continuous films of surfactant-stabilized brine that separate the cells of dense CO2, and a clear CO2 zone above the emulsion as the droplets of CO2 coalesce. The stability of these emulsions, as measured by the rate of their collapse, is strongly influenced by the architecture of the surfactant. The most stable emulsions were achieved with water-soluble, branched alkylphenol ethoxylates, such as nonylphenol ethoxylates with 9-15 ethylene oxide repeat units, and linear alkylphenol ethoxylates, which yielded CO2-in-brine emulsions containing 9-23vol% brine that were stable for more than five hours.
Randomized Decoding for Selection-and-Ordering Problems (2007)

The task of selecting and ordering information appears in multiple contexts in text generation and summarization. For instance, methods for title generation construct a headline by selecting and ordering words from the input text. In this paper, we investigate decoding methods that simultaneously optimize selection and ordering preferences. We formalize decoding as a task of finding an acyclic path in a directed weighted graph. Since the problem is NP-hard, finding an exact solution is challenging. We describe a novel decoding method based on a randomized color-coding algorithm. We prove bounds on the number of color-coding iterations necessary to guarantee any desired likelihood of finding the correct solution. Our experiments show that the randomized decoder is an appealing alternative to a range of decoding algorithms for selection-and-ordering problems, including beam search and Integer Linear Programming.
Do Household Scanner Data Provide Representative Inferences from Brand Choices: A Comparison with Store Data (1996)

Sachin Gupta, Pradeep Chintagunta, Anil Kaul, Dick R. Wittink, Do Household Scanner Data Provide Representative Inferences from Brand Choices: A Comparison with Store Data, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 33, No. 4 (Nov., 1996), pp. 383-398
Genetic expression of a transthyretin mutation in typical and late‐onset Portuguese families with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (1986)

Two studies were conducted to explore questions concerning the expression of a mutant transthyretin (TTR) gene, found in Portuguese patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP). In a kindred with typical onset of the disease, complete agreement between genotype and phenotype was seen for all carriers of the variant TTR with a methionine-for-valine substitution at position 30 (TTR[Met30]). In another study involving a FAP kindred with a late onset of clinical disease, TTR(Met30) was found in plasma in asymptomatic persons with ages above the usual age of onset of the disease. No evidence was obtained for the existence of a different mutation in TTR or for repression of the expression of the mutant TTR gene in this kindred. The factors responsible for the delay in the development of clinical manifestations in late-onset patients are not known and warrant further study.
A 1-MHz and 16-bit ΣΔ DAC with a 224th-order reconstruction FIR-filter using only 9 nonzero taps (2002)

This paper presents a 65-MHz clock rate and 32-times oversampling digital-to-analog sigma-delta converter in a standard 1 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. The modulator have been designed for large bandwidth, large input range and low tonality. These demands have been met by a 6th-order lossy modulator. To utilize the modulator bandwidth and relax the reconstruction filter requirements a high-order FIR-filter have been used that combines D/A-conversion with a sharp transition-band filtering. For the application novel use of a interpolated half-band FIR-filter gives a low number of nonzero tap coefficients compared to earlier reported designs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bilinear switched-capacitor ladder filter with reduced number of amplifiers (1980)

A novel technique is described for the design of bilinear switched-capacitor ladder filters with a reduced number of amplifiers.
Process Improvement Based on External Knowledge Context (2010)

The external environment of an organization is characterized by significant changes that occur in the social, economical, political and technological fields. The organization should know this setting and act effectively. A major challenge is how to define significant information in its diverse contexts. In a business process scenario, context could be defined as the minimum set of variables containing all relevant information impacting the design and implementation of a business process. Although there are a few proposals that deal with context associated to business process (Nunes et al. 2009)(Rosemann et al. 2008)(Saidani and Nurcan 2007), they still miss an explicit method that supports the identification of relevant external contexts that impact on specific activities during a business process execution. In this paper we describe a method for supporting the identification and prioritization of variables to be considered in the context of the external environment that impacts process activities execution.
Space-time bit-interleaved coded modulation with an iterative decoding strategy (2002)

A space-time coding approach for wireless communications deploying multiple transmit and multiple receive antennas is presented. The approach is based on the concatenation of a convolutional encoder, a bit interleaver, and a space-time signal constellation mapper that combines multi-level/phase modulation with multiple transmit antennas. The decoding strategy follows an iterative (turbo-like) algorithm where soft information is exchanged between a soft-in soft-out demapper and a soft-in soft-out convolutional decoder. It is applicable with one or more receive antennas, and shows that spectral efficient/reliable communications are possible with few iterations. We address the performance analysis in both block and fast flat Rayleigh fading in order to provide insight into the space-time code construction criteria for the approach that we propose. Finally, simulation results are reported for schemes with 2 bits/s/Hz and 4 bits/s/Hz.
The Epoch-Greedy Algorithm for Multi-armed Bandits with Side Information (2007)

We present Epoch-Greedy, an algorithm for multi-armed bandits with observable side information. Epoch-Greedy has the following properties: No knowledge of a time horizon is necessary. The regret incurred by Epoch-Greedy is controlled by a sample complexity bound for a hypothesis class. The regret scales as or better (sometimes, much better). Here is the complexity term in a sample complexity bound for standard supervised learning.
Design and Implementation of the UniProt Website (2008)

Abstract The UniProt consortium is the main provider of protein sequence and annotation data for much of the life sciences community. The "www.uniprot.org":http://www.uniprot.org website is the primary access point to this data and to documentation and basic tools for the data. This paper discusses the design and implementation of the new website, which was released in July 2008, and shows how it improves data access for users with different levels of experience, as well as to machines for programmatic access.
Description of Amazonian Theobroma L. collections, species identification, and characterization of interspecific hybrids (2004)

There are two major in vivo collections of species of the genus Theobroma L. in Belém and Marituba, state of Pará, Brazil, and in both there are natural species, as well as natural and artificial interspecific hybrids. In order to organize a database of Brazilian Theobroma species, a description of the existing collections and detailed information about the interspecific hybrids, including an artificial key for their identification, are presented in this article.
An immunoassay for ergotamine and related alkaloids (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn immunoassay for ergotamine and related alkaloidsRichard A. Shelby and Virginia C. KelleyCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1990, 38, 4, 1130–1134Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00094a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00094a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>Bordetella pertussis</i>filamentous hemagglutinin delivered by mucosal routes enhances immunoglobulin levels in serum and mucosal fluids (2008)

Free Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) can act as an adjuvant for mucosally administrated antigens. Here, we show that independently of the adjuvant properties of FHA toward an unrelated antigen, total IgG or IgA concentrations in serum and mucosal fluids are enhanced by the administration of FHA. Oral administration of FHA increases both total IgG concentrations in serum and total immunoglobulin concentrations in intestinal lavages. Nasal administration of FHA increases total IgA concentrations in broncho-alveolar lavages. FHA induces Langerhans cell recruitment and MIP-3alpha mRNA expression within hours after administration. These observations shed a new light on the potential molecular mechanisms of FHA-induced adjuvanticity.
Resolution and Severity in Decompression Illness (2009)

omegaWe review the terminology of decompression illness (DCI), investigations of residual symptoms of decompression sickness (DCS), and application of survival analysis for investigating DCI severity and resolution. The Type 1 and Type 2 DCS classifications were introduced in 1960 for compressed air workers and adapted for diving and altitude exposure with modifications based on clinical judgment concerning severity and therapy. In practice, these proved ambiguous, leading to recommendations that manifestations, not cases, be classified. A subsequent approach assigned individual scores to manifestations and correlated total case scores with the presence of residual symptoms after therapy. The next step used logistic regression to find the statistical association of manifestations to residual symptoms at a single point in time. Survival analysis, a common statistical method in clinical trials and longitudinal epidemiological studies, is a logical extension of logistic regression. The method applies to a continuum of resolution times, allows for time varying information, can manage cases lost to follow-up (censored), and has potential for investigating questions such as optimal therapy and DCI severity. There are operational implications as well. Appropriate definitions of mild and serious manifestations are essential for computing probabilistic decompression procedures where severity determines the DCS probability that is acceptable. Application of survival analysis to DCI data would require more specific case information than is commonly recorded.
Release and elimination of dopamine in vivo in mice lacking the dopamine transporter: functional consequences (2000)

In mice lacking the dopamine transporter (DAT), the amplitude of dopamine (DA) release and the kinetics of dopamine elimination were measured in vivo using carbon fibre electrodes combined with amperometry. DA release was evoked by electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle. The amplitude of DA release per pulse was lower (7% in striatum and 21% in nucleus accumbens) than in wild-type mice. Inhibition of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) by pargyline, but not of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) by tolcapone, slowed down DA elimination in knockout mice. As DA half-life was two orders of magnitude higher in these mice, the DA diffusion distance was 10-times higher than in wild-types (100 and 10 microm, respectively). In knockout mice, alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine induced a much faster decline of DA release and haloperidol was less effective in potentiating DA release. Therefore, DA release was more dependent on DA synthesis than in normal animals but was less influenced by D2 autoregulation. Dopaminergic neurons exhibit two kinds of discharge activity, i.e. single spikes and bursts of 2-6 action potentials. In wild-type mice, stimuli mimicking bursts evoked significant increases in extracellular DA over its basal level sustained by tonic activity. However, in mice lacking the DAT, low frequency firing resulted in consistently high extracellular DA levels that could not be distinguished from DA levels achieved by high frequency firing. Therefore, the burst firing activity cannot be specifically translated into phasic changes in extracellular DA. This deficit might contribute to the difficulties of these mice in spatial cognitive function.
Towards a fixed point QP solver for predictive control (2012)

There is a need for high speed, low cost and low energy solutions for convex quadratic programming to enable model predictive control (MPC) to be implemented in a wider set of applications than is currently possible. For most quadratic programming (QP) solvers the computational bottleneck is the solution of systems of linear equations, which we propose to solve using a fixed-point implementation of an iterative linear solver to allow for fast and efficient computation in parallel hardware. However, fixed point arithmetic presents additional challenges, such as having to bound peak values of variables and constrain their dynamic ranges. For these types of algorithms the problems cannot be automated by current tools. We employ a preconditioner in a novel manner to allow us to establish tight analytical bounds on all the variables of the Lanczos process, the heart of modern iterative linear solving algorithms. The proposed approach is evaluated through the implementation of a mixed precision interior-point controller for a Boeing 747 aircraft. The numerical results show that there does not have to be a loss of control quality by moving from floating-point to fixed-point.
Ovarian failure and cancer treatment: incidence and interventions for premenopausal women. (1989)

Ovarian failure may be a long-term consequence of cancer treatment for premenopausal women. Caused by several treatments, including radiation therapy and the alkylating agents, it produces signs and symptoms associated with menopause: hot flashes, amenorrhea, dyspareunia, loss of libido, and irritability. Critical factors that determine ovarian functioning after treatment for cancer are the patient's age at the time of therapy, the amount of radiation that the ovaries received, and the dose of the antineoplastic agent(s). Medical interventions, such as hormonal therapy and surgical repositioning of the ovaries, may maintain ovarian function for some women. Nursing intervention includes assessment, education, and counseling. Counseling focuses on how the prematurely menopausal patient feels about herself as indicated by self-esteem, body image, and sexuality.
Iraq: The Masked Democracy? (2013)

The United Nations has warned that Iraq stands at a crossroads. Widespread sectarian violence, human rights abuses and anti-government protests leave a question mark hanging over the country's political future. Aaron Edwards investigates the outstanding issues that remain 10 years on from the US-led invasion.