gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic classification of the acoustical situation using amplitude-modulation spectrograms (1999)

A fast and reliable classification of the acoustical situation is an important prerequisite for modern speech processing schemes. Noise suppression algorithms in digital hearing aids, for example, are strongly dependent on a proper noise level estimation. The classification algorithm which is presented is based on so-called amplitude-modulation spectrograms (AMS). It is motivated by neurophysiological findings in the auditory cortex in mammals. Its basic idea is that both spectral and temporal information of the signal is used to attain a separation between ‘‘acoustical objects’’ within the signal. Spectral information is gained by splitting the input signal into different frequency bands, temporal information is gained by analyzing amplitude modulations in each frequency band. Thus for each analysis frame of the input signal, a two-dimensional AMS pattern is created. Signals with similar spectral shape but different temporal properties are clearly distinct in the AMS representation. A neural network is trained on a large number of AMS patterns which were generated from speech and noise samples. After training, an automatic classification of speech and noise from ‘‘unknown’’ sources is performed with high accuracy. Furthermore, an estimate of the present signal-to-noise ratio is supplied for mixed input signals.
Characterization of<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>Alkaline Phosphatase and Use in Identifying<i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>Secreted Proteins (1999)

We have identified and characterized an Enterococcus faecalis alkaline phosphatase (AP, encoded by phoZ). The predicted gene product shows homology with alkaline phosphatases from a variety of species; it has especially high similarity with two alkaline phosphatases from Bacillus subtilis. Expression of phoZ in Escherichia coli, E. faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus [GBS]), or Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus [GAS]) produces a blue-colony phenotype on plates containing a chromogenic substrate, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolylphosphate (XP or BCIP). Two tests were made to determine if the activity of the enzyme is dependent upon the enzyme's subcellular location. First, elimination of the signal sequence reduced AP activity to 3% of the wild-type activity (or less) in three species of gram-positive bacteria. Restoration of export, using the signal sequence from C5a peptidase, restored AP activity to at least 50% of that of the wild type. Second, we engineered two chimeric proteins in which AP was fused to either a periplasmic domain or a cytoplasmic domain of lactose permease (a membrane protein). In E. coli, the periplasmic fusion had 17-fold-higher AP activity than the cytoplasmic fusion. We concluded that AP activity is export dependent. The signal sequence deletion mutant, phoZDeltass, was used to identify random genomic fragments from GBS that encode exported proteins or integral membrane proteins. Included in this set of fragments were genes that exhibited homology with the Rib protein (a cell wall protein from GBS) or with DppB (an integral membrane protein from GAS). AP acts as a reporter enzyme in GBS, GAS, and E. faecalis and is expected to be useful in a variety of gram-positive bacteria.
Role of Protein Vibration in Emotion, Attention, Learning and Memory (2015)

SRC-Tripura, Melarmath, Agartala, Tripura Abstract A brief account of behavioral traits of an individual particularly with respect to emotion, attention and learning has been discussed. It has been shown that emotion; attention and learning are closely related to each other. Earlier these were used to be discussed from the view point of macro behavioral attitudes like physical changes viz. body language etc. of the individual. With the advancement in molecular biology these are discussed and experimented in the context of micro molecules. The role of with its in explaining emotion, attention and learning is explained here briefly. Attempt has been taken to identify different proteins responsible for different characteristics of the behavioral traits of the individual. The results pertaining to learning and retention of the learned events evaluated on the basis of protein vibration from the view point of one dimensional Schrodinger Equation are found compatible with those observed by the scholars on undertaking experiment on mice in 1963 and also in subsequent years.
Fuel Rail with Integrated Damping Effect (2002)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Fuel rails (FRs) with integrated pulsation dampers prevent undesirable cabin noise. Such fuel rails were studied through a test vehicle evaluation on MPI returnless fuel supply systems. Among the alternative shapes of steel FRs, it was found that a flat or high aspect ratio rectangular cross section FR best absorbs the fuel pressure pulsations. In addition, the effect of the air-fuel ratio (A/F) was experimentally studied on pressure pulsation absorption in V and in-line engines.</div>
Ser/Thr-specific protein phosphatases are required for both catalytic steps of pre-mRNA splicing (1992)

We have used a combination of highly specific protein phosphatase inhibitors and purified mammalian protein phosphatases to show that at least two separate Ser/Thr protein phosphatase activities are required for pre-mRNA splicing, but not for spliceosome assembly. Okadaic acid, tautomycin, and microcystin-LR, which are potent and specific inhibitors of PP1 and PP2A, two of the four major types of Ser/Thr-specific phosphatase catalytic subunits, block both catalytic steps of the pre-mRNA splicing mechanism in HeLa nuclear extracts. Inhibition of PP2A inhibits the second step of splicing predominantly while inhibition of both PP1 and PP2A blocks both steps, indicating a differential contribution of PP1 and PP2A activities to the two separate catalytic steps of splicing. Splicing activity is restored to toxin-inhibited extracts by the addition of highly purified mammalian PP1 or PP2A. Protein phosphatase activity was not required for efficient assembly of splicing complexes containing each of the U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 snRNPs. The data indicate that reversible protein phosphorylation may play an important role in regulating the pre-mRNA splicing mechanism.
Assessment of Potential Radiation Hazard from the COMWIN Vest Antenna (2003)

The COMbat Wear integration (COMWIN) antenna is currently being developed by Dr. Richard Adams of SPAWAR Systems Center, San Diego (Adams et al., 1999, Adams et al., 2000; Adams et al,. 2001; and Adams et al., 2002). The antenna would replace the whip antenna on man portable radios with a vest partially composed of a conductive fabric. The vest would make it more difficult for adversaries to locate and identify radio operators and would not interfere with operator's movement in the way protruding antenna would. These advantages result because of the close proximity of the antenna to the body of the operator. This report describes the results of an assessment of the radio frequency energy deposited in the body of the operator wearing three versions of the Mark III COMWIN vest antenna. A human phantom was used for the measurements because probes must be inserted within the body. Local specific absorption rates (SARs) were measured in the homogeneous tissue equivalent phantom using non-perturbing temperature probes at frequencies ranging from 30 to 450 MHz. In addition, local and whole body SARs were calculated using the Brooks anatomical man model. The results of the empirical measurements and the theoretical modeling suggest that, given a net input power to the antenna of 5W, the energy absorbed by the operator would not exceed current safety standards even if the operator were to transmit continuously. Under normal operation, when transmission is interrupted, the duty cycle of the antenna and the resulting SAR will be substantially lower.
Early detection of lymphocyte stimulation and mixed lymphocyte interaction in man with a semimicro protein synthesis assay. (1974)

A rapid semimicro assay for lymphocyte activation in man is described. It is based upon the stimulation of protein synthesis (SPS) in peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in serum-free medium with soluble antigens, phytomitogens or allogeneic lymphocytes. Cellular response to PHA is discernible in 4 hr and response to antigen in 16 to 24 hr. Stimulation in mixed lymphocyte cultures can be detected as early as 8 to 10 hr and invariably by 42 hr. The assay permits detection of lymphocyte activation earlier and with greater precision than the widely employed thymidine incorporation blast transformation system.
Directional photoluminescence enhancement of organic emitters via surface plasmon coupling (2009)

In this paper, we had quantitatively investigated the photoluminescence of organic emitter on a Si substrate with periodically corrugated metal thin film experimentally and theoretically. Due to the plasmonic coupling by the metal gratings, 4.3 times and 1.7 times enhancements in optical intensities were observed at specified and full viewing angles at certain wavelengths, respectively. Good agreement of angular-frequency versus in-plane wavevector (ω-k) curves between experiments and calculations were obtained when varying organic materials, metal materials, and grating pitches. Two different metal materials were used, which show slight shift in ω-k curves due to the high sensitivity of the surface plasmon to the relative permittivity.
A Flexible and Cost-Effective File-Wise Reliability Scheme for Storage Systems (2010)

This work presents a new scheme of reliability mechanism in storage systems. The new scheme defines reliability and protects data in the scope of file, which is very different from traditional strategies, which protect data in the scopes of storage block or the whole device. The scheme provides the possibility to store highly reliable files and normal ones under the same file system, increasing flexibilities and decreasing costs of storage systems. To implement this scheme, Linux virtual file system (VFS) layer has been modified to perform reliability related operations during I/O calling paths and provide new interfaces for file systems to define their own reliability methods. A modified Ext2 file system with different levels of reliability has also been built as an example design of the new scheme. Depending on reliability levels, files in the example design are protected by parity check and Reed-Solomon Code of different code rates, which incur different overheads.
Sub-band, dual-channel adaptive noise cancellation using normalised LMS (1996)

An adaptive noise cancellation scheme for speech processing is described. Adaptive filters are implemented in sub-bands, based on a model of the human cochlea. A modification to the LMS structure is introduced which guarantees stability and convergence. This modification, a non-recursive normalisation, is used both in a wideband and in a sub-band implementation of the scheme. The effect of this normalisation is to cause the speech to be distorted, indicating that there is little benefit in using normalised LMS in a sub-band scheme, whether the application uses classical or intermittent noise cancellation.
Differential optical fiber refractometer based on a path-matching differential interferometer with temperature compensation (2001)

We present a new approach for the development of a highly stable optical fiber refractometer based on a path-matching differential interferometer. Exploiting a single-channel phase tracker and new synthetic heterodyne demodulations, one can eliminate the thermal drift on a piezoelectric transducer stack as a phase modulator by subtraction. A transducer in a differential Fabry-Perot refractometer is designed to compensate for the thermal effects not only from thermal expansion but also from the thermo-optic effect. The experimental data show that the refractive-index change in the sensing system can be kept at a level of approximately 5 x 10(-4) without serious variations for a 1-h period of long-term monitoring associated with a temperature variation of from 25 to 50 degrees C. Accordingly, the proposed new system can be easily implemented and used as a long-term monitoring system for medical care applications such as monitoring patients during drug injection.
Thermostable Dipeptidase from Bacillus stearothermophilus: Its Purification, Characterization, and Comparison with Aminoacylase1 (1988)

Dipeptidase (dipeptide hydrolase [EC 3.4.13.11]) has been purified to homogeneity and crystallized from the cell extract of Bacillus stearothermophilus IFO 12983. The enzyme has a molecular weight of about 86,000, and is composed of two subunits identical in molecular weight (43,000). The enzyme contains 2 g atoms of zinc per mol of protein. A variety of dipeptides consisting of glycine or only L-amino acids serve as substrates of the enzyme; Km and Vmax values for L-valyl-L-alanine are 0.5 mM and 68.0 units/mg protein, respectively. The enzyme is significantly stable not only at high temperatures but also on treatment with protein denaturants such as urea and guanidine hydrochloride. The enzyme also catalyzes hydrolysis of several N-acylamino acids with Vmax values 3-30% of those for the hydrolysis of dipeptides. The thermostable dipeptidase shares various properties with bacterial aminoacylase [EC 3.5.1.14]: their subunit molecular weight, metal content and requirement, amino acid composition, and amino acid sequence in the N-terminal region are very similar.
Cerebral haemodynamics and depression in the elderly (2002)

Depression in late life is associated with cerebral haemodynamic changes that can be assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. The observed reduction in cerebral blood flow velocity could be a result of reduced demand in more seriously depressed cases with a DSM-IV disorder, whereas reduced CO2 induced cerebral vasomotor reactivity is a possible causal factor for subthreshold depressive disorder.
A study on the dynamic characteristics of an epicyclic gear trains supported with journal bearing (1998)

In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of a star type epicyclic gear train have been analyzed. Nonlinear stiffness of a gear pair were obtained considering the bending and shear deformation, Hertz contact deformation, as well as tooth fillet deformation. Nonlinear stiffness coefficients and damping coefficients around the static equilibrium position were obtained by perturbation method. The loci of the planet gears and sun gear were estimated. Tooth meshing forces and bearing reaction forces were calculated. The effects of bearing clearance and oil viscosity on the gear behavior were also analyzed.
The Reaction of Silver Nitrite with Primary Alkyl Halides<sup>1,2</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Silver Nitrite with Primary Alkyl Halides1,2Nathan Kornblum, Bernard Taub, and Herbert E. UngnadeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 12, 3209–3211Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01641a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01641a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views699Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expert Oracle Database Architecture (2010)

Now in its third edition, this best-selling book continues to bring some of the best thinking on how to apply Oracle Database to produce scalable applications that perform well and deliver correct results. Tom Kyte and Darl Kuhn share a simple philosophy: you can treat Oracle as a black box and just stick data into it, or can understand how it works and exploit it as a powerful computing environment. If choose the latter, then youll find that there are few information management problems that cannot solve quickly and elegantly. This fully revised third edition covers the developments up to Oracle Database 12c. Significant new content is included surrounding Oracle's new cloud feature set, and especially the use of pluggable databases. Each feature is taught in a proof-by-example manner, not only discussing what it is, but also how it works, how to implement software using it, and the common pitfalls associated with it. Dont treat Oracle Database as a black-box. Get this book. Get under the hood. Turbo-charge your career. Revised to cover Oracle Database 12c Proof-by-example approach: Let the evidence be your guide Dives deeply into Oracle Databases most powerful features What youll learn Develop an evidence-based approach to problem solving Manage transactions in highly concurrent environments Speed access to data through table and index design Manage files and memory structures for performance and reliability Scale up through partitioning and parallel processing Load and unload data to interface with external systems Who this book is for Expert Oracle Database Architecture is aimed at Oracle Database administrators, at PL/SQL and Java developers writing code to be deployed inside the database, and at developers of external applications who use Oracle Database as a data store. It is the go-to book for those wishing to create efficient and scalable applications.
Alcohol elimination chemistry of tetrakis(tert-butoxocopper) (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlcohol elimination chemistry of tetrakis(tert-butoxocopper)T. H. Lemmen, G. V. Goeden, J. C. Huffman, R. L. Geerts, and K. G. CaultonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 19, 3680–3685Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00344a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00344a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2042Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Magnetic scaffolds of polycaprolactone with functionalized magnetite nanoparticles: physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties effective for bone regeneration (2014)

Novel nanocomposite magnetic scaffolds demonstrated excellent bone cell responses.
Survey of autonomous gas leak detection and quantification with snapshot infrared spectral imaging (2020)

Abstract We survey the current state of the art in industrial gas sensing, explaining how existing sensing techniques estimate gas concentration, column density, total volume, and leak rate. We especially focus on the application of snapshot infrared spectral imaging to gas detection and quantification, as this is the newest of the available techniques. After discussing the strengths and weaknesses of each measurement technique for deployment in autonomous sensing, we explain how autonomous detection systems are important to improving sensing capabilities in industrial facilities, and advancing the state of the art.
Simulation Run Length Control in the Presence of an Initial Transient (1983)

This paper studies the estimation of the steady state mean of an output sequence from a discrete event simulation. It considers the problem of the automatic generation of a confidence interval of prespecified width when there is an initial transient present. It explores a procedure based on Schruben's Brownian bridge model for the detection of nonstationarity and a spectral method for estimating the variance of the sample mean. The procedure is evaluated empirically for a variety of output sequences. The performance measures considered are bias, confidence interval coverage, mean confidence interval width, mean run length, and mean amount of deleted data. If the output sequence contains a strong transient, then inclusion of a test for stationarity in the run length control procedure results in point estimates with lower bias, narrower confidence intervals, and shorter run lengths than when no check for stationarity is performed. If the output sequence contains no initial transient, then the performance measures of the procedure with a stationarity test are only slightly degraded from those of the procedure without such a test. If the run length is short relative to the extent of the initial transient, the stationarity tests may not be powerful enough to detect the transient, resulting in a procedure with unreliable point and interval estimates.
Apoptosis in Neural Development and Disease (2000)

Cell death via apoptosis is a prominent feature in mammalian neural development. Recent studies into the basic mechanism of apoptosis have revealed biochemical pathways that control and execute apoptosis in mammalian cells. Protein factors in these pathways play important roles during development in regulating the balance between neuronal life and death. Additionally, mounting evidence indicates such pathways may also be activated during several neurodegenerative diseases, resulting in improper loss of neurons.
Generation of t<sup>-2</sup>voltage pulses for ion analysers (1983)

An electronic system is described for the generation of the t-2 voltage pulse used for ion separation in a particular form of time-of-flight ion energy analyser. The pulse is synthesised with an RC-network and the theory for the design of this special network is given in detail. A technique for making measurements on the pulse waveform is included and such measurements show that the t-2 pulse produced experimentally had an accuracy of better than 3% over a voltage dynamic range of greater than 30 dB. Other applications of the work, which could involve voltage pulses different from the t-2 shape considered in detail, are suggested and the possibility of generating specially shaped pulses at a high voltage level is discussed.