gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Calibration of a Fast Flying-Dot Projector for Dynamic Light Transport Acquisition (2020)

The light transport captures a scene's visual complexity. Acquiring light transport for dynamic scenes is difficult, since any change in viewpoint, materials, illumination or geometry also varies the transport. One strategy to capture dynamic light transport is to use a fast “flying-dot” projector; i.e., where an impulse light-probe is quickly scanned across the scene. We have built a novel fast flying-dot projector prototype using a high speed camera and a scanning MEMS (Micro-electro-mechanical system) mirror. Our contributions are calibration strategies that enable dynamic light transport acquisition at near video rates with such a system. We develop new methods for overcoming the effects of MEMS mirror resonance. We utilize new algorithms for denoising impulse scanning at high frame rates and compare the trade-offs in visual quality between frame rate and illumination power. Finally, we show the utility of our calibrated setup by demonstrating graphics applications such as video relighting, direct/global separation, and dual videography for dynamic scenes such as fog, water, and glass. Please see our accompanying video for dynamic scene results.
Molecular Modeling Studies of “Flap Up” Mannosyl Cation Mimics (1996)

The importance of inhibitors of glycosidases as therapeutic agents for viral, proliferative, and metabolic diseases is being increasingly recognised. Several years ago we reported that the activities of mannosidase inhibitors may be explained in terms of their similarity to the mannosyl cation intermediate postulated to form during the enzyme-catalyzed processing of oligosaccharide substrates. Recently, the validity of this model has been called in to question by some authors. We report recent molecular modeling studies undertaken to clarify this apparent contradiction. Mannostatin can indeed bind in a fashion which bears a close similarity to the mannosyl cation. Moreover we have shown that (-)-mannostatin is not able to adopt a similar binding mode to that of the mannosyl cation. As additional proof, Farr et al. have synthesized a trihydroxycyclopentylamine as a direct mimic of our mannosyl cation model. Satisfyingly, this compound shows potent inhibition of Jack Bean alpha-mannosidase, as predicted by the model. The inactivity of aminotrihydroxyhexahydro-1H-azepine against mannosidases can be explained in terms of the relative energies of the axial versus equatorial conformations of the critical hexahydroazepine ring substituents.
Production of Interleukin-12 by Murine Macrophages in Response to Bacterial Peptidoglycan (1998)

Peptidoglycan (PG), a component of the bacterial cell wall, has various immunomodulating activities, including the capacity to induce delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions to antigens administered in Freund's adjuvant. We report that PG induces interleukin-12 (IL-12) mRNA production and IL-12 secretion by mouse macrophages. The capacity of PG to induce IL-12 production, like its previously reported immunomodulating activities, was dependent on the structure of its peptide subunit. PG from Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus induced IL-12 production, whereas PG from Micrococcus luteus and Corynebacterium poinsettiae did not. The ability of most bacterial PGs to induce IL-12 production suggests that they play an important role in triggering host defense mechanisms against bacterial infections.
Computational visual attention systems and their cognitive foundations (2010)

Based on concepts of the human visual system, computational visual attention systems aim to detect regions of interest in images. Psychologists, neurobiologists, and computer scientists have investigated visual attention thoroughly during the last decades and profited considerably from each other. However, the interdisciplinarity of the topic holds not only benefits but also difficulties: Concepts of other fields are usually hard to access due to differences in vocabulary and lack of knowledge of the relevant literature. This article aims to bridge this gap and bring together concepts and ideas from the different research areas. It provides an extensive survey of the grounding psychological and biological research on visual attention as well as the current state of the art of computational systems. Furthermore, it presents a broad range of applications of computational attention systems in fields like computer vision, cognitive systems, and mobile robotics. We conclude with a discussion on the limitations and open questions in the field.
Experimental Studies Defining ω‐3 Fatty Acid Antiinflammatory Mechanisms and Abrogation of Tumor‐Related Syndromes (2005)

Clinical and experimental evidence has supported a benefit for the inclusion of fish oils (a primary source of omega-3 fatty acids) as a component of a normal healthy diet. Polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids have been demonstrated to be of benefit in a number of inflammation-associated disease states, including atherosclerosis, autoimmune disorders, malignancy, and sepsis. The beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids are thought to occur through the postulated antiinflammatory actions of omega-3 fats; however, the specific mechanism(s) of action has not been completely defined. In this review, we discuss the recent progress made in our laboratory on defining the mechanisms of omega-3 fatty acids activity.
A self-served mobile location query service (2002)

The existing location-based services position the mobile devices primarily by the cell where they are located. Mobile operators offer location-related services, for example shortest path suggestion, and active notification of subscriber's preference. Since location is a kind of subscriber privacy, people are usually reluctant to reveal this information unless confronted with emergency. However, if one can himself determine whether to provide his location information to a community or not, it becomes a convenience for mobile subscribers. As illustrations, a boss can know where his employee is, a visiting traveler can find and meet his friends who are currently at the same area, or parents can trace their children. This convenience has great potential popularity. This study constructs the above mobile location query service on a trust basis, and it provides two layers of protection to privacy: one is a trust certificate, and the other is the mobile subscriber's own will to reveal his location. With these two mechanisms, both convenience and privacy are retained. In the trend of next-generation telecommunication service, subscriber control plays an important role since it can support a variety of subscriber self-serve capabilities. The proposed mobile location query service provides a certain degree of subscriber control, and it can further combine a Web environment, thus advanced applications can be offered.
Loving in the New Millennium: On Equal Protection and the Right to Marry (2000)

This article examines some of the recent Loving v. Virginia scholarship which attempts to recharacterize the case so that it will be viewed as irrelevant for current debates surrounding same-sex marriage. The article shows why these attempts neither account for the opinion itself nor for the subsequent jurisprudence and suggests that, these attempts notwithstanding, Loving has much to say regarding same-sex marriage issues and that the speciousness of many of the current arguments to the contrary is itself telling.
Nonantibiotic Effects of Fluoroquinolones in Mammalian Cells (2015)

Fluoroquinolones (FQ) are powerful broad-spectrum antibiotics whose side effects include renal damage and, strangely, tendinopathies. The pathological mechanisms underlying these toxicities are poorly understood. Here, we show that the FQ drugs norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin are powerful iron chelators comparable with deferoxamine, a clinically useful iron-chelating agent. We show that iron chelation by FQ leads to epigenetic effects through inhibition of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that require iron as a co-factor. Three dioxygenases were examined in HEK293 cells treated with FQ. At sub-millimolar concentrations, these antibiotics inhibited jumonji domain histone demethylases, TET DNA demethylases, and collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases, leading to accumulation of methylated histones and DNA and inhibition of proline hydroxylation in collagen, respectively. These effects may explain FQ-induced nephrotoxicity and tendinopathy. By the same reasoning, dioxygenase inhibition by FQ was predicted to stabilize transcription factor HIF-1α by inhibition of the oxygen-dependent hypoxia-inducible transcription factor prolyl hydroxylation. In dramatic contrast to this prediction, HIF-1α protein was eliminated by FQ treatment. We explored possible mechanisms for this unexpected effect and show that FQ inhibit HIF-1α mRNA translation. Thus, FQ antibiotics induce global epigenetic changes, inhibit collagen maturation, and block HIF-1α accumulation. We suggest that these mechanisms explain the classic renal toxicities and peculiar tendinopathies associated with FQ antibiotics.
EVALUATION OF MONOSACCHARIDES, DISACCHARIDES AND CORN SYRUPS AS DISPERSANTS FOR HEAT‐PROCESSED DRIED SOY MILK PROTEINS (1971)

ABSTRACT— Addition of carbohydrates such as dextrose, sucrose or corn syrups to heat‐treated soy milk before drying significantly improved the redispersibilities of the resultant dried products, reaching about 100% at 1.0–1.5 times as much sugar as soy milk solids. Among carbohydrates tested, corn syrups, expecially those enzyme‐converted in the region of 48.5 D.E., seemed to be suitable materials because of high dispersant efficiency, moderate sweetness and easier drying. One possible reason for the dispersant effects of sugars is suggested to be a physical separation of soy protein molecules. Effects of corn syrups upon the spray‐drying of soy milk also are discussed.
Elements of Mathematical Ecology (2001)

Elements of Mathematical Ecology provides an introduction to classical and modern mathematical models, methods, and issues in population ecology. The first part of the book is devoted to simple, unstructured population models that ignore much of the variability found in natural populations for the sake of tractability. Topics covered include density dependence, bifurcations, demographic stochasticity, time delays, population interactions (predation, competition, and mutualism), and the application of optimal control theory to the management of renewable resources. The second part of this book is devoted to structured population models, covering spatially-structured population models (with a focus on reaction-diffusion models), age-structured models, and two-sex models. Suitable for upper level students and beginning researchers in ecology, mathematical biology and applied mathematics, the volume includes numerous clear line diagrams that clarify the mathematics, relevant problems thoughout the text that aid understanding, and supplementary mathematical and historical material that enrich the main text.
CD200 Ligand–Receptor Interaction Modulates Microglial Activation<i>In Vivo</i>and<i>In Vitro</i>: A Role for IL-4 (2007)

Deficits in cognitive function are associated with neuroinflammatory changes, typified by activation of glial cells and an alteration of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in the brain. Although there is evidence to suggest that activation of microglia is regulated by interaction with other cell types in the brain, the mechanism(s) involved is poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that interaction between CD200 and its receptor plays a role in modulating microglial activation under conditions of chronic and acute inflammation of the brain. We report that interleukin-4 (IL-4) plays a central role in modulating expression of CD200 and identify a mechanism by which IL-4 directly controls microglial cell activation. Our findings provide the first demonstration of a role for IL-4 in modulating CD200 expression and suggest a mechanism for regulation of microglial activation in the intact CNS under inflammatory conditions.
Raising gradient limitations in 2.1 GHz superconducting photonic band gap accelerator cavities (2014)

We report results from recent 2.1 GHz superconducting radio frequency (SRF) photonic band gap (PBG) resonator experiments at Los Alamos. Two 2.1 GHz PBG cells with elliptical rods were fabricated and tested at high power in a liquid helium bath at the temperatures of 4 K and below 2 K. The described SRF PBG cells were designed with a particular emphasis on changing the shape of the PBG rods to reduce peak surface magnetic fields and at the same time to preserve its effectiveness at damping higher-order-modes. The superconducting PBG cavities have great potential for damping long-range wakefields in SRF accelerator structures without affecting the fundamental accelerating mode. The cells performed in accordance with simulation's predictions and the maximum achieved accelerating gradient was 18.3 MV/m. This represents a 30% increase over gradients previously demonstrated in superconducting PBG cavities with round rods.
BLOCKADE OF β<sub>1</sub>‐ AND β<sub>2</sub>‐ADRENOCEPTORS DELAYS WOUND CONTRACTION AND RE‐EPITHELIALIZATION IN RATS (2006)

1. The participation of sympathetic efferent fibres in wound healing is not well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenoceptor blockade on rat excisional cutaneous wound healing. 2. Male rats were treated orally with propranolol dissolved in drinking water (50 mg/kg per day), whereas the control group received drinking water without propranolol. Propranolol was administered daily until rats were killed. A full-thickness excisional lesion was performed. The lesion area was measured to evaluate wound contraction. After rats had been killed, lesion and adjacent normal skin were formol fixed and paraffin embedded. Sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin, Sirius red or Toluidine blue and immunostained for a-smooth muscle actin or proliferating cell nuclear antigen. 3. Propranolol-treated rats presented delayed wound contraction and epidermal healing and decreased hydroxyproline levels, collagen density and neo-epidermis thickness. Blockade of beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenoceptors increased epidermal and connective tissue cell proliferation, polymorphonuclear leucocyte migration, myofibroblast density and mast cell migration. The volume density of blood vessels was increased and vessels were more dilated in propranolol-treated animals. 4. Thus, we conclude that beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenoceptor blockade impairs cutaneous wound healing. This information should be considered by physicians during the treatment of patients who present with hypertension and problems in the healing process (such as venous ulcers).
The effects of DNA supercoiling on the expression of operons of the ilv regulon of Escherichia coli suggest a physiological rationale for divergently transcribed operons (2001)

Transcriptional activities of closely spaced divergent promoters are affected by the accumulation of local negative superhelicity in the region between transcribing RNA polymerase molecules (transcriptional coupling). The effect of this transcription-induced DNA supercoiling on these promoters depends on their intrinsic properties. As the global superhelical density of the chromosome is controlled by the energy charge of the cell, which is affected by environmental stresses and transitions from one growth state to another, the transcriptional coupling that occurs between divergently transcribed promoters is likely to serve a physiological purpose. Here, we suggest that transcriptional coupling between the divergent promoters of the ilvYC operon of Escherichia coli serves to co-ordinate the expression of this operon with other operons of the ilv regulon during metabolic adjustments associated with growth state transitions. As DNA supercoiling-dependent transcriptional coupling between the promoters of other divergently transcribed operons is investigated, additional global gene regulatory mechanisms and physiological roles are sure to emerge.
Trace analysis of nonfluorescent ions by associative clustering with a fluorescent probe (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrace analysis of nonfluorescent ions by associative clustering with a fluorescent probeMurray V. Johnston and John C. WrightCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 11, 1774–1780Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50047a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50047a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of Interfacial Bonding on the Self-Adhesion of SBR and Neoprene (1984)

Abstract When two elastomer layers are partially crosslinked in contact with each other, the strength of adhesion increases. This effect has now been studied for simple vulcanizates of SBR and for CR vulcanizates crosslinked with sulfur and/or oxide linkages. Under threshold conditions, e.g. , at high temperatures and in the swollen state, when both viscous effects and strain-induced crystallization are virtually eliminated, the work of detachment is small and approximately proportional to the inferred degree of interlinking, rising from a few J/m 2 when only Van der Waals' attractions are present, up to 40–70 J/m 2 in the fully-interlinked state. No significant differences were observed between SBR and CR vulcanizates, or with different types of crosslinking of CR. The principal structural factors governing the adhesive strength under threshold conditions appear to be the number and length of the molecular strands comprising the network and crossing the interface. The threshold fracture energy is directly proportional to the density of such strands and is smaller for shorter strands, in accord with the theory of Lake and Thomas. Under normal conditions, e.g. , at room temperature and in the unswollen state, CR vulcanizates were found to adhere much more strongly for a given degree of interlinking, presumably due to strain-induced crystallization. Indeed, some enhancement of strength persisted even at temperatures of 100–150°C, in the unswollen state.
Loading the bases: a new number representation with applications (2003)

A number system has recently been introduced that uses two orthogonal bases (Double-base Number System-DBNS). In its direct form the system provides a very sparse two-dimensional number representation which appears, initially, to be a curiosity. After some research by our group, however, the number system has proved to have some interesting and potentially far-reaching applications. The number system has been extended to more than 2 bases and a logarithmic version, which we refer to as the Multi-dimensional Logarithmic Number System (MDLNS), has also proved useful for implementing digital filters. An important property of the MDLNS, that the computational complexity associated with each base reduces both as the number of bases and as the number of digits (or logarithmic components) increase, gives rise to some simple implementation procedures. In this article we will explore some of the theory of the linear and logarithmic systems associated with this new representation, and provide examples of applications in cryptography and digital filter implementation.
Dynamic Anamorphosis as a Special, Computer-Generated User Interface (2013)

A classical or static anamorphic image requires a specific, usually a highly oblique view direction, from which the observer can see the anamorphosis in its correct form. This paper explains dynamic anamorphosis which adapts itself to the changing position of the observer so that wherever the observer moves, he sees the same undeformed image. This dynamic changing of the anamorphic deformation in concert with the movement of the observer requires from the system to track the 3D position of the observer’s eyes and the re-computation of the anamorphic deformation in real time. This is achieved using computer vision methods which consist of face detection and tracking the 3D position of the selected observer. An application of this system of dynamic anamorphosis in the context of an interactive art installation is described. We show that anamorphic deformation is also useful for improving eye contact in videoconferencing. Other possible applications involve novel user interfaces where the user can freely move and observe perspectively undeformed images.
A Rapid Method for the Analysis of Starch (1986)

Abstract A rapid enzymic method for starch analysis, especially in cereal products, is presented. One person can analyze 30 samples per day. The method includes a 15 min gelatinization step in a boiling water bath in the presence of a thermostable α‐amylase, a 30 min amyloglucosidase incubation of a subsample, and subsequent determination of glucose with a glucose oxidase/peroxidase reagent. The method was evaluated by analysis of the starch content in various raw and industrially processed wheat samples. The method showed high precision (CV=0.6–1.0%) and accuracy. Some factors which might affect the enzymic availability of starch and thus its recovery in the analysis are evaluated and discussed.
Deletion of intestinal epithelial AMP-activated protein kinase alters distal colon permeability but not glucose homeostasis (2021)

Altogether, our results revealed a significant role of intestinal AMPK in maintaining IEB integrity in the distal colon but not in regulating glucose homeostasis. Our data also highlight the complex interaction between gut microbiota and host AMPK.
60 mW 1.5 /spl mu/m single-frequency low-noise fiber laser MOPA (1994)

The operating characteristics of an efficient 60 mW, single frequency, low noise integrated master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) with active noise suppression is presented. With active noise reduction this source demonstrated a maximum relative intensity noise of /spl minus/110 dB/Hz below the CW lasing level in the relaxation oscillation regime and a broadband RMS noise of 0.39% with respect to the CW lasing level in a 2 MHz bandwidth.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>High-density optical disk mastering using UV light source</title> (1994)

For high density optical disk mastering processes, it is important to appropriately select the light source and optical layout as well as to optimize photoresist and exposure method. A g-line type photoresist is preferred for use in the mastering processes, compared with i-line type photoresist. By using the UV light source, the pit width is narrowed down to 0.25 micrometers , which is easily fabricated. Under preferred fabrication exposure power for cross talk and modulation amplitude, excellent jitter values, 8/8 ns, 10.8 ns and 16.9 ns were achieved for quadrupled, quintupled and 6-times density CD-ROMs.