gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Promoting and Protecting Mental Wellbeing during Times of Economic Change (2014)

History shows that economic shocks, whether boom or bust, can have profound effects on mental health and wellbeing. The magnitude of these effects, and the populations most affected, can vary considerably. In some contexts there may be adverse impacts on suicide rates and interpersonal violence, while stress, anxiety, and depressive disorders may be on the rise. In other contexts these impacts have been minimal. There are many potential explanatory factors. In all cases much can be learned from these past economic shocks as to potential mechanisms that can be used to strengthen resilience and protect mental health and wellbeing. This chapter outlines a range of measures that can safeguard and support mental health and wellbeing during economic shocks. It emphasizes that the promotion and protection of wellbeing cannot be achieved by the health sector alone. The determinants of mental health often lie outside of the remits of the health system and all sectors of society have to be involved in the promotion of mental health.
Effects of intravenous histamine on pulmonary mechanics in nonasthmatic and asthmatic subjects (1977)

Histamine is thought to be one of the primary mediators of the airways response in allergic asthma. We have studied in detail in nonasthmatic and asthmatic volunteers the effects of its intravenous infusion on pulmonary mechanics. The doses used were similar in both groups and limited by vascular rather than pulmonary effects. Measurements were made of lung resistance, the subdivisions of lung volume, maximal flow, density dependence, lung elastic recoil and dynamic compliance. The only mean group changes were a decrease in dynamic compliance and increase in frequency dependence of compliance in the nonasthmatics. Although in nonasthmatic individuals, statistically significant changes occasionally occurred in some parameters, the response was variable on repeated studies and sufficiently small to be of questionable physiological significance. Some of the asthmatics developed larger changes, but these only occurred in those individuals whose preinfusion pulmonary function was abnormal. Our results suggest the possibility that altered prechallenge pulmonary function rather than an unusual sensitivity to histamine may determine the greater responses observed in asthmatics.
Isolation of large numbers of fully viable human reticulocytes using continuous Percoll density gradient. (1992)

A rapid one-step continuous density gradient centrifugation method for the separation of reticulocytes from peripheral blood is described. Each of 27 blood samples from patients whose initial reticulocytes ranged from 2.1% to 22.8% (X = 7.6%) was subjected to Percoll density gradient separation. Reticulocyte-rich areas were found in the 1.081 to 1.092 density range. The final reticulocyte yield ranged from 73.9% to 98.6% (X = 87.0%) and a recovery of 14.8%. Optimal reticulocyte yields were obtained using centrifugation tubes with an internal diameter of 16 mm and when the tubes were spun for 40 minutes. Two indices that may be reliable indicators of final reticulocyte yield were the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). This simple and reliable method can be used to separate platelets, granulocytes, erythrocytes, and mononuclear cells.
Behavior of a spontaneously arising human retinal pigment epithelial cell line cultivated on thin alginate film (2015)

Alginate film can support the survival and growth of hRPE cells and induce the cells to re-organize in tissue-like structures.
Cancellation of second-order distortion of directly modulated laser in erbium-doped fiber amplifier (1993)

Experimental verification of cancellation of second-order distortion from a directly modulated laser diode by amplification in an erbium-doped fiber is demonstrated. This cancellation occurs when the distortion of laser diode and the distortion generated in the erbium-doped fiber amplifier are out of phase.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Met174 side chain is the site of photoinsertion of a substance P competitive peptide antagonist photoreactive in position 8 (2003)

Numerous photoaffinity studies of the NK-1 receptor have been carried out with peptide agonist analogues of substance P (SP). However, no information is available with regard to the domain interaction of peptide antagonists within this receptor. We describe herein the photoaffinity labelling of the SP receptor with a peptide antagonist analogue, Bapa(0)[(pBzl)Phe(8),DPro(9),MePhe(10),Trp(CHO)(11)]SP. Photolabelling, enzymatic or chemical cleavage of the covalent complex, purification via streptavidin-coated beads and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry analysis led us to show that the methyl of Met174 side chain, within the receptor's second extracellular loop, is covalently linked to the antagonist photoreactive at position 8.
Minichromosomes derived from the B chromosome of maize (2005)

Fourteen minichromosomes derived from the B chromosome of maize are described. The centromeric region of the B chromosome contains a specific repetitive DNA element called the B repeat. This sequence was used to determine the transmission frequency of the different types of minichromosomes over several generations via Southern blot analysis at each generation. In general, the minichromosomes have transmission rates below the theoretical 50% frequency of a univalent chromosome. The gross structure of each minichromosome was determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on root tip chromosome spreads. The presence of the B centromeric repeat and of the adjacent heterochromatic knob sequences was determined for each minichromosome. In two cases, the amount of the centromeric knob repeat is increased relative to the progenitor chromosome. Other isolates have reduced or undetectable levels of the knob sequence. Potential uses of the minichromosomes are discussed.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric quantification of the mu opioid receptor agonist DAMGO in ovine plasma (2000)

The synthetic opioid peptide analog Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-N-methyl-Phe-Gly-ol (DAMGO), which is a mu opioid receptor-selective agonist, was quantified in ovine plasma samples with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS), using delayed extraction and a reflectron. The internal standard was pentadeuterated DAMGO. Timed-ion selection was used to select the precursor ion. The analysis of the post-source decay fragments improved the detection sensitivity, and the use of the precursor-product ion relationship optimized the specificity. For plasma samples, the inter-assay variability of this method was 6.4% (n = 79) and the intra-assay variability was 6.0% (n = 10). The variability for controls was 3.4% (n = 43). The profile of DAMGO amount versus time was determined in sheep plasma, and the corresponding pharmacokinetic data were calculated.
Evaporative Heat Transfer in a Capillary Structure Heated by a Grooved Block (1999)

Experimental results of capillary-driven heat and mass transfer in a vertical rectangular capillary porous structure, heated from a grooved block placed on the top, are reported in this paper. The formation of the liquid-vapor menisci in the vicinity of the downward-facing heated surface provided the capillary-force for the upflow of water in the porous structure. The temperature distributions in both the heating block and porous structure, as well as the induced mass flow rate of water, were measured under different heat flux conditions. The experimental results show that with an increase of the imposed heat flux, the heat transfer coefficient increases to a maximum value and then decreases afterward. It is also found that the liquid-vapor interface moved toward the downward-facing heated surface as the imposed heat flux was increased. The heat transfer mechanisms leading to the maximum heat transfer coefficient and the critical heat flux are explained based on the visual observation of the phase-change behavior and the measured temperature distributions within the porous structure. The effects of particle sizes, the inlet temperature of the subcooled liquid, and the adverse gravity force on the heat transfer characteristics are also examined.
Uplink power control for TDMA portable radio channels (1994)

Power control based on signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) has been proposed as a technique for managing co-channel interference in frequency reuse radio systems. Recently, new autonomous power control methods were introduced to achieve near-optimum performance without difficult centralized control proposed earlier. The achievable performance from preliminary studies appears promising for providing significant increase in spectrum efficiency. However, the implementation of the SIR-based power control algorithms remains challenging. In this paper, implementation of power control that indirectly depends on SIR is discussed. As an example, a simple closed-loop power control algorithm for the portable transmitter is introduced for TDMA portable radio systems. While it may appear specific for the system considered, the underlying principle and parameters required (i.e., error indicator, received power level, and signal quality indicator) are common to the implementation of digital demodulation circuitry. Computer simulations indicate that SIR level is maintained at a level suitable for sustaining desirable performance. Furthermore, when the power-control updating period is short, as in the specific system considered, moderate-rate short-term fading can be tracked and mitigated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Titanium Nitride Powders by Direct Nitridation of Titanium Oxide (2001)

Nanocrystalline TiN powder has been synthesized by the direct nitridation of nanocrystalline TiO 2 powder. Powder XRD patterns indicated that the TiN nanocrystalline powder could be obtained by nitridation at 800°C for 5 h. TEM micrographs showed that the synthesized TiN powders consisted of uniform spherical particles with an average diameter of ∼20 nm. The effect of the nitridation temperature and holding time on the powder properties is discussed.
Seasonal Flows on Warm Martian Slopes (2011)

Water probably flowed across ancient Mars, but whether it ever exists as a liquid on the surface today remains debatable. Recurring slope lineae (RSL) are narrow (0.5 to 5 meters), relatively dark markings on steep (25° to 40°) slopes; repeat images from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment show them to appear and incrementally grow during warm seasons and fade in cold seasons. They extend downslope from bedrock outcrops, often associated with small channels, and hundreds of them form in some rare locations. RSL appear and lengthen in the late southern spring and summer from 48°S to 32°S latitudes favoring equator-facing slopes, which are times and places with peak surface temperatures from ~250 to 300 kelvin. Liquid brines near the surface might explain this activity, but the exact mechanism and source of water are not understood.
Specificity in the alkylation of serine at the active site of .alpha.-chymotrypsin by aromatic .alpha.-bromo amides (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpecificity in the alkylation of serine at the active site of .alpha.-chymotrypsin by aromatic .alpha.-bromo amidesWilliam B. LawsonCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 10, 2140–2144Publication Date (Print):May 13, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 13 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00551a022https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00551a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Progress of the Quantum Experiment Science Satellite (QUESS) Micius Project (2018)

By using satellites, ultra-long-distance quantum communication and tests of quantum foundations could be achieved at a global scale. The Quantum Experiment Science Satellite (QUESS) in China, also called Micius, one of the scientific satellite programs in the Strategic Priority Program on space science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was launched on 16 August 2016. There are totally 4 scientific payloads. We give a brief overview of the quantum experiment science satellite project and present most recent science results. The main scientific goal of the quantum experiment science satellite was achieved in 2017. Here, we introduce the latest achievements in satellite-based quantum communication and large-scale tests of quantum foundations obtained by Micius.
Comparison of extract and flavonoid‐rich Fraction from mulberry on proliferation and lipid accumulation in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes (LB392) (2014)

This study was performed to investigated the effect of ethanol extracts and fraction of Morus alba L. on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3‐L1 cell. Obesity is major obstacle for improving health. Therefore, the therapeutic approach using natural plants has been proposed as a novel strategy for preventing obesity. Fruits of mulberry (Morus alba L.) belonging to the Moraceae family have been widely used for therapeutic purposes in Asian countries for centuries. Many study investigated that mulberry fruits can be used as a warming agent, as a remedy for dysentery, and as a tonic, sedative, laxative, odontalgic, anthelmintic, expectorant, and emetic. This study was performed to investigated the effect of ethanol extract and flavonoid‐rich fraction (A2) of Morus alba. on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3‐L1cell. The anti‐proliferation effects of ethanolic extracts and A2 fraction were measured by MTT assay. Cell viability of ehtanolic extract decreased but not A2 fraction during 72 hr in preadipocyte. For anti‐adipogenic effects of Morus alba, ethanolic extract and A2 fraction were examined Oil red O staining assay. Treatment of 3T3‐L1 cells with ethanolic extracts and A2 fraction decreased adipocyte differentiation in a dose‐dependent manner by 18.1% and 32.7% in 100 μg/ml, respectively. The results indicate that Morus alba L. is a possible candidate for regulating lipid accumulation in obesity. Grant Funding Source : This work was supported by Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology(KNF‐2009‐0094017).
PM synchronous generators with hybrid excitation systems and voltage control Capabilities: A review (2012)

A brief review of permanent magnet (PM) synchronous generators with hybrid field excitation systems and output voltage regulation capabilities has been presented. Both series and parallel hybrid field excitation systems have been discussed. The review emphasizes the construction, advantages, drawbacks and basic characteristics of PM synchronous generators with additional field excitation winding placed either on the stator or rotor.
Binary Bismuth(III) Azides: Bi(N<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> , [Bi(N<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>−</sup>, and [Bi(N<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> (2010)

Nitrogen finally meets bismuth: The synthesis of binary bismuth(III) azides BiIII(N3)3, [BiIII(N3)4]−, and [BiIII(N3)6]3− along with their characterization is presented for the first time and closes a chapter in main group chemistry. Bi(N3)3⋅THF qualifies as a good precursor for the generation of binary BiN owing to its low shock and heat sensitivity, in contrast to pure, highly sensitive Bi(N3)3.
Common Misbehavior Against DNS Queries for IPv6 Addresses (2005)

There is some known misbehavior of DNS authoritative servers when they are queried for AAAA resource records. Such behavior can block IPv4 communication that should actually be available, cause a significant delay in name resolution, or even make a denial of service attack. This memo describes details of known cases and discusses their effects.
Evaluation and Modeling of a High-temperature, High-pressure, Hydrogen Separation Membrane for Enhanced Hydrogen Production from the Water-gas Shift Reaction (2005)

A novel configuration for hydrogen production from the water gas shift reaction is proposed, using high temperature to enhance the rate of reaction and employing a hydrogen separation membrane for the collection of the high purity hydrogen product. Experimental high-temperature, high-pressure flux measurements have been made on a material that shows promise for such an application. Mixed oxide and metal “cermet” ion-transport disk membranes, fabricated at Argonne National Laboratory, were evaluated for hydrogen permeability on a unique high-temperature, high-pressure test unit constructed at the National Energy Technology Laboratory. Hydrogen permeation was found to be proportional to ΔPH20.5. At 700°C, the membrane permeability was 9.62×10−3 [cm22/min][mol/lit]0.5, or 5.63×10−9 [mol/m s Pa0.5]. The membrane permeability increased to 3.31×10−2 [cm2/min][mol/lit]0.5, or 1.76×10−8 [mol/m s Pa0.5] at 900°C. The membrane material was also characterized for surface changes and structural integrity using scanning electron microscopy/X-ray microanalysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as a function of temperature, pressure, and hydrogen exposure. Although the membrane performed well for the short periods of time employed in this study, long-term stability remains a concern. The feasibility of using this mixed-oxide ceramic membrane to remove hydrogen from the reaction mixture was modeled for the optimization of the water-gas shift reaction. This reversible reaction is characterized by a very low equilibrium constant at elevated temperatures (>800°C); consequently CO conversion at these temperatures is typically less than 50%. In the scenario modeled, CO conversion was increased from 35% in the absence of a membrane to 79% with a membrane present, with still higher values possible if hydrogen was actively removed from the permeate side of the membrane. In the model, the effectiveness of the configuration is limited by the buildup of hydrogen partial pressure on the permeate side of the membrane. The model provided estimates of the conversion of CO attained for a specified feed, reactor size and permeate pressure.
Efficient Synthesis of Acylsilanes Using Morpholine Amides (2004)

[reaction: see text] A general synthesis of acylsilanes from the corresponding morpholine amides and silyllithium species is described. The use of morpholine amides is economical and prevents over-addition by the silyl nucleophile. The procedure cleanly affords acylsilanes in good yields and circumvents the use of stoichiometric copper(I) cyanide typically employed to synthesize these compounds from acid chlorides.
New observations on factor XI deficiency (2004)

Factor (F) XI is an injury-related bleeding tendency that commonly occurs when trauma involves tissues rich in fibronolytic activators. Severe FXI deficiency is defined when the activity of FXI in plasma is less than 15 U dL(-1). The disorder is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait manifesting in homozygotes or compound heterozygotes, and infrequently in heterozygotes. So far 53 mutations in the gene of FXI have been described and four of them were found to be prevalent in Ashkenazi Jews, Iraqi Jews, Basques or the English population. For each of the four mutations a founder effect was discerned. Inhibitors can develop in patients with FXI level < 1U dL(-1) who were exposed to plasma which seriously complicates their management during surgery. No correction of a prolonged aPTT by normal plasma is indicative of the presence of an inhibitor. In contrast to patients with haemophilia A, severe FXI deficiency provides no protection against myocardial infarction. In patients with severe FXI deficiency undergoing surgery, fresh frozen plasma is the treatment of choice. FXI concentrates can also be used but cause thrombosis in approximately 10% of patients, particularly those with cardiovascular disease. Recombinant FVIIa has successfully prevented bleeding during or after surgery in patients with FXI inhibitors.
Guidelines to design parity protected write-back L1 data cache (2015)

Several decades of technology scaling has brought the challenge of soft errors to modern computing systems, and caches are most susceptible to soft errors. While it is straightforward to protect L2 and other lower level caches using error correcting coding (ECC), protecting the L1 data caches poses a challenge. Parity-based protection of L1 data cache is a more power-efficient alternative, however, some questions still linger -- How effective is parity protection for caches? How can we design a parity-based L1 data cache so as to maximize the protection achieved? The goal of this paper is to perform a quantitative evaluation of the protection afforded by various parity-protected cache design alternatives, and formulate guidelines for the design of power-efficient and reliable L1 data caches. Towards this goal, this paper develops an algorithm to accurately model the vulnerability of data in caches, in the presence of various configurations of parity protection, and validate it against extensive fault injection campaigns. We find that, (i) checking parity at reads only (and not at writes) provides 11% more protection with 30% lesser power overheads as compared to that at both reads and writes; and (ii) when implementing parity at the word-level granularity for 53% improved protection as compared to block-level parity implementation, the dirty-bits in the cache should also be implemented at the same granularity, otherwise, there is no improvement in protection. We find several popular commercial processors -- even the ones specifically designed for reliability -- not following these design guidelines, and resulting in sub-optimial designs.
Fluidised bed combustion of Victorian brown coal char particles (1984)

The fluidized bed is considered to be one of the most efficient means of burning low grade fuels such as Victorian brown coal. Various mathematical models have been proposed to predict the combustion rate of char or carbon particles in fluidized beds. In these cases, combustion is assumed to be controlled by either surface reaction kinetics or film diffusion or a combination of both. It is, however, doubtful whether any of these models should be used for brown coal char. Brown coal char has a porosity of 30-50$ and an internal surface area of 400-800 m2/g and there is evidence that oxygen has access to the interior of the char particles thereby making internal burning a possibility. In this paper, a mathematical model for the combustion of brown coal char particles in an atmospheric pressure fluidized bed is presented. It is assumed that the combustion rate is influenced by all transport and reaction processes, namely pore diffusion-kinetics, film diffusion and oxygen transfer between the bubble and particulate phases. Experimental data are presented to test the model and the comparison is included in this paper.