gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mid-IR supercontinuum generation in a ZBLAN fiber pumped by a gain-switched mode-locked Tm-doped fiber laser and amplifier system (2013)

We demonstrate a novel method of mid-infrared (mid-IR) supercontinuum (SC) generation with the use of a 2 µm gain-switched self-mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser. SC radiation ranging from ~1.9 to 3.8 µm wavelength, generated in a single-mode ZBLAN fiber with a zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) shifted to ~1.9 µm, is reported. An average output power of 0.74 W with 0.27 W at wavelengths longer than 2.4 µm was measured. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report on such an approach to generate a mid-IR SC in optical fibers.
Synthetic Coordination Chemistry: Principles and Practice (1996)

Synthesis of co-ordination compounds theoretical principles the solubility of co-ordination compounds - relationship to composition and structure formation of solvento-complexes homoleptic solvento-complexes as starting materials in preparative co-ordination chemistry synthesis of complexes in non-aqueous solvents via ion exchange electrosynthesis of co-ordination compounds non-traditional oxidants in preparative co-ordination chemistry reducing agents in preparative co-ordination chemistry boron and aluminum hydrides in preparative co-ordination chemistry molecular rearrangements of co-ordination compounds solid-state thermal syntheses.
Synthesis of Degradable Bio-Composites Based on Recycle Polypropylene Filled with Bamboo Powder Using a Reactive Process (2009)

Abstract: Synthesis of bio-composite from recycled polypropylene (rPP) using bamboo powder (BP) as a filler had been carried out. Five levels of filler loading with or without divinyl benzene (DVB) were designed. The influence of filler concentration could improve tensile strength (TS) up to the optimum condition (ratio rPP/BP = 8/2). The effect of the bamboo particle size showed that the TS increased as the size of the particle smaller. The effect of BP particle size showed that the bigger of its size gave better bio-degradation properties. The use of DVB for the synthesis of bio-composites showed more biodegradable than without DVB.
Research on parametric design method for energy efficiency of green building in architectural scheme phase (2013)

Based on a large number of researches and engineering practices both domestic and overseas, it is shown that the building parameters to be determined during scheme phase can exert a great effect on the building energy consumption. In this paper, through a combination of the popular design method of building parameterization at present and the design goal of energy saving during the scheme phase, the author carries out researches on the design methods and tool development which are applicable to parameterization of building energy saving in this stage. In connection with the characteristics of both modeling process of parameterization and energy saving design, and by means of steady calculation as well as simulation, this paper establishes an simplified model to calculate the overall energy consumption of air-conditioning, heating, lighting and equipments, and ultimately gives suggestions on design of scheme for energy saving by optimization with the genetic algorithm (GA). On the basis of the model, a software platform is developed by computer language QT and openGL interface and is oriented to the design users and sets up the MMI (human–computer interaction) software interface for parameterization of building energy saving, which achieves automatic modeling of parameterization and promotes research on practical design cases.
Ferroelectric mixtures and their physico-chemical properties (1988)

Abstract The requirements for ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLC) for an application in fast-switching electro-optic devices are summarized. Typical molecular structures for FLC-mixtures are discussed. New non-chiral SmC-substances as well as some chiral dopants are shown. Important material parameters which are presented include spontaneous polarization, tilt angle, helical pitch in the smectic and cholesteric phase, rotational viscosity, response time, optical anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy. New developed broad range FLC-mixtures with SmC*-phases, SmI*-phases or SmA*-phases at room temperature are introduced.
Purification Principles in High‐Speed Solution‐Phase Synthesis (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Liquid-Liquid Extraction Aqueous Work-Up Phase-Separation Techniques Fluorous Biphasic Systems Ionic Liquids Solid-Phase Extraction Silica Gel and Alumina Fluorous Silica Gel Ion Exchange Covalent Scavengers Solution Scavengers Polymer-Assisted Solution-Phase Chemistry (PASP) Scavenger Resins Resin Capture Complex Purification Strategies Conclusion and Outlook References
High efficiency wraparound contact solar cells /HEWACS/ (1980)

A cell technology, producing high efficiency wrap-around contact solar cells (HEWACS), with both electrical contacts on the back and AMO conversion efficiencies of almost 15%, is presented. A flow chart indicating the baseline process sequence along with the process changes is given. Tests checking for coating delamination and contact integrity, those measuring contact strength, and thermal cycle tests, successfully demonstrated that this cell technology is ready to be moved to the pilot production stage.
Graded-SiGe-base, poly-emitter heterojunction bipolar transistors (1989)

Si/Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) fabricated using a low-temperature epitaxial technique to form the SiGe graded-bandgap base layer are discussed. These devices were fabricated on patterned substrates and subjected to annealing cycles used in advanced bipolar processing. These devices, which have base widths under 75 mm, were found to have excellent junction qualities. Due to the small bandgap of SiGe, the collector current at low bias is ten times higher than that for Si-base devices that have a pinched base resistance. This collector current ratio increases to more than 40 at LN/sub 2/ temperature resulting in current gains of 1600 for the SiGe-base transistors despite base sheet resistances as low as 7.5 k Omega / Square Operator .< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Incidence and Prognostic Value of the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Organ Dysfunctions in Ward Patients (2015)

Almost half of patients hospitalized on the wards developed SIRS at least once during their ward stay. Our findings suggest that screening ward patients using SIRS criteria for identifying those with sepsis would be impractical.
High-Frequency Phage-Mediated Gene Transfer among <i>Escherichia coli</i> Cells, Determined at the Single-Cell Level (2007)

Recent whole-genome analysis suggests that lateral gene transfer by bacteriophages has contributed significantly to the genetic diversity of bacteria. To accurately determine the frequency of phage-mediated gene transfer, we employed cycling primed in situ amplification-fluorescent in situ hybridization (CPRINS-FISH) and investigated the movement of the ampicillin resistance gene among Escherichia coli cells mediated by phage at the single-cell level. Phages P1 and T4 and the newly isolated E. coli phage EC10 were used as vectors. The transduction frequencies determined by conventional plating were 3x10(-8) to 2x10(-6), 1x10(-8) to 4x10(-8), and <4x10(-9) to 4x10(-8) per PFU for phages P1, T4, and EC10, respectively. The frequencies of DNA transfer determined by CPRINS-FISH were 7x10(-4) to 1x10(-3), 9x10(-4) to 3x10(-3), and 5x10(-4) to 4x10(-3) for phages P1, T4, and EC10, respectively. Direct viable counting combined with CPRINS-FISH revealed that more than 20% of the cells carrying the transferred gene retained their viabilities. These results revealed that the difference in the number of viable cells carrying the transferred gene and the number of cells capable of growth on the selective medium was 3 to 4 orders of magnitude, indicating that phage-mediated exchange of DNA sequences among bacteria occurs with unexpectedly high frequency.
Mass spectrometric study of dissociative ionization of low-molecular-weight models of aromatic polyamides (1987)

Energetic characteristics of dissociative ionization processes of low-molecular-weight compounds modeling the chain fragments of aromatic polyamides were studied by mass spectrometric methods. Factors were determined that influence the radiation stability of molecules in this class of compounds. Mechanisms of radiational degradation of macromolecules of aromatic polyamides of different types were proposed.
Vimentin is preferentially expressed in human breast carcinomas with low estrogen receptor and high Ki-67 growth fraction. (1990)

Vimentin expression, growth fractions (GF), and estrogen receptor (ER) levels were determined for 90 untreated primary breast carcinomas. Coexpression of keratin and vimentin was found in approximately 20% of the tumors regardless of menopausal status. Vimentin was expressed preferentially in tumor cells of high-grade ductal breast carcinomas (15 of 28 histologic grade 3 vs. 0 of 40 grades 1 and 2). Vimentin expression was found preferentially in tumors with high GF (greater than 15% Ki-67 positive by immunoperoxidase staining) and low ER levels (less than 60 fmols/mg protein by a monoclonal enzyme immunoassay). Sixty-eight percent of tumors in this group were vimentin positive and 88% of all vimentin-positive tumors fell into this category. More than 50% of the tumor cells coexpressed vimentin and keratin. Thus, vimentin expression may be helpful in identifying a substantial subset of ER-independent breast carcinomas with poor prognostic indicators.
A built-in self-test approach for medium to high-resolution digital-to-analog converters (2002)

A test approach and circuitry suitable for built-in self-test (BIST) of medium to high-resolution digital-to-analog (D/A) converter are described. Offset, gain, linearity and differential linearity errors are tested without using mixed-mode or logic test equipment. The proposed BIST structure presents a compromise between test cost, area overhead and test time. The BIST circuitry has been designed using CMOS 1.2 /spl mu/m technology. The simulations performed show that the BIST is applicable for testing D/A converters up to 16-bits resolution. By a minor modification the test structure would be able to localize the fail situation and to test all D/A converters on the chip.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Detecting social cliques for automated privacy control in online social networks (2012)

As a result of the increasing popularity of online social networking sites, millions of people spend a considerable portion of their social life on the Internet. The information exchanged in this context has obvious privacy risks. Interestingly, concerns of social network users about these risks are related not only to adversarial activities but also to users they are directly connected to (friends). In particular, many users want to occasionally hide portions of their information from certain groups of their friends. To satisfy their users' needs, social networking sites have introduced privacy mechanisms (such as Facebook's friend lists) that enable users to expose a particular piece of their information only to a subset of their friends. Unfortunately, friend lists need to be specified manually. As a result, users frequently do not use these mechanisms, either due to a lack of concern about privacy, but more often due to the large amount of time required for the necessary setup and management. In this paper, we propose a privacy control approach that addresses this problem by automatically detecting social cliques among the friends of a user. In our context, a social clique is a group of people whose members share a significant level of social connections, possibly due to common interests (hobbies) or a common location. To find cliques, we present an algorithm that, given a small number of friends (seed), uses the structure of the social graph to generate an approximate clique that contains this seed. The cliques found by the algorithm can be transformed directly into friend lists, making sure that a piece of sensitive data is exposed only to the members of a particular clique. Our evaluation on the Facebook platform shows that our method delivers good results, and the cliques that our algorithm identifies typically cover a large fraction of the actual social cliques.
Effect of Acid Hydrolysis and Ball Milling on Porous Corn Starch (1992)

Abstract Porous corn starch from glucoamylase hydrolysis of native corn starch was examined before and after cross‐linking, acid hydrolysis and dry ball milling. Cross‐linking does not significantly change the crystallinity, water absorption or gelatinisation properties but acid hydrolysis at 60°C increases, proportionately, crystallinity and water absorption capacity and decreases moisture adsorption at humidities less than 80%, in comparison to untreated porous corn starch. Highly crystalline porous starch has a fragile granule structure. Ball milling destroys crystallinity in both normal, porous, and cross‐linked or partially hydrolyzed starches. Particle sizes of 1–2m are obtained by milling dry starches for 48 h. Water absorption for milled starches is more than 200% (weight water/weight starch d.b.). Viscosities of these products were significantly reduced at high temperatures. Products formed stable gels in 25–30% dispersions in cold water.
Atlas of spinal operations (1993)

1 Approaches 2 Scoliosis 3 Kyphosis 4 Ankylosing Spondylitis 5 Fusion of the Cervical Spine 6 Fusion of the Lumbar Spine 7 Spondylolisthesis 8 Neurosurgical Operations 9 Rheumatoid Instability 10 Spondylitis 11 Tumors of the Spine 12 Tumors of the Chest Wall 13 Deformities of the Chest Wall 14 Torticollis
Coupled microstrip line microwave phase shifter using ferroelectric thin film varactors (2012)

This article presents a coupled microstrip line microwave phase shifter using ferroelectric thin film varactors with parallel plate electrodes integrated on high-resistivity silicon substrate. This design is proposed as a component in low-cost beam scanning phased array antennas. The phase shifter structure consists of coupled microstrip line periodically loaded with eight BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) varactors and two planar Marchand baluns. The planar Marchand baluns work as the transformers of odd mode excitation and a transmission stop circuit for even mode excitation as well as the impedance matching networks. A differential phase shift of 45° was obtained with a low dc bias of 20 V at frequency of 9 GHz, which corresponds to a figure of merit of ∼23°/dB. These results represent significant progress toward compact size, low loss, and ferroelectric thin film-based phase shifters at room temperature.
An Overview of Shale Gas Potential in Northeastern British Columbia (2009)

Numerous stratigraphic horizons and play areas in northeastern British Columbia have excellent potential for shale gas development. Focus in recent years has been on the Triassic Upper Montney and the Devonian Muskwa formations. Approximately 90% of the $2.66 billion, acquired in British Columbia land sale bonuses in 2008, can be attributed to the Montney play area and the Devonian Horn River Basin. The Montney play region accounted for approximately 49% of the 2008 bonuses and 41% were from the Horn River Basin. Over the two year period from 2006 to 2008, total PNG sales in the Montney play area increased six fold, from $218 million to $1.32 billion. Likewise, in the Horn River Basin sales increased more than eight fold over this period, from $126 million in 2006 to almost $1.1 billion in 2008.
Design and implementation of CMOS LVDS 2.5 Gb/s transmitter and 1.3 Gb/s receiver for optical interconnections (2002)

Design and implementation of a 2.5 Gb/s CMOS transmitter and a 1.3 Gb/s receiver for optical interconnections are presented. The transmitter accepts LVDS signals and converts it into optical signals. The receiver receives the optical signals and recovers it to LVDS signals. They are designed and implemented in standard 0.25 um CMOS process using 1-poly and 5-metal layers. The 850 nm VCSEL is assumed as a light source. Maximum transmit data rate of 2.5 Gb/s and receive data rate of 1.3 Gb/s are obtained over a wide range of common mode operation. At supply voltage of 2.5 V, the transmitter and receiver consume less then 50 nW and 51 nW of power, respectively.
QoS Issues and Enhancements for IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN (2002)

Quality of Service (QoS) is a key problem of today&apos;s IP networks. Many frameworks (IntServ, DiServ, MPLS, Trac engineering, etc.) have been proposed to provide service dierentiation in the Internet. At the same time, the Internet is becoming more and more heterogeneous due to the recent explosion of wireless networks. In wireless environments, bandwidth is scarce and channel conditions are time-varying and sometimes highly lossy. Many previous research works show that what works well in a wired network cannot be directly applied in the wireless environment. IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN (WLAN) is the most widely used WLAN standard today, but it cannot provide QoS support for the increasing number of multimedia applications. Thus, a large number of 802.11 QoS enhancement schemes have been proposed, each one focusing on a particular mode. This report summarizes all these schemes and presents a survey of current research activities. First, we analyze the QoS limitations of IEEE 802.11 wireless MAC layers. Then, dierent QoS enhancement techniques proposed for 802.11 WLAN are described and classied along with their advantages/drawbacks. Finally, the upcoming IEEE 802.11e QoS enhancement standard is introduced and studied in detail.
Diagnostic criteria for the detection of mandibular osteomyelitis using cone-beam computed tomography (2006)

Because the local extension of the disease and its relationship to anatomic structures can be sufficiently detected by CBCT, we see an important additional indication for the usage of CBCT. With regard to distinct cases CBCT combined with scintigraphy seems to be a sufficient diagnostic strategy concerning suspected OM.
Acanthamoeba keratitis with perforation after corneal crosslinking and bandage contact lens use (2009)

A 32-year-old man with keratoconus developed corneal melting 5 days after riboflavin/ultraviolet-A corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL). Corneal scraping was positive for Acanthamoeba. The patient was unaware that he was wearing a bandage contact lens and repeatedly rinsed his face and eyelids with tap water. Because of corneal perforation, a large therapeutic keratoplasty à chaud was performed. Although CXL is considered a safe procedure, this case emphasizes the potential risks. We discuss the potential effects of deepithelialization, contact lens placement, instillation of topical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and anesthetic agents, and the possible role of apoptosis when performing CXL treatment for keratoconus.
Artifact and noise suppression in GRAPPA imaging using improved <i>k</i>‐space coil calibration and variable density sampling (2004)

A parallel imaging technique, GRAPPA (GeneRalized Auto-calibrating Partially Parallel Acquisitions), has been used to improve temporal or spatial resolution. Coil calibration in GRAPPA is performed in central k-space by fitting a target signal using its adjacent signals. Missing signals in outer k-space are reconstructed. However, coil calibration operates with signals that exhibit large amplitude variation while reconstruction is performed using signals with small amplitude variation. Different signal variations in coil calibration and reconstruction may result in residual image artifact and noise. The purpose of this work was to improve GRAPPA coil calibration and variable density (VD) sampling for suppressing residual artifact and noise. The proposed coil calibration was performed in local k-space along both the phase and frequency encoding directions. Outer k-space was acquired with two different reduction factors. Phantom data were reconstructed by both the conventional GRAPPA and the improved technique for comparison at an acceleration of two. Under the same acceleration, optimal sampling and calibration parameters were determined. An in vivo image was reconstructed in the same way using the predetermined optimal parameters. The performance of GRAPPA was improved by the localized coil calibration and VD sampling scheme.
Memory characteristics of silicon nitride with silicon nanocrystals as a charge trapping layer of nonvolatile memory devices (2005)

Silicon nitride with silicon nanocrystals formed by low-energy silicon plasma immersion ion implantation has been investigated as a charge trapping layer of a polycrystalline silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon-type nonvolatile memory device. Compared with the control sample without silicon nanocrystals, silicon nitride with silicon nanocrystals provides excellent memory characteristics, such as larger width of capacitance-voltage hysteresis, higher program∕erase speed, and lower charge loss rate at elevated temperature. These improved memory characteristics are derived by incorporation of silicon nanocrystals into the charge trapping layer as additional accessible charge traps with a deeper effective trap energy level.
AN EVALUATION OF GONORRHEA CASE FINDING IN THE CHRONICALLY INFECTED FEMALE1 (1969)

Journal Article AN EVALUATION OF GONORRHEA CASE FINDING IN THE CHRONICALLY INFECTED FEMALE Get access DAVID W. JOHNSON, DAVID W. JOHNSON 2Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Oregon Medical SchoolPortland, Oregon 97201 Reprint requests to Dr. Johnson. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KING K HOLMES, KING K HOLMES 3Department of Medicine, University of Washington Hospitals, U S. Public Health Service HospitalSeattle, Wash Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PAUL A. KVALE, PAUL A. KVALE 4U. S. Naval Hospital, San Diego, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar CHARLES W. HALVERSON, CHARLES W. HALVERSON 5U. S. Naval Preventive Medicine Unit #6Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar WILLIAM P. HIRSCH WILLIAM P. HIRSCH 5U. S. Naval Preventive Medicine Unit #6Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 90, Issue 5, November 1969, Pages 438–448, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121090 Published: 01 November 1969 Article history Received: 04 March 1969 Published: 01 November 1969
Poly-β-cyclodextrin based platform for pH mapping via a ratiometric 19F/1H MRI method (2009)

The in vitro validation of a new pH mapping MRI method based on a supramolecular poly-beta-cyclodextrin-19F-Gd adduct is reported.
HINARI in Decline (2011)

HINARI Access to Research in Health Programme launched in January 2002 provided free or very low cost online access to journals in the biomedical sciences for institutions in developing countries. Recently there are apprehensions that the HINARI program is being cut down as major journals were removed from HINARI.