gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
452 MHz Bandwidth, High Rejection 5.6 GHz UNII XBAW Coexistence Filters Using Doped AlN-on-Silicon (2019)

5.66 GHz bulk acoustic wave filters, utilizing doped aluminum nitride (AlN), are reported. The filters exhibit high -3 dB bandwidth of 452 MHz (8% fractional bandwidth), a minimum insertion loss of 1.79 dB, rejection greater than 50 dB and power handling performance (near the upper band edge) up to 32.5 dBm. Resonators show k2eff of 10.24%, Qmax of 1479, and FOM of 151.
Coupled-zigzag-wave theory for guided waves in slab waveguide arrays (1992)

The guided wave in a slab waveguide array is treated as a set of coupled zigzag waves that propagate in the individual waveguides. This treatment leads to an exact dispersion relation for the TE and TM modes of the array, which can be expressed in a recurrence form and is easy to evaluate. Approximations for weakly coupled waveguides are discussed and compared with the coupled-mode theory. It is shown that the present theory can be cast in a form that closely resembles the coupled-mode theory.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Epidemiology of a Pediatric Emergency Medicine Research Network (2006)

We describe previously unavailable epidemiological information about childhood illnesses and injuries that can inform development of future studies on the effectiveness, outcomes, and quality of emergency medical services for children. Most pediatric ED patients in our study sought care for infectious causes or asthma and were discharged from the ED. Hospital admission rate differed according to age, payer type, race/ethnicity, and diagnosis.
An experimental design approach to image enhancement (1992)

An experimental design approach that treats the gray-level value of each pixel as an observation is proposed. Any pixel corrupted by salt-and-pepper noise is considered to be a missing observation. An estimate of a missing observation is derived using a 5*5*5*5 Graeco-Latin squares experimental design model fitted to a 5-pixel*5-pixel mask. Edge-preserving smoothing of images corrupted by a mixture of Gaussian and salt-and-pepper noise is carried out in two steps. First a 5*5*5*5 Graeco-Latin squares mask is used to determine the presence of horizontal, vertical, 45 degrees diagonal, or 135 degrees diagonal edges and localize them using analysis of variance (ANOVA) on contrasts. The center pixel in the 5-pixel*5-pixel mask is then replaced by the average of all the pixels on the same side of the edge that includes the center pixel. The process is powerful and efficient. The uniformly most powerful property of the ANOVA methodology in the presence of Gaussian noise ensures the optimum suppression of the Gaussian noise background.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Numerical Investigation of Flow Fields in Inductively Coupled Plasma Wind Tunnels (2014)

Numerical simulations of 10 kW and 110 kW inductively coupled plasma (ICP) wind tunnels were carried out to study physical properties of the flow inside the ICP torch and vacuum chamber with air as the working gas. Two-dimensional compressible axisymmetric Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations that took into account 11 species and 49 chemical reactions of air, were solved. A heat source model was used to describe the heating phenomenon instead of solving the electromagnetic equations. In the vacuum chamber, a four-temperature model was coupled with N-S equations. Numerical results for the 10 kW ICP wind tunnel are presented and discussed in detail as a representative case. It was found that the plasma flow in the vacuum chamber tended to be in local thermochemical equilibrium. To study the influence of operation conditions on the flow field, simulations were carried out for different chamber pressures and/or input powers. The computational results for the above two ICP wind tunnels were compared with corresponding experimental data. The computational and experimental results agree well, therefore the flow fields of ICP wind tunnels can be clearly understood.
Direct and Dry Deposited Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Films Doped with MoO<sub><i>x</i></sub> as Electron-Blocking Transparent Electrodes for Flexible Organic Solar Cells (2015)

PSS. The single-walled carbon nanotube organic solar cell in this work shows a power conversion efficiency of 6.04%. This value is 83% of the leading ITO-based device performance (7.48%). Flexible application shows 3.91% efficiency and is capable of withstanding a severe cyclic flex test.
Microramp Flow Control of Normal Shock/Boundary-Layer Interactions (2010)

Boundary-layer bleed has conventionally been used to control separation due to shock wave/boundary-layer interactions within supersonic engine inlets. However, bleed systems result in a loss of captured mass flow, incurring higher drag and, ultimately, lower propulsion system efficiency. Microramp sub-boundary-layer vortex generators arranged in a spanwise array have been proposed in the past as a form of flow-control methodology for shock wave/ boundary-layer interactions. Experiments have been conducted herein at Mach 1.4 to characterize flow details of such devices and obtain quantitative measurements of their ability to control the interaction of a normal shock with a turbulent boundary layer. The flowfield was analyzed using schlieren photography, surface oil flow visualization, pressure-sensitive paint, and particle image velocimetry. An array of three microramps, for which the height was scaled to 36% of the incoming boundary-layer thickness, was placed ahead of the normal shock interaction. It was demonstrated that the microramps did entrain higher-momentum fluid into the boundary layer, which improved boundary-layer health. Specifically, the incompressible displacement thickness, momentum thickness, and shape factor were decreased, and the skin friction coefficient was increased, for the shock wave/boundary-layer interaction with the microramp array relative to the no-array case.
The efficacy and tolerability of enalapril in a formulation with a very low dose of hydrochlorothiazide in hypertensive patients resistent to enalapril monotherapy (1995)

The antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of formulations of enalapril and low (12.5 mg) and very low (6 mg) doses of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were compared with enalapril and placebo. Four hundred and two patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were treated with 20 mg enalapril for 8 weeks. Patients (n = 296) with persistent supine diastolic blood pressure > 95 mm Hg after enalapril monotherapy were randomized to receive enalapril/placebo (group I), 6 mg enalapril/HCTZ (group II), or 12.5 mg enalapril/HCTZ (group III) for another 8 weeks in a double-blind design. The mean reductions in blood pressure were significantly larger in groups II and III compared to group I, 7.3 (95% CI, -9.0; -6.2), 7.7 (-9.2;-6.3), and 4.1 (-5.9;-2.9) mm Hg, respectively P < .01 for groups II and III compared to group I). No difference in side effects was observed between the three groups. A very low dose of 6 mg HCTZ acts synergistically when given together with enalapril, but is devoid of adverse metabolic effects.
Educational multi-media in a networked society (1994)

Mice with a targeted truncation in the gene encoding tissue factor of blood coagulation (TF) to eliminate the cytosolic domain and carrying a neo(R) cassette in intron 5 unexpectedly displayed severe spontaneous thrombosis in various vascular beds. Thrombosis was observed in heterozygous TF(+/neo) mice, causing death of over 50% of adults within 36 weeks of birth, and fulminantly exacerbating in pregnant females. Homozygous TF(neo/neo) mice were more severely affected and died within 7 weeks after birth. These TF(neo) mice primarily synthesized a mutant mRNA aberrantly spliced from exon 5 to neo(R), encoding an apparently non-vesicle-binding soluble TF lacking both the transmembrane and cytosolic domain, but still capable of blood coagulation induction. This severe thrombotic phenotype associated with the presence of a non-anchored soluble TF variant underscores the recently recognized significance of circulating TF for thrombus formation and development.
Mutanome and expression of immune response genes in microsatellite stable colon cancer (2016)

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the mutanome in the prognosis of microsatellite stable stage II CRC tumors. The exome of 42 stage II, microsatellite stable, colon tumors (21 of them relapse) and their paired mucosa were sequenced and analyzed. Although some pathways accumulated more mutations in patients exhibiting good or poor prognosis, no single somatic mutation was associated with prognosis. Exome sequencing data is also valuable to infer tumor neoantigens able to elicit a host immune response. Hence, putative neoantigens were identified by combining information about missense mutations in each tumor and HLAs genotypes of the patients. Under the hypothesis that neoantigens should be correctly presented in order to activate the immune response, expression levels of genes involved in the antigen presentation machinery were also assessed. In addition, CD8A level (as a marker of T-cell infiltration) was measured. We found that tumors with better prognosis showed a tendency to generate a higher number of immunogenic epitopes, and up-regulated genes involved in the antigen processing machinery. Moreover, tumors with higher T-cell infiltration also showed better prognosis. Stratifying by consensus molecular subtype, CMS4 tumors showed the highest association of expression levels of genes involved in the antigen presentation machinery with prognosis. Thus, we hypothesize that a subset of stage II microsatellite stable CRC tumors are able to generate an immune response in the host via MHC class I antigen presentation, directly related with a better prognosis.
Place-Tags, discovering and promoting places through mobile phones and collaborative filtering (2010)

Abstract. This paper presents the design and implementation of a mobile application along with a web server for geo-tagging favorite and interesting places and sharing them with the community. The design and architecture shows some key aspects and issues concerning this kind of system. The mobile application is implemented in J2ME and tested on GPS enabled Nokia phones and the web server is implemented on cloud infrastructure implementation, the Google App Engine. The system was evaluated with real devices and a proof of concept was made that applications such as Place-Tags has its place in the mobile world.
Regulatory Elements in Vectors for Efficient Generation of Cell Lines Producing Target Proteins (2015)

To date, there has been an increasing number of drugs produced in mammalian cell cultures. In order to enhance the expression level and stability of target recombinant proteins in cell cultures, various regulatory elements with poorly studied mechanisms of action are used. In this review, we summarize and discuss the potential mechanisms of action of such regulatory elements.
Lactobacilli in milk used for commercial cheesemaking (1960)

Summary The numbers of lactobacilli, including pediococci and some leuconostocs, in raw and heat treated milks at twenty-six cheese factories in different parts of the country were determined over a period of 12 months, by plating on acetate agar. Counts in the raw milks varied from < 1 to > 100000/ml, but were usually within the range 100 to 10000/ml. Widely different times and temperatures of heat treatment were in use at the different creameries, some of which destroyed most of the lactobacilli present, whilst others had less effect. Post heat treatment re-infection of the milk in the vat with lactobacilli usually occurred.
Sonoelasticity imaging: Theory and experimental verification (1995)

Sonoelasticity is a rapidly evolving medical imaging technique for visualizing hard tumors in tissues. In this novel diagnostic technique, a low-frequency vibration is externally applied to excite internal vibrations within the tissue under inspection. A small stiff inhomogeneity in a surrounding tissue appears as a disturbance in the normal vibration eigenmode pattern. By employing a properly designed Doppler detection algorithm, a real-time vibration image can be made. A theory for vibrations, or shear wave propagation in inhomogeneous tissue has been developed. A tumor is modeled as an elastic inhomogeneity inside a lossy homogeneous elastic medium. A vibration source is applied at a boundary. The solutions for the shear wave equation have been found both for the cases with tumor (inhomogeneous case) and without tumor (homogeneous case). The solutions take into account varying parameters such as tumor size, tumor stiffness, shape of vibration source, lossy factor of the material, and vibration frequency. The problem of the lowest detectable change in stiffness is addressed using the theory, answering one of the most critical questions in this diagnostic technique. Some experiments were conducted to check the validity of the theory, and the results showed a good correspondence to the theoretical predictions. These studies provide basic understanding of the phenomena observed in the growing field of clinical Sonoelasticity imaging for tumor detection.
Modulation scheme suitable for infra-red biotelemetry (1985)

Telemetering physiological signals from hospital patients by time-sharing infra-red radiation of fixed wavelength means that the limited time available for encoding each data channel imposes constraints on modulation methods. Analogue and digital modulation methods are compared and an unconventional pulse code is proposed.
Gluconeogenesis in the kidney and liver slices of a lizard, <i>Uromastix hardwickii</i> (1967)

1. The liver and kidney of the lizard Uromastix hardwickii have much higher contents of carbohydrate than have been reported for the corresponding rat tissues. Most of this carbohydrate still remains in the tissue even after a long preincubation. 2. Kidney slices of this lizard release both glucose and other carbohydrates into the medium. Hence glucose release alone, as demonstrated for rats, cannot be used as a good criterion of gluconeogenesis in this lizard. Moreover, the results obtained by glucose release did not agree with those in which the total carbohydrate was estimated in the slice and medium. 3. l-Glutamate, l-aspartate, dl-valine, l-proline, l-cysteine, l-lactate and succinate stimulated gluconeogenesis in the kidney slices, whereas citrate, l-alanine, l-serine, glycine, l-arginine and l-leucine did not. In liver slices only l-glutamate increased gluconeogenesis. 4. New carbohydrate formation in the kidney and liver slices after incubation with various substrates indicated that gluconeogenesis as well as the amino acid metabolism in this animal may be somewhat different from that of mammals.
Consequences of urban pollution upon skin status. A controlled study in Shanghai area (2015)

This study demonstrated a significant impact of the pollution upon the skin status, as illustrated by changes in superficial biochemical parameters and volunteers' perception.
Efficient Training Data Reduction for SVM based Handwritten Digits Recognition (2007)

Support vector machine (SVM) are binary classifiers that make any two classes linearly separable by finding a maximum-margin hyper-plane between the data samples of the two classes in a given feature space. Once the discrimination function of this hyper-plane has been found during the training stage, any unknown sample can be classified by checking the sign of this discrimination function for the unknown sample. It is well understood in SVM theory that the equation of SVM discrimination function is largely determined by data points close to the decision boundary. These data points close to the decision boundary are called as support vectors (SV). SVM training process for large data sets is often a time consuming process. Hence reducing the original data to contain only the SVs is a useful goal for speeding up the training process. This reduction of training data should not affect the accuracy of SVM classifier. In this paper, we propose an efficient training data reduction algorithm (Peer-SV) for SVM classifiers. The algorithm is based on the observation that the desired support vectors are those data points which are of opposite classes and whose diametric sphere does not contain any other class instance of the two classes. We have found these SVs in an efficient way i.e. computing the SVs between the peer classes only and removing the farthest points earlier to retain the border points. The algorithm has been tested on handwritten digits data sets. The results obtained on the total data and on the reduced data shows the accuracy of the adopted approach.
Hepatocyte Fas-associating Death Domain Protein/Mediator of Receptor-induced Toxicity (FADD/MORT1) Levels Increase in Response to Pro-apoptotic Stimuli (2002)

We examined the regulation of Fas-associating death domain (FADD) protein as an important adaptor molecule in apoptosis signaling and hypothesized that the regulation of FADD could contribute to hepatocyte death. FADD/mediator of receptor-induced toxicity (MORT1) is required for activation of several signaling pathways of cell death. In this study we report the interesting and unexpected result that actinomycin D increased the expression of FADD protein, and we demonstrate that other cellular stresses like ultraviolet irradiation or heat shock could also increase FADD levels in hepatocytes. In cells treated with actinomycin D, FADD levels were elevated homogeneously in the cytoplasm. The increase in cytoplasmic FADD protein by actinomycin D or FADD overexpression alone both correlated with cell death, and specific antisense inhibition of FADD expression consistently diminished approximately 30% of the cell death induced by actinomycin D. These data indicate that FADD protein expression can increase rapidly in hepatocytes exposed to broadly cytotoxic agents.
ADS-B Authentication Compliant with Mode-S Extended Squitter Using PSK Modulation (2015)

This work proposes to use Differential 16 Phase-Shift Keying (D16PSK) modulation for embedding a digital signature within Mode-S Extended Squitter (ES) Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) messages. The purpose is to provide a security mechanism in order to protect systems against the injection of malicious Hazardously Misleading Information (HMI). The use of digital signatures for ADS-B has been previously analyzed in the literature. Our contribution and focus are devoted to the physical layer used to transmit such a signature. The proposed method generates ADS-B messages compliant with current standards, thus can be interpreted by current equipment. However, only a modified receiver shall be able to extract the embedded signature and authenticate the message. This work describes possible architectures for the ADS-B transmitting and receiving devices. An analysis of the expected maximum range and bit error rate for various PSK modulations is provided. In addition, the use of timestamps to protect against message replays is proposed and studied in the final part of the paper. In summary, this paper proposes a backward compatible way to secure the ADS-B system for the Mode-S ES data link, providing regulatory authorities with the means in case they opt for the use of digital signatures. The proposal is inspired from the idea behind the wireless security encryption method of Nagravision used in the Satellite TV broadcasting.
Feasibility of monitoring compliance to the My 5 Moments and Entry/Exit hand hygiene methods in US hospitals (2016)

We compared the ability to observe hand hygiene opportunities using the World Health Organization My 5 Moments method to the Entry/Exit method. Under covert direct observation, Entry/Exit method opportunities were observed at all times. My 5 Moments were observable in 32.3% of episodes, with a lower rate in wards versus intensive care units (28.0% vs 39.4%; P < .01). In US hospitals, the Entry/Exit method appears to be more feasible for directly observed hand hygiene compliance monitoring due to line-of-sight issues and other barriers.
Isolation of a zinc finger gene consistently deleted in DiGeorge syndrome (1993)

DiGeorge syndrome is a human developmental disorder resulting in hypoplasia of the thymus and parathyroids, and conotruncal heart defects. We recently isolated four genes with zinc finger DNA binding motifs mapping to chromosome 22q11.2 DiGeorge critical region. We now report that one of them, ZNF74 gene, is hemizygously deleted in 23 out of 24 DiGeorge syndrome patients tested. ZNF74 mRNA transcripts are detected in human and mouse embryos but not in adult tissues. Sequence analysis of a corresponding cDNA reveals an an open reading frame encoding 12 zinc finger motifs of the Kruppel/TFIIIA type as well as N-terminal and C-terminal non-zinc finger domains. These results suggest that changes in the dosage of a putative transcription factor through ZNF74 hemizygous deletion may be critical for DiGeorge developmental anomalies.
Acquiring grasp strategies for a multifingered robot hand using evolutionary algorithms (2017)

In recent years, significant research has been conducted on grasp planning for multifingered robot hands. These studies have focused on determining how to obtain suitable grasps from among an infinite number of candidate grasps. This domain's goal is a successful application to unknown environments through the adoption of the extracted grasps. Under difficult conditions, such as grasping a target object that is adjacent to other objects, manipulating robot hands by indicating grasping points has been insufficient. Instead, grasp strategies that construct movements using each finger's joint servo controls and robot hand movements should be used. In addition, it is necessary to automatically acquire various grasp strategies to apply to unknown environments. In this paper, we propose a method that automatically obtains grasp strategies using a real-coded genetic algorithm (RCGA), which is an evolutionary algorithm. This method derives grasp strategies by optimizing combinations and structures that consist of simple finger joint servo controls and robot hand movements. By applying our method to several objects on a simulator, we collected various grasp strategies capable of handling difficult conditions.
A time-optimal algorithm for guard zone problem (2007)

Given a simple polygon P, its guard zone G (of width r) is a closed region consisting of straight line segments and circular arcs (of radius r) bounding the polygon P such that there exists no pair of points p (on the boundary of P) and q (on the boundary of G) having their Euclidean distance d(p,q) less than r. In this paper we have designed a time-optimal sequential algorithm to solve the guard zone problem. Keywords: Guard zone problem, Minkowski sum, Convolution,