gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vague Correlation Coefficient of Interval Vague Sets (2012)

Various attempts have been made by researchers on the study of vagueness of data through intuitionistic fuzzy sets and vague sets, and also it was shown that vague sets are intuitionistic fuzzy sets. But there are algebraic and graphical differences between vague sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets. In this paper an attempt is made to define the correlation coefficient of interval vague sets lying in the interval [0, 1], and a new method for computing the correlation coefficient of interval vague sets lying in the interval [-1, 1] using a-cuts over the vague degrees through statistical confidence intervals is presented by an example. The new method proposed in this paper produces a correlation coefficient in the form of an interval.
A monolithic, charge-balancing successive-approximation A/D technique (1979)

A modified <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2^{N} ċ R</tex> (potentiometric) A/D approach which reduces die area (fewer resistors are required), inherently allows a bipolar input with a single polarity reference, and permits linearity adjustment at wafer sort via a laser programmed ROM, will be presented.
RAFT‐Based Synthesis and Characterization of ABC versus ACB Triblock Copolymers Containing <i>tert</i>‐Butyl Acrylate, Isoprene, and Styrene Blocks (2007)

Abstract The syntheses of the ABC and ACB triblock copolymer topological isomers poly( tert ‐butyl acrylate)‐ block ‐polyisoprene‐ block ‐polystyrene (ABC) and poly( tert ‐butyl acrylate)‐ block ‐polystyrene‐ block ‐polyisoprene (ACB) using the RAFT‐controlled radical polymerization method are described. The triblock copolymers were isolated with molecular weights on the order of 20 000 Da and molecular weight distributions of 1.3–1.5. The polymers described herein demonstrated thermal decompositions at 200 °C, characteristic of tert ‐butyl esters, and their structure and composition were confirmed by a combination of infrared, 1 H, and 13 C NMR spectroscopies. magnified image
Does clinical response correlate with mucosal healing in patients with Crohnʼs disease of the small bowel? A prospective, case-series study using wireless capsule endoscopy (2008)

There are no studies assessing mucosal healing of the small bowel in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Our aim was to assess the correlation between clinical response and mucosal healing of the small bowel using wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE).
The Broad Bean Gene VfNOD32 Encodes a Nodulin with Sequence Similarities to Chitinases That Is Homologous to ([alpha]/[beta])8-Barrel-Type Seed Proteins (1996)

Nodulin gene transcripts isolated from a broad bean (Vicia faba L.) root nodule cDNA library and designated VfNOD32 are detectable in the nitrogen-fixing zone III of nodules and in much smaller amounts in flowers. In nodules, these transcripts are detectable for the first time 7 d after inoculation, at least 1 d before leghemoglobin gene transcription starts. Two putative full-length cDNAs representing different transcript sequences of 92.5% identity were sequenced. The corresponding broad bean genes were termed VfNOD32-A1 and VfNOD32-A2, and the encoded proteins were termed Nvf32-A1 and Nvf32-A2. The derived amino acid sequences of the Nvf32 proteins are highly homologous to the Vicia narbonensis (alpha/beta)8-barrel seed protein narbonin. Considering this homology, Nvf32 is assumed to have a similar structure consisting of beta-sheets forming a central barrel surrounded by alpha-helices. The two Nvf32 sequences also contain two conserved amino acid motifs that are characteristic of class-III chitinases. Several amino acids demonstrated to be essential for chitinase activity are conserved in both regions, whereas one essential glutamic acid was changed to glycine in the Nvf32-A1 isoform but not in the Nvf32-A2 isoform.
Optimization of an electrolyte conductivity detector for measuring low ion concentrations (2002)

The optimization process of a planar interdigitated conductivity detector for measuring very low electrolyte concentrations for use in a lab-on-chip gas detection system is described. An electrical equivalent of the sensor is given, which includes the double layer capacitance dependency on the electrolyte concentration, resulting in a better description of the impedance of the sensor. The cell constant of the sensor is minimized to reduce the cell resistance in low specific conductivity solutions under the restriction of a small electrode area (> or = 0.1 cm(2)) for fast measurement, prescribed by the ammonia detection system. The small size makes it suitable for integration in micro channels. The developed sensor has a cell constant of 7.9 m(-1) resulting in a maximum resistance for deionized water of 177 k Omega at a frequency of 1 kHz.
Bandwidth allocation in ATM networks that guarantee multiple QOS requirements (2002)

Because almost all existing schemes for connection admission control (CAC) in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks ignore variances of quality of service (QOS) being received by individual connection types multiplexed on the same link, as well as differences in QOS required by those connection types, they are in danger of failing to satisfy some individual QOS requirements. A CAC scheme is proposed, based on allocating to each individual connection virtual bandwidths that are predetermined so that QOS for each connection type will be kept within its allowable limit.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design Framework for Partial Run-Time FPGA Reconfiguration. (2008)

Partial reconfiguration (PR) reveals many opportunities for integration into FPGA design for potential system optimizations such as reduced area, increased performance, and increased functionality. Even though recent advances in Xilinx’s Virtex-4 and Virtex-5 FPGA devices and design tools significantly improve the practicality of incorporating PR, unfortunately, system designers largely lack sufficient guidance to design these systems. Efficient system design exploration and extensive manual floorplanning is required to fully enhance the capabilities of a system and/or optimize metrics such as power consumption, device quantity and size, designer productivity, and design re-use. To fully leverage PR, system designers must acquire a strong knowledge of the PR design flow as well as the low-level architectural details of their target device. In this paper, we propose design methodologies to assist designers in efficient PR system design and define frameworks to enable rapid system prototyping, enabling designers to harness the capabilities of PR without having to deal with many of the intricate details. Furthermore, we identify new opportunities for optimization, which are only made possible with the tile-based layout of the Virtex-4 and Virtex-5 FPGAs. 1.
Linear Performance Indices to Predict Oscillatory Stability Problems in Power Systems (2004)

Various indices are proposed and studied to detect and predict oscillatory instabilities associated with Hopf bifurcations (HBs) in power systems. A methodology is also presented to produce a linear profile for these indices. They are based on eigenvalue and singular values of the state and extended system matrices. Their application to several test power systems is presented to demonstrate their usefulness, particularly for online applications.
Bright Field Microscopy as an Alternative to Whole Cell Fluorescence in Automated Analysis of Macrophage Images (2009)

The proposed approach frees up a fluorescence channel, which can be used for subcellular studies. It also facilitates cell shape measurement in experiments where whole cell fluorescent staining is either not available, or is dependent on a particular experimental condition. We show that whole cell area detection results using our projected bright field images match closely to the standard approach where cell areas are localized using fluorescence, and conclude that the high contrast bright field projection image can directly replace one fluorescent channel in whole cell quantification. Matlab code for calculating the projections can be downloaded from the supplementary site: http://sites.google.com/site/brightfieldorstaining.
High-turnover visible-light photoreduction of CO<sub>2</sub> by a Re(<scp>i</scp>) complex stabilized on dye-sensitized TiO<sub>2</sub> (2014)

Hybrid systems prepared by fixing a Re(i) complex and a dye on three types of TiO2 nanoparticles in two different ways commonly revealed persistent photocatalysis of the CO2 reduction to CO with no levelling-off tendency under visible-light irradiation in DMF, giving a turnover number of ≥435.
Opioids and Viral Infections: A Double-Edged Sword (2016)

Opioids and their receptors have received remarkable attention because they have the ability to alter immune function, which affects disease progression. In vitro and in vivo findings as well as observations in humans indicate that opioids and their receptors positively or negatively affect viral replication and virus-mediated pathology. The present study reviews recent insights in the role of opioids and their receptors in viral infections and discusses possible therapeutic opportunities. This review supports the emerging concept that opioids and their receptors have both favorable and unfavorable effects on viral disease, depending on the type of virus. Targeting of the opioid system is a potential option for developing effective therapies; however caution is required in relation to the beneficial functions of opioid systems.
공정여행, 방문객과 지역주민의 상생의 길 (2010)

Unfair relation between two parties raised serious questions on the sustainability of given system such as producer in the third world and buyers from the developed countries in overseas trade. Same analogy is applied to the tourism situation, where unfair host and guest relation has been keenly attended since the mass tourism era. This study is design to recover the host and guest relationship and suggested the fair travel as an effective way to win-win situation. First step is to define the fair travel and its recent development, reviewing similar type of tourism such as responsible tourism, sustainable tourism and eco tourism etc. Observing the previous studies, fair travel should contain the concept of sustainability of related parties in tourism scene, which yields a sustainable 3E`s(economy, environment, equity) of host, guest and travel company. For the sustainable fair tourism findings said that community business for host, volunteering and pro bono of guest and social venture of travel company.
Oral Vaccine Models: Multiple Delivery Systems Employing Tetanus Toxoida (1994)

We have not yet directly examined the Th cell responses induced by using Salmonella/BRD 847 as a vector nor have we performed these experiments following immunization with microspheres. However, production of high serum levels of antigen-specific IgG1 may be indicative of a Th2-type response, whereas high serum levels of IgG2a may reflect a Th1-type response. An important issue in using various oral delivery systems is whether the system(s) employed affects the Th cell response to the same antigen. We therefore analyzed the serum antigen-specific IgG subclasses induced in each of the model systems we studied. Table 2 presents these results. Clearly, oral administration of soluble TT with CT as an adjuvant induced an IgG1 subclass, and encapsulation of TT within microspheres had no effect on this Th2-type response. On the other hand, oral immunization with live Salmonella expressing fragment C of tetanus toxin induced a strong IgG2a subclass response indicative of a Th1-type response. It should be noted that protection against a lethal TT challenge was afforded by elevated levels of both anti-TT IgG1 and IgG2a subclasses. We intend to examine the cytokine profiles in spleen CD4+ T cells from mice immunized with microspheres or Salmonella following in vitro antigen stimulation to confirm the T helper type responses suggested by the IgG subclass data. It will also be important to examine the cytokine patterns induced in Peyer's patch CD4+ T cells following immunization of C57BL/6 with Salmonella/BRD 847. Whereas analysis of the serum IgG subclass profile indicated a strong IgG2a response and thus a systemic Th1-type pattern, this vector also induced a good mucosal IgA response. If our current hypothesis concerning S-IgA production is correct, we would expect a predominant Th2-type profile in CD4+ T cells from Peyer's patch in these mice. Such a result would emphasize the bifurcation of T-cell responses in the systemic versus the mucosal immune environments. The data obtained to data suggest that adjuvants and various vehicle delivery systems may influence the induction of distinct T helper cell subsets to a specific antigen. The unique cytokine arrays produced by these T-cell subsets influence the immune responses in terms of systemic Ig subclasses produced, cell-mediated immune responses, and the production of mucosal S-IgA antibodies. Although additional studies are necessary, the manipulation of T-cell subsets employing adjuvants, antigen packaging, or perhaps even the addition of individual cytokines to various formulations holds significant promise for optimizing immune responses to orally administered vaccines.
Indirect Energy Gap in GaSe and GaS (1969)

Abstract Optical absorption measurements on thick monocrystalline samples of GaSe 1− x S x show that in these mixed crystals the lowest energy gap is indirect in the complete range 0 ≦ x ≦ 1. These results are contrary to earlier reports which indicate that GaSe is a direct gap semiconductor. In the case of GaS the absorption spectra allow a tentative identification of the phonons involved in the indirect transition.
Anodic oxidation of p-aminodiphenylamine: an electron paramagnetic resonance and electrochemical study (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnodic oxidation of p-aminodiphenylamine: an electron paramagnetic resonance and electrochemical studyRoxanne Male and Robert D. AllendoerferCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 22, 6237–6240Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100333a014https://doi.org/10.1021/j100333a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Design of an on‐glass vehicle antenna using a multiloop structure (2009)

Abstract We propose a novel on‐glass antenna with a multiloop structure for FM radio reception in a recreational vehicle (RV). The proposed antenna consists of multiple loops that are printed on a quarter glass with copper striplines. In spite of its simple planar structure, the antenna provides a broad matching bandwidth and a high vertical radiation gain. Antenna performances such as the return loss and boresight gain were measured after the antenna was installed in a commercial RV. The proposed on‐glass antenna exhibits an average gain of about −9.5 dBi with a deviation of <4 dB compared with the gain of a conventional λ/4 roof‐mounted monopole. Transparency of the antenna body was also improved by adjusting the stripline widths based on the induced current distribution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 107–110, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24836
Psychological crisis intervention for the family members of patients in a vegetative state (2012)

The results of this study indicate that the four-step intervention method effectively improves the mental health of the family members who received this treatment and lessens the psychological symptoms of somatization, obsessive-compulsive behavior, depression and anxiety.
The atomic structure of two intermetallic compounds (1923)

The two intermetallic compounds Mg2Si and AlSb have been examined by the X-ray spectrometer with the following results: -
Inhibition of Polyprotein Processing and RNA Replication of Human Rhinovirus by Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Involves Metal Ions (2005)

Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is an antiviral compound that was shown to inhibit the replication of human rhinoviruses (HRVs), poliovirus, and influenza virus. To elucidate the mechanism of PDTC, the effects on the individual steps of the infection cycle of HRV were investigated. PDTC did not interfere with receptor binding or internalization by receptor mediated endocytosis of HRV2 particles into HeLa cells. But we demonstrate that the processing of the viral polyprotein was prevented by PDTC treatment in HeLa cells infected with HRV2. Furthermore, PDTC inhibited the replication of the viral RNA, even when added four hours post infection. As PDTC is described as a metal ion binding agent, we investigated the effect of other metal chelators on the multiplication of HRV2. We show that EDTA, omicron-phenanthroline, and bathocuproine disulfonic acid do not exhibit any antiviral properties. Surprisingly, these substances, coadministered with PDTC, abolished the antiviral effect of PDTC, suggesting that metal ions play a pivotal role in the inhibition of virus multiplication. These results suggest that PDTC inhibits the activity of the viral proteases in a metal ion dependent way.
Epidermin: sequencing of a heterodet tetracyclic 21‐peptide amide antibiotic (1986)

Epidermin is a large peptide antibiotic, which is synthesized in the ribosome via a precursor protein, followed by enzymatic modifications. It was isolated from the culture filtrate of Staphylococcus epidermidis Tü 3298 by adsorption on Amberlite XAD-8. The basic heneicosapeptide amide was chromatographed on Sephadex LH-20 and purified to homogeneity via multiplicative counter-current distributions in one acidic and one neutral system. Tryptic digestion gave the soluble N-terminal fragment epidermin-(1-13)-peptide (P1) and the insoluble C-terminal fragment 2-oxobutyryl-epidermin-(15-21)-peptide amide (P2), each possessing two sulfide ring systems. The heterodetic rings consisted of meso-lanthionine and (2S,3S, 6R)-3-methyllanthionine (P1), meso-lanthionine and C-terminally the new amino acid S-(2-aminovinyl)-D-cysteine (P2). The complex sequence was elucidated via a combination of desulfurization with Raney nickel, enzymatic and acidolytic degradations, gas-phase sequencing, fast-atom bombardment and field-desorption mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy.
Comparative Measurement of Mesiodistal Width of Six Anterior Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth in Rajasthan Population (2012)

The purpose of the study was to determine the mesiodistal width of six anterior teeth for better esthetics and good tooth arrangement in a cross section of Rajasthan population. The mesiodistal dimension of central, lateral incisor and canine on right and left sides was measured in 250 males and 250 females, these readings were used to determine the mean, minimum and maximum maxillary/mandibular teeth 'anterior ratio', difference in mesiodistal width, combined mean mesiodistal width, the number and percent of similar teeth of maxilla and mandible. It was observed from the present study that there is variation in mesiodistal width in right and left sides signifying that the anterior teeth are not mirror images of one another. Male subjects have greater mesiodistal width than female subjects and right side dominates in most of the readings indicating that mesiodistal width is greater on right side than on left side. Percentage variability and sexual dimorphism are also important findings of this study. This study can prove helpful in replacement of artificial teeth of prosthesis in this cross section of population.
Pharmacokinetics and drug interactions: update for new antipsychotics. (1996)

Advances in our understanding of schizophrenia have led to a new generation of antipsychotic agents. These medications not only demonstrate reduced extrapyramidal symptoms but also possess pharmacologic profiles that can be especially advantageous in treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The pharmacokinetics of many of the newer agents are compared and contrasted with typical neuroleptics. Changes in the pharmacokinetics and dosage of the newer agents are also reviewed. A particular emphasis is placed on the metabolism of the newer agents and their potential for drug-drug pharmacokinetic interactions. Clozapine, the archetypal atypical agent, has a complex pharmacokinetic profile with extremely large interpatient variability and many well-documented drug-drug interactions. Thus, clozapine presents special challenges in dose optimization and requires vigilant clinical monitoring for cardiovascular, neurologic, and hematologic adverse effects. Olanzapine demonstrates a very low potential for drug-drug interactions; it requires extremely high inhibitory concentrations at cytrochrome P450 (CYP) systems, typically 30-fold above the usual concentrations observed at steady-state oral high-dose therapy. The metabolic pathways of olanzapine include N-glucuronidation, reducing its overall sensitivity to drugs that might induce or inhibit its own metabolism via CYP or flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) systems. Plasma olanzapine concentrations at steady state typically demonstrate only a fourfold to fivefold variability among patients at a standard dose of medications. Sertindole and risperidone demonstrate polymorphic metabolism characteristics mirroring the CYP 2D6 phenotype. The inhibitory potentials of sertindole at CYP 2D6 and CYP 3A are modest and not likely to be of clinical significance. However, in those patients taking CYP 2D6 inhibitors or in those who are genotypic poor metabolizers, concentrations achieved by sertindole and its metabolites might result in moderate inhibition of CYP 3A.