gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introduction (2008)

This book has been designed to provide analyses of key aspects of the British experience of the ‘war on terror’, as declared by the US Bush Administration shortly after the 11 September 2001 (9/11) terrorist attacks on the United States. In the wake of 9/11 the United Kingdom stood, to use American terminology, ‘front and centre’ with the United States in its war to remove the Taliban from power in Afghanistan, a war for which there was broad international support, and in its war to remove Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq, a war for which there was not. Domestically the United Kingdom ramped up its counter-terror legislation and focussed resources on the police and security services. Nevertheless, by 2005 the United Kingdom had experienced suicide bombings in London, which killed fifty-two, while the number of Islamist plots that were being detected and frustrated had mushroomed.
MicroRNA Cluster 221-222 and Estrogen Receptor α Interactions in Breast Cancer (2010)

These findings suggest that the negative regulatory loop involving miR-221-222 and ERalpha may confer proliferative advantage and migratory activity to breast cancer cells and promote the transition from ER-positive to ER-negative tumors.
Supportive Bioinformatics and Comparative Genomics for Diagnostic DNAchip Development (2005)

The DNA-chip, especially oligonucleotide chip, has potential to be a very useful tool in rapid and accurate diagnosis of bacterial infection by genotyping of bacterial species. Identification of proper nucleotide sequences for genotyping is essential for development of successful diagnostic DNA-chip. However the process to identify proper sequences is laborious and error-prone work. So we developed a web-based tool for design of universal, genus-specific, and species-specific primers and probes for diagnostic DNAchip (oligo-chip).
COUPLER CENTERING DEVICES (1965)

The geometry of the long cars, and the long couplers they must be equipped with, is such that there is almost as much possibility of a miscoupling as for a successful coupling. A possible solution for this problem is a coupler centering device which would automatically position the coupler head over, or sufficiently close to, the center line of track to assure successful coupling. The most difficult application of this principle occurs with cushion underframe cars. The floating still complicates the connection between the truck and the coupler. The whole design is predicted on the fact that the only time there is a need to center and coupler is when the car is uncoupled; when coupled, it is being centered by the other car. The problem of centering couplers is getting to the point where some kind of either a manual or a fully automatic mechanism will be necessary.
Application of an electronic tongue towards the analysis of brandies (2012)

This work reports the application of a voltammetric Electronic Tongue (ET) in the analysis of brandies, specifically in their classification according to the scores given by a skilled sensory panel and in the discrimination of different ageing methods. For this purpose, spirits were analyzed with no other pretreatment than their dilution with a saline solution to ensure enough conductivity. Recorded voltammetric signals produced by an array of six modified epoxy-composite sensors were preprocessed employing Fast Fourier Transform in order to reduce the complexity of the input signals while preserving the relevant information. Then, using the obtained coefficients, responses were evaluated using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) as the pattern recognition model used to carry out the classification tasks. In both cases, good prediction ability was attained by the ET (classification rates of 100% and 97%, respectively), therefore permitting the correct classification of the different samples under study. Furthermore, two Artificial Neural Network models were also trained for the semi-quantitative identification of some undesired compound markers of some brandy defects above certain levels (namely butan-2-ol, ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde and butan-1-ol; r > 0.975) and the quantification of polyphenol index I280 (r = 0.977).
Leveraging Linguistic Structure For Open Domain Information Extraction (2015)

Gabor Angeli, Melvin Jose Johnson Premkumar, Christopher D. Manning. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2015.
Chemically Induced Step Edge Diffusion Barriers: Dendritic Growth in 2D Alloys (1996)

To investigate the effects of multiple film components on the morphology of thin films, the growth of Co and Ag on Ru(0001) has been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. Two types of growth have been identified. In the first, the Co from the vapor phase is directly incorporated into existing Ag islands. In the second, islands composed of a Co-Ag mixture are formed by etching of the existing pure Ag islands. These two mechanisms, which occur simultaneously, lead to dramatically different morphologies. In the second case, dendritic growth of the alloy is found despite the fact that neither of the component metals alone exhibit this behavior. We attribute the dendritic growth to chemically induced step edge diffusion barriers which must generally exist in multicomponent film growth.
Collision and the Airlines (1958)

Statistics reveal that the vast majority of mid-air collisions in the past years have occurred during daytime under visual meteorological conditions in the vicinity of airports and at low altitudes. From the description of possible proximity warning or collision avoidance systems it follows that it is just this type of collision that causes technically the greatest difficulties for an operationally and economically feasible solution because of the multiple intruder problem, mutual interference, ground echoes, curved flight paths, and changes in aircraft attitude with resulting changes in aircraft speed. Under these conditions, the automatic pilot, the general introduction of which (for transport aircraft) has been recommended in the interest of collision avoidance, would be only of minor importance as it is common practice to switch off the automatic pilot whilst flying in the aerodrome traffic pattern.
Apatite Fission-Track Analysis (2005)

Research Article| January 01, 2005 Apatite Fission-Track Analysis Raymond A. Donelick; Raymond A. Donelick Apatite to Zircon, Inc., 1075 Matson Road, Viola, Idaho 83872-9709, U.S.A., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557-0138, U.S.A., donelick@apatite.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Paul B. O’Sullivan; Paul B. O’Sullivan Apatite to Zircon, Inc., 1075 Matson Road, Viola, Idaho 83872-9709, U.S.A., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3022, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Richard A. Ketcham Richard A. Ketcham Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas, 78712-0254, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Raymond A. Donelick Apatite to Zircon, Inc., 1075 Matson Road, Viola, Idaho 83872-9709, U.S.A., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557-0138, U.S.A., donelick@apatite.com Paul B. O’Sullivan Apatite to Zircon, Inc., 1075 Matson Road, Viola, Idaho 83872-9709, U.S.A., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3022, U.S.A. Richard A. Ketcham Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas, 78712-0254, U.S.A. Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America First Online: 03 Mar 2017 © The Mineralogical Society Of America Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (2005) 58 (1): 49–94. https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2005.58.3 Article history First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Raymond A. Donelick, Paul B. O’Sullivan, Richard A. Ketcham; Apatite Fission-Track Analysis. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 2005;; 58 (1): 49–94. doi: https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2005.58.3 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyReviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry Search Advanced Search Apatite fission-track (AFT) analysis has been widely used during the past 30+ years to constrain the low-temperature thermal histories of many igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks in a wide range of geological settings. Applicable geological settings include orogenic belts, rifted margins, faults, sedimentary basins, cratons, and mineral deposits. The types of geologic problems that can be addressed include the timing and rates of tectonic events, sedimentary basin evolution, the timing of hydrocarbon generation and ore mineralization, the absolute age of volcanic deposits, the effects of major climatic changes on the near-surface geothermal gradient, and long-term landscape evolution. Early work by... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Velocity dispersion due to anelasticity; implications for seismology and mantle composition (1976)

The concept of a relaxation spectrum is used to compute the absorption and dispersion of a linear anelastic solid. The Boltzmann after-effect equation is solved for a solid having a linear relationship between stress and strain and their first time derivatives, the ‘standard linear solid’, and having a distribution of relaxation times. The distribution function is chosen to give a nearly constant Q over the seismic frequency range. Both discrete and continuous relaxation spectra are considered. The resulting linear solid has a broad absorption band which can be interpreted in terms of a superposition of absorption peaks of individual relaxation mechanisms. \n\nThe accompanying phase and group velocity dispersion imply that one cannot directly compare body wave, surface wave, and free oscillation data or laboratory and seismic data without correcting for absorption. The necessary formalism for making these corrections is given. In the constant Q regions the correction is the same as that implied in the theories of Futterman, Lomnitz, Strick and Kolsky.
The importance of slime: does living in a community matrix save algal cells from the toxic effects of copper? (2007)

Microscopic algae are often used to assess the toxic effects of chemicals to the environment. They are good indicators of ecosystem health because they form the basis of the aquatic food chain and many algal species are sensitive to metals, like copper, at concentrations which occur naturally in the environment. Most toxicity tests with algae use planktonic species, that is, alga that live in the water as free-living species. To date, little research has been done on the toxicity of metals to attached algal species living in a community matrix known as biofilms, because of the difficulties in quantifying changes in such a complex community.
Iatrogenic Immunization with Bovine Thrombin: A Mechanism for Prolonged Thrombin Times after Surgery (1989)

Unexplained very-prolonged thrombin times (greater than 300 s) were found in plasma from four patients. Other coagulation variables were normal, and there was no history of coagulopathy. Mixing studies suggested the presence of thrombin inhibitors in patient plasma. Substitution of human thrombin for bovine thrombin in performing the thrombin time test resulted in normal clotting times, indicating that the inhibitory activity was directed primarily against bovine thrombin. Each patient had been treated with topical bovine thrombin during previous surgery. In the one patient with a preoperative thrombin time, the initial value was normal and prolongation began 16 days after surgery. An enzyme-linked immunoassay showed elevated levels of IgM or IgG antibodies to bovine thrombin in each patient tested. Affinity-purified antibodies to bovine thrombin from patient serum prolonged the thrombin time of normal plasma. These results suggest that iatrogenic immunization by intraoperative exposure to bovine thrombin is responsible for antibodies to bovine thrombin, which accounts for the prolonged thrombin times found in some patients after surgery.
Simultaneous MRI and PET imaging of a rat brain (2006)

Multi-modality imaging is rapidly becoming a valuable tool in the diagnosis of disease and in the development of new drugs. Functional images produced with PET fused with anatomical structure images created by MRI will allow the correlation of form with function. Our group is developing a system to acquire MRI and PET images contemporaneously. The prototype device consists of two opposed detector heads, operating in coincidence mode. Each MRI-PET detector module consists of an array of LSO detector elements coupled through a long fibre optic light guide to a single Hamamatsu flat panel position-sensitive photomultiplier tube (PSPMT). The use of light guides allows the PSPMTs to be positioned outside the bore of a 3T MRI scanner where the magnetic field is relatively small. To test the device, simultaneous MRI and PET images of the brain of a male Sprague Dawley rat injected with FDG were successfully obtained. The images revealed no noticeable artefacts in either image set. Future work includes the construction of a full ring PET scanner, improved light guides and construction of a specialized MRI coil to permit higher quality MRI imaging.
Detection of induced β‐galactosidase activity in individual non‐culturable cells of pathogenic bacteria by quantitative cytological assay (1995)

One Escherichia coli and two F' lac+ Salmonella strains were carbon and nitrogen stressed at 37 degrees C over 35 days in the presence or absence of chloramphenicol; the number, activity and culturability of cells in the resultant populations were studied. Active cells were enumerated by fluorescence microscopy after treatment with the lac inducer IPTG and cytological assay for beta-galactosidase. In all experiments, active and total cell counts remained within a three-fold range of each other and their initial values, while culturability fell by > 10(8)-fold and 10(3)-fold in chloramphenicol-treated and untreated preparations, respectively. Quantitative image analysis revealed different distributions of cell-specific fluorescence and indicated a progressive decline in the levels of induced enzyme activity in both E. coli and Salmonella enteritidis. It was concluded that the non-culturable cells studied retained inducible enzyme activity and that this activity did not result from a starvation-induced programme of gene expression. Whether or not such active but non-culturable cells are viable, they are clearly responsive and have the potential to influence their environment. The assay described can be applied to heterogeneous populations and environments and shows considerable potential for the study of gene expression at the single cell level.
A dynamic approach to nominal trajectory synthesis for redundant manipulators (1984)

The solution to the inverse manipulation problem for redundant manipulators has mostly been considered from a geometric-kinematic standpoint. A procedure for the inverse problem solution using the dynamic model of the manipulator and its actuators is developed. Nominal trajectories in the space of joint coordinates are generated so as to be optimal with respect to total energy consumption of the actuators (hydraulic or electric). The treatment of constraints on joint coordinates and rates is also involved in the procedure. The algorithm is illustrated by two industrial robots.
Genetic characterization of Erve virus, a European Nairovirus distantly related to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (2012)

Erve virus (ERVEV) is a European Nairovirus that is suspected to cause severe headache (thunderclap headache) and intracerebral hemorrhage. The mode of transmission to humans (ticks or mosquitoes) is still unknown. Currently, no standardized testing method for ERVEV exists and only a small partial sequence of the polymerase gene is available. Here, we present the first complete genome sequence of ERVEV S, M, and L segments. Phylogenetic comparison of the amino acid sequence of the L-protein (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) revealed only 48 % homology to available L-protein sequences of other Nairoviruses like Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Nairobi sheep disease virus, Hazara virus, Kupe virus, and Dugbe virus. Among themselves, these Nairoviruses show 62-89 % homology in the L-protein sequences. Therefore, ERVEV seems to be only distantly related to other Nairoviruses. The new sequence data can be used for the development of diagnostic methods and the identification of the natural vector.
Characterization of Proliferin-Related Protein (1988)

Proliferin-related protein (mPRP) is a member of the PRL/GH family in the mouse. We have generated an antiserum against mPRP expressed as a bacterial fusion protein; this antiserum detects mPRP in the conditioned media of placental tissue cultures as a heterogeneous population of glycoproteins. We have also expressed mPRP in mammalian tissue culture cells and purified the secreted protein. N-terminal sequence analysis of the purified protein reveals that it is secreted as a 214 amino acid protein after removal of a 30 amino acid signal polypeptide. An antiserum raised against the purified protein detects high levels of mPRP in maternal serum during gestation. The site of synthesis of this protein has been localized by in situ hybridization to the basal zone of the day-10 mouse placenta, which is distinct from the site of synthesis of other placental proteins in this family.
Interaction of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 (NCS-1) with Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase β Stimulates Lipid Kinase Activity and Affects Membrane Trafficking in COS-7 Cells (2001)

Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases (PI4K) catalyze the first step in the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, an important lipid regulator of several cellular functions. Here we show that the Ca(2+)-binding protein, neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1), can physically associate with the type III PI4Kbeta with functional consequences affecting the kinase. Recombinant PI4Kbeta, but not its glutathione S-transferase-fused form, showed enhanced PI kinase activity when incubated with recombinant NCS-1, but only if the latter was myristoylated. Similarly, in vitro translated NCS-1, but not its myristoylation-defective mutant, was found associated with recombinant- or in vitro translated PI4Kbeta in PI4Kbeta-immunoprecipitates. When expressed in COS-7 cells, PI4Kbeta and NCS-1 formed a complex that could be immunoprecipitated with antibodies against either proteins, and PI 4-kinase activity was present in anti-NCS-1 immunoprecipitates. Expressed NCS-1-YFP showed co-localization with endogenous PI4Kbeta primarily in the Golgi, but it was also present in the walls of numerous large perinuclear vesicles. Co-expression of a catalytically inactive PI4Kbeta inhibited the development of this vesicular phenotype. Transfection of PI4Kbeta and NCS-1 had no effect on basal PIP synthesis in permeabilized COS-7 cells, but it increased the wortmannin-sensitive [(32)P]phosphate incorporation into phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate during Ca(2+)-induced phospholipase C activation. These results together indicate that NCS-1 is able to interact with PI4Kbeta also in mammalian cells and may play a role in the regulation of this enzyme in specific cellular compartments affecting vesicular trafficking.
Electrochromic and optical waveguide studies of corona-poled electro-optic polymer films (1990)

Real-time monitoring of the corona-poling process that is used to create a bulk second-order nonlinear-optical susceptibility was accomplished by observing electrochromic shifts and intensity decreases of charge-transfer absorption bands in both dye-doped and covalently functionalized polymer films. By measuring small changes in the refractive-index anisotropy, the optical waveguiding technique was demonstrated to be a sensitive measure of the poling-induced order and its relaxation. The guest–host systems were formed from the dyes N,N-dimethylaminonitrostilbene, N,N-dimethylindoaniline (Phenol Blue), and 4-(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-ethyl)-amino-4′-nitroazobenzene (Disperse Red 1), each dissolved in a poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix. The covalently functionalized polymers contained pendant para-nitroaniline (PNA) moieties. The first, poly(N-(4-nitrophenyl)allylamine), was formed from a poly(allylamine) derivative and is called PPNA. The second was based on poly(hydroxystyrene), with PNA attachment occurring between the phenol group and the PNA hydroxyethyl group; this polymer is named PHS-MENA. The final polymer is a linear epoxy (bisphenol A) with the PNA amino N atoms forming a link in the main chain; it is called Bis A-NA. A sample calculation demonstrated the use of experimental electrochromic spectral data to estimate the electro-optic coefficients.
Integrating Mobile Devices into Semantic Services Environments (2008)

This paper addresses mobile service provisioning in a mobile supported sensor network. The challenges of secure service provisioning in such a network is tackled through a two-layer approach, using the encryption on the radio layer and policies for device capabilities and service access. This paper suggests the mobile phone acting as control centre for the sensors. The implementation is based on a distributed semantic service repository, allowing the mobile services to become part of a semantic service composition. The semantic policy server connects the device capabilities, the user preferences and the service functionality. The papers provides the functional architecture and implementations of key elements of this architecture.
Root repair review: Basic science background and clinical outcome (2008)

Spinal nerve root injuries have a profound effect on the different parts (PNS and CNS) of the root itself as well as the pertinent spinal cord segment. A root avulsion from the spinal cord is a longitudinal spinal cord injury. There is degeneration of sensory and motor axons, loss of synapses, deterioration of local segmental connections, nerve cell death and reactions among non neuronal cells with scar formation, i.e. a cascade of events similar to those known to occur in any injury to the spinal cord. For function to be restored, nerve cells must survive and there must be regrowth of new nerve fibres along a trajectory consisting of CNS growth-inhibitory tissue in the spinal cord as well as PNS growth-promoting tissue in nerves. Problems in PNS regeneration such as non directional growths and unspecific reinnervation of target organs lead to unpredictable sensorimotor activity and conspires against a useful recovery of function. From the results of basic science experiments, a surgical strategy to treat root avulsion with spinal cord injury has been developed. In humans this technique is currently the most promising treatment of any spinal cord injury, with return of useful function together with pain alleviation in cases where all nerves to the extremity have been avulsed from the spinal cord. At present the shortcomings of this technique are proportionate to the delay before surgery, which leads to death of nerve cells and incomplete and unpredictable recovery. In order to improve this situation and achieve further recovery of useful function including sensory perceptions and to fully alleviate pain it is necessary to pursue research and development of both basic and clinical science.