gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct in Vivo Electrochemical Detection of Resting Dopamine Using Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/Carbon Nanotube Functionalized Microelectrodes (2019)

Dopamine (DA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter responsible for the maintenance of a variety of vital life functions. In vivo DA signaling occurs over multiple time scales, from subsecond phasic release due to dopamine neuron firing to tonic release responsible for long-term DA concentration changes over minutes to hours. Due to the complex, multifaceted nature of DA signaling, analytical sensing technology must be capable of recording DA from multiple locations and over multiple time scales. Decades of research has focused on improving in vivo detection capabilities for subsecond phasic DA, but the accurate detection of absolute resting DA levels in real time has proven challenging. We have developed a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-based nanocomposite coating that exhibits excellent DA sensing capabilities for resting DA. PEDOT/functionalized carbon nanotube (PEDOT/CNT)-coated carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFEs) are capable of directly measuring resting DA using square wave voltammetry (SWV) with high sensitivity and selectivity. Incorporation of a PEDOT/CNT coating significantly increases the sensitivity for the detection of resting DA by a factor of 422. SWV measurements performed at PEDOT/CNT-functionalized CFEs implanted in the rat dorsal striatum reveal the absolute basal DA concentration to be 82 ± 6 nM. Systemic administration of the dopamine transporter inhibitor nomifensine increases resting DA to a maximum 207 ± 16 nM at 28 ± 2 min following injection. PEDOT/CNT was also functionalized onto individual gold electrode sites along silicon microelectrode arrays (MEAs) to produce a multisite DA sensing electrode. MEA implantation allows for the quantification of basal DA from different brain regions with excellent spatial resolution. SWV detection paired with PEDOT/CNT functionalization is highly adaptable and shows great promise for tonic DA detection with high spatial and temporal resolution.
Proactive aging management in heterogeneous NoCs through a criticality-driven routing approach (2013)

The emergence of power efficient heterogeneous NoCs presents an intriguing challenge in NoC reliability, particularly due to aging degradation. To effectively tackle this challenge, this work presents a dynamic routing algorithm that exploits the architecture level criticality of network packets while routing. Our proposed framework uses a Wearout Monitoring System (to track NBTI effect) and architecture-level criticality information to create a routing policy that restricts aging degradation with minimal impact on system level performance. Compared to the state-of-the-art BRAR (Buffered-Router Aware Routing), our best scheme achieves 38%, 53% and 29% improvements on network latency, system performance and Energy Delay Product per Flit (EDPPF) overheads, respectively.
Recognition of Delirium in Postoperative Elderly Patients: A Multicenter Study (2017)

There was considerable disagreement in classification of delirium by experts who independently assessed exactly the same information, showing the difficulty of delirium diagnosis. Furthermore, the sensitivity of daily delirium screening by clinical nurses was poor. Future research should focus on development of objective instruments to diagnose delirium.
Study of Sequential Dexter Energy Transfer in High Efficient Phosphorescent White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Single Emissive Layer (2014)

In this study, we report our effort to realize high performance single emissive layer three color white phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) through sequential Dexter energy transfer of blue, green and red dopants. The PHOLEDs had a structure of; ITO(1500 Å)/NPB(700 Å)/mCP:Firpic-x%:Ir(ppy)3-0.5%:Ir(piq)3-y%(300 Å)/TPBi(300 Å)/Liq(20 Å)/Al(1200 Å). The dopant concentrations of FIrpic, Ir(ppy)3 and Ir(piq)3 were adjusted and optimized to facilitate the preferred energy transfer processes attaining both the best luminous efficiency and CIE color coordinates. The presence of a deep trapping center for charge carriers in the emissive layer was confirmed by the observed red shift in electroluminescent spectra. White PHOLEDs, with phosphorescent dopant concentrations of FIrpic-8.0%:Ir(ppy)3-0.5%:Ir(piq)3-0.5% in the mCP host of the single emissive layer, had a maximum luminescence of 37,810 cd/m(2) at 11 V and a luminous efficiency of 48.10 cd/A at 5 V with CIE color coordinates of (0.35, 0.41).
MICE 도시경쟁력 평가에 관한 연구: 정성적 평가를 중심으로 (2010)

In order for the MICE industry to play a strategic role as a new growth engine, the competitive power of the national and regional MICE industry should be evaluated objectively and scientifically to chart out the policies that will guide MICE to strengthen its future competitiveness. Therefore, this study aims to draw out quality assessment factors to evaluate the MICE industry’s competitive power, as well as primary elements to objectively make a comparative evaluation of each city’ competitiveness in terms of the MICE industry. Tourist attractiveness turns out to be the most important factor in evaluating the competitiveness of the city to host MICE, followed by MICE track records, MICE content quality, MICE demands and sustainability, and MICE physical quality. Given the fact that tourist attractiveness has become the most significant factor in deciding the competitiveness of the city to host MICE, it is definitely necessary to take into consideration tourist conditions in the vicinity of the MICE host city before building MICE-related facilities including the convention center and holding conferences.
Thrombospondin is a substrate for blood coagulation factor XIIIa (1986)

Thrombospondin (TSP) is released from alpha granules of activated platelets, binds to platelet surfaces, and copolymerizes with fibrin. In the present experiments, we investigated the action of factor XIIIa (plasma transglutaminase) on TSP. Factor XIIIa catalyzed incorporation of [14C]putrescine into soluble TSP and ligation of TSP to itself and to fibrin intermediates. Proteolytic digestion of [14C]putrescine-labeled TSP with trypsin or thrombin yielded a labeled disulfide-bonded core of 90 or 120-130 kilodalton (kDa) subunits, labeled fragments of less than 10 kDa, and an unlabeled 30-kDa heparin-binding fragment, indicating the presence of multiple factor XIIIa reactive glutaminyl residues located in several domains of the molecule. TSP became ligated in fibrin clots formed from amidinated fibrinogen, i.e., fibrin that could not contribute lysyl residues to factor IIIa catalyzed cross-links. The disulfide-bonded core of TSP formed upon thrombin digestion copolymerized with fibrin as efficiently as intact TSP. However, a lower proportion of the disulfide-bonded core became ligated. These results indicate that TSP, both in clots and in solution, contributes glutaminyl and lysyl residues to factor XIIIa catalyzed ligation. Cross-linking may be important in stabilizing interactions among TSP, fibrinogen, or fibrin and other molecules in hemostatic plugs.
Detection of Infrequent Cells in Blood and Bone Marrow by Flow Cytometry (2000)

I. INTRODUCTION Peripheral blood and bone marrow are composed of heterogeneous cell mixtures. Traditionally, the composition of blood cells has been performed by microscopic examination of cytochemically stained cell smears. This technique, however, is subjective and nucleated cells which appear at a frequency below 5% may be overlooked. The introduction of flow cytometry to discriminate between cell populations has significantly improved the ability to identify accurately and enumerate cell populations which cannot be distinguished by morphological features (1). A further improvement of the sensitivity of flow cytometric examination of heterogeneous cell mixtures has been obtained by multidimensional analysis of the data (2). Cell populations are identified by the simultaneous assessment of lightscattering and fluorescence parameters. Light-scattering parameters measure cell size and cell granularity. Fluorescence parameters can be used to assess cell surface antigens, intracellular antigens, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and protein content. By choosing an unique set of lineage-specific and or lineage-associated monoclonal antibodies, this technique has enabled the assignment of clusters of cells in bone marrow to a specific lineage and a maturational stage (3-6). Although cells can be identified in frequencies as low as 1/105 to 1/106, the practical detection limit of multidimensional flow cytometry to identify cells is 1/104 (7,8). The ability reliably to detect infrequent cell populations such as hematopoietic progenitor cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and micrometastases in peripheral blood is becoming increasingly significant in the management of patients with cancer (9-14). In this chapter, various approaches are described which enable the enumeration of infrequent cell types by flow cytometry.
Selective Uptake of Serum Globulins and Glycoproteins by Cells Growing in vitro (1960)

It has been demonstrated in preliminary experiments that two strains of rat tumor cells (WRC-256 and TSAT-72) utilize alpha-2-globulin more selectively than other protein components of human serum. Cells of strain TSAT-72 show some utilization of beta-globulins also. Separate experiments demonstrated the utilization of glycoproteins by both strains.
Effect of Finite Rate Feedback on CDMA Signature Optimization and MIMO Beamforming Vector Selection (2006)

We analyze the effect of finite rate feedback on CDMA (code-division multiple access) signature optimization and MIMO (multi-input-multi-output) beamforming vector selection. In CDMA signature optimization, for a particular user, the receiver selects a signature vector from a codebook to best avoid interference from other users, and then feeds the corresponding index back to the specified user. For MIMO beamforming vector selection, the receiver chooses a beamforming vector from a given codebook to maximize throughput, and feeds back the corresponding index to the transmitter. These two problems are dual: both can be modeled as selecting a unit norm vector from a finite size codebook to "match" a randomly generated Gaussian matrix. In signature optimization, the least match is required while the maximum match is preferred for beamforming selection. Assuming that the feedback link is rate limited, our main result is an exact asymptotic performance formulae where the length of the signature/beamforming vector, the dimensions of interference/channel matrix, and the feedback rate approach infinity with constant ratios. The proof rests on a large deviation principle over a random matrix ensemble. Further, we show that random codebooks generated from the isotropic distritution are asymptotically optimal not only on average, but also with probability one.
Evaluation of a New In Vitro Cell Selection Technique (1990)

In vitro cell selection is a novel means of recovering elite plant types. This study evaluated a new in vitro cell selection technique [Host‐Pathogen Interaction System (HPIS)] that exposes calli to a pathogen without physical contact between the organisms. The material components that make up the HPIS are a double‐sided petri dish (Lutri‐plate®), a polycarbonate Nucleopore® membrane, caulking cord, and the appropriate agar media. Callus of ‘Penncross’ creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis palustris Huds.) and two isolates of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. (RVPI and RATCC) were used in evaluating the HPIS. After 12 d of coculture in the HPIS, callus fresh weights were less in plates cocuitured with RVPI (−0.09 g) and RATC(C0 .47 g) isolates than control plates (0.95 g). Callus cocuitured in the HPIS with either isolate displayed no plantlet formation, while control callus cultured in the HPIS without the fungi formed numerous vigorous plantlets. The HPIS appears to provide an effective means for exposing calli to a pathogen without the complications associated with direct physical contact between the organisms. Research is currently underway to utilize the HPIS for recovering desirable variants of Penncross with resistance to R. solani .
The Chemical Iodination of Silver (1986)

Kinetic experiments are reported on the chemical formation of AgI layers on polycrystalline silver substrates. The AgI layers, up to several micrometres in average thickness, were grown under ambient conditions by reacting a rotating silver disc with solutions of iodine dissolved in ethanol and with aqueous triiodide solutions. The morphology and structural identity of the AgI layers were determined by scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, respectively. Depending upon the growth conditions employed, either porous or compact AgI deposits could result, and thus the rate of formation of AgI could be limited by a diffusion step in solution, or by some slower transport step across the layers. The AgI layers were inhomogeneous, and often consisted of discrete crystallites. Thus, the metal oxidation theories developed for planar and isotropic product layers could not be applied to the formation of AgI layers under ambient conditions.
Diphenyl Difluoroketone: A Curcumin Derivative with Potent <i>In vivo</i> Anticancer Activity (2008)

Diphenyl difluoroketone (EF24), a molecule having structural similarity to curcumin, was reported to inhibit proliferation of a variety of cancer cells in vitro. However, the efficacy and in vivo mechanism of action of EF24 in gastrointestinal cancer cells have not been investigated. Here, we assessed the in vivo therapeutic effects of EF24 on colon cancer cells. Using hexosaminidase assay, we determined that EF24 inhibits proliferation of HCT-116 and HT-29 colon and AGS gastric adenocarcinoma cells but not of mouse embryo fibroblasts. Furthermore, the cancer cells showed increased levels of activated caspase-3 and increased Bax to Bcl-2 and Bax to Bcl-xL ratios, suggesting that the cells were undergoing apoptosis. At the same time, cell cycle analysis showed that there was an increased number of cells in the G(2)-M phase. To determine the effects of EF24 in vivo, HCT-116 colon cancer xenografts were established in nude mice and EF24 was given i.p. EF24 significantly suppressed the growth of colon cancer tumor xenografts. Immunostaining for CD31 showed that there was a lower number of microvessels in the EF24-treated animals coupled with decreased cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA and protein expression. Western blot analyses also showed decreased AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in the tumors. Taken together, these data suggest that the novel curcumin-related compound EF24 is a potent antitumor agent that induces caspase-mediated apoptosis during mitosis and has significant therapeutic potential for gastrointestinal cancers.
Chiral response of single walled carbon nanotube based sensors to adsorption of amino acids: A theoretical model (2007)

Calculations of the interaction energy and dielectric responses of chiral single walled carbon nanotubes to the presence of amino acid enantiomers are carried out. A theoretical study is developed to show that the frequency shifts of selected nanotubes conveniently tailored to the size of the probed molecules and used in a resonator configuration can selectively detect different species of amino acids and the left- and right-handed enantiomers of these species. Criteria for an optimization of the adsorption energy and frequency response on the size and chiral angle of the nanotubes are given. It is found that a very small set of carbon tubes obeys these conditions.
The development of word processor--mainframe computer interaction (2005)

This paper addresses how peripheral word processing units have been modified into total workstations, enabling a user to perform multiple functions. Manuscripts can be prepared and edited, information can be passed to and extracted from the mainframe computer, and the mainframe's superior processing capabilities can be utilized. This is a viable alternative to the so-called "Heinz 57" approach to information systems characterized in many institutions. Presented here will be a short background of data processing at The Children's Hospital, necessary to show the explosive growth of data processing in a medical institution, a description of how word processing configuration played a determining role in equipment selection, and a sampling of actual word processing---mainframe applications that have been accomplished.
Methods in Vehicle Mass and Road Grade Estimation (2014)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Dynamic vehicle loads play critical roles for automotive controls including battery management, transmission shift scheduling, distance-to-empty predictions, and various active safety systems. Accurate real-time estimation of vehicle loads such as those due to vehicle mass and road grade can thus improve safety, efficiency, and performance. While several estimation methods have been proposed in literature, none have seen widespread adoption in current vehicle technologies despite their potential to significantly improve automotive controls. To understand and bridge the gap between research development and wider adoption of real-time load estimation, this paper assesses the accuracy and performance of four estimation methods that predict <i>vehicle mass</i> and/or <i>road grade</i>. These include recursive least squares (RLS) with multiple forgetting factors; extended Kalman filtering (EKF); a dynamic grade observer (DGO); and a method developed by this research: parallel mass and grade (PMG) estimation using a longitudinal accelerometer.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The estimation methods and models were constructed, numerous vehicle tests were performed, and data was evaluated off-line by the estimation approaches. It is found that RLS and EKF yield estimates within 5% of their actual values if provided initial values close to true initial states. To improve estimation when inaccurate initial values are provided, a mass selection algorithm is proposed that determines mass based on converged values from concurrently-operating EKF estimators. Its potential for accurate mass and grade estimation is demonstrated. PMG estimation provides the most reliable and accurate results, and demonstrates the greatest potential for successful real-time implementation to advance the performance, economy, and reliability of future vehicle controls.</div></div>
Intratumoral neutrophils and plasmacytoid dendritic cells indicate poor prognosis and are associated with pSTAT3 expression in AJCC stage I/II melanoma (2011)

Neutrophil infiltration and CD123+ dendritic cell infiltration in primary melanoma are independently associated with poor prognosis. Melanoma cell expression of pSTAT3 is strongly associated with the surrounding immune infiltrate.
Cancer of unknown primary site (1995)

The decline in the numbers of cancers assigned to unknown primary site is to be welcomed.
Sparverhalten (1975) (1975)

Sparverhalten der Bevölkerung. Themen: Sparverhalten des Befragten im Befragungsjahr im Vergleich zufrüheren Jahren; Sparzuwächse; Sparziel und Sparformen; Kenntnis derKonjunkturwirkungen des Sparens; geplantes Sparverhalten für dieZukunft. Demographie: Alter (klassiert); Geschlecht; Familienstand; Konfession;Schulbildung; Beruf; Berufstätigkeit; Haushaltseinkommen;Haushaltsgröße; Haushaltungsvorstand; Anzahl der Erwachsenen imHaushalt; Wirtschaftsraum; Ortsgröße; Bundesland.
Blurring of wrinkles through control of optical properties. (1987)

To develop a novel makeup which is effective in making wrinkles less visible, optical properties of the makeup compornents and their mixtures were systematically studied.It was discovered that within a specific composition range, it was possible to produce a makeup more effective in making wrinkles much less visible than possible with other mixtures. The composition of this “SOFT FOCUS MIXTURE” was found to be strongly dependent on the optical properties as well as the ratio of the powder to the oil. Two major factors found to contribute to the reduction of wrinkle visibility are: (a) Optical blurring of the outlines of wrinkles, and (b) Reduction in the differerence of lightnesses due to diffuse reflection. The first is strongly dependent on the concentration of the oil phase while the second is affected by the gloss of the powder. By optimizing these two factors, effective makeup have been prepared to make wrinkles less apparent.
Description and recognition of form and automated form data entry (2002)

In this paper we present a form description method, in which frame lines are used to constitute a so-called frame template, which reflects the structure of a form either topologically or geometrically. Relevant item traversal algorithm is then proposed to locate and label form's items. We have also developed a robust and fast frame line detection method to make this form description practical for form recognition. Experimental results show our approach provides an effective way to convert printed forms into computerized format or collect information for database from printed forms.
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA OF BIPHENYL IN THE GROUND AND THE LOWEST TRIPLET STATES. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY STUDY (1998)

The molecular geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of biphenyl in the ground and the first excited triplet states have been calculated using the Hartree-Fock and Becke-3-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) density functional methods with 6-31G* basis set. Structural change occurs from a twisted benzene-like to a planar quinone-like form upon the excitation to the first excited state. Scaled harmonic vibrational frequencies for the ground state obtained from the B3LYP calculation show good agreement with the available experimental data. A few vibrational fundamentals for both states are newly assigned based on the B3LYP results.
Advanced Substrate Fabrication for Cell Microarrays (2009)

The fabrication and characterization of chemical patterns using a technique that can be readily integrated with methods currently used for the formation of microarrays is presented. A high density poly(ethylene glycol) coating was deposited on glass slides as a background exhibiting low cell attachment properties. Phenylazide modified polymers were then printed on this background. UV irradiation of these polymer arrays resulted in the cross-linking of the polymer spots and their covalent attachment to the surface. Cell attachment was shown to follow the resultant surface chemistry pattern. Furthermore, the use of a robotic contact printer enabled the facile deposition of DNA microarrays on top of and aligned with the polymer microarrays. A transfected cell microarray was generated in this way, demonstrating not only the ability of this platform to limit cell attachment to specific regions, but the suitability for chip-based functional genomics, in particular, and high density cell assays in general.