gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cross-linking of FcγR triggers shedding of the hemoglobin-haptoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 (2004)

CD163, the hemoglobin (Hb)-haptoglobin scavenger receptor, is a monocyte/macrophage-restricted member of the scavenger receptor, cysteine-rich family of proteins. In addition to being expressed on the cell surface, a soluble form of CD163 has also been reported. Like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), surface CD163 is proteolytically cleaved from the plasma membrane in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. As cross-linking of the Fcgamma receptor (FcgammaR) is similarly known to induce TNF-alpha shedding, the effect of FcgammaR stimulation on CD163 shedding was investigated. We found that FcgammaR stimulation resulted in a rapid release of surface CD163 into the supernatant that was blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase C and tyrosine kinases. Although LPS and FcgammaR stimulation in short-term cultures suppressed CD163 mRNA expression, long-term cultures of monocytes treated with LPS-but not with a FcgammaR cross-linking reagent-resulted in an interleukin-10-dependent recovery of surface CD163 expression. These studies suggest that the presence of immune complexes in infection or autoimmunity may radically alter the nature of CD163-dependent monocyte/macrophage processes. This may be particularly important in disease states in which immune complexes and high levels of free Hb are present, such as in autoimmune hemolytic anemia, transfusion reactions, or infections by hemolytic bacteria.
Detection performance in self-organized wireless sensor networks (2003)

In designing a wireless sensor network, we suggest that one of the primary performance metrics should be the ability of the sensor network to detect, in a distributed manner, events of interest. Since wireless sensor networks will often have many nodes and will be deployed in remote environments, it is important that they have the ability to self-organize, forming clusters of sensor nodes. Thus, we consider the interaction of the self-organization and the distributed detection algorithms, with the primary goal of determining and optimizing the parameters that are responsible for the detection performance. In this paper, the self-organization is done using the linked cluster algorithm (LCA). The algorithm is distributed, and it uses two TDMA frames to allow each node to independently determine its neighbors. Every node uses its local connectivity matrix and its identification number to classify itself as either: (1) a cluster head, (2) a gateway, or (3) an ordinary node.
Toward Artificial Magnetism Using Terahertz Split Ring Resonator Metamaterials (2006)

Split ring resonator arrays have been fabricated to demonstrate magnetic resonance in the terahertz regime. Spectroscopic transmission measurements as a function of oblique angle enable quantitative values of the permeability to be calculated
Micromachined Faraday cup array using deep reactive ion etching (2002)

A micromachined Faraday cup array (MFCA) for position sensitive ion detection has been developed using a deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) process. Linear, closely spaced arrays of 64, 128, and 256 cups have been produced with pitches of 250 /spl mu/m and 150 /spl mu/m. Low leakage MOS capacitors formed into DRIE trenches form effective ion collection traps with stable and electrostatically isolated capacitances. These closely spaced arrays of Faraday cups enable a new generation of compact mass spectrometers with true multi-channel detection capability. Since all of the incident ion flux is continuously intercepted by the array, no ion flux is lost as in scanning systems, and the overall sensitivity of the mass spectrometer is drastically improved by a factor approximately equal to the number of cups in the array. The MFCA is thus an ideal component for miniaturized mass spectrometers, ion beam profiling, and chemical analyzers which must work with very small sample volumes or high throughputs.
Lithium Niobate: A High-Temperature Piezoelectric Transducer Material (1966)

The high piezoelectric coupling and high Curie point of LiNbO3 make it an excellent transducer material for acoustic measurements at high temperatures. A single-crystal plate of LiNbO3 has been used as a shear mode transducer in measuring the acoustic properties of an Al2O3 ceramic sphere up to 1050°C.
A-kinase anchoring protein 150 controls protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation and sensitization of TRPV1 (2009)

Post-translational modifications on various receptor proteins have significant effects on receptor activation. For the Transient Receptor Potential family V type 1 (TRPV1) receptor, phosphorylation of certain serine/threonine amino acid residues sensitizes the receptor to activation by capsaicin and heat. Although Protein Kinase C (PKC) phosphorylates TRPV1 on certain serine/threonine residues, it is not completely understood how PKC functionally associates with TRPV1. Recent studies have reported that the A-kinase Anchoring Protein 150 (AKAP150) mediates PKA phosphorylation of TRPV1 in several nociceptive models. Here, we demonstrate that AKAP150 also mediates PKC-directed phosphorylation and sensitization of TRPV1. In cultured rat trigeminal ganglia, immunocytochemical analyses demonstrate co-localization of AKAP150 and PKC isoforms alpha, delta, epsilon, and gamma in TRPV1-positive neurons. Additional biochemical evidence supports immunocytochemical results, indicating that AKAP150 preferentially associates with certain PKC isoforms in rat trigeminal ganglia neurons. Employing siRNA-mediated knock-down of AKAP150 expression, we demonstrate that PKC-mediated phosphorylation of TRPV1 and sensitization to a capsaicin response is dependent upon functional expression of the AKAP150 scaffolding protein. Furthermore, PKC-induced sensitization to a thermal stimulus is abrogated in AKAP150 knock-out animals relative to wild-type. Collectively, the results from these studies indicate that the AKAP150 scaffolding protein functionally modulates PKC-mediated phosphorylation and sensitization of the TRPV1 receptor in rat sensory neurons, suggesting the scaffolding protein to be an integral regulator of peripheral inflammatory hyperalgesia.
Copy Number Change: Evolving views on Gene Amplification (2013)

The rapid pace of genomic sequence analysis is increasing the awareness of intrinsically dynamic genetic landscapes. Gene duplication and amplification (GDA) contribute to adaptation and evolution by allowing DNA regions to expand and contract in an accordion-like fashion. This process affects diverse aspects of bacterial infection, including antibiotic resistance and host-pathogen interactions. In this review, microbial GDA is discussed, primarily using recent bacterial examples that demonstrate medical and evolutionary consequences. Interplay between GDA and horizontal gene transfer further impact evolutionary trajectories. Complementing the discovery of gene duplication in clinical and environmental settings, experimental evolution provides a powerful method to document genetic change over time. New methods for GDA detection highlight both its importance and its potential application for genetic engineering, synthetic biology and biotechnology.
A compiler for deterministic, decomposable negation normal form (2002)

We present a compiler for converting CNF formulas into deterministic, decomposable negation normal form (d-DNNF). This is a logical form that has been identified recently and shown to support a number of operations in polynomial time, including clausal entailment; model counting, minimization and enumeration; and probabilistic equivalence testing, d-DNNFs are also known to be a superset of, and more succinct than, OBDDs. The polytime logical operations supported by d-DNNFs are a subset of those supported by OBDDs, yet are sufficient for model-based diagnosis and planning applications. We present experimental results on compiling a variety of CNF formulas, some generated randomly and others corresponding to digital circuits. A number of the formulas we were able to compile efficiently could not be similarly handled by some state-of-the-art model counters, nor by some state-of-the-art OBDD compilers.
Free Radicals, Mitochondria, and Oxidized Lipids (2006)

Mitochondria have long been known to play a critical role in maintaining the bioenergetic status of cells under physiological conditions. It was also recognized early in mitochondrial research that the reduction of oxygen to generate the free radical superoxide occurs at various sites in the respiratory chain and was postulated that this could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in a variety of disease states. Over recent years, this view has broadened substantially with the discovery that reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and lipid species can also modulate physiological cell function through a process known as redox cell signaling. These redox active second messengers are formed through regulated enzymatic pathways, including those in the mitochondrion, and result in the posttranslational modification of mitochondrial proteins and DNA. In some cases, the signaling pathways lead to cytotoxicity. Under physiological conditions, the same mediators at low concentrations activate the cytoprotective signaling pathways that increase cellular antioxidants. Thus, it is critical to understand the mechanisms by which these pathways are distinguished to develop strategies that will lead to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we describe recent evidence that supports the hypothesis that mitochondria have an important role in cell signaling, and so contribute to both the adaptation to oxidative stress and the development of vascular diseases.
Parallel-and-vector implementation of the event-driven logic simulation algorithm on the Cray Y-MP supercomputer (2003)

The authors propose logic simulation techniques using parallel and vector machines to reduce the simulation time of large digital circuits. Three algorithms for logic simulation have been developed and implemented on the Cray Y-MP supercomputer, a general-purpose shared-memory parallel machine with vector processors. The first is a vector version of the event-driven algorithm that achieves a speedup of 13.6 on a single Cray Y-MP processor. The second is a parallel version of the event-driven algorithm that achieves a speedup of 6.3 with eight processors. The third is a complete parallel and vector version of the event-driven algorithm that achieves a speedup of 52 on the Cray Y-MP with eight processors. The proposed techniques are very general so that they can be implemented on other computers without major modifications. Comparisons between the three algorithms and commercial logic simulators are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Obstacle Detection and Avoidance System Based on Monocular Camera and Size Expansion Algorithm for UAVs (2017)

One of the most challenging problems in the domain of autonomous aerial vehicles is the designing of a robust real-time obstacle detection and avoidance system. This problem is complex, especially for the micro and small aerial vehicles, that is due to the Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) constraints. Therefore, using lightweight sensors (i.e., Digital camera) can be the best choice comparing with other sensors; such as laser or radar.For real-time applications, different works are based on stereo cameras in order to obtain a 3D model of the obstacles, or to estimate their depth. Instead, in this paper, a method that mimics the human behavior of detecting the collision state of the approaching obstacles using monocular camera is proposed. The key of the proposed algorithm is to analyze the size changes of the detected feature points, combined with the expansion ratios of the convex hull constructed around the detected feature points from consecutive frames. During the Aerial Vehicle (UAV) motion, the detection algorithm estimates the changes in the size of the area of the approaching obstacles. First, the method detects the feature points of the obstacles, then extracts the obstacles that have the probability of getting close toward the UAV. Secondly, by comparing the area ratio of the obstacle and the position of the UAV, the method decides if the detected obstacle may cause a collision. Finally, by estimating the obstacle 2D position in the image and combining with the tracked waypoints, the UAV performs the avoidance maneuver. The proposed algorithm was evaluated by performing real indoor and outdoor flights, and the obtained results show the accuracy of the proposed algorithm compared with other related works.
Inheritance of Lipoxygenase‐1 Activity in Soybean Seeds<sup>1</sup> (1982)

The objectives of this study were to determine the mode of inheritance of lipoxygenase‐1 (L‐I) activity in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds and to investigate possible linkage of the L‐1 locus with the Le (seed lectin), Sp l (β‐amylase), and W 1 (flower color) loci. The inheritance of L‐1 in soybean seeds was determined by crossing the two genotypes that lack L‐l, Plant Introduction (P.I.) 133226 and P.I. 408251, with soybean cultivars (‘Williams,’ ‘Forrest,’ ‘Columbia,’ and ‘Altona’) having normal L‐1 activity. All F 1 seeds had L‐1 activity. F 2 seeds resulting from these crosses segregated 3:1 indicating that the presence of L‐1 is inherited as a simple dominant. F 3 seeds from heterozygous F 2 plants also segregated 3:1. Reciprocal crosses gave the same results indicating no maternal or cytoplasmic effects on the inheritance of L‐1 activity. The genesymbol Lx 1 is assigned to the allele coding for the presence of L‐1 protein and lx 1 for the lack a detectable L‐1 protein. Linkage studies indicate that the Lx 1 locus is not linked to the loci coding for W, Le, or Sp 1 .
Electron Microscopy (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron MicroscopyF. A. HammCite this: Anal. Chem. 1950, 22, 1, 26–30Publication Date (Print):January 18, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 18 January 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60037a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60037a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sternal closure after median sternotomy: a new technique using titanium hooks and wires applied parasternally (2013)

This sternal closure system using titanium hooks inserted parasternally is an effective alternative to conventional techniques and may increase stability of the breastbone and reduce the risk of injury to retrosternal tissues.
Analysis of Thin Films by Interferometric Ellipsometry (1974)

A novel opto-electronic system for the ellipsometric analysis of thin films is described. Based on interferometric principles, the instrument permits accurate (σΔ=0.25° and σψ=0.05°) and fast (down to 5 ms) measurements. Spectroscopic applications seem promising, because the use of chromatic optical components has been avoided. The availability of an absolute reference rules out the possibility of systematic errors due to imperfections of components and of the window of the measuring cell used in ultra-high vacuum experiments.
Cooling Carbon Nanotubes to the Phononic Ground State with a Constant Electron Current (2009)

We present a quantum theory of cooling of a mechanical resonator using back action with a constant electron current. The resonator device is based on a doubly clamped nanotube, which mechanically vibrates and acts as a double quantum dot for electron transport. Mechanical vibrations and electrons are coupled electrostatically using an external gate. The fundamental eigenmode is cooled by absorbing phonons when electrons tunnel through the double quantum dot. We identify the regimes in which ground-state cooling can be achieved for realistic experimental parameters.
High-capacity electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries: Li <sub>3</sub> NbO <sub>4</sub> -based system with cation-disordered rocksalt structure (2015)

Rechargeable lithium batteries have rapidly risen to prominence as fundamental devices for green and sustainable energy development. Lithium batteries are now used as power sources for electric vehicles. However, materials innovations are still needed to satisfy the growing demand for increasing energy density of lithium batteries. In the past decade, lithium-excess compounds, Li2MeO3 (Me = Mn(4+), Ru(4+), etc.), have been extensively studied as high-capacity positive electrode materials. Although the origin as the high reversible capacity has been a debatable subject for a long time, recently it has been confirmed that charge compensation is partly achieved by solid-state redox of nonmetal anions (i.e., oxide ions), coupled with solid-state redox of transition metals, which is the basic theory used for classic lithium insertion materials, such as LiMeO2 (Me = Co(3+), Ni(3+), etc.). Herein, as a compound with further excess lithium contents, a cation-ordered rocksalt phase with lithium and pentavalent niobium ions, Li3NbO4, is first examined as the host structure of a new series of high-capacity positive electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. Approximately 300 mAh ⋅ g(-1) of high-reversible capacity at 50 °C is experimentally observed, which partly originates from charge compensation by solid-state redox of oxide ions. It is proposed that such a charge compensation process by oxide ions is effectively stabilized by the presence of electrochemically inactive niobium ions. These results will contribute to the development of a new class of high-capacity electrode materials, potentially with further lithium enrichment (and fewer transition metals) in the close-packed framework structure with oxide ions.
Oxidative Metabolism of Cocaine: Comparison of Brain and Liver (1989)

Norcocaine (NC) and N-hydroxynorcocaine (NHNC), products of the oxidative metabolism of cocaine, were examined in plasma, brain, and liver of mice injected intraperitoneally with cocaine. Plasma levels of NHNC were altered in vivo by inhibiting esterase activity with diazinon and chloral hydrate or activating esterase activity with phenobarbital, and activating the microsomal P-450 system with phenobarbital. Changes in plasma concentrations of NHNC resulted in similar changes in brain, which were often different from those in liver. After intracisternal administration of cocaine to mice, no appreciable amount of NC or NHNC could be detected in brain; the same results were obtained upon intracisternal and intraventricular administration to rats. Microsomal preparations from mouse brain were found to be considerably less active than those from liver in converting NC to NHNC. We conclude that the cerebral oxidative metabolism of cocaine is not appreciable and that most of the NC and NHNC found in the brain after systemic cocaine administration is derived from plasma rather than formed centrally by brain microsomal enzymes.
A trustee goes to Congress. Interview by Renee Blankenau. (1995)

Of the 99 new faces on Capitol Hill, 85 are Republicans and only 14 are Democrats; all 11 Senate freshmen are Republicans. One of the new Republican representatives, Mark Foley, a real estate agent from West Palm Beach, is a hospital trustee. American Hospital Publishing senior editor Renee Blankenau talked with Foley recently about the new focus on local responsibility, what it means for health care, and how health care leaders can be part of local solutions.
Neutron spectra at 0° from proton-proton collisions between 647 and 805 MeV (1977)

Momentum spectra of neutrons at 0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} from the process $\mathrm{pp}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{np}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ have been measured at 647, 771, and 805 MeV. Absolute cross sections $\frac{{d}^{2}\ensuremath{\sigma}}{d\ensuremath{\Omega}\mathrm{dp}}$ and $\frac{d\ensuremath{\sigma}}{d{\ensuremath{\Omega}}^{*}}$ are given for all three energies. A phenomenological calculation using only $S$- and $P$-wave $\ensuremath{\pi}N$ phase shifts and an $NN$ final-state interaction appears to account for the shapes and magnitudes of the spectra quite well. Comparison with the process $\mathrm{np}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}pX$ indicates a non-negligible contribution from nonresonant amplitudes.
A green function-based parasitic extraction method for inhomogeneous substrate layers (2005)

This paper presents a new Green function-based approach for substrate parasitic extraction in substrates with inhomogeneous layers. This new formulation allows analysis of noise coupling with sinkers, trenches and wells, - a limitation in prior Green function-based extractors. Numerical examples for sinkers and trenches are provided and compared with the results from threedimensional semiconductor device simulations. It is shown that the proposed method is accurate and computationally efficient.
Validated Stability-indicating Reverse-phase Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Determination of Sodium Methylparaben, Sodium Propylparaben and Ketorolac Tromethamine in Topical Dosage Forms. (2013)

A sensitive, fast, and stability-indicating isocratic reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for quantitative simultaneous determination of sodium methylparaben, sodium propylparaben and ketorolac tromethamine in topical dosage forms. Separation of all peaks was achieved by using acquity ethylene bridged hybrid C18 (50×2.1 mm, 1.7 μ) as stationary phase, mobile phase used was triethylamine buffer (pH 2.5):tetrahydrofuran:methanol (665:35:300, v/v/v) with isocratic mode at a flow rate of 0.40 ml/min. All component were detected at 252 nm with 10 min run time. The described method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 248-744 μg/ml for ketorolac tromethamine, 20.8-62.4 μg/ml for sodium methylparaben and 2.38-7.13 μg/ml for sodium propylparaben with correlation coefficients more than 0.999. Method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, solution stability, filter equivalency, and robustness as per International Conference on Harmonization guideline. Formulation was exposed to the stress conditions of peroxide, acid, base, thermal, and photolytic degradation and proven all components were well separated in the presence of degradants.