gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Boosting the Efficiency: Unconventional Waveform Design for Efficient Wireless Power Transfer (2015)

Traditionally, wireless power is delivered through single-carrier, continuous-wave (CW) signals. Most research efforts to enhance the efficiency of wireless power transfer systems have been confined to the circuit-level design. However, in recent years, attention has been paid to the waveform design for wireless power transmission. It has been found that signals featuring a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) can provide efficiency improvement when compared with CW signals. A number of approaches have been proposed, such as multisines/multicarrier orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) signals, chaotic signals, harmonicsignals, ultrawideband (UWB) signals, intermittent CW (ICW) signals, or white-noise signals. This article reviews these techniques with a focus on multisines/multicarrier signals, harmonic signals, and chaotic signals. A theoretical explanation for efficiency improvement is provided and accompanied by experimental results. Circuit design considerations are presented for the receiver side, and efficient transmission architectures are also described with an emphasis on spatial power combining.
Small angle X-ray scattering from phase separating n-paraffin binary mixtures (1997)

Small angle X-ray scattering from binary mixtures of deuterated and non-deuterated n-paraffins (carbon numbers n, between 18 and 36), quickly quenched from the melt, has been studied in order to understand the demixing process. For a large difference in n, such as C18/C36 the components separate into two distinct phases. These are both dilute solid solutions but, for example, despite the presence of the second component, the monoclinic forms characteristic of very pure C30H62, C32H66 and C36H74 appear. For mixtures with a weaker demixing tendency, a number of distinct phases, typically five, have been found, reflecting the complex polymorphic behaviour of the pure phases in this region of composition. For close n values, solid solutions form and ‘microphase separated’ states from these have been characterized by the appearance of a set of diffraction lines which grows into the pattern over a period of days to months at 25°C. We associate this with long density fluctuations in a lamellar ‘microphase’ struc...
Three-dimensional and two-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography, and their prediction of reduced fractional flow reserve (2010)

The accuracy of QCA in predicting functionally significant FFR is limited and is dependent on FFR cut-off used and lesion severity. Where FFR is not available or contraindicated, 3D-QCA may assist in the evaluation of coronary lesions of intermediate severity.
Boehmite Derived γ-Alumina System. 1. Structural Evolution with Temperature, with the Identification and Structural Determination of a New Transition Phase, γ‘-Alumina (2003)

Variations in the structure of gamma-alumina (γ-Al2O3), derived from well-crystalline boehmite, calcined at various temperatures in air were investigated. Consistent distribution of cation coordination, ∼69% octahedral and ∼31% tetrahedral, was observed for material calcined between 500 and 900 °C. Gamma alumina was found to be present between 450 and 750 °C. Its structure was tetragonally distorted but showed a reduced tetragonal distortion with increasing temperature. A cubic γ-Al2O3 phase was never detected. Above 750 °C, δ-Al2O3 was not observed, but instead a new phase was identified and designated gamma-prime-alumina (γ‘-Al2O3). Similarly to δ-Al2O3, γ‘-Al2O3 was determined to be a triple cell of γ-Al2O3 and was described using the P4̄m2 space group. The cation ordering in this structure is more obvious than that for γ-Al2O3, with fewer site positions being occupied with increasing calcination temperature.
50-Channel 100-GHz-Spaced Multiwavelength Fiber Lasers With Single-Frequency and Single-Polarization Operation (2008)

We demonstrate single-polarization operation of a distributed Fabry-Perot multiwavelength fiber laser by adding an external cavity with polarization-dependent feedback. We show that the laser lines retain single-frequency operation with the additional benefit of reduced linewidth. The laser source covers the full <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> -band with 100-GHz channel spacing.
Solution-Processable n-Type Organic Semiconductors Based on Angular-Shaped 2-(12<i>H</i>-Dibenzofluoren-12-ylidene)malononitrilediimide (2015)

The angular-shaped n-type semiconductors 2-(12H-dibenzofluoren-12-ylidene)malononitrilediimide 2a and 2b were successfully designed, synthesized, and fully characterized by optical absorption and fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry, X-ray crystal structure analysis, XRD, and OFET device performance. The varying alkyl chain lengths of 2a and 2b caused different molecular orientations with respect to the substrate. Thus, 2a presents an electron mobility of 0.01 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), whereas 2b resulted in poor device performance with a much lower electron mobility of 5 × 10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1).
Energy, technology, and solar architecture (1973)

A description is given of a building designed for arid areas of southwestern U.S.A., in which the collector radiation and storage medium are combined in the flat, horizontal roof of a one-storied building. Movable insulation is provided over the roof-structure to control solar gains and thermal losses. A new house has been built in 1973 in California to study this system.
Morphons: segmentation using elastic canvas and paint on priors (2005)

This paper presents a new robust approach for segmentation. The segmentation is attained by morphing of an TV-dimensional model, the Morphon, onto the TV-dimensional data. The approach is general and can, in fact, be said to encompass much of the deformable model ideas that have evolved over the years. However, in contrast to commonly used models, a distinguishing feature of the Morphon approach is that it allows an intuitive interface for specifying prior information, hence the expression paint on priors. In this way it is simple to design Morphons for specific situations. The priors determine the behavior of the Morphon and can be seen as local data interpreters and response generators. There are three different kinds of priors: material parameter fields (elasticity, viscosity, anisotropy etc.), context fields (brightness, hue, scale, phase, anisotropy, certainly etc.) and global programs (filter banks, estimation procedures, adaptive mechanisms etc.). The morphing is performed using a dense displacement field. Both the material parameter and context fields are addressed via the present displacement field. An example of the performance of is given using 2D ultrasound images of a heart where the purpose is to segment the heart wall.
Treatment and outcome of recurrent osteosarcoma: Experience at Rizzoli in 235 patients initially treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (2005)

The pattern of relapse, treatment and final outcome of 235 patients with osteosarcoma of the extremity who relapsed after neoadjuvant treatments performed between 1986 and 1998 at a single institution is reported. The 235 relapses were treated by surgery, surgery plus second line chemotherapy, and only second line chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The 5-year post-relapse-event-free-survival (PREFS) was 27.6% and the post-relapse-overall-survival (PROS) 28.7%. All 69 patients who are presently alive and free of disease were treated by surgery, alone or combined with chemotherapy. None of patients treated only by chemotherapy or radiotherapy survived. We conclude that it is possible to obtain prolonged survival and cure in about 1/4 of relapsing osteosarcoma patients with aggressive treatments. The complete removal of the recurrence is essential for outcome, while the role of the association of second-line chemotherapy remains to be defined.
Quantitative measurement of regional lung ventilation using <sup>3</sup>He MRI (2002)

A new strategy for a quantitative measurement of regional pulmonary ventilation using hyperpolarized helium-3 (3He) MRI has been developed. The method employs the build-up of the signal intensity after a variable number of (3)He breaths. A mathematical model of the signal dynamics is presented, from which the local ventilation, defined as the fraction of gas exchanged per breath within a given volume, is calculated. The model was used to create ventilation maps of coronal slices of guinea pig lungs. Ventilation values very close to 1 were found in the trachea and the major airways. In the lung parenchyma, regions adjacent to the hilum showed values of 0.6-0.8, whereas 0.2-0.4 was measured in peripheral regions. Monte Carlo simulations were used to investigate the accuracy of the method and its limitations. The simulations revealed that, at presently attainable signal-to-noise ratios, the ventilation parameter can be determined with a relative uncertainty of <5% over a wide range of values.
NGC 6251 at multiple scales and wavelengths (2001)

We have studied the FRI radio galaxy NGC 6251 and its environment at several wavelengths and scale lengths. On the large scale, we have probed the gravity field by measuring the velocity dispersion of the cluster members associated with NGC 6251 and relating this to, the cluster's X-ray emission. On the small scale, the gravitational information is provided by cold HI near the nucleus and the distribution of stars and gas near the centre of the galaxy. The cold HI gas which we have measured explains the absorption of the central X-ray emission and is consistent with the extinction through the recently discovered HST gas disc of NGC 6251.
Spin transistor for magnetic recording (2005)

In this paper, we demonstrate high-performance giant magnetoresistive spin transistor (GMRST) and magnetotunneling resistive spin transistor (MTRST) which could be used as magnetic pickup head and magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM). This kind of spin device is based on the technologies of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effects together with a p-n junction. The junction is used as a potential barrier to select spin electrons. In case of GMRST the collector current, I/sub C/, varies from 464 /spl mu/A at magnetically parallel state to 309 /spl mu/A at magnetically antiparallel state and gives a percentage change of about 50% at room temperature. As for the MTRST, the change of I/sub C/ is about 45% at room temperature with current varying from 2.9 to 4.2 /spl mu/A. Memory effect, which is the intrinsic behavior of magnetic materials, is also demonstrated.
Joint Frequency-Domain Equalization and Channel Estimation Using Superimposed Pilots (2008)

SC modulations (single-carrier) with FDE (frequency-domain equalization) are promising candidates for future broadband wireless systems. These modulations allow excellent performances in severely time-dispersive channels, provided that accurate channel estimates are available at the receiver. For this purpose, pilot symbols and/or training sequences are usually multiplexed with data symbols. Since this leads to overhead and some spectral degradation, the use of superimposed pilots (i.e., pilots added to data) was recently proposed. In this paper we consider SC-FDE systems where the channel estimation is based on superimposed pilots. Since the interference levels between data and pilots might be very high, we propose an iterative receiver with joint equalization and channel estimation. Our performance results show that the use of superimposed pilots, combined with the proposed receiver, allows performances close to the case with perfect channel estimation, even for severely time-dispersive channels.
A comparative database of group I intron structures (1994)

We have created a database of comparatively derived group I intron secondary structure diagrams. This collection currently contains a broad sampling of phylogenetically and structurally similar and diverse structures from over 200 publicly available intron sequences. As more group I introns are sequenced and added to the database, we anticipate minor refinements in these secondary structure diagrams. These diagrams are directly accessible by computer as well as from the authors.
A Technique for the Selection of the Fuel Pin Diameter for a Uranium/Zirconium Alloy-Fueled Pressurized Water Reactor (1992)

Uranium metal alloys were previously suggested for use in advanced pressurized water reactors; a method is proposed to select an appropriate fuel rod diameter for a uranium alloy–fueled reactor.The method attempts to isolate effects caused only by the change in pin diameter; therefore, the thermal margin is maintained by holding a constant departure from nucleate boiling ratio for designs. Neutronic optimization is also maintained by holding the hydrogento-uranium ratio constant. Operational aspects are conserved by assuming the same cycle length. Burnup uncertainty is removed by using the same discharge burnup. These assumptions allow a rapid determination of an appropriate fuel pin diameter. The procedure considers all cost changes expected, including pump power and capital cost, vessel and containment size changes, and fuel cycle cost changes.The analysis shows that under these constraints, a 10% Zirconium alloy fuel should have a pin diameter similar to but smaller than that of oxide fuel with a similar pitch. The costs appear to be about the same as for oxide-fueled cores. Large advantages, however, may be possible in safety or burnup.
Mechanizing Chile Peppers: Challenges and Advances in Transitioning Harvest of New Mexico’s Signature Crop (2014)

New Mexican-type red and green chile ( Capsicum annuum ) is important to New Mexico’s identity and economy. Producers began experimenting with mechanical harvest in the mid-1960s, but efforts stalled in the 1970s. Adverse impact to production following the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement spurred renewed interest in chile mechanization. Through private and public collaboration, the red chile industry in New Mexico has successfully transitioned with more than 80% of domestic acreage currently mechanized. Green chile has proven to be more challenging with fruit damage and lack of efficient mechanical stem removal posing key obstacles. Recent identification and developments in equipment have provided necessary components for mechanization of green chile, but must be scaled-up to production volumes.
New technologies in cervical cytology screening: a word of caution (1999)

Nearly 5000 women in the United States will die of cervical cancer this year and many of those deaths could be prevented. Most incident cases (60%) are associated with absent or deficient screening. Approximately 25% of screening failures are due to errors in cervical sampling or smear interpretation. New techniques for cytology screening such as liquid-based smears and computerized rescreening of slides are being promoted to physicians and the lay public despite limited scientific evaluation. Improving the validity of screening tests is important, but shifting resources for this purpose might cause net harm if the result is fewer screening opportunities for high-risk women. New screening technologies do not address this utilization gap and might widen it by driving the cost of screening out of the reach of high-risk women. Greater decreases in cervical cancer morbidity and mortality would likely result if the same resources were invested in a comprehensive national screening program that targeted women at highest risk.
Disulfide bond formation using the silyl chloride-sulfoxide system for the synthesis of a cystine peptide (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisulfide bond formation using the silyl chloride-sulfoxide system for the synthesis of a cystine peptideKenichi Akaji, Tadashi Tatsumi, Makoto Yoshida, Tooru Kimura, Yoichi Fujiwara, and Yoshiaki KisoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 11, 4137–4143Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00037a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00037a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views822Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genetic Fate Mapping Reveals That the Caudal Ganglionic Eminence Produces a Large and Diverse Population of Superficial Cortical Interneurons (2010)

By combining an inducible genetic fate mapping strategy with electrophysiological analysis, we have systematically characterized the populations of cortical GABAergic interneurons that originate from the caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE). Interestingly, compared with medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-derived cortical interneuron populations, the initiation [embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5)] and peak production (E16.5) of interneurons from this embryonic structure occurs 3 d later in development. Moreover, unlike either pyramidal cells or MGE-derived cortical interneurons, CGE-derived interneurons do not integrate into the cortex in an inside-out manner but preferentially (75%) occupy superficial cortical layers independent of birthdate. In contrast to previous estimates, CGE-derived interneurons are both considerably greater in number (approximately 30% of all cortical interneurons) and diversity (comprised by at least nine distinct subtypes). Furthermore, we found that a large proportion of CGE-derived interneurons, including the neurogliaform subtype, express the glycoprotein Reelin. In fact, most CGE-derived cortical interneurons express either Reelin or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Thus, in conjunction with previous studies, we have now determined the spatial and temporal origins of the vast majority of cortical interneuron subtypes.
Electromagnetic Shielding Materials in GHz Range (2018)

The state-of-the art in the design and the manufacture methods of the different electromagnetic shielding materials has been reviewed. This topic has become a mainstream field of research because of the electromagnetic pollution generated by telecommunication technology development. The review is centred in absorbent materials and shows a general overview of how the absorption properties of such composites can be tailored through changes in geometry, composition, morphology, and the filler particles content. Although different types of materials are explained, the text is mainly focused on carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes. In this way, the importance of the dispersion of the conductive fillers in different polymer matrices is discussed. In addition, an extensive study on new complex architectures such as foam-based materials is presented. Finally, the combination of carbon fillers with other constituents such as metallic nanoparticles is mentioned. In all these studies, the efficiency of the composites as absorbent or reflective of electromagnetic radiation is discussed.
High-Resolution Self-Gated Dynamic Abdominal MRI Using Manifold Alignment (2017)

We present a novel retrospective self-gating method based on manifold alignment (MA), which enables reconstruction of free breathing, high spatial, and temporal resolution abdominal magnetic resonance imaging sequences. Based on a radial golden-angle acquisition trajectory, our method enables a multidimensional self-gating signal to be extracted from the k -space data for more accurate motion representation. The k -space radial profiles are evenly divided into a number of overlapping groups based on their radial angles. MA is then used to simultaneously learn and align the low dimensional manifolds of all groups, and embed them into a common manifold. In the manifold, k -space profiles that represent similar respiratory positions are close to each other. Image reconstruction is performed by combining radial profiles with evenly distributed angles that are close in the manifold. Our method was evaluated on both 2-D and 3-D synthetic and in vivo data sets. On the synthetic data sets, our method achieved high correlation with the ground truth in terms of image intensity and virtual navigator values. Using the in vivo data, compared with a state-of-the-art approach based on the center of k -space gating, our method was able to make use of much richer profile data for self-gating, resulting in statistically significantly better quantitative measurements in terms of organ sharpness and image gradient entropy.
Protein secretion in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>: characterization of seven <i>xcp</i> genes and processing of secretory apparatus components by prepilin peptidase (1992)

The xcp genes are required for the secretion of most extracellular proteins by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The products of these genes are essential for the transport of exoproteins across the outer membrane after they have reached the periplasm via a signal sequence-dependent pathway. To date, analysis of three xcp genes has suggested the conservation of this secretion pathway in many Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, the xcpA gene was shown to be identical to pilD, which encodes a peptidase involved in the processing of fimbrial (pili) subunits, suggesting a connection between pili biogenesis and protein secretion. Here the nucleotide sequences of seven other xcp genes, designated xcpR to -X, are presented. The N-termini of four of the encoded Xcp proteins display similarity to the N-termini of type IV pili, suggesting that XcpA is involved in the processing of these Xcp proteins. This could indeed be demonstrated in vivo. Furthermore, two other proteins, XcpR and XcpS, show similarity to the PilB and PilC proteins required for fimbriae assembly. Since XcpR and PilB display a canonical nucleotide-binding site, ATP hydrolysis may provide energy for both systems.
Formal Model-Based Test for AUTOSAR Multicore RTOS (2012)

AUTOSAR multicore RTOS is a safety-critical concurrent system, for which high quality is required. A conformance test is important to ensure the quality of the software, but the conventional test is low in coverage and high in cost. In this paper, we present a formal model-based test for multicore RTOS that supports AUTOSAR specifications. First, we developed a formal model. With the model, we developed a test case generator, from which an entire test suite can be extracted. Moreover, we proposed a test program generator, with which optimal executable test programs can be generated fully automatically. Both of the generators are assisted with model checking on the formal model. Bug analysis also becomes easy. Our method demonstrated its advantage over conventional testing by finding 33 test cases for three system service calls, whereas a conventional test carried out by a development team found only 10 test cases. Our method can improve the coverage of the test, clearly saving in cost and development time. It is expected to significantly improve the testing of the AUTOSAR multicore RTOS.