gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CD40-activated B cells induce anti-tumor immunity<i>in vivo</i> (2016)

The introduction of checkpoint inhibitors represents a major advance in cancer immunotherapy. Some studies on checkpoint inhibition demonstrate that combinatorial immunotherapies with secondary drivers of anti-tumor immunity provide beneficial effects for patients that do not show a strong endogenous immune response. CD40-activated B cells (CD40B cells) are potent antigen presenting cells by activating and expanding naïve and memory CD4+ and CD8+ and homing to the secondary lymphoid organs. In contrast to dendritic cells, the generation of highly pure CD40B cells is simple and time efficient and they can be expanded almost limitlessly from small blood samples of cancer patients. Here, we show that the vaccination with antigen-loaded CD40B cells induces a specific T-cell response in vivo comparable to that of dendritic cells. Moreover, we identify vaccination parameters, including injection route, cell dose and vaccination repetitions to optimize immunization and demonstrate that application of CD40B cells is safe in terms of toxicity in the recipient. We furthermore show that preventive immunization of tumor-bearing mice with tumor antigen-pulsed CD40B cells induces a protective anti-tumor immunity against B16.F10 melanomas and E.G7 lymphomas leading to reduced tumor growth. These results and our straightforward method of CD40B-cell generation underline the potential of CD40B cells for cancer immunotherapy.
Chemical and physical properties of an hepatic membrane protein that specifically binds asialoglycoproteins. (1976)

The state of aggregation found in water-soluble preparations of an hepatic membrane protein responsible for the clearance of serum asialoglycoproteins has been shown to result from the self-associating properties of a single oligomeric protein. The smallest functional unit identifiable in aqueous solution possessed an estimated molecular weight of 500,000 with each of the successive components increasing in size by an equal amount to form an oligomeric series bearing an integral ratio of 1:2:3:4:5. The tendency towards self-association was promptly and completely reversed by the addition of Triton X-100 with the concomitant appearance of a single component. Extensive treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate permitted the identification and isolation of two subunits with estimated molecular weights of 48,000 and 40,000, respectively. Amino acid and carbohydrate analyses revealed both subunits to be glycoproteins with a closely similar, but not identical, composition.
Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry: Time-Dispersive Instrumentation (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTIon Mobility-Mass Spectrometry: Time-Dispersive InstrumentationJody C. May and John A. McLean*View Author Information Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education , Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2015, 87, 3, 1422–1436Publication Date (Web):December 19, 2014Publication History Published online9 January 2015Published inissue 3 February 2015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac504720mCopyright © 2014 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceArticle Views13748Altmetric-Citations286LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (4 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Collisions,Ions,Mass spectrometers,Optimization,Power Get e-Alerts
Deflection of an ion beam in the two-dimensional electrostatic quadrupole field (1977)

The deflecting properties of a two-dimensional quadrupole field have been calculated to second order in input position, angle, and energy. The use of this field as an energy analyzer and as an achromatic deflector are described. The calculated dispersion, which is 84.5% that of of a 127° analyzer of equal angular aberration, has been confirmed by measurement on a deflector designed and built for merging an ion beam with a laser beam. This deflector can bend a 3-kV ion beam of 2-mm diameter, ±2-mrad angular spread, and 1-eV FWHM energy spread by 90° without causing a detectable increase in the diameter or angular spread of the beam.
Inter‐test agreement and quantitative cross‐validation of immunochromatographical fecal occult blood tests (2010)

Immunochromatographical fecal occult blood tests were shown to have higher sensitivity for detecting colorectal neoplasms than the commonly used guaiac-based test. However, positivity rates, sensitivity and specificity vary widely. We aimed to assess the reasons for this heterogeneity. Six dichotomous (qualitative) immunochromatographical tests were used in the same stool samples, taken before cathartic bowel preparation, from 1,330 participants of the German colonoscopy screening program. Positivity rates were determined, and inter-test agreement beyond chance was quantified by kappa coefficients (kappa). In addition, kappa coefficients were expressed in relation to their maximum possible values given differences in test positivity rates (kappa/kappa(max)). Furthermore, the distribution of fecal hemoglobin concentration was assessed by an additional quantitative test in participants classified as clearly positive, borderline positive or clearly negative according to the qualitative tests. Positivity rates strongly varied from 6.4 to 46.8%. As a result, overall agreement between tests was only poor to moderate, with kappa ranging from 0.14 to 0.61. However, apart from the different positivity rates, agreement was mostly very high, with kappa/kappa(max) ranging from 0.53 to 1.00, and exceeding 0.70 in 12 of 15 cases. Distribution of fecal hemoglobin concentrations in the various categories strongly varied across tests. The observed patterns suggest that the strongly different positivity rates essentially reflect different cutoff levels of tests with otherwise very high inter-test agreement. Definition of cutoffs is a critical issue in the application of immunochromatographical tests and should be redefined for several of these tests.
Q fever in Taiwan. (1994)

The antibody titer of all 48 positive cases reached 1:320 or higher on the 13th day after onset of the disease. IFA as a diagnostic tool to detect acute and convalescent serum antibody titer is discussed.
Trench Bulge Waveguides for Integrated Optical Circuits (1991)

A new type of an integrated optical waveguide is presented, which uses the non-planar deposition characteristic of a PECVD process to deposite siliconoxinitride layers in a trench etched by a plasma process into a silicon substrate. The resulting structure, which closely resembles a single material fiber, avoids scattering losses due to edge roughness caused by the etching process, since the waves are guided far from these edges, and, as it is buried in the trench, exhibits neglegible crosscoupling between closely adjacent waveguides
Demonstration of high contrast with an obscured aperture with the WFIRST-AFTA shaped pupil coronagraph (2015)

The coronagraph instrument on the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope-Astrophysics-Focused Telescope Asset (WFIRST-AFTA) mission study has two coronagraphic architectures, shaped pupil and hybrid Lyot, which may be interchanged for use in different observing scenarios. Each architecture relies on newly developed mask components to function in the presence of the AFTA aperture, and so both must be matured to a high technology readiness level in advance of the mission. A series of milestones were set to track the development of the technologies required for the instrument; we report on completion of WFIRST-AFTA coronagraph milestone 2—a narrowband 10−8 contrast test with static aberrations for the shaped pupil—and the plans for the upcoming broadband coronagraph milestone 5.
ドイツ―メクレンブルク・フォアーポンメルン邦―における第1～6学年の科学教育 (2011)

ドイツ連邦共和国のメクレンブルク･フォア-ポンメルン邦に焦点を当て，第1～6学年における科学教育の現状を，学習指導要領などを手がかりにして，明らかにした。初等教育段階（第1～4学年）の科学教育は教科｢事象教授｣の中の1つのテーマ｢自然現象を解明する｣で行われ，オリエンテーション段階（第5～6学年）の科学教育は｢自然諸科学（理科）｣ないし｢生物｣と｢物理｣で行われている。この2種類の学習指導要領の構想，カバー する学習内容は同じではなかった。また，複数学年度合計での過授業時間数の指示，教科内のテーマの順序の任意性，授業時数の余裕のある設定，選択学習内容や選択テ-マの設定などに多様性の許容を見ることができ，メクレンブルク･フォアーポンメルン邦における第1～6学年の科学教育は，すべての児童生徒に対する単一的なものでなく，多様であると特徴づけられる。
Remote surgery case: robot-assisted teleneurosurgery (2004)

Telesurgery is an interdisciplinary field of teleoperated robotics and robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery, and has good promising future. In this work, the structure and work flow of the tele-neurosurgery are addressed at first. Then the key technologies involved, including our newly developed surgical robot, untouched methodology in localizing marks for registration, video overlay and surgical simulation, video transmission and network communication, and safeguards, are discussed, which guarantee the safety and feasibility of the clinical telesurgery. In the end, the first remote clinical stereo tactic neurosurgery is presented.
Effect of Nanorod Aspect Ratio on Shear Thickening Electrolytes for Safety-Enhanced Batteries (2018)

Shear-thickening electrolytes are of increasing interest, as they offer potentially enhanced battery safety during extreme impact. Current shear-thickening electrolytes consist of a suspension of spherical nanoparticles in battery electrolyte media, but these tend to be effective only at high loadings and do not display discontinuous shear thickening. Accordingly, the present challenge is to maximize the shear-thickening effect at the lowest particle loading. Here, anisotropic silica nanorods with aspect ratios ranging from 2 to 24 are explored as alternatives to the current paradigm of spherical nanoparticles for shear-thickening electrolytes. As the aspect ratio increases, the critical volume fraction for shear thickening decreases. Discontinuous shear thickening in which solidification takes place is achieved by using nanorods of aspect ratio 24 at the relatively low volume fraction of 0.146. Interparticle attractions originating from the interaction between the nanorod’s solvation layer and the electrolyte cause hysteresis in the critical shear stress for shear thickening. Moreover, interparticle attractions increase with decreasing aspect ratio, which is attributed to the increasing surface area of the silica nanorods. Therefore, shear thickening is due to the combined effects of particle aspect ratio, interparticle attractions, hydrodynamic forces, and frictional contacts. A rheological state diagram is created for future materials design, and ballistic tests demonstrate a 37% reduction in blunt force due to the shear-thickening electrolyte.
Dynamic Response Measurement of Clinical Gas Analysers (2005)

Capnographs are devices that use CO/sub 2/ from a patients' expired breath to monitor the cardiopulmonary status during anaesthesia and mechanical ventilation. The waveforms are called capnograms. Capnographs at present are routinely calibrated via a static calibration method only. There is no specific method of dynamically testing capnographs. Since capnograms are time varying, there is a definite requirement to evaluate the dynamic response of these systems. This paper presents a technique to determine the time and frequency response of capnographs using a custom built EtCO/sub 2/ simulator system. This system is computer controlled via a C program. A portable version of the simulator system has also been developed using a microprocessor. The waveforms obtained using the simulator system are recorded and image analysis is performed using Matlab to obtain the time and frequency responses of the capnographs. This paper explains the image analysis part of the technique in detail. Measurements of several types of capnograph systems proved that older capnographs usually do not satisfy the manufacturer quoted specifications for time and frequency response. Monitoring capnographs on a routine basis is thus important and is recommended. This new technique of time and frequency response measurement can be used as part of a quality control protocol for capnographs; for commissioning and routine monitoring as well as to verify manufacturer quoted specifications in new units.
Important Drop in Rate of Acute Diabetes Complications in People With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes After Initiation of Flash Glucose Monitoring in France: The RELIEF Study (2021)

This large retrospective study on hospitalizations for acute diabetes complications shows that a significantly lower incidence of admissions for DKA and for diabetes-related coma is associated with use of flash glucose monitoring. This study has significant implications for patient-centered diabetes care and potentially for long-term health economic outcomes.
A Dosing/Cross-Development Study of the Multikinase Inhibitor Sorafenib in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2009)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and cancer share elements of pathophysiology. This provides an opportunity for the cross-development of anticancer agents that can be used in improving PAH care. The adaptation of new drugs across these disease populations warrants a structured approach. This study was a 16-week, phase Ib, single-center, open-label trial of the multikinase/angiogenesis inhibitor sorafenib. In order to assess the safety of sorafenib in PAH, patients with advanced but stable disease on parenteral prostanoids (with or without oral sildenafil) were initiated on treatment at the lowest active dosage administered to cancer patients: 200 mg daily. Patients underwent weekly clinical evaluations and monthly functional testing and dose escalations to a final dosage of 400 mg twice daily. Among 12 patients (10 of them women), sorafenib was well tolerated at 200 mg twice daily. The most common adverse events were moderate skin reactions on the hands and feet and alopecia. Our conclusion was therefore that this is a tolerable dosing regimen for testing the therapeutic activity of sorafenib in PAH patients.
High-Accuracy Image Centroiding Algorithm for CMOS-Based Digital Sun Sensors (2007)

The digital sun sensor calculates the incident sunlight angle using the sunlight image registered on a CMOS image sensor. In order to accomplish this, an exact center of the sunlight image has to be determined. Therefore, an accurate estimate of the centroid is the most important factor in digital sun sensor development. The most general method for determining the centroid is the thresholding method, and this method is also the simplest and easy to implement. Another centering algorithm often used is the image filtering method that utilizes image processing. The sun sensor accuracy using these methods, however, is quite susceptible to noise in the detected sunlight intensity. This is especially true in the thresholding method where the accuracy changes according to the threshold level. In this paper, a template method that uses the sunlight image model to determine the centroid of the sunlight image is suggested, and the performance has been compared and analyzed. The template method suggested, unlike the thresholding and image filtering method, has comparatively higher accuracy. In addition, it has the advantage of having consistent level of accuracy regardless of the noise level, which results in a higher reliability.
A vital microscopy morphology of study of normal the and inflamed gingiva (1971)

Using a specially constructed microscope and transilluminating the intact free gingiva of ferrets, opossums, cats, dogs and rhesus monkeys, blood flow and vascular morphology were observed. Recordings were made on motion picture film at speeds up to 300 frames per second. The state of health of the gingiva was assessed clinically, histologically and by vital microscopy and the three assessments compared. The results indicate that free gingiva which have never been involved in inflammation exhibit a vascular morphology which can be described as a network. With the onset of histopathologic inflammatory changes, the network transforms to a characteristic loop appearance. Five stages of morphologic change are described, based upon the vascular topography seen at various stages of the cellular inflam‐ matory response. It is concluded that the vascular changes of inflammation in the free gingiva of the species studied, precede clinical and epithelial changes.
Commercial Production of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes (2005)

It has been slightly over ten years since the development of a way to produce macroscopic quantities of fullerene, and the related discovery of fullerene nanotubes. As a result, over 1500 worldwide patents have been filed for the production and applications of these new materials. These applications are so wide ranging that they extend across different industries with products from additives to polymers, photoconductors, photo-resists, and bio-active agents to cosmetics. MER Corporation in Tucson, Arizona joined the ranks of fullerene enthusiasts at the beginning of its discovery by immediately licensing the Huffman-Krätschmer patents. While we are widely recognized as a producer of fullerene and nanotubes, MER has also been active in developing applications for fullerenes and nanotubes. The different applications investigated by MER will be reviewed in subsequent chapters. The overriding factor for the success of any of these applications, however, is the price of fullerenes. However, the price cannot come down markedly until large-scale applications are found. To introduce the first large-scale application an organization had to take a leap of faith and initiate the large-scale low-cost production. Mitsubishi/FIC Corporations has been a leader and pioneer in recognizing the need to support large-scale production effort to realize the fullerene and nano-technology commercialization dream. It is now our opportunity to realize the commercial applications. The present status of the scale-up production effort of fullerenes and the different nanotubes will be presented in this chapter.
The development and validation of a dysphagia-specific quality-of-life questionnaire for patients with head and neck cancer: the M. D. Anderson dysphagia inventory. (2001)

The MDADI is the first validated and reliable self-administered questionnaire designed specifically for evaluating the impact of dysphagia on the QOL of patients with head and neck cancer. Standardized questionnaires that measure patients' QOL offer a means for demonstrating treatment impact and improving medical care. The development and validation of the MDADI and its use in prospective clinical trials allow for better understanding of the impact of treatment of head and neck cancer on swallowing and of swallowing difficulty on patients' QOL.
When we remembered Zion (1995)

Many Latinos in the U.S. experience structural barriers to health care. Social capital and its implications for health and access to health care among this group are not well understood by researchers. This study examined associations between social capital and breast and cervical cancer screening adherence among a sample of 394 predominately Puerto Rican and Dominican women. Data were collected at baseline from Latinas attending screening education programs in Buffalo, New York and New York City in 2011-2012. Social capital was higher among Latinas who were older, better educated, insured, and spoke English. In multivariable logistic regression, a one unit increase in social capital index score was associated with greater adherence to Pap test (OR = 1.61), clinical breast exam (OR = 1.47) and mammography screening (OR = 1.50). Social capital should be further explored as a strategy to facilitate breast and cervical cancer screening among underserved Latinas.
Data stream management systems - a technology for network monitoring and traffic analysis? (2005)

Summary form only given. A new class of data-intensive applications, such as sensor networks, network traffic analysis, financial tickers, Web or telecommunications transaction log analysis, has become widely recognized. These applications require support for on-line analysis of rapidly changing data streams. However, traditional database management systems (DBMS) have no pre-defined notion of time and cannot handle data on-line (i.e., in main memory without storing the data on disk) in near real-time. Data stream management systems (DSMS) have been developed to handle transient data streams on-line and to process continuous queries on these data streams. Currently, first prototypes and systems are becoming available. The tutorial discusses the data stream model, which is the fundamental difference between a classical DBMS and a DSMS. Traffic analysis tasks are also discussed