gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plant growth models and methodologies adapted to their parameterization for the analysis of phenotypes (2013)

Les modèles de croissance de plantes cherchent à décrire la croissance de la plante en interaction avec son environnement. Idéalement, les paramètres du modèle ainsi défini doivent être stables pour une large gamme de conditions environnementales, et caractéristiques d'un génotype donné. Ils offrent ainsi des nouveaux outils d'analyse des interactions génotype X environnement et permettent d'envisager de nouvelles voies dans le processus d'amélioration génétique chez les semenciers. Malgré tout, la construction de ces modèles et leur paramétrisation restent un challenge, en particulier à cause du coût d'acquisition des données expérimentales. Dans ce contexte, le premier apport de cette thèse concerne l'étude de modèles de croissance. Pour le tournesol (Helianthus annuus L.), il s'agit du modèle SUNFLO [Lecoeur et al., 2011]. Il simule la phénologie de la plante, sa morphogenèse, sa photosynthèse, sous les contraintes de stress abiotiques. Une amélioration de ce modèle a été proposée : il s'agit du modèle SUNLAB, implémentant dans le modèle SUNFLO les fonctions d'allocation de biomasse aux organes, en utilisant les concepts sources puits du modèle GREENLAB [De Reffye et Hu, 2003]. Pour le maïs (Zea mays L.), le modèle CORNFLO, basé sur les mêmes principes que SUNFLO a également été étudié. Ces modèles permettent la différenciation entre génotypes. D'autre part, afin de paramétrer ces modèles, une méthodologie originale est conçue, adaptée au contexte de l'amélioration variétale chez les semenciers : la méthode MSPE (\multi-scenario parameter estimation") qui utilise un nombre restreint de traits expérimentaux mais dans un grand nombre de configurations environnementales pour l'estimation paramétrique par inversion de modèles. Les questions d'identifiabilité, d'analyse de sensibilité, et du choix des méthodes d'optimisation sont discutées. L'influence du nombre de scénarios sur la capacité de prévision du modèle, ainsi que sur l'erreur d'estimation est également étudiée. Enfin, il est démontré que le choix des scénarios dans des classes environnementales différentes (définies par des méthodes de classification - clustering) permet d'optimiser le processus expérimental pour la paramétrisation du modèle, en réduisant le nombre de scénarios nécessaires.
Concurrent deposition path planning and structural topology optimization for additive manufacturing (2017)

Purpose Structural performance of additively manufactured parts is deposition path-dependent because of the induced material anisotropy. Hence, this paper aims to contribute a novel idea of concurrently performing the deposition path planning and the structural topology optimization for additively manufactured parts. Design/methodology/approach The concurrent process is performed under a unified level set framework that: the deposition paths are calculated by extracting the iso-value level set contours, and the induced anisotropic material properties are accounted for by the level set topology optimization algorithm. In addition, the fixed-geometry deposition path optimization problem is studied. It is challenging because updating the zero-value level set contour cannot effectively achieve the global orientation control. To fix this problem, a level set-based multi-step method is proposed, and it is proved to be effective. Findings The proposed concurrent design method has been successfully applied to designing additively manufactured parts. The majority of the planned deposition paths well match the principle stress direction, which, to the largest extent, enhances the structural performance. For the fixed geometry problems, fast and smooth convergences have been observed. Originality/value The concurrent deposition path planning and structural topology optimization method is, for the first time, developed and effectively implemented. The fixed-geometry deposition path optimization problem is solved through a novel level set-based multi-step method.
Epithelial cell migration in the small intestine of sheep and calves. (1975)

Replacement of villous epithelium in the small intestine of sheep and calves was studied by tritiated thymidine (3-H-TdR) autoradiography. Sheep were less than 1 day old, 3 weeks old, 3 months old, or more than 1 year old, and calves were less than 1 day old or 3 months old. In both species, there was marked variation in the location of labeled epithelial cells on villi among individuals from the same age group studied at the same time after administration of a single intravenous dose of 3-H-TdR. Labeled epithelial cells were confined to the proximal half of the villi at 48 hours after thymidine exposure in the animals, except some 3-month-old individuals from both species. Labeled epithelial cells had reached or were near the tips of the villi in these individuals at 48 hours. In both species, villi were longer and crypts were shorter in the newborn animals than in the older animals. The data were interpreted to indicate that replacement times were well in excess of 48 hours in neonates from both species and decreased somewhat with age.
A Survey of Heterogeneous Information Network Analysis (2015)

Most real systems consist of a large number of interacting, multi-typed components, while most contemporary researches model them as homogeneous networks, without distinguishing different types of objects and links in the networks. Recently, more and more researchers begin to consider these interconnected, multi-typed data as heterogeneous information networks, and develop structural analysis approaches by leveraging the rich semantic meaning of structural types of objects and links in the networks. Compared to widely studied homogeneous network, the heterogeneous information network contains richer structure and semantic information, which provides plenty of opportunities as well as a lot of challenges for data mining. In this paper, we provide a survey of heterogeneous information network analysis. We will introduce basic concepts of heterogeneous information network analysis, examine its developments on different data mining tasks, discuss some advanced topics, and point out some future research directions.
Towards agile large-scale predictive modelling in drug discovery with flow-based programming design principles (2016)

Predictive modelling in drug discovery is challenging to automate as it often contains multiple analysis steps and might involve cross-validation and parameter tuning that create complex dependencies between tasks. With large-scale data or when using computationally demanding modelling methods, e-infrastructures such as high-performance or cloud computing are required, adding to the existing challenges of fault-tolerant automation. Workflow management systems can aid in many of these challenges, but the currently available systems are lacking in the functionality needed to enable agile and flexible predictive modelling. We here present an approach inspired by elements of the flow-based programming paradigm, implemented as an extension of the Luigi system which we name SciLuigi. We also discuss the experiences from using the approach when modelling a large set of biochemical interactions using a shared computer cluster.
Management of weeder geese in commercial fields (1960)

Weeding with geese has proved to be an effective and cheap means of controlling grassy annual and perennial weeds when combined with other good farming practices. From 175,000 to 200,000 geese are being used in crops in California each year; the practice has been widely accepted and has spread rapidly since geese were first used for weeding commercial fields about seven years ago.
Secure Schemes for Semi-Trusted Environment (2012)

I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. iii In recent years, two distributed system technologies have emerged: Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and cloud computing. For the former, the computers at the edge of networks share their resources, i.e., computing power, data, and network bandwidth, and obtain resources from other peers in the same community. Although this technology enables efficiency, scalability, and availability at low cost of ownership and maintenance, peers defined as “like each other ” are not wholly controlled by one another or by the same authority. In addition, resources and functionality in P2P systems depend on peer contribution, i.e., storing, computing, routing, etc. These specific aspects raise security concerns and attacks that many researchers try to address. Most solutions proposed by researchers rely on public-key certificates from an external Certificate Authority (CA) or a centralized Public Key
A synthetic and NMR conformational study of spiro cyclic quaternary ammonium salts (2002)

The preparation and NMR spectra for a range of spirocyclic mono-, bis-and tris-quaternary ammonium salts are reported. In the case of the tricyclic bis(ammonium)salt 7 a dynamic process is observed in the 13 C NMR spectrum and by means of a variable temperature study and MAS solid state NMR this isattributed to ring-inversion of central ring with the axial and equatorial C-N + carbons of the outer two rings being non-equivalent. The energy barrier for this inversion is determined to be 53.4 0.2 kJ mol -1 .
Case 50-1975 (1975)

Presentation of CaseFirst admission. A seven-week-old girl was admitted to the hospital for cardiac catheterization.She was born at full term after an uneventful primiparous pregnancy. The birth weight was 2.7 kg. Cyanosis and a heart murmur were noted at birth, and a specimen of capillary blood disclosed that the partial pressure of oxygen ranged between 35 and 45 mm Hg. On the third day of life icterus was observed; phototherapy was administered for 10 days, and the icterus disappeared. The blood group of the child was O Rh positive, and that of her mother A Rh positive. . . .
AN ANTIMALARIAL ALKALOID FROM HYDRANGEA. XVI. SYNTHESIS OF 5-, 6-, 7-, AND 8-DERIVATIVES WITH TWO DIFFERENT SUBSTITUENTS (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAN ANTIMALARIAL ALKALOID FROM HYDRANGEA. XVI. SYNTHESIS OF 5-, 6-, 7-, AND 8-DERIVATIVES WITH TWO DIFFERENT SUBSTITUENTSB. R. BAKER, JOSEPH P. JOSEPH, ROBERT E. SCHAUB, FRANCIS J. McEVOY, and JAMES H. WILLIAMSCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1952, 17, 1, 157–163Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01135a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01135a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views191Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Some Considerations on Calorific Power of Soft Heating Device (1993)

Soft heating methods for hyperthermia are inductive heating methods utilizing the iron loss of temperature-sensitive magnetic materials, with the maximum temperature controlled through the Curie temperature of the material. The heating seeds are temperature-sensitive amorphous metal flakes composed of Fe-P-C-Cr. In this paper, considerations relating to the calorific power of temperature-sensitive amorphous metal flakes are described, with a view to embedding such heating devices in tissue for use in clinical applications.
Knowledge Discovery in Database (1999)

Basic conception of knowledge discovery in database and data mining are provided. The realization of knowledge discovery in database is also presented correspondingly. These ideas can be used in many kinds of knowledge discovery in database.
Crack propagation and fracture in silicon wafers under thermal stress (2013)

The behaviour of microcracks in silicon during thermal annealing has been studied using <i>in situ</i> X-ray diffraction imaging. Initial cracks are produced with an indenter at the edge of a conventional Si wafer, which was heated under temperature gradients to produce thermal stress. At temperatures where Si is still in the brittle regime, the strain may accumulate if a microcrack is pinned. If a critical value is exceeded either a new or a longer crack will be formed, which results with high probability in wafer breakage. The strain reduces most efficiently by forming (<i>hhl</i>) or (<i>hkl</i>) crack planes of high energy instead of the expected low-energy cleavage planes like {111}. Dangerous cracks, which become active during heat treatment and may shatter the whole wafer, can be identified from diffraction images simply by measuring the geometrical dimensions of the strain-related contrast around the crack tip. Once the plastic regime at higher temperature is reached, strain is reduced by generating dislocation loops and slip bands and no wafer breakage occurs. There is only a small temperature window within which crack propagation is possible during rapid annealing.
Simultaneous Iterative Water-Filling for Gaussian Frequency-Selective Interference Channels (2006)

The sequential iterative water-filling algorithm (IWFA) proposed by Yu et al. is by now a popular low-complexity algorithm to compute the Nash equilibrium point of the power allocation game in a Gaussian frequency-selective multiuser interference channel. The algorithm is based on a distributed sequential updating where, at each iteration, the users choose their power allocation, one after the other. However, this sequential updating strategy may slow down its convergence time excessively when the number of users is high. In this paper, we propose an alternative distributed algorithm, called simultaneous iterative water-filling algorithm (SIWFA), where at each iteration, all the users update their power allocations simultaneously, rather than sequentially. This reduces the convergence time considerably, specially when the number of users is large. Our main contribution is to provide a unified set of sufficient conditions for the convergence of both IWFA and SIWFA, that are less stringent than those known in the literature for IWFA. These conditions guarantee the convergence of both algorithms also in the presence of spectral mask constraints imposed on the power allocations of the users
Cancer/testis antigens for therapeutic use. (2009)

Since van der Bruggen and colleagues first identified specific human tumour-associated antigens of the MAGE family, numerous potential immunotherapeutic targets have been discovered, often belonging to the so-called cancer/ testis gene family. Several members of this group have been described as immunogenic and have been utilised in clinical trials. In a search for interesting targets within this family, our laboratory has focussed its works for a number of years on two novel cancer/testis antigens called T21 and HAGE. In this article, we will focus our discussion on their levels of expression in a wide variety of both normal and cancer tissues, their possible role in tumour cell development and proliferation, and their immunogenic potential.
Targeting ligand-operated chaperone sigma-1 receptors in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders (2011)

The advances in sigma receptor research in the last decade have begun to elucidate the intracellular signal cascades upstream and downstream of sigma-1 receptors. The novel ligand-operated properties of the sigma-1 receptor chaperone may enable interventions by which stress-related cellular systems can be pharmacologically controlled.
Nonclinical evaluation of the combination of mouse IL-21 and anti- mouse CTLA-4 or PD-1 blocking antibodies in mouse tumor models. (2013)

3019 Background: Interleukin 21 (IL-21), a γc chain family cytokine, is produced primarily by CD4+ T cells and has many effects on immune cells, including enhancing CD8+ T cell and NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. Recombinant IL-21 (rIL-21) therapy resulted in objective responses in ~20% of melanoma and renal cell carcinoma patients. In mouse models, monoclonal antibody (mAb) blockade of CTLA-4 prolongs antigen-specific T cell responses, while blockade of programmed death 1 (PD-1) reverses tumor induced T cell suppression. Ipilimumab, a CTLA-4 blocking mAb, significantly improved overall survival in patients with metastatic melanoma in 2 phase III trials, and in phase I studies a PD-1 blocking mAb (nivolumab) has antitumor activity in various cancers. Side effect profiles for each mAb have been related to their mechanism and are generally manageable. It was hypothesized that combination of IL-21 plus CTLA-4 or PD-1 blockade may enhance antitumor responses, potentially leading to improved clinical activity. Methods: Preclinical studies were conducted to test the antitumor activity of mouse IL-21 (mIL-21) in combination with an anti-mouse PD-1 (mPD-1) mAb (4H2-IgG1) or with an anti-mCTLA-4 blocking mAb (9D9-IgG2b) in syngeneic mouse tumor models, including MC38, CT-26, EMT-6, and B16F10. mIL-21 was tested at doses ranging from 50-200 μg/dose, administered up to 3d/wk. mCTLA-4 mAb or mPD-1 mAb were administered 3-4x total at 200-300 μg/dose. Results: Combination treatments produced enhanced antitumor activity vs. monotherapy. In the MC38 model, mIL-21 treatment led to 30% median tumor growth inhibition (TGI) by d29, while mPD-1 mAb produced 60% median TGI and 1/10 tumor-free mice. Combination of both agents led to synergistic antitumor activity, with complete regressions (CR) in 7/10 mice and 99.9% median TGI (p=0.046). CTLA-4 mAb + mIL-21 also produced synergistic activity in the MC38 model. By d21, mIL-21 monotherapy induced 34% TGI while CTLA-4 mAb resulted in 28% TGI, with no CR in either group. Combination resulted in 6/8 mice with CR and 86% TGI (p<0.05). Conclusions: These results support the use of rIL-21+nivolumab and rIL-21+ipilimumab in recently initiated clinical trials.
Resin Acids. IX. Cationic Cyclization of Pimaric Acid Derivatives. Partial Synthesis of (—)-Hibaene<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTResin Acids. IX. Cationic Cyclization of Pimaric Acid Derivatives. Partial Synthesis of (—)-Hibaene1Werner Herz, A. K. Pinder, and R. N. MirringtonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 7, 2257–2265Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01345a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01345a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nondestructive test determines overload destruction characteristics of current limiter fuses (1968)

Nondestructive test predicts the time required for current limiters to blow /open the circuit/ when subjected to a given overload. The test method is based on an empirical relationship between the voltage rise across a current limiter for a fixed time interval and the time to blow.
Techniques for Mercury Control and Measurement in Gasification Systems (2010)

A major concern for power systems that use coal as an energy source is the air emissions from the plant. Although certain air emissions are currently regulated, the emergence of new regulations for other pollutants are on the horizon. Based on an earlier 1998 Report to Congress, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in December 2000 announced its finding that regulation of mercury
Use of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Molecular Epidemiologic and Population Genetic Studies of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (1999)

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is a powerful molecular biology technique which has provided important insights into the epidemiology and population biology of many pathogens. However, few studies have used PFGE for the molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A laboratory protocol was developed to determine the typeability, stability, and reproducibility of PFGE typing of M. tuberculosis. Formal data-analytical techniques were used to assess the genetic diversity elucidated by PFGE analyses using four separate restriction enzymes and by IS6110 RFLP analyses, as well as to assess the concordance among these typing methods. One hundred epidemiologically characterized clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis were genotyped with four different PFGE enzymes (AseI, DraI, SpeI, and XbaI), as well as by RFLP analysis with IS6110. Identical patterns were found among 34 isolates known to be genetically related, suggesting that the PFGE protocol is robust and reproducible. Among 66 isolates representing population-sampled cases, heterozygosity and information content dependency estimates indicate that all five genotyping systems capture quantitatively similar levels of genetic diversity. Nevertheless, comparisons between PFGE analyses and IS6110 typing reveals that PFGE provided more discrimination among isolates with fewer than five copies of IS6110 and less clustering in isolates with five or more copies. The comparisons confirm the hypothesis that the resolution of IS6110 RFLP genotyping is dependent upon the number of IS6110 elements in the genome of isolates. The general concordance among the results obtained with four independent enzymes suggests that M. tuberculosis is a clonal organism. The availability of a robust genotyping technique largely independent of repetitive elements has implications for the molecular epidemiology of M. tuberculosis.