gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CARBON BLACK (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCARBON BLACKGodfrey L Cabot, Columbian Carbon, United Carbon, and Phillips PetroleumCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1960, 52, 11, 25A–26APublication Date (Print):November 1, 1960Publication History Published online18 May 2012Published inissue 1 November 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i650611a716https://doi.org/10.1021/i650611a716research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1960 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views471Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
PPP: Joint Pointwise and Pairwise Image Label Prediction (2016)

Pointwise label and pairwise label are both widely used in computer vision tasks. For example, supervised image classification and annotation approaches use pointwise label, while attribute-based image relative learning often adopts pairwise labels. These two types of labels are often considered independently and most existing efforts utilize them separately. However, pointwise labels in image classification and tag annotation are inherently related to the pairwise labels. For example, an image labeled with "coast" and annotated with "beach, sea, sand, sky" is more likely to have a higher ranking score in terms of the attribute "open", while "men shoes" ranked highly on the attribute "formal" are likely to be annotated with "leather, lace up" than "buckle, fabric". The existence of potential relations between pointwise labels and pairwise labels motivates us to fuse them together for jointly addressing related vision tasks. In particular, we provide a principled way to capture the relations between class labels, tags and attributes, and propose a novel framework PPP(Pointwise and Pairwise image label Prediction), which is based on overlapped group structure extracted from the pointwise-pairwise-label bipartite graph. With experiments on benchmark datasets, we demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves superior performance on three vision tasks compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Haloheteroaromatic Compounds in Water (2007)

Palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of π-deficient heteroaromatic halide in water was accomplished with excellent to good yields without any side reactions such as hydrolysis.The use of water as a solvent in organic synthesis is helpful from the viewpoint of protection of the environment and reduction of chemical resources; water is a non-toxic and cheap material.Recently, organic reactions in aqueous media have been developed worldwide. 1,24][5] Similarly, ethynylheteroaromatics are prepared by the reaction of haloheteroaromatics with acetylene derivatives in the presence of a palladium complex in organic solvent.For example, the coupling reaction of bromopyridines with phenylacetylene proceed to give phenylethynylpyridines in toluene as a solvent. 6though the palladium-catalyzed reaction of haloaromatics (halobenzenes and halonaphthalenes) in water was already reported by Bhattacharya, 7 the reaction of π-deficient haloheteroaromatics has not been reported.It is well known that π-deficient nitrogen-containing heteroaromatics such as azines or diazines are reactive with nucleophiles.For example, π-deficient nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic halides react with carbanions, amines, or alkoxides to give the corresponding nucleophile-substituted π-deficient nitrogen-containing heteroaromatics by an addition-elimination mechanism. 8,9Thus, in palladium-catalyzed alkynylation of π-deficient nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic halides in water, an undesired reaction such as hydrolysis may occur whereas the coupling reaction in organic solvents is reported. 10In this paper we wish to report the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of HETEROCYCLES, Vol.72, 2007
The expression of the Photinus pyralis luciferase gene in Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I allows the development of a live amplifiable tool for immunodetection (1996)

We expressed the luc gene, encoding luciferase from Photinus pyralis, in Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I downstream of the plasmid-borne promoter for protein A. Constitutive luciferase synthesis did not impair the growth rate of the host nor did it affect the stability of the plasmid. Light production started immediately after addition of luciferin. The kinetic profile is of the glowing rather than the peak type. Because S. aureus Cowan I produces large quantities of protein A, of which a substantial part becomes covalently attached to rigid cell walls, the bacterial cells could be specifically immobilized on a substrate to which immunoglobulin G molecules were adsorbed either directly or as secondary antibodies. Light production from these cells can be used as a reporter tool for the detection of antigen-antibody complexes. Fourfold amplifications of the emitted signals were obtained by in situ incubation of the bound cells in bacterial growth medium.
47.2: Luminance Management for Seamless Multi‐Projector Displays (2005)

Abstract Multi‐projector displays exhibit severe luminance variation. Matching luminance at every pixel to the pixel with most limited luminance range leads to severe degradation in the dynamic range of the display, rendering it practically useless. We present a new optimization technique to manage the luminance in a smooth constraint manner to maintain a perceptual seamlessness while improving the dynamic range of the display dramatically.
The Problem of the Eoliths (1913)

The fullest credit must be given to our members, Mr. Reid Moir, F.G.S., and Mr. S. Hazzledine Warren, F.G.S. (and others also) for their efforts to solve this problem by experiment. This is obviously the right line to adopt, but, after all, experiments (including my own, for I have been experimenting for years on similar lines) are only proof that (given suitable conditions) the sharp edges of split flints will chip under “Force,” whether this is applied by Nature or Man. Experiments can prove the difference between the results of the forces of “Percussion” and “Pressure”: but it is doubtful, in my opinion, if it can be proved by experiments whether Nature or Man has applied the force, as the same forces are used by both Nature and Man, the only difference being the intensity with which the force has been used and the way that force has been applied.
RF NEMS based on carbon nanotubes and graphene (2008)

This paper presents RF-NEMS devices (resonators, oscillators and switches) for microwave applications based on carbon nanotube and graphene. We have demonstrated that innovative and cost-effective devices with good performances can be produced combining the NEMS principles and microwave techniques.
Low Temperature Synthesis of Insertion Oxides for Lithium Batteries (1998)

The increasing demand for portable electronic devices has created significant activity in the development of compact lightweight batteries of high-energy density, and lithium batteries have become attractive in this regard. The commercial lithium cells use lithium cobalt oxide cathodes and the high cost and toxicity of cobalt has prompted the design and synthesis of alternate insertion hosts. Several low-temperature synthesis routes have been pursued during the past few years both to improve the properties of known oxide hosts as well as to access new insertion oxides, particularly metastable phases. This review, after providing a brief background to lithium batteries, lithium insertion compounds, and lithium ion batteries, presents the low-temperature synthesis and electrochemical properties of manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron, vanadium, chromium, titanium, molybdenum, and tin oxides. The use of soft chemistry methods such as sol−gel processing, ion-exchange reactions, hydrothermal reactions, and oxidation−reduction reactions in solutions to obtain oxide hosts are presented.
Back Cover: Total Synthesis of Astellatol (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 13/2018) (2018)

Chinese paper cutting is a long-standing tradition, and is often used to decorate doors and windows during the Spring Festival. The Chinese character 福 means blessing and happiness, and the character 春 means spring. With this backdrop, J. Xu et al. present in their Communication on page 3386 ff., the first enantiospecific synthesis for a three-decade-old synthetic challenge, astellatol.
Ti O 2 single-crystalline nanorod electrode for quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (2005)

Ti O 2 single-crystalline nanorods are prepared from electrospun fibers which are composed of nanofibrils with an islands-in-a-sea morphology. The mechanical pressure produces each fibril into nanorods which are converted to anatase single crystals after calcination. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy shows that the (001) plane is growing along the longitudinal direction of the rod. In this work, the nanorod electrode provides the efficient photocurrent generation in a quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell using highly viscous poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)-based gel electrolytes. The overall conversion efficiency of the TiO2 nanorods shows 6.2% under 100mW∕cm2 (AM 1.5G) illumination.
Amyloid-β precursor protein promotes cell proliferation and motility of advanced breast cancer (2014)

The present data strongly suggest that the increase of APP expression is causally linked to tumorigenicity as well as invasion of aggressive breast cancer and, therefore, the targeting of APP may be an effective therapy for breast cancer.
Optimal zone boundaries for two-class-based compact three-dimensional automated storage and retrieval systems (2009)

Compact, multi-deep three-dimensional (3D), Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS) are becoming more common, due to new technologies, lower investment costs, time efficiency and compact size. Decision-making research on these systems is still in its infancy. This paper studies a particular compact system with rotating conveyors for the depth movement and a Storage/Retrieval (S/R) machine for the horizontal and vertical movement of unit loads. The optimal storage zone boundaries are determined for this system with two product classes: high- and low-turnover, by minimizing the expected S/R machine travel time. We formulate a mixed-integer non-linear programming model to determine the zone boundaries. A decomposition algorithm and a one-dimensional search scheme are developed to solve the model. The algorithm is complex, but the results are appealing since most of them are in closed-form and easy to apply to optimally layout the 3D AS/RS rack. The results show that the S/R machine travel time is significantly influenced by the zone dimensions, zone sizes and ABC curve skewness (presenting turnover patterns of different products). The presented results are compared with those under random storage and it is shown that significant reductions of the machine travel time are obtainable by using class-based storage. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of IIE Transactions for the following free supplemental resource: Appendix]
Analytical Performance of a Miniature Cylindrical Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (2002)

The analytical performance of a fieldable cylindrical ion trap (CIT)-based miniature mass spectrometer is described. A detailed description of the instrument itself is to be found in the immediately preceding paper (Patterson, G. E.; Guymon, A. J.; Riter, L S.; Everly, M.; Griep-Raming, J.; Laughlin, B. C.; Ouyang, Z.; Cooks, R. G., Miniature Cylindrical Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer, Anal. Chem. 2002, 24, 6145-6153). Applications employing the MS/MS and MSn capabilities of the miniature instrument and analytical performance criteria are given here. The limit of detection for methyl salicylate, introduced as the pure vapor, is estimated as 1 pg. The resolution, R = m/delta m, where delta m, measured as full width at half-maximum, is estimated as 100. Monitoring of organic compounds in air is performed using a permeation membrane introduction device coupled to the mass spectrometer. Water monitoring is performed using an external membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) system, with acetophenone and toluene serving as model compounds. Data are given for chemical warfare agent simulants, methyl salicylate, and dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) in air. On-line detection of menthol vapor emitted from a cough drop is reported. Methyl salicylate in air gives a recognizable mass spectrum at 400 ppb in the ambient system, while use of a heated membrane brings the detection limit down to 10 ppb.
Feature-Rich Part-of-speech Tagging for Morphologically Complex Languages: Application to Bulgarian (2019)

We present experiments with part-of-speech tagging for Bulgarian, a Slavic language with rich inflectional and derivational morphology. Unlike most previous work, which has used a small number of grammatical categories, we work with 680 morpho-syntactic tags. We combine a large morphological lexicon with prior linguistic knowledge and guided learning from a POS-annotated corpus, achieving accuracy of 97.98%, which is a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art for Bulgarian.
Facile Syntheses of Unsolvated UI<sub>3</sub>and Tetramethylcyclopentadienyl Uranium Halides (2005)

In the course of comparing the reaction chemistry of (C5Me5)3U, 1, and its slightly less crowded analogue (C5Me4H)3U, 2, new syntheses of UI3, (C5Me4H)3U, (C5Me4H)3UCl, 3, and (C5Me5)3UCl, 4, have been developed. Additionally, (C5Me4H)3UI, 5, and (C5Me4H)2UCl2, 6, have been identified for the first time. A facile synthesis of unsolvated UI3 is reported that proceeds in high yield with inexpensive equipment from iodine and hot uranium turnings. Both UI3 and UI3(THF)4 react with KC5Me4H in toluene to make unsolvated (C5Me4H)3U in higher yield than in previous reports that involve reduction of tetravalent (C5Me4H)3UCl, 3. A more atom-efficient synthesis of complex 3 is also reported that proceeds from reduction of t-BuCl, PhCl, or HgCl2 by 2. Similarly, (C5Me4H)3U reacts with PhI or HgI2 to generate (C5Me4H)3UI. These studies also provided a basis to improve the synthesis of (C5Me5)3UCl from 1 by employing t-BuCl or HgCl2 as the halide source. Like (C5Me5)3UCl, the (C5Me4H)3UCl complex reacts with HgCl2 to form (C5Me4H)2 and (C5Me4H)2UCl2, 6, but unlike (C5Me5)3UX (X = Cl or I), the less substituted (C5Me4H)3UX complexes do not reduce t-BuCl or PhX. The synthesis of 6 from (C5Me4H)MgCl x THF and UCl4 is also included.
Self‐Organization of a Chiral <scp>D</scp>‐EAK16 Designer Peptide into a 3D Nanofiber Scaffold (2008)

Self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds are an excellent material for applications such as tissue repair, tissue regeneration, instant stopping of bleeding, and slow drug release. We report a new self-assembling peptide D-EAK16 consisting purely of D-amino acids. D-EAK16 and L-EAK16 display mirror-image CD spectra at 20 degrees C. Like L-EAK16, D-EAK16 self-assembles into nanofibers, thus demonstrating that chiral self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds can be made from both L- and D-amino acids. We also show that D-peptide nanofibers are resistant to natural proteases and may thus be useful in biotechnology, nanobiotechnology, tissue repair and tissue regeneration as well as other medical applications.
Sutureless skin closure for pacemaker implantation: comparison with subcuticular suture (1983)

In 51 patients undergoing pacemaker implantation a trial was carried out to compare the results of sutureless skin closure using a new product (Op-Site skin closures) with skin closure using a continuous subcuticular absorbable (Dexon) suture. Incisions closed with Op-Site skin closures healed as well as those closed with subcuticular suture but were associated with less frequent and less extensive erythema around the skin edges one week after the procedure. They were quicker, simpler and cheaper to apply than the suture material used in this study.
Interaction of amelogenin with hydroxyapatite crystals: An adherence effect through amelogenin molecular self-association (1998)

At the secretory stage of tooth enamel formation the majority of the organic matrix is composed of amelogenin proteins that are believed to provide the scaffolding for the initial carbonated hydroxyapatite crystals to grow. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the interaction between amelogenins and growing apatite crystals. Two in vitro strategies were used: first, we examined the influence of amelogenins as compared to two other macromolecules, on the kinetics of seeded growth of apatite crystals; second, using transmission electron micrographs of the crystal powders, based on a particle size distribution study, we evaluated the effect of the macromolecules on the aggregation of growing apatite crystals. Two recombinant amelogenins (rM179, rM166), the synthetic leucine-rich amelogenin polypeptide (LRAP), poly(L-proline), and phosvitin were used. It was shown that the rM179 amelogenin had some inhibitory effect on the kinetics of calcium hydroxyapatite seeded growth. The inhibitory effect, however, was not as destructive as that of other macromolecules tested. The degree of inhibition of the macromolecules was in the order of phosvitin > LRAP > poly(L-proline) > rM179 > rM166. Analysis of particle size distribution of apatite crystal aggregates indicated that the full-length amelogenin protein (rM179) caused aggregation of the growing apatite crystals more effectively than other macromolecules. We propose that during the formation of hydroxyapatite crystal clusters, the growing apatite crystals adhere to each other through the molecular self-association of interacting amelogenin molecules. The biological implications of this adherence effect with respect to enamel biomineralization are discussed.
Power distribution architecture for tele- and data communication system based on new generation intermediate bus converter (2008)

Paper addresses new advances in intermediate bus architecture in its historical perspective as further improvement of distributed power system for tele- and data communication equipment. The modern requirements to intermediate bus converter and its design challenges are addressed in details. Experimental data for bus converter using advanced control approach are provided.
Fat distribution evaluated by computed tomography and metabolic abnormalities in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy: preliminary results of the LIPOCO* study (2000)

These preliminary results suggest that three major types of fat distribution abnormalities may occur in isolation or in association in HIV-infected patients undergoing active antiretroviral therapy: a fat depletion or 'lipoatrophy' syndrome which might be related to the use of stavudine; a mixed or fat redistribution syndrome related to an unusual side-product of effective virus control; and a subcutaneous adiposity syndrome reflecting increase in caloric intake.
Cancer Cell Membrane Camouflaged Nanoparticles to Realize Starvation Therapy Together with Checkpoint Blockades for Enhancing Cancer Therapy (2019)

Although anti-PD-1 immunotherapy is widely used to treat melanoma, its efficacy still has to be improved. In this work, we present a therapeutic method that combines immunotherapy and starvation therapy to achieve better antitumor efficacy. We designed the CMSN-GOx method, in which mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are loaded with glucose oxidase (GOx) and then encapsulate the surfaces of cancer cell membranes to realize starvation therapy. By functionalizing the MSN's biomimetic surfaces, we can synthesize nanoparticles that can escape the host immune system and homologous target. These attributes enable the nanoparticles to have improved cancer targeting ability and enrichment in tumor tissues. Our synthetic CMSN-GOx complex can ablate tumors and induce dendritic cell maturity to stimulate an antitumor immune response. We performed an in vivo analysis of these nanoparticles and determined that our combined therapy CMSN-GOx plus PD-1 exhibits a better antitumor therapeutic effect than therapies using CMSN-GOx or PD-1 alone. Additionally, we used the positron emission tomography imaging to measuring the level of glucose metabolism in tumor tissues, for which we investigate the effect with the cancer therapy in vivo.
BEHAVIOUR OF UNDERWATER SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE (2012)

Antiwashout underwater concrete AWA may be considered for use in a diverse range of work underwater, where its excellent characteristics are of great advantage. Underwater concrete Anti-washout admixture (SIKAMENT 100 SC) is water soluble organic polymers, which increase the cohesion of the concrete in a way, that significantly reduces the washout of the finer particles, i.e. the cementinious material (cement and silica fume) and sand from fresh concrete when it is placed underwater. Researches for underwater concrete are commonly studied but the common mixes of SCC are rarely investigated underwater. In this research, about 50 mixes of normal concrete NC and self compacting concrete SCC were prepared, in order to study the behaviour of under water SCC compared to NC using antiwashout admixtures (SEKAMENT 100 SC) Some parameters were studied such as AWA%, cement content, water cementitious ratio, coarse to fine aggregate ratio, and superplastisizer percent, in order to study the behavior of underwater SCC by measuring washout and out water/underwater minimum relative compressive strength to be added to the guidelines of underwater concrete applications. Optimum values of some AWA components have been clarified; including cement content, water cementitious ratio, sand to aggregate ratio, and superplastisizer percentage.
39.3: Mirror Displays Based on AMOLEDs and Transflective Mirror Designs (2012)

Abstract The mirror displays, with good quality of both reflected and emitted images, was successfully demonstrated based on AMOLED and transflective mirror designs. Considering both function of mirror and display, the fully covered mirror design shows the best compromise as confirmed from the real panel performance and optical simulation.
Human cytomegalovirus IE1 and IE2 proteins are mutagenic and mediate “hit-and-run” oncogenic transformation in cooperation with the adenovirus E1A proteins (1997)

Some epidemiological studies have suggested a possible link between human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and various malignancies, and HCMV has been shown to transform cultured cells. However, viral DNA is not detected in most transformants, and the mechanism by which HCMV might contribute to oncogenesis has remained obscure. Here we show that the HCMV immediate early 1 and 2 genes can cooperate with the adenovirus E1A gene to generate transformed foci of primary baby rat kidney cells. HCMV gene expression is transient and viral DNA is not present in clonal cell lines derived from the transformed foci. We find that the HCMV immediate early proteins are mutagenic, and we propose that HCMV has the potential to contribute to oncogenesis through a "hit-and-run" mechanism, by inducing mutations in cellular genes.