gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Taxonomy for Spatiotemporal Connectionist Networks Revisited: The Unsupervised Case (2003)

Spatiotemporal connectionist networks (STCNs) comprise an important class of neural models that can deal with patterns distributed in both time and space. In this article, we widen the application domain of the taxonomy for supervised STCNs recently proposed by Kremer (2001) to the unsupervised case. This is possible through a reinterpretation of the state vector as a vector of latent (hidden) variables, as proposed by Meinicke (2000). The goal of this generalized taxonomy is then to provide a nonlinear generative framework for describing unsupervised spatiotemporal networks, making it easier to compare and contrast their representational and operational characteristics. Computational properties, representational issues, and learning are also discussed, and a number of references to the relevant source publications are provided. It is argued that the proposed approach is simple and more powerful than the previous attempts from a descriptive and predictive viewpoint. We also discuss the relation of this taxonomy with automata theory and state-space modeling and suggest directions for further work.
An observer for the estimation of synchronous generator damper currents for use in parameter identification (2003)

The main objective of this letter is to design an observer for synchronous machine damper currents. The observer is used in a parameter estimator to identify synchronous machine parameters from online measurements. Possible internal machine fault conditions can be detected and remedial action can be undertaken.
Proteins Required for Lipopolysaccharide Assembly in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Form a Transenvelope Complex (2010)

The viability of Gram-negative organisms is dependent on the proper placement of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer leaflet of its outer membrane. LPS is synthesized inside the cell and transported to the surface by seven essential lipopolysaccharide transport (Lpt) proteins. How these proteins cooperate to transport LPS is unknown. We show that these Lpt proteins can be found in a membrane fraction that contains inner and outer membranes and that they copurify. This constitutes the first evidence that the Lpt proteins form a transenvelope complex. We suggest that this protein bridge provides a route for LPS transport across the cell envelope.
Transient analysis of lossy multiconductor transmission lines model based by the characteristics method (2011)

In this paper, we will present a low losses multiconductor transmission lines model valid both in the time and the frequency domains. This model is an extension of the characteristics method (Branin method) valid for lossless lines. Our model permits to describe the line as a quadripole whose advantage is to avoid the presupposed applied charges conditions in its extremes. This permits it to be easily introduced in the circuit simulators such as Spice, Esacap and Saber, and it is valid both in time and frequency domains. Diverse examples of applications products by the literature are presented to validate these method and to show their interests.
Targeting HER2+ breast cancer: the TBK1/IKK-Epsilon axis (2014)

HER2(+) breast cancer (BC) is a highly aggressive subtype, affecting ~20% of BC patients. Current treatments include adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus anti-HER2 agents such as trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against HER2. Despite improvement in disease free survival, most patients eventually succumb to metastatic disease, which is largely incurable. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify novel drugs that can efficiently kill HER2(+) BC and/or potentiate the effect of existing anti-HER2 therapies. We performed a lenti-viral shRNA kinome screen on non-adherent mouse Her2/Neu tumorspheres and identified TBK1, a non-canonical IκB kinase (IKK), as the most potent target [1]. TBK1 knock-down, or treatment with TBK1-II, a drug that efficiently inhibits TBK1 and its close relative IKKε (IKBKE), suppressed growth of human HER2(+) BC cells and induced cellular senescence. Senescence was associated with inhibition of phosphorylated/active p65-NFkB and induction of the cell cycle inhibitor, p16(ink4a). In addition, TBK1-II cooperated with lapatinib, a EGFR/HER2 inhibitor, to accelerate apoptosis in vitro and suppress tumor growth in a xenograft model of HER2(+) BC. Thus, TBK1/IKKε inhibitors may improve treatment of HER2(+) BC in cooperation with anti-HER2 therapy.
Representation, Approximation and Learning of Submodular Functions Using Low-rank Decision Trees (2013)

We study the complexity of approximate representation and learning of submodular functions over the uniform distribution on the Boolean hypercube $\{0,1\}^n$. Our main result is the following structural theorem: any submodular function is $ε$-close in $\ell_2$ to a real-valued decision tree (DT) of depth $O(1/ε^2)$. This immediately implies that any submodular function is $ε$-close to a function of at most $2^{O(1/ε^2)}$ variables and has a spectral $\ell_1$ norm of $2^{O(1/ε^2)}$. It also implies the closest previous result that states that submodular functions can be approximated by polynomials of degree $O(1/ε^2)$ (Cheraghchi et al., 2012). Our result is proved by constructing an approximation of a submodular function by a DT of rank $4/ε^2$ and a proof that any rank-$r$ DT can be $ε$-approximated by a DT of depth $\frac{5}{2}(r+\log(1/ε))$. We show that these structural results can be exploited to give an attribute-efficient PAC learning algorithm for submodular functions running in time $\tilde{O}(n^2) \cdot 2^{O(1/ε^{4})}$. The best previous algorithm for the problem requires $n^{O(1/ε^{2})}$ time and examples (Cheraghchi et al., 2012) but works also in the agnostic setting. In addition, we give improved learning algorithms for a number of related settings. We also prove that our PAC and agnostic learning algorithms are essentially optimal via two lower bounds: (1) an information-theoretic lower bound of $2^{Ω(1/ε^{2/3})}$ on the complexity of learning monotone submodular functions in any reasonable model; (2) computational lower bound of $n^{Ω(1/ε^{2/3})}$ based on a reduction to learning of sparse parities with noise, widely-believed to be intractable. These are the first lower bounds for learning of submodular functions over the uniform distribution.
Peter W. Edbury, The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191–1374 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991). Pp. 256. (1993)

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SOLA: lightweight security for access control in IEEE 802.11 (2004)

The IEEE 802.11 wireless standard provides little support for secure access control. As a result, access control in IEEE 802.11 on a per packet basis requires a new and robust identity authentication protocol. The SOLA (Statistical One-Bit Lightweight Authentication) protocol is well suited in a wireless constrained environment because this protocol's communication overhead is extremely low: only one bit. Furthermore, SOLA fulfills the requirements of being secure, useful, cheap, and robust. The synchronization algorithm performs very well. SOLA also makes it easy to develop a framework to detect and respond to, for instance, denial-of-service attacks or an adversary who tries to guess the identity authentication bit for successive packets.
Disposal of Solid Wastes from the Paper Industry Using a CHTC-based Technology: Optimization of the Treatment Conditions (2006)

In a previous study, we explored the feasibility of applying the catalytic hydrothermal conversion (CHTC) technique in treating organic wastes from pulp and paper mills. In the present study, we focus on optimization of the conversion process based on sludge and process rejects of a wastepaper-based whiteboard mill. Under a 70% moisture content, heating to a reaction temperature of 750℃ with 10 g of oven-dry (o.d.) sludge, an equal part heating medium (sericite) and ~5% sodium carbonate catalyst produced 61% hydrogen in the flue gas (syngas) for a total hydrogen yield of 3770 mL. Under the best conditions, the same quantity of coarse-particle process rejects, on the other hand, produced 42% hydrogen in the syngas for a total hydrogen yield of 3173 mL. The ANOVA results of a 2^4 factorial design using solid waste particle size, catalyst dosage, heating medium amount, and reaction temperature as variables indicated that the interactions of heating medium amount and temperature in both the sludge and process reject groups were statistically the most significant. This reflects the importance of heat conduction efficiency in the current reactor design and the need to improve future scale-ups. The main effects of the catalyst and heating medium were both positive, suggesting that the choices for the current experiments were effective. The particle size and reaction temperature factors exhibited opposite effects in the sludge and process reject groups, probably reflecting variations in organic species and contents in the 2 groups.
The Case for RodentStore, an Adaptive, Declarative Storage System (2009)

Recent excitement in the database community surrounding new applications?analytic, scientific, graph, geospatial, etc.?has led to an explosion in research on database storage systems. New storage systems are vital to the database community, as they are at the heart of making database systems perform well in new application domains. Unfortunately, each such system also represents a substantial engineering effort including a great deal of duplication of mechanisms for features such as transactions and caching. In this paper, we make the case for RodentStore, an adaptive and declarative storage system providing a high-level interface for describing the physical representation of data. Specifically, RodentStore uses a declarative storage algebra whereby administrators (or database design tools) specify how a logical schema should be grouped into collections of rows, columns, and/or arrays, and the order in which those groups should be laid out on disk. We describe the key operators and types of our algebra, outline the general architecture of RodentStore, which interprets algebraic expressions to generate a physical representation of the data, and describe the interface between RodentStore and other parts of a database system, such as the query optimizer and executor. We provide a case study of the potential use of RodentStore in representing dense geospatial data collected from a mobile sensor network, showing the ease with which different storage layouts can be expressed using some of our algebraic constructs and the potential performance gains that a RodentStore-built storage system can offer.
Control of diseases and insect pests in the vineyard. (1950)

Describes the characteristics of the various diseases and insect pests of the vine which exist in NZ and prescribes measures of control.
Delay Coupled Oscillators for Frequency Tuning of Solid-State Terahertz Sources (2012)

We present a solid-state tunable terahertz source that exploits the theory of coupled oscillators to simultaneously achieve high output power and frequency tuning. Our proposed structure effectively generates and combines high power harmonics from multiple synchronized solid-state oscillators in a loop configuration. We study the dynamics of the system, find the stable modes, and show how the structure can dynamically select a desired coupling mode. Using this method, we fabricated 0.29 and 0.32 THz tunable sources with peak output powers of 0.76 and 0.5 mW both in a standard 65 nm bulk complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology. This power level is around 10,000 times larger than the state of the art which demonstrates that the proposed concept achieves significantly higher output power for a given solid-state process.
CVD Mn-based self-formed barrier for advanced interconnect technology (2013)

CVD Mn-based self-formed barrier (SFB) has been evaluated and integrated for reliability and RC delay assessment. Intrinsic TDDB lifetimes were extracted from planar capacitor measurement. A comparable lifetime as the TaN/Ta reference was obtained on SiO2 and porous low-k with a thin oxide liner. Good reliability performance was demonstrated after integration. Compared to conventional barrier, significant RC reduction (up to 45% at 40nm half pitch) and lower via resistance which become more beneficial upon scaling present CVD Mn-based SFB as an attractive candidate for future interconnect technology.
CCLXXXVI.—Aromatic sulphonyl fluorides. A convenient method of preparation (1931)

W. Davies and J. H. Dick, J. Chem. Soc., 1931, 2104 DOI: 10.1039/JR9310002104
Industrial Refrigeration Handbook (1998)

Preface. The Field of Industrial Refrigeration. Properties, Cycles and Units. Multistage Systems. Reciprocating Compressors. Screw Compressors. Evaporators--Air Coils and Liquid Chillers. Condensers. Liquid Recirculation. Refrigerant Piping. Vessels. Valves and Refrigerant Controls. Refrigerants. Safety. Electrical Control and Instrumentation. Lubrication and Oil Handling. Conservation, Reclaim, and Storage of Energy. The Refrigeration and Freezing of Food. Refrigeration Load Calculations. Refrigerated Structures. Secondary Coolants--Brines and Antifreezes. Refrigeration Below --40 Degree.
Natural peptides and their analogs. XXXV. Synthesis and properties of (Ala/sup 5/, Orn/sup 9/)somatostatin (1986)

The synthesis has been performed of a new structural analog of somatostatin in which Asp/sup 5/ and Lys/sup 9/ residues have been replaced by Ala and Orn residues, respectively. It has been established that (Ala/sup 5/, Orn/sup 9/)somatostatin retains the capacity for repressing the secretion of somatotropin, insulin, and glucagon that is characteristic for natural somatostatin but, in contrast to the natural hormone, it exerts no inhibiting action on the secretion of prolactin.
Super-FAN: Integrated Facial Landmark Localization and Super-Resolution of Real-World Low Resolution Faces in Arbitrary Poses with GANs (2018)

This paper addresses 2 challenging tasks: improving the quality of low resolution facial images and accurately locating the facial landmarks on such poor resolution images. To this end, we make the following 5 contributions: (a) we propose Super-FAN: the very first end-to-end system that addresses both tasks simultaneously, i.e. both improves face resolution and detects the facial landmarks. The novelty or Super-FAN lies in incorporating structural information in a GAN-based super-resolution algorithm via integrating a sub-network for face alignment through heatmap regression and optimizing a novel heatmap loss. (b) We illustrate the benefit of training the two networks jointly by reporting good results not only on frontal images (as in prior work) but on the whole spectrum of facial poses, and not only on synthetic low resolution images (as in prior work) but also on real-world images. (c) We improve upon the state-of-the-art in face super-resolution by proposing a new residual-based architecture. (d) Quantitatively, we show large improvement over the state-of-the-art for both face super-resolution and alignment. (e) Qualitatively, we show for the first time good results on real-world low resolution images like the ones of Fig. 1.
Phosphorylation of Human Pro-Urokinase on Ser138/303 Impairs Its Receptor-dependent Ability to Promote Myelomonocytic Adherence and Motility (1997)

Serine phosphorylation of human pro-urokinase (pro-uPA) by A431 human carcinoma cells results in a catalytically active molecule with reduced sensitivity to plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1. We mapped the phosphorylated seryl residues by analyzing the in vivo phosphorylation state of engineered prouPA variants carrying a COOH-terminal poly-histidine tag. Stably transfected A431 cells do not incorporate radioactive phosphate into tagged pro-uPA in which the serines 138 and 303 have been replaced with glutamic residues, although endogenous nontagged pro-uPA is 32P-labeled on A and B chains. Moreover, the catalyticindependent ability of the mono- and di-substituted “phosphorylation-like” variants to bind to the GPIanchored urokinase receptor (uPAR) and promote adherence of differentiating U937, HL-60, and THP-1 myelomonocytic cells was examined. We found that glutamic residues as well as the naturally occurring phosphoserines at positions 138 and 303 abolish proadhesive ability, although they do not interfere with receptor binding. In addition, pro-uPA carrying Glu138/303 lacks the capability to induce a chemotactic response of THP-1 cells. The exclusive presence of Glu138 reduces pro-uPA proadhesive and chemotactic ability by 70– 80%, indicating that a phosphoserine residue at the same position plays a major inhibitory role of myeloid cell response to pro-urokinase. The di-substitution does not affect pro-uPA ability to interact with vitronectin or to enhance binding of urea-denatured vitronectin to uPAR. However, unlike wild-type tagged pro-uPA, the di-substituted variant does not induce receptor polarization in pre-adherent U937 cells. Taken together, the data support the possibility that pro-uPA phosphorylation on Ser138/303 can modulate uPAR transducing ability.
Inheritance of Alcohol Abuse (1981)

The inheritance of alcoholism was studied in 862 Swedish men adopted by nonrelatives at an early age. Both the congenital and postnatal backgrounds of the adoptees modify their risk for alcohol abuse. We distinguish two forms of alcoholism that have distinct genetic and environmental causes and differ in their association with criminality, severity of alcohol abuse, and the frequency of expression in biological mothers. Postnatal milieu determines the frequency and severity of expression of the common type of susceptibility in both men and women. In contrast, the less common type is highly heritable in men but is seldom expressed in mothers of affected men.
Evaluation of cholesterol metabolism in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (2015)

Cholestanol and 7αC4 represent important markers for CTX diagnosis and monitoring of therapy. Treatment with CDCA should aim at normalizing serum 7αC4 as well as cholestanol, since 7αC4 better mirrors 7α-hydroxylation rate and is thought to be correlated with cholestanol accumulation in the brain. Assessment of serum 27-OHC is a very good tool for biochemical diagnosis at any stage of disease. Lathosterol and plant sterols should be considered as additional markers for diagnosis and monitoring of therapy. Further studies including long-term assessment of bile acid intermediates in cerebrospinal fluid are needed in patients who show clinical progression despite treatment.
Importance of Water Chemistry in Oil and Gas Operations—Properties and Composition (2019)

In the oil and gas industry, water is essential element since it exists in most of the stages, starting from drilling operations, then production processes including injecting in the reservoir to maintain the pressure, and finally disposing the produced water from the reservoir. Therefore, it is very important to understand the water in the petroleum industry with its different types and study its effects on the reservoirs as well as the downhole and surface equipment. Most of the studies and literature reviews focused on the oil and gas properties. In fact, understanding the properties of the water is as important as the oil and gas properties. Water is always present in the oil and gas fields during production, injection or disposal. Therefore, it has a direct impact on the productivity and overall efficiency of the field and the entire development project. This paper is going to illustrate and focus on several objectives. First, it elaborates the importance of the water in the oil and gas fields. Then, it includes a comprehensive overview of different types of water in the petroleum industry including a summary about of their properties. The main two types that the paper focuses on are the produced water and the injected water. It clarifies the effects of both of them on the reservoir, well completions and facilities. After that, the paper touches bases on the common problems and issues caused by water along with a brief summary of steps needed by the operators to follow in order to solve them. In addition to that, the common monitoring procedures and tests that are usually followed to observe the quality of the water are going to be presented. Finally, couples of solutions used by operators are reviewed to solve the problem of excessive water production after the water breakthrough in the field.
A blind Adaptive Stimulation Artifact Rejection (ASAR) engine for closed-loop implantable neuromodulation systems (2017)

In this work we propose an energy-efficient, implantable, real-time, blind Adaptive Stimulation Artifact Rejection (ASAR) engine. This enables concurrent neural stimulation and recording for state-of-the-art closed-loop neuromodulation systems. Two engines, implemented in 40nm CMOS, achieve convergence of <;42μs for Spike ASAR and <;167μs for LFP ASAR, and can attenuate artifacts up to 100mV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-p</sub> by 49.2dB, without any prior knowledge of the stimulation pulse. The LFP and Spike ASAR designs occupy an area of 0.197mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 0.209mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and consume 1.73μW and 3.02μW, respectively at 0.644V.
Potential on liquid light guide as distributed radiation sensor (2005)

Position sensitive detectors with optical fibers are useful for one-dimensional distributed radiation sensing. There has been, however, a problem of radiation induced transmission losses and life time of the optical fibers restricting their applicability for high-level radiation environments. In order to improve the limitation of the optical fiber based radiation sensing, we propose to use a liquid light guide (LLG) with more radiation hardness than the solid one. The preliminary experiments have given us some promising results that the incident radiation emits the Cherenkov photons in the core and the position can be determined by the time-of-flight method. At present, we have confirmed that the position resolution is around 9.6 cm in a 2 m long LLG for the /sup 60/Co gamma-ray beam with a diameter of 10 mm and no transmission loss is observed up to the dose of 2.5/spl times/10/sup 3/ Gy.
An overview of molecular layer deposition for organic and organic–inorganic hybrid materials: mechanisms, growth characteristics, and promising applications (2017)

This review makes a comprehensive summary on the processes of molecular layer deposition (MLD) for organic and organic–inorganic hybrid materials, and on their applications.