gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thrombogenicity of vascular cells. Comparison between endothelial cells isolated from different sources and smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. (1990)

When the endothelial cell layer is damaged, a thrombotic reaction starts on the cells' subendothelium and on the connective tissue deposited by smooth muscle cells in the deeper layers. When more severe vascular damage occurs, hemostasis will involve the vessel adventitia in which fibroblasts are found. In this article, the influence of in vitro cultured endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts on the hemostatic balance was studied. To do so, perfusions were performed with low molecular weight heparin anticoagulated blood over the extracellular matrix of the cells. This method allowed the study of tissue factor-dependent thrombin generation and its influence on formation of fibrin and platelet aggregates. The experiments described in this article show that endothelial cells isolated from different human organs interfere differently in the hemostatic response. Endothelial cells isolated from umbilical veins are nonthrombogenic; they do not synthesize tissue factor under unstimulated conditions. On their extracellular matrix, only adherent platelets are found, but no aggregates and no fibrin. Endothelial cells isolated from omentum and atrium contain tissue factor activity under unstimulated conditions. As a consequence, thrombin is generated on their surfaces, and platelet aggregates and fibrin deposition are found on the extracellular matrices after perfusions with whole blood. The matrix of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts behaved similarly. Increase in shear rate and perfusion time resulted in an increase in platelet aggregate formation. Polymerized fibrin deposition decreased when perfusions were performed at higher shear. Both platelet aggregation and fibrin deposition were tissue factor dependent and could be blocked more than 70% by an antibody against tissue factor. Based on these results, we conclude that endothelial cells isolated from umbilical veins form the best nonthrombogenic surface in vitro. Moreover, coagulation-dependent hemostasis should be included when thrombogenicity of subendothelium is discussed, especially when it concerns matrix derived from cells present in the deeper layer of the vessel wall.
Reassessment of Criteria for the Selection of Perfluorochemicals for Second‐Generation Blood Substitutes: Analysis of Structure/Property Relationships (1984)

The criteria for the selection of perfluorochemicals destined to serve as oxygen carriers in second-generation blood substitutes are critically discussed in light of the presently available body of data. The need for pure, well-defined, reproducible, industrially feasible perfluorochemicals, in order to attain the degree of reliability desirable for their use in medicine, is stressed. Particular attention is given to the inverse excretion rate versus emulsion stability relationship and to its sharp dependence on molecular weight. The range of acceptable molecular weights is established as 460-520. Oxygen-dissolving capacity, rheologic characteristics, and intravascular persistence are also discussed. The need for standard methodology and experimental protocols is reaffirmed. Perspectives are evaluated, in particular, with the aim of easing certain of the present limitations.
Off-chip latency-driven dynamic voltage and frequency scaling for an MPEG decoding (2004)

This paper describes a dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) technique for MPEG decoding to reduce the energy consumption using the computational workload decomposition. This technique decomposes the workload for decoding a frame into on-chip and off-chip workloads. The execution time required for the on-chip workload is CPU frequency-dependent, whereas the off-chip workload execution time does not change, regardless of the CPU frequency, resulting in the maximum energy savings by setting the minimum frequency during off-chip workload execution time, without causing any delay penalty. This workload decomposition is performed using a performance-monitoring unit (PMU) in the XScale-processor, which provides various statistics such as cache hit/miss and CPU stall, due to data dependency at run time. The on-chip workload for an incoming frame is predicted using a frame-based history so that the processor voltage and frequency can be scaled to provide the exact amount of computing power needed to decode the frame. To guarantee a quality of service (QoS) constraint, a prediction error compensation method, called inter-frame compensation, is proposed in which the on-chip workload prediction error is diffused into subsequent frames such that run time frame rates change smoothly. The proposed DVFS algorithm has been implemented on an XScale-based Testbed. Detailed current measurements on this platform demonstrate significant CPU energy savings ranging from 50% to 80% depending on the video clip.
Fast Variational Mode-Seeking (2012)

Mode-seeking algorithms (e.g., mean-shift) constitute a class of powerful non-parametric clustering methods, but they are slow. We present VMS, a dual-tree based variational EM framework for mode-seeking that greatly accelerates performance. VMS has a number of pleasing properties: it generalizes across different mode-seeking algorithms, it does not have typical homoscedasticity constraints on kernel bandwidths, and it is the first truly sub-quadratic acceleration method that maintains provable convergence for a welldefined objective function. Experimental results demonstrate acceleration benefits over competing methods and show that VMS is particularly desirable for data sets of massive size, where a coarser approximation is needed to improve the computational efficiency. 1
A loop antenna in a compressible plasma (1969)

An analysis is made of the radiation of an electron plasma wave from a circular-loop antenna with an arbitrary dimension immersed in a compressible plasma. The radiation resistance due to plasma-wave radiation is calculated and is compared with that due to electromagnetic-wave radiation.
Predicting Running Time of Grid Tasks based on CPU Load Predictions (2006)

The ability to accurately predict task running time is of great importance for interactive applications and scheduling algorithms which need to determine how to use time-shared resources in a dynamic grid environment. In this paper we present and evaluate a new method to predict the running time of tasks in a grid. The prediction of task running time is based on a novel CPU load prediction method and is calculated from predictions of CPU load. We conducted evaluations using more than 10,000 randomized testcases run on load traces sampled from 39 heterogeneous machines. Our experimental results demonstrate that both our CPU load prediction method and task running time prediction strategy outperform significantly the widely used AR(16) load prediction model and the task running-time prediction method based on this model
Preparation and Use of N,N′‐Di‐Boc‐N″‐Triflylguanidine (2003)

Abstract N, N′‐Di‐boc‐N″‐triflyguanidine R N, N′‐Di‐boc‐guanidine I N,N′‐Di‐boc‐N″‐triflyguanidine R Benzylamine P N, N′‐Bis (tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐N″‐benzylguanidine
Culture Conditions for Improvement of<scp>L</scp>-Threonine Production Using a Genetically Self-cloned<scp>L</scp>-Threonine Hyperproducing Strain of<i>Escherichia coli</i>K-12 (1995)

We had constructed an L-threonine-hyperproducing strain of E. coli K-12 by recombinant DNA techniques. In this paper, culture conditions for the practical production of L-threonine were investigated using this strain. Cultivation temperature, concentration of required amino acids, and dissolved oxygen greatly influenced the yield of L-threonine. High production of L-threonine was obtained at a high level of dissolved oxygen for the recombinant strain, but not for the parent. This improved production was accompanied by a high copy number of recombinant plasmids and high activity of aspartokinase. Initial addition of L-threonine together with required amino acids greatly reduced the net production of L-threonine. To remove the reductive effect, methods for the addition of the required amino acids were tested. Lowering the required amino acids at a later stage of cultivation seemed to be effective to avoid the reductive effect of the accumulated L-threonine. By using the optimal conditions, the highest level of L-threonine production, 65 g/l, 48% yield, was achieved.
Thiamorphinans. I (1983)

Abstract The present paper deals with the synthesis of 5,5a,6,7,8,9‐hexahydro‐5,9a‐iminoethano‐4 H ‐naphtho[2,1‐ b ] ‐thiophenes (I) as derivatives of the first of three novel isomeric S‐heterocycles with morphinan‐like structure (“thiamorphinans”).
cDNA cloning and characterization of the protein encoded by RD, a gene located in the class III region of the human major histocompatibility complex (1993)

The RD gene, initially defined in the mouse, has been mapped between the Bf and C4A genes in the human major histocompatibility complex class III region. Using the mouse cDNA as a probe, we isolated and sequenced human RD cDNA clones. The composite nucleotide sequence consisted of 1301 nucleotides, excluding a poly(A) tail at the 3' end. It contained a single open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 380 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 42274 Da. The most striking structural feature of the deduced amino acid sequence is a region consisting entirely of 24 tandem repeats of an Arg-Asp (or Glu) dipeptide. The human RD cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase and used to produce antisera in rabbits. Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation of lysates of biosynthetically labelled HeLa cells indicated that RD is a 44 kDa nuclear protein.
Design and implementation of a wireless sensor network for intelligent light control (2007)

We present the design and implementation of the Illuminator, a preliminary sensor network-based intelligent light control system for entertainment and media production. Unlike most sensor network applications, which focus on sensing alone, a distinctive aspect of Illuminator is that it closes the loop from light sensing to lighting control. We describe the Illuminator's design requirements, system architecture, algorithms, implementation and experimental results. To satisfy the high-performance light sensing requirements of entertainment and media production applications, the system uses the Illumimote, which is a multi-modal and high fidelity light sensor module well-suited to wireless sensor networks. The Illuminator system is a toolset to characterize the illumination profile of a deployed set of fixed position lights, generate desired lighting effects for moving targets (actors, scenic elements, etc.) based on user constraints expressed in a formal language, and assist in the set up of lights to achieve the same illumination profile in multiple venues. After characterizing deployed lights, the Illuminator computes at run-time optimal light settings to achieve a user-specified actuation profile using an optimization framework based on a genetic algorithm Uniquely, it can use deployed sensors to incorporate changing ambient lighting conditions and moving targets into actuation. With experimental results, we demonstrate that the Illuminator handles various high-level user's constraints and generates optimal light actuation profile. These results suggest that our system should support entertainment and media production applications.
Introduction to the alliance for wireless power loosely-coupled wireless power transfer system specification version 1.0 (2013)

The Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP) Version 1.0 Baseline System Specification (BSS) is an interoperability specification for loosely-coupled (LC) wireless power transfer (WPT) systems that meet next-generation user experience and industrial design requirements as part of the vision of Ubiquitous Power for portable, hand-held, consumer electronic devices. This survey of the A4WP Version 1.0 BSS reviews an LC WPT reference model, power transmitting and power receiving unit device classification, power system interfaces and key parameters, the power control specification, the signaling specification, and the framework for certification and acceptance testing based on reference power transmitting and power receiving resonators. The selection of ISM band (6.78MHz) as the WPT operating frequency and ISM band (2.4GHz) for WPT management protocol via BluetoothLE is discussed.
Angiotensin II in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2009)

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is well-known as a systemic vasoconstrictor but recently a novel role for the peptide in endocrine function has been suggested and it has been linked to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. According to several large-scale clinical studies, blocking Ang II prevented the onset of type 2 diabetes in potential patients. Type 2 diabetes is a complicated disease that is primarily characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency mediated by numerous organs. Among these organs, the pancreas, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver are the most prominent in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Interestingly, locally generated Ang II has been identified in these organs, where it plays different physiological roles and is produced in relatively high amounts with significant function. In type 2 diabetic human patients or animal models, Ang II, its generating enzymes and receptors are up-regulated and trigger detrimental effects. Moreover, Ang II seems to play roles in the regulation of insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta-cell and insulin sensitivity by peripheral tissues, which are two critical factors contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes. Accordingly, inhibiting Ang II produced beneficial effects on individual organs and throughout the body. Therefore, the present review discusses the role of Ang II in particular organs during normal physiological conditions as well as in type 2 diabetes.
In Vitro Cultivation of Primary Prostate Cancer Cells Alters the Molecular Biomarker Pattern. (2017)

Experimental design, as well as data evaluation, may need to take under consideration the high variability of biomarker expression in primary PC cells.
Glasgow University Radiocarbon Measurements IV (1972)

The following list and data presented previously (R., 1970, v. 12, p. 494–495) were obtained to investigate the transport of carbon between man and his environment (Harkness, 1970). These data constitute a study of contemporary variations of C 14 concentrations viz. , Suess effect and bomb effect, as reflected in the tissues and food chain of the population of the United Kingdom (Harkness and Walton, 1969).
A Self-Calibrated SI-Traceable Rydberg Atom-Based Radio Frequency Electric Field Probe and Measurement Instrument (2021)

We present a portable Rydberg-atom-based radio frequency (RF) electric ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) field measurement instrument (Rydberg field measurement system or RFMS). The RFMS comprises an atomic RF field probe (RFP) connected by a ruggedized fiber-optic patch cord to a portable mainframe control unit. The unit includes a software interface providing self-calibrated SI-traceable RF measurement and analysis, including real-time field and measurement uncertainty readout and spectral RF waveform visualization. We characterize the RFP and measure polar field and polarization patterns along primary axes of the RFP at 12.6 GHz, obtained by rotations of the RFP in the far-field of a standard gain horn antenna. Field pattern measurements at 2.5 GHz are also presented. The measured field patterns are in good agreement with finite-element simulations of the RFP, establishing that the atom-based RF <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -field probe is well-suited for SI-traceable RF measurements over multiple bands. A one-time calibration procedure and an uncertainty analysis are introduced and implemented, as required for practical atomic probe designs to realize absolute-standard SI-traceable measurement capability. This includes uncertainty contributions from the atomic-spectroscopy measurement method and analysis and from the material, geometry, and hardware design. Simultaneous RF field and polarization measurements are demonstrated. RF waveform measurement is demonstrated using example pulsed and modulated RF signals.
Minimization algorithms and experimental inverse transient leak detection (2002)

The inverse transient method has been verified for leak detection from a laboratory pipeline using a least-squares minimization. The process determines the size and location of a leak. In previous numerical studies the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and genetic algorithms were used to perform this minimization. In the current experiment, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm yields incorrect leak locations and magnitudes. The complexity of the objective function causes the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to fail. The inverse transient method has been verified for leak detection from a laboratory pipeline using a least-squares minimization. The process determines the size and location of a leak. In previous numerical studies the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and genetic algorithms were used to perform this minimization. In the current experiment, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm yields incorrect leak locations and magnitudes. The complexity of the objective function surface causes the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to fail. The use of the shuffled complex evolution algorithm—a more global minimization algorithm—improves results, however convergence is slow. A systematic approach to the application of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm determines the correct leak location and magnitude more efficiently.
Identification of Cellular Cofactors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication via a Ribozyme-Based Genomics Approach (2004)

Ribozymes are small, catalytic RNA molecules that can be engineered to down-regulate gene expression by cleaving specific mRNA. Here we report the selection of hairpin ribozymes that inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication from a combinatorial ribozyme library. We identified a total of 17 effective ribozymes, each capable of inhibiting HIV infection of human CD4(+) cells. These ribozymes target diverse steps of the viral replication cycle, ranging from entry to transcription. One ribozyme suppressed HIV integration and transcription by inhibiting the expression of the Ku80 subunit of the DNA-activated protein kinase. Another ribozyme specifically inhibited long terminal repeat transactivation, while two additional ones blocked a step that can be bypassed by vesicular stomatitis virus G-protein pseudotyping. The function of Ku80 in HIV replication and its mechanism of action were further confirmed using short interfering RNA. Identification of the gene targets of these and other selected ribozymes may reveal novel therapeutic targets for combating HIV infection.
Electron beam optical system with large field coverage for submicron lithography (1983)

A low aberration and low landing error deflective focusing system has been developed for submicron electron beam lithography. The deflection system consists of a one-stage electrostatic deflector and a one-stage magnetic lens, which is simple and desirable for a practical electron beam lithography system. The design method is based upon the low aberration and telecentric properties of the ideal uniform magnetic focusing and uniform electrostatic deflection fields. Fringe fields, which are generated in practice, degrade the optical properties, but their distributions are optimized to minimize additional aberration and landing error. Overall aberration is 0.2 μ and landing error is 20 mrad at a 10 mm field corner with a 5 mrad beam half angle after dynamic focus correction. Eight pole and twelve pole electrostatic deflectors are constructed and their performances are obtained and studied. Studies of higher order aberrations show the importance of fifth order rotational invariance for a large area deflection. Using this system, 0.5 μ rule LSI patterns are successfully exposed over a 10×10-mm field.
Image super-resolution with multi-channel convolutional neural networks (2016)

This paper proposes image super-resolution techniques with multi-channel convolutional neural networks (CNN). In the proposed method, output pixels are classified into four groups depending on their positions. Those groups are generated from separate channels of the CNN. Finally, they are synthesized into a 2-2 magnified image. This architecture can enlarge images directly without bicubic interpolation. Experimental results have shown that the average PSNR for the proposed method achieves 36.88 dB, which is 0.39 dB higher than that for the conventional SRCNN.
High data rate transmissions over h.f. links (1982)

A review is presented of the problems inherent in transmitting data over h.f. links. The propagation medium imposes characteristics of time and frequency dispersion, fading and delay distortion upon the transmitted signal, particularly when wide bandwidths are used. The magnitude and variability of these features are quantified and a simplified expression for the received signal is derived. Techniques that have been used to transmit high data rates over h.f. links are summarized and their relative merits compared. It is concluded that the ionosphere continues to be a limiting factor in the design of an efficient modem, but that recent developments in microelectronics provide the potential to make a significant improvement in the performance of future communication systems.
Regulation of Interferon-Induced Protein Kinase PKR: Modulation of P58<sup>IPK</sup> Inhibitory Function by a Novel Protein, P52<sup>rIPK</sup> (1998)

The cellular response to environmental signals is largely dependent upon the induction of responsive protein kinase signaling pathways. Within these pathways, distinct protein-protein interactions play a role in determining the specificity of the response through regulation of kinase function. The interferon-induced serine/threonine protein kinase, PKR, is activated in response to various environmental stimuli. Like many protein kinases, PKR is regulated through direct interactions with activator and inhibitory molecules, including P58IPK, a cellular PKR inhibitor. P58IPK functions to represses PKR-mediated phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha subunit (eIF-2alpha) through a direct interaction, thereby relieving the PKR-imposed block on mRNA translation and cell growth. To further define the molecular mechanism underlying regulation of PKR, we have utilized an interaction cloning strategy to identify a novel cDNA encoding a P58IPK-interacting protein. This protein, designated P52rIPK, possesses limited homology to the charged domain of Hsp90 and is expressed in a wide range of cell lines. P52rIPK and P58IPK interacted in a yeast two-hybrid assay and were recovered as a complex from mammalian cell extracts. When coexpressed with PKR in yeast, P58IPK repressed PKR-mediated eIF-2alpha phosphorylation, inhibiting the normally toxic and growth-suppressive effects associated with PKR function. Conversely, introduction of P52rIPK into these strains resulted in restoration of both PKR activity and eIF-2alpha phosphorylation, concomitant with growth suppression due to inhibition of P58IPK function. Furthermore, P52rIPK inhibited P58IPK function in a reconstituted in vitro PKR-regulatory assay. Our results demonstrate that P58IPK is inhibited through a direct interaction with P52rIPK which, in turn, results in upregulation of PKR activity. Taken together, our data describe a novel protein kinase-regulatory system which encompasses an intersection of interferon-, stress-, and growth-regulatory pathways.