gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CalMagNet – an array of search coil magnetometers monitoring ultra low frequency activity in California (2008)

Abstract. The California Magnetometer Network (CalMagNet) consists of sixty-eight triaxial search-coil magnetometer systems measuring Ultra Low Frequency (ULF), 0.001–16 Hz, magnetic field fluctuations in California. CalMagNet provides data for comprehensive multi-point measurements of specific events in the Pc 1–Pc 5 range at mid-latitudes as well as a systematic, long-term study of ULF signals in active fault regions in California. Typical events include geomagnetic micropulsations and spectral resonant structures associated with the ionospheric Alfvén resonator. This paper provides a technical overview of the CalMagNet sensors and data processing systems. The network is composed of ten reference stations and fifty-eight local monitoring stations. The primary instruments at each site are three orthogonal induction coil magnetometers. A geophone monitors local site vibration. The systems are designed for future sensor expansion and include resources for monitoring four additional channels. Data is currently sampled at 32 samples per second with a 24-bit converter and time tagged with a GPS-based timing system. Several examples of representative magnetic fluctuations and signals as measured by the array are given.
Raw corpus word sense disambiguation (1998)

A wide range of approaches have been applied to word sense disambiguation. However, most require manually crafted knowledge such as annotated text, machine readable dictionaries or thesari, semantic networks, or aligned bilingual corpora. The reliance on these knowledge sources limits portability since they generally exist only for selected domains and languages. This poster presents a corpus-based approach where multiple usages of an ambiguous word are divided into a specified number of sense groups based strictly on features that are automatically obtained from the immediately surrounding raw text. We are given N sentences, each of which contains a usage of a particular ambiguous word. Each sentence is converted into a feature vector (F1, F2,...,Fn, S) where (F1,...,Fn) represent the observed contextual properties of the sentence and S represents the unobserved sense of the ambiguous word. A probabilistic model is built from this data. First, a parametric form that describes the interactions among the observed contextual features and the unknown sense is specified. We use the form commonly known as Naive Bayes due to its favorable performance in previous studies of supervised disambiguation (e.g., Gale et. al., 1992, Mooney, 1996, Ng 1997). The Naive Bayes model, when applied to disambiguation, implies that all contextual features are conditionally independent given the sense of the ambiguous word: n
Visualization and Treatment of Subclinical Actinic Keratoses with Topical Imiquimod 5% Cream: An Observational Study (2014)

Topical imiquimod treatment of chronically sun-exposed skin without overt clinical signs of AK is able to detect subclinical actinic keratoses (SAK) and to completely clear the lesions, even before they can be clinically diagnosed as AK. In such patients, imiquimod might be able to prevent the evolution of SCC.
Life-long caloric restriction reduces oxidative stress and preserves nitric oxide bioavailability and function in arteries of old mice (2013)

Aging impairs arterial function through oxidative stress and diminished nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Life-long caloric restriction (CR) reduces oxidative stress, but its impact on arterial aging is incompletely understood. We tested the hypothesis that life-long CR attenuates key features of arterial aging. Blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV, arterial stiffness), carotid artery wall thickness and endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD; endothelial function) were assessed in young (Y: 5-7 month), old ad libitum (Old AL: 30-31 month) and life-long 40% CR old (30-31 month) B6D2F1 mice. Blood pressure was elevated with aging (P < 0.05) and was blunted by CR (P < 0.05 vs. Old AL). PWV was 27% greater in old vs. young AL-fed mice (P < 0.05), and CR prevented this increase (P < 0.05 vs. Old AL). Carotid wall thickness was greater with age (P < 0.05), and CR reduced this by 30%. CR effects were associated with amelioration of age-related changes in aortic collagen and elastin. Nitrotyrosine, a marker of cellular oxidative stress, and superoxide production were greater in old AL vs. young (P < 0.05) and CR attenuated these increase. Carotid artery EDD was impaired with age (P < 0.05); CR prevented this by enhancing NO and reducing superoxide-dependent suppression of EDD (Both P < 0.05 vs. Old AL). This was associated with a blunted age-related increase in NADPH oxidase activity and p67 expression, with increases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), total SOD, and catalase activities (All P < 0.05 Old CR vs. Old AL). Lastly, CR normalized age-related changes in the critical nutrient-sensing pathways SIRT-1 and mTOR (P < 0.05 vs. Old AL). Our findings demonstrate that CR is an effective strategy for attenuation of arterial aging.
Three Unusual Reactions Mediate Carbapenem and Carbapenam Biosynthesis (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTThree Unusual Reactions Mediate Carbapenem and Carbapenam BiosynthesisRongfeng Li, Anthony Stapon, Joanne T. Blanchfield, and Craig A. TownsendView Author Information Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 38, 9296–9297Publication Date (Web):September 7, 2000Publication History Received22 May 2000Published online7 September 2000Published inissue 1 September 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja001723lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja001723lrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views785Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antimicrobial agents,Fermentation,Genetics,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Improved regular and semi-random rate-compatible low-density parity-check codes with short block lengths (2008)

Powerful rate-compatible codes are essential for achieving high throughput in hybrid automatic repeat request (ARQ) systems for networks utilising packet data transmission. The paper focuses on the construction of efficient rate-compatible low-density parity-check (RC-LDPC) codes over a wide range of rates. Two LDPC code families are considered; namely, regular LDPC codes which are known for good performance and low error floor, and semi-random LDPC codes which offer performance similar to regular LDPC codes with the additional property of linear-time encoding. An algorithm for the design of punctured regular RC-LDPC codes that have low error floor is presented. Furthermore, systematic algorithms for the construction of semi-random RC-LDPC codes are proposed based on puncturing and extending. The performance of a type-II hybrid ARQ system employing the proposed RC-LDPC codes is investigated. Compared with existing hybrid ARQ systems based on regular LDPC codes, the proposed ARQ system based on semi-random LDPC codes offers the advantages of linear-time encoding and higher throughput.
The ultrasonix 500RP: A commercial ultrasound research interface (2006)

Unlike researchers in magnetic resonance imaging who have considerable access to high level tools and to data at a very basic level on their scanners, those involved with ultrasound have found little in the way of meaningful and widespread access to even the most basic echo signals in their clinical systems. Interest has emerged, however, in ultrasound research interfaces on commercial scanners to provide access to raw ultrasound data and control of basic research functions. This paper describes initial experience gained on one such ultrasound system. The Ultrasonix 500RP system provides research access to the data at multiple points in the signal processing chain and allows control over most imaging parameters. The Ultrasonix system allows for three methods of research control. One is implemented along with the standard clinical imaging software using "mouseover" screens on the periphery of the application window. These screens are configured by the user to display various signal processing variables, which can be modified in real time. Second, the system can be controlled via a user-written remote control client application interacting through the clinical exam software. Lastly, the user can write a complete application which initializes the basic ultrasound module but need not use the Ultrasonix clinical exam software. All of the modes can be done locally on the scanner itself or via a network, and are based on software developed in C++ with libraries supplied with the scanner. Two examples are presented in this paper from the evaluation of the system in "real world" applications. Measurements of absolute backscatter coefficients and attenuation coefficients versus frequency are shown and elastograms utilizing spatial compounding are described.
Investigating the Dispersion Behavior in Solvents, Biocompatibility, and Use as Support for Highly Efficient Metal Catalysts of Exfoliated Graphitic Carbon Nitride (2015)

The liquid-phase exfoliation of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) to afford colloidal dispersions of two-dimensional flakes constitutes an attractive route to facilitate the processing and implementation of this novel material toward different technological applications, but quantitative knowledge about its dispersibility in solvents is lacking. Here, we investigate the dispersion behavior of exfoliated g-C3N4 in a wide range of solvents and evaluate the obtained results on the basis of solvent surface energy and Hildebrand/Hansen solubility parameters. Estimates of the three Hansen parameters for exfoliated g-C3N4 from the experimentally derived data yielded δD ≈ 17.8 MPa1/2, δP ≈ 10.8 MPa1/2, and δH ≈ 15.4 MPa1/2. The relatively high δH value suggested that, contrary to the case of other two-dimensional materials (e.g., graphene or transition metal dichalcogenides), hydrogen-bonding plays a substantial role in the efficient interaction, and thus dispersibility, of exfoliated g-C3N4 with solvents. Such an outcome was attributed to a high density of primary and/or secondary amines in the material, the presence of which was associated with incomplete condensation of the structure. Furthermore, cell proliferation tests carried out on thin films of exfoliated g-C3N4 using murine fibroblasts suggested that this material is highly biocompatible and noncytotoxic. Finally, the exfoliated g-C3N4 flakes were used as supports in the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles, and the resulting hybrids exhibited an exceptional catalytic activity in the reduction of nitroarenes.
Podocytic cytoskeletal disaggregation and basement-membrane detachment in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis. (1993)

Puromycin aminonucleoside--(PAN) treated rats develop acute nephrotic syndrome, mimicking human minimal lesion disease. In PAN nephrosis, podocyte detachment from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is the most likely cause of massive proteinuria in this model. To elucidate further the mechanisms of PAN-induced cellular dysfunction, new methods were employed to visualize podocyte cytoskeletal aggregation and to measure fibrillar attachment to the GBM. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 4/group) received a single tail-vein injection of PAN (75 mg/kg). On days 1, 2, 3, and 5 following injection, 24-hour urine collections were obtained for creatinine clearance, albuminuria, and total proteinuria. Then kidneys from each group were fixed by perfusion. Podocytic cytoskeleton was visualized by scanning electron microscopy. Subepithelial GBM staining and attachment fiber number, observed on digitized images of transmission electron micrographs, were quantitated with computer-based density analysis. A significant reduction in attachment fiber number in the GBM lamina rara externa occurred by day 5. On scanning electron micrographs, the secondary and tertiary podocytic processes were observed to be formed by highly aggregated cytoskeleton, which became partially disaggregated by day 3, was totally absent by day 5, and normalized by day 20. Immunogold staining revealed that actin and vinculin localized to the tertiary podocytic processes in the normal state were dispersed into the cell body following PAN. Podocyte cytoskeletal disaggregation precedes, and detachment from the GBM occurs simultaneously with, the onset of massive proteinuria in the PAN model.
Characterization of mutagen-activated cellular oncogenes that confer anchorage independence to human fibroblasts and tumorigenicity to NIH 3T3 cells: sequence analysis of an enzymatically amplified mutant HRAS allele. (1988)

Treatment of diploid human fibroblasts with an alkylating mutagen has been shown to induce stable, anchorage-independent cell populations at frequencies (11 X 10(-4) consistent with an activating mutation. After treatment of human foreskin fibroblasts with the mutagen benzo[a]pyrene (+/-)anti- 7,8-dihydrodiol 9,10-epoxide and selection in soft agar, 17 anchorage-independent clones were isolated and expanded, and their cellular DNA was used to cotransfect NIH 3T3 cells along with pSV2neo. DNA from 11 of the 17 clones induced multiple NIH 3T3 cell tumors in recipient nude mice. Southern blot analyses showed the presence of human Alu repetitive sequences in all of the NIH 3T3 tumor cell DNAs. Intact, human HRAS sequences were observed in 2 of the 11 tumor groups, whereas no hybridization was detected when human KRAS or NRAS probes were used. Slow-migrating ras p21 proteins, consistent with codon 12 mutations, were observed i in the same two NIH 3T3 tumor cell groups that contained the human HRAS bands. Genomic DNA from one of these two human anchorage-independent cell populations (clone 21A) was used to enzymatically amplify a portion of exon 1 of the HRAS gene. Direct sequence analysis of the amplified DNA indicated equal presence of a wild-type (GGC) and mutant (GTC) allele of the HRAS gene. The results demonstrate that exposure of normal human cells to a common environmental mutagen yields HRAS GC----TA codon 12 transversions that have been commonly observed in human tumors. This oncogene as well as yet to be identified oncogene are also shown to stably confer anchorage-independence to human cells.
Sialylation converts arthritogenic IgG into inhibitors of collagen-induced arthritis (2016)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated IgG antibodies such as anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) have diverse glycosylation variants; however, key sugar chains modulating the arthritogenic activity of IgG remain to be clarified. Here, we show that reduced sialylation is a common feature of RA-associated IgG in humans and in mouse models of arthritis. Genetically blocking sialylation in activated B cells results in exacerbation of joint inflammation in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. On the other hand, artificial sialylation of anti-type II collagen antibodies, including ACPAs, not only attenuates arthritogenic activity, but also suppresses the development of CIA in the antibody-infused mice, whereas sialylation of other IgG does not prevent CIA. Thus, our data demonstrate that sialylation levels control the arthritogenicity of RA-associated IgG, presenting a potential target for antigen-specific immunotherapy.
Vermindert regelmatig huisbezoek aan mishandelde moeders partnergeweld? (2015)

Waarom dit onderzoek? Van de vrouwen die de huisarts consulteren is 30% ooit door een partner mishandeld of misbruikt. Langdurig geweld isoleert deze vrouwen en maakt hen vaker depressief. Hun kinderen hebben vaker emotionele problemen en een gewelddadige relatie als volwassene. Regelmatig huisbezoek door een verpleegkundige of een getrainde leek (‘mentor-moeder’) richt zich op empowerment van de vrouw bij het doorbreken van haar isolement, het stoppen van het geweld en het zoeken van hulp. Maar werkt dat? Onderzoeksvraag Zijn huisbezoeken aan mishandelde moeders effectief om het partnergeweld te verminderen? Hoe werd dit onderzocht? De auteurs verrichtten een systematische review van RCT’s over dit onderwerp.
A Wide-Band Wattmeter for Wave Guide (1946)

A direct-reading wattmeter is described which uses a directional coupler and one or more thermocouples to monitor the power transmitted by a wave guide or a coaxial transmission line. It was used in connection with a 1000-watt magnetron transmitter which had a tuning range of 8 to 12 centimeters, and the calibration was substantially constant over this range.
Reactions of Calcium with Organonitrogen Compounds and Aromatic Hydrocarbons<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Calcium with Organonitrogen Compounds and Aromatic Hydrocarbons1Allen R. Utke and R. T. SandersonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 5, 1261–1264Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01028a509https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01028a509research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of an antifungal agent with a mixture of antifungal, antibiotic and corticosteroid agents for the treatment of <i>Malassezia</i> species otitis in dogs (2006)

Twenty dogs with otitis externa in both ears and numerous Malassezia species yeasts on cytological examination were treated in one ear with a combination product containing clotrimazole, marbofloxacin and dexamethasone, and in the other ear with a topical antifungal containing miconazole. The effects of the treatments were analysed on the basis of the scores for pruritus, erythema and amount of cerumen, and the number of yeasts on cytological smears. There were reductions in the counts of Malassezia species after both treatments, but the combination product gave significantly greater reductions in erythema, cerumen and pruritus.
Traceability of genetically modified organisms (2002)

EU regulations stipulate the labeling of food products containing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) unless the GMO content is due to adventitious and unintended 'contamination' and not exceeding the 1% level at ingredient basis. In addition, member states have to ensure full traceability at all stages of the placing on the market of GMOs. Both requirements ensure consumers 'right to know', facilitate enforcement of regulatory requirements and are of importance for environmental monitoring and postmarket surveillance. Besides administrative procedures, such as used in quality certification systems, the significance of adequate molecular methods becomes more and more apparent. During the last decade a considerable number of molecular methods have been developed and validated that enable the detection, identification and quantification of GMO impurities. Most of them rely on the PCR technology and can only detect one specific stretch of DNA. It can, however, be anticipated that in the near future the situation will become more complex. The number of GMO varieties, including 'stacked-gene' varieties, which will enter the European Market will increase and it is likely that these varieties will harbor more variable constructs. New tools will be necessary to keep up with these developments. One of the most promising techniques is microarray analysis. This technique enables the screening for a large number of different GMOs within a single experiment.
Determination of Nitrate, Nitrite, and Ammonium Nitrogen Rapid Photometric Determination in Soil and Plant Extracts (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Nitrate, Nitrite, and Ammonium Nitrogen Rapid Photometric Determination in Soil and Plant ExtractsBenjamin. WolfCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1944, 16, 7, 446–447Publication Date (Print):July 21, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 21 July 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i560131a013https://doi.org/10.1021/i560131a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views511Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
From Conventional to Liquid Crystalline Polyesters (1990)

Abstract To obtain liquid crystalline copolyesters with improved thermal behavior, p-acetoxybenzoyloxy-benzoic acid and a variety of dicarboxylic acids derived from p-hydroxybenzoic acid in combination with acetylated hydroquinone derivatives have been used as poly(ethylene terephthelate) (PETP) modifiers. The influence of the modifier structure on thermotropic properties of the copolyesters and results of dynamic mechanical measurements are discussed.