gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of <i>mat</i>K in a <i>trn</i>K group II intron in charophyte green algae and phylogeny of the Characeae (2003)

A group II intron containing the matK gene, which encodes a splicing-associated maturase, was found in the trnK (lysine tRNA) exon in the chloroplast genome of the six extant genera of green algae in the family Characeae, which among green algae are the sister group to embryophytes (land plants). The characean trnK intron (∼2.5 kilobases [kb]) and matK ORF (∼1.5 kb) are comparable in size to the intron and ORF of land plants, in which they are similarly found inserted in the trnK exon. Domain X, a sequence of conserved amino acid residues within matK, occurs in the Characeae. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood (GTR + I + gamma likelihood model) and parsimony (branch and bound search) yielded one tree with high bootstrap support for all branches. The matK tree was congruent with the rbcL tree for the same taxa. The number and proportion of informative sites was higher in matK (501, 31% of matK sequence) compared to rbcL (122, 10%). Characeae branch lengths were on average more than five times longer for matK compared to rbcL and provided better resolution within the Characeae. These findings along with recent genomic analyses demonstrate that the intron and matK invaded the chloroplast genome of green algae prior to the evolution of land plants.
Overwriting repetition and crossing-out detection in online handwritten text (2015)

Noise detection in online handwritten text is an important task for data acquisition. Noise occurs in online handwritten text in various ways. For example, crossing out the previously written text due to misspelling, repeated writing of the same stroke several times following a slightly different trajectory, simply writing corrections over other text are very common. Detection of these unwanted regions is a crucial pre-processing step in automatic text recognition. Currently detection and removal/correction of such regions are often done manually after collecting the data. Particularly for large databases, this can turn into a tedious and costly procedure. Consequently, in this work, we focus on noise detection for database creation. We propose to use different density-based features to distinguish between "relevant" and "unwanted" (or noisy) parts of writing. Using a 2-class HMM based classifier we get encouraging detection rate of unwanted regions from online handwritten text.
Minimal tRNA<sup>Ser</sup> and tRNA<sup>Sec</sup> substrates for human seryl‐tRNA synthetase: contribution of tRNA domains to serylation and tertiary structure (1998)

The recognition process of tRNA(Ser) and tRNA(Sec) by human seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS) was studied using T7 transcripts representing defined regions of human tRNA(Ser) or tRNA(Sec) and the influence of the tRNA elements on serylation and tertiary structure was elucidated. The anticodon arms of both tRNAs showed no contribution to serylation in contrast to the acceptor stems and the long extra arms. D and T arms were only involved in formation of the L-shaped tRNA structure, not in the recognition process between tRNAs and SerRS. This is the first report of microhelices adapted from human tRNAs being aminoacylated by their homologous synthetase.
IVE: an Internet based distributed VHDL environment (2002)

A key requirement for development of new EDA applications is network support. In this paper we introduce IVE, an Internet based, distributed VHDL environment. IVE can distribute VHDL related design data, software components and services over networks. It is implemented purely in Java, so that it is platform independent. It is applicable in distributed, concurrent design, teamwork development and provision of IPs.
Relationship Between the Development and Growth of Rye (Secale cereale L.) and the Potassium Concentration in Solution (1993)

The development and growth of rye ( Secale cereale L. cv. Rheidol) was studied in seedlings grown hydroponically in complete nutrient solutions containing between 10 and 600 µM K + . The phyllochron (defined as the interval between the appearance of successive leaves) was used as a developmental timescale to compare plants. The pattern of both shoot and root development was strictly ordered on a phyllochron basis and was unaffected by solution K + concentration, with the exception that tillers in plants grown at the lowest K + concentrations were occasionally either not initiated or aborted at an early stage of development. However, both the rate of leaf appearance on the main stem and successive tillers and the rate of tiller appearance were slower in plants grown at lower K + concentrations. The rate of leaf appearance on the main stem was reduced to below 90% of its maximal value at solution concentrations below about 50 µM K + . Plant relative growth rate (RGR) was also reduced by lowering the K + concentration of the nutrient solution and fell to below 90% of its maximal value at solution concentrations below about 200 µM K + . There was a complex relationship between tissue K + concentration and the K + concentration of the nutrient solution, which differed between leaves and root. Leaf K + concentration increased steadily from about 50 µmol g -1 f. wt to about 200 µmol g -1 f. wt as solution K + concentration was increased from 10 to 400 µM. In contrast, root K + concentration exhibited a sigmoidal dependence on solution K + concentration, maintaining a minimal value of approximately 20 µmol g -1 f. wt at concentration below 100 µM K + , then increasing progressively to about 120 µmol g -1 f. wt at a solution concentration of 600 µM K + . The 'critical' leaf K + concentration, i.e. the concentration at which either plant RGR or plant development was reduced 90% of its maximal value, was 86 µmol g -1 f. wt for plant RGR and 150 µmol g -1 f. wt for plant development. The 'critical' root K + concentration was 24 µmol g -1 f. wt K + for both RGR and development. A decline in tissue K + concentration below these thresholds reduced plant growth considerably. Root K + concentration was a sensitive indicator of the K + status of the plant with respect to potential growth since plant growth declined abruptly as root K + concentration approached its 'critical' value, whereas plant growth showed a less defined relationship with shoot K + concentration. Copyright 1993, 1999 Academic Press
The Role of Bile and Bile Acids in Bacterial Translocation in Obstructive Jaundice in Rats (1993)

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups in which group 1 received a sham operation (controls), groups 2-5 underwent common bile duct ligation and transection 14 days before the experiments. Two days prior to the studies, animals in groups 1 and 2 received saline orally, while groups 3–5 received an oral administration of either cholic acid, deoxycholic acid or whole bile. Specimens were taken for bacterial culture, and blood was collected for endotoxin assay. The rate of positive bacterial cultures from mesenteric lymph nodes in jaundiced salinetreated animals was significantly higher (p < 0.05) as compared with both controls and the other jaundiced animals treated with either bile or bile acids. Assays were positive for endotoxin in the jaundiced salinetreated group, whereas they were negative in both controls and bile- or bile-acid-treated animals. We conclude that oral administration of cholic acid, deoxycholic acid or whole bile inhibited bacterial translocation and endotoxin absorption in obstructive jaundice in the rat.
Wireless Urban Sensing Systems (2006)

I.A. Emerging personal, social, and urban sensing applications Application context inevitably drives the architecture design choices and the definition of services needed in a network. Over the past decade, the emergence of unanticipated applications of the Internet, such as peer-to-peer file sharing, networked gaming, podcasting, and voice telephony, has contributed to a pressing need to rethink the core Internet infrastructure and its accompanying architectural choices. To truly lay a foundation for tomorrow’s infrastructure, however, requires going beyond simply reacting to applications that have already emerged, to proactively considering the architectural implications of new classes of applications. A key area in this regard involves embedded sensing technology, presently poised to moved beyond scientific, engineering, and industrial domains into broader and more diverse citizen-initiated sensing in personal, social and urban ones. Today, applications are emerging which draw on sensed information about people, objects, and physical spaces. These applications enable new kinds of social exchange: By collecting, processing, sharing, and visualizing this information, they can offer us new and unexpected views of our communities. To achieve their potential, these applications require fundamentally new algorithms and software mechanisms, because physical inputs now become critical. The research
Closed Timelike Curves via Postselection: Theory and Experimental Test of Consistency (2011)

Closed timelike curves (CTCs) are trajectories in spacetime that effectively travel backwards in time: a test particle following a CTC can interact with its former self in the past. A widely accepted quantum theory of CTCs was proposed by Deutsch. Here we analyze an alternative quantum formulation of CTCs based on teleportation and postselection, and show that it is inequivalent to Deutsch's. The predictions or retrodictions of our theory can be simulated experimentally: we report the results of an experiment illustrating how in our particular theory the "grandfather paradox" is resolved.
A Profile of Injuries Sustained by Law Enforcement Officers: A Critical Review (2017)

Due to the unpredictable, varied and often physical nature of law enforcement duties, police officers are at a high risk of work-related physical injury. The aim of this critical narrative review was to identify and synthesize key findings of studies that have investigated musculoskeletal injuries sustained by law enforcement officers during occupational tasks. A systematic search of four databases using key search terms was conducted to identify potentially relevant studies, which were assessed against key inclusion and exclusion criteria to determine studies to be included in the review. Included studies were critically appraised and the level of evidence determined. Relevant data were extracted, tabulated and synthesized. The 16 identified studies ranged in percentage quality scores from 25.00% to 65.00%, with a mean score of 41.25% and high interrater agreement in scores reflected in a Cohen's Kappa coefficient, κ = 0.977. The most common body site of injury was the upper extremity, the most common injury types were soft-tissue sprains and strains and the most common cause of injury was a non-compliant offender, often involving assault. However, there was limited peer reviewed research in this area and the published research had a narrow focus and was of low to fair methodological quality.
A Conversation to Be Inserted Between the "Franklin's Tale" and the "Physician's Tale" (1949)

Fiction by Tom Misch.
Repeatability of peripheral pulse measurements on ears, fingers and toes using photoelectric plethysmography (1988)

Peripheral pulses have been recorded and analysed to determine the accuracy with which pulse transit times (PTTs) can be measured. Measurements of PTT between the ECG Q-wave and various peripheral sites were made in 10 normal subjects on 10 separate days. Mean values were determined for the ears (174 ms), fingers (245 ms), and toes (361 ms). The technique was sufficiently accurate to detect small changes in PTT due to changes in posture; sitting to lying, 5.2 ms. When comparing simultaneous measurements on bilateral sites only small differences in PTT were discovered, and these were not significant in the study group as a whole. However, these differences were significant in some individuals. When the subjects raised a single arm or leg, significant differences (38 ms and 49 ms respectively) were recorded between sides. The day-to-day repeatability sigma (expressed as the square root of the within-subject mean square variance) of individual PTT measurements on a subject (supine) was for ears, fingers and toes respectively 9.4, 9.2 and 12 ms. For right-left differences the repeatability was 7.2, 5.9 and 14 ms. Hence changes in PTTs, or differences between right and left sides, can be detected from single measurements with 95% confidence if they exceed approximately 20 ms in ears or fingers and 30 ms in toes.
Detection Modes with High Temperature Liquid Chromatography—A Review (2005)

Abstract Recent developments of thermally resistant stationary phases based on porous graphitic carbon, zircon, titania, or organic polymers allow the use of high temperatures in liquid chromatography (HTLC). These temperatures can reach 200°C without any degradation of the stationary phase. Temperature becomes an additional parameter to improve the performance of classical HPLC. Indeed, at high temperature, viscosity and mobile phase polarity decrease while solute diffusion coefficients increase. Thus, with the same hydro‐organic mobile phase, separations 5 to 20 times faster can be obtained without loss of efficiency and the organic modifier content in the mobile phase can be largely reduced. In some cases, a 100% water mobile phase can be used. This allows the hyphenation of HTLC with some detection modes that could not be used in classical LC. These detection modes are more universal, sensitive, or selective than traditional UV detection. This paper reviews the general use of elevated temperatures (up to 200°C) in liquid chromatography. It focuses on detection modes exposing the drawbacks and advantages of several detection modes used in HTLC: Ultraviolet (UV), Flame Ionization Detection (FID), Mass Spectrometry (MS), Evaporative Light‐Scattering Detection (ELSD), Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry (NMR), and Refractive Index detection (RID).
ALICE MUNRO, MARGARET ATWOOD E MARGARET LAURENCE: DESLOCAMENTOS EMPODERANTES DA MULHER E RECONFIGURAÇÃO DA ESCRITA DE AUTORIA FEMININA CANADENSE NA DÉCADA DE 1970 (2017)

Resumo: Este artigo pretende demonstrar como Lives of Girls and Women (1971), de Alice Munro, The Diviners (1974), de Margaret Laurence e Lady Oracle (1976), de Margaret Atwood reorientam a escrita de autoria feminina no Canada na decada de 1970, periodo revolucionario no mundo que tambem ecoou no Canada pos-colonial, rural, provinciano e fragmentado nos niveis linguistico, religioso, identitario e cultural. Uma vez que a Segunda Onda do Feminismo influenciou varias escritoras canadenses de 1960 a 1980, nestes tres romances as protagonistas escritoras poem em xeque pressupostos patriarcais cristalizados; abordam claramente as questoes sexuais, de genero e identidade feminina; e implodem as restricoes de “esfera publica/esfera privada”, realcando a relevância dos deslocamentos emocionais, nacionais e transnacionais das protagonistas para o seu empoderamento subjetivo, processo emoldurado pela retomada dos rastros de uma tradicao de escrita feminina obliterada, usurpada e silenciada pelo patriarcalismo, mas que ressurge com contornos de diferenca da ficcao masculina, antes modeladora da representacao identitaria feminina na literatura. Para esse fim, dentre outros/as teoricas/os, contamos com Virginia Woolf, Toril Moi, Coral Ann Howells, Elaine Showalter, Mary Eagleton, Sandra Almeida e Eva Hoffman.
[Elevation of the threshold in the rabbit dental pulp test with coumarin: unspecified (local) effect rather than analgesic activity?]. (1982)

The antinociceptive efficacy of Coumarin was tested in mice, rats, and rabbits. No increase in threshold for the antinociceptive reaction was observed in the hot plate test and tail flick response in mice and rats. Using the tooth pulp test in rabbits, the threshold for the licking reaction was increased. This effect was dose dependent and could, at least partially, be antagonized by Naloxone. Because there is no direct opiate-like activity of Coumarin, these results suggest that the effect may be mediated by the release of endogeneous opiate-like peptides. It remains totally unclear why this effect could only be demonstrated in one particular test in one species.
A mutual authentication and key exchange scheme from bilinear pairings for low power computing devices (2007)

In a client-server network environment, a mutual authentication and key exchange scheme is an important security mechanism to provide two parties with the property that they can authenticate each other's identity while they may construct a common session key. With rapid growth of mobile wireless networks, the computational cost on the client side with low power computing devices is a critical factor of the security scheme design. This paper presents a mutual authentication and key exchange scheme using bilinear pairings. Based on the computational Diffie-Hellman assumption and the random oracle model, we show that the proposed scheme is secure against passive attack, forgery attack and ID attack while it provides mutual authentication, implicit key confirmation and partial forward secrecy. A performance analysis demonstrates that our scheme is well suited for smart cards with limited computing capability.
[Doubts and problems of phytotherapy]. (2004)

Phytotherapy and pharmacotherapy are closely related. The mode of action of phytopharmaca with no strong effect is often explained cell biologically and pharmacologically in a too general way. The origin of some herb teas and herbal medicinal products, distributed by product distributor networks, is often uncertain, often originating from abroad. The imprecise denomination of drug components, as well as the unscientific description of indications make abuses possible and are harmful for the upsurge of phytotherapy. For these reasons more potential should be given to the preparation of herb tea mixtures and herbal medicinal products that can be prepared in pharmacies as well. Inland medicines, curative or illness-preventing products that are prepared from checked components and licensed for distribution should be favoured.
Resuscitation of Ischemic Donor Livers with Normothermic Machine Perfusion: A Metabolic Flux Analysis of Treatment in Rats (2013)

Normothermic machine perfusion has previously been demonstrated to restore damaged warm ischemic livers to transplantable condition in animal models. However, the mechanisms of recovery are unclear, preventing rational optimization of perfusion systems and slowing clinical translation of machine perfusion. In this study, organ recovery time and major perfusate shortcomings were evaluated using a comprehensive metabolic analysis of organ function in perfusion prior to successful transplantation. Two groups, Fresh livers and livers subjected to 1 hr of warm ischemia (WI) received perfusion for a total preservation time of 6 hrs, followed by successful transplantation. 24 metabolic fluxes were directly measured and 38 stoichiometrically-related fluxes were estimated via a mass balance model of the major pathways of energy metabolism. This analysis revealed stable metabolism in Fresh livers throughout perfusion while identifying two distinct metabolic states in WI livers, separated at t = 2 hrs, coinciding with recovery of oxygen uptake rates to Fresh liver values. This finding strongly suggests successful organ resuscitation within 2 hrs of perfusion. Overall perfused livers regulated metabolism of perfusate substrates according to their metabolic needs, despite supraphysiological levels of some metabolites. This study establishes the first integrative metabolic basis for the dynamics of recovery during perfusion treatment of marginal livers. Our initial findings support enhanced oxygen delivery for both timely recovery and long-term sustenance. These results are expected to lead the optimization of the treatment protocols and perfusion media from a metabolic perspective, facilitating translation to clinical use.
Coherent combining of two quantum-cascade lasers in a Michelson cavity (2010)

We developed a Michelson-type cavity to achieve coherent combining of two quantum-cascade lasers, emitting at around 4.5microm. We report a cw combining efficiency of 85% (up to 91% near threshold) with good beam quality (M(2)<1.4). Despite the interferometric nature of the coupling mechanism, this type of cavity can withstand disturbance from the laboratory environment without significant power fluctuations. Finally, the spectral behavior and the output power dependence on current are explored.
Extracellular nucleotide signaling along the renal epithelium (2001)

During the past two decades, several cell membrane receptors, which preferentially bind extracellular nucleotides, and their analogs have been identified. These receptors, collectively known as nucleotide receptors or "purinergic" receptors, have been characterized and classified on the basis of their biological actions, their pharmacology, their molecular biology, and their tissue and cell distribution. For these receptors to have biological and physiological relevance, nucleotides must be released from cells. The field of extracellular ATP release and signaling is exploding, as assays to detect this biological process increase in number and ingenuity. Studies of ATP release have revealed a myriad of roles in local regulatory (autocrine or paracrine) processes in almost every tissue in the body. The regulatory mechanisms that these receptors control or modulate have physiological and pathophysiological roles and potential therapeutic applications. Only recently, however, have ATP release and nucleotide receptors been identified along the renal epithelium of the nephron. This work has set the stage for the study of their physiological and pathophysiological roles in the kidney. This review provides a comprehensive presentation of these issues, with a focus on the renal epithelium.
Molecular characterization of the gene locus of the human cell proliferation‐associated nuclear protein defined by monoclonal antibody Ki‐67 (1996)

The human antigen defined by the monoclonal antibody Ki-67, the 'Ki-67 protein', is an ubiquitously expressed human nuclear protein strictly associated with cell proliferation and is widely used in routine pathology as a 'proliferation marker' to measure the growth fraction in human tumours. In immunoblots of proteins from proliferating cells, Ki-67 detects two bands with the apparent molecular weights of 345 and 395 kDa. Recently we reported on the cloning and sequencing of the complete cDNA of the Ki-67 protein. We found two isoforms of cDNA with full lengths of 11.4 and 12.5 kb, respectively, likely formed by the alternative splicing of exon 7. The remarkable exon 13 at the 'centre' of this gene contains 16 homologous segments of 366 bp (Ki-67 repeats), each including a highly conserved new motif of 66 bp (Ki-67 motif). Computer analyses confirmed that the cDNAs encode for a new class of nuclear proteins. The complete gene locus of the Ki-67 protein, comprising a 74 bp 5' region and a 264 bp 3' region, has been sequenced and aligned to a continuous sequence of 29,965 bp length located on chromosome 10q25-ter. The gene is organized in 15 exons with sizes from 67 to 6845 bp and in 14 introns with sizes from 87 to 3569 bp. Three introns contain homologue copies of 'Alu-repeats'. Interestingly, the introns flanking the alternative spliced exon 7 are free of any consensus donor and acceptor splicing signal. All other intron-exon transitions contained a potential branch site. The complete 5' region including the first two exons represents a CpG-rich island. We found the transcription initiation site in exon two adjacent to the consensus sequence of a cap site. Upstream of this cap site no TATA- or CCAAT-box could be located, but downstream we found two remarkable directly repeated elements of 24 bp lengths each containing a TATA box in inverse orientation.