gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanosized TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalyst Powder via Sol‐Gel Method: Effect of Hydrolysis Degree on Powder Properties (2009)

Nanosized TiO 2 powder was synthesized via sol‐gel method using titanium tetraisopoxide (TPT) as the precursor. Mol ratios of water to TPT were varied from 1 (Powder A), 2 (Powder B), 3 (Powder C), and 4 (Powder D) to evaluate effect of hydrolysis degree. TG/DTA curves showed that amorphous phase turned to anatase crystal structure at ca. 415, 337, 310, and 339 ∘ C for Powders A, B, C, and D, respectively. XRD analysis showed that all the synthesized TiO 2 powders were 100% in anatase form with Powders B and C showing considerably higher crystallinities. The powders obtained at lower water to TPT mol ratios were spherical in shape and they became bar‐like shapes higher mol ratios. The lower hydrolysis degree led to higher surface area of the Powder A (24.8 m 2 /g) compared to Powder B (14.6 m 2 /g). From phenol photocatalytic measurement, Powder B was the most efficient attributed to its higher crystallinity.
Biological Activity of Pesticide Conjugates (1976)

Conjugation, by evolutionary design, is a metabolic process whereby endogenous as well as exogenous chemicals are converted to polar components for the purpose of facilitating their removal from the site(s) of continuing metabolic processes. In animals, this is accomplished by the excretion of the more polar metabolites from the body. Elimination may be via the urine and/ or the bile. For example, glucuronide conjugates are excreted mainly in the urine if their molecular weight is approximately 300 or less (1). Those having a molecular weight of 700 or over are excreted largely in the bile, while those of intermediate size are eliminated by both routes. In plants, some elimination of the conjugates may occur but most are simply stored as terminal metabolites in the tissue. Most pesticides, like other exogenous compounds, are subject to a variety of conjugative reaction by living organisms. It is the intent of the current discussion
Epidemiology of Fractures of the Forearm (1962)

1. In an urban population of 209,473, the age-and-sex-specific rate of inicidence of 2,672 fractures of the forearm that occurred during a five-year period were determined. The fractures were classified as to location (distal, shaft, or proximal), degree of trauma (moderate or severe), and displacement (reduced or not reduced). 2. It was found that before the age of forty the incidence of fracture in the distal end of the forearm was about equal in males and females. Above the age of sixty these fractures in women outnumbered those in men by a factor of more than seven. This dramatic rise in the incidence of fracture in the female was associated with progressively less severe trauma and more displacement of the fractures. In males, on the other hand, relatively more severe trauma was found to cause relatively less displacement of the fractures. In females the ratio of metaphyseal to shaft fractures rose from three in children to seventy-two in the aged, whereas in males this ratio changed relatively little. 3. The findings are interpreted as indicatimig that progressive fragility of the skeleton is a major cause of fracture in middle-aged and aged women. This fragility involves spongy bone more than cortical bone. It develops at a later age and is less severe in men. 4. As compared with other criteria for evaluation of age changes in bone, the fracture incidence in a closed population is the most revealing.
Synthesis of Perhydrooxazinones from 2-Aza-3-Trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-Butadiene. A General Route to 3,3-Disubstituted-β-Hydroxy Acids (1999)

1-Phenyl-2-aza-3-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene reacts with aliphatic, aromatic and cyclic ketones to give in good to excellent yields 6,6-disubstituted-1,3-perhydro-oxazin-4-ones which, in turn, have been readily converted into β-hydroxy carboxylic acids.
SIMD extension to VLIW multicluster processors for embedded applications (2003)

We propose a retargetable architecture, based on a multicluster VLIW processor that can exploit either instruction level parallelism (ILP) or ILP and data level parallelism (DLP) jointly in a SIMD fashion. Simulation results show that performances may increase significantly when the application is compiled for the proposed architecture.
INGENIAS development kit: a visual multi-agent system development environment (2008)

The INGENIAS Development Kit, IDK from now on, is the development support tool for the INGENIAS methodology [2]. It is distributed as GPL software and developed in Java. The distribution can be downloaded from http://ingenias.sourceforge.net while updated versions are always available in the subversion repositores hosted within the INGENIAS sourceforge project.
Novel user interaction styles with flexible/rollable screens (2013)

In this paper, we present a novel device concept and interactions, using paper like rollable displays. Concept is designed for devices like mobile phones, tablets, e-ink readers, etc. which have one side and dual side rollable screens. Sensors are used to identify physical modes of device and also visible regions in a physical mode. Latest advances in silicon technology will aid in device packaging with IC chips, camera, battery, etc. Device concept is evaluated using low-fidelity prototypes and evaluation results show that interactions based on physical rolling fare well on novelty and usability aspects.
Evaluation of the Hamburg model of couple therapy in the treatment of low sexual desire and vaginismus. A prospective group comparison (2016)

The Hamburg model of sex therapy was evaluated in a number of studies until the beginning of the 1980s. For the “classic” sexual dysfunctions (e.g. orgasmic dysfunction, vaginismus, erectile dysfunction, and premature ejaculation), response rates of 75%–80% were reported. Later, the indication was extended to hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). However, less is known about the efficacy of the Hamburg model in the treatment of HSDD. In the present analyses, 22 pair treatments were evaluated, with the female subject suffering from either HSDD (12 pairs) or vaginismus (10 pairs). Treatments were carried out as intensive therapies (three weeks with daily sessions) between 1995 and 2011 at the Hamburg Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry. In the statistical analyses, assessments from both therapists and patients were used and collected immediately before and after completion of treatment, as well as three months and approximately 1.5 years after the end of treatment. For vaginismus, similar results to those of previous studies were found. In contrast, catamnestic data indicated that women with HSDD showed poorer results in terms of sexual desire, satisfaction, and coitus frequency. Thus, women with HSDD may not benefit from the Hamburg model in the long run.
Ingot-nucleated Pb1−<i>x</i>Sn<i>x</i>Te diode lasers (1976)

Large high-quality Pb1−xSnxTe single crystals (x=0.13) have been grown by a horizontal vapor-growth process in which the horizontal temperature gradient is adjusted to produce nucleation on the source ingot. The crystals are free of metallic inclusions, low-angle grain boundaries and voids, and have bulk dislocation densities as low as 2×104/cm2. Diode lasers having up to 400-μW single-mode cw power near 10.6 μm have been fabricated from these crystals. Material quality, particularly dislocation density, appears to be the major factor governing device performance.
The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor inhibitor picropodophyllin causes tumor regression and attenuates mechanisms involved in invasion of uveal melanoma cells. (2006)

Our data suggest that IGF-IR is crucial for growth and survival as well as invasion and metastasis of uveal melanoma cells. Targeting this receptor may therefore comprise a strategy to treat ongoing disease (today incurable) as well as a strategy to prevent development of metastases in patients with primary disease.
Design of collaborative agent system with access control for smart-office environment (2002)

In much research, electronic devices are connected to the network, and these devices are used for services in a unifying way. In such environments, it is clear that security has an important role for users. However, there are many difficulties because of the number of devices, uses and these relationships. In this paper, we describes the communication mechanisms for dynamic collaboration for these devices with access control.
Potent, Orally Active, Competitive N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Antagonists Are Substrates for a Neutral Amino Acid Uptake System in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (1995)

A series of enantiomerically pure (phosphonomethyl)-substituted phenylalanine derivatives related to SDZ EAB 515 (1) were prepared as competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. Unlike most known competitive NMDA antagonists, analogs in this series with the S-configuration are potent NMDA antagonists whereas analogs with the unnatural R-configuration are weak NMDA antagonists, as determined by receptor binding experiments and their anticonvulsant action in mice. Examination in a previously reported competitive NMDA pharmacophore model revealed that receptor affinity can be explained partially by a cavity that accommodates the biphenyl ring of 1, while the biphenyl ring of the R-enantiomer 2 extends into a disallowed steric region. We proposed that analogs with the natural S-configuration and a large hydrophobic moiety would have an advantage in vivo over analogs with an R-configuration by being able to use a neutral amino acid uptake system to enhance both peripheral adsorption and transport into the brain. Examination in a system L neutral amino acid transport carrier assay shows that 1 competes with L-Phe for transport in an apparent competitive and stereospecific manner (estimated Ki = 50 microM). The 1- and 2-naphthyl derivatives 3a,3b were found to be among the most potent, competitive NMDA antagonists yet discovered, being ca. 15-fold more potent than 1 in vitro and in vivo, with a long duration of action. The title compound 3a had potent oral activity in MES (ED50 = 5.0 mg/kg). 3a also retains its ability to compete, albeit more weakly than 1 (estimated Ki = 200 microM), for L-Phe uptake to CHO cells. In this series, analogs with the R-configuration are not substrates for the system L neutral amino acid transport carrier. These results provide evidence that central nervous system active agents can be designed as substrates of a neutral amino acid transporter as a means to enhance penetration of the blood-brain barrier.
Test reordering for improved scan chain diagnosis using an enhanced defect diagnosis procedure (2017)

A test reordering algorithm is presented to improve the results of scan chain diagnosis when a limited amount of fail data is collected by the tester. Tests are reordered based on information derived by applying an enhanced defect diagnosis procedure to the faulty units with scan defects. Tests that are found important for diagnosis of more faulty units are placed earlier in the test set based on the expectation that these tests will be useful for diagnosis of other faulty units as well. Experimental results collected for benchmark circuits in the presence of single and multiple scan chain defects indicate that reordering tests based on diagnostic information improves the quality of scan chain diagnosis when a limited amount of fail data is collected by the tester.
The cell envelope structure and properties of Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155: is there a clue for the unique transformability of the strain? (2005)

Mycobacterium smegmatis is often used as a surrogate host for pathogenic mycobacteria, especially since the isolation of the transformable smooth morphotype strain mc(2)155 from the isogenic rough wild-type strain ATCC 607. Biochemical analysis of the cell envelope components revealed a lack of polar glycolipids, namely the lipooligosaccharides and the polar subfamilies of glycopeptidolipids, in the mc(2)155 strain. In addition, the latter strain differs from its parent by the distribution of various species of glycolipids and phospholipids between the outermost and deeper layers of the cell envelope. The presence of filamentous and rope-like structures at the cell surface of mc(2)155 cells grown in complex media further supported an ultrastructural change in the cell envelope of the mutant. Importantly, a significantly more rapid uptake of the hydrophobic chenodeoxycholate was observed for the mutant compared to wild-type cells. Taken together, these data indicate that the nature of the surface-exposed and envelope constituents is crucial for the surface properties, cell wall permeability and bacterial phenotype, and suggest that the transformable character of the mc(2)155 strain may be in part explained by these profound modifications of its cell envelope.
Bridging Mode Connectivity in Loss Landscapes and Adversarial Robustness (2020)

Mode connectivity provides novel geometric insights on analyzing loss landscapes and enables building high-accuracy pathways between well-trained neural networks. In this work, we propose to employ mode connectivity in loss landscapes to study the adversarial robustness of deep neural networks, and provide novel methods for improving this robustness. Our experiments cover various types of adversarial attacks applied to different network architectures and datasets. When network models are tampered with backdoor or error-injection attacks, our results demonstrate that the path connection learned using limited amount of bonafide data can effectively mitigate adversarial effects while maintaining the original accuracy on clean data. Therefore, mode connectivity provides users with the power to repair backdoored or error-injected models. We also use mode connectivity to investigate the loss landscapes of regular and robust models against evasion attacks. Experiments show that there exists a barrier in adversarial robustness loss on the path connecting regular and adversarially-trained models. A high correlation is observed between the adversarial robustness loss and the largest eigenvalue of the input Hessian matrix, for which theoretical justifications are provided. Our results suggest that mode connectivity offers a holistic tool and practical means for evaluating and improving adversarial robustness.
SILK: a simulated evolution router (1989)

The authors present a rip-up-and-rerouter based on a matrix representation scheme and simulated evolution technique for solving detailed routing problems in VLSI layout. The status of the routing region is represented as a matrix. Rip-up and reroute operations are emulated as matrix subtractions and additions, respectively. The quality of a routing result can be measured by a few simple matrix operations on the matrix. A rip-up and reroute switch-box/channel router, called SILK, using a simulated evolution technique has been implemented based on this representation alone. Experimental results showed that SILK, when solving all the benchmarks from the literature, outperformed WEAVER, the most successful switch-box router to date, in both quality and speed aspects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Simplification of ASM No. 2 using Anaerobic-Aerobic-Anoxic SBR (2008)

ASM No. 2(Activated sludge model No. 2) is very useful model to analyze the wastewater treatment which removes nitrogen and phosphorus. But, it is difficult to apply ASM No. 2 to control of wastewater treatment since it has 17 material divisions and 46 parameters. So the purpose of this study was the simplification of ASM No. 2 and the provement of simplification model. Firstly ASM No. 2 was simplified with 5 material division and three phases(Anaerobic, aerobic, anoxic phases). The simplified model was proved by R-square using track study data. As a result of provement, the values of R-square in NH4+ were 0.9815 in ASM No. 2 and 0.9250 in simplified model and in NO3- were 0.8679 in ASM No. 2 and 0.7914 in simplified model and in PO43- are 0.9745 in ASM No. 2 and 0.9187 in the simplified model when the ability to express the material variation was compared by R-square. So, the simplified model has enough ability to express the variation of NH4+, NO3- and PO43-.
THE STATUS OF GEL PROPELLANTS IN YEAR 2000 (2002)

The present study is a review of the main aspects of gel propellant research and development. The work deals with the following subjects: Historical background of gel propellants; Advantages of gel propellants in comparison to liquid and solid propellants: safety, performance, storage; Theoretical performance evaluation of different gel propellant formulations for various missions; Rheological characterization: definition of the gel type, rheometry, identification of the parameters that affect the rheological properties; Preparation of gel propellants, gellants, compatibility of the ingredients; Flow behavior: power law, shear dunning fluids in pipes and injectors, thixotropic effect; Atomization: investigation of non-Newtonian fluid atomization characteristics, feeding systems; Combustion behavior: non-metallized fuel droplet ignition and burning, metallized fuel combustion and secondary atomization, combustion of gel fuels in small motors.
Exploiting iterative learning control for input shaping, with application to a wafer stage (2004)

The objective of an input design technique is to design an input to the system that results in an optimal tracking performance given some knowledge of the system response. Many such techniques focus on eliminating excitation of certain dominant system poles from the trajectory thus reducing any vibrations caused by these system poles. A downside to these methods is that they result in an elongation of the original trajectory. For a point-to-point control setting this means that there will be a trade-off between the elongation of the trajectory and the reduction of the settling time. In this paper will be shown that iterative learning control (ILC) can be used to design the input signal (trajectory) for a point-to-point motion in a way that eliminates all vibrations in the system without any elongation of the trajectory. This result is exactly the objective of classic input shaping techniques. The technique is illustrated with an application to a high precision wafer-stage.
A scalable delay insensitive asynchronous NoC with adaptive routing (2010)

Network-on-Chip (NoC) is a very practical and achievable approach to overcome bus limitation problems. However as NoC size increases, clock distribution becomes a major problem in Network-on-Chip systems. Large synchronous NoCs require a fine and complex design of clock tree which leads to large areas and high power consumption. In this paper, we propose an asynchronous NoC (ANoC) that features asynchronous links and asynchronous adaptive routing mechanism. Routers and links are based on Quasi Delay Insensitive (QDI) logic and they only require minimum timing assumptions. This makes the proposed design very scalable and suitable for large Global Asynchronous Local Synchronous Systems. The experiment results show that our proposed ANoC outperforms the synchronous NoC especially when the NoC size becomes large.
Tertiary Phosphines and Phosphine Oxides Containing a 2-Haloethyl Group<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTertiary Phosphines and Phosphine Oxides Containing a 2-Haloethyl Group1Robert F. Struck and Y. Fulmer ShealyCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1966, 9, 3, 414–416Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00321a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00321a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views327Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An RFID-Enabled Road Pricing System for Transportation (2008)

Fuel efficiency of Oregon's automobile fleet has eroded fuel tax revenues over the past 30 years. Further improvement of automobile fuel efficiency, particularly with the adoption of the hybrid electric vehicle engine, will have an even more dramatic effect on fuel tax revenues in the near future. In 2003, Oregon State University in collaboration with the Oregon Department of Transportation and the Road User Fee Task Force began investigating a vehicle miles traveled-based alternative to the fuel tax. The culminating phase of this four year effort was the execution of a pilot test involving approximately 250 volunteer drivers. The objective of this paper is to discuss the lessons learned in the design, development, and testing of the vehicle miles traveled-based technology configuration used to support Oregon's pilot test, especially the challenges faced with the use of radio frequency identification technology to identify and collect vehicle miles traveled data from equipped vehicles.
Inhibitory Effects of Nobiletin on Hepatocellular Carcinoma <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2013)

Nobiletin (5, 6, 7, 8, 3' 4'-hexamethoxyflavone) is a major anticancer component in juice from zhishi (Rutaceae). This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Nobiletin on hepatic cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), growth curve, and clonogenic assay showed that nobiletin inhibited the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. Hoechst staining observed the characteristics of cell apoptosis in nobiletin-treated cells, and the apoptotic rates of treated groups were increased in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that nobiletin could block the cell cycle arrested at G2 phase. Cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Results showed that cell cycle phase distribution analysis showed G2 arrest. It was found that nobiletin downregulated the expressions of Bcl-2 and COX-2 and up-regulated the expressions of Bax and caspase-3 in SMMC-7721 cells by western blotting. The experiment in vivo demonstrated that nobiletin significantly inhibited the growth of H22 transplantable tumor, downregulated the expressions of COX-2, up-regulated the expressions of Bax and caspase-3 detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting, and the ratios of Bcl-2/Bax were decreased. Our results suggest that nobiletin has significant inhibitory effects on hepatocellular carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo.