gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Online Performance Optimization of a DC Motor Driving a Variable Pitch Propeller (2013)

A practical online optimization scheme is developed for performance optimization of an electrical aircraft propulsion system. The goal is to minimize the power extraction of the propulsion system for any given thrust value. The online optimizer computes the optimum pitch angle of a variable pitch propeller by minimizing the power of the system for a command thrust value. This algorithm is tested on a DC motor driving a variable pitch propeller; the experimental hardware setup of the DC motor along with its variable pitch propeller is also described. Experimental results show the efficiency and practicality of the proposed online optimization scheme. Outstanding issues are sketched.
MedTextus: An Ontology-enhanced Medical Portal (2002)

This Conference Proceeding is brought to you for free and open access by the CGU Faculty Scholarship at Scholarship @ Claremont. It has been
Structural studies of cysteine proteases and their inhibitors. (2001)

Cysteine proteases (CPs) are responsible for many biochemical processes occurring in living organisms and they have been implicated in the development and progression of several diseases that involve abnormal protein turnover. The activity of CPs is regulated among others by their specific inhibitors: cystatins. The main aim of this review is to discuss the structure-activity relationships of cysteine proteases and cystatins, as well as of some synthetic inhibitors of cysteine proteases structurally based on the binding fragments of cystatins.
Effects Of Different Fibers On Bowel Habits In Healthy Individuals (2006)

Objective To investigate safety and efficacy of insoluble (wheat, corn) and soluble (Psyllium, and viscous fiber blend‐ PGX) fiber on bowel habits in healthy individuals. Methods Using a randomized, single blind, crossover design, participants were placed on a typical North American metabolic diet (50% carbohydrates, 35% fat and 15% protein, dietary fiber 15±5 g/day) and received addition of either: All Bran (AB), Bran Buds with Corn (BBC), Bran Buds with Psyllium (BBP), viscous fiber blend (PGX) breakfast cereals, or a low‐fiber wheat based cereal (control) for three weeks separated by at least one‐week washout period. Twenty three healthy participants (12M:11F, age 35±12 years, BMI 24±5 kg/m 2 ) were included in the final analyses. Changes in bowel habits and symptom diary were compared to baseline and the low fiber control. Results All study cereals ‐ AB, BBC, BBP and PGX ‐ induced significant increases in wet stool weight compared to control (52%, 55%, 85% and 49% respectively, p<0.05) and baseline (50%, 52%, 83% and 47%, p<0.05), with lower stool weight in females in all groups. AB, BBC, BBP and PGX also significantly increased stool frequency compared to control (21%, 24%, 31% and 28%,p<0.05) and baseline (15%, 18%, 25% and 22%, respectively, p<0.05), with no significant side effects. Conclusions Addition of breakfast cereals containing different sources of water‐insoluble and soluble dietary fibers to a metabolically controlled, typical North American diet, increases both stool weight and frequency of bowel movement. The Psyllium enriched breakfast cereal was more effective than other studied fibers in promoting fecal bulk. Research Support: Kellogg’s Company, Inovobiologic Inc, Calgary
Protein coated electrodes (1974)

We describe a simple method for coating platinized Pt electrodes with bovine serum albumin. The coating does not alter the electrical properties of the electrodes in dilute salt solutions, seems to be durable enough for extended use, and, most importantly, prevents a specific type of surface reaction from occurring between the Pt surface and a sucrose buffer. These electrodes are then used for studies of cellular electrokinetic phenomena by the technique of laser Doppler spectroscopy.
Reduced VEGF Production, Angiogenesis, and Vascular Regrowth Contribute to the Antitumor Properties of Dual mTORC1/mTORC2 Inhibitors (2011)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is implicated widely in cancer pathophysiology. Dual inhibition of the mTOR kinase complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 decreases tumor xenograft growth in vivo and VEGF secretion in vitro, but the relationship between these two effects are unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of mTORC1/2 dual inhibition on VEGF production, tumor angiogenesis, vascular regression, and vascular regrowth, and we compared the effects of dual inhibition to mTORC1 inhibition alone. ATP-competitive inhibitors OSI-027 and OXA-01 targeted both mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling in vitro and in vivo, unlike rapamycin that only inhibited mTORC1 signaling. OXA-01 reduced VEGF production in tumors in a manner associated with decreased vessel sprouting but little vascular regression. In contrast, rapamycin exerted less effect on tumoral production of VEGF. Treatment with the selective VEGFR inhibitor OSI-930 reduced vessel sprouting and caused substantial vascular regression in tumors. However, following discontinuation of OSI-930 administration tumor regrowth could be slowed by OXA-01 treatment. Combining dual inhibitors of mTORC1 and mTORC2 with a VEGFR2 inhibitor decreased tumor growth more than either inhibitor alone. Together, these results indicate that dual inhibition of mTORC1/2 exerts antiangiogenic and antitumoral effects that are even more efficacious when combined with a VEGFR antagonist.
Ranking suspected answers to natural language questions using predictive annotation (2000)

In this paper, we describe a system to rank suspected answers to natural language questions. We process both corpus and query using a new technique, predictive annotation, which augments phrases in texts with labels anticipating their being targets of certain kinds of questions. Given a natural language question, our IR system returns a set of matching passages, which we then rank using a linear function of seven predictor variables. We provide an evaluation of the techniques based on results from the TREC Q&A evaluation in which our system participated.
Proposed physical mechanism for upper-lower atmospheric coupling from GPS perspective (2011)

Upper-lower atmospheric coupling due to its transport energy that occurs throughout the Sun-Earth system is fundamental science to space physics, aerospace and satellite communication, meteorology and terrestrial climate cycle. Upper-lower atmospheric coupling studies can explain some physical mechanisms of how solar activity influences terrestrial weather/climate changes. To clarify this coupling, the analysis of propagation delays in GPS-transmitted signals in the upper and lower atmosphere during transient events associated with intense geomagnetic storms is conducted within the Antarctic polar cap. From the correlation between the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) and tropospheric precipitable water vapor (PWV) variations, the global electric circuit (GEC) is identified as a possible physical mechanism for the coupling process.
Ribavirin Aerosol in the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2: A Case Series (2021)

Ribavirin is an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor with demonstrated activity against coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Five hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (confirmed by positive tests for SARS-CoV-2) received treatment with ribavirin for inhalation solution (ribavirin aerosol) as part of a compassionate use program. Patients included four men and one woman, with an age range of 29-72 years. Patients were managed according to international and Italian treatment guidelines for COVID-19. In addition, therapy with ribavirin aerosol 100 mg/mL was administered for 30 min twice daily for 6 days (i.e., 12 doses) in all patients. In order to address concerns about a possible increase in viral dispersal with the use of a nebulizer, healthcare providers remained outside the patient room during ribavirin aerosol administration. Pretreatment chest computed tomography (CT) scans showed pseudonodular areas of parenchymal thickening in the upper right lobe with associated ground glass opacities, multiple areas of parenchymal consolidation in both lower lobes with associated ground glass opacities, bilateral parenchymal thickening and multiple associated ground glass areas, or focal ground glass areas in the upper lobes bilaterally, which were almost completely resolved (three patients) or moderately cleared (one patient) on imaging at the end of ribavirin treatment. For a fifth patient, CT scans showed a stable pulmonary picture at the end of ribavirin treatment. No adverse reactions to ribavirin treatment were observed in any of the five patients. All patients recovered fully, and nasopharyngeal swabs obtained after hospital discharge tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Ribavirin aerosol appears to be efficacious in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. A controlled trial of ribavirin aerosol is ongoing and will provide additional data across a broader patient population.
Chagas' disease parasite promotes neuron survival and differentiation through TrkA nerve growth factor receptor (2004)

TrkA is a receptor tyrosine kinase activated primarily by nerve growth factor (NGF) to regulate differentiation, survival, and other important functions of neurons. Given the critical role TrkA plays in neural maintenance, it may be that microbial invaders of the nervous system utilize this receptor to reduce tissue damage for maximizing host-parasite equilibrium. Candidate pathogens could be those, like Trypanosoma cruzi, which may produce relatively little brain or nerve damage in long-lasting infections. We show here that T. cruzi, via its neuraminidase, binds TrkA in a NGF-inhibitable manner, induces TrkA autophosphorylation, and, through TrkA-dependent mechanisms, triggers phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt kinase signaling, cell survival, and neurite outgrowth. Unlike NGF, the neuraminidase does not react with the apoptosis-causing pan-neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. Therefore, these studies identify a novel and unique TrkA ligand in a microbial invader of the nervous system, raising the thus far unsuspected prospect of TrkA underlying clinical progression of an important human infectious disease.
Spectrophotometric Studies for Complex Formation of Diammonium 1,4,10,13-Tetraoxa-7,16-diazacycrooctadecane-bis(<i>N</i>-carbodithioate) with Transitional Metal Ions under Coexistence of Alkali Matal Ion and Alkali Earth Matal Ion (1999)

Abstract A new bifuntional ligand, Diammonium 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacycrooctadecane-bis(N-carbodithioate), has been synthesized. The UV-spectra of Ni(II)-chelate of the ligand was changed by addition of Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+ and Mg2+. The composition of Pb(II)-chelate was changed from 1:1 (metal:ligand) to 1:2 by addition of Na+, K+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and Sr2+. These changes were produced by the change in the conformation of the diaza-crown ring in the ligand.
Integration of the Partial Differential Equations for the Hypergeometric Functions <i>F</i>1 and <i>FD</i> of Two and More Variables (1964)

From Kummer's 24 solutions of the ordinary hypergeometric equation and their connections, the general solution of the partial differential equations for the Appell function F1 in the neighborhood of the singular points is found. Connections between the solutions are given to the extent required to continue the F1 function to the neighborhood of any of its singular points. The corresponding problem for the hypergeometric function FD of more than two variables is briefly indicated.
Functional Films of Maleic Anhydride Copolymers under Physiological Conditions (2005)

Reactivity and swelling of nanometer films of alternating maleic anhydride copolymers were investigated in dependence on the kind of comonomer and molar mass of copolymer in aqueous solution at pH 7.4 and pH 3.0 in order to reveal their characteristics under physiological conditions. Fully hydrolyzed (maleic acid) chains of the copolymers with styrene, propene, and ethylene comonomers covalently bound to SiO2 substrates showed a "mushroom" swelling behavior at pH 7.4 with a layer thickness scaling of N3/5. Decreasing the environmental pH was found to induce a comonomer-dependent shrinking or collapse of the immobilized polymers due to the change in ionization. From the swelling kinetics of non-hydrolyzed chains, the time constants and characteristics of swelling and anhydride hydrolysis were determined and found to depend on the type of comonomer. The short- and long-term swelling kinetics [l approximately t and approximately ln(t)1/2] were found to be in agreement with theoretical models of polymer swelling, while at intermediate time scales enhanced swelling was observed due to hydrolysis reaction of maleic anhydride groups. The findings elucidate the variety of properties of maleic anhydride copolymer films under physiological conditions, which can advantageously be applied for biofunctionalization of different templates.
Evaluation of transmit efficiency and SAR for a tight fit transceiver human head phased array at 9.4 T (2016)

Ultra-high field (UHF, ≥7 T) tight fit transceiver phased arrays improve transmit (Tx) efficiency (B<sub>1</sub><sup>+</sup> /√P) in comparison with Tx-only arrays, which are usually larger to fit receive (Rx)-only arrays inside. One of the major problems limiting applications of tight fit arrays at UHFs is the anticipated increase of local tissue heating, which is commonly evaluated by the local specific absorption rate (SAR). To investigate the tradeoff between Tx efficiency and SAR when a tight fit UHF human head transceiver phased array is used instead of a Tx-only/Rx-only RF system, a single-row eight-element prototype of a 400 MHz transceiver head phased array was constructed. The Tx efficiency and SAR of the array were evaluated and compared with that of a larger Tx-only array, which could also be used in combination with an 18-channel Rx-only array. Data were acquired on the Siemens Magnetom whole body 9.4 T human MRI system. Depending on the head size, positioning and the RF shim strategy, the smaller array provides from 11 to 23% higher Tx efficiency. In general, the Tx performance, evaluated as B<sub>1</sub><sup>+</sup> /√SAR, i.e. the safety excitation efficiency (SEE), is also not compromised. The two arrays provide very similar SEEs evaluated over 1000 random RF shim sets. We demonstrated that, in general, the tight fit transceiver array improves Tx performance without compromising SEE. However, in specific cases, the SEE value may vary, favoring one of the arrays, and therefore must be carefully evaluated.
Herbal Remedies in Psychiatric Practice (1998)

Patients' use of alternative and complementary health services has created a need for physicians to become informed about the current literature regarding these treatments. Herbal remedies may be encountered in psychiatric practice when they are used to treat psychiatric symptoms; produce changes in mood, thinking, or behavior as a side effect; or interact with psychiatric medications. English-language articles and translated abstracts or articles (where available) found on MEDLINE and sources from the alternative/complementary health field were reviewed. Each herb was assessed for its safety, side effects, drug interactions, and efficacy in treating target symptoms or diagnoses. A synopsis of the information available for each herb is presented. In many cases the quantity and quality of data were insufficient to make definitive conclusions about efficacy or safety. However, there was good evidence for the efficacy of St John's wort for the treatment of depression and for ginkgo in the treatment of memory impairment caused by dementia. More research is required for most of the herbs reviewed, but the information published to date is still of clinical interest in diagnosing, counseling, and treating patients who may be taking botanical remedies.
Modeling Water, the Hydrophobic Effect, and Ion Solvation (2005)

Water plays a central role in the structures and properties of biomolecules--proteins, nucleic acids, and membranes--and in their interactions with ligands and drugs. Over the past half century, our understanding of water has been advanced significantly owing to theoretical and computational modeling. However, like the blind men and the elephant, different models describe different aspects of water's behavior. The trend in water modeling has been toward finer-scale properties and increasing structural detail, at increasing computational expense. Recently, our labs and others have moved in the opposite direction, toward simpler physical models, focusing on more global properties-water's thermodynamics, phase diagram, and solvation properties, for example-and toward less computational expense. Simplified models can guide a better understanding of water in ways that complement what we learn from more complex models. One ultimate goal is more tractable models for computer simulations of biomolecules. This review gives a perspective from simple models on how the physical properties of water-as a pure liquid and as a solvent-derive from the geometric and hydrogen bonding properties of water.
Effects of an acidic beverage (Coca-Cola) on absorption of ketoconazole (1995)

Absorption of ketoconazole is impaired in patients with achlorhydria. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a palatable acidic beverage (Coca-Cola Classic, pH 2.5) in improving the absorption of ketoconazole in the presence of drug-induced achlorhydria. A prospective, randomized, three-way crossover design with a 1-week wash-out period between each treatment was employed. Nine healthy nonsmoking, nonobese volunteers between 22 and 41 years old were studied. Each subject was randomized to receive three treatments: (A) ketoconazole 200-mg tablet with water (control), (B) omeprazole (60 mg) followed by ketoconazole (200 mg) taken with water, and (C) omeprazole (60 mg) followed by ketoconazole (200 mg) taken with 240 ml of Coca-Cola Classic. The pH values of gastric aspirates were checked after omeprazole was administered to confirm attainment of a pH of > 6. Multiple serum samples were obtained for measurements of ketoconazole concentrations by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The mean area under the ketoconazole concentration-time curve from zero to infinity for the control treatment (17.9 +/- 13.1 mg.h/liter) was significantly greater than that for treatment B (3.5 +/- 5.1 mg.h/liter; 16.6% +/- 15.0% of control). The mean peak concentration was highest for the control treatment (4.1 +/- 1.9 micrograms/ml), for which the mean peak concentration showed a significant increase over that for treatment B. The absorption of ketoconazole was reduced in the presence of omeprazole-induced achlorhydria. However, drug absorption was significantly increased, to approximately 65% of the mean for the control treatment, when the drug was taken with an acidic beverage, such as Coca-Cola.
Guardianship in the South: (1990)

This paper examines the current state of the art in legal guardianship for older persons in the South. The questions guiding this research included: (1) When is guardianship needed?, (2) Who is designated as guardian? and (3) How are the older person's rights guaranteed? The results show considerable variation in policy among the states. Thile there are some strengths in legislation for guardianship, there are also a number of weaknesses. Chief among these is the failure of states to provide for the guardianship of person in addition to the guardianship of property.
Well-being and happiness (2009)

The paper reviews research into the relationship between adult learning and well-being, and identifies a number of policy challenges for future action.
Characteristics and properties of metal aluminum thin films prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition technology (2012)

Metal aluminum (Al) thin films are prepared by 2450 MHz electron cyclotron resonance plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition on glass and p-Si substrates using trimethylaluminum as the precursor and hydrogen as the reductive gas. We focus our attention on the plasma source for the thin-film preparation and annealing of the as-deposited films relative to the surface square resistivity. The square resistivity of as-deposited Al films is greatly reduced after annealing and almost reaches the value of bulk metal. Through chemical and structural analysis, we conclude that the square resistivity is determined by neither the contaminant concentration nor the surface morphology, but by both the crystallinity and crystal size in this process.
Information encoding into and decoding from dot texture for active forms (2003)

We describe here information encoding and decoding methods applied to dot texture for active forms. We employ dot texture made of tiny dots and looking like gray color to print various forms. This facilitates the separation of handwriting from its input frame even under monochrome printing/reading environments. It also makes the forms determine how to process filled-in handwriting according to the information embedded in the dot texture. The embedded information results in an improved recognition rate of handwriting, and allows the form processing to be directed by the form itself rather than by the form reading machine. Thus, the form-reading machine becomes a general-purpose machine allowing different forms inputted into it to be processed differently as specified by each form. We compare various dot shapes and information encoding/decoding methods for those shapes. Then, we present how to locate input frames, separate handwriting from input frames and segment handwriting into characters. We also present preliminary evaluation of the described methods.