gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-term SLOs for reclaimed cloud computing resources (2014)

The elasticity promised by cloud computing does not come for free. Providers need to reserve resources to allow users to scale on demand, and cope with workload variations, which results in low utilization. The current response to this low utilization is to re-sell unused resources with no Service Level Objectives (SLOs) for availability. In this paper, we show how to make some of these reclaimable resources more valuable by providing strong, long-term availability SLOs for them. These SLOs are based on forecasts of how many resources will remain unused during multi-month periods, so users can do capacity planning for their long-running services. By using confidence levels for the predictions, we give service providers control over the risk of violating the availability SLOs, and allow them trade increased risk for more resources to make available. We evaluated our approach using 45 months of workload data from 6 production clusters at Google, and show that 6--17% of the resources can be re-offered with a long-term availability of 98.9% or better. A conservative analysis shows that doing so may increase the profitability of selling reclaimed resources by 22--60%.
Heterocycle-Containing Retinoids. Discovery of a Novel Isoxazole Arotinoid Possessing Potent Apoptotic Activity in Multidrug and Drug-Induced Apoptosis-Resistant Cells (2001)

In a search for retinoic acid (RA) receptor ligands endowed with potent apoptotic activity, a series of novel arotinoids were prepared. Because the stereochemistry of the C9-alkenyl portion of natural 9-cis-RA and the olefinic moiety of the previously synthesized isoxazole retinoid 4 seems to have particular importance for their apoptotic activity, novel retinoid analogues with a restricted or, vice versa, a larger flexibility in this region were designed and prepared. The new compounds were evaluated in vitro for their ability to activate natural retinoid receptors and for their differentiation-inducing activity. Cytotoxic and apoptotic activities were, in addition, evaluated. In general, these analogues showed low cytotoxicity, with the restricted structures being slightly more active than the more flexible ones. As an exception, however, the isoxazole retinoid 15b proved to be particularly able to induce apoptosis at concentrations <5 microM, showing a higher activity than the classical retinoids such as all-trans-RA, 13-cis-RA, and 9-cis-RA and the previously described synthetic retinoid 4. 15b also exhibited a good affinity for the retinoid receptors. Interestingly, another important property of 15b was its ability to induce apoptosis in the HL60R multidrug-resistant (MDR) cell line, at the same concentration as is effective in HL60. Therefore, 15b represents a new retinoid possessing high apoptotic activity in an MDR cell line. The ability of 15b to act on K562 and HL60R cells suggests that this compound may have important implications in the treatment of different leukemias, and its structure could offer an interesting model for the design of new compounds endowed with apoptotic activity on MDR- and retinoid-resistant malignancies.
Ring Closing Metathesis of Unsaturated Amides as a Route to Short and Medium-Sized Unsaturated Lactams and to Ethylenic Pseudopeptides (2001)

Five- to eight-membered unsaturated lactams have been obtained through ring-closing metathesis of unsaturated amides of various chain lengths and substitution patterns. The obtention of nine-membered unsaturated lactams by the same procedure met only with limited success. Also described in this Letter is the obtention of the Z-ethylenic pseudopeptidic analog of l-Phe-l-Phe through hydrolytic ring opening of (3R,6S)-3,6-dibenzyl-3,6-dihydro-2-pyridone obtained by RCM.
Development of run-time UML for JAVA programming language (2002)

Run-time modeling is a method of using the execution data for modeling the real process going on in a program. This paper introduces a run-time modeling scheme as a tool for software visualization and the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is selected to accomplish this concept. To develop a run-time UML, it is necessary to devise user-friendly methods for showing static and dynamic modeling diagrams by mapping source code information and real time execution data to UML diagrams. The proposed scheme is planned to be implemented into an integrated development environment (IDE) using Java.
Australia in the Asian century and its trade implications from economic transformation of China and India (2013)

The Australian Government recently commissioned a White Paper on Australia in the Asian Century. Its aim was to consider the current and likely future course of economic, political and strategic change in Asia, encompassing China, India, the key ASEAN countries as well as Japan and South Korea. The White Paper published in October 2012 sets out a strategic framework to guide Australia's navigation of the Asian Century.
Invariant Radon-Wavelet Packet Signatures for Pattern Recognition (2006)

A novel descriptor for invariant pattern recognition is proposed by using the Radon transform, the shift-invariant wavelet packet transform, and the Fourier transform. Experimental results show that the proposed descriptor achieves high recognition rates under different rotation angles and noise levels. It outperforms a previously developed method under the noisy environment.
Immunoassay of a Somatomedin-Binding Protein from Human Amniotic Fluid: Levels in Fetal, Neonatal, and Adult Sera* (1984)

We developed a specific RIA for a somatomedin (Sm)-binding protein, with an approximate mol wt of 35-40,000, purified from midgestational human amniotic fluid (AF) and termed AF-binding protein (AFBP). After Sephadex G-200 chromatography AFBP-RIA activity was found in fractions of fetal and cord serum only at a kav corresponding to a mol wt of +/- 40,000. Whole serum or plasma dilutions in a range of 1:20 to 1:600 showed parallelism with the standard curve. Sm-binding activity in fetal serum was found solely at a mol wt of 30-40,000; in cord serum additionally at a mol wt range of 150-200,000. AFBP serum or plasma concentrations determined by RIA were influenced by several factors: AFBP values in eight adults were highest in the morning (mean +/- SEM, 0.7 +/- 0.1 mu geq/ml) and lowest at night (0.3 +/- 0.1). AFBP values in pre- and postnatal serum showed a gradual decline with increasing age: fetal serum: mean +/- SEM, 36.7 +/- 15.7 (n = 17); adults: 0.6 +/- 0.07 mu geq/ml (n = 19). In serum from GH-deficient children AFBP concentrations were significantly higher than in an age-matched control group (P less than 0.05). Elevated values also were found in serum of children with end-stage renal failure and in serum of pregnant women at 36 weeks of gestation. AFBP was found in urine of preterm infants (mean +/- SEM, 0.04 +/- 0.005 mu geq/ml; n = 31). AFBP immunoreactivity was demonstrable in serum of three orangoutan mothers and their three children and in medium of a hepatoma cell line (PLC/PRF/5) but not in bovine, porcine, rabbit, or rat serum or in medium of cell cultures of (pre-)term placentae. We conclude that AFBP immunoreactivity is present in pre- and postnatal serum and has striking similarity to an unsaturated serum Sm-binding protein with a mol wt of +/- 40,000.
Estrogenic activity of natural and synthetic estrogens in human breast cancer cells in culture. (1997)

We investigated the estrogenic activity of various environmental pollutants (xenobiotics), in particular the xenoestrogen o,p-DDT, and compared their effects with those of endogenous estrogens, phytoestrogens, and mycoestrogens on estrogen receptor binding capacity, induction of estrogen end products, and activation of cell proliferation in estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer cells in monolayer culture. We also quantified the levels of phytoestrogens in extracts of some common foods, herbs, and spices and in human saliva following consumption of a high phytoestrogen food source (soy milk) to compare phytoestrogen abundance and bioavailability relative to the reported xenoestrogen burden in humans. Results show that natural endogenous estrogens, phytoestrogens, mycoestrogens, and xenoestrogens bind estrogen receptor (ER) in intact cells, but demonstrate marked differences in their ability to induce end products of estrogen action and to regulate cell proliferation. All of the different classes of estrogens stimulated cell proliferation at concentrations that half-saturated ER, but only some classes were able to induce estrogen-regulated end products. Genistein, a common phytoestrogen found in soy foods, differed from the xenoestrogen DDT in its effects on cell proliferation and ability to induce estrogen-regulated end products. Moreover, we found that many of the foods, herbs, and spices commonly consumed by humans contain significant amounts of phytoestrogens, and consumption of soy milk, a phytoestrogen-rich food, markedly increases the levels of phytoestrogens in saliva. In conclusion, our in vitro results predict that a diet high in phytoestrogens would significantly reduce the binding of weak xenoestrogens to ER in target tissues in vivo.
Surface skimming buried heterostructure laser with applications to optoelectronic integration (1991)

We demonstrate the ability to fabricate low-threshold current buried heterostructure lasers with the critical active layers in close proximity to the surface of the laser crystal. These structures readily lend themselves to applications involving optical field interactions on the surface of the crystal. We further demonstrate the compatibility of these structures with lateral heterojunction bipolar transistor fabrication.
A Novel Thermo-Electric Technique to Evaluate Asphaltene Stability and Inhibitor Efficiency in Native Crude Oil Medium (2019)

Asphaltenes represent the most polar solubility fraction of crude oil. The polar-polar interactions between asphaltene-water, asphaltene-clay, or asphaltene-asphaltene molecules can cause severe flow assurance issues in the oilfield such as formation of highly stable emulsion, pore-throat blockages within the reservoir, and plugging of production and transportation flowlines. A novel approach of understanding these polar interactions through thermo-electric measurements is presented in this study, which can evaluate overall asphaltene stability in native crude oil. Most of the techniques currently being used to assess asphaltene stability and efficiency of different asphaltene inhibitors on preventing asphaltene deposition are based on light scattering and transmittance phenomenon. Since crude oils are intrinsically dark colored, these techniques require dilution of the oil sample with solvents like toluene and xylene or precipitants like pentane and heptane. Addition of these chemicals alters the nature and thermodynamic equilibrium of crude oil solubility fractions. Thus, a novel approach of measuring the thermo-electric properties of crude oil and crude oil-asphaltene inhibitor mixtures was developed and tested using a custom-built capacitor setup. The thermo-electric measurements were conducted on 10 different crude oil samples. These samples were altogether tested with 10 asphaltene inhibitors (AI). Measured data was used to indirectly estimate the polarity of the test sample, which is related to the dispersion efficiency of the asphaltene inhibitor. A standard light scattering technique was also used to analyze the oil and oil-inhibitor samples and the results were compared to the thermo-electric method outcomes. It should be noted that some of the oil samples tested in this study were obtained from production systems having asphaltene deposition issues and undergoing effective prevention and remediation treatment. Therefore, it is important for the success of the new technique to not only correlate with the standard light scattering test results but also be able to precisely the efficacy of asphaltene inhibitors for each of the test oil samples. From the results obtained, it was observed that using the thermo-electric method, the asphaltene inhibitors can be accurately screened for all the oil samples and the inhibitor efficiency analyzed in terms of its dosage curve, also agrees well with the conditions observed in the field. A strong correlation between the results obtained from the thermo-electric technique and the light scattering method indicates the validity and higher-level accuracy of the innovative technique. Moreover, direct application of this method on the production platform at the well-head using the native crude oil sample highlights the versitality of this novel method. In addition to testing overall asphaltene stability and inhibitor efficiency, the method can also be used to monitor and optimize the field scale production scenario.
Research and Design of High-Voltage Electronic Power Equipment Monitor System Based on Wireless Communication Technology (2009)

Temperature improvement of electronic power switchgear and handcart contact, as well as circuit breaker contact electrical arc erosion are easy to cause control action failure, trip, and power off, even more serious accident. So, it is a key to realize electric power system running through monitoring high-voltage equipment in real time. This paper design a kind of new high-voltage electric power equipment monitoring system, system uses low power digital temperature sensor TMP100 to realizing temperature collection, MSP430F149 acts as work slave station to complete signal analysis and process, and signal transmits between work slave station and central station by nRF401 wireless transceiver chip. Central station computer connects with inspection touring equipment controller through RS485 interface, which realizes high-voltage electronic equipment inspection touring and centralized monitoring system design. This paper mainly introduces system hardware and part of software design in detail. Through experiment test, system wireless communication accurate, and monitor error is less than plusmn2degC, which meets design require well. Experiment results suggest, through SCM and wireless communication technology, high-low voltage signal transmission-isolation problem is solved effetely, and system realizes multi-temperature signal high precision monitor and communication. This system has many advantages of anti-jamming, enduring high pressure, stable operation, and easy to extended, etc, which has broad application prospects.
Oriented Immobilization of Single DNA Molecules as a Nanostructuring Tool (2002)

To facilitate the directed positioning of molecules on a surface the use of nucleic acids is proposed. For nanostructuring with DNA the deposition of each molecule has to be directed. Two steps are necessary: First, the DNA has to be stretched and second the lengthy molecule has to be fixed at each end in a specific manner. For stretching DNA of several micrometer length AC fields are applied, for anchoring the ends in a specific manner the oligo‐tag method is applied using different immobilization techniques.
Superfine flip-chip interconnection in 20μm-pitch utilizing reliable microthin underfill technology for 3D stacked LSI (2003)

The superfine flip-chip interconnection was evaluated on the chip on chip (COC) structure with the daisy chain patterns. The electroplated Au bumps allocated on the periphery of the Si chip in 20/spl mu/m-pitch were applied to the experiments. The underfill resin incorporated with the hyperfine filler particles achieved the acceptable reliability in the temperature cycling test (TCT) of the micro joints. The results showed no failure over 1,000 cycles with the optimized underfill resin. The finite element method (FEM) analysis found that the hyperfine filler particles in the underfill resin could reduce the equivalent plastic strain of micro-Au-bumps less than 1.0%, especially concentrated around the center of the interconnection at the bonding interface during TCT. In addition, the results in TCT with the optimized underfill resin were superior to the results with no underfill resin even as the results on COC structure. In case of the result with no underfill, it was found that the breakage occurred in the different mode as the results with the underfill resin, which was supposed from the dissimilar distribution of the strain due to the difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the Au bumps and the Si devices.
CAPRYL PYROPHOSPHATE ESTER EXTRACTS URANIUM FROM WET-PROCESS PHOSPHORIC ACID (1959)

Techniques using a capryl-pyrophosphate ester solvent for recovering uranium from impurity-laden wetprocess phosphoric acid are discussed. A flowsheet for the complete process is given. (J.H.M.)
Improving the robustness and accuracy of the marching cubes algorithm for isosurfacing (2003)

This paper proposes a modification of the Marching Cubes algorithm for isosurfacing, with the intent of improving the representation of the surface in the interior of each grid cell. Our objective is to create a representation which correctly models the topology of the trilinear interpolant within the cell and which is robust under perturbations of the data and threshold value. To achieve this, we identify a small number of key points in the cell interior that are critical to the surface definition. This allows us to efficiently represent the different topologies that can occur, including the possibility of "tunnels." The representation is robust in the sense that the surface is visually continuous as the data and threshold change in value. Each interior point lies on the isosurface. Finally, a major feature of our new approach is the systematic method of triangulating the polygon in the cell interior.
Homozygous and Heterozygous CCR5-Δ32 Genotypes Are Associated With Resistance to HIV Infection (2001)

Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses indicated that among high-risk HIV seronegative MSM, CCR5-+/Delta32 and CCR5-Delta32/Delta32 are associated with protection against HIV infection. These findings imply that strategies aimed at reducing susceptibility to HIV infection by blocking CCR5 receptor sites need not seek blockage of all receptor sites to achieve an imperfect but substantial degree of protection.
An Epidemiologic Analysis of Pain in the Elderly (1994)

Despite acknowledgment that pain is likely to be a major problem for many older adults, it is difficult to accurately estimate the frequency of pain problems for this population because of the lack of systematic epidemiological investigation. This article reports a study of the prevalence and nature of pain in a population of 3,097 rural persons 65 years and older (the Iowa 65+ Rural Health Study). Of the subjects, 86% reported pain of some type in the year prior to the interview, and 59% reported multiple pain complaints. Joint pain was the most prevalent site of pain reported, followed by night leg pain, back pain, and leg pain while walking. As reported severity of pain increased, there was a corresponding increase in impact on daily activities.
On computing the H<sub>∞</sub> norm of a transfer matrix (1988)

We present a simple bisection algorithm to compute the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> norm of a transfer matrix. The bisection method is far more efficient than algorithms which involve a search over frequencies, and moreover can compute the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> norm with guaranteed accuracy.
Effect of Opposite Load in Deep Drawing of Thick Blank. (1993)

With a view to regarding deep drawing as a new process for fabricating bottomless tubular elements, a deep drawing test was conducted with thick aluminum material. The test machine had two hydraulic actuators : one for the ordinary deep drawing process, and another for the opposite force. To increase the cup wall height, the opposite force was loaded on the bottom part of the aluminum blank throughout the entire process. The limiting drawing ratio decreased with the increase of the opposite load level, since the opposite force caused stretch-type fracture at the bottom part. But when drawing ratio was under the limiting drawing ratio, and when opposite force was under the limiting opposite force, the cup height could be increased by reducing the bottom thickness, because the lost volume of the bottom part compensated for the wall part.
Wind Profiling by a Conical-Scanning Time-Correlation Lidar (1990)

The presernt paper describes a new concept for a wind profiling technique using a conical scanning-lidar (laser radar). Measurement is based on a time correlation method using the pattern of aerosol and cloud distribution as a tracer. The direction of the laser beam is conically rotated about a vertical axis and lidar signals are collected in the preassigned directions. The analytical method is described as well as the results of field experiments.
Controlling the Spontaneous Emission Rate of Single Quantum Dots in a Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal (2005)

We observe large spontaneous emission rate modification of individual InAs quantum dots (QDs) in a 2D photonic crystal with a modified, high-Q single-defect cavity. Compared to QDs in a bulk semiconductor, QDs that are resonant with the cavity show an emission rate increase of up to a factor of 8. In contrast, off-resonant QDs indicate up to fivefold rate quenching as the local density of optical states is diminished in the photonic crystal. In both cases, we demonstrate photon antibunching, showing that the structure represents an on-demand single photon source with a pulse duration from 210 ps to 8 ns. We explain the suppression of QD emission rate using finite difference time domain simulations and find good agreement with experiment.
Release of virus-like particles from cells infected with poliovirus replicons which express human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag (1996)

The effectiveness of attenuated poliovirus vaccines when given orally to induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses against poliovirus has resulted in an effort to develop poliovirus-based vectors to express foreign proteins. We have previously described the construction of poliovirus genomes (referred to as replicons) in which the complete human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag gene was substituted for the capsid gene (P1) (D.C. Porter, D.C. Ansardi, and C.D. Morrow, J. Virol. 69:1548-1555, 1995). Infection of cells with encapsidated replicons resulted in the expression of a 55-kDa protein. To further characterize the biological features of the HIV-1 Gag proteins expressed in cells infected with encapsidated replicons, we utilized biochemical analysis and electron microscopy. Expression of the 55-kDa protein in cells infected with encapsidated replicons resulted in myristylation of the Pr55gag protein. The Gag precursor protein was released from infected cells; analysis on sucrose density gradients revealed that the precursor sedimented at a density consistent with that of an HIV-1 virus-like particle. Analysis of replicon-infected cells by electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of condensed structures at the plasma membrane and the release of virus-like particles. These studies demonstrate that poliovirus-based vectors can be used to express foreign proteins which require posttranslational modifications, such as myristylation, and assemble into higher-order structures, providing a foundation for the future use of poliovirus replicons as vaccine vectors.
Investigation of nitrogen content influence on electron spin resonance in a-Si:H/a-SiN <sub> <i>x</i> </sub> :H mulatlatyers (1990)

Influence of nitrogen content on electron spin resonance (ESR) in a-Si:H/a-SiNx:H multilayers is studied, associated with infrared absorption analysis. The spin density decreases rapidly in the region x ≳ 0.7 and approaches a saturated value, which is much less than common assumption. The results are explained in terms of the structure relaxation due to the increase of N-H bonds with increasing x and the transfer doping across interfaces.