gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gα12 Directly Interacts with PP2A (2004)

The Galpha(12/13) family of heterotrimeric G proteins modulate multiple cellular processes including regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Galpha(12/13) interact with several cytoskeletal/scaffolding proteins, and in a yeast two-hybrid screen with Galpha(12), we detected an interaction with the scaffolding subunit (Aalpha) of the Ser/Thr phosphatase, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). PP2A dephosphorylates multiple substrates including tau, a microtubule-associated protein that is hyperphosphorylated in neurofibrillary tangles. The interaction of Aalpha and Galpha(12) was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation studies in transfected COS cells and by glutathione S-transferase (GST)-Galpha(12) pull-downs from cell lysates of primary neurons. The interaction was specific for Aalpha and Galpha(12) and was independent of Galpha(12) conformation. Endogenous Aalpha and Galpha(12) colocalized by immunofluorescent microscopy in Caco-2 cells and in neurons. In vitro reconstitution of GST-Galpha(12) or recombinant Galpha(12) with PP2A core enzyme resulted in approximately 300% stimulation of PP2A activity that was not detected with other Galpha subunits and was similar with GTPgammaS- and GDP-liganded Galpha(12). When tau and active kinase (Cdk5 and p25) were cotransfected in to COS cells, there was robust tau phosphorylation. Co-expression of wild type or QLalpha(12) with tau and the active kinase resulted in 60 +/- 15% reductions in tau phosphorylation. In primary cortical neurons stimulated with lysophosphatitic acid, a 50% decrease in tau phosphorylation was observed. The Galpha(12) effect on tau phosphorylation was inhibited by the PP2A inhibitor, okadaic acid (50 nm), in COS cells and neurons. Taken together, these findings reveal novel, direct regulation of PP2A activity by Galpha(12) and potential in vivo modulation of PP2A target proteins including tau.
Photochemical synthesis of heteroatom‐containing polycyclic aromatic compounds (1980)

Abstract Anthra[2,1‐ b ]furan, anthra[2,1‐ b ]benzo[ d ]furan, anthra[2,1‐ b ]thiophene, anthra[1,2‐ b ]thiophene, anthra[2,1‐ b ]benzo[ d ]thiophene, anthra[2,1‐ b ]pyrrole and naphtho[2,3‐ c ]carbazole derivatives were synthesized in fairly good yields by a one‐pot photocycloaddition reaction of 2,3‐disubstituted 1,4‐naphthoquinone with 1,1‐diarylethylene. This is the first reported synthesis of these aromatic compounds.
The Immune Response to Sand Fly Salivary Proteins and Its Influence on Leishmania Immunity (2012)

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease transmitted by bites of phlebotomine sand flies. During Leishmania transmission, sand fly saliva is co-inoculated with parasites into the skin of the mammalian host. Sand fly saliva consists of roughly thirty different salivary proteins, many with known roles linked to blood feeding facilitation. Apart from the anti-hemostatic capacity of saliva, several sand fly salivary proteins have been shown to be immunogenic. Immunization with a single salivary protein or exposure to uninfected bites was shown to result in a protective immune response against leishmaniasis. Antibodies to saliva were not required for this protection. A strong body of evidence points to the role for saliva-specific T cells producing IFN-γ in the form of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction at the bite site as the main protective response. Herein, we review the immunity to sand fly salivary proteins in the context of its vector-parasite-host combinations and their vaccine potential, as well as some recent advances to shed light on the mechanism of how an immune response to sand fly saliva protects against leishmaniasis.
Porque a monitoria já não é mais a mesma: relatos de experiências com educação nutricional e história da alimentação (2012)

O manuscrito relata experiencias de monitoria com a disciplina de Educacao Nutricional e Historia da Alimentacao vinculada ao Curso de Nutricao da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina - UNISUL. Criada em 2005 a partir da necessidade da disci-plina, a monitoria contribui na execucao de atividades teoricas e praticas da disciplina e atua na organizacao e manutencao de uma brinquedoteca. O monitor ainda vivencia momentos de pesquisa e atua em atividades comunitarias no Projeto de Extensao Sabor do Saber.
Structure of melt-spun Fe-Ga based magnetostrictive alloys (2003)

Summary form only given. The Fe-Ga system is characterized by a large solid solubility of Ga in /spl alpha/-Fe, up to 36a% at 1037/spl deg/C. The replacement of Fe by Ga increases /spl lambda//sub 100/ magnetostriction constant by ten fold and maximizes at around 17 to 19a% of Ga. The decrease of /spl lambda//sub 100/ at higher Ga content coincides with the change of structure from the disordered bcc to an ordered phase. In the hope of further increasing /spl lambda//sub 100/, we studied the extent of retaining the disordered bcc phase at room temperature by melt spinning the alloy of Fe/sub 1-x/Ga/sub x/ (x=0.17, 0.21, 0.25 and 0.3). In addition, the magnetostriction of Fe/sub 83/Ga/sub 17/ was reported to be highly anisotropic, with a small negative value of /spl lambda//sub 111/ and a large /spl lambda//sub 100/. It is of technological interest to produce {100}<001> texture in melt-spun ribbons to obtain large magnetic displacement in the length direction. Therefore, we also emphasized our research on the texture of the ribbons as a function of the melt spinning parameters and annealing.
HELENOID Actuators-A New Concept in Extremely Fast Acting Solenoids (1979)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The limitations of conventional solenoids will be explained and reasons given to show that as they are made more powerful their speed of operation decreases. HELENOID actuators are capable of armature travel times in less than one millisec irrespective of preloads or masses, despite the larger size and power required as the duty increases. The relationships between eddy currents and flux penetration; materials and flux leakage; inductance and power supply are illustrated, together with the way they are all interconnected and varying with time, requiring a comprehensive computer program to design for optimum performance.</div>
A beginners' guide to statistical parametric speech synthesis (2010)

Statistical parametric speech synthesis, based on HMM-like models, has become competitive with established concatenative techniques over the last few years. This paper offers a non-mathematical introduction to this method of speech synthesis. It is intended to be complementary to the wide range of excellent technical publications already available. Rather than offer a comprehensive literature review, this paper instead gives a small number of carefully chosen references which are good starting points for further reading.
Synthesis and biological study of some new naphtho[2,1-<i>b</i>]furan and related heterocyclic systems (2006)

In the reaction of 1-cyano-2-naphthol (4) or its sodium salt with different alkylating agent, the O-alkylated derivatives (5a–d) were produced which underwent ring closure reactions using sodium ethoxide solution to give aminonaphtho [2,1- b]furan derivatives (6a–d). Ethyl 3-aminonaphtho[2,1- b]furan-2-carboxylate (8) was reacted with formamide to afford naphtho[1′,2′: 4,5]furo[3,2- d]pyrimidine (11) derivatives. The produced pyrimidino compound underwent various reactions to synthesise other heterocyclic compounds.
Investigation of Quantum-Confinement Effect in a Single CuO Nanowire (2008)

Spatially well separated cupric oxide (CuO) nanowires grown using thermal oxidation method were examined to directly observe the scale structure evolution of lattice vibration modes. Scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies revealed the single crystalline nature and microstructure of a single CuO nanowire. Phonon spectral evolution along the wire axis was investigated using confocal Raman spectroscopy by scanning a single nanowire. The Ag, Bg(1), and Bg(2) phonon modes of CuO that are quantum-confined in radial directions of the thin nanowire evidenced from the observed systematic red-shift, broadening of the peak profile. These results can be well explained based on the phonon confinement model.
Experimental demonstration of reconfigurable pulses generation based on integrated optical differentiators (2016)

We experimentally demonstrate the generation of flat-top, parabolic and triangular pulses with tunable pulse widths from a 20-ps Gaussian pulse using three cascaded optical differentiators, which are implemented with delay interferometers on a SOI platform.
Vaccarin attenuates high glucose-induced human EA•hy926 endothelial cell injury through inhibition of Notch signaling (2016)

Endothelial cell injury is a critical component of atherosclerosis and hypertension. Vaccarin is considered to be of potential benefit in the treatment of vascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible effects of vaccarin in human EA·hy926 cells induced by high glucose, and to investigate its underlying mechanism in the prevention and treatment of high glucose‑induced injury. In the present study, EA·hy926 cells were exposed to 90, 180 and 270 mM high glucose for 24 h, and the induced cell injury was examined using a sulforhodamine B assay. Following treatment with high glucose, it was found that high glucose stimulated cell injury, resulting in reduced cell viability and migratory ability, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. High glucose further accelerated cell apoptosis via activating Notch1 and Hairy and enhancer of split 1. It was found that preincubation with vaccarin protected the EA·hy926 cells from high glucose‑induced cell injury, which promoted cell viability and migratory ability, inhibited the expression levels of LDH and MDA, and enhanced the activity of SOD. Cell migratory ability, LDH leakage, MDA levels and decreasing SOD activity were evaluated using a wound healing assay and corresponding assay kits. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with an Annexin V‑fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide apoptosis detection kit and Hoechst staining. Furthermore, western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels of Notch1, Hes1 and caspase‑3. In particular, in addition to inducing the downregulation of Notch signaling, vaccarin treatment downregulated the cell apoptotic pathway‑associated protein caspase 3. These findings suggested that vaccarin may be able to selectively protect the vascular endothelium from dysfunction induced by high glucose.
Use of Clindamycin Disks To Detect Macrolide Resistance Mediated by <i>ermB</i> and <i>mefE</i> in <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Isolates from Adults and Children (2000)

We studied 198 macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae isolates obtained from adults and children to evaluate whether 2-microgram clindamycin disks can distinguish between isolates manifesting ermB- versus mefE-mediated resistance to clarithromycin and to determine the relative frequency with which each resistance mechanism occurred in these populations. The mefE gene was predominant among 109 isolates from children, occurring in 73.4% versus 50.6% of 89 isolates from adults. Three isolates (1.5%) did not amplify either gene. Among 125 mefE(+) isolates, the MIC of clarithromycin at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited, determined by Etest, was 32 microgram/ml versus >256 microgram/ml in 70 ermB(+) isolates. All ermB(+) isolates were highly resistant to clindamycin (MICs >256 microgram/ml), whereas all mefE(+) isolates were susceptible to clindamycin using the 2-microgram disk. Testing S. pneumoniae from the respiratory tract for susceptibility to clindamycin by agar disk diffusion is an easy and inexpensive method to estimate the frequency of resistance mediated by ermB in specific patient populations. Macrolide resistance mediated by ermB is usually of greater magnitude than that due to mefE. Clinical studies are needed to determine the significance of high- versus low-level macrolide resistance in S. pneumoniae.
Eggshell membrane in the treatment of pain and stiffness from osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study (2009)

Natural Eggshell Membrane (NEM(R)) is a new novel dietary supplement that contains naturally occurring glycosaminoglycans and proteins essential for maintaining healthy articular cartilage and the surrounding synovium. The randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled Osteoarthritis Pain Treatment Incorporating NEM(R) clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NEM(R) as a treatment for pain and stiffness associated with osteoarthritis of the knee. Sixty-seven patients were randomly assigned to receive either oral NEM(R) 500 mg (n = 34) or placebo (n = 33) daily for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in overall Western Ontario and McMasters Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index as well as pain, stiffness, and function WOMAC subscales measured at 10, 30, and 60 days. The clinical assessment was performed on the intent-to-treat population. Supplementation with NEM(R) produced an absolute rate of response that was statistically significant (up to 26.6%) versus placebo at all time points for both pain and stiffness, but was not significantly improved for function and overall WOMAC scores, although trending toward improvement. Rapid responses were seen for mean pain subscores (15.9% reduction, P = 0.036) and mean stiffness subscores (12.8% reduction, P = 0.024) occurring after only 10 days of supplementation. There were no serious adverse events reported during the study and the treatment was reported to be well tolerated by study participants. Natural Eggshell Membrane (NEM(R)) is an effective and safe option for the treatment of pain and stiffness associated with knee osteoarthritis. Supplementation with NEM(R), 500 mg taken once daily, significantly reduced both joint pain and stiffness compared to placebo at 10, 30, and 60 days.
The Streptomycin-Sulfadiazine-Tetracycline Antimicrobial Resistance Element of Calf-Adapted <i>Escherichia coli</i> Is Widely Distributed among Isolates from Washington State Cattle (2007)

ABSTRACT Association of specific antimicrobial resistance patterns with unrelated selective traits has long been implicated in the maintenance of antimicrobial resistance in a population. Previously we demonstrated that Escherichia coli strains with a specific resistance pattern (resistant to s treptomycin, su lfadiazine, and t etracycline [SSuT]) have a selective advantage in dairy calf intestinal environments and in the presence of a milk supplement commonly fed to the calves. In the present study we identified the sequence of the genetic element that confers the SSuT phenotype and show that this element is present in a genetically diverse group of E. coli isolates, as assessed by macrorestriction digestion and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. This element was also found in E. coli isolates from 18 different cattle farms in Washington State. Using in vitro competition experiments we further demonstrated that SSuT strains from 17 of 18 farms were able to outcompete pansusceptible strains. In a separate set of experiments, we were able to transfer the antimicrobial resistance phenotype by electroporation to a laboratory strain of E. coli (DH10B), making that new strain more competitive during in vitro competition with the parental DH10B strain. These data indicate that a relatively large genetic element conferring the SSuT phenotype is widely distributed in E. coli from cattle in Washington State. Furthermore, our results indicate that this element is responsible for maintenance of these traits owing to linkage to genetic traits that confer a selective advantage in the intestinal lumens of dairy calves.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Substituted Imidazo(1,2‐b)(1,2,4)triazines and 8H‐Pyrimido(1,2‐b)‐(1,2,4)triazin‐8‐ones as Potential Antineoplastic Agents. (1987)

Abstract The triazines (III) are prepared by coupling the 1,2‐dicarbonyl compounds (I) with aminoguanidine bicarbonate (II).
Umpolung of Michael Acceptors Catalyzed by <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbenes (2006)

N-Heterocyclic carbenes can catalyze beta-alkylations of a range of alpha,beta-unsaturated esters, amides, and nitriles that bear pendant leaving groups to form a variety of ring sizes. In this process, the nucleophilic catalyst transiently transforms the normally electrophilic beta carbon into a nucleophilic site through an unanticipated addition-tautomerization sequence.
Morphometric analysis of colorectal dysplasia with image processing. (1994)

Nuclear and structural abnormalities on the histological specimens of colorectal dysplasias were quantified by using 10 parameters. From the measured values, the following histological findings were obtained: progression from mild to severe dysplasia was associated with an increase in nuclear size, and nuclear arrangement became more irregular. There was, however, no difference between the nuclear size and arrangement in severe dysplasia and those in carcinoma. The nuclei were spindle shaped in mild and moderate dysplasia. On the other hand, they were relatively round in severe dysplasia and carcinoma. Structural abnormalities tended to increase with the histological abnormalities. These results correspond well with the histological abnormalities by which the pathologists grade dysplasia and diagnose carcinoma subjectively. Therefore, these 10 parameters might be useful for quantifying histological characteristics of colorectal dysplasias.
Catalyst Selectivity in the Reactions of Unsymmetrical Ketones; Reaction of Butanone with Benzaldehyde and p-Nitrobenzaldehyde (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalyst Selectivity in the Reactions of Unsymmetrical Ketones; Reaction of Butanone with Benzaldehyde and p-NitrobenzaldehydeMartin Stiles, Daniel Wolf, and Gwyn V. HudsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 3, 628–632Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1959https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01512a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views782Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (669 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Distinctive urinary odors governed by the major histocompatibility locus of the mouse. (1981)

It has been shown that major histocompatibility complex (MHC) types affect the mating choices of mice and that mice can be trained to distinguish arms of a Y maze scented by odors from MHC-congeneic mice. It is now shown that sensory discrimination of MHC types by trained mice in the Y maze is equally effective with urine as the source of odors. Trained mice, male and female, successfully distinguished between urines of MHC-dissimilar F2 segregants of an MHC-congeneic cross but not between urines of MHC-identical F2 segregants. In a control study with a transfer of training procedure, in which reward was withheld to eliminate any basis for new learning, the trained mice successfully distinguished between urines from panels of MHC-congeneic inbred and F2 segregant congeneic mice that had not previously been used as urine donors. Thus urine, which is a source of chemosensory signals in many species, is also a potent source of the MHC-determined odors that distinguish individual mice.
WBN/Kob-Ht Rats Spontaneously Develop Dermatitis under Conventional Conditions: Another Possible Model for Atopic Dermatitis (2005)

WBN/Kob-Ht rats (Ht-rats) raised under conventional conditions spontaneously developed dermatitis. In this study, we carried out histopathological analysis to elucidate the pathological features of the dermatitis in Ht-rats. We then tried to detect Staphylococcus species recovered from the skin lesions of Ht-rats. We also measured the serum levels of total IgE, IL-4 and IFN-gamma in these rats. The histopathological data indicated that inflammatory cells had infiltrated the skin lesions. Staphylococcus aureus was recovered from the skin lesions, and the serum levels of total IgE and IL-4 were elevated in Ht-rats with dermatitis. These results suggest that dermatitis in Ht-rats is similar to that in the DS-Nh mice, which has recently been proposed as an animal model for human atopic dermatitis.
Dynamic provable data possession (2009)

We consider the problem of efficiently proving the integrity of data stored at untrusted servers. In the provable data possession (PDP) model, the client preprocesses the data and then sends it to an untrusted server for storage, while keeping a small amount of meta-data. The client later asks the server to prove that the stored data has not been tampered with or deleted (without downloading the actual data). However, the original PDP scheme applies only to static (or append-only) files.We present a definitional framework and efficient constructions for dynamic provable data possession (DPDP), which extends the PDP model to support provable updates to stored data. We use a new version of authenticated dictionaries based on rank information. The price of dynamic updates is a performance change from O(1) to O(logn) (or O(nelog n), for a file consisting of n blocks, while maintaining the same (or better, respectively) probability of misbehavior detection. Our experiments show that this slowdown is very low in practice (e.g. 415KB proof size and 30ms computational overhead for a 1GB file). We also show how to apply our DPDP scheme to outsourced file systems and version control systems (e.g. CVS).