gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeted therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma: focus on brentuximab vedotin (2013)

Despite the relative success of chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), novel therapeutic agents are needed for refractory or relapsed patients. Targeted immunotherapy has emerged as a novel treatment option for these patients. Although unconjugated anti-cluster of differentiation (CD)30 antibodies showed minimal antitumor activity in early clinical trials, development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) appears promising. Brentuximab vedotin is an ADC composed of an anti-CD30 antibody linked to a potent microtubule-disrupting agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). It has the ability to target CD30-positive tumor cells and, once bound to CD30, brentuximab vedotin is internalized and MMAE is released to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In two Phase II trials, objective response was reported in 75% and 86% of patients with refractory or relapsed HL and systemic ALCL, respectively, with an acceptable toxicity profile. Based on these studies, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval of brentuximab vedotin in August 2011 for the treatment of refractory and relapsed HL and ALCL. We review the key characteristics of brentuximab vedotin, clinical data supporting its therapeutic efficacy, and current ongoing trials to explore its utility in other CD30-positive malignancies.
Serum Free Light Chain Analysis and Urine Immunofixation Electrophoresis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma (2005)

Serum FLC assays are significantly more sensitive for detecting monoclonal FLC than urine IFE analysis. They also have the advantage of FLC quantification and are more reliable for monitoring disease course and response to treatment.
Selegiline and blood pressure in patients with Parkinson's disease (2006)

Objectives – Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently affects both the extrapyramidal system and the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the latter also being sometimes disturbed by PD medications. Specifically selegiline is known to disturb cardiovascular ANS functions and may cause or enhance orthostatic hypotension. Methods – In order to study the effect of the withdrawal of selegiline on the regulation of blood pressure (BP) in advanced PD, an orthostatic test was performed in 14 PD patients with wearing-off before the morning levodopa dose and thereafter repetitively at 1-h intervals for up to 4 h. A Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor score evaluation was also carried out hourly. The tests were repeated after a 4-week selegiline washout period. Results – Selegiline withdrawal decreased systolic BP significantly during the on-stage in a supine position as well as during the orthostatic test. The initial drop of BP in the orthostatic test was significantly smaller after selegiline withdrawal. The heart rate remained unaffected.
L'imaginaire du code informatique (2004)

Forest David. L'imaginaire du code informatique. In: Communication et langages, n°139, 1er trimestre 2004. Dossier : Le «constructivisme», une nouvelle vulgate pour la communication ? pp. 75-85.
Growth, Thermodynamics, and Electrical Properties of Silicon Nanowires (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTGrowth, Thermodynamics, and Electrical Properties of Silicon Nanowires†V. Schmidt*‡, J. V. Wittemann‡, and U. Gösele‡§∥View Author Information Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany, and School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]†This article is dedicated to the memory of Professor Ulrich Gösele.‡MPI of Microstructure Physics.§Duke University.∥Deceased.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 1, 361–388Publication Date (Web):January 13, 2010Publication History Received7 April 2009Published online13 January 2010Published inissue 13 January 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr900141ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr900141greview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views10065Altmetric-Citations462LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Crystallization,Nanowires,Silicon,Wires Get e-Alerts
Separation of Some Inorganic Salts in Aqueous Solution by Flow, under Pressure, through Porous Cellulose Acetate Membranes (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSeparation of Some Inorganic Salts in Aqueous Solution by Flow, under Pressure, through Porous Cellulose Acetate MembranesS. SourirajanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1964, 3, 3, 206–210Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160011a005https://doi.org/10.1021/i160011a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views190Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Enhanced transmission through metallic plates perforated by arrays of subwavelength holes and sandwiched between dielectric slabs (2005)

This paper presents analytical and numerical studies demonstrating that a perfectly conducting metallic plate perforated by a periodic array of subwavelength holes and sandwiched in between two dielectric slabs permits enhanced transmission of electromagnetic plane waves in both the optical and microwave regimes, and this for both transverse magnetically and electrically polarized fields. The enhanced transmission mechanism is attributed to coupling between the incident plane wave and resonances supported by the perforated plate that are associated with the existence of grounded dielectric slab guided waves. The enhanced transmission phenomenon occurs in one of two regimes. In the single resonance regime, the incident plane wave couples to a resonance supported by only a single slab. The transmission coefficient magnitude peaks as the excitation frequency scans through the resonance; however, the peak magnitude decays exponentially with plate thickness. In the double resonance regime, the incident plane wave couples to resonances in both slabs simultaneously. The transmission coefficient magnitude exhibits twin peaks whose magnitudes typically are larger than those resulting from single resonances and that remain large even for plates of moderate thickness. It is demonstrated that double resonances may occur for symmetric as well as for asymmetric structures, i.e., when the two slabs are identical or different. For symmetric structures double resonances occur for any angle of incidence. In contrast, for asymmetric structures, special conditions on the period and slab parameters have to be satisfied for the structure to support one or more double resonances.
Short Subjects: Athens and Sparta: The Archivist and Resource Allocators (1987)

One result of the social, economic, and technological changes and developments of the past two decades has been an increased monetary pressure on educational institutions. Rare is the academic or other nonprofit institution that has not found it necessary to mount a fund-raising campaign. Economic pressures on educational institutions are not new nor are efforts to solve them. What is new is the intensity and pervasiveness. of monetary accountability, the professionalism . employed in fund raising, and the web of involvement that affects everyone in an administrative position, no matter how minor. Fiscal responsibilities that once were confined to the province of presidents, treasurers, and governing boards now fall within the accountability of all levels of administration. Archives ·administrators are faced not with a problem but 'with a challenge: How do archives get their share of the pie from resource allocators and through the efforts of professional institutional fund raisers?
El 22 de abril ¿ Casualidad o Causalidad ? (2003)

The identification of mastoidal emissary veins is of importance in the neurosurgical practice to diagnose abnormal and normal structures. In the present study, the objectives were to estimate the prevalence rate of mastoidal emissary foramina in the temporal bones of the adult skull and to study their number and morphology. The present study included 48 adult human skulls which were obtained from the gross anatomy laboratory of our institution. The mastoid parts of 96 temporal bones were macroscopically observed for the prevalence, number and morphology of the emissary foramina. It is observed that, the mastoidal emissary foramen was present in 88 temporal bones (91.7%) of our specimens. The foramen was observed single in 60 temporal bones (62.5%), double in 22 bones (22.9%), and triple in 6 temporal bones (6.2%). The mastoidal emissary foramen was absent in 8 (8.3%) temporal bones. The foramen was bilaterally absent in 3 (3.1%) skulls. It was unilaterally absent in 2 (2.1%) skulls and both were on the left side. The mastoidal emissary vein is prevalent in a large number (91.7%) of cases. It was observed that the accessory mastoidal emissary foramina were present in 29.1% of cases. Recognition of the mastoid emissary veins and accessory mastoid emissary veins during the otologic surgery is critical to avoid the significant bleeding. In the neurosurgical practice, the knowledge is important due to variability in the number of mastoidal emissary veins and their connection to the venous sinuses.
STIM1 regulates Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry via arachidonate‐regulated Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐selective (ARC) channels without store depletion or translocation to the plasma membrane (2006)

Recent studies have indicated a critical role for STIM (stromal interacting molecule) proteins in the regulation of the store-operated mode of receptor-activated Ca2+ entry. Current models emphasize the role of STIM located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, where a Ca2+-binding EF-hand domain within the N-terminal of the protein lies within the lumen and is thought to represent the sensor for the depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Dissociation of Ca2+ from this domain induces the aggregation of STIM to regions of the ER immediately adjacent to the plasma membrane where it acts to regulate the activity of store-operated Ca2+ channels. However, the possible effects of STIM on other modes of receptor-activated Ca2+ entry have not been examined. Here we show that STIM1 also regulates the arachidonic-acid-regulated Ca2+-selective (ARC) channels - receptor-activated Ca2+ entry channels whose activation is entirely independent of store depletion. Regulation of the ARC channels by STIM1 does not involve dissociation of Ca2+ from the EF-hand, or any translocation of STIM1. Instead, a critical role of STIM1 resident in the plasma membrane is indicated. Thus, exposure of intact cells to an antibody targeting the extracellular N-terminal domain of STIM1 inhibits ARC channel activity without significantly affecting the store-operated channels. A similar specific inhibition of the ARC channels is seen in cells expressing a STIM1 construct in which the N-linked glycosylation sites essential for the constitutive cell surface expression of STIM1, were mutated. We conclude that, in contrast to store-operated channels, regulation of ARC channels by STIM1 depends exclusively on the pool of STIM1 constitutively residing in the plasma membrane. These data demonstrate that STIM1 is a more universal regulator of Ca2+ entry pathways than previously thought, and appears to have multiple modes of action.
Physical Correlates of Eardrum Rupture (1989)

Eardrum (tympanic membrane) rupture in humans and animals in relation to various blast pressure-time patterns was reviewed. There were few systematic studies on eardrum rupture as a consequence of blast overpressure. Most reports did not describe the area of the eardrum destroyed. The peak overpressures required to produce a 50% incidence of eardrum rupture (P50) were summarized. Most of the animal data pertained to dogs. The highest P50 for dogs, 296 kPa, was associated with smooth-rising overpressure. For complex wave patterns occurring inside open shelters subjected to nuclear blasts, the P50 was 205 kPa. For fast-rising blasts in a shock tube it was 78 kPa, and 105 kPa for statically applied pressures. The duration of the overpressure was not a factor unless it was very short. The influence of the orientation of the head to the oncoming blast was demonstrated. An ear facing the blast may receive reflected overpressures several times that for one side-on to the blast. An ear on the downstream side of the head was exposed to about the same overpressure as the side-on ear. A P50 for humans of 100 kPa and a threshold of 35 kPa has been used widely in blast criteria. A recent study suggests a threshold (P1) of about 20 kPa, and gives the overpressures required to produce minor, moderate, and major eardrum ruptures. These data were presented in the form of curves showing the overpressures as a function of duration required to inflict a P1 and a P50 of eardrum rupture of the three levels of severity.
Minireview: Neuro-Immuno-Endocrine Modulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis by gp130 Signaling Molecules (2002)

The neuroendocrine and immune systems communicate bidirectionally. The neuro-immune-endocrine interface is mediated by cytokines acting as auto/paracrine or endocrine factors regulating pituitary development, cell proliferation, hormone secretion, and feedback control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. At birth or during neonatal ontogenesis, cytokines produce permanent alterations of HPA axis function and the stress response. Overexpressing IL-6 or leukemia inhibitory factor leads to significant changes in pituitary development and functions. Pituitary corticotroph POMC gene expression is regulated by CRH as well as several gp130 cytokines acting as neuro-immuno-endocrine modulators. Conversely, HPA axis functions modulate susceptibility or resistance to inflammatory disease. Cytokines (including IL-1, TNF, and members of the gp130 cytokine family) participate as mediators of a complex HPA axis response to stress and inflammation. Prolonged exposure to proinflammatory cytokines increases levels of the dominant negative glucocorticoid receptor isoform. Nonresponsiveness of the HPA axis to glucocorticoid negative feedback control provides a defense from destructive effects of cytokine excess. At the same time, gp130 cytokines stimulate pituitary suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3, which represses cytokine signaling and abrogates cytokine-induced corticotroph POMC gene transcription and ACTH secretion.
Theory and Evaluation of Gain Patterns of Synthetic Arrays (1962)

The results of an analysis of synthetic array gain patterns, including sidelobe response, are summarized. Both focused and unfocused arrays are examined. The phase time history of echos from reflectors on the ground as a function of position is used to modify the equations for the broadside synthetic array for application to forward-looking antenna arrays. The dependence of the ``optimal'' length and resolution of an unfocused array on the look angle is derived. The gain patterns of unfocused synthetic arrays are presented for arrays of various lengths with both rectangular and exponential amplitude weighting. Calculations are made showing that the physical antenna gain pattern acts as amplitude weighting with resultant sidelobe suppression and illustrating that the final gain pattern cannot be expressed as the product of the space factor of the array times the real antenna gain pattern. However, unless the length of the synthetic array is about equal to or greater than the real antenna beamwidth times the range, the product approximation error is negligible in the region near the main lobe and amounts to a reduction in gain. The results of this analysis are then put in the form of design curves from which such parameters as the maximum resolution of an unfocused array and the length of array necessary for a given resolution at a given frequency can be obtained.
Recent Developments of Biaryl Synthesis via Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Areneboronic Acid Derivatives (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Trifunctional Antibody Catumaxomab in Treatment of Malignant Ascites and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis (2010)

Peritoneal carcinomatosis remains an unsolved medical problem in modern oncologic treatment. Excruciating symptoms such as malignant ascites, ileus, nausea, vomiting, dyspnoea and pain deteriorate the quality of life for affected patients. There is still no effective standard treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis. The trifunctional antibody catumaxomab (antiepithelial cell adhesion molecule x anti-CD3) is able to direct T lymphocytes and Fcg-receptor-positive accessory cells to epithelial cell adhesion molecule-positive tumor cells. Intraperitoneal catumaxomab therapy was shown to be the first effective therapy against accumulation of malignant ascites in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of epithelial cancer, reducing the need of paracentesis and prolonging puncture-free survival. This paper reviews the mode of action of catumaxomab and analyzes different fields of local immunotherapy in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. A summary of completed and ongoing studies is included. Catumaxomab is discussed to be an outstanding option for local control and therapy of peritoneal carcinomatosis, which could be an optimal modular therapy in addition to systemic chemotherapy and surgical tumor resection.
Characterization of the <i>glnK-amtB</i> Operon of <i>Azotobacter vinelandii</i> (1998)

To determine whether in Azotobacter vinelandii the PII protein influences the regulation of nif gene expression in response to fluxes in the ammonium supply, the gene encoding PII was isolated and characterized. Its deduced translation product was highly similar to PII proteins from other organisms, with the greatest degree of relatedness being exhibited to the Escherichia coli glnK gene product. A gene designated amtB was found downstream of and was contranscribed with glnK as in E. coli. The AmtB protein is similar to functionally characterized ammonium transport proteins from a few other eukaryotes and one other prokaryote. glnK and amtB comprise an operon. Attempts to isolate a stable glnK mutant strain were unsuccessful, suggesting that glnK, like glnA, is an essential gene in A. vinelandii. amtB mutants were isolated, and although growth on limiting amounts of ammonium was similar in the mutant and wild-type strains, the mutants were unable to transport [14C]methylammonium.
Isolation and pharmacological characterisation of δ‐atracotoxin‐Hv1b, a vertebrate‐selective sodium channel toxin (2000)

delta-Atracotoxins (delta-ACTXs) are peptide toxins isolated from the venom of Australian funnel-web spiders that slow sodium current inactivation in a similar manner to scorpion alpha-toxins. We have isolated and determined the amino acid sequence of a novel delta-ACTX, designated delta-ACTX-Hv1b, from the venom of the funnel-web spider Hadronyche versuta. This 42 residue toxin shows 67% sequence identity with delta-ACTX-Hv1a previously isolated from the same spider. Under whole-cell voltage-clamp conditions, the toxin had no effect on tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant sodium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurones but exerted a concentration-dependent reduction in peak TTX-sensitive sodium current amplitude accompanied by a slowing of sodium current inactivation similar to other delta-ACTXs. However, delta-ACTX-Hv1b is approximately 15-30-fold less potent than other delta-ACTXs and is remarkable for its complete lack of insecticidal activity. Thus, the sequence differences between delta-ACTX-Hv1a and -Hv1b provide key insights into the residues that are critical for targeting of these toxins to vertebrate and invertebrate sodium channels.
The location of partial discharge sources in power cables: an on-line, low-cost solution (2008)

Owing to the safety and invisibility of underground power cables, they are adopted widely in urban areas. However, detecting a large number of underground power cables, situated in underground pipelines, is difficult, and frequently causes problems for power company staff. At present, partial discharge measurement is detection method with the greatest potential. The price of partial discharge sensors is very high. There is no doubt that it will cost a great deal to place sensors throughout the whole area of operation. The purpose of the project is to adopt the widespread and inexpensive use of four tinplates as capacitive type sensors Signals are then measured using digital oscilloscopes, and the data is then sent via LAN and analyzed by computer. Using pulse features, appropriate noise suppression methods and the parameters of partial discharge locations it will be possible to distinguish whether partial discharge sources are located in the area covered by the four sensors. The aim of this project is to assist engineers to solve this problem and to enhance the design of measuring equipment at the domestic level.