gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Architecture, design, and test of continuous-time tunable intermediate-frequency bandpass delta-sigma modulators (2001)

This paper examines the architecture, design, and test of continuous-time tunable intermediate-frequency (IF) fourth-order bandpass delta-sigma (BP /spl Delta//spl Sigma/) modulators. Bandpass modulators sampling at high IFs (/spl sim/100 MHz) allow direct sampling of the RF signal-reducing analog hardware and make it easier to realize completely software programmable receivers. This paper presents circuit design of and test results from continuous-time fourth-order BP /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators fabricated in AlInAs/GaInAs heterojunction bipolar technology with a peak unity current gain cutoff frequency (f/sub T/) of 80 GHz and a maximum frequency of oscillation (f/sub MAX/) of about 130 GHz. Operating from /spl plusmn/5-V power supplies, a fabricated 180-MHz IF fourth-order /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator sampling at 4 GS/s demonstrates stable behavior and achieves 75.8 dB of signal-to-(noise+distortion)-ratio (SNDR) over a 1-MHz bandwidth. Narrowband performance (/spl sim/1 MHz) performance of these modulators is limited by thermal/device noise while broadband performance (/spl sim/60 MHz), is limited by quantization noise. The high sampling frequency (4 GS/s) in this converter is dictated by broadband (60 MHz) performance requirements.
On-Board Electrical Network Topology Using High Speed Permanent Magnet Generators (2007)

A zonal dc electrical distribution system topology is presented for on-board applications. The system is based on using high speed permanent magnet synchronous generators driven by gas turbines as prime movers and DC distribution with local conversion at the load points. Proposed permanent magnet generator design and construction, system topology and evaluation are given. A scaled down experimental test set up is described in this paper.
Chemical Aspects of the Antioxidative Activity of Roasted Sesame Seed Oil, and the Effect of Using the Oil for Frying (1986)

Antioxidative constituents in roasted sesame seed oil were studied mainly by an antioxidative assay and HPLC analysis, in comparison with unroasted sesame seed oil. The main active constituent in fresh roasted seed oil was γ-tocopherol, but after heating at frying temperature for 1 ~ 2 hr, this was identified as sesamol, which was produced by hydrolysis of sesamolin that is present to a large degree in roasted sesame seed oil. This conversion of sesamolin to sesamol is catalyzed by acids.
Photoelectrochemistry with Controlled DNA-Cross-Linked CdS Nanoparticle Arrays (2001)

Photochemical detection of a nucleic acid was achieved by means of a DNA-cross-linked CdS nanoparticle array attached to an electrode (see schematic diagram). The array was constructed from the target DNA (blue) and CdS nanoparticles bearing oligonucleotides complementary to its 3′- (green) and 5′-ends (red). The photocurrent generated on irradiation of the array increases with increasing concentration of the target. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.angewandte.com or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Nonlinear Torsional Dynamic Response of Footing (1983)

A physical experiment was conducted in which dynamic torsional loadings were applied to a rigid circular model footing resting on a surcharged granular test bed. High amplitudes of strain, such as those encountered in large earthquakes, were developed. The torsional response of the footing and of selected locations within the test bed were measured. A newly developed numerical procedure, capable of solving the three‐dimensional axisymmetric nonlinear torsional wave equation, was used to simulate the experiment. The footing and test bed were modeled as a rigid disk resting on a nonlinear inelastic half space with slip permitted along the interface and on a linear elastic half space. Generally, experimental and nonlinear numerical results agreed well. It was concluded that to predict accurately the response of a soil‐foundation system when large shearing strains develop, nonlinear inelastic behavior of the soil must be taken into account. Also, it was concluded that the numerical procedure could predict accurately the response of the footing and reasonably well the response of the test bed.
Dc electrical oxide thickness model for quantization of the inversion layer in MOSFETs (1998)

A simulator using the coupled Schrödinger equation, the Poisson equation and Fermi - Dirac statistics to analyse inversion-layer quantization has been shown to match the measured C - V data of thin-gate-oxide metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitors closely. This simulator is used to study in detail the effects of bias voltage, oxide thickness and doping concentration on the charge centroid and from this a simple empirical model for the dc charge centroid of the inversion layer is proposed. This model predicts the inversion charge density in terms of , and explicitly and can be used to estimate transistor current in device engineering and circuit simulation models.
SEED: A Basic Optically Addressed Integrated Circuit (1992)

We experimentally demonstrate the operation of a fully integrated optoelectronic circuit with optical input and output consisting of a p-i-n photodetector and load resistor, a depletion mode GaAs-AI,Ga, - ,As heterostructure field effect transistor (HFET) and self-biased HFET load, together with an output GaAs-AI,Ga, - ,As multiple quantum-well optical mod- ulator. All elements have been monolithically integrated within a 50 x 50 pm area. A low optical power input causes a modula- tion of a higher power output, demonstrating optical signal amplification.
A dynamic hierarchy of intelligent agents for network management (1997)

Abstract. Routing as well as the management of communication networks that support hybrid types of communications requiring quality of service is a hard problem. We present here a framework 1 that decomposes the network into a hierarchy of abstract views of the network that summarizes the available bandwidth resources and highlights bottlenecks in the network in order to reduce the complexity of the previously mentioned tasks. This framework can easily be distributed to a hierarchy of intelligent agents. This framework is technology independent and can be applied to any connection-oriented communication network. 1
Negative bulk mobility devices - what next? (1974)

The transferred-electron (=TE) type negative differential bulk mobility (=NDBM) of the Gunn Effect in GaAs has formed one of the cornerstones of a rapidly growing solid-state microwave technology. Reliable solid-state microwave oscillators with several hundred milliwatts of low-noise c.w. power at X-band are commercially available, as are lower-power oscillators up to at least 70 GHz, and amplifiers to at least half the latter frequency. While these developments have by no means reached their inherent limits yet, new approaches to NDBM are already being explored, to take over where the present ones leave off. In this paper we wish to review briefly three such approaches, in the order of an increasingly speculative nature.
The Chiral Potential of Phenanthriplatin and Its Influence on Guanine Binding (2014)

The monofunctional platinum complex cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl(Am)](+), also known as phenanthriplatin, where Am is the N-heterocyclic base phenanthridine, has promising anticancer activity. Unlike bifunctional compounds such as cisplatin, phenanthriplatin can form only one covalent bond to DNA. Another distinguishing feature is that phenanthriplatin is chiral. Rotation about the Pt-N bond of the phenanthridine ligand racemizes the complex, and the question arises as to whether this process is sufficiently slow under physiological conditions to impact its DNA-binding properties. Here we present the results of NMR spectroscopic, X-ray crystallographic, molecular dynamics, and density functional theoretical investigations of diastereomeric phenanthriplatin analogs in order to probe the internal dynamics of phenanthriplatin. These results reveal that phenanthriplatin rapidly racemizes under physiological conditions. The information also facilitated the interpretation of the NMR spectra of small molecule models of phenanthriplatin-platinated DNA. These studies indicate, inter alia, that one diastereomeric form of the complexes cis-[Pt(NH3)2(Am)(R-Gua)](2+), where R-Gua is 9-methyl- or 9-ethylguanine, is preferred over the other, the origin of which stems from an intramolecular interaction between the carbonyl oxygen of the platinated guanine base and a cis-coordinated ammine. The relevance of this finding to the DNA-damaging properties of phenanthriplatin and its biological activity is discussed.
Association between Ag1-CA alleles and severity of autosomal recessive proximal spinal muscular atrophy. (1994)

The gene for autosomal recessive proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has been mapped to an 850-kb interval on 5q11.2-q13.3, between the centromeric D5S823 and telomeric D5S557 markers. We report a new complex marker, Ag1-CA, that lies in this interval, whose primers produce one, two, or rarely three amplification-fragment-length variants (AFLVs) per allele. Class I chromosomes are those which amplify a single AFLV allele, and class II chromosomes are those which amplify an allele with two or three AFLVs. Ag1-CA shows highly significant allelic association with type I SMA in both the French Canadian (Hôpital Sainte-Justine [HSJ]) and American (Ohio State University [OSU]) populations (P < .0001). Significant association between the Ag1-CA genotype and disease severity was also observed. Type I patients were predominantly homozygous for class I chromosomes (P = .0003 OSU; P = .0012 HSJ), whereas the majority of type II patients were heterozygous for class I and II chromosomes (P = .0014 OSU; P = .001 HSJ). There was no significant difference in Ag1-CA genotype frequencies between type III patients (P = .5 OSU; P = .25 HSJ) and the paired normal chromosomes from both carrier parents. Our results indicate that Ag1-CA is the most closely linked marker to SMA and defines the critical candidate-gene region. Finally, we have proposed a model that should be taken into consideration when screening candidate SMA genes.
A Spatio-Temporal Auto Regressive Model for Frame Rate Upconversion (2009)

This paper proposes a spatio-temporal auto regressive (STAR) model for frame rate upconversion. In the STAR model, each pixel in the interpolated frame is approximated as the weighted combination of a sample space including the pixels within its two temporal neighborhoods from the previous and following original frames as well as the available interpolated pixels within its spatial neighborhood in the current to-be-interpolated frame. To derive accurate STAR weights, an iterative self-feedback weight training algorithm is proposed. In each iteration, first the pixels of each training window in the interpolated frames are approximated by the sample space from the previous and following original frames and the to-be-interpolated frame. And then the actual pixels of each training window in the original frame are approximated by the sample space from the previous and following interpolated frames and the current original frame with the same weights. The weights of each training window are calculated by jointly minimizing the distortion between the interpolated frames in the current and previous iterations as well as the distortion between the original frame and its interpolated one. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed STAR model is able to yield the interpolated frames with high performance in terms of both subjective and objective qualities.
Well‐Defined, Reversible Boronate Crosslinked Nanocarriers for Targeted Drug Delivery in Response to Acidic pH Values and <i>cis</i>‐Diols (2012)

Geliefert wie bestellt: Micellen, die über Boronatester reversibel vernetzt sind (siehe Schema), sind in vivo und in vitro stabil, sodass die vorzeitige Freisetzung des Wirkstoffs unter physiologischen Bedingungen minimiert ist. Nach Erreichen des Tumors wird die Freisetzung des Wirkstoffs (Sterne im Schema) durch Spaltung der Boronatester unter den sauren Bedingungen in der Umgebung des Tumors oder im Zellinneren oder durch die Verabreichung von Mannit aktiviert.
Spectral Clustering-based Classification (2015)

Multi-class classification is a challenging problem in pattern recognition. Clustering-based Classification (CC) is one of the most effective classification methods that first divides data into several clusters, each cluster then being described by a One-Class Classifier (OCC). Scalability and accuracy are two key advantages of this clustering-enhanced approach. In continuation of this strategy, in this paper, we further propose Spectral Clustering-based Classification (SCC). In contrast to many other clustering algorithms, Spectral Clustering (SC) aims to put the more mutually interconnected data points in one cluster, hence producing output clusters with smoother borders. A simpler border is easier to be described by an OCC, leading to higher accuracy. Application to seven UCI data sets of various nature and size confirms this improved performance in terms of higher accuracy, while keeping scalability property.
Glucose uptake through translocation and activation of GLUT4 in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by asiatic acid in diabetic rats (2015)

In this study, we examined the in vivo effect and the mechanism of asiatic acid (AA) on glucose uptake in an insulin target skeletal muscle. Diabetic rats showed significantly increased levels of plasma glucose, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and lipid hydroperoxides, decreased levels of insulin and antioxidants, and impairment in insulin-signaling proteins such as insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1/2, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) proteins. Oral treatment with AA (20 mg/kg body weight) showed near-normalized levels of plasma glucose, lipid peroxidation products, and antioxidants and improved insulin, IR, IRS-1/2, PI3K, Akt, and GLUT4 proteins. These findings suggest that AA improves glucose response by increasing GLUT4 in skeletal muscle through Akt and antioxidant defense in plasma and it also improves glucose homeostasis.
Exposure to selenomethionine causes selenocysteine misincorporation and protein aggregation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2017)

Selenomethionine, a dietary supplement with beneficial health effects, becomes toxic if taken in excess. To gain insight into the mechanisms of action of selenomethionine, we screened a collection of ≈5900 Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants for sensitivity or resistance to growth-limiting amounts of the compound. Genes involved in protein degradation and synthesis were enriched in the obtained datasets, suggesting that selenomethionine causes a proteotoxic stress. We demonstrate that selenomethionine induces an accumulation of protein aggregates by a mechanism that requires de novo protein synthesis. Reduction of translation rates was accompanied by a decrease of protein aggregation and of selenomethionine toxicity. Protein aggregation was supressed in a ∆cys3 mutant unable to synthetize selenocysteine, suggesting that aggregation results from the metabolization of selenomethionine to selenocysteine followed by translational incorporation in the place of cysteine. In support of this mechanism, we were able to detect random substitutions of cysteinyl residues by selenocysteine in a reporter protein. Our results reveal a novel mechanism of toxicity that may have implications in higher eukaryotes.
PCR-array gene expression profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma. (2004)

Many trials using DNA microarrays have been reported for various human malignancies, but an efficient molecular diagnostic system has yet to be established. Here, we adopted a high throughput quantitative PCR-array system based on adaptor-tagged competitive PCR (ATAC-PCR), as a novel technique for gene expression profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This PCR-array contained 3,072 genes derived from three different cDNA libraries, including 298 additional known genes suspected to be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Using this PCR-array with 20 pairs of liver tissues (20 HCC, 20 surrounding nontumor liver), we identified a total of 117 genes differing in expression levels in the two liver tissues. Hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis with these genes revealed distinct gene expression patterns in the HBV-positive group and the HCV-positive groups. Among 117 genes, only 7 (GPAA1, TMEM9, FACL4, ADFP, MAWBP, PACE4, FOS) were common to both groups. In conclusion, this PCR-array analysis with an appropriate set of genes is considered useful for gene expression profiling of HCC, and we identified some genes which may play a common key role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
PROCESS MONITORING TECHNIQUES USING ACOUSTIC WA YES (1991)

Process monitoring and control of semiconductor fabrication parameters, like film thickness, are important issues, limited at the present time by a lack of adequate sensors. In this paper, we outline the limitations of current film thickness technology and propose two new methods for nondestructive film thickness process monitoring: acoustic time domain reflectometry (TDR) and acoustic reflection coefficient phase measurements. Theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of different metal films are used to demonstrate the viability of these novel techniques.
Linking Geological and Health Sciences to Assess Childhood Lead Poisoning from Artisanal Gold Mining in Nigeria (2013)

Results inform ongoing efforts in Nigeria to assess lead contamination and poisoning, treat victims, mitigate exposures, and remediate contamination. Ore deposit geology, pre-mining weathering, and burgeoning artisanal mining may combine to cause similar lead poisoning disasters elsewhere globally.
Federal Preemption and Consumer Financial Protection: Past and Future (2012)

Starting in 1995 and throughout the subprime boom during the next decade, Congress failed to take action to curb predatory mortgage lending. Many states and cities filled the void by passing anti-predatory lending laws of their own. Lenders, worried about potential liability, quickly organized a full-scale attack on the state and local initiatives. Their most potent strategy lay in challenging the laws and ordinances under federal preemption rules for national banks and federal savings associations that precluded states from enforcing their anti-predatory lending laws.\nThe Dodd-Frank Act curtailed the preemption rules by establishing that state consumer financial laws can only be preempted if they discriminate against state-chartered depository institutions relative to, or prevent or significantly interfere with the powers of, national banks or federal savings associations.\nDodd-Frank's preemption standards became effective on July 21, 2011, at which point the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) should have conformed its preemption rulings to the new law. Instead, on that date, the OCC issued a new rule that preempted broad swaths of existing state laws using its old preemption precedents, bypassing the Dodd-Frank procedures along the way. We contend that the OCC's actions are not consistent with Congress's intent and predict that there will be legal challenges to the substance of the OCC's new preemption rule and to the process the OCC employed when adopting the rule.
ISDAS – A System for Processing/Analyzing Hyperspectral Data (1998)

RÉSUMÉCet article décrit le système ISDAS (Imaging Spectrometer Data Analysis System), un système de traitement d'images développé par le Centre canadien de télédétection en collaboration avec l'industrie afin de fournir un système efficace de traitement et d'analyse des données hyperspectrales. Le système ISDAS, conçu à partir d'un ensemble commercial de logiciels graphiques, le système AVS (Application Visualization System), implanté sur une station de travail SPARC de Sun Microsystems, rencontre les normes pour le prototypage rapide des algorithmes et des produits d'information. La structure modulai re du système permet l'ajout facile de nouveaux réseaux de traitement de même que des modifications aux réseaux existants. De nombreux outils de visualisation ont été développés pour l'analyse exploratoire de même que des outils de traitement des données, de pré-traitement et d'extraction de l'information pour l'analyse numérique. Des liens avec une bibliothèque spectrale implantée dans une base relationnelle de domaine public, PostgreSQL, ont été établis en soutien à l'analyse des données. Afin de permettre l'utilisation d'outils de traitement additionnels, le système permet l'accès à d'autres systèmes de traitement d'images disponibles sur le marché, le système EASI/PACE de PCI par exemple, via les outils d'entrée/sortie de données. Le système ISDAS traite les données de tout capteur hyperspectral aéroporté ou satellitaire en autant que le capteur effectue l'acquisition des données dans les régions du visible, du proche-infrarouge et de l'infrarouge à ondes courtes. L'environnement ISDAS est conçu pour faire face aux défis de l'application de la télédétection hyperspectrale à différentes disciplines. Le développement des applications à l'heure actuelle vise des domaines tels que l'exploration géologique, la géologie environnementale et l'agriculture de précision.
A Framework for Inter-ORB Request Level Bridge Construction (1996)

The paper addresses a problem of building a bridge between different CORBA compliant systems. It presents a framework of the bridge based on the UNO approach whose architecture is easily extendable to more sophisticated in parallelizing level and functionality units. A problem of mapping objects defined in CORBA model is described and a few suggestions to deal with it are presented. As a case study implementation of the bridge for Orbix and DOME is described.
The Requirement of Sterol and Various Sterol Precursors in Free-Living Nematodes (1977)

The quantitative sterol requirements were studied in C. briggsae, C. elegans (Be), C. elegans (Br), and T. aceti. It was shown that all four nematodes had similar minimal sterol requirements (0.1-2.0 μg/ml) and toxicity appeared in T. aceti at 50 μg/ml. Cholesterol and five precursors were tested for population growth. We found that acetic acid, DLmevalonic acid lactone, and farnesol did not support population growth; while squalene, lanosterol, and cholesterol supported significant population growth in all four nematodes. Our results suggest that the major metabolic block in the pathway of sterol biosynthesis occurs between the step of farnesol and squalene.