gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Real-Time deviation detection and vector measurement technique for straight line quadrocopter navigation using accelerometer (2014)

In autonomous quadrocopter navigation, wind disturbances commonly pose a problem for the vehicle to navigate precisely on the planned path. The vehicle easily deviates off from the path and obviously affects the navigation accuracy. Trajectory correction is one possible solution proposed by few researchers to avert the problem. The approaches are proven to increase the efficiency for the vehicle to navigate on the path with tolerable accuracy error. Motivate by the solution, it is the intention for the research to advise a new trajectory correction algorithm known as a Real-Time Adaptive Trajectory Correction (RATC) algorithm. However, in this paper, a primary work for the algorithm definitely the deviation detection and vector measurement technique via an accelerometer is presented. The technique is designed based on trigonometric functions and vector synthesizing principle. A simplify Kalman's filter appropriately for low-cost onboard controller is employed to overcome the accelerometer drift and double integration error. The technique is evaluated in terms of measurement accuracy where an X-Y platform is utilized as the navigation path and control environment. The deviation vector is logged wirelessly in the Graphical User Interface (GUI) window which also programmed to exhibit visual deviation occurred on the quadrocopter. Three sets of experiment results with different wind disturbance acceleration are discussed. The results signified the technique has fine accuracy for short-duration measurement, especially navigation in a small-bounded area.
Epidemiology of <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection (2013)

There has been dramatic change in the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) since the turn of the 21st century noted by a marked increase in incidence and severity, occurring at a disproportionately higher frequency in older patients. Historically considered a nosocomial infection associated with antibiotic exposure, CDI has now also emerged in the community in populations previously considered low risk. Emerging risk factors and disease recurrence represent continued challenges in the management of CDI. The increased incidence and severity associated with CDI has coincided with the emergence and rapid spread of a previously rare strain, ribotype 027. Recent data from the United States and Europe suggest that the incidence of CDI may have reached a crescendo in the recent years and is perhaps beginning to plateau. The acute care direct costs of CDI were estimated to be US$4.8 billion in 2008. However, nearly all the published studies have focused on CDI diagnosed and treated in the acute care hospital setting and fail to measure the burden outside the hospital, including recently discharged patients, outpatients, and those in long-term care facilities. Enhanced surveillance methods are needed to monitor the incidence, to identify populations at risk, and to characterize the molecular epidemiology of strains causing CDI.
Perceiving Conductors' Expressive Gestures from Different Visual Perspectives. An Exploratory Continuous Response Study (2008)

INSIGHTS INTO MUSICAL CONDUCTING are traditionally derived from educational manuals and from interviews with conductors about their intuitive knowledge. Conducting as a form of highly specialized nonverbal communication has scarcely been studied empirically up to now. We investigated the perception of expressive movements used by conductors, as seen from three different positions with a multimodal, repeated-measures design. Observers with music training evaluated video recordings of several conductors with continuous and retrospective measures. Results indicate that watching the conductors from positions of woodwind players and first violinists (frontal and left-hand side) is perceptually more informative compared to the celli/double bass position (right-hand side). Observers gained specific information about the conductors' expressive musical intentions even in visual-only video sequences. Crosscorrelations between quantitative characteristics of conductors' movements and observers' continuous expressiveness responses show a tendency for different response time lags. These time lags are related to individual conductors' general affective behavior.
Extraction of Naphthenic Acid from Highly Acidic Oil Using Hydroxide-Based Ionic Liquids (2014)

The isolation and recovery of naphthenic acid from highly acidic model oil was performed using hydroxide-based ionic liquids. An extremely low ionic liquid/oil ratio was used to completely deacidify the model oil. Tetraalkylammonium and tetraalkylphosphonium hydroxide ionic liquids were employed in this study. Tetraalkylammonium-based ionic liquids are more efficient than tetraalkylphosphonium-based ionic liquids. The recyclability of the ionic liquids for the extraction of naphthenic acid was also studied. The regeneration of the extracted naphthenic acid was achieved.
Introducing a test suite similarity metric for event sequence-based test cases (2009)

Most of today's event driven software (EDS) systems are tested using test cases that are carefully constructed as sequences of events; they test the execution of an event in the context of its preceding events. Because sizes of these test suites can be extremely large, researchers have developed techniques, such as reduction and minimization, to obtain test suites that are ldquosimilarrdquo to the original test suite, but smaller. Existing similarity metrics mostly use code coverage; they do not consider the contextual relationships between events. Consequently, reduction based on such metrics may eliminate desirable test cases. In this paper, we present a new parameterized metric, CONTeSSi(n) which uses the context of n preceding events in test cases to develop a new context-aware notion of test suite similarity for EDS. This metric is defined and evaluated by comparing four test suites for each of four open source applications. Our results show that CONT eSSi(n) is a better indicator of the similarity of EDS test suites than existing metrics.
Betrieb eines hermetischen Schraubenverdichters in Verbindung mit einem statischen Frequenzumformer (1988)

Etude de la puissance et des caracteristiques de fonctionnement du compresseur frigorifique pour des variations de frequence de 10 a 100 Hz. Comparaison avec les refroidisseurs de liquide conventionnels
Presymptomatic activation of the PDGF-CC pathway accelerates onset of ALS neurodegeneration (2015)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with unknown origins. Neurodegeneration in ALS mouse models occurs together with signs of disrupted blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and regressed capillary network, but the molecular pathways contributing to these vascular pathologies remain unknown. We show that motor neurons of human sporadic ALS patients (n = 12) have increased gene expression of PDGFC and its activator PLAT and presymptomatic activation of the PDGF-CC pathway in SOD1 (G93A) mice leads to BSCB dysfunction. Decrease of Pdgfc expression in SOD1 (G93A) mice restored vascular barrier properties, reduced motor neuron loss and delayed symptom onset by up to 3 weeks. Similarly, lower expression levels of PDGFC or PLAT in motor neurons of sporadic ALS patients were correlated with older age at disease onset. PDGF-CC inhibition and restoration of BSCB integrity did not prevent capillary regression at disease end stage. Lower vessel density was found in spinal cords of sporadic ALS patients and the degree of regression in SOD1 (G93A) mice correlated with more aggressive progression after onset regardless of BSCB status. We conclude that PDGF-CC-induced BSCB dysfunction can contribute to timing of ALS onset, allow insight into disease origins and development of targeted novel therapies.
Identification of neutral and acidic sphingomyelinases in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (1998)

We demonstrated for the first time the presence of sphingomyelinase (SMase) in Helicobacter pylori. Activation of SMase has been implicated as the cause of elevation of cellular ceramide levels and consequently of apoptosis. The data indicate that there are two classes of SMase, defined by their optimal pHs and cellular locations, existing in H. pylori. One is an Mg(2+)-dependent membrane-bound enzyme with an optimal activity at pH 7, and the other is an Mg(2+)-independent cytosolic enzyme with an optimal activity at pH 5. Bisalumin, a bismuth salt, was found to inhibit the activities of both forms of SMase regardless of the presence of Mg2+. By Western blot analysis, the membrane-bound SMases of H. pylori and Bacillus cereus were shown to be antigenically related and to have a similar denatured molecular mass of 28 kDa.
A review of significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions with antidepressants and their management (2016)

Treatment of depression often requires long-term management with medication. Practitioners should be aware of potentially significant drug interactions with the use of antidepressants in order to effectively prevent or manage adverse events while optimizing patient response to treatment. Most antidepressants are metabolized by the liver, primarily via the CYP450 system. Pharmacokinetic profiles of the most recently approved antidepressants are reviewed in addition to evidence supporting potentially significant interactions. In addition, pharmacokinetic interactions between multiple antidepressants and other drug classes, including opiates, antineoplastics, antiepileptics, and antipsychotics, are discussed. This article provides recommendations for the monitoring and management of drug interactions. In addition, limitations of the evidence are reviewed.
Heart Rate Variability During Hypoglycaemia (1989)

A diabetic patient with parasympathetic neuropathy underwent 24-h ECG monitoring. During the 24 hours the patient had a hypoglycaemic event. Heart rate variability was greatly increased during this time, though heart rate was unaltered. The reasons for the sudden increase are unknown but may indicate a fruitful line for further research.
Structure–Activity Relationships of Antitubercular Nitroimidazoles. 3. Exploration of the Linker and Lipophilic Tail of ((<i>S</i>)-2-Nitro-6,7-dihydro-5<i>H</i>-imidazo[2,1-<i>b</i>][1,3]oxazin-6-yl)-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzyl)amine (6-Amino PA-824). (2011)

The (S)-2-nitro-6-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyloxy)-6,7-dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]oxazine named PA-824 (1) has demonstrated antitubercular activity in vitro and in animal models and is currently in clinical trials. We synthesized derivatives at three positions of the 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzylamino tail, and these were tested for whole-cell activity against both replicating and nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). In addition, we determined their kinetic parameters as substrates of the deazaflavin-dependent nitroreductase (Ddn) from Mtb that reductively activates these pro-drugs. These studies yielded multiple compounds with 40 nM aerobic whole cell activity and 1.6 μM anaerobic whole cell activity: 10-fold improvements over both characteristics from the parent molecule. Some of these compounds exhibited enhanced solubility with acceptable stability to microsomal and in vivo metabolism. Analysis of the conformational preferences of these analogues using quantum chemistry suggests a preference for a pseudoequatorial orientation of the linker and lipophilic tail.
Sulfite oxidase protects plants against sulfur dioxide toxicity (2007)

The gaseous pollutant SO(2) readily reacts with water to form sulfite that impacts deleteriously on animal and plant health. By modulating the level of sulfite oxidase (SO) that catalyzes the transformation of sulfites to the non-toxic sulfate, we show that Arabidopsis and tomato plants can be rendered resistant or susceptible to SO(2)/sulfite. Plants in which sulfite oxidase expression was abrogated by RNA interference (RNAi) accumulated relatively less sulfate after SO(2) application and showed enhanced induction of senescence and wounding-associated transcripts, leaf necrosis and chlorophyll bleaching. In contrast, SO overexpression lines accumulated relatively more sulfate and showed little or no necrosis after SO(2) application. The transcript of sulfite reductase, a chloroplast-localized enzyme that reduces sulfites to sulfides, was shown to be rapidly induced by SO(2) in a sulfite oxidase-dependent manner. Transcripts of other sulfite-requiring enzymatic activities such as mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferases and UDP-sulfoquinovose synthase 1 were induced later and to a lesser extent, whereas SO was constitutively expressed and was not significantly induced by SO(2). The results imply that plants can utilize sulfite oxidase in a sulfite oxidative pathway to cope with sulfite overflow.
Production of Modified Atmospheres in Deciduous Fruits by the Use of Films and Coatings (1987)

Abstract A range of techniques are used to preserve postharvest quality of fruit, vegetables, and other perishable produce. Refrigeration is the principal technique used but, in some instances, low temperature alone may be insufficient to retard ripening of fruit and prevent detrimental quality changes. Moreover, low temperatures for prolonged periods may lead to physiological damage, e.g., low temperature breakdown in apples (14). Pioneering work of Kidd and West (23) led to the development of controlled atmosphere (CA) storage, a sophisticated technique that extends the life of some produce more than refrigeration alone. CA storage is used mainly for apples (40), although recommendations for other fruits (15) and vegetables (16) can be found. Where CA techniques are applied, the concentrations of CO 2 and O 2 are controlled at optima specific for each cultivar, facilitated by the recent development of automatic control systems (22). However, both refrigeration and application of CA techniques are expensive, requiring large capital outlay for installation and maintenance and high energy inputs, especially for cooling. Moreover, it is not practical to provide equipment for CA control or refrigeration for small quantities of produce or individual fruit. Thus, once produce is harvested or removed from storage, it is subject to ambient conditions during marketing, which often lead to rapid quality deterioration.
Conducted EMI Reduction in Power Converters by Means of Periodic Switching Frequency Modulation (2007)

Spread spectrum clock generation techniques were originally developed to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) in communications and microprocessor systems working in the range of hundreds of megahertz. Nowadays, the switching frequency of power converters has been increasing up to values that make worthy the application of such switching frequency modulation techniques to reduce EMI emissions in power converters. Although random modulations have been applied before to power converters, periodic patterns can provide some advantages. First, theoretical principles of frequency modulation using three periodic patterns for the modulating function are presented. The influence of some important modulation parameters on the EMI reduction is analyzed and some considerations about the EMI filters design are also presented. The effectiveness of such methods in terms of EMI reduction is demonstrated theoretically and confirmed with experimental results obtained from tests carried out on two converters. The first one is a 2.5 W buck converter that can be switched up to 1 MHz and the second one is a 600 W boost converter switching at 40 kHz. In both cases, attenuations obtained in conducted EMI are evaluated. Finally, special attention has been paid to input current and output voltage ripple in order to evaluate possible undesired side-effects produced by this technique.
Four Heuristics to Guide Structured Content Crawling (2008)

Search engines focusing on particular media types face difficulties in discovering suitable URIs on the Web. Since the engines are only interested in a small fraction of the Web, a crawler should use heuristics to concentrate on that fraction. To devise such a heuristic, we postulate four hypotheses based on RFCs and W3C recommendations to find cues for certain content types. Tests on a corpus of 22m files (793GB content size) containing 630m URIs show that for the content types text, image, and application, the recommendations are mostly being followed, while results for audio and video are much less consistent. Our findings and recommendations can be implemented as heuristics for efficient discovery of structured content on the Web on top of existing crawlers.
Evolution of Galanin Receptor Genes: Insights from the Deuterostome Genomes (2010)

Galanin exerts its biological activities through three different G protein-coupled receptors, Galr1, Galr2 and Galr3. To obtain insights into the evolution of Galrs, we searched the genomes of the deuterostomes by extensive BLAST survey and phylogenetic analyses. The Galr2 and Galr3 share similar genomic structures, and most of them are composed of 2 exons and 1 intron. However, most of Galr1 are composed of 3 extrons and 2 introns. We did not detect the typical Galr genes in the genomic databases of invertebrate deutserotomes, but three Galr1/Alstr homologs and two Galr1/Gpr151 homologs in amphioxus, two Galr1/Gpr151 homologs in sea squirt and one Galr1/Gpr151 homologs in sea urchin were identified. It is highly possible that the Galr genes in vertebrates may evolve from the homologous genes of Galr1/Alstr/Gpr151 in invertebrate deuterostomes. We also proposed that Galr3 genes were the products of Galr2 duplication during evolution, while Galr2 genes may evolve from Galr1.
President’s Message (2010)

1. Edwin S. Epstein, MD 1. Virginia Beach, Virginia </br>![][1]</img> In 1993 I attended the first meeting of the ISHRS in Dallas, Texas. I had recently transitioned from a full-time Urologist to full-time “Hairologist.” I was performing what I thought were state-of-the-art techniques
NEW YORK DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY (1926)

<h3>Mycosis Fungoides Following Arsphenamin Dermatitis, Associated with Petechial Hemorrhages. Presented by Dr. Howard Fox.</h3> M. H. N., a business man, aged 51, born in the United States, was said to have suffered from purpura hemorrhagica at the age of 17. At that time he had had profuse bleeding from the nose and mouth and "hemorrhagic" spots on the neck, arms, and legs, the condition lasting for several months. In 1899, he was infected with syphilis, and was treated intermittently for years with mercury and potassium iodid by mouth. In 1914, he received three intravenous injections of arsphenamin. Following the third injection, he suffered from a severe exfoliative dermatitis covering the entire cutaneous surface, which disappeared completely at the end of three months. In 1922, he was given a "small dose of neo-arsphenamin," which was again followed by a general exfoliative eruption but of a milder type than the previous one.
Towards a differential diagnostic of PTSD using cognitive computing methods (2014)

The aim of this work is to construct a predictive algorithm based on linguistic computation to predict Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and comorbid conditions. Most contemporary work in psychometrics, concerns itself with the construction and validation of instruments in an attempt to measure personality, attitudes, sentiment and beliefs. Measurement of these phenomena is difficult and largely subjective. We try to assign a numerical estimation to feeling expression according to one quantity relative to another. The model analyses natural language using the Mind State Indicator algorithm (MSI). MSI may be able to diagnose PTSD and specify differential diagnosis from comorbid disorders. Future work using this method could potentially predict PTSD symptom severity and treatment-related changes in these symptoms.
The Incidence of Skin Cancer in Relation to Climate Change in South Africa (2019)

Climate change is associated with shifts in global weather patterns, especially an increase in ambient temperature, and is deemed a formidable threat to human health. Skin cancer, a non-communicable disease, has been underexplored in relation to a changing climate. Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the major environmental risk factor for skin cancer. South Africa is situated in the mid-latitudes and experiences relatively high levels of sun exposure with summertime UV Index values greater than 10. The incidence of skin cancer in the population group with fair skin is considered high, with cost implications relating to diagnosis and treatment. Here, the relationship between skin cancer and several environmental factors likely to be affected by climate change in South Africa are discussed including airborne pollutants, solar UVR, ambient temperature and rainfall. Recommended strategies for personal sun protection, such as shade, clothing, sunglasses and sunscreen, may change as human behaviour adapts to a warming climate. Further research and data are required to assess any future impact of climate change on the incidence of skin cancer in South Africa.
Optimizing time-frequency kernels for classification (2001)

In many pattern recognition applications, features are traditionally extracted from standard time-frequency representations (TFRs). This assumes that the implicit smoothing of, say, a spectrogram is appropriate for the classification task. Making such assumptions may degrade classification performance. In general, ana time-frequency classification technique that uses a singular quadratic TFR (e.g., the spectrogram) as a source of features will never surpass the performance of the same technique using a regular quadratic TFR (e,g., Rihaczek or Wigner-Ville). Any TFR that is not regular is said to be singular. Use of a singular quadratic TFR implicitly discards information without explicitly determining if it is germane to the classification task. We propose smoothing regular quadratic TFRs to retain only that information that is essential for classification. We call the resulting quadratic TFRs class-dependent TFRs. This approach makes no a priori assumptions about the amount and type of time-frequency smoothing required for classification. The performance of our approach is demonstrated on simulated and real data. The simulated study indicates that the performance can approach the Bayes optimal classifier. The real-world pilot studies involved helicopter fault diagnosis and radar transmitter identification.