gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Driver performance in the presence of adaptive cruise control related failures: Implications for safety analysis and fault tolerance (2013)

This study explored how failures related to an adaptive cruise control (ACC) were handled by drivers and what the effects on safety can be. The experimental study included forty-eight subjects and was performed in a moving base driving simulator equipped with an ACC. Each subject experienced two different failures in separate scenarios. In total, the study included four different failures, i.e., Unwanted acceleration, Complete lack of deceleration, Partial lack of deceleration, and Speed limit violation. The outcome of each failure scenario has been categorized based on whether the driver managed to avoid a collision or not. For the outcomes where collisions were successfully avoided, the situations were analyzed in more detail and classified according to the strategy used by the driver. Besides showing that partial lack of deceleration caused more collisions than complete lack of deceleration (43% compared to 14% of the participants colliding), the results also indicate a preference among drivers to steer and change lane rather than to apply the brakes when faced with acceleration and deceleration failures. A trade off relationship was identified between allowing a failing ACC to stay operational and on the other hand disabling it when an error is detected. Keeping the system operational can cause confusion about the mode of the system but as the results of the study indicate it can also improve the situation by reducing impact speed.
Epidemiology of Sports Injuries (1996)

A comprehensive compilation and critical analysis of injury data from a wide range of sports. For each 24 athletic endeavours, the text details: injury incidence; injury characteristics; injury severity; and injury risk factors. Suggestions for injury prevention and directions for future research are also provided in the sport-specific chapters. Two overview chapters giving a broader perspective on sports injuries cover: injury prevention measures that are applicable across sports; and guidelines for evaluating future research in epidemiology of sports injuries.
Regulating IRFs in IFN Driven Disease (2019)

The Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors that play pivotal roles in many aspects of the immune response, including immune cell development and differentiation and regulating responses to pathogens. Three family members, IRF3, IRF5, and IRF7, are critical to production of type I interferons downstream of pathogen recognition receptors that detect viral RNA and DNA. A fourth family member, IRF9, regulates interferon-driven gene expression. In addition, IRF4, IRF8, and IRF5 regulate myeloid cell development and phenotype, thus playing important roles in regulating inflammatory responses. Thus, understanding how their levels and activity is regulated is of critical importance given that perturbations in either can result in dysregulated immune responses and potential autoimmune disease. This review will focus the role of IRF family members in regulating type I IFN production and responses and myeloid cell development or differentiation, with particular emphasis on how regulation of their levels and activity by ubiquitination and microRNAs may impact autoimmune disease.
An Adaptive Echo Canceller in a Nonideal Environment (Nonlinear or Time Variant) (1971)

In this paper we calculate a lower bound on suppression provided by an adaptive echo canceller in either a nonlinear or time variant environment. Specifically, we examine the effects on performance of nonlinear echo paths described by a Volterra integral equation [equation (18)] or time variant echo paths caused by phase jitter on single-sideband suppressed carrier systems.
HLA-DR4 and Other Genetic Markers in Rheumatoid Arthritis (1988)

In a new series of RA patients the association with HLA-DR4 was again found to be highly significant. Also increased were the DR4 associated antigens DRw53 and DQw3. Hybridization of a DQ-beta probe to Bg1 II-digested DNA showed that a variant of DQw3, characterized by a 4.3 kb fragment and related to the serological specificity TA10, was markedly increased among DR4 positive RA patients. HLA-DR1 was also increased in RA and appeared to be independent of the increase of DR4. Although the DR1 association was weaker, it was observed in both patients with and without RF. In contrast, DR4 was found to be increased significantly only in the RF positive group of patients, as previously observed. Development of RA in multiple-case families was found to be linked to the inheritance of DR4 positive haplotypes. The possible role of risk factors associated with polymorphic markers of the T-cell receptor genes was investigated. An allelic marker associated with one of the variable gene subfamilies of the beta-chain was found to be associated with RA. The results suggest that susceptibility for development of RA is influenced by alleles of the T-cell receptor in conjunction with the class II HLA factors with which the T-cell receptor interacts in the course of the immune response.
Transcriptional Profiling in Coronary Artery Disease (2006)

Monocyte transcription profiling identifies sets of patients with extensive versus poorly developed collateral circulation. Thus, genetic factors may heavily influence coronary collateral vessel growth in CAD and affect prognosis and response to therapeutic interventions.
Dynamic load balancing technique for wide area video server (2002)

Proposes a dynamic load-balancing technique for a video-on-demand (VOD) server system which is responsible for transmitting video stream data to a client's set-top box (STB), and shows the result from a VOD system designed to incorporate our proposed load-balancing scheme. Our load-balancing technique is an application of the extended gradient model, in which we modify and update the control parameters and extend the 2D load map to 3D [we call this the "workload distribution surface" (WDS)], taking into consideration the operational factors of the VOD service, such as the quality of service (QoS). The objective is to use the power of the VOD server efficiently, so that we can enhance the performance of the server and build a VOD server system which provides many more services with good quality to subscribers.
Vaginal progesterone is associated with a decrease in risk for early preterm birth and improved neonatal outcome in women with a short cervix: a secondary analysis from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial (2007)

Vaginal progesterone may reduce the rate of early preterm birth and improve neonatal outcome in women with a short sonographic cervical length.
A Comparison of Communications Practices Among Indian and U.S. Scientists and Engineers (2000)

ABSTRACT An investigation of communication practices among U.S. (n s= 90) and Indian (n = 71) engineers and scientists employed in the aerospace industry revealed statistically significant differences between the two cultures. The differences may be attributed to Hofstede's (1980) cultural dimensions of individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and power distance; Hofstede and Bond's (1988) Confucian dynamism; and Hall's (1976) cultural context. Implications for practice address strategies to accommodate foreign cultures and to develop complementary approaches using the strengths of both cultures. Areas for future research are offered.
Identification of an Immunologically Cross-Reactive 60-Kilodalton<i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i>Protein Distinct from p57: Implications for Immunodiagnosties (1995)

Renibacterium salmoninarum produces an abundant cell surface and secreted protein (p57) with a mass of 57 kilodaltons (kDa) that is targeted for use in antibody-based diagnostic assays. A recent report suggested that p57 has immunologically related comigrating homologs in other species of bacteria. Because of the implications of cross-reactivity for the utility of these assays, we evaluated the specificity of anti-p57 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and polyclonal anti-R. salmoninarum serum as probes for lysates of R. salmoninarum and nine other selected bacteria. Immunoblots were also probed with polyclonal antisera against the ubiquitous 60-kDa heat shock protein (hsp60) from Chlamydia psittaci. Consistent with the previous report, rabbit anti-R. salmoninarum serum produced in our laboratory recognized a 57-60-kDa protein in three other gram-positive bacteria; however, none of the seven anti-p57 MAbs recognized similarly sized proteins in any species other than R. salmoninarum. Immunoblotting with the anti-hsp60 sera demonstrated that the antigenically conserved 60-kDa heat shock proteins, which comigrate with p57, may be responsible for the described cross-reactivity. These results provide a possible explanation for the cross-reactivity of anti-R. salmoninarurn polyclonal sera, and confirm the importance of examining the specificity of polyclonal and monoclonal antibody reagents prior to their use in diagnostic assays.
Chemistry of the Aliphatic Esters of Thiophosphoric Acids. I (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of the Aliphatic Esters of Thiophosphoric Acids. IT. W. Mastin, George R. Norman, and E. A. WeilmuensterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 10, 1662–1664Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01226a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01226a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views387Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A 7Gb/s/pin GDDR5 SDRAM with 2.5ns bank-to-bank active time and no bank-group restriction (2010)

In the development of 3D graphic systems for higher resolution and more realistic modeling and rendering, graphic memories also have been playing a critical role to offer the required high bandwidth. Currently, GDDR5 SDRAM's provide with 7Gbps per pin speed [1], reaching their physical limit originated from single-ended signaling nature: noise in reference voltage and power, and channel crosstalk. Especially, the channel crosstalk takes a dominating portion in 7Gbps timing budget, becoming the main barrier for further speed improvement. Although there has been research on crosstalk canceller in memory interface [2], it imposed stringent restrictions on signal ordering and trace length in PCB and package routing, and had limited performance. Therefore, improving the efficiency of DRAM core draws more attention than pin bandwidth now.
Piezoelectric generator using a LiNbO/sub 3/ plate with an inverted domain (2002)

Piezoelectric generator using an impact hammer can achieve a high efficiency by using the vibration of a piezoelectric plate. To achieve high efficiency it is necessary for the piezoelectric plate to have a high electro-mechanical coupling factor k and high Q. Therefore, in this study the generator using a thin plate of 140/spl deg/ rotated Y-cut LiNbO/sub 3/ with an inverted domain is proposed to achieve for a high efficiency. The efficiency of the piezoelectric generator is 78% for this new LiNbO/sub 3/ generator and 65% for a conventional PZT generator. The total efficiency including the impact hammer is 55%. A multilayer LiNbO/sub 3/ element bonded with glue is tested. The efficiency of piezoelectric generator is 70%. It is confirmed that these new generators are effective.
Early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction by a newly developed rapid immunoturbidimetric assay for myoglobin (1992)

Myoglobin was more sensitive in detecting early myocardial infarction than creatine kinase and creatine kinase MB activity. Immunoturbidimetric myoglobin measurements could be useful in the early evaluation of patients with suspected myocardial infarction because this assay takes less than two minutes.
Thermal Fatigue Resistance of Alloy 718 for Aluminum Die Casting Dies (2001)

Hot-work die steels have enjoyed extensive use as casting dies for over 70 years. Casting dies are typically made of H-13 when the die temperature remains below about 800F (427C). When the die temperature exceeds 800F (427"C), the selection of a die material must be made from a relatively limited range of high-strength maraging steels or modified H-13 alloys. The performance of aluminum casting dies is particularly troublesome because the casting temperatures often exceed the capability of current die materials. As a result, dies invariably fail by thermal fatigue. Nickel-base superalloys have never received serious consideration as die materials because of high raw material costs and poor thermal properties. The increased awareness of die life makes alloys, such as 718, attractive from a life-cycle cost point of view. Recent investigations at Allvac, an Allegheny Technologies company, have shown that over a range of conditions, 7 18 offers significantly better thermal fatigue resistance compared to H-13. Further, 718 appears better able to tolerate high temperature exposures during aluminum die casting. The excellent high temperature strength and oxidation resistance of 718 cofibine for excellent thermal fatigue resistance. Thermal fatigue test results and microstructural evaluations of test specimens are summarized and discussed in this paper.
Incoherent beam combining of multiple single-mode fiber lasers utilizing fused tapered bundling (2010)

Beam combining with tapered array of single mode fibers is presented. A mutual incoherent CW power launch into the entries introduces intensity addition of which brightness can be utmost conserved. The best limit for the combined output beam quality is given by the brightness conservation law. An experiment where three and seven input CW signals are combined supports this claim. The respective M<sup>2</sup> values were close to the best predicted limit, thus it is found to have good agreement with the brightness limit. The power transfer is higher than 90%.
FK506 Measurement (1993)

In this study, we used solid-phase extraction with Sep-Pak and a liquid-liquid extraction with methylene chloride as two primary methods of extracting FK506 from plasma. The extracts were either analyzed directly by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation and different fractions were analyzed by ELISA. Serial blood samples were obtained from four kidney transplant patients and four patients who underwent liver transplantation, from day 1 until day 30-35 posttransplantation. There was no significant difference in the FK506 plasma concentration as measured by all four methods in normal transplant patients. However, in liver transplant patients, the solid-phase extraction method gave higher FK506 concentrations than the methylene chloride extraction during the early postoperative period. The concentrations measured after methylene chloride extraction were higher than that after HPLC-ELISA. This higher FK506 concentration measured by direct ELISA could be attributed to possible cross-reacting metabolites that were present in the plasma of patients with abnormal liver functions. Once liver function returns to normal, all four methods give identical plasma concentrations for FK506.
Stem cell therapy. (2018)

What are stem cells? Stem cells are no differentiated cells that have the ability of proliferation, regeneration, conversion to differentiated cells and tissue production. Regeneration means that these cells have the ability of asymmetric division which one of the resulting cells remains as stem cell while another cell, which is called daughter cell, becomes one cell of germ layer. Stem cells may remain inactive for a long time till they enter cell division again
A Comparison of Feature Extraction Methods for the Classification of Dynamic Activities From Accelerometer Data (2008)

Driven by the demands on healthcare resulting from the shift toward more sedentary lifestyles, considerable effort has been devoted to the monitoring and classification of human activity. In previous studies, various classification schemes and feature extraction methods have been used to identify different activities from a range of different datasets. In this paper, we present a comparison of 14 methods to extract classification features from accelerometer signals. These are based on the wavelet transform and other well-known time- and frequency-domain signal characteristics. To allow an objective comparison between the different features, we used two datasets of activities collected from 20 subjects. The first set comprised three commonly used activities, namely, level walking, stair ascent, and stair descent, and the second a total of eight activities. Furthermore, we compared the classification accuracy for each feature set across different combinations of three different accelerometer placements. The classification analysis has been performed with robust subject-based cross-validation methods using a nearest-neighbor classifier. The findings show that, although the wavelet transform approach can be used to characterize nonstationary signals, it does not perform as accurately as frequency-based features when classifying dynamic activities performed by healthy subjects. Overall, the best feature sets achieved over 95% intersubject classification accuracy.
New business client acquisition using social networking sites (2013)

The rapid development and expansion of the social services and social networking sites (SNSs) on the Internet has boosted interdisciplinary research on online communities as a part of social network analysis. Social networking creates a unique opportunity to establish new business contacts with people from unexplored markets to gain new customers or contractors. The goal of the paper is to present a new idea for acquisition of new customers in the business-to-business market using individual human relationships existing SNSs. In order to find an appropriate solution, the SCAN method (System for Client Acquisition via Social Network) has been proposed. This method is a B2B application to support new markets gaining process. It makes use of paths over human relationships that lead in the shortest and steadfast way from the searching company members to the potential clients represented by their selected employees.
<title>Flexible display enabling technology</title> (2001)

In a collaboration between Pennsylvania State University and Princeton University, we have been laying the foundations for flexible display technology. Flexible substrates including plastic or steel foil, backplanes of organic or silicone transistors, and directly printed RGB organic light emitting diodes are issues central to this collaboration. We present an overview of key recent results. Silicon based thin film transistors have been processed at the ultralow temperatures required for processing on plastic substrates. Organic thin film transistors and circuits with record mobilities have been fabricated that are naturally matched to low temperature substrates. Organic light emitting diodes have been made by inkjet printing in an approach that solves the RGB patterning problem of OLED displays. The mechanics of flexible substrates have been defined and thin film silicon transistor performance is shown to be unaffected by bending. Substantial progress has been made toward the realization of rugged, lightweight, flexible and even conformal displays.
Design, Identification, and Control of a Flexure-Based <i>XY </i> Stage for Fast Nanoscale Positioning (2008)

The design, identification, and control of a novel, flexure-based, piezoelectric stack-actuated XY nanopositioning stage are presented in this paper. The main goal of the design is to combine the ability to scan over a relatively large range (25times25 mum) with high scanning speed. Consequently, the stage is designed to have its first dominant mode at 2.7 kHz. Cross-coupling between the two axes is kept to -35 dB, low enough to utilize single-input--single-output control strategies for tracking. Finite-element analysis (FEA) is used during the design process to analyze the mechanical resonance frequencies, travel range, and cross-coupling between the X- and Y-axes of the stage. Nonlinearities such as hysteresis are present in such stages. These effects, which exist due to the use of piezoelectric stacks for actuation, are minimized using charge actuation. The integral resonant control method is applied in conjunction with feedforward inversion technique to achieve high-speed and accurate scanning performances, up to 400 Hz.
Application of additional mirrors for rectilinear laser scanning of wide formats (1978)

If an inexpensive postobjective laser scanner is used for high-resolution scanning of wide formats, the focus either describes a curved scanning line or departs from the scanning plane. To eliminate these drawbacks, it is shown that the laser beam, if first deflected by a rotating polygon mirror, may be positioned by an additional mirror just in front of the scanning plane to rectify the curve. The shape of the additional mirror, which depends on the properties of the deflection unit, was determined in solving a differential equation. Unfortunately, the resulting mirror shape follows a complicated curve which is difficult to manufacture. Further calculations, however, showed that the deviation of the focus path from a straight scanning line can be made small, even for large scan widths, if circular and elliptical additional mirrors are utilized.
Chronic Administration Of Docosahexaenoic Acid Improves The Performance Of Radial Arm Maze Task In Aged Rats (2001)

1. In the present study, we investigated the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on spatial memory related learning ability in aged (100 weeks) male Wistar rats. 2. Rats were fed a fish oil-deficient diet through three generations and were then randomly divided into two groups. Over 10 weeks, one group was per orally administered 300 mg/kg per day DHA dissolved in 5% gum Arabic solution and the other group was administered the vehicle alone. Five weeks after the start of the administration, rats were tested with the partially baited eight-arm radial maze to estimate two types of spatial memory related learning ability displayed by reference memory error and working memory error. 3. Chronic administration of DHA significantly decreased the number of reference memory errors and working memory errors. 4. The level of lipid peroxide (LPO) in the hippocampus tended to decrease with chronic DHA administration and demonstrated a positive correlation with the number of reference memory errors. 5. These results suggest that the accumulation of hippocampal LPO reduces spatial memory related learning ability in aged rats. Moreover, chronic administration of DHA was effective in decreasing the level of hippocampal LPO, then improving learning ability.