gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A hybrid approach to modeling metabolic systems using genetic algorithm and simplex method (2002)

The genetic algorithm is applied to the parameter estimation problem to optimize a model of the glucose cycle of an E. Coli cell. Since the evaluation of the model is computationally expensive, a hybrid algorithm is proposed which grafts a proposed variant of J.A. Nelder and R. Mead's (1965) downhill simplex-called concurrent simplex-with the genetic algorithm by using the simplex as an additional operator. The addition of the operator speeds up the rate of convergence of the genetic algorithm in some cases. The advantages and disadvantages of the simplex hybrid are discussed and the hybrid is tested against several different problem sets to verify its improvement over the generic genetic algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
New service development: a review of the literature and annotated bibliography (1998)

Provides a review and ready reference to recent writings on new service development (NSD), especially for the financial services sector. Discusses the types of new service development, the purposes served by them and the processes. Refers to the key activities of NSD and measures its success. An annotated bibliography supplies a very useful guide to the new service development literature.
Floating aerial LED signage based on aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR) (2014)

We propose a floating aerial LED signage technique by utilizing retro-reflection. The proposed display is composed of LEDs, a half mirror, and retro-reflective sheeting. Directivity of the aerial image formation and size of the aerial image have been investigated. Furthermore, a floating aerial LED sign has been successfully formed in free space.
Effect of 6-Methoxybenzoxazolinone on Sex Ratio and Breeding Performance in Microtus Montanus1 (1987)

The plant derivative, 6-mathoxybenzoxazolinone (6-MBOA), which has been demonstrated to initiate reproduction in field populations of the montane meadow vole (Microtus montanus), was administered via feeding or Silastic capsule implants to mated pairs of laboratory bred M. montanus. The animals remained paired for 120 days, and the number, size, and sex ratios of the resulting litters were recorded. Both the size and frequency of litters were significantly greater in 6-MBOA-treated pairs than in controls. By using implants, it was possible to treat one or both sexes in a mated pair. The positive effects of this compound on litter size and number of litters occurred when the females received implants, which indicates that the male has no influence on these parameters. The most unusual result of these experiments was that 6-MBOA has a significant effect on the sex ratio of the litters. Animals receiving 6-MBOA produced significantly more females than did control pairs. This result occurred regardless of the method of administration, and in the case of the implant studies, regardless of which sex received the active implants. These findings are discussed in relation to the ecology and life history strategy of Microtus montanus.
Automatic Web Service Composition Considering User Non-functional Preferences (2008)

A problem of combining multiple Web services to satisfy a single task, known as Web service composition problem, has received much attention recently. In real applications, there are several relevant Web services for each goal, so the search space for such a problem is huge. In this paper, we propose a novel heuristic distance measure for directing a backward search algorithm. Proposed distance measure also considers non-functional user preferences and makes significant improvement in performance of Web service composition.
QSAR Modeling of α-Campholenic Derivatives with Sandalwood Odor (2003)

Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models were developed for a series of 44 synthetic alpha-campholenic derivatives with sandalwood odor. These compounds have complex stereochemistry as they contain up to five chiral atoms. To address stereospecificity of odor intensity, a 3D-QSAR method was developed, which does not require spatial alignment of molecules. In this method, compounds are represented as derivatives of several common structural templates with several substituents, which are numbered according to their relative spatial positions in the molecule. Both wholistic and substituent descriptors calculated with the TSAR software were used as independent variables. Based on published experimental data of sandalwood odor intensities, two discrete scales of the odor intensity with equal or unequal intervals between the threshold values were developed. The data set was divided into a training set of 38 compounds and a test set of six compounds. To build QSAR models, a stepwise multiple linear regression method was used. The best model was obtained using the unequal scale of odor intensity: for the training set, the leave one out cross-validated R(2) (q(2)) was 0.80, the correlation coefficient R between actual and predicted odor intensities was 0.93, and the correlation coefficient for the test set was 0.95. The QSAR models developed in this study contribute to the better understanding of structural, electronic, and lipophilic properties responsible for sandalwood odor. Furthermore, the QSAR approach reported herein can be applied to other data sets that include compounds with complex stereochemistry.
In Vitro Production of Cacoa Seed Lipids1 (1982)

Abstract Asexual embryos of Theobroma cacao L. (cacao), initiated from zygotic embryos and grown in nutrient medium with increasing sucrose concentrations, synthesized lipids with fatty acid and triglyceride composition similar to those of zygotic embryos maturing in vitro. Oleo-palmitostearin, the major triglyceride in cocoa butter, was identified in developing asexual embryos cultured in vitro. In vitro culture of asexual embryos of cacao may be a feasible system for the production of cocoa butter.
Recombination and Trapping in Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells (2001)

In broad terms, this thesis is concerned with the measurement and interpretation of carrier lifetimes in multicrystalline silicon. An understanding of these lifetimes in turn leads to a clearer picture of the limiting mechanisms in solar cells made with this promising material, and points to possible paths for improvement. The work falls into three broad categories: gettering, trapping and recombination. A further section discusses a powerful new technique for characterising impurities in semiconductors in general, and provides an example of its application. ¶ ...
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of C(1)‐ and N(2)‐Substituted β‐Carboline Derivatives. (1987)

Abstract The β‐carbolines (II), (VIII), and (IX) and the tetrahydro derivative (VII) are synthesized as outlined in the reaction scheme.
Staufen2 isoforms localize to the somatodendritic domain of neurons and interact with different organelles (2002)

Mammalian Staufen2 (Stau2) is involved in mRNA transport in neurons. Here, we report that Stau2 is a double-stranded RNA-binding protein that is mainly expressed in the brain. We show that Stau2 is found in the somatodendritic compartment of neurons. In dendrites, Stau2 is aligned on individual tracts and colocalizes with microtubules. Stau2 is expressed as at least three splice isoforms, which can be observed in several subcellular complexes. Although a 62 kDa isoform (Stau2(62)) fractionates in ribosome-free fractions of light density, Stau2(59) and Stau2(52) are found in high-density complexes. These complexes are resistant to EDTA and to non-ionic detergent. For the first time, we also provide evidence for an interaction of some Stau2 isoforms with ribosomes, thus pointing to an interesting new role for Stau2 in translation. EDTA treatment, which dissociates ribosome subunits, does not release Stau2 from the subunits, suggesting that Stau2-ribosome associations are not mediated mainly by mRNA intermediates. Although Stau2 has many features in common with its paralogue Stau1, it does not colocalize with Stau1-containing particles, indicating that these proteins are components of different complexes in dendrites. Our findings suggest that members of the Staufen family share evolutionarily conserved properties and highlight the complexity of Staufen-mediated RNA transport in neurons.
Spectrotemporal Modulation Sensitivity as a Predictor of Speech Intelligibility for Hearing-Impaired Listeners (2013)

Impaired STM sensitivity likely results from a combination of a reduced ability to resolve spectral peaks and a reduced ability to use TFS information to follow spectral-peak movements. Combining STM sensitivity estimates with audiometric threshold measures for individual HI listeners provided a more accurate prediction of speech intelligibility than audiometric measures alone. These results suggest a significant likelihood of success for an STM-based model of speech intelligibility for HI listeners.
Preparation and crystal structure of 6-acetyl-1-iodocodeine (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and crystal structure of 6-acetyl-1-iodocodeineArnold A. Liebman, David H. Malarek, John F. Blount, Nels R. Nelson, and Charles M. DelaneyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 4, 737–739Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00398a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00398a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Physico-chemical and rheological changes of fruit purees during storage (2011)

A large number of purees of fruits and vegetables are produced commercially; some are usually consumed directly, while others are used as intermediate products and ingredients. The fruit purees studied were realized with peach, apple and pear. Immediately after the production (t0) and after the storage period (tn) the pH, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid content and Bostwick consistency of samples were evaluated. Furthermore after the storage period (tn) the moisture content, the water activity and the colour parameters were also determined. Rheological properties were evaluated by using a controlled stress–strain rheometer and a cone and plate geometry sensor. The viscosity (η) against shear rate were evaluated to study the rheological behaviour of all fruit purees. In this study the flow curves were also evaluated and fitted according to the rheological model of Casson. The experimental measurements showed that the viscosity variation against the shear rate of fruit purees is exponential and therefore they are non-Newtonian fluids. The Casson model was found to fit adequately (R2 ≥0.84) over the entire shear-rate range. Moreover significant and interesting correlations between Bostwick consistency and some rheological parameters were found. Unfortunately a scanty production's standardization over the years was observed.
I.V. Administration of L-GNRH-PE66 efficiently inhibits growth of colon adenocarcinoma xenografts in nude mice (2001)

When developing new anti-cancer therapeutic treatments, it is crucial to find the correct route of administration and timetable for treatment. Recently, we constructed the L-GnRH-PE66 chimeric protein, which can target and kill adenocarcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. We examined the ability of the L-GnRH-PE66 chimeric protein to inhibit tumor growth in colon carcinoma xenografted nude mice, using different routes of administration and various timetables of treatment. In addition, we examined the ability of the chimeric protein to inhibit tumor growth of large tumors that resemble those encountered in human patients in the clinical setting. We found that an i.v. dose of 12.5 microg given every 48 hr was the most efficacious in inhibiting tumor growth. Tumors treated with this concentration of the chimeric protein were 4.4 times smaller in volume and 3.4 times smaller in weight than those in the control groups. This protocol of L-GnRH-PE66 treatment is an improvement on our previously suggested treatment for adenocarcinoma in humans. An i.v. injection every 48 hr is effective, less toxic and less painful. Our results further support the use of L-GnRH-PE66 as an effective treatment for adenocarcinoma in humans.
Pulsed Neutron Source (1955)

A pulsed neutron source is described which gives 106 neutrons in a burst which is 2×10−8 second wide. The plasma of an ion pump is used as the source of deuterium ions which are accelerated to 200 kv before striking a deuterium target, where the D(d,n)He3 reaction produces 2 to 3 Mev neutrons.
Two-step Kalman-filter-based AFC for direct conversion-type receiver in LEO satellite communications (2000)

We present a new two-step automatic frequency control (AFC) suited for direct conversion-type receivers to counteract large frequency offset with time variation in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems. The proposed AFC scheme based on the Kalman-filter provides two steps of frequency estimations, i.e., coarse and fine estimations. Its performance is evaluated by computer simulation with the application to a differentially encoded QPSK/differential-detection system. The proposed scheme shows its excellent characteristic, extending the frequency acquisition range to even that comparable to or larger than the symbol rate. Furthermore, it can track well a time variation of frequency offset.
A programmable microfluidic static droplet array for droplet generation, transportation, fusion, storage, and retrieval (2015)

We present a programmable microfluidic static droplet array (SDA) device that can perform user-defined multistep combinatorial protocols. It combines the passive storage of aqueous droplets without any external control with integrated microvalves for discrete sample dispensing and dispersion-free unit operation. The addressable picoliter-volume reaction is systematically achieved by consecutively merging programmable sequences of reagent droplets. The SDA device is remarkably reusable and able to perform identical enzyme kinetic experiments at least 30 times via automated cross-contamination-free removal of droplets from individual hydrodynamic traps. Taking all these features together, this programmable and reusable universal SDA device will be a general microfluidic platform that can be reprogrammed for multiple applications.
Girdin, a Novel Actin‐Binding Protein, and Its Family of Proteins Possess Versatile Functions in the Akt and Wnt Signaling Pathways (2006)

Girdin (GIRDers of actIN filament, also reported as APE, GIV, or HkRP1) is a novel protein expressed ubiquitously in mammals and was recently identified as a binding partner of the serine/threonine kinase Akt. We found that Girdin is an actin-binding protein involved in both the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and in cell motility. Recent studies have uncovered new and varied functions of Girdin. For example, it prolongs the activation of Akt and regulates DNA replication in response to insulin signaling. Girdin also associates with heterotrimeric G proteins and dynamin (a large GTPase), which are involved in membrane transport. We found that Akt phosphorylates Girdin in response to growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) in fibroblasts. Furthermore, phosphorylated Girdin accumulates at the leading edge of migrating cells, suggesting its role in Akt-dependent cell migration or tumor invasion. To date, two paralogues of Girdin have been identified in mammals. One of them, Daple (also named HkRP2), is a binding partner and regulator of Dishevelled, an important cytoplasmic component of the Wnt signaling pathway. Another is a protein encoded by FLJ00354 (also named HkRP3), which has not been functionally characterized. These members are assumed to be dimers with large polypeptide chains (220-250 kDa) that associate at their central long coiled-coil domains. The amino acid sequences of the members show about 32-46% overall identity, with the greatest variation toward the carboxyl terminal domains that specify the binding partners. Here we propose roles for this family of proteins in diverse cellular processes.
Improving Area-Selective Molecular Layer Deposition by Selective SAM Removal (2014)

Area selective molecular layer deposition (MLD) is a promising technique for achieving micro- or nanoscale patterned organic structures. However, this technique still faces challenges in attaining high selectivity, especially at large MLD cycle numbers. Here, we illustrate a new strategy for achieving high quality patterns in selective film deposition on patterned Cu/Si substrates. We employed the intrinsically selective adsorption of an octadecylphosphonic acid self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on Cu over Si surfaces to selectively create a resist layer only on Cu. MLD was then performed on the patterns to deposit organic films predominantly on the Si surface, with only small amounts growing on the Cu regions. A negative potential bias was subsequently applied to the pattern to selectively desorb the layer of SAMs electrochemically from the Cu surface while preserving the MLD films on Si. Selectivity could be enhanced up to 30-fold after this treatment.
Is the testis a chemo-privileged site? Is there a blood-testis barrier? (2007)

The incidence of testicular cancer, primarily seminoma, has been increasing in many countries, including the United States. The testis is often the site of residual cancer after adequate treatment with systemic chemotherapy. The blood-testis barrier is commonly cited as the explanation for residual tumor within the gonad after chemotherapy and as the indication for delayed orchiectomy. Conversely, complete eradication of viable tumor from the primary site is common and argues against the testis as a "tumor sanctuary." Residual tumor is also demonstrated within metastatic foci, and the disparity between the histopathologic response of the primary tumor and metastatic sites may be best explained by tumor heterogeneity and multiple tumor clones. Regardless of the scientific and academic arguments, delayed radical orchiectomy remains an important part of treatment for patients undergoing primary chemotherapy.
A microcomputer-based airspace control simulation and prototype human-machine interface (2003)

ATALARS (automated tactical aircraft launch and recovery system) is a concept for a fully automated air traffic management system intended for post-2000 military service. Part of the ATALARS concept development effort currently being conducted is directed at defining the role of automation in air traffic control and at resolving human-automation interface issues. To evaluate these issues, a microcomputer-based demonstration of post-2000 airspace control automation, called ACES (ATALARS concept evaluation simulation), was developed. ACES runs on an 80286/80386 platform and integrates the airspace simulation, automation algorithms, and the human-machine interface. The simulation is an object-oriented simulation written in conventional high-level language (Pascal) in order to get the faster real-time performance required for ACES. The automation algorithms are a combination of computations and rule-based expert system decisions also written in Pascal. The human-machine interface is a prototype of a possible airspace manager or air traffic controller workstation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Perturbation theory for inhomogeneous transmission lines (2002)

We present a novel technique to calculate the transmission and reflection properties of inhomogeneous lossy transmission lines. It is based on a perturbation expansion of the relevant telegrapher's equation around the homogeneous solution. The method reveals that the transmission properties are unaffected to first order in the impedance and admittance, while reflection properties are modified by first-order terms. Extending the analysis to second order, we find correction terms for both transmission and reflection. These allow us to understand the statistical properties of the information bearing capacity and the echo of the inhomogeneous transmission line. The correction to the transmission properties is fully reciprocal, despite the absence of any symmetry properties. We compute scaling laws for echo and capacity.
Boosting CO Production in Electrocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction on Highly Porous Zn Catalysts (2019)

Earth-abundant electrocatalysts are desirable for the efficient and selective reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to value-added chemicals. Here, a low-cost porous Zn electrocatalyst is synthesized using a facile electrodeposition method to boost the performance of CO<sub>2</sub> electrocatalytic reaction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR). In an H-cell reactor, the porous Zn catalyst can convert CO<sub>2</sub> to CO at a remarkably high faradaic efficiency (FE, ~95%) and current density (27 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>) at –0.95 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. Detailed electrokinetic studies demonstrate that instead of the enhanced intrinsic activity, the dramatically increased active sites play a decisive role in improving the catalytic activity. In addition, the high local pH induced by the highly porous structure of Zn results in enhanced CO selectivity because of the suppressed H<sub>2</sub> evolution. Furthermore, we present a straightforward strategy to transform the porous Zn electrode into a gas diffusion electrode. This way, the CO<sub>2</sub>RR current density can be boosted to 200 mA cm<sup>–2</sup> with ~84% FE for CO –0.64 V in a flow-cell reactor, which is, to date, the best performance observed over non-noble CO<sub>2</sub>RR catalysts.
Synthesis of Copper-64 and Technetium-99M Labeled Oligonucleotides with Macrocyclic Ligands (1997)

Abstract An efficient procedure for the preparation of oligonucleotides carrying a mono-N-substituted azamacrocycle and its radiolabeled complex with Cu-64 and Tc-99m is reported. The new derivatives are of potential interest for Positron Emission Tomography and Single Photon Emission Tomography.
Methylene Blue and Sestamibi: Complementary Tools for Localizing Parathyroids (2001)

Sestamibi scanning and methylene blue staining are useful, complementary localizing tools for patients undergoing surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. When used together, these studies decrease operative time, justify unilateral exploration in patients with parathyroid adenoma, and increase the ease of identification of hyperplastic parathyroid glands.