gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of ‘‘twins’’ observed by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy in YBa2Cu3O7−<i>x</i> superconductors (1988)

By using transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy on the same specimens, the patterns of light- and dark-contrast lines seen in reflected polarized light were shown to be an interference pattern due to the variable spacing of suboptical microtwins. These microtwins are mostly [110] reflection twins. The [110] twinning was observed to be cyclic and occasionally pseudotetragonal because of the progressive cycling of contact twin domains. Within a domain, and occasionally in a whole grain, the [110] reflection twins occurred as polysynthetic lamellae. The morphology of the domain structure can be explained from the theory of martensitic transformation.
Self-Assembled and One-Step Synthesis of Interconnected 3D Network of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Hybrid for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode (2017)

In the present work, we have synthesized three-dimensional (3D) reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGO NSs) containing iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) hybrids (3D Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/rGO) by one-pot microwave approach. Structural and morphological studies reveal that the as-synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/rGO hybrids were composed of faceted Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs induced into the interconnected network of rGO NSs. The morphologies and structures of the 3D hybrids have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The electrochemical studies were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, which demonstrate superior electrochemical performance as supercapacitors electrode application. The specific capacitances of 3D hybrid materials was 455 F g<sup>-1</sup> at the scan rate of 8 mV s<sup>-1</sup>, which is superior to that of bare Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs. Additionally, the 3D hybrid shows good cycling stability with a retention ratio of 91.4 after starting from ∼190 cycles up to 9600 cycles. These attractive results suggest that this 3D Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/rGO hybrid shows better performance as an electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.
THE ZNAMENNY CHANT OF THE RUSSIAN CHURCH (1940)

Journal Article THE ZNAMENNY CHANT OF THE RUSSIAN CHURCH Get access ALFRED J. SWAN, ALFRED J. SWAN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES I. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Musical Quarterly, Volume XXVI, Issue 2, April 1940, Pages 232–243, https://doi.org/10.1093/mq/XXVI.2.232 Published: 01 April 1940
The evolution of authorship in a remix society (2007)

Authorship entails the constrained selection or generation of media and the organization and layout of that media in a larger structure. But authorship is more than just selection and organization; it is a complex construct incorporating concepts of originality, authority, intertextuality, and attribution. In this paper we explore these concepts and ask how they are changing in light of modes of collaborative authorship in remix culture. We present a qualitative case study of an online video remixing site, illustrating how the constraints of that environment are impacting authorial constructs. We discuss users' self-conceptions as authors, and how values related to authorship are reflected to users through the interface and design of the site's tools. We also present some implications for the design of online communities for collaborative media creation and remixing.
HDR Image Compression based on Local Adaptation for Scene and Display Using Retinal Model (2006)

Retinal adaptation process helps the human visual system to see a high dynamic range scene in the real world. This paper presents a simple static local adaptation method for high dynamic range image compression based on a retinal model. The proposed simple model aims at recreating the same sensations between the real scene and the compressed image on the display device when viewed after reaching steady state local adaptation respectively. Our new model takes the display adaptation into account in relation to the scene adaptation based on the retinal model. In computing local adaptation, the use of nonlinear edge preserving bilateral filter presents a better tonal rendition in compressing local contrast and preserving details while avoiding banding artifacts suffering from normally in local methods.
Motion based vehicle surround analysis using an omni-directional camera (2004)

Omni-directional cameras which give 360 degree panoramic view of the surroundings and have recently been used in many applications such as robotics, navigation and surveillance. This paper describes the application of motion estimation on omni camera to perform surround analysis using an automobile mounted camera. The system detects and tracks the surrounding vehicles by compensating the ego-motion and detecting objects having independent motion. Prior knowledge about ego-motion and calibration is optimally combined with the information from the image gradients to get better motion compensation.
Surface Currents in InP/InGaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors Produced by Passivation Film Formation (1993)

The correlation between the passivation film formation for InP/InGaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors and transistor current-voltage ( I-V ) characteristics is investigated. The I-V characteristics vary significantly depending on the kind of passivation films. The major change in I-V characteristics is the increase in base current ( I b ),which implies the generation of an additional recombination process around the surface of the emitter-base junction. A change in collector current ( I c ) is also observed, indicating that the electron injection mechanism changed near the passivated semiconductor surface. These surface currents are produced by the interaction of the semiconductor surface with the passivation films. It is shown that these surface currents are greatly suppressed using a buffered hydrofluoric acid solution before the passivation film formation.
PalmNet: Gabor-PCA Convolutional Networks for Touchless Palmprint Recognition (2019)

Touchless palmprint recognition systems enable high-accuracy recognition of individuals through less-constrained and highly usable procedures that do not require the contact of the palm with a surface. To perform this recognition, methods based on local texture descriptors and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are currently used to extract highly discriminative features while compensating for variations in scale, rotation, and illumination in biometric samples. In particular, the main advantage of CNN-based methods is their ability to adapt to biometric samples captured with heterogeneous devices. However, the current methods rely on either supervised training algorithms, which require class labels (e.g., the identities of the individuals) during the training phase, or filters pretrained on general-purpose databases, which may not be specifically suitable for palmprint data. To achieve a high-recognition accuracy with touchless palmprint samples captured using different devices while neither requiring class labels for training nor using pretrained filters, we introduce PalmNet, which is a novel CNN that uses a newly developed method to tune palmprint-specific filters through an unsupervised procedure based on Gabor responses and principal component analysis (PCA), not requiring class labels during training. PalmNet is a new method of applying Gabor filters in a CNN and is designed to extract highly discriminative palmprint-specific descriptors and to adapt to heterogeneous databases. We validated the innovative PalmNet on several palmprint databases captured using different touchless acquisition procedures and heterogeneous devices, and in all cases, a recognition accuracy greater than that of the current methods in this paper was obtained.
Contributions to computer arithmetic and applications to embedded systems (2014)

Au cours des dernières décennies les systèmes embarqués ont dû faire face à des demandes applicatives de plus en plus variées et de plus en plus contraintes. Ce constat s'est traduit pour l’arithmétique par le besoin de toujours plus de performances et d'efficacité énergétique. Ce travail se propose d'étudier des solutions allant du matériel au logiciel, ainsi que les diverses interactions qui existent entre ces domaines, pour améliorer le support arithmétique dans les systèmes embarqués. Certains résultats ont été intégrés au processeur MPPA développé par Kalray. La première partie est consacrée au support de l'arithmétique virgule flottante dans le MPPA. Elle commence par la mise au point d'une unité flottante matérielle basée sur l'opérateur classique FMA (fused multiply-Add). Les améliorations proposées, implémentées et évaluées incluent un FMA à précision mixte, l'addition à 3 opérandes et le produit scalaire 2D, à chaque fois avec un seul arrondi et le support des sous-Normaux. Cette partie se poursuit par l'étude de l'implémentation des autres primitives flottantes normalisées : division et racine carrée. L'unité flottante matérielle précédente est réutilisée et modifiée pour optimiser ces primitives à moindre coût. Cette première partie s’ouvre sur le développement d'un générateur de code destiné à l'implémentation de bibliothèques mathématiques optimisées pour différents contextes (architecture, précision, latence, débit). La seconde partie consiste en la présentation d'une nouvelle architecture de coprocesseur reconfigurable. Cet opérateur matériel peut être dynamiquement modifié pour s'adapter à la volée à des besoins applicatifs variés. Il vise à fournir des performances se rapprochant d'une implémentation matérielle dédiée sans renier la flexibilité inhérente au logiciel. Il a été spécifiquement pensé pour être intégré avec un cœur embarqué faible consommation du MPPA. Cette partie s'attache aussi à décrire le développement d'un environnement logiciel pour cibler ce coprocesseur ainsi qu'explorer divers choix architecturaux envisagés. La dernière partie étudie un problème plus large : l'utilisation efficace de ressources arithmétiques parallèles. Elle présente une amélioration des architectures régulières Single Instruction Multiple Data tels qu’on les trouve dans les accélérateurs graphiques (GPU) pour l'exécution de graphes de flot de contrôle divergents.
Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of One‐Dimensional Streptavidin Bundles as a Collagen Mimetic for the Biomineralization of Calcite (2007)

Bundle up: The introduction of streptavidin (as a linker) between two FeII(terpyridine–bis-biotin) connectors affords a one-dimensional metal–organic protein framework (MOPF). In the presence of calcium ions and CO2 vapors, these MOPF aggregates form protein bundles that template the biomineralization of calcite. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z701080_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The “instantaneous” deformation of cartilage: Effects of collagen fiber orientation and osmotic stress (1986)

The present study was undertaken with two objectives in view. The first was to distinguish between the "instantaneous" deformation and creep of articular cartilage when subjected to a step loading in unconfined compression. This was done by observing changes in the specimen's diameter rather than its thickness. The second objective was to investigate experimentally the anisotropic behaviour of cartilage in a compressive loading mode, corresponding to the physiological situation. An apparatus was thus developed and constructed which enabled us to follow the "instantaneous" changes of the surface area of the sample as the latter was being loaded in unconfined compression. Specimens of human articular cartilage from normal femoral heads and condyles were tested. Full thickness specimens were tested with and without the underlying bone, as well as partial thickness specimens, characterizing the different zones of cartilage. Solutions of different ionic strength were used to vary the osmotic stress and specimens covering a considerable range of proteoglycan concentrations were selected. The effects of hydration and proteoglycan removal on the "instantaneous" deformation were also studied. The "instantaneous" deformation was found to be of a strongly anisotropic nature in all zones. The deformation was always smaller along the Indian-ink prick pattern than at 90 degrees to it, and this effect was most pronounced in the superficial zone of cartilage. The results reveal an analogy with the tensile properties of cartilage and indicate that the collagen network is mainly responsible for controlling the "instantaneous" deformation. The proteoglycans play an indirect role by modulating the stiffness of the collagen network through their osmotic pressure.
Thermodynamic behavior of reactive azeotropes (1997)

Abstract During process design of reactive distillation systems, there is often uncertainty in the value of the reaction equilibrium constant (K eq ), whether it is determined experimentally or calculated from thermochemical data. The effect of the reaction equilibrium constant on the existence and location of reactive azeotropes (constant boiling reactive mixtures) is explored for chemical equilibrium systems with a single chemical reaction. With a known set of starting points, arc‐length continuation was used to track solutions of the equations for reactive azeotropy as a function of the reaction equilibrium constant. The results, portrayed in bifurcation diagrams, reveal that azeotropes may appear or disappear as the equilibrium constant is varied. Results for the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol indicate three distinct regions of phase behavior. The first regime (K eq < 0.449) contains a quaternary saddle reactive azeotrope. At intermediate values of the reaction equilibrium constant (0.449 < K eq <12.5), there are no reactive azeotropes in the system. In the third regime (K eq < 12.5), a minimum‐boiling quaternary reactive azeotrope appears. In addition, for three reported literature values of the reaction equilibrium constant, each one lies in a different regime. Other examples also illustrate the broad taxonomy of reactive azeotropic systems.
Carrier recovery time in semiconductor optical amplifiers that employ holding beams (2002)

An analytical expression for the carrier recovery time in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) that employ holding beams is presented. The amplifier model from which the expression is derived assumes a uniform carrier density along the SOA's length and that the signal and the holding beams both receive amplification. Simulations and experiments show that the expression predicts the recovery time well over a wide range of amplifier gains, holding beam powers, and configurations.
<title>High-bandwidth frequency-domain photon migration instrument for clinical use</title> (1995)

We have developed a high-bandwidth frequency-domain photon migration (FDPM) instrument which capable of noninvasively determining the optical properties of biological tissues in near- real-time. This portable, inexpensive, diode-based instrument is unique in the sense that we employ direct diode laser modulation avalanche photodiode detection. Diffusion models were used to extract the optical properties (absorption and transport scattering coefficients) of tissue-simulating solution from the 300 kHz to 1 GHz photon density wave data.
Effect of seed-pretreatment with some plant growth regulators on germination, growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna sinensis Endl.). (1989)

Pretreatment of seeds of cowpea (Vigna sinensis Endl.) with indole-3-acetic acid and indole butyric acid had beneficial effects on their germination, dry matter production, flowering and yield. Treatment with Gibberellic acid resulted in increased rate of germination and plant height while the plants raised from seeds treated with distilled water were the same as the untreated plants (control) in terms of the measured parameters. Maleic hydrazide, on the other hand, had inhibitory effects on the rate of germination, dry matter production, flowering and yield. Neither indole-3-acetic acid nor gibberellic acid nullified the inhibitory effects of maleic hydrazide.
Sensitivity Developments for RBDO With Dependent Input Variable and Varying Input Standard Deviation (2017)

In reliability-based design optimization (RBDO), dependent input random variables and varying standard deviation (STD) should be considered to correctly describe input distribution model. The input dependency and varying STD significantly affect sensitivity for the most probable target point (MPTP) search and design sensitivity of probabilistic constraint in sensitivity-based RBDO. Hence, accurate sensitivities are necessary for efficient and effective process of MPTP search and RBDO. In this paper, it is assumed that dependency of input random variable is limited to the bivariate statistical correlation, and the correlation is considered using bivariate copulas. In addition, the varying STD is considered as a function of input mean value. The transformation between physical X-space and independent standard normal U-space for correlated input variable is presented using bivariate copula and marginal probability distribution. Using the transformation and the varying STD function, the sensitivity for the MPTP search and design sensitivity of probabilistic constraint are derived analytically. Using a mathematical example, the accuracy and efficiency of the developed sensitivities are verified. The RBDO result for the mathematical example indicates that the developed methods provide accurate sensitivities in the optimization process. In addition, a 14D engineering example is tested to verify the practicality and scalability of the developed sensitivity methods.
Lithium Insertion into Titanium Phosphates, Silicates, and Sulfates (2002)

TiIV phosphates, sulfates, and silicates were investigated as positive electrodes in lithium batteries. We present the lithium insertion into TiSO5, LiTiPO5, Li2TiSiO5, TiP2O7, and ATi2(PO4)3 (A = Li, Na). The SO42-, PO43-, and SiO44- groups alter significantly the operating voltage due to the inductive effect on the Ti4+/Ti3+ redox couple lying around 2.5 V vs Li+/Li, i.e., ∼1 V higher than for “simple” titanium oxides such as spinel Li4Ti5O12 or LiTiCrO4. Galvanostatic (GITT) and potentiostatic (PITT) intermittent titration techniques coupled with in situ X-ray diffraction were used to understand the lithium insertion mechanisms into these materials. Chemical lithiation was also performed on TiP2O7 and ATi2(PO4)3 (A = Li, Na) to isolate new TiIII-based compositions.
Some Observations on Bailey v. Baker (1952)

One of the most controversial decisions handed down by the West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals in recent, years is its decision in Bailey v. Baker. 1 It has evoked considerable informal discussion and comment by members of the bar whose practice includes certification of land titles, and is of interest to others for considerations both practical and academic.While lawyers specializing in title certification are, for the most part, unequivocally in disagreement with the holding of the court, it is observed that there are many other lawyers who are equally firm in their support thereof.The court itself was sharply and inexorably divided.Two dissenting opinions were filed, 2 the most vigorous of which was upon rehearing by a member of the court who had, upon the original hearing, voted with the majority, and who, in his dissent, referred to the majority opinion on rehearing as "unsound and wholly untenable." 3 On rehearing, a strong brief, exhaustive of the authorities, was filed in support of the minority view by the Charleston Bar Association and various attorneys as amici curiae.In order, therefore, to appraise intelligently the decision, under these circumstances, it is necessary that both views be carefully considered.Positions so unalterably opposed cannot be reconciled, but they can be understood.If the majority opinion is sound, it can be fortified through understanding of the minority opinion.If it is "unsound" and "untenable", an understanding of the infirmities that make it so will speed the day when it may be overruled or neutralized by appropriate legislation.The suit grows out of a tax sale to plaintiff Bailey in December, 1942 of certain property declared delinquent in 1941, which property was formerly owned by one Caufield.Caufield had pur-
Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Respiratory Distress in Preterm Neonates: Effect of Participation in a Controlled Trial (1992)

The ability to generalize the results of a clinical trial depends on the ability to compare a population of patients with the population described in the trial, emphasizing the importance of objective diagnostic criteria in study design and clinical medicine. However, clinical decisions are often based on subjective interpretations of data. There is concern that bias that an experimental therapy is beneficial might lead to alterations in clinical diagnosis and management. To evaluate this concern, the authors reviewed a preexisting database comprising information obtained by trained personnel by chart review to investigate prospectively the frequency of the diagnosis of hyaline membrane disease and the use of mechanical ventilation before and during participation in a clinical trial of surfactant therapy during which such therapy was available exclusively through clinical trials. Major eligibility criteria for a randomized trial at the Medical University of South Carolina included mechanical ventilation and the diagnosis of hyaline membrane disease. Both the diagnosis of hyaline membrane disease and the use of mechanical ventilation increased between pre-surfactant and randomized trial periods (hyaline: 47.2% to 55.9%, P less than .05; ventilation: 55.6% to 66.3%, P less than .01). The possibility that enthusiasm for surfactant influenced clinical diagnosis and management of respiratory distress during this period cannot be dismissed.
Computing and rendering point set surfaces (2003)

We advocate the use of point sets to represent shapes. We provide a definition of a smooth manifold surface from a set of points close to the original surface. The definition is based on local maps from differential geometry, which are approximated by the method of moving least squares (MLS). The computation of points on the surface is local, which results in an out-of-core technique that can handle any point set. We show that the approximation error is bounded and present tools to increase or decrease the density of the points, thus allowing an adjustment of the spacing among the points to control the error. To display the point set surface, we introduce a novel point rendering technique. The idea is to evaluate the local maps according to the image resolution. This results in high quality shading effects and smooth silhouettes at interactive frame rates.