gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Binding of Tritiated Aldosterone in the Rat Liver Cytosol<sup>1</sup> (1974)

Physiological target tissues for various steroids generally show a much higher concentration of the appropriate cytoplasmic receptor than do non target tissues. Previously the specific binding of aldosterone has been demonstrated in a. number of tissues—including liver—which are not customarily considered mineralocorticoid target tissues. In the present paper the binding of tritiated aldosterone in liver cytosol from adrenalectomized rats is shown to be exclusively to sites having the affinity characteristics of glucocorticoid receptors. (Endocrinology94: 575, 1974)
Immunolocalization of steroid hormone receptors in normal and tumour cells: mechanisms of their cellular traffic. (1992)

Experimental conditions are described for the detection of steroid receptors in tissue sections or cells at the light microscope level. Current knowledge about the ultrastructural distribution of these receptors is summarized; the mechanisms of their nuclear localization are described. Karyophilic signals involved in nuclear translocation are characterized by means of in vitro mutagenesis of steroid receptor cDNAs. Studies analysing the subcellular distribution of various transfected receptor mutants in energy depleted cells together with fusion experiments provide evidence for nucleoplasmic shuttling of progesterone receptors. We conclude that the "nuclear" location of the wild type progesterone receptor reflects a dynamic equilibrium between active nuclear import and outward diffusion. We also describe the use of immunocytochemistry in pathology, especially for the detection of steroid receptors in hormone dependent tumours.
A compact triple-band low-jitter digital LC PLL with programmable coil in 130-nm CMOS (2005)

We present a low-jitter digital LC phase-locked loop (PLL) in a standard digital 130-nm CMOS technology, aiming at, but not limited to, clock multiplication in high-speed digital serial interface transceivers. The PLL features a fully digital core and a digitally controlled LC oscillator. The use of an integrated programmable coil enables triple-band operation in multi-GHz range (2.2, 3.4, and 4.6 GHz) on a die area as small as 0.21 mm/sup 2/. A new architecture is proposed which improves the authors' previous work and allows to achieve an outstanding long-term jitter lower than 650 fs over the whole frequency range. The PLL consumes 13 mA of current at 1.5-V supply. Its performances compete favorably with the most advanced analog PLLs and are ahead of digital PLLs. Its digital nature makes it easily realizable in the mainstream digital CMOS technologies, robust against noise, and thus ideal for application as a low-jitter clock multiplying unit in digital intensive systems on chip.
Concrete admixtures handbook : properties, science, and technology (1995)

Peer reviewed: No
Chiral Polysiloxane‐Fixed Metal 1,3‐Diketonates (Chirasil‐Metals) as Catalytic Lewis Acids for a Hetero Diels‐Alder Reaction ‐Inversion of Enantioselectivity Upon Catalyst ‐Polymer Binding (1997)

Abstract A dimethylpolysiloxane chain is covalently bound to the monomeric Lewis acid catalyst (1R)‐(+)‐oxovanadium(1V) bis[3‐ heptafluorobutanoylcamphorate] [(+)‐ 5a ] at the C‐10 position of the camphor moiety yielding the novel chiral polymeric (1S)‐( +)‐oxovanadium(1V) bis[3‐heptafluorobutanoylcamphorate] ‐dimethylpolysiloxane [( +)‐ 6a ] [1] . The Lewis acid promoted hetero Diels‐Alder reaction of trans‐l‐methoxy‐3‐(trimethylsilyloxy)‐ 1,3‐butadiene ( 1 ) and benzaldehyde ( 2 ) is studied in the presence of the enantiomerically pure monomeric ( 5a , 5b ) and polymeric ( 6a, 6b ) catalysts. The monomeric and polymeric catalysts of identical chirality [1] invoke opposite enantioselectivities toward the formation of 2‐phenyl‐ 2,3‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrone ( 4 ). This remarkable result is corroborated by numerous control experiments. Thus, it is demonstrated that the environment of the active site of the catalyst is changed when the complex is fixed to a polymeric chain. In contrast to 5 and 6 , the monomeric 12 and polymeric 13 europium(III) tris[3‐heptafluorobutanoylcamphorates] of identical chirality invoke the same enantioselectivity toward the formation of 4 . The concept of polymer attachment is utilized to recover the catalyst from the reaction mixture by precipitation and to recycle it for subsequent catalytic runs.
Surgical correction of severe adult lumbar scoliosis (major curves ≥ 75°): retrospective analysis with minimum 2-year follow-up (2019)

In this single-center surgical series for severe adult scoliosis (major curves ≥ 75°), a posterior-only or multistage anterior-posterior approach provided major curve correction of 66% and significant improvements in global coronal and sagittal spinopelvic alignment. Significant improvements were also demonstrated in HRQL measures (SRS pain, SRS appearance, and SF-12/SF-36 PCS). Complications and revisions were comparable to those of other reports involving less severe scoliosis. The results of this study warrant future prospective multicenter studies to further delineate outcomes and complication risks for severe adult scoliosis correction.
Microcircuit Analysis Techniques using Field Effect Liquid Crystals (1978)

New analysis methods are described which use the nondestructive field effect liquid crystal display (LCD) technique to produce a static optical display of circuit node logic levels associated with selectable digital states of an operating integrated circuit (IC). One method employs special control of the device under test (DUT) and another uses a synchronous, externally applied electric field to produce either a two state comparison display or a single state display. The DUT is operated in a repeating test cycle consisting of a sequence of states for both techniques. Application details are discussed and typical analysis results are presented for a variety of circuit functions and LSI chip technologies.
Efficient Stille Cross-Coupling Reaction Using Aryl Chlorides or Bromides in Water (2003)

An efficient Stille cross-coupling reaction using a variety of aryl halides in neat water has been developed. Employing palladium-phosphinous acid catalyst [(t-Bu)(2)P(OH)](2)PdCl(2) allows formation of biaryls from aryl chlorides and bromides in good to high yields. Functional groups such as ketones and nitriles are tolerated, and organic cosolvents are not required. The air stability and solubility in water of the palladium complexes used in this study facilitate operation of the coupling reaction and product isolation. The feasibility of catalyst recycling has also been demonstrated.
Development of a unified design, test, and research platform for wind energy systems based on hardware-in-the-loop real time simulation (2004)

Traditionally, off-line modeling and simulation has been the tool of choice for improving wind energy system control strategies their utility system integration. This paper exploits how a newly established real-time hardware-in-loop (HIL) test facility, designed for testing all-electric ship propulsion systems, can be utilized for wind energy research. The test site uses two 2.5 MW/220 rpm dynamometers and a 5 MW variable voltage and frequency converter to emulate a realistic dynamic environment, both mechanically and electrically. The facility is controlled by a digital real-time electric power system simulator (RTDS), capable of simulating electrical networks and control systems of substantial complexity, typically with 50 microseconds time step. Substantial I/O allows the feedback of measured quantities into the simulation. A 15 kW mock-up motor-generator set is used to demonstrate some critical aspects of the concept. From dynamic test results presented it is concluded that the proposed system shows great potential for development of a one-of-a-kind wind energy research platform.
Accurate real-time multi-camera stereo-matching on the GPU for 3D reconstruction (2011)

Using multi-camera matching techniques for 3d reconstruction there is usually the trade-off between the quality of the computed depth map and the speed of the computations. Whereas high quality matching methods take several seconds to several minutes to compute a depth map for one set of images, real-time methods achieve only low quality results. In this paper we present a multi-camera matching method that runs in real-time and yields high resolution depth maps. Our method is based on a novel multi-level combination of normalized cross correlation, deformed matching windows based on the multi-level depth map information, and sub-pixel precise disparity maps. The whole process is implemented completely on the GPU. With this approach we can process four 0.7 megapixel images in 129 milliseconds to a full resolution 3d depth map. Our technique is tailored for the recognition of non-technical shapes, because our target application is face recognition.
Use of Pyridine as Cocatalyst for the Synthesis of 2-Carboxy Substituted Diphenylethers by Ullmann-Goldberg Condensation (1995)

Abstract The synthesis of 2-carboxy-diphenylethers from o-chloro-benzoic acid and phenols is reported using water as solvent and copper, cuprous iodide and pyridine as catalysts.
β-Ketoacyl-[Acyl Carrier Protein] Synthase I of <i>Escherichia coli</i>:  Aspects of the Condensation Mechanism Revealed by Analyses of Mutations in the Active Site Pocket (2001)

beta-Ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein (ACP)] synthase forms new carbon-carbon bonds in three steps: transfer of an acyl primer from ACP to the enzyme, decarboxylation of the elongating substrate and its condensation with the acyl primer substrate. Six residues of Escherichia coli beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase I (KAS I) implicated in these reactions were subjected to site-directed mutagenesis. Analyses of the abilities of C163A, C163S, H298A, D306A, E309A, K328A, and H333A to carry out the three reactions lead to the following conclusions. The active site Cys-163 is not required for decarboxylation, whereas His-298 and His-333 are indispensable. Neither of the histidines is essential for increasing the nucleophilicity of Cys-163 to enable transfer of the acyl primer substrate. Maintenance of the structural integrity of the active site by Asp-306 and Glu-309 is required for decarboxylation but not for transfer. One function of Lys-328 occurs very early in catalysis, potentially before transfer. These results in conjunction with structural analyses of substrate complexes have led to a model for KAS I catalysis [Olsen, J. G., Kadziola, A., von Wettstein-Knowles, P., Siggaard-Andersen, M., and Larsen, S. (2001) Structure 9, 233-243]. Another facet of catalysis revealed by the mutant analyses is that the acyl primer transfer activity of beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase I is inhibited by free ACP at physiological concentrations. Differences in the inhibitory response by individual mutant proteins indicate that interaction of free ACP with Cys-163, Asp-306, Glu-309, Lys-328, and His-333 might form a sensitive regulatory mechanism for the transfer of acyl primers.
Use of gene expression profiling to identify a novel glucocorticoid sensitivity determining gene, BMPRII (2006)

Wide variation in glucocorticoid (Gc) sensitivity exists between individuals which may influence susceptibility to, and treatment response of, inflammatory diseases. To determine a genetic fingerprint of Gc sensitivity 100 healthy human volunteers were polarized into the 10% most Gc-sensitive and 10% most Gc-resistant following a low dose dexamethasone (0.25 mg) suppression test. Gene expression profiling of primary lymphocytes identified the 98 most significantly Gc regulated genes. These genes were used to build a subnetwork of Gc signaling, with 54 genes mapping as nodes, and 6 non-Gc regulated genes inferred as signaling nodes. Twenty four of the 98 genes showed a difference in Gc response in vitro dependent on the Gc sensitivity of their donor individuals in vivo. A predictive model was built using both partial least squares discriminate analysis and support vector machines that predicted donor glucocorticoid sensitivity with 87% accuracy. Discriminating genes included bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type II (BMPRII). Transfection studies showed that BMPRII modulated Gc action. These studies reveal a broad base of gene expression that predicts Gc sensitivity and determine a Gc signaling network in human primary T lymphocytes. Furthermore, this combined gene profiling, and functional analysis approach has identified BMPRII as a modulator of Gc signaling.
The major secreted product of the whipworm,<i>Trichuris</i>, is a pore-forming protein (1994)

The data presented here describe the first unequivocable characterization of a pore-forming protein in any helminth parasite. The excretory/secretory (E/S) material of the human whipworm T. trichiura contains a highly abundant protein of molecular mass 47 kDa (TT47); the murine model parasite, T. muris, contains a similarly abundant protein of molecular mass 43 kDa (TM43). When purified to homogeneity, these proteins induce ion-conducting pores in lipid bilayers. Antibodies raised against TM43 abolish channel activity. Pore formation in epithelial cell membranes may facilitate invasion of the host gut by Trichuris and enable the parasite to maintain its syncytial environment in the caecal epithelium. The observation that this activity may be inhibited by antibody opens a possible avenue for drug and vaccine development.
High temperature conductivity studies on nanoscale yttria-doped zirconia thin films and size effects (2006)

Thin films of 9.5% yttria-doped zirconia in the range of 17–210nm thickness were deposited on MgO (100) substrates by electron beam evaporation. The conductivity of the films was found to increase as the film thickness decreased. The films were found to be a mixture of both cubic and tetragonal phases. The impedance and electrical modulus parameters indicate that the relaxation process is due to ionic conduction. Enhancements in conductivity are attributed to the space charge effects that occur at the interface and grain boundaries as evidenced by the high activation energy observed in the conductivity relaxation process.
Measurement of impact acceleration: mouthpiece accelerometer versus helmet accelerometer. (2007)

Upon impact, MP acceleration (g) and SI measurements were closely related to and more accurate in measuring HFCOG g and SI than helmet measurements. The MP accelerometer is a valid method for measuring head acceleration.
Antiferromagnetically coupled hard/Ru/soft layers and their applications in spin valves (2002)

Antiferromagnetically coupled hard/Ru/soft triple layers have been fabricated using ultrahigh vacuum sputtering. A series of experiments has been carried out to study the dependence of the exchange-coupling field on the thickness of the soft layer which is either CoFe or NiFe, while the hard layer is CoCrPt. It was found that this type of synthetic structure exhibits a significantly higher exchange coupling field as compared to the conventional antiferromagnet/ferromagnet exchange coupled structures. The use of these synthetic structures as the pinned and pinning layers has resulted in spin valves with a magnetoresistance ratio in the range of 5%–7% and a thermal stability that is better than those of IrMn-based and comparable to those of PtMn-based spin valves.
A general method for detecting rearrangements in a bacterial genome. (1989)

An effective method was developed to monitor genome rearrangement in bacteria. The whole procedure consists of five steps. (i) Genomic DNAs of reference cells and test cells are digested with the same restriction enzyme. (ii) The DNA restriction fragments from the test cells are radioactively labeled. (iii) The labeled DNA fragments of test cells are mixed with unlabeled DNA fragments from reference cells that are 100- to 1000-fold in excess and the mixture is electrophoresed in an agarose gel. (iv) After electrophoresis, DNA fragments are alkali-denatured; this is followed by renaturation in situ in the gel. The labeled rearranged DNA fragments from the test cells will renature much slower, as compared with the nonrearranged fragments, since in this location of the gel these rearranged fragments do not have a counterpart in the driver DNA, which is in excess. (v) The DNA gel is electrophoresed in a second dimension perpendicular to the first dimension after renaturation. The denatured rearranged DNAs are revealed after autoradiography, since single-stranded DNA fragments have higher electrophoretic mobility than double-stranded fragments of the same sizes. This process of detection has been demonstrated in this report by using Escherichia coli HB101 as the reference strain and E. coli HB101 carrying lambda phage DNA (1:1 genomic ratio) as the test strain.
Replication of plasmid-derived human papillomavirus type 11 DNA in cultured keratinocytes (1992)

Plasmid-derived human papillomavirus type 11 (HPV11) DNA has been shown to replicate episomally and semiconservatively following transfection of primary human foreskin keratinocytes. HPV11 DNA was excised from the bacterial plasmid, religated to form circular molecules, and cotransfected along with pSV2Neo. Transfectants were selected and shown to contain replicated episomal HPV DNA. Once selected, HPV11 DNA persists in cells through at least two additional passages.
Privacy Preserving Deep Neural Network Prediction using Trusted Hardware (2018)

In recent years machine learning has gained a lot of attention not only in the scientific community but also in user-facing applications. Today, many applications utilise machine learning to take advantage of its capabilities. With such applications, users actively or passively input data that is used by state-of-the-art algorithms to generate accurate predictions. Due to the extensive work necessary to fine-tune these algorithms for a specific task, they are predominantly executed in the cloud where they can be protected from competitors or malicious users. As a result, users' privacy might be at risk as their data is sent to and processed by remote cloud services. Depending on the application, users might expose highly sensitive data, meaning a malicious provider could harvest extensive amounts of personal data from its users. In order to protect user privacy without compromising the confidentiality guarantees of traditional solutions, we propose using trusted hardware for privacy preserving deep neural network predictions. Our solution consists of a hardware-backed prediction service and a client device that connects to said service. All machine learning computations executed by the prediction service that depend on input data are protected by a trusted hardware component, called a Trusted Execution Environment. This can be verified by users via remote attestation to ensure their data remains protected. In addition, we have built a proof-of-concept implementation of our solution using Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX). Compared to existing solutions relying on homomorphic encryption, our proof-of-concept implementation vastly increases the set of supported machine learning algorithms. Moreover, our implementation is tightly integrated into the existing pipeline of machine learning tools by supporting the Open Neural Network Exchange (ONNX) Format. Furthermore, we focus on minimising our Trusted Computing Base (TCB), thus our proof-of-concept implementation only consists of 4,500 lines of code. Additionally, we achieve a 7x increase in throughput whilst decreasing the latency 40x compared to prior work. In our tests, SGX reduced throughput by 11% and increased latency by 21% compared to our baseline implementation without SGX.
Predictor-Based Neural Dynamic Surface Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems in Strict-Feedback Form (2017)

This paper presents a predictor-based neural dynamic surface control (PNDSC) design method for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in a strict-feedback form. In contrast to existing NDSC approaches where the tracking errors are commonly used to update neural network weights, a predictor is proposed for every subsystem, and the prediction errors are employed to update the neural adaptation laws. The proposed scheme enables smooth and fast identification of system dynamics without incurring high-frequency oscillations, which are unavoidable using classical NDSC methods. Furthermore, the result is extended to the PNDSC with observer feedback, and its robustness against measurement noise is analyzed. Numerical and experimental results are given to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed PNDSC architecture.
Allocation of Tolerances to Minimize Cost of Assembly (1973)

When there are variations in the costs of producing the dimensions directly involved in an assembly, the paper shows how to allocate the tolerances to give the assembly of minimum cost.
Analysis and design of an active power filter for balancing unbalanced loads (1993)

An active power filter is proposed for balancing unbalanced loads. A three-phase, PWM (pulse-width-modulated) AC-to-DC converter topology with inductive energy storage is controlled to continuously inject desired negative sequence currents into the distribution system to achieve balancing of continuously varying unbalanced loads. The principle of operation is as follows: the negative sequence components of the load currents are measured in magnitude and in phase and the PWM-controlled active power filter is controlled to inject currents opposite to these quantities, thereby achieving the balancing function. The operation of the proposed system and the selection of the active power filter components are discussed in detail. Experimental filter operation is verified for an unbalanced load.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Europium silicate thin films on Si substrates fabricated by a radio frequency sputtering method (2000)

Europium silicate thin films have been fabricated on Si(100) substrates by a radio frequency magnetron sputtering method and characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The constituents of the films, mixtures of europium silicates, silicon and europium oxides, are sensitive to the stoichimetry of sputter targets, working gases and thermal annealing conditions. Electroluminescent devices based on the europium silicate thin films exhibit large-area uniform broad-band electroluminescence with an external quantum efficiency of about 0.1% at room temperature and a low operating threshold voltage (about 6 V).
Germin Gene Expression Is Induced in Wheat Leaves by Powdery Mildew Infection (1996)

Germin gene expression is induced in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves by powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) infection. Germin is a protein marker for early cereal development and is an oxalate oxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of oxalate to CO2 and H2O2. The induction of germin gene expression by powdery mildew infection is consistent with the importance of H2O2 to plant defense and identifies a mechanism for the elevation of H2O2 levels in wheat leaves. Germin mRNA levels increased 2 d after inoculation of seedlings with powdery mildew and continued to increase throughout an 8-d time course. The increase in accumulation of germin mRNA was accompanied by an increase in the germin oligomer, which reached maximal levels by d 6. An increase in oxalate oxidase activity paralleled germin oligomer accumulation. Germin gene expression was induced in a relatively resistant cultivar (Bobwhite) as well as in a susceptible cultivar (Cheyenne), suggesting that the induction of germin gene expression is an indicator of powdery mildew infection rather than cultivar resistance.