gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recurrence of hodgkin's disease after indium‐111 and yttrium‐90 labeled antiferritin administration (1997)

BACKGROUND Indium-111 labeled antiferritin targets 95% of all Hodgkin's disease lesions with a diameter of 1 cm or more. Subsequent treatment with yttrium-90 labeled antiferritin secures a high response rate in patients with recurrent Hodgkin's disease. METHODS A total of 87 patients were entered on one of three different yttrium-90 labeled antiferritin protocols. Recurrences after yttrium-90 treatment were analyzed. Nine patients were retreated with involved external beam radiation fields, selected with the help of indium-111 labeled antiferritin. RESULTS In single-agent yttrium-90 antiferritin studies, a response rate of more than 60% was found, with an average response duration of 6 months. One-third of the patients had recurrences in previously uninvolved areas. Repeat indium antiferritin scintigraphy allowed for the selection of new radiation fields for recurrences. In-field disease control was obtained for a median of 8 months, but new recurrences in new areas occurred. Chemotherapy or radiation therapy given immediately before antiferritin decreased tumor targeting with indium-111 labeled antiferritin. CONCLUSIONS Recurrences after radiolabeled antiferritin treatment are not due to radioresistant Hodgkin's disease. In contrast, Hodgkin's disease less than 1 cm in diameter is not targeted and not controlled by radiolabeled antiferritin. New multimodality regimens with a higher therapeutic ratio are needed for treatment of Hodgkin's disease with curative intent. Radiolabeled antiferritin can be incorporated in such regimens to secure better control of bulky Hodgkin's disease (>1 cm in diameter), but it should be given before chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Cancer 1997; 80:2721-7. © 1997 American Cancer Society.
New III-V double-heterojunction laser emitting near 3.2μm (1988)

Double heterostructure lasers based on the InAsSbP/InAsSb system have been prepared by liquid phase epitaxy. They operate at 78 K near 3.2 μm, with a threshold current density of 4.5 kA/cm2 in pulsed conditions. The characteristic temperature T0 is 30 K.
La crisis argentina: origen, evolución y lecciones (2002)

The structural character of the difficulties in Argentina is the result of a set of political and economic decisions with an external component and some internal particularities. Through a brief historical journey it is shown that the high development level generated in the past was braked during the last 50years by the peronismo and that it has been the economy of integrated South America early andin way but strong to the world economy making it vulnerable and it led her to recycle all the international crises. The recent events and the macroeconomic panorama are described that have driven to the crisis.
Identity and bioactivity of oviposition deterrents in pine oil for the onion maggot, <i>Delia antiqua</i> (1996)

Abstract The oviposition deterrent properties of pine oil (Norpine 65, Northwest Petrochemicals, Anacortes, Washington) for the onion maggot, Delia antiqua (Meigen), were verified using a two‐choice bioassay with onion oil as an attractive control. The principal deterrent property of this pine oil was found to reside in three monoterpenes, 3‐carene, limonene, and p ‐cymene, which were the primary constituents identified in the most deterrent of two fractions made by preparative gas chromatography of steam‐distilled pine oil. At release rates of 220, 320 and 320 μg per 24 h in two‐choice bioassays these monoterpenes respectively caused 73.2, 65.4 and 56.3% deterrency of oviposition, while the ternary mixture released at 320 μg per 24 h caused 88.6% deterrency. The ternary mixture also caused 62.5% deterrency in a no‐choice bioassay. Of eight other monoterpenes tested, myrcene, α‐phellandrene, α‐terpinene, β‐phellandrene, γ‐terpinene, terpinolene, and β‐pinene were significantly deterrent in declining order, while α‐pinene was inactive. The ternary mixture was released from glass capillary tubes or flexible plastic cylinders in further bioassays that challenged caged females to oviposit around the base of 35 potted onion seedlings with release devices placed on the soil surface. The most effective deterrency (85.3%) was achieved at a release rate of 280 μg per 24 h per pot if plastic cylinder devices were deployed 24 h before the treated pot was exposed to D. antiqua females. If female D. antiqua were given only a treated pot, deterrency of oviposition on potted onion seedlings was significant, but low (11.7–63.2%). Because of incomplete efficacy, a monoterpene‐based deterrent formulation would be best used operationally if combined with other deterrents, or if it were integrated with some other tactic.
Baffle fenestration with subsequent transcatheter closure. Modification of the Fontan operation for patients at increased risk. (1990)

Ventricular dysfunction, elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, and residual distal pulmonary artery distortion contribute to early mortality after a Fontan operation; they may be transient or reversible. A baffle fenestration, allowing right-to-left shunting, maintains cardiac output and limits right atrial pressure. A baffle fenestration was surgically created at the time of a modified Fontan repair in 20 consecutive patients. Risk factors included pulmonary artery pressure of 18 mm Hg or more, end-diastolic pressure of 12 mm Hg or more, valvar regurgitation, pulmonary artery distortion, pulmonary vascular resistance of 2 Woods' units or more, ventricular outflow obstruction, and complex anatomy. Nineteen of 20 patients survived. After the operation, mean arterial oxygen saturation was 86%, mean right atrial pressure was 15 mm Hg, and mean duration of pleural effusions was 6 days. Twelve of 19 survivors tolerated early test occlusion and had permanent transcatheter umbrella closure. Four patients failed early test occlusion, with a significant decrease in venous O2 saturation and a rise in central venous pressure, due to ventricular dysfunction, pulmonary artery distortion, or aortopulmonary collaterals. Three of four had successful late closure of the fenestration after correction of these abnormalities.
Sigma 2 Receptor/Tmem97 Agonists Produce Long Lasting Antineuropathic Pain Effects in Mice (2017)

Neuropathic pain is an important medical problem with few effective treatments. The sigma 1 receptor (σ1R) is known to be a potential target for neuropathic pain therapeutics, and antagonists for this receptor are effective in preclinical models and are currently in phase II clinical trials. Conversely, relatively little is known about σ2R, which has recently been identified as transmembrane protein 97 (Tmem97). We generated a series of σ1R and σ2R/Tmem97 agonists and antagonists and tested them for efficacy in the mouse spared nerve injury (SNI) model. In agreement with previous reports, we find that σ1R ligands given intrathecally (IT) produce relief of SNI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. We also find that the putative σ2R/Tmem97 agonists DKR-1005, DKR-1051, and UKH-1114 (K<sub>i</sub> ∼ 46 nM) lead to relief of SNI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity, peaking at 48 h after dosing when given IT. This effect is blocked by the putative σ2R/Tmem97 antagonist SAS-0132. Systemic administration of UKH-1114 (10 mg/kg) relieves SNI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity for 48 h with a peak magnitude of effect equivalent to 100 mg/kg gabapentin and without producing any motor impairment. Finally, we find that the TMEM97 gene is expressed in mouse and human dorsal root ganglion (DRG) including populations of neurons that are involved in pain; however, the gene is also likely expressed in non-neuronal cells that may contribute to the observed behavioral effects. Our results show robust antineuropathic pain effects of σ1R and σ2R/Tmem97 ligands, demonstrate that σ2R/Tmem97 is a novel neuropathic pain target, and identify UKH-1114 as a lead molecule for further development.
Content Delivery Networks (2020)

Recently, Content Delivery Networks (CDN) have become more and more popular. The technology itself is ahead of academic research in this area. Several dimensions of the technology have not been adequately investigated by academia. These dimensions include outline management, security, and standardization. Discovering and highlighting aspects of this technology that may have or have not been covered by academic research is the first step toward helping academia bridge the gap with industry or even go one step further to lead industry in the right direction. This suggests a comprehensive survey on research works in this regard. The literature in this area has already come up with some surveys and taxonomies, but some of them are outdated or do not cover every aspect of CDN while others fail to detect existing trends or to develop a holistic roadmap for research on the technology. Furthermore, none of the existing surveys aim at enlightening the dark aspects of the technology that have not been subject to academic research. In this survey, we first extract the lifecycle of a CDN as suggested by the existing research. Then, we investigate previous relevant works on each phase of the lifecycle to clarify where the research is currently located and headed. We show how CDN technology tends to converge with emerging paradigms such as cloud computing, edge computing, and machine learning, which are more mature in terms of academic research. This helps us determine the right direction for further research by revealing the deficiencies in existing works.
Single molecule biology: Coming of age (2007)

Cellular heterogeneity and stochastic fluctuation play key roles in biological processes. Single molecule approaches have the key advantage of avoiding ensemble averaging, allowing the observation of transient intermediates and heterogeneity (both static and dynamic). Thus they have revolutionised the way many biological questions are addressed. The challenge ahead is to develop integrated approaches such as the combination of single molecule imaging with single molecule manipulation to probe the dynamics of gene regulatory and cell signalling networks in living cells.
Towards Universal Paraphrastic Sentence Embeddings (2015)

We consider the problem of learning general-purpose, paraphrastic sentence embeddings based on supervision from the Paraphrase Database (Ganitkevitch et al., 2013). We compare six compositional architectures, evaluating them on annotated textual similarity datasets drawn both from the same distribution as the training data and from a wide range of other domains. We find that the most complex architectures, such as long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks, perform best on the in-domain data. However, in out-of-domain scenarios, simple architectures such as word averaging vastly outperform LSTMs. Our simplest averaging model is even competitive with systems tuned for the particular tasks while also being extremely efficient and easy to use. In order to better understand how these architectures compare, we conduct further experiments on three supervised NLP tasks: sentence similarity, entailment, and sentiment classification. We again find that the word averaging models perform well for sentence similarity and entailment, outperforming LSTMs. However, on sentiment classification, we find that the LSTM performs very strongly-even recording new state-of-the-art performance on the Stanford Sentiment Treebank. We then demonstrate how to combine our pretrained sentence embeddings with these supervised tasks, using them both as a prior and as a black box feature extractor. This leads to performance rivaling the state of the art on the SICK similarity and entailment tasks. We release all of our resources to the research community with the hope that they can serve as the new baseline for further work on universal sentence embeddings.
Development of cryogenic permanent undulators operating around liquid nitrogen temperature (2006)

The cryogenic permanent magnet undulator (CPMU) is an insertion device in which permanent magnets (PMs) are cooled to a cryogenic temperature to improve magnetic performances in terms of remanence and coercivity. Operation of CPMUs is expected to be much easier than that of existing superconductive undulators (SCUs) with low-temperature superconducting coils, since the operating temperature can be much higher than that of liquid helium. In addition to pure PMs, high-permeability pole pieces and/or high-temperature superconductors (HTSCs) can be exploited to enhance the magnetic field of the CPMU. Towards realization of this concept, a number of R&Ds are in progress at SPring-8: field measurement under a cryogenic environment and reinforcement of HTSC samples. Encouraging results have been obtained from preliminary studies.
Syntheses of Cerulenin and Its Analogs. I. Cerulenin and Its Analogs with Modified Side Chain. (1992)

Optically active cerulenin 1, a potent inhibitor of fatty acid synthetase, was prepared via the condensation of the epoxy aldehyde 8 and the alkenyl lithium 16. In order to evaluate the effects of (E, E)-1, 4-double bounds of the cerulenin side chain on the interaction with the enzyme, a series of optically active cerulenin analogs 32a-i with modified side chains and tetrahydrocerulenin 3 were synthesized by similar procedures.
Enhancement of the 7α-Dehydroxylase Activity of a Gram-Positive Intestinal Anaerobe by Flavins (1983)

The addition of flavins to the growth medium specifically enhanced the 7alpha-dehydroxylation of bile acids by anaerobically growing cultures of a Eubacterium lentum-like intestinal anaerobe, strain c-25, without an increase in cell growth. The order of the enhancement of the reaction was flavin adenine dinucleotide > flavin mononucleotide >> riboflavin.
Tetrazolylacetic acids (1969)

The syntheses of several 1-,2- and 5-tetrazolylacetic acids are described. Isomeric tetrazolylacetic esters can be separated by fractional distillation or crystallization. 5-Hydroxytetrazole reacts with ethyl bromoacetate in the presence of triethylamine to give 1,4-dicarbethoxymethyl-5-tetrazolone. The use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the assignment of structural isomers is discussed.
Statistical models for images: compression, restoration and synthesis (2002)

We present a parametric statistical model for visual images in the wavelet transform domain. We characterize the joint densities of coefficient magnitudes at adjacent spatial locations, adjacent orientations, and adjacent spatial scales. The model accounts for the statistics of a wide variety of visual images. As a demonstration of this, we used the model to design a progressive image encoder with state-of-the-art rate-distortion performance. We also show promising examples of image restoration and texture synthesis.
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Is Associated with Specific Proteins in the Cytoplasm and Membranes of Escherichia coli (1996)

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is well-known as a high molecular weight homopolymer of R-3-hydroxybutyrate which accumulates in storage granules within the cytosols of certain bacteria. Escherichia coli does not amass these granules; however, small amounts of low molecular weight PHB (<0.02% of dry weight) have been found in the plasma membranes in complexes with calcium polyphosphate; the complexes serve as voltage-activated calcium channels. Here we report that polyphosphate-complexed PHB is only a minor fraction of the polyester in E. coli. PHB comprises 0.36 to 0. 55% of the dry weight of log-phase cells, depending on culture medium, and this amount increases by 15 to 20% when the cells are made genetically competent. The PHB is widely distributed throughout the cell, wherein it is primarily associated with proteins. The identity of protein-associated PHB was established by antibody reaction, chemical assay, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. As expected, the physical and chemical properties of protein-associated PHB were found to be considerably different from those of the bulk polymer or granule PHB, e.g. protein-PHB complexes are normally insoluble in chloroform, soluble in water and alkaline hypochlorite, and are converted to crotonic acid more slowly on heating in concentrated sulfuric acid. Our studies indicate that the majority of cellular PHB (over 80%) is located in cytoplasmic proteins, especially proteins of the ribosomal fraction. Western immunoblots, probed with polyclonal anti-PHB IgG, revealed a number of PHB-polypeptides having a wide range of molecular weights in all cell fractions. These results suggest that PHB is a fundamental constituent of cells that may have physiological functions in addition to facilitating ion transmembrane transport or serving as a carbon reserve.
Fe-K emission lines in low-luminosity AGNs (2001)

We present the results of a systematic analysis of Fe K emission lines in low-luminosity AGNs (LLAGNs) observed with ASCA. We used a sample of LLAGNs with small intrinsic absorption to compare with luminous AGNs and accretion models. Some objects show an Fe line at 6.4 keV or 6.7 keV, and the rest of the objects show no significant Fe K emission line. We made a composite spectrum of sources without detected Fe emission lines to search for weak lines and obtained an upper limit on the equivalent width (EW) of a narrow line at 6.4 keV of 145 eV, which is marginally consistent with EWs seen in Seyfert 1s. Even in those objects with detected Fe lines, a skewed broad component, typically observed in Seyfert 1s, is not seen. The weakness of the Fe line is consistent with the absence of an optically thick disk in the vicinity of a central black hole. Alternatively, it might be due to the ionization of a standard disk. The lack of big blue bump favors the former. 1.
Chapter D Research (2007)

Contains policies on research and research structures, research ethics, postgraduate research programs, outside work and intellectual property
An extensible fault tolerance testing framework for microservice-based cloud applications (2018)

A growing number of enterprises are beginning to adopt the microservice architecture to build their applications in clouds. The microservice architecture breakdowns the traditional development pattern of monolithic applications. The heterogeneity of the development technologies and the accelerated service component lifecycle provide both opportunity and challenge for building high-availability microservice-based applications. Because failures are inevitable in dynamic and complex cloud environments, it is necessary to test the fault tolerant capability of applications. To this end, we propose an extensible fault tolerance testing framework for microservice-based cloud applications based on the non-intrusive fault injection. Users can customize and execute test cases with the proposed framework to verify the manner and performance of the fault tolerance of the target service. We take a use case to show the fault tolerance testing process of the framework.
Isolated form of care (1992)

The Ashworth Hospital inquiry report is a formidable document in every sense of the word. It is the size of a telephone directory, and it is unlikely that many nurses will find the time - or the inclination - to read it. Most will form their opinions on the events at Ashworth from the extensive media coverage the report has received.
Some further studies of nonlinear oscillations in chemical systems (1973)

That chemical reactions can exhibit all of the interesting and well known behavior of nonlinear oscillators is shown by collecting the scattered results in the literature for a simple reaction mechanism, supplementing them with some new results, and analyzing the behavior of the single chemical oscillator using the method of isoclines. Furthermore, two oscillators coupled in series illustrate the phenomena of synchronization, multiply periodic and almost-periodic oscillations, and subharmonic resonance. Finally the reaction mechanism is modified to a form which is biochemically realistic and still behaves similarly to the original scheme.
Peptide influences the folding and intracellular transport of free major histocompatibility complex class I heavy chains. (1995)

Class I major histocompatibility complex molecules require both beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) and peptide for efficient intracellular transport. With the exception of H-2Db and Ld, class I heavy chains have not been detectable at the surface of cells lacking beta 2m. We show that properly conformed class I heavy chains can be detected in a terminally glycosylated form indicative of cell surface expression in H-2b, H-2d, and H-2s beta 2m-/- concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated splenocytes incubated at reduced temperature. Furthermore, we demonstrate the presence of Kb molecules at the surface of beta 2m-/- cells cultured at 37 degrees C. The mode of assembly of class I molecules encompasses two major pathways: binding of peptide to preformed "empty" heterodimers, and binding of peptide to free heavy chains, followed by recruitment of beta 2m. In support of the existence of the latter pathway, we provide evidence for a role of peptide in intracellular transport of free class I heavy chains, through analysis of Con A-stimulated splenocytes from transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1)-/-, beta 2m-/-, and double-mutant TAP1/beta 2m-/- mice.
Particle motions and segregation in dielectrophoretic microfluidics (2003)

We studied, experimentally and theoretically the motion and segregation of positively polarized particles flowing through dielectrophoretic microfluidics. The batch fabrication technique which we present enables one to construct an apparatus featuring a large number of mechanically robust and chemically inert microdevices having a very low ratio of dielectrophoretic-to-fluid residence time. Several apparatuses of this type can easily be integrated into a higher-level system able to handle flow rates several orders of magnitude larger than those in a single microdevice. Experiments were conducted on microfluidics with electrodes of different sizes arranged parallel and perpendicular to the flow. The simulations of the particle motions and their segregation required no fitting parameters because the suspension properties were measured independently. We demonstrate that the presence of the interparticle dipolar interactions imposes a lower bound on the size of the electrodes below which the miniaturization of microelectrodes adversely affects the ability to position the particles with precision in preselected locations [briefly reported by Markarian et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4839 (2003)]. When the device characteristics meet certain requirements, the theoretical predictions for the variation of the amount of the segregated particles along the channel were found to be quantitatively consistent with experimental data. Combined with the earlier test of the predictions for the particle accumulation with time in millimeter-scale channels [J. Appl. Phys. 88, 5463 (2000); 92, 2829 (2002)], this completes the experimental validation of a theory for the kinetics of dielectrophoretic phenomena in a flowing dilute suspension. The results of our studies provide the basic characteristics of the ac-field-driven particle motions and segregation in a microchannel and validate a simulation procedure needed for the design and operation of dielectrophoretic microfluidics.