gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A cortical potential imaging analysis of the P300 and Novelty P3 components (2001)

The P300 and Novelty P3 are positive components of the event related brain potential (ERP) with a latency of at least 300 ms, which are manifestations of brain activity evoked by deviant events. Spencer et al. [1999, 2001] demonstrated that these are two distinct components, both of which may be elicited, with different amplitudes, by both rare and novel events. However, the locations of the intracranial sources of the components remain unknown. We describe the application of cortical potential imaging (CPI) analysis to the data described by Spencer et al. [1999]. The ERPs were recorded from 15 healthy subjects presented with auditory oddball sequences. Cortical potential maps (CPMs) were reconstructed from the scalp potential maps (SPMs) corresponding to the P300 and Novelty P3 components by deblurring the smoothing effect of the head volume conductor. The reconstructed CPMs, derived from the SPMs by means of the CPI, showed localized areas of activity distributed in both the frontal and parietal lobes; the parietal region was active throughout the period of the late positivities. The reconstructed CPMs associated with novel events showed prominent activity at the frontal lobe (Novelty P3) followed by progressively pronounced parietal lobe activity (P300), and these two components can be well separated by the CPMs. These analyses show how the CPI can be used to relate the scalp electrical recordings to the underlying brain activity.
A Survey of Trust and Reputation Management Systems in Wireless Communications (2010)

Trust is an important concept in human interactions which facilitates the formation and continued existence of functional human societies. In the first decade of the 21st century, computational trust models have been applied to solve many problems in wireless communication systems. This cross-disciplinary research has yielded many innovative solutions. In this paper, we examine the latest methods which have been proposed by researchers to manage trust and reputation in wireless communication systems. Specifically, we survey the state of the art in the application of trust models in the fields of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and cognitive radio networks (CRNs). We classify the mainstream methods into natural categories and illustrate how they complement each other in achieving design goals. Major research directions are also outlined.
Mycosis fungoides with pulmonary involvement. A complete remission (1978)

• Biopsy specimens from a 21-year-old man showed mycosis fungoides involving the skin and lungs. Usually such a case represents a fulminant and fatal course of the disease. This patient had a complete remission of his pulmonary disease following sequential therapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, methotrexate, leucovorin calcium, and cytarabine (COMLA). (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>114:247-249, 1978)
Disruption of NMDAR-dependent burst firing by dopamine neurons provides selective assessment of phasic dopamine-dependent behavior (2009)

Midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons fire in 2 characteristic modes, tonic and phasic, which are thought to modulate distinct aspects of behavior. However, the inability to selectively disrupt these patterns of activity has hampered the precise definition of the function of these modes of signaling. Here, we addressed the role of phasic DA in learning and other DA-dependent behaviors by attenuating DA neuron burst firing and subsequent DA release, without altering tonic neural activity. Disruption of phasic DA was achieved by selective genetic inactivation of NMDA-type, ionotropic glutamate receptors in DA neurons. Disruption of phasic DA neuron activity impaired the acquisition of numerous conditioned behavioral responses, and dramatically attenuated learning about cues that predicted rewarding and aversive events while leaving many other DA-dependent behaviors unaffected.
Novel Molecule Exhibiting Selective Affinity for GABAA Receptor Subtypes (2017)

Aminoquinoline derivatives were evaluated against a panel of receptors/channels/transporters in radioligand binding experiments. One of these derivatives (DCUK-OEt) displayed micromolar affinity for brain γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA<sub>A</sub>) receptors. DCUK-OEt was shown to be a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of GABA currents with α1β2γ2, α1β3γ2, α5β3γ2 and α1β3δ GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors, while having no significant PAM effect on αβ receptors or α1β1γ2, α1β2γ1, α4β3γ2 or α4β3δ receptors. DCUK-OEt modulation of α1β2γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors was not blocked by flumazenil. The subunit requirements for DCUK-OEt actions distinguished DCUK-OEt from other currently known modulators of GABA function (e.g., anesthetics, neurosteroids or ethanol). Simulated docking of DCUK-OEt at the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor suggested that its binding site may be at the α + β- subunit interface. In slices of the central amygdala, DCUK-OEt acted primarily on extrasynaptic GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors containing the α1 subunit and generated increases in extrasynaptic "tonic" current with no significant effect on phasic responses to GABA. DCUK-OEt is a novel chemical structure acting as a PAM at particular GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors. Given that neurons in the central amygdala responding to DCUK-OEt were recently identified as relevant for alcohol dependence, DCUK-OEt should be further evaluated for the treatment of alcoholism.
Depth map generation for 2D-to-3D conversion by limited user inputs and depth propagation (2011)

The quality of depth maps is crucial for 2D to 3D conversion, but high quality depth map generation methods are usually very time consuming. We propose an efficient semi-automatic depth map generation scheme based on limited user inputs and depth propagation. First, the original image is over-segmented. Then, the depth values of selected pixels and the approximate locations of T-junctions are specified by user inputs. The final depth map is obtained by depth propagation combining user inputs, color and edge information. The experimental results demonstrate that our scheme is satisfactory in terms of both accuracy and efficiency, and thus can be applied for high quality 2D to 3D video conversion.
The Quartus University Interface Program: enabling advanced FPGA research (2005)

FPGA researchers constantly face the challenge of determining whether their innovations will work in the real world. The Quartus University Interface Program (QUIP) allows the researcher to answer this important question by directly integrating research prototypes within one of the FPGA industry's leading CAD tool suites. This work describes the QUIP interface as well as research projects that are of significant interest to the FPGA industry.
Purification and properties of neutral maltase from human granulocytes (1989)

A procedure for the purification of neutral maltase from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes is described, involving solubilization with Triton X-100, proteolytic attack and three chromatographic steps: DEAE ion exchange, AcA 22 gel filtration and a second DEAE chromatography. The enzyme was obtained with a final specific activity of 30 units/mg of protein, comparable with that of other neutral maltases previously purified. The Mr of the enzyme was 550,000 as determined by gel filtration. SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, under non-denaturing conditions, led to a major band of 500,000 and a minor one of 260,000, both active, suggesting a polymeric or aggregated form of the protein. The catalytic properties of the human granulocytic neutral maltase were investigated. The pH optimum was around 6. The enzyme exhibited a broad range of substrate specificity, hydrolysing di- and oligosaccharides with alpha (1----2), alpha (1----3) and alpha (1----4) glucosidic linkages. The highest activities were observed for alpha (1----4) glucose oligomers of three to five residues. It was also found to hydrolyse polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen. The results of the inhibition studies are interpreted in terms of the existence of a large site including several subsites. The enzyme properties are broadly similar to those observed for other purified neutral alpha-glucosidases, in particular that of human kidney origin.
Survivability of Meteor Burst Communication Under Adverse Operating Conditions (1992)

This thesis is a study of the survivability and reliability issues associated with operating meteor burst communication systems under adverse conditions. Meteor burst communication relies on the phenomenon of reflecting radio waves off the ionized trails left by meteors as they enter the atmosphere and disintegrate. The systems' rapid deployment capability, mobility, and operating characteristics make it ideal for disaster and emergency communications. Adverse conditions such as ionospheric disturbances, polar region anomalies, sun-spot activity, the nuclear EMP environment and others are discussed.
Study of ZnO:V thin films prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different pressures (2008)

Vanadium doped ZnO films with the doping concentration of 0.8% were deposited onto glass substrates at different sputtering pressures by direct current (DC) reactive magnetron sputtering using a zinc target doped with vanadium. The effect of the sputtering pressures (5*10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> - 3*10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> mbar) on the structural properties of the deposited films have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The results of XRD show that all the films have a wurtzite structure and grow mainly with the c-axis orientation. The residual stresses which have been estimated by fitting the XRD results decrease with increasing sputtering pressure. The optical properties of the films were studied by measuring the transmittance. The optical constants (refractive index and extinction coefficient) and the film thickness were obtained by fitting the transmittance. All the results are discussed in relation with the sputtering pressure and the doping of the vanadium.
II분과 : 편백 조림목의 입지 특성에 따른 지역별 초기 생육 특성 (2014)

본 연구는 편백 조림목의 초기 생장과 부위별 질소와 인 농도 분석을 통하여 최적 생장을 위한 편백 조림지 특성을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 연구 대상지인 전라남도 해남과 장성에 2011년 3월 말 편백 노지묘(1-1)를 3,900본·ha-1 밀도로 식재하였다. 식재 이후 3년간 조림목의 근원경과 수고를 측정하였고, 조림지 토양 특성 및 조림목의 부위별 질소와 인 농도를 분석하였다. 해남 조사지 토양 내 전질소, 유기물 농도 및 양이온치환능력은 장성 조사지보다 양호하였으나, 조림목의 근원경과 수고 생장은 오히려 장성 조사지가 우수하였다. 이러한 결과는 장성 조사지의 유효토심이 깊고 해남 조사지가 상대적으로 연 강수량이 적으며, 강한 바람(해풍)으로 인하여 편백 조림목의 생장이 불량했기 때문으로 판단된다. 편백 조림목의 부위별 질소와 인 농도는 잎 내 인 농도를 제외하고 두 조사지 간차이는 나타나지 않았고, 잎 > 당년생 가지 > 세근 > 줄기 2 mm 이상 뿌리의 순서로 조사되었다. 본 연구 결과는향후 지속적으로 조림면적이 증가할 것으로 예상되는 편백 조림목의 최적 입지 특성을 제시하는데 기여할 수 있을것으로 판단된다.
Primal-Dual Projected Gradient Algorithms for Extended Linear-Quadratic Programming (1993)

Many large-scale problems in dynamic and stochastic optimization can be modeled with extended linear-quadratic programming, which admits penalty terms and treats them through duality. In general, the objective functions in such problems are only piecewise smooth and must be minimized or maximized relative to polyhedral sets of high dimensionality. This paper proposes a new class of numerical methods for “fully quadratic” problems within this framework, which exhibit second-order nonsmoothness. These methods, combining the idea of finite-envelope representation with that of modified gradient projection, work with local structure in the primal and dual problems simultaneously, feeding information back and forth to trigger advantageous restarts. Versions resembling steepest descent methods and conjugate gradient methods are presented. When a positive threshold of $\varepsilon $-optimality is specified, both methods converge in a finite number of iterations. With threshold 0, it is shown under mild assumptions that the steepest descent version converges linearly, while the conjugate gradient version still has a finite termination property. The algorithms are designed to exploit features of primal and dual decomposability of the Lagrangian, which are typically available in a large-scale setting, and they are open to considerable parallelization.
Rotational Speed Measurement Through Electrostatic Sensing and Correlation Signal Processing (2014)

Rotational speed is a key parameter for the condition monitoring and control of rotating machineries, such as generators, electromotors, and centrifugal and machine tool spindles. It is essential for precision machining and early warning of faults to measure rotational speed in real time. This paper presents the principle and application of electrostatic sensors and correlation signal processing techniques to real-time measurement of rotational speed. The electrostatic sensors and signal conditioning and processing units were designed and implemented. Experimental tests were conducted on a laboratory-scale test rig under a range of conditions including different diameters of the shaft. The results obtained suggest that the distance between the electrodes and the surface of the rotating object is a key factor affecting the performance of the measurement system. The system performs better in terms of accuracy and repeatability at a higher rotational speed as more electrostatic charge is produced on the rotating surface. High and stable correlation coefficients acquired during the tests suggest that the measurement system is capable of providing reliable measurement of rotational speed under realistic industrial conditions.
Simple spectral control technique for external cavity laser transmitters (1982)

An active control technique which can be used to maintain an external cavity laser transmitter in a single longitudinal mode is described. The circuitry is contained in a single integrated circuit and provides mean power control of the laser output in addition to spectral control. Single-mode operation has been demonstrated over a temperature range of 25°C.
Fourth-order two-stage delta–sigma modulator using both 1 bit and multibit quantisers (1993)

A new fourth-order delta–sigma modulator is proposed as a cascade of two second-order stages. In the first stage, a 1 bit quantiser is employed, and in the second stage, a multibit quantiser is employed. The new modulator is tolerant of the multibit D/A conversion error and thus can deliver a very high signal-to-noise ratio in the baseband. Another significant advantage of using the new modulator is the reduced requirement on the following digital filter as associated with multibit modulators.
Thermal and Catalytic Regeneration of Diesel Particulate Traps (1983)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Thermal and catalytic techniques for regenerating particulate traps were assessed. The thermal technique used a burner which heated engine exhaust to the ignition temperature of the particulates to achieve over 90% regeneration effectiveness. HC, CO and particulate emissions resulting from combustion of particulates and burner exhaust were 25 to 50% of the allowable vehicle emissions for one CVS cycle. The fuel consumed by the burner was 9% of the fuel consumed by a vehicle over one CVS cycle. Problems with burner nozzle clogging, ignition reliability, trap durability and control system requirements were identified. In the catalytic technique, Diesel fuel containing .5 gm/gal lead and .25 gm/gal copper lowered the ignition temperature of the particulates by 425°F so that periodic regeneration occurred. The trap collected nearly all of the lead and copper resulting in limited trap life, and deposits on the engine fuel nozzles tended to increase HC emissions.</div>
Si-implanted GaAs Metal-semiconductor Field-effect Transistors With InGap Surface Passivation Film (2005)

Summary form only given. The authors examine a novel device structure that contains an InGaP thin film on the GaAs surface. Since InGaP has a wider bandgap than GaAs, it is expected that phi /sub B/ (Schottky barrier height) would be increased by conduction band discontinuity in the InGaP/GaAs heterojunction and that the GaAs surface would be passivated. The dependence of the phi /sub B/ of Ti/Au contacts on the InGaP film thickness is measured using Si-doped GaAs layers with a carrier concentration as high as 3*10/sup 18//cm/sup 3/. Both enhancement- and depletion-mode Si-implanted MESFETs can be easily fabricated as planar devices in the same wafer by changing the ion implantation conditions. Si-implanted InGaP/GaAs MESFETs are thus promising devices for high-speed and high-density ICs with low-noise operation. >
Combination of Delipidized High Density Lipoprotein with Lipids (1967)

A method has been developed for combining lipids in vitro with delipidized high density lipoprotein (apo-HDL) by mixing a concentrated petroleum ether solution of lipids with an aqueous solution of apo-HDL. When a mixture of plasma lipids was used, combination of phospholipids and cholesterol was observed in amounts comparable with those present in native HDL; triglycerides and cholesterol esters combined, but in much smaller amounts. Free fatty acids combined with apo-HDL and with albumin, but other lipids did not combine with albumin or with other proteins tested. Washing the recombined apo-HDL with petroleum ether did not remove lipids. The mobility of HDL on paper electrophoresis was decreased by removal of all lipids, and this change was reversed by recombination. Practically all the lipids present in the aqueous phase traveled with the protein. The ultracentrifugal sedimentation pattern of HDL was changed by delipidization to give an additional peak with a higher sedimentation coefficient, suggesting aggregation; recombination with lipids reversed this change to give a pattern similar to that of native HDL. Combination with phospholipids alone, either as a petroleum ether solution or as a micellar solution, produced the same change in ultracentrifugal pattern of apo-HDL as did combination with plasma lipid mixture. Cholesterol alone combined with apo-HDL in much smaller amounts than when phospholipids were also present, suggesting that combination of phospholipids with apo-HDL is the primary step in the formation of HDL.
Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> capture by tertiary amine-functionalized ionic liquids through Li<sup>+</sup>-stabilized zwitterionic adduct formation (2014)

Highly efficient CO 2 absorption was realized through formation of zwitterionic adducts, combining synthetic strategies to ionic liquids (ILs) and coordination. The essence of our strategy is to make use of multidentate cation coordination between Li + and an organic base. Also PEG-functionalized organic bases were employed to enhance the CO 2 -philicity. The ILs were reacted with CO 2 to form the zwitterionic adduct. Coordination effects between various lithium salts and neutral ligands, as well as the CO 2 capacity of the chelated ILs obtained were investigated. For example, the CO 2 capacity of PEG 150 MeBu 2 N increased steadily from 0.10 to 0.66 (mol CO 2 absorbed per mol of base) through the formation of zwitterionic adducts being stabilized by Li + .
Approach to three-dimensional mapping of quantitative histochemical measurements applied to studies of the cochlear nucleus. (1976)

After reviewing the historical development of some procedures for localizing quantitative histochemical measurements, an approach is presented which combines some aspects of these procedures to make possible a permanent, objective record of the location of each sample. The method further allows direct comparisons to be made with drawings of other nearby sections during the process of sampling. Illustrations are given of various applications to a study of the cochlear nucleus. A particular benefit of the approach is to facilitate comparison of chemical with anatomical and physiologic data.
Discrete multitone modulation with principal component filter banks (2002)

Discrete multitone (DMT) modulation is an attractive method for communication over a nonflat channel with possibly colored noise. The uniform discrete Fourier transform (DFT) filter bank and cosine modulated filter bank have in the past been used in this system because of low complexity. We show in this paper that principal component filter banks (PCFB) which are known to be optimal for data compression and denoising applications, are also optimal for a number of criteria in DMT modulation communication. For example, the PCFB of the effective channel noise power spectrum (noise psd weighted by the inverse of the channel gain) is optimal for DMT modulation in the sense of maximizing bit rate for fixed power and error probabilities. We also establish an optimality property of the PCFB when scalar prefilters and postfilters are used around the channel. The difference between the PCFB and a traditional filter bank such as the brickwall filter bank or DFT filter bank is significant for effective power spectra which depart considerably from monotonicity. The twisted pair channel with its bridged taps, next and fext noises, and AM interference, therefore appears to be a good candidate for the application of a PCFB. This is demonstrated with the help of numerical results for the case of the ADSL channel.
Cyclandelate in the Prophylaxis of Migraine (1996)

Cyclandelate inhibits calcium-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells, platelet aggregation induced by thrombin, platelet-activating-factor and adenosine, and also suppresses a provoked 5HT release from platelets. This pharmacological profile suggests that cyclandelate may have a potential prophylactic effect in migraine. To test this hypothesis, a double-blind multicentre study was performed in 214 patients to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of cyclandelate compared to placebo and propranolol. After a 4-week baseline period, eligible patients (randomization 3:2:3) were treated for 12 weeks with daily doses of 1.200 mg cyclandelate (n = 81), placebo (n = 55) or 120 mg propranolol (n = 78). The number of migraine attacks (> or = 50% responders) and the migraine duration/month were compared based on the difference between baseline and the last 4 weeks of prophylactic treatment. The percentage of patients with a reduction in migraine attacks of > or = 50% treated with cyclandelate (37.0%) or propranolol (42.3%) was not significantly superior to placebo (30.9%; p > 0.025). The mean duration of migraine in hours (h) per month decreased in both active treatment groups (cyclandelate: 36.8 h, p = 0.046; propranolol: 34.4 h, p = 0.039) compared to placebo (13.7 h) without reaching statistical significance (alpha/2 = 0.025). The clinical efficacy of cyclandelate and propranolol was comparable. Adverse experiences were reported by 13 patients (16.0%) treated with cyclandelate, by 5 patients (9.1%) treated with placebo and by 19 patients (24.4%) treated with propranolol. These were drug-related in 7.1% (n = 6) of patients treated with cyclandelate and in 9% (n = 7) of patients treated with propranolol. In summary, cyclandelate has a comparable efficacy to that of propranolol, an established drug of first choice in the prophylaxis of migraine. Both drugs were better than placebo, but not significantly so. Both active treatments were well tolerated.