gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones to the unsaturated alcohols catalysed by hydridoiridium phosphine complexes (1986)

Unusual selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde and benzylideneacetone to the corresponding unsaturated alcohols is catalysed by [H2Ir(phosphine)4]+ complexes in toluene; use of a chiral phosphine gives a 7.4% enantiomeric excess of (S)-(–)-1-phenylbut-1-en-3-ol.
A Large Scale Investigation of Obfuscation Use in Google Play (2018)

Android applications are frequently plagiarized or repackaged, and software obfuscation is a recommended protection against these practices. However, there is very little data on the overall rates of app obfuscation, the techniques used, or factors that lead to developers to choose to obfuscate their apps. In this paper, we present the first comprehensive analysis of the use of and challenges to software obfuscation in Android applications. We analyzed 1.7 million free Android apps from Google Play to detect various obfuscation techniques, finding that only 24.92% of apps are obfuscated by the developer. To better understand this rate of obfuscation, we surveyed 308 Google Play developers about their experiences and attitudes about obfuscation. We found that while developers feel that apps in general are at risk of plagiarism, they do not fear theft of their own apps. Developers also report difficulties obfuscating their own apps. To better understand, we conducted a follow-up study where the vast majority of 70 participants failed to obfuscate a realistic sample app even while many mistakenly believed they had been successful. These findings have broad implications both for improving the security of Android apps and for all tools that aim to help developers write more secure software.
Chemicals used in Making Wine (1987)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTChemicals used in Making WineCORNELLUS S. OUGHView Author Information University of California, DavisCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1987, 65, 1, 19–28Publication Date (Print):January 5, 1987Publication History Published online8 November 2010Published inissue 5 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v065n001.p019https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v065n001.p019newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1987 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Additives,Beverages Get e-Alerts
A study on the skipping of the compact disk player (1992)

The causes of skipping by sound pressure of a speaker in a compact disk player were studied through the analysis of the error signal from the optical pickup and the modal analysis. It was ascertained that skipping was induced by the nodal circle mode of the compact disk and the vibration energy was transmitted through the air and mechanical components of the compact disk player. It was proved that the cause of skipping was closely related to the natural frequencies and vibration mode shapes forming the nodal circle. This results in increased relative displacement between disk and optical pickup when the disk is excited by external excitation sources. The reduction of relative motion between disk and pickup when the external excitation is induced is considered as a method for solving the skipping problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Study of a Bis(arylgalvinol)-Substituted Alkyl Disulfide Monolayer and Mixed Monolayers on Polycrystalline Gold (1998)

The monolayer of bis(arylgalvinol)-substituted alkyl disulfide and mixed monolayers with decanethiol (DT) on a polycrystalline gold electrode were characterized in an aqueous solution by means of cyclic voltammetry and in situ electroreflectance (ER) spectroscopy. Both neat and mixed monolayers exhibited a quasi-reversible redox response of galvinol/galvinoxyl radical couple (GalH/Gal•) at the same formal potentials. The ER signal involved responses due to both the redox reaction and the Stark effect on Gal•. The ER spectrum of the redox reaction showed a difference absorption spectral feature, and it was found that the absorption bands of both immobilized GalH and Gal• are red shifted in comparison to their absorption bands measured in organic solvents. The ER spectral profile for the redox reaction was unaffected by mixing with DT, while the contribution of Stark effect on Gal• to the ER signal was significantly suppressed by increasing the amount of DT in the monolayer. The amount of immobilized GalH increased to larger than that of the neat monolayer as the mixing ratio of DT was increased up to 0.65, though further increases in the ratio resulted in a decrease in the amount of immobilized GalH. The increased mixing of DT narrowed the width of the CV peaks, consistent with an accelerated electron-transfer rate constant for the mixed monolayers. These results suggest that the neat monolayer may be disordered, while DT may mix well with the disulfide on the Au surface and force the monolayer to be more well-ordered.
Bottle packaged wine product detection by UHF RFID systems (2010)

A new invention of wine closure is introduced. By means of this closure, a UHF RFID application for a bottle packaged wine product detection is realized. The application is realized by designing a tag based on a meander line dipole antenna, according to the shape of the new wine closure, so that the tag can be inserted into the closure with good radiation performance. Moreover, this is the first RFID tag using the meander line monopole antenna. The experiment shows that the bottle packaged wine product labeled by the tag can be detected at about 1.5 m distance, which is much longer than previously reported on wine product detection.
Putting a New Spin on Carbon Nanotubes (2000)

Nanotube fibers are expected to have a wide range of applications from energy storage to high-strength mechanical devices. But as Baughman explains in his Perspective, methods for making such fibers have been of limited success. In contrast, the process reported by Vigolo et al. shows great promise. Together with a recently reported, more economically viable nanotube production process, this method may open the door to large-scale devices and materials based on carbon nanotubes.
Recognition and Development of Low-Resistivity Pay (1997)

Abstract In unfractured reservoirs, low-resistivity pay zones can usually be identified with one or more of the following: laminated reservoir/non-reservoir sequences, formations with multi-modal pore-size characteristics, sediments with anomalously high surface area, and reservoir characteristics that extend beyond the range of applicability of interpretative algorithms, e.g. reservoirs containing very fresh formation waters. In all these cases, dry oil has been produced in the presence of high interpreted water saturations, in many different parts of the world. It is therefore important to have a generalised facility for recognising low-resistivity pay as early as possible in the life of a prospect. A systematic procedure is described for the identification of low-resistivity and low-resistivity-contrast pay zones in primary reservoirs. The approach acknowledges that a reservoir rock is a coupled physicochemical system, the method is generic and robust, it is conceptually simple, and it is structured in a manner that is easy to understand. The scheme is modular and it is arranged hierarchically to reflect maturing data scenarios. Therefore it can be progressively refined during the appraisal and development stages. The essence of the method is the definition and calibration of reliable interpretative procedures through quality-assured reference data from key wells by admitting only validated reservoir characteristics. Examples illustrate how failure to do this can result in much loss of value. The principal thrust is to facilitate the re-evaluation of other wells within the same reservoir system without the need for additional logging programmes. The proposed interpretation scheme also constitutes a basis for the incorporation of new logging technology when this becomes established. The end-product is a flexible petrophysical interpretation scheme for these complex reservoirs that benefits from cost-effectiveness, portability, a higher degree of exactness and consequently a reduced uncertainty.
Trustworthy and Secure Service-Oriented Architecture for the Internet of Things (2016)

In the Internet of Things (IoT), heterogeneous devices connect to each other and to external systems to exchange data and provide services. Given the diversity of devices, it is becoming increasingly common to establish collaborative relationships between devices to provide composite services. However, due to the high degree of heterogeneity in the IoT context, one of the most significant challenges is to develop software applications that can run on a wide variety of devices and can communicate and collaborate with an even wider array of systems. A common middleware infrastructure for these devices will therefore have a significant impact on the design, deployment, and use of services in IoT systems by allowing developers to focus on the applications rather than the low-level implementation details each device.
A Unified, Configurable Architecture Implementing Block Cipher Operational Modes (2006)

Data encryption and authentication are mandatory for any type of communication. Data transmission over the Internet and wireless networks is being threatened by persistent threats and eavesdropping. We propose reconfigurable, high throughput multi-mode block cipher architecture. The proposed architecture has the ability to encrypt/decrypt a plaintext/ciphertext efficiently using ECB, CBC, CFB, OFB, CTR, CBC-MAC, CCM, or RMAC mode. We implemented the proposed architecture on Xilinx xc2v4000-6bf957 and tested it using the most widely used block ciphers. The proposed architecture is compared to the implementation of simplest mode electronic code book (ECB) based on area and speed. The extra area required for the proposed architecture ranges from 1.6% to 18.4% whereas the extra delay ranges from 0% to 7%
Fiber-grating based strain sensor with phase sensitive detection (1992)

A technique for the detection of dynamic strain inducedwavelength shifts in fiber Bragg grating sensors which is capable of highresolution sensing is described. The scheme is based on the use of anunbalanced-interferometer wavelength discriminator to transpose thewavelength shift of light reflected from a strained fiber grating into thephase shift of an electrical carrier signal.
Implementation of the Ekofisk Field Waterflood (1991)

Summary This paper describes the design, implementation, and initial results of the full-field water-injection program in the Ekofisk field of the North Sea. Two pilot waterfloods, injection-well-pattern design, vertical confinement considerations, optimization of production-well sidetracks, core fracture analysis and orientation, regional permeability variations, reservoir geology and faulting, and overall anisotropy are discussed. Results of a comprehensive waterflood surveillance program are presented as well as 3D-model predictions for ultimate recoveries.
The development and evaluation of new microwave equipment and its suitability for wood modification (2006)

The present research offers an assessment of the computer modelling process for developing new microwave equipment suitable for wood modification. To understand the functioning of the new projected microwave equipment and moreover, to make its operability as safety as required by the Australian and International Safety Organization, the computer modelling process was completed by developing the customised devices, setting the appropriate testing procedures and measuring the specific parameters. Initially, the fundamentals of microwave heating including the history of utilisation of these technologies, electromagnetic theory, details about volumetric and selective heating, and also basics regarding microwave heating of the wood are examined. Subsequently, an insight into the main microwave systems components and current developments in the industrial microwave heating is provided. The overview report ends with details about the expansion of computerized numerical microwave modeling techniques and comments about some of their relevant features. A practical and innovative way able to control the intensity and distribution of the microwave energy and to enhance the microwave treatment pattern within dielectric is then presented. It was accomplished through computerized 3D electromagnetic simulations and validated using pilot plant microwave equipment. To complement the microwave applicator to highly reduce the energy reflection towards the generators, a novel idea is put forward. The experimental tests show that the reflected energy can be reduced up to 50 %. A custom-designed microwave leakage suppression device for wood treatment in continuous flow microwave industrial systems presented together with its evaluation completes the research work. Finally, the importance of the research, the key facts and the recommendations for further work are emphasized.
Magnetic Differentiation of Pyrogallol[4]arene Tubular and Capsular Frameworks (2013)

The differences in magnetic properties of metal-based nanometric assemblies are due to distinct contributions from host-guest interactions, structural integrity, and magnetic interactions. To disentangle these contributions, it is necessary to control the self-assembly process that forms these entities. Herein we study the effect of host-to-guest ratios to identify remarkably different structural-magnetic contributions of C-methylpyrogallol[4]arene⊂ferrocene/(PgC1)2⊂Fc dimers vs (PgC1)3⊂Fc nanotubes. At low temperature, a weak anti-ferromagnetic alignment is observed, suggesting a weak dipolar interaction between Fc guest moieties within adjacent dimers or tubes. Also, differences are observed between magnetic atom occupancy as a function of guest (PgC1⊂Fc tube/dimer) versus magnetic atom occupancy within the framework wall (PgC3Ni hexamer/dimer). Identification of the role of the framework shape and metal-metal distances in the crystal lattice opens up unparalleled prospects for materials engineering.
Novel Coordination Polymers Based on the Tetrathioterephthalate Dianion as the Bridging Ligand (2007)

The first examples of coordination polymers based on the tetrathioterephthalate dianion as the bridging ligand are reported. Two novel compounds, [M(S(2)CC(6)H(4)CS(2))(DMF)(2)](DMF) (M = Zn, Mn; DMF = dimethylformamide), have been synthesized, and their structural and optical properties were investigated.
Measuring and Reducing the Performance Gap between Embedded and Soft Multipliers on FPGAs (2011)

To bridge the gap between FPGAs and ASICs for arithmetic dominated circuits, one key step is to improve multipliers on FPGAs. This is a key feature that FPGA vendors have tried to improve in recent years by embedding ASIC like multipliers in the DSP blocks. However, due to the limited number of DSP blocks in an FPGA, their fixed location and bit-width limitation, efficient soft logic implementation of multipliers is fundamental. This is the reason that FPGA vendors have enhanced the logic blocks architecture to improve certain arithmetic circuits such as adder tree, which is the basic part of a parallel multiplier. This paper has two main contributions: (1) The performance gap between embedded and soft multipliers is measured and the design space is explored and (2) the current performance gap is reduced by employing a number of target specific mapping and arithmetic transformation techniques. For this purpose, a multiplier generator tool is developed and two conventional multiplication techniques are implemented in this tool. We compare our multipliers with the ones that are generated by Altera core generator tool considering a wide range of bit-widths. Therefore, this paper can be used as a reference for the digital circuit designers to choose the right way of implementing multipliers on FPGAs based on their design constraints.
Design and Preparation of AlN/GaN Quantum Wells for Quantum Cascade Laser Applications (2005)

An envelope function framework was used to calculate the conduction band structure of AlN/GaN quantum wells for application to quantum cascade lasers. We took into account the piezo- and spontaneous polarization fields in the nitride quantum wells. The design of the quantum cascade structures in the AlN/GaN system becomes much simpler if we utilize the effect of polarization fields. [(AlN) 1 /(GaN) n 1 ] m /(AlN) n 2 quantum wells were prepared using hot-wall epitaxy for mid-infrared quantum cascade laser applications, and X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements were performed on them. The X-ray diffraction measurements of the quantum wells were in good agreement with the theoretical pattern, and the coherent growth of quantum wells on the GaN buffer layers was ascertained by X-ray reciprocal mapping. The existence of a single atomic layer of AlN was observed by TEM measurements.
Crystal-plane effect of nanoscale CeO<sub>2</sub>on the catalytic performance of Ni/CeO<sub>2</sub>catalysts for methane dry reforming (2015)

The morphology and crystal-plane effects of CeO<sub>2</sub>materials (nanorods, nanocubes, nanooctas and nanoparticles) on the catalytic performance of Ni/CeO<sub>2</sub>in methane dry reforming were investigated.
Activated factor IX-antithrombin III complexes in human blood: quantification by an enzyme-linked differential antibody immunoassay and determination of the in vivo half-life. (1991)

An enzyme-linked immunoassay has been developed to quantitate the activated human factor IX-antithrombin III complex (IXa-AT III). Test plasma was absorbed onto barium citrate and eluted to remove free antithrombin III (AT III). The IXa-AT III complex in the eluate was then measured by using polystyrene balls coated with immobilized rabbit anti-AT III antibody-binding fragments and anti-factor IX (anti-FIX) antibody-binding fragments labeled with beta-D-galactosidase. The assay was very sensitive, detecting a concentration as low as 0.15 fmol/assay/100 microliters plasma, which corresponds to as little as 0.002% of activated FIX in plasma. Experiments with purified FIX, IXa-alpha, AT III, IXa-AT III, normal plasma, AT III-depleted plasma, and FIX-deficient plasma demonstrated that the assay is specific. IXa-AT III generation could be detected in normal native whole blood within 2.0 minutes after venipuncture. The complex could not be detected in native whole blood from patients with severe hemophilia B even at 1 hour after venipuncture. The mean plasma level of IXa-AT III in healthy adults (n = 32, ages 23 to 54 years) was 9.67 +/- 2.86 pmol/L (mean +/- SD), whereas in eight patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation levels ranged from 11.7 to 35.0 pmol/L. The IXa-AT III titer was significantly reduced in three patients with severe factor VII deficiency (5.70 +/- 1.99 pmol/L) but was normal in three patients with severe factor XI deficiency (11.2 +/- 1.59 pmol/L). Purified IXa-AT III was cleared in vivo in rabbits with a half-life value of 30 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
전략적 CRM을 위한 공기업 고객 세분화 방안 (2007)

현대 경제 환경은 세계 시장 경쟁과 IT기술 발전의 가속화와 함께 변화하였으며, 시장이 포화 상태에 이름에 따라 고객이 자산 이상의 가치 평가를 받게 되었다. 즉, 고객관계관리(Customer Relationship Management, CRM)가 발전하고, 이것이 국내외 모든 기업들의 관심사이자 가장 중요한 경영 전략으로 인식되게 되었다. 그러나 일반적인 사기업에 비해 국가나 공공단체 등이 경영하는 공기업은 공공성과 기업성에 의해 가치를 평가 받기 때문에 둘 중 어느 하나라도 소홀히 할 수 없고, 또 그러한 이유로 빠르게 변화는 현대 시장 경제 속의 공기업은 사기업의 뒤만 쫓고 있는 실정이다. 그에 대한 대책으로, 민영화 등의 극단적인 조치와 함께 혁신을 요구 받으며, 국가고객만족지수(National Customer Satisfaction Index, NCSI) 평가가 실시되고 있으나, 그 평가에서 좋은 평가를 받은 A 공기업의 예를 살펴보면 아직까지 공기업의 CRM은 효율적인 면에서 많이 부족하다 할 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 사기업이 공기업에 비해 어떻게 다른 위치에 있는지 사례를 알아보고, 공기업의 역량 강화를 위한 경영 혁신을 위해 기존 공기업의 CRM DB 구성을 분석하여 전략적인 공기업의 CRM 발전을 위한 모델링을 구축하였다. 이는 기존 공기업의 CRM 시스템과 고객 segmentation에 대한 문제점을 쉽게 찾고, 더욱 전략적인 고객 segmentation과, 더 나아가 공기업의 효과적인 CRM 시스템의 전략을 세우는데 지침이 될 수 있을 것이다.
Near‐infrared light‐responsive nanomaterials for cancer theranostics (2015)

Abstract Early diagnosis and effective cancer therapy are required, to properly treat cancer, which causes more than 8.2 million deaths in a year worldwide. Among various cancer treatments, nanoparticle‐based cancer therapies and molecular imaging techniques have been widely exploited over the past decades to overcome current drawbacks of existing cancer treatments. In particular, gold nanoparticles ( AuNPs ), carbon nanotubes ( CNTs ), graphene oxide ( GO ), and upconversion nanocrystals ( UNCs ) have attracted tremendous attention from researchers due to their near‐infrared ( NIR ) light‐responsive behaviors. These nanomaterials are considered new multifunctional platforms for cancer theranostics. They would enable on‐demand control of drug release or molecular imaging in response to a remote trigger by NIR light exposure. This approach allows the patient or physician to adjust therapy precisely to a target site, thus greatly improving the efficacy of cancer treatments, while reducing undesirable side effects. In this review, we have summarized the advantages of NIR light‐responsive nanomaterials for in vivo cancer treatments, which includes NIR triggered photothermal therapy ( PTT ) and photodynamic therapy ( PDT ). Furthermore, recent developments, perspectives, and new challenges of NIR light‐responsive nanomaterials are discussed for cancer theranostic applications. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 8:23–45. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1347 This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Obituary Notice (1920)

BIOCHEMISTRY has suffered a severe loss by the sudden death of ADRIAN J. BROWN, which followed closely upon that of his wife last July. Adrian Brown was born in 1852 at-Burton and educated at the local Grammar School, whilst he. received his chemical training at the Royal School of Mines under Frankland. After acting for a shore time as private assistant to Dr Russell at Bartholomew's Hospital he was appointed chemist to the brewing firm of Messrs Thos. Salt & Co. of Burton-on-Trent, where
Load-transient enhanced low-dropout regulator based on buffer stage with paralleled current and voltage paths for low-ESR applications (2014)

A load-transient enhanced low-dropout regulator (LDR) based on a buffer stage with paralleled current and voltage paths is proposed. By using a 1.2V p-type source-follower with small bias current as the voltage path, the gate-swing of the power transistor is widened and load capability is enhanced significantly. Moreover, by adding an inverting amplifier with diode-connected load as the current path, the LDR has good loop stability and fast load transient response. The proposed LDR was designed in a 0.13 μm mixed-mode CMOS process. The dropout voltage is 0.2V, and the quiescent current is only 10uA. Simulation results show that the LDR is stable with zero-ESR compensation, and it achieves 11mV voltage dip for a load current step of 200mA with 1ns edge times.