gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PERIODIC, RATHER THAN CONTINUAL ACQUISITION OF A NEW TOMATO VIRUS BY ITS VECTOR, THE TOBACCO WHITEFLY (<i>BEMISIA TABACI</i> GENNADIUS)<sup>1</sup> (1964)

The tomato yellow leaf curl disease is caused by a hitherto undescribed virus (TYLCV), which attacks tomato and Datura stramonium plants in Israel. The virus, transmitted by the tobacco whitefly, is persistent in its vector, but not for life. A virus‐acquisition access lasting 24 hours renders the whitefly inoculative for an average period of 10–12 days. During that period the vector is unable to compensate for its steadily decreasing inoculativity by re‐acquiring the virus from a source plant, until it first completely ceases to transmit the virus. Only after such a cessation is the vector able to begin re‐acquiring the virus, and thereby regain its inoculative potential as during the previous cycle of acquisition/inoculation. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG PERIODISCH WIEDERKEHRENDE UND NICHT FORTWÄHRENDE AUFNAME EINES NEUEN TOMATEN‐VIRUS DURCH SEINEN ÜBERTRÄGER, DIE TABAKMOTTENSCHILDLAUS (BEMISIA TABACI GENNADIUS) Die Gelbkräuselkrankheit der Tomaten wird durch ein bisher unbeschriebenes Virus hervorgerufen, das Tomaten‐ und Datura stramonium ‐Pflaxasn in Israel befällt. Das Virus, das durch die Tabakmottenschildlaus übertragen wird, ist in seinem überträger beständig, aber nicht für Lebenszeit. Ein Aufenhalt des überträgers auf der infizierten Pflanze während 24 Stunden macht die Mottenschildlaus für eine Durchschnittszeit von 10–12 Tagen verimpfungsfähig. Während dieser Periode ist der überträger ausserstande, seine stetig abnehmende Verimpfungsfähigkeit durch Zurückgewinnung des Virus von einer pflanzlichen Infektionsquelle zu ersetzen, bis er gänzlich aufhört, das Virus zu übertragen. Nur nach einem solchen Aufhören ist der üUberträger imstande, das Virus erneut aufzunehmen und damit sein Verimpfungspotential wiederzugewinnen wie während des vorhergehenden Zyklus Aufnahme/Verimpfung. Im Sommer, wenn die Vitalität dieser Mottenschildlaus am höchsten ist, konnten drei solcher Zyklen wahrgenommen werden, dagegen nur ein Zyklus im Winter oder zwei im Frühling. Weibchen wurden sechsmal leistungsfähiger als Männchen in der übertragung dieses Virus befunden.
Theoretical comparison of Fourier and wavelet encoding in magnetic resonance imaging (1996)

A theoretical comparison of the wavelet and Fourier encoding methods is made with respect to resolution, sensitivity to artifact, and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR's). A general mathematical description is developed in which magnetic resonance (MR) image encoding is represented by a projection of the function representing the "MR signal density" onto an approximation subspace of the finite energy functions. Characteristics of the subspace are used to define a "generalized" point-spread function for space-variant systems. Using the formal model of MR image encoding it is shown that wavelet encoding approaches the resolution limit defined by Fourier encoding. Artifact is treated according to whether or not the source of the variation in the measured data is stationary. Nonstationary imperfections perturb the projection operation and result in encoding method-dependent effects which can be modeled by a distortion matrix suitable for treating shift variant systems. A framework is developed in which to derive expressions for SNR's applicable to a general class of MR encoding methods.
Resolution of overlapping bands. Functions for simulating band shapes (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTResolution of overlapping bands. Functions for simulating band shapesRobert D. B. Fraser and Eikichi. SuzukiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1969, 41, 1, 37–39Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60270a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60270a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views493Altmetric-Citations189LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Excited-State Spectroscopy of Molecules Using Opto-acoustic Detection (1977)

Opto-acoustic high-resolution spectroscopy of the $v=1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2$ vibrational-rotational transitions of the $^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}_{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}_{\frac{3}{2}}$ states of NO is reported. Accurate frequencies for the 1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2 band centers for both the $^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}_{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}_{\frac{3}{2}}$ states are obtained. The opto-acoustic detection technique has allowed Zeeman spectroscopy of the excited-state transitions.
IFN-gamma-mediated inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by natural killer T-cell ligand, alpha-galactosylceramide. (2002)

Alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer), which is a specific ligand for CD1d-restricted variable-alpha14 chain (V(alpha)14) natural killer T (NKT) cells, exerts a potent antitumor effect. We recently demonstrated that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secreted by both NKT cells and NK cells plays a critical role in mediating the antimetastatic effect of alpha-GalCer; however, the IFN-gamma-dependent antitumor mechanisms remain poorly defined. In the present study, we demonstrate IFN-gamma-dependent inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by alpha-GalCer. In alpha-GalCer-treated mice, subcutaneous tumor growth and tumor-induced angiogenesis were inhibited in an IFN-gamma-dependent manner. The alpha-GalCer-activated splenic or hepatic mononuclear cells inhibited murine endothelial cell proliferation in vitro, and this inhibitory effect was mediated mostly by IFN-gamma produced by NKT cells and NK cells. NK cell depletion resulted in significant but partial inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo. These results suggest that the IFN-gamma-mediated inhibition of tumor angiogenesis is critically involved in the effector mechanisms of antitumor effects evoked by alpha-GalCer.
The molecular determinants of <scp>CD</scp>8 co‐receptor function (2012)

CD8(+) T cells respond to signals mediated through a specific interaction between the T-cell receptor (TCR) and a composite antigen in the form of an epitopic peptide bound between the polymorphic α1 and α2 helices of an MHC class I (MHCI) molecule. The CD8 glycoprotein 'co-receives' antigen by binding to an invariant region of the MHCI molecule and can enhance ligand recognition by up to 1 million-fold. In recent years, a number of structural and biophysical investigations have shed light on the role of the CD8 co-receptor during T-cell antigen recognition. Here, we provide a collated resource for these data, and discuss how the structural and biophysical parameters governing CD8 co-receptor function further our understanding of T-cell cross-reactivity and the productive engagement of low-affinity antigenic ligands.
Alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptor (TR) gene expression during auditory neurogenesis: evidence for TR isoform-specific transcriptional regulation in vivo. (1994)

Clinicians have long recognized that congenital deficiency of iodine (a component of thyroid hormone) somehow damages the human embryonic nervous system, causing sensori-neural deafness. Recently, a deletion encompassing most of the human beta thyroid hormone receptor (TR beta) gene has been found in children who are neurologically normal except for one striking defect: profound sensori-neural deafness. We now show that the TR beta gene is prominently expressed very early in rat inner ear development. This expression is remarkable because both TR beta 1 and TR beta 2 mRNAs are restricted, as early as embryonic day 12.5, to that portion of the embryonic inner ear that gives rise to the cochlea, the structure responsible for converting sound into neural impulses. The timing of this expression, when correlated with human inner ear development, raises the possibility that TRs may act in human ontogenesis earlier than previously suspected. These results provide a rare correlation between a specific human neurologic deficit (deafness) and transcription factor expression in a highly discrete embryonic cell population (ventral otocyst). TR alpha gene expression is also prominent in the developing cochlea, but, in contrast to the restricted pattern of TR beta gene expression, TR alpha 1 and TR alpha 2 transcripts are also found in inner ear structures responsible for balance. Deafness in children homozygous for a large deletion in the TR beta gene suggests that cochlear alpha 1 TRs cannot functionally compensate for the absence of TR beta 1 and TR beta 2. The developing inner ear may, therefore, represent an example of TR isoform-specific transcriptional regulation in vivo.
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the Wiskott‐Aldrich Syndrome protein by Lyn and Btk is regulated by CDC42 (1998)

The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare immunodeficiency disease affecting mainly platelets and lymphocytes. Here, we show that the WAS gene product, WASp, is tyrosine phosphorylated upon aggregation of the high affinity IgE receptor (Fc epsilonRI) at the surface of RBL-2H3 rat tumor mast cells. Lyn and the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), two protein tyrosine kinases involved in Fc epsilonRI-signaling phosphorylate WASp and interact with WASp in vivo. Interestingly, expression of a GTPase defective mutant form of CDC42, that interacts with WASp, is accompanied by a substantial increase in WASp tyrosine phosphorylation. This study suggests that activated CDC42 recruits WASp to the plasma membrane where it becomes phosphorylated by Lyn and Btk. We conclude that WASp represents a connection between protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathways and CDC42 function in cytoskeleton and cell growth regulation in hematopoietic cells.
Synthesis of the Phenoxonium Cation of an α-Tocopherol Model Compound Crystallized with Non-Nucleophilic [B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>-</sup> and (CB<sub>11</sub>H<sub>6</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>)<sup>-</sup> Anions (2006)

The phenoxonium cation of a vitamin E model compound has been crystallized using the non-nucleophilic carborane and tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate counteranions. The crystal structures confirm the assignment of the unusually stable phenoxonium cation and indicate that there is a substantial shortening of the carbon-oxygen bond lengths of the para-carbon atoms in the phenolic ring and a substantial increase of the carbon-oxygen bond length at the quaternary carbon. The crystallographic data are in excellent agreement with structural predictions from molecular orbital calculations.
Forward and backward waves in the arterial system (1972)

The total amount of reflection in the arterial system of the dog is evaluated during control, high, and low peripheral resistance, and an occluded descending aorta. Pressure, as measured in the ascending aorta, may be separated into a (composite) wave travelling from the heart towards the periphery, the forward wave, and a (composite) wave that travels in the opposite direction, the backward wave. This is also true for aortic flow. One may distinguish between reflections at bifurcations of the large vessels and reflections at the arteriolar part of the arterial tree. The former contribute a small, rather constant amount to the returning wave, while the latter reflects a strongly variable amount.
Deviations from Matthiessen's Rule (1972)

Abstract We present a comprehensive review of the subject of Deviations from Matthiessens's Rule, including a historical survey and detailed critical evaluations of both theory and experimental data. We discuss deviations occurring: in substitutional alloys (both magnetic and non-magnetic); after quenching; after radiation damage; after plastic deformation; and in thin samples. The only topic omitted is that of anomalous negative deviations occurring at low temperatures (e.g. the Kondo effect). Work supported in part by the Schweizerischer Nationalfunds and in part by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission under contract AT(11-1)-1247. Work supported in part by the Schweizerischer Nationalfunds and in part by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission under contract AT(11-1)-1247. Notes Work supported in part by the Schweizerischer Nationalfunds and in part by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission under contract AT(11-1)-1247.
A model for x‐ray‐induced solid‐state polymerization (1988)

Abstract A model for x‐ray‐induced solid‐state polymerization based on experimental results obtained with the disubstituted diacetylene, 10,12‐pentacosadiynoic acid, is presented.
Relationships between microwave permittivities of solid and pulverised plastics (1990)

The complex permittivities (dielectric properties) of solid and pulverised samples of two plastics, Rexolite 1422 and Kynar, were measured at frequencies of 2.45, 11.5 and 22.0 GHz at 25 degrees C by the short-circuited waveguide technique. Several dielectric mixture equations and extrapolation of functions of the dielectric constants and loss factors that are linear with bulk density were then used to estimate the permittivities at solid-material densities from measurements on the pulverised samples. For these materials, the best estimates of the permittivities were provided by extrapolations that are consistent with the complex refractive index and Landau and Lifshitz, Looyenga mixture equations. The Bottcher mixture equation often gave values very close to the Landau and Lifshitz, Looyenga equation, and the Bruggeman-Hanai, Rayleigh and Lichtenecker mixture equations gave increasingly larger permittivity estimates in that order.
Phenylnaphthalene Compounds from the Subterranean Part of<i>Vitex rotundifolia</i>and Their Antibacterial Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2001)

A careful investigation of the subterranean part of Vitex rotundifolia has shown that this plant contains five novel lignans having a 1-phenylnaphthalene-type skeleton together with four known lignans. These structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Furthermore, some of the isolated compounds showed antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Quantitative Analysis of Mineral Phases in Sinter Ore by Rietveld Method (2016)

Quantification techniques of mineral phases in iron ore sinter has been developed by using Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns and applied to iron ore sinters made by the sinter pot test in a laboratory. Rietveld refinements successfully determined phase fractions and structural parameters in co-existing phases such as hematite (α-Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), multi-component calcium-ferrites (SFCA: Ca2 (Ca, Fe, Al)6 (Fe, Al, Si)6O20 and SFCA-I: Ca2(Ca, Fe)3 (Ca, Fe, Al)8 (Fe, Al)8 O20) and other minor phases.
Using Deep Convolutional Networks for Gesture Recognition in American Sign Language (2017)

In the realm of multimodal communication, sign language is, and continues to be, one of the most understudied areas. In line with recent advances in the field of deep learning, there are far reaching implications and applications that neural networks can have for sign language interpretation. In this paper, we present a method for using deep convolutional networks to classify images of both the the letters and digits in American Sign Language.
Upgrading and Repairing Personal Computers (1998)

From the Publisher:
Scott Mueller is making this edition the most complete reference to current technologies that he has ever written and his best book ever. Just a few of the many improvements for readers are: 
1. Completely revised approach: This edition has a new philosophy and organization based around Intel processor families, chipsets, and motherboards instead of the old IBM PC family approach
2. New Chapters: Totally new chapters on
-- Printer upgrades, repairs, and maintenance
-- File systems and data recovery
3. Restructured coverage of storage, I/O, and buses: Magnetic drive technologies are treated in a more integrated and cohesive fashion as well as other storage technologies. I/O and bus technologies has been reorganized to better address current new I/O and bus types such as PCI, AGP, and USB
4. Scott's focus on core chapters: Scott is doubling his efforts on the processor, motherboard, and memory coverage to add more current details. There are over 100 pages of new coverage on these core topics alone!
5. New CD-ROMs with features listed below. Updated and expanded glossary. Better coverage of hardware/OS dependencies and diagnostics.
<i>PDGFRA</i> Mutations in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Frequency, Spectrum and In Vitro Sensitivity to Imatinib (2005)

Including our cases, there are 289 reported PDGFRA-mutant GISTs, of which 181 (62.6%) had the imatinib-resistant substitution D842V. However, our findings suggest that more than one third of GISTs with PDGFRA mutations may respond to imatinib and that mutation screening may be helpful in the management of these tumors.
On the presence of two new high mobility group‐like proteins in HeLa S3 cells (1983)

Two phosphorylated HMG-like proteins with Mr approximately 10 000 have been isolated from HeLa S3 cells, one being present in metaphase and one in interphase cells. The amino acid compositions of these proteins are very similar but differ from the known HMG proteins. However, they exhibit similarities being rich in proline, basic and acidic amino acids. A possible role in chromatin condensation of the HMG-like protein characteristic for metaphase cells is suggested.
Efficient TTP-free mental poker protocols (2005)

Zhao et al proposed an efficient mental poker protocol which did not require using a trusted third party (TTP). The protocol is efficient and suitable for any number of players but it introduces a security flaw. In this paper, we propose two mental poker protocols based on Zhao's previous work. The security flaw has been removed and the additional computing cost is small.
Fusion expression of<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>neutrophil-activating protein in<i>E.coli</i> (2005)

Recombinant protein rMBP-NAP might be a novel antigen for vaccine development against H pylori.
Collector‐Shell Mesoporous Electrodes for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (2008)

Abstract We present results for dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) electrodes based on high surface area indium tin oxide (ITO) coated with an active TiO 2 layer. This design, denoted as a “collector‐shell electrode”, ensures a distance of several nanometers between the TiO 2 ‐electrolyte interface and the current collector throughout the porous electrode, in contrast to several micrometers associated with the standard electrode. The new design also enables an inherent screening capability due to the high doping level of the conductive core matrix. Therefore, the importance of this electrode configuration is its ability to overcome the collection and image field problems in DSSCs, especially for solid‐state hole–conductor‐based devices. Efficiencies of 1.37% for cells containing ITO‐TiO 2 collector‐shell electrodes and 1.63% for similar electrodes that received an additional coating of a thin MgO layer were achieved. We expect greater cell performance improvement after optimization of the nature and the size of conductive material particles, the TiO 2 shell thickness and uniformity, and the barrier layer(s) properties.
Developing an Ontological FAQ System with FAQ Processing and Ranking Techniques for Ubiquitous Services (2008)

This paper proposed an ontological FAQ system on the Personal Computer domain, which employs ontology as the key technique to pre-process FAQs and process user query in ubiquitous information environments. It is also equipped with an enhanced ranking technique to present retrieved, query-relevant results. Basically, the system bases on the wrapper technique to help clean, retrieve, and transform FAQ information collected from a heterogeneous environment and stores it in an ontological database. Our experiments show the system does improve precision rate and produces better ranking results.
Pharmacokinetics of Alcide®, a germicidal compound in rat (1983)

Alcide is a germicidal compound which is currently being used as a liquid sterilizer. This agent has the ability to kill a wide range of bacteria, viruses and fungi in vitro within 1 min. The active ingredients in this sterilizer are sodium chlorite and lactic acid. The kinetics of 36Cl-labelled liquid Alcide were studied in rats. After oral administration, the peak plasma level was obtained in 8 h. The half life for 36Cl absorption from plasma was 8.03 h, corresponding to a rate constant of 0.086 h-1, while the half life for 36Cl elimination from plasma was 48.02 h, corresponding to a rate constant of 0.014 h-1. At 144 h, radioactivity was highest in plasma followed by lung, kidney, skin, bone marrow, stomach, ovary, duodenum, ileum, spleen, fat, brain, liver and carcass. The greatest amount of activity in whole blood was present in plasma. Subcellular distribution revealed that 85% of the activity in the liver homogenate resided in the cytosol. Seventy per cent of total activity in plasma was located in the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) supernant, with 30% bound to the precipitated protein fraction. Urinary excretion accounted for most of the 36Cl eliminated. Radioactivity was excreted as chloride and chlorite in urine.
.ALPHA.-Substituted 1-Aryl-3-dimethylaminopropanone Hydrochlorides: Potent Cytotoxins towards Human WiDr Colon Cancer Cells (2007)

A series of 1-aryl-2-dimethylaminomethyl-2-propenone hydrochlorides 1 were prepared which possessed IC(50) values of less than 10 microM when examined towards human WiDr colon cancer cells. The related 1-aryl-2-dimethylaminomethyl-3-hydroxypropanone hydrochlorides 2, formed by hydration of the analogs in series 1, also had IC(50) values in the low micromolar range. On the other hand, conversion of 2-dimethylaminomethyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-propenone hydrochloride 1c into the corresponding 2-mercaptoethanol of adduct 3c led to a 37-fold reduction in potency. Two thirds of the compounds prepared in this study were more potent than a reference drug cisplatin while one third of these molecules displayed greater cytotoxicity to the WiDr cells than human CRL-2522 fibroblasts. A stability study of the 4-nitrophenyl analog in each of the series 1-3 in deuterium oxide was undertaken. In the case of 1c, replacement of the dimethylamino hydrochloride group by a hydroxy function was noted while in series 2, the loss of both water and dimethylamine hydrochloride gave rise to a mixture of two enones. The mercaptoethanol adduct 3c underwent deamination. The data obtained provide guidelines for amplifying the project in the future.