gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ambidextrous supply chain as a dynamic capability: building a resilient supply chain (2016)

Purpose – Developing ambidexterity as a dynamic capability is important for firms to sustain their competitive advantage. Moreover, this capability allows firms to build the resiliency to mitigate enterprise risks. The purpose of this paper is to apply two main theoretical frames from the strategy literature, dynamic capabilities, and organizational ambidexterity, to supply chain management (SCM) to examine mitigation strategies for supply chain (SC) disruptions. The authors empirically investigated how the firm’s SC ambidexterity is developed through a dynamic capability-building process and how this, in turn, can mitigate the negative impact of SC disruptions and improve business performance. Design/methodology/approach – This study conducted a field survey to answer the research questions as there exists no archival database with detailed information on ambidextrous SC strategies and dynamic capability. A total of 316 usable responses were received from managers working in the SC area. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were run on SPSS (version 16.0) and AMOS (version 18.0) to test the hypotheses to answer research questions. Findings – Overall, the results of the study confirmed that a dynamic SC capability-building process is an antecedent of SC ambidexterity, and that SC ambidexterity is important to firms as it mitigate the negative impact of SC disruptions and enhance business performance. To take advantage of an ambidextrous SC, through minimizing the negative impact of SC disruptions and maximizing firm performance, firms should continually search for creative ways to satisfy new market needs and adapt to the fast changing business environment. Originality/value – This study applied a dynamic capability-building process and ambidexterity to SCM. From the resilient SC perspective, the study found that the ability to effectively utilize existing resources and create novel strategies for problem solving plays a critical role in addressing SC disruptions.
Delineation and comparison of ganglioside-binding epitopes for the toxins of Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium tetani: evidence for overlapping epitopes. (1994)

Binding studies of various glycolipids, mainly belonging to the ganglio series, to the toxins isolated from Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium tetani have been performed, using the microtiter well assay. By using the found binding preferences in conjunction with minimum-energy conformations obtained from molecular modeling of the various ligands, binding epitopes on the natural receptor glycolipids for the toxins have been defined. The binding preferences for the cholera toxin and the heat-labile E. coli toxin are very similar, with the ganglioside GM1 being the most efficient ligand. The tetanus toxin binds strongly to gangliosides of the G1b series, with GT1b as the most efficient ligand. It is found that the binding epitope on GM1 for the cholera and heat-labile toxins to a large extent overlaps with the epitope on GQ1b for the tetanus toxin.
Squalene recovery from palm fatty acid distillate using supercritical fluid extraction (2012)

The objective of this research is recovery of squalene from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The extraction process was performed by using the SFE and recovered squalene was analyzed from total lipid extracts using HPLC. A central composite design was used to study the effect of SFE variables namely pressure (X1) from 200 to 400 bar and temperature (X2) from 40 to 600C on the total lipid extracts (Y1) and squalene concentration (Y2) and optimize the SFE conditions. The nonlinear regression equations were significantly (p 0.965), which had no indication of lack of fit. The results indicated that a combined pressure (200 bar) and temperature (500C) was predicted to provide the optimum region in terms of total lipid extracts (13.84 ± 0.52%) and squalene concentration (418.31 ± 18.40 ppm) studied.
ChemInform Abstract: QUATERNARY AMMONIUM ENOLATES AS SYNTHETIC INTERMEDIATES. TRIMETHYLSILYLACETATE‐ A NEW CLASS OF SILYLATING REAGENT FOR KETONES AND ALCOHOLS (1976)

Abstract Die Verfasser zeigen an der Silylierung von verschiedenen Ketonen und Alkoholen mit Äthyl‐trimethylsilylacetat (II) in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen an Tetra‐n‐butylammoniumfluorid, daß das Silylacetat ein ausgezeichnetes Silylierungsmittel bei milden Reaktionsbedingungen ist.
Antiarsonate antibody response: a model for studying antibody diversity. (1982)

The use of two polyclonal activators, dextran sulfate (DxS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with or without the presence of additional antigen, is presented here as a system for exploring the antibody response of normal (naive) amd primed B cells. This system expands populations of cells not normally observed under in vivo regulation. By fusing such unnaturally activated B cells, anti-p-azophenylarsonate hybrids were produced that secrete different isotypes of antibodies. The frequencies of isotopes expressed by these hybrids may correspond to the chromosomal order of the heavy chain genes because greater numbers of IgM- and IgG3-secreting hybrids were produced than IgG2a hybrids. Only one IgA hybrid was observed. When DxS and LPS were used to stimulate antigen-primed B cells, hybrids were generated that simultaneously secrete two isotopes of antibody. These hybrids may represent a model of the antigen-stimulated maturational class-switch step observed in normal B cells that involves the expression of IgM and IgG isotypes by the same cell. Such hybrids offer an opportunity to study antibody regulation and diversity by examining the rearrangement of genes during the Ig switch, by exploring the nature of the necessary transitions of mRNA transcription and translation to produce functional antibodies, and by probing the structure and specificity of such antibodies.
Characteristics and Serologic Studies of Two Serotypes of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Turkeys (1982)

Two serotypes of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) were distinguished using the virus-neutralization test. An IBDV isolate from chickens, two commercial IBDV vaccine viruses, and an IBDV isolate from turkeys were designated serotype I. Two IBDV isolates from turkeys were designated serotype II. A common antigen shared by serotype I and serotype II viruses was detected using an indirect immunofluorescent assay. The virions of both IBDV serotypes were determined to be nonenveloped icosahedrons with diameters ranging from 58 to 60 nm. The virion densities of one serotype I isolate and two serotype II isolates were similar (1.32 g/ml). Twenty-three turkey breeder flocks and 22 commercial turkey flocks from Ohio, North Carolina, and Indiana were tested for antibodies to the two IBDV serotypes. Seventy percent of the 23 breeder flocks had antibody titers to serotype I, and 75% had antibody titers to serotype II. None of the 22 commercial flocks had antibodies to serotype I, and 77% had antibody titers to serotype II. Antibodies to serotype I were detected only in breeder flocks that were vaccinated using a commercial serotype I IBDV vaccine. Only antibodies to serotype II viruses were naturally widespread in the flocks tested.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting with special reference to risk factors and prevention in laparoscopic surgery (1998)

The current incidence, risk factors and prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were prospectively evaluated in 1703 inpatients. The objectives of the study were: 1) to create a predictive model based on patient characteristics in order to enable the estimation of the risk for PONV, 2) to ascertain the antiemetic efficacy of prophylactic intravenous ondansetron in comparison with droperidol and placebo against PONV following laparoscopic surgery, and 3) to evaluate the antiemetic effectiveness of combining ondansetron with a low dose of droperidol in high‐risk inpatients. The incidence of nausea and vomiting after common surgical procedures was high. In the recovery room, the overall incidence of nausea and vomiting was 18% and 5%, respectively, and over the whole 24‐h observation period the respective figures were 52% and 25%. The most significant predictive factors associated with an increased risk for the symptoms were female sex, a previous history of postoperative nausea and vomiting, a history of motion sickness, a longer duration of surgery and non‐smoking. Based on these five items, a risk score predicting nausea and vomiting was constructed with a moderately good discriminating power, as judged from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Intravenous ondansetron 4 mg was ineffective in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A higher dose of prophylactic ondansetron 8 mg effectively reduced the incidence and alleviated the intensity of PONV in women scheduled to have laparoscopy for gynaecological and general surgical procedures, as compared with placebo. The antiemetic efficacy of prophylactic ondansetron 8 mg and droperidol 1.25 mg was similar as for overall nausea during the 24‐h observation period, but ondansetron seemed to be slightly more efficacious in preventing vomiting. Both ondansetron and droperidol were well‐tolerated with only minor side‐effects. In a high‐risk, female, inpatient laparoscopic population, with a mean estimated risk of 65% for PONV, prophylactically administered ondansetron 8 mg in combination with either a 0.75 mg or 1.25 mg dose of droperidol reduced the incidence of post‐operative nausea to 35% and that of vomiting to 15% during the first 24 h after surgery. Of these drug combinations, the smaller dose of droperidol resulted in less postoperative sedation than the higher dose; both combinations being otherwise equally well‐tolerated without serious adverse events. These results indicate that postoperative nausea and vomiting can, to some extent, be predicted by a few patient characteristics, and in laparoscopic surgery ‐ which is associated with an increased risk for PONV ‐ the incidence can be reduced with either a single dose of ondansetron or droperidol or a combination of these drugs.
Erratum: ‘‘Response mechanism of nematic liquid crystals using the in-plane switching mode’’ [Appl. Phys. Lett. <b>69</b>, 623 (1996)] (1996)

First Page
Release of Respiratory Control in Particles from Micrococcus denitrificans by Ion-Translocating Antibiotics (1971)

A study was made of the ability of ion-translocating antibiotics to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in particles prepared from Micrococcus denitrificans. These particles posses respiratory control. Uncoupling was observed as an approximately 3-fold stimulation of the basal rate of respiration. Addition of valinomycin uncoupled in the presence of NH4+ or a combination of K+ and nigericin. Addition of a high concentration of gramicidin (10 μg/mg protein) uncoupled in the absence of added cations or other antibiotics. Addition of a low concentration of gramicidin (0.1 μg/mg protein) uncoupled only in the presence of NH4+ or a combination of Na+ and monensin. It is concluded that the orientation of the particle membrane of Micrococcus denitrificans is opposite to that of the intact cell membrane.
Fluorescence Microscopic Demonstration of Cathepsin K Activity as the Major Lysosomal Cysteine Proteinase in Osteoclasts (1998)

The enzyme activity of lysosomal cysteine proteinases in vital rabbit osteoclasts and mouse osteoclast-like cells was visualized with Z-Leu-Arg-4-methoxy-beta-naphthylamide (Z-LR-MNA) as the enzyme substrate. The MNA liberated by proteolysis forms a fluorescent insoluble Schiff-base product in the presence of 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde. Many small fluorescent particles, endproducts of the Z-LR-MNA hydrolysis, were observed in proximity to the bone surface underneath the actively resorbing osteoclasts, as well as in the cytoplasm. The Z-LR-MNA hydrolase activity was markedly diminished by bafilomycin A1 and chloroquine treatment. Moreover, the activity was completely inhibited by cysteine proteinase inhibitors such as leupeptin and E-64d, but not by other classes of proteinase inhibitors. About 60% of the hydrolase activity in mouse osteoclast-like cells was immunoabsorbed by anti-cathepsin K antibody-coupled Sepharose CL-4B beads, and about 10% of the activity was absorbed with the anti-cathepsin L antibody-coupled beads. Thus, the majority of the Z-LR-MNA hydrolase activity in osteoclasts was derived from cathepsin K. In contrast, using the same substrate in the assay, no detectable cathepsin K activity was observed in mouse peritoneal macrophages. The abundant cathepsin K activity in osteoclasts would therefore indicate a significant role of this enzyme in bone matrix degradation.
Wearable and Highly Sensitive Graphene Strain Sensors for Human Motion Monitoring (2014)

Sensing strain of soft materials in small scale has attracted increasing attention. In this work, graphene woven fabrics (GWFs) are explored for highly sensitive sensing. A flexible and wearable strain sensor is assembled by adhering the GWFs on polymer and medical tape composite film. The sensor exhibits the following features: ultra‐light, relatively good sensitivity, high reversibility, superior physical robustness, easy fabrication, ease to follow human skin deformation, and so on. Some weak human motions are chosen to test the notable resistance change, including hand clenching, phonation, expression change, blink, breath, and pulse. Because of the distinctive features of high sensitivity and reversible extensibility, the GWFs based piezoresistive sensors have wide potential applications in fields of the displays, robotics, fatigue detection, body monitoring, and so forth.
Efficient transmission of ARQ feedback for EGPRS radio link control (2003)

ARQ feedback in enhanced general packet radio service (EGPRS) is provided through the use of bitmaps that indicate the receipt status of individual radio link control (RLC) blocks. The use of a robust coding and modulation scheme for the transmission of ARQ feedback limits the length of the bitmap that can be accommodated in a single feedback message to a fraction of the receiver window. Depending on the feedback frequency, round trip delay and the rate of transmission of RLC blocks, incomplete feedback may cause considerable protocol stalling. In this paper, the loss of throughput due to partial feedback is characterized. We also propose various techniques that minimize protocol stalling through the efficient transmission of multiple non-overlapping bitmaps that cover the receiver window. Simulation results show the relative benefits of the proposed techniques.
Predictive windows for delay compensation in telepresence applications (2002)

Predictive Kalman filters can be used to predict positions of a mouse when it is operated under some basic assumptions. This prediction can be used to estimate what portions of a larger image an operator wants to view. This paper discusses theory and experimentation being done at the University of Alberta using predictive Kalman filters to provide predictive windows for low bandwidth telepresence applications. We compare several state models used in prediction with each other and also with having no prediction, both with numerical measures, and on human subjects. We show that the constant velocity model provides the best prediction results.
Visual servoing for fast mobile robot: adaptive estimation of kinematic parameters (2002)

This paper addresses the problem of estimating the kinematic parameters of a relative motion between a mobile robot and an unknown obstacle. The authors use the information issued from a camera coupled with a laser stripe. In the first part, an adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) is proposed to perform this estimation, the performances of this method are displayed for a complex motion example realized in simulation. In the second part, two parallel implementation methods of this filter are investigated, the first is data oriented and the second one is based on the properties of the filter. In the third part, the authors describe the hardware implementation which has been realized on transputer boards and give the calibration results and performances of this system. Finally, a real application on a laboratory mobile robot is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fixed-polarizer ellipsometry: a simple technique to measure the thickness of very thin films (1999)

The fixed-polarizer ellipsometer measures thickness of thin films. It is simple, inexpensive, and provides a linear response over a range of 800 A. We develop a matrix formulation to describe the optical characteristics of the instrument and apply it to the case of a single thin film on a substrate. Excellent agreement is found between experimental and simulated results. Applying the instrument to optical immunoassay, we show that its sensitivity can extend to 4 pg/ml, depending upon the analyte. This compares favorably with commercially available manual and automated immunoassay systems. The fixed-polarizer ellipsometer appears to be well-suited for use in laboratory and production environ- ments. © 1999 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(99)02205-9)
Partial clinical response to 2 weeks of 2 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to the right parietal cortex in depression (2008)

The aim of this treatment study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the right parietal cortex in depression. In a double-blind, sham-controlled design ten consecutive sessions of 2 Hz rTMS (inter-pulse interval 0.5 s) at 90% motor threshold to the right parietal cortex (2400 pulses per session) were applied to 34 patients with the primary diagnosis of DSM-IV depression and a score of > or =15 on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD). The primary outcome measures were the percentage change from baseline on the 17-item HAMD scores after ten sessions, and the percentage of clinical (defined as > or =50% reduction in HAMD score) and partial clinical (defined as > or =30% reduction in HAMD score) responders. Reduction of HAMD scores in the real rTMS treatment (mean real+/-S.D., -19.9+/-32.5%) was not statistically different from the sham rTMS treatment (mean sham+/-S.D., -5.6+/-28.4%), and the number of clinical responders did not differ between treatments. However, a significant greater number of partial clinical responders were observed in the real (43.8%) compared to the sham rTMS treatment (6.3%). This study provides the first evidence showing that 2 Hz rTMS over the right parietal cortex may have antidepressant properties, and warrants further research.
Symbolic macro test for DSP systems applied to a voice coder application (2002)

The authors present a hierarchical symbolic macro test approach for heterogeneous systems applied to a complex voice coder application. This design has been generated with the Cathedral high-level synthesis environment and obeys the Macro design and test concept. The proposed test approach starts by generating the test set for all the primitive macro's (PLAs, ROMs, RAMs, data path building blocks, multi-level logic FSMs) using dedicated test generation tools. Then these test sets are assembled at the data path and system level using our new symbolic macro test method to obtain a test program for the whole voice coder chip. The method efficiently supports partial scan, reconvergent paths, varying word lengths of connections and test compaction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Solute Transport in Cyclically Deformed Porous Tissue Scaffolds with Controlled Pore Cross-Sectional Geometries (2009)

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pore geometry on the transport rate and depth after repetitive mechanical deformation of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Flexible cubic imaging phantoms with pores in the shape of a circular cylinder, elliptic cylinder, and spheroid were fabricated from a biodegradable polymer blend using a combined 3D printing and injection molding technique. The specimens were immersed in fluid and loaded with a solution of a radiopaque solute. The solute distribution was quantified by recording 20 microm pixel-resolution images in an X-ray microimaging scanner at selected time points after intervals of dynamic straining with a mean strain of 8.6+/-1.6% at 1.0 Hz. The results show that application of cyclic strain significantly increases the rate and depth of solute transport, as compared to diffusive transport alone, for all pore shapes. In addition, pore shape, pore size, and the orientation of the pore cross-sectional asymmetry with respect to the direction of strain greatly influence solute transport. Thus, pore geometry can be tailored to increase transport rates and depths in cyclically deformed scaffolds, which is of utmost importance when thick, metabolically functional tissues are to be engineered.
Beam coupling in photorefractive BaTiO_3 crystals (1987)

Beam-coupling experiments are carried out with two BaTiO(3) crystals as a function of the intensity and wavelength. We demonstrate in these experiments that hole-electron competition is not the only mechanism responsible for the anomalous behavior of photorefractive BaTiO(3) crystals. We find that the intensity-dependent absorption coefficient plays a major role in beam-coupling experiments.
Metal Oxide Thin Films Grafted on Silica Gel Surfaces: Recent Advances on the Analytical Application of these Materials (2001)

Nos xidos metlicos M x O y altamente dispersos como monocamadas finas sobre a superfcie porosa de SiO 2 (denominados como SiO 2 /M x O y ), a ligao covalente Si-O-M formada sobre a superfcie SiO 2 restringe a mobilidade dos xidos ancorados resultando em xidos metlicos coordenativamente insaturados (LAS) em adio aos stios cidos de Brnsted (BAS). Os BAS originam-se dos grupos MOH e SiOH, sendo o ltimo devido aos grupos silanis no reagidos. Como os xidos ancorados esto fortemente imobilizados sobre a superficie, eles so tambm muito estveis termicamente. O carter anfotrico de muitos dos xidos ancorados, permite a imobilizao de vrias espcies qumicas, cidos ou bases, resultando em uma ampla aplicao destes materiais com superfcies modificadas. Neste trabalho, muitas das recentes aplicaes dos xidos metlicos ancorados superfcie da slica so descritas, tais como adsorventes seletivos, em processos de pr-concentrao, como materiais de recheio para uso em HPLC, suporte para imobilizao de enzimas, eletrodos amperomtricos, sensores e biossensores.
Association of Pembrolizumab With Tumor Response and Survival Among Patients With Advanced Melanoma (2016)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01295827.
Synthesis of a new olefin polymerization catalyst supported by an sp3-C donor via insertion of a ligand-appended alkene into the Hf–C bond of a neutral pyridylamidohafnium trimethyl complex (2008)

A new living and isoselective propylene polymerization precatalyst was generated via the intramolecular insertion of a ligand-appended vinyl group into the Hf-C bond of a neutral pyridylamidohafnium trimethyl complex.
ChemInform Abstract: METHYLATION OF 3‐NITRO‐1,2,4‐TRIAZOL‐5‐ONE (1980)

Abstract Methylierungen der Titelverbindung (I) mit Dimethylsulfat/NaOH liefern bei Einsatz von 1 Äquivalent Methylierungsreagenz ‐ Gemische der Monomethylderivate (II)‐(IV), bei Einsatz von 2 Äquivalenten Me2SO4/NaOH entstehen überwiegend die Dimethylderivate (V) und (VI).