gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules (NCAM) and NCAM-PSA Expression in Neuroendocrine Lung Tumors (1998)

Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) represent specific markers of neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation in lung cancer. Because the polysialic acid form (NCAM-PSA) has reduced adhesion properties, we hypothesized that NCAM-PSA expression could favor metastatic spread. Immunostaining of NCAM and NCAM-PSA were therefore compared in 120 NE lung tumors, including 17 typical carcinoids, 3 atypical carcinoids, 30 large cell NE carcinomas and 70 small cell lung carcinomas, as compared with 25 adenocarcinomas and 25 squamous cell carcinomas. Neural cell adhesion molecules were negative in adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas but were constantly expressed in all NE tumors from typical carcinoids to small cell lung carcinomas. NCAM-PSA expression was significantly more frequent in high-grade tumors, with 24 of 30 positive cases in large cell NE carcinomas and 65 of 70 positive cases in small cell lung carcinoma, than in carcinoids with 10 of 17 and 2 of 3 positive cases in typical carcinoids and atypical carcinoids, respectively. The neural cell adhesion molecule-polysialic acid form scores of staining were significantly higher in high-grade as compared with low-grade tumors (p = 0.002), and were correlated with nodal spread (p = 0.04) and metastasis (p = 0.016) across histologic classes but not in individual tumor type. We conclude that NCAM-PSA connotes poor differentiation and aggressive clinical behavior in the spectrum of NE lung tumors, but cannot be regarded as a prognostic factor in individual tumor classes.
Ytterbium- and Dysprosium-EOB-DTPA (1996)

Metal complexes of the EOB-DTPA type, especially those of Gd and Yb seem to be useful as iodine-free liver-specific contrast agents for CT.
An Aromatic Microdomain at the Cannabinoid CB<sub>1</sub> Receptor Constitutes an Agonist/Inverse Agonist Binding Region (2003)

The cannabinoid CB(1) receptor transmembrane helix (TMH) 3-4-5-6 region includes an aromatic microdomain comprised of residues F3.25, F3.36, W4.64, Y5.39, W5.43, and W6.48. In previous work, we have demonstrated that aromaticity at position 5.39 in CB(1) is crucial for proper function of CB(1). Modeling studies reported here suggest that in the inactive state of CB(1), the binding site of the CB(1) inverse agonist/antagonist SR141716A is within the TMH3-4-5-6 aromatic microdomain and involves direct aromatic stacking interactions with F3.36, Y5.39, and W5.43, as well as hydrogen bonding with K3.28. Further, modeling studies suggest that in the active state of CB(1), the CB agonist WIN55,212-2 binds in this same aromatic microdomain, with direct aromatic stacking interactions with F3.36, W5.43, and W6.48. In contrast, in the binding pocket model, the CB agonist anandamide binds in the TMH2-3-6-7 region in which hydrogen bonding and C-H.pi interactions appear to be important. Only one TMH3 aromatic residue, F3.25, was found to be part of the anandamide binding pocket. To probe the importance of the TMH3-4-5-6 aromatic microdomain to ligand binding, stable transfected cell lines were created for single-point mutations of each aromatic microdomain residue to alanine. Improper cellular expression of the W4.64A was observed and precluded further characterization of this mutation. The affinity of the cannabinoid agonist CP55,940 was unaffected by the F3.25A, F3.36A, W5.43A, or W6.48A mutations, making CP55,940 an appropriate choice as the radioligand for binding studies. The binding of SR141716A and WIN55,212-2 were found to be affected by the F3.36A, W5.43A, and W6.48A mutations, suggesting that these residues are part of the binding site for these two ligands. Only the F3.25A mutation was found to affect the binding of anandamide, suggesting a divergence in binding site regions for anandamide from WIN55,212-2, as well as SR141716A. Taken together, these results support modeling studies that identify the TMH3-4-5-6 aromatic microdomain as the binding region of SR141716A and WIN55,212-2, but not of anandamide.
Multicasting in a linear lightwave network (2002)

Dynamic routing algorithms are proposed for setting up multicast connections in a linear lightwave network (LLN). The problem of finding a physical path for the multicast connection so as to satisfy all the constraints in the LLN is shown to be NP-complete, and a heuristic approach is presented. An algorithm is presented that decomposes the LLN into edge disjoint trees with at least one spanning tree. A multicast call is allocated a physical path on one of the trees, using the smallest component tree (SCT) or the minimum interference tree (MIT) criterion. Finally, the call is allocated the least used channel from among channels that can be allocated to it. The best performance (low blocking probability) is obtained when the LLN is decomposed into many spanning trees, each of them having a small diameter. It is also found that the selection of trees for each call using the MIT criterion exhibits better performance than with the SCT criterion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[Treatment of endemic scabies with allethrin, permethrin and ivermectin. Evaluation of a treatment strategy]. (2001)

Our strategy for eradication of endemic scabies has proven effective. Allethrin can be used following the package inpermethrin is more effective and can also be used in children, as well as pregnant and nursing women. Ivermectin is particularly useful in treating crusted scabies. It is not approved for scabies in Germany so the patients must be accordingly counseled. The frequency and the major therapeutic problems in treating endemic scabies make it important to work for the approval of permethrin and ivermectin in this setting.
Interpretation of Carbon-13 NMR Spectra (1988)

Basic Principles: History of Carbon-13 NMR, Relaxation and Nuclear Overhauser Effect, Instrumental Requirements The Spectral Parameters: The Chemical Shift, Spin- Spin Coupling Experimental Techniques for Spectral Assignment: Summary of Methods, Proton Decoupling Techniques, Polarization Transfer and Related Experiments, Selective Excitation, Two- Dimensional Experiments, Carbon-Carbon Connectivity Experiments, Lanthanide Shift Reagents, Chemical Shift Comparison, Isotope Effect, Solid State 13 C NMR Nuclear Spin Relaxation: Correlation and Spectral Density Function, Dipole-Dipole Relaxation, Other Relaxation Mechanisms, Anisotropic Rotational Diffusion, Experimental Techniques for the Measurement of T 1, and the Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE), Temperature and Concentration Dependence of the Rotational Correlation Time, Relative Contributions from Individual Relaxation Mechanisms Applications: Structure Elucidation of Organic Molecules, Dynamic Processes, Conformational Analysis, 2-D Techniques for the Elucidation of Exchange, Rotamer Equilibria, Macromolecules, Solid-State 13 C NMR Applications, Mechanistic Studies, Spin- Lattice Relaxation and Nuclear Overhauser Studies, Quantitative, Analysis.
Efficacy of Kemron (low dose oral natural human interferon alpha) in the management of HIV-1 infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). (1990)

One hundred and ninety nine symptomatic and 5 asymptomatic patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were treated with KEMRON, a natural human interferon alpha (nHIF alpha) stabilized in a complex polysacchariche carrier. Treatment was given for at least 10 weeks at a daily oral dose of approximately 2.0 IU of nHIF alpha per kg body weight. Karnofsky performance score increased from an average of 60.5 on entry into the study to 100 by the 10th week after treatment. Similarly, common clinical complaints associated with HIV-1 infection rapidly reduced per patient from an average of 3.8 to 0.05 and 0 by week 8 and 10 of treatment. Eighteen of the patients serodeconverted by both ELISA and western blot assays during the study period. These observations suggest that KEMRON used as recommended is beneficial in HIV-1 seropositive individuals.
Optimal entrainment of neural oscillator ensembles (2012)

In this paper, we derive the minimum-energy periodic control that entrains an ensemble of structurally similar neural oscillators to a desired frequency. The state-space representation of a nominal oscillator is reduced to a phase model by computing its limit cycle and phase response curve, from which the optimal control is derived by using formal averaging and the calculus of variations. We focus on the case of a 1:1 entrainment ratio and suggest a simple numerical method for approximating the optimal controls. The method is applied to asymptotically control the spiking frequency of neural oscillators modeled using the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Simulations are used to illustrate the optimality of entrainment controls derived using phase models when applied to the original state-space system, which is crucial for using phase models in control synthesis for practical applications. This work addresses a fundamental problem in the field of neural dynamics and provides a theoretical contribution to the optimal frequency control of uncertain oscillating systems.
Investigation of Nanoporous Thin-Film Alumina Templates (2004)

This paper presents the results of a systematic study of the fabrication of thin-film alumina templates on silicon and other substrates. Such templates are of significant interest for the low-cost implementation of semiconductor and metal nanostructure arrays. In addition, thin-film alumina templates on silicon have the potential for nanostructure integration with silicon electronics. Formation of thin-film alumina templates on silicon substrates was investigated under different fabrication conditions, and the dependence of pore morphology and pore formation rate on process parameters was evaluated. In addition, process conditions for improved pore size distribution and periodicity were determined. The template/silicon interface, important for nanostructure integration on silicon, was investigated using capacitance-voltage measurements and electron microscopy, and was found to be of good device quality. Formation of thin-film alumina templates on nonsilicon substrates such as glass, indium-tin-oxide-coated glass, and silicon carbide was also investigated. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Digital Phase-Locked Loop for Induction Motor Speed Control (1979)

The study of the speed control of induction motor drive using digital phase-locked loop is discussed. The block diagram and the control circuitry have been outlined. A mathematical model has been developed to predict the system performance. Different types of filters have been considered as part of the feedback control system, and their effects on the overall system behavior have been qualitatively studied. The system is tested using a 5-hp induction motor and an integrating type filter. Excellent speed regulation in the order of 0.002 percent has been obtained.
The role of the near upstream sequence in hypoxia-induced expression of the erythropoietin gene (1996)

Transcription of the erythropoietin (epo) gene is regulated in response to tissue hypoxia. In this study we show that constructs containing 117 bp of the epo promoter sequence cloned upstream of a luciferase reporter, respond to hypoxia when transfected into the human hepatoma cell line, Hep3B. The sequence -61 to -45 (EP17) relative to the transcription start of the murine epo gene imparted an approximately 4-fold induction of reporter gene expression due to hypoxia. Internal deletion of EP17 resulted in loss of induction by hypoxia without altering basal expression of the 117 bp epo promoter reporter construct. Mutagenesis studies showed that the bases at positions -53, -59, from -49 to -51 and from -55 to -57 are essential for hypoxic induction. The EP17 sequence is required for the 3' enhancer element of the epo gene to be maximally functional. Gel shift and UV cross-linking experiments showed the presence in Hep3B nuclear extracts, of two protein factors with approximate molecular weights of 52 kDa and 25 kDa that bind to EP17. Introduction of specific mutations in the EP17 region that abolish induction by hypoxia, also eliminated the binding of one or both of these factors. These experiments demonstrate a role for the proximal region of the epo promoter in hypoxic induction of the epo gene.
Human Synovial Fluid: Detection of a New Component (1967)

A new component has been detected in synovial fluid by the agar double-diffusion technique. This component is closely related immunologically to the proteinpolysaccharides of cartilage, and is the first probable degradation product of the cartilage matrix to be consistently identified in human synovial fluid.
The cellular source of interleukin-6 during Listeria infection (1993)

The cellular source of interleukin-6 (IL-6) during infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Peritoneal cells taken at intervals from infected mice and cultured in vitro without added stimulus produced high titers of IL-6 peaking 2 days postinfection in a time course similar to that observed in vivo. Adherent cells with the morphology of macrophages were a major source of this IL-6. Spleen cells similarly harvested at intervals and cultured with heat-killed Listeria or heat-killed Brucella organisms as specific and nonspecific stimuli, respectively, showed two distinct IL-6 responses: (i) an early-phase response up to 5 days after infection when IL-6 production was elicited by either a specific or nonspecific stimulus, and when depletion of T cells had no effect, and (ii) a later response 7 to 10 days after infection when very high levels of IL-6 were produced in response to a specific stimulus. This response was lost when T cells were depleted in vitro or in vivo or in spleen cell cultures from mice with severe combined immunodeficiency. However, studies in vivo failed to show an important role for T cells governing serum IL-6. We conclude that most of IL-6 detected in vivo is produced by nonlymphocytes. Whether IL-6 produced by T lymphocytes in local foci of infection has any role in resolution of that infection is unknown.
DNA methylation: evolution of a bacterial immune function into a regulator of gene expression and genome structure in higher eukaryotes (1990)

The amino acid sequence of mammalian DNA methyltransferase has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of a cloned cDNA. It appears that the mammalian enzyme arose during evolution via fusion of a prokaryotic restriction methyltransferase gene and a second gene of unknown function. Mammalian DNA methyltransferase currently comprises an N-terminal domain of about 1000 amino acids that may have a regulatory role and a C-terminal 570 amino acid domain that retains similarities to bacterial restriction methyltransferases. The sequence similarities among mammalian and bacterial DNA cytosine methyltransferases suggest a common evolutionary origin. DNA methylation is uncommon among those eukaryotes having genomes of less than 10(8) base pairs, but nearly universal among large-genome eukaryotes. This and other considerations make it likely that sequence inactivation by DNA methylation has evolved to compensate for the expansion of the genome that has accompanied the development of higher plants and animals. As methylated sequences are usually propagated in the repressed, nuclease-insensitive state, it is likely that DNA methylation compartmentalizes the genome to facilitate gene regulation by reducing the total amount of DNA sequence that must be scanned by DNA-binding regulatory proteins. DNA methylation is involved in immune recognition in bacteria but appears to regulate the structure and expression of the genome in complex higher eukaryotes. I suggest that the DNA-methylating system of mammals was derived from that of bacteria by way of a hypothetical intermediate that carried out selective de novo methylation of exogenous DNA and propagated the methylated DNA in the repressed state within its own genome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Amino acid sequence of rabbit factor H of complement. Purification of peptides produced by cyanogen bromide cleavage. (1988)

Rabbit factor H, a regulatory protein of complement, has a blocked N-terminus. After treatment with pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase, its N-terminus could be determined. The C-terminus of rabbit factor H was determined to be tyrosine by carboxypeptidase A treatment. The peptides produced by cyanogen bromide cleavage were purified by gel chromatography, followed by highperformance liquid chromatography. The N-terminal sequences of eight peptides thus purified were analyzed. When the sequence determined in this study was compared with that of mouse factor H derived from the complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) sequence, which has recently been reported by Kristensen and Tack, 100 of the 167 residues were identical with those of mouse factor H (about 60% homology).
Gouttes et émulsions (2009)

The combination of microfluidic manipulation of emulsion droplets and in vitro compartmentalization offers a means to parallelize biological and chemical assays in droplets. These droplets behave as independent microreactors that are produced, actuated and analyzed at rates of the order of 1000 droplets per seconds providing tools to parallelize assays on small volumes (pL to nL range) for high-throughput -screening: the throughput of the assays performed in droplets is 1000 times larger than the throughput of existing technologies, based on micromanipulation of liquid in microtitre plates by robotic devices. The droplet-based microfluidic technology enables controlled manipulation, analysis and sorting of cells, genes and macromolecules based on their enzymatic activities, as well as chemical compounds based on their activity on biological targets. The integration of microfluidic systems for a series of complex individual operations on droplets could offer a solution to the miniaturization and automation of biological assays, combined with a decrease of the assay volumes and an increase of throughput, going beyond the capacities of conventional screening systems.
Volatile Substances from Actinomycetes: Their Role in the Odor Pollution of Water (1979)

(1979). Volatile Substances from Actinomycetes: Their Role in the Odor Pollution of Water. CRC Critical Reviews in Microbiology: Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 191-214.
The 67-kDa laminin receptor originated from a ribosomal protein that acquired a dual function during evolution (1998)

The 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR) is a nonintegrin cell surface receptor that mediates high-affinity interactions between cells and laminin. Overexpression of this protein in tumor cells has been related to tumor invasion and metastasis. Thus far, only a full-length gene encoding a 37-kDa precursor protein (37LRP) has been isolated. The finding that the cDNA for the 37LRP is virtually identical to a cDNA encoding the ribosomal protein p40 has suggested that 37LRP is actually a component of the translational machinery, with no laminin-binding activity. On the other hand, a peptide of 20 amino acids deduced from the sequence of 37LR/p40 was shown to exhibit high laminin-binding activity. The evolutionary relationship between 23 sequences of 37LRP/p40 proteins was analyzed. This phylogenetic analysis indicated that all of the protein sequences derive from orthologous genes and that the 37LRP is indeed a ribosomal protein that acquired the novel function of laminin receptor during evolution. The evolutionary analysis of the sequence identified as the laminin-binding site in the human protein suggested that the acquisition of the laminin-binding capability is linked to the palindromic sequence LMWWML, which appeared during evolution concomitantly with laminin.
Modulation of Diverse Procoagulant Venom Activities by Combinations of Platinoid Compounds (2021)

Procoagulant snake venoms have been inhibited by the ruthenium containing compounds CORM-2 and RuCl<sub>3</sub> separately, presumably by interacting with critical histidine or other sulfur-containing amino acids on key venom enzymes. However, combinations of these and other platinoid containing compounds could potentially increase, decrease or not affect the procoagulant enzyme function of venom. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to determine if formulations of platinoid compounds could inhibit venom procoagulant activity and if the formulated compounds interacted to enhance inhibition. Using a human plasma coagulation kinetic model to assess venom activity, six diverse venoms were exposed to various combinations and concentrations of CORM-2, CORM-3, RuCl<sub>3</sub> and carboplatin (a platinum containing compound), with changes in venom activity determined with thrombelastography. The combinations of CORM-2 or CORM-3 with RuCl<sub>3</sub> were found to enhance inhibition significantly, but not in all venoms nor to the same extent. In sharp contrast, carboplatin-antagonized CORM-2 mediated the inhibition of venom activity. These preliminary results support the concept that platinoid compounds may inhibit venom enzymatic activity at the same or different molecular sites and may antagonize inhibition at the same or different sites. Further investigation is warranted to determine if platinoid formulations may serve as potential antivenoms.
[Infectivity inhibition of HIV prototype strains by antibodies directed against a peptide sequence of mycoplasma]. (1990)

Antibodies prepared against a peptide corresponding to the site of cyto-adherence of Mycoplasma genitalium adhesine inhibit or reduce the infectivity of the HIV-1BRU and HIV-2ROD strains of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in lymphoid cells. These results strengthen the hypothesis that some mycoplasmas may play an important part in HIV replication and pathogenicity.
Schlußbemerkung (1998)

Anliegen dieser Arbeit war die Darstellung japanischer Frauenarbeit im „Zeitalter der Chancengleichheit“ (kintô jidai). Der Wahrnehmungsperspektive der Frauen (als Akteurinnen), der Schilderung ihres Arbeitsumfelds und ausgewählter Erwerbsbiographien, wurde viel Platz eingeräumt in der Hoffnung, daß dies zur Veranschaulichung und Nachvollziehbarkeit einer nur scheinbar exotischen „Fremde” beiträgt. Das Herauspräparieren von Mustern und Strukturen der Frauenarbeit ist ein Untersuchungsschritt, der der Einschätzung der Verbreitung eben dieser Muster und Strukturen notwendigerweise vorausgehen muß: Nicht immer war es möglich, die quantitative Relevanz qualitativ-bestimmter Phänomene (de-segregierter Arbeitsplatzstrukturen und frauenspezifischer Mobilitätsmuster) auch nur annäherungsweise anzugeben.
Selective Cleavage of Unsymmetrical 2,2-Spiro-1,3-dioxolanes. II. Cleavage of Ketal Ring of 5'-Bromo-6',7'-dihydro-4-isopropylaminomethyl-1'-p-toluenesulfonyl-spiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,4'-(5H')-indole and Its Analogs (1982)

The bromodioxolane and its analogs (&-I) were treated w ~t h organic base (DBU, DBN, or morpholine), acid (p-toluenesulfonic acid or Lewis acid), or Lewis acid/tertiary amine, and yielded 4-alkoxyindoles (6-u).Reaction of 1 witb organic base gave two isomeric 4-alkoxyindoles, 6 (tosylpindolol, a secondary alcohol) and il (a primary alcohol), while tri-noctylamine witb stannic chloride afforded 6 (74 $) without producing 11.As reported in Part I of this series1, bromodioxolane 1 was prepared from 5bromo-l-p-taluenesulfonyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindol-4-one 18 by ketalization with epibrornohydrin or 3-bromo-1.2-prapanedioland subsequent amination with isopropylamine.Dehydrobromination of the dioxolane 1 in toluene with 5 M equivalents of
Music Emotion Tracking with Continuous Conditional Neural Fields and Relative Representation. (2014)

This working notes paper introduces the system proposed by the Rainbow group for the MediaEval Emotion in Music 2014 task. The task is concerned with predicting dynamic emotion labels for an excerpt of a song and for our approach we use Continuous Conditional Neural Fields and relative feature representation both of which have been developed or adapted by our group.