gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CXCR4 antagonist inhibits stromal cell-derived factor 1-induced migration and invasion of human pancreatic cancer (2004)

Abstract The stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 system is implicated in various instances of cell migration in mammals, including the migration of lymphocytes and the formation of metastases. We have recently synthesized a potent novel CXCR4 antagonist, TN14003. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in the pancreatic cancer metastasis via cell migration and invasion, and the inhibitory effect of TN14003 on pancreatic cancer cell metastasis. The expression of CXCR4 was detected in six pancreatic cancer cell lines by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. In migration and invasion assays, SDF-1 stimulated both migration and invasion of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal effect of SDF-1 was observed at 100 ng/ml. SDF-1-induced migration and invasion of cancer cells were completely blocked by 100 nm TN14003. The stimulatory effect of SDF-1 on cancer migration and the inhibitory effect of TN14003 were mediated via the alteration in phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Treatment of cancer cells with 100 ng/ml SDF-1 resulted in a significant increase of actin polymerization, which was reduced by 100 nm TN14003. SDF-1 enhanced cancer cell adhesion to laminin, which was not reversed by TN14003. Taken together, SDF-1/CXCR4 axis is involved in pancreatic cancer metastasis through migration and invasion. The small molecule antagonists against CXCR4 such as TN14003 might be an effective anti-metastatic agent for pancreatic cancer.
Cesium‐insensitive mutants of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (1993)

Summary The molecular analysis of solute transport across the plasma membrane in animals and microorganisms has been aided by the analysis of well‐defined transport mutants. To obtain mutant plants with genetic defects in cation transport, the inhibitory effect of monovalent cations (Li + , Na + , Rb + , and Cs + ) on Arabidopsis thaliana seed germination was tested. Cesium was unique in that at low concentrations it strongly inhibited seedling development. In this report it is demonstrated that cesium is a competitive inhibitor for potassium transport in A. thaliana and its toxicity is closely tied to the level of potassium supplied. Conditions were obtained to maximize the cesium‐sensitivity for seed germination in a large population, and selection for resistance using M 2 seeds derived from ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)‐treated plants yielded several dozen resistant plants. Seeds derived from these plants yielded cesium‐Insensitive mutant lines with heritable changes in energy‐dependent potassium uptake. In progeny from a backcross to wild‐type plants, at least one of the lines showed the segregation ratio expected for a single‐gene recessive mutation and an RFLP analysis mapped the mutant locus to the top of chromosome 4.
Foxp3 as a marker of tolerance induction versus rejection (2009)

Foxp3 CD4 T cells are frequently associated with rejection; however, this does not preclude their protective role and importance in tolerance induction.
Ultrahigh-Resolution Optical Vector Analysis Based on Optical Single-Sideband Modulation (2016)

Knowing magnitude, phase, and polarization responses is of great importance for fabrication and application of optical devices. A large variety of parameters such as insertion loss, dispersion, group delay, polarization-dependent loss, and polarization mode dispersion can be obtained based on these responses. Conventional approaches achieve the optical spectral responses by sweeping the wavelength of a laser source. Restricted by the low-wavelength accuracy and poor wavelength stability of the wavelength-swept laser source, the resolution of the optical vector analyzers (OVAs) are usually poor (>1.6 pm). To achieve ultrahigh resolution measurement, an OVA based on optical single-sideband (OSSB) modulation has been proposed and developed, which potentially has a sub-Hz resolution. However, electrical-to-optical and optical-to-electrical conversions are required to implement the electrical frequency sweeping and to detect the phase and magnitude information in the electrical domain, which limits the spectral measurement range, accuracy, and dynamic range. In the past decade, great efforts have been devoted to deal with these problems. In this paper, techniques for constructing high-performance OSSB-based OVAs are discussed with an emphasis on the system architectures and operation principles for improving the spectral measurement range, accuracy, and dynamic range of the measurement system. Possible future research directions are also discussed.
A fuzzy filter for dynamic range reduction and contrast enhancement (1994)

When an image with a large dynamic range is recorded on media with a smaller dynamic range, details that represents in very high and/or very low luminance regions become invisible. In this paper a fuzzy logic based solution to this problem is proposed. The algorithm estimates the image brightness and hence common sense rules determine the amount of dynamic range reduction. These rules are based on global (i.e. image level) and local (i.e. pixel level) brightness characteristics. To extract visual details, a fuzzy process calculates the contrast amplification factor according to the luminance reduction performed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
3. Stock Selection (1984)

The materials (books, records, information materials) we have in our libraries and lend are the basis of our services; they are our response to the needs of our users and communities and, by stocking them, a library service implicitly validates or condones their content or message. Yet far too little attention is paid to the principles and skills of stock selection. It is rarely taught in depth in library school courses; few library authorities have agreed principles or criteria for selection; nor are new librarians taught how to select materials on any agreed basis. It has always been a mystery to me why this should be so, and I now believe that it is a refusal by many librarians to recognise that it is valid to look at the content of books and other materials and to consider their message and what the author (I use the word in its broadest sense) is trying to convey. For of course books and other media do have a message: by the very process of choosing information, expounding views, arranging information in a certain way and so on the author is hoping to convey something to the reader. And it is up to us, as intermediaries in that process, to look at the content of books and other materials as part of our stock selection. In this article I want to look at stock selection as it relates to women. What are materials saying about women, and what are we offering our users? I'll begin by looking at how books are published and how libraries acquire them, and some problems and issues inherent in that process.
On adaptive decision rules and decision parameter adaptation for automatic speech recognition (2000)

Recent advances in automatic speech recognition are accomplished by designing a plug-in maximum a posteriori decision rule such that the forms of the acoustic and language model distributions are specified and the parameters of the assumed distributions are estimated from a collection of speech and language training corpora. Maximum-likelihood point estimation is by far the most prevailing training method. However, due to the problems of unknown speech distributions, sparse training data, high spectral and temporal variabilities in speech, and possible mismatch between training and testing conditions, a dynamic training strategy is needed. To cope with the changing speakers and speaking conditions in real operational conditions for high-performance speech recognition, such paradigms incorporate a small amount of speaker and environment specific adaptation data into the training process. Bayesian adaptive learning is an optimal way to combine prior knowledge in an existing collection of general models with a new set of condition-specific adaptation data. In this paper, the mathematical framework for Bayesian adaptation of acoustic and language model parameters is first described. Maximum a posteriori point estimation is then developed for hidden Markov models and a number of useful parameters densities commonly used in automatic speech recognition and natural language processing.
Trust in the sharing economy: the AirBnB case (2019)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine sharing economy online marketplaces with the aim of understanding how trust perceptions form and get communicated through sharing economy platforms. Design/methodology/approach The authors build on online user comments and reviews as aggregated by independent third-party websites, and apply a qualitative analysis. Findings The findings show that the quantity of information and communication are important drivers towards building trust perceptions, while an overall lack of interaction between users and the marketplace provider intensifies perceived risks. Originality/value The authors validated the importance of trust and the authors have illustrated that the critical conditions that hinder trust formation are information asymmetry as well as the lack of interaction. What is also an interesting implication is that the impact of both of these can be exacerbated when there is a perceived lack of support among users and between them and the marketplace operator.
Electrochromic W<sub>1–<i>x</i>–<i>y</i></sub>Ti<sub><i>x</i></sub>Mo<sub><i>y</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub> Thin Films Made by Sputter Deposition: Large Optical Modulation, Good Cycling Durability, and Approximate Color Neutrality (2017)

Tungsten oxide thin films are used in electrochromic devices such as variable-transmittance “smart windows” for energy efficient buildings with good indoor comfort. Two long-standing issues for WO3 thin films are their limited durability under electrochemical cycling and their blue color in transmission. Here, we show that both of these problems can be significantly alleviated by additions of titanium and molybdenum. We found that ∼300 nm-thick films of sputter deposited W1–x–yTixMoyO3 are able to combine a midluminous transmittance modulation of ∼70% with good color neutrality and durability under extended electrochemical cycling. The Ti content should be ∼10 at. % in order to achieve durability without impairing transmittance modulation significantly, and the Mo content preferably should be no larger than 6 at. % in order to maintain durability. Hence, our results give clear guidelines for making three-component mixed-oxide thin films that are suitable for electrochromic “smart windows”.
Managing appliance launches in infrastructure clouds (2011)

Infrastructure cloud computing introduces a significant paradigm shift that has the potential to revolutionize how scientific computing is done. However, while it is actively adopted by a number of scientific communities, it is still lacking a well-developed and mature ecosystem that will allow the scientific community to better leverage the capabilities it offers. This paper introduces a specific addition to the infrastructure cloud ecosystem: the cloudinit.d program, a tool for launching, configuring, monitoring, and repairing a set of interdependent virtual machines in an infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) cloud or over a set of IaaS clouds. The cloudinit.d program was developed in the context of the Ocean Observatory Initiative (OOI) project to help it launch and maintain complex virtual platforms provisioned on demand on top of infrastructure clouds. Like the UNIX init.d program, cloudinit.d can launch specified groups of services and the VMs in which they run, at different run levels representing dependencies of the launched VMs. Once launched, cloudinit.d monitors the health of each running service to ensure that the overall application is operating properly. If a problem is detected in a service, cloudinit.d will restart only that service and any other service that failed that depended on it.
Mueller Matrix Measurements Of Ocean Water (1984)

Measurements of the complete polarized light scattering properties of ocean water have been made for scattering angles from 100 to 1600. The observed normalized Mueller matrices had six non-zero elements whose angular dependences were reminiscent of Rayleigh scat-terers. The remaining 10 elements were zero at all scattering angles. The normalized measurements showed little variability with the location or depth of the sample even though total cross-sections varied by more than an order of magnitude. An average Mueller matrix is presented which represents ocean water scattering effects with a standard deviation of typically less than 10% over the various ocean locations and depths that we observed.
Feasibility of Remote Sensing of Particulate Emissions from Heavy-Duty Vehicles (1996)

A portable remote sensing system capable of real-time detection of particulate emissions from heavy-duty vehicles is being developed. The remote sensing technique employs optical extinction to measure the concentration of the carbonaceous fraction of the particulate matter and the CO{sub 2} in the exhaust plumes from individual vehicles. From these two measurements, instantaneous emission indices giving the mass of soot emitted to the amount of fuel burned by the vehicle at the given operating condition can be computed. Two tests designed to characterize the accuracy of the technique were conducted: (1) measurements through an exhaust plume from a laboratory diesel using a sequence of steady-state operating conditions; and (2) measurements of transient emissions from full size diesel-powered buses whose emissions were simultaneously measured in a full-scale dilution tunnel. In both cases, the remote sensing measurements were in good agreement with those obtained by conventional methods. Applications to actual on-road measurements are also discussed.
Requirement of Divalent Galactoside-binding Activity of Ecalectin/Galectin-9 for Eosinophil Chemoattraction (2000)

We have previously isolated and cloned a novel eosinophil chemoattractant (ECA) from a human T-cell-derived expression library. This ECA, termed ecalectin, is a variant of human galectin-9, a member of a beta-galactoside binding animal lectin family, which contains two conserved carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs). In the present study, we addressed whether carbohydrate binding activity is required for the ECA activity of ecalectin and whether both CRDs are essential for this activity. Recombinant full-length wild-type ecalectin (ecalectin-WT) and N-terminal and C-terminal CRD (ecalectin-NT and -CT, respectively) were generated. All of these recombinant proteins exhibited affinity for lactose, a property shared by galectins, but ecalectin-WT exhibited substantially higher hemagglutination activities than ecalectin-NT and -CT. Furthermore, ecalectin-WT showed over 100-fold higher ECA activity than ecalectin-NT and -CT; combination of recombinant domain fragments did not reconstitute the ECA and hemagglutination activities of the full-length protein. ECA activity of ecalectin-WT was inhibited by lactose in a dose-dependent manner. Site-directed mutation of positions Arg(65) of ecalectin-NT and Arg(239) of ecalectin-CT to an aspartic acid residue resulted in the loss of both lactose-binding and ECA activities. We conclude that divalent galactoside-binding activity is required for eosinophil chemoattraction by ecalectin.
Relationship Between Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Erectile Dysfunction: Results From the Boston Area Community Health Survey (2007)

Lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction are common conditions in older men in the community. This study provides evidence to suggest that the previously observed association between erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms may be primarily due to nocturia, incontinence and symptoms suggestive of prostatitis.
Intrinsic Peptidase Activity Causes a Sequential Multi-Step Reaction (SMSR) in Digestion of Human Plasma Peptides (2008)

Human plasma and serum samples, including protein and peptide biomarkers, are subjected to preanalytical variations and instability caused by intrinsic proteases. In this study, we directly investigated the stability of peptide biomarkers by spiking an isotopically labeled peptide into human plasma and serum samples and then monitoring its time-dependent change. Fibrinogen peptide A (FPA) was used as a model substrate, and its degradation in a conventional serum and plasma either with citrate, heparin, or EDTA as the anticoagulant, or EDTA plus protease inhibitors (inhibited plasma), was measured using time-course MALDI-TOF MS analysis. The FPA and other peptides tested in this study vary in these samples. However, the peptides are most stable in the inhibited plasma followed by, in general order, EDTA plasma, citrate plasma, heparin plasma and serum, demonstrating the benefit of plasma versus serum, and protease inhibitors for biomarker stabilization. Kinetic analysis indicates that intrinsic peptidases cause an observed first-order Sequential Multiple-Step Reaction (SMSR) in digestion of the peptide. Modeling analysis of the SMSR demonstrates that step reactions differ in their kinetic rate constants, suggesting a significant contribution of the truncated end residue on the substrate specificity of the intrinsic peptidase(s). Our observations further show that synthetic peptides introduced into plasma as internal controls can also be degraded, and thus, their (in)stability as a preanalytical variable should not be overlooked.
The influence of reaction kinetics between BBr<sub>3</sub>and O<sub>2</sub>on the uniformity of base diffusion (1969)

The variables affecting the uniformity of sheet resistance in a two step base diffusion system (deposition and drive-in), using BBr <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> as a source, have been investigated. The uniformity after the drive-in is predominantly dependent on the process variables during the deposition process. Amongst such variables as the design of the deposition system, the total carrier gas velocity, the spacing of wafers on a deposition boat and the reaction rate between BBr <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> and O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> , the latter is the most influential factor in determining the uniformity of diffusion. A uniform diffusion along a certain length of the zone is obtained when the reaction rate between BBr <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> and O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> has reached completion. This is indicated by the lowest sheet resistance (highest surface concentration) obtained and the highest amount of glass built up on the surface of silicon for a given deposition condition. The rate of reaction can be varied by varying the O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> concentration or the temperature of reaction (or deposition). Increasing these variables causes an enhanced reaction rate thus shifting the position of the zone of uniform sheet resistance towards the gas inlet of the tube. Decreasing these variables has the reverse effect.
Effect of Mercaptoethanol on Complement Binding Ability of Human 7 S Gammaglobulin. (1963)

The effect of mercaptoethanol on the ability of human 7 S-antibodies and human 7S gammaglobulins (γ2) to react with antigen, complement and rheumatoid factor was studied. 1. Human 7 S-immune globulin continued to combine with antigen after mercaptoethanol treatment. 2. Human gammaglobulin, treated with mercaptoethanol, could be aggregated by heat as measured by the ability to precipitate with a potent rheumatoid factor. 3. Mercaptoethanol treatment of 7 S-antibodies and gammaglobulin resulted in a loss of ability to fix complement after reacting with antigen or after nonspecific heat aggregation respectively. These results stress the importance of disulfide bonds in the complement fixation reaction.
Quantitation of perchlorate ion by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) using stable association complexes with organic cations and bases to enhance selectivity (1999)

Quantitation of trace levels of perchlorate ion in water has become a key issue since this species was discovered in water supplies around the United States. Although ion chromatographic methods presently offer the lowest limit of detection, ≈40 nM (4 ng ml–1), chromatographic retention times are not considered to be unique identifiers and often cannot be used in legal proceedings without confirmatory testing. Mass spectrometry can provide such confirmation; however, detection capabilities can impose a practical limitation on its use. Moreover, quadrupole mass spectrometers cannot provide sufficient accuracy and precision in m/z to identify conclusively an ion as perchlorate when samples are run directly without prior chromatographic or electrophoretic separation. We report on the abilities of (1) tetralkylammonium cations and (2) minimally nucleophilic, sterically hindered organic bases to increase selectivity in the electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) determination of perchlorate ion without concomitant loss of sensitivity. Selectivity arises from the formation of a stable association complex between a base molecule and a perchlorate anion. The best results were obtained using 10 µM chlorhexidine in methanolic solution; the lower limit of detection (LLOD) for S/N ≥ 2 was less than or equal to 0.10 µM (10 ng ml–1). This compares favorably with the LLOD determined for perchlorate in the absence of any complexing agents (≈0.05 µM = 5 ng ml–1). For the other bases, which were diazabicyclo compounds (DBN, DBU, DBO), sensitivity was lower by 90% or more. The chlorhexidine–perchlorate complex (m/z = 605) can be observed even in the presence of equiformal nitrate, nitrite, hydrogensulfate, chloride, bromide, bromate, and chlorate (all together) down to approximately 1 µM; thus, the method is rugged enough to find application to systems containing multiple inorganic anions.
Low current mode of negative corona (2004)

The experimental part of the study is totally carried by V. Repn.He also played a major role in modelling.
Effects of borehole alteration on amplitudes of full-waveform acoustic logs (1985)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1985Effects of borehole alteration on amplitudes of full‐waveform acoustic logsAuthors: Kenneth M. TubmanKenneth M. TubmanARCO Resources Technologyhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892598 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1985ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1985 Pages: 643 publication data© 1985 Copyright © 1985 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 07 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Kenneth M. Tubman, (1985), "Effects of borehole alteration on amplitudes of full‐waveform acoustic logs," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 44-46. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892598 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Using Internet Technology to Deliver a Behavioral Weight Loss Program (2001)

Participants who were given a structured behavioral treatment program with weekly contact and individualized feedback had better weight loss compared with those given links to educational Web sites. Thus, the Internet and e-mail appear to be viable methods for delivery of structured behavioral weight loss programs.