gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safety of Fluoroquinolones: An Update (2002)

The fluoroquinolone class of antimicrobials has been in clinical use for over 13 years. During that period, some representatives of the class have been extensively prescribed, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, while others have seen minimal use and have been restricted or withdrawn, namely, trovafloxacin and grepafloxacin. Manipulation of the fluoroquinolone structure by substituting a range of moieties around the core has yielded enhanced antibacterial activity, but in some cases this has come at a price. Specific substitutions are discussed in relation to particular recognized adverse events. In the present paper, newly introduced fluoroquinolones, such as moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin, are examined in terms of anticipated class effects and recent clinical experience. These antimicrobials are associated with reactions such as diarrhea, nausea, headache and other typical antimicrobial phenomena at rates less than 5%. New fluoroquinolone agents should be examined carefully in light of structural findings until adequate clinical data are amassed.
Melanoma: Differences between Asian and Caucasian Patients (2012)

Geographical and ethnic variations in the clinical presentation of melanoma exist. Specially adapted programmes are necessary to increase awareness of the different clinical presentation of melanoma in Asia and to encourage examination of the palms and soles in order to reduce the delay in diagnosis.
Long-term Survival of Transplanted Allogeneic Cells Engineered to Express a T Cell Chemorepellent (2007)

This is the first demonstration of a novel approach that exploits T-cell chemorepulsion to induce site specific immune isolation and thereby overcomes allograft rejection without the use of systemic immunosuppression.
The wavelet transform and the suppression theory of binocular vision for stereo image compression (2002)

In this paper we present a method for compression of stereo images. The proposed scheme is a frequency domain approach based on the suppression theory of binocular vision. By using the information in the frequency domain, complex disparity estimation techniques can be avoided. The wavelet transform is used to obtain a multiresolution analysis of the stereo pair by which the subbands convey the necessary frequency domain information.
The Color Isomerism of Oxovanadium(IV) Complexes with Tetradentate Schiff Base (1982)

Abstract An oxovanadium(IV) complex with N,N′-bis(1-methyl-2-bromo-3-oxobutylidene)ethylenediamine gave green and yellow forms in the solid state, depending upon the solvents used for recrystallization. A polymeric structure was proposed for the yellow form.
Preparation of ultrathin reverse osmosis membranes and the attainment of theoretical salt rejection (1967)

Abstract Cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes, 600–2800 A. thick, have been prepared on glass surfaces by dipping a clean glass plate into a dilute solution of cellulose acetate. After drying, the membranes are floated of onto a water surface and placed on molecular filter supports. Theoretical salt rejections, as calculated from the solution‐diffusion model of membrane transport for cellulose acetate, were obtained with imperfection‐free membranes.
Block copolymer of 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline with silica gel an organic‐inorganic hybrid polymer (1991)

Abstract Ring‐opening polymerization of 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline followed by termination with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane produced poly(N‐acetylethylenimine) (polyoxazoline) (POZO) having a terminal triethoxysilyl group. Triethoxysilyl‐terminated telechelic POZO was also prepared by using bifunctional initiators. These silane coupling POZOs were subjected to reaction with silanol groups at the surface of silica gel to modify its surface hydrophilicity. Triethoxysilyl‐terminated POZOs were also subjected to acid‐catalyzed co‐hydrolysis polymerization with tetraethoxysilane by the so‐called sol‐gel method to produce a novel organic‐inorganic hybrid polymer (block copolymer). The hybrid obtained was a homogeneous, transparent, glassy composite material, which showed more hydrophilicity in comparison with that of silica gel without POZO segments. On the other hand, a hybrid polymer consisting of poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) and silica gel showed amphiphilic properties absorbing both water and organic solvents. Pyrolysis of these hybrids at 600°C produced silica having micro‐pores.
Catalytic Combustion of Soot on KNO<sub>3</sub>/ZrO<sub>2</sub> Catalysts. Effect of Potassium Nitrate Loading on Activity (2003)

Co−KNO3−ZrO2 and Co−ZrO2 were prepared. The concentration effect of potassium nitrate on the activity was studied for the oxidation reaction of soot. Catalysts were characterized using the techniques BET, XRD, DSC, TPR, and SEM and the catalytic activity was measured in a microbalance. An important decrease of the combustion temperature of soot is observed in experiments carried out with zirconium oxide alone and also a significant enhancement of the catalytic combustion rate of soot on KNO3/ZrO2 catalysts. The activity increase can be attributed to the alkaline metal ion and also to the increase of the catalyst/soot contact by the molten potassium nitrate.
Knowledge‐Based Approach towards Hydrolytic Degradation of Polymer‐Based Biomaterials (2009)

The concept of hydrolytically degradable biomaterials was developed to enable the design of temporary implants that substitute or fulfill a certain function as long as required to support (wound) healing processes or to control the release of drugs. Examples are surgical implants, e.g., sutures, or implantable drug depots for treatment of cancer. In both cases degradability can help to avoid a second surgical procedure for explanation. Although degradable surgical sutures are established in the clinical practice for more than 30 years, still more than 40% of surgical sutures applied in clinics today are nondegradable.1 A major limitation of the established degradable suture materials is the fact that their degradation behavior cannot reliably be predicted by applying existing experimental methodologies. Similar concerns also apply to other degradable implants. Therefore, a knowledge-based approach is clearly needed to overcome the described problems and to enable the tailored design of biodegradable polymer materials. In this Progress Report we describe two methods (as examples for tools for this fundamental approach): molecular modeling combining atomistic bulk interface models with quantum chemical studies and experimental investigations of macromolecule degradation in monolayers on Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) troughs. Finally, an outlook on related future research strategies is provided.
Seed dormancy in four Tibetan Plateau <i>Vicia</i> species and characterization of physiological changes in response of seeds to environmental factors (2013)

Abstract Although seed dormancy of temperate legumes is well understood, less is known about it in species that grow in subalpine/alpine areas. This study investigated dormancy and germination of four Vicia species from the Tibetan Plateau. Fresh seeds of V. sativa were permeable to water, whereas those of V. angustifolia , V. amoena and V. unijuga had physical dormancy (PY). One year of dry storage increased the proportion of impermeable seeds in V. angustifolia , but showed no effect on seed coat permeability in V. amoena or V. unijuga . Seeds of all four species also had non-deep physiological dormancy (PD), which was especially apparent in the two annuals at a high germination temperature (20°C). After 1 year of storage, PD had been lost. The hydrotime model showed that fresh seeds obtained a significantly higher median water potential [Ψ b (50)] than stored seeds, implying that PD prevents germination in winter for seeds dispersed without PY when water availability is limited. After 6 months on the soil surface in the field, a high proportion of permeable seeds remained ungerminated, further suggesting that PD plays a key role in preventing germination after dispersal. Addition of fluridone, an inhibitor of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, evened-out the differences in germination between fresh and stored seeds, which points to the key role of ABA biosynthesis in maintaining dormancy. Further, fresh seeds were more sensitive to exogenous ABA than stored seeds, indicating that storage decreased embryo sensitivity to ABA. On the other hand, the gibberellic acid GA 3 increased germination rate, which implies that embryo sensitivity to GA is also involved in seed dormancy regulation. This study showed that PY, PD or their combination (PY+PD) plays a key role in timing germination after dispersal, and that different intensities of dormancy occur among these four Vicia species from the Tibetan Plateau.
The intestinal mucosa as a reservoir of HIV-1 infection after successful HAART (2007)

The presence of HIV-1 RNA in distal duodenal mucosa was evaluated in 44 HIV-1-positive patients. HIV-1 RNA was detected in gut tissue in antiretroviral-naive patients with high plasma viral loads, as well as in patients on HAART with plasma viral loads below the limit of detection and in patients on HAART with virological failure. The intestinal mucosa seems to serve as a reservoir poorly influenced by levels of plasma viral load or HAART.
High-Level Production of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) by Fed-Batch Culture of Recombinant <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1999)

Fermentation strategies for production of high concentrations of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] with different 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) fractions by recombinant Escherichia coli harboring the Alcaligenes latus polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis genes were developed. Fed-batch cultures of recombinant E. coli with the pH-stat feeding strategy facilitated production of high concentrations and high contents of P(3HB-co-3HV) in a chemically defined medium. When a feeding solution was added in order to increase the glucose and propionic acid concentrations to 20 g/liter and 20 mM, respectively, after each feeding, a cell dry weight of 120.3 g/liter and a relatively low P(3HB-co-3HV) content, 42.5 wt%, were obtained. Accumulation of a high residual concentration of propionic acid in the medium was the reason for the low P(3HB-co-3HV) content. An acetic acid induction strategy was used to stimulate the uptake and utilization of propionic acid. When a fed-batch culture and this strategy were used, we obtained a cell concentration, a P(3HB-co-3HV) concentration, a P(3HB-co-3HV) content, and a 3HV fraction of 141.9 g/liter, 88.1 g/liter, 62.1 wt%, and 15.3 mol%, respectively. When an improved nutrient feeding strategy, acetic acid induction, and oleic acid supplementation were used, we obtained a cell concentration, a P(3HB-co-3HV) concentration, a P(3HB-co-3HV) content, and a 3HV fraction of 203.1 g/liter, 158.8 g/liter, 78.2 wt%, and 10.6 mol%, respectively; this resulted in a high level of productivity, 2.88 g of P(3HB-co-3HV)/liter-h.
Sticking coefficient of boron and phosphorus on silicon during vapor-phase doping (2001)

A surface reaction model for boron and phosphorus atoms on silicon during vapor-phase doping is proposed by calculating their sticking coefficients. In boron doping, two sticking configurations are found: a low B2H6-concentration case, and a high B2H6-concentration case. In the low B2H6- concentration case, a low sticking coefficient is maintained during doping, and in which hydrogen desorption from the surface opens more sites for boron chemisorption. In the high B2H6-concentration case, excessively chemisorbed boron atoms react with each other, causing boron segregation. A low sticking coefficient is preferred in order to avoid boron segregation and to control the concentration. In the phosphorus doping, the sticking coefficient was much lower than that of boron, and phosphorus does not segregate on silicon.
A joint estimation of head and body orientation cues in surveillance video (2011)

The automatic analysis and understanding of behavior and interactions is a crucial task in the design of socially intelligent video surveillance systems. Such an analysis often relies on the extraction of people behavioral cues, amongst which body pose and head pose are probably the most important ones. In this paper, we propose an approach that jointly estimates these two cues from surveillance video. Given a human track, our algorithm works in two steps. First, a per-frame analysis is conducted, in which the head is localized, head and body features are extracted, and their likelihoods under different poses is evaluated. These likelihoods are then fused within a temporal filtering framework that jointly estimate the body position, body pose and head pose by taking advantage of the soft couplings between body position (movement direction), body pose and head pose. Quantitative as well as qualitative experiments show the benefit of several aspects of our approach and in particular the benefit of the joint estimation framework for tracking the behavior cues. Further analysis of behavior and interaction could then be conducted based on the output of our system.
Cytolytic function of clonable T cells after human bone marrow transplantation (1990)

We evaluated T-cell mediated lymphokine activated killer (LAK) function during the late (greater than 5 months) reconstitution phase after T cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for hematologic malignancy. Since LAK cells are sustained by interleukin-2 (IL-2), we also investigated the ability of post-BMT T cells to produce IL-2. These functions were investigated at the clonal level. More than 200 T-cell clones from six long-term BMT recipients were generated and compared with 60 T-cell clones derived from two normal controls. Almost all the CD8+ clonal cultures from BMT recipients expressed cytolytic activity in a lectin-dependent cellular cytoxicity assay. Interestingly, a higher proportion of BMT recipient-derived cytolytic clones were able to mediate LAK activity in comparison with control clones (28% versus 4%, P less than .05). However, T-cell clones from BMT recipients, as opposed to control clones, were largely incapable of producing IL-2. Given the high proportions of post-BMT circulating CD8+ T cells, it appears that, in long-term BMT recipients, the precursors of nonspecific LAK effectors are present at above normal levels. However, their function may be defective in vivo due to poor IL-2 production.
Process compensated CMOS temperature sensor for microprocessor application (2012)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a process compensated CMOS temperature sensor that does not require any BJTs. CTAT and PTAT sensors that are based on temperature-dependent threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> ) are designed to have same process variation and outputs are subtracted to suppress the process spread. Proposed design is fabricated in a TSMC 0.18um 2P6M process and measured results show less than an -1.8°C to +0.9°C error over -40°C to 85°C after 1-point calibration. The noise level is less than 100uV/√Hz, which is equivalent to 0.043°C and overall power consumption is 478uW.
Melamine‐Based Microporous Network Polymer Supported Palladium Nanoparticles: A Stable and Efficient Catalyst for the Sonogashira Coupling Reaction in Water (2015)

Abstract A template consisting of a melamine‐based microporous polymer network was synthesized and utilized as a solid support to stabilize palladium nanoparticles; the resulting Pd/SNW1 material showed good catalytic activity in copper‐free Sonogashira coupling in water. Various aryl iodides were efficiently coupled with arylacetylenes under very low catalyst loadings in an environmentally benign medium. Hot filtration tests confirmed the heterogeneity of the catalyst, which was reused under the optimized conditions without any significant change in its activity. This simple preparation of the catalyst, the stability of the catalyst, product selectivity, and easy recovery and regeneration indicate the possible utilization of this catalytic system in a multitude of catalyzed reactions and industrial processes.
Surface Temperature by Ellipsometry (1972)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. M. Ibrahim, N. M. Bashara; Surface Temperature by Ellipsometry. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology 1 September 1972; 9 (5): 1259. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1317024 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Global-Scale Event Dissemination on Mobile Social Channeling Platform (2014)

We aim to develop a new pub/sub service through our XMPP-based platform for mobile social channeling applications. This pub/sub service is required to support the dissemination of publications from the social channels to billions of mobile clients with general interest as well as those with specific interest. Due to the wider reachability of publications, this pub/sub service imposes higher scalability requirement than the conventional ones. Meeting the scalability requirement becomes even more difficult when the pub/sub clients are geographically distributed and exhibit highly dynamic behavior. Given the dependency on the XMPP-based social channels as a substrate for publication dissemination, we first employed the state-of-the-art implementation of the pub/sub extension to XMPP servers. However, this implementation falls short in handling the aforementioned global scale and dynamic nature of our new pub/sub service. Therefore, we address the shortcomings by devising a new XMPP-based pub/sub system called SES (Scalable Eventing System). SES facilitates pub/sub communication on inter-regional clusters of pub/sub servers. SES improves scalability through a novel load-balancing technique that adapts consistent hashing and virtual node placement strategies. Also, the procedure of publication notification is enhanced for higher throughput and lower latency. We demonstrate the advancements through empirical analysis conducted on Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2).
Present and future technology for simultaneous superficial thermoradiotherapy of breast cancer (2010)

This paper reviews systems and techniques to deliver simultaneous thermoradiotherapy of breast cancer. It first covers the clinical implementation of simultaneous delivery of superficial (microwave or ultrasound) hyperthermia and external photon beam radiotherapy, first using a Cobalt-60 teletherapy unit and later medical linear accelerators. The parallel development and related studies of the Scanning Ultrasound Reflector Linear Arrays System (SURLAS), an advanced system specifically designed and developed for simultaneous thermoradiotherapy, follows. The performance characteristics of the SURLAS are reviewed and power limitation problems at high acoustic frequencies (>3 MHz) are discussed along with potential solutions. Next, the feasibility of simultaneous SURLAS hyperthermia and intensity modulated radiation therapy/image-guided radiotherapy (IMRT/IGRT) is established based on published and newly presented studies. Finally, based on the encouraging clinical results thus far, it is concluded that new trials employing the latest technologies are warranted along with further developments in treatment planning.
Estimation of object color, light source color, and direction by using a cuboid (2005)

This paper presents a new method for sequentially estimating object color, light source color, and direction by using a cuboid. The method is based on the dichromatic reflection model. First, it is pointed out that three surfaces of a cuboid illuminated by parallel rays give pure diffuse reflection (DR) to a camera directed to the surfaces. The second point is that normal DR radiance (NDR) corresponding to normally incident rays can be derived from radiance of the surfaces. The NDR gives object color and light source direction. Light source color is estimated as the difference between object color and observed color. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 36(12): 1–10, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20399
Comparison of FilmArray and Quantitative Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR for Detection of Zaire Ebolavirus from Contrived and Clinical Specimens (2015)

Rapid, reliable, and easy-to-use diagnostic assays for detection of Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) are urgently needed. The goal of this study was to examine the agreement among emergency use authorization (EUA) tests for the detection of ZEBOV nucleic acids, including the BioFire FilmArray BioThreat (BT) panel, the FilmArray BT-E panel, and the NP2 and VP40 quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase (qRT) PCR assays from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Specimens used in this study included whole blood spiked with inactivated ZEBOV at known titers and whole-blood, plasma, and urine clinical specimens collected from persons diagnosed with Ebola virus disease (EVD). The agreement for FilmArray and qRT-PCR results using contrived whole-blood specimens was 100% (6/6 specimens) for each ZEBOV dilution from 4 × 10(7) to 4 × 10(2) 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50)/ml, as well as the no-virus negative-control sample. The limit of detection for FilmArray and qRT-PCR assays with inactivated ZEBOV, based on duplicate positive results, was determined to be 4 × 10(2) TCID50/ml. Rates of agreement between FilmArray and qRT-PCR results for clinical specimens from patients with EVD were 85% (23/27 specimens) for whole-blood specimens, 90% (18/20 specimens) for whole-blood specimens tested by FilmArray testing and matched plasma specimens tested by qRT-PCR testing, and 85% (11/13 specimens) for urine specimens. Among 60 specimens, eight discordant results were noted, with ZEBOV nucleic acids being detected only by FilmArray testing in four specimens and only by qRT-PCR testing in the remaining four specimens. These findings demonstrate that the rapid and easy-to-use FilmArray panels are effective tests for evaluating patients with EVD.