gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical improvement in chronic plaque‐type psoriasis lesions after narrow‐band UVB therapy is accompanied by a decrease in the expression of IFN‐γ inducers – IL‐12, IL‐18 and IL‐23 (2004)

Type-1 cytokine-producing T cells are important in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris, for which efficient therapy is provided by means of narrow-band ultraviolet-B (NB-UVB). The expression of the type-1 cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is regulated by interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-15, IL-18 and IL-23; however, not much is known about the effect of this therapy on the levels of these cytokines in lesional psoriatic skin in situ. In this study, we investigated the effects of NB-UVB therapy on the expression of IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines. Ten patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis selected to be treated with NB-UVB therapy were recruited for these experiments and the expression of cytokines IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, IL-23 and IFN-gamma in lesional psoriatic skin before, during and after therapy was determined with the help of immunohistochemistry. Double staining was performed in order to determine the cell types expressing these cytokines. The decrease in the psoriasis area and severity index was accompanied by a significant decrease in the expression of IFN-gamma, and concomitantly, significant reduction of IFN-gamma inducers -- IL-12, IL-18 and IL-23. Thus, we concluded that the decrease of IFN-gamma expression in psoriasis lesions after NB-UVB therapy could be a result of diminished expression of IL-12, IL-18 and IL-23 in lesional skin. Therapies targeting these three cytokines should, therefore, be considered in the treatment of psoriasis.
Document presence notification services for collaborative writing (2002)

Instant messaging applications that convey presence awareness are quickly becoming some of the most popular groupware applications. They support lightweight and intermittent interactions that allow users to quickly move between a personal and a collective space, thus blurring the traditional distinction between synchronous and asynchronous systems. Often, however, the focus of collaboration is not another person, but a shared resource that is being produced in collaboration. Thus, rather than being interested in the presence and status of a collaborator, our main interest might be whether a given document is now available for one to read or review, or if such resource has changed since it was last visited. In this paper we describe Doc2U, a system that provides presence awareness of resources stored in the Web. We describe use scenarios that motivated its development and its current implementation as an extended service of a Web server. The tool forms part of the services currently being developed to support collaborative authoring on the WWW under the PINAS platform.
Trends in fall injuries associated with children's outdoor climbing frames (2006)

Falls from publicly owned climbing equipment are often cited as the major cause of injury on children's outdoor playgrounds and have been the focus of substantial interventions in the UK since the early 1980s. Analysis of national data on falls from climbing frames for 1988 to 2002 shows that the main discernible trend during this period is an increase in the occurrence of injuries to the lower arm. Whether this is attributable to a behavioural response to some of the interventions, or to some other factor, is unknown.
DNA inversion regions Min of plasmid p15B and Cin of bacteriophage P1: evolution of bacteriophage tail fiber genes (1992)

Plasmid p15B and the genome of bacteriophage P1 are closely related, but their site-specific DNA inversion systems, Min and Cin, respectively, do not have strict structural homology. Rather, the complex Min system represents a substitution of a Cin-like system into an ancestral p15B genome. The substituting sequences of both the min recombinase gene and the multiple invertible DNA segments of p15B are, respectively, homologous to the pin recombinase gene and to part of the invertible DNA of the Pin system on the defective viral element e14 of Escherichia coli K-12. To map the sites of this substitution, the DNA sequence of a segment adjacent to the invertible segment in the P1 genome was determined. This, together with already available sequence data, indicated that both P1 and p15B had suffered various sequence acquisitions or deletions and sequence amplifications giving rise to mosaics of partially related repeated elements. Data base searches revealed segments of homology in the DNA inversion regions of p15B, e14, and P1 and in tail fiber genes of phages Mu, T4, P2, and lambda. This result suggest that the evolution of phage tail fiber genes involves horizontal gene transfer and that the Min and Pin regions encode tail fiber genes. A functional test proved that the p15B Min region carries a tail fiber operon and suggests that the alternative expression of six different gene variants by Min inversion offers extensive host range variation.
Endotoxin-induced pulmonary dysfunction is prevented by C1-esterase inhibitor. (1993)

In septic shock, hypotension, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and neutrophil activation are related to the activation of the blood coagulation contact system. This study evaluates in dogs the effect of the C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), a main inhibitor of the blood coagulation contact system, on the cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction associated with endotoxic shock. Two groups were included: controls, which received Escherichia coli endotoxin, and a C1-INH group in which C1-INH was infused before E. coli endotoxin administration. In both groups, endotoxin produced hypodynamic shock; however, the decrease in the systolic index and the ventricular systolic work indexes were greater in controls than the C1-INH group. In controls, the arterial O2 partial pressure decreased by 30% and the alveolo-arterial O2 difference increased by 625%, these parameters remained unchanged in the C1-INH group. Hypoxemia was associated with increased intrapulmonary shunt, decreased blood coagulation contact factors, and decreased C3c. In contrast, C1-INH administration prevented endotoxin-induced hypoxemia, the increase in intrapulmonary shunt, and the decrease in blood coagulation contact factors. This study shows that, in dogs with endotoxic shock, pulmonary dysfunction is associated with an activation of the blood coagulation contact phase system. An inhibition of this system by C1-INH prevented the hypoxemia induced by endotoxic shock.
A comparative study of modern eigenstructure methods for bearing estimation-A new high performance approach (1986)

This paper discusses the problem of accurate estimation of the bearings or directions of multiple narrowband point signal sources from data collected at a spatially distributed array of sensors. A class of high resolution algorithms based upon covariance matrix eigenstructure are reviewed and compared. The paper then presents a new eigenstructure based bearing algorithm that offers improved resolution and stability performance in high noise, small sample scenarios. The new algorithm is based on an approximate maximum likelihood criterion, that provides a more realistic measure of orthogonality between signal and noise subspaces in a stochastic environment. The algorithms to be discussed may be applied equally well to time-series spectral analysis, and other parameter estimation problems.
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Light-Gas Injectors in a Mach 4.0 Crossflow (2006)

An experimental and computational study of an aerodynamic ramp (aeroramp) injector was conducted at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The aeroramp consisted of an array of two rows with two columns of flush-wall holes that induce vorticity and enhance mixing. The holes were spaced four diameters apart in the streamwise direction with two diameters transverse spacing between them. For comparison, a single-hole circular injector with the same area angled downstream at 30 deg was also examined. Test conditions involved sonic injection of helium heated to 313 K to safely simulate hydrogen into a Mach 4 air cross stream with average Reynolds number 5.77 e+7 per meter at a jet to freestream momentum flux ratio of 2.1. Sampling probe measurements were utilized to determine the local helium concentration. Pitot and cone-static-pressure probes and a diffuser thermocouple probe were employed to document the flow. This allowed total pressure losses to be determined. The numerical flow solver used was GASP v. 4.2. The inviscid fluxes were computed in three dimensions using third-order AUSM+ with modified essentially nonoscillatory limiting. The AUSM+ algorithm was chosen because of its good resolution of shock discontinuities and its efficiency. The Wilcox k-ω (1998) turbulence model was used. The main results of this work can be summarized as follows: 1) the mixing efficiency value of this aeroramp design, which was optimized at Mach 2.4 for hydrocarbon fuel, was only slightly higher than that of the single-hole injector at these flow conditions; 2) the mass-averaged total pressure loss parameter showed that the aeroramp and single-hole injectors had the same overall losses; 3) the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was unable to accurately predict the quantitative mixing data produced by the experiment, however, the qualitative comparisons of the injectors using the CFD predictions agreed with the experiment.
Application of industrial treatments to donor human milk: influence of pasteurization treatments, storage temperature, and time on human milk gangliosides (2018)

Donor milk is the best option when mother's own milk is unavailable. Heat treatments are applied to ensure donor milk safety. The effects of heat treatments on milk gangliosides-bioactive compounds with beneficial antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and prebiotic roles-have not been studied. The most abundant gangliosides in non-homogenized human milk were characterized and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS before and after pasteurization treatments mimicking industrial conditions (63 °C/30 min, 72 °C/15 s, 127 °C/5 s, and 140 °C/6 s). Ganglioside stability over a 3-month period was assessed following the storage at 4 and 23 °C. Independent of the heat treatment applied, gangliosides were stable after 3 months of storage at 4 or 23 °C, with only minor variations in individual ganglioside structures. These findings will help to define the ideal processing and storage conditions for donor milk to maximize the preservation of the structure of bioactive compounds to enhance the health of fragile newborns. Moreover, these results highlight the need for, and provide a basis for, a standardized language enabling biological and food companies, regulatory agencies, and other food stakeholders to both annotate and compute the ways in which production, processing, and storage conditions alter or maintain the nutritive, bioactive, and organoleptic properties of ingredients and foods, as well as the qualitative effects these foods and ingredients may have on conferring phenotype in the consuming organism.
Establishment of Epstein‐Barr Virus‐positive Human Gastric Epithelial Cell Lines (1998)

We have established two Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive cell lines, GT38 and GT39, derived from human gastric tissues of two patients bearing gastric carcinoma. Both cell lines were positive for cytokeratin, an epithelial marker, but not for lymphocyte-related markers. Unlike GT39 cell line, GT38 cells lacked the property of contact inhibition. EBV genome was detected in both cell lines. The cell lines were positive for latent membrane protein 1, and EBV-determined nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1). EBNA2 was also detected in GT38. These cell lines should be useful for studying the interaction of EBV with gastric epithelial cells and its role in gastric carcinogenesis.
Development of Fiber-Optic Voltage Sensors and Magnetic-Field Sensors (1987)

The principle, temperature characteristics, and frequency characteristics of fiber-optic voltage sensors and magnetic field sensors are reported, along with the results of an aging test on these sensors. The fiber-optic voltage sensor utilizes the "Pockels" effect of Bi12SiO20 single crystal and the fiber-optic magnetic-field sensor utilizes the "Faraday" effect of ZnSe polycrystal and Bi12SiO20 single crystal. The basic performance of these sensors has been investigated from the perspective of their use as parts in electrical apparatuses. In addition, in this paper some practical applications in electrical substations and transmission lines are presented. These include a fault section detecting system for gas insulated transmission line (GIL), an optical voltage transformer and optical current transformer which are embedded in gas insulated switchgear (GIS), and a surge voltage receiving system.
Effect of naproxen on protein binding of warfarin in human serum. (1976)

The effect of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent naproxen on the protein binding of racemic warfarin in pooled human serum was determined by equilibrium dialysis. The free fraction of warfarin in serum increased practically linearly with increasing naproxen concentration. At the highest naproxen concentration tested (400 mcg/ml), the warfarin free fraction was 74% larger than the control free fraction value.
Rolling Rotations for Recognizing Human Actions from 3D Skeletal Data (2016)

Recently, skeleton-based human action recognition has been receiving significant attention from various research communities due to the availability of depth sensors and real-time depth-based 3D skeleton estimation algorithms. In this work, we use rolling maps for recognizing human actions from 3D skeletal data. The rolling map is a well-defined mathematical concept that has not been explored much by the vision community. First, we represent each skeleton using the relative 3D rotations between various body parts. Since 3D rotations are members of the special orthogonal group SO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , our skeletal representation becomes a point in the Lie group SO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> × ... × SO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , which is also a Riemannian manifold. Then, using this representation, we model human actions as curves in this Lie group. Since classification of curves in this non-Euclidean space is a difficult task, we unwrap the action curves onto the Lie algebra so <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> × ... × so <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (which is a vector space) by combining the logarithm map with rolling maps, and perform classification in the Lie algebra. Experimental results on three action datasets show that the proposed approach performs equally well or better when compared to state-of-the-art.
Ulinastatin suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats with acute paraquat poisoning (2015)

Lung injury is the main manifestation of paraquat poisoning. Few studies have addressed brain damage after paraquat poisoning. Ulinastatin is a protease inhibitor that can effectively stabilize lysosomal membranes, prevent cell damage, and reduce the production of free radicals. This study assumed that ulinastatin would exert these effects on brain tissues that had been poisoned with paraquat. Rat models of paraquat poisoning were intraperitoneally injected with ulinastatin. Simultaneously, rats in the control group were administered normal saline. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that most hippocampal cells were contracted and nucleoli had disappeared in the paraquat group. Fewer cells in the hippocampus were concentrated and nucleoli had disappeared in the ulinastatin group. Western blot assay showed that expressions of GRP78 and cleaved-caspase-3 were significantly lower in the ulinastatin group than in the paraquat group. Immunohistochemical findings showed that CHOP immunoreactivity was significantly lower in the ulinastatin group than in the paraquat group. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining showed that the number of apoptotic cells was reduced in the paraquat and ulinastatin groups. These data confirmed that endoplasmic reticular stress can be induced by acute paraquat poisoning. Ulinastatin can effectively inhibit this stress as well as cell apoptosis, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect.
Decreased Inhibin Gene Expression in Preovulatory Follicles Requires Primary Gonadotropin Surges* (1989)

We have examined the role of the primary gonadotropin surges in regulating inhibin alpha- and beta A-subunit mRNA levels in rat ovarian follicles. Inhibin subunit mRNA levels decline dramatically on the evening of proestrus in follicles of the ovulatory pool. Because this decline is temporally associated with primary gonadotropin surges, we investigated the contribution of LH and FSH to this process. The primary gonadotropin surges were blocked by injection of a GnRH antagonist (WY45760) at 1200 h on proestrus. This resulted in sustained elevation of inhibin mRNA levels through 0700 h of the subsequent day, a time when inhibin mRNA levels would normally be very low. Replacement of either exogenous LH or FSH in ovulatory doses to an antagonist-treated animal at 1530 h on proestrus resulted in a decrease in inhibin mRNA levels by 4-5 h postreplacement. We conclude that LH and FSH act via a common mechanism to repress inhibin mRNA levels in stimulated preovulatory follicles.
A Method for Combining Focused Monostatic and Bistatic GPR to Reduce Multipath Effects (2006)

Imaging of buried objects using subsurface microwave technology can result in images with numerous undesirable artifacts due in part to noise and multipath scattering. In order to alleviate the problem of multipath scattering, the authors propose the combined use of monostatic and bistatic systems. Focusing both images and compensating the bistatic system enables us to place the direct path scatterers at the same position as in the monostatic case. A multiplication of the final images will attenuate the scatterers that are formed by multiple reflections and will therefore reduce artifacts. Results are shown using simulations in which the signatures of several point scatterers overlap for the direct reflections and where the multipath signatures do not; thus allowing the multiplication to enhance the final image.
Clinical Efficacy of Efonidipine Hydrochloride, a T-type Calcium Channel Inhibitor, on Sympathetic Activities. Examination Using Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate/Blood Pressure Variabilities and 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine Myocardial Scintigraphy. (2003)

Dihydropyridine Ca antagonists cause reflex tachycardia related to their hypotensive effects. Efonidipine hydrochloride has inhibitory effects on T-type Ca channels, even as it inhibits reflex tachycardia. In the present study, the influence of efonidipine hydrochloride on heart rate and autonomic nervous function was investigated. Using an electrocardiogram and a tonometric blood pressure measurement, autonomic nervous activity was evaluated using spectral analysis of heart rate/systolic blood pressure variability. Three protocols were used: (1) a single dose of efonidipine hydrochloride was administered orally to healthy subjects with resting heart rate values of 75 beats/min or more (high-HR group) and to healthy subjects with resting heart rate values less than 75 beats/min (low-HR group); (2) efonidipine hydrochloride was newly administered to untreated patients with essential hypertension, and autonomic nervous activity was investigated after a 4-week treatment period; and (3) patients with high heart rate values (>/=75 beats/min) who had been treated with a dihydropyridine L-type Ca channel inhibitor for 1 month or more were switched to efonidipine hydrochloride and any changes in autonomic nervous activity were investigated. In all protocols, administration of efonidipine hydrochloride decreased the heart rate in patients with a high heart rate, reduced sympathetic nervous activity, and enhanced parasympathetic nervous activity. In addition, myocardial scintigraphy with (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine showed significant improvement in the washout rate and H/M ratio of patients who were switched from other dihydropyridine Ca antagonists to efonidipine hydrochloride. Efonidipine hydrochloride inhibits increases in heart rate and has effects on the autonomic nervous system. It may be useful for treating hypertension and angina pectoris, and may also have a cardiac protective function.
Quantitative Proteome Analysis: Methods and Applications (2003)

With the completion of the genomic sequencing of a number of species, including that of humans, much attention is currently focused on how the information in these sequences might be interpreted in terms of the structure, function, and control of biologic systems and processes. Quantitative proteome analysis, the global analysis of protein expression, is increasingly being used as a method to study steady-state and perturbation-induced changes in protein profiles. The rationale for quantitative proteome analysis is described, along with a new technology for high throughput quantitative profiling of proteins in complex mixtures and its current status with selected applications.
A Foul Problem (2012)

From mussels to barnacles to algae, studies suggest that "hull-fouling" organisms could pose an invasion threat that is as great as if not greater than that from ballast creatures, researchers say.
Superconducting Nb&lt;inf&gt;3&lt;/inf&gt;Sn cavities with high microwave qualities (1977)

As the lower critical flux density B <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c1</inf> apparently presents no limit for microwave superconductivity, Type II superconductors with a high transition temperature offer advantages over niobium, the material normally used for superconducting cavities. We have developed Nb <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn cavities by exposing a Nb structure to a saturated tin vapour atmosphere at about 1000 °C. A report is given on the preparation of smooth and homogeneous Nb <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn layers and on measurements on X-band cavities. At 4.2 K, Q-values up to 2.7 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> have been measured which are higher by a factor of seventy than for Nb resonators at the same temperature. Critical flux densities of 89 mT at 4.2 K and 106 mT at 1.5 K have been reached. With Nb <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn cavities of this kind it would for the first time appear to be possible to operate superconducting cavities for technical applications at a temperature of 4.2 K. This would offer Considerable advantages.
The biological activity of polyhydroxyalkaloids from plants (1986)

Abstract Polyhydroxy derivatives of octahydroindolizine, piperidine and pyrrolidine have been isolated from plants and microorganisms. Many have proved to be potent and specific inhibitors of glycosidase enzymes from a variety of organisms: as such they have potential application in several areas of agricultural and medical research.