gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Segmentation of Dermoscopic Images by Iterative Classification (2011)

Accurate detection of the borders of skin lesions is a vital first step for computer aided diagnostic systems. This paper presents a novel automatic approach to segmentation of skin lesions that is particularly suitable for analysis of dermoscopic images. Assumptions about the image acquisition, in particular, the approximate location and color, are used to derive an automatic rule to select small seed regions, likely to correspond to samples of skin and the lesion of interest. The seed regions are used as initial training samples, and the lesion segmentation problem is treated as binary classification problem. An iterative hybrid classification strategy, based on a weighted combination of estimated posteriors of a linear and quadratic classifier, is used to update both the automatically selected training samples and the segmentation, increasing reliability and final accuracy, especially for those challenging images, where the contrast between the background skin and lesion is low.
Spatio-temporal variability in the structure of planktonic communities in eastern boundary upwelling systems (ebus): influence of coastal upwelling and of mesoscale activity (2018)

Esta tesis se enfoca en la caracterizacion de las comunidades planctonicas microbianas y en el analisis de sus cambios espacio- temporales asociados a la variabilidad oceanografica en la zona costera y de transicion costera de dos EBUSs con distintas dinamicas oceanograficas, el sistema de Cabo Ghir (31°N, EBUS de Canarias) y el sistema de Concepcion (36.5°S, EBUS de Humboldt). Se realizaron una serie de muestreos oceanograficos-biologicos in situ para cumplir con los objetivos de la tesis y esta data fue, combinada con data satelital para proporcionar un contexto espacio-temporal mayor al de los muestreos. Se utilizaron tecnicas de microscopia tradicional y citometria de flujo para identificacion de taxa o grupos funcionales y para las estimaciones de abundancia y biomasa. La similitud espacial y/o temporal en la estructura comunitaria microbiana en cada EBUS y la influencia de factores ambientales sobre la variabilidad en dicha estructura fue evaluada mediante analisis multivariados. En C. Ghir, donde la surgencia costera es permanente, los cambios espacio-temporales en la estructura de comunidades microbianas estan relacionados con las variaciones estacionales en la intensidad de la surgencia y con las proporciones de nutrientes. En comparacion una menor concentracion de nutrientes en la region de C. Ghir contribuye a la presencia de conjuntos de fotoautotrofos/mixotrofos. En Concepcion, donde la surgencia costera es altamente estacional, los cambios estacionales en la intensidad de la surgencia contribuyen a explicar las variaciones en la estructura comunitaria microbiana, mientras que las concentraciones de nutrientes permanecen altas durante el ciclo anual; las diatomeas microplanctonicas dominan el fitoplancton durante periodo de surgencia. Ademas, en el sistema de Concepcion, la actividad de mesoescala, representada por las interacciones frente-remolino, producen un intenso intercambio de especies de diatomeas entre aguas costeras y oceanicas. Los resultados obtenidos en esta tesis reflejan la alta complejidad asociada a la estructura de comunidades microbianas en los EBUSs pero permiten realizar proyecciones sobre los cambios comunitarios bajo un escenario de potencial intensificacion de los vientos en algunos de los EBUSs.
Biochemical Differentiation of the <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> with the Aid of Lysine-Iron-Agar (1966)

A procedure is described for identifying members of the family Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical specimens. The methods are based on primary differentiation of the various groups of bacteria by the use of Kligler Iron Agar and lysine-iron-agar. For identification of Salmonella, Shigella, and Arizona group organisms from stools, Triple Sugar Iron Agar and lysine-iron-agar are employed. The usefulness of this schema for diagnostic bacteriology laboratories is discussed. It is not intended to replace methods used in reference or research laboratories.
Modeling of magnetic field sensitivity of bipolar magnetotransistors using HSPICE (1995)

In this paper, we present simulation results of magnetic sensitivity for bipolar magnetotransistors using an equivalent circuit modeling approach. The magnetotransistors is suitably partitioned into inactive- and active-magnetic device regions where the latter is modeled using an appropriate circuit topology, based on magnetic field dependent resistors and voltage controlled current sources that account for the interaction of the magnetic field on the injected currents. The resulting equivalent circuit is generated and implemented into HSPICE and simulation results, and subsequent optimization, of magnetic sensitivity are obtained for various geometrical and technological parameters. The circuit approach presented here facilitates computer aided design (and optimization) of both sensor, the co-integrated circuitry, and their interactions, since it can all be done in the same environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The development of a high-performance perfluorinated polymer electret and its application to micro power generation (2008)

Recently, micro power generation using electrets has attracted much attention due to its large power output at a low frequency range. Since the theoretical power output is proportional to the square of the surface charge density of the electret, the development of a high-performance electret is required. In the present study, it is shown that the surface charge density of a CYTOP electret is significantly improved by the addition of terminal groups. Based on this fact, a novel high-performance polymer electret has been developed by doping a silane-coupling reagent into the polymer. A series of measurements of surface potential and TSD (thermally stimulated discharge) spectra was made for various CYTOP films prepared with different silane-coupling reagent concentrations. It is found that the surface charge density, charge stability and thermal resistibility of electric charges are markedly improved by the doping. A surface charge density of 1.5 mC cm−2, which is three times larger than that of Teflon AF, has been obtained on a 15 µm thick film. In addition, the thermal stability of the CYTOP electret is superior to that of Teflon AF. Power generation experiment is also performed using the patterned CYTOP electret of 20 × 20 mm2. At a low seismic frequency of 20 Hz, 0.7 mW power generation has been accomplished, which is about 2.5 times higher than our previous result.
Data access and transportation services for the CORBA environment (2002)

CORBA is an ideal environment in which to build component applications. However, the number of services available to support these component applications are lacking in certain areas of CORBA. This paper presents an overview of two services based in the CORBA environment. The Data Object Service provides a generic framework of interfaces to provide access to data in various heterogeneous data stores. The paper also discusses the similarities and differences between data object service and the OMG Persistent Object Service. The other service is the Stream Tunnel service. The Stream Tunnel Service allows distributed streams to be set-up. CORBA objects implementing the streamable interface of the OMG CosExternalization Service can be pushed and pulled through these streams. The streams can be implemented using different network data transport mechanisms. The paper describes an investigation into two data transport mechanisms-ORB based and socket based.
Deposition of Terminal C5b–9 Complement Complexes on Erythrocytes and Leukocytes during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (1988)

Hemolysis, leukopenia, a hemostatic deficit, and nonspecific systemic reactions collectively known as the postperfusion syndrome develop in patients who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass. We now report that terminal C5b-9 complement complexes are deposited on erythrocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes during cardiopulmonary bypass. Plasma samples taken from 48 unselected patients during and at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass contained raised levels of fluid-phase SC5b-9 complement complexes, indicating that the complement sequence had been activated to completion. Various degrees of overt intravascular hemolysis were observed in all the patients, and lysed erythrocyte membranes were recovered from the blood samples. Immunoassays performed with use of antibodies to C5b-9 neoantigens demonstrated the presence of C5b-9 on red-cell ghosts but not on intact erythrocytes. The appearance of ghosts carrying C5b-9 always coincided with hemolysis. Furthermore, granulocytes isolated from 20 patients during bypass were all found to carry C5b-9 complexes, whereas cells isolated before or 24 hours after surgery carried no C5b-9. The neoantigen-positive material present in detergent extracts of granulocytes sedimented in a broad peak (25 to 40 sedimentation coefficient [S]) in sucrose-density gradients, exactly as did pore-forming C5b-9 complexes. Deposition of C5b-9 on blood cells during cardiopulmonary bypass may be partly responsible for the hemolysis and may augment granulocyte activation by the stimulation of arachidonate metabolism in those cells.
Site-specific characterization of threonine, serine, and tyrosine glycosylations of amyloid precursor protein/amyloid β-peptides in human cerebrospinal fluid (2011)

The proteolytic processing of human amyloid precursor protein (APP) into shorter aggregating amyloid β (Aβ)-peptides, e.g., Aβ1-42, is considered a critical step in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although APP is a well-known membrane glycoprotein carrying both N- and O-glycans, nothing is known about the occurrence of released APP/Aβ glycopeptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We used the 6E10 antibody and immunopurified Aβ peptides and glycopeptides from CSF samples and then liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for structural analysis using collision-induced dissociation and electron capture dissociation. In addition to 33 unglycosylated APP/Aβ peptides, we identified 37 APP/Aβ glycopeptides with sialylated core 1 like O-glycans attached to Thr(-39, -21, -20, and -13), in a series of APP/AβX-15 glycopeptides, where X was -63, -57, -52, and -45, in relation to Asp1 of the Aβ sequence. Unexpectedly, we also identified a series of 27 glycopeptides, the Aβ1-X series, where X was 20 (DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFF), 19, 18, 17, 16, and 15, which were all uniquely glycosylated on Tyr10. The Tyr10 linked O-glycans were (Neu5Ac)(1-2)Hex(Neu5Ac)HexNAc-O- structures with the disialylated terminals occasionally O-acetylated or lactonized, indicating a terminal Neu5Acα2,8Neu5Ac linkage. We could not detect any glycosylation of the Aβ1-38/40/42 isoforms. We observed an increase of up to 2.5 times of Tyr10 glycosylated Aβ peptides in CSF in six AD patients compared to seven non-AD patients. APP/Aβ sialylated O-glycans, including that of a Tyr residue, the first in a mammalian protein, may modulate APP processing, inhibiting the amyloidogenic pathway associated with AD.
BIOPLUS: An eclectic laboratory information management system for the ORNL Radiobioassay Laboratory (1992)

Data management activities in analytical laboratories can include sample scheduling, logging, and tracking, as well as results collection and reporting. In the Radiobioassay Laboratory (RBL) such activities were formerly accomplished by entering data in log books and on forms followed by manual entry of data into a computer database. As sample load has increased and further emphasis has been placed on improving efficiency and on error reduction, it has become worthwhile to automate the laboratory`s information management. In addition, a Bioassay Data Management System (BDMS) has developed for use by all five of the DOE sites managed by Martin Marietta Energy Systems in order to centralize bioassay data management for internal dosimetry purposes. BIOPLUS, the LIMS described in this paper, provides an interface with BDMS and automates RBL information management to a large extent. The system provides for downloading personnel data from a central computer, logging in samples, and bar-code sample tracking, as well as recording, reporting, archiving, and trending of analysis results. Sketches of the hardware and software are presented along with some details of the instrument interface modules.
Serial Transplantation of Adult T Cell Leukemia Cells into Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice (1996)

The precise mechanism of the neoplastic cell growth of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) still remains unclear. In the present study, we have succeeded in serial transplantation of ATL cells from a patient into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. In this model, we found that only a leukemic cell clone from an ATL patient could be successively transplanted into SCID mice, although it was difficult to maintain leukemic cell clones in vitro, suggesting that the microenvironment provided by SCID mice is suitable for leukemic cell growth. We could not detect human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) mRNA or interleukin 2 (IL-2) mRNA in either the tumor cells growing in mice or the original leukemic cells. Thus, it appears that neither HTLV-I viral expression nor the IL-2 autocrine mechanism is directly involved in the neoplastic cell growth of fresh ATL cells as well as HTLV-I-infected cell lines, at least in SCID mice. In addition, we could passage frozen cells and obtain a large number of expanded leukemic cells in this model. Such a serial transplantation model, which can avoid the changes in the nature of leukemic cells that are frequently observed in in vitro culture, and which can propagate leukemic cell clones, would be very suitable not only to study the mechanism of neoplastic cell growth, but also to test potential therapeutic agents for ATL.
Polymorphisms of two fucosyltransferase genes (Lewis and Secretor genes) involving type I Lewis antigens are associated with the presence of anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody. (2001)

Helicobacter pylori attach to the gastric mucosa with adhesin, which binds to Lewis b (Le(b)) or H type I carbohydrate structures. The Secretor (Se) gene and Lewis (Le) gene are involved in type I Le antigen synthesis. The present study was performed to investigate the possibility that Se and Le gene polymorphisms alter the risk of H. pylori infection. Two hundred thirty-nine participants were genotyped for Se and Le and tested for the presence of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies. Using the normal gastric mucosa from 60 gastric cancer patients, we assessed immunohistochemically whether type I Le antigen expression depended on the Se and Le genotypes. The H. pylori infection rate was positively associated with the number of Se alleles (se/se group, 45.1%; Se/se group, 64.6%; and Se/Se group, 73.3%) and negatively associated with the number of Le alleles (le/le group, 76.4%; Le/le group, 68.3%; and Le/Le group, 55.6%). When the subjects were classified into three groups [low risk, (se/se, Le/Le) genotype; high risk, (Se/Se, le/le), (Se/Se, Le/le), and (Se/se, le/le) genotypes; moderate risk, other than low- or high-risk group], the odds ratio relative to the low-risk group was 3.30 (95% confidence interval, 1.40-7.78) for the moderate-risk group and 10.33 (95% confidence interval, 3.16-33.8) for the high-risk group. Immunohistochemical analysis supported the finding that Se and Le genotypes affected the expression of H. pylori adhesin ligands. We conclude that Se and Le genotypes affect susceptibility to H. pylori infection.
Reduced nonlinear distortion in circuits with correlated double sampling (2002)

It is shown that in a class of SC circuits using correlated double sampling (CDS), the harmonic distortion caused by op-amp non-linearity is greatly reduced. Hence, these circuits are very useful in applications such as input stages in high-linearity amplifiers or in delta-sigma converters, especially in a low-voltage technology.
mRNA 5′-leader <i>trans</i>-splicing in the chordates (2001)

We report the discovery of mRNA 5'-leader trans-splicing (SL trans-splicing) in the chordates. In the ascidian protochordate Ciona intestinalis, the mRNAs of at least seven genes undergo trans-splicing of a 16-nucleotide 5'-leader apparently derived from a 46-nucleotide RNA that shares features with previously characterized splice donor SL RNAs. SL trans-splicing was known previously to occur in several protist and metazoan phyla, however, this is the first report of SL trans-splicing within the deuterostome division of the metazoa. SL trans-splicing is not known to occur in the vertebrates. However, because ascidians are primitive chordates related to vertebrate ancestors, our findings raise the possibility of ancestral SL trans-splicing in the vertebrate lineage.
RFMapp: ribosome flow model application (2012)

Distributable cross-platform application and guideline are available for download at: http://www.cs.tau.ac.il/~tamirtul/RFM_Installers/install.htm.
Protein kinase C activates capacitative calcium entry in the insulin secreting cell line RINm5F (1994)

This study examines the calcium store‐regulated (capacitative) calcium influx pathway in the endocrine pancreatic cell line RINm5F, utilizing thapsigargin. After preincubation of the cells with the phorbol ester TPA, thapsigargin induced a sustained elevation of cytosolic calcium as well as a sustained stimulation of manganese entry, the latter being used to assess calcium influx. Thapsigargin given alone provoked a smaller and only transient elevation of cytosolic calcium and stimulation of manganese entry. The protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine antagonized the effect of the phorbol ester. Verapamil, nifedipine, or measures to hyperpolarize the cells exerted no inhibitory action against this effect, which excludes an involvement of voltage‐dependent calcium channels. In conclusion, our data shows for the first time that protein kinase C stimulation activates the capacitative calcium influx pathway of endocrine pancreatic insulin‐producing cells.
Comparison of contact pressures measured at the sacrum of young and elderly subjects (1989)

Contact (interface) pressure measurements were made between the sacrum of groups of young and elderly subjects lying upon two special mattresses used to prevent pressure sores. One mattress was an alternating air pressure mattress, the other a foam mattress. Contact pressures were measured using a hydraulic sensor taped directly to the skin over the sacrum. All mean pressures and 'pressure impulses' (total applied pressure per standard time period) appeared higher when measured among the elderly subjects. Compared with the pressures measured from young subjects, the maximum contact pressures were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) on both mattresses, with the pressure impulse higher while lying upon the foam mattress (p less than 0.05).
A social interaction model of anxiety sensitive to acutely administered benzodiazepines (1984)

Abstract Active social interaction (SI) and aggression (AGG) were recorded separately during 5‐min observation periods of pairs of male Wistar rats. There was little difference between the levels of SI in undrugged animals across ten different experimental conditions, involving the manipulation of environmental and social stimuli. When animals were housed and tested together, no increases in SI were observed with acute administration of chlordiazepoxide (CDZP, 8 mg/kg PO) irrespective of other environmental changes. When the only potentially anxiogenic stimulus used was a novel partner, a large increase in SI was observed with CDZP. With the exception of strong lighting, combinations of this and other stimuli resulted in smaller increases. When animals were housed and familiarized together but tested with a novel partner, the large increase in SI induced by CDZP was not associated with changes in locomotor activity and was maintained after subacute dosing when decreases in motor activity were absent. Furthermore, similar increases were observed with other benzodiazepines after acute administration in this protocol. This modified method of SI in the rat is more sensitive to the anxiolytic activity of benzodiazepines leading to their detection after acute administration.
Principle components analysis and Support Vector Machine based Intrusion Detection System (2010)

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is an important and necessary component in ensuring network security and protecting network resources and infrastructures. In this paper, we effectively introduced intrusion detection system by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Support Vector Machines (SVMs) as an approach to select the optimum feature subset. We verify the effectiveness and the feasibility of the proposed IDS system by several experiments on NSL-KDD dataset. A reduction process has been used to reduce the number of features in order to decrease the complexity of the system. The experimental results show that the proposed system is able to speed up the process of intrusion detection and to minimize the memory space and CPU time cost.
Product portfolio planning with customer-engineering interaction (2005)

A critical decision that faces companies across all industrial sectors is the selection of an optimal mix of product attributes to offer in the marketplace, namely product portfolio planning. The product portfolio planning problem has to date generally been considered from a marketing perspective, with the focus being on customer concerns i.e., how alternative sets of product attributes and attribute-level options interact and compete among the target customer segments. From the engineering perspective, the operational implications of product portfolio decisions have been tackled with a primary concern about the cost and complexity of interactions among multiple products in a manufacturing environment with increasing variety. Consideration of the customer and engineering interaction in product portfolio planning is becoming increasingly important, manifested by the efforts observed in many industries to improve the coordination of marketing, design and manufacturing activities across product and process platforms. This paper examines the benefits of integrating customer concerns over product offerings with more engineering implications. To leverage both the customer and engineering concerns, a maximizing shared-surplus model that considers customer preferences, choice probabilities and platform-based product costing, is proposed to address the product portfolio planning problem. A heuristic genetic algorithm procedure is applied to solve the mixed-integer combinatorial optimization problem involved in product portfolio planning. Initial findings from a case study on notebook computer portfolio planning suggests the importance of the research problem, as well as the feasibility and potential of the proposed framework.