gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sub-picosecond jitter SiGe BiCMOS transmit and receive PLLs for 12.5 Gbaud serial data communication (2002)

Fully integrated SiGe BiCMOS transmit and receive PLLs for 8B/10B coded 10 Gb/s serial links operate with excellent jitter characteristics. The transmit PLL (TxPLL) provides a 12.5 GHz clock with 0.4 ps rms jitter synthesized from a /spl sim/195.3 MHz reference. The receive PLL (RxPLL), which exhibits <0.56 ps rms jitter generation, extracts a full rate clock and recovers data from a 12.5 Gb/s input bit stream. The RxPLL operates error-free when tested with a 14 km optical link test bench. The power consumption of the TxPLL and RxPLL cores at 3.3 V are 270 mW and 330 mW, respectively.
Leakage power reduction in low-voltage CMOS designs (2002)

Lowering supply voltage is one of the most effective ways of reducing power dissipation. Low supply voltage requires the device threshold to be reduced in order to maintain performance. Due to the exponential relationship between the leakage current and the transistor threshold voltage in the weak inversion region, static current (and hence, static power power dissipation) can no longer be ignored. In this paper the author presents different design techniques such as multiple threshold voltage, dynamic threshold control, substrate biasing, and leakage control using transistor stacking to achieve large improvements in leakage power during both stand-by and active mode of operation.
Fluorine Interactions at the Thrombin Active Site: Protein Backbone Fragments HC<sub>α</sub>CO Comprise a Favorable CF Environment and Interactions of CF with Electrophiles (2004)

In a systematic fluorine scan of a rigid inhibitor to map the fluorophilicity/fluorophobicity of the active site in thrombin, one or more F substituents were introduced into the benzyl ring reaching into the D pocket. The 4-fluorobenzyl inhibitor showed a five to tenfold higher affinity than ligands with other fluorination patterns. X-ray crystal-structure analysis of the protein-ligand complex revealed favorable C-F...H-C(alpha)-C=O and C-F...C=O interactions of the 4-F substituent of the inhibitor with the backbone H-C(alpha)-C=O unit of Asn98. The importance of these interactions was further corroborated by the analysis of small-molecule X-ray crystal-structure searches in the Protein Data Base (PDB) and the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). In the C--F...C=O interactions that are observed for both aromatic and aliphatic C-F units and a variety of carbonyl and carboxyl derivatives, the F atom approaches the C=O C atom preferentially along the pseudotrigonal axis of the carbonyl system. Similar orientational preferences are also seen in the dipolar interactions C--F.C[triple chemical bond]N, C-F.C-F, and C-F...NO(2), in which the F atoms interact at sub-van der Waals distances with the electrophilic centers.
Digestive utilization of goat and cow milk fat in malabsorption syndrome (2001)

We studied the effects of goat and cow milk fat on the digestive utilization of this nutrient and on some of the biochemical parameters that are related to the metabolisim of lipids, using rats with a resection of 50% of the distal small intestine and control animals (transected). The fat content in all the diets was 10% but the lipid quality was varied: the standard diet was based on olive oil, while the other two diets included fat obtained from lyophilized goat milk and cow milk, respectively. The digestive utilization of the fat was lower in the resected animals than in the transected ones for all three diets studied. In both resected and transected animals. the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of the fat was greater with the standard diet (olive oil) than with diets whose fat content was provided by goat or cow milk. The digestive utilization of the fat was greater in the transected and resected rats receiving a diet of goat's milk (rich in medium-chain triglycerides) than those given a cow-milk-based diet and more closely approached the values obtained for olive oil. The consumption of goat milk reduced levels of cholesterol while levels of triglycerides, HDL, GOT and GPT remained with in the normal ranges, for both transected and resected animals. The advantageous effect of goat milk on the metabolisim of lipids with respect to cow milk suggests that the former should be included in the diet in eases of malabsorption snydrome.
Ray tracing technique and its verification for the analysis of highly multimode optical waveguides with rough surfaces (2001)

A novel hybrid ray tracing technique for the analysis of signal propagation in highly multimode optical waveguides with rough surfaces and its verification in part is presented. The technique combines geometrical optics with a light scattering model, based on wave optics by applying a Monte Carlo method. While the light scattering model takes mode coupling caused by surface irregularities into account, the ray tracing technique provides the analysis of light propagation in highly multimode waveguides with arbitrary shapes. The verification is obtained by calculating wave propagation within a slab waveguide with rough surfaces applying the well known coupled power theory, which provides the power of the guided modes versus the axial coordinate of the waveguide. Therefore, the ray tracing results are transformed into the discrete waveguide modes in order to compare the results.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF WOMEN IN SMALL-SCALE MINING IN T’BOLI SOUTH COTABATO (2015)

This study is situational analysis of T’boli women in mining in Kematu and Desawo, T’boli, South Cotabato, Philippines. A total of 84 women respondents who were involved in mining were interviewed. They were 18-50 years old, married and with a household size of 5 to 10. Many reached elementary level of education. Their role in mining varied from being cooks, stone washers, “banlasera”, sack washers and “unaw”. The cooks bring food to the miners who were usually members of their households. The “banlasera” miners fit their sieves or filters in the water to catch the gold particles present in the flowing water. Those who worked as “unaw” brushed special stones impregnated with gold particles and catch these in a container of water. The sack washers washed the sacks infiltrated with gold dust soaking in the river water. The jobs of the women in mining made them earn additional income for their family; however, they claimed that it was not enough to meet the needs of their households. Related to mining, almost all the women reported that they experienced various ailments like skin rashes, headaches, stomach trouble, skin allergy, cough, colds/influenza, chest pain, diarrhea, stroke and eye irritation. They believed that these ailments were caused by bacteria in the contaminated water, polluted air and sudden change of temperature in the environment (hot to cold or vice versa). Working in the mining area poses health risk because the women were directly exposed to the contaminated water and polluted environment. Looking at their welfare, it is of significant value to make them aware of the proper precautions. Moreover, pregnant women must not be allowed to work in the mining area to avoid health risks to among them and their babies.
Quantitative Analysis of Tyrosinase Transcripts in Blood (2000)

The results obtained with different RNA extraction methods illustrate the importance of quantitative methods for validation of methods. The use of QIAamp RNA improved the extraction efficiency considerably. Data from a case study suggest the assay is suitable in the follow-up of patients with high risk of developing metastases.
A synthetic approach to rocaglamide via reductive cyclization of .delta.-keto nitriles (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA synthetic approach to rocaglamide via reductive cyclization of .delta.-keto nitrilesGeorge A. Kraus and James O. SyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 1, 77–83Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00262a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views907Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (818 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Conformational properties of adenylyl-3'. -->. 5'-adenosine in aqueous solution (1976)

Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) is a common adverse health-related comorbidity that manifests later in life in patients with paediatric cancer. Current analgesia is ineffective, aligning closely with our lack of understanding of CINP. The aim of this study was to investigate how cisplatin induces nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neuroinflammation and nociceptor sensitisation. In a rat model of cisplatin-induced survivorship pain, cisplatin induced a neuroinflammatory environment in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), demonstrated by NGF-positive macrophages infiltrating into the DRG. Cisplatin-treated CD11b- and F4/80-positive macrophages expressed more NGF compared to those treated with vehicle control. Mouse primary DRG sensory neuronal cultures demonstrated enhanced NGF-dependent TRPV1-mediated nociceptor activity after cisplatin treatment. Increased nociceptor activity was also observed when cultured mouse DRG neurons were treated with conditioned medium from cisplatin-activated macrophages. Elevated nociceptor activity was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by an NGF-neutralising antibody. Intraperitoneal administration of the NGF-neutralising antibody reduced cisplatin-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and aberrant nociceptor intraepidermal nerve fibre density. These findings identify that a monocyte- or macrophage-driven NGF-TrkA pathway is a novel analgesic target for adult survivors of childhood cancer.
Protective Effects of Inosine on Mice Subjected to Lethal Total-body Ionizing Irradiation (2007)

Mammals can barely survive total-body ionizing irradiation greater than 10 Gy. To date, there are few drugs available for radioprotective therapy under such circumstances. Inosine, a natural derivative of adenosine, has been known to provide powerful protection for many kinds of cells and tissues against various insults both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we examined whether inosine was also beneficial for mammals subjected to an absolutely lethal total-body ionizing irradiation. Immediately after adult Balb/c mice were exposed to (60)Co gamma-rays at a single dose of 12 Gy, a moiety of them were administered daily with inosine or adenosine, either at doses of 375 or 750 micromol/kg up to death, and their body weight and survival time were recorded. Some irradiated mice were administered inosine or adenosine daily at doses of 750 micromol/kg and assessed for spatial memory abilities using the Morris water maze. The results demonstrated that, although inosine could not prevent body weight loss in irradiated mice, it was able to significantly prolong their survival time at doses of 750 micromol/kg. Moreover, inosine but not adenosine could suppress spatial memory deficit in irradiated mice. The data suggested that inosine had protective effects on mammals suffering from total-body ionizing irradiation at a single lethal dose.
MIDER: Network Inference with Mutual Information Distance and Entropy Reduction (2014)

The prediction of links among variables from a given dataset is a task referred to as network inference or reverse engineering. It is an open problem in bioinformatics and systems biology, as well as in other areas of science. Information theory, which uses concepts such as mutual information, provides a rigorous framework for addressing it. While a number of information-theoretic methods are already available, most of them focus on a particular type of problem, introducing assumptions that limit their generality. Furthermore, many of these methods lack a publicly available implementation. Here we present MIDER, a method for inferring network structures with information theoretic concepts. It consists of two steps: first, it provides a representation of the network in which the distance among nodes indicates their statistical closeness. Second, it refines the prediction of the existing links to distinguish between direct and indirect interactions and to assign directionality. The method accepts as input time-series data related to some quantitative features of the network nodes (such as e.g. concentrations, if the nodes are chemical species). It takes into account time delays between variables, and allows choosing among several definitions and normalizations of mutual information. It is general purpose: it may be applied to any type of network, cellular or otherwise. A Matlab implementation including source code and data is freely available (http://www.iim.csic.es/~gingproc/mider.html). The performance of MIDER has been evaluated on seven different benchmark problems that cover the main types of cellular networks, including metabolic, gene regulatory, and signaling. Comparisons with state of the art information-theoretic methods have demonstrated the competitive performance of MIDER, as well as its versatility. Its use does not demand any a priori knowledge from the user; the default settings and the adaptive nature of the method provide good results for a wide range of problems without requiring tuning.
From Charge Density Mismatch to a Simplified, More Efficient Seed-Assisted Synthesis of UZM-4 (2013)

The charge density mismatch (CDM) approach has been a strategy to apply multiple templates in the zeolite synthesis. In the synthesis of the UZM-4 zeolite, tetraethylammonium (TEA) aluminosilicate solution is used as CDM solution although the TEA cation is not incorporated in the final product. We focused on the aging process to prepare the CDM solution, and a more simplified pathway for the synthesis of UZM-4 is explored. The preparation of homogeneous aluminosilicate solution prior to the addition of crystallization-inducing templates, tetramethylammonium, and lithium cations in this work, is essential to the successful synthesis of UZM-4 crystals. We confirmed that small aluminosilicate species were formed under the preparation of CDM solution and stabilized in the liquid phase. On the basis of these results, the efficient, economical synthesis of the UZM-4 zeolite, eliminating the TEA aluminosilicate solution, was achieved for the first time by a seed-assisted approach.
Miscibility Calculation of GaN1-xPx Ternary Alloys (2006)

A theoretical calculation of the miscibility gap with considering the mismatch strain and elastic parameters was performed for the GaN1-xPx ternary alloys on (0001) GaN/sapphire substrates based on the strictly regular solution model. The calculated results show that the boundary of the spinodal isotherm shifts from x=0.06 to x=0.25 at the growth temperature of 1200 K as the strain factor increases from 0 to 1, indicating that the strain in the GaN1-xPx layers can suppress the phase separation. Meanwhile, with the increase of the effective elastic parameters of GaN and GaP, the available maximum P content also increases slightly at the growing temperature.
Trace CO <sub>2</sub> capture by an ultramicroporous physisorbent with low water affinity (2019)

CO<sub>2</sub> accumulation in confined spaces represents an increasing environmental and health problem. Trace CO<sub>2</sub> capture remains an unmet challenge because human health risks can occur at 1000 parts per million (ppm), a level that challenges current generations of chemisorbents (high energy footprint and slow kinetics) and physisorbents (poor selectivity for CO<sub>2</sub>, especially versus water vapor, and/or poor hydrolytic stability). Here, dynamic breakthrough gas experiments conducted upon the ultramicroporous material SIFSIX-18-Ni-β reveal trace (1000 to 10,000 ppm) CO<sub>2</sub> removal from humid air. We attribute the performance of SIFSIX-18-Ni-β to two factors that are usually mutually exclusive: a new type of strong CO<sub>2</sub> binding site and hydrophobicity similar to ZIF-8. SIFSIX-18-Ni-β also offers fast sorption kinetics to enable selective capture of CO<sub>2</sub> over both N<sub>2</sub> (<i>S</i> <sub>CN</sub>) and H<sub>2</sub>O (<i>S</i> <sub>CW</sub>), making it prototypal for a previously unknown class of physisorbents that exhibit effective trace CO<sub>2</sub> capture under both dry and humid conditions.
Microbial carboxylic ester hydrolases (EC 3.1.1) in food biotechnology (1993)

Journal Article Microbial carboxylic ester hydrolases (EC 3.1.1) in food biotechnology Get access A. M. McKay A. M. McKay Food Microbiology Research Division, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, and Department of Food Microbiology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 16, Issue 1, 1 January 1993, Pages 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.1993.tb01358.x Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Received: 20 July 1992 Accepted: 29 July 1992 Published: 01 January 1993
Classification of optic disc shape in glaucoma using machine learning based on quantified ocular parameters (2017)

The proposed machine learning system has proved to be good identifiers for different disc types with high accuracy. Additionally, the calculated confidence levels reported here should be very helpful for OAG care.
The double-edge sword effect of anti-CD73 cancer therapy (2012)

We and others have identified CD73 as a new cancer target. I hereafter discuss that targeted blockade of CD73 has the effect of a "double-edge sword," able on the one hand to rescue endogenous adaptive anti-tumor immune responses, and on the other hand, inhibit the metastatic potential of tumor cells.
Mitochondrial DNA Released by Trauma Induces Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (2015)

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are critical for anti-bacterial activity of the innate immune system. We have previously shown that mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), are released into the circulation after injury. We therefore questioned whether mtDNA is involved in trauma-induced NET formation. Treatment of human polymorphoneutrophils (PMN) with mtDNA induced robust NET formation, though in contrast to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation, no NADPH-oxidase involvement was required. Moreover, formation of mtDNA-induced NETs was completely blocked by TLR9 antagonist, ODN-TTAGGG. Knowing that infective outcomes of trauma in elderly people are more severe than in young people, we measured plasma mtDNA and NET formation in elderly and young trauma patients and control subjects. MtDNA levels were significantly higher in the plasma of elderly trauma patients than young patients, despite lower injury severity scores in the elderly group. NETs were not visible in circulating PMN isolated from either young or old control subjects. NETs were however, detected in PMN isolated from young trauma patients and to a lesser extent from elderly patients. Stimulation by PMA induced widespread NET formation in PMN from both young volunteers and young trauma patients. NET response to PMA was much less pronounced in both elderly volunteers' PMN and in trauma patients' PMN. We conclude that mtDNA is a potent inducer of NETs that activates PMN via TLR9 without NADPH-oxidase involvement. We suggest that decreased NET formation in the elderly regardless of higher mtDNA levels in their plasma may result from decreased levels of TLR9 and/or other molecules, such as neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase that are involved in NET generation. Further study of the links between circulating mtDNA and NET formation may elucidate the mechanisms of trauma-related organ failure as well as the greater susceptibility to secondary infection in elderly trauma patients.
What Makes You Click: An Empirical Analysis of Online Dating ⁄ (2005)

This paper uses a novel data set obtained from a major online dating service to draw inferences on mate preferences and the match outcomes of the site users. The data set contains detailed information on user attributes such as income, education, physique, and attractiveness, as well as information on the users&apos; religion, political inclination, etc. The data set also contains a detailed record of all online activities of the users. In particular, we know whether a site member approaches a potential mate and receives a reply, and we have some limited information on the content of the exchanged e-mails. A drawback of the data set is that we do not observe any &quot;offline&quot; activities. We first compare the reported demographic characteristics of the site users to the characteristics of the population-at-large. We then discuss the conditions under which the user&apos;s observed behavior reveals their mate preferences. We estimate these preferences and relate them to own and partner attributes. Finally, we predict the equilibrium structure of matches based on the preference estimates and a simple matching protocol, and compare the resulting sorting along attributes such as income and education to observed online matches and actual marriages in the U.S.
Representation and combination of uncertainty with belief functions and possibility measures (1988)

The theory of evidence proposed by G. Shafer is gaining more and more acceptance in the field of artificial intelligence, for the purpose of managing uncertainty in knowledge bases. One of the crucial problems is combining uncertain pieces of evidence stemming from several sources, whether rules or physical sensors. This paper examines the framework of belief functions in terms of expressive power for knowledge representation. It is recalled that probability theory and Zadeh's theory of possibility are mathematically encompassed by the theory of evidence, as far as the evaluation of belief is concerned. Empirical and axiomatic foundations of belief functions and possibility measures are investigated. Then the general problem of combining uncertain evidence is addressed, with focus on Dempster rule of combination. It is pointed out that this rule is not very well adapted to the pooling of conflicting information. Alternative rules are proposed to cope with this problem and deal with specific cases such as nonreliable sources, nonexhaustive sources, inconsistent sources, and dependent sources. It is also indicated that combination rules issued from fuzzy set and possibility theory look more flexible than Dempster rule because many variants exist, and their numerical stability seems to be better.
<i>JAK2</i> V617F and the evolving paradigm of polycythemia vera (2010)

Polycythemia vera (PV) was first described nearly 120 years ago. In the subsequent century, the clinical syndrome of PV, its natural history, its treatment, and many critical pathogenetic features of the disease were characterized. The discovery of the Janus-associated kinase - 2 mutation JAK2 V617F and the characterization of its role in myeloproliferative neoplasms have substantially changed the diagnostic paradigm for PV, and have potential to lead to new therapy and new pathogenetic insights.