gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Industrial Applications of Hydrogen (2018)

This chapter attempts to review the industrial usages of hydrogen as well as highlight potential areas where such industrial usage could become significant in the future. The largest industrial application of hydrogen is as a chemical feedstock for production of certain chemicals. The bulk of chemical hydrogen consumption is in one of three main industries: ammonia manufacture, petroleum refining and petrochemicals, and methanol production. In addition to these areas, minor quantities of hydrogen are consumed in metals treating, edible oil production, and other applications. The following text will review hydrogen utilization within each industry. Hydrogen for the production of the ammonia synthesis gas is produced primarily by the reforming of natural gas. Hydrogen is consumed in the petroleum refining industry in several processing options. The total hydrogen consumed by these operations makes the petroleum refining industry the largest consumer of hydrogen today.
Trimethylsilyl Chloride-Tin(II) Chloride-Anisole: A Novel Selective<i>p</i>-Methoxybenzyl Ether Cleavage Reagent (1992)

A combination system of trimethylsilyl chloride, anisole, and a catalytic amount of tin(II) chloride cleaved p-methoxybenzyl ethers selectively in the presence of benzyl ethers under mild conditions to afford parent alcohols in high yields.
The Innas Hydraulic Transformer The Key to the Hydrostatic Common Pressure Rail (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Through a series of incremental innovations, load sensing (LS) has become the current state-of-the-art in hydrostatic transmission technology. The Common Pressure Rail (CPR) is an alternative way to create a hydrostatic transmission. Although CPR systems offer considerable advantages over LS systems, they never really broke through. The main reason for this was the lack of a good solution to drive linear loads from a common pressure rail. The Innas Hydraulic Transformer (IHT) has been developed to fill this gap. It is a young component but has matured to a stage where a series production within the next two years should be possible. Because of its simple construction, its dynamic capacity, its low control power requirement and its efficiency it can be used to control both linear and rotary loads from a common pressure rail. With the IHT, the potential of CPR systems can finally be unleashed.</div>
Compact image representation from multiscale edges (2002)

The edges of an image can be detected at different scales from the local maxima of its wavelet transform. an algorithm is described that reconstructs images from their edges at dyadic scales. The wavelet maxima representation is a novel reorganization of the image information that makes it possible to develop algorithms uniquely based on edges for solving image processing and computer vision problems. The evolution of the wavelet maxima across scales gives a precise characterization of the edge type which can be used for pattern recognition. A coding algorithm is described that selects the most important image edges in order to obtain a compact representation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Robust Graph Mode Seeking by Graph Shift (2010)

In this paper, we study how to robustly compute the modes of a graph, namely the dense subgraphs, which characterize the underlying compact patterns and are thus useful for many applications. We first define the modes based on graph density function, then propose the graph shift algorithm, which starts from each vertex and iteratively shifts towards the nearest mode of the graph along a certain trajectory. Both theoretic analysis and experiments show that graph shift algorithm is very efficient and robust, especially when there exist large amount of noises and outliers. 1.
Contribution of light holes to thermionic field emission in Si and Ge (1985)

Light holes (LH) may give the main contribution to the thermionic field-emission (TFE) current through grain boundaries in Si and Ge. In spite of only a small concentration, the LH dominate because their transmission probability through the potential barrier may be several orders of magnitude larger than the probability for the heavy holes (HH). In order to explain the temperature dependence of the TFE current, previous authors were forced to introduce a lowering of the potential barrier with decreasing temperature. However, taking into account the contribution of the LH in TFE is equivalent to a lowering of the potential barrier because it results in a slower decrease of the current than found in previous calculations with only one type of holes.
Knowledge Discovery Techniques For Talent Forecasting In Human Resource Application (2009)

Human Resource (HR) applications can be used to provide fair and consistent decisions, and to improve the effectiveness of decision making processes. Besides that, among the challenge for HR professionals is to manage organization talents, especially to ensure the right person for the right job at the right time. For that reason, in this article, we attempt to describe the potential to implement one of the talent management tasks i.e. identifying existing talent by predicting their performance as one of HR application for talent management. This study suggests the potential HR system architecture for talent forecasting by using past experience knowledge known as Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) or Data Mining. This article consists of three main parts; the first part deals with the overview of HR applications, the prediction techniques and application, the general view of Data mining and the basic concept of talent management in HRM. The second part is to understand the use of Data Mining technique in order to solve one of the talent management tasks, and the third part is to propose the potential HR system architecture for talent forecasting.
Sp1-like activity mediates angiotensin-II-induced plasminogen-activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) gene expression in mesangial cells (2000)

Angiotensin II (Ang II) up-regulates plasminogen-activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) expression in mesangial cells to enhance extracellular matrix formation. The proximal promoter region (bp -87 to -45) of the human PAI-1 gene contains several potent binding sites for transcription factors [two phorbol-ester-response-element (TRE)-like sequences; D-box (-82 to -76) and P-box (-61 to 54), and one Sp1 binding site-like sequence, Sp1-box 1 (-72 to -67)]. We studied this region to determine the transcription factor(s) that mediates Ang-II-induced transcriptional activation of the PAI-1 gene. Various double-stranded decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) corresponding to various sequences in the proximal promoter region were transfected to mesangial cells to examine the effects on Ang-II-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression. Transfection with the full-length decoy (bp -87 to -45, D-P-ODN) markedly attenuated Ang-II-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression by up to 70%. Transfection with D-ODN (-87 to -71) and P-ODN (-66 to -45), which correspond to each of the two TRE-like sequences, did not attenuate the expression. Gel-shift assays using nuclear extracts prepared from Ang-II-treated mesangial cells and D-P-ODN showed three specific complexes. The major complex was supershifted by anti-Sp1 antibody. The methylation-interference experiment demonstrated that human recombinant Sp1 bound to the so-called GT box (TGGGTGGGGCT, -78 to -69), which contains the Sp1-box 1. The complex that migrated with anti-Sp1 antibody was enhanced in the cells treated with Ang II. Further, D-Sp1-ODN (-85 to -63) containing the GT box attenuated up-regulation of PAI-1 mRNA expression induced by Ang II to a level (68±9% inhibition) comparable to D-P-ODN, whereas ODN with four mutations in the GT box had no effect. Our findings suggest that binding of Sp1 or an Sp1-like transcription factor to the GT box in the PAI-1 promoter up-regulates PAI-1 gene transcription in mesangial cells stimulated with Ang II. This transcription-factor binding site may be targeted to control Ang-II-dependent extracellular matrix formation by mesangial cells.
Wave field of a vibrator on a layered half‐space: Theory and practice (1988)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1988Wave field of a vibrator on a layered half‐space: Theory and practiceAuthors: G. J. M. BaetenF. P. L. StrijbosG. J. M. BaetenDelft University of Technology, Netherlands and F. P. L. StrijbosDelft University of Technology, Netherlandshttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892404 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892404FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byStudy on dynamics of vibrator baseplate at low and high frequencies30 June 2017 | Journal of Vibroengineering, Vol. 19, No. 4On the mechanical vibrator-earth contact geometry and its dynamicsRik Noorlandt and Guy Drijkoningen12 April 2016 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 81, No. 3Enhancing the low-frequency amplitude of ground force from a seismic vibrator through reduction of harmonic distortionZhouhong Wei and Thomas F. Phillips21 June 2013 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 78, No. 4Geophysical benefits from an improved seismic vibrator22 September 2011 | Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 60, No. 3Break through the limits of vibroseis data quality31 August 2011 | Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 60, No. 2Fundamental discussions on seismic vibratorsZhouhong Wei, Thomas F. Phillips, and Michael A. Hall18 November 2010 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 75, No. 6Modelling and modal analysis of seismic vibrator baseplateGeophysical Prospecting, Vol. 58, No. 1How do hydraulic vibrators work? A look inside the black boxGeophysical Prospecting, Vol. 58, No. 1 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1988ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1988 Pages: 1359 publication data© 1988 Copyright © 1988 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION G. J. M. Baeten and F. P. L. Strijbos, (1988), "Wave field of a vibrator on a layered half‐space: Theory and practice," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 92-96. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892404 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Return to the moon - The Lunar Observer mission (1990)

The Lunar Observer mission seeks to understand the moon in its global context. Motivation for this project comes from scientific interest and the need for robotic precursor missions in the proposed Space Exploration Initiative. The multiple roles to be performed by this mission mean that the trajectory design process promises to be quite complex and unique. The choice of launch vehicle, launch opportunity and daily launch window are affected by the selection of the translunar transfer trajectory, as well as the arrival conditions desired at lunar orbit insertion. The length of the mission and the tight lunar orbit control requirements determine the design of the circumlunar portions of the Lunar Observer mission.
Peptide V: a VGF-derived neuropeptide purified from bovine posterior pituitary (1994)

The objective of this study was to purify PRL-releasing factor (PRF) from the bovine posterior pituitary (PP) and determine its structure. Five hundred bovine PPs were acid extracted and fractionated using gel filtration chromatography followed by semipreparative and analytical HPLC. PRF activity was determined by an in vitro bioassay. After six chromatographic steps, a single peak with PRF activity was resolved. As determined by mass spectrometry and microsequencing, this peak contained a major peptide composed of 30 amino acids with a mol wt of 3708K. A synthetic peptide was then produced by solid-phase synthesis. When tested both in vivo and in vitro, the synthetic peptide lacked PRF activity. Further HPLC fractionation under different conditions resolved the synthetic peptide from a highly purified PRF activity. This indicated that the isolated peptide was coincidentally eluted with PRF during the purification. The major isolated peptide has 94% identity with a sequence at the C-terminus of a rat protein named VGF. VGF is a nerve growth factor-inducible protein that has been identified in PC12 cells and is localized in selected sites throughout the central nervous system. The isolated peptide has an Arg-Arg cleavage site at its junction within the VGF protein. Based on this information, we named this substance Peptide V (VGF-derived peptide). We postulate that Peptide V is: 1) a natural cleavage product of the VGF protein; 2) produced and processed either in the hypothalamus or within the pituitary proper, and 3) a releasable peptide that fulfills one or more endocrine functions.
Transparent and flexible carbon nanotube/polypyrrole and carbon nanotube/polyaniline pH sensors (2006)

Abstract Thin film Carbon Nanotube (CNT) networks are used as a conductive, transparent and flexible electrode for electrochemically depositing a conducting polymer on it, polypyrrole or polyaniline in the present work. We analyse the properties of the device as an electrochemical sensor, measuring his pH dependence by recording the open circuit potential in various buffer solutions, ranging from pH 1 to 13. The results show a good sensitivity, linearity and stability in both cases. In the case of CNT/polyaniline, it can be used simply as an optical sensor, as the colour of polyaniline changes with pH. The CNT/polypyrrole and CNT/polyaniline devices could have applications as solid state gas sensor or biosensor deposited on any shape of surface that can be transparent and flexible. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Modeling of I/O Performance Interference in Virtualized Environments with Queueing Petri Nets (2014)

Virtualization technology allows to share the physical resources used in IT infrastructures for efficient and flexible system operation. Sharing of physical resources, however, comes usually at the cost of performance and poses significant challenges to respect the Quality-of-Service of consolidated data-intensive applications due to the mutual performance interference among the applications. The non-trivial impact of workload consolidation on the I/O performance can be anticipated using explicit performance analysis techniques. In current practice, however, explicit modeling of I/O performance interference effects in virtualized environments is usually avoided due to their complexity. In this paper, we present an explicit performance modeling approach of I/O performance interference in virtualized environments with queueing Petri nets (QPNs). More specifically, we first highlight major challenges when modeling I/O performance in virtualized environments. Then, we create a single-VM I/O performance model calibrated with response time measurements to capture the complex behavior of a representative, real-world environment based on IBM System z and IBM DS8700 server hardware. Finally, we use the I/O performance model to evaluate the I/O performance when the workload is distributed heterogeneously on colocated virtual machines. Overall, we effectively create an I/O performance interference model capturing the I/O performance effects in a multi-VM environment with less than 10% prediction error on average.
Decreased aortic glutathione levels may contribute to impaired nitric oxide‐induced relaxation in hypercholesterolaemia (2000)

The aim of this study was to determine if the decrease in aortic total glutathione (GSH) levels in hypercholesterolaemia is related to the impairment of relaxation to acetylcholine (ACh) and exogenous nitric oxide (NO). Isometric tension and vascular GSH levels were measured in thoracic aortic rings from rabbits fed for 12 weeks with 0.5% cholesterol diet. Hypercholesterolaemia decreased aortic GSH levels and impaired relaxation to ACh and NO. To determine if GSH depletion impaired the response to NO, normal rabbit thoracic aorta was incubated with 1,3-bis [2-chloroethyl]-1-nitrosourea (BCNU; 0.2 mmol L(-1)), a GSH reductase inhibitor, or diazine-dicarboxylic acid bis [N, N dimethylamide] (diamide; 1 mmol L(-1)), a thiol oxidizing agent. BCNU or diamide decreased aortic GSH levels and impaired ACh and NO-induced relaxation. The effects of diamide on GSH levels and relaxation were partially prevented by co-incubation with GSH ester (GSE; 2 mmol L(-1)). Increasing GSH with GSE significantly enhanced NO-induced relaxation in aorta from both hypercholesterolaemic and normal rabbits, however relaxation of hypercholesterolaemic rabbit aorta was not restored to normal. These data suggest that other factors, perhaps related to the long-term decrease in GSH levels, are responsible for reduced NO bioactivity in hypercholesterolaemia.
Application of ECS in desulfuration system of power plant (2008)

The successful integration of ECS(Electric Control System) into DCS(Distributed Control System) in desulfuration system of 2 × 300 MW power plant is introduced. Analysis shows that,by the optimization of ECS networking and the proper selection of communicate protocol,the requirements of DCS for the soft acquisition and control of electric variables involved in sequential control via ECS are wholly met,the investment is cut,the operation and maintenance is simplified,and the management level is enhanced.
<i>In vivo</i> evaluation of injectable thermosensitive polymer with time‐dependent LCST (2008)

The focus of this study was to examine the biocompatibility, time-dependent LCST, and bioerodable properties of a copolymer system composed of NIPAAm, dimethyl-gamma-butyrolactone (DMBL), and acrylic acid (AAc). Sprague Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected with 25 wt % solutions of poly(NIPAAm-co-DMBL-co-AAc). At predetermined times, animals were sacrificed and polymer implants were recovered for characterization via 1H-NMR. In addition, polymer-contacting tissue sections were harvested and processed for histology. The biocompatibility of the implants was assessed by counting the number of fibroblasts and leukocytes present at the tissue-implant interface. The LCST data obtained from the in vivo implants was shown to agree with that of in vitro findings. Implant mass was shown to decrease after 4 days, indicating accelerated diffusion rates with increased implant swelling, hydrolytic degradation was confirmed with 1H-NMR measurements. The cellular presence at the copolymer implant-tissue interface was shown to return to that of normal tissue 30 days postimplantation, which suggests a normal wound healing response.
3D sound image localization by interaural differences and the median plane HRTF (2002)

A new 3-D localization method by simulating interaural differences and the HRTF in a sagittal plane is proposed. This method is based on the supposition that the spectral cues would be common in any sagittal plane. Localization tests were performed to examine the method. The results infer that a sound image of any directions can be localized using the HRTF in the median plane and interaural differences. Furthermore, localization tests in which ITD or ILD is simulated separately indicate that ITD is dominant on the perception of the lateral angle. 1.
Jumps in Financial Markets: A New Nonparametric Test and Jump Dynamics (2007)

This article introduces a new nonparametric test to detect jump arrival times and realized jump sizes in asset prices up to the intra-day level. We demonstrate that the likelihood of misclassification of jumps becomes negligible when we use high-frequency returns. Using our test, we examine jump dynamics and their distributions in the U.S. equity markets. The results show that individual stock jumps are associated with prescheduled earnings announcements and other company-specific news events. Additionally, S&P 500 Index jumps are associated with general market news announcements. This suggests different pricing models for individual equity options versus index options. The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org., Oxford University Press.
Purification and characterization of androgen receptor from steer seminal vesicle (1982)

The androgen receptor has been purified from steer seminal vesicle cytosol by a combination of differential DNA-Sepharose 4B chromatography and testosterone 17 beta-hemisuccinyl-3,3'-diaminodipropylamine-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography. The procedure produced about 3 micrograms of receptor protein from 35 g of steer seminal vesicle, with a yield of 48%. The receptor protein, as a complex with unlabeled testosterone, was purified approximately 540000-fold. A single band, migrating at 60000 daltons, was observed following electrophoresis on a polyacrylamide gel containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaDoDSO4). This was confirmed by affinity labeling of the partially purified receptor with both 17-hydroxy-17 alpha-[3H]methyl-4,9,11-estratrien-3-one and 17 beta-hydroxy-[1,2,4,5,6,7,16,17-3H8)-5 alpha-androstan-3-one 17-(2-bromoacetate), which showed a peak of radioactivity migrating at 60000 daltons by NaDoDSO4 gel electrophoresis. The receptor had an estimated Stokes radius of 35 A and a sedimentation coefficient of 3.8 S in the presence of 0.3 M NaCl. The calculated molecular weight and frictional ratio for the androgen binding activity were 57000 and 1.42, respectively. Chromatofocusing of the purified receptor protein revealed an isoelectric point of 6.6. [3H]Methyltrienolone, bound to the purified receptor, was displaced with methyl-trienolone greater than testosterone greater than 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone much greater than 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-androsten-17-one much greater than 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol. The physicochemical properties of the purified receptor were similar to those of the receptor in crude cytosol. These results demonstrate that the androgen receptor from steer seminal vesicle was substantially purified without significant modification of its physicochemical or steroid binding properties.
Quantitative polysome analysis identifies limitations in bacterial cell‐free protein synthesis (2005)

Abstract Cell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS) is becoming increasingly used for protein production as yields increase and costs decrease. CFPS optimization efforts have focused primarily on energy supply and small molecule metabolism, though little is known about the protein synthesis machinery or what limits protein synthesis rates. Here, quantitative polysome profile analysis was used to characterize cell‐free translation, thereby elucidating many kinetic parameters. The ribosome concentration in Escherichia coli ‐based CFPS reactions was 1.6 ± 0.1 μM, with 72 ± 4% actively translating at maximal protein synthesis rate. A translation elongation rate of 1.5 ± 0.2 amino acids per second per ribosome and an initiation rate of 8.2 × 10 −9 ± 0.3 × 10 −9 M/s, which correlates to, on average, one initiation every 60 ± 9 s per mRNA, were determined. The measured CFPS initiation and elongation rates are an order of magnitude lower than the in vivo rates and further analysis identified elongation as the major limitation. Adding purified elongation factors (EFs) to CFPS reactions increased the ribosome elongation rate and protein synthesis rates and yields, as well as the translation initiation rate, indicating a possible coupling between initiation and elongation. Further examination of translation initiation in the cell‐free system showed that the first initiation on an mRNA is slower than subsequent initiations. Our results demonstrate that polysome analysis is a valid tool to characterize cell‐free translation and to identify limiting steps, that dilution of translation factors is a limitation of CFPS, and that CFPS is a useful platform for making novel observations about translation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.