gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measuring student retention at an online institution of higher education (2010)

Student persistence or retention has been a documented issue in higher education in the United States since the late 1800s. While much has been written about the topic of retention at the more traditional types of institutions, little has been written about retention at the online institutions of higher learning that have developed since the early 1990s. Research regarding the persistence rates of students in online degree programs at online institutions could provide guidance on ways in which to diagnose and improve online student retention during a period of anticipated growth in enrollments and during a period where the nation's ability to increase the capacity of traditional education is financially difficult. This study uses descriptive statistics and multiple regressions to analyze the relationship between demographic and academic performance data and student retention at an online university. The results of the analysis were used to propose alternative data collection methodologies for the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) for online institutions. IPEDS collects graduation rates for first time, full time freshmen. The majority of students at online institutions are adults who complete their degrees on a part-time basis. Many have earned academic credits at a previously attended institution. Online students may take as long as 10 years to earn a bachelor's degree, not counting the time for credits earned elsewhere. The regression analysis demonstrates that the independent variables with the most significance toward student disenrollment or dropout were no transfer of academic credit hours, a lower number of courses taken by the student in the first year, and grades of F or W in their last class completed. The descriptive analysis indicates that almost 30 percent of new students dropout from online institutions before completing the equivalent of one full-time academic semester. The research concludes by proposing that IPEDS match its completions data collected against annual new student starts to track the retention of the large number of part-time students attending online colleges and universities.
Prediction of prospective medical claims and absenteeism costs for 1284 hourly workers from a manufacturing company. (1992)

Multivariate regression models were developed to predict the employer's economic costs (medical claims payments and loss from employees' absenteeism) from selected health-related measures among 1284 hourly employees. Twelve health-related measures, mainly from a Health Risk Appraisal (HRA) completed in 1985, were selected as predictors. Regression models were developed according to the economic measures for the three subgroups (men under 35, men 35 or older, and women). All the regression models significantly predicted economic costs from selected health-related measures with a multiple R2 range of .23 to .13 (P less than .001).
Peas: Genetics, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (1993)

1: The pea crop, D R Davies 2: The nuclear genome, T H N Ellis 3: The plastid genome,T H N Ellis 4: Regulation of gene expression, P M Gilmartin 5: Genetic and developmental analysis of the seed, T L Wang and C L Hedley 6: Biochemistry and molecular biology of seed products, R Casey, C A MDomoney and A M Smith 7: Developmental mutants, I C Murfet and J B Reid 8: Molecular approaches to the study of diseases of peas, A Vivian 9: Root nodules, Rhizobium and nitrogen fixation, N J Brewin, M J Ambroseand J A Downie 10: Tissue culture and transformation, D R Davies and P M Mullineaux 11: Opportunities in relation to developments in plant biotechnology, D RDavies
An accelerated FFT algorithm for thermoelastic and non‐linear composites (2008)

Abstract A fast numerical algorithm to compute the local and overall responses of non‐linear composite materials is developed. This alternative formulation allows us to improve the convergence of the existing method of Moulinec and Suquet (e.g. Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. 1998; 157 (1–2):69–94). In the present method, a non‐linear elastic (or conducting) material is replaced by infinitely many locally linear thermoelastic materials with moduli that depend on the values of the local fields. This makes it possible to use the advantages of an algorithm developed by Eyre and Milton ( Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 1999; 6 (1):41–47), which has faster convergence. The method is applied to compute the local fields as well as the effective response of non‐linear conducting and elastic periodic composites. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implications of Shifting Health Care Policy for Caregiving in Canada (1993)

The health care system in Canada, like other industrialized countries, is undergoing a questioning and a change unlike any it has seen for many decades. This article begins with a brief description of the Canadian health care system, then discusses the shifts taking place in health care policy, the assumptions behind these shifts, and the choices that are being made. The current debate draws on knowledge about seniors and their caregivers. The shifts also have implications for caregiving, and these are examined. It is concluded that the new vision of an appropriate health care system that is emerging provides opportunity for greater recognition of and participation by caregivers. At the same time, however, it holds the danger that the burden of care will be shifted even more to their shoulders. It is not yet clear which direction it is going to take.
Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 as a Signaling Molecule for Focal Adhesion Kinase pp125FAK and pp60 (1998)

Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is a major substrate of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I receptors, which upon phosphorylation on tyrosine docks several signaling molecules. Recently, IRS-1 was found to interact with alphav beta3 integrins upon insulin stimulation. Integrins are transmembrane proteins that play an important role in adhesion between cells and between cells and extracellular matrix. One of the major proteins implicated in integrin signaling is pp125(FAK), a cytosolic tyrosine kinase, which upon integrin engagement becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated and subsequently binds to c-Src. Here, we established a mammalian two-hybrid system to show that pp125(FAK) binds to IRS-1. This association depends largely on the C terminus of pp125(FAK) but not on pp125(FAK) tyrosine kinase activity. Furthermore, we observed co-immunoprecipitation of pp125(FAK) with IRS-1 in 293 cells, suggesting a possible biological function of this association. When IRS-1 was expressed in 293 cells together with pp125(FAK) or Src, we found extensive IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation. In pp125(FAK)-expressing cells, this was concomitant with increased association of IRS-1 with Src homology 2-containing proteins such as growth factor receptor-bound protein 2, phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase p85alpha subunit, and Src homology 2-containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase-2. In addition, pp125(FAK)-induced association of IRS-1 with PI 3-kinase resulted in increased PI 3-kinase activity. In contrast, no change in mitogen-activated protein kinase activity was observed, indicating that pp125(FAK)-induced association between IRS-1 and growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 does not affect the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Moreover, we found that engagement of integrins induced IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation. Considering our results together, we suggest that integrins and insulin/insulin-like growth factor-I receptor signaling pathways converge at an early point in the signaling cascade, which is the IRS-1 protein.
On the energy efficiency of graphics processing units for scientific computing (2009)

The graphics processing unit (GPU) has emerged as a computational accelerator that dramatically reduces the time to discovery in high-end computing (HEC). However, while today's state-of-the-art GPU can easily reduce the execution time of a parallel code by many orders of magnitude, it arguably comes at the expense of significant power and energy consumption. For example, the NVIDIA GTX 280 video card is rated at 236 watts, which is as much as the rest of a compute node, thus requiring a 500-W power supply. As a consequence, the GPU has been viewed as a ldquonon-greenrdquo computing solution. This paper seeks to characterize, and perhaps debunk, the notion of a ldquopower-hungry GPUrdquo via an empirical study of the performance, power, and energy characteristics of GPUs for scientific computing. Specifically, we take an important biological code that runs in a traditional CPU environment and transform and map it to a hybrid CPU+GPU environment. The end result is that our hybrid CPU+GPU environment, hereafter referred to simply as GPU environment, delivers an energy-delay product that is multiple orders of magnitude better than a traditional CPU environment, whether unicore or multicore.
Compressed tries (1976)

This paper presents a new data structure, called a compressed trie or C-trie, to be used in information retrieval systems. It has the same underlying m-ary tree structure as a trie, where m is a parameter of the trie, but whereas the fields of the nodes in a trie have to be large enough to hold a key or at least a pointer, the fields in a C-trie are only one bit long. In the analysis part of the paper it will be shown that for a collection of n keys the retrieval time, measured in terms of bit inspections of one key, is of the order log m n and the storage requirement of the order n·(m + log 2 n) bits. This improvement in storage requirements and retrieval time is achieved at the cost of decreasing the flexibility of the structure, and therefore updating costs are increased. First the C-trie is analyzed as a data structure, and then several methods of its use for relatively static databases are discussed.
A NOVEL ADAPTIVE BEAMFORMING TECHNIQUE APPLIED ON LINEAR ANTENNA ARRAYS USING ADAPTIVE MUTATED BOOLEAN PSO (2011)

The present work introduces a new optimization technique suitable for adaptive beamforming of linear antenna arrays. The proposed technique is a new PSO variant called Adaptive Mutated Boolean PSO (AMBPSO) where the update formulae are implemented exclusively in Boolean form by using an e-ciently adaptive mutation process. The AMBPSO aims at estimating the excitation weights applied on the array elements considering that a desired signal and several interference signals are received by the array at respective directions of arrival. In order to exhibit the robustness of the technique, the optimization process does not take into account the interference correlation matrix. A certain power level of additive Gaussian noise is also considered by the technique. The AMBPSO has been applied in several cases of uniform linear antenna arrays with difierent spacing between adjacent elements and difierent noise power level and therefore seems to be quite promising in the smart antenna technology.
New color filter arrays of high light sensitivity and high demosaicking performance (2011)

For high light sensitivity, new CFA designs use panchromatic pixels, aka white pixels, that no visible spectrum energy is filtered. Kodak's CFA2.0 has 50% white pixels, but the demosaicking performance is not good. We present in this work a set of new color filter arrays (CFA) of high light sensitivity and high demosaicking performance which were obtained by using a CFA design methodology in the frequency domain. The new patterns are of size 5×5 and come from the same frequency structure, which has one luma in the base band at (0, 0) and four chromas (two conjugate pairs) placed at (4π/5, 2π/5), (- 4π/5, - 2π/5), (2π/5, - 4π/5) and (- 2π/5, 4π/5), respectively. The new patterns are optimized to have only white (panchromatic) and three primary color pixels and the pixels are found to be 40% white, 20% red, 20% green and 20% blue by pixel color constrained optimization. Our demosaicking experiments show that our new CFA patterns outperform Kodak CFA2.0 in both objective and subjective quality.
Predicting the Postoperative Intraocular Lens Position Using Continuous Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography Measurements (2013)

The main problem of IOL power calculation, the prediction of the IOL position after surgery, could possibly be reduced by using intraoperative lens capsule measurements instead of preoperative ACD measurements. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01867541.).
Vasopressin increases AQP-CD water channel in apical membrane of collecting duct cells in Brattleboro rats (1995)

The effect of vasopressin on subcellular localization of AQP-CD and AQP3 water channels was examined in thirsted Brattleboro rats by immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy. AQP-CD was mainly present in the cytoplasm of the collecting duct cells in association with cytoplasmic vesicles but was sparse in the apical membrane in control vehicle-injected rats. In rats given vasopressin 15 min before death, the number of immunogold particles for AQP-CD in the apical membrane increased significantly (P < 0.002) from 1.8 +/- 0.2 to 10.0 +/- 0.4/microns with a significant decrease (P < 0.05) of cytoplasmic labeling from 32.6 +/- 6.4 to 24.6 +/- 5.6/microns 2, indicating that AQP-CD is the vasopressin-regulated water channel predicted by the "shuttle" hypothesis. In contrast, AQP3 was restricted to the basolateral membrane of the collecting duct cells, and the labeling density of AQP3 was unchanged by vasopressin treatment, indicating that AQP3 is constitutively expressed and may maintain high water permeability of the basolateral membrane.
Deriving music theme annotations from user tags (2009)

Music theme annotations would be really beneficial for supporting retrieval, but are often neglected by users while annotating. Thus, in order to support users in tagging and to fill the gaps in the tag space, in this paper we develop algorithms for recommending theme annotations. Our methods exploit already existing user tags, the lyrics of music tracks, as well as combinations of both. We compare the results for our recommended theme annotations against genre and style recommendations - a much easier and already studied task. We evaluate the quality of our recommended tags against an expert ground truth data set. Our results are promising and provide interesting insights into possible extensions for music tagging systems to support music search.
The functional repressor parts of a tetrameric lac repressor-beta-galactosidase chimaera are organized as dimers. (1976)

The chimaeric protein repressor-galactosidase, in which fully active lac repressor is covalently linked to the active enzyme beta-galactosidase, was used as a system for probing the quaternary structure of lac repressor. Electron micrographs revealed repressor-galactosidase to be a tetrameric aggregate. When lac repressor, alone, was crosslinked with dimethyl suberimidate, dimers, trimers, tetramers, and oligomers of the protein subunit were produced, whereas crosslinking of the tetrameric repressor-galactosidase resulted in the production of only dimers of the chimaera. Treatment of lac repressor with iodine resulted in the formation of protein dimers; the same result was obtained with repressor-galactosidase. After limited proteolysis of lac repressor, no crosslinking was obtained after treatment with dimethyl suberimidate, whereas iodine still produced a covalent linkage. These results are interpreted as evidence that the lac repressor parts of the tetrameric repressor-galactosidase-chimaera are organized as dimers on the tetrameric-beta-galactosidase core. Because this chimaera has been previously shown to have normal repressor activity [B. Müller-Hill and J. Kania (1974) Nature, 249,561-563], we conclude that lac repressor still is biologically active as a dimeric aggregate.
A Facile Method for Activation of Carboxylic Acids (1984)

Abstract 1,1′-Oxalyldiimidazole, -1,2,4-triazole, and -1,2,3,4-tetrazole were prepared in situ from oxalyl dichloride and corresponding 1H-azoles. The 1,1′-oxalyldiazoles converted carboxylic acids and their salts into 1-acylazoles.
Measurement of the Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Constant without Contacting Electrodes (1961)

A method is developed whereby electrical conductivity and dielectric constant of semiconducting and dielectric materials without contacting electrodes can be measured. The principle of this method is that a specimen suspended in a rotating field with a fine fiber is rotated by the torque proportional to the electrical conductivity or the imaginary part of its complex dielectric constant, and the torque exerted on it by a linearly polarized field is proportional to the real part of its dielectric constant. An analysis of the method and some preliminary measurements of conductivity, photoconductivity, the dielectric constant of cadmium sulphate crystals and the dielectric loss of the lamella containing CdS powder are presented. The latter shows the photodielectric effect.
Evaluation of the multitest medium for rapid presumptive identification of Vibrio cholerae from environmental sources (1987)

The multitest V. cholerae medium (VC medium) for rapid presumptive identification of Vibrio cholerae was evaluated. On the basis of reactions in the VC medium, 379 strains recovered during a yearlong ecological study in Calcutta were presumptively identified as V. cholerae. Further phenotypic characterization of these strains revealed that the reactions of 371 (97.9%) isolates were consistent with that of V. cholerae. False-positive reactions were exhibited by eight (2.1%) strains, three of which were identified as Vibrio fluvialis biotype 1. By slightly varying the basic formulation of the VC medium, we could eliminate some false-positive reactions. On the basis of the present evaluation, we recommend the routine use of the VC medium.
Sage Based Channel Estimation and Delay Tracking Scheme in OFDM Systems (2005)

Pilot subcarriers based channel estimation is necessary in high rate and high speed OFDM systems. In this paper, we present a new channel estimation and delay tracking method in a SAGE (space alternating generalized expectation maximization) framework. The proposed method uses much fewer pilots with special positions that are related to the path number and path delays. The method considered not only the sample-spaced path delays but also the non-sample spaced path delays. The non-sample spaced delay is a more practical situation in wireless communications and this situation will generate an error floor for the traditional channel estimation methods. When the path delay profile changes, a feedback channel is required to inform the transmitter to change the pilot pattern. Analytical results and simulations comparing to the low pass LS channel estimation are given at last.
Architecture for two-way data services over residential area CATV networks (2002)

An architectural design for high speed residential data access using the traditional IEEE 802.3 medium access protocol over the existing CATV network is proposed. The described architecture is attractive in using the existing infrastructure combined with the existing access scheme in the residential area and thus it is cost effective and well suited for home Internet access. However, the traditional CSMA/CD protocol is not suitable for the cable TV network due to its long propagation delay. Thus, we propose to combine the existing IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD MAC with the segmented cable subnetworks so that a home user can get access to the Internet as if he is using the Ethernet at 10 Mbps, or Fast-Ethernet at 100 Mbps. Only three subcarriers in the passband cable is used and therefore it will not interfere with the traditional broadcasting channels and the future digital video channels. The segmented cable are interconnected by the defined cable bridge (CB) and a simple flow control mechanism is proposed among the CBs. The functional components and operations of each CB are also described. For a fair performance among the subnetworks, a prioritized queueing scheme is also proposed on each CB.
Hepatocellular Screening Guidelines and Bellevue’s High Risk Population (2011)

This report has been adapted from a previously published piece in “Clinical Correlations”. The cur-rent screening modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma are described along with the guidelines for surveillance in at-risk populations. The sensitivity of accepted screening practices is challenged in the context of patients who are at high risk for developing early onset HCC. In particular, the sub-set of patients with long-standing chronic Hep B infection may benefit from revised screening crite-ria that include more patients who exhibit certain risk factors for this disease.
Methanol as Fracture Fluid in Gas Wells (1994)

Abstract This paper describes the experience obtained by Pluspetrol in the use of Methanol as fracture fluid in gas wells. It analyzes the physio-chemical properties, enumerating their advantages and disadvantages. It describes the fracture procedure, the precautions and security measures taken and finally compares the results obtained with other fluids. The use of Methanol as fracture fuid requires a complete knowledge of its properties and compliance with all precautions and security measures necessary. If all the proper information is taken into consideration, the use of Methanol is more adventagerous when compared to other fluid
The action of <i>ARGONAUTE1</i> in the miRNA pathway and its regulation by the miRNA pathway are crucial for plant development (2004)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 21-24-nt RNAs that can down-regulate gene expression by pairing to the messages of protein-coding genes to specify mRNA cleavage or repression of productive translation. They act within the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which in animals contains a member of the Argonaute family of proteins. In the present study, we show that Arabidopsis ago1 mutants have increased accumulation of mRNAs known to be targeted for cleavage by miRNAs. In hypomorphic ago1 alleles, this compromised miRNA function occurs without a substantial change in miRNA accumulation, whereas in null alleles it is accompanied by a drop in some of the miRNAs. Therefore, AGO1 acts within the Arabidopsis miRNA pathway, probably within the miRNA-programmed RISC, such that the absence of AGO1 destabilizes some of the miRNAs. We also show that targeting of AGO1 mRNA by miR168 is needed for proper plant development, illustrating the importance of feedback control by this miRNA. Transgenic plants expressing a mutant AGO1 mRNA with decreased complementarity to miR168 overaccumulate AGO1 mRNA and exhibit developmental defects partially overlapping with those of dcl1, hen1, and hyl1 mutants showing a decrease in miRNA accumulation. miRNA targets overaccumulate in miR168-resistant plants, suggesting that a large excess of AGO1 protein interferes with the function of RISC or sequesters miRNAs or other RISC components. Developmental defects induced by a miR168-resistant AGO1 mRNA can be rescued by a compensatory miRNA that is complementary to the mutant AGO1 mRNA, proving the regulatory relationship between miR168 and its target and opening the way for engineering artificial miRNAs in plants.