gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of endocytosis in the action of ether lipids on WEHI-3B, HL60, and FDCP-mix A4 cells. (1990)

We investigated the effect of a number of platelet activating factor antagonists on cell killing by 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl choline (ET-18-OCH3). Of six platelet activating factor antagonists tested, four were found to protect WEHI-3B leukemic cells against cell death induced by ET-18-OCH3. Certain other compounds, not platelet activating factor antagonists, had similar protective effects. The protective compounds were all lipophilic weak bases. We describe experiments that indicate that these compounds protect by inhibition of endocytic uptake of ET-18-OCH3. Sensitive cells showed rapid endocytic uptake, whereas in resistant cells, uptake was slow. Uptake of ET-18-OCH3 could be suppressed by inhibitors of endocytosis such as chloroquine, monensin, and vinblastine. We conclude that one of the principal determinants of sensitivity or resistance to ether lipids may be the rate at which cells take them up by endocytosis.
Evaluation of isolated DC/DC converter topologies for future HVDC aerospace microgrids (2017)

High performance power conversion equipment is currently gaining an increasing interest for aircraft applications. In particular, isolated bidirectional DC/DC converters are often proposed for modern HVDC aircraft distribution systems. For such reason an evaluation of several isolated DC/DC converter topology is carried out considering the proposed application, interfacing a 270V DC network with a 28V DC network. A trade off evaluation has been carried out for three different topologies and an experimental prototype has been manufactured for the selected conversion architecture. Simulation and experimental results are provided in order to validate the trade off and the design of the proposed converter.
Single‐Molecule Kinetics of Two‐Step Divalent Cation Chelation (2010)

A double hug: Two half-chelating ligands were covalently attached within the lumen of a protein nanopore (see picture). By electrical recording, the formation of fully chelated Zn2+ ions was monitored at the single-molecule level, thus revealing the rate constants for the eight major steps in the process. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Selection: Salience, Relevance and the Coupling between Domain-Level Tasks and Text Planning (1990)

In this paper we examine some issues pertaining to the task of selection in text planning. We auempt to distinguish sallerice and relevance, and characterize their role as important fundamental notions governing selection. We also formulate the problem of selection of text content in terms of the coupling between domain-level tasks and text planning tasks. We describe our research on generating bus route descriptions.
A robust audio fingerprinter based on pitch class histograms: applications for ethnic music archives (2012)

In this paper we present a new acoustic fingerprinting system, based on pitch class histograms. The aim of acoustic fingerprinting is to generate a small representation of an audio signal that can be used to identify identical, or recognize similar, audio snippets in a large audio set. A robust fingerprint generates similar fingerprints for perceptually similar audio signals. A piece of music with a noise added should generate an almost identical fingerprint as the original. The new system, presented here, has some interesting features which makes it a valuable tool to manage ethnic music archives: the fingerprints are rather robust against pitch shift, tempo changes, several synthetic audio effects, and reversal of the audio. To some degree, the system even keeps working when only part of the audio is used to generate the fingerprint.
Reconfiguration of Network Hub Structure after Propofol-induced Unconsciousness (2013)

Propofol reconfigures network hub structure in the brain and reverses the phase relationship between frontal and parietal regions. Changes in network topology are more closely associated with states of consciousness than connectivity and may be the primary mechanism for the observed loss of frontal to parietal feedback during general anesthesia.
102 km unrepeatered monomode fibre system experiment at 140 Mbit/s with an injection locked 1.52 μm laser transmitter (1982)

An experiment has been performed over 102 km of low-loss monomode fibre at 140 Mbit/s using an injection-locked source at 1.52 μm. The experiment showed that long-haul unrepeatered transmission is possible with nonzero-dispersion shifted fibre using narrow-linewidth laser transmitters.
Top-Down Structural Analysis of an Intact Monoclonal Antibody by Electron Capture Dissociation-Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance-Mass Spectrometry (2013)

Top-down electron capture dissociation (ECD) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry was performed for structural analysis of an intact monoclonal antibody (IgG1kappa (κ) isotype, ~148 kDa). Simultaneous ECD for all charge states (42+ to 58+) generates more extensive cleavages than ECD for an isolated single charge state. The cleavages are mainly localized in the variable domains of both heavy and light chains, the respective regions between the variable and constant domains in both chains, the region between heavy-chain constant domains CH2 and CH3, and the disulfide bond (S-S)-linked heavy-chain constant domain CH3. The light chain yields mainly N-terminal fragment ions due to the protection of the interchain disulfide bond between light and heavy chain, and limited cleavage sites are observed in the variable domains for each chain, where the S-S spans the polypeptide backbone. Only a few cleavages in the S-S-linked light-chain constant domain, hinge region, and heavy-chain constant domains CH1 and CH2 are observed, leaving glycosylation uncharacterized. Top-down ECD with a custom-built 9.4 T FTICR mass spectrometer provides more extensive sequence coverage for structural characterization of IgG1κ than does top-down collision-induced dissociation (CID) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) with hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight instruments and comparable sequence coverage for top-down ETD with orbitrap mass analyzers.
Learning to Restore Low-Light Images via Decomposition-and-Enhancement (2020)

Low-light images typically suffer from two problems. First, they have low visibility (i.e., small pixel values). Second, noise becomes significant and disrupts the image content, due to low signal-to-noise ratio. Most existing low-light image enhancement methods, however, learn from noise-negligible datasets. They rely on users having good photographic skills in taking images with low noise. Unfortunately, this is not the case for majority of the low-light images. While concurrently enhancing a low-light image and removing its noise is ill-posed, we observe that noise exhibits different levels of contrast in different frequency layers, and it is much easier to detect noise in the low-frequency layer than in the high one. Inspired by this observation, we propose a frequency-based decomposition- and- enhancement model for low-light image enhancement. Based on this model, we present a novel network that first learns to recover image objects in the low-frequency layer and then enhances high-frequency details based on the recovered image objects. In addition, we have prepared a new low-light image dataset with real noise to facilitate learning. Finally, we have conducted extensive experiments to show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in enhancing practical noisy low-light images.
An optically differential reconfigurable gate array and its power consumption estimation (2003)

A new optically differential reconfigurable gate array (ODRGA) is proposed to reduce configuration power consumption. The ODRGA has a simple architecture that adds a small circuit to conventional optically reconfigurable gate arrays (ORGAs) and uses differential configuration data stored in an optical holographic memory. In this paper configuration power consumption of ORGAs is estimated theoretically. Based on results, we show an estimation of configuration power consumption and comparative area occupied by the configuration circuit for ODRGA and conventional ORGAs.
Mapping the Binding Site on Small Ankyrin 1 for Obscurin (2007)

Small ankyrin 1 (sAnk1), an integral protein of the sarcoplasmic reticulum encoded by the ANK1 gene, binds with nanomolar affinity to the C terminus of obscurin, a giant protein surrounding the contractile apparatus in striated muscle. We used site-directed mutagenesis to characterize the binding site on sAnk1, specifically addressing the role of two putative amphipathic, positively charged helices. We measured binding qualitatively by blot overlay assays and quantitatively by surface plasmon resonance and showed that both positively charged sequences are required for activity. We showed further that substitution of a lysine or arginine with an alanine or glutamate located at the same position along either of the two putative helices has similar inhibitory or stimulatory effects on binding and that the effects of a particular mutation depended on the position of the mutated amino acid in each helix. We modeled the structure of the binding region of sAnk1 by homology with ankyrin repeats of human Notch1, which have a similar pattern of charged and hydrophobic residues. Our modeling suggested that each of the two positively charged sequences forms pairs of amphipathic, anti-parallel alpha-helices flanked by beta-hairpin-like turns. Most of the residues in homologous positions along each helical unit have similar, though not identical, orientations. CD spectroscopy confirmed the alpha-helical content of sAnk1, approximately 33%, predicted by the model. Thus, structural and mutational studies of the binding region on sAnk1 for obscurin suggest that it consists of two ankyrin repeats with very similar structures.
Differential developmental expression of the repB and repD Xeroderma pigmentosum related DNA helicase genes from Dictyostelium discoideum (1997)

DNA helicases are essential to many cellular processes including recombination, replication and transcription, and some helicases function in multiple processes. The helicases encoded by the Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) B and D genes function in both nucleotide excision repair and transcription initiation. Mutations that affect the repair function of these proteins result in XP while mutations affecting transcription result in neurological and developmental abnormalities, although the underlying molecular and cellular basis for these phenotypes is not well understood. To better understand the developmental roles of these genes, we have now identified and characterized the rep B and rep D genes from the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum . Both genes encode DNA helicases of the SF2 superfamily of helicases. The rep D gene contains no introns and the rep B gene contains only one intron, which makes their genomic structures dramatically different from the corresponding genes in mammals and fish. However the predicted Dictyostelium proteins share high homology with the human XPB and XPD proteins. The single copy of the rep B and D genes map to chromosomes 3 and 1, respectively. The expression of rep B and D (and the previously isolated rep E) genes during multicellular development was examined, and it was determined that each rep gene has a unique pattern of expression, consistent with the idea that they have specific roles in development. The pattern and extent of expression of these genes was not affected by the growth history of the cells, implying that the expression of these genes is tightly regulated by the developmental program. The expression of the rep genes is a very early step in development and may well represent a key event in the initiation of development in this organism.
Expression and secretion of procalcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide by adherent monocytes and by macrophage-activated adipocytes* (2004)

The adhesion-induced, transient expression and secretion of procalcitonin and CGRP in vitro may play an important role during monocyte adhesion and migration in vivo. PBMC-derived macrophages may contribute to the marked increase in circulating procalcitonin by recruiting parenchymal cells within the infected tissue, as exemplified with adipocytes.
Context-Supported Lane Estimation - Understanding the Scene by Learning Spatial Relations Between Semantic Features and Virtual Ground Truth (2016)

Advanced driver assistance systems and automatic driving are becoming more and more important in the market of personal mobility. By increasing traffic safety and allowing the driver to use the traveling time for other activities, the generation of intelligent vehicles creates a new definition of mobility in the future. To extend the limitations of systems for fully automated driving, research institutions and companies are trying to master more complex vehicle environments like urban traffic. While current approaches for camera-based vehicle environment perception use traditional image segmentation and object detection techniques, this work presents a big step towards comprehensive scene understanding. For this purpose, powerful machine learning methods are applied to learning the spatial relations between several types of features in the camera image and the vehicle trajectory. The registration of these spatial relations for all features in a video frame leads to a distribution map which allows the matching of a lane model. Additionally, the context of the current vehicle environment is determined by extracting global image features. Several possibilities for improving the lane detection performance with additional context information are analyzed, and the combination of global and local lane or lane border detection methods is proposed. It is shown that many different types of features within the vehicle environment provide important information about the lane and that, by modeling the spatial relations between features and the trajectory of the vehicle, its lane can be detected. It is also shown that knowledge about the current scene context can be used to improve the lane detection performance.
Constrained Convolutional Neural Networks for Weakly Supervised Segmentation (2015)

We present an approach to learn a dense pixel-wise labeling from image-level tags. Each image-level tag imposes constraints on the output labeling of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifier. We propose Constrained CNN (CCNN), a method which uses a novel loss function to optimize for any set of linear constraints on the output space (i.e. predicted label distribution) of a CNN. Our loss formulation is easy to optimize and can be incorporated directly into standard stochastic gradient descent optimization. The key idea is to phrase the training objective as a biconvex optimization for linear models, which we then relax to nonlinear deep networks. Extensive experiments demonstrate the generality of our new learning framework. The constrained loss yields state-of-the-art results on weakly supervised semantic image segmentation. We further demonstrate that adding slightly more supervision can greatly improve the performance of the learning algorithm.
Synthesis of a representative cis/trans pair of 4,5-disubstituted cyclopentenyllithium reagents (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of a representative cis/trans pair of 4,5-disubstituted cyclopentenyllithium reagentsWolfgang Barth and Leo A. PaquetteCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 14, 2438–2443Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00214a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00214a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1089Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
X-ray phase contrast CT imaging of lung cancer tissue (2011)

The tissue sample of lung cancer is imaged by phase contrast CT method based on synchrotron radiation in vitro, and the imaging results are reconstructed in three-dimensional limit. The experiments were performed at X-ray imaging and biomedical application beam-line (BL13W1) of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF). The results show that lung cancer tissue has best imaging quality in the phase contrast imaging experiments. By the approach of filter back projection (FBP), the tomography images are obtained successfully. The large alveoli of lung cancer tissue are reconstructed by the surface rendering method. The reconstructed images can not only display the internal structures of lung cancer tissues, but also show lung cancer cells eroded. Therefore, the phase contrast CT imaging based on synchrotron radiation is expected to become a means of observing the details of tumor tissue.
Pharmacogenetic Profiling for Cetuximab Plus Irinotecan Therapy in Patients With Refractory Advanced Colorectal Cancer (2008)

Although additional studies are required for confirmation, our findings could optimize the use of cetuximab in MCRC patients.
DPW-SDNet: Dual Pixel-Wavelet Domain Deep CNNs for Soft Decoding of JPEG-Compressed Images (2018)

JPEG is one of the widely used lossy compression methods. JPEG-compressed images usually suffer from compression artifacts including blocking and blurring, especially at low bit-rates. Soft decoding is an effective solution to improve the quality of compressed images without changing codec or introducing extra coding bits. Inspired by the excellent performance of the deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on both low-level and high-level computer vision problems, we develop a dual pixel-wavelet domain deep CNNs-based soft decoding network for JPEG-compressed images, namely DPW-SDNet. The pixel domain deep network takes the four downsampled versions of the compressed image to form a 4-channel input and outputs a pixel domain prediction, while the wavelet domain deep network uses the 1-level discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) coefficients to form a 4-channel input to produce a DWT domain prediction. The pixel domain and wavelet domain estimates are combined to generate the final soft decoded result. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed DPW-SDNet over several state-of-the-art compression artifacts reduction algorithms.
Could Bacterial Vaginosis Be Due to the Competitive Suppression of Lactobacilli by Aerobic Microorganisms? (1992)

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by lack of lactobacilli and predominance of anaerobic species. Ciprofloxacin is active against a great number of aerobic bacteria. The effect of ciprofloxacin on the vaginal microbial flora was studied both in healthy subjects and in patients with BV in order to test if BV may be due to competitive suppression of lactobacilli by aerobic species. About half of the patients were relieved of their symptoms. No adverse effects on the microbial profile or colonization by lactobacilli were produced by the drug. Lactobacilli known to be able to produce hydrogen peroxide were found to be significantly more common in healthy women than in women with BV. The species most frequently related to vaginal health were Lactobacillus jensenii and Lactobacillus rogosae.
Synergistic interaction between tirapazamine and cyclophosphamide in human breast cancer xenografts. (1994)

This study examined the efficacy of combining cyclophosphamide and the hypoxic cytotoxin, tirapazamine, in the treatment of human breast cancer xenografts grown in nude mice. A single dose of tirapazamine was followed 2 h later by a single dose of cyclophosphamide. As determined from tumor regrowth delay, the effectiveness of combined therapy was greater than the additive effects of each treatment given alone. Possible mechanisms of this synergistic interaction include enhancement of DNA damage, inhibition of repair of DNA damage, or induction of apoptosis. Apart from some loss in body weight, the only other toxicity of interest in mice treated with tirapazamine was necrosis of the skin on the distal tail, which appeared to be vascular in origin.
Studies in Emulsions. I-II (1925)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in Emulsions. I-IIWilliam SeifrizWilliam SeifrizMore by William SeifrizCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1925, 29, 5, 587–600Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1925Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1925https://doi.org/10.1021/j150251a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (919 KB) Get e-Alerts
Emerging Role of Ubiquitination in Antiviral RIG-I Signaling (2012)

Detection of viruses by the innate immune system involves the action of specialized pattern recognition receptors. Intracellular RIG-I receptors sense the presence of viral nucleic acids in infected cells and trigger signaling pathways that lead to the production of proinflammatory and antiviral proteins. Over the past few years, posttranslational modification of RIG-I and downstream signaling proteins by different types of ubiquitination has been found to be a key event in the regulation of RIG-I-induced NF-κB and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation. Multiple ubiquitin ligases, deubiquitinases, and ubiquitin binding scaffold proteins contribute to both positive and negative regulation of the RIG-I-induced antiviral immune response. A better understanding of the function and activity of these proteins might eventually lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for management of viral diseases.