gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amphiphilic Poly(vinyl acetate)-<i>b</i>-poly(<i>N</i>-vinylpyrrolidone) and Novel Double Hydrophilic Poly(vinyl alcohol)-<i>b</i>-poly(<i>N</i>-vinylpyrrolidone) Block Copolymers Prepared by Cobalt-Mediated Radical Polymerization (2007)

Well-defined amphiphilic block copolymers of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PNVP) were synthesized by cobalt-mediated radical polymerization (CMRP). The NVP polymerization initiated by poly(vinyl acetate) end-capped by the cobalt(II)acetylacetonate complex met the criteria of controlled polymerization, i.e., first-order kinetic in NVP, increase of the molar mass with the NVP conversion, and narrow molar mass distribution. Therefore, the length of the two blocks can be tuned by the [VAc]/[Co(acac)2] and the [NVP]/[PVAc] ratios for the synthesis of the macroinitiator and the polymerization of the second monomer, respectively. These amphiphilic PVAc-b-PNVP block copolymers were easily converted into the double hydrophilic PVOH-b-PNVP counterparts by selective methanolysis of the PVAc block. These two types of copolymers were prone to self-association into micelles in appropriate solvents.
Fast Weighted Bit-Flipping Decoding of Finite-Geometry LDPC Codes (2006)

In this letter, we establish a natural relationship between the improved modified-weighted-bit-flipping (IMWBF) decoding and min-sum decoding. This insight helps us to develop a fast weighted bit-flipping (FWBF) decoding algorithm. For decoding of finite-geometry low-density parity-check codes, we demonstrate through examples that the FWBF decoding can provide a further improvement to the IMWBF decoding on both convergence and performance
Single-mode-guide laser components. (1968)

Clad glass optical waveguides for design of lasers, modulators, couplers, detectors and filters
The hepatitis B virus X protein targets the basic region-leucine zipper domain of CREB. (1995)

The X gene product encoded by the hepatitis B virus, termed pX, is a promiscuous transactivator of a variety of viral and cellular genes under the control of diverse cis-acting elements. Although pX does not appear to directly bind DNA, pX-responsive elements include the NF-kappa B, AP-1, and CRE (cAMP response element) sites. Direct protein-protein interactions occur between viral pX and the CRE-binding transcription factors CREB and ATF. Here we examine the mechanism of the protein-protein interactions occurring between CREB and pX by using recombinant proteins and in vitro DNA-binding assays. We demonstrate that pX interacts with the basic region-leucine zipper domain of CREB but not with the DNA-binding domain of the yeast transactivator protein Gal4. The interaction between CREB and pX increases the affinity of CREB for the CRE site by an order of magnitude, although pX does not alter the rate of CREB dimerization. Methylation interference footprinting reveals differences between the CREB DNA and CREB-pX DNA complexes. These experiments demonstrate that pX titers the way CREB interacts with the CRE DNA and suggest that the basic, DNA-binding region of CREB is the target of pX. Transfection assays in PC12 cells with the CREB-dependent somatostatin promoter demonstrate a nearly 15-fold transcriptional induction after forskolin stimulation in the presence of pX. These results support the significance of the CREB-pX protein-protein interactions in vivo.
Cognitive aspects of HCI (1986)

Abstract ‘The human mind has an incredible ability to understand structures’ replied Ichbaiah to Tony Hoare’s complaint that Ada was too big. ‘Once it has grasped the main lines of a structure, it can fill in the details.’ [1] Cognitive psychology on the lips of a Top Computer Scientist! Today the design of many interactive systems and programming environments is influenced by our beliefs about the human mind as well as by the traditional (and still essential) criteria of functionality and efficiency.
Large scale micropropagation ofQuercus robur L. using adenine-type cytokinins and thidiazuron to stimulate shoot proliferation (1988)

High rates of oak shoot multiplication were achieved on low salt nutrient media (BTM, WPM) supplemented with adenine type cytokinin or BAP. Low concentration of (0.2-0.6 mg 1-1) stimulated formation of a large number of axillary shoots and their elongation. Thidiazuron in very low concentration (0.001 - 0.002 mg 1-1) promoted shoot proliferation, in high concentration stimulated formation of large callus. More than twelve thousand micropropagated shoots were rooted in low salt agar media supplemented with low concentration of auxin (IBA or NAA 0.2 - 0.5 mg 1-1). High rooting percentages (81 %) were obtained. Survival of the mieropropagated plantlets transplanted into soil was high (78 %). Micropropagated trees planted in the field withstood severe winter frosts without significant losses. At the end of the fifth growing season trees attained considerable size.
[Influence of the daily ingestion of a total unsaponifiable extract from avocado and soy bean oils on cholesterol metabolism in the rat]. (1975)

The effects of ingestion of an unsaponifiable avocado and soya extract (P.I.A.S.) on the rates of cholesterol turnover were studied in the Rat smaller than in toto greater than. The balance is the same as in control rats, but fecal and urinary excretions of cholesterol are well enhanced and transformation into bile acids is consequently reduced. The absorption coefficient of cholesterol is unchanged in spite of the presence of phytosterols in the extract. The extract having been said to have a beneficial effect on scleroderma a special study was undertaken of the skin. The GLC analysis of sterols show the very probable presence of phytosterols and a richer proportion of cholesterol, precursors particularly methostenol in the skin of rats fed on P.I.A.S. than in that of the controls. These modifications do not produce any variations in the rate of cholesterol synthesis as measured in vitro.
Identification, Quantitative Determination, and Antioxidative Activities of Chlorogenic Acid Isomers in Prune (<i>Prunus </i><i>d</i><i>omestica</i> L.) (2000)

Neochlorogenic acid (3-CQA) and cryptochlorogenic acid (4-CQA), isolated from prune (Prunus domestica L.), were identified by NMR and MS analyses. In addition, the quantity of chlorogenic acid isomers in prune were measured by HPLC. These isomers, 3-CQA, 4-CQA, and chlorogenic acid (5-CQA), were contained in the ratio 78.7:18. 4:3.9, respectively. 4-CQA was identified and quantified in prune for the first time, and relatively high amounts of this isomer were characteristic. Antioxidative activities of the chlorogenic acid isomers, such as scavenging activity on superoxide anion radicals and inhibitory effect against oxidation of methyl linoleate, were also evaluated. Each isomer showed antioxidative activities which were almost the same.
Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on Graphene/MnO<sub>2</sub> and Activated Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes with High Power and Energy Density (2011)

Abstract Asymmetric supercapacitor with high energy density has been developed successfully using graphene/MnO 2 composite as positive electrode and activated carbon nanofibers (ACN) as negative electrode in a neutral aqueous Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte. Due to the high capacitances and excellent rate performances of graphene/MnO 2 and ACN, as well as the synergistic effects of the two electrodes, such asymmetric cell exhibits superior electrochemical performances. An optimized asymmetric supercapacitor can be cycled reversibly in the voltage range of 0–1.8 V, and exhibits maximum energy density of 51.1 Wh kg −1 , which is much higher than that of MnO 2 //DWNT cell (29.1 Wh kg −1 ). Additionally, graphene/MnO 2 //ACN asymmetric supercapacitor exhibits excellent cycling durability, with 97% specific capacitance retained even after 1000 cycles. These encouraging results show great potential in developing energy storage devices with high energy and power densities for practical applications.
A Survey of Eyespot Sexual Dimorphism across Nymphalid Butterflies (2013)

Differences between sexes of the same species are widespread and are variable in nature. While it is often assumed that males are more ornamented than females, in the nymphalid butterfly genus Bicyclus, females have, on average, more eyespot wing color patterns than males. Here we extend these studies by surveying eyespot pattern sexual dimorphism across the Nymphalidae family of butterflies. Eyespot presence or absence was scored from a total of 38 wing compartments for two males and two females of each of 450 nymphalid species belonging to 399 different genera. Differences in eyespot number between sexes of each species were tallied for each wing surface (e.g., dorsal and ventral) of forewings and hindwings. In roughly 44% of the species with eyespots, females had more eyespots than males, in 34%, males had more eyespots than females, and, in the remaining 22% of the species, there was monomorphism in eyespot number. Dorsal and forewing surfaces were less patterned, but proportionally more dimorphic, than ventral and hindwing surfaces, respectively. In addition, wing compartments that frequently displayed eyespots were among the least sexually dimorphic. This survey suggests that dimorphism arises predominantly in "hidden" or "private" surfaces of a butterfly's wing, as previously demonstrated for the genus Bicyclus.
Comparison of DIAMETER Against AAA Network Access Requirements (2000)

The AAA Working Group has completed a document that itemizes their
requirements for Network Access Applications (NASREQ, Mobile IP, and
ROAMOPS). This specification compares the DIAMETER protocol against
the requirements, and is provided to the AAA Working Group as an
official submission for an AAA protocol. 1.0 Introduction The AAA
Working Group has completed a document that itemizes their
requirements for Network Access Applications (NASREQ, Mobile IP, and
ROAMOPS). This specification compares the DIAMETER protocol against
the requirements, and is provided to the AAA Working Group as an
official submission for an AAA protocol. 1.1 Requirements language
In this document, the key words MAY, optional,
recommended, SHOULD, and are to be interpreted as
described in [1]. Please note that the requirements specified in this
document are to be used in evaluating AAA protocol submissions. As
such, the requirements language refers to capabilities of these
protocols; the protocol documents will specify whether these features
are required, recommended, or optional. For example, requiring that a
protocol support confidentiality is NOT the same thing as requiring
that all protocol traffic be encrypted. A protocol submission is not
compliant if it fails to satisfy one or more of the MUST or MUST NOT
requirements for the capabilities that it implements. A protocol
submission that satisfies all the MUST, MUST NOT, SHOULD and SHOULD
NOT requirements for its capabilities is said to be unconditionally
compliant; one that satisfies all the MUST and MUST NOT requirements
but not all the SHOULD or SHOULD NOT requirements for its protocols is
said to be conditionally compliant. 2.0 Requirements Summary This
section contains the same four sections as found in the AAA Network
Access requirements. Each section contains a new column, named
DIAMETER. For each requirement, it is noted whether the DIAMETER
protocol meets (T), Partially meets (P), or does not ...
Design of 2 µm-period minor loops in hybrid bubble memory devices (1985)

The folded minor loops for hybrid bubble memory devices with 2 μm period propagation tracks have been developed by designing junctions between permalloy and implanted tracks, as well as designing inside and outside turns. The junction from the permalloy to the implanted tracks has been successfully designed utilizing the deep potential well of the permalloy pattern for bubbles to cross the boundary. The junctions were operated successfully for the first time using 0.6 μm bubbles optimized for 2 μm period tracks. We also designed the outside and inside turns considering the demagnetizing field and the crystalline axis of the implanted layer respectively. As a result, good bias margins of turns were obtained. The bias field levels of all elements agreed quite satisfactorily. Overall bias field margins of 40 Oe has been obtained with the quasi-static drive field of 70 Oe.
Regulation of serum tumor necrosis factor in glucocorticoid-sensitive and -resistant rodent endotoxin shock models (1989)

Bolus injection of lethal or sublethal doses of endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) results in the rapid and transient rise in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels in serum in mammals. TNF levels peak between 1 and 2 h after LPS injection in mice and guinea pigs and approach basal levels by 6 h. Although the kinetics of TNF in serum appear similar between these two species, guinea pigs respond to a lethal dose of LPS of 20 mg/kg by producing approximately 10-fold more TNF than mice do. These two endotoxin shock models also differ in their sensitivity to glucocorticoids. TNF levels in serum are not reduced in the lethal endotoxin shock model in guinea pigs after treatment with dexamethasone at 25 mg/kg. In contrast, TNF levels in mouse serum are inhibited by more than 90% after treatment with dexamethasone at 3 mg/kg. Coincident with the TNF peak in serum is a leukopenia which approaches control levels by 6 h in dexamethasone-treated mice, while remaining depressed in dexamethasone-treated guinea pigs. Treatment with dexamethasone at 25 mg/kg did not save guinea pigs from endotoxin lethality, whereas long-term survival of mice under identical conditions was apparent. These results suggest that the relative glucocorticoid resistance observed in guinea pigs is also apparent in a lethal endotoxin shock model in which dexamethasone does not modulate TNF levels or result in increased survival as occurs in mice. The lack of clear efficacy for steroid therapy in human clinical septic shock trials would suggest that the guinea pig endotoxin model may be a more predictive system than the mouse model for the identification of novel agents useful in the treatment of endotoxin shock.
Strains used in this study. (2015)

<p>Strains that were used in this study. *<i>ec</i> = ectopic – a genetic marker that was placed not at the native locus (See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113435#s2" target="_blank">Material and Methods</a>, under construction of Chromosome Loss assay and below). Strain CS1131 was previously published under different name (TD1 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113435#pone.0113435-Narayanan1" target="_blank">[25]</a>). In this strain several insertion had occurred on chromosome V: <i>LYS2</i> gene was inserted at 34,211 bp, <i>ADE2</i> at 34,212, <i>CUP1</i> and <i>SFA1</i> were inserted one next to the other between 36,396 bp and 36,397 bp (all coordinates here and below are given in accordance with Saccharomyces Genome Database). Recombination assay– an assay to measure allelic recombination by reconstitution the <i>TYR1</i> gene as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113435#pone-0113435-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1 A</a>. LOH assay – an assay to measure <i>URA3</i> loss of heterozygosity as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113435#pone-0113435-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1 B</a>. Chromosome gain assay is based on copper resistance as shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113435#pone-0113435-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1 C</a>.</p><p>Strains used in this study.</p>
Experiences with network simulation (1996)

Simulation is a critical tool in developing, testing, and evaluating network protocols and architectures. This paper describes x -Sim, a network simulator based on the x -kernel, that is able to fully simulate the topologies and traffic patterns of large scale networks. It also illustrates the capabilities and usefulness of the simulator with case studies. Finally, based on our experiences using x -Sim, we identify a set of principles (guidelines) for network simulation, and present concrete examples that quantify the value of these principles, along with the cost of ignoring them.
Late fetal heart decelerations and changes in cerebral oxygenation during the first stage of labour (1995)

Late fetal heart rate decelerations are associated with a significant decrease in cerebral oxygenation.
The VHDL validation suite (1990)

A validation suite for the IEEE standard VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) is discussed along with its executive manager. Test points are generated from the VHDL LRM (language reference manual) syntax diagrams and sentences. Each test in the suite contains a test header which is specially formatted and keeps information such as test point, test objective, test result, and test type. The suit executive manager is menu-driven and efficiently classifies the tests based on different criterion defined in the test header. Coverage is defined to measure how closely a VHDL tool covers the LRM and is also computed by the suite executive manager. >
Trypanocidal components of <i>Pluchea quitoc</i> L. (1994)

Abstract Four compounds active against the epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi , the causative agent of Chagas' disease, were isolated from the hexane extract of Pluchea quitoc L. (Compositae). The flavone casticin (1), identified on the basis of its spectroscopic characteristics, along with PQU19B, 19G and 28A, the structures of which are in the process of identification, did not show significant activity against the infective bloodstream trypomastigote forms of the parasite.
INFLUENCE OF LIMESTONE ON PC CLINKER CRUSHING AND THE PROPERTIES OF CEMENT MORTAR (1986)

The article presents the intergrinding and separate grinding of pc clinker and limestone in a laboratory ball mill in order to investigate the grinding process and properties of cements. It was found that the presence of limestone decreases the rate of clinker grinding. Cements produced by separate grinding are finer and, consequently, have a higher strength than those produced by intergrinding. The presence of 6% of limestone does not change cement strengths significantly. Strength loss is more evident at higher limestone content and in the later phase of hardening, but for cements produced by intergrinding it is proportionally smaller than the increase in limestone content. (TRRL)
Newly developed electro-chemical polishing process of copper as replacement of CMP suitable for damascene copper inlaid in fragile low-k dielectrics (2002)

A new principle for the copper removal process, Electro-Chemical-Polishing (ECP), to replace CMP is demonstrated. ECP which leverages electrochemical dissolution of copper has removal rates determined by the imposed current, higher than 8000 A/min, while "planarization" is made by wiping out copper complexes at a wiping pressure ten times lower than that for CMP to form erosion- and scratch-free damascene copper interconnects. ECP is a promising replacement for CMP suitable for copper inlaid in fragile low-k materials.
Application of Molecular Dynamics in Coating Ag-Conjugated Nanoparticles with Potential Therapeutic Applications (2020)

Drug delivery systems may benefit from nanoparticles synthesized using biological methods. While chemical reduction of particles is facilitated by some active compounds present in the bio-extract, other active compounds, with potential therapeutic activities, may be adsorbed onto the surface of nanoparticles. However, the mechanism of bio-based nanoparticle synthesis is still under debate. Here, we first employed a molecular dynamics (MD) approach to theoretically predict the coating of a hypothetical 4.5 nm silver nanoparticle with four selected rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.) active compounds (rosmanol, isorosmanol, carnosol, and carnosic acid). Analysis of density maps and radial distribution functions (RDF) values suggested that the examined compounds had strong hydrophobic properties and could instantaneously be adsorbed to the nanoparticle surfaces. Next, we experimentally examined the capacity of rosemary leaf extract to synthesize and coat Ag-conjugated nanoparticles. The data obtained from ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analyses confirmed the production of spherical Ag-conjugated nanoparticles with an average size of 12-15 nm, coated with proteins, secondary metabolites and other active compounds. Since this method can predict the dynamic behavior of therapeutic compounds when they are in contact with nanoparticles, we believe it provides a valid and new avenue to designing new therapeutic nanoparticles.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS (1988)

Journal Article REVIEWS OF BOOKS Get access Musical Instruments in the 1851 Exhibition. Ed. by Peter & Ann Mactaggart. pp. 109. ( Mac & Me, Welwyn, 1986, £15. ISBN 0-9507782-6-5.) CYRIL EHRLICH CYRIL EHRLICH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Music and Letters, Volume 69, Issue 1, January 1988, Pages 90-a–90, https://doi.org/10.1093/ml/69.1.90-a Published: 01 January 1988
Outdoor measurements of a photovoltaic system using diffractive spectrum-splitting and concentration (2016)

In a single-bandgap absorber, photons having energy less than the bandgap are not absorbed, while those having energy larger than the bandgap lose the excess energy via thermalization. We present outdoor measurements of a photovoltaic system that overcomes these losses via spectrum splitting and concentration using a planar diffractive optic. The system was comprised of the diffractive optic coupled with GaInP and CIGS solar cells. The optic provides a geometric concentration of 3X for each solar cell. It is easily fabricated by single-step grayscale lithography and it is ultra-thin with a maximum thickness of only 2.5μm. Electrical measurements under direct sunlight demonstrated an increase of ∼25% in total output power compared to the reference case without spectrum splitting and concentration. Since different bandgaps are in the same plane, the proposed photovoltaic system successfully circumvents the lattice-matching and current-matching issues in conventional tandem multi-junction solar cells. This system is also tolerant to solar spectrum variation and fill-factor degradation of constitutive solar cells.
Overexpression and mistargeting of centromere protein-A in human primary colorectal cancer. (2003)

Aneuploidy is the hallmark of many human cancers. Recent work has strongly suggested that chromosome missegregation during mitosis is the main cause of aneuploidy and contributes to oncogenesis. Centromere protein (CENP)-A is the centromere-specific histone-H3-like variant essential for centromere structure and function. It plays a central role in the assembly of the protein complex, termed kinetochore, which is indispensable for equal chromosome segregation. In this study, we demonstrate that the kinetochore protein CENP-A was overexpressed in all of 11 primary human colorectal cancer tissues. CENP-A mRNA was also up-regulated, indicating that overexpression of CENP-A occurred at the transcriptional level. Immunostaining with anti-CENP-A antibodies showed increased CENP-A signals in the tumor cells. Moreover, coimmunostaining of CENP-B, a centromere-associated DNA binding protein, with CENP-A showed mistargeting of CENP-A to noncentromeric chromatin in the tumor cells. These results suggest that overexpression of CENP-A could play an important role for aneuploidy in colorectal cancers.