gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
JamSpace (2006)

The motivation, design, implementation and analysis of a networked environment for real-time music collaboration are presented. JamSpace provides a simple hardware and software interface that allows novices to play music together anonymously from isolated locations connected by a local network. The low-latency conditions of a local network allow for real-time rhythmic collaboration. This in turn facilitates satisfaction of the design requirements of accessibility to novices as well as privacy and anonymity.
Isoelectric Focusing in Narrow pH Gradients of Kunitz and Bowman-Birk Soybean Trypsin Inhibitors (1969)

Abstract The two distinct soybean trypsin inhibitors, namely Kunitz and Bowman-Birk inhibitors, were isolated from various commercial sources by isoelectric focusing in the narrow pH 3–6 range in sucrose gradients. The Kunitz inhibitor was also isolated by the same procedure from an aqueous soybean water extract subjected to preparative gel filtration on Sephadex G-25. The Kunitz inhibitor was focused at pH 4.5, and the Bowman-Birk inhibitor at pH 4.3. The two purified proteins were found to be immuno-chemically different. Disc electrofocusing on polyacrylamide gels in the pH 3–10 range was shown to be a simple and high resolution method for detection of heterogeneous preparations of the two inhibitors.
A Model for the Quaternary Structure of the Proteasome Activator PA28 (1996)

PA28 is a protein activator of the 20S proteasome. It has a native molecular weight of approximately 200,000 and is composed of six 28,000-dalton subunits arranged in a ring-shaped complex. Purified preparations of PA28 contain two polypeptides, alpha and beta, which are about 50% identical in primary structure. It has been unclear whether native PA28 consists of two distinct homohexameric proteins or of a single protein containing both alpha and beta subunits. To distinguish between these possibilities, we prepared antibodies that reacted specifically with either the alpha or beta subunit and used these subunit-specific antibodies in two types of experiments designed to elucidate PA28 quaternary structure. In the first experiment, the alpha and beta subunits were completely co-immunoprecipitated by each subunit-specific antibody, indicating that both subunits were part of a single protein complex. In the second experiment, PA28 was chemically cross-linked using bis(sulfosuccinimidyl)suberate. When the cross-linked products were immunoblotted after SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indistinguishable patterns were obtained with each subunit-specific antibody. These results confirm that the alpha and beta subunits were part of the same protein complex. The pattern of cross-linked products also provided insight as to the relative abundance and arrangement of the subunits within the PA28 complex and indicated that the ring-shaped PA28 hexamer may be composed of alternating alpha and beta subunits with a stoichiometry of (alphabeta)3. PA28 was inactivated by treatment with carboxypeptidase Y, which cleaved Tyr and Ile residues from the carboxyl terminus of the alpha subunit but had very little effect on the beta subunit. This selective and limited proteolysis prevented binding of both alpha and beta subunits to the proteasome and therefore provides additional evidence of the heterodimeric nature of PA28. These results indicate that a short carboxyl-terminal sequence of the alpha subunit is critical for binding of native PA28 to the proteasome. To learn about the relative functions of the alpha and beta subunits, PA28alpha was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Purified PA28alpha stimulated proteasome activity but required 5-10-fold greater concentrations than the heterodimeric PA28 to achieve a given level of activity. These results suggest that the heterodimeric structure of PA28 is required for maximal proteasome activation.
Imaging-Based Decision Making in Thrombolytic Therapy for Ischemic Stroke (2003)

Background— Thrombolysis is the treatment of choice for acute stroke within 3 hours after symptom onset. Treatment beyond the 3-hour time window has not been shown to be effective in any single trial; however, meta-analyses suggest a somewhat lesser but still significant effect within 3 to 6 hours after stroke. It seems reasonable to apply improved selection criteria that allow differentiation between patients with and without a relevant indication for thrombolytic therapy. Summary of Review— The present literature on imaging in stroke has been thoroughly reviewed, covering Doppler ultrasound (DU), arteriography, CT, and MRI and including modern techniques such as perfusion CT, diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI (DWI, PWI), CT angiography and MR angiography (CTA, MRA), and CTA source image analysis (CTA-SI). The authors present their view of a comprehensive diagnostic approach to acute stroke, which challenges the concept of a rigid therapeutic time window. Conclusions— Information about the presence or absence of a vessel occlusion, whether by means of DU, CTA, or MRA, is essential before recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is given in the 3- to 6-hour time window. Clear demarcation of the irreversibly damaged infarct core and the ischemic but still viable and thus salvageable tissue at risk of infarction as seen on DWI/PWI/MRA or alternatively CT/CTA/CTA-SI should be obtained before thrombolysis is initiated within 3 to 6 hours. Once these advanced techniques are used, the therapeutic time window can be extended with acceptable safety. However, comprehensive informed consent is mandatory, especially when thrombolytic therapy is considered beyond established time windows.
Mobile Location Update using Distance Method (2012)

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a complex data network which upgrades current second generation GSM networks, offering true high-speed internet (IP) and network connectivity over existing GSM cellular networks. The increasing population of mobile users leads to congestion problems in these systems, and motivates the development of more efficient management schemes. This project deals with radio resource and mobility management such as location management and handoff management using distance method in GPRS networks. A simulator based on MATLAB which can study the location updating is used in this GPRS system.
Growth patterns and prognosis of submucosal carcinoma of the esophagus. A pathologic study (1991)

Sixteen cases of esophageal carcinoma invading the submucosa were analyzed in terms of growth patterns. Seven were classified into the massively penetrating (down growth) type, four into the superficially spreading (spreading growth) type, and five into the unclassified type. In the down growth type, the ratio of the submucosal area to the total (mucosa and submucosa) area was more than 0.2 (one fifth), and in the others that ratio was less than 0.2. The down growth type is characterized by a tendency toward elevated lesions, a high incidence of vessel invasions and lymph node metastasis, and a poor prognosis after surgery. Lymphatic and/or vascular invasions were recognized in six of seven cases, and the 5-year survival rate was 0%. In contrast, the spreading growth and unclassified types was characterized by superficial lesions, a low incidence of vessel invasions and lymph node metastasis, and a favorable prognosis. In only one with the spreading growth type was there lymphatic invasion. Three of the four with the spreading growth type survived over 5 years, and the other one with the spreading growth type and all of five with the unclassified type are alive without recurrences 15 to 52 months after surgery. Thus, growth patterns reflect well the prognosis of the submucosal carcinoma of the esophagus.
A security-enhanced one-time payment scheme for credit card (2004)

Traditional credit card payment is not secure as semi-secret credit card numbers are repetitively used. One-time transaction numbers have been recently proposed to enhance the security in credit card payment. Following this idea, we use a hash function in generation of one-time credit card numbers: the next one-time number is computed by hashing the current one-time number with a secret that is known only by card holder and issuer. Compared with related work, our scheme places less burden on credit card issuers, and can be easily deployed in both on-line and offline payment scenarios.
A neuro-fuzzy approach to the capacitated vehicle routing problem (2003)

Presents an approach to the vehicle routing problem. The method is based on self-organizing maps with one-dimensional neighborhood, adjustable number of neurons and network training guided by fuzzy rules. The distinctive aspect is the successful application of the algorithm to several instances while keeping parameters unchanged.
Subcellular Localization of a Small Sporulation Protein in<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2003)

SpoVM is an unusually small (26-residue-long) protein that is produced in the mother cell chamber of the sporangium during the process of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. We investigated the subcellular localization of SpoVM, which is believed to be an amphipathic alpha-helix, by using a fusion of the sporulation protein to the green fluorescence protein (GFP). We found that SpoVM-GFP is recruited to the polar septum shortly after the sporangium undergoes asymmetric division and that the fusion protein localizes to the mother cell membrane that surrounds the forespore during the subsequent process of engulfment. We identified a patch of three residues near the N terminus of the proposed alpha-helix that is needed both for proper subcellular localization and for SpoVM function. We also identified a patch of residues on the opposite face of the helix and residues near both ends of the protein that are needed for SpoVM function but not for subcellular localization. Subcellular localization of SpoVM-GFP was found to require an unknown gene(s) under the control of the mother cell transcription factor sigmaE. We propose that the N-terminal patch binds to an unknown anchoring protein that is produced under the control of sigmaE and that other residues important in SpoVM function to recruit an unknown sporulation protein(s) to the mother cell membrane that surrounds the forespore. Our results provide evidence that SpoVM function depends on proper subcellular localization.
Segmentation of Rodent Whole-Body Dynamic PET Images: An Unsupervised Method Based on Voxel Dynamics (2008)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a useful tool for pharmacokinetics studies in rodents during the preclinical phase of drug and tracer development. However, rodent organs are small as compared to the scanner's intrinsic resolution and are affected by physiological movements. We present a new method for the segmentation of rodent whole-body PET images that takes these two difficulties into account by estimating the pharmacokinetics far from organ borders. The segmentation method proved efficient on whole-body numerical rat phantom simulations, including 3-14 organs, together with physiological movements (heart beating, breathing, and bladder filling). The method was resistant to spillover and physiological movements, while other methods failed to obtain a correct segmentation. The radioactivity concentrations calculated with this method also showed an excellent correlation with the manual delineation of organs in a large set of preclinical images. In addition, it was faster, detected more organs, and extracted organs' mean time activity curves with a better confidence on the measure than manual delineation.
Insect resistance of transgenic tobacco plants expressing delta-endotoxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis. (1991)

The initiative B.thuringiensis delta-endotoxin (Bt toxin) gene clones TH12 and TH48 contain two different classes of homologous genes, the 5.3 kb class and 6.6 kb class, respectively. Bt toxin genes of both classes, modified at the 5'-end and truncated at the 3'-end, can still be expressed to produce the insecticidal, truncated toxin proteins in E. coli. The modified Bt toxin genes were inserted into the plant binary expression vector pBin 437 (a derivative plasmid of pBin 19) and were transferred into tobacco by Ti plasmid-mediated gene transfer system. Southern blot and DNA slot blot analysis indicate that the Bt toxin genes have been integrated into tobacco genome at a copy number of 1 to 5. Northern blot analysis of polyA+ RNAs from progeny of the transgenic plants revealed that Bt toxin genes of both 5.3 kb and 6.6 kb classes were expressed in transgenic plants, though the transcripts were degraded to RNAs of lower molecular weights. In insecticidal test, 5 plants from the progeny of 5.3 kb class gene-transformed SR1 tobacco plants and 3 plants from those of 6.6 kb class gene-transformed plants were found to be toxic to the testing larvea of H.assulta. In comparison with the control, mortality of the insects fed on transgenic plants reached 40-50% and the growth of the survived insects was remarkably inhibited. These results indicate that the modified Bt genes of the 5.3 kb and 6.6 kb classes were expressed in transgenic plants and could confer on the transgenic plants a new character of insect resistance.
Far-lateral transcondylar approach: surgical technique and its application in neurenteric cysts of the cervicomedullary junction (2005)

Neurenteric cysts are rare benign lesions of the central nervous system that are lined by endodermal cell-derived epithelium. Although they occur mostly in the spine, they can occur intracranially, most often in the posterior fossa. Neurenteric cysts that are located in the anterior cervicomedullary junction are even rarer and often require a skull base approach for adequate resection. The authors describe two cases of neurenteric cysts arising from the cervicomedullary junction that were resected via a far-lateral transcondylar approach. They discuss the surgical approach and operative nuances involved in removing these lesions, and review the clinical presentation of neurenteric cysts in this region as well as the neuroimaging characteristics, histopathological findings, and surgical management. Intraoperative videos are presented.
Magnesium and Calcium Complexes in Homogeneous Catalysis (2015)

Abstract This article provides an overview of recent progress in homogeneous catalysis using organometallic complexes of the earth‐abundant and biocompatible elements, magnesium and calcium. It is divided into polymerization of activated monomers, heterofunctionalization of polar unsaturated substrates, and dehydrocoupling catalyses. As the subject of lighter alkaline earth‐catalyzed polymerization reactions is too broad to fully cover herein, the focus remains on anionic styrene polymerization and the ring‐opening polymerization of lactide. Dimerization reactions of aldehydes and terminal acetylenes are also briefly described. Heterofunctionalization reactions include catalyses with protic substrates (hydroamination, hydrophosphination, hydroacetylenation, and hydroalkoxylation) and hydridic substrates (hydrogenation, hydrosilylation, and hydroboration). The final section covers the Group 2‐catalyzed dehydrocoupling of amines and silanes, as well as amine‐boranes. For each reaction, the emphasis is on major achievements and mechanistic insights, highlighting the breadth of reactivity and complexity of these processes. To conclude this review, a brief mention of the first example of magnesium‐promoted single‐electron transfer catalysis opens up new horizons for the future potential of this up‐and‐coming class of catalysts.
Some Interesting Urological Conditions in Women (1945)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Feb 1945Some Interesting Urological Conditions in Women1 William E. Stevens William E. StevensWilliam E. Stevens More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)70148-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1945 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 53Issue 2February 1945Page: 378-380 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1945 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information William E. Stevens More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Novel Nanowire Channel Poly-Si TFT Functioning as Transistor and Nonvolatile SONOS Memory (2007)

In this letter, a polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistor consisting of silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) stack gate dielectric and nanowire (NW) channels was investigated for the applications of transistor and nonvolatile memory. The proposed device, which is named as NW SONOS-TFT, has superior electrical characteristics of transistor, including a higher drain current, a smaller threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) , and a steeper subthreshold slope. Moreover, the NW SONOS-TFT also can exhibit high program/erase efficiency under adequate bias operation. The duality of both transistor and memory device for the NW SONOS-TFT can be attributed to the trigate structure and channel corner effect.
Comparative analgetic testing of various compounds in mice using writhing techniques. (1978)

Anti-writhing assays to detect analgesia or specific activity against selected agonists were performed on albino mice. Acetylcholine Cl, bradykinin triacetate, phenylquinone, and serotonin creatinine sulfate were used as agonists. 10 compounds, including 5 standard analgetics, were tested against each agonist. Attempts to study histamine phosphate as an agonist were not successful. Results of these investigations showed satisfactory analgetic acitivity for codeine phosphate and acteyl salicylic acid (ASA) in all assays. weaker analgetics displayed varying degrees of activity depending on the agonist tested. Acute oral toxicities were determined for the 10 test compounds and the analgetic ED50 vs the LD50 of each compound was compared. The data confirmed the nonspecificity for writhing assays as well as a variability in activity of the test compounds against the various agonist.
Chemical composition of Yujin Curcuma aromatica used as traditional Chinese medicine (2000)

By means of colorimetry,thin layer scan and gas mass,main chemical compositions of five kinds of root tuber of Curcuma aromatica,which use as traditional Chinese medicine,were analyzed and tested.The results show that main compositions of C.longa is much higher than the others.Five appraisal characteristics for C.longa were found and set their values on quality.This study introduces a simple and accuracy method for scientific research and clinical practice of these medicines.
High Temperature, High Vacuum, Diffractometer Attachment (1961)

A high temperature, high vacuum diffractometer camera, which fits the Norelco Wide Range Goniometer, has been designed. The construction details of the camera are presented.
Optimal Design of a Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor With Low Cogging Force (2012)

In this paper, a technique for reducing the cogging force in slotted permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMLSMs) is presented. A two-step minimization process that depends on the slotting and end effects is proposed. Taguchi's parameter method, coupled with 2-D and 3-D finite element analysis (FEA), is employed to minimize the cogging force.
Bayesian image restoration: an application to edge-preserving surface recovery (1993)

Bayesian methods for recovering a 2-D surface are discussed. It is assumed that there is a textural image that can be modeled by a Markov random field and that the original surface is composed of different surfaces, each of which is associated with one textural state. Both parametric and nonparametric methods are used to enforce smoothness of these surfaces. Iterative procedures are examined for simultaneous restoration of the textural image and estimation of underlying parameters. From the estimated textural image and the estimated parameters, an estimate for the original surface is obtained. Two illustrative examples are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Exploring the biocatalytic scope of a bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase (2011)

A bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), fused to phosphite dehydrogenase, has been used to explore its biocatalytic potential. The bifunctional biocatalyst could be expressed in high amounts in Escherichia coli and was able to oxidize indole and indole derivatives into a variety of indigo compounds. The monooxygenase also performs the sulfoxidation of a wide range of prochiral sulfides, showing moderate to good enantioselectivities in forming chiral sulfoxides.
Laser‐Induced Fluorescence for Esophageal Cancer and Dysplasia Diagnosis<sup>a</sup> (1998)

A method using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) for in vivo cancer diagnosis of the esophagus is described. Autofluorescence of normal and malignant tissues was measured directly using a fiberoptic probe inserted through an endoscope. The measurements were performed in vivo during routine endoscopy. Measurement of the fluorescence signal from the tissue was performed using laser excitation at 410 nm. The methodology was applied to differentiate normal and malignant tumors of the esophagus. The results of this LIF approach were compared with histopathology results of the biopsy samples and indicated excellent agreement in the classification of normal and malignant tumors for the samples investigated. The LIF procedure could lead to the development of a rapid and cost-effective technique for cancer diagnosis.
ERIC sequences: a novel family of repetitive elements in the genomes of <i>Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium</i> and other enterobacteria (1991)

We describe a family of highly conserved, Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC) sequences, 14 of which have been identified in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium and a further three in other enterobacterial species (Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Vibrio cholerae). ERIC sequences are 126 bp long and appear to be restricted to transcribed regions of the genome, either in intergenic regions of polycistronic operons or in untranslated regions upstream or downstream of open reading frames. ERIC sequences are highly conserved at the nucleotide sequence level but their chromosomal locations differ between species. Several features of ERIC sequences resemble those of REP sequences (Stern et al., 1984) although the nucleotide sequence is entirely different. The question of whether ERICs have a specific function, or represent a form of 'selfish' DNA, is discussed.
Localized Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Treated With Radiation Therapy Has Excellent Clinical Outcome (2003)

Moderate-dose RT achieved excellent local control in localized MALT lymphomas and had curative potential for three fourths of the patients. Gastric and thyroid MALT lymphomas had better outcome, whereas distant failures were common for other sites. Despite relapse, the disease often maintained an indolent course.