gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design principles for inducing reactivity in ubiquitous environments (2004)

Ubiquitous environments are becoming increasingly aware of their inhabitants: they posses vision capabilities, auditory capabilities and more interestingly intelligent capabilities. At the heart of such environments is the ability of systems to initiate responsive reactions to contextual changes. In this paper, we describe the concept of ubiquitous systems' reactivity. We identify important design principles that should be embraced by systems designers to build reactive systems that can engage users in richer and more meaningful interactions. Finally, we describe a prototype that we deployed in a domestic space and we explain how our design principles can help bridge the gap between end-users and ubiquitous systems.
A multi-threshold adaptive filtering for image enhancement (2005)

There is a compromise between noise removal and texture preservation in image enhancement. It is difficult to do an image enhancement task by using only one simple filter for a real world image which may consist of regions of various local activities. We describe a multi-threshold adaptive filter (MTA filter) for solving this problem in this paper. It uses a generalized gradient function which reflects the local contextual information as a cue to determine the nature of the filtering for each local neighborhood. In this way, several simple filters can be combined to form a more efficient and more flexible context dependent filter. As a result, specific filter is only applied to the region which is suitable for it. Thus, a balanced texture preserving and noise removal effect can be simultaneously achieved.
Efficient Quantum Computation with Probabilistic Quantum Gates (2005)

With a combination of the quantum repeater and the cluster state approaches, we show that efficient quantum computation can be constructed even if all the entangling quantum gates only succeed with an arbitrarily small probability p. The required computational overhead scales efficiently both with 1/p and n, where n is the number of qubits in the computation. This approach provides an efficient way to combat noise in a class of quantum computation implementation schemes, where the dominant noise leads to probabilistic signaled errors with an error probability 1-p far beyond any threshold requirement.
Investigation of CVD SiCOH low-k time-dependent dielectric breakdown at 65nm node technology (2005)

With wide application of low-k dielectric materials in multilevel VLSI circuits, the long-term reliability of such materials is rapidly becoming one of the most critical challenges for technology development. Among all the reliability issues, low-k time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) is commonly considered a crucial problem. In this study, the effect of process variations on chemical-vapor deposited (CVD), carbon doped oxide dielectrics comprised of Si, C, O, and H (SiCOH) TDDB degradation at the 65 nm node is investigated. SiCOH TDDB is found to be sensitive to all aspects of integration. Based on extensive experimental data, an electrochemical-reaction-induced, three-step degradation model is proposed to explain the SiCOH dielectric breakdown process. Finally, we demonstrate that with careful process and materials optimization, a superior performance at the 65 nm node can be achieved for 300 mm fabrication. The projected lifetime, based on a conservative modeling approach and aggressive test structure, is far beyond the most stringent reliability target.
Cloning, expression, and selective inhibition of canine cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2. (2002)

Cyclooxygenase (COX) performs the critical initial reaction in the arachidonic metabolic cascade, leading to formation of proinflammatory prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and prostacyclins. The discovery of a second COX isoform (COX-2) associated with inflammation led to agents that selectively inhibit COX-2. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors are also being developed for canine applications. To assess the compound potency on canine enzymes, canine COX-1 and COX-2 were cloned, expressed, and purified. Cyclooxygenase-1 was cloned from a canine kidney complementary DNA (cDNA) library, with 96 % sequence homology to human COX-1. Cyclooxygenase-2 was cloned from canine kidney and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage cDNA libraries, with a 93 % sequence homology to human COX-2. The arachidonic acid Michaelis constants for canine COX-1 and COX-2 were 4.8 and 6.6 micrometer, respectively, compared with 9.6 and 10.2 micrometer for ovine. Inhibition results indicated that, for all compounds tested, there was no significant difference between potencies determined for canine enzymes and those for human enzymes.
The Holographic Universe (1991)

'There is evidence to suggest that our world and everything in it - from snowflakes to maple trees to falling stars and spinning electrons - are only ghostly images, projections from a level of reality literally beyond both space and time.' This is the astonishing idea behind the holographic theory of the universe, pioneered by two eminent thinkers: physicist David Bohm, a former protege of Albert Einstein, and quantum physicist Karl Pribram. The holographic theory of the universe encompasses consciousness and reality as we know them, but can also explain such hitherto unexplained phenomena as telepathy, out-of-body experiences and even miraculous healing. In this remarkable book, Michael Talbot reveals the extraordinary depth and power of the holographic theory of the universe, illustrating how it makes sense of the entire range of experiences within our universe - and in other universes beyond our own.
An extreme-phenotype genome‐wide association study identifies candidate cannabinoid pathway genes in Cannabis (2020)

Cannabis produces a class of isoprenylated resorcinyl polyketides known as cannabinoids, a subset of which are medically important and exclusive to this plant. The cannabinoid alkyl group is a critical structural feature that governs therapeutic activity. Genetic enhancement of the alkyl side-chain could lead to the development of novel chemical phenotypes (chemotypes) for pharmaceutical end-use. However, the genetic determinants underlying in planta variation of cannabinoid alkyl side-chain length remain uncharacterised. Using a diversity panel derived from the Ecofibre Cannabis germplasm collection, an extreme-phenotype genome-wide association study (XP-GWAS) was used to enrich for alkyl cannabinoid polymorphic regions. Resequencing of chemotypically extreme pools revealed a known cannabinoid synthesis pathway locus as well as a series of chemotype-associated genomic regions. One of these regions contained a candidate gene encoding a β-keto acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase (BKR) putatively associated with polyketide fatty acid starter unit synthesis and alkyl side-chain length. Association analysis revealed twenty-two polymorphic variants spanning the length of this gene, including two nonsynonymous substitutions. The success of this first reported application of XP-GWAS for an obligate outcrossing and highly heterozygote plant genus suggests that this approach may have generic application for other plant species.
A unified method of cloud detection and removal robust to spectral variability (2017)

This paper proposes a unified method to detect a cloud cover and to remove thin clouds from multispectral satellite images. Unlike conventional methods, the variability of a cloud spectrum is taken into account. To estimate multiple spectra of a cloud, the method first identifies probable cloud pixels and then forms their clusters each of which has a representative spectrum, both based on spatial-spectral properties of a cloud. A spectral unmixing technique is employed to determine the extent of spectral contamination by clouds. A cloud cover consisting of thick and thin clouds is thereby detected and then thin clouds are removed based on a physical model of radiative transfer. Evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed method detects a cloud cover most appropriately among well-known conventional methods, and that radiometric accuracy of thin cloud removal is improved by on average 22% compared to one of the state-of-the-art methods.
GUIDEDSAMPLER: Coverage-guided Sampling of SMT Solutions (2019)

The problem of sampling a large number of random solutions to SAT and SMT constraints is essential for constrained-random verification and testing. However, most current sampling techniques lack a problem-specific notion of coverage, considering only general goals such as uniform distribution. We have developed a new technique for coverage-guided sampling that allows the user to specify the desired coverage points in order to shape the distribution of solutions. Our tool GUIDEDSAMPLER can efficiently generate high-quality stimuli for constrained-random verification, by sampling solutions to a SMT constraint that also cover a large number of user-defined coverage classes.
Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia in Severe Heart Failure (1996)

In patients with CHF, NSVT is an independent marker for increased overall mortality rate and sudden death. The absence of NSVT and ventricular repetitive beats in a 24-hour Holter indicates a low probability of sudden death.
Titanium Complexes Incorporating 1,1-Bis(<i>tert</i>-butylamido)-1-silacycloalkane Ligands:  Generation of Alkyl Derivatives and Reactivity toward Molecular Oxygen (2004)

A series of methoxy-bridged diamidotitanium dimers have been synthesized and fully characterized. Treatment of the Grignard reagent MeMgBr with (cycl)Si(NBut)2TiCl2 (2; cycl = CnH2n, n = 3−5) in 2:1 or 1:1 stoichiometry yielded four-coordinate dimethyltitanium (cycl)Si(NBut)2TiMe2 (3) and monomethyltitanium (CH2)3Si(NBut)2TiMeCl (5) complexes, respectively. Subsequent reaction of these complexes with dioxygen proceeds by insertion of an oxygen molecule into the Ti−C bond of 3 and 5, generating the respective methoxy-bridged titanium dimers [(cycl)Si(NBut)2Ti(μ-OMe)Me]2 (4) and [(cycl)Si(NBut)2Ti(μ-OMe)Cl]2 (6). In contrast, the reaction of the titanium(IV) dichloride complex (CH2)3Si(NBut)2TiCl2 (2a) with O2 gives the hydrazido species [{(NButNBut)(CH2)3SiO}TiCl2]2 (7a) as a result of facile Si−O−Ti bond formation upon autoxidation. To our knowledge, these complexes are the first examples of methoxy-bridged diamidotitanium(IV) dimers. Reaction of 2 with 2 equiv of PhCH2MgBr yielded the corresponding dibenzyl (Bn2) derivatives of titanium (cycl)Si(NBut)2TiBn2 (9). When these dibenzyl complexes were used as precursors for the conversion of monomeric to dimeric alkoxy-bridged species, oxo insertion did not occur, presumably because formation of the alkoxy-bridged dimer was hampered by the presence of bulky dibenzyl units.
Inheritance of Total and Individual Glucosinolate Contents in Seeds of Winter Oilseed Rape (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) (1994)

Abstract Genetic analyses were carried out with B. napus lines that differed in total content of individual glucosinolates (GSLs), as well as in their profile. Inheritance of total GSL content was studied with a complete F 1 diallel mating of eight doubled haploid (DH) lines (5–120/μmol GSL/g dry seed) as well as with the segregating populations of two crosses between DH lines. Most of the genetic variability was caused by gca effects; heterosis was not important; heritability of GSL content was high (h 2 b , = 0.95, h 2 n = 0.87). For GSL contents below 20/μmol/g seed, heritability values reached h 2 b , = 0.69 and h 2 n , = 0.66. Low total GSL content was found to be controlled by 4–5 recessive genes with additive gene action. Alkenyl GSL profiles studied in F 2 from resynthesized rapeseed lines were determined by four loci, two that are responsible for the elongation of the butenyl to pentenyl GSLs and two that are responsible for hydroxylation of alkenyl GSLs. Initial genetic studies of indolyl GSL contents from 0.1–4.5/μmol/g show that two or three genes may be involved. The frequency distribution of F 2 phenotypes was virtually continuous due to both segregational and environmental variation. Genotypes with low alkenyl and low indolyl GSL contents were selected after crossing parents with low alkenyl/high indolyl and high alkenyl/low indolyl GSL content. The alkenyl GSL profiles are discussed with regard to the parental diploid species B. oleracea and B. campestris.
Micromachined semi-encapsulated spiral inductors for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications (1997)

Semi-encapsulated spiral inductors for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications have been designed, fabricated, and characterized using micromachining and electroplating techniques. The inductors are fabricated on a Pyrex glass wafer using a simple three mask process and have an area of 4 mm by 4 mm. Devices consist of electroplated copper conductor lines with width 50 /spl mu/m, thickness 25 /spl mu/m, and spacing 30 /spl mu/m; they are semi-encapsulated with an electroplated Ni-Fe (81%/19%) magnetic core. At the low frequency of 10 kHz, the inductance of the devices was measured as 1.5 /spl mu/H, while they exhibited a low resistance of only 3 ohms. Their low resistance and reasonably high inductance makes them ideal in MEMS applications as either sensors or actuators.
Eating and Healing (2006)

Discover neglected wild food sources—that can also be used as medicine!The long-standing notion of “food as medicine, medicine as food,” can be traced back to Hippocrates. Eating and Healing: Traditional Food As Medicine is a global overview of wild and semi-domesticated foods and their use as medicine in traditional s
Transient osteoporosis of the hip: MR imaging. (1988)

Three patients with transient osteoporosis of the hip underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MR images showed decreased signal intensity of bone marrow in the femur on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity relative to the intensity of normal bone marrow on T2-weighted images. Joint effusions were seen on MR images of all patients on T2-weighted images. The findings on MR images concurred with histologic findings, such as increased bone turnover and mild inflammatory reaction, in one patient. The clinical symptoms and abnormalities on MR images regressed completely within 6-10 months. Familiarity with the distinct features of transient osteoporosis on MR images may be important in the differential diagnosis of adults with hip pain.
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and Its Deficiency in Mutants of <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> (1969)

Corynebacterium glutamicum is a member of a group of taxonomically related glutamate-excreting bacteria which utilize glucose both by the Embden-Meyerhof and the pentose phosphate pathways, the latter sequence accounting for 10 to 38% of the glucose metabolized. Some of the properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in crude extracts of C. glutamicum were studied. The enzyme was rapidly inactivated by dilution in tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-hydrochloride buffer. This inactivation was prevented by the presence of 0.45 m NaCl. Mg(++) was required for enzyme activity, but Mn(++), Ca(++), Sr(++), and Ba(++) were equally effective. Growth of the organism under differing conditions did not markedly affect the specific activity of the enzyme. A generally applicable method for detecting colonies deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was developed. Mutants so obtained were found to be auxotrophic for tryptophan. Upon reversion of the tryptophan requirement, the revertants still retained the property of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Neither the mutants nor the revertants could grow as rapidly as the parent culture in glucose, in gluconate, or in a complex medium.
The accuracy of clinicians' predictions of survival in advanced cancer: a review. (2016)

The process of formulating an accurate survival prediction is often difficult but important, as it influences the decisions of clinicians, patients, and their families. The current article aims to review the accuracy of clinicians' predictions of survival (CPS) in advanced cancer patients. A literature search of Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE was conducted to identify studies that reported clinicians' prediction of survival in advanced cancer patients. Studies were included if the subjects consisted of advanced cancer patients and the data reported on the ability of clinicians to predict survival, with both estimated and observed survival data present. Studies reporting on the ability of biological and molecular markers to predict survival were excluded. Fifteen studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified. Clinicians in five studies underestimated patients' survival (estimated to observed survival ratio between 0.5 and 0.92). In contrast, 12 studies reported clinicians' overestimation of survival (ratio between 1.06 and 6). CPS in advanced cancer patients is often inaccurate and overestimated. Given these findings, clinicians should be aware of their tendency to be overoptimistic. Further investigation of predictive patient and clinician characteristics is warranted to improve clinicians' ability to predict survival.
Calculation of Noise Resistance from Simultaneous Electrochemical Voltage and Current Noise Data (1994)

A derivation of the noise resistance appropriate to locally stationary electrochemical noise measurements is presented. The equation for noise resistance, , where the and values are the standard deviations of the voltage and current noise signals, is shown to be derivable from the low frequency limit of spectral density functions for the potential and current noise. The results are especially pertinent to the study of corrosion in organic coatings/metal substrate systems.
Activity of N-acetyl-L-cysteine against Biofilm of <i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas Aeruginosa</i> on Orthopedic Prosthetic Materials (2013)

The results suggest a possible role of N-acetyl-L-cysteine in the treatment of orthopedic prosthetic infections.
A myofibrillar protein phosphatase from rabbit skeletal muscle contains the β isoform of protein phosphatase‐1 complexed to a regulatory subunit which greatly enhances the dephosphorylation of myosin (1992)

A form of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1M), which possesses 25-fold higher activity towards the P light chain of myosin (in heavy meromyosin) than other forms of protein phosphatase-1, was purified over 200,000-fold from the myofibrillar fraction of rabbit skeletal muscle. PP1M, which eluted from Superose 12 with an apparent molecular mass of 60 kDa, was dissociated by LiBr into two subunits. One of these displayed enzymic properties identical to those of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1C) and was identified as the beta isoform of PP1C by amino acid sequencing. The second subunit had no intrinsic protein phosphatase activity, but greatly increased the rate at which PP1C dephosphorylated skeletal-muscle heavy meromyosin and decreased the rate at which it dephosphorylated glycogen phosphorylase. The properties of PP1M, together with those of smooth muscle PP1M [Alessi, D., MacDougall, L. K., Sola, M. M., Ikebe, M. & Cohen, P. (1992) Eur. J. Biochem. 210, 1023-1035] and the previously characterised glycogen-associated form of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1G), indicate that the subcellular localisation and substrate specificity of PP1 is determined by its interaction with specific targetting subunits.
New Codes for Services by Phone (2008)

You have accessThe ASHA LeaderBottom Line1 Feb 2008New Codes for Services by Phone Steven White Steven White Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/leader.BML.13022008.3 SectionsAbout ToolsAdd to favorites ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Audiologists and speech-language pathologists have three additional codes for reporting services provided over the telephone in 2008. The new Current Procedural Terminology (CPT, © American Medical Association) include codes for “non-face-to-face assessment and management services provided by a qualified health care professional to a patient using the telephone. These codes are used to report episodes of care by the qualified health care professional initiated by an established patient or guardian of an established patient.” Certain conditions preclude the use of the codes; they cannot be used if the patient is seen within 24 hours of the phone call or during the next available urgent visit appointment, or if the patient was seen within the previous seven days. Medicare will not reimburse for the new telephone services codes. According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), “(1) These services are non-face-to-face; and (2) the code descriptor includes language that recognizes the provision of services to parties other than the beneficiary and for whom Medicare does not provide coverage (for example, guardian).” Other health plans are not bound by the CMS decision and may elect to cover the codes. At least one private health plan, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of North Carolina, included the codes in its medical policy update. The new codes are: 98966: Telephone assessment and management service provided by a qualified nonphysician health care professional to an established patient, parent, or guardian not originating from a related assessment and management service provided within the previous seven days nor leading to an assessment and management service or procedure with the next 24 hours or soonest available appointment; 5-10 minutes of medical discussion 98967: 11–20 minutes of medical discussion 98968: 21–30 minutes of medical discussion Contact [email protected] with questions or comments about the new telephone services codes. Author Notes Steven White, director of health care economics and advocacy, can be reached at [email protected]. Advertising Disclaimer | Advertise With Us Advertising Disclaimer | Advertise With Us Additional Resources FiguresSourcesRelatedDetails Volume 13Issue 2February 2008 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in print: Feb 1, 2008 Metrics Downloaded 178 times Topicsasha-topicsleader_do_tagleader-topicsasha-article-typesCopyright & Permissions© 2008 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationLoading ...
Molecular Genetic Analysis of the Calcium Sensing Receptor Gene in Patients Clinically Suspected to Have Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia: Phenotypic Variation and Mutation Spectrum in a Danish Population (2007)

The present data add 19 novel mutations to the catalog of inactivating CASR mutations and illustrate a variety of biochemical phenotypes in patients with the molecular genetic diagnosis FHH.
Fabrication of Iron Oxide Core/Gold Shell Submicrometer Spheres with Nanoscale Surface Roughness for Efficient Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (2009)

A method to synthesize Fe3O4 core/Au shell submicrometer structures with very rough surfaces on the nanoscale is reported. The Fe3O4 particles were first modified with uniform polymers through the layer-by-layer technique and then adsorbed a lot of gold nanoseeds for further Au shell formation. The shell was composed of a large number of irregular nanoscale Au particles arranged randomly, and there were well-defined boundaries between these Au nanoparticles. The Fe3O4 core/Au shell particles showed strong plasmon resonance absorption in the near-infrared range, and can be separated quickly from solution by an external magnet. This kind of very rough Fe3O4 core/Au shell multicomponent was used in the adsorption of 4-aminothiophenol and as a substrate for detection by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
Molpher: a software framework for systematic chemical space exploration (2014)

Molpher is an open-source software framework for the design of virtual chemical libraries focused on a particular mechanistic class of compounds. These libraries, represented by a morphing path and its surroundings, provide valuable starting data for future in silico and in vitro experiments. Molpher is highly extensible and can be easily incorporated into any existing computational drug design pipeline.