gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reservoir Crude Oil Viscosity Estimation From Wireline NMR Measurements - Rajasthan, India (2008)

Summary In 2004, the Mangala, Aishwariya, and Bhagyam fields were discovered in Rajasthan, India. In these high-permeability paraffinic reservoirs, viscosity is one of the main factors controlling performance. Pressure, volume, and temperature (PVT) data show areal and vertical variations in crude properties. Meter-by-meter geo-chemical core analyses corroborate vertical variations in oil composition. Continuous wireline measurements of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) properties and station NMR properties from wells drilled with both water-based muds (WBM) and synthetic oil-based muds (OBM) were also used to calculate a viscosity profile. This paper correlates results from all techniques and shows how NMR measurements can provide oil viscosity profiles in com-positionally complex pools. Black-oil PVT samples typically test several meters of reservoir, while Rajasthan geochemical data are available at meter scale. NMR logs provide continuous data, and calibrated to PVT and geochemistry, they can provide the most detailed picture of in-situ viscosity variations. Results were used to construct a detailed spatial description of the reservoir's in-situ oil viscosity. The NMR data helped to define a zone of biodegraded oil up to ∼25 m thick above the oil-water contact (OWC) and showed thin accumulations of higher-viscosity oil on top of minor shale layers within oil columns. The major conclusion is that detailed in-situ oil viscosity profiles can be developed from conventional wireline T2 measurements.
Introduction (1998)

Abstract This book explores the changing relationship between culture and biology as they reconfigure our experience of illness. Illness has changed in the last fifty years, during the transition from modern to postmodern times. Postmodern illness—the term for our changed and still changing experience of human affliction—is as distinctive as the films, cars, computers, and space shuttles that help define the era following World War II. Setting aside the questions about the value of grand narratives, this chapter argues that we can best grasp what makes postmodern illness distinctive by examining various specific instances where biology and culture converge. In the process, we may come to look somewhat differently upon the quest to live forever.
Distributed, collaborative software inspection (1993)

The Collaborative Software Inspection (CSI) tool, which provides a distributed, structured environment for performing inspections on all software-development products, including specifications, designs, code, and test cases, is described. The inspection environment lets geographically distributed inspection participants meet with people in other cities through workstations at their desks. The current version of all material is accessible online. Inspection products are created online, so secondary data entry to permanent records is not necessary. The inspection information is also available for review and metrics collection. To assess the effectiveness of inspection in the distributive collaborative environment and compare it with face-to-face meetings, a case-study approach with replication logic is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Specular electron scattering in metallic thin films (1999)

Specular electron scattering at the surface of metallic thin films is an important phenomenon for a class of magnetic multilayers known as giant magnetoresistance (GMR) spin valves. In the very best GMR spin valves, a significant part of the GMR effect is attributable to specular electron scattering. We have investigated the importance of specular electron scattering by developing surface-modification techniques that produce diffuse electron scattering. We have used these techniques to investigate specular electron scattering in GMR spin valves and in pure metals. Some of the largest effects are found in Au films. It is noted that specular electron scattering will be a highly desirable property in future generations of microelectronic interconnects as the feature size approaches the mean free path of the conduction electrons. In order to meet the Semiconductor Industry Association Roadmap requirements for interconnect resistivity, interconnects with highly specular surfaces must be developed.
Rescue robotics for homeland security (2004)

Applying hard-earned lessons to improve human-robot interaction and information gathering.
An algorithm for answering queries efficiently using views (2001)

Algorithms for answering queries using views have been used in query planning in order to answer queries posed to knowledge bases, databases, and information systems. However, these algorithms do not scale well when the number of views increases. Three known algorithms, the bucket algorithm, the inverse-rules algorithm and an algorithm suggested by Leser (1998) have been used to rewrite queries using views before executing the queries. The bucket algorithm, predominantly used to reformulate queries, generates a candidate rewriting to a query using views, and checks that the rewriting is contained in the original query. An exponential conjunctive-query-containment-test needs to be performed to check each candidate rewriting. Using a few extra a buckets (shared-variable-buckets), we show how we can avoid the conjunctive-query-containment-test. This paper presents a scalable query rewriting algorithm-the shared-variable-bucket (SVB) algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate its superiority over other known algorithms.
F.-J. SCHMITZ und G. MINK, Liste der koptischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments I. Die sahidischen Handschriften der Evangelien, 1. Teil ( = Arbeiten zur neutestamentlichen Textforschung 8) xxiii + 471, pp. (Berlin & New York, 1986). DM 148 (1988)

"F.-J. SCHMITZ und G. MINK, Liste der koptischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments I. Die sahidischen Handschriften der Evangelien, 1. Teil ( = Arbeiten zur neutestamentlichen Textforschung 8) xxiii + 471, pp. (Berlin & New York, 1986). DM 148" published on 01 Jan 1988 by Brill.
Simple unit-pruning with gain-changing training (2002)

In this paper, a novel scheme for pruning the units within a neural network is proposed. The proposed scheme consists of a simple unit-pruning algorithm augmented by a new training algorithm called gain-changing training. In the gain-changing training, the gain of each unit is changed in order that the functions are concentrated on fewer units, i.e., some units play important roles and others negligible roles. Experiments with neural filters (NFs) to reduce noise from natural and medical images were performed. The experimental results demonstrated that the performance of the proposed scheme is superior to those of the conventional methods including the optimal brain damage method (OBD): the proposed scheme resulted in smaller networks; the NFs obtained by the proposed scheme achieved higher performance and generalization ability.
Complement-mediated, infection-enhancing antibodies in plasma from vaccinated macaques before and after inoculation with live simian immunodeficiency virus (1990)

Rhesus monkeys vaccinated against infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) were examined, in retrospect, for the presence of infection-enhancing antibodies and possible consequences associated with the presence of these antibodies. At the time of experimental inoculation with live virus, complement-mediated, infection-enhancing antibodies were detected in plasma specimens from six of six animals vaccinated with detergent-inactivated whole virus, from nine of nine animals vaccinated with Formalin-inactivated whole virus, and from seven of eight animals immunized with two SIV subunit preparations. The presence of infection-enhancing antibodies at the time of viral challenge gave no indication of predicting vaccine success or failure. After live-virus challenge, titers of infection-enhancing antibodies, like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers, increased in unprotected animals and decreased or became undetectable in animals protected by vaccination. Thus, vaccine protection against SIV infection can still be achieved in the presence of detectable complement-mediated, infection-enhancing antibodies.
Synthesis and duplex-forming properties of a nonanucleotide containing an N6-deoxyadenosine adduct of a bay-region diol epoxide (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and duplex-forming properties of a nonanucleotide containing an N6-deoxyadenosine adduct of a bay-region diol epoxideMahesh K. Lakshman, Jane M. Sayer, Haruhiko Yagi, and Donald M. JerinaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 17, 4585–4590Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00043a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00043a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Chemical mixing at “Al on Fe” and “Fe on Al” interfaces (2015)

The chemical mixing at the “Al on Fe” and “Fe on Al” interfaces was studied by molecular dynamics simulations of the layer growth and by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. The concentration distribution along the layer growth direction was calculated for different crystallographic orientations, and atomically sharp “Al on Fe” interfaces were found when Al grows over (001) and (110) oriented Fe layers. The Al/Fe(111) interface is also narrow as compared to the intermixing found at the “Fe on Al” interfaces for any orientation. Conversion electron Mössbauer measurements of trilayers—Al/57Fe/Al and Al/57Fe/Ag grown simultaneously over Si(111) substrate by vacuum evaporation—support the results of the molecular dynamics calculations.
Efficient recursive subtyping (1995)

Subtyping in the presence of recursive types for the λ-calculus was studied by Amadio and Cardelli in 1991 (Amadio and Cardelli 1991). In that paper they showed that the problem of deciding whether one recursive type is a subtype of another is decidable in exponential time. In this paper we give an 0 ( n 2 ) algorithm. Our algorithm is based on a simplification of the definition of the subtype relation, which allows us to reduce the problem to the emptiness problem for a certain finite automaton with quadratically many states. It is known that equality of recursive types and the covariant Bohm order can be decided efficiently by means of finite automata, since they are just language equality and language inclusion, respectively. Our results extend the automata-theoretic approach to handle orderings based on contravariance.
Phenotypic Resistance to Amphotericin B in Candida albicans: Relationship to Glucan Metabolism (1982)

The phenotypic resistance to amphotericin methyl ester (AME) of stationary phase cultures of Candida albicans was decreased by alkaline pH values and by treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol or glucanase preparations, and was increased by acid pH values, increased aeration, treatment with N-ethylmaleimide, or the presence of inhibitors of protein synthesis such as trichodermin. The effects of such treatments on endogenous glucanase activity and on the incorporation of glucose residues into the 'glucan fraction' of the organism were studied. The changes in the endogenous levels of lytic activities on laminarin [as a measure of the total (1 leads to 3)-beta-D-glucanase] and on p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside [reflecting the exo-(1 leads to 3)-beta-D-glucanase] were followed in C. albicans cells under a variety of conditions. Treatments which increased AME sensitivity stimulated both total and exo-(1 leads to 3)-beta-D-glucanase activities, while treatments which promoted resistance decreased the levels of both (1 leads to 3)-beta-D-glucanases. Changes in the 'glucan fraction' were followed by incubating suspensions of organisms in the presence of trace amounts of [U-14C]glucose. The rate of incorporation of radioactivity fell during the first 2-3 d of stationary phase culture and then rose to high values by 7-8 d; AME resistance increased throughout this period. The rate of incorporation was markedly stimulated by prior treatment of the organisms with 2-mercaptoethanol or glucanase and inhibited by trichodermin or treatment with N-ethylmaleimide. The addition in the concentration range 0.3-3 mM of the glucose analogues beta-D-allose, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose or 5-thio-D-glucose to cultures 24 h after inoculation prevented any further increase in AME resistance for the next 2-3 d and resulted in a decrease in the level of resistance established at the time of addition. Radioactivity from 14C- or 3H-labelled analogues added, 24 h after inoculation, to stationary phase cultures was incorporated into the 'glucan fraction' of the organisms. The incorporation of glucose residues into the 'glucan fraction' is controlled by the activity of glucanases in producing glucose acceptor sites. The results reported confirm that there is a correlation between glucan metabolism, glucanase activity and resistance to AME, in that any factor leading to increased glucanase action also results in decreased resistance and vice versa, while incorporation of certain glucose analogues into the 'glucan fraction' delays the further increase in resistance.
A new WWW distributed programming framework (2002)

The success of the Internet and the World Wide Web has created an opportunity for a new generation of distributed applications. The developers of these new applications will need new tools to simplify protocol design and development. Once the applications are essentially complete, new portability and security technologies will be needed to overcome the current difficulties of deploying new applications.
The chemically treated bovine ureter—clinical performance of a novel biological vascular prosthesis (2003)

This evaluation shows the chemically treated bovine ureter (CTBU) is a viable medium-term alternative to the currently available artificial vascular prostheses for peripheral revascularisation.
Radiation pattern of a reflector antenna from near field measurements over the focal region of a coupled lens or offset reflector (2003)

A method is proposed which uses a microwave lens or an offset reflector instead of a front-fed reflector. The lens focuses the incident field on the other side of the antenna under test. Thus the feed and the probe do not interfere with each other. For the offset reflector case to work, the reflector has to have analogous focal region properties to a front-fed parabolic reflector. Using M. Hoque et al.'s (1984) model, the authors show how the offset reflector scheme is possible. The technique is expected to be valuable for compact ranges although the feasibility of the method and practical near-field separation distance between the two reflectors are still to be determined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On the contrast in eddy current microscopy using atomic force microscopes (1999)

A magnetic probe of an atomic force microscope oscillating above a sample induces eddy currents within conducting materials. The resulting electrodynamic interaction between sample and probe influences the probe vibrations so that local variations in conductivity of a sample might be imaged with an atomic force microscope by phase shifts and/or amplitude changes of the probe vibrations. A quantitative evaluation of this effect allows one to judge whether the local conductivity can be measured. This paper presents the calculation of attainable contrast in phase and in amplitude images by measuring the high-frequency flexural vibrations of a rectangular beam cantilever. For the sensor tip dimensions of available cantilevers, the dipole approximation turned out not to be valid but the monopole approximation yields a reasonable estimation of the contrast. Calculations based on the monopole approximation show that the amplitude and the phase changes of the cantilever vibration ensuing from samples with conductivity changes of 20 MS m−1 are below the thermal noise level. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on the Anchovy Boat seine- V The Physical Properties of the Improved Netting Twines to be used in the Wing Net (1980)

Two plied twine, of which yarn is cored by abacca fibers and wrapped by polyethylen fibers, has been used for the material to web the wing net in the anchovy boat seine. This conventional twine revealed the disadvantage of which tensile strength goes from bad to worse. To improve the disadvantage, authors developed the new twine which is plied with three yarns, each yarn is cored by polyvinyliden chloride fibers and wrapped by polyethylen fibers. To compare the physical properties of the two kinds of twine, some factors are valued and the following results are found. 1. The conventional twine shrinks 4 to 7 percent when it was soaked in fresh water for 24 hours, whereas the improved one shrinks little. 2. The specific gravity of the conventional twine is valued 1. 04 to 1. 025 after soaking the twine in fresh water for 24 hours, in spite of including abacca to make the gravity heavier than that of sea water, whereas the improved ones are valued 1. 06 to 1. 09 without soaking. 3. The stiffness of the two kinds of twine differs little. 4. The breaking strength and the elastic recovery of the improved twine are greater than the conventional one. 5. Mesh size of the actual fishing net, webbed by the improved twine and employed in commercial fishing for 6 months, varied little.
Parametric Study of the Morphological Proprieties of HT-PEMFC Components for Effective Membrane Hydration (2011)

A 1D non-isothermal model has been developed to study the optimum morphological properties of HT-PEMFC components that will help the catalyst layer retain water vapor generated by the electrochemical reaction and that delivered by the feed gases. The use of a microporous layer (MPL) helps retain water generated in the catalyst layer (CL), and the effectiveness of the MPL in retaining water vapor in the CL increases the MPL pore size and porosity are reduced. Reducing the GDL porosity is found to help retain more water in the CL but the pore sizes and porosity of the PEMFC components should not be too small, so as to avoid increased O2 concentration overpotentials. The optimum values of MPL and GDL porosity depend on the operating conditions such as the cell voltage, operating pressure, and inlet relative humidity.
p53 and p21 Determine the Sensitivity of Noscapine-Induced Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells (2007)

We have previously discovered the naturally occurring antitussive alkaloid noscapine as a tubulin-binding agent that attenuates microtubule dynamics and arrests mammalian cells at mitosis via activation of the c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase pathway. It is well established that the p53 protein plays a crucial role in the control of tumor cell response to chemotherapeutic agents and DNA-damaging agents; however, the relationship between p53-driven genes and drug sensitivity remains controversial. In this study, we compared chemosensitivity, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis on noscapine treatment in four cell lines derived from the colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells: p53(+/+) (p53-wt), p53(-/-) (p53-null), p21(-/-) (p21-null), and BAX(-/-) (BAX-null). Using these isogenic variants, we investigated the roles of p53, BAX, and p21 in the cellular response to treatment with noscapine. Our results show that noscapine treatment increases the expression of p53 over time in cells with wild-type p53 status. This increase in p53 is associated with an increased apoptotic BAX/Bcl-2 ratio consistent with increased sensitivity of these cells to apoptotic stimuli. Conversely, loss of p53 and p21 alleles had a counter effect on both BAX and Bcl-2 expression and the p53-null and p21-null cells were significantly resistant to the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of noscapine. All but the p53-null cells displayed p53 protein accumulation in a time-dependent manner on noscapine treatment. Interestingly, despite increased levels of p53, p21-null cells were resistant to apoptosis, suggesting a proapoptotic role of p21 and implying that p53 is a necessary but not sufficient condition for noscapine-mediated apoptosis.
Quality and efficiency in high dimensional nearest neighbor search (2009)

Nearest neighbor (NN) search in high dimensional space is an important problem in many applications. Ideally, a practical solution (i) should be implementable in a relational database, and (ii) its query cost should grow sub-linearly with the dataset size, regardless of the data and query distributions. Despite the bulk of NN literature, no solution fulfills both requirements, except locality sensitive hashing (LSH). The existing LSH implementations are either rigorous or adhoc. Rigorous-LSH ensures good quality of query results, but requires expensive space and query cost. Although adhoc-LSH is more efficient, it abandons quality control, i.e., the neighbor it outputs can be arbitrarily bad. As a result, currently no method is able to ensure both quality and efficiency simultaneously in practice.
Interpretation of cellular proliferation data: Avoid the panglossian (2011)

There are several statistics that may be calculated to characterize a cellular proliferation experiment. By far, the most commonly-reported statistic is the percent of cells in the final culture that have divided; however, this statistic has significant limitations. Other statistics provided by software modeling provide a much richer characterization of the biological response; however, their use also comes with caveats. Here, I discuss the practical application of these statistics, including their limitations and interdependencies, using hypothetical data. The goal of this perspective is to prevent the blind reliance or overly optimistic ("panglossian") interpretation of the statistics generated by software, so that researchers and reviewers have a more-informed basis for drawing conclusions from the data.