gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A broadcast approach for a single-user slowly fading mimo channel (2003)

A broadcast transmission strategy for the slowly fading Gaussian multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel is introduced. This broadcast strategy is an extension of the single-input single-output (SISO) broadcast approach. Perfect channel state information (CSI) is assumed known at the receiver end only. This strategy facilitates to adapt the reliably decoded rate to the actual channel state without having any feedback link to the transmitter. Transmission of layered coded information is motivated by the theory of majorization. We derive the basic equations characterizing achievable rates of the strategy. Several ad hoc approximations to the achievable region are considered and their performance is compared with the SISO setting and the ergodic capacity. It has been demonstrated that a single-layer outage approach is reasonably efficient in the MIMO setting in terms of the average reliably decoded rate. A multiple-access channel (MAC) broadcast approach is also applied for the MIMO case, and demonstrated to be relatively efficient.
In-vehicle displays: Driving information prioritization and visualization (2013)

Systems developed to be operated in a vehicular environment have gradually begun to include further applications, which can be found in other mobile environments, such as smart phones and tablets. This continued growth could overwhelm the driver and affect road safety. Thus, it is crucial to ensure that these devices provide the type of information drivers need. This paper focuses on the presentation of in-vehicle information while driving. Function clusters and information prioritization for different modules in Driver Information Systems are primarily investigated through driver preferences analysis. Results are evaluated outlining implications for proper location of information on the in-vehicle displays.
Preparation of Wood with Thermoplastic Properties, Part 2. Simplified Technologies (2000)

Summary Aspen wood ( Populus tremula ) as sawdust was chemically modified through a two-step procedure: esterification with maleic anhydride and subsequent oligoesterification with glycidyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride. Simplified techniques consisting of impregnation by immersion followed by thermal treatment using conventional or microwave heating were employed. Chemical analyses and infra-red spectroscopy showed some differences in the chemical composition and structure of the resulting oligoesterified wood depending on the synthesis technique. However, the thermoplastic properties, clearly revealed by thermomechanical analysis, were quite similar and comparable to those exhibited by the oligoesterified wood resulting via classical synthesis. Moreover, similar degrees of chemical modification were obtained for a significantly shorter duration of the process when microwave heating was employed instead of conventional heating.
The Growth of Vapor Bubbles in Superheated Liquids (1954)

The growth of a vapor bubble in a superheated liquid is controlled by three factors: the inertia of the liquid, the surface tension, and the vapor pressure. As the bubble grows, evaporation takes place at the bubble boundary, and the temperature and vapor pressure in the bubble are thereby decreased. The heat inflow requirement of evaporation, however, depends on the rate of bubble growth, so that the dynamic problem is linked with a heat diffusion problem. Since the heat diffusion problem has been solved, a quantitative formulation of the dynamic problem can be given. A solution for the radius of the vapor bubble as a function of time is obtained which is valid for sufficiently large radius. This asymptotic solution covers the range of physical interest since the radius at which it becomes valid is near the lower limit of experimental observation. It shows the strong effect of heat diffusion on the rate of bubble growth. Comparison of the predicted radius-time behavior is made with experimental observations in superheated water, and very good agreement is found.
The First Low Molecular Weight Antibiotic from Lactic Acid Bacteria: Reutericyclin, a New Tetramic Acid (2000)

The first chemical proof is available to show that lactic acid bacteria, generally known for their limited metabolite spectrum, are able to produce antibiotics with a broad inhibitory spectrum. The new tetramic acid, reutericyclin (1), opens a new dimension in the discussion regarding the application of lactic acid bacteria in food preservation or for positively influencing the human intestinal microflora.
Awareness systems and the role of social intelligence (2009)

This paper discusses awareness systems for supporting informal social relationships, focusing on some of they key concerns for designers and researchers. The discussion is general, but examples highlight the design issues discussed and summarize related empirical results. The paper argues in favor of automated capture of awareness information and suggests that social intelligence is relevant (a) as a design and evaluation criterion for such systems and (b) as a mechanism for supporting users in managing the information sharing by means of awareness systems.
Validating novel tau positron emission tomography tracer <scp>[F‐18]‐AV‐1451 (T807)</scp> on postmortem brain tissue (2015)

Our data suggest that [F-18]-AV-1451 holds promise as a surrogate marker for the detection of brain tau pathology in the form of tangles and paired helical filament-tau-containing neurites in Alzheimer brains but also point to its relatively lower affinity for lesions primarily made of straight tau filaments in non-Alzheimer tauopathy cases and to the existence of some [F-18]-AV-1451 off-target binding. These findings provide important insights for interpreting in vivo patterns of [F-18]-AV-1451 retention.
Optogenetic manipulation of stomatal kinetics improves carbon assimilation, water use, and growth (2019)

Stomata serve dual and often conflicting roles, facilitating carbon dioxide influx into the plant leaf for photosynthesis and restricting water efflux via transpiration. Strategies for reducing transpiration without incurring a cost for photosynthesis must circumvent this inherent coupling of carbon dioxide and water vapor diffusion. We expressed the synthetic, light-gated K<sup>+</sup> channel BLINK1 in guard cells surrounding stomatal pores in <i>Arabidopsis</i> to enhance the solute fluxes that drive stomatal aperture. BLINK1 introduced a K<sup>+</sup> conductance and accelerated both stomatal opening under light exposure and closing after irradiation. Integrated over the growth period, BLINK1 drove a 2.2-fold increase in biomass in fluctuating light without cost in water use by the plant. Thus, we demonstrate the potential of enhancing stomatal kinetics to improve water use efficiency without penalty in carbon fixation.
Organizational Learning As a By-product of Justifications for Change (2011)

In this article, we develop and test a model that relates change management's justifications for organizational change to organizational learning. The main argument is as follows: by justifying change in specific ways, change managers instigate thought processes that generate new insights for change recipients (cognitive learning). Also, provision of justifications affects motivation, which in turn is hypothesized to foster learning. The hypotheses are tested using a multi-organization, multichange dataset from a sample of Norwegian work organizations. Empirically, a distinction is made between three types of learning outcomes: generative learning, distributive learning and process learning, i.e. the generation and dissemination of change relevant knowledge. Findings show that four types of justifications are positively related to learning. Some support was found for the hypothesis that the effect of justification is mediated by attitudes towards change and the change process (motivational path).
Humans In Hypoxia: A Conspiracy Of Maladaptation?! (2015)

We address adaptive vs. maladaptive responses to hypoxemia in healthy humans and hypoxic-tolerant species during wakefulness, sleep, and exercise. Types of hypoxemia discussed include short-term and life-long residence at high altitudes, the intermittent hypoxemia attending sleep apnea, or training regimens prescribed for endurance athletes. We propose that hypoxia presents an insult to O 2 transport, which is poorly tolerated in most humans because of the physiological cost.
Toward a developmental neurobiology of autism (2004)

Autism is a complex, behaviorally defined, developmental brain disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 1,000. It is now clear that autism is not a disease, but a syndrome with a strong genetic component. The etiology of autism is poorly defined both at the cellular and the molecular levels. Based on the fact that seizure activity is frequently associated with autism and that abnormal evoked potentials have been observed in autistic individuals in response to tasks that require attention, several investigators have recently proposed that autism might be caused by an imbalance between excitation and inhibition in key neural systems including the cortex. Despite considerable ongoing effort toward the identification of chromosome regions affected in autism and the characterization of many potential gene candidates, only a few genes have been reproducibly shown to display specific mutations that segregate with autism, likely because of the complex polygenic nature of this syndrome. Among those, several candidate genes have been shown to control the early patterning and/or the late synaptic maturation of specific neuronal subpopulations controlling the balance between excitation and inhibition in the developing cortex and cerebellum. In the present article, we review our current understanding of the developmental mechanisms patterning the balance between excitation and inhibition in the context of the neurobiology of autism.
Dynamic Network Cartography (2012)

Communication networks have evolved from specialized, research and tactical transmission systems to large-scale and highly complex interconnections of intelligent devices, increasingly becoming more commercial, consumer-oriented, and heterogeneous. Propelled by emergent social networking services and high-definition streaming platforms, network traffic has grown explosively thanks to the advances in processing speed and storage capacity of state-of-the-art communication technologies. As "netizens" demand a seamless networking experience that entails not only higher speeds, but also resilience and robustness to failures and malicious cyber-attacks, ample opportunities for signal processing (SP) research arise. The vision is for ubiquitous smart network devices to enable data-driven statistical learning algorithms for distributed, robust, and online network operation and management, adaptable to the dynamically-evolving network landscape with minimal need for human intervention. The present paper aims at delineating the analytical background and the relevance of SP tools to dynamic network monitoring, introducing the SP readership to the concept of dynamic network cartography -- a framework to construct maps of the dynamic network state in an efficient and scalable manner tailored to large-scale heterogeneous networks.
Rational design of Ni-based catalysts derived from hydrotalcite for selective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (2015)

A hydrotalcite-derived Ni-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst can catalyze HMF hydrogenation to DMF, DMTHF and DHMTHF with high yields (91.5%, 97.4% and 96.2% respectively).
Noncanonical Functions of Telomerase: Implications in Telomerase-Targeted Cancer Therapies (2014)

Telomerase plays a pivotal role in bypassing cellular senescence and maintaining telomere homeostasis, essential properties required for the sustenance and progression of cancer. However, recent investigations have uncovered extratelomeric properties of telomerase that are independent of its role in telomere extension. This review summarizes recent insights to the noncanonical functions of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) catalytic subunit, in particular in cancer progression, and highlights two major signaling mechanisms involved in the cross-talk with TERT-the NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. We propose a feed-forward regulatory loop mechanism underlying TERT activation in cancers in which TERT acts as a transcriptional modulator of oncogenic signaling pathways that sustain its own levels and control the induction of target genes critical for tumor cell survival and proliferation. Finally, we provide a new perspective on telomerase-targeted cancer therapies and suggest possible interventions targeting the nontelomeric roles of TERT. This therapeutic strategy can be used in the future targeting of other telomerase components that exhibit novel nontelomeric functions in cancer and other ailments.
Coordinating Linear and 2D Displays to Support Exploratory Search (2007)

Linear and 2D displays have complementary strengths and this paper illustrates how they can be used in concert to support users in the search process. Linear lists are the dominant way for presenting search results and users are most familiar with such result displays. However, ranked lists can only display a limited number of results, whereas 2D layouts can display many results. This paper illustrates how several tightly coupled displays and controls can help users to explore large result sets. Further, it shows how linear and 2D displays can be combined to enable users to see structural relationships between the search results, such as being related to the same topics, tags or being stored on the same web host.
Anomalous Electron Diffusion and Ion Acceleration in a Low-Density Plasma (1966)

Ion and electron transport properties have been measured in a steady state, weakly turbulent plasma that was subjected to crossed E and B fields. The geometry permits quantitative measurements of electron and ion currents. The ion gyro radius is large compared to the apparatus dimensions. Measurements of the potential gradients, Hall currents, and ion velocity show that the ions are freely accelerated through the plasma by electrostatic forces. However, an ``anomalous diffusion'' of electrons is observed since the electron current across the magnetic field is much too large to be due to collisional diffusion. The plasma is weakly turbulent, consisting of a slowly rotating density concentration on which higher frequency fluctuations are superimposed. Electric field fluctuations are found that are correlated with the density variations so as to produce the ``anomalous diffusion'' via adiabatic E × B drifts. The magnitudes of these electric field and density variations are used to predict a net electron current that agrees with the direct measurements of this current. Reasonable agreement with the turbulent diffusion theory of Yoshikawa and Rose is obtained.
Variable Frequency Multiplier Technique for High-Efficiency Conversion Over a Wide Operating Range (2015)

This paper presents a variable frequency multiplier (VFX) technique that enables the design of converters for wide input and/or output voltage ranges while preserving high efficiency. The technique is applied to an LLC converter to demonstrate its effectiveness for converters having a wide input voltage variation such as universal input power supplies. This technique compresses the effective operating range required of a resonant converter by switching the inverter and/or the rectifier operation between processing energy at a fundamental frequency and one or more harmonic frequencies. The implemented converter operates over an input voltage range of 85-340 V, but the resonant tank and conversion ratio have only been designed for half this range; a VFX mode of the inverter is used to enhance this to the full range. The experimental results from a 50-W converter show an efficiency of 94.9%-96.6% across the entire input voltage range, demonstrating the advantage of using this technique in such applications.
Observation of Quantum Periodicity in the Transition Temperature of a Superconducting Cylinder (1962)

Deaver and Fairbank1 and Doll and Nabauer2 have shown experimentally that the flax which is trapped in a superconducting cylinder is an integral multiple of the unit hc/2e. It has been pointed out3’4 that this result follows because the free energy of the superconducting state is periodic in this unit of the flux if the electrons are paired in the manner described by the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory.5 The free energy of the normal state, on the other hand, is virtually independent of the flux. Consequently, the transition temperature T c , which is the temperature at which the free energy of the normal and superconducting states are equal, must also be a periodic function of the enclosed flux Φ. The magnitude of the change in T c was calculated for a thin cylindrical sample using the BCS model in which the possible pairing of particles with net momentum was included.
Radical Formation in the Reactions of t-Butyl Hydroperoxide with Styrene<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadical Formation in the Reactions of t-Butyl Hydroperoxide with Styrene1Cheves Walling and LaDonne HeatonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 1, 38–47Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01079a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01079a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1056Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements (1977)

Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements , Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Identification of a Novel First Exon of Prolactin Receptor Gene Expressed in the Rat Brain (2002)

A novel first exon, E1(4), whose sequence was distinct from those of the three known first exons, E1(1), E1(2), and E1(3), of the rat PRL receptor (PRL-R) gene was identified by cDNA cloning for the 5'-end region of PRL-R mRNA expressed in the rat brain. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of two different length E1(4) cDNAs. The longer cDNA contained the 243-bp E1(4) sequence, and the shorter cDNA lacked the 139-bp sequence at the 5'-end of the longer one. Neither E1(4) cDNA has a second exon sequence, indicating that the E1(4) first exon is extensively spliced to the third exon. E1(4)-containing PRL-R mRNAs were detected only in the brain by RT-PCR and ribonuclease protection assay. The longer E1(4) mRNA was expressed as the major PRL-R mRNA species in the brain and was greatly increased in pregnant (d 18) and lactating (d 5) rats. A genomic clone containing the E1(4) first exon together with its 5'- and 3'-flanking regions was isolated from a rat kidney genomic library. Ribonuclease protection assay revealed that the position corresponding to the 5'-end of the shorter E1(4) cDNA is the major transcription start point for the E1(4) exon. The 5'-flanking region of E1(4) contained a TATA box-like element 23 bp upstream of the major transcription start point. Other putative transcription factor-binding sites, such as CCAAT, Sp1, and glucocorticoid-responsive elements, were observed at further upstream regions. These results suggest that PRL-R gene expression in rat brain is controlled by the promoter for the E1(4) first exon.
Quantitative accuracy of dopaminergic neurotransmission imaging with (123)I SPECT. (2003)

Accurate estimates of striatal uptake and BP in (123)I brain SPECT are feasible with PVC, even with small errors in registering SPECT with anatomic data or in segmenting the striata.
Visible and near infra-red up-conversion in Tm^3+/Yb^3+ co-doped silica fibers under 980 nm excitation (2008)

The spectroscopic properties of Tm(3+)/Yb(3+) co-doped silica fibers under excitation at 980 nm are reported. Three distinct up-conversion fluorescence bands were observed in the visible to near infra-red regions. The blue and red fluorescence bands at 475 and 650 nm, respectively, were found to originate from the (1)G(4) level of Tm(3+). A three step up-conversion process was established as the populating mechanism for these fluorescence bands. The fluorescence band at 800 nm was found to originate from two possible transitions in Tm(3+); one being the transition from the (3)H(4) to (3)H(6) manifold which was found to dominate at low pump powers; the other being the transition from the (1)G(4) to (3)H(6) level which dominates at higher pump powers. The fluorescence lifetime of the (3)H(4) and (3)F(4) levels of Tm(3+) and (2)F(5/2) level of Yb(3+) were studied as a function of Yb(3+) concentration, with no significant energy back transfer from Tm(3+) to Yb(3+) observed.
Identification of gases responsible for the odour of human flatus and evaluation of a device purported to reduce this odour (1998)

Sulphur-containing gases are the major, but not the only, malodorous components of human flatus. The charcoal lined cushion effectively limits the escape of these sulphur-containing gases into the environment.