gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of control and modulation schemes for medium-voltage drives: Emerging predictive control concepts versus Field Oriented Control (2010)

Control and modulation schemes for electrical drives synthesize switched three-phase voltage waveforms that control the electrical machine. Particularly in medium-voltage applications, the aim is to minimize both the switching losses in the inverter as well as the harmonic distortions of the stator currents and the torque. For a given modulation scheme, lower switching losses usually imply higher distortion factors and vice versa. As shown in this paper, for pulse width modulation, this trade-off can be described by a hyperbolic function. Predictive control concepts are rapidly emerging. Their characteristic hyperbolic trade-off functions are derived and compared with each other and with the one of pulse width modulation. It is shown that predictive schemes with long prediction horizons shift the trade-off point towards the origin thus lowering both the switching losses and the harmonic distortions.
Comparison of Surgical and Endoscopic Sample Collection for Pancreatic Cyst Fluid Biomarker Identification (2012)

Significant efforts are underway to develop new biomarkers from pancreatic cyst fluid. Previous research has made use of cyst fluid collected from surgically removed cysts, but the clinical implementation of biomarkers would use cyst fluid collected by endoscopic ultrasound-guided, fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical applicability of cyst fluid research obtained using surgical specimens. Matched pairs of operating-room collected (OR) and EUS-FNA samples from 12 patients were evaluated for the levels of three previously described biomarkers, CA 19-9, CEA, and glycan levels detected by wheat germ agglutinin on MUC5AC (MUC5AC-WGA). CA 19-9 and MUC5AC-WGA correlated well between the sample types, although CEA was more variable between the sample types for certain patients. The variability was not due to the time delay between EUS-FNA and OR collection or differences in total protein concentrations but may be caused by contamination of the cyst fluid with blood proteins. The classification of each patient based on thresholds for each marker was perfectly consistent between sample types for CA 19-9 and MUC5AC-WGA and mostly consistent for CEA. Therefore, results obtained using OR-collected pancreatic cyst fluid samples should reliably transfer to the clinical setting using EUS-FNA samples.
Electric-field control of ferromagnetism in (Ga,Mn)As (2006)

The authors show modulation of Curie temperature TC and coercivity μ0Hc by applying external electric fields E in a ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As, where a field-effect transistor structure with an Al2O3 gate insulator is utilized. Application of E=+5(–5)MV∕cm decreases (increases) TC of the channel layer. μ0Hc also decreases (increases) with increasing (decreasing) E below TC. The mechanism of the modulation of μ0Hc by E is discussed.
A Television Display Using Acoustic Deflection and Modulation of Coherent Light (1966)

Bragg reflection of laser light by ultrasonic waves in water produces the horizontal deflection in a television display. The ultrasonic waves are frequency-modulated with a sawtooth function. Deflection angles are small but there are 200 resolvable positions; the constant rate of angular change which characterizes a television scan permits the use of a wide optical aperture, leading to a small spot size. Conventional optical magnification follows the horizontal deflection, rendering a 3 MHz video signal visible on the screen. Bragg reflection requires the acoustic wave front to be symmetrical with respect to the incident and diffracted light rays. Thus, as the Bragg angle is altered, the acoustic wavefront should rotate. This is accomplished by a phased array of transducer strips whose combined wavefront rotates as the frequency changes, providing excellent correction over a wide band (19 to 35 MHz in this experiment, corresponding to a +/-30 percent change in Bragg angle). Broadband electrical and acoustical matching techniques make it possible to diffract all the incident light with about one watt of electrical input. A second acoustic diffraction cell intensity-modulates the light. In an early experiment, the laser beam was constricted to a very small diameter before entering the modulator cell; even so, the finite beam size caused a significant loss of high-frequency response. An improved version uses an old principle (Scophony, 1939): the laser beam traversing the cell is made wide enough to encompass several picture elements, all traveling across the beam at sound velocity; the horizontal deflection system nullifies the apparent motion of these elements making them stand still on the screen while a fan of light sweeps over them. With this modulation system, spatial coherence is needed only across the vertical dimension of the laser. The tolerance on the orientation of the acoustic wavefronts, the improvement brought about by the phased array, and the amount of power needed to drive the diffraction cell are calculated and the results confirmed by measurement. There is also good agreement between the experimentally observed optical resolution (spatial frequency response) and the theoretical expectation based on the computed far-field intensity pattern.
Studies on the Metabolic Products of Oospora sp. (1961)

A microorganism was isolated from the air of a patient-room and classified in the genus Oospora. This microorganism was cultured on a malt extract medium, and the mycellium was separated from the culture filtrate. A new compound (O-1), m. p.129°C, C11H10O3, and eburicoic acid, m. p.290°C, C31H50O3 were obtained from the dried mycellium. Another new compound (O-2), m. p.176°C, C11H8O5 was obtained from the culture filtrate.
Role of osteoblast–fibroblast interactions in the formation of the ligament‐to‐bone interface (2007)

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) inserts into bone through a characteristic fibrocartilagenous interface, which is essential for load transfer between soft and hard tissues. This multi-tissue interface is lost post ACL reconstruction, and the lack of an anatomic fibrocartilage interface between graft and bone remains the leading cause of graft failure. Currently, the mechanism of interface formation is not known. As a fibrocartilage-like tissue is found within the bone tunnel post ACL reconstruction, we hypothesize that fibroblast-osteoblast interactions at the graft-to-bone junction play a role in fibrocartilage formation. To test this hypothesis, a co-culture model permitting osteoblast-fibroblast communications was used to determine the effects of heterotypic interactions on cell phenotype and the development of fibrocartilage-relevant markers in vitro. It was found that co-culture decreased cell proliferation and osteoblast-mediated mineralization, while inducing fibroblast-mediated mineralization. Moreover, the expression of interface-relevant markers such as collagen type II and aggrecan were detected. Our findings suggest that osteoblast-fibroblast interactions may lead to cell trans-differentiation and eventual fibrocartilage formation. These results provide new insight into the mechanism of fibrocartilage formation, which are critical for interface tissue engineering and achieving biological fixation of soft tissue grafts to bone.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Deliver Exogenous miRNAs to Neural Cells and Induce Their Differentiation and Glutamate Transporter Expression (2014)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential therapeutic targets in a variety of pathological conditions in the brain; however, their clinical application is hampered by lack of efficient delivery modes. Mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) migrate to sites of injury and inflammation and exert therapeutic effects in various neurological disorders. Here, we examined the ability of MSCs to deliver exogenous miRNA mimics and pre-miRNAs to human neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and astrocytes and characterized the functional impact of this delivery. We found that MSCs efficiently delivered fluorescent-labeled miR-124 and miR-145 mimics to cocultured NPCs and astrocytes. We further demonstrated the delivery of the miRNAs using novel reporter plasmids that contain a sequence complementary to miR-124 or miR-145 downstream of luciferase or mCherry. Binding of the specific miRNAs to these sequences results in decreased luciferase activity or mCherry fluorescence and therefore enable analysis of miRNA delivery in living cells. The delivered exogenous miR-124 significantly decreased the expression of the target gene Sox9 by targeting its 3'-UTR, and increased the neuronal differentiation of the NPCs. In addition, the delivered miR-124 increased the expression of the glutamate transporters, EAAT1 in NPCs and EAAT2 in both NPCs and astrocytes. Similar results were obtained with MSCs transfected with pre-miR-124. The miRNA delivery was mediated by MSC-derived exosomes and was cell contact independent. These results suggest that MSCs can functionally deliver exogenous miRNAs to neural cells and provide an efficient route of therapeutic miRNA delivery to the brain in pathological conditions with clinical implications for regenerative medicine.
CloudThings: A common architecture for integrating the Internet of Things with Cloud Computing (2013)

The Internet of Things presents the user with a novel means of communicating with the Web world through ubiquitous object-enabled networks. Cloud Computing enables a convenient, on demand and scalable network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources. This paper mainly focuses on a common approach to integrate the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud Computing under the name of CloudThings architecture. We review the state of the art for integrating Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things. We examine an IoT-enabled smart home scenario to analyze the IoT application requirements. We also propose the CloudThings architecture, a Cloud-based Internet of Things platform which accommodates CloudThings IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS for accelerating IoT application, development, and management. Moreover, we present our progress in developing the CloudThings architecture, followed by a conclusion.
Massively Parallel Jacobian Computation (2013)

The Jacobian evaluation problem is ubiquitous throughout scientic computing. In this article, the possibility of massively parallel computing of Jacobian matrix is discussed. It is shown that the computation of the Jacobian matrix shares the same parallelism with the computation being di¤erentiated, which suggests that once we know how to parallelize a computation, its Jacobian computation can be parallelized in a similar manner. A simple problem is used to demonstrate the potential of massively parallel Jacobian computation with GPU. Signicant speedup is observed.
The isolated catalytic hairpin of the Ras‐specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Cdc25<sup>Mm</sup> retains nucleotide dissociation activity but has impaired nucleotide exchange activity (2005)

Cdc25Mm is a mammalian Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). By homology modeling we show that it shares with Sos-GEF the structure of the putative catalytic HI hairpin where the dominant negative T1184E mutation is located. Similarly to Cdc25MmT1184E, the isolated wild-type and mutant hairpins retain the ability to displace Ras-bound nucleotide, originate a stable Ras/GEF complex and downregulate the Ras pathway in vivo. These results indicate that nucleotide re-entry and Ras/GEF dissociation--final steps in the GEF catalytic cycle--require GEF regions different from the HI hairpin. GEF down-sizing could lead to development of novel Ras inhibitors.
Fundamentals of Conjugated Polymer Blends, Copolymers and Composites (2015)

Since their discovery in 1977, the evolution of conducting polymers has revolutionized modern science and technology. These polymers enjoy a special status in the area of materials science yet they are not as popular among young readers or common people when compared to other materials like metals, paper, plastics, rubber, textiles, ceramics and composites like concrete. Most importantly, much of the available literature in the form of papers, specific review articles and books is targeted either at advanced readers (scientists / technologists / engineers / senior academicians) or for those who are already familiar with the topic (doctoral / postdoctoral scholars). For a beginner or even school / college students, such compilations are bit difficult to access / digest. In fact, they need proper introduction to the topic of conducting polymers including their discovery, preparation, properties, applications and societal impact, using suitable examples and already known principles/knowledge/phenomenon. Further, active participation of readers in terms of "question & answers", "fill-in-the-blanks", "numerical" along with suitable answer key is necessary to maintain the interest and to initiate the "thought process". The readers also need to know about the drawbacks and any hazards of such materials. Therefore, I believe that a comprehensive source on the science / technology of conducting polymers which maintains a link between grass root fundamentals and state-of-the-art R&D is still missing from the open literature.
Structural and ionic determinants of 5‐nitro‐2‐(3‐phenylpropylamino)‐benzoic acid block of the CFTR chloride channel (1999)

1. The goals of this study were to identify the structural components required for arylaminobenzoate block of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel and to determine the involvement of two positively charged amino acid residues, found within the channel, in drug binding. 2. Wild-type and mutant CFTR chloride channels were expressed in Xenopus oocytes and CFTR currents measured using the two microelectrode voltage clamp. Block of the wild-type CFTR current by 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoate (NPPB) occurred in a voltage-dependent manner with preferential inhibition of the inward currents (Kd = 166 microM at -90 mV). 3. Removal of the phenyl ring from the aliphatic chain of NPPB, with the compound 2-butylamino-5-nitrobenzoic acid, caused only a small change in CFTR inhibition (Kd = 243 microM), while addition of an extra phenyl ring at this position (5-nitro-2-(3,3-diphenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid) increased drug potency (Kd = 58 microM). In contrast, removal of the benzoate ring (2-amino-4-phenylbutyric acid) or the 5-nitro group (2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid) of NPPB severely limited drug block of the wild-type channel. 4. NPPB inhibition of CFTR currents in oocytes expressing the mutants K335E and R347E also occurred in a voltage-dependent manner. However, the Kds for NPPB block were increased to 371 and 1573 microM, for the K335E and R347E mutants, respectively. 5. NPPB block of the inward wild-type CFTR current was reduced in the presence of 10 mM of the permeant anion SCN-. 6. These studies present the first step in the development of high affinity probes to the CFTR channel.
Sub-3 ns pulse with sub-100 µA switching of 1x–2x nm perpendicular MTJ for high-performance embedded STT-MRAM towards sub-20 nm CMOS (2016)

A novel perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is developed that can be switched using pulse widths of around 1 ns and currents of less than 100 μA. This paper presents the first demonstration in novel achievement of fast switching, low power operation and size scalability of write current down to 16 nm diameter MTJ. This MTJ satisfies retention which is typically required in cache memory. Measurement results show that our proposed MTJ can open a path to embedded STT-MRAM in sub-20 nm CMOS generation.
Small molecule c‐MET inhibitor PHA665752: Effect on cell growth and motility in papillary thyroid carcinoma (2008)

PHA665752 is an effective and specific inhibitor of c-met in PTC cells with high levels of c-met expression.
Gastric polyps: the case for polypectomy and endoscopic surveillance. (1990)

Thirty-two patients with gastric polyps and a mean follow-up period of 18 months were analysed. The principal presentation was epigastric pain accompanied at times by haematemesis or melaena. As in other series, the hyperplastic polyps (21 cases) predominated, followed by the adenomatous type (six patients). Endoscopy was an effective first-line investigative method for 21 patients and for a further five who had initial false negative barium studies. Gastric polypectomy was performed for 60% of patients without any complications. There was discrepancy between the biopsy material and polypectomy specimen in five of seven patients who were recalled for snaring. Although no polyp in this series turned malignant, one diffuse polyposis patient developed linitis plastica after 4.5 years of follow-up. Hence, for reasons of recurrence, new polypoid growths and development of gastric cancer, long-term surveillance is indicated.
Oxidation and other reactions of thiobenzamide derivatives of relevance to their hepatotoxicity (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation and other reactions of thiobenzamide derivatives of relevance to their hepatotoxicityJohn R. Cashman and Robert P. HanzlikCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 24, 4645–4650Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00145a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00145a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views667Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON PHOSPHONIC ACID ANTIBIOTICS. IV. SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ANALOGS OF 3‐(N‐ACETYL‐N‐HYDROXYAMINO)PROPYLPHOSPHONIC ACID (FR‐900098) (1982)

Abstract Auf dem im Formelschema angegebenen Weg werden diePhosphonsäurederivate (IX), die Wirkung gegen Pseudomonas‐Arten zeigen, hergestellt.
RGB-(D) scene labeling: Features and algorithms (2012)

Scene labeling research has mostly focused on outdoor scenes, leaving the harder case of indoor scenes poorly understood. Microsoft Kinect dramatically changed the landscape, showing great potentials for RGB-D perception (color+depth). Our main objective is to empirically understand the promises and challenges of scene labeling with RGB-D. We use the NYU Depth Dataset as collected and analyzed by Silberman and Fergus [30]. For RGB-D features, we adapt the framework of kernel descriptors that converts local similarities (kernels) to patch descriptors. For contextual modeling, we combine two lines of approaches, one using a superpixel MRF, and the other using a segmentation tree. We find that (1) kernel descriptors are very effective in capturing appearance (RGB) and shape (D) similarities; (2) both superpixel MRF and segmentation tree are useful in modeling context; and (3) the key to labeling accuracy is the ability to efficiently train and test with large-scale data. We improve labeling accuracy on the NYU Dataset from 56.6% to 76.1%. We also apply our approach to image-only scene labeling and improve the accuracy on the Stanford Background Dataset from 79.4% to 82.9%.
The most informative stopping times for Viterbi algorithm: sequential properties (2002)

Sequential properties of the Viterbi algorithm are studied based on a renewal sequence of the most informative stopping times which can be explicitly found during the Viterbi recognition of the most likeliest hidden Markovian state-sequence.
Identification of Cellular Proteins That Interact with the Adeno-Associated Virus Rep Protein (2008)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) codes for four related nonstructural Rep proteins. AAV both replicates and assembles in the nucleus and requires coinfection with a helper virus, either adenovirus (Ad) or herpesvirus, for a productive infection. Like other more complex DNA viruses, it is believed that AAV interacts or modifies host cell proteins to carry out its infection cycle. To date, relatively little is known about the host proteins that interact with the viral Rep proteins, which are known to be directly involved in DNA replication, control of viral and cellular transcription, splicing, and protein translation. In this study, we used affinity-tagged Rep protein to purify cellular protein complexes that were associated with Rep in cells that had been infected with Ad and AAV. In all, we identified 188 cellular proteins from 16 functional categories, including 14 transcription factors, 6 translation factors, 15 potential splicing proteins, 5 proteins involved in protein degradation, and 13 proteins involved in DNA replication or repair. This dramatically increases the number of potential interactions over the current number of approximately 26. Twelve of the novel proteins found were further tested by coimmunoprecipitation or colocalization using confocal immunomicroscopy. Of these, 10 were confirmed as proteins that formed complexes with Rep, including proteins of the MCM complex (DNA replication), RCN1 (membrane transport), SMC2 (chromatin dynamics), EDD1 (ubiquitin ligase), IRS4 (signal transduction), and FUS (splicing). Computer analysis suggested that 45 and 28 of the 188 proteins could be placed in a pathway of interacting proteins involved in DNA replication and protein synthesis, respectively. Of the proteins involved in DNA replication, all of the previously identified proteins involved in AAV DNA replication were found, except Ad DBP. The only Ad protein found to interact with Rep was the E1b55K protein. In addition, we confirmed that Rep interacts with Ku70/80 helicase. In vitro DNA synthesis assays demonstrated that although Ku helicase activity could substitute for MCM to promote strand displacement synthesis, its presence was not essential. Our study suggests that the interaction of AAV with cellular proteins is much more complex than previously suspected and provides a resource for further studies of the AAV life cycle.
Cardiomyopathy in muscular dystrophies. (2003)

Our understanding of the incidence, type and pathogenesis of the molecular basis for cardiac involvement in different muscular dystrophies has improved significantly over the last year. This has resulted in the proposal of novel therapeutic guidelines that will help the management of patients with muscular dystrophies.
Modular paging with dynamic TLB partitioning for embedded real-time systems (2008)

Modern embedded systems are composed of hard real-time tasks, soft real-time tasks and even non real-time tasks. A key requirement for system reliability is inter-task memory protection to prevent the spreading of faults across address spaces. Due to the lack of suitable approaches to enable virtual memory under hard real-time constraints and to support high flexibility for soft and non real-time tasks, we propose a modular page table approach with dynamic TLB partitioning. Different tasks are handled variably, depending on their real time constraints.