gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physiological Role of β-Phosphoglucomutase in <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> (2001)

A beta-phosphoglucomutase (beta-PGM) mutant of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 19435 was constructed using a minimal integration vector and double-crossover recombination. The mutant and the wild-type strain were grown under controlled conditions with different sugars to elucidate the role of beta-PGM in carbohydrate catabolism and anabolism. The mutation did not significantly affect growth, product formation, or cell composition when glucose or lactose was used as the carbon source. With maltose or trehalose as the carbon source the wild-type strain had a maximum specific growth rate of 0.5 h(-1), while the deletion of beta-PGM resulted in a maximum specific growth rate of 0.05 h(-1) on maltose and no growth at all on trehalose. Growth of the mutant strain on maltose resulted in smaller amounts of lactate but more formate, acetate, and ethanol, and approximately 1/10 of the maltose was found as beta-glucose 1-phosphate in the medium. Furthermore, the beta-PGM mutant cells grown on maltose were considerably larger and accumulated polysaccharides which consisted of alpha-1,4-bound glucose units. When the cells were grown at a low dilution rate in a glucose and maltose mixture, the wild-type strain exhibited a higher carbohydrate content than when grown at higher growth rates, but still this content was lower than that in the beta-PGM mutant. In addition, significant differences in the initial metabolism of maltose and trehalose were found, and cell extracts did not digest free trehalose but only trehalose 6-phosphate, which yielded beta-glucose 1-phosphate and glucose 6-phosphate. This demonstrates the presence of a novel enzymatic pathway for trehalose different from that of maltose metabolism in L. lactis.
Morphological Transformation of Chinese Hamster Cells by Dibutyryl Adenosine Cyclic 3′:5′-Monophosphate and Testosterone (1971)

Treatment of Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro with dibutyrl adenosine cyclic 3':5'-monophosphate converts the culture from one of compact, randomly oriented cells that grow in multilayers to a monolayer of elongated, fibroblast-like cells growing parallel to one another. Testosterone propionate, which has a similar though smaller effect at high concentrations and after prolonged incubation, potentiates the action of dibutyryl cyclic AMP even when added at very low concentrations. The transformation is recognizable within one hour, affects cells throughout all or most of the life cycle, and is completely reversible. Both cell forms can reproduce, with approximately the same generation time. Agents like colcemid and vinblastine, which inhibit assembly of microtubules, prevent the transformation to the fibroblast-like form. It is postulated that the dibutyryl cyclic AMP and testosterone act by promoting organization of microtubules from protein monomers.
Status of breast cancer prognostication based on histopathologic data. (1994)

The authors present the current status of histopathologic data for prognostication in breast cancer. Current guidelines for using the combined histologic grade are given, as is a review of clinical settings in which this robust grading system has been proved predictive. Precise guidelines are also presented for recognizing special histologic types of cancer, which are associated with an excellent prognosis. Histopathologic methods for assessing cellular proliferation are also presented. This is a dynamic time in the field of breast histopathology when there is a wider and widening appreciation for the clinical utility of these assessments. Concurrently, these approaches should be used with care and clinical relevance of this information should be presented with clarity.
Physical Metallurgy (1996)

Physical Metallurgy elucidates the microstructure, transformation and properties of metallic materials by means of solid state physics and chemical thermodynamics. Experimental methods of physical metallurgy are also treated.This third edition includes new sections on the permeation of hydrogen in metals, the Landau theory of martensitic transformation, and order hardening and plasticity of intermetallics. Numerous other sections have been brought up to date in the light of new developments (e.g. scanning tunnelling microscopy, CALPHAD-method, diffusion in glasses, DIGM, recrystallisation). New artwork and references have also been added.Professor Haasen's clear and concise coverage of a remarkably wide range of topics will appeal both to physics students at the threshold of their metallurgical careers, and to metallurgists who are interested in the physical foundation of their field.
Resoluciones del Consejo Superior de Contribuciones (1946)

- Alcabala de enajenaciones- Impuesto complementario.- Impuesto a los predios.- Impuesto a los sueldos.- Impuestos a las utilizades.
Monitoring of a sequencing batch reactor using adaptive multiblock principal component analysis (2003)

Multiway principal component analysis (MPCA) for the analysis and monitoring of batch processes has recently been proposed. Although MPCA has found wide applications in batch process monitoring, it assumes that future batches behave in the same way as those used for model identification. In this study, a new monitoring algorithm, adaptive multiblock MPCA, is developed. The method overcomes the problem of changing process conditions by updating the covariance structure recursively. A historical set of operational data of a multiphase batch process was divided into local blocks in such a way that the variables from one phase of a batch run could be blocked in the corresponding blocks. This approach has significant benefits because the latent variable structure can change for each phase during the batch operation. The adaptive multiblock model also allows for easier fault detection and isolation by looking at the relationship between blocks and at smaller meaningful block models, and it therefore helps in the diagnosis of the disturbance. The proposed adaptive multiblock monitoring method is successfully applied to a sequencing batch reactor for biological wastewater treatment.
Local false nearest neighbors and dynamical dimensions from observed chaotic data (1993)

The time delay reconstruction of the state space of a system from observed scalar data requires a time lag and an integer embedding dimension. The minimum necessary global embedding dimension ${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{E}}$ may still be larger than the actual dimension of the underlying dynamics ${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{L}}$. The embedding theorem only guarantees that the attractor of the system is fully unfolded using ${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{E}}$ greater than 2${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{A}}$, with ${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{A}}$ the fractal attractor dimension. Using the idea of local false nearest neighbors, we discuss methods for determining the integer-valued ${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{L}}$.
Studies of congenic MRL-<i>Ipr/Ipr.xid</i> mice. (1983)

Highly inbred MRL-Ipr/Ipr.xid congenic mice were bred and compared with their + littermates. The xid-bearing congenics developed lymphadenopathy consisting of dull Ly-1+ T cells and impairment of cellular proliferation and IL 2 production in response to the T cell mitogen Con A. Thus, the lpr gene was fully expressed. The xid gene, however, was also expressed as indicated by the failure to respond to immunization with TNP-Ficoll and flow cytometric analysis of splenic B cells. The xid gene was associated with a marked reduction in IgM anti-ssDNA and anti-nDNA of both classes, and serum Ig-bound gp 70. Kidney disease was markedly retarded as was death from the autoimmune process. These studies suggest that the T cell lymphoproliferation and dysfunction characteristic of MRL-Ipr/Ipr mice is not sufficient to induce accelerated autoimmunity; xid is able to markedly slow the process. The xid gene interferes with the development of a B cell subset necessary for maximum autoantibody production, anti-gp 70 production, and the resultant immune complex renal and cardiac disease. The present finding of protection against accelerated autoimmunity in MRL-Ipr/Ipr mice by xid, coupled with previous demonstrations of protection against autoimmunity in other autoimmune mouse strains, suggests that a common approach to the therapy of systemic lupus may be possible.
Analysis of High-Purity Iron (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of High-Purity IronR. E. Heffelfinger, D. L. Chase, G. W. P. Rengstorff, and W. M. HenryCite this: Anal. Chem. 1958, 30, 1, 112–114Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60133a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60133a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Research on Video Anti-hotlinking for OTT (2016)

With the development of Internet, streaming media, as a popular video application, has been paid more attention and also attached many link-stealers. A method of video anti-hotlinking for OTT has been proposed in this paper. When generating the index dynamically which include the link of slice, it combines with the videos' characteristic in the slice, adding the recognition technology about feature to anti-hotlinking. Through results and analysis of simulation experiment, it shows that the method in this paper has more effective than the traditional anti-hotlinking methods on preventing the stealing of video files, which can protect the profit of legal websites.
REPLICATION-BASED EMULATION OF THE RESPONSE DISTRIBUTION OF STOCHASTIC SIMULATORS USING GENERALIZED LAMBDA DISTRIBUTIONS (2020)

Due to limited computational power, performing uncertainty quantification analyses with complex computational models can be a challenging task. This is exacerbated in the context of stochastic simulators, the response of which to a given set of input parameters, rather than being a deterministic value, is a random variable with unknown probability density function (PDF). Of interest in this paper is the construction of a surrogate that can accurately predict this response PDF for any input parameters. We suggest using a flexible distribution family−the generalized lambda distribution−to approximate the response PDF. The associated distribution parameters are cast as functions of input parameters and represented by sparse polynomial chaos expansions. To build such a surrogate model, we propose an approach based on a local inference of the response PDF at each point of the experimental design based on replicated model evaluations. Two versions of this framework are proposed and compared on analytical examples and case studies.
Microwave Spectrum, Structural Parameters, and Quadrupole Coupling for 1,2-Dihydro-1,2-azaborine (2010)

The first microwave spectrum for 1,2-dihydro-1,2-azaborine has been measured in the frequency range 7-18 GHz, providing accurate rotational constants and nitrogen and boron quadrupole coupling strengths for three isotopomers, H(6)C(4)(11)B(14)N, H(6)C(4)(10)B(14)N, and H(5)DC(4)(11)B(14)N. The measured rotational constants were used to accurately determine coordinates for the substituted atoms and provide sufficient data to determine most of the important structural parameters for this molecule. The spectra were obtained using a pulsed beam Fourier transform microwave spectrometer, with sufficient resolution to allow accurate measurements of (14)N, (11)B, and (10)B nuclear quadrupole hyperfine interactions. High-level ab initio calculations provided structural parameters and quadrupole coupling strengths that are in very good agreement with measured values. The rotational constants for the parent compound are A = 5657.335(1), B = 5349.2807(5), and C = 2749.1281(4) MHz, yielding the inertial defect Delta(0) = 0.02 amu x A(2) for the ground-state structure. The observed near-zero and positive inertial defect clearly indicates that the molecular structure of 1,2-dihydro-1,2-azaborine is planar. The least-squares fit analysis to determine the azaborine ring structure yielded the experimental bond lengths and 2sigma errors R(B-N) = 1.45(3) A, R(B-C) = 1.51(1) A, and R(N-C) = 1.37(3) A for the ground-state structure. Interbond angles for the ring were also determined. An extended Townes-Dailey population analysis of the boron and nitrogen quadrupole coupling constants provided the valence p-electron occupancy p(c) = 0.3e for boron and p(c) = 1.3e for nitrogen.
Size-dependent magnetism and spin-glass behavior of amorphous NiO bulk, clusters, and nanocrystals: Experiments and first-principles calculations (2007)

A combined experimental and computational study was carried out to investigate magnetic properties of NiO nanostructures. Remarkable size-dependent magnetism was discovered. Uniform amorphous NiO showed a dominated antiferromagnetic interaction and an ordering temperature of $3.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. NiO clusters (up to $1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$) tend to be ferromagnetic interaction with an ordering temperature of $35\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, accompanied by high magnetization $(105\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{emu}∕\mathrm{g})$ and a spin-glass behavior. NiO nanocrystals $(>2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})$ were found to be antiferromagnetic with uncompensated surface magnetization and shifted hysteresis due to the core-shell interactions.
INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM IN THE FERTILIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MAMMALIAN EGGS (2007)

1. Mammalian eggs are arrested at metaphase of their second meiotic division when ovulated and remain arrested until fertilized. The sperm delivers into the egg phospholipase C (PLC) zeta, which triggers a series of Ca(2+) spikes lasting several hours. The Ca(2+) spikes provide the necessary and sufficient trigger for all the events of fertilization, including exit from metaphase II arrest and extrusion of cortical granules that block the entry of other sperm. 2. The oscillatory Ca(2+) signal switches on calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), which phosphorylates the egg-specific protein Emi2, earmarking it for degradation. To remain metaphase II arrested, eggs must maintain high levels of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) activity, a heterodimer of CDK1 and cyclin B1. Emi2 prevents loss of MPF by blocking cyclin B1 degradation, a process that is achieved by inhibiting the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome. However, CaMKII is not the primary initiator in the extrusion of cortical granules. 3. Ca(2+) spiking is also observed in mitosis of one-cell embryos, probably because PLCzeta contains a nuclear localization signal and so is released into the cytoplasm following nuclear envelope breakdown. The function of these mitotic Ca(2+) spikes remains obscure, although they are not absolutely required for passage through mitosis. 4. Intriguingly, the pattern of Ca(2+) spikes observed at fertilization has an effect on both pre- and postimplantation development in a manner that is independent of their ability to activate eggs. This suggests that the Ca(2+) spikes set in train at fertilization are having effects on processes initiated in the newly fertilized egg but whose influences are only observed several cell divisions later. The nature of the signals remains little explored, but their importance is clear and so warrants further investigation.
ChemInform Abstract: A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF 2‐PHENYLBENZO(B)THIOPHENE‐3‐AMINE AND THE CORRESPONDING S‐OXIDES (1978)

Abstract 2‐Nitrobenzonitril (I) reagiert mit Benzylmercaptid zum Substitutionsprodukt (IIa), das zu (IIb) bzw. (IIc) oxidiert wird.
Towards developing sensor networks monitoring as a middleware service (2004)

Recently, middleware has started playing an important role in embedded devices and applications. The recent advances in wireless communication and micro system technology have evolved the construction of sensor networks for sensing environmental parameters, processors, wireless communication capabilities, and autonomous power supplies in tiny devices in large quantities at low cost. Large and dense networks of these devices can then be deployed discreetly in the physical environment in order to observe a wide variety of realworld phenomena. With the continuous growth of sensor networks, monitoring has become an important problem. In this paper, we present a middleware service for monitoring sensor networks and applications with an illustrative example.
Fabrication of Nanoelectrode Arrays for Dopamine Detection (2016)

Recent advancements in the semiconductor fabrication technologies have greatly helped in advancing the understanding of electrochemistry at nano scale (10-9 m). Electrodes are being produced at micro (10-6 m) and nano scale with varied materials, designs and for diverse applications. Better electrochemical sensing and detecting capabilities are achieved with nanoelectrodes in comparison with regular macroelectrodes. Lot of theoretical studies of electrochemistry at these nanoelectrodes have been proposed and developed. Despite the theoretical advancements, little has been done in experimental studies of nanoelectrodes. The progress is majorly impeded by lack of reliable fabrication procedures to produce such nanoelectrodes and test them experimentally.;The main goal of this thesis is to develop a new procedure to fabricate nanoelectrode arrays (NEA) for enhanced electrochemical detection. A large area gold NEA is fabricated using nanosphere lithography. The electrochemical advantages of the nanoelectrodes over macro electrodes such as better mass transport of analytes, independent diffusional domains, and faster chemical reaction rates are studied. The dimensions of the electrode are optimized to get the best possible electrochemical sensing capabilities. The optimized NEA is used as a biological sensor for detecting dopamine, a neurotransmitter, in presence of biological levels of ascorbic acid.;The optimized NEA geometry has shown an excellent ability to differentiate and detect the dopamine in presence of high levels of ascorbic acid. This is attributed to the enhanced mass transport of analytes and faster chemical reaction rates at the surface of the nanoelectrodes. Bare gold macroelectrode of similar exposed area has failed to differentiate the dopamine and ascorbic acid signals.
Principles of brain evolution (2005)

Part 1: Evolutionary Neuroscience: This Book's Scope And Ambition The Book's Scope and Major Themes Part 2: A Historyof Comparative Neurobiology The Birth of Comparative Neuroanatomy Darwin's Time: The Owen-Huxley Debate The Era of Comparative Cytoarchitectonics Comparative Hodology and Histochemistry The Rise of Neurocladistics The Rejuvenation of Comparative Neuroembryology Conclusions Part 3: Conservation In Vertebrate Brains A Who's Who of Vertebrates Comparing Adult Brains Adult Brain Regions Adult Cell Types Neuron-typical Molecules Comparing Embryonic Brains The Neuromeric Model Criticisms of the Neuromeric Model Mapping Embryos onto Adults Conclusion Part 4: Evolutionary Changes In Overall Brain Size Changes in Relative Brain Size Mechanisms of Brain-body Scaling Functional Correlates of Relative Brain Size Changes in Absolute Brain Size Constraints and Compromises Conclusions Part 5: Evolutionary Changes In Brain Region Size Concerted versus Mosaic Evolution Concerted Evolution Mosaic Evolution Toward a Synthesis Functional Correlates of Brain Region Size The Principle of Proper Mass Absolute Size and Functional Capacity Proportional Size and Influence Relative Size and Adaptation Synthesis: The Avian Hippocampus Conclusions Part 6: Evolutionary Changes In Brain Region Structure Homology and Novelty Phylogenetic Conversion: Lamination Phylogenetic Proliferation: Segregation Phylogenetic Proliferation: Addition Conclusions Part 7: Evolution Of Neuronal Connectivity Epigenetic Population Matching and Cascades The Parcellation Hypothesis Connectional invasion and Its Consequences General Principles of Network Design Synthesis and Conclusions Part 8: What's Special About Mammal Brains? Early Mammals and their Brains The Phylogenetic History of Neocortex Beyond the Neocortex Conclusion Part 9: What's Special About Human Brains? Primate Behavior and Overall Brain Size Evolutionary Changes in Primate Brain Organization Hominin Behavior and Overall Brain Size Evolutionary Changes in Hominin Brain Organization Conclusions Part 10: What's Special About Human Brains? Explanatory Strategies in Evolutionary Neuroscience Steps Toward Synthesis Absolute and Relative Brain Size Conclusion
On Projection Algorithms for Solving Convex Feasibility Problems (1996)

Due to their extraordinary utility and broad applicability in many areas of classical mathematics and modern physical sciences (most notably, computerized tomography), algorithms for solving convex feasibility problems continue to receive great attention. To unify, generalize, and review some of these algorithms, a very broad and flexible framework is investigated. Several crucial new concepts which allow a systematic discussion of questions on behaviour in general Hilbert spaces and on the quality of convergence are brought out. Numerous examples are given.
Detection of soft tissue densities from digital breast tomosynthesis: comparison of conventional and deep learning approaches (2016)

Computer-aided detection (CAD) has been used in screening mammography for many years and is likely to be utilized for digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). Higher detection performance is desirable as it may have an impact on radiologist's decisions and clinical outcomes. Recently the algorithms based on deep convolutional architectures have been shown to achieve state of the art performance in object classification and detection. Similarly, we trained a deep convolutional neural network directly on patches sampled from two-dimensional mammography and reconstructed DBT volumes and compared its performance to a conventional CAD algorithm that is based on computation and classification of hand-engineered features. The detection performance was evaluated on the independent test set of 344 DBT reconstructions (GE SenoClaire 3D, iterative reconstruction algorithm) containing 328 suspicious and 115 malignant soft tissue densities including masses and architectural distortions. Detection sensitivity was measured on a region of interest (ROI) basis at the rate of five detection marks per volume. Moving from conventional to deep learning approach resulted in increase of ROI sensitivity from 0:832 ± 0:040 to 0:893 ± 0:033 for suspicious ROIs; and from 0:852 ± 0:065 to 0:930 ± 0:046 for malignant ROIs. These results indicate the high utility of deep feature learning in the analysis of DBT data and high potential of the method for broader medical image analysis tasks.