gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TNF-alpha reduces cerebral blood volume and disrupts tissue homeostasis via an endothelin- and TNFR2-dependent pathway (2002)

TNF-alpha expression is elevated in a variety of neuropathologies, including multiple sclerosis, cerebral malaria and HIV encephalitis. However, the consequences of such high cerebral TNF-alpha expression remain unresolved. Here, using MRI, we demonstrate that a focal intrastriatal injection of TNF-alpha causes a significant, acute reduction (15-30%) in cerebral blood volume (CBV), which is dependent on TNF-alpha-type 2 receptor (TNFR2) activation, and can be ameliorated by pre-treatment with a non-specific endothelin (ET) receptor antagonist. An acute breakdown of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (B-CSF-B) and a delayed breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) were also observed using contrast-enhanced MRI. Furthermore, a significant reduction in tissue water diffusion was apparent 24 h after intrastriatal injection of TNF-alpha injection, which may indicate compromise of tissue energy metabolism. Prolonged expression of endogenous TNF-alpha, achieved through the use of an adenoviral vector expressing TNF-alpha cDNA (Ad5TNF-alpha(m)), caused a sustained depression in CBV in accordance with the single TNF-alpha bolus data. These findings identify vasoconstriction, disrupted tissue homeostasis and damage to the BBBs as adverse effects of TNF-alpha within the brain, and suggest that antagonists of the endothelin and TNF-alpha type 2 receptors may be therapeutic in TNF-alpha-associated neuropathologies.
Creativity as an exact science : the theory of the solution of inventive problems (1984)

1. On the Road to a Theory of Creativity 2. Principles of S-Field Analysis 3. Tactics of Invention: Managing the Process of Task Solving 4. Talented Thought: What is it? 5. Forty Basic Methods 6. From Simple to Complex Methods 7. The Strategy of Invention: Controlling the Presentation of Problems 8. The Science of Invention
Naturally processed cytokine-derived peptide bound to HLA-class II molecules. (1993)

Abstract Sequence analysis of HLA-class II (HLA-DR beta 1-1502 and 1104)-bound self-peptides from a transformed B cell line was performed. The sequences of naturally processed self-peptides bound to HLA-DR2 and DR5 were compared with protein and nucleic acid data bases for homology to known precursor proteins. Of the matches to known precursors, one peptide showed 100% homology to the third framework and CDR3 regions of Ig VH expressed by the line. Another peptide matched 100% to the human equivalent of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP). A synthetic peptide corresponding to the naturally processed form of MIP (KPGVIFLTKRSRQV) was shown to inhibit Ag-specific HLA-DR beta 1*1104-restricted T cell proliferation. This indicates that the MIP peptide binds to HLA-DR beta 1*1104. The MIP peptide belongs to a set of peptides that showed uniform NH2-terminal processing. In this set, proline always occurred as the second residue followed by a basic lysine or arginine in position nine. This suggests that final NH2-terminal processing of peptides precedes their binding to MHC molecules. A distinct, second set of peptides showed ragged NH2-terminii, as has been reported for other naturally processed MHC-class II-bound self-peptides.
Automated Readout of Sample Identification andTest Results in a BG-8 Blood Grouping Machine (1977)

A fully automated readout unit for the BG-8 blood-grouping machine, printing Idee identification numbers with matching ABO grouping and rhesus (D) typing results is described. In 6,737 samples, no incorrect blood group was recorded. Two rhesus (D) positive samples were overlooked, however, and 16.4% of the samples had to be retested because of irregular reaction patterns. Better results are to be expected with properly selected test cells and anti-D serum. The readout unit is easily operated and is not disturbed by clots. The additional equipment needed replaces the modules which were necessary for recording on filter paper.
Role of MBD2 in gene regulation and tumorigenesis (2005)

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism involved in transcriptional silencing of imprinted genes, genes located on the inactive X chromosome, and a number of tumour suppressor genes in cancer. MBD (methyl-CpG-binding domain) proteins selectively bind to methylated DNA and recruit chromatin remodelling and transcriptional repressor complexes, thereby establishing a repressive chromatin state. MBD2, a member of the MBD protein family, binds to methylated promoter CpG islands (clusters of high-density CpG dinucleotides) and acts as a methylation-dependent transcriptional repressor. Previous work has demonstrated that decreased CpG island methylation in mice lacking the DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 is associated with impaired tumorigenesis when crossed on the tumour-susceptible Apc(Min/+) background. Mbd2 deficiency also dramatically reduces adenoma burden and extends life span in a gene dosage-dependent manner in this mouse model. Mbd2 is therefore essential for tumorigenesis in the murine intestine, although it is dispensable for the viability of the host animals. These findings validate MBD2 as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in colorectal cancer.
A New <i>In Vitro</i> Screening System for Anticancer Drugs for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (1989)

We have evaluated a semiautomated radiometric assay (BACTEC 460 system) for screening of activity of anticancer drugs against human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Cells from seven cell lines were exposed to standard antineoplastic agents at four different concentrations using a 1-h incubation. Alpha 2-interferon was tested using a continuous incubation. In vitro drug activity was analyzed as a function of the clinically achievable serum concentration. Our results indicate that two cell lines (CALU-3, SK-MES-1) exhibit in vitro drug sensitivity patterns closest to those observed in clinical studies. These two cell lines might therefore be most useful for screening new anticancer compounds for activity against non-small cell lung cancer. The radiometric assay is a semiautomated system which has advantages over other, more time-consuming screening systems.
Fluorescent Multiplex Analysis of Carrier Protein Post‐Translational Modification (2005)

A multiplex assay to investigate the functional specificity between carrier proteins, phosphopantheinyl transferases, and coenzyme A (CoA) derivatives is shown. This system offers a multicolored tool for the biophysical study of biosynthetic pathways and orthogonally designed fusion proteins. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2268/2005/z500051_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Antiviral properties of blue laser in an <i>in vitro</i> model of HSV‐1 infection (2018)

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is known to cause lifelong infections in humans. First infection is characterized by gingiva-stomatitis and pharyngitis, while virus reactivation causes recurrent herpes labialis with ulcerations on intraoral mucosa, mouth or external facial skin [1]. Laser therapy (LT), set at red and infrared wavelengths, has been reported as able to reduce HSV-1 recurrence and duration of herpetic sores [2]. Despite the blue wavelength already showed its efficacy in killing different strains of bacteria, it has never been tested on viruses [3].
LDL binds to surface‐expressed human T‐cadherin in transfected HEK293 cells and influences homophilic adhesive interactions (1999)

T-cadherin (T-cad) is an unusual glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored member of the cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules. Binding of low density lipoproteins (LDLs) to T-cad can be demonstrated on Western blots of smooth muscle cell lysates, membranes and purified proteins. Using HEK293 cells transfected with human T-cad cDNA (T-cad+), we have investigated the adhesion properties of expressed mature and precursor proteins and examined the postulate that LDL represents a physiologically relevant ligand for T-cad. T-cad+ exhibits an increased Ca(2+)-dependent aggregation (vs. control) that was reduced by selective proteolytic cleavage of precursor T-cad and abolished after either proteolytic or phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) cleavage of both mature and precursor proteins, indicating that both proteins function in intercellular adhesion. T-cad+ exhibited a significantly increased specific cell surface-binding of [(125)I]-LDL that was sensitive to PI-PLC pre-treatment of cells. Ca(2+)-dependent intercellular adhesion of T-cad+ was significantly inhibited by LDL. Our results support the suggestion that LDL is a physiologically relevant ligand for T-cad.
Nanoscale Elastic Changes in 2D Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> (MXene) Pseudocapacitive Electrodes (2016)

Designing sustainable electrodes for next generation energy storage devices relies on the understanding of their fundamental properties at the nanoscale, including the comprehension of ions insertion into the electrode and their interactions with the active material. One consequence of ion storage is the change in the electrode volume resulting in mechanical strain and stress that can strongly affect the cycle life. Therefore, it is important to understand the changes of dimensions and mechanical properties occurring during electrochemical reactions. While the characterization of mechanical properties via macroscopic measurements is well documented, in situ characterization of their evolution has never been achieved at the nanoscale. It is reported here with in situ imaging, combined with density functional theory of the elastic changes of a 2D titanium carbide (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) based electrode in direction normal to the basal plane (electrode surface) during alkaline cation intercalation/extraction. 2D carbides, known as MXenes, are promising new materials for supercapacitors and various kinds of batteries, and understanding the coupling between their mechanical and electrochemical properties is therefore necessary. The results show a strong correlation between the cations content and the out‐of‐plane elastic modulus. This strategy enables identifying the preferential intercalation pathways within a single particle, which is important for understanding ionic transport in these materials.
<title>Photosensitive Phenomenon in optical fibres</title> (1992)

The phenomenon of photosensitivIty in optical fibres covering both Bragg- grating formation and second-harmonic generation is reviewed with emphasis on recent work. Although much is understood more research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms and unfold the microscopic effects responsible for both observations. This exciting field has grown substantially in past years from fundamental investigations into this curious phenomenon to the applications arena impacting on fibre and semiconductor lasers sensors memory and supervisory application in telecommunications fibre taps and in novel filter applications. Cheap optical fibre frequency converters are a possibility in the future. 1
Laparoscopic treatment of tubal pregnancy (1987)

Seventeen tubal pregnancies were treated successfully with a laparoscopic procedure over the past four years. Four different laparoscopic techniques were used: salpingectomy, partial salpingectomy (midtube resection), fimbrial expression, and salpingotomy. "Preventive hemostasis" using vasopressin has made salpingotomy our treatment method of choice. Ruptured tubal pregnancy was not considered a contraindication to laparoscopic treatment. Four of the six women who were trying to conceive and were followed for longer than six months have had documented intrauterine pregnancies; one woman subsequently developed a contralateral tubal pregnancy which was treated by laparoscopic salpingotomy. Tubal ectopic pregnancy, even in the presence of rupture, can be managed effectively by a variety of laparoscopic techniques with benefits including minimal incision, short hospitalization, early return to full activity, and in many cases, a patent tube.
Management of monocular polyopia using an artificial iris contact lens. (1988)

Monocular polyopia is a relatively uncommon symptom reported to the ophthalmic practitioner. The specific etiology can be difficult to ascertain and management options may be unsatisfactory to both patient and clinician. A case is presented of a low vision patient with monocular polyopia secondary to lenticular changes. The patient was successfully managed with an opaque, artificial iris soft contact lens.
β-Lactamase Characterization of Gram-Negative Pathogens Recovered from Patients Enrolled in the Phase 2 Trials for Ceftazidime-Avibactam: Clinical Efficacies Analyzed against Subsets of Molecularly Characterized Isolates (2015)

The correlation of the clinical efficacies of ceftazidime-avibactam and comparators (carbapenems) was evaluated against baseline Gram-negative isolates having characterized β-lactam resistance mechanisms from complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) and complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) phase 2 trials. Enterobacteriaceae displaying ceftriaxone and/or ceftazidime MICs of ≥ 2 μg/ml (69 isolates) and nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli (NF-GNB [three isolates]) with ceftazidime MICs of ≥ 16 μg/ml were characterized for their narrow- and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) content. Enterobacteriaceae (one isolate) and NF-GNB (three isolates) with imipenem/meropenem MICs of ≥ 2 and ≥ 16 μg/ml, respectively, were tested for carbapenemases. All cUTI E. coli had the lineage background investigated (ST131-like versus non-ST131-like). The primary efficacy endpoint was microbiological response (eradication) at test of cure (TOC) for cUTI and clinical response (inferred microbiological eradication) at TOC for cIAI. A total of 34.1% of baseline cUTI (36.4%) and cIAI (33.1%) pathogens met the MIC-based screening criteria (screen positive). All screen-positive cUTI pathogens were CTX-M-producing E. coli, except for one E. cloacae isolate with AmpC overexpression. The majority (66.7%) of screen-positive cIAI isolates produced CTX-M-type coupled with a diverse array of other β-lactamases. Similar favorable responses were observed with ceftazidime-avibactam (93.3%) and carbapenems (90.9%), when a non-ESBL Enterobacteriaceae isolate was recovered at the baseline visit. When an ESBL Enterobacteriaceae isolate was present, the favorable responses were 85.7% and 80.0% with ceftazidime-avibactam and carbapenems, respectively. Higher favorable responses were observed with ceftazidime-avibactam (75.0%) than with carbapenems (66.7%) when an ST131-like E. coli isolate was recovered at baseline, as when a non-ST131-like isolate was present (93.8% versus 86.7%, respectively). The efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam was similar to that of carbapenems for treatment of cUTI and cIAI caused by ESBL organisms.
No-carrier-added fluorine-18-labeled N-methylspiroperidol: synthesis and biodistribution in mice. (1986)

No-carrier-added fluorine-18- (18F) labeled N-methylspiroperidol (4) was synthesized from four different substrates: p-nitrobenzonitrile (1), cyclopropyl p-nitrophenyl ketone (2A), p-cyclopropanoyl-N,N,N-trimethylanilinium iodide (2B) and p-cyclopropanoyl-N,N,N-trimethylanilinium perchlorate (2C) using the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Radiochemical yield, synthesis time, experimental simplicity, and specific activity were compared. In addition, factors which influence the yield of the nucleophilic aromatic substitution were studied. Based on these studies, the synthesis of 4 from 2A maximizes product specific activity and experimental simplicity and provides 4 in 10-15% radiochemical yield [based on [18F-] with a mass of less than 2 nmol and a specific activity of greater than 10 Ci/mumol (EOB)]. The synthesis of 4 from 8-[4-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro+ ++ [4.5]decan-4-one (5) and Cs[18F] using the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction gave unacceptably low and erratic yields. The biodistribution of 4 in mice showed a maximum brain uptake of 1.1% of the administered dose at 5 min and declined to approximately 0.6% at 120 min.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the management of cancer. (1992)

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is one of the four major colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) that regulate hematopoiesis. GM-CSF can stimulate a single bone marrow stem cell to proliferate and differentiate into mature neutrophils, eosinophils, granulocytes or macrophages. The outcome of recent clinical trials indicates that GM-CSF has the prospect of being clinically effective in augmenting the recovery of hematopoiesis in recipients of autologous bone marrow transplantation, in cancer patients suffering from the hematopoietic toxicity associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Handbook of drinking water quality (1997)

Handbook of drinking water quality , Handbook of drinking water quality , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Comparative Structural Analysis of 20S Proteasome Ortholog Protein Complexes by Native Mass Spectrometry (2020)

Ortholog protein complexes are responsible for equivalent functions in different organisms. However, during evolution, each organism adapts to meet its physiological needs and the environmental challenges imposed by its niche. This selection pressure leads to structural diversity in protein complexes, which are often difficult to specify, especially in the absence of high-resolution structures. Here, we describe a multilevel experimental approach based on native mass spectrometry (MS) tools for elucidating the structural preservation and variations among highly related protein complexes. The 20S proteasome, an essential protein degradation machinery, served as our model system, wherein we examined five complexes isolated from different organisms. We show that throughout evolution, from the <i>Thermoplasma acidophilum</i> archaeal prokaryotic complex to the eukaryotic 20S proteasomes in yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) and mammals (rat - <i>Rattus norvegicus</i>, rabbit - <i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i> and human - HEK293 cells), the proteasome increased both in size and stability. Native MS structural signatures of the rat and rabbit 20S proteasomes, which heretofore lacked high-resolution, three-dimensional structures, highly resembled that of the human complex. Using cryoelectron microscopy single-particle analysis, we were able to obtain a high-resolution structure of the rat 20S proteasome, allowing us to validate the MS-based results. Our study also revealed that the yeast complex, and not those in mammals, was the largest in size and displayed the greatest degree of kinetic stability. Moreover, we also identified a new proteoform of the PSMA7 subunit that resides within the rat and rabbit complexes, which to our knowledge have not been previously described. Altogether, our strategy enables elucidation of the unique structural properties of protein complexes that are highly similar to one another, a framework that is valid not only to ortholog protein complexes, but also for other highly related protein assemblies.
Intraprocedural static slicing of binary executables (1997)

Program slicing is a technique for determining the set of statements of a program that potentially affect the value of a variable at some point in the program. Intra and interprocedural slicing of high level languages has greatly been studied in the literature; both static and dynamic techniques have been used to aid in the debugging, maintenance, parallelization, program integration, and dataflow testing of programs. We explain how to apply conventional intraprocedural static analysis to binary executables for the purposes of static analysis of machine code and assembly code, such as debugging code and determining the instructions that affect an indexed jump or an indirect call on a register. This analysis is useful in the decoding of machine instructions phase of reverse engineering tools of binary executables, such as binary translators, disassemblers, binary profilers and binary debuggers
A new highly sensitive chemiluminescent assay of alkaline phosphatase using lucigenin and its application to enzyme immunoassay (1995)

The chemiluminescent reaction of lucigenin with various reducing sugars and reducing compounds has been studied. It was found that dihydroxyacetone gave the most intense chemiluminescence (CL). We have developed highly sensitive chemiluminescent methods for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) based on the production of dihydroxyacetone using NADP+ or glycerol-3-phosphate as substrate. The detection limits for ALP using each substrate were 1.25 x 10(-19) mol/assay and 2.5 x 10(-19) mol/assay, and the coefficient of variation (n = 7) was 2.8% and 3.7%, respectively. We have also applied the method using NADP+ as substrate in enzyme immunoassays (EIA) for cholecystokinin (CCK) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). CCK-8 (octapeptide sulphated form of a carboxy terminal fragment of CCK) concentrations released from alimentary canal of rat were assayed using the chemiluminescent EIA (CLEIA) and a fluorimetric EIA (ALP label). The correlation between CCK-8 values obtained by these methods was y = 1.04x + 18.21, r = 0.946, n = 28. hCG values in serum and in urine were measured. The correlation between hCG values in serum samples obtained using the CLEIA and a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA), and in urine samples obtained using the CLEIA and the fluorimetric EIA using ALP were satisfactory. The correlations were y = 1.00x - 0.04, r = 0.997 (n = 51) and y = 1.00x - 0.03, r = 0.999 (n = 10), respectively.
Histologic patterns and molecular characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma associated with clinical outcome (2011)

The presence of a solid histologic pattern was identified as a marker of unfavorable prognosis in patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma. High TTF-1 expression and low FILM signature index scores were associated with a better prognosis for patients who had tumors with a nonsolid pattern.
Biophysical and Microscopic Analysis of Homologous Dermal and Fascial Materials for Facial Aesthetic and Reconstructive Uses (2002)

AlloDerm and Tutoplast fascia lata retain more natural architecture and physical properties than do DuraDerm and cadaveric fascia lata, respectively. These differences clearly show the effect of the specific processing of these materials. The alteration in architecture and the degradation of the physical properties of DuraDerm and cadaveric fascia lata may hinder the performance of these grafts in vivo. Further studies on these materials in humans are currently under way.
A memristor-based TCAM (ternary content addressable memory) cell (2014)

This paper presents a Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) cell that employs memristors as storage element. The TCAM cell requires two memristors in series to perform the traditional memory operations (read and write) as well as the search and matching operations for TCAM; this memory cell is analyzed with respect to different features (such as memristance range and voltage threshold) of the memristors to process fast and efficiently the ternary data. A comprehensive simulation based assessment of this cell is pursued by HSPICE. Comparison with other memristor-based CAMs as well as CMOS-based TCAMs shows that the proposed cell offers significant advantages in terms of power dissipation, reduced transistor count and search/match operation performance.
Earlier Treatment Yields Superior Outcomes in Competitive Athletes Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy (2021)

Level III, retrospective comparative study.