gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Forecasting Incoming Calls to Telemarketing Centers (1993)

Many studies in the past have demonstrated the usefulness of Holt-Winters' multiplicative forecasting model to be the best for forecasting items such as revenues, demand, earnings per share and inventory and stock levels whenever the time series data contained elements of seasonality. Holt-Winters' model is an extrapolative technique which isolates the level, trend, and seasonal components before generating forecasts regardless of the nature of the time series. It provides a cost effective alternative to more sophisticated methods such as ARIMA modeling of the Box-Jenkins variety. Furthermore, it is more effective and cost efficient than using so-called expert opinion in most cases. Telemarketing centers are responsible for answering incoming requests from customers who desire immediate attention. Customers who are placed on hold are least satisfied. The economic losses to firms, whose telemarketing systems place large numbers of incoming calls on hold, can be great in terms of the loss of incoming revenue and future economic opportunities. Employees of the center feel most satisfied when the number of calls on hold are reduced to a bare minimum. Less customers on hold means fewer unpleasant customers. Managements satisfaction is also the greatest when revenues are maximized and costs are minimized for servicing the incoming calls. Through forecasting and planning, management can reduce the number of customers on hold. Currently, ATT 314 (Missouri) and 504 (Louisiana) from the Central Time Zone; 303 (Colorado) from the Mountain Time Zone; and 808 (Hawaii) from the Pacific Time Zone. The data used were of actual daily call volumes from March 1, 1991 to June 26, 1991. Initial plots of the data revealed weekly seasonality, the presence of outliers, and no apparent trend over time. As an example, the day to day behavior of call volumes within area code 201 (Figure 1)reveals two outliers; one on March 14, 1991 and the other on May 6, 1991. (Figure 1 omitted) Also, there is a pattern during the week, with Monday having the largest number of calls and Sundays the least number of calls. (See Figures 2 and 8) Close inspection of the data reveals other days which may be considered outliers as well. ( Figures 2 and 8 omitted) In the same figure additional outliers can be found during May, 1991. Figure 3, a similar time plot for Tuesday calls does not contain any outliers nor does Figure 4 (of Wednesday), Figure 7 (of Saturday) and Figure 8 (of Sunday). (Figures 3, 4 and 7 omitted) There is one outlier in Figure 5 (of Thursday) and possibly two (or none) in Figure 6 (of Friday). (Figures 5 and 6 omitted) Thus, the total number of possible outliers during the period studied is five and could be reduced easily to three since two of the outliers are not very different from the patterns observed in the time series of daily incoming calls of the area code studied. In examining the time plots, we find that the majority of the outliers appear close to holidays; for example, the outlier of March 14, 1991 is close to St. …
Ultrasound B-mode imaging in observational studies of atherosclerotic progression. (1993)

On the basis of our experience and findings, the ultrasonographic assessment of common carotid atherosclerosis appears to be a feasible, reliable, valid, and cost-effective method for both population studies and clinical trials of atherosclerosis progression and regression.
Polymerization and oxidation of pyrrole by organic electron acceptors (1987)

Abstract Simultaneous chemical polymerization and oxidation of pyrrole have been initiated by organic electron acceptors, 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐ p ‐benzoquinone (DDQ) and tetrachloro‐ o ‐benzoquinone(chloranil). The polypyrrole (PPY) complexes so produced are semiconductive and granular in nature. For the PPY–DDQ and PPY–chloranil complexes obtained from bulk polymerization, the respective electrical conductivities (σ) are of the order of 10 −1 and 10 −3 ohm −1 cm −1 . However, σ is substantially lower for the complexes prepared in solvent media. Both complexes are relatively stable in the atmosphere. Thin uniform films of the PPY–organic acceptor complexes have also been synthesized on SnO 2 electrode by electrochemical polymerization in acetonitrile. The physicochemical properties of the PPY–organic acceptor complexes prepared chemically under the various experimental conditions are examined in detail.
Non‐CpG island promoter hypomethylation and miR‐149 regulate the expression of <i>SRPX2</i> in colorectal cancer (2012)

Gene silencing by DNA hypermethylation of CpG islands is a well-characterized phenomenon in cancer. The effect of hypomethylation in particular of non-CpG island genes is much less well described. By genome-wide screening, we identified 105 genes in microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal adenocarcinomas with an inverse correlation (Spearman's ρ ≤ -0.40) between methylation and expression. Of these, 35 (33%) were hypomethylated non-CpG island genes and two of them, APOLD1 (Spearman's ρ = -0.82) and SRPX2 (Spearman's ρ = -0.80) were selected for further analyses. Hypomethylation of both genes were localized events not shared by adjacent genes. A set of 662 FFPE DNA samples not only confirmed that APOLD1 and SRPX2 are hypomethylated in CRC but also revealed hypomethylation to be significantly (p < 0.01) associated with tumors being localized in the left side, CpG island methylator phenotype negative, MSS, BRAF wt, undifferentiated and of adenocarcinoma histosubtype. Demethylation experiments supported SRPX2 being epigenetically regulated via DNA methylation, whereas other mechanisms in addition to DNA methylation seem to be involved in the regulation of APOLD1. We further identified miR-149 as a potential novel post-transcriptional regulator of SRPX2. In carcinoma tissue, miR-149 was downregulated and inversely correlated to SRPX2 (ρ = -0.77). Furthermore, ectopic expression of miR-149 significantly reduced SRPX2 transcript levels. Our study highlights that in colorectal tumors, hypomethylation of non-CpG island-associated promoters deregulate gene expression nearly as frequent as do CpG-island hypermethylation. The hypomethylation of SRPX2 is focal and not part of a large block. Furthermore, it often translates to an increased expression level, which may be modulated by miR-149.
Confined electron-confined phonon scattering rates in wurtzite AlN/GaN/AlN heterostructures (2004)

We investigate theoretically confined electron-confined phonon scattering rates in three-layered planar wurtzite AlN/GaN/AlN heterostructures with free-surface boundary conditions. The thicknesses of the core and cladding layers are chosen to be a few nanometers to ensure phonon and electron spectrum modification due to spatial confinement. We have considered electron-phonon interactions via deformation and piezoelectric potentials. The scattering rates are calculated for both intra- and intersubband transitions of confined electrons. The influence of the built-in electric field, characteristic for GaN/AlN interfaces, on polarization and intensity of the electron-acoustic phonon interaction in heterostructures is discussed. Specific features of the deformation and piezoelectric scattering of electrons in wurtzite three-layered heterostructures and their differences from the scattering in homogenous slabs have been established. It has been shown that it is possible to tune the strength of the electron-phonon interaction in a desired way by varying the core and cladding layers thicknesses. The obtained results can be used for optimization of GaN-based heterostructures for electronic and spintronic applications.
Detecting Technology of Network Storage Covert Channel Based on OPTICS Algorithm (2018)

Nowadays, with our enhanced technology, network security has gradually been valued by more and more people. Network covert channel, as an important area of network security, was put forward these years. On the one hand, covert channels provide new and safe communication environment for network communication. However, on the other hand, some illegal persons are exploited to spread viruses, trojans, and so on. Therefore, the research on covert channels is particularly important. According to the resource attributes, network covert channels can be divided into two parts, storage-based channels and timestamps-based channels. The paper will base on the storage-based covert channels, and a new detection method based on clustering algorithm will be proposed. According to the clustering analysis of the values of various parts of the data flow packet, the clustering results are graphically displayed. Determine whether there is a covert channel in the packet. The experimental results show that the detection technology has the advantages of high accuracy, simple algorithm, and intuitive result images, and achieves the desired ideal results.
Up-regulation of p21WAF1/CIP1 by small activating RNA inhibits the in vitro and in vivo growth of pancreatic cancer cells. (2012)

dsP21 targeting the p21WAF1/CIP1 gene promoter can specifically up-regulate expression of the p21WAF1/CIP1 gene in PANC-1 cells. It therefore has a substantially inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and can be used as a new method and material for the gene therapy of pancreatic cancer.
Templated Grain Growth of 〈001〉‐Textured 0.675Pb(Mg <sub>1/3</sub> Nb <sub>2/3</sub> )O <sub>3</sub> –0.325PbTiO <sub>3</sub> Piezoelectric Ceramics for Magnetic Field Sensors (2011)

〈001〉‐textured 0.675Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –0.325PbTiO 3 (PMN–32.5PT) ceramics were synthesized through templated grain growth method using BaTiO 3 (BT) platelets as templates. A systematic investigation was conducted on delineating the texture development and microstructure evolution as a function of heat‐treatment conditions. It was found that BT has very good stability in PbO‐rich PMN–PT environment. A high texture degree of 90% was achieved using 5 vol% BT. Dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties were measured to understand the influence of sintering time, texture degree, and BT heterogeneity on the electrical characteristics. It was found that with increasing sintering time and texture degree, the piezoelectric constant d 33 increases while the dielectric constant decreases, resulting in about 50% improvement of g 33 as compared with random ceramics. Unipolar strain‐field measurements of textured ceramics exhibited 0.27% strain at 30 kV/cm. The changes in large‐signal response of textured ceramics were more obvious than small‐signal measurement, indicating that 〈001〉 crystallographic texture enhances the piezoelectric response due to favorable domain configuration. Using the textured sample, a magnetoelectric laminate was fabricated and characterized for low magnetic‐field sensitivity.
Elektro‐enzymatische und elektro‐mikrobielle stereospezifische Reduktionen (1981)

Die Hydrierung prochiraler α,β‐ungesättigter Carboxylate und Aldehyde zu chiralen Verbindungen gelingt elektrochemisch sowohl mit isolierter Enoat‐Reduktase als auch mit ganzen Bakterienzellen, die dieses Enzym enthalten; als Elektronenüberträger fungiert Methylviologen. Da sich auch NAD + zu NADH reduzieren läßt, können mit dieser Methode prinzipiell alle Substrate NAD‐abhängiger Enzyme stereospezifisch hydriert werden.
Kinetic neutron diffraction and SANS studies of phase formation in bioactive machinable glass ceramics (2007)

Bioactive fluormica-fluorapatite glass-ceramic materials offer a very encouraging solution to the problem of efficient restoration and reconstruction of hard tissues. To produce material with the desired crystalline phases, a five-stage heat treatment must be performed. This thermal processing has a large impact on the microstructure and ultimately the final mechanical properties of the materials. We have examined the thermal processing of one of our most promising machinable biomaterials, using time-resolved small angle neutron scattering and neutron diffraction to study the nucleation and growth of crystallites. The processing route had already been optimized by studying the properties of quenched samples using x-ray diffraction, mechanical measurements and differential thermal analysis. However these results show that the heat treatment can be further optimized in terms of crystal nucleation, and we show that these techniques are the only methods by which a truly optimized thermal processing route may be obtained.
Analysis of color transitions and changes on Langmuir-Blodgett films of a polydiacetylene derivative (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of color transitions and changes on Langmuir-Blodgett films of a polydiacetylene derivativeNorihisa Mino, Hideharu Tamura, and Kazufumi OgawaCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 10, 2336–2341Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00058a060https://doi.org/10.1021/la00058a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views627Altmetric-Citations108LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of cell number on the characteristics and synchrony of Ca<sup>2+</sup> oscillations in clusters of mouse pancreatic islet cells (1999)

1. The cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured in single cells and cell clusters of different sizes prepared from mouse pancreatic islets. 2. During stimulation with 15 mM glucose, 20 % of isolated cells were inert, whereas 80 % showed [Ca2+]i oscillations of variable amplitude, duration and frequency. Spectral analysis identified a major frequency of 0.14 min-1 and a less prominent one of 0.27 min-1. 3. In contrast, practically all clusters (2-50 cells) responded to glucose, and no inert cells were identified within the clusters. As compared to single cells, mean [Ca2+]i was more elevated, [Ca2+]i oscillations were more regular and their major frequency was slightly higher (but reached a plateau at approximately 0.25 min-1). In some cells and clusters, faster oscillations occurred on top of the slow ones, between them or randomly. 4. Image analysis revealed that the regular [Ca2+]i oscillations were well synchronized between all cells of the clusters. Even when the Ca2+ response was irregular, slow and fast [Ca2+]i oscillations induced by glucose were also synchronous in all cells. 5. In contrast, [Ca2+]i oscillations resulting from mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ by acetylcholine were restricted to certain cells only and were not synchronized. 6. Heptanol and 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid, two agents widely used to block gap junctions, altered glucose-induced Ca2+ oscillations, but control experiments showed that they also exerted effects other than a selective uncoupling of the cells. 7. The results support theoretical models predicting an increased regularity of glucose-dependent oscillatory events in clusters as compared to isolated islet cells, but contradict the proposal that the frequency of the oscillations increases with the number of coupled cells. Islet cell clusters function better as electrical than biochemical syncytia. This may explain the co-ordination of [Ca2+]i oscillations driven by depolarization-dependent Ca2+ influx during glucose stimulation.
Entropy rate constancy in text (2001)

We present a constancy rate principle governing language generation. We show that this principle implies that local measures of entropy (ignoring context) should increase with the sentence number. We demonstrate that this is indeed the case by measuring entropy in three different ways. We also show that this effect has both lexical (which words are used) and non-lexical (how the words are used) causes.
Finite time exergoeconomic performance of an irreversible intercooled regenerative Brayton cogeneration plant (2011)

A thermodynamic model of an irreversible intercooled regenerative Brayton heat and power cogeneration plant coupled to constant temperature heat reservoirs is established in this paper using finite time thermodynamics. The intercooler and the irreversible compression and expansion losses in the low and high pressure compressors and the turbine are taken into account. The finite time exergoeconomic performance of the cogeneration plant is investigated. The analytical formulae about dimensionless profit rate and exergetic efficiency are derived. The numerical examples show that there exist two different optimal values of intercooling pressure ratio, which correspond to an optimal value of dimensionless profit rate and an optimal value of exergetic efficiency respectively for the fixed total pressure ratio. There also exist optimal total pressure ratios corresponding to maximum profit rate and maximum exergetic efficiency respectively for the variable total pressure ratio. It is also found that there exist optimal consumer side temperatures, which lead to a double maximum profit rate and a double maximum exergetic efficiency respectively.
Getting your money's worth from filtration (1982)

In the 1980s water filtration plant operators may need to remove particulate contaminants, such as asbestos or Giardia cysts, in addition to algae, bacteria, soil particles, viruses, and other particles that filters previously were intended to remove. Even though the contaminants of concern may change, the fundamentals for effective filtration that were stated in earlier years still are valid. Moreover, recently acquired data substantiate recommendations made in the 1960s for granular‐media filtration. In this paper techniques for effective operation of diatomaceous earth, rapid granular‐media, and slow sand filters are discussed. If filters are operated in a way that results in effective particle removal, the capital investment made to build the filters is returned in the form of high‐quality drinking water.
Nitrosaminopurines and nucleosides, synthesis and biological activity (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitrosaminopurines and nucleosides, synthesis and biological activityA. Giner-Sorolla, J. Longley-Cook, M. McCravey, George Bosworth Brown, and J. H. BurchenalCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 4, 365–369Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00262a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00262a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views140Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prevention of Alzheimer's disease (2007)

The already considerable public health burden of Alzheimer's disease will likely worsen as populations around the world age. As a result, there is considerable motivation to develop effective strategies for preventing the disease. A wide variety of such strategies are under investigation and include pharmaceuticals, nutriceuticals, diet, physical activity and cognitive activity. We review here the most promising candidates and the epidemiologic evidence for their efficacy. Although none of these have yet to be definitively shown to prevent Alzheimer's disease, further research should help to clarify what role they may play in reducing the burden of this disease.
Rheological properties of high concentrations of carboxymethyl cellulose solutions (2001)

The study was concerned with measurements of steady-state parameters, the transient shear stress response, and the yield stress of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solutions at high concentrations. Tests also included thixotropic and viscoelastic behavior and dynamic responses. The concentrations ranged by weight from 5 to 8% of CMC. The steady-state shear flow showed that at higher shear rates the viscosities of CMC solutions tend to be less dependent on the concentration. The solutions showed rheopectic behavior for very small shear rates. No yield stress was detected. Measurements recorded the thixotropic behavior. At higher stress values, nonlinear viscoelastic effects were detected. Dynamic viscosities measured in a dynamic test were higher than were the shear viscosities at the same concentrations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 1787–1801, 2001
Studies on the mucilages extracted from okra fruits (<i>Hibiscus esculentus</i> L.) and baobab leaves (<i>Adansonia digitata</i> L.) (1977)

Abstract Okra fruits and baobab leaves are just two examples of foods used to give a mucilaginous quality to West African food dishes. The mucilages were extracted from both foods and purified. Preliminary studies have been conducted to characterise the mucilages chemically, as well as study their viscous behaviour in relation to their use in West African dishes. Both mucilages are acidic polysaccharides with associated protein and minerals. Neither the quantity of protein nor minerals were significantly reduced during purification. The protein was not separated from the polysaccharide by either gel chromatography or disc electrophoresis. Hydrolysis of okra mucilage revealed that the polysaccharide was composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, rhamnose and glucose (1.3:1.0:0.1:0.1). Baobab mucilage on hydrolysis was found to contain mainly galacturonic and glucuronic acids with minor quantities of galactose, rhamnose, glucose and arabinose (11.7:11.3:1.0:0.6:0.4:0.1). The mucilages form viscous solutions at low concentrations (5–10 g/litre). They attain maximum viscosity in the neutral pH range. However, the mucilage solutions are not stable to heat and lose much of their viscosity when heated.