gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Giant Thermal Rectification from Polyethylene Nanofiber Thermal Diodes (2015)

The realization of phononic computing is held hostage by the lack of high-performance thermal devices. Here, it is shown through theoretical analysis and molecular dynamics simulations that unprecedented thermal rectification factors (as large as 1.20) can be achieved utilizing the phase-dependent thermal conductivity of polyethylene nanofibers. More importantly, such high thermal rectifications only need very small temperature differences (<20 °C) across the device, which is a significant advantage over other thermal diodes which need temperature biases on the order of the operating temperature. Taking this into consideration, it is shown that the dimensionless temperature-scaled rectification factors of the polymer nanofiber diodes range from 12 to 25-much larger than those of other thermal diodes (<8). The polymer nanofiber thermal diode consists of a crystalline portion whose thermal conductivity is highly phase-sensitive and a cross-linked portion which has a stable phase. Nanoscale size effect can be utilized to tune the phase transition temperature of the crystalline portion, enabling thermal diodes capable of operating at different temperatures. This work will be instrumental to the design of high performance, inexpensive, and easily processible thermal devices, based on which thermal circuits can be built to ultimately enable phononic computing.
Surgical treatment of CHILD nevus. (2000)

We report a young girl with an unusual manifestation of CHILD syndrome in whom skin lesions showed involvement of the right side of her neck as well as symmetrically distributed ptychotropic involvement of the large body folds. Excision resulted in improvement and finally healing of skin lesions within the submammary folds, where breast reduction was also performed, whereas excision of axillary lesions and subsequent grafting with split skin turned out to be unsuccessful.
Invasive thymoma with chief complaints of a hemoptysis. (1991)

血痰を主訴とし, 腫瘍による二次性変化としての肺炎様陰影が短期間に縮小したため原発性肺癌の縦隔浸潤との鑑別が困難であった胸腺腫の1例を経験した.症例は53歳, 男性.胸痛, 血痰を主訴とし, 胸部X線像上, 左肺上葉に肺炎様陰影を認め, 約2週間後肺炎様陰影は縮小, 前縦隔腫瘤影が明らかとなった.前縦隔腫瘍の肺浸潤を疑ったが, 主訴および画像診断上は原発性肺癌も否定できなかった.手術所見では, 腫瘍は胸腺左葉原発と考えられ, 心膜, 左横隔神経, 左肺へ浸潤していた.浸潤臓器を含め maximal thymectomy を施行, 組織学的には上皮細胞型胸腺腫と診断された.
The Role of Iron and Chelators on Infections in Iron Overload and Non Iron Loaded Conditions: Prospects for the Design of New Antimicrobial Therapies (2010)

Iron overload is known to exacerbate many infectious diseases. Infectious complications are considered to be the second main cause of morbidity and mortality in iron loaded thalassemia patients. Effective chelation therapy leading to the normalization of the iron stores could reduce the incidence of related infections. Microbial pathogens could obtain growth-essential iron from healthy hosts. Conversely, iron withholding and/or removal is an important defense strategy for mammalian hosts, which is primarily accomplished by the iron chelating proteins transferrin and lactoferrin. Chelating drugs could prevent microbial growth and play an essential role in antimicrobial therapeutic strategies. Specific mechanisms and interactions apply in the transfer or withholding of iron between the chelating drugs deferoxamine (DFO), deferiprone (L1) and deferasirox (DFRA) with microbial pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa. In some cases, chelators and in particular DFO, could act as a siderophore for the microbe and exacerbate infections such as yersiniasis and mucormycosis. Deferiprone appears to have the highest therapeutic index for long-term antimicrobial activity and the highest tissue penetration, including access to the brain. Selection of specific chelation therapy protocols could be considered in conditions where other antimicrobial therapies have failed or where resistance has developed to existing therapies.
Use of Signature Analysis to Discriminate Digital Printing Technologies (2002)

We describe the application of a machine-vision based (ImageXpert) print quality analyzer to derive and identify unique print quality “signatures”. Test patterns generated by seven different state-of-the-art digital (ink jet and dry/liquid xerography) and impact (computer-to-plate offset lithography) printing technologies were quantitatively analyzed in terms of a statistically meaningful number of lines, half-tone dots and text features. In every case examined it is possible to resolve a unique print quality signature which enables differentiation of one printer technology/supplier from another. By this means we demonstrate the potential for definitive print analysis in the context of digital printing forensic document examination
A 2-D acoustic array for diagnostic imaging (2002)

The fabrication of an acoustic 2-D phased array was investigated. For 3-D imaging at 3.5 MHz an array with 64*64 elements, sizes each 0.22*0.22 mm/sup 2/ covering a footprint of 2*2 cm/sup 2/ was projected. In the authors' modular construction concept the array will be composed of 32 prefabricated and pretested double line modules with 2*64 elements, including ASIC electronics located in the rear of the modules. An array of 8*64=512 elements was made up of 4 modules. A 64 channel Tx/Rx electronics in SMT was developed and measured together with the modules. Single element two way insertion loss of 42 dB and the broad bandwidth of the acoustic pulse gave proof of the high quality of the authors' design and fabrication processes, even for elements as tiny as a grain of salt.
Hemorrhagic Shock Induces Bacterial Translocation from the Gut (1988)

Sepsis and multiple organ failure are common after hemorrhagic shock. The goal of the current experiments was to determine whether hemorrhagic shock would promote the translocation of bacteria from the gut to visceral organs. Twenty-four hours after being subjected to sham shock, or 30, 60, or 90 minutes of shock (30 mm Hg), rats were sacrificed and their organs quantitatively cultured for translocating bacteria. There was a direct relationship between the duration of hemorrhagic shock and the 24-hour mortality rate (p = 0.02). Bacteria did not translocate from the gut in the sham-shock rats, but did translocate to the mesenteric lymph nodes, livers, and spleens of the rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock (p less than 0.01). Rats subjected to 90 minutes of shock shock exhibited a greater degree of bacterial translocation than rats receiving 30 or 60 minutes of shock (p less than 0.05). The most common translocating bacteria were Escherichia coli and Enterococcus. Hemorrhagic shock injured the gut mucosa and caused subepithelial edema and focal areas of necrosis. Thus hemorrhagic shock followed by reinfusion of shed blood disrupts the gut barrier and allows indigenous bacteria normally contained within the gut to cause systemic infections.
A Novel Polyacetylene Significantly Inhibits Angiogenesis and Promotes Apoptosis in Human Endothelial Cells through Activation of the CDK Inhibitors and Caspase-7 (2007)

A novel bioactive polyacetylene compound, 1,2-dihydroxy-5(E)-tridecene-7,9,11-triyne (compound 1), was identified from the Bidens pilosa extract using an ex vivo primary human umbilical vein endothelium cell (HUVEC) bioassay-guided fractionation protocol. Our results demonstrate that compound 1 (at 2.5 μg/mL) possessed significant anti-angiogenic effects, as manifested by an inhibition of HUVEC proliferation, migration, and the formation of tube-like structures in collagen gel. Moreover, compound 1 induced HUVECs to undergo cell death in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The mechanisms underlying these pharmacological effects include reduced expression of cell cycle mediators such as CDK4, cyclins D1 and A, retinoblastoma (Rb) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1), and promotion of caspase-mediated activation of CDK inhibitors p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip). Moreover, apoptotic induction in HUVECs mediated by compound 1 was found to be in part through overexpression of FasL protein, down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, and activation of caspase-7 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. This study demonstrates the potent anti-angiogenic and apoptotic activities of compound 1, suggesting that phytocompounds such as polyacetylenes deserve more attention regarding their potential as candidates for anti-angiogenic therapeutics.
Silica gel assisted reductive cyclization of alkoxy-2, .beta.-dinitrostyrenes to alkoxyindoles (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilica gel assisted reductive cyclization of alkoxy-2, .beta.-dinitrostyrenes to alkoxyindolesAchintya K. Sinhababu and Ronald T. BorchardtCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 19, 3347–3349Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00167a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00167a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1234Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Reflections on Polymers (1999)

Polymer materials show great potential for easily fabricated display devices, Development of these materials requires control of both electronic and optical properties. Barnes and Samuel (page [211][1]) discuss a paper by Ho et al . (page [233][2]) in which semiconducting polymer mirrors that also trnasport charge are used to control the optical emission from light emitting diodes. This work opens the way for new polymer optoelectronic devices.

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/285/5425/211
 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/285/5425/233
Structure-Activity Studies of Antitumor Taxanes: Synthesis of Novel C-13 Side Chain Homologated Taxol and Taxotere Analogs (1994)

Taxol and taxotere analogs with one carbon homologated side chains were synthesized from 10-deacetylbaccatin III and a key oxazolidineacetic acid intermediate, which was synthesized in four steps from (S)-(+)-2-phenylglycine. 10-Deacetyl-1a'-homotaxol and 1a'-homotaxotere were at least 27 times less active than taxol in the microtubule assembly assay. The inability of these homologs to induce microtubule formation may be due to unfavorable solution conformations, preventing productive interactions with the taxol binding site on microtubules.
High detectivity squaraine-based near infrared photodetector with nA/cm2 dark current (2011)

We demonstrate an organic photodetector showing high detectivity (3.4×1012 Hz0.5 cm/W) at a wavelength of 700 nm, based on squaraine/phenyl-C61-butyric-acid-methyl-ester bulk-heterojunction active material. This result is achieved by suppressing the device dark currents while simultaneously preserving its external quantum efficiency, as high as 15% at 700 nm. To this aim, a thin cross-linked film based on poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene-vinylene] is exploited to suppress electron injection from the device anode into the organic blend, thus reducing the dark currents by a factor of 30, to the extremely low value of 2 nA/cm2. Also, the detector bandwidth (∼1 MHz) is unaffected by the introduction of a blocking layer.
Mitigation of Dust Impact on Solar Collectors by Water-Free Cleaning With Transparent Electrodynamic Films: Progress and Challenges (2017)

Energy-yield loss caused by soiling of photovoltaic modules and concentrated solar power (CSP) mirrors in utility-scale power plants installed in semiarid lands and deserts would result in unsustainable demands for fresh water needed for cleaning. This paper reviews the progress of the electrodynamic screen (EDS) film technology for frequent water-free cleaning with low-energy requirements. Results presented here, based on laboratory-scale EDS-film-laminated solar panel cleaning, show that the output power can be restored higher than 95% of the initial power under clean conditions. For solar mirrors, the specular reflection efficiency can be maintained over 90% ensuring high efficiency of the CSP plants. Operation of the EDS film for maintaining high optical efficiency of solar collectors requires less than 0.2 Wh/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /cleaning cycle. Principles, optical modeling, construction, lamination of the EDS films on modules and mirrors, and experimental data showing optical efficiency restoration without water consumption are presented. Current challenges in developing electrodes that would meet optical and conduction properties, low-cost production, and meeting long-term outdoor durability of the EDS films are discussed.
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of nanocrystalline Li[Ni<sub>x</sub>Li<sub>(1−2x)/3</sub>Mn<sub>(2−x)/3</sub>]O<sub>2</sub>prepared by a simple combustion method (2004)

Nanocrystalline Li[NixLi(1−2x)/3Mn(2−x)/3]O2 powders were prepared by a simple combustion method and investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analysis (PSA), and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling. According to the XRD analysis, single-phase compounds with a layered structure were obtained for powders with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25, while mixtures were obtained for powders with 0.30 ≤ x ≤ 0.50. Rietveld analysis revealed that single-phase Li[NixLi(1−2x)/3Mn(2−x)/3]O2 is basically a layered rock-salt structure in which a small amount of Ni occupies the 3a sites. The initial discharge capacity of a Li/Li[NixLi(1−2x)/3Mn(2−x)/3]O2 cell with x = 0.20 was about 288 mA h g−1, corresponding to about 91% of the theoretical value, when it was cycled in the voltage range of 4.8–2.0 V with a specific current of 20 mA g−1 at 30 °C. As far as we know, charge/discharge cycling on an Li/Li[Ni0.20Li0.20Mn0.60]O2 cell gives the highest discharge capacity of 288 mA h g−1 among the LiMO2-based (M = Co, Ni, and Mn) cathode materials. A very promising factor for high-rate capability applications was an excellent rate capability in continuous cycling at specific currents ranging from 20 mA g−1 to 900 mA g−1, due to the nanocrystalline particle size of 80–200 nm. The origin of the 4.5 V plateau was investigated by means of weight loss measurement and XAS for the charged/discharged electrodes. The weight loss measurement for the charged electrodes gave indirect evidence that the 4.5 V plateau did not originate from the ejection of oxygen. In XAS, the Mn oxidation state of 4+ did not change during the charge/discharge process, and surprisingly the Ni did not further oxidize beyond about 3+.
Volume expansion and plasma protein clearance during intravenous infusion of 5% albumin and autologous plasma (2005)

Autologous plasma may be used to replace plasma volume and plasma proteins during surgery, but its effectiveness is largely unknown. In the present study, the characteristics of predonated frozen and thawed autologous plasma were compared with those of 5% albumin in 15 male volunteers who received 10 ml/kg of body weight of these colloids as intravenous infusions over 30 min. Venous blood was sampled and urine was collected over 8 h to outline the volume expansion and blood-interstitial fluid space transport of three plasma proteins (albumin, fibrinogen and antithrombin) by means of mass balance analysis. The maximum plasma dilution of 5% albumin and autologous plasma averaged 17 and 21% respectively, and their half-lives were 2.5 and 2.9 h respectively (P<0.03). The between-subject variability in dilution was most pronounced for autologous plasma. Transport of protein from blood to the interstitial space occurred faster when the infused fluid contained the protein in question. The rate was highest at 60 min, and the process was still in progress at 8 h when approx. 60% of the infused albumin, 45% of the fibrinogen and 75% of the infused antithrombin had been translocated to the interstitial fluid space. In contrast with the proteins, excess plasma water was removed by urinary excretion. It is concluded that the volume expansion is equivalent for the two colloid fluids, although it is more predictable for 5% albumin. The transport of protein outlasted the volume expansion.
Age‐dependent cognitive decline in the APP23 model precedes amyloid deposition (2003)

Heterozygous APP23 mice, expressing human amyloid-precursor protein with the Swedish double mutation and control littermates, were subjected to behavioral and neuromotor tasks at the age of 6-8 weeks, 3 and 6 months. A hidden-platform Morris-type water maze showed an age-dependent decline of spatial memory capacities in the APP23 model. From the age of 3 months onwards, the APP23 mice displayed major learning and memory deficits as demonstrated by severely impaired learning curves during acquisition and impaired probe trial performance. In addition to the cognitive deficit, APP23 mice displayed disturbed activity patterns. Overnight cage-activity recording showed hyperactivity in the transgenics for the three age groups tested. However, a short 2-h recording during dusk phase demonstrated lower activity levels in 6-month-old APP23 mice as compared to controls. Moreover, at this age, APP23 mice differed from control littermates in exploration and activity levels in the open-field paradigm. These findings are reminiscent of disturbances in circadian rhythms and activity observed in Alzheimer patients. Determination of plaque-associated human amyloid-beta 1-42 peptides in brain revealed a fivefold increase in heterozygous APP23 mice at 6 months as compared to younger transgenics. This increase coincided with the first appearance of plaques in hippocampus and neocortex. Spatial memory deficits preceded plaque formation and increase in plaque-associated amyloid-beta 1-42 peptides, but probe trial performance did correlate negatively with soluble amyloid-beta brain concentration in 3-month-old APP23 mutants. Detectable plaque formation is not the (only) causal factor contributing to memory defects in the APP23 model.
Avaliação microbiológica de vitaminas de açaí comercializadas na região do Barreiro, Minas Gerais (2018)

O crescente consumo de vitaminas de polpa de acai nos ultimos anos por seu alto valor nutricional pode gerar riscos a saude da populacao desde que haja elevada carga microbiana decorrente de baixas condicoes higienico-sanitarias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade microbiologica de 15 amostras de vitaminas de acai comercializadas em diferentes locais na regiao do Barreiro. Apos a analise observou-se que treze amostras (86,66%) apresentaram contaminacao. Em cinco amostras (33,33%) detectou-se contaminacao por Serratia sp., quatro amostras (26,66%) apresentaram contaminacao por Proteus sp . , tres amostras (20%) apresentaram contaminacao por E. coli . A contaminacao por Salmonella sp. ocorreram em duas amostras (13,33%). Em relacao as sete amostras analisadas para deteccao de Staphylococcus sp. nao foi detectada a presenca do mesmo. Esses resultados indicam a importância de boas praticas higienico-sanitarias aliadas a acoes educativas para os manipuladores de alimentos, alem da necessidade de uma vigilância mais rigorosa em tais estabelecimentos, a fim de garantir a seguranca alimentar dos consumidores.
Performance Evaluation of the LabPET APD-Based Digital PET Scanner (2009)

The LabPETtrade is a fully digital avalanche photodiode (APD) based PET scanner designed for state-of-the-art molecular and genomic imaging of small animals. Two versions of the scanner were evaluated, having 3.75 (LabPET4) and 7.5 cm axial FOV (LabPET8). The detectors are made of 2times2times12/14 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> LYSO and LGSO crystals assembled in phoswich pairs read out by an APD. After digital crystal identification, the average energy resolution is 24plusmn6% for LYSO and 25plusmn6% for LGSO. The scanner's overall timing resolution is 6.6 ns for LYSO/LYSO and 10.7 ns for LGSO/LGSO coincidences after coarse timing alignment. The FBP reconstructed tangential/radial resolution is 1.3/1.4 mm FWHM (2.5/2.4 mm FWTM) at the FOV center and remains below 2.1 mm FWHM (3.6 mm FWTM) within the central 4-cm diameter FOV. MLEM reconstruction of a micro resolution phantom provided clear separation of the 1.0 mm spots. With an energy window of 250-650 keV, the sensitivity is 1.1% for LabPET4 and 2.1% for LabPET8. The imaging capabilities of the scanner are demonstrated with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">vivo</i> images of rats and mice.
Fluorocarbon Oil Reinforced Triple Emulsion Drops (2016)

Fluorocarbon oil reinforced triple emulsion drops are prepared to encapsulate a broad range of polar and non-polar cargoes in a single platform. In addition, it is demonstrated that the fluorocarbon oil within the emulsion drop acts as an effective diffusion barrier, as well as a non-adhesive layer, enabling highly efficient encapsulation and retention of small molecules and active biomolecules in microcapsules.
Insertion Sheaths Prevent Breakage of Flexible Ureteroscopes Due to Laser Fiber Passage: A Video-Endoluminal Study of the Working Channel (2010)

Severe damage to working channels depends on the degree of deflection and may occur after 30 insertions only. Relevant damage to the working channel may be avoided by using a laser fiber insertion sheath.
Nan Fairbrother Memorial Trust progress report ‐ June 1975 (1975)

(1975). Nan Fairbrother Memorial Trust progress report ‐ June 1975. Landscape Research: Vol. 1, No. 11, pp. 1-2.
MEDEA SELFISH GENETIC ELEMENTS AS TOOLS FOR ALTERING TRAITS OF WILD POPULATIONS: A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS (2010)

One strategy for controlling transmission of insect-borne disease involves replacing the native insect population with transgenic animals unable to transmit disease. Population replacement requires a drive mechanism to ensure the rapid spread of linked transgenes, the presence of which may result in a fitness cost to carriers. Medea selfish genetic elements have the feature that when present in a female, only offspring that inherit the element survive, a behavior that can lead to spread. Here, we derive equations that describe the conditions under which Medea elements with a fitness cost will spread, and the equilibrium allele frequencies are achieved. Of particular importance, we show that whenever Medea spreads, the non-Medea genotype is driven out of the population, and we estimate the number of generations required to achieve this goal for Medea elements with different fitness costs and male-only introduction frequencies. Finally, we characterize two contexts in which Medea elements with fitness costs drive the non-Medea allele from the population: an autosomal element in which not all Medea-bearing progeny of a Medea-bearing mother survive, and an X-linked element in species in which X/Y individuals are male. Our results suggest that Medea elements can drive population replacement under a wide range of conditions.