gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Structure of Costatolide<sup>1a,b</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Structure of Costatolide1a,bGeorge H. Stout and Kenneth L. StevensCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 12, 3604–3609Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01035a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01035a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adhesin–receptor interactions in Pasteurellaceae (1998)

The ability of bacteria to adhere to mucosal epithelium is dependent on the expression of adhesive molecules or structures, called adhesins, that allow attachment of the organisms to complementary molecules on mucosal surfaces, the receptors. Important human and animal pathogens are found among the Pasteurellaceae family which includes Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, and Pasteurella organisms. The purpose of this paper is to review the adhesin-receptor systems found in Pasteurellaceae, with an emphasis on recent developments in this specific area. Most of these organisms can employ multiple molecular mechanisms of adherence (or multiple adhesins) to initiate infection. Indeed, a wide variety of adhesins are expressed by members of the Pasteurellaceae, and different proteins (e.g. fimbriae, fibrils, outer membrane proteins) as well as polysaccharides (lipooligosaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides) were clearly shown to play an important role in adherence. In many instances, these adhesins have proved to represent good vaccine candidates. Surprisingly, the receptors on host mucosal surfaces have yet been identified in very few cases.
Facile Optical Resolution of a Dibenzopyrazinoazepine Derivative and the Nature of Molecular Recognition of Amines by Chiral 2,3-Di-<i>O</i>-(arylcarbonyl)tartaric Acids (1996)

Abstract A facile optical resolution of recemic 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine (1) was developed using 2,3-di-O-benzoyl-d-(−)-tartaric acid ((+)-DBT) as a resolving agent. The resolution efficiency depends remarkably on the (+)-DBT : 1 ratio. When (+)-DBT and recemic 1 were mixed in methanol–water (9 : 1 v/v) in a 1 : 4 stoichiometry, a crystalline salt consisting of (+)-DBT, (R)-1, methanol, and water in a 1 : 2 : 2 : 2 ratio crystallized preferentially in a fair yield. X-Ray crystallographic analysis showed its highly ordered supramolecular structure: (+)-DBT molecules self-assemble via hydrogen bonding with the aid of water and methanol to form a puckered layer, and stacking of (R)-1 molecules constructs a column which is sandwiched in between the puckered layers. The X-ray crystallographic data reported for the salts that consist of amines and DBT were reinvestigated to reveal that most of the host frameworks derived from DBT have a layer structure similar to the above puckered one.
Cadmium transport across tonoplast of vesicles from oat roots. Evidence for a Cd2+/H+ antiport activity (1993)

Cadmium accumulates in the vacuole of plant cells, but the mechanism driving its transport across the vacuole membrane is not understood. Here we present evidence for Cd2+ transport via a Cd2+/H+ antiport activity into tonoplast-enriched vesicles isolated from oat roots. Experimentally, accumulation of Cd2+ into vesicles could be driven by delta pH generated by either V-type ATPase or artificially using nigericin to exchange K+ and H+ in K(+)-loaded vesicles. When tonoplast-enriched vesicles were separated on a linear sucrose gradient, NO3(-)-sensitive ATPase, total MgATPase, and delta pH-dependent Cd2+ transport equilibrated at 1.11 g/ml, the density of tonoplast membrane. Cd2+ accumulation in vesicles was accompanied by efflux of protons in a Cd2+ concentration-dependent manner characteristic of an antiport activity. The delta pH-dependent Cd2+ accumulation process showed saturation kinetics with a Km(app) of 5.5 microM. Thus the process is a candidate for transport of Cd2+ from the cytoplasm to the vacuolar sap under conditions of low as well as high Cd2+ exposure.
Reversal of Chronic Molecular and Cellular Abnormalities Due to Heart Failure by Passive Mechanical Ventricular Containment (2003)

Passive mechanical containment of failing left ventricle (LV) with the Acorn Cardiac Support Device (CSD) was shown to prevent progressive LV dilation in dogs with heart failure (HF) and increase ejection fraction. To examine possible mechanisms for improved LV function with the CSD, we examined the effect of CSD therapy on the expression of cardiac stretch response proteins, myocyte hypertrophy, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity and uptake, and mRNA gene expression for myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms. HF was produced in 12 dogs by intracoronary microembolization. Six dogs were implanted with the CSD and 6 served as concurrent controls. LV tissue from 6 normal dogs was used for comparison. Compared with normal dogs, untreated HF dogs showed reduced cardiomyocyte contraction and relaxation, upregulation of stretch response proteins (p21ras, c-fos, and p38 alpha/beta mitogen-activated protein kinase), increased myocyte hypertrophy, reduced SERCA2a activity with unchanged affinity for calcium, reduced proportion of mRNA gene expression for alpha-MHC, and increased proportion of beta-MHC. Therapy with the CSD was associated with improved cardiomyocyte contraction and relaxation, downregulation of stretch response proteins, attenuation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, increased affinity of the pump for calcium, and restoration of alpha- and beta-MHC isoforms ratio. The results suggest that preventing LV dilation and stretch with the CSD promotes downregulation of stretch response proteins, attenuates myocyte hypertrophy and improves SR calcium cycling. These data offer possible mechanisms for improvement of LV function after CSD therapy.
Blockchain Energy Market Place Evaluation: An Agent-Based Approach (2018)

International audience
Particulate Matter Emissions Factors for Dust from Unique Military Activities (2010)

Abstract : SERDP project SI-1399 carried out an empirically-based study using in situ measurements to characterize and quantify dust emissions from unique Department of Defense sources operating during testing and training maneuvers on U.S. military installations. This project focused on developing an understanding of the dust emission process and strength of these emissions for artillery backblast on improved gun-sites (surface treated with dust palliatives), tracked and wheeled vehicles travelling on unpaved surfaces, and rotary-winged aircraft travelling close to desert surfaces. Based on the measured dust emissions from these sources the greatest amount of emissions is from tracked and wheeled vehicles due to their high emission rates and frequency of use. Dust emissions from both artillery backblast and rotary-winged aircraft are representative of only minor contributing sources in the overall attribution of airborne particulates to DoD sources. In partnership with SI-1400 a hybrid measurement system for estimating fugitive emissions of dust was also tested, which combined elements of optical remote sensing and in situ measurements. This testing showed that such a system will allow for the development and eventual deployment of other open path extinction measurements tools such as LIDAR or digital cameras, which can be used to develop fugitive PM emission factors. The dust emission relationships and defined emission factors developed as part of this project were incorporated into the DUSTRAN model that can be used to forecast and hind-cast dust emissions based on testing and training scenarios involving these source types with knowledge of the meteorology.
Differential Effects of Deuterium Oxide on the Fluorescence Lifetimes and Intensities of Dyes with Different Modes of Binding to DNA (1997)

Deuterium oxide (D2O) increases both the fluorescence lifetime and the fluorescence intensity of the intercalating dyes propidium iodide (PI) and ethidium bromide (EB) when bound to nucleic acid structures. We have used spectroscopic analysis coupled with conventional and phase-sensitive flow cytometry to compare the alterations in intensity and lifetime of various DNA-binding fluorochromes bound to DNA and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in the presence of D2O vs phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Spectroscopic and flow cytometric studies showed a differential enhancement of intensity and lifetime based on the mode of fluorochrome-DNA interaction. The fluorescence properties of intercalating probes, such as 7-aminoactinomycin D (7.AAD) and ethidium homodimer II (EthD II) were enhanced to the greatest degree, followed by the probes TOTO and YOYO, and the non-intercalating probes Hoechst 33342 (HO) and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The non-intercalating probe mithramycin (MI) gave unexpected results, showing a great enhancement of fluorescence intensity and lifetime in D2O, indicating that when staining is performed in PBS, much of the MI fluorescence is quenched by the solvent environment. Apoptotic subpopulations of HL-60 cells had a shorter lifetime compared to non-apoptotic subpopulations when stained with EthD II. These results indicate that accessibility of the dye molecules to the solvent environment once bound to DNA, leads to the differential enhancement effects of D2O on fluorescence intensity and lifetime of these probes.
Nutrients in Groundwaters of the Conterminous United States, 1992−1995 (2000)

Results of a national water quality assessment indicate that nitrate is detected in 71% of groundwater samples, more than 13 times as often as ammonia, nitrite, organic nitrogen, and orthophosphate, based on a common detection threshold of 0.2 mg/L. Shallow groundwater (typically 5 m deep or less) beneath agricultural land has the highest median nitrate concentration (3.4 mg/L), followed by shallow groundwater beneath urban land (1.6 mg/L) and deeper groundwater in major aquifers (0.48 mg/L). Nitrate exceeds the maximum contaminant level, 10 mg/L as nitrogen, in more than 15% of groundwater samples from 4 of 33 major aquifers commonly used as a source of drinking water. Nitrate concentration in groundwater is variable and depends on interactions among several factors, including nitrogen loading, soil type, aquifer permeability, recharge rate, and climate. For a given nitrogen loading, factors that generally increase nitrate concentration in groundwater include well-drained soils, fractured bedrock, and irrigation. Factors that mitigate nitrate contamination of groundwater include poorly drained soils, greater depth to groundwater, artificial drainage systems, intervening layers of unfractured bedrock, a low rate of groundwater recharge, and anaerobic conditions in aquifers.
Viral Gastroenteritis (1991)

DURING the past two decades viral causes of gastroenteritis have been uncovered for the first time, and viruses have joined bacteria and parasites as recognized pathogens involved in medically important diarrheal disease. For example, rotavirus is now known to be the most common cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children; each year it accounts for about 3.5 million cases of illness in the United States, resulting in 35 percent of the hospitalizations for gastroenteritis and 75 to 150 deaths.1 2 3 In addition, a study of diseases affecting families in Cleveland over a 10-year period indicated that infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis . . .
Calibration of stereo vision systems by neural networks (2002)

In this paper will be analysed a calibration procedure for stereo vision based on neural networks. The neural net is trained using as input pattern the position from two or more CCD cameras of the image points corresponding to the calibration points and as target pattern the actual 3D co-ordinates of the calibration points. The goal is the approximation of the non-linear map which relates the external co-ordinates in 3D space to the CCD locations.
Longitudinal cognitive and biomarker changes in dominantly inherited Alzheimer disease (2018)

These longitudinal estimates clarify the sequence and temporal dynamics of presymptomatic pathologic changes in autosomal dominant AD, information critical to a better understanding of the disease. The pattern of biomarker changes identified here also suggests that once β-amyloidosis begins, additional pathologies may begin to develop less than 10 years later, but more than 15 years before symptom onset, an important consideration for interventions meant to alter the disease course.
Sizes of large He droplets (2011)

Helium droplets spanning a wide size range, N(He) = 10(3)-10(10), were formed in a continuous-nozzle beam expansion at different nozzle temperatures and a constant stagnation pressure of 20 bars. The average sizes of the droplets have been obtained by attenuation of the droplet beam through collisions with argon and helium gases at room temperature. The results obtained are in good agreement with previous measurements in the size range N(He) = 10(5)-10(7). Moreover, the measurements give the average sizes in the previously uncharacterized range of very large droplets of 10(7)-10(10) atoms. The droplet sizes and beam flux increase rapidly at nozzle temperatures below 6 K, which is ascribed to the formation of droplets within the nozzle interior. The mass spectra of the droplet beam upon electron impact ionization have also been obtained. The spectra show a large increase in the intensity of the He(4) (+) signal upon increase of the droplet size, an effect which can be used as a secondary size standard in the droplet size range N(He) = 10(4)-10(9) atoms.
Fabrication of an Integrated Silicon-Based Lens for Low-Energy Miniaturized Electron Columns (1996)

A new process for the microfabrication of a fully integrated electrostatic lens in silicon, in particular the design of a low-energy miniaturized electron column, is described. It is suitable for batch processing and reduces considerably the difficulties associated with lens assembly. The electrode–spacer–electrode stack comprises an epitaxial p–n–p doped layer structure in silicon, which serves as electrodes and spacers, respectively. Because this technique allows the dimensions of the lens to be reduced, and owing to a new technique to align the electrode bores, the aberration of the lens is expected to be lower than that of lenses fabricated with previously reported techniques.
A Study of the Formation and Dissolution of Porous Anodic Oxide Films on Aluminum: Behavior of the Porous Layer (1969)

The formation and dissolution of porous alumina films in sulfuric acid was studied by the incorporation of the radiotracer into the film during preparation. The results have shown that (a) the formation site of the porous oxide is the barrier layer‐porous layer interface, (b) the dissolution time for porous films is independent of thickness. Comparison with former work, on "duplex" barrier films, suggests a method of identifying barrier and porous type films. By the use of "duplex" films, dissolution studies have shown that a simple pore widening mechanism of dissolution is incompatible with the results. A pore widening‐concurrent pore shortening dissolution mechanism based on a truncated pore model is proposed, and has been found to be experimentally valid.
Membrane antigen on Epstein--Barr virus-infected human B cells recognized by a monoclonal antibody. (1982)

This paper describes a monoclonal antibody (B532) that detects a membrane antigen present on greater than or equal to 95% of the B cells from lines carrying the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome. Evidence suggesting that B532 is EBV-related was originally obtained by using a cell-binding radioassay with different cell line substrates. Immunofluorescence and cell-sorter analysis confirmed that the antigen was present in high density on all EBV-infected lymphoblastoid B-cell lines, but not on EBV-negative B-, T-, myeloid, or null cell lines. Isolated normal peripheral blood B and T lymphocytes and monocytes failed to bind B532. The monoclonal antibody did not inhibit in vitro EVB infection nor did it block the killing of EBV-infected targets by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The cell surface antigen recognized by B532 was shown by immunoprecipitation to have a molecular weight of approximately 45,000.
Functional and molecular expression of volume‐regulated chloride channels in canine vascular smooth muscle cells (1998)

1. We examined the possibility of functional and molecular expression of volume-regulated Cl- channels in vascular smooth muscle using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on cells from canine pulmonary and renal arteries. 2. Decreasing external osmolarity induced cell swelling, which was accompanied by activation of Cl--dependent outward-rectifying membrane currents with an anion permeability sequence of SCN- > I- > Br- > Cl- > aspartate-. These currents were sensitive to block by DIDS, extracellular ATP and the antioestrogen compound tamoxifen. 3. Experiments were performed to determine whether the molecular form of the volume-regulated chloride channel (ClC-3) is expressed in pulmonary and renal arteries. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed expression of ClC-3 in both types of smooth muscle. ClC-3 expression was 76.4 % of beta-actin in renal artery and 48.0 % of beta-actin in pulmonary artery. 4. We conclude that volume-regulated Cl- channels are expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells and exhibit functional properties similar to those found in other types of cells, presumably contributing to the regulation of cell volume, electrical activity and, possibly, myogenic tone.
RRAM-based synapse for neuromorphic system with pattern recognition function (2012)

Feasibility of a high speed pattern recognition system using 1k-bit cross-point synaptic RRAM array and CMOS-based neuron chip has been experimentally demonstrated. Learning capability of a neuromorphic system comprising RRAM synapses and CMOS neurons has been confirmed experimentally, for the first time.
Unfolded Proteins Are Ire1-Activating Ligands That Directly Induce the Unfolded Protein Response (2011)

The unfolded protein response (UPR) detects the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and adjusts the protein-folding capacity to the needs of the cell. Under conditions of ER stress, the transmembrane protein Ire1 oligomerizes to activate its cytoplasmic kinase and ribonuclease domains. It is unclear what feature of ER stress Ire1 detects. We found that the core ER-lumenal domain (cLD) of yeast Ire1 binds to unfolded proteins in yeast cells and to peptides primarily composed of basic and hydrophobic residues in vitro. Mutation of amino acid side chains exposed in a putative peptide-binding groove of Ire1 cLD impaired peptide binding. Peptide binding caused Ire1 cLD oligomerization in vitro, suggesting that direct binding to unfolded proteins activates the UPR.
Mobile-free driving with Android phones: System design and performance evaluation (2012)

Texting while driving is becoming a major problem in many countries worldwide, which if not handled properly can cause serious accidents. In this paper, we present our proposed system for a voiced based text messaging system utilizing Android phones empowered by Google voice recognition engine. We also present some of the software engineering challenges encountered during implementation. Utilizing our software, the user can issue voice commands to his mobile phone which in turn will send the text message on his behalf. Furthermore, we tested the performance of our system with different people that have different English accents, and under different background noise. Our performance analysis showed that there is a need to develop and enhance the current Google API voice recognition engine to better support people with different English accents. Moreover, the current APIs should allow the developer to add some signal processing functionalities to eliminate the effect of the background noise that the user may encounter while driving.
Gene Disruption in Coccidioides Using Hygromycin or Phleomycin Resistance Markers (2012)

The following transformation protocol is based on homologous recombination that occurs between a gene disruption or gene replacement construct and a target gene of Coccidioides. The DNA constructs employed contain either the gene that encodes for hygromycin B or phleomycin resistance, which are present in the pAN7.1 or pAN8.1 plasmid vectors, respectively. Hygromycin B or phleomycin are used to select for transformants at concentrations that inhibit growth of the parental strain. Coccidioides protoplasts generated from germinated arthroconidia are used for the transformation experiments. The plasmid DNA constructs are taken up by the protoplasts in the presence of calcium and polyethylene glycol. Twenty to 100 transformants/μg DNA can be obtained in each transformation experiment. Approximately 5-10% of the transformation events are homologous recombinations. Coccidioides cells in all developmental stages, including arthroconidia, are multinucleate. Since all Coccidioides nuclei are haploid, only one run of transformation is sufficient to create a mutant strain. However, the transformed protoplasts develop into heterokaryotic cells that typically contain both the parental and mutated nuclei. To isolate a homokaryotic strain, we perform multiple subcultures of the single colonies which contain heterokaryotic cells on selection plates with hygromycin B or phleomycin to enrich for the mutated nuclei. Homokaryotic mutants can be obtained after three to four subcultures of isolated colonies. In this protocol, we describe the methodology for preparation of Coccidioides protoplasts, transformation and isolation of homokaryotic mutants.