gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Music Education in This Age (1957)

IS THE PLACE OF THE ARTS in the school curriculum threatened? The author thinks so and presents this challenge: Can music stand on its own merit? Is it enough to say that we know music contributes to a richer and fuller life? In attempting to formulate answers to these questions, it will be necessary to search for deeper reasons than those that apparently satisfy many practitioners in the field at the present time. What would you do if called upon to justify the retention of music in the curriculum if in your community school administrators, supported by the school board and press, believed it must be eliminated in favor of more emphasis on the sciences? If you have any thoughts or suggestions you would like to contribute to a symposium, send them to the Music Educators Journal. Recommended readinq: Mr. Hilton's “Is Music Expendable?” in the Round Table, this issue, page 58.
Studies on the Metal-Nucleotides Complexes. IV. Studies on the Isolated Metal-Inosinic Acid (5'-IMP) Complexes by Infrared Absorption Spectra (1971)

We could isolate metal complexes of inosinic acid (IMP) with Pb, Cd, Co (II), Zn, Cu (II), Ni and Mn as crystalline precipitates and Hg (II) was amorphous one from the solution of pH 3.0-7.0The elementary analysis revealed that the isolated metal complexes had the composition of 1:1 of IMP to metal, except Hg-IMP whose composition is 2:3. And we discussed the infrared (IR) absorption spectra of these metal complexes and compared with thos eof IMP Na, IMP 2Na, IMP 2K, IMP Ca and IMP Ba salt. Metal complexes with Co (II), Ni, Mn, Cd, and Pb as well as the above salt compounds showed the C=O stretching absorption in the region of about 1690cm-1.Complexation with Cu (II), Zn and Hg (II) shifted this frequency to 1710, 1708, and 1640cm-1 respectively.In the region of 1200-900cm-1 absorptions due to the phosphate group are expected, the metal complexes except Cu-IMP and Zn-IMP showed the similar spectra to those of IMP salt compounds, such as IMP 2Na and IMP 2K. Cu-IMP and Zn-IMP showed a little complicated spectra also in this region.From the above results we concluded that Cu (II), Zn and Hg (II) coordinated not only to the phosphate group but also to the hypoxanthine moiety of IMP The coordination sites of Cu (II) and Zn on the hypoxanthine moiety were considered N-7 and that of Hg (II) was C-O from the spectral changes and elementary analysis.Additional experiments of NMR spectra in D20 revealed the protonation to N-7 of hypoxanthine moiety from the phsophate group of IMP free acid.
Structural model for an AxxxG‐mediated dimer of surfactant‐associated protein C (2004)

The pulmonary surfactant prevents alveolar collapse and is required for normal pulmonary function. One of the important components of the surfactant besides phospholipids is surfactant-associated protein C (SP-C). SP-C shows complex oligomerization behavior and a transition to beta-amyloid-like fibril structures, which are not yet fully understood. Besides this nonspecific oligomerization, MS and chemical cross-linking data combined with CD spectra provide evidence of a specific, mainly alpha-helical, dimer at low to neutral pH. Furthermore, resistance to CNBr cleavage and dual NMR resonances of porcine and human recombinant SP-C with Met32 replaced by isoleucine point to a dimerization site located at the C-terminus of the hydrophobic alpha-helix of SP-C, where a strictly conserved heptapeptide sequence is found. Computational docking of two SP-C helices, described here, reveals a dimer with a helix-helix interface that strikingly resembles that of glycophorin A and is mediated by an AxxxG motif similar to the experimentally determined GxxxG pattern of glycophorin A. It is highly likely that mature SP-C adopts such a dimeric structure in the lamellar bilayer systems found in the surfactant. Dimerization has been shown in previous studies to have a role in sorting and trafficking of SP-C and may also be important to the surfactant function of this protein.
FORMATION OF Si NANOSTRUCTURES USING DRY ETCHING WITH SELF-ORGANIZED METAL OXIDE NANOPILLAR MASKS (2006)

ABSTRACT In this study, a novel method is being proposed for the formation of nanostructures, utilizing the electrochemical anodization of Al/metal layers and high density plasma etching. Self-assembled metal oxide pillars formed by anodizing Al/metal layers were employed as an etching mask for nanostructure formation. Once the shape and size of the metal oxide pillars have been determined, the shape and size of the Si dots are dependent on the etching conditions such as etching gas, coil power, and dc-bias. The etch characteristics of Si film and metal oxide pillars were investigated with regard to etch rate, selectivity and profile. Highly ordered Si nanodot arrays were fabricated on a wafer using optimized etching conditions.
Dopamine as an immune-modulator between dendritic cells and T cells and the role of dopamine in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (2009)

The nerve systems affect immune functions by releasing neurotransmitters through lymphocyte cell-surface receptors. A major neurotransmitter dopamine transmits signals via five different seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors termed D1 to D5. There is wide evidence for a decreased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients with schizophrenia which is associated with the excessive stimulation of D2-like receptors by dopamine. However, the reason for the negative association between RA and schizophrenia is unknown. We previously demonstrated that dendritic cells (DCs) could synthesize and store dopamine, DC released dopamine to naive CD4 T cells upon DC-T cell interaction and affected helper T-cell differentiation. Because DCs have been proposed to play a pivotal role in the initiation and perpetuation of RA by presentation of arthritogenic antigens to T cells, we here assessed effects and functions of dopamine on immune cells during the pathogenesis of RA. In this paper, we overview the series of our research findings, and present the possibility of drug discovery which target at dopamine receptors.
bcl-2 proto-oncogene expression in normal and neoplastic human myeloid cells (1992)

The present study provides immunobiochemical and molecular data on the differentiation-linked expression of the bcl-2 proto-oncogene in normal and neoplastic myeloid cells. Using a recently developed monoclonal antibody (MoAb) to the bcl-2 molecule, staining of normal bone marrow myeloblasts, promyelocytes, and myelocytes, but neither monocytes nor most polymorphonuclear cells, was demonstrated. By two-color flow cytometric analysis, bcl-2 was evidenced in CD33+ and CD33+/CD34+ myeloid cells as well as in the more primitive CD33-/CD34+ population. The leukemic cell lines HL-60, KG1, GM-1, and K562 were bcl-2 positive together with 11 of 14 acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and three of three chronic myeloid leukemias (CML) in blast crises; six of seven CML were negative. Among myelodysplastic cases, augmentation of the bcl-2 positive myeloblastic compartment was found in refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) and in transformation (RAEB-t). Western blots of myeloid leukemias and control lymphocytes extracts evidenced an anti-bcl-2 immunoreactive band of the expected size (26 Kd). Moreover, the HL-60 and KG1 cell lines, both positive for the bcl-2 protein, exhibited the appropriate size bcl-2 mRNA (7.5 Kb). These findings clearly indicate that the bcl-2 gene is operative in myeloid cells and that the anti-bcl-2 MoAb identifies its product and not a cross-reactive epitope. Induction of HL-60 differentiation toward the monocytic and granulocytic pathways was accompanied by a marked decrease in bcl-2 mRNA and protein levels; bivariate flow cytometric analysis showed that the fraction becoming bcl-2 negative was in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. These data establish that the bcl-2 proto-oncogene is expressed on myeloid cells and their progenitors and is regulated in a differentiation-linked manner.
Inhibition of T lymphocyte activation in mice heterozygous for loss of the IMPDH II gene (2000)

Inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, which are also synthesized from guanine by a salvage reaction catalyzed by the X chromosome-linked enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). Since inhibitors of IMPDH are in clinical use as immunosuppressive agents, we have examined the consequences of knocking out the IMPDH type II enzyme by gene targeting in a mouse model. Loss of both alleles of the gene encoding this enzyme results in very early embryonic lethality despite the presence of IMPDH type I and HPRT activities. Lymphocytes from IMPDH II(+/-) heterozygous mice are normal with respect to subpopulation distribution and respond normally to a variety of mitogenic stimuli. However, mice with an IMPDH II(+/-), HPRT(-/o) genotype demonstrate significantly decreased lymphocyte responsiveness to stimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies and show a 30% mean reduction in GTP levels in lymphocytes activated by these antibodies. Furthermore, the cytolytic activity of their T cells against allogeneic target cells is significantly impaired. These results demonstrate that a moderate decrease in the ability of murine lymphocytes to synthesize guanine nucleotides during stimulation results in significant impairment in T-cell activation and function.
A model for managing online fraud risk using transaction validation (2010)

Online banking fraud is about deceiving the banking system so that it appears that a transaction is authentic when it is not. Customer experience and fraud losses are two critical aspects to consider when implementing online fraud models. Maintaining the right balance between the two extremes is driven by the bank's operational risk management philosophy. This paper discusses transaction validation of an online banking fraud detection model implemented by a US bank. The validation is focused on measuring the model's effectiveness in capturing online fraudulent transactions. The paper summarizes various model weaknesses including: the need for a justified documented procedure for setting performance metrics and tolerance limits; the calibration of key metrics to reflect the nature of online fraud behavior; and the model's inability to link transactions with the final outcome as false negatives or true negatives, which are not captured by the model. As well as these, various metrics are discussed in the paper, which can be used as a guideline when setting performance metrics for an online banking fraud detection model.
MAPK-Activated Protein Kinase-2 in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Cyclooxygenase-2 Regulation in Heart (2010)

p38 activity in adult myocytes can contribute to pathological hypertrophy and remodeling in adult heart and that MK2 is an important downstream molecule responsible for specific features of p38-induced cardiac pathology.
Construction of a microgrid communication network (2014)

The advent of microgrids has made possible a host of applications geared toward the enhancement of the efficiency, reliability, resiliency, and sustainability of an electric power system. With a large penetration of microgrids in a power distribution system, a dedicated communication network infrastructure is needed to coordinate their control actions under various system operating conditions. This paper evaluates the ability of the current wireless communication infrastructure to meet some specific requirements and proposes some remedial actions. To this end, we have implemented communications models on the OPNETTM simulation tool and have investigated the impacts of latency and packet losses on the ability of microgrids' responses to some disturbances in the main grid. We found that the communications infrastructure must implement suitable channel access mechanisms for wireless transmission and must also support differentiated services to accommodate the variety of traffic patterns generated by the microgrids' control actions. If there are no differentiated services like the AQM, the performance of the controllers degrades.
On segmenting the three-dimensional scan data of a human body (2000)

Software for categorizing a cloud of more than 300,000 three-dimensional (3-D) surface data points, captured from a human subject, is presented. The software is part of an incremental approach that progressively refines the identification of human anthropometric landmarks. The first phase of identification is to orient and segment the human body data points. A step-by-step method for these tasks is presented. One of the algorithms, a discrete point cusp detector, plays a fundamental role in separating the data cloud. The theory and operation of the algorithm is explained. The discrete cusp detector can be used to separate any two cylindrical objects, in (3-D) data, whose boundaries touch. The software has been tested on over a hundred different body scan data sets and shown to be robust.
Robotics technology and the advent of agile manufacturing systems in the footwear industry (1996)

Provides an overview of the present state of the footwear manufacturing industry and the consumer footwear market. Describes how many manufacturers have recognized the need for advanced manufacturing techniques and automation technologies, turning to robotics and automation for more reliable manufacturing system solutions. Reports on the robotics integration and system‐level products specifically targeted for footwear manufacturing operations provided by three specialist companies; ACTIS Engineering, DESMA and Intelligent Machines Corporation.
Cleavage and Inactivation of ATM during Apoptosis (1999)

The activation of the cysteine proteases with aspartate specificity, termed caspases, is of fundamental importance for the execution of programmed cell death. These proteases are highly specific in their action and activate or inhibit a variety of key protein molecules in the cell. Here, we study the effect of apoptosis on the integrity of two proteins that have critical roles in DNA damage signalling, cell cycle checkpoint controls, and genome maintenance-the product of the gene defective in ataxia telangiectasia, ATM, and the related protein ATR. We find that ATM but not ATR is specifically cleaved in cells induced to undergo apoptosis by a variety of stimuli. We establish that ATM cleavage in vivo is dependent on caspases, reveal that ATM is an efficient substrate for caspase 3 but not caspase 6 in vitro, and show that the in vitro caspase 3 cleavage pattern mirrors that in cells undergoing apoptosis. Strikingly, apoptotic cleavage of ATM in vivo abrogates its protein kinase activity against p53 but has no apparent effect on the DNA binding properties of ATM. These data suggest that the cleavage of ATM during apoptosis generates a kinase-inactive protein that acts, through its DNA binding ability, in a trans-dominant-negative fashion to prevent DNA repair and DNA damage signalling.
Novel SSF Process for Ethanol Production from Microcrystalline Cellulose Using the $\delta$-Integrated Recombinant Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae L2612$\delta$GC (1999)

A novel simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process from the microcrystalline cellulose to ethanol was developed by using δ-integrated recombinant cellulolytic Saccharomyces cerevisiae L2612δGC, which can utilize cellulose as carbon and energy sources. The optimum amount of enzymes needed for the efficient conversion of cellulose to ethanol at 30°C was determined with commercial cellulolytic enzymes. By fed-batch cultivation, the heterologous cellulolytic enzymes were accumulated up to 42.67% of the total cellulase and 29% of the β-glucosidase needed for the efficient SSF process. When this δ-integrated recombinant yeast was applied to the successive SSF step for ethanol production, 20.35 g/l of ethanol was produced after 12 h from 50 g/l of microcrystalline cellulose. By using this novel SSF process, a considerable amount of commercial enzymes was reduced.
Recording properties of multilayered thin film media (1991)

The recording properties of layered film media, including the bit error rate, have been measured for comparison with the results found on single layer film media. This investigation centered on the ability of magnetostatic coupling between layers to affect the magnetic performance in ways other than noise reduction. Multilayered magnetic films were fabricated with interlayer thickness from 25 to 330 AA and with one to six magnetic layers using a CoPtCr alloy on a Cr underlayer. In most tests the single layer media perform better than the multilayer media, but the differences are small and do not appear to influence the error rate significantly. The largest distinguishing feature. is the improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio which comes from two thin layers that are coupled magnetostatically. This leads to an improvement of up to four orders of magnitude in the bit error rate for the bilayer media. Increasing the number of layers gives additional improvement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Estimating a Kernel Fisher Discriminant in the Presence of Label Noise (2001)

Data noise is present in many machine learning problems domains, some of these are well studied but others have received less attention. In this paper we propose an algorithm for constructing a kernel Fisher discriminant (KFD) from training examples with noisy labels. The approach allows to associate with each example a probability of the label being flipped. We utilise an expectation maximization (EM) algorithm for updating the probabilities. The E-step uses class conditional probabilities estimated as a by-product of the KFD algorithm. The M-step updates the flip probabilities and determines the parameters of the discriminant. We demonstrate the feasibility of the approach on two real-world data-sets. 1.
Total Design: Integrated Methods for Successful Product Engineering (1991)

Preface The Total Design Activity Design Core: Market/User Needs and Demands Design Core: Conceptual Design Design Core: Detail Design (Technical Design) Design Core: Manufacture Design Core: Selling (Marketing) Variations to the Total Design Activity Model Design Management Electronic Aids to Total Design Further Methods to Assist the Design Core Total Design: A Summary Exercises to Illustrate the Design Core Appendices Bibliography Index
Aging Process Is Accompanied by Increase of Transglutaminase C (1999)

Crosslinking has been suggested as one of the mechanisms involved in the aging process. Among the various random or enzyme-mediated crosslinking reactions, transglutaminase (TGase)-catalyzed crosslinking activity has been proposed for its possible involvement in cell proliferation, differentiation, carcinogenesis, programmed death, and aging. Moreover, recent findings of TGase C as a putative signal transducer and cell cycle regulator has renewed interest in the study of TGase C in relation to aging phenomena. The ubiquitous presence of TGase C compared to the organ-specific localization of other types of TGases has attracted special attention as a cellular aging device. In the present investigation for in vitro studies, we have compared the pattern of TGase C in young and old human red blood cells, separated by density differentiation, and in early and late-passage or hydrogen peroxide-treated human primary fibroblasts. For in vivo study, we monitored the age-dependent changes of TGase C in the liver and brain tissues of 4, 12, 18, and 24-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats. We obtained evidence that both the activity and protein levels of TGase C were high in old RBC and late-passage or hydrogen peroxide-treated fibroblasts. Similar findings were seen in liver and brain tissue such as age-dependent increases in TGase activity and protein level in an organ-specific pattern. These data suggest that TGase C might play an active role in the cellular process with age.
Nature‐Inspired Environmental “Phosphorylation” Boosts Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Production over Carbon Nitride Nanosheets under Visible‐Light Irradiation (2015)

Inspired by the crucial roles of phosphates in natural photosynthesis, we explored an environmental "phosphorylation" strategy for boosting photocatalytic H2 production over g-C3N4 nanosheets under visible light. As expected, a substantial improvement was observed in the rate of H2 evolution to 947 μmol h(-1), and the apparent quantum yield was as high as 26.1% at 420 nm. The synergy of enhanced proton reduction and improved hole oxidation is proposed to account for the markedly increased activity. Our findings may provide a promising and facile approach to highly efficient photocatalysis for solar-energy conversion.
Beyond shape selective catalysis with zeolites: Hydrophobic void spaces in zeolites enable catalysis in liquid water (2013)

Zeolites confine active sites within void spaces of molecular dimension. The size and shape of these voids can be tuned by changing framework topology, which can influence catalytic reactivity and selectivity via coupled reaction‐transport phenomena that exploit differences in transport properties among reactants and/or products that differ in size and shape. The polarity and solvating properties of intrazeolite void environments can be tuned by changing chemical composition and structure, ranging from hydrophobic defect‐free pure‐silica surfaces to silica surfaces containing hydrophilic defect sites and/or heteroatoms. Here, we discuss how the polarity of zeolite voids influences catalytic reactivity and selectivity via the partitioning of reactant, product, and solvent molecules between intrazeolitic locations and external fluid phases. These findings provide a conceptual basis for developing selective catalytic processes in aqueous media using hydrophobic zeolites that are able to adsorb organic reactants while excluding liquid water from internal void spaces. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 59: 3349–3358, 2013
Sotorasib for Lung Cancers with <i>KRAS</i> p.G12C Mutation (2021)

In this phase 2 trial, sotorasib therapy led to a durable clinical benefit without new safety signals in patients with previously treated <i>KRAS</i> p.G12C-mutated NSCLC. (Funded by Amgen and the National Institutes of Health; CodeBreaK100 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03600883.).
UGetMobile End-user Mobile Publishing Platform (2006)

UGetMobile advances the state of the art in Web 2.0 services, by creating an Internet service that enables end-users to "get mobile" - use the Internet to create mobile accessible web-sites and mobile value added services such SMS (Short Message Service), MMS (Multimedia Message Services), blogs, LBS (Location Base Services), video and e-mail. UGetMobile enhances these services by creating deep interconnections with mobile Operator’s mobile portals and Service Delivery Platforms (SDP) via OSA/Parlay; and UGetMobile will leverage the growth of key emerging Web 2.0 mobile services such as Google Local, Google Base, Google Mobile, MSN mobile and Yahoo mobile.