gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association of vitamin E and C supplement use with cognitive function and dementia in elderly men (2000)

Objective: To determine whether use of vitamin E and C supplements protects against subsequent development of dementia and poor cognitive functioning. Methods: The Honolulu–Asia Aging Study is a longitudinal study of Japanese-American men living in Hawaii. Data for this study were obtained from a subsample of the cohort interviewed in 1982, and from the entire cohort from a mailed questionnaire in 1988 and the dementia prevalence survey in 1991 to 1993. The subjects included 3,385 men, age 71 to 93 years, whose use of vitamin E and C supplements had been ascertained previously. Cognitive performance was assessed with the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument, and subjects were stratified into four groups: low, low normal, mid normal, and high normal. For the dementia analyses, subjects were divided into five mutually exclusive groups: AD (n = 47), vascular dementia (n = 35), mixed/other types of dementia (n = 50), low cognitive test scorers without diagnosed dementia (n = 254), and cognitively intact (n = 2,999; reference). Results: In a multivariate model controlling for other factors, a significant protective effect was found for vascular dementia in men who had reported taking both vitamin E and C supplements in 1988 (odds ratio [OR], 0.12; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.88). They were also protected against mixed/other dementia (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.89). No protective effect was found for Alzheimer’s dementia (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 0.91 to 3.62). Among those without dementia, use of either vitamin E or C supplements alone in 1988 was associated significantly with better cognitive test performance at the 1991 to 1993 examination (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.50), and use of both vitamin E and C together had borderline significance (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.995 to 1.39). Conclusions: These results suggest that vitamin E and C supplements may protect against vascular dementia and may improve cognitive function in late life.
Impact of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes (2009)

PURPOSE Use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may be associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus but the risk of both acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiovascular mortality remain controversial because few outcomes and conflicting findings have been reported. We sought to clarify whether ADT is associated with these outcomes in a large, representative cohort. METHODS Using linked administrative databases in Ontario, Canada, men age 66 years or older with prostate cancer given continuous ADT for at least 6 months or who underwent bilateral orchiectomy (n = 19,079) were matched with men with prostate cancer who had never received ADT. Treated and untreated groups were matched 1:1 (ie, hard-matched) on age, prior cancer treatment, and year of diagnosis and propensity-matched on comorbidities, medications, cardiovascular risk factors, prior fractures, and socioeconomic variables. Primary outcomes were development of AMI, sudden cardiac death, and diabetes. Fragility fracture was also examined. Results The cohort was observed for a mean of 6.47 years. In time-to-event analyses, ADT use was associated with an increased risk of diabetes (hazard ratio [HR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.21) and fragility fracture (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.53 to 1.77) but not with AMI (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.00) or sudden cardiac death (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.10). Increasing duration of ADT was associated with an excess risk of fragility fractures and diabetes but not cardiac outcomes. CONCLUSION Continuous ADT use for at least 6 months in older men is associated with an increased risk of diabetes and fragility fracture but not AMI or sudden cardiac death.
Improved parallel polynomial division and its extensions (1992)

The authors compute the first N coefficients of the reciprocal r(x) of a given polynomial p(x), (r(x)p(x)=1 mod x/sup N/, p(0) not=0), by using, under the PRAM arithmetic models, O(h log N) time-steps and O((N/h)(1+2/sup -h/log/sup (h)/ N)) processors, for any h, h=1,2, . . .,log/sup */ N, provided that O(logm) steps and m processors suffice to perform DFT on m points and that log/sup (0)/ N=N, log/sup (h)/ N=log/sub 2/log/sup (h-1)/N, h=1, . . .,log/sup */N, log/sup */N=max(h:log/sup (h)/N>0). The same complexity estimates apply to some other computations, such as the division with a remainder of two polynomials of degrees O(N) and the inversion of an N*N triangular Toeplitz matrix. They also show how to extend the techniques to parallel implementation of other recursive processes, such as the evaluation modulo x/sup N/ of the m-th root, p(x)/sup 1/m/, of p(x) (for any fixed natural m), for which we need O(log N log log N) time-steps and O(N/log log N) processors. The paper demonstrates some new techniques of supereffective slowdown of parallel algebraic computations, which they combine with a technique of stream contraction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Novel Approach To Predict Potentiality of Enhanced Oil Recovery (2006)

Abstract The potentiality prediction of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is the basis of EOR potentiality analysis as well as the robust guarantee of the reliability of analysis results. In the light of statistical learning theory, establishing an EOR predictive model substantially falls within the problem of function approximation. According to Vapnik's structural risk minimization principle, one should improve the generalization ability of learning machine, that is, a small error from an effective training set can guarantee a small error for the corresponding independent testing set. The up-to-date results from studies on statistical theory in recent decades even recent years are firstly applied to EOR potentiality analysis. The applications of group method of data handling (GMDH), Improved BP artificial neural network, and support vector machine (SVM) are discussed. The comparison of the results from three methods indicates that SVM can pay more attention to both the universality and extendibility of a model when the samples are very limited, which shows a good prospect of its application. A method used to generate a set of sample theoretically is developed in this research by combining quadrate designing, reservoir simulation, and economical evaluation.
Representing documents using an explicit model of their similarities (1995)

A method is proposed for creating vector space representations of documents based on modeling target interdocument similarity values. The target similarity values are assumed to capture semantic relationships, or associations, between the documents. The vector representations are chosen so that the inner product similarities between document vector pairs closely match their target interdocument similarities. The method is closely related to the Latent Semantic Indexing approach; in fact, they are equivalent when the target similarities are derived directly from document similarities based on term co-occurrence. However, our method allows for external sources of interdocument semantic constraints to be used in the indexing, though at greater computational expense. The method is applied to three standard text databases from the information retrieval literature. On the CISI database of information science abstracts, performance (measured by precision averaged over a range of recall levels) improves by 28% compared to a weighted term-vector approach, and improves 10% compared to Latent Semantic Indexing. Similar improvement is obtained on the Cranfield database, but no improvement is obtained for the artificial MED database of medical abstracts. The generally favorable performance suggests interesting potential for methods which explicitly modify the retrieval system to meet interdocument semantic constraints. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A case of urticarial drug eruption from loxoprofen sodium (1997)

Journal Article A case of urticarial drug eruption from loxoprofen sodium Get access M. Kimura, M. Kimura Department of dermatology, National Defense Medical College, Namiki 3‐2, Tokorozawa City, Saitama 359, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Kawada, A. Kawada Department of dermatology, National Defense Medical College, Namiki 3‐2, Tokorozawa City, Saitama 359, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Hiruma, M. Hiruma Department of dermatology, National Defense Medical College, Namiki 3‐2, Tokorozawa City, Saitama 359, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Ishibashi A. Ishibashi Department of dermatology, National Defense Medical College, Namiki 3‐2, Tokorozawa City, Saitama 359, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Volume 22, Issue 6, 1 November 1997, Pages 303–304, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.1997.tb01105.x Published: 01 November 1997
Cognitive Models of Gambling and Problem Gambling (2014)

Current research paints the picture of problem gambling as a multifaceted phenomenon, for which there is not one single explanation. A wealth of factors are implied in the development and maintenance of problem gambling, including biological mechanisms of rewardprocessing (e.g. Linnet et al., 2010a), cognitive processes of attention (e.g. Brevers et al., 2011), implicit memory (e.g. McCusker & Gettings, 1997), decision-making (e.g. Brevers et al., 2013) and beliefs (e.g. Myrseth et al., 2010), mechanisms underlying mood regulation (Brown et al., 2004) and coping styles (e.g. Gupta et al., 2004). Individual factors are thought to interact with the gambling environment and the larger social, professional and familial environment, adding to the complexity. Integrated models of problem gambling, such as the pathways model of Blaszczynski and Nower (2002), attempt to (re-)establish a holistic view in a research field that resorts to increasingly specific and intricate research designs. The underlying mechanisms and their interactions, however, are still not well understood (Gobet & Schiller, 2011).
Guided-wave directional couplers with polarisation maintaining fibre arrays (1991)

Guided-wave directional couplers having good polarisation-maintaining characteristics have been made in glass and assembled with polarisation maintaining fibre arrays fabricated by a novel technique using capillaries on a V-grooved substrate. The extinction ratios of the output ports were over 31 dB for waveguide chips and 26dB for fibre arraya-ssembled devices, respectively.
Analysis of Dielectronic Recombination Transitions for Highly Charged Iron Ions (2001)

The X-ray spectra emitted from highly charged Fe ions impacted by an electron beam with an energy ranging from 4.3 to 8.5 keV were measured in the Tokyo Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT). To analyze the observed spectra, cross sections for dielectronic recombination of KLn states were calculated for the range 4.3 ∼ 6.6 keV by the use of the distorted wave method. By comparing the convoluted cross sections with the experimental spectra, close agreement was obtained, and we identified He-like Fe as a dominant component (74%) in a mixture also containing Li-like ions (18%) and Be-like ions (8%). The ion density was estimated to be 6.5 ∼ 8.5 × 10 8 cm −3 .
Optimal trajectory synthesis for terrain-following flight (1991)

A methodology for optimal trajectory planning useful for the nap-of-the-Earth guidance of helicopters is presented. This approach employs an adjoint-control transformatio n together with a one-dimensional search scheme for generating the time-terrain masking optimal trajectories. The trajectory planning problem bears a striking resemblance to the classical Zermelo's problem in the calculus of variations. In addition to being useful for helicopter nap-of-the-Earth guidance, the trajectory planning solution is of interest in several other contexts, such as robotic vehicle guidance and terrain-following guidance for cruise missiles and aircraft. A distinguishing feature of the present research is that the terrain constraint and threat envelopes are incorporated into the vehicle equations of motion. Second-order necessary conditions for this problem are examined.
Probing the Functional Impact of Sequence Variation on p53-DNA Interactions Using a Novel Microsphere Assay for Protein-DNA Binding with Human Cell Extracts (2009)

The p53 tumor suppressor regulates its target genes through sequence-specific binding to DNA response elements (REs). Although numerous p53 REs are established, the thousands more identified by bioinformatics are not easily subjected to comparative functional evaluation. To examine the relationship between RE sequence variation -- including polymorphisms -- and p53 binding, we have developed a multiplex format microsphere assay of protein-DNA binding (MAPD) for p53 in nuclear extracts. Using MAPD we measured sequence-specific p53 binding of doxorubicin-activated or transiently expressed p53 to REs from established p53 target genes and p53 consensus REs. To assess the sensitivity and scalability of the assay, we tested 16 variants of the p21 target sequence and a 62-multiplex set of single nucleotide (nt) variants of the p53 consensus sequence and found many changes in p53 binding that are not captured by current computational binding models. A group of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was examined and binding profiles closely matched transactivation capability tested in luciferase constructs. The in vitro binding characteristics of p53 in nuclear extracts recapitulated the cellular in vivo transactivation capabilities for eight well-established human REs measured by luciferase assay. Using a set of 26 bona fide REs, we observed distinct binding patterns characteristic of transiently expressed wild type and mutant p53s. This microsphere assay system utilizes biologically meaningful cell extracts in a multiplexed, quantitative, in vitro format that provides a powerful experimental tool for elucidating the functional impact of sequence polymorphism and protein variation on protein/DNA binding in transcriptional networks.
Relationships Between Oxidative Metabolism, Macrophage Activation, and Antilisterial Activity (1984)

Previous reports from this laboratory have revealed that macrophages obtained from 7-day Listeria-immune mice elicited 15 h before harvest with heat-killed homologous microorganisms were able to kill Listeria monocytogenes while resident or elicited cells were not [14, 16]. In the present study, experiments were conducted to determine if phagocytosis-associated oxidative metabolic activity participates in the enhanced destruction of Listeria by activated macrophages. Investigations into production of oxygen radicals by zymosan-stimulated macrophages revealed that Listeria-immune antigen-elicited (LIAE) cells produced significantly more superoxide and hydrogen peroxide than did resident, thioglycolate, or Listeria antigen-elicited macrophages. Additionally, the percentage of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye positive cells following exposure to zymosan was maximal in the immune-elicited population. Utilizing a luminol-dependent assay, a short-term chemiluminescent (CL) burst was noted in phagocytizing macrophages. This response was greatest in the LIAE population that exhibited a tenfold increase in peak chemiluminescence over other cell types. Prolonged in vitro culture of these cells diminishes their capacity to generate oxygen radicals. Additionally, LIAE macrophages cultured in excess of 38 h exhibited a significant decrease in zymosan-stimulated hydrogen peroxide release while the decline in superoxide generation was minimal. A substantial diminution in the Listeria-stimulated CL response was also noted during this time period. However, phagocytosis of Listeria by LIAE cells failed to induce the level of oxygen metabolites seen when zymosan was used as the particulate stimulant. In addition, scavengers of oxygen radicals were found to be relatively ineffective in reducing the killing of L monocytogenes by immunologically activated macrophages in culture. It therefore appears that toxic oxygen species do not play a major role in the heightened killing of Listeria by activated macrophages.
Cosolvent Gel-like Materials from Partially Hydrolyzed Poly(vinyl acetate)s and Borax (2011)

A gel-like, high-viscosity polymeric dispersion (HVPD) based on cross-linked borate, partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate) (xPVAc, where x is the percent hydrolysis) is described. Unlike hydro-HVPDs prepared from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and borate, the liquid portion of these materials can be composed of up to 75% of an organic cosolvent because of the influence of residual acetate groups on the polymer backbone. The effects of the degree of hydrolysis, molecular weight, polymer and cross-linker concentrations, and type and amount of organic cosolvent on the rheological and structural properties of the materials are investigated. The stability of the systems is explored through rheological and melting-range studies. (11)B NMR and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) are used to probe the structure of the dispersions. The addition of an organic liquid to the xPVAc-borate HVPDs results in a drastic increase in the number of cross-linked borate species as well as the agglomeration of the polymer into bundles. These effects result in an increase in the relaxation time and thermal stability of the networks. The ability to make xPVAc-borate HVPDs with very large amounts of and rather different organic liquids, with very different rheological properties that can be controlled easily, opens new possibilities for applications of PVAc-based dispersions.
Public Trial and Public Right: The Missing Bottom Line (1980)

THE PROBLEMThe past quarter-century has witnessed explosive increase in control of our government by courts.Led by the United States Supreme Court, they have invalidated actions by other governmental organs in one new field after another.This they purport to do in the name of fidelity to our eighteenth-century Constitution and its twenty-six amendments.The Supreme Court does not formally claim authority to disapprove statutes or other official acts simply because (in the Justices' opinion) they offend some fundamental national policy.It is now clear, however, that for some time the Court has in fact been doing exactly that.If constitutional rulings that cannot rest on rational interpretation of constitutional provisions were few and far between, one might explain them as occasional mistaken lapses; but they have become far too frequent for that to be plausible. 1 Many legal scholars-and probably most nonlawyers-would say that, in the foregoing lines, I have already alleged a prima facie case against the legitimacy of dozens if not hundreds of recent Supreme Court decisions.That is, they would say that if I can prove these assertions, the Court will stand condemned for usurping power that does not rightfully belong to it.I disagree.
Shape variation of cross-linked liquid-crystalline polymers by electric fields (1986)

Abstract First experiments show that cross-linked liquid-crystalline polymers, which are swollen with nematic low molar mass liquid crystals and freely dispersed in this liquid crystal, change their shape if an electic field is applied. This shape variation depends on the degree of swelling.
Open-Domain Semantic Role Labeling by Modeling Word Spans (2010)

Most supervised language processing systems show a significant drop-off in performance when they are tested on text that comes from a domain significantly different from the domain of the training data. Semantic role labeling techniques are typically trained on newswire text, and in tests their performance on fiction is as much as 19 % worse than their performance on newswire text. We investigate techniques for building open-domain semantic role labeling systems that approach the ideal of a train-once, use-anywhere system. We leverage recently-developed techniques for learning representations of text using latent-variable language models, and extend these techniques to ones that provide the kinds of features that are useful for semantic role labeling. In experiments, our novel system reduces error by 16 % relative to the previous state of the art on out-of-domain text. 1
Avoiding Leakage and Synchronization Attacks through Enclave-Side Preemption Control (2016)

Intel SGX is the latest processor architecture promising secure code execution despite large, complex and hence potentially vulnerable legacy operating systems (OSs). However, two recent works identified vulnerabilities that allow an untrusted management OS to extract secret information from Intel SGX's enclaves, and to violate their integrity by exploiting concurrency bugs. In this work, we re-investigate delayed preemption (DP) in the context of Intel SGX. DP is a mechanism originally proposed for L4-family microkernels as disable-interrupt replacement. Recapitulating earlier results on language-based information-flow security, we illustrate the construction of leakage-free code for enclaves. However, as long as adversaries have fine-grained control over preemption timing, these solutions are impractical from a performance/complexity perspective. To overcome this, we resort to delayed preemption, and sketch a software implementation for hypervisors providing enclaves as well as a hardware extension for systems like SGX. Finally, we illustrate how static analyses for SGX may be extended to check confidentiality of preemption-delaying programs.
Small‐Amplitude Atomic Force Microscopy (2005)

Abstract Small amplitude Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a relatively new AFM technique which was specifically developed to perform linear measurements of nanomechanical phenomena. This is achieved by using ultra‐small cantilever amplitudes and very high sensitivity deflection sensors. Recently this technique has been used in ultra‐high vacuum (UHV) and liquid environments to measure atomic and molecular forces and dynamics with high precision. Here we focus on three examples which are interesting from a nanoengineering standpoint: Atomic energy dissipation (atomic friction), atomic‐scale contact mechanics, and nanotribology/molecular ordering in confined liquid films.
Design of Electronic Control System for Free-Piston Engine Generator (2014)

Based on Infineon XC167, an electronic control system was designed for internal combustion free piston engine generator (FPEG). The displacement was output in form of 4 channel differential signal by Coaxial magnetic grid, so the signal processing circuit was designed, and the displacement signal can be trapped by single-chip micro-controller; according to the current displacement, the ignition pulse width and ignition position was calculated by the single-chip micro-controller, ignition pulse was output; the operation parameter was monitored and control parameter was adjusted by PC. The test results show that: modular design was introduced in the design of electric control system, and it monitors and controls the FPEG accurately, the control objectives are achieved.
A new approach to condensed pyridines (2005)

The interaction of thiazolo[4,5-e][1,2,4]triazines with bicyclo[2.2.1]heptadiene at a high pressure (up to 15 kbar) results in the corresponding thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridines, and this is the key step of a new approach to fused pyridines based on the tandem SNH−SNH reactions on the 1,2,4-triazine ring.