gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Read Dominant Data Replication Protocol under Serial Isolation using Quorum Consensus Approach (2014)

In distributed systems, data replication provides better availability, higher read capacity, improved access efficiency and lower bandwidth requirements in the system. In this paper, we propose a significantly efficient approach of the data replication for serial isolation by using newly proposed Circular quorum systems. This paper has three major contributions. First, we have proposed the Circular quorum systems that generalize the various existing quorum systems, such as Read-one-write-all (ROWA) quorum systems, Majority quorum systems, Grid quorum systems, Diamond quorum systems, D-Space quorum systems, Multi-dimensional-grid quorum systems and Generalized-grid quorum systems. Second, Circular quorum systems not only generalizes but also improves the performance over existing quorum systems of their category. Third, we proposed a highly available Circular quorum consensus protocol for data replication under serial isolation level that uses a suitable Circular quorum system for read dominant scenario.
Organic synthesis by means of noble metal compounds. XXXV. Novel decarbonylation reactions of aldehydes and acyl halides using rhodium complexes (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic synthesis by means of noble metal compounds. XXXV. Novel decarbonylation reactions of aldehydes and acyl halides using rhodium complexesKiyotaka Ohno and Jiro TsujiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 1, 99–107Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01003a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01003a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2994Altmetric-Citations234LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interfacial polycondensation. IX. Polysulfonamides (1959)

Abstract Polysulfonamides may be prepared readily in high molecular weight by interfacial polycondensation. They are formed rapidly at room temperature when a disulfonyl chloride in an organic solvent is emulsified with a diamine in water containing an acid acceptor. The highest polymers have been obtained from aliphatic diamines and aromatic disulfonyl chlorides. Aromatic diamines have given only low molecular weight materials. Reaction conditions for preparing poly(hexamethylene‐1,3‐benzenedisulfonamide) are briefly described. Reactants must be very pure. Dichloromethane and chloroform have been the most useful organic solvents and must be pure and dry. The best concentrations are about 0.1 M . The pH and the ionic strength of the aqueous phase exert a power ful effect on the desired partition of diamines between the two phases and the undesired hydrolysis of the sulfonyl chloride. Thus, sodium carbonate works better than sodium hydroxide as an acid acceptor and, in some cases, bicarbonate has been used to avoid imide formation and consequent branching.
Thermal Modeling of high power LED modules (2007)

This paper presents a study of accuracy issues in thermal modeling of high power LED modules on system level. Both physical as well as numerical accuracy issues are addressed. Incorrect physical assumptions may result in seemingly correct, but erroneous results. It is therefore important to motivate the underlying key physical assumptions of a thermal model. In this paper thermal measurements are used to calibrate a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a high power LED module model at a reference application condition, and to validate it at other application conditions.
Correlation Between Aβx-40–, Aβx-42–, and Aβx-43–Containing Amyloid Plaques and Cognitive Decline (2001)

These data indicate that Abetax-42 and Abetax-43 are important species associated with early disease progression and suggest that the physiochemical properties of the Abeta species may be a major determinant in amyloid deposition. The results support an important role for Abeta in mediating initial pathogenic events in Alzheimer disease dementia and reinforce that treatment strategies targeting the formation, accumulation, or cytotoxic effects of Abeta should be pursued.
Non-speech audio event detection (2009)

Audio event detection is one of the tasks of the European project VIDIVIDEO. This paper focuses on the detection of non-speech events, and as such only searches for events in audio segments that have been previously classified as non-speech. Preliminary experiments with a small corpus of sound effects have shown the potential of this type of corpus for training purposes. This paper describes our experiments with SVM and HMM-based classifiers, using a 290-hour corpus of sound effects. Although we have only built detectors for 15 semantic concepts so far, the method seems easily portable to other concepts. The paper reports experiments with multiple features, different kernels and several analysis windows. Preliminary experiments on documentaries and films yielded promising results, despite the difficulties posed by the mixtures of audio events that characterize real sounds.
Molecular dynamics of water in oriented DPPC multilayers studied by quasielastic neutron scattering and deuterium-nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation (1994)

The dynamics of water between highly oriented multilayers of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) has been studied in two time domains at different hydration levels. Incoherent quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) and deuterium-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) longitudinal (T1) relaxation were employed to investigate both the high-frequency motions of water (10−9–10−11 s time scale) and their anisotropy, while 2H-NMR transverse (T2) relaxation was used for obtaining information on low frequency dynamical processes (microsecond time scale). Our results show that high frequency dynamics (picosecond-time scale) at low hydration (three to four water molecules per lipid) can be understood solely as a uniaxial rotation of the water molecules tightly bound to DPPC head groups with a correlation time τrot≊62 ps at 55 °C and a rotational radius of 1±0.1 Å, but with no detectable translational degrees of freedom. The 2H-NMR T1 data (nanosecond-time scale) can be explained satisfactorily on the basis of fast rotations with the correlation time above and a slower reorientation of the rotational axis (correlation time τ1≊6 ns). Both QENS and 2H-NMR T1 measurements provide an apparent activation energy of Ea=32±1.0 kJ/mol for this process. Increasing the hydration level of the multilayers leaves the rotational motion essentially unchanged, but enables additional translational motion which can be considered as a jump diffusion process (diffusion coefficient D=16±1×10−10 m2/s at 44 °C and a mean residence time of τ0=2.0±0.5 ps) of nonbound water. It is interesting to note that this diffusion is completely isotropic on the characteristic length scale of this QENS experiment (≤10 Å). Temperature variation shows that the phase state of the lipids has no significant effect on the high frequency dynamics of the water molecules. Measurements of the 2H-NMR quadrupolar splitting of water (D2O) at temperatures around the phase transition temperature Tm of the oriented DPPC multilayers clearly show a coexistence of the crystalline Lβ′ phase and of the fluid Lα phase over a range of up to 4 °C at both sides of Tm. The intermediate Pβ′ (‘‘ripple’’) phase is suppressed as we worked at hydration levels below saturation. In the coexistence range, exchange of water takes place between crystalline and fluid lipid domains due to water diffusion. This exchange causes a pronounced minimum of the 2H-NMR transverse relaxation time T2 at Tm since this low frequency process satisfies approximately a critical damping condition for a two-site chemical exchange process.
Reverse‐Selective Microporous Membrane for Gas Separation (2009)

Reverse-selective membranes, through which bigger molecules selectively permeate, are attractive for developing chemical processes utilizing hydrogen because they can maintain the high partial pressure of hydrogen required for their further downstream utilization. Although several of these chemical processes are operated above 473 K, membranes with outstanding reverse-selective separation performance at these temperatures are still to be reported. Herein, we propose a new adsorption-based reverse-selective membrane that utilizes a Na cation occluded in a zeolitic framework. The membrane developed in this work, a compact Na(+)-exchanged ZSM-5 (NaZSM-5) type zeolite membrane, enables us to selectively permeate and separate bigger polar molecules, such as methanol and water, from a stream containing hydrogen, above 473 K. On the other hand, a Na(+)-free, H(+)-exchanged ZSM-5 (HZSM-5) type zeolite membrane did not show separation properties at these temperatures. The microporous zeolite membrane developed in this study can be applied to a variety of chemical reaction systems to minimize energy consumption.
Thermistor-Operated Temperature Control (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermistor-Operated Temperature ControlC. M. ProctorCite this: Anal. Chem. 1956, 28, 12, 2030–2032Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1956https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60120a068RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The effect of glycoprotein-processing inhibitors on fucosylation of glycoproteins. (1985)

The influenza viral hemagglutinin contains L-fucose linked alpha 1,6 to some of the innermost GlcNAc residues of the complex oligosaccharides. In order to determine what structural features of the oligosaccharide were required for fucosylation or where in the processing pathway fucosylation occurred, influenza virus-infected MDCK cells were incubated in the presence of various inhibitors of glycoprotein processing to stop trimming at different points. After several hours of incubation with the inhibitors, [5,6-3H]fucose and [1-14C]mannose were added to label the glycoproteins, and cells were incubated in inhibitor and isotope for about 40 h to produce mature virus. Glycopeptides were prepared from the viral and the cellular glycoproteins, and these glycopeptides were isolated by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-4. The glycopeptides were then digested with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H and rechromatographed on the Bio-Gel column. In the presence of castanospermine or 2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine, both inhibitors of glucosidase I, most of the radioactive mannose was found in Glc3Man7-9GlcNAc structures, and these did not contain radioactive fucose. In the presence of deoxymannojirimycin, an inhibitor of mannosidase I, most of the [14C]mannose was in a Man9GlcNAc structure which was also not fucosylated. However, in the presence of swainsonine, an inhibitor of mannosidase II, the [14C]mannose was mostly in hybrid types of oligosaccharides, and these structures also contained radioactive fucose. Treatment of the hybrid structures with endoglucosaminidase H released the [3H]fucose as a small peptide (Fuc-GlcNAc-peptide), whereas the [14C]mannose remained with the oligosaccharide. The data support the conclusion that the addition of fucose linked alpha 1,6 to the asparagine-linked GlcNAc is dependent upon the presence of a beta 1,2-GlcNAc residue on the alpha 1,3-mannose branch of the core structure.
Produktion im Umbruch (1997)

Die Unternehmensentwicklung in der Vergangenheit war im wesentlichen durch Wachstum gekennzeichnet. Damit läßt sich eine Bandbreite vom Einmannbetrieb bis zum Konzern aufspannen. Die Folge war eine zunehmende Unternehmensgliederung in funktionale Bereiche, wie z.B. Abteilungen und Gruppen. Dadurch konnten kleinere Einheiten mit einem höheren Spezialisierungsgrad gebildet werden, die sich traditionell in Abhängigkeit von ihrer Funktionalität den kaufmännischen und technischen Bereichen grob zuordnen (Bild 1.1).
Three-Dimensional Imaging by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy(CLSM). (2001)

The recent development of optical microscopy has brought about a more refined and sophisticated apparatus, such as a confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), which was originally described by Minsky (1957), and ever since has been applied to the field of medical biology. In early experiments, only fluorescent signals were detectable by CLSM. However, recent innovations have prompted the possible visualization of non-fluorescent signals such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and diaminobenzidine (DAB) signals by CLSM. Moreover, the combination of CLSM and image analysis system (IAS) has enabled us successfully to visualize subcellular organelles three dimensionally (3D) in routinely processed optical microscopic specimens.In the present review, we applied CLSM to the specimens prepared for optical microscopy, and demonstrated the intracellular identification of subcellular organelles and protein, which were comparable to those observed under electron microscopy. We also applied this microscopy to the observation of tumor angiogenesis and microvessel environment of tumor cells. Both the visualization of subcellular organelles, mRNA and protein products, and 3D images of microvessel environment of tumor cells are discussed in this review.
Galantamine may be effective in treating autistic disorder (2002)

EDITOR—Wilcock et al report galantamine to be an effective and well tolerated drug in Alzheimer's disease.1 The mechanisms of autistic disorders are not completely understood. At least one kind of autism (Heller's dementia) is clinically quite similar to Alzheimer's disease.

No specific drugs seem to improve autism significantly. Desipramine, dextroamphetamine, clonidine, neuroleptics, and methylphenidate are reported to be only slightly effective but also to have possible severe adverse …
Reactive Co-Evaporation of YBCO for Coated Conductors (2007)

We describe methods for depositing high temperature superconducting films on textured metal tapes by reactive co-evaporation (RCE). We discuss how RCE can be used to deposit on moving tape in a continuous fashion in a Garching-style process. Results are presented on films deposited by RCE at Los Alamos on IBAD-MgO textured tapes. The performance achieved, attaining over 500A/cm-width in self-field at 75.5 K, is competitive with the best results obtained by other processes for coated conductors. Tape production throughput is critical for the economics of the process and high deposition rates achieved in RCE are attractive for this. We present a detailed cost analysis model for HTS deposition using an RCE Garching process. The results indicate that HTS deposition can cost $
In vitro and in vivo effects of deferoxamine in neonatal acute leukemia (1987)

A six week old infant with acute leukemia failed to attain remission with chemotherapy. Because we previously demonstrated that the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) has antiproliferative properties and modulatory effects on cell differentiation, a protocol was designed for in vitro study and for clinical use in the patient. At diagnosis, blast cells were morphologically undifferentiated, had nondiagnostic cytochemistry, showed an abnormal karyotype (t[4;11]), expressed markers of B cell lineage, and demonstrated C mu gene rearrangement. Tissue culture of marrow or blood cells yielded colonies of leukemic blasts. Increasing concentrations of DFO produced a dose-dependent suppression of patient's blast colony growth in vitro, and blasts within colonies showed a marked change in surface antigen expression from lymphoid to myelomonocytic markers, became monocytic in appearance, and developed intense staining for nonspecific esterase. When DFO was given intravenously to the patient as a single agent for 48 hours, blasts no longer expressed lymphoid antigens and became strongly positive for myelomonocytic markers, identical to the in vitro findings. Intravenous DFO halted rising peripheral blood blast cell numbers and allowed a several-fold increase in normal hematopoietic progenitor colony growth. When combined with low-dose cytosine arabinoside in the treatment protocol, DFO caused striking leukemic cytoreduction. Our findings indicate that DFO has antileukemic properties by virtue of its effects on proliferation and differentiation, and they prompt further experimental and clinical studies with this agent.
Dual constrictor and dilator actions of ET<sub>B</sub> receptors in the rat renal microcirculation: interactions with ET<sub>A</sub> receptors (2004)

The vascular actions of endothelin-1 (ET-1) reflect the combination of vasoconstrictor ET(A) and ET(B) receptors on smooth muscle cells and vasodilator ET(B) receptors on endothelial cells. The present study investigated the contribution of ET receptor subtypes using a comprehensive battery of agonists and antagonists infused directly into the renal artery of anesthetized rats to evaluate the actions of each receptor class alone and their interactions. ET-1 (5 pmol) reduced renal blood flow (RBF) 25+/-1%. ET(A) antagonist BQ-123 attenuated this response to a 15+/-1% decrease in RBF (P < 0.01), indicating net constriction by ET(B) receptors. Combined receptor blockade (BQ-123+BQ-788) resulted in a renal vasoconstriction of 7+/-1% (P = 0.001 vs. BQ-123), supporting a constrictor action of ET(B) receptors. In marked contrast, the ET(B) antagonist BQ-788 enhanced the ET-1 RBF response to 60+/-5% (P < 0.001), suggesting ET(B)-mediated net dilation. Consistent with ET(A) blockade, the ET(B) agonist sarafotoxin 6C (S6C) produced vasoconstriction, reducing RBF by 23+/-5%. Dose-response curves for ET-1 and S6C showed similar degrees of constriction between 0.2 and 100 pmol. Both antagonists (BQ-123, BQ-788) were equally effective at threefold lower than the standard doses, suggesting complete inhibition. We conclude that ET(B) receptors alone exert a net constrictor effect but cause a net dilator influence when costimulated with ET(A) receptors. Such opposing actions indicate more complex than additive interaction between receptor subtypes. Model analysis suggests ET(A)-mediated constriction is appreciably greater without than with costimulation of ET(B) receptors. Possible explanations include ET-1 clearance by ET(B) receptors and/or a dilator ET(B) receptor function that counteracts constriction.
Chemical and enzymatic incorporation of N<sup>2</sup>-(<i>p</i>-n-butylphenyl)-2′-deoxyguanosine into an oligodeoxyribonucleotide (1992)

An 18mer oligodeoxyribonucleotide containing a N2-(p-n-butylphenyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine (BuPdG) residue at the 3' end has been synthesized by both chemical and enzymatic methods. Chemical synthesis involved attachment of 5'-DMT-BuPdG as the 3'-H-phosphonate to uridine-controlled pore glass (CPG), followed by extension via H-phosphonate chemistry. After oxidation of the backbone, deprotection of bases, and removal from CPG, the uridine residue was removed by periodate cleavage and beta-elimination. The resulting oligomer 3'-phosphate was digested with alkaline phosphatase to give the free BuPdG-18mer. E.coli DNA polymerase I (Klenow) incorporated BuPdGTP at the 3' end of the corresponding 17mer primer annealed to a complementary 29mer template, and the properties of this product were identical to those of chemically synthesized BuPdG-18mer. E.coli DNA polymerase I (Klenow) was unable to extend the BuPdG-18mer, and the 3' to 5' exonuclease activity of the enzyme was unable to remove the modified nucleotide.
Average Bridge Consensus: Dealing With Active-Passive Sensors (2015)

In network average consensus problems, a failure, in which a node cannot provide the initial value, but can communicate with its neighbors gives rise to the bridge consensus problem. In its formulation, the failed node serves as a bridge which maintains the network communication connectivity, and its failure to provide the value does not impact the capability of the rest of the network nodes to reach a consensus. The proposed bridge consensus solution can deal with multiple failing nodes and large networks in a scalable manner. The solution properties are proven and illustrated by a numerical example.
The SmartVision local navigation aid for blind and visually impaired persons (2011)

The SmartVision prototype is a small, cheap and easily wearable navigation aid for blind and visually impaired persons. Its functionality addresses global navigation for guiding the user to some destiny, and local navigation for negotiating paths, sidewalks and corridors, with avoidance of static as well as moving obstacles. Local navigation applies to both in- and outdoor situations. In this article we focus on local navigation: the detection of path borders and obstacles in front of the user and just beyond the reach of the white cane, such that the user can be assisted in centering on the path and alerted to looming hazards. Using a stereo camera worn at chest height, a portable computer in a shoulder-strapped pouch or pocket and only one earphone or small speaker, the system is inconspicuous, it is no hindrence while walking with the cane, and it does not block normal surround sounds. The vision algorithms are optimised such that the system can work at a few frames per second.