gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drug delivery systems for the future. (1994)

Parenteral drug delivery systems have the potential to make drugs both safer and more effective. While research in this field has been active for over 30 years, the current fiscal constraints of health care delivery add a greater degree of urgency to finding a working system. The three competing technologies currently under development include prodrug or zymogen-like systems, simple soluble macromolecular systems, and complex particulate multicomponent systems. In this review, the advantages, disadvantages, and areas for further development of these three basic technology systems are compared and contrasted; the biophysical constraints are considered; and a model solution system using surface modified nanocrystalline ceramics is described.
GRB 081028: optical observations at the NOT. (2008)

Single-minded homologue 1 (SIM1) is a transcription factor with numerous different physiological and developmental functions. SIM1 is a member of the class I basic helix-loop-helix-PER-ARNT-SIM (bHLH-PAS) transcription factor family, that includes several other conserved proteins, including the hypoxia-inducible factors, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, neuronal PAS proteins, and the CLOCK circadian regulator. Recent studies of HIF-a-ARNT and CLOCK-BMAL1 protein complexes have revealed the organization of their bHLH, PASA, and PASB domains and provided insight into how these heterodimeric protein complexes form; however, experimental structures for SIM1 have been lacking. Here, we describe the first full-length atomic structural model for human SIM1 with its binding partner ARNT in a heterodimeric complex and analyze several pathogenic variants utilizing state-of-the-art simulations and algorithms. Using local and global positional deviation metrics, deductions to the structural basis for the individual mutants are addressed in terms of the deleterious structural reorganizations that could alter protein function. We propose new experiments to probe these hypotheses and examine an interesting SIM1 dynamic behavior. The conformational dynamics demonstrates conformational changes on local and global regions that represent a mechanism for dysfunction in variants presented. In addition, we used our ab initio hybrid model for further prediction of variant hotspots that can be engineered to test for counter variant (restoration of wild-type function) or basic research probe.
X-ray fluorescence analysis with high energy resolution (1996)

The analysis of x-ray fluorescence lines with total energy resolution of 1 eV or better can provide detailed information on the electronic structure of the sample in addition to quantitative elemental analysis of the sample. A perfect crystal spectrometer was developed for this purpose. Preliminary results from a series of chromium oxides will be presented.
Identification of a Novel Testis-Specific Leucine-Rich Protein in Humans and Mice1 (2000)

A novel testis-specific protein, termed LRTP, was identified by screening both human and mouse testis and mouse pachytene spermatocyte cDNA libraries. Sequence analyses (GenBank accession number: AF092208) revealed that LRTP contains an amino terminus leucine-rich repeat domain. There are several acidic regions rich in glutamic acid in the C-terminus. The sequence, by GenBank search, shows similarities to LANP and SDS22+, leucine-rich repeat proteins localized to the nucleus and involved in the regulation of protein phosphatases. In mouse, the mRNA is first detected at about Day 14 postpartum, presumably when mid-pachytene spermatocytes are first seen. In situ hybridization confirmed the expression of the LRTP mRNA at this stage of spermatogenesis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the protein is most abundant in the cytoplasm of pachytene and diplotene cells, corresponding to late prophase of meiosis I. Immunohistochemical localization is markedly reduced in secondary spermatocytes, suggesting a functional association of LRTP with meiosis. An LRTP cDNA probe did not bind to mouse ovary RNA in a dot blot assay.
The protective action of betaine on the deleterious effects of NaCl on preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro (1993)

The development of outbred mouse (CF1) zygotes in vitro has been studied using medium SOM in which the concentrations of NaCl (85, 105, 125 mM), glutamine (0, 1, 2 mM), and betaine (0, 1, 2 mM) were varied. The effects of the compounds were studied using a 3(3) factorial experimental arrangement. The inhibitory effect of relatively high concentrations of NaCl and the protective effect of glutamine were confirmed. Betaine, an organic osmolyte, can also protect against the deleterious effects of relatively high concentrations of NaCl. The intracellular contents of potassium and sodium have also been measured in single zygotes using X-ray electron probe spectrometry. When medium SOM contains 85 mM or 125 mM NaCl, the intracellular content of Na rises and the content of K decreases. These changes are partially reduced in the presence of 125 mM NaCl if betaine is also in the medium. Betaine has no effect on the intracellular content of K and Na if the concentration of NaCl is 85 mM. These results suggest that organic osmolytes may be required in embryo culture media to prevent excessive changes in the intracellular ionic concentration.
Cytochromes and Psychotropic Drug Interactions (1996)

The cytochrome p450 enzymes in the liver were discovered about 40 years ago. Soon after, it was found that these enzymes could be induced by various drugs whose metabolism would then be accelerated. Over the years, more and more subtypes of cytochromes have been characterised. A recent listing contained over 30 Of these, a few appear to be of particular importance in the metabolism of commonly-used psychotropic drugs (von Moltke et a!, 1994). Furthermore, predictions can now be made con cerning potentially troublesome drug interactions (Murray, 1992), especially those involving anti depressants.
Leukocyte‐Cell Adhesion: A Molecular Process Fundamental in Leukocyte Physiology (1990)

Leukocyte-cell adhesion is a form of physical contact characterized by fast (firm) stickiness between the cells. To analyze the biology and molecular basis of this process, an adhesion-specific assay was developed: the phorbol ester-induced aggregation of human lymphocytes. This rapid and antigen-independent intercellular adhesion requires cellular metabolism, an intact cytoskeleton and extracellular divalent cations, and is mediated by preformed cell-surface proteins referred to as CAMs. Phorbol ester also induces aggregation of monocytes and granulocytes, as well as adhesion of T lymphocytes to either B cells or monocytes and of the leukocytes to vascular endothelial cells. By using the adhesion-specific assay and blocking monoclonal antibodies, several CAMs have been identified, namely the Leu-CAM family (CD11a-c/CD18) and ICAM-1 (CD54). The Leu-CAM family is composed of Leu-CAMa (CD11a/CD18), Leu-CAMb (CD11b/CD18) and Leu-CAMc (CD11c/CD18), three glycoprotein heterodimers made of a common beta-chain and distinct alpha-chains. ICAM-1 is an adhesive ligand for Leu-CAMa. Expression and use of the various CAMs is selective in different types of leukocytes. The Leu-CAMs have been purified and partially characterized. CD18, whose gene is on human chromosome 21, contains 5-6 N-linked complex-type oligosaccharides, and CD11 binds Ca++. Another adhesion pathway is mediated by CD2 and CD58. CD2, a glycoprotein selectively expressed by T cells, is a receptor for CD58, a cell-surface adhesive ligand with broad tissue distribution. Antibodies to the latter CAMs do not block the phorbol ester-induced lymphocyte aggregation. Adhesion is involved in a large variety of leukocyte functions. Anti-Leu-CAM antibodies block induction of IL-2 production and lymphocyte proliferation. Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity is also inhibited. Endogenous NK and LAK cells use Leu-CAMs, ICAM-1 and CD2, and sometimes RGD receptors, to bind and kill tumor cells. Endogenous compounds such as H2O2 and LTB4 also induce Leu-CAM-dependent adhesion in monocytoid cells and granulocytes, respectively, and degranulation of the latter cells is enhanced by the adhesion process. Homologous CAMs have been identified in rabbit and mouse. In in vivo studies in the former species, anti-Leu-CAM antibodies block adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelium and thereby their migration into extravascular tissues. The antibodies thus inhibit granulocyte accumulation and plasma leakage in inflammatory lesions, and induce lympho- and granulocytosis, indicating that cell-adhesion contributes to the distribution of leukocytes in the body.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
TWO SIMULATION STUDIES OF PRECISION RUNWAY MONITORING OF INDEPENDENT APPROACHES TO CLOSELY SPACED PARALLEL RUNWAYS. (1993)

This report documents the findings of two simulation studies of air traffic controller reaction to the Precision Runway Monitor (PRM). The PRM is a new system for monitoring independent approaches, to closely spaced parallel runways. It consists of a radar which has higher accuracy and a faster update interval than the current system. The PRM radar is accompanied by a high- resolution color display which provides automated visual and vocal warnings to alert controllers of impending and actual penetration of a 'No Transgression Zone' between parallel runways. The studies, were conducted in order to determine the effects of key variables on controller reaction time and to determine controller opinion on system acceptability. Study I examined the use of the PRM when the runway separation was both 3,400 ft and 4,300 ft. Study II examined the use of the PRM when the runway separation was 3,000 ft. Real-time simulated approach blunders were presented to controllers, and measurements of their reaction times were recorded and analyzed. Independent variables studied included sensor update interval, runway separation, deviation angle, deviation range, flight path condition, approach blunder type, and controller experience level. In addition, controller opinions of the PRM were surveyed. Findings regarding the effects of each of the variables are reported. Survey results of controller opinion are reported. Recommendations for enhancing the realism of the simulation and recommendations of issues for future study are discussed.... Precision runway monitoring, Parallel runways, Air traffic control, Reaction time.
SiGe HBT and BiCMOS process integration optimization within the DOTSEVEN project (2015)

This paper describes the technology development activities within the European funding project DOTSEVEN done by Infineon and IHP. After half of the project duration Infineon has developed a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology with f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> of 250 GHz and f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> of 370 GHz. State-of-the-art MMIC performance is demonstrated by a 77 GHz automotive radar transmitter. The suitability of IHṔs advanced SiGe HBT module with epitaxial base link for future industrial BiCMOS platforms is demonstrated by integrating it in Infineon's 130 nm process resulting in an f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> of 500 GHz, 1.8 ps gate delay and a record 161 GHz static frequency divider. IHP has achieved an f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> of 570 GHz for the first time using an HBT concept with non-selective epitaxial base deposition and an elevated extrinsic base.
Internationalisierung des Strafrechts und Strafrechtswissenschaft: Nationale und universale Strafrechtswissenschaft (2004)

Article Internationalisierung des Strafrechts und Strafrechtswissenschaft: Nationale und universale Strafrechtswissenschaft was published on December 1, 2004 in the journal Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft (volume 116, issue 4).
Iron(II)-induced activation of hydrogen peroxide to ferryl ion (FeO2+) and singlet oxygen (1O2) in acetonitrile: monoxygenations, dehydrogenations, and dioxygenations of organic substrates (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIron(II)-induced activation of hydrogen peroxide to ferryl ion (FeO2+) and singlet oxygen (1O2) in acetonitrile: monoxygenations, dehydrogenations, and dioxygenations of organic substratesHiroshi Sugimoto and Donald T. SawyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 15, 4283–4285Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00327a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00327a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views915Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prevention and treatment of ovarian hyperstimulation (1993)

Journal Article Prevention and treatment of ovarian hyperstimulation Get access Ibrahim Wada, Ibrahim Wada Bourn Hall Clinic, Bourn, Cambridge CB3 7TR, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael Macnamee, Michael Macnamee Bourn Hall Clinic, Bourn, Cambridge CB3 7TR, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Peter Brinsden Peter Brinsden Bourn Hall Clinic, Bourn, Cambridge CB3 7TR, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Reproduction, Volume 8, Issue 12, 1 December 1993, Pages 2245–2246, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138012 Published: 01 December 1993
Modified Overlap-Add and Overlap-Save Convolution Algorithms for Real Signals (2006)

Modified overlap-save and overlap-add algorithms for filtering a real signal by an N-tap finite impulse response filter are delineated. These algorithms compute two N-sample output blocks simultaneously at every processing step using 2N-point transforms, while the traditional methods compute only one N-sample block with the same length transforms. They achieve streamline processing for real signals but incur an additional delay of N samples
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Reaction of 1,2‐Allenic Ketone with α‐Halo Ketone or α‐Halo Ester in Water: An Efficient and Sustainable Synthesis of 1,3,4′‐Tricarbonyl Compounds. (2012)

Abstract It is further noticed that with 1,4‐diaryl‐buta‐2,3‐dien‐1‐ones, e.g. (IV), 2‐allenyl‐1,4‐diketones (V) rather than their 1,3,4′‐tricarbonyl counterparts are obtained.
The Effect of Alternating Electric Fields on the Excitation of a Strontium Sulfide Phosphor (1954)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text W. Low, J. T. Steinberger, and E. A. Braun, "The Effect of Alternating Electric Fields on the Excitation of a Strontium Sulfide Phosphor," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44, 504-505 (1954) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Band offsets of La2O3 on (0001) GaN grown by reactive molecular-beam epitaxy (2013)

La2O3 films were prepared on (0001)-oriented GaN substrates via reactive molecular-beam epitaxy. Film orientation and phase were assessed using reflection high-energy electron and X-ray diffraction. Films were observed to grow as predominantly hexagonal La2O3 for thicknesses less than 10 nm while film thickness greater than 10 nm favored mixed cubic and hexagonal symmetries. Band offsets were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on hexagonally symmetric films and valence band offsets of 0.63 ± 0.04 eV at the La2O3/GaN interface were measured. A conduction band offset of approximately 1.5 eV could be inferred from the measured valence band offset.
Dynamic capsule restructuring by the main pneumococcal autolysin LytA in response to the epithelium (2016)

Bacterial pathogens produce complex carbohydrate capsules to protect against bactericidal immune molecules. Paradoxically, the pneumococcal capsule sensitizes the bacterium to antimicrobial peptides found on epithelial surfaces. Here we show that upon interaction with antimicrobial peptides, encapsulated pneumococci survive by removing capsule from the cell surface within minutes in a process dependent on the suicidal amidase autolysin LytA. In contrast to classical bacterial autolysis, during capsule shedding, LytA promotes bacterial survival and is dispersed circumferentially around the cell. However, both autolysis and capsule shedding depend on the cell wall hydrolytic activity of LytA. Capsule shedding drastically increases invasion of epithelial cells and is the main pathway by which pneumococci reduce surface bound capsule during early acute lung infection of mice. The previously unrecognized role of LytA in removing capsule to combat antimicrobial peptides may explain why nearly all clinical isolates of pneumococci conserve this enzyme despite the lethal selective pressure of antibiotics.
A novel lineage restricted, pericyte-like cell line isolated from human embryonic stem cells (2016)

Pericytes (PCs) are endothelium-associated cells that play an important role in normal vascular function and maintenance. We developed a method comparable to GMP quality protocols for deriving self-renewing perivascular progenitors from the human embryonic stem cell (hESC), line ESI-017. We identified a highly scalable, perivascular progenitor cell line that we termed PC-A, which expressed surface markers common to mesenchymal stromal cells. PC-A cells were not osteogenic or adipogenic under standard differentiation conditions and showed minimal angiogenic support function in vitro. PC-A cells were capable of further differentiation to perivascular progenitors with limited differentiation capacity, having osteogenic potential (PC-O) or angiogenic support function (PC-M), while lacking adipogenic potential. Importantly, PC-M cells expressed surface markers associated with pericytes. Moreover, PC-M cells had pericyte-like functionality being capable of co-localizing with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and enhancing tube stability up to 6 days in vitro. We have thus identified a self-renewing perivascular progenitor cell line that lacks osteogenic, adipogenic and angiogenic potential but is capable of differentiation toward progenitor cell lines with either osteogenic potential or pericyte-like angiogenic function. The hESC-derived perivascular progenitors described here have potential applications in vascular research, drug development and cell therapy.
[Usefulness of monitoring forehead deep-tissue temperature as an index of core temperature in adult patients undergoing laparotomies under general anesthesia--investigation in operating rooms with air-movement control system using vertical flow]. (2003)

The forehead deep-tissue temperature has sufficient accuracy and precision for clinical use in operating rooms with air-movement control system using vertical flow. However, the core temperature appears to be slightly underestimated with the forehead deep-tissue thermometry.
CXXXII.—Cyclic di- and tri-ketones (1910)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Fuzzing Wi-Fi Drivers to Locate Security Vulnerabilities (2008)

Wireless LANs (WLAN) are becoming ubiquitous, as more and more consumer electronic equipments start to support them. This creates new security concerns, since hackers no longer need physical connection to the networks linking the devices, but only need to be in their proximity, to send malicious data to exploit some vulnerability. In this paper we present a fuzzer, called Wdev-Fuzzer, which can be utilized to locate security vulnerabilities in Wi-Fi device drivers. Our experiments with a Windows Mobile 5 device indicate that Wdev-Fuzzer can be quite effective in confirming known issues and discovering previously unknown problems.
A framework for distributed debugging (1990)

The authors provide a general picture of current research in distributed debugging. Rather than an exhaustive survey of the area, they present a view of the issues and solutions based on a proposed framework for distributed debugging systems. They concentrate on runtime debugging. However, they stress that static debugging and runtime debugging complement each other and that neither should be overlooked.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On turbo equalization of interleaved space-time codes (2002)

Space-time coding over frequency selective time-varying fading channels is considered. The approach is based on deploying bit/symbol interleaved space-time codes. Decoding is based on the iterative concatenation of a soft-in soft-out MIMO equalizer with a soft-in soft-out decoder. The equalizer structure comprises a bank of matched filters followed by a maximum a posteriori processor with an appropriate metric. It does not require multiple receive antennas. Methods to reduce its complexity are devised. Finally, performance results are shown for ST bit-interleaved convolutional codes designed for the EDGE air interface with two transmit-single receive antennas.
Preparation and Evaluation of a Decolorizing Char from Bagasse (1922)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Evaluation of a Decolorizing Char from BagasseC. E. COATESCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1922, 14, 4, 295–298Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1922Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1922https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50148a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50148a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Insomnia Symptoms and Risk for Unintentional Fatal Injuries—The HUNT Study (2014)

Insomnia is a major contributor to both unintentional fatal injuries in general as well as fatal motor vehicle injuries. Increasing public health awareness about insomnia and identifying persons with insomnia may be important in preventing unintentional fatal injuries.