gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reversible SMA actuator for micron sized robot (2002)

A micron-sized robot using reversible shape-memory alloys (RSMA) is proposed. A larger active bending frame using larger-sized RSMA is analyzed and its homogeneous transformation matrix is derived. A SCARA robot using two larger-sized RSMAs was made and controlled by electrical current. It is shown that thin film of reversible TiNi alloy for a micron-sized robot could be made by a magnetron sputtering method and by heat treatment methods, and that the frequency response of 10- mu m-thick thin film of reversible TiNi alloy is about 5 Hz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Very high efficiency solar cell modules (2008)

Abstract The Very High Efficiency Solar Cell (VHESC) program is developing integrated optical system–PV modules for portable applications that operate at greater than 50% efficiency. We are integrating the optical design with the solar cell design, and have entered previously unoccupied design space. Our approach is driven by proven quantitative models for the solar cell design, the optical design, and the integration of these designs. Optical systems efficiency with an optical efficiency of 93% and solar cell device results under ideal dichroic splitting optics summing to 42·7 ± 2·5% are described. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New approach to obtain high resolution using conventional block designs in PET (2006)

High spatial resolution is essential to image small lesions in positron emission tomography. Traditional methods suggest using small crystals to obtain high resolution. In this study, a new method is introduced to achieve high spatial resolution by using scintillators with different decay times arranged in a checkerboard pattern. Pulse shape discrimination was implemented to determine which crystal the gamma energy was deposited. In this work, a 13/spl times/13 LSO crystal array and a 13/spl times/13 LSO-GSO checkerboard crystal array using 4/spl times/4/spl times/20 mm/sup 3/ crystals were built and optimized using light sharing techniques. Similarly, using 2.5/spl times/2.5/spl times/19 mm/sup 3/ LSO and LYSO crystals, a 17/spl times/17 LSO-LYSO checkerboard crystal array was built as a high-resolution application. The average pixel energy resolution for the 13/spl times/13 LSO was measured to be 14.5%. Similarly, the average pixel resolutions for the GSO part of the 13/spl times/13 LSO-GSO crystal array and the LSO part of the same array were measured to be 13.9% and 18.5%, respectively. The average crystal energy resolutions for the LSO and LYSO parts of the 17/spl times/17 LSO-LYSO crystal array were measured to be 23.5% and 24.2%, respectively. The average peak-to-valley ratios in the position profiles were measured to be 2.1 for the 13/spl times/13 LSO crystal array, 7.2 for the LSO part of the 13/spl times/13 LSO-GSO crystal array and 4.3 for the GSO part of the 13/spl times/13 LSO-GSO crystal array. Similarly, the average peak-to-valley ratios in the position profiles were measured to be 2.5 for the LSO part of the 17/spl times/17 LSO-LYSO crystal array and 2.7 for the LYSO part of the 17/spl times/17 LSO-LYSO crystal array.
Interfacial adhesion of copper-low k interconnects (2001)

Adhesion energies of Cu-low k dielectric interfaces, measured with the technique of four-point bending, show a correlation to chemical mechanical polish results. A limit of 5 J/m/sup 2/ is established, below which thin film delamination and cracking are observed. In general, spin-on polymer dielectrics exhibit better adhesion to barrier films than carbon-doped oxide dielectrics. PVD barriers exhibit better adhesion to low k dielectric films than CVD barriers. Surface treatments of the dielectric film before barrier deposition are found to strongly modulate CVD barrier to spin-on polymer adhesion.
Polymere Blausäure (1960)

Abstract Polymerer Cyanwasserstoff, üblicherweise als polymere Blausäure oder Azulminsäure bezeichnet, entsteht durch anionische Polymerisation von HCN in wäßriger Lösung. Die Reaktion verläuft über dimere Blausäure (Iminoacetonitril). Gleichzeitig findet zwischen γ‐ständigen Nitril‐Gruppen Ringschluß statt, wodurch das kettenförmige Polymer stabilisiert wird. Die Bruttozusammensetzung der polymeren Blausäure weicht von der Formel (HCN) x durch einen mehr oder minder großen Sauerstoff‐Gehalt ab. Der Sauerstoff stammt aus Reaktionen mit dem Lösungsmittel. Die Beobachtung, daß polymere Blausäure Metallsalze, insbesondere Edelmetallsalze, in hoher Konzentration reversibel anzulagern vermag, macht sie zu einer technisch interessanten Verbindung.
East Timor as violence descended: Testimonies from East Timorese refugees (2000)

The following accounts from East Timorese refugees—presented in a combination of verbatim testimony and shorter and longer narratives—represent a small selection of the testimonies gathered by Amnesty International in interviews conducted in Darwin, Australia, in September 1999.
Scene Identification using Discriminative Patterns (2006)

With the proliferation of camera phones, new information retrieval applications will emerge. The image of a scene captured by a camera phone can be a query to a remote server to identify the scene and return relevant information. But unconstrained scene identification is an open problem. In this paper, we propose a discriminative measure to rank image patterns sampled from target scene classes. Support vector classifiers are then trained using top discriminative patterns for scene identification using voting. We demonstrate our generic approach on two scene databases (ZuBuD and STOIC) with promising results.
Vehicle Object Detection Based on RGB-Camera and Radar Sensor Fusion (2019)

Object detection has always played a major role in the field of computer vision. With the development of faster region-based convolutional neural network (faster-RCNN), single shot multi-box detector (SSD), You Only Look Once (Yolo) and other deep learning networks, 2D object detection has been developed well developed. However, in some key areas, such as driverless vehicles and artificial intelligence robots, cannot meet the requirements of tasks just by detecting two dimensional (2D) objects. So we need to get the three dimensional (3D) position of the object. In 3D object detection, it is difficult to obtain object position information only by red-green-blue (RGB) image. There are some methods to get the 3D position of the target through the point cloud data set. Therefore, this paper proposes a deep learning network, which can combine both color image information and point cloud geometry information, while using MobileNet V3 as the backbone network greatly enhances the operation speed. The region proposal networks (RPN) layer in faster-RCNN is migrated to the network. After testing, the method proposed by us improves obviously in speed and recognition accuracy compared with the previous methods.
Affinity chromatography of bovine trypsin. A rapid separation of bovine α- and β-trypsin (1974)

Affinity adsorbents for bovine trypsin were prepared by covalently coupling p-(p'-amino-phenoxypropoxy)benzamidine to cellulose and to agarose. Trypsin binds to both adsorbents at pH6-8 and is released at low pH values or in the presence of n-butylamine hydrochloride. Pure beta-trypsin may be eluted from crude trypsin bound at pH8.0 to the cellulose adsorbent by stepwise elution with an acetate buffer, pH5.0. Both alpha- and beta-trypsin may be isolated by chromatography of crude trypsin on the agarose derivative in an acetate buffer, pH4.0. These two methods for purifying the trypsin are specific to the particular adsorbents. They are rapid and convenient in use. Both methods leave a mixture of the two enzymes bound to the adsorbent and release occurs only at low pH values. The effects of pH, composition and ionic strength of buffer and other variables on both purification methods are described. Affinity adsorbents of soya-bean trypsin inhibitor and of N-alpha-(N'-methyl-N'-sulphanilyl) sulphanilylagmatine bound to agarose were prepared, but were found to be of limited usefulness in the purification of trypsin.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Fetus: Physicists', Technologists' and Radiologists' Perspectives (2005)

Summary In utero magnetic resonance imaging has expanded from a research tool into everyday practise for many centres worldwide. This is predominantly for central nervous system abnormalities, but research is continuing on it's role in other body systems. The technique is dependent on radiographers, radiologists and physicists working together to optimise the sequences and reduce the time taken. Experience is essential on all aspects including the interpretation of the images. There is no doubt that it is a useful adjuvant to antenatal ultrasound in certain clinical situations. For optimal use a multidisciplinary team approach with detailed case discussion is essential.
Photoelectrochemical and Photoresponsive Properties of Bi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>Nanotube and Nanoparticle Thin Films (2010)

Bi2S3 nanotubes and nanoparticle in the form of thin films were deposited on fluorine doped SnO2 (FTO) coated conducting glass substrates by Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (AACVD) using tris-(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamato)bismuth(III), [Bi(S2CN(C2H5)2)3]2 (1) as a precursor. Thin films were deposited from solutions of (1) in either chloroform, dichloromethane, or a 1:1 mixture of chloroform and toluene at temperature between 350 to 450 °C and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV−vis spectroscopy, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. FEGSEM images of films deposited from chloroform or dichloromethane exhibit well-defined and evenly distributed nanotubes with an average internal diameter of 40 nm. Films deposited from chloroform/toluene, on the other hand, have compact nanostuctured morphology. Bandgaps of 1.85 and 1.8 eV were estimated for nanotubes and nanoparticles, respectively, by extrapolating the linear part of the Tauc plot recorded for the films. The n-type Bi2S3 thin films display a reasonable photoactivity under illumination and are thus promising candidates for photoelectrochemical applications. The photoelectrochemical characteristics recorded under AM 1.5 illumination indicated photocurrent density of 1.9 mA/cm2 and 1.0 mA/cm2 at 0.23 V versus Ag/AgCl/3 M KCl for the films deposited from chloroform and chloroform/toluene, respectively. The photocurrent is among the highest reported for any Bi2S3 photoelectrode to date. Repeated illumination cycles show that the Bi2S3 thin films display a reasonable photosensitivity and response indicating their potential to be used in photodetector and optoelectronic nanodevice applications.
House of correction (1885)

Journal Article House of correction Get access C. A. Ward C. A. Ward 1Haverstock Hill Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s6-XII, Issue 296, 29 August 1885, Page 168, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s6-XII.296.168a Published: 29 August 1885
Three-dimensional CoS<sub>2</sub>/RGO hierarchical architecture as superior-capability anode for lithium ion batteries (2015)

The porous three-dimensional CoS<sub>2</sub>/RGO (3DCG) anode exhibits outstanding cyclic stability, high specific capacity, and excellent high-rate performance.
Senile Dementia (1987)

Clinical Director, Geriatric Study & Treatment Program Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry NYU School of Medicine
The TileDB array data storage manager (2016)

We present a novel storage manager for multi-dimensional arrays that arise in scientific applications, which is part of a larger scientific data management system called TileDB. In contrast to existing solutions, TileDB is optimized for both dense and sparse arrays. Its key idea is to organize array elements into ordered collections called fragments. Each fragment is dense or sparse, and groups contiguous array elements into data tiles of fixed capacity. The organization into fragments turns random writes into sequential writes, and, coupled with a novel read algorithm, leads to very efficient reads. TileDB enables parallelization via multi-threading and multi-processing, offering thread-/process-safety and atomicity via lightweight locking. We show that TileDB delivers comparable performance to the HDF5 dense array storage manager, while providing much faster random writes. We also show that TileDB offers substantially faster reads and writes than the SciDB array database system with both dense and sparse arrays. Finally, we demonstrate that TileDB is considerably faster than adaptations of the Vertica relational column-store for dense array storage management, and at least as fast for the case of sparse arrays.
The High-Pressure Sodium Lamp (1986)

Introduction - General Considerations Concerning Power Balance and Spectrum - Spectrum and Related Discharge Properties - Power Balance and Related Discharge Properties - Influence of a Buffer Gas on Discharge Properties - Ignition and Stabilisation - High-Frequency and Pulse Operation - Discharge-Tube Material and Ceramic-to-Metal Seal - Electrodes - Lamp Design - References
The Initial Bending Behaviour of Plain-woven Fabrics (1993)

The relation between the flexural rigidity of a plain-woven fabric and the fabric and yarn parameters, such as thread spacing and crimp, yarn flexural rigidity, etc., is discussed. Some experimental data to test the theory are presented.
The binding of human and guinea-pig IgG subclasses to homologous macrophage and monocyte Fc receptors. (1978)

Ab initio calculations on the rearrangement aminonitrene ¿ trans-diimide are reported. It is shown that a bimolecular hydrogen exchange is much easier than a unimolecular 1,2 hydrogen shift: the reactions have activation energies of 4 and 94 kcal/mol, respectively. The hydrogen exchange starts from dimers which have a fairly large stabilization energy. Infrared and Raman frequencies of these dimers are calculated in order to facilitate experimental studies. Some striking similarities are indicated between diimide chemistry and the photochemistry of formaldehyde. It is shown that results from one field are transferable to the other one. From this, some new experiments are suggested.
Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Phenylation of Ketones with a Constrained Geometry Titanium Catalyst. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
System overview and applications of a panoramic imaging perimeter sensor (2002)

This paper presents an overview of the design and potential applications of a 360-degree scanning, multi-spectral intrusion detection sensor. This moderate-resolution, true panoramic imaging sensor is intended for exterior use at ranges from 50 to 1500 meters. This Advanced Exterior Sensor (AES) simultaneously uses three sensing technologies (infrared, visible, and radar) along with advanced data processing methods to provide low false-alarm intrusion detection, tracking, and immediate visual assessment. The images from the infrared and visible detector sets and the radar range data are updated as the sensors rotate once per second. The radar provides range data with one-meter resolution. This sensor has been designed for easy use and rapid deployment to cover wide areas beyond or in place of typical perimeters, and tactical applications around fixed or temporary high-value assets. AES prototypes are in development. Applications discussed in this paper include replacements, augmentations, or new installations at fixed sites where topological features, atmospheric conditions, environmental restrictions, ecological regulations, and archaeological features limit the use of conventional security components and systems.
Characterization of ATP and DNA Binding Activities of TrwB, the Coupling Protein Essential in Plasmid R388 Conjugation (1999)

TrwB is the conjugative coupling protein of plasmid R388. TrwBDeltaN70 contains the soluble domain of TrwB. It was constructed by deletion of trwB sequences containing TrwB N-proximal transmembrane segments. Purified TrwBDeltaN70 protein bound tightly the fluorescent ATP analogue TNP-ATP (K(s) = 8.7 microM) but did not show measurable ATPase or GTPase activity. A single ATP binding site was found per TrwB monomer. An intact ATP-binding site was essential for R388 conjugation, since a TrwB mutant with a single amino acid alteration in the ATP-binding signature (K136T) was transfer-deficient. TrwBDeltaN70 also bound DNA nonspecifically. DNA binding enhanced TrwC nic cleavage, providing the first evidence that directly links TrwB with conjugative DNA processing. Since DNA bound by TrwBDeltaN70 also showed increased negative superhelicity (as shown by increased sensitivity to topoisomerase I), nic cleavage enhancement was assumed to be a consequence of the increased single-stranded nature of DNA around nic. The mutant protein TrwB(K136T)DeltaN70 was indistinguishable from TrwBDeltaN70 with respect to the above properties, indicating that TrwB ATP binding activity is not required for them. The reported properties of TrwB suggest potential functions for conjugative coupling proteins, both as triggers of conjugative DNA processing and as motors in the transport process.
Efficient Motion Vector Recovery Algorithm for H.264 Using B-Spline Approximation (2010)

The H.264 encoded video is highly sensitive to loss of motion vectors during transmission. Several statistical techniques are proposed for recovering such lost motion vectors. These use only the motion vectors that belong to the macroblocks that are horizontally or vertically adjacent to the lost macroblock, to recover the latter. Intuitively this is one of the main reasons behind why these techniques yield inferior solutions in scenarios where there is a non-linear motion. This paper proposes B-Spline based statistical techniques that comprehensively address the motion vector recovery problem in the presence of different types of motions that include slow, fast/sudden, continuous and non-linear movements. Testing the proposed algorithms with different benchmark video sequences shows an average improvement of up to 2 dB in the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio of some of the recovered videos, over existing techniques. A 2 dB improvement in PSNR is very significant from an application point of view.
Linearity of low microwave noise AlGaN/GaN HEMTs (2002)

The linearity of low microwave noise AlGaN/GaN HEMTs was evaluated with two-tone excitation measurements at optimum low noise biases. A 0.15×100 µm2 device yields an output third-order intercept point (OIP3) of 23 dBm at Vds=3 V, and Vgs=−5V, where a noise figure (NF) of 1.0 and 1.75 dB was obtained at 10 and 20 GHz, respectively. The C/IM3, linearity figure-of-merit under the large RF signals, saturates near −28 dBc as Vds becomes greater than the knee voltage. Both applied bias and gate periphery dependence of the linearity were evaluated. Realisation of highly linear low-noise GaN HEMTs is feasible.
<title>Field deployment of a LIBS probe for rapid delineation of metals in soils</title> (1996)

A fiber optic probe for use in the in situ delineation of subsurface metal contamination is described. The probe is based on the technique of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and is designed for deployment via a standard cone penetrometer truck. Initial measurements of the detection limits of the probe on Pb and Cr contaminated sands are in the low ppm range.
A method of producing an unmodulated laser output at a controlled frequency (1966)

The system described permits the wavelength of a helium-neon laser to be controlled at any value within the available bandwidth. A second laser, used as a reference, has its wavelength controlled at a specific value, e.g. the peak of the intensity profile, and beats between the two radiations are used to generate a correcting signal for the first laser. The resulting wavelength-stabilized output is free of modulation and can be used for long distance interferometry.
Optimal Tracking Controller Design for Invariant Dynamics Direct-Drive Arms (1986)

This paper presents an optimal solution to the problem of tracking controller design for a category of direct-drive robot arms, mechanically constructed to have invariant and decoupled joint actuator dynamics. The controller acts on joint actuators consisting of d.c. servo motors driven via servo amplifiers containing an analog current feedback loop. For good tracking behavior, the controller uses future reference positions of a joint to anticipate the changes in reference velocity. An explicit acceleration feedforward term is avoided improving the power to noise ratio of the control signal. For good regulation behavior, the controller uses position and velocity feedback. An integral of error term is also avoided, reducing the probability of the occurrence of limit cycle oscillations caused by saturation of the actuator torque rating. The correlations between the classical and the optimal design parameters are discussed using transient response analysis followed by experimental observations.
Memory effect in thin films of insulating polymer and C<sub>60</sub> nanocomposites (2005)

We describe the use of C60 fullerene molecules as the charge storage medium in an insulating poly-vinyl-phenol (PVP) polymer. The simple metal–organic–metal (MOM) sandwich structure devices deposited from solution exhibit distinct high and low conduction states, which can be used to program read, write and erase memory operations. The charge transfer and retention in C60 molecules at room temperature has been confirmed by capacitance–voltage and Raman spectroscopy measurements. Conducting atomic force microscopy has been used to demonstrate that high and low conductance states persist even at the nanoscale.
The Weaver System for Document Retrieval. (1999)

This paper introduces Weaver, a probabilistic document retrieval system under development at Carnegie Mellon University, and discusses its performance in the TREC-8 ad hoc evaluation. We begin by describing the architecture and philosophyoftheWeaver system, which represents a departure from traditional approaches to retrieval. The central ingredient is a statistical model of how a user might distill or &quot;translate&quot; a given documentinto a query. The retrieval-as-translation approach is based on the noisy channel paradigm and statistical language modeling, and has much in common with other recently proposed models [12, 10]. After the initial high-level overview, the bulk of the paper contains a discussion of implementation details and the empirical performance of the Weaver retrieval system. 1 Introduction This paper introduces the Weaver system for document retrieval, and discusses its performance on the TREC-8 ad hoc retrieval task. Weaver represents a significant departure f...
Effect of creatine kinase-MM subtype composition on a CK-MB immunoinhibition assay. (1988)

Immunoinhibition (INH) by use of polyclonal anti-human CK-M antibody may be used to measure CK-MB in serum. Previous studies have shown that inhibiting antibodies prepared against purified muscle extracts may inhibit CK-MM by greater than 99%. Using patients' sera and muscle homogenates incubated with human serum, we studied the effect of CK-MM subtype composition on an INH assay. We found that with increasing time from the CK-releasing event, e.g., myocardial infarction, or with longer in vitro incubation, the proportion of CK-MM1 increased and the proportion of uninhibited CK-MM increased from 0.2% to 0.7-0.8%. As a consequence, CK-MB activity may be overestimated by as much as 1.6% of total CK when uncorrected INH results are used. Inhibition was maximal in samples containing 100% CK-MM3, the tissue subtype. Because of the time-dependent change in CK-MM subtypes, published results for INH from studies in which CK-MM purified from muscle was used may not be directly applicable to clinical specimens.