gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Web Based Track Geometry Data for Condition Monitoring and Degradation Modelling (2002)

Traditionally most railway maintenance organisations use a track geometry recording vehicle to identify safety issues related to track condition. Most just use the list of priority exceedances to drive repair and renewal programs. Some organisations have begun using all the data rather than just the exceedances to make longer term decisions and to monitor degradation of the track. This paper describes the development of such a system by the Rail Infrastructure Corporation (RIC) over the past two years called SmartTrack. SmartTrack is a web based tool used by RIC engineers to plan tamping and ballast cleaning programs across their maintenance areas. The paper deals with the work processes that revolve around the use of the system but also some of the detailed data issues of how signal matching of recording runs was achieved so that changes in a track segment could be compared over time to calculate track degradation rates. How these degradation rates are then used to predict future condition and work programs is presented. The integration of SmartTrack with several other RIC asset management systems is described and the advantages and efficiencies that a web based tool have brought to RIC are also discussed.
Parkinson&#39;s disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia (2014)

When l-dopa use began in the early 1960s for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, nausea and reversible dyskinesias were experienced as continuing side effects. Carbidopa or benserazide was added to l-dopa in 1975 solely to control nausea. Subsequent to the increasing use of carbidopa has been the recognition of irreversible dyskinesias, which have automatically been attributed to l-dopa. The research into the etiology of these phenomena has identified the causative agent of the irreversible dyskinesias as carbidopa, not l-dopa. The mechanism of action of the carbidopa and benserazide causes irreversible binding and inactivation of vitamin B6 throughout the body. The consequences of this action are enormous, interfering with over 300 enzyme and protein functions. This has the ability to induce previously undocumented profound antihistamine dyskinesias, which have been wrongly attributed to l-dopa and may be perceived as irreversible if proper corrective action is not taken.
Fully redundant clock generation and distribution with dynamic oscillator switchover (2007)

This paper describes a fully redundant clock generation and distribution approach with a fully dynamic switchover capability and concurrent repair. It highlights the challenges as the design evolved from a single source, to a “cold” standby backup, and finally to a fully redundant transparent switchover with no interruption of the workloads running on an IBM System z9™. The function split between hardware and the various levels of firmware is described, including the methods to determine the defect component in the clock distribution paths. Finally, we describe the joint effort with a major chip technology vendor to design and develop the necessary circuitry, according to the z9™ requirements, for clock synchronization and switching.
Active FOXO1 Is a Key Determinant of Isoform-Specific Progesterone Receptor Transactivation and Senescence Programming (2015)

This study indicates FOXO1 as a critical component for progesterone signaling to promote cellular senescence and reveals a novel mechanism for transcription factor control of hormone sensitivity.
Photoanisotropic Red Light Sensitive Dye - Polymer Systems (1990)

Disazobenzols are dyes of the type: Y X-cc:-N=N a N=N 0 Z Like in monoazobenzols, their molecules exist both in trans- and cis-forms, irradiation with light in the transabsorption band causing transcisisomerization. This changes the absorption spectrum (hence, the refractive index) of the samples, and therefore, such systems can be used for optical recording. Normally, the transabsorption band of these dyes is in the longer wavelengths than that of monoazodyes. The aim of our investigation was to produce a rigid solution of a dye in a polymer, suitable for optical recording in the red region. Most suitable among the great number of investigated dyes proved to be:
Bromierung ungesättigter Verbindungen mit <i>N</i> ‐Brom‐acetamid, ein Beitrag zur Lehre vom Verlauf chemischer Vorgänge (1919)

d r a z i n z u m Dinietti y I -p h e n y l -g l y o x a l i n . 1 g der wasserfrrien Verbiudung Cl,H1zONz wird rnit 2 g im Vakuum frisch destilliertem Phenylhydrazin etwa 'Ir Stunde lang vor-
American Interest in Cuba: 1848-1855. By Basil Rauch. [Studies in History, Economics and Public Law, no. 537]. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1948. Pp. 323. $3.75.) (1948)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Neurologic anomalies of Perrault syndrome (1996)

We report on an 18-year-old man with neurosensory hearing loss and his sister with neurosensory hearing loss, ovarian dysgenesis, mental retardation, generalized ataxia of the trunk and limbs, and saccadic dysmetria. A CT scan showed cerebellar hypoplasia. The cardinal manifestations of Perrault syndrome in females are neurosensory hearing loss and ovarian dysgenesis. Other anomalies, including neurologic and skeletal, have been reported in other individuals with Perrault syndrome. We review the neurologic anomalies in previous patients with Perrault syndrome. Neurologic data are available on 14 of 21 girls; 7 of 14 had neurologic abnormalities. The high incidence of neurologic anomalies suggest that ataxia or mental retardation may not be just coincidental findings, but pleiotropic manifestations of Perrault syndrome.
Synthetic Strategies for the Modification of Diclofenac (2017)

For many heterogeneous sensor applications as well as the synthesis of hapten antigens to produce antibodies, protein conjugates of the target substance are essential. A requirement is that the target substance already offers or is modified to contain a functionality that allows for coupling to a protein, that is, an amino acid residue. Ideally, to avoid shielding of the compound by the carrier protein, a sufficient distance to the protein surface should be provided. With its carboxyl function diclofenac (DCF) allows for direct binding to lysine residues after in situ synthesis of the NHS ester. One problem is that diclofenac as free acid tends to autocondensation, which results in low yields. Here we describe the ‘insertion’ of a C6 spacer via synthesis of the amide with 6-aminohexanoic acid. To carry out the reaction in solution, first the methyl ester of the amino acid had to be produced. Due to otherwise low yields and large cleaning efforts, solid-phase synthesis on Fmoc Ahx Wang resin is recommended. The crude product is mainly contaminated by cleavage products from the resin which were removed by chromatography. The structure of the highly pure hapten was completely determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
DOES FAMOTIDINE HAVE SIMILAR EFFICACY TO MISOPROSTOL IN THE TREATMENT OF NON‐STEROIDAL ANTI‐INFLAMMATORY DRUG‐INDUCED GASTROPATHY? (1998)

The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of famotidine, an H2 receptor blocker, and misoprostol, a prostaglandin E analogue, in the treatment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced (NSAID) gastropathy in arthritic patients. A total of 128 patients receiving piroxicam, sulindac, indomethacin, naproxen, tolmetin and aspirin were enrolled in the study. Gastroscopic examination was performed at the beginning and after eight weeks of randomised famotidine or misoprostol treatment. A standard scoring method for gastroscopic finding was applied. Forty-four patients with scores 1-3 were classified as group A; while the other 84 with score 4 (ulcer) were placed in group B. In group A, 26 received famotidine and 18 misoprostol. In group B, 36 received famotidine and 48 misoprostol. Biopsy specimens taken from the rim of the ulcer with adjacent normal mucosa were coded and tested for Helicobacter pylori. In group A, all but two patients taking famotidine recovered from NSAID gastropathy, and there was no statistical significance between the two drugs. In group B, all but four patients receiving famotidine improved and there was no statistical significance between the two subgroups for complete healing rate. The prevalence of H. pylori was 36.9%, lower than that in the general population. It was concluded that famotidine and misoprostol have similar efficacy in the treatment of NSAID gastropathy.
Three-dimensional reconstruction from cone-beam data in O(N<sup>3</sup>logN) time (1994)

We have used direct Fourier techniques to modify and implement the 3D reconstruction method from cone-beam projections proposed by Grangeat. In this way we manage to decrease the computational complexity from O(N4) to O(N3 log N). Just as Grangeat's original method is exact in the mathematical sense, so is our method, provided a complete set of projection data is acquired. Also in accordance with Grangeat, our algorithm consists of two distinct phases: phase 1, from cone-beam data to derivatives of Radon data; phase 2, from derivatives of Radon data to reconstructed 3D object. In phase 1 we use the direct Fourier method in reverse to obtain line integrals in the detector plane. In phase 2 the 2D linogram method is employed for reconstruction of vertical and horizontal planes in the Radon space.
Functional Crosstalk between Type I and II Interferon through the Regulated Expression of STAT1 (2010)

Autocrine priming of cells by small quantities of constitutively produced type I interferon (IFN) is a well-known phenomenon. In the absence of type I IFN priming, cells display attenuated responses to other cytokines, such as anti-viral protection in response to IFNgamma. This phenomenon was proposed to be because IFNalpha/beta receptor1 (IFNAR1) is a component of the IFNgamma receptor (IFNGR), but our new data are more consistent with a previously proposed model indicating that regulated expression of STAT1 may also play a critical role in the priming process. Initially, we noticed that DNA binding activity of STAT1 was attenuated in c-Jun(-/-) fibroblasts because they expressed lower levels of STAT1 than wild-type cells. However, expression of STAT1 was rescued by culturing c-Jun(-/-) fibroblasts in media conditioned by wild-type fibroblasts suggesting they secreted a STAT1-inducing factor. The STAT1-inducing factor in fibroblast-conditioned media was IFNbeta, as it was inhibited by antibodies to IFNAR1, or when IFNbeta expression was knocked down in wild-type cells. IFNAR1(-/-) fibroblasts, which cannot respond to this priming, also expressed reduced levels of STAT1, which correlated with their poor responses to IFNgamma. The lack of priming in IFNAR1(-/-) fibroblasts was compensated by over-expression of STAT1, which rescued molecular responses to IFNgamma and restored the ability of IFNgamma to induce protective anti-viral immunity. This study provides a comprehensive description of the molecular events involved in priming by type I IFN. Adding to the previous working model that proposed an interaction between type I and II IFN receptors, our work and that of others demonstrates that type I IFN primes IFNgamma-mediated immune responses by regulating expression of STAT1. This may also explain how type I IFN can additionally prime cells to respond to a range of other cytokines that use STAT1 (e.g., IL-6, M-CSF, IL-10) and suggests a potential mechanism for the changing levels of STAT1 expression observed during viral infection.
Xanthophyll biosynthesis in chromoplasts: isolation and molecular cloning of an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of 5,6‐epoxycarotenoid into ketocarotenoid (1994)

The late steps of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants involve the formation of xanthophylls. Little is known about the enzymology of these steps. This paper reports the purification to homogeneity of a xanthophyll biosynthetic enzyme from Capsicum annuum chromoplasts, which catalyzes the conversion of the ubiquitous 5,6-epoxycarotenoids, antheraxanthin and violaxanthin, into capsanthin and capsorubin, respectively. Owing to its bifunctionality, the name capsanthin-capsorubin synthase is proposed for this new enzyme. The purified enzyme is a monomer with a molecular mass of 50 kDa. Antibodies raised against this enzyme allowed the isolation of a full-length cDNA clone encoding a capsanthin capsorubin synthase high molecular weight precursor. The primary deduced structure reveals the presence of a consensus nucleotide binding site. The capsanthin-capsorubin synthase gene is specifically expressed during chromoplast development in fruits accumulating ketocarotenoids, but not in mutants impaired in this biosynthetic step.
A Decentralized Parallelization-in-Time Approach with Parareal (2015)

With steadily increasing parallelism for high-performance architectures, simulations requiring a good strong scalability are prone to be limited in scalability with standard spatial-decomposition strategies at a certain amount of parallel processors. This can be a show-stopper if the simulation results have to be computed with wallclock time restrictions (e.g.\,for weather forecasts) or as fast as possible (e.g. for urgent computing). Here, the time-dimension is the only one left for parallelization and we focus on Parareal as one particular parallelization-in-time method. We discuss a software approach for making Parareal parallelization transparent for application developers, hence allowing fast prototyping for Parareal. Further, we introduce a decentralized Parareal which results in autonomous simulation instances which only require communicating with the previous and next simulation instances, hence with strong locality for communication. This concept is evaluated by a prototypical solver for the rotational shallow-water equations which we use as a representative black-box solver.
Research Article: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling Studies of<i>N</i>‐aryl‐2‐arylthioacetamides as Non‐nucleoside HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (2010)

A series of N-aryl-2-arylthioacetamide derivatives (2-4) designed as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors was synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against HIV-1 (IIIB) replication in MT-4 cell cultures. The compounds 2-4 were performed by the reaction of thiols and 2-chloro-N-substituted-acetamides and active in the lower micromolar concentration (1.25-20.83 μM). The studies of structure-activity relationship suggested that 1H-benzo[d]imidazole ring at arylthio moiety strongly improved the anti-HIV activity and consistent with the experimental data. The results of molecular modeling and docking within the RT non-nucleoside binding site using AutoDock confirmed that the 3 series, similar to other non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as N-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-N'-[2-(4-ethoxy-3-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)ethyl]-thiourea (PETT), was assumed in a butterfly-like conformation and helped to rationalize some SARs and the biological activity data.
Mouse sperm chromatin proteins: quantitative isolation and partial characterization (1977)

<p>In numerous industrial applications, the microstructure of materials is critical for performance. However, finite element models tend to average out the microstructure. Hence, finite element simulations are often unsuitable for optimisation of the microstructure. The present paper presents a modelling technique that addresses this limitation for superabsorbent polymers with a partially cross-linked surface layer. These are widely used in the industry for a variety of functions. Different designs of the cross-linked layer have different material properties, influencing the performance of the hydrogel. In this work, the effects of intrinsic properties on the fracture nucleation and propagation in cross-linked hydrogels are studied. The numerical implementation for crack propagation and nucleation is based on the framework of the extended finite element method and the enhanced local pressure model to capture the pressure difference and fluid flow between the crack and the hydrogel, and coupled with the cohesive method to achieve crack propagation without re-meshing. Two groups of numerical examples are given: (1) effects on crack propagation, and (2) effects on crack nucleation. Within each example, we studied the effects of the stiffness (shear modulus) and ultimate strength of the material separately. Simulations demonstrate that the crack behaviour is influenced by the intrinsic properties of the hydrogel, which gives numerical support for the structural design of the cross-linked hydrogel.</p>
Lactate stimulation of macrophage-derived angiogenic activity is associated with inhibition of Poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis. (1996)

Injury and inflammation lead to hypoxia and elevated lactate in wounds. This redox environment establishes cells in a reparative phenotype and leads macrophages to release angiogenic substances by unclear mechanisms. We investigated compounds known to modulate polyadenosine diphophoribose (pADP-R) levels in their effect on macrophage-derived angiogenic activity. Macrophages cultured from rabbit bone marrow were exposed to lactate, nicotinamide, and/or beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Supernatants were assayed for angiogenesis, and macrophages were analyzed for NAD+ content, poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase activity, and total (ADP-ribose)n synthesis. Lactate-, nicotinamide-, and lactate and nicotinamide-treated macrophages elicited significantly increased angiogenic activity compared with control or NAD+-treated cells. Lactate treatment decreased NAD+ content by 42 +/- 4% and (ADP-ribose)n synthesis by 37 +/- 5%. Nicotinamide reduced poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase activity and poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis. Thus, macrophage-derived angiogenic activity may be mediated by the redox environment involving NAD+ metabolites.
Phenol-Acrolein Resins (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhenol-Acrolein ResinsB. V. Maksorow and K. A. AndrianrowCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1932, 24, 7, 827–833Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50271a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50271a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
[Oral mucosa graft combined with a local turn-over flap for urethral reconstruction in various hypospadias]. (2003)

This operation solved the problem of tissue scarcity in urethral reconstruction. It made use of the merits of different materials and avoided the disadvantage of a single tissue. It is good for treating various hypospadias and worthy of popularization.
A Recurrent Control Neural Network for Data Efficient Reinforcement Learning (2007)

In this paper we introduce a new model-based approach for a data-efficient modelling and control of reinforcement learning problems in discrete time. Our architecture is based on a recurrent neural network (RNN) with dynamically consistent overshooting, which we extend by an additional control network. The latter has the particular task to learn the optimal policy. This approach has the advantage that by using a neural network we can easily deal with high-dimensions and consequently are able to break Bellman's curse of dimensionality. Further due to the high system-identification quality of RNN our method is highly data-efficient. Because of its properties we refer to our new model as recurrent control neural network (RCNN). The network is tested on a standard reinforcement learning problem, namely the cart-pole balancing, where it shows especially in terms of data-efficiency outstanding results
Three‐component, one‐pot synthesis of pyrimido[4,5‐<i>b</i>]‐quinoline and pyrido[2,3‐<i>d</i>]pyrimidine derivatives (2007)

Abstract magnified image Reaction of 6‐amino‐2‐methylthiouracil and 6‐amino‐1,3‐dimethyluracil with equimoler amounts of cyclic ketones or cyclic 1,3‐diketones and the appropriate aromatic aldehydes yielded regioselectivity a series of polycyclic pyrimido[4,5‐ b ]quinoline and pyrido[2,3‐ d ]pyrimidine derivatives in good yields.
The effect of buprenorphine on the analgesic and respiratory depressant effects of pethidine: A preliminary study (1988)

The effects on respiration and pain perception of giving 0.6 mg buprenorphine alone and of giving the same dose after the administration of pethidine intravenously to achieve a steady-state blood pethidine level (mean blood level 0.29-0.47 microgram/ml) were studied in 3 healthy male volunteers. Depression of ventilation occurred with both pethidine and buprenorphine, and the combination produced greater depression than did either drug alone. Times to onset of, and tolerance to, experimental pain increased with pethidine and buprenorphine, a greater increase occurring when both drugs were combined. There was no evidence that buprenorphine reversed the respiratory depression produced by pethidine, while maintaining analgesia.
Extracellular Oxidoreduction Potential Modifies Carbon and Electron Flow in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2000)

Wild-type Escherichia coli K-12 ferments glucose to a mixture of ethanol and acetic, lactic, formic, and succinic acids. In anoxic chemostat culture at four dilution rates and two different oxidoreduction potentials (ORP), this strain generated a spectrum of products which depended on ORP. Whatever the dilution rate tested, in low reducing conditions (-100 mV), the production of formate, acetate, ethanol, and lactate was in molar proportions of approximately 2.5:1:1:0.3, and in high reducing conditions (-320 mV), the production was in molar proportions of 2:0.6:1:2. The modification of metabolic fluxes was due to an ORP effect on the synthesis or stability of some fermentation enzymes; thus, in high reducing conditions, lactate dehydrogenase-specific activity increased by a factor of 3 to 6. Those modifications were concomitant with a threefold decrease in acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) needed for biomass synthesis and a 0.5- to 5-fold decrease in formate flux. Calculations of carbon and cofactor balances have shown that fermentation was balanced and that extracellular ORP did not modify the oxidoreduction state of cofactors. From this, it was concluded that extracellular ORP could regulate both some specific enzyme activities and the acetyl-CoA needed for biomass synthesis, which modifies metabolic fluxes and ATP yield, leading to variation in biomass synthesis.