gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
De Antonioni a Godard: Sobre las emociones evocadas por el espacio como imagen fílmica (2013)

espanolLas imagenes arquitectonicas en las peliculas revelan detalles inadvertidos del espacio, al tiempo que exhiben aspectos de la vida que suelen ser excluidos de los discursos. Las imagenes filmicas abren camino a un entendimiento mas profundo del mundo, expandiendo asi los limites de la relacion del individuo con el mundo exterior. Cuando las imagenes almacenadas en la memoria se combinan con lo que se ha visto recientemente, emergen visiones diversas en la mente. En este punto, lo que se ha visto se pasa de ser una imagen del espacio que impone como vivir, a otra que se abre a la percepcion y la creatividad. Este trabajo busca examinar el proceso de formacion de imagenes del espacio, examinando algunas peliculas de destacados cineastas europeos. EnglishArchitectural images in films reveal unnoticed details of space, while displaying various aspects of life that are excluded in discourses. Through giving way to a more profound understanding of the world, film images expand the boundaries of an individual’s relation with the outer world. While images in memory are combined with what is newly viewed, diverse visions emerge in mind: at this point, what is seen transforms from an image of space imposing how to live into another image that opens itself to perception and creativity. This work aims to explore the process of formation of images of space, drawing upon some films from important European filmmakers.
Women among the Early Martyrs (1993)

The Pentecostal sermon attributed to Peter in Acts announces Joel’s prophecy fulfilled: It shall happen in the last days, says God, that I will pour some of my Spirit upon all flesh, and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your youths shall see visions and your elders shall dream dreams; yes, even on my slaves and slavegirls in those days I will pour some of my Spirit, and they shall prophesy. The gift thus overrides sex, rank, and social status; it is often overlooked that the company on whom the Spirit falls in Acts 2 includes, beside the restored Twelve, ‘women and Mary the mother of Jesus and his brothers’, and Acts in this respect agrees with Paul that in Christ ‘there is no Jew nor Greek, there is no slave nor free man, there is no male and female; you are all one person in Christ Jesus.’
The esterolytic activity of epidermolytic toxins (1992)

The two epidermolytic toxins were shown to have intrinsic N-t-butyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamic acid alpha-phenyl esterase activity. The activity was dependent on free toxin pKa values of 6.6 and 6.8 for ETA and ETB respectively. ETB incorporated 0.97 mol of radiolabelled di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate/mol of protein with loss of esterolytic and epidermolytic activities. The correspondence of epidermolytic and esterolytic activities in ETA and ETB during thermal inactivation and reaction with di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate, together with the inactivity of the mutant protein ETA S195G, demonstrates that the two activities are dependent on a single active serine residue in each protein.
De novo<i>SCN1A</i>mutations are a major cause of severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (2003)

Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI or Dravet syndrome) is a rare disorder occurring in young children often without a family history of a similar disorder. The earliest disease manifestations are usually fever-associated seizures. Later in life, patients display different types of afebrile seizures including myoclonic seizures. Arrest of psychomotor development occurs in the second year of life and most patients become ataxic. Patients are resistant to antiepileptic drug therapy. Recently, we described de novo mutations of the neuronal sodium channel alpha-subunit gene SCN1A in seven isolated SMEI patients. To investigate the contribution of SCN1A mutations to the etiology of SMEI, we examined nine additional SMEI patients. We observed eight coding and one noncoding mutation. In contrast to our previous study, most mutations are missense mutations clustering in the S4-S6 region of SCN1A. These findings demonstrate that de novo mutations in SCN1A are a major cause of isolated SMEI.
The role of aluminum on the weldability and sulfidation behavior of iron-aluminium cladding (1999)

Palmar and finger varicosities are quite frequent but rarely reported in the literature. They appear as subcutaneous bluish dilations but the symptomatology is often deceptive. Surgery is the most effective therapy. We present a typical case which emphasizes the role of color Doppler ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis of palmar and finger varicosities and in the evaluation of complications occurring in connection with this disorder.
Mechanism of Action of the Diphenyl Ether Herbicide Acifluorfen-Methyl in Excised Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) Cotyledons (1982)

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cotyledons were sensitive to the diphenyl ether herbicide acifluorfen-methyl (AFM); methyl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoro-methyl)phenoxyl-2-nitrobenzoate. Injury was detected by monitoring the efflux of (86)Rb(+) from treated tissues after exposure to light (600 micro einsteins per meter(2) per second; photosynthetically active radiation).AFM exhibited activity in green and etiolated tissues in the presence of both 1 micromolar 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) and 1 micromolar 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone (DBMIB), inhibitors of photosynthetic electron transport. Protection against injury could be obtained by pretreating the seedlings with a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, 10 micromolar fluridone {1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4 (H)-pyridinone}.After a 4-hour dark pretreatment with 1 and 10 micromolar AFM, cotyledons were exposed to light (600 micro einsteins per meter(2) per second; photosynthetically active radiation). Within 1 to 2 hours after light treatment, significant increases in the level of thiobarbituric acid-reacting materials could be detected. Electron microscopic observations of treated tissues revealed significant structural damage to the chloroplast envelope, tonoplast, and plasma membrane. Etiolated cucumber cotyledons treated with 1 micromolar AFM and exposed to light were less susceptible to injury when maintained in an O(2)-deficient atmosphere. Protection against injury could be obtained with 50 micromolar alpha-tocopherol.These results suggest AFM is activated in light by yellow plant pigments and then is involved in the initiation of a free radical chain reaction with polyunsaturated fatty acid moieties of phospholipid molecules making up cellular membranes. The perturbations that follow result in a loss of the membrane's selective permeability characteristics, thereby leading to cellular death.
A simplified method for identification of human cardiac myosin heavy‐chain isoforms (2003)

Cardiac myosin is a central participant in the cross‐bridge cycling that mediates myocyte contraction and consists of multiple subunits that mediate both hydrolysis of ATP and mechanical production of contractile force Two isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MHC‐ α and MHC‐ β ) are known to exist in mammalian cardiac tissue, and it is within this myosin subunit that ATPase activity resides. These isoforms differ by less than 0.2% in total molecular mass and amino acid sequence, but, strikingly, influence the rate and efficiency of energy utilization for generation of contractile force. Changes in the MHC‐ α /MHC‐ β ratio has been classically viewed as an adaptation of a failing myocyte in both animal models and humans; however, their measurement has traditionally required specialized preparations and materials for sufficient resolution. Here we describe a greatly simplified method for routine assessments of myosin isoform composition in human cardiac tissues. The primary advantages of our approach include higher throughput and reduced supply costs with no apparent loss of statistical power, reproducibility or achieved results. Use of this more convenient method may provide enhanced access to an otherwise specialized technique and could provide additional opportunity for investigation of cardiac myocyte adaptive changes.
Identification and analysis of a new tobacco-specific <i>N</i>-nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (1987)

A new tobacco-specific N-nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (iso-NNAL) was isolated from snuff tobacco. Structural characterization of this N-nitrosamine was confirmed by mass spectral analysis. Five popular US brands of moist snuff and three popular US brands of dry snuff tobacco were analyzed for moisture, nicotine and tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines. The moisture content varied from 20 to 53% in moist snuff and from 4.7 to 5.6% in dry snuff. The nicotine levels in these samples varied from 0.6 to 3.2%. The newly identified iso-NNAL was present in concentrations ranging from 0.07 to 2.5 p.p.m. whereas other tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines, N-nitrosonornicotine, N-nitrosoanatabine, N-nitrosoanabasine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone were found to range from 0.1 to 178 p.p.m. Iso-NNAL was not detected in mainstream and sidestream smoke of cigarettes. Iso-NNAL is genotoxic in primary rat hepatocytes; its tumorigenic properties are currently being tested in mice and rats.
DiGalactosyl-Glycero-Ether Lipid: synthetic approaches and evaluation as SK3 channel inhibitor (2013)

The recent discoveries of the involvement of SK3 channel in some cell motility mechanisms occurring in cancer disease have opened up the way to the synthesis of inhibitors that could reduce metastasis formation. On the basis of our recent previous works showing that both lactose-glycero-ether lipid (Ohmline) and some phosphate analogues (GPGEL) were efficient compounds to modulate SK3 channel activity, the present study, which found its inspiration in the structure of the natural glycolipid DiGalactosylDiacylGlycerol (DGDG), reports the incorporation of a digalactosyl moiety (α-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-galactopyranosyl-) as the polar head of a glycero ether lipid. For the construction of the digalactosyl fragment, two synthetic approaches were compared. The standard strategy which is based on the use of the benzyl protecting group to produce 1→6 disaccharide unit, was compared with a second method that made use of the trimethylsilyl moiety as a protecting group. This second strategy, which is applied for the first time to the synthesis of (1→6)-disaccharide unit, presents a net advantage in terms of efficacy (better global yield) and cost. Finally, compound 16, which is characterized by a (1→6) DiGalactosyl unit (DG) as the polar head of the amphiphilic structure, was tested as a modulator of the SK3 channel activity. Patch-clamp experiments have shown that compound 16 reduced SK3 currents (-28.2 ± 2.0% at 5 μM) and cell migration assays performed at 300 nM have shown a reduction of cell migration (SK3 + HEK293T) by 19.6 ± 2.7%.
The Synthesis of 3-Methoxycarbonylbenzofuran-2(3H)-one Derivatives via Copper(I)-Catalyzed Coupling of o-Bromophenols with Dimethyl Malonate (1999)

The preparation of benzofuran-2(3H)-ones via the copper(I)-catalyzed reaction between dialkyl malonates and o-halophenols has been investigated. It was shown that the reaction is catalytic in the copper(I) source, with CuBr the most effective reagent. In addition, significant increases in yield can be achieved through the isolation of the corresponding sodium salt of the benzofuranone product. These salts are air stable solids that do not decompose over a period of several months and are not hygroscopic.
FP 15.4: A 450MHZ IA32 P6 Family Microprocessor (1998)

Table 1 compares the process features and silicon results of this microprocessor on 0.25pm process technology, with the previous implementation on 0.35pm process technology [41. The 0.25~ process technology has a fifth layer of metal to enable RC delay and area reductions. This fifth layer of metal permits reduction of channel area between blocks by over 50%. The remaining space in between blocks is used to add bypass capacitors. Bypass capacitors are also added inside of circuit blocks where possible. Additional bypass capacitors are added under the wire bonding pads to provide bypassing for the output drivers. The total on-die bypass capacitance is approximately 117nF. The fifth layer of metal also supports C4 bumps. This die supports both wire bonding and C4 packages. The C4 package is a 31” square using organic land grid array technology. The wire bond package is a plastic land grid array 42.5” square. Neither package requires in-package bypass capacitance. Figure 1 is a section of the I/O ring that shows the wire bonding pads and the C4bumps. TheC4 bumppitchusedis272pmandthewirebondpad pitch is 68pm.
Further Clinical Experiences with Middle-Ear Implantable Hearing Aids: Indications and Sound Quality Evaluation (1989)

Since 1983, when the 5-year project on the middle-ear implantable hearing aids (MEI) was completed, we have been concentrating our studies on the clinical application of the partially implantable MEI (PMEI). The study was on the indication of implantation, improvement of the implantation operation, follow-up of the implanted patients, minor modification of the MEI, preparation of necessary surgical tools, and so on. Clinical study was also necessary for our team to finally confirm the clinical usefulness of this device. The present report is focussed mostly on the problem of indication for the application of PMEI.
<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Surface Protein PcpA Elicits Protection against Lung Infection and Fatal Sepsis (2008)

Previous studies have suggested that pneumococcal choline binding protein A (PcpA) is important for the full virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, and its amino acid sequence suggests that it may play a role in cellular adherence. PcpA is under the control of a manganese-dependent regulator and is only expressed at low manganese concentrations, similar to those found in the blood and lungs. PcpA expression is repressed under high manganese concentrations, similar to those found in secretions. In this study, we have demonstrated that PcpA elicits statistically significant protection in murine models of pneumonia and sepsis. In the model of pneumonia with each of four challenge strains, statistically fewer S. pneumoniae cells were recovered from the lungs of mice immunized with PcpA and alum versus mice immunized with alum only. The immunizations reduced the median CFU by 4- to 400-fold (average of 28-fold). In the model of sepsis using strain TIGR4, PcpA expression resulted in shorter times to become moribund and subcutaneous immunization with PcpA increased survival times of mice infected with wild-type PcpA-expressing pneumococci.
New biomaterials for orthopedic implants (2015)

Abstract: With the increasing use of orthopedic implants worldwide, there continues to be great interest in the development of novel technologies to further improve the effective clinical performance of contemporary treatment modalities and devices. Continuing research interest also exists in developing novel bulk biomaterials (eg, polycarbonate urethanes, silicon) or novel formulations of existing but less widely used biomaterials (eg, polyaryletherketones, polyetheretherketone). There is also growing focus on customizing the material properties of bioabsorbables and composite materials with fillers such as bioactive ceramics. In terms of tissue engineering, more recent developments have focused on basic engineering and biological fundamentals to use cells, signaling factors, and the scaffold material itself to better restore tissue and organ structure and function. There has also been recent controversy with the use of injectables as a nonsurgical approach to treat joint disorders, but more attention is being directed toward the development of newer formulations with different molecular weights. The industry has also continuously sought to improve coatings to supplement the function of existing implants, with the goal of improving their osseointegrative qualities and incorporating antimicrobial properties. These include the use of bone morphogenetic protein, bisphosphonates, calcium phosphate, silicon nitride, and iodine. Due to the widespread use of bone graft materials, recent developments in synthetic graft materials have explored further development of bioactive glass, ceramic materials, and porous titanium particles. This review article provides an overview of ongoing efforts in the above research areas. Keywords: coatings, scaffolds, bioabsorbables, bone graft, injectables
Comparison of the performance of the Rotman type lenses obtained by different design approaches (2003)

Rotman type lens is most commonly used for wide angle scanning. Rotman type lenses have been designed using the different design approaches proposed so far. The designed lenses have been analyzed using the contour integral techniques. Results obtained for the different lenses have been compared.
A low sidelobe asymmetric beam antenna for high altitude platform communications (2004)

In a communications network served by a high altitude platform, the antenna beams illuminating each cell require minimized sidelobe powers. Asymmetric beams are advantageous so that cell footprints remain circular. At millimeter wavelengths a lens antenna can have the desired properties. We have chosen a 6 km diameter cell at 32/spl deg/ elevation angle and shown how the required beam asymmetry can be implemented using an optimized polynomial for describing the lens profile. The measured average sidelobe level is below -42 dB.
<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>virulence factors involved in subversion of leukocytes and microbial dysbiosis (2015)

The oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis has special nutrient requirements due to its asaccharolytic nature subsisting on small peptides cleaved from host proteins. Using proteases and other virulence factors, P. gingivalis thrives as a component of a polymicrobial community in nutritionally favorable inflammatory environments. In this regard, P. gingivalis has a number of strategies that subvert the host immune response in ways that promote its colonization and facilitate the outgrowth of the surrounding microbial community. The focus of this review is to discuss at the molecular level how P. gingivalis subverts leukocytes to create a favorable environment for a select community of bacteria that, in turn, adversely affects the periodontal tissues.
Automatic pump power adjustment for gain-flattened multi-wavelength pumped Raman amplifier (2002)

We proposed Raman gain slope measurement method by measuring noise power originated from Raman gain, and pump power adjustment to flatten the gain on various transmission lines by using measured Raman gain slope. We also proposed the technique to vary average gain with flattened profile. Using the techniques, Raman gain profile could be automatically controlled at various average gains according to the characteristics of fibers and the amount of plant loss, without trial and error, as well as without probe signals. As a result, the DAR has come to be free from the troublesome trial and error adjustment onsite, even on various installation conditions.
Dominating global intellectual property: Overview of patentability in the USA, Europe and Japan (2003)

The USA, Europe and Japan dominate intellectual property. The patent offices of these three economies issue the vast majority of the world's patents and harmonisation has been a key initiative in recent years. Corporate and academic leaders, inventors and practitioners should be aware of the examination practices in all three patent offices.
Sidebands in optically detected magnetic resonance signals of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond (2013)

We study features in the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) signals associated with negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$) centers coupled to other paramagnetic impurities in diamond. Our results are important for understanding ODMR line shapes and for optimization of devices based on NV${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ centers. We determine the origins of several side features to the unperturbed NV${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ magnetic resonance by studying their magnetic field and microwave power dependences. Side resonances separated by around 130 MHz are due to hyperfine coupling between NV${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ centers and nearest-neighbor ${}^{13}$C nuclear spins. Side resonances separated by approximately ${40,\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}260,\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}300}$ MHz are found to originate from simultaneous spin flipping of NV${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ centers and single substitutional nitrogen atoms. All results are in agreement with the presented theoretical calculations.
Recursive Top-Down Production for Sentence Generation with Latent Trees (2020)

We model the recursive production property of context-free grammars for natural and synthetic languages. To this end, we present a dynamic programming algorithm that marginalises over latent binary tree structures with $N$ leaves, allowing us to compute the likelihood of a sequence of $N$ tokens under a latent tree model, which we maximise to train a recursive neural function. We demonstrate performance on two synthetic tasks: SCAN (Lake and Baroni, 2017), where it outperforms previous models on the LENGTH split, and English question formation (McCoy et al., 2020), where it performs comparably to decoders with the ground-truth tree structure. We also present experimental results on German-English translation on the Multi30k dataset (Elliott et al., 2016), and qualitatively analyse the induced tree structures our model learns for the SCAN tasks and the German-English translation task.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION OF ALDEHYDES TO ACTIVATED DOUBLE BONDS. XXI. SYNTHESES OF 4,7‐DIOXO ESTERS AND 4,7‐DIOXO NITRILES (1979)

Abstract Addition der Acrylderivate (II) an den Aldehyd (I) liefert die Norbomenylderivate (III), die zu den Vinylketoverbindungen (IV) pyrolysiert werden.
Direction of Arrival Estimation and Localization Using Acoustic Sensor Arrays (2011)

Sound source localization has numerous applications such as detection and localization of mechanical or structural failures in vehicles and buildings or bridges, security systems, collision avoidance, and robotic vision. The paper presents the design of an anechoic chamber, sensor arrays and an analysis of how the data acquired from the sensors could be used for sound source localization and object detection. An anechoic chamber is designed to create a clean environment which isolates the experiment from external noises and reverberation echoes. An FPGA based data acquisition system is developed for a flexible acoustic sensor array platform. Using this sensor platform, we investigate direction of arrival estimation and source localization experiments with different geometries and with different numbers of sensors. We further present a discussion of parameters that influence the sensitivity and accuracy of the results of these experiments.
Design of a 6-bits semiconductor integrated phase shifter for radar applications (2016)

Phase shifters present the key components in the field of phased array antenna. They are used to electrically shape and steer the antenna beam. In this paper, the design and simulation of S-band 6-bits phase shifter based on semiconductor switch is suggested. The proposal is designed by combining the properties of reflection and switched lines and it consists of two stages. The first stage is realized in switched-reflection topology and it is composed by a branch line coupler, a semiconductor switch and vertical and horizontal delay lines. The second stage is composed of two cells of serial cascade switched delay line. The two stages are integrated to increase the phase shifter resolution. Our proposal is validated through numerical simulation and we show that our 6-bits integrated phase shifter is capable of providing 64 different phases separated by 5.625° over the frequency band 2.2-2.6 GHz.