gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Test of the special-relativistic Doppler formula at<i>β=0.84</i> (1986)

We used the relativistic Doppler effect to shift the energy of the fourth-harmonic photons of a Nd-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser into the range from 1.4 to 15.8 eV in a moving atom's reference frame by varying the angle of intersection theta between the laser beam and an 800-MeV atomic hydrogen (${\mathrm{H}}^{0}$) beam. We measured the intersection angle theta for several well known Lyman transitions (1s to np) in ${\mathrm{H}}^{0}$ and fitted these data by the form E=(${E}_{0}$/${g}_{0}$)\ensuremath{\gamma}(1+\ensuremath{\beta} costheta). The value of ${E}_{0}$/${g}_{0}$ obtained in this manner, compared with the measured value of ${E}_{0}$ for the laser photons, yielded ${g}_{0}$=1.000 04(27) at \ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\simeq}0.84. The prediction of special relativity that ${g}_{0}$=1 is thus verified to an accuracy of 2.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{4}$.
Anti-Fogging/Self-Healing Properties of Clay-Containing Transparent Nanocomposite Thin Films (2016)

Highly transparent antifogging films were successfully prepared on various substrates, including glass slides, silicon, copper and PMMA, by spin-coating a mixture of polyvinylpyrrolidone and aminopropyl-functionalized, nanoscale clay platelets. The resulting films were superhydrophilic and showed more than 90% transmission of visible light, as well as excellent antifogging and self-healing properties.
The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor agonist FTY720 supports CXCR4-dependent migration and bone marrow homing of human CD34+ progenitor cells (2004)

The novel immunosuppressant FTY720 activates sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) that affect responsiveness of lymphocytes to chemokines such as stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), resulting in increased lymphocyte homing to secondary lymphoid organs. Since SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 are also involved in bone marrow (BM) homing of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs), we analyzed expression of S1PRs and the influence of FTY720 on SDF-1/CXCR4-mediated effects in human HPCs. By reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), S1PRs were expressed in mobilized CD34+ HPCs, particularly in primitive CD34+/CD38- cells. Incubation of HPCs with FTY720 resulted in prolonged SDF-1-induced calcium mobilization and actin polymerization, and substantially increased SDF-1-dependent in vitro transendothelial migration, without affecting VLA-4, VLA-5, and CXCR4 expression. In nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice, the number of CD34+/CD38- cells that homed to the BM after 18 hours was significantly raised by pretreatment of animals and cells with FTY720, tending to result in improved engraftment. In addition, in vitro growth of HPCs (week-5 cobblestone area-forming cells [CAFCs]) was 2.4-fold increased. We conclude that activation of S1PRs by FTY720 increases CXCR4 function in HPCs both in vitro and in vivo, supporting homing and proliferation of HPCs. In the hematopoietic microenvironment, S1PRs are involved in migration and maintenance of HPCs by modulating the effects of SDF-1.
Genetic analysis of superoxide dismutase, the 23 kilodalton antigen of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (1991)

The gene encoding a 23 kilodalton protein antigen has been cloned from Mycobacterium tuberculosis by screening of a recombinant DNA library with monoclonal antibodies. The product of the gene has been identified as the superoxide dismutase (SOD) of M. tuberculosis on the basis of sequence comparison and by expression of the recombinant protein in a functionally active form. The derived amino acid sequence of M. tuberculosis SOD reveals a close similarity to manganese-containing SODs from other organisms, in spite of the fact that previous studies using the purified enzyme have identified iron as the preferred metal ion ligand. SOD is present in the extracellular fluid of logarithmic-phase cultures of M. tuberculosis, but the structural gene is not preceded by a signal peptide sequence. Insertion of the M. tuberculosis SOD gene into a novel shuttle vector demonstrated the mycobacteria but is ineffective in Escherichia coli.
Investigations on fungitoxic derivatives of salicylaldehyde (1961)

SUMMARY The eradicative and protective activities of the salicyl‐, 3‐chlorosalicyl‐, 5‐chlorosalicyl‐ and 3,5‐dichlorosalicyl‐anilides and ‐para ‐chloroanilides, against cucumber powdery mildew ( Erysiphe cichoracearum DC.) and tomato leaf‐mould ( Cladosporium fulvum Cke.) have been determined by in vivo glasshouse tests on pot plants. No compound was more effective than salicylanilide against either disease at a non‐phytotoxic concentration. In addition, the in vitro fungitoxic activities of these compounds against spores of tomato leaf‐mould have been determined; several were considerably more active than salicylanilide.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction (1992)

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has been demonstrated as a technique that has eliminated some of the tedious steps of current liquid-liquid and solid-liquid extraction procedures. SFE also offers cleaner extracts, less sample handling and equivalent or better recoveries to conventional technologies. As a technique, it is cost effective, time efficient and low in solvent waste generation. The areas which need to be addressed to bring SFE into the routine laboratory are precision/reproducibility and multi-sample analysis. Without development in these directions, competition with conventional methodology does not exist. As demonstrated by applications to Agricultural Products, experiments will be presented which show the feasibility of using SFE as a routine analytical tool in sample preparation.
Chronopotentiometric Studies on the Oxidation of Ferrocene, Ruthenocene, Osmocene and Some of their Derivatives<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChronopotentiometric Studies on the Oxidation of Ferrocene, Ruthenocene, Osmocene and Some of their Derivatives1Theodore Kuwana, Donald E. Bublitz, and George HohCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 22, 5811–5817Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01507a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01507a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1719Altmetric-Citations282LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vaccine-induced immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 infections (2021)

Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the most effective tools to curb the pandemic. Multiple vaccine candidates based on different platforms are available for emergency use presently. However, in common all the vaccines target spike protein, which is a dominant immunogen of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Adequate immunogenicity and efficacy are demonstrated by many of the vaccines in clinical phase III trials. The emergence of the new variant of concern is believed to be associated with less susceptibility to the post-infection or post-vaccination mounted immunity. It is a global concern currently threatening the progression of the vaccination drive. Nevertheless, the results of the presently available phase III clinical trials promote COVID-19 vaccination to prevent disease severity and COVID-19 related deaths. Cross-immunity towards the new variants of concern especially against the South African variant is yet to be explored and managed adequately.
Cytokine GM‐CSF Genetic Adjuvant Facilitates Prophylactic DNA Vaccine against Pseudorabies Virus through Enhanced Immune Responses (2006)

Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulatory factor (GM-CSF) is an attractive adjuvant for a DNA vaccine on account of its ability to recruit antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to the site of antigen synthesis as well as its ability to stimulate the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). This study evaluated the utility of GM-CSF cDNA as a DNA vaccine adjuvant for glycoprotein B (gB) of pseudorabies virus (PrV) in a murine model. The co-injection of GM-CSF DNA enhanced the levels of serum PrV-specific IgG with a 1.5-to 2-fold increase. Moreover, GM-CSF co-injection inhibited the production of IgG2a isotype. However, it enhanced production of an IgG1 isotype resulting in humoral responses biased to the Th2-type against PrV antigen. In contrast, the co-administration of GM-CSF DNA enhanced the T cell-mediated immunity biased to the Th1-type, as judged by the significantly higher level of cytokine IL-2 and IFN-gamma production but not IL-4. When challenged with a lethal dose of PrV, the GM-CSF co-injection enhanced the resistance against a PrV infection. This suggests that co-inoculation with a vector expressing GM-CSF enhanced the protective immunity against a PrV infection. This immunity was caused by the induction of increased humoral and cellular immunity in response to PrV antigen.
Thermal qualification of 3D stacked die structures (2006)

After an introductory discussion of the thermal issues in stacked die packages in general, two major subjects are discussed in the paper: the qualification of die attach in stacked die structures and the questions of compact thermal modeling. An overview is given about the currently used techniques for the qualification of the die attach for failure analysis in stacked structures. The third part of the paper presents the state-of-the-art and the major issues of compact thermal modeling of stacked die packages. A methodology is suggested for the transient compact modeling of stacked die structures
A Detection Method for Android Repackaged Applications with Malicious Features Similarity of Family Homology (2017)

There are widespread repackaging problems in android applications. Most of studies focus on the detection of malicious applications themselves with the lack of family homology research. In face of this problem, this paper proposes a detection method based on sensitive behavior sequences for detecting malicious repackaged android applications with malicious feature similarity of family homology. The method improves the ability against various malwares by extracting malicious code part from malicious applications. The paper tested the samples of 1009 applications, with accuracy as high as 87.52%. The solution is better than that of Kirin and Androguard. Moreover, the proposed solution tested some malicious family codes. Experimental studies show that the solution can be used for detecting android malicious repackaged malwares and providing a reference for some researchers in static analysis.
The Formation of the General Statements by Using SQL under VFP (2005)

This paper introduces the method of forming the flexible and variable the summary statements by applying IIF function and macro-alternation into SELECT-SQL sentence in VFP, and gives the codes of the source program. The names and figures of the date items in the statements are varied according to the application. The statement can be browsed on screen, can be out-put by the printer, and can also be transformed into Excel form file that is edited and then out-put by the users with Excel.
Off-Axis Particles in Coulter Type Counters (1972)

The resistance increase due to a centered sphere in a tube traversed by an ideal fluid or electric current is tabulated in Phys. Fluids 7, 633 (1964). A lower limit for off-axis spheres is also known. This note gives an off-axis upper limit theory and a numerical table which should be useful in sizing particles by the Coulter counter method.
Evolution of Key Cell Signaling and Adhesion Protein Families Predates Animal Origins (2003)

The evolution of animals from a unicellular ancestor involved many innovations. Choanoflagellates, unicellular and colonial protozoa closely related to Metazoa, provide a potential window into early animal evolution. We have found that choanoflagellates express representatives of a surprising number of cell signaling and adhesion protein families that have not previously been isolated from nonmetazoans, including cadherins, C-type lectins, several tyrosine kinases, and tyrosine kinase signaling pathway components. Choanoflagellates have a complex and dynamic tyrosine phosphoprotein profile, and cell proliferation is selectively affected by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The expression in choanoflagellates of proteins involved in cell interactions in Metazoa demonstrates that these proteins evolved before the origin of animals and were later co-opted for development.
Saturated blue-violet electroluminescence from single ZnO micro/nanowire and p-GaN film hybrid light-emitting diodes (2013)

Saturated electroluminescence behavior was observed in single ZnO micro/nanowire and GaN film heterojunctions fabricated by transferring an individual ZnO micro/nanowire onto p-type GaN substrate. A strong blue emission of ∼460 nm was observed, as a result of interfacial radiative recombination of electrons from n-ZnO and holes from p-GaN. Light-output-current characteristic followed a power law of L ∼ Im, which revealed a superlinear dependence at low current (m = 1.16) and became sublinear (m = 0.72) at high current. According to theoretical analysis, the saturated electroluminescence at high current could be attributed to the saturation of nonradiative recombination and the limitation of electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency.
Current reused LC VCOs (2005)

This paper presents current reused voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) topologies by stacking switching transistors in series like a cascode. The VCOs can operate with only half the amount of dc current compared to those of the conventional VCO topologies. Fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS process, a differential VCO operates in a 2.1-GHz band with a phase noise of -110dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset, and a quadrature VCO operates in a 3.1-GHz band with a phase noise of -102dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset. The proposed topologies can be adopted for low-power applications.
Morphology-dependent energy transfer within polyfluorene thin films (2004)

We have performed a detailed study of the photoluminescence from thin films of blue-light-emitting poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) containing different fractions of planarized (\ensuremath{\beta}-phase) chains within the glassy polymer film. By choosing solvents with a range of polarities and boiling points we were able to cast films with reliable control of the relative amounts of \ensuremath{\beta}-phase chains present. We analyzed the emission spectra in terms of Franck-Condon progressions and found that, at low temperatures (8 K), the luminescence can be modeled accurately by considering two distinct contributions from the two phases present in the film. The Huang-Rhys parameter for the \ensuremath{\beta} phase is shown to be approximately half the value obtained for the glassy phase, in agreement with a more delocalized exciton in the \ensuremath{\beta} phase. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements on a film containing roughly 25% of \ensuremath{\beta} phase reveal a fast transfer of excitations from the glassy to the \ensuremath{\beta} phase, indicating that the two phases are well intermixed. Assuming the transfer dynamics to be governed by dipole-dipole coupling, we obtain a F\"orster radius of $8.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6\mathrm{nm},$ significantly larger than the radius typically found for excitation transfer within the glassy phase. These results are consistent with the large spectral overlap between the emission of the glassy phase and the absorption of the \ensuremath{\beta} phase and explain why the latter dominates the emission even from films containing only a small fraction of \ensuremath{\beta}-phase chains.
The Accuracy of Diagnostic Tests for Lyme Disease in Humans, A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of North American Research (2016)

There has been an increasing incidence of Lyme disease (LD) in Canada and the United States corresponding to the expanding range of the Ixodes tick vector and Lyme disease agent (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto). There are many diagnostic tests for LD available in North America, all of which have some performance issues, and physicians are concerned about the appropriate use and interpretation of these tests. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the North American evidence on the accuracy of diagnostic tests and test regimes at various stages of LD. Included in the review are 48 studies on diagnostic tests used in North America published since 1995. Thirteen studies examined a two-tier serological test protocol vs. clinical diagnosis, 24 studies examined single assays vs. clinical diagnosis, 9 studies examined single immunoblot vs. clinical diagnosis, 7 studies compared culture or PCR direct detection methods vs. clinical diagnosis, 22 studies compared two or more tests with each other and 8 studies compared a two-tiered serological test protocol to another test. Recent studies examining the sensitivity and specificity of various test protocols noted that the Immunetics® C6 B. burgdorferi ELISA™ and the two tier approach have superior specificity compared to proposed replacements, and the CDC recommended western blot algorithm has equivalent or superior specificity over other proposed test algorithms. There is a dramatic increase in test sensitivity with progression of B. burgdorferi infection from early to late LD. Direct detection methods, culture and PCR of tissue or blood samples were not as sensitive or timely compared to serological testing. It was also noted that there are a large number of both commercial (n = 42) and in-house developed tests used by private laboratories which have not been evaluated in the primary literature.
Application of solid modeling to three-dimensional electrostatic field computation (2003)

A computer program for three-dimensional electrostatics analysis is presented that uses solid modeling principles to specify and construct problem geometries, and Delaunay tessellation to generate meshes. With the solid modeling approach, simple solid primitives are constructed by sweeping or revolving two-dimensional cross sections entered into the computer using a graphic sketch-pad and mouse. The solid primitives are then manipulated using the Boolean operations of union, intersection, and subtraction to produce complex solids. Once the problem geometry is entered, Delaunay tesselation is used to generate automatically a tetrahedral mesh that is ideal for finite-element analysis. The combination of solid modeling with Delaunay tesselation provides an extremely powerful and convenient user interface for finite-element analysis of electrostatic fields in three dimensions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Auranofin protects against cocaine-induced hepatic injury through induction of heme oxygenase-1 (2011)

Auranofin, a disease-modifying gold compound, has been empirically applying to the management of rheumatoid arthritis. We investigated a protective effect of auranofin against hepatic injury induced by cocaine. Cocaine (75 mg/kg) markedly increased serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) (4,130 IU/l) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) (1,730 IU/l) activities at 16 hr after treatment, and induced hepatic necrosis surrounding central veins in mice. Concurrently, overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme for heme degradation and an oxidative stress marker, was identified at the edges of cocaine-mediated necrotic area. Auranofin (10 mg/ml, i.p.) significantly induced hepatic HO-1 protein in mice from 12 hr after treatment. Interestingly, pretreatment with auranofin resulted in the prevention of the increase of serum ALT and AST activities in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, although cocaine increased tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) gene expression in mouse livers, cocaine-induced liver injury was observed in TNFα deficient mice as well as wild-type mice. Auranofin-inducted HO-1 gene expression was observed in human primary hepatocytes as well as mouse primary hepatocytes. The present findings suggest that auranofin is effective in preventing cocaine-induced hepatic injury, and HO-1 may contribute to protect against chemically-induced cytotoxicity.
Mega-classification: discovering motifs in massive datastreams (1992)

276 ambulatory depressed patients were entered into a multicentered clinical study to assess the effectiveness and acceptability of viloxazine. Results from global assessment by the trialist showed that viloxazine monotherapy produced a good response in 83% of patients. Improvement has been seen in all grades of depression including the sad-depressed, inhibited-apathetic and masked-depressed syndrome. Only 38 patients did not improve on viloxazine and even including 46 withdrawals because of insufficient efficacy and/or side-effects, the clinical response with viloxazine exceeded by far the rate of spontaneous remission expected in depressive illness, thus reducing a major objection against open studies like this. This study also confirmed the rapid onset of drug effect; since as early as after 1 week of treatment, statistically significant improvements were seen even in severe forms of depression. As to the unwanted effects of therapy, viloxazine was again favourably assessed by trialists. Nausea and vomiting were the main side-effects reported and accounted for withdrawal in 8% of the original 276 patients. As expected from previous findings no change in cardiovascular function was observed. So it can be concluded from this open trial, that VIVALAN ICI is an effective antidepressant for use in out-patients. It produces a fairly rapid onset of action and has been generally well tolerated.
Variations in sphenoid sinus anatomy with special emphasis on pneumatization and endoscopic anatomic distances. (2005)

Sphenoid sinus variations observed in pneumatization, size, localization and shape are important in providing a better surgical approach and avoiding surgical complications.
Orchestrating Data, Design, and Narrative (2012)

Information visualization involves the visual, and sometimes interactive, presentation and organization of complex data in a clear, compelling representation. Information visualization is an essential element in peoples’ daily lives, especially those in data-driven professions, namely online educators. Although information visualization research and methods are prevalent in the diverse fields of healthcare, statistics, economics, information technology, computer science, and politics, few examples of successful information visualization design or integration exist in online learning. The authors provide a background of information visualization in education, explore a set of potential roles for information visualization in the future design and integration of online learning environments, provide examples of contemporary interactive visualizations in education, and discuss opportunities to move forward with design and research in this emerging area.