gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-Phase Drive Linear Ultrasonic Motor with Perpendicular Electrode Vibrator (2010)

Unlike most ultrasonic motor designs, in this study, we employ a pair of perpendicular electrodes to energize a piezoelectric vibrator, in which the angle between the direction of polarization and the electric field is purposely set at neither 0 nor 90° so that both the longitudinal and shear effects of the vibrator can be generated simultaneously by a single-phase voltage source. Such a vibrator can generate oblique line trajectories on the contact surface to push a slider for movement, while its moving direction can be easily controlled by switching the excitation sequence of the pair of perpendicular electrodes. In this study, the finite element analysis method was first employed to simulate the oscillatory behavior of the vibrator and then simulation results were verified by single-point, noncontact measurement on the surface of the vibrator. The newly designed linear ultrasonic motor, which can offer identical performance in both forward and backward motions, can maintain its attractive characteristics of simple structure, quiet operation, and single-phase drive. A prototype of the single-phase drive linear ultrasonic motor was fabricated to confirm the feasibility of the proposed vibrator design. The illustrated bidirectional linear ultrasonic motor is shown to be capable of generating a sliding velocity of 84.2 mm/s and a sliding force of 1.79 N.
Full-scale testing of fuselage panels (2002)

A unique state-of-the-art facility to assess the structural integrity of aircraft fuselage structure was established at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) William J. Hughes Technical Center. The Full-Scale Aircraft Structural Test Evaluation and Research (FASTER) facility is capable of testing full-scale fuselage panel specimens under conditions representative of those seen by an aircraft in actual operation. The test fixture features a novel adaptation of mechanical, fluid, and electronic components and is capable of applying pressurization, longitudinal, hoop, frame, and shear loads to a fuselage panel. A high-precision, Remote Controlled Crack Monitoring (RCCM) system was developed to inspect and record crack initiation and progression over the entire fuselage panel test surface. A detailed description of the FASTER facility along with representative results from a variety of experimental test programs will be presented.
A branch and cut algorithm for the Steiner problem in graphs (1998)

In this paper, we consider the Steiner problem in graphs, which is the problem of connecting together, at minimum cost, a number of vertices in an undirected graph with nonnegative edge costs. We use the formulation of this problem as a shortest spanning tree (SST) problem with additional constraints given previously in the literature. We strengthen this SST formulation and present a branch and cut algorithm to solve the problem to optimality. This algorithm incorporates reduction tests and is used to solve a number of problems drawn from the literature. A number of general issues relating to branch and cut algorithms are also highlighted. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Networks 31: 39–59, 1998
Integrated electroabsorption attenuator-photodetector for optical power control in WDM transmission systems (2002)

A new InP-based waveguide device capable of functioning simultaneously as an optical power monitor and variable optical attenuator is reported. It allows easy integration with passive InP-based lightwave components by using a new technique referred to as single-mode vertical integration. The device exhibits high on-chip responsivity of /spl sim/0.93 A/W and attenuation values exceeding 25 dB. It is shown to effectively stabilize a time-varying input power signal by monitoring the input light level while simultaneously adjusting its internal attenuation. Integrated with planar (de)multiplexers, it enables very compact, monolithically integrated components for power controlling in WDM transmission systems to be realized.
Replication of dengue and junin viruses in cultured rabbit and human endothelial cells (1978)

The flavivirus dengue and the arenavirus Junin are both associated with a hemorrhagic shock syndrome in man. We have demonstrated the replication of these viruses in vitro in both rabbit and human endothelial cells by viral titers and immunofluorescent antibody studies. Rabbit endothelium established in continuous culture was derived from vena cava, while human cells in primary culture were derived from umbilical veins. In rabbit endothelium, dengue-2 virus passaged through monkey kidney monolayer cells (LLC-MK2) or human lymphoblastoid cells (raji) produced significantly more virus than the seed obtained from suckling mouse brain (MB). Inoculation of actively dividing, subconfluent human endothelial cells with the LLC-MK2 degue virus produced higher viral titers than inoculation of confluent cells. The appearance of Junin virus was delayed beyond that of dengue virus in rabbit endothelial cells although equivalent titers of virus were produced. In human cells, Junin virus was less productive than dengue virus and produced characteristic cycles of virus release. This is the first direct evidence for replication of human hemorrhagic fever viruses in endothelial cells.
A multi-pronged search for a common structural motif in the secretion signal of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhimurium type III effectorproteins (2010)

Many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to deliver effector proteins into the host cell where they reprogram host defenses and facilitate pathogenesis. The first 20-30 N-terminal residues usually contain the 'secretion signal' that targets effector proteins for translocation, however, a consensus sequence motif has never been discerned. Recent machine-learning approaches, such as support vector machine (SVM)-based Identification and Evaluation of Virulence Effectors (SIEVE), have improved the ability to identify effector proteins from genomics sequence information. While these methods all suggest that the T3SS secretion signal has a characteristic amino acid composition bias, it is still unclear if the amino acid pattern is important and if there are any unifying structural properties that direct recognition. To address these issues a peptide corresponding to the secretion signal for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium effector SseJ was synthesized (residues 1-30, SseJ) along with scrambled peptides of the same amino acid composition that produced high (SseJ-H) and low (SseJ-L) SIEVE scores. The secretion properties of these three peptides were tested using a secretion signal-CyaA fusion assay and their structural properties probed using circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance, and ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry. The secretion predictions from SIEVE matched signal-CyaA fusion experimental results with J774 macrophages suggesting that the SseJ secretion signal has some sequence order dependence. The structural studies showed that the SseJ, SseJ-H, and SseJ-L peptides were intrinsically disordered in aqueous solution with a small predisposition to adopt nascent helical structure only in the presence of structure stabilizing agents such as 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol. Intrinsic disorder may be a universal feature of effector secretion signals as similar conclusions were reached following structural characterization of peptides corresponding to the N-terminal regions of the S. Typhimurium effectors SptP, SopD-2, GtgE, and the Yersinia pestis effector YopH.
Long-term study of patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment shows that dapagliflozin reduces weight and blood pressure but does not improve glycemic control (2013)

In patients with diabetes, glycemic improvement by sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition depends on the kidney's ability to filter glucose. Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, reduces hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes and normal or mildly impaired renal function. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study we assessed daily treatment with dapagliflozin in 252 patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment. The primary endpoint, the mean change in HbA1c, was not statistically different from placebo after 24 weeks (-0.41% and -0.44% for 5- and 10-mg doses, respectively, and -0.32% for placebo). The mean weight change from baseline was -1.54 and -1.89 kg for the 5- and 10-mg doses, respectively, and +0.21 kg for placebo. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased in the dapagliflozin groups compared to placebo. Through 104 weeks, 13 patients receiving dapagliflozin and no patients receiving placebo experienced bone fracture. At 1 week, the mean serum creatinine increased with dapagliflozin 5 mg (+0.13 mg/dl) and 10 mg (+0.18 mg/dl) and did not change further after 104 weeks. Mean serum electrolytes did not change in any group, and there were fewer episodes of hyperkalemia with dapagliflozin than placebo. Thus, in patients with moderate renal impairment, dapagliflozin did not improve glycemic control, but reduced weight and blood pressure.
<i>PolySNAP3</i>: a computer program for analysing and visualizing high-throughput data from diffraction and spectroscopic sources (2009)

PolySNAP3 is a computer program for the classification of powder diffraction, spectroscopic and numerical data either separately or combined. A correlation matrix is generated by matching full data profiles; for numerical data the standard Euclidean distance is calculated. The matrices are combined by the INDSCAL method [Carroll & Chang (1970). Psychometria , 35 , 283–319] to give either a single interpretation of the data or combinations of any of the data types. Cluster analysis, multivariate data analysis and extensive data visualization routines are used to automatically classify the patterns into groups, validate the classification, and thus identify polymorphs, mixtures and salts.
Sequencing <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> Typing Phages Gamma and Cherry Reveals a Common Ancestry (2006)

The genetic relatedness of the Bacillus anthracis typing phages Gamma and Cherry was determined by nucleotide sequencing and comparative analysis. The genomes of these two phages were identical except at three variable loci, which showed heterogeneity within individual lysates and among Cherry, Wbeta, Fah, and four Gamma bacteriophage sequences.
Unexpected Microwave Reaction of 1,3‐Disubstituted Imidazolium Salts: A Novel Synthesis of 1,3‐Disubstituted Imidazole‐2‐thiones (2007)

Abstract Microwave‐promoted reaction of 1,3‐disubstituted imidazolium salts with potassium thioacetate or potassium thiocyanate under solvent‐free conditions provided a rapid and efficient synthesis of 1,3‐disubstituted imidazole‐2‐thiones.
Interaction of the C-terminal Domain of p43 and the α Subunit of ATP Synthase (2002)

Human p43 is associated with macromolecular tRNA synthase complex and known as a precursor of endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II). Interestingly, p43 is also secreted to induce proinflammatory genes. Although p43 itself seems to be a cytokine working at physiological conditions, most of the functional studies have been obtained with its C-terminal equivalent, EMAP II. To gain an insight into the working mechanism of p43/EMAP II, we used EMAP II and searched for an interacting cell surface molecule. The level of EMAP II-binding molecule(s) was significantly increased in serum-starved tumor cells. Thus, the EMAP II-binding molecule was isolated from the membrane of the serum-starved CEM cell. The isolated protein was determined to be the alpha subunit of ATP synthase. The interaction of EMAP II and alpha-ATP synthase was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and in vitro pull down assays and blocked with the antibodies raised against EMAP II and alpha-ATP synthase. The binding of EMAP II to the surface of serum-starved cells was inhibited in the presence of soluble alpha-ATP synthase. EMAP II inhibited the growth of endothelial cells, and this effect was relieved by soluble alpha-ATP synthase. Anti-alpha-ATP synthase antibody also showed an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of endothelial cells mimicking the activity of EMAP II. These results suggest the potential interaction of p43/EMAP II with alpha-ATP synthase and its role in the proliferation of endothelial cells.
Incorporation of Heterocycles into the Backbone of Peptoids to Generate Diverse Peptoid-Inspired One Bead One Compound Libraries (2012)

Combinatorial libraries of peptoids (oligo-N-substituted glycines) have proven to be useful sources of protein ligands. Each unit of the peptoid oligomer is derived from 2-haloacetic acid and a primary amine. To increase the chemical diversity available in peptoid libraries, we demonstrate here that heterocyclic halomethyl carboxylic acids can be employed as backbone building blocks in the synthesis of peptoid-based oligomers. Optimized conditions are reported that allow the creation of large, high quality combinatorial libraries containing these units.
Component-based software engineering (CBSE) (2002)

Component-based software engineering or CBSE represents a new development paradigm: assembling software systems from components. This research area has raised a tremendous amount of interests both in the research community and in the software industry-a rare phenomenon in the field of software engineering. The paper discusses the technology infrastructure necessary to support CBSE. In particular, the authors present the results produced by the CBSE research project conducted at Andersen Consulting in the context of how their approach and tools automate a component-based development paradigm.
Detecting Object Boundaries Using Low-, Mid-, and High-level Information (2007)

Object boundary detection and segmentation is a central problem in computer vision. The importance of combining low-level, mid-level, and high-level cues has been realized in recent literature. However, it is unclear how to efficiently and effectively engage and fuse different levels of information. In this paper, we emphasize a learning based approach to explore different levels of information, both implicitly and explicitly. First, we learn low-level cues for object boundaries and interior regions using a probabilistic boosting tree (PBT). Second, we learn short and long range context information based on the results from the first stage. Both stages implicitly contain object-specific information such as texture and local geometry, and it is shown that this implicit knowledge is extremely powerful. Third, we use high-level shape information explicitly to further refine the object segmentation and to parse the object into components. The algorithm is trained and tested on a challenging dataset of horses [2], and the results obtained are very encouraging compared with other approaches. In detailed experiments we show significantly better performance (e.g. F-values of 0.75 compared to 0.66) than the best comparable reported performance on this dataset. Furthermore, the system only needs 1.5 minutes for a typical image. Although our system is illustrated on horse images, the approach can be directly applied to detecting/segmenting other types of objects.
Secure and efficient key management technique in quantum cryptography network (2012)

In conventional security mechanism, security services based on symmetric key cryptography assume keys to be distributed prior to secure communications. The core function of exchanging and sharing a secret key between two endpoints are the secure key management methodology which is one of the most critical elements need to be more concerned when integrating cryptographic functions into the system. In case the key management mechanisms is weak can lead to the vulnerability holes or a potentially fatal outsider attacks as the harmful effects to the system. Since, there is still no standardized architecture or protocol that can provide cross application symmetric key management services. Therefore, this paper approaches a secure key management model and its custom protocols to build Thailand quantum trusted network with offers simultaneous quantum key distribution to multiple user overtime. Consequently, the proposed technique has also overcome the limitation of quantum point-to-point key sharing. Based on the discussion of key management security requirement, deal with generic key management concepts and designing the new custom protocols to close the possibility loopholes, to offers reliability and convenience of use, as well as to introduce a secure and efficient key management technique for quantum cryptography network in Thailand where any communication services can take place.
Classification of microseismic events from bitumen production at Cold Lake, Alberta (2007)

This work develops and tests microseism event-classification techniques. Research was performed in collaboration with CREWES using microseismic data from Cold Lake, Alberta that was provided by Imperial Oil Ltd. The objective was to develop passiveseismic signal classification algorithms capable of precisely and automatically distinguishing between microseismic events warranting further investigation from noise events that are generally not of interest. Novel methods involving frequency-filtering, event-length detection, and statistical analysis were developed. After extensive testing, it was found that developed statistical analysis algorithms performed best. Principal components analysis was applied to statistical analysis algorithm outputs to optimize classification. A MATLAB ® implementation scheme was created that yielded classification accuracies between 90% and 99.5% when tested on a wide range of datasets. Given that up to tens of thousands of microseismic events are detected daily at Cold Lake, this work could have significant future impact.
Assessment of Tocilizumab (Anti–Interleukin-6 Receptor Monoclonal) as a Potential Treatment for Chronic Antibody-Mediated Rejection and Transplant Glomerulopathy in HLA-Sensitized Renal Allograft Recipients (2017)

Extending the functional integrity of renal allografts is the primary goal of transplant medicine. The development of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) posttransplantation leads to chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (cAMR) and transplant glomerulopathy (TG), resulting in the majority of graft losses that occur in the United States. This reduces the quality and length of life for patients and increases cost. There are no approved treatments for cAMR. Evidence suggests the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) may play an important role in DSA generation and cAMR. We identified 36 renal transplant patients with cAMR plus DSAs and TG who failed standard of care treatment with IVIg plus rituximab with or without plasma exchange. Patients were offered rescue therapy with the anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal tocilizumab with monthly infusions and monitored for DSAs and long-term outcomes. Tocilizumab-treated patients demonstrated graft survival and patient survival rates of 80% and 91% at 6 years, respectively. Significant reductions in DSAs and stabilization of renal function were seen at 2 years. No significant adverse events or severe adverse events were seen. Tocilizumab provides good long-term outcomes for patients with cAMR and TG, especially compared with historical published treatments. Inhibition of the IL-6-IL-6 receptor pathway may represent a novel approach to stabilize allograft function and extend patient lives.
Sheaf semantics for concurrent interacting objects (1992)

This paper uses concepts from sheaf theory to explain phenomena in concurrent systems, including object, inheritance, deadlock, and non-interference, as used in computer security. The approach is very; general, and applies not only to concurrent object oriented systems, but also to systems of differential equations, electrical circuits, hardware description languages, and much more. Time can be discrete or continuous, linear or branching, and distribution is allowed over space as well as time. Concepts from categpru theory help to achieve this generality: objects are modelled by sheaves; inheritance by sheaf morphisms; systems by diagrams; and interconnection by diagrams of diagrams. In addition, behaviour is given by limit, and the result of interconnection by colimit. The approach is illustrated with many examples, including a semantics for a simple concurrent object-based programming language.
First results from the ANTARES neutrino telescope (2012)

The ANTARES detector is the most sensitive neutrino telescope observing the southern sky and the world's first particle detector operating in the deep sea. It is installed in the Mediterranean Sea at a depth of 2475 m. As an example of early results, the determination of the atmospheric muon flux is discussed and a good agreement with previous measurements is found. Furthermore, the results of a search for high-energy events in excess of the atmospheric neutrino flux are reported and significant limits are set on the diffuse cosmic neutrino flux in the multi-TeV to PeV energy range. Using data from more than 800 days of effective data taking, partly during the construction phase, a first analysis searching for point-like excesses in the neutrino sky distribution has been performed. The resulting sensitivity of ANTARES is reported and compared to measurements of other detectors. A method employed for a first search for neutrinos from Fermi-detected gamma-ray flaring blazars in the last 4 months of 2008 is described and the results are reported. No significant neutrino signal in excess of that expected from atmospheric background has been found.
p53‐independent DNA repair and cell cycle arrest in embryonic stem cells (1998)

The role of p53 in DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint after ultraviolet irradiation was investigated in an embryonic stem cell line homozygous for a targeted deletion of p53. Results indicate that loss of p53 does not alter the capacity of ES cells to respond to DNA damage. Wild‐type and p53‐deficient cells showed similar cessation of DNA synthesis after UV damage and similar ultimate capacity to repair a transiently transfected reporter plasmid. Interestingly, in the absence of DNA damaging treatment, the transit of p53‐deficient cells through S phase was slower than wild‐type cells. We suggest that this may result from the absence of a p53‐dependent response to endogenous DNA damage: without p53 sensing endogenous damage leading to immediate repair, such damage may persist and thus delay DNA synthesis.
Binning spectral images in a charge-coupled device (CCD). Technical report (1988)

A charge-coupled device (CCD) can selectively combine photogenerated charge from several detector elements into a single charge packet by a charge-readout mode called binning. This article focuses on the use of charge binning in a two-dimensional CCD for increasing the sensitivity and dynamic range of spectroscopic measurements. Binning allows the effective detector element size to be matched to the size of the slit image. Equations describing the signal to noise ration and dynamic range of the binned readout of spectral lines are developed. Results of binning to increase the sensitivity of atomic emission and molecular fluorescence measurements are presented. An intraspectral dynamic range of 500,000 is achieved by mixing binned and normal readout modes of a Hg atomic emission spectrum. Practical factors related to binning spectral images including spectral line orientation, readout speed, and blooming are discussed.
Preclinical Assessment of Simultaneous Targeting of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (ERBB1) and ERBB2 as a Strategy for Cholangiocarcinoma Therapy†,‡ (2010)

Our findings suggest that simultaneous targeting of ErbB1 and ErbB2 could be a potentially selective strategy for cholangiocarcinoma therapy, but is likely to be ineffective by itself against advanced cancer.