gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical application of fuzzy‐controlled blood pressure stabilization in patients prone to hypotension during hemodialysis (2009)

Abstract BACKGROUND The prevalence of intradialytic hypotensive events is still high in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). A biofeedback control system to prevent hypotensive destabilization of the patient during hemodialysis was developed. METHODS A blood pressure (BP)–guided closed‐loop system consists of a non‐invasive blood pressure measurement device connected to a fuzzy controller (FC). It regulates ultrafiltration rate (UFR) and dialysate conductivity (DC) depending on the actual BP and its short‐ and long‐term trends as well. Twenty‐eight HD patients prone to hypotension were selected for the study. In 102 HD sessions it was proven whether an increase in DC from 14.3 mS/cm to a maximum of 17.0 mS/cm infl uenced the serum sodium concentration of the patients and interdialytic weight gain (IDGW), when DC was reset to 14.3 mS/cm for the remaining 60 minutes of treatment. In the next step, 69 conventional HD sessions without the fuzzy controller and 144 sessions with fuzzy‐controlled ultrafiltration were compared with 32 sessions with simultaneous fuzzy‐controlled ultrafiltration and modification of dialysate conductivity. RESULTS No significant differences in serum sodium concentration and weight gain were observed when DC was reset for the remaining 60 minutes of treatment. In conventional HD the frequency of low blood pressure situations, <90 mmHg, increased progressively toward the end of the treatment. The HD treatments with fuzzy‐controlled UFR resulted in no increases in the number of hypotensive episodes. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the third and fourth treatment hours. The simultaneous fuzzy control of UFR + DC resulted in the lowest occurrence of BP drops. CONCLUSIONS Fuzzy control of HD treatments provides reliable blood pressure stabilization in patients prone to hypotension. This kind of treatment is safe because significant changes in body weight and serum sodium concentration do not occur. The cost of this treatment is limited because no special disposables are necessary.
Probability; an Introduction (1960)

Excellent basic text covers set theory, probability theory for finite sample spaces, binomial theorem, probability distributions, means, standard deviations, probability function of binomial distribution, more. Includes 360 problems with answers for half.
Microfluidics:  From Dynamic Lattices to Periodic Arrays of Polymer Disks (2005)

We used coupling of flow and geometric confinement to assemble emulsion droplets in two-dimensional gliding lattices with a high degree of order and symmetry. Highly monodisperse discoid droplets with circular shapes were generated in a microfluidic flow-focusing device. Originally, close-packed lattices formed from these circular discoid droplets. Progressive confinement led to the gradual deformation of the circular disks: first, they elongated in the direction parallel to the direction of flow and then transformed into hexagons. Assembly driven by the combination of flow and confinement also allowed for the formation of lattices from droplets with a bimodal size distribution. We used photopolymerization of the monomer droplets to trap the lattice structure in the solid state and produce highly periodic arrays of solid polymer disks.
Double-stage cross-gain modulation in SOAs: an effective technique for WDM multicasting (2005)

We experimentally demonstrate an optical circuit capable of multiwavelength conversion. The circuit structure is intrinsically stable and polarization independent. It may thus be a practical solution for wavelength-division multiplexing multicasting applications. Its working principle relies on synchronous double-stage cross-gain modulation in SOAs between an incoming data-modulated signal and several local continuous wave lasers. We report the simultaneous wavelength conversion of an input 10Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero to eight 200-GHz-spaced output channels. The obtained signals show only a moderate optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty.
A Ferroxidation/Permeation Iron Uptake System Is Required for Virulence in<i>Ustilago maydis</i> (2006)

In the smut fungus Ustilago maydis, a tightly regulated cAMP signaling cascade is necessary for pathogenic development. Transcriptome analysis using whole genome microarrays set up to identify putative target genes of the protein kinase A catalytic subunit Adr1 revealed nine genes with putative functions in two high-affinity iron uptake systems. These genes locate to three gene clusters on different chromosomes and include the previously identified complementing siderophore auxotroph genes sid1 and sid2 involved in siderophore biosynthesis. Transcription of all nine genes plus three additional genes associated with the gene clusters was also coregulated by iron through the Urbs1 transcription factor. Two components of a high-affinity iron uptake system were characterized in more detail: fer2, encoding a high-affinity iron permease; and fer1, encoding an iron multicopper oxidase. Fer2 localized to the plasma membrane and complemented an ftr1 mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking a high-affinity iron permease. During pathogenic development, fer2 expression was confined to the phase of hyphal proliferation inside the plant. fer2 as well as fer1 deletion mutants were strongly affected in virulence. These data highlight the importance of the high-affinity iron uptake system via an iron permease and a multicopper oxidase for biotrophic development in the U. maydis/maize (Zea mays) pathosystem.
STUDY THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PEAT (2013)

Are studying the chemical composition of the peat of the Republic of Tuva. The paper presents the elemental composition of the peat, determined by semi-quantitative spectral analysis of macro and micronutrient content in the ash of peat. A characteristic feature of fl ora is their ability to synthesize and accumulate large amounts of natural compounds belonging to the phenolic products. Defi ned content polysaccharides, lignin, extractives and phenolic compounds in samples of peat. The data on total output and free samples of humic acids from peat. In recent years, the rapid growth of research in the chemistry of humic acids. Due to the presence in the structure of humic acid carboxyl, phenolic, carbonyl groups and amino groups, these compounds are able to form stable complexes with heavy metal ions and can be used to separate them from the wastewater metallurgical industries, as well as for remediation of areas contaminated with heavy metals. To increase the yield of humic acid used mechanical and mechanochemical activation. The mechanical activation of the shock-shear effect is accompanied by grinding and disordered structure of peat, this fact greatly facilitates the selection of components. Mechanochemical production of biologically active substances of plant origin are based on a solid phase transformation of these substances in the soluble form by machining of powder mixtures of vegetable raw materials and specially selected agents. After mechanical activation of peat is a signifi cant increase in the yield of humic acids..
A low-distortion K-band GaAs power FET (1988)

A K-band low-distortion GaAs power MESFET was developed by incorporating a pulse-type channel doping profile using molecular-beam-epitaxial technology and a novel 0.3- mu m T-shaped gate. The low-distortion FETs offer about 10 to 15 dBc improvement in second-harmonic distortion compared to devices fabricated on a uniformity doped active layer. Significantly larger power load-pull contours are obtained with the low-distortion devices, indicating the improved linearity of these devices. In an 8-20-GHz single-stage broad-band amplifier, up to 10 dBc improvement in harmonic performance was achieved using the low-distortion device. This low-distortion device exhibits very linear transconductance as a function of the gate bias. A typical 750- mu m-gate-width device is capable of 26 dBm of output power with 6 dB of gain, and power-added efficiency in excess of 35% when measured at 18 GHz. At 25 GHz, the device is capable of 24 dBm of output power with 5 dB associated gain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphoma. Prognostic factors predictive of survival (1991)

In an attempt to determine factors predictive of survival in patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma, the authors studied 60 such patients, all of whom were treated with curative intent. Eleven patients presented with lymphoma primary to the brain (P-CNS); the remaining 49 had systemic AIDS-related lymphoma. Patients with P-CNS lymphoma had more severe underlying HIV-related disease than did patients with systemic lymphoma as evidenced by a higher incidence of AIDS before the diagnosis of lymphoma (73% versus 37%; P = 0.04), and lower median number of CD-4-positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood at diagnosis of lymphoma (30/dl versus 189/dl; P = 0.005). Median survival of such patients was 2.5 months versus 6.0 months for patients with systemic lymphoma (P = 0.04). Forty patients with systemic AIDS-related lymphoma have died; three factors were strongly associated with shorter survival: (1) Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of less than 70% (multivariate relative survival risk [RSR] = 3.1); (2) history of AIDS before the diagnosis of lymphoma (multivariate RSR = 3.0 for opportunistic infection plus Kaposi's sarcoma); and (3) bone marrow involvement (RSR = 3.1)). All three factors (KPS of less than 70%, prior AIDS diagnosis, and marrow involvement) were associated with early demise attributed to AIDS, whereas death attributed to lymphoma per se was associated with only two factors (KPS of less than 70% and marrow involvement). In the absence of all three risk factors, a "good prognosis" group of 17 patients was defined, with a median survival of 11.3 months; the median survival of the remaining patients ("poor prognosis") was 4.0 months (P = 0.0002). Attainment of complete response to therapy (CR) was strongly related to prolonged survival in the patients in the good prognosis group (17.8 months in patients with CR versus 5.0 months in those with less than CR); however, such meaningful prolongation of survival was not seen in patients with poor prognosis who attained CR (6.3 months versus 3.4 months). The patients with poor prognosis may be unable to tolerate the insult of multiagent chemotherapy, experiencing low CR rates (25%) and death caused by lymphoma and AIDS. However, patients in either prognostic category who attained CR remained at risk for dying of AIDS while the lymphoma was in remission. Thus, it is apparent that meaningful prolongation of survival in the patient with AIDS-related lymphoma will require not only effective antineoplastic intervention, but also control of the underlying HIV infection. In addition, future therapeutic trials should stratify patients based upon the prognostic factors defined here in an attempt to clarify the results obtained.
The oxygen coordinations of lithium (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe oxygen coordinations of lithiumGabrielle Donnay and J. W. Gryder Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 4, 223Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1965Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1965Published inissue 1 April 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/ed042p223Request reuse permissions Article Views140Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (628 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recurrent Clustering for Unsupervised Feature Extraction with Application to Sequence Detection (2012)

In many unsupervised learning applications both spatial and temporal regularities in the data need to be represented. Traditional clustering algorithms, which are commonly employed by unsupervised learning engines, lack the ability to naturally capture temporal dependencies. In supervised learning methods, temporal features are often learned through the use of a feedback (or recurrent) signal. Drawing inspiration from the Elman recurrent neural network, we introduce a winner-take-all based recurrent clustering algorithm that is able to identify temporal regularities in an unsupervised manner. We explore the potential pitfalls that result from adding feedback to an incremental clustering algorithm and apply the proposed technique to several time series inference problems in the context of semi-supervised learning. The results clearly indicate that the framework can be broadly applied with particular relevance to scalable deep machine learning architectures.
Closing the gastrin loop in pancreatic carcinoma (2000)

The results of the current study demonstrate that alpha-amidated gastrin peptides and their receptor invariably are coexpressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Therefore these findings support the contention of a role for local gastrin regulatory mechanisms, but no CCK mechanisms, in pancreatic carcinoma.
New way of body composition analysis using total body electrical conductivity method (1995)

Traditional methods of measuring total body water and fat content of animals that require sacrificing specimens are generally unacceptable when endangered species, or large animal sizes, or humans are involved. These methods are also unsuitable for following changes of fat and water content in individuals. An alternative method, based on the nonresonant absorption of a rf electromagnetic field has been used for constructing a new body composition analyzer. As the electrical conductivity of lipids is approximately 20 times lower than that of lean tissues, the rf power absorbed by the animal provides information which enables one to calculate the lean body mass and total body water. The new instrument measures rf power absorbed by an animal by measuring the quality factor (Q) of the resonant circuit with an animal placed inside the coil. Numerical calculations of the rf power absorbed by a cylindrical object containing 0.9% NaCl aqueous solution have also been performed. Experimental values confirmed the calculated dependence of the absorbed power on the cylinder radius. The device built has been calibrated on 9 males and 11 females of laboratory mice. The amount of lipids was then measured by ether extraction. The relation between instrument reading, which is proportional to the power absorption, and lean body mass (LBM) or water mass (WM) was linear and highly significant: the simple regression coefficients of determination were 0.983 for LBM, and 0.990 for WM (p&lt;0.001). It has been found that for an individual animal with a body mass ranging from 15.9 to 40.7 g, the accuracy of measurement was ±1.6 g for LBM and ±1 g for WM.
Fate of microbicidal 3-isothiazolone compounds in the environment. Products of degradation (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFate of microbicidal 3-isothiazolone compounds in the environment. Products of degradationStephen F. Krzeminski, Charles K. Brackett, James D. Fisher, and Joseph F. SpinnlerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 6, 1068–1075Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60202a054https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60202a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views479Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Model transfer among CASE tools in systems engineering (2004)

Abstract Systems engineering as a core discipline of technical product development uses a variety of different Computer‐Aided Systems Engineering (CASE) tools. Very often the need arises for data transfer between such tools. Currently, due to insufficient interface formats, a labor‐intensive manual transfer of data is necessary. A step towards improving data exchange between systems engineering tools along the process life cycle is the definition of standard interface formats such as the application protocol (AP) framework of ISO Standards for the Exchange of Product Data (STEP). The aim of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the implementations of the Systems Engineering Data Representation and Exchange Standard (SEDRES/AP233) information model with regard to supporting data exchange, to propose improvements for the emerging modular AP233 ISO standard and to provide solutions for the observed problems. The solutions proposed in this paper were developed while designing, developing, and using a STEP ISO 10303–SEDRES conformant import and export interface for the tools Teamwork, Statemate, and the requirement management tool DOORS. The developed interfaces demonstrate that the SEDRES information model is an efficient medium for tool and vendor independent transfer of systems engineering information. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 8: 41–50, 2005
Cirugía de partes blandas. Quistes (2002)

Summary In this report, the cysts more common that have noted on the foot in the Clinica Podologica of the Barcelona University are defined, besides the clinical characteristics and the histological study of each one of them. Finally, a differential diagnosis has been inserted.
Bucky ferrocene. Hybrid of ferrocene and fullerene (2003)

Abstract The idea of “bucky ferrocene” intrigues chemists owing to its aesthetic beauty and to its polarized, extended conjugated system, but the idea has remained hypothetical. The synthesis of close analogs of Fe(C60Me5)Cp and Fe(C70Me3)Cp was achieved in two steps from [60] and [70]fullerenes, relying on an oxidative C–H bond activation starting with an iron(I) complex and the corresponding cyclopentadienyl precursors, respectively. The molecules can be regarded as members of a new organometallic conjugated system connected to a graphitic system. Numerous synthetic transformations and self-organization procedures that are known for the parent ferrocenes and fullerenes are expected to be employable toward productive use of the ferrocene/fullerene hybrid molecules in chemistry and materials sciences.
A SCREENED BRIDGE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTANCE. I. THEORY OF CAPACITY ERRORS. II. DESCRIPTION OF THE BRIDGE (1930)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA SCREENED BRIDGE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTANCE. I. THEORY OF CAPACITY ERRORS. II. DESCRIPTION OF THE BRIDGETheodore ShedlovskyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1930, 52, 5, 1793–1805Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1930Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1930https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01368a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01368a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Innovative Verbesserungen bei Thermal Response Tests (2006)

Thermal Response Tests sind in Europa, Nordamerika und Ostasien zu einem Standardverfahren zur Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Untergrundes geworden. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit ist ein wesentlicher Kennwert zur Auslegung von Erdwärmesonden. Zur Durchführung sind in den letzten Jahren Anlagen entwickelt worden, die durch ihre Grösse, Gewicht und Performance eine hohe Mobilität und Flexibilität gewährleisten und damit zunehmend zur Anwendung gelangen können. Bei der Interpretation von Thermal Response Tests wird traditionell die Lösung der Linienquelle genutzt, die nach hinreichend langer Messzeit eine quasi-stationäre Auswertung gestattet. Da die grundlegenden Transportgleichungen für Wärme und inkompressbilbe Flüssigkeiten die gleiche Form haben, lassen sich Analogien zur hydraulischen Testinterpretation (im Grundwasser) auch bei Thermal Response Tests heranziehen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, ausgehend von einer Analyse des gegenwärtigen Standes von Testdurchführung und Interpretation, Möglichkeiten und Beispiele zur Adaption von Methodiken und numerischen Verfahren zu einer erweiterten Interpretation von Thermal Response Tests auf. Das Ziel der Verfahren ist dabei letztlich eine Verkürzung der Messzeiten, Flexibilisierung der thermischen Anregung durch beliebige Zeitverläufe und, wenn möglich, Gewinnung weiterer Informationen (Parameter) des zu nutzenden Untergrundes.
Polyaromatic Structures as Organo-Photoinitiator Catalysts for Efficient Visible Light Induced Dual Radical/Cationic Photopolymerization and Interpenetrated Polymer Networks Synthesis (2012)

Different polyaromatic structures (truxene derivatives and tris(aza)pentacene) are presented as new metal-free organic photocatalysts (OPC) to promote free radical polymerization FRP and ring-opening polymerization (ROP) under halogen lamp, household LED bulb, and laser diode (405 nm). These OPCs exhibit interesting light absorption properties and lead, through an oxidative catalytic cycle, to the formation of radicals and ions that can initiate both free radical polymerization FRP and ring-opening polymerization ROP. Interestingly, excellent polymerization profiles are obtained even upon visible light exposure. Using these very soft irradiation conditions, acrylate/epoxide blends are also easily polymerized under air and lead to the formation of interpenetrated polymer networks IPN exhibiting no phase separation.