gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of optical pulse train generation throughfiltering of an externally phase-modulated signalfrom a CW laser (1995)

The authors present an analysis of pulse-train generation through the filtering of the signal from an externally phase-modulated CW laser, and determine the exact filtering conditions for high quality pulse train generation. [This article has been reprinted due to the significance of the corrections. The article appears in 1995, issue 25, p.2198–2199.]
Do Jumps Matter in the Long Term? A Tale of Two Horizons (2021)

Economic scenario generators (ESGs) for equities are important components of the valuation and risk management process of life insurance and pension plans. Because the resulting liabilities are very long-lived and the short-term performance of the assets backing these liabilities may trigger important losses, it is thus a desired feature of an ESG to replicate equity returns over such horizons. In light of this horizon duality, we investigate the relevance of jumps in ESGs to replicate dynamics over different horizons and compare their performance to popular models in actuarial science. We show that jump-diffusion models cannot replicate higher moments if estimated with the maximum likelihood. Using a generalized method of moments–based approach, however, we find that simple jump-diffusion models have an excellent fit overall (moments and the entire distribution) at different timescales. We also investigate three typical applications: the value of $1 accumulated with no intermediate monitoring, a solvency analysis with frequent monitoring, and a dynamic portfolio problem. We find that jumps have long-lasting effects that are difficult to replicate otherwise, so, yes, jumps do matter in the long term.
MTurk Crowdsourcing: A Viable Method for Rapid Discovery of Arabic Nicknames? (2010)

This paper presents findings on using crowdsourcing via Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) to obtain Arabic nicknames as a contribution to exiting Named Entity (NE) lexicons. It demonstrates a strategy for increasing MTurk participation from Arab countries. The researchers validate the nicknames using experts, MTurk workers, and Google search and then compare them against the Database of Arabic Names (DAN). Additionally, the experiment looks at the effect of pay rate on speed of nickname collection and documents an advertising effect where MTurk workers respond to existing work batches, called Human Intelligence Tasks (HITs), more quickly once similar higher paying HITs are posted. 1
Multicomponent Fe-Based Glassy Alloys with Wide Supercooled Liquid Region before Crystallization (1995)

The glassy alloy containing 2 at% Ge in the Fe74−xAl5P11C6B4Gex system was found to cause the extension of the supercooled liquid region, ΔTx(=Tx−Tg) defined by the difference between crystallization temperature (Tx) and glass transition temperature (Tg) to 60 K, though the ΔTx value of the Ge-free Fe74Al5P11C6B4 glassy alloy is 45 K. The remarkable increase in ΔTx is attributed to the increase in Tx exceeding the degree of the increase in Tg. The Fe72Al5P11C6B4Ge2 glassy alloy has good bending ductility and ferromagnetism with Curie temperature at 590 K, in addition to the appearance of the wide supercooled liquid region. The crystallization of the glassy alloy containing 2%Ge takes place through a single stage and the crystallized structure consists of α-Fe, Fe3P, Fe3C, Fe3B and Fe2B phases. There are no appreciable changes with Ge content in the crystallized structure and the single-stage crystallization process leading to the simultaneous precipitation of the five crystalline phases. The effectiveness of 2%Ge on the increase in ΔTx is presumably due to the retardation of crystallization caused by the decrease in the formation tendency of Fe3C, Fe3B and Fe2B phases resulting from the existence of Ge which is soluble to Fe and insoluble to B and C.
New Synthetic Method of Musk Ambrette (1963)

Ambrette musk has a chemical structure of 2, 4-dinitro-6-t-butyl-1-anisole and elegant musk-like aroma. The usual method of its synthesis is as follows; cresol is used as a raw material, its phenolic hydroxyl group is converted into a methoxy group, then t-butyl group is introduced, and finally two nitro groups are introduced The author tried to introduce t-butyl group in m-cresol at first, and then convert the phenolic hydroxyl group into methoxy group and finally to introduce two nitro groups, and then succeeded to produce ambrette musk with good yield. A new synthetic procedure having many advantages for present process was thus established.
<title>Adaptive neural control of aeroelastic response</title> (1996)

The Adaptive Neural Control of Aeroelastic Response (ANCAR) program is a joint research and development effort conducted by McDonnell Douglas Aerospace (MDA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center (NASA LaRC) under a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA). The purpose of the MOA is to cooperatively develop the smart structure technologies necessary for alleviating undesirable vibration and aeroelastic response associated with highly flexible structures. Adaptive control can reduce aeroelastic response associated with buffet and atmospheric turbulence, it can increase flutter margins, and it may be able to reduce response associated with nonlinear phenomenon like limit cycle oscillations. By reducing vibration levels and loads, aircraft structures can have lower acquisition cost, reduced maintenance, and extended lifetimes. Phase I of the ANCAR program involved development and demonstration of a neural network-based semi-adaptive flutter suppression system which used a neural network for scheduling control laws as a function of Mach number and dynamic pressure. This controller was tested along with a robust fixed-gain control law in NASA's Transonic Dynamics Tunnel (TDT) utilizing the Benchmark Active Controls Testing (BACT) wing. During Phase II, a fully adaptive on-line learning neural network control system has been developed for flutter suppression which will be tested in 1996. This paper presents the results of Phase I testing as well as the development progress of Phase II.
Tunable millimeter-wave band-stop filter using electromagnetic crystal (EMXT) surfaces (2004)

Electromagnetic crystals (EMXT), also known as photonic bandgap crystals when used in optical applications, are periodic electromagnetic structures that may consist of both dielectric and conductors. This paper presents the results of band-stop filters using the high surface impedance EMXT surfaces as the top and bottom walls of a rectangular waveguide. Fixed-tuned waveguide band-stop filters using passive EMXT surfaces with different resonant frequencies were made and demonstrated. Tunable EMXT surfaces based on InP heterostructure barrier varactors (HBV) were fabricated and used to demonstrate a proof-of-concept band-stop filter with its rejection band tuned from 31 to 36.3 GHz with a DC bias voltage from 0 to 10 V.
Unilateral pudendal neuropathy (1996)

A significant number of patients with pelvic floor disorders have only unilateral pudendal neuropathy. Patients with unilaterally prolonged PNTML should be considered to have pudendal neuropathy, despite normal value for mean PNTML. This fact may be relevant in planning surgical treatment and in predicting prognosis of patients with sphincter injuries.
5-YEAR URINARY AND SEXUAL OUTCOMES AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: RESULTS FROM THE PROSTATE CANCER OUTCOMES STUDY (2005)

Urinary and sexual dysfunction were common 5 years following radical prostatectomy in this large, community based cohort of prostate cancer survivors. While a small minority of subjects experienced changes in urinary or sexual function between years 2 and 5 after prostatectomy, functional outcomes remained relatively stable in the majority of participants.
Discrimination between Printed and Handwritten Text in Documents (2010)

Recognition techniques for printed and handwritten text in scanned documents are significantly different. In this paper, we propose method to automatically identify the signature in the scanned document images. This helps to retrieve the document images based on the signature. A simple region growing algorithm is used to segment the document into a number of patches. A patch is composed of many closely located components. A component is a one piece of connected foreground pixels (say 8 connectivity). We extracted the state features of all the patches to identify the signature in the document images. A label for each such segmented patch is inferred using neural network model (NN) and support vector machine (SVM). These models are flexible enough to include signature as a type of handwriting and isolate it from machine-print. From experimental results we found that classification rate for SVM is superior over NN. General Terms Pattern Recognition, data mining, document image retrieval.
Influence of Oxygen Content on the Mechanical Properties of Titanium-35Niobium-7Zirconium-5Tantalum Beta Titanium Alloy (2006)

Titanium-35Niobium-7Zirconium-5Tantalum beta titanium alloy (also known as TiOsteum® beta titanium alloy) is a new metallic biomaterial that was designed to have outstanding osseointegratabilty, good mechanical strength, improved ductility, very low elastic modulus, and good hot and cold workability [1]. In this study, mechanical property data are presented from several TiOsteum alloy production lots with ingot oxygen contents ranging from 0.05 to 0.68%. Additionally, mill annealed mechanical property data collected over the last 10 to 15 years for the more common alpha, alpha-beta, and beta titanium alloys are presented as a function of oxygen content and compared to TiOsteum alloy. The influence of oxygen as an interstitial strengthening element is well established in titanium alloys. This study examines this effect over a broad range of oxygen values, and has significance for the application of the new TiOsteum alloy and other beta titanium alloys being considered for use in medical and surgical devices.
Hydrogen-Inclusion-Induced Critical Current Deviation of Nb/AlOx/Nb Josephson Junctions in Superconducting Integrated Circuits (2009)

Josephson junctions with niobium electrodes connected with palladium, which is employed in the bump metallization, have about 20% larger critical current density than those with electrodes not connected with palladium. This increase in the critical current density coincides with the desorption of hydrogen from the niobium electrodes. Hydrogen incorporates during the fabrication process and desorbs in an atmosphere when the niobium surface is covered with palladium. The decrease in hydrogen concentration in niobium electrodes causes an increase in the critical current density of the junctions. Most of the change can be attributed to the niobium work function change, with some of it due to the change in superconductivity of niobium. Elastic deformation can also be added as a cause. As hydrogen diffuses fast in niobium and stops in aluminum, hydrogen concentration differences arise within a circuit, which result in a critical current deviation beyond statistical scattering. This mechanism explains why the junctions at both ends of a serial array of circuits exhibit abnormal critical current about 20% larger than the average.
New Magnetic Material R3T System With Extremely Large Heat Capacities Used as Heat Regenerators (1990)

We developed a new magnetic material R3T system, where R is a rare earth metal and T a transition metal, used as a regenerator matrix in a conventional two-stage Gifford-McMahon (GM) type cryocooler. These compounds, especially Er3Ni (Erbium 3 Nickel), possess extremely large heat capacities between 4 K and room temperature because of their low Debye temperatures, about 150 K, and broadened large peaks in specific heat due to complicated ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic spin configura­tions near each transition temperature, for instance 7 K for Er3Ni.
Silicon drift and pixel devices for X-ray imaging and spectroscopy (2006)

Starting from the basic photon detection process in semiconductors, the function, principles and properties of sophisticated silicon detectors are discussed. These detectors are based on, or inspired by, the semiconductor drift detector. They have already shown their potential in X-ray astronomy (pn-CCD) and in X-ray spectroscopy (silicon drift diode), and further detector types (DEPFET pixel detector and macro-pixel detector) are under development for several other future experiments. The detectors seem to be very well suited for synchrotron radiation experiments.
Pattern recognition and biomarker validation using quantitative<sup>1</sup>H-NMR-based metabolomics (2006)

The collection of global metabolic data and their interpretation (both spectral and biochemical) using modern spectroscopic techniques and appropriate statistical approaches, are known as 'metabolic profiling', 'metabonomics' or 'metabolomics'. This review addresses 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic principles and their application in biomedical science, with special emphasis on their potential in translational research in transplantation, oncology, and drug toxicity or discovery. Various steps in metabolomics analysis are described in order to illustrate the types of biological samples, their respective handling and preparation for 1H-NMR analysis; provide a rationale for using pattern-recognition techniques (spectral database concept) versus quantitative 1H-NMR-based metabolomics (metabolite database concept); and identify necessary technological and logistical future developments that will allow 1H-NMR-based metabolomics to become an established tool in biomedical research and patient care.
Baker's yeast-mediated transformations of α-keto epoxides (1994)

αβ-Epoxy ketones on treatment with baker's yeast yield different types of products depending on their substitution. Small groups such as H or Me attached at the epoxy end protect that end from attack. Thus, 1-acyl epoxides with H, methyl or propyl as the 2-epoxy substituent give solely the epoxy alcohol product with moderate stereoselectivity (13–64% d.e.). With a 2-phenyl substituent the sole product is the 1,2,3-triol as a single racemic diastereoisomer derived by a reduction/hydrolysis sequence involving a syn ring-opening of the epoxide. More than one enzyme is probably involved in both of these transformations which tend to favour S-reduction. The detailed mechanism of product formation in both processes has been undertaken and the formation of the triols has been shown by 18O labelling studies to involve asymmetric reduction of the ketone and a double inversion during epoxide ring-opening involving a carbocation intermediate.
A New Route to Annulated Oligothiophenes. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The serotonin transporter is a potential susceptibility factor for bipolar affective disorder (1996)

The serotonin transporter is a strong candidate for aetiological involvement in affective disorders and psychosis. We analysed a VNTR in intron 2 of the human serotonin transporter gene (hSERT) for allelic association with bipolar affective disorder, unipolar depression and schizophrenia. An increased frequency of allele 12 of the VNTR was observed in subjects with bipolar affective disorder (n = 191; chi 2 p = 0.00048 by allele) but not unipolar depression (n = 86; chi 2 p = 0.18, ns) or schizophrenia (n = 129; chi 2 p = 0.08, ns), although a trend towards an excess of allele 12 was observed for the latter. There was also a significant difference in the frequency of allele 12 between bipolar affective disorder and unipolar depression (p = 0.0087). The relative risk for bipolar affective disorder with respect to allele 12 was 1.84 (95% CI 0.97-3.56) for heterozygotes, and 3.10 (95% CI 1.60-6.07) for homozygotes, with evidence for a gene-dosage effect. Because allele 12 is common in the population, the attributable risk is 50.8% (95% CI 14.5%-73.3%). We hypothesize that either the VNTR affects regulation of expression of hSERT at the transcriptional level or it is in linkage disequilibrium with another functional polymorphism in the gene, and this results in an increased risk for the development of bipolar affective disorder.
Work in progress: serial evaluation of tumor volume using computed tomography and contrast kinetics. (1983)

Computed tomography can be used to evaluate tumor volume changes after therapy. Pre- and posttreatment results are presented for nine human neoplasms. Volume changes are correlated with the behavior of intravenous diatrizoate contrast material. The five-minute diatrizoate distribution volume appears to be a potential contrast material marker for therapeutically induced tumor volume changes. Neoplasms decreasing in volume demonstrate a decrease in the diatrizoate distribution volume; those increasing in volume demonstrate an increase.
Administration of Recombinant Rhesus Interleukin-12 during Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Infection Leads to Decreased Viral Loads Associated with Prolonged Survival in SIVmac251-Infected Rhesus Macaques (2002)

The ability of recombinant rhesus interleukin-12 (rMamu-IL-12) administration during acute simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251 infection to influence the quality of the antiviral immune responses was assessed in rhesus macaques. Group I (n = 4) was the virus-only control group. Group II and III received a conditioning regimen of rMamu-IL-12 (10 and 20 microg/kg, respectively, subcutaneously [s.c.]) on days -2 and 0. Thereafter, group II received 2 microg of IL-12 per kg and group III received 10 microg/kg s.c. twice a week for 8 weeks. On day 0 all animals were infected with SIVmac251 intravenously. While all four group I animals and three of four group II animals died by 8 and 10 months post infection (p.i.), all four group III animals remained alive for >20 months p.i. The higher IL-12 dose led to lower plasma viral loads and markedly lower peripheral blood mononuclear cell and lymph node proviral DNA loads. During the acute viremia phase, the high-IL-12-dose monkeys showed an increase in CD3(-) CD8 alpha/alpha(+) and CD3(+) CD8 alpha/alpha(+) cells and, unlike the control and low-IL-12-dose animals, did not demonstrate an increase in CD4(+) CD45RA(+) CD62L(+) naive cells. The high-IL-12-dose animals also demonstrated that both CD8 alpha/alpha(+) and CD8 alpha/beta(+) cells produced antiviral factors early p.i., whereas only CD8 alpha/beta(+) cells retained this function late p.i. Long-term survival correlated with sustained high levels of SIV gag/pol and SIV env cytotoxic T lymphocytes and retention of high memory responses against nominal antigens. This is the first study to demonstrate the capacity of IL-12 to significantly protect macaques from SIV-induced disease, and it provides a useful model to more precisely identify correlates of virus-specific disease-protective responses.
"Archéologues et aménageurs : un partenariat pour demain" : Colloque, 5-6 février 2002, musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon (2002)

International audience
High-speed high-resolution color CCD image sensor (2000)

We have developed two single-chip CCD sensor architectures for high-speed, 3-channel color imaging. Both are line-scan sensors for Time Delay and Integration (TDI) imaging. One architecture achieves a sub-microsecond TDI register shift time by contacting metal to poly-Si gates through the imaging regions. The other has no metal in the imaging regions and requires a longer shift time. Both sensors are capable of 40 MHz data rate per channel. Line rates for 2048-pixel devices of 16.5 and 18.5 kHz (shift times of 7.5 and 0.7 microsecond(s) /stage) are achieved.
Protein interaction networks (2018)

Protein interactions are an important layer of connectivity between cell components and cell processes. They allow the formation of protein complexes and mediate post-translational protein modifications. Disruption of protein-protein interactions may result in disruption of the cell component or process to which they contribute, compromising the cell viability or even leading to cell death. The study of protein interactions and their function has recently jumped to an organism scale, following the development of high-throughput yeast-two-hybrid screens mapping protein-protein interactions (–7) and affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry (MS) detecting protein complexes (8,9) (see Chapters 5, 6, and 7 for a thorough discussion of mass spectrometry and MS-based tissue imaging).At the cellular level, protein interactions are represented by the protein interaction network, which is the union of all proteins and the interactions among them. The protein interaction network involves asking questions similar to those asked for specific protein interactions: how to map these interactions, which properties characterize them, how are these proteins connected to cell processes and functions, and what is the evolution of the protein network? These questions are now investigated at different levels, from specific protein-protein interactions, passing through protein complexes, signaling cascades, and other protein interaction network motifs, ending in the whole protein interaction network.The role of the protein interaction network is beyond the network itself and it materializes through its interaction with other cellular networks. For example, the cell response to a change in environmental conditions requires the coordination between the signaling (a subnet of the protein interaction network), and the gene regulatory and metabolic networks. Consequently the study of protein interaction networks should be put in the context of the cell function. It is only in this way that the protein interaction network description can be transformed into better understanding and prediction of novel features and behavior. In this review I cover these different aspects of protein interaction networks. It is not intended to be an exhaustive review but is complemented by cited literature, including reviews of more specific topics.
Deep learning for medical image super resolution and segmentation (2018)

L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier le comportement de différentes représentations d'images, notamment apprentissage profond, dans le contexte d'application en imagerie médicale. Le but est de développer une méthode unifiée efficace pour les applications visées que sont la super résolution, la segmentation et la synthèse. La super-résolution est un procès d'estimation d'une image haute-résolution à partir d'une ou plusieurs images basses résolutions. Dans cette thèse, nous nous concentrons sur la super résolutionunique, c'est-à-dire que l'image haute résolution (HR) est estimée par une image basse-résolution (LR) correspondante. Augmenter la résolution de l'image grâce à la super-résolution est la clé d'une compréhension plus précise de l'anatomie. L'application de la super résolution permet d'obtenir des cartes de segmentation plus précises. Étant donné que deux bases de données qui contiennent les images différentes (par exemple, les images d'IRM et les images de CT), la synthèse est un procès d'estimation d'une image qui est approximative aux images dans la base de données de cible à partir d'une image de la base de données de source. Parfois, certains contrastes tissulaires ne peuvent pas être acquis pendant la séance d'imagerie en raison du temps et des coûts élevés ou de l'absence d'appareils. Une solution possible est à utiliser des méthodes de synthèse d'images médicales pour générer les images avec le contraste différent qui est manquée dans le domaine à cible à partir de l'image du domaine donnée. L'objectif des images synthétiques est d'améliorer d'autres étapes du traitement automatique des images médicales telles que la segmentation, la super-résolution ou l'enregistrement. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons les réseaux neurones pour la super résolutionet la synthèse d'image médicale. Les résultats démontrent le potentiel de la méthode que nous proposons en ce qui concerne les applications médicales pratiques.