gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells in parasitic infections (2010)

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that share a common property of suppressing immune responses. Several helminth and protozoan parasite species have developed efficient strategies to increase the rate of medullary or extramedullary myelopoiesis and to induce the expansion and accumulation of immature myeloid cells such as MDSC. In this review, we examine current knowledge on the factors mediating enhanced myelopoiesis and MDSC induction and recruitment during parasitic infections and how the MDSC phenotype and mechanism of immune modulation and suppression depends on the factors they encounter within the host. Finally, we place MDSC expansion in the context of the critical balance between parasite elimination and pathogenicity to the host and suggest attractive avenues for future research.
Synthesis and characterization of bis(trifluoromethyl)thiophosphinic acid and its anhydride (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of bis(trifluoromethyl)thiophosphinic acid and its anhydrideA. A. Pinkerton and R. G. CavellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 6, 1870–1874Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00761a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00761a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Derivation of the low-energy optical-absorption spectra of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>a</mml:mi></mml:math>-Si: H from photoconductivity (1980)

We outline a procedure to extract the optical-absorption coefficient as a function of energy from measurements of photoconductivity and assess the assumptions involved in applying it to $a$-Si: H. Using this procedure, we obtain accurate absorption spectra in the range from 1.8 to below 1.2 eV. These spectra show an absorption shoulder around 1.3 eV which we analyze in terms of possible optical transitions involving specific distributions of states in the gap.
LAS SENDAS DEL CAMBIO TÉCNOLÓGICO EN LA AGRICULTURA ESPAÑOLA CONTEMPORÁNEA. (2001)

Los procesos de cambio tecnico en la agricultura no se han empezado a tratar de forma directa hasta fechas recientes. Con frecuencia, ademas, su tratamiento ha estado condicionado por supuestos y consideraciones que no permiten explicar las causas que los impulsaron ni sus caracteristicas diferenciales, ya sea por aceptar acriticamente los postulados neoclasicos de la teoria economica o por utilizar unos referentes sobre las posibilidades de innovacion y el comportamiento de los agentes economicos, poco adaptados a la diversidad de realidades agrarias. En primer lugar, que la evolucion del cambio tecnico en la agricultura espanola ha estado caracterizada por la coexistencia de procesos continuos y discontinuos de diferente entidad y, por tanto, por la coexistencia de complejas lineas de conexion entre las diversas ofertas tecnologicas que se han ido articulando a lo largo del tiempo y la eclosion de cambios tecnicos radicales. En segundo lugar, pondremos de relieve la existencia de constelaciones tecnicas diferenciadas para los diversos ambitos ambientales del Estado Espanol, especialmente para el periodo anterior a 1936, y la significativa ampliacion que experimentaron seguidamente las posibilidades reales de innovacion desde mediados del siglo XX, con la difusion de las nuevas tecnicas de la Revolucion Verde. Por ultimo y con respecto a las circunstancias que han impulsando la transformacion del sector agrario espanol hasta el momento presente, destacaramos la politica economica del Estado y la actividad de las instituciones publicas, identificables con lo que se conoce hoy en dia como sistema nacional de innovacion.
Structure and expression of ubiquitin genes of Drosophila melanogaster. (1988)

We isolated and characterized two related ubiquitin genes from Drosophila melanogaster, polyubiquitin and UB3-D. The polyubiquitin gene contained 18 repeats of the 228-base-pair monomeric ubiquitin-encoding unit arranged in tandem. This gene was localized to a minor heat shock puff site, 63F, and it encoded a constitutively expressed 4.4-kilobase polyubiquitin-encoding mRNA, whose level was induced threefold by heat shock. To investigate the pattern of expression of the polyubiquitin gene in developing animals, a polyubiquitin-lacZ fusion gene was introduced into the Drosophila genome by germ line transformation. The fusion gene was expressed at high levels in a tissue-general manner at all life stages assayed. The ubiquitin-encoding gene, UB3-D, consisted of one ubiquitin-encoding unit directly fused, in frame, to a nonhomologous tail sequence. The amino acid sequence of the tail portion of the protein had 65% positional identity with that of yeast UBI3 protein, including a region that contained a potential nucleic acid-binding motif. The Drosophila UB3-D gene hybridized to a 0.9-kilobase mRNA that was constitutively expressed, and in contrast to the polyubiquitin gene, it was not inducible by heat shock.
Multi-level vertical channel SONOS nonvolatile memory on SOI (2003)

A new VC-SONOS (vertical channel SONOS) memory cell structure is proposed and fabricated using a 0.12 /spl mu/m SOI standard logic process for a next generation flash memory cell with ultra high density. This fabricated VC-SONOS memory cell, which has 57 nm wide vertical channels and 15 /spl Aring/ tunnel gate oxide, shows not only scaling breakthrough beyond 0.10 /spl mu/m flash memory but also multi-level operation with negative programming voltages.
Spin-echo proton-nuclear-magnetic-resonance detection of normal and abnormal metabolites in plasma and urine (1983)

Conference Article| August 01 1983 Spin-echo proton-nuclear-magnetic-resonance detection of normal and abnormal metabolites in plasma and urine RICHARD A. ILES; RICHARD A. ILES *Unit of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The London Hospital Medical College, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MALCOLM J. BUCKINGHAM; MALCOLM J. BUCKINGHAM †Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GEOFFREY E. HAWKES GEOFFREY E. HAWKES †Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1983) 11 (4): 374–375. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110374 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation RICHARD A. ILES, MALCOLM J. BUCKINGHAM, GEOFFREY E. HAWKES; Spin-echo proton-nuclear-magnetic-resonance detection of normal and abnormal metabolites in plasma and urine. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1983; 11 (4): 374–375. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110374 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1983 Biochemical Society1983 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Reviews (1997)

Journal Article Reviews Get access British Business and Protection 1903–1932. By Andrew Marrison. Clarendon Press, 1996. xviii + 491 pp. ISBN 0-19-820298-9. £40.00 hb. PETER CAIN PETER CAIN Sheffield Hallam University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Twentieth Century British History, Volume 8, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 278–279, https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/8.2.278 Published: 01 January 1997
Design of an unequally spaced reflectarray (2003)

We present the design and experimental results of an X-band unequally spaced reflectarray of microstrip patch elements. For a given number of elements, it is shown that reduced sidelobe levels can be attained for unequally spaced reflectarrays compared to that of equally spaced reflectarrays with no significant change in directivity and array size. The synthesis tool used for deriving the element positions is a variant of the genetic algorithm, namely the differential evolution algorithm.
High-<i>k</i>HfTaO stacks in response to microwave irradiation (2010)

The effect of microwave treatment (6–15 s) at room temperature on the leakage current and mechanisms of conductivity in mixed HfTaO (10 nm) stacks has been studied by temperature dependent (20-100°C) current-voltage characteristics. It was established that the short 6 s irradiation affects the electrically active centers in the stack, provokes modification of the dominant conduction mechanism and improves the temperature stability of capacitors manifesting as low level of current at high temperatures (current decrease up to 4 orders of magnitude at 100°C after the treatment is detected). The traps involved in the conduction process in pre- and post-irradiated capacitors are identified.
Negative genetic correlation for adult fitness between sexes reveals ontogenetic conflict in <i>Drosophila</i> (2001)

Because of their distinctive roles in reproduction, females and males are selected toward different optimal phenotypes. Ontogenetic conflict between the sexes arises when homologous traits are selected in different directions. The evolution of sexual dimorphism by sex-limited gene expression alleviates this problem. However, because the majority of genes are not sex-limited, the potential for substantial conflict may remain. Here we assess the degree of ontogenetic conflict in the fruit-fly, Drosophila melanogaster, by cloning 40 haploid genomes and measuring their Darwinian fitness in both sexes. The intersexual genetic correlations for juvenile viability, adult reproductive success, and total fitness were used to gauge potential conflict during development. First, as juveniles, where the fitness objectives of the two sexes appear to be similar, survival was strongly positively correlated across sexes. Second, after adult maturation, where gender roles diverge, a significant negative correlation for reproductive success was found. Finally, because of counterbalancing correlations in the juvenile and adult components, no intersexual correlation for total fitness was found. Highly significant genotype-by-gender interaction variance was measured for both adult and total fitness. These results demonstrate strong intersexual discord during development because of the expression of sexually antagonistic variation.
Lysosomal metabolism of glycoproteins (2005)

The lysosomal catabolism of glycoproteins is part of the normal turnover of cellular constituents and the cellular homeostasis of glycosylation. Glycoproteins are delivered to lysosomes for catabolism either by endocytosis from outside the cell or by autophagy within the cell. Once inside the lysosome, glycoproteins are broken down by a combination of proteases and glycosidases, with the characteristic properties of soluble lysosomal hydrolases. The proteases consist of a mixture of endopeptidases and exopeptidases, which act in concert to produce a mixture of amino acids and dipeptides, which are transported across the lysosomal membrane into the cytosol by a combination of diffusion and carrier-mediated transport. Although the glycans of all mature glycoproteins are probably degraded in lysosomes, the breakdown of N-linked glycans has been studied most intensively. The catabolic pathways for high-mannose, hybrid, and complex glycans have been established. They are bidirectional with concurrent sequential removal of monosaccharides from the nonreducing end by exoglycosidases and proteolysis and digestion of the carbohydrate-polypeptide linkage at the reducing end. The process is initiated by the removal of any core and peripheral fucose, which is a prerequisite for the action of the peptide N-glycanase aspartylglucosaminidase, which hydrolyzes the glycan-peptide bond. This enzyme also requires free alpha carboxyl and amino groups on the asparagine residue, implying extensive prior proteolysis. The catabolism of O-linked glycans has not been studied so intensively, but many lysosomal glycosidases appear to act on the same linkages whether they are in N- or O-linked glycans, glycosaminoglycans, or glycolipids. The monosaccharides liberated during the breakdown of N- and O-linked glycans are transported across the lysosomal membrane into the cytosol by a combination of diffusion and carrier-mediated transport. Defects in these pathways lead to lysosomal storage diseases. The structures of some of the oligosaccharides that accumulate in these diseases are not digestion intermediates in the lysosomal catabolic pathways but correspond to intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway for N-linked glycans, suggesting another route of delivery of glycans to the lysosome. Incorrectly folded or glycosylated proteins that are rejected by the quality control mechanism are broken down in the ER and cytoplasm and the end product of the cytosolic degradation of N-glycans is delivered to the lysosomes. This route is enhanced in cells actively secreting glycoproteins or producing increased amounts of aberrant glycoproteins. Thus interaction between the lysosome and proteasome is important for the regulation of the biosynthesis and distribution of N-linked glycoproteins. Another example of the extralysosomal function of lysosomal enzymes is the release of lysosomal proteases into the cytosol to initiate the lysosomal pathway of apoptosis.
A performance evaluation of memory hierarchy in embedded systems (2003)

The increasing speed gap between processors and memory makes the design of memory hierarchy one of the critical issues in general purpose embedded systems. As memory requirements for embedded applications grow, especially in emerging area of handheld multimedia devices, cache memories become crucial for providing high performance and reducing power. This paper describes a performance evaluation of typical cache design issues such as cache size and organization, block size, and replacement policy. The evaluation is done using simulation tools for architectural exploration based on ARM instruction set and MiBench benchmark suite. Our performance evaluation includes monitoring of dynamic cache behavior, since embedded systems designers are interested not only in the total number of cache misses, but also in the number of cache misses throughout application execution.
Batteries: Nano‐Copper‐Assisted Immobilization of Sulfur in High‐Surface‐Area Mesoporous Carbon Cathodes for Room Temperature Na‐S Batteries (Adv. Energy Mater. 12/2014) (2014)

In article number 1400226, Shiyou Zheng, Junhe Yang, and co-workers report a novel, in situ, sulfur-reducing and intercalating graphite oxide strategy to fabricate a high S loading graphite-S composite cathode with superior electrochemical performance. The reduced graphite oxide can effectively stabilize the intercalated small molecule S2 through both physical confinement and chemical interaction.
Chemical Constituents and Bioactivities of Clinacanthus nutans Aerial Parts (2014)

Four new sulfur-containing compounds, named clinamides A-C (1-3), and 2-cis-entadamide A (4), were isolated together with three known compounds from the bioactive ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Clinacanthus nutans. These secondary metabolites possess sulfur atoms and acrylamide functionalities. The structures of the isolated components were established by interpretation of their spectroscopic data, especially 1D and 2D NMR.
Some fundamentals of cooled mirrors for synchrotron radiation beam lines (1996)

We present an analysis using conventional heat-transfer theory of a common type of synchrotron-radiation-beam-line mirror with rectangular cooling channels. The analysis leads to a simple analytic expression for the slope error, which enables the distortion performance to be estimated in practical situations. It also provides an understanding of the effect of the various parameters on the goodness of the cooling process and an insight into the underlying physics. The analysis is applied to determining the design steps needed to achieve low slope errors and/or high-heat-removal rates with this type of mirror. The slope-error performance of various materials in a specific design are compared and the best performance is obtained from (in order) invar, silicon, and silicon carbide. {copyright} {ital 1996 Society of Photo{minus}Optical Instrumentation Engineers.}
An OFDM/FDMA Indoor Geolocation System (2004)

ABSTRACT: An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) frequency division multiple access (FDMA) indoor geolocation system is discussed in this paper. The principle of operation, transmitter, channel, and receiver are discussed. The system's theoretical performance and simulation results are presented. This system is an attractive alternative for indoor geolocation for the following reasons: (1) it appears that indoor positioning and navigation are achievable to within a few meters if only pseudorange measurements are used, and (2) the receiver design is far simpler than the design of any conventional GPS receiver.
Pain management with spinally administered opioids (1990)

The use of spinally administered opioids to manage pain is discussed. Central action on opioid receptors of the substantia gelatinosa allows opioids to be administered spinally for pain originating anywhere inferior to the cranial nerves. Spinal opioids are most commonly administered for intractable midline sacral and perineal pain. The best candidates for spinal opioids are patients in whom appropriate "conventional" therapy no longer provides adequate relief, patients who experience severe adverse effects from conventional therapy, and patients for whom alternative anesthetic procedures are inappropriate or have failed. A reasonably safe initial dose is morphine sulfate 1 mg intrathecally. The availability of preservative-free, concentrated morphine sulfate enables larger doses to be safely and comfortably administered. Increased dosage requirements may result from tolerance, progression of disease, increased systemic absorption, or slippage of the catheter tip. As with systemically administered opioids, care must be exercised when discontinuing spinal opioid therapy. Adjuvant drugs used with spinal opioids include systemically administered analgesics, antidepressants, corticosteroids, and spinal local anesthetics. The administration of spinal opioids with systemic opioids or other CNS depressants may result in excessive sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, constipation, pruritus, and other adverse effects. Spinally administered opioids can be used to manage severe chronic pain effectively, safely, and comfortably.
A photo-responsive organogel (2004)

A photo-responsive organogel has been made by addition of a novel stilbene-containing photo-surfactant to toluene: exposure to UV light led to a gel-to-sol transition with spatial control.
A Randomized Phase II Trial of Sipuleucel-T with Concurrent versus Sequential Abiraterone Acetate plus Prednisone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2015)

These data suggest that sipuleucel-T can be successfully manufactured during concurrent administration of AA + P without blunting immunologic effects or altering immune parameters that correlate with sipuleucel-T's clinical benefit. Combination of these agents was well tolerated, with no new safety signals emerging.
A monoclonal anti‐thromboxane B<sub>2</sub> antibody (1988)

A monoclonal antibody against thromboxane B2 which may be used in standard fluid phase radioimmunoassays with a detection limit of around 40 pg and a binding affinity of 1.98 X 10(9) M-1 is described. Limited crossreactivity could be observed only with structurally closely related compounds such as 2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2 (8.9%), thromboxane B1 (15.7%) and thromboxane B3 (39.7%). Detectable crossreactivity with 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2, omega-carboxy-thromboxane B2, omega-hydroxy-thromboxane B2, prostaglandins of the D-, E- and F-type as well as metabolites of prostacyclin was lacking. The monoclonal anti-thromboxane B2 antibody proved well suited for measuring the thromboxane B2 content in tissue culture supernatants as well as in human serum.
A Hierarchical Sequential Index Scheme for Range Queries in Wireless Location-based Services (2010)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to reduce spatial query access latency and energy consumption by leveraging results from nearby peers in wireless broadcast environments. We propose a three-tier Hierarchical Location-Based Sequential access index, called HLBS, which provides selective tuning (pruning and searching entries) without pointers using a linear accessing structure based on the location of each data object. The HLBS saves search cost and index overhead, since the small index size with a sequential index structure results in low access latency overhead and facilitates efficient searches for sequential-access media (wireless channels with data broadcast). Comprehensive experiments illustrate that the proposed scheme is more efficient than the previous techniques in terms of energy consumption.
AP2 Gene Determines the Identity of Perianth Organs in Flowers of Arabidopsis thaliana (1989)

Ljerka Kunst, Jennifer E. Klenz, Jose Martinez-Zapater, George W. Haughn, AP2 Gene Determines the Identity of Perianth Organs in Flowers of Arabidopsis thaliana, The Plant Cell, Vol. 1, No. 12 (Dec., 1989), pp. 1195-1208
Poly ( <i>N</i> -Isopropylacrylamide)-Coated Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Cell Tracking (2009)

PNIPAM-coated multifunctional nanoparticles showed potential for labeling cells and for tracking cells both in vitro and in vivo with the use of fluorescence and magnetic resonance. This new modality of cell tracking has the merits of simplicity and reliability.
A FDTD method for fast simulation of decoupling capacitors on multilayer multichip modules (2003)

We present a new method for the simulation of the power supply system on multilayer substrates of multichip modules (MCM). In particular we investigate the efficiency of extended high capacitance layers used as decoupling capacitors. The proposed method works with a lumped element FDTD technique which facilitates electromagnetic simulation of the substrate simultaneous with simulation of the mounted electronic circuit. The stratified configuration of multilayer structures allows division of the 3D problem into separate 2D problems. This yields an efficient algorithm. The algorithm has been implemented in C++ and tested with different examples. Furthermore we present reference data derived by analytical investigation of a circular plate capacitor. This data is used to evaluate the simulation results.