gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-Dose Penile SIVmac251 Exposure of Rhesus Macaques Infected with Adenovirus Type 5 (Ad5) and Then Immunized with a Replication-Defective Ad5-Based SIV <i>gag/pol/nef</i> Vaccine Recapitulates the Results of the Phase IIb Step Trial of a Similar HIV-1 Vaccine (2011)

The Step Trial showed that the MRKAd5 HIV-1 subtype B Gag/Pol/Nef vaccine did not protect men from HIV infection or reduce setpoint plasma viral RNA (vRNA) levels but, unexpectedly, it did modestly enhance susceptibility to HIV infection in adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-seropositive, uncircumcised men. As part of the process to understand the results of the Step Trial, we designed a study to determine whether rhesus macaques chronically infected with a host-range mutant Ad5 (Ad5hr) and then immunized with a replication defective Ad5 SIVmac239 Gag/Pol/Nef vaccine were more resistant or susceptible to SIV infection than unimmunized rhesus macaques challenged with a series of escalating dose penile exposures to SIVmac 251. The Ad5 SIV vaccine induced CD8(+) T cell responses in 70% of the monkeys, which is similar to the proportion of humans that responded to the vaccine in the Step Trial. However, the vaccine did not protect vaccinated animals from penile SIV challenge. At the lowest SIV exposure dose (10(3) 50% tissue culture infective doses), 2 of 9 Ad5-seropositive animals immunized with the Ad5 SIV vaccine became infected compared to 0 of 34 animals infected in the other animal groups (naive animals, Ad5-seropositive animals immunized with the empty Ad5 vector, Ad5-seronegative animals immunized with the Ad5 SIV vaccine, and Ad5-seronegative animals immunized with the empty Ad5 vector). Penile exposure to more concentrated virus inocula produced similar rates of infection in all animal groups. Although setpoint viral loads were unaffected in Step vaccinees, the Ad5 SIV-immunized animals had significantly lower acute-phase plasma vRNA levels compared to unimmunized animals. Thus, the results of the nonhuman primate (NHP) study described here recapitulate the lack of protection against HIV acquisition seen in the Step Trial and suggest a greater risk of infection in the Ad5-seropositive animals immunized with the Ad5 SIV vaccine. Further studies are necessary to confirm the enhancement of virus acquisition and to discern associated mechanisms.
Energy and Temperature Dependence of the Secondary Emission of MgO (1954)

It is shown that the data on the energy and temperature dependence of the secondary yield of magnesiumoxide single crystals, recently published by Johnson and McKay, can be understood on the basis of a simple model. In fact, quantitative agreement is obtained for the temperature coefficient of the yield. The importance of measurements far away from either side of the maximum of the yield curve is stressed.
Difluoromethyl Phenyl Sulfone as a Selective Difluoromethylene Dianion Equivalent: One‐Pot Stereoselective Synthesis of <i>anti‐</i>2,2‐Difluoropropane‐1,3‐diols (2003)

Intramolecular charge–charge repulsion rather than traditional steric control is responsible for the high diastereoselectivity (up to 94 % de) obtained in tBuOK-induced difluoromethylenation of aldehydes 1 with difluoromethyl phenyl sulfone (2) to give symmetrical and unsymmetrical anti-2,2-difluoropropane-1,3-diols 3. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2003/z52172_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Manipulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) for clinical transplantation: promises and challenges (2008)

While IDO emerges as a regulator of immunity, its role in controlling allo-response is unfolding. IDO can control T cell responses to allo-antigens and induce generation of allo-specific regulatory T cells. Exploiting IDO as a modulator of transplant rejection, many groups have manipulated its activity to prolong allograft survival in transplantation models. Despite the initial promise, its application to clinical transplantation may be limited. We therefore examine the potentials and limitations associated with clinical translation of IDO into a therapeutic.
Common variation at the LRRK2 locus is associated with survival in the primary tauopathy progressive supranuclear palsy (2020)

Abstract The genetic basis of variation in the rate of disease progression of primary tauopathies has not been determined. In two independent progressive supranuclear palsy cohorts, we show that common variation at the LRRK2 locus determines survival from motor symptom onset to death, possibly through regulation of gene expression. This links together genetic risk in alpha-synuclein and tau disorders, and suggests that modulation of proteostasis and neuro-inflammation by LRRK2 inhibitors may have a therapeutic role across disorders.
Studies on interactions of calcium antagonists with cardiotonic agents (1983)

Two calcium antagonists, viz., D-600 (a methoxy derivative of verapamil) and Nisoldipine, were tested for their influence on cardiac activity of frog heart in situ and rabbit atria. The interaction of these agents with the cardiotonic effects produced by the catecholamines, cardiac glycoside and free fatty acid (FFA), was also observed. Both the calcium antagonists exerted a negative cardiotropic effect on heart. They could affectively block the positive chronotropic effect, but not the inotropic effect of the catecholamines, both the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of free fatty acids, but did not affect in any way the cardiotropic effect of digoxin.
A green and efficient photocatalytic route for the highly-selective oxidation of saturated alpha-carbon C–H bonds in aromatic alkanes over flower-like Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> (2015)

A green and efficient route for the highly-selective oxidation of saturated alpha-carbon C-H bonds in aromatic alkanes under visible-light irradiation and solvent-free conditions is developed using flower-like Bi2WO6 microspheres as catalysts.
Clinical Features and Mortality in Patients with Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease (1996)

In a population-based study of 198 patients with probable early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), we studied the occurrence of extrapyramidal signs (tremors and rigidity), myoclonus, psychosis and seizures, as well as their predictive value for mortality. The presence of tremors was significantly associated with the presence of rigidity. The occurrence of myoclonus was significantly associated with the occurrence of seizures. Psychosis and seizures in AD patients were not associated with mortality. The occurrence of extrapyramidal signs and myoclonus at any point in time during the course of AD increased the risk of mortality significantly. When evaluating their relative importance, extrapyramidal signs appeared to be the most important predictor of mortality.
EFFECTS OF VERY LOW RATES OF SYNTHETIC SOIL CONDITIONERS ON SOILS (1986)

We applied new polymer soil conditioners to soil at rates in the range of 0.00025% and higher and observed improvement in water infiltration rates. Very low levels of polymers improved soil porosities, even though the rates were below the highest possible improvement. The results imply that degree of soil improvement may be matched with value of crop to be grown for maximum economic benefit.
Understanding and manipulating plant lipid composition: Metabolic engineering leads the way (2014)

The manipulation of plant seed oil composition so as to deliver enhanced fatty acid compositions suitable for feed or fuel has long been a goal of metabolic engineers. Recent advances in our understanding of the flux of acyl-changes through different key metabolic pools such as phosphatidylcholine and diacylglycerol have allowed for more targeted interventions. When combined in iterative fashion with further lipidomic analyses, significant breakthroughs in our capacity to generate plants with novel oils have been achieved. Collectively these studies, working at the interface between metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, demonstrate the positive fundamental and applied outcomes derived from such research.
Traffic Adaptation for Small Cell Networks with Dynamic TDD (2016)

The traffic in current wireless networks exhibits large variations in uplink (UL) and downlink (DL), which brings huge challenges to network operators in efficiently allocating radio resources. Dynamic time-division duplex (TDD) is considered as a promising scheme to flexibly adjust resource allocation based on UL and DL traffic demands, known as traffic adaptation. In this work, we study how traffic adaptation decreases cell service time and improves energy efficiency (EE) in small cell networks operating dynamic TDD. According to different UL and DL traffic parameters, we classify small cells into K ≥ 1 types, and accommodate the UL/DL configuration for each type of small cells with the objective to minimize the cell service time and maximize the network EE. In comparison with semi-static TDD scheme, dynamic TDD is shown to achieve larger service time gain as the traffic asymmetry between small cells increases. In summary, the proposed analytical framework allows us to elucidate the benefit of traffic adaptation to service time and EE in future dense networks with dynamic TDD.
Structure of the 2:2 Condensation Product of Nitromethane and Cyclohexanone (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of the 2:2 Condensation Product of Nitromethane and CyclohexanoneWayland E. Noland and Richard J. SundbergCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 11, 3150–3165Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01046a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01046a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photo-index and Tuché (2012)

This paper aims to elucidate what photographic meaning is with reference to punctum, the central term introduced in Camera Lucida. Separated from structuralist model, the project in the book seems to rely on a sort of phenomenology that is for private writing. However, a number of methodologies were implied in writing and among them are Peirces semiotics and Lacans psychology. What is revealed here is how Barthes seeks the photographic meaning in terms of indexical feature of photographic signification and traumatic experiences the punctum of a photograph provides.
Comparison of superlattice based dual color nBn and pBp infrared detectors (2011)

Long-wave infrared (LWIR) detector technologies with the ability to operate at or near room temperature are very important for many civil and military applications including chemical identification, surveillance, defense and medical diagnostics. Eliminating the need for cryogenics in a detector system can reduce cost, weight and power consumption; simplify the detection system design and allow for widespread usage. In recent years, infrared (IR) detectors based on uni-polar barrier designs have gained interest for their ability to lower dark current and increase a detector's operating temperature. Our group is currently investigating nBn and pBp detectors with InAs/GaSb strain layer superlattice (SLS) absorbers (n) and contacts (n), and AlGaSb and InAs/AlSb superlattice electron and hole barriers (B) respectively. For the case of the nBn structure, the wide-band-gap barrier material (AlGaSb) exhibits a large conduction band offset and a small valence band offset with the narrow-band-gap absorber material. For the pBp structure (InAs/AlSb superlattice barrier), the converse is true with a large valence band offset between the barrier and absorber and a small or zero conduction band offset. Like the built-in barrier in a p-n junction, the heterojunction barrier blocks the majority carriers allowing free movement of photogenerated minority carriers. However, the barrier in an nBn or pBp detector, in contrast with a p-n junction depletion layer, does not contribute to generation-recombination (G-R) current. In this report we aim to investigate and contrast the performance characteristics of an SLS nBn detector with that of and SLS pBp detector.
A new human retrovirus associated with prostate cancer (2007)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Assessment of the Cough Reflex Caused by Inhalation of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Citric Acid Aerosols (1982)

Journal Article Assessment of the Cough Reflex Caused by Inhalation of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Citric Acid Aerosols Get access JANICE P. ZELENAK, JANICE P. ZELENAK The Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Industrial Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar YVES ALARIE, YVES ALARIE The Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Industrial Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DIETRICH A. WEYEL DIETRICH A. WEYEL The Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Industrial Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Toxicological Sciences, Volume 2, Issue 4, July 1982, Pages 177–180, https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/2.4.177 Published: 01 July 1982
Human uterine leukocytes and pregnancy (2003)

In human pregnancy, the embryo implants into the specialized mucosal wall of the uterus (decidua) and the placenta starts to form. Cells from the placenta (trophoblasts) invade into the uterine mucosa in order to open up maternal uterine arteries to ensure an adequate supply of blood to the developing fetus. The trophoblasts have a unique immunological phenotype compared to most cells especially with regard to their expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. On the other side of the interaction, the uterine mucosa (endometrium) differentiates in preparation for implantation. One of the changes that takes place is the appearance in the endometrium of a large number of maternal leukocytes in the final part of the menstrual cycle. If pregnancy ensues, these leukocytes continue to increase in number and are found in close contact with trophoblasts. The composition of this population of maternal immune cells is unusual compared to that seen at other mucosal sites. A lot of research has focused on whether maternal T-cell responses are suppressed or modified during pregnancy. Research has also concentrated on the specialized uterine natural killer (NK) cells, which are found in the decidua in large numbers during early pregnancy. These uterine NK cells have been shown to express receptors for trophoblast MHC antigens, but their role in pregnancy is still mysterious. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of what is known about the immunology at the implantation site and also to provide an update of some of the most recent findings in this field.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Peptide Synthesis (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Identification of BCRP as transporter of benzo[ a ]pyrene conjugates metabolically formed in Caco-2 cells and its induction by Ah-receptor agonists (2005)

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is known to actively transport various anticancer drugs and to restrict the uptake of the food carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine from the gut lumen. The present study reveals that BCRP is involved in the transport of phase-2 metabolites of the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BP) in the human intestinal cell line Caco-2. Treatment with the selective BCRP inhibitor Ko 143 (5 microM) inhibited the apical transport of BP-3-sulfate (BP3S) to 83% of control levels in TC7 cells and to 64% of control levels in Caco-2 cells. The apical transport of BP-3-glucuronide was inhibited by Ko 143 to 76% of control levels in TC7 cells. Furthermore, the expression of BCRP is most likely aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) dependent, as treatment of Caco-2 cells with known AhR agonists including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, BP, indolo[3,2-b]carbazole and benzo[k]fluoranthene increased both mRNA and protein levels of BCRP. Induced BCRP protein was found to be functionally active, since pre-treatment of TC7 cells with oltipraz, indolo[3,2-b]carbazole or benzo[k]fluoranthene increased the amount of apically transported BP3S to as much as 180% of that in the controls. The induction of BCRP (mRNA and protein expression) by indolo[3,2-b]carbazole was inhibited in Caco-2 cells by co-incubation with the AhR antagonist PD98059 (2'-amino-3'-methoxyflavone). In summary, this study provides strong evidence that BCRP is an important part of the intestinal barrier protecting the body from food-associated contaminants such as the carcinogen BP.
LMP based bid formation for virtual power players operating in smart grids (2011)

Power system organization has gone through huge changes in the recent years. Significant increase in distributed generation (DG) and operation in the scope of liberalized markets are two relevant driving forces for these changes. More recently, the smart grid (SG) concept gained increased importance, and is being seen as a paradigm able to support power system requirements for the future. This paper proposes a computational architecture to support day-ahead Virtual Power Player (VPP) bid formation in the smart grid context. This architecture includes a forecasting module, a resource optimization and Locational Marginal Price (LMP) computation module, and a bid formation module. Due to the involved problems characteristics, the implementation of this architecture requires the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are used for resource and load forecasting and Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) is used for energy resource scheduling. The paper presents a case study that considers a 33 bus distribution network that includes 67 distributed generators, 32 loads and 9 storage units.
System-Level Modeling and Simulation of Uplink WCDMA (2008)

Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) is based on WCDMA technology. The capacity of this system is difficult to manually compute because of at least two reasons. Firstly, this system is designed to support many types of services, and hence capacity calculation using classic Erlang's capacity is not sufficient. Secondly, the capacity of such system depends on interference which is a time-varying factor, so that it is necessary to precisely model the interference; otherwise the result may be inaccurate. This paper aims to provide complete details of uplink WCDMA modeling and simulation. This proposed simulation is a dynamic system-level simulation in which important parameters such as radio propagation effects, user movement, power control and interference modeling are included. The principles of WCDMA modeling and simulation which are presented in this paper are essential tools for study and research in optimising UMTS system.
Multiclass voluntary facial expression classification based on Filter Bank Common Spatial Pattern (2008)

This paper investigates the classification of voluntary facial expressions from electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) signals using the Filter Bank Common Spatial Pattern (FBCSP) algorithm. The FBCSP algorithm is an autonomous and effective machine learning approach for classifying two classes of EEG measurements in motor imagery-based Brain Computer Interface (BCI). However, the problem of facial expression recognition typically involves more than just two classes of measurements. Hence, this paper proposes an extension of FBCSP to the multiclass paradigm using a decision threshold-based classifier for classifying facial expressions from EEG and EMG measurements. A study is conducted using the proposed Multiclass FBCSP on 4 subjects who performed 6 different facial expressions. The results show that the Multiclass FBCSP is effective in classifying multiple facial expressions from the EEG and EMG measurements.
Speech Recognition using the Epochwise Back Propagation through Time Algorithm (2014)

In this paper, the artificial neural networks are implemented to accomplish the English alphabet speech recognition. The design an accurate and effective speech recognition system is a challenging task in the area of speech recognition. We implemented a new data classification method, where we use neural networks, which are trained and performance can be defined on the basis of recognition rate. This method gave comparable result to the already implemented neural networks. In this paper, Back propagation neural network architecture used to recognize the time varying input data, and provides better accurate results for the English Alphabet speech recognition. The Epochwise Back Propagation through time (BPTT) algorithm uses the epoch values of input signal to train the network structures and yields the satisfactory results.
WiiStick: Enhancing motion recognition capability for Wii systems (2009)

Nintendo's Wii system uses motion acceleration sensors to provide an intuitive user interface with limited motion recognition capabilities. In this work, we investigate these limitations, and propose a new system called WiiStick to enhance the motion recognition performance. One main limitation of Wii is that the direction of movement cannot be recognized accurately if the motion involves both accelerating and rotating. To overcome this difficulty, we propose to add an elastic stick and an IR emitter to the Wiimote. Besides, we develop a motion recognition algorithm based on signal analysis and pattern recognition techniques. As a result, motion can be recognized more effectively. It is shown by experimental results that the motion recognition capability of the Wii system can be greatly improved by the proposed WiiStick system.