gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Patient compliance with phlebotomy therapy for iron overload associated with hemochromatosis (2003)

Most patients with hemochromatosis diagnosed in medical care achieve iron depletion with phlebotomy; one-third tolerate and adhere to weekly phlebotomy. There is a constant rate of decline in the percentage of patients who comply with maintenance therapy.
INTRODUCTION (2010)

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Induction and enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis by canine coronavirus (1992)

Preexisting antibody to feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) causes acceleration and enhancement of disease on subsequent infection of cats with FIPV. Other workers have shown that canine coronavirus (CCV) can infect cats subclinically, but have found no evidence of enhancement of, or protection against, subsequent FIPV infection. With various isolates of CCV, we determined that 1 strain of CCV can induce transient mild diarrhea in cats and, furthermore, that previous infection with CCV causes acceleration and enhancement of subsequent infection with FIPV. In addition, sequential inoculation of cats with another strain of CCV caused lesions indistinguishable from those of FIP, without exposure at any time to FIPV.
Tumor Ablation and Nanotechnology (2010)

Next to surgical resection, tumor ablation is a commonly used intervention in the treatment of solid tumors. Tumor ablation methods include thermal therapies, photodynamic therapy, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing agents. Thermal therapies induce tumor cell death via thermal energy and include radiofrequency, microwave, high intensity focused ultrasound, and cryoablation. Photodynamic therapy and ROS producing agents cause increased oxidative stress in tumor cells leading to apoptosis. While these therapies are safe and viable alternatives when resection of malignancies is not feasible, they do have associated limitations that prevent their widespread use in clinical applications. To improve the efficacy of these treatments, nanoparticles are being studied in combination with nonsurgical ablation regimens. In addition to better thermal effect on tumor ablation, nanoparticles can deliver anticancer therapeutics that show a synergistic antitumor effect in the presence of heat and can also be imaged to achieve precision in therapy. Understanding the molecular mechanism of nanoparticle-mediated tumor ablation could further help engineer nanoparticles of appropriate composition and properties to synergize the ablation effect. This review aims to explore the various types of nonsurgical tumor ablation methods currently used in cancer treatment and potential improvements by nanotechnology applications.
Solid State Electronic Sensors for Detection of Carbon Dioxide (2019)

Detection of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) is very important for environmental, health, safety and space applications. We have studied novel multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and an iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanocomposite based chemiresistive sensor for detection of CO<sub>2</sub> at room temperature. The sensor has been miniaturized to a chip size (1 cm × 2 cm). Good sensing performance was observed with a wide detection range of CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations (100-6000 ppm). Structural properties of the sensing materials were characterized using Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The greatly improved sensitivity of the composite materials to CO<sub>2</sub> can be attributed to the formation of a depletion layer at the p-n junction in an MWCNT/iron oxide heterostructure, and new CO<sub>2</sub> gas molecules adhere to the high surface area of MWCNTs due to the concentration gradient. The test results showed that the CO<sub>2</sub> sensor possesses fast response, compact size, ultra-low power consumption, high sensitivity and wide dynamic detection range.
Lysophospholipids of Different Classes Mobilize Neutrophil Secretory Vesicles and Induce Redundant Signaling through G2A (2007)

Lysophosphatidylcholine has been shown to enhance neutrophil functions through a mechanism involving the G protein-coupled receptor G2A. Recent data support an indirect effect of lysophosphatidylcholine on G2A rather than direct ligand binding. These observations prompted the hypothesis that other lysophospholipids (lyso-PLs) may also signal for human neutrophil activation through G2A. To this end, 1-oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-L-choline], but also C18:1/OH lyso-PLs bearing the phosphoserine and phosphoethanolamine head groups, presented on albumin, were shown to signal for calcium flux in a self- and cross-desensitizing manner, implicating a single receptor. Blocking Abs to G2A inhibited calcium signaling by all three lyso-PLs. Furthermore, inhibition by both pertussis toxin and U-73122 established signaling via the Galphai/phospholipase C pathway for calcium mobilization. Altered plasma membrane localization of G2A has been hypothesized to facilitate signaling. Accordingly, an increase in detectable G2A was demonstrated by 1 min after lyso-PL stimulation and was followed by visible patching of the receptor. Western blotting showed that G2A resides in the plasma membrane/secretory vesicle fraction and not in neutrophil primary, secondary, or tertiary granules. Enhanced detection of G2A induced by lyso-PLs was paralleled by enhanced detection of CD45, confirming mobilization of the labile secretory vesicle pool. Together, these data show that lyso-PLs bearing various head groups redundantly mobilize G2A latent within secretory vesicles and result in G2A receptor/Galphai/phospholipase C signaling for calcium flux in neutrophils.
Optimizing Preparation of Normal Dendritic Cells and <i>bcr-abl</i> <sup>+</sup> Mature Dendritic Cells Derived from Immunomagnetically Purified CD14 <sup>+</sup> Cells (2000)

The goal of this work was to optimize dendritic cell (DC) preparations obtained from patients suffering from chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and compare them with DC prepared from normal CD14+ mononuclear cells (MNC). We studied normal DC and bcr-abl+ leukemic DC (CML-DC) yields, expression of membrane molecules, differentiation status, and ability to stimulate T cells. We isolated DC precursors from PBMC by CD14-specific immunoadsorption and cultured them for 7 days in GM-CSF and IL-4, followed by a 3-day incubation to fully differentiate the cells. We evaluated cultures of CML-DC using RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with FBS and X-VIVO 15 medium containing human AB serum. In contrast to cells matured in RPMI 1640, virtually all cells incubated in X-VIVO 15 expressed CD83, a marker of mature DC. CML-DC and normal DC were indistinguishable in expression of CD83, resulting in the highest percentage reported so far. The yields of normal DC and CML-DC from CD14+ cells were indistinguishable. The percentage of bcr-abl+ cells in PBMC varied among patients between 65% and 97% and the final CML-DC preparations were >98% bcr-abl+ the highest purity of bcr-abl+ cells to date. Normal DC and CML-DC were equally effective in stimulating proliferation of allogeneic and autologous T cells. These techniques provide highly enriched, mature, functional CML-DC.
Estradiol mediates fluctuation in hippocampal synapse density during the estrous cycle in the adult rat. (1992)

We have found that the density of synapses in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA1 region in the adult female rat is sensitive to estradiol manipulation and fluctuates naturally as the levels of ovarian steroids vary during the 5 d estrous cycle. In both cases, low levels of estradiol are correlated with lower synapse density, while high estradiol levels are correlated with a higher density of synapses. These synaptic changes occur very rapidly in that within approximately 24 hr between the proestrus and estrus stages of the estrous cycle, we observe a 32% decrease in the density of hippocampal synapses. Synapse density then appears to cycle back to proestrus values over a period of several days. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of such short-term steroid-mediated synaptic plasticity occurring naturally in the adult mammalian brain.
Pilot Testing Of Trace Metals Removal With Ozone At Snowbird Ski Resort (1995)

Abstract A pilot study at the Snowbird Ski Resort in Utah evaluated feasibility of ozonation replacing chlorine and sulfur dioxide for oxidation of iron and manganese in groundwater. Ozonation also was tested for the removal of lead and cadmium, occurring at concentrations exceeding drinking water Maximum Contaminant Levels. An ozone dose of 2 mg/L, contacted with the water for 1 minute prior to filtration, was selected as optimum for iron and manganese removal from 0.4 mg/L and 40 μg/L, respectively, to below detection limits. Lead, copper, and arsenic also were removed to below detection limits. The removal of cadmium and zinc improved when ozone was contacted for 10 minutes. With metals removal through ozonation and filtration, taste and odor enhancement also were reported. Key Words: OzoneMetal RemovalOxidation of Iron and ManganeseRemoval of LeadCopperZincCadmiumArsenicGroundwater Treatment
Ultrasonic Atomization of Liquids (1962)

An experimental study was made of the mechanism by which the ultrasonic vibration of liquid surfaces causes atomization. At exciting frequencies in the range of 10 to 800 kc, uniform patterns of crossed capillary waves were found on the liquid surface when atomization occurred. The number-median diameter of the particles produced was found to be a constant fraction, 0.34, of the capillary wavelength; the capillary wavelength is calculable by Kelvin's equation using the exciting frequency and properties of the fluid being atomized. The evidence is strong that the mechanism of ultrasonic atomization involves the rupture of capillary surface waves and the subsequent ejection of the wave peaks from the surface as particles.
Maintaining security in an ontology driven multi-agent system for electronic health records (2004)

The use of electronic health records (EHR) aim to improve the quality of healthcare by facilitating the exchange of patient information between healthcare providers. However, as disparate systems have varying techniques of representing and managing patient data, a multi-agent system (MAS) architecture was presented in a previous paper for consolidating this patient data. The architecture addresses the issues of interoperability, flexibility, and scalability through the use of multiple co-operating mobile agents that actively access, recognize and associate the various EHRs. The rapid adoption of EHRs has also prompted concerns about their security. An injudicious application of EHR systems introduces the type of security risks that plague current large scale network models. This paper continues the work presented in a paper by Wimalasiri et. al., by addressing the security and privacy needs of patients within a MAS to ensure that communication and co-operation within a distributed network of EHRs is not compromised.
Hybrid microfluidic cartridge formed by irreversible bonding of SU-8 and PDMS for multi-layer flow applications (2009)

SU-8 and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are both transparent materials with properties very convenient for rapid prototyping of microfluidic systems. However, previous efforts of combining these two materials failed due to poor adhesion between them. Herein, we introduce a promising low-temperature technique (< 100 °C) to irreversibly bond two or more structured layers of SU-8 and PDMS to create hybrid stacks. This offers new possibilities in design and fabrication of enclosed three-dimensional microstructures and microchannels with simple soft-lithography techniques. The potential of this method is demonstrated by the fabrication of a new version of our microfluidic sensor cartridge that was reported recently1.
Multi-GPU accelerated multi-spin Monte Carlo simulations of the 2D Ising model (2010)

A Modern Graphics Processing unit (GPU) is able to perform massively parallel scientific computations at low cost. We extend our implementation of the checkerboard algorithm for the two-dimensional Ising model [T. Preis et al., Journal of Chemical Physics 228 (2009) 4468–4477] in order to overcome the memory limitations of a single GPU which enables us to simulate significantly larger systems. Using multi-spin coding techniques, we are able to accelerate simulations on a single GPU by factors up to 35 compared to an optimized single Central Processor Unit (CPU) core implementation which employs multi-spin coding. By combining the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) with the Message Parsing Interface (MPI) on the CPU level, a single Ising lattice can be updated by a cluster of GPUs in parallel. For large systems, the computation time scales nearly linearly with the number of GPUs used. As proof of concept we reproduce the critical temperature of the 2D Ising model using finite size scaling techniques.
Cold shock response in Escherichia coli. (1999)

Sensing a sudden change of the growth temperature, all living organisms produce heat shock proteins or cold shock proteins to adapt to a given temperature. In a heat shock response, the heat shock sigma factor plays a major role in the induction of heat shock proteins including molecular chaperones and proteases, which are well-conserved from bacteria to human. In contrast, no such a sigma factor has been identified for the cold shock response. Instead, RNAs and RNA-binding proteins play a major role in cold shock response. This review describes what happens in the cell upon cold shock, how E. coli responds to cold shock, how the expression of cold shock proteins is regulated, and what their functions are.
Notes on Spread-Spectrum History (1983)

This paper presents additional historical information relating to the spread-spectrum history described in [1]. Included here are ties with speech scrambling technology, wide-band matched filter design, stimulus of the WHYN system design by British research, ITT's efforts to protect vital information during World War II, and other miscellaneous notes and references.
Use of generalized cepstral distance measure in isolated word recognition (1989)

Abstract This paper proposes a generalized cepstral discance measure based on minimum phase spictral models and shows the performance of the distance measure for isolated word recognition. the generalized cepstral distance measure approximates the L 2 norm between two spectra on a fractional power magnitude scale. the measure is equal to the cepstral distance measure for the special case. Calculation of the distance can be performed efficiently from cepstral coefficients or linear predictor coefficients. Isolated word recognition experiments using a vocabulary of 20 highly confusable Japanese city names indicate that the generalized cepstral distance measure gives higher recognition accuracy than conventional distance measures. Three analysis parameter sets, which are FFT cepstral coefficients, linear predictor coefficients, and improved cepstral coefficients, are also compared in terms of their effects on the recognition performance.
Frictional Properties of a Composite Surface: Titania on Glass (1969)

Abstract Partial coatings of titania (anatase) on glass, at surface coverages as low as 10%, can significantly reduce the surface damage which occurs when glass surfaces are rubbed together. The effectiveness of the coating depends upon the presence of a boundary lubricant on the uncoated portions of the glass surface. It is proposed that increased resistance to surface abrasion is obtained because the titania-coated regions support the rubbing surfaces and thereby prevent the pressure on the uncoated areas from becoming great enough to break down the boundary lubricant layer.
<title>3D video standards conversion</title> (1996)

This paper discusses the conversion of 3D video between the three world video standards of NTSC, PAL and SECAM. An overview is given of the five main methods of achieving 3D with consumer video and the principles of video standards conversion are discussed. A solution for converting field-sequential 3D video between standards is presented and a number of other advantages which the system offers are discussed.
Interdisciplinary Team Teaching: An Effective Method to Transform Student Attitudes. (2011)

In order to maximize student development in an interdisciplinary context, we implemented and evaluated a business-biology team teaching approach. The class project involved teams of environmental science and business students analyzing an industry stakeholder interested in participating in the development of a community composting network. We compared the results of this team-taught section with a more traditionallytaught business section with a sustainability emphasis, with the objectives of identifying student learning gains and reflecting, as faculty, upon the experience. In the affective domain, there was initial discomfort with the interdisciplinary team teaching method on the part of both faculty and students. In the cognitive domain, both team-taught and traditional sections perceived significant gains in understanding both business and natural systems, although the treatment group alone made significant (P < 0.10) gains in linking interdisciplinary thinking and an understanding of both business and natural systems to future success. These findings suggest that the affective and cognitive transformations experienced in team-taught settings are important for teaching expanded worldviews and diverse perspectives.
Nutrition, anabolism, and the wound healing process: an overview. (2009)

We found that nutrition is a critical component in all the wound healing processes. The stress response to injury and any preexistent protein-energy malnutrition will alter this response, impeding healing and leading to potential severe morbidity. A decrease in lean body mass is of particular concern as this component is responsible for all protein synthesis necessary for healing. Nutritional assessment and support needs to be well orchestrated and precise. The use of anabolic agents can significantly increase overall lean mass synthesis and directly or indirectly improves healing by increasing protein synthesis.
Designing a mobile user interface for automated species identification (2007)

Biological research in the field is constrained by the speed and difficulty of species determination, as well as by access to relevant information about the species encountered. However, recent work on vision-based algorithms raises the promise of rapid botanical species identification. The potential for mobile vision-based identification provides opportunities for new user interface techniques. To explore these issues, we present LeafView, a Tablet-PC-based user interface for an electronic field guide that supports automated identification of botanical species in the field. We describe a user interface design based on an ethnographic study of botanists, field tests of working prototypes by botanists at the Smithsonian Institution on Plummers Island, Maryland, and observations at an internal exhibition at the Smithsonian at which other staff members tried the prototypes. We present functionality specific to mobile identification and collection in the electronic field guide and use this to motivate discussion of mobile identification in general.
Assessing the impacts of implementing lean construction (2008)

Over the last 10 years an increasing number of companies have implemented lean construction practices in an attempt to improve performance in construction projects. Most companies, and also some researchers, have reported satisfactory results from their implementation. However, there is still a need to provide more extensive analysis of the empirical evidence available to assess the impact of the implementation of lean construction. The authors have researched the implementation of the Last Planner System and other Lean Construction techniques in over one hundred construction projects over the last five years.
Travelers' Diarrhea: Approaches to Prevention and Treatment (1993)

Journal Article Travelers' Diarrhea: Approaches to Prevention and Treatment Get access Charles D. Ericsson, Charles D. Ericsson From the Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas School of Public Health and Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Charles D. Ericsson, 6431 Fannin, 1.728 JFB, Houston, Texas 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Herbert L. DuPont Herbert L. DuPont From the Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas School of Public Health and Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 16, Issue 5, May 1993, Pages 616–626, https://doi.org/10.1093/clind/16.5.616 Published: 01 May 1993 Article history Received: 26 January 1993 Published: 01 May 1993
Op-Site skin closure: a comparison with subcuticular and interrupted sutures. (1983)

Op-Site skin closure was compared with two standard techniques of wound closure, interrupted silk sutures and subcuticular nylon. The Op-Site skin closure allowed freer drainage of secretions from the wound and the incidence of erythema and tenderness was significantly lower. However, there was a greater tendency for the wound edges to slip out of alignment or invert.
Purification and Properties of Aldehyde Reductases from Yeasts That Convert Ethyl 2-Acetamido-3-oxobutyrate to Optically Active Ethyl 2-Acetamido-3-hydroxybutyrate (1993)

Yeasts were screened for strains that converted ethyl 2-acetamido-3-oxobutyrate (AAOB) to optically active ethyl 2-acetamido-3-hydroxybutyrate (AAHB). Sporobolomyces sp. AKU4430 was found to accumulate the D-threo isomer of AAHB by a whole-cell reaction. Candida albicans AKU4596 accumulated mainly the D-threo and L-threo isomers. The enzymes that reduced AAOB were purified from these two yeasts, and characterized. To judge from their substrate specificity, inhibition pattern, molecular structure, and reaction mechanisms, the enzymes were of the NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase family (probably aldehyde reductase, EC 1.1.1.2). The enzyme of Sporobolomyces sp. reduced AAOB more strongly than that of C. albicans. The stereoselectivity of the enzymes was low; three isomers of AAHB (L-threo, L-allo, and D-threo) were produced by each purified enzyme. The selective accumulation of an isomer(s) of AAHB by reaction in yeast cells probably occurred because of differences in isomer degradation.
An integrative variant analysis pipeline for accurate genotype/haplotype inference in population NGS data (2013)

Next-generation sequencing is a powerful approach for discovering genetic variation. Sensitive variant calling and haplotype inference from population sequencing data remain challenging. We describe methods for high-quality discovery, genotyping, and phasing of SNPs for low-coverage (approximately 5×) sequencing of populations, implemented in a pipeline called SNPTools. Our pipeline contains several innovations that specifically address challenges caused by low-coverage population sequencing: (1) effective base depth (EBD), a nonparametric statistic that enables more accurate statistical modeling of sequencing data; (2) variance ratio scoring, a variance-based statistic that discovers polymorphic loci with high sensitivity and specificity; and (3) BAM-specific binomial mixture modeling (BBMM), a clustering algorithm that generates robust genotype likelihoods from heterogeneous sequencing data. Last, we develop an imputation engine that refines raw genotype likelihoods to produce high-quality phased genotypes/haplotypes. Designed for large population studies, SNPTools' input/output (I/O) and storage aware design leads to improved computing performance on large sequencing data sets. We apply SNPTools to the International 1000 Genomes Project (1000G) Phase 1 low-coverage data set and obtain genotyping accuracy comparable to that of SNP microarray.