gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic feature point extraction and tracking in image sequences for unknown camera motion (2002)

An automatic ego motion compensation based feature detection and correspondence algorithm is presented. For image sequences taken from a moving camera, feature displacement over consecutive frames can be approximately decomposed into two components: the displacement due to camera motion, which can be compensated for by image rotation, scaling, and translation; and the displacement due to object motion and/or perspective projection. The authors introduce a two-step approach. First, the motion of the camera is compensated for by using a computational vision based image registration algorithm. Then consecutive frames are transformed to the same coordinate system and the feature correspondence problem is solved as though for a stationary camera. Feature points are detected using a Gabor wavelet decomposition and a local interaction based algorithm. Methods for subpixel accuracy feature matching and tracking are introduced. Experimental results on a real image sequence are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The discovery of artemisinin and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2015)

The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Professor Tu YouYou for her key contributions to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin has saved millions of lives and represents one of the significant contributions of China to global health. Many scientists were involved in the previously unknown 523 Project, and the Nobel Prize given to a single person has not been without controversy. Here we summarize some key events in the 523 Project and present our views on
Elastic-Wave Velocities and Liquefaction Potential (1984)

Abstract Cyclic triaxial liquefaction tests are used to establish a direct relationship between liquefaction resistance and shear- or compressive-wave velocities in saturated sand. Transducers for generating and receiving elastic waves have been built into the end caps of a triaxial specimen, producing a 3500-Hz shear wave and a 150-kHz compressive wave. Both the fluid-wave and the shear-wave velocities are found to be sensitive to sand type as well as to differences in fabric and stress history for the same sand. Results for six sands of different origins and gradations show that characteristic relationships between elastic-wave velocities and liquefaction resistance can be established for each material. This conclusion suggests that field measurements of elastic-wave velocities may be used to reconstitute laboratory specimens to their in-place liquefaction resistance. On the other hand, velocity measurements alone will not quantify liquefaction resistance, since the resistance-velocity relationship is material dependent.
Participation incentive mechanisms in peer-to-peer subscription systems (2003)

Businesses are trying to explore new business opportunities in the newly emerging P2P technology applications. Motivating peer members through incentive mechanisms to supply contributions to the system and controlling free riding are suggested in this paper as important success factors for developing P2P-based business models. We review the psychology and community behavior literature in order to provide an explanation for the reasons why people get motivated to participate in P2P systems and to contribute to the peer community. Motivation can be classified into individual factors and interpersonal factors. Based on these factors, we develop incentive mechanisms that may help to induce peers to contribute and participate more and thus benefit the entire P2P system and community. In particular, we propose the inclusion of the following four features into P2P application environments: (i) contribution-reward mechanism, (ii) individual identity and profile generation, (iii) sub-community building, and (iv) peer recommendations.
Curvature-based transfer functions for direct volume rendering: methods and applications (2004)

Direct volume rendering of scalar fields uses a transfer function to map locally measured data properties to opacities and colors. The domain of the transfer function is typically the one-dimensional space of scalar data values. This paper advances the use of curvature information in multi-dimensional transfer functions, with a methodology for computing high-quality curvature measurements. The proposed methodology combines an implicit formulation of curvature with convolution-based reconstruction of the field. We give concrete guidelines for implementing the methodology, and illustrate the importance of choosing accurate filters for computing derivatives with convolution. Curvature-based transfer functions are shown to extend the expressivity and utility of volume rendering through contributions in three different application areas: nonphotorealistic volume rendering, surface smoothing via anisotropic diffusion, and visualization of isosurface uncertainty.
Poster: Reducing power consumption of human activity sensing using compressed sensing (2011)

Almost all recent mobile phones are equipped with multiple sensors, such as cameras, GPS, and accelerometers. By exploiting the sensing features, we capture many different events and share them over the mobile network. One of the most important challenges for such a participatory sensing system is the reduction of the battery consumption of the mobile device because the sensing task usually runs as a secondary task and should not disrupt the primary tasks of the mobile phone, such as phone calls. We overcome this problem by compressing the sensed data and sending a minimum amount of data over the wireless link. The compressed sensing (CS) technique is used for this compression with simple matrix operations at the mobile side, and the CPU-intensive reconstruction is performed on the resource-rich machine on the network side. In this paper, we validate this idea by implementing it on the iPhone/iPod platform. Since CS is a lossy compression technique, the reconstructed signal contains errors depending on the degree of sparseness of the original signal. We show that our system can reduce power consumption by approximately 16% compared with ZIP compression, and evaluate the reconstruction error using real sensing data of 86 test subjects.
Endopeptidase and carboxypeptidase activities in human urine which hydrolyze bradykinin. (1992)

1. We have fractionated the bradykinin inactivating activity of human urine by stepwise elution chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and recovered 95% of the inactivating activity and 29% of the protein (absorbance at A280 nm). 2. Seven of nine fractions which presented activity were also tested for angiotensin I and II inactivating activity, angiotensin converting activity and for the hydrolysis of hippuryl-His-Leu and hippuryl-Arg. Sites of hydrolysis in bradykinin were determined by HPLC of the hydrolysates and fragments were compared with authentic peptides. 3. Cleavage sites demonstrated for Fractions A through G were: Phe8-Arg9 (A and B), Phe5-Ser6 (C and F), Pro7-Phe8 (D), Gly4-Phe5 and Pro7-Phe8 (E) and Pro3-Gly4 (G). 4. The relative molecular weight of the bradykininase activity present in each fraction, determined by gel filtration, was: 16 kDa (A), 70 kDa (B), 60 kDa (C), 88 kDa (D), 230 kDa (E), 45 kDa (F) and 49 kDa (G). 5. Bradykinin inactivating activity was inhibited 50-100% by 3 mMEDTA (A, B, D, E and G), 1 mMM 2-mercaptoethanol (A, B, C and G), 0.1 microM Hg2+ (A, C and G), 0.1 mM PMSF (C and F), 1 mM TPCK (C and F), 1 mM Zn2+ (C), 60 microM BPP5a and 40 microM BPP9a (D), 0.1 microM phosphoramidon (E) and 3 mM sodium p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (G). 6. The properties of some of these bradykinin inactivating activities correspond to enzymes previously described in urine and tissues: carboxypeptidases (Fractions A and B), angiotensin I converting enzyme (Fraction D), neutral endopeptidase (Fraction E). However, the chymotrypsin-like activity of Fractions C and F and the prolylendopeptidase activity of Fraction G have not been described before in urine and they are being purified in order to obtain a more accurate characterization.
Integrating Compliance into Business Processes: Process Fragments as Reusable Compliance Controls (2010)

Companies increasingly have to pay attention to compliance concerns addressing business processes. Flexibly reacting to changing requirements coming from laws, regulations, and internal guidelines becomes a necessary part of business process management. Compliance refers therein to the entirety of all measures that need to be taken in order to adhere to laws, regulations and guidelines within the company, subsumed as compliance sources (Daniel et al., 2009, p. 1). In order to comply, companies need to perform profound changes in their organizational structure, business processes, IT systems and applications that drive their business. At this, process-awareness is basic prerequisite for ascertaining whether existing business processes are set up to operate in a compliant manner (Caprasse et al., 2008, p. 14). Among other steps, a compliance office can be installed, role-management is being established, and controls are integrated into particular processes. Consequently, compliance also has an impact on IT systems, applications and supporting infra-structure, as they have to support the execution, monitoring and checking of com-pliance issues. Yet, in the field of Business Process Management (BPM) there is currently no agreed upon solution for enabling a flexible management of compliance require-ments resulting from the interpretation of various compliance sources. There is no ultimate solution that allows to integrate compliance into processes or IT systems, and which specifies, how the execution of processes can be monitored to validate a compliant execution. The integration of compliance thus often results in hard-wired changes and tangled code. Another shortcoming of current solutions is that they do not address the whole compliance management life cycle (Daniel et al.,
[Transitory relaxation of the esophageal inferior sphincter and gastroesophageal reflux]. (1997)

Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation is the most common cause of reflux disease. These are non-swallow-induced, spontaneous relaxations of the LES, leading to frequent episodes of gastroesophageal reflux. It is still unknown why patients with reflux disease have more TLESRs but the answer may lie in the afferent sensory mechanisms of the stomach, involved in a vagal reflex arc that control the LES.
Cross-Layer Survivability in WDM-Based Networks (2010)

In layered networks, a single failure at a lower layer may cause multiple failures in the upper layers. As a result, traditional schemes that protect against single failures may not be effective in multilayer networks. In this paper, we introduce the problem of maximizing the connectivity of layered networks. We show that connectivity metrics in layered networks have significantly different meaning than their single-layer counterparts. Results that are fundamental to survivable single-layer network design, such as the Max-Flow Min-Cut Theorem, are no longer applicable to the layered setting. We propose new metrics to measure connectivity in layered networks and analyze their properties. We use one of the metrics, Min Cross Layer Cut, as the objective for the survivable lightpath routing problem and develop several algorithms to produce lightpath routings with high survivability. This allows the resulting cross-layer architecture to be resilient to failures between layers.
Chemical Degradation of Polymers (Polyurethanes, Polycarbonate and Polyamide) by Esters of H-phosphonic and Phosphoric Acids (2013)

Abstract A review of the research efforts on the development of pathways for the degradation of polymer–wastes of polyurethanes, polycarbonates and polyamides by esters of H-phosphonic and phosphoric acids is presented. Our group has made it clear, thanks to a vast research program devoted to this subject, that alkyl esters of H-phosphonic and phosphoric acids can be used as very effective degrading agents for polymers. Products and mechanism of polyurethanes degradation by treatment with phosphonates are reviewed in this work. The interest of phosphorus-containing degradation products lies on the fire retardant properties that these phosphorous moieties introduce in the recovered molecules. Most of these phosphorilated molecules can be easily reapplied as reactive intermediates by treatment with propylene oxide and used for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. The interaction of poly[2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propanecarbonate] (PC) with H-phosphonic acid dialkyl esters [(RO)2P(O)H, where R = CH3 or CH2CH3], or with triethyl phosphate (CH3CH2O)3P(O) yielded interesting phosphorus-containing oligocarbonates. Polyamide-6 can be converted into functional reactive oligomers with new properties by treatment with diesters of the H-phosphonic acid. Keywords: Chemical degradationpolyurethanespolycarbonatepolyamide-6phosphorus-containing oligomerschemical recycling
Accuracy of thermistors and thermocouples as flow-measuring devices for detecting hypopnoeas (1998)

The aim of this work was to assess the accuracy of thermistors/thermocouples as devices for detecting hypopnoeas in sleep studies. Conventional thermistor/thermocouples were studied with a respiratory model allowing the simulation of inspiratory (22 degrees C) and expiratory (37 degrees C) flows. The thermistor signal (V'th) was compared with a pneumotachograph (V'th): 1) for sinusoidal and square-wave airflows (+/-0.05 to +/-0.8 L.s(-1), 10-20 breaths.min(-1) (bpm)); 2) when changing the distance from the thermistor to the nose (0-20 mm); and 3) when doubling the section of the nostrils. The thermistor was strongly nonlinear and flow reductions (hypopnoeas) were underestimated: a 50% reduction in V' (+/-0.5 L.s(-1), 15 bpm, sinusoidal) resulted in only an 18% reduction in V'th. V'th depended considerably on the airflow pattern: for V'=+/-0.5 L.s(-1), V'th increased by 100% from sinusoidal (20 bpm) to square-wave (10 bpm). For V'=+/-0.5 L.s(-1), 15 bpm, sinusoidal flow, V'th increased by 79% when the distance thermistor-nose varied from 20-0 mm, and V'th decreased by 37% when doubling the nose section. We concluded that thermistor/thermocouples are inaccurate flow-measuring devices when used at the airflow conditions typical of sleep studies. Their use for quantifying hypopnoeas may lead to considerable underdetection of these respiratory events.
FREMONTELLA INOPINATA n. sp. DEL CAMBRICO DE LA ARGENTINA (1963)

Fremontella inopinata n. sp. from the Cambrian of Argentina. The material described has been found in Sierra Villicum, San Juan Province. The genus Fremontella, mentioned as Olenellidian trilobite, for the first time in the Southern Hemisphere, confirms the presence of Lower Cambrian strata in this country.
Oxo-complexes of rhenium(V) (1966)

Improved methods of preparing salts of the oxopentachlororhenate(V) ion, [ReOCl5]2–, are given and the magnetic properties of Cs2ReOCl5 are discussed. The hydrolysis of rhenium pentachloride in the presence of triphenylphosphine leads to the formation of rhenium(III) complexes. The reaction products of trans-dioxobis(ethylenediamine)rhenium(V) chloride with hydrochloric acid are reformulated. The visible spectra of some trans-dioxo-, oxohydroxo- and bis(hydroxo)rhenium(V) compounds are discussed.
Plasma-enhanced CVD: Oxides, nitrides, transition metals, and transition metal silicides (1984)

Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of thin films has generated considerable interest in recent years. Much of this interest stems from the ability of high energy electrons in rf glow discharges (plasmas) to break chemical bonds and thereby promote chemical reactions at or near room temperature. Such considerations are particularly important when depositing films onto substrates which cannot withstand high temperatures. A further advantage, however, is that the highly reactive plasma atmosphere can result in the formation of materials with unique chemical, physical, and electrical properties. In this paper, the plasma-enhanced deposition of oxide, nitride, transition metal, and transition metal silicide films will be discussed. Emphasis will be placed upon the chemistry occurring in the glow discharge, and on the manner in which this chemistry controls the resulting film properties.
APOBEC3G promotes liver metastasis in an orthotopic mouse model of colorectal cancer and predicts human hepatic metastasis (2011)

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death from cancer in the United States. Metastases in the liver, the most common metastatic site for colorectal cancer, are found in one-third of the patients who die of colorectal cancer. Currently, the genes and molecular mechanisms that are functionally critical in modulating colorectal cancer hepatic metastasis remain unclear. Here, we report our studies using functional selection in an orthotopic mouse model of colorectal cancer to identify a set of genes that play an important role in mediating colorectal cancer liver metastasis. These genes included APOBEC3G, CD133, LIPC, and S100P. Clinically, we found these genes to be highly expressed in a cohort of human hepatic metastasis and their primary colorectal tumors, suggesting that it might be possible to use these genes to predict the likelihood of hepatic metastasis. We have further revealed what we believe to be a novel mechanism in which APOBEC3G promotes colorectal cancer hepatic metastasis through inhibition of miR-29-mediated suppression of MMP2. Together, our data elucidate key factors and mechanisms involved in colorectal cancer liver metastasis, which could be potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.
Safety of betaine as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 258/97 (2017)

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on betaine as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 258/97. The information provided on the composition, the specifications, the batch-to-batch variability, stability and production process of the NF is sufficient and does not raise concerns about the safety of the NF. The NF is proposed to be used in foods intended to meet additional requirements for intense muscular effort with a maximum intake of 2.5 g/day of betaine for sports people above 10 years of age. Based on the lowest BMDL<sub>05</sub>, which was derived from a chronic toxicity study in rats in which a dose-related increase in platelet counts was observed, and the anticipated daily intake of the NF in the target population, the Margins of Exposure are 3.6 and 5, which are generally regarded as not sufficient. However, the total exposure to betaine from the diet (about 830 mg/day) is not known to be associated with adverse effects. Moreover, no adverse effects on platelet counts were noted in human intervention studies with exposure levels of 4 g/day of betaine for up to 6 months. A significant increase in total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations was noted at intakes of 4 g/day of betaine in overweight subjects with metabolic syndrome but not in healthy subjects, nor at intakes of 3 g/day. Thus, considering 4 g/day of betaine as a reference point and applying an uncertainty factor of 10 to account for interindividual variability, an amount of 400 mg/day of betaine (i.e. 6 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for adults) in addition to the background exposure is considered as safe. The Panel considers that the NF is safe to be used at maximum intake of 6 mg/kg bw per day in the target population.
Treatment and prevention of acute viral respiratory infections in children with leukocytic interferon. (1977)

Children with viral respiratory infections and healthy contacts received treatment and prophylaxis with leukocytic interferon. The results emphasize the effectiveness of treatment when interferon is given on the first or second day of the disease. In these cases the course is mild, of short duration, and without complications. Conversely, the clinical course in children who did not receive interferon was more severe; the disease lasted longer, and complications were not uncommon. Prophylactic instillation of interferon succeded in protecting 85.2 percent of contacts; those who contracted the infection had a mild disease with insignificant complications. No allergic or intoxication phenomena were observed in children receiving leukocytic interferon for treatment or prophylaxis.
Cross-Age Tutoring and the Sacrosanct Reading Period (1977)

Cross- age tutoring in the elementary school has long been recognized as a valid means of learning for both the tutor and the tutee; (Frager &amp; Stern, 1970). Many studies even show that the tutors make greater gains than the tutees, (Cloward, 1967). Like many validated educational innovations, however, cross- age tutoring is not practiced to any great extent in the schools, par-ticularly the elementary schools. One of the main reasons for this is that tutoring is difficult to fit into the regular school program. Reading, writing, social studies, math, science, health, etc., all seem to fill the day of the elementary school student. The problem of time becomes more severe as the student progresses through elementary school. It is further compounded in the intermediate grades when many schools begin forms of team teaching and/or departmentalization. The question seems to be then: How can one introduce a program such as cross-age tutoring without sacrificing components of the already existing program? The answer is simple. It can’t be done! Something has to go! The purpose of this study then was to see the effect on student achievement when a cross-age tutoring program was substituted for a traditional program—in this case; the traditional reading program.
Effect of complement on the viscoelastic properties of human erythrocyte membrane (1985)

Using the micropipette technique, we examined the viscoelastic properties of the red blood cell (RBC) membrane which had been strongly coated with various components of complement (primary C3b, C3d, C4b, C4d) in vitro. The membrane elastic modulus (E), the viscosity index of the initial rapid phase of deformation (eta D1), the viscosity of the later slow phase of deformation (eta D2) and the viscosity of the recovery phase (eta R) were determined. Compared to control non-complement coated RBCs, RBCs coated with C3d, either alone or with other complement components, showed significant increase in the values for elasticity and viscosities. Thus C3d fixation resulted in decreased membrane deformability. Changes in membrane viscoelasticity due to bound C3d were not enhanced by bound C4b, C4d, C5, factor Bb or p; presence on RBC membrane of the latter two complement components may partially reverse the effect of C3d fixation. Lipid fluidity of RBC membrane, examined by fluorescence depolarization, increased with fixation of all complement components except C5. These complement-induced changes in membrane viscoelastic properties have potential pathophysiological and clinical implications. The data suggest that extravascular sequestration of human RBCs may be explained in part by increased membrane rigidity resulting from C3d fixation.
A PECVD CNT-based open architecture field ionizer for portable mass spectrometry (2008)

This paper reports a novel carbon nanotube (CNT)- based field ionizer that is part of a portable micro gas analyzer. The device uses a micro-fabricated 3D foam-like silicon structure (mufoam) to increase the neutral particle flux, resulting in higher ion current. The mufoam is fabricated using deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). The ionizer uses plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) CNTs as field enhancers. The PECVD CNT growth interacts with the mufoam to produce a sparse array of isolated CNT clusters on top of the mufoam. Electrical tests of the device both as an electron field emitter and field ionizer are reported and discussed.