gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A flexible triboelectric-piezoelectric hybrid nanogenerator based on P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers and PDMS/MWCNT for wearable devices (2016)

This paper studied and realized a flexible nanogenerator based on P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers and PDMS/MWCNT thin composite membrane, which worked under triboelectric and piezoelectric hybrid mechanisms. The P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers as a piezoelectric functional layer and a triboelectric friction layer are formed by electrospinning process. In order to improve the performance of triboelectric nanogenerator, the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) is doped into PDMS patterned films as the other flexible friction layer to increase the initial capacitance. The flexible nanogenerator is fabricated by low cost MEMS processes. Its output performance is characterized in detail and structural optimization is performed. The device's output peak-peak voltage, power and power density under triboelectric mechanism are 25 V, 98.56 μW and 1.98 mW/cm<sup>3</sup> under the pressure force of 5 N, respectively. The output peak-peak voltage, power and power density under piezoelectric working principle are 2.5 V, 9.74 μW, and 0.689 mW/cm<sup>3</sup> under the same condition, respectively. We believe that the proposed flexible, biocompatible, lightweight, low cost nanogenerator will supply effective power energy sustainably for wearable devices in practical applications.
Pulmonary Inflammation Induced by<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>Lipopolysaccharide, Phospholipase C, and Exotoxin A: Role of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 (2002)

Chronic pulmonary infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is common in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS), phosholipase C (PLC), and exotoxin A (ETA) were evaluated for their ability to induce pulmonary inflammation in mice following intranasal inoculation. Both LPS and PLC induced high levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta-6, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), MIP-1 alpha MIP-2 in the lungs but did not affect IL-18 levels. ETA did not induce TNF-alpha and was a weak inducer of IL-1 beta, IL-6, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), and MIP-2. Remarkably, ETA reduced constitutive lung IL-18 levels. LPS was the only factor inducing IFN-gamma. LPS, PLC, and ETA all induced cell infiltration in the lungs. The role of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) in pulmonary inflammation induced by LPS, PLC, and ETA was evaluated. When inoculated with LPS, IRF-1 gene knockout (IRF-1 KO) mice produced lower levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IFN-gamma than did wild-type (WT) mice. Similarly, a milder effect of ETA on IL-1 beta and IL-18 was observed for IRF-1 KO than for WT mice. In contrast, the cytokine response to PLC did not differ between WT and IRF-1 KO mice. Accordingly, LPS and ETA, but not PLC, induced expression of IRF-1 mRNA. IRF-1 deficiency had no effect on MIP-1 alpha and MIP-2 levels and on cell infiltration induced by LPS, PLC, or ETA. Flow cytometric evaluation of lung mononuclear cells revealed strongly reduced percentages of CD8(+) and NK cells in IRF-1 KO mice compared to percentages observed for WT mice. These data indicate that different virulence factors from P. aeruginosa induce pulmonary inflammation in vivo and that IRF-1 is involved in some of the cytokine responses to LPS and ETA.
Modelling, Analysis and Flight Testing of a Military Turbofan Engine Under Windmilling Conditions (2019)

Abstract Flight testing of a military low bypass turbofan engine involves multitudes of tests to ensure the Engine - Aircraft compatibility across the flight envelope. One of the safety critical tests is to conduct In-Flight restart of the engine. Detailed planning and careful execution is mandated for a single engine aircraft. Accurate modelling of sub-idle performance characteristics of the engine during windmilling conditions enables better prediction of engine behavior during in-Flight shutdown and restart. Typically, Engine manufacturer provides a Performance Cycle Deck (PCD) to predict and assess the performance of the engine across the flight envelope for all throttle positions. However, the PCD does not include sub-idle behavior. The present work focusses on developing a torque based engine behavior model which enables prediction of time dependent fan and compressor characteristics during sub-idle operations. The proposed model is divided into two parts. The first part deals with deceleration characteristics during engine shut-off and spool down, and the second part deals with the acceleration characteristics during spooling up and engine restart. In-flight spool-down (a quick relight without windmilling) restart data obtained through flight tests was used to validate the present model. The model is intended to be used for future flight tests which include windmill restarts under various operating conditions. The model is expected to accurately predict the correlation between aircraft speed and engine windmilling rotor speeds for arriving at a windmill restart envelope for the aircraft.
Scanning Force Microscopy Study of Patterned Monolayers of Alkanethiols on Gold. Importance of Tip−Sample Contact Area in Interpreting Force Modulation and Friction Force Microscopy Images (1997)

Several patterned monolayers of alkanethiols CH3(CH2)n-1SH on a polycrystalline Au substrate were prepared by using microcontact printing and solution deposition methods, and their surfaces were examined by IR spectroscopy, scanning force microscopy, lateral force microscopy (LFM), and force modulation microscopy (FMM). Our work shows that LFM and FMM can detect differences in packing density of chemically identical molecules which are too small to be detected by IR, ellipsometry, and wetting measurements and suggests that the tip−sample contact area is an important parameter governing the contrasts of LFM and FMM images. Stiffness images obtained with FMM depend on changes in the Young's modulus of a sample surface as well as in the tip−sample contact area. As a result, a surface region of small modulus can have a large stiffness due to its large contact area.
New drugs for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. (2015)

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are diverse diseases either of mature B-cell or T-cell derivation. Despite being generally chemosensitive diseases, the last decade has focused on developing more targeted agents based on improved insights of underlying biology. The hope is that more targeted and biologically rational treatments will improve both the efficacy and toxicity profile of standard approaches, with the ultimate goal of improving clinical outcomes. Among the newest agents to be approved are inhibitors of B-cell receptor (BCR) and PI3K signaling; however, a number of other classes of agents such as selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINE), inhibitors of immune regulation such as PD1 inhibitors, and small molecule inhibitors of apoptosis are on the horizon. In addition, growing clinical evidence supports continued and new applications for immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors. Altogether, this is an exciting time for NHL, with a number of promising agents and early clinical data. The key path forward will be to better apply these new agents in a personalized way, which will hopefully constitute the next generation of trials.
Quantification of human urinary free secretory component, secretory and nonsecretory IgA by ELISA. (1989)

The specific quantification of human urinary free secretory component (FSC), secretory IgA (SIgA) and total IgA using ELISA has been hampered by mutual interferences of these three molecules. Using affinity chromatographically purified antisera an attempt was therefore made to reduce these interferences without necessitating further assay steps. FSC and total IgA were measured in unprocessed urine by means of anti-FSC and anti-IgA as well as alkaline phosphatase-coupled anti-FSC or anti-IgA antisera. SIgA was determined using anti-IgA as well as alkaline phosphatase-coupled anti-FSC. Nonsecretory urinary IgA was calculated from the measured SIgA and total IgA. The mutual interferences of FSC, SIgA or nonsecretory IgA in the three assay systems were low and not relevant for normal samples. Normal urinary concentrations were: FSC 344 +/- (SD) 208 ng/ml (n = 120), SIgA 1,874 +/- 1,133 ng/ml (n = 123) and nonsecretory IgA, depending on the way of standardization, 712 +/- 699 (n = 56) or 878 +/- 732 ng/ml (n = 51). SIgA excretion increased with age. Lower urinary SIgA as well as total and nonsecretory IgA levels were observed in males as compared to females. No correlation evolved between the hormonal status of women and the excretion of FSC, SIgA or IgA. In IgA-deficient patients virtually no nonsecretory IgA or SIgA was detected in the urine while the FSC concentration was in the normal range.
Base-By-Base: Single nucleotide-level analysis of whole viral genome alignments (2004)

Base-By-Base enables users to quickly and easily compare large viral genomes; it highlights small differences that may be responsible for important phenotypic differences such as virulence. It is available via the Internet using Java Web Start and runs on Macintosh, PC and Linux operating systems with the Java 1.4 virtual machine.
The Novel Syntheses of Photoreversible Cyclobutanocrown Ethers by the Intramolecular Photoaddition of α,ω-Dicinnamoyl Polyethylene Glycol Derivatives (1987)

Abstract Irradiation of a solution of dicinnamates of o-bis(3-hydroxy-1-oxapropyl)benzene and o-bis(6-hydroxy-1,4-dioxahexyl)benzene in methanol by Pyrex-filtered UV light gave the corresponding intramolecular pseudophotodimerized crown ethers, and irradiation of the crown ethers in methanol by 220 nm UV light gave the open chain starting dicinnamates in reverse. The structures of the isolated crown ethers were confirmed to be δ-form by the 1H NMR spectra and X-ray analysis.
Effect of Bovine Growth Hormone Administered in Various Patterns on Nitrogen Metabolism in the Holstein Steer (1982)

Understanding the relationship between the components of the growth hormone (GH) secretory pattern and metabolism may provide a basis for designing studies aimed at exploring how to manipulate GH secretion to stimulate protein gains. In a 4 X 4 Latin square design with one additional period to replicate the first treatment period, eight Holstein steers, 195 kg, were assigned to receive the following treatments: 1) 10-day iv infusion (1) of GH; 2) 10 d of six iv pulse injections (P) of GH daily; 3) 10-d combination of infusion and pulses (IP) and 4) controls (C) receiving no injections or infusions. The GH dose was 48 micrograms/kg-1.d-1. Daily feed, total urine and total fecal collections were made for nitrogen (N) determination. Individual samples for d 3 through 6 (collection A) and d 7 through 10 (collection B) were pooled for analysis. Concentrations of GH were determined in blood samples collected on d 10. In collection A, and N metabolism measures were similar among all treatment groups; however, in collection B, treatment of steers with exogenous GH increased the apparent digestion coefficients for dry matter (P less than .01) and dietary N (P less than .01) and also increased the percentage N retained (P less than .01) and the retention of metabolizable N (P less than .05). Metabolic responses were similar among the different patterns of administration. The positive effects on metabolism during collection B not found in collection A were due to length of treatment with GH, as indicated by the fact that none of the measures of metabolism were changed with time in the controls. Serum concentrations of GH were increased (P less than .001) in GH-treated steers compared with controls. These results support the hypotheses that treatment of normal, growing steers with exogenous GH stimulates nitrogen accretion and that pattern of administration does not significantly affect the N response.
Platinum Plating from Alkaline Solutions (1937)

(1937). Platinum Plating from Alkaline Solutions. Transactions of the IMF: Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 1-7.
Adaptive performance improvement of switched reluctance motor with two‐phase excitation (2005)

Abstract This paper presents an analytical model of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) with two phases simultaneously excited and a short flux path in the magnetic circuit of the motor, including the saturation effect. The aim is to improve transient operation and to reduce the torque ripples of the motor. To this end, an adaptive mechanism is introduced for the desirable torque estimation that tends the speed error to zero; a proper current profile is then determined in order to guarantee the convergence of the motor's torque to the desirable estimated value. The recommended technique does not require the precise knowledge of the parameters of the motor such as mutual effect of adjacent phases. It is shown that the application of this technique leads to a better transient operation of motor compared to other available techniques. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low-Complexity Adaptive Chromatic Dispersion Estimation Scheme Using Machine Learning for Coherent Long-Reach Passive Optical Networks (2019)

In the coherent long-reach passive optical networks (LRPON), it is crucial to propose cost-effective digital signal processing (DSP) technologies to reduce the overall complexity and power consumption. This paper has proposed a low-complexity chromatic dispersion (CD) estimation scheme based on deep neural networks (DNN) and the error vector magnitude (EVM). To add comparisons, the performances of CD estimation schemes using other two well-known machine learning algorithms including the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and the decision tree (DT) have also been investigated. The simulation results show that the proposed CD estimation scheme is effective in the coherent LRPON with the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) systems at 14Gbaud rate, 28Gbaud rate and 56Gbaud rate. The comprehensive performances of the DNN outperform those of the KNN and the DT. The mean estimation error of the DNN is less than 20ps/nm within the 100 km access distance in the 28Gbaud QPSK/16QAM systems. What's more, compared with classical methods using the CD scanning and frequent domain equalizers (FDE), the computation complexity of the proposed CD estimation scheme based on the DNN-EVM has been respectively reduced by 72.3 times, 86.7 times and 2.8 times about the amount of multipliers, adders and comparators.
Microvascular studies in human radiation bowel disease. (1984)

The microvasculature was investigated in the normal bowel (n = 43 patients) and in radiation bowel disease (n = 18 patients). Tissue samples obtained from postoperative colectomy specimens in which the intramural vessels had been perfused with barium sulphate suspension were examined. Microradiography was used to study vascular pattern which was abnormal in radiation bowel disease. A recently described radiograph fluorescence system was used to estimate barium concentration, and hence microvascular volume. The radiation group showed a highly significant reduction in barium concentration (p less than 0.001), when compared with the normal group. This reduction was diffuse in samples from 15 patients who had received combined intracavity and external radiotherapy, but localised in two patients who had received intracavity treatment only. It is concluded that microvascular compromise is an important factor in the natural history of radiation bowel disease.
Similarity measures for retrieval in case-based reasoning systems (1998)

Case - based reasoning ( CBR ) is one of the emerging paradigms for designing intelligent systems . Retrieval of similar cases is a primary step in CBR , and the similarity measure plays a very important role in case retrieval . Sometimes CBR systems are called similarity searching systems , the most important characteristic of which is the effectiveness of the similarity measure used to quantify the degree of resemblance between a pair of cases . This article focuses on the similarity measuring methods for CBR and comprises two parts . The first part reviews the existing methods for measuring similarity in the literature based on more than 100 CBR project studies and some general similarity measures seen in other applications . In the second part , a hybrid similarity measure is proposed for comparing cases with a mixture of crisp and fuzzy features . Its application to the domain of failure analysis is illustrated .
Serum Hyaluronan in Patients With Multiple Myeloma: Correlation With Survival and Ig Concentration (1999)

Serum from 386 myeloma patients were analyzed for serum hyaluronan (HYA) at diagnosis. Median age was 68 years (range, 32 to 87 years). The distribution of Ig classes was typical (58% IgG, 21% IgA, 1% IgD, and 20% light chain disease). The patients comprised 58% in stage III, 33% in stage II, and 9% in stage I. The majority (82%) had HYA values within an intermediate range (10 to 120 micrograms/L), 13% had high values (>120 micrograms/L), and 5% had abnormally low values (0 to 9 micrograms/L). For the first time, a patient group with abnormally low HYA serum values is reported. An inverse correlation between survival and HYA serum level was found (P =.015). When tested separately, patients with abnormally low or high HYA values had significantly shorter median survival (21.1 and 19.7 months, respectively) than those with an intermediate HYA concentration (32. 6 months; P =.005). Patients with abnormally low or high HYA levels had more advanced disease as judged by staging and biochemical markers. Interestingly, there was an inverse correlation between the HYA value and the M-component concentration in serum. Fifty percent of patients with abnormally low HYA values had IgA myelomas. In conclusion, the serum concentration of HYA may be of prognostic value in selected cases of multiple myeloma. Further studies will be performed to elucidate possible explanations for our findings, especially those related to the HYA cell surface binding proteins.
In Vitro Combination of Amdoxovir and the Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Mycophenolic Acid and Ribavirin Demonstrates Potent Activity against Wild-Type and Drug-Resistant Variants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (2004)

Amdoxovir [(-)-beta-d-2,6-diaminopurine dioxolane (DAPD)] is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. DAPD is deaminated by adenosine deaminase to the guanosine analogue dioxolane guanosine (DXG), which is subsequently phosphorylated to the corresponding 5' triphosphate (DXG-TP). DXG-TP competes with the natural substrate dGTP for binding to the enzyme-nucleic acid complex. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) and ribavirin (RBV), inhibitors of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), inhibit the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, including dGTP. Reducing the intracellular levels of dGTP would be expected to augment the antiviral activity of analogues of deoxyguanosine. In this study we examined the effect of MPA and RBV on the anti-HIV activity of DAPD and DXG. When tested against wild-type virus, both MPA and RBV decreased the 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) for DXG by at least 10-fold. In contrast, both MPA and RBV increase the EC(50) value for zidovudine. MPA and RBV completely reversed the resistance to DXG observed with HIV isolates containing mutations which confer partial resistance to DAPD and DXG. Similarly, when tested against a mutant virus fully resistant to inhibition by DAPD (K65R/Q151M), MPA and RBV reduced the EC(50) for DAPD to within twofold of that for the wild type. The combination of MPA or RBV with DAPD or DXG did not result in increased cytotoxicity or reduced levels of mitochondrial DNA when tested at physiologically relevant concentrations. These studies suggest a potential role for the use of IMPDH inhibitors in combination therapy with amdoxovir in the treatment of HIV.
Passive Immunization with Antibodies against Three Distinct Epitopes on<i>Plasmodium yoelii</i>Merozoite Surface Protein 1 Suppresses Parasitemia (1998)

We have produced monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) and have assessed their ability to suppress blood stage parasitemia by passive immunization. Six immunoglobulin G antibodies were characterized in detail: three (B6, D3, and F5) were effective in suppressing a lethal blood stage challenge infection, two (B10 and G3) were partially effective, and one (B4) was ineffective. MSP-1 is the precursor to a complex of polypeptides on the merozoite surface; all of the antibodies bound to this precursor and to an approximately 42-kDa fragment (MSP-142) that is derived from the C terminus of MSP-1. MSP-142 is further cleaved to an N-terminal approximately 33-kDa polypeptide (MSP-133) and a C-terminal approximately 19-kDa polypeptide (MSP-119) comprised of two epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like modules. D3 reacted with MSP-142 but not with either of the constituents MSP-133 and MSP-119, B4 recognized an epitope within the N terminus of MSP-133, and B6, B10, F5, and G3 bound to MSP-119. B10 and G3 bound to epitopes that required both C-terminal EGF-like modules for their formation, whereas B6 and F5 bound to epitopes in the first EGF-like module. These results indicate that at least three distinct epitopes on P. yoelii MSP-1 are recognized by antibodies that suppress parasitemia in vivo.
Paramagnetic Fine Structure Spectrum of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>in a Single Ruby Crystal (1956)

The fine structure spectrum of the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{+++}$ paramagnetic resonance line in a single ruby crystal has been studied at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. From the measurements it is found that the zero-field splitting of the spin levels is 2 (0.193\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.001) ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and the spectroscopic splitting factors are ${g}_{\mathrm{II}}=2.003\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.006$ and ${g}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}=2.00\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$.
Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials (1990)

ASM Handbook, Volume 2 is a comprehensive guide to nonferrous metals and alloys. It provides detailed information on compositions, properties, selection, and applications of major alloy groups, with particular emphasis on aluminum, titanium, copper, and magnesium. A section on special-purpose materials examines alloys with outstanding magnetic and electrical properties, heat-resistant alloys, wear-resistant materials, shape memory alloys, and metal-matrix composites. Additional sections present manufacture and applications of materials used for superconductors, data compilations that describe the characteristics and properties of pure metals, recycling and reclaiming, and a detailed review of the toxic effects of metals. The volume contains 62 articles written by 150 technical experts and includes 1,800 illustrations and 1,200 tables. For information on the print version of Volume 2, ISBN 978-0-87170-378-1, follow this link.
Foil Gas Bearing With Compression Springs: Analyses and Experiments (2006)

PROCEEDINGS PAPER Foil Gas Bearing With Compression Springs: Analyses and Experiments Ju-Ho Song, Ju-Ho Song Texas A&M University, College Station, TX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Daejong Kim Daejong Kim Texas A&M University, College Station, TX Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author Information Ju-Ho Song Texas A&M University, College Station, TX Daejong Kim Texas A&M University, College Station, TX Paper No: IJTC2006-12160, pp. 1291-1302; 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1115/IJTC2006-12160 Published Online: October 2, 2008