gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
La perception de la qualité dans le cadre d'une consommation de nature expérientielle (2007)

Résumé Le comportement du consommateur a longtemps été décrit comme un processus de collecte et de traitement d’informations destiné à trouver une réponse optimale à un besoin à satisfaire. Les recherches en psychologie cognitive ont tenté de découvrir les mécanismes de traitement des informations. Néanmoins, les modèles développés n’ont pas permis d’expliquer certains comportements dans bon nombre de secteurs d’activité tels que le théâtre, la culture ou les loisirs, dans la mesure où l’expérience de consommation en elle-même a été mise de côté. Dès lors, le risque réside dans la non prise en considération des phénomènes tels que les pratiques ludiques, les plaisirs sensoriels, l’expérience esthétique et les réactions émotionnelles. Or la littérature marketing a permis de démontrer que le consommateur évalue un produit non seulement en fonction de ses caractéristiques fonctionnelles, mais également pour ses dimensions émotionnelles et symboliques. Afin de mieux cerner la qualité perçue d’une expérience de consommation d’un bien ou d’un service, une revue en matière de littérature affective dans le domaine du comportement du consommateur s’impose.
Evaluation of the needle technique for producing an arteriovenous fistula (1994)

The purpose of the present study were to evaluate the needle technique of creating an arteriovenous (a-v) fistula and to quantitatively determine the hemodynamic responses in rats with three different fistula sizes. The fistula was made in male Sprague-Dawley rats between the aorta and vena cava below the renal arteries by using 20-, 18-, and 16-gauge angiocath needles. Five weeks after a sham operation or creation of an a-v fistula, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), right atrial pressure, shunt flow, cardiac index, systemic flow, individual organ flows, and heart weight were quantitatively determined. All flow measurements were made using radioactive microspheres. The flow to the lungs was used as a measure of shunt flow. The shunt flow in the 20-, 18-, and 16-gauge fistula animals was significantly increased from a value of 2 +/- 1% (SE) to 50.0 +/- 0.1, 78 +/- 3, and 76 +/- 3% of total cardiac output, respectively. Average cardiac index in the 20-, 18-, and 16-gauge fistula animals increased by 105, 270, and 250%, respectively, compared with control. Right atrial pressure and heart weight were increased in proportion to the size of the fistula. MAP in the control and 20-, 18-, and 16-gauge fistula animals was 122 +/- 5, 126 +/- 3, 118 +/- 3, and 111 +/- 4 mmHg, respectively. There were no significant differences in MAP or systemic flow among any of these groups. The calculated total peripheral resistance in all fistula groups was significantly decreased compared with control.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Propagation of light trapped within a set of lowest-order modes of graded-index multimode fiber undergoing bending (2000)

We describe experimental results and a theoretical analysis for propagation in graded-index multimode fiber when diode laser light is launched into the lowest-order propagation modes and the fiber undergoes severe bending perturbations. Experimentally, near-field modal interference images and transmission loss measurements were obtained for different loop diameters. The data indicate that, when the fundamental mode is excited, the light remains in lowest-order modes even for small bend diameters. This is consistent with analysis which predicts that, in a parabolic-index multimode fiber subject to constant diameter bending, the light tends to oscillate between lowest-order modes and remains trapped therein rather than diffusing to high-order modes. Implications of these results for an intrusion-resistant communication system with graded-index multimode fiber are discussed.
Brucella melitensis infection in sheep: present and future. (1998)

Sheep brucellosis, a zoonosis mainly due to B. melitensis (biovar 1, 2 or 3), remains widespread world-wide. Pathologically and epidemiologically, the disease is very similar to B. abortus infection in cattle. The live B. melitensis Rev 1 strain is currently considered as the best vaccine available for the control of sheep brucellosis, especially when used at the standard dose by the conjunctival route. Used exhaustively in whole-flock vaccination programmes, it induces a great decrease in the prevalence in both sheep and human populations. The expensive test-and-slaughter strategy should be restricted to the lowest infected areas. Whenever possible, Brucella spp. should be isolated by culture using adequate selective media from uterine discharges, aborted fetuses, udder secretions or selected tissues, such as lymph nodes, testes or epididymides. Species and biovar identification is routinely based on cultural criteria, on lysis by phages and on simple biochemical and serological tests. The recently developed polymerase chain reaction methods provide additional means of detection and identification. Despite the high degree of DNA homology within the genus Brucella, several methods, including PCR-RFLP and Southern blot, have been developed which allow, to a certain extent, the differentiation between Brucella species and some of their biovars. While several ELISA tests have been developed recently, the rose bengal plate agglutination and complement fixation tests, based on the detection of anti-S-LPS antibody, are still recommended for screening flocks and individuals. However, these tests sometimes lack specificity or sensitivity. For pooled samples, there are no useful tests such as the milk ring test in cattle. The brucellin allergic skin test can be used as a screening or complementary test in unvaccinated flocks, provided that a purified, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-free and standardized antigen preparation is used.
Femtosecond all-fiber ring lasers (2002)

Summary form only given. Erbium-doped fibers make it possible to develop compact, all-fiber sources of femtosecond pulses in the 1.5 /spl mu/m wavelength regime. In this paper we describe the operation of fully self-starting, passively modelocked, fiber ring lasers and discuss criteria for their design. Pulses with durations of 77 fs, and energies of 90 pJ and have been generated at a repetition rate of 45 MHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Strong-Coupling Theory of Superconductive Electron-Electron Interaction for High-T<sub>c</sub> Oxide Superconductors (1987)

We discuss the role of the spin exchange interaction for high- T c Y–Ba type copper oxide superconductors. We then formulate a strong-coupling theory for our recently proposed mechanism for high- T c oxide superconductors by a two-band model of lighter and heavier electrons while taking into account an infrared divergent effect due to the Fermi surface of the lighter electrons. We show how to theoretically derive a very high experimental ratio, twice the energy gap at T =0, over the transition temperature, 2Δ(0)/ k T c , to be in the range from 4.5 to 7.5.
Stereoselective synthesis of 2,5-dihydrofurans by sequential SN2' cleavage of alkynyloxiranes and silver(I)-catalyzed cyclization of the allenylcarbinol products (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective synthesis of 2,5-dihydrofurans by sequential SN2' cleavage of alkynyloxiranes and silver(I)-catalyzed cyclization of the allenylcarbinol productsJames A. Marshall and Kevin G. PinneyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 25, 7180–7184Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00077a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00077a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1648Altmetric-Citations176LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An Adaptive True Motion Estimation Algorithm for Frame Rate Conversion of High Definition Video (2010)

Frame Rate Up-Conversion (FRUC) is necessary for displaying low frame rate video signals on high frame rate flat panel displays. This paper proposes an adaptive true Motion Estimation (ME) algorithm for FRUC of High Definition video formats. The proposed ME algorithm produces similar quality results with less number of calculations or better quality results with similar number of calculations compared to 3D Recursive Search true ME algorithm by adaptively using optimized sets of candidate search locations and several computational complexity reduction techniques.
THE REDUCTION OF NAPHTHALENE BY ALKALI METALS IN LIQUID AMMONIA (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE REDUCTION OF NAPHTHALENE BY ALKALI METALS IN LIQUID AMMONIACharles Bushnell. Wooster and Frank B. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1931, 53, 1, 179–187Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1931Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1931https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01352a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01352a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views188Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phosphoric amides. 3. Acidic cleavage of the phosphorus-nitrogen bond in acyclic and cyclic phosphoramidates (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphoric amides. 3. Acidic cleavage of the phosphorus-nitrogen bond in acyclic and cyclic phosphoramidatesTomasz Modro A. and Douglas H. GrahamCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 9, 1923–1925Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00322a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00322a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Organic compounds of different extractability in total solvent extracts from soils of contrasting water repellency (2010)

Previous studies examining organic compounds that may cause water‐repellent behaviour of soils have typically focussed on analysing only the lipophilic fraction of extracted material. This study aimed to provide a more comprehensive examination by applying single‐ and sequential‐accelerated solvent extraction ( ASE ), separation and analysis by GC/MS of the total solvent extracts of three soils taken from under eucalypt vegetation with different degrees of water repellency. Water repellency increased in all the soils after extraction with DCM/MeOH (95:5), but was eliminated with iso ‐propanol/ammonia (95:5). Quantities of major lipid compound classes varied between solvents and soils. Iso ‐propanol/ammonia (95:5) solvent released saccharides, glycerol, aromatic acids and other polar organic compounds, which were more abundant in fractionated extracts from the single extraction and the third step sequential ASE extraction, than in the extracts from the DCM/MeOH ASE solvent. Dominant compounds extracted from all soils were long‐chain alkanols (>C 22 ), palmitic acid, C 29 alkane, β‐sitosterol, terpenes, terpenoids and other polar compounds. The soil with the lowest repellency lacked >C 18 fatty acids and had the lowest concentrations of alkanols (C 26, C 28 and C 30 ) and alkanes (C 29 , C 31 ), but a greater abundance of more complex polar compounds than the more repellent soils. We therefore speculate that the above compounds play an important role in determining the water repellency of the soils tested. The results suggest that one‐stage and sequential ASE extractions with iso ‐propanol/ammonia and subsequent fractionation of extracts are a useful approach in providing a comprehensive assessment of the potential compounds involved in causing soil water repellency.
Investigation of the Mercat Reaction as a Tool for the Introduction of Nitrogen Surface Functionality on Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) and Polypropylene (PP) (2001)

Mercury photosensitized chemical reaction in the presence of aqueous ammonia (NH4OH) is found to be a simple and versatile method of introducing polar surface functionalities comprising nitrogen and oxygen on polyolefins such as low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and polypropylene (PP). Thus, nitrogen and oxygen surface functionalities are introduced in a surface selective manner on LLDPE and PP to give a relatively hydrophilic surface as revealed by XPS, ATR-IR, and water contact angle analyses. XPS, water contact angle, ATR-IR, and SEM are used to characterize the modified surfaces. Preliminary investigations also reveal that surface selective functionalization of a wide variety of polymers such as PET, Teflon-AF, PTFE, and fluoroethylene−propylene copolymer (FEP) can be performed by this simple method of surface modification. Thus, it is observed that crystallinity and segmental mobility as exemplified by glass transition temperature could be important factors in polymer surface modification besides inherent reactivity based on chemical structure alone. A model of the modified surface consistent with the surface characterization data is proposed.
Purification and Properties of 7<i>β</i>-(4-Carboxybutanamido)-cephalosporanic Acid Acylase Produced by Mutants Derived from<i>Pseudomonas</i> (1981)

7β-(4-Carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid acylase (penicillin amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.11) was crystallized from cell-free extracts of a mutant derived from Pseudomonas SY-77-1. Purification of the enzyme was performed by a procedure involving ammonium sulfate fractionation and column chromatographies on DEAE-Sephadex, TEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-200. The crystalline enzyme was homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the acylase was estimated to be 1.3 × 105 by gel filtration. The enzyme was fully active at pH above 6.5 and was highly stable at a pH range of 6.0 to 8.0 and below 38°C. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and Vmax for 7β-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid were 0.16mM and 4.91 μmol/min/mg-protein, respectively. It was also indicated that this enzyme-protein occupied 2.3% of the dry-cell weight.
Booster vaccination against pertussis in Chinese children at six years of age using reduced antigen content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (<i>Boostrix</i>™) (2010)

Pertussis continues to circulate in Chinese communities and older children, adolescents and adults are sources of infection for unprotected infants. Two studies conducted in Jiangsu Province in the People's Republic of China assessed the immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of Boostrix(), a combined reduced antigen content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (dTpa) when administered as a booster dose to children 6 to 8 years of age. Immunogenicity was assessed before and one month after vaccination in a subset. Reactogenicity was assessed over a 4-day follow-up using diary cards. A total of 690 Chinese subjects were enrolled. Boostrix() was well tolerated. One month after the booster dose, 100% of dTpa recipients had seroprotective antibody concentrations against diphtheria and tetanus. The percentage of subjects with a response against pertussis antigens (using locally defined cut-offs) was 91.9% for pertussis toxoid, 98.8% for filamentous hemagglutinin, and 100% for pertactin. The exploratory analysis showed no statistically significant differences between dTpa or diphtheria-tetanus vaccine in terms of the percentage of subjects with seroprotective antibodies against diphtheria or tetanus. These studies demonstrate that Boostrix() is well tolerated and immunogenic when administered as a booster dose to 6 to 8 year old Chinese children previously immunized with a combined diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine. Introduction of dTpa into the routine Chinese immunization schedule would provide booster vaccination against pertussis without the addition of further injections into the Chinese vaccination schedule and is likely to promote improved pertussis control in older children.
Preliminary evaluation of the anticonvulsant activity of a valproic acid analog: N-(2-propylpentanoyl) urea. (1997)

Anticonvulsant activity, lethality and neurotoxicity of a valproic acid (VPA) analog, N-(2-propylpentanoyl) urea (VPU) in comparison to its parent compound were investigated in mice. Intraperitoneally administered VPU demonstrated a higher protection than VPA in both the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) tests exhibiting a median effective dose (ED50) of 66 and 57 mg/kg, respectively. VPU weakly blocked the effect of bicuculline and was ineffective in strychnine test. Furthermore, VPU was also active orally demonstrating an ED50 approximately 6 times higher than its ED50 by the intraperitoneal route. Based on the relatively high median lethal dose (LD50), 1553 mg/kg, VPU possesses a greater margin of safety (LD50/ED50) than did VPA. Unwanted (side) effects in terms of impairment of motor activity and neurotoxicity were assessed by the rotorod test, locomotor activity test as well as potentiation of barbiturate sleeping time. The median neurotoxic dose (TD50) as measured by rotorod test were 625 mg/kg for intraperitoneally given VPU. This finding results in higher protective index (PI = TD50/ED50) of VPU (PI = 9.5) than that of VPA (PI = 1.1) implying that, in therapeutic dose, VPU may produce less neurological side effects than did VPA. Superiority of VPU in terms of higher potency in parallel with minimal neurological deficit as assessed by rotorod test was evident throughout the observation period of 12 hours. Similar results on locomotor activity as well as potentiation of barbiturate sleeping time were obtained with VPU and VPA. Thus, VPU is preferably expected to exert minor degree of CNS depression. Taken altogether, our findings demonstrate greater anticovulsant activity for VPU than for VPA. In addition, this compound is also orally active and seems to offer a greater safety margin in parallel with lower unwanted effects in relation to its parent compound. As indicated by the animal data obtained, VPU is an attractive anticonvulsant candidate for further investigation.
Bayesian illumination-invariant motion detection (2002)

We describe an algorithm for change detection which is insensitive to both slow and fast temporal variations of scene illumination. Our algorithm is based on statistical decision theory by using a Bayesian approach. The goal is to detect only temporal changes which are induced by true scene changes, like motion, but not changes due to varying illumination or noise. To this end, our algorithm uses a simple illumination model which is invariant to common camera nonlinearities like gamma-nonlinearity. This is combined with a model for the influence of noise as well as an a priori model for the expected properties of the sought change masks. Key ingredients of the resulting algorithm are a suitable test statistic and an adaptive threshold mechanism. As the algorithm can be applied in a noniterative manner, it is also computationally attractive.
Correcting 3D scenes estimated from sets of multi-view images using shape-from-contours (2014)

This paper proposes enforcing the consistency with segmented contours when modelling scenes with multiple objects from multi-view images. A certain rough initialization of the 3D scene is assumed to be available and in the case of multiple objects inconsistencies are expected. In the proposed shape-from-contours approach images are segmented and back-projections of segmented contours are used for enforcing the consistency of the segmented contours with 3D objects from the scene. We provide a study for the physical requirements for detecting occlusions when reconstructing 3-D scenes with multiple objects.
Behavior Characteristics and Security in Sleep-Disturbed Infants Treated with Extinction (1992)

Measured and compared the behavior characteristics and security scores of 35 infants (6-24 months) treated with extinction for sleep disturbance with those of 13 untreated and 15 normal sleep controls. There was no evidence of detrimental effects on the treated infants whose security, emotionality/tension, and likeability scores improved. The findings are congruent with those from a previous study with preschoolers and have important implications for the prevention of later behavior problems in sleep-disturbed children.
A Survey on Model Based Approaches for 2D and 3D Visual Human Pose Recovery (2014)

Human Pose Recovery has been studied in the field of Computer Vision for the last 40 years. Several approaches have been reported, and significant improvements have been obtained in both data representation and model design. However, the problem of Human Pose Recovery in uncontrolled environments is far from being solved. In this paper, we define a general taxonomy to group model based approaches for Human Pose Recovery, which is composed of five main modules: appearance, viewpoint, spatial relations, temporal consistence, and behavior. Subsequently, a methodological comparison is performed following the proposed taxonomy, evaluating current SoA approaches in the aforementioned five group categories. As a result of this comparison, we discuss the main advantages and drawbacks of the reviewed literature.