gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-bead synthesis and binding assay of chemoselectively template-assembled multivalent neoglycopeptides (2006)

The investigation of recognition events between carbohydrates and proteins, especially the control of how spatial factors and binding avidity are correlated in, remains a great interest for glycomics. Therefore, the development of efficient methods for the rapid evaluation of new ligands such as multivalent glycoconjugates is essential for diverse diagnostic or therapeutic applications. In this paper we describe the synthesis of chemoselectively-assembled multivalent neoglycopeptides and the subsequent recognition assay on a solid support. Aminooxylated carbohydrates (betaLac-ONH(2) 4, alphaGalNAc-ONH(2) 9 and alphaMan-ONH(2) 13) have been prepared as carbohydrate-based recognition elements and assembled as clusters onto a cyclopeptidic scaffold by an oxime-based strategy in solid phase. Further binding tests between lectins and beads of resin derivatized with neoglycopeptides displaying clustered lactoses, N-acetylgalactoses and mannoses (18-20) have shown specific recognition and enhanced affinity through multivalent interactions, suggesting that the local density of carbohydrate-based ligands at the bead surface is crucial to improve the interaction of proteins of weak binding affinity. This solid phase strategy involving both molecular assembly and biological screening provides a rapid and efficient tool for various applications in glycomics.
Esterification of hydroxy compounds by fatty acid anhydrides (1964)

Partial glycerides are rapidly and completely esterified at room temperature to triglycerides by fatty acid anhydrides in the presence of perchloric acid. This esterification occurs without isomerization of the partial glyceride. As a consequence, by the use of partial glycerides of the appropriate structure, triglycerides having a specific structure can be prepared by this means. Other strong acids also catalyze esterification at room temperature, but this is accompanied by isomerization of the partial glyceride. The effect of varying the reaction conditions on the nature and extent of the reaction with partial glycerides has been determined. Alcohols also can be esterified by fatty acid anhydrides in the presence of perchloric acid.
Room-temperature electroabsorption and switching in a GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice (1989)

We report room-temperature observation of Wannier–Stark localization in a GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice. We show that large modulation can be obtained over a wide spectral range and demonstrate the operation of a self-electro-optic effect device.
Pyrazolonderivate. II. [5] Synthese von tautomeriefähigen Enaminen einiger 3‐substituierter 1‐Phenyl‐Δ<sup>2</sup>‐pyrazolinone‐(5) (1977)

Abstract Durch Kondensation von 3‐substituierten 4‐Hydroxymethylen‐1‐phenyl‐Δ 2 ‐pyrazolinonen‐(5) mit primären Aminen wurden eine beträchtliche Anzahl stabiler 4‐Aminomethylen‐Δ 2 ‐pyrazolinone‐(5) in guter Ausbeute erhalten. Die gleichen Reaktionsprodukte entstehen, wenn 4‐N, N‐Dimethylaminomethylen‐Δ 2 ‐pyrazolinone‐(5) einer Umaminierung unterworfen werden. Dagegen sind Azomethine, die sich vom 5‐Methoxy‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐pyrazol ableiten, instabil. Es bilden sich spontan die 4‐Aminomethylen‐Δ 2 ‐pyrazolinone‐(5).
Development of real time non-intrusive load monitor for shipboard fluid systems (2008)

Since the year 2000, the United States Navy has spent an average of half a billion dollars over the congressionally approved budget for shipbuilding. Additionally, most experts project that in order to meet the Chief of Naval Operation's goal of a 313 ship Navy, the annual ship building budget will have to increase by about two thirds. Exacerbating this problem is the rising cost of maintaining the current inventory of ships. The U.S. Navy has long used a requirements driven maintenance program to reduce the number of total system failures by conducting routine maintenance and inspections whether they are needed or not. In order to combat this problem the Navy will inevitably have to turn to a condition based maintenance system. The Non-Intrusive Load Monitor (NILM) is a system that can greatly enhance the ability to monitor the health of engineering systems while incurring a low acquisition cost and low technology risk. This research focuses on the development of a real time user interface for the current NILM architecture in order to provide useful system information to an operator. Additionally, this research has shown that the NILM can be used effectively and reliably, to monitor equipment health, recognize and indicate abnormal operating conditions and casualties and provide invaluable information for training operators, diagnosing problems and troubleshooting. The NILM is an inexpensive and promising platform for monitoring equipment and reducing maintenance costs.
Modulation of gene expression in multiple hematopoietic cell lineages following retroviral vector gene transfer. (1987)

Retrovirus vectors offer a simple and highly efficient method for introducing new genes into mammalian cells. Here, we have examined the efficiency of gene transfer into hematopoietic cells with retrovirus vectors carrying the neomycin (neo) resistance gene expressed from different transcriptional regulatory regions. Direct infection of mouse bone marrow cells resulted in high efficiencies of gene transfer into a variety of myeloid progenitor cells, including pluripotent, erythroid, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells with all the vectors examined. However, the progeny derived from individual pluripotent progenitor cells infected with different vectors differed markedly in the proportion of G418-resistant progenitor cells, as judged by their ability to survive selection in the drug G418. This biological assay suggests that the highest level of expression was observed when the neo gene was expressed from constructs that contained the herpes thymidine kinase promoter rather than the viral long terminal repeat or the simian virus 40 early region promoter. In contrast, neo gene expression was highest in fibroblasts infected with the vector containing the simian virus 40 early region promoter. These results show that high and sustainable levels of gene expression in hematopoietic cells can be obtained with retrovirus vectors containing appropriate transcriptional regulatory regions.
A Dinuclear Iron Complex Based on Parallel Malonate Binding Sites: Cooperative Activation of Dioxygen and Biomimetic Ligand Oxidation (2008)

Abstract A ligand that offers two parallel malonate binding sites linked by a xanthene backbone, namely, Xanthmal 2− , has been utilised to synthesise dinuclear Fe II complex [Fe 2 (Xanthmal) 2 ] ( 1 ). The reactivity of 1 in contact with O 2 was investigated at −40 °C and room temperature. After activation of O 2 through interaction with both iron centres the ligand is oxidised: at the C α position monooxygenation and peroxide formation occur, partially accompanied by CC bond cleavage to yield α‐keto ester groups. To reveal mechanistic details investigations concerning 1) peroxide decomposition, 2) the reactivity of a corresponding mononuclear complex, 3) the influence of monooxygenation of the ligand on the reactivity and 4) product formation in dependence on time were carried out. The results can be explained by postulating formation of high‐valent Fe intermediates and ligand‐to‐metal electron transfer, and the mechanistic scheme derived includes several steps that mimic the (suggested) functioning of non‐heme iron enzymes. In agreement with this proposal, ligand oxidation can also be performed catalytically. Furthermore, we show that via a competitive route [(Xanthmal) 2 Fe 2 O] ( 2 ) is formed, which is unreactive towards O 2 and thus is a dead end with respect to ligand oxidation. Both compounds 1 and 2 were fully characterised, and their properties are discussed.
A Case for Thermal-Aware Floorplanning at the Microarchitectural Level (2005)

In current day microprocessors, exponentially increasing power densities, leakage, cooling costs, and reliability concerns have resulted in temperature becoming a first class design constraint like performance and power. Hence, virtually every high performance microprocessor uses a combination of an elaborate thermal package and some form of Dynamic Thermal Management (DTM) scheme that adaptively controls its temperature. While DTM schemes exploit the important variable of power density to control temperature, this paper attempts to show that there is a significant peak temperature reduction potential in managing lateral heat spreading through floorplanning. It argues that this potential warrants consideration of the temperature-performance trade-off early in the design stage at the microarchitectural level using floorplanning. As a demonstration, it uses previously proposed wire delay model and floorplanning algorithm based on simulated annealing to present a profile-driven, thermal-aware floorplanning scheme that significantly reduces peak processor temperature with minimal performance impact that is quite competitive with DTM. 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Mannich Bases of Meldrum′s Acid and Its 5‐Substituted Derivatives. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photocycloadditions of p-quinones to ketenimines (1979)

Photo-induced cycloadditions of p-benzoquinone derivatives and 1,4-naphthoquinone to several ketenimines afforded 1 : 1 adducts. Two consecutive adducts, 2-imino-1-oxaspiro [3.5] nona-5,8-dien-7-ones and 1-aza spiro[3.5]nona-5,8-diene-2,7-diones, were obtained from these photolyses in moderate yields. Their structures, which had been postulated as intermediates in a similar reaction, were determined by physical and chemical methods. These two types of spiro-cyclohexa-2,5-dienone gave the rearranged products, 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy benzofuran-2-imines and 5-hydroxyindolin-2-ones, respectively, by Lewis-acid catalysed rearrangement.
Flow control schemes and delay/loss tradeoff in ATM networks (1988)

Performance and flow control mechanisms, which represent ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) flexibility, are discussed. To control performance, delay- and/or loss-sensitive service classes, and two mechanisms to realize these classes, are proposed. It is shown that it is possible to have better performance than with other mechanisms, such as no-class distinction or simple priority methods. It is further suggested that this performance controllability results in the provision of multiple logical services, including quasi-STM (synchronous transfer mode; compatible with circuit switching), by an ATM network. ATM flow control is based on a call-oriented resource allocation mechanism similar to circuit switching. The concepts of call/line bit rate ratio and multiplexing degree are seen to be significant for efficient use of resources. When the network handles calls with large call/line bit rate ratios, user-specified flow control parameters at the call setup phase are important for resource assignment. The definition of two types of maximum throughput of each call and its usage for resource management are proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Dissociation Constants of Some Chlorophenols (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Dissociation Constants of Some ChlorophenolsJohn W. Murray and Neil E. GordonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 1, 110–111Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01304a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01304a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Orchestrating the deployment of computations in the cloud with conductor (2012)

When organizations move computation to the cloud, they must choose from a myriad of cloud services that can be used to outsource these jobs. The impact of this choice on price and performance is unclear, even for technical users. To further complicate this choice, factors like price fluctuations due to spot markets, or the cost of recovering from faults must also be factored in. In this paper, we present Conductor, a system that frees cloud customers from the burden of deciding which services to use when deploying MapReduce computations in the cloud. With Conductor, customers only specify goals, e.g., minimizing monetary cost or completion time, and the system automatically selects the best cloud services to use, deploys the computation according to that selection, and adapts to changing conditions at deployment time. The design of Conductor includes several novel features, such as a system to manage the deployment of cloud computations across different services, and a resource abstraction layer that provides a unified interface to these services, therefore hiding their low-level differences and simplifying the planning and deployment of the computation. We implemented Conductor and integrated it with the Hadoop framework. Our evaluation using Amazon Web Services shows that Conductor can find very subtle opportunities for cost savings while meeting deadline requirements, and that Conductor incurs a modest overhead due to planning computations and the resource abstraction layer.
Context-Aware Answer Sentence Selection With Hierarchical Gated Recurrent Neural Networks (2017)

In this paper, we study the task of reading comprehension style answer sentence selection that aims to select the best sentence from a given passage to answer a question. Unlike most previous works that match the question and each candidate sentence separately, we observe that the context information among sentences in the same passage plays a vital role in this task. We propose modeling context information with hierarchical gated recurrent neural networks. Specifically, we first apply a word level recurrent neural network to model the context independent matching between the question and each candidate sentence. We then employ a sentence level recurrent neural network to incorporate the context information among all candidate sentences. Moreover, we introduce the gate mechanism to select matching information before feeding into recurrent neural networks at both word and sentence level. Experiments on the WikiQA and SQuAD datasets show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Complete genome sequence of the Q-fever pathogen<i>Coxiella</i><i>burnetii</i> (2003)

The 1,995,275-bp genome of Coxiella burnetii, Nine Mile phase I RSA493, a highly virulent zoonotic pathogen and category B bioterrorism agent, was sequenced by the random shotgun method. This bacterium is an obligate intracellular acidophile that is highly adapted for life within the eukaryotic phagolysosome. Genome analysis revealed many genes with potential roles in adhesion, invasion, intracellular trafficking, host-cell modulation, and detoxification. A previously uncharacterized 13-member family of ankyrin repeat-containing proteins is implicated in the pathogenesis of this organism. Although the lifestyle and parasitic strategies of C. burnetii resemble that of Rickettsiae and Chlamydiae, their genome architectures differ considerably in terms of presence of mobile elements, extent of genome reduction, metabolic capabilities, and transporter profiles. The presence of 83 pseudogenes displays an ongoing process of gene degradation. Unlike other obligate intracellular bacteria, 32 insertion sequences are found dispersed in the chromosome, indicating some plasticity in the C. burnetii genome. These analyses suggest that the obligate intracellular lifestyle of C. burnetii may be a relatively recent innovation.
Stable propagation of solitons with increased energy through the combined action of dispersion management and periodic saturable absorption (1997)

It is shown, through numerical simulations, that by using a combination of dispersion management and periodic saturable absorption it is possible to transmit solitonlike pulses with greatly increased energy near to the zero net dispersion wavelength. This system is shown to support the stable propagation of solitons over transoceanic distances for a wide range of input powers.
Enantioselective Synthesis of the Chromane Moiety of Vitamin E (1999)

Several new approaches for the enantioselective synthesis of the chromane moiety of vitamin E are described. Sonogashira coupling of 3a with the alkyne 4 and subsequent elimination gave 6, which was bis(hydroxylated) in 93% yield and with 85% ee. Recrystallization gave enantiopure 7a, which was hydrogenated and transformed into the vitamin E precursor 11. The bis(hydroxylation) of 18 and 21 to give 9 and 22, respectively, was less than satisfactory, proceeding with ee values of 28% and 18%. In contrast, stereoselective allylation of ketone 15 followed by removal of the protecting group or ozonolysis of the allyl moiety furnished the allyl alcohol 26 and the aldehyde 27, respectively, in almost enantiopure form, which again could be used as precursors for vitamin E. Partial hydrogenation of 5a gave the alkene 32a and that of 28 the alkene 30b, both of which show interesting atropisomerism.
A visual language-based system for extraction-transformation-loading development (2013)

Data warehouse loading and refreshment is typically performed by means of complex software processes called extraction–transformation–loading (ETL). In this paper, we propose a system based on a suite of visual languages for mastering several aspects of the ETL development process, turning it into a visual programming task. The approach can be easily generalized and applied to other data integration contexts beyond data warehouses. It introduces two new visual languages that are used to specify the ETL process, which can also be represented by means of UML activity diagrams. In particular, the first visual language supports data manipulation activities, whereas the second one provides traceability information of attributes to highlight the impact of potential transformations on integrated schemas depending on them. Once the whole ETL process has been visually specified, the designer might invoke the automatic generation of an activity diagram representing a possible orchestration of it based on its dependencies. The designer can edit such a diagram to modify the proposed orchestration provided that changes do not alter data dependencies. The final specification can be translated into code that is executable on the data sources. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach has been validated through a user study in which we have compared the effort needed to design an ETL process in our approach with respect to the one required with main visual approaches described in the literature.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited oxide characteristics on interconnect via resistance and device performance of four-transistor static random access memory with polysilicon load resistors (1999)

By varying the gas ratio during the process of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) SiOx, the composition of the oxide used as the intermetal dielectric (IMD) in the device is modified, and its impact on the integrity of the interconnect metal via hole and the stability of four-transistor (4-T) static random access memory (SRAM) with poly-Si load resistors is investigated. PECVD oxides using precursors of SiH4 and N2O under various gas ratios are adopted to manipulate the Si:O atomic ratio and other dielectric characteristics. An increase in the Si atomic percent in IMD film would induce a higher via resistance. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy of the post- etching via holes in a Si-rich IMD sample reveals a high amount of plasma-induced polymer formation around the via holes, which is perceived as the root cause of the dimensional decrease in via hole size and a corresponding increase in via resistance. As the gas ratio of SiH4/N2O increases, the IMD films become more Si rich with a higher refractive index and an a-Si-like dangling bond (⋅Si≡Si3) density. The a-Si-like dangling bonds (⋅Si≡Si3) in IMD films serve as effective trapping centers for hydrogen or moisture above the second polysilicon load resistor and hence protect them from attack by back-end process-induced mobile charges. The resistance of these poly-Si load resistors is maintained at a high level and device performance is secured. Thus, the high quality of a 4-T SRAM device with stable load resistance, could be realized, while maintaining a low interconnect metal via resistance.
A unified approach to the synthesis of fully testable sequential machines (2002)

The authors unify and extend the various approaches to synthesizing fully testable sequential circuits that can be modeled as finite state machines (FSMs). Classes of redundancies are identified, and equivalent-state redundancies are isolated as those most difficult to eliminate. It is then shown that the essential problem behind equivalent-state redundancies is the creation of valid/invalid state pairs. Techniques are presented for developing differentiating sequences for valid/invalid state pairs created by a fault, as well as techniques for retaining these sequences in the presence of that fault. The notion of fault-effect disjointness is used to investigate optimal and constrained synthesis procedures. Techniques used in this investigation include fault simulation, Boolean covering, algebraic factorization, and state assignment. Experimental results using the synthesis procedures as well as comparisons to previous approaches are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Packaging of an integrated planar power passive module for a power electronics converter: a 1 MHz case study (2002)

Planar ferromagnetic and ceramic dielectric passive component-packaging technology can provide cost-effectiveness in the production of compact, efficient, structures for use in integrated power electronic modules operating at kW power levels. This paper describes the design of an innovative integrated planar passive module for use in a power electronic converter, for the transmission of 1 kW at 1 MHz. Here, the planar inductance in the design employed high-permeability (/spl mu//sub r/spl ap//1800) commercial type 3F3 ferrite E-core material. The planar constituent dielectric incorporated ceramic substrates of modified ferroelectric barium titanate (BaTiO/sub 3/), with relative permittivity /spl epsiv//sub r//spl ap/200. As described, this passive structure had an experimental power-handling capability of 1 kW (1.7 kVA), with a power density of 132 W/in/sup 3/ (8 W/cm/sup 3/) and operating efficiency of 87%.