gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of ensiling time and inoculation on alteration of the starch-protein matrix in high-moisture corn (2011)

The fates of hydrophobic zein proteins, which encapsulate corn starch to create vitreous endosperm, have not been investigated in high-moisture corn (HMC). To assess influences of ensiling time and inoculation on zein proteins in HMC, quadruplicate samples of 2 random corn hybrids (A and B), containing 25.7 and 29.3% moisture, were ground, inoculated with (I) or without 600,000 cfu/g of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 (Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Milwaukee, WI), and ensiled for 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 d. Nutrient composition [crude protein (CP), starch, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber], fermentation (pH, lactate, and acetate), and protein degradation markers (buffer-soluble CP, isopropanol-soluble CP, and NH(3)-N) were evaluated. At 0 and 240 d, α, γ, δ, and β zein subunits were profiled using HPLC. Data were evaluated as a split-split plot using the PROC MIXED procedures of SAS. Ensiling time and inoculation decreased pH, and altered lactate and acetate contents of HMC. Lactate and acetate contents of A, AI, B, and BI at 240 d were 0.40, 0.32, 1.11, 0.73, and 0, 0.35, 0.30, and 0.87% of DM, respectively. Buffer-soluble CP in HMC increased from 1.5 to 2.0% of DM at 0 d to >4.0% of DM at 240 d. Inoculation had no effect on buffer-soluble CP but increased NH(3)-N content of HMC. Corn A contained more isopropanol-soluble CP than did corn B and peak areas for 6 α, and all γ and δ zein regions were greater for corn A. Ensiling (0 vs. 240 d) decreased all zein subunits with the exception of 2 α and 1 δ subunit. Ensiling decreased (42.2-73.2%) γ zeins, which are primarily responsible for cross-linking in the starch-protein matrix. Despite altering lactate and acetate contents, inoculation had no effect on degrading hydrophobic zein proteins in HMC. Data suggest that hydrophobic zein proteins in the starch-protein matrix of HMC are degraded by proteolytic activity over an extended ensiling time.
Selectivity via Cooperative Interactions:  Detection of Dicarboxylates in Water by a Pinwheel Chemosensor (2002)

The recognition properties of a cooperative pinwheel chemosensor for dicarboxylates are described. The sensor possesses four guanidinium recognition elements to cooperatively bind two dicarboxylates of varying size. The effect of cooperativity and the read-out mechanism contributes to favorable binding constants for dicarboxylates in water, as well as a high degree of selectivity over monocarboxylates. Appropriate methods of reporting affinity for cooperative systems are discussed.
Experience with rifabutin replacing rifampin in the treatment of tuberculosis (2011)

Our study suggests that RFB is well tolerated by patients who develop RMP-related AEs. There may be an increased risk for RFB-related AE in patients who experienced RMP-related dermatologic events.
Histidines, heart of the hydrogen ion channel from influenza A virus: Toward an understanding of conductance and proton selectivity (2006)

The heart of the H+ conductance mechanism in the homotetrameric M2 H+ channel from influenza A is a set of four histidine side chains. Here, we show that protonation of the third of these imidazoles coincides with acid activation of this transmembrane channel and that, at physiological pH, the channel is closed by two imidazole-imidazolium dimers, each sharing a low-barrier hydrogen bond. This unique construct succeeds in distributing a pair of charges over four rings and many atoms in a low dielectric environment to minimize charge repulsion. These dimers form with identical pKas of 8.2 +/- 0.2, suggesting cooperative H+ binding and clearly illustrating high H+ affinity for this channel. The protonation behavior of the histidine side chains has been characterized by using solid-state NMR spectroscopy on the M2 transmembrane domain in fully hydrated lipid bilayers where the tetrameric backbone structure is known. Furthermore, electrophysiological measurements of multichannel and single-channel experiments confirm that these protein constructs are functional.
Force microscopy of magnetization patterns in longitudinal recording media (1988)

A force microscope with a magnetic tip has been used to examine magnetization patterns in a thin-film cobalt-alloy sample similar to that used in magnetic disk recording. Longitudinal magnetic bits were written on discrete tracks with a recording head flown over the surface of the sample. After minimal sample preparation, images were obtained showing strong magnetic contrast. Model calculations for the expected image contrast were found to be in excellent qualitative agreement with experimental results. By using a constant height imaging mode, enhanced contrast for fine detail was obtained.
Low‐abundant protein extraction from complex protein sample using a novel continuous aqueous two‐phase systems device (2012)

The present work describes the application of a novel continuous aqueous two-phase system prototype for the recovery of biomolecules. The prototype is an alternative platform for protein recovery and α-amylase from soybean extracts was used as a model system. The system was selected as an example of low-abundant protein present in complex mixtures. Compared with batch systems, continuous operation in this prototype seems to increase partition coefficient with higher recovery efficiencies. Processing time is reduced at least three times in the continuous system when compared to batch mode, while hold up (volumetric quantity of the opposing phase in a determined phase sample) decreases with decreasing phases flow. Furthermore, similar partition coefficient (Kp > 4) with a higher top phase enzyme recovery (81%) is also obtained in this system probably due to better contact surface between phases, compared with that obtained in batch (79%). A continuous aqueous two-phase system process with purification factor 40-fold higher than batch experiments was achieved. These preliminary results exhibit the potential of continuous systems for the recovery of low-abundant proteins from complex mixtures. The promising performance of this prototype can raise the attention of the industry for the adoption of aqueous two-phase system processes.
Resistance to Nisin and Production of Nisin-Inactivating Enzymes by Several Bacillus Species (1967)

Surmmary The resistance to nisin was examined for the vegetative forms and the endospores of 14 strains of 9 species of the genus Bacillus. Bacilli, endospores and culture filtrates were tested for ability to inactivate nisin. Marked antinisin activity was detected in extracts of bacilli and endospores of organisms which have a lytic mechanism for rupture of the spore coat (type L); little or no activity was observed in extracts from organisms which rupture the spore coat mechanically (type M). No significant extracellular activity was detected, except after the autolysis of bacilli. When organisms were cultivated in the presence of nisin (50 Reading units/ml.; Berridge, 1949) the yield of organisms and the specific activity of the extracts was decreased; evidence to explain these observations is presented. No quantitative correlation was observed between the production of anti-nisin activity and the resistance of vegetative forms. The anti-nisin activity of cell-free extracts of bacilli of two species (Bacillus cereus and B. polymyxa) was studied further; there was evidence that the activity was probably enzymic. A preliminary study of the properties of the enzymes from these organisms was made. It was found that the anti-nisin enzymes of two strains of B. cereus differed from the lytic enzymes previously described (Strange & Dark, 1957 a, b). The anti-nisin enzymes had no effect on polymyxin, gramicidin or bactracin but inactivated subtilin. Proteolytic activity was not observed in the preparations.
Large-Cage Zeolite Structures with Multidimensional 12-Ring Channels (1997)

Zeolite type structures with large cages interconnected by multidimensional 12-ring (rings of 12 tetrahedrally coordinated atoms) channels have been synthesized; more than a dozen large-pore materials were created in three different topologies with aluminum (or gallium), cobalt (or manganese, magnesium, or zinc), and phosphorus at the tetrahedral coordination sites. Tetragonal UCSB-8 has an unusually large cage built from 64 tetrahedral atoms and connected by an orthogonal channel system with 12-ring apertures in two dimensions and 8-ring apertures in the third. Rhombohedral UCSB-10 and hexagonal UCSB-6 are structurally related to faujasite and its hexagonal polymorph, respectively, and have large cages connected by 12-ring channels in all three dimensions.
Efficient, watt-level frequency doubling and optical parametric amplification on periodically poled lithium niobate ridge waveguide (2019)

We have developed the MgO: PPLN ridge waveguide modules for efficient second harmonic generation output and optical parametrical amplification at telecom wavelength. High efficient and high damage resistance of developed MgO: PPLN waveguide modules have enabled efficient optical parametric amplification with >16dB intrinsic gain for the input signal.
Effect of hydrogen peroxide bleaching onto sulfonated jute fiber (2006)

Abstract Bleaching of raw and sulfonated jute fiber with hydrogen peroxide were carried out in an aqueous medium. To obtain the optimum condition for bleaching, the effects of hydrogen peroxide concentration, temperature, time, pH, and fiber–liquor ration were studied. Bleaching affected the whiteness and tenacity, and the optimum whiteness index (76) and tenacity (13.7 g/tex) for the bleached sulfonated jute fiber were obtained with 2.1% hydrogen peroxide at pH 11, temperature 95°C, treatment time 110 min, and fiber–liquor ratio 1 : 7. The photo‐oxidative degradation of bleached sulfonated jute fiber was characterized by UV light exposure and compared with that of bleached raw jute fiber. It has been observed that the photo‐oxidative degradation as well as loss in tenacity and yellowness of the bleached sulfonated jute fiber was 63 and 40% lower than that of bleached raw jute fiber. Bleached sulfonated jute fiber had excellent impact on color fastness with reactive dyes. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 3603–3607, 2006
The chemistry of cement and concrete (1970)

The chemistry of cement and concrete , The chemistry of cement and concrete , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Point defects in Ce-doped<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Y</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Al</mml:mi><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>12</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>crystal scintillators (2006)

Defect properties of Ce-doped and undoped ${\mathrm{Y}}_{3}{\mathrm{Al}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ (YAG) crystals were studied by Doppler broadening of positron annihilation $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays and thermoluminescence (TL) as a function of temperature $(25--300\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C})$. The positron diffusion length ${L}_{+}$ was evaluated mainly from the $S$ parameter versus positron energy. Compared with undoped YAG, Ce-doped YAG has a smaller positron diffusion length, due to its higher density of defects. ${L}_{+}$ in Ce-doped YAG decreases with increasing temperature up to $100\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$, and then increases with temperature. The TL intensity in Ce-doped YAG shows the opposite behavior to ${L}_{+}$. The results indicate that point defects probed by positrons may be responsible for the energy transfer to Ce ions and TL intensity. Possible defects detected by positrons are negatively charged or neutral defects related to impurity antisites, cation vacancies, and vacancy complexes.
Synthesis of o-Tyrosine and Related Phenolic Acids<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of o-Tyrosine and Related Phenolic Acids1KENNETH N. F. SHAW, ARMAND McMILLAN, and MARVIN D. ARMSTRONGCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1956, 21, 6, 601–604Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1956https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01112a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views411Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (501 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Disproportionation of (alkoxy)borohydrides: a boron-11 NMR study of the reaction between sodium borohydride and fluorinated alcohols and phenols. The preparation of tris(fluoroalkoxy)- and tris(fluorophenoxy)borohydrides (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisproportionation of (alkoxy)borohydrides: a boron-11 NMR study of the reaction between sodium borohydride and fluorinated alcohols and phenols. The preparation of tris(fluoroalkoxy)- and tris(fluorophenoxy)borohydridesJosh H. Golden, Cindy Schreier, Bakthan Singaram, and Stanley M. WilliamsonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 8, 1533–1535Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00034a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00034a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views612Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diverse Toll-like receptors utilize Tpl2 to activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in hemopoietic cells (2006)

Engaging mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) activate both the NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Here we establish that mitogen-activated protein 3 kinase Tpl2, levels of which are markedly reduced in nfkb1(-/-) cells, is required for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages and B cells stimulated with diverse TLR ligands. Despite rescuing TLR-dependent ERK activation in nfkb1(-/-) bone marrow-derived macrophages by using an estrogen receptor-regulated version of the mitogen-activated protein 3 kinase, c-Raf (Raf:ER), CpG or LPS induction of IL-10 was only partially restored in nfkb1(-/-) cells expressing Raf:ER, a finding consistent with NF-kappaB1 regulating IL-10 by a combination of ERK-independent and -dependent mechanisms. Collectively, our findings indicate that the Tpl2/MEK/ERK signaling module is a master regulator of ERK-dependent gene expression downstream of TLRs in different hemopoietic cells.
Factors affecting delivery of antiviral drugs to the brain (2004)

Although the CNS is in part protected from peripheral insults by the blood-brain barrier and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, a number of human viruses gain access to the brain, replicate within this organ, or sustain latent infection. The efficacy of antiviral drugs towards the cerebral viral load is often limited as both blood-brain interfaces impede their cerebral distribution. For polar compounds, the major factor restricting their entry lies in the tight junctions that occlude the paracellular pathway across these barriers. For compounds with more favourable lipid solubility properties, CNS penetration will be function of a number of physicochemical factors that include the degree of lipophilicity, size and ability to bind to protein or red blood cells, as well as other factors inherent to the vascular and choroidal systems, such as the local cerebral blood flow and the surface area available for exchange. In addition, influx and efflux transport systems, or metabolic processes active in both capillary endothelial cells and choroid plexus epithelial cells, can greatly change the bioavailability of a drug in one or several compartments of the CNS. The relative importance of these various factors with respect to the CNS delivery of the different classes of antiviral drugs is illustrated and discussed.
Binding of <i>Griffonia simplicifolia</i> 1 isolectin B4 (GS1 B4) to α‐galactose antigens (2001)

Glycoconjugates with terminal Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc sequences (alpha-galactosyl epitopes, natural xenoreactive antigens) are present on various tissues in pigs and are recognized by human anti-alphagalactosyl (alphaGal) antibodies1. Hence xenotransplantation (pig-to-human) would trigger immune reactions involving complement activation and lead to the hyperactute rejection of the graft. Xenoreactive antigens are often studied by using the lectin Griffonia simplicifolia 1 isolectin B4 (GS1 B4), which shows high affinity to galactose. We here estimate the specificity of GS1 B4 for detecting various galactosyl epitopes by measuring lectin binding to neoglycoproteins, thyroglobulin and pig skeletal muscle. Enzyme linked lectin assays confirmed that GS1 B4 was highly specific to alpha-galactosylated neoglycoproteins while the lectin did not detect a beta-galactosylated ligand. The length of the sugar chains influenced the lectin-carbohydrate interaction. A monosaccharide linked to serum albumin showed higher lectin affinity than did neoglycoproteins with di- and tri-alpha-galactosyl epitopes. When the carbohydrate was extended, as in the xenoreactive pentasaccharide (Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Glc), the carbohydrate- lectin interaction was meagre. Not only the terminal, but also the subterminal sugar affected the lectin binding because the GS1 B4 affinity to Galalpha1-3Gal was much stronger than to Galalpha1-3GalNAc. In bovine and porcine thyroglobulin most alphaGal epitopes appear to be cryptic, but are unmasked by a heat denaturation. In pig skeletal muscle there was lectin reaction not only in the muscle capillaries, but also in the connective tissue and intracellularly in muscle fibres. In Western blots of isolated proteins from pig muscle at least three bands were strongly stained after incubation with lectin.
High Power X-Band Monopulse Tracking Feed for the Lincoln Laboratory Long-Range Imaging RADAR (1978)

This paper covers the design, development, and test of a 10-GHz 10-percent bandwidth high-efficiency feed system to be used in a 120-ft Cassegrainian antenna for the M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory Long Rang Imaging RADAR. The feed is a multimode monopulse tracking feed employing a multifare horn and is capable of transmitting a power level of 800 kW at 50-percent duty. The feed will operate in both right- and left-hand circular polarization simultaneously or in both vertical and horizontal polarization simultaneously depending on the input network.
A One-DOF Freehand Haptic Device for Robotic Tele-Echography (2004)

Tele-echography may be an interesting alternative to conventional care when the medical expert is not close to the patient to be examined. In a system for tele-echography, medical expert proprioception and gesture feelings must be preserved to synchronize the ultrasound images with the motion made by the physician. It is why we develop a master-slave system for robotic tele-echography integrating force feedback. Because existing haptic devices are not fully adapted to this application--their workspace is often small and their basis is fixed--, we have developed a one-dimensional free-hand force feedback device. In this paper, we describe the design and a first evaluation of this new haptic device for robotic tele-echography.
Inhibition of β-lactamases of mycobacteria by avibactam and clavulanate (2016)

G 132 N and N 132 G had opposite effects on the inhibition of BlaC and Bla Mab , indicating that these substitutions might lead to acquisition of resistance to either of the β-lactamase inhibitors, but not to both of them.
The Black Okies (2013)

The social history of the Central Valley has been poked, prodded, dissected by generations of journalists, photographers, historians, storytellers of all stripes looking to puzzle out once and for all the poverty-choked enigma that is California's farm belt. From The Grapes of Wrath to Cesar Chavez, the bleak warm tales of William Saroyan to the harsh reality of Japanese internment, the Central Valley grows stories so tragic, deep, and humanly rich that in just 100 years or so it's claimed far more than seems its fair share in the broader American tale. Every year brings another crop of stories, but sitting in the pew that Sunday morning, the one I was hearing and seeing had somehow slipped from the net. Even I, who had grown up close by, had missed this one. Glimpsed it, but not seen it for what it really was.
Increased lung vascular permeability after arachidonic acid and hydrostatic challenge (1986)

Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites are known to be potent vasoactive substances in the pulmonary circulation, whereas their influence on lung vascular permeability is still uncertain. We investigated the effect of AA bolus injection on the capillary filtration coefficient (Kf,C) of isolated rabbit lungs, recirculatingly perfused with Krebs-Henseleit albumin (1%) buffer. Kf,C was measured using repetitive sudden venous pressure elevations (7.5 Torr) and time zero extrapolation of the slope of the weight gain curve. It ranged from 1.3 to 2.4 cm3 X s-1 X Torr-1 X g-1 X 10(-4) in control lungs. Pulmonary arterial injection of AA (100 microM; in presence of 20 microM indomethacin to suppress pulmonary arterial pressure rise) during an acute hydrostatic challenge, but not at zero venous pressure, caused a greater than 10-fold increase in Kf,C. Vascular compliance was not altered. Additional experiments, performed under zero-flow conditions to avoid any ambiguity in microvascular pressure, corroborated the severalfold increase in vascular permeability, detectable within 3 min after AA application during acute hydrostatic challenge.
Risk of Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Bilirubin Exchange Transfusion Thresholds (2015)

Only bilirubin levels well above ETT were associated with SNHL. At lower bilirubin levels, the excess risk of SNHL was low.