gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-term preservation of ischemic myocardium in the dog by hyaluronidase. (1978)

The administration of hyaluronidase is a promising intervention to protect the ischemic myocardium in man, but evidence of the extent to which it may reduce the ultimate size of an infarct is not well-defined. Hence, open chest, anesthetized dogs were randomized into 10 control dogs which received saline and eight treated dogs which received three doses of hyaluronidase (500 NF units/kg I.V.) at 15 minutes, 2 hours and 24 hours after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (CAO). Regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) assessed by the microsphere technique was measured 12 minutes after CAO. The chest was then closed and the dogs were allowed to recover. Twenty-one days after CAO, the hearts were excised, divided into 1 cm thick slices and incubated in triphenyl tetrazolium chloride. Infarct size was then determined by planimetry. The left ventricular myocardium was divided into multiple samples for RMBF analysis. In control dogs 23.2 +/- 2% of the left ventricle was infarcted, compared to only 9 +/- 2.8% (P less than 0.001) in hyaluronidase-treated dogs. RMBF in noninfarcted myocardium directly adjacent to the infarct was similar to that in the normal zone remote from the infarct in the control dogs; however, in the hyaluronidase-treated dogs, blood flow in the myocardium adjacent to the infarct was significantly reduced to 68% of normal (P less than 0.01) in the outer myocardial wall and to 86% of normal (P less than 0.02) in the inner myocardial wall, which indicates that this tissue, at least in some part, was in jeopardy, but was salvaged by hyaluronidase. Epicardial electrocardiographic data showed that three weeks after CAO, Q waves were less frequent and smaller in hyaluronidase compared to untreated dogs. Preservation of the frequency and magnitude of R waves was greater in the hyaluronidase-treated group at three weeks. We conclude that hyaluronidase resulted in long-term preservation of the ischemic myocardium.
Smart CMOS focal plane arrays: a Si CMOS detector array and sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter imaging system (1999)

This paper evaluates the potential for the real-time utilization of high frame rate image sequences using a fully parallel readout system. Multiple readout architectures for high frame rate imaging are compared. The application domain for a fully parallel readout system is identified, and the design for a fully parallel, monolithically integrated smart CMOS focal plane array is presented. This focal plane image processing chip, with an 8/spl times/8 array of Si CMOS detectors each of which have a dedicated on-chip current input first-order sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter front end, has been fabricated, and test results for uniformity and linearity are presented.
COMPARISON OF CANINE SKELETAL MUSCLE PO2, PCO2 AND pH WITH SYSTEMIC VARIABLES IN HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK (1998)

Society of Critical Care Medicine; 27th Educational and Scientific Symposium; San Antonio, Texas, USA; February 4-8, 1998: Poster Hall: Thursday, February 5, 1998 5: 45-7: 15 pm; Friday, February 6, 1998 11: 40 am-1: 00 pm; Saturday, February 7, 1998 11: 40 am-1: 00 pm: Poster Presentations: Multiple Organ System Failure
An improved medium for isolation of Streptococcus mutans (1986)

A medium based upon tryptone, yeast extract, cystine (TYC) agar and incorporating bacitracin and sucrose has been evaluated for selective isolation of Streptococcus mutans. The effect of varying the concentrations of sucrose and bacitracin on the recovery of two standard strains was investigated. Growth of S. mutans NCTC 10449 was significantly inhibited by increasing concentrations of sucrose but was not affected by bacitracin; the reverse was seen with S. sobrinus strain 6715. The best compromise between recovery of the streptococci and growth of other organisms was obtained with a final sucrose concentration of 20% and bacitracin 0.2 units/ml. In comparison with three other selective media, this medium gave the highest recovery rate of standard strains, indicating that it is superior to mitis-salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar for the recovery of S. mutans from saliva.
Real-Time Performance and Middleware for Multiprocessor and Multicore Linux Platforms (2009)

An increasing number of distributed real-time applications are running on multicore platforms. However, existing real-time middleware (e.g., Real-Time CORBA) lacks adequate support for ensuring the timing constraints of soft real-time tasks on multicore platforms, and thus is dependent on (potentially inadequate) support from the underlying operating system. This paper makes three contributions to the state of the art in real-time system software for multicore platforms. First, it offers what is to our knowledge the first experimental analysis of real-time performance of vanilla Linux primitives on multicore platforms. Second, it presents MC-ORB, the first real-time object request broker (ORB) designed to address the nuances of multiprocessor (and especially multicore) platforms with a novel core-aware middleware thread architecture and allocation service for soft real-time tasks. Third, it evaluates MC-ORB's performance on a Linux multicore testbed, the results of which demonstrate its efficiency and effectiveness.
Flat-Panel Detector—Based Volume Computed Tomography: A Novel 3D Imaging Technique to Monitor Osteolytic Bone Lesions in a Mouse Tumor Metastasis Model (2007)

Skeletal metastasis is an important cause of mortality in patients with breast cancer. Hence, animal models, in combination with various imaging techniques, are in high demand for preclinical assessment of novel therapies. We evaluated the applicability of flat-panel volume computed tomography (fpVCT) to noninvasive detection of osteolytic bone metastases that develop in severe immunodeficient mice after intracardial injection of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. A single fpVCT scan at 200-microm isotropic resolution was employed to detect osteolysis within the entire skeleton. Osteolytic lesions identified by fpVCT correlated with Faxitron X-ray analysis and were subsequently confirmed by histopathological examination. Isotropic three-dimensional image data sets obtained by fpVCT were the basis for the precise visualization of the extent of the lesion within the cortical bone and for the measurement of bone loss. Furthermore, fpVCT imaging allows continuous monitoring of growth kinetics for each metastatic site and visualization of lesions in more complex regions of the skeleton, such as the skull. Our findings suggest that fpVCT is a powerful tool that can be used to monitor the occurrence and progression of osteolytic lesions in vivo and can be further developed to monitor responses to antimetastatic therapies over the course of the disease.
DT-13 attenuates human lung cancer metastasis via regulating NMIIA activity under hypoxia condition (2016)

Cancer metastasis plays a major role in tumor deterioration. Metastatic processes are known to be regulated by hypoxic microenvironment and non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA). DT-13, a bioactive saponin monomer isolated from Ophiopogon japonicus, has been reported to inhibit various cancer metastasis, but whether NMIIA is involved in the anti-metastatic activity of DT-13 under hypoxia remains to be determined. Thus, this study aims to clarify the role of DT-13 in regulating 95D cell metastasis under hypoxic microenvironment and to further investigate whether NMIIA is involved in the anti-metastatic mechanism of DT-13. We found that DT-13 significantly inhibited 95D cells metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, hypoxia significantly inhibited the expression of NMIIA and redistributed NMIIA to the cell periphery, whereas DT-13 reversed the hypoxic effects by upregulating the expression of NMIIA. Moreover, DT-13 treatment redistributed NMIIA to the nuclear periphery and reduced the formation of F-actin in 95D cells. In addition, we found that the Raf-ERK1/2 signaling pathway is involved in regulation of NMIIA by DT-13. Collectively, these findings support NMIIA as a target of DT-13 to prevent lung cancer metastasis.
On invariance and selectivity in representation learning (2016)

We study the problem of learning from data representations that are invariant to transformations, and at the same time selective, in the sense that two points have the same representation if one is the transformation of the other. The mathematical results here sharpen some of the key claims of i-theory—a recent theory of feedforward processing in sensory cortex (Anselmi et al., 2013, Theor. Comput. Sci. and arXiv:1311.4158; Anselmi et al., 2013, Magic materials: a theory of deep hierarchical architectures for learning sensory representations. CBCL Paper; Anselmi & Poggio, 2010, Representation learning in sensory cortex: a theory. CBMM Memo No. 26).
Spatial Clustering of the Curlin Secretion Lipoprotein Requires Curli Fiber Assembly (2008)

Gram-negative bacteria assemble functional amyloid surface fibers called curli. CsgB nucleates the major curli subunit protein, CsgA, into a self-propagating amyloid fiber on the cell surface. The CsgG lipoprotein is sufficient for curlin transport across the outer membrane and is hypothesized to be the central molecule of the curli fiber secretion and assembly complex. We tested the hypothesis that the curli secretion protein, CsgG, was restricted to certain areas of the cell to promote the interaction of CsgA and CsgB during curli assembly. Here, electron microscopic analysis of curli-producing strains showed that relatively few cells in the population contacted curli fibers and that curli emanated from spatially discrete points on the cell surface. Microscopic analysis revealed that CsgG was surface exposed and spatially clustered around curli fibers. CsgG localization to the outer membrane and exposure of the surface domain were not dependent on any other csg-encoded protein, but the clustering of CsgG required the csg-encoded proteins CsgE, CsgF, CsgA, and CsgB. CsgG formed stable oligomers in all the csg mutant strains, but these oligomers were distinct from the CsgG complexes assembled in wild-type cells. Finally, we found that efficient fiber assembly was required for the spatial clustering of CsgG. These results suggest a new model where curli fiber formation is spatially coordinated with the CsgG assembly apparatus.
<title>Transient temperature measurement of amorphous silicon thin films during excimer laser annealing</title> (1999)

The excimer laser annealing of amorphous silicon thin films has been investigated via optical diagnostics. Amorphous silicon films of 50 nm thickness are used in laser annealing. To obtain the transient temperature variation in the laser annealing process, the thermal emission and near- IR optical properties are measured. The front transmissivity and reflectivity are measured to obtain the emissivity at the 1.52 micrometers wavelength of the probe IRHeNe laser. Significant undercooling of the liquid silicon is observed during the cooling stage. The emissivity is almost constants during the melting period, but increases during the melting and solidification transformations.
Cu<sub>2</sub>O Inverse Woodpile Photonic Crystals by Prism Holographic Lithography and Electrodeposition (2011)

Copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) inverse woodpile structures with a complete photonic bandgap (PBG) at 765 nm are created by using single prism holographic litho­graphy (HL) to form a polymeric template, followed by Cu2O electrodeposition and template removal. This is the first realization of an inverse woodpile structure exhibiting a complete PBG at or near the visible wavelengths. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
STUDIES ON THE SPECIFICITY OF THE CHLORAZOL FAST PINK STAINING METHOD (1970)

On reinvestigating the specificity of the Chlorazol fast pink staining method for PVP, it was newly found that not only PVP, but also eosinophile granules in the eosinophile segmented nuclear leucocytes, eosinophile mononuclear cells, and eosinophile myelocytes as well as plasma-like substances deposited in tissues were brightly stained with this method but that no other structures did.In this paper, the entity of the substance responsible for the Chlorazol fast pink stain-positive reaction is discussed.
BiCMOS components for video-rate continuous-time filters (2003)

The authors present circuit techniques that capitalize on the strengths of contemporary analog BiCMOS technologies and that show promise for the realization of high-performance video-rate continuous-time filters. BiCMOS technology offers many advantages for the design of demanding high-frequency IC filters. Integrator, transconductor, and Miller-stage designs are illustrated that exploit these advantages, as well as a biasing technique for stabilizing filter performance over temperature changes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Scaling Properties in Transistors That Use Aligned Arrays of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

Recent studies and device demonstrations indicate that horizontally aligned arrays of linearly configured single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can serve as an effective thin film semiconductor material, suitable for scalable use in high-performance transistors. This paper presents the results of systematic investigations of the dependence of device properties on channel length, to reveal the role of channel and contact resistance in the operation. The results indicate that, for the range of channel lengths and SWNT diameters studied here, source and drain contacts of Pd yield transistors with effectively Ohmic contacts that exhibit negligible dependence of their resistances on gate voltage. For devices that use Au, modulation of the resistance of the contacts represents a significant contribution to the response. Extracted values of the mobilities of the semiconducting SWNTs and the contact resistances associated with metallic and semiconducting SWNTs are consistent with previous reports on single tube test structures.
ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY OF YIELD AND HOLLOW STEM IN BROCCOLI (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> var. Italica) (1986)

Adaptability and stability of yield, harvest date and incidence of hollow stem were assessed by regression analysis for six broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) cultivars. Significant cultivar variation for yield and harvest date was found within each year. All characters exhibited significant differences among the years. Cultivar × environment interaction was significant for yield and hollow stem. Most of the cultivars exhibited only average or below average stability and only one, Green Valiant (b = 0.77) was stable and better adapted to unfavorable environments. Similarly, all cultivars but Green Comet (b = 0.10) exhibited average or below-average stability for hollow stem performance.Key words: Broccoli, stability, genotype × environment interaction, yield, hollow stem
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Wheat Starch. III. Granule Development in the Endosperm (1971)

Abstract Study of A type starch granules from immature wheat endosperm with the scanning electron microscope has led to a developmental sequence being suggested. Evidence is provided which indicates that the initial minute spherical granule becomes a “nucleus” which is progressively surrounded in the equatorial plane by a continually enlarging structure which resembles two lips with a furrow between them. When the lips have completely surrounded the “nucleus” the thickness and diameter of the granule continue to increase in such a way that the furrow becomes shallower and is present in the mature biconvex structure only as a shallow score.
Relaxation mechanisms in metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy grown Al-rich (Al,Ga)N∕GaN heterostructures (2004)

The relaxation mechanisms in metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy grown (Al,Ga)N∕GaN heterostructures are studied. The first stage of the relaxation process is a two-dimensional–three-dimensional growth transition with the formation of mesalike islands separated by V-shaped trenches. The tensile stress relief is obtained by an elastic relaxation of the islands edges. In the case of AlN∕GaN, the apexes of the V trenches reach the heterointerface and misfit dislocations are nucleated at the islands coalescence region. These dislocations are a type and glide in the basal plane to promote further relaxation. For (Al,Ga)N∕GaN with an Al concentration below 70%, the apexes of the V trenches do not reach the heterointerface, prohibiting the nucleation of misfit dislocations. For thicker layers, the next stage of the relaxation is the cracking of the films.
A note on the theory of oscillating-electrode voltmeters (1956)

It has been tacitly assumed hitherto that the theory of the oscillating-electrode voltmeter derived for direct voltages applies equally well for alternating voltages if r.m.s. values are substituted for direct values. A rigorous treatment shows that this is not the case.
Accelerating EM: An Empirical Study (2013)

Many applications require that we learn the parameters of a model from data. EM is a method used to learn the parameters of probabilistic models for which the data for some of the variables in the models is either missing or hidden. There are instances in which this method is slow to converge. Therefore, several accelerations have been proposed to improve the method. None of the proposed acceleration methods are theoretically dominant and experimental comparisons are lacking. In this paper, we present the different proposed accelerations and try to compare them experimentally. From the results of the experiments, we argue that some acceleration of EM is always possible, but that which acceleration is superior depends on properties of the problem.
Proinflammatory S100 Proteins Regulate the Accumulation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (2008)

Chronic inflammation is a complex process that promotes carcinogenesis and tumor progression; however, the mechanisms by which specific inflammatory mediators contribute to tumor growth remain unclear. We and others recently demonstrated that the inflammatory mediators IL-1beta, IL-6, and PGE(2) induce accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in tumor-bearing individuals. MDSC impair tumor immunity and thereby facilitate carcinogenesis and tumor progression by inhibiting T and NK cell activation, and by polarizing immunity toward a tumor-promoting type 2 phenotype. We now show that this population of immature myeloid cells induced by a given tumor share a common phenotype regardless of their in vivo location (bone marrow, spleen, blood, or tumor site), and that Gr1(high)CD11b(high)F4/80(-)CD80(+)IL4Ralpha(+/-)Arginase(+) MDSC are induced by the proinflammatory proteins S100A8/A9. S100A8/A9 proteins bind to carboxylated N-glycans expressed on the receptor for advanced glycation end-products and other cell surface glycoprotein receptors on MDSC, signal through the NF-kappaB pathway, and promote MDSC migration. MDSC also synthesize and secrete S100A8/A9 proteins that accumulate in the serum of tumor-bearing mice, and in vivo blocking of S100A8/A9 binding to MDSC using an anti-carboxylated glycan Ab reduces MDSC levels in blood and secondary lymphoid organs in mice with metastatic disease. Therefore, the S100 family of inflammatory mediators serves as an autocrine feedback loop that sustains accumulation of MDSC. Since S100A8/A9 activation of MDSC is through the NF-kappaB signaling pathway, drugs that target this pathway may reduce MDSC levels and be useful therapeutic agents in conjunction with active immunotherapy in cancer patients.
Effects of Tissue Plasminogen Activator on Glaucoma Filter Blebs in Rabbits (1989)

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a zymogen associated with fibrinolysis, was used in an attempt to prevent scarring and the consequent loss of glaucoma filtration blebs. Bilateral trephine filter procedures were performed in 10 new Zealand white rabbits. In a randomized, masked fashion, one eye received intracameral tPA (25 micrograms), and the fellow placebo, immediately following surgery. One week after surgery, outflow facility in the tPA-treated eyes was significantly greater than that in the control (P less than 0.01). Two weeks after surgery, the outflow facility returned to preoperative levels in all eyes. Eyes receiving tPA had larger blebs than the controls. No increase in postoperative complications, such as hemorrhage or wound leak, was attributable to tPA use. The results suggest that tPA interferes with the wound healing process after surgery and may promote glaucoma filter bleb formation.
A pilot study of the nocturnal respiration rates in COPD patients in the home environment using a non-contact biomotion sensor (2014)

Nocturnal respiration rate parameters were collected from 20 COPD subjects over an 8 week period, to determine if changes in respiration rate were associated with exacerbations of COPD. These subjects were primarily GOLD Class 2 to 4, and had been recently discharged from hospital following a recent exacerbation. The respiration rates were collected using a non-contact radio-frequency biomotion sensor which senses respiratory effort and body movement using a short-range radio-frequency sensor. An adaptive notch filter was applied to the measured signal to determine respiratory rate over rolling 15 s segments. The accuracy of the algorithm was initially verified using ten manually-scored 15 min segments of respiration extracted from overnight polysomnograms. The calculated respiration rates were within 1 breath min(-1) for >98% of the estimates. For the 20 subjects monitored, 11 experienced one or more subsequent exacerbation of COPD (ECOPD) events during the 8 week monitoring period (19 events total). Analysis of the data revealed a significant increase in nocturnal respiration rate (e.g. >2 breath min(-1)) prior to many ECOPD events. Using a simple classifier of a change of 1 breath min(-1) in the mode of the nocturnal respiration rate, a predictive rule showed a sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 85% for predicting an exacerbation within a 5 d window. We conclude that it is possible to collect respiration rates reliably in the home environment, and that the respiration rate may be a potential indicator of change in clinical status.
A survey, classification and analysis of perceptual concepts and their application for the effective visualisation of complex information (2004)

Information visualisation has become increasingly important in science, engineering and commerce as a tool to convey and explore complex sets of information. This paper introduces a visualisation schema which uses visual attributes as the principle components of a visualisation. We present a new classification of visual attributes according to information accuracy, information dimension and spatial requirements and obtain values for the information content and information density of each attribute. The classification applies only to the perception of quantitative information and initial results of experiments suggest that it can not be extended to other visual processing tasks such as preattentive target detection.