gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transposition of the great arteries. New technique for anatomical correction. (1978)

We describe a new technique for the correction of transposition of the great arteries by "detransposition". An aortopulmonary window is created and a patch placed over this and the coronary ostia so that the coronary arteries arisen from the new aorta. Thus, direct surgery on the coronary arteries is avoided with all the complications which may result from this in neonates and infants. A 4.2 kg infant, with transposition and ventricular septal defect, was successfully operated on using this technique. We discuss the indications for this type of operation and conclude that, until we have more experience, it should be used only in children with a left ventricular pressure at least half systemic.
-Sarcoglycan compensates for lack of  -sarcoglycan in a mouse model of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (2005)

Dystrophin and the dystrophin-associated protein (DAP) complex protect the sarcolemma against contraction-induced injury and serve as a mechanical link between the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton. Some of the functional properties of the DAP complex are mediated by its sarcoglycan (SG) subcomplex, which is composed of alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-SGs. Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type-2D (LGMD 2D) results from reduction in SG subcomplex levels caused by specific mutations in the muscle-specific alpha-SG gene. epsilon-SG is a widely expressed homolog of the muscle-specific alpha-SG, and expression of epsilon-SG may compensate for the pathologic changes in alpha-SG function. Thus, the goal of the present study was to investigate whether overexpression of epsilon-SG can compensate for dysfunction of alpha-SG. Several transgenic mouse lines that overexpress epsilon-SG in skeletal muscle were established. Overexpression of epsilon-SG in normal mice resulted in substitution of epsilon-SG for alpha-SG in the SG complex of skeletal muscle without any obvious abnormalities. To determine whether an increase in epsilon-SG expression may prevent muscular dystrophy in the context of alpha-SG-deficiency, these epsilon-SG transgenic mice were crossed with alpha-SG deficient mice. alpha-SG-deficient mice overexpressing epsilon-SG exhibited no skeletal muscle cell membrane damage or abnormal contraction. These data suggest that the overexpression of epsilon-SG may represent a therapeutic strategy for treatment of LGMD 2D.
Reactive site and mechanism of graft copolymerization onto poly(ether urethane) with ceric ion as initiator (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactive site and mechanism of graft copolymerization onto poly(ether urethane) with ceric ion as initiatorX. D. Feng, Y. H. Sun, and K. Y. QiuCite this: Macromolecules 1985, 18, 11, 2105–2109Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00153a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00153a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views137Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
gem-Dinitro Esters. IV. Pyridine-Catalyzed Esterification of β-Dinitro Alcohols<sup>1</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTgem-Dinitro Esters. IV. Pyridine-Catalyzed Esterification of β-Dinitro Alcohols1L. W. Kissinger, T. M. Benziger, H. E. Ungnade, and R. K. RohwerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 9, 2491–2494Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01044a537https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01044a537research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views256Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimizing cost and thermal performance: rapid prototyping of a high pin count cavity-up enhanced plastic ball grid array (EPBGA) package (2003)

A three-dimensional finite element model of a 420 lead (5 row perimeter) cavity-up enhanced plastic ball grid array (EPBGA) package was developed using the ANSYS/sup TM/ finite element simulation code. The developed model was utilized to perform a sensitivity analysis in order to quantify the effects of varying package and system motherboard designs. Design variables included: (1) chip size; (2) package substrate metallized plane layers; (3) motherboard metallized plane layers; (4) inner solder ball matrix and vias; (5) package aluminum heat spreader thickness; and (6) chip power dissipation. Predicted package junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (/spl theta//sub JA/) values were used in conjunction with a central composite design of experiments to develop a response surface equation which quickly predicts EPBGA package thermal performance as a function of the six design variables. The methodology described allows for rapid analysis of design options in the "dynamic" environment of prototyping, and the implementation of optimized cost effective package designs to meet required standards under multiple customer environments.
An improved time-slot assignment algorithm for TDM hierarchical switching systems (1993)

It is shown that any hierarchical switching system can be modeled by a special class of flow networks called unit networks. Using the results available for finding maximum flow through a unit network, a time-slot assignment (TSA) algorithm that runs in O(min(L,M/sup 2/)*min(N, square root M)*M/sup 2/) time is presented. This is an O(max(M/N, square root M)) improvement over the TSA algorithm proposed by M.A. Bonucelli (1989).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Battery Performance and Photocatalytic Activity of Mesoporous Anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanospheres/Graphene Composites by Template‐Free Self‐Assembly (2011)

Abstract Nanosized mesoporous anatase TiO 2 particles have important applications in high‐performance lithium ion batteries and efficient photocatalysis. In contrast to the conventional synthesis routes where various soft or hard templates are usually employed, the direct growth of uniform mesoporous anatase TiO 2 nanospheres on graphene sheets by a template‐free self‐assembly process is presented. Compared to the conventional mesoporous anatase particles consisting of polycrystalline TiO 2 , the microstructure of obtained mesoporous anatase nanospheres on graphene sheets is single‐crystal‐like. The growth mechanism, lithium ion battery performance, and photocatalytic activity of the resultant mesoporous anatase TiO 2 nanospheres/graphene composites are thoroughly investigated. In comparison to the reference TiO 2 , the composite shows substantial improvement in lithium specific capacity from 1 C to 50 C, and photocatalytic removing organic pollutant and hydrogen evolution. More strikingly, the specific capacity of the composite at the rate of 50 C is as high as 97 mA h g −1 , 6 times higher than that of the reference TiO 2 .
Dental MRI: Imaging of soft and solid components without ionizing radiation (2012)

As an alternative to X-ray based methods like cone-beam computed tomography (CT) or conventional CT, the presented results demonstrate the potential of ZTE and UTE MRI as a radiation-free imaging modality, delivering contrast of soft and solid components at the same time.
Graph Coloring Algorithms (2002)

Deterministic graph coloring algorithms of contraction and sequential type are investigated. Sequential algorithms can be extended by backtracking to relatively eectiv e algorithms for the chromatic number of a graph. Incomplete backtracking leads to new heuristics for graph coloring.
High-Energy Ions from Near-Critical Density Plasmas via Magnetic Vortex Acceleration (2010)

Ultraintense laser pulses propagating in near-critical density plasmas generate magnetic dipole vortex structures. In the region of decreasing plasma density, the vortex expands both in forward and lateral directions. The magnetic field pressure pushes electrons and ions to form a density jump along the vortex axis and induces a longitudinal electric field. This structure moves together with the expanding dipole vortex. The background ions located ahead of the electric field are accelerated to high energies. The energy scaling of ions generated by this magnetic vortex acceleration mechanism is derived and corroborated using particle-in-cell simulations.
Beginning Visual C++ 4 (1996)

From the Publisher:
Amazon.com C++ Book of the Year 1998 What is the Subject Area?Visual C++ 6 is the latest incarnation of Microsoft's premier development product for C++ developers. 
It contains the latest version of the MFC (Microsoft Foundation Classes) which is the industry standard library for writing Windows programs. Visual C++ 6 also contains the Active Template Library 3.0 (ATL), which is a framework and collection of Wizards for writing ActiveX & COM controls. What's Great About this Book?
Out day-and-date with the new release of VC++ 6 Updated version of the #1 bestseller for VC++ 4,5 Expanded coverage of the new features of VC++ 6, both for beginners and for intermediate programmers A complete tutorial from plain C++ to OOP and Windows programming with MFC 
Who is this Book for?Wrox Beginning Guides are fast, entertaining and realistic. They cover an immense scope of material by getting straight to the point. All learning is practical and hands on, using the high bandwidth absorption of detail that only experimentation can deliver. 
This book is suitable for all people with a prior programming experience who are ambitious and want to get all the way to professional Windows programming techniques in a single step. Its pace and scope also make it ideal for programmers coming to VC++ for the first time, but who have used another, maybe older language.
Vibrating Fluid Densimeters: A Solution to the Viscosity Problem (1980)

The natural frequency of a resonator immerged in a fluid is density dependent. A major disadvantage of densimeters based on this principle is their poor accuracy for viscous fluids. We solve this difficulty by making an automatic control of the physical phase at which the resonator oscillates. This is done by a modulation technique which, additionally, gives the quality factor and, therefore, the viscosity in digital form. To discover what this physical phase should be and what the factors affecting it are, we made a detailed analytical and numerical study of the vibration of resonators in a viscous fluid. Two densimeters have been built using these results. Their density x viscosity span is 10-100 times larger than that of commercially available instruments of the wholly immersed type. This instrument has achieved an accuracy of ± 0.1 percent.
[A study of tarnish induced by Streptococcus sobrinus serotype g on Co-Cr, Ni-Cr and casting titanium alloys]. (2002)

Streptococcus sobrinus serotype g affects the color of Co-Cr, Ni-Cr and casting titanium alloys, but the color does not change from yellow-green range to red-yellow range.
Strain-Induced Spatial and Spectral Isolation of Quantum Emitters in Mono- and Bilayer WSe<sub>2</sub> (2015)

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors are intriguing hosts for quantum light sources due to their unique optoelectronic properties. Here, we report that strain gradients, either unintentionally induced or generated by substrate patterning, result in spatially and spectrally isolated quantum emitters in mono- and bilayer WSe2. By correlating localized excitons with localized strain variations, we show that the quantum emitter emission energy can be red-tuned up to a remarkable ∼170 meV. We probe the fine-structure, magneto-optics, and second-order coherence of a strained emitter. These results raise the prospect of strain-engineering quantum emitter properties and deterministically creating arrays of quantum emitters in two-dimensional semiconductors.
Stability of Lisinopril Syrup (2 mg/mL) Extemporaneously Compounded from Tablets. (2015)

The stability of lisinopril syrup (2 mg/mL) extemporaneously compounded from tablets was investigated. Zestril tablets (Lot CSC201, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, Del) were crushed, dissolved in water, filtered, and diluted with syrup NF to a final nominal concentration of 2 mg/mL. The solution was then equally divided among amber-colored prescription bottles and was stored at 5 deg C and 23 deg C. During the 30-day study period, samples were extracted by means of a water:methanol mix, and the concentration of lisinopril was determined by a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography assay procedure. Stability was also determined by pH measurements annd visual inspection for color or clarity change. Over the 30-day study period, the percentage of the inital lisinopril concentration remained between 99.42% +/- 0.19% and 95.68% +/- 1.5% for the 5 deg C samples and 98.83% +/- 0.46% and 96.48% +/- 0.62% for the 23 deg C samples.
Multi-Cloud Provisioning and Load Distribution for Three-Tier Applications (2014)

Cloud data centers are becoming the preferred deployment environment for a wide range of business applications because they provide many benefits compared to private in-house infrastructure. However, the traditional approach of using a single cloud has several limitations in terms of availability, avoiding vendor lock-in, and providing legislation-compliant services with suitable Quality of Experience (QoE) to users worldwide. One way for cloud clients to mitigate these issues is to use multiple clouds (i.e., a Multi-Cloud). In this article, we introduce an approach for deploying three-tier applications across multiple clouds in order to satisfy their key nonfunctional requirements. We propose adaptive, dynamic, and reactive resource provisioning and load distribution algorithms that heuristically optimize overall cost and response delays without violating essential legislative and regulatory requirements. Our simulation with realistic workload, network, and cloud characteristics shows that our method improves the state of the art in terms of availability, regulatory compliance, and QoE with acceptable sacrifice in cost and latency.
The three major types of <scp>CRISPR</scp>‐<scp>Cas</scp> systems function independently in <scp>CRISPR RNA</scp> biogenesis in <scp><i>S</i></scp><i>treptococcus thermophilus</i> (2014)

CRISPR-Cas systems are small RNA-based immune systems that protect prokaryotes from invaders such as viruses and plasmids. We have investigated the features and biogenesis of the CRISPR (cr)RNAs in Streptococcus thermophilus (Sth) strain DGCC7710, which possesses four different CRISPR-Cas systems including representatives from the three major types of CRISPR-Cas systems. Our results indicate that the crRNAs from each CRISPR locus are specifically processed into divergent crRNA species by Cas proteins (and non-coding RNAs) associated with the respective locus. We find that the Csm Type III-A and Cse Type I-E crRNAs are specifically processed by Cas6 and Cse3 (Cas6e), respectively, and retain an 8-nucleotide CRISPR repeat sequence tag 5' of the invader-targeting sequence. The Cse Type I-E crRNAs also retain a 21-nucleotide 3' repeat tag. The crRNAs from the two Csn Type II-A systems in Sth consist of a 5'-truncated targeting sequence and a 3' tag; however, these are distinct in size between the two. Moreover, the Csn1 (Cas9) protein associated with one Csn locus functions specifically in the production of crRNAs from that locus. Our findings indicate that multiple CRISPR-Cas systems can function independently in crRNA biogenesis within a given organism - an important consideration in engineering coexisting CRISPR-Cas pathways.
<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> Is a Genetically Tractable Model Host for <i>Mycobacterium marinum</i> (2003)

Mycobacterium marinum is a pathogenic mycobacterial species that is closely related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and causes tuberculosis-like disease in fish and frogs. We infected the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster with M. marinum. This bacterium caused a lethal infection in the fly, with a 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) of 5 CFU. Death was accompanied by widespread tissue damage. M. marinum initially proliferated inside the phagocytes of the fly; later in infection, bacteria were found both inside and outside host cells. Intracellular M. marinum blocked vacuolar acidification and failed to colocalize with dead Escherichia coli, similar to infections of mouse macrophages. M. marinum lacking the mag24 gene were less virulent, as determined both by LD(50) and by death kinetics. Finally, in contrast to all other bacteria examined, mycobacteria failed to elicit the production of antimicrobial peptides in Drosophila.We believe that this system should be a useful genetically tractable model for mycobacterial infection.
Discovery of Human Intestinal MGAT Inhibitors Using High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry (2016)

Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT) activity catalyzes the synthesis of diacylglycerol (DAG) from fatty acyl-CoA and monoacylglycerol as substrates. It is important for the resynthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the intestine. In the present study, we developed a MGAT enzymatic assay of human intestinal microsomes using a high-throughput mass spectrometry (MS)-based detection system. After screening with small-molecular-weight libraries for compounds exhibiting inhibitions against DAG and the consequent TAG syntheses, we identified multiple compounds that specifically inhibit intestinal MGAT activity. The inhibitory activities of these compounds were correlated to those determined using a recombinant human MGAT2 enzyme. An aryl-sulfonamide compound T1 showed potent inhibitory activity toward human intestinal MGAT and recombinant human MGAT2, with selectivity over MGAT3. This high-throughput MS-based assay provides a novel platform for the discovery of DAG or TAG synthesis inhibitors. The identified aryl-sulfonamide compound T1 is a promising starting compound for optimization studies of inhibitors with selectivity toward MGAT2.
Laser formed connections for integrated circuit chip personalization (1974)

The use of lasers for thermal processing of materials has been studied extensively [1,2]. Their use in integrated circuit processing has been limited mainly to material removal (resistor trimming, metal delineation, etc.) [3]. This paper describes a recently discovered process in which nanosecond dye laser pulses are used to form reliable low resistance ohmic contacts between conductors on integrated circuit chips. In particular, connections have been formed between the aluminum and diffused silicon layers of a conventional MOS structure (Fig. 1). The key to the connection process is the use of short laser pulses (2-6 ns) which are capable of redistributing materials in a microscopic region without damaging heat sensitive structures surrounding that region. This process of connecting initially isolated structures makes it possible to personalize integrated circuit chips after fabrication without the use of high voltages, high currents or decoding circuitry. Moreover the process allows isolation of propagating faults such as short circuits. The rapid turnaround time of this approach is attractive for ROS and PLA personalization [4] and makes chip repair and the interconnecting of good working parts at the chip or wafer level possible. The purpose of this paper is to describe experimental studies of these laser formed connections with an emphasis on the mechanism, reliability and reproducibility of the process.
SURFACE LOOP RESONATOR DESIGN FOR IN VIVO EPR TOOTH DOSIMETRY USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS (2010)

Finite element analysis is used to evaluate and design L-band surface loop resonators for in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tooth dosimetry. This approach appears to be practical and useful for the systematic examination and evaluation of resonator configurations to enhance the precision of dose estimates. The effects of loop positioning in the mouth are examined, and it is shown that the sensitivity to loop position along a row of molars is decreased as the loop is moved away from the teeth.
<title>Combinatorial optimization of polymeric anodes for use in organic light-emitting diodes</title> (2001)

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) represent a promising technology for flat-panel displays. Doped ?-conjugated polymer layers have been demonstrated to improve hole injection and lifetime of OLED devices. In this paper, we demonstrate that the work function of such polymers can be continuously adjusted by means of electrochemical doping. This allows to control the hole current through organic semiconducting devices. Injection-limited or bulk-limited device performance can be obtained with the identical semiconductor. We use a combinatorial approach to speed up the optimization process.
Symbolic parallelization of loop programs for massively parallel processor arrays (2013)

In this paper, we present a first solution to the unsolved problem of joint tiling and scheduling a given loop nest with uniform data dependencies symbolically. This problem arises for loop programs for which the iterations shall be optimally scheduled on a processor array of unknown size at compile-time. Still, we show that it is possible to derive parameterized latencyoptimal schedules statically by proposing two new program transformations: In the first step, the iteration space is tiled symbolically into orthotopes of parametrized extensions. The resulting tiled program is subsequently scheduled symbolically. Here, we show that the maximal number of potential optimal schedules is upper bounded by 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> n! where n is the dimension of the loop nest. However, the real number of optimal schedule candidates being much less than this. At run-time, once the size of the processor array becomes known, simple comparisons of latency-determining expressions finally steer which of these schedules will be dynamically activated and the corresponding program configuration executed on the resulting processor array so to avoid any further run-time optimization or expensive recompilations.