gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Myeloperoxidase Selectively Binds and Selectively Kills Microbes (2010)

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is reported to selectively bind to bacteria. The present study provides direct evidence of MPO binding selectivity and tests the relationship of selective binding to selective killing. The microbicidal effectiveness of H(2)O(2) and of OCl(-) was compared to that of MPO plus H(2)O(2). Synergistic microbicidal action was investigated by combining Streptococcus sanguinis, a H(2)O(2)-producing microbe showing low MPO binding, with high-MPO-binding Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa without exogenous H(2)O(2), with and without MPO, and with and without erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBCs]). Selectivity of MPO microbicidal action was conventionally measured as the MPO MIC and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) for 82 bacteria including E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and viridans streptococci. Both H(2)O(2) and OCl(-) destroyed RBCs at submicrobicidal concentrations. Nanomolar concentrations of MPO increased H(2)O(2) microbicidal action 1,000-fold. Streptococci plus MPO produced potent synergistic microbicidal action against all microbes tested, and RBCs caused only a small decrease in potency without erythrocyte damage. MPO directly killed H(2)O(2)-producing S. pyogenes but was ineffective against non-H(2)O(2)-producing E. faecalis. The MPO MICs and MBCs for E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus were significantly lower than those for E. faecalis. The streptococcal studies showed much higher MIC/MBC results, but such testing required lysed horse blood-supplemented medium, thus preventing valid comparison of these results to those for the other microbes. E. faecalis MPO binding is reportedly weak compared to binding of E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus but strong compared to binding of streptococci. Selective MPO binding results in selective killing.
Using graphical representation of user interfaces as visual references (2011)

Many user interfaces use indirect references to identify specific objects and devices. My thesis investigates using graphical representations of user interfaces (i.e. screenshots) as direct visual references to support various kinds of applications. Sikuli Script enables users to programmatically control GUIs without the support from the underlying applications. Sikuli Test lets GUI developers and testers create test scripts without coding. Deep Shot introduces a framework and interaction techniques to migrate work states across heterogeneous devices in one action, taking a picture. In addition to these pure pixel-based systems, PAX associates the pixel representation with the internal structures and metadata of the user interface. Based on these building blocks, we propose to develop a visual history system that enables users to search and browse what they have seen on their computer screens. We outline some interesting use cases and discuss the challenges in this ongoing work.
Antioxidation effect of Carya cathayensis sarg oil (2007)

Our data suggest that the approximate frequency of heterozygotes (carriers) of hereditary haemochromatosis in the Czech population is 1:10 which is comparable with data from the Central European region. The frequency of the major mutation among patients with HH was 100% (12/12), however, the difference with data from neighbouring countries (Austria, Germany) cannot be considered significant due to the small number of patients tested. We also showed the possibility of a retro-diagnosis of the presence/absence of C282Y mutation from Guthrie cards.
Portfolio diversification and value at risk under thick-tailedness (2009)

This paper focuses on the study of portfolio diversification and value at risk analysis under heavy-tailedness. We use a notion of diversification based on majorization theory that will be explained in the text. The paper shows that the stylized fact that portfolio diversification is preferable is reversed for extremely heavy-tailed risks or returns. However, the stylized facts on diversification are robust to heavy-tailedness of risks or returns as long as their distributions are moderately heavy-tailed. Extensions of the results to the case of dependence, including convolutions of α-symmetric distributions and models with common shocks are provided.
A first-in-human (FIH) dose-escalation study of the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of intravenous BAL101553, a novel microtubule inhibitor, in adult patients with advanced solid tumors. (2013)

2566 Background: BAL101553, a pro-drug of the small molecule BAL27862, is a novel microtubule targeting agent (MTA) with cytotoxic and vascular disrupting properties. Pre-clinical data showed anti-proliferative activity in several in vitro and xenograft tumour models, including tumours refractory to conventional MTAs through diverse resistance mechanisms. Primary objectives of this FIH study were determination of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Secondary objectives included the evaluation of PK, PD and anti-tumour activity. Methods: An accelerated titration dose-escalation design was used. Eligible patients (pts) with advanced solid tumours, who had failed standard therapy, received BAL101553 as a 2-h intravenous infusion on days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Adverse events (AEs) were assessed according to CTCAEv4. Disease response was assessed by RECIST 1.1 every 2 cycles. Results: 16 pts (7 male; median age 52 years; range 29-80) with solid tumours were treated at 4 dose levels (15, 30, 45 and 60 mg/m 2 ). DLTs were observed at 60 mg/m 2 and included rapidly reversible grade (G) 3 hypertension (HTN) and G3 reduced mobility/ dizziness. DLT criteria for HTN were subsequently modified. Frequent drug-related AEs were injection site reactions, nausea, vomiting (all G1-2), and G2-3 HTN (transient during the infusion; responding to nifedipine). One pt experienced G2 peripheral neuropathy at 60 mg/m 2 . PK analyses indicated conversion of BAL101553 to the active BAL27862, dose proportional exposure for both compounds and a half-life of BAL27862 in a range of 11 to 27 h. Preliminary tumour PD data comparing pre/post biopsies showed loss of CD34+ capillaries and focally decreased proliferation. A confirmed partial response was demonstrated in 1 pt with ampullary (pancreaticobiliary) cancer maintained on treatment for >16 cycles with intra-pt dose escalation. 2 pts (laryngeal and rectal cancer) demonstrated stable disease >16 weeks. Conclusions: BAL101553 is well tolerated up to 60 mg/m 2 with evidence of anti-tumour activity. Dose escalation continues to determine the MTD. Clinical trial information: NCT01397929.
Induction of targeted, heritable mutations in barley and Brassica oleracea using RNA-guided Cas9 nuclease (2015)

We demonstrate the use of RNA-guided Cas9 to generate mutations in target genes of both barley and B. oleracea and show stable transmission of these mutations thus establishing the potential for rapid characterisation of gene function in these species. In addition, the off-target effects reported offer both potential difficulties and specific opportunities to target members of multigene families in crops.
Criteria system to assess the performance of hi-tech business incubators (2014)

The establishment and development of hi-tech business incubators have been received due attention of the Party and State for many years with a view to creating favorable conditions for the formation and development of high-tech enterprises, thus contributing to fostering the commercialization of research results and the application of high technologies in production.The Law on High Technology (2008) stipulated functions, conditions and measures to promote and support the development of high-tech business incubators. The strategy for science and technology (S&T) development for 2011-2020 also set a target of establishing 30 and 60 high-tech business incubators by 2015 and 20201, respectively. So far, there have been various high-tech business incubators with more than 5 years of operation.Furthermore, many organizations and local governments are presently promoting the establishment of business incubation facilities or conducting preparatory studies to establish high-tech business incubators. In order to facilitate the efficient operation of newly established incubators and effective application of the State’s incentive policies in this respect, it is indispensable for management agencies to conduct an assessment on the actual performance of existing high-tech business incubators to understand of how it look like? To what extent the expected results have been obtained and the set objectives have been achieved so far? What are their impacts on socio-economic, scientific and technological development? Whether or not it has met the requirements of the State on the development of high-tech business incubation? This assessment exercise is to not only show the achievements, but also identify causes of success and possible constraints.The purpose of this paper is to create an analytical framework (approach) with scientific and practical basis, and from there to propose a set of criteria to assess the performance of high-tech business incubators.Code: 14042901
Relating Baseball Seam Height to Carry Distance (2015)

Abstract Past work has shown large variation in the drag of baseballs. Little is known concerning the causes of variation in ball drag. Ball diameter, weight, seam height, surface roughness, and shape influence lift and drag, and therefore carry distance. The aim of this work was to quantify the effect of seam height and roundness on ball lift and drag, which, to our understanding, has never been done outside of a wind tunnel. A bespoke, non-contact, ball surface profiler, was used to measure ball radius, including seam height. The profiles were analyzed to describe ball roundness and seam height separately. Balls with three different seam heights were projected in an enclosed stadium 102-122 m (describing a typical fly ball). Redundant radar devices were used to measure launch angle, speed, and flight paths. High speed video was used to confirm launch angle and ball spin rate. Hit distance was verified with a physical tape measure. The ball's roundness influenced the effective height of a seam. Measurements of the non-seam area of a ball were necessary to characterize the seams of a ball. A strong correlation was observed between seam height and a ball's drag coefficient. Lift, however, was not sensitive to seam height or ball shape.
Infrared Spectrophotometry of Sulfate Ion (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared Spectrophotometry of Sulfate IonHan. Tai and A. L. UnderwoodCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 10, 1430–1433Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60130a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60130a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views249Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation of equine herpesviruses from horses with respiratory disease (1976)

Abstract Extract Although respiratory disease is common in horses in New Zealand, little is known of the viruses which are involved. In other countries the principal cause of equine respiratory disease is equine herpesvirus 1 (Studdert, 1974 Bachmann, P. A., Hartl, G., Thein, P., Bibrack, B. and Mayr, A. 1972. Occurrence and distribution of viruses possibly concerned with respiratory disease of horses in West Germany. Zentbl. vet. Med., 19B: 801–813. [Google Scholar]) and equine influenza A virus (Powell et al., 1974 Burrows, R. and Goodridge, D. 1973. “In vivo and in vitro studies of equine rhinopneumonitis virus strains”. In Proc. 3rd int. Conf. equine Infectious Diseases, Paris 1972, 306–321. Basel: Karger. [Google Scholar]; Powell, 1975 Carter, Margery E., Brookbanks, E. O. and Dickson, M. R. 1968. Demonstration of a pseudo-cowpox virus in New Zealand. N.Z. vet. J., 16: 105–108. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]). Mixedinfections of these viruses have also been reported (Jensen, 1973 Carter, Margery E. and Hunter, R. 1970. Isolation of parainfluenza type 3 virus from sheep in New Zealand. N.Z. vet. J., 18: 226–227. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]). Rhinoviruses (Plummer, 1962 Ditchfield, J., Zbitnew, A. and Macpherson, L. W. 1963. Association of myxovirus parainfluenza 3 (RE55) with upper respiratory infection of horses. Can. vet. J., 4: 175–180. [Google Scholar]; Hofer et al., 1973 Doll, E. R. and Bryans, J. T. 1963. Epizootiology of equine viral rhinopneumonitis. J. Am. vet. med. Ass., 142: 31–37. [Google Scholar]), adenoviruses (Todd, 1969 Doll, E. R., Bryans, J. T., McCollum, W. H. and Crowe, M. E. W. 1957. Isolation of a filterable agent causing arteritis of horses and abortion by mares. Its differentiation from equine abortion (influenza) virus. Cornell Vet., 47: 3–41. [PubMed] , [Google Scholar]), parainfluenza 3 virus (Ditchfield et al., 1963 Erasmus, B. J. 1970. “Equine cytomegaloviruses”. In Proc. 2nd int. Conf. equine Infectious Diseases, Paris, 1969, 46–55. Basel: Karger. [Google Scholar]) and equine arteritis virus (Doll et al., 1957 Feldman, H. A. and Wang, S. S. 1961. Sensitivity of various viruses to chloroform. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med., 106: 736–740. [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) have also been isolated from horses with upper respiratory disease, and serological evidence of reovirus infections in horses has been reported (Bachmann et al., 1972 Harden, T. J., Pascoe, R. R., Spradbrow, P. B. and Johnston, K. G. 1974a. The prevalence of antibodies to adenoviruses in horses from Queensland and New South Wales. Aust. vet. J., 50: 477–482. [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]).
Design and fabrication of tunable liquid crystal diffractive lens (2013)

A type of tunable liquid crystal diffractive lens (TLCDL) for monochromatic wave base on multiorder diffraction is proposed and demonstrated. Two TLCDLs were designed using patterned indium tin oxide and a conductive surface relief electrode, respectively. The focus tuning mechanism of the lens has been proved using multiorder diffractive structure. One TLCDL with three switchable focal lengths was fabricated using an imprinting technique, which significantly reduced fabrication complexity. Electro-optic performances of the TLCDL were studied with monochromatic illumination. High image quality with low operating voltage and fast response time has been realized.
Heterogeneity of NK1.1+ T Cells in the Bone Marrow: Divergence from the Thymus (1999)

NK1.1+ T cells in the mouse thymus and bone marrow were compared because some marrow NK1.1+ T cells have been reported to be extrathymically derived. Almost all NK1.1+ T cells in the thymus were depleted in the CD1-/-, beta2m-/-, and Jalpha281-/- mice as compared with wild-type mice. CD8+NK1.1+ T cells were not clearly detected, even in the wild-type mice. In bone marrow from the wild-type mice, CD8+NK1.1+ T cells were easily detected, about twice as numerous as CD4+NK1.1+ T cells, and were similar in number to CD4-CD8-NK1.1+ T cells. All three marrow NK1.1+ T cell subsets were reduced about 4-fold in CD1-/- mice. No reduction was observed in CD8+NK1.1+ T cells in the bone marrow of Jalpha281-/- mice, but marrow CD8+NK1.1+ T cells were markedly depleted in beta2m-/- mice. All NK1.1+ T cell subsets in the marrow of wild-type mice produced high levels of IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10. Although the numbers of marrow CD4-CD8-NK1.1+ T cells in beta2m-/- and Jalpha281-/- mice were similar to those in wild-type mice, these cells had a Th1-like pattern (high IFN-gamma, and low IL-4 and IL-10). In conclusion, the large majority of NK1.1+ T cells in the bone marrow are CD1 dependent. Marrow NK1.1+ T cells include CD8+, Valpha14-Jalpha281-, and beta2m-independent subsets that are not clearly detected in the thymus.
Data compression using encrypted text (2002)

Abstract only given. Presents an algorithm for text compression that exploits the properties of the words in a dictionary to produce an encryption of given text. The basic idea is to define a unique encryption or signature of each word in the dictionary by replacing certain characters in the words by a special character "*" and retain a few characters so that the word is still retrievable. The question is whether we can develop a better signature of the text before compression so that the compressed signature uses less storage than the original compressed text. This indeed is possible as our experimental results confirm. For any cryptic text the most frequently used character is "*" and the standard compression algorithms can effectively exploit this redundancy in an effective way. Our algorithm produces the best lossless compression rate reported to date in the literature. One basic assumption of our algorithm is that the system has access to a dictionary of words used in all the texts along with a corresponding "cryptic" dictionary. The cost of this dictionary is amortized over the compression savings for all the text files handled by the organization. If two organizations wish to exchange information using our compression algorithm, they must share a common dictionary. We used ten text files from the English text domain to test our algorithm.
Antiviral Agent from λ-infected <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 (1968)

Phagicin, which is an antiviral agent active against deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viruses such as vaccinia and herpes simplex, has been identified as a phage internal protein. It was found in infected Escherichia coli lysates, but could also be obtained by disruption of the purified infective particles after incubation with LiCl at 46 C for 15 min or by sonic treatment. After centrifugation at high speed, the antiviral activity was found in the DNA phase and could be separated by chromatography on Sephadex gels with 0.2 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) as the eluent. Phagicin present in lysates after removal of infective particles was nondialyzable and was bound to nucleic acids. It could be released during precipitation of nucleic acids by streptomycin sulfate, and in this form it could be easily dialyzed. The antiviral activity of phagicin was specific for herpes simplex and vaccinia viruses.
<u>Influence of Sodium Caseinate on the Dissolution Rate of Hydrochlorothiazide and Chlorothiazide</u> (1991)

The solubility and dissolution characteristics of drug-casein systems were investigated and their solid state properties examined. Systems of varying drug-sodium caseinate weight fraction were prepared by physical mixing and freeze drying. Enhancements in the intrinsic dissolution rates were obtained for freeze dried systems of both drugs. The relative enhancement for 50/50 systems in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 was 5 fold and 1.5 fold for chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. A 35 fold increase was observed for the chlorothiazide system in water, The release of both drugs from mechanically mixed systems in phosphate buffer approximated to a non interacting model, while release from hydrochlorothiazide systems in 0.1N HC1 showed a tendency towards matrix controlled release. Thus the magnitude of the effect is dependant on the nature of the drug, the content of carrier, the method of preparation and the dissolution medium.
Mechanical stress as a function of temperature in aluminum films (1988)

Mechanical stress in interconnection is a problem of growing importance in VLSI devices. Open circuits due to metal cracking and voiding and short circuits due to hillocks are stress-related phenomena. The origins of this stress are discussed including intrinsic stresses from the synthesis of the films and thermally induced stresses. A measurement technique based on the determination of wafer curvature with a laser scanning device is utilized to directly measure the film stress in situ as a function of temperature during thermal cycling. The changes in stress observed during thermal cycles are interpreted quantitatively and mechanisms that lead to plastic deformation and their relationship to hillocks are discussed. In the stress vs. temperature measurements, several regions have been identified including elastic and plastic behavior both under compression and tension, the yield strength, recrystallization, gain growth, hardening, and solid-state reactions. The effects of deposition conditions on these regions are also examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparative pathogenicity of different Actinobacillus suis O/K serotypes. (2000)

The pathogenicity of Actinobacillus suis serotypes O1/K1 (strain SO4), O1/K2 (strain C84), and O2/K2 (strain H91-0380) was evaluated in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) piglets challenged by intraperitoneal inoculation with approximately 1 x 10(7) colony-forming units per mL. All 3 strains produced peritonitis, but differences were observed in the composite histopathologic scores (P = 0.001) and in their ability to spread (P = 0.008) at 7 h post challenge. The O2/K2 strain caused the most severe peritonitis and disseminated most widely to other tissues. Moderate lesions were seen with the O1/K2 strain while the O1/K1 strain caused mild lesions and remained largely localized to the peritoneum. In an attempt to explain the basis of observed differences, the serum sensitivity of 9 A. suis strains with different O and K types was assessed. Regardless of the O/K type, all of the isolates tested were serum resistant. Moreover, most A. suis isolates grew as well or better in complement-replete sera as they did in complement-depleted sera. These observations indicate that although 02 and K2 strains had a greater propensity to cause a disseminating septic inflammatory response in pigs, they were no more resistant to complement-mediated killing than O1 strains.
Digital beam attenuator technique for compensated chest radiography. (1986)

The feasibility of producing patient-specific beam attenuators for chest radiography has been investigated using an anthropomorphic phantom and a human volunteer. A low-dose test exposure is digitized, processed, and used to print a small cerium filter, which is placed in the x-ray beam near the collimator. The final radiograph is recorded on film. The technique results in relatively uniform film exposure, so that structures in all regions of the chest are simultaneously displayed with optimal film contrast. The equalized exposure improves image quality in the normally underpenetrated regions and reduces the role of cross-scatter from the lungs. The image is analogous to optical or computer-processed unsharp masking techniques, but the processing is accomplished in the x-ray beam and results in an improved exposure distribution, giving advantages that cannot be achieved with image processing techniques alone.