gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathological Reacting To Meteorological Changes as a Risk-Factor of Cardio-Vascular Pathology in the North (2013)

Background Cardio-vascular pathology is widespread in the North. It is more severe and hard than in moderate latitudes. There are little data available describing reactions of cardio-vascular system to changes of climatic, meteorological and helio-geophysical factors and their role in the development of the disease. The purpose of our study was to study the role of pathological reacting to climate and meteorological changes in development of cardio-vascular pathology in the North. Methods Clinical and physiological material of 1720 persons including 980 patients with cardio-vascular pathology (arterial hypertension I, II and coronary artery disease, stable angina pectoris) was studied. The complex of clinico-physiological, electrocardiographic and computer-analytical methods, including the original computer program “Screenmed” (registration by RosPatent №970035 from 29.01.1997) was used. The program includes a questionnaire for obtaining information about reacting of an organism to changes of climate, meteorological and helio-geophysical factors. The information of climate-meteorological and helio-geophysical factors was obtained from geophysical stations. Results The study indicates that most of patients with cardio-vascular pathology have high level of pathological meteosensitivity. The patients with arterial hypertension associated with coronary artery disease are most meteosensitive. A degree of pathological reacting to meteorological and geophysical factors determines an increase in complaints, clinical signs of a disease and electrocardiographic changes. Conclusion The study revealed significant association between pathological reacting to meteorological and helio-geophysical changes and the level of cardio-vascular disturbances. It has been found that pathological reacting of human organism to changes of climatic, helio-geophysical, meteorological and other biospheric factors of the environment is an important link in pathogenic mechanism of cardio-vascular pathology in the extreme conditions of the North.
Overview of cell death signaling pathways (2005)

Apoptosis plays an important role in development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Intensive efforts have been made to explore the molecular mechanisms of the apoptotic signaling pathways including the initiation, mediation, execution and regulation of apoptosis. Caspases are central effectors of apoptosis. Cells undergo apoptosis through two major pathways, namely the extrinsic pathway (death receptor pathway) or the intrinsic pathway (the mitochondrial pathway). Finally, the contents of dead cells are packaged into apoptotic bodies, which are recognized by neighboring cells or macrophages and cleared by phagocytosis. Cellular apoptosis is tightly controlled by a complex regulatory networks including balancing pro-survival signals. De-regulation of apoptosis may lead to pathological disorders such as developmental defects, autoimmune diseases, neurodegeneration or cancer. Increasing attention is being focused on alternative signaling pathways leading to cell death including necrosis, autophagy, and mitotic catastrophe. Understanding of cell death signaling pathways is relevant to understanding cancer and to developing more effective therapeutics.
Total maxillary advancement with and without bone grafting. (1978)

Computer morphometrics was used to analyze 21 adult patients who underwent total maxillary advancement; ten had bone grafting behind the tuberosity and 11 did not. Each group was subclassified as those with idiopathic maxillary deficiency and those with cleft lip and cleft palate; all patients were treated by the same basic operative technique. The results of the study indicate that those patients who had bone grafts had optimum stability. However, individuals with maxillary deficiency who undergo minimal advancements (less than 0.5 mm) can have overcorrections at surgery and, therefore, do not require bone grafts for good stability.
Sensing tactile microvibrations with the BioTac &#x2014; Comparison with human sensitivity (2012)

The human fingertip is exquisitely sensitive to vibrations that are essential to detect slip and discriminate textures. Achieving similar functions with prosthetic and robotic hands will require tactile sensors with similar sensitivity. Many technologies have been developed to sense such vibrations, yet none have achieved the requisite sensitivity in a package that is robust enough to meet practical applications. The BioTac®, developed by the authors, uses an incompressible liquid as an acoustic conductor to convey vibrations from the skin to a wide bandwidth pressure transducer located deep in the rigid core of the mechatronic finger, where it is protected from damage. Signal conditioning electronics were designed to achieve sensitivity down to the theoretical noise floor of the transducer, making the device very sensitive to the smallest of vibrations, even sound. We demonstrate here that this device exceeds human performance in detecting sustained vibrations (capable of sensing vibrations as small as a few nanometers at ~330Hz) as well as very small transient events that arise when small particles are dropped on the finger. This overcomes the supposition that such sensitivity requires fragile sensory elements to reside near the vulnerable contact surfaces.
Type II tumour necrosis factor-α receptor (TNFR2) activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) but not mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or p38 MAPK pathways (2001)

The pleitropic actions of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) are transmitted by the type I 55 kDa TNF receptor (TNFR1) and type II 75 kDa TNF receptor (TNFR2), but the signalling mechanisms elicited by these two receptors are not fully understood. In the present study, we report for the first time subtype-specific differential kinase activation in cell models that respond to TNF by undergoing apoptotic cell death. KYM-1 human rhabdomyosarcoma cells and HeLa human cervical epithelial cells, engineered to overexpress TNFR2, displayed c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation by wild-type TNF, a TNFR1-specific TNF mutant and a TNFR2-specific mutant TNF in combination with an agonistic TNFR2-specific monoclonal antiserum. A combination of the TNFR2-specific mutant and agonistic antiserum elicited maximal endogenous or exogenous TNFR2 responsiveness. Moreover, alternative expression of a TNFR2 deletion mutant lacking its cytoplasmic domain rendered the cells unable to activate JNK activity through this receptor subtype. The profile of JNK activation by TNFR1 was more transient than that of TNFR2, with TNFR2-induced JNK activity also being more sensitive to the caspase inhibitor, benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-DL-Asp-fluoromethylketone. Conversely, only activation of the TNFR1 could stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or p38 MAPK activities in a time-dependent manner. The role of TNFR2 activation in enhanced apoptotic cell death was confirmed with agonistic monoclonal antisera in cells expressing high levels of TNFR2. Activation of TNFR2 alone elicited cell death, but full TNF-induced death required stimulation of both receptor types. These findings indicate that efficient activation of TNFR2 by soluble TNFs is achievable with co-stimulation by antisera, and that both receptors differentially modulate extracellular signal-regulated kinases contributing to the cytokine's cytotoxic response.
The Homemaker is Yours (1961)

Home economics students as a group are unaware of many of the services and activities of the Homemaker. 1962 is a big year for your magazine! This is the 40th Anniversary year of its publication.
The Effect of Early Postoperative Physical Activity on Tissue Oxygen and Wound Healing (2004)

Healing measures were not improved with increased activity levels. However, activity did not reduce PscO2or wound healing. The majority of patients adhered to additional activity and tolerated the protocol well. Increased activity was associated with earlier discharge, suggesting other recovery-related benefits.
A new method for the study of chylomicron kinetics in vivo (2000)

Our understanding of the metabolism of chylomicrons, the lipoprotein that transports dietary fat from the intestine to peripheral tissues, is incomplete. The present studies were conducted to determine whether a labeled intravenous lipid emulsion could be used to estimate chylomicron triglyceride (TG) rate of appearance (R a ) and thereby quantify the rate of intestinal fat absorption. After an overnight fast, healthy volunteers ( n = 6) sipped a 3 H-labeled drink over 6.5 h at a rate of 175 mg fat · kg −1 · h −1 . Beginning at hour 5, an HPLC-purified, 14 C-labeled lipid emulsion was infused intravenously for 90 min. During the study, plasma total and chylomicron TG concentrations increased from 100 ± 21 to 237 ± 40 mg/dl and from undetectable to steady-state levels of 35 ± 13 mg/dl, respectively. After a minor correction for VLDL contamination, tracer-determined chylomicron TG R a was 175 ± 30 mg · kg −1 · h −1 , equal to the presumed ingestion rate. In summary, a radiolabeled intravenous lipid emulsion is able to accurately estimate chylomicron TG R a and therefore can be used to measure in vivo fat absorption rates.
Nanoscale quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (2003)

We compare several approaches to the fabrication of nanoscale quantum-dot LEDs for single-photon applications, including shadow-mask and oxide-confined structures. Strong carrier localization in the dots allows us to demonstrate efficient submicrometer-sized LEDs.
CONTENTS TO VOLUME FOR 1849 (2013)

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Dynaimycins, a new complex of spiroketal 24-membered macrolides with immunosuppressive activity. I. Taxonomy of the producing organisms, fermentation and antimicrobial activity. (1991)

The dunaimycins are a new complex of spiroketal 24-membered macrolides discovered in the fermentation broth of two actinomycetes. Based on taxonomic studies these two cultures, which were isolated from soil, were identified as Streptomyces diastatochromogenes strains AB 1691Q-321 and AB 1711J-452. The dunaimycins possess both immunosuppressive and antimicrobial activity.
Multidimensional signal space partitioning using a minimal set of hyperplanes for detecting ISI-corrupted symbols (2000)

A signal space partitioning technique is presented for detecting symbols transmitted through intersymbol interference channels. The decision boundary is piecewise linear and is made up of several hyperplanes. The goal here is to minimize the number of hyperplanes for a given performance measure, namely, the minimum distance between any signal and the decision boundary, Unlike in Voronoi partitioning, individual hyperplanes are chosen to separate signal clusters rather than signal pairs. The convex regions associated with individual signals, which together form the overall decision region, generally overlap or coincide among in-class signals. The technique leads to an asymptotically optimum detector when the target distance is set at half the minimum distance associated with the maximum-likelihood sequence detector. Complexity and performance can be easily traded as the target distance is a flexible design parameter.
Toxic effects of cocaine to the cardiovascular system in conscious and anesthetized rats and rabbits: evidence for a direct effect on the myocardium. (1990)

The cardiovascular toxicity of cocaine is complex because it has local anesthetic properties, central nervous system stimulatory effects, as well as cardiac effects. Recreational use of this drug has increased recently, but the precise mechanism of sudden cardiac death induced by cocaine is not known. The primary objective of this work was to test for a direct cardiovascular toxicity of cocaine. Rats and rabbits were anesthetized, and the femoral vein and artery were cannulated for drug infusion and blood pressure monitoring. Different doses of cocaine (0.3, 1, 3, 10 mg/kg) were infused. For conscious animal experiments, the animals were allowed to recover from the anesthesia and then were subjected to cocaine. Low doses of cocaine (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) increased systolic as well as diastolic pressure in conscious rats and rabbits. In anesthetized rats and rabbits, the same dose of cocaine increased blood pressure with a decrease in heart rate. With the high doses of cocaine (3 and 10 mg/kg), all cardiac parameters were reduced in both rats and rabbits. In isolated rabbit hearts, cocaine decreased all cardiac parameters. Based on the fact that high doses of cocaine severely depressed all cardiac parameters and its effect on the isolated heart, cocaine-induced sudden cardiac death appears to be due to a primary effect on the myocardium.
A Cognitive System for Understanding Human Manipulation Actions (2014)

This paper describes the architecture of a cognitive system that interprets human manipulation actions from perceptual information (image and depth data) and that includes interacting mod-ules for perception and reasoning. Our work contributes to two core problems at the heart of action understanding: (a) the grounding of relevant information about actions in perception (the perception-action integration problem), and (b) the organization of perceptual and high-level sym-bolic information for interpreting the actions (the sequencing problem). At the high level, actions are represented with the Manipulation Action Grammar, a context-free grammar that organizes ac-tions as a sequence of sub events. Each sub event is described by the hand, movements, objects and tools involved, and the relevant information about these factors is obtained from biologically-inspired perception modules. These modules track the hands and objects, and they recognize the hand grasp, objects and actions using attention, segmentation, and feature description. Experiments on a new data set of manipulation actions show that our system extracts the relevant visual informa-tion and semantic representation. This representation could further be used by the cognitive agent for reasoning, prediction, and planning. 1.
A Method to Create and Correct Stenosis of a Coronary Artery (1966)

LABORATORY work has demonstrated that a small knife can be passed into the lumen of a coronary artery to slice longitudinally the visceral surface of that artery. This results in a "coronary-myocardial artery" which assumes approximate normal size with at least one half of the wall composed of fibrous tissue lined with intima.<sup>1-3</sup>In an attempt to relate this laboratory phenomena to clinical stenotic coronary artery disease, the following experiments were performed. <h3>Experimental Procedure</h3> Fourteen mongrel dogs were subjected to a standardized thoracotomy. In an initial procedure, a cotton 0 suture swaged on a needle was passed within the lumen of the anterior descending coronary artery for approximately 1 cm. Bleeding was controlled by previously placed epicardial purse-string sutures and the chest was closed (Fig 1). Nine of the ten animals which survived the initial operation were reoperated on between 56 and 91 days (average 76.3 days). One animal
[Pd(Cl)<sub>2</sub>{P(NC<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>)(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>11</sub>)<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub>]—A Highly Effective and Extremely Versatile Palladium‐Based Negishi Catalyst that Efficiently and Reliably Operates at Low Catalyst Loadings (2010)

[Pd(Cl)(2){P(NC(5)H(10))(C(6)H(11))(2)}(2)] (1) has been prepared in quantitative yield by reacting commercially available [Pd(cod)(Cl)(2)] (cod=cyclooctadiene) with readily prepared 1-(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)piperidine in toluene under N(2) within a few minutes at room temperature. Complex 1 has proved to be an excellent Negishi catalyst, capable of quantitatively coupling a wide variety of electronically activated, non-activated, deactivated, sterically hindered, heterocyclic, and functionalized aryl bromides with various (also heterocyclic) arylzinc reagents, typically within a few minutes at 100 °C in the presence of just 0.01 mol% of catalyst. Aryl bromides containing nitro, nitrile, ether, ester, hydroxy, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups, as well as acetals, lactones, amides, anilines, alkenes, carboxylic acids, acetic acids, and pyridines and pyrimidines, have been successfully used as coupling partners. Furthermore, electronic and steric variations are tolerated in both reaction partners. Experimental observations strongly indicate that a molecular mechanism is operative.
The effects of vacuum conditions on epitaxial Al/GaAs contacts formed by molecular-beam epitaxy (1986)

The effects of the quality of the vacuum on the epitaxy of aluminum on (100) gallium arsenide have been investigated. It was found that leaving the ion gauge running during the cooling down of the GaAs prior to the deposition of the Al and the presence of a helium cryopump both affected the nature of the epitaxy and the height of the resulting Schottky barrier. Reproducible results were only obtained with the ion gauge off and the cryopump on. The Al film was found to take up the (100) orientation irrespective of the reconstruction of the GaAs surface [c(2×8), c(4×4), or (4×6)]. The height of the Schottky barrier on n-type GaAs was 0.77±0.01 eV, and was independent of the GaAs reconstruction. The I-V characteristics were the most nearly ideal that have been reported, a plot of log{I/[1−exp(−qV/kT)]} vs V being linear over the whole voltage range from +0.5 to −1.0 V, with an ideality factor of 1.01 which can be explained solely in terms of image-force lowering. The barrier height on p-type GaAs was 0.64±0.01 eV, also irrespective of the GaAs reconstruction, so that φbn+φbp is equal to the band gap within the experimental error.
Molecular mechanisms for the recombinant soluble thrombomodulin-induced suppression of HMGB1-dependent allodynia in mice: Roles of the N-terminal domains of thrombomodulin (2018)

Background: Thrombomodulin (TM), an anticoagulant protein, is expressed in the vascular endothelium. TM consists of five domains, D1 to D5, and is capable of inactivating high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), one of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). TM's D1 adsorbs HMGB1 and thrombin binding to TM's D2 degrades HMGB1. Recombinant human soluble TM consisting of D1-D3 prepared in the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (TMα), which is used as a medicine for treatment of DIC in Japan, mimics biological activities of TM. Given evidence that TMα suppresses HMGB1-dependent hyperalgesia/allodynia in rodents, we analyzed the role of the N-terminal D1 and D2 in the anti-allodynic activity of TMα in mice.
Efficient and domain-invariant competitor mining (2012)

In any competitive business, success is based on the ability to make an item more appealing to customers than the competition. A number of questions arise in the context of this task: how do we formalize and quantify the competitiveness relationship between two items? Who are the true competitors of a given item? What are the features of an item that most affect its competitiveness? Despite the impact and relevance of this problem to many domains, only a limited amount of work has been devoted toward an effective solution. In this paper, we present a formal definition of the competitiveness between two items. We present efficient methods for evaluating competitiveness in large datasets and address the natural problem of finding the top-k competitors of a given item. Our methodology is evaluated against strong baselines via a user study and experiments on multiple datasets from different domains.
Hierarchically organized Li–Al-LDH nano-flakes: a low-temperature approach to seal porous anodic oxide on aluminum alloys (2017)

Li-LDH sealing is accounted for being highly competitive to standard hot-water sealing as referred to reduced treatment temperature and higher corrosion protection efficiency.
Blind adaptive equalization techniques using the complex multi-layer perceptron (2002)

Among the useful blind equalization algorithms, there are stochastic-gradient iterative equalization algorithms. Because these algorithms basically use a linear FIR filter except to adopt a memoryless nonlinear function of the equalizer output to generate the desired response, only linear channel distortion can be corrected well. To overcome nonlinear channel distortion two new blind equalization schemes using the structure of the complex multi-layer perceptron that can deal with signals of any constellation size are proposed. One is a modification of the constant modulus algorithm (CMA), the most widely used blind algorithm. The other is a modification of the radius-directed equalization (RDE) algorithm with multiple constant modulus that is more suitable for the node activation function having a multi-saturated output region. The experimental results show that the proposed schemes have very low MSE in the steady state and at the same time can recover the arbitrary phase rotation due to the channel when the major channel distortion is both linear and nonlinear.
Safety and immunogenicity of a combined pentavalent diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus and Haemophilus influenzae type b-tetanus conjugate vaccine in infants, compared with a whole cell pertussis pentavalent vaccine (1997)

The presently studied diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis-H. influenzae b vaccine conjugated to tetanus toxoid combination was at least as immunogenic as the diphtheria, tetanus, whole cell pertussis-H. influenzae b vaccine conjugated to tetanus toxoid combination, with a significantly better safety profile. This is of obvious importance in countries where inactivated poliovirus vaccine is part of the routine infant immunization programs.
Development of a Reverse Transcription-Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Differential Diagnosis of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus and Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus from Feces and Nasal Swabs of Infected Pigs (2000)

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a coronavirus, replicates in intestinal enterocytes and causes diarrhea in young pigs. Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), a spike (S) gene natural deletion mutant of TGEV, has a respiratory tissue tropism and causes mild or subclinical respiratory infections. Conventional antigen-based diagnostic tests fail to differentiate TGEV and PRCV, and a blocking ELISA test to serologically differentiate TGEV/PRCV-infected pigs is conducted on convalescent serum retrospectively after disease outbreaks. A reverse transcription (RT)-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers targeted to the S gene deletion region to differentiate TGEV/PRCV was developed. The specificity of the RT-nested PCR was confirmed with reference and recent field strains of TGEV/PRCV, and its sensitivity was analyzed by testing nasal and fecal samples collected from pigs at various days postinoculation (DPI) with TGEV or PRCV. Specific PCR products for TGEV/PRCV were detected only with the homologous reference or field coronaviruses and for 10-14 DPI of pigs with TGEV (feces) or PRCV (nasal samples). The RT-nested PCR assay was more sensitive than antigen-based assays on the basis of duration of virus detection in experimentally infected pigs and was directly applicable to nasal as well as fecal specimens from the field.