gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vivo and in vitro sensitivity of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm to SL-401, an interleukin-3 receptor targeted biologic agent (2014)

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm is an aggressive malignancy derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells. There is currently no accepted standard of care for treating this neoplasm, and therapeutic strategies have never been prospectively evaluated. Since blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm cells express high levels of interleukin-3 receptor α chain (IL3-Rα or CD123), antitumor effects of the interleukin-3 receptor-targeted drug SL-401 against blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxicity of SL-401 was assessed in patient-derived blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm cell lines (CAL-1 and GEN2.2) and in primary blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm cells isolated from 12 patients using flow cytometry and an in vitro cytotoxicity assay. The cytotoxic effects of SL-401 were compared to those of several relevant cytotoxic agents. SL-401 exhibited a robust cytotoxicity against blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm cells in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects of SL-401 were observed at substantially lower concentrations than those achieved in clinical trials to date. Survival of mice inoculated with a blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm cell line and treated with a single cycle of SL-401 was significantly longer than that of untreated controls (median survival, 58 versus 17 days, P<0.001). These findings indicate that blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm cells are highly sensitive to SL-401, and support further evaluation of SL-401 in patients suffering from blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm.
New Technique for Medial Canthoplasty That Incorporates Modified V-W Epicanthoplasty (2012)

Telecanthus, which is the lateral displacement of the medial canthus, can be a congenital deformity or can occur after facial trauma. Several epicanthoplasty methods have been described, but the orbitonasal angle and appropriate shape cannot be reconstructed in Asians. We solved this problem by using a dog-ear effect. This article describes a new design for epicanthoplasty and its results.
PHILLIPS CATALYSTS SYNTHESIZED OVER VARIOUS SILICA SUPPORTS: CHARACTERIZATION AND THEIR CATALYTIC EVALUATION IN ETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION (2016)

Ethylene polymerization was carried out using Phillips chromium catalyst based on silica supports such as silica aerogel, SiO2 (Grace 643), and titanium modified SiO2 (G 643), and the results were compared with other catalysts based on SiO2 (Aldrich), SBA-15(Hex), SBA-15(Sp) and MCM-41. A combination of TGA, DSC, XRD, nitrogen adsorption, SEM, ICP, FTIR and other analyses were used to characterize the materials. The results showed that the chromium was successfully introduced into silica supports. Shish-kebab polyethylene was prepared via in situ ethylene polymerization with the Cr/SiO2 (G 643) and Cr/Ti/SiO2 (G 643) catalytic systems. A comparison between different types of catalysts revealed that the polymerization activity of Cr/SiO2 (G 643) was significantly increased to 191 kg PE (g Cr)-1 h-1 due to the higher pore volume and pore diameter of Grace silica compared to the other supports. Also, the polymerization activity of the Cr/SiO2 (G 643) catalyst was significantly improved by Ti-modification.
NO/NO<sub>x</sub> removal with C<sub>2</sub> H<sub>2</sub> as additive via dielectric barrier discharges (2001)

Abstract Effective reduction and removal of NO x from gas streams by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was studied. A laboratory‐scale experimental system was designed and constructed to evaluate the removal efficiency of NO and NO x . Particularly, C 2 H 2 was added as a reducing agent in the DeNO x plasma process via DBD. Experimental results indicated that the removal efficiency of NO/NO x increased with increasing applied voltage, gas temperature, and H 2 O (g) content. As the oxygen content in the gas stream is increased, more CH i radicals will be further oxidized to CO 2 , thus reducing the removal efficiency of NO x . When sufficient C 2 H 2 was added to the DBD process, as high as 91.2% of NO and 68.2% of NO x were removed at 140°C for the gas stream containing 500 ppm NO, 1,500 ppm C 2 H 2 , 3.2% H 2 O (g) , and 5% O 2 , with N 2 as the carrier gas. In addition to N 2 and H 2 O, the major products found in this process included NO 2 , N 2 O, HNO 3 , CO 2 , CO, and HCOOH, depending on H 2 O (g) and O 2 contents of the gas stream.
Extreme sterische Hinderung: Synthese und Struktur des Tetra(<i>tert</i>‐butyl)phosphonium‐Kations — ein Fall von <i>T</i>‐Symmetrie (1980)

Abstract Ausgehend von [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 3 P konnte über eine Abfolge von Quartärisierungs‐ und Ylidierungsstufen erstmals das [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 4 P⊕‐Kation synthetisiert werden: [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 3 P → [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 3 PCH 3 ⊕ → [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 3 PCH 2 → [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 3 PCH 2 CH 3 ⊕ → [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 3 PCHCH 3 → [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 3 PCH‐(CH 3 ) 2 ⊕ → [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 3 PC(CH 3 ) 2 → [(CH 3 ) 3 C] 4 P⊕. Alle Zwischenprodukte wurden isoliert. Das Tetra( tert ‐butyl)phosphonium‐Kation wurde als Iodid und Tetrafluoroborat spektroskopisch vollständig charakterisiert. Eine Röntgenbeugungsanalyse des BF 4 ‐Salzes zeigte, daß eine kubisch‐flächen‐zentrierte Packung mit Überstruktur vorliegt (Raumgruppe F 4 3 c — T ). Das Kation besitzt die theoretisch vorhergesagte T ‐Symmetrie mit einem tert ‐Butyl‐Twist von 14°. Wegen der extremen sterischen Hinderung sind überdies die PC‐Abstände verlängert und die CCC‐Winkel verengt.
SiGe channel p-MOSFETs scaling-down (2004)

We present an in-depth experimental study of the transport in sub-100 nm Si/sub 0.85/Ge/sub 0.15/ p-MOSFETs. Using a novel capacitive method, we have extracted the effective channel length for gate lengths down to 50 nm. We show experimentally that the performance of short channel SiGe devices are limited by the low-field transport regime.
Group 14 metalloles. 1. Synthesis, organic chemistry, and physicochemical data (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGroup 14 metalloles. 1. Synthesis, organic chemistry, and physicochemical dataJacques Dubac, Andre Laporterie, and Georges ManuelCite this: Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 1, 215–263Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00099a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1418Altmetric-Citations246LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fluid fragmentation shapes rain-induced foliar disease transmission (2015)

Plant diseases represent a growing threat to the global food supply. The factors contributing to pathogen transmission from plant to plant remain poorly understood. Statistical correlations between rainfalls and plant disease outbreaks were reported; however, the detailed mechanisms linking the two were relegated to a black box. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we focus on the impact dynamics of raindrops on infected leaves, one drop at a time. We find that the deposition range of most of the pathogen-bearing droplets is constrained by a hydrodynamical condition and we quantify the effect of leaf size and compliance on such constraint. Moreover, we identify and characterize two dominant fluid fragmentation scenarios as responsible for the dispersal of most pathogen-bearing droplets emitted from infected leaves: (i) the crescent-moon ejection is driven by the direct interaction between the impacting raindrop and the contaminated sessile drop and (ii) the inertial detachment is driven by the motion imparted to the leaf by the raindrop, leading to catapult-like droplet ejections. We find that at first, decreasing leaf size or increasing compliance reduces the range of pathogen-bearing droplets and the subsequent epidemic onset efficiency. However, this conclusion only applies for the crescent moon ejection. Above a certain compliance threshold a more effective mechanism of contaminated fluid ejection, the inertial detachment, emerges. This compliance threshold is determined by the ratio between the leaf velocity and the characteristic velocity of fluid fragmentation. The inertial detachment mechanism enhances the range of deposition of the larger contaminated droplets and suggests a change in epidemic onset pattern and a more efficient potential of infection of neighbouring plants. Dimensionless parameters and scaling laws are provided to rationalize our observations. Our results link for the first time the mechanical properties of foliage with the onset dynamics of foliar epidemics through the lens of fluid fragmentation. We discuss how the reported findings can inform the design of mitigation strategies acting at the early stage of a foliar disease outbreak.
Fracarro, from the disk of Nipkow to the digital convergence (2008)

The dream of transmitting images, in addition to sounds, has been considered and studied since the distant 1880, and the best results were obtained in 1884 by a disk with a spiral pattern of holes punched through it. This was invented by a German physicist of Russian origins, Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, on 24 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> December 1883.
Two distinct mechanisms for differential positioning of gene expression borders involving the <i>Drosophila</i> gap protein giant (1998)

We have combined genetic experiments and a targeted misexpression approach to examine the role of the gap gene giant (gt) in patterning anterior regions of the Drosophila embryo. Our results suggest that gt functions in the repression of three target genes, the gap genes Krüppel (Kr) and hunchback (hb), and the pair-rule gene even-skipped (eve). The anterior border of Kr, which lies 4-5 nucleus diameters posterior to nuclei that express gt mRNA, is set by a threshold repression mechanism involving very low levels of gt protein. In contrast, gt activity is required, but not sufficient for formation of the anterior border of eve stripe 2, which lies adjacent to nuclei that express gt mRNA. We propose that gt's role in forming this border is to potentiate repressive interaction(s) mediated by other factor(s) that are also localized to anterior regions of the early embryo. Finally, gt is required for repression of zygotic hb expression in more anterior regions of the embryo. The differential responses of these target genes to gt repression are critical for the correct positioning and maintenance of segmentation stripes, and normal anterior development.
Neuroendocrine, Autonomic, and Metabolic Responses to an Orexin Antagonist, Suvorexant, in Psychiatric Patients with Insomnia. (2017)

<b>Aim:</b> The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroendocrine, autonomic, and metabolic system responses to suvorexant in psychiatric subjects with insomnia. <b>Design:</b> This prospective study was conducted in Kusatsu Hospital in Hiroshima, Japan and included 40 psychiatric inpatients treated with suvorexant from December 2014 to April 2016. <b>Methods:</b> Questionnaire of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores were checked at baseline, Week 2, and Week 4, and fasting serum levels of prolactin, insulin, cortisol, noradrenaline, white blood cell count, and average pulse rate were measured at baseline and Week 4 and Week 8 after suvorexant initiation. Sequential change of the values were compared against baseline respectively. <b>Results:</b> Subjective sleep quality scores were significantly decreased at Weeks 2 and 4, and sleep duration, habitual sleep efficacy, and global scores were significantly decreased at Week 4 from baseline. Total scores on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 significantly decreased at Week 4 from baseline. The levels of cortisol and white blood cell count were decreased, significantly at Week 8, and the levels of pulse rate were significantly decreased at Week 4 from baseline. The levels of noradrenaline decreased, although not significantly. The prolactin levels remained unchanged, and no trend was found in the insulin levels. <b>Conclusion:</b> Suvorexant treatment resulted in overall improvement in the quality of sleep and the severity of anxiety and depression. This dual orexin antagonist may be related to autonomic functions and neuroendocrine systems, especially in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in psychiatric subjects.
The cooperative activity between the carboxyl-terminal TSP1 repeats and the CUB domains of ADAMTS13 is crucial for recognition of von Willebrand factor under flow (2007)

ADAMTS13 cleaves von Willebrand factor (VWF) between Tyr(1605) and Met(1606) residues at the central A2 subunit. The amino-terminus of ADAMTS13 protease appears to be sufficient to bind and cleave VWF under static and denatured condition. However, the role of the carboxyl-terminus of ADAMTS13 in substrate recognition remains controversial. Present study demonstrates that ADAMTS13 cleaves VWF in a rotation speed- and protease concentration-dependent manner on a mini vortexer. Removal of the CUB domains (delCUB) or truncation after the spacer domain (MDTCS) significantly impairs its ability to cleave VWF under the same condition. ADAMTS13 and delCUB (but not MDTCS) bind VWF under flow with dissociation constants (K(D)) of about 50 nM and about 274 nM, respectively. The isolated CUB domains are neither sufficient to bind VWF detectably nor capable of inhibiting proteolytic cleavage of VWF by ADAMTS13 under flow. Addition of the TSP1 5-8 (T5-8CUB) or TSP1 2-8 repeats (T2-8CUB) to the CUB domains restores the binding affinity toward VWF and the inhibitory effect on cleavage of VWF by ADAMTS13 under flow. These data demonstrate directly and quantitatively that the cooperative activity between the middle carboxyl-terminal TSP1 repeats and the distal carboxyl-terminal CUB domains may be crucial for recognition and cleavage of VWF under flow.
Quantification of Muramic Acid, a Marker for Bacterial Peptidoglycan, in Dust Collected from Hospital and Home Air-Conditioning Filters using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (1994)

The development of standardized non-culture-based approaches capable of assessing microbial contarnination of airborne dust is sorely needed. Direct chemical analysis has previously been successfully used for measuring components unique to Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, dust from primary filters of hospital air-conditioning intake systems (which filter incoming outdoor and recirculated air) and dust from secondary room filters (filtering primarily indoor air) were analyzed. Dust from home air-condition-ing filters (which also filter outdoor air, with recirculation) were also analyzed. Muramic acid is an aminosugar present in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cell walls and can serve as a measure of bacterial contamination in dust. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after hydrolysis and conversion of released sugars (including muramic acid) to alditol acetates. Primary hospital filters contained 26.3 ± 10.0 ng of muramic acid/mg dust while secondary filters contained 5.3 ± 5.4 ng/mg. The level of inuramic acid in home air-conditioner dust was 31.7 ± 13.4 ng/mg. This study of dust collected from air-conditioners demonstrates the feasibility of chemical assessment of the microbial contamination of indoor air.
Investigation of capacitor voltage balancing in practical implementations of flying capacitor multilevel converters (2017)

Flying capacitor multilevel (FCML) converters are known to naturally balance the capacitor voltages through the use of phase-shifted pulse-width modulation. However, in practice, the capacitor voltages can still deviate and active balancing is often required. This work investigates the origins of the voltage imbalance in practical implementations of such converters and presents corresponding solutions. It is shown that the source impedance and the input capacitor can have a drastic impact on the flying capacitor voltages. Moreover, we also demonstrate that an FCML converter with an even number of levels has significantly better immunity to the presence of source impedance than one with an odd number of levels. It is also found that gate signal propagation delay mismatch from half-bridge gate drivers will lead to capacitor imbalance. An alternative gate drive power supply circuit is designed to address this problem. Lastly, variations of switches' on-resistance are found to have a small impact on the capacitor voltage balance.
Epigenetic regulation of androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer (2010)

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the United States, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in American men. The Androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear hormone and transcription factor, is the most therapeutically relevant target in this disease. While most efforts in the clinic are still directed at lowering levels of androgens that activate AR, resistance to androgen deprivation eventually develops, and most prostate cancer deaths are attributable to this castration-resistant form of this disease. Recent work has shed light on the importance of epigenetic events including facilitation of AR signaling by histone-modifying enzymes and also on the role that enzymes such as HDAC6 play in stabilizing AR in prostate cancer cells. Herein, we summarize recent findings on the role of epigenetic enzymes in AR signaling and highlight examples on how interdiction of critical epigenetic enzymes may attenuate AR action in prostate cancer.
Active substation design to maximize DG integration (2009)

The massive integration of distributed generation (DG) can cause voltage disturbances at the connection points. In order to maximize the penetration of DG power, the actual topology of distribution grids should change introducing active devices to control the voltage, especially in weak networks. In this paper it is analyzed the integration of DG in a weak network connected to a MV/LV substation, using different active devices connected to this substation. The studied active devices are: OLTCs, STATCOM with energy storage and dump-loads. The contribution of these active devices to increase the installed DG power in weak networks is analyzed. An operation and control strategy for the active substation is presented and the performance of this active substation is verified by temporal power flow simulations.
Growing local research in the era of Global Surgery (2017)

Equity of access to quality musculoskeletal health care is a massive challenge for orthopaedic surgeons in South Africa. Over generations we have developed an inherent capability of frugal innovations and creative ways to improve our patient care. To establish a lean research culture and seek productive collaborations in the current research environment is key to generate indigenous evidence, independent of resources and funding. This bottom-up approach can co-exist and find synergies with an external strategy which evolved from the concept of ‘Global Surgery’.
Expression and Functional Analysis of Olfactory Receptors<sup>a</sup> (1998)

The olfactory system recognizes and discriminates myriads of odorants of diverse molecular structure. This task is supposed to be accomplished by a large array of seven-transmembrane domain receptors encoded by a multigene family. Although circumstantial evidence suggests that the identified genes encode odorant receptors, unequivocal proof requires demonstration that the resulting proteins should be able to interact with odorous molecules and couple via G proteins onto second messenger cascades. This goal can be achieved by heterologous expression of receptor proteins in surrogate eucaryotic cells, although the task is complicated by the diversity of putative odorous ligands and the large size of the receptor family. Employing the baculovirus/Sf9 cell system it was found that receptor proteins can be expressed at high levels. Stimulating receptor-expressing Sf9 cells with a mixture of numerous odorous compounds elicited a significant and dose-dependent second messenger response, which was never observed in control cells. Assaying a large panel of odorous compounds, including representatives of different odor classes and compounds of different chemical classes revealed that distinct receptor subtypes respond to certain odorants but not to others. Graded responses to only a subset of odorants indicate that the heterologous expressed receptor types have a selective but relatively broad ligand specificity. The easily manipulated bacterial system was employed to produce olfactory receptor proteins in large quantities. It was solubilized from inclusion bodies and upon reconstitution in liposomes displayed specific interaction with odor ligands.
Aero-thermal radiation correction via multi-scale bias field estimation (2015)

In this paper, a multi-scale bias field estimation is proposed to carry out the aero-thermal radiation correction. The bias field is estimated at scales from coarse to fine by an alternative minimization, after which, the degraded image is restored via subtraction. In the minimization, Tiknov regularization is employed to constrain the smoothness of bias field while Total Variation (TV) is adopted to preserve the details and structures of the latent image. Besides, Split Bregman iteration is introduced to conquer the difficulty in the non-smooth problem when resolving the minimization. Compared with conventional approaches, experiments verified that the proposed method contributes to the rapidness and precision of the algorithm.
Gastrin-releasing Peptide Receptor Antagonist Effects on an Animal Model of Sepsis (2005)

We report that a selective GRP receptor antagonist attenuates the release of proinflammatory cytokines in vitro and in vivo and improves survival in "established" sepsis. These are consistent with the involvement of a new inflammatory pathway relevant to the development of sepsis.
The AMchip: a full-custom CMOS VLSI associative memory for pattern recognition (1992)

An associative memory full-custom CMOS VLSI chip (AMchip), to be used in fast trigger systems for pattern recognition, has been designed and is being tested. The AMchip is a full-custom associative memory IC developed for high energy physics. It contains about 140000 MOS transistors, has been realized in 1.5- mu m, double-metal, silicon gate CMOS technology, and is housed in a 120-pin package. The AMchip has been designed to be used with any kind of detector which provides in the output the hit coordinates. Some preliminary tests have been done on the 55 prototypes received from the ES2 (European silicon structures) foundry. The performance test, limited by the equipment used, has shown that the AMchip can work with a 20-MHz clock.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>