gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Combustion of Carbon Monoxide on Copper Oxide. Effect of Carbon Dioxide (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCatalytic Combustion of Carbon Monoxide on Copper Oxide. Effect of Carbon DioxideN. T. Thomas, L. S. Caretto, and Ken NobeCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1969, 8, 2, 282–287Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260030a022https://doi.org/10.1021/i260030a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Analysis of Mouse Liver Glycogen Content (2012)

Liver is the major site for glycogen storage. Glycogen content can be significantly altered upon disruption of glucose homeostasis in metabolic syndromes, such as diabetes. Glycogen content can be determined by an acid-hydrolysis method (Passonneau and Lauderdale, 1974). Basically, glucose, the hydrolysis product of glycogen, is converted into glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) by hexokinase in the presence of ATP. With the supply of NADP, G-6-P is further converted into 6-phosphogluconic acid by G-6-P dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), while production of NADPH can be measured spectrophotometrically. Our lab has used this method to demonstrate that liver glycogen levels are significantly elevated in diabetic Perk knockout mice (Zhang et al., 2002).
Production networks and EU enlargement: is there room for everyone in the automotive industry? (2011)

The aim of this paper is to analyse the changes that have taken place in
European production networks since the mid-nineties, when, simultaneously, a new
impetus to the EU process and its enlargement occurred. Due to its characteristics,
the automotive industry is particularly suitable for our analysis. Descriptive analysis
suggests that advances in the European integration process have led to a spatial
extension of the networks to the East rather than to a replacement of traditional
locations. This finding is supported by our econometric analysis that, estimating an
extended gravity panel data model, shows that, besides EU membership and
comparative advantages, variables such as good quality infrastructure, a minimum
threshold of development, a headquarter effect as well as other unobserved country
characteristics are key determining factors to be integrated in cross-border
production networks. Moreover, these results open the door to the implementation of
regional and industrial policies in order to strengthen these European production
networks.
α-Adducin and Angiotensin I–Converting Enzyme Polymorphisms in Essential Hypertension (2000)

This study focused on two genes that have previously been implicated in hypertension and may influence renal sodium handling, adducin, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). We compared their polymorphic frequencies and interaction in patients with essential hypertension (n=128) and individually age- and gender-matched normotensive control subjects. The alpha-adducin G460W polymorphism was genotyped by DNA amplification and restriction digestion. The ACE I/D polymorphism was assayed by a triple-primer method, with a "nested" polymerase chain reaction primer situated completely within the insertion sequence of the I: allele. The distributions of genotypes and alleles for the two polymorphisms were not significantly different between the case and control populations, and the cross-classification of cases by alpha-adducin and ACE genotype gave a distribution similar to that of control subjects. We have previously reported that the distributions of genotypes for two linked polymorphisms in the aldosterone synthase gene (one in the steroidogenic factor-1 [SF-1] binding site and the other an intronic conversion [IC]) were significantly different between this cohort of essential hypertensives and matched control subjects. The cross-classification of cases by alpha-adducin and SF-1, alpha-adducin and IC, ACE and SF-1, and ACE and IC genotype gave a distribution similar to that of control subjects. Hence, no evidence was found to suggest an association between either the alpha-adducin G460W or the ACE I/D polymorphism and hypertension in a careful case-control study. Furthermore, the alpha-adducin G460W, ACE I/D, and aldosterone synthase SF-1 and IC polymorphisms do not appear to interact in our hypertensive population.
Quadrupole time‐of‐flight versus triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometry for the determination of phosphopeptides by precursor ion scanning (2001)

An API 3000 triple-quadrupole instrument and a QSTAR Pulsar quadrupole time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer were compared for the determination of phosphopeptides by precursor ion scanning in both the positive and negative nanoelectrospray ionization modes. The limits of detection for synthetic phosphopeptides were similar (500 amol microl(-1)) for both types of instruments when monitoring precursors of -79 Da (PO(3)(-)). However, the quadrupole TOF system was approximately fivefold more sensitive (1 fmol microl(-1)) than the triple-quadrupole instrument (5 fmol microl(-1)) when monitoring precursors of 216 Da (immonium ion of phosphotyrosine). The recently introduced Q(2)-pulsing function, which enhances the transmission of fragment ions of a selected m/z window from the collision cell into the TOF part, improved the sensitivity of precursor ion scans on a quadrupole TOF instrument. The selectivity of precursor ion scans is much better on quadrupole TOF systems than on triple quadrupoles because the high resolving power of the reflectron-TOF mass analyzer permits high-accuracy fragment ion selection at no expense of sensitivity. This minimizes interferences from other peptide fragment ions (a-, b-, and y- type) of the same nominal mass but with sufficient differences in their exact masses. As a result, the characteristic immonium ion of phosphotyrosine at m/z 216.043 can be utilized for the selective detection of tyrosine phosphorylated peptides. Our data suggest that, in addition to their superior performance for peptide sequencing, quadrupole TOF instruments also offer a very viable alternative to triple quadrupoles for precursor ion scanning, thus combining high sensitivity and selectivity for both MS and MS/MS experiments in one instrument.
Analysis of guided-resonance-based polarization beam splitting in photonic crystal slabs (2008)

We present an analysis of the phase and amplitude responses of guided resonances in a photonic crystal slab. Through this analysis, we obtain the general rules and conditions under which a photonic crystal slab can be employed as a general elliptical polarization beam splitter, separating an incoming beam equally into its two orthogonal constituents, so that half the power is reflected in one polarization state, and half the power is transmitted in the other state. We show that at normal incidence a photonic crystal slab acts as a dual quarter-wave retarder in which the fast and slow axes are switched for reflection and transmission. We also analyze the case where such a structure operates at oblique incidences. As a result we show that the effective dielectric constant of the photonic crystal slab imposes the Brewster angle as a boundary, separating two ranges of angles with different mechanisms of polarization beam splitting. We show that the diattenuation can be tuned from zero to one to make the structure a circular or linear polarization beam splitter. We verify our analytical analysis through finite-difference time-domain simulations and experimental measurements at infrared wavelengths.
A transitory interface component for the in-context visualization and adjustment of a value (2009)

Some agent-based systems depend on eliciting ratings from the user. However, the user’s willingness to provide ratings is limited due to requisite demands of attention and effort. From a human-centered view, we redefine providing ratings as expressing interest. We develop a new interface component for parameter setting, the In-Context Slider, which reduces physical effort and demand on attention by using fluid mouse gestures and in-context interaction. We hypothesize that such an interface should make interest expression easier for the user. \nWe evaluated the In-Context Slider as an interest expression component compared with a more typical interface. Participants performed faster with the In-Context Slider. They found it easier to use and more natural for expressing interest. We then integrated the In-Context Slider in the agent-based system, combinFormation. We compared the In-Context Slider with combinFormation’s previous interest expression interface. Of the participants that effectively used both interfaces, most expressed more interest with the In-Context Slider. Participants’ experience reports described the In-Context Slider as easier to use while developing collections to answer open-ended information discovery questions. \nThis research is relevant for many applications in which users provide ratings, such as recommender systems, as well as for others in which values need to be adjusted on many objects that are concurrently displayed.
Heart Biometrics: Theory, Methods and Applications (2011)

Automatic and accurate identity validation is becoming increasingly critical in several aspects of our every day lives such as in financial transactions, access control, traveling, healthcare and other. Traditional strategies to automatic identity recognition include items such as PIN numbers, tokens, passwords and ID cards. Despite the wide deployment of such tactics, the authenticating means is either entity or knowledge-based which rises concerns with regard to their ease of acquisition and use from unauthorized third parties. According to the latest The US Federal Commission Report, Frebruary 2010 (n.d.), in 2009 identity theft was the number one complaint category ( a total of 721,418 cases of consumer complaints). As identity theft can take different forms, credit card fraud was the most prominent (17%), followed by falsification of government documents (16%), utilities fraud (15%), employment fraud (13%) and other. Among these cases, true-identity theft constitutes only a small portion of the complaints, while ID falsification appears to be the greatest threat. Unfortunately, the technology for forgery advances without analogous counterfeit improvements. Biometric recognition was introduced as a more secure means of identity establishment. Biometric features are characteristics of the human body that are unique for every individual and that can be used to establish his/her identity in a population. These characteristics can be either physiological or behavioral. For instance, the face, the iris and the fingerprints are physiological features of the body with identifying information. Examples of behavioral features include the keystroke dynamics, the gait and the voice. The fact that biometric features are directly linked with the users presents an extraordinary opportunity to bridge the security gaps caused by traditional recognition strategies. Biometric features are difficult to steal or counterfeit when compared to PIN numbers or passwords. In addition, the convenience by which a biometric feature can be presentedmakes the respective systemsmore accessible and easy to use. However, biometric recognition has a drawback that rises from the nature of the authenticating modality. As opposed to static PIN numbers or passwords, biometric recognition may present false rejection since usually no two readings of the same biometric feature are identical. Anatomical, psychological or even environmental factors affect the appearance of the biometric feature at a particular instance. For instance, faces may be presented to the recognizers under various expressions, different lighting settings or with 10
<title>Sputtered film thermistor IR detectors</title> (1994)

The thermistor infrared detector or bolometer is the detector of choice in many classical remote sensing applications such as horizon sensing, noncontact thermometry, and industrial applications. In recent years, the authors have developed a thin film process where the thermistor material is deposited from a target directly onto the substrate. This is an advance over the labor intensive ceramic technology, where sintered flakes of the thermistor are bonded to the substrate. The thin film technique permits a variety of device constructions and configurations. Detectors fabricated on heat-sunk ceramic substrates can withstand high operating temperatures and large incident optical power, in both pulsed and CW laser measurements. For dc or low frequency measurements, the films can be deposited onto a thermally isolated membrane with applications in motion sensing, gas detection, and temperature measurement. Utilizing advances in micromachining a 2D array of thermally isolated microbolometer sensors, integrated onto a silicon wafer containing readout circuitry may be achieved. This paper describes the construction of the sputtered film thermistor detectors, their operation, and applications.
Tunnel Propagation of Postshock Activations as a Hypothesis for Fibrillation Induction and Isoelectric Window (2008)

Comprehensive understanding of the ventricular response to shocks is the approach most likely to succeed in reducing defibrillation threshold. We propose a new theory of shock-induced arrhythmogenesis that unifies all known aspects of the response of the heart to monophasic (MS) and biphasic (BS) shocks. The central hypothesis is that submerged "tunnel" propagation of postshock activations through shock-induced intramural excitable areas underlies fibrillation induction and the existence of isoelectric window. We conducted simulations of fibrillation induction using a realistic bidomain model of rabbit ventricles. Following pacing, MS and BS of various strengths/timings were delivered. The results demonstrated that, during the isoelectric window, an activation originated deep within the ventricular wall, arising from virtual electrodes; it then propagated fully intramurally through an excitable tunnel induced by the shock, until it emerged onto the epicardium, becoming the earliest-propagated postshock activation. Differences in shock outcomes for MS and BS were found to stem from the narrower BS intramural postshock excitable area, often resulting in conduction block, and the difference in the mechanisms of origin of the postshock activations, namely intramural virtual electrode-induced phase singularity for MS and virtual electrode-induced propagated graded response for BS. This study provides a novel analysis of the 3D mechanisms underlying the origin of postshock activations in the process of fibrillation induction by MS and BS and the existence of isoelectric window. The tunnel propagation hypothesis could open a new avenue for interventions exploration to achieve significantly lower defibrillation threshold.
On-board projection of a microwave plasma upstream of a Mach 6 bow shock (2001)

High power, pulsed microwaves are beamed forward of a model in a Mach 6 flow using an on-board, Ku-band horn. A thin “precursor” plasma is generated just ahead of the bow shock in the low density free stream. Temporal and spatial analysis of the microwave E-field and plasma conductivity in the supersonic flow field indicate that the plasma reflects a large proportion of the microwave power in an individual pulse as soon as the plasma frequency exceeds the wave frequency. Possible methods for more efficient deposition of power in the free stream are discussed which could lead to increased interaction with the shock.
Profiling Targets of the Irreversible Palmitoylation Inhibitor 2-Bromopalmitate (2013)

2-Bromohexadecanoic acid, or 2-bromopalmitate, was introduced nearly 50 years ago as a nonselective inhibitor of lipid metabolism. More recently, 2-bromopalmitate re-emerged as a general inhibitor of protein S-palmitoylation. Here, we investigate the cellular targets of 2-bromopalmitate through the synthesis and application of click-enabled analogues. In cells, 2-bromopalmitate is converted to 2-bromopalmitoyl-CoA, although less efficiently than free palmitate. Once conjugated to CoA, probe reactivity is dramatically enhanced. Importantly, both 2-bromopalmitate and 2-bromopalmitoyl-CoA label DHHC palmitoyl acyl transferases (PATs), the enzymes that catalyze protein S-palmitoylation. Mass spectrometry analysis of enriched 2-bromopalmitate targets identified PAT enzymes, transporters, and many palmitoylated proteins, with no observed preference for CoA-dependent enzymes. These data question whether 2-bromopalmitate (or 2-bromopalmitoyl-CoA) blocks S-palmitoylation by inhibiting protein acyl transferases, or by blocking palmitate incorporation by direct covalent competition. Overall, these findings highlight the promiscuous reactivity of 2BP and validate clickable 2BP analogues as activity-based probes of diverse membrane associated enzymes.
Grid based fusion of off-board cameras (2006)

In this paper, we describe the perception system, based on a grid environment model, developed within the French project PUVAME. This system consists of several off-board cameras observing an intersection to detect objects (i.e. pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles). We present a generic and new method to design a sensor model for off-board cameras where each of the camera video stream is processed independently by a dedicated detector. In addition, to obtain tolerance to miss detections and false alarms, we model the failure of each sensor. Then, we detail how to build an occupancy grid, fusing the information from the different cameras. Experimental results showing that our approach is well suited to build an environment model are provided
Spatiotemporally dynamic, cell-type–dependent premeiotic and meiotic phasiRNAs in maize anthers (2015)

Maize anthers, the male reproductive floral organs, express two classes of phased small-interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs). PhasiRNA precursors are transcribed by RNA polymerase II and map to low-copy, intergenic regions similar to PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in mammalian testis. From 10 sequential cohorts of staged maize anthers plus mature pollen we find that 21-nt phased siRNAs from 463 loci appear abruptly after germinal and initial somatic cell fate specification and then diminish, whereas 24-nt phasiRNAs from 176 loci coordinately accumulate during meiosis and persist as anther somatic cells mature and haploid gametophytes differentiate into pollen. Male-sterile ocl4 anthers defective in epidermal signaling lack 21-nt phasiRNAs. Male-sterile mutants with subepidermal defects--mac1 (excess meiocytes), ms23 (defective pretapetal cells), and msca1 (no normal soma or meiocytes)--lack 24-nt phasiRNAs. ameiotic1 mutants (normal soma, no meiosis) accumulate both 21-nt and 24-nt phasiRNAs, ruling out meiotic cells as a source or regulator of phasiRNA biogenesis. By in situ hybridization, miR2118 triggers of 21-nt phasiRNA biogenesis localize to epidermis; however, 21-PHAS precursors and 21-nt phasiRNAs are abundant subepidermally. The miR2275 trigger, 24-PHAS precursors, and 24-nt phasiRNAs all accumulate preferentially in tapetum and meiocytes. Therefore, each phasiRNA type exhibits independent spatiotemporal regulation with 21-nt premeiotic phasiRNAs dependent on epidermal and 24-nt meiotic phasiRNAs dependent on tapetal cell differentiation. Maize phasiRNAs and mammalian piRNAs illustrate putative convergent evolution of small RNAs in male reproduction.
The Narc's Game: Organizational and Informational Limits on Drug Law Enforcement. (1981)

The Narcs' Game draws on Peter K. Manning's extensive field experience (episodes of enforcement practice, raids, interrogations, investigations, surveillances, and planning sessions), records analysis, and interviews gathered in two Southeastern drug enforcement units to strip away the rhetoric, self-serving organizational myths, and conventional wisdom that surround drug law enforcement.The Narcs' Game will interest professionals and students in criminal justice, public administration, management, and organization theory, as well as sociologists studying the various strains of deviance (both official and unofficial) and social scientists generally involved in the study of work behavior, professionalization, and bureaucracy.
<title>Transition from lab to flight demo for model-based FLIR ATR and SAR-FLIR fusion</title> (2000)

Model-based automatic target recognition (ATR) using forward- looking infrared (FLIR) imagery, and using FLIR imagery combined with cues from a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system, has been successfully demonstrated in the laboratory. For the laboratory demonstration, FLIR images, platform location, sensor data, and SAR cues were read in from files stored on computer disk. This ATR system, however, was intended to ultimately be flown in a fighter aircraft. We discuss the transition from laboratory demonstration to flight demonstration for this system. The obvious changes required were in the interfaces: the flight system must get live FLIR imagery from a sensor; it must get platform location, sensor data, and controls from the avionics computer in the aircraft via 1553 bus; and it must get SAR cues from the on-board SAR system, also via 1553 bus. Other changes included the transition to rugged hardware that would withstand the fighter aircraft environment, and the need for the system to be compact and self-contained. Unexpected as well as expected challenges were encountered. We discuss some of these challenges, how they were met, and the performance of the flight-demonstration system.
Wireless Sensor Network Security Model Using Zero Knowledge Protocol (2011)

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) offer an excellent opportunity to monitor environments, and have a lot of interesting applications, some of which are quite sensitive in nature and require full proof secured environment. The security mechanisms used for wired networks cannot be directly used in sensor networks as there is no user-controlling of each individual node, wireless environment, and more importantly, scarce energy resources. In this paper, we address some of the special security threats and attacks in WSNs. We propose a scheme for detection of distributed sensor cloning attack and use of zero knowledge protocol (ZKP) for verifying the authenticity of the sender sensor nodes. The cloning attack is addressed by attaching a unique fingerprint to each node, that depends on the set of neighboring nodes and itself. The fingerprint is attached with every message a sensor node sends. The ZKP is used to ensure non transmission of crucial cryptographic information in the wireless network in order to avoid man-in-the middle (MITM) attack and replay attack. The paper presents a detailed analysis for various scenarios and also analyzes the performance and cryptographic strength.