gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels and proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index for patients with colorectal carcinoma: Correlation with tumor progression and survival (1996)

Serum CEA and PCNA LI for cancer patients is useful in the evaluation of tumor progression and in prognosis. Analysis of DNA ploidy appears to be unavailable for this evaluation.
Word Cloud Explorer: Text Analytics Based on Word Clouds (2014)

Word clouds have emerged as a straightforward and visually appealing visualization method for text. They are used in various contexts as a means to provide an overview by distilling text down to those words that appear with highest frequency. Typically, this is done in a static way as pure text summarization. We think, however, that there is a larger potential to this simple yet powerful visualization paradigm in text analytics. In this work, we explore the usefulness of word clouds for general text analysis tasks. We developed a prototypical system called the Word Cloud Explorer that relies entirely on word clouds as a visualization method. It equips them with advanced natural language processing, sophisticated interaction techniques, and context information. We show how this approach can be effectively used to solve text analysis tasks and evaluate it in a qualitative user study.
Flexible LDPC decoder architecture for high-throughput applications (2008)

In this paper, we present a flexible high-throughput LDPC decoder architecture that can support different code rates and block sizes in wireless applications such as IEEE 802.11n, IEEE 802.16e, and IEEE 802.15.3c standards. Several flexible LDPC decoders have been presented in the literature but their throughput (less than 640 Mbps) is limited due to block-serial scheduling of the decoding computations. The proposed architecture is based on a block-parallel scheduling scheme using a layered decoding method. To achieve higher throughput, check node-based processes are implemented in a fully parallel architecture and the memory is partitioned into a number of banks. System flexibility is achieved by allowing the check node-based units and the memory banks to be configured according to the code rate and block size of the LDPC code of interest.
Respiratory quotient: innovative method for monitoring ‘Royal Gala’ apple storage in a dynamic controlled atmosphere (2015)

Apples (Malus domestica, Borkh.) which are not stored at low temperature or in a properly controlled atmosphere (CA) may have a high metabolic rate during the postharvest stage resulting in losses in quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of ‘Royal Gala’ apple fruit stored in accordance with a new method of dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA).The respiratory quotient (RQ) was monitored at two temperatures which were then compared using a commercially available technology based on chlorophyll fluorescence DCA (DCA-CF) and static CA. Ethylene production and respiration rates were lower in apples stored in DCA than in CA, as a result of lower 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase activity, especially in apples stored in DCA-RQ2. Flesh firmness of apples stored in DCA did not differ from those stored in CA. Apples stored at 1 °C had less flesh breakdown occurrence and a high percentage of healthy fruit. ‘Royal Gala’ stored at DCA-RQ2 had less flesh breakdown than apples stored in CA; however, the apples stored in DCA-CF did not differ from those stored in DCA-RQ2 and CA. Apples stored at the highest RQ value (6 and 4), especially at 0.5 °C, had low O2 injury occurrence after storage. However the increase in temperature to 1.0 °C, reduced the occurrence of this disorder. Therefore, storage in DCA-RQ2 at 1 °C or DCA-CF at 0.5 °C are the recommendations of preference for ensuring maintenance of quality in ‘Royal Gala’ apples after eight months of storage.
DRUG HYBRIDS ENTER THE FRAY (2007)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTDRUG HYBRIDS ENTER THE FRAYCombo molecules SURPASS COMPONENTS but sometimes work in unexpected waysCELIA HENRY ARNAUDView Author Information C&EN WASHINGTONCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2007, 85, 46, 46–48Publication Date (Print):November 12, 2007Publication History Published online29 October 2010Published inissue 12 November 2007https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v085n046.p046Copyright © 2007 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (420 KB) SUBJECTS:Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Problems in applying the theory of totalitarianism to the U.S.S.R. (1968)

(1968). Problems in applying the theory of totalitarianism to the U.S.S.R. Politics: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1-15.
[The status of lysosomal beta-glucuronidase in liver tissue of swine of different constitution]. (1991)

This paper deals with cellular-physiological changes in regard to adaptative problems in the pig. As an example for lysosomal catabolism, beta-glucuronidase activity in liver tissue of pigs with different constitution is presented. Male slaughter pigs (n = 120), equally distributed on the breeds Piétrain, German Large White and German Landrace, are used for the investigation. The results show significant variances between, as well as within the breeds. Partly high significant, positive correlations exist between beta-glucuronidase activity and survival rates. The importance of beta-glucuronidase activity and the lysosomes for adaptative constitution and development in the pig is discussed.
Threshold difference compensated sense amplifier (1979)

A dynamic flip-flop sense amplifier compensating for threshold difference between a pair of transistors by way of offset storage technique is presented. The DC and AC analyses on input offset voltage and performance limitations are discussed. Experimental results have shown that input offset is less than 2 mV with a 5 V single power supply, over a wide temperature range and a wide common mode input voltage range.
Reappraising the use of β-lactams to treat tuberculosis (2012)

The emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis calls for novel approaches to treatment. Recent studies have shown that BlaC, the β-lactamase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the major determinant of β-lactam resistance. This review invites the reader to explore evidence in order to answer the questions: can β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitors adequately treat M. tuberculosis infection and are they a viable option in the management of resistant tuberculosis today?
Enhanced Via Integration Process for Copper/Ultralow- $k$ Interconnects (2010)

This letter evaluates the electrical and reliability performances of a back-end-of-line Cu/ultralow- <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> (ULK) dielectric interconnect with features of gouged via and damage-free profile. The interconnect structure in ultralarge-scale integrated circuits forms vias between successive layers by forming first the via opening within the ULK dielectric, followed by forming the via-gouging feature and then the line opening. This fabrication approach does not disrupt the coverage of the deposited trench diffusion barrier in a line opening and does not introduce dielectric profile damages caused by creating the via-gouging feature. The resulting interconnect structure maintains the gouged-via feature without any profile damage, which not only improves the overall integrity of the integrated circuit but also shows time-dependent dielectric-breakdown performance enhancement over the conventional interconnect structure.
Effects of Surgical and Dietary Weight Loss Therapy for Obesity on Gut Microbiota Composition and Nutrient Absorption (2015)

Evidence suggests a correlation between the gut microbiota composition and weight loss caused by caloric restriction. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), a surgical intervention for obesity, is classified as predominantly restrictive procedure. In this study we investigated functional weight loss mechanisms with regard to gut microbial changes and energy harvest induced by LSG and a very low calorie diet in ten obese subjects (n = 5 per group) demonstrating identical weight loss during a follow-up period of six months. For gut microbiome analysis next generation sequencing was performed and faeces were analyzed for targeted metabolomics. The energy-reabsorbing potential of the gut microbiota decreased following LSG, indicated by the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, but increased during diet. Changes in butyrate-producing bacterial species were responsible for the Firmicutes changes in both groups. No alteration of faecal butyrate was observed, but the microbial capacity for butyrate fermentation decreased following LSG and increased following dietetic intervention. LSG resulted in enhanced faecal excretion of nonesterified fatty acids and bile acids. LSG, but not dietetic restriction, improved the obesity-associated gut microbiota composition towards a lean microbiome phenotype. Moreover, LSG increased malabsorption due to loss in energy-rich faecal substrates and impairment of bile acid circulation. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01344525.
Permanent-magnet synchronous motors: a comprehensive approach to cogging torque suppression (1993)

Torque ripple minimization in permanent-magnet synchronous motors is traditionally achieved either by special motor design or by an adequate control of the driver. Due to motor-driver interactions, the choice of driver or motor design must consider the respective performance of each. The approach presented provides appropriate current shapes for driving a given motor without torque ripple and/or appropriate back-EMF shapes for a given current or voltage supply. Reluctance torque, due to the interaction between the rotor magnets and the stator slots, is also taken into consideration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review of the classification and assessment of the cutaneous manifestations of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (2009)

Adult and juvenile dermatomyositis, polymyositis and myositis overlapping with another connective tissue disease are rare systemic autoimmune diseases with a primary feature of weakness and muscle inflammation. Cutaneous findings specific to the underlying condition are present in many patients with these disorders. Some lesions are highly characteristic of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), especially in dermatomyositis. Some cutaneous findings are common but not specific to the IIM and others are less frequently observed in patients with these illnesses. Many of these manifestations also have different grades of disease activity or damage. This photoessay reviews the classification and assessment of the cutaneous manifestations of the IIM and presents example photographs of many of the lesions of adult and juvenile IIM accumulated from the clinical experience of international experts in these conditions. The purpose of this work is to facilitate better recognition of the diverse cutaneous manifestations associated with these inflammatory myopathies.
REMOVAL OF SILANE GAS BY ABSORPTION INTO ALKALINE SOLUTIONS: ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS OF SILANE (1987)

Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of the hydrolysis of silane gas in an alkaline solution were investigated by chemical absorption method using a bubble column reactor. The rate of alkaline hydrolysis of silane gas in aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions could be expressed as first-order with respect to both silane and sodium hydroxide concentrations. The second-order reaction rate constant and the Henry's law constant of silane gas in sodium hydroxide solutions were determined at temperatures ranging from 293 to 313 K and 0.10 MPa total pressure.
Coordinator: a basic building block for multimedia conferencing systems (2002)

An architectural model that allows the construction of multimedia conferencing environments on the basis of a set of basic building blocks is defined. A coordinator is a basic building block for designing and implementing conferencing systems. It controls the activities of a set of cooperating users. It is based on the different roles played by groups of conference attendants and describes the conference behavior in terms of role changes. Different coordinators correspond to different abstractions of a cooperative activity: multiplexing of data streams, floor control for a conversation, overall conference management, and so on. Each coordinator encapsulates specific issues, such as device and media dependencies, application-dependent behaviors, and user-oriented strategies. A cooperative environment is built bottom-up by connecting controllers in a hierarchical control structure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Applicability of Tandem Affinity Purification MudPIT to Pathway Proteomics in Yeast (2003)

A combined multidimensional chromatography-mass spectrometry approach known as "MudPIT" enables rapid identification of proteins that interact with a tagged bait while bypassing some of the problems associated with analysis of polypeptides excised from SDS-polyacrylamide gels. However, the reproducibility, success rate, and applicability of MudPIT to the rapid characterization of dozens of proteins have not been reported. We show here that MudPIT reproducibly identified bona fide partners for budding yeast Gcn5p. Additionally, we successfully applied MudPIT to rapidly screen through a collection of tagged polypeptides to identify new protein interactions. Twenty-five proteins involved in transcription and progression through mitosis were modified with a new tandem affinity purification (TAP) tag. TAP-MudPIT analysis of 22 yeast strains that expressed these tagged proteins uncovered known or likely interacting partners for 21 of the baits, a figure that compares favorably with traditional approaches. The proteins identified here comprised 102 previously known and 279 potential physical interactions. Even for the intensively studied Swi2p/Snf2p, the catalytic subunit of the Swi/Snf chromatin remodeling complex, our analysis uncovered a new interacting protein, Rtt102p. Reciprocal tagging and TAP-MudPIT analysis of Rtt102p revealed subunits of both the Swi/Snf and RSC complexes, identifying Rtt102p as a common interactor with, and possible integral component of, these chromatin remodeling machines. Our experience indicates it is feasible for an investigator working with a single ion trap instrument in a conventional molecular/cellular biology laboratory to carry out proteomic characterization of a pathway, organelle, or process (i.e. "pathway proteomics") by systematic application of TAP-MudPIT.
Liquid injection field desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry of ionic liquids (2007)

Ten ionic liquids based on four types of organic cations, C(+) (imidazolium, pyrrolidinium, pyridinium, and phosphonium), combined with various types of anions, A-, were analyzed by liquid injection field desorption/ionization- (LIFDI) mass spectrometry. For the purpose of LIFDI analysis the ionic liquids were dissolved in methanol, acetonitrile or tetrahydrofuran at concentrations of 0.01-0.1 microl mL(-1). The measurements were performed on a double-focusing magnetic sector instrument. In all ionic liquid LIFDI spectra, the intact cation of the compound yielded the base peak accompanied by cluster ions of the general formula [C(2)A](+) and occasionally [C(3)A(2)](+). Tandem mass spectrometry and reconstructed ion chromatograms were employed to reveal the identity of the observed ions. Although limited to positive-ion mode, LIFDI also provided analytical information on the anions due to cluster ion formation. Depending on actual emitter condition and ionic liquid the limit of detection in survey scans was determined to 5-50 pg of ionic liquid.
Mouse megakaryocytes secrete acetylcholinesterase (1981)

Acetylcholinesterase (AchE), an essentially specific and early marker of rodent thrombocytic series, in several tissues acts both as a constituent of the cellular membrane and as a secretory enzyme. This study presents the ultrastructural transport and fate of this substance in the megakaryocytes of mouse bone marrow, using Tranum-Jensen and Behnke's adaptation of the indirect thiocholine method. It is shown that megakaryoblasts and megakaryocytes undergo a typical secretory cycle consisting of (1) enzyme synthesis and segregation on the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope, (2) enzyme concentration in AchE-vesicles and AchE-granules formed from the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus, and (3) discharge in the demarcation membrane system and extracellular space. The AchE-vesicles and granules appear to be hitherto unrecognized megakaryocytic organelles as they do not resemble alpha nor the dense granules, and their mode of formation and fate differ from those of primary lysosomes and peroxidase granules. Released platelets reveal AchE activity in the open canalicular system. The data are compatible with the hypothesis that by controlling acetylcholine concentration in hematopoietic tissues, the secretion of AchE by megakaryocytes can modulate the proliferative activity of megakaryocytes progenitors.
Development of a 125KW AMB Expander/Generator for Waste Heat Recovery (2010)

Development and field testing of a low cost expander/generator system that incorporates a high performance, high-speed permanent magnet generator and low loss magnetic bearings is described. The expander/generator is part of a waste heat recovery system based on the Organic Rankine Cycle. The waste heat system can recover energy from a wide variety of heat sources including: landfill gas, reciprocating engine exhaust, solar, geothermal, boilers, and other industrial processes. The varying frequency voltage supplied by the generator is connected to the grid using an active/active power electronics package that can deliver power at 400–480 VAC (50 or 60 Hz). Active magnetic bearings (AMB) were chosen for the application because they can operate directly in the working fluid, have low losses, and provide high reliability and remote monitoring capabilities. The expander operates between 20,000 and 26,500 rpm depending on the energy available from the heat source. The first field unit was installed in April, 2009 at a biogas site. The system design, test results, and magnetic bearing operating experience are discussed.
Mean-Value Analysis of Closed Multichain Queuing Networks (1980)

It is shown that mean queue sizes, mean waiting times, and throughputs in closed multiple-chain queuing networks which have product-form solution can be computed recursively without computing product terms and normalization constants. The resulting computational procedures have improved properties (avoidance of numerical problems and, in some cases, fewer operations) compared to previous algorithms. Furthermore, the new algorithms have a physically meaningful interpretation which provides the basis for heuristic extensions that allow the approximate solution of networks with a very large number of closed chains, and which is shown to be asymptotically valid for large chain populations.
Increased nitric oxide in exhaled air of normal human subjects with upper respiratory tract infections (1995)

Viral infection may induce the expression of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, resulting in increased NO formation that has an antiviral effect. NO may be produced by various cells of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and may be detected in the exhaled air. We have studied the levels of exhaled NO in 18 normal subjects during symptomatic upper respiratory tract infections and during recovery 3 weeks later. Exhaled NO was measured using a modified chemiluminescence analyser. At the time of symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, the peak exhaled NO values were 315 +/- 57 ppb (mean +/- SEM) and decreased to 87 +/- 9 ppb during recovery. Recovery values of exhaled NO were similar to those reported in age-matched normal control subjects (88 +/- 3 ppb, n = 72). These findings suggest that symptomatic upper respiratory tract infections markedly increase the concentration of NO in exhaled air. This may reflect the induction of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in upper and lower respiratory tract, and may be relevant to viral exacerbations of asthma.
A Population Study of Irradiated Desert Rodents (1974)

An experiment was begun in 1963 to evaluate effects of long—term low—level radiation exposure on desert populations of plants and animals. Monthly censuses of four species of heteromyid rodents in three 9—ha enclosures and one non—enclosed area indicate great year—to—year changes in densities of the nonirradiated populations and even greater fluctuations in the irradiated populations. Although magnitude of density changes varied, timing of fluctuations was similar. In a good growing season a population may increase by a factor of 5 or more. In a poor growing season there may be no reproduction. Chronic radiation exposure to Perognathus formosus was measured to be 211—360 r/year. This reduced survival, particularly before the age of 6 mo. The instantaneous rate of death for the irratiated population during this period was 0.219, and for the control populations was .075 and 0.104. Future life expectancy at age 1 mo in the irradiated population was 9.2 mo, and for the control populations was 11.4 and 14.4 mo. The computed intrinsic rate of increase for the irradiated population was 0.314, compared to 0.493 and 0.498 for the two control populations. Demographic and histologic evidence indicate an increased birth rate in the irradiated population. A population consisting of animals 3 yr old and older, having been subjected to a lifetime of such radiation exposure, would likely be incapable of reproduction. Therefore, only in the most unfavorable periods, when reproduction is curtailed by natural factors, will the threshold levels of artificial radiation insult on the natural population be discernible. A rapid turnover of generations prevents a population from accumulating damaging effects of low—level exposure. The diets of rodents were analyzed, and the production of important foods was measured over 3 yr. Seeds and vegetative parts of plants made up approximately equal portions of the diet. All parts of the small annual plant Thelypodium were highly selected at all seasons. Total production of food shows a lag effect in relation to precipitation. Estimates of food requirements of the rodent population, based on laboratory feeding trials, suggest that food supply may be an important limiting factor. Populations respond strikingly to periods of favorable vegetative growth. Desert rodent populations are adapted to withstanding periods of unfavorable conditions. They have comparatively long life—spans and maintain fertility. These adaptations make them vulnerable to changed conditions, such as environmental contamination.