gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and expressive transformation of singing voice (2017)

This thesis aimed at conducting research on the synthesis and expressive transformations of the singing voice, towards the development of a high-quality synthesizer that can generate a natural and expressive singing voice automatically from a given score and lyrics. Mainly 3 research directions can be identified: the methods for modelling the voice signal to automatically generate an intelligible and natural-sounding voice according to the given lyrics; the control of the synthesis to render an adequate interpretation of a given score while conveying some expressivity related to a specific singing style; the transformation of the voice signal to improve its naturalness and add expressivity by varying the timbre adequately according to the pitch, intensity and voice quality. This thesis provides some contributions in each of those 3 directions. First, a fully-functional synthesis system has been developed, based on diphones concatenations. The modular architecture of this system allows to integrate and compare different signal modeling approaches. Then, the question of the control is addressed, encompassing the automatic generation of the f0, intensity, and phonemes durations. The modeling of specific singing styles has also been addressed by learning the expressive variations of the modeled control parameters on commercial recordings of famous French singers. Finally, some investigations on expressive timbre transformations have been conducted, for a future integration into our synthesizer. This mainly concerns methods related to intensity transformation, considering the effects of both the glottal source and vocal tract, and the modeling of vocal roughness.
m-LOMA - a mobile 3D city map (2006)

m-LOMA, mobile LOcation-Aware Messaging Application, is designed to be a mobile portal to location-based information in cities. The user can perform textual searches to location-based content, navigate using 2D maps assisted by a GPS, and leave messages to the environment, or recognize the environment from a 3D map. The 3D map view is the key feature of the m-LOMA system. The m-LOMA client is capable of rendering photorealistic 3D city models with augmented location-based information in a smart phone without hardware rendering support at interactive frame rates. This paper presents the key challenges and solutions in creating this 3D map engine and a lightweight but photorealistic 3D city model.
Versioning in a Software Engineering Database — the Change Oriented Way (1993)

During development and maintenance of software systems, there are a number of basic facilities that have to be available to the &quot;software engineer&quot;. These include some form of persistent storage of data, and support for managing evolution of stored data.
Improvement of Depth Position in 2-D/3-D Registration of Knee Implants Using Single-Plane Fluoroscopy (2004)

Two-dimensional (2-D)/three-dimensional (3-D) registration techniques using single-plane fluoroscopy are highly important for analyzing 3-D kinematics in applications such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implants. The accuracy of single-plane fluoroscopy-based techniques in the determination of translation perpendicular to the image plane (depth position), however, is relatively poor because a change in the depth position causes only small changes in the 2-D silhouette. Accuracies achieved in depth position using conventional 2-D/3-D registration techniques are insufficient for clinical applications. Therefore, we propose a technique for improving the accuracy of depth position determination in order to develop a system for analyzing knee kinematics over the full six degrees of freedom (6 DOF) using single-plane fluoroscopy. In preliminary experiments, the behaviors of errors for each free variable were quantified as evaluation curves by examining changes in cost function with variations in the free variable. The evaluation curve for depth position was more jagged, and the curve peak less pointy, compared to the evaluation curves of the other five variables, and the curve was found to behave differently. Depth position is therefore optimized independently of the other variables, using an approximate evaluation curve of depth position prepared after initial registration. Accuracy of the proposed technique was evaluated by computer simulation and in vitro tests, with validation of absolute position and orientation performed for each knee component. In computer simulation tests, root-mean-square error (RMSE) in depth position was improved from 2.6 mm (conventional) to 0.9 mm (proposed), whereas for in vitro tests, RMSE improved from 3.2 mm to 1.4 mm. Accuracy of the estimation of the remaining two translational and three rotational variables was found to be almost the same as that obtained by conventional techniques. Results of in vivo tests are also described in which the possibility of full 6 DOF kinematic analysis of TKA implants is shown.
Schottky barrier height enhancement on <i>n</i>-In0.53Ga0.47As (1992)

Schottky barrier height enhancement on n-InGaAs is studied on structures with thin surface layers of different compositions. Counter-doped p+-InGaAs layers, as well as layers of n- and p-InP, n-GaAs, and n-InGaP of different thicknesses and dopant densities, respectively, were used to enhance the barrier. Titanium was used as a barrier metal to prepare Schottky diodes of different areas and the barrier height is analyzed by current-voltage measurements. It is observed that the barrier height enhancement by p+-InGaAs layers increases with the layer thickness and dopant density, respectively, and effective barrier heights up to 0.63–0.68 eV, i.e., higher values than previously reported, have been measured. The barrier height enhancement by counter-doped p+-InGaAs layers on n-InGaAs can be described by the two-carrier model. Schottky diodes with extremely low reverse current densities have been prepared, JR(1 V) =4.5×10−6 A/cm2. It is shown that lattice-matched InP surface layers can be used as an alternative to enhance the barrier height on n-InGaAs. The barrier height increases with the layer thickness up to φB=0.53–0.55 eV, i.e., up to values previously reported as barrier heights on thick n-InP. Additional barrier enhancement can be achieved by counter doping of the InP surface layer and barrier heights of 0.66 eV have been obtained by p-InP surface layers on n-InGaAs. On structures with barrier-enhanced n-GaAs layers, a remarkable decrease of the reverse current density is observed if the layer thickness is reduced to the critical layer thickness, but the barrier height is very low due to the small n-GaAs thickness. For structures with slightly lattice-mismatched n-InGaP layers (xGaP=0.11) measured barrier heights are similar to those for n-InP enhancement layers of the same thicknesses.
Surface modification of poly(aryl ether ether ketone) film by remote oxygen plasma (1998)

Surface modification of poly(aryl ether ether ketone) (PEEK) film surfaces by oxygen plasma treatment was investigated. Two procedures, the direct plasma treatment and the remote oxygen plasma treatment, were used as oxygen plasma treatments, and the efficiency of the hydrophilic modification was discussed. The direct and remote oxygen plasma treatments lead to degradation of the PEEK film as well as hydrophilic surface modification. The degradation disturbs the surface modification. The remote oxygen plasma treatment rather than the direct oxygen plasma is suitable for the hydrophilic surface modification of the PEEK film. The remote oxygen plasma treatment at 10 W for 60 s forms predominantly C—O groups rather than C=O groups as an oxygen-containing group on the PEEK surface and gives a highly hydrophilic surface with a contact angle of 44 degrees. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polm Sci 68:271–279, 1998
On an Ultrabroad -Band Hybrid Tee (1979)

A hybrid tee is investigated which consists of two broad-band line transformers and a lumped branching point. The branching point forms a bridge circuit, the resistances of which are determined by six lines and their load resistors. The bandwidth is wider than three decades, extending from 2.4 MHz to 5 GHz, and is determined by the transformers. In a special version, the upper cutoff frequency can be shifted to about 12 GHz. The isolation between opposite lines is greater than 40 dB.
N-Glycosylation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Regulates Ligand and Heparan Sulfate Co-receptor Binding (2006)

The regulation of cell function by fibroblast growth factors (FGF) occurs through a dual receptor system consisting of a receptor-tyrosine kinase, FGFR and the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate (HS). Mutations of some potential N-glycosylation sites in human fgfr lead to phenotypes characteristic of receptor overactivation. To establish how N-glycosylation may affect FGFR function, soluble- and membrane-bound recombinant receptors corresponding to the extracellular ligand binding domain of FGFR1-IIIc were produced in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. Both forms of FGFR1-IIIc were observed to be heavily N-glycosylated and migrated on SDS-PAGE as a series of multiple bands between 50 and 75 kDa, whereas the deglycosylated receptors migrated at 32 kDa, corresponding to the expected molecular weight of the polypeptides. Optical biosensor and quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation binding assays show that the removal of the N-glycans from FGFR1-IIIc caused an increase in the binding of the receptor to FGF-2 and to heparin-derived oligosaccharides, a proxy for cellular HS. This effect is mediated by N-glycosylation reducing the association rate constant of the receptor for FGF-2 and heparin oligosaccharides. N-Glycans were analyzed by mass spectrometry, which demonstrates a predominance of bi- and tri-antennary core-fucosylated complex type structures carrying one, two, and/or three sialic acids. Modeling of such glycan structures on the receptor protein suggests that at least some may be strategically positioned to interfere with interactions of the receptor with FGF ligand and/or the HS co-receptor. Thus, the N-glycans of the receptor represent an additional pathway for the regulation of the activity of FGFs.
Scaling Optimizations for Presence in SIP/SIMPLE (2007)

The document suggests various optimizations for presence that uses the
SIP/SIMPLE protocol. The suggestions are based on a separate document
that contains scaling analysis and requirements. The current document
reviews only suggestions that are not yet part of the work of the
various SIP working groups while approved and in-work optimizations
are reviewed in the scaling document. The intention here is to keep
these suggestions at this document as a place holder until a set of
requirements will be discussed and accepted and the work on
optimizations will commence.
Cost and Energy Reduction Evaluation for ARM Based Web Servers (2011)

Direct energy and energy dependent infrastructure costs are major contributors to the total cost of a data center. This paper evaluates the energy saving potential of the ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore processor, compared to more conventional Intel Xeon processors, when running certain server applications. The presented measurements show a three to eleven times better energy efficiency for ARM Cortex-A9 processors compared to Intel Xeon processors. Using these measurements as input to the cost model for a typical data center presented by Hamilton, we analyze the resulting cost reductions.
Adhesion molecule expression in normal skin and melanocytic lesions (1997)

Cell adhesion between surfaces of cells and to extracellular matrices represents a fundamental mechanism in tissue organization and influences the biological behaviour and the architecture of tumors. We investigated the expression of various adhesion molecules in normal skin (n=5), nevi (n=29), and malignant melanoma (n=10) by immunohistochemistry. Special attention was paid to the correlation between adhesion molecule expression and the respective architectural features, e.g. UV-induced morphological changes, and the arrangement of melanocytes in congenital nevi. In nevi, a single erythemagenic dose of UV-light did not influence the integrin expression of melanocytes, but results in an upregulation of alpha3 beta1- and alpha6 beta1-integrin within the suprabasal layers of the epidermis. This suprabasal labelling was associated with an increased number of suprabasal melanocytes in UV-irradiated nevi which were detected with HMB-45 antibody. Nine of 10 congenital nevi demonstrated a labelling of alpha4 beta1-integrin only in melanocytes of the deeper dermis. This integrin previously has been associated with high tumor thickness and the clinical outcome in melanomas. The integrin profile observed in melanomas differed in part from that seen in nevi with expression of beta2- and beta3-integrins in some cases. The results may indicate a correlation between adhesion molecule expression and histopathological findings in melanocytic lesions.
Discovery of Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes of Atmospheric Origin (1994)

Detectors aboard the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory have observed an unexplained terrestrial phenomenon: brief, intense flashes of gamma rays. These flashes must originate in the atmosphere at altitudes above at least 30 kilometers in order to escape atmospheric absorption and reach the orbiting detectors. At least a dozen such events have been detected over the past 2 years. The photon spectra from the events are very hard (peaking in the high-energy portion of the spectrum) and are consistent with bremsstrahlung emission from energetic (million-electron volt) electrons. The most likely origin of these high-energy electrons, although speculative at this time, is a rare type of high-altitude electrical discharge above thunderstorm regions.
Performance characteristics of an oxygen radical beam radio-frequency source (1995)

An oxygen radical beam source discharged by radio frequency was newly designed and constructed. Effects of wall materials on the optical emission intensity of the oxygen plasma and the atomic oxygen flux were measured. The optical emission intensity correlated well with the intensity of the atomic oxygen flux. An atomic oxygen flux as high as 1.4×1016 atoms/(cm2 s) was achieved at 50 mm away from an end plate, with nine orifices, of the radical beam source by using a sleeve made of pyrolytic boron nitride in the beam source.
The relationship of pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) to clinical outcomes in a phase I study of OX40 agonistic monoclonal antibody (mAb) PF-04518600 (PF-8600). (2017)

3027 Background: PF-8600 is a novel fully human IgG2 agonistic mAb against human OX40, a TNF receptor superfamily member expressed primarily on activated T cells. This ongoing phase 1 study (NCT02315066) is investigating the safety, efficacy, PK and PD of PF-8600 in patients (pts) with solid tumors. Methods: PF-8600 (0.01–10 mg/kg) was given IV every 14d. Expression of free/total OX40 receptor, proliferation marker ki67 and activation markers HLA-DR/CD38 were measured in T cell subsets in peripheral blood by flow cytometry in all pts. CD4, CD8, OX40 and FOXP3 were evaluated in paired tumor biopsies (bx), collected from a subset of pts (≥0.1 mg/kg) at baseline (BL) and Wk6, by immunohistochemistry. Results: As of 21Sep2016, 48 pts with melanoma (n = 14), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 19), head and neck squamous cell (n = 6) or renal cell carcinoma (n = 9) enrolled in the dose-escalation cohorts (0.01-3 mg/kg). No immune related adverse events (AE) were reported. The most frequent treatment related AEs in > 3 pts were fatigue (27.1%) and nausea and vomiting (8.3% each); all Gr 1-2. 2 pts had a partial response: melanoma at 0.1 (Pt1) and HCC at 0.3 (Pt2) mg/kg. 25 pts had best ORR (BOR) of stable disease (SD; 3 pts ≥24 wks). A majority of pts at 0.1, 0.3, and 3 mg/kg, including Pt1 and Pt2, had increases in ki67 and HLA-DR/CD38 expression in peripheral CD4+ central memory T cells. Pt1, Pt2 and all pts at ≥0.3 mg/kg had full receptor occupancy. Paired bx were only available from pts with BOR of SD or progressive disease. In 10 pts with available paired tumor bx and defined date of radiographic progression (rPD), longer time to rPD correlated with increases in %OX40+ in bx from BL to Wk6, regardless of dose level, tumor type or prior immunotherapy (R 2 = 0.52, p = 0.0188); no correlation between rPD and CD4+, CD8+ or FOXP3+ expression changes was observed. Updated efficacy, safety, PK and PD data will be presented. Conclusions: PF-8600 is well tolerated with evidence of single agent efficacy. Initial observations of PD markers that change with treatment and correlate with rPD support efforts to confirm these findings as more clinical outcomes and larger sample sizes become available. Clinical trial information: NCT02315066.
Intraduodenal Administration of Intact Pea Protein Effectively Reduces Food Intake in Both Lean and Obese Male Subjects (2011)

Prevention of gastric proteolysis through bypassing the stomach effectively reduces food intake, and seems to affect obese subjects to a greater extent than lean subjects. Enteric coating of intact protein supplements may provide an effective dietary strategy in the prevention/treatment of obesity.
Development of low‐biofouling polypropylene feedspacers for reverse osmosis (2009)

Abstract Microbial fouling, or biofouling, is the accumulation of microorganisms onto material surfaces. The goal of this project was to develop low‐biofouling polypropylene (PP) films through the functionalization of PP by a spacer arm with metal chelating ligands charged with copper ions. Virgin and modified PP films were put in contact with 3.0 ×10 5 Escherichia coli cells/mL solutions for periods of time varying from 24 to 168 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x‐ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to verify the functionalization reactions and monitor copper leaching. Direct counts of cells stained with dsDNA showed, invariably, that the microbial attachment to the modified PP films was an order of magnitune lower than on the virgin PP. Further, over a period of time of 2 weeks, no significant amounts of copper leached from the low‐biofouling PP films. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Optimization for the Production of Cellulase Enzyme from Municipal Solid Waste Residue by Two Novel Cellulolytic Fungi (2011)

The main purpose of this study is to reduce the production cost of cellulase by optimizing the production medium and using an alternative carbon source such as municipal solid waste residue. In the present investigation, we aim to isolate the two novel cellulase producing fungi (Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma sp.) from municipal solid waste. Municipal solid waste residue (4-5% (w/v)) and peptone and yeast extract (1.0% (w/v)) were found to be the best combination of carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of cellulase by A. niger and Trichoderma sp. Optimum temperature and pH of the medium for the cellulase production by A. niger were 40°C and 6-7, whereas those for the production of cellulase by Trichoderma sp. were 45°C and 6.5. Cellulase production from A. niger and Trichoderma sp. can be an advantage as the enzyme production rate is normally higher as compared to other fungi.
Vehicular Communication (2006)

Researchers in both academia and industry are increasingly interested in vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, because they enable numerous safety systems and end-user applications. To gain a better understanding of vehicular communication, we solicited input from experts, interviewing Wieland Holfelder, vice president and chief technology officer of DaimlerChrysler Research and Technology North America, and Jean-Pierre Hubaux, a professor of communication systems at the École Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne. We also received short articles from Timo Kosch and Markus Strassberger of BWM Group Research and Technology and from Ken Laberteaux, Lorenzo Caminiti, Derek Caveney, and Hideki Hada of Toyota. Collectively, these four pieces indicate a growing momentum in vehicular communication, although many open questions remain. This department is part of a special issue on Intelligent Transportation.
Phase behavior of end-functionalized polymers confined between two surfaces (2000)

Using scaling theory, we determine the equilibrium behavior of a melt of functionalized and nonfunctionalized polymers confined between two infinite, planar surfaces, which model clay sheets. The functionalized chains contain two end groups (one at each chain end) that are highly attracted to the surfaces. Through these calculations, we delineate the conditions for the formation of thermodynamically stable polymer/clay mixtures in terms of the end-group adsorption energy, volume fraction of the end-functionalized chains, and polymer chain lengths.
Flood tolerance of oak seedlings from bottomland and upland sites (2009)

Artificial regeneration of oak species in floodplains presents numerous challenges because of the seasonal flooding associated with these areas. Utilizing not only flood-tolerant oak species, but also flood tolerant seed sources of the oak species, may serve to enhance seedling survival and growth rates. Despite the importance of these factors to hardwood forest bottomland restoration projects, few studies have investigated the species' variation to flood tolerance and flood tolerance associated with seed sources originating from contrasting topographic positions for oaks. This study examined flood tolerance for seedlings of swamp white oak, bur oak, and white oak grown from acorns collected from both upland and bottomland sites.
Estriol: safety and efficacy. (1998)

While conventional hormone replacement therapy provides certain benefits, it is not without significant risks. Estriol has been found to provide some of the protection without the risks associated with stronger estrogens. Depending upon the situation, estriol may exert either agonistic or antagonistic effects on estrogen. Estriol appears to be effective at controlling symptoms of menopause, including hot flashes, insomnia, vaginal dryness, and frequent urinary tract infections. Results of research on its bone-density-maintaining effects have been contradictory, with the most promising results coming from Japanese studies. Estriol's effect on cardiac risk factors has also been somewhat equivocal; however, unlike conventional estrogen prescriptions, it does not seem to contribute to hypertension. Although estriol appears to be much safer than estrone or estradiol, its continuous use in high doses may have a stimulatory effect on both breast and endometrial tissue.
Spatially resolved Fourier transform impedance spectroscopy: A technique to rapidly characterize interfaces, applied to a QD/SiC heterojunction (2021)

We demonstrate a technique to quickly build and spatially map the frequency response of optoelectronic devices. The transfer function of a linear system is the Fourier transform of its impulse response. Such an impulse response is obtained from transient photocurrent measurements of devices such as photodetectors and solar cells. We introduce and apply Fourier transform impedance spectroscopy (FTIS) to a PbS colloidal quantum dot SiC heterojunction photodiode and validate the results using intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy. Cutoff frequencies in the devices were as high as ∼10 kHz, showing their utility in advanced thin film and flexible electronics. The practical frequencies for FTIS lie in the mHz–kHz range, ideal for composite materials such as quantum dot films that are dominated by interfacial trap states. These can lead to characteristic lengths for charge collection ∼20–500 μm dominated by transmission line effects, rather than intrinsic diffusion and drift length scales, enabling extraction of interfacial capacitances and series/parallel resistances.