gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin aspart (B28 asp-insulin): a fast-acting analog of human insulin: absorption kinetics and action profile compared with regular human insulin in healthy nondiabetic subjects. (1999)

Subcutaneous administration of insulin aspart causes a more rapid and intense maximal effect compared with regular insulin during euglycemic clamp studies in nondiabetic subjects. Abdominal administration of insulin aspart has a shorter duration of glucose-lowering effect compared with administration in the deltoid or thigh.
Invertor suitable for operation over a range of frequency (1964)

The paper deals with invertors working over a considerable range of frequency and commutated by static capacitors. It reports a preliminary investigation of a circuit in which clamping diodes constrain the capacitors to hold their charges at their maximum value until next required for commutation.
A highly stable but highly reactive zinc catalyst for transesterification supported by a bis(imidazole) ligand (2015)

We designed highly active and practical bis(imidazole)/zinc complexes for transesterification reactions.
Delivery of Neurotrophin-3 to the Cochlea using Alginate Beads (2005)

This study demonstrates alginate beads to be a safe, biodegradable and effective delivery system for NT-3 to the cochlea.
Rumbrin, a new cytoprotective substance produced by Auxarthron umbrinum. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation and biological activities. (1993)

Rumbrin has been isolated from a fungus, Auxarthron umbrinum, by a screening program designed to find microorganism-produced cytoprotective substances. It was purified by use of column chromatography on silica gel, reversed phase HPLC and then isolated as fine red needles. Rumbrin prevented cell death caused by calcium overload and exhibited a potent inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation.
A look at several memory management units, TLB-refill mechanisms, and page table organizations (1998)

Virtual memory is a staple in modem systems, though there is little agreement on how its functionality is to be implemented on either the hardware or software side of the interface. The myriad of design choices and incompatible hardware mechanisms suggests potential performance problems, especially since increasing numbers of systems (even embedded systems) are using memory management. A comparative study of the implementation choices in virtual memory should therefore aid system-level designers.This paper compares several virtual memory designs, including combinations of hierarchical and inverted page tables on hardware-managed and software-managed translation lookaside buffers (TLBs). The simulations show that systems are fairly sensitive to TLB size; that interrupts already account for a large portion of memory-management overhead and can become a significant factor as processors execute more concurrent instructions; and that if one includes the cache misses inflicted on applications by the VM system, the total VM overhead is roughly twice what was thought (10--20% rather than 5--10%).
Conferring high‐temperature tolerance to nontransgenic tomato scions using graft transmission of <scp>RNA</scp> silencing of the fatty acid desaturase gene (2015)

We investigated graft transmission of high-temperature tolerance in tomato scions to nontransgenic scions from transgenic rootstocks, where the fatty acid desaturase gene (LeFAD7) was RNA-silenced. Tomato was transformed with a plasmid carrying an inverted repeat of LeFAD7 by Agrobacterium. Several transgenic lines showed the lower amounts of LeFAD7 RNA and unsaturated fatty acids, while nontransgenic control did not, and siRNA was detected in the transgenic lines, but not in control. These lines grew under conditions of high temperature, while nontransgenic control did not. Further, the nontransgenic plants were grafted onto the silenced transgenic plants. The scions showed less of the target gene RNA, and siRNA was detected. Under high-temperature conditions, these grafted plants grew, while control grafted plants did not. Thus, it was shown that high-temperature tolerance was conferred in the nontransgenic scions after grafting onto the silenced rootstocks.
Preparation and Thermal Stability of Bulk Amorphous Pd<SUB>40</SUB>Cu<SUB>30</SUB>Ni<SUB>10</SUB>P<SUB>20</SUB> Alloy Cylinder of 72 mm in Diameter (1997)

The glass-forming ability of a Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 alloy was found to increase significantly by B2O3 flux treatment, as is evidenced by the decrease in the critical cooling rate from 1.57 K/s in the non-fluxed state to 0.100 K/s in the fluxed state. The flux treatment also causes the extension of the supercooled liquid region by the increase in the onset temperature of crystallization (Tx). The effect of the flux treatment is presumably due to the increase in the thermal stability of the supercooled liquid by the suppression of heterogeneous nucleation. The critical cooling rates in the non-fluxed and fluxed states for a Pd40Ni40P20 alloy are measured to be 128 and 0.167 K/s, respectively, both of which are larger than those for the Pd–Cu–Ni–P alloy. The use of the molten Pd–Cu–Ni–P alloy subjected to the flux treatment enabled the production of bulk amorphous alloys in cylindrical forms of 50 to 72 mm in diameter and 52 to 75 mm in length. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and Tx values of the bulk amorphous alloys are the same as those for the melt-spun amorphous ribbon prepared from the fluxed molten alloy. The success of synthesizing an amorphous alloy of 72 mm in diameter is encouraging both for the future development of basic science of bulk amorphous alloys and for their engineering application.
??-Hydroxy-??-Methylbutyrate Supplementation in Critically Ill Trauma Patients (2007)

These data suggest that supplementation with HMB alone may improve nitrogen balance in critically injured adult patients and that this effect is not a result of lowered muscle protein turnover as originally hypothesized.
A Convolutional Neural Network Approach for Assisting Avalanche Search and Rescue Operations with UAV Imagery (2017)

Following an avalanche, one of the factors that affect victims’ chance of survival is the speed with which they are located and dug out. Rescue teams use techniques like trained rescue dogs and electronic transceivers to locate victims. However, the resources and time required to deploy rescue teams are major bottlenecks that decrease a victim’s chance of survival. Advances in the field of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have enabled the use of flying robots equipped with sensors like optical cameras to assess the damage caused by natural or manmade disasters and locate victims in the debris. In this paper, we propose assisting avalanche search and rescue (SAR) operations with UAVs fitted with vision cameras. The sequence of images of the avalanche debris captured by the UAV is processed with a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract discriminative features. A trained linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) is integrated at the top of the CNN to detect objects of interest. Moreover, we introduce a pre-processing method to increase the detection rate and a post-processing method based on a Hidden Markov Model to improve the prediction performance of the classifier. Experimental results conducted on two different datasets at different levels of resolution show that the detection performance increases with an increase in resolution, while the computation time increases. Additionally, they also suggest that a significant decrease in processing time can be achieved thanks to the pre-processing step.
Glutathione: new roles in redox signaling for an old antioxidant (2014)

The physiological roles played by the tripeptide glutathione have greatly advanced over the past decades superimposing the research on free radicals, oxidative stress and, more recently, redox signaling. In particular, GSH is involved in nutrient metabolism, antioxidant defense, and regulation of cellular metabolic functions ranging from gene expression, DNA and protein synthesis to signal transduction, cell proliferation and apoptosis. This review will be focused on the role of GSH in cell signaling by analysing the more recent advancements about its capability to modulate nitroxidative stress, autophagy, and viral infection.
Tautomeric equilibria and p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> values for 'sulfurous acid' in aqueous solution: a thermodynamic analysis (1979)

The free energy of formation of dimethyl sulfite in aqueous solution can be calculated as −91.45 ± 0.79 kcal/mol; this calculation required measurement of the solubility of dimethyl sulfite. From this value and the pK a of SO(OH) 2 , using previously reported methods, the free energy of formation of SO(OH) 2 can be calculated to be −129.26 ± 0.89 kcal/mol. Comparison of this value with the value obtained from the free energy of formation of 'sulfurous acid' solutions, calculated from the free energy of formation of sulfite ion and the apparent pK a , values, permits evaluation of the free energy of covalent hydration of SO 2 as 1.6 + 1.0 kcal/mol, in agreement with earlier qualitative spectroscopic observations. From the apparent pK a and the anticipated pK a values for the tautomers (SO(OH) 2 , pK 1 = 2.3; HSO 2 (OH), pK 1 = −2.6) it is possible to calculate the free energy change for tautomerization of SO(OH) 2 to H—SO 2 (OH) as +4.5 ± 1.2 kcal/mol. All equilibrium constants required for Scheme 1, describing the species present in dilute aqueous solutions of SO 2 , have been calculated. In agreement with previous Raman studies the major tautomer of 'bisulfite ion' is calculated to be H—SO 3 − .
Iterative decoding of product codes composed of extended Hamming codes (2002)

Iterative decoding of product codes that uses a soft-in/soft-out decoder based on the Chase algorithm was introduced by R. Pyndiah et al. (see Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM, vol.1/3, p.339-43, 1994). This decoding scheme is quite similar to turbo codes, but makes possible the implementation of the decoder with low complexity while providing acceptable performance. In this paper for the product codes composed of extended Hamming codes, we propose a reduction scheme of test patterns in the Chase algorithm, which can reduce the decoding complexity without performance degradation. Also, we propose a simple, but efficient assignment scheme of artificial extrinsic information to the symbols for which we cannot get reliabilities by the decoding procedure. The simulation results for the proposed schemes are shown and compared with the asymptotic performances that can be calculated by the weight distribution of product codes and the union bound on the BER performances.
Endogenous Melanocortin System Activity Contributes to the Elevated Arterial Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2008)

Previous studies suggest that activation of the CNS melanocortin system reduces appetite while increasing sympathetic activity and arterial pressure. The present study tested whether endogenous activity of the CNS melanocortin 3/4 receptors (MC3/4-R) contributes to elevated arterial pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), a model of hypertension with increased sympathetic activity. A cannula was placed in the lateral ventricle of male SHR and Wistar (WKY) rats for chronic intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusions (0.5 muL/h). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded 24 hour/d using telemetry. After 5-day control period, rats were infused with MC3/4-R antagonist (SHU-9119, 1 nmol/h-ICV) for 12 days, followed by 5-day posttreatment period. MC3/4-R antagonism increased food intake in SHR by 90% and in WKY by 125%, resulting in marked weight gain, insulin resistance, and hyperleptinemia in SHR and WKY. Despite weight gain, MC3/4-R antagonism reduced HR in SHR and WKY ( approximately 40 bpm), while lowering MAP to a greater extent in SHR (-22+/-4 mm Hg) than WKY (-4+/-3 mm Hg). SHU9119 treatment failed to cause further reductions in MAP during chronic adrenergic blockade with propranolol and terazosin. These results suggest that endogenous activity of the CNS melanocortin system contributes to the maintenance of adrenergic tone and elevated arterial pressure in SHR even though mRNA levels for POMC and MC4R in the mediobasal hypothalamus were not increased compared to WKY. These results also support the hypothesis that weight gain does not raise arterial pressure in the absence of a functional MC3/4-R.
Studying the Characteristics of Polypyrrole and its Composites (2007)

Polypyrrole and its composites were prepared chemically using FeCl3 as an oxidant in aqueous and non-aqueous media. The effect of various solutions such as water, ethylacetate, acetonitrile, methylacetate, methanol, ethylmethylketone and surface active agents, poly (ethylene glycol) and poly (vinyl acetate) on the properties of pro duct were studied. The electrically conducting polymer and its composites have been characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy. The results indicate that the morphology, conductivity and structure of products are dependent on the type of solution and additive.
Quantitative in situ infrared analysis of reactions between trimethylaluminum and polymers during Al2O3 atomic layer deposition (2012)

The reactions of trimethylaluminum (TMA) toward substrates during the Al2O3 atomic layer deposition (ALD) on a variety of polymers were studied by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The experiments demonstrate that TMA reacts with certain nucleophilic functional groups on the polymer surface during the first several ALD cycles. For some polymer substrates, TMA vapor penetrates into the polymer and reacts in the polymer bulk. In both cases, the initial reaction plays an important role in the nucleation and growth of Al2O3. For chemically inert polymers, such as polypropylene, nucleation of Al2O3 ALD is relative slow at the initial stage due to the lack of reactive groups on the substrate. However, polyester, polyamide and polyether are more reactive, and in situ FTIR spectra showed a larger extent of reaction with TMA, facilitating the nucleation of ALD film on these polymers. By comparing FTIR spectra, we quantitatively estimate the extent of TMA reaction towards different polymers, and confirmed the results using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results give insight into the importance of the polymer structure in determining the nature and extent of the reaction during ALD film processing on polymer substrates.
Layered VS<sub>2</sub> Nanosheet‐Based Aqueous Zn Ion Battery Cathode (2017)

An aqueous Zn/VS2 battery is designed, which consists of a VS2 cathode, a zinc anode, and a mild ZnSO4 aqueous electrolyte. The battery delivers a high capacity, and exhibits long-term cyclic stability due to the large layer spacing and high conductivity of VS2. A reversible insertion/extraction of Zn2+ is observed during the discharge/charge process. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Throughput Maximization in Linear Multiuser MIMO–OFDM Downlink Systems (2008)

In this paper, we study the problem of maximizing the throughput of a multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system in the downlink with a total power constraint using a beamforming approach. An iterative algorithm that takes turns to optimize, jointly among users, the power allocation in the downlink, the transmit and the receive beamforming antenna vectors, and the power allocation in the virtual uplink is proposed. The algorithm is proved to converge, and the throughput increases from one iteration to the next. In addition to the total power constraint, the proposed algorithm is also capable of handling individual users' rate constraints. To reduce complexity, a geometric-programming-based power control in the high signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) region and an orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access scheme in the low SINR region are proposed. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the generalized zero-forcing (GZF) approach.
Behavior of Ion Exchange Resins in Solvents Other Than Water - Swelling and Exchange Characteristics (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBehavior of Ion Exchange Resins in Solvents Other Than Water - Swelling and Exchange CharacteristicsGeorge W. Bodamer and Robert KuninCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1953, 45, 11, 2577–2580Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50527a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50527a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1576Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and Characterization of SIRT6 Protein Coated Magnetic Beads: Identification of a Novel Inhibitor of SIRT6 Deacetylase from Medicinal Plant Extracts (2011)

SIRT6 is a histone deacetylase that has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disorders and the prevention of age-associated diseases. Thus, the identification of compounds that modulate SIRT6 activity could be of great therapeutic importance. The aim of this study was to develop a screening method for the identification of novel modulators of SIRT6 from a natural plant extract. We immobilized SIRT6 onto the surface of magnetic beads, and assessed SIRT6 enzymatic activity on synthetic acetylated histone tails (H3K9Ac) by measuring products of the deacetylation process. The SIRT6 coated magnetic beads were then suspended in fenugreek seed extract (Trigonella foenum-graecum) as a bait to identify active ligands that suppress SIRT6 activity. While the entire extract also inhibited SIRT6 activity in a cell-based assay, the inhibitory effect of two flavonoids from this extract, quercetin and vitexin, was only detected in vitro. This is the first report on the use of protein-coated magnetic beads for the identification of an active ligand from a botanical matrix, and it sets the basis for the de novo identification of SIRT6 modulators from complex biological mixtures.
Three-dimensional magnetite replicas of pollen particles with tailorable and predictable multimodal adhesion (2014)

Layer-by-layer surface sol-gel chemistry and controlled thermal treatment allow for careful adjustment of the amount, type, and crystal size of iron oxide in pollen replicas, giving the biogenic magnetic particles tunable adhesion characteristics.
Spectral Characteristics of Citrus Greening (Huanglongbing) (2007)

Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as citrus greening is one of the most destructive disease in citrus due to the non-specific nature of disease symptoms and absence of a reliable early detection method, this disease can not identified in trees effectively in the grove. Hyperspectral imaging may have the potential to detect HLB-in at earlier early stages. A FieldSpec spectroradiometer (350-2500 nm) was used to detect HLB-infected trees. Discriminability, spectral derivative analysis and spectral ratio analysis were used to distinguish HLB. It was found that the spectral bands of green to red and near infrared have the ability to discriminate HLB-infected trees from healthy trees. These wavelength regions include green peak wavelengths at around 530-564 nm, 710-715 nm (red edge), and near infrared wavelengths of 1041 nm and 2014 nm.
Study on Multipath Characteristics for IEEE 802.15.4g SUN Applications in the Frequency Band Used in Japan (2010)

This paper proposes the use of a single-carrier PHY employment for IEEE 802.15.4g SUN (smart utility networks) applications in the frequency band used in Japan. The feasibility of the applications is validated by conducting outdoor experiments and computer simulations. In this paper, the feasibility of employing GFSK (Gaussian frequency shift keying) PHY is investigated under the condition of multipath degradation in the assumed service area; here, transmission power and frequency band are assumed to be 10mW and 400MHz, respectively, as per the Japanese regulations. The results of outdoor experiments and computer simulations confirm that no serious multipath degradation occurs in a service area with a radius of a few hundred- meters and that the application of multi-hop transmission technology can drastically improve the frame success rate, which effectively avoids the degraded radio link by multipath.
Endpoint Force Fluctuations Reveal Flexible Rather Than Synergistic Patterns of Muscle Cooperation (2008)

We developed a new approach to investigate how the nervous system activates multiple redundant muscles by studying the endpoint force fluctuations during isometric force generation at a multi-degree-of-freedom joint. We hypothesized that, due to signal-dependent muscle force noise, endpoint force fluctuations would depend on the target direction of index finger force and that this dependence could be used to distinguish flexible from synergistic activation of the musculature. We made high-gain measurements of isometric forces generated to different target magnitudes and directions, in the plane of index finger metacarpophalangeal joint abduction-adduction/flexion-extension. Force fluctuations from each target were used to calculate a covariance ellipse, the shape of which varied as a function of target direction. Directions with narrow ellipses were approximately aligned with the estimated mechanical actions of key muscles. For example, targets directed along the mechanical action of the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) yielded narrow ellipses, with 88% of the variance directed along those target directions. It follows the FDI is likely a prime mover in this target direction and that, at most, 12% of the force variance could be explained by synergistic coupling with other muscles. In contrast, other target directions exhibited broader covariance ellipses with as little as 30% of force variance directed along those target directions. This is the result of cooperation among multiple muscles, based on independent electromyographic recordings. However, the pattern of cooperation across target directions indicates that muscles are recruited flexibly in accordance with their mechanical action, rather than in fixed groupings.