gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Sieve Carbon Permselective Membrane. Part I. Presentation of a New Device for Gas Mixture Separation (1983)

Abstract A molecular sieve carbon membrane (MSCM) that contains no pores greater than those of molecular dimensions was produced by pyrolysis of organic compounds. The MSCM, an outcome of recent studies on molecular sieve carbon adsorbents. shows gas permeabilities and selectivities that are considerably greater than any of the presently known polymer membranes. The permeates examined were He, CO2, O2, N2, and SF6. The pore dimensions of the same starting carbon membrane may be adjusted by simple thermochemical treatments to achieve optimal separation power for any gas mixture composition.
Towards Predictive Real-time Multi-sensors Intrusion Alert Correlation Framework (2015)

Despite of Network Intrusion Detection System/Sensors (NIDSs) deployment in the computer networks to detect various attacks, it raises a serious problem. They generate a high volume of low-quality intrusion alerts when attack scenarios have taken place. Worst, NIDSs cannot extract or even predict sequence of attack scenarios. Thus, alert post-processing or known as Alert Correlation (AC) is much needed to derive current system security. AC aims to identify the complete relationship among intrusion alerts that can reveal the attacker strategy (i.e., sequence of attack scenarios). Current works do not provide attack prediction and proactive actions when attack scenarios were launched. Prediction can assists early warning and prevention to avoid the attack from escalating and damaging the network. In this paper, we highlight the important research problems in developing AC which has motivate us to propose a new AC framework design that include attack prediction and proactive step in a real-time multiple sensors environment. It is worth mentioning that to complement NIDSs in detecting the incoming attacks, intrusion alert prediction is an exploratory area for future research for the purpose of improving the quality of correlation and predicting the next attacker scenario as a proactive step. Keywords: Attack Scenarios Prediction, Intrusion Alert Prediction, Network Security, NIDS, Real-Time Alert Correlation
Functions of vascular wall cells related to development of transplantation-associated coronary arteriosclerosis. (1989)

The accelerated form of arteriosclerosis that occurs in the coronary circulation of transplanted hearts currently presents a major limitation to the long-term success of this therapy. The pathogenesis of this lesion is unclear. Recent advances in vessel wall biology have disclosed interplay between mediators of the immune response and functions of vascular cells of potential significance in the formation of this accelerated form of arterial disease. We hypothesize that the development of accelerated arteriosclerosis in the arteries of transplanted hearts represents a form of chronic immunologic reaction resembling delayed-type hypersensitivity localized in the graft's arteries, a manifestation of cellular immunity mediated in large part by a regionally acting cytokine network. We emphasize the active responses of intrinsic vessel wall cells, including inappropriate expression of HLA and the likely participation of cytokines derived from vascular cells as well as from infiltrating leukocytes in amplification and propagation of this localized chronic immune reaction. This mechanism, which involves helper T cells interacting with class II HLA, may distinguish transplantation-associated arteriosclerosis from typical acute rejection, which may involve primarily cytolytic T cells interacting with class I HLA. Lesions of the common variety of atherosclerosis manifest certain features of immune activation. Therefore, we further hypothesize that the transplantation-associated form represents an extreme case of processes that also contribute to usual coronary atherosclerosis. For this reason, study of the accelerated disease may aid understanding of atherogenesis in general. Unraveling the basic pathobiology of these clinically important arterial diseases should lay the groundwork for rational design of selective therapeutic strategies to prevent or retard their development.
Two Mechanisms for the Recapture of Extracellular G<sub>M2</sub>Activator Protein:  Evidence for a Major Secretory Form of the Protein (1997)

The GM2 activator protein is a small monomeric protein containing a single site for Asn-linked glycosylation. Its only proven in vivo function is to act as a substrate specific cofactor for the hydrolysis of GM2 ganglioside by lysosomal beta-hexosaminidase A. However, we and others have shown it can act as a general glycolipid transporter at neutral pH in vitro. Any other possible in vivo functions would require that some of the newly synthesized activator molecules not be targeted to the lysosome. The lysosomal targeting mechanism for the activator has not been conclusively identified. While earlier reports suggested that it is likely through the mannose-6-phosphate receptor, another more recent report demonstrated that deficient human cells could recapture nonglycosylated, bacterially produced activator, suggesting its use of an alternate targeting pathway. Here, we demonstrate that the mannose-6-phosphate pathway is likely the major intracellular, biosynthetic route to the lysosome, as well as a high affinity recapture pathway for the endocytosis of activator protein from extracellular fluids. Additionally, we show that there exists a second lower affinity recapture pathway that requires its native protein structure, is carbohydrate independent, and likely does not involve its ability to bind glycosphingolipids in the plasma membrane. Finally, we document that the pool of newly synthesized precursor activator protein contains a majority of molecules with a complex-type oligosaccharide, which cannot contain a functional mannose-6-phosphate targeting signal. These molecules makeup the secreted forms of the protein in normal human fibroblasts.
Anticoagulant and antithrombotic action of the synthetic thrombin inhibitor D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine nitrile. (1991)

Anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects of a synthetic thrombin inhibitor of the tripeptide type, D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine nitrile (1), were studied in vitro and in vivo. The anticoagulant action was investigated in common test assays such as thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and thrombelastography. In human plasma 1 caused a concentration-dependent prolongation of coagulation times and influenced the recalcification measured by thrombelastographic recording. In different models of experimental thrombosis in rats the antithrombotic effectiveness of 1 was shown. I.v. infusion of the thrombin inhibitor reduced or prevented the formation of stasis-induced venous thrombi and of arterial thrombi after electrically induced damage of the vessel wall as well as prolonged the time of a thrombotic occlusion of an extracorporeal arterio-venous shunt. At low doses 1 was also effective in thrombin-induced microthrombosis.
Identifying physiologically significant pumping states in implantable rotary blood pumps using non-invasive system observers (2004)

The VentraCor implantable rotary blood pump (IRBP) is a centrifugal pump that uses a hydrodynamic bearing to support its impeller. The speed of the pump may be controlled externally. However, under- or over-pumping can result in severe complications to the patient, so a means to control pump flow within a predefined range is clinically important. In vitro (mock loop) and ex vivo experiments in the sheep (n=3) were conducted. By varying pump speed in the mock loop, five physiologically significant states were identified: regurgitant pump flow, ventricular ejection, full aortic valve closure over the cardiac cycle, intermittent collapse of the ventricle wall, and total collapse of the ventricle. The hypothesis is that by using only the non-invasive measure of instantaneous pump impeller speed to assess flow dynamics and an average flow estimate developed from speed and input power, it is possible to detect the afore-mentioned states. Using a classification and regression tree derived in the mock loop, it was possible to detect pump states with 100% accuracy (0% false-positives and 0% false-negatives) in both the mock loop (under the same and different loading conditions) and in the ex vivo experiments (under pharmacological and other interventions).
A Method of Computational Correction for Optical Distortioin in Head-Mounted Displays (1993)

Optical distortion is one of the optical aberrations of optical systems that do not affect image sharpness. Thus, it can be beneficial to correct optical distortion computationally rather than optically. Computational correction versus optical correction will generally yields lighter optical systems. This is of great importance for head-mounted displays where the weight of the viewer needs to be minimized for efficient performance, safety, and optimum duration of usage. We shall describe in this paper, one method of computational correction that consists in warping polygon vertices. It is the case, however, that the algorithms given can be easily rewritten to handle pixels rather than vertices warpings.
A Multi-Lead Vacuum-Sealed Capacitive Pressure Sensor (1998)

To improve the sensitivity, dynamic range and resolution of capacitive pressure sensors, it is necessary to eliminate the effects of environmental factors such as trapped gas and material thermal mismatches in addition to reducing parasitics. If the desired sensor signal can be amplified in the sealed transducer cavity itself, then the effects of externally-induced noise will be eliminated almost entirely. This work reports a new multi-lead absolute capacitive pressure sensor which lends itself to achieving these goals. The sensor has a resolution of 25mTorr over a pressure range from 500 to 800 Toi;r with a TCO at 750Torr of <1000ppm/C and a TCS of 1350ppm/ C. The parasitic capacitance on individual leads is 500fF, which is an order of magnitude lower than a previously reported vacuum-sealed device [ l]. The new device structure also eliminates the need to protect the outer silicon body when operating in high humidity. The resistances of the lead transfers accessing the sealed cavity are of the order of 50 ohms. The device is completely batch fabricated and provides a general purpose MEMS process for future circuit integration within sealed cavities where moving micromechanical structures are enclosed.
Large-Area Single-Layer MoSe<sub>2</sub> and Its van der Waals Heterostructures (2014)

Layered structures of transition metal dichalcogenides stacked by van der Waals interactions are now attracting the attention of many researchers because they have fascinating electronic, optical, thermoelectric, and catalytic properties emerging at the monolayer limit. However, the commonly used methods for preparing monolayers have limitations of low yield and poor extendibility into large-area applications. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of large-area MoSe2 with high quality and uniformity by selenization of MoO3 via chemical vapor deposition on arbitrary substrates such as SiO2 and sapphire. The resultant monolayer was intrinsically doped, as evidenced by the formation of charged excitons under low-temperature photoluminescence analysis. A van der Waals heterostructure of MoSe2 on graphene was also demonstrated. Interestingly, the MoSe2/graphene heterostructures show strong quenching of the characteristic photoluminescence from MoSe2, indicating the rapid transfer of photogenerated charge carriers between MoSe2 and graphene. The development of highly controlled heterostructures of two-dimensional materials will further promote advances in the physics and chemistry of reduced dimensional systems and will provide novel applications in electronics and optoelectronics.
A more efficient RMI for Java (1999)

Article A more efficient RMI for Java Share on Authors: Christian Nester Computer Science Department, University of Karlsruhe, Germany Computer Science Department, University of Karlsruhe, GermanyView Profile , Michael Philippsen Computer Science Department, University of Karlsruhe, Germany Computer Science Department, University of Karlsruhe, GermanyView Profile , Bernhard Haumacher Computer Science Department, University of Karlsruhe, Germany Computer Science Department, University of Karlsruhe, GermanyView Profile Authors Info & Claims JAVA '99: Proceedings of the ACM 1999 conference on Java GrandeJune 1999 Pages 152–159https://doi.org/10.1145/304065.304117Online:01 June 1999Publication History 98citation1,072DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations98Total Downloads1,072Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Hydrogen Isotope Separation by Self-displacement Chromatography Using Palladium Particles. (2000)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKEYWORDS: displacement chromatographyhydrogen isotopesisotope separationdeuteriumtritiumpalladium
Revisiting radiometric calibration for color computer vision (2011)

We present a study of radiometric calibration and the in-camera imaging process through an extensive analysis of more than 10,000 images from over 30 cameras. The goal is to investigate if image values can be transformed to physically meaningful values and if so, when and how this can be done. From our analysis, we show that the conventional radiometric model fits well for image pixels with low color saturation but begins to degrade as color saturation level increases. This is due to the color mapping process which includes gamut mapping in the in-camera processing that cannot be modeled with conventional methods. To this end, we introduce a new imaging model for radiometric calibration and present an effective calibration scheme that allows us to compensate for the nonlinear color correction to convert non-linear sRGB images to CCD RAW responses.
Interaction of Lipopolysaccharides and Lipid A with Complement (1971)

A number of lipopolysaccharides derived from Salmonella and Escherichia coli S and R mutant strains were tested for toxicity and anticomplementary activity in the absence of added antiserum. Although all preparations were toxic, only a few exhibited high anticomplementary activity, while others proved to be of low or negligible activity. It was found that isolated lipid A from both active and inactive lipopolysaccharides was strongly anticomplementary as well as toxic, when made water‐soluble with the aid of suitable carriers. Treatment of R form lipopoly‐saccharide with Mg 2+ or Ca 2+ led to complete precipitation of the lipopolysaccharide with consequent loss of toxicity and anticomplementary activity. This treatment had practically no effect on the anticomplementary activity and toxicity of S form lipopolysaccharides. When lipopolysaccharide, after reaction with complement, was reisolated and purified, the resulting preparation was found to be non‐toxic and of negligible anticomplementary activity. No detectable alterations in either the sugar or the fatty acid composition could be detected. The only significant change was the loss of solubility in water. Treatment of the reisolated lipopolysaccharide with EDTA completely restored solubility in water, toxicity, and anti‐complementary activity.
High-frequency self-aligned graphene transistors with transferred gate stacks (2012)

Graphene has attracted enormous attention for radio-frequency transistor applications because of its exceptional high carrier mobility, high carrier saturation velocity, and large critical current density. Herein we report a new approach for the scalable fabrication of high-performance graphene transistors with transferred gate stacks. Specifically, arrays of gate stacks are first patterned on a sacrificial substrate, and then transferred onto arbitrary substrates with graphene on top. A self-aligned process, enabled by the unique structure of the transferred gate stacks, is then used to position precisely the source and drain electrodes with minimized access resistance or parasitic capacitance. This process has therefore enabled scalable fabrication of self-aligned graphene transistors with unprecedented performance including a record-high cutoff frequency up to 427 GHz. Our study defines a unique pathway to large-scale fabrication of high-performance graphene transistors, and holds significant potential for future application of graphene-based devices in ultra-high-frequency circuits.
CD138 (Syndecan-1), a Plasma Cell Marker (2004)

We evaluated the immunohistochemical profile and specificity of CD138 reactivity in 238 specimens from hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic neoplasms. In 91 bone marrow biopsies, CD138 reactivity was observed for nonneoplastic plasma cells, neoplastic plasma cells in multiple myeloma cases (43/43), and the plasmacytic component in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma cases (4/4). Stromal reactivity was noted in 7 multiple myeloma cases. Of 9 bone marrow specimens involved by metastatic carcinoma, tumor cells were CD138+ in 5 cases; stromal reactivity was noted in 7 cases. Studies of 76 nodal and extranodal lymphomas (B-cell, 49; T-cell, 8; Hodgkin lymphoma, 19), 1 Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and 14 nonneoplastic lymph nodes revealed CD138 reactivity only for nonneoplastic plasma cells, the neoplastic cells of 2 large B-cell lymphomas (immunoblastic type, plasmacytoid features), and the clonal plasmacytic component of 3 of 3 extranodal and 1 nodal marginal zone lymphoma. Evaluation of 56 epithelial and nonepithelial tumors revealed CD138 positivity for neoplastic cells of carcinomas of various types (30/33), frequently with associated stromal reactivity, and for neoplasms of mesenchymal, melanocytic, and other tumor types (12/23). Within the hematopoietic system, CD138 is an excellent marker of plasmacytic differentiation. Based on its broad staining profile, CD138 reactivity for neoplastic cells is not a definitive marker for plasmacytic derivation, unless a hematolymphoid origin has been established.
Modeling electromagnetic effects in capacitive discharges (2008)

We present a self-consistent two-dimensional axisymmetric model and simulation strategy to predict radial plasma uniformity in large-area high-frequency (up to 200 MHz) capacitive discharges of argon gas in the pressure range 2–150 mTorr. The model couples Maxwell equations, fluid plasma equations and a sheath model with stochastic heating effects taken into account, solving the equations using the finite element method. Electromagnetic effects (e.g. standing wave and skin effects) as well as the electrostatic edge effect are captured in the simulation, in good agreement with recent experiments. The model highlights differences between the edge effect and the skin effect, both of which can cause strong plasma production near the radial reactor edge. At higher frequencies and high pressures, we observe the 'stop band' where waves are highly damped as they propagate from the discharge edge into the center. We determine the transition from global-to-local power deposition as the pressure varies. An electrode asymmetry with a grounded reactor radial edge is found to suppress undesirable edge effects. For radial plasma uniformity, it is essential to consider the balancing of the standing wave effect (maximal at the reactor center) with the skin effect (maximal near the radial reactor edge), together with their coupling to the edge effect, which can be obtained by a choice of robust reactor design geometry and driving frequency, over the range of process parameter operating windows to be used.
Fabrication of cefuroxime-impregnated calcium sulfate: Polycaprolactone composite implant for osteomyelitis (2009)

Osteomyelitis is characterized as an inflammatory bone disease caused by pyrogenic bacteria. As oral bioavailabilities of antibiotics are low, a regimen of 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotic is necessary for adequate therapy. Although the dose of antibiotic administered systemically is high, therapeutically effective drug concentrations are not always achieved at the site of infection. This problem can be overcome by the use of local antibiotics from a biodegradable implant for chronic osteomyelitis that can deliver the drug at least for 6 weeks.The implant delivers high antibiotic concentration at tissue levels, obliterates dead space, aids bone repair and does not need to be removed. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a calcium sulfate and polycaprolactone (PCL)-based composite biodegradable implantable delivery system of cefuroxime for the localized treatment of osteomyelitis that can deliver the drug for at least 6 weeks.The PCL and calcium sulfate composite system has not been studied yet. Interaction studies were carried out to check any incompatibility between the ingredients. Implants were prepared by a modified fabrication technique to avoid solvent use. The prepared implants were evaluated for various in vitro parameters like dimensions, hardness, tensile strength, drug release profile, sterility test and morphological changes in pellet before and after drug release. The pellets were also tested for microbiological efficacy and compared with a plain drug solution in different concentrations. Developed pellets are regular in shape and size with good tensile strength. The release profile displayed drug levels above the minimum inhibitory concentration continuously for up to 2 months. A wide zone of inhibition by the pellet against Staphylococcus aureus as compared with the drug solution proves its efficacy in the treatment of osteomyelitis. Results show that the developed calcium sulfate and PCL-based composite biodegradable implantable delivery system of cefuroxime is a good alternate system and can deliver the drug for more than 6 weeks, maintaining an adequate inhibitory concentration at the site.
Three-dimensional semi-automated segmentation of carotid atherosclerosis from three-dimensional ultrasound images (2012)

Three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) provides non-invasive and precise measurements of carotid atherosclerosis that directly reflects arterial wall abnormalities that are thought to be related to stroke risk. Here we describe a threedimensional segmentation method based on the sparse field level set method to automate the segmentation of the mediaadventitia (MAB) and lumen-intima (LIB) boundaries of the common carotid artery from 3DUS images. To initiate the process, an expert chooses four anchor points on each boundary on a subset of transverse slices that are orthogonal to the axis of the artery. An initial surface is generated using the anchor points as initial guess for the segmentation. The MAB is segmented first using five energies: length minimization energy, local region-based energy, edge-based energy, anchor point-based energy, and local smoothness energy. Five energies are also used for the LIB segmentation: length minimization energy, local region-based energy, global region-based energy, anchor point-based energy, and boundary separation-based energy. The algorithm was evaluated with respect to manual segmentations on a slice-by-slice basis using 15 3DUS images. To generate results in this paper, inter-slice distance of 2 mm is used for the initialization. For the MAB and LIB segmentations, our method yielded Dice coefficients of more than 92% and sub-millimeter values for mean and maximum absolute distance errors. Our method also yielded a vessel wall volume error of 7.1% ± 3.4%. The realization of a semi-automated algorithm will aid in the translation of 3DUS measurements to clinical research for the rapid, non-invasive, and economical monitoring of atherosclerotic disease.