gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generalized Coating Route to Silica and Titania Films with Orthogonally Tilted Cylindrical Nanopore Arrays (2006)

We describe a simple, inexpensive coating method to produce thin silica and titania films with surfactant templated, orthogonally tilted cylindrical nanopore arrays. These films can be deposited onto any substrate because orientation of the 2D hexagonally close packed (HCP) mesophases out of the plane of the film is directed by a chemically neutral sacrificial copolymer layer. Orientation of the HCP mesophases through the entire thickness of films cured in open air is achieved by limiting the coating thickness. This generalizes the coating method by making it possible to deposit oriented films on substrates of any curvature and size. We find a critical thickness between 70 and 100 nm, below which the triblock copolymer surfactant-templated HCP phase aligns completely out of the plane of glass and silicon wafer substrates. Above this thickness, the effect of the chemically neutral bottom layer does not propagate across the entire film, and alignment of the HCP mesophases parallel to the (nonpolar) air interface produces a mixed orientation.
Human Papillomavirus Infection in Women Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (1998)

Background Among women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), there is a high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. However, little is known about the natural history of HPV infections in HIV-seropositive women, and persistent HPV infections may explain the increased risk of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions and invasive cervical cancer in HIV-seropositive women. Methods A total of 220 HIV-seropositive and 231 HIV-seronegative women in the New York City area were evaluated at two or more semiannual gynecologic examinations that included a Pap test, a test for HPV DNA, and colposcopy. Results HPV DNA was detected at the initial examination in 56 percent of the HIV-seropositive and 31 percent of the HIV-seronegative women. After four examinations, the cumulative prevalence of HPV infection was 83 percent in the seropositive women and 62 percent in the seronegative women (P<0.001). Persistent HPV infections were found in 24 percent of the seropositive women but in only 4...
<title>Optical fiber-coupled variable attenuator using a MARS modulator</title> (1997)

Opto-mechanical fiber-optic attenuators are bulky and slow. The MARS (mechanical anti-reflection switch) modulator offers a high-speed alternative, with less than 10 microsecond response and 30 dB analog dynamic range. This talk describes a compact low-loss package with separate input and output fibers held in a single ceramic ferrule, a tiny (0.5 X 1 mm) gradient index lens, and a reflective MARS modulator in the collimated beam plane. This component has applications in telecommunications for line build out and dynamic amplifier gain control.
Kinetics of α-amylase secretion in Aspergillus oryzae (1999)

Pulse and pulse-chase experiments have been performed to study L-[35S] methionine incorporation and protein secretion kinetics in Aspergillus oryzae. Pulse experiments confirmed the mechanism of methionine uptake reported previously for Penicillium chrysogenum (Benko et al., 1967). Pulse-chase experiments were carried out to investigate the α-amylase secretion kinetics in A. oryzae. No unglycosylated α-amylase was detected neither intracellularly nor extracellularly demonstrating that glycosylation was not the rate controlling step in the secretory pathway. The pulse chase experiments indicated that there are two pools of intracellular α-amylase: a fast secreted and a slow secreted. The secretion of those two pools were described with a kinetic model, which was fitted to the pulse chase experiments. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 65: 76–82, 1999.
A new coiled hollow‐fiber module design for enhanced microfiltration performance in biotechnology (1999)

The microfiltration performance of a novel membrane module design with helically wound hollow fibers is compared with that obtained with a standard commercial-type crossflow module containing linear hollow fibers. Cell suspensions (yeast, E. coli, and mammalian cell cultures) commonly clarified in the biotechnology industry are used for this comparison. The effect of variables such as transmembrane pressure, particle suspension concentration, and feed flow rate on membrane performance is evaluated. Normalized permeation fluxes versus flow rate or Dean number behave according to a heat transfer correlation obtained with centrifugal instabilities of the Taylor type. The microfiltration performance of this new module design, which uses secondary flows in helical tubes, is significantly better than an equivalent current commercial crossflow module when filtering suspensions relevant to the biotechnology industry. Flux and capacity improvements of up to 3.2-fold (constant transmembrane pressure operation) and 3.9-fold (constant flux operation), respectively, were obtained with the helical module over those for the linear module. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 65: 247–257, 1999.
Design and Implementation of Scalable QoS Policy Management System (2015)

Around how to design policy-based network management system of QoS, this paper proposed a system architecture with the QoS policy conflict detection and digestion function, it is named scalable QoS policy management framework (SPM). The SPM can conduct QoS policy deployment and management, it is transparent and scalable. This article firstly provided an overview for every functional module of the SPM framework, then conducted a detailed description about key technology, at last we gave an evaluation to the SPM through comparing to IETF framework.
Sensor-enhanced imaging (2013)

Most approaches to spatial image management involve GPS or image processing. In this thesis, a sensor-focused alternative is explored. It requires user and camera tracking, particularly challenging in indoor environments. \n\nPossible indoor tracking methods are evaluated and pedestrian dead reckoning is selected. A study is conducted to evaluate sensors and choose a combination for pedestrian and camera tracking. Gyroscope and accelerometer offer comparable step detection performance, with gyroscope and tilt compensated compass providing heading data. \n\nImages taken from the same viewpoint are successfully arranged using panorama stitching without any image processing. The results compare favourably to conventional methods. While lacking visual definition of image processing methods, they can complement them if used in tandem. \n\nSensor compositing and pedestrian tracking are implemented in a unified system. Several methods for fusing compass and gyroscope data are compared, but do not produce statistically significant improvement over using just the compass. The system achieves loop closure accuracy of 91% of path length and performs consistently across multiple participants. \n\nThe final system can be used in GPS-denied locations and presents an image content independent way of managing photographs. It contributes to pedestrian tracking and image composting fields and has potential commercial uses (illustrated by an example Android app).
Synthesis of Aromatic Anion Exchange Membranes by Friedel–Crafts Bromoalkylation and Cross-Linking of Polystyrene Block Copolymers (2019)

Elastomeric anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were prepared by acid-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts alkylation of the polystyrene block of polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-polystyrene (SEBS) using bromoalkylated tertiary alcohols and triflic acid as a catalyst, followed by amination with trimethylamine. This simple one-step bromoalkylation allowed convenient control of both the degree of functionalization and cation tether length by changing the molar ratio and the structure of the bromoalkylated tertiary alcohol. The resulting quaternary ammonium-functionalized ionic triblock SEBS copolymers showed a microphase-separated morphology on the 35 nm length scale. A series of AEMs with different ion exchange capacities and ion tether lengths were systematically investigated by comparing swelling and anion conductivity. Because the SEBS AEMs showed high swelling and low dimensional stability in water due to the rubbery nature of SEBS, the hard segment PS units were cross-linked by 1,6-hexanediamine for practical use. The cross-linking of SEBS AEMs reduced water uptake significantly (e.g., 155% vs 28%) and enhanced their mechanical properties. Because the backbone of the SEBS AEMs are composed of all carbon–carbon bonds, they showed good alkaline stability, preserving their IEC and OH– conductivity after testing in a 1 M NaOH solution at 80 °C for 500 h. Alkaline membrane fuel cell performance was evaluated with the cross-linked SEBS AEM, and a peak power density of 520 mW/cm2 was achieved at 60 °C under H2/O2 conditions.
A Multiobjective Methodology for Selecting Subsystem Automation Options (1986)

When designing large-scale systems, managers and engineers must often balance the desire for optimality with the need for analytic tractability. When new technologies are involved the problem may be further complicated by the need to conduct local tradeoffs among risk, cost, and time factors. In order to formally deal with these issues, this paper presents a decomposition scheme in which individual subsystems may be evaluated separately and a representative set of alternatives obtained for each. In the development, a set of multiple objectives is introduced to account for the range of organizational priorities underlying the decision making process. Pareto-optimal solutions are then found with a general purpose parametric programming algorithm and ranked with the help of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The methodology is demonstrated with an example centering on the selection of automation options for the upcoming Space Station, but is general enough to be applicable to the design of any complex system.
A Sub-0.3 V Area-Efficient L-Shaped 7T SRAM With Read Bitline Swing Expansion Schemes Based on Boosted Read-Bitline, Asymmetric-V$_{\rm TH}$ Read-Port, and Offset Cell VDD Biasing Techniques (2013)

In previous SRAM designs, reducing minimum operating voltage (VDDmin) inevitably resulted in devices with a large cell area (A). This work proposes an L-shaped 7T cell (L7T) and read-bitline (RBL) swing expansion scheme (RBL-EXPD) to minimize A <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">*</sub> VDDmin for low-voltage applications. This L7T features an area-efficient cell layout and a read-disturb free decoupled 1T read port (RP) capable of providing a wide space for write margin improvement. The RBL-EXPD employs (1) boosted RBL (BRBL), (2) 1T-RP with asymmetric-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> , (AV-1TRP) and (3) offset cell-VDD biasing (OFS-CVDD) to expand RBL swing in both the upward and downward directions securing both `High' and `Low' sensing margins. A 65 nm 256-row 32 Kb L7T SRAM macro-fabricated using BRBL and AVTH-RP achieved a 260 mV VDDmin. The resulting A <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">*</sub> VDDmin is ~50% lower than that of conventional 8T SRAM devices.
Single-chip gigabit mixed-version IP router on Virtex-II Pro (2003)

This paper concerns novel single-chip system architecture options, based on the Xilinx Virtex-II Pro part, which includes up to four PowerPC cores and was launched in Spring 2002. The research described here was carried out pre-launch (i.e., prior to availability of real parts), so the paper focuses on initial architectural experiments based on simulation. The application is a Mixed-version IP Router, named MIR, servicing gigabit ethernet ports. This would be of use to organizations with several gigabit ethernets, with a mixture of IPv4 and IPv6 hosts and routers attached directly to the networks. A particular benefit of a programmable approach based on Virtex-II Pro is that the router's functions can evolve smoothly, maintaining router performance as the organization migrates from IPv4 to IPv6 internally, and also as the Internet migrates externally. The basic aim is to carry out more frequent, and less control intensive, functions in logic, and other functions in the processor. Two prototypes are described here. Both support four ethernet ports, but the designs are scalable upwards. The second one, the more ambitious of the two, instantiates a configuration appropriate when the bulk of the incoming packets are IPv4. Such packets are processed and switched entirely by logic, with no internal copying of packets between buffers and virtually no delay between packet receipt and onward forwarding. This involves a specially-tailored internal interconnection network between the four ports, and also processing performed in parallel with packet receipt, i.e. multi-threading in logic. IPv6 packets, or some rare IPv4 cases, are passed to a PowerPC core for processing. In essence, the PowerPC acts as a slave to the logic, rather than the more common opposite master-slave relationship.
Near Optimal PRT Set Selection Algorithm for Tone Reservation in OFDM Systems (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In the tone reservation (TR) scheme, it is known that finding the optimal peak reduction tone (PRT) set is equivalent to solving the secondary peak minimization problem. However, this problem cannot be solved for the practical number of tones because it is nondeterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard. In this paper, two efficient methods for selecting a near optimal PRT set are proposed. The first method is a random search algorithm with reduced computational complexity based on the observation that the secondary peak value of the time domain kernel, which is obtained by inverse fast Fourier transforming the characteristic sequence of the PRT set, statistically tends to decrease as the variance of the time domain kernel decreases. The second method is a deterministic selection algorithm using the cyclic difference set. The near optimality of these methods is confirmed through the numerical analysis. </para>
Silicon solid-state small satellite design based on IC and MEMS (2002)

Silicon solid-state small satellite (or nano satellite) is a new kind of aerospace aircraft, which adopts ideas greatly different from the conventional method. The small satellite is composed of ASIMs, which make the conventional complex system into a single system with IC and MEMS technologies. The fundamental principle of how to improve the silicon-solid state small satellite is discussed, as well as its application in special data store and forward communication. We also introduce our research on MEMS application in space. A practical design of a data communication nano satellite about 15 kG in weight and 10 inch in line length is also given.
Structural Characteristics of Kidney Bean Starch (1996)

Some structural characteristics of kidney bean starches (3 varieties : Pink kidney bean, Red kidney bean and White kidney bean) were investigated. The amylose content and the -amylolysis limit of kidney bean starches were and , respectively. The kidney bean amylopectin was composed of super long chain of above 60 (), B chain of and A chain of The chain distribution of kidney bean starches were different from variety to variety. The acid (2.2 NHCI) hydrolysis of kidney bean starches showed, as hydrolysis time increased, the patterns of three stages. The acid hydrolysis rate and iodine reaction of acid treated starches were different from variety to variety As acid hydrolysis time increased, the amylose and the -1.6-glucosidic linkage of amylopectin of amorphous state were gradually hydrolyzed. Finally, the chain of 20 of crystalline state was left in the acid treated starches.
Giant magnetoresistance and anomalous Hall effect in Co-Ag and Fe-Cu, Ag, Au, Pt granular alloys (1993)

Magnetotransport and magnetic properties are studied in Co-Ag and Fe-Cu, Ag, Au, Pt alloys. In every system except Fe-Pt, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed. The GMR effect is characterized as the volume fraction of the magnetic particles and the particle size are varied. Anomalous Hall effects are observed, and other transport parameters obtained in these systems are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Organizational Identification in Executives Of A Steel Company in Central India (2013)

Organizational identification is a psychological construct that links the employees with their organization when they identify with beliefs, values and principles practiced by the organization. The construct Organizational identification is gaining importance in organizations to predict employee behavior and intentions. Through this paper a study of organizational identification of executives of a steel company in central India has been presented. The study was conducted across three variables-age, designation of executives and their experience in the current organization. A brief literature review on organizational identification has also been presented.
Valid publication of the names Torrenticola and T. queenslandica (Podostemaceae) (1989)

Aston, Helen I. Valid publication of the names Torrenticola and T. queenslandica (Podostemaceae).
APAS: the Ada Programming Assistant System (2003)

The authors describe a software engineering tool named Ada Programming Assistant System (APAS). The purpose of this tool is to aid a software designer or maintainer working on a large Ada program. APAS manages two kinds of program database, global and local, and provides convenient commands for retrieving information from these program databases. Using these program databases APAS improves the reusability and understandability of software. The authors introduce the C Information Abstractor System, which they have found to be a very useful tool but one in need of some improvement, especially to increase reusability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Transmission and Clinical Features of Enterovirus 71 Infections in Household Contacts in Taiwan (2004)

Enterovirus 71 household transmission rates were high for children in Taiwan and severe disease with serious complications, sequelae, and death occurred frequently. In contrast, adults had a much lower rate of acquisition of the infection and much less adverse sequelae.
Solid–liquid equilibria in mixtures of molten salt hydrates for the design of heat storage materials (2002)

Abstract Enthalpy of melting can be used to store heat in a simple way for time periods of hours and days. Knowledge of the solid –liquid equilibria represents the most important presumption for systematic evaluations of the suitability of hydrated salt mixtures. In this paper, two approaches for predicting solid–liquid equilibria in ternary or higher component systems are discussed using the limited amount of thermodynamic data available for such systems. One method is based on the modified Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) model as formulated by Ally and Braunstein. In cases of a strong tendency toward complex formation of salt components, the BET model is no longer applicable. Reaction chain models have been used to treat such systems. Thereby, the reaction chain represents a method to correlate step-wise hydration or complexation enthalpies and entropies and, thus, reduce the number of adjustable parameters. Results are discussed for systems containing MgCl 2 , CaCl 2 , ZnCl 2 , and alkali metal chlorides.
Activation of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase by Oxidized LDL in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1999)

Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) have been shown to play a crucial role in atherosclerosis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood. The present study showed that oxLDL strongly evoked phosphorylation and activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in concentration- and time-dependent manners, reaching the maximal activation at 100 microg/mL within 5 minutes. The results from immunofluorescence staining also revealed that p38 MAPK was activated by oxLDL in 5 minutes, and the activated p38 MAPK was translocated from cytoplasm to nucleus of VSMCs in 15 minutes. Activation of p38 MAPK by oxLDL was apparently not mediated by their classical scavenger receptors and was not affected by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, activation of p38 MAPK was effectively blocked by pretreatment with pertussis toxin and was significantly reduced by phospholipase C inhibitor U-73122. OxLDL also inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation and increased inositol phosphate formation. More interestingly, inhibition of p38 MAPK by its specific inhibitor SB203580 significantly blocked oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity (increased leakage of cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase to the culture medium, reduced [3H]thymidine incorporation, and attenuated mitochondrial metabolism of tetrazolium salt, (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-s ulfophenyl)- 2H-tetrazolium), MTS) in VSMCs, and pretreatment with pertussis toxin also inhibited oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity. Taken together, our data clearly demonstrated that oxLDL effectively activated p38 MAPK in VSMCs, which was likely mediated via pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins, and the p38 activation was functionally associated with oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity in VSMCs.
Electrical characteristics of MOSFET's utilizing Oxygen&#8212;Argon sputter-deposited gate Oxide films (1987)

This paper presents a detailed look at the electrical characteristics of MOSFET's utilizing oxygen-argon sputter-deposited gate-oxide films for low-temperature MOSFET fabrication. The gate-oxide films are deposited at low temperature (200°C) by oxygen-argon sputtering of an SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> target. The MOSFET's so formed are confirmed to have triode characteristics. Moreover, oxygen mixing makes it possible to considerably improve the MOSFET field-effect mobility and subthreshold slope over those of argon-only sputter-deposited film to 700 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /V's and 170 mV/decade. These improvements are found to be caused by the remarkable reduction in surface-state density. These results confirm the usefulness of oxygen-argon sputter-deposited gate-oxide films for MOSFET fabrication at low temperature.
Electronic Structure, Total Energies, and Abundances of the Elementary Point Defects in GaAs (1985)

The electronic structure and total energies of eight elementary isolated-${T}_{d}$-site point defects in GaAs have been calculated with use of the self-consistent Green's-function technique. We evaluate reaction energies and from these, using simple thermodynamic considerations, we predict which native defects should be abundant in As-rich or Ga-rich and in $n$-type or $p$-type material. Comparison with available experiments confirms our findings.
A Facile and Practical Synthesis of 1-Aryl-3,3,3-trifluoropropynes (1989)

Abstract A facile and practical method for the synthesis of ArC≡CCF3 is described which involves (1) conversion of aldehydes ArCHO into ArCH=CClCF3 with 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, zinc powder, and acetic anhydride in one-pot and (2) dehydrochlorination with sodium t-butoxide or sodium amide/t-butyl alcohol.