gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Research Papers : Formation and Properties of Mg-Cu-(Si , Ge) Amorphous Alloys (1997)

Mg-Cu-Si과 Mg-Cu-Ge계 3원 합금에서 비정질 생성범위와 열적, 기계적 성질을 조사하였다. Mg-Cu-Si계에서는 15∼45%Cu, 0∼10%Si, Mg-Cu-Ge계에서는 15∼45%Cu, 0∼5%Ge의 조성범위에서 각각 비정질 단상이 생성되었고, 15∼22.5%Cu, 2.5%Si(or Ge)의 조성범위에서 생성되는 비정질상은 180도 밀착굽힘을 하여도 파단되지 않는 양호한 인성을 가지고 있었으며, Mg_(82.5)Cu_(15)Ge_(2.5)비정질합금의 최대인장강도는 800 MPa로 결정질 Mg기 합금의 최대치인 300 MPa에 비해 월등히 높은 값을 나타내었다. 그러고 비정질합금의 결정화는 다음과 같은 과정으로 일어났다. 1) Si(or Ge)≤2.5%: 비정질→비정질+Mg₂Cu+Mg→Mg₂Cu+Mg+Mg₂Si(or Ge), 2) Si(or Ge)=5%: 비정질→Mg₂Cu+Mg+Mg₂Si(or Ge), 3) Si=10%: 비정질→비정질+Mg₂Si→Mg₂Si+Mg₂Cu+Mg.
A study of image colourfulness (2014)

Colourfulness is often thought of as a mere measure of quantity of colour, but user studies suggest that there are more factors influencing the perception of colourfulness. Boosting and enhancing colours are operations often performed for improving image aesthetics, but the relationship between colourfulness and aesthetics has not been thoroughly explored. By gathering perceptual data from a large-scale user study we have shown how existing colourfulness metrics relate to it and that there is no direct linear dependence between colourfulness and aesthetics but correlations arise for different image categories such as: "landscape", "abstract" or "macro".
Ningalins A−D:  Novel Aromatic Alkaloids from a Western Australian Ascidian of the Genus <i>Didemnum</i> (1997)

Four aromatic alkaloids, ningalins A-D (1-4), three of which possess new carbon skeletons, were isolated from an undescribed ascidian of the genus Didemnumcollected in Western Australia near Ningaloo Reef. The structures of these new alkaloids were elucidated by interpretation of overall spectral data and by 2D NMR correlation methods. Ningalins A-D are composed of C(18), C(25), C(32), and C(40) condensed aromatic systems with the unifying theme that all appear derived via the condensation of the amino acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). In these highly condensed alkaloids, steric crowding forces several catechol rings into twisted configurations, resulting in unexpected shielding and deshielding of several proton shifts in their NMR spectra. Because the ningalins are related to other metal binding o-catechols, it is conceivable that they too participate in the metal chelation phenomena characteristic of this class of marine invertebrates.
Rings are 'round for good! (1987)

The author examines two broadly supported ring designs, IEEE 802.5 and the Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), X3T9.5 currently emerging as local area network (LAN) standards, and explores the basis of this interest in ring topologies. The advantages that ring designs offer are presented, and on this basis a proliferation of rings is envisioned for the next decade.
Quasi-Random Methods for Estimating Integrals Using Relatively Small Samples (1994)

Much of the recent work dealing with quasi-random methods has been aimed at establishing the best possible asymptotic rates of convergence to zero of the error resulting when a finite-dimensional integral is replaced by a finite sum of integrand values. In contrast with this perspective to concentrate on asymptotic convergence rates, this paper emphasizes quasi-random methods that are effective for all sample sizes. Throughout the paper, the problem of estimating finite-dimensional integrals is used to illustrate the major ideas, although much of what is done applies equally to the problem of solving certain Fredholm integral equations. Some new techniques, based on error-reducing transformations of the integrand, are described that have been shown to be useful both in estimating high-dimensional integrals and in solving integral equations. These techniques illustrate the utility of carrying over to the quasi-Monte Carlo method certain devices that have proven to be very valuable in statistical (pseudorandom) Monte Carlo applications.
The Reaction of Hydrazoic Acid with the Naphthoquinones (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Hydrazoic Acid with the NaphthoquinonesLouis F. Fieser and Jonathan L. HartwellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 8, 1482–1484Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01311a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01311a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views700Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Computationally Assisted Design of Polarizing Agents for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced NMR: The AsymPol Family (2018)

We introduce a new family of highly efficient polarizing agents for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) applications, composed of asymmetric bis-nitroxides, in which a piperidine-based radical and a pyrrolinoxyl or a proxyl radical are linked together. The design of the AsymPol family was guided by the use of advanced simulations that allow computation of the impact of the radical structure on DNP efficiency. These simulations suggested the use of a relatively short linker with the intention to generate a sizable intramolecular electron dipolar coupling/ J-exchange interaction, while avoiding parallel nitroxide orientations. The characteristics of AsymPol were further tuned, for instance with the addition of a conjugated carbon-carbon double bond in the 5-membered ring to improve the rigidity and provide a favorable relative orientation, the replacement of methyls by spirocyclohexanolyl groups to slow the electron spin relaxation, and the introduction of phosphate groups to yield highly water-soluble dopants. An in-depth experimental and theoretical study for two members of the family, AsymPol and AsymPolPOK, is presented here. We report substantial sensitivity gains at both 9.4 and 18.8 T. The robust efficiency of this new family is further demonstrated through high-resolution surface characterization of an important industrial catalyst using fast sample spinning at 18.8 T. This work highlights a new direction for polarizing agent design and the critical importance of computations in this process.
Extending Work Queue of HCA Endpoint Using Software Work Queue Approach: Experimental Evaluation with uDAPL (2011)

With an ever increasing demand for computing power, number of nodes to be deployed in a high performance cluster is increasing. This has put stress on various hardware resources like endpoints (equivalent to Queue Pairs), memory etc. One of the factors limiting number of endpoints with a Host Channel Adaptor (HCA) is the amount of total descriptor space available in the form of on-board memory. For the same amount of descriptor space available, number of endpoints supported by an HCA is inversely proportional to the depth of work queue (WQ) for an endpoint (EP). Therefore to support more number of endpoints, depth of WQ has to be decreased. In this paper, we present an optimal approach of extending WQ using Software Work Queue (SWQ). SWQ is an extension to the work queue of EP on HCA. It provides a larger pool of descriptors (i.e. work requests) per EP to an application (e.g. uDAPL application, MPI library) than that available in the hardware. The advantage of this technique lies in the fact that more number of endpoints are supported by HCA without costing the depth of the WQ. Experimental evaluation suggests positive impact as requests in SWQ are given to hardware work queue (HWQ) as soon as it gets depleted.
A General Formation of Quinone Imines and Quinone Imine Acetals: An Efficient Synthesis of 5-Oxygenated Indoles (1992)

A general and high-yield synthesis of benzoquinone imines and benzoquinone imine monoacetals leading to 5-oxygenated indoles was developed
Distributed Ultrasonic Zoned Presence Sensing System (2013)

We present a zoned presence detection system using multiple ultrasonic array sensors. In active mode, sensors transmit consecutive bursts of sinusoidal pulses over a transmission slot in a time-division multiplexed manner. We present a transmission slot synchronization method to maintain assigned transmission slots of each sensor. The proposed method is distributed and does not rely on a central coordinator or unique identifiers for the sensors. In a transmission slot, the corresponding receiver array uses moving target processing on received echoes to derive range and direction-of-arrival, defining a zone. A tracking algorithm is used to make the zoned presence detection more robust. The presented methods are evaluated using ceiling-installed ultrasonic linear array sensors in an experimental office setup.
Ultrawide 75-nm 3-dB gain-band optical amplification with erbium-doped fluoride fiber amplifiers and distributed Raman amplifiers (1998)

An extremely large 3-dB gain-bandwidth of 75 nm (1531-1606 nm) is achieved with a partially gain-flattened erbium-doped fluoride fiber amplifier and a distributed Raman amplifier. The Raman amplifier consists of a 85-km dispersion-shifted fiber (transmission fiber) and a practical 1505-nm Fabry-Perot laser diode pump. 9/spl times/2.5 Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transmission is successfully demonstrated using two 75-nm gain-band amplifiers as in-line and preamplifiers.
Neighborhood-Centric Congestion Control for Multihop Wireless Mesh Networks (2011)

Complex interference in static multihop wireless mesh networks can adversely affect transport protocol performance. Since TCP does not explicitly account for this, starvation and unfairness can result from the use of TCP over such networks. In this paper, we explore mechanisms for achieving fair and efficient congestion control for multihop wireless mesh networks. First, we design an AIMD-based rate-control protocol called Wireless Control Protocol (WCP), which recognizes that wireless congestion is a neighborhood phenomenon, not a node-local one, and appropriately reacts to such congestion. Second, we design a distributed rate controller that estimates the available capacity within each neighborhood and divides this capacity to contending flows, a scheme we call Wireless Control Protocol with Capacity estimation (WCPCap). Using analysis, simulations, and real deployments, we find that our designs yield rates that are both fair and efficient. WCP assigns rates inversely proportional to the number of bottlenecks a flow passes through while remaining extremely easy to implement. An idealized version of WCPCap is max-min fair, whereas a practical implementation of the scheme achieves rates within 15% of the max-min optimal rates while still being distributed and amenable to real implementation.
IEEE 1149.6: a boundary-scan standard for advanced digital networks (2003)

AC-coupled high-speed differential signals have been a hole in the IEEE 1149.1 boundary-scan standard since its inception. In May 2001, a group formed to address this problem, resulting in the IEEE 1149.6 standard. Several members of the IEEE 1149.6 working group describe how the standard works and how it can test Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel and more.
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Autosomal Dominant Form of Progressive Hearing Loss, DFNA2 (2010)

Despite advances in identifying deafness genes, determination of the underlying cellular and functional mechanisms for auditory diseases remains a challenge. Mutations of the human K(+) channel hKv7.4 lead to post-lingual progressive hearing loss (DFNA2), which affects world-wide population with diverse racial backgrounds. Here, we have generated the spectrum of point mutations in the hKv7.4 that have been identified as diseased mutants. We report that expression of five point mutations in the pore region, namely L274H, W276S, L281S, G285C, and G296S, as well as the C-terminal mutant G321S in the heterologous expression system, yielded non-functional channels because of endoplasmic reticulum retention of the mutant channels. We mimicked the dominant diseased conditions by co-expressing the wild-type and mutant channels. As compared with expression of wild-type channel alone, the blend of wild-type and mutant channel subunits resulted in reduced currents. Moreover, the combinatorial ratios of wild type:mutant and the ensuing current magnitude could not be explained by the predictions of a tetrameric channel and a dominant negative effect of the mutant subunits. The results can be explained by the dependence of cell surface expression of the mutant on the wild-type subunit. Surprisingly, a transmembrane mutation F182L, which has been identified in a pre-lingual progressive hearing loss patient in Taiwan, yielded cell surface expression and functional features that were similar to that of the wild type, suggesting that this mutation may represent redundant polymorphism. Collectively, these findings provide traces of the cellular mechanisms for DFNA2.
Reducing the effort of bug report triage (2011)

A key collaborative hub for many software development projects is the bug report repository. Although its use can improve the software development process in a number of ways, reports added to the repository need to be triaged. A triager determines if a report is meaningful. Meaningful reports are then organized for integration into the project's development process. To assist triagers with their work, this article presents a machine learning approach to create recommenders that assist with a variety of decisions aimed at streamlining the development process. The recommenders created with this approach are accurate; for instance, recommenders for which developer to assign a report that we have created using this approach have a precision between 70% and 98% over five open source projects. As the configuration of a recommender for a particular project can require substantial effort and be time consuming, we also present an approach to assist the configuration of such recommenders that significantly lowers the cost of putting a recommender in place for a project. We show that recommenders for which developer should fix a bug can be quickly configured with this approach and that the configured recommenders are within 15% precision of hand-tuned developer recommenders.
Role of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator in Pulmonary Clearance of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> In Vivo (2000)

Cystic fibrosis (CF)2 is a fatal genetic disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) that is commonly associated with chronic pulmonary infections with mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). To test the hypothesis that CFTR plays a direct role in PA adhesion and clearance, we have used mouse lines expressing varying levels of human (h) or mouse (m) CFTR. A subacute intratracheal dose of 3 x 10(6) bacteria was cleared with similar kinetics in control wild-type (WT) and transgenic mice overexpressing hCFTR in the lung from the surfactant protein C (SP-C) promoter (SP-C-hCFTR+/-). In a second series of experiments, the clearance of an acute intratracheal dose of 1.5 x 10(7) PA bacteria was also similar in WT, hemizygous SP-C-hCFTR+/-, and bitransgenic gut-corrected FABP-hCFTR+/+-mCFTR-/-, the latter lacking expression of mCFTR in the lung. However, a small but significant decrease in bacterial killing was observed in lungs of homozygote SP-C-hCFTR+/+ mice. Lung pathology in both WT and SP-C-hCFTR+/+ mice was marked by neutrophilic inflammation and bacterial invasion of perivascular and subepithelial compartments. Bacteria were associated primarily with leukocytes and were not associated with alveolar type II or bronchiolar epithelial cells, the cellular sites of SP-C-hCFTR+/+ transgene expression. The results indicate that there is no direct correlation between levels of CFTR expression and bacterial clearance or association of bacteria with epithelial cells in vivo.
Thyroid Function and Plasma Phosphate Level in Rat1 (1972)

The ability of thyroxine, or triiodothyronine, to produce an increase in the plasma phosphate level of normal or thyroparathyroidectomized rats is known. In the present paper, the effect of thyroidectomy or antithyroid drug treatment was studied. Both procedures caused a fall in plasma phosphate whether parathyroid glands were present or not. Removal of the pituitary gland did not alter the hyperphosphatemic activity of thyroxine. This result is consistent with the conclusion that growth hormone is not involved in this particular thyroxine action. A progressive rise in plasma phosphate level was observed during the re-establishment of thyroid function in the hypophysectomized rat by thyroid-stimulating hormone replacement therapy. Our experimental conditions failed to reveal any change in plasma calcium or phosphate level due to the removal of thyrocalcitonin. It is suggested that thyroid function through its iodinated hormones contributes to the determination of the physiological plasma phosphate level in rat. (Endocrinology90: 558, 1972)
News analysis (2005)

The latest National Audit Office (NAO) report makes interesting reading for those involved at all levels of cancer service development, delivery, education or research.
Final Report of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel on the Safety Assessment of Methyl Acetate (2012)

Alkyl acetates, as well as acetic acid and acetate salts, are widely used cosmetic ingredients, with a wide range of functions as fragrances, solvents, or skin-conditioning agents, depending on the specific ingredient. Available data on alkyl acetates, and acetic acid and the alcohol to which they could be metabolized, were considered adequate to support the safety of the entire group in the present practices of use and concentration in cosmetics.
UWB positioning for wireless embedded networks (2005)

The paper reports on the development of a low-power and low-cost device for low data rate communications with tracking and positioning capabilities. We investigate the performance of a range of position estimation methods making use of the estimate of the time-of-arrival (TOA) of the ultra wideband (UWB) signal at a set of receivers/sensors. The performance evaluation is performed in terms of the root-mean-square (RMS) error of the position coordinates estimation and the failure rate. We first discuss TOA estimation. A two-stage acquisition method is employed to speed up synchronization so to obtain the TOA estimate. We then study several optimization-based estimation methods including the Gauss-Newton type methods and the quasi-Newton method. Those methods are quite practical due to the fact that they do not require the knowledge of the characteristics or the TOA estimation error. Performance of the methods is examined through simulation. Furthermore, velocity of the moving devices and/or position estimate filtering can be exploited to improve the accuracy of the position estimation.
Glycolytic pathway, redox state of NAD(P)-couples and energy metabolism in lens in galactose-fed rats: effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor (1997)

Depressed glycolysis in lens in galactose-fed rats is consistent with decreased NAD+/NADPH and adenine nucleotide phosphorylation. Early changes in lens glucose utilization, redox state of NAD-couples, and energy metabolism in this model of galactosemia are similar to those in diabetes, are at least in part mediated by aldose reductase involved mechanisms, and can be partially prevented by an aldose reductase inhibitor.
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1984)

Toxin-Produced SyndromesStaphylococcal GastroenteritisAlthough gastroenteritis can be caused by massive overgrowth of viable organisms, most cases are caused by the ingestion of foods containing preformed toxin.62 The toxin itself is not produced by Staph. aureus within the gastrointestinal tract.The Toxic-Shock SyndromeThe toxic-shock syndrome is almost certainly the result of in vivo production of a toxin at the site of localized, often relatively asymptomatic or unnoticed infection with a strain of Staph. aureus capable of toxin production.63 Enterotoxin F has been one of the putative toxins in the syndrome64; the other has been pyrogenic exotoxin C,65 which . . .
Preventing Future Oil Spills with Software-Based Event Detection (2010)

Complex event processing systems detect problems in mission-critical, real-time applications and generate intelligent decisions to modulate the system environment.
What is GABAergic Inhibition? How Is it Modified in Epilepsy? (2000)

A deficit of gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) inhibition is hypothesized to underlie most forms of epilepsy. Although apparently a straightforward and logical hypothesis to test, the search for a deficit of GABAergic inhibition in epileptic tissue has revealed itself to be as difficult as the quest for the Holy Grail. The investigator faces many obstacles, including the multiplicity of GABAergic inhibitory pathways and the multiplicity of variables that characterize the potency of inhibition within each inhibitory pathway. Perhaps more importantly, there seems to be no consensual definition of GABAergic inhibition. The first goal of this review is to try to clarify the notion of GABAergic inhibition. The second goal is to summarize our current knowledge of the various alterations that occur in the GABAergic pathways in temporal lobe epilepsy. Two important features will emerge: (a) according to the variable used to measure GABAergic inhibition, it may appear increased, decreased, or unchanged; and (b) these modifications are brain area- and inhibitory pathway-specific. The possible functional consequences of these alterations are discussed.
Rolling construction for anisotropic Delaunay surfaces (2008)

Anisotropic Delaunay surfaces are surfaces of revolution that have constant anisotropic mean curvature.We show how the generating curves of such surfaces can be obtained as the trace of a point held in a fixed position relative to a curve that is rolled without slipping along a line.This generalizes the Delaunay's classical construction for surfaces of revolution with constant mean curvature.Our result is given as a corollary of a new geometric description of the rolling curve of a general plane curve.Also, we characterize anisotropic Delaunay curves by using their isothermic self-duality.
Unusual Changes of Consumption Detection in Mobile Phone Users (2006)

Abstract. The points being approached in this paper are: the problem of detecting unusual changes of consumption in mobile phone users, the corresponding building of data structures which represent the recent and historic users ’ behaviour bearing in mind the information included in a call, and the complexity of the construction of a function with so many variables where the parameterization is not always known. 1.