gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential DNA Methylation Correlates with Differential Expression of Angiogenic Factors in Human Heart Failure (2010)

Epigenetic mechanisms such as microRNA and histone modification are crucially responsible for dysregulated gene expression in heart failure. In contrast, the role of DNA methylation, another well-characterized epigenetic mark, is unknown. In order to examine whether human cardiomyopathy of different etiologies are connected by a unifying pattern of DNA methylation pattern, we undertook profiling with ischaemic and idiopathic end-stage cardiomyopathic left ventricular (LV) explants from patients who had undergone cardiac transplantation compared to normal control. We performed a preliminary analysis using methylated-DNA immunoprecipitation-chip (MeDIP-chip), validated differential methylation loci by bisulfite-(BS) PCR and high throughput sequencing, and identified 3 angiogenesis-related genetic loci that were differentially methylated. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we found that the expression of these genes differed significantly between CM hearts and normal control (p<0.01). Moreover, for each individual LV tissue, differential methylation showed a predicted correlation to differential expression of the corresponding gene. Thus, differential DNA methylation exists in human cardiomyopathy. In this series of heterogeneous cardiomyopathic LV explants, differential DNA methylation was found in at least 3 angiogenesis-related genes. While in other systems, changes in DNA methylation at specific genomic loci usually precede changes in the expression of corresponding genes, our current findings in cardiomyopathy merit further investigation to determine whether DNA methylation changes play a causative role in the progression of heart failure.
Electrochemical Catalyst–Support Effects and Their Stabilizing Role for IrO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Nanoparticle Catalysts during the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (2016)

Redox-active support materials can help reduce the noble-metal loading of a solid chemical catalyst while offering electronic catalyst-support interactions beneficial for catalyst durability. This is well known in heterogeneous gas-phase catalysis but much less discussed for electrocatalysis at electrified liquid-solid interfaces. Here, we demonstrate experimental evidence for electronic catalyst-support interactions in electrochemical environments and study their role and contribution to the corrosion stability of catalyst/support couples. Electrochemically oxidized Ir oxide nanoparticles, supported on high surface area carbons and oxides, were selected as model catalyst/support systems for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). First, the electronic, chemical, and structural state of the catalyst/support couple was compared using XANES, EXAFS, TEM, and depth-resolved XPS. While carbon-supported oxidized Ir particle showed exclusively the redox state (+4), the Ir/IrOx/ATO system exhibited evidence of metal/metal-oxide support interactions (MMOSI) that stabilized the metal particles on antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) in sustained lower Ir oxidation states (Ir(3.2+)). At the same time, the growth of higher valent Ir oxide layers that compromise catalyst stability was suppressed. Then the electrochemical stability and the charge-transfer kinetics of the electrocatalysts were evaluated under constant current and constant potential conditions, where the analysis of the metal dissolution confirmed that the ATO support mitigates Ir(z+) dissolution thanks to a stronger MMOSI effect. Our findings raise the possibility that MMOSI effects in electrochemistry-largely neglected in the past-may be more important for a detailed understanding of the durability of oxide-supported nanoparticle OER catalysts than previously thought.
A systolic neural network architecture for hidden Markov models (1989)

The authors advocate a systolic neural network architecture for implementing the hidden Markov models (HMMs). A programmable systolic array is proposed which maximizes the power of VLSI implementations in terms of intensive and pipelined computing and yet circumvents the limitation on communication. A unified algorithmic formulation for recurrent back-propagation (RBP) networks and HMMs is exploited for the architectural design. It results in a basic structure for these connectionist networks that operates like a universal simulation tool, accomplishing the information storage/retrieval process by altering the pattern of connections among a large number of primitive units and/or by modifying certain weights associated with each connection. Important concerns regarding partitioning for large networks, fault tolerance for ring array architectures, scaling to avoid underflow, and architecture for locally interconnected networks are discussed. Implementations based on commercially available VLSI chips (e.g. Inmos T800) and custom VLSI technology are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Europium doped In(Zn)P/ZnS colloidal quantum dots (2013)

Chemically synthesised In(Zn)P alloy nanocrystals are doped with Eu(3+) ions using europium oleate as a molecular precursor and are subsequently covered with a ZnS shell. The presence of zinc in the synthesis of the InP core nanocrystals leads to the formation of an In(Zn)P alloy structure, making it possible to obtain stable fluorescence emission at 485 nm. We demonstrate by means of steady state and time resolved photoluminescence measurements that resonant energy transfer takes place from the In(Zn)P/ZnS host to the Eu(3+) dopant ions. It results in the characteristic phosphorescence lines of Eu(3+) originating from the transitions between the lowest-lying excited state (5)D0 to the (7)F(J) (J = 1, 2, 3, 4) ground states. The maximum phosphorescence efficiency is obtained for an initially applied Eu(3+) : In(3+) molar ratio of 0.3 : 1, resulting in a final doping level of approximately 4%.
Enhancing Picture Naming with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (2006)

The enhancement of cognitive function in healthy subjects by medication, training or intervention yields increasing political, social and ethical attention. In this paper facilitatory effects of single-pulse TMS and repetitive TMS on a simple picture naming task are presented. A significant shortening of picture naming latencies was observed after single-pulse TMS over Wernicke's area. The accuracy of the response was not affected by this speed effect. After TMS over the dominant motor cortex or over the non-dominant temporal lobe, however, no facilitation of picture naming was observed. In the rTMS experiments only rTMS of Wernicke's area had an impact on picture naming latencies resulting in a shortening of naming latencies without affecting the accuracy of the response. rTMS over the visual cortex, Broca's area or over the corresponding sites in the non-dominant hemisphere had no effect. Single-pulse TMS is able to facilitate lexical processes due to a general preactivation of language-related neuronal networks when delivered over Wernicke's area. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over Wernicke's area also leads to a brief facilitation of picture naming possibly by shortening linguistic processing time. Whether TMS or rTMS can be used to aid linguistic therapy in the rehabilitation phase of aphasic patients should be subject of further investigations.
Secretion of slow-folding proteins by a Type 1 secretion system (2012)

Protein production through dedicated secretion systems might offer an potential alternative to the conventional cytoplasmical expression. The application of Type 1 secretion systems of Gram-negative bacteria, however, where often not successful in the past for a wide range of proteins. Recently, two studies using the E. coli maltose binding protein (MalE) and the rat intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) revealed a rational to circumvent these limitations. Here, wild-type passenger proteins were not secreted, while folding mutants with decreased folding kinetics were efficiently exported to the extracellular space. Subsequently, an one-step purification protocol yielded homogeneous and active protein. Taken together, theses two studies suggest that the introduction of slow-folding mutations into a protein sequence might be the key to use Type 1 secretion systems for the biotechnological production of proteins.
Part I. Noise Out-of-Doors (1930)

A summary is given of the results of noise surveys, including new measurements as well as certain material previously available. The report treats of noise out-of-doors, in buildings and in conveyances, and discusses noise levels and characteristics, noise sources, and noise reduction.
Identification, Characterization, and Functional Role of Phosphodiesterase Type IV in Cerebral Vessels: Effects of Selective Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors (1997)

The role of the phosphodiesterase type IV isozyme (PDE IV) in the regulation of cerebrovascular tone was investigated in the canine basilar artery in vitro and in vivo. The PDE isozymes extracted from the canine basilar artery were isolated by diethylaminoethanol (DEAE)-Sepharose affinity chromatography and identified based on sensitivity to isozyme-selective PDE inhibitors. [3H]cAMP hydrolysis was observed in one major and one minor peak of activity. The predominant peak was inhibited by the addition of cGMP (25%), siguazodan (26%), rolipram (39%), and the combination of siguazodan and rolipram (95%). Selective PDE IV inhibitors BRL 61063, rolipram, and denbufylline were equieffective inhibitors of [3H]-ccAMP hydrolysis mediated by PDE IV isolated from the canine basilar artery [concentrations producing 50% inhibition (IC50S) = 0.21 +/- 0.05 microM, 0.67 +/- 0.23 microM, and 0.73 +/- 0.16 microM, respectively]. In precontracted isolated ring segments of the canine basilar artery, selective PDE IV inhibitors produced potent and complete relaxation (IC50S < 150 nM). In contrast, zaprinast (a selective PDE V inhibitor) and siguazodan (a selective PDE III inhibitor) produced only weak relaxation of the basilar artery (IC50S = 4.5 microM and > 10 microM, respectively). Vasorelaxation produced by PDE IV inhibitors was not altered by removing the endothelium, 1-NAME, or adenosine receptor antagonism. In a canine model of acute cerebral vasospasm, all three selective PDE IV inhibitors reversed basilar artery spasm produced by autologous blood without altering mean arterial blood pressure. In contrast, prolonged treatment with BRL 61063 failed to alter the development of basilar spasm in the two hemorrhage canine models of chronic cerebral vasospasm. Denbufylline-induced relaxation in vitro was also significantly impaired in basilar arteries obtained from the model of chronic vasospasm. In conclusion, PDE IV appears to be the predominant isozyme regulating vascular tone mediated by cAMP hydrolysis in cerebral vessels. In addition, vasorelaxation modulated by PDE IV is compromised in chronic cerebral vasospasm associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage.
RailBAM - an Advanced Bearing Acoustic Monitor: Initial Operational Performance Results (2004)

An advanced bearing acoustic monitoring system for rail rolling stock, RailBAM , is being used for predictive condition monitoring of bearings across mixed freight and captive fleets. Introduced by Australian Rail Track Corporation following an eight year development, RailBAM System reports have provided diagnostics information on raceway and looseness/fretting faults across axle box and package bearings. Detectable bearing fault severity levels are reported as Low, Medium or High, these being determined from trials using bearings salted with faults considered condemnable according to standard railway practice, and trended over time. Data automatically flows within minutes from trackside measurement station through algorithms to the RailBAM Trending Database, resident on the operators' workstation. Faults are routinely trended over many passbys, often for distances of 30,000 kilometres, allowing fault progression to be monitored closely. As levels approach High-level alarm, operators can schedule maintenance in an optimal manner. RailBAM methods enable direct detection of looseness/fretting mechanisms and have shown that looseness/fretting faults can exist without raceway faults. Operational data shows that the onset of bearing faults from wheel impacts has been predominantly affecting spherical-roller axle box bearings. Looseness/fretting faults are detected clearly across axle boxes and package bearings. While operators use the RailBAM data in different ways, in all cases operators have experienced strong improvements in their fleet bearing condition and this has been reflected in large reductions in the number of 'hot boxes' and derailments experienced across the ARTC and neighbouring networks.
Starburst dendrimers as macromolecular pore-templates for stationary phases in capillary chromatography (2002)

Methacrylate-Based monolithic capillary columns for liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography were prepared within the confines of fused-silica tubing using Starburst (PAMAM) dendrimers to affect porosity. Different column porosities were obtained by varying the amount of the dendrimer template as evidenced by electron microscopy. Mercury intrusion porosimetry measurements provided additional information. The effect of dendrimer concentration on chromatographic performance was studied in detail.
Mathematical modelling of the human foetal cardiovascular system based on Doppler ultrasound data (1997)

A lumped parameter model of the human foetal circulation primarily based on blood velocity data derived from the Doppler analysis was developed in this study. It consists of two major parts, the heart and the foetal vascular circulation. The heart model accounts for both ventricular and atrial contractility. The circulation was divided into 19 compliant vascular compartments in order to describe all of the clinically monitored sites. The model parameters refer to the final gestation period and were derived either from literature on foetal sheep circulation or from anatomical dimension monitoring of the human foetus. No control mechanism is incorporated into the model. The model was validated by comparing several index values of simulated velocity curves to those of the experimental Doppler waveforms. The mean and maximum percentual errors in the estimation of the experimental results by the model are 7.7% and 20.1%, respectively. Velocity and pressure tracings of the foetal circulation were investigated, as well as regional blood flow rate distribution.
Structure of Management Information for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2) (1996)

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol.Distribution of this memo is unlimited. IntroductionA management system contains: several (potentially many) nodes, each with a processing entity, termed an agent, which has access to management instrumentation; at least one management station; and, a management protocol, used to convey management information between the agents and management stations.Operations of the protocol are carried out under an administrative framework which defines authentication, authorization, access control, and privacy policies.Management stations execute management applications which monitor and control managed elements.Managed elements are devices such as hosts, routers, terminal servers, etc., which are monitored and controlled via access to their management information.Management information is viewed as a collection of managed objects, residing in a virtual information store, termed the Management Information Base (MIB).Collections of related objects are defined in MIB modules.These modules are written using an adapted subset of OSI's Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)[1].It is the purpose of this document, the Structure of Management Information (SMI), to define that adapted subset, and to assign a set of associated administrative values. SNMPv2 Working Group Standards Track [Page 1]RFC 1902SMI for SNMPv2 January 1996The SMI is divided into three parts: module definitions, object definitions, and, notification definitions.(1) Module definitions are used when describing information modules.An ASN.1 macro, MODULE-IDENTITY, is used to concisely convey the semantics of an information module.(2) Object definitions are used when describing managed objects.An ASN.1 macro, OBJECT-TYPE, is used to concisely convey the syntax and semantics of a managed object.(3) Notification definitions are used when describing unsolicited transmissions of management information.An ASN.1 macro, NOTIFICATION-TYPE, is used to concisely convey the syntax and semantics of a notification. A Note on TerminologyFor the purpose of exposition, the original Internet-standard Network Management Framework, as described in RFCs 1155 (STD 16), 1157 (STD 15), and 1212 (STD 16), is termed the SNMP version 1 framework (SNMPv1).The current framework is termed the SNMP version 2 framework (SNMPv2).2.
Gun Launch Dynamics of the Navy 5-Inch Guided Projectile (1981)

Abstract : The design and qualification of the Navy 5-inch guided projectile components and structure were accomplished by a combination of analytical and experimental techniques. Gun launch accelerations approach 8000 g and produce the peak structural loads. The rapid pressure decay on the projectile base at muzzle exit drives the shock loading of internal components. An analytical model was used to calculate structural loads and to define the shock environment for components. The structure and components were qualified by testing them in canisters fired from 8-inch guns, and also in the laboratory using shock machines and a pendulum impact facility.
Surface distribution of monosialoganglioside GM1 on human blood cells and the effect of exogenous GM1 and neuraminidase on cholera toxin surface labeling. A quantitative immunocytochemical study. (1980)

The cholera toxin-colloidal gold-labeled IgG-F(ab')2 anticholera toxin ultrastructural immunocytochemical procedure was used for the localization of GM1 monosialoganglioside on the surface of human blood cells. The number of gold particles per micron of cell surface was counted and the data subjected to statistical analysis. Cholera toxin (CT) binding characteristics assessed in several subjects showed consistent labeling patterns for the various hemic cells, although some quantitative differences were noted in surface labeling densities between subjects. Neutrophils were invariably the most heavily labeled of the hemic cells, while lymphocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets exhibited only limited CT labeling. Exposure of hemic cells to neuraminidase induced a major increase in surface CT labeling that proved to be directly related to cell type and differed in many respects with the CT labeling pattern noted in nonenzyme treated cells. Newly exposed CT binding sites attributed to "masked" GM1 and/or to neuraminidase-transformed GD1a or GT1 gangliosides, showed that the number of new binding sites were nearly twice as abundant on platelet and monocyte sufaces as on the surfaces of neutrophil, lymphocyte, and erythrocyte populations. However, ratios of new CT binding sites to those normally available for CT binding were approximately 10:1 for erythrocytes, approximately 3--7:1 for lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets, and approximately 1:1 for the neutrophil group. Exogenous GM1 was incorporated into the cell surface of the hemic cells in a differential manner. Platelets showed a dramatic increase in surface CT labeling, viz. approximately 12- to 20-fold, compared to that of other hemic cells; however, neutrophil and erythrocyte GM1 uptake was limited. Our studies have demonstrated that distinct differences exist in the extent of surface CT labeling of the various types of blood cells. They further indicated that the ability of the cell surface to incorporate exogenous GM1 may represent a differential expression of the physiochemical properties of the surface of the individual cell types.
Skin-grafting in the buccal cavity (1921)

Journal Article Skin-grafting in the buccal cavity Get access T P Kilner, T P Kilner Sidcup Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T Jackson T Jackson Sidcup Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Surgery, Volume 9, Issue 33, July 1921, Pages 148–154, https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800093317 Published: 05 December 2005
Enhanced seed viability and lipid compositional changes during natural ageing by suppressing phospholipase Dα in soybean seed (2011)

Changes in phospholipid composition and consequent loss of membrane integrity are correlated with loss of seed viability. Furthermore, phospholipid compositional changes affect the composition of the triacylglycerols (TAG), i.e. the storage lipids. Phospholipase D (PLD) catalyses the hydrolysis of phospholipids to phosphatidic acid, and PLDα is an abundant PLD isoform. Although wild-type (WT) seeds stored for 33 months were non-viable, 30%-50% of PLDα-knockdown (PLD-KD) soybean seeds stored for 33 months germinated. WT and PLD-KD seeds increased in lysophospholipid levels and in TAG fatty acid unsaturation during ageing, but the levels of lysophospholipids increased more in WT than in PLD-KD seeds. The loss of viability of WT seeds was correlated with alterations in ultrastructure, including detachment of the plasma membrane from the cell wall complex and disorganization of oil bodies. The data demonstrate that, during natural ageing, PLDα affects the soybean phospholipid profile and the TAG profile. Suppression of PLD activity in soybean seed has potential for improving seed quality during long-term storage.
Practical Parallel Lempel-Ziv Factorization (2013)

In the age of big data, the need for efficient data compression algorithms has grown. A widely used data compression method is the Lempel-Ziv-77 (LZ77) method, being a subroutine in popular compression packages such as gzip and PKZIP. There has been a lot of recent effort on developing practical sequential algorithms for Lempel-Ziv factorization (equivalent to LZ77 compression), but research in practical parallel implementations has been less satisfactory. In this work, we present a simple work-efficient parallel algorithm for Lempel-Ziv factorization. We show theoretically that our algorithm requires linear work and runs in O(log <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> n) time (randomized) for constant alphabets and O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ϵ</sup> ) time (ϵ <; 1) for integer alphabets. We present experimental results showing that our algorithm is efficient and achieves good speedup with respect to the best sequential implementations of Lempel-Ziv factorization.
Rhinoviruses (1972)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More