gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrating schemas of heterogeneous relational databases through schema matching (2009)

Database integration aims at providing a uniform and consistent view called global schema, over a set of autonomous and heterogeneous data sources, so that data residing in different sources can be accessed as if it was in a single schema. The integration of databases' schemas can be performed in four main phases, namely: preintegration, comparing of the schemas, conforming of the schemas, and merging and restructuring. The second and third phases can be combined and normally is known as schema matching. Schema matching, the focus of this paper, is a fundamental operation in the manipulation of schema in formatting match, which takes two schemas that correspond semantically to each other. Manually specifying schema matches is a tedious, time consuming, error-prone, and therefore expensive process, which is a growing problem given the rapidly increasing number of data sources to integrate. As systems become able to handle more complex databases and applications, their schemas become large, further increasing the number of matches to be performed. Thus, automating this process, which attempts to achieve faster and less labor-intensive, has been one of the main tasks in data integration. However, it is not possible to determine fully automatically the different correspondences between schemas, primarily because of the differing and often not explicated or documented semantics of the schemas. Several solutions in solving the issues of schema matching have been proposed. Nevertheless, these solutions are still limited, as they do not explore most of the available information related to schemas and thus affect the result of integration. This paper presents an approach for integrating heterogeneous relational databases' schemas through schema matching that utilizes most of the information related to schemas, which indirectly explores the implicit semantics of the schemas, that further improves the results of the integration. This paper also shows that the produced integrated schemas (global schemas) maintained the properties of the initial input schemas and also the characteristics of the relational model.
Conjugation in <i>Escherichia coli</i> : Interactions Affecting Recombination Frequencies for Markers Situated at the Leading End of the Donor Chromosome (1970)

Experiments have been performed to test the validity of a model which relates low recovery of very early donor markers in recombinants to the presence of sex-factor deoxyribonucleic acid at the leading end of donor deoxyribonucleic acid transferred by conjugation. This model has been found to be incorrect. The results obtained do not rule out the possibility that a piece of sex factor is transferred at the leading end, but indicate, however, that if this occurs it is not the cause of the low recovery of a very early donor marker.
REVIEWS (1929)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access Histoire du dogme de la Trinité tome I ‘Les Origines’, tome II ‘de Saint Clément à Saint Ireénée’, by JULES LEBRETON. ( G. Beauchesne, Paris, 1927, 1928.) J. F. B-B J. F. B-B Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume os-XXX, Issue July, July 1929, Pages 435–438, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/os-XXX.July.435 Published: 01 July 1929
Internet Advertising: An Interplay among Advertisers, Online Publishers, Ad Exchanges and Web Users (2012)

Internet advertising is a fast growing business which has proved to be significantly important in digital economics. It is vitally important for both web search engines and online content providers and publishers because web advertising provides them with major sources of revenue. Its presence is increasingly important for the whole media industry due to the influence of the Web. For advertisers, it is a smarter alternative to traditional marketing media such as TVs and newspapers. As the web evolves and data collection continues, the design of methods for more targeted, interactive, and friendly advertising may have a major impact on the way our digital economy evolves, and to aid societal development. Towards this goal mathematically well-grounded Computational Advertising methods are becoming necessary and will continue to develop as a fundamental tool towards the Web. As a vibrant new discipline, Internet advertising requires effort from different research domains including Information Retrieval, Machine Learning, Data Mining and Analytic, Statistics, Economics, and even Psychology to predict and understand user behaviours. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on Internet advertising, discussing and classifying the research issues, identifying the recent technologies, and suggesting its future directions. To have a comprehensive picture, we first start with a brief history, introduction, and classification of the industry and present a schematic view of the new advertising ecosystem. We then introduce four major participants, namely advertisers, online publishers, ad exchanges and web users; and through analysing and discussing the major research problems and existing solutions from their perspectives respectively, we discover and aggregate the fundamental problems that characterise the newly-formed research field and capture its potential future prospects.
Syntheses of Hybrid Anionic Surfactants Containing Fluorocarbon and Hydrocarbon Chains (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of Hybrid Anionic Surfactants Containing Fluorocarbon and Hydrocarbon ChainsNorio Yoshino, Katsumi Hamano, Yota Omiya, Yukishige Kondo, Atsushi Ito, and Masahiko AbeCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 2, 466–469Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/la00002a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views438Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bispecific antibodies target operationally tumor-specific antigens in two leukemia relapse models (1996)

Despite improved procedures in chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation (BMT), post-BMT leukemia relapse rates have remained rather constant in the last decade. Immunotherapy with monoclonal or bispecific antibodies (bsAb) is a promising approach to improve this situation, but is hampered by the absence of tumor-specific antigens on the majority of tumors. To evade this problem, we developed a new tumor-specific approach in which bispecific antibodies exploit chimerism after allogeneic BMT by redirecting donor T cells against recipient-specific antigens on tumor cells. Two different leukemia relapse models were established using a T-cell lymphoma (ST-1) and a B-cell lymphoma (BCL1) to evaluate the efficiency of such a therapy. In these experiments, irradiated BALB/c (Thy-1.2+, I-Ad) mice were transplanted with C57BL/6 Thy-1.1 (I-Ab) BM cells under the protection of graft-versus-host disease-preventing monoclonal antibodies. Forty-five days after BMT, the chimeric mice were injected with either 2 x 10(4) recipient-type, Thy-1.2+, CD3- ST-1 cells or major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II+ (I-Ad)-BCL1 cells. Four days later, the mice were treated with 8 microg bsAb G2 (anti-CD3 x anti-Thy-1.2) or 10 microg (+10 microg, day 6) bsAb BiC (anti-CD3 x anti-I-Ad), respectively. These combinations guaranteed exclusive binding of the bsAbs target arms to tumor cells, leaving the surrounding, donor-type hematopoietic cells unbound. Compared with the parental antibodies, the bsAbs markedly reduced tumor mortality. Between 34% and 83% of mice survived in the bsAb groups compared with 0% of the control groups treated with parental antibodies, clearly documenting the benefit of the redirection principle. Furthermore, cytokine release (interleukin-6) after anti-CD3 antibody or bsAb treatment was decreased by administering a low-dose antibody preinjection. We have shown (1) that 6 weeks after BMT, when donor T-cell reconstitution is still in progress, T-cell-redirecting bsAb are clearly superior to parental antibodies in terms of tumor cell elimination; and (2) that the polymorphism of a common antigen such as Thy-1 or a clinically more relevant target antigen such as MHC class II can be used as an operational tumor-specific antigen after allogeneic BMT.
Gender Differences in Intermediate Atherogenic Pathways by Cigarette Smoking among Middle-Aged US Adults (2009)

Objective: This study investigates mediating atherogenic pathways caused by cigarette smoking (anthropometric, metabolic, hemodynamic, inflammatory factors) among middle-aged adults and whether there are gender differences in these pathways.
Design and Safety Verification of a Distributed Charge Equalizer for Modular Li-Ion Batteries (2014)

This paper presents a novel charge equalization technique seamlessly integrated into a modular Battery Management System (BMS) for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. The charge equalizer is a crucial element for an effective use of a Li-ion battery consisting of many series-connected cells. We describe a fully distributed charge equalizer based on a circular balancing bus, which outperforms other recently published approaches. Its safety requirements have formally been verified using a model checker, showing that formal methods and, in particular, the Symbolic Analysis Laboratory environment, can be effective to verify the safety requirements of a BMS.
Tunable optical antennas enabled by the phase transition in vanadium dioxide (2013)

Optical antennas, subwavelength metallic structures resonating at visible frequencies, are a relatively new branch of antenna technology being applied in science, technology and medicine. Dynamically tuning the resonances of these antennas would increase their range of application and offer potential increases in plasmonic device efficiencies. Silver nanoantenna arrays were fabricated on a thin film of the phase change material vanadium dioxide (VO(2)) and the resonant wavelength of these arrays was modulated by increasing the temperature of the substrate above the critical temperature (approximately 68 °C). Depending on the array, wavelength modulation of up to 110 nm was observed.
Ion-Exchange Chromatography of Proteins (2003)

Ion-exchange chromatography is the most widely used technique in protein chromatography (1). This is because it is nearly always possible to develop successful ionexchange separations for proteins, and the materials required are relatively inexpensive.
Characterization of the Properties of Seven Promoters in the Motor Cortex of Rats and Monkeys After Lentiviral Vector-Mediated Gene Transfer (2013)

Lentiviral vectors deliver transgenes efficiently to a wide range of neuronal cell types in the mammalian central nervous system. To drive gene expression, internal promoters are essential; however, the in vivo properties of promoters, such as their cell type specificity and gene expression activity, are not well known, especially in the nonhuman primate brain. Here, the properties of five ubiquitous promoters (murine stem cell virus [MSCV], cytomegalovirus [CMV], CMV early enhancer/chicken β-actin [CAG], human elongation factor-1α [EF-1α], and Rous sarcoma virus [RSV]) and two cell type-specific promoters (rat synapsin I and mouse α-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II [CaMKIIα]) in rat and monkey motor cortices in vivo were characterized. Vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G)-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of the various promoters were prepared and injected into rat and monkey motor cortices. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that all of the VSV-G-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors had strong endogenous neuronal tropisms in rat and monkey brains. Among the seven promoters, the CMV promoter showed modest expression in glial cells (9.4%) of the rat brain, whereas the five ubiquitous promoters (MSCV, CMV, CAG, EF-1α, and RSV) showed expression in glial cells (7.0-14.7%) in the monkey brain. Cell type-specific synapsin I and CaMKIIα promoters showed excitatory neuron-specific expression in the monkey brain (synapsin I, 99.7%; CaMKIIα, 100.0%), but their specificities for excitatory neurons were significantly lower in the rat brain (synapsin I, 94.6%; CaMKIIα, 93.7%). These findings could be useful in basic and clinical neuroscience research for the design of vectors that efficiently deliver and express transgenes into rat and monkey brains.
Recent trend of clinical features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (2011)

NBNC-HCC has gradually been increasing in recent years. The present study elucidated that the presence of NASH and metabolic syndrome were important risk factors for NBNC-HCC and suggests that these patients should receive surveillance for HCC development.
Enabling mobile application mashups with Merlion (2010)

We present Merlion, a system that enables end-users to build custom mobile applications by creating mashups from existing desktop applications. The original application executes on a machine running remote desktop software (such as VNC server) without any modifications. Users can utilize the Merlion Designer to select relevant visual regions of the original application and create an alternate layout that is more suitable to their circumstances (e.g. taking the screen real-estate of their mobile device into account). Once the custom application has been designed, the user can utilize the Merlion Runtime (running on the user's mobile device) to interact with their custom application. Merlion can improve user productivity by simplifying user interfaces, automate repetitive actions, make applications available across different mobile form factors, and can allow applications that work on different OS platforms to operate in concert. In this paper, we describe the design of the Merlion system, details of our initial prototype, and discussion of the benefits and challenges of our approach.
On the inter-dependency of interactive multimedia protocol and network architecture (2002)

An interactive multimedia service provides contents delivery upon users' requests. The success of this kind of service is not only dependent on the progress of network and storage techniques, but also on the availability of open application service protocols and open interfaces to achieve the inter-operation among system entities. There are several interactive protocols available today for services. Among them, DAVIC is the most popular international standard for these kinds of services, and digital storage media-command and control protocol (DSM-CC) has been adopted for its service control and session control protocol. The operation of DSM-CC over ATM network is well defined and documented. With the progress in the technology LAN-based network many multimedia applications have become possible over this network architecture. This paper proposes a novel network resource definition scheme specific to Ethernet in order to operate DSM-CC over LAN-based network architecture. It demonstrates not only the suitability of our proposed network resource definitions for Ethernet, but also the inherent flexibility features of DSM-CC.
Phase 2 trial of pemetrexed disodium and carboplatin in previously untreated extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer, N0423 (2010)

Although well-tolerated, the combination of pemetrexed and carboplatin is not as effective as standard therapy in patients with untreated extensive-stage SCLC.
A Fourier Series Neural Network and Its Application to System Identification (1995)

A distinctive neural network architecture, called the Fourier Series Neural Network (FSNN), is developed with particular consideration for applications in the area of system identification and control. This paper focuses on the theory of the FSNN and its application to system identification. This neural network is based on the topological structure of the multiple Fourier series, and is shown to be free of local minima. The global stability of the FSNN learning dynamics is guaranteed using the Delta learning rule. This paper demonstrates that the trained FSNN model approximates the Fourier series representation of an identified system with the network state weights approximating the coefficients of the Fourier series. This feature enables the FSNN to estimate the frequency spectrum of an unknown system, making the FSNN a powerful tool for controller design or on-line adaptive tuning based on system frequency response. The capabilities of the FSNN are demonstrated for linear and nonlinear systems by applying the FSNN to estimate the amplitude and phase spectrums of a second order linear transfer function and to model nonlinear inverse robot kinematics. These evaluations indicate that the FSNN modeling technique is applicable to both linear and nonlinear systems with multi-inputs and multi-outputs.
Altered Cell Cycle Distribution, Hyperplasia, and Inhibited Differentiation in Arabidopsis Caused by the D-Type Cyclin CYCD3 (2002)

CYCD3;1 expression in Arabidopsis is associated with proliferating tissues such as meristems and developing leaves but not with differentiated tissues. Constitutive overexpression of CYCD3;1 increases CYCD3;1-associated kinase activity and reduces the proportion of cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, CYCD3;1 overexpression leads to striking alterations in development. Leaf architecture in overexpressing plants is altered radically, with a failure to develop distinct spongy and palisade mesophyll layers. Associated with this, we observe hyperproliferation of leaf cells; in particular, the epidermis consists of large numbers of small, incompletely differentiated polygonal cells. Endoreduplication, a marker for differentiated cells that have exited from the mitotic cell cycle, is inhibited strongly in CYCD3;1-overexpressing plants. Transcript analysis reveals an activation of putative compensatory mechanisms upon CYCD3;1 overexpression or subsequent cell cycle activation. These results demonstrate that cell cycle exit in the G1-phase is required for normal cellular differentiation processes during plant development and suggest a critical role for CYCD3 in the switch from cell proliferation to the final stages of differentiation.
Chemiluminescence assay for the detection of biological warfare agents (1999)

A chemiluminescent homogeneous immunoassay and a hand-size multiassay reader are described that could be used for detecting biological materials. The special feature of the assay is that it employs two different antibodies that each bind to a unique epitope on the same antigen. Each group of epitope-specific antibodies has linked to it an enzyme of a proximal-enzyme pair. One enzyme of the pair utilizes a substrate in high concentration to produce a second substrate required by the second enzyme. This new substrate enables the second enzyme to function. The reaction of the second enzyme is configured to produce light. This chemiluminescence is detected with a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The proximal pair enzymes must be in close proximity to one another to allow the second enzyme to react with the product of the first enzyme. This only occurs when the enzyme-linked antibodies are attached to the antigen, whether antigen is a single protein with multiple epitopes or the surface of a cell with a variety of different antigens. As a result of their juxtaposition, the enzymes produce light only in the presence of the biological material. A brief description is given as to how this assay could be utilized in a personal bio-agent detector system.
Improving the quantification accuracy of a PET/CT-scanner with pixelated large area detector (2015)

One of the main benefits of PET/CT imaging is its ability for absolute quantification. Calibration according to the manufacturer's procedure specifies an accuracy of about 10%, whereas especially in dynamic clinical studies a higher quantification accuracy is desired. Therefore a more accurate calibration is needed. At the Gemini TF, a scanner with pix-elated large-area LYSO detectors, there are differences in the measurement set-up between calibration and clinical acquisition. This study intends to evaluate the influence of those differences on the calibration with the aim to increase the accuracy of quantification. The major difference herein is the acquisition format, as calibration is performed in histogram-mode (HM-Cal) and clinical acquisition in list-mode format. Using the list-mode format for the calibration (LM-Cal), increases the activity recovery coefficient for the histogram-based acquisition from 0.93 ± 0.08 up to 1.00 ± 0.03. This is however only valid for the calibration set-up but not for clinical situations. Considering more realistic situations like lesions outside the centre of the field of view (FOV) or additional random events coming from highly accumulating regions outside the FOV (like bladder or brain), a different calibration can be found (ALL-Cal). In the evaluation of clinical oncological datasets with low count rates, a significant improvement of the reconstructed mean activity concentration in the bladder (compared to measured urine samples) up to 4% (LM-Cal) was achieved. For very high count rates the normalization of the scanner has to be adapted to improve the quantification accuracy as well.
Use of superparamagnetic microbeads in tracking subretinal injections. (2005)

Protein coated magnetic microbeads are non-inflammatory after injection into the SRS. Host RPE cells phagocytized the microbeads and the retina maintained a healthy morphology after reattachment. This technique proved not only to be a good training tool to determine the precise location of injection, but also provided a noninflammatory method for long term marking of delivery into the SRS. However, the microbeads can not be used as a tracer of injected RPE because the microbeads were readily transferred to the endogenous RPE.