gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-lasting skin allograft tolerance in adult mice induced across fully allogeneic (multimajor H-2 plus multiminor histocompatibility) antigen barriers by a tolerance-inducing method using cyclophosphamide. (1989)

A new method of cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced skin allograft tolerance in mice that can regularly overcome fully allogeneic (major H-2 plus non-H-2) antigen barriers in mice has been established. The components of the method are intravenous or intraperitoneal administration of 50-100 micrograms of anti-Thy-1.2 mAb on day -1, intravenous injection of 90 x 10(6) allogeneic spleen cells mixed with 30 x 10(6) allogeneic bone marrow cells from the same donor on day 0, and intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg CP on day 2. In each of four fully allogeneic donor----recipient combinations, including C3H/HeJ (C3H; H-2k)----C57BL/6J(B6; H-2b), B6----C3H, BALB/cByJ (BALB; H-2d)----B6, and BALB----C3H, long-lasting survival of skin allografts was induced in most of the recipient mice. The specific tolerant state induced was dependent on the doses of the antibody and bone marrow cells used. The optimal timing of CP treatment to induce tolerance was found to be 1-3 d after the stimulating cell injection. Treatment with the anti-Thy-1.2 antibody together with CP on day 2 after the cell injection on day 0 also induced profound tolerance. In the B6 mice made tolerant of C3H with antibody, C3H spleen cells plus C3H bone marrow cells, and then CP, a minimal degree of stable mixed chimerism was established and the antitolerogen (C3H) immune responses examined here, including delayed footpad reaction (DFR), CTL activity, and capacity for antibody production against donor-strain antigens were abrogated in a tolerogen-specific manner. From cell transfer experiments, the mechanism of tolerance could be largely attributed to reduction of effector T cells reactive against the tolerogen, and strong suppressive influences that might prolong skin allograft survival directly were not detected in the tolerant mice. Moreover, pretreatment with anti-Thy-1.2 antibody or anti-L3T4 (CD4) antibody was more effective than pretreatment with anti-Lyt-1 (CD5) antibody or anti-Lyt-2 (CD8) antibody as an initial step in tolerance induction. These results suggest that permanent tolerance to fully allogeneic skin grafts may be induced because antibody given before the stimulating cell injection reduces the number of reactive T cells in the recipient mice. This antibody treatment may facilitate an antigen-stimulated destruction of responding and thus proliferating cells with CP by preventing a possibly less proliferative, more rapid maturation of reactive T cells or by destroying residual effector T cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Summary of Investigations of Electric Insect Traps (1974)

Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Dog Mast Cell α-Chymase Activates Progelatinase B by Cleaving the Phe88-Gln89 and Phe91-Glu92 Bonds of the Catalytic Domain (1997)

In prior work we showed that a metallogelatinase is secreted from dog mastocytoma cells and directly activated by exocytosed mast cell alpha-chymase. The current work identifies the protease as a canine homologue of progelatinase B (92-kDa gelatinase, MMP-9), determines the sites cleaved by alpha-chymase, and explores the regulation of gelatinase expression in mastocytoma cells. To obtain a cDNA encoding the complete sequence of mastocytoma gelatinase B, a 2. 3-kilobase clone encoding progelatinase was isolated from a BR mastocytoma library. The sequenced cDNA predicts a 704-amino acid protein 80% identical to human progelatinase B. Regions thought to be critical for active site latency, such as the Cys-containing propeptide sequence, PRCGVPD, and the catalytic domain sequence, HEFGHALGLDHSS, are entirely conserved. Cleavage of progelatinase B by purified dog alpha-chymase yielded an approximately 84-kDa product that contained two NH2-terminal amino acid sequences, QTFEGDLKXH and EGDLKXHHND, which correspond to residues 89-98 and 92-101 of the cDNA predicted sequence, respectively. Thus, alpha-chymase cleaves the catalytic domain of gelatinase B at the Phe88-Gln89 and Phe91-Glu92 bonds. Like BR cells, the C2 line of dog mastocytoma cells constitutively secrete progelatinase B which is activated by alpha-chymase. By contrast, non-chymase-producing C1 cells secrete a gelatinase B (which remains in its proform) only in response to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Whereas 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate stimulation of BR cells produced a approximately 15-fold increase in gelatinase B mRNA expression, dexamethasone down-regulated its expression by approximately 5-fold. Thus, extracellular stimuli may regulate the amount of mast cell progelatinase B expressed by mast cells. These data further support a role for mast cell alpha-chymase in tissue remodeling involving gelatinase B-mediated degradation of matrix proteins.
A case of schwannoma arising in brachial plexus with intrathoracic extension. (1999)

症例は43歳の男性で, 健康診断にて胸部X線写真上右肺尖部の異常陰影を指摘された.腫瘤はMRI上, 腕神経叢に連続していた.神経学的な異常は認めなかった.縦隔の良性腫瘍が疑われたが術前に確定診断には至らず, 診断と治療目的で開胸下に腫瘤摘出術を施行した.腫瘍は類球形で内部は多房性の嚢包状であり, 腕神経叢下神経幹に連続していた.組織診断上は神経鞘腫 (Antoni type A) であった.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Saccharides Catalyzed by Molybdate Ions. Part 62. Epimerization and the Molybdate Complexes of the Aldoses. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
1,1-Dicyano-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)ethylene<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,1-Dicyano-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)ethylene1W. J. MiddletonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 5, 1402–1407Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01016a013Request reuse permissions Article Views207Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (785 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Time-Resolved Pulse Response of Electroluminescence in Poly(3-alkylthiophene) Diodes (1992)

Pulse response of electroluminescence in poly(3-alkylthiophene) diodes has been investigated. The response consists of two independent parts, that is, fast and slow transition parts. The fast response corresponds to carrier transit between electrodes. On the other hand, the anomalous slow response which becomes marked at higher current is explained by the temperature change of the diode junction. Carrier mobility of the poly(3-alkylthiophene) has been estimated from the fast part, which coincides with that evaluated from the characteristics of poly(3-alkylthiophene) field-effect transistors. Temperature dependence of the electroluminescence intensity in poly(3-alkylthiophene) diode has been discussed.
Effects of <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>Infection on Arteether Metabolism and Disposition (1997)

Arteether (AE) is primarily deethylated to dihydroqinghaosu (DQHS) in rats and humans. Conversion of AE to DQHS was impaired in microsomes from rats infected with Plasmodium berghei. The Km for AE was 175.1 +/- 49.1 and 124.4 +/- 115.1 mumol/l, and Vmax was 2.24 +/- 0.45 and 1.22 +/- 0.67 nmol AE formed/mg protein/min in control and infected microsomes (p < 0.05), respectively. Calculated intrinsic clearance (CLint = initial Vmax/Km) for AE was only 4% lower in infected microsomes. Apparent pharmacokinetic parameter estimates for AE using the isolated perfused rat liver demonstrated no differences (p > 0.05) in volume of distribution, clearance, and half-life between normal and infected animals. Malaria infection resulted in decreased biliary excretion of free AE and DQHS. The majority of AE is eliminated via biliary excretion of conjugated DQHS, which is approximately 500-fold higher than free DQHS and 75-fold higher than free AE on a molar basis.
Gene expression profile of transgenic mouse kidney reveals pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus associated nephropathy (2006)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated nephritis has been reported worldwide. Immune complex deposition has been accepted as its pathogenesis, although the association between the presence of local HBV DNA and viral antigen and the development of nephritis remains controversial. To understand better the roles played by HBV protein expression in the kidney, the global gene expression profile was studied in the kidney tissue of a lineage of HBV transgenic mouse (#59). The mice expressed HBsAg in serum, and HBsAg and HBcAg in liver and kidney, but without virus replication. Full-length HBV genome (adr subtype, C genotype) isolated from a chronic HBV carrier was used to establish the transgenic mice #59. Similarly manipulated mice that did not express HBV viral antigens served as controls. Southern blotting, hybridization with HBV probe, and immuno-histochemical staining were used to study HBV gene expression. mRNA extracted from the kidney tissue was analyzed using Affymetrix microarrays. HBsAg and HBcAg were located mainly in the cytoplasm of tubular epithelium. Altogether 520 genes were "up-regulated" more than twofold and 76 genes "down-regulated" more than twofold in the kidney. The complement activation, blood coagulation, and acute-phase response genes were markedly "up-regulated". Compared to the controls, the level of serum C3 protein was decreased in #59 mice, while the level of C3 protein from kidney extract was increased. Results indicate that expression of HBsAg and HBcAg in tubular epithelial cells of the kidney per se can up-regulate complement-mediated inflammatory gene pathways, in addition to immune complex formation.
The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (2002)

Baseline age, vertical and horizontal cup-disc ratio, pattern standard deviation, and intraocular pressure were good predictors for the onset of POAG in the OHTS. Central corneal thickness was found to be a powerful predictor for the development of POAG.
Purification and substrate specificity of polymorphic forms of esterase D from human erythrocytes. (1978)

Esterase D (EsD), purified from human erythrocytes and tested with a variety of substrates, hydrolyzed only triacetin, tributyrin, and certain soluble aryl esters of aliphatic acids. Esters of 4-methylumbelliferone were easily the best substrates. When the three genetically different isozymes were compared, the less common forms, EsD 2 and EsD 2-1, were less stable than EsD 1. With some substrates, the Michaelis constant of the EsD 2 form differed from that of the EsD 1 form. The EsD 2-1 hybrid form was usually, but not invariably, intermediate in properties. The physiologic significance of the genetic variability of this enzyme is unknown.
Electrostriction mechanism of soliton interaction in optical fibers (1990)

In contrast to the mechanism of interaction determined by the Kerr nolinearity, the electrostrictive interaction between picosecond pulses in optical fibers can occur when the temporal interval between them is much greater than their duration. The width of the interval is determined by the lifetime of the sound wave in the fiber core region, i.e., ~1 nsec. It follows from our calculations that for long propagation distances (L > 1000 km) the relative temporal separation of the interacting pulses can reach hundreds of picoseconds at the temporal interval between them of ~1 nsec.
111Indium-labelled human gut-derived T cells from healthy subjects with strong<i>in vitro</i>adhesion to MAdCAM-1 show no detectable homing to the gut<i>in vivo</i> (2004)

Integrin alpha4beta 7 is the principal gut-homing receptor, and it is assumed that expression of this specific integrin directs lymphocytes to the gut in vivo. Adoptive cellular immunotherapy against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may depend on the expression of integrin alpha4beta 7 to accomplish local delivery of intravenously injected regulatory T cells in inflamed gut mucosa. The present study aimed to investigate whether in vitro expanded human T cells from the colonic mucosa maintain integrin expression, show in vitro adhesion and retain in vivo gut-homing properties during cultivation. Whole colonic biopsies from healthy subjects were cultured in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4. The integrin expression of the cultured T cells was determined by flow cytometry and in vitro adhesion was assessed in a mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) adhesion assay. We studied the homing pattern after autologous infusion of 3 x 10(8 111)Indium ((111)In)-labelled T cells in five healthy subjects using scintigraphic imaging. The cultured CD4(+)CD45RO(+) gut-derived T cells express higher levels of integrin alpha4beta 7 than peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and show strong adhesion to MAdCAM-1 in vitro, even after (111)In-labelling. Scintigraphic imaging, however, showed no gut-homing in vivo. After prolonged transit through the lungs, the T cells migrated preferentially to the spleen, liver and bone marrow. In conclusion, it is feasible to infuse autologous T cells cultured from the gut mucosa, which may be of interest in adoptive immunotherapy. Despite high expression of the gut-homing integrin alpha4beta 7 and adhesion to MAdCAM-1 in vitro, evaluation by (111)In-scintigraphy demonstrated no gut-homing in healthy individuals.
Food Cravings, Depression, and Premenstrual Problems (1969)

Based on clinical experience and following a confirmatory pilot study, a group of 300 nurses was canvassed by questionnaire concerning food cravings and menstrual periods. An association was found between the occurrence of cravings for food and/or sweets on the one hand, and premenstrual feelings of tension or depression on the other. In addition, a specific association was found between a craving for food or sweets at specific times of menstrual periods or depression and the occurrence of premenstrual fluid retention. These results suggest that it would be useful to seek a common physiological basis for food cravings, depression, and fluid retention in women.
Sulfate Removal from Water (2003)

Abstract Sulfate occurs naturally in groundwater. Concerns regarding the health effects from sulfate in drinking water have been raised because of reports that diarrhea may be associated with water that contains high levels of sulfate. In the livestock production industry, there is a concern that high levels of sulfate in water can adversely affect productivity. Different methods can be used to remove sulfate from water. Proven technologies are ion-exchange, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and electrodialysis. A few earlier studies have shown that the use of bentonite/kaolinite for sulfate removal has produced encouraging results. Experimental work was undertaken to examine in detail the feasibility of such processes. Laboratory studies using bentonite showed poor or no removal in the case of high sulfate water. Ion exchange and nanofiltration were found to be very effective in removing sulfate. Ion exchange is likely to be more reliable than nanofiltration because of the sensitivity of the nanofiltration process to total dissolved solids and biofouling.
Completely Printed, Flexible, Stable, and Hysteresis‐Free Carbon Nanotube Thin‐Film Transistors via Aerosol Jet Printing (2017)

Nanomaterials offer an attractive solution to the challenges faced for low‐cost printed electronics, with applications ranging from additively manufactured sensors to wearables. This study reports hysteresis‐free carbon nanotube thin‐film transistor (CNT‐TFTs) fabricated entirely using an aerosol jet printing technique; this includes the printing of all layers: semiconducting CNTs, metallic electrodes, and insulating gate dielectrics. It is shown that, under appropriate printing conditions, the gate dielectric ink can be reliably printed and yield negligible hysteresis and low threshold voltage in CNT‐TFTs. Flexible CNT‐TFTs on Kapton film demonstrate minimal variations in performance for over 1000 cycles of aggressive bending tests. New insights are also gained concerning the role of charge trapping in Si substrate‐supported devices, where exposure to high substrate fields results in irreversible degradation. This work is a critical step forward as it enables a completely additive, maskless method to fully print CNT‐TFTs of direct relevance for the burgeoning areas of flexible/foldable, wearable, and biointegrated electronics.
Double-Quadrature UWB Receiver for Wide-Range Localization Applications With Sub-cm Ranging Precision (2013)

The interest of industry for localization technologies is growing, because of their ability to allow a wide variety of applications. Among the different technologies, UWB is known to potentially offer the best precision. This paper presents a fully integrated low-power UWB impulse radio receiver dedicated to communication and ranging applications. The new architecture based on double quadrature is used to reach sub-cm ranging precision while limiting the speed requirements and complexity of ADC and digital signal processing. Much attention has been paid to rejecting the out-of-band signals which could degrade receiver performance while fully exploiting the available spectrum in the [3-5 GHz] band. The 5.8-mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> 0.13- μm CMOS receiver consumes 50 mW at 50-Mb/s maximum data rate. It shows -95-dBm sensitivity at 1 Mb/s and 2.5-mm maximum ranging error at 10 m.
A Study on the Aerodynamic Characteristic of Gunfire Damaged Airfoil (2008)

An experimental study has been conducted to investigate the effects of circular damage hole on the characteristics of airfoil performance. The damage on a wing created from a hit by anti-air artillery was modeled as a circular hole. Force balance measurements and static pressure measurements on the wing surface were carried out for the cases of having damage holes of 10% chord size at quarter chord and/or half chord positions. All experiments were conducted at Reynolds number of based on the chord length. The surface pressure data show big pressure alterations near the circular damage holes. This abnormal surface pressure distribution produces shear stress that could lead to the acceleration of the structural degradation of the wing around the circular damage hole. However, in spite of the existence of circular damage holes, the measured force data indicated the only a slight decrease in lift accompanied by increase in drag compared to the results of undamaged one. The influence of damage hole on the aerodynamic performance was increased as the location of damage moved to the leading edge. The effect on the control force was insignificant when the damaged size was not large.
Application of Speed-sensor-less Induction Motor Control for Traction Motor Control System (2003)

For the traction motor control system, pulse generators (PGs) are used to detect the rotor frequency of induction motors. If speed-sensor-less control is applied to the traction motor control system, the PGs can be eliminated to improve the cost efficiency and reliability of the traction motor control system. In this paper, the author present the results of theoretical and experimental studies on the application of the speed-sensor-less control method to the railway vehicle traction motor control.
Enhanced Cooling of Shape Memory Alloy Wires Using Semiconductor "Heat Pump" Modules (1994)

A novel concept of using semiconductor "heat pump" modules to heat and cool Nitinol shape memory alloy (SMA) wires under a zero-stress condition is analytically investigated in an effort to examine the feasibility of reducing the response time for complete thermal cycling. A heat transfer model is developed to provide both a qualitative and quantitative comparison between the effectiveness of semiconductor modules and other conventional modes of heating and cooling SMA wires, specifically, resistive heating/free convection cooling and resistive heating/forced con vection cooling. In the model, a complete thermal cycle is examined which includes both the forward and reverse phase transformations between martensite and austenite. The rate of temperature change as a function of energy transfer can be estimated during each stage of thermal cycling. A numerical integration program was developed to include both the energy transfers associated with the latent heat of transformation and the internal energy changes. Temperature profiles are presented for each of the heating/cooling methods as well as estimates of the total response time needed to complete an entire thermal cycle. Results of the heat transfer modeling indicate that the time required to cool the SMA represents the dominant part of the cycle time in the conventional methods of cooling. Both phase transformations (martensite-to-austenite and austenite-to-martensite) retard heating and cool ing rates). Compared to other existing methods of thermal cycling, semiconductor "heat pump" modules can potentially reduce heating/cooling cycle times by up to an order of magnitude.
Application of x-ray direct methods to surface reconstructions: The solution of projected superstructures (1998)

The projections of surface reconstructions are normally solved from the interatomic vectors found in two-dimensional Patterson maps computed with the intensities of the in-plane superstructure reflections. Since for difficult reconstructions this procedure is not trivial, an alternative automated one based on the ``direct methods'' sum function [Rius, Miravitlles, and Allmann, Acta Crystallogr. A52, 634 (1996)] is shown. It has been applied successfully to the known $c(4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ reconstruction of Ge(001) and to the so-far unresolved ${\mathrm{In}}_{0.04}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.96}\mathrm{As}\mathrm{ }(001)\mathrm{ }p(4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ surface reconstruction. For this last system we propose a modification of one of the models previously proposed for GaAs(001) whose characteristic feature is the presence of dimers along the fourfold direction.
Analysis of Novel Methods to Determine the Accuracy of the OmniPod Insulin Pump: A Key Component of the Artificial Pancreas System (2011)

In this issue of Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, Zisser and collegues describe two inexpensive methods for accurate measurement of dosage delivered by OmniPod insulin pump. The first method is based on imaging a meniscus movement in a micro-pipette and using simple image analysis; the second relies on using a digital microscope to measure the volume of a dispensed droplet while it is still attached to the cannula tip. Both methods produce accurate measurements for doses >0.2 U, and the latter method is especially appropriate for doses <0.2 U, with accuracies down to 0.9%.