gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of Architectures and Materials in In‐Plane Micro‐supercapacitors: Current Status and Future Challenges (2016)

The rapid development of integrated electronics and the boom in miniaturized and portable devices have increased the demand for miniaturized and on-chip energy storage units. Currently thin-film batteries or microsized batteries are commercially available for miniaturized devices. However, they still suffer from several limitations, such as short lifetime, low power density, and complex architecture, which limit their integration. Supercapacitors can surmount all these limitations. Particularly for micro-supercapacitors with planar architectures, due to their unique design of the in-plane electrode finger arrays, they possess the merits of easy fabrication and integration into on-chip miniaturized electronics. Here, the focus is on the different strategies to design electrode finger arrays and the material engineering of in-plane micro-supercapacitors. It is expected that the advances in micro-supercapacitors with in-plane architectures will offer new opportunities for the miniaturization and integration of energy-storage units for portable devices and on-chip electronics.
A Two-Step Synthesis of Camphosultam (1995)

Abstract Modifications of the known route to camphosultam led to an easy two-step process. The unique intermediate is simply isolated by filtration. The overall yield is 66% on a hundred gram scale.
Optical and Electrical Properties of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) Crystals (1983)

Optical transmission spectra and d‐c conductivity (25°–1000°C) data were obtained on yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) single crystals commercially grown by the skull‐melting process. The crystals were doped with up to 2.0 w/o rare earth (Ce, Nd, Er, Pr) and transition (Mn, Fe, Cr, Ni) metal ions, and a few were annealed. Dopant effects were most pronounced in the visible region, but were evident throughout much of the spectral range. Annealing and dopant ions Ce and Er showed significant absorption effects attributed to the Ce3+ ion. Electrical conductivity was only marginally affected by doping.
Development and Characterization of an Ionization Technique for Analysis of Biological Macromolecules: Liquid Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (2008)

We have developed an atmospheric pressure ionization technique called liquid matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (liq-MALDESI) for the generation of multiply charged ions by laser desorption from liquid samples deposited onto a stainless steel sample target biased at a high potential. This variant of our previously reported MALDESI source does not utilize an ESI emitter to postionize neutrals. Conversely, we report desorption and ionization from a macroscopic charged droplet. We demonstrate high mass resolving power single-acquisition FT-ICR-MS analysis of peptides and proteins ranging from 1 to 8.6 kDa at atmospheric pressure. The liquid sample acts as a macroscopic charged droplet similar to those generated by electrospray ionization, whereby laser irradiation desorbs analyte from organic matrix containing charged droplets generating multiply charged ions. We have observed a singly charged radical cation of an electrochemically active species indicating oxidation occurs for analytes and therefore water; the latter would play a key role in the mechanism of ionization. Moreover, we demonstrate an increase in ion abundance and a concurrent decrease in surface tension with an increase in the applied potential.
Covalent and noncovalent interpenetrating planar networks in the crystal structure of {[Ni(4,4′-bipyridine)2(NO3)2·2pyrene}n (1999)

K. Biradha, K. V. Domasevitch, B. Moulton, C. Seward and M. J. Zaworotko, Chem. Commun., 1999, 1327 DOI: 10.1039/A901311C
“SIMPLY” READING THE GENEVA BIBLE: THE GENEVA BIBLE AND ITS READERS (1995)

“SIMPLY” READING THE GENEVA BIBLE: THE GENEVA BIBLE AND ITS READERS Get access Jensen Michael Jensen Michael Sydney Grammar SchoolSydney, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Literature and Theology, Volume 9, Issue 1, March 1995, Pages 30–45, https://doi.org/10.1093/litthe/9.1.30 Published: 01 March 1995
Syntheses of the Pyrazole Ring (1967)

This chapter contains sections titled: Syntheses from β-Dicarbonyl Compounds and their Functional Derivatives (Ethers, Enol- ethers, Acetals, Enamines, etc.) with Hydrazine and its Derivatives (Eq. 1, Ch. 2) Syntheses from Acetylenic Carbonyl Compounds with Hydrazine and its Derivatives Syntheses by Ring Closure at the 4,5-Position Syiitheses from 1,2,3-Tricarbonyl Compounds and their Functional Derivatives with Hydrazine and its Derivatives Syntheses from α-Halocarbony1 Compounds with Mono- and Dithiocarbohydrazides Syntheses from Aldehyde Arylhydrazones with β-Ketoesters Syntheses from Aliphatic Diazo Compounds Syntheses from Diazoketones, Ethyl Diazoacetate, or Diazodiketones with Ketomethylene Compounds Syntheses from Aromatic Diazo Compounds with Compounds Carrying a Carbonyl Group β to a Carbon Capable of Diazo Coupling Syntheses from Hydrazonic Halides Syiitheses from Pyrazolines by Oxidation or Other Reactions Syntheses from Isopyrazoles Syntheses by Rearrangement of 4,4- or 5, 5-Di-substituted Pyrazolines Syntheses from Various Heterocyclic Compounds with Hydrazine and its Derivatives Syntheses from Epoxides and from Ethylene Imine Derivatives Syntheses from Sydnones with Acetylene Derivatives Syntheses from Pyrazoles and Pyrazolethiones
Use of<i>Clostridium perfringens</i>Enterotoxin and the Enterotoxin Receptor-Binding Domain (C-CPE) for Cancer Treatment: Opportunities and Challenges (2011)

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) causes the symptoms associated with several common gastrointestinal diseases. CPE is a 35 kDa polypeptide consisting of three structured domains, that is, C-terminal domain I (responsible for receptor binding), domain II (responsible for oligomerization and membrane insertion), and domain III (which may participate in physical changes when the CPE protein inserts into membranes). Native CPE binds to claudin receptors, which are components of the tight junction. The bound toxin then assembles into a hexameric prepore on the membrane surface, prior to the insertion of this oligomer into membranes to form an active pore. The toxin is especially lethal for cells expressing large amounts of claudin-3 or -4, which includes many cancer cells. Initial studies suggest that native CPE has potential usefulness for treating several cancers where claudin CPE receptors are overexpressed. However, some challenges with immunogenicity, toxicity, and (possibly) the development of resistance may need to be overcome. An alternative approach now being explored is to utilize C-CPE, which corresponds approximately to receptor binding domain I, to enhance paracellular permeability and delivery of chemotherapeutic agents against cancer cells. Alternatively, C-CPE fusion proteins may prove superior to use of native CPE for cancer treatment. Finally, C-CPE may have application for other medical treatments, including vaccination or increasing drug absorption. The coming years should witness increasing exploitation of this otherwise formidable toxin.
Disulfur and diselenium complexes of rhodium and iridium (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisulfur and diselenium complexes of rhodium and iridiumA. P. Ginsberg, W. E. Lindsell, C. R. Sprinkle, K. W. West, and R. L. CohenCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 10, 3666–3681Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00140a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00140a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Solvent-Free Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Amorphous and Crystalline <i>ortho</i>-Terphenyl (2013)

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) of amorphous and crystalline ortho-terphenyl (OTP) in the absence of glass forming agents is presented in order to gauge the feasibility of applying DNP to pharmaceutical solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and to study the effect of intermolecular structure, or lack thereof, on the DNP enhancement. By way of (1)H-(13)C cross-polarization, we obtained a DNP enhancement (ε) of 58 for 95% deuterated OTP in the amorphous state using the biradical bis-TEMPO terephthalate (bTtereph) and ε of 36 in the crystalline state. Measurements of the (1)H T1 and electron paramagnetic resonance experiments showed the crystallization process led to phase separation of the polarization agent, creating an inhomogeneous distribution of radicals within the sample. Consequently, the effective radical concentration was decreased in the bulk OTP phase, and long-range (1)H-(1)H spin diffusion was the main polarization propagation mechanism. Preliminary DNP experiments with the glass-forming anti-inflammation drug, indomethacin, showed promising results, and further studies are underway to prepare DNP samples using pharmaceutical techniques.
Impact of Respiratory Virus Infections on Persons With Chronic Underlying Conditions (2000)

Our study suggests that respiratory virus infections commonly trigger serious acute respiratory conditions that result in hospitalization of patients with chronic underlying conditions, highlighting the need for development of effective vaccines for these viruses, especially for parainfluenza and RSV.
The Photochemical Decomposition of the Halides of Tris-(ethylenediamine)-cobalt(III) in the Solid State<sup>1</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Photochemical Decomposition of the Halides of Tris-(ethylenediamine)-cobalt(III) in the Solid State1Donald Klein, Carl W. Moeller, and Roland WardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 2, 265–269Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01535a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01535a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spectral sensitivity optimization of color image sensors considering photon shot noise (2009)

Filter optimization is investigated to design digital camera color filters that achieved high color accuracy and low image noise when a sensor's inherent photon shot noise is considered. In a computer simulation, both RGB- and CMY-type filter sets are examined. Although CMY filters collect more photons, performance is worse than for RGB filters in terms of either color reproduction or noise due to the large noise amplification during the color transformation. When RGB filter sets are used and photon shot noise is considered, the peak wavelength of the R channel should be longer (620 to 630 nm) than the case when only color reproduction is considered: peak wavelengths 600, 550, and 450 nm for RGB channels, respectively. Increasing the wavelength reduces noise fluctuation along the a* axis, the most prominent noise component in the latter case; however, color accuracy is reduced. The tradeoff between image noise and color accuracy due to the peak wavelength of the R channel leads to a four-channel camera consisting of two R sensors and G and B. One of the two R channels is selected according to the difference in levels to reduce noise while maintaining accurate color reproduction.
Constructing Definitive Screening Designs Using Conference Matrices (2012)

Jones and Nachtsheim (2011) propose a new class of designs for definitive screening. These designs have very nice properties for practical use. Their construction approach requires a computerized search. This short note provides a theoretical basis for design construction, making use of conference matrices. The design construction is straightforward, and the resulting design is always a global optimum definitive screening design. The proposed method only works when the number of factors is even, however.
New approach to 2d Medium PRF ambiguity resolution with application to air surveillance radar (2008)

This paper illustrates a new algorithm for noncoherent integration and ambiguity resolution in medium PRF wave-forms. Range and Doppler ambiguity resolution is one of the main issues in Medium PRF radars [1,2,3]; it will be shown that the proposed algorithm provides range and Doppler ambiguities resolution as an inherent feature while maximizing detection probability with respect to conventional binary integration. The algorithm is described and tested by means of a numerical examples, in which non ideal radar accuracies and target cell migration are considered and managed with a proper clustering technique. The resulting design of the algorithm shows high robustness to the aforementioned sources of error affecting radar measurements.
Internet holes — Part 7: The human side (1996)

Perhaps the biggest Internet hole of all is the fact that when an incident is detected, there's no uniform or enforceable way to track down attackers and punish them. Our system detects and prevents over 350 attacks per year, tracks each of them down to a specific computer (and in some cases even a specific user), and reports many of them to the administrator of the affected site. In 1995, our efforts resulted in action against only about five individuals, and in no case was the action of any noticeable significance. One person was told to stop it, one person was told to be more polite, one person was given a copy of the site policy and told not to do it again, … you get the idea. There's an old saying about computer crime that goes something like this: The likelihood of getting detected is one in 100. If detected, the likelihood of getting caught is one in 50. If caught, the chances of being arrested are one in 10. If arrested, the chances of going to trial are one in 10. If you go to trial, the chances of being found guilty are one in three. The average sentence is community service. If this is true, the risk is one in 1.5 million of being punished. We've done our part by cutting this down to 1 in 15 000. Now if we could only get everyone else to do their part, we could win this thing.
Neuroacanthocytosis. A clinical, haematological and pathological study of 19 cases. (1991)

Nineteen cases are described, including 12 cases from three different families and 7 nonfamilial cases, in which multisystem neurological disease was associated with acanthocytosis in peripheral blood and normal plasma lipoproteins. Mild acanthocytosis can easily be overlooked, and scanning electron microscopy may be helpful. Some neurologically asymptomatic relatives with significant acanthocytosis were identified during family screening, including some who were clinically affected. The mean age of onset was 32 (range 8-62) yrs and the clinical course was usually progressive but there was marked phenotypic variation. Cognitive impairment, psychiatric features and organic personality change occurred in over half the cases, and more than one-third had seizures. Orofaciolingual involuntary movements and pseudobulbar disturbance commonly caused dysphagia and dysarthria that was sometimes severe, but biting of the lips or tongue was rarely seen. Chorea was seen in almost all symptomatic cases but dystonia, tics, involuntary vocalizations and akinetic-rigid features also occurred. Two cases had no movement disorder at all. Computerized tomography often demonstrated cerebral atrophy. Caudate atrophy was seen less commonly, and nonspecific focal and symmetric signal abnormalities from the caudate or lentiform nuclei were seen by magnetic resonance imaging in 3 out of 4 cases. Depression or absence of tendon reflexes was noted in 13 cases and neurophysiological abnormalities often indicated an axonal neuropathy. Sural nerve biopsies from 3 cases showed evidence of a chronic axonal neuropathy with prominent regenerative activity, predominantly affecting the large diameter myelinated fibres. Serum creatine kinase activity was increased in 11 cases but without clinical evidence of a myopathy. Postmortem neuropathological examination in 1 case revealed extensive neuronal loss and gliosis affecting the corpus striatum, pallidum, and the substantia nigra, especially the pars reticulata. The cerebral cortex appeared spared and the spinal cord showed no evidence of anterior horn cell loss. Two examples of the McLeod phenotype, an X-linked abnormality of expression of Kell blood group antigens, were identified in a single family and included 1 female. The genetics of neuroacanthocytosis are unclear and probably heterogeneous, but the available pedigree data and the association with the McLeod phenotype suggest that there may be a locus for this disorder on the short arm of the X chromosome.
Decorative Reading: Some Implications of Ordinatio in Piers Plowman (1996)

Critical analysis of Piers Plowman frequently rests on two assumptions — the theory of bipartition (the division of the poem into visio and vita) and the related theory of segmentation of the vita into the triad: dowel, dobet, and dobest. These theories have resulted in readings of the poem invariably quadripartite and triadic and, in my view, have obscured the dominant of Piers Plowman—the dream vision genre. Biparition and segmentation inevitably mask the B-text’s unique arrangement of a sequence of dream visions (each with its distinctive generic markers of prologue, vision, and epilogue) and cloud any structural grouping of those visions. The visio section, for example, combines dream visions one and two (B. Prol., Passus 1-7), and any structural configuration which extends beyond this theoretical boundary seems untenable — perhaps even unthinkable — given the critical tradition of the poem. That critical tradition, however, rests on past editorial decisions and involves to some extent the suppression and misrepresentation of manuscript evidence of disagreement with, challenge to, and uncertainty regarding bipartition and segmentation. Some manuscripts foster suggestions of an alternative grouping of dream visions within Piers Plowman, suggestions that emerge from the ordinatio.
An Improved Position Weight Matrix method based on an entropy measure for the recognition of prokaryotic promoters (2011)

In this paper, an Improved Position Weight Matrix (IPWM) method is proposed based on an entropy measure for the recognition of prokaryotic promoters. In this method, the conservative sites of the prokaryotic promoters are extracted according to an entropy measure, and then two improved position weight matrices are constructed based on the training set. By using the values of the matrix elements in the specific columns corresponding to the extracted conservative sites, the test sequences are scored and subsequently classified. Experiment results on several datasets show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing ones.
Thermochemistry and Structure of Low Pressure Chemically Vapor Deposited and Bulk SiO2 ‐  P 2 O 5 and SiO2 ‐ GeO2 Glasses (1986)

Heterogeneously (film) and homogeneously low pressure chemically vapor deposited ("snow") and glass samples have been prepared at various temperatures. Bulk glass samples have also been made by melting the oxides. High temperature transposed drop and solution calorimetry have provided thermochemical data on the two binary glass systems. LPCVD film and "snow" samples are metastable relative to bulk or annealed samples by up to ∼152 kJ mol−1. The "snow" samples are the most metastable. With increasing temperature of deposition, the total excess enthalpy stored in the film samples decreases. The 703 K deposited film samples are the most stable energetically. There is also indication of a negative heat of mixing in binary glasses. Bulk glasses mix nonideally with a negative heat of mixing of at the 50 mole percent composition. Infrared spectroscopy showed Si‐OH and Si‐H species present in the as‐deposited LPCVD samples. These species disappear on annealing. Scanning electron microscopy showed that films have a smooth surface in general but bubbles are present, especially in the annealed samples. "Snows" present a variety of surface morphologies and very high surface areas.
COMPARATIVE EVOLUTION OF CEREALS (1973)

Journal Article COMPARATIVE EVOLUTION OF CEREALS Get access Jack R. Harlan, Jack R. Harlan Department of Agronomy University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. M. J. de Wet, J. M. J. de Wet Department of Agronomy University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Glen Price E. Glen Price Department of Agronomy University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Evolution, Volume 27, Issue 2, 1 June 1973, Pages 311–325, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1973.tb00676.x Published: 01 June 1973 Article history Received: 04 May 1972 Published: 01 June 1973
[Pharmacological studies on oxatomide (KW-4354): (2) Effect on the experimental models of the type 1-type 4 allergic reactions]. (1982)

The present experiment was performed to examine the effects of oxatomide on the four types of allergic reactions classified by Cooms and Gell. 1) type 1: Oxatomide administered p.o. showed inhibitory effects on the 48 hr homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats and the passive anaphylactic bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs. 2) type 2: Oxatomide showed few effects on the complement-dependent cytolysis of sheep red blood cells, the Forssman shock in guinea pigs, and the reversed cutaneous anaphylaxis and the swelling of the footpad induced by rabbit antiserum against rat serum in rats. 3) type 3: Oxatomide alleviated the symptoms during the early stage of the active Arthus reaction in guinea pigs, but the drug did not inhibit the symptoms during the later stage of the reaction. 4) type 4: Oxatomide did not exert an inhibitory effect on the delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to picryl chloride and to sheep red blood cells in mice. These results indicate that oxatomide selectively suppress the type 1 allergic reaction.