gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Profound Effect of Profiling Platform and Normalization Strategy on Detection of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs – A Comparative Study (2012)

We recommend the application of loess, or loessM, and GPA normalization for miRNA Agilent arrays and qPCR cards as these normalization approaches showed to (i) effectively reduce standard deviations, (ii) increase sensitivity and accuracy of differential miRNA expression detection as well as (iii) increase inter-platform concordance. Results showed the successful adoption of loessM and generalized procrustes analysis to one-color miRNA profiling experiments.
Xử trí thất bại làm tổ liên tiếp dựa trên Y học chứng cứ (2015)

Thất bại lam tổ lien tiếp được xac định la khong thể co thai lâm sang sau khi chuyển it nhất bốn phoi chất lượng tốt trong it nhất 3 chu kỳ thụ tinh trong ống nghiệm với phoi tươi hoặc phoi sau ra đong ở phụ nữ dưới 40 tuổi. Thất bại lam tổ co thể lien quan đến yếu tố phoi hoặc do tử cung. Những trường hợp nay cần được kham cẩn thận để xac định nguyen nhân. Đanh gia chức nang buồng trứng thong qua chỉ số nang thứ cấp (AFC), FSH va AMH. Tang phân mảnh tinh trung co thể la một nguyen nhân. Cac bất thường khac nhau tại tử cung như u xơ tử cung, polyp nội mạc, bất thường bẩm sinh va dinh buồng tử cung cần được loại trừ nhờ phương tiện như sieu âm, nội soi buồng. Ứ dịch voi tử cung cũng co thể la một nguyen nhân gây thất bại lam tổ va cần chỉ định chụp phim cản quang (HSG) để xac định. Nếu cần thiết, chỉ định nội soi ổ bụng la phương tiện đang tin cậy để chẩn đoan cũng như can thiệp tinh trạng nay. Việc điều trị cần dựa vao y học chứng cứ, mục đich giup cải thiện chất lượng phoi va khả nang chấp nhận của nội mạc tử cung. Nếu khong giải quyết được tinh trạng thất bại lam tổ trong những chu kỳ IVF tiếp theo, co thể cân nhắc việc cho nhận giao tử, phoi hoặc mang thai hộ.
Impaired fasting glucose and the risk of hypertension in Japanese men between the 1980s and the 1990s. The Osaka Health Survey. (1999)

This study demonstrated direct correlation between IFG and hypertension and greater incidence of this hypertension in the 1990s group than in the 1980s group.
EGFR-mediated expression of aquaporin-3 is involved in human skin fibroblast migration (2006)

AQP3 (aquaporin-3), known as an integral membrane channel in epidermal keratinocytes, facilitates water and glycerol movement into and out of the skin. Here, we demonstrate that AQP3 is also expressed in cultured human skin fibroblasts, which under normal wound healing processes migrate from surrounding tissues to close the wound. EGF (epidermal growth factor), which induced fibroblast migration, also induced AQP3 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner. CuSO4 and NiCl2, previously known as AQP3 water transport inhibitors, as well as two other bivalent heavy metals Mn2+ and Co2+, inhibited EGF-induced cell migration in human skin fibroblasts. AQP3 knockdown by small interfering RNA inhibited EGF-induced AQP3 expression and cell migration. Furthermore, an EGFR (EGF receptor) kinase inhibitor, PD153035, blocked EGF-induced AQP3 expression and cell migration. MEK [MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)/ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) kinase]/ERK inhibitor U0126 and PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) inhibitor LY294002 also inhibited EGF-induced AQP3 expression and cell migration. Collectively, our findings show for the first time that AQP3 is expressed in human skin fibroblasts and that EGF induces AQP3 expression via EGFR, PI3K and ERK signal transduction pathways. We have provided evidence for a novel role of AQP3 in human skin fibroblast cell migration, which occurs during normal wound healing.
Control of Starch Synthesis in Cereals: Metabolite Analysis of Transgenic Rice Expressing an Up-Regulated Cytoplasmic ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase in Developing Seeds (2009)

We had previously demonstrated that expression of a cytoplasmic-localized ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) mutant gene from Escherichia coli in rice endosperm resulted in enhanced starch synthesis and, in turn, higher seed weights. In this study, the levels of the major primary carbon metabolites were assessed in wild type and four transgenic CS8 rice lines expressing 3- to 6-fold higher AGPase activity. Consistent with the increase in AGPase activity, all four transgenic CS8 lines showed elevated levels of ADPglucose (ADPglc) although the extent of increases in this metabolite was much higher than the extent of increases in starch as measured by seed weight. Surprisingly, the levels of several other key intermediates were significantly altered. Glucose 1-phosphate (Glc 1-P), a substrate of the AGPase reaction, as well as UDPglucose and Glc 6-P were also elevated to the same relative extent in the transgenic lines compared with the wild-type control. Analysis of metabolite ratios showed no significant differences between the wild type and transgenic lines, indicating that the reactions leading from sucrose metabolism to ADPglc formation were in near equilibrium. Moreover, glucose and fructose levels were also elevated in three transgenic lines that showed the largest differences in metabolites and seed weight over the wild type, suggesting the induction of invertase. Overall, the results indicate that the AGPase-catalyzed reaction is no longer limiting in the transgenic lines, and constraints on carbon flux into starch are downstream of ADPglc formation, resulting in an elevation of precursors upstream of ADPglc formation.
Cannabidiol in conjunction with clobazam: analysis of four randomized controlled trials (2020)

Add-on CBD was effective in reducing seizures in the overall populations and in conjunction with clobazam. Somnolence and sedation occurred more frequently in patients on CBD and clobazam.
Carbohydrate PEGylation in Chemotherapy (2016)

Improvement of drug delivery by covalent modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been widely applied to proteins and low molecular weight pharmaceuticals. Protein therapeutic agents have the drawback of short circulating half-life due to their lability towards proteolytic enzymes and rapid clearance by kidney filtration. Moreover, their recognition by the immune system results in the production of neutralizing antibodies. Several strategies have been used for the PEGylation of proteins at the amino group of lysine but the product is heterogeneous due to random PEGylation. More recently, selective PEGylation of proteins was achieved by introduction of a PEGylated carbohydrate in an O-glycosylation site. This technique is called glycoPEGylation and is used for the production of several therapeutics, some of them are currently in advanced clinical trials. Improvement of the delivery system rather than the drug itself has led to the optimization of the therapeutic properties of existing drugs by minimizing their side effects. In this respect, active targeting to receptors present in cancer tissues prevents healthy ones from being damaged. Since carbohydrates have been recognized as playing an important role in the interaction with cell receptors, PEGylated carbohydrates have been used for active targeting of drugs. In this review we discuss different applications of sugar-PEGylation.
Comparison of background extraction based intrusion detection algorithms (2002)

Several pelwise motion detectors are reviewed in this paper. They are compared in the context of intrusion detection in indoor scenes. The presented motion detection algorithms are based on a pelwise detection of changes in the observed input frame with respect to a recursively updated background. The same global decision module is applied to the outputs of the respective pelwise change detectors. The overall performance is shown to depend on the type of the pelwise temporal filter, and on the image features applied to it.
On the location and function of the noncatalytic sites on the bovine heart mitochondrial F1-ATPase. (1988)

Modification of Tyr-345 at a catalytic site in a single beta subunit of the bovine heart mitochondrial F1-ATPase (MF1) by 5'-p-fluorosulfonylbenzoylinosine did not affect subsequent labeling of noncatalytic sites at Tyr-368 and His-427 in three copies of the beta subunit by 5'-p-fluorosulfonylbenzoyladenosine (FSBA). These results clearly show that the beta subunit contains at least parts of the catalytic and noncatalytic nucleotide binding sites. Inactivation of MF1 by 96% with FSBA was accompanied by a decrease in the endogenous ADP content from 1.86 to 0.10 mol per mol of MF1. Decrease in the endogenous ADP content during the inactivation of the enzyme with FSBA paralleled loss in activity in a manner which suggests that the reaction of FSBA with an open noncatalytic site promoted release of ADP from another noncatalytic site until the third site reacted with FSBA. Two pKa values of about 5.9 and 7.6 were observed on the acid side of the pH optimum in the pH-rate profile for ATP hydrolysis catalyzed by MF1 in neutral acid buffers. In contrast, a single pKa of 5.9 was present in the pH-rate profile for ITP hydrolysis catalyzed by the enzyme in the same buffers. The augmented rate observed for ATP hydrolysis at pH 8.0, over that observed at pH 6.5, was lost as the enzyme was inactivated by FSBA in a manner suggesting that modulation is lost as the third noncatalytic site is modified. This suggests that ATP hydrolysis by MF1 is modulated in a pH-dependent manner by ATP binding to an open noncatalytic site. Two other modulations associated with binding of adenine nucleotides to noncatalytic sites, ADP-induced hysteretic inhibition and apparent negative cooperativity reflected by the Hill coefficient for the hydrolysis of 50-3000 microM ATP at pH 8.0, also disappeared as the third noncatalytic site reacted with FSBA.
PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and cancer: an updated review (2014)

Despite development of novel agents targeting oncogenic pathways, matching targeted therapies to the genetic status of individual tumors is proving to be a daunting task for clinicians. To improve the clinical efficacy and to reduce the toxic side effects of treatments, a deep characterization of genetic alterations in different tumors is required. The mutational profile often evidences a gain of function or hyperactivity of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) in tumors. These enzymes are activated downstream tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) and/or G proteins coupled receptors (GPCRs) and, via AKT, are able to induce mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) stimulation. Here, we elucidate the impact of class I (p110α, β, γ, and δ) catalytic subunit mutations on AKT-mediated cellular processes that control crucial mechanisms in tumor development. Moreover, the interrelation of PI3K signaling with mTOR, ERK, and RAS pathways will be discussed, exploiting the potential benefits of PI3K signaling inhibitors in clinical use.
Enhanced Tumour Uptake of Doxorubicin Loaded Poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles in Mice Bearing Dalton's Lymphoma Tumour (2004)

The objective of this study is to enhance the delivery of Doxorubicin hydrochloride to Dalton's lymphoma solid tumour through poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBC) nanoparticles. Doxorubicin loaded PBC (DPBC) nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion polymerization and characterized by particle size analysis, zeta potential and scanning electron microscopy. Doxorubicin HCl (Dox) and DPBC nanoparticles were radiolabeled with 99mTc by reduction method using stannous chloride and optimized the labeling parameters to obtain high labeling efficiency. The in vitro stability of 99mTc-labeled complexes was determined by DTPA and cysteine challenge test. The labeled complexes showed very low transchelation and high in vitro and serum stability. 99mTc labeled complexes of Dox and DPBC nanoparticles were administered subcutaneously below the Dalton's lymphoma tumour and biodistribution was studied. The distribution of DPBC nanoparticles to the blood, heart and organs of RES such as liver, lung and spleen was biphasic with a rapid initial distribution, followed by a significant decrease later at 6 h post-injection. The distribution of Dox to tissues was very low initially and increased significantly at 6 h post-injection indicating its accumulation at the injection site for a longer time. The concentration of DPBC nanoparticles was also found high in tissues at 6 h post-injection indicating their accumulation at the subcutaneous site and consequent disposition to tissues with time. A significantly high tumour uptake of DPBC nanoparticles (approximately 13 fold higher at 48 h post-injection) (P <0.001) was found compared to free Dox. The tumour concentrations of both Dox and DPBC nanoparticles increased with time indicating their slow penetration from the injection site into tumour. The concentration of DPBC nanoparticles in the femur bone in the tumour region was also significantly higher (P <0.001) than free Dox and increased with time. The study signifies the advantage of delivering Dox to Dalton's lymphoma through PBC nanoparticles by facilitating enhanced tumour uptake and prolonged tumour retention, which are expected to lead to greater therapeutic effect in the form of tumour regression.
경영자의 4분기 이익조정과 계속감사인의 감사보수 (2010)

본 연구는 감사보수가 높은 감사인일수록 고품질의 감사서비스를 제공하여 타 분기의 이익조정보다 4분기의 이익조정이 감소하는지와 감사품질의 유지를 위해 4분기의 재무적 특성을 고려하여 감사보수를 결정하는지를 분석하였다. 2004년부터 2007년까지 제조업을 영위하는 기업 중 분기보고서를 공시한 2,623개(기업/년)의 계속감사기업을 대상으로 당기 감사보수와 4분기 이익조정의 관련성을 검증한 결과 당기감사보수와 4분기 이익조정은 유의한 음(-)의 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 높은 감사보수를 받는 감사인이 높은 감사품질을 제공하여 4분기 이익조정을 효과적으로 억제하고 있음을 의미한다. 또한 청산효과를 통제한 직전 4분기 이익조정도 감사인의 차기 감사보수 변화와 유의한 양(+)의 관련성을 보여 감사인이 지속적으로 높은 감사품질을 유지하기 위해서 직전 4분기 경영자의 이익조정 정도를 차기 감사보수 조정 시 반영하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과들은 다음과 같은 시사점을 제공한다. 우선 우리나라 4분기 이익조정이 타 분기에 비해 낮고 적자회피 성향도 작은 원인에 대한 실증적 증거를 제시하였다는 점이다. 특히 본 연구의 결과들은 분기별 이익조정의 청산효과 뿐 아니라 감사인의 외부감사효과에 의해서도 영향을 받는다는 결과를 보여준다. 다음으로 감사인이 감사품질 유지를 위해 직전연도의 최종 4분기 이익조정을 차기 감사보수 조정에 활용한다는 연구결과는 계속감사가 일정 감사품질을 유지하는 데 있어서 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 보였다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다.
Touching Products Virtually: Facilitating Consumer Mental Imagery with Gesture Control and Visual Presentation (2019)

Gesture-based interaction has greatly changed the way in which we interact with online products by allowing users to control digital systems with hand movements. This study investigates how gesture-based interaction modes, namely, mid-air gesture and touchscreen gesture, compared with mouse-based interaction, affect consumers’ virtual product experiences (VPE) by eliciting mental imagery (i.e., haptic imagery and spatial imagery). Furthermore, we explore how visual product presentation can be designed to facilitate different types of interaction modes. Through a lab experiment, we find that touchscreen gesture outper- forms mid-air gesture and mouse-based interaction in terms of eliciting haptic imagery, and this effect is mitigated when 3D presentation is used. We also find that mid-air gesture outperforms touchscreen gesture and mouse-based interaction in terms of eliciting spatial imagery when 3D presentation is used. Both haptic imagery and spatial imagery can further reduce consumers’ product uncertainty. Our results extend prior work on interactivity design of VPE and further contribute to the emerging literature on gesture-based interaction.
Ultrastructure of Rosette-Forming Cells in the Mouse during the Antibody Response (1969)

Summary Ninety-four single rosette-forming (RF) cells obtained from the spleens of mice 2 to 6 days after primary injection of sheep erythrocytes were studied with the electron microscope. The observed RF cells could be classified in five ultrastructurally distinct groups, 1) lymphocytes, 2) plasma cells, 3) “cells with pale nuclei,” 4) “cells with cytoplasmic bodies,” and 5) macrophages. Two morphologic findings had not been described in antibody-containing cells before. 1) In most of the medium-sized and in all the large RF lymphocytes clusters of ribosomes were surrounded by patches of matrix more electron dense than the rest of the ground substance and less dense than the ribosomes. The significance of these patches with respect to antibody synthesis is discussed. 2) Cells in Group 4 contained round lysosome-like cytoplasmic bodies, which were larger (τ;2 µ diameter) than the lysosomes described in lymphoid cells transformed by mitogens. The cytoplasm of some of these cells was otherwise undifferentiated. The developmental interrelations of the various RF cells are discussed in terms of morphologic criteria and sequence of appearance.
Quickest spectrum detection using hidden Markov Model for cognitive radio (2009)

The prerequisite of accessing white spectrum is to find and locate it. Our work deals with spectrum detection and recognition under the umbrella of cognitive radio. In the procedure of spectrum recognition, a frequency sweeping device sweeps the wideband spectrum and the samples of the wideband power spectrum density (PSD) are fed into different hidden Markov models (HMMs) sequentially. The core idea of sequential detection or quickest detection is borrowed and utilized here from the classical detection theory. In our proposed approach, forward variables from different HMMs are sequentially exploited to generate the decision statistics. The decision can be made any time as long as the condition is met. The motivation of our work is to detect the availability of spectra and recognize the spectra as quickly as possible and thus shorten the time delay of detection so as to improve the spectrum utilization. The PSDs of Wi-Fi signal, CDMA signal and GSM signal are measured using a spectrum analyzer (SA). These acquired data are used to train HMMs beforehand. Meanwhile, a fourth HMM is trained by the PSD of blank spectrum. Experimental results shows this proposed approach is effective.
Impact of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt implantation on liver perfusion measured by volume perfusion CT (2017)

Background Implantation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) induces changes of liver perfusion. Purpose To determine the changes in arterial, portal venous, and total perfusion of the liver parenchyma induced by TIPS using the technique of volume perfusion computed tomography (VPCT) and compare results with invasively measured hepatic intravascular pressure values. Material and Methods VPCT quantification of liver perfusion was performed in 23 patients (mean age, 62.5 ± 8.8 years) with portal hypertension in the pre-TIPS and post-TIPS setting, respectively. A commercially available software package was used for post-processing, enabling separate calculation of the dual (arterial [ALP] and portal venous [PVP]) blood supply and additionally of the hepatic perfusion index (HPI) (HPI = ALP/(ALP + PVP)*100%). Invasive pressure measurements were performed during the intervention, before and after TIPS placement. Liver function tests performed before and after the procedure were compared. Results Mean decrease of pressure gradient through TIPS was 13.3 mmHg. Mean normal values for ALP, PVP, and total perfusion (ALP + PVP) before TIPS were 15.9, 37.7, and 53.5 mL/100 mL/min, respectively, mean HPI was 35.4%. After TIPS, ALP increased to a mean value of 37.7 mL/100 mL/min, PVP decreased (15.7 mL/100 mL/min, P < 0.05), whereas total perfusion remained unchanged (53.4 mL/100 mL/min, P = 0.97). HPI increased (71.9%; P < 0.05). No correlation between invasive pressure measurement and VPCT parameters was observed. After TIPS, liver function tests were found to worsen with a significant increase of bilirubin ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Following TIPS placement, ALP and HPI increased in all patients, whereas PVP markedly decreased. Interestingly, the magnitude of decrease in portosystemic pressure gradients was not found to correlate with VPCT parameters.
Synthesis and properties of soluble poly（aryl ether sulfone ether ketone）s copolymers containing pendant methyl groups (2009)

Medical students with higher resilience levels had a better quality of life and a better perception of educational environment. Developing resilience may become an important strategy to minimize emotional distress and enhance medical training.
Minimal skew clock embedding considering time variant temperature gradient (2007)

The existing temperature-aware clock embedding assumes a time-invariant temperature gradient. However, it is not solved how to find the worst-case temperature gradient leading to the worst case skew. In this paper, we develop a PErturbation based Clock Optimization(PECO) considering the time-variant temperature gradient. For a given clock topology, we minimizethe worst case skew without asking for the worst case temperature map. We decide the merging point level by level based on the sensitivity of the skew with respect to the change of merging point. Such sensitivity is calculated using a parameterized model, which is compressed by a singular-value-decomposition (SVD) and K-meansbased clustering considering the temperature correlation. The experimental results show that our algorithm reduces worst-case skew by up to 5X compared to the existing zero skew based ZST/DME method with small (up to 1%) wirelength overhead.
Regulation of the insulin-like developmental pathway of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> by a homolog of the <i>PTEN</i> tumor suppressor gene (1999)

The human PTEN tumor suppressor gene is mutated in a wide variety of sporadic tumors. To determine the function of PTEN in vivo we have studied a PTEN homolog in Caenorhabditis elegans. We have generated a strong loss-of-function allele of the PTEN homolog and shown that the deficient strain is unable to enter dauer diapause. An insulin-like phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase (PI3'K) signaling pathway regulates dauer-stage entry. Mutations in either the daf-2 insulin receptor-like (IRL) gene or the age-1 encoded PI3'K catalytic subunit homolog cause constitutive dauer formation and also affect the life span, brood size, and metabolism of nondauer animals. Strikingly, loss-of-function mutations in the age-1 PI3'K and daf-2 IRL genes are suppressed by loss-of-function mutations in the PTEN homolog. We establish that the PTEN homolog is encoded by daf-18, a previously uncloned gene that has been shown to interact genetically with the DAF-2 IRL AGE-1 PI3'K signaling pathway. This interaction provides clear genetic evidence that PTEN acts to antagonize PI3'K function in vivo. Given the conservation of the PI3'K signaling pathway between C. elegans and mammals, the analysis of daf-18 PTEN mutant nematodes should shed light on the role of human PTEN in the etiology of metabolic disease, aging, and cancer.
Development of a low-power SRAM compiler (2002)

With the proliferation of portable consumer electronics, power-consumption becomes a key design criterion, while the speed of memories is still the bottleneck for high-speed applications. In this paper, we discuss the development of an SRAM compiler with the capability to choose between a low-power and a high-speed SRAM. Experimental results show that the low-power version of our 1-kB SRAM can function at a minimum operating voltage of 2.1 V and dissipates 17.4 mW of average power at 20 MHz.
In Vivo Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Posterior Lamellar Keratoplasty in Rabbits (2006)

The femtosecond laser can make nonmechanical cuts for posterior lamellar keratoplasty with relative ease and reliability in rabbit eyes. A minimum residual anterior corneal thickness may need to be maintained to prevent ectasia.