gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High gain signal amplification in an InSb transphasor at 77 K (1983)

We present experimental observations of the variations of the input-output characteristic of a nonlinear Fabry–Perot resonator as a function of initial detuning. The characteristics include regions with various differential gains, or show hysteresis with the width of the bistable region being variable. Operating the device as a transphasor (optical transistor), a signal of 3 μW can be amplified with a signal power gain of up to 104 with the device operating at 77 K and 1819 cm−1.
Learning to Transfer Examples for Partial Domain Adaptation (2019)

Domain adaptation is critical for learning in new and unseen environments. With domain adversarial training, deep networks can learn disentangled and transferable features that effectively diminish the dataset shift between the source and target domains for knowledge transfer. In the era of Big Data, the ready availability of large-scale labeled datasets has stimulated wide interest in partial domain adaptation (PDA), which transfers a recognizer from a labeled large domain to an unlabeled small domain. It extends standard domain adaptation to the scenario where target labels are only a subset of source labels. Under the condition that target labels are unknown, the key challenge of PDA is how to transfer relevant examples in the shared classes to promote positive transfer, and ignore irrelevant ones in the specific classes to mitigate negative transfer. In this work, we propose a unified approach to PDA, Example Transfer Network (ETN), which jointly learns domain-invariant representations across the source and target domains, and a progressive weighting scheme that quantifies the transferability of source examples while controlling their importance to the learning task in the target domain. A thorough evaluation on several benchmark datasets shows that our approach achieves state-of-the-art results for partial domain adaptation tasks.
Vanadium Dichloride Induced Addition of Bromotrichloromethane to Olefinic Compounds (1990)

Vanadium dichloride induced the regioselective addition reaction of bromotrichloromethane to terminal olefins such as allyl acetate, allyl phenyl ether, and vinyl acetate giving Cl3CCH2CH(Br)R. In the case of hydroxy olefins, addition of bromotrichloromethane was followed by cyclization to an oxacycloalkane.
Characterization of the high-affinity cell-surface receptor for murine B-cell-stimulating factor 1. (1987)

Radiolabeled recombinant murine B-cell-stimulatory factor 1 (BSF-1) was used to characterize receptors specific for this lymphokine on the surface of primary B and T cells and in vitro cell lines representing the B-cell, T-cell, mast cell, macrophage, and myelomonocytic lineages. BSF-1 binding was rapid and saturable at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C with a slow dissociation rate. On all cell types examined, BSF-1 bound to a single class of high-affinity receptor (less than 2000 receptors per cell) with a Ka of 10(10)-10(11) M-1. Receptor expression on resting primary B and T cells was low (less than 100 receptors per cell), whereas activation with lipopolysaccharide or Con A produced a 5- to 10-fold increase in receptor numbers. Among a panel of lymphokines and growth hormones, only unlabeled BSF-1 was able to compete for the binding of 125I-labeled BSF-1. Affinity crosslinking experiments resulted in the identification on all cells tested of a receptor protein with an average Mr of 75,000.
The Intentional Stance (1987)

How are we able to understand and anticipate each other in everyday life, in our daily interactions? Through the use of such concepts as belief, desire, intention, and expectation, asserts Daniel Dennett in this first full-scale presentation of a theory of intentionality that he has been developing for almost twenty years. We adopt a stance, he argues, a predictive strategy of interpretation that presupposes the rationality of the people - or other entities - we are hoping to understand and predict.These principles of radical interpretation have far-reaching implications for the metaphysical and scientific status of the processes referred to by the everday terms of folk psychology and their corresponding terms in cognitive science.While Dennett's philosophical stance has been steadfast over the years, his views have undergone successive enrichments, refinements, and extensions. Intentional Stance brings together both previously published and original material: four of the book's ten chapters - its first and the final three - appear here for the first time and push the theory into surprising new territory. The remaining six were published earlier in the 1980s but were not easily accessible; each is followed by a reflection - an essay reconsidering and extending the claims of the earlier work. These reflections and the new chapters represent the vanguard of Dennett's thought. They reveal fresh lines of inquiry into fundamental issues in psychology, artificial intelligence, and evolutionary theory as well as traditional issues in the philosophy of mind.Daniel C. Dennett is Distinguished Arts and Sciences Professor at Tufts University and the author of Brainstorms and Elbow Room. Intentional Stance, along with these works, is a Bradford Book.
Evaluation of Exotic Germplasm of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) for Economic Traits (2010)

Genetic diversity in Brassica crop is limited as compared to the variability within the species and its relatives including exotic germplasm. The exotic germplasm lines have been found to be reservoir of genetic diversity, especially to several agro-morphological traits and disease resistance which causes severe yield losses in the country. Therefore, one hundred exotic accessions of Indian mustard were evaluated for various agro-morphological, quality traits and disease resistance against two major diseases of this crop, i.e., Alternaria blight (Alternaria brassicae) and white rust (Albugo candida). Among the traits studied, the highest variability was observed for secondary branches per plant (CV 47.3%) followed by siliqua beak length (CV 43.6%) while the least variability was observed for oil content (CV 4.3%) followed by protein content (CV 6%). All the exotic accessions were small seeded. More than sixty percent of total accessions were late maturing. The accession EC511435 was identified as a useful donor for early flowering, more secondary branches per plant and high seed yield per plant as compared to best check. However, EC 511407 and EC511435 were identified as donors for high oil content and high seed yield. Seed yield was positively and significantly correlated with main shoot length, siliquae on main shoot, plant height and oil content. Seven aaccessions showed tolerance to Alternaria blight (percent disease severity or PDS < 10), while eleven accessions to white rust (PDS < 1). However, four accessions namely, EC 511504, EC 511507, EC 511472 and EC511513 showed combined tolerance to both the diseases.
T-Cell-Targeted Biologicals for Psoriasis (2004)

Psoriasis is now accepted as a T-cell-mediated disease and that targeting of T cell function and/or trafficking is a logical approach to therapy. As a consequence of recombinant DNA technologies biologic therapies are synthesisable in sufficient quantities for clinical use. The original proof of concept for T-cell-targeted therapies in psoriasis came with the demonstration that anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies were effective. Progress is such that two T-cell-directed biologicals - alefacept and efalizumab - have recently been approved in the U.S.A. for the treatment of psoriasis. In addition to providing new therapies the T-cell-targeted biologicals with their selective approach can be used as sophisticated tools to dissect out and help our understanding of key pathomechanisms in psoriasis; the non - efficacy of anti - E-selectin is a case in point. It is likely that the most appropriate place for T-cell-directed biologicals in the management of chronic plaque psoriasis will be for maintenance, rather than induction, of remission. This is a reflection of mode of action and relative safety for long-term administration.
Contrasting grey system theory to probability and fuzzy (1995)

By contrasting grey system theory with probability theory, statistics, and fuzzy systems, we know the features that make the grey system different are:&bull; reality law&bull; grey hazy set (foundation)&bull; small sample (data)&bull; nonrequirement for distribution&bull; Disregard of a priori-experience
On the ordering of recycle calculations (1966)

Abstract Algorithms are developed for organizing large recycle calculations. In particular, we discuss the problem of determining the minimum number of recycle parameters that must be assumed to render recycle calculations acyclic. This work has significance in the evolution of computer programs for the automatic design of process systems.
Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Endometrial Cancer (2020)

Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab showed promising antitumor activity in patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma who have experienced disease progression after prior systemic therapy, regardless of tumor MSI status. The combination therapy had a manageable toxicity profile.
Metabolic engineering of <i>Escherichia coli</i> for the production of putrescine: A four carbon diamine (2009)

A four carbon linear chain diamine, putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane), is an important platform chemical having a wide range of applications in chemical industry. Biotechnological production of putrescine from renewable feedstock is a promising alternative to the chemical synthesis that originates from non-renewable petroleum. Here we report development of a metabolically engineered strain of Escherichia coli that produces putrescine at high titer in glucose mineral salts medium. First, a base strain was constructed by inactivating the putrescine degradation and utilization pathways, and deleting the ornithine carbamoyltransferase chain I gene argI to make more precursors available for putrescine synthesis. Next, ornithine decarboxylase, which converts ornithine to putrescine, was amplified by a combination of plasmid-based and chromosome-based overexpression of the coding genes under the strong tac or trc promoter. Furthermore, the ornithine biosynthetic genes (argC-E) were overexpressed from the trc promoter, which replaced the native promoter in the genome, to increase the ornithine pool. Finally, strain performance was further improved by the deletion of the stress responsive RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoS, a well-known global transcription regulator that controls the expression of ca. 10% of the E. coli genes. The final engineered E. coli strain was able to produce 1.68 g L(-1) of putrescine with a yield of 0.168 g g(-1) glucose. Furthermore, high cell density cultivation allowed production of 24.2 g L(-1) of putrescine with a productivity of 0.75 g L(-1) h(-1). The strategy reported here should be useful for the bio-based production of putrescine from renewable resources, and also for the development of strains capable of producing other diamines, which are important as nitrogen-containing platform chemicals.
Ascl1 Converts Dorsal Midbrain Astrocytes into Functional Neurons In Vivo (2015)

In vivo induction of non-neuronal cells into neurons by transcription factors offers potential therapeutic approaches for neural regeneration. Although generation of induced neuronal (iN) cells in vitro and in vivo has been reported, whether iN cells can be fully integrated into existing circuits remains unclear. Here we show that expression of achaete-scute complex homolog-like 1 (Ascl1) alone is sufficient to convert dorsal midbrain astrocytes of mice into functional iN cells in vitro and in vivo. Specific expression of Ascl1 in astrocytes by infection with GFAP-adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector converts astrocytes in dorsal midbrain, striatum, and somatosensory cortex of postnatal and adult mice into functional neurons in vivo. These iN cells mature progressively, exhibiting neuronal morphology and markers, action potentials, and synaptic inputs from and output to existing neurons. Thus, a single transcription factor, Ascl1, is sufficient to convert brain astrocytes into functional neurons, and GFAP-AAV is an efficient vector for generating iN cells from astrocytes in vivo.
Inactivating mutations of <i>RNF43</i> confer Wnt dependency in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (2013)

A growing number of agents targeting ligand-induced Wnt/β-catenin signaling are being developed for cancer therapy. However, clinical development of these molecules is challenging because of the lack of a genetic strategy to identify human tumors dependent on ligand-induced Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Ubiquitin E3 ligase ring finger 43 (RNF43) has been suggested as a negative regulator of Wnt signaling, and mutations of RNF43 have been identified in various tumors, including cystic pancreatic tumors. However, loss of function study of RNF43 in cell culture has not been conducted, and the functional significance of RNF43 mutations in cancer is unknown. Here, we show that RNF43 inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling by reducing the membrane level of Frizzled in pancreatic cancer cells, serving as a negative feedback mechanism. Inhibition of endogenous Wnt/β-catenin signaling increased the cell surface level of Frizzled. A panel of 39 pancreatic cancer cell lines was tested for Wnt dependency using LGK974, a selective Porcupine inhibitor being examined in a phase 1 clinical trial. Strikingly, all LGK974-sensitive lines carried inactivating mutations of RNF43. Inhibition of Wnt secretion, depletion of β-catenin, or expression of wild-type RNF43 blocked proliferation of RNF43 mutant but not RNF43-wild-type pancreatic cancer cells. LGK974 inhibited proliferation and induced differentiation of RNF43-mutant pancreatic adenocarcinoma xenograft models. Our data suggest that mutational inactivation of RNF43 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma confers Wnt dependency, and the presence of RNF43 mutations could be used as a predictive biomarker for patient selection supporting the clinical development of Wnt inhibitors in subtypes of cancer.
Charge-Coupled Memories for Computer Systems (1976)

Since their invention in 1970 by Boyle and Smith, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1,2</sup> charge-coupled devices (CCD's) have evolved rapidly and are finding wide-ranging applications in three major areas: imaging, memory, and analog signal processing. In this papers, we will primarily concentrate on the memory applications of CCD's.
Efficient Monte Carlo based scatter artifact reduction in cone-beam micro-CT (2006)

Cupping and streak artifacts caused by the detection of scattered photons may severely degrade the quantitative accuracy of cone-beam X-ray computed tomography (CT) images. In order to overcome this problem, we propose and validate the following iterative scatter artifact reduction scheme. First, an initial image is reconstructed from the scatter-contaminated projections. Next, the scatter component of the projections is estimated from the initial reconstruction by a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The estimate obtained is then utilized during the reconstruction of a scatter-corrected image. The last two steps are repeated until an adequate correction is obtained. The estimation of the noise-free scatter projections in this scheme is accelerated in the following way: first, a rapid (i.e., based on a low number of simulated photon tracks) MC simulation is executed. The noisy result of this simulation is de-noised by a three-dimensional fitting of Gaussian basis functions. We demonstrate that, compared to plain MC, this method shortens the required simulation time by three to four orders of magnitude. Using simulated projections of a small animal phantom, we show that one cycle of the scatter correction scheme is sufficient to produce reconstructed images that barely differ from the reconstructions of scatter-free projections. The reconstructions of data acquired with a charge-coupled device based micro-CT scanner demonstrate a nearly complete removal of the scatter-induced cupping artifact. Quantitative errors in a water phantom are reduced from around 12% for reconstructions without the scatter correction to 1% after the proposed scatter correction has been applied. In conclusion, a general, accurate, and efficient scatter correction algorithm is developed that requires no mechanical modifications of the scanning equipment and results in only a moderate increase in the total reconstruction time.
Band-notched UWB equiangular spiral antenna (2014)

A band-notched ultra-wideband equiangular spiral antenna is presented. With the spiral antenna on the top layer, bottom side is used for a secondary resonant structure to create a notch filter response. VSWR of 2∶1 is achieved for the FCC UWB band, which is 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. Notch response is created over the IEEE 802.11a band, 5.15 to 5.85 GHz, VSWR reaching 12∶1 at the center of the band at 5.5 GHz. Suppression of radiation in this band is evident in its gain profile over frequency and in current density plot around the resonant structure as well.
The HF “Fluoride-Ion” Cleaning Technique for Superalloys (1987)

Fluoride-ion cleaning, using Hydrogen Fluoride gas as the active agent, is rapidly becoming established as a cost effective method to prepare nickel and cobalt based superalloys for braze repair. Background and comparative information on the four basic processes currently in use are discussed. The latest process using hydrogen fluoride gas directly is described in detail including the methods used for precise process control and safe handling of the HF input gas, as well as the off-gas fluoride compounds. Alloys successfully prepared for braze repair are listed. Other uses for the process and potential uses for the manufacture of new components are suggested.
Some Design Issues Facing American Bridge Constructors (1982)

T his paper attempts to pinpoint some design issues which directly affect bridge constructors. While the discussion is aimed primarily at constructors in North America, many of the ideas can be applied effectively in other locations throughout the world. In particular, five major items will be discussed: 1. Non-prestressed reinforcement — Discusses the necessity and desirability of using non-prestressed reinforcement to control structural behavior and increase member strength during various construction stages of a segmental concrete bridge. 2. Deflection control — Describes the roles that hinge location and addi-
AND/NOT Sensing of Fluoride and Cyanide Ions by Ferrocene‐Derivatised Lewis Acids (2008)

A simple two-component sensor system was developed, featuring the strongly Lewis acidic (but air-stable) FcRBMes2 (1: FcR=(η5-C5H4)Fe(η5-C5R5), R=H, Me; Mes=2,4,6-Me3C6H2), which can be shown to bind both fluoride AND cyanide in solution (but not other anions), and the weaker boronic ester Lewis acid FcRB(OR)2 (2: (OR)2=R,R-OC(H)PhC(H)PhO), which signals the presence of fluoride but NOT cyanide in solution. By coupling the electrochemical shifts with a suitable redox-active tetrazolium dye, a colorimetric AND/NOT sensor system for fluoride and cyanide ions can be developed (see picture). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2111/2008/z801381_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Improved microwave-transistor structure (1972)

An improved microwave-transistor structure, in which the active and inactive base regions are formed by separate processes, is described. In this structure, a low base resistance is obtained by the use of a heavily doped inactive base region, which has a low sheet resistance and which also, by lateral diffusion, reduces the effective width of the emitter. At the same time, the active base region, formed by ion implantation, is separately optimised to improve the current-gain cutoff frequency. Transistors with the improved structure have noise factors of 2.3 dB at 4 GHz, compared with 3.6 dB for transistors with the same geometry but fabricated by the conventional double-diffusion process.
A comparative study of fly ash from coal-burning installations (PCC and FBC) (1983)

The predicted substantial rise in coal consumption in the Netherlands in the last two decades of this century - from 8.4 million tonnes in 1985 to 35.0 in 2000 against 3.9 in 1975 - necessitates a concerted action to study the consequences of such an increase. In this TNO laboratory, research on the environmental aspects of fly ash emissions is carried out within the framework of the Dutch National Research Programme on Coal Technology (NOK). This paper presents the results of a study aimed to compare the morphology and chemical properties of fly ash from the same coal obtained in two different combustion processes. It was envisaged that the results could provide an insight into the environmentally important differences between these fly ashes. Those differences could also be relevant with regard to the ways of disposal and use of fly ash. The formation of fly ash, the concentration and distribution of trace elements in or on fly ash particles strongly depend on the nature of the combustion process. Most modern electricity producing power plants use pulverised coal combustors (PCC), where fine coal particles of a size generally not exceeding 100 ..mu..m are injected into the furnace and burned at amore » high heating rate with temperatures reaching as high as 1600/sup 0/ C. At such temperatures most of the mineral matter in coal will have either melted (clay minerals) or evaporated (volatile trace element compounds, for example, those of As, Se, Pb etc.). As a result, spherical fly ash particles are formed, composed of an amorphous glassy or crystalline (mullite) matrix upon which the volatile compounds condense in the cooler parts of the combustor.« less
Preparation of decellularized meniscal scaffolds using sonication treatment for tissue engineering (2013)

Scaffolds play a key role in the process of regeneration and morphogenesis of tissue or organ. We have developed a novel sonication decellularization system to prepare decellularized bio-scaffolds in a short treatment time. The aim of the study is to investigate sonication decellularization condition that completely decellularize meniscus can be changed as well as to maintain the biomechanical parameters of scaffolds. The meniscus samples were decellularized using sonication treatment. The treated samples were evaluated histologically by EVG for cell removal, picrosirius red for content of collagen type I and III, and safranin-O/fast green staining for content of glycosaminoglycan, and SEM for observation of scaffold surface. Indentation apparatus was used to analyze the unconfined deformation under load of native and decellularized menisci. The load parameters which are stiffness, compression and residual force were not significantly different compare with native and sonicated scaffolds. However, the content of extracellular matrix and its fiber alignment changed significantly due to sonication treatment as observed by SEM and safranin-O/fast green staining, respectively. The removal of immunogenic cell components by sonication decellularization as well as maintain its biomechanical strength of decellularized scaffolds, so that it has potential to use as an implant material for tissue engineering of menisci.