gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QT PRODACT: Database Construction for the Evaluation of the Risk of QT Interval Prolongation by Drugs in Japan (2005)

The main reason for the withdrawal of drugs from the market is the appearance of the side effects of prolongation of the QT interval and the resultant polymorphic ventricular tachycardia called torsade de pointes (TdP). Several structurally unrelated drugs such as terfenadine, astemizol, and cisapride have been removed from the Japanese market because of this drug-induced TdP. Recent progress in molecular biology and electrophysiology has led to a better understanding of the ionic mechanism of drug-induced QT prolongation. It is considered that drug-induced inhibition of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier K + current (I Kr ), and therefore hERG (human ether-a-go-go related gene) channels, is the major cause of the acquired long-QT syndrome.
Blood Flow Distribution in Cerebral Arteries (2015)

High-resolution phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging can now assess flow in proximal and distal cerebral arteries. The aim of this study was to describe how total cerebral blood flow (tCBF) is distributed into the vascular tree with regard to age, sex and anatomic variations. Forty-nine healthy young (mean 25 years) and 45 elderly (mean 71 years) individuals were included. Blood flow rate (BFR) in 21 intra- and extracerebral arteries was measured. Total cerebral blood flow was defined as BFR in the internal carotid plus vertebral arteries and mean cerebral perfusion as tCBF/brain volume. Carotid/vertebral distribution was 72%/28% and was not related to age, sex, or brain volume. Total cerebral blood flow (717 ± 123 mL/min) was distributed to each side as follows: middle cerebral artery (MCA), 21%; distal MCA, 6%; anterior cerebral artery (ACA), 12%, distal ACA, 4%; ophthalmic artery, 2%; posterior cerebral artery (PCA), 8%; and 20% to basilar artery. Deviating distributions were observed in subjects with 'fetal' PCA. Blood flow rate in cerebral arteries decreased with increasing age (P<0.05) but not in extracerebral arteries. Mean cerebral perfusion was higher in women (women: 61 ± 8; men: 55 ± 6 mL/min/100 mL, P<0.001). The study describes a new method to outline the flow profile of the cerebral vascular tree, including reference values, and should be used for grading the collateral flow system.
Sample complexity of model-based search (1998)

Article Sample complexity of model-based search Share on Author: Christopher D. Rosin The Scripps Research Institute and University of California, San Diego, CSE Dept., and The Scripps Research Institute, Mail Drop MB5, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA The Scripps Research Institute and University of California, San Diego, CSE Dept., and The Scripps Research Institute, Mail Drop MB5, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims COLT' 98: Proceedings of the eleventh annual conference on Computational learning theoryJuly 1998 Pages 259–267https://doi.org/10.1145/279943.279994Online:24 July 1998Publication History 0citation220DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads220Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Docetaxel in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (2005)

Based on the survival benefit demonstrated in large randomized clinical trials, docetaxel is approved for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in both the first- and second-line settings. The efficacy of docetaxel in combination with cisplatin is equivalent to some, and superior to other, platinum-based doublets for first-line management of NSCLC, and has a manageable toxicity profile. Carboplatin-based regimens and nonplatinum combinations with docetaxel also have proven efficacy in first-line therapy of patients with advanced NSCLC. Combinations of docetaxel with various novel targeted agents have produced encouraging data in Phase II studies. This article reviews recent studies of docetaxel as a single agent and in combination regimens with cytotoxic and more recent targeted agents in the management of advanced NSCLC.
Triarylaminium Salt Induced Oxidative Cyclizations of Tertiary Amines. Convenient Access to 2-Substituted Pyrrolidinium Salts (1999)

Although they are common intermediates, the application of aliphatic tertiary aminium radical cations to organic synthesis has so far been restricted to α-deprotonation and related reactions. We report the very convenient oxidative generation and facile 5-exo cyclization of tertiary amimium radical cations to distonic 2-substituted pyrrolidinium radical cations. These can be further oxidized to 1,3-dications and trapped by nucleophiles as water, alcohols, or chloride ion. Preliminary mechanistic issues and implications will be presented.
Epitaxial growth and magnetic properties of single-crystal Co2MnGe Heusler alloy films on GaAs (001) (2000)

Single-crystal Co2MnGe Heusler alloy films were epitaxially grown on GaAs (001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. In situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction patterns and Auger spectroscopy confirmed the high-quality growth and stoichiometry. At 5 K, a saturation magnetization of 1000 emu/cm3 was measured. In-plane ferromagnetic resonance shows narrow linewidths and four-fold plus uniaxial anisotropy. A room-temperature resistivity of 115 μΩ cm has also been determined. The temperature dependence of the resistivity shows metallic behavior down to low temperatures.
Visualization and man-machine interaction inclinical monitoring tasks (2002)

An ergonomic design of a user interface which considers human factors is discussed. Based on a model of the anesthesiologist's monitoring task, the user interface design of an anesthesia decision support system is described as an example. The AIs (anesthesia information system) and to AES-2 its knowledge-based decision support system. The essential aspects of this user interface comprise appropriate information structure, information coding by color and shape, user guidance, and interaction by means of a touch input facility.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
General methods for the preparation of α and/OR β deuterium labelled 6‐hydroxydopamine derivatives (1982)

Abstract A convenient synthetic method for the preparation of α and/or β deuterium‐labelled 6‐hydroxydopamines has been developed. Nitromethane was condensed with 2,4,5‐trimethoxybenzaldehyde to give 2,4,5‐trimethoxy‐α‐nitrostyrene ( 2 ). The nitroethylene side chain of 2 was reduced with sodium borodeuteride to afford β‐[ 2 H]‐β‐(2,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)‐α‐nitroethane ( 3 ). A reduction with sodium borohydride in the presence of a deuterium source (e.g. EtOD) afforded mono and dideuterated α‐[ 2 H]‐β‐ (2,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)‐α‐nitroethanes ( 9 , 10 ). A reduction of the nitrostyrene 2 with sodium borodeuteride in EtOD resulted in the isolation of α,β‐[ 2 H]‐β‐(2,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)‐α‐nitroethanes ( 15 and 16 ). Subsequent reduction of the deuterated α‐nitroethanes 3 , 9 , 10 , 15 and 16 gave the appropriately labelled phenethylamine derivatives 5 , 11 , 12 , 17 and 18 . Removal of the phenol protecting groups afforded the deuterium labelled 2,4,5‐trihydroxyphenethylamines (6‐hydroxydopamines).
New Knowledge and New Technology: restructuring fine art education (2001)

AbstractFor more than thirty years, conventional art school wisdom has dictated that ‘learning through practice’ is the best way of accommodating the increasingly diverse preoccupations of art students. Of all undergraduate courses, fine art courses can be seen as the least structured, concerned mainly with providing time, studio space, and a context for self-directed development. In focusing on the individual, the issue of exactly what constitutes ‘subject knowledge’ in fine art is sidestepped. With important new developments in disciplines that inform visual understanding, such as perceptual psychology, imaging science, and computing, and the gradual displacement of traditional, craft-based studio practices by digital technologies, the limitations of self- directed learning are likely to become more evident, and the issue of subject knowledge needs to be addressed. Through a review of existing data relating to course curricula and graduate employment, a common core of relevant conceptual and technical k...
A new environmental monitor sensor utilizing thick-film magnetic semiconductor (1990)

The preparation of a thick-film magnetic semiconductor (TMS) using ferrite powder and a ruthenium compound is described, and the application of its properties to a multipurpose sensor is considered. The TMS was sintered at a relatively low temperature and showed ferromagnetic and semiconducting properties which were dependent on the temperature, humidity, and gas concentration. The TMS is a versatile device: a temperature-sensitive magnetic core, a thermistor, and a varistor can be added to ordinary resistance and capacity elements. Considering these characteristics, the TMS can be used as a temperature/humidity/gas sensor for a modulated environmental monitor. A novel temperature-signal readout method due to the magnetic head is also introduced for the TMS pattern sensor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval Summary: Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate as Treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (2013)

On October 26, 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to omacetaxine mepesuccinate (Synribo; Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., North Wales, PA, http://www.tevausa.com) for the treatment of adult patients with chronic phase (CP) or accelerated phase (AP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with resistance and/or intolerance to two or more tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The approval was based on the FDA review of data from 111 patients with CML in CP or in AP who had received two or more prior TKIs, including imatinib. Major cytogenetic response was achieved in 18% of patients with CP, with a median response duration of 12.5 months. Major hematologic response was achieved in 14% of patients with AP, with a median response duration of 4.7 months. The FDA safety evaluation was based on submitted data from 163 patients with CP or AP CML who had received at least one dose of omacetaxine mepesuccinate. The safety evaluation was limited by the single-arm design of the clinical trials as conducted in a small number of previously treated patients. The most common (≥20%) adverse reactions of any grade in enrolled patients included thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia, diarrhea, nausea, fatigue, asthenia, injection site reaction, pyrexia, and infection. The FDA concluded that omacetaxine mepesuccinate has shown activity and a favorable benefit-to-risk profile for the studied population of adult patients with CML (CP or AP) with resistance and/or intolerance to two or more TKIs. Further evidence of response durability to verify clinical benefit is pending.
Using FMCW Doppler Radar to Detect Targets up to the Maximum Unambiguous Range (2017)

Most applications of frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar described in the literature involve targets that are in relatively close proximity to the radar. In these cases, the round-trip travel time of the target's radar signature is small relative to the transmit chirp duration, simplifying the processing required for range and velocity extraction. This is not the case for more distant targets, where much of the radar signature is received after the start of the subsequent transmit waveform. In this letter, we examine various signal-processing options for coping with this long-range condition. We analytically demonstrate how to retain both range and Doppler shift information for an arbitrary number of targets spaced anywhere from very near the target up to the radar's unambiguous range. The motivation for this work is to develop a 95-GHz Doppler radar for measuring ice and dust particle dynamics in cometary jets. Simulations and experimental results are provided to validate our methods.
Power Systems Fault Type Identification Based on Park's Transformation Algorithm (2006)

Fault identification is necessary for system protection and the selection of suitable relays, which are required for the subsequent fault isolation. In this paper, fault identification is achieved using a simple and numerically efficient algorithm based on Park's transformations. The algorithm uses two transformation matrices. The first matrix is used to filter out the dc offset and harmonics that contaminate the three-phase voltage signal. The second transformation is used to estimate the positive and negative sequence components. The zero sequence components are estimated from the first transformation matrix. Results based on detailed system models are presented in the paper. Having identified the positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components, the fault type can easily be identified
A photochemical synthesis of 3‐aryl‐1‐methylquinolinones (1991)

Abstract A number of fluorescent 3‐aryl‐1‐methylquinolinones 3 were synthesized by the regiospecific photocoupling reaction of 3‐halo‐1‐methylquinolinones 1 with aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds 2 . An unusual photocoupling product 4 was obtained in the photolysis of 3‐iodo‐1‐methylquinolinone in the presence of benzene. The structure of 4 was unequivocally established by an X‐ray crystallographic analysis.
Kinetic study of low energy argon ion-enhanced plasma etching of polysilicon with atomic/molecular chlorine (1997)

Surface kinetics of ion-enhanced chlorine plasma etching in the low ion energy regime was studied by utilizing Ar+ for ion bombardment and Cl and Cl2 as reactants. The argon ion and chlorine atom (molecular) fluxes were controlled independently over more than an order of magnitude and at flux levels within an order of magnitude of that typically used in high density plasma processes. The ion-enhanced etching yield was characterized as a function of Ar ion energy, ion flux, neutral-to-ion flux ratio, and the ion incident angle. Possible reaction pathways are proposed and reduced into a two-parameter model which is useable in a profile simulator. The etching yield increases with the increase of flux ratio but gradually saturates at higher flux ratios as the ion flux limits the etching yield. The ion energy dependence was found to scale linearly with (Eion1/2−Eth1/2), where the threshold energy Eth is found to be 16 eV. The etching yield of Cl is found to be similar to that of Cl2 at flux ratios below 10, but 4–5 times higher than that of Cl2 at higher flux ratios. The sticking coefficient of Cl2 is similar to that of Cl for smaller neutral-to-ion flux ratios where the ion bombardment produces highly reactive surface silicon sites for both atomic and molecular chlorine. At high neutral-to-ion flux ratios, however, the dissociative adsorption of molecular chlorine is slower than the adsorption of atomic chlorine on the highly chlorinated surfaces. The angular dependence of ion-enhanced etching yield was also measured. The etching yield was reduced by approximately 35% when an ion impingement angle was changed from normal impingement to 60° off-normal.
Carbon Nanotube Chemiresistor for Wireless pH Sensing (2014)

The ability to accurately measure real-time pH fluctuations in-vivo could be highly advantageous. Early detection and potential prevention of bacteria colonization of surgical implants can be accomplished by monitoring associated acidosis. However, conventional glass membrane or ion-selective field-effect transistor (ISFET) pH sensing technologies both require a reference electrode which may suffer from leakage of electrolytes and potential contamination. Herein, we describe a solid-state sensor based on oxidized single-walled carbon nanotubes (ox-SWNTs) functionalized with the conductive polymer poly(1-aminoanthracene) (PAA). This device had a Nernstian response over a wide pH range (2-12) and retained sensitivity over 120 days. The sensor was also attached to a passively-powered radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag which transmits pH data through simulated skin. This battery-less, reference electrode free, wirelessly transmitting sensor platform shows potential for biomedical applications as an implantable sensor, adjacent to surgical implants detecting for infection.
<i>Superconducting Machines and Devices: Large Systems Applications</i> (1975)

1: Large Scale Applications of Superconductivity.- 2: Practical Superconducting Materials.- 3: Superconducting Magnets.- 4: Superconducting DC Machines.- 5: Applications of Superconductivity to AC Rotating Machines.- 6: High Speed Magnetically Levitated and Propelled Mass Ground Transportation.- 7: Transmission of Electrical Energy by Superconducting Cables.- 8: The Use of Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier.- 9: Tunnel Junctions for Computer Applications.- 10: High Gradient Magnetic Separation: An Industrial Application of Mag Netism.- 11: Programs on Large Scale Applications of Superconductivity in France.- 12: Programs on Large Scale Applications of Superconductivity in The Federal Republic Of Germany.- 13: Programs on Large Scale Applications of Superconducting in Italy.- 14: Programs on Large Scale Applications of Superconductivity In Japan.- 15: Programs on Large Scale Applications of Superconductivity in Switzerland.- 16: Programs on Large Scale Applications of Superconductivity in the United Kingdom.- 17: Programs on Large Scale Applications of Superconductivity in the United States.
5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives as a new type of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (2008)

inhibitors are important research topics because of their wide range of associated health implications, especially for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The finding of novel AChE inhibitors is presented here. A docking screening model of AChE inhibitor was used to evaluate a series of 5H-thiazolo[3,2-a] pyrimidine derivatives. The virtual screening hits were analyzed in drug likeness and physical-chemical features, therefore were focused to those compounds in the present article. To investigate the relationship between the bioactivities and the structures, 10 target compounds with the 5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine scaffold were synthesized as potential AChE inhibitors, and the pharmacological assay result also conformed, some compounds displayed considerable inhibitory effects with inhibition rates above 50% at 10 M, and all their core structures are very different from those of known AChE inhibitors. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and validity of the virtual screening approach especially of the docking screening approach, and provide a starting point for the development of novel drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease.
Violation of the 12/23 rule of genomic V(D)J recombination is common in lymphocytes (2014)

V(D)J genomic recombination joins single gene segments to encode an extensive repertoire of antigen receptor specificities in T and B lymphocytes. This process initiates with double-stranded breaks adjacent to conserved recombination signal sequences that contain either 12- or 23-nucleotide spacer regions. Only recombination between signal sequences with unequal spacers results in productive coding genes, a phenomenon known as the "12/23 rule." Here we present two novel genomic tools that allow the capture and analysis of immune locus rearrangements from whole thymic and splenic tissues using second-generation sequencing. Further, we provide strong evidence that the 12/23 rule of genomic recombination is frequently violated under physiological conditions, resulting in unanticipated hybrid recombinations in ∼10% of Tcra excision circles. Hence, we demonstrate that strict adherence to the 12/23 rule is intrinsic neither to recombination signal sequences nor to the catalytic process of recombination and propose that nonclassical excision circles are liberated during the formation of antigen receptor diversity.
A model of learning free bipedal walking in indefinite environment constraints self-emergence/self-satisfaction paradigm (2003)

We propose a bipedal walking model based on C-SESS paradigm. This model only needs desired velocity to walk. It can begin to walk from a standstill and change to steady state immediately. A walk is maintained by the real-time control when mechanical perturbations are added. Our results suggest that the generated pattern can adopt to unpredictable environment. This model based on C-SESS paradigm is easily extensible to voluntary movement control model.
Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase gene from Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (1991)

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris P8-2-47 contains an X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (X-PDAP; EC 3.4.14.5). A mixed-oligonucleotide probe prepared on the basis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified protein was made and used to screen a partial chromosomal DNA bank in Escherichia coli. A partial XbaI fragment cloned in pUC18 specified X-PDAP activity in E. coli clones. The fragment was also able to confer X-PDAP activity on Bacillus subtilis. The fact that none of these organisms contain this enzymatic activity indicated that the structural gene for X-PDAP had been cloned. The cloned fragment fully restored X-PDAP activity in X-PDAP-deficient mutants of L. lactis. We have sequenced a 3.8-kb fragment that includes the X-PDAP gene and its expression signals. The X-PDAP gene, designated pepXP, comprises 2,289 nucleotide residues encoding a protein of 763 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 87,787. No homology was detected between pepXP and genes that had been previously sequenced. A second open reading frame, divergently transcribed, was present in the sequenced fragment; the function or relationship to pepXP of this open reading frame is unknown.
Residual Thromboembolic Material in Cerebral Arteries after Endovascular Stroke Therapy Can Be Identified by Dual-Energy CT (2015)

Dual-energy CT may be valuable in the detection of clot persistence or early re-thrombosis without the necessity of additional contrast administration. However, its relevance for the prediction of outcomes remains to be determined in further studies.
Chemiluminescent Properties of Novel Biphenyl Analogue Blue Fluorophores (2004)

Novel naphthyl-containing biphenyl analogues were prepared by Suzki reaction for the chemiluminescent blue fluorophores. UV-Vis absorption, photoluminescence, chemiluminescence and CIE chromaticities were measured. The fluorophores displayed blue photoluminescence in solution with a maximum intensity around 378-415 nm. Sodium salicylate-catalyzed reaction of them with bis(2 carbopentyloxy-3,5,6-trichlorophenyl)-oxalate with hydrogen peroxide provided a strong chemiluminescent red light emission with wavelengths of 398-427 nm; these were similar to the photoluminescent spectra. The chemiluminescent intensity decayed exponentially and the glow of chemiluminescence, which was visible with naked eyes, was maintained for more than 4 h.