gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms to define maternal provenance regions for the white oaks of the Iberian Peninsula (1999)

We present here the results obtained after the study of 156 oak populations collected along the Iberian Peninsula. Six oak species were present in the sample: Quercus canariensis, Q. faginea, Q. humilis, Q. pyrenaica, Q. robur and Q. petraea. Five trees from each population were analyzed with four cpDNA specific pairs of primers that allowed the distinction of 13 haplotypes. In populations with several species, all of them shared the same haplotype, and none of the common haplotypes was restricted to a single species. Analysis of molecular variance in the data revealed a strong genetic structure. Maternal provenance regions were defined that maximize the among groups variance and minimize the among populations/within groups variance. The distribution of the haplotypes suggests the existence of several distinct refugia, not restricted to the South of the Peninsula.
A Study on Picture Quality in Variable Speed Playback of Digital VCR. (1993)

DCTをベースとする高能率符号化を用いるディジタルVTRにおいて, 変速再生時の画質に関してシミュレーションによる検討を行った.本稿では, 検討結果の概要と良好な変速再生画像の実現を可能としたデータ処理手法について述べる.
A Study on Intrinsic Gettering in CZ Silicon Crystals: Evaluation, Thermal History Dependence, and Enhancement (1982)

Intrinsic gettering and thermally induced microdefects in CZ silicon wafers taken from various portions of seed to tail of crystal ingots have been studied by means of infrared absorption, an etching procedure, and transmission electron microscopy. Thermal history dependence and critical annealing conditions to enhance intrinsic gettering were evaluated. Two standard crystals grown under the same conditions except the thermal history after growth were investigated. It is found that the thermal behavior of inner defects and the effectiveness of intrinsic gettering strongly depend on the thermal history of crystal ingots. It also follows that the effectiveness of intrinsic gettering can be enhanced even in low oxygen wafers taken from the tail portion, when the first annealing procedure is appropriately carried out.
Ileal digestibility of dietary protein in the growing pig and adult human (2009)

The suitability of the pig as an animal model for predicting protein digestibility in man was evaluated. Healthy adult human subjects (mean body weight 67 kg; n 11) and growing pigs (mean body weight 40 kg; n 15) were fed semi-synthetic mixed meals containing, as a sole source of N, casein (C), hydrolysed casein (HC) or rapeseed isolate (R). There was no prior adaptation to the test meal. Ileal digesta were sampled through a naso-ileal tube (human subjects) or a post-valve T-caecum cannula (pigs) after ingestion of a bolus meal. The protein sources were 15 N-labelled. Amino acid (AA) digestibilities were not determined for R. Ileal apparent N digestibility was markedly lower (14–16 %; P < 0·001) in human subjects than in pigs (C, HC, R). Similarly, most apparent ileal AA digestibilities were lower (8 % on average; P < 0·05) in human subjects (C, HC). Ileal true N digestibility was slightly lower (3–5 %; P < 0·001) in human subjects than in pigs (C, HC, R) and most true ileal AA digestibilities were similar ( P >0·05) between the species (C, HC). Exceptions were for phenylalanine, tyrosine, lysine, histidine and aspartic acid for which digestibilities were lower (3 % on average; P < 0·001) in human subjects. A similar ranking of the diets was observed for true ileal N digestibility between species. The inter-species correlation for true ileal digestibility was high for N ( r 0·98 over 3 × 2 data; P = 0·11) and AA ( r 0·87 over 26 × 2 data; P < 0·0001). Overall, this supports the use of the pig as a model for predicting differences among dietary protein digestibility, especially regarding true ileal N digestibility, in man.
Tribological Enhancement of CaCO<sub>3</sub>Dissolution during Scanning Force Microscopy (1996)

We report scanning force microscope (SFM) observations of enhanced calcite dissolution in aqueous solution due to mechanical stimulation induced by the SFM tip. Images and mechanical treatment were performed in saturated (≥60 μM) CaCO3 solution adjusted to pH ∼9. Small area scans of monolayer steps significantly increase the step velocity in the scanned area (in the direction corresponding to dissolution) when the applied contact force is above about 160 nN for the tips employed. The step velocity could be increased at least an order of magnitude by scanning at even higher contact forces (e.g., 270 nN). This enhancement is a function of step orientation relative to the calcite lattice. Indentations near preexisting steps also locally enhance the step velocity. We present evidence that the higher dissolution rates are caused by stress-induced increases in the rate of double-kink nucleation.
Coexpression of UL20p and gK Inhibits Cell-Cell Fusion Mediated by Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoproteins gD, gH-gL, and Wild-Type gB or an Endocytosis-Defective gB Mutant and Downmodulates Their Cell Surface Expression (2004)

Syncytium formation in cells that express herpes simplex virus glycoprotein B (gB), gD, gH, and gL is blocked by gK (E. Avitabile, G. Lombardi, and G. Campadelli-Fiume, J. Virol. 77:6836-6844, 2003). Here, we report the results of two series of experiments. First, UL20 protein (UL20p) expression weakly inhibited cell-cell fusion. Coexpression of UL20p and gK drastically reduced fusion in a cell-line-dependent manner, with the highest inhibition in BHK cells. Singly expressed UL20p and gK localized at the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membranes. When they were coexpressed, both proteins relocalized to the Golgi apparatus. Remarkably, in cells that coexpressed UL20p and gK, the antifusion activity correlated with a downmodulation of gD, gB, gH, and gL cell surface expression. Second, gB(Delta867) has a partial deletion in the cytoplasmic tail that removed endocytosis motifs. Whereas wild-type (wt) gB was internalized in vesicles lined with the endosomal marker Rab5, gB(delta867) was not internalized, exhibited enhanced cell surface expression, and was more efficient in mediating cell-cell fusion than wt gB. The antifusion activity of UL20p and gK was also exerted when gB(delta867) replaced wt gB in the cell fusion assay. These studies show that the gB C tail carries a functional endocytosis motif(s) and that the removal of the motif correlated with increased gB surface expression and increased fusion activity. We conclude that cell-cell fusion in wt-virus-infected cells is negatively controlled by at least two mechanisms. The novel mechanism described here involves the concerted action of UL20p and gK and correlates with a moderate but consistent reduction in the cell surface expression of the fusion glycoproteins. This mechanism is independent of the one exerted through endocytosis-mediated downmodulation of gB from the plasma membrane.
Coherent Zener oscillations (1983)

Studies quasiclassical solutions of a quantum system, a crystal electron in a uniform steady electric field. Classical solutions can be formed from wavepackets of Houston functions or Stark states which are tightly localised in both position and crystal momentum. The position and momentum can be localised initially within the uncertainty principle. However while the momentum uncertainty is conserved with time the position uncertainty oscillates with the Zener period. It is maximal as the inflection points of the band structure. The departure from the initial value of the position uncertainty depends on the band structure and is inversely proportional to the field. For fields lower than approximately 10 kV cm-1 the electron can only be tightly localised for times short compared with low-field scattering times. For fields higher than approximately 10 kV cm-1 the electron can be tightly localised throughout the whole Zener orbit.
Surface Plasmon Polariton Enhanced Raman Scattering from Adsorbates on a "Smooth" Metal Surface: The Effect of Thickness and Dielectric Properties of Constituents (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface Plasmon Polariton Enhanced Raman Scattering from Adsorbates on a "Smooth" Metal Surface: The Effect of Thickness and Dielectric Properties of ConstituentsMasayuki FutamataCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 10, 3894–3901Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00010a046https://doi.org/10.1021/la00010a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views290Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Use of long sequence alignments to study the evolution and regulation of mammalian globin gene clusters. (1993)

The determination of long segments of DNA sequences encompassing the beta- and alpha-globin gene clusters has provided an unprecedented data base for analysis of genome evolution and regulation of gene clusters. A newly developed computer tool kit generates local alignments between such long sequences in a space-efficient manner, helps the user analyze the alignments effectively, and finds consistently aligning blocks of sequences in multiple pairwise comparisons. Such sequence analyses among the beta-like globin gene clusters of human, galago, rabbit, and mouse have revealed the general patterns of evolution of this gene cluster. Alignments in the flanking regions are very useful in assigning orthologous relationships. Investigation of such matches between the mouse and human beta-like globin gene clusters has led to a reassessment of some orthologous assignments in mouse and to a revision of the proposed pathway for evolution of this gene cluster. In general, the interspersed repetitive elements have inserted independently, presumably via a retrotransposition mechanism, in the different mammalian lineages. However, some examples of ancient L1 repeats are found, including one between the epsilon- and gamma-globin genes that appears to have been in the ancestral eutherian gene cluster. Prominent matching sequences are found in a long region 5' to the epsilon-globin gene, the locus control region (LCR) that is a positive regulator of the entire gene cluster. Three-way alignments among the human, goat, and rabbit sequences can extend for > or = 3 kb in part of the LCR (DNase hypersensitive site 3), indicating that the cis-acting components of this complex regulatory region cover a long segment of DNA. In contrast to the beta-like globin gene clusters, the alpha-like globin gene clusters of many mammals occur in very G+C-rich isochores and contain prominent CpG islands. The regions between the alpha-like globin genes are evolving faster than the intergenic regions of the beta-like globin gene clusters. The contrasts between the two gene clusters can be attributed to differences in DNA metabolism in the isochore. The proximal control elements of the rabbit alpha-globin gene are located both 5' to and within the gene. All of this region is part of a prominent CpG island that may be acting as an extended, enhancer-independent promoter. One can hypothesize that the analogue to the LCR in the alpha-globin gene cluster may interface with the distinctive alpha-globin promoter in ways different from the interaction between the beta LCR and the promoters of beta-like globin genes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Kinetics of cobalt cementation on zinc powder (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of cobalt cementation on zinc powderAnna M. Polcaro, Simona Palmas, and Stella DerniniCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 9, 3090–3095Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00048a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00048a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views302Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extending the Object-Process Methodology to Handle Real-Time Systems. (1998)

An AC width index of ≥60% is highly accurate for the diagnosis of a posterior AC joint dislocation, with high intraobserver and interobserver concordance.
Improvement of Corrosion Resistance and Electrical Conductivity of Stainless Steel 316L Bipolar Plate by Pickling and Passivation (2021)

Corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of stainless steel bipolar plate remains a big challenge while it has been regarded as the most promising candidate for proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of pickling and passivation by sulfuric acid and a mixture of nitric and fluoric acids, respectively, on corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of stainless steel 316L (SS316L) bipolar plate. First, pickling of the specimens of SS316L is performed in a 15 wt.% H2SO4. Afterwards, the specimens are passivated in a mixture of 12 wt.% HF and 4 wt.% HNO3. Electrochemical and interfacial conductivity tests are conducted to examine the change in corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of SS316L. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveal the evolution of surface morphology, chemical composition and surface conductivity. The results show that the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of SS316L could be improved significantly by pickling and passivation. The increase in Cr:Fe ratio as well as a more uniform surface with higher conductivity is the main reason for the improvement of corrosion resistance and interfacial conductivity of SS316L.
Controlled growth and shape-directed self-assembly of gold nanoarrows (2017)

Self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals into complex superstructures offers notable opportunities to create functional devices and artificial materials with unusual properties. Anisotropic nanoparticles with nonspherical shapes, such as rods, plates, polyhedra, and multipods, enable the formation of a diverse range of ordered superlattices. However, the structural complexity and tunability of nanocrystal superlattices are restricted by the limited geometries of the anisotropic nanoparticles available for supercrystal self-assembly. We show that uniform gold nanoarrows (GNAs) consisting of two pyramidal heads connected by a four-wing shaft are readily synthesized through controlled overgrowth of gold nanorods. The distinct concave geometry endows the GNAs with unique packing and interlocking ability and allows for the shape-directed assembly of sophisticated two-dimensional (2D) and 3D supercrystals with unprecedented architectures. Net-like 2D supercrystals are assembled through the face-to-face contact of the GNAs lying on the pyramidal edges, whereas zipper-like and weave-like 2D supercrystals are constructed by the interlocked GNAs lying on the pyramidal {111} facets. Furthermore, multilayer packing of net-like and weave-like 2D assemblies of GNAs leads to non-close-packed 3D supercrystals with varied packing efficiencies and pore structures. Electromagnetic simulation of the diverse nanoarrow supercrystals exhibits exotic patterns of nanoscale electromagnetic field confinement. This study may open new avenues toward tunable self-assembly of nanoparticle superstructures with increased complexity and unusual functionality and may advance the design of novel plasmonic metamaterials for nanophotonics and reconfigurable architectured materials.
A hybrid routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks (2012)

Low power and lossy networks have been an active area of research due to their large number of potential applications in different environments like health, environment monitoring and entertainment domain. Numbers of protocols have been proposed for routing in these networks using metrics like hop count, delay, bandwidth etc. The working group of IETF has done one major contribution in form of a proactive gradient based routing protocol for low power and lossy networks (RPL). However, for a network having few mobile sinks calculating gradients using proactive approach is costly in terms of energy. This paper proposes a hybrid routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks. It proposes a combination of reactive and proactive approach to enhance RPL for efficiently handling movement of multiple sinks. DAGs are only maintained by nodes close to the sink within a certain zone. While the nodes outside the zone use on demand sink discovery to find the closest possible sink, without maintaining DAG. The frequency of zone creation messages and zone sizes can increase or decrease depending on the speed of sink. This helps to decrease the number of retransmissions resulting in low standing cost for maintain DAGs and enhances the network life time especially under average or high mobility of sink.
Progress in the Development of Solid‐State Sulfate Detectors for Sulfur Oxides (1981)

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the performance of four different reference electrodes adapted for use in solid‐state sulfate detectors for sulfur oxides: an electrode in which a calibrated gas circulates, an Ag/Ag+ electrode, an oxygen electrode using air as a reference and, finally, a thermal‐decomposition type of electrode using an couple. The article also contains a description of a quartz detector for hot‐gas analysis of mixtures and shows how the fact of replacing the platinum at the electrode by a less catalytic metal such as gold can lead to the specific detection of in the presence of .
xyIUW, Two Genes at the Start of the upper Pathway Operon of TOL Plasmid Pwwo, Appear to Play no Essential Part in Determining its Catabolic Phenotype (1997)

The upper pathway operon of the toluene catabolic pathway of TOL plasmid pWW0 was shown to carry two open reading frames between the start of transcription and xylC (encoding benzaldehyde dehydrogenase), the first previously reported gene of the operon. These were designated xylUW: xylU encoded a protein of 131 amino acid residues (M(r) 14,244) which bore no relationship with any protein in the databases, and xylW encoded a protein of 348 residues (M(r) 36,992) which was strongly homologous to other long-chain Zn-containing alcohol dehydrogenases. Extracts of Escherichia coli carrying xylUW in expression vector pTrc99A contained a novel protein corresponding to XylW, but no NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenase activity against benzyl alcohol, mandelate or bezylamine. A mini-Tn5 transposon carrying the meta pathway operon was constructed and from it two strains of Pseudomonas putida were constructed with the normally plasmid-encoded catabolic operons integrated into the chromosome. Three derivatives of plasmid pKNG101 containing modified xylUW genes were constructed, two of which had frameshifts in xylU and xylW, respectively, and a third with a deletion from the 3' end of xylU into the 5' end of xylW. The wild-type genes of the two Pseudomonas strains were substituted by the mutant alleles by reverse genetics. The ability of the constructed mutant strains to utilize the aromatic substrates of the TOL pathway was not significantly affected.
Unraveling interfacial jetting phenomena induced by focused surface acoustic waves (2009)

Surface acoustic waves have been known to be able to drive fluid jetting phenomena, though the underlying physical mechanism has remained unclear. In a setup designed to reliably jet small fluid droplets, a pair of focused single-phase unidirectional transducers were placed facing each other along the x-axis of a 128°Y-X lithium niobate substrate. Driving both transducers at the same time, the laterally focused acoustic energy appears beneath a drop placed on the surface, refracting into the drop and causing destabilization of the drop's free surface. Above a critical Weber number We, an elongated jet forms for drops with dimensions greater than the fluid sound wavelength. Further increases in We leads to single droplet pinch-off and subsequent axisymmetric break-up to form multiple droplets. Derivation of a simple relationship based on the acoustics and fluid physics predicts the jetting behavior across a wide range of Newtonian fluids, droplet sizes, and input powers.
Accumulation of DNA Damage in Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells during Human Aging (2011)

Based on these findings we conclude that age-related non-telomeric DNA damage accrual accompanies physiological stem cell aging in humans. Moreover, aging may alter the functional capacity of human stem cells to repair DSBs, thereby deteriorating an important genome protection mechanism leading to exceeding DNA damage accumulation. However, the great inter-individual variations in middle-aged individuals suggest that additional cell-intrinsic mechanisms and/or extrinsic factors contribute to the age-associated DNA damage accumulation.
A simple and robust adaptive controller for detuning correction in field-oriented induction machines (1992)

A novel adaptive controller for correcting the rotor time constant estimate used in the slip frequency calculator of indirect field-oriented controllers (IFOCs) is presented. The controller possesses near digital deadbeat performance and simultaneously maintains its correctness down to zero speed. The robust controller dynamics are based on an operating-point form of digital deadbeat control. The correctness down to zero rotor speed is based on the determination of the rotor flux from an accurate air-gap flux estimate obtained from the third harmonic stator phase voltage component introduced by the saturation of the machine stator teeth. The proposed controller is implemented using a digital signal processor, and the experimental results demonstrate its excellent performance for a wide range of rotor speeds, including locked rotor conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>