gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CPU FAN NOISE CONTROL BY ACTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION (2016)

Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) has been growing in integrated circuits for controlling the speed of cooling fans in CPU and other electronic equipment. Small electrical fans are cheap and have been used for cooling electronic equipment for more than half a century. However, in recent years, the technology of using these fans has evolved significantly. This paper will describe how and why this ANC evolution has taken place and will suggest some useful approaches for the designer.
The women's protective union : union women activists in a union town,1890-1929 (2004)

Women have organized into representative bodies to fight workplace oppression since the eighteenth century. Often the victims of abuse and exploitation, the positive attributes of collectively organizing were attractive to women. While many working-women found union membership alluring, few held positions of power within unions and many were denied entrance to unions altogether. In Butte, Montana, however it was a different story. Butte was a union town to the very core. Almost everyone who worked in Butte was a union member in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Although initially denied entrance into male trade unions, women took it upon themselves to organize their own womenαs union for white and black women workers in Silver Bow County in 1890. The Womenαs Protective Union founded and run by women, allowed for an organization that was exclusively gender segregated. Women were organizers, business agents, and delegates to the local Silver Bow Trades and Labor Council and Montanaαs State Federation of Labor. The unique attributes of the all womenαs union extend beyond its composition and leadership. By analyzing the WPU in the context of Butteαs labor community, this study attempts to illustrate the activism of the union women. The womenαs union used direct action methods to achieve change for its membership. Through boycotts and strikes, the WPU demonstrated its willingness to participate in the local labor movement. Its activism and membership in the Silver Bow Trades and Labor Council further illustrates the womenαs commitment to the labor community. This study focuses on the early activities of the Womenαs Protective Union and its navigation in the local and state labor movement. It highlights the activities of the womenαs union between the years 1890-1929, including the womenαs efforts to fight amalgamation with the male culinary union and the month long strike for higher wages in 1920. Ultimately successful in its fight against merging with the male culinary union, the WPU maintained gender segregation and emerged from the early twentieth century a cohesive womenαs union.
First-in-Human Study of PF-05212384 (PKI-587), a Small-Molecule, Intravenous, Dual Inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR in Patients with Advanced Cancer (2015)

These findings demonstrate the manageable safety profile and antitumor activity of the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PF-05212384, supporting further clinical development for patients with advanced solid malignancies.
Touch input on curved surfaces (2011)

Advances in sensing technology are currently bringing touch input to non-planar surfaces, ranging from spherical touch screens to prototypes the size and shape of a ping-pong ball. To help interface designers create usable interfaces on such devices, we determine how touch surface curvature affects targeting. We present a user study in which participants acquired targets on surfaces of different curvature and at locations of different slope. We find that surface convexity increases pointing accuracy, and in particular reduces the offset between the input point perceived by users and the input point sensed by the device. Concave surfaces, in contrast, are subject to larger error offsets. This is likely caused by how concave surfaces hug the user's finger, thus resulting in a larger contact area. The effect of slope on targeting, in contrast, is unexpected at first sight. Some targets located downhill from the user's perspective are subject to error offsets in the opposite direction from all others. This appears to be caused by participants acquiring these targets using a different finger posture that lets them monitor the position of their fingers more effectively.
Epoxides of Phytosphingosine and Derivatives, Potential Inhibitors of Sphingosine Biosynthesis (1993)

Abstract 2,4‐ O ‐Benzylidene‐ D ‐threose ( 1 ) was treated with the Grignard reagent obtained from n ‐octyl bromide to afford the epimeric tetrol derivatives 3a , b . Regioselective 2‐ O ‐mesylation and subsequent azido group introduction furnished azidophytosphingosine derivatives 5a , b . Ensuing 4‐ O ‐mesylation, acidcatalyzed benzylidene group removal and then treatment with NaH as a base provided preferentially the desired 3,4‐epoxide derivatives 8a , b ; subsequent azido group reduction with triphenylphosphane/water yielded the target molecules 9a , b possessing D ‐ ribo and L ‐ lyxo configuration, respectively.
Ready reduction of some nitroxide free radicals with ascorbic acid (1977)

C. M. Paleos and P. Dais, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1977, 345 DOI: 10.1039/C39770000345
The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) micropropagation using completely mature female flowers (2012)

This study describes an efficient and reproducible protocol for in vitro date palm propagation using mature female flowers. It focuses on the promising proliferation capacity exhibited by a number of female flower tissues taken at the final developmental stage. This capacity resided in the ability to preserve minuscule zones in a juvenile state located at the floral organ armpits (sepals and petals). The originality of this method lies in the possibility of propagation of very rare varieties, particularly the genotypes that exist in only one copy without the excision of the plant mother, the source of the tissue collected to be cultivated, which was not the case for all previous methods. The findings revealed that 2,4-D at 1mg/l, most of the varieties tested showed reactivity. The success of this technique was also noted to depend on the concurrent control of various factors pertaining mainly to the hormonal composition of the culture medium and the appropriate time of tissue transfer, which depends on the proliferation state as well as the culture period. This study describes the nature of the proliferation from the mature female flowers and their outcome, particularly those at the origin of embryogenic and budding strains and discusses the advantages of this novel multiplication method as compared to the currently available ones.
A Discriminative Model for On-line Handwritten Japanese Text Retrieval (2011)

This paper describes an unconstrained on-line handwritten Japanese text retrieval system from character recognition candidates. The system is based on a discriminative model which integrates the scores of character recognition, segmentation and geometric context in search and retrieval, and the parameters are trained by supervised learning. Experiments on TUAT Kuchibue database show that the proposed method can effectively improve the system performance. When the search method with the optimal threshold retrieves for a keyword consisting of two, three or four characters, its f-measure is 0.720, 0.868 or 0.923, respectively.
Ig isotype switching in B lymphocytes. Isolation and characterization of clonal variants of the murine Ly-1+ B cell lymphoma, CH12, expressing isotypes other than IgM. (1988)

We have selected and cloned variant cells from the murine B cell lymphoma, CH12, that produce a variety of other Ig isotypes in addition to or in place of the original IgM and IgD. Variants were selected by flow cytometry and automated cloning and isotype production was analyzed by membrane immunofluorescence and ELISA of culture fluids. Variants have been isolated that produce the single isotypes IgA, IgG2b, and IgG3, as well as variants that produce more than one isotype simultaneously, i.e., IgM, IgD, and IgA; IgG2b and IgA; IgG3 and IgA. All isotypes have been seen as cell surface proteins and all except IgD have been found in culture supernatants. All isotypes display the same idiotype and Ag-binding specificity for phosphatidyl choline as the original IgM and all are translated from the same VDJH and VJ kappa gene assemblies. Production of more than one isotype by a variant clone is due to simultaneous production of all the isotypes by each cell within the clone. The finding that the variants producing more than one isotype are all tetraploid suggests the interesting possibility that each isotype is derived from an independently switching chromosome. All isotype variants can be stimulated by LPS to secrete the appropriate Ig isotype at an increased rate similar to the IgM expressing parent. The variants differ in stability; some have remained stable for more than 9 months in culture, whereas other have undergone further isotype switching. The facts that some isotypes have not been seen, that multistep switching has occurred, and that many variants produce IgA in addition to another isotype are discussed in relation to current notions of isotype switching mechanisms.
A Logarithmic Transcoder (1972)

A transcoder of logarithmic digital information into linear digital information is described. The circuit is simple and accurate. It can be easily integrated and used in any digital-to-analog or analog-to-digital converter with a logarithmic response.
Changes in bread firmness and moisture during long-term storage (1990)

Cereal Chem. 67(6):603-605 In contrast to most studies on bread staling that deal with storage the effect of moisture on crumb firmness, high-moisture bread was for one week, this study investigated changes in firmness and moisture obtained by reducing baking time from 24 to 8 min. Higher moisture of bread during one year of storage at 250C. Two packaging methods of crumb resulted in a slower firming rate and lower equilibrium firmness. to prevent bread from molding were tested. Bread packaged in a sterilized Separation of crumb from crust of fully baked bread 1 hr after baking bag while still hot (3 min after baking) or packaged after being sprayed maintained the crumb moisture during storage but did not prevent firming with 0.2% calcium propionate 10 min after baking did not develop any of crumb; however, the equilibrium firmness was much lower. Therefore, mold over the storage period. Both crumb firmness and crumb moisture moisture plays an important role in crumb firming, but other factors reached equilibria after 30 days of storage. A sharp increase in firmness cause crumb firming even without a change in moisture. and a decrease in moisture were found during the first 15 days. To study Bread staling is a complex and not completely understood phenomenon. It refers to the changes that take place after baking other than spoilage by microorganisms (Bechtel et al 1953). Bread staling results in decreased consumer acceptance of bakery products and in great economic losses. Therefore, it has been studied extensively, as indicated by several published reviews (Wilhoft 1973, Maga 1975, Knightly 1977, Kulp and Ponte 1981). Many studies show that bread firmness increases linearly with time (Ghiasi et al 1984). However, most of those studies were coiducted with one week of storage. Therefore, many questions still persist concerning bread firming with storage for longer periods. For example, how does the firming rate change after one week of storage, and does bread reach a maximum firmness with time? The answers to these questions could provide the information necessary for understanding the mechanism of bread firming. The objectives of this study were to investigate the changes in bread firmness and moisture that occur during long-term storage and to study the effect of moisture on bread firming.
Visual servo control. I. Basic approaches (2006)

This paper is the first of a two-part series on the topic of visual servo control using computer vision data in the servo loop to control the motion of a robot. In this paper, we describe the basic techniques that are by now well established in the field. We first give a general overview of the formulation of the visual servo control problem. We then describe the two archetypal visual servo control schemes: image-based and position-based visual servo control. Finally, we discuss performance and stability issues that pertain to these two schemes, motivating the second article in the series, in which we consider advanced techniques
Inducible expression of an antimicrobial peptide of the innate immunity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (2002)

Epithelia- and leukocyte-associated antimicrobial peptides provide immediate protection against microbial infections by rapidly inactivating potential pathogens. Bac5 is a member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides and is stored in the cytoplasmic granules of bovine neutrophils. We investigated the expression of this gene in airway and intestine, and although the gene was not found to be locally expressed in these tissues, a strong Bac5 induction signal was detected by in situ hybridization in neutrophils infiltrating infected lung, consistent with expression of this gene in activated neutrophils. The Bac5 gene was also induced in bovine peripheral neutrophils stimulated with Escherichia coli or purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) but not in other blood cells and in resting neutrophils. The levels of Bac5 mRNA increased at 12-24 h post-stimulation, and a dose-dependent increase in Bac5 expression was determined in the presence of increasing amounts of LPS. A metabolically labeled product with a molecular weight compatible with that of proBac5 was immunoprecipitated from cell-free media of stimulated neutrophils, suggesting that the newly synthesized polypeptide is released extracellularly. Collectively, these results provide the first evidence that fully differentiated neutrophils are capable of de novo synthesis and secretion of a granule-associated antimicrobial peptide.
Selecting chemical treatment programs (1988)

Many process equipment performance and reliability problems can be solved economically by the proper selection and application of chemical treatment programs. It is important to choose an experienced chemical vendor and to work closely with the vendor to develop a good chemical treatment program. This requires devoting sufficient manpower to ensure that the treatment program development is thorough and timely. After the treatment program is installed, the system operation and performance should be routinely monitored to ensure that expected benefits are achieved and unexpected problems do not develop.
The Role of the Indoor Environmental Professional In Mold Remediation (2005)

The nature of mold contamination and subsequent remediation (sometimes also referred to as “restoration”) requires adherence to consistent techniques and protocols to successfully and effectively restore a structure for human occupancy. Until recently, the qualifications and role of the Indoor Environmental Professional (IEP) in this process were fluid. Recent guidance documents and standards now provide some structure and clarity to the IEP’s contribution to successful mold remediation. Litigation has also elevated the standard of care for all parties involved with mold remediation.
Kinetics of Solid-State Reaction between Sulfathiazole and Succinic Anhydride (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of Solid-State Reaction between Sulfathiazole and Succinic AnhydrideGriselda Piñero, R. W. Quiroz, and J. J. RoncoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1971, 10, 4, 478–482Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260040a009https://doi.org/10.1021/i260040a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views47Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Aligned Carbon Nanotube‐Silicon Sheets: A Novel Nano‐architecture for Flexible Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes (2013)

Aligned carbon nanotube sheets provide an engineered scaffold for the deposition of a silicon active material for lithium ion battery anodes. The sheets are low-density, allowing uniform deposition of silicon thin films while the alignment allows unconstrained volumetric expansion of the silicon, facilitating stable cycling performance. The flat sheet morphology is desirable for battery construction.
Mutations in PTPN11 implicate the SHP-2 phosphatase in leukemogenesis (2003)

The PTPN11 gene encodes SHP-2 (Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine Phosphatase), a nonreceptor tyrosine protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) that relays signals from activated growth factor receptors to p21Ras (Ras) and other signaling molecules. Mutations in PTPN11 cause Noonan syndrome (NS), a developmental disorder characterized by cardiac and skeletal defects. NS is also associated with a spectrum of hematologic disorders, including juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). To test the hypothesis that PTPN11 mutations might contribute to myeloid leukemogenesis, we screened the entire coding region for mutations in 51 JMML specimens and in selected exons from 60 patients with other myeloid malignancies. Missense mutations in PTPN11 were detected in 16 of 49 JMML specimens from patients without NS, but they were less common in other myeloid malignancies. RAS, NF1, and PTPN11 mutations are largely mutually exclusive in JMML, which suggests that mutant SHP-2 proteins deregulate myeloid growth through Ras. However, although Ba/F3 cells engineered to express leukemia-associated SHP-2 proteins cells showed enhanced growth factor-independent survival, biochemical analysis failed to demonstrate hyperactivation of the Ras effectors extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) or Akt. We conclude that SHP-2 is an important cellular PTPase that is mutated in myeloid malignancies. Further investigation is required to clarify how these mutant proteins interact with Ras and other effectors to deregulate myeloid growth.
Drainage Design Criteria: Too Restricted? Too Broad? Too Outdated? (1991)

Should drainage design policies be more flexible, leaving the field more open to engineering judgment? Are some policies too loose or broad? Should design criteria more closely reflect the current methods and procedures prescribed by federal publications? Presented are guidelines for design criteria which are loose enough to allow pure, creative, and responsible engineering and yet be structured enough to encourage good design practices.
Spatial Resolution Properties of Motion-Compensated Tomographic Image Reconstruction Methods (2012)

Many motion-compensated image reconstruction (MCIR) methods have been proposed to correct for subject motion in medical imaging. MCIR methods incorporate motion models to improve image quality by reducing motion artifacts and noise. This paper analyzes the spatial resolution properties of MCIR methods and shows that nonrigid local motion can lead to nonuniform and anisotropic spatial resolution for conventional quadratic regularizers. This undesirable property is akin to the known effects of interactions between heteroscedastic log-likelihoods (e.g., Poisson likelihood) and quadratic regularizers. This effect may lead to quantification errors in small or narrow structures (such as small lesions or rings) of reconstructed images. This paper proposes novel spatial regularization design methods for three different MCIR methods that account for known nonrigid motion. We develop MCIR regularization designs that provide approximately uniform and isotropic spatial resolution and that match a user-specified target spatial resolution. Two-dimensional PET simulations demonstrate the performance and benefits of the proposed spatial regularization design methods.
Anti‐nutritive effect of wheat pentosans in broiler chickens: Roles of viscosity and gut microflora (1992)

1. The mechanism of the anti-nutritive activity of isolated wheat pentosans was investigated by examining the roles of digesta viscosity and gut microflora in broiler chickens. 2. Wheat pentosans were isolated by alkaline extraction and purified by sequential treatment with pancreatin, alpha-amylase and lichenase, and high-speed centrifugation. Some of the pentosans were depolymerised using a beta-xylanase, which reduced the relative viscosity of the polysaccharides 4 fold. 3. Inclusion of 35 g alkali-extractable pentosans (containing 854 g arabinoxylans/kg DM) per kg diet significantly (P less than 0.05) depressed broiler performance and the viscosity of the digesta of these birds was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than that of controls. Addition of the same amount of depolymerised pentosans had no significant effect on bird performance and had less effect on digesta viscosity. 4. Supplementation of the diet containing wheat pentosans (30 g/kg) with procaine penicillin (150 mg/kg) did not improve bird performance. 4. It is concluded that the wheat pentosans elicit their anti-nutritive activity predominantly through increasing the viscosity of digesta.
&lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; prediction of intramuscular fat in pigs using computed tomography (2013)

One hundred and four pure-bred Norwegian Duroc boars were CT (computed tomography) scanned to predict the in vivo intramuscular fat percentage in the loin. The animals were slaughtered and the loin was cut commercially. A muscle sample of the m. Longissimus dorsi was sampled and analyzed by the use of near-infrared spectroscopy. Data from CT images were collected using an in-house MATLAB script. Calibration models were made using PLS (partial least square) regression, containing independent data from CT images and dependent data from near-infrared spectroscopy. The data set used for calibration was a subset of 72 animals. The calibration models were validated using a subset of 32 animals. Scaling of independent data and filtering using median filtering were tested to improve predictions. The results showed that CT is not a feasible method for in vivo prediction of intramuscular content in swine.