gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thyroid-Infiltrating B Lymphocytes in Graves' Disease are Related to Marginal Zone and Memory B Cell Compartments (2001)

B lymphocytes that infiltrate the thyroid (Thy-B cells) in Graves' patients appear to be implicated in the pathophysiology of this disorder. The goal of the present study was to examine the nature of these Thy-B cells. To this end, Thy-B lymphocytes were isolated from surgical thyroidal samples, and their phenotype was determined by using mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against a wide variety of surface markers, followed by flow cytometry multicolor analysis. The results show that most Thy-B cells (approximately 60%) exhibited IgM(+) IgD(low to -) surface immunoglobulin (Ig) profile, whereas the minor cell fraction (approximately 30%) consisted of switched IgG(+) memory B lymphocytes. Thy-B cells expressed low levels of CD5, CD23, and CD62L, which distinguished them from the resting B-cell pool, the major B-cell subset in the blood. In addition, they lacked CD38, CD10, and CD71, characteristic molecules for the germinal center B lymphocytes. In addition, Thy-B lymphocytes showed peculiar patterns both of adhesion molecules (CD62L(-), CD44(intermediate)), and of activation molecules (CD69(+), CD80(+), and, in part, CD95(+)). Taken together, these results suggest that the Thy-B lymphocyte subset consists of a combination of IgM(+) B cells resembling marginal zone B lymphocytes, and isotype-switched memory B cells.
[Postcard to Mary Ann Moore, December 29, 1913] (1913)

This is a document from the Charles B. Moore Collection. In this postcard, a family member from Gallatin thanks Mary for her remembrances and the little shoes. She expresses her wish to have them with the family in Gallatin this Christmas, but notes that they are having a good time and hopes the same for Mary and her family. She notes that she will write again soon to Moore and family. (The lower left side of the card is torn off, therefore the sender's name remains unknown as well as the information in those sentences.)
The Remote Measurement of Traffic Generated Carbon Monoxide (1983)

(1983). The Remote Measurement of Traffic Generated Carbon Monoxide. Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association: Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 220-222.
Preface to the third edition (2009)

2009 marks a double celebration for Darwin: the bi-centenary of his birth in 1809 and the 150th anniversary of the publication of the Origin in 1859. This third edition of Darwin's Plots is a contribution to that celebration. In approaching the material again I decided not to revise the original text (beyond a couple of errors). For the second edition (2000) I added an essay in the form of a ‘Preface’ that scanned recent developments around Darwin's writing. For this third edition I have added the essay ‘Darwin and the Consciousness of Others’. This relates Darwin's early thinking in the 1830s to his much later work such as The Descent of Man (1871) and Expression of the Emotions (1872). The topic is Darwin's abiding fascination with forms of consciousness in other organic life and his interest in the reasoning processes of infants and of other human cultures. That essay can be found at the end of this volume together with a further reading list.
High-<i>M</i>r glycoprotein profiles in human milk serum and fat-globule membrane (1986)

Gradient-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of human milk serum separated three high-Mr glycoprotein bands. The properties of the components corresponding to the three bands (tentatively termed 'Components C, B and A' in their order of migration) were compared by staining with four monoclonal antibodies and lectins. Components B and C both reacted with the four antibodies, but Component A did not. Components B and C were stained with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) agglutinin (PNA) and wheat (Triticum)-germ agglutinin (WGA), Component A being stained with soya-bean (Glycine max) agglutinin as well as PNA and WGA. These results suggest that Components B and C were related molecules, whereas Component A was markedly different from them. The reactivities of Components B and C were the same as those of PAS-0, a high-Mr periodate/Schiff (PAS)-positive glycoprotein previously isolated from human milk fat-globule membrane (MFGM). Component C, whose electrophoretic mobility was the same as PAS-0, could have been a soluble form of PAS-0. A high-Mr glycoprotein having the same properties as Component A was also observed in MFGM. The amino acid composition of the isolated Component A was significantly different from that of Component C and PAS-0, high threonine and serine contents being characteristic of Component A. The carbohydrate content of Component A was 65-80%, and was much higher than that of Component C and PAS-0. Fucose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine and sialic acid were each detected as constituent sugars of Component A. Component A represents, therefore, a new high-Mr glycoprotein species in human milk serum and MFGM. Since these glycoproteins were high-Mr mucin-like glycoproteins, the names 'HM glycoprotein-A' and 'HM glycoprotein-C' were proposed for Component A and Component C (PAS-O) respectively.
Molecular Diagnostics in Sepsis: From Bedside to Bench (2006)

Sepsis induces changes in mouse leukocyte gene expression that can be used to diagnose sepsis apart from systemic inflammation.
A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF FRONTAL OBLIQUE OFFSET IMPACTS (2003)

Vehicle crashworthiness in frontal collisions is often evaluated using a procedure that simulates a full frontal crash between two vehicles. In the real world, however, many of the accidents regarded as frontal collisions are oblique offset impacts. Such impacts may differ from full frontal collisions in terms of vehicle body deformation and occupant behaviour, owing to differences in the position and direction of the input crash energy. The distribution of occupant injuries in real-world accidents tends to vary depending on the impact angle. Accordingly, researching occupant protection measures based on a good understanding oblique offset impacts is a useful approach to help enhance vehicle safety performance further. In this work, vehicle body deformation and dummy behaviour were analyzed in frontal oblique offset impacts, involving car-to-car crashes of ordinary medium-size passenger vehicles, and in FEM simulations. A fundamental research study was then made of the results to identify the characteristics of frontal oblique offset impacts. The collision test results revealed that cabin deformation tended to increase when crash energy was applied at an oblique angle. It was observed that the struck vehicle also moved sideways, causing the force of inertia to act on the dummy. As a result, the dummy's upper torso translated sideways and ankle inversion/eversion occurred. In the FEM simulations, it was seen that the front side member of the struck vehicle sustained less axial deformation and that the engine compartment absorbed less energy than in the full frontal collision, resulting in the cabin structure needing to absorb larger proportions of the crash energy. FEM simulations showed that providing a subframe to connect the front side members and the floor panel increases the energy-absorbing capacity of the engine compartment. Additionally, MADYMO (Mathematical Dynamic Model) simulations showed that side-impact airbags on the struck side reduce the lateral translation of the near side dummy's upper torso. These simulations also showed that applying a control load that acts on the thighs and lower legs in the lateral direction reduces ankle inversion/eversion. For the covering abstract see ITRD E825082.
Change of Complement System Predicts the Outcome of Patients With Severe Thermal Injury (2003)

To establish the clinical relevance of the changes in the complement system in patients with thermal injury, we studied 20 patients who had third-degree burns on more than 60% of total body surface area. Their levels of the C3, C4, soluble C5b-9, and functional hemolytic activities of total (CH50) and alternative (AH50) complement pathways were sequentially measured for 2 weeks after thermal injury. All patients showed low C3 levels initially but increased C3 levels in the following days. The increasing trend of C3 levels was prominent in survivors but transient and diminished in nonsurvivors. The change of levels of C3, CH50, and AH50 was closely associated with one another, and their chronological trends related to the survival of patients (P =.0060,.0064 and.0066, respectively). The recovery of C3, AH50, and CH50 to normal or supranormal level during the early treatment period relates to the survival of patients with thermal injury. The failure of recovery of the complement system indicates a poor prognosis for patients and the monitoring of complement system might be beneficial in the care of patients with thermal injury.
SOAP3: ultra-fast GPU-based parallel alignment tool for short reads (2012)

SOAP3 is the first short read alignment tool that leverages the multi-processors in a graphic processing unit (GPU) to achieve a drastic improvement in speed. We adapted the compressed full-text index (BWT) used by SOAP2 in view of the advantages and disadvantages of GPU. When tested with millions of Illumina Hiseq 2000 length-100 bp reads, SOAP3 takes < 30 s to align a million read pairs onto the human reference genome and is at least 7.5 and 20 times faster than BWA and Bowtie, respectively. For aligning reads with up to four mismatches, SOAP3 aligns slightly more reads than BWA and Bowtie; this is because SOAP3, unlike BWA and Bowtie, is not heuristic-based and always reports all answers.
Troponin I chimera analysis of the cardiac myofilament tension response to protein kinase A (2001)

Viral-mediated gene transfer of troponin I (TnI) isoforms and chimeras into adult rat cardiac myocytes was used to investigate the role TnI domains play in the myofilament tension response to protein kinase A (PKA). In myocytes expressing endogenous cardiac TnI (cTnI), PKA phosphorylated TnI and myosin-binding protein C and decreased the Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilament tension. In marked contrast, PKA did not influence Ca2+-activated tension in myocytes expressing the slow skeletal isoform of TnI or a chimera (N-slow/card-C TnI), which lack the unique phosphorylatable amino terminal extension found in cTnI. PKA-mediated phosphorylation of a second TnI chimera, N-card/slow-C TnI, which has the amino terminal region of cTnI, caused a decrease in the Ca2+ sensitivity of tension comparable in magnitude to control myocytes. Based on these results, we propose the amino terminal region shared by cTnI and N-card/slow-C TnI plays a central role in determining the magnitude of the PKA-mediated shift in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, independent of the isoform-specific functional domains previously defined within the carboxyl terminal backbone of TnI. Interestingly, exposure of permeabilized myocytes to acidic pH after PKA-mediated phosphorylation of cTnI resulted in an additive decrease in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. The isoform-specific, pH-sensitive region within TnI lies in the carboxyl terminus of TnI, and the additive response provides further evidence for the presence of a separate domain that directly transduces the PKA phosphorylation signal.
Methods for risk analysis and spatial upscaling of process-based models: Experiences from projects Carbo-Extreme and GREENHOUSE (2015)

In the recently finished EU-funded project Carbo-Extreme, we developed a simple probabilistic method for quantifying vulnerabilities and risks to ecosystems ( http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/8/1/015032 ). The method defines risk as expected loss due to environmental hazards, and shows how such risk can be calculated as the product of ecosystem vulnerability and hazard probability. The method was used with six different vegetation models to estimate current and future drought risks for crops, grasslands and forests across Europe ( http://www.biogeosciences.net/11/6357/2014/bg-11-6357-2014.html ). In the still ongoing UK-funded project GREENHOUSE, the focus is on spatial upscaling of local measurements and model predictions of greenhouse gas emissions to wider regions. As part of this work, we are comparing different model upscaling methods – ranging from naive input aggregation to geostatistics – and quantify the uncertainties associated with the upscaling. This work builds on an earlier inventory of model upscaling methods that was produced in a collaboration of CEH-Edinburgh and the University of Bonn ( https://www.stat.aau.at/Tagungen/statgis/2009/StatGIS2009_Van%20Oijen_1.pdf ). Here we show a comparison of the methods using model predictions for the border region of England and Scotland.
Characterization of changes in potato tissue during cooking in relation to texture development (1997)

Using a 45Ca blot-overlay assay, we monitored the subcellular fractionation pattern of several Ca binding proteins of apparent molecular masses 94, 61, and 59 kD. These proteins also appeared to stain blue with "Stains-All." Additionally, using a monoclonal antiserum raised against canine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase, we examined the subcellular distribution of a canine pancreatic 110-kD protein recognized by this antiserum. This protein had the same electrophoretic mobility as the cardiac protein against which the antiserum was raised. The three Ca binding proteins and the Ca-ATPase cofractionated into the rough microsomal fraction (RM), previously shown to consist of highly purified RER, in a pattern highly similar to that of the RER marker, ribophorin I. To provide further evidence for an RER localization, native RM were subjected to isopycnic flotation in sucrose gradients. The Ca binding proteins and the Ca-ATPase were found in dense fractions, along with ribophorin I. When RM were stripped of ribosomes with puromycin/high salt, the Ca binding proteins and the Ca-ATPase exhibited a shift to less dense fractions, as did ribophorin I. We conclude that, in pancreas, the Ca binding proteins and Ca-ATPase we detect are localized to the RER (conceivably a subcompartment of the RER) or, possibly, a structure intimately associated with the RER.
Theoretical approach to the humping phenomenon in welding processes (1992)

The conjecture which explains the humping phenomenon in terms of Marangoni convection is discussed and rejected. Instead, Rayleigh's theory of the instability of a free liquid cylinder due to surface tension is applied. The width-to-length ratio of the weld pool has to exceed 1/2 pi to avoid humping. The growth time of a disturbance is found to be approximately the same as the growth time of a hump. The analysis of a bounded cylinder provides a new stability criterion which allows the introduction of a bounding function to distinguish between arc and laser welding. The weld pool dimensions are estimated in terms of a simple heat conduction model. The threshold value predicted theoretically for the travel speed above which humping commences agrees well with the experimental value. It decreases with increasing power, which is in qualitative agreement with experimental results.
Kalman Temporal Differences (2010)

Because reinforcement learning suffers from a lack of scalability, online value (and Q-) function approximation has received increasing interest this last decade. This contribution introduces a novel approximation scheme, namely the Kalman Temporal Differences (KTD) framework, that exhibits the following features: sample-efficiency, non-linear approximation, non-stationarity handling and uncertainty management. A first KTD-based algorithm is provided for deterministic Markov Decision Processes (MDP) which produces biased estimates in the case of stochastic transitions. Than the eXtended KTD framework (XKTD), solving stochastic MDP, is described. Convergence is analyzed for special cases for both deterministic and stochastic transitions. Related algorithms are experimented on classical benchmarks. They compare favorably to the state of the art while exhibiting the announced features.
Low-frequency reactance amplifier (1963)

A reactance amplifier has been constructed which is capable of low-noise amplification at audio and subaudio frequencies [1]. Stable voltage amplification of 20-30 db and noise figures as low as 0.16 db (50-K source resistance) have been observed for signal frequencies between 2 and 50 cps. The circuit configuration is a double sideband up-converter or modulator in which a band of frequencies from dc to several hundred cycles is used to modulate a 150-kc carrier. An analysis for noise and gain is presented which considers the average, fundamental, and second-harmonic components of the time-varying diode capacitance. The amplifier input is a signal at low audio frequency, while the output is composed of the sum and difference sidebands of the pump. Gain is realized through up-converter action associated with the frequency shift from signal frequency to near pump frequency; the sum and difference sidebands are further amplified in the output tank by the negative resistance resulting from the action of the component of time-varying capacitance at the second harmonic of the pump frequency. Gain and equivalent input noise resistance are discussed as functions of detuning in the passive output tank; measured and calculated results are compared. A scheme is also presented for stabilizing the amplifier at high values of negative resistance gain.
THE FORMATION OF CREATINE FROM GLYCOCYAMINE IN THE LIVER (1940)

The study of the precursors of creatine in animals has been beset by two difficulties principally. One has been the lack of really adequate biological material; the other, the lack of a specific, and at the same time sensitive analytical method. Experiments hitherto have consisted in attempts to change the urinary excretion of creatine and creatinine, or the creatine content of the tissues of intact animals or of isolated perfused organs. The normal, i.e. uncontrolled, fluctuations in tissue composition and urinary excretion are relatively large compared with the changes induced experimentally; it is often impossible to distinguish when experimental effects are observed, whether these have arisen from changes in the processes of excretion or synthesis; there may be variations in the water content of the tissues, thereby affecting their percentile composition; all of these have stood in the way of firm conclusions being drawn.
A novel arterial infusion chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma after vascular supply distribution via superselective embolization (2000)

BACKGROUND Patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage IV advanced pancreatic carcinoma have been treated by systemic chemotherapy, intraarterial chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and multidisciplinary treatment using a combination of these. However, the outcome has not always been satisfactory. In the current study the authors describe the method and results of a new chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic carcinoma. METHODS To restrict the blood flow into the pancreas (mainly to the great pancreatic artery and the caudal pancreatic artery), the peripancreatic blood vessels were embolized superselectively with microcoils. In 31 patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma, the catheter tip for the arterial infusion chemotherapy was placed in the splenic artery just proximal to the branching of the great pancreatic artery when the treatment was given for primary tumors, and in the common hepatic artery when the treatment was given for a metastatic liver lesion. The other end of the catheter was connected to an implanted injection port embedded in the femoral region, and 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin were administered by continuous arterial infusion. RESULTS Of the 31 patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma, 23 (74%) underwent hemodynamic change and arterial infusion chemotherapy, with a response rate of 73.9% (complete response rate of 8.7% and a partial response rate of65.2%) and a mean survival period of 18.26 ± 10.06 months. The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were 90.9%, 42.8%, and 18.3%, respectively, with a mean survival period of 19.0 months. Of these 23 patients, the 16 patients with liver metastases had a response rate of 68.8% and a mean survival period of 16.25 ± 8.35 months, whereas the 7 patients without liver metastases had a response rate of 87.5% and a mean survival period of 22.86 ± 12.69 months. CONCLUSIONS In patients with Stage IV advanced pancreatic carcinoma, arterial infusion chemotherapy after hemodynamic change was found to be effective against both primary tumors and metastatic liver lesions. The authors believe that the treatment presented in the current study should be attempted, even in patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma, as long as the blood vessels for vascular supply distribution exist. Cancer 2000;89:303–13. © 2000 American Cancer Society.
Microfabrication and parallel operation of 5×5 2D AFM cantilever arrays for data storage and imaging (2002)

In this paper we report on the microfabrication of a 5/spl times/5 2D cantilever array and its successful application to parallel imaging. The 5/spl times/5 array with integrated force sensing and tip heating has been fabricated using a recently developed, all dry silicon backside etching process. The levers on the array have integrated piezoresistive sensing. The array is scanned in x and y directions using voice coil actuators. Three additional voice coil z actuators are used in a triangular arrangement to approach the sample with the array chip. The system is thus leveled in the same way as an air table. We report details of the array fabrication, the x-y scanning and approach system as well as images taken with the system.
The Addition Compounds of Olefins with Mercuric Salts. (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Addition Compounds of Olefins with Mercuric Salts.J. ChattCite this: Chem. Rev. 1951, 48, 1, 7–43Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60149a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60149a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations148LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts