gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time-Varying Data Visualization Using Clustered Heatmap and Dual Scatterplots (2016)

Heatmap is one of the effective representations for time-varying data visualization. It may require large display spaces when an input dataset contains large number of data items or time steps. We may often want mechanisms to interactively filter non-important data items or time steps, so that we can form appropriate sizes of heatmaps and focus on important data items or time steps. This paper presents a heatmap-based time-varying data visualization technique featuring an interactive mechanism to display meaningful data items and time steps. This technique firstly calculates distances between arbitrary pairs of data items, and constructs a dendrogram consisting the data items. It then generates clusters of the data items and displays the data items belonging to the specified sizes of clusters in the heatmap, so that we can focus on groups of similar or correlated data items. It applies a similar mechanism to a set of time steps so that we can remove outlier time steps from the heatmap. Our implementation features two scatterplots, which represent distribution of data items and time steps respectively, and slider widgets to interactively adjust the thresholds of the clustering process. We can intuitively understand how clusters of data items or time steps are constructed, by looking at the scatterplots while operating the sliders.
Functions (1991)

The inverse of a one-one function. Composition of functions. Graphical illustration of a function and its inverse. Graphical solution of equations.
Extended Intensity Range Imaging (1993)

A single composite image with an extended intensive range is generated by combining disjoint regions from different images of the same scene. The set of images is obtained with a chargecoupled device (CCD) set for different flux integration times. By limiting differences in the integration times so that the ranges of output pixel values overlap considerably, individual pixels are assigned the value measured at each spatial location that is in the most sensitive range where the values are both below saturation and are most precisely specified. Integration times are lengthened geometrically from a minimum where all pixel values are below saturation until all dark regions emerge from the lowest quantization level. The method is applied to an example scene and the effect the composite images have on traditional low-level imaging methods also is examined. 1 Introduction While it is true that reflectance values range over less than two orders of magnitude (often much less), variat...
Zero skew clock routing algorithm for high performance ASIC systems (2002)

As the chip dimensions are growing and switching speed of circuit elements is increasing, the issues related to clock delay are becoming more important. As a result, clock routing problem has been extensively studied in recent years. Most of the research has concentrated on minimizing or eliminating clock skew. The problem of minimizing total wirelength and maintaining planarity has received little or no attention. The authors consider the problem of routing clock nets in high performance ASIC systems. They develop an algorithm which routes a planar clock tree with zero skew and minimal total wirelength. The proposed algorithm provides a tradeoff between total wavelength and planarity of the clock tree. The authors propose two clock routing approaches; First, they develop a clock routing algorithm, which achieves zero skew clock trees with minimal wirelength. The second approach results in planar clock trees with zero skew at the cost of larger wirelength. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm produces zero skew trees which are planar and have up to 15% less wirelength than previous algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Fiber optic smart structures for aerospace and natural applications</title> (1995)

Fiber optic sensors offer a series of important advantages with respect to alternative technologies including immunity to electromagnetic interference, small size, light weight, long and short gage length options, the ability to be multiplexed in large numbers and environmental ruggedness. These characteristics make them ideal for many aerospace and natural smart structure applications that are overviewed in this paper.
NMR Characterization of the Dynamics of Biomacromolecules (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVarticleNEXTNMR Characterization of the Dynamics of BiomacromoleculesArthur G. Palmer III*View Author Information Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032 Phone: (212) 305-8675. Fax: (212) 305-6949. E-mail: [email protected] columbia.edu. Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 8, 3623–3640Publication Date (Web):June 26, 2004Publication History Received10 November 2003Published online26 June 2004Published inissue 1 August 2004https://doi.org/10.1021/cr030413tCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views7704Altmetric-Citations683LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (326 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Diffusion,Kinetic parameters,Magnetic properties,Peptides and proteins,Quantum mechanics Get e-Alerts
Conocimientos y actitudes sobre hiperplasia benigna prostática en varones mayores de 35 años de Madrid sin enfermedad (2016)

espanolLa hiperplasia benigna de prostata (HBP) es un problema que afecta a muchos hombres a partir de los 50 anos y del que muchas veces no estan informados hasta el momento del diagnostico. El objetivo de este estudio es el de estudiar los conocimientos que tienen los hombres no diagnosticados de HBP, para lo que se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo transversal sobre 180 hombres con muestreo no probabilistico de conveniencia y en el que se ha utilizado un cuestionario compuesto por preguntas sociodemograficas y por 11 items que se responden mediante una escala tipo Likert del 1 al 5 en funcion del nivel de acuerdo o desacuerdo. Se obtuvieron resultados de tipo descriptivo en el que se observa que el item con mayor grado de acuerdo fue el referido a que la cirugia prostatica resta potencia sexual, mientras que en el que habia menor grado fue en el referido a que si la actividad sexual afectaba a la prostata. Segun el analisis bivariante, se puede afirmar que cuanto menor es la edad, mas preocupacion hay por la funcion sexual. Se concluye con la idea de que es necesario mejorar los conocimientos sobre la HBP. EnglishBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a problem which affects many men over the age of 50, who are not often informed about until diagnosis. The aim of this study is to know what knowledge of BPH men, who are undiagnosed benign prostatic hyperplasia, have. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, A self-administered questionnaire was provided to a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 180 men. The self-administered questionnaire also contained socio-demographic questions and 11 items with Likert scale running from �strongly disagree� to �strongly agree�. The findings of this research indicate that the item �prostate surgery reduces potency� there was the greatest consensus while the item �Sexual activity affects prostate� there was disagreement. Based on bivariate analysis, we can say that the younger people are the greater it is concern for sexual function. It is concluded that there is a need to improve knowledge of BPH.
Fruit quality of twenty four accessions of Orange 'Criolla' at Macanillas-Curimagua, Falcón State, Venezuela. (2009)

Macanillas is a population whose economy, is based in the agriculture
and the tourism, being the orange ′Criolla′ a traditional
cultivate. It is located in Curimagua Falcon, to 800 msnm, and with a
temperature average of 26 ΊC, being those smaller than the State
that presents stockings of 32 ΊC in general. Was carried an
exploratory study to determine the quality of the fruit in 24 orange
accession ′Criolla using a design totally at random with 24
treatments and 8 repetitions. An intentional sampling was applied
taking into account the approach of the producer. Twenty fruits were
harvested in each one of those which were selected 8 at random.
Physical variables were determined: mass, relationship diameter
polar/diameter equatorial (Dp/De), number of seeds, shell thickness,
and percentage of juice; and chemical variables: total soluble solids
(TSS), total titatrable acidity (TTA), maturation index (TSS/TTA) and
pH. They were statistical differences in all the analyzed variables.
With relationship to the physics, the maximum and minima values were
207,06 g -114,34 g; 1 - 0,90; 5 - 19; 8,14 - 4,14 mm; 45,87% - 31,99%
for the mass, Dp/De, number of seeds, shell thickness and % of juice,
respectively. Regarding the chemical variables the values (maximum -
minimum) of TSS, ATT, TSS/ATT and pH were of 11,89 - 8,21 ΊBrix;
1,29 - 0,43%; 20,65 - 8,06; 4,05 - 3,21; respectively, being confirmed
the high variability in the quality of the orange fruit
′Criolla′ in the area.
A model for analysing the innovation dynamic in services: the case of 'assembled' services (2008)

International audience
Segmentation of road edges from a vehicle-mounted imaging radar (2002)

This work treats a problem arising in intelligent vehicles and highway systems (IVHS), specifically in automatic road following, collision avoidance, and maneuver control. A millimeter-wave radar is placed on the front of the vehicle and an image of the radar backscatter of the terrain is acquired in polar coordinates. This image contains both road and offroad scatter components which must be segmented from each other. The radar sensor acquires the scene in polar coordinates while constraints on the road edges are naturally formulated in the Cartesian cartographic domain. One novelty of our approach is to apply the road constraints in polar coordinates which allows us to estimate the road edge parameters directly from recorded data. Another novelty is to construct an estimator which minimizes a cost criterion which is largely insensitive to the off-road scatter components. Numerical results are given for real data (L-band radar images of a south-east Michigan roadway) which indicate the accuracy and robustness of our approach.
On the resolution of density anomalies in the Earth's mantle using spectral fitting of normal-mode data (2002)

The resolution of the 3-D density structure in the Earth's deep interior has long eluded geoscientists. High-quality data from digital seismic instruments emplaced this decade have renewed interest in the measurement of low-frequency Earth normal modes with the goal of extracting heterogeneous density structure. Here we perform a series of synthetic experiments aimed at investigating the resolution of lateral variations in the mantle from normal-mode spectral data. Contamination effects between seismic velocities and density are examined in two ways: (1) by using resolution matrices computed from data kernels and (2) by inverting synthetic spectra computed from realistic input Earth models. The first type of experiment assumes that the non-linearity of the inverse problem is weak. No such assumptions are necessary in the second type of tests which, nevertheless concur in their results with the former. These synthetic tests indicate that density structure retrieved from presently available normal-mode data is not reliable. Contamination of seismic velocity structure into the density model space produces patterns that resemble those obtained from inversions of real data. The resulting density models appear to be dependent on a combination of the starting velocity models and the model parametrization.
Automatic generation of 3D coronary artery centerlines (2007)

A fully automated 3D centerline modeling algorithm for coronary arteries is presented. It utilizes a subset of standard rotational X-Ray angiography projections that correspond to a single cardiac phase. The projection selection is based on a simultaneously recorded electrocardiogram (ECG). The algorithm utilizes a region growing approach, which selects voxels in 3D space that most probably belong to the vascular structure. The local growing speed is controlled by a 3D response computation algorithm. This algorithm calculates a measure for the probability of a point in 3D to belong to a vessel or not. Centerlines of all detected vessels are extracted from the 3D representation built during the region growing and linked in a hierarchical manner. The centerlines representing the most significant vessels are selected by a geometry-based weighting criterion. The theoretically achievable accuracy of the algorithm is evaluated on simulated projections of a virtual heart phantom. It is capable of extracting coronary centerlines with an accuracy that is mainly limited by projection and volume quantization (0.25 mm). The algorithm needs at least 3 projections for modeling, while in the phantom study, 5 projections are sufficient to achieve the best possible accuracy. It is shown that the algorithm is reasonably insensitive to residual motion, which means that it is able to cope with inconsistencies within the projection data set caused by finite gating accuracy, respiration or irregular heart beats. Its practical feasibility is demonstrated on clinical cases showing automatically generated models of left and right coronary arteries (LCA/RCA).
CPO Complete, a novel test for fast, accurate phenotypic detection and classification of carbapenemases (2019)

Carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPOs) are Gram-negative bacteria that are typically resistant to most or all antibiotics and are responsible for a global pandemic of high mortality. Rapid, accurate detection of CPOs and the classification of their carbapenemases are valuable tools for reducing the mortality of the CPO-associated infections, preventing the spread of CPOs, and optimizing use of new β-lactamase inhibitor combinations such as ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam and imipenem/relebactam. The current study evaluated the performance of CPO Complete, a novel, manual, phenotypic carbapenemase detection and classification test. The test was evaluated for sensitivity and specificity against 262 CPO isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii and 67 non-CPO isolates. It was also evaluated for carbapenemase classification accuracy against 205 CPOs that produced a single carbapenemase class. The test exhibited 100% sensitivity 98.5% specificity for carbapenemase detection within 90 minutes and detected 74.1% of carbapenemases within 10 minutes. In the classification evaluation, 99.0% of carbapenemases were correctly classified for isolates that produced a single carbapenemase. The test is technically simple and has potential for adaptation to automated instruments. With lyophilized kit storage at temperatures up to 38°C, the CPO Complete test has the potential to provide rapid, accurate carbapenemase detection and classification in both limited resource and technologically advanced laboratories.
“Peace at Home, Peace in the World”: The Rise and Role of Nationalism in Turkish Political Life (2009)

There have been many arguments over recent years regarding the role of nationalism in an ever-globalizing world. Is nationalism becoming irrelevant? Will the nation become a political entity of the past? Or has increased global cohesion caused an in-creased affinity to a local identity? While the specifics are still debated, most observers point to one fact: nationalism and its political harbingers are stronger than ever. These ethnic nationalisms are generally thought to provide and maintain a solid identity for groups who otherwise see their cultural distinctiveness slipping away into what is, in many cases, a homogenous Westernization. Many scholars see globalization as the destruction of national identity and a threat to nation-states, particularly with respect to the growth of the internet and mass media. This is not the case. The international resurgence of tribalism and ethno-nationalism in recent decades is a testament to the spirit of ethno-national affinity in the modern world. Globalization removes the artificial bonds of ever changing political borders in favor of restoring the natural bonds of regionalism, ethno-nationalism and populism. One nation that has a highly nationalistic culture with both the popular support and legal means to back it up is modern day Turkey.
Prosthetic valve function under simulated low cardiac output conditions: preliminary observations. (1993)

An experimental protocol was developed and a series of laboratory experiments started to assess the function and behaviour of replacement valves under simulated low cardiac output, that is low flow and low pressure conditions. The Helmholtz Institute's pulse duplicator (1) and instrumentation were carefully tuned in order to achieve accurate and reproducible delivery of the required extremely small stroke volumes. A pilot study was completed with 27 mm St. Jude Medical and CarboMedics bileaflet valves and Wessex porcine bioprostheses, three each, in the simulated aortic position. The results of these experiments suggest that the performances of the two bileaflet prostheses are inadequate if the flow is less than 2.0 l/min; the porcine bioprosthesis needs relatively low flow to start proper function, but its stenotic nature soon becomes apparent; increase in pressure without a corresponding increase in flow has a deleterious effect on valve performances by increasing regurgitation; increasing pulse rate is inversely correlated with valve efficiency; and there is no "all-or-none" cut off point between functional and non-functional situation for the tested devices; there is a semilogarithmic relation between increasing flow and valve performance. The clinical consequences are manifold and may be related both to the stabilization of circulation and to the increased thromboembolic risk during the early postoperative period.
The protection of sheep against blowfly strike. III. The effect of different formulations of gamma benzene hexachloride (B.H.C.) (1954)

The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 300dpi. \nAdobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.
Regulation of Neuronal Function by Choline and 4OH-GTS-21 Through α7 Nicotinic Receptors (2003)

A unique feature of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor physiology is that, under normal physiological conditions, alpha7 receptors are constantly perfused with their natural selective agonist, choline. Studying neurons of hypothalamic tuberomammillary (TM) nucleus, we show that choline and the selective alpha7 receptor agonist 4OH-GTS-21 can regulate neuronal functions directly, via activation of the native alpha7 receptors, and indirectly, via desensitizing those receptors or transferring them into a state "primed" for desensitization. The direct action produces depolarization and thereby increases the TM neuron spontaneous firing (SF) rate. The regulation of the spontaneous firing rate is robust in a nonphysiological range of choline concentrations >200 microM. However, modest effects persist at concentrations of choline that are likely to be attained perineuronally under some conditions (20-100 microM). At high physiological concentration levels, the indirect choline action reduces or even eliminates the responsiveness of alpha7 receptors and their availability to other strong cholinergic inputs. Similarly to choline, 4OH-GTS-21 increases the TM neuron spontaneous firing rate via activation of alpha7 receptors, and this regulation is robust in the range of clinically relevant concentrations of 4OH-GTS-21. We conclude that factors that regulate choline accumulation in the brain and in experimental slices such as choline uptake, hydrolysis of ACh, membrane phosphatidylcholine catabolism, and solution perfusion rate influence alpha7 nAChR neuronal and synaptic functions, especially under pathological conditions such as stroke, seizures, Alzheimer's disease, and head trauma, when the choline concentration in the CSF is expected to rise.
Dancing links (2000)

The author presents two tricks to accelerate depth-first search algorithms for a class of combinatorial puzzle problems, such as tiling a tray by a fixed set of polyominoes. The first trick is to implement each assumption of the search with reversible local operations on doubly linked lists. By this trick, every step of the search affects the data incrementally. The second trick is to add a ghost square that represents the identity of each polyomino. Thus puts the rule that each polyomino be used once on the same footing as the rule that each square be covered once. The coding simplifies to a more abstract form which is equivalent to 0-1 integer programming. More significantly for the total computation time, the search can naturally switch between placing a fixed polyomino or covering a fixed square at different stages, according to a combined heuristic. Finally the author reports excellent performance for his algorithm for some familiar puzzles. These include tiling a hexagon by 19 hexiamonds and the N queens problem for N up to 18.
Inhibition of Protein Kinase C Signaling Maintains Rat Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency* (2013)

Embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency is orchestrated by distinct signaling pathways that are often targeted to maintain ESC self-renewal or their differentiation to other lineages. We showed earlier that inhibition of PKC signaling maintains pluripotency in mouse ESCs. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the importance of protein kinase C signaling in the context of rat ESC (rESC) pluripotency. Here we show that inhibition of PKC signaling is an efficient strategy to establish and maintain pluripotent rESCs and to facilitate reprogramming of rat embryonic fibroblasts to rat induced pluripotent stem cells. The complete developmental potential of rESCs was confirmed with viable chimeras and germ line transmission. Our molecular analyses indicated that inhibition of a PKCζ-NF-κB-microRNA-21/microRNA-29 regulatory axis contributes to the maintenance of rESC self-renewal. In addition, PKC inhibition maintains ESC-specific epigenetic modifications at the chromatin domains of pluripotency genes and, thereby, maintains their expression. Our results indicate a conserved function of PKC signaling in balancing self-renewal versus differentiation of both mouse and rat ESCs and indicate that targeting PKC signaling might be an efficient strategy to establish ESCs from other mammalian species.
Nikkomycin Z is a specific inhibitor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitin synthase isozyme Chs3 in vitro and in vivo (1994)

Nikkomycin Z inhibits chitin synthase in vitro but does not exhibit antifungal activity against many pathogens. Assays of chitin synthase isozymes and growth assays with isozyme mutants were used to demonstrate that nikkomycin Z is a selective inhibitor of chitin synthase 3. The resistance of chitin synthase 2 to nikkomycin Z in vitro is likely responsible for the poor activity of this antibiotic against Saccharomyces cerevisiae.