gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Phosphorylates Disabled 1 Independently of Reelin Signaling (2002)

Two major signaling pathways that control neuronal positioning during brain development have been uncovered as a result of genetic and biochemical studies on neurological mouse mutants. Mice deficient in Reelin, Disabled 1 (Dab1), or both the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and the apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) exhibit identical neuroanatomic defects in laminar structures throughout the brain. These proteins function as components of the Reelin signaling pathway. Reelin is a secreted glycoprotein that binds to VLDLR and ApoER2, inducing tyrosine phosphorylation of Dab1, an intracellular adapter protein. Neuronal migration is also regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and its activating subunits p35 and p39. Mice deficient in Cdk5, p35, or both p35 and p39 exhibit lamination defects that are similar but not identical to those observed in mice with a defect in the Reelin signaling pathway. Cdk5 phosphorylates proteins that maintain cytoskeletal structures and promote cell motility. To explore the possibility that Cdk5 influences the Reelin pathway, we sought to determine whether Dab1 is a substrate for Cdk5. Here we show that Cdk5 phosphorylates Dab1 on serine 491 in vitro and in vivo, independently of Reelin signaling. We also show that ectopic neurons in Cdk5-deficient mice exhibit reduced levels of Reelin signaling during later stages of cortical development, although Cdk5 is not required for Reelin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Dab1. Although the functional significance of Dab1 serine phosphorylation is unclear, our results suggest that there is biochemical cross-talk between two signaling pathways that control cell positioning.
Rat reproductive performance following photodynamic therapy with topically administered Photofrin (1995)

A rat animal model was used for comparing the photodynamic efficacy of two formulations of topically administered Photofrin in the uterus: 0.7 mg/kg Photofrin and 0.7 mg/kg Photofrin + 4% Azone, a penetration-enhancing agent. Uterine structure and reproductive performance were evaluated following illumination with 80 J/cm2 of 630 nm light. Fluorescence microscopy was employed to determine drug localization in frozen uterine sections at various times after drug administration. Functionality studies demonstrated a significant reduction in the number of implantations per treated uterine horn compared to controls. The mean number of implantations decreased systematically on increasing the interval between Photofrin administration and light application. At 72 h, 0.88 +/- 0.52 gestational sacs per rat were recorded with Photofrin therapy, compared with 8.1 +/- 1.12 (P = 0.01) on the untreated side, indicating nearly complete loss of reproductive capability. Similar results were achieved after only 3 h treatment with Photofrin + Azone (0.38 +/- 0.26 sacs per rat versus 7.5 +/- 1.07 on the untreated side; P = 0.01). This indicates that the effect of Photofrin can be enhanced either by extending the drug incubation period from 3 to 72 h or by adding the penetration-enhancing drug Azone. Fluorescence pharmacokinetic studies suggest that both forms of topically administered Photofrin are diffusely distributed throughout the endometrium at virtually the same rate. However, Azone may enhance the selectivity of photodynamic therapy by facilitating drug targeting to critical endometrial structures.
Bacterial Ice Nucleation: Molecular Biology and Applications (1987)

(1987). Bacterial Ice Nucleation: Molecular Biology and Applications. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 107-136.
Wireless Location (2003)

Abstract This article provides an overview of wireless location technologies, methods and applications.
Advanced 3D-CAD interface for micromachining with excimer lasers (1999)

Using CAD-CAM software tools in a production chain from the design to the NC code generation and manufacturing of workpieces is state of the art in common technologies such as milling or turning. Today these software tools are equipped with intelligent algorithms consider the characteristics of the respective production technology like e.g. the consideration of different tools to manufacture different volume sizes or the quality of special surface finishes.
Pulsed delivery of laser energy in experimental thermal retinal photocoagulation (1990)

Retinal lesions produced with a pulsed laser beam of 1-20 kHz frequency and 10-100% duty cycle were compared
with lesions produced with a continuous wave (cw) laser of the same peak power and total energy. Photocoagulation was
applied to the retina of three black pigmented rabbits using krypton red laser (647.1 nm) equipped with an acousto-optical
modulator to convert cw laser emission to a pulsating beam. An optical fiber fed the laser beam into an optical system
delivering a collimated beam of predetermined divergence; the animal's eye focused this beam to a 50-pm spot on the retina.
Peak power was kept constant at 0.2 W, and energy was kept constant at 20 mJ. After 7 months the animals were sacrificed
and retinal tissue examined by light microscopy. The central section of each lesion was identified and photographed. For
lesions with the same energy per pulse and the same pulse duration, the most influential factor, in the frequency range of 1-20
kHz, appeared to be the duty cycle: the smaller the duty cycle, the smaller the lesion, and vice versa. In other words, the
shorter the time interval between consecutive pulses, the larger were the pulsed laser lesions.
Technique of patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty (1988)

Resurfacing of the patellofemoral joint is fraught wan many potential promems. Extreme care must, be used in the technical aspects of resurfacing. The thickness of the patella should be maintained. Asymmetric resurfacing should be avoided. Proper patellar tracking must be present throughout a range of motion. Metal-backed implants should be avoided. A biconvex patellar dome has proven to be a valuable technique for the management of patellar bone loss.
Variable frame rate for low power mobile sign language communication (2007)

The MobileASL project aims to increase accessibility by enabling Deaf people to communicate over video cell phones in their native language, American Sign Language (ASL). Real-time video over cell phones can be a computationally intensive task that quickly drains the battery, rendering the cell phone useless. Properties of conversational sign language allow us to save power and bits: namely, lower frame rates are possible when one person is not signing due to turn-taking, and signing can potentially employ a lower frame rate than fingerspelling. We conduct a user study with native signers to examine the intelligibility of varying the frame rate based on activity in the video. We then describe several methods for automatically determining the activity of signing or not signing from the video stream in real-time. Our results show that varying the frame rate during turn-taking is a good way to save power without sacrificing intelligibility, and that automatic activity analysis is feasible.
Dimethylsulfoxide maintains intercellular communication by preserving the gap junctional protein connexin32 in primary cultured hepatocyte doublets from rats (1997)

Intercellular communication via gap junctions is one of the differentiated functions of cells. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is known to induce cell differentiation and maintain differentiated cellular functions in primary hepatocyte culture, but the mechanism of action of DMSO is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effect of DMSO on cell-cell communication via gap junctions of hepatocyte doublets, which are differentiated cells that lose differentiated functions with time in culture. In isolated rat hepatocyte doublets, we assessed the effects of 1, 2 and 3% DMSO in culture medium on morphological changes and dye-coupling activity between pairs of cells by microinjection with fluorescent dye (Lucifer Yellow CH). The distribution of gap junction protein connexin32 (Cx32) was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence analysis and the Cx32 mRNA was detected by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. Dimethylsulfoxide delayed the morphological change of hepatocyte doublets from a spherical to a flattened shape. Dye-coupling efficiency significantly decreased with time in culture in the control group, whereas in groups treated with 2 and 3% DMSO, dye-coupling efficiency was retained after 6 and 9 h of inoculation (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Analysis by indirect immunofluorescence showed few fluorescent spots for Cx32 in the control group at 9 h of incubation, whereas many punctate fluorescent spots were seen in the 3% DMSO group at 9 h of incubation. The detection of Cx32 mRNA in the 3% DMSO group was also stronger than in controls. Dimethylsulfoxide significantly maintained intercellular communication via gap junctions in primary cultured rat hepatocytes through the preservation of functional Cx32 protein, thus maintaining cell differentiation.
Mutation in the crp gene of Salmonella typhimurium which interferes with inducer exclusion (1980)

A mutation in the crp gene of Salmonella typhimurium is described which overcame the defects of ptsHI deletion mutants for growth on a number of nonphosphotransferase system compounds. This mutation abolished inducer exclusion in a leaky ptsI mutant. The possible implications for the mechanism of inducer exclusion are discussed.
Sugar‐free Antibodies—The Bacterial Solution to Autoimmunity? (2009)

The enzyme EndoS from Streptococcus pyogenes is an immunomodulatory molecule hydrolyzing the conserved glycans in the effector part of immunoglobulin G (IgG). EndoS is remarkably specific for IgG, and hydrolysis has profound effects on IgG effector functions. EndoS pretreatment of IgG, or direct administration to animals with experimental antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases, inhibits development of disease or cures animals from established disease. The properties of EndoS make it a unique experimental tool and an attractive alternative to current therapies of conditions involving pathogenic antibodies. This review describes the discovery of EndoS, the effects of EndoS on IgG effector functions in vitro and in vivo, the biotechnological potential of EndoS, and the outcomes of EndoS treatment in animal models of autoimmunity.
A high-power, low-noise polarization maintaining Erbium/Brillouin fiber amplified source (2002)

A polarization maintaining erbium/Brillouin fiber amplifier was investigated. The output noise of the amplified source was measured and compared to shot-noise. Shot-noise limited performance was achieved within the 1 GHz to 8 GHz frequency band.
Strategies of pain reduction during the bone marrow biopsy (2012)

Examination of the bone marrow biopsy and aspirate allows diagnosis and assessment of various conditions such as primary hematologic and metastatic neoplasms, as well as nonmalignant disorders. Despite being performed for many years, according to many different protocols, the procedure still remains painful for the majority of patients. This paper summarizes the current knowledge of pain reduction measures in the bone marrow biopsy and aspiration.
Stability of Ferrate(VI) Ion in Aqueous Solution (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStability of Ferrate(VI) Ion in Aqueous SolutionJ. M. Schreyer and L. T. OckermanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1951, 23, 9, 1312–1314Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60057a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60057a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views755Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Association Between Timing of Epinephrine Administration and Intact Neurologic Survival Following Out‐of‐hospital Cardiac Arrest in Japan: A Population‐based Prospective Observational Study (2012)

Early epinephrine administration may be associated with higher rates of intact neurologic survival and any survival in adult bystander-witnessed OHCA patients. This article provides a potential method to address the selection bias inherent in observational studies that examine the effects of drug administration in OHCA patients.
False-Positive Psychology: Undisclosed Flexibility in Data Collection and Analysis Allows Presenting Anything as Significant (2011)

In this article, we accomplish two things. First, we show that despite empirical psychologists’ nominal endorsement of a low rate of false-positive findings (≤ .05), flexibility in data collection, analysis, and reporting dramatically increases actual false-positive rates. In many cases, a researcher is more likely to falsely find evidence that an effect exists than to correctly find evidence that it does not. We present computer simulations and a pair of actual experiments that demonstrate how unacceptably easy it is to accumulate (and report) statistically significant evidence for a false hypothesis. Second, we suggest a simple, low-cost, and straightforwardly effective disclosure-based solution to this problem. The solution involves six concrete requirements for authors and four guidelines for reviewers, all of which impose a minimal burden on the publication process.
Modified ranks of tensors and the size of circuits (1993)

Article Free Access Share on Modified ranks of tensors and the size of circuits Authors: P. Pudlák View Profile , V. Rödl View Profile Authors Info & Claims STOC '93: Proceedings of the twenty-fifth annual ACM symposium on Theory of ComputingJune 1993 Pages 523–531https://doi.org/10.1145/167088.167228Published:01 June 1993Publication History 16citation338DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations16Total Downloads338Last 12 Months11Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Improved thermal DENO/sub x/ process verified by field testing (1984)

A non-catalytic method for removing oxides of nitrogen (NO/sub x) from flue gas in stationary combustion sources has been developed and commercially demonstrated. Types of installations on which the process has been installed include gas and oil-fired steam boilers, utility boilers, process furnaces, oil field steam generators and a glass melting furnace. Successful tests have also been conducted on a municipal incinerator. This process, called thermal DENO/sub x/, is based on a gas phase homogeneous reaction. The technology involves injection of ammonia into the hot flue gas within a prescribed temperature range. This temperature range can be significantly expanded through the additional injection of hydrogen. The NO/sub x/ reduction is essentially independent of the concentration of oxides of sulfur or particulate matter in the flue gas. Recently, development of an accurate kinetic model of the process chemistry has significantly expanded the understanding of the interaction of all parameters affecting DENO/sub x/ performance, and permits accurate calculation of NO/sub x/ emission reduction and ammonia breakthrough. In addition, field tests on novel injector designs reveal greater performance capability than previously achieved. These advances have resulted in DENO/sub x/ capability of 70% to over 80%, load following capability without the use of hydrogen,more » grid-less injectors and a lower cost. In this paper, the new technology is described by briefly reviewing the process chemistry and current injection systems. Also illustrated is the recently expanded capability to assess the essential for DENO/sub x/ effectiveness in new and existing designs of fired equipment by three-dimensional flow modeling coupled with the kinetic model.« less
The Problem of the Amber Signal Light in Traffic Flow (1960)

A theoretical analysis and observations of the behavior of motorists confronted by an amber signal light are presented. A discussion is given of the following problem when confronted with an improperly timed amber light phase a motorist may find himself, at the moment the amber phase commences, in the predicament of being too close to the intersection to stop safely or comfortably and yet too far from it to pass completely through the intersection before the red signal commences. The influence on this problem of the speed of approach to the intersection is analyzed. Criteria are presented for the design of amber signal light phases through whose use such “dilemma zones” can be avoided, in the interest of over-all safety at intersections.
Long-term evolution of the 5'UTR and a region of NS4 containing a CTL epitope of hepatitis C virus in two haemophilic patients. (1997)

Haemophilic patients exposed to unsterilized clotting factor concentrates prior to 1985 have become infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). We have studied the sequence evolution of the 5'UTR and a region of NS4 over 12 years in one human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive haemophilic patient and 14 years for one HIV negative haemophilic patient. One sample each year from the date of HCV infection to 1994 was analysed for genotype, virus load and nucleotide sequence of the two genetic loci. Both patients were infected with HCV genotype 1 throughout the study period. The virus load profiles were similar except that the profile for the HIV infected patient was displaced 4 years earlier relative to the other patient. Mean divergence of the quasispecies at both the 5'UTR and NS4 loci was higher in the HIV coinfected patient. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that evolution of the 5'UTR was host independent, whereas the NS4 region containing a CD8 restricted CTL epitope evolved in a host specific fashion.
New Management of Angle－closure Glaucoma by Phacoemulsification with Folable Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation (2002)

Objective:To investigate the management of angle-closure glaucoma by phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOIL)implantation.Design:Retrospective,noncontrolled interventional case series.Participants:In 36 eyes with angle -closure glaucoma(ACG).there were 18eyes with primary acute angle-closure glaucoma(PACG),14 eyes with primary chonic angle -closure glaucoma(PCCG),3 eyes with secondary acute angle-closure glaucoma (SACG) and 1 eye with secondary chronic angle -closure glaucoma(SCCG).Intervention:Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.Main Outcome Measures:Postoperative visual acuity,IOP,axial anterior chamber depth.Results:After a mean postoperative follow -time of 8.81±7.45 months,intraocular pressure was reduced from a preoperative mean of 23.81±17.84 mmHg to a postoperative mean of 12.54±4.73mmHg(P=0.001).Mean anterior chamber depth was 1.75±0.48 mm preoiperatively and 2.29±0.38mm postoperatively(P-0.000).Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity in 36 eyes ranged from 0.01 to 0.7(20/200 to 20/30)postoperatively,which was better than preoperative VA ranging from hand movement to 0.4(20/50)(P=0.000).Conclusion:Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens implantation can be a good alternative in treating angle-closure glaucoma.Eye Science2000;16:22-28.
Elevated peripheral blood glutamate levels in major depressive disorder (2018)

Our findings suggest that altered glutamate levels may be implicated in MDD, which provides further evidence of glutamatergic dysfunction in MDD.
Distinction between Two Subpopulations of β<sub>1</sub>‐Adrenergic Receptors in Human Adipose Cells (1981)

The beta-adrenergic receptors in human adipose membranes were identified by the specific and saturable binding of the beta-adrenergic antagonist (--)-[3H]dihydroalprenolol. The total number of sites in control membranes was 0.32 +/- 0.03 pmol/mg protein and the equilibrium dissociation constant for binding (Kd) was 2.6 nM and 2.5 nM as determined by Scatchard analysis of experiments on equilibrium binding and kinetics, respectively. The beta 1-adrenergic nature of the receptors was derived from the order of potencies of beta-adrenergic agonists (isoproterenol greater than norepinephrine greater than epinephrine) to complete with (--)-[3H]dihydroalprenolol for binding. Studies of saturation binding, kinetics and competition binding revealed the presence of a single class of beta 1-adrenergic receptors. Prolonged incubation of human adipose cells in the presence of (--)-norepinephrine decreases the lipolytic response to beta-adrenergic agonists, and reduces by 50% the concentration of beta-adrenergic receptors. The Kd values for (--)-[3H]dihydroalprenolol and the beta-adrenergic agonists remain unchanged. Catecholamines also produce a rapid conformational change of approximatively 50% of the receptors in control membranes as revealed by their increased sensitivity towards inactivation by the alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide. This inactivation process is not observed in desensitized membranes, which indicates that desensitization and inactivation by agonists plus N-ethylmaleimide affect the same receptor population. The beta 1-adrenergic receptors in human adipocytes can thus be divided into two subpopulations on the basis of the different consequences of their interaction wtih agonist molecules.
Resistance of narrow diffused layers (1972)

The resistance evaluation of very narrow diffused layers is described. A two-dimensional analysis of the diffused layer conductance has been made using a numerical technique. A substantial reduction of the effective sheet resistance is shown to occur when the width of a diffusion mask window is narrowed relative to the junction depth. This indicates that the conductance of such narrow layers is influenced predominantly by the lateral diffusion effect, and that the geometrical effect of diffusion mask on the vertical impurity penetration can be almost neglected. The experimental data are in good agreement with this result. Design curves are presented to determine the resistance accurately, which are useful for the design of high-value resistors in integrated circuits.