gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intracardiac Scanning of the Heart with the Aid of Ultrasonic Intravenous Probe (1967)

WITHIN the recent decade, distinguished advancement has been made in application of ultrasound in various medical fields. Ultrasonic technique can realize images of the soft tissues by both absorption and reflection, which structure is more clearly identified with this technique than with X-ray in a fine contrast due to different propagation constants of ultrasound between tissues. A number of investigators have focused their efforts on visualization of the soft tissue structure and its movement by various pulse-reflection methods. These methods have been proved of a great diagnostic value and have appeared to be promising to the future. One of the advantages of ultrasonic diagnosis is absence of pain and diagnostic surgery. However, if a little surgery is added, application of this diagnostic method is extended. As for application to the heart, conventional ultrasonic echography through the chest wall is limited in indication and in result, being disturbed by precardiac tissues as well as air in the lung. In 1960, Cieszynski reported the intracardiac method with a miniature ultrasonic probe inserted into the heart lumen through the jugular vein of an anesthetized dog and he obtained reflections of ultrasound from the surface of the right and left heart lumen as well as from the great vessels without any harm. Since 1962, the author devised and applied the ultrasonic intravenous probe to animals and patients with heart diseases, which is called the “cardiac sonde” while another probe for detecting liver lesions is called the “liversonde” which was introduced in our previous papers.In this paper, principle, procedures and results of the intracardiac ultrasonic scanning inside the heart with this probe are described with a focus in detection of atrial septal defect of the heart.
Sleep laboratory studies in periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) patients as compared with normals and acute effects of ropinirole (2001)

Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) occurs in a variety of sleep disorders and can cause insomnia as well as hypersomnia with daytime somnolence. The aim of this study was to investigate 12 untreated PLMD patients as compared with 12 normal controls and to measure the acute effects of 0.5 mg ropinirole (Requip((R))) - a non-ergoline dopamine agonist - as compared with placebo. In three nights (adaptation, placebo, ropinirole night) objective and subjective sleep and awakening quality were evaluated. In the target variable 'periodic leg movements per hour of sleep' (PLM/(hTST)) PLMD patients showed an increased value of 42/h (normal 0-5/h) with a greater number of arousals due to periodic leg movements (PLM) in sleep. They further demonstrated an increased number of awakenings, sleep stage S1, S4, stage shifts and decreased S2, but there were no significant differences concerning total sleep time, sleep efficiency (SE), subjective sleep quality and morning measures of mood, drive and drowsiness. However, measures of attention variability, numerical memory, fine motor activity and reaction time performance were impaired. Ropinirole 0.5 mg was shown to significantly improve the index PLM/(hTST) by 64% and arousals due to PLM, increase spontaneous arousals, REM-latency, stage 2 and stage shifts and decrease SREM. In the morning attention variability was attenuated and numerical memory augmented. Thus, ropinirole improved some sleep architecture and early morning measures of performance but specifically all PLM variables, which suggests a dopaminergic pathogenesis in PLMD. Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FOURIER RING CORRELATION SIMPLIFIES IMAGE RESTORATION IN FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY (2019)

Abstract Fourier ring correlation (FRC) has recently gained some popularity among (super-resolution) fluorescence microscopists as a straightforward and objective method to measure the effective resolution of a microscopy image. While the knowledge of the numeric resolution value is helpful in e.g. interpreting imaging results, much more practical use can be made of FRC analysis – in this article we propose novel blind image restoration methods enabled by it. We apply FRC to perform image de-noising by frequency domain filtering. We propose novel blind linear and non-linear image deconvolution methods that use FRC to estimate the effective point-spread-function, directly from the images, with no need for prior knowledge of the instrument or sample characteristics. The deconvolution is shown to work exquisitely with both two- and three-dimensional images. We also show how FRC can be used as a powerful metric to observe the progress of iterative deconvolution. While developing the image restoration methods, we also addressed two important limitations in FRC that are of more general interest: how to make FRC work with single images and with three-dimensional images with anisotropic resolution.
A knowledge-based system for measuring the quality of the distribution of salami slices on pizza crusts (2011)

All manufacturing companies have been trying to integrate intelligence-oriented strategies into their workflow. This saves time and money and leads to a better quality of goods. This intelligent strategy is in the subject area of Artificial Intelligence (AI). In our contribution a “Knowledge-Based System” (KBS) for image processing and pattern recognition, machine learning (ML) is used to measure the quality of the distribution of salami slices on pizza crusts. Measuring quality provides the opportunity to correct the position of the salami slices by automated systems (e.g. a robot arm) in the future rather than by employees.
Aliasing (1979)

In computed tomography, each projection, or view, is broken up into n data samples. If the interval between samples is d there is an associated Nyquist frequency KN = 1/(2d), which represents the highest spatial frequency retrievable after the sampling process. If higher frequencies are present, as in the case of sharp edges of bone, they will cause aliasing errors which show up on the final image as streaks radiating from the edges. These streaks differ from interpolation streaks in that they are not synchronous with the view angles and are not affected by the number of views. Three remedies for aliasing streaks are (i) broadening the source-detector aperture function so as to physically filter out the high frequencies before sampling: (ii) finer sampling of the data, followed by digital filtering to remove the high frequencies (attractive with translate-rotate or stationary detector scanners); or (iii) offsetting the detector sampling points (attractive with rotating-detector 360° scanners). With remedy iii. opposing views can either be interleaved, to double the spatial resolution, or processed separately, in which case the aliasing error cancels. These remedies are illustrated for both parallel and fan-beam projections. In the case of fan beam projections, the cancellation is close but not exact, because opposing rays do not precisely coincide.
<i>CYCLOTELLA CRETICA</i> , A NEW SPECIES OF DIATOM FROM THE ISLAND OF CRETE, GREECE (1990)

The morphology, systematics and ecology of a new centric diatom—CycZotelZa cretica, from Lake Kournas in the island of Crete, Greece—are reported. The morphological variation and ultrastructure of the diatom are described as revealed by light and scanning electron microscopy. The species is characterised by a smooth flat central area with one to five, mostly three, central fultoportulae, a marginal zone of striae with several marginal fultoportulae, and a single submarginal rimoportula on the valve face. The morphology of C. cretica is compared with that of other taxa in the genus Cyclotella.
Four-level phase only, spatial light modulator (1993)

A novel scheme is presented for obtaining binary levels of arbitrary phase shift based on a commercially available ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator (FLCSLM) and appropriate polarisation optics. The performance is reported of a programmable two-stage cascaded device giving four states of equal magnitude with phases in quadrature.
Properties of the three-phase bodies in water-oil-nonionic amphiphile mixtures (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties of the three-phase bodies in water-oil-nonionic amphiphile mixturesM. Kahlweit, R. Strey, D. Haase, and P. FirmanCite this: Langmuir 1988, 4, 4, 785–790Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00082a001https://doi.org/10.1021/la00082a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views419Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>An Improved Laser Cane For The Blind</title> (1974)

In 1965 the first model of a laser cane for the blind was produced for the Veterans Administration (VA)* by Bionic Instruments, Inc. Since then, development has proceeded through three more models (Ref. 1) to the present C-5 cane (Ref. 2)-- the final "production" model to be described here.
Partial synthesis of vinblastine-type alkaloids (1975)

Application of a modification of Polonovski's reaction facilitates partial synthesis of vinblastine-type alkaloids.
Evaluation of the use of laser scanning to create key models for 3D printing separate from and augmenting visible light sensing (2016)

The illicit creation of 3D printed keys is problematic as it can allow intruders nearly undetectable access to secure facilities. Prior work has discussed how keys can be created using visible light sensing. This paper builds on this work by evaluating the utility of keys produced with laser scanning. The quality of the model produced using a structured laser scanning approach is compared to the quality of a model produced using a similarly robust visible light sensing approach.
Controlled vapor-phase synthesis of cobalt oxide nanomaterials with tuned composition and spatial organization (2010)

Cobalt oxide nanostructures are deposited by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) on Si(100) substrates at temperatures between 300 and 550 °C, using for the first time a novel Co(II) adduct as molecular precursor [Co(hfa)2·TMEDA; hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate, TMEDA = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine]. The preparation is conducted either under dry (O2) or wet (O2 + H2O) oxygen atmospheres, at total pressures of 3.0 or 10.0 mbar. The obtained results evidence that, upon dry O2 at 10.0 mbar, the initial nucleation of CoO occurs, followed by its progressive oxidation to Co3O4 during the subsequent growth stages. In a different way, cobalt monoxide can be selectively obtained at 3.0 mbar. In all cases, water vapor acts as an oxidant towards cobalt, favoring the formation of Co3O4 phases with a more pronounced {111} and {110}-type faceting. Structural, compositional and morphological characterization evidences the possibility of obtaining high purity CoO/Co3O4 systems with tailored morphological features, from films to columnar nanostructures, thus highlighting the potential and versatility of the proposed synthetic strategy.
FK506 inhibits murine AA amyloidosis: possible involvement of T cells in amyloidogenesis. (2006)

Our findings may provide a new therapeutic strategy for amyloidosis. The results suggested that T cells may play an important role in the mechanism of amyloid formation in AA amyloidosis.
Pulsed-mode laser Sagnac interferometry with applications in nonlinear optics and optical switching (1986)

A Sagnac interferometer (SI) has been constructed with a mode-locked Nd3+:YAG laser as its source. The advantages in pulsed laser interferometry of using a SI over a Mach-Zehnder interferometer are analyzed. The autostability property of SI is experimentally demonstrated. Applications of an SI to light-induced index of refraction change measurements and to the picosecond optical switching are discussed. Experimental results are presented.
Effect of Linear Density of States on the Quasiparticle Dynamics and Small Electron-Phonon Coupling in Graphite (2008)

We obtained the spectral function of very high quality natural graphite single crystals using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. A clear separation of nonbonding and bonding bands and asymmetric lineshape are observed. The asymmetric line shapes are well accounted for by the finite photoelectron escape depth and the band structure. The extracted width of the spectral function (inverse of the photohole life time) near the K point is, beyond the maximum phonon energy, approximately proportional to the energy as expected from the linear density of states near the Fermi energy. The upper bound for the electron-phonon coupling constant is about 0.2, a much smaller value than the previously reported one.
Beam-driven linear and nonlinear THz source technology (2012)

Advances in dielectric resonators and materials have arisen in the context of research into new particle acceleration techniques. In the wakefield accelerator, electromagnetic fields excited by an electron beam in a low loss dielectric structure are used to accelerate a second, trailing beam to high energy. Energy can be efficiently extracted from the beam in this manner and thus the accelerating structure can also be used as an RF source, with frequencies extending into the THz. New ferroelectrics are also finding significant uses in this technology; some of the applications discussed are nonlinear frequency multiplication and frequency agile (tunable) cavities.
Ad hoc network system based on infrared communication (2003)

Recently, it becomes popular to use small size computers such as notebook computers or PDAs in the mobile environment. It sometimes happens that several computers meet at the same place such as meeting rooms or conference sites. In such environment, there are demands to make a direct communication among mobile computers. Route maintenance and host enumeration are key requirement for such an ad hoc network. In this paper, we propose a network system based on infrared communication. Our system solves host enumeration as well as route maintenance using diffusing computation. We describe autonomous communication protocol for the ad hoc network and an implementation of mobile system using the protocol.
Because I Was a Girl: True Stories for Girls of All Ages (2018)

This is the anthology of the modern age of women. Girls of all ages, from all walks of life, unfold the events of their lives to the eyes of the public. Raw, honest, positive, and hopeful stories line the pages of de la Cruz’s book. Read of the courage of trailblazing politicians, financial executives, and fiery entrepreneurs. Witness the bloom of young girls into fierce advocates, truth-speaking writers, and empathetic social innovators. Ache with the bruised, abused, and suppressed; rejoice as they rise above the cards they’re dealt to mentor and raise the ones behind them.
The Status of Irrigating Fluids for Transurethral Resection: Our Experience and A Survey of the Use of Various Solutions By Others (1949)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Sep 1949The Status of Irrigating Fluids for Transurethral Resection: Our Experience and A Survey of the Use of Various Solutions By Others1 G.L. Garske, O.C. Phares, and T.H. Sweetser G.L. GarskeG.L. Garske More articles by this author , O.C. PharesO.C. Phares More articles by this author , and T.H. SweetserT.H. Sweetser More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)68928-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1949 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByKramolowsky E and Tucker R (2018) The Urological Application of ElectrosurgeryJournal of Urology, VOL. 146, NO. 3, (669-674), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1991.Adair E (2018) Suprapubic ShuntJournal of Urology, VOL. 108, NO. 3, (449-452), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1972.Harrison R, Boren J and Robison J (2018) Dilutional Hyponatremic Shock: Another Concept of the Transurethral Prostatic Resection ReactionJournal of Urology, VOL. 75, NO. 1, (95-110), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1956.Maluf N, Boren J and Brandes G (2018) Absorption of Irrigating Solution and Associated Changes Upon Transurethral Electroresection of ProstateJournal of Urology, VOL. 75, NO. 5, (824-836), Online publication date: 1-May-1956.Hagstrom R (2018) Studies on Fluid Absorption During Transurethral Prostatic ResectionJournal of Urology, VOL. 73, NO. 5, (852-859), Online publication date: 1-May-1955.Creevy C (2018) Observations on Hemolysis During Transurethral Resection: The Effects of UreaJournal of Urology, VOL. 68, NO. 1, (324-328), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1952.Creevy C (2018) The Mortality of Transurethral Prostatic ResectionJournal of Urology, VOL. 65, NO. 5, (876-882), Online publication date: 1-May-1951.Goodwin W, Cason J and Scott W (2018) Hemoglobinemia and Lower Nephron Nephrosis Following Transurethral Prostatic SurgeryJournal of Urology, VOL. 65, NO. 6, (1075-1092), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1951. Volume 62Issue 3September 1949Page: 322-327 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1949 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information G.L. Garske More articles by this author O.C. Phares More articles by this author T.H. Sweetser More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Automated hyperspectral target detection and change detection from an airborne platform: Progress and challenges (2010)

Over the past five years, the Air Force Research Laboratory and the Space Computer Corporation have supported the Civil Air Patrol in the development of the Airborne Real-time Cueing Hyperspectral Enhanced Reconnaissance (ARCHER) system, which combines a visible/near infrared hyperspectral imaging system, high-resolution panchromatic imaging sensor, a real-time on-board target detection processor and other supporting elements to aid in civilian search-and-rescue missions. The procurement and fielding of the ARCHER system provided useful practical experience in terms of moving hyperspectral remote sensing into an operational context, including areas where further advances are needed. It also provided an airborne collection platform with which to experiment and refine target detection and change detection algorithms to gain greater insight into detection performance. Many of the system and algorithm characteristics and refinements have been reported previously in the literature. This paper attempts to go one step further in providing several of the key lessons-learned from CAP ARCHER experience, with a specific aim to illuminate the areas where further progress is needed and suggest approaches that may address these remaining shortfalls.
Dietary Carotenoids and Risk of Lung Cancer in a Pooled Analysis of Seven Cohort Studies (2004)

Intervention trials with supplemental beta-carotene have observed either no effect or a harmful effect on lung cancer risk. Because food composition databases for specific carotenoids have only become available recently, epidemiological evidence relating usual dietary levels of these carotenoids with lung cancer risk is limited. We analyzed the association between lung cancer risk and intakes of specific carotenoids using the primary data from seven cohort studies in North America and Europe. Carotenoid intakes were estimated from dietary questionnaires administered at baseline in each study. We calculated study-specific multivariate relative risks (RRs) and combined these using a random-effects model. The multivariate models included smoking history and other potential risk factors. During follow-up of up to 7-16 years across studies, 3,155 incident lung cancer cases were diagnosed among 399,765 participants. beta-Carotene intake was not associated with lung cancer risk (pooled multivariate RR = 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.87-1.11; highest versus lowest quintile). The RRs for alpha-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, and lycopene were also close to unity. beta-Cryptoxanthin intake was inversely associated with lung cancer risk (RR = 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.86; highest versus lowest quintile). These results did not change after adjustment for intakes of vitamin C (with or without supplements), folate (with or without supplements), and other carotenoids and multivitamin use. The associations generally were similar among never, past, or current smokers and by histological type. Although smoking is the strongest risk factor for lung cancer, greater intake of foods high in beta-cryptoxanthin, such as citrus fruit, may modestly lower the risk.
Top-down control of the phase of alpha-band oscillations as a mechanism for temporal prediction (2015)

The physiological state of the brain before an incoming stimulus has substantial consequences for subsequent behavior and neural processing. For example, the phase of ongoing posterior alpha-band oscillations (8-14 Hz) immediately before visual stimulation has been shown to predict perceptual outcomes and downstream neural activity. Although this phenomenon suggests that these oscillations may phasically route information through functional networks, many accounts treat these periodic effects as a consequence of ongoing activity that is independent of behavioral strategy. Here, we investigated whether alpha-band phase can be guided by top-down control in a temporal cueing task. When participants were provided with cues predictive of the moment of visual target onset, discrimination accuracy improved and targets were more frequently reported as consciously seen, relative to unpredictive cues. This effect was accompanied by a significant shift in the phase of alpha-band oscillations, before target onset, toward each participant's optimal phase for stimulus discrimination. These findings provide direct evidence that forming predictions about when a stimulus will appear can bias the phase of ongoing alpha-band oscillations toward an optimal phase for visual processing, and may thus serve as a mechanism for the top-down control of visual processing guided by temporal predictions.