gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low Cost Cryogenic Propulsion Module for Scientific and Commercial Missions (2007)

The Low Cost cryogenic Propulsion (LCCP) uses cryogenic or semi -cryogenic propellants to provide either a h igher payload capacity than with the classical GTO / ABM combination for geostationary satellites or allow very highV for planetary missions. The propellant mass could be as low as 1 ton for semi cryogenic combinations and 4 tons to 10 tons for cryogenic ones (LOX / LH2). The delta V can reach 4 000 m/s for commercial missions and 5.3 km/s for scientific ones. Conversely, the LCCP module can be used to increase the orbited payload in Mars orbit using a moderateV. Propulsion modules for scientific missio n are mounted atop a classical (existing) launcher while commercial stages would be preferably associated to a new launcher in a more distant future . I. INTRODUCTION: LCCP is a promising technique to extend the benefits of cryogenic propulsion to smaller up per stages, and interplanetary propulsion modules. The general concept consists in using one or up to four low thrust engines (500 N to 1000 N each) to perform multiple firings of variable duration in orbit to get very high speed increment ( �V) without sig nificant efficiency loss w. r .t .Hohmann transfer. The total impulse (up to 50 MN.s) could be close to the total impulse of standard upper stages 1,3 . The dry mass and overall size are smaller than for a conventional stage. Two mission cases are analysed: � A commercial LEO - GEO transfer with a 10 tons propellant mass. � A multi -mission module for scientific and interplanetary mission with a propellant mass of 6 tons.
Materials and Methods Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics of CEM-102 (Sodium Fusidate) Against Streptococcus pyogenes Using In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Models (2009)

Introduction Results Conclusions Brian T. Tsuji, Pharm.D. Dept. of Pharmacy Practice SUNY, University at Buffalo Buffalo, NY 14228 Email: btsuji@buffalo.edu
A method for the measurement of the refractive index of dielectric cylinders (1997)

A method for the precise measurement of the refractive index in dielectric rods of arbitrary diameter is proposed, tested and analysed. The method uses a grid of regularly spaced lines which is observed through the transparent cylinder under monochromatic illumination. The images of the grid lines are rotated with respect to the original orientation, and the maximum deflection angle is uniquely related with the refractive index. The sensitivity of the method is analytically studied and an experimental proof is given.
Primary tumor cells of myeloma patients induce interleukin-6 secretion in long-term bone marrow cultures (1994)

Long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and normal donors were analyzed for immunophenotype and cytokine production. Both LTBMC adherent cells from myeloma and normal donor origin expressed CD10, CD13, the adhesion molecules CD44, CD54, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, very late antigen 2 (VLA-2), and VLA-5, and were positive for extracellular matrix components fibronectin, laminin, and collagen types 3 and 4. LTBMC from myeloma patients and normal donors spontaneously secreted interleukin-6 (IL-6). However, levels of IL-6 correlated with the stage of disease; highest levels of IL-6 were found in LTBMC from patients with active myeloma. To identify the origin of IL-6 production, LTBMC from MM patients and normal donors were cocultured with BM-derived myeloma cells and cells from myeloma cell lines. IL-6 was induced by plasma cell lines that adhered to LTBMC such as ARH-77 and RPMI-8226, but not by nonadhering cell lines U266 and FRAVEL. Myeloma cells strongly stimulated IL-6 secretion in cocultures with LTBMC adherent cells from normal donors and myeloma patients. When direct cellular contact between LTBMC and plasma cells was prevented by tissue-culture inserts, no IL-6 production was induced. This implies that intimate cell-cell contact is a prerequisite for IL-6 induction. Binding of purified myeloma cells to LTBMC adherent cells was partly inhibited by monoclonal antibodies against adhesion molecules VLA-4, CD44, and lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) present on the plasma cell. Antibodies against VLA-4, CD29, and LFA-1 also inhibited the induced IL-6 secretion in plasma cell-LTBMC cocultures. In situ hybridization studies performed before and after coculture with plasma cells indicated that LTBMC adherent cells produce the IL-6. These results suggest that the high levels of IL-6 found in LTBMC of MM patients with active disease are a reflection of their previous contact with tumor cells in vivo. These results provide a new perspective on tumor growth in MM and emphasize the importance of plasma cell-LTBMC interaction in the pathophysiology of MM.
A scintillation proximity assay for transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) (1991)

Conference Article| April 01 1991 A scintillation proximity assay for transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) RICHARD HOFFMAN; RICHARD HOFFMAN 1Xenova Ltd, 545 Ipswich Road, Slough, Berks., SL1 4EQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar LEWIS CAMERON LEWIS CAMERON 1Xenova Ltd, 545 Ipswich Road, Slough, Berks., SL1 4EQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1991) 19 (2): 238S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst019238s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation RICHARD HOFFMAN, LEWIS CAMERON; A scintillation proximity assay for transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα). Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1991; 19 (2): 238S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst019238s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1991 Biochemical Society1991 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A Literature Review on the Prediction of Pedestrian Behavior in Urban Scenarios (2018)

The ability to anticipate pedestrian actions on streets is a safety issue for intelligent cars and has increasingly drawn the attention of the automotive industry. Estimating when pedestrians will cross streets has proved a challenging task, since they can move in many different directions, suddenly change motion, be occluded by a variety of obstacles and distracted while talking to other pedestrians or typing on a mobile phone. Moreover, their decisions can also be affected by several factors. This paper explores the ways pedestrians' intention estimation has been studied, evaluated, and evolved. It provides a literature review on pedestrian behavior prediction, addresses available solutions, state-of-the-art developments, and hurdles to be overcome towards reaching a solution that is closer to the human ability to predict and interpret such scenarios. Although many studies can precisely estimate pedestrians' positioning one second before they cross a street, most of them cannot precisely predict when they will stop at a curb.
The Anatomic Basis of Connections Between the Coronary Sinus Musculature and the Left Atrium in Humans (2000)

In the human heart, a consistent but morphologically variable left atrial coronary sinus myocardial connection was found. This emphasizes the need for surgical dissection or catheter ablation in or around the coronary sinus to eliminate these connections.
Stimulation of Immunity Without Alteration of Oral Tolerance in Mice Fed With Heat‐Treated Fermented Infant Formula (2006)

ABSTRACT Objectives: Little information is available on the properties of fermented milk formula intended to healthy infants. This study analyzes the effect of long‐term ingestion of a heat‐treated, fermented milk formula on the development of oral tolerance or systemic immune response to soluble antigens in mice. Materials and Methods: The C3H/HeN mice, fed with a heat‐treated fermented ( Bifidobacterium breve C50 and Streptococcus thermophilus 065 ) infant formula (htFF) or a matched control diet (control), were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) with or without gavage of 20 mg OVA to induce tolerance or immunity, respectively. Systemic and local anti‐OVA immune responses and intestinal barrier function were measured after 5 to 6 weeks. Results: Oral tolerance to OVA developed similarly in htFF‐ and control‐fed mice, attested to by the downregulation of OVA‐specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgE after oral OVA administration. In contrast, immunization with OVA led to significantly higher titers in htFF‐fed mice than in control‐fed mice (log2 IgG titers, 16.45 ± 1.24 and 15.46 ± 0.79, respectively; P = 0.012). Jejunal interferon gamma, interleukin 12p40 and interleukin 10 expressions were significantly higher in tolerized mice fed with htFF compared with those fed with the control diet. Mucosal to serosal intact horseradish peroxidase fluxes were lower in htFF‐fed mice than in control‐fed mice (39 ± 8 and 118 ± 38 ng/h.cm 2 , respectively; P < 0.0001), indicating that the htFF diet reinforces intestinal barrier capacity to macromolecules. Conclusions: In mice, htFF strengthens intestinal barrier and enhances systemic immune responses to antigens without interfering with the development of oral tolerance, suggesting a potential beneficial effect in host defence and vaccination.
WRIST (Wrist Resonator for Independent Stroke Training) (2014)

With incidents of stroke becoming increasingly frequent, finding new means of providing more efficient and effective rehabilitation has become a rapidly growing area of research. While much of the focus has been directed towards robot-based methods, mechanically passive methods capable of providing similar therapeutic benefits in a less expensive and safer package are also being explored. Such devices are more practical for wide-spread use, both in a clinical setting as well as for in-home therapy. This thesis developed a mechanically passive device for neuromuscular rehabilitation after stroke called WRIST (Wrist Resonator for Independent Stroke Training). WRIST incorporates a tone-canceling linkage designed to counteract intrinsic wrist stiffness to ease movement, as well as an appropriately designed mass and superimposed spring stiffness to create a resonant environment that the user can take advantage of to facilitate repetitive wrist flexion and extension. As a proof of concept, a pilot study with two, chronic, severely-impaired stroke subjects was conducted to verify benefits of the linkage and resonant system. The torque profiles of each subject's wrist, as well as the residual wrist torque with the linkage engaged were measured and verified that the linkage accurately cancelled the intrinsic wrist stiffness. Moreover, the tone-canceling linkage increased active range of motion of the wrist, and superimposing the resonant system further increased it. These results support the idea that appropriately-designed, mechanically passive devices have the potential to provide therapeutic benefits similar to that of robotic rehabilitation devices.
Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriple Quadrupole Mass SpectrometryR. A. Yost and C. G. EnkeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 12, 1251A–1264APublication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online25 May 2012Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50048a792https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50048a792research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1152Altmetric-Citations137LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of habitat suitability index models for riverine life stages of American shad: with proposed models for premigratory juveniles (1993)

Abstract : Field evaluations of existing habitat suitability index (HSI) models for spawning adults, eggs, and larvae of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) were conducted in 1990-92; initial models for juveniles in nursery habitats were developed. Fish abundance in various habitats of the upper Delaware River was quantified by (1) observation of adult spawning activity, (2) collection of eggs and larvae with metered plankton and drift nets, and (8) enumeration of juveniles by underwater observation and seining techniques. Regression analysis, principal component analysis, and range analysis were used to relate abundance to an array of physical habitat variables potentially influencing fish distributions.
New film-forming aromatic poly(amide-imide)s containing isoindoloquinazolinedione unit in the backbone. 2. Physical properties of the film cast from poly(biphenylphthalicdianhydride-oxydianiline-4,4?-diamino-3?-carbamoyl-benzanilide) [poly(BPDA-ODA-DACB)] (2000)

New aromatic poly(amide-imide) films containing isoindoloquinazolinedione unit in the backbone chain were directly obtained by thermal cyclization of the prepolymer of poly(amic acid-carbonamide) type, i.e., poly(biphenylphthalic dianhydride-oxydianiline-4,4′-diamino-3′-carbamoyl-benzanilide) [poly(BPDA-ODA-DACB)]. The films, before heat treatment, exhibited the tensile strength of 30 ≈ 40 MPa and the tensile modulus of 1.3 ≈ 1.9 GPa. After heat treatment, the strength and modulus increased to 135 ≈ 150 MPa and 2.6 ≈ 2.7 GPa, respectively. The films remained transparent throughout the thermal treatment. The cyclized films were much more chemically resistant to alkali than the commercial products such as “Kapton” film and “P84” film, while thermal properties were comparable. The isoindoloquinazolinedione unit induced in the chain backbone on the heat treatment of the films was considered to be a major factor responsible for the superior physical properties of the films. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 118–123, 2000
Differential modulation by GTPγS of agonist and inverse agonist binding to h5‐HT<sub>1A</sub>receptors revealed by [<sup>3</sup>H]‐WAY100,635 (2001)

1. The interaction of serotonergic ligands at human (h) 5-HT(1A) receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells was examined with the selective 'neutral' 5-HT(1A) antagonist [(3)H]-WAY100,635. Its binding was saturable (K(D)=0.056 nM) with a B(max) (3.65 pmol mg(-1)) significantly higher than that of two other selective 5-HT(1A) radioligands: the partial agonist, [(3)H]-S15535 (2.77 pmol mg(-1)) and the agonist, [(3)H]-8-OH-DPAT (2.02 pmol mg(-1)). 2. The influence of GTPgammaS (100 microM) on the binding affinity of 15 serotonergic agonists, partial agonists, antagonists and inverse agonists was investigated in competition binding experiments with [(3)H]-WAY100,635. 3. Agonists, including 5-HT, 8-OH-DPAT and buspirone, displayed biphasic isotherms which shifted to the right in the presence of GTPgammaS. In contrast, isotherms of the inverse agonists, methiothepin, (+)butaclamol and spiperone, were shifted to the left in the presence of GTPgammaS. Unlabelled WAY100,635 was the only ligand that was unaffected by GTPgammaS, consistent with 'neutral' antagonist properties. 4. The magnitude of affinity changes induced by GTPgammaS for 13 ligands was highly correlated (r = 0.98) with their efficacy (positive and negative) previously determined by [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding. 5. In contrast, the napthylpiperazine derivative and high efficacy agonist, S14506, displayed only a modest GTPgammaS shift, in accordance with previous indications of 'atypical' binding properties of this ligand. A further full agonist, S14671, which is chemically closely-related to S14506, also displayed a minimal GTPgammaS shift, underpinning this observation. 6. In conclusion, [(3)H]-WAY100,635 constitutes a useful neutral antagonist radioligand for the characterization of drug actions at h5-HT(1A) receptors. GTPgammaS-induced affinity changes of agonist and inverse agonist competition isotherms generally correlate well with ligand efficacy, with the notable exception of two chemically-similar agents, S14506 and S14671, which are efficacious agonists, yet relatively insensitive to h5-HT(1A) receptor/G-protein coupling changes.
Third-generation naval IRST using the step-and-stare architecture (2008)

With large focal plane arrays now widely available, IR detectors have entered their third generation. Performances have increased dramatically with respect to second-generation, line array detectors, due to the longer integration times afforded. For surveillance systems such as InfraRed Search and Track (IRST), however, operational requirements generally impose a very large field of regard in relation to the instantaneous field of view. This characteristic which has traditionally been obtained through scanning motion for second generation line array detectors must now be rethought to obtain staring operation for 3rd generation FPA, lest motion blurring be incurred. This paper presents several approaches considered for naval surveillance systems at Sagem Defense Securite to tackle this challenge. Three techniques are presented and then compared: fully staring systems, step-and-stare systems, and finally a "modified" step-and-stare system.
Glycosylation Network Analysis Toolbox: a MATLAB-based environment for systems glycobiology (2012)

The software package including source code, help documentation and demonstrations are available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnatmatlab/files/.
Mode and mechanism of action of 3,4-dihydro-6-[4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)-1-piperazinyl]-2(1H)- quinolinone (OPC-8212), a novel positive inotropic drug, on the dog heart. (1984)

Mode and mechanism of action of 3,4-dihydro-6-[4-(3,4- dimethoxybenzoyl )-1-piperazinyl]-2(1H)- qu inolinone ( OPC -8212) were investigated exclusively on dogs both in vivo and in vitro. When assessed by intra-arterial administration in isolated, blood-perfused papillary muscle, sinoatrial node and atrioventricular (AV) node preparations, OPC -8212 produced a positive inotropic effect scarcely causing either positive or negative chronotropic and coronary vasodilator effects. AV nodal conduction was slightly facilitated with OPC -8212, whereas ventricular automaticity was rather suppressed. No arrhythmias were produced. Thus, OPC -8212 is highly specific for force. In heart-lung preparations OPC -8212 improved cardiac function depressed with pentobarbital, and caused bradycardia. In trabecular muscles of the right ventricle (hereafter simply called ventricular muscles) OPC -8212 produced a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect in the presence of the beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, atenolol. This indicates that the positive inotropic effect of OPC -8212 is not mediated through a beta-adrenoceptor mechanism. In ventricular muscles OPC -8212 increased plateau potentials of normal action potentials in the presence of atenolol. In K+-depolarized ventricular muscles OPC -8212 increased overshoot potentials and durations of slow response action potentials in the presence of atenolol. These suggest an increase in the slow inward current to underlie the positive inotropic effect of OPC -8212. In ventricular muscles OPC -8212 shortened total duration of contraction and time to peak tension in the presence of atenolol. In ventricular muscles OPC -8212 increased force of contraction and intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP in a parallel way in time course in the presence of atenolol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dissolution or growth of soluble spherical oscillating bubbles (1994)

A new theoretical formulation is presented for mass transport across the dynamic interface associated with a spherical bubble undergoing volume oscillations. As a consequence of the changing internal pressure of the bubble that accompanies volume oscillations, the concentration of the dissolved gas in the liquid at the interface undergoes large-amplitude oscillations. The convection-diffusion equations governing transport of dissolved gas in the liquid are written in Lagrangian coordinates to account for the moving domain. The Henry's law boundary condition is split into a constant and an oscillating part, yielding the smooth and the oscillatory problems respectively. The solution of the oscillatory problem is valid everywhere in the liquid but differs from zero only in a thin layer of the liquid in the neighbourhood of the bubble surface. The solution to the smooth problem is also valid everywhere in the liquid; it evolves via convection-enhanced diffusion on a slow timescale controlled by the Péclet number, assumed to be large. Both the oscillatory and smooth problems are treated by singular perturbation methods: the oscillatory problem by boundary-layer analysis, and the smooth problem by the method of multiple scales in time. Using this new formulation, expressions are developed for the concentration field outside a bubble undergoing arbitrary nonlinear periodic volume oscillations. In addition, the rate of growth or dissolution of the bubble is determined and compared with available experimental results. Finally, a new technique is described for computing periodically driven nonlinear bubble oscillations that depend on one or more physical parameters. This work extends a large body of previous work on rectified diffusion that has been restricted to the assumptions of infinitesimal bubble oscillations or of threshold conditions, or both. The new formulation represents the first self-consistent, analytical treatment of the depletion layer that accompanies nonlinear oscillating bubbles that grow via rectified diffusion.