gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two new techniques for unit-delay compiled simulation (1992)

The potential change (PC)-set method and the parallel technique for generating compiled unit-delay simulators for acrylic circuits are discussed. The PC-set method analyzes the network, determines the set of potential change times for each net, and generates gate simulations for each potential change. The parallel technique, which is based on the concept of bit-parallel simulation is faster and generates less code than the PC-set method, but it is not amenable to data-parallel simulation of multiple input vectors. Both techniques are based on the well-known levelization algorithm used to generate zero-delay levelized compiled code simulation. Two optimizations of the basic parallel technique are presented, called bit-field trimming and shift elimination. Performance results using the ISCAS 85 benchmarks show a factor-of-four improvement for the PC-set method and a factor-of-ten improvement for the parallel technique. The optimization schemes show an average performance improvement of 47% over the unoptimized simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Spectrum of Lymphoma with 8q24 Aberrations: A Clinical, Pathological and Cytogenetic Study of 87 Consecutive Cases (2003)

To define the histologic, cytogenetic (CG) and clinical spectrum of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) carrying an 8q24 (c-myc) translocation, 87 patients with an 8q24 aberration were identified from 785 consecutive successfully analyzed cases. Aberrations involving 8q24 were found at diagnosis (n = 66) or at relapse/progression (n = 21). Histologically, Burkitt-like lymphoma (BLL) (32%) and Burkitt's leukemia/lymphoma (BL) (19%) with 8q24 changes at diagnosis, was the most common. Nevertheless, 46% of cytogenetically characterized BL and BLL cases do not show 8q24 aberrations. On the other hand, 8q24 aberration was also often found in follicular lymphoma (FL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and low-grade NHL cases at progression. Cytogenetically, a de novo group is represented by classical t(8;14)(q24;q32) (n = 41), with isolated 8q24 changes, fewer secondary CG changes and represent mostly BL/BLL cases. In contrast, cases carrying variant 8q24 aberrations (n = 29) contain more CG events, carried primary 14q32 translocations, and included most FL, MCL and diffuse large B cell (DLBC) lymphoma cases. Clinically, the overall median follow-up was 8.6 months (range 0-192), with a median survival of 4.2 months from CG analysis. The presence of a 8q24 aberration give a statistically significant inferior prognosis than its absence in all histological groups, independent of clinical prognostic factors, when analyzed both at diagnosis and at relapse. We conclude that the finding of an 8q24 aberration is of marked negative prognostic significance, either at diagnosis or at disease progression, in a variety of NHL.
Delay-Based BPSK for Pulsed-UWB Communication (2007)

This paper proposes a practical and effective modulation technique applicable to pulsed-UWB systems that mimics the desirable, continuous spectrum of a BPSK signal without requiring an inversion in the signal path. This technique can be used for scrambling the spectrum of a PPM signal, or as a replacement for BPSK signaling. It has been implemented in an all-digital, delay line based UWB transmitter in 90 nm CMOS. An analysis of the spectral characteristics of the modulation technique is given, as well as simulation and measured results.
Identification of Phenolic Compounds in Processed Cranberries by HPLC Method (2013)

Cranberries contain significant amounts of flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds that provide health benefits including antioxidants functions, protection against cardiovascular diseases and anti-adhesive properties that help to prevent urinary tract infections and stomach ulcers. In this study, phenolic compounds in different cranberry products were extracted using methanol and acetone. The phenolic extracts were then analysed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the different cranberry products had different phenolic types (including tannic acid, (+) catechin, (-) epicatechin, procyanidin A2 and p-coumaric acid) in different amounts. Moreover, the results varied depending on the extraction methods. Generally, the methanol extracts had higher total phenolic in comparison to acetone extracts of all the different cranberry products studied. For methanol extraction,
frozen cranberry had the highest total phenolic content (616.65 ± 0.14 mg/g), followed by sauces (360.80 ± 0.09 mg/g), then 17% juices (237.84 ± 0.03 mg/ml) and lastly, dry cranberry (142.13 ± 0.05 mg/g). However, for acetone extraction, the total phenolic content were in the order: frozen (609.92 ± 0.12 mg/g) > 17% juices (269.27 ± 0.06 mg/ml) > sauce (94.03 ± 0.06 mg/g) > dry cranberry (0.57 ± 0.01 mg/g). The results of the present study showed that methanol serves as a better solvent than acetone for extracting phenolic compounds for both qualitative and quantitative HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds in cranberry products.
Adjuvant Therapy of Parkinsonian Tremor (1987)

The effect of long-acting propranolol hydrochloride (160 mg/d), primidone (250 mg at night), and clonazepam (4 mg/d) on the resting, postural, and kinetic component of tremor was investigated in ten parkinsonian patients in a double-blind crossover design. Tremor was assessed by patient opinion, clinical scoring, and accelerometer recordings. The amplitude and frequency of tremorgrams were determined by spectral analysis. Most patients preferred long-acting propranolol and chose to continue taking the drug. The mean clinical score for resting and postural tremor was significantly decreased by long-acting propranolol but not by primidone or clonazepam. Long-acting propranolol reduced the mean amplitude of resting tremor by 70% and the mean amplitude of postural tremor by 50%. Mean tremor amplitudes were not changed by primidone or clonazepam. Tremor frequency was unaltered by the drugs. No side effects occurred with long-acting propranolol but adverse reactions were common with primidone and clonazepam. Long-acting propranolol is a useful adjuvant therapy for the tremors associated with Parkinson's disease.
Does Exercise Without Weight Loss Improve Insulin Sensitivity? (2003)

It has long been established that a single exercise session can increase insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in previously sedentary adults (1). A single bout of moderate intensity exercise can increase glucose uptake by at least 40% (2). The benefits of exercise diminish rather quickly, however, as the effects generally dissipate within 48 to 72 h of the last exercise session (3). This observation is reinforced by investigations demonstrating that cessation of exercise in trained persons is associated with a marked and rapid decrease in insulin sensitivity (4). A detailed review of the putative mechanisms by which exercise enhances insulin action is the subject of several excellent reviews (5,6).

Although a single bout of exercise improves glucose metabolism acutely, the impact of exercise training (e.g., the summation of acute bouts of exercise) on glucose metabolism is unclear. The issue is not whether exercise training is associated with improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin action. Recognition that exercise training enhances the ability of skeletal muscle to glucose uptake was reported over 30 years ago when Bjorntorp et al. (7) observed that insulin action is greater in physically active than sedentary individuals. Rather, the issue is whether the impact of exercise training on glucose metabolism is a direct effect or an indirect effect that depends on concomitant reduction in body fat …
Six New Families of Aerobic Arsenate Reducing Bacteria:<i>Leclercia, Raoultella</i>,<i>Kosakonia</i>,<i>Lelliottia</i>,<i>Yokenella</i>, and<i>Kluyvera</i> (2019)

Elevated levels of arsenate can occur in the environment due to processes such as mining activities, and microbes must utilize various detoxification mechanisms to adapt to the associated pressure. The aim of this study was to identify as many aerobic arsenate-reducing bacteria (aARB) as possible in order to investigate their phylogenetic diversity and molecular mechanisms of arsenic resistance. We isolated 24 strains of aARB from a long-standing arsenic contaminated environment and detected the ars genotype in them. All 24 strains could reduce approximately 90% of arsenate, and 23 of them exhibited (6–59%) arsenic removal ability. The 16S rRNA gene analyses revealed aARB representing 16 genera were abundant. The included six genera, namely Leclercia, Raoultella, Kosakonia, Lelliottia, Yokenella, and Kluyvera, that were not previously known to reduce or exhibit resistance to arsenic. Twenty-one of 24 aARB were positive for ars amplification and 17 of them harbored a putative arsC gene, which is well-known for its involvement in arsenate reduction. However, the arsenic resistance associated with aARB strains is not always determined by the ars operon system. These results have provided additional insight into aARB and their potential for arsenic transformation and bioremediation.
Conjugated macrocycles. Part XXVII. The formation of tetrazaporphins from imidines. Tribenzotetrazaporphin (1955)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
The Research and Implementation of Parallel Web Crawler in Cluster (2010)

As the foundational component of web information acquisition, web crawler has been always the research hotspot in academia and industry, recently the parallel web crawler is the main research direction. In view of the shortage of the center-like dynamic assignment and distributed static assignment which are adopted by current parallel web crawler, this paper presents a parallel web crawler based on the cluster environment, which adopts the dynamic assignment structure, introduces the distributed controller pattern, eliminates the problem of single point failure in the central controller, and enhances system's concurrent capability. In addition, it uses the URL dynamic assignment technology, and realizes dynamic balance among components according to their real-time condition.
PTP1B: From the sidelines to the front lines! (2003)

Although initially viewed as housekeeping enzymes, research over the last 15 years has revealed that the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are critical regulators of tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent signaling events and may represent novel targets for therapeutic intervention in a variety of human diseases. In this review I will describe some of the key advances in the characterization of the structure, regulation and function of the prototypic PTP, PTP1B, and illustrate how our understanding of the properties of this enzyme has revealed principles that apply to the PTP family as a whole.
Red-Light-Emitting Organic Electroluminescent Devices with Bisanil Dye as Emitter (2001)

Double-layer organic thin film electroluminescent (EL) devices having red emission have been constructed using bisanil dyes. The basic structure of the EL device consisted of a hole-transport layer and a luminescent layer between the indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass and magnesium electrodes. The hole-transport layer was a N,N ′ -diphenyl-N,N ′ -bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1 ′ -biphenyl-4,4 ′ -diamine (TPD)-doped poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) film. The luminescent layer consisted of a host material, 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq 3 ), and bisanil dye as the dopant. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the PL and EL spectra of two bisanil dyes is as narrow as 50 nm. Among the two materials studied by us, the N,N ′ -bis[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-benzylidene]diaminomaleonitrile (BAM) showed a better EL performance. A bright pure red light with a peak at 620 nm and a maximum luminance of 6230 cd/m 2 was observed.
Multiscale matched-field processing for noise-source localization in exploration geophysics (2012)

ABSTRACT In the study, we investigate the use of ambient-noise data to locate microseismic sources at the exploration scale. We develop a multiscale matched-field processing (MFP) approach to localize seismic sources at frequencies below 10 Hz. An application to an actual data set acquired over a hydrocarbon field is presented to determine the reliability of the MFP procedure. The data used were continuously recorded over five days, at a total of 397 stations on a 1-km-per-side square seismic network. The MFP results show: (1) a dominant and stable surface source associated with human activities (road and exploration platforms) around the reservoir; and (2) weaker sources at depth below the seismic network that are related to the injection/extraction process.
Getting Down to Business with Bus Familiarization, Travel Instruction and Orientation and Mobility Services (2005)

This paper describes how many public transportation providers are seeking solutions to increase fixed route ridership as well as control the growth of paratransit services. Many customers with disabilities and older adults relying on families and friend for rides and using paratransit and other human service transportation services are interested in learning how to use fixed route service for all or part of their trip. In the quest to provide one, accessible transportation system for everyone, this paper will highlight three different strategies to support the goal of accessible public transportation. Bus familiarization, travel instruction and orientation and mobility services can be the road to independence for customers and show a positive financial effect for transportation providers.
Acid-catalyzed rearrangement of an epoxy ketone by competitive protonation at each oxygen (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-catalyzed rearrangement of an epoxy ketone by competitive protonation at each oxygenHarold Hart and Irene HuangCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 7, 1005–1006Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00921a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00921a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Shear-Wave Seismic and VSP with Virtual Sources (2006)

Shear-wave seismology holds great promise but always remains small niche activity due to a variety of operational and subsurface limitations. In this study we demonstrate that the Virtual Source method can overcome many of these limitations and revive shear-wave seismology. With an array of sources at the surface this method allows us to obtain a Virtual Shear Source at the location of each downhole geophone in a well. Firstly, in certain cases it allows us to generate pure shear-wave energy without P-wave contamination using conventional P-wave sources even in a marine environment. Secondly, we can construct SS images of the subsurface even through a complex near-surface for which the velocity model is unknown. Thirdly, we can control the polarization. All this is at a price of placing geophones in the subsurface and making downhole recordings. This price tag is expected to decrease with greater use of permanent downhole monitoring, cheap wells and instrumented oilfields.<br>We will show examples of SS images obtained through a complex near-surface and show shear-wave checkshots generated with the help of P-wave sources even in a marine environment. This<br>development may lead to a renaissance of shear-wave seismology especially for permanent seismic monitoring.
Sol-Gel Synthesis of Titania Thin-Film-Stabilized Porous Silica Coating (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSol-Gel Synthesis of Titania Thin-Film-Stabilized Porous Silica CoatingYongan Yan, S. Ray Chaudhuri, Din-Guo Chen, and Arnab SarkarCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 11, 2007–2009Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00059a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views522Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analgesia and COX-2 inhibition. (2002)

While non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the mainstay of therapy for the management of acute pain and rheumatoid arthritis, toxicity associated with chronic administration limits their benefit-to-risk relationship in many patients. A series of studies is reviewed that assesses the relationship between cytokines released at the site of tissue injury and NSAID analgesia, and the in vivo selectivity of a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) in comparison to a dual COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor (ketorolac). Three replicate studies in the oral surgery model of acute pain used submucosal microdialysis sample collection for the measurement of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; a product of both COX-1 and COX-2) and thromboxane B2 (as a biomarker for COX-1 activity) with parallel assessments of pain. The time course of PGE2 production was consistent with early release due to COX-1 activity followed by increased production 2-3 hours after surgery, consistent with COX-2 expression. Ketorolac 30 mg at pain onset suppressed both pain and peripheral PGE2 levels. Ketorolac 1 mg either at the site of injury or intramuscularly also produced analgesia but without any effect on peripheral PGE2 levels. Celecoxib selectively suppressed PGE2 but not TxB2 at time points consistent with COX-2 activity, while producing analgesia. These studies demonstrate the ability to assess the time course and selective effects of COX-2 inhibitors in vivo and suggest that suppression of COX-2 mediated PGE2 is temporally related to NSAID analgesia.
Electrotransformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae: evidence for restriction of DNA on entry (1997)

Electrotransformation is a method generally used in biotechnology to introduce recombinant DNA into a wide range of bacteria. However, the mechanism of DNA entry is poorly understood. We report that in Streptococcus pneumoniae, a naturally transformable species, electrotransformation efficiently introduces a plasmid replicon. DNA is strongly restricted by the restriction-modification systems DpnI and DpnII which degrade methylated and non-methylated DNA, respectively, at GATC sequences. This suggests that in electrotransformation double-stranded DNA penetrates into these bacteria without a single-stranded DNA step in contrast to natural transformation. Single-stranded DNA by itself is able to electrotransform very weakly and linearized double-stranded plasmid DNA yields barely detectable levels of transformants.
Model-Independent Analysis of QCM Data on Colloidal Particle Adsorption (2009)

Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is widely used for studying soft interfaces in liquid environment. Many of these interfaces are heterogeneous in nature, in the sense that they are composed of discrete, isolated entities adsorbed at a surface. When characterizing such interfaces, one is interested in determining parameters such as surface coverage and size of the surface-adsorbed entities. The current strategy is to obtain this information by fitting QCM data--shifts in resonance frequency, DeltaF, and bandwidth, DeltaGamma--with the model derived for smooth, homogeneous films using the film acoustic thickness and shear elastic moduli as fitting parameters. Investigating adsorption of liposomes and icosahedral virus particles on inorganic surfaces of titania and gold, we demonstrate that the predictions of this model are at variance with the experimental observations. In particular, while the model predicts that the ratio between the bandwidth and frequency shifts, DeltaGamma/DeltaF (the Df ratio), should increase with both surface coverage and particle size, we observe that this ratio increases with increasing particle size but decreases with increasing surface coverage, demonstrating that QCM response in heterogeneous films, such as those composed of adsorbed colloidal particles, does not conform with the predictions of the homogeneous film model. Employing finite element method (FEM) calculations, we show that hydrodynamic effects are the cause of this discrepancy. Finally, we find that the size of the adsorbed colloidal particles can be recovered from a model-independent analysis of the plot of the DeltaGamma/DeltaF ratio versus the frequency shift on many overtones.
Miniature Surface Acoustic Wave Duplexer Using SiO<sub>2</sub>/Al/LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Structure for Wide-Band Code-Division Multiple-Access System (2008)

In this paper, we describe the development of a miniature surface acoustic wave (SAW) duplexer for Band I in the standard of the Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) at a 2 GHz band. We employed a shear-horizontal SAW on a SiO2 overlay/thick Al electrode/5°YX-LiNbO3 structure, which offers a high electromechanical coupling coefficient (K2) as well as a small temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF). This feature is crucial for the realization of a wide duplex gap between the transmitting and receiving bands in the Band I specification. We investigated experimentally that the spurious response caused by the Rayleigh-mode could effectively be suppressed by controlling the cross-sectional shape of a SiO2 overlay on interdigital transducer (IDT) electrodes. In addition, the result also showed how this spurious response depends on IDT design parameters, i.e., electrode pitch and metallization ratio. The developed SAW duplexer was installed in a 2.5×2.0 mm2 package, and exhibited a low insertion loss, a high out-of-band rejection and a small TCF.
Use of cavities in squeezed-state generation (1984)

Cavity degenerate-parametric-amplifier and cavity four-wave-mixing configurations capable of producing a large amount of squeezing near the threshold of oscillation are discussed. Cavities allow one to reduce the pump power delivered to the gain medium, or to select a gain medium which has less gain per unit length, but may be better suited for squeezed-state production in other respects.