gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic expression of cell surface hydrophobicity during initial yeast cell growth and before germ tube formation of Candida albicans (1988)

Expression of cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) during initial growth of Candida albicans was monitored. CSH of hydrophobic and hydrophilic yeast cells changed within 30 min upon subculture into fresh medium. Morphologic evidence of germination was preceded by expression of CSH. These results indicate that CSH expression is important in C. albicans growth.
Chemistry of thienopyridines. XIII. Selective formation of sulfones in Bi‐ and tricyclic Systems. Thieno[2,3‐<i>b</i>]pyridine 1,1‐dioxide as a dienophile (1972)

Abstract Bicyclic and tricyclic thienopyridines are converted into sulfones in 13‐73% yield by means of acid‐hypochlorite. The sulfone thieno[2,3‐ b ]pyridine 1,1‐oxide (Ib) undergoes Diels‐Alder condensation with furan (both exo and endo products formed), anthracene, and naphthacene. Self‐condensation of Ib occurs with elimination of sulfur dioxide to give 8‐(3‐pyridyl)quinoline (XV). The structure of XV was established by means of pmr and a europium shift reagent. Ultraviolet, pmr, and mass spectral data for various compounds are presented and discussed.
Scheduling strategies for LTE uplink with flow behaviour analysis (2010)

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a cellular technology developed to support diversity of data traffic at potentially high rates. It is foreseen to extend the capacity and improve the performance of current 3G cellular networks. A key mechanism in the LTE traffic handling is the packet scheduler, which is in charge of allocating resources to active flows in both the frequency and time dimension. In this paper we present a performance comparison of two distinct scheduling schemes for LTE uplink (fair fixed assignment and fair work-conserving) taking into account both packet level characteristics and flow level dynamics due to the random user behaviour. For that purpose, we apply a combined analytical/simulation approach which enables fast evaluation of performance measures such as mean flow transfer times manifesting the impact of resource allocation strategies. The results show that the resource allocation strategy has a crucial impact on performance and that some trends are observed only if flow level dynamics are considered.
An overview of automatic event detection in soccer matches (2011)

Sports video analysis has received special attention from researchers due to its high popularity and general interest on semantic analysis. Hence, soccer videos represent an interesting field for research allowing many types of applications: indexing, summarization, players' behavior recognition and so forth. Many approaches have been applied for field extraction and recognition, arc and goalmouth detection, ball and players tracking, and high level techniques such as team tactics detection and soccer models definition. In this paper, we provide an hierarchy and we classify approaches into this hierarchy based on their analysis level, i.e., low, middle, and high levels. An overview of soccer event identification is presented and we discuss general issues related to it in order to provide relevant information about what has been done on soccer video processing.
Dataspace: A Reconfigurable Hybrid Reality Environment for Collaborative Information Analysis (2019)

Immersive environments have gradually become standard for visualizing and analyzing large or complex datasets that would otherwise be cumbersome, if not impossible, to explore through smaller scale computing devices. However, this type of workspace often proves to possess limitations in terms of interaction, flexibility, cost and scalability. In this paper we introduce a novel immersive environment called Dataspace, which features a new combination of heterogeneous technologies and methods of interaction towards creating a better team workspace. Dataspace provides 15 high-resolution displays that can be dynamically reconfigured in space through robotic arms, a central table where information can be projected, and a unique integration with augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) headsets and other mobile devices. In particular, we contribute novel interaction methodologies to couple the physical environment with AR and VR technologies, enabling visualization of complex types of data and mitigating the scalability issues of existing immersive environments. We demonstrate through four use cases how this environment can be effectively used across different domains and reconfigured based on user requirements. Finally, we compare Dataspace with existing technologies, summarizing the trade-offs that should be considered when attempting to build better collaborative workspaces for the future.
Intracellular Proton Conductance of the Hepatitis C Virus p7 Protein and Its Contribution to Infectious Virus Production (2010)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) p7 protein is critical for virus production and an attractive antiviral target. p7 is an ion channel when reconstituted in artificial lipid bilayers, but channel function has not been demonstrated in vivo and it is unknown whether p7 channel activity plays a critical role in virus production. To evaluate the contribution of p7 to organelle pH regulation and virus production, we incorporated a fluorescent pH sensor within native, intracellular vesicles in the presence or absence of p7 expression. p7 increased proton (H(+)) conductance in vesicles and was able to rapidly equilibrate H(+) gradients. This conductance was blocked by the viroporin inhibitors amantadine, rimantadine and hexamethylene amiloride. Fluorescence microscopy using pH indicators in live cells showed that both HCV infection and expression of p7 from replicon RNAs reduced the number of highly acidic (pH<5) vesicles and increased lysosomal pH from 4.5 to 6.0. These effects were not present in uninfected cells, sub-genomic replicon cells not expressing p7, or cells electroporated with viral RNA containing a channel-inactive p7 point mutation. The acidification inhibitor, bafilomycin A1, partially restored virus production to cells electroporated with viral RNA containing the channel inactive mutation, yet did not in cells containing p7-deleted RNA. Expression of influenza M2 protein also complemented the p7 mutant, confirming a requirement for H(+) channel activity in virus production. Accordingly, exposure to acid pH rendered intracellular HCV particles non-infectious, whereas the infectivity of extracellular virions was acid stable and unaffected by incubation at low pH, further demonstrating a key requirement for p7-induced loss of acidification. We conclude that p7 functions as a H(+) permeation pathway, acting to prevent acidification in otherwise acidic intracellular compartments. This loss of acidification is required for productive HCV infection, possibly through protecting nascent virus particles during an as yet uncharacterized maturation process.
Preparation of high specific activity all <i>trans</i>‐α‐retinyl‐11‐<sup>3</sup>H acetate (1977)

Abstract Lithium borotritide reduction of α‐ionylidene‐acetaldehyde (5) followed by manganese dioxide oxidation provided the tritiated aldehyde (9) which retainad over 95% of the label. On treatment with the ylide derived from ethyl 4‐chloro‐3‐methylcrotonate, ethyl α‐retinoate‐11‐ 3 H (14) was obtained which, after purification, was hydrolyzed to α‐retinoic‐11‐ 3 H acid (15). Conversion to the methyl ester (16) followed by lithium aluminum hydride reduction yielded all trans ‐ α‐retinol (17) which was isolated as the acetate derivative (18).
Directed Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells Into Cardiomyocytes by Bacterial Injection of Defined Transcription Factors (2015)

Forced expression of defined transcriptional factors has been well documented as an effective method for cellular reprogramming or directed differentiation. However, transgene expression is not amenable for therapeutic application due to potential insertional mutagenesis. Here, we have developed a bacterial type III secretion system (T3SS)-based protein delivery tool and shown its application in directing pluripotent stem cell differentiation by a controlled delivery of transcription factors relevant to early heart development. By fusing to an N-terminal secretion sequence for T3SS-dependent injection, three transcriptional factors, namely Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5 (abbreviated as GMT), were translocated into murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs), where the proteins are effectively targeted to the nucleus with an average intracellular half-life of 5.5 hours. Exogenous GMT protein injection activated the cardiac program, and multiple rounds of GMT protein delivery significantly improved the efficiency of ESC differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Combination of T3SS-mediated GMT delivery and Activin A treatment showed an additive effect, resulting in on average 60% of the ESCs differentiated into cardiomyocytes. ESC derived cardiomyocytes displayed spontaneous rhythmic contractile movement as well as normal hormonal responses. This work serves as a foundation for the bacterial delivery of multiple transcription factors to direct cell fate without jeopardizing genomic integrity.
Data mining of motor patterns recorded with wearable technology (2003)

Discusses utilizing self-organizing maps to manage large data sets gathered in the field. Dramatic advances in wearable technology suggest that wearable sensors and systems are close to deployment in the clinical field environment. Miniature, wireless sensors are becoming readily available due to the tremendous research efforts focused on this area as well as the great interest demonstrated by the private sector for the associated potential market of these devices. Wearable systems, including base stations and hand-held units, are becoming less cumbersome, with an ever-increasing capacity to receive and store vast amounts of data for extensive periods of time. Further, the growing availability of wireless LANs makes it possible to envision wearable systems from which data can be continuously uploaded, while hand-held units provide a means to communicate with the patient when needed.
Monofilar Archimedean Spiral Slot Antennas (1994)

ABSTRACT A monofilar Archimedean spiral is adopted as a circularly polarized slot radiator which is electromagnetically coupled to a feed line. Numerical analysis of the coupling between the slot and the feed line reveals that, when the slot arm length is properly chosen, a traveling-wave magnetic current is distributed along the slot, leading to the radiation of a circularly polarized wave. On the basis of this radiation mechanism, a spiral slot printed antenna fed by a triplate transmission line is experimentally designed to obtain a unidirectional radiation beam. It is found that an axial ratio of 0.6 dB is achieved, and that the spiral slot is matched to the transmission line with a VSWR of less than 1.5. An array antenna composed of 32 printed spiral slots is constructed, attaining a 5 % bandwidth for a 3-dB axial ratio criterion. The formation of several tilted beams is also demonstrated.
Fibrinopeptide B and Aggregation of Fibrinogen (1979)

Removal of fibrinopeptide B from human fibrinogen by reaction with the procoagulant enzyme from copperhead snake venom below 25 degrees C resulted in tight aggregation of the fibrinogen, which, in turn, progressively blocked a concomitant but sluggish release of fibrinopeptide A by the enzyme. When the clots obtained at less than 25 degrees C were warmed, they dissociated into soluble aggregates and monomers. Release of fibrinopeptide A then resumed, and a secondary coagulation followed. The aggregation induced by release of fibrinopeptide B itself involves a plasmin-susceptible segment located just distal to B in the B beta chain of fibrinogen, a segment previously shown to be of little importance in the aggregation induced by release of fibrinopeptide A.
Rock properties determined from drilling response (1974)

Formation drilling strength can be calculated accurately if detailed surface drilling data are monitored and given correct mathematical treatment. The calculated drilling strength yields formation porosity, abnormal pore pressure profiles, and other rock properties. Advanced computer techniques proven in the field make it practical to analyze onsite drilling data to provide a calibrated formation respose (drilling strength) permitting an accurate determination of porosity and pore pressure. As drilling proceeds, an on-line, onsite computer gathers, stores, and processes mechanical drilling data on a foot-by-foot basis. These data, together with other pertinent parameters, are used to calculate physical properties of the rock being drilled and to provide a basis for immediate analysis. Calculated results are pore pressure and porosity, which are useful in maximizing drilling efficiency and maintaining effective formation control.
Preparation of 3-Phenylsalicylamide Derivatives (1956)

A new analgesic, N, N-dimethyl-3-phenylsalicylamide was prepared in a good yield by the reaction of phenyl 3-phenylsalicylate and dimethylamine. This reaction can be utilized as a good process for amidation in general and 20 kinds of 3-phenylsalicylamide derivatives listed in Table I and II were prepared by this reaction.
High throughput hardware architecture for (1440,1344) low-density parity-check code utilizing quasi-cyclic structure (2008)

High throughput architecture of an encoder and a decoder for a quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (LDPC) code is proposed. A new systematic encoding method is carried out by polynomial manipulation. The proposed decoder architecture, where the check-node process is split into two processes so that the memory access becomes column-wise, enables overlapped message-passing for any parity-check matrix. The hardware architecture for the check-node processes utilizing a quasi-cyclic structure does not require complex multiplexers. Hardware employing the proposed architecture for a (1440,1344) LDPC code designed for high throughput millimeter wave application is evaluated using 65 nm CMOS technology. The gate count of the encoder for 3 Gbps and 6 Gbps throughput is 2.5 k and 3.1 k, respectively, and the gate count of the decoder for 8 iterations is 304 k and 409 k, respectively. A bit-error rate of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−6</sup> is obtained at E <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</inf> /N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> of 5.9 dB, and the estimated power consumption of the decoder is 58 mW for 3 Gbps and 86 mW for 6 Gbps.
Parameters affecting diacylglycerol formation during the production of specific‐structured lipids by lipase‐catalyzed interesterification (1999)

Abstract Diacylglycerols (DAG) are important intermediates in lipase‐catalyzed interesterification, but a high DAG concentration in the reaction mixture results in a high DAG content in the final product. We have previously shown that a high DAG concentration in the reaction mixture increases the degree of acyl migration, thus adding to the formation of by‐products. In the present study we examined the influence of water content, reaction temperature, enzyme load, substrate molar ratio (oil/capric acid), and reaction time on the formation of DAG in batch reactors. We used response surface methodology (RSM) to minimize the numbers of experiments. The DAG content of the product was dependent on all parameters examined except reaction time. DAG formation increased with increasing water content, enzyme load, reaction temperature, and substrate ratio. The content of sn ‐1,3‐DAG was higher than that of sn ‐1,2‐DAG under all conditions tested, and the ratio between the contents of the former compounds and the latter increased with increasing temperature and reaction time. The water content, enzyme load, and substrate ratio had no significant effect on this ratio. The DAG content was positively correlated with both the incorporation of acyl donors and the degree of acyl migration.
T helper type-1 (Th1)/Th2 profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); responses to antigens of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> in subjects with severe trachomatous scarring (1996)

Increased stimulation of Th2 cytokines may contribute to the development of persistent ocular chlamydial infection, resulting in the blinding pathological changes of trachoma. Proliferation and cytokine production profiles of PBMC in response to stimulation with antigens of Chlamydia trachomatis were compared in 30 patients with severe conjunctival scarring due to trachoma and in 30 age-, sex- and location-matched controls. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-4 were detected at the single-cell level by ELISPOT assay. Transcription of the genes encoding IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-10 was detected in mRNA isolated from parallel cultures of PBMC using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Incubation with the chlamydial heat shock protein (hsp)60 resulted in increased numbers of IL-4-producing cells in PBMC isolated from patients with scarring disease and increased secretion of IFN-gamma from PBMC of control subjects. Incubation with the chlamydial major outer membrane protein (MOMP) increased the number of IFN-gamma-producing cells in the control group only. Messenger RNA encoding IL-4 was only detected in PBMC of patients with scarring disease after in vitro stimulation with chlamydial antigens, but IFN-gamma mRNA and IL-10 mRNA were also more frequently detected in this group. Thirty-eight subjects were HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 typed. Associations were observed between certain HLA class II alleles and cellular immune responses to chlamydial antigens. No HLA associations were found with clinical status, and overall we found no evidence of strong associations and the type of immune response. These data are consistent with a role for Th2 cells and cytokines in the pathogenesis of trachomatous scarring.
The gut microbiota and graft-versus-host disease (2019)

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a common complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation that negatively impacts quality of life in recipients and can be fatal. Animal experiments and human studies provide compelling evidence that the gut microbiota is associated with risk of GvHD, but the nature of this relationship remains unclear. If the gut microbiota is a driver of GvHD pathogenesis, then manipulation of the gut microbiota offers one promising avenue for preventing or treating this common condition, and antibiotic stewardship efforts in transplantation may help preserve the indigenous microbiota and modulate immune responses to benefit the host.
Activated Clotting Time Versus Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time for Therapeutic Monitoring of Heparin (1995)

The ACT is theoretically equally as useful as the aPTT for the routine monitoring of heparin therapy, but has not been well-studied. The ACT appears more useful in situations in which high serum concentrations of heparin are required. Further cost-effectiveness and clinical outcome studies directly comparing the ACT and the aPTT is specific clinical situations are needed.
Discontinuation of Biologic Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Analysis from the Corrona RA Registry (2017)

Corrona LLC and MedImmune.
End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (1987)

The end-tidal carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has been found to correlate with cardiac output during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in animal models. We monitored end-tidal CO2 values continuously during cardiac resuscitation in 23 humans while ventilation was held constant with a computer-controlled CPR Thumper. This report focuses on ten of the 23 patients who experienced return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during monitoring. There was no significant difference in the end-tidal CO2 value of patients without ROSC (1.8% +/- 0.9%) and the end-tidal CO2 value of patients before ROSC in patients who had ROSC (1.7% +/- 0.6%). The end-tidal CO2 concentration increased immediately in all patients who had ROSC, from 1.7% +/- 0.6% to 4.6% +/- 1.4%, then gradually returned to a new baseline (3.1% +/- 0.9%). Change in the end-tidal CO2 value was often the first clinical indicator that ROSC had occurred. Our findings suggest that end-tidal CO2 monitoring may provide clinically useful information that can be used to guide therapy during CPR.
Successful Implementation of First Closed Loop, Multiservice Control System for Automated Pressure Management in a Shallow Gas Well Offshore Myanmar (2008)

Abstract In plans to explore the shallow gas potential of the Nagar prospect offshore the southern coast of Myanmar, PETRONAS had to contend with a number of potentially high risk issues. The shallow nature of the hazardous prospect made kick detection speed and pressure control accuracy essential to avoid losing returns. Concerns about a weak casing shoe, a narrow drilling margin, the inability to control bottom hole pressure (BHP) while circulating out gas, and the short response time needed, demanded a solution before the shallow gas-bearing sands could be drilled safely from the available moored drill ship with its conventional subsea equipment. From flow modeling it was estimated that within 3 minutes the system and procedures would have to detect and shut-in a gas influx, then commence circulating it out, all while controlling the BHP of a flowing, multiphase fluid within extremely narrow safe limits. It was concluded that the Nagar well could only be safely drilled with a pressure management system that could maintain BHP within +/− 15 psi while drilling and +/− 45 psi during connections and well control. In an industry search, PETRONAS learned that no system existed with the functionality needed, but by electing to combine new and existing technologies from three separate providers they were the first to develop one that did. This industry-first solution involved integrating elements of the technology developed for automated pressure control, pressure while drilling (PWD), and high speed, drill string telemetry. Modifications had to be made to a number of elements, including the pressure control and PWD systems, to obtain the necessary functionality. Given the safety critical nature of the drilling hazards, the modifications and system integration were first tested during simulated kicks with downhole nitrogen injection, before drilling out the casing shoe. During testing on the rig and subsequent drilling operations, the integrated system proved its ability to maintain a near constant BHP, with the accuracy and speed needed to safely and successfully drill the Nagar prospect.