gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective estimation and computer control of minimum tumours temperature during conductive interstitial hyperthermia (1991)

The goal of heat therapy in the treatment of malignant disease is to raise the temperature of all neoplastic tissue to a cytotoxic temperature for a predetermined period of time. This seemingly simple task has proved difficult in vivo in part because of non-uniform power absorption and in part because of non-homogeneous and time-varying tumour blood flow. We have addressed this difficulty first by utilizing the conceptually simple technique of conductive interstitial hyperthermia, in which the tumour is warmed by multiple, electrically heated catheters, and second by implementing on-line control of minimum tumour temperatures near each catheter, estimated on the basis of the steady-state ratio of catheter power to catheter temperature rise. This report presents an analysis of the accuracy, precision, and stability of the on-line minimum temperature estimation/control technique for 22 patients who received 31 separate courses of conductive interstitial hyperthermia for the treatment of malignant brain tumours, and in whom temperature was monitored independently by 12-16 independent sensors per patient. In all patients the technique was found to accurately and precisely estimate and control the local minimum temperatures. Comparison of measured and estimated temperatures revealed a mean difference of 0.0 +/- 0.4 degrees C for those sensors within 1.0 mm of the expected location for minimum temperatures. This technique therefore offers an attractive method for controlling hyperthermia therapy-even in the presence of time varying local blood flow.
Dry-etching resistance of fluoropolymers for 157-nm single-layer resists (2003)

Novel fluoropolymers having partially fluorinated monocyclic (5-membered and 6-membered ring) structure have been synthesized with radical cyclo-polymerization, which have C-F bond in the polymer main chain and also possess fluorocontaining acidic alcohol group. These polymers have excellent transparency lower than 1.0 μm<sup>-1</sup> at 157nm wavelength, a small amount of outgassing, high sensitivity and good adhesion to the wafer. However, this fluoropolymer have lower etching resistance (half of conventional KrF resists) and it must be improved for applying to the single-layer resist. In this paper, we show the new model of the estimation of the dry-etching resistance for designing polymer compositions. It is well known that the model using carbon-atom-density as a parameter is useful for estimating dry-etching resistance. However, these models did not agree with the results of our fluoropolymers. Our new model was focused on the surface area and the volume of the polymer. We succeeded to explain the relationship between the dry-etching resistance and the composition of the fluoropolymer. According to this model, the compositions of fluoropolymer such as protective groups, protective ration and co-polymer units were optimized to improve their etching resistance.
The Human SLC7A5 (LAT1): The Intriguing Histidine/Large Neutral Amino Acid Transporter and Its Relevance to Human Health (2018)

SLC7A5, known as LAT1, belongs to the APC superfamily and forms a heterodimeric amino acid transporter interacting with the glycoprotein CD98 (SLC3A2) through a conserved disulfide. The complex is responsible for uptake of essential amino acids in crucial body districts such as placenta and blood brain barrier. LAT1/CD98 heterodimer has been studied over the years to unravel the transport mechanism and the role of each subunit. Studies conducted in intact cells demonstrated that LAT1/CD98 mediates a Na<sup>+</sup> and pH independent antiport of amino acids. Some novel insights into the function of LAT1 derived from studies conducted in proteoliposomes reconstituted with the recombinant human LAT1. Using this experimental tool, it has been demonstrated that the preferred substrate is histidine and that CD98 is not required for transport being, plausibly, involved in routing LAT1 to the plasma membrane. Since a 3D structure of LAT1 is not available, homology models have been built on the basis of the AdiC transporter from <i>E.coli</i>. Crucial residues for substrate recognition and gating have been identified using a combined approach of bioinformatics and site-directed mutagenesis coupled to functional assays. Over the years, the interest around LAT1 increased because this transporter is involved in important human diseases such as neurological disorders and cancer. Therefore, LAT1 became an important pharmacological target together with other nutrient membrane transporters. Moving from knowledge on structure/function relationships, two cysteine residues, lying on the substrate binding site, have been exploited for designing thiol reacting covalent inhibitors. Some lead compounds have been characterized whose efficacy has been tested in a cancer cell line.
Role of the microenvironment on hematopoiesis. I. Stem cell differentiation into granulocytic and megakaryocytic cell lineage. (1989)

Lineage commitment and differentiation of stem cells derived from bone marrow was investigated by using specific histochemistry for identification of spleen colonies. The number of colonies formed by injection of 1 x 10(5) bone marrow cells into irradiated murine syngeneic recipients was similar to the previously reported results with 1 x 10(6) spleen cells. The results of this study with bone marrow-derived cells have been compared with those from studies done with spleen-derived cells. A significant increase (p less than 0.01) was observed in the number of granulocytic colonies formed by bone marrow cells versus spleen-derived cells. This suggests that bone marrow-derived cells promote granulopoiesis in the recipient spleen. A 50% increase of megakaryocyte colonies was observed within the splenic pulp in the midzone region when compared with that on the surface (p less than 0.01). This indicates that the splenic microenvironment in this area was conducive for megakaryocytopoiesis. These results provide further evidence of the influence of the microenvironment on hematopoiesis.
Synthesis of (S)-3-Aminoethyl- 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline (TIQ-Diamine) via the Mitsunobu Protocol † (2010)

The synthesis of (S)-3-Aminoethyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (TIQ-diamine) was successfully achieved via the Mitsunobu protocol. The method from earlier reports utilizing aminolysis of commercially available TIQ-amino methyl ester, and reduction of the amide, proved to be inadequate for preparation of TIQ-diamines. The modified route requires three additional steps and consequently rendered three novel intermediates, which were furnished under mild conditions.
Glutathione-associated cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) metabolism and ATP-dependent efflux from leukemia cells. Molecular characterization of glutathione-platinum complex and its biological significance. (1993)

Accumulating evidence suggests a critical role of intracellular glutathione in tumor cell resistance to alkylating agents. The present study provides evidence for the direct interaction between cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin) and glutathione (GSH) both in a cell-free system, as well as in L1210 murine leukemia cells. We have isolated the reaction product and identified it by a combination of high performance liquid chromatography and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Stoichiometric analysis showed a 2:1 molar ratio of GSH/cisplatin for the reaction. The molecular mass assessed by mass spectroscopy was 809 Da, corresponding to a GS-platinum chelate complex, bis-(glutathionato)-platinum. The GS-platinum complex was detected in L1210 leukemia cells incubated with 20 microM cisplatin. The intracellular content of the GS-platinum complex reached a maximal level after 12 h, corresponding to about 60% of the intracellular platinum content. Thus, formation of the GS-platinum complex is considered a significant part of the cellular metabolism of cisplatin. The GS-platinum was found to inhibit cell-free protein synthesis in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system using both chloramphenicol acetyltransferase mRNA and poly(A) mRNA from HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells (IC50 = 190 microM the GS-platinum complex). Elimination of the GS-platinum complex from tumor cells may represent an important mechanism which reduces the intracellular accumulation of the platinum complex. Using plasma membrane vesicles prepared from L1210 cells, the transport of the GS-platinum complex across the plasma membrane was found to be an ATP-dependent process (apparent Km values: 49 microM, ATP; 110 microM, GS-platinum complex). The ATP-dependent transport of the GS-platinum complex was inhibited by vanadate (IC50 = 35 microM) as well as by S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-glutathione, leukotriene C4, and GSSG, but not by doxorubicin, daunorubicin, or verapamil. The ATP-dependent glutathione S-conjugate export pump, "GS-X pump" (Ishikawa, T. (1992) Trends Biochem. Sci. 17, 463-468), is suggested to play a role in the elimination of the GS-platinum complex from tumor cells.
Effects of saffron extract and its constituent crocin on learning behaviour and long‐term potentiation (2000)

Crocus sativus L., commonly known as saffron, is used in folk medicine for various purposes. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that saffron extracts have antitumour effects, radical scavenger properties or hypolipaemic effects. Among the constituents of saffron extract, crocetin is mainly responsible for these pharmacological activities. In addition, recent behavioural and electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that saffron extract affects learning and memory in experimental animals. Saffron extract improved ethanol-induced impairments of learning behaviours in mice, and prevented ethanol-induced inhibition of hippocampal long-term potentiation, a form of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity that may underly learning and memory. This effect of saffron extract is attributed to crocin (crocetin di-gentiobiose ester), but not crocetin. Saffron extract or its active constituents, crocetin and crocin, could be useful as a treatment for neurodegenerative disorders accompanying memory impairment. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feasibility and effectiveness of inhaled carboplatin in the treatment of NSCLC patients. (2010)

e17511 Background: Inhaled chemotherapy is still under investigation as an alternative therapeutic modality for NSCLC treatment regarding to respiratory function side effects. Methods: In this study 42 NSCLC patients divided in 3 groups were included. In 10/42 patients (group A - control group): IV chemotherapy was administrated (carboplatine AUC ≈ 6 D1); in 24/42 (group B - partial inhaled carboplatine): 2/3 of carboplatine IV predicted dose was IV administered and the rest 1/3 was administered as aerosol (jet rebulized D1); in 8/42 (group C - totally inhaled chemotherapy): all the predicted IV dose was administered as aerosol in 3 equally divided fractions D1-3. In all patients IV docitaxel 100/m2 was as well administered (D1). Inhaled carboplatine was administered via jet mebuliser (Medic - Aid Up mist) operated at 8-10 L O2min-1 in order to obtain droplets of less than 3 μ m diameter. Lung functional Tests (Lfts) were performed in all groups before and after chemotherapy in third and sixth cycle. Results: Group B had a statistically significant increase in survival compared to control group 266 days (95% CI 250-281) vs. 187 (95% CI 148-225). Moreover a 63 days survival benefit was observed in group C patients compared to control group but this was not statistically significant. Regarding to LFTs a statistically significant decline was observed only in FEV1 in group C patients in 6 months compared to the initial measurement. Finally lung HRCT was not changed in any patient group except in group C where a temporary acute inflammatory transient pattern was observed. Conclusions: From this ongoing study it is likely that patients in partial inhaled chemotherapy have a statistically significant survival benefit without any side effect in respiratory function. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Experimental and numerical study of the electrical anisotropy in unidirectional carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composites (2006)

In this paper, unidirectional CFRP composites are considered as an electrical percolation system, which consists of electrically conductive carbon fibers and electrically nonconductive epoxy resin.Due to the contact behavior of the carbon fibers, CFRP has electrical conductivity in the width direction.Resistance measurements using the DC four-probe and the DC six-probe methods are conducted for the unidirectional CFRP specimens with different fiber volume fractions, i.e. different contact conditions.On the basis of the electrical anisotropy level obtained, the correlation between the measured anisotropy and the electrical ineffective length ec , over which a broken fiber recovers its current carrying capacity and a key parameter in electromechanical modeling of CFRP, is shown experimentally.The empirical relationship between the electrical anisotropy and ec obtained is also reviewed using a numerical calculation method based on the electric circuit theory of Kirchhoff's rule and the Monte Carlo simulation technique.
Marionette: using RPC for interactive development and debugging of wireless embedded networks (2006)

A main challenge with developing applications for wireless embedded systems is the lack of visibility and control during execution of an application. In this paper, we present a tool suite called Marionette that provides the ability to call functions and to read or write variables on pre-compiled, embedded programs at run-time, without requiring the programmer to add any special code to the application. This rich interface facilitates interactive development and debugging at minimal cost to the node.
181. Experiments on the synthesis of rotenone and its derivatives. Part II. The synthesis of rissic acid and of derric acid, and the constitution of rotenone, deguelin, and tephrosin (1932)

A. Robertson, J. Chem. Soc., 1932, 1380 DOI: 10.1039/JR9320001380
Silicon nanostructures by metal induced growth (MIG) for solar cell emitters (2003)

This recent work shows the capacity of the MIG process to grow novel Si nanostructures and wires in both vertical and lateral directions. In the standard MIG process, a nanocrystalline Si thin film with 100 nm scale continuous and columnar structures was formed. By changing the process parameters, we can produce two-dimensional arrays of single crystalline nanowires with 1 /spl mu/m length on top of the Si thin film. Also, we can manipulate the lateral growth of nanocrystalline Si by varying the thickness of the Ni pre-layer. MIG-Si forms a novel device with standard MIG-Si as a thin film solar cell and the nanowires as surface textures to generate photo-current and give antireflection.
The Evidence for the Involvement of the 5-HT1A Receptor in 5-HT Syndrome Induced in Mice by Tryptamine (1989)

The involvement of the 5-HT1A receptor in the 5-HT syndrome (head weaving and hindlimb abduction) induced in DBA mice by tryptamine was investigated. Methysergide, (-)propranolol and spiperone suppressed both the head weaving and hindlimb abduction induced by tryptamine. However, ketanserin and ICS 205-930 did not affect them. Haloperidol induced small decreases in the head weaving, but had no effect on the hindlimb abduction. These results indicate that the 5-HT syndrome induced by tryptamine in mice is mediated by the 5-HT1A receptor. Therefore, 5-HT syndrome may also be associated with the 5-HT1A receptor in mice, as it is in rats.
On the design of a query processing strategy in a distributed database environment (1983)

An algorithm is given to process a given query in a fragmented distributed data base environment. Unlike previous algorithms, it has the following desired features.(1) It makes use of redundant relations to reduce communication cost;(2) a copy of each relation referenced by the query is selected so that the set of relations are contained in the minimum number of sites;(3) an efficient algorithm to process fragments is provided;(4) all relations that need not be sent to the assembly site to produce the answer are identified. Thus, unnecessary sending of these relations across sites and processing on these relations, which are common in earlier algorithms, are avoided;(5) useless semi-joins are discarded and "worse" semi-joins are replaced by better ones;(6) a process to estimate the cost and the benefit of a semi-join, based on dynamic execution of semi-joins is introduced. It is expected that the new process is more accurate than earlier estimation process.The algorithm is easy to implement and is operational.
First Trimester Pregnancy Loss and the Expression of Alternatively Spliced NKp30 Isoforms in Maternal Blood and Placental Tissue (2015)

Capsule: We observed that first trimester pregnancy loss is associated with an altered expression profile of the three isoforms of the NK receptor NKp30 expressed by NKs in PBMC and placental tissue. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether first trimester pregnancy loss is associated with differences in expression of NKp30 splice variants (isoforms) in maternal peripheral blood or placental tissue. We conducted a prospective case-control study; a total of 33 women undergoing dilation and curettage due to first trimester pregnancy loss were further subdivided into groups with sporadic or recurrent pregnancy loss. The control group comprises women undergoing elective termination of pregnancy. The qPCR approach was employed to assess the relative expression of NKp30 isoforms as well as the total expression of NKp30 and NKp46 receptors between the selected groups. Results show that in both PBMC and placental tissue, NKp46 and NKp30 expressions were mildly elevated in the pregnancy loss groups compared with the elective group. In particular, NKp46 elevation was significant. Moreover, expression analysis of NKp30 isoforms manifested a different profile between PBMC and the placenta. NKp30-a and NKp30-b isoforms in the placental tissue, but not in PBMC, showed a significant increase in the pregnancy loss groups compared with the elective group. Placental expression of NKp30 activating isoforms-a and -b in the pregnancy loss groups was negatively correlated with PLGF expression. By contrast, placental expression of these isoforms in the elective group was positively correlated with TNFα, IL-10, and VEGF-A expression. The altered expression of NKp30 activating isoforms in placental tissue from patients with pregnancy loss compared to the elective group and the different correlations with cytokine expression point to the involvement of NKp30-mediated function in pregnancy loss.
High-repetition-rate excimer lasers for DUV lithography (1999)

With the transition of DUV lithography into mass production, the economics of the excimer laser light sources is getting more important. The efforts in the development are directed towards an increase of the laser's repetition rate and output power for higher wafer throughput and an improvement of the component lifetime in order to reduce the cost of laser operation. Here we describe advanced 248 nm and 193 nm laser systems which operate with repetition rates of 2 kHz to be used in conjunction with refractive, partially achromatic refractive and catadioptric lithographic lenses, respectively.
Nutrient Transport Pathways Across the Epithelium of the Placenta (1992)

The objective of this review is to provide an overview of intermittent fasting regimens, summarize the evidence on the health benefits of intermittent fasting, and discuss physiological mechanisms by which intermittent fasting might lead to improved ...Read More
Reflection seismology over azimuthally anisotropic media (1988)

Abstract Recent surveys have shown that azimuthal anisotropy (due most plausibly to aligned fractures) has an important effect on seismic shear waves. Previous work had discussed these effects on VSP data; the same effects are seen in surface recording of reflections at small to moderate angles of incidence. The anisotropic effects on different polarization components of vertically traveling shear waves permit the recognition and estimation of very small degrees of azimuthal anisotropy (of order &gt; or =1 percent), as in an interferometer. Anisotropic effects on traveltime yield estimates of anisotropy which are averages over large depth intervals. Often, raw field data must be corrected for these effects before the reflectors may be imaged; two variations of a rotational algorithm to determine the 'principal time series' are derived. Anisotropic effects on moveout lead to abnormal moveout unless the survey line is parallel to the fractures. Anisotropic effects on reflection amplitude permit the recognition and estimation of anisotropy (hence fracture intensity) differences at the reflecting horizon, i.e., with high vertical resolution.
Dielectric Sensors Based on Electromagnetic Energy Tunneling (2015)

We show that metallic wires embedded in narrow waveguide bends and channels demonstrate resonance behavior at specific frequencies. The electromagnetic energy at these resonances tunnels through the narrow waveguide channels with almost no propagation losses. Under the tunneling behavior, high-intensity electromagnetic fields are produced in the vicinity of the metallic wires. These intense field resonances can be exploited to build highly sensitive dielectric sensors. The sensor operation is explained with the help of full-wave simulations. A practical setup consisting of a 3D waveguide bend is presented to experimentally observe the tunneling phenomenon. The tunneling frequency is predicted by determining the input impedance minima through a variational formula based on the Green function of a probe-excited parallel plate waveguide.
Synthesis and antifungal properties of dithiocarboxylic acid derivatives. II. Novel preparation of 2-alkylamino-1-cyclopentene-1-dithiocarboxylic acids and some of their derivatives (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and antifungal properties of dithiocarboxylic acid derivatives. II. Novel preparation of 2-alkylamino-1-cyclopentene-1-dithiocarboxylic acids and some of their derivativesB. Bordas, P. Sohar, G. Matolcsy, and P. BerencsiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 11, 1727–1730Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00976a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00976a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views450Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts