gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Hyperbranched Aromatic Polyamide from Aromatic Diamines and Trimesic Acid (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSynthesis of Hyperbranched Aromatic Polyamide from Aromatic Diamines and Trimesic AcidMitsutoshi Jikei, Sung-Hyun Chon, Masa-aki Kakimoto, Susumu Kawauchi, Tatsuya Imase, and Junji WatanebeView Author Information Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials and Department of Polymer Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan Cite this: Macromolecules 1999, 32, 6, 2061–2064Publication Date (Web):February 24, 1999Publication History Received13 May 1998Revised16 November 1998Published online24 February 1999Published inissue 1 March 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma980771bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma980771brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3221Altmetric-Citations249LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amides,Molecules,Monomers,Polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Murine B Cell Leukemia Line with Inducible Surface Immunoglobulin Expression (1978)

Abstract A chemically induced leukemia of BDF1 mice, designated 70Z/3, was adapted to tissue culture in our laboratory. A minority of these cells displayed surface immunoglobulin (sIg) as detected by immunofluorescence with rhodamine-labeled class (IgM)-specific antibodies. Addition of the B cell mitogen, LPS, to the cultures induced sIg expression on all of these cells. The kinetics of this transition were dependent on the dose of LPS. As little as 0.1 µg/ml induced sIg on &gt;97% of the cells within 36 hr. DxS also induced sIg whereas other mitogens (Con A, PPD) or inducing agents (DMSO, dimethyl formamide, butyric acid), tested over a wide range of concentrations, failed to induce sIg expression. The cells bear H-2 antigens but lack IgD, IgG, IgA, Ia, and Thy 1.2. Exposure to LPS had no effect on the presence or absence of these structures. A small percentage of cells possessed receptors for complement and for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin. Cytoplasmic IgM was detectable within all of the cells, and constitutive production of small quantities of IgM was confirmed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of serologic precipitates of cell lysates after pulsing with radioactive amino acids. Using similar methods, we failed to detect active secretion of immunoglobulin. Thus, this cell line has properties similar to cytoplasmic Ig+, surface Ig- cells found in immature tissues and in bone marrow of mice and humans that are thought to be immediate precursors of sIg+ B lymphocytes. It may provide a model for studying the mechanism of LPS activation and the molecular events associated with externalization of cell surface receptors.
Biosynthesis of the carbohydrate portion of immunoglobins. Kinetics of synthesis and secretion of [3H]leucine-, [3H]galactose- and [3H]mannose-labelled myeloma protein by two plasma-cell tumours (1970)

The kinetics of incorporation of leucine, galactose and mannose into intracellular and secreted myeloma protein, MOPC 21 IgG(1) and MOPC 46 kappa-type light chain, by cell suspensions of two myeloma plasma-cell tumours, MOPC 21 and MOPC 46, were similar. Radioactive galactose was incorporated to over 90% into galactose residues of intracellular and secreted protein, mannose to over 90% into glucosamine and mannose residues of intracellular protein and to over 90% into glucosamine, mannose and fucose residues of secreted protein, but not into galactose residues. The results show that specific residues in the carbohydrate portion of myeloma proteins can be labelled by specific radioactive monosaccharides, and suggest that fucose residues are added, while myeloma protein is in its final stage of secretion from the plasma cell. The kinetics of incorporation indicate at least three sequential precursor-product relationships between different intracellular forms and the secreted form of myeloma protein.
Studies on “Three Line” Polima Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Developed in <i>Brassica napus</i> L. (1990)

Abstract Polima CMS lines can be divided into three groups according to the sensitivity of male sterility to temperature: 1) high temperature CMS lines (62.9%), 2) low temperature CMS lines (28.6 %) and 3) stable CMS lines (8.5 %). The heterosis of Pol CMS hybrids is evident and common in some of the characters tested, especially in plant seed yield and siliqua number. The cytoplasm has no deleterious effects on the FI characters tested.
Preclinical Evaluation of ZD1839 Alone or in Combination with Oxaliplatin in a Panel of Human Tumor Cell Lines – Implications for Clinical Use (2005)

Background: Preclinical studies have suggested antitumor activity of an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-receptor targeted therapy with selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors alone or in combination with conventional cytostatic drugs. However, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), addition of ZD1839 (Iressa?) to combination chemotherapy did not improve the therapeutic outcome. Thus, further work is necessary to define factors predicting outcome of combination therapy. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the activity of ZD1839 alone or in combination with oxaliplatin (Eloxatin ?) was evaluated in 12 human cancer cell lines including colon, testicular, anaplastic thyroid and epidermoid carcinoma cells. Results: The EGF-receptor protein was overexpressed in line A431 (epidermoid carcinoma) and near the minimum detection limit in all other cell lines. The single agent activity of ZD1839 was highest in cell line A431. In the other cell lines, it was lower and appeared to be independent of EGF-receptor expression levels. The relative antitumor activity (RAA) was low (RAA = 1). Combined exposure to oxaliplatin and ZD1839 (IC30) resulted in significant synergy in 4 out of 6 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and significant antagonism in 4 out of 6 non-colorectal cancer cell lines. Continuous exposure to ZD1839 (IC30) induced a marked G1-phase arrest and dephosphorylation of EGF-receptor in A431, whereas no significant cell cycle perturbation could be detected in the low-expression cell lines. Other factors than cell cycle perturbation seem to determine the mode of drug interaction between oxaliplatin and ZD1839. Conclusion: Based on RAA, the single agent activity of ZD1839 in the investigated cell line panel appeared to be low. Combined exposure to ZD1839 and oxaliplatin exerted synergy in colorectal cancer cell lines, warranting further evaluation in this type of cancer. However, based on the observed antagonism in non-colorectal cancer cell lines, combined treatment with ZD1839 and oxaliplatin is not recommended for other types of cancer. Further research is necessary to identify factors which determine the nature of drug interaction in different tumor types including CRC and lung cancer.
Suppressors of yeast actin mutations. (1989)

Suppressors of a temperature-sensitive mutation (act1-1) in the single actin gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were selected that had simultaneously acquired a cold-sensitive growth phenotype. Five genes, called SAC (suppressor of actin) were defined by complementation tests; both suppression and cold-sensitive phenotypes were recessive. Three of the genes (SAC1, SAC2 and SAC3) were subjected to extensive genetic and phenotypic analysis, including molecular cloning. Suppression was found to be allele-specific with respect to actin alleles. The sac mutants, even in ACT1+ genetic backgrounds, displayed phenotypes similar to those of actin mutants, notably aberrant organization of intracellular actin and deposition of chitin at the cell surface. These results are interpreted as being consistent with the idea that the SAC genes encode proteins that interact with actin, presumably as components or controllers of the assembly or stability of the yeast actin cytoskeleton. Two unexpected properties of the SAC1 gene were noted. Disruptions of the gene indicated that its function is essential only at temperatures below about 17 degrees and all sac1 alleles are inviable when combined with act1-2. These properties are interpreted in the context of the evolution of the actin cytoskeleton of yeast.
Proposal for Error Detection and Handling in Digital Studio Equipment (1991)

By its nature, digital video equipment has greater potential than analog equipment for “minor” failures that result in signal distortions that are visually obnoxious. Analog equipment is more likely to fail gracefully and subtly when it malfunctions. On the other hand, digital equipment has a potential for self-testing, verification, monitoring, and remote diagnosis that is not possible with analog equipment. A proposal for exploiting this potential for error detection, self-diagnosis, and complete system monitoring in digital equipment is described. The proposal includes generating cyclic redundancy check (CRC) words that are inserted into the digital video signal and used for error detection. Additional error information is also inserted into the signal, which allows appropriate monitoring equipment to detect the occurrence of any bit errors and to identify and isolate failing video equipment.
A geometry-based stochastic MIMO model for vehicle-to-vehicle communications (2009)

Vehicle-to-vehicle (VTV) wireless communications have many envisioned applications in traffic safety and congestion avoidance, but the development of suitable communications systems and standards requires accurate models for the VTV propagation channel. In this paper, we present a new wideband multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) model for VTV channels based on extensive MIMO channel measurements performed at 5.2 GHz in highway and rural environments in Lund, Sweden. The measured channel characteristics, in particular the nonstationarity of the channel statistics, motivate the use of a geometry-based stochastic channel model (GSCM) instead of the classical tapped-delay line model. We introduce generalizations of the generic GSCM approach and techniques for parameterizing it from measurements and find it suitable to distinguish between diffuse and discrete scattering contributions. The time-variant contribution from discrete scatterers is tracked over time and delay using a high resolution algorithm, and our observations motivate their power being modeled as a combination of a (deterministic) distance decay and a slowly varying stochastic process. The paper gives a full parameterization of the channel model and supplies an implementation recipe for simulations. The model is verified by comparison of MIMO antenna correlations derived from the channel model to those obtained directly from the measurements.
The Chemistry of Ylids. VI. Dimethylsulfonium Fluorenylide—A Synthesis of Epoxides<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of Ylids. VI. Dimethylsulfonium Fluorenylide—A Synthesis of Epoxides1A. William Johnson and Robert B. LaCountCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 2, 417–423Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01463a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01463a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1460Altmetric-Citations169LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mineral scale management. Part III. Nonprocess elements in the paper industry (2006)

Efforts to comply with effluent standards have led to a situation where mills have little leeway in managing trace metals without developing mineral scale deposits. In most cases, the trace metals can be managed with minor process changes and suitable levels of process control.The principal tools available to the mill are pH and good washing in the first chlorine dioxide stage washer. In some cases, mills may need to change shower sources on washers or upgrade the Do washer. By determining the chemical equilibrium for critical points in the process and, in some cases modeling the chemical equilibrium-mass balance, it is possible to identify operating conditions that will eliminate mineral scale buildup in nearly all mill situations. This paper provides information on how trace metals enter the mill and how pulp ion exchange influences where the metals go in the bleach plant. It also demonstrates how a fundamental chemical analysis of the effect of pH on anion specia-tion and solubility product on scale formation can be used to troubleshoot and prevent scale problems. Application: This paper provides a detailed equilibrium analysis of conditions in a mill that was experiencing calcium oxalate scale and describes the process adjustments that eliminated the problem.The analysis determines how ion exchange, ion activity, and the acid-base equilibrium affect free ion concentrations of calcium and oxalate and how these free ion concentrations are used to determine the potential for mineral scale formation.
ASYMMETRIC TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF INDOLMYCIN (1980)

Abstract An asymmetric total synthesis of indolmycin was achieved via a key intermediate, α-indolmycenic acid ester. The ester was obtained by oxygenation of methyl (S)-3-(3-indolyl)butanoate which was prepared by asymmetric synthesis utilizing (2R,3S)-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylperhydro-l,4-oxazepine-5,7-dione. (2S,3R)-N-[2-Hydroxy-3-(3-indolyl)-butanoyl]-N′-methylthiourea prepared from α-indolmycenic acid ester was treated with 2-chlorobenzoxazolium salt to give indolmycin in 93% optical purity.
LCD applications of thin‐crystal‐film polarizers (2004)

Abstract— We have developed a new technique for the production of thin crystal film (TCF) by deposition, molecular alignment, and the drying of water‐based lyotropic‐liquid‐crystal (LLC) materials. TCF exhibits high optical anisotropy and birefringence. This paper presents liquid‐crystal‐display (LCD) applications and opportunities for TCF plastic sheet polarizers, retarders, and color‐correction films as well as LCD designs with TCF internal polarizers.
Young Kennan's Criticisms and Recommendations (1985)

After serving for more than a decade abroad as a US diplomat, George Kennan was recalled home for one year in 1937. During this period he considered ways of dealing with problems then afflicting American society. A short time later he made recommendations on how to improve the Foreign Service. His proposals in both cases were startling and seem to confirm the wisdom of John Quincy Adams: US diplomats should take leave home every few years in order "to be renovated by the wholesome republican atmosphere of their own country."
Effect of various dither forms on quantization errors of ideal A/D converters (1989)

The quantization error of a quantizer (ideal A/D converter) is investigated. Correlation between quantization error and quantizer input is considered. The input signal is taken as a sinusoid due to its importance in instrumentation systems. The cases of no dither, uniform dither, and discrete (digital) dither are considered. Effects of the dither probability density function (PDF) are discussed. The relationship between uniform dithered and discrete dithered quantizer inputs is derived. Spectra of the average quantization error, corresponding to an arbitrary input signal, are investigated. Different dither forms (Gaussian, uniform, and discrete) are compared, and the effects of the dither PDF are discussed. A quantitative basis for comparing dither forms, and hence, selecting the one most appropriate for a particular application, is provided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nasal spray contraceptives. (1979)

The premise for administering steroids through the nostrils for contraceptive purposes is the finding of a rapid and preferential transfer of steroids into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following intranasal (i.n.) administration. The i.n. route offers the advantage of reducing the overall drug-load of steroids on the body because of direct access to the brain the target site for steroids interfering with the hypothalamo-hypophysio-gonadal axis. The technique has been tested on rhesus monkeys. The spraying device used in the tests was a glass atomizer. The size of steroid particles ranged between 7-10 um. The solvent system was propylene glycol ethanol and water (1:1:3). I.n. steroids in micro-doses (2 ug of P and 9 ug of NET) during the periovulatory period resulted in a blockade of ovulation in 50% of the monkeys. Studies using single steroids and a particular dose-regimen suggest that intranasal sprays interfere with the hypophysio-gonadal axis and inhibits ovulation or interferes with ovum-maturation so that ovulation does not occur in the posttreatment stage. Tests using other compounds combinations of steroids altering the dose-regimen and improving the spraying device are underway in the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences where the research was begun.
Infectious Complications After Burn Injury (1994)

Since the inception of organized burn care nearly 50 years ago, infections complicating the care of thermally injured patients have been recognized as a major source of morbidity and mortality. The control of invasive infection and burn wound sepsis and improvements in the general care of these critically ill patients have resulted in unsurpassed survival; even so, infection remains the most frequent cause of death in these severely injured patients.
Broadband All-Optical Ultrasound Transducers for High-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging. (2008)

The use and development of high-frequency ultrasound has dramatically expanded the frontiers of ultrasound imaging, making better image resolution possible in various clinical applications. Real-time 3D high-resolution ultrasound imaging requires 2D high-frequency (>30 MHz) transducer arrays, which are not available with conventional piezoelectric technology. Optoacoustic transduction relying on optical generation and detection of ultrasound is an attractive alternative, which utilizes two laser beams as input/output vectors instead of electronic signals. Previously, the most efficient optoacoustic transmitter is a 25 microns black PDMS film, and the state of the art optoacoustic detector utilizes an 11 microns Fabry-Perot polymer etalon. Both devices operate at below 50 MHz, and an integrated structure combining both optoacoustic transmitters and detectors has not been designed and fabricated. This thesis addresses the development of integrated broadband all-optical ultrasound transducers. Optimized black PDMS films and innovative gold nanostructure films are first presented as efficient optoacoustic transmitters, both of which are capable of generating ultrasound in the 50-100 MHz frequency range with surface acoustic pressure far exceeding 100 MPa. Thinner polymer etalons are then demonstrated for building ultrasound detection arrays at above 50 MHz, and 3D photoacoustic imaging experiments using etalon arrays have shown axial and lateral resolutions better than 20 microns. The first integrated all-optical ultrasound transducer combining the etalon structure and the gold nanostructure has been designed, fabricated, and evaluated. Pulse-echo signals display bandwidths of 57 MHz. High-resolution ultrasound imaging capabilities have been demonstrated using a 1-D synthetic aperture formed by mechanically scanning the imaging target, where the -6 dB lateral resolution is 38 microns. In addition, a theta-array imaging system combining black PDMS and etalon structures have been developed for 3D ultrasound imaging. Bandwidths of pulse-echo signals are over 50 MHz, and reconstructed ultrasonic images capture the imaging targets with reasonable accuracy. Optical and acoustical characterization of the optoacoustic devices, as well as high-resolution imaging results, strongly suggest that all-optical ultrasound transducers are suitable for 2D high-frequency arrays enabling real-time 3D high-resolution ultrasound imaging.
Germicidal Activity of a Chlorous Acid-Chlorine Dioxide Teat Dip and a Sodium Chlorite Teat Dip During Experimental Challenge with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae (1998)

Three postmilking teat dips were tested for efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in two separate studies using experimental challenge procedures that were recommended by the National Mastitis Council. The first study evaluated a barrier teat dip product containing chlorous acid-chlorine dioxide as the germicidal agent, and the second study evaluated a sodium chlorite product with a barrier component as well as a sodium chlorite product without a barrier component. The chlorous acid-chlorine dioxide teat dip reduced new intramammary infections (IMI) caused by Staph. aureus by 91.5% and reduced new IMI caused by Strep. agalactiae by 71.7%. The barrier dip containing sodium chlorite reduced new IMI caused by Staph. aureus and Strep. agalactiae by 41.0 and 0%, respectively. The nonbarrier dip containing sodium chlorite reduced new IMI caused by Staph. aureus by 65.6% and reduced new IMI caused by Strep. agalactiae by 39.1%. Teat skin and teat end conditions were evaluated before and after the second study; no deleterious effects among dipped quarters compared with control quarters were noted for the two sodium chlorite products.