gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PITX2 deficiency and associated human disease: insights from the zebrafish model (2018)

The PITX2 (paired-like homeodomain 2) gene encodes a bicoid-like homeodomain transcription factor linked with several human disorders. The main associated congenital phenotype is Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, type 1, an autosomal dominant condition characterized by variable defects in the anterior segment of the eye, an increased risk of glaucoma, craniofacial dysmorphism and dental and umbilical anomalies; in addition to this, one report implicated PITX2 in ring dermoid of the cornea and a few others described cardiac phenotypes. We report three novel PITX2 mutations-c.271C > T, p.(Arg91Trp); c.259T > C, p.(Phe87Leu); and c.356delA, p.(Gln119Argfs*36)-identified in independent families with typical Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome characteristics and some unusual features such as corneal guttata, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, and hyperextensibility. To gain further insight into the diverse roles of PITX2/pitx2 in vertebrate development, we generated various genetic lesions in the pitx2 gene via TALEN-mediated genome editing. Affected homozygous zebrafish demonstrated congenital defects consistent with the range of PITX2-associated human phenotypes: abnormal development of the cornea, iris and iridocorneal angle; corneal dermoids; and craniofacial dysmorphism. In addition, via comparison of pitx2M64* and wild-type embryonic ocular transcriptomes we defined molecular changes associated with pitx2 deficiency, thereby implicating processes potentially underlying disease pathology. This analysis identified numerous affected factors including several members of the Wnt pathway and collagen types I and V gene families. These data further support the link between PITX2 and the WNT pathway and suggest a new role in regulation of collagen gene expression during development.
An inheritance model for supporting flexible displays of data structures (1991)

Abstract We have designed an inheritance model that reduces the effort required to define presentations of data structures of programs written in conventional languages. It assumes that the presentation of a data structure is determined by one or more attributes of the data structure; classifies data structures into several groups based on their types, contexts, siblings, ancestors and other properties; and allows an attribute to be defined once for all members of a group. These groups are arranged in multiple intersecting hierarchies, and a subgroup is allowed to inherit attributes from its supergroups(s). This paper motivates, describes, and illustrates our method of grouping values and arranging the value groups in inheritance hierarchies.
PC-based data acquisition in an industrial environment (1990)

A major limitation of the IBM 'PC/XT/AT' family of computers in data acquisition and control applications is the fact that they were designed with office automation in mind. They were intended to be single user, single tasking, simple, low cost machines. One excellent solution to this problem is to put a high-performance processor right on the data acquisition board. This processor can assume control of the data acquisition functions, allowing the personal computer to act in a supervisory role. The PC can transfer programs to the data acquisition system and leave all the time critical operations where they are most effectively dealt with. The developments of such data acquisition and control processors are discussed.
The New Frontier (2012)

Businesses should focus on a proactive solution to rising health care costs, using integrated wellness programs that emphasize condition management and total health and well-being. If corporations wish to remain competitive, profitable and successful in attracting and retaining topnotch talent from all generations, they are going to have to start investing in and thinking creatively about wellness offerings. Not only do wellness programs have a proven track record of success in reducing health care costs, they also resonate loud and clear with modern-day employees who are determined to work for a company that understands their needs and is willing to make progress with the employee’s best interests in mind.
Design, Preparation and Performance Study of On-Chip Flow-Through Amperometric Sensors with an Integrated Ag/AgCl Reference Electrode (2018)

To improve the reference potential stability of on-chip amperometric sensors, we propose a novel integrated Ag/AgCl reference electrode structure. This structure can refresh the saturated potassium chloride filling solution surrounding the Ag/AgCl electrode. We then designed a flow-through amperometric sensor and a multilayer microfluidic chip based on the integrated reference electrode. In order to improve the detection signal strength of the flow-through sensor, a numerical simulation model was established. The simulation results showed that a combination of (1) using a step-type detection cell structure that maintains micro-channel width while reducing micro-channel height, and (2) controlling the sample flow rate to limit the mass transfer of the sensor surface effectively, improves the detection signal strength. The step-type detection cell structure had dimensions of 200 μm × 200 μm × 100 μm (length × width × height), and the electroosmotic flow driving voltage was 120 V/cm. Finally, successful trace detection of Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> in the water was achieved using the amperometric sensor and microfluidic chip: detection limits were 5 μmol/L and 84 μmol/L. The preparation of an on-chip flow-through amperometric sensor with an integrated Ag/AgCl reference electrode will facilitate improved portability of microfluidic detection technology.
Functional Specialization of the Plant miR396 Regulatory Network through Distinct MicroRNA–Target Interactions (2012)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ∼21 nt small RNAs that regulate gene expression in animals and plants. They can be grouped into families comprising different genes encoding similar or identical mature miRNAs. Several miRNA families are deeply conserved in plant lineages and regulate key aspects of plant development, hormone signaling, and stress response. The ancient miRNA miR396 regulates conserved targets belonging to the GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR (GRF) family of transcription factors, which are known to control cell proliferation in Arabidopsis leaves. In this work, we characterized the regulation of an additional target for miR396, the transcription factor bHLH74, that is necessary for Arabidopsis normal development. bHLH74 homologs with a miR396 target site could only be detected in the sister families Brassicaceae and Cleomaceae. Still, bHLH74 repression by miR396 is required for margin and vein pattern formation of Arabidopsis leaves. MiR396 contributes to the spatio-temporal regulation of GRF and bHLH74 expression during leaf development. Furthermore, a survey of miR396 sequences in different species showed variations in the 5' portion of the miRNA, a region known to be important for miRNA activity. Analysis of different miR396 variants in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that they have an enhanced activity toward GRF transcription factors. The interaction between the GRF target site and miR396 has a bulge between positions 7 and 8 of the miRNA. Our data indicate that such bulge modulates the strength of the miR396-mediated repression and that this modulation is essential to shape the precise spatio-temporal pattern of GRF2 expression. The results show that ancient miRNAs can regulate conserved targets with varied efficiency in different species, and we further propose that they could acquire new targets whose control might also be biologically relevant.
Thin-film-based sensitivity enhancement for total internal reflection fluorescence live-cell imaging (2007)

We investigated experimentally the evanescent field enhancement based on dielectric thin films in total internal reflection microscopy. The sample employed two layers of Al2O3 and SiO2 deposited on an SF10 glass substrate. Field intensity enhancement measured by fluorescent excitation of microbeads relative to that of a control sample without dielectric films was polarization dependent, determined as 4.2 and 2.4 for TE and TM polarizations, respectively, and was in good agreement with numerical results. The thin-film-based field enhancement was also applied to live-cell imaging of quantum dots, which confirmed the sensitivity enhancement qualitatively.
Iris recognition using Gabor filters optimized by the particle swarm technique (2008)

In this paper, an efficient feature extraction algorithm based on optimized Gabor filters and a relative variation analysis approach is presented for iris recognition. The Gabor filters are optimized by tuning the parameters with the particle swarm optimization method. Moreover, a sequential filter scheme is developed to determine the number of filters in the optimal Gabor filter bank. In the preprocessing step, the lower part of the iris image is unwrapped and normalized to a rectangular block which is then decomposed by the optimal Gabor filters. After that, a simple encoding method is adopted to generate a compact iris code. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed method is encouraging and comparable to those of the existing iris recognition systems.
Lactose-Hydrolyzing Enzymes of <i>Lactobacillus</i> Species (1972)

beta-Galactosidase (beta-gal, EC 3.2.1.23) and beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase (beta-Pgal) activities were observed in all of 13 Lactobacillus species studied except L. casei and L. buchneri. Only the latter enzyme was detected in nine strains of L. casei. The beta-gal from L. thermophilus and the beta-Pgal from L. casei were purified and characterized. In comparison with beta-gal, the beta-Pal was slightly less active (V(max) values were 28.9 and 50.0 mumoles per mg per min, respectively), but the substrate affinitives were similar (K(m) values were 1.69 x 10(-3) M and 1.59 x 10(-3) M, respectively). Although the two enzymes had similar amino acid compositions, the molecular weight of beta-gal was 5.4 x 10(5) and that of beta-Pgal was 1.3 x 10(5). The beta-gal from L. thermophilus and the beta-Pgal from L. casei had optimal temperature and pH activity values of 55 C at pH 6.2 and 37 C at pH 5.0, respectively. The complete absence of beta-gal from a homofermentative Lactobacillus species of industrial importance is further evidence of the heterogeneity of this genus.
ASP .NET Bible (2002)

From the Publisher:
Comprising far more than an updated reference for Web application development, the ASP.NET Bible provides crucial guidance on leveraging the significant advances ASP.NET represents for the Web developer.Michael Lane Thomas, .NET Series Editor
100% Comprehensive

Authoritative

What you need

Harness the power of ASP.NET for next-generation Web applications
Build, deploy, and run distributed applications targeting any device
Master ASP.NET development using both Visual Basic .NET and C#
If ASP.NET can do it, you can do it too . . .

Completely revamped for the .NET Platform, ASP.NET is an indispensable tool for creating the next generation of Web applications and Web Services. This comprehensive resource gives you in-depth guidance for building dynamic, data-driven applications tailored to any browser or device. Whether youre a seasoned ASP developer or a Web development newcomer, youll find the real-world techniques and insights you need to take ASP.NET programming to the next level.
Inside, youll find complete coverage of ASP.NET

Get up to speed fast on ASP.NET development with both Visual Basic .NET and C#
Build forms with Web Controls, including Rich Web Controls like AdRotator and Calendar
Debug ASP.NET pages  and learn how to write high-quality code
Master ASP.NET database programming with ADO.NET and SQL Server
Bind data and controls with XML
Develop, deploy, and use business objects
Create secure wireless applications using ASP.NET mobile controls
Use ASP.NET to build, deploy, and publishWeb Services

Companion Website includes source code from the book:

www.hungryminds.com/extras

Test your Web Service prior to deployment with the Web Service help page
Learn how to use page output caching with ASP.NET

Reader Level: Beginning to Advanced

Shelving Category: Programming/Web Development
Author Biography: Mridula Parihar is a Microsoft Certified Solution Developer (MCSD). She has worked with NIIT Ltd. for two years. In her first year, she worked as a technical instructor in the Career Education Group (CEG) division of NIIT Ltd. She has been working with the Knowledge Solutions Business (KSB) group for the last 12 months. Here, Mridula has had the opportunity to work on many technical projects. Her work involves design, development, testing, and implementation of instructor-led training courses. Also, she handles the additional responsibility of ensuring ISO compliance.
Eric A. Smith is a Microsoft Certified Solution Developer and works extensively in both web and traditional client/server environments. He has written, edited, or contributed to eight books in the Visual Basic and Web markets, including authoring HMI's most recent ASP Bible and the Visual Basic 6 Bible. He has co-authored on other VB titles.
A professional programmer and consultant, Eric owns the ASP Techniques Web site (http://asptechniques.com). This site is used to provide service after the sale to his readers. Users can get updated code and related articles at this site. He is also the creator of inquiry.com's Ask the VB Pro site, now part of Fawcette Technical Publications.
Alternative Splicing of cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinase I in Angiotensin-Hypertension (2003)

Nitrate tolerance (NT) in hypertension is attributed to reduced activity of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). We examined NT in basilar artery vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from control rats, rats infused with angiotensin II (Ang; 240 microg/kg per hour for 4 days), which were normotensive, and Ang-hypertensive rats (AHR; 240 microg/kg per hour for 28 days). Ca2+-activated K+ (Maxi-K) channels in VSMCs from AHR showed reduced activation by NO donor, consistent with NT. The concentration-response relationship for 8-Br-cGMP was shifted 2.5-fold to the right, indicating that abnormal sGC alone could not account for NT. Inside-out patches from AHR showed normal activation with exogenous cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI), suggesting no abnormality downstream of cGKI. We hypothesized that the reduction in apparent affinity of 8-Br-cGMP for cGKI in AHR might be due to a change in relative amounts of cGKIalpha versus cGKIbeta, since cGKIbeta is less sensitive to cGMP activators than cGKIalpha. This was substantiated by showing the following in AHR: (1) reduced effect of the cGKIalpha-selective activator 8-APT-cGMP; (2) reduced total cGKI protein (both isoforms), but an increase in cGKIbeta protein in quantitative immunofluorescence and Western blots; (3) similar changes in cGKI isoforms immunoisolated with Maxi-K channels; and (4) a large increase in cGKIbeta mRNA and a decrease in cGKIalpha mRNA in real-time PCR and Northern blots. Upregulation of cytosolic cGKIbeta was evident 4 days after Ang infusion, before development of hypertension. Our data identify a functional role for cGKIbeta in VSMCs previously ascribed exclusively to cGKIalpha. Ang-induced alternative splicing of cGKI represents a novel mechanism for reducing sensitivity to NO/cGMP.
Sulfonylureas Inhibit Cytokine-Induced Eosinophil Survival and Activation (1998)

Eosinophils play a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma and other allergic inflammatory diseases. We have previously shown that treatment of eosinophils with lidocaine preferentially inhibits IL-5-induced survival. This inhibition cannot be overcome by increasing concentrations of IL-5 and is not due to the blocking of Na+ channels by lidocaine. Here we report that one class of K+ channel blockers, the sulfonylureas, inhibits eosinophil survival in a manner similar to lidocaine. The sulfonylurea glyburide inhibits eosinophil survival even at high concentrations of IL-5. In contrast, increasing concentrations of IL-3 or granulocyte-macrophage CSF overcome glyburide inhibition. Glyburide also blocks cytokine-induced eosinophil superoxide production. Similar results were seen with the sulfonylureas tolbutamide and glipizide. Interestingly, the effects of glyburide are not antagonized by the ATP-sensitive K+ channel openers cromakalim, pinacidil, or diazoxide. Although Scatchard analysis of [3H]glyburide binding to eosinophil membranes indicated that the high affinity sulfonylurea receptor (SUR1) is not present on eosinophils, human eosinophils do express mRNA homologous to the sulfonylurea receptor family, in keeping with the presence of a sulfonylurea receptor. Finally, coculture of eosinophils with combinations of glyburide, lidocaine, and dexamethasone resulted in synergistic inhibition of cytokine-mediated eosinophil survival and superoxide production. These results have intriguing clinical implications for the treatment of eosinophil-associated diseases.
Electron collision frequency observations in H<sub>2</sub>, D<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, CO<sub>2</sub>and argon at pressures of 0.4-2 Torr (1974)

An investigation was made of the nature of the collision frequency of the electrons in H2, D2, N2O, CO2 and argon plasmas at different pressures and ion densities. This investigation demonstrated that collision cross sections for the particles in the plasmas can be probed effectively using a resonant microwave cavity technique only when suitable allowances are made for resonant modes of the plasma interacting with the cavity. Curves giving the profiles of collision frequency nu m vs ion density ( eta ) for various pressures of these gases are presented. Ion densities and collision frequencies were obtained using the perturbation equations of Slater. Resonance phenomena were observed in which plasma modes couple strongly with the microwave cavity. Under these conditions of strong coupling of the plasma modes with the cavity modes, the perturbation equation which predicts the collision frequency for momentum transfer predicts anomalous results for nu m.
Applicability range of Stoney’s formula and modified formulas for a film/substrate bilayer (2006)

In addition to the layer thickness and effective Young’s modulus, the impact of the kinematic assumptions, interfacial condition, in-plane force, boundary conditions, and structure dimensions on the curvature of a film/substrate bilayer is examined. Different models for the analysis of the bilayer curvature are compared. It is demonstrated in our model that the assumption of a uniform curvature is valid only if there is no in-plane force. The effects of boundary conditions and structure dimensions, which are not (fully) included in previous models are shown to be significant. Three different approaches for deriving the curvature of a film/substrate bilayer are presented, compared, and analyzed. A more comprehensive study of the conditions regarding the applicability of Stoney’s formula and modified formulas is presented.
Automated spectrophotometric assay for urine p-aminophenol by an oxidative coupling reaction. (2004)

Urine p-aminophenol (PAP) concentration serves as a biological marker for occupational exposures to aniline. We report the development of a rapid, simple spectrophotometric method for quantification of urine PAP concentration using a chemical autoanalyzer (Olympus Reply). The method involves oxidative coupling of PAP with an aromatic compound, xylenol, that contains an electron-donating group, based on an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction catalyzed by sodium periodate. A calibration curve is constructed in the same matrix, urine, as the unknown samples to be analyzed. In this way, potential matrix interferences are largely avoided. The linearity range of the method is 20 to 400 mg/L. Time-course studies show that the color formation by reaction of PAP with xylenol is rapid and essentially complete within 5 min. Within-run and day-to-day reproducibility data at medium (50 mg/L) and high (200 mg/L) concentrations yield CV's <5.0%. Several prescription drugs and drugs of abuse, as well as related compounds, gave negative tests for interference in the procedure. Clinical applications of the method are illustrated by data for (a) PAP concentrations in 255 urine samples from workers at a rubber plant, and (b) PAP elimination in serial urine samples from 5 volunteers after an oral dose (500 mg) of acetaminophen. In summary, the new method has the advantages of automation, operational simplicity, and suitability for monitoring workers for exposures to aniline.
Prediction of aortic augmentation index using radial pulse transmission-wave analysis (2006)

In a quiet resting state, the ED/3 is an alternative method for identifying the merging point in APC. In conjunction with transfer-function technique, AIx can be derived accurately from RPC.
Reinforcement Learning in POMDP's via Direct Gradient Ascent (2025)

This paper discusses theoretical and experimental aspects of gradient-based approaches to the direct optimization of policy performance in controlled POMDPs. We introduce GPOMDP, a REINFORCE-like algorithm for estimating an approximation to the gradient of the average reward as a function of the parameters of a stochastic policy. The algorithm's chief advantages are that it requires only a single sample path of the underlying Markov chain, it uses only one free parameter $β\in [0,1)$, which has a natural interpretation in terms of bias-variance trade-off, and it requires no knowledge of the underlying state. We prove convergence of GPOMDP and show how the gradient estimates produced by GPOMDP can be used in a conjugate-gradient procedure to find local optima of the average reward.
Proceedings of the XVI International Mineral Processing Congress, Stockholm, Sweden, June 5-10, 1988 (1988)

Proceedings of the XVI International Mineral Processing Congress : Stockholm, Sweden, June 5-10, 1988
Constituents of the higher fungi. Part VI. Some analogues of hispidin (1967)

The preparation of a number of hispidin analogues is described. Their infrared carbonyl absorption frequency is dependent on the position of the hydroxyl group in the phenyl ring.
Intrauterine Growth Retardation Is Associated With Reduced Activity and Expression of the Cationic Amino Acid Transport Systems y <sup>+</sup> /hCAT-1 and y <sup>+</sup> /hCAT-2B and Lower Activity of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (2002)

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is associated with vascular complications leading to hypoxia and abnormal fetal development. The effect of IUGR on L-arginine transport and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis was investigated in cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). IUGR was associated with membrane depolarization and reduced L-arginine transport (V(max)= 5.8+/-0.2 versus 3.3+/-0.1 pmol/microg protein per minute), with no significant changes in transport affinity (K(m)=159+/-15 versus 137+/-14 micromol/L). L-Arginine transport was trans-stimulated (8- to 9-fold) in cells from normal and IUGR pregnancies. IUGR was associated with reduced production of L-[3H]citrulline from L-[3H] arginine, lower nitrite and intracellular L-arginine, L-citrulline, and cGMP. IUGR decreased hCAT-1 and hCAT-2B mRNA, and increased eNOS mRNA and protein levels. IUGR-associated inhibition of L-arginine transport and NO synthesis, and membrane depolarization were reversed by the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,D-penicillamine. In summary, endothelium from fetuses with IUGR exhibit altered L-arginine transport and NO synthesis (L-arginine/NO pathway), reduced expression and activity of hCAT-1 and hCAT-2B and reduced eNOS activity. Alterations in L-arginine/NO pathway could be critical for the physiological processes involved in the etiology of IUGR in human pregnancies.