gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transient flow of a viscous compressible fluid in a circular tube after a sudden point impulse transverse to the axis (2010)

The flow of a viscous compressible fluid in a circular tube generated by a sudden impulse at a point on the axis and directed transverse to the axis is studied on the basis of the linearized Navier–Stokes equations. A no-slip boundary condition is assumed to hold on the wall of the tube. The flow behaviour differs qualitatively from that for a point impulse in the direction of the axis in that there is no coupling to a diffusive sound mode. As a consequence, the transverse velocity autocorrelation function of a suspended Brownian particle decays at long times faster than t −3/2 .
Organic Acid Production by Basidiomycetes (1965)

Sixty-seven strains belonging to 47 species of Basidiomycetes were examined for their acid-producing abilities in glucose media, in both the presence and absence of CaCO(3), in stationary and shake cultures. Some strains were found to produce large quantities of oxalic acid. The oxalic acid-producing strains could be separated into two groups. Strains of one group (mostly brown-rot fungi) were able to produce oxalic acid, regardless of whether CaCO(3) was present in the medium. Strains of the other group (mostly white-rot fungi) were characterized by their ability to produce oxalic acid only when CaCO(3) was added to the medium. With the latter group, shake-culturing was generally more effective than stationary culturing in respect to acid production. In the CaCO(3)-containing media, Schizophyllum commune, Merulius tremellosus, and Porodisculus pendulus were found to produce substantial amounts of L-malic acid as a main metabolic product, along with small quantities of oxalic and other acids in shake cultures. Especially, S. commune and M. tremellosus may be employed as malic acid-producing species.
Efficient seismic ray tracing using graph theory (1989)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1989Efficient seismic ray tracing using graph theoryAuthors: T. J. MoserT. J. MoserUniversity of Utrecht, Netherlandshttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889867 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889867FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByThe first-arrival traveltime tomography with simultaneous sourcesZhengfa Bi, Jie Zhang, and Mengyao Sun27 August 20183D ray tracing using a modified shortest-path methodChao-ying Bai, Stewart Greenhalgh, and Bing Zhou16 May 2007 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 72, No. 4Nonlinear refraction and reflection travel time tomography10 December 1998 | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 103, No. B12Nonlinear refraction traveltime tomographyJie Zhang and M. Nafi Toksöz7 February 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 63, No. 5Grid travel-time tracing: Second-order method for the first arrivals in smooth mediaPure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, Vol. 148, No. 3-4Ray tracing based on Fermat's principle in irregular grids1Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 44, No. 5Irregular grids in seismic tomography and minimum-time ray tracingGeophysical Journal International, Vol. 126, No. 1SEISMIC RAY TRACING USING LINEAR TRAVELTIME INTERPOLATION1Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 41, No. 1 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1989ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1989 Pages: 1375 publication data© 1989 Copyright © 1989 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION T. J. Moser, (1989), "Efficient seismic ray tracing using graph theory," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1106-1108. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1889867 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Smart Shelfie -- Internet of Shelves: For Higher On-Shelf Availability (2015)

Out of stock is a great concern for Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG) and Retail organizations [1]. They lose billions of dollars every year. If items of interest are not available on the shelves, 31% customers buy from somewhere else and 26% buy a different brand [2]. This paper describes how the racks / shelves at a retail store can be made smarter such that they can raise alerts to replenish themselves. Smart alerts to workers in retail shop can avoid manual checks and alerts to CPG companies can expedite replenishment if retailers do not maintain the right quantity or replenishes within Service Level Agreement (SLA). While load sensors have been the most common practice [3][4], it has not succeeded as anything else on the shelves still meant 'available'. This leaves us with a challenge to track not only the quantity but also the right brand, right variant in the right position with right visibility to shoppers on the right shelf. Internet of Things can help make this thing (shelves) smarter to required extent. We have enabled shelves to take its own selfie using a simple camera and then the image processing algorithms take over to do required analytics and raise alerts with the right person. This solution scores higher over other hardware and capital intensive IoT solutions being worked upon. The paper describes in detail about the work done by our team and the impressive results achieved. The solution can be implemented using a commonly available device like a smartphone camera or even the camera in retail shops can be put to use for real time or more frequent checks.
Queriosity: Automated Data Exploration (2015)

Curiosity, a fundamental drive amongst higher living organisms, is what enables exploration, learning and creativity. In our increasingly data-driven world, data exploration, i.e., Making sense of mounting haystacks of data, is akin to intelligence for science, business and individuals. However, modern data systems -- designed for data retrieval rather than exploration -- only let us retrieve data and ask if it is interesting. This makes knowledge discovery a game of hit-and-trial which can only be orchestrated by expert data scientists. We present the vision toward Queriosity, an automated and personalized data exploration system. Designed on the principles of autonomy, learning and usability, Queriosity envisions a paradigm shift in data exploration and aims to become a a personalized "data robot" that provides a direct answer to what is interesting in a user's data set, instead of just retrieving data. Queriosity autonomously and continuously navigates toward interesting findings based on trends, statistical properties and interactive user feedback.
Tunable continuous-wave doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator by use of a semimonolithic KTP crystal (2002)

A temperature-tuned continuous-wave doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO) consisting of a semimonolithic KTP crystal and a concave mirror has been designed and built. Under single-axial-mode-pair operation, we obtained a combined output power of the signal and idler light fields up to 365 mW at a pump power of 680 mW. The output wavelength of the OPO can be temperature tuned by as much as 9 nm. We achieved 2.8-GHz continuous frequency tuning of the OPO by tuning the pump laser frequency.
Free-standing hybrid film of less defective graphene coated with mesoporous TiO <sub>2</sub> for lithium ion batteries with fast charging/discharging capabilities (2016)

Benefiting from extremely high conductivity, graphene sheets (GS) with very low defect density are preferable to reduced graphene oxide sheets for constructing the free-standing hybrid electrodes of flexible electrochemical energy storage devices. However, due to the hydrophobic nature and deficiency of nucleation sites, how to uniformly and intimately anchor electrochemically active materials onto less defective GS is a challenge. Herein, a free-standing and mechanically flexible hybrid film with two-layer structure, mesoporous TiO2 anchored less defective GS hybrid (mTiO2-GS) upper-layer and graphene under-layer, denoted as mTiO2-GS/G, is fabricated. The hydrolysis of a Ti glycolate aqueous sol solution were applied to form mTiO2. The decoration of less defective GS with sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) surfactant is crucial for anchoring TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). The aromatic rings of SLS favor a non-destructive functionalization of GS through the π-π stacking interaction. The sulfonic acid groups and hydroxyl groups of SLS, respectively, greatly improve the dispersity of GS in water and trigger the nucleation of TiO2 through the oxolation in the hydrolysis of Ti glycolate sol solution. The following characteristics of free-standing mTiO2-GS/G electrode benefit the fast charging/discharging capabilities: highly conductive graphene framework, ultra-small NPs (~5.0 nm) in mTiO2 anchored, high specific surface area (202.5 m2 g−1), abundant mesopores (0.32 cm3 g−1), intimate interfacial interaction between mTiO2 and GS, robust contact between the mTiO2-GS upper-layer and an under-layer of bare graphene as the current collector. In coin half-cells, the mTiO2-GS/G electrode delivers a capacity of 130 mA h g−1 at 50 C, and 71 mA h g−1 at 100 C, and it also exhibits excellent cycle stability up to 10 000 cycles under 10 C, with a degradation rate of 0.0033% per cycle. When packed in flexible cells, the mTiO2-GS/G electrode maintains fast charging/discharging capabilities regardless of being flat or bent. Furthermore, because of the high durability of mTiO2-GS/G electrode, repeated deformations do not cause extra capacity degradation.
Automatic Rating of Machine Translatability (2005)

We describe a method for automatically rating the machine translatability of a sentence for var-ious machine translation (MT) systems. The method requires that the MT system can bidi-rectionally translate sentences in both source and target languages. However, it does not re-quire reference translations, as is usual for auto-matic MT evaluation. By applying this method to every component of a sentence in a given source language, we can automatically iden-tify the machine-translatable and non-machine-translatable parts of a sentence for a particular MT system. We show that the parts of a sen-tence that are automatically identified as non-machine-translatable provide useful information for paraphrasing or revising the sentence in the source language, thus improving the quality of the final translation. 1
Chemical tuning of room-temperature ferrimagnetism and ferroelectricity in ε-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-type multiferroic oxide thin films (2017)

Coexistence of large magnetization and reversible polarization at room temperature in ε-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-type iron oxide.
A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Four Anti-Dandruff Shampoos (1981)

A total of 199 patients were selected for a comparison of the anti-dandruff efficacy of four shampoos. After a 2-week lead in (all patients used only Johnson's Baby Shampoo twice weekly) the patients were randomly assigned to Selsun Blue, Head & Shoulders, Flex, or Tegrin. The test preparation, which was unknown to the observer, was used twice weekly for 4 weeks. Loose and adherent dandruff were each rated on a scale of 0 to 20 (absent to severe) at the end of the lead-in (when a total score of 15 was required), and each week of study. The mean total pre-study score for all subjects was 19.5. At the end of the study the mean improvement scores were: 16.2 (Selsun Blue), 14.6 (head & Shoulders), 13.5 (Flex), and 13.1 (Tegrin). The improvement was significantly greater (p less than 0.05) on Selsun Blue than on any of the other shampoo. At the end of the study significantly (p less than 0.05) more patients had total scores of zero on Selsun Blue (15) than on Tegrin or Head & Shoulders. In addition, the rate of improvement was significantly (p less than 0.05) faster with Selsun Blue than with any of the other test preparations.
Comparative proteomic analysis of hypoxia‐treated and untreated human leukemic U937 cells (2006)

We reported recently that moderate hypoxia and hypoxia-mimetic agents could induce growth arrest and differentiation of leukemic cells via the mediation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1alpha), but the exact molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, human acute promonocytic leukemic U937 cells were incubated under 2% O2 or in 50 microM of the hypoxia mimetic agent cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and normal oxygen for 24 h, and their protein expression profiles were compared by 2-DE coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF MS/MS. We identified 62 and 16 proteins that were significantly deregulated by hypoxia and CoCl2 treatment, respectively. These proteins were mainly involved in metabolism, gene expression regulation, signal transduction, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. As an example, N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), a putative differentiation-related gene, was up-regulated in both 2% O2- and CoCl2-treated U937 cells. Moreover, enforced HIF-1alpha expression also elevated NDRG1 mRNA and protein in U937 cells. These data will provide some clues for understanding mechanisms by which leukemic cells response to hypoxia.
Load to failure testing of new meniscal repair devices (2004)

Some of the newer meniscal repair devices show improved loads to failure over earlier generations.
Synthesis and <i>in vitro</i> degradation of poly(<i>N</i>‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone)‐based graft copolymers for biomedical applications (2002)

Abstract This work is devoted to the design of a novel family of hydrosoluble biomaterials: poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) (PVP)‐based graft copolymers. A synthesis route has been elaborated in which ω‐functionalized PVP is prepared via chain‐transfer radical polymerization, end‐group modified, and subsequently grafted onto a polyhydroxylated backbone, typically dextran or poly(vinyl alcohol). The resulting graft copolymer biomaterials are designed for use in various biomedical applications, particularly as materials with a stronger potential for plasma expansion than already existing products have. The graft copolymers are potentially degradable because the PVP grafts are connected to the polyol backbone via a hydrolytically labile carbonate or ester linkage. The degradation of the graft copolymers was performed in vitro over a period of 6 weeks. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 3652–3661, 2002
Private medical record linkage with approximate matching. (2010)

Federal regulations require patient data to be shared for reuse in a de-identified manner. However, disparate providers often share data on overlapping populations, such that a patient's record may be duplicated or fragmented in the de-identified repository. To perform unbiased statistical analysis in a de-identified setting, it is crucial to integrate records that correspond to the same patient. Private record linkage techniques have been developed, but most methods are based on encryption and preclude the ability to determine similarity, decreasing the accuracy of record linkage. The goal of this research is to integrate a private string comparison method that uses Bloom filters to provide an approximate match, with a medical record linkage algorithm. We evaluate the approach with 100,000 patients' identifiers and demographics from the Vanderbilt University Medical Center. We demonstrate that the private approximation method achieves sensitivity that is, on average, 3% higher than previous methods.
Targeted gadolinium-loaded dendrimer nanoparticles for tumor-specific magnetic resonance contrast enhancement (2008)

A target-specific MRI contrast agent for tumor cells expressing high affinity folate receptor was synthesized using generation five (G5) ofpolyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer. Surface modified dendrimer was functionalized for targeting with folic acid (FA) and the remaining terminal primary amines of the dendrimer were conjugated with the bifunctional NCS-DOTA chelator that forms stable complexes with gadolinium (Gd III). Dendrimer-DOTA conjugates were then complexed with GdCl3 followed by ICP-OES as well as MRI measurement of their longitudinal relaxivity (T1 s(-1) mM(-1)) of water. In xenograft tumors established in immunodeficient (SCID) mice with KB human epithelial cancer cells expressing folate receptor (FAR), the 3D MRI results showed specific and statistically significant signal enhancement in tumors generated with targeted Gd(III)-DOTA-G5-FA compared with signal generated by non-targeted Gd(III)-DOTA-G5 contrast nanoparticle. The targeted dendrimer contrast nanoparticles infiltrated tumor and were retained in tumor cells up to 48 hours post-injection of targeted contrast nanoparticle. The presence of folic acid on the dendrimer resulted in specific delivery of the nanoparticle to tissues and xenograft tumor cells expressing folate receptor in vivo. We present the specificity of the dendrimer nanoparticles for targeted cancer imaging with the prolonged clearance time compared with the current clinically approved gadodiamide (Omniscan) contrast agent. Potential application of this approach may include determination of the folate receptor status of tumors and monitoring of drug therapy.
Germacrene A Is a Product of the Aristolochene Synthase-Mediated Conversion of Farnesylpyrophosphate to Aristolochene (2002)

The biosynthesis of several sesquiterpenes has been proposed to proceed via germacrene A. However, to date, the production of germacrene A has not been proven directly for any of the sesquiterpene synthases for which it was postulated as an intermediate. We demonstrate here for the first time that significant amounts of germacrene A (7.5% of the total amount of products) are indeed released from wild-type aristolochene synthase (AS) from Penicillium roqueforti. Germacrene A was identified through direct GC-MS comparison to an authentic sample and through production of beta-elemene in a thermal Cope rearrangement. AS also produced a small amount of valencene through deprotonation of C6 rather than C8 in the final step of the reaction. On the basis of the X-ray structure of AS, Tyr 92 was postulated to be the active-site acid responsible for protonation of germacrene A (Caruthers, J. M.; Kang, I.; Rynkiewicz, M. J.; Cane, D. E.; Christianson, D. W. J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275, 25533-25539). The CD spectra of a mutant protein, ASY92F, in which Tyr 92 was replaced by Phe, and of AS were very similar. ASY92F was approximately 0.1% as active as nonmutated recombinant AS. The steady-state kinetic parameters were measured as 0.138 min(-1) and 0.189 mM for k(cat) and K(M), respectively. Similar to a mutant protein of 5-epi-aristolochene (Rising, K. A.; Starks, C. M.; Noel, J. P.; Chappell, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 1861-1866), the mutant released significant amounts of germacrene A (approximately 29%). ASY92F also produced various amounts of a further five hydrocarbons of molecular weight 204, valencene, beta-(E)-farnesene, alpha- and beta-selinene, and selina-4,11-diene.
Tissue-specific regulation of erythropoietin production in the murine kidney, brain, and uterus (2000)

Erythropoietin (Epo) produced by the kidney regulates erythropoiesis. Recent evidence suggests that Epo in the cerebrum prevents neuron death and Epo in the uterus induces estrogen (E(2))-dependent uterine angiogenesis. To elucidate how Epo expression is regulated in these tissues, ovariectomized mice were given E(2) and/or exposed to hypoxia, and the temporal patterns of Epo mRNA levels were examined. Epo mRNA levels in the kidney and cerebrum were elevated markedly within 4 h after exposure to hypoxia. Although the elevated level of Epo mRNA in the kidney decreased markedly within 8 h despite continuous hypoxia, the high level in the cerebrum was sustained for > or = 24 h, indicating that downregulation operates in the kidney but not in the brain. E(2) transiently induced Epo mRNA in the uterus but not in the kidney and cerebrum. Interestingly, the uterine Epo mRNA was hypoxia inducible only in the presence of E(2). Thus Epo expression appears to be regulated in a tissue-specific manner, endorsing the tissue-specific functions of Epo.
<title>Adaptive ground bounce removal</title> (2002)

For downward looking GPR landmine detection systems, the return from the ground surface, i.e., the ground bounce, often surpasses the actual mine return and makes it almost impossible to detect the landmines, especially the buried plastic landmines. The ground bounce is difficult to remove due to the roughness of the ground surface and/or the changing soil conditions. In this paper, a robust and efficient ground bounce removal algorithm, referred to as ASaS (Adaptive Shift and Scale), is presented. ASaS takes into account the variations of the ground bounce by adaptively selecting a reference ground bounce. The shifted and scaled version of the reference ground bounce is used as the estimate of the ground bounce in the current scan. Two adaptive reference selection schemes for ASaS are given and compared with each other. Experimental results based on the data collected by the PSI GPSAR system are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive schemes.
Association of S100A4 and osteopontin with specific prognostic factors and survival of patients with minimally invasive breast cancer. (2006)

It is suggested that in human breast cancer, S100A4 exerts some of its effects through angiogenesis, and that osteopontin is dependent on ERalpha for its expression.
The new program/erase cycling degradation mechanism of NAND flash memory devices (2009)

NAND memory cells scaled to 51–32 nm, when they receive stress due to program and erase cycles, not only reveal a gradual positive shift of a midgap voltage in a program state along the number of program and erase cycles but also possess inverse relationship between degradation of subthreshold swing values due to the cycling stress and their initial swing values. These properties were absent in the memory cells larger than 70 nm. A new reliability model is proposed based on non-uniform distribution of negative oxide charges which are generated much more near to floating gate edges than to the center due to the cycling stress. It is shown that the non-uniformly distributed charges hinder erase currents while leave program currents intact, leading to the positive midgap voltage shift in a program state. The dense oxide charges near the gate edges significantly influence source/drain junction potential, resulting in observed degradation of subthreshold swing values.
[Purification and properties of L-glutamine and L-asparagine deaminase from Pseudomonas aurantiaca IBPM-14]. (1976)

An enzymic preparation of L-glutamine and L-asparagine deamidase was obtained from Pseudomonas auractiaca IBPM B-14. The preparation was purified 100--150-fold by thermal treatment and chromotography on columns with biogel P-150 and DEAE-cellulose. The enzymic activity was measured by the methods of hydroxylaminolysis and direct nesslerization. The deamidase preparation had an activity of 51 i. u. by glutamine and 15 i. e. by asparagine. Evidence on the pH effect on the deamidase activity was accumulated.
A New and Efficient Synthesis of 6-O-Methylscutellarein, the Major Metabolite of the Natural Medicine Scutellarin (2015)

In this paper, a new and efficient synthesis of 6-O-methylscutellarein (3), the major metabolite of the natural medicine scutellarin, is reported. Two hydroxyl groups at C-4' and C-7 in 2 were selectively protected by chloromethyl methyl ether after the reaction conditions were optimized, then 6-O-methyl-scutellarein (3) was produced in high yield after methylation of the hydroxyl group at C-6 and subsequent deprotection of the two methyl ether groups.