gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accuracy considerations in catheter based estimation of left ventricular volume (2010)

Cardiac volume estimation in the Left Ventricle from impedance or admittance measurement is subject to two major sources of error: parallel current pathways in surrounding tissues and a non uniform current density field. The accuracy of volume estimation can be enhanced by incorporating the complex electrical properties of myocardium to identify the muscle component in the measurement and by including the transient nature of the field non uniformity. Cardiac muscle is unique in that the permittivity is high enough at audio frequencies to make the muscle component of the signal identifiable in the imaginary part of an admittance measurement. The muscle contribution can thus be uniquely identified and removed from the combined muscle - blood measurement. In general, both error sources are transient and are best removed in real time as data are collected. This paper reviews error correction methods and establishes that the relative magnitudes of the error concerns are different in small and large hearts.
Monolithic Integration of Microfluidics and Optoelectronics for Biological Analysis (2004)

Abstract : We have integrated microfluidic structures with optoelectronic lasers in the same device. Very sensitive and ultra-small laser sensors could be connected to fluidic systems by using microfluidic multiplexing technology and replication molded microfluidic chips. The basis of our sensor is a two-dimensional photonic crystal laser with an unusual cavity geometry that permits the introduction of analyte into the highest optical field region. This photonic crystal laser sensor can measure parts per million changes in the refractive index in volumes of several femtoliters, and is the home run we were looking for. We have used our microfluidic systems to perform a large number of analytical tasks, such as cell sorting, protein synthesis and even polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA. The photonc crystal laser sensors were also tested in different solutions, and their performance was calibrated by using standard index matching fluids, showing a linear response of the lasing frequency with changes in the refractive index. The fluidic delivery system together with the napo-spectroscopy tools developed in this program led to the possibility of interrogating and testing of picoliter volumes of solution with femtoliter sensitivity on compact and robust micro-chips.
Highlight lines for conveying shape (2007)

Recent work has shown that sparse lines defined on 3D shapes, including occluding contours and suggestive contours, are effective at conveying shape. We introduce two new families of lines called suggestive highlights and principal highlights, based on definitions related to suggestive contours and geometric creases. We show that when these are drawn in white on a gray background they are naturally interpreted as highlight lines, and complement contours and suggestive contours. We provide object-space definitions and algorithms for extracting these lines, explore several stylization possibilities, and compare the lines to ridges and valleys of intensity in diffuse-shaded images.
Human embryonic stem cell–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (2011)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) originally isolated from marrow have multipotent differentiation potential and favorable immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that make them very attractive for regenerative cellular therapy. Cells with similar phenotypic characteristics have now been derived from almost all fetal, neonatal, and adult tissues; furthermore, more recently similar cells have also been generated from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Generation of MSCs from human ESCs provides an opportunity to study the developmental biology of human mesenchymal lineage generation in vitro. Generation of bone and cartilage from human ESC-derived MSCs and their functional characterization, both in vitro and in vivo, is also an active area of investigation as ESCs could provide an unlimited source of MSCs for potential repair of bone and cartilage defects. MSCs from adult sources are being investigated in numerous Phase I-III clinical trials for a wide variety of indications, mainly based on their immunomodulatory properties. Our group and others have shown MSCs derived from human ESCs possess immunomodulatory properties similar to marrow-derived MSCs. Immunomodulatory properties of ESC-derived MSCs could prove to be highly valuable for their potential clinical applications in the future as derivatives of human ESCs have already entered clinical arena in the context of Phase I clinical trials.
Elementary Gestalts for Gesture Sonification (2008)

In this paper, we investigate the relationships between gesture and
sound by means of an elementary gesture sonification. This work
takes inspiration from Bauhaus’ ideals and Paul Klee’s
investigation into forms and pictorial representation. In line with
these ideas, the main aim of this work is to reduce gesture to a
combination of a small number of elementary components
(gestalts) used to control a corresponding small set of sounds. By
means of a demonstrative tool, we introduce here a line of
research that is at its initial stage. The envisaged goal of future
developments is a novel system that could be a
composing/improvising tool as well as an interface for interactive
dance and performance.
The Educational and Occupational Expectations of Rural Ohio Tenth- and Twelfth-Grade Students. (1988)

The major purpose of this study was to identify the educational and occupational expectations of rural Ohio tenth- and twelfth-grade secondary school students. Extent to which relationships existed between the educational and occupational expectations of these students and personal, family, and school characteristics were also investigated. Using a researcher developed questionnaire, usable data were collected from 491 tenth- and twelfth-grade students. Results of this study indicated that rural students had educational and occupational expectations that were higher than the attainments of their parents. Over 60 percent of the students reported that they were likely to attend college. Students expected to enter occupations with much higher status scores than the occupations in which their parents were presently employed. Educational and occupational expectations of the rural students were found to have low to substantial associations with gender, type of high school program enrollment, high school grade point average, parental occupations, parental education attainments, and parental expectations. Education in the United States, provided in large part by rural schools, has furnished the social, academic, technological and economic foundations that have allowed this country to prosper. &quot;As late as 1913, one-half of the school children in the United States were enrolled in the
Streptomycin resistance in <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i> subsp. <i>michiganensis</i> strains from Chile is related to an <i>rpsL</i> gene mutation (2018)

Streptomycin has been used for decades in Chile to control Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), the causal agent of tomato bacterial canker. The aim of this work was to evaluate streptomycin resistance and to analyse the presence of resistance‐related genes in Cmm strains from Chile. A collection of 25 Cmm strains isolated from different localities in central Chile between 1996 and 2015 was analysed. Minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) of streptomycin was determined. A search of streptomycin resistance‐related genes was carried out in Cmm genomes, and the presence of these genes was studied in all Chilean strains using PCR and sequencing techniques. MIC results showed that four of 25 strains were highly sensitive to streptomycin, with MIC values <2 μg mL −1 . The remaining 21 strains possessed MIC of streptomycin ≥100 μg mL −1 . The strB gene, encoding an aminoglycoside 6‐phosphotransferase that inactivates streptomycin, was detected in all Chilean strains, including sensitive and resistant strains. In the 21 resistant strains, a mutation in codon 43 of the rpsL gene was determined, conferring high streptomycin resistance. Interestingly, the four streptomycin‐sensitive Cmm strains did not possess this mutation. This study proposes that the continuous use of streptomycin leads to emergence of resistant Cmm strains, challenging researchers to look for novel alternatives to control this plant pathogenic bacterium.
Sensitivity of cyclin E-overexpressing cells to cisplatin/taxol combinations. (2000)

Combinations of anticancer drugs, referred to as "combinatorial" chemotherapy, is often used in the treatment of cancer patients. Recent advances in our understanding of cell cycle and cellular stress responses may be viewed in the context of responses to anticancer drugs. A desired outcome is cell death preferentially occurring in cancer cells. We report that cyclin E, an oncogene that is deregulated in breast and other human cancers, can sensitize cancer cells to cisplatin/taxol combinations. The drug combination may selectively induce apoptosis in cyclin E-overexpressing cells.
Effects of Microencapsulation of Hydrogen Storage Alloy on the Performances of Sealed Nickel/Metal Hydride Batteries (1987)

Particles of hydrogen storage alloy was microencapsulated with porous thin film (about one micron thickness) of copper. The microencapsulated alloy powder was used as an anode material in a sealed nickel/metal hydride battery. The battery characteristics were compared with those of a battery with a bare (noncoated) alloy anode. The battery using the copper coated alloy had about a four times longer cycle life than the one using the bare alloy due to the role of copper as an oxygen barrier for protecting the alloy surface from oxidation. In addition, charge‐discharge characteristics were improved greatly by the copper coating, especially at high rates and at low temperatures due to the role of copper as a microcurrent collector for facilitating charge transfer reaction on the alloy surface. Thus, the microencapsulation of the alloy powder improves the performances of the alloy electrode. The 0.2C discharge voltage was 1.26V at 20°C. The coulombic efficiencies were; 94% at 0.2C rate and at 20°C, 90% at 0.5C rate and at 0°C. The discharge capacity decreased at the temperatures above 40°C at which the equilibrium pressure of hydrogen absorption exceeded an internal pressure of the battery. The charge retention was 65% after a storage for 30 days at 20°C.
Identification of the transforming <i>STRN-ALK</i> fusion as a potential therapeutic target in the aggressive forms of thyroid cancer (2014)

Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy that encompasses well-differentiated as well as dedifferentiated cancer types. The latter tumors have high mortality and lack effective therapies. Using a paired-end RNA-sequencing approach, we report the discovery of rearrangements involving the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in thyroid cancer. The most common of these involves a fusion between ALK and the striatin (STRN) gene, which is the result of a complex rearrangement involving the short arm of chromosome 2. STRN-ALK leads to constitutive activation of ALK kinase via dimerization mediated by the coiled-coil domain of STRN and to a kinase-dependent, thyroid-stimulating hormone-independent proliferation of thyroid cells. Moreover, expression of STRN-ALK transforms cells in vitro and induces tumor formation in nude mice. The kinase activity of STRN-ALK and the ALK-induced cell growth can be blocked by the ALK inhibitors crizotinib and TAE684. In addition to well-differentiated papillary cancer, STRN-ALK was found with a higher prevalence in poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers, and it did not overlap with other known driver mutations in these tumors. Our data demonstrate that STRN-ALK fusion occurs in a subset of patients with highly aggressive types of thyroid cancer and provide initial evidence suggesting that it may represent a therapeutic target for these patients.
Bi-Directional Activation Between Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and T Lymphocytes: Role in Induction of Altered Airway Responsiveness (2001)

Because both T lymphocyte and airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell activation are events fundamentally implicated in the pathobiology of asthma, this study tested the hypothesis that cooperative intercellular signaling between activated T cells and ASM cells mediates proasthmatic changes in ASM responsiveness. Contrasting the lack of effect of resting human T cells, anti-CD3-activated T cells were found to adhere to the surface of naive human ASM cells, increase ASM CD25 cell surface expression, and induce increased constrictor responsiveness to acetylcholine and impaired relaxation responsiveness to isoproterenol in isolated rabbit ASM tissues. Comparably, exposure of resting T cells to ASM cells prestimulated with IgE immune complexes reciprocally elicited T cell adhesion to ASM cells and up-regulated T cell expression of CD25. Extended studies demonstrated that: 1) ASM cells express mRNAs and proteins for the cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)/costimulatory molecules, CD40, CD40L, CD80, CD86, ICAM-1 (CD54), and LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18); 2) apart from LFA-1, ASM cell surface expression of the latter molecules is up-regulated in the presence of activated T cells; and 3) pretreatment of ASM cells and tissues with mAbs directed either against CD11a or the combination of CD40 and CD86 completely abrogated both the activated T cell-induced changes in expression of the above CAMs/costimulatory molecules in ASM cells and altered ASM tissue responsiveness. Collectively, these observations identify the presence of bi-directional cross-talk between activated T cells and ASM cells that involves coligation of specific CAMs/costimulatory molecules, and this cooperative intercellular signaling mediates the induction of proasthmatic-like changes in ASM responsiveness.
Knowledge-Rich Word Sense Disambiguation Rivaling Supervised Systems (2010)

One of the main obstacles to highperformance Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is the knowledge acquisition bottleneck. In this paper, we present a methodology to automatically extend WordNet with large amounts of semantic relations from an encyclopedic resource, namely Wikipedia. We show that, when provided with a vast amount of high-quality semantic relations, simple knowledge-lean disambiguation algorithms compete with state-of-the-art supervised WSD systems in a coarse-grained all-words setting and outperform them on gold-standard domain-specific datasets. 1
Early statistical detection of anthrax outbreaks by tracking over-the-counter medication sales (2002)

The recent series of anthrax attacks has reinforced the importance of biosurveillance systems for the timely detection of epidemics. This paper describes a statistical framework for monitoring grocery data to detect a large-scale but localized bioterrorism attack. Our system illustrates the potential of data sources that may be more timely than traditional medical and public health data. The system includes several layers, each customized to grocery data and tuned to finding footprints of an epidemic. We also propose an evaluation methodology that is suitable in the absence of data on large-scale bioterrorist attacks and disease outbreaks.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Y[sub 2]O[sub 3]∕ZrO[sub 2] Nanolaminates (2007)

We report on the growth and electrochemical properties of nanoscale yttria-zirconia alloys synthesized using a laminate approach via atomic layer deposition. We observed metal oxide layer interdiffusion in relatively long-period nanolaminates by depth profiling analysis after anneals. Short-period nanolaminates were amorphous as deposited but appeared to be completely interdiffused with a polycrystalline, tetragonal structure after similar anneals. Electrochemical characterization of annealed, short-period nanolaminate yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films containing (3YSZ) indicated significant enhancement of total electrical conductivity compared to reported bulk values for this composition.
System LSI Design with C-based Behavioral Synthesis and Verification (2005)

The paper presents the effects of system LSI design with C language-based behavioral synthesis. The proposed C-based tool flow and how to synthesize and verify an entire system LSI are explained. The merits of behavioral synthesizable modules and configurable processors are then discussed.
Endothelium-Restricted Overexpression of Human Endothelin-1 Causes Vascular Remodeling and Endothelial Dysfunction (2004)

In this new murine model of endothelium-restricted human preproET-1 overexpression, ET-1 caused structural remodeling and endothelial dysfunction of resistance vessels, consistent with a direct nonhemodynamic effect of ET-1 on the vasculature, at least in part through the activation of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase.
Strength of Three New Types of Composite Beams (1965)

Although composite construction is not new, having been in use in this country since the late 1930s, it owes its current popularity in building construction to relatively recent developments. Since the advantages of composite construction—reduced weight of steel, smaller live load deflection, or decreased depth of members—are most pronounced in long spans and for heavy loads, most of the early work was done in the bridge field. However, neither the original nor the revised provisions on composite construction in the specifications of the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO), which were written specifically for bridges, were directly applicable to building construction because of the different nature of the problems involved.
Synergy matrices to estimate fluid wrist movements by surface electromyography (2011)

Although many efforts have been undertaken to develop an interface using surface electromyography (sEMG) to connect the gap between a human and a wrist prosthesis, most of these efforts have offered only static positioning (ON/OFF) of the prosthesis. This study introduced synergy matrices to extract fluid wrist movement intents by sEMG to allow individuals with wrist amputations to use wrist prostheses. A non-negative muscle synergy matrix was used to map muscle activities in the forearm into four predefined wrist movement intents (flexion/extension and radial/ulnar deviation). The directions of the predefined intents were constrained to two perpendicular axes, so each movement spanned only a one-dimensional space. A joint synergy matrix was used to span the whole two-dimensional space by combining the four wrist movement intents. Ten healthy subjects volunteered for a validation experiment, which was built as a virtual environment in which people with wrist amputation could receive myoelectric control training. The results showed that proportional two-degree-of-freedom (DOF) movements could be estimated by sEMG. This work could be useful not only for wrist prostheses but also for alternative computer interfaces and studies to examine motor adaptation by sEMG.
Syntheses of Nuclear-substituted Flavonoids and Allied Compounds. IX. Syntheses of Tetramethyl Ether and Dimethyl Ether of Ginkgetin (1962)

2-Acetyl-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl 3-iodoanisate (X) and its 6-iodo isomer (XT) were 1 espectively isomerized to diketones (XII, XIII) by means of potassium hydroxide in pyridine, and then cyclized to flavone compounds (XIV, XV), which were finally condensed each other to biflavonyl (XVI) by refluxing in dimethylformamide for 4 hours in the presence of activated natural copper powder. The yield of crude product was 28%. Biflavonyl (XVI) was demethylated to (XVII), when it was treated with aluminum chloride in nitrobenzene at 110°for 1 hour (XVI) and (XVII) were identified respectively with tetramethyl ether and dimethyl ether of ginkgetin in C, H-analyses, mixed melting points and infrared absorption spectra.
Resveratrol, a multitargeted agent, can enhance antitumor activity of gemcitabine <i>in vitro</i> and in orthotopic mouse model of human pancreatic cancer (2010)

Gemcitabine, while a standard treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer (PaCa), alone is not very effective. New agents that are safe and effective are highly needed. Resveratrol is one such agent which is safe and multitargeted; and has been linked with suppression of survival, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of cancer. Whether resveratrol can sensitize PaCa to gemcitabine in vitro and in vivo was investigated. We established PaCa xenografts in nude mice, randomized into 4 groups, and treated with vehicle, gemcitabine, resveratrol and with combination. Modulation of NF-kappaB and markers of proliferation, angiogenesis and invasion were ascertained using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Resveratrol inhibited the proliferation of 4 different human PaCa cell lines, synergized the apoptotic effects of gemcitabine, inhibited the constitutive activation of NF-kappaB and expression of bcl-2, bcl-xL, COX-2, cyclin D1 MMP-9 and VEGF. In an orthotopic model of human PaCa, we found that resveratrol significantly suppressed the growth of the tumor (p < 0.001) and this effect was further enhanced by gemcitabine (p < 0.001). Both the markers of proliferation index Ki-67 and the micro vessel density CD31 were significantly downregulated in tumor tissue by the combination of gemcitabine and resveratrol (p < 0.001 vs. control; p < 0.01 vs. gemcitabine). As compared to vehicle control, resveratrol also suppressed the NF-kappaB activation and expression of cyclin D1, COX-2, ICAM-1, MMP-9 and survivin. Overall our results demonstrate that resveratrol can potentiate the effects of gemcitabine through suppression of markers of proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis.
Real-Time Multi-scale Action Detection from 3D Skeleton Data (2015)

In this paper we introduce a real-time system for action detection. The system uses a small set of robust features extracted from 3D skeleton data. Features are effectively described based on the probability distribution of skeleton data. The descriptor computes a pyramid of sample covariance matrices and mean vectors to encode the relationship between the features. For handling the intra-class variations of actions, such as action temporal scale variations, the descriptor is computed using different window scales for each action. Discriminative elements of the descriptor are mined using feature selection. The system achieves accurate detection results on difficult unsegmented sequences. Experiments on MSRC-12 and G3D datasets show that the proposed system outperforms the state-of-the-art in detection accuracy with very low latency. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose using multi-scale description in action detection from 3D skeleton data.