gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue-specific expression and environmental regulation of the barley Hvhsp 17 gene promoter in transgenic tobacco plants (1996)

The 5' upstream region ( — 1700 to +1) of the barley Hvhspi7 gene, inducible by heat shock in young barley seedlings, was transcriptionally fused with the /7-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. A 2 kb fragment, carrying the CaMV35S promoter, intron 1 from ADH gene of maize, and the BAR gene, was excised from plasmid pBARGUS (Fromm era/., 1990) and the dual expression vector pBARHSGUS was created. Plasmid pBARHSGUS was used to transform tobacco protoplasts via PEGmediated direct DNA uptake. Four chosen transgenic tobacco plants containing from 1 to 5 integrated copies of the chimeric GUS gene (confirmed by PCR and Southern analyses) were further analysed. Histochemical and fluorimetrical analyses were performed in various plant tissues after thermal induction and other environmental treatments. The results obtained show that the chimeric pHS/GUS fusion was not only induced by heat treatment, but also regulated by some metal ions, and abscisic acid. Furthermore, /?-glucuronidase expression in transgenic tobacco was strictly tissue-specific, being restricted to the vascular boundles of the xylematic component in the stem and petioles, and absent in any other tissue, with the exception (in one case), of a faint signal in the inner tissue of the style. It was therefore demonstrated that the 1700 bp upstream region of the monocot heat shock gene Hvhsp17 was capable of driving a heatinducible tissue-specific expression of the marker GUS gene in a heterologous dicot plant.
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: ultrastructural evidence for a selective release of eosinophil major basic protein. (1988)

Ultrastructural study of mucosal eosinophils in a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis involving stomach, duodenum and ileum showed an altered structure in ulcerated duodenal areas. The electron core density of eosinophil granules was inverted or disappeared and tubulovesicular structures occurred. Using immunogold staining with specific antibodies, major basic protein was detected diffusely in the matrix of eosinophil granules and out of the granules in tight association with extragranular membrane formations. In contrast, eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil peroxidase were normally distributed in the granule matrix. When compared with the eosinophils in macroscopically normal duodenal mucosa in the same patient, these changes support a role for major basic protein in tissue damage in eosinophilic gastroenteritis. The diffusion of one granule protein from the granules to the exterior of the cells favours the view of a selective release of eosinophil mediators.
At least two regions of the viral genome determine the oncogenic potential of avian leukosis viruses. (1982)

Recombinants of oncogenic and nononcogenic avian leukosis viruses were tested for their oncogenic potential in chickens. The results indicate that at least two regions of the viral genome determine the oncogenic potential of these viruses. The first region contains sequences that control viral mRNA synthesis. These sequences determine the potential of a virus to induce a low incidence of lymphomas, carcinomas, chondrosarcomas, fibrosarcomas, and osteopetrosis. The second region lies outside the sequences that control viral mRNAs synthesis. These sequences determine the ability of a virus to induce a high incidence of lymphomas or osteopetrosis.
Detection of internal arcing faults in distribution transformers (2011)

Utilities are continually looking for ways to increase safety, reliability, and line crew productivity in the distribution system. One area that is now capable of meeting these goals is the rapid detection of internal faults in pole top and pad mounted distribution transformers. This paper will cover a technical overview of internal faults in distribution transformers, and current industry practices used to troubleshoot and identify faulted transformers. It will also describe recent advances in internal fault detection technology for distribution transformers, as well as the bottom line economic impact of using rapid fault detection to provide a smarter distribution system in terms of safety, reliability, and productivity.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS (1949)

REVIEWS OF BOOKS Get access Brahms. By Peter Latham. ( ‘Master Musicians’ series.) pp. 230. (Dent, London, 1948.) 7s. 6d. D. McV D. McV Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Music and Letters, Volume XXX, Issue 2, April 1949, Pages 153–154, https://doi.org/10.1093/ml/XXX.2.153 Published: 01 April 1949
Diphosphonates Inhibit Hydroxyapatite Dissolution in vitro and Bone Resorption in Tissue Culture and in vivo (1969)

Two diphosphonates containing the P-C-P bond, Cl(2)C(PO(3)HNa)(2), and H(2)C(PO(3)HNa)(2) retard the rate of dissolution of apatite crystals in vitro. They inhibit bone resorption induced by parathyroid extract in mouse calvaria in tissue culture and in thyroparathyroidectomized rats in vivo.
Enhancing Recurrent Neural Networks with Positional Attention for Question Answering (2017)

Attention based recurrent neural networks (RNN) have shown a great success for question answering (QA) in recent years. Although significant improvements have been achieved over the non-attentive models, the position information is not well studied within the attention-based framework. Motivated by the effectiveness of using the word positional context to enhance information retrieval, we assume that if a word in the question (i.e., question word) occurs in an answer sentence, the neighboring words should be given more attention since they intuitively contain more valuable information for question answering than those far away. Based on this assumption, we propose a positional attention based RNN model, which incorporates the positional context of the question words into the answers' attentive representations. Experiments on two benchmark datasets show the great advantages of our proposed model. Specifically, we achieve a maximum improvement of 8.83% over the classical attention based RNN model in terms of mean average precision. Furthermore, our model is comparable to if not better than the state-of-the-art approaches for question answering.
A low power four transistor Schmitt Trigger for asymmetric double gate fully depleted SOI devices (2003)

In this paper, we present a novel low power 4 Transistor Schmitt Trigger (4T-ST) for asymmetric double gate fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (DGFDSOI) devices. The new ST is compared to conventional 6 Transistor Schmitt Trigger (6T-ST) scheme realized with symmetric (SymD) and asymmetric devices (AsymDs). Power dissipation and gate area are reduced by switching from conventional scheme to proposed scheme at iso noise-immunity (isoNT) and comparable delay.
Requirements For Resolution (2009)

Every seismic survey has resolution objectives for the final 3D migrated image. Temporal resolution cannot be considered separately from spatial resolution. This would be true even for the case of continuous functions. But in the world of sampled data, the interrelationship is even stronger. A result is that in order to achieve a desired temporal resolution, the most key parameter can sometimes be the spatial sampling interval. If that interval does indeed need to be small, one immediate implication is that very accurate coordinate information is needed for the source and receiver positions. Theoretically this is not a problem in onshore surveys, but it is a little more challenging offshore. Another immediate implication is that a dramatic increase in the number of shots and/or the use of high channel-count systems can be required for the data acquisition. Assessing the resolution obtainable from such candidate survey designs can be accomplished by modeling. Examples are provided.
Control of Salmonella and Campylobacter in Poultry Production. A Summary of Work at Russell Research Center (1993)

The primary mission of the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Microbiological Safety Research Unit is to develop technology preventing commensal intestinal colonization of chickens by human bacterial enteropathogens, including Salmonella and Campylobacter. The different mechanisms of colonization and the wide variety of sources of these pathogens combined with the different factors that affect host susceptibility to colonization indicate that a multifaceted research approach will be required to control Salmonella and Campylobacter during poultry production. The working hypothesis is that only by delivering chickens free of Salmonella or Campylobacter to the processing plant can significant reductions in the number and levels of contamination of chickens leaving the plant with these pathogens be achieved. As the means are developed to substantially reduce or eliminate the intestinal colonization of chickens by these pathogens, the pathogen-free chickens can be delivered to the processing plant, thereby eliminating or at least reducing the prevalence and levels of Salmonella on processed broilers.
Mining email social networks (2006)

Communication & Co-ordination activities are central to large software projects, but are difficult to observe and study in traditional (closed-source, commercial) settings because of the prevalence of informal, direct communication modes. OSS projects, on the other hand, use the internet as the communication medium,and typically conduct discussions in an open, public manner. As a result, the email archives of OSS projects provide a useful trace of the communication and co-ordination activities of the participants. However, there are various challenges that must be addressed before this data can be effectively mined. Once this is done, we can construct social networks of email correspondents, and begin to address some interesting questions. These include questions relating to participation in the email; the social status of different types of OSS participants; the relationship of email activity and commit activity (in the CVS repositories) and the relationship of social status with commit activity. In this paper, we begin with a discussion of our infrastructure (including a novel use of Scientific Workflow software) and then discuss our approach to mining the email archives; and finally we present some preliminary results from our data analysis.
Direct sequence CDMA technology and its application to future portable multimedia communication systems (2002)

The design of flexible and efficient future mobile communication systems is a major challenge. The Walkstation Project involves researchers from different areas in order to find a solution via a global system approach. An important task is the investigation of new digital, highly integrated radio interfaces with low cost, small size and low power consumption based on direct sequence CDMA. The simplicity of the design of both the analog and digital parts will allow low power operation and small area in an eventual BiCMOS implementation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Update on the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis (2008)

Future studies are required to look at these agents in combination to see whether anti-fracture efficacy can be improved.
DEK-targeting DNA aptamers as therapeutics for inflammatory arthritis (2017)

Novel therapeutics are required for improving the management of chronic inflammatory diseases. Aptamers are single-stranded RNA or DNA molecules that have recently shown utility in a clinical setting, as they can specifically neutralize biomedically relevant proteins, particularly cell surface and extracellular proteins. The nuclear chromatin protein DEK is a secreted chemoattractant that is abundant in the synovia of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Here, we show that DEK is crucial to the development of arthritis in mouse models, thus making it an appropriate target for aptamer-based therapy. Genetic depletion of DEK or treatment with DEK-targeted aptamers significantly reduces joint inflammation in vivo and greatly impairs the ability of neutrophils to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). DEK is detected in spontaneously forming NETs from JIA patient synovial neutrophils, and DEK-targeted aptamers reduce NET formation. DEK is thus key to joint inflammation, and anti-DEK aptamers hold promise for the treatment of JIA and other types of arthritis.
Sensor Technologies for Direct Health Monitoring of Tires (2008)

Abstract Structural health monitoring of tires is increasingly becoming very important and a number of studies have been or are being conducted to develop appropriate means to accomplish this very difficult task. A key to achieving this goal would be the development of appropriate sensors for predicting, and thus ultimately preventing, onset of failure in tires. The failure modes in tires are many and it may require a large number of sensors to detect onset of these failure modes. This article summarizes some of the sensors that are currently available for sensing strain in tires. Specifically, we review noncontacting sensors such as the sidewall torsion sensor, the developments of the Apollo project, a laser‐sensing system, micropower impulse radar, ultrawideband (UWB) radar–based health monitoring, chromasonic sensors based on acoustic emission, acceleration sensing, force/friction sensing, and strain sensing.
Purification of 6N Aluminum by Ultrahigh-Vacuum Melting (2012)

To improve the purity of 6N-grade aluminum, it was melted in a vacuum of 3–6 × 10−6 Pa for 30 min and solidified gradually. The melted samples were cut into several pieces and the residual impurities of each portion were analyzed by glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS). The residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of each portion was also measured and the relationship between RRR and residual impurities was investigated. The purity of the melted sample was improved in comparison with that of the raw material, and the measured RRR was almost doubled to 40000. GDMS analysis revealed that the concentration of the elements with partition coefficient k < 1 was markedly reduced, whereas that of the elements with k > 1 was not reduced. While each impurity concentration ratio in this study is about one-tenth of that in our previous report, the purification efficiency of each element in this study and that in the previous report were in good agreement. Although the values of RRR estimated from composition analysis were larger than the measured RRR values, both exhibited similar tendencies with regard to the specimen position and also corresponded well with impurity distribution.
A Trust Region Algorithm for Nonlinearly Constrained Optimization (1987)

We present a trust region-based method for the general nonlinearly equality constrained optimization problem. The method works by iteratively minimizing a quadratic model of the Lagrangian subject to a possibly relaxed linearization of the problem constraints and a trust region constraint. The model minimization may be done approximately with a dogleg-type approach. We show that this method is globally convergent even if singular or indefinite Hessian approximations are made. A second order correction step that brings the iterates closer to the feasible set is described. If sufficiently precise Hessian information is used, this correction step allows us to prove that the method is also locally quadratically convergent, and that the limit satisfies the second order necessary conditions for constrained optimization. An example is given to show that, without this correction, a situation similar to the Maratos effect may occur where the iteration is unable to move away from a saddle point.
Cricking (2013)

The popularization of eCommerce has led to effective customer shopping experiences. Pervasive computing could bring the benefits of eCommerce to brick and mortar stores, merging both online and physical worlds into a unique system. We define crick as the extension of the (c)lick and b(rick) concept, by means of pervasive technologies. In this paper, we summarize our work-in-progress research on using pervasive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to sense human-product interaction. These cricks can be performed through diverse interfaces in the retail domain, and automatically receive feedback in different manners. We believe that integrating RFID and other pervasive technologies in retail stores is the next step to obtain comprehensive customer's user models and preferences. Retail management improvement, or personal and collaborative recommendations, are envisioned to be successful applications of cricking.
Catalytic Kinetic Resolution of Cyclic Secondary Amines (2011)

The catalytic resolution of racemic cyclic amines has been achieved by an enantioselective amidation reaction featuring an achiral N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst and a new chiral hydroxamic acid cocatalyst working in concert. The reactions proceed at room temperature, do not generate nonvolatile byproducts, and provide enantioenriched amines by aqueous extraction.
Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of S1110 Diesel Engine Body (2012)

In order to reduce the mass ratio of S1110 diesel engine, structural intensity and stiffness analysis are performed on the assembly parts of engine body by using the finite element method. Through comparative analysis of more than one calculation scheme, optimization scheme has been got. To ensure the intensity and stiffness of the engine body is not reduced under the premise, optimization scheme makes the body mass greatly reduced from the original engine body’s 38kg to 13.8kg and the engine mass ratio is reduced from 13.2kg/kW to 11.81kg/kW. The results show that, changing the body material from cast iron materials to cast aluminum materials, the body stress distribution trends are similar, but the cast aluminum body deformation increases; increasing the number of cylinder head bolts to 6 can reduce the deformation of the cylinder liner; a reasonable set of stiffeners can reduce the bearing bore deformation.
Intestinal monocytes and macrophages are required for T cell polarization in response to <i>Citrobacter rodentium</i> (2013)

Dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, and macrophages are closely related phagocytes that share many phenotypic features and, in some cases, a common developmental origin. Although the requirement for DCs in initiating adaptive immune responses is well appreciated, the role of monocytes and macrophages remains largely undefined, in part because of the lack of genetic tools enabling their specific depletion. Here, we describe a two-gene approach that requires overlapping expression of LysM and Csf1r to define and deplete monocytes and macrophages. The role of monocytes and macrophages in immunity to pathogens was tested by their selective depletion during infection with Citrobacter rodentium. Although neither cell type was required to initiate immunity, monocytes and macrophages contributed to the adaptive immune response by secreting IL-12, which induced Th1 polarization and IFN-γ secretion. Thus, whereas DCs are indispensable for priming naive CD4(+) T cells, monocytes and macrophages participate in intestinal immunity by producing mediators that direct T cell polarization.
A laser printing based approach for printed electronics (2016)

Here we report a study of printing of electronics using an office use laser printer. The proposed method eliminates those critical disadvantages of solvent-based printing techniques by taking the advantages of electroless deposition and laser printing. The synthesized toner acts as a catalyst for the electroless copper deposition as well as an adhesion-promoting buffer layer between the substrate and deposited copper. The easy metallization of printed patterns and strong metal-substrate adhesion make it an especially effective method for massive production of flexible printed circuits. The proposed process is a high throughput, low cost, efficient, and environmentally benign method for flexible electronics manufacturing.
DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL LIPID BASED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR RALOXIFENE H YDROCHLORIDE (2012)

Lipid - based delivery systems are becoming increasingly popular as carriers of drugs due to their ability to overcome barriers to or al absorption. The objective of the present study was to prepare novel lipid - based formulation of a sparingl y soluble drug, Raloxifene hydrochloride (RLX) to increase its saturation solubility and dissolution velocity for enhancing bioavailability while reducing systemic variability. L ipid - based formulations were prepared using melt solubilization technique . T he liquid formulations were converted into a solid intermediate by adsorbing onto an inert carrier and blended with excipients for encapsulation. The solid state properties, surface morphology and in - vitro release characteristics of the lipid formulations we re investigated and compared with commercial formulation . The characterization of lipid formulations using D ifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) , X - ray powder diffraction (XR P D) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the drug is completely enveloped in the lipid core . The dissolution characteristics of l ipid based formulation filled in hard gelatin capsules showed faster rate of drug dissolution as compared to commercial tablet formulati on ( Fiona ® ) . The in - vitro release studies in fed state simulated intestinal fluid ( FeSSIF ) and fasted state simulated intestinal fluid ( FaSSIF ) media indicated that, the variability in fed and fas t ed conditions was significantly reduced with l ipid based formulation. The results from this study suggest the pot ential use of lipid based formulation a means of improving solubility, dissolution and concomitantly the bioavailability of a sparingly soluble drug like RLX.
Corrosion and Biocompatibility of Shape Memory Alloys (1991)

Shape memory alloys have successfully entered the repertoire of serving themselves as different types of prostheses owing to their unique characteristics including the shape memory effect, superelasticity as well as high damping capacity since they were introduced in medical and dental fields more than 10 years ago. For being evaluated as a safe, reliable and biofunctional biomaterial (foreign material) against a living tissue, cell or bone (host environment), they are needed to meet strict requirements including the biocompatibility. This paper was prepared based on a literature survey on the medical applications of shape memory alloys, the mechanical, chemical and biological requirements, evaluation methods, various surface treatments and modifications, and advanced techniques for manufacturing and forming processes from which unexpected applications will be developed in the near future.