gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulatory factors and cell populations involved in skeletal muscle regeneration (2010)

Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process, which is not yet completely understood. Satellite cells, the skeletal muscle stem cells, become activated after trauma, proliferate, and migrate to the site of injury. Depending on the severity of the myotrauma, activated satellite cells form new multinucleated myofibers or fuse to damaged myofibers. The specific microenvironment of the satellite cells, the niche, controls their behavior. The niche contains several components that maintain satellite cells quiescence until they are activated. In addition, a great diversity of stimulatory and inhibitory growth factors such as IGF-1 and TGF-beta1 regulate their activity. Donor-derived satellite cells are able to improve muscle regeneration, but their migration through the muscle tissue and across endothelial layers is limited. Less than 1% of their progeny, the myoblasts, survive the first days upon intra-muscular injection. However, a range of other multipotent muscle- and non-muscle-derived stem cells are involved in skeletal muscle regeneration. These stem cells can occupy the satellite cell niche and show great potential for the treatment of skeletal muscle injuries and diseases. The aim of this review is to discuss the niche factors, growth factors, and other stem cells, which are involved in skeletal muscle regeneration. Knowledge about the factors regulating satellite cell activity and skeletal muscle regeneration can be used to improve the treatment of muscle injuries and diseases.
Mechanism of ligand-specific upregulation of Fc receptors for IgE on murine B cell lines (1986)

Several studies have demonstrated that the addition of IgE to mixed lymphocyte populations will induce an increase in the number of B cell Fc receptors for IgE (Fc/sub epsilon/R). Using a Fc/sub epsilon/R/sup +/ murine B cell hybridoma, the authors have shown that IgE acts directly on the B cell to upregulate its receptor. The present studies describe the mechanism by which Fc/sub epsilon/R induction occurs. Kinetic studies of /sup 35/S-methionine labeled, affinity-purified Fc/sub epsilon/R demonstrate that IgE does not cause an increase in the rate of Fc/sub epsilon/R biosynthesis. Studies which determine the effect of IgE on the decay rates of either surface radiolabeled Fc/sub epsilon/R or Fc/sub epsilon/R on cycloheximide-treated B cells indicate that IgE causes an increase in Fc/sub epsilon/R half-life the degree of which correlates with the degree of upregulation. Thus, the effect of IgE is to slow the rate of Fc/sub epsilon/R degradation. However, the rates determined by the two methods differ, as the t1/2 determined by cycloheximide treatment for both induced and normal cells are 4-fold longer than those determined by surface labeling; this suggests the involvement of an additional protein (blocked by cycloheximide) in receptor degradation. At least in part, this degradation involvesmore » the release into the media of a approx. =35Kd soluble receptor fragment which can be specifically, isolated by a monoclonal anti-Fc/sub epsilon/R antibody. Thus, it appears that Fc/sub epsilon/R induction by ligand occurs because IgE, in binding to its receptor, inhibits proteolytic cleavage of the Fc/sub epsilon/R and its subsequent release from the cell surface.« less
Manometric study of the voluntary inhibition action in normal volunteers (1994)

PURPOSE: A voluntary inhibition action whereby a voluntary squeeze of the external sphincter causes reflex relaxation of the rectum has been previously proposed but not proven. Such a reflex would enable the subject to defer defecation to a socially acceptable time. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not such a reflex exists. METHODS: We measured rectal compliance with and without a voluntary squeeze using a specially designed balloon catheter in nine subjects. RESULTS: When corrected for increased intra-abdominal pressure caused by inadvertent Valsalva's maneuver during voluntary squeezing, there was a significant increase in rectal compliance during voluntary contraction of the external sphincter (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: This lends support to the proposed existence of the voluntary inhibition action.
Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) Is a Novel Regulator of Central Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor and Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B (TrkB) Signaling (2014)

Neuronal protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) deficiency in mice results in enhanced leptin signaling and protection from diet-induced obesity; however, whether additional signaling pathways in the brain contribute to the metabolic effects of PTP1B deficiency remains unclear. Here, we show that the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor is a direct PTP1B substrate and implicate PTP1B in the regulation of the central brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. PTP1B interacts with activated TrkB receptor in mouse brain and human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. PTP1B overexpression reduces TrkB phosphorylation and activation of downstream signaling pathways, whereas PTP1B inhibition augments TrkB signaling. Notably, brains of Ptpn1(-/-) mice exhibit enhanced TrkB phosphorylation, and Ptpn1(-/-) mice are hypersensitive to central BDNF-induced increase in core temperature. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that PTP1B is a novel physiological regulator of TrkB and that enhanced BDNF/TrkB signaling may contribute to the beneficial metabolic effects of PTP1B deficiency.
Textbook of Gastroenterology (2008)

Textbook of gastroenterology , Textbook of gastroenterology , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Privacy preserving optics for miniature vision sensors (2015)

The next wave of micro and nano devices will create a world with trillions of small networked cameras. This will lead to increased concerns about privacy and security. Most privacy preserving algorithms for computer vision are applied after image/video data has been captured. We propose to use privacy preserving optics that filter or block sensitive information directly from the incident light-field before sensor measurements are made, adding a new layer of privacy. In addition to balancing the privacy and utility of the captured data, we address trade-offs unique to miniature vision sensors, such as achieving high-quality field-of-view and resolution within the constraints of mass and volume. Our privacy preserving optics enable applications such as depth sensing, full-body motion tracking, people counting, blob detection and privacy preserving face recognition. While we demonstrate applications on macro-scale devices (smartphones, webcams, etc.) our theory has impact for smaller devices.
Antiulcer activity of an anthocyanidin from Vaccinium myrtillus. (1988)

The antiulcer effects of 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-benzopyrylium chloride (IdB 1027) were assessed in various experimental models. Given orally, IdB 1027 antagonized gastric ulcerations induced by pylorus ligation, stress, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, ethanol, reserpine, histamine and duodenal ulceration induced by mercaptamine (cysteamine). Moreover it antagonized chronic gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid. Given intraperitoneally, it was more potent than after oral administration. IdB 1027 did not affect gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats and increased gastric mucus in normal animals both in the absence and in the presence of indometacin treatment. Tolerability was very good. These results indicate that IdB 1027 possesses a promising antiulcer activity, probably by potentiating the defensive barriers of the gastrointestinal mucosa.
Wafer level embedded System in Package (WL-eSiP) for mobile applications (2010)

Recently, System in Package (SiP) technology is rapidly evolved from a narrow set of applications to high volume applications on electronics markets, like small modules for mobile phone applications. Embedding technology is one of the solutions by embedding one or more chips into another chip or a substrate. In this study, Wafer level embedded System in Package (WL-eSiP) which has daughter chip (small chip) embedded inside mother chip (bigger chip) without any special substrate has been suggested and developed. To realize wafer level embedded system in package (WL-eSiP), wafer level flip-chip bonding technology, wafer level molding for under-filling and encapsulation by molding compound without any special substrate have been developed, including redistribution, solder and Cu bumping, thinning and ball mounting technology. Firstly to verify and optimize structure and materials through stress simulation for molded dies, maximum stress and its location have been confirmed and correlated with the result of reliability evaluation using molded die sample. The structure and materials for WL-eSiP has been optimized through molded die samples with evaluation of the reliability tests of MSL2a, PCT (121°C/ 100%RH/ 2atm), TC (-40/125 °C) and HTS (150°C) in terms of various die size, dielectric and mold materials. Using the results achieved above, WL-eSiP test vehicle has been designed and fabricated to evaluate the package level and board level reliabilities for verifying process and ensuring package reliability. Mother chip of 4mm × 4mm and daughter chip of 2.95mm × 2.31mm size have been designed in daisy chain pattern to be electrically interconnected each other. First of all, whole manufacturing process steps of wafer level embedded system in package (WL-eSiP) has been verified and developed, with redistribution, high aspect-ratio copper bumping, wafer level flip-chip bonding, wafer level molding, silicon and mold thinning and ball mounting technologies. Then, WL-eSiP has been fabricated for evaluation of package level reliability, MSL3, PCT (121°C/100%RH/ 2atm), TC (-40/125°C) and HTS (150°C) and all items have been passed. For the board level reliability test, daisy chain substrate has been designed and fabricated for TC (-40/125°C) and drop (1500G/ 0.5ms) tests. Besides, in order to increase the mother chip size from 16 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to 36 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for the expansion of application of WL-eSiP, stress improvement on each process step has been done through warpage and curvature evaluation on wafer level.
Preparation of LiFeO2 with Alpha‐ NaFeO2‐Type Structure Using a Mixed‐Alkaline Hydrothermal Method (1997)

A metastable form of with α‐‐type structure (layered ) was synthesized directly from α‐FeOOH or by hydrothermal reaction at 230°C using aqueous mixed‐alkaline solutions such as or . Highly crystallized samples could be obtained by a one‐step process. The yield of the layered strongly depends on the composition of the starting mixture. Preliminary tests on electrochemical lithium deintercalation/intercalation show poor performance between 4.5 and 1.5 V.
CORROSION - RESISTANT METALS for Valves and Seats on Heavy-Duty Engines (1948)

<div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>IT has become necessary to use a combination of materials, the author points out, in the design of exhaust valves for high-powered engines.</b></div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>For heavy-duty ground vehicles, he says, the problem is complicated by the importance of cost, which eliminates many good materials from consideration. Nevertheless, the author believes that exhaust-valve and seat-insert combinations can be designed to meet the requirements of any of today's heavy-duty operations.</b></div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>The continual stepping up of power, he says, however, will require further developments. For the near future Mr. Colwell foresees: a hardened seat insert of good properties, sodium-cooled valves, positive rotating valves, better materials to extend overhaul time, and the use of some of the heat-resisting alloys developed for aircraft turbines, if costs are lowered sufficiently.</b></div>
Challenges for the conservation of vanishing megadiverse rupestrian grasslands (2014)

The Espinhaco Mountains comprise a mountain range that stretches more than 1200 km in the east of South America. In these mountainous environments occur the rupestrian grasslands, a complex mosaic of vegetations influenced primarily by relief and ancient geological history. Far from being homogeneous, rupestrian grasslands show different grassy and shrubby vegetation types on rock outcrops (quartzite, sandstone or ironstone), stony to sandy soils, peat bogs, and other transitional physiognomies such as altitudinal cerrado, gallery forests, remnants and hillside Atlantic Rain Forests (e.g. Medina and Fernandes, 2007; Carvalho et al., 2012). In grassland physiognomies the main factor of environmental stress is greatly associated with sandy-stony soils, often very shallow, with low nutrient levels, extreme aluminum toxicity, and low water holding capacity (Carvalho et al., 2012; Negreiros et al., 2014). High radiation incidence and a long period of annual water deficit (Luttge et al., 2007) confer additional harshness to this singular ecological system. Plants exhibit several types of physiological, biochemical, morphological, structural and phenological adjustments to survive to environmental stresses (Luttge et al., 2007; Negreiros et al., 2009, 2014). Like other ancient ecosystems with extremely
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE POLYSTYRENE - ASPHALTENE GRAFT COPOLYMER BY FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY (2008)

The creation of new polymer compounds to be added to asphalt has drawn considerable attention because these substances have succeeded in modifying the asphalt rheologic characteristics and physical properties for the enhancement of its behavior during the time of use. This work explains the synthesis of a new graft copolymer based on an asphalt fraction called asphaltene, modified with maleic anhydride. Polystyrene functionalization is conducted in a parallel fashion in order to obtain polybenzylamine resin with an amine - NH2 free group, that reacts with the anhydride graft groups in the asphaltene, thus obtaining the new Polystyrene/Asphaltene graft copolymer.
Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in acute otitis media (1995)

From January, 1992, to January, 1994, penicillin-resistant (minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) > 0.06 microgram/ml) Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) isolates accounted for 48 (17%) of 283 isolates from acute otitis media (AOM) or recurrent AOM in 246 ambulatory patients in rural Kentucky. By broth microdilution, relatively penicillin-resistant (MIC > 0.06 to 1.0 microgram/ml) and highly penicillin-resistant (MIC > or = 2.0 micrograms/ml) strains were detected in 25 (16%) and 23 (15%), respectively, of 157 pneumococcal middle ear isolates. Using 1994 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards breakpoints for pneumococci (unavailable for oral cephalosporins except cefuroxime), highly PRSP strains were almost uniformly susceptible to clindamycin and vancomycin. In contrast highly PRSP strains were resistant to most oral antimicrobials customarily used for AOM with one-third of strains highly resistant (MIC > or = 2.0 micrograms/ml) to ceftriaxone. Serotypes 6B, 19F and 23F accounted for 95% of highly PRSP strains and serotype 9V for 48% of relatively PRSP strains. By multivariate analysis, otitis-prone condition (P = 0.0008) and number of antibiotic courses before day of culture (P < 0.0001) were independently predictive of PRSP. Highly PRSP isolates were more commonly isolated from patients recently treated within 3 days (30%) vs. those who completed therapy more than 3 days earlier (2%) (P < 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Autism: A Specific Cognitive Disorder of & lsquo;Mind-Blindness’ (1990)

The last 20 years has produced a body of evidence suggesting the presence of cognitive deficits in autism. This research is briefly reviewed. The question of whether a specific cognitive deficit might underlie the social and communicative symptoms in autism is then considered. One recent proposal has been that people with autism are impaired in their ability to attribute mental states (such as beliefs, knowledge states, etc.) to themselves and other people. Experimental evidence relevant to this hypothesis is summarized, and this suggests there is indeed an autism-specific congnitive deficit in this domain. The possible origins of this deficit are discussed, and the term ‘mind-blindness’ is proposed to refer to this deficit.
SENSITIZATION OF Tb3+ LUMINESCENCE BY Ce3+ AND Cu+ IN GLASSES (1965)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Shigeo Shionoya, Eiichiro Nakazawa; SENSITIZATION OF Tb3+ LUMINESCENCE BY Ce3+ AND Cu+ IN GLASSES. Appl. Phys. Lett. 15 March 1965; 6 (6): 118–120. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1754193 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
RNA Trafficking by Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Exosomes (2012)

Extrinsic signaling cues in the microenvironment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) contribute to disease progression and therapy resistance. Yet, it remains unknown how the bone marrow niche in which AML arises is subverted to support leukemic persistence at the expense of homeostatic function. Exosomes are cell membrane-derived vesicles carrying protein and RNA cargoes that have emerged as mediators of cell-cell communication. In this study, we examined the role of exosomes in developing the AML niche of the bone marrow microenvironment, investigating their biogenesis with a focus on RNA trafficking. We found that both primary AML and AML cell lines released exosome-sized vesicles that entered bystander cells. These exosomes were enriched for several coding and noncoding RNAs relevant to AML pathogenesis. Furthermore, their uptake by bone marrow stromal cells altered their secretion of growth factors. Proof-of-concept studies provided additional evidence for the canonical functions of the transferred RNA. Taken together, our findings revealed that AML exosome trafficking alters the proliferative, angiogenic, and migratory responses of cocultured stromal and hematopoietic progenitor cell lines, helping explain how the microenvironmental niche becomes reprogrammed during invasion of the bone marrow by AML.
Multi-constrained optimal path selection (2002)

Providing quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees in packet networks gives rise to several challenging issues. One of them is how to determine a feasible path that satisfies a set of constraints while maintaining high utilization of network resources. The latter objective implies the need to impose an additional optimality requirement on the feasibility problem. This can be done through a primary cost function (e.g., administrative weight, hop count) according to which the selected feasible path is optimal. In general, multi-constrained path selection, with or without optimization, is an NP-complete problem that cannot be exactly solved in polynomial-time. Heuristics and approximation algorithms with polynomial and pseudo-polynomial-time complexities are often used to deal with this problem. However, existing solutions suffer either from excessive computational complexities that cannot be used for online network operation or from low performance. Moreover, they only deal with special cases of the problem (e.g., two constraints without optimization, one constraint with optimization, etc.). For the feasibility problem under multiple constraints, some researchers have proposed a nonlinear cost function whose minimization provides a continuous spectrum of solutions ranging from a generalized linear approximation (GLA) to an asymptotically exact solution. We propose an efficient heuristic algorithm for the most general form of the problem. We first formalize the theoretical properties of the above nonlinear cost function. We then introduce our heuristic algorithm (H MCOP), which attempts to minimize both the nonlinear cost function (for the feasibility part) and the primary cost function (for the optimality part). We prove that H MCOP guarantees at least the performance of GLA and often improves upon it. H MCOP has the same order of complexity as Dijkstra's algorithm. Using extensive simulations on random graphs with correlated and uncorrelated link weights, we show that under the same level of computational complexity, H MCOP outperforms its (less general) contenders in its success rate in finding feasible paths and in the cost of such paths.
Portfolio creation using graph characteristics (2018)

The aim of this work is by combination of the graph theory and Markowitz portfolio theory to illustrate how some graph characteristics are related to the diversification potential of individual portfolio-forming stocks. Using the graph characteristic, the vertex eccentricity, individual stocks are divided into two groups: a group of large and group of small eccentricity. Eccentricity in this context is considered to be a very suitable metric of the centrality of individual vertices. Different price histories (5 to 30 years) of the Standard and Poor’s index are analyzed. Using the simulation analysis, samples of mentioned groups are generated and then tested by means of comparison to show that larger eccentricity samples, representing stocks on the periphery of the minimum spanning tree of the graph, have a higher potential for diversification than those found in the center of the graph. The results published in the article can be a practical guide for an individual investor during the portfolio creation process and help him/her with decision-making about stock selection.
Plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations in essential and renovascular hypertension. (1987)

Plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations were measured in 44 patients with mild untreated essential hypertension and 48 normotensive controls. Mean venous plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations were 13.2 (SEM 1.5) and 13.0 (1.3) ng/l in the hypertensive patients and controls, respectively. Plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations were significantly correlated with age in both groups. Plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations were also measured during renal vein catheterisation in a group of 15 hypertensive patients; of these, eight had renovascular hypertension, and in all eight cases plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations were increased in the aorta and inferior vena cava. It is concluded that mild essential hypertension is not associated with increased plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations, whereas an age related increase in concentrations occurs in hypertensive and normotensive people.
Identification of the precursor of singlet oxygen (1O2, 1Δg) involved in the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by calcium hydroxide (1998)

Catalytic disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide by calcium hydroxide generates singlet molecular oxygen 1O2 (1Δg) through the diperoxohydrate peroxide CaO2·2H2O2 with a 50% yield based on the calcium peroxide.