gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Bordetella bronchiseptica Type III Secretion System Is Required for Persistence and Disease Severity but Not Transmission in Swine (2013)

Bordetella bronchiseptica is pervasive in swine populations and plays multiple roles in respiratory disease. Most studies addressing virulence factors of B. bronchiseptica utilize isolates derived from hosts other than pigs in conjunction with rodent infection models. Based on previous in vivo mouse studies, we hypothesized that the B. bronchiseptica type III secretion system (T3SS) would be required for maximal disease severity and persistence in the swine lower respiratory tract. To examine the contribution of the T3SS to the pathogenesis of B. bronchiseptica in swine, we compared the abilities of a virulent swine isolate and an isogenic T3SS mutant to colonize, cause disease, and be transmitted from host to host. We found that the T3SS is required for maximal persistence throughout the lower swine respiratory tract and contributed significantly to the development of nasal lesions and pneumonia. However, the T3SS mutant and the wild-type parent are equally capable of transmission among swine by both direct and indirect routes, demonstrating that transmission can occur even with attenuated disease. Our data further suggest that the T3SS skews the adaptive immune response in swine by hindering the development of serum anti-Bordetella antibody levels and inducing an interleukin-10 (IL-10) cell-mediated response, likely contributing to the persistence of B. bronchiseptica in the respiratory tract. Overall, our results demonstrate that the Bordetella T3SS is required for maximal persistence and disease severity in pigs, but not for transmission.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Epothilone A: The Olefin Metathesis Approach. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Restriction enzymes and their isoschizomers (1990)

Journal Article Restriction enzymes and their isoschizomers Get access Richard J. Roberts Richard J. Roberts Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue suppl, 25 April 1990, Pages 2331–2365, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.suppl.2331 Published: 25 April 1990
Excitable Cells in <i>Mimosa</i> (1962)

By inserting microelectrodes into cells of various tissues, it was shown that elongated parenchyma cells in the phloem and protoxylem, which have larger membrane potential than inexcitable cells of other types, generate action potentials with conduction. The electrical features of these cells are essentially similar to those of nerve and muscle cells.
Re-evaluation of the dosimetry for reactor pressure-vessel surveillance capsules (1982)

Revised fluences and displacements per atom (dpa) and their uncertainties were determined after re-evaluating the neutron dosimeters from forty-one pressurized water reactor (PWR) surveillance capsules. The goals of this HEDL Reactor Dosimetry Center work are (1) to apply and test new ASTM recommended physics-dosimetry analysis methods and data being developed for LWR power plant surveillance and (2) to provide improved neutron exposure values for reactor pressure vessel steel metallurgical data bases; particularly for the changes in nil ductility transition temperature (..delta..NDTT) and upper shelf energy. Uncertainties in the FERRET-SAND adjustment Code derived neutron exposure values range from 10 to 34%. The ratio of the new to the old exposure values for fluence greater than 1 MeV varied from a low of 0.79 to a high of 2.11, with an average value of 1.30. The fission reactions for /sup 238/U and /sup 237/Np were found to be instrumental in producing low uncertainties in the exposure values (10 to 15%) whereas with their absence the uncertainty increased to 25 to 34%. Corrections for fissile impurity atoms in the /sup 238/U dosimeters were found to be as high as 29% in some cases. Other sources of corrections such as surveillance capsule perturbations andmore » photo fission reactions have been considered.« less
Poster: Wearable input device for smart glasses based on a wristband-type motion-aware touch panel (2014)

This paper presents a smart glasses-augmented, wearable input device based on a wristband-type, motion-aware touch panel. With this novel input device, a user can manipulate the smart glasses' augmented reality (AR) system by selecting and moving contents via touching and dragging, as well as scrolling, navigating, and controlling 3D objects by rotating the wrist. The proposed device can be used in an AR environment to select and manipulate virtual 2D and 3D content. The proposed interface offers the following advantages: 1) the touch screen panel helps users to control the smart glasses' AR system accurately, without any limitations of gesture and speech recognition systems; environmental noise and distortion, and multi-leveled pattern recognition task; 2) the motion of the wrist increases the Degrees of Freedom (DOF) of the system - the combination with 2 DOF of touch interaction allows accurate 3 DOF interaction and various ways of interacting, enabling users to carry out tasks via a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) quickly and intuitively; and 3) the simple hardware composition allows the device to be easily embedded into existing devices such as smart watches.
Unsymmetrically Substituted Aliphatic Diacetylenes Containing Amine Functionalities (1998)

Abstract A one-pot reaction which combines the Cadiot-Chodkiewicz coupling reaction with the Gabriel synthesis of primary amines is evaluated as a means for the synthesis of unsymmetrically disubstituted aminodiacetylenes of the type CH2-(CH2)n-C≡C-C≡C-CH2-NH2 (n=2,3,4,5).
Pattern Formation in Gels (1988)

A stable pattern is calculated for uniaxially stretched gels. The gel surface is shown to fold periodically, yielding cusps on the surface.
Low Phase Noise sub-1 V Supply 12 and 18 GHz VCOs in 90 nm CMOS (2006)

Two low phase noise, sub-1 V supply VCO topologies have been explored at 12 and 18 GHz in a 90 nm CMOS technology for direct LO generation in microwave link applications. At 12 GHz, a cross-coupled differential NMOS pair VCO achieves a phase noise of -117 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset while consuming only 1.6 mW from a 0.47 V supply. At 18 GHz a Hartley VCO with a novel tuning scheme reached -119 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset, consuming 4.2 mW from a 0.8 V supply. The well established VCO FOM is 196 and 199 for the 12 and 18 GHz VCOs, respectively
Enhanced oxygen reduction at Pd catalytic nanoparticles dispersed onto heteropolytungstate-assembled poly(diallyldimethylammonium)-functionalized carbon nanotubes (2011)

Both Keggin-type phosphotungstic acid (HPW) and Pd are not prominent catalysts towards the oxygen reduction (ORR), but their composite Pd-HPW catalyst produces a significantly higher electrochemical activity for the ORR in acidic media. The novel composite catalyst was synthesized by self-assembly of HPW on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via the electrostatic attraction between negatively charged HPW and positively charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium (PDDA)-wrapped MWCNTs, followed by dispersion of Pd nanoparticles onto the HPW-PDDA-MWCNT assembly. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). TEM images show that Pd nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of MWCNTs even when the Pd loading was increased to 60 wt%. Electrochemical activity of the catalysts for the ORR was evaluated by steady state polarization measurements using a rotating disk electrode. Compared with the acid treated MWCNTs, Pd nanoparticles supported on the HPW-assembled MWCNTs show a much higher ORR activity that is comparable to conventional Pt/C catalysts. The high electrocatalytic activities could be related to high dispersion of Pd nanoparticles as well as synergistic effects originating from the high proton conductivity of HPW. The Pd/HPW-PDDA-MWCNTs system as the cathode catalyst in proton exchange membrane fuel cells is demonstrated.
Energy Priority and Current Model Based AUV Cruise Path Planning Algorithm (2013)

In this paper, we study the influence of the current on the selection of the cruise path of AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle). We extended the current model into 3D space. According to this extended current model, we analyze AUV's energy consumption under the affects of the water flow and compare it under different cruise paths. This study mainly focuses on the path optimization based on the current model and energy priority. To some extent, it provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of the AUV cruise path.
Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus—related hepatocellular carcinoma: Old and new paradigms (2004)

Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenesis of cancer in HBV infection has been extensively analyzed, and multiple factors appear to play a role. A major factor is chronic inflammation and the effects of cytokines in the development of fibrosis and liver cell proliferation. Also important is the role of integration of HBV DNA into host cellular DNA, which, in some situations, acts to disrupt or promote expression of cellular genes that are important in cell growth and differentiation. In addition, expression of HBV proteins may have a direct effect on cellular functions, and some of these gene products can favor malignant transformation. Several HBV genes have been found in infected tissues more frequently than others, including truncated pre-S2/S, hepatitis B X gene, and a novel spliced transcript of HBV, referred to as the hepatitis B spliced protein. The proteins expressed from these integrated genes have been shown to have intracellular activities that may account for their association with HCC, including effects on cellular growth and apoptosis. Finally, some patients with HCC have no detectable hepatitis B surface antigen in serum but do have low levels of HBV DNA in serum and integrated molecules of HBV DNA in tissue. Occult HBV infection may account for a proportion of cases of HCC that occur in patients without serologic markers for hepatitis B and C and may be a cofactor in HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis C who have coexistent occult HBV infection.
Deformable image registration for adaptive radiotherapy with guaranteed local rigidity constraints (2016)

With accuracy in the range of VSA, the new approach with constraints delivers physically more plausible deformations in the pelvic area with guaranteed rigidity of arbitrary structures. Although the algorithm uses an advanced deformation model, clinically feasible runtimes are achieved.
Low Actuation Voltage SPDT RF MEMS K Band Switch using a Single Gold Membrane (2009)

This paper presents a SPDT (Single Pole Double Throw) system for K band applications using RF MEMS (Radio-Frequency MicroElectroMechanical Systems) switch. The switch is based on a single anchorless gold membrane which is simply supported. It achieves large deflections of 4μm at a low actuaction voltage (7.5V simulated and 12V demonstrated) and with a high reliability. New mechanical testing results, showing good agreements with simulations, and RF measurements of the structure, using a wide band coplanar waveguides (CPW) to microstrip (MS) transition, will be shown.
Finding and Contextualizing Resources: A Digital Literacy Tool's Impact in Ninth-Grade World History (2008)

Although the Internet has been touted as a boon to social studies education, little research exists that documents the impact of using it as a contextualizing tool for analyzing primary sources and developing Web sites on high school students' achievement. In this article, the authors address both issues by using a quasi-experimental design to measure impact on student achievement. However, there was no appreciable difference in student achievement, and the provided assignment and amount of content that students were expected to learn in the unit of study may have hindered higher-order thinking. The authors discuss the implications of these findings.
Residual migration: Applications and limitations (1983)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1983Residual migration: Applications and limitationsAuthors: Stewart A. LevinDaniel RothmanFabio RoccaStewart A. LevinStanford University, Daniel RothmanStanford University, and Fabio RoccaPolitecnico di Milano, Italyhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893859 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893859FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1983ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1983 Pages: 646 publication data© 1983 Copyright © 1983 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 24 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Stewart A. Levin, Daniel Rothman, and Fabio Rocca, (1983), "Residual migration: Applications and limitations," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 393-395. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893859 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Nitrate in Streams During Winter Low‐Flow Conditions as an Indicator of Legacy Nitrate (2020)

Abstract Winter low‐flow (LF) conditions in streams provide a potential opportunity to evaluate the importance of legacy nitrate in catchments due to the dominance of slow‐flow transport pathways and lowered biotic activity. In this study, the concentration, flux, and trend of nitrate in streams during winter low‐flow conditions were analyzed at 320 sites in the conterminous United States. LF flow‐normalized nitrate concentrations varied from <0.1 to >20 mg‐N L −1 and LF conditions contributed between 2% and 98% of the winter nitrate flux. LF nitrate concentrations generally exceeded 2.5 mg‐N L −1 in the upper Midwest, with smaller regions of high LF nitrate concentrations in eastern Texas and along the northern mid‐Atlantic coast. Groundwater was inferred to be the primary or sole contributor of nitrate to streams during winter LF conditions at 140 of our 320 sites. Among these 140 sites, nitrate from groundwater comprised 45% or more of the winter nitrate flux at a quarter of the sites. Among the same 140 sites, concentrations of nitrate in streams during winter LF conditions generally increased between 2002 and 2012 at sites where 40% or more of the winter flux was from groundwater, suggesting that concentrations of nitrate in the contributing groundwater system were increasing. Using metrics developed herein, we characterize the potential importance of legacy nitrate at sites in this study and discuss methods to characterize sites with fewer samples than required by our models or at sites without continuous stream discharge measurements.
A Randomized Response Model for Privacy Preserving Smart Metering (2012)

The adoption of smart meters may bring new privacy concerns to the general public. Given the fact that metering data of individual homes/factories is accumulated every 15 minutes, it is possible to infer the pattern of electricity consumption of individual users. In order to protect the privacy of users in a completely de-centralized setting (i.e., individuals do not communicate with one another), we propose a novel protocol, which allows individual meters to report the true electricity consumption reading with a pre-determinted probability. Load serving entities (LSE) can reconstruct the total electricity consumption of a region or a district through inference algorithm, but their ability of identifying individual users' energy consumption pattern is significantly reduced. Using simulated data, we verify the feasibility of the proposed method and demonstrate performance advantages over existing approaches.
Functional Analysis of the Mouse Scn8a Sodium Channel (1998)

The mouse Scn8a sodium channel and its ortholog Na6 in the rat are abundantly expressed in the CNS. Mutations in mouse Scn8a result in neurological disorders, including paralysis, ataxia, and dystonia. In addition, Scn8a has been observed to mediate unique persistent and resurgent currents in cerebellar Purkinje cells (Raman et al., 1997). To examine the functional characteristics of this channel, we constructed a full-length cDNA clone encoding the mouse Scn8a sodium channel and expressed it in Xenopus oocytes. The electrophysiological properties of the Scn8a channels were compared with those of the Rat1 and Rat2 sodium channels. Scn8a channels were sensitive to tetrodotoxin at a level comparable to that of Rat1 or Rat2. Scn8a channels inactivated more rapidly and showed differences in their voltage-dependent properties compared with Rat1 and Rat2 when only the alpha subunits were expressed. Coexpression of the beta1 and beta2 subunits modulated the properties of Scn8a channels, but to a lesser extent than for the Rat1 or Rat2 channels. Therefore, all three channels showed similar voltage dependence and inactivation kinetics in the presence of the beta subunits. Scn8a channels coexpressed with the beta subunits exhibited a persistent current that became larger with increasing depolarization, which was not observed for either Rat1 or Rat2 channels. The unique persistent current observed for Scn8a channels is consistent with the hypothesis that this channel is responsible for distinct sodium conductances underlying repetitive firing of action potentials in Purkinje neurons.
Cobalt(III)-promoted hydrolysis of a phosphate ester (1977)

The idea of public geographies, inspired by Burawoy's call for public sociologies, places an emphasis on the co-construction of research data, accessible writing and the use of non-traditional media. As yet, however, the methodological implications of public geographies have not been explored. Hence this project seeks to develop the idea of rescue geography and explore the role of the walking interview as a research tool. Rescue geography takes its inspiration from rescue archaeology, which attempts to recover archaeological data from a site before new development takes place. Contemporary regeneration projects efface existing landscapes, deeming them as 'failed', making no effort to record that which is being destroyed. The physical traces of these urban spaces can be recorded through photography and mapping, but what of the embodied understandings possessed by the community that animated those spaces? Walked interviews may help enhance the quality of data produced by participants through placing them in the spaces being discussed, but this assumption has never been rigorously analysed. A combination of walked and in situ interviews will be employed alongside the use of a Global Positioning System (GPS) to spatially contextualise audio recordings in order to examine the effectiveness of this research technique.
Mutation of the MENIN gene in sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors. (1998)

Pancreatic endocrine tumors occur both sporadically and as part of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. MEN1 is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by parathyroid hyperplasia, pancreatic endocrine tumors, and pituitary adenomas. The MEN1 gene called MENIN maps to chromosome 11q13 and is thought to function as a tumor suppressor gene. We previously demonstrated loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 11q13 in approximately 40% of sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors and hypothesize that MENIN is involved in the development of these tumors. Thirty-one sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors were analyzed for mutation of MENIN by nonradioactive single-stranded conformation polymorphism. Twelve mutations were detected in 31 sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors (34%). Twelve of these 31 tumors previously demonstrated loss of heterozygosity at 11q13. Of the tumors with LOH, seven contained mutations of the MENIN gene (58%). The majority of the MENIN mutations occurred within exon 2. Two independent mutations in MENIN were detected in a gastrinoma that also revealed LOH, leading to the possibility of another tumor suppressor gene locus at 11q13. Mutations were present in both benign and malignant pancreatic endocrine tumors, suggesting that a MENIN gene mutation is a frequent and early event in the tumorigenesis. The high incidence of truncating mutations in tumors with LOH at 11q13 support the hypothesis that MENIN is a tumor suppressor gene.
A Monolithic 19-Bit 800 Hz Low Power Multi-Bit Sigma Delta CMOS ADC using Data Weighted Averaging (1996)

: This paper describes a sigma delta switched capacitor CMOS ADC using multi-bit quantization and feedback path for minimum power consumption. Multi-bit quantization has up to now been avoided because the linearity of the DAC in the feedback path directly limits the linearity of the whole converter. By using data weighted averaging, the non-linearity error related to the mismatch of the DAC components is decorrelated from the signal and transformed into high frequency noise. Hence most of this error is further eliminated together with the quantization noise by the digital lowpass filter. 1. INTRODUCTION When designing low power high resolution oversampled ADC, 3 main parameters must first be determined : the oversampling frequency, the modulator order and the number of bits for quantization and feedback DAC. In order to allow weak or moderate inversion operation of the OTA&apos;s and thus to reach maximum power efficiency, the sampling frequency is chosen below a critical value fc...
The biosynthesis and processing of high molecular weight precursors of soybean glycinin subunits. (1982)

The predominant storage protein of soybean seed, glycinin, is composed of two heterogeneous classes of related subunits, the acidics (Mr approximately 38,000) and the basics (Mr approximately 22,000). Immunoreaction of polypeptides translated in vitro from isolated seed mRNA using antibodies prepared against either purified acidic or basic subunit groups precipitated precursor polypeptides of Mr = 60,000 to Mr = 63,000. High pressure liquid chromatography fingerprinting of trypsin-generated fragments from in vitro synthesized precursors showed fragments specific to both acidic and basic subunits. No mature acidic or basic subunits were detected in vitro translation reactions by either immunoprecipitation or high pressure liquid chromatography fingerprinting. Pulse-labeling of cotyledons growing in culture with [3H]glycine showed rapid accumulation of label in glycinin precursors of Mr = 59,000 to Mr = 62,000. Although in vivo synthesized precursors had slightly greater electrophoretic mobility than in vitro synthesized precursors, little label initially appeared in mature glycinin subunits. After several hours of continued cotyledon growth in absence of label, precursors were processed and label accumulated in both acidic and basic subunit groups. Recombinant plasmids were prepared by reverse transcription of soybean seed mRNA, and clones which encode glycinin precursors were identified by heteroduplex-hybridization of translatable messages. Northern blot analysis of seed mRNA shows the mRNA-encoding glycinin precursors to migrate at Mr = 0.71 X 10(6) on agarose gels, corresponding to approximately 2050 nucleotides. This is sufficiently large to encode a polypeptide consisting of both a glycinin acidic and basic subunit.