gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel design of circularly polarized waveguide antenna (2014)

A novel circularly polarized open-end waveguide antenna is studied. The size of hexagonal radiating cavity is adjusted for achieving good axial ratio characteristics of the new antenna at the boresight. The frequency band is about 20% when s11 is less than -10dB. The axial ratio is better than 2dB over the frequency band.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of 2β-Alkenyl Penam Sulfone Acids as Inhibitors of β-Lactamases (1996)

A general method for synthesis of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfones has been developed. The new compounds inhibited most of the common types of beta-lactamase. The level of activity depended very strongly on the nature of the substituent in the 2 beta-alkenyl group. The inhibited species formed with the beta-lactamase from Citrobacter freundii 1205 was sufficiently stable for X-ray crystallographic studies. These, together with UV absorption spectroscopy and studies of chemical degradation, suggested a novel reaction mechanism for the new inhibitors that might account for their broad spectrum of action. The (Z)-2 beta-acrylonitrile penam sulfone Ro 48-1220 was the most active inhibitor from this class of compound. The inhibitor enhanced the action of, for example, ceftriaxone against a broad selection of organisms producing beta-lactamases. The organisms included strains of Enterobacteriaceae that produce cephalosporinases, which is an exceptional activity for penam sulfones.
Efficient RNA 5′-adenylation by T4 DNA ligase to facilitate practical applications (2006)

We describe a simple procedure for RNA 5'-adenylation using T4 DNA ligase. The 5'-monophosphorylated terminus of an RNA substrate is annealed to a complementary DNA strand that has a 3'-overhang of 10 nucleotides. Then, T4 DNA ligase and ATP are used to synthesize 5'-adenylated RNA (5'-AppRNA), which should find use in a variety of practical applications. In the absence of an acceptor nucleic acid strand, the two-step T4 DNA ligase mechanism is successfully interrupted after the adenylation step, providing 40%-80% yield of 5'-AppRNA after PAGE purification with few side products (the yield varies with RNA sequence). Optimized reaction conditions are described for 5'-adenylating RNA substrates of essentially any length including long and structured RNAs, without need for sequestration of the RNA 3'-terminus to avoid circularization. The new procedure is applicable on the preparative nanomole scale. This 5'-adenylation strategy using T4 DNA ligase is a substantial improvement over our recently reported adenylation method that uses T4 RNA ligase, which often leads to substantial amounts of side products and requires careful optimization for each RNA substrate. Efficient synthetic access to 5'-adenylated RNA will facilitate a range of applications by providing substrates for in vitro selection; by establishing a new protocol for RNA 5'-capping; and by providing an alternative approach for labeling RNA with (32)P or biophysical probes at the 5'-terminus.
Guidelines for surface geochemical surveying (1994)

This article classifies the various methods employed and provides guidelines useful in design of orientation, reconnaissance, and detail surface geochemical surveys for oil and gas exploration. It is based on a user manual for surface geochemistry in petroleum exploration the author assembled in 1989. Surface geochemistry is perhaps better termed surface prospecting because it employs both geochemical and geophysical techniques to detect petroleum, its constituents, or products subsequently caused by reactions near the earth's surface. It should not be confused with geochemistry of petroleum source rocks. The paper discusses the choice of methods, project design, orientation surveying, and reconnaissance and detail surveying.
Rational Design of a (S)-Selective-Transaminase for Asymmetric Synthesis of (1S)-1-(1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)ethanamine (2016)

Amine transaminases offer an environmentally sustainable synthesis route for the production ofpure chiral amines. However, their catalytic efficiency towards bulky ketone substrates isgreatly limited by steric hindrance and therefore presents a great challenge for industrialsynthetic applications. Hereby we report an example of rational transaminase enzyme design tohelp alleviate these challenges. Starting from the Vibrio fluvialis amine transaminase that has nodetectable catalytic activity towards the bulky aromatic ketone 2-acetylbiphenyl, we employed arational design strategy combining in silico and in vitro studies to engineer the transaminaseenzyme with a minimal number of mutations, achieving an high catalytic activity and highenantioselectivity. We found that by introducing two mutations W57G/R415A detectableenzyme activity was achieved. The rationally designed best variant,W57F/R88H/V153S/K163F/I259M/R415A/V422A, showed an improvement in reaction rateby > 1716-fold towards the bulky ketone under study, producing the corresponding enantiomericpure (S)-amine (ee value of > 99%).
Feature Extraction of Kidney Ultrasound Images Based on Intensity Histogram and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (2012)

This study proposes an approach of feature extraction of kidney ultrasound images based on five intensity histogram features and nineteen gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) features. Kidney ultrasound images were divided into four different groups; normal (NR), bacterial infection (BI), cystic disease (CD) and kidney stones (KS). Before feature extraction, the images were initially preprocessed for preserving pixels of interest prior to feature extraction. Preprocessing techniques including region of interest cropping, contour detection, image rotation and background removal, have been applied. Test result shows that kurtosis, mean, skewness, cluster shades and cluster prominence dominates over other parameters. After normalization, KS group has highest value of kurtosis (1.000) and lowest value of cluster shades (0.238) and mean (0.649) while NR group has highest value of mean (1.000), skewness (1.000), cluster shades (1.000) and cluster prominence (1.000). CD group has the lowest value of skewness (0.625) and BI has the lowest value of kurtosis (0.542). This shows that these features can be used to classify kidney ultrasound images into different groups for creating database of kidney ultrasound images with different pathologies.
Algorithms for locating extremely conserved elements in multiple sequence alignments (2009)

The NP-completeness in the case of conservation across an arbitrary subset of the aligned species implies that it is unlikely an efficient algorithm exists for this general case. Despite this fact, for the interesting case of conservation across all or most of the aligned species, our algorithm is efficient enough to be practical. The 177 Extremely Conserved Elements that we catalog demonstrate many of the characteristics of the original ultraconserved elements of Bejerano et al.
Biological and Clinical Effects of Interferon-β <sub>ser</sub> at Two Doses (1990)

To assess biological response, therapeutic activity, and side effects, a randomized, double-blind trial of two doses of interferon-beta ser (IFN-beta ser), differing by 20-fold 4.5 and 90 x 10(6) units), was undertaken in 64 patients with metastatic renal carcinoma. Patients were treated intravenously with injections daily for 10 days with an 11-day rest before treatment was reinitiated. The trial confirmed the relatively good toleration of IFN-beta ser; in the first cycle only 4/63 patients had anorexia of moderate or greater severity. Median weight change over the duration on study was -1.5 kg; in the first cycle only 7% of patients had performance status decline greater than 1 level. Statistically significant changes (p less than 0.05) occurred in granulocytes, lymphocytes, calcium, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate transferase (AST); however, except for AST, overall clinical differences in the two doses were not great. Of 60 patients evaluated, 1 developed neutralizing antibody. When assessed 24 h after IFN-beta ser at 4.5 x 10(6) units, significant (p less than 0.05) augmentation had occurred in beta 2-microglobulin, HLA-DR, and HLA-DQ expression on monocytes, 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase in peripheral mononuclear cells, and natural killer (NK) and K cells functional activity. Although the 90 x 10(6) unit dose also resulted in stimulation of these responses, little additional augmentation of biological response occurred at the higher dose. Except for a decline in monocyte HLA-DR expression, biological responses remained increased at both doses over the 10-day period of treatment. However, no objective regressions of metastatic disease occurred. In view of objective responses in metastatic renal carcinoma in other trials with IFN-beta ser, consideration should be given to alternative schedules.
Mechanics of Fluids (1989)

As in previous editions, this ninth edition of Massey’s Mechanics of Fluids introduces the basic principles of fluid mechanics in a detailed and clear manner. This bestselling textbook provides the sound physical understanding of fluid flow that is essential for an honours degree course in civil or mechanical engineering as well as courses in aeronautical and chemical engineering. Focusing on the engineering applications of fluid flow, rather than mathematical techniques, students are gradually introduced to the subject, with the text moving from the simple to the complex, and from the familiar to the unfamiliar. In an all-new chapter, the ninth edition closely examines the modern context of fluid mechanics, where climate change, new forms of energy generation, and fresh water conservation are pressing issues. SI units are used throughout and there are many worked examples. Though the book is essentially self-contained, where appropriate, references are given to more detailed or advanced accounts of particular topics providing a strong basis for further study. For lecturers, an accompanying solutions manual is available.
Isolation and Characterization of Outer and Cytoplasmic Membranes from Spheroplasts of<i>Acetobacter aceti</i> (1985)

Journal Article Isolation and Characterization of Outer and Cytoplasmic Membranes from Spheroplasts of Acetobacter aceti Get access Kazunobu Matsushita, Kazunobu Matsushita Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masatsugu Nonobe, Masatsugu Nonobe Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Emiko Shinagawa, Emiko Shinagawa Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Osao Adachi, Osao Adachi Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Minoru Ameyama Minoru Ameyama Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 49, Issue 12, 1 December 1985, Pages 3519–3526, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1985.10867305 Published: 01 December 1985 Article history Received: 20 February 1985 Published: 01 December 1985
The Federalism Cases (2000)

The Constitution is an anachronism, 200 years out of date. Although the Bill of Rights is adequate, much of the Constitution relates to a world we no longer face. Certainly it is true that the whole fight in adopting and ratifying the Constitution was between the federalists and the anti-federalists. The anti-federalists did not want a central government because a central government with a standing army could march on the States and use their weapons to impose all kinds of tyranny and deprive the States of their liberty. The whole push and pull of the Philadelphia Convention, the Constitution, and the ratifying conventions was to give the national government some power, but not enough to use that power to somehow overwhelm the States. In light of this, a national government of linited powers was created. Congress was given seventeen enumerated powers and the Necessary and Proper Clause. The States wanted to give the national government only those limited powers that a national government needs, such as, the power to raise an army, control over foreign affairs, and the power to raise taxes; the states wanted to take care of the rest.
Orientation in the Furan Nucleus. VII. Di-α-substituted Furans (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrientation in the Furan Nucleus. VII. Di-α-substituted FuransHenry Gilman, N. O. Calloway, and E. W. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1934, 56, 1, 220–221Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01316a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01316a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Efficient Colon Segmentation method for Oral Contrast-Enhanced CT Colonography (2005)

A new method for fully automated segmentation of the colonic walls in volumetric CT data is proposed. Because each dataset requires long process time, this paper will focus on the development of an efficient segmentation method in half-sized volume data by an anatomical-oriented approach. The process utilizes global and local histograms of Contrast Enhanced Fluids (CEF) to generate adaptive thresholds in oral contrast-enhanced CT for making two major binary masks. We applied a restricted "dilation"operation on an air binary mask for seeds generation and region growing. This method can surf all of colon lumen and extract all parts of it, even those might be submerged by CEF. The subjective and objective validation demonstrated that the error of leakage to extra colonic can be minimized. The procedures described could be the first stage in every multi stage colon lumen extraction and analysis.
A fluorescence enhancement assay of cell fusion (1977)

Two probes were synthesized which consist of fluorescent molecules conjugated to saturated hydrocarbon chains, 18 carbons long, to ensure their localization into cellular membranes. There is an overlap between the emission spectrum of one probe (donor) and the absorption spectrum of the other probe (acceptor). By the use of appropriate wavelengths it is possible to specifically excite the donor probe and record the fluorescence of the acceptor probe. Two cell populations, each labelled with one of the probes, were infected with a virus that causes cell fusion, mixed in equal proportions, and the fluorescence of the acceptor probe measured as a function of time after infection. An increase in fluorescence was observed beginning at the time of onset of cell fusion indicating a mixing of the fluorescent membrane molecules. An investigation of the distance dependence indicated that the increase in fluorescence was mainly due to resonance energy transfer and not to photon emission and reabsorption. Resonance energy transfer requires that the 2 probes be close together and that there be an overlap of the emission spectrum of the donor probe and the absorption spectrum of the acceptor probe. The possible application of this assay to other types of membrane fusion is noted.
Folklore, practice and theory of robust combiners (2009)

Cryptographic schemes are often designed as a combination of multiple component cryptographic modules. Such a combiner design is robust for a (security) specification if it meets the specification, provided that a sufficient subset of the components meet their specifications. A folklore combiner for encryption is cascade, i.e. [Formula: see text]. We show that cascade is a robust combiner for cryptosystems, under three important indistinguishability specifications: chosen plaintext attack (IND-CPA), non-adaptive chosen ciphertext attack (IND-CCA1), and replayable chosen ciphertext attack (IND-rCCA). We also show that cascade is not robust for the important specifications adaptive CCA (IND-CCA2) and generalized CCA (IND-gCCA). The IND-rCCA and IND-gCCA specifications are closely related, and this is an interesting difference between them. All specifications are defined within. We also analyze few other basic and folklore combiners. In particular, we show that the following are robust combiners: the parallel combiner [Formula: see text] for one-way functions, the XOR-input combiner [Formula: see text] for cryptosystems, and the copy combiner [Formula: see text] for integrity tasks such as Message Authentication Codes (MAC) and signature schemes. Cascade is also robust for the hiding property of commitment schemes, and the copy combiner is robust for the binding property, but neither is a robust combiner for both properties. We present (new) robust combiners for commitment schemes; these new combiners can be viewed as a composition of the cascade and the copy combiners. Our combiners are simple, efficient and practical.
Effect of temperature on the electrical conductivity and the thermodynamics of micelle formation of sodium perfluorooctanoate (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of temperature on the electrical conductivity and the thermodynamics of micelle formation of sodium perfluorooctanoatePasupati Mukerjee, Koichi Korematsu, Makoto Okawauchi, and Gohsuke SugiharaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 24, 5308–5312Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100270a037https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views378Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Neural Network-Based Overallocation for Improved Energy-Efficiency in Real-Time Cloud Environments (2012)

This paper introduces a dynamic resource provisioning mechanism for over allocating the capacity of Cloud data centers based on customer resource utilization patterns. The proposed mechanism reduces the impact on Real-Time constraints while improvements on the overall energy-efficiency are sought. The main idea is to exploit the resource utilization patterns of each customer for smartly under allocating resources to the requested Virtual Machines. This reduces the waste produced by frequent overestimations and increases the data center availability. Consequently, it creates the opportunity to host additional Virtual Machines in the same computing infrastructure improving its energy-efficiency. In order to mitigate the negative effect on deadlines, the proposed over allocation service implements a multiplayer Neural Network to anticipate the resource usage patterns based on historical data. Additionally, a compensation mechanism for adjusting the resource allocation in cases of unexpected higher demand is also described. The experiments contrast the proposed approach against traditional "Dynamic Resource Resizing" energy-aware mechanisms and also to our previous work that implements Low-Pass-Filter as predictor. Results demonstrate meaningful improvements in energy-efficiency while time constraints are slightly affected.
Nephrotoxicity from contrast media: attenuation with theophylline. (1995)

PURPOSE: To determine if depression of creatinine clearance after administration of contrast medium may be prevented with theophylline. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A nonionic, low-osmolality contrast medium (iopamidol) or an ionic, high-osmolality contrast medium (sodium diatrizoate) was administered to 93 patients. Before the examination, these patients were given theophylline or a placebo orally. There were also 30 patients who received an adenosine-uptake inhibitor (dipyridamole). Creatinine clearance and urinary adenosine levels were measured before and after angiography. RESULTS: Creatinine clearance decreased 18% +/- 4 in the placebo-iopamidol group but did not decrease in the theophylline group; urinary adenosine increased 67% +/- 7. Creatinine clearance decreased 42% +/- 5 in the placebo-sodium diatrizoate group and decreased 24% +/- 3 in the theophylline group; urinary adenosine increased 119% +/- 8. In the dipyridamole group in which iopamidol was given, urinary adenosine increased 96% +/- 7 and creatinine clearance decreased 37% +/- 5. CONCLUSION: Intrarenal adenosine can be implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertonic contrast medium nephrotoxicity.
[The relationship between the serum ET and resistin concentration and the peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes]. (2011)

Patients with type 2 diabetes ET, resistin levels are closely related with the DPN; patients with ET, is the abnormal increase of resistin levels may lead to the risk factors of DPN.
The plane turbulent impinging jet (1978)

This paper presents an experimental study of the turbulent structure on the centre-line of a two-dimensional impinging jet. The mean velocity, turbulent stresses, triple velocity products and temporal derivatives were measured and the energy balances for the three fluctuating components were calculated. The results indicate a selective stretching of vortices in the direction in which the streamlines spread near the wall, causing anisotropy in this region. The distribution of energy among various frequencies was found from spectral measurements. These measurements revealed the existence of a neutral frequency above which the energy was attenuated by viscous dissipation and below which it was augmented by a vortex-stretching mechanism.