gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HIV-1 Conserved Elements p24CE DNA Vaccine Induces Humoral Immune Responses with Broad Epitope Recognition in Macaques (2014)

To target immune responses towards invariable regions of the virus, we engineered DNA-based immunogens encoding conserved elements (CE) of HIV-1 p24gag. This conserved element vaccine is designed to avoid decoy epitopes by focusing responses to critical viral elements. We previously reported that vaccination of macaques with p24CE DNA induced robust cellular immune responses to CE that were not elicited upon wild type p55gag DNA vaccination. p24CE DNA priming followed by p55gag DNA boost provided a novel strategy to increase the magnitude and breadth of the cellular immune responses to HIV-1 Gag, including the induction of strong, multifunctional T-cell responses targeting epitopes within CE. Here, we examined the humoral responses induced upon p24CE DNA or p55gag DNA vaccination in macaques and found that although both vaccines induced robust p24gag binding antibody responses, the responses induced by p24CE DNA showed a unique broad range of linear epitope recognition. In contrast, antibodies elicited by p55gag DNA vaccine failed to recognize p24CE protein and did not recognize linear epitopes spanning the CE. Interestingly, boosting of p24CE DNA primed animals with p55gag DNA resulted in augmentation of antibodies able to recognize p24gag as well as the p24CE proteins, thereby inducing broadest immunity. Our results indicate that an effectively directed vaccine strategy that includes priming with the conserved element vaccine followed by boost with the complete immunogen induces broad cellular and humoral immunity focused on the conserved regions of the virus. This novel and effective strategy to broaden responses could be applied against other antigens of highly diverse pathogens.
A Passive Telemetry Interface System with Closed-loop Power Control Function for Body-implanted Applications (2007)

In this paper, we propose a passive telemetry interface system for a body-implanted chip with a closed-loop power control function, which keeps the chip temperature at the allowable level for human body. The system is controlled by monitoring an excessive current at the implanted chip and limiting the power supply at the external interrogator unit. Power consumption of the current monitor circuit implemented in 0.18μm standard CMOS technology is lower than 35μW with a 1.8V power supply. Experimental results of the closed-loop power control system confirm its expected features of a detecting current of 150μA at a distance between the transponder and the interrogator less than 10mm.
Proinflammatory Mediators Stimulate Neutrophil-Directed Angiogenesis (1999)

Activated human PMNs are directly angiogenic by releasing VEGF, and this has important implications for inflammation, capillary leak syndrome, wound healing, and tumor growth.
Plasticiser Effect on Water Vapour Permeability Properties of Locust bean gum--Based Edible Films (2003)

The barrier properties of edible films prepared from polysaccharide polymer (locust bean gum) and various plasticisers (glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, and polyethylene glycol 200) together with hydrophobic modifiers (stearopten and beeswax) were examined. It was determined that the films containing polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) and sorbitol have the lowest water vapour permeability values and the films containing glycerol have the highest WVP values. It was found that the most reasonable of the studied plasticisers was PEG 200. Polysaccharide--based edible films have higher WVP values than those of lipid-- and protein--based edible films. In order to reduce the WVP of locust bean gum (LBG) based edible films they were modified by adding a small amount of stearopten or beeswax to the film structure. It was determined that the WVP values of such modified edible films were always lower than those of unmodified films.
Physics of semiconductor devices (2002)

1. Energy Band Theory. 2. Theory of Electrical Conduction. 3. Generation/Recombination Phenomena. 4. The PN Junction Diode. 5. Metal-semiconductor Contacts. 6. JFET and MESFET. 7. The MOS Transistor. 8. The Bipolar Transistor. 9. Heterojunction Devices. 10. Quantum-Effect Devices. 11. Semiconductor Processing.
MULTI-PERIOD STOCHASTIC PROGRAMMING MODELS USING SIMULATED PATHS FOR STRATEGIC ASSET ALLOCATION (2001)

長期的な動的投資政策のための多期間最適資産配分決定問題を議論する. この問題を解くためには, 従来シナリオ・ツリーを用いるモデルが広く使われているが, 本研究では, モンテカルロ・シミュレーションによるパスを用いて不確実性を記述した確率制御(動的確率計画)タイプのモデルの枠組みのもとで, 線形計画問題として記述できるモデル(シミュレーション型多期間確率計画モデル)を提案する. モデルの振る舞いを検証するために簡単な数値実験も行った. また, リスク評価とリスク制御を統一した枠組みで将来の多期間にわたるリスク管理を行うことができる統一的なリスク管理プロセスの概念も提示する.
Serial femtosecond X-ray diffraction of enveloped virus microcrystals (2015)

Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) using X-ray free-electron lasers has produced high-resolution, room temperature, time-resolved protein structures. We report preliminary SFX of Sindbis virus, an enveloped icosahedral RNA virus with ∼700 Å diameter. Microcrystals delivered in viscous agarose medium diffracted to ∼40 Å resolution. Small-angle diffuse X-ray scattering overlaid Bragg peaks and analysis suggests this results from molecular transforms of individual particles. Viral proteins undergo structural changes during entry and infection, which could, in principle, be studied with SFX. This is an important step toward determining room temperature structures from virus microcrystals that may enable time-resolved studies of enveloped viruses.
Effects of baicalein on leukotriene C<sub>4</sub> biosynthesis in human lymphocytes (1987)

Abstract Studies were made on the effects of baicalein (5,6,7‐trihydroxyflavone) on leukotriene C 4 (LTC 4 ) biosynthesis by calcium ionophore A 23187 in human lymphocytes. Baicalein inhibited calcium ionophore‐induced LTC 4 biosynthesis in human lymphocytes. The concentration of baicalein required for 50% inhibition (IC 50 ) of LTC 4 formation was 4.3 × 10 −7 M.
Organic−Inorganic Composite Nanocoatings with Superhydrophobicity, Good Transparency, and Thermal Stability (2010)

Superhydrophobic, highly transparent, and stable organic-inorganic composite nanocoating is successfully prepared by a simple sol-gel dip-coating method. This method involves control of the aggregation of inorganic colloid particles by polymerization and ultrasonic vibration to create the desired micro/nanostructure in the coating. Superhydrophobicity and transparency of the coating can be controlled by adjusting the initial concentration of monomer and the size of aggregates in the sol-gel. Thus, superhydrophobicity and high transparency can be concurrently achieved in a single coating. The prepared coating also possesses good thermal stability. Its superhydrophobicity can be maintained from 20 to 90 degrees C.
Endothelial adenine uptake as an assay for cell- or complement-mediated cytotoxicity. (1977)

[3H] Adenine uptake by monolayers of cultured pig aortic endothelium was characterized and used as the basis for a terminal adenine uptake cytotoxicity assay. This assay was used to demonstrate specific cytotoxicity against donor-type endothelium by serum and by peripheral blood lymphocytes from skin-graft allergized pigs, and to compare the time course of these two types of effector mechanism.
Scheduling and Dynamic Relocation for IEEE 802.11s Mesh Deterministic Access (2008)

Deployment of Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) is becoming increasingly popular due to the low-impact and low- cost features of wireless devices. This is especially true for WMNs based on IEEE 802.11 which, however, does not include native support for multi-hop relaying. This gap is being filled by the Task Group 's' of the IEEE 802.11 which has recently published an amendment in order to add mesh functions to the popular standard IEEE 802.11. Among the enhancements proposed, Mesh Deterministic Access (MDA) allows mesh routers to negotiate periodic collision-free transmission opportunities, called MDAOPs, to the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer on a hop- by-hop manner. Control messages are exchanged to advertise the reserved MDAOPs in the two-hop neighborhood. MDA lays the foundations for enabling QoS provisioning functions in IEEE 802.11s WMNs, such as end-to-end bandwidth reservation, call admission control, and traffic engineering. In this paper we study the problem of scheduling MDAOPs, which is left unspecified by the standard, and propose two baseline algorithms. Furthermore, we provide evidence that performance under MDA can be significantly degraded by the unknown interference of traffic flows outside the two-hop neighborhood. A dynamic relocation procedure is proposed in order to combat this phenomenon, thus providing traffic flows established in the WMN with stable performance. This procedure does not need any modifications to the standard MDA procedure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that tackles this problem in the context of IEEE 802.11s. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is evaluated by means of a packet-level simulation.
Analysis of beechwood creosote by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. (1989)

Compounds in beechwood creosote were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and 22 major constituents were identified. Of these, 19 were phenolic compounds, i. e., guaiacol, phenol, two cresol isomers, four methylguaiacol (creosol) isomers, six xylenol isomers, two trimethylphenol isomers, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethyl-5-methylguaiacol, and 4-propylguaiacol. The remaining three were hitherto unpredicted five-membered ring compounds, i. e., 3-methyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 3,5-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, and 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one. The relative quantities of these compounds were also compared with those obtained by high-resolution high-performance liquid chromatography. This report probably represents the first extensive analysis of beechwood creosote.
Dietary n‐3 (ω‐3) polyunsaturated fatty acid effects on animal tumorigenesis (1991)

Environmental variables influence the incidence and expression of disease. Dietary fat is one environmental variable that has been associated experimentally and epidemiologically with alterations in certain types of tumorigenesis. Recently, detailed biochemical analyses have shown that not all fatty acid families possess the same tumor-promoting potential. In general, diets containing high levels of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have routinely enhanced tumorigenesis in lipid sensitive carcinogen-induced and tumor transplant tumor models, whereas diets with equivalent levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have diminished tumorigenesis. At present, there is no definitive biochemical mechanism that fully explains these observations, but several possibilities have been proposed. One of the most attractive of these hypotheses is that each polyunsaturated fatty acid family has an individual effect on eicosanoid metabolism which determines its tumor-promoting potential. Regardless of current uncertainties about mechanisms of action, however, results of numerous animal models affirm the importance of qualitative, as well as quantitative, dietary lipid differences on tumorigenesis. This knowledge strengthens the probability that further advances in our understanding of lipid-tumor interrelationships will have important preventive and therapeutic medical benefits.
Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus curvatus SE1 isolated from Kimchi (1998)

Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from Kimchi and screened for bacteriocin production. Strain SE1, identified as Lactobacillus curvatus sp., showed the strongest inhibitory activity against Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii. The bacteriocin was inactivated by amyloglucosidase, trypsin, or protease K treatment. However, it maintained its activity under heat treatment at 100°C for 60 min. The production of the bacteriocin had a growth-related mode and decreased around the early-stationary phase. The optimum temperature for the growth of L. curvatus SE1 was 37°C; however, the optimum temperature for bacteriocin production was 30°C. The bacteriocin activity was decreased by treatment with methanol, butanol, acetone, or chloroform, however, it was not affected by treatment with ethanol, iso-propanol, or cyclohexane. The inhibitory activity of bacteriocin was stable over a wide range of pHs (2 to 11). The bacteriocin from L. curvatus SE1 killed the indicator strain by a bactericidal mode of action. The bacteriocin from L. curvatus SE1 was partially purified by ethanol precipitation and ion exchange chromatography. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to determine the molecular weight of the bacteriocin by the bacteriocin activity test. The apparent molecular mass of the bacteriocin produced by L. curvatus SE1 was about 14 kDa.
Size reduction of gold particles in aqueous solution by pulsed laser irradiation (1998)

When the gold particles produced by the chemical reduction of hydrogen chloroaurate solution were irradiated by the second harmonic of a pulsed Nd:Yag laser (532 nm), their diameter was reduced from more than several deca-nm to less than 20 nm. At the same time, the shape of the particles, originally nonspherical, became spherical. This phenomenon was limited to pulsed laser, and is caused by the heating of the particles within the very short time of laser irradiation; the very large absorption cross section of the particles at the plasmon absorption and the thermal insulation of the irradiated particles in water should be responsible.
Data security (1998)

Maintaining data quality is an important requirement in any organization. It requires measures for access control, semantic integrity, fault tolerance and recovery. Access control regulates the access to the system by users to ensure that all accesses are authorized according to some specified policies. We briefly survey the state of the art in access control for database systems, discuss the main research issues, and outline possible directions for future research.
The Matter of Time -- A General and Efficient System for Precise Sensor Synchronization in Robotic Computing (2021)

Time synchronization is a critical task in robotic computing such as autonomous driving. In the past few years, as we developed advanced robotic applications, our synchronization system has evolved as well. In this paper, we first introduce the time synchronization problem and explain the challenges of time synchronization, especially in robotic workloads. Summarizing these challenges, we then present a general hardware synchronization system for robotic computing, which delivers high synchronization accuracy while maintaining low energy and resource consumption. The proposed hardware synchronization system is a key building block in our future robotic products.
Unsupervised Object Discovery: A Comparison (2009)

The goal of this paper is to evaluate and compare models and methods for learning to recognize basic entities in images in an unsupervised setting. In other words, we want to discover the objects present in the images by analyzing unlabeled data and searching for re-occurring patterns. We experiment with various baseline methods, methods based on latent variable models, as well as spectral clustering methods. The results are presented and compared both on subsets of Caltech256 and MSRC2, data sets that are larger and more challenging and that include more object classes than what has previously been reported in the literature. A rigorous framework for evaluating unsupervised object discovery methods is proposed.
Fighting against the dark side of neutrophil extracellular traps in disease (2012)

On the basis of the type of the disease and its severity as well as the outcome of NET generation, different therapeutic strategies may be considered to dampen the inauspicious consequences of exaggerated NET formation and function. Applying combinations of compounds that aim to decrease the adverse activity of DNA and NET-associated proteins/enzymes may increase the efficiency of treatment.
[Calcium transport in endoplasmic reticulum of the rat liver during lipid peroxidation]. (1990)

Some parameters of calcium transport in rat liver microsomes under conditions of lipoperoxidation activation modelled by antioxidant deficiency (AOD) were studied. This process was shown to be associated with a sharp stimulation of NADPH- and ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation in hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum. The activation of lipid peroxidation was accompanied by disturbances in the kinetic properties of Ca2(+)-ATPase. This was paralleled with a considerable decrease of the ATP-dependent 45Ca-accumulation, increase in the passive permeability of microsomal vesicles for Ca2+ and Ca2+ elevation in the microsomal fraction. The AOD-induced diminution of the Ca2(+)-pump efficiency was slightly prevented by injections of rats with the antioxidants, alpha-tocopherol acetate and ionol which enable Ca2+ compartmentation correction in liver cytosol and membrane fractions.
Gastrointestinal metastases from malignant tumors of the lung (1982)

Autopsy data of 423 cases of primary tumor of the lung over a 36-year period were evaluated for the presence of gastrointestinal tract metastases. Fifty-eight cases (14%) were found and were analyzed for histologic nature of tumor, anatomic location, symptomatology and complications. The most common histologic type of lung tumor causing gastrointestinal tract metastasis was squamous cell (19 cases, 33%), followed by large cell (17 cases, 29%), and oat cell (11 cases, 19%). The esophagus was the most common site of involvement (33 cases). Fourteen of the 33 cases were involved by direct extension of the tumor. The middle third of the esophagus had metastases more commonly (16/33, 49%) than the other two sites. Most patients with gastrointestinal metastases had no symptoms. In those patients with symptoms, dysphagia was most common when the tumor involved the proximal gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach), whereas, pain was most commonly seen with involvement of the distal gastrointestinal tract (small bowel, large bowel). Six of 20 patients (30%) with small bowel involvement experienced perforation and peritonitis as complications of metastatic involvement and two patients with large bowel metastasis had obstruction; a third had dehiscence of a previous anastomotic site. Gastrointestinal tract metastases from primary carcinoma of the lung are more common than previously thought and may be associated with serious clinical complications.
Studies on Acylneuraminate Cytidylyltransferase from Human Placenta (1984)

The presence of acylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase has not been shown in human placenta so far. In this paper, evidence is put forward to demonstrate the presence of this enzyme in human placenta. The soluble enzyme was partially purified 30-fold using ammonium sulphate fractionation (30-60%) and DEAE Sephadex A-50 chromatography. This enzyme preparation had a specific activity of 0.75 mkat/kg protein. The pH optimum of the reaction was 9.0. The Km values for N-acetylneuraminic acid and cytidine triphosphate were 2.2 mM and 4 mM respectively. It was also found that the presence of magnesium is necessary for the enzyme activity.
Clinical predictors of response in metastatic germ cell tumors (1988)

Twenty-two patients with bulky, metastatic germ cell tumors were treated with cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, dactinomycin, bleomycin, and cisplatin (VAB) alternating with VP-16 and vincristine (VV). The overall complete response rate after chemotherapy with or without surgical excision of residual tissue was 63% (14 of 22 patients) with a median survival of 46 months. Five patients are dead of disease progression and three are alive beyond 3 years with only residual radiographic abnormalities. A retrospective analysis of prognostic variables (numbers of sites of disease, tumor marker levels) using two previously published prognosis formulas demonstrated a good correlation between prognostic variables (numbers of sites of disease, tumor marker levels) and the clinical assessment of prognosis based on tumor bulk and tumor marker level. Nevertheless, individual patients with other, unknown prognostic features may be incorrectly evaluated using either established formulas or clinical assessment of tumor bulk.
Operating and Evaluating Quadrature Modulators for Personal Communication Systems (1995)

The quadrature modulator is a fundamental radio component for worldwide digital wireless communication standards such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Digital Communications Systems—1800 MHz (DCS1800), Digital European Cordless Telecommunications (DECT), American and Personal Digital Cellular (ADC/PDC), Japanese Personal Handy Phone (PHP RCR28). A typical system application and the theory of operation of the quadrature modulator are described along with two practical evaluation methods. Radio system considerations are discussed for the quadrature modulator including phase and amplitude imbalances, DC offsets, time dependent phase errors, modulated carrier harmonics, and nonlinear impairments.
Introduction (2019)

This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book examines both the theoretical and practical aspects of online therapy and consultation. It argues that “an online environment may require a greater investment of time and energy to create and maintain a psychic space that supports learning through experience”. The book suggests that the fact that patients online are responsible to taking care of their needs encourages more self-reliance and conveys the message of trusting the patients’ inner resources. Most therapists ignore not only the fact that they do not control the setting and cannot create the conditions of the safe environment, but many other subtle events and incidents occurring online that they would never ignore when it is in-presence therapy. Group therapy is clearly less expensive and effective, however, group therapists know the technical and practical difficulty of bringing a group of people together in one place at a time.
Evaluation of Inter-Vehicle Ad Hoc Communication Protocol (2005)

In this paper, we propose an inter-vehicle ad-hoc communication protocol called RMDP (received message dependent protocol) which disseminates and propagates the preceding traffic information to the following vehicles, and discuss its performance. Our proposed protocol dynamically changes the dissemination interval depending on the number of reception messages for avoiding message collision in heavy traffic jam conditions. We design the parameters of the protocol based on the simulation results. Our simulation results show that by using RMDP, a lot of vehicles can acquire the preceding traffic information within very short periods. In addition, we have also shown that selection of disseminate data affects preceding traffic information acquiring time. Each vehicle holds other vehicles' tracks for some period. Depending on the number of preserved other vehicles' tracks and their preserved period, propagation ratio of the preceding traffic information varies. Some simulation results are explained.