gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
대상포진 환자의 통증치료에 관하여 (1990)

Fifty-one cases of acute herpes zoster infection were analyzed to search for the most effective management strategy of the disease, including pain relief and decreasing the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia. Anti-viral treatment was not included. Analgesics and nerve blocks, such as stellate ganglion block or epidural block, were helpful. Corticosteroid was administered in most of the cases either systemically or epidurally or both. Epidural administration of local anesthetic in combination with corticosteroid seemed to have certain advantages of excellent pain relief as a result of sympa- thetic blockade and regional plus systemic anti-inflammatory effects of the steroid, although this was not proved by definite statistical evidence.
Measurement of the inhomogeneity of a window (1991)

We describe three methods to measure the inhomogeneity of a window material. The first method immerses the window in a liquid between two planes. However, this method is inconvenient for some applications. The second method measures the optical figure of the front surface and then measures the return wavefront that transmits through the window and reflects from the rear surface of the window. The advantage of this method is that it can remove the contributions of both the surface figures and the return flat plus the system error of the interferometer. The disadvantage is that a small wedge must be fabricated between the two surfaces to eliminate spurious interference. The third method derives the inhomogeneity of the window material by measuring the optical figure of the front surface of the window and then flipping the mirror to measure the back surface. The advantage of this method is that it is not necessary to have a wedge between the two surfaces. The disadvantage of the window-flipping method is that the contribution of system error can increase.
Molecular characterization of the cysJIH promoters of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli: regulation by cysB protein and N-acetyl-L-serine (1989)

The cysJIH promoter regions from Salmonella typhimurium LT7 and Escherichia coli B were cloned and sequenced. Primer extension analyses showed that the major in vivo transcription initiation site in S. typhimurium is located 171 nucleotides upstream of the cysJ start codon. Minor start sites were found 8 and 9 nucleotides downstream of the major site. In vivo transcription initiation in E. coli was found to occur at a single site 66 nucleotides upstream of the cysJ start codon. Primer extension studies also indicated that chromosomal cysJIH transcription is stimulated by sulfur limitation and repressed by growth on L-cystine. Paradoxically, in strains carrying plasmids containing the S. typhimurium cysJIH region, the highest levels of primer extension products were found with RNA from cells grown on L-cystine, even though levels of the proteins encoded by cysJ and cysI were normally repressed. In vitro transcription runoff studies with DNA template from the S. typhimurium cysJIH promoter region showed synthesis of a product originating at the major in vivo start site, which was dependent on the presence of purified cysB protein and either O-acetyl-L-serine or N-acetyl-L-serine. N-Acetyl-L-serine was 10- to 30-fold more active than O-acetyl-L-serine as an in vitro inducer of cysJIH transcription.
Negative Impedance Telephone Repeaters (1954)

In the exchange telephone plant, speech is transmitted largely at voice frequencies over a single pair of wires that carries conversation in both directions. Until recently, adequate transmission was assured through a suitable choice of coil loading and conductor size. The need for voice frequency amplifiers had long been recognized, but wide use of the conventional hybrid type of repeater with separate amplifiers for conversation in the two directions had not been economic. In 1948, however, a new type of repeater was introduced that used the same source of gain for transmission in both directions, and did not require costly filters. This repeater is known as the E1 repeater. It operates as a negative impedance in the line. This paper describes the wide field of usefulness of two new types of negative impedance repeaters, the E2 and E3. Sufficient theory is given to show the advantages of using two types of negative impedance in a line, the series type and the shunt type, and how, by the addition of the shunt type to the series type, it is possible to insert gain without serious reactions on line impedance. The new equipment is described and maintenance features, together with methods of testing this relatively new type of repeater, are discussed.
Sonic Energy in Granular Solid Fluidization (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSonic Energy in Granular Solid FluidizationR. D. MorseCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1955, 47, 6, 1170–1175Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50546a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50546a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A CMOS/SOS multiplier (1984)

A CMOS/SOS 16b x 16b parallel multiplier with a chip using a modified array to speed arithmetic, performing a 16b x 16b multiplication typically in 27ns, while dissipating 150mW power, will be reported. Functions and pin configuration of the chip have been designed to have upward compatibility with commercially available LSI multipliers*
Influence of Molecular Weight and Regioregularity on the Polymorphic Behavior of Poly(3-decylthiophenes) (1997)

High molecular mass and high regioregularity favor the more common polymorph (form I) of poly(3-alkylthiophenes) and substantially extend toward high temperatures the existence domain of the 2D mesomorphic phase, which these systems access above 70−80 °C. Morphological observations indicate that in thin films of form I the planar polythiophene main chains lie roughly edge-on parallel to the film surface, while side chains are approximately orthogonal to the substrate. Evidence relative to the second polymorph (form II), easily obtained with low-molecular-mass material, indicates that side-chain interdigitation is unlikely in this modification, just as in form I. Diffraction patterns in which the two crystalline phases coexist show that the longer axis directions in the two forms are approximately orthogonal, suggesting differences in the crystallization process. Very low-molecular-weight systems tend to crystallize preferentially in form II and give rise to a mesophase characterized by very low degrees of order, probably monodimensional. High regioregularity of the samples appears to affect both the intramolecular order and the packing.
<title>New Two-Dimensional Photon Camera</title> (1982)

A new photon sensitive camera has been developed that determines the position of each photon as it arrives. It is made from easily available parts, is reasonably compact, and modest in cost. The present version will supply 8-bit by 8-bit photon positions (256 x 256 pixels) at rates as high as 106/sec. It has a flexible two-dimensional format, allowing it to be used as a 256 x 256 pixel camera, a 64 x 1024 pixel camera, or any other format that keeps the total number of pixels constant, provided a linear resolution of about 10 microns is not exceeded. The present system records the sequence of photon positions digitally onto video tape using a portable VHS format video tape recorder. Two hours of data can be recorded on a single cassette tape. Although this recording scheme limits the camera to rates of only 105 detected photons/sec, it is still faster than direct digital recording onto portable computer tape drives. If there is no need to store the positions of the individual photons, and the photons are directly summed to form a picture, as in a computer memory, the camera can operate at its maximum rate. A microcomputer is used to monitor the performance of the camera by sampling the data at rates it can handle. The quantum efficiency of photon detection is that obtained with the usual photocathodes, namely about 10 to 20% at visible wavelengths. Since the camera counts photons it has a large dynamic range, and when the photocathode dark count is reduced by cooling, the noise in each pixel is that due to counting statistics alone even when the total count is small. The present application is directed towards speckle imaging of astronomical sources, high-resolution spectroscopy of faint galaxies in a crossed-dispersion spectrograph, and narrow-band direct imaging of galaxies, but other uses are clearly possible.
A virtual-service-domain based bidding algorithm for resource discovery in computational grid (2005)

Resource discovery is a basic service in grid computing: gives a description of resources desired and finds the available one to match the description. In computational grid, how to discover resources efficiently has become a crucial factor to evaluate the performance in the whole system. In this paper, we present a bid-based resource discovery algorithm, which converts a resource request into a bidding letter and sends it to a group of physical services owned by the same virtual service to call for bidding. All resources receiving bidding letter make offers to bid according to our algorithm. Job manager selects the best one to response client request. To evaluate the performance of our method, we compare our system with the centralized and peer-to-peer resource discovery approaches. The analysis results show that our system reduces average response time of jobs, leverages the cost of the resource discovery, and improves the system scalability.
The hydroxypropyl&ndash;&beta;-cyclodextrin complexation of toltrazuril for enhancing bioavailability (2018)

It can be concluded that the Tol-HP-β-CD increased the aqueous solubility and enhanced the oral bioavailability in rabbits. Complexation with HP-β-CD is a feasible way to prepare a rapidly absorbed and more bioavailable Tol oral product.
Cell-Free Supernatants from Probiotic<i>Lactobacillus casei</i>and<i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i>GG Decrease Colon Cancer Cell Invasion In Vitro (2012)

Probiotics have been shown to have a preventative role in colorectal carcinogenesis but research concerning their prophylactic potential in the later stages of colorectal cancer, specifically metastasis is limited. This study explored the potential of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from 2 probiotic Lactobacillus sp., Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, to inhibit colon cancer cell invasion by influencing matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and levels of the tight junction protein zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) in cultured metastatic human colorectal carcinoma cells. HCT-116 cells were treated with CFS from L. casei, L. rhamnosus, or Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (a gut commensal); or with uninoculated bacterial growth media. Treatment with CFS from both Lactobacillus sp. decreased colorectal cell invasion but treatment with CFS from B. thetaiotaomicron did not. CFS from both Lactobacillus sp. decreased MMP-9 and increased ZO-1 protein levels. L. rhamnosus CFS also lowered MMP-9 activity. To begin elucidating the secreted bacterial factor conveying these responses, Lactobacillus sp. CFS were fractionated into defined molecular weight ranges and cell invasion assessed. Fractionation revealed that the inhibitory activity was contained primarily in the >100 kDa and 50-100 kDa fractions, suggesting the inhibitory compound may be a macromolecule such as a protein, nucleic acid, or a polysaccharide.
Synthesis and configurational assignments of 3-substituted 2-deoxy-4-thio-D-erythro-pentafuranose derivatives (1996)

A new route is described to 1-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-4-thio-α,β-D-erythro-pentofuranose derivatives starting from L-arabinose. This route is amenable to variation in the 3-substituent and the 3-O-benzoyl and 3-azido derivatives were obtained in 17 and 15% yields, respectively, making this procedure easily the most economical entry to 4′-thionucleosides. The anomeric configuration of these and other thiosugars is established unequivocally.
Bactericidal Activity of Two IgG <sub>2a</sub> Murine Monoclonal Antibodies with Distinct Fine Specificities for Group B <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> Capsular Polysaccharide (1992)

To analyze the fine specificity of the protective IgG response for the capsule of group B Neisseria meningitidis (Men B) induced after immunization with live bacteria, two specific IgG2a monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been generated from hyperimmunized Balb/c and NZB mice (101C11 and 30H12). They specifically recognize in direct and competitive binding assays the capsular polysaccharides of Men B and Escherichia coli k1 on condition that the length of the polysaccharidic chain is sufficient to make a conformational structure (more than 15 monomers of alpha (2-->8) linked N-acetyl neuraminic acid). They do not interact with group A and group C Neisseria meningitidis polysaccharides in ELISA. A chemical derivative of the Men B polysaccharide, the N-propionylated Men B polysaccharide, considered as mimicking a unique bactericidal epitope on the surface of Men B is recognized by 101C11 but not by 30H12. The two mAb have, in vitro, a specific bactericidal activity against live Men B which do not seem serotype specific. Moreover, the killing of Men B mediated by 30H12 can be neutralized by an anti-idiotypic mAb (216F11) generated from A/J mice, immunized with polymerized 30H12. These data show that at least two distinct bactericidal epitopes exist on the surface of the Men B capsule.
Cogenerative, Direct Exhaust Integration of Gas Turbines in Ethylene Production (1990)

Within the past few years, gas turbines have been integrated in several new world-class ethylene production plants, for the first time using the exhaust as a source of preheated combustible oxygen for the cracking furnaces. The economic inducements and technical impact of such integration on the process are discussed. The general ethylene cracking and recovery process is described, and the various ways of integrating gas turbines are compared, culminating in the current leading designs. Means of providing ambient air backup to protect furnace operation from gas turbine trips are discussed. Furnace group sizing and oxygen demand for the major feedstocks, including naphtha and ethane/propane, are compared with the current range of oxygen and power available from single and dual gas turbines on the world market. Methods of partial integration, where gas turbine integration of the entire ethylene plant would produce more power than can be economically utilized or consume more premium fuel than available, are discussed. Fuel savings relative to ambient air operation are parametrized with percent exhaust oxygen and exhaust temperature. Aeroderivative and industrial gas turbine types are compared. Comparative economics with another means of gas turbine cogeneration, that of auxiliary boiler replacement with a combined cycle in a central utility, are presented.
Mitochondrial Depolarization Accompanies Cytochrome cRelease During Apoptosis in PC6 Cells (1999)

Cytochrome c is released from mitochondria into the cytosol in cells undergoing apoptosis. The temporal relationship between cytochrome c release and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was monitored by laser-scanning confocal microscopy in single living pheochromocytoma-6 cells undergoing apoptosis induced by staurosporine. Mitochondrial membrane potential monitored by tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester decreased abruptly in individual cells from 2 to 7 h after treatment with staurosporine. Depolarization was accompanied by cytochrome c release documented by release of transfected green fluorescent protein-tagged cytochrome c in these cells. The results show that mitochondrial depolarization accompanies cytochrome c release in pheochromocytoma-6 cells undergoing apoptosis.
Phylogeny of the phototrophic rhizobium strain BTAi1 by polymerase chain reaction-based sequencing of a 16S rRNA gene segment (1991)

A 260-bp segment of the DNA that encodes 16S rRNA, corresponding to positions 44 to 337 in the Escherichia coli sequence, was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced from each of 13 bacteria (rhizobia and purple phototrophs) in the alpha subdivision of the class Proteobacteria. The phylogenetic tree calculated from differences in the sequenced segment conforms well to our expectations based on other previously published data. The sequence from BTAi1 (a recently described phototrophic symbiont of the legume Aeschynomene) and that from the free-living phototroph Rhodopseudomonas palustris both fall within the range of variation found among strains of the soybean symbiont Bradyrhizobium japonicum. This suggests that it would be appropriate to include all of these organisms in a single genus.
Quantitative ratiometric discrimination between noncancerous and cancerous prostate cells based on neuropilin-1 overexpression (2011)

A multiplexed, ratiometric method is described that can confidently distinguish between cancerous and noncancerous epithelial prostate cells in vitro. The technique is based on bright surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) biotags (SBTs) infused with unique Raman reporter molecules, and carrying cell-specific peptides. Two sets of SBTs were used. One targets the neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) receptors of cancer cells through the RPARPAR peptide. The other functions as a positive control (PC) and binds to both noncancerous and cancer cells through the HIV-derived TAT peptide. Point-by-point 2D Raman maps of the spatial distribution of the two tags were constructed with subcellular resolution from cells simultaneously incubated with the two sets of SBTs. Averaging the SERRS signal over a given cell yielded an NRP/PC ratio from which a robust quantitative measure of the overexpression of the NRP-1 by the cancer cell line was extracted. The use of a local, on-cell reference produces quantitative, statistically robust measures of overexpression independent of such sources of uncertainty as variations in the location of the focal plane, the local cell concentration, and turbidity.
A New Approach to Amplified Telomerase Detection with Polyvalent Oligonucleotide Nanoparticle Conjugates (2008)

We report a new assay for human telomerase activity that relies on polyvalent oligonucleotide nanoparticle conjugates as diagnostic probes and amplification units. Gold nanoparticles functionalized with specific oligonucleotide sequences can efficiently capture telomerase enzymes and subsequently be elongated. Both the elongated and unmodified oligonucleotide sequences are simultaneously measured. The two strands not only serve as internal positive controls for each other but also provide a way of amplifying signal. At high concentrations, both elongated and unmodified strands exhibit measurable responses. At low telomerase concentrations (e.g., from 10 HeLa cells), elongated strands cannot be detected, but the unmodified sequences, which come from the same probe particles, can be detected because their concentration is higher, providing a novel form of amplification. This new assay rivals the sensitivity of the conventional PCR-based method of telomerase detection.
Video Coding Concepts (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Video CODEC Prediction model Image model Entropy coder The hybrid DPCM/DCT video CODEC model Summary References
Partly gain-clamped EDFAs with high gain and high power (1999)

A partly gain-clamped configuration which can realize high output power and high gain simultaneously is proposed. The parameters that affect the critical output power are investigated. Flat gain and low noise figure are also possible with this configuration.
In-fiber integrated optic devices for sensing applications (2012)

A brief introduction is given to the state-of-the-art of in-fiber integrated optics which includes in-fiber multi-waveguideds integration, in-fiber functional elements fabrication and in-fiber interferometers developments. The characteristics of in-fiber integrated devices are summarized and methods for their fabrication are also described. Examples of sensing are shown that it have the potential to be exploited in a variety of wide applications.
Deposition Characteristics of Aerially Applied Bacillus thuringiensis to a Hardwood Forest with Hydraulic Nozzles (1991)

Deposit measurements (international units [IU] per em2) were made on foliage after aerial application of Bactllus thurlngiensts Berliner to hardwood forests. The quantities of spray arriving above each tree (collected by artificial collectors above the canopy) and between the canopies of individual trees in the same spray block were highly variable. Spray deposition in average upper and lower canopy strata and cardinal positions within each strata also were variable, but overall deposit was not significantly different. Deposits, averaged over plot, were 1.35 (±0.07) and 1.26 (±0.11) log IV per cm2 for the upper and lower canopy, respectively. The rank order of deposits changed among strata and positions within strata such that no consistent pattern of deposition could be found between trees. However, because the upper canopy contained a greater foliage area, more B. thuringiensts was caught in the upper canopy (3.70 × 107 IU per tree) compared with the lower canopy (2.03 × 107 IU per tree). Overall recovery of the spray applied was 55.2% on the foliage and 6.0% at the ground level. Spray that was not accounted for was probably either deposited on the trunk and branches or drifted from the spray plot. Distribution of deposit between individual leaves closely conformed to a log-normal distribution.