gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of ZrC Coatings from ZrCl<sub>4</sub>-C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>-H<sub>2</sub> (2011)

ZrC coatings were prepared by CVD using ZrCl 4 , C 3 H 6 , and H 2 as the precursors. The mechanisms responsible for the effects of deposition temperature, H 2 flow rate and inlet C/Zr ratio on the ZrC coatings were studied based on the deposition mechanism of ZrC. The results indicate that the ZrC morphologies change from a loose spherical structure to a cauliflower structure, then to a glassy structure as the deposition temperature increases from 1050°C to 1150°C, then to 1250°C. The carbon content in the ZrC coatings increases with increasing the deposition temperature. Higher inlet C/Zr ratio can lead to rough surfaces and higher carbon content. Reasonable H 2 concentration can inhibit carbon deposition, and lead to a cauliflower structure.
A continuous emission monitor for quantitative measurement of PM10 emissions from stationary sources (2000)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
A neural network parallel algorithm for Ramsey numbers (1992)

A neural network parallel algorithm for finding Ramsey numbers in two-coloring is described. The Ramsey number R(r,b) is given by the smallest value of N, where all edges of a complete graph of (N-1) vertices are colored either red or blue, and red-colored and blue-colored subgraphs should not form any complete subgraph of r vertices and b vertices, respectively. A superimposed red-colored and blue-colored subgraph is called a Ramsey graph. The parallel algorithm, which is based on the hysteresis McCulloch-Pitts neural network, found five Ramsey numbers successfully. The neural network requires n(n-1) neurons for a Ramsey number of an n-vertex complete graph. The simulation result for the algorithm is so promising that it may be possible to find unknown Ramsey numbers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A climbing autonomous robot for inspection applications in 3D complex environments (2000)

Often inspection and maintenance work involve a large number of highly dangerous manual operations, especially within industrial fields such as shipbuilding and construction. This paper deals with the autonomous climbing robot which uses the “caterpillar” concept to climb in complex 3D metallic-based structures. During its motion the robot generates in real-time the path and grasp planning in order to ensure stable self-support to avoid the environment obstacles, and to optimise the robot consumption during the inspection. The control and monitoring of the robot is achieved through an advanced Graphical User Interface to allow an effective and user friendly operation of the robot. The experiments confirm its advantages in executing the inspection operations.
The zNose, a new electronic nose using acoustic technology (2000)

An array of sensors simulating the human olfactory response has become known as an electronic nose, or eNose. An eNose provides a vectorial image in N-dimensional space (where N equals the number of sensors) of specific vapor mixtures containing possibly hundreds of different chemical species. Typically, eNoses have only a few sensors, produce responses that are not correlated, and have poor sensitivity. A new type of electronic nose, based upon fast chromatography and a single high-Q acoustic sensor, solves these problems by stimulating a virtual sensor array containing hundreds of orthogonal sensors. Analysis of any odor is accomplished by serially polling this virtual sensor array or a spectrum of retention times. This paper will describe the acoustic technology as well as present results for applications involving important vapors associated with several commercial foods and beverages. Part per billion sensitivity has been achieved with volatile compounds and part per trillion sensitivity for semi-volatile compounds. Because the new acoustic technology is quantitative it is the only electronic nose technology to be validated by the US EPA. The commercial expression of this technology, the zNose, is now providing an on-line quantitative measure of quality for food, beverages, cosmetics, and other aromatic products.
Dynamics in Organic Ionic Liquids in Distinct Regions Using Charged and Uncharged Orientational Relaxation Probes (2010)

The temperature-dependent fluorescence anisotropy decay (orientational relaxation) of perylene and sodium 8-methoxypyrene-1,3,6-sulfonate (MPTS) were measured in a series of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (alkyl = ethyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl) organic room temperature ionic liquids (RTIL). The two fluorescent probe molecules display markedly different rotational dynamics when analyzed using Stokes-Einstein-Debye theory, demonstrating that they are located in distinct environments within the RTILs and have very different interactions with their surroundings. Perylene rotates with subslip behavior, becoming increasingly subslip as the length of ionic liquid alkyl chain is increased. The dynamics approach those of perylene in an organic oil. In contrast, MPTS shows superstick behavior, likely reflecting very strong coordination with the RTIL cations. These results are consistent with different elements of rotational friction within the ionic liquid structure, which are available to solutes depending on their chemical functionality.
cDNA‐array profiling of melanomas and paired melanocyte cultures (2006)

Three paired (from the same donor) sets of melanoma cells and normal melanocytes, established as early-passage cultures from metastatic lesions and the uninvolved skin of three patients, were comparatively cDNA profiled by macroarrays (approximately 1,200 genes) and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. While 145 gene products were significantly (at least twofold) upregulated or downregulated in at least 1 pair, and 23 were in at least 2 pairs, only 3 (the signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT2, collagen type VI, and CD9) were concordantly modulated (downregulation) in all 3 pairs. Array results were validated by RT-PCR on a small panel of surgically removed nevocellular nevi and metastatic melanoma lesions, and by immunohistochemistry on a large panel of benign and malignant lesions of the nevomelanocytic lineage. The three gene products were downregulated at different stages of melanoma progression. STAT2 was detectable in nevi (5/5) and most primary melanomas (11/12), but was lost in 10/15 metastatic lesions. Collagen type VI was expressed in nevi (5/5) and primary melanomas below a Breslow thickness of 1 mm (3/3), but was lost in 24/24 primary melanomas above this threshold, and in metastatic melanomas (10/10). The tetraspanin CD9 molecule was expressed in 18/18 nevi, but was lost in 20/28 primary melanomas (including thin lesions), and in 24/52 metastatic lesions. These data provide the proof of principle that cDNA profiling of paired melanocyte/melanoma cultures sorts out novel, early signatures of melanocyte transformation that could contribute to the clinical management of patients at high risk of metastatic disease.
La Flexibilización Laboral en Colombia frente a la ética empresarial (2011)

This article constitutes a research piece based on the project denominated “Normative harmonization about objective dismissal in Colombia in the context of business ethics.” The text analyzes the phenomenon of attaining labor flexibility, the conditions for its implementation in Colombia and the existing regulatory framework within national legislation. The starting point for this analysis is that the neoliberal model, being immersed in labor relations, pressuposes that the market participants are to separate themselves from the ethical foundations of labor law, and this leads to job insecurity, inequality and individualism in the marketplace. The analysis warns that the adopted model, as a consequence of globalization, has not permitted a betterment of the labor conditions for the working class. As a result, it appears necessary to include within the processes that lead to labor flexibility, an element of business ethics that has been lacking thus far, not knowingly that the emphasis from corporations on practicing social responsible business models can improve their productivity and help them seek new markets.
Bolometric measurement of the charge-density-wave gap in Ta<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1986)

Polarized bolometric spectra were measured on orthorhombic Ta${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ between 20 and 100 K. At the lowest temperature, the spectra are clearly absorption spectra, indicating that $o\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ has a semiconducting Peierls gap of ${E}_{g}=1240 {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}=8.1{k}_{B}{T}_{c}$. No sharp lines indicative of midgap soliton states are observed, although a long tail may be due to weakly pinning impurity states. The spectra become more complex at higher temperatures, but indicate that the gap decreases to 1025 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at 95 K. The gap energy is close to twice the activation energy observed in transport measurements.
The Psychoanalysis of Race: An Introduction (1997)

Every citizen of Europe and North America is haunted by specter of racism.1 Despite our concern to restrict this specter to traumatic chapters of history, it revisits contemporary society in shocking and surprising forms. Is it enough to criticize increasingly conservative strains in our political climate to understand this phenomenon, or to reclaim past in an attempt not to repeat it? What in fact can we learn from past? This collection interprets the tenacity of prejudice, to borrow Gertrude Selznick and Stephen Steinberg's phrase, in several literary and cultural texts. By unraveling conscious and unconscious dimensions of racism, these essays engage critically with fantasies organizing meaning of racial and ethnic identities. Overall,
A zwitterionic 1D/2D polymer co-crystal and its polymorphic sub-components: a highly selective sensing platform for HIV ds-DNA sequences (2016)

Polymorphic compounds {[Cu(dcbb)2(H2O)2]·10H2O}n (2, 1D chain), [Cu(dcbb)2]n (3, 2D layer) and their co-crystal {[Cu(dcbb)2(H2O)][Cu(dcbb)2]2}n (4) have been prepared from the coordination reaction of a 2D polymer [Na(dcbb)(H2O)]n (1, H2dcbbBr = 1-(3,5-dicarboxybenzyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium bromide) with Cu(NO3)2·3H2O at different temperatures in water. Compounds 2-4 have an identical metal-to-ligand stoichiometric ratio of 1 : 2, but absolutely differ in structure. Compound 3 features a 2D layer structure with aromatic rings, positively charged pyridinium and free carboxylates on its surface, promoting electrostatic, π-stacking and/or hydrogen-bonding interactions with the carboxyfluorescein (FAM) labeled probe single-stranded DNA (probe ss-DNA, delineates as P-DNA). The resultant P-DNA@3 system facilitated fluorescence quenching of FAM via a photoinduced electron transfer process. The P-DNA@3 system functions as an efficient fluorescent sensor selective for HIV double-stranded DNA (HIV ds-DNA) due to the formation of a rigid triplex structure with the recovery of FAM fluorescence. The system reported herein also distinguishes complementary HIV ds-DNA from mismatched target DNA sequences with the detection limit of 1.42 nM.
Avian Influenza Viruses (2012)

Abstract Avian influenza viruses comprise all recognised antigenic subtypes within the genus Influenza A of the Orthomyxoviridae family. They are found prominently in waterfowl, shorebirds and terrestrial birds and are sporadically transmitted to mammalian species. The consequences of such transmissions range from a subclinical infection to a mild infectious and/or lethal respiratory disease, as witnessed with highly pathogenic avian H5N1 viruses, which occasionally infect humans (resulting in cases of fatality rates >50%). Further, avian influenza viruses may cause pandemics by transmitting directly to humans (e.g. possibly the 1918 pandemic) or by reassorting with human and/or other (e.g. swine) influenza viruses (1957, 1968 and 2009 pandemics). Avian influenza viruses thus play a critical role in the ecology of influenza A viruses, and in the generation of novel variants that may cause severe infections or pandemic outbreaks in humans. Key Concepts: Influenza A viruses of all known haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) subtypes are found in aquatic birds. Avian influenza viruses can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), based on their pathogenicity in chickens. All mammalian influenza A viruses originate from avian influenza viruses. Avian influenza viruses play a critical role in the generation of pandemic influenza viruses through direct transmission to humans or reassortment with human and/or swine influenza viruses. Host species‐specific amino acids exist that distinguish avian and mammalian influenza viruses. Host species‐specific amino acids may affect critical functions in the viral life cycle such as receptor recognition and replicative ability; adaptive changes at such key amino acid positions may be critical for avian influenza viruses to cause pandemics in humans.
A Context Switch Reduction Technique for Real-time Task Synchronization (2001)

Reactions of the anionic gallium(i) heterocycle, [:Ga{[N(Ar)C(H)](2)}](-) (Ar = C(6)H(3)Pr(i)(2)-2,6), with two N,N-chelated zinc chloride complexes have yielded the compounds, [{Pr(i)(2)NC[N(Ar)](2)}ZnGa{[N(Ar)C(H)](2)}] and [(tmeda)Zn{Ga{[N(Ar)C(H)](2)}}(2)] which contain the first crystallographically characterised Zn-Ga bonds.
Stechkin-Marchaud-type inequalities of weighted approximation for Baskakov operators (2012)

In this paper, we introduce 2 ( f ;t) w, and prove a generalization of weighed Stechkin-Marchaud-type inequality for Baskakov operators, from which the inverse result of Baskakov operators with 2 ( f ;t) w, is obtained.
Therapeutic Apheresis for Renal Diseases (1998)

Plasma exchange is used frequently in renal diseases for the removal of the humoral components of immune responses. Various pathological circulating factors are recognized in primary and secondary renal diseases. Recent advances in medical technology have allowed a wider clinical application of plasmapheresis in the clinical management of a variety of conditions. However, the clinical efficacy of plasmapheresis in renal diseases is still controversial. In this article, we review the therapeutic use of apheresis in different renal diseases.
From Pastry to CrossROAD: CROSS-Layer Ring Overlay for AD Hoc Networks (2005)

P2P systems for mobile ad hoc networks are currently an open research area. Most of the existent solutions were thought for the wired networks, where thousands of nodes participate to the same service, while ad hoc networks are generally characterized by limited dimensions and scarce resources. In this paper, a performance evaluation of a structured P2P system (Pastry), running on a real ad hoc network, will be presented, and a new optimized solution, called CrossROAD, will be defined. CrossROAD exploits a cross-layer architecture to reduce the communication overhead introduced by Pastry and, at the same time, maintains all the basic principles of structured overlay networks.
Online Primal-Dual Algorithms for Covering and Packing (2009)

We study a wide range of online covering and packing optimization problems. In an online covering problem, a linear cost function is known in advance, but the linear constraints that define the feasible solution space are given one by one, in rounds. In an online packing problem, the profit function as well as the packing constraints are not known in advance. In each round additional information (i.e., a new variable) about the profit function and the constraints is revealed. An online algorithm needs to maintain a feasible solution in each round; in addition, the solutions generated over the different rounds need to satisfy a monotonicity property. We provide general deterministic primal-dual algorithms for online fractional covering and packing problems. We also provide deterministic algorithms for several integral online covering and packing problems. Our algorithms are designed via a novel online primal-dual technique and are evaluated via competitive analysis.
Preventing Phishing Attacks using One Time Password and User Machine Identification (2013)

Phishing is a type of attack in which cyber criminals tricks the victims to steal their personal and financial data. It has become an organized criminal activity. Spoofed emails claiming to be from legitimate source are crafted in a way to lead victims to reveal their personal, financial data by misdirecting them to the counterfeit website.
In vivo confocal microscopy of meibomian glands in glaucoma (2012)

In vivo LSCM is an effective tool in revealing morphological changes of MGs induced by anti-glaucoma medications. Given the key role in the ocular surface health, the evaluation of MG status in patients who are glaucomatous is worthwhile.
Misfolded Proteins Are Competent to Mediate a Subset of the Responses to Heat Shock in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2002)

Cells may sense heat shock via the accumulation of thermally misfolded proteins. To explore this possibility, we determined the effect of protein misfolding on gene expression in the absence of temperature changes. The imino acid analog azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZC) is incorporated into protein competitively with proline and causes reduced thermal stability or misfolding. We found that adding AZC to yeast at sublethal concentrations sufficient to arrest proliferation selectively induced expression of heat shock factor-regulated genes to a maximum of 27-fold and that these inductions were dependent on heat shock factor. AZC treatment also selectively repressed expression of the ribosomal protein genes, another heat shock factor-dependent process, to a maximum of 20-fold. AZC treatment thus strongly and selectively activates heat shock factor. AZC treatment causes this activation by misfolding proteins. Induction of HSP42 by AZC treatment required protein synthesis; treatment with ethanol, which can also misfold proteins, activated heat shock factor, but treatment with canavanine, an arginine analog less potent than AZC at misfolding proteins, did not. However, misfolded proteins did not strongly induce the stress response element regulon. We conclude that misfolded proteins are competent to specifically trigger activation of heat shock factor in response to heat shock.
Single-Photon-Single-Electron Transition for Interpretation of Optical Spectra of Nonspherical Metal Nanoparticles in Aqueous Colloidal Solutions (2018)

Noble metal nanoparticles—especially shape anisotropic particles—have pronounced resonances in the optical spectrum. These sensitive absorption modes attract great interest in various fields of application. For nonspherical particles, no analytic description of the absorption spectra according to the commonly used Mie theory is possible. In this work, we present a semi-empirical approach for the explanation of the optical spectra of shape anisotropic particles such as silver nanoprisms and gold nanorods. We found an interpretation of the optical absorption spectra which is based on a single-photon-single-electron transition. This model is in a better agreement with the basic assumptions of quantum mechanics than the electrodynamic model of a localized surface plasmon excitation. Based on microfluidically obtained Ag nanoprisms and Au nanorods with very high ensemble homogeneities, dependencies between the geometrical properties of the shape anisotropic noble metal nanoparticles and the spectral position of the longitudinal absorption mode could be derived, which show that the assumption of a composed relative permittivity and the inclusion of the Rydberg constant is sufficient to describe the optical properties of the shape anisotropic particles. Within the scope of the measuring accuracy, the calculations furthermore lead to the value of the refractive index of the particle-surrounding medium.
Electrical switching speed of the double-heterostructure optoelectronic switch (1987)

The electrical switching speed of a new double-heterostructure optoelectronic switch (designated DOES) is measured in a relaxation oscillator circuit. A minimum value of capacitance was required to obtain oscillations. The turn-on speed was measured to be 100 ps. The turn-off speed was limited to the RC pull-up time.
Transient Nuclear Induction and Double Nuclear Resonance in Solids (1956)

The behavior of transient nuclear induction signals from solids is described by a stochastic model based on a Markoff process. The model assumes the presence of local dipolar field fluctuations in a crystal due to a set $B$ of coupled nuclei. These fluctuations can destroy or enhance the observed precessional coherence of a different set $A$ of nuclei in the crystal. Coupling among $A$ spins is assumed negligible. The spin echo of $A$ formed at a given time $t$ has an amplitude determined by the magnitude and rate $R$ of field fluctuations. For values of $\mathrm{Rt}$ between zero and the order of unity the echo amplitude decreases, reaches a minimum at $\mathrm{Rt}\ensuremath{\sim}1$, and increases for $\mathrm{Rt}>1$. For $R$ larger than the spin $A$ static line width (when $R=0$) in units of frequency, line narrowing becomes effective, and is reflected in terms of increased lifetime and amplitudes of echo signals. The effect of $B$ spin (${\mathrm{Na}}^{23}$) continuous wave resonance upon the echo relaxation of $A({\mathrm{Cl}}^{35})$ is studied in NaCl${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, a nuclear quadrupole system. For sufficiently weak cw rf excitation of ${\mathrm{Na}}^{23}$, the behavior of ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{35}$ echoes roughly follows the behavior predicted by the stochastic model for changes in local field fluctuation rate $R$. The effect of coherent oscillations of local fields at larger cw rf excitation is discussed. Zeeman splittings of the ${\mathrm{Na}}^{23}$ quadrupole resonance are studied by the double resonance method. The decay of spin echo signals in liquids, as a result of molecular diffusion, is conveniently described by the stochastic model.
Open volume TEM quadrature coil for high-field imaging (2004)

A half-open seven-element volume quadrature TEM coil has been developed by utilizing two orthogonal resonant modes made degenerate in frequency and operated 90 degrees out of phase. The coil combines the features of a volume and surface devices, providing large B1 homogeneous region as well as improved efficiency, patient comfort and accessibility. Additionally, it self-compensates the RF penetration artifact, which is generally observed for linear coils at high frequencies. The design details as well as the results of the phantom and volunteer studies are provided.
On Key Assignment for Hierarchical Access Control (2006)

A key assignment scheme is a cryptographic technique for implementing an information flow policy, sometimes known as hierarchical access control. All the research to date on key assignment schemes has focused on particular encryption techniques rather than an analysis of what features are required of such a scheme. To remedy this we propose a family of generic key assignment schemes and compare their respective advantages. We note that every scheme in the literature is simply an instance of one of our generic schemes. We then conduct an analysis of the Aki-Taylor scheme and propose a number of improvements. We also demonstrate that many of the criticisms that have been made of this scheme in respect of key updates are unfounded, finally, exploiting the deeper understanding we have acquired of key assignment schemes, we introduce a technique for exploiting the respective advantages of different schemes.