gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolamento e seleção de estirpes de rizóbio (Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae) para lentilha em condições hidropônicas (2008)

A lentilha é uma das leguminosas mais antigas utilizadas na alimentação humana. Devido à baixa nodulação da lentilha oriunda do uso do inoculante comercial foram iniciados trabalhos de isolamento e seleçãode estirpes bacterianas de rizóbio para esta espécie. O objetivo do trabalho foi reavaliar estirpes recomendadas oficialmente e testar novas estirpes bacterianas isoladas a partir de nódulos coletados a campo. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos e testadas 39 estirpes de rizóbio isoladas na Epagri/Estação Experimental de Lages. Os resultados permitiram concluir que as estirpes EEL 9002, 9102, 9602, 9702, 9902, 10402, 10502, e 18499 são eficientes e podem ser utilizadas em testes de avaliação em solo, em vasos na casa de vegetação e a campo.
Cross-sensitivity of methylating agents, hydroxyurea, and methotrexate in human tumor cells of the Mer- phenotype. (1986)

Five human tumor cell lines of the Mer- phenotype sensitive to killing by the methylating agent 5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide were sensitive to hydroxyurea (HU) compared with 15 cell lines resistant to methylating agents (Mer+ phenotype). In a study using fewer cell lines, Mer- cells were also sensitive to methotrexate but not to seven other agents including the antimetabolites 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and 5-fluorouracil. Cells sensitive to HU were designated the Hu- phenotype. Five autologous Mer+ lines, derived in vitro by treating Mer- lines with methylating agents, did not become resistant to HU or methotrexate (Mer+ Hu- phenotype). All Mer+ lines studied had enhanced ability to reactive methylated adenovirus. Adenovirus was inactivated by prolonged treatment with HU, but no enhanced reactivation of HU-treated virus was found in Mer+ cell lines. Cell survival after 5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide treatment was not significantly decreased by HU, nor was replication of methylated adenovirus inhibited by HU in Mer- or Mer+ lines. Replication of untreated adenovirus was poor in Mer- cells treated with HU, indicating that sensitivity of cells to HU was associated with inhibition of DNA synthesis. These results suggest that cell sensitivity to deoxynucleotide depletion is linked, perhaps coincidentally, to the Mer- phenotype. The retention of HU and methotrexate sensitivity by cells after development of resistance to 5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide may have therapeutic implications.
Tetrathiafulvalene Crowns: Redox-Switchable Ligands (2001)

A series of redox-responsive ligands that associate the electroactive tetrathiafulvalene core with polyether subunits of various lengths has been synthesized. X-ray structures are provided for each of the free ligands. The requisite structural criteria for reaching switchable ligands are satisfied for the largest macrocycles, that is, planarity of the 1,1',3,3'-tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) pi system and correctly oriented coordinating atoms. The ability of these ligands to recognize various metal cations as a function of the cavity size has been investigated by various techniques (LSIMS, 1H NMR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry). These systems exhibit an unprecedented high coordination ability among TTF crown ethers. Their switchable ligating properties have been confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, and metal-cation complexation has been illustrated by X-ray structures of three of the corresponding metal complexes (Pb2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+). Solid-state structures of these complexes display original packing modes with channel-like arrangements.
Xanthine oxidase is involved in exercise-induced oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1999)

In the present study, we hypothesized that exhaustive exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) results in glutathione oxidation and lipid peroxidation and that xanthine oxidase (XO) contributes to free radical generation during exercise. COPD patients performed incremental cycle ergometry until exhaustion with (n = 8) or without (n = 8) prior treatment with allopurinol, an XO inhibitor. Reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and lipid peroxides [malondialdehyde (MDA)] were measured in arterial blood. In nontreated COPD patients, maximal exercise (approximately 75 W) resulted in a significant increase in the GSSG-to-GSH ratio (4. 6 +/- 0.9% at rest vs. 9.3 +/- 1.7% after exercise). In nontreated patients, MDA increased from 0.68 +/- 0.08 nmol/ml at rest up to 1. 32 +/- 0.13 nmol/ml 60 min after cessation of exercise. In contrast, in patients treated with allopurinol, GSSG-to-GSH ratio did not increase in response to exercise (5.0 +/- 1.2% preexercise vs. 4.6 +/- 1.1% after exercise). Plasma lipid peroxide formation was also inhibited by allopurinol pretreatment (0.72 +/- 0.15 nmol/ml preexercise vs. 0.64 +/- 0.09 nmol/ml 60 min after exercise). We conclude that strenuous exercise in COPD patients results in blood glutathione oxidation and lipid peroxidation. This can be inhibited by treatment with allopurinol, indicating that XO is an important source for free radical generation during exercise in COPD.
Depth of Focus and Depth of Field in Holography (1965)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Reinhard W. Meier, "Depth of Focus and Depth of Field in Holography," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55, 1693_1-1694 (1965) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Real time robust L1 tracker using accelerated proximal gradient approach (2012)

Recently sparse representation has been applied to visual tracker by modeling the target appearance using a sparse approximation over a template set, which leads to the so-called L1 trackers as it needs to solve an ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm related minimization problem for many times. While these L1 trackers showed impressive tracking accuracies, they are very computationally demanding and the speed bottleneck is the solver to ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm minimizations. This paper aims at developing an L1 tracker that not only runs in real time but also enjoys better robustness than other L1 trackers. In our proposed L1 tracker, a new ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm related minimization model is proposed to improve the tracking accuracy by adding an ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm regularization on the coefficients associated with the trivial templates. Moreover, based on the accelerated proximal gradient approach, a very fast numerical solver is developed to solve the resulting ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm related minimization problem with guaranteed quadratic convergence. The great running time efficiency and tracking accuracy of the proposed tracker is validated with a comprehensive evaluation involving eight challenging sequences and five alternative state-of-the-art trackers.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL HYDRODYNAMIC CALCULATIONS (1959)

Previous discuesions of a computing method for solving two-dimensional hydrodynamic problems are amplified and extended. Results of computations are presented for problems involving shock diffraction and refraction, surface instibilities, and viscous flow. (auth)
Antiviral Oligo- and Polyribonucleotides Containing Selected Triazolo[2,3-<i>a</i>]purines (1998)

Several amphipathic (hydrophobic base, hydrophilic backbone) polyribonucleotides have recently been shown to have potent antiviral activity against HIV and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The working hypothesis developed during these studies was that the ability to form an ordered, non-hydrogen-bonded array in solution was an important criterion for activity. To explore further the role of structure and molecular size on the inhibition of virus replication, one new polynucleotide and two 32-mer oligonucleotides based on the triazolo[2,3-a]purine ring system have now been prepared. High-molecular-weight polynucleotide 4a (PTPR) and sulfur-containing 32-mer 5b (TTPR) were moderately active against HIV but showed greater potency against HDMV than ganciclovir. Both 4a and 5b gave clear evidence of cooperative melting behavior, whereas inactive 32-mer 5a showed no such behavior.
Methylbromosilanes (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethylbromosilanesW. F. Gilliam, R. N. Meals, and Robert O. SauerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 7, 1161–1163Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01211a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01211a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct selenium x-ray detector for fluoroscopy, R&F, and radiography (2000)

The use of selenium alloys for direct conversion fluoroscopy flat-panel detectors has been underestimated. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the salient features of a selenium-based detector designed for R&F applications. The detector has an active area of 30 cm X 27 cm and comprises 2048 X 1792 pixels at 150 micrometer pitch. The geometric fill factor is 66%, but experimental evidence supports the fact that internal electric field bending leads to an effective fill factor approaching unity. The detector is designed to support full resolution images at 15 frames/second, and 896 X 1024 resolution at 30 frames/second. The detector is coated with a simple coplanar 'p-i-n' selenium diode structure which has a dark current less than 100 pA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. The thickness of this structure is 1000 micrometer to absorb 77% of a NEMA standard fluoroscopy beam. Measurements show we have obtained an x-ray sensitivity of 4400pC/mR/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, which translates to 1212 collected charges per absorbed x-ray. Resolution was measured to be near the theoretically predicted values, with a modulation of 63% at the Nyquist limit of 3.33 lp/mm. Phantom images were obtained at a frame rate of 15 frames per second, and negligible lag was observed in this image sequence.
Discriminative spatial pyramid (2011)

Spatial Pyramid Representation (SPR) is a widely used method for embedding both global and local spatial information into a feature, and it shows good performance in terms of generic image recognition. In SPR, the image is divided into a sequence of increasingly finer grids on each pyramid level. Features are extracted from all of the grid cells and are concatenated to form one huge feature vector. As a result, expensive computational costs are required for both learning and testing. Moreover, because the strategy for partitioning the image at each pyramid level is designed by hand, there is weak theoretical evidence of the appropriate partitioning strategy for good categorization. In this paper, we propose discriminative SPR, which is a new representation that forms the image feature as a weighted sum of semi-local features over all pyramid levels. The weights are automatically selected to maximize a discriminative power. The resulting feature is compact and preserves high discriminative power, even in low dimension. Furthermore, the discriminative SPR can suggest the distinctive cells and the pyramid levels simultaneously by observing the optimal weights generated from the fine grid cells.
Novel materials for improved quality of RF-PA in base-station applications (2005)

New materials, design, and production technology have been introduced into laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) radio frequency power amplifier (RF-PA) transistors to provide advanced thermal features and increased thermal conductivity (K/sub th/). Recently, K/sub th/ of WCu flanges has been increased by nearly 25% from near 160W/mK to near 200W/mK. Further improvements in the latest generation of the RF-PA utilize novel flange materials such as Cu-laminate with even higher K/sub th/, by more than 25% compared to WCu. The development of Cu-laminate flange structures, involved optimization between achieving higher K/sub th/ and preserving desired mechanical properties for low stress and long-term reliability. Such optimization provided desired flatness for the RF-PA; yielding in lower interfacial thermal resistance between the RF-PA transistor flange and the next level heat sink. Furthermore, well characterized, highly thermally conductive, and very robust AuSi die attach was employed for efficient and reliable thermal coupling. Constellation of such materials and production technology improved overall quality of the RF-PA, enabling successful implementation in base-stations.
Management of HIV Drug-Resistant Infections (2004)

More than 16 drugs are currently licensed for therapy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, categorized as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nNRTIs), protease inhibitors (Pls), and most recently, fusion inhibitors. These are listed in Table 1. Virological resistance has been documented against all these drugs, both in vitro and in vivo, and the topic of this chapter is the implications of such resistance for clinical management.
Yield of Paeonia Radix and Changes of Paeoniflorin Concentration in Paeonia Radix with Different Growing Stages (1994)

This experiment was conducted to determine best harvesting time and observe paeoniflorin and some chemical component concentrations of 4-year-old paeonia radix in Euisung and Milyang varieties. Concentrations of paeoniflorin and some chemical components were investigated at 8 periods from Feb. to Oct. Yield of paeonia radix was investigated in Aug. 19, Sep. 18 and Oct. 17. Paeoniflorin and some chemical components were changed seriously at May as flowering time and stabilized after June. The lowest dry matter ratio was 23% and the maximum shrinkage ratio was 47% in May during all the growing stages. Especially, the difference of paeoniflorin concentrations between Euisung and Milyang was about 2%, and paeoniflorin concentrations in Milyang were higher than in Euisung variety during all the stages. Serious infection of disease in October, stem length, stem number per stock and healthful stem ratio in October were more reduced than in August. Yield of paeonia radix was not different from August to September, but that of October harvest was obviously reduced by root-decay-disease. Reasonable harvesting time in 4-year-old paeonia radix was late August to mid-September. When infected shoot rate by disease were severely high, early harvest was more stable in the yield and quality aspects.
Client-based and Network-based solutions for Distributed Mobility Management (2011)

Internet traffic has increased steeply in recent years, mainly due to the fruition of video and other streaming contents, social platforms and peer-to-peer networks. In addition, the quick penetration of hand-held devices equipped with multiple radios (e.g., 3G and WiFi), sees to it that wireless access represents an ever-growing portion of current and future demand, thus encouraging operators to investigate and deploy different combinations of wireless access technologies with the purpose of educing their operational costs (the so-called “4G” architecture).It is hence necessary to adopt an efficient mobility management technique to meet users’ expectation of an “anywhere, anytime” connectivity. Nevertheless, the use of centralized mobility management approaches – such as Mobile IPv6 and Proxy Mobile IPv6 – is foreseen to bring some difficulties to operators, due to the expected large number of mobile users and their exigent demands. All this has triggered the need for Distributed Mobility Management (DMM) alternatives,
focused on moving the mobility anchors from the core network to the edge, pushing them closer to the users. The purpose of such new research direction is to overcome the
limitations imposed by a centralized approach, alleviating operators’ costs by deploying a more efficient network, envisioning also the heterogeneity of the underlying technology. This work first explores two protocols for mobility support, Mobile IPv6 and Proxy Mobile IPv6, taken as main referents for, respectively, the host-based mobility approach and the network based one. We next elaborate the extensions and the changes to transform them
according to the distributed mobility management paradigm, proposing several complete solutions. Finally, we analytically compare the distributed solutions to their centralized counterparts, in order to derive which are the most suitable scenarios for their applicability.
Stochastic tracking in image sequences (2009)

Tracking features along image sequences is a Computer Vision problem which has evolved considerably in the last years. In fact, improvements have been made to try overcome difficult and ambiguous situations generated by cluttered backgrounds, occlusions, large geometric deformations, illumination variation or noisy data [1, 2]. On the other hand, with better computational and imaging resources, and the considerable research work done in the last decades, results are expected to be more accurate in the numerous applications of movement tracking, such as surveillance, analysis of objects deformation, medical image analysis and traffic monitoring [2, 3].Usually, to track an object along an image sequence several measurements are made upon each image. However, those measurements do not always provide true values due to some of the above mentioned problems. The stochastic framework used in this work filters the imprecise measurements and maintains an estimation of the current state of an object. For that we have used the Kalman Filter and the more recent Unscented Kalman Filter [4]. To initialize such filters several assumptions should be made, but as results are obtained, the initial suppositions may be improved. In particular the dynamic model of the objects movement may be learned my means of hidden Markov models [5], and used to obtain more robust and precise estimates. In this work we will analyse the results obtained with the mentioned filters, as well as evaluate the influence of the used dynamic model.We will show that the proposed combination of approaches allows the successful tracking of complex motions with abrupt changes.
Formation of titanium nitride layers by the nitridation of titanium in high-pressure ammonium ambient (1990)

Nitridation of titanium layer is performed in a high-pressure (5.9 kg/cm2) ammonium (NH3) ambient. Although the nitridation of titanium surface does not occur at 700 °C in an atmospheric pressure, it does occur at 650 °C in an ammonium pressure of 5.9 kg/cm2. Nitridation temperature can be lowered by 100–150 °C with an increase in ammonium pressure from 2.0 to 5.9 kg/cm2. Thickness of titanium nitride layer increased markedly with increasing ammonium pressure. This is due to the enhancement of the chemical reaction of titanium with ammonium gas by the increase of pressure. The thickness increases with an increase of nitridation temperature. The thickness of the titanium silicide layer formed by the silicidation reaction between titanium and the silicon wafer is reduced with the increase in ammonium pressure.
<title>In-orbit test result of an operational optical intersatellite link between ARTEMIS and SPOT4, SILEX</title> (2002)

The Semi conductor Inter satellite Link EXperiment, SILEX, consists of two terminals, one terminal embarked on the French LEO observation satellite SPOT4 and one terminal embarked on ESA's GEO telecommunication satellite ARTEMIS. The objective of SILEX is to perform optical communication experiments in orbit and on an operational basis transmit SPOT4 Earth observation data to ARTEMIS, which will relay the data to ground via its Ka band feeder link. SPOT4 was successfully launched on 22nd March 1998. The ARTEMIS launch on 12th July 2001 left ARTEMIS in an orbit with too low apogee, necessitating orbit raising to a circular parking orbit, altitude 31000 km, using a large fraction of the chemical propellant on board. The remaining 5000 km to GEO stationary orbit will be achieved using the low thrust innovative electric propulsion system necessitating specific attitude control software. The final orbit raising will last about 6 months and the expected lifetime of ARTEMIS after station acquisition is 5 years. While waiting for the establishment of the new attitude control software and the beginning of the final orbit raising maneuvers a test program has been undertaken to characterize the performances of the SILEX system. Testing was performed every fifth day when ARTEMIS was visible over Europe. The test program involves Optical Ground Station acquisition and tracking, inter-satellite link acquisition and tracking, bit error rate measurements and transmission of Earth observation data. The paper reports on results of the in orbit testing, giving comparisons with predictions. The conclusion of the test program is that the SILEX system has excellent performances qualifying the system for operational use by SPOTIMAGE in parallel with a detailed technological experimentation program involving the two SILEX terminals, ESA's optical ground station on Tenerife, and also NASDA's OICETS, once ARTEMIS has acquired its final orbital position.