gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolvin E1 Regulates Inflammation at the Cellular and Tissue Level and Restores Tissue Homeostasis In Vivo (2007)

Abstract Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is a potent proresolving mediator of inflammation derived from omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid that acts locally to stop leukocyte recruitment and promote resolution. RvE1 displays potent counter-regulatory and tissue-protective actions in vitro and in vivo. Periodontal disease is a local inflammatory disease initiated by bacteria characterized by neutrophil-mediated tissue injury followed by development of a chronic immune lesion. In this study, we report the treatment of established periodontitis using RvE1 as a monotherapy in rabbits compared with structurally related lipids PGE2 and leukotriene B4. PGE2 and leukotriene B4 each enhanced development of periodontitis and worsened the severity of disease. Promotion of resolution of inflammation as a therapeutic target with RvE1 resulted in complete restoration of the local lesion, and reduction in the systemic inflammatory markers C-reactive protein and IL-1β. This report is the first to show that resolution of inflammation by a naturally occurring endogenous lipid mediator results in complete regeneration of pathologically lost tissues, including bone.
A Survey on Wireless Body Area Networks: Technologies and Design Challenges (2014)

Interest in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) has increased significantly in recent years thanks to the advances in microelectronics and wireless communications. Owing to the very stringent application requirements in terms of reliability, energy efficiency, and low device complexity, the design of these networks requires the definition of new protocols with respect to those used in general purpose wireless sensor networks. This motivates the effort in research activities and in standardisation process of the last years. This survey paper aims at reporting an overview of WBAN main applications, technologies and standards, issues in WBANs design, and evolutions. Some case studies are reported, based on both real implementation and experimentation on the field, and on simulations. These results have the aim of providing useful insights for WBAN designers and of highlighting the main issues affecting the performance of these kind of networks.
Kinetics of Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid Inhibited with trans‐Cinnamaldehyde (1988)

Measurements of the kinetics of steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid inhibited with trans‐cinnamaldehyde (TCA) indicate that both adsorption of TCA and formation of a continuously thickening polymer film are important features of the inhibition mechanism. Surfactants play a key role in facilitating the adsorption reaction. We propose that adsorption involves formation of a tenacious highly protective surface complex on the protonated chloride‐covered steel. TCA can also undergo reduction at the surface, thus initiating polymerization reactions that lead to growth of a barrier film. However, film formation depletes the solution of TCA, which can affect the stability of the sorbed complex.
Domain 5 interacts with domain 6 and influences the second transesterification reaction of group II intron self-splicing (1993)

The role of domain 5 (d5) from the self-splicing group II intron 5 gamma of the COXI gene of yeast mitochondrial DNA in branching and 3' splice site utilization has been studied using a substrate transcript lacking d5 (delta d5 RNA). This RNA is completely unreactive in vitro, but releases 5' exon by hydrolysis under various reaction conditions when d5 RNA is added in trans. Under an extreme reaction condition, some accurate branching and splicing occur. Much more efficient use of a 3' splice site is obtained when delta d5 RNA is complemented by a transcript containing the wild-type domains 5 and 6 plus the 3' exon. While most delta d5 RNA molecules in that protocol still react by hydrolysis at the 5' splice site, the branching that occurs uses only the d6 tethered to d5 that is provided in trans. The use of this d6 and the 3' splice site also linked to d5, along with the observed indifference to the other d6 and 3' splice site resident in the delta d5 RNA, indicates that d5 plays a key role in positioning d6 for the first reaction step as well as in 3' splice site use. Two models for the manner by which d5 interacts with d6 are discussed.
Biocatalytic reduction of carboxylic acids (2014)

An increasing demand for non-petroleum-based products is envisaged in the near future. Carboxylic acids such as citric acid, succinic acid, fatty acids, and many others are available in abundance from renewable resources and they could serve as economic precursors for bio-based products such as polymers, aldehyde building blocks, and alcohols. However, we are confronted with the problem that carboxylic acid reduction requires a high level of energy for activation due to the carboxylate's thermodynamic stability. Catalytic processes are scarce and often their chemoselectivity is insufficient. This review points at bio-alternatives: currently known enzyme classes and organisms that catalyze the reduction of carboxylic acids are summarized. Two totally distinct biocatalyst lines have evolved to catalyze the same reaction: aldehyde oxidoreductases from anaerobic bacteria and archea, and carboxylate reductases from aerobic sources such as bacteria, fungi, and plants. The majority of these enzymes remain to be identified and isolated from their natural background in order to evaluate their potential as industrial biocatalysts.
Adaptive MIMO Signal Processing in Mode-Division Multiplexing (2014)

Adaptive multi-input multi-output signal processing architectures for mode-division multiplexing systems are reviewed. It is shown that performance, adaptation speed and complexity requirements can be met through judicious link design and choice of signal processing architecture.
Regulation of chloroplast-encoded chlorophyll-binding protein translation during higher plant chloroplast biogenesis. (1986)

Etioplasts of 5-day-old dark-grown barley seedlings synthesize most of the soluble and membrane proteins found in chloroplasts of illuminated plants. Prominent among these proteins are the large subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and the alpha- and beta-subunits of the chloroplast ATPase. However, etioplasts do not synthesize four chloroplast-encoded proteins which are major constituents of the chloroplast thylakoid membrane: two chlorophyll apoproteins of photosystem I (68 and 65 kDa) and two chlorophyll apoproteins of photosystem II (47 and 43 kDa). Pulse-labeling experiments show that the lack of radiolabel accumulation in the chlorophyll apoproteins in etioplasts is due to inhibition of synthesis rather than apoprotein instability. Illumination of 5-day-old dark-grown barley selectively induces synthesis of the plastid-encoded chlorophyll apoproteins and proteins of 32, 23, and 21 kDa. Synthesis of the chlorophyll apoproteins was significant in plants illuminated for 15 min and was near maximum by 1 h. The induction of photosystem I chlorophyll apoprotein synthesis was not accompanied by an increase in mRNA for these proteins. These results demonstrate that the synthesis of the plastid-encoded photosystem I chlorophyll apoproteins is blocked at the translational level in dark-grown barley. Translation of the chlorophyll apoproteins is induced rapidly by light with a time course which is similar to the light-dependent formation of chlorophyll from protochlorophyllide.
Visual localization by linear combination of image descriptors (2011)

We seek to predict the GPS location of a query image given a database of images localized on a map with known GPS locations. The contributions of this work are three-fold: (1) we formulate the image-based localization problem as a regression on an image graph with images as nodes and edges connecting close-by images; (2) we design a novel image matching procedure, which computes similarity between the query and pairs of database images using edges of the graph and considering linear combinations of their feature vectors. This improves generalization to unseen viewpoints and illumination conditions, while reducing the database size; (3) we demonstrate that the query location can be predicted by interpolating locations of matched images in the graph without the costly estimation of multi-view geometry. We demonstrate benefits of the proposed image matching scheme on the standard Oxford building benchmark, and show localization results on a database of 8,999 panoramic Google Street View images of Pittsburgh.
Tuning the morphologies of amphiphilic metallo-supramolecular triblock terpolymers: from spherical micelles to switchable vesicles (2008)

A well-defined poly(styrene)-block-poly(para-trifluoromethylstyrene)-[Ru]-poly(ethylene glycol) (PS–b–PTFMS–[Ru]–PEG) amphiphilic metallo-supramolecular triblock terpolymer containing a bis(2,2′:6′,2-terpyridine)ruthenium(II) complex (–[Ru]–) as a connection between the PS–b–PTFMS and the PEG block was successfully synthesized using the concepts of controlled radical polymerization and supramolecular chemistry. Spherical micelles, wormlike micelles, vesicles and hollow tubes were all accessed from this copolymer by varying the polarity of the solvent which provokes a change in the solvophilic to solvophilic ratio within the same macromolecule by dissolution or precipitation of the PTFMS-block. The self-assembled structures with both PS and PTFMS as insoluble blocks are presumed to be multicompartmentalized based on the incompatibility of these blocks. Furthermore, the thermoresponsive behavior of PTFMS allows reversible control over the size and morphology of the self-assembled structures.
CS-088, an Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Antagonist, Ameliorated the Impaired Blood Flow in the Optic Nerve Head of Rabbits (2003)

The effect of CS-088, an angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist, on optic nerve head (ONH) circulation was investigated in anesthetized rabbits. ONH blood flow was measured for 3 h using laser Doppler flowmetry. ONH blood flow disturbance was induced by intravenous injection of endothelin-1. Blood flow was decreased by 30%; this decrease was reversed by the injection of CS-088. A single injection of CS-088, however, did not alter the baseline ONH blood flow. It is concluded that CS-088 can have a beneficial effect on disturbed ONH blood flow.
A systematic determination of polyphenols constituents and cytotoxic ability in fruit parts of pomegranates derived from five Chinese cultivars (2016)

Plant polyphenols derived from pomegranates are natural health-promoting components, and their bioactivities are well proved. However, the systematic studies of polyphenols constituents and cytotoxic ability in fruit parts of pomegranates derived from different Chinese cultivars have not been studied yet. In this report, a validated and sensitive HPLC-DAD method and fluorescence spectrophotometric method was established for quantitative analysis of four polyphenols and total phenolic content (TPC) in fruit parts of pomegranates (including peels, flesh, seeds, juices and leaves) derived from five Chinese cultivars, respectively. HPLC analysis was performed on the YMC ODS-A C18 column with gradient elution of MeOH and 0.1 % TFA. Four polyphenols including gallic acid, ellagic acid, punicalagin A&B and punicalin A&B exhibited satisfactory linearity in the concentration ranges of 20-320, 39-624, 74-1184 and 38-608 μg/mL, respectively. The results demonstrated that the amounts of TPC and four polyphenols in different fruit parts of pomegranates varied significantly. Peels of Sour-YRP possessed the highest content of punicalagin A&B (125.23 mg/g), whereas other three polyphenols exhibited only trace. Among the five Chinese cultivars, Sour-YRP contained the highest content of TPC (688.61 mg/g) and could be considered as the desirable botanical source to obtain polyphenols. It is also discovered that low-maturity pomegranate might possessed much higher TPC than high-maturity pomegranate. The optimized HPLC-DAD method could be used for quality control of different pomegranates by identification and quantification of its main polyphenolic components. Furthermore, the in vitro cytotoxicity of different pomegranates fruit parts to cancer cells was evaluated. We discovered that peels and flesh extract of Sour-YRP significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and Hela cancer cells lines. The results of this work are promising for further investigation and development of pomegranates as therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer.
Contextualizing Patent Disclosure (2016)

One of the main justifications for a patent system is that patents disclose useful technical information that others can learn from. However, patents are not performing this function well. The average patent is written in legalese, uses vague language, and is hard to connect to commercial activity. Legal scholars have responded with calls to improve the patent document through better writing, more examples, and better enforcement of patent doctrines. The courts have sought to ensure that patent specifications are robust and justify the grant of a monopoly. This follows from the Supreme Court’s characterization of technical teachings within a patent as the “quid pro quo” for the patentee’s exclusive rights. 
The problem with these approaches is that they focus exclusively on patent content, and overlook the many ways in which patent context matters to the dissemination of technical information. A review of the ways in which patents truly promote the progress reveal that patent information beyond, not just within, a patent’s four corners, can shape the extent to which the subject invention of the patent spreads beyond the inventor. Whether a patent is in force, is commercially important, is subject to licensing or other commitments, or is held for defensive or offensive reasons, for example, can determine whether and how the teachings within the patent spread. 
In this Article, I argue that we need to rethink the concept of patent disclosure. Rather than focusing only on the content of the patent, we should keep in mind the context of the patent, and how the greater availability of contextual information about the patent can promote the progress. This contextual information represents not only the final “product” of a patent as issued, but the “process” by which it is made and used, the timing and terms on which it is provided to the world, and the publicly reported transactions in which the patent is involved. Making contextual information more accessible would do much to reinvigorate the disclosure function of the patent system — in many cases, using already existing information.
Genome of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Strain 908 (2010)

Helicobacter pylori is a genetically diverse and coevolved pathogen inhabiting human gastric niches and leading to a spectrum of gastric diseases in susceptible populations. We describe the genome sequence of H. pylori 908, which was originally isolated from an African patient living in France who suffered with recrudescent duodenal ulcer disease. The strain was found to be phylogenetically related to H. pylori J99, and its comparative analysis revealed several specific genome features and novel insertion-deletion and substitution events. The genome sequence revealed several strain-specific deletions and/or gain of genes exclusively present in HP908 compared with different sequenced genomes already available in the public domain. Comparative and functional genomics of HP908 and its subclones will be important in understanding genomic plasticity and the capacity to colonize and persist in a changing host environment.
Effect of reduced growth rate on the prevalence and severity of osteochondrosis in gilts. (1988)

Ninety-six recently weaned gilts were assigned to 3 groups. Group-1 gilts were fed a corn-soybean meal diet ad libitum and were killed when they weighed 110 kg. Gilts in groups 2 and 3 were fed 70% of the feed consumed by group-1 gilts. Group-2 gilts were killed when they weighed 110 kg, and group-3 gilts were killed at the same age as group-1 gilts. At slaughter, the right pelvic and thoracic limbs from all gilts were removed, and the distal end of each femur and humerus was sectioned serially at 5-mm intervals. Articular-epiphyseal cartilage complexes from these sites were examined grossly, radiographically, and histologically. Effects of treatment (ad libitum vs limited energy intake) and average daily gain on the prevalence and severity of lesions were analyzed statistically, using chi 2 analysis, a categoric-modeling technique, analysis of variance, and correlation coefficients. Of humeri and femora, 49 and 70%, respectively, had lesions of osteochondrosis, and 86% of the gilts had a lesion at one or both sites. Group-2 gilts (killed at 110 kg, but approx 70 days older than group-1 gilts) had significantly lower prevalence (P = 0.009) and severity (P = 0.002) of osteochondrosis of the distal end of the femur than did gilts in groups 1 and 3. When each group was evaluated individually, gilts that had a higher average daily gain had an increased prevalence and severity of lesions.
RNAi screening identifies HAT1 as a potential drug target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (2014)

Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most fatal carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Aberrant activity of histone acetyltransferases (HATs)/deacetylases (HDACs) play a critical role in carcinogenesis through the regulation of the genes involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. However, cellular functions of HATs/HDACs in esophageal cancer and its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. An RNAi screen was used in this study to identify the histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs) that could be critical for the survival of EC cells. We demonstrated that HAT1 (histone acetyltransferase 1) was an important determinant to regulate the proliferation of human EC Eca-109 cells. Furthermore, we showed that the knockdown of HAT1 induced a G2/M cell cycle arrest, which was associated with the disruption of cell cycle-related events, including the decrease of cyclinD1 as well as alteration in cyclinB1 expression. The expression of HAT1 was validated to be higher in the primary tumors and adjacent tissue as compared to that of the normal esophageal tissue. Furthermore, we found that HAT1 expression was directly correlated with the poor tumor differentiation of EC tissue, which suggested that HAT1 played an important role in esophageal carcinoma and that it could be a novel EC therapeutic target.
Electroconductive Adhesives: Comparison of Three Different Polymer Matrices. Epoxy, Polyimide and Silicone (1989)

Abstract Electrically conductive organic adhesives are used in the microelectronics manufacturing industry for the attachment of silicon dies. These adhesives are composite materials which owe their conductivity to the incorporation of silver flakes. Several polymers have been formulated into electrically-conductive adhesives to meet different applications in the microelectronics industry; these are an epoxy resin, a polyimide and a silicone polymer. The purpose of this paper is to examine properties of these die-bonding adhesives in order to determine the advantages or disadvantages of these materials. This study offers a comparison of hardening chemistry, chemical purity, processing, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of three conductive adhesives based on an epoxy, a polyimide and a silicone polymer. We discuss correlation of composite properties with the structure of each matrix. The results indicate that the choice of the matrix is dictated by the application for which the electronic grade conductive adhesive is to be used and the desired properties for best reliability and performance.
Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of the human mitogen-activated protein kinase p44erk1. (1993)

p44erk1 is a member of a family of tyrosyl-phosphorylated and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases that participate in cell cycle control. A full-length erk1 cDNA was isolated from a human hepatoma cell line (Hep G2) library. The erk1 cDNA clone shared approximately 96% predicted amino acid identity with partial sequences of rodent erk1 cognates, and the erk1 gene was assigned to human chromosome 16 by hybrid panel analysis. Human erk1 expressed in Escherichia coli as a glutathione S-transferase fusion (GST-Erk1) protein was substantially phosphorylated on tyrosine in vivo. It underwent further autophosphorylation in vitro (up to 0.01 mol of P per mol) at the regulatory Tyr-204 site and at additional tyrosine and serine residues. Threonine autophosphorylation, presumably at the regulatory Thr-202 site, was also detected weakly when the recombinant kinase was incubated in the presence of manganese, but not in the presence of magnesium. Before and after cleavage of the GST-Erk1 protein with thrombin, it exhibited a relatively high level of myelin basic protein phosphotransferase activity, which could be reduced eightfold by treatment of the kinase with the protein-tyrosine phosphatase CD45, but not by treatment with the protein-serine/threonine phosphatase 2A. The protein-tyrosine kinase p56lck catalyzed phosphorylation of GST-Erk1 at two autophosphorylations sites, including Tyr-204, and at a novel site. A further fivefold stimulation of the myelin basic protein phosphotransferase activity of the GST-Erk1 was achieved in the presence of a partially purified MAP kinase kinase from sheep platelets. Under these circumstances, there was primarily an enhancement of the tyrosine phosphorylation of GST-Erk1. This MAP kinase kinase also similarly phosphorylated a catalytically compromised version of GST-Erk1 in which Lys-71 was converted to Ala by site-directed mutagenesis.
The Reactions of Carbamoyl Azides with Sulfur Nucleophiles (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reactions of Carbamoyl Azides with Sulfur NucleophilesVictor J. Bauer, William J. Fanshawe, and S. R. SafirCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 10, 3440–3441Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01348a529https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01348a529research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Novel System for Mammary Epithelial Cell Culture (1987)

A method is described for the isolation and density gradient enrichment of mammary epithelial fragments from pregnant, nonlactating bovine tissue. Immunocytochemical analysis prior to and following culture revealed specific staining with antibodies to keratin, indicating that these cells are epithelial in nature. Fragments enriched for epithelium could be stored in liquid nitrogen for extended periods prior to culture. When cast within a three-dimensional matrix of collagen gel, the mammary fragments grew as branching, duct-like structures and displayed a 4-fold increase in cell number during 10 to 12 d of culture.