gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of HLA-DR in pheripheral nerve of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1994)

To investigate the possibility of local antigen presentation within the peripheral nerve in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cryostat sections of 83 peripheral nerve biopsies were stained for the demonstration of HLA-DR using a monoclonal antibody. Forty samples showed increased expression of HLA-DR in endoneurium. The phenotypic characteristics of the HLA-DR positive cells are chiefly Schwann cells, using S-100 protein as a marker. We did not detect any co-expression between HLA-DR and NF (axons) and HLA-DR and myelin marker. We also detected co-expression between HLA-DR and NGFr in a majority of HLA-DR positive cells. Inflammatory cells were infrequent, being detected only in 11 cases, predominantly around epineurial blood vessels. Motor and sensory nerve biopsies performed simultaneously showed higher expression of HLA-DR in motor nerves in 2 out of 4 patients. The significance of these findings is not clear. The presence of endoneurial cells expressing HLA-DR suggests that an autoimmune mechanism may be involved in ALS having Schwann as the main target.
Principles of applied geophysics (1962)

"Principles of applied geophysics." Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 84(4), pp. 534–535
Urodynamic Findings in Parkinson’s Disease (1987)

Neurological evaluation was performed in 24 men and 5 women with Parkinson's disease who had persistent bladder symptoms. Detrusor hyperreflexia was found in 26 (90 per cent) of the patients. Sporadic involuntary electromyography activity of the external sphincter during involuntary detrusor contractions was encountered in 61 per cent but in none did this cause obstruction. Coordinated striated sphincter relaxation during voluntary detrusor contraction was found in 13 patients (45 per cent). Among 22 men who were in the prostatic disease age group only 4 (18 per cent) had definite prostatic obstruction. Moreover, none of 8 men with persistent symptoms after prostatectomy had evidence of bladder outlet obstruction.
Prediction of Anthropometric Accommodation in Aircraft Cockpits (2001)

Abstract : Designing aircraft cockpits to accommodate the wide range of body sizes existing in the U.S. population has always been a difficult problem for Crewstation Engineers. The approach taken in the design of military aircraft has been to restrict the range of body sizes allowed into flight training, and then to develop standards and specifications to ensure that the majority of the pilots are accommodated. Accommodation in this instance is defined as the ability to: (1) adequately see, reach, and actuate controls; (2) have external visual fields so the pilot can see to land, clear for other aircraft, and perform a wide range of missions (ground support/attack or air-to-air combat); and (3) if problems arise, be able to escape safely. Each of these areas is directly affected by the body size of the pilot. The USAF is considering relaxing body size entrance requirements so that smaller and larger people could become pilots. Existing accommodation problems will become much worse. This dissertation describes a methodology for correcting this problem and demonstrates it by predicting pilot fit and performance in the USAF T-38A aircraft based on anthropometric data. The methods described can be applied to a variety of design applications where fitting the human operator into a system is a major concern. A systematic approach is described which includes: defining the user population, setting functional requirements that operators must be able to perform, testing the ability of the user population to perform the functional requirements, and developing predictive equations for selecting the future users of the system.
Anatomical and Pathological Observation and Analysis of SARS and COVID-19: Microthrombosis Is the Main Cause of Death (2021)

The spread of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 for short) has caused a large number of deaths around the world. We summarized the data reported in the past few months and emphasized that the main causes of death of COVID-19 patients are DAD (Diffuse Alveolar Damage) and DIC (Disseminated intravascular coagulation). Microthrombosis is a prominent clinical feature of COVID-19, and 91.3% of dead patients had microthrombosis.Endothelial damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 cell invasion and subsequent host response disorders involving inflammation and coagulation pathways play a key role in the progression of severe COVID-19. Microvascular thrombosis may lead to microcirculation disorders and multiple organ failure lead to death.The characteristic pathological changes of DAD include alveolar epithelial and vascular endothelial injury, increased alveolar membrane permeability, large numbers of neutrophil infiltration, alveolar hyaline membrane formation, and hypoxemia and respiratory distress as the main clinical manifestations. DAD leads to ARDS in COVID-19 patients. DIC is a syndrome characterized by the activation of systemic intravascular coagulation, which leads to extensive fibrin deposition in the blood. Its occurrence and development begin with the expression of tissue factor and interact with physiological anticoagulation pathways. The down-regulation of fibrin and the impaired fibrinolysis together lead to extensive fibrin deposition.DIC is described as a decrease in the number of platelets and an increase in fibrin degradation products, such as D-dimer and low fibrinogen. The formation of microthrombus leads to the disturbance of microcirculation, which in turn leads to the death of the patient. However, the best prevention and treatment of COVID-19 microthrombosis is still uncertain.This review discusses the latest findings of basic and clinical research on COVID-19-related microthrombosis, and then we proposed the theory of microcirculation perfusion bundle therapy to explore effective methods for preventing and treating COVID-19-related microthrombosis. Further research is urgently needed to clarify how SARS-CoV-2 infection causes thrombotic complications, and how it affects the course and severity of the disease. To cultivate a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism of this disease. Raise awareness of the importance of preventing and treating microthrombosis in patients with COVID-19.
Mappable memory subsystem for high speed applications (1989)

This paper describes a high speed Mappable Memory Subsystem (MAP) that significantly enhances system performance by integrating on the same chip 128K bit EPROU for program store, 32K bit SRAM for data store and a Programmable Mapping Decoder (PMD) for address decode and mapping. The PMD is integrated into the memory decode logic without adding to the access time. The MAP is ideally suited as an expansion memory for high speed Digital Signal Processors (DSP's), microprocessors and microcontrollers.
Machine Learning Approach to Estimating mmWave Signal Measurements During Handover (2017)

We propose to estimate mmWave received signal power levels using supervised machine learning and LTE signal measurements in sub-6 GHz bands. Contributions of this paper include 1) introduction of partially blind handovers, 2) demonstration that LTE measurements from sub-6 GHz LTE bands can help improve handover to mmWave frequency bands, and 3) an algorithm to improve handover success rates using an extreme gradient boosting classifier. Simulation results show an improvement of 1.5% in the handover success rate by the proposed method over the baseline method.
Laser Induced Damage to Optical Materials, 1973: a Conference Report (1974)

During the 1973 Symposium on Damage in Laser Materials several specific topics received considerable attention. The papers presented to the approximately 135 specialists in attendance can logically be separated into categories on self-focusing damage, surface damage, coating damage, infrared component damage, and theory and fundamental properties. Highlighting the meeting were papers on small scale self-focusing, the importance of surface or near-surface absorbing impurities as a major extrinsic influence in reducing the intrinsic damage level of coated and uncoated surfaces, development of new instrumental methods for evaluation of material properties important in the damage process, initial attempts at cataloging these important properties, and, finally, several reports on the frequency and temporal aspects of laser-induced damage in a variety of materials, from the visible to the infrared, and from subnanosecond pulsed to continuous wave exposures.
[Radiological examination of cerebral circulation in cerebrovascular disorders]. (1991)

The authors provide the results of radiological examinations of cerebral circulation in 215 patients aged 16 to 67 years with different periods of cervical osteochondrosis. The intensity of hemispheric hemocirculation derangement depends on the stage of osteochondrosis. At the same time cerebral circulation disorders running their course by the type of transitory disturbances are not specific for the given group of patients and can also be seen in patients suffering from other diseases of the brain.
The Dacian Wars - Lino Rossi: Trajan's Column and the Dacian Wars. English translation revised by J. M. C. Toynbee. Pp. 240; 195 illustrations, 7 line drawings, and 4 maps. London: Thames and Hudson, 1971. Cloth, £4. (1974)

The Dacian Wars - Lino Rossi: Trajan's Column and the Dacian Wars. English translation revised by J. M. C. Toynbee. Pp. 240; 195 illustrations, 7 line drawings, and 4 maps. London: Thames and Hudson, 1971. Cloth, £4. - Volume 24 Issue 1
Large Cage Face-Centered-Cubic <i>Fm</i>3<i>m</i> Mesoporous Silica:  Synthesis and Structure (2003)

The synthesis and precise structural characterization of highly ordered three-dimensional close-packed cage-type mesoporous silica is reported. The siliceous mesoporous material is proven to be commensurate with the face-centered-cubic Fm3m symmetry in high purity by a combination of experimental and simulated powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The cage-type calcined samples were additionally characterized by nitrogen physisorption. The aqueous synthesis method to prepare large cage mesoporous silica with cubic Fm3m structure is based on the use of EO106PO70EO106 triblock copolymer (F127) at low HCl concentrations, with no additional salts or organic additives. Here, emphasis is put on the low HCl concentration regime, allowing the facile thermodynamic control of the silica−triblock copolymer mesophase self-assembly. Further, simple application of hydrothermal treatments at various temperatures ranging from 45 to 150 °C enables the tailoring of the mesopore diameters and apertures. The combination of experimental and simulated XRD patterns and TEM images is confirmed to be a very powerful means for the accurate elucidation of the structure of new mesoporous materials.
An experimental study on the stiffness of size-isolated microbubbles using atomic force microscopy (2012)

In order to fully assess contrast-enhanced acoustic bioeffects in diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound, the mechanical properties of microbubbles need to be taken into account.
Chorditis Fibrinosa (1921)

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The Role of Proprioception in the Management and Rehabilitation of Athletic Injuries (1997)

Rehabilitation continues to evolve with the increased emphasis on patient management and proprioceptive training. Proprioception can be defined as a specialized variation of the sensory modality of touch that encompasses the sensation of joint movement (kinesthesia) and joint position (joint position sense). Numerous investigators have observed that afferent feedback to the brain and spinal pathways is mediated by skin, articular, and muscle mechanoreceptors. Examining the effects of ligamentous injury, surgical intervention, and proprioceptively mediated activities in the rehabilitation program provides an understanding of the complexity of this system responsible for motor control. It appears that this neuromuscular feedback mechanism becomes interrupted with injury and abnormalities, and approaches restoration after surgical intervention and rehabilitation. Rehabilitation programs should be designed to include a proprioceptive component that addresses the following three levels of motor control: spinal reflexes, cognitive programming, and brainstem activity. Such a program is highly recommended to promote dynamic joint and functional stability. Thus far, current knowledge regarding the basic science and clinical application of proprioception has led the profession of sports medicine one step closer to its ultimate goal of restoring function.
Terminal 7-methyl-guanosine cap structure on the normally uncapped 5' noncoding region of poliovirus mRNA inhibits its translation in mammalian cells (1991)

We have used an RNA transfection assay to study the translation of cellular and viral mRNAs with and without 5'-terminal m7GpppG cap structures in human tissue culture cells. HeLa cells were transfected with in vitro-transcribed hybrid RNA molecules containing the 5' noncoding regions of either luciferase or poliovirus linked to the coding region of the firefly luciferase gene. Transcripts containing a capped luciferase 5' noncoding region produced luciferase, while similar uncapped transcripts did not. In contrast, transcripts containing a capped 5' noncoding region of poliovirus accumulated 10-fold-lower levels of luciferase than similar transcripts without a terminal cap structure. Inhibition of poliovirus mRNA translation by a 5'-terminal cap structure was not observed in in vitro translation systems. This finding indicates that factors involved in cap-independent translation of poliovirus RNA are quantitatively or qualitatively different in human tissue culture cells and in in vitro translation systems. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of studying translational control of mRNAs in intact cells.
Beyond 1Tb/s Datacenter Interconnect Technology: Challenges and Solutions (Invited) (2019)

We discuss challenges and solutions for beyond 1Tb/s intra-datacenter bandwidth scaling, with a focus on the FlexPAM-based direct detection and the baud-rate DSP enabled coherent detection.
Comparison and Validation of Statistical Methods for Predicting Power Outage Durations in the Event of Hurricanes (2011)

This article compares statistical methods for modeling power outage durations during hurricanes and examines the predictive accuracy of these methods. Being able to make accurate predictions of power outage durations is valuable because the information can be used by utility companies to plan their restoration efforts more efficiently. This information can also help inform customers and public agencies of the expected outage times, enabling better collective response planning, and coordination of restoration efforts for other critical infrastructures that depend on electricity. In the long run, outage duration estimates for future storm scenarios may help utilities and public agencies better allocate risk management resources to balance the disruption from hurricanes with the cost of hardening power systems. We compare the out-of-sample predictive accuracy of five distinct statistical models for estimating power outage duration times caused by Hurricane Ivan in 2004. The methods compared include both regression models (accelerated failure time (AFT) and Cox proportional hazard models (Cox PH)) and data mining techniques (regression trees, Bayesian additive regression trees (BART), and multivariate additive regression splines). We then validate our models against two other hurricanes. Our results indicate that BART yields the best prediction accuracy and that it is possible to predict outage durations with reasonable accuracy.
Essays On U.S. Health Policy And Hospital Care (2009)

My dissertation consists of three chapters, each of which empirically examines impacts of U.S. health care policies on hospital care for a subgroup of disadvantaged populations. The first chapter studies the impacts of Medicaid coverage expansions for pregnant women on patient reallocation across hospitals. If patients from low-income zip codes, who are likely to gain coverage after expanded public insurance coverage, have limited hospital options due to a lack of payer source, they may be able to receive care at higher quality hospitals once they obtain coverage. Using Florida hospital data and the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for 1988-1995, I find that low-income mothers who gained coverage following the expansions gave birth at higher quality hospitals?facilities with neonatal intensive care units and those with low postnatal complication rates. In the second chapter, I continue investigating the effects of expansion, but examine its impact on hospitals' provision of indigent care, along with the impact of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, with its reductions in Medicare and Medicaid hospital payments, on hospitals' supply of indigent care. The definition of hospital indigent care is, for the purpose of this dissertation, based on uncompensated care costs in dollars, volume of the uninsured, and amounts of unprofitable services provided. Using the Florida hospital data for 1990-2000, I find that these two health care policies reduced hospitals' provision of indigent care, but to different extents, and that the policy impacts differed by hospital ownership type. The third chapter, a joint project with Kosali Simon, examines the impact of the Children's Health Insurance Program on hospital utilization for low-income children. The expansion of public insurance coverage results in two contrasting effects that could increase or decrease hospital care for low-income children. On the one hand, the gain of public insurance coverage will increase access to primary care, and this may prevent hospitalizations, particularly those with ambulatory care sensitive conditions, to some degree. On the other hand, the coverage gain means lower costs of care and thus may increase hospital care across the board. Using the NIS for 1996-2002, we find that hospitalization rates and intensity of care increased overall, but these increases originated from increased non-ambulatory care sensitive hospitalizations.
Flite: a small fast run-time synthesis engine. (2001)

Flite is a small, fast run-time synthesis library suitable for embedded systems and servers. Flite is designed as an alternative run-time synthesis platform for Festival in applications where speed and size are important. Voices built using the FestVox process may be compiled into efficient representations that can be linked against Flite to produce complete text-tospeech synthesizers. The Flite library is much faster and much smaller than the equivalent Festival system. This paper describes the motivation and the basic structure of the library, and gives figures of its size and speed. Some intended enhancements are also discussed.
Synthesis of Flexible Sulfur-Containing Heteroarotinoids That Induce Apoptosis and Reactive Oxygen Species with Discrimination between Malignant and Benign Cells (2004)

Regulation of growth, differentiation, and apoptosis by synthetic retinoids can occur through mechanisms that are dependent and independent of their ability to bind and activate nuclear retinoic acid receptors. The objective of this study was to determine if increasing flexibility of the heteroarotinoid structure would affect the specificity of the synthetic retinoids for the receptors and for their regulation of cancerous and nonmalignant cells. Methods were developed to produce the first examples of heteroarotinoids 15a-15h, which contain urea and/or thiourea linking groups between two aryl rings. Substituents at the para position of the single phenyl ring were either an ester, a nitro group, or a sulfonamide group. Ovarian cancer cell lines Caov-3, OVCAR-3, SK-OV-3, UCI-101, and 222 were utilized, and the inhibitory prowess of the heteroarotinoids was referenced to that of 4-HPR (25). Similar to 4-HPR (25), the heteroarotinoids inhibited growth of all cell lines at micromolar concentrations. Although the heteroarotinoids did not activate retinoic acid receptors, the agents induced potent growth inhibition against the cancer cells with weak activity against normal and benign cells. The growth inhibition was associated with cell loss and induction of reactive oxygen species.
Design, Performance Analysis, and Prototyping of Linear Resolvers (2017)

Linear position sensors are widely used in linear motion-control systems. In this paper, the design, optimization, performance analysis, and prototyping of a linear resolver (LR) are discussed. Mathematical model of the proposed structure is presented based on a simple design-oriented method. Then, a comprehensive iterative design algorithm considering design constraints of linear electromagnetic sensors is proposed. All resistances and inductances of the designed LR are calculated based on the design parameters. Then, a 3-D time-stepping finite-element method is used to validate the design, optimization, and analytical model. Finally, a prototype of the sensor is built and tested. Comparison between the results of simulation and experimental tests verified the success of the proposed structure.
Remote Plasma Deposited Silicon Dioxide‐Like Film Densification by Means of RF Substrate Biasing: Film Chemistry and Morphology (2007)

Abstract Silicon dioxide‐like films were deposited from a mixture of O 2 /hexamethyldisiloxane injected in an Ar‐fed expanding thermal plasma. In order to increase the film density, a radiofrequency (rf, 13.56 MHz) external substrate biasing was applied during deposition, thus delivering ion bombardment during film growth. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows that the film densification at increasing substrate bias occurs via condensation of silanol groups to form SiOSi bridges, accompanied by a decrease of the disorder in the film network. Ion bombardment leads also to the smoothening of film surface as quantified by atomic force microscopy measurements, which point out to a decrease in film root mean square roughness by as much as 80% (0.19 nm). magnified image
Qualitative morphological analysis of muscle biopsies using neural networks (2005)

Qualitative data from human muscle biopsies have been extracted and analyzed by artificial neural network (ANN) models trained with the Kohonen's self-organizing feature maps algorithm to provide an automated medical diagnosis. Data from 6 distinct groups of neuromuscular disorders were examined. Training and evaluation were carried out on 80 and 25 cases respectively. The diagnostic performance of models investigated varied form 87 to 95%, and 88 to 92% for the training and evaluation. Furthermore, the diagnostic usefulness of the self-organizing feature map models was tested on 11 muscle biopsies with no specific diagnostic findings that gave encouraging results.