gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COPOLYMERIC AND TERPOLYMERIC HYDROGEL-SILVER NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON ACRYLIC ACID, ACRYLAMIDE AND ITACONIC ACID: INVESTIGATION OF THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA (2015)

In this study, copolymeric and terpolymeric hydrogel-silver nanocomposites based on poly(acrylamideco-itaconic acid), poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid) and poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide-co-itaconic acid) were synthesized by free-radical polymerization. These nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, as well as their swelling behaviors. In addition, antibacterial properties of these hydrogel-silver nanocomposites were investigated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Acrylic-based hydrogel-silver nanocomposites demonstrated antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. These hydrogel-silver nanocomposites can be used as antibacterial material in the medical field.
Phylogenetic Analysis of H7 Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from the Live Bird Markets of the Northeast United States (1999)

The presence of low-pathogenic H7 avian influenza virus (AIV), which is associated with live-bird markets (LBM) in the Northeast United States, was first detected in 1994 and, despite efforts to eradicate the virus, surveillance of these markets has resulted in numerous isolations of H7 AIVs from several states from 1994 through 1998. The hemagglutinin, nonstructural, and matrix genes from representative H7 isolates from the LBM and elsewhere were sequenced, and the sequences were compared phylogenetically. The hemagglutinin gene of most LBM isolates examined appeared to have been the result of a single introduction of the hemagglutinin gene. Evidence for evolutionary changes were observed with three definable steps. The first isolate from 1994 had the amino acid threonine at the -2 position of the hemagglutinin cleavage site, which is the most commonly observed amino acid at this site for North American H7 AIVs. In January 1995 a new genotype with a proline at the -2 position was detected, and this genotype eventually became the predominant virus isolate. A third viral genotype, detected in November 1996, had an eight-amino-acid deletion within the putative receptor binding site. This viral genotype appeared to be the predominant isolate, although isolates with proline at the -2 position without the deletion were still observed in viruses from the last sampling date. Evidence for reassortment of multiple viral genes was evident. The combination of possible adaptive evolution of the virus and reassortment with different influenza virus genes makes it difficult to determine the risk of pathogenesis of this group of H7 AIVs.
Antiserotonin agents in the treatment of migraine. (1975)

The authors present the results of own investigations about the use of both pizotifen (SandomigranR) and cyproheptadine (PeritolR). 32 sufferers were treated with pizotifen and showed positive improvement in 68% of the cases. In this group no serious side effects were found. 20 patients before administration of the drug had placebo and this helped to establish the results statistically. 25 sufferers were treated with cyproheptadine and equally positive results in 64% of the cases. In this group were noted infrequent side effects. The results of the two tests were compared with the results of other tests done with other drug. From this it has been established that the antiserotonin drugs are the most effective at present in the treatment of migraine.
The Use of the R Language for Medicinal Chemistry Applications (2013)

This manuscript serves as a review of how the R language has been used in the last decade to address problems related to medicinal chemistry design. This includes the use of the R language for chemoinformatics applications and interfaces, as well as statistical modeling for ADMET and potency endpoints. Additionally, a few examples of R code are provided to demonstrate the ability of this language to make available cutting-edge statistical analysis to the medicinal chemistry design community.
5-Gbit/s Si integrated regenerative demultiplexer and decision circuit (1987)

A silicon bipolar circuit is presented which may be used as either a 1:2 demultiplexer or a decision circuit up to the bit rate of 5 Gb/s. The circuit was fabricated with a standard bipolar technology with oxide-wall isolation, 2-/spl mu/m emitter stripe widths, and a transit frequency of about 9 GHz at V/SUB CE/=1 V. The high-speed performance of the circuit was achieved by applying a double sampling scheme. Clock phase margin (CPM) and decision ambiguity are 120/spl deg/ and 150 mV at 4 Gb/s, respectively. CPM at 5 Gbit/s is about 90%. Decision feedback equalization may be included in the circuit scheme for optional use.
Loop gain measurement in feedback amplifiers (1984)

This paper presents a method of loop gain measurement for DC-coupled feedback amplifiers, which overcomes the short-comings of some earlier well-known methods. The method discussed in this paper is similar in principle to one presented by Middle-brook (1975), but has the advantage that the instrumentation which is required for its successful application is much simpler, This method can be applied fairly routinely to measure loop gain accurately.
Clad Plates an Economical Solution for Severe Corrosive Environments (1988)

Abstract Cladding offers the strength and economy of one metal and the corrosion resistance of another. The paper present the cladding processes and the new developments in clad products. Austenoferritic stainless steels, superaustenitic stainless steels, alloy 825, alloy 625 and Hastelloy alloy C22 clad products are investigated. Metallurgical and corrosion resistance properties are presented. It is shown that clad metal and solid plates present similar corrosion resistance properties. Well defined hot forming heattreatment doesn't affect the properties of the material. Finally it is confirmed that cladding is a cost saving technology particulary for the high alloyed clad metals.
Pan-cancer landscape of homologous recombination deficiency (2020)

Abstract Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) results in impaired double strand break repair and is a frequent driver of tumorigenesis. Here, we developed a genome-wide mutational scar-based pan-cancer C lassifier of HO mologous R ecombination D eficiency (CHORD) that can discriminate BRCA1- and BRCA2-subtypes. Analysis of a metastatic (n=3,504) and primary (n=1,854) pan-cancer cohort revealed HRD was most frequent in ovarian and breast cancer, followed by pancreatic and prostate cancer. Biallelic inactivation of BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C or PALB2 was the most common genetic cause of HRD, with RAD51C and PALB2 inactivation resulting in BRCA2-type HRD. While the specific genetic cause of HRD was cancer type specific, biallelic inactivation was predominantly associated with loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH), with increased contribution of deep deletions in prostate cancer. Our results demonstrate the value of pan-cancer genomics-based HRD testing and its potential diagnostic value for patient stratification towards treatment with e.g. poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi).
Two dual-color split signal fluorescence in situ hybridization assays to detect t(5;14) involving HOX11L2 or CSX in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (2004)

Using the newly developed and validated FISH probe sets, we identified 5 new cases of t(5;14) involving HOX11L2 both on metaphases and interphases. The incidence of the t(5;14)(q35;q32) involving CSX is probably low. RT-PCR results suggest that TAL1 and HOX11L2 expression, or TAL1 aberrations and the t(5;14)(q35;q32) involving HOX11L2 are mutually exclusive.
Continuous urea monitoring in hemodialysis: a model approach to forecast dialytic performance. Results of a multicenter study. (2002)

Our model forecasts of urea concentrations were overall lower than the measured ones: the bias was negligible for A-Cend, greater for the A-Ceq and when the more efficient treatment B was used. The 60 min predictions improved at 90 min. The comparison between the prediction errors in the two treatments were not statistically significant. The recirculation measurement would probably reduce the bias if it were properly incorporated into the model.
Time of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Eradication Assessment Following Treatment (1997)

H. pylori eradication measured 1 month following cessation of treatment accurately reflects successful treatment of the infection.
The gene CSTF2T, encoding the human variant CstF-64 polyadenylation protein tauCstF-64, lacks introns and may be associated with male sterility. (2002)

Messenger RNA polyadenylation in male germ cells does not seem to require the AAUAAA polyadenylation signal required in all other cell types. To account for this difference, we found a variant form of the polyadenylation protein, the 64,000 Mr protein of the cleavage stimulation factor (CstF-64), in mouse meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells. This protein is a candidate to alter polyadenylation in those cells. More recently, we reported the cloning from mouse pachytene spermatocytes of mouse tauCstF-64 (gene symbol Cstf2t), which is a homolog of CstF-64 fitting the criteria we expected for the variant CstF-64 protein. Here we report the cloning and mapping of the human ortholog of mouse tauCstF-64. The human tauCstF-64 cDNA (gene symbol CSTF2T) is 2324 bp in length and encodes a protein of 616 amino acids (64,442.90 Da). Although most highly related to mouse tauCstF-64 (89.8% identity), human tauCstF-64 is also related to the human and mouse somatic CstF-64 (74.9% and 73.4% identity, respectively). Alignment of human tauCstF-64 with human genome sequence from chromosome 10 shows that CSTF2T lacks introns. Radiation hybrid mapping places the human tauCstF-64 gene at 10q22-q23, which is the site of a translocation that has been associated with human neurological problems and male infertility.
Expression of the Calpastatin Gene Segment During Spermiogenesis in Human Testis: An in Situ Hybridization Study (1995)

Serum obtained from an infertile woman contained antibodies that agglutinate human sperm. The antibodies interacted with a sperm protein with an estimated M(r) of 17.5 kD. The cDNA coding the 17.5-kD protein was isolated from a human testis lambda gt11 expression library and identified as a segment of the calpastatin gene. Single-stranded 35S-labeled RNA probes were prepared from the calpastatin cDNA segment. Using the techniques of in situ hybridization, the calpastatin mRNA was located in spermatids of human testis. The results support a previous observation that the calpastatin segment is produced during spermiogenesis and suggest that transcription of the calpastatin gene occurred during the postmeiotic haploid stage of spermatogenesis.
Pharmacology of [2-(octahydro-1-azocinyl)-ethyl]-guanidine sulfate (Su-5864). (1960)

[2-(Octahydro-1-azocinyl)-ethyl]-guanidine sulfate (Su-5864) profoundly lowered the arterial pressure of unanesthetized neurogenic and renal hypertensive dogs. It had a slight hypotensive action in the normotensive unanesthetized and anesthetized dog. Su-5864 was likewise a potent antagonist to the pressure responses elicited by (1) bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries and (2) injection of high doses of amphetamine. These actions lasted for periods ranging from 4 days to 3 weeks following single intravenous injections. The first several hours of Su-5864 action were characterized by strong sympathetic-like actions. During the remainder of the course of action of this drug sympathetic atony was prevalent. The nictitating membranes and the arterial system were unresponsive to stimulation of efferent sympathetic nerves. This prolonged period of unresponsiveness cannot be attributed to interference with the conduction of nerve impulses or transmission across ganglia since such effects are very transient. During the period when the nictitating membranes and arterial system were poorly responsive to nerve stimulation they were hyperresponsive to injected norepinephrine. It is concluded that Su-5864 chronically interferes with the release, and/or normal distribution subsequent to release, of the neurohumoral transmitter at the sympathetic neuromuscular junction.
The Conductivity of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids from (248 to 468) K. B. Variation of the Anion (2010)

The effect of the anion, namely dicyanamide, hexafluorophosphate, trifluoroacetate, or trifluoromethanesulfonate, on the conductivity (κ) of 1-N-butyl-3-N-methylimidazolium-based room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) was studied over the temperature range (248 to 468) K. The uncertainty in κ was estimated to be less than 0.5 %. The conductivity values obtained are well-described by the Vogel−Fulcher−Tammann equation. Additionally, densities (ρ) and the corresponding molar conductivities (Λ) are reported for the temperature range (278 to 338) K. The data for Λ and the associated viscosities (η) were found to fit fractional forms of the Walden relationship.
First snapshot of a nonpolymeric hydrogelator interacting with its gelling solvents (2005)

A pyridyl urea based low molecular weight supramolecular hydrogelator has been synthesized; crystallized from its gelling solvents, the single crystal structure of the gelator molecule interacting with its gelling solvents reported herein is the first example in the literature.
Exploiting particle shape in solid stabilized emulsions (2009)

Pickering–Ramsden emulsions and other forms of particle stabilized soft materials have received quite some attention recently because of the relative ease of formulation and the possibility to create novel materials. There is, however, a clear need for approaches that are versatile and efficient. In the present work the effect of aspect ratio of particles on the stability of both water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions is investigated experimentally. Two types of non-spherical particles are used. Hydrophobic prolate ellipsoids with aspect ratios ranging from 1 to 9 are obtained by stretching polystyrene latex particles. Hydrophilic spindle type hematite particles have been synthesized with aspect ratios ranging from 1 to 6. A strong dependence of emulsion stability on the aspect ratio of the particles is observed. Optical as well as cryogenic scanning electron microscopy are used to visualize the droplet morphology and particulate structure and reveal fairly densely packed monolayers of ellipsoids, consistent with the mechanism of limited coalescence. Yet stable emulsions are only obtained for particles with a sufficient aspect ratio. Surface rheology on planar monolayers demonstrates the pronounced effect of aspect ratio on the surface moduli. The magnitude of the interfacial viscoelastic properties is shown to strongly depend on the aspect ratio at a given surface coverage. This is most probably due to an increased effective coverage and the occurrence of strong attractive shape induced capillary interactions. The dependence of the surface rheological properties on the aspect ratio of the particles rationalizes the observed emulsion stability as the surface rheological properties play a role in the coalescence process. The results demonstrate that interfaces with controlled surface rheology, as obtained by using shape induced capillary forces and packing effects, can be used for the rational design of Pickering emulsions and other types of high interface materials.
New insights into <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> pathogenesis revealed by high-density pyrosequencing and transposon mutagenesis (2007)

Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an important and problematic human pathogen as it is the causative agent of several types of infections including pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia, and urinary tract infections. We explored the pathogenic content of this harmful pathogen using a combination of DNA sequencing and insertional mutagenesis. The genome of this organism was sequenced using a strategy involving high-density pyrosequencing, a novel, rapid method of high-throughput sequencing. Excluding the rDNA repeats, the assembled genome is 3,976,746 base pairs (bp) and has 3830 ORFs. A significant fraction of ORFs (17.2%) are located in 28 putative alien islands, indicating that the genome has acquired a large amount of foreign DNA. Consistent with its role in pathogenesis, a remarkable number of the islands (16) contain genes implicated in virulence, indicating the organism devotes a considerable portion of its genes to pathogenesis. The largest island contains elements homologous to the Legionella/Coxiella Type IV secretion apparatus. Type IV secretion systems have been demonstrated to be important for virulence in other organisms and thus are likely to help mediate pathogenesis of A. baumannii. Insertional mutagenesis generated avirulent isolates of A. baumannii and verified that six of the islands contain virulence genes, including two novel islands containing genes that lacked homology with others in the databases. The DNA sequencing approach described in this study allows the rapid elucidation of the DNA sequence of any microbe and, when combined with genetic screens, can identify many novel genes important for microbial pathogenesis.
Rearrangement of pyruvates to malonates. Synthesis of .beta.-lactams (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRearrangement of pyruvates to malonates. Synthesis of .beta.-lactamsDean R. Bender, Leonard F. Bjeldanes, Daniel R. Knapp, and Henry RapoportCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 9, 1264–1269Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00897a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views594Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (908 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Gene Expression Profiling of the Forming Atrioventricular Node Using a Novel <i>Tbx3</i> -Based Node-Specific Transgenic Reporter (2009)

The atrioventricular (AV) node is a recurrent source of potentially life-threatening arrhythmias. Nevertheless, limited data are available on its developmental control or molecular phenotype. We used a novel AV nodal myocardium-specific reporter mouse to gain insight into the gene programs determining the formation and phenotype of the developing AV node. In this reporter, green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression was driven by a 160-kbp bacterial artificial chromosome with Tbx3 and flanking sequences. GFP was selectively active in the AV canal of embryos and AV node of adults, whereas the Tbx3-positive AV bundle and sinus node were devoid of GFP, demonstrating that distinct regulatory sequences and pathways control expression in the components of the conduction system. Fluorescent AV nodal and complementary Nppa-positive chamber myocardial cell populations of embryonic day 10.5 embryos and of embryonic day 17.5 fetuses were purified using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and their expression profiles were assessed by genome-wide microarray analysis, providing valuable information concerning their molecular identities. We constructed a comprehensive list of sodium, calcium, and potassium channel genes specific for developing nodal or chamber myocardium. Furthermore, the data revealed that the AV node and the chamber (working) myocardium phenotypes diverge during development but that the functional gene classes characterizing both subtypes are maintained. One of the repertoires identified in the AV node-specific gene profiles consists of multiple neurotrophic factors and semaphorins, not yet appreciated to play a role in nodal development, revealing shared characteristics between nodal and nervous system development.
Antitumor SOD Compounds (1982)

Many studies have been recently performed on the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) in tumor cells. This enzyme catalyzes the reaction $$\\{20_2}^{\bar .}\; + \;2H\; \to {H_2}{0_2}\; + \;{0_2}\;(1)$$ . SOD is thought to be a protective enzyme necessary for life in all oxygen metabolizing cells (2). All normal eukaryotic cells (except the red blood cell) have both copper-zinc containing superoxide dismutase activity (Cu-ZnSOD) and manganese containing superoxide dismutase activity (MnSOD) (3). A typical pattern has emerged from the studies of SOD in tumor cells. Cancer cells have in general lowered activities of both Cu-ZnSOD and MnSOD when compared to their differentiated normal cell counterparts. Exceptions have been found to this pattern of low Cu-ZnSOD activity, but no exceptions have been found in the case of MnSOD activity. MnSOD activity has been found to be greatly reduced in over 50 human, rat, mouse, spontaneous, transplanted, virallyinduced, chemically-induced, in vivo, and in vitro tumors. This work has been the subject of a recent review (4).
Gas-Phase Surface Esterification of Cellulose Microfibrils and Whiskers (2009)

A new and highly efficient synthetic method has been developed for the surface esterification of model cellulosic substrates of high crystallinity and accessibility, namely, freeze-dried tunicin whiskers and bacterial cellulose microfibrils dried by the critical point method. The reaction, which is based on the gas-phase action of palmitoyl chloride, was monitored by solid-state CP-MAS (13)C NMR. It was found that the grafting density not only depended on the experimental conditions, but also on the nature and conditioning of the cellulose samples. The structural and morphological modifications of the substrates at various degrees of grafting were revealed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. These characterizations indicated that the esterification proceeded from the surface of the substrate to their crystalline core. Hence, for moderate degree of substitution, the surface was fully grafted whereas the cellulose core remained unmodified and the original fibrous morphology maintained. An almost total esterification could be achieved under certain conditions, leading to highly substituted cellulose esters, presenting characteristic X-ray diffraction patterns.
Sandboxing and Virtualization: Modern Tools for Combating Malware (2011)

Malware is probably the most significant computer security threat to enterprises and businesses alike. To address the exposure gap left by antivirus products, an emerging category of desktop security products that use application-level sandboxing attempts to address malware threats by containing their malicious behavior. High profile applications that now employ sandboxing include the Google Chrome browser, Internet Explorer Protect Mode, and Adobe Reader X. Partial virtualization techniques usually involve a combination of privilege restrictions by user ac counts and a virtual file system. Other terms for this approach include lightweight virtualiza tion, OS virtualization, process virtualization, and process confinement. Full virtualization techniquesare also called hardware virtu alization because the hardware layer and resources, including de vice drivers, are virtualized for a "guest" OS by a hypervisor layer.Utilizing hardware virtualization based techniques, a malware pro tection solution runs the target application in its own OS in a virtual machine.