gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Qualitative reinforcement learning control (2005)

An attempt is made to develop a reinforcement learning controller for a system described in more abstract or behavioral terms than those addressed by most controllers. The learning experiments center on the behavior of a ball rolling on a track. The evolution is from prediction to control of the behavior. An attempt is also made to evaluate the experiments in order to think about learning and experimentation at higher levels. The abstract description in the ball system considered is provided by a qualitative behavior of the system, given certain state information and given certain knowledge. The knowledge used is described, and the necessity of solving the problem is explained. The knowledge description is cast as part of a hierarchical controller, and generalizations to higher forms of learning are proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Active learning for automatic classification of software behavior (2004)

A program's behavior is ultimately the collection of all its executions. This collection is diverse, unpredictable, and generally unbounded. Thus it is especially suited to statistical analysis and machine learning techniques. The primary focus of this paper is on the automatic classification of program behavior using execution data. Prior work on classifiers for software engineering adopts a classical batch-learning approach. In contrast, we explore an active-learning paradigm for behavior classification. In active learning, the classifier is trained incrementally on a series of labeled data elements. Secondly, we explore the thesis that certain features of program behavior are stochastic processes that exhibit the Markov property, and that the resultant Markov models of individual program executions can be automatically clustered into effective predictors of program behavior. We present a technique that models program executions as Markov models, and a clustering method for Markov models that aggregates multiple program executions into effective behavior classifiers. We evaluate an application of active learning to the efficient refinement of our classifiers by conducting three empirical studies that explore a scenario illustrating automated test plan augmentation.
p62, A TFIIH Subunit, Directly Interacts with Thyroid Hormone Receptor and Enhances T<sub>3</sub>-Mediated Transcription (2004)

Currently, little is known about the direct interactions of general transcription factors and nuclear hormone receptors. To investigate the potential role of the general transcription factor, TFIIH, in T3-mediated transcriptional activation, we examined thyroid hormone receptor (TR) interaction with individual TFIIH subunits in a yeast-two hybrid system. Among the nine subunits of TFIIH studied, only p62 subunit interacted with TRbeta in a ligand-dependent manner. Glutathione-S-transferase pull-down and in vivo coimmunoprecipitation studies also demonstrated direct TR/p62 interaction. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we showed that TFIIH subunits were corecruited on or near an endogenous thyroid hormone response element upon T3 addition. Cotransfection studies with TSA201 cells showed that p62 increased T3-mediated transcription, which could be further enhanced when p62 and another TFIIH subunit, p44, were cotransfected simultaneously. Taken together, these data suggest that TRs can interact directly with a subunit of TFIIH and may provide an alternative pathway for nuclear receptor communication with the general transcription machinery that circumvents coactivators.
Preemptive distributed intrusion detection using mobile agents (2003)

Distributed intrusion detection systems have many advantages over their centralized counterparts such as scalability, subversion resistance, and graceful service degradation. However, an important disadvantage is their inability to block packets immediately when an intrusion is detected To tackle this problem, we propose a network-based preemptive distributed intrusion detection system using mobile agents. Packets are diverted to various types of agents strategically placed over the network. Various agents perform tasks in control, detection, policy, and blocking. Suspect packets are blocked before they reach the destination when an intrusion is detected and the policy verdicts for blockage. Ways to mitigate negative impacts of our system on network traffic and latency are discussed.
Colorimetric modeling of binary color printers (2002)

Colorimetric device models play an important role in achieving consistent and accurate color reproduction among digital output devices. Models based on the Neugebauer (1937) mixing equations are examined for halftone color printers. Spectral information, and the Yule-Neilsen (1951) correction for light scattering, are incorporated into the models. A cellular approach is examined as a tradeoff between model accuracy and complexity. Two halftone screen orientations are discussed: the rotated or random dot; and the dot-on-dot configuration. Results show that the models can predict the printer response with acceptable accuracy.
The virulence‐associated gonococcal H.8 gene encodes 14 tandemly repeated pentapeptides (1989)

H.8 is a virulence-associated, surface-exposed immunogenic macromolecule composed of lipid and protein, common to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis. The H.8 DNA sequence predicted a 6.9 kD peptide comprising 14 tandemly repeated pentameric sequences. Ten were identical: Pro, Ala, Ala, Glu, Ala. Also predicted was a lipoprotein leader consensus sequence which probably specified acylation since the Escherichia coli-expressed protein was tightly associated with lipid. Lipid appeared to contribute significantly to H.8 antigen's electrophoretic mobility. This is the first description of a prokaryotic outer membrane protein composed solely of tandem repeats. Furthermore, DNA encoding this repeat appears to have been duplicated and translocated into another neisserial gene encoding an azurin.
Extracting energy and heat from the vacuum (1993)

Relatively recent proposals have been made in the literature for extracting energy and heat from electromagnetic zero-point radiation via the use of the Casimir force. The basic thermodynamics involved in these proposals is analyzed and clarified here, with the conclusion that, yes, in principle, these proposals are correct. Technological considerations for actual application and use are not examined here, however.
Current Perspective: 3D Spheroid Models Utilizing Human-Based Cells for Investigating Metabolism-Dependent Drug-Induced Liver Injury (2020)

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a leading cause for the withdrawal of approved drugs. This has significant financial implications for pharmaceutical companies, places increasing strain on global health services, and causes harm to patients. For these reasons, it is essential that <i>in-vitro</i> liver models are capable of detecting DILI-positive compounds and their underlying mechanisms, prior to their approval and administration to patients or volunteers in clinical trials. Metabolism-dependent DILI is an important mechanism of drug-induced toxicity, which often involves the CYP450 family of enzymes, and is associated with the production of a chemically reactive metabolite and/or inefficient removal and accumulation of potentially toxic compounds. Unfortunately, many of the traditional <i>in-vitro</i> liver models fall short of their <i>in-vivo</i> counterparts, failing to recapitulate the mature hepatocyte phenotype, becoming metabolically incompetent, and lacking the longevity to investigate and detect metabolism-dependent DILI and those associated with chronic and repeat dosing regimens. Nevertheless, evidence is gathering to indicate that growing cells in 3D formats can increase the complexity of these models, promoting a more mature-hepatocyte phenotype and increasing their longevity, <i>in vitro</i>. This review will discuss the use of 3D <i>in vitro</i> models, namely spheroids, organoids, and perfusion-based systems to establish suitable liver models to investigate metabolism-dependent DILI.
[Preliminary research on the prognosis of late reimplants with prior conditioning with a fluoridated solution]. (1992)

The principal factors that affect the prognosis of a posttraumatic reimplantation are the length of the extra-alveolar persistence and the manner in which the extracted tooth is preserved. Both are fundamental for the maintenance of the fiber vitality of the periodontal ligament. The necrosis of these fibers cause ankylosis. It is observed that the conditioning of the radicular surface with fluoride solutions before the reimplantation is likely to slow down the evolution of radicular resorption. To evaluate the effectiveness of such methodology six cases of traumatic extractions, characterized by a length of extra-alveolar persistency (not longer than 24 hours), and unfavorable conditions of the preserved tooth have been treated by conditioning the radicular surface with the Na-fluoride solution before the reimplantation. Another group of reimplantation cases with the same characteristics have been examined without proceeding first to the radicular conditioning. The results of the study, although preliminary, verified the positive influence of the Na fluoride upon the radicular resorption.
Effect of the sesterterpene-type metabolites, ophiobolins A and B, on zygomycetes fungi (2010)

Ophiobolins are sesterterpene-type phytotoxins produced by fungi belonging mainly to the genus Bipolaris. In this study, the antifungal effect of ophiobolins A and B on different zygomycetes has been examined. Depending on the zygomycete tested, MIC values of 3.175-50 μg mL(-1) were found for ophiobolin A and 25-50 μg mL(-1) for ophiobolin B. Ophiobolin A inhibited sporangiospore germination of Mucor circinelloides and caused morphological changes; the fungus formed degenerated, thick or swollen cells with septa. Cytoplasm effusions from the damaged cells were also observed. Fluorescence microscopy after annexin and propidium iodide staining of the treated cells suggested that the drug induced an apoptosis-like cell death process in the fungus.
Hybrid Directional Discontinuous Reception (HD-DRX) for 5G Communication (2017)

For mmWave directional air interface expected in 5G communications, current discontinuous reception (DRX) mechanisms would be inadequate. Beam searching, for alignment of beams at User Equipment (UE) and 5G base station (NR nodeB), cannot be avoided in directional communication. We propose to exploit dual connectivity of UE, to both LTE eNB and NR nodeB, for effective 5G DRX. We present a novel hybrid directional-DRX (HD-DRX) mechanism, where beam searching is performed only when necessary. Probabilistic estimate of power saving and delay is conducted by capturing various states of UE through a semi-Markov process. Our numerical analysis achieves 13% improvement in power saving for HD-DRX compared with directional-DRX. We validate our numerical analysis with simulation studies on real traffic trace.
The effects of dietary lycopene supplementation on human seminal plasma (2007)

This study confirms the presence of lycopene in human semen, the levels of which can be significantly increased after dietary supplementation with a natural source of lycopene. Further studies to establish whether this would also be the case in infertile men, with possible associated improvements in their seminal quality, are warranted.
Oral, Nonabsorbable Antibiotics Prevent Infection in Cirrhotics With Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (1985)

To investigate if oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics prevent bacterial infections in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, 140 consecutive patients were randomly allocated into two groups: 68 patients (Group I) were given oral, non absorbable antibiotics (gentamicin + vancomycin + nystatin or neomycin + colistin + nystatin) from the inclusion into the trial up to 48 hr after cessation of the hemorrhage, or until emergency surgery or death in those cases who continued bleeding; and 72 patients (Group II) did not receive oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics. Both groups were similar in relation to clinical and laboratory data and characteristics of the hemorrhage. The incidence of infection was significantly lower in Group I than in Group II (11 patients in Group I and 25 in Group II developed proved infections; p less than 0.025). This difference was due to the fact that spontaneous bacteremia and peritonitis and urinary tract infection caused by enteric bacteria occurred almost exclusively in Group II. Two patients of Group I and 10 of Group II developed spontaneous bacteremia and/or peritonitis caused by enteric bacteria (p less than 0.025). These results indicate that prophylactic administration of oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics markedly reduces the incidence of infections caused by enteric bacteria in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
Analysis of MPEG-4 scalable encoded video (2004)

Streaming video is expected to account for a considerable percentage of traffic on both wired and wireless networks, and is expected to be encoded in a scalable fashion and have a heterogeneous quality. The author discusses a key standard that has introduced such improvements, namely MPEG-4, and outlines a statistical study of predominantly single layer (non-scalable) and temporal/spatial (scalable) MPEG-4 encoded video of differing quality. The results are reported by illustrating the scaling behaviour of such traffic and conclusions are drawn concerning the potential impact on future telecommunication networks.
Simplified Method for Mass Screening for Lead Poisoning Based on δ-Aminolevulinic Acid in Urine (1970)

This new dipstick test offers a practical way to screen children repeatedly for possible lead ingestion. Children with positive results by this screening method may be followed up with more specific diagnostic and laboratory approaches.
The use of antibody‐secreting cell probes to reveal tissue‐restricted immune responses during infection (1994)

Antibody secreting cell probes (ASC-probes) were generated from the hepatic lymph node (HLN), mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and spleen of rats after infection with the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, and used to probe Western blots of parasite antigens. In chronic primary infections, parasite-specific antibodies were only detected in ASC-probes derived from HLN. Seven days after a secondary infection, a restricted response was detected in ASC-probes from the MLN, directed predominantly against an antigen specific to the newly excysted juvenile (NEJ) stage. This NEJ-specific antigen was only recognized by HLN if the second infection was not rejected and the challenge flukes reached the liver. Measurement of the immunoglobulin levels present in the ASC-probes showed significant elevation only in lymph nodes draining sites of recent infection. In addition, when the isotype profiles were determined in ASC-probes derived from different lymph nodes, it was observed that they showed different isotype preferences, in particular IgA for the MLN, IgE for HL.N and IgM for spleen. These results show that discrete and independent immune responses occur in different body compartments of a rat against different stages of a parasite.
Détermination par des méthodes optiques des trois composantes d'un champ magnétique très faible (1970)

En raison de leur finesse, les résonances de croisement de niveaux observables en champ nul dans l'état fondamental des alcalins sont intéressantes pour la détection des champs magnétiques très faibles. En particulier, des champs inférieurs à 10-9 G ont été mesurés en ajoutant un champ de radiofréquence parallèlement au champ à mesurer. Nous montrons dans cet article que des résonances intéressantes apparaissent également lorsqu'on balaie le champ statique dans une direction quelconque par rapport au champ de radiofréquence ou lorsqu'on ajoute un deuxième champ de R. F. perpendiculaire au premier. Nous avons calculé rigoureusement la forme des signaux et nous les avons mis en évidence expérimentalement. Nous montrons qu'on peut utiliser ces signaux pour mesurer les trois composantes du champ magnétique : nous proposons pour cela deux méthodes de caractéristiques complémentaires, l'une utilisant un seul champ de R. F., la seconde en utilisant deux.
Principles of Exercise Testing and Interpretation: Including Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications (2004)

Exercise Testing and Interpretation: An Overview Why Measure Gas Exchange to Evaluate Cardiovascular Function and Cellular Respiration? Cardiac Stress Test and Pulmonary Stress Test: Nomenclature and Fallacies Cell Respiration and Bioenergetics Normal Coupling of External to Cellular Respiration Quantifying State and Time Course of Cellular Respiration from Measurements Of External Respiration Patterns of Change in External Respiration (O2 Uptake and CO2 Output) as Related to Function, Fitness and Disease Factors Limiting Exercise Fatigue Dyspnea Pain Evidence of Systemic Dysfunction Uniquely Revealed by Integrative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Physiology of Exercise Skeletal Muscle Mechanical Properties and Fiber Types Energetics Oxygen Cost of Work Work Efficiency VO2 Non-Steady State Lactate Increase Lactate Increase as Related to Work Rate Lactate Increase as Related to Time Lactate Increase in Response to Increasing Work Rate Mechanisms of Lactate Increase Buffering the Exercise-induced Lactic Acidosis The Anaerobic Threshold (AT) Concept Identifying AT by Gas Exchange Altered Physiological Responses to Exercise Above the AT Anaerobic, Lactate and Lactic Acidosis Thresholds Metabolic-Cardiovascular-Ventilatory Coupling Cellular Respiration and High Energy Phosphate Regeneration Cardiovascular Coupling to Metabolism: Muscle O2 Supply Ventilatory Coupling to Metabolism Effect of Dietary Substrate Control of Breathing Overview Acid-Base Regulation Physical Factors Reflexes Regulating Breathing During Exercise Gas Exchange Kinetics Oxygen Uptake Kinetics CO2 Output Kinetics Measurements During Integrative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing What is an Integrative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test? When Should Integrative Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Be Used? Measurements Electrocardiogram Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) Maximum Oxygen Uptake (Peak VO2) Oxygen Uptake and Work Rate Pattern of Work Rate Increase and the VO2 Response Upward Displacement of VO2 as A Function of Work Rate Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume Anaerobic (Lactate, Lactic Acidosis) Threshold (AT, LT, LAT) Heart Rate-Oxygen Uptake Relationship and Heart Rate Reserve Oxygen Pulse (VO2/HR) and Stroke Volume Arterial Blood Pressure Breathing Reserve Expiratory Flow Pattern Tests of Uneven VA/Q Arterial Bicarbonate and Acid-Base Response Tidal Volume/Inspiratory Capacity Ratio (VT/IC) Measurements Unique to Constant Work Rate Exercise Testing Data Display and Interpretation Pathophysiology of Disorders Limiting Exercise Obesity Peripheral Arterial Diseases Heart Disease Coronary Artery Disease Myopathic Heart Disease Valvular Heart Disease Congenital Heart Disease
Novel class of functionalized ionic liquids with grafted CMPO-moieties for actinides and rare-earth elements recovery (2010)

The general approach to a novel class of functionalized ionic liquids 4-6 bearing grafted diphenylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide complexing groups in the cation has been elaborated. The synthetic route comprises the preparation of the intermediate (diphenylphosphorylmethylcarbamoyl)propylimidazole 3, followed by sequential quaternization by alkyl halides (chlorides or bromides) and anionic exchange in the case of ionic liquids bearing the hexafluorophosphate anion. The structures of two ionic liquids were confirmed by X-ray analysis, revealing the strong intramolecular hydrogen bond formed by the acidic protons of the heterocycle and oxygen atom either of the P=O or C=O group, depending on the anion nature. In neutral media, these ionic ligands form complexes ML(2) with europium chloride or europium nitrate via an O,O-bidentate mode similar to known neutral CMPO compounds. The solid phase extractants prepared by immobilization of these FILs on solid matrixes possess sorption activity towards actinides and rare-earth elements in nitric acid solutions.
Oropharyngeal or Gastric Colonization and Nosocomial Pneumonia in Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients (1997)

Colonization of the digestive tract has been supposed to be the source of many hospital-acquired infections, especially nosocomial pneumonia. To assess the relationship between oropharyngeal and gastric colonization and subsequent occurrence of nosocomial pneumonia, we prospectively studied 86 ventilated, intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Oropharyngeal or gastric colonizations were detected and quantified on admission and twice weekly during ICU stay. When nosocomial pneumonia was suspected on clinical grounds (new chest X-ray infiltrate and purulent tracheal secretions), diagnosis was assessed on fiberoptic bronchoscopy with quantitative cultures of a protected specimen brush sampling and/or a plugged telescoping catheter sampling yielding > or = 10(3) cfu/ml of at least one microorganism. Bacterial strains responsible for colonization and infection (Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae, and Staphylococcus aureus) were compared using pulsed-field electrophoresis. A total of 31 cases (36%) of pneumonia were diagnosed. Oropharyngeal colonization, detected either on admission or from subsequent samples, was a predominant factor of nosocomial pneumonia as compared with gastric colonization. For instance, oropharyngeal colonization with A. baumannii yielded a 7.45-fold estimated increased risk of pneumonia as compared with patients not yet or not identically colonized (p = 0.0004). DNA genomic analysis demonstrated that an identical strain was isolated from oropharyngeal or gastric samples and bronchial samples in all but three cases of pneumonia, due to S. aureus. These findings provide better knowledge of the pathophysiology of nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients.
A Biodegradable Glue for Annulus Closure (2015)

N/A.
Parallel test pattern generation using Boolean satisfiability (1991)

Recently, Larrabee proposed a sequential test generation algorithm for combinational circuits based on Boolean satisfiability and presented results on benchmark circuits in support of the viability of this approach. Parallel implementations of test generation algorithms are attractive in view of the known difficulty (NP-completeness) of the problem. This paper suggests parallel versions of Larrabee's algorithm, suitable for implementation on shared-memory and message-passing multicomputers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prospective Study of Shift Work and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women (1995)

These data are compatible with the possibility that 6 or more years of shift work may increase the risk of CHD in women.
Cloning of the cDNA for a Mouse Homologue of Human PHBP: a Novel Hyaluronan-Binding Protein. (1997)

The cDNA which encodes the mouse counterpart of human plasma hyaluronan-binding protein (PHBP) was isolated and characterized. The clone contained an insert of 2153 bp, which contained the 1674-bp open reading frame coding for a polypeptide of 558 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence of mouse PHBP predicted from the nucleotide sequence of cDNA shows reasonable homology to that of human PHBP. Like human PHBP, the amino acid sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequence of mouse PHBP cDNA exhibited significant homology to that of human hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA).