gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of REX-1, a gene containing zinc finger motifs, is rapidly reduced by retinoic acid in F9 teratocarcinoma cells. (1989)

In the presence of retinoic acid (RA), cultured F9 murine teratocarcinoma stem cells differentiate into nontumorigenic cells resembling the extraembryonic endoderm of the early mouse embryo. By differential hybridization screening of an F9 cell cDNA library, we isolated a 1,745-nucleotide cDNA for a gene, REX-1 (for reduced expression), whose steady-state mRNA level began to decline in F9 cells in monolayer culture within 12 h after the addition of RA. By 48 to 96 h after RA treatment of F9 cells in monolayer culture, the REX-1 steady-state mRNA level was more than sevenfold lower than the level in undifferentiated F9 stem cells. The REX-1 mRNA decrease did not result from the reduction in cell growth rate associated with the differentiation process, since the REX-1 mRNA level did not decline in F9 cells that were partially growth arrested after 48 h of isoleucine deprivation. The RA-associated REX-1 mRNA decrease resulted primarily from a reduction in the transcription rate of the REX-1 gene in the presence of RA. In contrast to results in F9 cells, we have been unable thus far to detect REX-1 mRNA in day 7.5 to 12.5 mouse embryo RNA samples or in the P19 teratocarcinoma stem cell line. The putative REX-1 protein identified by DNA sequence analysis contains four repeats of the zinc finger nucleic acid-binding motif and a potential acidic activator domain, suggesting that REX-1 encodes a regulatory protein. The REX-1 gene is not identical to the previously reported murine genes that encode zinc finger-containing proteins.
Computer Aided Analysis of Split and Mix Combinatorial Libraries (2000)

Combinatorial chemistry using split and pool synthesis involves making and testing mixtures of compounds in pools which are subsets of the larger compound collection. These subsets are created during the synthesis of the collection through a resin splitting and mixing method. Tests are conducted on each of the final pools of mixtures and the individual compounds within a mixture of interest are then identified through some deconvolution scheme, originally involving selective re-synthesis. It is possible that different schemes for splitting and mixing will have different consequences on the overall effort necessary to deconvolute interesting mixtures. The evaluation of different protocols of splitting and mixing involves consideration of more possibilities than can be exhaustively or optimally determined manually in a realistic time frame for most compound collections. We present herein a computational scheme to aid in this analysis. The approach exhaustively examines possible splitting and mixing strategies for the interrelated values of total library size, number of combinatorial steps, number of reaction vessels, and number of compounds per final pool. Weighting factors may be introduced into the various steps. The resulting complete list of splitting and mixing options is scored based on a variable weighting strategy for the total effort of synthesis and deconvolution. The results indicate the splitting/mixing strategy used has an impact on overall efficiency and should be considered in the design of compound libraries.
Enzyme assay using ultra-low volume surface micromachined sensors (1998)

We demonstrate an amperometric enzyme-linked assay within an ultra-low volume (600 pl) micromachined device for the rapid determination of (hypo)xanthine via a catalytically generated hydrogen peroxide intermediate, thereby illustrating the potential of this technology in a variety of bioanalytical measurements involving the oxidases.
Effect of dimer formation on the electronic absorption and emission spectra of ionic dyes. Rhodamines and other common dyes (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of dimer formation on the electronic absorption and emission spectra of ionic dyes. Rhodamines and other common dyesRichard W. Chambers, Takashi Kajiwara, and David R. KearnsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1974, 78, 4, 380–387Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100597a012https://doi.org/10.1021/j100597a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1762Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Slicing methods using static and dynamic analysis information (2003)

In this paper, we propose four slicing methods using both static and dynamic analysis information. (1) Statement-mark slice removes the unnecessary statements using an execution history of the statements. (2) Partial program analysis reduces the static analysis cost using invocation history of procedures. (3) Dynamic data dependence analysis extracts precise data dependence relations using dynamic data dependence analysis. (4) Array and pointer analysis improves the efficiency of (3) by dynamically analyzing pointer and array variables only. Using both dynamic and static information, we show that the precision of the slicing is improved with smaller run-time overhead.
A Comparison of Color and Infrared Stereo Approaches to Pedestrian Detection (2007)

This paper presents an analysis of color and infrared stereo approaches to pedestrian detection. We design a four camera experimental testbed consisting of two color and two infrared cameras that allows for synchronous capture and direct frame-by-frame comparison of pedestrian detection approaches. We incorporate this four camera system in a test vehicle and conduct comparative experiments of stereo-based approaches to obstacle detection using color and infrared imagery. A detailed analysis of these experiments shows the robustness of both color and infrared stereo imagery to generate the dense stereo maps necessary for robust object detection and motivates investigation of color and infrared features that can be used to further classify detected obstacles into pedestrian regions. The complementary nature of color and infrared features gives rise to a discussion of a feature fusion techniques, including a cross-spectral stereo solution to pedestrian detection.
Exploring Different Human Judgments with a Tunable MT Metric (2009)

Automatic Machine Translation (MT) evaluation metrics have traditionally been evaluated by the correlation of the scores they assign to MT output with human judgments of translation performance. Different types of human judgments, such as Fluency, Adequacy, and HTER, measure varying aspects of MT performance that can be captured by automatic MT metrics. We explore these differences through the use of a new tunable MT metric: TER-Plus, which extends the Translation Edit Rate evaluation metric with tunable parameters and the incorporation of morphology, synonymy and paraphrases. TER-Plus was shown to be one of the top metrics in NIST’s Metrics MATR 2008 Challenge, having the highest average rank in terms of Pearson and Spearman correlation. Optimizing TER-Plus to different types of human judgments yields significantly improved correlations and meaningful changes in the weight of different types of edits, demonstrating significant differences between the types of human judgments.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Hydrolysis of Phenyl a-Maltoside by Saccharifying a-Amylase of Bacillus subtilis (1967)

Journal Article Kinetics and Mechanism of Hydrolysis of Phenyl a-Maltoside by Saccharifying a-Amylase of Bacillus subtilis: I.Formation of Maltotriose in the Course of Hydrolysis Get access HOZUMI YOSHIDA, HOZUMI YOSHIDA From the Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, College of Agriculture, University of Osaka PrefectureSakai Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KEITARO HIROMI, KEITARO HIROMI From the Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, College of Agriculture, University of Osaka PrefectureSakai Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SOZABURO ONO SOZABURO ONO From the Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, College of Agriculture, University of Osaka PrefectureSakai Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 62, Issue 4, October 1967, Pages 439–446, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a128687 Published: 01 October 1967 Article history Received: 31 March 1967 Published: 01 October 1967
Atomic-Layer Doping in Si1-xGex/Si/Si1-xGex Heterostructures by Two-Step Solid-Phase Epitaxy (1998)

A two-step solid-phase epitaxy (SPE) technique was developed to solve the problem of Sb segregation during the growth of Si1-xGex/Si/Si1-xGex heterostructures with Sb atomic-layer doping. At below 100°C Sb was deposited onto the Si1-xGex layer crystallized in the first SPE process to eliminate the diffusion of Sb during the second SPE process to form the Si1-xGex layer on the Sb layer. As a result, a sharp Sb depth profile and high electrical activation in the Sb-doped Si1-xGex layer was obtained. However, the number of modulation-doped carriers in the Si channel layer was small. Calculation of the carrier distribution between the channel and the doped layer suggested that the carrier density in the channel was low when the Sb-doping profile was sharp, thus precise control of the modulation-doped-carrier density by optimizing the thickness of the Sb-doped layer is crucial for fabricating modulation-doped field-effect transistors.
Numerical calculation of fractional Fourier transforms with a single fast-Fourier-transform algorithm (1998)

A numerical algorithm based on a single fast Fourier transform is proposed. Its precision and calculation efficiency show better performance than those of previously published algorithms. It is also shown that if specific conditions are met, the numerical calculations of two successive fractional Fourier transforms produce results that are similar to the analytical solution.
Mouse mammary tumor virus integration regions int-1 and int-2 map on different mouse chromosomes. (1984)

Two regions of mouse DNA which constitute common provirus integration sites in tumors induced by mouse mammary tumor virus have been identified and designated int-1 and int-2. By examining a series of hamster-mouse somatic cell hybrids, we mapped the int-2 locus to mouse chromosome 7 and confirmed the previous assignment of int-1 to chromosome 15. This constitutes proof that int-1 and int-2 are discrete genetic loci. It is therefore possible that proviral activation of two distinct cellular genes may result in the same neoplastic disease.
In vivo depletion of hematopoietic stem cells in the rat by an anti-CD45 (RT7) antibody (2002)

Anti-CD45 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are potentially powerful tools for the depletion of mature leukocytes. As their application for immunotherapy also depends on their effects on bone marrow (BM) progeny, the in vivo effects of an anti-CD45 mAb (anti-RT7(a) mAb) on BM precursor cells were analyzed in a rat model. Anti-RT7(a) mAb treatment was performed in LEW.1W (RT1(u) RT7(a)) rats with the use of different dosages. In addition, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-congenic BM transplantation making use of a diallelic polymorphism (RT7(a)/RT7(b)) of rat CD45 was applied. Following injection of anti-RT7(a) mAb into normal LEW.1W rats, T cells were profoundly depleted in blood, lymph nodes, and spleen, whereas B cells were coated only by the antibody. Single injection of anti-RT7(a) mAb in a high dose induced a lethal aplastic syndrome with severe thrombocytopenia. Rescue of antibody-treated animals with BM from congenic LEW.1W-7B rats (RT1(u) RT7(b)) and transplantation of BM from LEW.1W rats pretreated with anti-RT7(a) mAb into sublethally irradiated LEW.1W-7B recipients revealed a profound effect of the mAb on progeny of myeloid and T-cell lineage. Following repeated antibody treatment of stable mixed chimeras (RT7(b)/RT7(a)), very few RT7(a)-positive B cells were still detectable after 6 months and their number declined during the subsequent year. These observations show that this anti-RT7(a) mAb effectively depletes mature T cells as well as BM precursor cells of myeloid, T-cell, and thrombocytic lineage after in vivo application. In contrast, mature B cells are not depleted, but precursors also appear to be eliminated. Overall, the findings suggest that the anti-RT7(a) mAb efficiently depletes early rat hematopoietic stem cells.
Tunneling Magnetoresistance: Experiment (MgO Magnetic Tunnel Junctions) (2011)

A magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) consists of an ultrathin insulating layer (tunnel barrier) sandwiched between two ferromagnetic (FM) metal layers (electrodes), as shown in Figure 11.1a. e resistance of MTJ depends on the relative magnetic alignment (parallel or antiparallel) of the electrodes. e tunnel resistance, R, of MTJ is lower when the magnetizations are parallel than it is when the magnetizations are antiparallel, as shown in Figure 11.1b. at is, RP < RAP. is change in resistance with the relative orientation of the two magnetic layers, called the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) e¥ect, is one of the most important phenomena in spintronics. e size of this e¥ect is measured by the fractional change in resistance (RAP − RP)/ RP × 100 (%), which is called the magnetoresistance (MR) ratio. e MR ratio at room temperature (RT) and a low magnetic ¢eld (typically <10 mT) represent a performance index for industrial applications.
Processes of Life : Primary SPACE project research report (1992)

The SPACE Research Reports present the results of a national enquiry into the ideas which children form about scientific concepts and processes. This eighth report is concerned with children's understanding of healthy and unhealthy foods and activities and simple body processes.
State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Challenges of UV Curable Polymer‐Based Smart Materials for Printing Technologies (2019)

Abstract The one‐step printing of fully functional electronic devices is one of the main goals of additive manufacturing. In general, this approach is increasingly growing, being one of the key developments additive manufacturing processes based on ultraviolet curing. The main reasons for this increasing interest in UV curing based technologies are its advantages, such as fast curing at room temperature, space and energy efficiency, high‐resolution patterns, and solvent‐free formulations. Despite the important developments, some challenges remain with respect to improving UV curing process and, in particular, to obtain smart UV curable materials, many times based on the inclusion of specific nanoparticles in a UV curable polymer matrix. Thus, this paper reviews the recent developments in UV curable smart materials for printing technologies focusing on both materials and processes. The curing mechanisms and the main materials used in UV photocurable resins are reviewed as well as the main smart and multifunctional materials obtained based on them. Finally, a summary of the main achievement and the future needs are indicated. This review represents therefore a landmark for the development of a new generation of UV curable smart and multifunctional materials and solutions.
Q AMPLIFICATION IN GALLIUM NITRIDE THICKNESS-MODE FILTERS USING ACOUSTOELECTRIC EFFECT (2010)

We report, for the first time, on the observation of the acoustoelectric amplification of the quality factor in thicknessmode gallium nitride micromechanical filters. Acoustoelectric amplification, which is most effective in piezoelectric semiconductors, occurs when charge carriers drift under the influence of an applied electric field with a velocity higher than that of the acoustic wave, thus transferring energy to lower velocity phonons. We demonstrate Q amplification of more than 300% by applying an electric field in the direction of acoustic propagation in a 2.2 m thick gallium nitride filter operating at 1.5 GHz. The power handling of the filter is measured by applying RF powers up to +20 dBm. No significant distortion is observed in the frequency response at elevated input powers.
Coordination Compounds of Thallium(III) (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoordination Compounds of Thallium(III)F. A. Cotton, B. F. G. Johnson, and R. M. WingCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1965, 4, 4, 502–507Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50026a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50026a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Differential virtual time (DVT) (2010)

This paper investigates what it entails to provide I/O service differentiation and performance isolation for virtual machines on individual multicore nodes in cloud platforms. Sharing I/O between VMs is fundamentally different from sharing I/O between processes because guest VM operating systems use adaptive resource management mechanisms like TCP congestion avoidance, disk I/O schedulers, etc. The problem is that these mechanisms are generally sensitive to the magnitude and rate of change of service latencies, where failing to address these latency concerns while designing a service differentiation framework for I/O results in undue performance degradation and hence, insufficient isolation between VMs. This problem is addressed by the notion of Differential Virtual Time (DVT), which can provide service differentiation with performance isolation for VM guest OS resource management mechanisms. DVT is realized within a proportional share I/O scheduling framework for the Xen hypervisor, and its use requires no changes to guest OSs. DVT is applied to message-based I/O, but is also applicable to subsystems like disk I/O. Experimental results with DVT-based I/O scheduling for representative applications demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of the approach.
The three-dimensional organization of telomeres in the nucleus of mammalian cells (2004)

The results emphasize a non-random and dynamic 3D nuclear telomeric organization and its importance to genomic stability. Based on our findings, it appears possible to examine telomeric aggregates suggestive of genomic instability in individual interphase nuclei and tissues without the need to examine metaphases. Such new avenues of monitoring genomic instability could potentially impact on cancer biology, genetics, diagnostic innovations and surveillance of treatment response in medicine.
The mouse one P-domain (pS2) and two P-domain (mSP) genes exhibit distinct patterns of expression (1993)

We have previously shown that the human pS2 gene, which codes for a secreted peptide of 60 amino acids, is expressed in a number of human carcinomas, including carcinomas of the breast, the pancreas, and the large bowel. Strong pS2 gene expression was also observed in the normal gastric mucosa and in the regenerative tissues surrounding ulcerous lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. A number of pS2 similar peptides, designated as P-domain peptides, have been described, notably the porcine (PSP), murine (mSP), and human (hSP) spasmolytic polypeptides, which correspond to duplicated pS2 proteins. We have now cloned a mouse homolog of the human pS2 cDNA to dispose of an animal model to study the pS2 protein function, which remains unknown at the present time. We show that the mouse putative pS2 protein sequence and the physiological pattern of expression of the mouse pS2 gene are well conserved. The mouse pS2 gene is highly expressed in the stomach mucosa cells, whereas no pS2 gene expression could be detected in the mouse mammary gland, even during postnatal development processes dependent on growth factors or hormones. Using in situ hybridization, we show that although coexpressed in the fundus, the antrum and the antrum-pyloric regions of the stomach, the mouse pS2 and mSP genes exhibit distinct and complementary cellular patterns of expression.
In Vivo and In Vitro Studies of a Chronic Oxygen Saturation Sensor (1991)

An oxygen saturation sensor, for the purpose of chronically controlling the heart rhythm produced by a pacemaker, should be specific to oxygen saturation and should be minimally affected by the harsh blood environment. For the sensor type we tested we found: (1) one sensor failure in 205.5 canine-months of chronic implantation (n = 11, range 4 to 50 months); (2) hematocrit-induced error of less than 5 percentage points of SvO2 over the range of 50% to 80% SvO2 and 15% to 45% hematocrit; (3) carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO)-induced error of less than 4 percentage points of SvO2 with HbCO up to 20%; (4) a fibrotic sheath-induced error of less than 3 percentage points of SvO2 in the range of 50% to 80% SvO2 due to fibrotic sheath thicknesses up to 0.22 mm; (5) no significant error induced by velocity variations local to the sensor; (6) no significant error due to temperature in the range of 30 degrees to 42 degrees C; and (7) that the sensor could be as close as 0.3mm to the ventricular wall and still only produce an error of 5% SvO2.
Fingerprint Matching Using Minutia Polygons (2006)

Fingerprint distortion changes both the geometric position and orientation of minutiae, and leads to difficulties in establishing a match among multiple impressions acquired from the same finger In this paper, minutia polygons are used to match distorted fingerprints. A minutia polygon describes not only the minutia type and orientation but also the minutia shape. This allows the minutia polygon to be bigger than the conventional tolerance box without losing matching accuracy. In other words, a minutia polygon has a higher ability to tolerate distortion. Furthermore, the proposed matching method employs an improved distortion model using a multi-quadric basis function with parameters. Adjustable parameters make this model more suitable for fingerprint distortion. Experimental results show the proposed method is two times faster and more accurate (especially, on fingerprints with heavy distortion) than the method by A.M.Bazen and S.H.Gerez (2003)