gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of Benthophoenin, a New Free Radical Scavenger Produced by Streptomyces prunicolor (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of Benthophoenin, a New Free Radical Scavenger Produced by Streptomyces prunicolorKazuo Shin-ya, Yoichi Hayakawa, and Haruo SetoCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1993, 56, 8, 1255–1258Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50098a008https://doi.org/10.1021/np50098a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views193Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interleukin 2 induces a transient downregulation of protein phosphatase 1 and 2A activity in human T cells (1997)

Stimulation of human CD4+ T cell lines with interleukin 2 (IL-2) induces tyrosine, serine and threonine phosphorylation of a series of proteins involved in the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) signaling pathway. Here, we examined whether IL-2 induces changes in the activity of protein serine/threonine phosphatases in antigen specific, CD4+ human T cell lines. Using inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1, PP2A, and PP2B, we provide evidence, that IL-2 induces a downregulation of PP activity in the cytoplasmic/membrane fraction. Thus, IL-2R ligation for 30 min triggers a 16 percent decrease in total PP2A activity (p < 0.0005, n = 17) and a seven percent decrease in PP1 activity (p < 0.00005, n = 17). Cytokine-induced downregulation of PP2A activity reaches a maximum 60 min after IL-2R ligation, and returns to baseline levels within two hours. Downregulation of PPI activity reaches a maximum after 30 min and is largely reversed one hour after IL-2 stimulation. As determined from immunoblotting experiments using a specific anti-PP1 or anti-PP2A antibody, the amount of PPI and PP2A recovered from cytosolic/membrane fraction remains unchanged after IL-2 treatment suggesting that the drop in PP1/PP2A activity might be due to a regulatory change rather than to a change in the amount of PP1 and PP2A. In conclusion, we provide evidence, for the first time, that IL-2 induces a transient downregulation of PP2A activity in T cells. In addition, our findings indicate that cytoplasmic PP1 activity is transiently downregulated following IL-2R ligation in antigen-specific, human CD4+ T cells.
A Unified Framework for Multioriented Text Detection and Recognition (2014)

High level semantics embodied in scene texts are both rich and clear and thus can serve as important cues for a wide range of vision applications, for instance, image understanding, image indexing, video search, geolocation, and automatic navigation. In this paper, we present a unified framework for text detection and recognition in natural images. The contributions of this paper are threefold: 1) text detection and recognition are accomplished concurrently using exactly the same features and classification scheme; 2) in contrast to methods in the literature, which mainly focus on horizontal or near-horizontal texts, the proposed system is capable of localizing and reading texts of varying orientations; and 3) a new dictionary search method is proposed, to correct the recognition errors usually caused by confusions among similar yet different characters. As an additional contribution, a novel image database with texts of different scales, colors, fonts, and orientations in diverse real-world scenarios, is generated and released. Extensive experiments on standard benchmarks as well as the proposed database demonstrate that the proposed system achieves highly competitive performance, especially on multioriented texts.
A silicon die as a frequency source (2010)

A monolithic and unpackaged silicon die is presented as a frequency source suitable for quartz crystal resonator (XTAL) and oscillator (XO) replacement. The frequency source is referenced to a free-running, frequency-trimmed and temperature-compensated 3 GHz RF LC oscillator. A programmable divider array enables the device to provide frequencies ranging from 6 to 133 MHz. A post-processed Faraday shield contains fringing electromagnetic fields and enables the device to be delivered in unpackaged form such that it can be assembled into any package or via any assembly technique. The device dissipates approximately 2mA from a 1.8-3.3 V power supply and drifts no more than ±300ppm over all operating conditions including a panel of industry-standard reliability tests.
Yeast-to-Hyphal Transition Triggers Formin-dependent Golgi Localization to the Growing Tip in<i>Candida albicans</i> (2006)

Rapid and long-distance secretion of membrane components is critical for hyphal formation in filamentous fungi, but the mechanisms responsible for polarized trafficking are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that in Candida albicans, the majority of the Golgi complex is redistributed to the distal region during hyphal formation. Randomly distributed Golgi puncta in yeast cells cluster toward the growing tip during hyphal formation, remain associated with the distal portion of the filament during its extension, and are almost absent from the cell body. This restricted Golgi localization pattern is distinct from other organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole and mitochondria, which remain distributed throughout the cell body and hypha. Hyphal-induced positioning of the Golgi and the maintenance of its structural integrity requires actin cytoskeleton, but not microtubules. Absence of the formin Bni1 causes a hyphal-specific dispersal of the Golgi into a haze of finely dispersed vesicles with a sedimentation density no different from that of normal Golgi. These results demonstrate the existence of a hyphal-specific, Bni1-dependent cue for Golgi integrity and positioning at the distal portion of the hyphal tip, and suggest that filamentous fungi have evolved a novel strategy for polarized secretion, involving a redistribution of the Golgi to the growing tip.
A New High-Speed Camera System for Broadcast Use — The Action Analyzer (1990)

A new high-speed color video camera for broadcast use provides high-quality slow-motion images, which previously had to be taken by a film camera. The system is made possible by a new solid-state imaging device, which has 250,000 pixels and an electronic shutter. It can take 360 field pictures/sec. An 800-Mbyte solid-state storage permits the recording of real-time events for up to 12 sec in a loop, thus allowing an operator to replay at any speed immediately following recording by slow motion.
The effect of oral administration of morphine on the development of neural plate in Wistar rats (2004)

Morphine administration produces several behavioral abnormalities in children and also in offspring animals, which is referred to as the effects of the drug on the development of the central nervous system. In the present study, the effect of maternal morphine consumption on the development of neural plate was investigated in Wistar rats (200-250 g). For this purpose, female rats (n = 8) were treated with morphine (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/ml of water) for 21 days. Then, the animals crossed with male rats and did not receive morphine until the 9th day of pregnancy. Thereafter, the animals were anesthetized by diethyl ether and the embryos were taken out surgically. The embryos were fixed in formalin (10%) for a week, and then, cross sectional procedure was performed. The sections were stained with H & E. The results showed that morphine administration to pregnant rats causes a delay in neural plate development in their embryos. In addition, morphine at a dose of 0.01 mg/ml produced the maximum effect. It can be concluded that morphine consumption before pregnancy delays neural plate development in rat embryos, which may also be true for humans.
SARS-CoV-2 infects and induces cytotoxic effects in human cardiomyocytes (2020)

This study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 infects cardiomyocytes in vitro in an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2- and cathepsin-dependent manner. SARS-CoV-2 infection of cardiomyocytes is inhibited by the antiviral drug remdesivir.
Biological functions of <i>ent</i>‐ and <i>syn</i>‐copalyl diphosphate synthases in rice: key enzymes for the branch point of gibberellin and phytoalexin biosynthesis (2004)

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) produces ent-copalyl diphosphate (ent-CDP) and syn-CDP as precursors for several classes of phytoalexins and the phytohormones, gibberellins (GAs). It has recently been shown that a loss-of-function mutation of OsCPS1, a gene encoding a putative ent-CDP synthase, results in a severely GA-deficient dwarf phenotype in rice. To clarify the biological functions of the ent- and syn-CDP synthases involved in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins and/or GAs, we isolated two cDNAs, OsCyc1 and OsCyc2, encoding putative diterpene cyclases from ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated rice leaves (cv. Nipponbare). The production of phytoalexins in rice leaves is known to be highly induced by UV treatment. Using a bacterial expression system, we demonstrated that OsCyc1 encodes syn-CDP synthase and that OsCyc2 and OsCPS1 encode ent-CDP synthase. The level of expression of the OsCyc1 and OsCyc2 transcripts in rice leaves increased drastically in response to UV treatment, whereas expression of the OsCPS1 transcript was not induced by UV light. These results suggest that OsCyc1, OsCyc2 and OsCPS1 are responsible for the biosynthesis of momilactones A and B and oryzalexin S, oryzalexins A-F and phytocassanes A-E, and GAs, respectively. Our results strongly suggest the presence of two ent-CDP synthase isoforms in rice, one that participates in the biosynthesis of GAs and a second that is involved in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins.
Implementation of 2-D DCT based on FPGA (2010)

Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) plays an important role in the image and video compression, and it has been widely used in JPEG, MPEG, H.26x. DCT being implemented by hardware is crucial to improve the speed of image compression. This paper presents a method that 2-D DCT is implemented by FPGA, which is based on the algorithm of row-column decomposition, and the parallel structure is used to achieve high throughput. The design is achieved by top-down design methodology and described with Verilog HDL in RTL level. The hardware of 2-D DCT is implemented by the FPGA EP2C35F672C8 made by ALTERA. The experiment results show that the delay time is as low as 15 ns, and the clock frequency as high as 138.35 MHz, which can satisfy the requirements of the real-time video image compression.
Exploring Social Justice Advocacy in Dietetic Education: A Content Analysis (2018)

Accredited, English-speaking dietitian training programs in Canada appear to include little knowledge- or skill-based learning regarding social justice issues and advocacy. Supporting future dietitians to pursue leadership roles in redressing social injustices and socially just dietetic practice may require more explicit education and training about social justice issues and advocacy skills.
牛顿《原理》的社会经济根源（一） (2008)

在1931年于伦敦举行的第二届国际科学技术史代表大会上，苏联著名物理学家赫森（B．Hessen）提交了论文：《牛顿（原理）的社会经济根源》（《The social and economic roots of Newton’s‘Principia’》）。与那种认为牛顿力学仅仅是伽利略和第谷以来地面和天体力学研究成果之集大成或牛顿站在巨人肩膀上天才创造结果的流行观点迥然不同，赫森运用辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义进行研究的结果是：当时水陆交通、工业生产和军事活动等经济和社会需要对于牛顿力学的诞生起了相当关键的作用。作者对马克思主义哲学和牛顿力学的娴熟以及对牛顿力学社会经济根源的精湛、到位的分析，令人折服，在大会乃至整个西方科学界和思想界产生了热烈反响。许多一流学者如贝尔纳、普赖斯、李约瑟、图尔明等都一再表明这篇论文引起了他们的强烈共鸣。大致说来，这篇论文的历史贡献有二：一是开辟了科学外史研究的新纪元；二是在西方科学界和思想界提高了马克思主义哲学的威望。长期以来实证主义、马赫主义和逻辑实证主义在西方世界盛行，导致人们倾心科学知识的逻辑演进，而对科学知识与社会的关系则熟视无睹。赫森的论文使人们在科学知识逻辑演进之外，看到了牛顿力学与当时经济、社会之间深刻的内在联系，极大地开阔了人们的视野。这一方面充分显示了作为方法论武器的马克思主义哲学的巨大威力，同时，也使人们切实看到了把科学置于社会历史背景中进行考察即进行社会外史研究的巨大必要性与可能性。不久，受赫森的直接影响，默顿完成了《十七世纪英格兰的科学、技术与社会》，接着科学外史研究便逐步开展起来了。为此学界公认，赫森的论文不仅是一篇马克思主义科学社会学和科学史的经典文献，而且也是科学外�
First Spectroscopic Observation of Peroxocarbonate/ Peroxodicarbonate in Molten Carbonate (2004)

An active oxygen species in molten carbonate is the key to elucidate the complex mechanism of the cathode reaction in MCFC. However, under acidic condition of MCFC operation (PCO2 > 1.01 × 104 Pa), the exact chemical state of the active oxygen species remains unclear and is a subject of continuous debates. In this work, we present the first experimental observation of peroxocarbonate/peroxodicarbonate species in acidic molten carbonate by using in-situ Raman spectroscopic technique. The results indicate that the predominant oxygen species (O22-) in basic lithium-rich melts became unstable with the increase of acidity level in the melts and reacted with CO2 to produce peroxocarbonate or peroxodicarbonate anion. In combination with the result of theoretical calculation, it is deduced that the peroxodicarbonate mechanism is the dominant feature in the cathode reaction path in MCFC.
Hopkins equation in Hilbert space and its application in polarized illumination modeling (2005)

The ever-increasing demand for shrinkage of IC device dimensions has been pushing the development of new technologies in micro lithography. Polarized illumination source is one of the emerging techniques in lithography to increase wafer printability, especially for 65 nm features and below. In the mean time, most RET techniques, which are showing more and more importance in lithography, are based on a highly accurate optical lithography model and simulator. Consequently, simulation and modeling tools for optical lithography may have to include the effects of source polarization in thin film stacks. In this paper we discuss some theoretical aspects of vector modeling methods that are utilized for polarization modeling and show results from Synopsys’ simulation tool Progen.
Using names and topics for new event detection (2005)

New Event Detection (NED) involves monitoring chronologically-ordered news streams to automatically detect the stories that report on new events. We compare two stories by finding three cosine similarities based on names, topics and the full text. These additional comparisons suggest treating the NED problem as a binary classification problem with the comparison scores serving as features. The classifier models we learned show statistically significant improvement over the baseline vector space model system on all the collections we tested, including the latest TDT5 collection.The presence of automatic speech recognizer (ASR) output of broadcast news in news streams can reduce performance and render our named entity recognition based approaches ineffective. We provide a solution to this problem achieving statistically significant improvements.
Vascular Effects Following Homozygous Disruption of p47 <sup>phox</sup> (2000)

NADPH oxidase contributes to basal vascular superoxide production. However, the absence of a functional oxidase does not significantly affect the progression of atherosclerosis in the standard mouse apoE -/- model, nor does it significantly influence basal blood pressure.
Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis – A Model for AIDS? (1989)

After an introductory description of the subfamily lentivirinae and the relations between Maedi/Visna virus and caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) virus und HIV, the present knowledge on CAE, including the clinical picture, pathological lesions, global distribution and transmission studies, is outlined. Other interesting features are briefly presented together with an explanation of why CAE could be used as a simple, nonprimate model in HIV research, especially for the evaluation of the effect of treatment compounds developed, of the efficacy of vaccines and the study of the effect of immunostimulants.
Computing apparatus Patent (1970)

block d i a g r ~r n of the general invention.
The effector T helper cell triade. (2009)

T lymphocytes play crucial role in immune responses. Effector T helper (Th) cells derive from progenitor naïve CD4+ T cells, after maturational process induced by antigenic stimulation. Their commitment depends on complex interactions with antigen-presenting cells in a permissive milieu, including antigenic type and load, costimulatory molecules and cytokine signaling. Committed CD4+ T cells may differentiate into Th1, Th2, TH17 phenotypes (the effector Th cell triade), with distinct cytokine products and biological functions, or evolve into the inducible regulatory T (Treg) lineage, with immunomodulatory functions. Th1 subset, primarily addressed to face intracellular pathogens, produces interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3, interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-beta, peculiarly supporting cellular immunity. Th2 cells, essential in eliminating extracellular pathogens, including helminthes, express IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-25, supporting humoral immunity. Th17 subset, determinant in fighting Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and some protozoa, secretes IL-17, IL-21, and IL-22, with strong proinflammatory effects. Th responses are tightly controlled to avoid self antigen reactivity or excessive reactions to non-self antigens. In fact, dysregulated Th1 response drives cell-mediated autoimmune disorders, and enhanced Th2 activity is involved in atopy, whereas Th17 cells are probably responsible for chronic tissue inflammation. Skewing of response away from Treg cells may lead to the onset and/or progression of autoimmune diseases or acute transplant rejection in humans. A better understanding of Th triade functions, and a clearer definition of Th response regulatory mechanisms may provide novel therapeutic opportunities in treating immunopathologies.
Coordinated control of regenerative three-level neutral point clamped PWM voltage source inverters (2003)

This paper studies the coordinated control strategy between the source and load controllers for regenerative back-to-back three level neutral-point-clamped PWM voltage source inverters. The focus is on the coordinated dc link voltage control through a feed-forward power flow control and the coordinated dc link neutral point control. The paper also covers various neutral point control methods including a new linear control scheme. The simulation and experiment results show that, compared with independent source and load control approach, the coordinated approach can significantly improve system response, reduce component stress, and help eliminating nuisance trips.
Tentative chip decision-feedback equalizer for multicode wideband CDMA (2005)

We investigate a chip-level minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) decision-feedback equalizer (DFE) for the downlink receiver of multicode wideband code-division multiple-access systems over frequency-selective channels. First, the MMSE per symbol achievable by an optimal DFE is derived, assuming that all interchip interference (ICI) of the desired user can be eliminated. The MMSE of DFE is always less than or at most equal to that of linear equalizers (LE). When all the active codes belong to the desired user, the ideal DFE is able to eliminate multicode interference (MCI) and approach the performance of the single-code case at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) range. Second, we apply the hypothesis-feedback equalizer or tentative-chip (TC)-DFE in the multicode scenario. TC-DFE outperforms the chip-level LE, and the DFE that only feeds back the symbols already decided. The performance gain increases with SNR, but decreases with the number of active codes owned by the other users. When all the active codes are assigned to the desired user, TC-DFE asymptotically eliminates MCI and achieves single-user (or code) performance at high SNR, similarly, to the ideal DFE. The asymptotic performance of the DFE is confirmed through bit error rate simulation over various channels.
Improved Efficiency of Hybrid Organic Photovoltaics by Pulsed Laser Sintering of Silver Nanowire Network Transparent Electrode (2015)

In this Research Article, we demonstrate pulsed laser processing of a silver nanowire network transparent conductor on top of an otherwise complete solar cell. The macroscopic pulsed laser irradiation serves to sinter nanowire-nanowire junctions on the nanoscale, leading to a much more conductive electrode. We fabricate hybrid silicon/organic heterojunction photovoltaic devices, which have ITO-free, solution processed, and laser processed transparent electrodes. Furthermore, devices which have high resistive losses show up to a 35% increase in power conversion efficiency after laser processing. We perform this study over a range of laser fluences, and a range of nanowire area coverage to investigate the sintering mechanism of nanowires inside of a device stack. The increase in device performance is modeled using a simple photovoltaic diode approach and compares favorably to the experimental data.
Analysis of modulation spectra of stratified media (1973)

A general formulation is obtained which relates the relative change of reflectance observed in a normal-incidence modulated-reflectance experiment to the dielectric properties of the system for laminar configurations consisting of a substrate, ambient, and possible surface dielectric overlayers. The two general types of modulation interactions, perturbation-induced changes of the substrate dielectric function or of the thickness of one of the dielectric layers, are discussed as limiting cases. The modulated-substrate expressions are evaluated numerically for the case of optically thick Ni and Ni–Al203 films on a Ge substrate, typical examples of Schottky-barrier and MOS electroreflectance configurations. It is shown in the latter case that the intrinsic sensitivity obtainable with shot-noise-limited measurement systems is neither enhanced nor impaired for modulation measurements performed in the vicinity of the reflectance minima characteristic of these field-effect configurations, although operation near these minima should be avoided for other reasons. The line-shape evolution observed in reflectance measurements of the exciton polariton is shown to follow naturally from the interference effect of the small dielectric discontinuity within the sample. The approximate integral expression describing the effect of inhomogeneous perturbations is also related to the more-general laminar solution. It is shown that, for small modulations, the integral formulation is equivalent to treating the substrate as being uniform with respect to propagation, but producing a net reflected component of the field, obtained by summing the values at the surface of the reflected components generated at the small dielectric discontinuities between the hypothetical laminations in the limit that the lamination thickness approaches zero.
Fast response property of low-viscosity difluorooxymethylene-bridged liquid crystals (2012)

In this study, three kinds of low-viscosity difluorooxymethylene-bridged (CF2O) liquid crystals (LCs) were synthesised. These materials exhibit low melting point and low viscosity at room temperature. The viscosity of the final LC mixture significantly decreased when LC compounds were mixed with high-birefringence (Δn) isothiocyanato LCs. The tested curves with varied temperatures of LC mixtures showed that some CF2O LC compounds could enhance the response performance of high-Δn LCs in a specific temperature range. Therefore, LC compounds with low viscosity could become a component of LC mixtures with fast response performance.