gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Becoming measurement‐managed: (2001)

The leadership team of Monsanto’s Integrated Financial Services (IFS) unit realized in 1997 that it needed to make changes in order to manage effectively in a time of transition for its parent organization. Consequently, it set out to develop a clear vision and to support the vision with metrics. The unit’s story is a lesson in the development and business value of a Measurement‐Managed Organization TM (MMO). MMOs distinguish themselves by achieving sustained profitability and agility at lower levels of risk. The authors describe the process used by the Monsanto finance team and the importance of identifying key metrics early in the change initiative.
Determination of the Composition of Statistical Copolymers by Liquid Chromatography Under Limiting Conditions of Adsorption (2001)

Abstract Liquid chromatography under limiting conditions of adsorption (LC LCA) was applied to determine the composition of statistical poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate) (PS/ MMA) copolymer standards. Two series of copolymers were prepared and characterized. The first series varies with respect to the styrene/methyl methacrylate ratio in the copolymer, at a constant molar mass (220,000 ± 30,000 g/mol), while the second has molar masses from 20,000 to 250,000 g/mol at a molar styrene fraction of 0.5 ± 0.02. The copolymers were fractionated using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and LC LCA. In the case of LC LCA, two different ratios of THF to n-hexane were employed. Low and high LC LCA were differentiated according to the composition of the binary eluent, the lowest n-hexane content corresponding to low LC LCA. The influence of the molar mass on the peak distance, defined as the difference of retention volume between SEC and LC LCA, was negligible in the studied range compared to composition effect. A calibration curve was subsequently established and correlated the peak distance to the copolymer composition. The application range of the calibration curve was found to vary with the percentage of n-hexane contained in the eluent and corresponded to 0.1–0.4 and 0.2–0.6 molar fraction of styrene for low and high LC LCA, respectively. Using these calibration curves, the P(S/MMA) copolymer composition distribution calculation was estimated for one sample. Therefore, the limiting condition method can be coupled on-line or off-line with SEC to perform a simultaneous characterization of the compositions and molar mass distributions.
Printed wideband variable strip width loop antenna (2007)

A printed wide band loop antenna having variable strip width is presented. The antenna is fed by a 50 Omega balanced parallel strip transmission line. Based on the parametric study of the antenna, it is shown that the optimum performance of the antenna, in terms of impedance bandwidth for -10 dB input reflection coefficient | Sn|, is achieved only when the ratio of the inner diameter to outer diameter of the loop is nearly 0.6. Impedance bandwidth of the order of 50% makes it suitable applications like mobile communication, direction finding, wireless LAN, GPS- PCS, ISM bands etc. Measured and simulated results of a prototype antenna are compared.
Experimental study of the effect of bacillus megaterium bacteria on cement concrete (2021)

Abstract The presence of voids in cement concrete may lead to a reduction in its performance when exposed to high shrinkage and settlement. This study focused on utilization of bacteria for improving the performance by reducing the voids in the concrete. Bacillus family bacteria were found to be the great healers for the concrete. Bacillus megaterium bacteria of bacillus family with a concentration of 10 8 CFU have been utilized in the current study. A total of 48 specimens were cast and tested for their mechanical strength and water absorption after 7 and 28 days of curing. The test results indicate that the compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths increased to 12.91%, 10.28% and 9.02% respectively after 28 days of curing as compared to standard M30 grade concrete mix. The water absorption value of bacterial concrete was also found to be less as compared to the standard concrete mix. This is because of the filling of the cracks in concrete due to calcite precipitation produced by the Bacillus megaterium bacteria. Therefore, the Bacillus megaterium bacteria of bacillus family can be effectively utilized to improve the mechanical strength by reducing the voids.
The Transmembrane Domains of the Human Multidrug Resistance P-glycoprotein Are Sufficient to Mediate Drug Binding and Trafficking to the Cell Surface (1999)

The human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is organized in two tandem repeats with each repeat consisting of an N-terminal hydrophobic domain containing six potential transmembrane segments followed by a hydrophilic domain containing a nucleotide-binding fold. A series of deletion mutants together with an in vivo drug-binding assay were used to test whether the deletion mutants interacted with substrates or were transported to the cell surface. We found that a deletion mutant consisting of only the transmembrane domains (residues 1-379 plus 681-1025) retained the ability to interact with drug substrates. In the absence of drug substrates, the deletion mutant was sensitive to trypsin and endoglycosidase H. Expression in the presence of verapamil, vinblastine, capsaicin, or cyclosporin A, however, resulted in a mutant protein that was resistant to trypsin and endoglycosidase H. The mutant was then detected at the cell surface and was sensitive to digestion by endoglycosidase F. By contrast, the N-terminal transmembrane domain (residues 1-379) alone did not interact with drug substrates, since it was sensitive to only endoglycosidase H and was not detected at the cell surface. These results show that the nucleotide-binding domains are not required for interaction of P-gp with substrate or for trafficking of P-gp to the cell surface.
Spin coherence and dephasing in GaN (2001)

Time-resolved Faraday rotation is used to measure electron spin coherence in n-type GaN epilayers. Despite densities of charged threading dislocations of $\ensuremath{\sim}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{8}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}2},$ this coherence yields spin lifetimes of \ensuremath{\sim}20 ns at $T=5\mathrm{K},$ and persists to room temperature. Spin dephasing is investigated in the vicinity of the metal-insulator transition. The dependence on both magnetic field and temperature is found to be qualitatively similar to previous studies in n-type GaAs, suggesting a common origin for spin relaxation in these systems.
Dimensions of marital conflict and children's social problem-solving skills. (1999)

Marital conflict has been shown to be negatively associated with child functioning. This study examined the relationships of negative and positive aspects of marital conflict and frequency of conflict with children's social problem-solving skills, as measured by effectiveness of alternative solutions. Mothers, fathers, and children reported on marital conflict. Mothers' higher negative conflict characteristics, in the context of greater frequency of conflict, and less frequent positive conflict characteristics, in the context of lower frequency of conflict, were significantly associated with their children's less effective social problem-solving solutions. For fathers, none of the negative but one of the positive conflict characteristics was significantly associated with their children's more effective social problem-solving solutions, regardless of the frequency of marital conflict. Children's perceptions of their parents' conflict were not significant predictors of their social problem-solving skills. Findings are interpreted in the framework of children's modeling aggressive conflict.
Oligomerization of 2-Methyl-2-butene in Sulfuric and Sulfuric-Phosphoric Acid Mixtures (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOligomerization of 2-Methyl-2-butene in Sulfuric and Sulfuric-Phosphoric Acid MixturesDonald E. Murphy and Parley C. Lane Jr.Cite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1975, 14, 3, 167–171Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360055a008https://doi.org/10.1021/i360055a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Feature space generalized variable parameter HMMs for noise robust recognition (2013)

Handling variable ambient noise is a challenging task for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. To address this issue, multi-style training using speech data collected in diverse noise environments, noise adaptive training or uncertainty decoding techniques can be used. An alternative approach is to explicitly approximate the continuous trajectory of Gaussian component or model space linear transform parameters against the varying noise, for example, using generalized variable parameter HMMs (GVP-HMM). In order to reduce the computational cost of conventional GVP-HMMs when model parameter update against the varying noise condition is required, this paper investigates a novel and more efficient extension of GVPHMMs that can also model the trajectories of feature space linear transforms. Significant error rate reductions of 9.3% and 18.5% relative were obtained over the multi-style training baseline system on Aurora 2 and a medium vocabulary Mandarin Chinese speech recognition task respectively.
An Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Verbal Auditory Screening for Children (VASC) (1972)

The efficiency of the Verbal Auditory Screening for Children (VASC) compared to a pure-tone threshold test as a technique to identify hearing impairment among preschool children was investigated with 162 subjects. The VASC-1 test correctly identified 84.6% of the total subjects. Of the 41 subjects failed by the pure-tone threshold test, 48.8% were missed by the VASC-1. An analysis of the average hearing threshold loss for 500–2000 Hz or the ears misclassified by the VASC-1 revealed 83.3% ranged from 0 to 13 dB. The VASC-1 and the verbal portion of the VASC-2 appear to be fairly equivalent forms.
Improved Sensitivity and Noise in Magneto-Electric Magnetic Field Sensors by Use of Modulated AC Magnetostriction (2011)

A magnetic field sensor based on the nonlinear nature of the magnetostrictive response of a magneto-electric (ME) heterostructure has two orders of magnitude improvement in sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio compared with a conventional dc-biased configuration. The sensor consists of a longitudinally magnetized and transversely poled lamination of iron-cobalt-boron (Metglas) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT). The ac-modulated sensor has enhanced environmental noise immunity and does not require a dc magnetic bias field. Combined, these advantages hold promise for the development of miniature ME sensor elements for applications with size and weight limitations.
Regulators of Neurite Outgrowth: Role of Cell Adhesion Molecules (2004)

Neuronal differentiation is a fundamental event in the development of the nervous system as well as in the regeneration of damaged nervous tissue. The initiation and guidance of a neurite are accomplished by positive (permissive or attractive), negative (inhibitory or repulsive), or guiding (affecting the advance of the growth cone) signals from the extracellular space. The signals may arise from either the extracellular matrix (ECM) or the surface of other cells, or be diffusible secreted factors. Based on this classification, we briefly describe selected positive, negative, and guiding signaling cues focusing on the role of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). CAMs not only regulate cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion "mechanically," they also trigger intracellular signaling cascades launching neurite outgrowth. Here, we describe the structure, function, and signaling of three key CAMs found in the nervous system: N-cadherin and two Ig-CAMs, L1 and the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM.
Microneedle/nanoencapsulation-mediated transdermal delivery: Mechanistic insights (2013)

A systematic study was undertaken to gain more insight into the mechanism of transdermal delivery of nanoencapsulated model dyes across microneedle (MN)-treated skin, a complex process not yet explored. Rhodamine B (Rh B) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as model hydrophilic and hydrophobic small/medium-size molecules, respectively, were encapsulated in poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and delivered through full thickness porcine skin pretreated with MN array. Permeation through MN-treated skin was affected by physicochemical characteristics of NPs and the encapsulated dyes. Dye flux was enhanced by smaller particle size, hydrophilicity, and negative zeta potential of NPs. Regarding encapsulated dyes, solubility at physiological pH and potential interaction with skin proteins proved to outweigh molecular weight as determinants of skin permeation. Data were verified using confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging. Findings coupled with the literature data are supportive of a mechanism involving influx of NPs, particularly of smaller size, deep into MN-created channels, generating depot dye-rich reservoirs. Molecular diffusion of the released dye across viable skin layers proceeds at a rate determined by its molecular characteristics. Data obtained provide mechanistic information of importance to the development of formulation strategies for more effective intradermal and transdermal MN-mediated delivery of nanoencapsulated therapeutic agents.
Regulatory T Cells Suppress In Vitro Proliferation of Virus-Specific CD8 <sup>+</sup> T Cells during Persistent Hepatitis C Virus Infection (2005)

The basis of chronic infection following exposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is unexplained. One factor may be the low frequency and immature phenotype of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells. The role of CD4(+)CD25(+) T regulatory (T(reg)) cells in priming and expanding virus-specific CD8(+) T cells was investigated. Twenty HLA-A2-positive patients with persistent HCV infection and 46 healthy controls were studied. Virus-specific CD8(+) T-cell proliferation and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) frequency were analyzed with/without depletion of T(reg) cells, using peptides derived from HCV, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV). CD4(+)CD25(+) T(reg) cells inhibited anti-CD3/CD28 CD8(+) T-cell proliferation and perforin expression. Depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) T(reg) cells from chronic HCV patients in vitro increased HCV and EBV peptide-driven expansion (P = 0.0005 and P = 0.002, respectively) and also the number of HCV- and EBV-specific IFN-gamma-expressing CD8(+) T cells. Although stimulated CD8(+) T cells expressed receptors for transforming growth factor beta and interleukin-10, the presence of antibody to transforming growth factor beta and interleukin-10 had no effect on the suppressive effect of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells on CD8(+) T-cell proliferation. In conclusion, marked CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T-cell activity is present in patients with chronic HCV infection, which may contribute to weak HCV-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses and viral persistence.
Digital enhancement of haematoxylin‐ and eosin‐stained histological images for red–green colour‐blind observers (2009)

Individuals with red-green colour-blindness (CB) commonly experience great difficulty differentiating between certain histological stain pairs, notably haematoxylin-eosin (H&E). The prevalence of red-green CB is high (6-10% of males), including among medical and laboratory personnel, and raises two major concerns: first, accessibility and equity issues during the education and training of individuals with this disability, and second, the likelihood of errors in critical tasks such as interpreting histological images. Here we show two methods to enhance images of H&E-stained samples so the differently stained tissues can be well discriminated by red-green CBs while remaining usable by people with normal vision. Method 1 involves rotating and stretching the range of H&E hues in the image to span the perceptual range of the CB observers. Method 2 digitally unmixes the original dyes using colour deconvolution into two separate images and repositions the information into hues that are more distinctly perceived. The benefits of these methods were tested in 36 volunteers with normal vision and 11 with red-green CB using a variety of H&E stained tissue sections paired with their enhanced versions. CB subjects reported they could better perceive the different stains using the enhanced images for 85% of preparations (method 1: 90%, method 2: 73%), compared to the H&E-stained original images. Many subjects with normal vision also preferred the enhanced images to the original H&E. The results suggest that these colour manipulations confer considerable advantage for those with red-green colour vision deficiency while not disadvantaging people with normal colour vision.
Effects of field bean (<i>Vicia faba</i> L. var. <i>minor</i>) dietary supplementation on plasma thyroid hormones, insulin, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 concentrations and mohair characteristics in growing Angora goat kids (2008)

Twenty-two Angora kids were used to study the effect of a dietary supplementation with field bean (Vicia faba L. var. minor) on hair follicle activity, mohair characteristics and plasma total thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations. At birth, their mothers were divided in two groups (S: supplemented, C: control), the S group being supplemented with 300 g/head/day of whole field bean. At weaning, diet of kids from S group was supplemented with 80 g/head/day of whole field bean. At weaning, secondary hair follicle activity (S: 0.91 ± 0.01, C: 0.84 ± 0.02, p < 0.01) and staple length (S: 5.82 ± 0.13 cm, C: 5.16 ± 0.14 cm, p < 0.001) were greater in the S group. At 155 days of age, secondary fibre diameter (S: 16.54 ± 0.35 μm, C: 18.09 ± 0.31 μm, p < 0.01) was higher in the C kids. Concentrations of total plasma T4 and T3 were higher (p < 0.001) in S (120 ± 12 and 4.87 ± 0.92 ng/ml respectively) than in C kids (92 ± 8 and 2.97 ± 0.77 ng/ml respectively). At weaning, T4 values were negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with the secondary fibre diameter and the T3/T4 ratio was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with the secondary to primary hair follicle ratio. At 155 days of age, both T3 and T3/T4 values were positively correlated (p < 0.01) with staple length. Plasma INS (0.11 ± 0.03 ng/ml) and total IGF-1 concentrations (232 ± 13 ng/ml) were not affected by diet. Improvements of diet quality in kids positively affected fibre diameter and length and follicle activity rate. We suggest that increased circulating thyroid hormones concentrations, but not those of INS and IGF-1, may contribute to the beneficial actions of nutritional supplementation on anatomical growth and mohair production of kids.
Using Advertising Alliances for New Product Introduction: Interactions between Product Complementarity and Promotional Strategies (1999)

In this article, the authors investigate the effectiveness of advertising alliances (in which two brands from different product categories are featured together in an advertisement) for introducing new brands. The authors identify degree of complementarity between the featured products, type of differentiation strategy (common versus unique advertised attributes), and type of ad processing strategy (top-down or bottom-up) as important factors in determining ad effectiveness. The conceptualization captures the effects of these factors on brand awareness, brand accessibility, brand beliefs, belief accessibility, and brand attitudes. The theory was tested in an experiment using print advertisements to manipulate the three factors in conditions of high consumer involvement. The results show an interesting pattern of interactions among the factors, which has important implications for managers of new and established brands.
Genesis of the Barium Titanate Butterfly Twin (1962)

It has been discovered that the formation of the butterfly twin in barium titanate depends on both the average particle size and the particle‐size distribution of the starting material. Maximum twin yields occur when the particles have an average size near 1μ with a rather sharp cutoff in the distribution in the large‐particle region. All impurities act to decrease twin yield, principally because they interfere with stacking‐fault formation which also is necessary for twinning to occur.
Glomerular Filtration Rate and Albuminuria for Detection and Staging of Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults (2015)

Detection and staging of acute and chronic kidney diseases can be relatively simple. Because of the morbidity and mortality associated with kidney disease, early diagnosis is important and should be pursued in at-risk populations.
Voll implantierbares Distraktionsgerät für die operative Oberschenkelverlängerung. Teil II: Erste klinische Erfahrungen (1978)

Article Voll implantierbares Distraktionsgerät für die operative Oberschenkelverlängerung. Teil II: Erste klinische Erfahrungen was published on January 1, 1978 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 23, issue s1).
The Drosophila Fork Head Factor Directly Controls Larval Salivary Gland-Specific Expression of the Glue Protein Gene Sgs3 (1996)

The Drosophila Fork head protein participates in salivary gland formation, since salivary glands are missing in fork head embryos. Here we show that the fork head encoded protein binds to an upstream regulatory region of the larval salivary gland glue protein gene Sgs3. Mobility shift assay in the presence of an anti-Fork head antibody demonstrated that the Fork head factor interacts with the TGTTTGC box shown to be involved in tissue-specific Sgs3 expression. Experiments employing a set of oligonucleotide competitors revealed that Fork head binding was prevented by the same single base substitutions that were previously shown to interfere with the TGTTTGC element function in vivo. Furthermore, the anti-Fork head antibody bound to >60 sites of polytene chromosomes, including the puffs of all Sgs genes and Fork head protein was detected in the nuclei of salivary glands of larvae of all examined stages. These data provide experimental evidence for the hypothesis that the protein encoded by the fork head gene is required initially for salivary gland formation and is utilized subsequently in the control of larval genes specifically expressed in this organ.