gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potential virulence factors of Proteus bacilli (1997)

The object of this review is the genus Proteus, which contains bacteria considered now to belong to the opportunistic pathogens. Widely distributed in nature (in soil, water, and sewage), Proteus species play a significant ecological role. When present in the niches of higher macroorganisms, these species are able to evoke pathological events in different regions of the human body. The invaders (Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, and P. penneri) have numerous factors including fimbriae, flagella, outer membrane proteins, lipopolysaccharide, capsule antigen, urease, immunoglobulin A proteases, hemolysins, amino acid deaminases, and, finally, the most characteristic attribute of Proteus, swarming growth, enabling them to colonize and survive in higher organisms. All these features and factors are described and commented on in detail. The questions important for future investigation of these facultatively pathogenic microorganisms are also discussed.
Estimation of thrust in the construction of small-diameter tunnels using pipe-jacking (2026)

The major purpose of this study is to find a way to predict the thrusts in using pipe-jacking. In pipe-jacking, the performance of the mud slurry plays important roles in the pushing process. The thrusts in pipe-jacking can be predicted accurately by using the initial thrusts and the resistance between the mud slurry and the concrete pipes.
BCH-2763, a Novel Potent Parenteral Thrombin Inhibitor, Is an Effective Antithrombotic Agent in Rodent Models of Arterial and Venous Thrombosis – Comparisons with Heparin, r-Hirudin, Hirulog, Inogatran and Argatroban (1998)

Current clinical use of heparin as an antithrombotic agent is limited by suboptimal efficacy and safety considerations. Thrombin's central role in thrombosis makes it an attractive target to develop more effective and safer antithrombotic agents. BCH-2763 is a novel, potent (Ki: 0.11 nM), low molecular weight (1.51 kDa), bivalent direct thrombin inhibitor. The antithrombotic efficacy of BCH-2763 in vivo following i.v. bolus plus infusion in rats was compared in arterial and venous thrombosis models with two other bivalent direct thrombin inhibitors, r-hirudin and hirulog, with two catalytic site-directed thrombin inhibitors, inogatran and argatroban, and with heparin. In vivo efficacy was related to inhibition in vitro of fibrin clot formation, thrombin-induced aggregation of rat or human washed platelets and activity of free and plasma clot-bound thrombin. All the direct thrombin inhibitors were effective on both arterial and venous thrombosis at markedly lower fold aPTT increases than heparin. The antithrombotic doses of all inhibitors against venous thrombosis were less than against arterial thrombosis. The rank order of potency based on doses (mg/kg/h) required for full efficacy against arterial thrombosis was BCH-2763 (1.2) > inogatran (1.5) > r-hirudin (1.8) > hirulog (3.3) > argatroban (> 3.0); heparin required a markedly higher dose (5.7). In venous thrombosis the doses required for full efficacy were substantially lower for the bivalent (BCH-2763: 0.12; r-hirudin: 0.12; hirulog: 0.18) than for the catalytic site-directed (inogatran: 0.48; argatroban: 0.90) thrombin inhibitors; the dose required for heparin was 0.19. All the direct thrombin inhibitors caused similar shifts in aPTT at doses required to inhibit arterial thrombosis, but BCH-2763 inhibited venous thrombosis at lower aPTT fold increases. In vivo antithrombotic efficacy of direct thrombin inhibitors correlated with their inhibitory activity in vitro against fibrin clot formation and platelet aggregation. In contrast to heparin, all the direct thrombin inhibitors inhibited plasma clot-bound thrombin, but the relative IC50s did not correlate with their antithrombotic efficacy. In summary, direct thrombin inhibitors are more effective than heparin in inhibiting arterial and venous thrombosis in rats with less aPTT increases. BCH-2763 is effective at lower doses than the other direct thrombin inhibitors and for venous thrombosis at a smaller aPTT increase. BCH-2763 may offer an improved therapeutic index in the treatment of thromboembolic complications over heparin and other direct thrombin inhibitors.
Gene Expression in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> : Evidence of Iron Override Effects on Quorum Sensing and Biofilm-Specific Gene Regulation (2001)

ABSTRACT Prior studies established that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa oxidative stress response is influenced by iron availability, whereas more recent evidence demonstrated that it was also controlled by quorum sensing (QS) regulatory circuitry. In the present study, sodA (encoding manganese-cofactored superoxide dismutase [Mn-SOD]) and Mn-SOD were used as a reporter gene and endogenous reporter enzyme, respectively, to reexamine control mechanisms that govern the oxidative stress response and to better understand how QS and a nutrient stress response interact or overlap in this bacterium. In cells grown in Trypticase soy broth (TSB), Mn-SOD was found in wild-type stationary-phase planktonic cells but not in a lasI or lasR mutant. However, Mn-SOD activity was completely suppressed in the wild-type strain when TSB was supplemented with iron. Reporter gene studies indicated that sodA transcription could be variably induced in iron-starved cells of all three strains, depending on growth stage. Iron starvation induction of sodA was greatest in the wild-type strain and least in the lasR mutant and was maximal in stationary-phase cells. Reporter experiments in the wild-type strain showed increased lasI :: lacZ transcription in response to iron limitation, whereas the expression level in the las mutants was minimal and iron starvation induction of lasI :: lacZ did not occur. Studies comparing Mn-SOD activity in P. aeruginosa biofilms and planktonic cultures were also initiated. In wild-type biofilms, Mn-SOD was not detected until after 6 days, although in iron-limited wild-type biofilms Mn-SOD was detected within the initial 24 h of biofilm establishment and formation. Unlike planktonic bacteria, Mn-SOD was constitutive in the lasI and lasR mutant biofilms but could be suppressed if the growth medium was amended with 25 μM ferric chloride. This study demonstrated that (i) the nutritional status of the cell must be taken into account when one is evaluating QS-based gene expression; (ii) in the biofilm mode of growth, QS may also have negative regulatory functions; (iii) QS-based gene regulation models based on studies with planktonic cells must be modified in order to explain biofilm gene expression behavior; and (iv) gene expression in biofilms is dynamic.
Manipulating JNK Signaling with (−)-Zuonin A (2012)

Recently, in a virtual screening strategy to identify new compounds targeting the D-recruitment site (DRS) of the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), we identified the natural product (-)-zuonin A. Here we report the asymmetric synthesis of (-)-zuonin A and its enantiomer (+)-zuonin A. A kinetic analysis for the inhibition of c-Jun phosphorylation by (-)-zuonin A revealed a mechanism of partial competitive inhibition. Its binding is proposed to weaken the interaction of c-Jun to JNK by approximately 5-fold, without affecting the efficiency of phosphorylation within the complex. (-)-Zuonin A inhibits the ability of both MKK4 and MKK7 to phosphorylate and activate JNK. The binding site of (-)-zuonin A is predicted by docking and molecular dynamics simulation to be located in the DRS of JNK. (+)-Zuonin A also binds JNK but barely impedes the binding of c-Jun. (-)-Zuonin A inhibits the activation of JNK, as well as the phosphorylation of c-Jun in anisomycin-treated HEK293 cells, with the inhibition of JNK activation being more pronounced. (-)-Zuonin A also inhibits events associated with constitutive JNK2 activity, including c-Jun phosphorylation, basal Akt activation, and MDA-MB-231 cell migration. Mutations in the predicted binding site for (-)-zuonin A can render it significantly more or less sensitive to inhibition than wild type JNK2, allowing for the design of potential chemical genetic experiments. These studies suggest that the biological activity reported for other lignans, such as saucerneol F and zuonin B, may be the result of their ability to impede protein-protein interactions within MAPK cascades.
Preferential solvent interactions between proteins and polyethylene glycols. (1981)

Preferential solvent interactions between polyethylene glycols and five proteins were investigated by density measurements and analyzed by the multicomponent theory. These measurements were conducted as a function of concentration and molecular size of the synthetic polymer at different pH values. The results showed that proteins are preferentially hydrated under the experimental conditions employed, i.e. polyethylene glycol is excluded from the protein domain. The introduction of protein thermodynamically destabilizes the solvent system. The magnitude of instability increases with increasing concentration of the polymer. Furthermore, systems of polyethylene glycols of higher molecular weight are more destabilized. A linear relationship was observed between the magnitude of destabilization and average hydrophobicity of the proteins employed with the exception of tubulin. The system is more destabilized in the presence of proteins with higher content of hydrophilic residues indicating that the interaction between polyethylene glycol and ionized residues is thermodynamically unfavorable with a negative ion being more so than a positive one. After correcting for the contribution of ionic effect on the instability of the system it was found that at least for a protein of average hydrophobicity of 1000 cal/residue the mass of the protein contributes to the instability also. It may, therefore, be concluded that in a polyethylene glycol system the presence of protein leads to unfavorable thermodynamic interaction which in turn leads to phase separation. The causes of such unfavorable interaction include the charges residing on the protein.
Combined decoding and channel estimation of OFDM systems in mobile radio networks (2002)

An improved method to estimate the channel transfer function of a multi-carrier system (OFDM) is presented. The basic idea is to utilize the (soft) results of a decoding process to estimate and predict the channel coefficients of a frequency selective fading channel. The symbolwise soft-output of the decoder is treated as a reliability of the decoder decision. Using this reliability as a measure it is possible to update the channel estimation by the most reliable decoder decisions.
Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on the Proliferation and Osteogenic and Neural Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (2013)

Stem cells used for clinical tissue regeneration therapy should have the capacity of self-renewal, high proliferation, and differentiation and be able to be transplanted in large numbers. Although high concentrations of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) may induce the differentiation of stem cells, these factors have been widely used to enhance the propagation of stem cells, including adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). However, the effects of low concentrations of EGF and bFGF on stem cells need to be evaluated carefully. This study illustrates that low concentrations of EGF (5 ng/mL) and bFGF (10 ng/mL) increase the proliferative ability of ASCs and induce the typical spindle-shaped cell morphology. EGF and bFGF added to medium promoted neural lineage differentiation and impaired the mesodermal differentiation ability of ASCs. This study demonstrates that even low concentrations of EGF and bFGF may limit the differentiation ability of stem cells during stem cell expansion in vitro. EGF and bFGF supplementation should be carefully considered in stem cells for clinical applications.
Secretary's Biennial Report for 1926–1927 (1928)

In assembling the material for a report upon the work of my d.ual office for the past biennium, one fact which became increasingly evident was that our Society has, in the last few years, made a third start in active and effective .historical service., , First organized in December, 1859, the Society was forced to suspend operations in 1863, during the Civil War period.Reorganized and incorporated in 1880-81, the Society had, at tim~s, a somewhat precarious existence, but, owing chiefly to the unflagging devotion of the late L. Bradford Prince, mitil his death in December, 1922, the Society during this period built up a very valuable and important museum and library and published occasionally through the years a series of twenty-three papers.The third stage in the life and work of our Society may be said to have started with the active participation of the late Ralph E. Twitchell.Our list of papers published from 1881 to 1927 shows that, of the eleven titles published since 1917 (nos.20-30), eight were from his pen.The revision of our constitution was effected after his death but was mainly along the lines proposed by him, providing among other things for a body of .Fellows and for greater activity in research and publication.
Psychophysical testing of garment size variation using three-dimensional virtual try-on technology (2015)

This study investigated the level of garment size variation that viewers could perceive with three-dimensional (3D) virtual try-on technology and examined how accurately the technology allowed viewers to perceive the size variations. The viewers’ perceptions were measured by two psychophysical experiments, rating tests and ranking tests. The stimulus was a set of 3D virtual pants in 11 different sizes, simulated on a virtual model of the same size. Participants evaluated the size differences of the test pants compared to the control pants on a rating scale. They also ranked the six pants, in random order, from the smallest to the largest size. The results showed that the viewers could rate larger sizes as larger and smaller sizes as smaller, proportionally. In addition, the technology allowed the viewers to rank different sizes of virtual pants in the correct order. Overall, the virtual try-on technology had the capacity of showing size variations clearly enough for viewers to perceive and discriminate the size differences.
Expression, stability and performance of the three‐component alkane mono‐oxygenase of <i>Pseudomonas oleovorans</i> in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2000)

We tested the synthesis and in vivo function of the inducible alkane hydroxylase of Pseudomonas oleovorans GPo1 in several Escherichia coli recombinants. The enzyme components (AlkB, AlkG and AlkT) were synthesized at various rates in different E. coli hosts, which after induction produced between twofold and tenfold more of the Alk components than did P. oleovorans. The enzyme components were less stable in recombinant E. coli hosts than in P. oleovorans. In addition, the specific activity of the alkane mono-oxygenase component AlkB was five or six times lower in E. coli than in P. oleovorans. Evidently, optimal functioning of the hydroxylase system requires factors or a molecular environment that are available in Pseudomonas but not in E. coli. These factors are likely to include correct interactions of AlkB with the membrane and incorporation of iron into the AlkG and AlkB apoproteins.
The strategy-focused organization (2001)

In 1996, Robert Kaplan and David Norton introduced the Balanced Scorecard performance measurement method, which included not only traditional financial measures but also such qualitative measures as employee satisfaction, corporate mission and customer loyalty. In The Strategy-Focused Organization, they show how the following five principles transform the Balanced Scorecard from a tool for performance measurement to a tool for creating a strategy-driven performance management company: 1. Translate the strategy into operational terms. Use the Balanced Scorecard to describe and communicate strategy in consistent, insightful, operational terms. 2. Align the organization to the strategy. For organizational strategies to work, they must be linked and integrated across many functions — finance, manufacturing, sales, marketing and so forth. The Balanced Scorecard can link these disparate and dispersed functions. 3. Make strategy everyone’s everyday job. Use the Balanced Scorecard to educate the organization about strategy, help employees develop personal objectives, then compensate them based on their adherence to and implementation of the business’ strategies. 4. Make strategy a continual process. Use the Balanced Scorecard to link strategy to the budget process; review strategy regularly in management meetings; and develop a process for learning and adapting strategy. 5. Mobilize change through executive leadership. Through a method of mobilization, governance and strategic management, executives can embed new strategy and new culture into their management systems, creating a continual process to meet the strategic needs of today and tomorrow. Formulating strategy is one endeavor. In this summary, you will learn how to make strategy work. Concentrated KnowledgeTM for the Busy Executive • www.summary.com Vol. 23, No. 1 (3 parts) Part 1, January 2001 • Order # 23-01
Silica Nanosprings Coated with Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Highly Active SERS Substrates (2010)

Silica nanosprings with large surface-to-volume ratios were coated with noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) using chemical vapor deposition or chemisorption of presynthesized or in situ synthesized nanoparticles. Chemisorption of presynthesized silver NPs onto amine-functionalized silica NS results in particularly interesting materials with small interparticle spacings and high surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity. SERS enhancement factors approaching ∼1010 were observed with thiophenol. In an alternative approach, silica NS coated with core−shell nanostructures, formed by deposition of catalytically reduced silver on AuNP-coated NS, exhibit a highly uniform SERS response with enhancement factors of ∼108. The advantages of these materials include (i) commercial availability of silica nanosprings, AuNPs/AgNPs, and silver enhancer solutions, (ii) simplicity and reproducibility of functionalization and deposition steps, and (iii) high SERS activity of these substrates rendering them of considerable interest for a variety of sensor applications.
The impact of 3-dimensional integration on the design of arithmetic units (2006)

3-dimensional integration technology stacks multiple die on top of each other with a dense die-to-die interface. This enables a circuit designer to replace long wires with short vertical interconnects, thus reducing wire-related delay and power consumption. In this research, we evaluate the impact of a 3D fabrication technology on the latency and power of arithmetic functional units. Specifically, we study integer adders and shifters as they have very different delay characteristics. An adder's critical path latency is dominated by logic/gate delays, while a shifter's latency is more greatly affected by wire delay. We demonstrate that the potential benefits of a 3D technology are the greatest when applied to wire-bound circuits. In particular, a barrel shifter implemented in 3D exhibits a 9% reduction in latency with a simultaneous 8% reduction in energy
Evolution of open access publishing in Chinese scientific journals (2008)

ABSTRACT Based on the 1,608 journals covered by the Chinese Science & Technology Journal Citation Reports (2005 edition), we analyzed the open access (OA) publishing situation of Chinese scientific journals. From this database we identified 91 journals offering full OA; a further 139 journals offered delayed OA. Data collected at three different time points (January 2006, July 2006, and January 2007) showed that the OA status of these journals is not stable; some OA journals subsequently became non‐OA. Most of the Chinese OA journals are not part of a larger aggregation, but are published independently. Relatively more OA journals are published in the fields of medicine and biology. Citation indicators of OA journals were found to be higher than those of non‐OA journals.
Mixed-signal ASIC simulation via an analog modeling package (2002)

Problems in designing mixed-signal ASICs come from different simulation accuracy requirements and, as a result, different modeling approaches for analog and digital circuits. The conventional design styles for mixed-signal ASICs use two separate simulators, such as a SPICE-like simulator for analog circuits and a logic simulation for digital circuits. This approach is engineering-intensive, time-consuming, and error-prone. To solve these problems, the analog modeling package (AMP) has been developed. The authors describe how the AMP presents a systematic solution to mixed-signal simulation on a pure digital-logic simulator. In the AMP, analog behavioral models are created by connecting parameterized building blocks in a schematic capture tool with SPICE-characterized data. Then a chip-level mixed-signal design verification is implemented on one simulator to eliminate errors. An analog-signal trace file is also created for automatic test program generation. This solution significantly enhances the competitiveness of mixed-signal design and development in cost, cycle-time, and first-pass success. >
Ca2+ regulation of the thin filaments: biochemical mechanism and physiological role (1988)

Conference Article| August 01 1988 Ca2+ regulation of the thin filaments: biochemical mechanism and physiological role STEVEN MARSTON; STEVEN MARSTON 1Cardiothoracic Institute, 2 Beaumont Street, London W1N 2DX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar KEVIN PRITCHARD; KEVIN PRITCHARD 1Cardiothoracic Institute, 2 Beaumont Street, London W1N 2DX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CHARLES REDWOOD; CHARLES REDWOOD 1Cardiothoracic Institute, 2 Beaumont Street, London W1N 2DX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MICHAEL TAGGART MICHAEL TAGGART 1Cardiothoracic Institute, 2 Beaumont Street, London W1N 2DX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1988) 16 (4): 494–497. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160494 Article history Received: January 27 1988 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation STEVEN MARSTON, KEVIN PRITCHARD, CHARLES REDWOOD, MICHAEL TAGGART; Ca2+ regulation of the thin filaments: biochemical mechanism and physiological role. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1988; 16 (4): 494–497. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160494 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: HMM [SP], thiophorylated heavy meromyosin, AM, actomyosin; CBP, Ca2+-binding protein © 1988 Biochemical Society1988 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.