gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Coding of reflectance spectra using cross-illumination color prediction</title> (1997)

The color appearance of an object depends on its reflectance spectrum and on the spectral characteristic of the illumination. In order to offer correct color under different illuminations at the reproduction stage it is necessary to transmit information about the whole reflectance spectrum. Knowing the tristimulus color values for a set of illuminations it is possible to calculate a reflectance spectrum that leads to the desired colors for these illuminations and linear combinations of them. The relatively small changes in color with changing illumination allow the use of a DPCM coding scheme. The performance is improved by predicting the color appearance of the object from one illumination to another. To achieve this we employ the white adaptation mechanism of the human eye and extend this by statistical modeling of the underlying reflectance spectra. We evaluate our approach using a set of reflectance spectra as well as a multispectral image.
A compact nX DC-DC converter for photovoltaic power systems (2013)

A compact nX dc-dc converter-based PV power system is proposed to perform the power electronic interface with small size, light weight, low cost, high efficiency, and suitable for high temperature of solar power. The 1-kW 8X dc-dc converter prototype is built to investigate its performances, including size, weight, voltage gain, and efficiency. The results verify the 8X dc-dc converter best suitable for PV power system, due to its small size (7 inches length by 3 inches width), light weight, and high efficiency (no need for special heat sink) larger than 98%, and the magnetic-less design provides an excellent candidate in application to high temperature of solar power.
RPE-Normalized RNFL Attenuation Coefficient Maps Derived from Volumetric OCT Imaging for Glaucoma Assessment (2012)

Maps of RNFL attenuation coefficients provide a novel way of assessing the health of the RNFL and are relatively insensitive to imaging artifacts affecting signal intensity. The highly significant difference between normal and glaucomatous eyes suggests using RNFL attenuation coefficient maps as a new clinical tool for diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma.
A risk-stratification model of non-small cell lung cancers using cyclin E, Ki-67, and ras p21: different roles of G1 cyclins in cell proliferation and prognosis. (2001)

A large number of biological factors that seem to have important prognostic significance have been identified in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). In the present study, we have characterized expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E in a cohort of 217 resected NSCLCs from a single institution by immunohistochemistry to analyze their expression in relation to the growth fraction determined by Ki-67 and to prognosis, and then we have constructed a risk-stratification model of cancer death by multiple biological factors in p-stage I NSCLCs. The cyclin E labeling index (LI) was significantly associated with the Ki-67 LI (r = 0.45; P < 0.001). Tumors having high-level cyclin E expression (cyclin E LI > or =30%) showed a significantly higher Ki-67 LI than tumors having low-level cyclin E expression (cyclin E LI <30%; P < 0.001), whereas positive or negative cyclin D1 expression was not associated with the Ki-67 LI (P = 0.1). Cyclin E expression was a significant and independent unfavorable prognostic factor (hazards ratio = 2.09; P = 0.03), as reported previously (Clin. Cancer Res., 6: 11-16, 2000), whereas cyclin D1 expression was not. These findings indicate different roles of cyclin D1 and cyclin E in cell proliferation and in the prognosis of NSCLCs. Furthermore, we stratified this cohort of p-stage I NSCLCs into different survival groups by using biological factors, including cyclin E, Ki-67, and ras p21, which previously we have found to be independent prognostic factors among 10 factors studied in p-stage I NSCLCs. Four groups of patients with markedly different survivals were identified with 5-year survival rates that ranged from 96% for patients with no factors altered to 41% for patients with all three factors altered (P < 0.001). This combination of biological factors was a significant and independent prognostic factor (hazards ratio = 7.94; P = 0.001).
The Musk Shrew (Suncus murinus): A Model Species for Studies of Nutritional Regulation of Reproduction (2004)

Reproduction is the most energetically costly process that most female mammals ever undergo. When nutritional resources are scarce, and there is a high probability that females will be unable to cope with this energetic challenge, reproductive processes are inhibited. This process is highly conserved and likely adaptive and reversible when nutritional resources become available. Although the nutritional regulation of reproduction has been described in a number of species, the mechanism and neural sites of action by which this regulation occurs remain elusive. The musk shrew has proven to be a useful model to elucidate the peripheral cues and neuronal mechanisms that underlie nutritional infertility. Current knowledge of the nutritional regulation of reproduction is reviewed, with a focus on mammals. The advantages and disadvantages of using the musk shrew as an animal model for these types of studies are described.
Structural identification of the major DNA adduct formed by aflatoxin B1 in vitro. (1977)

The covalent binding of the hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1 by rat liver microsomes to calf thymus DNA resulted in a binding level equal to one aflatoxin residue per 60 DNA nucleotides. An aflatoxin derivative-guanine adduct was efficiently liberated from DNA with formic acid. Analytical reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography of the DNA hydrolysate revealed that approximately 90% of the carcinogen bound to DNA could be accounted for as a single component. Preparative high-pressure liquid chromatography was used to isolate sufficient quantities of the adduct for structural analysis from large quantities (340 mg) of DNA. A combination of spectral and chemical data indicates that the major product of the interaction of metabolically activated aflatoxin B1 and DNA is 2,3-dihydro-2-(N7-guanyl)-3-hydroxyaflatoxin B1 with the guanine and hydroxyl functions possessing a trans configuration. The structural data support the hypothesis that the putative 2,3-oxide of aflatoxin B1 is quantitatively important as an intermediate in the binding of aflatoxin B1 to nucleic acids.
Essential Role of Domain III of Nonstructural Protein 5A for Hepatitis C Virus Infectious Particle Assembly (2008)

Persistent infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major risk factor for the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. With an estimated about 3% of the world population infected with this virus, the lack of a prophylactic vaccine and a selective therapy, chronic hepatitis C currently is a main indication for liver transplantation. The establishment of cell-based replication and virus production systems has led to first insights into the functions of HCV proteins. However, the role of nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) in the viral replication cycle is so far not known. NS5A is a membrane-associated RNA-binding protein assumed to be involved in HCV RNA replication. Its numerous interactions with the host cell suggest that NS5A is also an important determinant for pathogenesis and persistence. In this study we show that NS5A is a key factor for the assembly of infectious HCV particles. We specifically identify the C-terminal domain III as the primary determinant in NS5A for particle formation. We show that both core and NS5A colocalize on the surface of lipid droplets, a proposed site for HCV particle assembly. Deletions in domain III of NS5A disrupting this colocalization abrogate infectious particle formation and lead to an enhanced accumulation of core protein on the surface of lipid droplets. Finally, we show that mutations in NS5A causing an assembly defect can be rescued by trans-complementation. These data provide novel insights into the production of infectious HCV and identify NS5A as a major determinant for HCV assembly. Since domain III of NS5A is one of the most variable regions in the HCV genome, the results suggest that viral isolates may differ in their level of virion production and thus in their level of fitness and pathogenesis.
Oleic Acid Uptake Reveals the Rescued Enterocyte Phenotype of Colon Cancer Caco-2 by HT29-MTX Cells in Co-Culture Mode (2017)

Gastrointestinal epithelium is the unique route for nutrients and for many pharmaceuticals to enter the body. The present study aimed to analyze precisely whether co-culture of two colon cancer cell lines, mucus-producing cells HT29-MTX and enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells, ameliorate differentiation into an in vitro intestinal barrier model and the signaling pathways involved. Differentiated Caco-2 cells gene datasets were compared first to intestinal or cancer phenotypes and second to signaling pathway gene datasets. Experimental validations were performed in real-time experiments, immunochemistry, and gene expression analyses on Caco-2 versus co-cultures of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX (10%) cells. Partial maintenance of cancer-cell phenotype in differentiated Caco-2 cells was confirmed and fatty acids merged as potential regulators of cancer signaling pathways. HT29-MTX cells induced morphological changes in Caco-2 cells, slightly increased their proliferation rate and profoundly modified gene transcription of phenotype markers, fatty acid receptors, intracellular transporters, and lipid droplet components as well as functional responses to oleic acid. In vitro, enterocyte phenotype was rescued partially by co-culture of cancer cells with goblet cells and completed through oleic acid interaction with signaling pathways dysregulated in cancer cells.
Diffusion on Surfaces. I. Effect of Concentration on the Diffusivity of Physically Adsorbed Gases (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTDiffusion on Surfaces. I. Effect of Concentration on the Diffusivity of Physically Adsorbed GasesEdwin R. Gilliland, Raymond F. Baddour, George P. Perkinson, and Karl J SladekCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1974, 13, 2, 95–100Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160050a001https://doi.org/10.1021/i160050a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1378Altmetric-Citations228LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of certain minimum boom concepts (1968)

Sonic boom efficiency factor analyses for rectangular configuration, high aspect ratio arrow wing, and delta wing models
Rapid screening and scale-up of transaminase catalysed reactions (2008)

A rapid, high-throughput screening methodology has been developed for the determination of transaminase activity. This pH based, colorimetric assay can also be used to scale reactions directly from 100 microL screening scale to 25 mL development scale. Additionally, three techniques have been developed to drive transamination reactions toward complete conversion. The first method uses lactate dehydrogenase to remove the inhibitory pyruvate keto acid by-product from the reaction and drive reaction equilibrium toward the desired amine. The second method is a single enzyme system, and uses a large excess of isopropylamine to drive the transamination. Method three requires only a catalytic amount of amine donor, as an amino acid dehydrogenase is employed to regenerate the amine donor in situ using ammonia. All three systems have been demonstrated for the production of optically pure methylbenzylamine from acetophenone. An enantiomeric excess of >99% was achieved for both the R- and S-methylbenzylamine products.
Neuroglia: Biophysical Properties and Physiologic Function (1970)

The membrane time constant of neocortical glial cells is abolut 385 microseconds, less than one-twentieth the known value for the Betz cell. Glial membrane specific resistance is low (approximately 200 to 500 ohm centimeters squared. Neuroglial cells are ideally suited to buffer the immediate extraneuronal space at areas of synaptic contact against the increases in external potassium ion concentration that accompany postsynaptic and spike activity and to minimize the spread of potassium ions to other pre- and postsynaptic regions.
Baseninduzierte Acyloin‐ Umlagerung sterisch gehinderter <i>p</i>‐Chinole (1976)

Abstract 4‐R‐2,6‐di‐ tert ‐butyl‐substituierte p ‐Chinole 1 erleiden in Gegenwart von Basen die Acyloin‐Umlagerung. Durch Wanderung von R zum benachbarten C‐Atom des Ringes entstehen dabei in guten Ausbeuten die Hydrochinone 2 oder durch deren Autoxidation die Chinone 3 . Im Falle räumlich Ausgedehnter Substituenten R erhält man aus sterischen Gründen anstelle der Hydrochinone 2 die Keto‐Tautomeren 4 . Die Umlagerung dürfte durch das Ketisierungsbestreben des aus dem Chinol 1 primär entstandenen Alkoxid‐Ions ausgelöst werden. Sie wird mit der Photochemischen Umlagerung der p ‐Chinol 1 verglichen, die teilweise zu denselben Endprodukten führt.
Analysis of the Disulfide Bond Arrangement of the HIV-1 Envelope Protein CON-S gp140 ΔCFI Shows Variability in the V1 and V2 Regions (2010)

Disulfide bonding of cysteines is one of the most important protein modifications, and it plays a key role in establishing/maintaining protein structures in biologically active forms. Therefore, the determination of disulfide bond arrangement is one important aspect to understanding the chemical structure of a protein and defining its functional domains. Herein, aiming to understand how the HIV-1 envelope protein's structure influences its immunogenicity, we used an MS-based approach, liquid chromatography electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (LC/ESI-FTICR) mass spectrometry, to determine the disulfide linkages on an oligomeric form of the group M consensus HIV-1 envelope protein (Env), CON-S gp140 ΔCFI. This protein has marked improvement in its immunogenicity compared to monomeric gp120 and wild-type forms of gp140 Envs. Our results demonstrate that the disulfide connectivity in the N-terminal region of CON-S gp140 ΔCFI is different from the disulfide bonding previously reported in the monomeric form of gp120 HIV-1 Env. Additionally, heterogeneity of the disulfide bonding was detected in this region. These data suggest that the V1/V2 region does not have a single, conserved disulfide bonding pattern and that variability could impact immunogenicity of expressed Envs.
Application of Microwave Moisture Sensor for Determination of Oil Palm Fruit Ripeness (2010)

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Crystallinity Enhancement of Nafion Electrolyte Membranes Assisted by a Molecular Gelator (2011)

Nanocrystallites, acting as physical cross-links in Nafion membranes, play a crucial role in building blocks for improving mechanical durability and stopping fuel crossover. However, Nafion membranes suffer from low crystallinity due to the irregular pendent side chains, which hinder self-aggregation of the poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) backbones. For the first time, a molecular gelator was introduced in the membrane casting process to enhance the rate of self-assembly of PTFE backbones so as to increase the membrane's crystallinity as well as proton conductivity without sacrificing the purity of Nafion. The molecular gelator used was 3,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde (DMBA). Addition of 0.5 wt % DMBA led to a 42% increase in crystallinity, a 32% increase in yield strength, a 22% increase in tensile modulus and an 18% increase in proton conductivity at 60 °C and 90% relative humidity. Additionally, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) prepared from the membranes cast from the solution containing 0.5 wt % DMBA also showed an increase of 17% in maximum power density in comparison to the MEA prepared from pure Nafion membrane in a single cell polarization test without any external humidification. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and molecular dynamics simulation were used to elucidate the structural changes in Nafion membrane due to the introduction of DMBA. It was observed that the presence of DMBA gives wider crystalline regions under TEM. The molecular dynamics simulation at 500 K shows that the PTFE backbones become elongated in the presence of DMBA due to the enhanced mobility. This is consistent with the observed increase in crystallinity in the membrane as it means reduced entropic change upon crystallization.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS (1993)

Journal Article REVIEWS OF BOOKS Get access Franz Schmidt (1874–1939).a Discussion of his Style with Special Reference to the Four Symphones and ‘Das Buch Mit sieben Siegeln’ By Thomas Bernard Corfield Pp. [vi] + 309. ‘Outstanding Dissertations in Music from Brtish Universities’ (Garland, New York & London, 1989 [ 1990], $94. ISBN 0-8240-8419-5 PETER FRANKLIN PETER FRANKLIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Music and Letters, Volume 74, Issue 1, February 1993, Page 144, https://doi.org/10.1093/ml/74.1.144 Published: 01 February 1993
Molecular Determinants for Subcellular Localization of Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein (2004)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein is a putative nucleocapsid protein with a number of regulatory functions. In tissue culture cells, HCV core protein is mainly located at the endoplasmic reticulum as well as mitochondria and lipid droplets within the cytoplasm. However, it is also detected in the nucleus in some cells. To elucidate the mechanisms by which cellular trafficking of the protein is controlled, we performed subcellular fractionation experiments and used confocal microscopy to examine the distribution of heterologously expressed fusion proteins involving various deletions and point mutations of the HCV core combined with green fluorescent proteins. We demonstrated that a region spanning amino acids 112 to 152 can mediate association of the core protein not only with the ER but also with the mitochondrial outer membrane. This region contains an 18-amino-acid motif which is predicted to form an amphipathic alpha-helix structure. With regard to the nuclear targeting of the core protein, we identified a novel bipartite nuclear localization signal, which requires two out of three basic-residue clusters for efficient nuclear translocation, possibly by occupying binding sites on importin-alpha. Differences in the cellular trafficking of HCV core protein, achieved and maintained by multiple targeting functions as mentioned above, may in part regulate the diverse range of biological roles of the core protein.
Computer-aided analysis of a finite arbitrarily shaped dielectric antenna (1971)

A numerical method of analysis is developed to determine the characteristics of a homogeneous dielectric antenna of arbitrary shape based on a general expression of electromagnetic wave scattering by a homogeneous dielectric body derived by Barrar and Dolph. This method is tested on a dielectric-disk antenna.
Individual A/F Control with Fuel-Gas Ratio Estimation for Multi-cylinder IC Engines (2007)

In IC engine with multi-cylinder, balancing the air-fuel ratio for individual cylinder is an important issue for providing high quality torque generation and reducing emission. This paper addresses the individual air-fuel ratio control problem for a six-cylinder engine with single sensor. First, a modeling to estimate the individual fuel-gas ratio, which provides the air-fuel ratio immediately, is proposed, and with the estimation model, an adaptive control approach to balancing the individual cylinder characteristics is presented. Under a given operating condition, parameter identification results for the estimation model are obtained by experiment conducted on a real engine test bench. Finally, experimental result with the proposed controller is demonstrated.
Therapeutic application of herbal essential oil and its bioactive compounds as complementary and alternative medicine in cardiovascular-associated diseases (2020)

Background: Herbal essential oil contains pharmacological benefits for intervention treatment of various diseases. Studies have demonstrated its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effect involving <em>in vitro</em> cell culture and preclinical animal models. It has been also traditionally used to reduce anxiety and hypertension in human. However, scientific studies elucidating its mechanism of action and pharmacological targets, as well as its effectiveness and safety as phytotherapeutic compounds are still progressing. Recent studies showed its promising effect in depression-cardiovascular disease intervention. However, comprehensive evaluations to enlighten latest advancement and potential of herbal essential oil are still lacking.
Rapid suppression of free radical formation by nerve growth factor involves the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (1997)

Neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (NGF) regulate neuronal survival during development and are neuroprotective in certain models of injury to both the peripheral and the central nervous system. Although many effects of neurotrophins involve long-term changes in gene expression, several recent reports have focused on rapid effects of neurotrophins that do not involve synthesis of new gene products. Because enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) represents one consequence of many insults that produce neuronal death, we hypothesized that neurotrophins might influence neuronal function and survival through acute alterations in the production of ROS. Using an oxidation-sensitive compound, dihydrorhodamine, we measured ROS formation in a central nervous system-derived neuronal cell line (GT1-1 trk) and in superior cervical ganglion neurons, both of which express the transmembrane NGF receptor tyrosine kinase, trkA. There was enhanced production of ROS in both cell types in the absence of NGF that was rapidly inhibited by application of NGF; complete inhibition of ROS generation in GT1-1 trk cells occurred within 10 min. NGF suppression of ROS formation was prevented by PD 098059, a specific inhibitor of MEK (mitogen/extracellular receptor kinase, which phosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinase). The observation that NGF acutely blocks ROS formation in neurons through activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway suggests a novel mechanism for rapid neurotrophin signaling, and has implications for understanding neuroprotective and other effects of neurotrophins.