gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opciones terapéuticas en el asma de difícil control (2005)

INTRODUCCION El tratamiento cronico del asma, tal como lo definen las guias nacionales e internacionales, se basa en la utilizacion de glucocorticoides inhalados y orales, agonistas 2 de accion prolongada, antagonistas de los leucotrienos y en menor medida, cromonas y teofilinas. Generalmente, con la utilizacion de estos farmacos se consigue un adecuado control del asma en la mayoria de los casos y de hecho, las guias actuales terminan sus recomendaciones con la adicion de corticoides orales, si tras un aumento progresivo del nivel de tratamiento, el paciente sigue sin alcanzar el control. Sin embargo, queda un pequeno pero importante grupo de asmaticos, con sintomas persistentes, exacerbaciones frecuentes y alteraciones de la funcion pulmonar, a pesar de estar recibiendo el maximo nivel de tratamiento convencional. Segun la European Respiratory Society los ninos asmaticos que no se controlan a pesar de tratamiento con mas de 800 g/dia de budesonida o mas de 400 g/dia de fluticasona, con buen cumplimiento, presentan asma de dificil control1. El pobre control se define como la necesidad de broncodilatadores mas de tres veces por semana, absentismo escolar mas de 5 dias por trimestre o al menos un episodio de sibilancias al mes. Afortunadamente el numero de ninos que precisa dosis mayores de 400-500 g/dia de fluticasona es pequeno, ya que la mayor parte del efecto terapeutico se alcanza con dosis de 100-250 g/dia y el maximo efecto, con dosis de alrededor de 500 g/dia2. Sin embargo, estos hallazgos estan limitados por la ausencia de estudios dosis-respuesta con dosis superiores a 500 g/dia de fluticasona. De cualquier manera, estas observaciones sugieren que todo nino que precise dosis superiores a 800 g/dia de budesonida o equivalente, requiere una cuidadosa evaluacion que incluya descartar un diagnostico erroneo, mal cumplimiento terapeutico, exposicion continuada a alergenos u otros factores desencadenantes, tratamiento inadecuado, dosis insuficiente, tecnica de inhalacion inapropiada, morbilidad asociada (reflujo gastroesofagico, sinusitis) asi como factores psicologicos del nino y de la familia, que puedan relacionarse con sobreestimacion de los sintomas. Si se descartan todos los factores anteriores y el nino continua mal controlado, podria estar justificado realizar un estudio detallado de la funcion pulmonar e incluso una broncoscopia con biopsia bronquial para el analisis histologico de la via aerea3.
Masked correlation filters for partially occluded face recognition (2016)

Face recognition is widely used for a variety of applications, such as identifying people for security purposes, as well as photo album organization. A challenge is to perform accurate face recognition when there exist partial occlusions of the face such as scarves or sunglasses. Correlation Filters (CFs) are an occlusion-tolerant object recognition method, potentially suited to deal with partial occlusions. In this paper, we introduce a new class of correlation filters called Masked Correlation Filters (MCFs), that are designed specifically to handle partial occlusions in face images. The benefits of using MCFs are illustrated using well-known face image data sets.
A Review of the Effect of Diet on Cardiovascular Calcification (2015)

Cardiovascular (CV) calcification is known as sub-clinical atherosclerosis and is recognised as a predictor of CV events and mortality. As yet there is no treatment for CV calcification and conventional CV risk factors are not consistently correlated, leaving clinicians uncertain as to optimum management for these patients. For this reason, a review of studies investigating diet and serum levels of macro- and micronutrients was carried out. Although there were few human studies of macronutrients, nevertheless transfats and simple sugars should be avoided, while long chain ω-3 fats from oily fish may be protective. Among the micronutrients, an intake of 800 μg/day calcium was beneficial in those without renal disease or hyperparathyroidism, while inorganic phosphorus from food preservatives and colas may induce calcification. A high intake of magnesium (≥380 mg/day) and phylloquinone (500 μg/day) proved protective, as did a serum 25(OH)D concentration of ≥75 nmol/L. Although oxidative damage appears to be a cause of CV calcification, the antioxidant vitamins proved to be largely ineffective, while supplementation of α-tocopherol may induce calcification. Nevertheless other antioxidant compounds (epigallocatechin gallate from green tea and resveratrol from red wine) were protective. Finally, a homocysteine concentration >12 µmol/L was predictive of CV calcification, although a plasma folate concentration of >39.4 nmol/L could both lower homocysteine and protect against calcification. In terms of a dietary programme, these recommendations indicate avoiding sugar and the transfats and preservatives found in processed foods and drinks and adopting a diet high in oily fish and vegetables. The micronutrients magnesium and vitamin K may be worthy of further investigation as a treatment option for CV calcification.
Mersilene Suture as a Vehicle for Delivery of Growth Factors in Tendon Repair (1999)

Extensive clinical and laboratory studies have demonstrated that growth factors accelerate and modulate the wound-healing process. The purpose of this experiment was to apply the principles of growth factor-enhanced wound healing to an in vitro rat tendon model. A method was developed for covalently binding a biologically active peptide to nonabsorbable braided polyester suture (Mersilene). Sutures were treated with various growth factors, which included epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and keratinocyte growth factor, and bovine serum albumin was the control. Spectrophotometric assessment was used to verify the peptide's activity. The suture was subsequently placed through individual harvested rat flexor tendons, which were arranged in standard tissue culture conditions. Markedly increased cellular proliferation along the suture was appreciated on the tendons treated with epidermal growth factor-bound suture. Platelet-derived growth factor was shown to have a lesser effect, whereas keratinocyte growth factor had no visible effect on cellular proliferation. This preliminary study describes a new technique of binding growth factors to suture. It also demonstrates that the presence of growth factors may help facilitate flexor tendon healing and allow early postoperative rehabilitation to decrease adhesion formation.
Diastolic heart failure: challenges of diagnosis and treatment. (2004)

Diastolic heart failure, a major cause of morbidity and mortality, is defined as symptoms of heart failure in a patient with preserved left ventricular function. It is characterized by a stiff left ventricle with decreased compliance and impaired relaxation, which leads to increased end diastolic pressure. Signs and symptoms are similar to those of heart failure with systolic dysfunction. The diagnosis of diastolic heart failure is best made with Doppler echocardiography. Based on current knowledge, pharmacologic treatment of diastolic heart failure should focus on normalizing blood pressure, promoting regression of left ventricular hypertrophy, avoiding tachycardia, treating symptoms of congestion, and maintaining normal atrial contraction when possible. Diuretic therapy is the mainstay of treatment for preventing pulmonary congestion, while beta blockers appear to be useful in preventing tachycardia and thereby prolonging left ventricular diastolic filling time. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers may be beneficial in patients with diastolic dysfunction, especially those with hypertension. Evidence from adequately powered randomized controlled trials, however, is not available yet. The outcomes of ongoing clinical trials may provide much-needed information to move from intuitive treatment to therapy based on evidence that matters: decreased morbidity and mortality and improved quality of life.
Título en español. (1953)

Se informan en este trabajo distintos aspectos sobre: los minerales potásicos, el contenido total de potasa de algunos perfiles, los valores mínimos y máximos de la potasa asimilable, el promedio de potasa asimilable extraído por un por ciento de ácido cítrico y por el sorgo enano, en pruebas con tiestos, todo en relación con algunos grupos de suelos de Puerto Rico. En aquellos suelos en que se encuentran los feldespatos, el promedio de potasa asimilable, extraído por el sorgo y el ácido cítrico, fué 747 y 376 libras de K2O por acre, respectivamente. El sorgo extrajo el doble de potasa. En los suelos sin feldespatos, el promedio de potasa asimilable extraído por el sorgo y por el ácido cítrico, fué 440 y 365 libras de K2O por acre, respectivamente. Se concluye, que los métodos químicos no siempre resultan confiables para determinar con exactitud la cantidad de potasa que las plantas absorben del suelo. La caña de azúcar generalmente ha respondido poco a las aplicaciones de los abonos potásicos en Puerto Rico. Los mayores rendimientos de la variedad P.O.J. 2878 se obtuvieron en las primeras cinco cosechas consecutivas en un suelo ácido de Puerto Rico, con una aplicación mínima de 90 libras de K2O por cosecha, por año. La sexta cosecha al igual que las otras tres seguidas, como también el promedio de las nueve cosechas, respondieron significativamente a la aplicación de potasa en exceso a 90 libras de K2O por acre. No hubo resultados significativos en los lisímetros de arena con cuatro niveles de aumento, los cuales variaron desde 19 hasta 253 libras de K2O por acre, respectivamente. Tampoco, hubo correlación significativa entre los rendimientos de la caña y el contenido de potasa de sus hojas, en las cuatro épocas distintas en las cuales se hicieron las observaciones. A los 3 meses el contenido de potasa en las plantas de caña varió entre 1.54 y 2.94 por ciento de K, respectivamente, en las aplicaciones mínimas y máximas de potasa.
New recombinant linear DNA-elements derived from<i>Kluyveromyces lactis</i>killer plasmids (1989)

The cytoplasmically localized linear killer plasmids pGKL1 and 2 from Iltuyveromyces lactis carry terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) and 5' covalently linked proteins. pGKLI (8.8 kb) encodes the killer toxin, whereas pGKL2 (13.4 kb) is responsible for the maintenanceof both linear plasmids (1). After integration of a
Requirements validation of a voice communication system used in air traffic control. An industrial application of light-weight formal methods (2002)

During the last few years light-weight approaches to formal development methods have been proposed in order to facilitate the technological transfer of formal methods. "Light-weight" means that a precise and unambiguous formal specification language is used in order to raise the quality of a system's description, without focusing on proofs (C.B. Jones, 1996). The article presents the results and experiences gained in an industrial project where VDM++, an object oriented extension of the Vienna Development Method, has been applied in such a light-weight manner. In the joint project of the Austrian company Frequentis and the Technical University Graz (J. Horl, 1999), a safety critical voice communication system (VCS) for air-traffic control has been specified and validated. It serves as the sole communication system between the pilots, the air-traffic control personnel at the tower, the ground personnel on the runways, other parties external to the airport and even other airports.
A parametric cubic modelling system for general solids of composite material (1977)

Abstract A new approach to modelling solids that are anisotropic and heterogeneous is presented with applications to structures of composite material. A parametric cubic modelling system is presented for lines, surfaces, volumes, and physical data that uses construction‐in‐context to generate numerical data. This system automates the construction of discrete element models and can reduce input data requirements by more than an order of magnitude. A tricubic isoparametric discrete element is presented that does not require displacement derivatives to define connectivity. This element is capable of exact displacement and strain continuity over a surface while permitting strain discontinuities at heterogeneous material interfaces. The shape of an element can be any hexahedron, pentahedron, or tetrahedron and the material properties are allowed to vary over the volume. Evaluation of modelling error with respect to closed‐form solutions for curved geometries indicate a single element can model up to 90‐degree segments with stresses accurate to 1 per cent. Applications of the system to composite structures are presented for interlaminar edge effects and attachment stresses in a sandwich panel.
Chemical vapor deposition of Gallium selenide and indium selenide nanoparticles (1996)

Nanometer‐sized structures can exhibit quite different properties from those of their macroscopic forms . In this paper is is reported that, under suitable conditions, well‐defined nanoparticles of InSe and GaSe may be obtained from the vapor phase thermolysis of heterocubane molecules. For example, InSe grown from [(EtMe 2 C)InSe] 4 consists of spheres with a mean diameter of 88 nm (standard deviation s.d. = 30 nm), while GaSe grown from [( t Bu)GaSe] 4 produces pseudo‐spherical nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 42 nm (s.d. = 13 nm). Possible controlling mechanisms are discussed.
Inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell functions are novel sulforaphane-mediated mechanisms in chemoprevention (2006)

Sulforaphane, an aliphatic isothiocyanate, is a known cancer chemopreventive agent. Aiming to investigate antiangiogenic potential of sulforaphane, we here report a potent decrease of newly formed microcapillaries in a human in vitro antiangiogenesis model, with an IC50 of 0.08 micromol/L. The effects of sulforaphane on endothelial cell functions essential for angiogenesis were investigated in HMEC-1, an immortalized human microvascular endothelial cell line. Molecular signaling pathways leading to activation of endothelial cell proliferation and degradation of the basement membrane were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR. Sulforaphane showed time- and concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on hypoxia-induced mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and two angiogenesis-associated transcription factors, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and c-Myc, in a concentration range of 0.8 to 25 micromol/L. In addition, the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor KDR/flk-1 was inhibited by sulforaphane at the transcriptional level. Sulforaphane could also affect basement membrane integrity, as it suppressed transcription of the predominant endothelial collagenase matrix metalloproteinase-2 and its tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2. Migration of HMEC-1 cells in a wound healing assay was effectively prevented by sulforaphane at submicromolar concentrations, and we determined an IC50 of 0.69 micromol/L. In addition, within 6 hours of incubation, sulforaphane inhibited tube formation of HMEC-1 cells on basement membrane matrix at 0.1, 1, and 10 micromol/L concentrations. These effects were not due to inhibition of HMEC-1 cell proliferation; however, after 72 hours of incubation, sulforaphane nonselectively reduced HMEC-1 cell growth with an IC50 of 11.3 micromol/L. In conclusion, we have shown that sulforaphane interferes with all essential steps of neovascularization from proangiogenic signaling and basement membrane integrity to endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. These novel antiangiogenic activities of sulforaphane are likely to contribute to its cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic potential.
Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Conivaptan, a Dual V <sub>1A</sub> and V <sub>2</sub> Vasopressin Receptor Antagonist, in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure (2001)

In patients with advanced heart failure, vasopressin receptor antagonism with conivaptan resulted in favorable changes in hemodynamics and urine output without affecting blood pressure or heart rate. These data suggest that vasopressin is functionally significant in advanced heart failure and that further investigations are warranted to examine the effects of conivaptan on symptom relief and natural history in such patients.
An <i>in vitro</i> study of proximal femoral allograft strains in revision hip arthroplasty (1994)

Bone allografts are used frequently to replace bone stock subsequent to total hip arthroplasty. Revision of the failed hip replacement results in a complex structure of allograft bone, host bone and a metal femoral component. To evaluate the mechanics of the allograft-implant-host bone structure at the time of surgery, a strain gauge study was undertaken with six fresh/frozen human femora. Under defined loading conditions, cortical strain distributions were measured for five different cases: (1) normal bone, (2) bone with a femoral implant, (3) bone with the femoral component and an osteotomy at the mid-stem level of the implant (i.e. to stimulate the proximal allograft-host junction around the femoral stem), (4) bone with an osteotomy and an implant cemented into the 'allograft' (i.e. the proximal end of the femur), and (5) bone with an osteotomy and the implant cemented into both the proximal 'allograft' and the distal host bone. The results showed that, prior to making the osteotomy, proximal femoral strains were decreased with the insertion of a femoral stem. These strains were further decreased when an osteotomy had been made. This strain distribution did not change when the stem was cemented into the proximal 'allograft' bone, or cemented into the proximal 'allograft' and distal host bone. The decreases in strain for these test cases implied that the discontinuity between the bony segments caused an extended reduction in the tensile or compressive stresses transmitted through the cortices.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Design implications of memristor-based RRAM cross-point structures (2011)

Emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies are getting mature in recent years. These emerging NVM technologies have demonstrated great potentials for the universal memory hierarchy design. Among all the technology candidates, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is considered to be the most promising as it operates faster than phase-change memory (PCRAM), and it has simpler and smaller cell structure than magnetic memory (MRAM or STT-RAM). In contrast to a conventional MOS-accessed memory cell, memristor-based RRAM has the potential of forming a cross-point structure without using access devices, achieving ultra high density. The cross-point structure, however, brings extra challenges to the peripheral circuitry design. In this work, we study the memristor-based RRAM array design and focus on the choices of different peripherals to achieve the best trade-off among performance, energy, and area. In addition, a system-level model is built to estimate the performance, energy, and area values.
Reaction of lithiated senecioamide and related compounds with benzynes : Efficient syntheses of naphthols and naphthoquinones. (1986)

The reaction of lithated N, N-diethylsenecioamide and N, N-diethy-3-phenlisocrotonamide with methoxy-substituted benzynes, generated in situ from methoxy-substituted halobenzenes, gave regiospecifically various 3-methyl- and 3-phenyl-naphthol derivatives in a one-pot process. Methoxy-substituted 3-methyl-1-naphthols thus obtained were easily converted into various 1, 4-naphthoquinones and 1, 2-naphthoquinones including biologically active natural products such as plumbagin, plumbagin methylether, 5, 6-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone, and 8-methoxy-3-mathyl-1, 2-naphthoquinone.
A New Method of Quantitative Measurement of Abdominal and Back Muscle Strength (1980)

A new method of quantitative measurement with a cybex machine is applied to the trunk muscles. The curves of muscle torque and muscle fatigue are easily obtained in clinical medicine. In normal controls, maximal muscle torque is greater in back muscles than in abdominal muscles, and the definite influence of aging is found in both muscles. Furthermore, the trunk muscles are more easily fatigued by a sustained contraction than by repeated contractions, and abdominal muscles are more easily fatigued than back muscles. The role of the trunk muscles in the mechanism of pain production and prevention is still to be determined.
Embedded PI-bang-bang curing oven controller (2011)

Embedded control can prove to be difficult if approached incorrectly. In this paper, the Ziegler-Nichols control parameter determination is applied to a PIC18F4520 microcontroller in order to control a thermal oven used for curing of materials. Classical bang-bang, PI and PID control each have disadvantages, but adding simple fuzzy reasoning to the control eliminates some of these, thereby producing an improved controlled system. Simulated and practical results confirm this approach delivers better performance.
Using domain knowledge for targeted alerting in PBA for IT service management (2018)

Process behavior analysis (PBA) has been applied to service quality control for decades. In IT service delivery management, PBA has been widely and successfully applied to monitor key performance indicators (KPIs) over time to identify process anomalies. However, we notice that PBA is often limited to a relatively small number of high-level indicators instead of slicing and dicing data for each KPI to find the key dimensions that highlight specific problems. This is due to the fact that without applying domain knowledge to identify relevant alerts, monitoring all possible dimensions leads to too many irrelevant alerts. In this paper, we demonstrate that, using domain-specific rules for each dimension as well as for dimension combinations, we generate targeted alerts for specific consumers. While the presented framework is generic, we demonstrate specifically how targeted alerting can be applied to the incident management process, in particular to monitoring incident volumes over time. We showcase the value of our targeted alerting mechanism using data from 18 outsourcing clients.
Frequency analysis of gut EMG. (1987)

The EMG of the gut smooth muscle plays an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility in health and disease. The EMG in general consists of an omnipresent oscillatory electrical control activity (ECA) and spikes or other potentials that result in contractions of the smooth muscle. This paper addresses the question of how the ECA signals can best be processed and how inappropriate transformations of such signals may produce misleading results. The various factors affecting the composition of the gut EMG, in time and space along the gut, are discussed briefly. The need for the analysis of the ECA for its oscillatory nature is mentioned together with details regarding the widely used visual, period, and Fourier analysis techniques. Fourier analysis techniques have been applied with increasing frequency to gut EMG; the various features of Fourier analysis and considerations for their implementation on the computer are discussed. The visual, period, and Fourier analysis approaches as well as their uses and limitations in application to a variety of ECAs of the stomach and of the colon in dogs and humans are illustrated. This study indicates that period analysis techniques are well suited for the study of the visibly oscillatory upper gut EMG, while smoothed spectral analysis is more appropriate for the study of colonic EMG.