gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Compliance Testing of a SiGe WCDMA Receiver IC With Integrated Analog Baseband (2005)

A 2.7-3.3 V 32-mA SiGe direct-conversion wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA) receiver IC integrating the RF front-end and analog baseband on a single chip has been completed and measured. Analog performance specifications for the design were driven by the 3GPP specifications. To close the loop from 3GPP specifications to IC design specifications to hardware performance results, a subset of compliance tests for both the analog as well as the digital 3GPP specifications was performed. The IC design includes a bypassable low-noise amplifier (LNA), a quadrature direct-downconverter, an automatically tuned channel-select filter, wide dynamic-range baseband amplifiers, and a serial digital interface. Power-saving modes allow the LNA to be powered down when the input signal is sufficiently large, reducing current consumption to 23 mA. In addition, the entire Q-channel signal path can be optionally powered down during control-channel monitoring, further reducing current draw to 17 mA nominal. The IC showed full compliance with the static channel 3GPP specification tests performed, including all analog/RF compliance tests and a set of DPCH/spl I.bar/Ec/Ior sensitivity tests from 12.2 through 384 kb/s as measured with a software baseband processor.
Expression and functional properties of transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor during mouse mammary gland ductal morphogenesis. (1991)

Primer-directed enzyme amplification was used to examine epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) mRNA transcripts in mammary glands of young virgin, mature virgin, midpregnant, and midlactating mice. Transcripts for both EGF and TGF-alpha mRNA were detected in virgin and pregnant mice, whereas transcripts for EGF mRNA but not TGF-alpha mRNA were expressed in 10-day lactating mice. TGF-alpha was localized in the epithelial cap-cell layer of the advancing terminal end bud and in the stromal fibroblasts at the base of the terminal end bud; EGF was localized in the inner layers of the terminal end bud and in ductal cells of mammary epithelium. Implantation of pellets containing EGF or TGF-alpha into the regressed mammary gland of ovariectomized mice stimulated the reappearance of end buds; contralateral glands implanted with pellets containing albumin or insulin were not affected. These results indicate that an EGF-receptor-mediated pathway remained intact in the mammary gland epithelium in the absence of ovarian steroids and that local availability of either EGF or TGF-alpha is sufficient to stimulate the pattern of normal ductal growth. The detection of EGF and TFF-alpha transcripts at different stages of mammary gland development and the different patterns of immunolocalization suggest that each polypeptide plays a different role in normal mammary gland morphogenesis.
The Role of Coiled-coil α-Helices and Disulfide Bonds in the Assembly and Stabilization of Cartilage Matrix Protein Subunits (1995)

Cartilage matrix protein (CMP) exists as a disulfide-bonded homotrimer in the matrix of cartilage. Each monomer consists of two CMP-A domains that are separated by an epidermal growth factor-like domain. A heptad repeat-containing tail makes up the carboxyl-terminal domain of the protein. The secreted form of CMP contains 12 cysteine residues numbered C1 through C12. Two of these are in each of the CMP-A domains, six are in the epidermal growth factor-like domain, and two are in the heptad repeat-containing tail. Two major categories of mutant CMPs were generated to analyze the oligomerization process of CMP: a mini-CMP and a heptadless full-length CMP. The mini-CMP consists of the CMP-A2 domain and the heptad repeat-containing tail. In addition, a number of mutations affecting C9 through C12 were generated within the full-length, the mini-, and the heptad-less CMPs. The mutational analysis indicates that the heptad repeats are necessary for the initiation of CMP trimerization and that the two cysteines in the heptad repeat-containing tail are both necessary and sufficient to form intermolecular disulfide bonds in either full-length or mini-CMP. The two cysteines within a CMP-A domain form an intradomain disulfide bond.
Preparation of TiN films by photochemical vapor deposition (1989)

The TiN films have been prepared by photochemical vapor deposition using a D2 lamp from a gas mixture of TiCl4 -NH3 (or N2) -H2. The deposition temperature of the TiN films was lowered by 50–100 °C by irradiation with a D2 lamp as compared to that without irradiation. The deposition rate was increased by 35–300% with irradiation.
Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in Chinese adults: immediate and long-term results. (2003)

Percutaneous closure of PDA in adults is a safe and feasible procedure. It should be a reasonable alternative for adult patients who are either not fit for open-chest surgery or who prefer a less invasive approach.
Personalized Approaches to Clopidogrel Therapy (2010)

Clopidogrel is one of the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide. Recent advisories from the US Food and Drug Administration have drawn attention to the possibility of personalized decision-making for people who are candidates for clopidogrel. As is the case with antihypertensives, statins, and warfarin, common genetic sequence variants can influence clopidogrel metabolism and its effect on platelet activity. These genetic variants have, in multiple studies, been associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Concurrent medication use also influences how the body handles clopidogrel. Proton pump inhibitors, widely prescribed in conjunction with clopidogrel, may blunt its effectiveness. We address implications for bedside decision-making in light of accumulated data and current Food and Drug Administration advisories and conclude that genetic testing for CYP2C19 genotype and limitation of proton pump inhibitor interactions do not yet appear to offer an opportunity to optimize treatment given the current state of knowledge.
Fluorinated Xerogel-Derived Microelectrodes for Amperometric Nitric Oxide Sensing (2008)

An amperometric fluorinated xerogel-derived nitric oxide (NO) microelectrode is described. A range of fluorine-modified xerogel polymers were synthesized via the cohydrolysis and condensation of alkylalkoxy- and fluoroalkoxysilanes. Such polymers were evaluated as NO sensor membranes to identify the optimum composition for maximizing NO permeability while providing sufficient selectivity for NO in the presence of common interfering species. By taking advantage of both the versatility of sol-gel chemistry and the "poly(tetrafluoroethylene)-like" high NO permselective properties of the xerogels, the performance of the fluorinated xerogel-derived sensors was excellent, surpassing all miniaturized NO sensors reported to date. In contrast to previous electrochemical NO sensor designs, xerogel-based NO microsensors were fabricated using a simple, reliable dip-coating procedure. An optimal permselective membrane was achieved by synthesizing xerogels of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) and 20% (heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl)trimethoxysilane (17FTMS, balance MTMOS) under acid-catalyzed conditions. The resulting NO microelectrode had a conical tip of approximately 20 microm in diameter and approximately 55 microm in length and exhibited sensitivities of 7.91 pA x nM (-1) from 0.2 to 3.0 nM (R (2) = 0.9947) and 7.60 nA x microM (-1) from 0.5 to 4.0 microM ( R (2) = 0.9999), detection limit of 83 pM (S/ N = 3), response time ( t 95%) of <3 s, and selectivity (log K NO, j (amp)) of -5.74, <-6, <-6, <-6, <-6, -5.84, and -1.33 for j = nitrite, ascorbic acid, uric acid, acetaminophen, dopamine, ammonia/ammonium, and carbon monoxide. In addition, the sensor proved functional up to 20 d, maintaining >or=90% of the sensor's initial sensitivity without serious deterioration in selectivity.
Polarity Determination for the CdxZn1-xS Nanocombs by EELS (2007)

Comb-like Cd(x)Zn(1-x)S nanostructures have been synthesized by one-step metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The microstructure and composition were characterized by analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ribbon of the comb-like structure is along [2-1-10] (the a-axis), and the nanotips are along [0001] (the c-axis). The atomic location by channeling-enhanced microanalysis (ALCHEMI) technique was used to determine the polarity of the crystal via electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The thickness dependence, delocalization and beam convergent effect are discussed here. The investigations reveal that the growth mechanism is consistent with the asymmetric growth.
A High-Throughput Microfluidic Assay for SH2 Domain-Containing Inositol 5-Phosphatase 2 (2006)

SH2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) is a potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This enzyme serves as a negative regulator of insulin-mediated signal transduction by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of the second messenger lipid molecule phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate. Traditionally, assays for phosphoinositide phosphatases such as SHIP2 have relied on radiolabeled phosphatidylinositol-containing lipid membranes and chromatographic separation of labeled phospholipid substrate from product by thin-layer chromatography. We have expressed and purified catalytically active phosphatase domain constructs of SHIP2 from Escherichia coli and developed a sensitive and antibody- or binding protein-independent assay for SHIP2 amenable to high-throughput screening of phosphoinositide phosphatases or phosphoinositide kinases. This microfluidic assay, with Z' values approximately 0.8, is based upon the difference in mobility within an electric field between a fluorophore-labeled phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate substrate and the corresponding 3,4-bisphosphate product. High-throughput screening of a 91,060-member compound library in 384-well format resulted in the identification of SHIP2 inhibitors.
Self-assembling peptide materials (2012)

Peptides are time-honored substances, ubiquitous in nature and useful in many fields, from argriculture as pestisides, in medicine as antibacteria and antifugal drugs founded in the innate immune systems, to medicinal chemistry as hornmones http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide. However, the concept of peptide materials did not come to mind until 1990 when a self-assembling peptide as a repeating segment in a yeast protein was serendipitously discovered. As it was called, the materials peptide since they have bona fide materials property and are made from simple amino acids with amazing nanostructures under physiological conditions. These structures include well-ordered nanofibers, nanotubes and nanovesicles. These structures have been used for 3D tissue cell cultures of primary cells and stem cells, sustained releases of small molecules, growth factors and monoclonal antibody, for accelerated-wound healing in reparative and regenerative medicine as well as tissue engineering. Recent advances in molecular designs have also led to the development of 3D fine-tuned bioactive tissue culture scaffolds. They are also used to stabilize membrane proteins including difficult G-protein coupled receptors for designing nanobiodevices. One of self-assembling peptides has been used in human clinical trials for accelerated-wound healings. It is likely that these peptide materials will open doors for more and more diverse uses. The field of self-assembling peptide materials is growing in a number of directions in areas of materials, synthetic biology, clinical medicine and beyond.
Oxygen plasma removal of thin polymer films (1980)

Abstract Relative rates of polymer removal in an oxygen plasma have been measured for 40 polymer samples. The rates of removal are correlated, with structural factors which enhance or retard removal. Strong backbone bonds, aromatic and polar functional groups, and metallic atoms decrease the removal rates. Weak bonds not attached to the‐ polymer backbone have little affect while weak bonds attached directly to the chain or in the chain greatly accelerate removal. Chlorine present in the polymer catalyzes removal. This can be mimicked by mixtures of CF 4 , and O 2 for which much enhanced removal rates are observed.
Research and application of surface-consistent relative Q calculation and compensation (2014)

The surface is featured with porous medium, and formation quality factor Q is small, so the high-frequency components of seismic wave attenuate seriously after transmission via the earth's surface. This paper presents a method for calculating surface relative Q value by combined with near-surface travel time and the surface consistency coefficient of relative amplitude, the surface seismic wave attenuation is compensated through steady Q compensation method with gain control. The method has achieved remarkable results in seismic data processing of Junggar basin.
Dispersion effects in elliptical-core highly birefringent fibers (2001)

Modal birefringence and its sensitivity to temperature and hydrostatic pressure were measured versus wavelength in three elliptical-core fibers and one fiber with stress-induced birefringence. We carried out the measurements in the spectral range from 633 to 843 nm by using interferometric methods. In fibers with elliptical cores all the measured parameters showed high chromatic dependence, whereas in fibers with stress-induced birefringence this dependence was weak. We modeled the dispersion characteristics of two elliptical-core fibers by using the modified perturbation approach first proposed by Kumar. The modification consists of introducing into the expression for the normalized propagation constants an additional perturbation term that contains information about stress-induced birefringence. The results of modeling show that the temperature and pressure sensitivity of elliptical-core fiber are associated primarily with variations in stress induced by these parameters. The agreement between measured and calculated values of sensitivity in the worst case was equal to 20% for modal birefringence and temperature sensitivity and 50% for pressure sensitivity. Lower agreement between measured and calculated values of pressure sensitivity is most probably associated with uncertainties in the material constants used in modeling.
Production of arene oxides by the caroate-acetone system (dimethyldioxirane) (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProduction of arene oxides by the caroate-acetone system (dimethyldioxirane)Ramasubbu Jeyaraman and Robert W. MurrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 8, 2462–2463Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00320a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00320a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views500Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Attitudes of the public and scientists to biotechnology in Japan at the start of 2000. (2000)

This survey on biotechnology and bioethics was carried out on national random samples of the public and scientists in November 2000-January 2000 [sic]throughout Japan, and attendees at the Novartis Life Science Forum held on 29 September 1999 in Tokyo. The sample size was 297, 370, and 74 respectively. While there is a better awareness of GMOs in 2000 compared to 1991; the trend shows an increase in the perceived risks of GMOs followed by growing resistance in Japan. While a majority of persons believed genetic engineering would make life better over the next twenty years (57%), the proportion of respondents who thought genetic engineering would make life worse over the next twenty years doubled from 1997 to 2000 (from 12% to 25%). Respondents were asked whether they had heard about applications in several areas and the order of familiarity (high-low) was: pest-resistant crops, human genes in bacteria, mouse to develop cancer, food and drinks, pigs with human hearts and pre-implantation diagnosis. A divide of opinion can be seen when the results on benefit, risk and moral acceptability of applications of biotechnology by the public are compared to the forum and scientist samples. A significant change in the acceptance of the public occurred in 2000 where only 22% agreed on the moral acceptability of GM food compared to 41% in 1997. In 2000 fewer people said they are willing (20%) to buy genetically modified fruits that taste better compared to 1997 (36%). The results show less public support for use of gene therapy than 1993 and twice as many scientists rejected gene therapy than they did in 1991. When asked who is best placed to regulate modern biotechnology, the respondents were overwhelmingly in favor of international regulatory bodies, such as the United Nations and the World Health Organization (72%), rather than national bodies. The comparison between scientists and public is interesting, however the more enthusiastic sample were participants from the Novaritis Life Science Forum with its mixed occupations.
Aqueous Sodium Borohydride Chemistry. The Colnage Metals, Copper, Silver, and Gold. (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAqueous Sodium Borohydride Chemistry. The Colnage Metals, Copper, Silver, and Gold.L. F. Hohnstedt, B. O. Miniatas, and Sr. M. Concetta. WallerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1965, 37, 9, 1163–1164Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60228a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60228a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1648Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Giant internal magnetic pressure and compressibility anomalies (1976)

We show that the kinetic-energy increase associated with magnetic ordering is responsible for the anomalously large lattice constants and small bulk moduli of the magnetic members of the $3d$ transition series. The effect follows from the itinerant model of magnetism and does not involve spin-orbit coupling. For Fe and Ni, this effect is demonstrated directly using self-consistent spin-polarized energy-band calculations. A simple, approximate expression for the magnetic pressure is obtained from the Stoner model. This expression gives results for Fe and Ni which are in good agreement with the detailed calculations and is used to obtain estimates of the size of the effect in Cr, Mn, and Co.
Molecular Bases of Circadian Rhythms (2001)

Circadian rhythms are found in most eukaryotes and some prokaryotes. The mechanism by which organisms maintain these roughly 24-h rhythms in the absence of environmental stimuli has long been a mystery and has recently been the subject of intense research. In the past few years, we have seen explosive progress in the understanding of the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in model systems ranging from cyanobacteria to mammals. This review attempts to outline these primarily genetic and biochemical findings and encompasses work done in cyanobacteria, Neurospora, higher plants, Drosophila, and rodents. Although actual clock components do not seem to be conserved between kingdoms, central clock mechanisms are conserved. Somewhat paradoxically, clock components that are conserved between species can be used in diverse ways. The different uses of common components may reflect the important role that the circadian clock plays in adaptation of species to particular environmental niches.
In Vivo Photoacoustic Tomography of Chemicals: High-Resolution Functional and Molecular Optical Imaging at New Depths (2010)

High-resolution volumetric optical imaging modalities,\nsuch as confocal microscopy, two-photon microscopy, and\noptical coherence tomography, have become increasingly\nimportant in the biomedical imaging field. However, due to\nstrong light scattering, the penetration depths of these\nimaging modalities are limited to the optical transport mean\nfree path in biological tissues, for example, ∼1 mm in the\nskin. Photoacoustic tomography (PAT), an emerging hybrid\nimaging modality that can provide strong endogenous and\nexogenous optical absorption contrasts with high ultrasonic\nspatial resolution using the photoacoustic (PA) effect, has\novercome the fundamental depth limitation. The image\nresolution is scalable with the ultrasonic frequency. The\nimaging depth is limited to the reach of photons and up to\na few centimeters deep in biological tissues. This Review\nwill focus on the following aspects of PAT described in\nworks published from 2003 to 2009: (1) multiscale PAT\nsystems, (2) morphological and functional PAT using\nintrinsic contrasts (hemoglobin or melanin), and (3) functional\nand molecular PAT using exogenous contrast agents\n(organic dyes, nanoparticles, reporter genes, or fluorescence\nproteins).
Design and Application of Regulatory Management System Based on Role (2011)

In order to standardize business processes,improve efficiency,we constructed an Regulatory Management System Based on Role.We introduced the general framework of the system and the key part of the realization.And in practice,we enterprises and institutions of the system to meet the needs of operation with practical,flexible,advanced,stability,security and so on.
Net-Shape Manufacture of Low-Cost Ceramic Shapes by Freeze-Gelation (2010)

The freezing of colloidal silica sols — a process known as freeze-gelation, or freeze-casting — offers a route for the manufacture of low-cost ceramics of complex shape which is a useful alternative to conventional ceramic manufacturing methods. Freeze-gelation, unlike the more conventional alkoxide or colloidal sol-gel techniques, is a simple and economical process which can be employed to produce porous, crack-free, near-net-shape ceramic bodies of considerable size. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the effects of process and compositional variables on the microstructure and properties of ceramics manufactured by this process.