gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of different FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenases for possible use in glucose-based biosensors and biofuel cells (2012)

In this study, different flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent glucose dehydrogenases (FADGDHs) were characterized electrochemically after "wiring" them with an osmium redox polymer [Os(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine)(2)(PVI)(10)Cl](+) on graphite electrodes. One tested FADGDH was that recently discovered in Glomerella cingulata (GcGDH), another was the recombinant form expressed in Pichia pastoris (rGcGDH), and the third was a commercially available glycosylated enzyme from Aspergillus sp. (AspGDH). The performance of the Os-polymer "wired" GDHs on graphite electrodes was tested with glucose as the substrate. Optimal operational conditions and analytical characteristics like sensitivity, linear ranges and current density of the different FADGDHs were determined. The performance of all three types of FADGDHs was studied at physiological conditions (pH 7.4). The current densities measured at a 20 mM glucose concentration were 494 ± 17, 370 ± 24, and 389 ± 19 μA cm(-2) for GcGDH, rGcGDH, and AspGDH, respectively. The sensitivities towards glucose were 2.16, 1.90, and 1.42 μA mM(-1) for GcGDH, rGcGDH, and AspGDH, respectively. Additionally, deglycosylated rGcGDH (dgrGcGDH) was investigated to see whether the reduced glycosylation would have an effect, e.g., a higher current density, which was indeed found. GcGDH/Os-polymer modified electrodes were also used and investigated for their selectivity for a number of different sugars.
Clonogenic hemopoietic precursors in bone marrow transplantation (1987)

Multilineage and single-lineage hemopoietic precursors were studied in 102 bone marrow transplant recipients and their respective donors to determine their contribution to clinical outcome as measured by time to engraftment and survival. The patient population was heterogenous with respect to diagnosis and disease status. They included individuals with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), aplastic anemia, and a few other hematopoietic malignancies. The frequency of various clonogenic precursors in the normal donor population varied considerably. The data yielded a symmetrical distribution. In contrast, most bone marrow transplant recipients presented with significantly reduced numbers of clonogenic cells before transplantation, resulting in skewed distribution profiles. Serial studies of recipients demonstrated a significantly lower than normal level of clonogenic precursors even 3 and 4 years after transplantation. The median values and distribution profiles approximated those observed before transplantation but did not return to measurements obtained for normal donors. Patients with ALL deviated from this pattern. The median values and distribution profiles of clonogenic precursors before transplantation approximated the pattern of normal donors. The frequency of clonogenic progenitors after transplantation, however, remained significantly lower than that of their respective donor or pretransplant values. Cell cycle studies performed after normalization of peripheral blood hematopoietic parameters demonstrated for most recipients that a higher than normal proportion of multipotent cells was in S-phase (P = .011). By univariate and multivariate approaches, clonogenic precursors and clinical parameters were assessed for their contributions to clinical outcome as measured by time to engraftment and survival time. The number of nucleated cells in the transplant inoculum contributed to survival independent of other risk factors. Patients with a higher cell load had a higher probability of surviving than did patients with a lower cell concentration in the transplant inoculum (P = .042). The frequency of clonogenic precursors in the transplant inoculum altered neither survival nor time to engraftment. The time to engraftment was significantly influenced by the frequency of clonogenic megakaryocyte precursors (CFU-M) observed in recipients prior to transplantation (P = .003). Patients with high values engrafted faster than did patients with a low frequency of CFU-M. This was independent of both diagnosis and disease status of the patients at time of transplantation.
Successful Stem Cell Remobilization Using Plerixafor (Mozobil) Plus Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Results from the Plerixafor NHL Phase 3 Study Rescue Protocol (2009)

In a phase 3 multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of 298 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) plus plerixafor increased the proportion of patients who mobilized >or=5 x 10(6) CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)/kg compared with placebo plus G-CSF (P < .001). Patients in either study arm who failed mobilization (< 0.8 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg in 2 collections or <2 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg in 4 collections) were eligible to enter the opened-label rescue protocol. Following a 7-day minimum rest period, these patients received G-CSF (10 microg/kg/day) for 4 days, followed by daily plerixafor (0.24 mg/kg) plus G-CSF and apheresis for up to 4 days. Of the 68 patients failing initial mobilization (plerixafor, n = 11; placebo, n = 57), 62 patients (91%) entered the rescue procedure (plerixafor, n = 10; placebo, n = 52). Four of 10 patients (40%) from the plerixafor group and 33 of 52 (63%) from the placebo group mobilized sufficient CD34(+) cells (>or= 2 x 10(6) cells/kg) for transplantation from the rescue mobilization alone (P = .11). Engraftment of neutrophils (11 days) and platelets (20 days) was similar to that in patients who did not fail initial mobilization, and all patients had durable grafts at the 12-month follow-up. Common plerixafor-related adverse events (AEs) included mild gastrointestinal (GI) effects and injection site reactions. There were no drug-related serious AEs. These data support that plerixafor plus G-CSF can safely and effectively remobilize patients with NHL who have failed previous mobilization.
Effects of Molecular Length on Nematic Mixtures (1981)

Abstract The properties of nematic liquid-crystal mixtures of 4-alkoxyphenyl trans-4-alkylcyclohexane-carboxylates are studied as a function of temperature and their average molecular length (L). Mixtures are prepared with clearpoints near 72° C (±3° C) and with [Lbar] varying between 21.20 and 26.15 Å. At 25° C, their flow viscosity increases exponentially (from 16.3 to 50.6 cP) as [Lbar] increases. The conductivity anisotropy (σ∥/στ) also varies tremendously, decreasing from 1.62 to 0.49 as L increases, when compared at 25° C with tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylboride as dopant. The low values of σ∥/στ and its temperature dependence indicate that cybotatic nematic characteristics occur when the average total number of alkyl carbons from both end groups is 8.5 or more. Short range smectic effects are dominant in the longer mixtures. All of the mixtures have a negative dielectric anisotropy, which linearly becomes less negative with increasing L. At 25° C, dynamic scattering (DS) is observed only in the shorter L mixtures (where σ∥/στ >1), and the DS decay times are relatively fast. Comparisons are made with similar studies on p-alkoxyphenyl p-alkylbenzoate mixtures.
Liquid microstructures at solid interfaces (2000)

The propensity of liquid films to bead off poorly wettable substrates leads to a wide variety of liquid structures via mechanisms which are far from being fully understood. In particular, dewetting via unstable surface waves may be driven at least by dispersion forces, electrostatic forces, or by Marangoni-type transport. A hierarchy of dynamical instabilities finally transforms the initial homogeneous film into the final state, consisting of an ensemble of individual, isolated droplets. While these processes of self-organized structure formation are interesting in themselves, it may also be desirable to generate liquid structures in a more well-defined and predictable way. We have therefore investigated experimentally the behaviour of various liquids on substrates, the wettability of which has been laterally structured. The resulting artificial liquid objects display several remarkable properties, both statically and dynamically. Aside from potential applications as `liquid microchips', it is shown how fundamental quantities can be extracted from the shapes of the liquid surfaces, as determined by scanning force microscopy. The three-phase contact line tensions obtained in this way are in fair agreement with theoretical predictions and might help to resolve long-standing debates on the role of wetting forces on the nanometre scale.
CSMA/CD with Deterministic Contention Resolution (1983)

This paper presents a novel media access protocol CSMA/CD with deterministic contention resolution (DCR) for a local area network. It usually operates as CSMA/CD, but once a collision occurs it resolves the collision using a kind of implicit token passing. An analysis was conducted on DCR performance characteristics based on simulation studies and in comparison to conventional CSMA/CD and implicit token passing. It was found that they were very satisfactory in terms of throughput, message delay, and delay standard deviation, these performance characteristics make DCR attractive as a media access protocol for combined voice and data traffic. It has also been shown that this protocol assures robustness against various kinds of transmission errors and station failures. A prototype of a local area network using this protocol has been developed. It consists of a pair of optical fiber buses to which each station is attached via a pair of directional couplers.
A sensitive time-resolved radiation pyrometer for shock-temperature measurements above 1500 K (1989)

An optical system has been developed which can determine time-resolved temperatures in shocked materials by measuring the spectral radiance of light emitted from shocked solid samples in the visible and near-infrared wavelength range (0.5–1.0 μm). It can measure temperatures as low as 1500 K and has been successfully used to observe shock-induced chemical reactions in powder samples. The high sensitivity of this radiation pyrometer can be attributed to the large angular aperture (0.06 sr), the large bandwidth per channel (up to 0.1 μm), the large photodiode detection areas (1.0 cm2 ), and the small number of calibrated channels (4) among which light is divided. Improved calibration techniques, as well as the layout of the instrument, eliminate certain sources of error encountered in previous shock-temperature experiments. Errors in the measured spectral radiance were reduced by: (1) recalibration before every experiment to account for changes in optical components; (2) direct calibration of voltage recorded at each digitizer to prevent transfer error by an intermediate step; (3) use of a spectral irradiance calibration lamp to exclude errors due to spatial inhomogeneities associated with spectral radiance sources; and (4) obtaining a large spatial average of light at each wavelength from the same portion of the sample to eliminate errors from possible inhomogeneities in the sample. The magnitude each of these errors could previously contribute was 1%–2% of the total signal. Absolute temperature uncertainties, determined from the standard deviation of the measured spectral radiances from the least-squares-fit values, are typically about 5%. Emissivities are poorly constrained by spectral radiance data because of a weak functional dependence, and uncertainties can easily exceed 50% for temperatures of around 2000 K.
Synthesis of Phenylalanines in High Enantiomeric Excess via Enzymatic Resolution (1983)

Synthese de l'ester methylique de la N-acetyl phenyl-alanine et etude de son dedoublement optique a l'aide de la substilisin
Assessing the intrinsic precision of 3D/3D rigid image registration results for patient setup in the absence of a ground truth (2010)

Rigid image registrations have an intrinsic uncertainty and robustness that depends on the imaging modality, the registration algorithm, the image resolution, and the image content. In the absence of an absolute ground truth, the variation in the shifts calculated by several different methods provides a useful estimate of that uncertainty. The difference observed by reversing the source and target images can be used as an indication of robust convergence.
Lentiviral-Mediated Silencing of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase through RNA Interference in Mice (2015)

Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) plays a vital role in the mevalonate pathway and has been shown to be involved in hypertrophy and cardiovascular diseases. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) to knock down a gene of interest has become a promising new tool for the establishment of transgenic animals. The interfering fragment, named pLVT202, was chosen from cardiomyocytes tested in vitro and was microinjected into the perivitelline space of zygotes from C57BL/6J mice via a lentivirus vehicle; 20 were identified as carrying copies of the transgene using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Real-time PCR and western blotting analysis showed that FPPS was downregulated in multiple tissues in the transgenic mice. The transgenic mouse model provides a novel means of studying the gene function of FPPS.
Stimulation Selectivity of the “Thin-Film Longitudinal Intrafascicular Electrode” (tfLIFE) and the “Transverse Intrafascicular Multi-Channel Electrode” (TIME) in the Large Nerve Animal Model (2013)

Neural prostheses are limited by the availability of peripheral neural electrodes to record the user's intention or provide sensory feedback through functional electrical stimulation. Our objective was to compare the ability of the novel “transverse intrafascicular multi-channel electrode” (TIME) and an earlier generation “thin-film longitudinal intrafascicular electrode” (tfLIFE) to selectively stimulate nerve fascicles and activate forelimb muscles in pigs. TIME was designed to access a larger subpopulation of fascicles than tfLIFE and should therefore be able to selectively activate a larger number of muscles. Electrodes were implanted in the median nerve, and sequential electric stimulation was applied to individual contacts. The compound muscle action potentials of seven muscles were recorded to quantify muscle recruitment. As expected, TIME was able to recruit more muscles with higher selectivity than tfLIFE (significant difference when comparing the performance of an entire electrode); a similar activation current was used (no significant difference). Histological analysis revealed that electrodes were located between fascicles, which influenced the selectivity and activation current level. In conclusion, TIME is a viable neural interface for selective activation of multiple fascicles in human-sized nerves that may assist to pave the way for future neuroprosthesis applications.
Practical multi-candidate election system (2001)

The aim of electronic voting schemes is to provide a set of protocols that allow voters to cast ballots while a group of authorities collect the votes and output the final tally. In this paper we describe a practical multi-candidate election scheme that guarantees privacy of voters, public verifiability, and robustness against a coalition of malicious authorities. Furthermore, we address the problem of receipt-freeness and incoercibility of voters. Our new scheme is based on the Paillier cryptosystem and on some related zero-knowledge proof techniques. The voting schemes are very practical and can be efficiently implemented in a real system.
Impact of an Elderspeak In-service Training on Resident Well-being, Self- esteem, and Communication Satisfaction (2010)

reinforce negative stereotypes of aging, deprive older adults of meaningful interactions, and erode their well-being.A brief communication in-service training based on Williams, Kemper, and Hummert (2003) was presented to nursing home staff to replace elderspeak with more helpful communication behaviors.Resident -staff interactions were coded, and impact of the training on -esteem, and well-being was assessed across three time periods.A separate unit of untrained staff and residents served as a comparison group.Significant reductions in the proportion of interactions containing features of elderspeak were observed for the trained staff, along with significant increases in resident satisfaction, well-being, and self-esteem.(1994), is an undesirable yet common speech modification directed at older adults.Also known as patronizing speech (Ryan, Giles, Bartolucci, & Henwood, 1986), or secondary baby talk (Caporael, 1981), elderspeak consists of several characteristic psycholinguistic features, including the use of childish terms (e.g., good girl), over inclusive pronoun our bath), the use of terms of endearment in place of formal names (e.g., sweetie), a higher pitch and slow singsong tone of voice, as well as several other speech adjustments (for a review, see Ryan, Hummert, & Boich, 1995).The primary goal of the present study was to examine if nursing home staff can successfully reduce their use of elderspeak following a brief in-service training, and if so, explore if this reduction will help According to the Communication Predicament Model of Aging (Ryan et al., 1986), elderspeak is problematic because it reinforces stereotypes of aging and reduces opportunities for older adults to engage in more meaningful communication, undermining their well-being and selfconcept (Ryan et al., 1995).Additionally, many components of elderspeak such as reducing sentence length, slowing speech rate, or speaking using a higher pitched voice do not confer communication benefits to older adults, and may actually undermine their confidence in their ability to communicate (Kemper & Harden, 1999).Speech modifications such as increasing pitch and prosody may also be counterproductive, given that the most common form of hearing loss affecting older adults actually reduces
Rapid Live Bacteria Counter Using Cassette-Type Flow Cytometry (2011)

We developed the rapid live bacteria counter (RLBC) with the disposable cassette to count live bacteria rapidly, simply and accurately for the food security. The RLBC has the following features: (1) The RLBC performs automatically following processes in the cassette: removing residues, staining live and dead bacteria and counting live bacteria by flow cytometry techniques. (2) This uses the multi staining to distinguish easily the fluorescence of live bacteria from the different fluorescence of foreign substances. (3)For accurate counting and the cassette breakage prevention , the micro flow-cell for the flow cytometry satisfies following conditions that the coincidence loss of live bacteria is below 0.05 and the pressure drop is below 1×105 Pa. The live bacteria count obtained with the RLBC and the classical cultural method for the test samples are highly correlated (R2 (E-Coli) = 0.97, R2 (Spinach) = 0.96, R2 (Carrot) = 0.91, R2 (Red cabbage) = 0.90).
Lipid−Protein Nanodiscs as Reference Medium in Detergent Screening for High-Resolution NMR Studies of Integral Membrane Proteins (2010)

The choice of a suitable detergent-based membrane mimetic is of crucial importance for high-resolution NMR studies of membrane proteins. The present report describes a new approach of detergent screening. It is based on the comparison of 2D (1)H,(15)N-correlation spectra of a protein in a membrane-bilayer "reference" medium and in "trial" detergent-based environments. The proposed "reference" medium is the lipid-protein nanodisc (LPN) representing nanoscale phospholipid bilayers wrapped around by apolipoprotein A-1. The set of zwitterionic (DPC, DMPC/DHPC), anionic (SDS, LMPG, LPPG), and weakly cationic (LDAO) detergent-based media was screened for their ability to represent the native structure of the isolated voltage-sensing domain (VSD) of the archaeal potassium channel KvAP. The VSD/LPN complexes composed of saturated zwitterionic (DMPC), anionic (DMPG), or a mixture of unsaturated differently charged (POPC/DOPG, 3:1) lipids were used as reference. All assayed detergent media demonstrate similar CD spectra of the domain with a high level (approximately 60%) of overall helicity but different 2D NMR spectra. Using the reference spectrum of the VSD in LPN, we were able to choose the detergent composition in which the membrane-like structure of the VSD is preserved.
Synthesis of phosphoric acid supported on magnetic core–shell nanoparticles: a novel recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for Kabachnik–Fields reaction in water (2014)

In this paper, supported phosphoric acid on silica coated magnetic nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-PA) was synthesized as a new solid acid via the reaction of chloro-functionalized γ-Fe2O3@SiO2 with triethyl phosphite followed by hydrolysis. The synthesized γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-PA was characterized by SEM, HRTEM, BET, FT-IR, TGA, ICP and VSM. It was used as a magnetically recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient one-pot synthesis of α-aminophosphonates through Kabachnik–Fields reaction in water. Good to high yields of α-aminophosphonates showed that γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-PA had strong and sufficient acidic sites, which were responsible for its catalytic performance. More importantly, the catalyst was easily isolated from the reaction mixture by a magnetic bar and reused at least five times without significant degradation in the activity.
XHTML Documents with Inline, Policy-Aware Provenance (2007)

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.
A NEW SECOND-ORDER CONE PROGRAMMING RELAXATION FOR MAX-CUT PROBLEMS (2003)

We propose a new relaxation scheme for the MAX-CUT problem using second-order cone programming. We construct relaxation problems to reflect the structure of the original graph. Numerical experiments show that our relaxation gives better bounds than those based on the spectral decomposition proposed by Kim and Kojima [16], and that the efficiency of the branch-and-bound method using our relaxation is comparable to that using semidefinite relaxation in some cases.
Non-Oxidative Decarboxylation of Glycine Derivatives by a Peroxidase (2002)

Under anaerobic, peroxide-free conditions (pH 5.5, 25 degrees C), horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyzes the rapid, non-oxidatve decarboxylation of N-alkyl-N-phenylglycine derivatives to the corresponding N-alkyl-N-methylanilines in 100% yield. When the reaction is conducted in D2O buffer, the product contains a single deuterium in the methyl group. The reactions are very fast compared to the oxidative decarboxylation of the same substrates under standard peroxidatic conditions (i.e., hydrogen peroxide added, air present) and in fact are inhibited by peroxide and oxygen. To account for these unprecedented observations, we propose a cyclic mechanism in which ferric HRP abstracts an electron from the substrate, giving an aminium ion intermediate that decarboxylates; protonation of the resulting alpha-aminoradical on carbon gives an aminium ion that is reduced by ferrous HRP to complete the cycle.
A SIMPLE METHOD FOR MEASURING THE CARBONATE CONTENT OF SOILS (2005)

The traditional measurement of the carbonate content of soils with the Scheibler apparatus is slow and labor intensive. Our objective was to develop a relatively simple and accurate method. The pressure calcimeter principle was used; the pressure change caused by the reaction between HCl and a weighed soil sample was measured with a digital plunge‐in manometer through a silicone‐rubber septum placed on a screw‐capped tube. The method was calibrated with pure CaCO 3 The correlation between the measured and weighed amounts was excellent ( r 2 = 0.999). The carbonate content of a natural soil sample was measured 10 times; the coefficient of variation was 1.9%. Ten ISE (International Soil‐Analytical Exchange) samples were analyzed with this method which contained a carbonate content of 3 to 170 g kg −1 Satisfactory results were obtained, indicating the suitability of the proposed method for practical purposes.