gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Programmable scanning correlator (1987)

We have recently described an optically scanning correlator using a rotating grating. 1 We now report a real-time programmable optical correlator using an addressable liquid crystal television (LCTV). We show that the angular orientation and spatial carrier frequency of the grating can be implemented with an LCTV controlled by a microcomputer. To alleviate the inherent carrier frequency of the LCTV, the spectra of the grating should be optically enlarged so that the spacing between the different orders is adequately separated. By varying the angular orientation and the spatial frequency of the grating, which was written into the LCTV, a mass complex spatial filter can be synthesized. Thus a real-time large capacity electronically addressable optically scanning correlator can be constructed.
Conditioned Medium from Horse Amniotic Membrane-Derived Multipotent Progenitor Cells: Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and First Clinical Application in Tendon and Ligament Injuries In Vivo (2013)

We have recently demonstrated that heterologous transplantation of horse amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal cells (AMCs) can be useful for cell therapy applications in tendon diseases, and hypothesized that these cells may promote tendon repair via paracrine-acting molecules targeting inflammatory processes. To test this hypothesis, here we examined the immunomodulatory characteristics of AMCs and of their conditioned medium (AMC-CM) in vitro, and studied the potential therapeutic effect of AMC-CM in thirteen different spontaneous horse tendon and ligament injuries in vivo. Our results demonstrate that AMCs are capable of inhibiting peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation after allogenic stimulation either when cocultured in cell-to-cell contact, or when the two cell types are physically separated by a transwell membrane, suggesting that soluble factors are implicated in this phenomenon. Our hypothesis is further supported by the demonstration that PBMC proliferation is inhibited by AMC-CM. In our in vivo studies, no significant adverse effects were observed in treated tendons, and clinical and ultrasonographical evaluation did not reveal evidence of inappropriate tissue or tumor formation. Clinical outcomes were favorable and the significantly lower rate (15.38%) of reinjuries observed compared to untreated animals, suggests that treatment with AMC-CM is very efficacious. In conclusion, this study identifies AMC-CM as a novel therapeutic biological cell-free product for treating horse tendon and ligament diseases.
G20210A Mutation in Prothrombin Gene and Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Venous Thrombosis in a Large Cohort of US Men (1999)

In a large cohort of US men, the G20210A prothrombin gene variant was not associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction or stroke. For venous thrombosis, risk estimates associated with the G20210A mutation were smaller in magnitude than risk estimates associated with factor V Leiden.
Differential expression of VEGF121, VEGF165 and VEGF189 in angiomas and squamous cell carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck. (2010)

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) is one of the major regulators of angiogenesis. It plays an important role during the process of physiological and pathological neovascularization. Variant VEGF isoforms are generated as a result of alternative pre-mRNA splicing. To determine the expression of VEGF isoforms in angioma and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), both being dependent on pathological neovascularization, we included 11 HNSCC cell lines, 4 hemangiomas and 5 vascular malformations (VMs) in the study. Tonsil mucosa served as normal control. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) sequencing, the VEGF isoforms VEGF(189), VEGF(165) and VEGF(121) were regularly detected in all tested samples. VEGF(121) was the most abundant isoform in all tested tissues, whereas VEGF(165) exhibited lower levels, and VEGF(189) only very small amounts of transcript. Interestingly, VMs expressed significantly higher (p=0.0286) amounts of VEGF(121) compared with hemangiomas, which had levels similar to normal control mucosa. HNSCC cell lines demonstrated on-average higher levels of all three isoforms compared with the controls. Consistent with the clinical staging, a trend for VEGF overexpression was observed in tumor cells derived from N+ tumors compared to those derived from N0 tumors. One drawback of this study was the small number of specimens available, particularly since VMs and hemangiomas are relatively rare diseases. Future studies need to follow-up on these observations and further evaluate the potential role of specific VEGF isoforms in the pathogenesis of hemangioma and VM.
Comparison of Ribotyping, Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in Typing of <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> and <i>L. casei</i> Strains (1999)

A total of 24 strains, biochemically identified as members of the Lactobacillus casei group, were identified by PCR with species-specific primers. The same set of strains was typed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, ribotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in order to compare the discriminatory power of the methods. Species-specific primers for L. rhamnosus and L. casei identified the type strain L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 and the neotype strain L. casei ATCC 334, respectively, but did not give any signal with the recently revived species L. zeae, which contains the type strain ATCC 15820 and the strain ATCC 393, which was previously classified as L. casei. Our results are in accordance with the suggested new classification of the L. casei group. Altogether, 21 of the 24 strains studied were identified with the species-specific primers. In strain typing, PFGE was the most discriminatory method, revealing 17 genotypes for the 24 strains studied. Ribotyping and RAPD analysis yielded 15 and 12 genotypes, respectively.
Diels Alder reactions of cycloalkenones. 11. Regioselectivity of 2-cyclohexenones (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiels Alder reactions of cycloalkenones. 11. Regioselectivity of 2-cyclohexenonesE. Charles Angell, Francesco Fringuelli, Lucio Minuti, Ferdinando Pizzo, Aldo Taticchi, and Ernest WenkertCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 26, 5177–5182Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00376a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00376a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views268Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genetics of galactose utilisation via the Leloir pathway in lactic acid bacteria (1998)

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used in industrial dairy fermentations mainly for the conversion of lactose into lactic acid. While the glucose moiety of lactose is metabolised via the well-known glycolysis, two distinct pathways, the tagatose-6P pathway or the Leloir pathway, can be used for degradation of the galactose moiety. The Leloir pathway enzymes include galactokinase (GaIK), galactose-l P uridylyltransferase (GaIT) and UDP-galactose 4-epimerase (GaiE) which are responsible for the conversion of galactose to glucose-l P. Several of these enzymes have been characterised in different LAB. They are chromosomally encoded and their genes are organized in clusters. Here, we present and discuss the characteristics of the gal gene clusters of several LAB including Lactococcus lactis, Leuconostoc lactis, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus casei and Streptococcus thermophilus. Whereas the degree of identity between the deduced primary sequences of the described Leloir pathway enzymes is very high, the genomic organisation of the clusters together with their mechanisms of regulation are variable and species-specific. Studies of the different factors involved in the control of lactose and galactose utilisation in these LAB will allow the development of new strategies to engineer their efficient utilisation in industrial dairy fermentations. © InralElsevier, Paris.
Power Spectrum of a Digital, Frequency-Modulation Signal (1975)

We present the power spectrum of a sinusoidal carrier, frequency modulated by a random baseband pulse train in which the signaling-pulse duration is finite and the signal pulses may overlap and have different shapes. Symbols transmitted during different time slots are assumed to be statistically independent and identically distributed. The spectral density appears as a Hermitian form suitable for numerical computation by a digital computer. Simple conditions in terms of the modulation parameters are given under which discrete spectral lines are present in the spectrum. Several examples are given to illustrate the method.
“Low-Carbohydrate” Food Facts and Fallacies (2004)

Ten years ago, weight-conscious Americans jumped on the fat-free bandwagon. Supermarket shelves were replete with products touting “reduced-fat” and “fat-free” labels, which implied that these products were healthier and lower-calorie alternatives to standard “high-fat” fare. Yet, in the same 10-year time interval, Americans have continued to struggle with ever-expanding waistlines, gaining an average of 1 lb/year.1 The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has risen simultaneously.2

Thirty-eight percent of our population is currently attempting to lose weight.3 The latest trend in the highly lucrative, yet often fickle, diet industry is a resurgence of low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat diets. Findings of a February 2004 survey by A.C. Nielsen, a leading market information company, revealed that 17.2% of households included someone on a low-carbohydrate diet. Slightly more, 19.2%, included someone who had tried a low-carb diet but had quit.4 This current diet trend directly counters the decade-old focus on low-fat diets and implicates carbohydrates as the culprit in America's obesity problem.

In response to the low-carb resurgence, food manufacturers have rapidly revised food products and package claims to seemingly reduce the carbohydrate content of their products and increase consumer demand for them. Restaurant menus have incorporated purportedly low-carb entrees to accommodate demand for low-carb meals away from home. Aggressive marketing schemes imply that these products are healthier alternatives to standard high-carb fare and that they promote weight loss. For individuals with diabetes who are counting carbohydrates or attempting to lose weight, the current marketplace can be a source of a great deal of misinformation, cause considerable confusion, and possibly affect glycemic control.

Many food manufacturers have created their own terminology for carbohydrate content that they claim has minimal effect on blood glucose. They suggest that consumers subtract carbohydrate contributed from sugar alcohols, fiber, and glycerin from the total carbohydrate value …
Integrative data mining: the new direction in bioinformatics (2001)

Biological research is becoming increasingly database driven, motivated, in part, by the advent of large-scale functional genomics and proteomics experiments such as those comprehensively measuring gene expression. These provide a wealth of information on each of the thousands of proteins encoded by a genome. Consequently, a challenge in bioinformatics is integrating databases to connect this disparate information as well as performing large-scale studies to collectively analyze many different data sets. This approach represents a paradigm shift away from traditional single-gene biology, and it often involves statistical analyses focusing on the occurrence of particular features (e.g., folds, functions, interactions, pseudogenes, or localization) in a large population of proteins. Moreover, the explicit application of machine learning techniques can be used to discover trends and patterns in the underlying data. In this article, we give several examples of these techniques in a genomic context: clustering methods to organize microarray expression data, support vector machines to predict protein function, Bayesian networks to predict subcellular localization, and decision trees to optimize target selection for high-throughput proteomics.
Disabling <i>c-Myc</i> in Childhood Medulloblastoma and Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Cells by the Potent G-Quadruplex Interactive Agent S2T1-6OTD (2010)

We investigated here the effects of S2T1-6OTD, a novel telomestatin derivative that is synthesized to target G-quadruplex-forming DNA sequences, on a representative panel of human medulloblastoma (MB) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid (AT/RT) childhood brain cancer cell lines. S2T1-6OTD proved to be a potent c-Myc inhibitor through its high-affinity physical interaction with the G-quadruplex structure in the c-Myc promoter. Treatment with S2T1-6OTD reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of c-Myc and hTERT, which is transcriptionally regulated by c-Myc, and decreased the activities of both genes. In remarkable contrast to control cells, short-term (72-hour) treatment with S2T1-6OTD resulted in a dose- and time-dependent antiproliferative effect in all MB and AT/RT brain tumor cell lines tested (IC(50), 0.25-0.39 micromol/L). Under conditions where inhibition of both proliferation and c-Myc activity was observed, S2T1-6OTD treatment decreased the protein expression of the cell cycle activator cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and induced cell cycle arrest. Long-term treatment (5 weeks) with nontoxic concentrations of S2T1-6OTD resulted in a time-dependent (mainly c-Myc-dependent) telomere shortening. This was accompanied by cell growth arrest starting on day 28 followed by cell senescence and induction of apoptosis on day 35 in all of the five cell lines investigated. On in vivo animal testing, S2T1-6OTD may well represent a novel therapeutic strategy for childhood brain tumors.
Discrimination and tracking of individual agents in a swarm of robots (2010)

Multi-agent robotic systems utilizing one-to-one communication between individuals necessarily require that each robot has a unique identity, such that shared information is appropriately utilized. When used with a central computer and external vision system, various methods may be used to identify individuals, including unique patterns. This requires a priori knowledge of the patterns, while taxing the vision system. Such methods are discussed along with their limitations. An alternative method is proposed to alleviate the strain on the vision system, eliminating the need for prior knowledge of individual patterns.
Influence of Heave Plate Geometry on the Heave Response of Classic Spars (2002)

A production spar designed for West African (WA) offshore conditions must consider possible resonance with long period swell, which might result in large amplitude heave oscillations. Preliminary study of a classic spar with diameter of 39 m (128 ft) and draft 198 m (650 ft) for a WA application led the authors to believe that excessive heave response of 5.2 m (17 ft) may occur at the natural period of 28 seconds. This led the team to investigate the possibility of adding a heave plate (circular disk) at the base of the spar to control the response to within 3.1 m (10 ft), which is the limit set by a typical compensation system. Important design issues arose with regards to the geometry of the plate, i.e. diameter and thickness. Numerical simulations and model testing were used to identify the influence of a heave plate on the heave response of the spar. Heave response for various diameters and thickness were investigated. Comparison of added mass and damping values were found to be in reasonable agreement. Issues such as effect of a centerwell and moorings, plate cutouts for ease of transportation were also investigated. Discussion of the experimental results and comparison with numerical simulations are presented in this paper, and some recommendations are made on optimum heave plate geometry.
Pharmacological properties of a potent neuroleptic drug octoclothepin. (1980)

Octoclothepin, 8-chloro-1-(4-methylpiperazino)-10,11-dihydrodibenzo (b,f) thiepin, is a very potent neuroleptic drug with pronounced central antidopaminergic and antiserotonin actions. In most animal experiments, its plharmacological profile resembles that of perphenazine. Octoclothepin reveals an intensive central depressant action in a series of observational and instrumental procedures in rodents. Its active oral doses are within the range of 0.54 to 2.2 mg kg-1 in mice and of 0.1 to 4.8 mg kg-1 in rats. Octoclothepin possesses high cataleptogenic and anti-apomorphine activities in rats; it is able to exert full protection against apomorphine-induced emesis in dogs after the dose of 0.1 mg kg-1 s.c. Octoclothepin reduces some actions and toxicity of d,l-amphetamine and phenmetrazine in rodents. In the rat corpus striatum, octoclothepin in doses of 0.5 and d1.5 mg kg-1 s.c. reduces the DA level and raises the HVA and DOPAC levels significantly. Octoclothepin has antihistamine, antiserotonin and antianaphylactoid actions, it exhibits a high protection against the lethal action of adrenaline and noradrenaline in mice and rats, respectively. Acute toxicological data in mice, rats, rabbits and dogs are given. Clinical antipsychotic effectiveness of octoclothepin has been verified in a large population of psychiatric patients.
Hydrogel Doped with Nanoparticles for Local Sustained Release of siRNA in Breast Cancer (2014)

Of all the much hyped and pricy cancer drugs, the benefits from the promising siRNA small molecule drugs are limited. Lack of efficient delivery vehicles that would release the drug locally, protect it from degradation, and ensure high transfection efficiency, precludes it from fulfilling its full potential. This work presents a novel platform for local and sustained delivery of siRNA with high transfection efficiencies both in vitro and in vivo in a breast cancer mice model. siRNA protection and high transfection efficiency are enabled by their encapsulation in oligopeptide-terminated poly(β-aminoester) (pBAE) nanoparticles. Sustained delivery of the siRNA is achieved by the enhanced stability of the nanoparticles when embedded in a hydrogel scaffold based on polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer cross-linked with dextran aldehyde. The combination of oligopeptide-terminated pBAE polymers and biodegradable hydrogels shows improved transfection efficiency in vivo even when compared with the most potent commercially available transfection reagents. These results highlight the advantage of using composite materials for successful delivery of these highly promising small molecules to combat cancer.
Release of proteinases from stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (1991)

The secretion of matrix-degrading proteinases and protein components involved in the production of cytotoxic metabolites is an important step in the sequence of defense reactions executed by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) in response to stimulation. In the present report, we have analyzed degranulation of PMNL stimulated either with soluble synthetic peptides fLeu-Phe (fMet, formylmethionyl), or fAhx-Leu-Phe-Ahx-Tyr-Phe (Ahx, aminohexyl) which trigger chemotaxis and degranulation, or with opsonized zymosan which induces phagocytosis. The release of elastase, myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin-containing granules was not at all or only slightly (less than 6%) induced either by fAhx-Leu-Phe-Ahx-Tyr-Leu or by zymosan particles. In contrast, type-I collagenase and gelatinase were secreted in significant amounts after treatment with these agents. The disruption of microfilaments by cytochalasin B and subsequent stimulation of PMNL with the formyl-peptide led to the secretion of elastase, myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin, and enhanced the release of gelatinase. Disruption of microtubules by incubation with colcemid resulted in inhibition of fAhx-Leu-Phe-Ahx-Thyr-Leu and fAhx-Leu-Phe-Ahx-Tyr-Leu/cytochalasin-B-induced granule release. Furthermore, we found different patterns of enzyme distribution after fractionation by centrifugation: most (greater than 90%) type-I collagenase and gelatinase was measured in the supernatant whereas 60-90% of elastase, myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin had partitioned into the cytoskeleton-containing pellet. Our results suggest that the two main types of secretory vesicles identified in PMNL (specific and azurophilic granules) consist of subpopulations. The differential association of the various types of granules with cytoskeletal elements may serve to control their sequential discharge.
Total colectomy combined laparoscopy (2000)

AbstractThe advantages of laparoscopic surgery have been reported to result in an earlier recovery of the bowel movement, compared with conventional procedures. We describe 12 prospective cases of total colectomy combined laparoscopy for familial adenomatous polyposis and ulcerative colitis, conducted between July 1994 and December 1998. No intra-operative complications were encountered in this series. The mean operative time was 282 min (range, 169-420 min) and the mean volume of operative blood loss was 321 mL (range, 52-728 mL). Nasogastric tubes were removed after 1.2 postoperative days and the mean time to passage of stool was 1.9 days (range, 1-3 days). Total colectomy combined laparoscopy proved to be a one-stage restorative procedure, without a temporary ileostoma, due to early recovery of the intestine.Key Words: total colectomylaparoscopy
<title>Detection and orientation classifier for the VIGILANTE image processing system</title> (1997)

VIGILANTE is an automated recognition and tracking system that closely integrates a sensing platform with a very large processing capability (over 2 TeraOPS). The architecture currently consists of an optical bench with multiple sensors, a large parallel analog pre-processor, and a digital 512 processor, parallel machine. Preliminary results on target detection and orientation are presented for an algorithm that is suitable for the VIGILANTE architecture. The technique makes use of eigenvectors calculated from image blocks (size 32 X 32) drawn from video sequences containing rocket targets. The eigenvectors are used to reduce the dimensionality of frame-lets (size 32 X 32) from the larger sensor images. These frame-lets are projected on to the eigenvectors and the resultant values are then used as an input pattern to a feed forward neural network classifier. A description and evaluation of this algorithm (including precision limitation) with respect to VIGILANTE is provided. Experiments using this technique have generated near 99target and non-target images and close to 97% identification of the rocket type.