gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Le<sup>y</sup> antigen expression is correlated with apoptosis (programmed cell death) (1993)

Apoptosis (programmed cell death) is a basic physiological process which determines specific patterns of tissue size and shape, and balance of cell number, during morphogenesis, and seems to play an integral role in oncogenic progression. Since dramatic changes of cellular glycosylation pattern are well known to be closely correlated with differentiation, development and oncogenesis, it is likely that similar specific changes are associated with apoptosis. However, this possibility has not been systematically investigated. We therefore carried out histological studies of many tumours and normal tissues for which a high incidence of apoptosis is believed to occur. Sections were stained with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) directed to carbohydrate antigens Le(y) and Le(x), proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Fas (previously claimed to be an apoptosis-inducing antigen). Antibody staining patterns were compared with morphological cell characteristics as revealed by haematoxylin/eosin staining, and DNA fragmentation patterns (a marker of apoptosis) as revealed by 3'-OH nick-end labelling technique. We found that expression of Le(y) (defined by MoAb BM1) is closely correlated with the process of apoptosis, but not with cell proliferation or necrosis. Within Le(y)-positive areas of tissue sections, typical apoptotic morphological changes and DNA fragmentation (as revealed by positive nick-end labelling) were frequently observed in certain loci, although not all Le(y)-positive cells showed such signs of apoptosis. Le(y)-positive areas showed consistent negative staining by MoAb directed to PCNA and negative or weak staining by MoAb directed to Fas antigen, regardless of tissue source. No such trends were observed for Le(x) glycosylation. We conclude that Le(y) expression is a useful phenotypic marker predictive of apoptosis, i.e. some (although not all) Le(y)-positive cells subsequently become apoptotic.
Biomimetic wet-stable fibres via wet spinning and diacid-based crosslinking of collagen triple helices (2015)

One of the limitations of electrospun collagen as bone-like fibrous structure is the potential collagen triple helix denaturation in the fibre state and the corresponding inadequate wet stability even after crosslinking. Here, we have demonstrated the feasibility of accomplishing wet-stable fibres by wet spinning and diacid-based crosslinking of collagen triple helices, whereby fibre ability to act as bone-mimicking mineralisation system has also been explored. Circular dichroism (CD) demonstrated nearly complete triple helix retention in resulting wet-spun fibres, and the corresponding chemically crosslinked fibres successfully preserved their fibrous morphology following 1-week incubation in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The presented novel diacid-based crosslinking route imparted superior tensile modulus and strength to the resulting fibres indicating that covalent functionalization of distant collagen molecules is unlikely to be accomplished by current state-of-the-art carbodiimide-based crosslinking. To mimic the constituents of natural bone extra cellular matrix (ECM), the crosslinked fibres were coated with carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) through biomimetic precipitation, resulting in an attractive biomaterial for guided bone regeneration (GBR), e.g. in bony defects of the maxillofacial region.
Protein engineering to improve the thermostability of glucoamylase from Aspergillus awamori based on molecular dynamics simulations (2003)

Twelve mutations were constructed to improve the thermostability of glucoamylase from Aspergillus awamori based on the results of molecular dynamics simulations. The thermal unfolding of the catalytic domain followed a putative hierarchical behavior. In addition, the unfolding of the 13 alpha-helices obeyed the random ordered mechanism, in which the alpha-helices 8, 1 and 11 unfolded more rapidly than the others. The catalytic center was well protected by the (alpha/alpha)(6)-barrel at simulation temperatures up to 600 K, whereas the catalytic base, E400, migrated from its original interior pocket to the surface of the catalytic domain by surmounting the hydrophobic barrier provided by alpha-helices 12 and 13 at 800 K. The disulfide bonds engineered to 'lock' the alpha-helix 11 on the surface of the catalytic domain dramatically increased the thermostability. Substituting G396 and G407 with Ala residues slightly increased the thermostability, whereas their specific activity and catalytic efficiency were reduced. This indicates that the introduced residues with higher hydrophobicity were favorable in the loop between alpha-helices 12 and 13, whereas they partially destroyed the hydrogen bond and salt linkage network in the catalytic center. Alpha-helices 12 and 13 can be stabilized by introducing residues with higher hydrophobicity, except for the H391M mutation.
CryptoScan: A Secured Scan Chain Architecture (2005)

Scan based testing is a powerful and popular test technique. However the scan chain can be used by an attacker to decipher the cryptogram. The present paper shows such a side-channel attack on LFSR-based stream ciphers using scan chains. The paper subsequently discusses a strategy to build the scan chains in a tree based pattern with a selfchecking compactor. It has been shown that such a structure prevents such scan based attacks but does not compromise on fault coverage.
Switching of the Relative Dominance Between Feedback Mechanisms in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced NF-κB Signaling (2014)

A fundamental goal in biology is to gain a quantitative understanding of how appropriate cell responses are achieved amid conflicting signals that work in parallel. Through live, single-cell imaging, we monitored both the dynamics of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling and inflammatory cytokine transcription in macrophages exposed to the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our analysis revealed a previously uncharacterized positive feedback loop involving induction of the expression of Rela, which encodes the RelA (p65) NF-κB subunit. This positive feedback loop rewired the regulatory network when cells were exposed to LPS above a distinct concentration. Paradoxically, this rewiring of NF-κB signaling in macrophages (a myeloid cell type) required the transcription factor Ikaros, which promotes the development of lymphoid cells. Mathematical modeling and experimental validation showed that the RelA positive feedback overcame existing negative feedback loops and enabled cells to discriminate between different concentrations of LPS to mount an effective innate immune response only at higher concentrations. We suggest that this switching in the relative dominance of feedback loops ("feedback dominance switching") may be a general mechanism in immune cells to integrate opposing feedback on a key transcriptional regulator and to set a response threshold for the host.
The First Two Years of Full-Scale Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) Operation Treating High-Strength Industrial Wastewater (2011)

The anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) incorporates anaerobic digestion and membrane filtration in one process to form an innovative technology for treating high-strength industrial wastewater. The first AnMBR installation in North America, also known as the largest AnMBR installation in the world, was built at Ken's Foods in Massachusetts, USA. Ken's Foods existing anaerobic process was upgraded to AnMBR in July 2008 to treat raw wastewater from the production of salad dressings and barbeque sauces. The system was converted to AnMBR due to lack of space, positive economics, and the ability to provide additional capacity for flow and organic load beyond the original anaerobic system design parameters. This AnMBR system has a design influent flow rate of 475 m3/d with 39,000 mg/l COD, 18,000 mg/l BOD, and 12,000 mg/l TSS. The AnMBR system consistently produces a high quality effluent with non-detectable TSS concentrations and average COD and BOD concentrations of 210 and 20 mg/l, with removals of 99.4 and 99.9 percent, respectively. The AnMBR system provides superior performance and a very low rate of membrane fouling with the aid of biogas scour across the membrane surface. The first 20 months of AnMBR operating expenses were reduced by 50 compared to the prior 12-month fiscal period due to increased system capacity, ability to treat wastewater with higher biomass, and elimination of the need to dewater and dispose of dewatered solids.
Soluble syndecan-1 levels in different plasma cell dyscrasias and in different stages of multiple myeloma. (2004)

We measured serum levels of syndecan-1 in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), solitary plasmocytoma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). We then studied serum syndecan-1 levels in MM patients stratified by the Durie-Salmon staging system and the correlation of syndecan-1 levels with well known independent prognostic factors of MM.
Diffusion of hydrocarbons in polyethylene (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffusion of hydrocarbons in polyethyleneShain J. Doong and W. S. Winston HoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1992, 31, 4, 1050–1060Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00004a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00004a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views289Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nanomaterials for sensors (2007)

Publications of the last five years dealing with nanometerials used as sensors for determination of gases are analysed. Features of the production of chemoresistive nanoselective sensors based on semiconductor oxides, carbon tubes and polyaniline are noted. The main applications of gas sensors are considered. The prospects of using quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterials such as nanorods, nanotubes, and nanoribbons as materials for sensor devices are discussed.
Development of a device for real‐time light‐guided vocal fold injection: A preliminary report (2015)

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Artificial neural networks in diagnosis of thyroid function from in vitro laboratory tests (1993)

We studied the potential benefit of using artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the diagnosis of thyroid function. We examined two types of ANN architecture and assessed their robustness in the face of diagnostic noise. The thyroid function data we used had previously been studied by multivariate statistical methods and a variety of pattern-recognition techniques. The total data set comprised 392 cases that had been classified according to both thyroid function and 19 clinical categories. All cases had a complete set of results of six laboratory tests (total thyroxine, free thyroxine, triiodothyronine, triiodothyronine uptake test, thyrotropin, and thyroxine-binding globulin). This data set was divided into subsets used for training the networks and for testing their performance; the test subsets contained various proportions of cases with diagnostic noise to mimic real-life diagnostic situations. The networks studied were a multilayer perceptron trained by back-propagation, and a learning vector quantization network. The training data subsets were selected according to two strategies: either training data based on cases with extreme values for the laboratory tests with randomly selected nonextreme cases added, or training cases from very pure functional groups. Both network architectures were efficient irrespective of the type of training data. The correct allocation of cases in test data subsets was 96.4-99.7% when extreme values were used for training and 92.7-98.8% when only pure cases were used.
The role of cellular transcription factor E2F in the regulation of cdc2 mRNA expression and cell cycle control of human hematopoietic cells (1994)

cdc2 mRNA transcripts were detected in immature bone marrow cells and became undetectable along with differentiation. Peripheral blood resting cells did not express cdc2 mRNA, but it was induced in T-lymphocytes when the cells reentered the cell cycle in response to specific mitogens. In contrast, cdc2 mRNA could not be induced in granulocytes and monocytes even after the culture with the appropriate stimulants. In order to investigate the mechanism of the regulation of cdc2 mRNA expression in hematopoietic cells, we isolated the 5'-flanking sequence of the cdc2 gene and found the putative E2F binding site at the position of nucleotides -124 to -117. The binding of E2F at this region was detected by a gel-retardation assay and DNaseI footprinting in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated T-lymphocytes, which was coincident with the expression of cdc2 mRNA. E2F binding was not observed in both granulocytes and monocytes. Transient chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay revealed that the region containing E2F binding site had a strong promoter activity, and introduction of the mutation at the E2F binding site resulted in a significant loss of the activity. E2F-1 and DP-1 mRNAs were not detectable in granulocytes, monocytes and resting T-lymphocytes but were induced after the mitogenic stimulation of T-lymphocytes. The induction of E2F activity preceded the appearance of cdc2 mRNA, which is consistent with the role of E2F in the regulation of cdc2 mRNA expression. These results suggest that cdc2 mRNA expression is related to the cell cycling of normal human hematopoietic cells and that E2F plays some roles in the regulation of its expression.
Thermoelectric Application for Power Generation in Japan (2010)

Thermoelectric power generation technology has been recognized to contribute to the realization of environment-friendly society all over the world in the future. Present status and future prospects on the thermoelectric power generation technology in Japan are overviewed. The thermoelectric applications for power generation have been mainly considered to be one of the waste heat recovery systems from industrial, private, and transportation sectors in the Japanese energy system. Such activities have been in progress in Japan. Then, several demonstration system tests and feasibility study have been achieved using practical heat sources such as industrial furnaces, motorcycles, solid waste incinerators, and solar thermal systems have been achieved mainly by private companies. Several topics of experimental results on advanced modules based on layered oxides, Heusler alloys, filled Skutterudites for power generation from the view points from environment-friendly and nanostrucuture approach are included. In the future prospects the recent R&D projects of advanced materials for thermoelectric power generation technology and the commercialization of thermoelectric power generation applications are discussed.
Processing and Characterization of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (2009)

Polymeric materials reinforced with synthetic fibres such as glass, carbon, and aramid provide advantages of high stiffness and strength to weight ratio as compared to
conventional construction materials, i.e. wood, concrete, and steel. Despite these advantages, the widespread use of synthetic fibre-reinforced polymer composite has a
tendency to decline because of their high-initial costs, their use in non-efficient structural forms and most importantly their adverse environmental impact. On the other hand, the increase interest in using natural .bres as reinforcement in plastics to substitute conventional synthetic fibres in some structural applications has become one of the main concerns to study the potential of using natural fibres as reinforcement for polymers. In the light of this, researchers have focused their attention on natural fibre composite (i.e. bio-composites) which are composed of natural or synthetic resins, reinforced with natural fibres. Accordingly, manufacturing of high-performance engineering materials from renewable resources has been pursued by researchers across the world owning to renewable raw materials are environmentally sound and do not cause health problem. The present work includes the processing, characterization of coconut fiber reinforced epoxy composites. . It further outlines a methodology based on Taguchi’s experimental design approach to make a parametric analysis of erosion wear behaviour. The systematic experimentation leads to determination of significant process parameters and material variables that predominantly influence the wear rate.
Stoichiometry of diauxic growth of a xylanase-producing<i>Bacillus</i>strain (2000)

In this work, the establishment of material balances and stoichiometry of the growth of Bacillus sp. was undertaken. This strain produces high quantities of a xylanase suitable for use as bleach boost agent in chlorine-free bleaching sequences of paper pulp. As carbon dioxide plays an important role as a growth factor, bacterial growth in two fermentations, one fed with air and another fed with carbon-dioxide-enriched air, were compared. For this purpose, a method permitting the determination of the consumption of the two carbon sources, xylan and peptone, was proposed. The material balances revealed that in both cases, the bacteria first use peptone as their carbon source, and then xylan in the second part of the growth phase. The aerated culture showed diauxic growth on these two substrates, whereas carbon-dioxide-enriched air caused disappearance of the metabolic adaptation phase, and rendered biomass production more economic. The fermentation fed with air needed 30% more xylan than the fermentation fed with carbon-dioxide-enriched air for the same quantity of biomass produced.
Thermistor Hypodermic Needle for Subcutaneous Temperature Measurement (1956)

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[Effect of dopamine on local cortical blood flow and somatosensory evoked potential in acute stage of cerebral ischemia--basic study]. (1984)

1) As to change of systemic arterial pressure during administration of dopamine (Fig. 2) Systolic systemic arterial pressure was significantly increased at doses of dopamine of 25 and 65 gamma compared to the value obtained before initiation of dopamine injection. There was nearly no increase in mean systemic arterial pressure at doses of 5 and 10 gamma and mean systemic arterial pressure increased by 5 to 15 mmHg at doses of 20, 30 and 25 gamma, without significant increase compared to the value before start of dopamine administration. Pulse rate became significantly wider at doses of 10, 20, 30, 25 and 65 gamma. 2) As to increase of local cortical blood flow (CBF) during dopamine injection (Fig. 3, 5) CBF increased at doses of dopamine of 5, 10, 20, 30, 25 and 65 gamma compared to the one before dopamine injection. However, degree of increase of blood flow was not significant. 3) As to recovery of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) during administration of dopamine (Fig. 4, 6) SEP was recovered at doses of dopamine of 5, 10, 20, 30, 25 and 65 gamma. Degree of recovery of SEP was significant at doses of 5, 20, 30 and 25 gamma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Amino Acid Sequence of Wood Duck Lysozyme (1999)

The amino acid sequence of wood duck (Aix sponsa) lysozyme was analyzed. Carboxymethylated lysozyme was digested with trypsin and the resulting peptides were sequenced. The established amino acid sequence had the highest similarity to duck III lysozyme with four amino acid substitutions, and had eighteen amino acid substitutions from chicken lysozyme. The valine at position 75 was newly detected in chicken-type lysozymes. In the active site, Tyr34 and Glu57 were found at subsites F and D, respectively, when compared with chicken lysozyme.
Design of Sterically Demanding, Electron-Rich Carbene Ligands with the Perimidine Scaffold (2007)

A family of N,N‘-disubstituted perimidinium cation salts were employed as precursors to persistent monomeric carbenes with novel molecular architectures and electronic structures. Depending on the substituents, reaction of these 1,3-disubstituted perimidinium cations with LiN(SiMe3)2 led either to deprotonation and generation of new carbenes or to enetetramines. In addition to spectroscopic characterization, crystallographic analysis of C10H6(iPrN)2C (10), C10H6(iPrN)(Me3CCH2N)C (11), {C10H6[N(3,5-Me2C6H3)]2C}2 (13), and C10H6(iPrN)(3,5-Me2C6H3N)C (14) definitively confirmed the nature of these species. The mixed benzyl/cycloheptyl-substituted carbene C10H6(cyclo-C7H13N)(p-MeC6H4CH2N)C (17) was observed to undergo dimerization upon heating to yield both cis and trans isomers of the enetetramine {C10H6(cyclo-C7H13N)(p-MeC6H4CH2N)C}2, (17)2. Rhodium complexes of these perimidine-based carbenes were accessed via reactions with either monomeric carbene or enetetramine. Spectroscopic and crystallographic analysis of these rhodium−carbene complexes revealed the sterically demanding nature of the carbene ligands, which is manifested in the observation of hindered Rh−Ccarbene bond rotation and through %Vbur measurements, and their exceptional electron-donating ability.
The agile panel (2005)

Any ordinary panel member on an ordinary panel can sit up front and spout the same old stuff. The panelists for this event must be agile in the strictest sense of the word. Why? Because they will be asked to take a random position in response to questions from both the moderators and the audience. They must present their arguments in a timed two-minute speech or present a rebuttal of the initial points in the same restricted two-minute interval. The assignment to the position will be made by the moderators. Don't miss this one.
A TCP-friendly traffic marker for IP differentiated services (2002)

The differentiated services architecture allows the provision of "better-than-best-effort" services in the Internet. However the performance of legacy TCP applications over differentiated services is still influenced by bursty packet loss behavior. This paper proposes the use of TCP-friendly building blocks in the Diffserv architecture, and in particular, a TCP-friendly traffic marker to enhance TCP performance over assured service. We present the marker design and resulting performance improvements in terms of improved predictability of service, reduced provisioning requirements, better fairness and fewer TCP timeouts. Though the marker improves assured service performance predictability compared to a simple token bucket marker, the performance is still dependent to some extent on TCP dynamics.