gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Processing Fluency and Aesthetic Pleasure: Is Beauty in the Perceiver's Processing Experience? (2004)

We propose that aesthetic pleasure is a function of the perceiver's processing dynamics: The more fluently perceivers can process an object, the more positive their aesthetic response. We review variables known to influence aesthetic judgments, such as figural goodness, figure-ground contrast, stimulus repetition, symmetry, and prototypicality, and trace their effects to changes in processing fluency. Other variables that influence processing fluency, like visual or semantic priming, similarly increase judgments of aesthetic pleasure. Our proposal provides an integrative framework for the study of aesthetic pleasure and sheds light on the interplay between early preferences versus cultural influences on taste, preferences for both prototypical and abstracted forms, and the relation between beauty and truth. In contrast to theories that trace aesthetic pleasure to objective stimulus features per se, we propose that beauty is grounded in the processing experiences of the perceiver, which are in part a function of stimulus properties.
Resistin-Like Molecule-β Inhibits SGLT-1 Activity and Enhances GLUT2-Dependent Jejunal Glucose Transport (2009)

The regulation of SGLT-1 and GLUT2 by RELM-beta expands the role of gut hormones in short-term AMPK/protein kinase C mediated control of energy balance.
Quantifying and Recognizing Human Movement Patterns From Monocular Video Images—Part I: A New Framework for Modeling Human Motion (2004)

Research into tracking and recognizing human movement has so far been mostly limited to gait or frontal posing. Part I of this paper presents a continuous human movement recognition (CHMR) framework which forms a basis for the general biometric analysis of continuous human motion as demonstrated through tracking and recognition of hundreds of skills from gait to twisting saltos. Part II of this paper presents CHMR applications to the biometric authentication of gait, anthropometric data, human activities, and movement disorders. In Part I of this paper, a novel three-dimensional color clone-body-model is dynamically sized and texture mapped to each person for more robust tracking of both edges and textured regions. Tracking is further stabilized by estimating the joint angles for the next frame using a forward smoothing particle filter with the search space optimized by utilizing feedback from the CHMR system. A new paradigm defines an alphabet of dynemes, units of full-body movement skills, to enable recognition of diverse skills. Using multiple hidden Markov models, the CHMR system attempts to infer the human movement skill that could have produced the observed sequence of dynemes. The novel clone-body-model and dyneme paradigm presented in this paper enable the CHMR system to track and recognize hundreds of full-body movement skills, thus laying the basis for effective biometric authentication associated with full-body motion and body proportions.
Somatic Embryogenesis and Regeneration from Cotyledon Explants of Six Squash Cultivars (1995)

Six summer squash ( Cucurbita pepo L.) cultivars were regenerated via somatic embryogenesis using cotyledons excised from germinated or nongerminated seeds. Genotypes included were zucchini, commercial F 1 hybrids, `President', `Seneca Zucchini', `Jade'; the noncommercial inbred line `Caserta Inbred 557311'; and two yellow squash hybrids `Dixie' and `Seneca Butterbar'. Somatic embryogenesis was initiated in induction medium containing 22.62 μ m 2, 4-D, and embryos were germinated in maturation medium containing 0.27 μ m NAA and 0.23 μ m kinetin. Plants were elongated and rooted on basal medium without hormones. All media contained carbenicillin at 500 mg·liter –1 . Sixty-one percent of the `Seneca Butterbar' cotyledons produced somatic embryos when kept on induction medium for 10 weeks. Overall, 7% of the initial explants produced plantlets, and regeneration efficiency was calculated as 0.3 plantlets per initial explant. The relative production of plants from cotyledons that were kept on induction medium for different time periods were determined for `Caserta Inbred 557311' and `Seneca Zucchini'. All cotyledons produced somatic embryos after 11 to 17 weeks on induction medium. However, plantlet production was optimal with explants kept on induction medium for 13 weeks for `Seneca Zucchini' and for 15 weeks for `Caserta Inbred 557311', producing an average of 4.5 and 9.3 plants per explant, respectively, from 90% to 70% of the explants. We recovered plants from all six cultivars; thus, our regeneration protocol may be applicable to other genotypes. The high percentage of regenerants obtained indicates that the regeneration method is efficient enough to be adapted successfully to squash transformation experiments. Chemical names used: α-carboxybenzylpenicillin (carbenicillin); 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin); α-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA).
Targeting Stat3 in the Myeloid Compartment Drastically Improves the <i>In vivo</i> Antitumor Functions of Adoptively Transferred T Cells (2010)

Improving effector T-cell functions is highly desirable for preventive or therapeutic interventions of diverse diseases. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in the myeloid compartment constrains Th1-type immunity, dampening natural and induced antitumor immune responses. We have recently developed an in vivo small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery platform by conjugating a Toll-like receptor 9 agonist with siRNA that efficiently targets myeloid and B cells. Here, we show that either CpG triggering combined with the genetic Stat3 ablation in myeloid/B cell compartments or administration of the CpG-Stat3siRNA drastically augments effector functions of adoptively transferred CD8+ T cells. Specifically, we show that both approaches are capable of increasing dendritic cell and CD8(+) T-cell engagement in tumor-draining lymph nodes. Furthermore, both approaches can significantly activate the transferred CD8(+) T cells in vivo, upregulating effector molecules such as perforin, granzyme B, and IFN-γ. Intravital multiphoton microscopy reveals that Stat3 silencing combined with CpG triggering greatly increases killing activity and tumor infiltration of transferred T cells. These results suggest the use of CpG-Stat3siRNA, and possibly other Stat3 inhibitors, as a potent adjuvant to improve T-cell therapies.
Lung collagen heterogeneity. Synthesis of type I and type III collagen by rabbit and human lung cells in culture. (1976)

The fetal and adult lung have a constant level of collagen synthesis that represents 4-5% of the total amino acids incorporated into lung protein. Prior studies have demonstrated that this collagen is not homogeneous but rather is composed of at least two collagen types, I and II, each localized to specific lung structures. Although it is known that explants of rabit lung parenchyma and blood vessels synthesize type I collagen and that rabbit lung tracheobronchial tree synthesizes type II collagen, it has been suggested that other collagen types are present in lung. It is not known which cells are responsible for the synthesis of any lung collagen type. To approach the problem of additional lung collagen heterogeneity and the identification of the cells responsible for lung collagen synthesis, techniques were developed to examine collagen synthesized by lung cells in culture. 10-15% of the proteins synthesized by confluent cultures of rabbit lung cells and fetal human lung fibroblasts are collagen. Separation and purification of this collagen by ion-exchange chromatography and cyanogen bromide (CNBr) peptide mapping techniques indicate that collagen secreted by these cells is composed of two collagen types, I and III. The CNBr peptides of type I collagen secreted by these cells are identical to the CNBr peptides of type I collagen synthesized by lung parenchyma and blood vessels. The peptides of type III collagen secreted by these cells are identical to fetal skin type III collagen CNBr peptides. The existence of 40 cell types and the insolubility of lung collagen increase the complexity of identifying the types of collagen in lung and the cells responsible for the synthesis of each type. The techniques described here should eventually lead to a complete description of the synthesis and composition of lung collagen, thus providing a probe to understand the role of collagen in lung development and structure in health and disease.
Athlete: A cargo handling and manipulation robot for the moon (2007)

Abstract A robotic vehicle called ATHLETE—the All‐Terrain Hex‐Limbed, Extra‐Terrestrial Explorer—is described, along with initial results of field tests of two prototype vehicles. This vehicle concept is capable of efficient rolling mobility on moderate terrain and walking mobility on extreme terrain. Each limb has a quick‐disconnect tool adapter so that it can perform general‐purpose handling, assembly, maintenance, and servicing tasks using any or all of the limbs. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermally denatured proteins. Nuclear magnetic resonance, binding isotherm and chemical modification studies of thermally denatured bovine serum albumin (1976)

The properties of thermally denatured bovine serum albumin have been investigated by n.m.r., binding isotherm and chemical modification studies. The marked reduction observed in the protein spin-spin relaxation times on thermal denaturation indicates that the protein chains become rigid. There was no change in the bulk water properties on thermal denaturation but a slight reduction in the amount of water bound to the protein was observed. The increase in the average water proton spin-spin relaxation rate on thermal denaturation results from a decrease in the bound water spin-spin relaxation time due to a reduction in the mobility of protein chains to which water molecules are bound. At temperatures higher than about 285 K, there is a contribution to the observed water proton relaxation times from exchange between labile protein protons and water protons, which results in a minimum in the spin-spin relaxation time at 328 K. The native structure of bovine serum albumin is not extensively disrupted on thermal denaturation. The results are consistent with a two step mechanism for thermal denaturation, involving aggregation of initially unfolded protein molecules. The initial unfolding involves mainly changes in the tertiary structure rather than in the secondary structure and aggregation results in the formation of a rigid network. The molecules are held together by co-operative forces involving many amino acid residues and, although intermolecular disulphide bonds do form on thermal denaturation of bovine serum albumin, chemical modification studies show that aggregation does not depend upon formation of chemical cross-links, as is often supposed.
The rumen microbial metagenome associated with high methane production in cattle (2015)

The abundance of archaeal genes in ruminal digesta correlated strongly with differing methane emissions from individual animals, a finding useful for genetic screening purposes. Lower emissions were accompanied by higher Succinovibrionaceae abundance and changes in acetate and hydrogen production leading to less methanogenesis, as similarly postulated for Australian macropods. Large numbers of predicted protein sequences differed between high- and low-methane-emitting cattle. Ninety-nine percent were unknown, indicating a fertile area for future exploitation.
Canonical ordered cosmid library of the symbiotic plasmid of Rhizobium species NGR234. (1991)

Many of the bacterial genes involved in nodulation (nod) and nitrogen fixation (nif) are dispersed over the 500-kilobase plasmid pNGR234a of the broad host-range Rhizobium species NGR234. As a first step toward generating a complete physical and genetic map of the plasmid, a full overlapping collection of cosmids was derived from a total genomic library. Clones were aligned by combining fingerprinting, hybridization, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis data. Symbiotic loci were localized by probing a representative set of cosmids with both homologous and heterologous genes. nodABC, nodD1, nodD2, nodSU, nolB, and region II are widely dispersed over pNGR234a, while the two functional copies of nifKDH are separated by only 28 kilobases. Interestingly, sequences homologous to nodE, nodG, nodP, and nodQ have been assigned to another autonomously replicating element in Rhizobium species NGR234. Similarly one copy of the structural dctA gene is located on the symbiotic plasmid (dctA1) while the other is on what we assume to be the chromosome.
The Use of Vacuum Tubes as Variable Impedance Elements (1942)

The magnitude and phase angle of an impedance may be varied by means of circuits incorporating vacuum tubes. The analyses of several circuits show that they may be considered to be equivalent to a parallel combination of reactance and resistance. In certain circuits the effective resistance may be made infinite, these circuits acting like pure reactance, the magnitude of which may be controlled by means of electrode voltages. Vacuum-tube circuits containing only resistances and capacitances may act like an inductive reactance shunted by a negative resistance. Some types of "resistance-tuned" oscillators are based upon such circuits and may be readily analyzed from this point of view. By the use of an inverse-feedback amplifier it is possible to obtain very large effective capacitance or very low negative resistance, the magnitudes of which may be varied by means of the amplifier gain.
MOCVD and ALD of CeO<sub>2</sub> Thin Films using a Novel Monomeric Ce<sup>IV</sup> Alkoxide Precursor (2009)

The novel monomeric Ce(IV) alkoxide [Ce(mmp)4] (mmp = OCMe2CH2OMe) (see crystal structure) has been synthesized and structurally characterized. It has been used successfully as a precursor for the deposition of high-purity CeO2 thin films by liquid-injection MOCVD and ALD.
Use of the Stenhouse Reaction for the Preparation of Mixed Dianils of 2-Hydroxyglutaconaldehyde (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of the Stenhouse Reaction for the Preparation of Mixed Dianils of 2-HydroxyglutaconaldehydeCarl V. Brouillette, William M. Foley Jr., and Herbert McKennis Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 18, 4617–4618Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1954https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01647a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (291 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Provable Data Possession of Resource-constrained Mobile Devices in Cloud Computing (2011)

Benefited from cloud storage services, users can save their cost of buying expensive storage and application servers, as well as deploying and maintaining applications. Meanwhile they lost the physical control of their data. So effective methods are needed to verify the correctness of the data stored at cloud servers, which are the research issues the Provable Data Possession (PDP) faced. The most important features in PDP are: 1) supporting for public, unlimited numbers of times of verification; 2) supporting for dynamic data update; 3) efficiency of storage space and computing. In mobile cloud computing, mobile end-users also need the PDP service. However, the computing workloads and storage burden of client in existing PDP schemes are too heavy to be directly used by the resource-constrained mobile devices. To solve this problem, with the integration of the trusted computing technology, this paper proposes a novel public PDP scheme, in which the trusted third-party agent (TPA) takes over most of the calculations from the mobile end-users. By using bilinear signature and Merkle hash tree (MHT), the scheme aggregates the verification tokens of the data file into one small signature to reduce communication and storage burden. MHT is also helpful to support dynamic data update. In our framework, the mobile terminal devices only need to generate some secret keys and random numbers with the help of trusted platform model (TPM) chips, and the needed computing workload and storage space is fit for mobile devices. Our scheme realizes provable secure storage service for resource-constrained mobile devices in mobile cloud computing.
Emotion Recognition Method Based on Multimodal Sensor Fusion Algorithm (2008)

Human being recognizes emotion fusing information of the other speech signal, expression, gesture and bio-signal. Computer needs technologies that being recognized as human do using combined information. In this paper, we recognized five emotions (normal, happiness, anger, surprise, sadness) through speech signal and facial image, and we propose to method that fusing into emotion for emotion recognition result is applying to multimodal method. Speech signal and facial image does emotion recognition using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. And multimodal is fusing into emotion result applying fuzzy membership function. With our experiments, our average emotion recognition rate was 63% by using speech signals, and was 53.4% by using facial images. That is, we know that speech signal offers a better emotion recognition rate than the facial image. We proposed decision fusion method using S-type membership function to heighten the emotion recognition rate. Result of emotion recognition through proposed method, average recognized rate is 70.4%. We could know that decision fusion method offers a better emotion recognition rate than the facial image or speech signal.
Insulin resistance in soleus muscle from obese Zucker rats. Involvement of several defective sites (1980)

1. The effect of insulin upon glucose transport and metabolism in soleus muscles of genetically obese (fa/fa) and heterozygote lean Zucker rats was investigated at 5-6 weeks and 10-11 weeks of age. Weight-standardized strips of soleus muscles were used rather than the intact muscle in order to circumvent problems of diffusion of substrates. 2. In younger obese rats (5-6 weeks), plasma concentrations of immunoreactive insulin were twice those of controls, whereas their circulating triacylglycerol concentrations were normal. Insulin effects upon 2-deoxyglucose uptake and glucose metabolism by soleus muscles of these rats were characterized by both a decreased sensitivity and a decrease in the maximal response of this tissue to the hormone. 3. In older obese rats (10-11 weeks), circulating concentrations of insulin and triacylglycerols were both abnormally elevated. A decrease of 25-35% in insulin-binding capacity to muscles of obese rats was observed. The soleus muscles from the older obese animals also displayed decreased sensitivity and maximal response to insulin. However, at a low insulin concentration (0.1m-i.u./ml), 2-deoxyglucose uptake by muscles of older obese rats was stimulated, but such a concentration was ineffective in stimulating glucose incorporation into glycogen, and glucose metabolism by glycolysis. 4. Endogenous lipid utilization by muscle was calculated from the measurements of O(2) consumption, and glucose oxidation to CO(2). The rate of utilization of fatty acids was normal in muscles of younger obese animals, but increased in those of the older obese rats. Increased basal concentrations of citrate, glucose 6-phosphate and glycogen were found in muscles of older obese rats and may reflect intracellular inhibition of glucose metabolism as a result of increased lipid utilization. 5. Thus several abnormalities are responsible for insulin resistance of muscles from obese Zucker rats among which we have observed decreased insulin binding, decreased glucose transport and increased utilization of endogenous fatty acid which could inhibit glucose utilization.
How Do Pulsed Amperometric Ion Sensors Work? A Simple PDE Model (2003)

The heat equation posed on the half-line may be used as a simple mathematical model describing the operation of an amperometric ion sensor. These sensors represent the next generation of sensors that are in routine use today. Such sensors may be used to measure ion concentrations in the laboratory, for clinical analysis, environmental monitoring, process and quality control, biomedical analysis, and physiological applications. Study of the heat equation and its solutions provides insight into the operation of these ion sensors.
Evaluation of the gono-tect fluorescent antibody system for confirmation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (1975)

An evaluation of the recently developed Abbott Laboratories GONO-tect Fluorescent Antibody (FA) System for confirmation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was performed using stock cultures and fresh isolates. Tests on more than 350 organisms using the Center for Disease Control reference conjugate and test technique and the standardized GONO-tect reagents and control system were compared. Results indicate the kit to be reliable when used according to the manufacturer's instructions.
[Heart rate fluctuations in the horse at rest: (2) Biological variation factors related to behavioural profile]. (1995)

Variability of heart rate was analysed within a sample of 30 horses in order to determine the influence of factors (animal, age, sex and breed) associated with different behavioural patterns. The heart rate fluctuations were analysed by computing the power spectral density of a series of heartbeat intervals. A generalized linear model was used to compare the spectra and to reveal the effect of each factor: animal age, sex and breed. The scale and shape of spectral densities were significantly different between animals. This individual variability was partly explained by the sex and age effects while the breed effect had only a weak influence. Young horses and mares exhibited a greater heart rate fluctuation which may be related to their higher emotionality.
Control Mechanisms for Residential Electricity Demand in SmartGrids (2010)

We consider mechanisms to optimize electricity consumption both within a home and across multiple homes in a neighborhood. The homes are assumed to use energy management controllers (EMCs) to control the operation of some of their appliances. EMCs, which are a feature of the emerging SmartGrid, use both prices and user preferences to control power usage across the home. We first present a simple optimization model for determining the timing of appliance operation to take advantage of lower electricity rates during off-peak periods. We then demonstrate, using simulation, that the resulting solution may in fact be more peaky than the ``non-scheduled'' solution, thereby negating some of the benefits (for the utility) of off-peak pricing models. We then propose a distributed scheduling mechanism to reduce peak demand within a neighborhood of homes. The mechanism provides homes a guaranteed base level of power and allows them to compete for additional power to meet their needs. Finally, we introduce a more powerful EMC optimization model, based on dynamic programming, which, unlike our first optimization model, accounts for the potential for electricity capacity constraints.