gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
USAF nickel hydrogen cell (1978)

Air Force activities in nickel hydrogen battery research were summarized. The latest developments for the past year were discussed and applications of the nickel hydrogen batteries were reviewed.
Identification and Characterization of Inhibitors of Human Apurinic/apyrimidinic Endonuclease APE1 (2009)

APE1 is the major nuclease for excising abasic (AP) sites and particular 3'-obstructive termini from DNA, and is an integral participant in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. BER capacity plays a prominent role in dictating responsiveness to agents that generate oxidative or alkylation DNA damage, as well as certain chain-terminating nucleoside analogs and 5-fluorouracil. We describe within the development of a robust, 1536-well automated screening assay that employs a deoxyoligonucleotide substrate operating in the red-shifted fluorescence spectral region to identify APE1 endonuclease inhibitors. This AP site incision assay was used in a titration-based high-throughput screen of the Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC(1280)), a collection of well-characterized, drug-like molecules representing all major target classes. Prioritized hits were authenticated and characterized via two high-throughput screening assays -- a Thiazole Orange fluorophore-DNA displacement test and an E. coli endonuclease IV counterscreen -- and a conventional, gel-based radiotracer incision assay. The top, validated compounds, i.e. 6-hydroxy-DL-DOPA, Reactive Blue 2 and myricetin, were shown to inhibit AP site cleavage activity of whole cell protein extracts from HEK 293T and HeLa cell lines, and to enhance the cytotoxic and genotoxic potency of the alkylating agent methylmethane sulfonate. The studies herein report on the identification of novel, small molecule APE1-targeted bioactive inhibitor probes, which represent initial chemotypes towards the development of potential pharmaceuticals.
Pt(0)-Based Catalyst Supported on Silica Containing Di(ethylene oxide) Units for Hydrosilylation of Unsaturated Carbon−Carbon Bonds (2007)

Hydrolytic polycondensation of α,ω-bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)di(ethylene oxide) in the presence of K2PtCl4 gave rise to an efficient Pt(0)-based catalyst for hydrosilylation of unsaturated carbon−carbon bonds. This supported catalyst may be recovered almost quantitatively by simple filtration and reused several times, leaving metal-free products.
Role of α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>-integrin in TNF-α-induced endothelial cell migration (2002)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), one of the major inflammatory cytokines, is known to influence endothelial cell migration. In this study, we demonstrate that exposure of calf pulmonary artery endothelial cells to TNF-alpha caused an increase in the formation of membrane protrusions and cell migration. Fluorescence microscopy revealed an increase in alpha(v)beta(3) focal contacts but a decrease in alpha(5)beta(1) focal contacts in TNF-alpha-treated cells. In addition, both cell-surface and total cellular expression of alpha(v)beta(3)-integrins increased significantly, whereas the expression of alpha(5)beta(1)-integrins was unaltered. Only focal contacts containing alpha(v)beta(3)- but not alpha(5)beta(1)-integrins were present in membrane protrusions of cells at the migration front. In contrast, robust focal contacts containing alpha(5)beta(1)-integrins were present in cells behind the migration front. A blocking antibody to alpha(v)beta(3), but not a blocking antibody to alpha(5)-integrins, significantly inhibited TNF-alpha-induced cell migration. These results indicate that in response to TNF-alpha, endothelial cells may increase the activation and ligation of alpha(v)beta(3) while decreasing the activation and ligation of alpha(5)beta(1)-integrins to facilitate cell migration, a process essential for vascular wound healing and angiogenesis.
Understanding Web usage for dynamic Web-site adaptation: a case study (2003)

Every day, new information, products and services are being offered by providers on the World Wide Web. At the same time, the number of consumers and the diversity of their interests is increasing. As a result, providers are seeking ways to infer customers' interests and to adapt their Web sites to make the content of interest more easily accessible. Pattern mining is a promising approach in support of this goal. Assuming that past navigation behavior is an indicator of users' interests, then records of this behavior, kept in the form of Web-server logs, can be mined to infer what users are interested in. On that basis, recommendations can be dynamically generated, to help new Web-site visitors find information of interest faster. In this paper, we discuss our experience with pattern mining for dynamic Web-site adaptation. Our particular approach is tailored to "focused" Web sites that offer information on a well-defined subject, such as, for example, the Web site of an undergraduate course. Visitors of such focused sites exhibit similar types of navigation behavior, corresponding to the services offered by the Web site; therefore, page recommendation based on usage-pattern mining can be quite effective.
Treatment compliance in patients lost to follow‐up after polysomnography (2007)

Objectives Studies on positive airway pressure (PAP) compliance typically focus only on patients who returned for follow‐up. In this study, we examined patients who failed to follow‐up after their initial polysomnogram (PSG) and PAP titration to determine their treatment status in terms of PAP usage. Study Design On retrospective chart review, we identified 57 patients who, based on PSG findings and symptoms, required the use of PAP but failed to follow‐up after titration. Twenty‐five of these patients were successfully contacted and agreed to an interview. Results Only 7 (28%) patients were using PAP on a regular basis. The remaining 18 (72%) patients were noncompliant. Conclusions A significant proportion (24%) of OSA patients who required treatment with PAP were lost to follow‐up after polysomnography. This group of patients has previously been ignored in the literature. We showed in this study that majority (72%) of these patients were not being treated adequately for OSA.
Toward Local Network Digitalization: The View from Japan (1980)

This paper describes digital service integration in the local network. Since the local telephone network accounts for a large portion of the total network cost, it is desirable that a single local network be shared by telephone and nontelephone services. This service integration may include shared local switches, shared <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N \times 64</tex> kbit/s subscriber lines, and shared wide-band subscriber lines. This paper also describes the total network architecture which can easily adapt to variously changing circumstances in the future.
Dependence of corrosion fatigue behaviour of friction‐welded butt joints on friction welding procedure (1996)

Summary Although friction‐welded butt joints are seeing more widespread applications as machine components and structural members, a valid method for evaluation of the joint performance, especially under operating load conditions, has not yet been established. The reliability of this type of joint is supported only by available empirical knowledge. To clarify the fatigue behaviour of joints, the authors have run a series of fatigue tests of several types of friction‐welded butt joints in air and have shown that the fatigue strengths of the joints are higher than that of the base metal but that the fatigue lives show heavy scatter. Evaluation of the corrosion fatigue behaviour of friction‐welded butt joints is also a matter of urgency, because some joints have practical applications in corrosive environments. The main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the fibre flow conditions near the weld interface of joints and their corrosion fatigue resistance. A series of experiments was run with four friction‐welded butt joint specimens composed of JIS S25C similar carbon structural steel fabricated under different welding conditions. This study covers the following four phases: (1) dependence of the fibre flow conditions on the friction welding procedure; (2) the corrosion response of the four types of joint fabricated by different friction welding procedures; (3) fatigue strength behaviour of the joints with corrosion pits in air; (4) corrosion fatigue resistance of the joints under no‐load immersion conditions in artificial sea water. The results of the study show that the corrosion fatigue resistance of the joints is well correlated with the fibre flow conditions. Many deep corrosion pits are formed in the surface area intersecting the fibre flow, and the notch effect of the corrosion pits causes loss of fatigue strength. In other words, joint specimens without this surface area intersecting the fibre flow exhibit superior corrosion fatigue performance.
Dense (non-hollow) carbon nanospheres: synthesis and electrochemical energy applications (2021)

Porous carbon materials have extraordinary importance as electrodes in many electrochemical devices used for energy storage and conversion. For this reason, there is a growing interest in the design of new carbon materials with improved chemical and structural properties that enhance their electrochemical performance providing high energy and power densities as well as long cyclability. To satisfy this demand, researchers are continuously looking for new types of carbon materials that fulfill the above requirements. In this respect, carbon nanospheres (CNSs) have attracted great attention because, besides the typical characteristics of carbon materials, they have short diffusional pathways that provide fast kinetics, which is an important feature for advanced electrochemical energy systems. This review summarizes the synthesis strategies used to produce non-hollow carbon nanospheres, including methodologies based on the use of hard (e.g. silica) or soft (e.g. surfactants) templates, as well as template-free procedures that involve the production of polymer nanospheres and their conversion to CNSs and porous carbon nanospheres (PCNSs). In addition, the use of CNSs and PCNSs as electrodes in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, batteries (e.g. alkali-ion, lithium-sulfur, etc.), or Li-ion capacitors, as well as ORR electrocatalysts for energy conversion, is analyzed in detail.
Comparison of bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived canine mesenchymal stem cells (2012)

Our results provide fundamental information to enable for more reproducible and reliable quality control in the identification of canine BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs by protein and mRNA expression analysis.
Taphonomy After the Fact: Violence and Ritual in Room 33 at Chaco and Room 178 at Aztec (2012)

Chaco Canyon‘s Room 33 (excavated by George Pepper) and Aztec Ruins room 178 (excavated by Earl Morris) are recognized for their rich taphonomic context. These two mortuary features reveal a great deal of information about ritualized behavior. Researchers such as Akins and Palkovich have provided partial analyses of the Chaco skeletal material in the 1980s. The reanalysis of those remains considers the Chaco burials in relation to those at Aztec and analyzes their meaning through a thorough analysis of the grave goods, archaeological records, and ethnohistorical documents to provide a better understanding of these elaborate and unique mortuary rooms. Specifically, this study focuses on signatures of identity, biological, cultural, and socioeconomic. Biological identity markers include age, sex, and stature. Cultural identity includes mortuary context, graves goods, and site layout. Socioeconomic identity, which is the hardest to reconstruct is evidenced by the frequency and distribution of trauma related to exposure to violence, changes to anatomy related to unequal amounts of labor, and susceptibility to diseases over time. The result of looking at all these factors is that it is possible to reconstruct identity, such as Burial 3672 in Room 33. This male is especially intriguing because the burial shows evidence of extensive perimortem fractures on the cranium suggesting a violent death, and yet this is a very high status individual based on the stature and isotopic analysis as well as the grave offerings he was interred with. These kinds of taphonomic and mortuary features are explored.
Persistent infectious diseases say – IDO. Role of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase in disease pathogenesis and implications for therapy (2012)

Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an enzyme that catabolises tryptophan - an essential amino acid critical for T cell proliferation. Initially recognized as a first line of host defense against infectious pathogens, IDO has been subsequently identified as an important immune-regulator inhibiting T-cell responses and promoting immune tolerance. Research over the past few years has demonstrated a crucial role for IDO in the pathogenesis of persistent infections that place an enormous burden on public health. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about IDO's role in causing pathogen persistence and progression to clinical disease. We conclude with a perspective on the potential benefits and risks of therapeutic IDO manipulation.
The rise and rise of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>: laughing in the face of granulocytes (2009)

Recent developments in the study of host-pathogen interactions have fundamentally altered our understanding of the nature of Staphylococcus aureus infection, and previously held tenets regarding the role of the granulocyte are being cast aside. Novel mechanisms of pathogenesis are becoming evident, revealing the extent to which S. aureus can evade neutrophil responses successfully by resisting microbicides, surviving intracellularly and subverting cell death pathways. Developing a detailed understanding of these complex strategies is especially relevant in light of increasing staphylococcal virulence and antibiotic resistance, and the knowledge that dysfunctional neutrophil responses contribute materially to poor host outcomes. Unravelling the biology of these interactions is a challenging task, but one which may yield new strategies to address this, as yet, defiant organism.
Altering pyridinone N-substituents to optimise activity as potential prodrugs for Alzheimer's disease (2008)

Selective design modifications of specifically substituted 3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridinones show possibly advantageous ring freedom while maintaining metal-binding ability and antioxidant capacity, moving toward an efficient potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
The Electrodiagnostic Evaluation of Nerve Root Function (1984)

Electrodiagnostic testing is an important part of the investigation of spinal nerve root and cord function. These tests are utilized to confirm and document suspected neuronal lesions. Characteristics of a spinal nerve root lesion, including chronicity, level, sensory or motor dysfunction, and severity, can be estimated by utilizing multiple testing procedures. Tests available include needle electromyography. H-reflexes, F-responses, bulbocavernosus reflex responses, and somatosensory evoked responses recorded over the spine and head. Each test has unique advantages and disadvantages and none can be considered of sufficient sensitivity to exclude the other tests. By using case examples the lack of correlation between electrodiagnostic testing and spinal pain has been illustrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Pronounced ′H and <sup>31</sup>P NMR Spectral Changes on meso‐Tetrakis(N‐methylpyridinium‐4‐yl)porphyrin Binding to Poly[d(G‐C)] . Poly[d(G‐C)] and to Three Tetradecaoligodeoxyribonucleotides: Evidence for Symmetric, Selective Binding to 5′CG3′ Sequences. (1986)

Abstract C)l‐ Polyld(G ‐ C)l and to Three Tetradecaoligodeoxyribonucleotides: Evidence for Symmetrie, Selective Binding to 5′CG3′ Sequences.
Zinc glutarate-mediated copolymerization of CO<sub>2</sub>and PO – parameter studies using design of experiments (2017)

Parameter studies of the PO/CO<sub>2</sub>-copolymerization revealed the importance of the surface coverage of a nanoscopic ZnGA catalyst.
The Role of Aggregation in Power System Simulation (2014)

Long-term simulations of electric power systems are an essential tool for power system planning and operation. As power systems are extraordinarily complex, simplifying assumption have to be made to find computational tractable model formulations. In this paper we define aggregation methods 1) for simulation time, 2) for generation units and 3) for load demand units. The performance of the aggregation models is checked against detailed models including binary effects such as minimum down-time, minimum generation or demand side contracts. The aggregation models show very similar behavior, while a significant speed-up in simulation time is observed.
Role and Regulation of β-Catenin Signaling During Physiological Liver Growth (2014)

Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays key roles not only during development but also in adult tissue homeostasis. This is also evident in liver biology where many temporal roles of β-catenin have been identified during hepatic development, where, in hepatic progenitors or hepatoblasts, it is a key determinant of proliferation and eventually differentiation to mature hepatocytes, while also playing an important role in bile duct homeostasis. β-Catenin signaling cascade is mostly quiescent in hepatocytes in an adult liver except in the centrizonal region of a hepatic lobule. This small rim of hepatocytes around the central vein show constitutive β-catenin activation that in turn regulates expression of genes whose products play an important role in ammonia and xenobiotic metabolism. Intriguingly, β-catenin can also undergo activation in hepatocytes after acute liver loss secondary to surgical or toxicant insult. Such activation of this progrowth protein is observed as nuclear translocation of β-catenin and formation of its complex with the T-cell factor (TCF) family of transcription factors. Expression of cyclin-D1, a key inducer of transition from the G1 to S phase of cell cycle, is regulated by β-catenin-TCF complex. Thus, β-catenin activation is absolutely critical in the normal regeneration process of the liver as shown by studies in several models across various species. In the current review, the temporal role and regulation of β-catenin in liver development, metabolic zonation in a basal adult liver, and during the liver regeneration process will be discussed. In addition, the probability of therapeutically regulating β-catenin activity as a possible future treatment strategy for liver insufficiency will also be discussed.
Secure Data Aggregation Using Clusters In Sensor Networks (2009)

Wireless sensor network can be applied to both abominable and military environments. A primary goal in the design of wireless sensor networks is lifetime maximization, constrained by the energy capacity of batteries. One well-known method to reduce energy consumption in such networks is data aggregation. Providing efcient data aggregation while preserving data privacy is a challenging problem in wireless sensor networks research. In this paper, we present privacy-preserving data aggregation scheme for additive aggregation functions. The Cluster-based Private Data Aggregation (CPDA)leverages clustering protocol and algebraic properties of polynomials. It has the advantage of incurring less communication overhead. The goal of our work is to bridge the gap between collaborative data collection by wireless sensor networks and data privacy. We present simulation results of our schemes and compare their performance to a typical data aggregation scheme TAG, where no data privacy protection is provided. Results show the efficacy and efficiency of our schemes.
Surface micromachined solenoid on-Si and on-glass inductors for RF applications (1999)

RF performance of surface micromachined solenoid on-chip inductors fabricated on a standard silicon substrate (10 /spl Omega//spl middot/cm) has been investigated and the results are compared with the same inductors on glass. The solenoid inductor on Si with a 15-μm thick insulating layer achieves peak quality (Q-) factor of 16.7 at 2.4 GHz with inductance of 2.67 nH. This peak Q-factor is about two-thirds of that of the same inductor fabricated on glass. The highest performance has been obtained from the narrowest-pitched on-glass inductor, which shows inductance of 2.3 nH, peak Q-factor of 25.1 at 8.4 GHz, and spatial inductance density of 30 nH/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Both on-Si and on-glass inductors have been modeled by lumped circuits, and the geometrical dependence of the inductance and Q-factor have been investigated as well.
Laser removal of particles from magnetic head sliders (1996)

A quantitative investigation of laser-induced removal of particles from magnetic head slider surfaces has been carried out. The damage thresholds of magnetic head sliders for laser fluence and pulse number were found to be about 150 mJ/cm2 and 5000 pulses at 100 mJ/cm2, respectively. For laser fluence or pulse number above the damage threshold, laser irradiation onto magnetic head slider surfaces can cause microcracks around the pole tips. It is found that laser cleaning efficiency increases with increasing laser fluence and pulse number, but does not depend on repetition rate up to 30 Hz. Laser cleaning efficiency of removing particles from magnetic head slider surfaces can reach about 90% for Al particles and 100% for Sn particles, respectively, under appropriate conditions without causing damage. The mechanisms of laser cleaning of particles from magnetic head slider are laser-induced surface vibration, particle vibration, particle thermal expansion, and ablation with high laser fluence, which produce forces strong enough to detach particles from slider surfaces. Based on the above cleaning mechanisms, the dependence of laser cleaning efficiency on laser parameters can be explained.
Mixing simulation of a viscous Newtonian liquid in a twin sigma blade mixer (2006)

Abstract The flow of a viscous Newtonian fluid in a twin sigma blade mixer over the course of a blade cycle is simulated using FEM with mesh superposition, and the resulting velocity profiles are used to calculate the paths of material points in order to do an analysis of the distributive mixing and overall efficiency of the mixer over time. Visual inspection of the material‐point distribution, as well as mixing measures that include the cluster distribution index, scale of segregation and mean length of stretch showed the overall mixing effectiveness of this mixer, although there was some positions that had better distributive and stretch capability than others. The mean time‐averaged efficiency was related to the specific blade positions and found to remain above zero, while its standard deviation was reducing over time, indicating that the majority of the material points were experiencing equivalent levels of stretching over time. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Efficient Total Synthesis of Pulchellalactam, a CD45 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitor (2002)

A new approach to a CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, pulchellalactam, is described. The key step of the sequence involves addition and elimination of an enolic lactam in a single step and 70% yield, employing an organocuprate reagent. The resulting alpha,beta-unsaturated lactam could be condensed with isobutyraldehyde to produce Z-pulchellalactam or converted into siloxypyrrole, which was subjected to the BF(3) x Et(2)O-promoted coupling reaction with isobutyraldehyde to afford E-pulchellalactam after E1-cB elimination and TFA deprotection. This first total synthesis afforded Z-pulchellalactam in six steps and 32% overall yield from Boc-glycine. The same sequence of reactions could also be applied to the liquid- or solid-phase synthesis of trifunctionalized pulchellalactam derivatives.