gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrical and mechanical properties of carbon‐black‐filled, electrospun nanocomposite fiber webs (2007)

Abstract The development of flexible and compliant conductive polymer composites with textile‐like characteristics remains an important endeavor in light of the recent activity in polymer/textile‐based electronics and the need for compliant electrodes for electroactive polymer actuators. In this work, carbon black (CB) was dispersed in a polymer solution to form electrospun fiber webs consisting mainly of nanofibers. The effect of the filler content on the fiber‐web morphology, mechanical behavior, electrical conductivity, and thermal resistance was examined. The electrical conductivity percolation threshold of the fiber‐web structure was found to be around 4.6 vol %. Scanning electron micrographs of the fiber webs revealed a significant influence of the CB content on the fiber formation as well as the bond structure of the fiber web, which influenced the mechanical properties of the web. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 2410–2417, 2007
REMOVAL OF TOXIC METALS FROM POWER-GENERATION WASTE STREAMS BY ADSORPTION AND COPRECIPITATION (1982)

Removal of potentially toxic contaminants from aqueous solution by adsorption onto iron oxyhydroxide is technically feasible. Removal is primarily a function of pH, though other factors, such as adsorbent concentration, and concentration of other ions in solution, can also play an important role. Despite the complexity of waste streams from coal-fired plants, adsorption of trace contaminants from these streams is similar to that in simple clean solutions. In particular, the adsorption of Zn onto iron oxide from relatively dilute power-plant waste streams can be explained using a surface complexation model. Deviations from the behavior in dilute solutions can occur when the concentration of a competing ion, such as Cu, is high, or when a strong complexing agent, such as EDTA, is present. These deviations are interpretable using simple modeling concepts, and the interpretations can be experimentally tested and verified using well-defined solutions. The process is applicable for removing both cations and anions from solutions and is adaptable to different process flowsheets and is relatively simple to control.
Columbium and Tantalum (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColumbium and TantalumClarence W. BalkeCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1935, 27, 10, 1166–1169Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50310a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50310a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A new nonlinear optimization algorithm for asymmetric FIR digital filters (2002)

A new nonlinear optimization algorithm is presented for designing lowpass asymmetric FIR digital filters. The new algorithm is based on the iterative use of the generalized multiple exchange (GME) algorithm. The new algorithm can design optimal filters that simultaneously meet specifications on the group delay and the magnitude of the frequency response. The algorithm is based on nonlinear optimization because the frequency response magnitude and group delay are nonlinear functions of the filter coefficients. This ISCAS-94 paper includes a filter design example with specifications on the maximum permissible errors in the group delay and the frequency response magnitude. In spite of the nonlinearities in this design problem, the new algorithm determines a unique optimal solution. A mathematical proof of optimality is included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Autoimmune Intervention by CD154 Blockade Prevents T Cell Retention and Effector Function in the Target Organ (2001)

The CD40-CD154 interaction is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in many autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis. Previously, we showed that CD154 blockade both inhibited the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and blocked clinical disease progression (relapses) in mice with established disease. The mechanism of this protection is poorly understood. Because CD154 plays a role in Th1 development, its blockade has been thought to promote anti-inflammatory Th2 responses. However, these conclusions have primarily been based on extrapolated data from in vitro experiments, which may not accurately reflect the more complex events occurring in vivo. In this paper we determine how the immune response develops under the influence of therapeutic CD154 blockade in vivo. We demonstrate that anti-CD154 treatment does not alter the early expansion of Ag-specific T cells in secondary lymphoid organs or result in deviation to a Th2-dominant response. Interestingly, the late expansion and retention of Th1 cells in the lymph nodes were markedly reduced following immunization of Ab-treated mice, and this coincided with a recompartmentalization of these cells to the spleen. Most importantly, anti-CD154 treatment eliminated the retention/expansion of encephalitogenic Th1 cells, but not their entry into the CNS. These data indicate that a major mechanism by which CD154 blockade protects against autoimmune disease is by controlling the amplitude of acute phase Th1 responses in the draining lymph nodes and by preventing the sustained expansion of effector cells within the target organ.
Nonsuture end-to-end microvascular anastomosis using intravascular stents. (1996)

The objective of this report is to describe a new method of nonsuture end-to-end microvascular anastomosis. The vessels to be anastomosed are prepared separately before division by inserting a cylinder-shaped intravascular stent into each vessel. The anastomosis is completed after dividing the vessels. The vessels containing the stents are approximated. The anastomosis is then performed by sliding the stents into each other and is kept together by the force of friction. The method was used for anastomosing the aorta, end to end, in seven rats. The rats survived for one to 25 days with a radiological patient aorta and a fibrous healing of the vessels. This method has a potential use for microvascular anastomosis.
Computer security and impact on computer science education (2001)

The integration of computer security into existing Computer Science undergraduate education is an urgent and complicated task. With the increasing risk of computer intrusion, computer crimes and information wars, Computer Science educators bear the responsibility of cultivating a new generation of graduates who are aware of computer security related issues and are equipped with proper knowledge and skills to solve the problems. The task of integrating computer security into existing Computer Science programs, however, is complicated due to the fact that most faculty members lack the specialty knowledge in this field. This paper begins with a survey of the computer security field by examining the sequence of actions that the US government has taken since 1987 to counter the computer security issues, followed by an assessment of needs for practitioners in the field. A comprehensive approach of integrating computer security into an existing degree program is then proposed. The paper concludes with observations upon what should be taught and how computer security could be integrated into undergraduate education.
Learning Context-Specific Word/Character Embeddings (2017)

Unsupervised word representations have demonstrated improvements in predictive generalization on various NLP tasks. Most of the existing models are in fact good at capturing the relatedness among words rather than their ''genuine'' similarity because the context representations are often represented by a sum (or an average) of the neighbor's embeddings, which simplifies the computation but ignores an important fact that the meaning of a word is determined by its context, reflecting not only the surrounding words but also the rules used to combine them (i.e. compositionality). On the other hand, much effort has been devoted to learning a single-prototype representation per word, which is problematic because many words are polysemous, and a single-prototype model is incapable of capturing phenomena of homonymy and polysemy. We present a neural network architecture to jointly learn word embeddings and context representations from large data sets. The explicitly produced context representations are further used to learn context-specific and multi-prototype word embeddings. Our embeddings were evaluated on several NLP tasks, and the experimental results demonstrated the proposed model outperformed other competitors and is applicable to intrinsically "character-based" languages.
Proprotein convertase furin is preferentially expressed in T helper 1 cells and regulates interferon gamma (2006)

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a major inducer of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and the principal mediator of T helper 1 (Th1) differentiation. To identify IL-12-regulated genes, which might contribute to Th1 differentiation and IFNG regulation, we employed microarray analysis. Surprisingly, a ubiquitously expressed proprotein convertase (PC), furin, was one of the most consistently IL-12-induced genes in T cells, and among PCs was the only one regulated by this cytokine. Furin was preferentially expressed in differentiated Th1 cells in a Stat4-dependent manner. Expression of furin enhanced IFN-gamma secretion, whereas inhibition of furin interfered with IFN-gamma production. Thus, we conclude that IL-12 induction of furin might represent a new aspect of IFN-gamma regulation and control of Th1 differentiation.
Neuropeptides in the arthritic TMJ and symptoms and signs from the stomatognathic system with special consideration to rheumatoid arthritis. (1995)

The contribution of the nervous system to the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis has been proposed to be mediated by certain neuropeptides. Neuropeptide Y, calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and neurokinin A are considered modulators of inflammatory joint disease. Parameters of pain, as well as occlusal signs of tissue destruction from the arthritic TMJ and the corresponding neuropeptide concentrations in TMJ synovial fluid, were investigated in patients with various inflammatory joint diseases. The patients with rheumatoid arthritis were also examined in a separate diagnostic group. Visual analog scale, palpatory tenderness, maximal voluntary mouth opening, and anterior open bite were correlated to neuropeptide-like immunoreactivities of the above four neuropeptides. It was found that high concentrations of calcitonin gene-related peptide and neuropeptide Y in TMJ fluid are associated with pain, impairment of mandibular mobility, and occlusal signs of TMJ destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The results indicated neuropeptide involvement in rheumatoid arthritis, proposing a potentiation of the symptoms and signs by the inflammatory action of calcitonin gene-related peptide and neuropeptide Y.
The use of simulated annealing in chromosome reconstruction experiments based on binary scoring. (1992)

We present a method of combinatorial optimization, simulated annealing, to order clones in a library with respect to their position along a chromosome. This ordering method relies on scoring each clone for the presence or absence of specific target sequences, thereby assigning a digital signature to each clone. Specifically, we consider the hybridization of oligonucleotide probes to a clone to constitute the signature. In that the degree of clonal overlap is reflected in the similarity of their signatures, it is possible to construct maps based on the minimization of the differences in signatures across a reconstructed chromosome. Our simulations show that with as few as 30 probes and a clonal density of 4.5 genome equivalents, it is possible to assemble a small eukaryotic chromosome into 33 contiguous blocks of clones (contigs). With higher clonal densities and more probes, this number can be reduced to less than 5 contigs per chromosome.
Apoptosis : pharmacological implications and therapeutic opportunities (1997)

Apoptosis - an overview of the process and its relevance in disease, S.J. Webb Apoptosis - pharmacological implications and therapeutic opportunities, S. Desnoyers, M.O. Hengartner Methods for the study of apoptosis, S.H. Kaufmann In vitro systems for the study of apoptosis, A. Takahashi, W.C. Earnshaw The Pas pathway in apoptosis, C.M. Eischen, P.J. Leibson Ceramide - a novel lipid mediator of apoptosis, , M.J. Smyth et al Control of apoptosis by proteases, N.A. Thomberry et al Death and dying in the immune system, D.S. Ucker Control of apoptosis by cytokines, W.S. May Jr. Glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis, C.W. Distelhorst Apoptosis in AIDS, C.V. Paya Virus-induced apoptosis, J.M. Hardwick Apoptosis in neurodegenerative diseases, I. Nishimoto et al Apoptosis and the response to renal damage, R.E. Buttyan Apoptosis in the heart, S.R. Umansky, L.D. Tomei apoptosis and the gastrointestinal system, F. Que, G.J. Gores Role of p53 in apoptosis, C.E. Canman, M.B. Kastan Chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, P.W. Mesner et al Role the of bcl-2 family in resistance to apoptosis, J.C. Reed Role of Bcr-Abl kinase in resistance to apoptosis, A. Samali et al Apoptosis in hormone-responsive malignancies, S.R. Denmeade et al. Chapter references subject index.
New Signal-processing Strategies for Optical Coherence Microscopy (1997)

The quality of optical-coherence micrographs of biological tissues is adversely affected by a number of factors, which include low back-scattered light levels, multiple forward scattering, and random coherent noise (speckle).
Gadolinium-Loaded Nanoparticles:  New Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2000)

We have developed a new class of metal-loaded nanoparticles that have potential as contrast agents for medical imaging. These polymeric materials have a core−shell morphology where the interior is a functionalized polymer, that provides high affinity for a specific metal, and the shell consists of a porous hydrophobic polymer that modulates access to the core. In the present case, the nanoparticles are loaded with Gd3+ to provide contrast in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The Gd3+-loaded nanoparticles described in this paper have a diameter of 120 nm and are, therefore, small enough to pass easily through the vasculature. These particles have been shown to reduce relaxation times in vitro, and provide excellent contrast when used to image the heart and gastrointestinal tract in a rat animal model.
Investigation of optic-phonon—magnetoplasmon-type surface polaritons on<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:math>-InSb (1975)

The coupled-phonon---magnetoplasmon-type surface polaritons at $n$-InSb---air interfaces are studied optically using the attenuated-total-reflection method in the configuration with a magnetic field oriented perpendicular to the sagittal plane. These data are in good agreement with theory exhibiting nonreciprocal behavior, virtual-excitation modes, and bulk-loss modes. Differences between theory and experiment are attributed to surface effects, which indicates that surface-polariton experiments may be useful in detailed studies of these effects.
Microvascular leakage in sepsis (2000)

Copyright © by 2000 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Modeling Rate of Penetration using Artificial Intelligent System and Multiple Regression Analysis (2019)

Abstract Over the years, the prediction of penetration rate (ROP) has played a key rule for drilling engineers due it is effect on the optimization of various parameters that related to substantial cost saving. Many researchers have continually worked to optimize penetration rate. A major issue with most published studies is that there is no simple model currently available to guarantee the ROP prediction. The main objective of this study is to further improve ROP prediction using two predictive methods, multiple regression analysis (MRA) and artificial neural networks (ANNs). A field case in SE Iraq was conducted to predict the ROP from a large number of parameters. A databases from one well drilled in carbonate environments were subjected to the predictive methods. Each raw dataset is described by eight parameters including rate of penetration (ROP), true vertical depth (TVD), weight on bit (WOB), bit rotational speed (RPM), torque (TQ), flow rate (Q), equivalent circulating density (ECD), standpipe pressure (SPP), and unconfined compressive strength (UCS). First, both MRA and ANNs are tested as predictive methods. The prediction capacity of each model was also verified by using two-based error metrics: the determination coefficient (R2) and the mean square error (MSE). The current results support the evidence that MRA and ANNs are able to be effectively utilize the drilling data, and thus provide accurate ROP prediction. However, more attention to the multiple regression analysis is required where it is implemented for ROP prediction. ANNs appear to be more conservative in predicting ROP than MRA as indicated by a higher value R2 (0.96) and lower value MSE (1.89) of the ANN model. Considering the input parameters, the obtained results showed that TVD, WOB, RPM, SPP, and ECD had the greatest effect on estimated ROP-conditions, followed in decreasing by pump flow rate, drilling torque, and rock strength. Another important point that highlights in this study is that the drilling rate may increase with depth in carbonate rocks because of their heterogeneity. This study presents new models to estimate ROP from other parameters which can help the driller to achieve an optimal drilling rate through monitoring controllable parameters.
Analog MIMO Radio-Over-Copper Downlink With Space-Frequency to Space-Frequency Multiplexing for Multi-User 5G Indoor Deployments (2019)

Radio access network (RAN) centralization is at the basis of current mobile networks, in which BaseBand Units (BBUs) and radio antenna units (RAUs) exchange over the FrontHaul (FH) digitized radio-frequency signals through protocols such as the common public radio interface. However, such architecture, as it stands, does not scale to the demands of multiple-antennas 5G systems, thus leading to drastic RAN paradigm changes. Differently from digital RAN architectures, we propose to overcome bandwidth/latency issues due to digitization by employing an all-analog FH for multiple-antenna RAUs based on the analog radio-over-copper (A-RoC) paradigm. The A-RoC is an alternative/complementary solution to FH for the last 200 m, such as for indoor, to reuse existing local area network (LAN) cables with remarkable economic benefits. Although LAN cables contain 4 twisted-pairs with up to 500 MHz bandwidth/ea., their usage is limited by cable attenuation and crosstalk among pairs. This paper demonstrates that a judicious mapping of each radio-frequency signal of each antenna onto a combination of cable pair-frequency allocations, referred to as space-frequency to space-frequency multiplexing, optimized together with the design of the digital precoding at the BBU, substantially mitigates the cable impairments. The LAN cables can be exploited for last 100-200 m analog transport FH to meet the requirements of 5G indoor networks.
A Consumer-Based Methodology for the Identification of New Product Ideas (1974)

This paper suggests a procedure which analytically ties a model to predict users' predispositions to purchase different “brands” in a product-market together with a search process to identify optimal new product ideas. Brands, conceptualized as attribute bundles, are located in a prespecified attribute space. The painwise preference judgments of each individual in a representative sample drawn from the population of users are analyzed using the authors' LINMAP procedure (LINear programming techniques for Multidimensional Analysis of Preferences) to determine his ideal point and salience weights for the attributes of the space. A distance model of choice is postulated for each user and used to predict his probability of choosing nonexisting products. The models developed for each user are tied to methods for searching the product space to find “best” locations for new products. The proposed procedures are discussed and evaluated in the light of relevant conceptual and empirical research. The paper concludes with a discussion of additional applications of the behavioral framework of LINMAP to other marketing decision areas.
Lidar for Self-Driving Cars (2018)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Jeff Hecht, "Lidar for Self-Driving Cars," Optics & Photonics News 29(1), 26-33 (2018) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Image-Based Fire Detection Using Neural Networks (2006)

An image-based fire detection method using neural networks is proposed in this paper. First, flame color features, based on the HSI color model, are trained by a backpropagation neural network for flame recognition. Then, based on the learned flame color features, regions with fire-like colors are roughly separated from an image. Besides segmenting flame regions, background objects with similar fire colors or resulted from the reflection of fire flames are also separated from the image. In order to get rid of these spurious fire-like regions, the image difference method and the invented color masking technique are applied. Finally, a compact method is devised to estimate the burning degree of fire flames so that users could be informed with a proper warning alarm. The proposed system can achieve 96.47% fire detection rate on average.