gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modular logic programming (1994)

Modularity is a key issue in the design of modern programming languages. When designing modular features for declarative languages in general, and for logic programming languages in particular, the challenge lies in avoiding the superimposition of a complex syntactic and semantic structure over the simple structure of the basic language. The modular framework defined here for logic programming consists of a small number of operations over modules which are (meta-) logically defined and semantically justified in terms of the basic logic programming semantics. The operations enjoy a number of algebraic properties, thus yielding an algebra of modules. Despite its simplicity, the suite of operations is shown capable of capturing the core features of modularization: information hiding, import/export relationships, and construction of module hierarchies. A metalevel implementation and a compilation-oriented implementation of the operations are provided and proved sound with respect to the semantics. The compilation-oriented implementation is based on manipulation of name spaces and provides the basis for an efficient implementation.
Label‐free detection of enhanced saccharide binding at pH 7.4 to nanoparticulate benzoboroxole based receptor units (2011)

Nanoparticles modified with either 6-amino-1-hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborolane (3-aminobenzoboroxole) or 3-aminophenylboronic acid were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of a styrene-co-DVB-co-vinylbenzylchloride latex (25 nm). Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was used as a label-free detection method for the analysis of the binding between monosaccharides and these two differently derivatized nanoparticle systems at pH 7.4. Because ITC reveals, thermodynamical parameters such as the changes in enthalpy ΔH, free energy ΔG, and entropy ΔS, possible explanations for the higher binding constants can be derived in terms of entropy and enthalpy changes. In case of the modified nanoparticles, the free energy of binding is dominated by the entropy term. This shows that interfacial effects, besides the intrinsic affinity, lead to a higher binding constant compared with the free ligand. The highest binding constant was found for fructose binding to the benzoboroxole modified nanoparticles: Its value of 1150 M(-1) is twice as high as for the free benzoboroxole and five times as high as with phenylboronic acid or 3-aminophenylboronic acid. In contrast to the binding of fructose to free boronic acids, which is an enthalpically driven process, the binding of fructose to the modified nanoparticles is dominated by the positive entropy term.
Arborization of the inferior laryngeal nerve and internal nerve on the posterior surface of the larynx (1995)

The morphological patterns of the inferior laryngeal nerve and internal laryngeal nerve display complex arborizations. This paper attempts to identify and clarify these patterns. Dissections were performed on 105 adult Japanese cadavers, and observations were made on 201 sides. Results showed that the communications between the inferior laryngeal nerve (ILN) and internal laryngeal nerve (ITLN) could be classified into two types and three subtypes. Also, the ITLN displayed three characteristic patterns at the arytenoid cartilage. These communications produce complex arborizations of the ILN as it enters the larynx. This may explain the variety of potential clinical symptoms observed after thyroid surgery or neck dissections.
Review of Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Kinderzeichnungen. (1907)

sensations from which it arises, the transformation of the impressions made by these sensations, and the forces which produce and direct the transformations."This ambitious prediction, or program, is hardly warranted by the evidences set forth in the article.
C-2C digital-to-analogue converteron insulator (1999)

A new C-2C digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) as been investigated, which uses C and 2C capacitors. It is difficult to realise the C-2C DAC scheme on a silicon wafer because of the large parasitic capacitance. However, the C-2C DAC can be fabricated on glass or quartz substrates. The C-2C DACs require considerably less area and power than conventional weighted-capacitor (WC) DACs, and operate at a much higher conversion rate. Simulation results show that an 8 bit C-2C DAC can operate at a settling time of 5.3 ns for a unit capacitance of 1 pF.
Polarization compensation: a passive approach to a reducing heterodyne interferometer nonlinearity (2002)

Cyclic errors that are due to optical leakage limit the precision of displacement measurements made with optical interferometers. A method for real-time estimation of leakage components is introduced and is used to implement a novel passive technique for suppression of cyclic nonlinearities that uses only adjustments of existing polarizers and quarter-wave plates. This approach is used to reduce the cyclic error from 3 nm to 300 pm for an interferometer operating at a wavelength of 1320 nm.
Time-dependent electrical transport in amorphous solids:<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">As</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Se</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1977)

An extensive experimental and theoretical study of transient hole transport in evaporated $a\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$ unambiguously establishes that the microscopic transport mechanism is characterized by a broad distribution of individual event times. This feature leads to (i) a sample thickness and field-dependent drift mobility, (ii) an essentially featureless shape of the transient current, and (iii) a correlation between these observables. Several underlying mechanisms of transport compatible with a broad distribution of event times are detailed and critically compared with the experimental information. It is demonstrated that the interpretation of the entire field, thickness and temperature dependence of the transit time, and shape of the current pulse in terms of the widely proposed trap-controlled extended state transport (multiple-trap mechanism) leads to a number of conceptual difficulties. It is suggested that transient transport in $a\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$ be interpreted in terms of a model in which the carriers hop through localized states and possibly interact with a discrete trap level (trapcontrolled hopping). Hence, different from the multiple-trap mechanism, in the latter model dispersion is that which is already present in the microscopic transport rate itself.
BGP Support for Four-Octet Autonomous System (AS) Number Space (2012)

The Autonomous System number is encoded as a two-octet entity in the
base BGP specification. This document describes extensions to BGP to
carry the Autonomous System numbers as four-octet entities. This
document obsoletes RFC 4893 and updates RFC 4271. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
A Comparison of Correlations for Saltation Velocity in Horizontal Pneumatic Conveying (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Comparison of Correlations for Saltation Velocity in Horizontal Pneumatic ConveyingPeter J. Jones and L. S. LeungCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1978, 17, 4, 571–575Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/i260068a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views414Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (528 KB) Get e-Alerts
The Effects of Social Facilitation on Persons Performing a Manual Work Task (1989)

An understanding of the effects of the presence of others in the treatment environment on the client is important to the field of occupational therapy. This study investigated the impact of social facilitation by comparing individuals working in the presence of another on a work hardening task to individuals working on the same type of task alone. The dependent variable was the quanitity of work completed in a nut-and-bolt assembly task. The sample of 24 male and 24 female non-occupational therapy undergraduate students enrolled in a Midwestern university were randomly assigned to either group. Data analysis indicated that individuals who performed the task in the presence of another had significantly higher assembly scores than those who completed the task in seclusion, F (1,44) = 13.4, p < .01. Analysis also revealed significant differences between the genders, F (1,44) = 23.6, p < 1.01, with males completing more assemblies than females. Implications of this study to the practice of occupational therapy and knowledge base of social facilitation are discussed, and suggestions for further research are presented.
BoSSA: The Deconstructed Violin Reconstructed (1999)

Abstract: Traditional musical instruments provide compelling metaphors for human-computer interfacing, both in terms of input (physical, gestural performance activities) and output (sound diffusion). The violin, one of the most refined and expressive of traditional instruments, combines a peculiar physical interface with a rich acoustic diffuser. We have built a new instrument that includes elements of both the violin&apos;s physical performance interface and its spatial filtering audio diffuser, yet eliminates both the resonating body and the strings. The instrument, BoSSA (Bowed-Sensor-Speaker-Array), is an amalgamation and extension of our previous work with violin interfaces, physical models, and directional tonal radiation studies. In addition to describing the various physical and software elements that make up BoSSA, we discuss some of its musical features and potentials; we are particularly impressed by the sense of presence and intimacy it provides, and by its potential for creating a new kind of electronic chamber music. Traditional musical instruments provide compelling metaphors for human-computer interfacing,
The Chloroprocaine Controversy: II. Is Chloroprocaine Neurotoxic? (1984)

The preceding report (page 124) indicated that the use of chloroprocaine (2CP) for epidural anesthesia is not excessively hazardous if certain precautions are observed. We find in this report that 2CP is a safe local anesthetic drug. Severe neurodysfunction occurs in the isolated nerve when exposed to Nesacaine, the commercial 2CP preparation, which contains the additive sodium bisulfite (as an antioxidant) at low pH. We ascribe nerve function failure to the low intracellular pH resulting from SO 2 diffusion into the cell followed by hydration to H 2 SO 3 . The molecular SO 2 is liberated from bisulfite at low pH. The SO 2 concentration is dependent on the bisulfite concentration and the degree of pH depression. Application of the factors presented above, plus the factor of spinal compliance presented in the previous report, explains most of the paradoxical findings reported from other laboratories in the “chloroprocaine controversy.”
MM wave transmission polarizer (2005)

Anisotropic dielectric transmission polarizers composed of alternate layers of foam and dielectric (See Figure 1) are used at microwave frequencies for producing circular polarization. This type of polarizer, however, is rarely used at millimeter wavelengths because the layers must be thinner than 1/3 wavelength; therefore they become quite thin. A design centered at 94 GHz for example, is limited to a maximum material thickness of 0.030 in. for a polystyrene polarizer with polyfoam spacers. The machining, handling, and assembling of these layers is time consuming, and the parts as well as the resulting assembly are quite fragile and expensive. A design has been developed for an anisotropic dielectric polarizer that overcomes the fabrication difficulties encountered with this type of polarizer design at millimeter wavelengths. Two unique features of this design are: a) a half wavelength electrically invisible center supporting section that permits the polarizer to be fabricated from one piece of dielectric, and b) a quarter wavelength isotropic impedance matching section at each end of the polarizer that provides a relatively reflection free transition into and out of the polarizer for the electromagnetic wave.
Long‐term prognosis in galactosaemia: Results of a survey of 350 cases (1989)

An international survey of the long term results of treating galactosaemia has shown poor results. These do not seem to be related to any of the relevant variables studied, for example delayed diagnosis or poor dietary compliance.
Applications of the Lagged Normal Density Curve as a Model for Arterial Dilution Curves (1966)

1. Indicator dilution curves (concentration versus time) were recorded from the femoral and dorsalis pedis arteries of normal men after injections of indocyanine green into the superior vena cava or thoracic aorta. A four-parameter mathematical model, the lagged normal density curve, adequately described the form of the portion of these curves representing indicator passing by the sampling site for the first time. 2. The curves were observed to be of constant shape, the spread of the curve being approximately linearly related to the mean transit time t. The spread was dependent on the injection site; dispersion was shown to be greatest in the central circulation, less in the aorta, and still less in the arteries of the leg. For the latter segment, the mean transit time t. The spread was dependent 0.3 t, the square root of the variance was 0.18 t, and the parameters of the lagged normal density curve, σ and τ, were 0.09 t and 0.16 t, respectively. 3. The linear relationships between parameters of the recorded curves and the mean transit times indicate that the effect of rate of flow, over a range from resting values to four to six times above resting values, has almost no influence on the dispersion. This suggests that the flow characteristics are essentially unchanged over this range. Such linear relationships always occur with laminar flow but cannot prove its existence because turbulent flow can also produce this result. The similarity of the linear relationships at low flow rates to those at high flow rates, where turbulence almost certainly is present, suggests that arterial flow is usually turbulent. Turbulence may be expected at relatively low flow rates in nonhomogeneous fluids driven by a pulsatile head of pressure through elastic, branched, tapering, curved tubes.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Antimetastatic Agents Predicated upon Dihydromotuporamine C and Its Carbocyclic Derivatives (2014)

The motuporamines isolated from the sea sponge Xestospongia exigua are of biological interest because of their unique antimigration and antiangiogenic properties. Key bioactive features were found to be a saturated 15-membered heterocycle and a norspermidine motif. This paper describes new analogues that modulate the cytotoxicity of this compound class and have enhanced antimigration properties. By movement of the polyamine chain outside the ring, new carbocycles were discovered that doubled the antimigration potency and reduced compound toxicity by 133-fold. Mice injected with metastatic human L3.6pl pancreatic cancer cells demonstrated significant reduction in liver metastases when treated with N(1)-(3-aminopropyl)-N(3)-(cyclopentadecylmethyl)propane-1,3-diamine compared with dihydromotuporamine C. Significant changes in specific ceramide populations (N16:0 and N22:1) were noted in L3.6pl cells treated with dihydromotuporamine C but not for the cyclopentadecylmethylnorspermidine derivative, which had lower toxicity. Both compounds gave increased levels of specific low molecular weight sphingomyelins, suggesting that they may act upon sphingomyelin processing enzymes.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroarylation and the Subsequent Ring Enlargement of Methylenecyclopropanes to Cyclobutenes. (2016)

Abstract The intramolecular hydroarylation of methylenecyclopropanes containing aryl propargyl ethers gives 2H‐chromene derivatives under mild conditions.
Improved annotation through genome-scale metabolic modeling of Aspergillus oryzae (2008)

A much enhanced annotation of the A. oryzae genome was performed and a genome-scale metabolic model of A. oryzae was reconstructed. The model accurately predicted the growth and biomass yield on different carbon sources. The model serves as an important resource for gaining further insight into our understanding of A. oryzae physiology.
Fusion proteins composed of mouse IgG2a Fc and mouse beta-2-glycoprotein 1 bind to endothelial cells with exposed phosphatidylserine (2007)

4089 A promising target on tumor vasculature is phosphatidylserine (PS), an anionic phospholipid that resides exclusively on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane under normal conditions. We have previously shown that PS becomes exposed on the surface of viable endothelial cells (EC) in solid tumors. To target PS on tumor vasculature, a murine monoclonal antibody (3G4) was developed. 3G4 specifically localizes to the vasculature of solid tumors and inhibits growth of murine and human tumor xenografts. A chimeric version of 3G4 (bavituximab) is currently in clinical trials for treatment of solid tumor malignancies. Recently we determined that 3G4 recognizes PS through the formation of a complex with plasma protein beta-2-glycoprotein 1 (β2GP1). β2GP1 is a 50 kDa glycoprotein composed of five domains, including the positively charged domain V that binds anionic phospholipids. However, the interaction of β2GP1 with anionic phospholipids is weak under physiological conditions. Importantly, we demonstrated that 3G4 enhances the avidity of β2GP1 for membrane surfaces with exposed PS through the formation of multivalent 3G4/β2GP1/PS complexes. This increased avidity of β2GP1 for PS is likely responsible for targeting of 3G4 to tumor EC with exposed PS. We report here the construction of recombinant fusion proteins composed of mouse IgG2a Fc and mouse β2GP1. The Fc region is fused to the N-terminus of full-length β2GP1 or domain V only. This orientation was chosen to avoid interference with the lipid binding region in domain V of β2GP1, which is located at the extreme C-terminus of the protein. These compounds are generated as dimers, linked via disulfide bonds in the hinge region of the Fc tags. The dimeric construction provides the increased avidity necessary for these compounds to bind EC with exposed PS; thus, they behave in vitro much like the 3G4/β2GP1 complexes described previously. These Fc-β2GP1 compounds have potential as tumor therapeutic or imaging agents.
Non-Malleability from Malleability: Simulation-Sound Quasi-Adaptive NIZK Proofs and CCA2-Secure Encryption from Homomorphic Signatures (2014)

International audience
Yieldlike Constitutive Transition in Shear Flow of Entangled Polymeric Fluids (2003)

We describe an unexpected constitutive transition in entangled polymer solutions. At and beyond a critical stress, the initial spatially homogeneous and well-entangled sample transforms from its entangled (coiled) state into a fully disentangled (stretched) state over a period during which the resulting shear rate increases in a spatially inhomogeneous fashion. In the mode of controlled shear rate, the sample exhibits a stress plateau over three decades. Flow birefringence and normal stress observations unravel additional features of these flow phenomena.
EPC RFID Tags in Security Applications: Passport Cards, Enhanced Drivers Licenses, and Beyond (2008)

EPC (Electronic Product Code) tags are industry-standard RFID devices poised to supplant optical barcodes in many applications. They are prevalent in case and pallet tracking, and also percolating into individual consumer items and border-crossing documents. In this paper, we explore the systemic risks and challenges created by increasingly common use of EPC for security applications. As a central case study, we examine the recently issued United States Passport Card and Washington State \enhanced drivers license (WA EDL), both of which incorporate Gen-2 EPC tags. We explore several issues: 1. Cloning: We report on the data format of Passport Cards and WA EDLs and demonstrate their apparent susceptibility to straightforward cloning into o-theshelf EPC tags. We show that a key anti-cloning feature proposed by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (the tag-unique TID) remains undeployed in these cards.
Development of an Antagonistic SMA Actuator for Instar Rifle Stabilization System (2005)

Shape memory alloys are notoriously slow and suffer from creep and controllability issues [1,2]. This paper presents three methods to address these issues: a high-stress cyclic conditioning regime to reduce creep to operationally insignificant levels, an unconventional pulse-width-modulated duty cycle with heatsink to increase frequency to the ten hertz range, and simple position feedback control strategy for motion control. These methods are discussed within the context of a simple antagonistic leveraged SMA actuation system developed for an INertially STAbilized Rifle (INSTAR). An overview of design and basic parameter models for the L-Lever is provided along with benchtop experimental characterization of the quasistatic and dynamic behavior. The actuator was integrated into a one degree of freedom INSTAR platform to demonstrate the insitu methods via barrel control. The methods discussed in this paper led to a fast, low-creep, controllable actuator with outstanding authority resulting in precise barrel control with capabilities to greatly increase shooter accuracy.