gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anion-templated formation of a unique inorganic ‘super-adamantoid’ cage [Ag6(triphos)4(O3SCF3)4]2+ [triphos = (PPh2CH2)3CMe] (1998)

In the presence of templating anions, 2:3 molar mixtures of triphos and silver(I) cations unexpectedly give novel hexanuclear cages, which result from an unusual ‘endo-methyl’ geometry of the triphos ligands.
Serum IgG subclass concentrations in healthy adults: a study using monoclonal antisera. (1984)

IgG subclass concentrations have been measured in the sera of 172 healthy adults using monoclonal antisera. 'Normal ranges' are given. The findings were similar to those of previous studies of European populations but differed from the findings of the only other study of a large British population. In particular, low proportions of IgG4 in a British population have not been confirmed. IgG4 concentrations were higher in males than females (P = less than 0.00003) and IgG3 concentrations were higher in females than males (P = 0.034).
Cross-talk between Notch and the Estrogen Receptor in Breast Cancer Suggests Novel Therapeutic Approaches (2008)

High expression of Notch-1 and Jagged-1 mRNA correlates with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Elucidating the cross-talk between Notch and other major breast cancer pathways is necessary to determine which patients may benefit from Notch inhibitors, which agents should be combined with them, and which biomarkers indicate Notch activity in vivo. We explored expression of Notch receptors and ligands in clinical specimens, as well as activity, regulation, and effectors of Notch signaling using cell lines and xenografts. Ductal and lobular carcinomas commonly expressed Notch-1, Notch-4, and Jagged-1 at variable levels. However, in breast cancer cell lines, Notch-induced transcriptional activity did not correlate with Notch receptor levels and was highest in estrogen receptor alpha-negative (ERalpha(-)), Her2/Neu nonoverexpressing cells. In ERalpha(+) cells, estradiol inhibited Notch activity and Notch-1(IC) nuclear levels and affected Notch-1 cellular distribution. Tamoxifen and raloxifene blocked this effect, reactivating Notch. Notch-1 induced Notch-4. Notch-4 expression in clinical specimens correlated with proliferation (Ki67). In MDA-MB231 (ERalpha(-)) cells, Notch-1 knockdown or gamma-secretase inhibition decreased cyclins A and B1, causing G(2) arrest, p53-independent induction of NOXA, and death. In T47D:A18 (ERalpha(+)) cells, the same targets were affected, and Notch inhibition potentiated the effects of tamoxifen. In vivo, gamma-secretase inhibitor treatment arrested the growth of MDA-MB231 tumors and, in combination with tamoxifen, caused regression of T47D:A18 tumors. Our data indicate that combinations of antiestrogens and Notch inhibitors may be effective in ERalpha(+) breast cancers and that Notch signaling is a potential therapeutic target in ERalpha(-) breast cancers.
Explant Culture, Immunofluorescence and Electron-Microscopic Study of Flexor Retinaculum in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (1996)

Although flexor-retinaculum (FR) release provides dramatic relief from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the role of this ligament in CTS is not well understood. We have adopted a unique approach to study the cellular pathogenesis of CTS by establishing a method for the culture of cells of FR from subjects with and without CTS. The cultured cells were characterized by light, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, Western blot analysis, and growth studies. Two main differences between the CTS and control cells included a faster growth rate and an altered fine morphology that reveals the contractile nature of the CTS cells. It is possible that the presence of these contractile cells in FR is responsible for increasing the contractility of the FR, leading to a decrease in the volume of the carpal tunnel, thus exerting pressure on the median nerve and triggering CTS.
The idea and the reality (1988)

Dr Julia Brooking tells Tim Rice how she aims to unite clinical practice and academic theory
An SGK1 site in WNK4 regulates Na <sup>+</sup> channel and K <sup>+</sup> channel activity and has implications for aldosterone signaling and K <sup>+</sup> homeostasis (2007)

The steroid hormone aldosterone is secreted both in the setting of intravascular volume depletion and hyperkalemia, raising the question of how the kidney maximizes NaCl reabsorption in the former state while maximizing K(+) secretion in the latter. Mutations in WNK4 cause pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII), a disease featuring increased renal NaCl reabsorption and impaired K(+) secretion. PHAII-mutant WNK4 achieves these effects by increasing activity of the Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) and the Na(+) channel ENaC while concurrently inhibiting the renal outer medullary K(+) channel (ROMK). We now describe a functional state for WNK4 that promotes increased, rather than decreased, K(+) secretion. We show that WNK4 is phosphorylated by SGK1, a mediator of aldosterone signaling. Whereas wild-type WNK4 inhibits the activity of both ENaC and ROMK, a WNK4 mutation that mimics phosphorylation at the SGK1 site (WNK4(S1169D)) alleviates inhibition of both channels. The net result of these effects in the kidney would be increased K(+) secretion, because of both increased electrogenic Na(+) reabsorption and increased apical membrane K(+) permeability. Thus, modification at the PHAII and SGK1 sites in WNK4 impart opposite effects on K(+) secretion, decreasing or increasing ROMK activity and net K(+) secretion, respectively. This functional state for WNK4 would thus promote the desired physiologic response to hyperkalemia, and the fact that it is induced downstream of aldosterone signaling implicates WNK4 in the physiologic response to aldosterone with hyperkalemia. Together, the different states of WNK4 allow the kidney to provide distinct and appropriate integrated responses to intravascular volume depletion and hyperkalemia.
Characterization of Carbon Nanofiber Electrode Arrays Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: Effect of Scaling Down Electrode Size (2010)

We report here how the electrochemical impedance spectra change as (i) electrode size is reduced to nanometer scale and (ii) spacing between vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (VACNF) electrodes is varied. To study this, we used three types of electrodes: standard microdisks (100 microm Pt, 10 microm Au, and 7 microm glassy carbon), randomly grown (RG) VACNFs where spacing between electrodes is not fixed, and electron beam patterned VACNF nanoelectrode arrays (pNEAs) where electrode spacing is fixed at 1 microm. As the size of the microdisk electrode is reduced, the spectrum changed from a straight line to a semicircle accompanied by huge noise. Although a semicircle spectrum can directly indicate the electron transfer resistance (R(ct)) and thus is useful for biosensing applications, the noise from electrodes, particularly from those with diameters < or =10 microm, limits sensitivity. In the case of VACNFs, the electrode spacing controls the type of spectrum, that is, a straight line for RG VACNFs and a semicircle for pNEAs. In contrast to microdisks, pNEAs showed almost insignificant noise even at small perturbations (10 mV). Second, only pNEAs showed linearity as the amplitude of the sinusoidal signal was increased from 10 to 100 mV. The ability to apply large amplitudes reduces the stochastic errors, provides high stability, and improves signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. This new class of nanoelectrochemical system using carbon pNEAs offers unique properties such as semicircle spectra that fit into simple circuits, high S/N ratio, linearity, and tailor-made spectra for specific applications by controlling electrode size, spacing, and array size.
<title>Precision Aircraft, Tracking System</title> (1971)

The Sylvania Precision Aircraft Tracking System (PATS) is a precision laser radar system designed for tracking and position determination of cooperative targets which can be mounted with a retroreflector. The reflector provides a very strong laser pulse return which can be detected above the ambient illumination. During operation, the system accurately measures azimuth, elevation, and range of the target at sample rates up to 100 measurement sets per second. These data are available for recording on magnetic tape or realtime computer processing.
Ivermectin inactivates the kinase PAK1 and blocks the PAK1-dependent growth of human ovarian cancer and NF2 tumor cell lines. (2009)

Ivermectin is an old anti-parasitic antibiotic which selectively kills nematodes at a very low dose (0.2 mg/kg) by inhibiting their GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptor, but not mammalian counterpart. Interestingly, several years ago it was reported by a Russian group that Ivermectin can suppress almost completely the growth of human melanoma and a few other cancer xenografts in mice at the much higher doses (3-5 mg/kg) without any adverse effect on mice. However, its anti-cancer mechanism still remained to be clarified at the molecular levels, that would determine the specific type of cancers susceptible to this drug. The first hint towards its anti-PAK1 potential was a recent finding that Ivermectin at its sublethal doses dramatically reduces the litter size (number of eggs laid) of the tiny nematode C. elegans. Interestingly, either a PAK1-deficiency (gene knock-out) or treatment with natural anti-PAK1 products such as CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester) and ARC (artepillin C), the major anti-cancer ingredients in propolis, also causes the exactly same effect on this nematode, suggesting the possibility that the kinase PAK1 might be a new target of Ivermectin. This kinase is required for the growth of more than 70% of human cancers such as pancreatic, colon, breast and prostate cancers and NF (neurofibromatosis) tumors. Here we demonstrate for the first time that Ivermectin blocks the oncogenic kinase PAK1 in human ovarian cancer and NF2-deficient Schwannoma cell lines to suppress their PAK1-dependent growth in cell culture, with the IC50 between 5-20 μM depending on cell lines.
Pesticides (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPesticidesJoseph. Sherma and Gunter. ZweigCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 5, 1–15Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00282a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00282a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views457Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An elementary approach to modeling drug resistance in cancer (2010)

Resistance to drugs has been an ongoing obstacle to a successful treatment of many diseases. In this work we consider the problem of drug resistance in cancer, focusing on random genetic point mutations. Most previous works on mathematical models of such drug resistance have been based on stochastic methods. In contrast, our approach is based on an elementary, compartmental system of ordinary differential equations. We use our very simple approach to derive results on drug resistance that are comparable to those that were previously obtained using much more complex mathematical techniques. The simplicity of our model allows us to obtain analytic results for resistance to any number of drugs. In particular, we show that the amount of resistance generated before the start of the treatment, and present at some given time afterward, always depends on the turnover rate, no matter how many drugs are simultaneously used in the treatment.
Cyclic seesaw optimization and identification (2011)

In the seesaw (or cyclic or alternating) method for optimization and identification, the full parameter vector is divided into two or more subvectors and the process proceeds by sequentially optimizing each of the subvectors while holding the remaining parameters at their most recent values. One advantage of the scheme is the preservation of large investments in software while allowing for an extension of capability to include new parameters for estimation. A specific case involves cross-sectional data represented in state-space form, where there is interest in estimating the mean vector and covariance matrix of the initial state vector as well as parameters associated with the dynamics of the underlying differential equations. This paper shows that under reasonable conditions the cyclic scheme leads to parameter estimates that converge to the optimal joint value for the full vector of unknown parameters. Convergence conditions here differ from others in the literature. Further, relative to standard search methods on the full vector, numerical results here suggest a more general property of faster convergence as a consequence of the more “aggressive” (larger) gain coefficient (step size) possible in the seesaw algorithm.
Early Gastric Cancer: Current Advances of Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment (2016)

Endoscopy is a major method for early gastric cancer screening because of its high detection rate, but its diagnostic accuracy depends heavily on the availability of endoscopic instruments. Many novel endoscopic techniques have been shown to increase the diagnostic yield of early gastric cancer. With the improved detection rate of EGC, the endoscopic treatment has become widespread due to advances in the instruments available and endoscopist's experience. The aim of this review is to summarize frequently-used endoscopic diagnosis and treatment in early gastric cancer (EGC).
Ultra‐High Proton/Vanadium Selectivity for Hydrophobic Polymer Membranes with Intrinsic Nanopores for Redox Flow Battery (2016)

Hydrophobic polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) are successfully demonstrated as proton conducting separators in the all-vanadium redox flow battery with the unprecedented infinite proton/vanadium selectivity. A battery fabricated with a nanocomposite comprising a microporous support membrane and nanometer-thick selective PIM layer shows an energy efficiency of up to nearly 99%, while it is also stable during 100 cycles in cyclic performance. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Intranasal Lidocaine to Prevent Headache Following Migraine Aura (1999)

Intranasal lidocaine consistently prevented the development of headache symptoms following aura in this individual. Such an effect suggests a role for the sphenopalatine ganglion in the development of migraine pain.
971. The reactions of hexamethyldisilthiane and ethylthiotrimethylsilane with alcohols, thiols, acids, and amines (1961)

E. W. Abel, J. Chem. Soc., 1961, 4933 DOI: 10.1039/JR9610004933
Evaluating Alternative Methods for Capturing As-Built Data for Existing Facilities (2009)

There is a lack of intelligent digital data for effective support of improvements and/or maintenance of existing United States Army facilities. The move by the Corps of Engineers in mandating the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is the first step towards getting intelligent as-built engineering data into the hands of the installation's Directorate of Public Work (DPW). However, this only addresses new facilities, which represent a very small portion of the DPW's facility information needs. The real need is to find the most efficient method of capturing existing facility as-built information so that the DPW can maintain its daily operations and maintenance as well as real property asset management activities. This paper presents a comparative analysis of alternative technologies for capturing as-built information for existing facilities at Fort Lewis in Washington State. Field surveys were performed on four buildings over a period of four weeks to capture facilities data based on the COBIE (Construction Operations Building Information Exchange) standard. Data was captured using (1) paper forms and computer data entry, (2) laptop computers, (3) digital pens, and (4) handheld computers. Hand-held computers were determined to be the most efficient technology (cost and time) under the experimental conditions of the study. However, the most important findings of this study do not reside in the specific issues related to each technology, but in the lessons learned regarding three major challenges that uncovered during the experimental process: logistical issues, operational issues, and user interface issues.
Review on Intra-prediction in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard (2015)

The objective of this paper is to provide a review of the intra prediction part in recently developed HEVC standard. HEVC (H.265) standard is the latest enhanced video coding standard which was planned to improve the rendered specifications of its preceding standard MPEG-4 (H.264).The main goal of the HEVC standardization effort is to enable significantly improved compression performance relative to existing standard H.264. For similar video quality, HEVC bit-streams consume only about half of the bitrate compare to previous standard H.264. Any video possess redundant bits in every frame. For remove this redundancy prediction process is used. Intra-picture prediction is a tool in HEVC which uses some prediction of data spatially from region to region within a specific picture, but has no dependence on other pictures in the video frames. HEVC gives higher compression comparing with previous standard H.264 because of its new features like quadtree structure, more directional intra-prediction modes. HEVC suitable for resolutions up to Ultra High Definition (UHD) video coding in the future.
Getting the Most from a Database Trial (2010)

A vendor launches what they promise to be a fantastic new product which you can not do without so you set up a trial. At the end of the trial you have lots of well-balanced feedback from across your organisation that you can use to determine whether or not to take the product and which also gives you some points for negotiation. Well, that is the theory anyway! In this article Chrissy Street aims to give some guidance about how to get closer to this in practice.
Phase I Trial of PT-100 (PT-100), A Cytokine-Inducing Small Molecule, Following Chemotherapy for Solid Tumor Malignancy (2006)

PT-100 upregulates cytokine expression competitively inhibiting the dipeptidyl peptidase activity of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV). This dose-escalation study was conducted to evaluate the safety of PT-100 in patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy and to assess its effects on neutrophil recovery.PT-100 was administered orally for 7 days as a 200 microg, 400 microg, 800 microg, or 1,200 microg total daily dose (divided twice daily) to 6, 6, 17, and 5 patients, respectively. Patients received 2 cycles of chemotherapy: The first cycle served as each individual patient's control. Patients had to develop Grade 3+ neutropenia in Cycle 1 in order to receive PT-100 in Cycle 2. Most patients received PT-100 on Days 2-8 of chemotherapy in Cycle 2, except at 800 microg where an additional cohort (n = 8) was treated on a Days 5-11 schedule. Five of 7 patients receiving 800 microg on Days 2-8 experienced a >/=1-day improvement in Grade 3+ neutropenia in Cycle 2 versus Cycle 1. Overall, PT-100 was well tolerated. A reduction in chemotherapy-related nausea, vomiting, fatigue, alopecia, and diarrhea was noted in patients receiving PT-100. Edema/peripheral swelling, hypotension, hypovolemia, and dizziness were the most common nonhematologic adverse events considered related to PT-100. Two Grade 3 adverse events were considered related to PT-100: syncope (1,200 microg) and orthostatic hypotension (800 microg). A maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Given the accelerated neutrophil recovery, preclinical evidence of antitumor activity, and tolerable toxicities of PT-100, additional studies to optimize the PT-100 dosing schedule in patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy are needed.
Asymptomatic meningococcal urethritis. Possible protective value against gonococcal infection by bacteriocin production. (1973)

Neisseria species other than N. gonorrhoeae have been reported to cause symptomatic urethritis in the male. Carpenter and Charles (1942) described seven such cases due to the meningococcus in which there were no signs or symptoms of meningococ- caemia. Although several authors have described asymptomatic urethral carriers of N. gonorrhoeae (Bittiner and Horne, 1955; Landman and Gelmi, 1959; Pariser, Farmer, and Marino, 1964), there have been no reports of asymptomatic urethral infections by other Neisseria.
Modulation of the 3.39-μ Ne Line by Electro-Optic Gases (1967)

The Stark effect in several vibrational-rotational transitions in various gases which have the first vibrational excitation (the C–H stretching vibration) close to the 3.39-μ transition in neon have been studied in detail. Tuning of the source line from a He–Ne laser over a range of about 0.1 cm−1 was obtained by use of a solenoid. Observations were made of absolute and percentage modulation at various pressures of the gases and included the use of a buffer gas. Maximum modulation of 15% has been achieved. The possibilities for increasing this value and for attaining induced birefringence are also discussed.