gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Collective Information Practice: Exploring Privacy and Security as Social and Cultural Phenomena (2006)

Abstract As everyday life is increasingly conducted online, and as the electronic world continues to move out into the physical, the privacy of information and action and the security of information systems are increasingly a focus of concern both for the research community and the public at large. Accordingly, privacy and security are active topics of investigation from a wide range of perspectives-institutional, legislative, technical, interactional, and more. In this article, we wish to contribute toward a broad understanding of privacy and security not simply as technical phenomena but as embedded in social and cultural contexts. Privacy and security are difficult concepts to manage from a technical perspective precisely because they are caught up in larger collective rhetorics and practices of risk, danger, secrecy, trust, morality, identity, and more. Reductive attempts to deal with these issues separately produce incoherent or brittle results. We argue for a move away from narrow views of privacy and security and toward a holistic view of situated and collective information practice.
Transcutaneous Cranial Electrical Stimulation Increases the Potency of Nitrous Oxide in Humans (1982)

The potency, amnesic, and postanesthetic analgesic effects of transcutaneous cranial electrical stimulation (TCES) were evaluated during N2O anesthesia in 120 unpremedicated patients, prior to urologic or general surgical operations. The patients were divided into six groups of 20 each with respect to what concentration of N2O in oxygen they were allowed to breathe (75, 62.5, and 50%), and whether they were or were not stimulated with TCES. Recordings of heart and respiratory rates, systolic arterial blood pressure, and minute ventilation were made prior to and after 20 min of N2O, and one minute later following application of a Kocker clamp to the upper inner thigh for one minute. The presence or absence of movement during the painful stimulus, memory of the painful stimulus, and postanesthetic pain at the clamp site (20 min after anesthesia) were also evaluated. Patients who received TCES had significantly lower incidences of movement, memory of the painful stimulus, and postanesthetic pain at the stimulation site at each N2O concentration than patients not getting TCES. TCES did not alter circulatory and respiratory dynamics prior to painful stimulation and prevented an increase in arterial blood pressure during painful stimulation in patients receiving 50% N2O. These data indicate that TCES significantly increases the analgesic potency of N2O and probably also the depth of anesthesia.
Selective Activity‐Based Probes for Cysteine Cathepsins (2007)

By “reverse design”: The core structures of protease inhibitors, whose selectivity has been optimized by extensive medicinal chemistry, have been redesigned into selective protease substrates by replacing the reactive electrophilic group (e.g. nitrile) with a cleavable peptide bond. Attachment of appropriate reporter groups yields cell-permeable activity-based probes for the cellular imaging of selected cysteine cathepsins.
A double-blind randomized study on the effects of red clover isoflavones on the endometrium (2001)

In this small pilot study, we did not find, using immunohistochemical quantification of the Ki-67 antigen, that red clover isoflavones had an antiproliferative effect in the endometrium. Small sample size, examination of a relatively short interval in the menstrual cycle, and isoflavone formulation may have contributed to our lack of findings; however, we believe that the issue of isoflavones and their possible antiproliferative effect is deserving of further study. A simpler physiological model with less hormonal variability, such as healthy, recently menopausal women on predetermined doses of estrogen, may prove to be more informative.
Autosis: a new addition to the cell death tower of babel (2014)

Autophagy is a cellular recycling and stress response that\ndegrades organelles and long-lived proteins and serves to\nprotect cells from the potential damage induced by dysfunc-\ntional organelles and protein aggregates.\n\n can\nalso be used as a recycling or salvage process to provide\namino acids, nucleotides and other building blocks to protect\ncells from some, but not all, forms of starvation
Optical Properties of a Reflecting Cone (1970)

An expression giving the irradiance distribution in a plane perpendicular to the axis of a reflecting cone has been found for the case of an axial source. The result is consistent with the expected behavior of a plane, which is the limiting case of a reflecting cone. The irradiance varies inversely as the square of the sum of the distances of the source and the observation point from the cone. This variation is found to be in agreement with energy conservation.
In Vitro Microbicidal Activities of Cecropin Peptides D2A21 and D4E1 and Gel Formulations Containing 0.1 to 2% D2A21 against <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (2002)

Topically applied microbicides that eradicate pathogens at the time of initial exposure represent a powerful strategy for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections. To aid in the further development of an effective topical microbicide, we assessed the minimum cidal concentration (MCC) of two cecropin peptides, D2A21 and D4E1, and gel formulations containing 0.1 to 2% D2A21 against Chlamydia trachomatis in vitro. The MCC of peptide D2A21 was 5 microM (18.32 microg/ml), and that of peptide D4E1 was 7.5 microM (21.69 microg/ml). The MCC of gel formulations containing 2% D2A21 was 0.2 mM (0.7 mg/ml), and that of gel formulations containing 0.5% D2A21 was 0.2 mM (0.7 mg/ml). There was no significant variation in the results when two different C. trachomatis strains were tested, and the addition of 10% human blood did not significantly alter the MCCs. pH values above and below 7 reduced the activity of the D2A21 peptide alone, but the MCC of the 2% D2A21 gel formulation was only slightly altered at the various pHs tested. Ultrastructural studies indicated that C. trachomatis membranes were disrupted after D2A21 exposure, resulting in leakage of the cytoplasmic contents. These in vitro results suggest that these cecropin peptides may be an effective topical microbicide against C. trachomatis and support the need for further evaluation.
Investigating the relationship between QoS and QoE in a mixed desktop/handheld gaming setting (2009)

Innovative software and system development requires a multi-disciplinary approach where technical, objectively quantifiable Quality of Service aspects are integrated with and correlated to subjective Quality of Experience measures such as usability, user expectations and experiences. To date, QoS and QoE research has however mainly been carried out in an isolated manner. Their exact correlation consequently remains unclear. Using a collaborative multi-platform game as case study, we intend to investigate this relationship and hope to bridge the divide that currently exists between social, user-oriented research and technically-oriented application development by formulating recommendations and guidelines. To implement the QoS and QoE optimizations, we will rely on the NIProxy, a network proxy equipped with network traffic shaping and service provision functionality.
Optimizing stream programs using linear state space analysis (2005)

Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is becoming increasingly widespread in portable devices. Due to harsh constraints on power, latency, and throughput in embedded environments, developers often appeal to signal processing experts to hand-optimize algorithmic aspects of the application. However, such DSP optimizations are tedious, error-prone, and expensive, as they require sophisticated domain-specific knowledge.We present a general model for automatically representing and optimizing a large class of signal processing applications. The model is based on linear state space systems. A program is viewed as a set of filters, each of which has an input stream, an output stream, and a set of internal states. At each time step, the filter produces some outputs that are a linear combination of the inputs and the state values; the state values are also updated in a linear fashion. Examples of linear state space filters include IIR filters and linear difference equations.Using the state space representation, we describe a novel set of program transformations, including combination of adjacent filters, elimination of redundant states and reduction of the number of system parameters. We have implemented the optimizations in the StreamIt compiler and demonstrate improved generality over previous techniques.
Mammalian cell sialic acid enhances invasion by Trypanosoma cruzi (1993)

We have used a Chinese hamster ovary cell mutant (Lec2) that express much less sialic acid on the surface than the parental cell line (Pro5) to investigate whether sialic acid plays a role during cell invasion by Trypanosoma cruzi. Trypomastigotes derived from a tissue culture (corresponding to bloodstream trypomastigotes) and metacyclic trypomastigotes (corresponding to infective stages of the insect vector) invaded the Lec2 mutant less efficiently than the parental cell line. Invasion of the Lec2 mutant cells could be restored to the Pro5 level by resialylation of the mutant cells with T. cruzi trans-sialidase and sialyllactose. Conversely, pretreatment of the Pro5 parental cells with bacterial neuraminidase decreased invasion. These results indicate that sialic acid associated with the host cell contributes to invasion by T. cruzi.
Principal inpatient diagnostic cost group model for Medicare risk adjustment. (2000)

The Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 required HCFA to implement health-status-based risk adjustment for Medicare capitation payments for managed care plans by January 1, 2000. In support of this mandate, HCFA has been collecting inpatient encounter data from health plans since 1997. These data include diagnoses and other information that can be used to identify chronic medical problems that contribute to higher costs, so that health plans can be paid more when they care for sicker patients. In this article, the authors describe the risk-adjustment model HCFA is implementing in the year 2000, known as the Principal Inpatient Diagnostic Cost Group (PIPDCG) model.
Resolvin D Series and Protectin D1 Mitigate Acute Kidney Injury (2006)

Omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid is converted to potent resolvins (Rv) and protectin D1 (PD1), two newly identified families of natural mediators of resolution of inflammation. We report that, in response to bilateral ischemia/reperfusion injury, mouse kidneys produce D series resolvins (RvDs) and PD1. Administration of RvDs or PD1 to mice before the ischemia resulted in a reduction in functional and morphological kidney injury. Initiation of RvDs and RvD1 administration 10 min after reperfusion also resulted in protection of the kidney as measured by serum creatinine 24 and 48 h later. Interstitial fibrosis after ischemia/reperfusion was reduced in mice treated with RvDs. Both RvDs and PD1 reduced the number of infiltrating leukocytes and blocked TLR-mediated activation of macrophages. Thus, the renal production of Rv and protectins, a previously unrecognized endogenous anti-inflammatory response, may play an important role in protection against and resolution of acute kidney injury. These data may also have therapeutic implications for potentiation of recovery from acute kidney injury.
Relaxation Dynamics of CO<sub>2</sub> Diffusion, Sorption, and Polymer Swelling for Plasticized Polyimide Membranes (2003)

The CO2 permeability, solubility, and dilation of 6FDA-DAM:DABA 2:1 polyimide membranes exposed to pure CO2 at 40 atm and 35 °C were investigated over long times (up to 20 days). Swelling and sorption measurements were performed on 120 nm films with in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry. The sorption measurements by ellipsometry are compared with sorption into thick films (40−70 μm) by the pressure-decay technique. There is a strong correlation between the CO2 diffusion coefficient and the film swelling. Solid-state covalent cross-linking of the membranes with 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and thermal annealing of the polymer films with free acid groups leads to significantly improved ability to maintain a relatively constant CO2 diffusion coefficient over long times. Annealing at temperatures between 100 and 295 °C leads to similar sorption behavior but significantly different diffusion and swelling. Relaxation functions are fit to the permeation, sorption, and swelling data to quantify the relationships between these parameters. There is a correlation between the permeation and swelling relaxation times and the magnitude of the increase in each parameter due to the relaxations with respect to the annealing temperature of the film. However, the relaxation times in the thin film swelling are an order of magnitude faster than in the permeation through thick films. Cross-linking tends to slow down the polymer chain relaxations while decreasing the polymer swelling and stabilizing the CO2 diffusion coefficient under high CO2 feed pressures. Spectroscopic ellipsometry allows for rapid measurement of swelling and sorption of thin films on the length scale of the permselective skin of practical asymmetric membranes (0.1 μm).
A survey of research on context-aware homes (2003)

The seamless integration of people, devices and computation will soon become part of our daily life. Sensors, actuators, wireless networks and ubiquitous devices powered by intelligent computation will blend into future environments in which people will live. Despite showing great promise, research into future computing technologies is often far removed from the needs of users. The nature of such future systems is otten too obtrusive, seemingly denying their purpose. Furthermore, most research on context-aware environments and ubiquitous computing conducted so far has concentrated on supporting people while at work. This paper presents research issues that need to be addressed to enhance the quality of life for people living in context-aware homes. We survey current research and present strategies that facilitate the diffusion of information technology into homes in order to inspire positive emotions, encourage effortless exploration of content and help occupants to achieve tasks at hand.
Mentoring the Clinical Nurse in Nursing Research (2018)

The purpose of this article is to describe the research mentoring process used with a small team of nurses by a PhD prepared nurse certified as a Nursing Professional Development Specialist and as a Critical Care Clinical Nurse Specialist. It will describe how bedside nurses were actively engaged in the research process by having them learn about research while operationalizing that knowledge as simultaneously were mentored in conducting a relevant research study. The process described and discussed in this article should be useful to nurse leaders to facilitate removing the traditional barriers to nursing research that still remain in healthcare organizations today. These include lack of time and knowledge, about the process, lack of institutional support, and lack of mentoring through the process. It should also be helpful to nurse educators in the clinical area to encourage more nurses to participate in nursing research.
The steroid receptor coactivator SRC-3 (p/CIP/RAC3/AIB1/ACTR/TRAM-1) is required for normal growth, puberty, female reproductive function, and mammary gland development (2000)

Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) is a coactivator of nuclear receptors in the SRC family as assayed in vitro. Here, we show that mouse SRC-3 is expressed in a tissue-specific fashion and distributed mainly in the oocytes, mammary glands, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, smooth muscle, hepatocytes, and vaginal epithelium. Genetic disruption of SRC-3 in mice results in a pleiotropic phenotype showing dwarfism, delayed puberty, reduced female reproductive function, and blunted mammary gland development. Hormonal analysis indicates that SRC-3 plays a role in both the growth hormone regulatory pathway and the production of estrogen, which may explain the observed phenotypes. These results suggest that the physiological role of SRC-3 is different from that of SRC-1 and prove the diversity among coactivator family members.
The Effectiveness of the Domestic Smoke Alarm Signal (1999)

This research set out to determine if the signal from an inexpensive domestic smoke alarm is effective at providing early warning to a fire. An experiment was devised to investigate the effectiveness of the inexpensive domestic smoke alarm signal at alerting occupants to a fire event. The experiment involved constructing an alerting device which could sound an alarm, identical to that of a domestic smoke alarm, at predetermined times between 6pm and 6am. Volunteers from the risk groups of students, Maori and elderly participated for two weeks in the experiment by allowing an alerting device to be installed in their home and responding to three alarm calls. Data from the experiment was used to examine response times to the alarm signal and identify who is particularly at risk to harm from fire. Analysis of the data from the experiment aimed to conclude if inexpensive smoke alarms are effective at alerting occupants to a fire event. The inexpensive domestic smoke alarm signal was found to be 85% reliable at alerting occupants to a fire event, with children aged under ten years and adults whose sleep was influenced by the effects of alcohol identified as not being reliably woken by the alarm.
Improving the Capacity of a Mesh LoRa Network by Spreading-Factor-Based Network Clustering (2019)

LoRa is a low-power long-range IoT standard that uses the chirp spread spectrum technique, and we have strived to further extend its coverage by utilizing the direct device-to-device (D2D) links to construct a multi-hop relay network. In LoRa, the spreading factor (SF) is an important parameter, which not only provides great flexibility between the data rate and sensitivity but also presents a new dimension for multiple accesses. Our approach to improving the capacity of a multihop LoRa network is to attempt to off-load the data traffic into several subnets by utilizing this multiple-access dimension. Each subnet rooted at a sink node is allocated a specific SF on the basis of network clustering. This enables packet transmission in parallel with multiple SFs to become feasible. To allow such parallel transmissions, our considerations are: 1) ensuring the connectivity of all subnets; 2) off-loading the traffic according to the number of nodes, data rates, and network topologies of each subnet; and 3) shortening the airtime of each subnet by reducing the hop count. Toward these objectives, we present a tree-based SF clustering algorithm (TSCA) to conduct SF allocation in a multihop LoRa network. The TSCA focuses on balancing the airtime between the subnets while ensuring connectivity. Furthermore, we use simulations to show that our approach can significantly increase the network performance compared with other approaches. We additionally deploy a real-chip experiment to evaluate the feasibility of parallel transmission in practice.
A 96.7% efficient boost converter with a stand-by current of 420 nA for energy harvesting applications (2016)

This paper presents a voltage hysteresis controlled boost converter working in boundary mode for low power energy harvesting applications. Efficiencies up to 96.7% are reached. A flipped voltage follower based OTA-C integrator ensures current control with a static current consumption of 8.2 μA in the active phase and 420 nA in the standby phase. The boost converter can handle input voltages down to 0.9 V. The output voltage is adjustable from 1.3 V up to the technology limit of 3.3 V. The boost converter uses an external commercially available coil of 680 μH and operates at switching frequencies around 150 kHz. The circuit is realized in a 0.35 μm technology.
A delay lock loop using delay path cancellation for mobile communications (1996)

Abstract Under multipath fading channels, the conventional delay lock loop (DLL) performance is degraded because of delay jitter caused by multipath signals. This error causes a large performance degradation of signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). It is necessary to reject the multipath error in order to improve the CDMA mobile communications performance. This paper introduces a new tracking system which cancels the effect of the delayed paths. The proposed system consists of multi‐DLLs, an adaptive equalizer and a replica generator. This system generates a replica of the received signals by employing estimated values of the delay errors and the amplitude levels and removes the undesired signals from the received signal. The performance of this system is evaluated by computer simulations, showing a remarkable improvement of the delay jitter and a better performance of 3 dB at BER of 10 −2 .
Ellipsometric Study of Orientation‐Dependent Etching of Silicon in Aqueous  KOH (1985)

Ellipsometric measurements (in conjunction with observations of reflectance and cell current and voltage) have been performed in for Si wafers, of various crystallographic orientations and dopant types, during growth of surface films under anodic and cathodic bias and during open‐circuit etch back. The optical effects have been modeled in terms of the formation and removal of thin films on the Si surface, with contributions, in some cases, from surface roughness. Changes in the thickness and stoichiometry of the surface phase during various treatments provide a basis for a model of the Si etching chemistry and for the orientation dependence of the etch rate.
Remission of refractory lupus nephritis with a protocol including rituximab (2003)

Immunosuppression with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide is the standard of care for lupus nephritis. We report a 19-year old woman with lupus nephritis and nephrotic syndrome who had not achieved complete remission after treatment with 15.7 g cyclophosphamide and 13.7 g prednisone. We planned a consolidation phase with: 1) cyclophosphamide 20 mg/kg i.v. every 28 days for three cycles; 2) anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody (rituximab) 375 mg/m2 i.v. weekly for four weeks; and 3) slow tapering of prednisone p.o., q.o.d., after a reinduction dose during rituximab administration. At the end of this phase the patient achieved complete remission. An indefinite maintenance treatment with methotrexate, cyclosporin and low-dose prednisone was then started. Twenty-four months later the patient remains in remission. In the immunosuppressive treatment of lupus nephritis the insertion of a consolidation phase with rituximab combined with cyclophosphamide achieves a therapeutically important and lasting deletion of the lymphocyte clone responsible for autoimmunity.
Optical Imaging of Bacterial Infection in Living Mice Using a Fluorescent Near-Infrared Molecular Probe (2006)

An optical imaging probe was synthesized by attaching a near-infrared carbocyanine fluorophore to an affinity group containing two zinc(II) dipicolylamine (Zn-DPA) units. The probe has a strong and selective affinity for the surfaces of bacteria, and it was used to image infections of Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli bacteria in living nude mice. After intravenous injection, the probe selectively accumulates at the sites of localized bacterial infections in the thigh muscles of the mice.