gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrooptic Birefringence and Scattering of Hectorite Suspensions (1969)

A study is reported in which two suspensions of the rodlike clay mineral hectorite have been subjected to pulsed electric fields of up to 300 V cm(-1). As the hectorite particles were optically anisotropic, their partial alignment in the field rendered the over-all suspension birefringent. Under similar fields, the intensity of the light scattered from the suspensions also changed. The methods of detecting and recording the transient variations in both the birefringence and scattered light intensity have been outlined. By analyzing the transient responses in these optical properties as the pulsed electric field was applied and switched off, the rotary diffusion constant (D) and the ratio (r) of the permanent to the induced molecular dipole moments were obtained. Within the experimental errors, both methods gave identical results. The electrical parameters were indicated through the ratio 1/r = 4.7(+/-0.2). The negative sign indicated that the permanent and induced moments were associated with perpendicular axes of the particles, one along and the other across the major rod axis. Both this fact and the magnitude of r were in concord with previously published experiments on this mineral. Both of the suspensions were polydisperse. Particle sizes ranged from 1 microm to 1.3 microm and 1 microm to 2 microm for the two dispersions. Although the birefringence technique is well established, this is the first report in which the electrical parameters of large molecules have been determined using pulsed field light scattering. This method gave reliable molecular parameters, although the experimental data were associated with less sensitivity and greater experimental error than the birefringence measurements. A comparison was made between the two methods to indicate their relative merits.
HEMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF DIRECT MECHANICAL VENTRICULAR ACTUATION (1996)

Perez-Tamayo, R. A.; Anstadt, M. P.; Stafford, N. K.; Reisinger, R. J.; Ybarra, G.; McElhaney, J. E.; Lowe, J. E. Author Information
Nutrient isothiocyanates covalently modify and inhibit the inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) (2009)

Dietary ITCs (isothiocyanates) prevent cancer and show other bioactivities in vivo. As electrophiles, ITCs may covalently modify cellular proteins. Using a novel proteomics screen, we identified MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) as the principal target of nutrient ITCs in intact cells. ITCs covalently modify the N-terminal proline residue of MIF and extinguish its catalytic tautomerase activity. MIF deficiency does not prevent induction of Phase 2 gene expression, a hallmark of many cancer chemopreventives, including ITCs. Due to the emerging role of MIF in the control of malignant cell growth and its clear involvement in inflammation, inhibition of MIF by nutrient ITCs suggests therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Characterization of osteoclast precursors in human blood (2000)

Osteoclast precursors (OCPs) circulate in the mononuclear fraction of peripheral blood (PB), but their abundance and surface characteristics are unknown. Previous studies suggest that the receptor activator for NF‐κB (RANK) on cytokine‐treated OCPs in mouse bone marrow interacts with osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL/TRANCE/RANKL/ODF) to initiate osteoclast differentiation. Hence, we used a fluorescent form of human OPGL (Hu‐OPGL‐F) to identify possible RANK‐expressing OCPs in untreated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using fluorescence‐activated cell sorting analysis. Monocytes [CD14‐phycoerythrin (PE) antibody (Ab) positive (+) cells, 10–15% of PBMCs] all (98–100%) co‐labelled with Hu‐OPGL‐F ( n > 18). T lymphocytes (CD3‐PE Ab + cells, 66% of PBMCs) did not bind Hu‐OPGL‐F; however, B cells (CD19‐PE Ab + cells, 9% of PBMCs) were also positive for Hu‐OPGL‐F. All Hu‐OPGL‐F + monocytes also co‐labelled with CD33, CD61, CD11b, CD38, CD45 and CD54 Abs, but not CD34 or CD56 Abs. Hu‐OPGL‐F binding was dose dependent and competed with excess Hu‐OPGL. When Hu‐OPGL‐F + , CD14‐PE Ab + , CD33‐PE Ab + , Hu‐OPGL‐F + /CD14‐PE Ab + or Hu‐OPGL‐F + /CD33‐PE Ab + cells were cultured with OPGL (20 ng/ml) and colony‐stimulating factor (CSF)‐1 (25 ng/ml), OC‐like cells readily developed. Thus, all freshly isolated monocytes demonstrate displaceable Hu‐OPGL‐F binding, suggesting the presence of RANK on OCPs in PB; also, OCPs within a purified PB monocyte population form osteoclast‐like cells in the complete absence of other cell types in OPGL and CSF‐1 containing medium.
Threshold Monitoring of Urea SCR Systems (2006)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">To meet stringent 2010 NOx emissions, many manufacturers are expected to deploy urea selective catalytic reduction systems. Indications from ARB are that a threshold monitor must be developed to monitor their performance. The most capable monitoring technology at this time relies on NOx sensors.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper assesses the capability of the NOx sensor as an SCR monitoring device. To this end, the NOx sensor must be able to distinguish between a marginal and a threshold catalyst with enough separation to allow for variability. We present the noise factors associated with the NOx conversion of the SCR system, and analyze what NOx sensor accuracy we need to preserve separation in the face of those noise factors. It is shown that a 1.75 threshold monitor is not feasible with current NOx sensor technology. We analyze the benefit of a partial volume monitor, and show there is no advantage unless the slope error of the NOx sensor is drastically reduced from current levels.</div>
Flexor Tendon Tissue Engineering: Acellularization of Human Flexor Tendons with Preservation of Biomechanical Properties and Biocompatibility (2011)

Human flexor tendons were acellularized with 0.1% SDS in 0.1% EDTA for 24 h with preservation of mechanical properties. Preservation of collagen and glycoaminoglycans and re-seeding with human cells suggest that this scaffold is biocompatible. This will provide a promising scaffold for future human flexor tendon tissue engineering studies to further assess biocompatibility through cell proliferation and in vivo studies.
PMUs - A new approach to power network monitoring (2001)

Phasor measurement Being able to determine phasors across the power system at a fixed point in time has the potential to solve these problems. One of the key components of future utility systems will therefore be Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). PMUs rely on a GPS time signal for extremely accurate time-stamping of the power system information. A GPS satellite receiver (see box on page 60) provides a precise timing pulse, which is correlated with sampled voltage and current inputs typically the three phase voltages of a substation and the currents in lines, transformers, and loads terminating at the substation. From these 1 PMUs – A new approach to power network monitoring
성호 이익의 양봉에 관한 업적에 관한 업적고찰 (1) (1987)

So many ancient literal fragments of the earlist records on the honeybees and honey uses have been pointed out by some Korean scholars and scientists in many Korean literatures. Those earlist records, however, are not good enough for comprehensive understanding of the beekeeping which had been existed in ancient Korea. Author has recently found a possible earlist description of the honeybees and beekeeping achieved in about the middle of the time of Yi Dynasty. This review paper is concerned and discussed on a short biography of the late Mr. Lee-ik(1681~1736) and his historical achievements in old Korean beekeeping. He was not only one of the outstanding old realists in the Korean history, but also the earlist beekeeper and scientist in Korean apiculture as far as we know. In the early of 18th century, he described in detail the geographical conditions of bee culture, queen bees and her egg-laying, drone bees and life history of the honeybees. His works could be comparable with those of beekeeping scientists in ancient Europe. Then author would like to recognize his signigicant works in old Korean beekeeping and the works would be invaluable in understanding the old Korean beekeeping as far as the earlist old lituratures are concerned.
Bioenergetics in clinical medicine. IX. Gingival and leucocytic deficiencies of coenzyme Q10 in patients with periodontal disease. (1976)

The specific activities of the succinate dehydrogenase-coenzyme Q10 reductase in mitochondria were determined for patients from a normal periodontal practice. The criteria for selection were patients having a bone score of 1.0-4.0 and a pocket depth of 2.5-5.2 mm. All 29 patients showed a deficiency of 20-63% of CoQ10-enzyme activity in gingival biopsies. The mean value was elevated (P less than 0.001) over that of controls. For corresponding blood samples, 24/28 (86%) showed deficiencies of 20-66% and a higher (P less than 0.001) mean value than that of controls. Periodontal patients frequently have significant gingival and leucocytic deficiencies of CoQ10. The leucocytic deficiency indicates a systemic nutritional imbalance and is not likely caused by neglected oral hygiene. A gingival deficiency could predispose this tissue to periodontitis and this disease could even augment the deficiency. These results support previously suggested adjunctive use of CoQ10 with oral hygiene for improved treatment presumably through bioenergetics.
Use of Deeply Integrated GPS/INS Architecture and Laser Scanners for the Identification of Multipath Reflections in Urban Environments (2009)

This paper investigates the constructive use of multipath reflections of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals for navigation in urban environments. Urban navigation applications are generally characterized by a significant presence of multipath signals. In order to maintain reliable and accurate navigation capabilities, it is critical to distinguish between direct signal and multipath. At the same time, multipath reflections can be exploited as additional measurements for those cases where the number of direct path satellites is insufficient to compute the navigation solution. The paper develops a method for the identification of multipath reflections in received satellite signals: i.e., multipath is separated from direct signal and a line-of-site between the GPS receiver and a multipath reflecting object is determined. Once multipath reflections are identified, they can be used constructively for navigation. The method presented in the paper exploits an open-loop batch-processing GPS receiver, laser scanner and inertial navigation system (INS) to identify multipath reflections in received satellite signals. Experimental GPS, inertial and laser scanner data collected in real urban environments are applied to demonstrate identification of multipath reflections.
Federated policy management engine for reliable cloud computing (2017)

Cloud computing is a relatively emerging concept of providing dramatically scalable and virtualized IT resources. The lack of novel security controls for the cloud might arise from the fact that cloud computing is the convergence of many different technological areas, including virtualization and service oriented architectures. One of the most challenging issues in clouds is to provide an appropriate level of security for the virtualized infrastructure. Indeed, each individual cloud user needs to be granted reliable security level(s) based on defined details of SLA. In this paper, a federated policy-based resource classification model has been presented to classify and manage security levels in clouds and to provide efficient mapping between access requests and defined policies of each cloud node. This federation helps to decrease the processing power of evaluating each access request. Moreover, the process of mapping requests to target nodes is more efficient by clustering cloud nodes based on common policies. The reliability and efficiency of this policy-based classification schema have been evaluated by scientific performance, security and competitive analysis.
A hybrid 3D reconstruction/registration algorithm for correction of head motion in emission tomography (2002)

Even with head restraint, small head movements can occur during data acquisition for emission tomography, sufficiently large to result in detectable artifacts in the final reconstruction. Direct measurement of motion can be cumbersome and difficult to implement, whereas previous attempts to correct for motion based on measured projections have been limited to simple translation orthogonal to the projection. A fully 3D algorithm is proposed that estimates the patient orientation at any time based on the projection of motion-corrupted data, with incorporation of the measured motion within subsequent OSEM sub-iterations. Preliminary studies have been performed using a digital version of the Hoffman brain phantom. Movement was simulated by constructing a mixed set of projections in two discrete positions of the phantom. The algorithm determined the phantom orientation that best aligned each constructed projection with its corresponding, measured projection. In the case of simulated movement of 24 of 64 projections, all mis-positioned projections were correctly identified. The algorithm resulted in a reduction of mean square difference (MSD) between motion corrected and motion-free reconstructions compared to the MSD between uncorrected and motion-free reconstructions by a factor of 2.7.
Prestack imaging with 3-D common-offset-vector gathers (1999)

The natural extension of a common-offset gather (or section) from 2-D to 3-D is a common-offset-vector (COV) gather (or volume). A COV gather is a selection of traces with common inline-offset and common cross-line offset. It is similar, but not identical, to a common-offset-and-azimuth gather. For regular, wide-azimuth 3-D acquisition geometries, the prestack data can be subdivided naturally into N 1-fold COV gathers, where N is the nominal fold of the data. The resolution, as well as the data and operator aliasing issues, for a 3-D COV gather (or volume) can be analysed in the inline or crossline direction just like a 2-D common-offset gather (or section).
Effects of clofazimine alone or combined with dapsone on neutrophil and lymphocyte functions in normal individuals and patients with lepromatous leprosy (1982)

The effects of clofazimine on neutrophil activities such as random motility, migration to the leukoattractants endotoxin-activated serum and N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine phagocytosis of Candida albicans, postphagocytic hexose-monophosphate shunt activity, and myeloperoxidase-mediated iodination and the effects of clofazimine on lymphocyte transformation to mitogens were assessed in vitro and after ingestion of the drug by normal individuals and patients with lepromatous leprosy. For in vitro studies, the concentration range of the drug investigated was 10(-6) M to 10(-2) M. for in vivo studies, subjects ingested 200 mg of clofazimine daily for a period of 5 days. At concentrations of 5 X 10(-6) M to 5 X 10(-3) M clofazimine caused a progressive dose-dependent inhibition of neutrophil motility without detectable effects on phagocytosis, postphagocytic hexose-monophosphate shunt activity, or myeloperoxidase-mediated iodination. Over the same concentration range, clofazimine inhibited lymphocyte transformation. The inhibitory effect on neutrophil motility was associated with a spontaneous stimulation of oxidative metabolism and could be prevented by coincubation of dapsone with clofazimine. after ingestion of clofazimine responsiveness of lymphocytes to mitogens was decreased in normal volunteers and leprosy patients: neutrophil motility in normal individuals was likewise inhibited.
Non invasive echographic techniques for arterial wall characterization (2002)

The authors' goal is the definition of new vascular ultrasound modalities for the detection and the characterization of vascular diseases. They propose quantitative approaches for local arterial wall lesions evaluations based on ultrasonic measurements of the wall motion dynamics. A conventional ultrasound scanner is configured to provide a very high frame rate up to 200 frames per second. The arterial segments are axially visualized and the resulting RF signals are cross-correlated from frame to frame for the extraction of wall incremental motions. Wall displacements and intraparietal strain images are reconstructed providing dynamic images sequences. Arterial dilations and wall displacements are dynamically superimposed on the grey scale images. In vitro and in vivo data have been processed in order to test and validate these new procedures. In particular, strain images acquired in vitro on arterial samples are compared with the corresponding anatomo-pathological analysis. Wall displacements measurements are confronted to a mechanical model describing arterial lesions as local defects in elastic tubes. The proposed displays are very attractive to observe the arterial wall behaviour in case of plaques or stenoses. Moreover, the obtained wall motions are in good accordance with the modelized ones. These new ultrasonic procedures dynamically describe the mechanical consequences of arterial lesions. It will probably enable physicians to evaluate vascular diseases with pertinent criteria based directly on the arterial wall state.
Identifying Cutaneous Allodynia in Chronic Migraine Using a Practical Clinical Method (2007)

Cutaneous allodynia is common in migraine. In the majority of previous studies on allodynia in migraine, only patients with episodic migraine (EM) were included. Little is known on patterns of allodynia in chronic migraine (CM). Since the presence of allodynia is associated with a poor response to triptans, a clinically practical method to test migraine patients for allodynia would be useful to the clinician. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dynamic mechanical (brush) allodynia (BA) in CM, using a clinically practical method. Eighty-nine CM patients were prospectively recruited. Patients were given a structured questionnaire regarding demographic data and migraine characteristics. Allodynia was tested using a 10 x 10-cm gauze pad to brush various areas of the skin lightly. The prevalence of BA in the entire study population and in different patient subgroups was calculated. BA was present in 42.7% (38/89) of the patients. The presence of allodynia was unrelated to age, disease duration or to the occurrence of an acute headache exacerbation at the time of testing. Allodynia was positively associated with a history of migraine aura. BA was most common in the cephalic area, but was also seen in cervical dermatomes. BA is common in CM and, unlike in EM, is not significantly affected by the occurrence of an acute headache exacerbation. This suggests that central trigeminovascular neurons are chronically sensitized in patients experiencing migraine headache >15 days per month. The testing of BA in the clinical setting is possible using a simple and brief approach. It allows the clinician to determine whether the patient is sensitized, a diagnosis that affects treatment decisions.
Integrating caregiver report with systematic choice assessment to enhance reinforcer identification. (1996)

To determine client preferences, we asked caregivers to rank-order, according to predicted client preference, a standard list of items and a list generated using a structured interview for caregivers, the Reinforcer Assessment for Individuals with Severe Disabilities. Systematic choice assessments were then conducted with both sets of stimuli. A concurrent operants paradigm was used to compare the reinforcing effects of the highest preference stimulus identified from each list. Results indicated that caregiver predictions of client preferences were slightly better for the set of stimuli they generated than for the standard set, and the choice assessment identified more potent reinforcers from the set of stimuli generated by the caregivers than from the standard set.
Adaptive noise removal from biomedical signals using warped polynomials (1996)

This paper presents the time-warped polynomial filter (TWPF), a new interval-adaptive filter for removing stationary noise from nonstationary biomedical signals. The filter fits warped polynomials to large segments of such signals. This can be interpreted as low-pass filtering with a time-varying cut-off frequency. In optimal operation, the filter's cut-off frequency equals the local signal bandwidth. However, the paper also presents an iterative filter adaptation algorithm, which does not rely on the (complicated) computation of the local bandwidth. The TWPF has some important advantages over existing adaptive noise removal techniques: it reacts immediately to changes in the signal's properties, independently of the desired noise reduction; it does not require a reference signal and can be applied to nonperiodical signals. In case of quasiperiodical signals, applying the TWPF to the individual signal periods leads to an optimal noise reduction. However, the TWPF can also be applied to intervals of fixed size, at the expense of a slightly lower noise reduction. This is the way nonquasiperiodical signals are filtered. The paper presents experimental results which demonstrate the usefulness of the interval-adaptive filter in several biomedical applications: noise removal from ECG, respiratory and blood pressure signals, and base line restoration of electro-encephalograms (EEG's).
Cloning and Expression of the Canine Interferon-β Gene (1996)

We isolated the canine interferon-beta (IFN-beta) gene from dog liver chromosomal DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The coding region encodes a predicted protein of 197 amino acids, consisting of a signal sequence of 32 amino acids and a mature IFN-beta of 165 amino acids. In the IFN-beta sequence, there are five potential N-glycosylation sites and four cysteine residues. Canine IFN-beta has 44% and 60% amino acid sequence homology with murine and human IFN-beta, respectively, whereas it has only 28% homology with canine IFN-alpha. The canine IFN-beta gene was expressed in insect cells under the control of the polyhedrin promoter in a recombinant baculovirus. After infecting Sf21 cells with the recombinant baculovirus, IFN activity was detected in the culture medium, indicating that it is secreted from the cells. This activity was stable from pH 2 to 12 for 18 h at 4 degrees C. Southern blot analysis indicated that the gene for canine IFN-beta is a single gene in the dog haploid chromosome.
The Acetyl Derivatives of Gluconic and Xylonic Acids (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Acetyl Derivatives of Gluconic and Xylonic AcidsRandolph T. Major and Elmer W. CookCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 12, 2474–2477Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1936https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01303a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01303a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts