gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Wearable Inertial Measurement System With Complementary Filter for Gait Analysis of Patients With Stroke or Parkinson’s Disease (2016)

This paper presents a wearable inertial measurement system and its associated spatiotemporal gait analysis algorithm to obtain quantitative measurements and explore clinical indicators from the spatiotemporal gait patterns for patients with stroke or Parkinson's disease. The wearable system is composed of a microcontroller, a triaxial accelerometer, a triaxial gyroscope, and an RF wireless transmission module. The spatiotemporal gait analysis algorithm, consisting of procedures of inertial signal acquisition, signal preprocessing, gait phase detection, and ankle range of motion estimation, has been developed for extracting gait features from accelerations and angular velocities. In order to estimate accurate ankle range of motion, we have integrated accelerations and angular velocities into a complementary filter for reducing the accumulation of integration error of inertial signals. All 24 participants mounted the system on their foot to walk along a straight line of 10 m at normal speed and their walking recordings were collected to validate the effectiveness of the proposed system and algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed inertial measurement system with the designed spatiotemporal gait analysis algorithm is a promising tool for automatically analyzing spatiotemporal gait information, serving as clinical indicators for monitoring therapeutic efficacy for diagnosis of stroke or Parkinson's disease.
Busbar protection: a critical review of methods and practice (1943)

One result of the rising standard of reliability of electrical distribution systems has been to enhance the importance of the busbars in such systems. The paper draws attention to the prevalent inadequacy of the protective arrangements of those busbars in an analysis of the character of the protection given to them as an incidental feature of the protection applied to elements other than the busbars; and contrasts this with the protection afforded by schemes specially developed for application to the busbars themselves. The desirable attributes of such specialized schemes are discussed and some of the principles employed are described and illustrated by examples. A guide to the choice of a suitable scheme for a variety of cases is given, together with some recommendations concerning supplementary measures designed to limit and localize the damage consequent on busbar faults, and to facilitate repairs.
An integral manifold approach to reduced order dynamic modeling of synchronous machines (1988)

The concept of integral manifolds is used to create systematically improved reduced-order models of synchronous machines. The approach is illustrated through a detailed example of a single machine connected to an infinite bus. The example shows the advantages of the manifold approach and clarifies several issues regarding such models. The basic objective of the method is to include the effects of more complex models without including the additional differential equations. This is illustrated for the effects of stator transients and damper windings on the swing equation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Using PROLOG for rapid prototyping of telecommunication systems (1989)

Rapid prototyping techniques can be used for the incremental system design of large systems and for the tools required to build them-instead of designing the complete system and then going into a lengthy implementation and test phase, the various components of the system can be prototyped and tested within a very short time. In this manner costly faults in the system design are isolated at an early stage in a project and experiments with alternative implementation techniques can be performed before being committed to a particular technology. The work described in the paper builds upon some of the conclusions of Armstrong et. al. (1986), and in particular addresses the problems of a language for prototyping telephony software. The implementation of a prototyping language, prototyping environment and experiences of using this environment are discussed.
<title>Flip-chip process development using recessed bonding pads for laser/MEMS integration</title> (1999)

This paper presents and discusses experimental results which successfully demonstrate using flip-chip techniques, the bonding and operation of a GaAs edge emitting laser on a silicon substrate having recessed bonding pads. The flip chip alignment and bonding technique is discussed first, focusing on experimental results for both flux and flux-less forms of solder bump processing, the developed flux-less technique is shown to provide comparable solder bump integrity and yield. Subsequent to the newly developed solder bump fabrication methodology shown, a recessed bonding pad design is introduced and demonstrated experimentally to aid in the final coarse alignment and assembly of the GaAs laser device onto a silicon substrate. Together both the flux-less solder bump and bonding pad recess design and fabrication processes provide increased reliability for integration with MEMS and MOEMS based devices and systems over traditional methods for hybrid device attachment.
Mode of action of tubulozoles against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro (1990)

The mode of action of the tubulozole isomers, recently recognized as a new class of potential antimalarial agents, was investigated. Whereas neither glycolysis, protease activity, or nucleic acid biosynthesis was primarily affected, protein biosynthesis decreased soon after addition of the drug. Inhibitors of protein biosynthesis, however, did not show synergistic activity with tubulozole. Colcemid, on the other hand, had an effect on protein synthesis similar to that seen with the tubulozoles. Furthermore, combinations of the tubulozole isomers with compounds known to interact with tubulin inhibited malaria in a synergistic or antagonistic fashion. Therefore, the inhibition might be elicited by interaction with tubulin or some other component of the microtubules. This is remarkable insofar as only one of the tubulozole isomers affects mammalian cells by binding to tubulin.
Excimer-laser activation of dopants in silicon: a new concept for a uniform treatment over a whole die area (2002)

Formation of ultra shallow junction will need laser annealing process in an imminent future. The VEL 15 laser source from SOPRA allows to anneal in a single shot a complete die with /spl plusmn/3.5% uniformity, and with enough energy to melt silicon and activate dopants. Boron and BF/sub 2/ implanted wafers have been laser annealed, and then characterized with different techniques. Ultra shallow junction around 20 nm and less than 400 Ohms/sq have been performed. Feasibility of highly activated p-type junction is demonstrated with a whole die area exposition.
Cortical biopsy in Alzheimer's disease: Diagnostic accuracy and neurochemical, neuropathological, and cognitive correlations (1992)

Neurochemical assessments were performed on biopsy samples taken from the right frontal lobe of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD), before the implantation of a ventricular catheter and pump assembly for the infusion of bethanechol chloride as an experimental therapy. The pathologically diagnosed patients with AD (n = 35; mean age, 67 +/- 1.5 yr) were compared with a group of samples from normal age-equivalent autopsied controls (n = 22; mean age, 68 +/- 2 yr) and autopsied AD brains (n = 11; mean age, 73 +/- 2 yr). Samples were assayed for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase, binding to [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate as an index of total muscarinic cholinergic binding, and [3H]pirenzepine binding as an index of M1 cholinergic receptor subtype binding. Mean levels of ChAT activity were decreased in the biopsied patients to 36% of age-matched autopsied controls. The loss of ChAT activity correlated significantly with the Mini-Mental State Examination, an index of global cognitive function. Mean ChAT activity in autopsied AD cortex was further decreased compared with controls, indicating continuous decline through the course of the disease. Acetylcholinesterase followed a similar, less dramatic decline. No differences were found in [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate binding or [3H]pirenzepine binding between biopsied and autopsied controls. Neuritic plaque counts did not correlate with either the Mini-Mental State Examination or ChAT activity in the biopsy specimens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Signaling through T lymphocyte surface proteins, TCR/CD3 and CD28, activates the HIV-1 long terminal repeat. (1989)

The state of T cell activation and proliferation controls HIV-1 replication and gene expression. Previously, we demonstrated that the administration of PHA and PMA to the human T cell line Jurkat activates the HIV-1 enhancer, which is composed of two nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B) binding sites. Here, we show that PMA alone is sufficient for this effect. In addition, activation of T cells through the surface proteins TCR/CD3 and CD28 increased gene expression directed by the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) to the same extent as PMA. Analysis of 5' deletions in the LTR revealed that the NF kappa B binding sites and sequences in the upstream U3 region are required for this response. Whereas cyclosporin A did not inhibit the effect of PMA, it reduced the effects of agonists to TCR/CD3 and CD28 on the LTR. H7, an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), blocked the effects of all stimuli. Thus, PMA activates the NF kappa B sites through a PKC-dependent pathway while ligands to TCR/CD3 and CD28 activate the LTR through a cyclosporin A-sensitive, PKC-dependent pathway of T cell activation. We conclude that mechanisms involved in the expression of IL-2 and the alpha-chain of the IL-2R alpha genes also play a role in the regulation of HIV-1. Physiologic stimuli can activate HIV-1 gene expression; agents that block T cell activation also inhibit activation of the LTR. These observations might serve as a model for the regulation of HIV-1 gene expression in peripheral blood T cells.
Large absolute photonic band gaps created by rotating noncircular rods in two-dimensional lattices (1999)

Absolute photonic band gaps (PBG's) can be substantially improved in two-dimensional (2D) lattices by rotating noncircular air rods in dielectric background, in which the configuration of high-dielectric regions that are both practically isolated and linked by narrow veins can be freely adjusted to create large absolute PBG's. For square lattice, the largest absolute PBG's in the single-square-rod and double-hybrid-rods structures are 315 and 150 % sizes of those in the corresponding single-circular-rod and double-circular-rods structures, respectively. Furthermore, the large absolute PBG's persist in a wide range of filling fractions and reach their maxima far away from the close-packed conditions, and this is in vast favor of preparation of crystals. Such an approach is also applicable to other 2D lattices. It may open up a scope for engineering PBG's.
Age‐associated Changes in the Response of Skeletal Muscle Cells to Exercise and Regeneration<sup>a</sup> (1998)

This paper looks at the effects of aging on the response of skeletal muscle to exercise from the perspective of the behavior of muscle precursor cells (widely termed satellite cells or myoblasts) and regeneration. The paper starts by outlining the ways in which skeletal muscle can respond to damage resulting from exercise or other trauma. The age-related changes within skeletal muscle tissue and the host environment that may affect the proliferation and fusion of myoblasts in response to injury in old animals are explored. Finally, in vivo and in vitro data concerning the wide range of signaling molecules that stimulate satellite cells and other aspects of regeneration are discussed with respect to aging. Emphasis is placed on the important role of the host environment, inflammatory cells, growth factors and their receptors (particularly for FGF-2), and the extracellular matrix.
Multiple plasma proteins control atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) aggregation (2004)

We have recently demonstrated that human alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP), an amyloidogenic peptide responsible for isolated atrial amyloidosis, binds to a dimeric form of apo A-I belonging to small high-density lipoproteins (HDL). This binding phenomenon is considered a protective mechanism since it inhibits or strongly reduces the ANP aggregation process. The observation that plasma exhibits at least four times greater amyloid inhibitory activity than HDL prompted us to determine whether small HDL are the only ANP plasma-binding factors. After incubation of whole plasma with labelled ANP, the macromolecular complexes were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography. The results presented here provide novel evidence of additional binding proteins, in addition to apo A-I dimer, able to bind ANP in vitro and to prevent its aggregation. The mass spectrometry analysis of the radioactive spots identified them as albumin, alpha-1 antitrypsin, orosomucoid and apo A-IV-TTR complex. The putative impact of these findings in the amyloidogenic/antiamyloidogenic peptides network is discussed.
A radial shear interferometer for testing microscope objectives (1965)

A new form of radial shear interferometer is described, designed for testing microscope objectives in double passage. It is based on a lens system with birefringent components. The interferometer described has been used for testing for both spherical and chromatic aberrations.
Solitary pulmonary nodules: determining the likelihood of malignancy with neural network analysis. (1995)

The Bayesian method was better than the neural network in prediction of probability of malignancy in solitary pulmonary nodules.
Functionalized Nanodiamonds as Nanoagents in Materials and Life Sciences (2009)

Abstract Ultradisperse nanodiamonds can be implemented as nanoagents in materials and life sciences by chemical or biological activation. In this paper we show the potential of nanodiamonds for specific applications in the fields of corrosion resistance and cell biology. We demonstrate that nanodiamonds can be used to refine surfaces in order to improve corrosion resistance, to increase adhesion properties, or to establish an on-line surface analysis technique, e.g. for corrosion monitoring, based on their optical properties. We further applied ultradisperse nanodiamonds in cell biology. Our data show that nanodiamonds can be taken up by living cells via transfection in the presence of dendrimers. Upon functionalization with antibodies, nanodiamonds can be targeted to specific intracellular structures.
Current measurement in power electronic and motor drive applications - a comprehensive study (2007)

Current measurement has many applications in power electronics and motor drives. Current measurement is used for control, protection, monitoring, and power management purposes. Parameters such as low cost, accuracy, high current measurement, isolation needs, broad frequency bandwidth, linearity and stability with temperature variations, high immunity to dv/dt, low realization effort, fast response time, and compatibility with integration process are required to ensure high performance of current sensors. Various current sensing techniques based on different physical effects such as Faraday’s induction law, Ohm’s law, Lorentz force law, magneto-resistance effect, and magnetic saturation are studied in this thesis. Review and examination of these current measurement methods are presented. The most common current sensing method is to insert a sensing resistor in the path of an unknown current. This method incurs significant power loss in a sense resistor at high output currents. Alternatives for accurate and lossless current measurement are presented in this thesis. Various current sensing techniques with self-tuning and selfcalibration for accurate and continuous current measurement are also discussed. Isolation and large bandwidth from dc to several kilo-hertz or mega-hertz are the most difficult, but also most crucial characteristics of current measurement. Electromagnetic-based current sensing techniques, which are used to achieve these characteristics, are analyzed. Many applications require average current information for control purposes. Different average current sensing methods of measuring average current are also reviewed.
5.4.2 A Solution to the Risk Management / Innovation Dilemma (2001)

Abstract Risk management is a proven, accepted form of control for large, multi‐faceted technical development programs; however, it may be ‘detrimental’ to some or all of these programs due to inaccuracies in its mathematical and cultural basis. We hypothesize that Risk Management is inappropriate for many programs; particularly small projects, technology development and insertion programs, and R&D projects. Risk management can also hinder ingenuity and promote mediocrity in larger programs, especially during the critical concept exploration and preliminary design phases. In short, a modified version of Risk Management is proposed. This new version is directly linked to the strategic goals of the organization; it is designed to foster innovation without sacrificing robust design and good program management. The method is called Strategic Risk Management and is also known as Three Dimensional Risk Management (3DRM“©®, Pat. Pend.). It uses a newly constructed risk consequence chart designed to correct the flaws in today's risk management programs and is easily applied to existing risk programs or developed in new programs. Each point on the likelihood/consequence curve is numerically linked to the organizations goals, tactics, and strategies, and is program phased, hence the third dimension. In effect, 3DRM creates three totally new risk management quadrants organized by phase, and maintains the traditional curve as quadrant three. A powerful graphical summary view is also presented, which highlights the juxtaposition between the risk level and expected return of each item, and overlays the original goals of that item. In the following pages we will attempt to quantify several of the assumptions behind the statements above while proposing a modified form of Risk management for use in all programs, large and small, conceptual and mature. ‐Author's note: This paper is written for the risk management professional and assumes a basic knowledge of risk management; including identification, consequence and likelihood setting, mitigation planning and tracking. Our desire is not to dismantle any currently implemented risk management program or preclude a future program, but to offer the possibility of amending and improving the process.
Carrier dynamics in semiconductors studied with time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy (2011)

Time-resolved, pulsed terahertz spectroscopy has developed into a powerful tool to study charge carrier dynamics in semiconductors and semiconductor structures over the past decades. Covering the energy range from a few to about 100 meV, terahertz radiation is sensitive to the response of charge quasiparticles, e.g., free carriers, polarons, and excitons. The distinct spectral signatures of these different quasiparticles in the THz range allow their discrimination and characterization using pulsed THz radiation. This frequency region is also well suited for the study of phonon resonances and intraband transitions in low-dimensional systems. Moreover, using a pump-probe scheme, it is possible to monitor the nonequilibrium time evolution of carriers and low-energy excitations with sub-ps time resolution. Being an all-optical technique, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is contact-free and noninvasive and hence suited to probe the conductivity of, particularly, nanostructured materials that are difficult or impossible to access with other methods. The latest developments in the application of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to bulk and nanostructured semiconductors are reviewed.
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/ MASS SPECTROMETRY (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/ MASS SPECTROMETRYCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 14, 1423APublication Date (Print):December 1, 1986Publication History Published online29 May 2012Published inissue 1 December 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00127a737RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (224 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The Effect of Micro-Pore Configuration on the Flow and Thermal Fields of Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (2012)

Currently, the technology of CO 2 capture and storage (CCS) has become the main issue for climate change and global warming. Among CCS technologies, the prediction of CO 2 behavior underground is very critical for CO 2 storage design, especially for its safety. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to model and simulate CO 2 flow and its heat transfer characteristics in a storage site, for more accurate evaluation of the safety for CO 2 storage process. In the present study, as part of the storage design, a micro pore-scale model was developed to mimic real porous structure, and computational fluid dynamics was applied to calculate the CO 2 flow and thermal fields in the micro pore-scale porous structure. Three different configurations of 3-dimensional (3D) micro-pore structures were developed, and compared. In particular, the technique of assigning random pore size in 3D porous media was considered. For the computation, physical conditions such as temperature and pressure were set up, equivalent to the underground condition at which the CO 2 fluid was injected. From the results, the characteristics of the flow and thermal fields of CO 2 were scrutinized, and the influence of the configuration of the micro-pore structure on the flow and scalar transport was investigated.
Scorpionate‐Type Coordination in MFU‐4<i>l</i> Metal–Organic Frameworks: Small‐Molecule Binding and Activation upon the Thermally Activated Formation of Open Metal Sites (2014)

Postsynthetic metal and ligand exchange is a versatile approach towards functionalized MFU-4l frameworks. Upon thermal treatment of MFU-4l formates, coordinatively strongly unsaturated metal centers, such as zinc(II) hydride or copper(I) species, are generated selectively. Cu(I)-MFU-4l prepared in this way was stable under ambient conditions and showed fully reversible chemisorption of small molecules, such as O2, N2, and H2, with corresponding isosteric heats of adsorption of 53, 42, and 32 kJ mol(-1), respectively, as determined by gas-sorption measurements and confirmed by DFT calculations. Moreover, Cu(I)-MFU-4l formed stable complexes with C2H4 and CO. These complexes were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. The demonstrated hydride transfer to electrophiles and strong binding of small gas molecules suggests these novel, yet robust, metal-organic frameworks with open metal sites as promising catalytic materials comprising earth-abundant metal elements.