gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel method for blind frequency offset correction in an OFDM system (2002)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is believed to be an important technique for future wireline and wireless communications. One of the major disadvantages of such a multi-carrier modulation is the sensitivity of the performance to a frequency offset. The frequency offset can result from a Doppler shift due to mobile movement as well as from a carrier frequency synchronization error. Such a frequency offset causes a loss of the carriers' orthogonality, and hence inter-carrier interference (ICI). A previously proposed method to estimate and correct the frequency offset uses the retransmission of a data symbol, thus reducing the bandwidth efficiency. Another method, which merely reduces the effects of the ICI instead of completely correcting for effects of the frequency offset is based on repetition coding in the frequency domain, hence also reducing the throughput. In this paper, we propose a blind method using the correlation of the samples at the output of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to estimate the frequency offset. As no training sequence or symbol retransmission is required there is no loss in bandwidth efficiency. Additionally, we develop an adaptive algorithm for the frequency offset correction. The derived algorithm is basically a stochastic gradient algorithm which minimizes the mean squared frequency offset error.
Role of Intraoperative Cholangiography in Avoiding Bile Duct Injury (2007)

Abbreviations and Acronyms: CBD: common bile duct; IOC: intraoperative cholangiogram; LC: laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Noni) and Its Potential in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction (2017)

Cultural and economic shifts in the early 19th century led to the rapid development of companies that made good profits from technologically-produced commodities. In this way, some habits changed in society, such as the overconsumption of processed and micronutrient-poor foods and devices that gave rise to a sedentary lifestyle. These factors influenced host-microbiome interactions which, in turn, mediated the etiopathogenesis of "new-era" disorders and diseases, which are closely related, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, and inflammatory bowel disease, which are characterized by chronic dysregulation of metabolic and immune processes. These pathological conditions require novel and effective therapeutic approaches. <i>Morinda</i><i>citrifolia</i> (noni) is well known as a traditional healing plant due to its medicinal properties. Thus, many studies have been conducted to understand its bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action. However, in obesity and obesity-related metabolic (dysfunction) syndrome, other studies are necessary to better elucidate noni's mechanisms of action, mainly due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of obesity and its metabolic dysfunction. In this review, we summarize not only the clinical effects, but also important cell signaling pathways in in vivo and in vitro assays of potent bioactive compounds present in the noni plant which have been reported in studies of obesity and obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction.
Palliation of hepatic metastasis (1978)

Between 1971 and 1975, 55 patients underwent palliative radiation therapy for symptomatic hepatic metastasis. Most patients received 2400 rad in 300 rad fractions to the entire liver. There were 31 patients who received concomitant chemotherapy, and 14 who were prior chemotherapy failures. Ninety percent of the patients with symptomatic pain and liver enlargement and significant palliation of their symptoms. The median survival of the entire group was 4.5 months, while those patients experiencing an excellent response (21) had a median survival of 9 months. The median survival of patients having an excellent response to radiation is comparable to that of patients having regional arterial chemotherapy while incuring fewer complications. The overall complication rate of those patients completing therapy (50) was 12%.
Direct glassing of silicon solar cells (1988)

An alternate method of attaching coverglasses to silicon solar cells-currently achieved using silicone adhesives-is presented. The method is based on the electrostatic bonding of a specially developed glass that has an ideal expansion match to the silicon solar cell. Basically, the coverglass and cell are joined by a permanent chemical anodic bond formed by subjecting the cell and coverglass to voltage, temperature, and pressure while in intimate contact with each other. Because the front surface of the solar cell forms one of the bonding interfaces, it is important to understand the significance of changes in the cell design or type. Work performed in characterizing required cell parameters, e.g. coating type, texture, etc., and the effects of the bonding process on cell output are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical cells with partially reflecting windows as nonlinear absorbance amplifiers (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptical cells with partially reflecting windows as nonlinear absorbance amplifiersPurnendu K. Dasgupta and Jae Seong. RheeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 5, 783–786Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00132a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00132a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Poly(vinyl ether) Macromonomers (1998)

The present paper focuses on the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of vinyl ether (VE) based macromonomers with a methacryloyl group at the chain end. Living cationic polymerization of isobutyl VE (IBVE) initiated with the HCl adduct of a VE carrying a pendant methacryloyl group in conjunction with ZnI2 yielded the macromonomer (MA-PIBVE) with a narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD) (M̄w/M̄n < 1.1). The ATRP of MA−PIBVE was carried out using a halide initiator and the CuBr/4,4‘-di-n-heptyl-2,2‘-bipyridine catalytic system. The number-average molecular weight of the polymacromonomer increased in proportion to the monomer conversion, while the MWDs stayed fairly narrow (M̄w/M̄n ∼ 1.2). Thus a novel type of polymacromonomers with controlled chain lengths for both the backbone and the side chain have been synthesized through a combination of living cationic polymerization and ATRP techniques.
Bionomics of the Northern and Western Corn Rootworms (1973)

With a growing world population and increasingly demanding consumers, the production of sufficient protein from livestock, poultry, and fish represents a serious challenge for the future. Approximately 1,900 insect species are eaten worldwide, mainly in ...Read More
Fiber Bragg grating based accelerometer (2008)

A novel design of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based accelerometer is proposed in this paper. The chirp-free mechanism on the FBG sensing element is the methodology employed in this design. The sensor has the flexibility to apply different mechanical parameters, and it shows excellent performance to different applied signals. The performance is then optimized by varying different configuration of the sensor. Good sensitivity (18με/g) and signal-to-noise ratio (20.68dB re nm/g) is easily achieved. Maximum input signal frequency up to 150Hz is able to be caught up by the specific configuration of the accelerometer. The accelerometer also has the capability of capturing a full sine wave input signal with the maximum peak-to-peak amplitude up to 3.9nm.
High-performance a-In-Ga-Zn-O Schottky diode with oxygen-treated metal contacts (2012)

High-performance Schottky diodes based on palladium blocking contacts were fabricated upon depositing indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) with high oxygen content. We find that an oxygen treatment of the palladium contact is needed to achieve low off currents in the Schottky diode, and rationalize this by relating an increased oxygen content at the Pd/IGZO interface to a lower interfacial trap density. Optimized IGZO films were obtained with a record high ratio of free charge carrier density to subgap traps. The rectification ratios of diodes with such films are higher than 107 with current densities exceeding 103 A/cm2 at low forward bias of 2 V.
An optimal approach to digital raster mapper design (1991)

An analytic method of digital interpolator optimization is proposed. Performance approaching or equaling that of full polyphase filter designs is achieved through the generation of orthogonal filters via singular value decomposition (SVD). This approach preserves the magnitude, group delay, and composite filter response and can eliminate the traditional restriction to ratio of integer interpolation and decimation factors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Infrared detectors (1977)

Infrared radiation has been studied with detectors of one kind or another since about 1800. The difference between the techniques of the first century-and-a-half and the period since World War II is that the earlier devices were thermal detectors, responding to temperature change caused by integrated absorption of energy, while the more recent devices are true photon detectors. In the latter type, interaction of individual photons (above a certain threshold energy) with the solid detector results directly in electron emission or charge-carrier excitation.
Tracking and control for handheld surgery tools (2011)

Handheld tools could be a valuable improvement to today's computer-assisted surgery systems. For tracking such a tool, we propose a high-bandwidth optical-inertial tracking system which is lightweight and low-cost. In a simulation, we show the impact of the bandwidth of the tracking system and the use of inertial sensors on the performance of the servo-control. We present an Extended Kalman Filter to fuse sensor data with a low-latency approach. A test with an experimental setup shows that the optical-inertial system does indeed follow human motion correctly and faster than an optical tracking system with a low bandwidth as found in commercially available systems.
Automatic structuring and optimization of hierarchical designs (1996)

In this paper an approach for the optimization of digital synchronous designs is described. The optimization is done for smaller components which are the result of a partitioning process. The actual optimization is done on a graph which reflects the communication structure between the modules. Sequential don't care conditions are extracted and used for sequential optimization. As experimental results show, the robustness of the subsequent logic synthesis methods can be increased while achieving a significant gain in cost and power consumption. This is shown by applying the described methods to a set of benchmarks obtained from high-level synthesis.
Process model comparison and transferability across bioreactor scales and modes of operation for a mammalian cell bioprocess (2012)

A Monod kinetic model, logistic equation model, and statistical regression model were developed for a Chinese hamster ovary cell bioprocess operated under three different modes of operation (batch, bolus fed-batch, and continuous fed-batch) and grown on two different bioreactor scales (3 L bench-top and 15 L pilot-scale). The Monod kinetic model was developed for all modes of operation under study and predicted cell density, glucose glutamine, lactate, and ammonia concentrations well for the bioprocess. However, it was computationally demanding due to the large number of parameters necessary to produce a good model fit. The transferability of the Monod kinetic model structure and parameter set across bioreactor scales and modes of operation was investigated and a parameter sensitivity analysis performed. The experimentally determined parameters had the greatest influence on model performance. They changed with scale and mode of operation, but were easily calculated. The remaining parameters, which were fitted using a differential evolutionary algorithm, were not as crucial. Logistic equation and statistical regression models were investigated as alternatives to the Monod kinetic model. They were less computationally intensive to develop due to the absence of a large parameter set. However, modeling of the nutrient and metabolite concentrations proved to be troublesome due to the logistic equation model structure and the inability of both models to incorporate a feed. The complexity, computational load, and effort required for model development has to be balanced with the necessary level of model sophistication when choosing which model type to develop for a particular application.
Boolean network simulations for life scientists (2008)

Modern life sciences research increasingly relies on computational solutions, from large scale data analyses to theoretical modeling. Within the theoretical models Boolean networks occupy an increasing role as they are eminently suited at mapping biological observations and hypotheses into a mathematical formalism. The conceptual underpinnings of Boolean modeling are very accessible even without a background in quantitative sciences, yet it allows life scientists to describe and explore a wide range of surprisingly complex phenomena. In this paper we provide a clear overview of the concepts used in Boolean simulations, present a software library that can perform these simulations based on simple text inputs and give three case studies. The large scale simulations in these case studies demonstrate the Boolean paradigms and their applicability as well as the advanced features and complex use cases that our software package allows. Our software is distributed via a liberal Open Source license and is freely accessible from http://booleannet.googlecode.com.
On-Line Sample Preconcentration and Separation Technique Based on Transient Trapping in Microchip Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography (2008)

This paper describes a novel on-line sample preconcentration and separation technique named transient trapping (tr-trapping), which improves the efficiencies of separation and concentration by using a partially injected short micellar plug in microchip electrophoresis. Although a longer separation length often provides a better resolution of complexed or closely migrating analytes, our proposed theoretical model indicated that a trap-and-release mechanism enables a short micellar zone, which was partially injected into the separation channel, to work as an effective concentration and separation field. Application of the tr-trapping technique to microchip micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MCMEKC) was performed on a newly fabricated 5-way-cross microchip by using sodium dodecyl sulfate and rhodamine dyes as test micelle and analytes, respectively. When the injection times of micelle (t(inj),M) and sample solution (t(inj),S) were 1.0 and 2.0 s, respectively, both the preconcentration and separation of the dyes were completely finished within only 3.0 s. At t(inj),S of 8.0 s, a 393-fold improvement of the detectability was achieved in comparison with conventional MCMEKC. The resolution obtained with tr-trapping-MCMEKC was also better than that with conventional MCMEKC in spite of the 160-fold shorter length of the injected micellar zone at t(inj),M of 1.0 s. These results clearly demonstrated that the tr-trapping technique in MCMEKC provides a rapid, high-resolution and detectability analysis even in the short separation channel on the microchips.
Exploring the limits and practicality of Q-based temperature compensation for silicon resonators (2008)

We investigate using quality factor as a thermometer in embedded temperature compensation systems for micromechanical silicon resonator-based frequency references. Our compensated 1.3 MHz prototype oscillator, implemented on a single printed circuit board, achieves temperature stability of plusmn1 ppm from 0degC to 70degC after multipoint calibration or plusmn25 ppm after single point calibration. Drawbacks and limitations of the compensation schemes are discussed.
The Equivalence of Second-Order Impedance Control and Proportional Gain Explicit Force Control (1995)

This article discusses the essential equivalence of second-order impedance control with force feedback and proportional gain explicit force control with force feedforward. This is first done analytically by reviewing each control method and showing how they mathematically correspond for constrained manipula tor control. For stiff environments the correspondence is exact. However, even for softer environments, a similar response of the system is indicated. Next, the results of an implementation of these control schemes on the CMU DD Arm II are pre sented, confirming the predictions of the analysis. These results experimentally demonstrate that proportional gain force control and impedance control, with and without dynamics compensa tion, have equivalent response to commanded force trajectories.
Oral treatment with probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC533 (La1) for a specific part of the weaning period prevents the development of atopic dermatitis induced after maturation in model mice, NC/Nga (2007)

This study suggested that the primary administration of La1 in a specific part of the weaning period is effective in preventing or inhibiting the development of AD after maturation by modulating or accelerating the gut immune response.
A Study on the Combustion Characteristics of Coke and Anthracite in an Iron Ore Sintering Bed (2004)

Coal combustion in an iron ore sintering bed is a key parameter that determines quality of the sintered ores and productivity of the process. In this study, effects of the different types of coal - coke and anthracite - on the combustion in the iron ore sintering bed are investigated by modeling and experiment. Fuel characteristics of coke and anthracite are observed through a set of basic analysis and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Coke has a higher reactivity than anthracite due to the difference of surface area and density, and these characteristics are reflected in the 1-D unsteady simulation of the iron ore sintering bed. Calculation results show that different reactivity of the fuel can affect the bed combustion.
Imaging Transgenic Animals (1999)

Transgenic and eugenic animals as small as 30 g can be studied non-invasively by radionuclides with resolutions of 1-2 mm, by MRI with resolution of 100 microns and by light fluorescence and bioluminescence with high sensitivities. The technologies of radionuclide emission, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, optical tomography, optical fluorescence and optical bioluminescence are currently being applied to small-animal studies. These technologies and examples of their applications are reviewed in this chapter.
Moving Objects Detection by Conflict Analysis in Evidential Grids (2011)

Advanced Driving Assistance Systems exploit exteroceptive sensors to help the driver in perceiving the dynamic environment, like other vehicles or pedestrians. This paper proposes an original approach to deal with this perception challenge in urban environments. The method detects mobile objects motions using grids elaborated thanks to a lidar range scanner and an enhanced map of the drivable space. The data fusion is performed using the Dempster-Shafer theory which provides an interesting framework particularly well adapted to manage the uncertainties of the sensors. By analyzing conflicting information, objects movements can be efficiently characterized. This formalism provides also the interesting possibility to introduce decay factors that are useful for forgetting old information. Experimental results obtained with an IBEO Alasca and an Applanix positioning system show that such a perception strategy can be effective compared to deterministic accumulation strategies.
Clinical applications of near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy and tomography for tissue blood flow monitoring and imaging (2017)

Clinical study results demonstrate technical versatility of DCS/DCT in providing important information for disease diagnosis and intervention monitoring.
MODELING LEAN, AGILE, AND LEAGILE SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES (2006)

The merits of lean and agile supply chain strategies have been much debated among practitioners and academics. While these strategies are often viewed as opposites, this research supports the view that they must not necessarily compete and can, in fact, be employed simultaneously through a so‐called “leagile” approach. Lean, agile, and leagile strategies are illustrated by modeling their respective applications at a tier‐1 supplier to the Heating, Ventilating, and Air‐Conditioning (HVAC) industry. Simulation analyses indicate that the lean system excels in customer service performance while the leagile system results in lower enterprise‐wide inventory levels under modeled circumstances. Subsequent analysis suggests that trade‐offs exist among the systems in the base case and under varying cost conditions.