gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AMPA and NMDA Receptor Antagonists Do Not Decrease Hippocampal Glutamate Concentrations during Transient Global Ischemia (1992)

Increased extracellular concentrations of glutamate during episodes of cerebral ischemia may be due in part to a positive glutaminergic feedback loop. We evaluated the effect of selective AMPA or NMDA receptor antagonists on hippocampal extracellular concentrations of excitatory amino acids during ischemia and reperfusion. Thirteen New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to 10 min of global cerebral ischemia produced by neck tourniquet inflation (20 psi) combined with systemic hypotension during halothane (1-1.5%) anesthesia. Hippocampal extracellular concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, and glycine were monitored using in vivo microdialysis. NBQX (a selective AMPA receptor antagonist), MK801 (a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist), or 5% dextrose was administered starting 1 h before ischemia. The NBQX group (n = 4) received 5 mg.kg-1 of NBQX intravenously (dissolved in 5% dextrose) over 5 min followed by an infusion of 5 mg.kg-1.h-1. The 5% dextrose group (n = 4) received an equivalent volume of 5% dextrose. The peak concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, and glycine in the early reperfusion period were 5-8-fold, 9-10-fold, and 4-5-fold higher than preischemic values, respectively. There were no significant differences, however, among the three groups in the concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, or glycine at any time during the study. These results do not support the existence of a positive feedback loop for glutamate mediated via AMPA or NMDA autoreceptors in the hippocampus during transient global ischemia or reperfusion.
Protection of the Ischemic Myocardium by the Converting-Enzyme Inhibitor Zofenopril (1992)

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology™ is a peer reviewed, multidisciplinary journal that publishes original articles and pertinent review articles on basic and clinical aspects of cardiovascular pharmacology. Appropriate subjects include new drug development and evaluation, physiological and pharmacological bases of drug action, metabolism, drug interactions and side effects, clinical results with new and established agents and novel methods. The focus is on pharmacology in its broadest applications, incorporating not only traditional approaches, but new approaches to the development of pharmacological agents and the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Structural and Electronic Properties of Fluorinated and Chlorinated Polyacetylene (1999)

Using a density-functional method we have calculated the electronic and structural properties of infinite and periodic (CF)x, (CCl)x, and (CFCCl)x chains. Only for the (CF)x and (CCl)x trans isomers without a C−C bond-length alternation we have optimized the structure completely and subsequently explored whether the total energy for these isomers could be lowered upon a such alternation. Finally, we studied the electronic properties of different cis isomers with fixed structures as well as of trans and cis isomers of (CFCCl)x. Special emphasis is put on whether these newly synthesized materials have properties resembling those of most other conjugated polymers, i.e., whether π orbitals from mainly carbon functions are those closest to the Fermi level and whether a bond-length alternation exists. We find that the F-substituted materials in many respects are similar to the unsubstituted ones (with, however, smaller differences), but that the Cl-substituted ones differ significantly from the unsubstituted ones. The trans isomers of the systems with mixed substitutions possess properties that are intermediate between those of the F- and the Cl-substituted ones. On the other hand, the cis isomers of (CFCCl)x have markedly different properties and are the only ones with F/Cl nearest neighbors. A comparison with the experimental information suggests that for (CFCCl)x the trans isomer is the one that is synthesized. Finally, we predict that only for (CF)x will solitons or polarons be generated upon doping.
Assessment of the role of brush-border peptide hydrolases in luminal disappearance of dipeptides in man. (1974)

Abstract The effect of pH on the jejunal disappearance rates (micromoles per minute per 30 cm.) of dipeptides was studied in healthy human volunteer subjects by an in situ perfusion technique. Test solutions with a pH of 7.00 or 2.25 contained dipeptides with varying potentials for digestion, namely glycylglycine or glycyl-L-leucine (40 mM each). The selection of pH values was designed to establish environmental conditions which either favored or inhibited the hydrolysis of dipeptides by the mucosal enzymes. Acidification of the jejunal segment equally reduced the disappearance rates of both glycylleucine (477 ± 35 vs. 289 ± 36, p
Synthesis and Reactivity of 6-.beta.-Cyclodextrin Monoaldehyde: An Electrophilic Cyclodextrin for the Derivatization of Macromolecules under Mild Conditions (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Reactivity of 6-.beta.-Cyclodextrin Monoaldehyde: An Electrophilic Cyclodextrin for the Derivatization of Macromolecules under Mild ConditionsJeffrey B. Huff and Christopher BieniarzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 24, 7511–7516Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00103a056https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00103a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views719Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Automated quantification of quantum‐dot‐labelled epidermal growth factor receptor internalization via multiscale image segmentation (2006)

The ability to monitor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) internalization specifically, and cellular protein concentrations and activation states in general, has been recently improved by the use of appropriately functionalized quantum dots (QDs), as a result of the long-lasting fluorescence, brightness and multicolour of these nanoparticles. However, important quantitative information about locational proteomics is based on the analysis of the properties of many cells and cell cultures on a per-cell basis, rather than tracking individual events within one cell. Moreover, relative positional information is often gained from traditional staining protocols of distinct cellular compartments that are prone to noise, fading and low contrast. We apply a novel multiscale image segmentation based on region growing to classify automatically objects in fixed cell preparations and to define regional zones in all cells prior to QD concentration measures. This allows rapid quantitative description of EGFr internalization as it changes with incubation time. The capabilities realizable by simultaneous application of confocal imaging and functionalized QDs in conjunction with advanced image analysis are a prerequisite for automated and multiplexed cytomics assays.
Hybridization of inorganic nanoparticles and polymers to create regular and reversible self-assembly architectures (2012)

Inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) with diversified functionalities are promising candidates in future optoelectronic and biomedical applications, which greatly depend on the capability to arrange NPs into higher-order architectures in a controllable way. This issue is considered to be solved by means of self-assembly. NPs can participate in self-assembly in different manners, such as smart self-organization with blended molecules, as the carriers of host molecules for assembly and disassembly with guest molecules, as netpoints to endow the architectures specific functionalities, and so forth. To enhance the structural stability of the as-prepared assembly architectures, polymers have been utilized to create NP-polymer composites. Meanwhile, such a strategy also demonstrates the possibility of integrating the functionalities of NPs and/or polymers by forming regular architectures. The emerging interest in the current optoelectronic and biological areas strongly demands intelligent nanocomposites, which are produced by combination of the excellent functionalities of NPs and the responsiveness of polymers. On the basis of the recent progress in fabricating NP-polymer composites, this critical review summarizes the development of new methods for fabricating regular self-assembly architectures, highlights the reversible assembly and disassembly behavior, and indicates the potential applications.
Position Based Directional Ad-Hoc Routing with Space Time Diversity (2012)

Self organizing mobile Ad-Hoc networks have gained much attention in the last decade particularly due to their ease of deployment in war zones and natural disasters. Because of the fact that the Ad-Hoc network is a virtual network created by the participating nodes, this approach can be applied to remote areas with no fixed networking capability, and is ideal for coordination in remote locations. Considering the sophistication of equipment capable of handling MIMO techniques and inbuilt GPS receivers, a simple two-stage method of forwarding the message is proposed in this paper. A low frequency broadcast containing GPS coordinates of the nodes is used for node discovery which is then followed by a directional narrow beam at higher frequency for data transfer. The knowledge of GPS location combined with directional transmission is expected to increase the performance of the network. The intent of the paper is to propose a simplified location-based Ad-Hoc routing mechanism and to examine its performance when combined with MIMO space time coding technique. The space time codes are evaluated over a Flat Slow Fading channel using various modulation schemes. The basic premise of the proposed scheme is simplicity and robustness.
Magnetic Recording and Reproducing (1937)

This paper describes an improved method of recording sound magnetically on steel tape, similar in principle to that of the Poulsen telegraphone. By making use of perpendicular instead of longitudinal magnetization, the speed of the tape may be reduced as low as 8 inches per second for recording speech. The low tape speed eliminates many of the difficulties encountered with those systems which made use of longitudinal magnetization. The ratio of the signal to the background noise has been substantially reduced. The recording medium is a steel tape having a thickness of about 2 mils and a width of about 50 mils. A small recording and reproducing machine will be demonstrated.
Plectin scaffolds recruit energy-controlling AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in differentiated myofibres (2006)

Plectin, a cytolinker protein greater than 500 kDa in size, has an important role as a mechanical stabiliser of cells. It interlinks the various cytoskeletal filament systems and anchors intermediate filaments to peripheral junctional complexes. In addition, there is increasing evidence that plectin acts as a scaffolding platform that controls the spatial and temporal localisation and interaction of signaling proteins. In this study we show that, in differentiated mouse myotubes, plectin binds to the regulatory gamma1 subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), the key regulatory enzyme of energy homeostasis. No interaction was observed in undifferentiated myoblasts, and plectin-deficient myotubes showed altered positioning of gamma1-AMPK. In addition we found that plectin affects the subunit composition of AMPK, because isoform alpha1 of the catalytic subunit decreased in proportion to isoform alpha2 during in vitro differentiation of plectin(-/-) myotubes. In plectin-deficient myocytes we could also detect a higher level of activated (Thr172-phosphorylated) AMPK, compared with wild-type cells. Our data suggest a differentiation-dependent association of plectin with AMPK, where plectin selectively stabilises alpha1-gamma1 AMPK complexes by binding to the gamma1 regulatory subunit. The distinct plectin expression patterns in different fibre types combined with its involvement in the regulation of isoform compositions of AMPK complexes could provide a mechanism whereby cytoarchitecture influences energy homeostasis.
An integrated high-resolution optical angular displacement sensor (2002)

The sensor consists of a rotating element with reflective patterns fabricated onto it and a stationary part with optical detectors and readout circuitry, integrated in a standard BiFET IC process. High-resolution absolute angular position measurement is realized by combining the information of a high-resolution incremental analog sensor with that of a low-resolution absolute binary sensor. The high-resolution sensor part is implemented by a reflective zigzag pattern on the rotor and a position-sensitive device (PSD) on the stator. The low-resolution sensor part comprises a binary reflective code pattern on the rotor and a photodiode array on the stator. Angular displacement causes the code on the photodiode array to alternate and the reflected light spot on the PSD to move over the full length of the PSD in between each code transition. The sensor permits a contactless angular measurement over the full range of 360 degrees , without blocking at full scale. The sensor is insensitive to electric and magnetic fields and can be placed radially at any place on a rotating shaft.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
MT1-MMP collagenolytic activity is regulated through association with tetraspanin CD151 in primary endothelial cells (2008)

MT1-MMP plays a key role in endothelial function, as underscored by the angiogenic defects found in MT1-MMP deficient mice. We have studied the molecular interactions that underlie the functional regulation of MT1-MMP. At lateral endothelial cell junctions, MT1-MMP colocalizes with tetraspanin CD151 (Tspan 24) and its associated partner alpha3beta1 integrin. Biochemical and FRET analyses show that MT1-MMP, through its hemopexin domain, associates tightly with CD151, thus forming alpha3beta1 integrin/CD151/MT1-MMP ternary complexes. siRNA knockdown of HUVEC CD151 expression enhanced MT1-MMP-mediated activation of MMP2, and the same activation was seen in ex vivo lung endothelial cells isolated from CD151-deficient mice. However, analysis of collagen degradation in these experimental models revealed a diminished MT1-MMP enzymatic activity in confined areas around the cell periphery. CD151 knockdown affected both MT1-MMP subcellular localization and its inclusion into detergent-resistant membrane domains, and prevented biochemical association of the metalloproteinase with the integrin alpha3beta1. These data provide evidence for a novel regulatory role of tetraspanin microdomains on the collagenolytic activity of MT1-MMP and indicate that CD151 is a key regulator of MT1-MMP in endothelial homeostasis.
Longitudinal Mode Selection in Lasers with Three-Mirror Reflectors (1973)

The complex reflectance of a combination of three parallel mirrors with arbitrary distances is computed. If the distance between the mirrors is equal to an integer multiple of a certain wavelength of the incident light, the reflectance of the system has narrow maxima and broad minima as a function of wavelength. This behavior is opposite to a usual two-mirror Fabry-Perot interferometer. It is suggested that such a combination of three mirrors as a mode selective laser reflector be used. Compared with other mode selecting devices this arrangement should be simpler in construction and should have better mode selective properties.
Ground operated teleoperation system for live power line maintenance (2002)

This paper discusses work executed for the development of a ground operated teleoperation system for live-line maintenance of Hydro-Quebec's overhead distribution network. It covers the system's development, engineering and implementation as well as forecasted research with the prototype. Related research conducted in conjunction with the system's development is explained further along. Finally, some other fields to which the technology can be applied are described.
Graphene Bimetallic-like Cantilevers: Probing Graphene/Substrate Interactions (2011)

The remarkable mechanical properties of graphene, the thinnest, lightest, and strongest material in existence, are desirable in applications ranging from composite materials to sensors and actuators. Here, we demonstrate that these mechanical properties are strongly affected by the interaction with the substrate onto which graphene is deposited. By measuring the temperature-dependent deflection of graphene/substrate "bimetallic" cantilevers we determine strain, thermal expansion coefficient, and the adhesion force acting on graphene films attached to a substrate. Graphene deposited on silicon nitride (SiN(x)) is under much larger strain, ε(g) ∼ 1.5 × 10(-2), compared to graphene on gold (Au), ε(g) < 10(-3). The thermal expansion coefficient α(g) of graphene attached to SiN(x) is found to be negative, in the range from (- 5... - 1) × 10(-6)K(-1) and smaller in magnitude than α(g) of suspended graphene. We also estimate the interfacial shear strength of the graphene/SiN(x) interface to be ∼1 GPa at room temperature.
Are adhesive technologies needed to support ceramics? An assessment of the current evidence. (2002)

Despite large variations in the reported fracture strengths of dispersion strengthened, glass infiltrated, castable, pressable and machinable ceramics utilised for the construction of all-ceramic crowns, the annual clinical failure rate reported for these materials in the dental literature is remarkably consistent at ca 3%. These results emphasise that there may be little correlation between the average fracture strength and resultant clinical performance. Consequently, if ceramics are to be used for dental applications, then clearly more detailed information on the statistical variations in strength combined with the influence of cementation media are required. The effect of adhesive technology has been examined in laboratory and clinical studies. The laboratory studies focused on the effect of cement lute on crown performance, whilst surface degradation and strengthening effects with different systems were examined utilising conventional materials science techniques. Clinical studies focused on the failure rates of conventionally luted and adhesively luted crowns and inlays. There would appear to be evidence from clinical studies that crowns luted with a resin cement and with the placement procedure incorporating a dentine bonding stage have enhanced rates of survival. It is therefore concluded that the available research strongly suggests that the use of resin as a luting material for ceramic restorations is indicated, given the research from three differing sources - laboratory fracture studies comparing restorations luted with resin vs other materials, clinical studies, and laboratory studies examining the surface sealing/strengthening effect of resin on ceramic. Laboratory studies also confirm the enhanced resistance to fracture of crowns cemented with an adhesive procedure.
Supporting and Enabling Circuits for Antenna Arrays in Wireless Communications (2012)

Antenna arrays have been demonstrated as a very promising technique for high-speed wireless networks, and are anticipated to be indispensable components in future wireless communication systems. This review paper presents an overview of the circuit techniques on combining signals from different receive array elements as well as splitting signals to different transmit array elements with emphasis on silicon-based solutions. It also reviews circuit techniques to control the phase and the amplitude of signals from/to each array element such that signals from those array elements can be combined and split in a desired manner for achieving high data rate communications as well as interference management.
Neurofibromatosis: Past, Present, and Future (1991)

Ten years ago, the Journal published my review of von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis,1 now aptly called neurofibromatosis 1. In that article, I emphasized a previously arcane feature of the disorder, for which a new term was coined: "Lisch nodule." When I met Professor Lisch, who had pointed out the association of the nodules with neurofibromatosis in 1937,2 for the first time in May 1990, he startled me with his gratitude both for the term's having been used in the first place and for its having immediately secured a place in the modern medical lexicon. Neither Richard Lewis3 nor I realized when . . .
Multimodal Video Description (2016)

Real-world web videos often contain cues to supplement visual information for generating natural language descriptions. In this paper we propose a sequence-to-sequence model which explores such auxiliary information. In particular, audio and the topic of the video are used in addition to the visual information in a multimodal framework to generate coherent descriptions of videos "in the wild". In contrast to current encoder-decoder based models which exploit visual information only during the encoding stage, our model fuses multiple sources of information judiciously, showing improvement over using the different modalities separately. We based our multimodal video description network on the state-of-the-art sequence to sequence video to text (S2VT) model and extended it to take advantage of multiple modalities. Extensive experiments on the challenging MSR-VTT dataset are carried out to show the superior performance of the proposed approach on natural videos found in the web.
ArtTrack: Articulated Multi-Person Tracking in the Wild (2017)

In this paper we propose an approach for articulated tracking of multiple people in unconstrained videos. Our starting point is a model that resembles existing architectures for single-frame pose estimation but is substantially faster. We achieve this in two ways: (1) by simplifying and sparsifying the body-part relationship graph and leveraging recent methods for faster inference, and (2) by offloading a substantial share of computation onto a feed-forward convolutional architecture that is able to detect and associate body joints of the same person even in clutter. We use this model to generate proposals for body joint locations and formulate articulated tracking as spatio-temporal grouping of such proposals. This allows to jointly solve the association problem for all people in the scene by propagating evidence from strong detections through time and enforcing constraints that each proposal can be assigned to one person only. We report results on a public MPII Human Pose benchmark and on a new MPII Video Pose dataset of image sequences with multiple people. We demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art results while using only a fraction of time and is able to leverage temporal information to improve state-of-the-art for crowded scenes.
Neutrophil elastase inhibition in acute lung injury: Results of the STRIVE study (2004)

Intravenous sivelestat had no effect on 28-day all-cause mortality or ventilator-free days in a heterogeneous acute lung injury patient population managed with low tidal volume mechanical ventilation.