gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Pattern of Plasma Insulin Response to Glucose in Patients with a Previous Myocardial Infarction—The Respective Effects of Age and Disease (1971)

Plasma insulin and blood sugar variations were investigated during oral (OGTT) and intravenous (IVGTT) glucose tolerance tests in 10 patients aged 32 to 41 and 10 Patients aged 48 to 60 who had suffered a myocardial infarction at least three months previously. The results obtained in each group of patients were compared with those of ten normal subjects of corresponding age. The respective influences of age and cardio-vascular disease on the pattern of the plasma insulin and blood sugar responses to the glucose load were dissociated on the basis of analysis of variance.-Advancing age was associated with a rise in the mean blood sugar level during OGTT and a lowering of the glucose assimilation coefficient during IVGTT, but it was not accompanied by a significant change in the plasma insulin levels during either of the two tests.-Cardiovascular disease was associated with an augmentation of the mean blood sugar level during OGTT, but also with a prolonged and excessive response in plasma insulin. During IVGTT the glucose assimilation coefficient and the plasma insulin variations were not statistically different in the patients with a previous myocardial infarction and in the normal subjects.-The previous occurrence of a myocardial infarction is thus associated with a hyperinsulinism during OGTT, but not after a rapid stimulation as realized during IVGTT. The nature of the gastrointestinal factors involved in the genesis of this hyperinsulinism remains a matter of conjecture.
Resonant-tunneling diode and HEMT logic circuits with multiple thresholds and multilevel output (1998)

By using resonant-tunneling diodes (RTDs) and high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs), we implement a new class of logic circuits that operate with multiple thresholds and multilevel output. The basic idea of the circuits is to synthesize transfer characteristics by key logic elements, namely, up and down literals. We first describe two fundamental logic circuits based on this idea: a ternary inverter and a literal gate. Then we present experimental results on these circuits fabricated by integrating InP-based RTDs and HEMTs. It is found that these circuits operate successfully with threshold voltages and output levels that have been predicted from individual device characteristics. Consequently, the validity of the basic idea behind the circuits presented here is proven. The device counts and the number of logic stages required for the present circuits are less than half those for conventional ones. A possible application is finally discussed.
Integrating BIMserver and OpenStudio for Energy Efficient Building (2013)

Energy Efficient Building (EEB) design requires many simulation tools to support making decisions for optimized building solutions, resulting in frequent interactions between computational tools. Building Information Modeling (BIM) server platforms can support the storage, maintenance, and query of IFC-based building information models. However, the lack of a unified interface to support information exchange and interoperability among different building design and simulation tools has become a bottleneck of the EEB design process. This paper describes an integrated approach at the data level to combine BIMserver and OpenStudio to build a unified EEB data exchange model. Our first step is to build an information exchange bridge between BIMserver and OpenStudio which will enable different design and simulation tools that are connected to either of them to interoperate and exchange needed data. In the paper, we also discuss the challenges of the seamless integration due to the dependency on both BIMserver and OpenStudio. The integrated approach, which organizes the data flow in a unified model, enabling effective exchange of data, is currently in a beta-testing phase.
The human cytomegalovirus UL98 gene transcription unit overlaps with the pp28 true late gene (UL99) and encodes a 58-kilodalton early protein (1995)

A murine monoclonal antibody (I2) reacts strongly with the nucleus of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-infected human fibroblasts. Western blot (immunoblot) analysis using I2 demonstrated that a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 58-kDa (E58) was expressed at 5 h after infection, and levels increased through 72 h. Immunoblot screening of an early cDNA expression library resulted in a positive clone which hybridized to the right end of the XbaI C fragment of the HCMV Towne strain. Further analysis demonstrated that the E58-specific clone was homologous to the putative UL98 open reading frame, which has been proposed to encode the viral alkaline exonuclease homolog. RNA analysis demonstrated a 3.0-kb RNA which is expressed at early times after infection, as well as in the absence of viral DNA replication, and which is 3' coterminal with the pp28 (UL99) gene region. Insertion of the UL98 genomic sequence into a eucaryotic expression vector and subsequent Western blot analysis using I2 demonstrated that the expressed protein comigrated with E58 from infected cells. E58 also reacts specifically with a previously described antibody, anti-P2-1, which was proposed to recognize a putative late 58-kDa protein. E58 comigrates with the putative late 58-kDa protein, indicating that these two proteins are likely the same. Analysis of the UL98 promoter revealed a TATATAA sequence located at nucleotide 142525. Insertion of the putative promoter 5' to a reporter gene demonstrated that the UL98 promoter was activated in cotransfection experiments with IE1 and IE2 proteins. These studies demonstrate that UL98 is a bona fide early gene, which is consistent with its probable role as the viral alkaline exonuclease gene.
Protein kinase C activity modulates dendritic differentiation of rat Purkinje cells in cerebellar slice cultures (2000)

The molecular mechanisms underlying dendritic differentiation in neurons are currently poorly understood. We used slice cultures from rat cerebellum of postnatal day 8 to investigate the effect of protein kinase C (PKC) activity on dendritic development of Purkinje cells. After 12 days in culture under control conditions, Purkinje cells had developed a typical dendritic tree consisting of a few long primary dendrites with shorter side branches. Following treatment with the PKC agonist, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), the dendritic tree area was strongly reduced to 32% of control and primary dendrites were short with only a few side branches. Delayed addition of PMA after 6 days resulted in a retraction of existing dendrites, whereas discontinuation of PMA treatment after 6 days resulted in a recovery of the dendritic tree to almost control values. In the presence of the PKC inhibitor, 2-[1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)indol-3-yl]-3-(indol-3-yl)maleimide (GF109203X), the dendritic tree area was increased to 158% of control with much more ramified branches after 12 days. The overall morphology of the cultures and the survival of Purkinje cells were unaffected by PKC modulators. Our data show that increased activity of PKC inhibits, and reduced activity of PKC promotes dendritic growth. This suggests that PKC activity is a critical regulator of dendritic growth and differentiation in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Inhibition of mTOR Signaling in Parkinson’s Disease Prevents <scp>l</scp> -DOPA–Induced Dyskinesia (2009)

Parkinson's disease (PD), a disorder caused by degeneration of the dopaminergic input to the basal ganglia, is commonly treated with l-DOPA. Use of this drug, however, is severely limited by motor side effects, or dyskinesia. We show that administration of l-DOPA in a mouse model of Parkinsonism led to dopamine D1 receptor-mediated activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1), which is implicated in several forms of synaptic plasticity. This response occurred selectively in the GABAergic medium spiny neurons that project directly from the striatum to the output structures of the basal ganglia. The l-DOPA-mediated activation of mTORC1 persisted in mice that developed dyskinesia. Moreover, the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin prevented the development of dyskinesia without affecting the therapeutic efficacy of l-DOPA. Thus, the mTORC1 signaling cascade represents a promising target for the design of anti-Parkinsonian therapies.
Protic-Dipolar Aprotic Solvents in 1, 3-Cycloaddition Reactions. Role of Dipolar Aprotic Solvents in Cycloadditions Involving Anionic 1, 3-Dipoles and an Improved Synthesis of 1, 5-Substituted Tetrazoles<sub>1</sub> (1971)

Abstract The reaction of irnidoyl chlorides with inorganic atides lcadfng to 1-monosubsti tuted and 1, b disubstituted tetra to lcs consti tutes a general method for the synthesis of these compounds (2). However. in the nonaqutous media normally used in this nactlon with anhydrous hydrogen azide, high temperatures and pressurts are required, and the tetratolcs formed are often accompanied by products derived fmm carbodiidde, such as ureas (3), not to menti on the disadvantages involved In handling anydrous hydrogen atfde tolutions(Eq. I). The use of buffered aqueous sodium atide solutlons makes It convenient to handle the azlde and the rcactlon i s fret from rearrangcmcnt products; however, nucleaphilic displacement of chlorfne by both atide and water occurs, fonfng, in addition to the tetrazoles, large amounts of the mides corraspondi ng to the irni doyl chl ori dts, and entai 1s tedious fractl onations (4) (Eq. 11).
Targeted, noninvasive blockade of cortical neuronal activity (2015)

Here we describe a novel method to noninvasively modulate targeted brain areas through the temporary disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via focused ultrasound, enabling focal delivery of a neuroactive substance. Ultrasound was used to locally disrupt the BBB in rat somatosensory cortex, and intravenous administration of GABA then produced a dose-dependent suppression of somatosensory-evoked potentials in response to electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve. No suppression was observed 1-5 days afterwards or in control animals where the BBB was not disrupted. This method has several advantages over existing techniques: it is noninvasive; it is repeatable via additional GABA injections; multiple brain regions can be affected simultaneously; suppression magnitude can be titrated by GABA dose; and the method can be used with freely behaving subjects. We anticipate that the application of neuroactive substances in this way will be a useful tool for noninvasively mapping brain function, and potentially for surgical planning or novel therapies.
Improved direct-coupled dc SQUID read-out electronics with automatic bias voltage tuning (2001)

A low-noise wideband read-out electronics for dc superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) is presented. The preamplifier which is directly connected to the SQUID has white voltage and current noise levels of 0.4 nV//spl radic/Hz and 6.2 pA//spl radic/Hz with 1/f corners at 0.2 Hz and 13 Hz, respectively. The SQUID can be operated with both dc bias and ac bias of up to 250 kHz. In the latter case, a special circuit synchronously detects the ac bias component at the preamplifier output and automatically removes it by tuning the bias voltage. An in-system programmable microcontroller is used to control all functions of the SQUID system via a serial RS-485 interface. It also generates the ac bias clock and sets the SQUID working point via low-noise D/A converters. The read-out electronics has been used to operate low-noise SQUID magnetometers. Noise levels down to 35 fT//spl radic/Hz and 0.9 fT//spl radic/Hz with 1/f corners at about 2 Hz have been achieved with thin-film SQUID magnetometers operated at 77 K and 4.2 K, respectively. With static bias a high bandwidth of up to 6 MHz was achieved without affecting the noise level. With 100 kHz bias reversal the rms noise increased by about 3% when increasing the system bandwidth from 100 kHz to 1.4 MHz. The system slew rate was 0.4 /spl Phi//sub 0///spl mu/s to 2.3 /spl Phi//sub 0///spl mu/s. A short integrator reset time of <1 /spl mu/s allows one to increase the dynamic range utilizing the periodicity of the SQUID voltage vs. flux characteristic.
Speculations on Antineuronal Antibody-Mediated Neuropsychiatric Disorders of Childhood (1994)

Several converging lines of evidence suggest that some behavioral and neurological abnormalities of childhood may be mediated through antineuronal antibodies.1-3 These antineuronal antibodies appear to arise in response to group A [beta]-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infections and to cross-react with cells within the central nervous system (CNS).4 Based on clinical observations of children with Sydenham's chorea, Tourette's syndrome (TS), and/or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), we hypothesize that neuroimmunological dysfunction secondary to anti-neuronal antibodies may result in behavioral disturbances, such as anxiety, emotional lability, obsessive compulsive symptoms, hyperactivity, and sleep disturbances; and neurological abnormalities, such as motor and phonic tics, ballismus, chorea, and choreiform movements.
What About Fun and Games (1999)

this article, but we feel the question is important enough to be raised and investigated further. It seems to us that our alternative history of computing is as relevant as the one traditionally
The probability density of spectral estimates based on modified periodogram averages (1999)

Welch's (1967) method for spectral estimation of averaging modified periodograms has been widely used for decades. Because such an estimate relies on random data, the estimate is also a random variable with some probability density function. Here, the PDF of a power estimate is derived for an estimate based on an arbitrary number of frequency bins, overlapping data segments, amount of overlap, and type of data window, given a correlated Gaussian input sequence. The PDFs of several cases are plotted and found to be distinctly non-Gaussian (the asymptotic result of averaging frequency bins and/or data segments), using the Kullback-Leibler distance as a measure. For limited numbers of frequency bins or data segments, the precise PDF is considerably skewed and will be important in applications such as maximum likelihood tests.
Age at menarche of European, Afro-Caribbean and Indo-Pakistani schoolgirls living in London (1991)

Age at menarche is reported for 1,365 European, 530 Afro-Caribbean and 282 Indo-Pakistani schoolgirls taking part in a cross-sectional anthropometric survey in the London Area Health Authorities of Kensington, Chelsea and Westminster, and Brent and Harrow, in 1980-81. Mean ages at menarche are 13.59 +/- 0.37 years (European), 13.18 +/- 0.11 years (Afro-Caribbean) and 13.06 +/- 0.20 years (Indo-Pakistani). The European value is significantly higher than those for Afro-Caribbean and Indo-Pakistani girls, and for Europeans living in the same areas of London in 1966. Social class has an effect on age at menarche in Afro-Caribbean and European girls, but not Indo-Pakistani girls, whilst family size has an effect on age at menarche in Europeans and Indo-Pakistanis.
Various changes in cryopreserved acellular nerve allografts at −80°C (2018)

The experimental design evaluated histological, mechanical, and biological properties of allogeneic decellularized nerves after cryopreservation in a multi-angle, multi-directional manner to provide evidence for long-term preservation. Acellular nerve allografts from human and rats were cryopreserved in a cryoprotectant (10% fetal bovine serum, 10% dimethyl sulfoxide, and 5% sucrose in RPMI1640 medium) at -80°C for 1 year, followed by thawing at 40°C or 37°C for 8 minutes. The breaking force of acellular nerve allografts was measured using a tensile test. Cell survival was determined using L-929 cell suspensions. Acellular nerve allografts were transplanted into a rat model with loss of a 15-mm segment of the left sciatic nerve. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to measure neurofilament 200 expression. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was utilized to detect relative muscle area in gastrocnemius muscle. Electron microscopy was applied to observe changes in allograft ultrastructure. There was no obvious change in morphological appearance or ultrastructure, breaking force, or cytotoxicity of human acellular nerve allografts after cryopreservation at -80°C. Moreover, there was no remarkable change in neurofilament 200 expression, myelin sheath thickness, or muscle atrophy when fresh or cryopreserved rat acellular nerve allografts were applied to repair nerve injury in rats. These results suggest that cryopreservation can greatly extend the storage duration of acellular nerve tissue allografts without concomitant alteration of the physiochemical and biological properties of the engineered tissue to be used for transplantation.
Asymmetrische Katalysen, V. Enantioselektive Aminosäuresynthese durch Hydrierung prochiraler Olefine mit Rh‐Komplexen des neuen optisch aktiven chelatbildenden Phosphans Norphos (1981)

Abstract Racemisches Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐5‐en‐2,3‐diylbis(diphenylphosphan‐oxid), Norphos, kann mit Hilfe von (−)‐Di‐ O ‐benzoylweinsäure, (−)‐DBW, optisch gespalten werden. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse des in Ethanol schwerlöslichen Diastereomeren (−)‐Norphos/(−)‐DBW zeigt starke Wasserstoffbrücken zwischen den Carboxylgruppen der DBW und den PO‐Gruppierungen. Die Bindung der DBW‐Carboxylgruppen an verschiedene Norphos‐Einheiten führt zur Ausbildung unendlicher dicht gepackter Ketten. Aus dem internen Vergleich mit (−)‐DBW folgt für (−)‐Norphos die absolute Konfiguration (2 R , 3 R ). Die durch SiHCl 3 ‐Reduktion von (+)‐bzw. (−)‐ Norphos erhaltenen chelatbildenden Phosphane (+)‐bzw. (−)‐Norphos ergeben in neutralen und kationischen Rh‐Komplexen bei der Hydrierung von α‐(Acetylamino)zimtsäure, α‐(Acetylamino)acrylsäure und Dopa‐Vorstufen unter Normalbedingungen in wenigen Stunden quantitativ Aminosäurederivate mit optischen Ausbeuten zwischen 79 und 97%.
Carrier transport and generation processes in polymer electrolytes based on poly(ethylene oxide) networks (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarrier transport and generation processes in polymer electrolytes based on poly(ethylene oxide) networksMasayoshi Watanabe, Masashi Itoh, Kohei Sanui, and Naoya OgataCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 3, 569–573Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00169a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00169a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views416Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Study of crystallization behavior of poly(phenylene sulfide) (2006)

Poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) is an engineering thermoplastic polymer that presents high temperature resistance (glass transition temperature around 85 ºC and melting point at 285 ºC). These properties combined with its mechanical properties and its high chemical resistance allows its use in technological applications such as molding resins and as matrix for structural thermoplastic composites. During the manufacture of thermoplastic composites, the polymer is exposed to repeated melting, quenching and crystallization processes. The properties of semicrystalline polymers, such as PPS, depend on its crystallization behavior. This work deals with the PPS crystallization kinetics under different thermal cycles. This study was performed under isothermal conditions in a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), coupled to Perkin Elmer crystallization software referred to as Pyris Kinetics - Crystallization. The results were correlated with microscopic analyses carried out in a polarized light microscope, equipped with a controlled heating and cooling accessory. In this case, the experimental conditions were the same adopted for the DSC analyses. From the results, parameters could be established to be used in the composite manufacture.
Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Cloud Computing Applications (2011)

In the cloud computing system, the schedule of computing resources is a critical portion of cloud computing study. An effective load balancing strategy is able to markedly improve the task throughput of cloud computing. Virtual machines are selected as a fundamental processing unit of cloud computing. The resources in cloud computing will increase sharply and vary dynamically due to the utilization of virtualization technology. Therefore, implementation of load balancing in cloud computing has become complicated and it is difficult to achieve. Multi-agent genetic algorithm (MAGA) is a hybrid algorithm of GA, whose performance is far superior to that of the traditional GA. This paper demonstrates the advantage of MAGA over traditional GA, and then exploits multi-agent genetic algorithms to solve the load balancing problem in cloud computing, by designing a load balancing model on the basis of virtualization resource management. Finally, by comparing MAGA with Minimum strategy, the experiment results prove that MAGA is able to achieve better performance of load balancing.
Bipolar versus monopolar sphincterotomy: a prospective trial. (1994)

Sphincterotomy using bipolar technology appears to reduce the frequency of pancreatitis when compared to monopolar technology in a prospective, randomized fashion. Because bipolar electrocautery current is localized to the accessory tip, radiofrequency does not encounter impedance through the patient's body mass, and tissue injury is reduced. This fact may account for the decreased incidence of pancreatitis in the bipolar group. Larger studies are called for to support this conclusion.
The X-Curve: Its Origins and History: Electro-Acoustic Characteristics in the Cinema and the Mix-Room, the Large Room and the Small (2006)

This paper traces the beginnings of the X-Curve in work carried out in the early 1970s and follows the various developments since that time. This electro-acoustic characteristic is now employed in most theaters throughout the world. The “X” stood for “experimental,” an epithet that now seems inappropriate for something that's been a national and international standard for 30 years!
<title>Model polymers for polymer actuators</title> (1999)

We discuss possible mechanisms of doping induced volume change in conjugated polymers with reference to the case of poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). This material has been studied in two forms; as well ordered paracrystalline material and in the form of a water swollen conducting hydrogel. Structural and electrochemical studies are discussed.
Fingerabdrücke aus der Tiefe (2013)

Abstract Zur Entstehung und Struktur der Erde finden sich in Mineralen und Fluiden grundlegende Informationen. Neuartige Computersimulationen lassen jetzt die Konzentrationen von Haupt‐ und Spurenelementen sowie deren Isotope mit großer Genauigkeit modellieren. So können geologische Prozesse rekonstruiert werden, die vor Milliarden Jahren stattgefunden haben.