gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amphotericin B Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts with a Bactec Radiometric System (1977)

The effect of amphotericin B on CO(2) production was studied using a Bactec 225. A radiometric procedure for yeast susceptibility testing that requires 3 h of incubation was developed. A total of 48 yeast isolates was tested in this system and the results were correlated to tube dilution studies. The drug concentration causing at least a 44% decrease in CO(2) production correlated to the tube dilution minimal inhibitory concentration in 85% of isolates tested and was within one tube dilution of the minimal inhibitory concentration in over 95% of yeasts tested.
Crosslinking of poly(arylene ether ketone)s 1. Rheological behavior of the melt and mechanical properties of cured resin (1986)

Abstract Elemental sulfur has been used to crosslink poly(arylene ether ketone)s. Evidence for crosslinking is presented in terms of rheological data of the melt. The effects of crosslinking on mechanical properties have been examined using tensile creep, stress–relaxation, and dynamic‐mechanical properties in torsion. The crosslinking elevates the glass transition temperature ( T g ), as measured by the maximum in the loss tangent, and reduces creep strain at temperatures above T g . A new technique for monitoring cure is also presented. One of the advantages of this method for crosslinking poly(arylene ether ketone)s is that the crosslinking can be carried out both in the solid state and in the melt, the rate being dependent on the temperature (above T g ) of annealing.
Comparison between A* and RRT Algorithms for UAV Path Planning (2018)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are being integrated into a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications. In this light, robust and efficient path planning is paramount. An extensive literature review showed that the A* and Rapidly{Exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithms and their variants are the most promising path planning algorithms candidates for 3D UAV scenarios. These two algorithms are tested in different complexity 3D scenarios consisting of a box and a combination of vertical and horizontal plane obstacles with apertures. The path length and generation time are considered as the performance measures. The A* with a spectrum of resolutions, the standard RRT with different step{ size constraints, RRT without step size constraints and the Multiple RRT (MRRT) with various seeds are implemented and their performance measures compared. Results confirm that all algorithms are able to generate a path in all scenarios for all resolutions, step sizes and seeds considered, respectively. Overall A*'s path length is more optimal and generation time is shorter than RRT projecting A* as a better candidate for online 3D path planning of UAVs.
Human H<sup>+</sup>ATPase a4 subunit mutations causing renal tubular acidosis reveal a role for interaction with phosphofructokinase-1 (2008)

The vacuolar-type ATPase (H+ATPase) is a ubiquitously expressed multisubunit pump whose regulation is poorly understood. Its membrane-integral a-subunit is involved in proton translocation and in humans has four forms, a1-a4. This study investigated two naturally occurring point mutations in a4's COOH terminus that cause recessive distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), R807Q and G820R. Both lie within a domain that binds the glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1). We recreated these disease mutations in yeast to investigate effects on protein expression, H+ATPase assembly, targeting and activity, and performed in vitro PFK-1 binding and activity studies of mammalian proteins. Mammalian studies revealed complete loss of binding between the COOH terminus of a4 containing the G-to-R mutant and PFK-1, without affecting PFK-1's catalytic activity. In yeast expression studies, protein levels, H+ATPase assembly, and targeting of this mutant were all preserved. However, severe (78%) loss of proton transport but less decrease in ATPase activity (36%) were observed in mutant vacuoles, suggesting a requirement for the a-subunit/PFK-1 binding to couple these two functions. This role for PFK in H+ATPase function was supported by similar functional losses and uncoupling ratio between the two proton pump domains observed in vacuoles from a PFK-null strain, which was also unable to grow at alkaline pH. In contrast, the R-to-Q mutation dramatically reduced a-subunit production, abolishing H+ATPase function completely. Thus in the context of dRTA, stability and function of the metabolon composed of H+ATPase and glycolytic components can be compromised by either loss of required PFK-1 binding (G820R) or loss of pump protein (R807Q).
The Response of Several Citrus Genotypes to High-salinity Irrigation Water (1999)

The effect of irrigation with saline water on several citrus genotypes was evaluated in a short-term field experiment. Salinity levels ranged from 2.0 to 6.4 dS·m –1 . Comparatively salt-tolerant Citrus species and Citrus × Poncirus hybrids were tested for their possible use as rootstocks for commercial citrus cultivars irrigated with brackish water. All the tested genotypes survived the highest salinities. At all salinity levels, the best chloride excluder was Cleopatra mandarin ( Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan.), and the worst was sour orange ( C. aurantium L.). Gou Tou Cheng ( C. aurantium hybrid?) and Rangpur ( C. limonia Osb . ) × Troyer citrange ( C. sinensis L. × Poncirus trifoliata L.) RT803 were found to be promising genotypes for further evaluation as rootstocks tolerant to high salinities. Rangpur was unsuitable because of foot rot.
Practical Application of Flow Assurance and Production Chemistry Test Results (2010)

Abstract This paper describes the flow assurance and production chemistry test program implemented during the exploration and appraisal (E&A) phase of a new development area offshore Vietnam. The impact of the program on the facility design is described and program results are compared to operating experience. Fluid samples from several E&A wells were sent to the ConocoPhillips Production Assurance Technology Group in Bartlesville, Oklahoma for analysis. The analytical program consisted of the following groups of tests: General Properties: API gravity, sulfur content and total acid number (TAN). Separation Properties: Emulsion and foaming characteristics and asphaltene deposition tendencies Flow Assurance: Viscosity, pour point, paraffin content/distribution, wax appearance temperature (WAT), wax deposition rate and gel strength. The flow assurance test results had several positive impacts on facility and infrastructure design. Coordination between the Project Team, Operations and the Production Assurance Technology group led to significant insights which improved the facility design and operating procedures.
Comparison of the Imaging Resolutions of Time Reversal and Back-Projection Algorithms in EM Inverse Scattering (2012)

The imaging resolutions derived by the time reversal (TR) and back-projection (BP) algorithms, which are widely used in electromagnetic inverse scattering problems, have been investigated in this letter. Under the Born approximation, the point spread functions (PSFs) for TR and BP are first derived and then used to compare their imaging resolutions. The PSFs are examined by numerical experiments, which show that the TR and BP algorithms have the same imaging resolutions whether in the free space or the layered media cases.
Expert Advertising Agency (1991)

The case presented in this issue discusses how Expert Advertising Agency, after starting in a small way, rapidly went on to become a medium — sized agency. The top management's objective now is to become a market leader in the next three years with a billing turnover comparable to that of the top five agencies in the industry. How should this growth be achieved? What strategy should Expert adopt? Readers are invited to send their comments on the same.
Modeling dipole antenna arrays placed, near to interface between two media (2007)

A modeling technique of antenna arrays made from horizontal wire dipoles located over an interface of two media is developed. It is based on the moment method for wire antennas. The emphasis is placed on evaluating matrix parameters of radiation system and using them for analysis of power characteristics of ground based antenna arrays, especially of their efficiency dependence from the input currents distribution. Numerical analysis results are given for the radiation efficiency of the phased antenna array, located near the ground surface, at beam scanning in the elevation plane.
Supervised classification models to detect the presence of old myocardial infarction in Body Surface Potential Maps (2006)

In this study we have investigated the classification of old myocardial infarction through the analysis of 192 lead Body Surface Potential Maps (BSPM). Following an analysis of the most prominent features based on a signal to noise ratio ranking criterion the top 6 features were selected. These features were subsequently used as inputs to a series of supervised classification models in the form of Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF)-based classifiers. Following 10-fold cross validation it was found that the best performance for each classifier was 81.9 % for NB, 82.8 % for SVM and 84.5 % for RF. The results have indicated the ability of the approach to successfully classify the recordings based on a non standard subset of recording sites from the BSPM. 1.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor induces acute‐phase protein expression in hepatocytes (1992)

During inflammatory states, hepatocytes are induced to synthesize and secrete a group of proteins called acute-phase proteins. It has recently been shown that besides interleukin-6 (IL-6), related cytokines such as leukemia inhibitory factor, oncostation M and interleukin-11 are also mediators of the hepatic acute-phase response. All these mediators belong to the hematopoietic family of alpha-helical cytokines. Here we show that an additional member of this cytokine family, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), induces the hepatic acute-phase protein genes haptoglobin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin and beta-fibrinogen in human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and in primary rat hepatocytes with a time course and dose-response comparable with that of IL-6. Our next aim was to define the receptor components used by CNTF on hepatic cells. Using a cell-free binding assay we exclude that CNTF binds to the 80 kDa IL-6 receptor, a protein with significant homology to the CNTF receptor which has recently been cloned from neuroblastoma cells. In human hepatoma cells (Hep3B) which lack the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, CNTF was not able to induce acute-phase protein synthesis, indicating that this receptor protein may be part of the functional CNTF receptor on hepatic cells.
How reliable are G-protein-coupled receptor antibodies? (2009)

A cluster of manuscripts in this issue of the Journal highlights a lack of selectivity of 49 antibodies against 19 subtypes of alpha(1)- and beta-adrenoceptors, muscarinic, dopamine and galanin receptors as well as vanilloid (TRPV1) receptors. Taken together these data demonstrate that lack of selectivity appears to be the rule rather than the exception for antibodies against G-protein-coupled and perhaps also other receptors. Thus, the previously often applied validation of such antibodies by the disappearance of staining in the presence of blocking peptide, i.e. the antigen against which the antibody was raised, alone is insufficient to demonstrate specificity. We propose that receptor antibodies should be validated by at least one of the following techniques: a) disappearance of staining in knock-out animals of the target receptor, b) reduction of staining upon knock-down approaches such as siRNA treatment, c) selectivity of staining in immunoblots or immunocytochemistry for the target receptor vs. related subtypes when expressed in the same cell line and/or d) antibodies raised against multiple distinct epitopes of a receptor yielding very similar staining patterns. Other issues of consideration to obtain reliable results based on receptor antibodies in applications such as immunohistochemistry or immunoblotting are also being discussed.
Classifying Memory Bugs Using Bugs Framework Approach (2021)

In this work, we present an orthogonal classification of memory corruption bugs, allowing precise structured descriptions of related software vulnerabilities. The Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) is a well-known and used list of software weaknesses. However, it’s exhaustive list approach is prone to gaps and overlaps in coverage. Instead, we utilize the Bugs Framework (BF) approach to define language-independent classes that cover all possible kinds of memory corruption bugs. Each class is a taxonomic category of a weakness type, defined by sets of operations, cause→consequence relations, and attributes. A BF description of a bug or a weakness is an instance of a taxonomic BF class, with one operation, one cause, one consequence, and their attributes. Any memory vulnerability then can be described as a chain of such instances and their consequence–cause transitions. We showcase that BF is a classification system that extends the CWE, providing a structured way to precisely describe real world vulnerabilities. It allows clear communication about software bugs and weaknesses and can help identify exploit mitigation techniques.
Architecting HBM as a high bandwidth, high capacity, self-managed last-level cache (2017)

Due to the recent growth in the number of on-chip cores available in today's multi-core processors, there is an increased demand for memory bandwidth and capacity. However, off-chip DRAM is not scaling at the rate necessary for the growth in number of on-chip cores. Stacked DRAM last-level caches have been proposed to alleviate these bandwidth constraints, however, many of these ideas are not practical for real systems, or may not take advantage of the features available in today's stacked DRAM variants.
New Aluminum Piston Alloy with Increased Fatigue Strength at High Temperatures (1998)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new piston alloy was developed by combining the chemical compositions of copper and silicon rich aluminum alloys. Copper increases fatigue strength at low and intermediate temperatures of up to 250 °C whereas the increased amount of intermetallics raises fatigue strength at high temperature of 340 °C or beyond.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Casting difficulties can be handled by grain refinement of the α-aluminum. Engine tests show an increase of the lifetime of the thermally and mechanically highly loaded bowl rims of DI-Diesel pistons by a factor of four.</div>
Formalizing and automating component reuse (2002)

Using existing components to construct software systems has significant potential to improving software productivity and quality. A key problem in software component reuse is the selection of appropriate components for satisfying a given requirement. In this paper we define a component interface generality relation that provides a foundation for component selection. This generality relation, represented in terms of formal specifications, precisely captures the semantic obligations for an existing component to satisfy the requirements of a target system. The formal specifications facilitate the (semi-) automatic determination of the generality relation. We show how this generality relation has been used to determine the reusability of software components in a software architecture-based reuse and integration environment.
Beta‐mimetics in preterm labour: an overview of the randomized controlled trials (1988)

Controversy continues about the use of beta-mimetic drugs in preterm labour. One reason for this is that the adequately controlled trials of these drugs have all been small and have thus provided very imprecise estimates of their effects. We have therefore conducted a 'meta-analysis' using data relating to 890 women who participated in the 16 methodologically acceptable controlled trials of these agents in the treatment of preterm labour. This analysis demonstrates an unequivocal effect of beta-mimetic tocolytic administration in delaying delivery, and this is reflected in a reduction in the frequency of preterm birth and low birthweight. However, no beneficial effect of this treatment on perinatal mortality or severe neonatal respiratory disorders could be detected.
In vitro interactions of CysB protein with the cysK and cysJIH promoter regions of Salmonella typhimurium (1990)

The cysteine regulons of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli are positively regulated by CysB protein and either O-acetyl-L-serine or N-acetyl-L-serine, both of which act as inducers. Gel mobility shift assays and DNase I footprinting experiments showed that CysB protein binds to the S. typhimurium cysK promoter at two sites, one, designated CBS-K1, at positions -78 to -39 relative to the major transcription start site, and the other, designated CBS-K2, at positions -115 to -79. The S. typhimurium cysJIH promoter was found to contain a single binding site, designated CBS-JH, at positions -76 to -35. Acetyl-L-serine stimulated binding to CBS-K1 and CBS-J and inhibited binding to CBS-K2. In the absence of acetyl-L-serine, CysB protein bound to both CBS-K1 and CBS-K2 and gave a complex that migrated more slowly during gel electrophoresis than did that formed in the presence of acetyl-L-serine, in which case CysB protein bound only to CBS-K1. Complexes formed with DNA containing the two binding sites either at the middle or at one end of the fragment migrated differently, suggesting that DNA was bent in the slow complex formed in the absence of acetyl-L-serine and that DNA in the fast complex was less bent or not bent at all. An analysis of upstream deletions of the cysK promoter showed that only CBS-K1 is required for in vivo promoter activity. CBS-J is analogous in position to CBS-K1 and is probably also required for activity of the cysJIH promoter. CBS-K2 has no known function but may help sequester CysB protein at the cysK promoter.
Basal Ganglia Modeling in Healthy and Parkinson's Disease State. II. Network-based Multi-Units Simulation (2007)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is treated by means of deep brain stimulation (DBS), a therapy based on the injection of current on a regular basis into the basal ganglia, a set of small subcortical nervous system nuclei. DBS is effective in relief of motor symptoms and leads to a notable reduction of drug dose. From an engineering viewpoint, it also raises several optimization-related issues, like energy consumption minimization and stimulation effectiveness. How DBS really works, however, is still unknown, even though several hypotheses and experiments have been reported in literature. To shed some light on the function of DBS, we focused in [1] on those brain nuclei involved in the genesis of PD motor symptoms and developed for them conductance-based models to mimic quantitative data from different in vitro experiments. Now, we use such models in a network scheme to reproduce the main existing anatomical connections between and within the basal ganglia and the resulting macroscopic behaviors reported in literature both for normal and Parkinsonian state. The overall model is proposed as a simulatioParkinson's disease (PD) is treated by means of deep brain stimulation (DBS), a therapy based on the injection of current on a regular basis into the basal ganglia, a set of small subcortical nervous system nuclei. DBS is effective in relief of motor symptoms and leads to a notable reduction of drug dose. From an engineering viewpoint, it also raises several optimization-related issues, like energy consumption minimization and stimulation effectiveness. How DBS really works, however, is still unknown, even though several hypotheses and experiments have been reported in literature. To shed some light on the function of DBS, we focused in (S. Santaniello et al., 20007) on those brain nuclei involved in the genesis of PD motor symptoms and developed for them conductance-based models to mimic quantitative data from different in vitro experiments. Now, we use such models in a network scheme to reproduce the main existing anatomical connections between and within the basal ganglia and the resulting macroscopic behaviors reported in literature both for normal and Parkinsonian state. The overall model is proposed as a simulation instrument to better understand the functional mechanisms currently explaining the basal ganglia physiology and the cellular effects of DBS.n instrument to better understand the functional mechanisms currently explaining the basal ganglia physiology and the cellular effects of DBS.
Organosilicon Compounds. (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganosilicon Compounds.Eugene G. RochowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 24, 6425–6426Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01509a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01509a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Flow Analysis and Modeling of Field-Controllable, Electro- and Magneto-Rheological Fluid Dampers (2005)

This study combines a fluid mechanics-based approach and the Herschel-Bulkley constitutive equation to develop a theoretical model for predicting the behavior of field-controllable, magneto-rheological (MR), and electro-rheological (ER) fluid dampers. The goal is to provide an accurate theoretical model for analysis, design, and development of control algorithms of MR/ER dampers. Simplified explicit expressions for closed-form solution of the pressure drop across a MR fluid valve are developed. The Herschel-Bulkley quasi-steady flow analysis is extended to include the effect of fluid compressibility to account for the nonlinear dynamic behavior of MR/ER fluid dampers. The advantage of this model is that it only depends on geometric and material properties of the MR/ER material and the device. The theoretical results are validated by an experimental study. It is demonstrated that the proposed model can effectively predict the nonlinear behavior of field-controllable fluid dampers.