gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure of Lipoate-Protein Ligase A Bound with the Activated Intermediate (2005)

Lipoic acid is the covalently attached cofactor of several multi-component enzyme complexes that catalyze key metabolic reactions. Attachment of lipoic acid to the lipoyl-dependent enzymes is catalyzed by lipoate-protein ligases (LPLs). In Escherichia coli, two distinct enzymes lipoate-protein ligase A (LplA) and lipB-encoded lipoyltransferase (LipB) catalyze independent pathways for lipoylation of the target proteins. The reaction catalyzed by LplA occurs in two steps. First, LplA activates exogenously supplied lipoic acid at the expense of ATP to lipoyl-AMP. Next, it transfers the enzyme-bound lipoyl-AMP to the epsilon-amino group of a specific lysine residue of the lipoyl domain to give an amide linkage. To gain insight into the mechanism of action by LplA, we have determined the crystal structure of Thermoplasma acidophilum LplA in three forms: (i) the apo form; (ii) the ATP complex; and (iii) the lipoyl-AMP complex. The overall fold of LplA bears some resemblance to that of the biotinyl protein ligase module of the E. coli biotin holoenzyme synthetase/bio repressor (BirA). Lipoyl-AMP is bound deeply in the bifurcated pocket of LplA and adopts a U-shaped conformation. Only the phosphate group and part of the ribose sugar of lipoyl-AMP are accessible from the bulk solvent through a tunnel-like passage, whereas the rest of the activated intermediate is completely buried inside the active site pocket. This first view of the activated intermediate bound to LplA allowed us to propose a model of the complexes between Ta LplA and lipoyl domains, thus shedding light on the target protein/lysine residue specificity of LplA.
Synthesis of the carbocyclic analogue of oxetanocin A. (1989)

2, 3-Bis(benzoyloxymethyl)cyclobutanone (3__∼) was prepared in three steps from diethyl 3, 3-diethoxy-1, 2-cyclobutanedicarboxylate (1__∼). Hydrogenation of the oxime (4__∼) of 3__∼ provided the two amino compounds ((5a)___∼ and (5b)___∼), from which 9-[2, 3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobuthyl]adenines ((9a)___∼ and (9b)___∼) were synthesized in four steps. The steric configurations of 3__∼, (5a)___∼, (5b)___∼, (9a)___∼ and (9b)___∼ were established by 1H-NMR spectroscopies including the NOE difference experiments.
Suppression of Luteal Angiogenesis in the Primate after Neutralization of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (2000)

Manipulation of angiogenesis may have a profound effect on female reproductive function, but this has not yet been demonstrated by direct experiment in species with ovulatory cycles similar to those in women. To investigate whether angiogenesis could be inhibited in the primate corpus luteum, and the consequences of such inhibition on luteal function, marmosets were treated with an antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Treatment commenced at the time of ovulation and was continued for 3 days (early luteal group) or 10 days (midluteal group). Bromodeoxyuridine was used to label proliferating cells, being administered 1 h before collecting ovaries from control and treated animals in the early or midluteal phase. Ovarian sections were stained using an antibody to bromodeoxyuridine, and a proliferation index was obtained; endothelial cell quantification was performed using factor VIII as an endothelial cell marker. Intense proliferation in the early luteal phase was suppressed by anti-VEGF treatment. This resulted in blockade of development of the normally extensive capillary bed, as in the animals treated until the mid-luteal phase the numbers of endothelial cells were reduced. The hormone-producing cells remained largely unaltered in the posttreatment corpus luteum, although the presence of lipid accumulation, and small pockets of cells showing basophilia and nuclear condensation were observed. Significantly, luteal function, as judged by secretion of progesterone, was markedly compromised by the treatment, being reduced by 60% in comparison with controls. It is concluded that VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is an essential component of luteal function in primates and therefore has the potential to be regulated.
Structural Changes in the Platelets as Observed by Electron Microscopy (1954)

Abstract Deficient pseudopod formation and spreading of platelets on Formvar films were encountered in cases of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and thrombocytoasthenias. The same defect together with agglutination was induced in isolated normal platelets by a platelet agglutinin from the serum of one case of chronic ITP. The possible significance of these results is briefly discussed.
Plastikmassen und Plastische Anstriche (1953)

Zusammensetzung und Bereitung: Plastikmassen sind breiartige Anstrichfarben, die aus Farbkörper, Wasser und einem Bindemittel bestehen. Als Farbkörper werden hauptsächlich Schwerspat, Kreide und Lithopone verwendet, als Bindemittel Zelleime, Emulsionsbinder und Wasserglas, als Verdünnungsmittel Wasser.
Novel fault localization approach for ATPG / scan-fault failures in complex sub-nano FPGA/ASIC debugging (2010)

Fault isolation in automated test pattern generation (ATPG) / scan-fault has been increasingly challenging in today's advanced integrated circuit (IC) as diagnosis results usually point to extensive faulty nets which can be physically widespread on the die. This work highlights a novel approach in understanding electrical fault data with promising physical failure analysis (PFA) results in FPGA/ASIC debugging.
The influence of scale on distributed file system design (1992)

The proposition that scale should be recognized as a primary factor influencing the architecture and implementation of distributed systems is validated using Andrew and Coda, two distributed file systems. Performance, operability, and security are dominant considerations in the design of these systems. Availability is a further consideration the design of Coda. Client caching, bulk data transfer, token-based mutual authentication and hierarchical organization of the protection domain have emerged as mechanisms that enhance scalability. The separation of concerns made possible by functional specialization has also proved valuable in scaling. Heterogeneity is an important by-product of growth, but the mechanisms available to cope with it are rudimentary. Physical separation of clients and servers turns out to be a critical requirement for scalability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Organoboranes. VII. The Displacement Reaction with Organoboranes Derived from the Hydroboration of Cyclic and Bicyclic Olefins. Conversion of Endocyclic to Exocyclic Double Bonds (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganoboranes. VII. The Displacement Reaction with Organoboranes Derived from the Hydroboration of Cyclic and Bicyclic Olefins. Conversion of Endocyclic to Exocyclic Double BondsHerbert C. Brown, M. V. Bhatt, Takashi. Munekata, and George. ZweifelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 3, 567–571Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00979a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00979a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views211Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Separation of the Nitrogen Isotopes by the Exchange Reaction between Ammonia and Solutions of Ammonium Nitrate (1947)

The fractionation factor for the exchange reaction between ammonia and ammonium nitrate was determined as a function of the dissolved ammonia content. It was found that for a stock solution containing 59.3–59.6 percent ammonium nitrate α=−0.029 M+1.034,where α is the fractionation factor at 25°C and M the fraction (Moles NH3)/(Moles NH3+Moles NH4NO3), in solution. From these data, the equilibrium constant for the exchange reactionN14H4+(sol)+N15H3(gas)⇌N15H4+(sol)+N14H3(gas)was calculated to be 1.034, while that for the reaction N14H3(sol)+N15H3(gas)⇌N15H3(sol)+N14H3(gas)was found to be 1.005. Vapor pressure and density data were determined for the ammonia-ammonium nitrate solutions as a function of the ammonia concentration.
A new ECG feature extractor for biometric recognition (2009)

In this paper, a new wavelet based framework is developed and evaluated for automatic analysis of single lead electrocardiogram (ECG) for application in human recognition. The proposed system utilizes a robust preprocessing stage that enables it to handle noise and outliers so that it is directly applied on the raw ECG signal. Moreover, it is capable of handling ECGs regardless of the heart rate (HR) which renders making presumptions on the individual's stress level unnecessary. One of the novelties of this paper is the design of personalized heartbeat template so that the gallery set consists of only one heartbeart per subject. This substantial reduction of the gallery size, decreases the storage requirements of the system significantly. Furthermore, the classification process is speeded up by eliminating the need for dimensionality reduction techniques such as PCA or LDA. Experimental results for identification over PTB and MIT healthy ECG databases indicate a robust subject identification rate of 99.61% using only 2 heartbeats in average for each individual.
<title>Adaptive wavelets for visual object detection and classification</title> (1997)

We investigate the application of adaptive wavelets for the representation and classification of signals in digitized speech and medical images. A class of wavelet basis functions are used to extract features from the regions of interest. These features are then used in an artificial neural network to classify the region are containing the desired object or belonging to the background clutter. The dilation and shift parameters of the wavelet functions are not fixed. These parameters are included in the training scheme. In this way the wavelets are adaptive to the expected shape and size of the signals. The results indicate that adaptive wavelet functions may outperform the classical fixed wavelet analysis in detection of subtle objects.
The Forming Mechanism of a New Oil-Mineral Aggregate (2011)

A new Oil-Mineral Aggregate with bentonite and calsium hydroxide and sawdust has been done. Through several dozens of experiments, the coagulation efficiency with bentonite and Ca(OH)2 and sawdust is 94.53%. The functions of bentonite are coagulation, adsorption and emulsification. Calsium hydroxide is a good coagulant-mate, and strengthen the coagulating function of bentonite. It can be used as the source of calcium ions, which can strongly adsorb on both bentonite and oil droplets, and is helpful for the coagulation between bentonite and oil droplets. Sawdust is also very important in the OMA, its fouctions are buoyant, bridge-made and adsorbant.
Electrochemical Deposition of Bi<sub>2</sub>(Te,Se)<sub>3</sub>Nanowire Arrays on Si (2012)

Improving device performance and extending Moore's Law can be aided through active solid-state cooling, using thermoelectric (TE) materials with a high figure of merit (zT > 1). TE nanowires promise a path to higher zT, and electrochemical deposition (ECD) is a simple and scalable means for synthesizing TE nanowires. In this paper we report the ECD of 75 nm diameter nanowire arrays with a nominal composition of Bi2(Te0.95Se0.05)3 onto Si substrates. These nanowires show an improved level of compositional control than previously observed for TE nanowires in this system by ECD. This results from our new non-aqueous bath combined with recently described methods for template formation on Si.
A concurrent comparison of inertia sensor-based walking speed estimation methods (2011)

This study performed a concurrent comparison of two walking speed estimation methods using shank- and foot-mounted inertial measurement units (IMUs). Based on the cyclic gait pattern of the stance leg during walking, data was segmented into a series of individual stride cycles. The angular velocity and linear accelerations of the shank and foot over each of these cycles were then integrated to determine the walking speed. The evaluation was performed on 10 healthy subjects during treadmill walking where known treadmill speeds were compared with the estimated walking speeds under normal and toe-out walking conditions. Results from the shank-mounted IMU sensor yielded more accurate walking speed estimates, with a maximum root mean square estimation error (RMSE) of 0.09 m/s in normal walking and 0.10 m/s in toe-out conditions; while the foot-mounted IMU sensors yielded a maximum RMSE of 0.14 m/s in normal walking and 0.26 m/s in toe-out conditions. Shank-mounted IMU sensors may prove to be of great benefit in accurately estimating walking speeds in patients whose gait is characterized by abnormal foot motions.
A TRPV2 interactome-based signature for prognosis in glioblastoma patients (2018)

Proteomics aids to the discovery and expansion of protein-protein interaction networks, which are key to understand molecular mechanisms in physiology and physiopathology, but also to infer protein function in a guilt-by-association fashion. In this study we use a systematic protein-protein interaction membrane yeast two-hybrid method to expand the interactome of TRPV2, a cation channel related to nervous system development. After validation of the interactome <i>in silico</i>, we define a TRPV2-interactome signature combining proteomics with the available physio-pathological data in Disgenet to find interactome-disease associations, highlighting nervous system disorders and neoplasms. The TRPV2-interactome signature against available experimental data is capable of discriminating overall risk in glioblastoma multiforme prognosis, progression, recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance. Beyond the impact on glioblastoma physiopathology, this study shows that combining systematic proteomics with <i>in silico</i> methods and available experimental data is key to open new perspectives to define novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics in disease.
Diode laser sensor for resolution of congested spectra by modulation spectroscopy (2002)

Wavelength modulation spectroscopy is a well-established method for sensitive measurements of the properties of gaseous media. The technique is becoming widely used because advances in semiconductor technology have made available diode lasers, which operate in single mode, over a wide range of the visible and near- infrared spectrum. Often the spectral features are congested and in many cases the spectra of different species overlap. In the presence of pressure broadening and/or modulation broadening the overlap can be quite severe. We show that wavelength modulation spectroscopy, performed with higher (than the commonly-used second) harmonic detection provides a means to counter the loss of spectral resolution due to such overlap. A theoretical framework is given. Experimental results which bear out the predictions of the theory are presented. These experimental results show that nearly overlapping lines with highly disparate oscillator strengths can be resolved with higher harmonic detection. The technique allows the simultaneous measurement of several gaseous species, using only one laser.
Plasticity and toughness in bone (2009)

Our bones are full of microscopic cracks, but the hierarchical character of the bones’ structure—from molecular to macroscopic scales—makes them remarkably resistant to fracture.
Supermolecular morphology of thermoreversible gels formed from homogeneous and heterogeneous solutions (1993)

Abstract The supermolecular structures of thermoreversible gels formed from either homogeneous or heterogeneous solutions were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The morphologies of gels of polyethylene and polystyrene of various tacticities were then related to the phase diagram of the polymer–solvent system. We confirmed the morphological findings of Aubert on isotactic polystyrene gels formed either above the binodal or inside the spinodal and extended his study to gels prepared within the metastable region of the phase diagram. For polystyrenes and polyethylene, the morphology of the gels formed inside the coexistence curve differs markedly from that of gels formed outside. Inside the binodal, gels of polyethylene and polystyrenes exhibit remarkable morphological similarities, indicating a common gelation mechanism, namely, liquid‐liquid phase separation. Depending on the concentration, these gels exhibit either an open strut‐like network structure or smooth spherical globules. The former is attributed to gelation inside the spinodal whereas the latter is believed to result from gelation in the metastable region. For crystalline polymers, gels formed inside the coexistence curve subsequently undergo crystallization within their polymer‐rich phase. The morphology of isotactic polystyrene and polyethylene gels formed outside the binodal consists of overlapping lamellar structures, whereas that of atactic and epimerized polystyrene gels is characterized by a sheet‐like structure, differentiating the crystallization‐based mechanism from others. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Preoperative Gentamicin Eye Drops and Chlorhexidine Solution in Cataract Surgery. Experimental and Clinical Results (2000)

Topical rinsing with chlorhexidine solution suppresses conjunctival flora in the short term. Combined topical chlorhexidine and gentamicin prophylaxis does not eliminate postoperative endophthalmitis caused by gram-positive bacteria.
Helicase-Driven Activation of NFκB-COX2 Pathway Mediates the Immunosuppressive Component of dsRNA-Driven Inflammation in the Human Tumor Microenvironment (2018)

Presence of cytotoxic CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells (CTL) in tumor microenvironments (TME) is critical for the effectiveness of immune therapies and patients' outcome, whereas regulatory T(reg) cells promote cancer progression. Immune adjuvants, including double-stranded (ds)RNAs, which signal via Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and helicase (RIG-I/MDA5) pathways, all induce intratumoral production of CTL-attractants, but also Treg attractants and suppressive factors, raising the question of whether induction of these opposing groups of immune mediators can be separated. Here, we use human tumor explant cultures and cell culture models to show that the (ds) RNA Sendai Virus (SeV), poly-I:C, and rintatolimod (poly-I:C<sub>12</sub>U) all activate the TLR3 pathway involving TRAF3 and IRF3, and induce IFNα, ISG-60, and CXCL10 to promote CTL chemotaxis to <i>ex vivo</i>-treated tumors. However, in contrast with SeV and poly I:C, rintatolimod did not activate the MAVS/helicase pathway, thus avoiding NFκB- and TNFα-dependent induction of COX2, COX2/PGE2-dependent induction of IDO, IL10, CCL22, and CXCL12, and eliminating Treg attraction. Induction of CTL-attractants by either poly I:C or rintatolimod was further enhanced by exogenous IFNα (enhancer of TLR3 expression), whereas COX2 inhibition enhanced the response to poly-I:C only. Our data identify the helicase/NFκB/TNFα/COX2 axis as the key suppressive pathway of dsRNA signaling in human TME and suggest that selective targeting of TLR3 or elimination of NFκB/TNFα/COX2-driven suppression may allow for selective enhancement of type-1 immunity.<b>Significance:</b> This study characterizes two different poly-I:C-induced signaling pathways in their induction of immunostimulatory and suppressive factors and suggests improved ways to reprogram the TME to enhance the antitumor efficacy of immunotherapies. <i>Cancer Res; 78(15); 4292-302. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Positron emission tomographic measurements of pulvinar activity during an attention task (1990)

Positron emission tomographic scans were recorded from human subjects following an object-identification task, one version of which required attentional selection and the other version of which did not. In one experimental session, the attention-demanding displays were presented in the left visual field and the nonattention displays were presented in the right visual field. In a second session, the sides of the displays were reversed. Analysis of the scans indicated that, averaged across the 2 sessions, the pulvinar showed greater glucose uptake when it was contralateral to the display of the selective attention task than when it was contralateral to the display of the nonattention task. The pattern of the data indicated that the degree of the attention task effect on pulvinar glucose uptake may differ between the hemispheres. In view of known connections between the pulvinar and cortical areas that mediate object identification, the present finding suggests that the pulvinar operates interactively with these cortical structures when an identification process demands selective attention.
Neuromuscular Training to Target Deficits Associated With Second Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury (2013)

Therapy, level 5.
Chemically induced magnetic polarization in photosynthetic systems (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemically induced magnetic polarization in photosynthetic systemsRobert E. BlankenshipCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1981, 14, 6, 163–170Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00066a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1019 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts