gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
21세기 한문학의 연구와 교육 (2004)

한문학 연구와 교육은 21C 무한경쟁시대에서 생존전략의 하나이다. 우리가 한문문화권 16억 人口의 유일한 공통문자인 한문학 연구와 교육을 소홀히 한다면, 한문문화권에서 소외되는 것은 자명하다. 한문학의 연구와 교육의 효과는 단순히 自國의 전통문화를 이해하고 이를 창조적으로 계승하는데 국한되는 데 그치는 것이 아니라, 한문문화권의 상호이해와 교류에 기여한다. 한문문화권에 있는 나라들의 연구자들이 모여 토론하고, 아울러 한문학 연구와 교육에 관한 정보를 共有하는 학문적 교류가 활발하게 이루어질 때에, 동아시아의 한문학 연구와 교육은 발전할 것이다. 즉 국제간에 활발한 교류를 통하여 自國의 교육문화의 특성에 맞게 연구와 교육을 竝行하는 것이 전통문화유산을 창조적으로 계승 발전시킬 수 있을 것이다.
Aggressive behavior in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and pervasive developmental disorders. (1999)

Aggressive behaviors are frequently observed in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and pervasive developmental disorders. Several theories have been postulated to explain the etiology of aggression in these disorders, but no one theory can account for all the different types of aggressive behaviors observed. Numerous uncontrolled studies with small sample sizes have produced mixed results of pharmacologic agents now being used to treat aggression. This article discusses the phenomenology, etiology, assessment, and pharmacologic treatment of aggressive behavior in patients who have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and pervasive developmental disorders.
Construction of a Bioluminescent Reporter Strain To Detect Polychlorinated Biphenyls (1998)

A bioluminescent reporter strain, Ralstonia eutropha ENV307(pUTK60), was constructed for the detection of polychlorinated biphenyls by inserting the biphenyl promoter upstream of the bioluminescence genes. In the presence of a nonionic surfactant, which enhances the solubility of chlorinated biphenyls, bioluminescence was induced three- to fourfold over background by biphenyl, monochlorinated biphenyls, and Aroclor 1242. The minimum detection limits for these compounds ranged from 0.15 mg/liter for 4-chlorobiphenyl to 1.5 mg/liter for Aroclor 1242.
Efecto de tratamientos pregerminativos sobre la germinación de semillas de gulupa (Passiflora edulis Sims.), granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) y cholupa (Passiflora maliformis L.) (2012)

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la escarificación mecánica y química sobre la germinación de semillas de gulupa, granadilla y cholupa bajo condiciones de laboratorio (temperatura alterna 30/20°C [12/12 horas], humedad relativa del 60% y en oscuridad durante 30 días). Semillas de las tres especies fueron sometidas a tres tipos de escarificación mecánica (despunte basal, despunte apical y punción de la testa), seis tratamientos de escarificación química (inmersión en H2SO4 al 49% y 98%, durante 1, 3 ó 5 minutos) y comparadas con un testigo. Las semillas de gulupa sometidas a despunte basal y punción lograron aumentos significativos en la germinación (94% y 91% respectivamente) en comparación con los demás tratamientos y especies. Las semillas de granadilla también aumentaron su germinación al aplicar despunte basal y punción de la testa (52% y 30%). Ningún tratamiento favoreció la germinación de semillas de cholupa en comparación con el testigo.
The Impact of Prostate Biopsy and Periprostatic Nerve Block on Erectile and Voiding Function: A Prospective Study (2010)

Prostate biopsy causes impaired voiding. Saturation prostate biopsy and periprostatic nerve block seem to have a lasting impact on voiding function. Erectile function is transiently affected by prostate biopsy regardless of periprostatic nerve block and the number of cores. Patients who undergo prostate biopsy must be informed about these side effects.
IL-13 stimulates vascular endothelial cell growth factor and protects against hyperoxic acute lung injury (2000)

Hyperoxia is an important cause of acute lung injury. To determine whether IL-13 is protective in hyperoxia, we compared the survival in 100% O(2) of transgenic mice that overexpress IL-13 in the lung and of nontransgenic littermate controls. IL-13 enhanced survival in 100% O(2). One hundred percent of nontransgenic mice died in 4-5 days, whereas 100% of IL-13-overexpressing mice lived for more than 7 days, and many lived 10-14 days. IL-13 also stimulated VEGF accumulation in mice breathing room air, and it interacted with 100% (2) to increase VEGF accumulation further. The 164-amino acid isoform was the major VEGF moiety in bronchoalveolar lavage from transgenic mice in room air, whereas the 120- and 188-amino acid isoforms accumulated in these mice during hyperoxia. In addition, antibody neutralization of VEGF decreased the survival of IL-13-overexpressing mice in 100% (2). These studies demonstrate that IL-13 has protective effects in hyperoxic acute lung injury. They also demonstrate that IL-13, alone and in combination with 100% (2), stimulates pulmonary VEGF accumulation, that this stimulation is isoform-specific, and that the protective effects of IL-13 are mediated, in part, by VEGF.
Sucrose metabolism in the culm of transgenic sugarcane with reduced soluble acid invertase activity. (2001)

Transgenic derivatives of sugarcane cultivar Q117, with reduced acid invertase activity, were used to investigate the role of this enzyme in sucrose metabolism in the sugarcane culm. Despite more than 70% reduction in the level of acid invertase activity in the immature internodes, no significant changes in either sucrose load or purity were evident. Radiolabelling experiments indicated no significant influence on sucrose hydrolysis as a result of the reduced acid invertase activity.
Bacterial cellulose composites: Synthetic strategies and multiple applications in bio‐medical and electro‐conductive fields (2015)

Bacterial cellulose (BC), owing to its pure nature and impressive physicochemical properties, including high mechanical strength, crystallinity, porous fibrous structure, and liquid absorbing capabilities, has emerged as an advanced biomaterial. To match the market demand and economic values, BC has been produced through a number of synthetic routes, leading to slightly different structural features and physical appearance. Chemical nature, porous geometry, and 3D fibrous structure of BC make it an ideal material for composites synthesis that successfully overcome certain deficiencies of pure BC. In this review, we have focused various strategies developed for synthesizing BC and BC composites. Reinforcement materials including nanoparticles and polymers have enhanced the antimicrobial, conducting, magnetic, biocompatible, and mechanical properties of BC. Both pure BC and its composites have shown impressive applications in medical fields and in the development of optoelectronic devices. Herein, we have given a special attention to discuss its applications in the medical and electronic fields. In conclusion, BC and BC composites have realistic potential to be used in future development of medical devices, artificial organs and electronic and conducting materials. The contents discussed herein will provide an eye-catching theme to the researchers concerned with practical applications of BC and BC composites.
Data-Driven Information Systems: The Data Mesh Paradigm Shift. (2021)

Most organizations store its data in monolithic data architectures (e.g.: Data Lakes), which over time have demonstrated their limitations when it comes to scalability and cost. It is intended that data engineering follows in the path of software engineering and abandon monolithic architectures, thus creating decentralized data architectures. Data Mesh consists in the implementation of an architecture where data is intentionally distributed among several Mesh nodes, in such a way that there is no chaos or data silos, since there are centralized data governance strategies and the guarantee that the core principles are shared throughout the Mesh nodes. This paper aims to propose a domain model and a conceptual architecture towards the achievement of decentralized data architectures – the Data Mesh.
MIRMMR: binary classification of microsatellite instability using methylation and mutations (2017)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A centralized multi-level water-filling algorithm for Dynamic Spectrum Management (2009)

In digital-subscriber-line (DSL) networks, the interference, or crosstalk, between multiple DSL lines can severely limit the data-rate of the lines. Level-2 Dynamic Spectrum Management (DSM) optimizes the transmit spectra of multiple DSL lines to mitigate such mutual interference. This paper proposes a centralized multi-level water-filling (MLWF) Level-2 DSM algorithm for optimizing the transmit spectra for multiple DSL lines at a Spectrum Management Center (SMC). The algorithm is a practical approximation to the more complex Optimal Spectrum Balancing (OSB), which is known to present computational issues in practice. The intuition behind the algorithm is that a DSL user should first try to use frequency bands where less interference is emitted unless its target data rate cannot be met. The frequency bands are characterized by one or more cut-off frequencies that separate the bands. MLWF uses a centralized gradient-descent algorithm to search for such cut-off frequencies. After obtaining the cut-off frequencies, MLWF first uses a water-filling algorithm to compute the power spectrum density (PSD) of each user, and then moves bits from the user's high-interference band to its low-interference bands to minimize its crosstalk to the adjacent DSL lines. The PSDs obtained by MLWF are subsequently passed to each DSL user as PSDMASKs for transmit spectra shaping. Simulations showed that MLWF achieves close to optimal performance with significantly less computational complexity and much faster convergence.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STUDIES OF TRIS‐INDOLOBENZENES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS (1980)

Abstract Die Isatine (I) reagieren mit den Indolen (II) zu den Bis‐indolyl‐oxindolen (III), von denen (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) mit Diboran in Diglyme zu den Indolinen (IVa) bzw. (IVb) reduziert werden.
In vivo assessment of human skin aging by multiphoton laser scanning tomography (2006)

Changes of dermal collagen and elastin content are characteristic for skin aging as well as for pathological skin conditions. To evaluate these changes, we used in vivo multiphoton laser tomography to measure two-photon excited autofluorescence (AF) and second harmonic generation (SHG). We tested 18 patients of all ages and calculated the SHG-to-AF aging index of dermis (SAAID). We observed a negative relationship between the SAAID and age, which was accelerated for the female (n=7) subgroup. The current findings are the first in vivo demonstration of this relationship, and they show that specific characteristics of aged skin such as the ratio of extracellular matrix components collagen and elastin can be evaluated by in vivo AF and SHG measurements using near-IR femtosecond laser pulses.
Myocardin regulates expression of contractile genes in smooth muscle cells and is required for closure of the ductus arteriosus in mice (2008)

Myocardin (Myocd) is a potent transcriptional coactivator that has been implicated in cardiovascular development and adaptation of the cardiovascular system to hemodynamic stress. To determine the function of myocardin in the developing cardiovascular system, Myocd(F/F)/Wnt1-Cre(+) and Myocd(F/F)/Pax3-Cre(+) mice were generated in which the myocardin gene was selectively ablated in neural crest-derived SMCs populating the cardiac outflow tract and great arteries. Both Myocd(F/F)/Wnt1-Cre(+) and Myocd(F/F)/Pax3-Cre(+) mutant mice survived to birth, but died prior to postnatal day 3 from patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Neural crest-derived SMCs populating the ductus arteriosus (DA) and great arteries exhibited a cell autonomous block in expression of myocardin-regulated genes encoding SMC-restricted contractile proteins. Moreover, Myocd-deficient vascular SMCs populating the DA exhibited ultrastructural features generally associated with the SMC synthetic, rather than contractile, phenotype. Consistent with these findings, ablation of the Myocd gene in primary aortic SMCs harvested from Myocd conditional mutant mice caused a dramatic decrease in SMC contractile protein expression. Taken together, these data demonstrate that myocardin regulates expression of genes required for the contractile phenotype in neural crest-derived SMCs and provide new insights into the molecular and genetic programs that may underlie PDA.
Chemical Partitioning into Powdered Human Stratum Corneum: A Useful In Vitro Model for Studying Interaction of Chemicals and Human Skin (2005)

Chemical delivery/absorption into and through the skin is important in both dermato-pharmacology and dermato-toxicology. The human stratum corneum is the ﬁrst layer of the skin and constitutes a rate-limiting barrier to the transport of most chemicals across the skin (1). Chemicals must ﬁrst partition into the stratum corneum before entering the deeper layers of the skin, the epidermis, and the dermis to reach the vascular system. Chemical partitioning proceeds much faster than complete diffusion through the whole stratum corneum, and the process quickly reaches equilibrium. In addition to binding within the stratum corneum, a chemical can also be retained within the stratum corneum as a reservoir (2). Thus, understanding the process of chemical partitioning into the stratum corneum becomes important in developing an insight into its barrier properties and transport mechanisms.
Authenticated ID-based Key Exchange and remote log-in with simple token and PIN number. (2002)

Authenticated key exchange protocols tend to be either token based or password based. Token based schemes are often based on expensive (and irreplaceable) smart-card tokens, while password-only schemes require that a unique password is shared between every pair of correspondents. The magnetic strip swipe card and associated PIN number is a familiar and convenient format that motivates a combined “two-factor” approach. Finally we suggest an extension of the scheme for use in a client-server scenario.
Study on the application of industrial Ethernet in industrial control (2009)

This paper analyzes the advantage of the Ethernet control technology over the field bus,and points out the problems and solutions,when Ethernet enters industrial communication network.Then it introduces industrial Ethernet(SIMATIC NET)with detail which is applied widely in industrial communication network now.
CrossNets: possible neuromorphic networks based on nanoscale components (2003)

Abstract Extremely dense neuromorphic networks may be based on hybrid 2D arrays of nanoscale components, including molecular latching switches working as adaptive synapses, nanowires as axons and dendrites, and nano‐CMOS circuits serving as neural cell bodies. Possible architectures include ‘free‐growing’ networks that may form topologies very close to those of cerebral cortex, and several species of distributed crossbar‐type networks, ‘CrossNets’ (including notably ‘InBar’ and ‘RandBar’), with better density and speed scaling. Numerical modelling show that the specific signal sign asymmetry used in CrossNets allows self‐excitation of recurrent networks with long‐range cell interaction, without a symmetry‐breaking global latchup. Our next goal is to develop methods of globally supervised teaching of extremely large networks with no external access to individual synapses. Such development would open a way towards cerebral‐cortex‐scale networks (with ∼1010 neural cells and ∼1014 synapses) capable of advanced information processing and self‐evolution at a speed several orders of magnitude higher than their biological prototypes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive diffusion smoothing: A diffusion‐based method to reduce IMRT field complexity (2008)

Inverse-planned intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is often able to achieve complex treatment planning goals that are unattainable with forward three-dimensional (3D) conformal planning. However, the common use of IMRT has introduced several new challenges. The potentially high degree of modulation in IMRT beams risks the loss of some advantages of 3D planning, such as excellent target coverage and high delivery efficiency. Previous attempts to reduce beam complexity by smoothing often result in plan degradation because the smoothing algorithm cannot distinguish between areas of desirable and undesirable modulation. The purpose of this work is to introduce and evaluate adaptive diffusion smoothing (ADS), a novel procedure designed to preferentially reduce IMRT beam complexity. In this method, a discrete diffusion equation is used to smooth IMRT beams using diffusion coefficients, automatically defined for each beamlet, that dictate the degree of smoothing allowed for each beamlet. This yields a method that can distinguish between areas of desirable and undesirable modulation. The ADS method has been incorporated into our optimization system as a weighted cost function penalty, with two diffusion coefficient definitions designed to promote: (1) uniform smoothing everywhere or (2) smoothing based on cost function gradients with respect to the plan beamlet intensities. The ADS method (with both coefficient types) has been tested in a phantom and in two clinical examples (prostate and head/neck). Both types of diffusion coefficients produce plans with reduced modulation and minimal dosimetric impact, but the cost function gradient-based coefficients show more potential for reducing beam modulation without affecting dosimetric plan quality. In summary, adaptive diffusion smoothing is a promising tool for ensuring that only the necessary amount of beam modulation is used, promoting more efficient and accurate IMRT planning, QA, and delivery.
Microfluidic high-resolution NMR chip for biological fluids (2009)

This contribution describes a silicon-based microfluidic chip with an integrated RF stripline for NMR detection, with high spectral resolution (ca. 1 Hz at 600 MHz proton resonance) and high sensitivity (ca. 1.2 mM) for mass-limited (600 nL) biological samples, with a particular focus on human cerebrospinal fluid samples.
Micro-structure Transformation of Silicon: A Newly Developed Transformation Technology for Patterning Silicon Surfaces using the Surface Migration of Silicon Atoms by Hydrogen Annealing (2000)

The micro-structure transformation of silicon (MSTS), which is a transformation technology for patterning silicon surfaces by hydrogen annealing, is presented for the first time. The transformation was controlled by the parameters of annealing pressure as well as annealing time and temperature. Voids of sub-micrometer regime size can be intentionally formed in the silicon substrates by making use of transformation. Electrical characteristics, such as the reliability of the thin dielectrics formed in the deep trenches, were improved with the aid of the MSTS process, due to the flattening of the inside surface of the trenches and the rounding of the corners. The mechanism of the transformation by MSTS was studied by means of molecular dynamics, which clearly shows the migration of silicon atoms on the surface. MSTS is a promising technology for the fabrication of future integrated circuits in silicon.
A Digital Twin-based Privacy Enhancement Mechanism for the Automotive Industry (2018)

This paper discusses a Digital Twin demonstrator for privacy enhancement in the automotive industry. Here, the Digital Twin demonstrator is presented as a method for the design and implementation of privacy enhancement mechanisms, and is used to detect privacy concerns and minimize breaches and associated risks to which smart car drivers can be exposed through connected infotainment applications and services. The Digital Twin-based privacy enhancement demonstrator is designed to simulate variety of conditions that can occur in the smart car ecosystem. We firstly identify the core stakeholders (actors) in the smart car ecosystem, their roles and exposure to privacy vulnerabilities and associated risks. Secondly, we identify assets that consume and generate sensitive privacy data in smart cars, their functionalities, and relevant privacy concerns and risks. Thirdly, we design an infrastructure for collecting (i) real-time sensor data from smart cars and their assets, and (ii) environmental data, road and traffic data, generated through operational driving lifecycle. In order to ensure compliance of the collected data with privacy policies and regulations, e.g. with GDPR requirements for enforcement of the data subject's rights, we design methods for the Digital Twin-based privacy enhancement demonstrator that are based on behavioural analytics informed by GDPR. We also perform data anonymization to minimize privacy risks and enable actions such as sending an automatic informed consent to the stakeholders.
Enhancement-mode p-channel GaAs MOSFETs on semi-insulating substrates (2002)

We report on the first demonstration of an enhancement-mode p-channel GaAs metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) realized directly on GaAs semi-insulating substrate with a fully ion-implant technology. The device, with a 40/spl times/50 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ gate geometry, shows very good DC characteristics with transconductance of 0.3 mS/mm and an excellent gate breakdown field greater then 3 MV/cm.
High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry for the detection of amyloid Beta peptide related with Alzheimer's disease. (2005)

Recent studies show that quantitative and qualitative differences in amyloid beta (Abeta ) peptides may be implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease. New evidence seems to support the existence of a dynamic equilibrium between Abeta peptide in the brain and peripheral blood circulation. The quantitation of Abeta in the blood may allow the development of the potential value of Abeta peptides as a biomarker in the development of Alzheimer's disease. In this communication, quantitation of Abeta peptides using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry in a linear ion trap mode is presented. RP-HPLC was performed using a Waters Xterra MS C8 column (3.0 mm x 150 mm). Abeta(1-40) peptide was eluted using a gradient elution program. Eluate from the RP-HPLC column was split to both the UV detector and electrospray ionization MS source. The product ion scan was performed in a linear ion trap mode utilizing the transition of a multiply charged molecular ion of Abeta(1-40) to a singly charged product ion. The detection limit of 31.25 ng in column load using a 3.0-mm-diameter conventional C8 column was achieved. The Abeta(1-40) standard calibration curves show excellent linearity from 34 ng to 2500 ng Abeta(1-40) of column sample load. The product ion scan enhances sensitivity 10 times compared with the best previously achieved by a single-quadrupole instrument in the selective ion monitoring mode. Moreover, the product ion scan of Abeta(1-40) provides superior selectivity and specificity, which is very important in the quantitation of Abeta(1-40) in a complex biological matrix.