gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of mitochondrial cytochromes <i>P</i>-450 from pig kidney and liver catalysing 26-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and C27 steroids (1991)

The properties of cytochrome P-450 from pig kidney mitochondria, catalysing 26-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and C27 steroids [Postlind & Wikvall (1989) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 159, 1135-1140; Postlind (1990) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 168, 261-266], were compared with those of a 26-hydroxylating cytochrome P-450 from pig liver mitochondria. The liver enzyme was purified to a cytochrome P-450 content of 7.4 nmol/mg of protein and showed only one protein band with an apparent Mr of 53,000 upon SDS/PAGE. The cytochrome P-450 catalysed 26-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, cholesterol and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha-diol at rates of 361, 1090 and 2065 pmol/min per nmol of cytochrome P-450. A monoclonal antibody against the purified liver mitochondrial cytochrome P-450 26-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450(26] was prepared. After coupling to Sepharose, the antibody was able to bind to cytochrome P-450(26) from liver as well as from kidney mitochondria and to immunoprecipitate the 26-hydroxylase activity towards 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cholesterol when assayed in a reconstituted system. After SDS/PAGE and immunoblotting with the antibody, the cytochrome P-450(26) was detected in the purified liver and kidney preparations. These results indicate that similar species of cytochrome P-450 catalyse 26-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and C27 steroids in liver and kidney mitochondria. The results with the monoclonal antibody together with the finding that cholesterol competitively inhibits the 26-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 further indicate that 26-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and cholesterol is catalysed by the same species of cytochrome P-450 in each tissue. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of cytochrome P-450(26) in kidney mitochondria resembled that of pig kidney microsomal 25-hydroxylase active in 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D3 and C27 steroids, whereas the sequence of pig liver mitochondrial cytochrome P-450(26) differed from those of rabbit and rat liver mitochondrial 26-hydroxylases as well as from those of other hitherto isolated mammalian cytochromes P-450.
Heterogeneously Hybridized Porous Coordination Polymer Crystals: Fabrication of Heterometallic Core–Shell Single Crystals with an In‐Plane Rotational Epitaxial Relationship (2008)

MOF on MOF: Core-shell porous coordination polymer (PCP) crystals are fabricated at the single-crystal level by epitaxial growth in solution. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements unveiled the structural relationship between the shell crystal and the core crystal, where in-plane rotational epitaxial growth compensates the difference in lattice constant.
Location of Mobile Terminals with Quantized Measurements (2006)

This paper introduces a new method for locating mobile terminals for wireless networks in dense urban locations based on low-cost quantized propagation time measurements. The joint probability density functions (PDFs) of the mobile terminal location and measurements are approximated as Gaussian mixture models based on survey data collected in the network area. Optimization is performed to find a Gaussian mixture model which describes the survey set with a minimum number of bits. This reduces the effects of over-fitting of the survey data on the approximate PDF. The approximate joint PDF of terminal location and measurements is used to estimate the location of mobile terminals and the covariance of the location error. It is shown how this error covariance can be used with Kalman filtering to combine past location estimates with the current location estimate and further reduce location error
Piezoreflectance as a supplement to photoreflectance for nondestructive characterization of GaAs/Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>As multiple quantum wells (1988)

Piezoreflectance is used to identify allowed and forbidden transitions in the spectra of as-grown 100 and 50 Å GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs multiple quantum well samples from which no photoreflectance spectra suitable for characterization could be obtained. Features in the piezoreflectance spectra are shown to result from excitonic transition by direct comparison with the absorbance measurements made on semitransparent regions of these samples. Transition energies are extracted from the piezoreflectance spectra using a form of the Aspnes equation appropriate for the first derivative of a Lorentzian.
The free testosterone to dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate molar ratio as a marker of visceral fat accumulation in premenopausal obese women. (1994)

The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between sex hormones and fat distribution in premenopausal obese women. Serum concentrations of sex hormones, glucose tolerance and fat distribution were determined in a population of non-diabetic obese women, in the outpatient clinic of University Hospital, Bari, Italy. The subjects were 40 consecutive premenopausal obese women (BMI > 25). The amounts of visceral, abdominal subcutaneous, and femoral subcutaneous fat, and the visceral to abdominal subcutaneous fat ratio were measured by ultrasound techniques. Serum concentrations of total testosterone (T), free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), delta 4-androstenedione (A), 17-beta-estradiol (E2), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and the FT to DHEAS molar ratio were measured during the follicular phase. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were evaluated during an oral glucose tolerance test. Of all sex hormones, the FT/DHEAS molar ratio was the parameter that most closely related to the amount of visceral fat (r: 0.544, P < 0.001), and this positive association was maintained (P < 0.01) after adjustment for age, BMI and insulin levels (fitted model: R2 adjusted: 0.504; F ratio: 14.73; P-value: < 0.0001). DHEAS was inversely correlated with the amount of visceral fat (r: -0.324, P < 0.05). T was inversely correlated with the amounts of both abdominal subcutaneous (r: -0.409, P < 0.01) and visceral fat (r: -0.324, P < 0.05). The FT to DHEAS molar ratio is the androgenic parameter that most closely relates to the accumulation of visceral fat in premenopausal obese women.
Direct Patterning of Gold Nanoparticles Using Dip-Pen Nanolithography (2008)

Various methods for the patterned assembly of metal nanoparticles have been developed in order to harness their unique electrical and optical properties for device applications. This paper discusses a method for direct writing of Au nanoparticles at nanoscale resolution using dip-pen nanolithography. First, a procedure was developed for increasing the loading of Au nanoparticles onto AFM tips to prolong patterning life. AFM tips were subsequently imaged by scanning electron microscopy to determine ink coverage and to gain insight into the deposition process. Next, surface interactions, relative humidity, and writing speed were controlled to determine an optimal range of conditions for deposition. Various ink-substrate combinations were studied to elucidate the dependence of deposition on interactions between Au nanoparticles and the substrate surface; inks consisted of positively and negatively charged particles, and substrates were SiO(2) surfaces modified as hydrophilic or hydrophobic and interacted electrostatically or covalently with Au nanoparticles. Results indicate that a highly hydrophilic surface is required for Au nanoparticle deposition, unless covalent binding can occur between the Au and substrate surface. The optimal range of relative humidity for patterning was found to be 40-60%, and Au nanoparticle deposition was not sensitive to writing speeds ranging from 0.01 to 2 microm/s.
Granular L10 FePt–X (X=C, TiO2, Ta2O5) (001) nanocomposite films with small grain size for high density magnetic recording (2009)

Fe Pt – X (X=C, TiO2, Ta2O5) nanocomposite films were deposited on MgO∕CrRu∕glass substrates at 350°C by magnetron cosputtering. The comparison investigations on the magnetic properties and microstructure of FePt–X films with various dopants were conducted. All FePt–X films showed (001) preferred orientation and oxide dopants promoted the formation of magnetically soft fcc FePt phase. With 15vol% C doping, FePt–C film with columnar grains of 7.5nm was obtained and the out-of-plane coercivity measured at room temperature was as high as 14.4kOe. The increase in carbon volume fraction to 20% caused the formation of two-layer structure, whereas for the 20vol% TiO2 and Ta2O5 doping, the columnar structure of the FePt films remained and the corresponding grain sizes were 5 and 10nm, respectively. Ta2O5 doping showed better grain isolation than the others. The out-of-plane coercivities of FePt–TiO2 and FePt–Ta2O5 films were 7.5 and 8.8kOe, respectively.
Centrifugation-free extraction of circulating nucleic acids using immiscible liquid under vacuum pressure (2018)

Abstract Extraction of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), which exists at an extremely low concentration in plasma, is a critical process for either targeted-sensing or massive sequencing of DNAs. However, such small amount of DNA cannot be fully obtained without high-speed centrifugation (<20,000 g). Here, we developed a centrifugation-free cfDNA extraction method and system that utilizes an immiscible solvent under single low vacuum pressure throughout the entire process. It has been named Pressure and Immiscibility-Based EXtraction (PIBEX). The amounts of extracted cfDNA by PIBEX were compared with those extracted by the conventional gold standards such as QIAGEN using quantitative PCR (qPCR). The PIBEX system showed equal performance regarding extraction amount and efficiency compared to the existing method. Because the PIBEX eliminates the troublous and repetitive centrifugation processes in DNA extraction, it can be further utilized in microfluidic-sample preparation systems for circulating nucleic acids, which would lead to an integrated sample-to-answer system in liquid biopsies.
Novel Erasable and Rewritable Optical Memory Utilizing Photostimulated Luminescence in Eu and Sm Codoped SrS Phosphor Ceramics (1997)

Photostimulated luminescence (PSL) in Eu and Sm codoped strontium sulfide (SrS:Eu, Sm) phosphor ceramics is studied in order to develop a novel erasable and rewritable optical memory utilizing the PSL. Intense PSL with a peak at about 600 nm is observed in SrS:Eu, Sm phosphor ceramics which are stimulated with infrared light after irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light or visible light. The excitation and emission mechanisms of the 600 nm PSL are discussed. The PSL characteristics for the optical memory are reported.
Experimental verification of a hand held electronically-collimated radiation detector (2007)

A hand-held electronically-collimated directional detector is being developed for gamma-radiation source localization. The system comprises a 6-sided box of detectors; Compton scatter events between pairs of detectors provide the source localization data. We report on experimental and simulation results for a partial prototype, with extrapolation to potential performance of a full detector system. The partial prototype used CZT detector modules to form two sides of the box geometry, with external signal processing and data acquisition components. Coincidence data were collected with the calibrated detector from Na-22, Cs-137 and Co-60 sources. The simulation model for charge collection in thick monolithic CZT accounted for charge trapping and sharing with estimation of hole and electron mobility, along with a linear approximation for charge sharing between pixels. By using calibration data from the prototype, the charge trapping model mimicked the average energy response, including tailing seen in the CZT energy spectra. Measured Compton-scatter data were compared for the three sources to the corresponding simulation results for a model of the two-sided prototype. Simulation results were also generated for the full 6-sided box geometry. The simulation model and prototype data showed that charge sharing and trapping contributed significantly to measured angular error and resolution for these CZT detector modules. The angular error typically was less than 5 degrees with angular resolution of 20-40 degrees FWHM, depending strongly on source location for the two-sided prototype. The 6-sided box simulation showed that reasonable direction-finding capabilities were possible even with the relatively coarse energy and spatial resolution of these CZT detector modules. Some discrepancies between simulation and prototype were due to the simple physics model used in the simulation; the charge trapping and sharing model is being incorporated into a more sophisticated GEANT4 simulation of the hand-held electronically-collimated detector system. Improvements to energy and spatial resolution of the detector modules should substantially improve overall system performance.
Chemistry of 1, 3-Dioxepins. I. Reaction of 4, 7-Dihidro-1, 3-dioxepins with Nitryl Chloride. (1978)

The reaction of 4, 7-dihydro-1, 3-dioxepins II with nitryl chloride in chloroform or light petroleum as a solvent gave a mixture of 5-chloro-6-nitro-1, 3-dioxepanes III and 5, 6-dichloro-dioxepanes IV. In alkylnitriles as solvents, the corresponding 6-acylamino-5-chloro-1, 3-dioxepanes VII were also formed. Hydrodechlorination of III in the presence of triethylamine afforded 5-nitro-4, 7-dihydro-1, 3-dioxepins I.
Correlation between placental bed biopsy findings, vascular cell adhesion molecule and fibronectin levels in pre‐eclampsia (2000)

Inadequate trophoblastic invasion of spiral arteries, and elevated levels VCAM-1 and fibronectin were found in women with pre-eclampsia. The magnitude of defective trophoblastic invasion, and blood levels of VCAM-1 and fibronectin correlate with the clinical severity of pre-eclampsia.
Absorption of Hydrogen in Liquid Reagents (1937)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAbsorption of Hydrogen in Liquid ReagentsDonald T. Bonney and Wilbert J. HuffCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1937, 9, 4, 157–162Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1937Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1937https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50108a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50108a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An Actin Homolog of the Archaeon <i>Thermoplasma acidophilum</i> That Retains the Ancient Characteristics of Eukaryotic Actin (2006)

Actin, a central component of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton, plays a crucial role in determining cell shape in addition to several other functions. Recently, the structure of the archaeal actin homolog Ta0583, isolated from the archaeon Thermoplasma acidophilum, which lacks a cell wall, was reported by Roeben et al. (J. Mol. Biol. 358:145-156, 2006). Here we show that Ta0583 assembles into bundles of filaments similar to those formed by eukaryotic actin. Specifically, Ta0583 forms a helix with a filament width of 5.5 nm and an axial repeating unit of 5.5 nm, both of which are comparable to those of eukaryotic actin. Eukaryotic actin shows a greater resemblance to Ta0583 than to bacterial MreB and ParM in terms of polymerization characteristics, such as the requirement for Mg(2+), critical concentration, and repeating unit size. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis also showed a closer relationship between Ta0583 and eukaryotic actin than between MreB or ParM and actin. However, the low specificity of Ta0583 for nucleotide triphosphates indicates that Ta0583 is more primitive than eukaryotic actin. Taken together, our results suggest that Ta0583 retains the ancient characteristics of eukaryotic actin.
The effect of presence on human-robot interaction (2008)

This study explores how a robotpsilas physical or virtual presence affects unconscious human perception of the robot as a social partner. Subjects collaborated on simple book-moving tasks with either a physically present humanoid robot or a video-displayed robot. Each task examined a single aspect of interaction: greetings, cooperation, trust, and personal space. Subjects readily greeted and cooperated with the robot in both conditions. However, subjects were more likely to fulfill an unusual instruction and to afford greater personal space to the robot in the physical condition than in the video-displayed condition. The same tendencies occurred when the virtual robot was supplemented by disambiguating 3-D information.
A PET study of visuospatial attention (1993)

Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to identify the neural systems involved in shifting spatial attention to visual stimuli in the left or right visual field along foveofugal or foveocentric directions. Psychophysical evidence indicated that stimuli at validly cued locations were responded to faster than stimuli at invalidly cued locations. Reaction times to invalid probes were faster when they were presented in the same than in the opposite direction of an ongoing attention movement. PET evidence indicated that superior parietal and superior frontal cortex were more active when attention was shifted to peripheral locations than when maintained at the center of gaze. Both regions encoded the visual field and not the direction of an attention shift. In the right superior parietal lobe, two distinct responses were localized for attention to left and right visual field. Finally, the superior parietal region was active when peripheral locations were selected on the basis of cognitive or sensory cues independent of the execution of an overt response. The frontal region was active only when responses were made to stimuli at selected peripheral locations. These findings indicate that parietal and frontal regions control different aspects of spatial selection. The functional asymmetry in superior parietal cortex may be relevant for the pathophysiology of unilateral neglect.
Catalytic Behavior of Graphite Nanofiber Supported Nickel Particles. 2. The Influence of the Nanofiber Structure (1998)

The hydrogenation of ethylene, 1-butene, and 1,3-butadiene has been used as a probe reaction in an attempt to monitor any possible changes in catalytic behavior induced by supporting nickel on different types of graphite nanofiber support materials. This study is designed to compare the catalytic behavior of the metal particles when dispersed on three types of nanofibers, where the orientation of the graphite platelets within the structures is significantly different in each case. The metal crystallites are located in such a manner that the majority of particles are in direct contact with graphite edge regions. It should be emphasized, however, that there are subtle differences in the spacing between adjacent exposed carbon atoms in the various nanofiber structures. As a consequence, it is highly probable that the atomic arrangement of the surfaces of nickel particles that nucleate on these different graphite edges will be dictated to a large degree by the interaction with the atoms in nanofiber supports. Under such circumstances one might reasonably expect that different crystallographic faces of nickel will be exposed to the reactant gas depending on which type of nanofiber structure is used as the supporting medium. For comparison purposes, the same set of hydrogenation reactions were carried out under similar conditions over γ-alumina supported nickel particles.
Kinetics of simultaneous leaching of Ag and Pb from hydrometallurgical zinc residues by chloride (2012)

Abstract The leaching kinetics of silver and lead simultaneously from zinc residue by chloride was investigated. The effects of stirring speed, temperature, sodium chloride concentration, particle size and liquid/solid ratio on Ag and Pb dissolution in sodium chloride were studied. It was determined that the dissolution rates increased with increasing sodium chloride concentration, temperature and decreasing particle size. The dissolution kinetics followed a shrinking core model, with inter‐diffusion through gangue layer as the rate determining step. This finding is in accordance with the apparent activation energy ( E a ) of 26.8 kJ·mol −1 (Ag) and 26.5 kJ·mol −1 (Pb), and a linear relationship between the rate constant and the reciprocal of squared particle size. The orders of reaction with respect to sodium chloride concentration, temperature and particle size were also achieved. The rate of reaction based on diffusion‐controlled process can be expressed by semi‐empirical equations.
Local induction of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) by proteasome inhibition confers chondroprotection during surgically induced osteoarthritis in the rat knee (2008)

Intra-articular induction of Hsp70 by MG132 could be a safe and interesting tool in chondrocytes protection from cellular injuries and thus might be a novel chondroprotective modality in rat OA.
Variable reflection angle meta-surface using double layered patch type FSS (2014)

This paper proposes the variable reflection angle meta-surface using the double layered structure which can change the scatter pattern simply by sifting other layer. It is clarified that the gradients of the element vs. the reflection phase are changed by the relative position between two layers in double layered patch type FSS (Frequency Selective Surface). It is found that the reflection angle with range of about -34 deg. to -2 deg. is obtained in the proposed meta-surface.
An Overview of the Importance of Conformational Flexibility in Gene Regulation by the Transcription Factors (2009)

A number of proteins with intrinsically disordered (ID) regions/domains are reported to be found disproportionately higher in transcription factors. Available evidences suggest that presence of ID region/domain within a transcription factor plays an important role in its biological functions. These ID sequences provide large flexible surfaces that can allow them to make more efficient physical and functional interactions with their target partners. Since transcription factors regulate expression of target genes by interacting with specific coregulatory proteins, these ID regions/domains can be used as a platform for such large macromolecular interactions, and may represent a mechanism for regulation of cellular processes. The precise structural basis for the function of these ID regions/domains of the transcription factors remains to be determined. In the recent years there has been growing evidence suggesting that an induced fit-like process leads to imposition of folded functional structure in these ID domains on which large multiprotein complexes are built. These multiprotein complexes may eventually dictate the final outcome of the gene regulation by the transcription factors.