gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Artificial Collapse of Blastocysts Before Vitrification: Mechanical vs. Laser Technique and Effect on Survival, Cell Number, and Cell Death in Early and Expanded Blastocysts (2008)

The purpose of this study was to systematically examine blastocoelic fluid reduction prior to vitrification and its potential benefits. In addition, we compared artificial collapse (AC) by laser pulse to a mechanical method. Mouse and dicarded human blastocysts were used in this study. Blastocysts were collapsed using either a 10 ms pulse with a laser (LAC) or else mechanical puncture with a microneedle (MAC). Blastocysts were vitrified on cryoloops using a two-step ethylene glycol/dimethyl sulfoxide protocol. We examined the effects of AC on specific outcome parameters such as overall survival, reexpansion, cell proliferation, and DNA damage. Unlike others, we report overall high survival rates with expanded blastocysts even without fluid reduction. We did detect a significant increase in blastomeres showing signs of DNA damage in the control group (13%) in comparison to blastocysts AC prior to vitrification (LAC 3%, MAC 5%; p < 0.001). Control blastocysts exhibited a lower rate of reexpansion. Within 3 h of warming, 73% and 81%, respectively of mechanically or laser collapsed blastocysts were fully reexpanded as compared to only 53% of control blastocysts ( p < 0.001). Overall blastomere count was also significantly lower in control blastocysts (CT 103+32, MAC 121 + 37, LAC 134 + 35; p < 0.0001). Early blastocysts with smaller blastocoelic volumes did not benefit from any further reduction of fluid volume. AC can reduce DNA damage and enhance postwarming reexpansion and cell proliferation in expanding blastocysts. The laser method also appeared to be effective and may offer some advantages over mechanical collapse.
A Multiple-Replica Remote Data Possession Checking Protocol with Public Verifiability (2010)

Many cloud storage providers declare that they store multiple replicas of clients' data in order to prevent data loss. However, currently there is no guarantee that they actually spend storage for multiple replicas. Recently a multiple-replica provable data possession (MR-PDP) protocol is proposed, which provides clients with the ability to check whether multiple replicas are really stored at the cloud storage servers. However, in MR-PDP, only private verifiability is achieved. In this paper, we propose a multiple-replica remote data possession checking protocol which has public verifiability. The public verifiability increases the protocol's flexibility in that a third-party auditor can perform the data checking on behalf of the clients. Homomorphic authentication tags based on BLS signature are used in the proposed protocol. By security analysis and performance analysis, the proposed protocol is shown to be secure and efficient, which makes it very suitable in cloud storage systems.
Naturally occurring ten-membered lactones: total synthesis of (.+-.)-diplodialide A, (.+-.)-diplodialide C, and (.+-.)-decan-9-olide (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNaturally occurring ten-membered lactones: total synthesis of (.+-.)-diplodialide A, (.+-.)-diplodialide C, and (.+-.)-decan-9-olideTakeshi Wakamatsu, Kozo Akasaka, and Yoshio BanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 12, 2008–2012Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01326a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01326a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views519Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Challenges of OPC model calibration from SEM contours (2008)

Traditionally OPC models are calibrated to match CD measurements from selected test pattern locations. This demand for massive CD data drives advances in metrology. Considerable progress has recently been achieved in complimenting this CD data with SEM contours. Here we propose solutions to some challenges that emerge in calibrating OPC models from the experimental contours. We discuss and state the minimization objective as a measure of the distance between simulation and experimental contours. The main challenge is to correctly process inevitable gaps, discontinuities and roughness of the SEM contours. We discuss standardizing the data interchange formats and procedures between OPC and metrology vendors.
Chemical Pathways Connecting Lead(II) Iodide and Perovskite via Polymeric Plumbate(II) Fiber (2015)

Despite tremendous progress in optoelectronic devices using lead perovskite (CH3NH3(+)PbI3(-)), there has been a paucity of mechanistic information on how photoactive micron-sized crystals of lead perovskite grow from a mixture of a layered crystal of lead(II) iodide and methylammonium iodide mediated by a polar solvent, DMSO or DMF. We report here that the whole process of the lead perovskite synthesis consists of a series of equilibria driven by reversible solvent participation involving a polymeric strip of plumbate(II) oligomer as a key intermediate. A significant finding includes quick decomposition of perovskite crystal upon exposure to DMSO or DMF at room temperature, where the solvent molecules act as a base to remove acidic ammonium iodide from the perovskite crystal. This observation accounts for the difficulty in controlling perovskite solar cell fabrication. Overall, the polar solvent is indispensible first to degrade a 2-D sheet of crystals of lead(II) iodide into 1-D fibrous intermediates and then to promote Oswald ripening of perovskite crystals. The detailed chemical information provided here will help to rationalize the photovoltaic device studies that have so far remained empirical and to open a new venue to a developing field of microscale lead perovskite devices, as illustrated by fabrication of photovoltaic devices and photodetectors.
Synthesis of new cycloaliphatic epoxy resins and their crosslinking (1993)

Abstract The reaction of cycloaliphatic and glycidylic oxiranes with primary amines was examined; no reaction was observed for the former. From unsymmetrical cycloaliphatic glycidylic imide derivatives and primary amines, it was possible to obtain well defined epoxy‐terminated biscycloaliphatic resins containing imide rings, which were identified by 13 C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. These epoxy resins were crosslinked by simple heating without hardeners and epoxide/amine‐networks were obtained. The action of phthalic anhydride as curing agent gave different results depending on the nature of the starting cycloaliphatic group. Thus, while tetrahydrophthalimide derivatives, N ‐(2,3‐epoxypropyl)perhydro‐4,5‐epoxyphthalimide ( 2 ), underwent crosslinking, nadimide derivatives, N ‐(2,3‐epoxypropyl)‐5,6‐epoxybicyclo [2.2.1] heptane‐2,3‐dicarboximide ( 1 ) did not react. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to follow the reaction; in all the cases, only the dynamic method was applied, in order to obtain kinetic parameters. The values for activation energies are comparable to those reported for the curing of epoxide systems.
Protection Against Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis in Dairy Cows Using a Bismuth-Based Teat Seal Containing the Bacteriocin, Lacticin 3147 (2000)

We assessed the effectiveness of a novel dry cow treatment containing lacticin 3147 using deliberate challenge studies in lactating cows. Infection-free quarters of lactating cows were infused with Teat seal (Cross Vetpharm Group, Ltd., Dublin, Ireland) combined with the food-grade bacteriocin, lacticin 3147. Natural infection of the teat was simulated by deliberately introducing Staphylococcus aureus into the teat duct and teat sinus. Relative to control quarters, teat seal plus lacticin 3147 reduced the number of teats shedding viable cells when an inoculum of either approximately 1.7 x 10(3) or approximately 6.8 x 10(3) cfu per teat was used. In addition, the numbers of challenge organisms in those teats from which S. aureus was subsequently recovered were also reduced. However, when the concentration of bacteriocin in the teat seal formulation was reduced by approximately 50%, the number of teats shedding S. aureus cells was not reduced. These data indicate the potential for lacticin 3147 to prevent staphylococcal mastitis infections when a sufficient concentration of the bacteriocin is present. This study also highlights the application of a lactating-cow model to assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial intramammary products on mastitic cell populations.
A perception mechanism for supporting autonomous intersection handling in urban driving (2008)

Knowledge of the driving environment is essential for robotic vehicles to comply with traffic rules while autonomously traversing intersections. However, due to limited sensing coverage and continuous changes in driving conditions, rigidly-mounted sensors may not guarantee coverage of all regions of interest, all the time. Unobserved regions around intersections increase uncertainty in driving conditions. This paper describes a dynamic sensor planning method that searches for the optimal angles of two pointable sensors to maximally cover relevant unobserved regions of interest. The obtained angles are used to adjust the orientations of the pointable sensors and hence reduce uncertainty around intersections. Simulation results show that the sensor planning method increases the percentage of covered area. In addition to the sensor pointing problem, we provide an initial discussion of how to reason about occlusions in an urban environment. Occlusions caused by structures and other environmental features can increase uncertainty in driving environments. An occlusion handling method is used to detect these occlusions and enable our vehicle to model the presence of occluded regions. An awareness of occlusions enables safer driving decisions.
The Caveolin genes: from cell biology to medicine (2004)

Caveolae are vesicular organelles (50-100-nm in diameter) that are particularly abundant in cells of the cardiovascular system, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. In these cell types, caveolae function both in protein trafficking and signal transduction, as well as in cholesterol homeostasis. Caveolins are the structural proteins that are both necessary and sufficient for the formation of caveolae membrane domains. Caveolins 1 and 2 are co-expressed in most cell types, while the expression of caveolin-3 is muscle-specific. Thus, endothelial cells and fibroblasts are rich in caveolins 1 and 2, while cardiac myocytes and skeletal muscle fibers express caveolin-3. In contrast, smooth muscle cells express all three caveolins (Cav-1, -2, and -3). Mechanistically, caveolins interact with a variety of downstream signaling molecules, including Src-family tyrosine kinases, p42/44 mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and hold these signal transducers in the inactive conformation until activation by an appropriate stimulus. In many ways, caveolins serve both to compartmentalize and regulate signaling. Recent studies using caveolin-deficient mouse models dramatically show that caveolae and caveolins play a prominent role in various human patho-biological conditions, especially those related to the cardiovascular system. These disease phenotypes include: atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, pulmonary hypertension, and neointimal hyperplasia (smooth muscle cell proliferation). In addition, caveolins play a significant role in other disease phenotypes, such as cancer, diabetes, bladder dysfunction, and muscular dystrophy, as we discuss in this review. Thus, caveolin-deficient mice will serve as important new animal models to dissect the intricate role of caveolae and caveolins in the pathogenesis of human diseases.
Porous PTFE space-charge electrets for piezoelectric applications (2000)

Porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films were positively or negatively corona charged at room or elevated temperatures. Their charge storage behavior was investigated by means of isothermal surface potential measurements in direct comparison to nominally nonporous samples of the same polymer. It was found that porosity may lead to significantly enhanced surface-charge stability for both polarities. Direct piezoelectricity was studied on quadruple, double, and single layer samples by means of quasi-static measurements. For the determination of indirect piezoelectricity, frequency-dependent acoustical-transducer experiments were carried out. Both applications-relevant measurements yielded piezoelectric d/sub 33/ coefficients of up to approximately 600 pC/N or 600 pm/V. These values are more than one order of magnitude higher than in conventional piezoelectric polymers such as polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) and almost comparable to the highest known values of inorganic piezoelectrics. Consequently, the novel piezoelectric porous-fluoropolymer spacecharge electrets exhibit an outstanding potential for various device applications that are very briefly discussed.
Developing Scenarios for Research into Upset Recovery Simulation (2010)

This paper gives an overview of the European Framework Programme 7 project SUPRA – Simulation of Upset Recovery in Aviation, a European research effort involving nine partnering organizations from the Netherlands, Austria, Spain, Russia, the United Kingdom and Germany aiming at developing new concepts of ground-based upset recovery simulation for use on hexapod-type as well as centrifuge-based simulators. Along with a general overview of the project objectives the paper reports on the status of the R&D effort including some of the first important decisions taken within the project such as the definition of a set of upset scenarios to be used by SUPRA for benchmarking of the concepts developed by the project.
Treatment of Enamel Surfaces After Bracket Debonding: Case Reports and Long-term Follow-ups (2015)

After bracket debonding, residual bonded material may be observed on the enamel surface. When not properly removed, this residual material can interfere with the surface smoothness of the enamel, potentially resulting in staining at the resin/enamel interface and contributing to biofilm accumulation. Clinical case reports demonstrate clinical procedures to remove residual bonded material after bracket debonding. A water-cooled fine tapered 3195 FF diamond bur was used to remove the residual bonded material. Subsequently, the enamel surface was treated with Opalustre microabrasive compound. After one week, overnight dental bleaching was initiated using 10% carbamide peroxide in custom-formed trays for four weeks. The enamel microabrasion technique was found to be effective for polishing the enamel surface and for reestablishing the dental esthetics associated with dental bleaching. Longitudinal clinical controls of other clinical cases are presented.
Conversion of 2-Duroylresorcinol into a Fluorenone Derivative<sup>1</sup> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConversion of 2-Duroylresorcinol into a Fluorenone Derivative1Reynold C. Fuson, Angelo J. Bollero, and Conrad F. HeinsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 7, 2643–2644Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01054a508https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01054a508research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views34Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Effect of Remifentanil on the Bispectral Index Change and Hemodynamic Responses After Orotracheal Intubation (2000)

Bispectral index change is as sensitive as hemodynamic responses after a painful stimulus for detecting deficits in the analgesic component of anesthesia. It may, therefore, be a useful monitor of the depth of anesthesia in patients who are incapable of HR and MAP responses to noxious stimuli because of medications or cardiovascular disease.
Macrophage galectin-3 enhances intimal translocation of vascular calcification in diabetes mellitus (2020)

The clinical risks and prognosis of diabetic vascular intimal calcification (VIC) and medial calcification (VMC) are different. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of VIC/VMC translocation. Anterior tibial arteries were collected from patients with diabetic foot amputation. The patients were then divided into VIC and VMC groups. There were plaques in all anterior tibial arteries, while the enrichment of galectin-3 in arterial plaques in the VIC group was significantly higher than that in the VMC group. Furthermore, a macrophage/vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) coculture system was constructed. VSMC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) was labeled with fluorescent probe. After macrophages were pretreated with recombinant galectin-3 protein, the migration of VSMC-derived EVs and VSMC-derived calcification was more pronounced. And anti-galectin-3 antibody can inhibit this process of EVs and calcification translocation. Then, lentivirus (LV)-treated bone marrow cells (BMCs) were transplanted into apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE<sup>-/-</sup>) mice, and a diabetic atherosclerosis mouse model was constructed. After 15 wk of high-fat diet, ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice transplanted with LV-shgalectin-3 BMCs exhibited medial calcification and a concentrated distribution of EVs in the media. In conclusion, upregulation of galectin-3 in macrophages promotes the migration of VSMC-derived EVs to the intima and induces diabetic vascular intimal calcification.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> The clinical risk and prognosis of vascular intimal and medial calcification are different. Macrophage galectin-3 regulates the migration of vascular smooth muscle cell-derived extracellular vesicles and mediates diabetic vascular intimal/medial calcification translocation. This study may provide insights into the early intervention in diabetic vascular calcification.
In vivo recruitment by painful stimuli of AMPA receptor subunits to the plasma membrane of spinal cord neurons (2004)

The persistent increase in pain sensitivity observed after injury, known as hyperalgesia, depends on synaptic plasticity in the pain pathway, particularly in the spinal cord. Several potential mechanisms have been proposed, including post-synaptic exocytosis of the AMPA subclass of glutamate receptors (AMPA-R), which is known to play a critical role in synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. AMPA-R trafficking has been described in spinal neurons in culture but it is unknown if it can also occur in spinal neurons in vivo, or if it can be induced by natural painful stimulation. Here we have induced referred mechanical hyperalgesia in vivo by intracolonic instillation of capsaicin in mice and have observed a recruitment of GluR1 AMPA-R subunits to neuronal plasma membranes in the lumbar spinal cord. Intracolonic capsaicin induced a rapid (10 min) increase in GluR1, but not GluR2/3 in the synaptosomal membrane fraction which lasted at least 3 h and a decrease in GluR1 subunit in the cytosolic fraction. Capsaicin treatment also provoked CaMKII activation and pre-treatment with a specific CaMKII inhibitor prevented the GluR1 trafficking. Brefeldin-A, an antibiotic that inhibits exocytosis of proteins, not only prevented GluR1 trafficking to the membrane but also inhibited referred hyperalgesia in capsaicin-treated mice. Our results show that delivery of GluR1 AMPA receptor subunits to the cell membrane through a CaMKII activity-dependent exocytotic regulated pathway contributes to the development of hyperalgesia after a painful stimulus. We conclude that AMPA-R trafficking contributes to the synaptic strengthening induced in the pain pathway by natural stimulation.
169. Experiments on the synthesis of physostigmine (eserine). Part XI. The later phases of the synthetical investigations (1935)

F. E. King and R. Robinson, J. Chem. Soc., 1935, 755 DOI: 10.1039/JR9350000755
A computer controlled dielectric time domain spectrometer (1980)

A computer controlled dielectric TDS system, based on a dual channel sampling oscilloscope, is described. One channel provides an accurate time reference for the necessary Fourier transformations. A digital feedback loop ensures the relative stability (<or approximately=0.5 ps) of the recorded pulses, allowing long time accumulation and averaging of data. The system allows both reflection and transmission TDS methods to be used.
Instantaneous frequency, instantaneous bandwidth and the analysis of multicomponent signals (2002)

The definitions of instantaneous frequency are reviewed in the context of signal theory, communication theory and discrete time implementations. The spread of a signal about its instantaneous frequency, or instantaneous bandwidth, is investigated for several common time-frequency distributions by simulations. The instantaneous frequency of a multicomponent signal is examined. Further investigation of the time-frequency representation of a multicomponent signal leads to an adaptive algorithm which may improve time-frequency resolution of multicomponent signals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>