gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrophilic Core‐Shell Microspheres: A Suitable Support for Controlled Attachment of Proteins and Biomedical Diagnostics (2005)

Functional hydrophilic microspheres (latex particles) have found various applications in life sciences and in medicine - particularly in latex diagnostic tests. This paper presents a comprehensive review of studies on latex particles with a hydrophilic interfacial layer composed of various hydrophilic polymers with reactive groups at the ends of macromolecules or at each monomeric unit along the chain. Typical examples of these hydrophilic polymers are poly(2-hydroxyethyl methyl methacrylate), poly(acrylic acid), poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), polysaccharides, poly(ethylene oxide) and polyglycidol. Hydrophilic microspheres with different morphologies (uniform or core-shell, see Figure) have been synthesized by emulsion and dispersion polymerizations. The chemical structure of polymers which constitute the interfacial layer of microspheres has been investigated using a variety of instrumental techniques (such as XPS, SSIMS and NMR) and analytical methods based on specific chemical reactions suitable for the determination of particular functional groups. Microspheres are exposed to contact with proteins in the majority of medical applications. This paper presents examples of studies on the attachment of these biomacromolecules to microspheres. The relation between the structure of the interfacial layer of microspheres and the ability of these particles for the covalent binding of proteins is discussed. Several examples of diagnostic tests, in which hydrophilic microspheres with adsorbed or covalently immobilized proteins were used as reagents, are presented. The paper also contains a short review of the application of magnetic hydrophilic particles for protein separation. Examples of hydrophilic latex particles used for hemoperfusion or heavy metal ion separation are presented. Hydrophilic microspheres with uniform or core-shell morphologies.
All signs of the metabolic syndrome in hypertensive ISIAH rats are associated with increased activity of the transcription factors PPAR, LXR, PXR, and CAR in the liver (2011)

It is known that the metabolic syndrome (MS) characterized by hypertension, dyslipidemia, glucose tolerance, and obesity leads to serious cardiovascular diseases, which still are the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. The MS distribution is growing catastrophically, but molecular mechanisms responsible for developments of complex impairments in MS still remain basically poorly investigated. Since the chronic stress plays a crucial role in MS development, in the present work a hypertensive rat strain with Inherited Stress-Induced Arterial Hypertension (ISIAH-strain) was used as a model. It was shown that the ISIAH rat strain is characterized by an increased content of triglyceride, VLDL and LDL cholesterols, a decreased content of HDL cholesterol, a high level of apolipoprotein B-100, and a decreased level of apolipoprotein A-I as compared with the control WAG rat strain. The ISIAH rat body weight and blood glucose level were higher than in WAG rats. Thus, hypertension in ISIAH rats is accompanied by dislipidemia, increased glucose level, and increased body weight, representing a whole set of symptoms typical for MS. The DNA-binding activity of the transcription factors involved into regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism genes (PPAR, LXR, PXR, and CAR) was higher in ISIAH rats compared with WAG rats. A complex study of regulatory mechanisms, signaling pathways, and transcription targets mediating PPAR, LXR, PXR, and CAR effects may help better understanding of the MS pathogenesis and provide valuable information for design of complex drugs for MS treatment.
EQUIPMENT LOCATION SYSTEMS: PROVIDING INTERMODAL TERMINAL OPERATORS WITH ACCURATE INFORMATION (1996)

Intermodal container terminal operators perform three primary tasks when handling containers: identification, location, and assignment. Numerous tools are available that facilitate assignment of containers, such as computer software programs designed to manage container location, placement, and routing within a container terminal. However, these software tools depend on manual input for identification and location data. Automatic identification and positioning technologies are available that can readily identify and locate equipment, but to date, no attempt has been made to integrate these technologies to provide a comprehensive resource for intermodal operations. By integrating automatic equipment identification (AEI) and differential global positioning system (DGPS) technologies into container handling equipment, terminal operators can receive container identification and location in an automatic mode. This information update can be completed via wireless data communication, which provides a high-speed, bidirectional data link between the master station and mobile remote units located on container handlers. This communication backbone forwards the DGPS correction factor to all mobile units and carries the identification and location information to the master station. The Cargo Handling Cooperative Program (CHCP), a cooperative organization made up of American President Lines, Ltd.; Crowley American Transport, Inc.; Matson Terminals, Inc.; and the U.S. Maritime Administration, is sponsoring a proof-of-concept test that will demonstrate the feasibility of integrating AEI, DGPS, and wireless area networks into an equipment location system (ELS) that will provide accurate real-time identification, location, and data communication. ELS will provide terminal operators with information in a near real-time mode to facilitate planning, management, and quality programs that improve terminal productivity and enhance customer service.
Terahertz Resonant Detection by Plasma Waves in Nanometric Transistors (2008)

The plasma waves in gated two-dimensional electron gas have a linear dispersion law, similar to the sound waves. The transistor channel is acting as a resonator cavity for the plasma waves, which can reach frequencies in the THz range for a sufficiently short gate length field effect transistors. A variety of possible applications of field effect transistor operating as a THz device were suggested. In particular, it was shown that the nonlinear properties of plasma oscillations can be utilized for THz tunable detectors. During the last few years THz detection related to plasma wave instabilities in nanometer size field effect transistors was demonstrated experimentally. In this work we review our recent experimental results on the resonant plasma wave detection at cryogenic and room temperatures.
Articulated Hand Motion Tracking Using ICA-based Motion Analysis and Particle Filtering (2006)

This paper introduces a new representation of hand motions for tracking and recognizing hand-finger gestures in an image sequence. A human hand has many joints, for example our hand model has 15, and its high dimensionality makes it difficult to model hand motions. To make things easier, it is important to represent a hand motion in a low dimensional space. Principle component analysis (PCA) has been proposed to reduce the dimensionality. However, the PCA basis vectors only represent global features, which are not optimal for representing intrinsic features. This paper proposes an efficient representation of hand motions by independent component analysis (ICA). The ICA basis vectors represent local features, each of which corresponds to the motion of a particular finger. This representation is more efficient in modeling hand motions for tracking and recognizing handfinger gestures in an image sequence. We will demonstrate the effectiveness of the method by tracking a hand in real image sequences.
Changes in the Structure and Magnetic Characteristic of Nanofilms and Control of Spin Current by Short Laser Pulses (2013)

The article focuses on photon drag effect under laser radiation in solid state materials. This effect causes a high concentration of nonequilibrium electrons in the area of the laser beam the exit out of material. Coulomb interaction of spatial charge of these electrons with the charged impurity atoms can cause their drift in the direction of laser radiation. The photon drag effect can be used in laser doping technology of thin films. In multilayer magnetic nanofilms the photon drag effect of polarized electrons can lead to magnetic reversal of magnetic layers, which can be used to control a high speed spin current in the elements of spintronics.
Differential Mechanisms for the Involvement of Polyamines and Hypusinated eIF5A in Ebola Virus Gene Expression (2018)

Polyamines and hypusinated eIF5A have been implicated in the replication of diverse viruses; however, defining their roles in supporting virus replication is still under investigation. We have previously reported that Ebola virus (EBOV) requires polyamines and hypusinated eIF5A for replication. Using a replication-deficient minigenome construct, we show that gene expression, in the absence of genome replication, requires hypusinated eIF5A. Additional experiments demonstrated that the block in gene expression upon hypusine depletion was posttranscriptional, as minigenome reporter mRNA transcribed by the EBOV polymerase accumulated normally in the presence of drug treatment where protein did not. When this mRNA was isolated from cells with low levels of hypusinated eIF5A and transfected into cells with normal eIF5A function, minigenome reporter protein accumulation was normal, demonstrating that the mRNA produced was functional but required hypusinated eIF5A function for translation. Our results support a mechanism in which hypusinated eIF5A is required for the translation, but not synthesis, of EBOV transcripts. In contrast, depletion of polyamines with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) resulted in a strong block in the accumulation of EBOV polymerase-produced mRNA, indicating a different mechanism of polyamine suppression of EBOV gene expression. Supplementing with exogenous polyamines after DFMO treatment restored mRNA accumulation and luciferase activity. These data indicate that cellular polyamines are required for two distinct aspects of the EBOV life cycle. The bifunctional requirement for polyamines underscores the importance of these cellular metabolites in EBOV replication and suggests that repurposing existing inhibitors of this pathway could be an effective approach for EBOV therapeutics.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Ebola virus is a genetically simple virus that has a small number of proteins. Because of this, it requires host molecules and proteins to produce new infectious virus particles. Though attention is often focused on cellular proteins required for this process, it has recently been shown that cellular metabolites such as polyamines are also necessary for EBOV replication. Here we show that polyamines such as spermine and spermidine are required for the accumulation of EBOV mRNA and that eIF5A, a molecule modified by spermidine, is required for the translation, but not the production, of EBOV mRNAs. These findings suggest that effectively targeting this pathway could provide a biphasic block of EBOV replication.
Metaanalysis of Mandibular Fractures – Experience of two tertiary care facial trauma units in Assam: 1 year Prospective Study (2014)

I Associate Professor, Department of E.N.T., Head and Neck Surgery, Guwahati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati II 3 Year Postgraduate Student, Department of E.N.T, Head and Neck Surgery, Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh III 2 Year Postgraduate Student, Department of E.N.T., Head and Neck Surgery, Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh IV Professor & HOD, Department of E.N.T., Head and Neck Surgery, Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh V Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Surgery, Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh
Therapeutic effects of interleukin-4 gene transfer in experimental inflammatory bowel disease. (1997)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by altered immunoregulation and augmented intestinal synthesis of nitric oxide. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exogenous IL-4, introduced by a recombinant human type 5 adenovirus (Ad5) vector, on the tissue injury associated with an experimental model of colonic immune activation and inflammation. Colitis was induced in rats by the intrarectal administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNB) dissolved in 50% ethanol, and control rats received saline via the same route. 1 h later, all rats were randomized into two groups. The first group was injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 3.0 x 10(6) plaque forming units (PFUs) of Ad5 transfected with murine interleukin-4 (Ad5IL-4) and the second group was injected ip with the same amount of Ad5 expressing the Escherichia coli Lac Z gene (Ad5LacZ). One-half of the colitic and control rats were injected again with 3.0 x 10(6) PFUs of Ad5IL-4 or Ad5LacZ on day 3 of the 6-d study. When introduced once or twice via the peritoneal route into control rats, Ad5LacZ was localized to the serosal lining of the peritoneal cavity, the diaphragm and the liver on day 6. One or two injections of Ad5IL-4 into rats also produced measurable levels of circulating IL-4. TNB-colitis in both Ad5LacZ-treated groups was associated with pronounced elevations in serum IFN-gamma, and mucosal ulceration of the distal colon. Myeloperoxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase II (NOS II) synthetic activity were also increased by 30- and fivefold, respectively, above control levels in the distal colon. However, two injections of Ad5IL-4 into colitic rats caused the overexpression of IL-4, and significantly inhibited tissue damage, serum and colon IFN-gamma levels and myeloperoxidase activity in the distal colon. In addition, NOS II gene expression and NOS II nitric oxide synthesis was significantly inhibited. No therapeutic effect was observed in rats injected once with Ad5IL-4. Thus, IL-4, introduced by Ad5, is therapeutic during acute inflammation in the rat colon. The therapeutic effect of IL-4 was associated with an inhibition of inducible nitric oxide expression and a reduction in nitric oxide synthesis.
Blood platelet abnormalities and pharmacological modulation of platelet reactivity in patients with diabetes mellitus. (2005)

The overall picture of platelet abnormalities in diabetes mellitus (DM), including altered adhesion and aggregation, is hypersensitivity of diabetic platelets to agonists. "Primed" diabetic platelets respond more frequently even to subthreshold stimuli, sooner become exhausted, consumed and finally hyposensitive, thus contributing to accelerated thrombopoiesis and release of 'fresh' hyperreactive platelets. In diabetes disturbed carbohydrate and lipid metabolism may lead to physicochemical changes in cell membrane dynamics, and consequently result in altered exposure of surface membrane receptors. These phenomena, together with increased fibrinogen binding, prostanoid metabolism, phosphoinositide turnover and calcium mobilization often present in diabetic patients, contribute to enhanced risk of small vessel occlusions and accelerated development of atherothrombotic disease of coronary, cerebral and other vessels in diabetes. The paper concentrates on the role of dynamic, physico-chemical properties of platelet membrane lipid bilayer, as a major determinant of platelet hypersensitivity in diabetic patients. As a pharmacological response to platelet hypersensitivity in DM, making a major contribution to enhanced risk of thromboembolic macroangiopathy, and consequently enhanced morbidity and mortality in diabetic individuals, we have a variety of antiplatelet agents, and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is no doubt most commonly used worldwide. Everyday clinical practice shows that antiplatelet pharmacological approach may not always be efficient enough in people with diabetes. Although we are at the very beginning of complete understanding of so-called 'aspirin-resistance', several potential molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon in diabetes have been evidenced.
Higher order space-time block codes for virtual antenna arrays (2003)

Virtual antenna arrays were recently introduced that allow the application of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) capacity enhancement techniques to mobile terminals with a limited number of antenna elements. This paper investigates the performance improvements of deployed higher order space-time block codes (STBCs) to such virtual antenna arrays. The main idea is to emulate (nT/sub x/ transmit antennas, m/sub Rx/ receive antennas) diversity scheme. This approach successfully deals with the problem of just one receiving antenna in a handset. Simulations results indicate a drastic improvement in error performance over (n/sub Tx/,1) schemes.
[A study on enzymatic activities of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with interstitial lung diseases]. (1998)

Determining enzymatic activities could be helpful to study pathogenesis and diagnosis of ILDs, BALF-ACE may be as a good marker of disease activity of Sarcoidosis.
Abstract 14585: Chronic Treatment With a Mavacamten-Like Myosin-Modulator (MYK-581) Blunts Disease Progression in a Mini-Pig Genetic Model of Non-Obstructed Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: In Vivo Evidence for Improved Relaxation and Functional Reserve (2019)

Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heritable disease characterized by cardiac remodeling, impaired relaxation, and exertional intolerance. Direct myosin-attenuation with Mavacamte...
High thermal conductivity graphite nanoplatelet/UHMWPE nanocomposites (2015)

High thermal conductivity graphite nanoplatelets/ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (GNPs/UHMWPE) nanocomposites are fabricated <italic>via</italic> mechanical ball milling followed by a hot-pressing method.
PV ground-fault detection using spread spectrum time domain reflectometry (SSTDR) (2013)

A PV ground-fault detection technique using spread spectrum time domain reflectometry (SSTDR) method has been introduced in this paper. SSTDR is a reflectometry method that has been commercially used for detecting aircraft wire faults. Unlike other fault detection schemes for a PV system, ground fault detection using SSTDR does not depend on the amplitude of fault-current and highly immune to noise signals. Therefore, SSTDR can be used in the absence of the solar irradiation as well. The proposed PV ground fault detection technique has been tested in a real-world PV system and it has been observed that PV ground fault can be detected confidently by comparing autocorrelation values generated using SSTDR. The difference in the autocorrelation peaks before and after a ground-fault in the PV system are significantly higher than the threshold set for ground-fault detection.
Mutations in CHMP2B in Lower Motor Neuron Predominant Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (2010)

We conclude that in a population drawn from North of England pathogenic CHMP2B mutations are found in approximately 1% of cases of ALS and 10% of those with lower motor neuron predominant ALS. We provide a body of evidence indicating the likely pathogenicity of the reported gene alterations. However, absolute confirmation of pathogenicity requires further evidence, including documentation of familial transmission in ALS pedigrees which might be most fruitfully explored in cases with a LMN predominant phenotype.
Role and Function of Noble-Metal/Cr-Layer Core/Shell Structure Cocatalysts for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting Studied by Model Electrodes (2009)

The mechanism of hydrogen evolution by a core/shell noble-metal/Cr2O3 particulate as a highly efficient cocatalyst for overall water splitting under visible light using the photocatalyst (Ga1−xZnx)(N1−xOx) is investigated by electrochemical and in situ spectroscopic measurements of model electrodes. The electrodes are prepared by electrochemical deposition of 1.8−3.5 nm thick Cr2O3 films on Rh and Pt plates and are evaluated as model systems of Rh/Cr2O3 and Pt/Cr2O3 core/shell particulates, which have previously been applied effectively as cocatalysts for hydrogen evolution in this system. Proton adsorption/desorption and H2 evolution currents are observed for both the Cr2O3-coated and the bare electrodes, and the infrared absorption band due to Pt−H stretching (2039 cm−1) is apparent for both the coated and the bare electrodes. These observations indicate that the Cr2O3 layer does not interfere with proton reduction or hydrogen evolution and that proton reduction takes place at the Cr2O3/Pt interface. However, the reduction of oxygen to water is suppressed only in the Cr2O3-coated samples. The Cr2O3 layer is thus permeable to protons and the evolved hydrogen molecules, but not to oxygen. Cocatalyst modification by thin films with this type of functionality thus appears to be a useful strategy for improving the efficiency of photocatalytic overall water splitting.
Improving power factor correction in distributed power supply systems using PWM and ZCS-QR SEPIC topologies (2002)

The single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) presents several advantages over boost and flyback topologies which make this converter convenient for use as a power factor preregulator (PFP). Due to this fact, both the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) and the zero-current switched quasi-resonant (ZCS-QR) SEPIC used as PFPs are studied. Stress in components and operation in continuous and discontinuous conduction mode are considered in the PWM case, while the use of full-wave and half-wave resonant switches is considered in the ZCS-QR case. The study of the PWM SEPIC used as a PFP reveals that both types of PFP control, multiplier approach and voltage-follower approach, can be used in PWM SEPIC, the first one when it operates in continuous conduction mode and the second one when it operates in discontinuous conduction mode. Regarding the ZCS-QR SEPIC used as PFP, both types of resonant switch (half-wave and full-wave) can be used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Switched-Capacitor Digital Capacitance Bridge (1984)

A switched-capacitor bridge has been developed for capacitance measurements. It consists of four arms connected between the low-impedance output and virtual ground nodes of an op-amp, and hence is insensitive to parasitic capacitances. The capacitance to be measured is first given a proportional charge. This charge is then compared successively with charges quantized by means of a programmable binary-weighted capacitor array, until a balance is reached. This digital balance operation makes it possible to accomodate an automatic calibration scheme, which affords, in conjunction with the parasitic-insensitive configuration, an accurate measurement. Error analysis has shown that a 10-bit quantization accuracy and a relative error as small as 0.1 percent are attainable when the bridge is fabricated in LSI circuit form using present MOS technologies. A prototype bridge built using discrete components has confirmed the principles of operation. Examples of measurement are also given.
Sensorless dead-time exploration for digitally controlled switching converters (2013)

This paper proposes a sensorless dead-time exploration algorithm for a synchronous switching converter. An exploration algorithm using delay-line circuits instead of high frequency circuits is used to accelerate optimal dead-time searching and provide high quantization resolution with the dead-time step. The dead-time controller utilizes the relationship between the duty-cycle command and power loss to find the optimal dead-time without sensing any power-stage signals. This approach is well suited for digital integrated circuit implementation. Experimental results show that the converter, fabricated in the 0.18-μm CMOS process, can quickly find the optimal dead-time and improve efficiency.