gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multinuclear (platinum-195, nitrogen-15, carbon-13) NMR studies of the reactions between cis-diaminediaquaplatinum(II) complexes and aminomalonate (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultinuclear (platinum-195, nitrogen-15, carbon-13) NMR studies of the reactions between cis-diaminediaquaplatinum(II) complexes and aminomalonateDan Gibson, Ayelet Rosenfeld, Haim Apfelbaum, and Jochanan BlumCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 25, 5125–5129Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00350a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00350a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Particle Deposition in a Multiple-Path Model of the Human Lung (2001)

Predicting the amount of particle deposition in the human lung following exposure to airborne particulate matter is the rst step toward evaluating risks associated with exposure to airborne pollutants.Realistic deposition models are needed for accurate predictions of deposition in the lung, but a major limitation is the degree to which the lung geometry can be accurately reconstructed.Morphometric data for the entire airway tree of the human lung are not available.So far, idealistic lung structures have been used for deposition calculations.In this study, 10 statistical lung structures based on morphometric measurements of Raabe et al. (1976) were generated for the conducting airways of the human lung.A symmetric, dichotomous branching alveolar airway structure was attached to the end of the conducting airway tree of each lung structure.The total volume of the alveolar region was the same among the lung geometries.Using a mathematical scheme developed previously (Anjilvel and Asgharian 1995), regional, lobar, and per-generation depositions of particles were calculated in these geometries.The results were compared to deposition predictions using typical-path and ve-lobe symmetric lung geometry models.All three lung models showed very similar regional and generation-by-generation deposition results.Lobar deposition was found to strongly depend on the detailed morphometry of the lung structure that was used.Various deterministic models of particle deposition in the respiratory tract have been formulated to calculate the deposition of inhaled particles in humans and animals.The models range from empirical models that do not incorporate lung geometry (Rudolf et al. 1986(Rudolf et al. , 1990) ) to mathematically complex, many-path (multiple-path) models that are based on a lung structure constructed from actual airway measurements (Anjilvel and Asgharian 1995;Asgharian and Anjilvel 1998).In addition, a stochastic lung deposition model using statistical relationships
Evolution of the initial hole in vertically vibrated shear thickening fluids (2011)

The apparent viscosity of shear thickening fluid (STF) changes dramatically with the applied shear rate, which is a typical rheological property of STF. Such a rheological property affects the vertically vibrated dynamic property of STF. In order to get a better understanding of the vertically vibrated dynamic properties of STF, the surface instabilities in vertically vibrated STF, which was prepared by suspending polymethylmethacrylate particles in ethylene glycol, are investigated. Above a critical driving acceleration, the surface instability transforms from the disappearance to the fission of the initial hole, which is produced by applying a finite perturbation to the surface. The time required for the initial hole to disappear can be affected by the driving acceleration, vibration frequency, volume fraction, thickness, and shape and size of the perturbation. A possible model is proposed, and the expressions of hydrostatic force and viscous dissipative force are employed to clarify the relationship between disappearance of the hole and shear thickening effect. The fission and spreading follow a hexagonal arrangement. At a higher acceleration, the holes cover the entire surface in a state of disorder. The mechanism for the initial hole's evolution in vertically vibrated shear thickening fluids is discussed.
Two-phase microfluidics in electrowetting displays and its effect on optical performance (2016)

Driving microfluidic flow in micropixels by electrowetting to realize light switches and displays is of both practical and fundamental significance. The electro-optical performance related to microfluidic behavior needs to be clarified to optimize device functions. In this article, the microfluidic performance in electrowetting display devices was categorized according to the oil-water interface shape and response. The oil film movement was divided into vertically "thinning" and transversally "opening," for which the "thinning" process was found the key factor determining the pixel switching speed rather than the "opening" process. Therefore, the breakup point and the oil film thickness were critical, which could be controlled by surface wettability and oil volume. We have also realized a new oil filling method with controllable dosing volume assisted by the microfluidic creation of microdroplets. This study could help quantitatively understand electrowetting display performance in both its theoretical and practical aspects.
Improved optical character recognition with deep neural network (2018)

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) plays an important role in the retrieval of information from pixel-based images to searchable and machine-editable text formats. In old or poorly printed documents, printed characters are typically broken and blurred, making character recognition potentially far more complex. In this work, deep neural network using Inception V3 is used to train and perform OCR. The Inception V3 network is trained with 53,342 noisy character images, which were collected from receipts and newspapers. Our experimental results show that the proposed deep neural network achieved significantly better recognition accuracy on poor quality text images and resulted in an overall 21.5% reduction in error rate compared to existing OCRs.
Comment on “Inability of Lyapunov Exponents to Predict Epileptic Seizures” (2005)

A Comment on the Letter by Ying-Cheng Lai et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 068102 (2003). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.Received 17 February 2004DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.019801©2005 American Physical Society
β-Arrestin–mediated β1-adrenergic receptor transactivation of the EGFR confers cardioprotection (2007)

Deleterious effects on the heart from chronic stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors (betaARs), members of the 7 transmembrane receptor family, have classically been shown to result from Gs-dependent adenylyl cyclase activation. Here, we identify a new signaling mechanism using both in vitro and in vivo systems whereby beta-arrestins mediate beta1AR signaling to the EGFR. This beta-arrestin-dependent transactivation of the EGFR, which is independent of G protein activation, requires the G protein-coupled receptor kinases 5 and 6. In mice undergoing chronic sympathetic stimulation, this novel signaling pathway is shown to promote activation of cardioprotective pathways that counteract the effects of catecholamine toxicity. These findings suggest that drugs that act as classical antagonists for G protein signaling, but also stimulate signaling via beta-arrestin-mediated cytoprotective pathways, would represent a novel class of agents that could be developed for multiple members of the 7 transmembrane receptor family.
Therapeutic strategies for cytokines (1995)

Cytokines have now entered the clinical arena as important mediators of the immune system and the hematopoietic system. The interleukins (ILs) in clinical trials as anticancer agents at this time include IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-12. Other cytokines with demonstrated anticancer activity include the interferons and tumor necrosis factor. The complexity of this system is gradually being understood, and the clinical efficacy of these agents is being developed. This review is an update of the status of several of these agents in clinical investigations.
Phonetic models for generating spelling variants (2007)

have several different spellings when transliterated from a non-English source language into English. Knowing the different variations can significantly improve the results of name-searches on various source texts, especially when recall is important. In this paper we propose two novel phonetic models to generate numerous candidate variant spellings of a name. Our methods show threefold improvement over the baseline and generate four times as many good name variants compared to a human while
PEROXIDASE MEDIATED CHEMILUMINESCENCE WITH PHENOL DERIVATIVES. PHYSICO‐CHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND USES IN BIOLOGICAL ASSAYS (1979)

Abstract— The influence of pH and concentration of reagents on the chemiluminescence emitted during peroxidase mediated oxidation of phenol derivatives was studied. Maximal light emission was determined under conditions where chemiluminescence due to auto‐oxidation was negligible. With phloroglucinol and purpurogallin as substrates, a direct proportionality was obtained between the concentration of peroxidase and the maximal light emission. p‐Phenylenediamine enhances 8‐fold the light emitted with purpurogallin. With resorcinol as substrate the relation between concentration of enzyme and maximal light emission gives an S‐shaped curve. With pyrogallol the light emitted is proportional to the square of the concentration of peroxidase.
A monoclonal antibody with specificity for the genus Klebsiella binds to a common epitope located in the core region of Klebsiella lipopolysaccharide (2001)

A mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) which has been obtained after immunization of mice with heat-killed Klebsiella pneumoniae strain R20/O1(-) followed by standard plasmacytoma cell fusion protocols was investigated for its ability to identify various species of the genus Klebsiella. Based on the published observation that the antibody binds to an epitope located in the core region of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of strain R20/O1(-), we tested whether this epitope is shared and exposed by other species of the genus Klebsiella. The antibody was able to bind to LPS of clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae (n = 77), K. oxytoca (n = 50), K. terrigena (n = 49) and K. planticola (n = 50) in 93%, 98%, 96% and 100%, respectively, but did not bind to LPS of other Gram-negative genera (n = 159) as tested by Western blots and dot blots using proteinase K-digested whole cell lysates as antigens. Western blot analyses indicated that the antibody bound only to those LPS molecules which did not carry an O-antigen and that the antibody is thus different from those already published.
Automatic layout generation for mixed analog-digital VLSI neural chips (2002)

A systematic approach to automatic layout generation for the emerging mixed analog-digital VLSI neural systems is described. A macro-cell layout methodology based on a hierarchical floorplanning and placement procedure, a constraint-driven analog module generator, and a priority-based block router have been exclusively developed for neural chip implementation. Special analog VLSI layout constraints are analyzed and properly incorporated into the layout generation on each level of the circuit hierarchy to achieve both high performance and overall area efficiency. The floorplans for single-layer fully-connected Hopfield neural chips and multiple-layer neural chips have been developed. Experimental results on a 16-neuron neural circuit are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Global Learning of Typed Entailment Rules (2011)

Extensive knowledge bases of entailment rules between predicates are crucial for applied semantic inference. In this paper we propose an algorithm that utilizes transitivity constraints to learn a globally-optimal set of entailment rules for typed predicates. We model the task as a graph learning problem and suggest methods that scale the algorithm to larger graphs. We apply the algorithm over a large data set of extracted predicate instances, from which a resource of typed entailment rules has been recently released (Schoenmackers et al., 2010). Our results show that using global transitivity information substantially improves performance over this resource and several baselines, and that our scaling methods allow us to increase the scope of global learning of entailment-rule graphs. 1
An RCS-Like Retinal Dystrophy Phenotype in<i>Mer</i>Knockout Mice (2003)

Ablation of Mer function in mer(kd) mice results in a retinal phenotype almost identical with that of RCS rats. The similarity in phenotypes between the two rodent models suggests that an RPE phagocytic defect is a feature of all types of retinal degeneration caused by loss of function of Mer tyrosine kinase, perhaps including mutations in human MERTK.
Studies on Catalytic Asymmetric Nozaki−Hiyama Propargylation (2004)

Catalytic asymmetric Nozaki-Hiyama propargylation with ligand 1c proceeds with good to excellent enantioselectivity. Tuning of ligand 1 dramatically changes the enantioselectivity, and we propose models A and B to explain the change and outcome of the enantioselectivity.
Asynchronous circuit design - A tutorial (2001)

Asynchronous circuits have characteristics that differ significantly from those of synchronous circuits and, as will be clear from some of the later chapters in this book, it is possible exploit these characteristics to design circuits with very interesting performance parameters in terms of their power, performance, electromagnetic emissions (EMI), etc. Asynchronous design is not yet a well-established and widely-used design methodology.There are textbooks that provide comprehensive coverage of the underlying theories, but the field has not yet matured to a point where there is an established currriculum and university tradition for teaching courses on asynchronous circuit design to electrical engineering and computer engineering students.As this author sees the situation there is a gap between understanding the fundamentals and being able to design useful circuits of some complexity.The aim of Part I of this book is to provide a tutorial on asynchronous circuit design that fills this gap.More specifically the aims are: (i) to introduce readers with background in synchronous digital circuit design to the fundamentals of asynchronous circuit design such that they are able to read and understand the literature, and (ii) to provide readers with an understanding of the "nature" of asynchronous circuits such that they are to design non-trivial circuits with interesting performance parameters.The material is based on experience from the design of several asynchronous chips, and it has evolved over the last decade from tutorials given at a number of European conferences and from a number of special topics courses taught at the Technical University of Denmark and elsewhere.In May 1999 I gave a one-week intensive course at Delft University of Technology and it was when preparing for this course I felt that the material was shaping up, and I set out to write the following text.Most of the material has recently been used and debugged in a course at the Technical University of Denmark in the spring 2001.Supplemented by a few journal articles and a small design project, the text may be used for a one semester course on asynchronous design.
Optimal surgical management of Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer in an increasingly aging population: challenges and recent progress (2007)

Lung cancer remains the main cause of cancer deaths in the USA. The dismal prognosis for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) despite current advances in chemotherapy is disappointing. In an increasingly aging population, computed tomography screening allows the detection of very early Stage I NSCLC lesions. Although many retrospective trials have indicated better prognosis for those undergoing lobectomy versus sublobar resection (anatomical segmentectomy or wedge resection), the issue remains equivocal. This is particularly true for patients with significant comorbid cardiorespiratory disease compromising postoperative recovery. This review will describe landmark retrospective studies related to the topic, in an attempt to highlight the difficulties associated with surgical decision making. Key factors in the characteristics of the lesions will be examined equally with the ultimate objective of allowing the decision of lobectomy versus sublobar resection to be centered around the need of the individual patient per se. This review article will also provide an insight into ongoing randomized, prospective clinical trials on the subject, investigating into some of the emerging technologies from the laboratory and the clinic that will hopefully enable the provision of a solidly acceptable treatment plan for the Stage I NSCLC patient, with maximum survival rates and low disease recurrence.
Multitrait Fine Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Using Combined Linkage Disequilibria and Linkage Analysis (2003)

A novel multitrait fine-mapping method is presented. The method is implemented by a model that treats QTL effects as random variables. The covariance matrix of allelic effects is proportional to the IBD matrix, where each element is the probability that a pair of alleles is identical by descent, given marker information and QTL position. These probabilities are calculated on the basis of similarities of marker haplotypes of individuals of the first generation of genotyped individuals, using "gene dropping" (linkage disequilibrium) and transmission of markers from genotyped parents to genotyped offspring (linkage). A small simulation study based on a granddaughter design was carried out to illustrate that the method provides accurate estimates of QTL position. Results from the simulation also indicate that it is possible to distinguish between a model postulating one pleiotropic QTL affecting two traits vs. one postulating two closely linked loci, each affecting one of the traits.
Security analysis of a cancelable iris recognition system based on block remapping (2011)

Cancelable biometric systems are designed to provide intrinsic protection for biometric templates in case of a database breach. In this paper a security survey of a cancelable iris recognition system is conducted. It uses block permutation and remapping of the iris texture as a strategy for template protection. Two adjunctive scenarios and their impact on the security of the system are examined. First off it is assumed that an attacker got a hold on a single iris template. In the second scenario it is presumed that multiple templates of the same biometric characteristic are available to an attacker. The scenario of a so called ”Coalition Attack”. The test runs conducted suggest that the system does offer some resistance against a template theft but sacrificing overall system performance and usability for it.
Constraints on the Flexibility of Bacteriorhodopsin's Carboxyl-Terminal Tail at the Purple Membrane Surface (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConstraints on the Flexibility of Bacteriorhodopsin's Carboxyl-Terminal Tail at the Purple Membrane SurfaceRobert. RenthalCite this: Biochemistry 1983, 22, 1, 5–12Publication Date (Print):January 4, 1983Publication History Published online12 March 2008Published inissue 4 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00270a601https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00270a601research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simple screening tests for the diagnosis of isolated clotting factor defects. With special reference to 'contact factor' defects. (1975)

Reagents may be prepared from normal plasma and used with the prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time tests to distinguish isolated defects of factors I, II, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, or XII.
Effects of Azo Compounds on the Cetane Number Rating of Diesel Fuels. (1996)

硝酸エステルや有機過酸化物などのセタン価向上剤は熱分解で生成するラジカルがセタン価向上に関与しているこ とが知られており, ラジカル発生剤であるアゾ化合物はセタン価を向上させる効果が期待できる。そこで, アゾ化合 物のセタン価向上効果について検討した。その結果, 検討したすべてのアゾ化合物にセタン価向上効果が認められ た。また, アゾ化合物の炭素鎖や置換基の種類がセタン価向上効果に影響を及ぼすことが分かった。これらは, アゾ 化合物は熱分解によりアルキルタイプのラジカルを生成し, さらにそれから生成する種々のラジカルが燃料の前着火 段階におけるラジカル連鎖反応を促進することによりセタン価を向上するためと考えられる。
Trace gas analysis by diode laser cavity ring-down spectroscopy (2003)

The first commercial analyzer based on cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) was developed to perform fast and reliable analysis of ultra trace gas impurities. The complete analytical system, the MTO-1000, is capable of measuring moisture from 200 parts-per-trillion (PPT) to 5 ppm. Trace moisture test data will be presented to demonstrate the speed of response, sensitivity, and accuracy of the analyzer.