gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photophysical properties of laser dyes: picosecond laser flash photolysis studies of Rhodamine 6G, Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 101 (1993)

The UV–VIS absorptive and emissive properties of three laser dyes, viz. Rhodamine 6G, Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 101, have been studied in ethanolic and methanolic solutions. Time-resolved methods were used to study the decay of the first excited singlet state of each dye. The absorptive properties of the lowest excited singlet states of Rhodamine 6G, Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 101 were generated using picosecond laser pulses. Values for the molar absorption coefficient for the Snâ†� S1 absorption process were measured, for each dye, by both comparative and complete-depletion methods. Values for the S4â†� S1 absorption process, in ethanol, were found to be 3.7 × 104(452 nm), 4.4 × 104(428 nm) and 4.3 × 104(430 nm) dm3 mol–1 cm–1 for Rhodamine 101, Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine B respectively with the corresponding values for the S3â†� S1 absorption process being measured as 7.7 × 104(576 nm), 6.4 × 104(532 nm) and 3.8 × 104(566 nm) dm3 mol–1 cm–1. These results are compared and contrasted with available literature values.
A network flow approach for constellation planning (2022)

A graph-based network flow approach to constellation planning is presented that respects spacecraft resources and mission constraints to arrive at a preliminary operational schedule. The method discretizes task fulfillment opportunity windows into graph nodes and then adds edges based on feasibility of transition between these opportunities, either by slew maneuvers or extended-time task fulfillment during downlink operations. Intelligent graph pruning is applied to improve computation performance and provide a versatile planning capability with a minimal impact on the resulting solution. A network flow formulation allows for a simultaneous search for spacecraft plans using a Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP). The framework enables the definition of appropriate mission constraints to ensure viability and mission efficiency among the constellation of satellites. The planning technique is demonstrated for a mission of 100 satellites to illustrate its capability and performance within this proliferated regime.
On Fiction and Philosophy (2008)

The features of philosophy and fiction are compared in order to analyse the possibility of a role for philosophy in fiction. It is suggested that philosophy makes a key contribution to fiction, by highlighting the ambiguities of human nature described in the written human experiences.
Instant holography (1999)

Instant photography, epitomized by Polaroid films is characterized by the rapid appearance of an image after exposure. We describe here an instant off-axis holographic process, characterized by exposures as short as 5 ns and an instant display process, not requiring any wet chemical processing. The holograms are made in a side-chain azobenzene polyester and can be erased through a thermal treatment of the film enabling the film to be reused. Significantly, an atomic force microscopic scan of the film shows a strong surface relief after the 5 ns exposure paving the way for a cheap, mass replication of the holograms using a micromolding technique.
The Origin of the architectural form embodied in ChongMyo's Main Building in the Early Chosen Dynasty (1999)

In order to reveal the source of the architectural norm embodied in the first built-form of ChongMyo's Main Building, three analytic types were introduced into research. According to the level of accepting the architectural form of ChongMyo in the Koryo Dynasty, these types were defined by 'newly interpreted form', 'newly introduced form', and 'coventionally accepted form'. Among the first built-form in ChongMyo's Main Building, the form of 'TaeSil' was newly interpreted on the basis of the Tang's realating norm, and the form of 'HyupSil' was newly introduced according to the contemporary trend that had increasingly regarded it as an indispensible form. But the form of 'IkSil' had the different source, that is, the architectural form of ChongMyo in the Koryo Dynasty. After reconstructed by the King ChungSun, that form had been sustained without any change until the end of Koryo Dynasty. In result, that form had been accepted conventionally at the first time of building ChongMyo in the ChoSon dynasty.
Resource allocation for primary-site fault-tolerant systems (1993)

Resource allocation for a distributed system employing the primary site approach for fault tolerance is discussed. Two kinds of systems are considered. The first consists of fault-tolerant nodes where each node has many duplicated servers. One server is the primary, which serves user requests, and the rest are backup. The second does not have fault-tolerant nodes. To tolerate node failures, each node uses other nodes as backups. When a node fails, all requests initially allocated to the node are served by one of its backups. To study the resource allocation for such systems, an approximate model for each system is developed. Using these models, efficient allocation algorithms that take into account the failure/repair rates of the system and the fault-tolerant overheads are presented. Using experimental results, it is shown that the algorithms give the optimal or suboptimal allocations. The algorithms, which incur little overhead, can improve the system performance significantly over an intuitive allocation algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fabrication of 2 x 2 crosspoint switches using a sputtered SiO<sub>2</sub> intermixing technique (2000)

We report the fabrication of a 2×2 crosspoint switch, which monolithically integrates passive waveguides and electroabsorption modulators on one chip, using the sputtered SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> technique for quantum-well intermixing. The static performance of the modulators has been tested, and a modulation depth of 25 dB has been obtained at a wavelength of 1.55 μm for an applied bias of 2 V.
Dynamic network composition for beyond 3G networks: a 3GPP viewpoint (2007)

The 3GPP network specification is currently undergoing major updates toward beyond 3G. The evolved 3GPP network will support interworking with multiple including non-3GPP - radio access networks, and support mobility between them. It will furthermore support personal area networks and moving networks. Generally, 3GPP is moving in the direction of an all-IP network. This article gives an overview of current beyond 3G trends in 3GPP, and particularly introduces a new 3GPP study item on network composition. The concept of network composition was developed by the EU project Ambient Networks. Whereas 3GPP until now assumes static networking relations, network composition addresses a dynamic, generic establishment of control-plane interworking between the heterogeneous network types of today, such as 3GPP core networks, non-3GPP operator networks, heterogeneous access networks, and personal area networks
Uniform thin films of poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) prepared by in-situ deposition (2001)

In-situ deposited thin films of the conducting polymer poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) have been prepared on hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and resistivity measurements.
Design and analysis of an integrated targeting system (2002)

This paper presents the design and analysis of integrating global positioning system (GPS), inertial navigation system (INS), and synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The intent of this research is to predict the performance of the proposed targeting system. The analysis presented here is based on a well-tuned, full-order extended Kalman filter. The targeting aspects of the integrated INS, GPS, and SAR are investigated for both "relative" and "absolute" targeting. The simulation results indicate a theoretical possibility of obtaining absolute target position with a CEP of 10 ft.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A 10-bit, 4 mW continuous-time sigma-delta ADC for UMTS in a 0.12 μm CMOS process (2003)

A 10bit-resolution continuous-time single-bit /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ ADC for UMTS is introduced. A power-efficient implementation of a 2/sup nd/-order single-bit modulator is presented: analog non-idealities are compensated at system level, in order to relax the specs of the analog components, reducing power-drain. Clocked at 256 MHz, the 0.12 /spl mu/m CMOS /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ ADC achieve's 60 dB peak SNR over a 2 MHz signal bandwidth, consuming 4mW at 1.2 V supply.
Video Streaming Over 802.11 WLAN with Content-Aware Adaptive Retry (2005)

Robust video streaming over error-prone wireless LANs (WLANs) poses many challenges. In this paper, we propose a timestamp-based content-aware adaptive retry (CAR) mechanism for MPEG video streaming over 802.11 WLANs, where the MAC dynamically determines whether to send or discard a packet based on its retransmission deadline. The retransmission deadline is assigned to each packet according to its temporal relationship and error propagation characteristics with respect to other video packets in the same GOP. The proposed scheme avoids late packets by eliminating the impact of random backoff deference and co-channel interference with proper initial delay introduced at the receiver. Simulation results show CAR significantly improves video quality and saves channel bandwidth.
Viability of Acanthamoeba after exposure to a multipurpose disinfecting contact lens solution and two hydrogen peroxide systems (2002)

Not all of the three tested contact lens storage solutions have sufficient amoebicidal effects. The two step peroxide system Titmus H(2)O(2) is a very effective disinfectant contact lens solution in order to avoid a possible Acanthamoeba infection of the eye.
Feature based person detection beyond the visible spectrum (2009)

One of the main challenges in computer vision is the automatic detection of specific object classes in images. Recent advances of object detection performance in the visible spectrum encourage the application of these approaches to data beyond the visible spectrum. In this paper, we show the applicability of a well known, local-feature based object detector for the case of people detection in thermal data. We adapt the detector to the special conditions of infrared data and show the specifics relevant for feature based object detection. For that, we employ the SURF feature detector and descriptor that is well suited for infrared data. We evaluate the performance of our adapted object detector in the task of person detection in different real-world scenarios where people occur at multiple scales. Finally, we show how this local-feature based detector can be used to recognize specific object parts, i.e., body parts of detected people.
Antibodies against fetal muscle proteins in serum from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1989)

The serum from 30 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 30 controls was tested by immunoblot with protein extracts obtained from fetal muscle, adult muscle, and denervated muscle. Results with adult and denervated muscle confirm previous reports that show a lack of particular reactivity of ALS serum when compared with control serum. However, we found reacting bands 5 times more frequently with ALS than with controls in the immunoblot with protein extract from rat fetal muscle; we confirmed reactivity by immunoperoxidase staining in frozen sections of fetal muscle. Our results point to the possibility of an immune reaction in ALS patients against ephemeral proteins of muscle that are present in large quantities at early stages of muscle differentiation and innervation.
Elastic waves in free anisotropic plates (1973)

The mathematical formalism for obtaining dispersion relations for acoustic waves in plates of arbitrary anisotropy is outlined, and dispersion curves for propagation in a (001)-cut cubic plate are presented. These results are compared to the uncoupled SV and P modes which, in turn, are related to the slowness curves for bulk waves. This approach provides an explanation for the behavior of the computed dispersion curves, and it also provides a means of approximating plate wave dispersion curves from the behavior of the slowness curves. The relationship of plate waves to surface waves is also explored for directions in which pseudosurface waves are known to propagate.
Adding Mobile Users to Your Community (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Be the User, Exercise 1, Exercise 2, Standards, Exercise 3, Keypad Hyperlinks, Exercise 4, Exercise 5: Authentication via Cookies, Exercise 6: Linking to a Phone Number, Exercise 7: Build a Pulse Page, Exercise 8: Design and Build the Mobile Interface to your Community, Exercise 9: Client Signoff, Watch for Opportunities to Push, The Future, More, Time and Motion
[Measurement method research on trace volatile organic compounds in atmosphere]. (2005)

An automated accumulation sampling system and a method of two-step Cryo-Concentrated System combined with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (CCS-GC/MS) are introduced. The method is evaluated by a set of special experiments and the results are demonstrated. The lowest limit volume concentrations of the measurement is expanded from 10 (-6) to 10(-12) using CCS-GC/ MS instead of the normal method of GC/MS and the average response factor of 39 object compounds is 2.9 x 10(-12) x A(-1). When injection volume of air sample reaches 1000 cm3, the lowest limit is 7 x 10(-12) - 40 x 10(-12); CCS-GC/MS may identify all the objective chemical species in the atmosphere samples, with average 2.5s bias of retention time for 39 GC peaks. Within 0 - 400 x 10(-9), the concentration of all the objective compounds can be calculated by standard curve individually (average r2 above 0.99) and accurately. The recollect rate is 88% - 111%, at average of 100.8% +/- 5.6%; and the bias of precision is 2% - 14%, at average of 6.6%.
The correlation between the efllyebt levels of hvaluronic acid of grafts and the cold preservation damage or the survival rate (2000)

Objective:To study the correlation between the effluent levels of hyaluronic acid(HA)of grafts after cold preservation and the grafts function or the survival rate.Methods:In the experiment,23 cases of porcine orthotopic liver transplantation were performed.Before implantation the donor livers were perfused with cold Ringer's lactated solution through purtal vein and the effluent levels of HA were measured.After implantation serum ALT and LDH were measured at the different time (2 hours later,24 hours laster and 72 hours later),and teir peak values were recorded.Results:we divided the experimental animals into two groups according to the effluent levels of HA,which were more or less than 400 μg/L,finding that the serum peak ALT and LDH were not significant different between the two groups,and that 24 hour survival rate and 2 week survival rate were not significant different either.Conclusions:There exited no correlation between the effluent levels of HA and the grafts function or the survival rate.That is to say,the effluent levels of HA could not predict the grafts function and the survival rate. [FK(W1。4]
Transfer of Bovine Demi-Embryos with and without the Zona Pellucida (1987)

Bisected bovine embryos with or without the zona pellucida were transferred to recipients nonsurgically in five field trials. Embryos were collected from superovulated donors 6.5 to 7.5 d after estrus; only embryos of good and excellent quality were bisected. Demi-embryos were transferred either within a zona pellucida, without a zona pellucida, without a zona pellucida, or in the third and fourth trials, without a zona but embedded in 7% gelatin. Pregnancies were diagnosed at 44 to 68 d of gestation. In a preliminary trial, 9/29 zona pellucida-intact demi-embryos developed into fetuses compared with 1/10 zona pellucida-free demi-embryos (P greater than .1). The proportion of zona-free demi-embryos developing to fetuses was not significantly different from the zona-intact group in the second trial either, 24/49 and 5/19, respectively. In trial 3, the proportion of zona pellucida-free demi-embryos developing was 8/25; of zona-enclosed embryos, 29/88; and of zona-free demi-embryos embedded in gelatin, 8/22 (P greater than .1). Similarly, in the fourth trial the rate of development of zona-free demi-embryos to fetuses was 5/12, that of zona-enclosed embryos was 32/81, and that of zona-free demi-embryos embedded in gelatin was 3/12 (P greater than .1). In trial 5, survival of zona-enclosed demi-embryos to fetuses was 40/105, and of zona-free demi-embryos, 46/109 (P greater than .1). Except for trial 2, half of the demi-embryos were twinned, one to each uterine horn; twinning did not significantly affect the proportion developing to fetuses for any of the demi-embryo groups. It is concluded that placing post-compaction demi-embryos into the zona pellucida for transfer does not improve pregnancy rates significantly.
Gas chemistry in nuclear reactors (1980)

Any operation aimed at optimising gas chemistry to control deposition and oxidation of carbon in nuclear and other industrial plant is to be welcomed – not only because of the contributions it will make to the industrial process itself but also because of the resultant conservation of fossil fuels and increased efficiency of hydrocarbon usage. The British Nuclear Energy Society, with the support of the Society of Chemical Industry and the Carbon and Graphite Groups of the Chemical Society and The Institute of Physics, recently sponsored a meeting on gas chemistry in nuclear reactors and large industrial plant.
ChemInform Abstract: THE USE OF DITHIOESTERS AS ACYL ANION EQUIVALENTS. DOUBLE HOMOLOGATION OF THE “C‐H2C‐:O” SYNTHON (1979)

Abstract Dithioester (I) reagieren mit Ethylgrignardverbindung und elektrophilen Reagentien zu Addukten (IV), die mit HgCl 2 zu den freien Carbonylverbindungen (V) verseift werden.
Where2Act: From Pixels to Actions for Articulated 3D Objects (2021)

One of the fundamental goals of visual perception is to allow agents to meaningfully interact with their environment. In this paper, we take a step towards that long-term goal – we extract highly localized actionable information related to elementary actions such as pushing or pulling for articulated objects with movable parts. For example, given a drawer, our network predicts that applying a pulling force on the handle opens the drawer. We propose, discuss, and evaluate novel network architectures that given image and depth data, predict the set of actions possible at each pixel, and the regions over articulated parts that are likely to move under the force. We propose a learning-from-interaction framework with an online data sampling strategy that allows us to train the network in simulation (SAPIEN) and generalizes across categories. Check the website for code and data release.
An Anatomic Study of the Lumbar Plexus with Respect to Retroperitoneal Endoscopic Surgery (2003)

The safety zone, excluding the genitofemoral nerve, is at L4-L5 and above.
Tactile sensor arrays·the other option (1983)

Tactile array sensor systems have a number of capabilities which make them very applicable to industrial robot systems. Work on their development and the interpretation of the sensor data applicable to flexible assembly automation systems is now being carried out in a SERC collaborative project between Sussex University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Thorn EMI Central Research Laboratories.
A Compartmentalized Device for the Culture of Animal Cells (1989)

A simply-constructed device for the batch culture of animal cells is described that takes advantage of gas-permeable polymer films and continuous dialysis of nutrient fluids. The design separates a cell-growth chamber from a nutrient-medium reservoir with a dialysis membrane, effectively compartmentalizing growth and feeding functions. Resulting culture environment is extraordinarily stable since frequent medium exchanges are not required and macromolecules biosynthesized by cells are retained within the cell-growth compartment. Culture experiments with a variety of mammalian cells (epithelioid, fibroblastic, hybridoma, primary murine) are described that demonstrate unattended culture for up to 30 days. Immunoglobulin (IgG) secreted by cultured hybridoma cells concentrated in the growth compartment more than 25-fold over levels attained at confluence in conventional flasks. Applications for the device in various areas using animal cell culture and potential advantages in scale are discussed.
Hem-o-Lok<sup>®</sup> clip eroding into the urethra following laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: A case report and review of literature (2010)

Hem-o-loc clips have been used for vascular control in laparoscopic surgery. We describe a case presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Evaluation revealed migrated hem-o-loc clips causing obstruction and symptoms in bladder neck region. Clip removal with endoscopy relieved the symptoms. Diagnosis warrants high index of suspicion as clips are radiolucent and other more common differential diagnosis like bladder neck contracture may have similar presentation. For the prevention, loose clips should be actively searched for and retrieved from abdomen and clip application near proposed anastomotic site should be avoided.
Hormonal Control of Enzyme Synthesis: On the Mode of Action of Gibberellic Acid and Abscisin in Aleurone Layers of Barley (1967)

Gibberellic acid (GA) enhances the synthesis of alpha-amylase and ribonuclease in isolated aleurone layers and this process is inhibited by abscisin. Removal of gibberellic acid in mid-course of alpha-amylase production results in a slowing down of alpha-amylase synthesis, suggesting a continued requirement of GA for enzyme synthesis. This is paralleled by a continuous requirement for RNA synthesis. Addition of 6-methylpurine or 8-azaguanine in mid-course results in an inhibition of alpha-amylase synthesis within 3 to 4 hours. However, actinomycin D added in mid-course is almost without effect. This is not due to its failure to enter the cells, because it does inhibit (14)C-uridine incorporation at this stage. Addition of abscisin to aleurone layers which are synthesizing alpha-amylase results in an inhibition of this synthesis within 2 to 3 hours. Cycloheximide on the other hand inhibits enzyme synthesis immediately upon its addition. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the expression of the GA effect requires the synthesis of enzyme-specific RNA molecules. The similarity in the kinetics of inhibition between abscisin on the one hand and 8-azaguanine or 6-methylpurine on the other suggests that abscisin may exert its action by inhibiting the synthesis of these enzyme-specific RNA molecules or by preventing their incorporation into an active enzyme-synthesising unit.
The anatomy and physiology of the bovine respiratory system relating to pulmonary disease. (1978)

Bovine respiratory anatomy and physiology were reviewed and considered in relationship to the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease. Factors which may predispose cattle to respiratory disease included a small physiological gaseous exchange capacity, greater basal ventilatory activity, and greater anatomical compartmentalization of the lung as compared with other mammals, a low level and atypical bioactivity of bovine lysozyme, and low numbers of macrophages within the alveolar lumen.