gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF DOMESTIC INCINERATOR ASH FOR USE AS AGGREGATE IN ASPHALT CONCRETE (1993)

The potential use of incinerator ash in asphalt concrete paving was evaluated. Laboratory tests were conducted on ash from a waste-to-energy incinerator. Tests were conducted to assess whether asphalt concrete mix with ash was suitable both in terms of physical performance and environmental safety. It was determined that a mix with acceptable parameters on the Marshall tests could be produced with an aggregate consisting of up to 32% incinerator ash. This mix requires a higher asphalt content than a normal mix and appears to be prone to stripping. The results of the toxicity tests on the leachate were inconclusive; however, they suggest that there might be a problem since a significant amount of lead was detected in the leachate. It was concluded that an asphalt concrete mix with ash might be suitable for use in base course or for low-quality surface applications. However, a significant quantity of undesirable material must first be removed to get an aggregate of acceptable quality. Only about one-third of the material in the bottom ash is suitable for use in an asphalt concrete mix.
Differential Body Effect Analysis and Optimization of the LArge Tilt Implanted Sloped Shallow Trench Isolation Process (LATI-STI) (1996)

The optimization of a LArge Tilt Implanted Sloped shallow Trench Isolation (LATI-STI) process for Non Volatile Memories is presented. The process uses 70° sloped and large tilt angle (up to 55°) implanted trench sidewalls, combined with a single step Chemical-Mechanical Polishing (CMP) planarization. A new method, so-called differential body effect method, enables very accurate and statistical electrical analysis of the subthreshold humped transistors characteristics under strong body bias ( V B ) values: compared to a 90° sloped trenches case larger process margins are obtained with the LATI-STI scheme. 15 V holding isolation is demonstrated for 0.45 µ m finished spacings between diffusions.
Targeting a Novel Plasmodium falciparum Purine Recycling Pathway with Specific Immucillins (2004)

Plasmodium falciparum is unable to synthesize purine bases and relies upon purine salvage and purine recycling to meet its purine needs. We report that purines formed as products of polyamine synthesis are recycled in a novel pathway in which 5'-methylthioinosine is generated by adenosine deaminase. The action of P. falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase is a convergent step of purine salvage, converting both 5'-methylthioinosine and inosine to hypoxanthine. We used accelerator mass spectrometry to verify that 5'-methylthioinosine is an active nucleic acid precursor in P. falciparum. Prior studies have shown that inhibitors of purine salvage enzymes kill malaria, but potent malaria-specific inhibitors of these enzymes have not been described previously. 5'-Methylthio-immucillin-H, a transition state analogue inhibitor that is selective for malarial relative to human purine nucleoside phosphorylase, kills P. falciparum in culture. Immucillins are currently in clinical trials for other indications and may also have application as anti-malarials.
Directed evolution of amidase in Methylophilus methylotrophus; purification and properties of amidases from wild-type and mutant strains (1991)

The obligately methylotrophic bacterium Methylophilus methylotrophus hydrolyses acetamide and acrylamide using a cytoplasmic amidase. In previous work, continuous culture was used to isolate spontaneous mutants which overexpressed either the wild-type amidase (strain MM6) or a mutant amidase with an apparently higher K cat (strain MM8). We now report that NTG mutagenesis of strain MM8 followed by acrylamide-limited growth at low dilution rate ( D 0·025 h -1 ; 37 °C) led to the selection of a strain which continued to overexpress the amidase, but which exhibited an unexpectedly low amidase activity and a greatly decreased K m for acrylamide (strain MM15). Amidases from the wild-type and mutant strains were purified and shown to be homotetramers (subunit M r 38000, pI 4·1). The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the wild-type enzyme was 90% homologous with the aliphatic amidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Southern blotting using an oligonucleotide probe for this region showed that overexpression of the enzyme in the mutant strains was not due to gene amplification. Compared with the wild-type and MM6 enzymes, the MM8 enzyme exhibited a threefold higher K m and a slightly lower K m for acrylamide, whereas the MM15 enzyme exhibited a similar K cat and an eightfold lower K m for acrylamide. The MM15 enzyme also reacted more extensively with the thiol group reagent DTNB, had a significantly lower sedimentation coefficient and exhibited a more relaxed substrate specificity, all of which were compatible with a looser tetrameric structure. It was also much more susceptible than the other three enzymes to inactivation by high temperature or by freezing and thawing (MM15»MM8>MM6/wild-type), both of which variably dissociated the enzyme into inactive dimers and monomers. The amidase activity of strain MM15 was almost 15-fold higher following growth at 25 °C than at 37 °C, since at this lower temperature the enzyme exhibited a similar K cat to the MM8 enzyme and was not significantly dissociated. However, as strain MM15 readily outgrew the organism from which it was derived (strain MM8) during acrylamide-limited continuous culture at 37 °C, it is clear that under these conditions a low K m was a greater selective advantage than a high K cat .
Optimal control modification adaptive law for time-scale separated systems (2010)

Recently a new optimal control modification has been introduced that can achieve robust adaptation with a large adaptive gain without incurring high-frequency oscillations as with the standard model-reference adaptive control. This modification is based on an optimal control formulation to minimize the ℒ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> norm of the tracking error. The optimal control modification adaptive law results in a stable adaptation in the presence of a large adaptive gain. This study examines the optimal control modification adaptive law in the context of a system with a time scale separation resulting from a fast plant with a slow actuator. A singular perturbation analysis is performed to derive a modification to the adaptive law by transforming the original system into a reduced-order system in slow time. A model matching conditions in the transformed time coordinate results in an increase in the actuator command that effectively compensate for the slow actuator dynamics. Simulations demonstrate effectiveness of the method.
Change in Knee Cartilage T2 at MR Imaging after Running: A Feasibility Study (2005)

All participants provided informed consent to participate in this study, which was approved by the institutional review board of Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. The purpose of the study was to determine the feasibility of cartilage T2 mapping in the evaluation of response of femoral and tibial cartilage to running exercise. Quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) T2 maps of weight-bearing femoral and tibial articular cartilage were obtained in seven young healthy men before and immediately after 30 minutes of running by using a 3.0-T MR imager. There was no statistically significant change in T2 profiles of tibial cartilage. There was a statistically significant decrease in T2 of the superficial 40% of weight-bearing femoral cartilage after exercise. These in vivo observations agree well with published ex vivo results and support the hypothesis that cartilage compression results in greater anisotropy of superficial collagen fibers.
Mutations in a P-Type ATPase Gene Cause Axonal Degeneration (2012)

Neuronal loss and axonal degeneration are important pathological features of many neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular mechanisms underlying the majority of axonal degeneration conditions remain unknown. To better understand axonal degeneration, we studied a mouse mutant wabbler-lethal (wl). Wabbler-lethal (wl) mutant mice develop progressive ataxia with pronounced neurodegeneration in the central and peripheral nervous system. Previous studies have led to a debate as to whether myelinopathy or axonopathy is the primary cause of neurodegeneration observed in wl mice. Here we provide clear evidence that wabbler-lethal mutants develop an axonopathy, and that this axonopathy is modulated by Wld(s) and Bax mutations. In addition, we have identified the gene harboring the disease-causing mutations as Atp8a2. We studied three wl alleles and found that all result from mutations in the Atp8a2 gene. Our analysis shows that ATP8A2 possesses phosphatidylserine translocase activity and is involved in localization of phosphatidylserine to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Atp8a2 is widely expressed in the brain, spinal cord, and retina. We assessed two of the mutant alleles of Atp8a2 and found they are both nonfunctional for the phosphatidylserine translocase activity. Thus, our data demonstrate for the first time that mutation of a mammalian phosphatidylserine translocase causes axon degeneration and neurodegenerative disease.
Adaptive indexing in modern database kernels (2012)

Physical design represents one of the hardest problems for database management systems. Without proper tuning, systems cannot achieve good performance. Offline indexing creates indexes a priori assuming good workload knowledge and idle time. More recently, online indexing monitors the workload trends and creates or drops indexes online. Adaptive indexing takes another step towards completely automating the tuning process of a database system, by enabling incremental and partial online indexing. The main idea is that physical design changes continuously, adaptively, partially, incrementally and on demand while processing queries as part of the execution operators. As such it brings a plethora of opportunities for rethinking and improving every single corner of database system design.
60-W average power in 810-fs pulses from a thin-disk Yb:YAG laser (2003)

We demonstrate a passively mode-locked diode-pumped thin-disk Yb:YAG laser generating 810-fs pulses at 1030 nm with as much as 60 W of average output power (without using an amplifier). At a pulse repetition rate of 34.3 MHz, the pulse energy is 1.75 microJ and the peak power is as high as 1.9 MW. The beam quality is close to the diffraction limit, with M2 < 1.1.
Fast parallel CRC &amp; DBI calculation for high-speed memories: GDDR5 and DDR4 (2011)

In this paper, a new XOR gate and architecture for parallel calculation of CRC and DBI are proposed. With this proposal, speed constraints in high-speed DRAMs such as GDDR5 and DDR4 SDRAM are relaxed. This helps minimize the latency increase and hence the effective bandwidth loss from CRC and DBI functions.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Bromine Addition to Derivatives of Unsaturated Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids in Aqueous Solution (1984)

Abstract This paper deals with the kinetics of bromine addition to unsaturated compounds in presence of added bromide ions at 22, 30, 38, 46, and 54 °C. The substrates used were acrylamide (AAm), methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA), t-butyl acrylate (tBA), methacrylamide (MAAm), methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA), methyl crotonate (MC), and ethyl crotonate (EC). The kinetics was followed potentiometrically. The activation parameters (ΔH\eweq, ΔS\eweq, and ΔG\eweq) were calculated and compared. Estimation of product ratio of bromohydrin to dibromide showed the absence of any correlation of the product formation with reactivity of the substrates. The observed parameters are discussed in relation to the proposed reaction mechanisms.
Statistical optimization of octree searches (2008)

Abstract This work emerged from the following observation: usual search procedures for octrees start from the root to retrieve the data stored at the leaves. But as the leaves are the farthest nodes to the root, why start from the root? With usual octree representations, there is no other way to access a leaf. However, hashed octrees allow direct access to any node, given its position in space and its depth in the octree. Search procedures take the position as an input, but the depth remains unknown. This work proposes to estimate the depth of an arbitrary node through a statistical optimization of the average cost of search procedures. As the highest costs of these algorithms are obtained when starting from the root, this method improves on both the memory footprint by the use of hashed octrees, and execution time through the proposed optimization.
A scanning device for multispectral imaging of paintings (2006)

We present a scanning device for 32-band multi-spectral imaging of paintings in the 380÷800 nm spectral region. The system is based on contact-less and single-point measurement of the spectral reflectance factor. Multi-spectral images are obtained by scanning the painted surface under investigation. An adjustment procedure was established and calibration was performed by means of a set of seven matt ceramic color tiles certified by National Physical Laboratory (UK). Colorimetric calculations were carried out in the XYZ colorimetric space, by following the CIE recommendations and choosing the D65 standard illuminant and the 1931 standard observer. Measurement campaigns were carried out on several paintings <i>in situ </i>and at the INOA Optical Metrology Laboratory located inside the Opificio delle Pietre Dure in Florence. As an example we report herein on the measurements carried out on the <i>Madonna in gloria tra Santi </i>by Andrea Mantegna, (at present in the Pinacoteque of the Castello Sforzesco in Milan). Multivariate image analyses (MIA) were performed by considering the multi-spectral images as three-way data set. The stack of detected images were unfolded in a 2D data matrix and analyzed by the conventional Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
Surgical treatment of the osteoporotic spine with bone cement-injectable cannulated pedicle screw fixation: technical description and preliminary application in 43 patients (2015)

The described polymethylmethacrylate augmentation technique using bone cement-injectable cannulated pedicle screws can reduce pain and improve spinal dysfunction in osteoporotic patients undergoing osteoporotic spine surgery.
IDENTIFYING MECHANISMS BEHIND POLICY INTERVENTIONS VIA CAUSAL MEDIATION ANALYSIS (2015)

Causal analysis in program evaluation has primarily focused on the question about whether or not a program, or package of policies, has an impact on the targeted outcome of interest. However, it is often of scientific and practical importance to also explain why such impacts occur. In this paper, we introduce causal mediation analysis, a statistical framework for analyzing causal mechanisms that has become increasingly popular in social and medical sciences in recent years. The framework enables us to show exactly what assumptions are sufficient for identifying causal mediation effects for the mechanisms of interest, derive a general algorithm for estimating such mechanism‐specific effects, and formulate a sensitivity analysis for the violation of those identification assumptions. We also discuss an extension of the framework to analyze causal mechanisms in the presence of treatment noncompliance, a common problem in randomized evaluation studies. The methods are illustrated via applications to two intervention studies on pre‐school classes and job‐training workshops.
Optical tweezers computational toolbox (2007)

We describe a toolbox, implemented in Matlab, for the computational modelling of optical tweezers. The toolbox is designed for the calculation of optical forces and torques, and can be used for both spherical and nonspherical particles, in both Gaussian and other beams. The toolbox might also be useful for light scattering using either Lorenz–Mie theory or the T-matrix method.
Interferon-α Induced Thyroid Dysfunction: Three Clinical Presentations and a Review of the Literature (1997)

Three patients who developed symptomatic, autoimmune-mediated thyroid dysfunction during treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) for chronic active hepatitis C with liver cirrhosis, age-related macular degeneration with foveal involvement, and chronic myelogenous leukemia, respectively, are described. The first two patients developed autoimmune hypothyroidism that required thyroxine replacement, and the third developed autoimmune thyroiditis with transient thyrotoxicosis. The clinical manifestations were protean, and required a high index of suspicion for diagnosis, the failure of which led to significant morbidity. A literature review revealed that the mean incidence of IFN-alpha induced thyroid dysfunction was 6%. Spontaneous resolution occurred in more than half with discontinuation of IFN-alpha treatment. Hypothyroidism was induced more frequently than hyperthyroidism. At least one positive thyroid autoantibody titer was found in 17% of patients receiving IFN-alpha. Risk factors for developing thyroid dysfunction with IFN-alpha treatment were female sex, underlying malignancy or hepatitis C, higher doses of IFN-alpha for longer durations, combination immunotherapy (especially with interleukin-2), and the presence of thyroid autoantibodies prior to or during treatment.
Human aspects of interactive multimedia communication (1990)

Abstract The aim of the VISION project was to determine the value added to an office system by incorporating audio and video. The performance, feelings and perceptions of work groups were measured while they carried out cooperative tasks in a controlled environment using an experimental video communication system. The results showed no significant differences in the quality of the output, or the time taken to complete the tasks, under three conditions: data sharing; data sharing plus audio; data sharing plus audio and video. The results suggest that high bandwidth communication is particularly effective for social, informal communication. Finally, some of the implications and issues for HCI community are discussed.
Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Modeling Applied to Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces in Light-Emitting Devices (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Modeling Applied to Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces in Light-Emitting DevicesThomas Kugler, Mikael Lögdlund, and William R. SalaneckView Author Information Department of Physics, IFM Linköping University, S-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 3, 225–234Publication Date (Web):January 29, 1999Publication History Received12 May 1998Published online29 January 1999Published inissue 1 March 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar980041ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ar980041oresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views403Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Binding energy,Calcium,Electrical energy,Electronic structure,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Lithium Derivatives of Novel Monoanionic Di-<i>N,N</i>‘-chelating Pyridyl- and Quinolyl-1-azaallyl Ligands (1997)

The novel lithium complexes [Li{N(SiMe3)C(R2)C(R1)(C5H4N-2)}]2 (R1 = H, R2 = But (1b); R1 = SiMe3, R2 = Ph (1c)) were prepared from the insertion of R2CN into [Li{C(SiMe3)(R1)(C5H4N-2)}]2. Similarly, Li{N(SiMe3)C(Ph)C(R)(C9H6N-2)} (R = H or SiMe3) was prepared from PhCN and Li{C(SiMe3)(R)(C9H6N-2)}. X-ray data are provided for 1b, 1c, and [Li{N(SiMe3)C(Ph)C(SiMe3)(C5H4N-2)}(Et2O)(PhCN)] (1c‘). Compounds 1b and 1c are dimers in the solid state, whereas 1c‘ is monomeric.
A robust modified model predictive control (MMPC) based on Lyapunov function for three-phase active-front-end (AFE) rectifier (2016)

This paper proposes a robust modified model predictive control (MMPC) algorithm based on Lyapunov function for a three-phase active-front-end (AFE) rectifier in order to improve the system performance as well as ensure the stability, robustness, and fast dynamic response. The proposed control technique utilizes the discrete behavior of the converter considering the unavoidable quantization errors between the controller and the control actions selected from the finite control set of the AFE rectifier. The proposed MMPC method increases the dynamic response by avoiding the calculation of future current for every switching states. Moreover, the nonlinear system stability of the proposed MMPC technique is ensured by a 2.5 kW experimental system and the direct Lyapunov method. Detailed robustness analysis with experimental parameter variations are provided to show the efficacy of the proposed Lyapunov function based MMPC technique.
Further Characterization and Species Specificity of Leukocytic Endogenous Mediator (LEM)1 (1972)

A degree of cross species susceptibility was observed on the effects of leukocytic endogenous mediator (LEM) on serum zinc depression and amino acid flux. LEM was shown to be protein in nature, and relatively stable under a wider range of pH and conditions of storage. Although LEM shares several chemical and physical characteristics with endogenous pyrogen (EP), some differences between the chemical properties and species specificity of these two mediators were noted.
BluetunA (2007)

BluetunA is an application running on Bluetooth-enabled mobile phones that allows users to share information about their favourite music. With BluetunA people can select a list of favourite artists or songs and see who else in proximity share their taste in music, or they can search whom nearby has selected specific artists, and check out what other preferences in terms of music these people have. Moreover, BluetunA users can exchange messages with each other over Bluetooth, connect to the Internet to download their profile and obtain music recommendations from Last. fm website. To enrich this experience, people can interact with each other through their mobile phones while sitting in cafes by accessing the BluetunA hotspots and a wider range of music sharing options.
All-optical reservoir computer based on saturation of absorption (2014)

Reservoir computing is a new bio-inspired computation paradigm. It exploits a dynamical system driven by a time-dependent input to carry out computation. For efficient information processing, only a few parameters of the reservoir needs to be tuned, which makes it a promising framework for hardware implementation. Recently, electronic, opto-electronic and all-optical experimental reservoir computers were reported. In those implementations, the nonlinear response of the reservoir is provided by active devices such as optoelectronic modulators or optical amplifiers. By contrast, we propose here the first reservoir computer based on a fully passive nonlinearity, namely the saturable absorption of a semiconductor mirror. Our experimental setup constitutes an important step towards the development of ultrafast low-consumption analog computers.