gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of species of Cupressaceae to crown gall as determined by artificial inoculation (1939)

The natural occurrence of crown gall on conifers has be^n reported, by Persons (2) ^ and by Barrus, Boyd, and Wood ^bn Junipenis sabina; by Brown and Evans (1) on Cupressus arizonica; hj Smith (5) on Libocedrus decurrens; by Metcalf,^ who observed large galls at and below the ground level on a street tree of Araucaria bidwillii; and by Rounds/ who found a gall 10 inches in diameter on Araucaria excelsa. Crown gall has been artificially produced on Sequoia gigantea and S, sempervirens {3), on Araucaria bidwillii (4), Libocedrus decurrens {5)f Cupressus spp. (7), and on Taxus baccata var. erecta (6), The results of artificial inoculations on species of Cupressaceae with Bacterium tumefaciens Smith and Townsend {Phytomonas turnefaciens (Smith and Town.) Bergey et al.) are reported in this paperThe cultures of the organism used in the inoculations were isolated from Prunus persica^ Libocedrus decurrens, and Salix sp.
Catalyzed Direct Reactions of Silicon (1993)

Commercial production of silanes by the direct synthesis, B. Kanner and K.M. Lewis production of silicon for the methyl chloride direct synthesis, J.H. Downing et al quality criteria for silicon used for organo-silicon industry, H.M. Rong et al some considerations of the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes, W.F. Banholzer et al selection of copper formate catalysts for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes, K.M. Lewis et al catalyst preparation for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes - practical, theoretical, and reactor design considerations, L.K. Doraiswamy and A.N. Gokarn kinetics of the methyl chloride-silicon direct reaction, I.R. Moore and J.A. Nelson gas chromatographic analysis of methylchlorosilanes produced by the direct reaction, L.G. Hawkins gas chromatographic analysis in the manufacture of chlorosilanes, H. Rotzsche et al in-line Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of methylchlorosilanes produced by the direct reaction, H.B. Friedrich et al copper-catalyzed etching of silicon, J.A. Mucha et al model reaction studies of the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes, K.A. Magrini et al selective formation of dimethylchlorosilane on Si surfaces, K.A. Magrini and J.L. Falconer effects of promoters on the catalytic synthesis of methylchlorosilanes, L.D. Gasper-Galvin et al chemisorption and catalytic activity of Cu and Ag atoms on Si(111) surfaces, S.H. Chou et al surface-chemical studies of the mechanism of the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes, K.M. Lewis et al direct synthesis of chlorosilanes and silane, W.C. Breneman by-products from waste treatment for a bench scale trichlorosilane/tetrachlorosilane direct process, J.A. Cervantes et al mathematical modelling of diffusion and microkinetics in direct reactions of silicon and in the processing of electronic components, S.S.E.H. Elnashaie copper-catalyzed reaction of dimethylamine with silicon, K.M. Lewis et al author index subject index.
Characterisation of Jack fruit lectin. (2000)

Jack fruit (Artocarpus Heterophyllus) seed extract contains a lectin termed Jack fruit lectin (JFL) which possesses diversed biological properties. A detailed analysis of its properties has been lacking. The present investigation was initiated to study the detail properties of JFL. After extraction and purification on affigel galactosamine-agarose column, JFL was subjected to ND-PAGE. Several different charged species from ND-PAGE upon SDS-PAGE gave rise to two dissimilar trimeric subunit at 12.5 and 15.0 KDa and retain biological activity. It was possible to elute the subunit bands separately from polyacrylamide gel to investigate their biological activity. Each subunit was found to be retained the lectin activity. Agglutinating activity of smaller subunit was found to be more, may be due to the greater amount of the subunit. This also suggests that each unit of trimeric JFL have similar lectin activity.
Rationally Designed Inhibitors of Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase (1997)

Functionalized 2-alkyl derivatives of inosinic acid have been synthesized to serve as reversible as well as irreversible inhibitors of the human type II enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. These compounds were designed to react with Cys-331 of the enzyme to form covalent bonds so as to interfere with the normal enzyme mechanism which involves attack of Cys-331 at C-2 of the substrate. Mass spectrometric analysis of the reaction products after enzymatic degradation confirmed the appropriateness of the inhibitor design.
Evidence of guided resonances in photonic quasicrystal slabs (2011)

We report on the experimental evidence of Fano-type guided resonances (GRs) in aperiodically-ordered photonic quasicrystal slabs. With specific reference to the Ammann-Beenker (8-fold symmetric, quasiperiodic) octagonal tiling geometry, we present our experimental results on silicon-on-insulator devices operating at near-infrared wavelengths, and compare them with the full-wave numerical predictions based on periodic approximants. Our results indicate that spatial periodicity is not strictly required for the GR excitation, and may be effectively surrogated by weaker forms of long-range aperiodic order which intrinsically provide extra degrees of freedom (e.g., higher-order rotational symmetries, richer defect states and phase-matching conditions, etc.) to be exploited in the design and performance optimization of nanostructured dielectric slabs operating in the out-of-plane configuration. The essential spectral features may be qualitatively understood in terms of phase-matching conditions derived from approximate homogenized models, and turn out to be effectively captured by full-wave modeling based on suitably-sized periodic approximants.
Staple Fiber Replacing Wool and Cotton in Japan (1938)

Other| January 19 1938 Staple Fiber Replacing Wool and Cotton in Japan M. S. F. M. S. F. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1938) 7 (2): 23–24. https://doi.org/10.2307/3021252 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. S. F.; Staple Fiber Replacing Wool and Cotton in Japan. Far Eastern Survey 19 January 1938; 7 (2): 23–24. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3021252 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Feeding Heat-Treated Full Fat Soybeans to Cows in Early Lactation (1991)

Forty-six multiparous Holstein cows were fed one of three total mixed diets from 15 to 119 d postpartum with alfalfa silage as the only forage. Each diet contained 50% forage and 50% concentrate on a DM basis. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous by replacing corn and solvent soybean meal with raw soybeans or heat-treated soybeans. The proportion of protein supplement in the diet on a DM basis was 10% soybean meal, 13% raw soybeans, or 13% heat-treated soybeans. The soybeans were heat-treated to maximize the amount of available lysine passing to the small intestine. The soybean meal diet was fed to all cows during wk 1 and 2 postpartum for covariate adjustment of DMI and milk production. Intake of DM was similar across treatments. Feeding heat-treated soybeans supported more milk (4.5 kg/d), 3.5% FCM (4.0 kg/d), and milk protein (.09 kg/d) than soybean meal or raw soybeans. Milk fat percentage was not altered by treatments. However, milk protein percentage was depressed in cows fed heat-treated soybeans compared with soybean meal (2.85 vs. 2.99%, respectively). Milk production response of cows fed properly heat-treated soybeans compared with soybean meal with alfalfa silage as the sole forage is thought to be related primarily to improved supply of undegraded intake protein.
ChemInform Abstract: Atomic Absorption, Atomic Emission, and Flame Emission Spectrometry (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
One-Pot Process of Preparing Long Chain Branched Polypropylene Using <i>C</i><sub>2</sub>-Symmetric Metallocene Complex and a “T” Reagent (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTOne-Pot Process of Preparing Long Chain Branched Polypropylene Using C2-Symmetric Metallocene Complex and a "T" ReagentJ. Langston, J. Y. Dong, and T. C. ChungView Author Information Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Cite this: Macromolecules 2005, 38, 14, 5849–5853Publication Date (Web):June 17, 2005Publication History Received2 April 2005Revised27 May 2005Published online17 June 2005Published inissue 1 July 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0506841https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0506841rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views666Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Molecular structure,Polymers,Reagents,Thermoresponsive polymers,Transfer reactions Get e-Alerts
Inactivation of mevalonate 5-diphosphate decarboxylase by phosphorothioate analogues of ATP. (1988)

Mevalonate 5-diphosphate decarboxylase is inactivated by several nucleoside phosphorothioates and the order of effectiveness as inactivators is: (Rp) ATP beta S greater than (Sp) ATP beta S approximately equal to ADP beta S approximately equal to AMPS greater than ATP gamma S. Mevalonate 5-diphosphate protects the enzyme against inactivation and, to a lower extent, so does ATP. As dithiothreitol prevents the enzyme inactivation, these results are interpreted as being the consequence of the interaction of the above mentioned analogues with functional thiol groups of the enzyme.
What is the future for watermarking? (Part II) (2003)

We focus on the emerging, nonsecurity-oriented applications of digital watermarking and data hiding in general. Then we consider a more technical topic, i.e., we compare, at a very general level, the two most important approaches to the watermarking problem proposed so far, namely, spread spectrum (SS) and quantization index modulation (QIM) random-binning-like watermarking. A rebuttal to the article by C. Herley, "Why watermarking is nonsense" (IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 10-11, Sept. 2002), is also presented with the intention of starting a discussion open to all the readers, on the controversial points raised by that article.
The Rapamycin-binding Domain of the Protein Kinase Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Is a Destabilizing Domain (2007)

Rapamycin is an immunosuppressive drug that binds simultaneously to the 12-kDa FK506- and rapamycin-binding protein (FKBP12, or FKBP) and the FKBP-rapamycin binding (FRB) domain of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase. The resulting ternary complex has been used to conditionally perturb protein function, and one such method involves perturbation of a protein of interest through its mislocalization. We synthesized two rapamycin derivatives that possess large substituents at the C-16 position within the FRB-binding interface, and these derivatives were screened against a library of FRB mutants using a three-hybrid assay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Several FRB mutants responded to one of the rapamycin derivatives, and twenty of these mutants were further characterized in mammalian cells. The mutants most responsive to the ligand were fused to yellow fluorescent protein, and fluorescence levels in the presence and absence of the ligand were measured to determine stability of the fusion proteins. Wild-type and mutant FRB domains were expressed at low levels in the absence of the rapamycin derivative, and expression levels rose up to 10-fold upon treatment with ligand. The synthetic rapamycin derivatives were further analyzed using quantitative mass spectrometry, and one of the compounds was found to contain contaminating rapamycin. Furthermore, uncontaminated analogs retained the ability to inhibit mTOR, although with diminished potency relative to rapamycin. The ligand-dependent stability displayed by wild-type FRB and FRB mutants as well as the inhibitory potential and purity of the rapamycin derivatives should be considered as potentially confounding experimental variables when using these systems.
Human Monocyte–Endothelial Cell Interaction Induces Synthesis of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (1996)

The present results indicate that GM-CSF is produced by direct interaction between monocytes and ECs and suggest that GM-CSF produced locally by monocyte-EC adhesive interaction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inflammation by modulating monocyte/macrophage functions in vivo.
An Evaluation of Patient Safety Event Report Categories Using Unsupervised Topic Modeling (2015)

The topic modeling approach provides a method to identify topics or themes that may not be immediately apparent and has the potential to allow for automatic reclassification of events that are ambiguously classified by the event re- porter.
Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase As Related to Ethylene in the Development of Chilling Symptoms during Cold Storage of Citrus Fruits (2001)

Low-temperature, nonfreezing, storage induces pitting and necrosis in the flavedo tissue of chilling susceptible citrus fruits. In this study the role of ethylene and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5) in the cold-induced citrus peel damage has been investigated. It has been shown that increasing PAL activity by applying ethylene at a nonchilling temperature did not cause fruit damage or reduce the incidence of this peel disorder when fruits were subsequently held at a chilling temperature (2 degrees C). The cold-induced peel damage was enhanced by applying inhibitors of PAL activity and ethylene synthesis and action. These results indicate that the induction of PAL and ethylene during fruit cold storage, but not before, plays a role in reducing the development of chilling symptoms. The cold-induced PAL activity was reduced by inhibitors of ethylene production, but inhibitors of ethylene action exerted little effect on the activation of this enzyme. Therefore, the activation of PAL may be dependent on ethylene but also an independent cold signal apparently related to the cold-induced peel damage.
Defects of lipoprotein metabolism in familial combined hyperlipidaemia (1998)

Familial combined hyperlipidaemia is the most common inherited hyperlipidaemia and is found in up to 10% of patients with premature myocardial infarction. The genetic and metabolic bases of the disorder have not yet been defined. This review discusses the important advances in the past year in our understanding of the different metabolic pathways contributing to the pathogenesis of familial combined hyperlipidaemia.
Alkylation of Several Nucleophiles with Alkylsulfonium Salts (1990)

Abstract The reactions of dialkylphenylsulfonium salts (1) with several nucleophiles such as phenols, amine, enolate ion, and thiolate ions, have been investigated. The relative reactivities of the alkyl groups of sulfonium salts for the phenolate ion (hard nucleophile) were as follows; Me:Et:i-Pr =1.0:1.34:3.44. In the alkylation of the p-toluenethiolate ion (soft nucleophile) with 1, the opposite reactivity (Me:Et:i-Pr=1.0:0.22:0.03) was found. When a sulfonium salt (1e) having an optically active (S)-s-butyl group was reacted with a phenolate ion, an optically active (R)-s-butyl phenyl ether was obtained with an inversion of the configuration at the chiral carbon atom. A reaction mechanism via a sulfurane intermediate is proposed for the alkylation of the phenolate ion with alkylsulfonium salts. The relative reactivities for the alkylation of several nucleophiles with dialkylphenylselenonium salts (12) were also investigated.
A human de‐ubiquitinating enzyme with both isopeptidase and peptidase activities in vitro (1995)

Some enzymatic and physicochemical properties of a human ubiquitin-specific isopeptidase are reported. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity from red blood cells and its specificity towards polymeric ubiquitin substrates suggests a de-ubiquitinating activity capable of cleaving 'head-to-tail' polyUb chains as well as isoamide 'branched' Ub dimers. KM values show a 10 fold preference for the cleavage of branched Ub dimers over head-to-tail Ub dimers. The enzymatic activity can be strongly inhibited by various peptides containing either of the cleavage site sequences found in Ub polymers, but not by unrelated peptides. The enzyme is monomeric under reducing conditions and exhibits a globular shape with an average diameter of 9 nm, an S20,w value of 5.2 S and a molar mass of 110 kDa +/- 10%. Because the enzyme cleaves both peptide-linked and isopeptide-linked Ub moieties from substrates, we propose to name it de-ubiquitinase rather than isopeptidase.
Exon Concatenation to Increase the Efficiency of Mutation Screening by DGGE (2002)

For genes that have a substantial number of exons and long intronic sequences, mutation screening by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) requires the amplification of each exon from genomic DNA by PCR. This results in a high number of fragments to be analyzed by DGGE so that the analysis of large sample sets becomes labor intensive and time consuming. To address this problem, we have developed a new strategy for mutation analysis, lexon-DGGE, which combines the joining of different exons by PCR (also known as lexons) with a highly sensitive technique such as DGGE to screen for mutations. The lexon technique is based on the concatenation of several exons, adjacent or not, from genomic DNA into a single DNA fragment so that this approach could simultaneously be used to check the mutational status of several small genes. To show the feasibility of the approach, we have used the lexon-DGGE technique to analyze all coding exons, intron-exon junctions, noncoding exon 1, and part of the noncoding region of exon 11 of the TP53 gene. The validity and performance of the technique were confirmed by using negative and positive controls for each of the DNAfragments analyzed.
Technical Note—Convex Programming with Set-Inclusive Constraints and Applications to Inexact Linear Programming (1973)

This note formulates a convex mathematical programming problem in which the usual definition of the feasible region is replaced by a significantly different strategy. Instead of specifying the feasible region by a set of convex inequalities, f i (x) ≦ b i , i = 1, 2, …, m, the feasible region is defined via set containment. Here n convex activity sets {K j , j = 1, 2, …, n} and a convex resource set K are specified and the feasible region is given by [Formula: see text] where the binary operation + refers to addition of sets. The problem is then to find x̄ ∈ X that maximizes the linear function c · x. When the resource set has a special form, this problem is solved via an auxiliary linear-programming problem and application to inexact linear programming is possible.
Synthesis of Lanthionine‐Containing Peptides on Solid‐Phase via an Orthogonal Protecting Group Strategy (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A matched filter communication system for multipath channels (1960)

A matched filter communication system is described whose underlying principles are based on the Rake. The point-to-point synchronous teletype system employs complex lumped-parameter networks to generate and receive a pair of long-duration, broadband signals representing Mark and Space respectively. The receiver contains a pair of matched filters whose output is a narrow pulse when the matching waveform is applied. One advantage of the system, arising from the long duration of the signals, is an increase in energy per teletype baud when operating under a peak power limitation. Another is that multiple propagation paths due to ionospheric reflection are resolved by the broadband signals, resulting in the appearance of the multipath pattern at the output of the Mark or Space matched filter. Recombination of paths is achieved by means of a recirculating delay line tuned to the teletype baud rate in conjunction with parallel multiplier-integrators in the Mark and Space channels. The combination acts as a self-adjusting correlation detector for the multipath pattern.
Hydrogels based on copolymers of <i>N</i>‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) methacrylamide, 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 4‐<i>t</i>‐butyi‐2‐hydroxycyclohexyl methacrylate (1993)

Abstract A nonionic, high water content, high‐strength hydrogel based on N ‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)methacrylamide (HMA), 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and a strengthening agent, 4‐ t ‐butyl‐2‐hydroxycyclohexyl methacrylate (TBCM). The HMA was prepared by the reaction of methacryloyl chloride with ethanol amine. The copolymerization of HMA with varying concentrations of HEMA and TBCM resulted in transparent hydrogel films possessing a wide range of mechanical and physical properties. A copolymer composition of 79 parts HMA, 20.7 parts TBCM, and 0.3 parts ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) gave a transparent, flexible film possessing a water content of 72.6%, a Young's modulus of 0.45 MPa, oxygen permeability of 28 barrers, and a tear strength of 28 N/m. In contrast, a copolymer composition of 40 parts HMA, 59.7 parts TBCM, and 0.3 parts EGDMA gave a hard, transparent film possessing a water content of 33% and a modulus of 504 MPa. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Recombinant adenovirus‐mediated gene delivery into the rat retinal pigment epithelium <i>in vivo</i> (1998)

These results demonstrate that the RPE layer can be successfully targeted for gene delivery in the rat.