gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies of Azo Dye Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Chemically Modified Lignocellulosic Jute Fiber (2013)

The lignocellulosic biomass jute fiber (JF) was chemically modified with polyphenolic tannin in aqueous medium by epoxy activation under mild conditions and applied as a potential adsorbent for the removal of Congo Red, a model azo dye, from aqueous solution. The virgin and tannin-modified JF samples were characterized by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Within the studied range of dye concentrations, the adsorption equilibrium was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm model well, with R2 > 0.99. The rate of adsorption of the dye onto treated JF was very high, and equilibrium was attained within 15–30 min of contact. The efficiency of modified JF for the spontaneous and exothermic adsorption of azo dye is attributed to the copious availability of hydroxyl and other polar functional groups on the fiber surface. The present adsorption studies of azo dye from aqueous solution revealed the potential of modified JF to be utilized as an alternative, inexpensive, and environmentally benign adsorbent for water purification.
Fast and Guaranteed Tensor Decomposition via Sketching (2015)

Tensor CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition has wide applications in statistical learning of latent variable models and in data mining. In this paper, we propose fast and randomized tensor CP decomposition algorithms based on sketching. We build on the idea of count sketches, but introduce many novel ideas which are unique to tensors. We develop novel methods for randomized computation of tensor contractions via FFTs, without explicitly forming the tensors. Such tensor contractions are encountered in decomposition methods such as tensor power iterations and alternating least squares. We also design novel colliding hashes for symmetric tensors to further save time in computing the sketches. We then combine these sketching ideas with existing whitening and tensor power iterative techniques to obtain the fastest algorithm on both sparse and dense tensors. The quality of approximation under our method does not depend on properties such as sparsity, uniformity of elements, etc. We apply the method for topic modeling and obtain competitive results.
: A propos de l'arrêt CEDH 7 nov. 2006 (2007)

National audience
Smoothing of multilayer x-ray mirrors by ion polishing (1989)

Ion bombardment at grazing angles of incidence is used to smoothen the boundaries within multilayer x-ray mirrors. Increases in the reflectivity by a factor of 2 for soft x rays have been obtained for RhRu-C mirrors with periods of 60 Å.
Gold Nanoshelled Liquid Perfluorocarbon Nanocapsules for Combined Dual Modal Ultrasound/CT Imaging and Photothermal Therapy of Cancer (2014)

The integration of multimodal contrast-enhanced diagnostic imaging and therapeutic capabilities could utilize imaging guided therapy to plan the treatment strategy based on the diagnostic results and to guide/monitor the therapeutic procedures. Herein, gold nanoshelled perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB) nanocapsules with PEGylation (PGsP NCs) are constructed by oil-in-water emulsion method to form polymeric PFOB nanocapsules, followed by the formation of PEGylated gold nanoshell on the surface. PGsP NCs could not only provide excellent contrast enhancement for dual modal ultrasound and CT imaging in vitro and in vivo, but also serve as efficient photoabsorbers for photothermal ablation of tumors on xenografted nude mouse model. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of gold nanoshell serving as both CT contrast agents and photoabsorbers for photothermal therapy. The novel multifunctional nanomedicine would be of great value to offer more comprehensive diagnostic information to guide more accurate and effective cancer therapy.
A wearable stereo vision system for visually impaired (2012)

In recent years, a number of stereovision-capable devices emerge as travel aids for the visually impaired. However, these head-mounted devices are bulky and can only assist a user to avoid obstacles. In this paper, we detail a wearable stereovision system that can not only help avoid obstacles, but also stream real-time video feed via the 3G network. This wearable device is composed of an eyeglasses and a power-efficient embedded processing device. On one end, the eyeglasses carries two miniature cameras for the stereo-imaging. On the other end, we utilize a FPGA and FIFO buffers to synchronize and combine the stereo-images. Moreover, through a series of parallel programming techniques, we achieve a real-time stereo-matching on the embedded processor. In addition, the video captured by this system can be streamed to a mobile device over the 3G network. A prominent application of this device is that, the healthy sighted individual can make use of the live video feed to provide logistical guidance to a visually impaired user.
Tailoring Electrical Transport Across Grain Boundaries in Polycrystalline Graphene (2012)

Graphene produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is polycrystalline, and scattering of charge carriers at grain boundaries (GBs) could degrade its performance relative to exfoliated, single-crystal graphene. However, the electrical properties of GBs have so far been addressed indirectly without simultaneous knowledge of their locations and structures. We present electrical measurements on individual GBs in CVD graphene first imaged by transmission electron microscopy. Unexpectedly, the electrical conductance improves by one order of magnitude for GBs with better interdomain connectivity. Our study suggests that polycrystalline graphene with good stitching may allow for uniformly high electrical performance rivaling that of exfoliated samples, which we demonstrate using optimized growth conditions and device geometry.
Microfluidic Devices for Electrokinetically Driven Parallel and Serial Mixing (1999)

Microfabricated devices for parallel and serial mixing of fluids are demonstrated. To simplify the voltage control hardware, electrokinetic mixing is effected using a single voltage source with the channels dimensioned to perform the desired voltage division. In addition, the number of fluid reservoirs is reduced by terminating multiple buffer, sample, or analysis channels in single reservoirs. The parallel mixing device is designed with a series of independent T-intersections, and the serial mixing device is based on an array of cross intersections and sample shunting. These devices were tested by mixing a sample with buffer in a dilution experiment. Sample fractions of 1.0, 0.84, 0.67, 0.51, 0.36, 0.19, and 0 were generated for the parallel mixing device, and sample fractions of 1.0, 0.36, 0.21, 0.12, and 0.06 for the serial mixing device.
Single Carrier FDMA (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction SC‐FDMA Signal Processing Subcarrier Mapping Time Domain Representation of SC‐FDMA Signals SC‐FDMA and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access SC‐FDMA and CDMA with Frequency Domain Equalization Single Carrier Code‐Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC‐CFDMA) Summary References
The ABCs of MHC (2005)

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) contains the most diverse genes known in vertebrates. These genes encode cell-surface molecules that play a central role in controlling immunological activity and, as a consequence, in tissue rejection, autoimmunity, and immune responses to infectious diseases. In vertebrates, there are many different MHC genes, most with many alleles. This is true for all primates studied thus far. Multiple loci and alleles allow for an increased peptide-binding repertoire; their variety has a profound impact on an organism's ability to battle constantly evolving pathogens. The argument that infectious disease is a driving force for MHC variability is supported by observations that most of the allelic variation centers on the amino acid residues that directly interact with foreign peptides. However, while MHC diversity could be maintained through heterozygote advantage, frequency-dependent selection, or both, the direct evidence that natural selection enhances diversity is limited. Indeed, it is not wholly clear whether selection operates only with respect to disease resistance or if behavioral and biological mechanisms also contribute to the extreme variation that has been observed for many species. Furthermore, reproductive behavior and biology may also help to maintain genetic variability at MHC loci.
Rapid and nondestructive determination of seed oil by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance technique (1974)

Abstract The pulsed NMR technique for rapid and nondestructive determination of oil in oilseeds has been developed. The effects of spin‐lattice relaxation time, spin‐spin relaxation time, seed moisture, angular position of the seeds, sample tube thickness, and sample height upon the magnitude and reproducibility of the NMR signal were studied. Based upon these studies, various parameters for seed oil analysis have been fixed. The oil content of Brassica, peanut, and sunflower seeds was determined. The reproducibility of the measurement is ± 1 %. The technique was tested by measuring the oil content of the same seeds by the cold percolation method (CCl 4 extraction). It was further tested by determining the oil content of 60 Brassica seed samples independently at three laboratories. The results of these tests are given.
A homozygous nonsense mutation (c.214C→A) in the biliverdin reductase alpha gene ( <i>BLVRA)</i> results in accumulation of biliverdin during episodes of cholestasis (2011)

This is the first report of a homozygous BLVRA inactivating mutation indicating that the complete absence of BVRα activity is a non-lethal condition, the most evident phenotypic characteristic of which is the appearance of green jaundice accompanying cholestasis episodes.
Poly(vinyl alcohol) gel sublayers for reverse osmosis membranes. I. Insolubilization by acid‐catalyzed dehydration (1993)

Abstract Both flat‐sheet and tubular composite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were prepared by depositing aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and a dehydration catalyst on asymmetric poly(arylether sulfone) (PES) substrate membranes. The PVA coatings were insolubilized by heat treatment to create stable hydrophilic gel‐layer membranes. The influence of variables such as PVA concentration, catalyst concentration, curing time, and curing temperature was investigated. It was shown that a simple manipulation of one or two variables could lead to membranes with widely differing salt retention and water permeability characteristics. The insolubilized PVA coatings were intended to serve as hydrophilic gel sublayers on which ultrathin salt‐retention barriers could ultimately be formed by interfacial polycondensation. For this purpose, high‐flux gel layers were required, whereas salt‐retention capabilities were not regarded as important. However, the promising salt retentions obtained at 2 MPa (up to 85% NaCl retention and 92% MgSO 4 retention) showed that some of these PES–PVA composite membranes could function as mediumretention, medium‐flux RO membranes, even in the absence of an interfacially formed salt‐retention barrier. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Impaired erythrocyte methemoglobin reduction in sickle cell disease: dependence of methemoglobin reduction on reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide content (1990)

We have examined aspects of methemoglobin (metHb) reduction in sickle and in thalassemic red blood cells (RBCs). NADH metHb reductase activity in sickle and thalassemic RBCs was significantly increased compared with normal RBCs. Because in vitro enzyme activity does not necessarily represent in vivo activity, we measured the rate of metHb reduction in intact RBCs. Intact thalassemic RBCs demonstrated a significantly increased rate of metHb reduction compared with normal RBCs. In contrast, intact sickle RBCs had a rate of metHb reduction that was similar to normal RBCs and significantly decreased relative to high reticulocyte RBCs of equivalent cell age. To determine the mechanism for the relative impairment of metHb reduction in sickle RBCs, we measured intraerythrocytic NADH, a cofactor in the metHb reduction reaction. Thalassemic RBCs had a significantly increased NADH content relative to normal RBCs. In contrast, sickle RBCs did not have an increase in NADH content. Furthermore, incubating normal RBCs under conditions that increase the NADH content resulted in an increased rate of metHb reduction. In contrast, conditions that decrease the NADH content in normal RBC resulted in a decreased rate of metHb reduction. These data and other results suggest that metHb reduction in intact RBCs is dependent on NADH content, and that the impaired metHb reduction rate in sickle RBCs may be a result of a lack of increase in NADH content. The dependence of metHb reduction on RBC NADH content and the ability to manipulate NADH content in vitro suggest a new strategy for decreasing oxidant damage to sickle RBCs in vivo.
Some New Properties of Dickson Polynomials (2004)

Dickson polynomials are of special source of permutation polynomials over finite fields. It was found that Dickson polynomials have important applications in both pure and applied mathematics such as pseudoprimality testing and cryptology. Some new properties about Dickson polynomials are given in this note. It was shown that many properties of Dickson polynomials can be derived from our equations easily.
Formation of chromium interlayers in α-zirconium phosphate (1989)

Interlayered materials with basal spacings 15–26 Å, obtained when the half-sodium-exchanged form of α-zirconium bis(hydrogenphosphate) is refluxed with solutions of chromium(III) acetate, have been studied by thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, electron microscopy, e.s.r. and i.r spectroscopy; surface areas were also determined. The reaction causes expansion of the interlayer spacing, to a degree depending on the initial chromium content of the solution and the temperature. The results are interpreted in terms of the formation of a hydrous chromium acetate interlayer species which decomposes on heating between 300 and 400 °C. The surface area of the α-zirconium phosphate does not change appreciably on reaction with chromium(III) acetate indicating that interlayer crowding effects play a dominant role.
Super-Low Dose Lipopolysaccharide Dysregulates Neutrophil Migratory Decision-Making (2019)

Neutrophils are the first responders to infection and play a pivotal role in many inflammatory diseases, including sepsis. Recent studies have shown that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a classical pattern recognition molecule, dynamically programs innate immune responses. In this study, we show that pre-treatment with super low levels of LPS [1 ng/mL] significantly dysregulate neutrophil migratory phenotypes, including spontaneous migration and altering neutrophil decision-making. To quantify neutrophil migratory decision-making with single-cell resolution, we developed a novel microfluidic competitive chemotaxis-chip (μC3) that exposes cells in a central channel to competing chemoattractant gradients. In this reductionist approach, we use two chemoattractants: a pro-resolution (N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)) and pro-inflammatory (Leukotriene B4, LTB4) chemoattractant to model how a neutrophil makes a decision to move toward a bacterial infection versus an inflammatory signal. We demonstrate that naïve neutrophils migrate towards the primary pro-resolution signal in higher percentages than toward the secondary pro-inflammation signal. As expected, we found that training with high dose LPS [100 ng/mL] influences a higher percentage of neutrophils to migrate towards the pro-resolution signal, while reducing the percentage of neutrophils that migrate towards the pro-inflammatory signal. Surprisingly, super low-dose LPS [1 ng/mL] significantly changes the ratios of migrating cells and an increased percentage of cells migrate toward the pro-inflammatory signal. Significantly, there was also an increase in the numbers of spontaneously migrating neutrophils after treatment with super low-dose LPS. These results shed light onto the directional migratory decision-making of neutrophils exposed to inflammatory training signals. Understanding these mechanisms may lead to the development of pro-resolution therapies that correct the neutrophil compass and reduce off-target organ damage.
Rules of Thumb versus Dynamic Programming (1999)

This paper studies decision-making with rules of thumb in the context of dynamic decision problems and compares it to dynamic programming. A rule is a fixed mapping from a subset of states into actions. Rules are compared by averaging over past experiences. This can lead to favoring rules which are only applicable in good states. Correcting this good state bias requires solving the dynamic program. We provide a general framework and characterize the asymptotic properties. We apply it to provide a candidate explanation for the sensitivity of consumption to transitory income. (JEL E00, C63, C61, E21)
Word-parallel CRC computation on VLIW DSP (2002)

Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is widely used for error detection. For optimal performances, a method has been developed for bit-parallel processing, but it may not take advantage of parallel processor architecture. Here, a method is proposed for using the full power of a very long instruction word (VLIW) digital signal processor (DSP) architecture in CRC computation. The method is at least four times faster for 8, 16 and 32 bits CRC.
Separation of flavonoids and phenolic acids from propolis by capillary zone electrophoresis (2004)

The simultaneous determination of twelve different flavonoids, pinocembrin, acacetin, chrysin, rutin, catechin, naringenin, galangin, luteolin, kaempferol, apigenin, myricetin, and quercetin, two phenolic acids, cinnamic acid and caffeic acid, and one stilbene derivative, resveratrol, in propolis extracts used in medicine has been investigated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). With a buffer constituted by sodium tetraborate 30 mM, pH 9.0, and 15 kV applied voltage, the 15 polyphenols were separated on an uncoated fused-silica capillary within 40 min using normal polarity. Under the experimental conditions used, a linear relationship was calculated between the CZE migration times and the molecular weight of polyphenols' expression of the increasing amount of their hydroxyl groups and polarity. Regression equations revealed a linear relationship (correlation coefficients > 0.97) between the peak area of each polyphenol species and their concentration, from 6 to 120 ng. The levels of analytes in three different propolis extracts, ethanolic, aqueous-ethanolic and aqueous-glycolic, used to prepare various commercial medicinal products, were determined. The aqueous-ethanolic propolis extract showed a great percentage of caffeic acid, galangin, quercetin, and chrysin, whilst the ethanolic preparation was composed of a great amount of resveratrol, chrysin, and caffeic acid. On the contrary, the aqueous-glycolic propolis preparation was composed of approx. 11% of caffeic acid and a low amount of the other identified flavonoids due to the presence of approx. 85% of nonidentified compounds. CZE represents a valuable method for the qualitative and quantitative assay of the most relevant polyphenol components of propolis, representing an alternative to obtain typical fingerprints of propolis and a reliable identification of a large number of propolis polyphenolic species.
ChemInform Abstract: New Aspects of the Thio‐Wittig Reaction (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Quantitative correlations of heterogeneous electron-transfer kinetics with surface properties of glassy carbon electrodes (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative correlations of heterogeneous electron-transfer kinetics with surface properties of glassy carbon electrodesRonald J. Rice, Nicholas M. Pontikos, and Richard L. McCreeryCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 12, 4617–4622Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00168a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00168a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1021Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development and demonstration of an automated system for limited access weld inspection by using infrared active thermography (2015)

Weld inspection for surface breaking defects detection has been traditionally performed by using NDT methods such as Fluorescent PenetrantInspection (FPI), Visual Inspection (VI) or Eddy Currents (EC). All those well known techniques have as common drawback the need of skilled operator intervention in order to analyse obtained results. In the specific case of inspection of welds with limited access, the application of those traditional methods is even more complex, thus increasing inspection time and reducing the defect detection capability. Therefore, the development of a fully automated non-contact method overcoming these limitations is desired. Active thermography (IRT) represents one of the most promising techniques for replacing traditional techniques for surface breaking defect detection in welds.This technique makes use of an excitation source in order to heat the sample undertest and an infrared camera for thermal evolution monitoring. With the combination of these excitation-monitoring techniques, heterogeneities in the heat flow caused bysurface breaking cracks can be detected. In this work, a robotic solution was developed and demonstrated for the inspection of welds with real cracks in a representative environment with limited access. The system consists of a continuous laser-line excitation source together with a FLIR SC 655 micro bolometer thermographic camera. In order to access limited areas, two different aluminium polished mirrors have been used for bothinfrared radiation monitoring and laser excitation respectively. The inspection results, analysis and comparison with traditional methods will be shown.