gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Muscle hardness in patients with chronic tension-type headache: relation to actual headache state (1999)

It has recently been reported that the pericranial muscles in patients with chronic tension-type headache are harder, i.e. have a higher consistency, than in controls. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate whether muscle hardness is influenced by the presence or absence of actual headache and whether hardness is correlated to tenderness. The secondary aim was to compare muscle hardness between patients and healthy controls. Hardness of the trapezius muscle was measured with a hardness meter in 20 patients with chronic tension-type headache and in 20 healthy controls. The patients were examined on 2 days, 1 day with headache and 1 day without headache. Pericranial myofascial tenderness was recorded with manual palpation. In addition, muscle hardness was measured in another five patients out-side headache and in 30 healthy controls. The muscle hardness recorded in patients (n = 20) on days with headache, 98 +/- 26 kPa/cm, did not differ significantly from the muscle hardness recorded on days without headache, 100 +/- 21 kPa/cm, (P = 0.62). The muscle hardness was positively correlated to the local tenderness score recorded from the trapezius muscle both on days with headache (R = 0.52, P = 0.02) and on days without headache (R = 0.53, P = 0.02). The total tenderness score (TTS) recorded in patients on days with headache, 23 +/- 10, was significantly higher than the TTS recorded on days without headache, 15 +/- 11, (P = 0.0001). There was a significant difference between the TTS recorded in patients without headache, 15 +/- 11, and in controls, 4 +/- 4, (P = 0.002). The muscle hardness was significantly higher in patients on days without headache (n = 25), 97 +/- 20 kPa/cm, than in controls (n = 30), 87 +/- 16 kPa/cm (P = 0.03). On basis of previous and present results, we suggest that muscle hardness and muscle tenderness are permanently altered in chronic tension-type headache and not only a consequence of actual pain. In addition, the positive correlation between muscle hardness and tenderness supports the common clinical observation that tender muscles are harder than normal muscles.
Synthesis and Antitumour Activity of the Primin (2-methoxy-6-n-pentyl-1,4-benzoquinone) and Analogues (2007)

Cancer is a serious worldwide health threat, killing almost seven million people per year. Quinones are an important class of antitumour agents that are activated by tumour hypoxia. Primin (2-methoxy-6-n-pentyl-1,4-benzo-quinone), a naturally-occurring product obtained from Primula obconica (Primulaceae) has shown antimicrobial and antitumour properties. The synthesis of the Primin to obtain 3-, 5- or 6-alkyl substituted derivatives has been previously attempted seeking antitumour activity. The intermediate reaction products, 2-methoxy-hydroquinone-di-(2'-tetrahydro-pyranyl) ether and 2-methoxy-6-n-pentyl-hydroquinone-di-(2'-tetrahydropyranyl) ether were obtained and evaluated against sarcoma 180 (S-180) and Ehrlich carcinoma, as well as toxicity tests were performed. The antitumour activity tests showed that these intermediate compounds were able to inhibit S-180 sarcoma and Ehrlich carcinoma growth in mice. These results indicated that the tetrahydropyranyl protect group conserved the antitumour activity in comparison with quinone group, however, it exhibited a less toxic effect, with no characteristic of quinones. These results can suggest that compound 2-methoxy-6-n-pentyl-hydroquinone-di-(2'-tetrahydropyranyl) ether may act as a prodrug with some advantages in comparison with the Primin.
Strongly-Typed Language Support for Internet- Scale Information Sources (2012)

Abstract. A growing trend in both the theory and practice of programming is the interaction between programming and rich information spaces. From databases to web services to the semantic web to cloud-based data, the need to integrate programming with heterogeneous, connected, richly structured, streaming and evolving information sources is ever-increasing. Most modern applications incorporate one or more external information sources as integral components. Providing strongly typed access to these sources is a key consideration for strongly-typed programming languages, to insure low impedance mismatch in information access. At this scale, information integration strategies based on library design and code generation are manual, clumsy, and do not handle the internet-scale information sources now encountered in enterprise, web and cloud environments. In this report we describe the design and implementation of the type provider mechanism in F # 3.0 and its applications to typed programming with web ontologies, web-services, systems management information, database mappings, data markets, content management systems, economic data and hosted scripting. Type soundness becomes relative to the soundness of the type providers and the schema change in information sources, but the role of types in information-rich programming tasks is massively expanded, especially through tooling that benefits from rich types in explorative programming. 1
The 3D linear inverted pendulum mode: a simple modeling for a biped walking pattern generation (2002)

For 3D walking control of a biped robot we analyze the dynamics of a 3D inverted pendulum in which motion is constrained to move along an arbitrarily defined plane. This analysis yields a simple linear dynamics, the 3D linear inverted pendulum mode (3D-LIPM). Geometric nature of trajectories under the 3D-LIPM and a method for walking pattern generation are discussed. A simulation result of a walking control using a 12-DOF biped robot model is also shown.
Room-Temperature Sealing of Microcavities by Cold Metal Welding (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this paper, we present a wafer-to-wafer attachment and sealing method for wafer-level manufacturing of microcavities using a room-temperature bonding process. The proposed attachment and sealing method is based on plastic deformation and cold welding of overlapping metal rings to create metal-to-metal bonding and sealing. We present the results from experiments using various bonding process parameters and metal sealing ring designs including their impact on the resulting bond quality. The sealing properties against liquids and vapor of different sealing ring structures have been evaluated for glass wafers that are bonded to silicon wafers. In addition, wafer-level vacuum sealing of microcavities was demonstrated when bonding a silicon wafer to another silicon wafer with the proposed room-temperature sealing and bonding technique.<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\hfill$</tex> </formula>[2008-0053] </para>
Multispectral image alignment using a three channel endoscope in vivo during minimally invasive surgery (2012)

Sequential multispectral imaging is an acquisition technique that involves collecting images of a target at different wavelengths, to compile a spectrum for each pixel. In surgical applications it suffers from low illumination levels and motion artefacts. A three-channel rigid endoscope system has been developed that allows simultaneous recording of stereoscopic and multispectral images. Salient features on the tissue surface may be tracked during the acquisition in the stereo cameras and, using multiple camera triangulation techniques, this information used to align the multispectral images automatically even though the tissue or camera is moving. This paper describes a detailed validation of the set-up in a controlled experiment before presenting the first in vivo use of the device in a porcine minimally invasive surgical procedure. Multispectral images of the large bowel were acquired and used to extract the relative concentration of haemoglobin in the tissue despite motion due to breathing during the acquisition. Using the stereoscopic information it was also possible to overlay the multispectral information on the reconstructed 3D surface. This experiment demonstrates the ability of this system for measuring blood perfusion changes in the tissue during surgery and its potential use as a platform for other sequential imaging modalities.
Expert System Applications to Telecommunications (1988)

From the Publisher:
Describes some of the expert systems being developed for applications in the telecommunications field--capturing the knowledge and professional experience of the telecommunications experts. Written by leading authorities in expert systems applications, the book addresses: network and spectrum management, local area networks, configuration; monitoring and control, and scheduling of satellite experimenter requests. Material is logically divided according to three issues. Part 1 deals with case studies where expert systems have been developed for telecommunications. The second section discusses methodologies that could be used specifically for building telecommunications. The third part deals with potential areas in telecommunications for applications in expert system development.
Isocyanates of 9-Methyl- and 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsocyanates of 9-Methyl- and 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthraceneW. Mayo Smith Jr., Ernest F. Pratt, and Hugh J. CreechCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 1, 319–322Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01145a105https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01145a105research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Vector Processor Based on One-Bit Microprocessors (1982)

This low-cost auxiliary processor is based on commercially available microprocessors. Its parallel capabilities enhance the performance of small computer systems in vector and associative operations.
Early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (2004)

Objective:To study and discuss the treatment on the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIM) and how to improve the curative effects. Methods: 63 HIM babies' CK-MB and QTcd were obviously abnormal by giving them a small amount of dopamine, compare them with 32 healthy new-born babies a week later. Results: The treating method of small close dopamine is very useful for those new-born babies whose CK-MB and QTcd were high (P0.001) and would make their CK-MB and QTcd lower (P0.005). At the same time , this kind of method would make them recover better from the illness. Conclusion: CK-MB and QTcd as the criterion of diagnosing, the early HIM and the treating method of small amount of dopamine mean a lot to recovery from the illness.
Diagnostic Assays in Acute Pancreatitis (1985)

The sensitivity and specificity of five assays used to diagnose acute pancreatitis were studied: two amylase assays; one lipase; one trypsinogen; and one pancreatic isoamylase. Thirty-nine patients with acute pancreatitis were compared to 127 controls with abdominal pain. Using the upper limit of normal both amylase assays appeared sensitive but somewhat nonspecific (specificities of 88.9% and 86%, respectively). The trypsinogen and pancreatic isoamylase assays were also relatively nonspecific (specificity of 82.8% and 85.1%). Most nonspecific elevations occurred between a one- and twofold elevation of each assay. Lipase, however, maintained excellent specificity (99%) at its upper limit of normal. If the level of best cutoff is used instead (the level that best enhances sensitivity and specificity), the specificities of both amylase assays, as well as the trypsinogen and pancreatic isoamylase assays, exceed 95%. At the best cutoff level, trypsinogen maintains a qualitative advantage in sensitivity over lipase or pancreatic isoamylase (97.4% as compared to 86.5% and 84.6%).
Density Matrix Embedding: A Simple Alternative to Dynamical Mean-Field Theory (2012)

We introduce density matrix embedding theory (DMET), a quantum embedding theory for computing frequency-independent quantities, such as ground-state properties, of infinite systems. Like dynamical mean-field theory, DMET maps the bulk interacting system to a simpler impurity model and is exact in the noninteracting and atomic limits. Unlike dynamical mean-field theory, DMET is formulated in terms of the frequency-independent local density matrix, rather than the local Green's function. In addition, it features a finite, algebraically constructible bath of only one bath site per impurity site, with no bath discretization error. Frequency independence and the minimal bath make DMET a computationally simple and efficient method. We test the theory in the one-dimensional and two-dimensional Hubbard models at and away from half filling, and we find that compared to benchmark data, total energies, correlation functions, and metal-insulator transitions are well reproduced, at a tiny computational cost.
INTERFERONS (1993)

Journal of Immunotherapy with Emphasis on Tumor Immunology: January 1993 - Volume 13 - Issue 1 - p 56
Adhesion mechanisms of resin to etched dentin primed withN-methacryloyl glycine studied by13C-NMR (1998)

The origin of the pH-dependent bond strength of the resin to etched dentin treated with N-methacryloyl glycine (NMGly) primer was studied by 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) including spin-lattice relaxation time, T1, observation. When the dentinal collagen was suspended in the NMGly solution at pH = 1.6, the T1 values of all the carbons attributed to the NMGly species were significantly decreased. This indicated the presence of an interaction between the NMGly and the dentinal collagen. To obtain detailed information of this interaction, the 13C-NMR spectra of the NMGly were measured in the presence of the model compound for the collagen, (Pro-Pro-Gly)5 at pH = 1.7. The 13C-NMR peaks of the carbonyl carbons of the amide and carboxylic acid in the NMGly species shifted to a higher field and the T1 values decreased. Furthermore, when the molar ratio of (Pro-Pro-Gly)5 to NMGly was decreased from 1:1 to 1:3, the T1 values of the carbonyl carbon attributed to the carboxylic acid in the C-terminal Gly residue of the oligopeptide decreased dramatically. It can be construed that this indicated the formation of a hydrogen bond between the amide, -NH and the carboxylic acid of the NMGly species and the carboxylic acid of the C-terminal Gly residue of the oligopeptide.
An interactive electronic art system based on artificial ecosystemics (2011)

In this paper, we explore a generative art system designed to promote the creation of a diverse range of aesthetically pleasing images. We introduce our system, EvoEco, an agent-based pixel-level means of generating images based on artificial ecosystems. This art system is driven by interactive evolutionary computation, and further augmented using special measures to promote the diversity of the individuals. Following previous work, we explore a tractable definition of creativity and its addition to this interactive search. EvoEco was released online, and used by forty-one anonymous users to generate artwork. Here we present some of the discovered results.
Long term effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation on cognitive function, mood, and behaviour in Parkinson's disease (2004)

Comparing baseline, one year, and three year postoperative assessments, STN stimulation did not lead to global cognitive deterioration. Apathy scores mildly increased. Depression scores mildly improved. Behavioural changes were comparatively rare and mostly transient. Single case reports show the major synergistic effects of both medication and stimulation on mood and behaviour, illustrating the importance of a correct postoperative management.
A Rule-Based Approach for Availability of Web Service (2008)

Sustainable success of service oriented applications relies on capabilities to manage possible service failures. To substitute a failed service with some other equivalent service is unavoidable in recovering a suspended application due to failure of a constituent service. In this paper, we report a rule based approach to Web service substitution in order to secure availability of services. Availability provides delivery assurance for each Web service so that Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) messages cannot be lost undetectably, especially in a Web service composition. The rules are written in Semantic Web Rule Language. The rules are a formal representation of a categorization-based scheme to identify exchangeable Web services. This scheme not only tackles the issue of heterogeneity of domain ontology in describing the Web services, it also adapts itself by learning newly discovered ontology instances. A technical framework of Web service substitution using rule based deduction is demonstrated. Experiments on service substitution based on the proposed framework achieve a best precision of 85%.
Analyzing Incomplete Political Science Data: An Alternative Algorithm for Multiple Imputation (2001)

We propose a remedy for the discrepancy between the way political scientists analyze data with missing values and the recommendations of the statistics community. Methodologists and statisticians agree that “multiple imputation” is a superior approach to the problem of missing data scattered through one’s explanatory and dependent variables than the methods currently used in applied data analysis. The discrepancy occurs because the computational algorithms used to apply the best multiple imputation models have been slow, difficult to implement, impossible to run with existing commercial statistical packages, and have demanded considerable expertise. We adapt an algorithm and use it to implement a general-purpose, multiple imputation model for missing data. This algorithm is considerably faster and easier to use than the leading method recommended in the statistics literature. We also quantify the risks of current missing data practices, illustrate how to use the new procedure, and evaluate this alternative through simulated data as well as actual empirical examples. Finally, we offer easy-to-use software that implements all methods discussed.
Managing contention for shared resources on multicore processors (2010)

Contention for caches, memory controllers, and interconnects can be eased by contention-aware scheduling algorithms.
Commercial Enzymes and Their Influence on Broilers Fed Wheat or Barley (2000)

Two trials attempted to determine the performance of growing broilers fed commercial enzymes added to wheat- and barley-based diets. In the first trial, broilers were fed wheat-based diets and a superior growth rate resulted for all four commercial enzyme treatments (P<.05) to 35 days. The early improvement in body weight did not continue to 42 days, and overall gain (0 to 42 days) was not different among treatments. Feed utilization was unaffected by enzyme supplementation. A second barley-based trial, with diets formulated to contain β-glucanase enzymes, resulted in improved bird performance for all enzymes tested to 42 days (P<.01). Feed utilization was most efficient with Ronozyme B over the experimental period (0 to 42 days). Intestinal viscosity measured in 6-wk-old birds decreased significantly in all birds fed enzymes (P>.01). In a third experiment, data from mash-fed 2-wk-old birds showed a numerical but nonsignificant lowering of intestinal viscosity. The AMEn of wheat-based diets was not affected by enzyme supplementation.
Backprojection Autofocus for Synthetic Aperture Radar (2013)

In this study, we reviewed cases of invasive disease due to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae among children hospitalized at Arkansas Children's Hospital from 1993 to 2001. A total of 28 cases were examined, including 21 associated with bacteremia and 4 associated with meningitis. Of the patients examined, 86% were </=4 years of age, and 68% had underlying medical conditions. Characterization of the bacterial isolates by multilocus sequence type genotyping revealed significant overall genetic diversity, similar to the diversity in the general population structure for nontypeable H. influenzae. However, four separate pairs of isolates were closely related genetically, a relationship confirmed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and Southern hybridization studies using probes for the major H. influenzae adhesin genes. These results suggest that selected strains of nontypeable H. influenzae may have more invasive potential, especially in young children and patients with underlying medical conditions. At this point, the specific factors that contribute to enhanced virulence remain unclear.
Activation of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in airway smooth muscle: a potential pathway that modulates bronchial hyper-responsiveness in asthma? (2000)

The cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in airway hyper-responsiveness are unclear. Current studies suggest that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, a cytokine that is produced in considerable quantities in asthmatic airways, may potentially be involved in the development of bronchial hyper-responsiveness by directly altering the contractile properties of the airway smooth muscle (ASM). The underlying mechanisms are not known, but growing evidence now suggests that most of the biologic effects of TNF-alpha on ASM are mediated by the p55 receptor or tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)1. In addition, activation of TNFR1 coupled to the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF)2-nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway alters calcium homeostasis in ASM, which appears to be a new potential mechanism underlying ASM hyper-responsiveness.
Effect of Antibacterial Honey on the Ocular Flora in Tear Deficiency and Meibomian Gland Disease (2006)

From these results, there is sufficient preliminary data to warrant further study of the effects of antibacterial honey in chronic ocular surface diseases.
Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Variously Substituted Pyrazoloquinolines as Emitting Material (2001)

1-Methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolines (PAQ) carrying various substituents at the 6- or 7-position (PAQ-X, X = OMe, t-Bu, H, F, CN, CF3, NEt2) were synthesized and studied as emitting materials in an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). The 4,4‘-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (α-NPB) and 4,4‘-dicarbozolyl-1,1‘-biphenyl (CBP) were used as hole-transporting materials, whereas electron-transporting 2,2‘,2‘ ‘-(1,3,5-phenylene)tris[1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole] (TPBI) was used as a host for the PAQ-X dopant. The device with a general configuration of ITO/NPB/CBP/TPBI:PAQ-X/TPBI/Mg:Ag, where the PAQ-X dye concentration was kept around 2 wt %, was fabricated, and emits a bright blue light for all PAQ dyes except diethylamino-substituted PAQ, which emits blue-green light. With the same structure details, the electroluminescence, turn-on voltage, and external quantum efficiency show a dependence on the substitution. In particular, the external quantum efficiency and power efficiency are higher for devices doped with electron-rich PAQs and lower for electron-deficient PAQs.