gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic failure isolation and reconfiguration (ring networks) (1993)

An automatic reconfiguration of counter-rotating rings that significantly increases the reliability of a network is described. The automatic failure isolation and reconfiguration methodology (FIRM) uses flags and management frames to bypass both single and multiple link failures as well as cable failures. FIRM uses WRAP-D switching along with the beaconing process to locate some failures which cannot be located by beaconing process alone. Examples illustrating the reconfiguration procedures are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
State-of-Charge Estimation with Open-Circuit-Voltage for Lead-Acid Batteries (2007)

A state-of-charge (SOC) estimation method is proposed based on the relationship between the state-of-discharge (SOD) and the dynamically changed open-circuit-voltage. The variation of the open-circuit-voltage is observed experimentally on the lead-acid batteries and, by considering the open-circuit time and the previous discharging current, an estimation equation based on the equivalent circuit of the battery is derived. With an accurate SOD estimation, a precise prediction of the SOC is achievable. The estimation accuracy is verified by coulomb counting on experiments with intermittent discharging test.
Total-Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal-Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence SpectroscopyRinhold Klockenkàmper, Joachim Knoth, Andreas Prange, and Heinrich SchwenkeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 23, 1115A–1123APublication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online31 May 2012Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00047a717https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00047a717research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views989Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Comparative In Vitro Hemolysis Study of a Pulsating Intravenous Artificial Lung (2002)

A study was conducted to measure and compare the levels of hemolysis generated by an intravenous membrane oxygenation device referred to as the Intravenous Membrane Oxygenator (IMO) in previous literature. The device is comprised of several hundred hollow fiber membranes of approximately 40 cm in length that are woven in a fabric and wrapped around a centrally positioned balloon. The balloon, which is similar in shape and volume to an intra-aortic balloon, is rapidly inflated and deflated up to 300 bpm to augment gas exchange. To evaluate the hemolytic nature of this device, an in vitro test system was developed, consisting of two identical test loops, each incorporating a device test section of 1 inch in diameter, a heat exchanger, a Biomedicus pump head, a compliance bag, a venous reservoir bag, and Tygon tubing. Both loops were primed with 1.5 L of a bovine blood solution and run simultaneously at 37 degrees C for 6 hours at 4 L/min. Hematocrit and plasma free hemoglobin concentration were measured every 30 minutes to monitor hemolysis within each loop. This methodology was used to compare the hemolysis of the device at maximal pulsation with that of the control loop with an empty test section, as well as with a pulsing balloon of the same volume without any fibers. The results suggest that the hemolytic nature of the pulsating intravenous oxygenator is consistent with that of an intra-aortic balloon, a clinically used device not associated with any complications due to hemolysis.
Broad host range plasmids carrying the<i>Escherichia coli</i>lactose and galactose operons (1992)

We have developed a number of broad-host-range plasmids that allow the expression of the Escherichia coli lac operon from any cloned promoter, and the creation of ‘in phase’ fusions between lacZ and other cloned genes. In a second series of constructions, the E. coli gal operon has been cloned into the broad-host-range vector and a plasmid carrying both the E. coli gal and lac genes is described. These plasmids have been transferred into Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Zymomonas mobilis and their effects on the utilisation of lactose and galactose have been investigated.
Surface modification of synthetic vulcanized rubber (1994)

Abstract Surface modifications produced by treatments (mainly halogenation) of synthetic vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) leading to increased adhesion properties with polyurethane adhesives have been studied. T-peel tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), advancing contact angle measurements, infra-red (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to analyze the nature of surface modifications produced in the rubber. Although some surface heterogeneities were created, physical treatments (ultrasonic cleaning, solvent wiping, abrasion) did not noticeably increase the adhesion strength because certain abhesive substances (e.g. zinc stearate, paraffin wax) cannot be removed from the rubber surface by such treatments. Chemical treatment (chlorination) was carried out using ethyl acetate solutions of trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCI) (1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione). Chlorination of SBR with trichloroisocyanuric acid produced a significant improvement in T-peel strength, due to the contribution of mechanical (surface roughness, microcracks), thermodynamical (increase of polar contribution to the surface energy) and chemical (removal of abhesive substances, creation of polar groups) rubber surface modifications. The strong adhesion between the chlorinated SBR surface and the polyurethane adhesive was due to the presence of oxidized species of >C=O, -C-OH and -COR type. Chlorination of SBR is a fast reaction which needs only a small concentration of chlorination agent (< 1 wt% TCI/ethyl acetate) to produce high adhesion levels. An increased amount of TCI facilitated the chlorination reaction progressing from the exterior to the internal rubber bulk; however, although a thicker layer of chlorinated rubber created no further increase in adhesion strength was obtained. Keywords: Synthetic vulcanized rubbersurface treatmentshalogenationmechanisms of adhesionpolyurethane adhesives
Identification and Confirmation of RAPD and SCAR Markers Linked to the ms-3 Gene Controlling Male Sterility in Melon (Cucumis melo L.) (2004)

Male sterility is an important trait of melon in F 1 hybrid seed production. Molecular markers linked to a male-sterile gene would be useful in transferring male sterility into fertile melon cultivars and breeding lines. However, markers linked to the ms-3 gene for male sterility present in melon have not been reported. Our objectives were to identify randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to the ms-3 gene controlling male sterility using bulked segregant analysis in an F 2 population from the melon cross of line ms-3 (male-sterile) × `TAM Dulce' (male-fertile), convert the most tightly linked RAPD marker to the ms-3 gene into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker based on a specific forward and reverse 20-mer primer pair, and confirm the linkage of the RAPD and SCAR markers with the ms-3 gene in an F 2 population from the cross of line ms-3 × `Mission' (male-fertile). A single recessive gene controlling male sterility was found in F 2 individuals and confirmed in F 3 families. Two RAPD markers that displayed an amplified DNA fragment in the male-sterile bulk were detected to be linked to the ms-3 gene in the F 2 population from the cross of line ms-3 × `TAM Dulce'. RAPD marker OAM08.650 was closely linked to the ms-3 gene at 2.1 cM. SCAR marker SOAM08.644 was developed on the basis of the specific primer pair designed from the sequence of the RAPD marker OAM08.650. The linked RAPD and SCAR markers were confirmed in the F 2 population from the cross of line ms-3 × `Mission' to be consistently linked to the ms-3 gene at 5.2 cM. These markers were also present in 22 heterozygous fertile F 1 plants having the ms-3 gene. The RAPD and SCAR markers linked to the ms-3 gene identified, and confirmed here could be utilized for backcrossing of male sterility into elite melon cultivars and lines for use as parents for F 1 hybrid seed production.
As(III) Removal by Palladium-Modified Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Oxide Nanoparticle Photocatalyst (2009)

Removal of arsenic species from water by palladium-modified nitrogen-doped titanium oxide (TiON/PdO) nanoparticles was investigated with and without visible light. For the first time, a high degree of As(III) removal undervisible light illumination was demonstrated on oxide photocatalysts. Over 2 orders of magnitude decrease of As(III) concentration in waterwas observed in 1 h as the As(III) concentration was reduced below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency standard (10 microg/L) by TiON/PdO photocatalyst Such an efficient removal of As(III) was shown to result from the combined effects of strong adsorption and photooxidation by TiON/PdO, where an enhanced photocatalytic activity undervisible light illumination than nitrogen-doped titanium oxide (TiON) was derived from the strong optoelectronic coupling between PdO and TiON.
The effect of fuel octane and dilutent on homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion (2005)

This paper presents some experimental operating and combustion properties of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion. HCCI operating range, start of combustion, burn duration, indicated mean effective pressure, indicated specific emissions, and indicated specific fuel consumption are evaluated as charge dilution and octane number are varied. Primary reference fuels with octane numbers of 20, 40, and 60 are used in this study. The autoignition properties of the air-fuel mixture are varied by changing the fuel octane number, percentage of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and air-fuel ratio, while holding the intake temperature, engine speed, and compression ratio constant. Results show that both the start of combustion and the burn duration are sensitive to mixture dilution (excess air or EGR). The fuel octane number is not an effective method of controlling the start of combustion or the burn duration but can be used to increase the load range of the HCCI engine. Both the NO x emissions and the indicated specific fuel consumption increase as the octane number is increased due to lower dilution and higher peak temperatures. Correct amounts of dilution are critical in controlling HCCI combustion. Separating dilution into EGR and excess air, it is found that a given amount of EGR is more effective at controlling the start of combustion and the burn duration than the same amount of excess air.
Cold Sintering Process: A Novel Technique for Low‐Temperature Ceramic Processing of Ferroelectrics (2016)

Research on sintering of dense ceramic materials has been very active in the past decades and still keeps gaining in popularity. Although a number of new techniques have been developed, the sintering process is still performed at high temperatures. Very recently we established a novel protocol, the “Cold Sintering Process ( CSP )”, to achieve dense ceramic solids at extraordinarily low temperatures of <300°C. A wide variety of chemistries and composites were successfully densified using this technique. In this article, a comprehensive CSP tutorial will be delivered by employing three classic ferroelectric materials ( KH 2 PO 4 , Na NO 2 , and BaTiO 3 ) as examples. Together with detailed experimental demonstrations, fundamental mechanisms, as well as the underlying physics from a thermodynamics perspective, are collaboratively outlined. Such an impactful technique opens up a new way for cost‐effective and energy‐saving ceramic processing. We hope that this article will provide a promising route to guide future studies on ultralow temperature ceramic sintering or ceramic materials related integration.
[Anti-allergic actions of traditional oriental medicine--actions against types I and IV hypersensitivity reactions]. (1982)

A study was carried out to examine the effects of 23 kinds of crude drugs and 3 kinds of blended Chinese traditional medicines on Type I and Type IV allergic reactions. Forty eight-hr homologous PCA in rats as a typical model of the Type I reaction using anti-dinitrophenylated ascaris . IgE serum was significantly inhibited by the oral administration of the following drugs: Aqueous extracts: Aurantii F.i., Bupleuri R., Schizandrae F., Scutellariae R., Zizyphi F., and Shohsaiko-to and Methanolic extracts: Asiasari R., Aurantii F.i., Bupleuri R., Ginseng R., Glycyrrhizae R., Magnoliae C., Schizandrae F. and Trichosanthis S., Contact dermatitis in mice as a model of the Type IV reaction caused by picryl chloride was significantly inhibited by the oral application of aqueous extracts of Ginseng R. and Magnoliae C. as well as the powder of Hoelen. The aqueous extract of Saiboku-to also showed an inhibition of the contact dermatitis, and it significantly potentiated the inhibition of contact dermatitis by prednisolone.
Artesunate possesses anti-leukemia properties that can be enhanced by arsenic trioxide (2013)

Artesunate (ART), an effective and safe anti-malaria drug, also exhibits anticancer activity. We studied the effects of ART on proliferation and apoptosis of human K562 and U937 leukemia cell lines. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay demonstrated that ART inhibits cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Based on the findings obtained from light, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy and propidium iodide staining, the effect of ART was shown to be mediated through apoptosis. In parallel, ART treatment increased Fas expression, while it decreased the c-Fos level in K562 cells. Furthermore, co-treatment with arsenic trioxide (ATO) significantly facilitated ART-induced K562 cell apoptosis. These findings demonstrated that ART had an antitumor activity against K562 and U937 leukemia cells, largely due to inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway; and this tumoricidal function could be enhanced by ATO.
Poly(ethylene-<i>co-</i>propylene macromonomer)s:  Synthesis and Evidence for Starlike Conformations in Dilute Solution (2008)

By use of two sequential coordination−insertion polymerizations, a series of ethylene-co-propylene-based comb polymers was synthesized. First, poly(ethylene-co-propylene) macromonomers featuring one unsaturated chain end were synthesized using a titanium bis(phenoxyimine) catalyst. The macromonomers were then homopolymerized using a living nickel α-diimine catalyst. The molecular weights and corresponding number of arms for each poly(macromonomer) were determined using size-exclusion chromatography with viscometry detection and universal calibration. Viscosity−molecular weight conformation plots for the poly(macromonomer)s revealed compact solution structures. Furthermore, viscometric radii for each poly(macromonomer) (Rv) and corresponding linear macromonomer (Rv)a were determined and the ratio (Rv)/(Rv)a for each pair was compared to those of a variety of polyisoprene-based star polymers with similar functionality. The comparison revealed that despite the obvious comb topology of the poly(macromonomer)s their dilute solution conformations correspond reasonably well to the bona fide polyisoprene stars.
Normal corneal thickness measurements in pigmented rabbits using spectral‐domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography (2012)

This is the first documentation of the rabbit corneal thickness in vivo using the spectral-domain AS-OCT. Pigmented rabbit corneas were almost 150 μm thinner than human corneal values. Gender and eye were not associated with any statistical differences in central corneal thickness in this study.
The substrate degradome of meprin metalloproteases reveals an unexpected proteolytic link between meprin β and ADAM10 (2012)

The in vivo roles of meprin metalloproteases in pathophysiological conditions remain elusive. Substrates define protease roles. Therefore, to identify natural substrates for human meprin α and β we employed TAILS (terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates), a proteomics approach that enriches for N-terminal peptides of proteins and cleavage fragments. Of the 151 new extracellular substrates we identified, it was notable that ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain-containing protein 10)-the constitutive α-secretase-is activated by meprin β through cleavage of the propeptide. To validate this cleavage event, we expressed recombinant proADAM10 and after preincubation with meprin β, this resulted in significantly elevated ADAM10 activity. Cellular expression in murine primary fibroblasts confirmed activation. Other novel substrates including extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors and inhibitors were validated by western analyses and enzyme activity assays with Edman sequencing confirming the exact cleavage sites identified by TAILS. Cleavages in vivo were confirmed by comparing wild-type and meprin(-/-) mice. Our finding of cystatin C, elafin and fetuin-A as substrates and natural inhibitors for meprins reveal new mechanisms in the regulation of protease activity important for understanding pathophysiological processes.
Theoretical Analysis of Polariton Interference in a Thin Platelet of CuCl. I. Additional Boundary Condition (1985)

Interference patterns in reflectance and transmittance of a thin platelet of CuCl in the Z 3 exciton region have been analyzed in terms of an extended version of the D' Andrea-Del Sole theory about microscopic treatment of additional boundary condition (ABC). In the extension, quantization effect has been explicitly considered with respect to exciton motion in a slab. The effect of internal multiple reflection of polariton waves and the energy dependence of exciton damping factor have been taken into account. The decay constant of the evanescent exciton wave near surface has been treated as an adjustable parameter. The observed spectra by Mita and Nagasawa are well reproduced by the simplest extreme case of this theory, i.e., the case of vanishing contribution from the evanescent wave, which is equivalent to the Pekar's ABC.
S-Adenosylmethionine: The Relation of Configuration at the Sulfonium Center to Enzymatic Reactivity<sup>1</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTS-Adenosylmethionine: The Relation of Configuration at the Sulfonium Center to Enzymatic Reactivity1G. de la Haba, G. A. Jamieson, S. Harvey Mudd, and Henry H. RichardsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 15, 3975–3980Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01524a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01524a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views645Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Web-based Kernel Function for Matching Short Text Snippets (2005)

Determining the similarity of short text snippets, such as search queries, works poorly with traditional document similarity measures (e.g., cosine), since there are often few, if any, terms in common between two short text snippets. We address this problem by introducing a novel method for measuring the similarity between short text snippets (even those without any overlapping terms) by leveraging web search results to provide greater context for the short texts. In this paper, we define such a similarity kernel function and provide examples of its efficacy. We also show the use of this kernel function in a large-scale system for suggesting related queries to search engine users. 1.
Mechanism of Action of Gonadotropin‐releasing Hormone‐stimulated Leydig Cell Steroidogenesis. (1984)

To investigate mechanisms responsible for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated Leydig cell steroidogenesis, the effects of GnRH agonist [des-Gly10, (D-Ala6) GnRH] on phospholipid turnover were studied. GnRH agonist in concentrations of 10(-9) to 10(-7)M increased phosphatidic acid labeling 292 +/- 16% (mean +/- SE), and phosphatidylinositol labeling 258 +/- 13.2%. GnRH agonist-stimulated phospholipid labeling was detectable as early as 2 minutes. GnRH antagonist completely blocked GnRH agonist-induced testosterone formation and phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinosital labeling. Nifedipine in concentrations of 1 and 10 micrograms/ml inhibited GnRH agonist-stimulated testosterone formation but had no effect on 32P incorporation into phospholipids. Our results suggest that GnRH agonist-stimulated Leydig cell steroidogenesis is calcium dependent and correlated with increased phospholipid turnover.
Direct Association with Inner Centromere Protein (INCENP) Activates the Novel Chromosomal Passenger Protein, Aurora-C (2004)

A family of serine/threonine kinase Aurora constitutes a key regulator in the orchestration of mitotic events. The human Aurora paralogues Aurora-A, Aurora-B, and Aurora-C have a highly conserved catalytic domain. Extensive studies on the role of Aurora-A and Aurora-B have revealed distinct localizations and functions in regulating mitotic processes, whereas little is known about Aurora-C. The present study shows that human Aurora-C is a chromosomal passenger protein that forms complexes with Aurora-B and inner centromere protein (INCENP), which are known passenger proteins. We show that INCENP binds and activates Aurora-C in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, Aurora-C co-expressed with INCENP elicits the phosphorylation of endogenous histone H3 in mammalian cells, even though this phosphorylation is not sufficient to establish chromosome condensation in interphase cells. We therefore suggest that Aurora-C is a novel chromosomal passenger protein that cooperates with Aurora-B to regulate mitotic chromosome dynamics in mammalian cells.