gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Management of gap non-union of tibia by tibialisation of ipsilateral vascular fibula. (1998)

Gap non-union of tibia following traumatic bone loss or infection dramatically emphasizes the limitation of conventional reconstructive techniques. With presence of significant skin loss or poorly vascularised recepient bed, complications and failure rate increase and solution often lies in amputation. Vascularised ipsilateral fibular grafting offers a viable alternative to this. This is a series of 16 cases of gap non-union of tibia treated by tibialisation of fibula at KEM Hospital, Bombay. All the cases were secondary to osteomyelitis following compound fracture of tibia-fibula or hematogenous osteomyelitis with a large sequestrum. 15 cases had good results with good hypertrophy of bone after union. One case had poor result with fracture going into delayed union with no hypertrophy. We discuss the technique, complications and results of this procedure.
Evidence for Triclinic Symmetry in Smectic Liquid Crystals of Bent-Shape Molecules (2001)

The first experimental evidence for triclinic symmetry of bulk smectic liquid-crystal samples of achiral banana-shaped molecules is presented. This phase corresponds to the so-called Sm-CG phase consisting of biaxial molecules and characterized by two tilt directions with respect to the layer normal: tilt of the molecular plane (clinic) and tilt of the molecular kink direction (leaning). Each smectic layer has a polarization component normal to the smectic layers (C1 symmetry). The observations suggest that the phase tentatively labeled as B7 is identical with the Sm-CG phase.
Changing Physician Performance (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To review the literature relating to the effectiveness of education strategies designed to change physician performance and health care outcomes. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —We searched MEDLINE, ERIC, NTIS, the Research and Development Resource Base in Continuing Medical Education, and other relevant data sources from 1975 to 1994, using<i>continuing medical education</i>(CME) and related terms as keywords. We manually searched journals and the bibliographies of other review articles and called on the opinions of recognized experts. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —We reviewed studies that met the following criteria: randomized controlled trials of education strategies or interventions that objectively assessed physician performance and/or health care outcomes. These intervention strategies included (alone and in combination) educational materials, formal CME activities, outreach visits such as academic detailing, opinion leaders, patient-mediated strategies, audit with feedback, and reminders. Studies were selected only if more than 50% of the subjects were either practicing physicians or medical residents. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —We extracted the specialty of the physicians targeted by the interventions and the clinical domain and setting of the trial. We also determined the details of the educational intervention, the extent to which needs or barriers to change had been ascertained prior to the intervention, and the main outcome measure(s). <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —We found 99 trials, containing 160 interventions, that met our criteria. Almost two thirds of the interventions (101 of 160) displayed an improvement in at least one major outcome measure: 70% demonstrated a change in physician performance, and 48% of interventions aimed at health care outcomes produced a positive change. Effective change strategies included reminders, patient-mediated interventions, outreach visits, opinion leaders, and multifaceted activities. Audit with feedback and educational materials were less effective, and formal CME conferences or activities, without enabling or practice-reinforcing strategies, had relatively little impact. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Widely used CME delivery methods such as conferences have little direct impact on improving professional practice. More effective methods such as systematic practice-based interventions and outreach visits are seldom used by CME providers. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:700-705)
Reining in the Competition for Capital (1979)

This book explores the causes, character, and potential remedies for the problems caused by the growing spatial competition for capital in the United States, Europe, and other nations.
Dislocations in wave trains (1974)

Abstract When an ultrasonic pulse, containing, say, ten quasi-sinusoidal oscillations, is reflected in air from a rough surface, it is observed experimentally that the scattered wave train contains dislocations, which are closely analogous to those found in imperfect crystals. We show theoretically that such dislocations are to be expected whenever limited trains of waves, ultimately derived from the same oscillator, travel in different directions and interfere - for example in a scattering problem. Dispersion is not involved. Equations are given showing the detailed structure of edge, screw and mixed edge-screw dislocations, and also of parallel sets of such dislocations. Edge dislocations can glide relative to the wave train at any velocity; they can also climb, and screw dislocations can glide. Wavefront dislocations may be curved, and they may intersect; they may collide and rebound; they may annihilate each other or be created as loops or pairs. With dislocations in wave trains, unlike crystal dislocations, there is no breakdown of linearity near the centre. Mathematically they are lines along which the phase is indeterminate; this implies that the wave amplitude is zero.
Solventless Polymerization to Grow Thin Films on Solid Substrates (2004)

Abstract We report on the formation of polymeric thin films on a solid surface using gaseous monomers. The process consists of adding catalysts on the surface of a solid substrate and polymerizing volatile monomers at the gas/solid interface, or directly using the vapors of the catalyst and the monomers to selectively form polymers inside the microchannels. The morphology and properties of these thin films depend on the concentration of catalysts, the time of exposure to the monomers, and the type of the monomers, which can be easily controlled at the molecular level. This solventless process can be used for a range of applications.
Measurement of linear birefringence and diattenuation properties of optical samples using polarimeter and Stokes parameters (2009)

A technique is proposed for measuring the linear birefringence and linear diattenuation of an optical sample using a polarimeter. In the proposed approach, the principal axis angle (alpha), phase retardance (beta), diattenuation axis angle (thetad), and diattenuation (D) are derived using an analytical model based on the Mueller matrix formulation and the Stokes parameters. The dynamic measurement ranges of the four parameters are shown to be alpha = 0 approximately 180 degrees, beta = 0 approximately 180 degrees, theta(d) = 0 approximately 180 degrees, and D = 0 approximately 1, respectively. Thus, full-range measurements are possible for all parameters other than beta. In this study, the proposed methodology does not require the principal birefringence axes and diattenuation axes to be aligned. In addition, the linear birefringence and linear diattenuation properties are decoupled within the analytical model, and thus the birefringence properties of the sample can be solved directly without any prior knowledge of the diattenuation parameters. Also, the characteristic parameters in the baked polarizer with linear birefringence are successfully extracted from an optically equivalent model and proved by the respective simulation and experiment introduced in this study.
Asymmetric characteristics of InGaP/GaAs double-heterojunction bipolar transistors grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy (1992)

Geometrically symmetric double-heterojunction bipolar transistors which have been fabricated in InGaP/GaAs show up differences in the shapes of output characteristics of the devices. This electrical asymmetry has been interpreted in terms of the lower junction being compositionally abrupt while the upper junction is graded. The differences in the junctions have been related to the sequence of growth of the layers.
The red cell LW blood group protein is an intercellular adhesion molecule which binds to CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins (1995)

Leukocyte adhesion involves the leukocyte-specific integrins CD11a/CD18, CD11b/CD18 and CD11c/CD18, which bind to intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM). Three ICAM have been described, and are expressed on leukocytes and various other cells, but are absent from red cells. Here, we show that the red cell Landsteiner-Wiener (LW) blood group glycoprotein is an ICAM which binds to the leukocyte-specific integrins. This finding has important implications in red cell physiology.
Catalytic Arylation of Sulfamoyl Chlorides: A Practical Synthesis of Sulfonamides (2002)

Commercially available indium(III) triflate is shown to be an efficient catalyst for the sulfamoylation of aromatics.
Fractal Dimensional Analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Eyes With Diabetic Retinopathy (2016)

The OCTA FD is significantly reduced in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Applying fractal analysis to OCTA imaging holds the potential to establish quantitative parameters for microvascular pathology.
Evidence for Involvement of the Type 1 Angiotensin II Receptor Locus in Essential Hypertension (1999)

Components of the renin-angiotensin system play an important role in the normal regulation of blood pressure. We carried out a comprehensive genetic linkage study of the genes involved in the renin-angiotensin cascade in Finnish hypertensive twins and their affected siblings. We found no evidence for linkage between essential hypertension and the genes coding for renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme, or kallikrein 1 in the 329 hypertensive individuals of 142 families studied. In contrast, two intragenic markers for the type 1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1) showed some evidence for linkage in the total sample. A closer examination of this gene locus was carried out using subgroups of nonobese sibpairs with early onset of hypertension and uniform geographical origin. These stratifications yielded suggestive evidence for linkage of hypertension to the genetic area containing the AT1 gene, with a maximal multipoint logarithm of the odds (LOD) score of 2.9. A genetic association study carried out in an independent series of 50 hypertensive cases and 122 normotensive controls showed an increase in the frequency of the A1166-->C allele of the AT1 gene in the hypertensive individuals. In a novel variant of model-free multipoint linkage analysis allowing linkage disequilibrium in the calculations, an LOD score of 5.13 was obtained. Sequence analyses of the entire coding region and 848 bp of promoter region in the DNA sample on 8 index samples did not reveal previously unpublished sequence variations. The data provide evidence that a common genetic variant of the AT1 gene locus influences the risk of essential hypertension in the Finnish population.
Nonlinear Limits for Single-Crystal Silicon Microresonators (2004)

Nonlinear effects in single-crystal silicon microresonators are analyzed with the focus on mechanical nonlinearities. The bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators are shown to have orders-of-magnitude higher energy storage capability than flexural beam resonators. The bifurcation point for the silicon BAW resonators is measured and the maximum vibration amplitude is shown to approach the intrinsic material limit. The importance of nonlinearities in setting the limit for vibration energy storage is demonstrated in oscillator applications. The phase noise calculated for silicon microresonator-based oscillators is compared to the conventional macroscopic quartz-based oscillators, and it is shown that the higher energy density attainable with the silicon resonators can partially compensate for the small microresonator size. Scaling law for microresonator phase noise is developed.
Subpopulations of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons express different levels of tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA (1991)

Subpopulations of mesencephalic dopamine containing neurons possess different electrophysiological, pharmacological, biochemical, and anatomical properties. In order to determine whether such differences are related to the regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of catecholamines, the regional distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA in these neurons was examined using in situ hybridization histochemistry. In the mouse, labelling for tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA associated with individual neurons was significantly less in the lateral substantia nigra pars compacta than in the medial substantia nigra pars compacta and the ventral tegmental area. A similar pattern of labelling was observed in the rat. Labelling for tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA was significantly less in the lateral substantia nigra pars compacta than in medial pars compacta (a densely cellular region), the area dorsal to the medial substantia nigra pars compacta (a less cell dense region), and the ventral tegmental area. Differences in levels of labelling for messenger RNA in mesencephalic dopamine neurons were not related to differences in cell size as measured in sections processed for tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry. The results suggest that tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA is differentially regulated in subpopulations of mesencephalic dopamine neurons, supporting the view that these neurons are physiologically distinct.
The biocide polyhexamethylene biguanide remains an uncommon contact allergen (2007)

Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) is used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. Previous studies had shown a frequency of sensitization to PHMB of 0.5% and 0.4% in unselected dermatitis patients. The objective of this study was to determine the current frequency of sensitization to PHMB. From July 2005 until December 2005, a total of 1975 consecutive patients were patch tested with PHMB. 10 patients (0.5%) had positive patch test reactions to PHMB 2.5% aq. (9+ and 1++) and 16 patients (0.8%) to PHMB 5.0% aq. (12 +, and 4 ++). The test reaction pattern (reaction index and positivity ratio) of both preparations and a limited concordance between results from both concentrations (Cohen's kappa = 0.35) are probably indicative of a substantial number of false positive reactions. Potential causal exposures were assessed by a case by case analysis and by referring to surrogate markers of exposure in terms of concomitant reactions. Occupational exposures were identified as a probable cause of sensitization. Further risk factors included leg dermatitis and old age. The frequency of sensitization remains low. It is very unlikely that exposure to cosmetics or personal care products may have played a role in the few cases sensitized.
Bearing Envelope Analysis Window Selection (2009)

Bearing envelope analysis (BEA) is a powerful technique in the detection of faults in bearings. The improper selection of the envelope window frequency and window bandwidth can render the analysis ineffective. This can reduce the ability of a health and usage monitoring system (HUMS) to correctly identify a degraded bearing. This occurred recently: a teardown analysis (TDA) of a utility helicopter oil cooler fan housing found extensive bearing damage. The HUMS did not detect the fault. This paper is an analysis of why the BEA failed to detect the damage bearing. A description of the BEA is given. Using raw data that was collected prior to the TDA, various windows where tested on the BEA, a measure of effectiveness for BEA window selection was developed, and a window is suggested that would have detected the bearing fault is given.
The influence of cyclic tension amplitude on chondrocyte matrix synthesis: Experimental and finite element analyses (2004)

While not generally viewed as physiologically significant in articular cartilage, substantial tension can develop in fibrocartilage structures and in articular cartilage injuries. This study examined how different amplitudes of cyclic tension influence chondrocyte matrix synthesis. Bovine articular chondrocytes seeded in fibrin gels were loaded continuously for 48 hours at 1.0 Hz with displacements of 5%, 10%, or 20%. Protein and proteoglycan synthesis were measured by (3)H-proline and (35)S-sulfate incorporation, respectively. A poroelastic finite element model of the fibrin gel was developed to determine the strain distributions, hydrostatic pressures, and fluid velocities within the constructs at the various levels of displacement. Compared to unloaded controls, 10% and 20% displacements inhibited proteoglycan synthesis to the same extent, while 5% displacement had no effect. Tensile loading did not significantly affect protein synthesis. The finite element model predicted a wide range of strains and fluid velocities within the region of the gel analyzed for matrix synthesis, and the ranges overlapped for the different levels of displacement. These results indicate that the cyclic tension amplitude influences chondrocyte proteoglycan synthesis and that there may be a threshold in the response.
Cloud-Based Event-Processing Architecture for Opinion Mining (2011)

The viability of cloud computing for information-intensive tasks arising in real-time opinion mining and sentiment analysis of large online text streams is described. We show how a smart distributed architecture enables an efficient and scalable design for opinion mining on internet-based content that answers key challenges, such as integrating heterogeneous data sources and adapting to events through dynamic system configuration. In particular, we present a novel approach of semantic complex event processing in a cloud environment capturing different levels of information, such as event data (e.g. content from various heterogeneous, distributed sources) as well as associations identified during the opinion mining and sentiment analysis process (e.g. dynamic co-reference resolution).
Abstract 5778: Fragment-based drug discovery of selective inhibitors of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFr) (2010)

Abstract Recent data in a number of tumour types has implicated Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and Fibroblast Growth Factor receptor (FGFr) signalling as being key to the molecular pathology of cancer. This poster will describe fragment based drug discovery using biophysical screening to identify initial fragments. Subsequently, in the fragments-to-leads stage a detailed structural understanding of the binding interactions between the fragment and its target protein utilised X-ray crystallography and NMR. Starting with different fragments allows several lead series to be identified, often by synthesizing only small numbers of compounds. A fragment screening campaign was conducted against the FGFr-1 to detect very low molecular weight compounds that bound to the hinge region of the kinase. The screening produced several fragment molecules (Molecular Weight &lt;250 Da) which were in the micromolar range and confirmed binding mode in X-ray crystallography. One X-ray hit series that was 120 uM verse FGFr-3 will be described. Several iterations of structure-guided medicinal chemistry led to the identification of a lead compound with 3 nM affinity for FGFr-3, good cell activity and 30-fold selectivity verse VEGFr-2 with good oral activity. The lead was optimised to afford a compound that showed good PK/PD and efficacy. This poster represents first disclosure of the structure of the lead series and illustrates how a fragment-based drug discovery approach can be efficiently used to discover compounds advanced nanomolar compounds with oral bioavailability. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5778.
Highly Enantioselective Rh-Catalyzed Hydrogenations with a New Chiral 1,4-Bisphosphine Containing a Cyclic Backbone (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTHighly Enantioselective Rh-Catalyzed Hydrogenations with a New Chiral 1,4-Bisphosphine Containing a Cyclic BackboneGuoxin Zhu, Ping Cao, Qiongzhong Jiang, and Xumu ZhangView Author Information Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7, 1799–1800Publication Date (Web):February 19, 1997Publication History Received1 October 1996Published online19 February 1997Published inissue 1 February 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9634381https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9634381rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1193Altmetric-Citations111LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Enantioselective synthesis,Hydrogenation,Ligands,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts