gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The performance properties of electrically small resonant multiple-arm folded wire antennas (2005)

In this tutorial article, the resonant radiation properties of electrically small, multiple-arm, folded wire antennas are considered and compared as a function of the antenna's height, the cylindrical diameter occupied, the geometry, and the number of folded arms within the antenna structure. The radiation properties considered include resonant resistance, efficiency, radiation patterns, and the operating bandwidth, which is characterized using the antenna's quality factor (Q). It is shown that electrically small, multiple-arm, folded wire antenna designs offer significant performance improvements relative to simple open-ended wire antennas, in terms of increased resonant resistance, bandwidth, and efficiency. However, when multiple-arm, folded wire antennas of the same height and cylindrical diameter, but having significantly different geometries, are made to be self-resonant at the same frequency, they exhibit similar resonant performance properties. This illustrates that the resonant performance properties of these antennas are primarily established by their height and the physical volume occupied relative to the resonant wavelength. Various design parameters are considered and described for achieving self-resonance and a reasonable impedance match with an electrically small, multiple-arm folded wire antenna. Finally, the performance properties of the multiple-arm folded wire configurations are compared with those of an impedance-matched, non-folded, open-ended wire configuration. It is shown that the multiple-arm folded wire configurations exhibit a lower Q than the impedance-matched, non-folded wire configuration.
Mechanisms of Indirect Acute Lung Injury (2011)

PD-1 expression contributes to mortality after the induction of indirect-acute lung injury and this seems to be associated with modifications in the cellular and cytokine profiles in the lung.
Long-term cimetidine in children with cystic fibrosis: a randomized double-blind study. (1984)

A prospective, randomized double-blind study of 38 children with cystic fibrosis (CF) was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of cimetidine in improving fat absorption and clinical condition. The treatment consisted of cimetidine or placebo, 600 mg/m2 body surface/day, over a 4-mo period. Clinical state, weight, height, skinfold thickness, lung function tests, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) peptide test, and plasma lipid and lipoprotein determinations were performed before and after the treatment period. Compared with age-matched healthy children, patients showed decreased cholesterol (150.2 +/- 31.2 mg/dl, mean +/- SD), decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (44.1 +/- 11.8 mg/dl), and decreased low density lipoprotein cholesterol (84.1 +/- 25.5 mg/dl) whereas the triglycerides and the very low density lipoprotein triglycerides were slightly elevated (118.2 +/- 33.0 mg/dl and 60.5 +/- 17.5 mg/dl, respectively). Apoprotein B and AI were slightly reduced and Apoprotein AII was in the normal range. After the 4-mo treatment no significant change in clinical condition, weight, or lipoprotein patterns could be detected between the two groups. The total PABA recovery in urine also did not change significantly (36.6 +/- 19.4% of the dosage given before versus 28.7 +/- 12.9% after 4 mo in the cimetidine group). Cimetidine gave rise to bronchoconstriction as shown by an increase in airway resistance (mean increase 14.8%) whereas the placebo group had a decreased Raw with a mean of 8.3%. Patients with CF have a dyslipoproteinemia that was not influenced by cimetidine. We conclude that cimetidine does not improve fat absorption and has, therefore, no place and no benefit in the treatment of children with CF.
The Lente Insulins (1956)

The results of chemical, biologic, and clinical studies of the interaction between insulin and zinc were published in 1951 and 1952 by K. Hallas-Møller, P. M. Jersild, K. Petersen, and J. Schlichtkrull. It was reported that insulin is insoluble at blood pH in the presence of zinc ions, since at this pH a slowly soluble and slowly resorbable insulin-zinc compound is formed. The degree of retardation of an insulin-zinc suspension is governed first and foremost by the physical state of the suspended insulin. As seen in figure I, a suspension of the amorphous modification, Semilente, has a somewhat longer action than ordinary insulin, whereas the crystalline modification, Ultralente, may be compared to protamine-zinc insulin.
Physiological Stimulators: From Electric Fish to Programmable Implants (1982)

The application of electricity to the human body for medical purposes probably predates written history. Less venerable, but far more practical, is the delivery of electricity to internal cellular structures from signal generators placed within the body. The human cardiovascular system and the central nervous system were the filrst to benefit from commercially available implantable stimulators. The list of target structures, however, is expanding rapidly; and the number of medical indications for this kind of treatment is growing even faster. We are moving swiftly into an era in which the site-specific applications of well-defined electrical stimuli under very sophisticated noninvasive control will be the treatment of choice for a great many disorders, both physical and mental.
Statistical comparison between max-dmin, max-SNR and MMSE precoders (2006)

In this study, we considered a MIMO system with available channel state information at the transmitter side and compared three known precoders based on different and pertinent criteria: the post processing signal-to-noise ratio (max-SNR), the mean square error between transmitted and received symbols (MMSE) and the minimum distance of the received constellation (max-d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> ). We demonstrate that, alike the max-SNR and contrarily to the MMSE, the max-d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> gives the maximum diversity order for a Rayleigh channel. An upper- bound of the MMSE diversity order is given. On the other hand, d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> of the three precoders will be statistically studied as a function of the number of antennas. In addition, BER simulations showed that the best precoder is the max-d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> .
Über einige Derivate der Saccharose IV. Mitteilung *: Über Darstellung und Eigenschaften von Saccharose-N-alkylsulfonylurethanen (1968)

Article Über einige Derivate der Saccharose IV. Mitteilung *: Über Darstellung und Eigenschaften von Saccharose-N-alkylsulfonylurethanen was published on January 1, 1968 in the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents (volume 5, issue 1).
Comparison of blue and green InGaN∕GaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (2005)

In Ga N ∕ Ga N multiple-quantum-well (MQW) blue and green-light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were grown on sapphire substrates using metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. High-resolution transmission microscopy shows that a much larger density of stacking faults exist in the quantum-well region of the blue LEDs than in the green LEDs. In the green LEDs, the blueshift in the electroluminescence (EL) emission energy at larger driving currents is more prominent than in the blue LEDs, which is explained by different strength of quantum-confined Stark effect as a result of different piezoelectric field intensity by different scales of strain relaxation in the blue and green MQWs. The steady broadening of the EL emission energy linewidth on the higher energy side with the increase of the driving current was observed in both blue and green LEDs, which is attributed to the band filling effect.
First-Principles Study on the Thermal Stability of LiNiO<sub>2</sub> Materials Coated by Amorphous Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with Atomic Layer Thickness (2015)

Using first-principles calculations, we study how to enhance thermal stability of high Ni compositional cathodes in Li-ion battery application. Using the archetype material LiNiO2 (LNO), we identify that ultrathin coating of Al2O3 (0001) on LNO(012) surface, which is the Li de-/intercalation channel, substantially improves the instability problem. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the Al2O3 deposits show phase transition from the corundum-type crystalline (c-Al2O3) to amorphous (a-Al2O3) structures as the number of coating layers reaches three. Ab initio molecular dynamic simulations on the LNO(012) surface coated by a-Al2O3 (about 0.88 nm) with three atomic layers oxygen gas evolution is strongly suppressed at T=400 K. We find that the underlying mechanism is the strong contacting force at the interface between LNO(012) and Al2O3 deposits, which, in turn, originated from highly ionic chemical bonding of Al and O at the interface. Furthermore, we identify that thermodynamic stability of the a-Al2O3 is even more enhanced with Li in the layer, implying that the protection for the LNO(012) surface by the coating layer is meaningful over the charging process. Our approach contributes to the design of innovative cathode materials with not only high-energy capacity but also long-term thermal and electrochemical stability applicable for a variety of electrochemical energy devices including Li-ion batteries.
Oxygen Reduction on Well-Defined Core−Shell Nanocatalysts: Particle Size, Facet, and Pt Shell Thickness Effects (2009)

We examined the effects of the thickness of the Pt shell, lattice mismatch, and particle size on specific and mass activities from the changes in effective surface area and activity for oxygen reduction induced by stepwise Pt-monolayer depositions on Pd and Pd(3)Co nanoparticles. The core-shell structure was characterized at the atomic level using Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with element-sensitive electron energy loss spectroscopy. The enhancements in specific activity are largely attributed to the compressive strain effect based on the density functional theory calculations using a nanoparticle model, revealing the effect of nanosize-induced surface contraction on facet-dependent oxygen binding energy. The results suggest that moderately compressed (111) facets are most conducive to oxygen reduction reaction on small nanoparticles and indicate the importance of concerted structure and component optimization for enhancing core-shell nanocatalysts' activity and durability.
Characterization of Peripheral Circadian Clocks in Adipose Tissues (2006)

First described in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, circadian clocks have since been found in several peripheral tissues. Although obesity has been associated with dysregulated circadian expression profiles of leptin, adiponectin, and other fat-derived cytokines, there have been no comprehensive analyses of the circadian clock machinery in adipose depots. In this study, we show robust and coordinated expression of circadian oscillator genes (Npas2, Bmal1, Per1-3, and Cry1-2) and clock-controlled downstream genes (Rev-erb alpha, Rev-erb beta, Dbp, E4bp4, Stra13, and Id2) in murine brown, inguinal, and epididymal (BAT, iWAT, and eWAT) adipose tissues. These results correlated with respective gene expression in liver and the serum markers of circadian function. Through Affymetrix microarray analysis, we identified 650 genes that shared circadian expression profiles in BAT, iWAT, and liver. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that temporally restricted feeding causes a coordinated phase-shift in circadian expression of the major oscillator genes and their downstream targets in adipose tissues. The presence of circadian oscillator genes in fat has significant metabolic implications, and their characterization may have potential therapeutic relevance with respect to the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome.
MAXIMASK and MAXITRACK: Two new tools for identifying contaminants in astronomical images using convolutional neural networks (2019)

In this work, we propose two convolutional neural network classifiers for detecting contaminants in astronomical images. Once trained, our classifiers are able to identify various contaminants, such as cosmic rays, hot and bad pixels, persistence effects, satellite or plane trails, residual fringe patterns, nebulous features, saturated pixels, diffraction spikes, and tracking errors in images. They encompass a broad range of ambient conditions, such as seeing, image sampling, detector type, optics, and stellar density. The first classifier, M AXI M ASK , performs semantic segmentation and generates bad pixel maps for each contaminant, based on the probability that each pixel belongs to a given contaminant class. The second classifier, M AXI T RACK , classifies entire images and mosaics, by computing the probability for the focal plane to be affected by tracking errors. We gathered training and testing data from real data originating from various modern charged-coupled devices and near-infrared cameras, that are augmented with image simulations. We quantified the performance of both classifiers and show that M AXI M ASK achieves state-of-the-art performance for the identification of cosmic ray hits. Thanks to a built-in Bayesian update mechanism, both classifiers can be tuned to meet specific science goals in various observational contexts.
Use of Specialty Food Additives To Continue To Grow (1991)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTUse of Specialty Food Additives To Continue To GrowConvenience foods, health concerns are driving growth in demand for chemicals and materials used as food additives, replacementsANN M. THAYERView Author Information C&EN Northeast News BureauCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1991, 69, 22, 9–12Publication Date (Print):June 3, 1991Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 3 June 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v069n022.p009Copyright © 1991 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views11Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (499 KB) SUBJECTS:Additives,Food Get e-Alerts
Lung Infection—A Public Health Priority (2006)

merging lung infections capture the world's imagination because of the potential for pandemics. Recent examples include avian infl uenza and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). However, even in the absence of new pathogens or pandemics, lung infections have tremendous impact. Lung infections cause more disease than better-recognized threats to the public's health such as cancer, heart attacks, strokes, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, or malaria. This persistent and pervasive burden of lung infections receives proportionately little attention from the biomedical and public health communities.
Second-order discriminant function for amplitude comparison monopulse antenna systems (EW antenna array) (1991)

The technique of using three receiving elements for amplitude comparison monopulse direction finders (DF) is examined. An appropriate second-order discriminant function is chosen for this technique. Simulation is then used to compare the system performance to that of the two-element system. In performance evaluation, errors coming from receiver noise, antenna pattern, amplitude imbalance, and mechanical and quantization origins are accounted for.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of the Antiestrogen Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) on Gene Expression of the Rat Efferent Ductules1 (2008)

The efferent ductules express the highest amount of estrogen receptors ESR1 (ERalpha) and ESR2 (ERbeta) within the male reproductive tract. Treatment of rats with the antiestrogen fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) causes inhibition of fluid reabsorption in the efferent ductules, leading to seminiferous tubule atrophy and infertility. To provide a more comprehensive knowledge about the molecular targets for estrogen in the rat efferent ductules, we investigated the effects of ICI 182,780 treatment on gene expression using a microarray approach. Treatment with ICI 182,780 increased or reduced at least 2-fold the expression of 263 and 98 genes, respectively. Not surprisingly, several genes that encode ion channels and macromolecule transporters were affected. Interestingly, treatment with ICI 182,780 markedly altered the expression of genes related to extracellular matrix organization. Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (Mmp7), osteopontin (Spp1), and neuronal pentraxin 1 (Nptx1) were among the most altered genes in this category. Upregulation of Mmp7 and Spp1 and downregulation of Nptx1 were validated by Northern blot. Increase in Mmp7 expression was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry and probably accounted for the decrease in collagen content observed in the efferent ductules of ICI 182,780-treated animals. Downregulation of Nptx1 probably contributed to the extracellular matrix changes and decreased amyloid deposition in the efferent ductules of ICI 182,780-treated animals. Identification of new molecular targets for estrogen action may help elucidate the regulatory role of this hormone in the male reproductive tract.
Effect on Foot Width With Triplanar Tarsometatarsal Arthrodesis for Hallux Valgus (2020)

Triplanar first TMT arthrodesis reduced both osseous and soft tissue foot width, providing a desirable cosmetic and functional outcome for patients with hallux valgus. Future studies are needed to determine if patient satisfaction and outcome measures correlate with reductions in foot width. <b>Level of evidence</b>: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Continuing Education For Women (1970)

Selections from a report, given in a workshop, by Mrs. Lily Badre on November 20,1980, about ithe trip she made to the Far East during September 1980, as a consultant for AWl on Continuing Education.
Kap104p: A Karyopherin Involved in the Nuclear Transport of Messenger RNA Binding Proteins (1996)

A cytosolic yeast karyopherin, Kap104p, was isolated and shown to function in the nuclear import of a specific class of proteins. The protein bound directly to repeat-containing nucleoporins and to a cytosolic pool of two nuclear messenger RNA (mRNA) binding proteins, Nab2p and Nab4p. Depletion of Kap104p resulted in a rapid shift of Nab2p from the nucleus to the cytoplasm without affecting the localization of other nuclear proteins tested. This finding suggests that the major function of Kap104p lies in returning mRNA binding proteins to the nucleus after mRNA export.
Ignoring the Singularity in Approximate Integration (1965)

Next article Ignoring the Singularity in Approximate IntegrationPhilip J. Davis and Philip RabinowitzPhilip J. Davis and Philip Rabinowitzhttps://doi.org/10.1137/0702029PDFBibTexSections ToolsAdd to favoritesExport CitationTrack CitationsEmail SectionsAbout[1] G. Pólya, Über die Konvergenz von Quadraturverfahren, Math. Z., 37 (1933), 264–286 MR1545394 0007.00703 CrossrefGoogle Scholar[2] G. Pólya and , G. Szegö, Aufgaben und Lehrsätze aus der Analysis, Dover Publications, New York, N. Y., 1945, 39–, vol. 1 MR0015435 0060.12307 Google Scholar[3] Ivan Niven, Diophantine approximations, The Ninth Annual Series of Earle Raymond Hedrick Lectures of The Mathematical Association of America. Interscience Tracts in Pure and Applied Mathematics No. 14, Interscience Publishers, a division of John Wiley & Sons, New York, London, 1963viii+68 MR0148613 0115.04402 Google Scholar[4] J. W. S. Cassels, An introduction to Diophantine approximation, Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics and Mathematical Physics, No. 45, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1957x+166 MR0087708 0077.04801 Google Scholar Next article FiguresRelatedReferencesCited byDetails Product Integration in the Presence of a SingularityPhilip Rabinowitz and Ian H. Sloan17 July 2006 | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Vol. 21, No. 1AbstractPDF (1619 KB)A Unified Approach to Quadrature Rules with Asymptotic Estimates of Their RemaindersJ. D. Donaldson and David Elliott14 July 2006 | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Vol. 9, No. 4AbstractPDF (2456 KB)On Ignoring the Singularity in Approximate IntegrationM. E. A. El-Tom14 July 2006 | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Vol. 8, No. 2AbstractPDF (744 KB)Numerical Quadrature in the Presence of a SingularityWalter Gautschi14 July 2006 | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Vol. 4, No. 3AbstractPDF (422 KB)Gaussian Integration in the Presence of a SingularityPhilip Rabinowitz14 July 2006 | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Vol. 4, No. 2AbstractPDF (599 KB) Volume 2, Issue 3| 1965Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Series B Numerical Analysis History Submitted:05 March 1965Published online:14 July 2006 InformationCopyright © Society for Industrial and Applied MathematicsPDF Download Article & Publication DataArticle DOI:10.1137/0702029Article page range:pp. 367-383ISSN (print):0887-459XISSN (online):2168-3581Publisher:Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Antimicrobial Activity of Microgard™ Against Food Spoilage and Pathogenic Microorganisms (1991)

Microgard, a commercially available fermented milk product containing antimicrobial metabolites, was a potent inhibitor for Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Salmonella, and Yersinia when 1% concentration was incorporated into agar media. Gram-positive Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes were insensitive to Microgard. Kluyveromyces marxianus, an unidentified black yeast, and Penicillium expansum were partially suppressed, whereas Aspergillus niger and a yogurt spoilage yeast were tolerant to 5% Microgard. Optimum activity of Microgard was at pH 5.3 and below; the concentration that gave complete inhibition depended upon the number of bacteria present as well as the genus tested. Blood agar base reversed the antagonistic activity of Microgard against Pseudomonas putida compared with plate count agar.
Differentiated Priority Scheduling and Adaptive Segmentation for Bluetooth Piconets (2006)

Bluetooth is a wireless communication technology, aimed at supporting connectivity among close proximity mobile devices. Bluetooth enables the design of low-power, low-cost, and small-size radios. Bluetooth’s MAC is a polling based protocol, where a central Bluetooth unit (master) determines channel access to all other nodes (slaves) in the network (piconet). One of the open research problems in Bluetooth is the design of efficient scheduling protocols. This paper proposes a polling policy that aims to achieve increased system throughput and reduced packet delays while providing reasonable fairness among all traffic flows, even in the presence of asymmetric traffic rates and unpredictable channel error conditions. Simulation results confirm that our proposed policy achieves higher throughput, lower packet delays with reasonable fairness among all the connections, compared to previous work in the literature.