gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and magnetic properties of sendust/under-layer films. (1989)

The Sendust MIG (metal-in-gap) head has been developed for high density recording systems. Aloxidization at the boundary between the Sendust film and MnZn-ferrite, however, degrades the soft magnetic properties and insertion of Ni-Fe film between them is effective to rectify this problem. In the present paper, the effects of Ni-Fe film insertion are investigated in detail and the following results obtained: 1) X-ray diffraction intensity of (110) plane for the Sendust film on Ni-Fe/MnZn-ferrite is stronger than that on MnZn-ferrite. 2) Ni atoms in Ni-Fe film diffuse into the Sendust film with annealing at over 550°C. 3) Little degradation of permeability and coercivity is observed for the Sendust film containing Ni less than 1.4 wt.%
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTSupercritical Fluid ChromatographyLarry T. TaylorView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2010, 82, 12, 4925–4935Publication Date (Web):May 13, 2010Publication History Published online13 May 2010Published inissue 15 June 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac101194xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac101194xreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5263Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Chromatography,High-performance liquid chromatography,Molecular structure,Silica Get e-Alerts
Another view on parallel speedup (1990)

In this paper three models of parallel speedup are studied. They are fixed-size speedup, fixed-time speedup and memory-bounded speedup. Two sets of speedup formulations are derived for these three models. One set requires more information and gives more accurate estimation. Another set considers a simplified case and provides a clear picture of possible performance gain of parallel processing. The simplified fixed-size speedup is Amdahl's law. The simplified fixed-time speedup is Gustafson's scaled speedup. The simplified memory-bounded speedup contains both Amdahl's law and Gustafson's scaled speedup as its special cases. This study proposes a new metric for performance evaluation and leads to a better understanding of parallel processing.
Coenzyme Q. 147. Synthesis of new 2-alkylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones as inhibitors of coenzyme Q and as antimalarials (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoenzyme Q. 147. Synthesis of new 2-alkylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones as inhibitors of coenzyme Q and as antimalarialsThomas H. Porter, Frederick S. Skelton, Christine M. Bowman, and Karl FolkersCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1972, 15, 5, 504–506Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00275a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00275a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dual-function phase-transfer catalysis in the metal-assisted oxidation by hydrogen peroxide of styrene to benzaldehyde or acetophenone (1987)

Quaternary ammonium salts assist the extraction of both hydrogen peroxide and metal salts, e.g. ruthenium or palladium chloride from the aqueous to the non-aqueous component of a two-phase system; the system has been used for the oxidation of styrene.
Grooming using rotating brushes as a proactive method to control ship hull fouling (2015)

Grooming may be defined as the frequent and gentle cleaning of a ship hull coating, when it is in port or idle, to prevent the establishment of fouling. This study assessed the effectiveness of grooming with a five-headed rotating brush system on epoxy, ablative copper and two silicone fouling release (FR) coatings. These coatings were placed under static immersion at Port Canaveral, FL on a weekly and biweekly frequency. The results showed that grooming reduced fouling on all surfaces and was able to prevent fouling on the ablative copper and FR coatings when performed weekly. It was concluded that the grooming tool used for these tests was sufficient to remove biofilm and most hard fouling. However, when fouling pressure increased or when grooming was performed less frequently, insufficient forces were imparted by the brush to remove all of the established hard fouling organisms.
Performance analysis of spread spectrum packet radio network with channel load sensing (1989)

A continuous-time Markov-chain model for an asynchronous communication spread-spectrum code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) packet radio network is developed. The network is composed of mutually independent users. The receiver-based code is considered; a terminal with a packet to send looks up the destination's code and transmits on that code. Each user senses the channel load and refrains from transmission if the channel load exceeds the channel threshold. The model makes it possible to study the threshold effect of channel load on the performance of the CDMA packet radio network. Improvements in performance of spread-spectrum packet radio networks due to channel-load sensing are shown. Steady-state results for throughput are obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Microvesicle fractionation using deterministic lateral displacement effect (2014)

We demonstrate a novel integrated microfluidic device to separate circulating extracellular vesicles from blood stream using the deterministic lateral displacement principle. The device continuously fractionates extracellular vesicles and cells according to size and membrane flexibility by displacing them perpendicularly to the fluid flow direction in a micro-fabricated array of post. Direct separation of different size micro- and nanospheres were demonstrated using a multi-stage separation strategy thus offering a potential route for novel cancer diagnostic approaches where microvesicles can be targeted and intercepted during cell to cell communication.
A simple and compact system for combined angular resolved inverse photoemission and photoemission in the vacuum ultraviolet (1985)

A new easily operable bandpass photon detector (h(cross) omega =9.8 eV, Delta E=0.6 eV) and a low voltage electron gun (1-100 eV, Delta E=0.22 eV) serve as a simple and compact apparatus for angular resolved inverse photoemission spectroscopy. This system is combined with a cylindrical mirror analyser for angular resolved photoemission allowing an in situ measurement of the dispersion of unoccupied and occupied electron states in a single ultra-high vacuum chamber.
Enhancement of essential amino acid contents in crops by genetic engineering and protein design (2006)

The importance and urgency of providing humans and animals with quality proteins are reflected in the growing scientific and industrial interest in augmenting the nutritive value of the world's protein sources. Such nutritive value is determined by the protein content in 'essential amino acids', those that cannot be synthesized de novo and that must be supplied from the diet. It is the object of this review to discuss recent advances in the genetic modification of crops that aim to provide enhanced quantities of essential amino acids.
Base fluid and temperature effects on the heat transfer characteristics of SiC in ethylene glycol/H2O and H2O nanofluids (2011)

Experimental data are presented for the thermal conductivity, viscosity, and turbulent flow heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids with SiC particles suspended in ethylene glycol (EG)/water (H2O) mixture with a 50/50 volume ratio. The results are compared to the analogous suspensions in water for four sizes of SiC particles (16–90 nm). It is demonstrated that the heat transfer efficiency is a function of both the average particle size and the system temperature. The results show that adding SiC nanoparticles to an EG/H2O mixture can significantly improve the cooling efficiency while water-based nanofluids are typically less efficient than the base fluids. This is one of the few times that substantial nanofluid heat transfer enhancement has been reported in the literature based on a realistic comparison basis of constant velocity or pumping power. The trends important for engineering efficient heat transfer nanofluids are summarized.
Management of sports-induced skin wounds. (1995)

Skin wounds are common in sports but are rarely documented by the certified athletic trainer. The literature is unclear about wound types, and none of the articles reviewed reported frequencies. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the frequency of common athletic skin wounds and their specific management. Management of skin wounds can sometimes be problematic. Hydrogen peroxide has been used on wounds since 1947, yet some researchers report that hydrogen peroxide and iodophor solution can delay or interfere with wound healing, or cause damage to the wounded area if use is intense and prolonged. Occlusive dressings have been reported to have considerable advantage in maintaining a moist wound bed and in decreasing healing time. Infection rates beneath occlusive dressings, however, are similar to those associated with other types of dressings. Complications to wounds, with or without the use of occlusive dressings, such as keloids and seborrheic dermatitis, occur in low frequencies. Due to a lack of specific information about sports-induced skin wounds and their management, we recommend that standardized documentation for common wounds be developed along with further study of techniques for management.
Coval: Improving Alignment Quality and Variant Calling Accuracy for Next-Generation Sequencing Data (2013)

Accurate identification of DNA polymorphisms using next-generation sequencing technology is challenging because of a high rate of sequencing error and incorrect mapping of reads to reference genomes. Currently available short read aligners and DNA variant callers suffer from these problems. We developed the Coval software to improve the quality of short read alignments. Coval is designed to minimize the incidence of spurious alignment of short reads, by filtering mismatched reads that remained in alignments after local realignment and error correction of mismatched reads. The error correction is executed based on the base quality and allele frequency at the non-reference positions for an individual or pooled sample. We demonstrated the utility of Coval by applying it to simulated genomes and experimentally obtained short-read data of rice, nematode, and mouse. Moreover, we found an unexpectedly large number of incorrectly mapped reads in 'targeted' alignments, where the whole genome sequencing reads had been aligned to a local genomic segment, and showed that Coval effectively eliminated such spurious alignments. We conclude that Coval significantly improves the quality of short-read sequence alignments, thereby increasing the calling accuracy of currently available tools for SNP and indel identification. Coval is available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/coval105/.
Characterization of Long Descending Premotor Propriospinal Neurons in the Spinal Cord (2014)

The motor function of the spinal cord requires the computation of the local neuronal circuits within the same segments as well as the long-range coordination of different spinal levels. Implicated players in this process are the propriospinal neurons (PPNs) that project their axons across different levels of the spinal cord. However, their cellular, molecular, and functional properties remain unknown. Here we use a recombinant rabies virus-based method to label a specific type of long-projecting premotor PPNs in the mouse upper spinal cord that are monosynaptically connected to the motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord. With a whole spinal cord imaging method, we find that these neurons are distributed along the entire length of the upper spinal cord with more in the lower thoracic levels. Among them, a subset of thoracic PPNs receive substantial numbers of sensory inputs, suggesting a function in coordinating the activity of trunk and hindlimb muscles. Although many PPNs in the cervical and thoracic spinal cord receive the synaptic inputs from corticospinal tract or serotonergic axons, limited bouton numbers suggested that these supraspinal inputs might not be major regulators of the PPNs in intact animals. Molecularly, these PPNs appear to be distinct from other known premotor interneurons, but some are derived from Chx10+ lineages. This study provides an anatomical basis for further exploring different functions of PPNs.
High-Speed Obstacle Detection for Automated Highway Applications (1997)

Highway obstacle detection is a challenging problem. Highways present an unknown and dynamic environment with real-time constraints. In addition, the high speeds of travel force a system to detect objects at long ranges. Although there are a number of methods that can successfully detect moving vehicles, the more difficult problem of finding small, static road debris such as tires or crates remains unsolved. Systems such as the Automated Highway System (AHS) which demand high levels of safety are not feasible unless these critical problems are addressed. Although the problem of detecting static obstacles has been tackled in both the crosscountry and indoor mobile robot navigation literature, these systems have operated at low speeds (5 - 10 mph or less) and short range. This thesis will improve on the current state-of-the-art, by demonstrating how small static road debris can be safely detected at long distances and high speeds. In particular, it will focus on using two sensor modaliti...
Wnt3a stimulation elicits G-protein-coupled receptor properties of mammalian Frizzled proteins (2011)

Receptors of the Fz (Frizzled) family initiate Wnt ligand-dependent signalling controlling multiple steps in organism development and carcinogenesis. Fz proteins possess seven transmembrane domains, and their signalling depends on heterotrimeric G-proteins in various organisms; however, Fz proteins constitute a distinct group within the GPCR (G-protein-coupled receptor) superfamily, and Fz signalling can be G-protein-independent in some experimental setups, leading to concerns about the GPCR nature of these proteins. In the present study, we demonstrate that mammalian Fz proteins act as GPCRs on heterotrimeric G(o/i) proteins. Addition of the Wnt3a ligand to rat brain membranes or cultured cells elicits Fz-dependent guanine-nucleotide exchange on G(o/i) proteins. These responses were sensitive to a Wnt antagonist and to pertussis toxin, which decouples the G(o/i) proteins from their receptors through covalent modification. The results of the present study provide the long-awaited biochemical proof of the GPCR nature of Fz receptors.
Contribution of Subsaturating GABA Concentrations to IPSCs in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons (1998)

The time course of EPSCs and IPSCs is at least partly determined by the concentration profile of neurotransmitter acting on postsynaptic receptors. Several recent reports have suggested that the peak synaptic cleft concentration of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA likely reaches at least 500 microM, a level that saturates the GABAA receptor. In the course of investigating the experimental anticonvulsant 3,3-diethyl-2-pyrrolidinone (diethyl-lactam), we have observed an important contribution to IPSC decay by subsaturating concentrations of GABA. Diethyl-lactam augments currents elicited by the exogenous application of subsaturating concentrations of GABA in voltage-clamped, cultured hippocampal neurons and significantly prolongs the decay of autaptic IPSCs and miniature IPSCs in our cultures. In addition, diethyl-lactam potentiates currents in excised outside-out membrane patches elicited by the prolonged application of low concentrations of GABA. However, when patches are exposed to 1-2 msec pulses of 1 mM GABA, diethyl-lactam does not alter current decay. Tiagabine, which blocks GABA reuptake, does not prolong IPSCs, so it is unlikely that uptake inhibition accounts for the enhancement of IPSCs. EPSCs and miniature IPSC frequency are unaffected by diethyl-lactam, again consistent with a postsynaptic site of action. We propose that during an IPSC, a substantial number of postsynaptic receptors must be exposed to subsaturating concentrations of GABA. A simplified model of GABAA receptor kinetics can account for the effects of diethyl-lactam on exogenous GABA and IPSCs if diethyl-lactam has its main effect on the monoliganded states of the GABAA receptor.
Effect of W-plug via on electromigration lifetime of metal interconnect (2002)

The effect of W-plug via on electromigration (EM) lifetime of the metal interconnects with bamboo structure and single/multiple vias has been systematically investigated by using high resolution resistance measurement (HRRM). It is found that the vias added in the structure significantly change its resistance degradation profile. W-plug vias not only cause discontinuity at the interface between metal and W-plug, but also make the metal stripe near W-plug via to be more vulnerable to electromigration, further reducing EM lifetime of metal stripe. This finding raises doubt about the assumption that adding multiple vias will proportionately prolong interconnect lifetime in a circuit design.
High power operation of visible-light laser diodes. (1989)

High-power InGaAlP laser diodes with a narrow-stripe and a broad-stripe structures have been investigated.Reduction in the optical power density at the cavity facet is effective for the realization ofhigh power operation for both types of lasers. A broad-stripe structure is useful for obtaining highoutput power levels exceeding 100mW. In designing such high power InGaAlP lasers, thermal effectsare very important, because InGaAlP has high thermal resistivity. The simulation analysis performedby using a self-consistent heat conduction model shows that the temperature rise in the active layeris considerably influenced by the cavity length and the cladding layer thickness, as well as heatsink/submount materials. High-power operation with output power levels exceeding 100mW wasrealized for a broad stripe InGaAlP laser with optimized structural parameters mounted on a diamondheat sink.
Intuitive manipulation techniques for projected displays of mobile devices (2005)

Mobile devices (cellular phone, PDA, etc.) used by many people in their daily lives have so far been personal tools. Due to their multi-functionality, however, the devices have begun to be used by multiple people in co-located situations. This paper discusses near future technologies: a mobile device with a projector and intuitive manipulation techniques by using a video camera mounted on the device. It is difficult to realize a mobile device with a small and light projector that still retains the feature of mobility, so we have developed a system to project displays of mobile devices by tracking their three-dimensional positions and orientations. The proposed system called Hotaru (a firefly, in English) allows users to annotate, rotate or transfer files between multiple devices by touching their projected displays with fingers.
Flash Memory Cell Compact Modeling Using PSP Model (2008)

In this work, a new compact Flash memory cell model is developed using Verilog-A. The PSP MOS description is used as a basis for the formulation of the conduction channel behavior. The floating gate potential is implicitly computed with an added charge neutrality relation that ensures a good convergence in DC analysis. In order to perform transient simulations, as programming or erasing operations, injection current equations have been implemented. In this presentation, the model is run in ELDO simulator and is characterized with ICCAP software. It has been validated on an advanced STMicroelectronics' technology. The final objective of this work is to provide an accurate and scalable design tool.
Synthetic Furocoumarins. I. A New Synthesis of Methyl-substituted Psoralenes and Isopsoralenes (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic Furocoumarins. I. A New Synthesis of Methyl-substituted Psoralenes and IsopsoralenesKURT D. KAUFMANCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 1, 117–121Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01060a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01060a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interaction, Collision Detection and other Aspects of Mixed Reality (2008)

Mixed Reality is the combination of Virtual Environments and real physical reality. This paper outlines a research on this subject: a comparison of some different techniques that are used, e.g. to implement the interaction with real objects in Mixed Reality.
The Associations of Insomnia With Costly Workplace Accidents and Errors (2012)

Effectiveness trials are needed to determine whether expanded screening, outreach, and treatment of workers with insomnia would yield a positive return on investment for employers.