gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Three Different Methods for Pile Integrity Testing on a Cylindrical Homogeneous Polyamide Specimen (2016)

Three different methods for pile integrity testing are proposed to compare on a cylindrical homogeneous polyamide specimen. The methods are low strain pile integrity testing, multichannel pile integrity testing and testing with a shaker system. Since the low strain pile integrity testing is well-established and standardized method, the results from it are used as a reference for other two methods.
Acoustoionic interaction of SH surface waves with dilute ionic solutions (1991)

A theory describing the acoustoionic interaction of shear horizontal (SH) surface waves with viscous conductive ionic liquid is presented. A Green's function formulation that accounts for the acoustoelectric interaction with ions and dipoles in the solution is obtained for the surface potential in terms of the liquid and piezoelectric crystal parameters. For dilute ionic solutions, simple closed-form expressions for the velocity change and attenuation are obtained in terms of liquid conductivity and dielectric constant and the piezoelectric coupling coefficient. It is shown that SH surface waves in particular and acoustic waves in general can be used to perform microanalysis of dilute ionic solutions, detecting conductivity, dielectric constant, and relaxation frequency. The analysis, which was done for a simple crystal class, the hexagonal (6 mm), shows results which compare very well with exact numerical computations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of nanocrystalline film deposition (2010)

A full diffusion kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm is used to model nanocrystalline film deposition, and study the mechanisms of grain nucleation and microstructure formation in such films. The major finding of this work is that new grain nucleation occurs predominantly on surface peaks. Consequently, development of a nanocrystalline structure is promoted by a growth surface with nanoscale roughness, on which new grains can nucleate and grow separately from one another. The grain minor dimension (in the plane of the film) is primarily dictated by surface peak spacing, which in turn is reduced at low temperatures and high deposition rates. The grain major dimension (in the growth direction) is related to the probability of nucleating new grains on top of pre-existing ones, with finer grains being formed at low temperatures and low grain boundary energies. Because vacancies kinetically pin grain boundaries, high vacancy content, which is obtained at high deposition rate, also favors nanograins. Consistent with empirical observations common in the experimental literature, it is found that as grains shrink, they transition from elongated to equiaxed.
SlashBurn: Graph Compression and Mining beyond Caveman Communities (2014)

Given a real world graph, how should we lay-out its edges? How can we compress it? These questions are closely related, and the typical approach so far is to find clique-like communities, like the cavemen graph', and compress them. We show that the block-diagonal mental image of the cavemen graph' is the wrong paradigm, in full agreement with earlier results that real world graphs have no good cuts. Instead, we propose to envision graphs as a collection of hubs connecting spokes, with super-hubs connecting the hubs, and so on, recursively. Based on the idea, we propose the SLASHBURN method to recursively split a graph into hubs and spokes connected only by the hubs. We also propose techniques to select the hubs and give an ordering to the spokes, in addition to the basic SLASHBURN. We give theoretical analysis of the proposed hub selection methods. Our view point has several advantages: (a) it avoids the no good cuts' problem, (b) it gives better compression, and (c) it leads to faster execution times for matrix-vector operations, which are the back-bone of most graph processing tools. Through experiments, we show that SLASHBURN consistently outperforms other methods for all data sets, resulting in better compression and faster running time. Moreover, we show that SLASHBURN with the appropriate spokes ordering can further improve compression while hardly sacrificing the running time.
System-level power consumption modeling and tradeoff analysis techniques for superscalar processor design (2000)

This paper presents systematic techniques to find low-power high-performance superscalar processors tailored to specific user applications. The model of power is novel because it separates power into architectural and technology components. The architectural component is found via trace-driven simulation, which also produces performance estimates. An example technology model is presented that estimates the technology component, along with critical delay time and real estate usage. This model is based on case studies of actual designs. It is used to solve an important problem: decreasing power consumption in a superscalar processor without greatly impacting performance. Results are presented from runs using simulated annealing to reduce power consumption subject to performance reduction bounds. The major contributions of this paper are the separation of architectural and technology components of dynamic power the use of trace-driven simulation for architectural power measurement, and the use of a near-optimal search to tailor a processor design to a benchmark.
Introduction and overview (1986)

Soon after the collapse of the German army in April, 1945, Allied economic experts entered the industrial heartland of Northern Italy. Experts who had seen systematic German destruction in the South were stunned by the sight of Genoa, Turin, and Milan. Thanks in part to the local resistance, about 85 percent of northern plant capacity had survived, although damage varied from sector to sector. The war-related metallurgical industry had been reduced to 75 percent of its 1938 value, but losses in the wool and cotton textile sectors were a mere 0.5 percent. Even though first impressions were comforting, calculations of physical damage revealed neither the true cost of Fascism, war, and foreign occupation, nor the size and complexity of the Italian economic problem at the time. That problem, it was generally agreed, had three fundamental and interrelated aspects.
Histopathology of intraoperatively induced linear radiofrequency ablation lesions in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (2005)

<B>Aims</B> Radiofrequency (RF) energy has been extensively used in ablation of arrhythmia but so far no analysis of morphological effects in human left atria has been conducted. <B>Methods and results</B> We studied 59 ablation lesions from seven patients who died 2 to 22 days after open heart surgery plus intraoperative cooled-tip RF ablation to treat permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) (mean 4, 1-11 years). The ablation area was studied by macroscopy and histological analysis. RF ablation produced clearly delineated coagulation necrosis (up to a depth of 5.5 mm) bordered by an irregular zone of incomplete necrosis and fresh bleeding even 22 days post-operatively. No superficial charring, thrombotic deposition, or perforation was documented. Endocardium and subendocardium displayed oedematic loosening and microfragmentation of connective tissue fibres. Early after ablation (2-6 days), interfibrillar disseminated bleeding and necrosis without tissue removal response were found. Later after ablation (21, 22 days), mild inflammatory reaction and granulation tissue appeared. Twenty-five per cent of all studied lesions, especially in the thick region in between left pulmonary veins and mitral annulus (left atrial isthmus) (86%), were non-transmural. Nerve fibres with different degrees of thermal injury were detected in the pulmonary vein ostial region. <B>Conclusion</B> Intraoperative cooled-tip ablation in AF resulted in coagulation necrosis of endocardium, subendocardium, and the atrial myocardial layer to a depth of 5.5 mm bordered by an irregular zone of incomplete thermal damage. Transmurality of the lesions could only be found in 75% of intraoperatively applied lesions.
Advantage and challenge of nonmetallic substrates for rigid disk applications (1993)

The advantages and potential applications of nonmetallic substrates for high-capacity, small form factor disk drives are discussed. Some evidence of substrate effects on magnetic and read/write properties of thin-film media is presented. The crystallographic texture in the Cr underlayer and the ensuing Co films was found to be closely related to the substrate material used. All these phenomena appeared to be associated with the outgassing and heating behaviors of the substrates in the vacuum chamber. The origins of different film growth characteristics and media properties exhibited on the nonmetallic disks are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Randomised controlled trial shows that glyceryl trinitrate heals anal fissures, higher doses are not more effective, and there is a high recurrence rate (1999)

GTN is a good first line treatment for two thirds of patients with anal fissure. An escalating dose of GTN does not result in earlier healing. Significant recurrence of symptomatic fissures and a high incidence of headaches are limitations of the treatment.
Rheological Properties and Characterization of Polymerized Whey Protein Isolates (1999)

Whey protein polymers were formed by heating whey protein isolate solutions at 80 degrees C. Flow behaviors of whey protein polymers produced from different protein concentrations and heating times were comparable to various flow behaviors of hydrocolloids. Polymer formation was found to be a two-phase process. The initial protein concentration was a significant factor that determines the size and/or shape of the primary polymer in the first phase as shown by intrinsic viscosity. Heating time was a factor in determining the aggregation in the second phase as shown by apparent viscosity. Intrinsic viscosity of whey protein polymers was as high as 141.7 +/- 7.30 mL/g, compared to 5.04 +/- 0.20 mL/g for native whey proteins. The intrinsic viscosity and gel electrophoresis data suggested that disulfide bonds played an important role in whey polymer formation.
Formation of Merocyanine Self-Assembled Monolayer and Its Nonlinear Optical Properties Probed by Second-Harmonic Generation and Surface Plasmon Resonance (2003)

Nonlinear optical responses of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) containing merocyanine chromophore, 1-alkyl-4-(4-hydroxystyryl) pyridinium bromide (HSP), on gold in water and in ethanol were studied by second-harmonic generation (SHG). The pH dependence of the SHG response clearly showed a solvatochromic characteristic of the merocyanine from a protonated form to a zwitterionic form. A large second-order susceptibility χzzz=5.0×10-7 esu (2.1×102 pm/V) was found in a basic solution of ethanol where the merocyanine is in the zwitterionic form. Combination of the SHG and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy measurements also provides us with details of the formation process of the merocyanine SAMs in the ethanol solution of the HSP-terminated-alkyldisulfide, ω,ω'-dithiodi[1-undecyl-4-(4-hydroxystyryl)pyridinium bromide](HSPC11SS). A considerable difference was found in the kinetics between SPR and SHG, because SHG probes the molecules in a noncentrosymmetric fashion on the gold surface while SPR probes the optical thickness of the film. The difference enabled us to separate the chemisorption from the physisorption in the adsorption process. Interestingly, both probes showed slower kinetics in the solution of higher concentration, suggesting association of the disulfide molecules in the solution of high concentration.
Selective retinol production by modulating the composition of retinoids from metabolically engineered <i>E. coli</i> (2015)

Retinoids can be produced from E. coli when introduced with the β-carotene biosynthesis pathway and the BCMO gene. E. coli has no inherent metabolic pathways related to retinoids, therefore only retinal should be produced from the cleavage of β-carotene by BCMO. However, retinol and retinyl acetate were also produced in significant amounts, by the non-specific activity of inherent promiscuous enzymes or the antibiotic resistance marker of the retinal-producing plasmids. Retinol was produced by the ybbO gene of E. coli which encodes oxidoreductase and retinyl acetate was produced by the chloramphenicol resistance gene, called cat gene which encodes chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, present within the pS-NA plasmid that also contains the mevalonate pathway. The composition of retinoids could be modulated by manipulating the relevant genes. The composition of retinol, a commercially important retinoid, was significantly increased by the overexpression of ybbO gene and the removal of cat gene in the recombinant E. coli, which suggests the possibility of selective retinoid production in the future.
An IETF NSIS-Based Signaling Framework for Negotiating Registry Composition in Ambient Networks (2007)

Ambient networks (an) is a new networking concept for beyond 3G. Its key feature is network composition, which enables dynamic and instantaneous interworking between heterogeneous networks. An ambient network can host different registries. When ambient networks compose, the hosted registries also have to compose. A signaling framework is needed to dynamically coordinate the control functional entities of the involved networks. This paper proposes a signaling framework for negotiating registry composition in ambient networks. The framework is based on the IETF Next Step in Signaling (NSIS), a suite of protocols for signaling about a data flow along its path. The main extensions we have made are the support of point-to-multipoint message delivery and the definition of a new signaling application for registry composition. These are presented in the paper along with our simulation results.
The Synthesis of Antineoplastic Agents. XXXII. N-Nitrosoureas.<sup>1</sup> I. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Antineoplastic Agents. XXXII. N-Nitrosoureas.1 I.Thomas P. Johnston, George S. McCaleb, and John A. MontgomeryCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1963, 6, 6, 669–681Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00342a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00342a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views680Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Depression as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer Disease (2003)

Depression symptoms before the onset of AD are associated with the development of AD, even in families where first depression symptoms occurred more than 25 years before the onset of AD. These data suggest that depression symptoms are a risk factor for later development of AD.
Interventions Based on the Possibility That Oxidative Stress Contributes to Sarcopenia (1995)

Skeletal muscle is a tissue which accounts for a large part of the body's total oxygen consumption at rest, due to its large mass and the majority of oxygen consumption during vigorous physical activity. Also, skeletal muscle and nervous tissues do not possess the very high repair capacities that occur in more mitotically active tissues. Accordingly, oxidative stress may accumulate with age in these tissues and contribute to the development of sarcopenia; however, this possibility has not been thoroughly investigated. Although long-term intervention studies which test the hypothesis that oxidative stress contributes to sarcopenia have not been conducted, recent findings using the caloric restriction (CR) paradigm for studying retarded aging processes indirectly support this concept. Several research directions appear important to pursue, including the measurement of free radical production in skeletal muscle at diverse ages, antioxidant supplementation as an intervention for retarding the development of sarcopenia, the use of genetically manipulated animal models, and determining the influence of CR on oxidative stress in specific skeletal muscles and individual fibers and neurons therein.
An Interactive Model of Target and Context for Aspect-Level Sentiment Classification (2019)

Aspect-level sentiment classification aims to identify the sentiment polarity of a review expressed toward a target. In recent years, neural network-based methods have achieved success in aspect-level sentiment classification, and these methods fall into two types: the first takes the target information into account for context modelling, and the second models the context without considering the target information. It is concluded that the former is better than the latter. However, most of the target-related models just focus on the impact of the target on context modelling, while ignoring the role of context in target modelling. In this study, we introduce an interactive neural network model named LT-T-TR, which divided a review into three parts: the left context with target phrase, the target phrase, and the right context with target phrase. And the interaction between the left/right context and the target phrase is utilized by an attention mechanism to learn the representations of the left/right context and the target phrase separately. As a result, the most important words in the left/right context or in the target phrase are captured, and the results on laptop and restaurant datasets demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
P- and n-channel InAlAs/InGaAs heterojunction insulated gate FETs (HIGFETs) on InP (2002)

The simultaneous fabrication of enhancement-mode p-channel and n-channel heterojunction insulated gate FETs (HIGFETs) using InAlAs/InGaAs/InAlAs heterostructure layers on InP substrates is discussed. Near 1- mu m gate length, e-mode p-channel HIGFETs are shown to have a threshold voltage near -0.66 V, sharp pinchoff, 0.9-V gate diode turn-on, and a room-temperature extrinsic transconductance >20 mS/mm. The adjacent (complementary) n-channel HIGFETs are shown to exhibit e-mode operation (threshold V/sub tn/=0.16 V), low leakage, 0.9-V gate diode turn-on, and high transconductance (g/sub m/>320 mS/mm). >
Human Plasmin Enzymatic Activity Is Inhibited by Chemically Modified Dextrans (2000)

Some synthetic dextran derivatives that mimic the action of heparin/heparan sulfate were shown to promote in vivo tissue repair when added alone to wounds. These biofunctional mimetics were therefore designated as "regenerating agents" in regard to their in vivo properties. In vitro, these biopolymers were able to protect various heparin-binding growth factors against proteolytic degradation as well as to inhibit the enzymatic activity of neutrophil elastase. In the present work, different dextran derivatives were tested for their capacity to inhibit the enzymatic activity of human plasmin. We show that dextran containing carboxymethyl, sulfate as well as benzylamide groups (RG1192 compound), was the most efficient inhibitor of plasmin amidolytic activity. The inhibition of plasmin by RG1192 can be classified as tight binding hyperbolic noncompetitive. One molecule of RG1192 bound 20 molecules of plasmin with a K(i) of 2.8 x 10(-8) m. Analysis with an optical biosensor confirmed the high affinity of RG1192 for plasmin and revealed that this polymer equally binds plasminogen with a similar affinity (K(d) = 3 x 10(-8) m). Competitive experiments carried out with 6-aminohexanoic acid and kringle proteolytic fragments identified the lysine-binding site domains of plasmin as the RG1192 binding sites. In addition, RG1192 blocked the generation of plasmin from Glu-plasminogen and inhibited the plasmin-mediated proteolysis of fibronectin and laminin. Data from the present in vitro investigation thus indicated that specific dextran derivatives can contribute to the regulation of plasmin activity by impeding the plasmin generation, as a result of their binding to plasminogen and also by directly affecting the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
Clioquinol: Review of its Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Uses in Neurodegenerative Disorders (2010)

Clioquinol was produced as a topical antiseptic and marketed as an oral intestinal amebicide in 1934, being used to treat a wide range of intestinal diseases. In the early 1970s, it was withdrawn from the market as an oral agent because of its association with subacute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON), a syndrome that involves sensory and motor disturbances in the lower limbs and visual changes. The first methods for determining plasma and tissue clioquinol (5-chloro-7-iodo-8-quinolinol) levels were set up in the 1970s and involved HPLC separation with UV detection, these were followed by a more sensitive GC method with electron capture detection and a gaschromatographic-massspectrometric (GC-MS) method. Finally, an HPLC method using electrochemical detection has proved to be as highly sensitive and specific as the GC-MS. In rats, mice, rabbits, and hamsters, clioquinol is rapidily absorbed and undergoes first-pass metabolization to glucuronate and sulfate conjugates; the concentrations of the metabolites are higher than those of free clioquinol. Bioavailabilty versus intraperitoneal dosing is about 12%. Dogs and monkeys form fewer conjugates. In man, single-dose concentrations are dose related, and the drug's half-life is 11-14 h. There is no accumulation, and the drug is much less metabolized to conjugates. Clioquinol acts as a zinc and copper chelator. Metal chelation is a potential therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) because zinc and copper are involved in the deposition and stabilization of amyloid plaques, and chelating agents can dissolve amyloid deposits in vitro and in vivo. In general, the ability of clioquinol to chelate and redistribute metals plays an important role in diseases characterised by Zn, Cu, Fe dyshomeostasis, such as AD and Parkinson's disease, as it reduces oxidation and the amyloid burden. Zinc chelators may also act as anticancer agents. Animal toxicity studies have revealed species-specific differences in neurotoxic responses that are related to the serum levels of clioquinol and metabolites. This is also true in humans, who form fewer conjugates. The results of studies of Alzheimer patients are conflicting and need further confirmation. The potential therapeutic role of the two main effects of MPACs (the regulation of the distribution of metals and antioxidants) has not yet been fully explored.