gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hardware-Efficient Computing Architecture for Motion Compensation Interpolation in H.264 Video Coding (2005)

The paper addresses a new computing architecture for motion compensation interpolation in the ITU-T H.264 video codec. In the H.264 standard, quarter-pixel interpolation is achieved by using a 6-tap horizontal or vertical FIR filter (for luminance) and a bilinear filter (for chrominance). However, the computing procedures are irregular, thus complicating their corresponding hardware implementation. We propose an alternative of using a 4-tap diagonal FIR filter for interpolation in luminance and a three-stage recursive algorithm to reduce the number of multiplications for interpolation in chrominance. Experiments and analysis show that our proposed algorithms cause negligible quality degradation in image PSNR performance and much more efficiency in hardware implementation.
Electron transfer in aqueous colloidal tin dioxide solutions (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron transfer in aqueous colloidal tin dioxide solutionsPaul Mulvaney, Franz Grieser, and Dan MeiselCite this: Langmuir 1990, 6, 3, 567–572Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00093a009https://doi.org/10.1021/la00093a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views309Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MVP: a mutation-based validation paradigm (2006)

A mutation-based validation paradigm that can handle complete high-level microprocessor implementations is presented. First, a control-based coverage measure is presented that is aimed at exposing design errors that incorrectly set control signal values. A method of automatically generating a complete set of modeled errors from this coverage metric is presented such that the instantiated modeled errors harness the rules of cause-and-effect that define mutation-based error models. Finally, we introduce an automatic test pattern generation technique for high-level hardware descriptions that solves multiple concurrent constraints and is empowered by concurrent programming.
Sural Nerve Interposition Grafting during Radical Prostatectomy. (2002)

In 1997, autologous sural nerve grafting to reconstruct bilaterally resected cavernosal nerves was successfully performed in patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy. After 12 months, one third of these patients had erections sufficient for intercourse. Since that time, patients who have had neurovascular bundle resection and sural nerve grafting have continued to show promising results. For example, within one large cohort of men who had unilateral, nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy, significantly more men who had sural nerve grafting regained potency, and did so in less time, than men who did not have grafting. More importantly, however, with better predictions of the presence of extracapsular disease, nerve-sparing surgery can be performed more selectively, reserving wide resection and sural nerve grafting for patients likely to have extracapsular extension. A multicenter, randomized clinical trial is needed to substantiate the positive outcomes observed with sural nerve grafting.
Escape analysis in the context of dynamic compilation and deoptimization (2005)

In object-oriented programming languages, an object is said to escape the method or thread in which it was created if it can also be accessed by other methods or threads. Knowing which objects do not escape allows a compiler to perform aggressive optimizations.This paper presents a new intraprocedural and interprocedural algorithm for escape analysis in the context of dynamic compilation where the compiler has to cope with dynamic class loading and deoptimization. It was implemented for Sun Microsystems' Java HotSpot™ client compiler and operates on an intermediate representation in SSA form. We introduce equi-escape sets for the efficient propagation of escape information between related objects. The analysis is used for scalar replacement of fields and synchronization removal, as well as for stack allocation of objects and fixed-sized arrays. The results of the interprocedural analysis support the compiler in inlining decisions and allow actual parameters to be allocated on the caller stack.Under certain circumstances, the Java HotSpot™ VM is forced to stop executing a method's machine code and transfer control to the interpreter. This is called deoptimization. Since the interpreter does not know about the scalar replacement and synchronization removal performed by the compiler, the deoptimization framework was extended to reallocate and relock objects on demand.
Network mechanisms of intentional learning (2015)

The ability to learn new tasks rapidly is a prominent characteristic of human behaviour. This ability relies on flexible cognitive systems that adapt in order to encode temporary programs for processing non-automated tasks. Previous functional imaging studies have revealed distinct roles for the lateral frontal cortices (LFCs) and the ventral striatum in intentional learning processes. However, the human LFCs are complex; they house multiple distinct sub-regions, each of which co-activates with a different functional network. It remains unclear how these LFC networks differ in their functions and how they coordinate with each other, and the ventral striatum, to support intentional learning. Here, we apply a suite of fMRI connectivity methods to determine how LFC networks activate and interact at different stages of two novel tasks, in which arbitrary stimulus-response rules are learnt either from explicit instruction or by trial-and-error. We report that the networks activate en masse and in synchrony when novel rules are being learnt from instruction. However, these networks are not homogeneous in their functions; instead, the directed connectivities between them vary asymmetrically across the learning timecourse and they disengage from the task sequentially along a rostro-caudal axis. Furthermore, when negative feedback indicates the need to switch to alternative stimulus-response rules, there is additional input to the LFC networks from the ventral striatum. These results support the hypotheses that LFC networks interact as a hierarchical system during intentional learning and that signals from the ventral striatum have a driving influence on this system when the internal program for processing the task is updated.
Ultrafast Singlet Excited-State Polarization in Electronically Asymmetric Ethyne-Bridged Bis[(porphinato)zinc(II)] Complexes (2003)

The excited-state dynamics of two conjugated bis[(porphinato)zinc(II)] (bis[PZn]) species, bis[(5,5'-10,20-bis[3,5-bis(3,3-dimethyl-1-butyloxy)phenyl]porphinato)zinc(II)]ethyne (DD) and [(5,-10,20-bis[3,5-bis(3,3-dimethyl-1-butyloxy)phenyl]porphinato)zinc(II)]-[(5',-15'-ethynyl-10',20'-bis(heptafluoropropyl)porphinato)zinc(II)]ethyne (DA), were studied by pump-probe transient absorption spectroscopy and hole burning techniques. Both of these meso-to-meso ethyne-bridged bis[PZn] compounds display intense near-infrared (NIR) transient S(1)-->S(n) absorptions and fast relaxation of their initially prepared, electronically excited Q states. Solvational and conformational relaxation play key roles in both DD and DA ground- and excited-state dynamics; in addition to these processes that drive spectral diffusion, electronically excited DA manifests a 3-fold diminution of S(1)-->S(0) oscillator strength on a 2-20 ps time scale. Both DD and DA display ground-state and time-dependent excited-state conformational heterogeneity; hole burning experiments show that this conformational heterogeneity is reflected largely by the extent of porphyrin-porphyrin conjugation, which varies as a function of the pigment-pigment dihedral angle distribution. While spectral diffusion can be seen for both compounds, rotational dynamics driving configurational averaging (tau approximately 30 ps), along with a small solvational contribution, account for essentially all of the spectral changes observed for electronically excited DD. For DA, supplementary relaxation processes play key roles in the excited-state dynamics. Two fast solvational components (0.27 and 1.7 ps) increase the DA excited-state dipole moment and reduce concomitantly the corresponding S(1)-->S(0) transition oscillator strength; these data show that these effects derive from a time-dependent change of the degree of DA S(1)-state polarization, which is stimulated by solvation and enhanced excited-state inner-sphere structural relaxation.
Automated Verification of Shared Libraries for Backward Binary Compatibility (2010)

This paper discusses a problem of ensuring backward binary compatibility when developing shared libraries. Linux (and GCC environment) is used as the main example. Breakage of the compatibility may result in crashing or incorrect behavior of applications built with an old version of a library when they are running with a new one. The paper describes typical issues that cause binary compatibility problems and presents a new method for library verification for such issues. Existing tools can detect only a small fraction of all possible backward compatibility problems while the suggested method can verify a broad spectrum of them. The method is based on comparison of function signatures and type definitions obtained from library header files in addition to analyzing symbols in library binaries. This paper also describes an automated verification tool that implements the suggested method and presents some results of its practical usage.
PRESSURE EFFECT AND MECHANISM IN ACID CATALYSIS: IV. THE HYDROLYSIS OF DIETHYL ETHER (1959)

The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of diethyl ether has been measured in the temperature range 120–160 °C at low acid concentrations; the entropy of activation is −9.0 ± ~2.5 cal deg− 1 mole− 1 . The effect of pressures up to 3000 atm has been measured at 161.2 °C; the volume of activation at 1 atm is −8.5 ± ~2 cm 3 mole− 1 . These two results show that the slow step is bimolecular. The rate in concentrated acids was measured at 119 °C; the rate was much more nearly proportional to the acidity function h 0 than to concentration of acid. This is contrary to the predictions of the Zucker–Hammett hypothesis, which is therefore not valid for the hydrolysis of diethyl ether.
Information-acquisition-as-a-service for cyber-physical cloud computing (2010)

Data center cloud computing distinguishes computational services such as database transactions and data storage from computational resources such as server farms and disk arrays. Cloud computing enables a software-as-a-service business model where clients may only pay for the service they really need and providers may fully utilize the resources they actually have. The key enabling technology for cloud computing is virtualization. Recent developments, including our own work on virtualization technology for embedded systems, show that service-oriented computing through virtualization may also have tremendous potential on mobile sensor networks where the emphasis is on information acquisition rather than computation and storage. We propose to study the notion of information-acquisitionas-a-service of mobile sensor networks, instead of server farms, for cyber-physical cloud computing. In particular, we discuss the potential capabilities and design challenges of software abstractions and systems infrastructure for performing information acquisition missions using virtualized versions of aerial vehicles deployed on a fleet of high-performance model helicopters. 1
An 8-bit 1 Gsps CMOS pipeline ADC (2004)

An 8-bit 1Gsamples/s CMOS pipeline ADC(analog to digital converter) is designed with an open loop circuit design technique. To achieve the 1 GHz sampling rate, an interleaving technique is used. To get low power consumption and small die area, common blocks, such as, a reference string, bias blocks, interpolation amplifiers and pre-amplifiers in comparator are shared. At the 1 GHz sampling rate, simulation results show that the power consumption is 400 mW including digital logic with a power supply of 1.8 V and the SNDR of 45 dB with an input frequency of 207 MHz. The proposed ADC was designed with 0.18 /spl mu/m 6-Metal 1-Poly CMOS process and occupies an die area of 800 /spl mu/m /spl times/ 950 /spl mu/m. The prototype device is now under fabrication.
The Chlorination of Isophthaloyl and Terephthaloyl Chloride (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chlorination of Isophthaloyl and Terephthaloyl ChlorideNorman RabjohnCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 10, 3518Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01190a513https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01190a513research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of rapid electric battery charging techniques (2020)

Battery powered electric vehicles are gaining popularity worldwide. This is trend is driven by several factors including the need to reduce air and noise pollution, and dependence on fossil fuels. The main drawback of today's electric vehicle is its limited range, and the long time duration that is required to charge the electric batteries. This thesis addresses the latter problem. In recent years, significant progress (through research and development) has been made to accelerate the charging time of the electric vehicle batteries through pulse charging rather than supplying continuous current and/or voltage. Some patented fast charging techniques demonstrated reduced charging times from 8 hours down to 45 minutes, and the current goal is to reduce this to the 10-minute range. This thesis will evaluate the published fast charging techniques in terms of their efficiency, accuracy of state of charge, threat of overcharge and impact of life cycle. The merits of the various battery interrogation techniques will be analyzed through modeling and computer simulation.
Role of αvβ5 and αvβ6 integrin glycosylation in the adhesion of a colonic adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29-D4) (1996)

We have previously characterized the expression of the alpha nu beta 5 and alpha nu beta 6 integrins as major receptors for the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29-D4), on vitronectin and fibronectin, respectively [Lehmann et al. (1994): Cancer Res 54:2102-2107]. In the present work we investigated the glycosylation role of these integrins in their adhesive functions. To this end, we used glycohydrolases to show that cell surface integrins were N-glycosylated and sialylated, and that only the alpha v subunit carried some immature oligosaccharide side chains. To alter the glycosylation state of the cell surface alpha v beta 5 and alpha v beta 6 integrins, we used two oligosaccharide-processing inhibitors: 1-deoxymannojirimycin (dMNJ) and tunicamycin (TM). Following treatment of HT29-D4 cells with dMNJ, cell surface alpha v beta 5 and alpha v beta 6 carried only high-mannose-type sugar chains, while TM-treated cells expressed de-N-glycosylated integrins. Neither alpha/beta heterodimers assembly nor cell surface expression were impaired in the presence of the drugs. Finally, we established that adhesion of dMNJ- or TM-treated cells was altered on both vitronectin and fibronectin substrata, whereas the adhesion of these cells on laminin or collagen type I was virtually unchanged.
Personal Mobile Hub (2004)

As advances are made in wearable computing, there is a need for a personal mobile hub that can manage interactions between the wearable devices and act as a proxy for these devices. In this paper we describe why this is a good model, why the interfaces need to be open, and why different parties in the value chain, such as wireless service providers and device manufacturers, may prefer such architecture. Our personal mobile hub supports multiple wireless protocols, some short range and some wide area so that the power of the Internet is available even to body worn sensors. We describe custom hardware that we built for this purpose and also the software necessary to make this concept work. We have tested out this architecture with an end-to-end application. The working system was demonstrated at the annual IBM Stockholders meeting in 2004 and is also available for customers to see at the IBM Industry Solutions Lab in Zurich.
Volterra characterization of neural networks (2002)

The authors analyze the application of the Volterra theory of nonlinear systems to neural networks. Expressions for efficiently computing the Volterra kernels of both a single hidden layer feedforward neural network and a recurrent one are presented. The authors also address the issue of functional representation of the recurrent neural network architecture and delineate a class of systems that can be approximated by this model. Computer simulations are also presented which indicate that neural networks characterization by their Volterra expansion may be useful in optimal architecture selection and assessment of learning and generalization.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Microbial Reduction of Crystalline Iron(III) Oxides:  Influence of Oxide Surface Area and Potential for Cell Growth (1996)

Quantitative aspects of microbial crystalline iron- (III) oxide reduction were examined using a dissimilatory iron(III) oxide-reducing bacterium (Shewanella alga strain BrY). The initial rate and long-term extent of reduction of a range of synthetic iron(III) oxides were linearly correlated with oxide surface area. Oxide reduction rates reached an asymptote at cell concentrations in excess of ≈1 x 109/m2 of oxide surface. Experiments with microbially reduced goethite that had been washed with pH 5 sodium acetate to remove adsorbed Fe(II) suggested that formation of a Fe(II) surface phase (adsorbed or precipitated) limited the extent of iron(III) oxide reduction. These results demonstrated explicitly that the rate and extent of microbial iron (III) oxide reduction is controlled by the surface area and site concentration of the solid phase. Strain BrY grew in media with synthetic goethite as the sole electron acceptor. The quantity of cells produced per micromole of goethite reduced (2.5 X 106) was comparable to that determined previously for growth of BrY and other dissimilatory Fe (III)- reducing bacteria coupled to amorphous iron(III) oxide reduction. BrY reduced a substantial fraction (8-18%) of the crystalline iron(III) oxide content of a variety of soil and subsurface materials, and several cultures containing these materials were transferred repeatedly with continued active Fe(III) reduction. These findings indicate that Fe(III)- reducing bacteria may be able to survive and produce significant quantities of Fe(II) in anaerobic soil and subsurface environments where crystalline iron(III) oxides (e.g., goethite) are the dominant forms of Fe- (III) available for microbial reduction. Results suggest that the potential for cell growth and Fe (II) generation will be determined by the iron (III) oxide surface site concentration in the soil or sediment matrix.
Casing wear caused by tooljoint hardfacing (1983)

Casing wear due to new tooljoint hardfacings such as fine-mesh tungsten-carbide hardfacing and a hardfacing covered with a layer of relatively soft material have been tested in the laboratory. The tests have been performed on a full-scale test facility simulating field conditions in terms of forces, motions and fluids as closely as possible. The test equipment and procedure are described. The major casing wear mechanisms by tooljoints are given. Wear mechanisms can be classified in terms of mild, normal and severe. In this paper it is shown that proper understanding of these mechanisms could lead to measures to achieve mild casing wear. These mechanisms are illustrated with test results.
Chemistry of Succinyl Succinic Acid Derivatives. Part V. On the transesterification of succinyl succinates (1979)

Abstract The unique stabilization of the ester link in dialkyl succinyl succinates is explained and a facile route to known as well as to hitherto inaccessible succinyl succinates is suggested. New representatives of this series are described.
A Camshaft Torque Actuated Vane Style VCT Phaser (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">BorgWarner has developed a continuously variable vane style VCT camshaft phaser that, differing from the oil pressure actuated phasers in production, utilizes camshaft torque energy, not oil pump flow, to actuate. This VCT phaser has several distinct advantages, low oil flow requirements and fast response rates even at low RPM. The low oil flow requirement, allows this Cam Phaser to easily adapt to existing engine platforms without major engine modifications or increases in oil pump size. For new engine designs a smaller oil pump can be selected and thereby improve overall engine efficiency. Since the phaser responds to camshaft torque energy and actuates independent of oil pressure, fast response rates are available from idle on up through the engine operating range, allowing the engine calibrator to adopt a more aggressive approach to camshaft timing. Low oil flow requirements, fast response rates at all RPM and minimal engine modifications are all advantages of this new VCT cam Phaser.</div>