gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Project Scheduling Conflict Identification and Resolution Using Genetic Algorithms (2010)

Project management is one very critical task of development activity. Project management is traditionally defined as the discipline of planning, organizing, and managing activities and resources for successful execution and completion of project goals and objectives. In this respect, project management holds a key position in satisfactory completion of projects. Project management for software holds the same importance in software development. That is the reason that we have a complete knowledge domain we know as software project management (SPM). Software project management aims to achieve all the project goals and objectives while working within the constraints posed by project environment and stakeholders. These constraints include (but not limited to) time, scope, resources, resource allocation and optimization etc. While managing software projects, it is natural to be confronted with various conflicts of different natures. A good project management activity is one which can effectively foresee these conflicts and resolve them in an optimal fashion. In this paper, a genetic algorithm based technique for conflict identification and resolution for project activities has been proposed. The effectiveness and utility of such a technique has also been discussed in this paper.
DCCB and SCC based fast circuit partition algorithm for parallel SPICE simulation (2009)

With the rapid scale growing of VLSI circuits, simulation speed and efficiency of CAD tool SPICE have turned out to be a bottleneck. Real VLSI circuit design simulation becomes unbearably time-consuming and urgent is the need to increase its efficiency. The emergence and thriving of multi-core systems in recent years offer a promising solution strategy to this problem. Circuit partition is required to these strategies, but traditional partition algorithms encounter difficulties when facing VLSI circuits for parallel simulation. This paper presents an efficient circuit partition algorithm specially designed for VLSI circuit partition and parallel simulation. The algorithm is established on recognizing DCCB and SCC. Our algorithm shows preferable solution quality and speedup for real experimental circuit designs compared with traditional ones <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
Chromatic Correction in the CEBAF Beam Transport System (1991)

The CEBAF accelerator beam transport system contains 104 sextupoles to correct chromatic aberrations. We describe the layout of these elements and discuss schemes for suppressing chromatic errors. Analytic results for the required sextupole strengths are given and computations of chromatic aberrations are documented. Numerical results using two correction methods are provided.
Hardware acceleration of video quality metrics (2020)

Quality Metrics (QM) provide an objective way to measure perceived video quality. These metrics are very compute intensive and are currently done in software. In this paper, we propose an accelerator that can compute metrics like single scale and multi-scale Structural Similarity Index (SSIM, MS_SSIM) and Visual Information Fidelity (VIF). The proposed accelerator offers an energy efficient solution compared to traditional CPUs. It improves memory bandwidth utilization by computing multiple Quality metrics simultaneously.
Dietary Supplementation With Methionine and Homocysteine Promotes Early Atherosclerosis but Not Plaque Rupture in ApoE-Deficient Mice (2001)

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for atherothrombosis. However, causality is unproven, and it remains unknown whether hyperhomocysteinemia promotes atherosclerosis, plaque rupture, and/or thrombosis. We evaluated the short- and long-term effects of hyperhomocysteinemia on plaque size and structure in 99 atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Hyperhomocysteinemia was induced by methionine (Met) or homocysteine (HcyH) supplementation: low Met (+11 g Met/kg food), high Met (+33 g Met/kg food), low HcyH (0.9 g HcyH/L drinking water), and high HcyH (1.8 g HcyH/L drinking water). Met and HcyH supplementation significantly raised plasma total homocysteine levels by 4- to 16-fold above those observed in mice fed a control diet (up to 146.1 micromol/L). Compared with controls, aortic root plaque size was significantly larger in supplemented groups after 3 months (56% and 173% larger in high-Met and high-HcyH, respectively) but not after 12 months. Hyperhomocysteinemia was associated with an increase in the amount of collagen in plaques after both 3 and 12 months. Mechanical testing of the tail tendons revealed no weakening of collagen after 12 months of hyperhomocysteinemia. Many plaques in both control and supplemented mice appeared rupture prone morphologically, but all aortic root plaques and all but 1 coronary plaque had an intact surface without rupture or thrombosis. Thus, diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia promotes early atherosclerosis and plaque fibrosis but does not, even in the long term, weaken collagen or induce plaque rupture.
Unique tomographic reconstruction of vector fields using boundary data (1992)

The problem of reconstructing a vector field v(r) from its line integrals (through some domain D) is generally undetermined since v(r) is defined by two component functions. When v(r) is decomposed into its irrotational and solenoidal components, it is shown that the solenoidal part is uniquely determined by the line integrals of v(r). This is demonstrated in a particularly simple manner in the Fourier domain using a vector analog of the well-known projection slice theorem. In addition, under the constraint that v (r) is divergenceless in D, a formula for the scalar potential phi(r) is given in terms of the normal component of v(r) on the boundary D. An important application of vector tomography, i.e., a fluid velocity field from reciprocal acoustic travel time measurements or Doppler backscattering measurements, is considered.
New agents for the treatment of infarcted myocardium (2000)

Local delivery of angiogenic growth factors for the treatment of myocardial ischemia has been well documented in various animal models, and clinical trials are now in progress. Our strategy was radically different, based on selective protection of some of the growth factors naturally present within the injured tissue. This protection was obtained by applying a chemically defined substitute for Dextran called RGTA11 (for ReGeneraTing Agent). RGTA is a family of agents, which has properties mimicking those of heparan sulfates toward heparin-binding growth factors (HBGF) and which stimulate tissue repair and protection. Indeed, we have previously shown that RGTA prevents most of the damage resulting from acute skeletal muscle ischemia [FASEB J. (1999) 13, 761-766]. We now show that the same agent can be used for the treatment of myocardial infarction. Acute myocardial infarction was induced in pigs by ligation of the left circumflex artery. One hour later, a single injection of 10 mg of RGTA11 was made in the center of the infarcted area. Three weeks later we observed 1) recovery of 84% of the initial left ventricular ejection fraction (only 55% in saline-treated controls), 2) an almost 50% reduction in the infarct size, 3) a reduction in fibrotic tissue formation, 4) significant preservation of myocytes, and 5) an increase in the number of blood vessels. The treatment of ischemic heart disease with RGTA would have clear advantages over other therapies such as growth factor, gene, or cell transplants, based on a stable, simple, and easy-to-develop chemical product.
Nitric Oxide Inhibits Preterm Labor in the Rhesus Monkey (1993)

Progression of mammalian pregnancy requires relaxation of uterine smooth muscle until parturition, but the mechanism that maintains uterine relaxation during pregnancy is unknown. Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical with a variety of physiologic functions including smooth muscle relaxation. We hypothesized that NO may relax uterine smooth muscle and inhibit preterm labor. In chronically catheterized rhesus monkeys, NO administered as S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) ablated the uterine electromyographic and mechanical contraction components of established preterm labor. These preliminary studies suggest that NO may be important in maintaining uterine quiescence during pregnancy, and exogenous NO may be useful in controlling preterm labor.
Measuring the Effects of Remifentanil on Cerebral Blood Flow and Arterial Arrival Time Using 3D Grase MRI with Pulsed Arterial Spin Labelling (2008)

Arterial spin labelling (ASL) has proved to be a promising magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to measure brain perfusion. In this study, volumetric three-dimensional (3D) gradient and spin echo (GRASE) ASL was used to produce cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial arrival time (AAT) maps during rest and during an infusion of remifentanil. Gradient and spin echo ASL perfusion-weighted images were collected at multiple inflow times (500 to 2,500 ms in increments of 250 ms) to accurately fit an ASL perfusion model. Fit estimates were assessed using z-statistics, allowing voxels with a poor fit to be excluded from subsequent analyses. Nonparametric permutation testing showed voxels with a significant difference in CBF and AAT between conditions across a group of healthy participants (N=10). Administration of remifentanil produced an increase in end-tidal CO(2), an increase in CBF from 57+/-12.0 to 77+/-18.4 mL/100 g tissue per min and a reduction in AAT from 0.73+/-0.073 to 0.64+/-0.076 sec. Within grey matter, remifentanil produced a cerebrovascular response of 5.7+/-1.60 %CBF per mm Hg. Significant differences between physiologic conditions were observed in both CBF and AAT maps, indicating that 3D GRASE-ASL has the sensitivity to study changes in physiology at a voxel level.
A Role for the GCC-Box in Jasmonate-Mediated Activation of the <i>PDF1.2</i> Gene of Arabidopsis (2003)

The PDF1.2 gene of Arabidopsis encoding a plant defensin is commonly used as a marker for characterization of the jasmonate-dependent defense responses. Here, using PDF1.2 promoter-deletion lines linked to the beta-glucoronidase-reporter gene, we examined putative promoter elements associated with jasmonate-responsive expression of this gene. Using stably transformed plants, we first characterized the extended promoter region that positively regulates basal expression from the PDF1.2 promoter. Second, using promoter deletion constructs including one from which the GCC-box region was deleted, we observed a substantially lower response to jasmonate than lines carrying this motif. In addition, point mutations introduced into the core GCC-box sequence substantially reduced jasmonate responsiveness, whereas addition of a 20-nucleotide-long promoter element carrying the core GCC-box and flanking nucleotides provided jasmonate responsiveness to a 35S minimal promoter. Taken together, these results indicated that the GCC-box plays a key role in conferring jasmonate responsiveness to the PDF1.2 promoter. However, deletion or specific mutations introduced into the core GCC-box did not completely abolish the jasmonate responsiveness of the promoter, suggesting that the other promoter elements lying downstream from the GCC-box region may also contribute to jasmonate responsiveness. In other experiments, we identified a jasmonate- and pathogen-responsive ethylene response factor transcription factor, AtERF2, which when overexpressed in transgenic Arabidopsis plants activated transcription from the PDF1.2, Thi2.1, and PR4 (basic chitinase) genes, all of which contain a GCC-box sequence in their promoters. Our results suggest that in addition to their roles in regulating ethylene-mediated gene expression, ethylene response factors also appear to play important roles in regulating jasmonate-responsive gene expression, possibly via interaction with the GCC-box.
Rapid Thiol‐Yne‐Mediated Fabrication and Dual Postfunctionalization of Micro‐Resolved 3D Mesostructures (2015)

3D mesostructures with a height of up to 1 mm and micrometer feature size are fabricated employing a writing speed of 1 cm s −1 via direct laser writing utilizing a novel functional photoresist based on the radical coupling reaction of thiols and alkynes. The refractive index of the resist—consisting of a tetrafunctional thiol, a tetrafunctional alkyne and a photoinitiator—is tailored to be compatible with the employed high numerical aperture (NA) objective lens, thus enabling a Dip‐in configuration. Mesostructures are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, optical photography, and nondestructive 3D time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Woodpile photonic crystals are fabricated as benchmark structures in order to investigate the axial resolution. Verification of the chemical fabrication mechanism is achieved via transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of fabricated cuboid structures by monitoring the decrease of corresponding thiol and alkyne absorption peaks. Postmodification reactions, namely the thiol‐Michael addition and the copper‐catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition, are conducted employing residual thiols and alkynes throughout the cuboid structures. Successful dual and orthogonal modification throughout the structure and on the surface is achieved and verified utilizing transmission FTIR spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry.
Recovery of shape and surface reflectance of specular object from rotation of light source (2003)

We present a method for recovery of shape and surface reflectance of specular object from color images taken with the light source rotating. The image sequence is taken with a fixed camera while the light source is relatively rotating around the axis parallel to the optical axis of the camera. We derive the relationship between the body reflectance at every object surface point and the rotating angle of the object. For the adapting specular reflectance case, we develop the algorithm to extract only the body reflectance component which obeys the derived relationship for estimating surface normals and the body reflectance component. As a result, the object shape and body reflectance distribution of the object surface can be recovered. In addition to this, reflectance parameters of specularity are also estimated by minimizing the fitting error of the specular reflectance model. For demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method, we show the shape, body reflectance, and specular reflectance of specular objects, which are successfully recovered by the proposed method.
Structure–Activity Relationships through Sequencing (StARTS) Defines Optimal and Suboptimal RNA Motif Targets for Small Molecules (2010)

Hitting the target: A combined computational and experimental approach defines optimal and suboptimal RNA motifs as targets for small molecules through two-dimensional combinatorial screening. The method, termed structure–activity relationships through sequencing (StARTS), uses information from the sequences of the RNA motifs selected to bind a ligand. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Method to detect a temperature rise in superconducting coils with piezoelectric sensors (1983)

A shift in the frequency spectrum of a structure induced by a local temperature rise is measured. This technique of detecting shifts in the frequency spectrum of a structure may be used to detect slight temperature-induced changes in stress distribution, which are in turn caused by local perturbation in the temperature distribution in the structure. Results from a small superconducting coil are presented.
Effects of moisture control, addition of glucose, inoculation of lactic acid bacteria and crushing process on the fermentation quality of rice grain silage (2013)

Abstract To identify the best ensiling process and moisture content for rice grain silage, we determined the effects of additive (i.e. no additive, glucose additive or lactic acid bacteria [ LAB ] inoculation), crushing process (non‐crushing or crushing) and moisture control (none [13.6%], 20.0, 27.5, 35.0, 42.5 or 50.0% moisture content [in fresh matter, FM ]) on rough rice and brown rice. Forage rice harvested at the fully ripe stage was ensiled in small‐scale experiments, and the silage was stored for 60 days. Regardless of the use of additives or LAB inoculation, the pH values tended to decrease with increasing moisture content. LAB inoculation and crushing resulted in low pH values, low butyric acid contents, low ethanol contents and high lactic acid contents, and the lactic acid content increased to more than 2.0% in FM at moisture contents of 27.5% and higher. The parameters of fermentation quality ( pH , lactic acid, butyric acid, volatile basic nitrogen and ethanol content) were affected by not only the main effect of additive, crushing process and moisture control but also two‐way or three‐way interaction effects. LAB inoculation and crushing improved the lactic acid fermentation under lower moisture conditions, that is, 27.5% moisture content. In both rough rice and brown rice, we suggest that the appropriate pretreatment is the combined use of LAB inoculation, crushing process and controlling 27.5% moisture content.
Innovative approach to low-level gluten determination in foods using a novel sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay protocol (2003)

We present a new generation of a robust sandwich R5-ELISA with good reproducibility (8.7%) and repeatability (7.7%). Its gluten-detection limit of 3.2 ppm is lower than the existing threshold of 20-200 ppm. The ELISA, which is equally sensitive to barley, wheat and rye prolamins, is compatible with the quantitative cocktail extraction procedure for heat-processed foods. Along with the cocktail procedure, the Working Group on Prolamin Analysis and Toxicity is currently evaluating an R5-ELISA system as proposed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.
BACTERIOSTATS: V. THE PREPARATION AND BACTERIOSTATIC PROPERTIES OF AMIDINE DERIVATIVES (1961)

A number of polyamidines, N-substituted amidines, and diamidines were prepared for evaluation as bacteriostats. N,N′-Bis-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-sebacamidine dihydrochloride was the most active compound prepared in this investigation.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation of Adenine, Adenosine, and NAD+ with 1,3‐Propanesultone. Synthesis of N6‐(3‐Sulfonatopropyl)‐NAD+, a New NAD+ Derivative with Substantial Coenzyme Activity. (1988)

Abstract The reaction of adenosine (I) with the sultone (II) gives the 1‐alkylation product (III), which is subsequently isomerized to (IV).
The expression of metastasis suppressor <i>MIM/MTSS1</i> is regulated by DNA methylation (2006)

MIM/MTSS1 was initially described as a gene missing in invasive bladder cancer cell lines. Functional analysis revealed that MIM is an actin binding protein involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. MIM was shown to be sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling dependent and synergizes with the effects of Gli transcription factors. Overexpression of MIM in cell lines leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation. In this study, we showed that the inhibition of cell growth by MIM is anchorage independent. We identified and cloned the promoter region of MIM and located the main promoter activity to 276 bp of 5' flanking sequence sited within a CpG island. Analysis of DNA methylation using bisulphite sequencing revealed that MIM promoter is methylated in its 5' region in cells and tissue samples with reduced endogenous MIM expression. Using luciferase reporter assay, we demonstrated that nonmethylated MIM promoter has a similar activity in cell lines with different endogenous MIM expression. Inhibition of DNA methylation by 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine led to upregulation of MIM expression in a low expressing cell line. In conclusion, we clearly demonstrate here that the expression of metastasis suppressor MIM is regulated by DNA methylation of a CpG island within its promoter region.
A Seven-degrees-of-freedom Robot-arm Driven by Pneumatic Artificial Muscles for Humanoid Robots (2005)

Braided pneumatic artificial muscles, and in particular the better known type with a double helical braid usually called the McKibben muscle, seem to be at present the best means for motorizing robot-arms with artificial muscles. Their ability to develop high maximum force associated with lightness and a compact cylindrical shape, as well as their analogical behavior with natural skeletal muscle were very well emphasized in the 1980s by the development of the Bridgestone “soft robot” actuated by “rubbertuators”. Recent publications have presented ways for modeling McKibben artificial muscle as well as controlling its highly non-linear dynamic behavior. However, fewer studies have concentrated on analyzing the integration of artificial muscles with robot-arm architectures since the first Bridgestone prototypes were designed. In this paper we present the design of a 7R anthropomorphic robot-arm entirely actuated by antagonistic McKibben artificial muscle pairs. The validation of the robot-arm architecture was performed in a teleoperation mode.
The Role of Steroids in Acute Spinal Cord Injury (2001)

From an evidence-based approach, methylprednisolone cannot be recommended for routine use in acute nonpenetrating SCI. Prolonged administration of high-dose steroids (48 hours) may be harmful to the patient. Until more evidence is forthcoming, methylprednisolone should be considered to have investigational (unproven) status only.
Autoimmune diabetes can be induced in transgenic major histocompatibility complex class II-deficient mice. (1993)

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease marked by hyperglycemia and mononuclear cell infiltration of insulin-producing beta islet cells. Predisposition to IDDM in humans has been linked to the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and islet cells often become aberrantly class II positive during the course of the disease. We have used two recently described transgenic lines to investigate the role of class II molecules and CD4+ T cells in the onset of autoimmune insulitis. Mice that are class II deficient secondary to a targeted disruption of the A beta b gene were bred to mice carrying a transgene for the lymphocytic choriomenigitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein (GP) targeted to the endocrine pancreas. Our results indicate that class II-deficient animals with and without the GP transgene produce a normal cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to whole LCMV. After infection with LCMV, GP-transgenic class II-deficient animals develop hyperglycemia as rapidly as their class II-positive littermates. Histologic examination of tissue sections from GP-transgenic class II-deficient animals reveals lymphocytic infiltrates of the pancreatic islets that are distinguishable from those of their class II-positive littermates only by the absence of infiltrating CD4+ T cells. These results suggest that in this model of autoimmune diabetes, CD4+ T cells and MHC class II molecules are not required for the development of disease.
Phenylbutazone: factors influencing plasma concentrations. (1977)

The author points out that whilst the total metabolic fate of phenylbutazone in man is better understood, discrepancies between single and multiple dose half-lives, as shown in the studies described, still remain to be explained. It is concluded that the mechanism responsible for limiting the plasma concentration of phenylbutazone when doses are increased requires further study.