gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of <i>Bupleurum falcatum</i> and its combination with an angiotensin II receptor blocker on cytokine and chemokine expression in human mesangial cells (2009)

This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Bupleurum falcatum and its combination with angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) on cytokine and chemokine production in cultured human mesangial cells. Human mesangial cells were isolated and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium culture medium. Bupleurum falcatum, ARB, and the combination of the two were added to human mesangial cells. Cytokine and chemokine levels were analysed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. There were no significant differences in the expression of IL-1ss, IL-2 or TNF-a between controls and the experimental groups. However, IL-11 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels were significantly reduced in response to ARB, Bupleurum falcatum, or their combination when compared with controls. IL-8 expression was reduced significantly only in cells treated with ARB. Both Bupleurum falcatum and ARB treatments alone reduced the cytokine concentration, but there was not a stronger reduction when the two drugs were combined. It was shown that Bupleurum falcatum inhibited cytokine production in human mesangial cells. However, there were no additive effects on the suppression of cytokine production when Bupleurum falcatum was combined with ARB. Further studies are needed to elucidate the renoprotective effects of Bupleurum falcatum.
PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib in combination with BTK inhibitor ONO/GS-4059 in diffuse large B cell lymphoma with acquired resistance to PI3Kδ and BTK inhibitors (2017)

Activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma relies on B-cell receptor signaling to drive proliferation and survival. Downstream of the B-cell receptor, the key signaling kinases Bruton's tyrosine kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ offer opportunities for therapeutic intervention by agents such as ibrutinib, ONO/GS-4059, and idelalisib. Combination therapy with such targeted agents could provide enhanced efficacy due to complimentary mechanisms of action. In this study, we describe both the additive interaction of and resistance mechanisms to idelalisib and ONO/GS-4059 in a model of activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Significant tumor regression was observed with a combination of PI3Kδ and Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the mouse TMD8 xenograft. Acquired resistance to idelalisib in the TMD8 cell line occurred by loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog and phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway upregulation, but not by mutation of PIK3CD. Sensitivity to idelalisib could be restored by combining idelalisib and ONO/GS-4059. Further evaluation of targeted inhibitors revealed that the combination of idelalisib and the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 inhibitor GSK2334470 or the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 could partially overcome resistance. Characterization of acquired Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance revealed a novel tumor necrosis factor alpha induced protein 3 mutation (TNFAIP3 Q143*), which led to a loss of A20 protein, and increased p-IκBα. The combination of idelalisib and ONO/GS-4059 partially restored sensitivity in this resistant line. Additionally, a mutation in Bruton's tyrosine kinase at C481F was identified as a mechanism of resistance. The combination activity observed with idelalisib and ONO/GS-4059, taken together with the ability to overcome resistance, could lead to a new therapeutic option in activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. A clinical trial is currently underway to evaluate the combination of idelalisib and ONO/GS-4059 (NCT02457598).
The causes, prevention, and clinical management of broken endodontic rotary files. (2005)

Complications can occur during many dental procedures. The prepared clinician responds by either correcting the problem during treatment, or, ideally, preventing the problem from occurring in the first place. In endodontic treatment separated rotary Ni-Ti files are a common procedural problem. Through understanding that the main causes of file breakage are cyclic fatigue and torsional stress, a dentist can best prevent this occurrence by using hand files before rotary files, creating a straight-line (glide path) access into a canal, and preflaring the coronal portion before using rotary files in the apical third of the canal. In addition, using an up and down motion with the electric slow-speed handpiece (not allowing the file to bind within the canal) will significantly reduce the incidence of file breakage. If a file does break, successful removal primarily depends on the location of the file in the canal rather than the specific technique employed for removal. A case does not necessarily fail if the separated file cannot be removed. The prognosis when file separation occurs can still be favorable, especially if care was taken to reduce the critical concentration of canal debris with hand instrumentation and chemical irrigation prior to rotary file insertion. In addition, the introduction of a new CS file design will help the dentist increase the chance of removing the file in the event of breakage.
Ga[sub 1−x]Al[sub x]As-GaAs P-P-N Heterojunction Solar Cells (1973)

Solar cells consisting of have been fabricated by the liquid phase epitaxial growth of on substrates. The spectral response of the cells has been used to calculate the absorption coefficient of the alloy layer; the coefficient varies as , and indirect bandgaps of 2.071 and 2.094 eV for compositions of and , respectively, are indicated. The solar cell characteristics were measured in sunlight at Air Masses of 0.9 and 1.3 and in simulated sunlight at Air Mass 0; the open‐circuit voltages ranged from 0.97 to 1.0V, the short‐circuit currents from 20 to 22.5 mA/cm2, and the efficiencies (corrected for contact area) from 11.7 to 12.8% at Air Mass 0 and a temperature of 80°F. The short‐ circuit current and open‐circuit voltage increase and decrease, respectively, linearly with temperature. The efficiency has a maximum at around −75°C, and decreases at a rate of 0.022% per °C up to 200°C and at over twice that rate above 200°C. Efficiencies of almost 6% at 300°C and over 3% at 350° C were measured using a quartz‐halogen light source that simulates Air Mass 1.
Extending dependencies with conditions for data cleaning (2008)

Data cleaning aims to effectively detect and repair errors and inconsistencies in real life data. The increasing costs and risks of dirty data highlight the need for data cleaning techniques. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in data cleaning, based on conditional dependencies, an extension of functional and inclusion dependencies for characterizing the consistency of relational data.
Engineering the oil binding capacity and crystallinity of self-assembled fibrillar networks of 12-hydroxystearic acid in edible oils (2008)

The crystallinity and oil binding capacity of 12-hydroxystearic acid (12HSA)-vegetable oil organogels was modified by changing the post-crystallization annealing temperature from 5 °C to 30 °C for 24 h. The gels stored at 5 °C had a highly branched crystalline structure with small uniform pores, as determined by cryo-scanning electron microscopy. Large T2proton relaxation peaks at 50 to 70 ms determined by pulse nuclear magnetic resonance (pNMR) suggested the presence of highly immobilized oil at 5 °C. When the gels were stored at 30 °C, longer fibers and a less branched network were observed. At 30 °C, the 12HSA network's crystallinity was enhanced with fewer inclusions of liquid oil as determined by pNMR. When the gels were stored at 30 °C, a significantly shorter T2 relaxation peak was observed. The increased crystallinity, at 30 °C, was attributed to a reduction in bulk supersaturation, resulting in a very high crystallographic mismatch nucleation barrier (ΔG*) which favored one-dimensional fiber growth. However, at a lower crystallization temperature of 5 °C, there is an increase in the supersaturation and hence the crystallographic mismatch barrier is significantly lower, increasing fiber tip branching. The nucleation-growth-branching-growth model for self-assembled fibrillar networks explains the differences in crystallinity, pore size and oil syneresis observed for the 12HSA-vegetable oil organogels. It was found that the gels stored at 30 °C syneresised 1.35 times faster than the gels stored at 5 °C. Furthermore, the change in the T2 relaxations and the ratio of the complex viscosity/pore radius were 1.35 and 1.30 respectively.
The Roles of Negative Career Thoughts and Sense of Coherence in Predicting Career Decision Status (2010)

The relationship between sense of coherence and negative career thoughts was investigated in a non-college-based population to determine the relationship and predictive value of these factors toward career decision status. Participants completed the Orientation to Life Questionnaire, Career Thoughts Inventory, and Career Decision Profile’s decidedness and decisiveness subscales. Results indicated strong inverse relationships between sense of coherence and negative career thinking. Regression analysis indicated that sense of coherence and negative career thoughts together accounted for 15% of the variance of career decidedness but 38% of the variance of decisiveness. Implications for counselling are discussed.
Multi-Modal CAPTCHA: A User Verification Scheme (2011)

CAPTCHA is an automated test that humans can pass, but current computer programs can't pass any program that has high success over a CAPTCHA can be used to solve an unsolved Artificial Intelligence (AI) problem. The most widely used CAPTCHAs rely on the sophisticated distortion of text images rendering them unrecognizable to the state of the art of pattern recognition techniques, and these text-based schemes have found widespread applications in commercial websites like free email service providers, social networking sites and online auction sites. The increase in bots breaking CAPTCHAs shows the ineffectiveness of the text-based CAPTCHAs that are used on most websites and Webmail services today. Bots can easily read the distorted letters and words using optical character recognition (OCR) or break the CAPTCHA using a dictionary attack. The weakness of each CAPTCHA scheme is summarized; accordingly we make an approach to build our CAPTCHA method. Considering the case study results and including other points which may pose difficulty for the OCR systems,we proposed a new technique to build a CAPTCHA which is multi-modal (Picture and Text based). An image is being rendered on the screen and many text labels drawn over it. A user has to identify the correct name of the underlying image among the set of text labels that are scattered over it, in order to pass a human verification test. We also proposed to use cursive text instead of plain text labels.
Stoichiometric packaging of the three genomic segments of double-stranded RNA bacteriophage Φ6 (1997)

A model that explains the stoichiometric packaging of the chromosomes of phi6, a bacteriophage with a genome of three unique double-stranded RNA segments, is proposed and supported. Ordered switches in packaging specificity and RNA synthesis are determined by the amount of RNA within the procapsid. The plus strand of segment S binds to one of several sites on the outside of the empty procapsid. The RNA enters and the procapsid expands so that the S sites are lost and M sites appear. Packaging of segment M results in the loss of the M sites and the appearance of the L sites. Packaging of L readies the particle for minus-strand synthesis. If any of the segments is less than normal size, packaging of that class of segments continues until the normal content of RNA for that segment is packaged and the binding sites then change.
Dengue and Chikungunya Virus Infection in Man in Thailand, 1962–1964 (1969)

Data collected from areas of Thailand outside Bangkok during 1962 through 1964 were analyzed with special reference to similarities or differences in the epidemiologic, clinical, or virologic features in hospitalized cases of hemorrhagic fever to disease observed in Bangkok. In 1964, major outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever were reported in Northeast Thailand in communities with no previous history of this disease. During the study, 8,184 patients were hospitalized, and 557 died. The sex distribution and seasonal incidence of cases were similar to those in Bangkok; mortality rates were higher. Hospitalization rates in rural communities were often more than 10 times higher than the average for the metropolitan area. The modal age of hospitalized hemorrhagic fever patients "up-country" averaged 2 years older than in Bangkok outbreaks. In nearly all studied outbreaks, most patients had evidence of a dengue infection with secondary antibody response. Dengue infections were documented in schoolchildren resident in three localities in Thailand in 1963 in the absence of overt dengue hemorrhagic fever. In a 1962 survey the proportion of young adult males in all sections of the country except North Thailand with dengue type 1 HI antibody was similar to that in a matched group of Bangkok residents. The "new" outbreaks of dengue hemorrhagic fever reported in 1964, therefore, may not have been related to introduction of novel "hemorrhagenic" dengue viruses in susceptible populations, but probably were due to a dengue epidemic in a population with previous "silent" dengue experience.
1.4V 13&#x03BC;W 83dB DR CT-&#x03A3;&#x0394; modulator with Dual-Slope quantizer and PWM DAC for biopotential signal acquisition (2011)

High-resolution Sigma-Delta (ΣΔ) ADCs are increasingly used in portable medical applications for the measurement of biopotential signals. This paper presents the implementation and measurements of a novel ultra-low power low voltage multi-bit continuous-time sigma-delta (CT-ΣΔ) modulator, whose quantizer and feedback DACs operate in the time domain. Instead of the conventional flash quantizer and mismatch corrected multi-bit feedback DACs, a Dual-Slope (DS) quantizer and a Pulse-Width Modulated (PWM) DACs have been adopted in this design. The modulator has been implemented in a standard 0.18μm CMOS technology and features 83dB dynamic-range (DR) for a signal bandwidth of 256Hz. When clocked at 917kHz it consumes 13.3μW from a 1.4V supply.
Aggregate G-Buffer Anti-Aliasing (2015)

Figure 1: Large image rendered with Agregate G-Buffer Anti-Aliasing (AGAA). The AGAA results (red outlines) shade only twice per pixel, give comparable results to the MSAA reference image shaded eight times per pixel, and use 33 % less memory. AGAA reduces aliasing by prefiltering the scene’s sub-pixel geometric detail (foliage, thin railings, etc.) into an aggregate G-buffer that models the distribution of geometry projecting into each pixel. We present Aggregate G-Buffer Anti-Aliasing (AGAA), a new technique for efficient anti-aliased deferred rendering of complex geometry using modern graphics hardware. In geometrically com-plex situations, where many surfaces intersect a pixel, current ren-dering systems shade each contributing surface at least once per pixel. As the sample density and geometric complexity increase, the shading cost becomes prohibitive for real-time rendering. Under deferred shading, so does the required framebuffer memory. AGAA uses the rasterization pipeline to generate a compact, pre-filtered geometric representation inside each pixel. We then shade this at a fixed rate, independent of geometric complexity. By decoupling shading rate from geometric sampling rate, the algorithm reduces the storage and bandwidth costs of a geometry buffer, and allows scaling to high visibility sampling rates for anti-aliasing. AGAA with 2 aggregate surfaces per-pixel generates results comparable to 8x MSAA, but requires 30 % less memory (45 % savings for 16x MSAA), and is up to 1.3x faster.
The Reaction of Organosilanes with Sodium-Potassium Alloy (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Organosilanes with Sodium-Potassium AlloyRobert A. Benkeser and Donald J. FosterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 16, 4200–4201Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01136a503https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01136a503research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Efficient Optimization Framework for Multi-Region Segmentation Based on Lagrangian Duality (2012)

We introduce a multi-region model for simultaneous segmentation of medical images. In contrast to many other models, geometric constraints such as inclusion and exclusion between the regions are enforced, which makes it possible to correctly segment different regions even if the intensity distributions are identical. We efficiently optimize the model using a combination of graph cuts and Lagrangian duality which is faster and more memory efficient than current state of the art. As the method is based on global optimization techniques, the resulting segmentations are independent of initialization. We apply our framework to the segmentation of the left and right ventricles, myocardium and the left ventricular papillary muscles in magnetic resonance imaging and to lung segmentation in full-body X-ray computed tomography. We evaluate our approach on a publicly available benchmark with competitive results.
Soluble HLA-G Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression in Human Alloreactive T Lymphocytes (2006)

HLA-G is involved in regulating T cell responses. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the inhibition of T cell proliferation. In this context, the possible role of HLA-G in cell cycle regulation remains to be explored. Using stably transfected M8 cells expressing the secreted isoform (HLA-G5) of HLA-G, we investigated the role of HLA-G in inducing apoptosis and in controlling the cell cycle of activated T cells. Soluble HLA-G (HLA-G5) inhibited both CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferation. However, HLA-G5 did not induce T cell apoptosis, as determined by 3,3'-diethyloxacarbocyanine and propidium iodine labeling. It induced accumulation of the retinoblastoma protein, but not its phosphorylated and active form. Treatment of activated T cells with HLA-G5 also reduced the amounts of cyclin D2, E, A, and B by >80%. In contrast, it induced an accumulation of p27kip, but not p21cip, in activated T cells. HLA-G does not induce apoptosis of alloreactive T cells, but induces p27kip1 and inhibits cell cycle progression.
<title>The Optical Stepper With A High Numerical Aperture I-Line Lens And A Field-By-Field Leveling System</title> (1988)

A high N.A. i-line lens and a field-by-field leveling system have been developed. Resolution of the lens is better than 0.65 μm. The leveling system has achieved ±0.3 uμ/field on an experimental basis.
Spontaneous skin temperature oscillations in normal human subjects (1997)

A noninvasive method based on high-resolution measurements and bandpass filtering of spontaneous skin temperature oscillations (approximately 4.0 x 10(-2) degrees C) in the low-frequency range (0.01-0.04 Hz) was investigated in normal human subjects. We hypothesized that the oscillations (temperature variability) originate from vasomotor activity of small arteries and arterioles in subcutaneous tissues. To test this hypothesis, continuous blood pressure waveforms were obtained with the use of an external piezoelectric sensor. The peak-to-peak envelope of the pressure signal (pressure variability) was used as an indicator of vasomotor activity. The variabilities of temperature and pressure were compared using cross-spectral and coherence analysis. The correlation between the peak frequency of the signals was 0.92, and the coherence was greater than 0.9. The signals demonstrated similar changes in spectral energy and peak frequency in response to mental stress. Reproducibility of the temperature variability in individual subjects was verified by repeating measurements 1-12 wk later. The differences in peak frequency were small (0.0155 +/- 0.001 Hz), and in each subject the signals exhibited similar patterns in response to stress. Correlation between spectral characteristics of the signals suggests that temperature variability can be attributed to changes in blood flow resulting from oscillations in vasomotor smooth muscle tone.
Antimicrobial peptides of the oral cavity (2009)

Antimicrobial peptides of the oral cavity SVEN-ULRIK GORRAntimicrobial proteins and peptides constitute a diverse class of host-defense molecules that act early to combat invasion and infection with bacteria and other microorganisms.These peptides have engendered considerable interest in the past decade as a biological paradigm in innate immunity and as a potential source of novel antibiotics.Many recent reviews have explored the biological diversity and function of this class of peptides [e.g.(36, 50, 73, 80, 103, 126, 127, 191, 209, 221, 226, 255)].This review focuses especially on antimicrobial proteins and peptides of the oral cavity and on their role in periodontal disease.The potential use of antimicrobial peptides as templates for novel antibiotics is also discussed.
Adenovirus infection enhances killing of melanoma cells by a mitotoxin. (1997)

Toxins are effective in cell killing if internalized efficiently. Conjugation of the plant toxin saporin with basic fibroblast growth factor has increased tumor killing due to better internalization, but toxin uptake by cells has remained relatively inefficient. We show here that infection of melanoma cells with a replication-defective adenovirus enhances cell killing by the mitotoxin basic fibroblast growth factor-saporin more than 10-fold, thus allowing tumor cell killing in vivo at nontoxic concentrations. Adenovirus infection leads to increased apoptosis by the mitotoxin due to enhanced internalization of the ligand-receptor complex and release of the active toxin from the endosomes.