gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Intracellular pH in Rat Lactotrophs: Involvement of Anionic Exchangers* (1997)

Regulation of the intracellular pH (pHi) of normal rat lactotrophs was studied. As this cell type, cultured with 10% FCS, can achieve a relatively alkaline pHi (7.3-7.5), we investigated the presence of a mechanism based on Cl-/HCO3- exchange. Using the pHi-sensitive probe SNARF-1 (seminaphtorodafluor) in its permeant form, SNARF-1/AM, we studied pHi recovery after acidic loading in individual cells with a microspectrofluorometric approach. We showed the involvement of anionic exchange in lactotroph cell pHi regulation. Acute CO2-bicarbonate cell acidic loading combined with external Cl- depletion induces the activation of a Cl-/HCO3- exchange. This exchange is 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid sensitive and corresponds to the type 3 anionic exchanger (AE3). However, after nigericin acidification, Na+/H+ exchange can also participate in recovery. In addition, incubation experiments strongly suggest that a 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid-insensitive anionic exchanger (type 2 anionic exchanger or AE2) is present in rat lactotrophs. The presence and involvement of carbonic anhydrase in pHi regulation have been demonstrated. Finally, using Northern blot and reverse transcription-PCR techniques, messenger RNAs for both AE2 and AE3 were identified in anterior pituitary cell extracts. We concluded that in normal rat lactotrophs, pHi regulation is achieved by a complex system in which Cl-/HCO3- exchange has a pivotal role.
Oxidative coupling of methane using oxide catalysts (1989)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Adsorption Equilibria Hydrocarbon Gas Mixtures. (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption Equilibria Hydrocarbon Gas Mixtures.W. K. Lewis, E. R. Gilliland, B. Chertow, and W. P. CadoganCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1950, 42, 7, 1319–1326Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50487a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50487a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views446Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Mutations in the par genes of Caenorhabditis elegans affect cytoplasmic reorganization during the first cell cycle (1990)

A dramatic reorganization of cytoplasm occurs during the first cell cycle in embryos of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. We present here the results of a quantitative study of some of the events during this reorganization in wild-type embryos and in par mutant embryos. The par mutations define a set of genes required for cytoplasmic localization in early embryos. We show that par mutations lead to defects in several events of the reorganization. Mutations in all four of the par genes we studied lead to defects in pseudocleavage and asymmetric redistribution of cortical microfilaments. In addition, some of the par mutations affect streaming of cytoplasm, migration of the pronuclei, and asymmetric shortening of the embryo. We propose that the major function of the par genes might be to orchestrate this initial reorganization of cytoplasm.
Generation of transform-limited optical pulses at10 GHzusing an electroabsorption modulator and a chirped fibreBragg grating (1995)

Transform-limited pulses of 5–6 ps have been generated at 10 GHz using an electroabsorption modulator in conjunction with a dispersive transmission filter based on a chirped fibre Bragg grating. This method is compact, controllable and incorporates minimal fibre lengths.
An approach to biodegradable star polymeric architectures using disulfide coupling (2008)

The straightforward synthesis of biodegradable star polymers via both in situ polymerization from a trifunctional RAFT agent and post-polymerization conjugation of pyridyldisulfide-ended linear polymers to a trithiol precursor is described.
Çeşitlendirme ve Uluslararası Çeşitlendirme (2002)

Finansal piyasada yatırımcıların çeşitli şekilde davrandıklar görülür. Yatırımlarını aynı finansal varlığa yatırmayan yatırımcıların, "don' t put all your eggs in one basket" (yumartaları aynı sepete koyma) finansal kuralını uyguladıklar görülür.Çeşitlendirme olarak adlandırdığımız çeşitli finansal varlıklara yatırım; farklı sektörlerdeki hisse senetlerinin alınması, farklı şirketlerin hisse senetlerinin alınması, farklı ülkelerden hisse senetlerinin alınması şeklinde uygulanabilir.
A 2.7-V CMOS dual-mode baseband filter for PDC and WCDMA (2001)

A fifth-order analog CMOS RC-opamp baseband filter for a dual-mode cellular phone receiver was designed with maximum component sharing in the two modes, The filter meets the bandwidth specifications of both the PDC and WCDMA standards, which represent the two extremes with respect of the channel bandwidth. The total area of 4.8 mm/sup 2/ was minimized by reducing the filter order from five to three in the PDC mode, Also, the operational amplifiers with adjustable GBW were used to minimize PDC-mode power consumption. The capacitance matrices were made only partially overlapping to reduce the resistance spread, The largest resistors were implemented with T networks and the smallest capacitors with series connections to extend the range of feasible passive component values. The measured integrated input referred noise is 17 /spl mu/V and 47 /spl mu/V in the PDC and WCDMA modes, respectively. The IIP3 is +35 dBV in the WCDMA mode, and the circuit consumes 6.8 mW and 25.4 mW in the PDC and WCDMA modes, respectively. The supply voltage is 2.7 V.
Fast Random Permutation Tests Enable Objective Evaluation of Methods for Single-Subject fMRI Analysis (2011)

Parametric statistical methods, such as Z-, t-, and F-values, are traditionally employed in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for identifying areas in the brain that are active with a certain degree of statistical significance. These parametric methods, however, have two major drawbacks. First, it is assumed that the observed data are Gaussian distributed and independent; assumptions that generally are not valid for fMRI data. Second, the statistical test distribution can be derived theoretically only for very simple linear detection statistics. With nonparametric statistical methods, the two limitations described above can be overcome. The major drawback of non-parametric methods is the computational burden with processing times ranging from hours to days, which so far have made them impractical for routine use in single-subject fMRI analysis. In this work, it is shown how the computational power of cost-efficient graphics processing units (GPUs) can be used to speed up random permutation tests. A test with 10000 permutations takes less than a minute, making statistical analysis of advanced detection methods in fMRI practically feasible. To exemplify the permutation-based approach, brain activity maps generated by the general linear model (GLM) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) are compared at the same significance level.
Trans-spectral absorption and scattering of electromagnetic radiation by diesel soot (1991)

The mass density normalized absorption and total scattering coefficients have been measured using in situ techniques at selected wavelengths from the visible to approximately 1 cm for soot generated by the open combustion of diesel fuel. Particle morphologies are complex although similar to those of soots of other hydrocarbons and methods of generation. An ellipsoidal model has been applied as an approximation to the often multiconnected, chainlike aerosol and then compared with the measured results. The experimental results show an approximate (lambda)(-1) dependence over more than five decades of wavelength data. There is only general agreement with the simplified calculations in this feature as well as in the magnitude.
Survey on Fall Detection and Fall Prevention Using Wearable and External Sensors (2014)

According to nihseniorhealth.gov (a website for older adults), falling represents a great threat as people get older, and providing mechanisms to detect and prevent falls is critical to improve people's lives. Over 1.6 million U.S. adults are treated for fall-related injuries in emergency rooms every year suffering fractures, loss of independence, and even death. It is clear then, that this problem must be addressed in a prompt manner, and the use of pervasive computing plays a key role to achieve this. Fall detection (FD) and fall prevention (FP) are research areas that have been active for over a decade, and they both strive for improving people's lives through the use of pervasive computing. This paper surveys the state of the art in FD and FP systems, including qualitative comparisons among various studies. It aims to serve as a point of reference for future research on the mentioned systems. A general description of FD and FP systems is provided, including the different types of sensors used in both approaches. Challenges and current solutions are presented and described in great detail. A 3-level taxonomy associated with the risk factors of a fall is proposed. Finally, cutting edge FD and FP systems are thoroughly reviewed and qualitatively compared, in terms of design issues and other parameters.
Hybrid Physical-Chemical Vapor Transport Growth of SiC Bulk Crystals (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Investigational NEDD8-Activating Enzyme (NAE) Inhibitor, MLN4924, Demonstrates Activity Against Primary AML Blast, Progenitor and Stem Cell Populations (2011)

Abstract Abstract 1414 Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis. Most patients die of either primary refractory or relapsed disease. It has been proposed that relapse may result from ineffective ablation of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) by chemotherapy. Therefore, in order to improve therapy, it is imperative to identify agents that eliminate leukemic progenitor and stem cell populations in addition to blasts. We have previously demonstrated that proteasome inhibition can result in selective ablation of LSCs, without harming normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Thus, we sought to investigate the activity of a more specific inhibitor of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, an investigational NEDD8-Activating Enzyme (NAE) inhibitor MLN4924. Treatment of primary human AML and blast crisis CML samples with MLN4924 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the total viability of the blast-cell populations, with an average LD50 of 0.367 μM (0.203–0.530 95% CI; N=17). The average LD50 for phenotypically described LSCs was 0.645μM (0.304–0.986; 95%CI; N=12). Interestingly, when performing progenitor/stem functional assays, we observed a 64% and 86% decrease in colony formation after treatment with 0.25μM and 1 μM of MLN4924 (p< 0.001; N=5; p< 0.001 N=8 respectively). Furthermore, MLN4924 had little to no effect on colony formation of normal hematopoietic cells. Thus, MLN4924 may impair the activity of AML stem/progenitor cells, but not normal cells, in vitro. Importantly, primary AML samples that were resistant to standard chemotherapeutics such as cytarabine in vitro were sensitive to MLN4924. Treatment of primary AML samples with MLN4924 showed increased γH2AX foci, indicating activation of stress responses. Together, these data suggest that MLN4924 can eliminate AML blasts, progenitor and stem cell populations in vitro. Disclosures: Smith: Millennium Pharmaceuticals: Employment.
Design Constraints for Image-Reject Frequency-Translating $\Delta\Sigma$ Modulators (2009)

This brief derives design constraints for bandpass ΔΣ modulators that use mixers to perform frequency downconversion inside their ΔΣ loop. Such systems, which are referred to as frequency-translating ΔΣ modulators, facilitate direct analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) of high-frequency signals that cannot adequately be processed using classical bandpass ΔΣ modulator architectures. The derived constraints are required for the correct design of frequency-translating ΔΣ modulators: 1) The <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sampling</i> constraints maintain the stability of the ΔΣ feedback loop and prevent the mixing of the undesired signal content into the input-signal band, thereby ensuring that the time-varying behavior of the mixers does not affect the ADC resolution; and 2) the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">noise</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">shaping</i> constraints minimize performance loss during the recombination of the in-phase and quadrature feedback paths. This brief analyzes frequency-translating ΔΣ modulators that are designed with image-reject (quadrature) mixing and that are implemented using continuous- or discrete-time lowpass or complex-bandpass inner-loop ΔΣ modulators. Thus, the derived constraints offer a valuable reference for the design of image-reject frequency-translating ΔΣ ADCs.
Assessing dynamics, spatial scale, and uncertainty in task-related brain network analyses (2014)

The brain is a complex network of interconnected elements, whose interactions evolve dynamically in time to cooperatively perform specific functions. A common technique to probe these interactions involves multi-sensor recordings of brain activity during a repeated task. Many techniques exist to characterize the resulting task-related activity, including establishing functional networks, which represent the statistical associations between brain areas. Although functional network inference is commonly employed to analyze neural time series data, techniques to assess the uncertainty-both in the functional network edges and the corresponding aggregate measures of network topology-are lacking. To address this, we describe a statistically principled approach for computing uncertainty in functional networks and aggregate network measures in task-related data. The approach is based on a resampling procedure that utilizes the trial structure common in experimental recordings. We show in simulations that this approach successfully identifies functional networks and associated measures of confidence emergent during a task in a variety of scenarios, including dynamically evolving networks. In addition, we describe a principled technique for establishing functional networks based on predetermined regions of interest using canonical correlation. Doing so provides additional robustness to the functional network inference. Finally, we illustrate the use of these methods on example invasive brain voltage recordings collected during an overt speech task. The general strategy described here-appropriate for static and dynamic network inference and different statistical measures of coupling-permits the evaluation of confidence in network measures in a variety of settings common to neuroscience.
Learning Space Partitions for Nearest Neighbor Search (2019)

Space partitions of $\mathbb{R}^d$ underlie a vast and important class of fast nearest neighbor search (NNS) algorithms. Inspired by recent theoretical work on NNS for general metric spaces [Andoni, Naor, Nikolov, Razenshteyn, Waingarten STOC 2018, FOCS 2018], we develop a new framework for building space partitions reducing the problem to balanced graph partitioning followed by supervised classification. We instantiate this general approach with the KaHIP graph partitioner [Sanders, Schulz SEA 2013] and neural networks, respectively, to obtain a new partitioning procedure called Neural Locality-Sensitive Hashing (Neural LSH). On several standard benchmarks for NNS, our experiments show that the partitions obtained by Neural LSH consistently outperform partitions found by quantization-based and tree-based methods as well as classic, data-oblivious LSH.
[New aspects and developments in antipsoriasis retinoid therapy]. (1981)

Oral retinoids have been largely introduced in the management of psoriasis. The beneficial effect, however, differs according to the clinical type and requires an appropriate dosimetry: Pustular types respond rapidly and sufficiently to high initial doses (75 mg/d). In psoriatic erythroderma low initial doses (35 mg/d) seem indicated increasing the dose to 50 mg/d after 2-4 weeks. In chronic stationary psoriasis medium doses (50 mg/d) should be given as adjuvant treatment, combined with anthralin or UVB (SUP). In severe cases oral retinoids can be administered with systemic PUVA (RePUVA). Cheilitis, mucosal dryness and hair loss may appear temporarily as dose dependent side-effects. No hepatotoxicity was found. Interactions with serum triglycerides were seen, particularly in patients with diabetes, obesity, alcoholism and elevated triglyceride levels before treatment. Beside the compound Ro 10-9359 new synthetic derivatives are under investigation, either for topical therapy (Ro 11-1430), or for systemic therapy in lower doses (Ro 12-7554). Their mechanisms of action are still unknown. New findings suggest that retinoids may exert an immunomodulatory effect on dermal cells, in addition to their influence on keratinocytes.
A Novel Approach to Accurate 3D High Resolution and High SNR Fetal Brain Imaging (2006)

Fetal brain imaging by MRI is attracting increasing interest because it offers excellent contrast and anatomical details. However, unpredictable fetal motion has led to widespread use of single shot techniques to freeze fetal motion. The conventional result is series of images which have an uncertain spatial relationship and cannot be reconstructed into a coherent 3D volume. We present a novel methodology to reconstruct 3D images of fetal brains in-utero with sub-millimeter isotropic high resolution and high SNR. After continuous scanning to acquire a repeated series of parallel slices, image registration is used to realign the images to correct for fetal motion. Compounding of multiple images yields high SNR even with imaging parameters chosen to provide high resolution at the expense of SNR in individual images. The method has been tested on four normal fetuses imaged at 1.5 T and validated on both adult and neonatal simulated data. In all cases detailed 3D brain images with anatomical details clearly visible in all planes were successfully reconstructed
Human Thyroid Phenol Sulfotransferase Enzymes 1A1 and 1A3: Activities in Normal and Diseased Thyroid Glands, and Inhibition by Thyroid Hormones and Phytoestrogens (2004)

Sulfation by sulfotransferase enzymes (SULTs) is an important pathway for the metabolism of thyroid hormones and phytoestrogens. Intrathyroidal SULTs may contribute to the processing of thyroid hormones for the reutilization of iodide. SULT1A1 and SULT1A3 activities were identified in normal and diseased human thyroid glands. Biochemical properties that included apparent K(m) values, thermal stabilities, and responses to inhibitors were characterized in a normal human thyroid high speed supernatant pool. Apparent K(m) values for SULT1A1 and SULT1A3 activities with the model substrates p-nitrophenol and dopamine were 0.58 +/- 0.04 and 11.3 +/- 1.3 microm, respectively. Activities of SULT1A1 and SULT1A3 determined in individual normal thyroid (n = 35), nodular goiter (n = 26), and autoimmune thyroid disease (n = 25) glands were 0.34 +/- 0.06, 0.52 +/- 0.09, and 0.82 +/- 0.19 U/mg protein for SULT1A1, respectively, and 0.22 +/- 0.04, 0.21 +/- 0.04, and 0.48 +/- 0.11 U/mg protein for SULT1A3, respectively. Both SULT activities in autoimmune thyroid disease glands were significantly higher than those in normal thyroids. Only 3,3'-diiodothyronine (3,3'-T(2)) and the phytoestrogen daidzein served as substrates for the normal thyroid SULT activities, yet each thyroid hormone and phytoestrogen tested were found to inhibit thyroid SULT1A1 and SULT1A3 activities. The preference of thyroid gland SULT activities for 3,3'-T(2) suggests that sulfation may enhance degradation of intrathyroidal 3,3'-T(2) for iodide reutilization. Inhibition of these SULT activities by the exogenous phytoestrogens daidzein and genistein, with a potential decrease in iodide reutilization, presents another mechanism through which these compounds may adversely affect human thyroid function.
Calcium‐responsive contractility during fertilization in sea urchin eggs (2006)

Fertilization triggers a reorganization of oocyte cytoskeleton, and in sea urchins, there is a dramatic increase in cortical F-actin. However, the role that myosin II plays during fertilization remains largely unexplored. Myosin II is localized to the cortical cytoskeleton both before and after fertilization and to examine myosin II contractility in living cells, Lytechinus pictus eggs were observed by time-lapse microscopy. Upon sperm binding, a cell surface deflection traversed the egg that was followed by and dependent on the calcium wave. The calcium-dependence of surface contractility could be reproduced in unfertilized eggs, where mobilization of intracellular calcium in unfertilized eggs under compression resulted in a marked contractile response. Lastly, inhibition of myosin II delayed absorption of the fertilization cone, suggesting that myosin II not only responds to the same signals that activate eggs but also participates in the remodeling of the cortical actomyosin cytoskeleton during the first zygotic cell cycle.
A Hepatitis B Virus Mutant Associated with an Epidemic of Fulminant Hepatitis (1991)

In the outbreak we studied, a mutant hepatitis B viral strain was transmitted from a common source to five patients who subsequently died of fulminant hepatitis B infection. Naturally occurring viral mutations hepatitis B infection. Naturally occurring viral mutations in the HBV genome may predispose the infected host to more severe liver injury.
Effect of Measles Immunization on Tuberculin Hypersensitivity and <i>in vitro</i> Lymphocyte Reactivity (1971)

Tuberculin skin test reactivity, blood lymphocyte levels, antituberculoprotein antibody levels and <i>in vitro</i> proliferative responses of lymphocytes cultured with tuberculin were compared in subjects receiving measles vaccine or placebo. Five of 10 individuals receiving measles vaccine showed significant depression of tuberculin skin test reactivity; 4 of these 5 showed concomitant decrease in degrees of tuberculin-induced lymphocyte proliferation. There were no significant changes following placebo administration to 3 individuals.