gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biodistribution and kinetic modeling of radiolabeled antibodies in normal Rhesus monkeys (1985)

These studies examined the behavior of Tc-99m and biosynthetically (S-35 methionine) labeled mouse monoclonal antibodies in normal Rhesus monkeys. Twelve healthy female Rhesus monkeys 4-9 kg were catheterized (venous + urinary) and studied. Mouse monoclonal anti-hCG F(ab')/sub 2/ antibody kits for labeling with Tc-99m were provided by Summa Medical Corp., and were labeled according to the ''Pretinning Method.'' Monkeys injected with Tc-99m labeled antibodies were imaged using a gamma camera with a LFOV head and an ultrahigh resolution collimator. S-35 labeled antibodies were synthesized in vitro by murine hybridomas grown in tissue culture. All antibodies used in these studies were highly purified and homogeneous, as assessed by SDS-PAGE. The results of these studies show that Tc-99m is rapidly removed in the kidneys from antibodies labeled according to the ''pretinning method'', with pertechnetate being excreted in the urine. A stable label in the form of bioincorporated S-35 methionine was used for the Ar13.4 and ArM16 antibodies to reveal a difference in the clearance of these antibodies that are genetically identical, except for a C/sub H/2 deletion mutation. The clearance of Ar13.4 and ArM16 was found to be significantly different than in normal mice.
Influence of FE model variability in predicting brain motion and intracranial pressure changes in head impact simulations (2004)

In order to create a useful computational tool that will aid in the understanding and perhaps prevention of head injury, it is important to know the quantitative influence of the constitutive properties, geometry and model formulations of the intracranial contents upon the mechanics of a head impact event. The University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model (UCDBTM) [1] has been refined and validated against a series of cadaver tests and the influence of different model formulations has been investigated. In total six different model configurations were constructed: (i) the baseline model, (ii) a refined baseline model which explicitly differentiates between grey and white neural tissue, (iii) a model with three elements through the thickness of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) layer, (iv) a model simulating a sliding boundary, (v) a projection mesh model (which also distinguishes between neural tissue) and (vi) a morphed model. These models have been compared against cadaver tests of Trosseille [2] and of Hardy [3]. The results indicate that, despite the fundamental differences between these six model formulations, the comparisons with the experimentally measured pressures and relative displacements were largely consistent and in good agreement. These results may prove useful for those attempting to model real life accident scenarios, especially when the time to construct a patient specific model using traditional mesh generation approaches is taken into account.
Characterization of anisotropic stress around Si trenches by polarized Raman spectroscopy (1995)

Polarized Raman spectra around trenches formed on (100) silicon wafers have been measured and it has been found that the peak frequency shift varies with the polarization configuration, suggesting that anisotropic stresses occur around the trenches. The different stress components have been calculated by the use of the polarization Raman technique and it was found that the stress distribution of each component approximately agrees with that of each component simulated by a finite element method. Polarized Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the estimation of an anisotropic stress of an electronic silicon device in situ.
Eclipse Web Tools Platform: Developing Java Web Applications (2007)

Discover WTP, the New End-to-End Toolset for Java-Based Web DevelopmentThe Eclipse Web Tools Platform (WTP) seamlessly integrates all the tools today's Java Web developer needs. WTP is both an unprecedented Open Source resource for working developers and a powerful foundation for state-of-the-art commercial products.Eclipse Web Tools Platform offers in-depth descriptions of every tool included in WTP, introducing powerful capabilities never before available in Eclipse. The authors cover the entire Web development processi??from defining Web application architectures and development processes through testing and beyond. And if you're seeking to extend WTP, this book provides an introduction to the platform's rich APIs. The book also Presents step-by-step coverage of developing persistence, business logic, and presentation tiers with WTP and Java Introduces best practices for multiple styles of Web and Java EE development Demonstrates JDBC database access and configuration Shows how to configure application servers for use with WTP Walks through creating Web service application interfaces Covers automated testing with JUnit and Cactus, and automated builds utilizing Ant, Maven, and CruiseControl Introduces testing and profiling Web applications with the Eclipse Test and Performance Tools Platform (TPTP) project Describes how to extend WTP with new servers, file types, and WSDL extensions Foreword Preface Acknowledgments About the Authors Part I: Getting Started Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: About the Eclipse Web Tools Platform Project Chapter 3: Quick Tour Chapter 4: Setting Up Your Workspace Part II: Java Web Application Development Chapter 5: Web Application Architecture and Design Chapter 6: Organizing Your Development Project Chapter 7: The Presentation Tier Chapter 8: The Business Logic Tier Chapter 9: The Persistence Tier Chapter 10: Web Services Chapter 11: Testing Part III: Extending WTP Chapter 12: Adding New Servers Chapter 13: Supporting New File Types Chapter 14: Creating WSDL Extensions Chapter 15: Customizing Resource Resolution Part IV: Products and Plans Chapter 16: Other Web Tools Based on Eclipse Chapter 17: The Road Ahead Glossaryi? References Index This book is an invaluable resource for every Eclipse and enterprise Java Web developer: both those who use Eclipse to build other Web applications, and those who build Eclipse technologies into their own products.Complete source code examples are available at www.eclipsewtp.org.
Mechanism of plasmid delivery by hydrodynamic tail vein injection. I. Hepatocyte uptake of various molecules (2006)

The appearance of permanently damaged cells with increased uptake of some molecules such as endogenous IgG raised the possibility that a molecule could be present in a hepatocyte but its transport would not be indicative of the transport process that can lead to foreign gene expression. The HTV procedure enables the uptake of a variety of molecules (as previous studies also found), but the uptake process for some of these molecules may be associated with a more disruptive process to the hepatocytes that is not compatible with successful gene delivery.
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1): an Unexpected Player in DNA Replication (2012)

Regulation of cell cycle progression is important for the maintenance of genome integrity, and Polo-like kinases (Plks) have been identified as key regulators of this process. It is well established that Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) plays critical roles in mitosis but little is known about its functions at other stages of the cell cycle. Here we summarize the functions of Plk1 during DNA replication, focusing on the molecular events related to Origin Recognition Complex (ORC), the complex that is essential for the initiation of DNA replication. Within the context of Plk1 phosphorylation of Orc2, we also emphasize regulation of Orc2 in different organisms. This review is intended to provide some insight into how Plk1 coordinates DNA replication in S phase with chromosome segregation in mitosis, and orchestrates the cell cycle as a whole.
Reaction Kinetics at Very Low Temperatures:  Laboratory Studies and Interstellar Chemistry (2000)

Studies of gas-phase processes at temperatures down to 10 K have recently blossomed, largely through application of the CRESU (cinétique de réaction en ecoulement supersonique uniforme) technique. The results are of considerable relevance to the synthesis of molecules in dense interstellar clouds, demonstrating that the models developed to explain the observed molecular abundances must be expanded to include reactions between electrically neutral species. In addition, the experimental results have stimulated theoretical efforts to describe the factors that control the rates of such low-temperature reactions. In this Account, the CRESU method is described and the relevance of the results discussed.
Evaluating emergent collaboration on the Web (1998)

Article Evaluating emergent collaboration on the Web Share on Authors: Loren Terveen AT&T Labs - Research, 180 Park Avenue, Florham Park, NJ AT&T Labs - Research, 180 Park Avenue, Florham Park, NJView Profile , Will Hill AT&T Labs - Research, 180 Park Avenue, Florham Park, NJ AT&T Labs - Research, 180 Park Avenue, Florham Park, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims CSCW '98: Proceedings of the 1998 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative workNovember 1998 Pages 355–362https://doi.org/10.1145/289444.289510Published:01 November 1998 20citation809DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations20Total Downloads809Last 12 Months7Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Iris-based authentication system with template protection and renewability (2007)

Biometrics is the most emerging technology for automatic people authentication, nevertheless severe concerns raised about security of such systems and users' privacy. In case of malicious attacks toward one or more components of the authentication system, stolen biometric features cannot be replaced. This paper focuses on securing the enrollment database and the communication channel between such database and the matcher. In particular, a method is developed to protect the stored biometric templates, adapting the fuzzy commitment scheme to iris biometrics by exploiting error correction codes tailored on template discriminability. The aforementioned method allows template renewability applied to iris based authentication and guarantees high security performing the match in the encrypted domain.
The effects of temperature on flowering, fruit set and fruit development of glasshouse sweet pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>L.) (1989)

SummaryThe effects of temperature on flowering, fruit set and fruit development of October sown sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), cv. Delphin, were investigated in a glasshouse experiment. Twelve day/night temperature regimes (16/15, 16/21, 20/12, 20/15, 20/18, 20/21, 24/12, 24/15, 24/18, 24/21, 28/15 and 28/21°C) were applied during the early post- planting period (early December to mid April). Patterns of flowering and fruit set were comparable at similar 24-h mean tempratures. Total number of flowers per plant and percentage fruit set were significantly related to 24-h mean temperature as well as to the day/night temperature amplitude. Mean fruit weight (g per fruit) was related to 24-h mean temperature as well as to the day/night amplitude. For these variables the effect of the day/night amplitude was of minor importance compared with the 24-h mean temperature. No effect of the day/night amplitude was found on the number of fruits (fruits per plant), leaf area/fruit ratio (cm2 fruit−1), fruit length (cm), pericarp thickness (mm), length/width ratio, length of the attached style (cm) and the total growth period of fruits (days). The temperature coefficient (Q10) for the total fruit growth period from flowering to red harvest was between 1.5 and 1.9. It is concluded that the temperature regime (day/ night amplitude) is of minor importance compared with the effect of the 24-h mean temperature for fruit set, fruit development and the growth period of sweet pepper.
<i>N</i>-(2-Benzoylphenyl)-<scp>l</scp>-tyrosine PPARγ Agonists. 3. Structure−Activity Relationship and Optimization of the <i>N</i>-Aryl Substituent (1998)

3-¿4-[2-(Benzoxazol-2-ylmethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl¿-(2S)-((2- benzoylph enyl)amino)propionic acid (1) and (2S)-((2-benzoylphenyl)amino)-3-¿4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-y l)e thoxy]phenyl¿propionic acid (2) are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists and have antidiabetic activity in rodent models of type 2 diabetes. As part of an effort to develop the SAR of the N-2-benzoylphenyl moiety of 1 and 2, a series of novel carboxylic acid analogues, 23-66, modified only in the N-2-benzoylphenyl moiety were synthesized from L-tyrosine and evaluated as PPARgamma agonists. In general, only modest changes in the N-2-benzoylphenyl moiety of 1 and 2 are tolerated. More specifically, the best changes involve bioisosteric replacement of one of the two phenyl rings of this moiety. Addition of substituents to this moiety generally produced compounds that are less active in the cell-based functional assays of PPARgamma activity although binding affinity to PPARgamma may be maintained. A particularly promising set of analogues is the anthranilic acid esters 63-66 in which the phenyl ring in the 2-benzoyl group of 1 and 2 has been replaced by an alkoxy group. In particular, (S)-2-(1-carboxy-2-¿4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]phen yl¿ ethylamino)benzoic acid methyl ester (63) has a pKi of 8.43 in the binding assay using human PPARgamma ligand binding domain and a pEC50 of 9.21 in the in vitro murine lipogenesis functional assay of PPARgamma activity. Finally, 63 was found to normalize glycemia when dosed at 3 mg/kg bid po in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat model of type 2 diabetes.
Active Exploration in Dynamic Environments (1991)

Whenever an agent learns to control an unknown environment, two opposing principles have to be combined, namely: exploration (long-term optimization) and exploitation (short-term optimization). Many real-valued connectionist approaches to learning control realize exploration by randomness in action selection. This might be disadvantageous when costs are assigned to &quot;negative experiences&quot;. The basic idea presented in this paper is to make an agent explore unknown regions in a more directed manner. This is achieved by a so-called competence map, which is trained to predict the controller&apos;s accuracy, and is used for guiding exploration. Based on this, a bistable system enables smoothly switching attention between two behaviors -- exploration and exploitation -- depending on expected costs and knowledge gain. The appropriateness of this method is demonstrated by a simple robot navigation task.
Retinoic acid prevents experimental Cushing syndrome (2001)

Cushing syndrome is caused by an excess of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production by neuroendocrine tumors, which subsequently results in chronic glucocorticoid excess. We found that retinoic acid inhibits the transcriptional activity of AP-1 and the orphan receptors Nur77 and Nurr1 in ACTH-secreting tumor cells. Retinoic acid treatment resulted in reduced pro-opiomelanocortin transcription and ACTH production. ACTH inhibition was also observed in human pituitary ACTH-secreting tumor cells and a small-cell lung cancer cell line, but not in normal cells. This correlated with the expression of the orphan receptor COUP-TFI, which was found in normal corticotrophs but not in pituitary Cushing tumors. COUP-TFI expression in ACTH-secreting tumor cells blocked retinoic acid action. Retinoic acid also inhibited cell proliferation and, after prolonged treatment, increased caspase-3 activity and induced cell death in ACTH-secreting cells. In adrenal cortex cells, retinoic acid inhibited corticosterone production and cell proliferation. The antiproliferative action and the inhibition of ACTH and corticosterone produced by retinoic acid were confirmed in vivo in experimental ACTH-secreting tumors in nude mice. Thus, we conclude that the effects of retinoic acid combine in vivo to reverse the endocrine alterations and symptoms observed in experimental Cushing syndrome.
Chain elongation in anaerobic reactor microbiomes to recover resources from waste (2014)

Different microbial pathways can elongate the carbon chains of molecules in open cultures of microbial populations (i.e. reactor microbiomes) under anaerobic conditions. Here, we discuss three such pathways: 1. homoacetogenesis to combine two carbon dioxide molecules into acetate; 2. succinate formation to elongate glycerol with one carbon from carbon dioxide; and 3. reverse β oxidation to elongate short-chain carboxylates with two carbons into medium-chain carboxylates, leading to more energy-dense and insoluble products (e.g. easier to separate from solution). The ability to use reactor microbiomes to treat complex substrates can simultaneously address two pressing issues: 1. providing proper waste management; and 2. producing renewable chemicals and fuels.
Transitions in the Friction and Wear of Carbons and Graphites Sliding Against Themselves (1975)

The friction and wear properties of various carbons and graphites have been measured during sliding against themselves in air. Many materials exhibit sudden and large increases in both friction and wear at a critical combination of load, speed, and temperature, and the effects are most pronounced for electrographites and natural graphites. The sliding conditions at the transition are associated with a critical temperature of the contacting asperities, and the magnitude of this temperature, approximately 150–185 C for graphitic materials, has been estimated both directly and by application of flash-temperature theory. The phenomena accompanying the transitions are very similar to those occurring during dusting of carbon brushes at high altitudes, and a similar explanation is invoked in terms of the adsorption of water vapor and oxygen. The critical combinations of loads and speeds required to initiate the transition are much more severe than those normally encountered during the operation of carbon brushes and bearings.
A self-consistent method for X-ray diffraction analysis of multiaxial residual-stress fields in the near-surface region of polycrystalline materials. II. Examples (1999)

The application of the formalism for residual-stress gradient evaluation based on the measuring principle of the scattering-vector method, which has been derived in the first paper of this series [Genzel (1999). J. Appl. Cryst. 32 , 770–778], is demonstrated by practical examples. Depending on the statistical scattering of the experimental data, either biaxial or even triaxial residual-stress states may be analysed; the latter case yields self-consistently the depth profiles of the in-plane stresses, σ 11 (τ) and σ 22 (τ), the normal stress component, σ 33 (τ), as well as the strain-free lattice spacing, d 0 ( hkl ). The results obtained by this new evaluation procedure are compared with those obtained by X-ray stress-gradient analysis performed on the basis of the sin 2 ψ method.
Raising the Stakes in the Race for New Malaria Drugs (1998)

A group of scientists and funders last week gave an initial thumbs-up to a new strategy for bankrolling what could amount to a $30-million-a-year program to develop drugs against malaria, one of the world's biggest scourges. Although details are still being worked out, drug company representatives and potential donors—who gathered at a closed-door meeting on 17 September at the Rockefeller Foundation in New York City—believe they have overcome key hurdles that undermined a similar effort last November. “Real offers of genuine cash are now on the table,” says initiative proponent Trevor Jones, director-general of the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry.
Effect of Chemotherapeutic Agents on Pasteurella anatipestifer Infection in White Pekin Ducklings (1980)

In a series of experiments, various chemotherapeutic agents administered in feed were evaluated for their efficacy against experimental Pasteurella anatipestifer (PA) infection in White Pekin ducklings. The feeding of medicated diets was started 3 days prior to challenge and continued throughout each experiment. Novobiocin and lincomycin, when fed at adequate concentrations, were the most effective medicaments tested. Mortality in treated groups was 0-18% compared with 45-92% mortality in controls. Sulfadimethoxine-ormetoprim, sulfaquinoxaline, and lincomycin-spectinomycin were moderately effective. Drugs that were not effective included chlortetracycline, tylosin-sulfamethazine, fosfomycin, furazolidone, nihydrazone, penicillin, bacitracin, and erythromycin. Six antibiotics were tested parenterally against experimental PA infection in another series of experiments. A single dose of an antibiotic was injected subcutaneously 5 to 6 hr after infection except in one experiment in which treatment was delayed until 24 hr after infection. When given 5 to 6 hr after infection, lincomycin-spectinomycin, penicillin-streptomycin, penicillin, oxytetracycline, and spectinomycin significantly reduced mortality. Gentamicin tested under the same conditions was ineffective. Drugs injected 24 hr after infection were not effective.
Vasculopathy in sickle cell disease: Biology, pathophysiology, genetics, translational medicine, and new research directions (2009)

Sickle cell disease has been very well characterized as a single amino acid molecular disorder of hemoglobin leading to its pathological polymerization, with resulting red cell rigidity that causes poor microvascular blood flow, with consequent tissue ischemia and infarction. More recently, an independent spectrum of pathophysiology of blood vessel function has been demonstrated, involving abnormal vascular tone and activated, adhesive endothelium. These vasculopathic abnormalities are attributable to pathways involving hemolysis-associated defects in nitric oxide bioavailability, oxidative stress, ischemia-reperfusion injury, hemostatic activation, leukocytes and platelets. Vasculopathy of sickle cell disease has been implicated in the development of pulmonary hypertension, stroke, leg ulceration and priapism, particularly associated with hemolytic severity, and reported also in other severe hemolytic disorders. This vasculopathy might also play a role in other chronic organ dysfunction in patients with sickle cell disease. These pathways present novel targets for pharmacologic intervention, and several clinical trials are already under way. The authors present their perspectives of a workshop held at the National Institutes of Health in August 2008 on vasculopathy in sickle cell disease, along with meritorious future scientific questions on the topic of vascular complications of sickle cell disease.