gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AZD3514: A Small Molecule That Modulates Androgen Receptor Signaling and Function <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2013)

Continued androgen receptor (AR) expression and signaling is a key driver in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after classical androgen ablation therapies have failed, and therefore remains a target for the treatment of progressive disease. Here, we describe the biological characterization of AZD3514, an orally bioavailable drug that inhibits androgen-dependent and -independent AR signaling. AZD3514 modulates AR signaling through two distinct mechanisms, an inhibition of ligand-driven nuclear translocation of AR and a downregulation of receptor levels, both of which were observed in vitro and in vivo. AZD3514 inhibited testosterone-driven seminal vesicle development in juvenile male rats and the growth of androgen-dependent Dunning R3327H prostate tumors in adult rats. Furthermore, this class of compound showed antitumor activity in the HID28 mouse model of CRPC in vivo. AZD3514 is currently in phase I clinical evaluation.
Dynamic models of the complex microbial metapopulation of lake mendota (2016)

Like many other environments, Lake Mendota, WI, USA, is populated by many thousand microbial species. Only about 1,000 of these constitute between 80 and 99% of the total microbial community, depending on the season, whereas the remaining species are rare. The functioning and resilience of the lake ecosystem depend on these microorganisms, and it is therefore important to understand their dynamics throughout the year. We propose a two-layered set of dynamic mathematical models that capture and interpret the yearly abundance patterns of the species within the metapopulation. The first layer analyzes the interactions between 14 subcommunities (SCs) that peak at different times of the year and together contain all species whereas the second layer focuses on interactions between individual species and SCs. Each SC contains species from numerous families, genera, and phyla in strikingly different abundances. The dynamic models quantify the importance of environmental factors in shaping the dynamics of the lake's metapopulation and reveal positive or negative interactions between species and SCs. Three environmental factors, namely temperature, ammonia/phosphorus, and nitrate+nitrite, positively affect almost all SCs, whereas by far the most interactions between SCs are inhibitory. As far as the interactions can be independently validated, they are supported by literature information. The models are quite robust and permit predictions of species abundances over many years both, under the assumption that conditions do not change drastically, or in response to environmental perturbations.
Neuromuscular Training Improves Performance on the Star Excursion Balance Test in Young Female Athletes (2010)

Female soccer players demonstrated an improved performance on the SEBT after NMTP that focused on core stability and lower extremity strength.
A case for efficient accelerator design space exploration via Bayesian optimization (2017)

In this paper we propose using machine learning to improve the design of deep neural network hardware accelerators. We show how to adapt multi-objective Bayesian optimization to overcome a challenging design problem: optimizing deep neural network hardware accelerators for both accuracy and energy efficiency. DNN accelerators exhibit all aspects of a challenging optimization space: the landscape is rough, evaluating designs is expensive, the objectives compete with each other, and both design spaces (algorithmic and microarchitectural) are unwieldy. With multi-objective Bayesian optimization, the design space exploration is made tractable and the design points found vastly outperform traditional methods across all metrics of interest.
Wireless Anomaly Detection Based on IEEE 802.11 Behavior Analysis (2015)

Wireless communication networks are pervading every aspect of our lives due to their fast, easy, and inexpensive deployment. They are becoming ubiquitous and have been widely used to transfer critical information, such as banking accounts, credit cards, e-mails, and social network credentials. The more pervasive the wireless technology is going to be, the more important its security issue will be. Whereas the current security protocols for wireless networks have addressed the privacy and confidentiality issues, there are unaddressed vulnerabilities threatening their availability and integrity (e.g., denial of service, session hijacking, and MAC address spoofing attacks). In this paper, we describe an anomaly based intrusion detection system for the IEEE 802.11 wireless networks based on behavioral analysis to detect deviations from normal behaviors that are triggered by wireless network attacks. Our anomaly behavior analysis of the 802.11 protocols is based on monitoring the n-consecutive transitions of the protocol state machine. We apply sequential machine learning techniques to model the n-transition patterns in the protocol and characterize the probabilities of these transitions being normal. We have implemented several experiments to evaluate our system performance. By cross validating the system over two different wireless channels, we have achieved a low false alarm rate (<;0.1%). We have also evaluated our approach against an attack library of known wireless attacks and has achieved more than 99% detection rate.
A neurophysiological approach to tinnitus: Clinical implications (1993)

This paper presents a neurophysiological approach to tinnitus and discusses its clinical implications. A hypothesis of discordant damage of inner and outer hair cells systems in tinnitus generation is outlined. A recent animal model has facilitated the investigation of the mechanisms of tinnitus and has been further refined to allow for the measurement of tinnitus pitch and loudness. The analysis of the processes involved in tinnitus detection postulates the involvement of an abnormal increase of gain within the auditory system. Moreover, it provides a basis for treating patients with hyperacusis, which we are considering to be a pre-tinnitus state. Analysis of the process of tinnitus perception allows for the possibility of facilitating the process of tinnitus habituation for the purpose of its alleviation. The combining of theoretical analysis with clinical findings has resulted in the creation of a multidisciplinary Tinnitus Centre. The foundation of the Centre focuses on two goals: the clinical goal is to remove tinnitus perception from the patient's consciousness, while directing research toward finding a mechanism-based method for the suppression of tinnitus generators and processes responsible for enhancement of tinnitus-related neuronal activity.
Effect of Steeping Regime on Barley Malt Quality and Its Impacts on Breeding Program Selection (2019)

When making malt, the endosperm is hydrated during steeping to make stored starch available for extraction. Differences in steep regime impact malt quality. Differences in malt quality results between the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and Montana State University (MSU) malt quality laboratories are primarily due to differences in steep regime and are reported herein. Evidence suggests that differences in steep regime in this study were primarily due to length of water immersion versus air rests, rather than other differences (e.g., temperature of steep, sorting of seed, or length of germination). The difference in steep regime caused a difference in the level of endosperm modification. To confirm this finding, three different steep regimes on seven different lines were tested and it was found that the impact on quality varied depending on the trait and in some cases on the genotype. The steep regime was found to have affected both moisture uptake and quality of hydration. Finally, the implications of these findings on malt quality analysis and breeding for malt quality are discussed.
Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation and Banking (2006)

Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is an expanding practice for both pediatric and adult patients. Rapid availability, low risk of infectious disease transmission, lower risk of graft-versus-host disease, and lack of risk for the donor makes UCB an attractive alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation. We review the state of the art of pediatric and adult UCBT and important aspects of UCB banking. Current strategies to improve clinical results and expand access to UCBT to a larger number of adult patients are discussed. New approaches to enhance hematopoietic recovery by the use of accessory cells or direct intra-bone marrow injection are also reviewed.
Release Kinetic Studies of <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> Extract Capsules from Sodium Alginate and Inulin by Ionotropic Gelation (2018)

This study was oriented towards encapsulation of S. rebaudiana extract and the study of its release kinetics. The desired encapsulation was achieved by the ionotropic gelation method using sodium alginate and inulin of polymeric constituents. Characterization of the capsules was performed by micrometric properties, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro extract release analysis, and biological activity of released extract. The in vitro release profiles from different capsules were applied on different kinetic models. The prepared capsules were found spherical in shape with diameters ranging from 2.07 to 2.63 mm, having the encapsulation efficiencies of 43.77% and 56.53% for phenolic compounds and steviol glycosides, respectively. The best‐fit model with the highest correlation coefficient was observed in the Ritger–Peppas model, indicating diffusion controlled principle. The release exponent n value obtained from the Korsmeyer–Peppas model varied between 0.2273 and 1.1719, confirming that the mechanism of S. rebaudiana extract bioactive compounds release was diffusion controlled.
Tunnel magnetoresistance in nanojunctions based on Sr2FeMoO6 (2003)

We report on the observation of magnetoresistance in a Sr2FeMoO6 (SFMO)-based tunnel junction. This result is obtained by combining a three-step process for the growth of the Sr2FeMoO6 layer by pulsed laser deposition with a technology allowing the definition of nanometer-sized junctions. A clear positive magnetoresistive signal of 50% is obtained at low temperature in a Sr2FeMoO6/SrTiO3/Co junction. Since the SrTiO3/Co interface is known to have a negative spin polarization of about 20%, this result yields a negative spin polarization of SFMO, which we find to amount to more than 85% in our film. This confirms the half-metallic character of this compound, predicted by band structure calculations.
Determination of paper filler <i>Z</i>‐distribution by low‐vacuum SEM and EDX (2007)

Paper, mainly constituted of cellulose fibres, often contains mineral fillers. These fillers increase some of the properties of the paper (whiteness, printability, etc.) and are cheaper than the cellulose fibres. Nevertheless, the fillers reduce the mechanical properties of the sheet. Paper presents an anisotropy corresponding to three main directions. This anisotropy characterises the sheet mechanical properties, structure and filler distribution. Analyses of the cross section of the paper sheet with a low-vacuum scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive spectrometer analysis module can show this distribution. The procedure developed consists in analysing discrete profiles to build the mean profile known as filler Z-distribution for each of the fillers. To develop this method, problems such as determination of the surface points, the number of points to analyse to define a cross section profile and the time required for the test, have been solved. Paper is sensitive to electron irradiation. In order to avoid deterioration of the material and to obtain satisfactory results, the time span for analyses is restricted to 40 s with a 12 kV electron beam accelerating voltage. Monte Carlo simulations are used to determine the diffusion cloud size and thus to determine the number of points that constitute a profile. The samples are gold sputtered and, with the aid of backscattered imaging, the coated surface allows determination of the sample surface points.
Male gonadal toxicity (2009)

Cancer treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy causes gonadal toxicity in male patients. The endpoint of most concern for future reproductive options is the induction of prolonged azoospermia, which may or may not be reversible. The immediate effects of therapy and its reversibility are most readily observed in post-pubertal patients, but the same antineoplastic regimens given to prepubertal males can induce permanent azoospermia. The probability of permanent azoospermia is related to the specific agents used and their doses. The most damaging are alkylating agents (particularly chlorambucil, procarbazine, cyclophosphamide, melphalan, and busulfan), cisplatin and radiation to the region of the testicles.
Positron-emission tomography (1997)

We review positron-emission tomography (PET), which has inherent advantages that avoid the shortcomings of other nuclear medicine imaging methods. PET image reconstruction methods with origins in signal and image processing are discussed, including the potential problems of these methods. A summary of statistical image reconstruction methods, which can yield improved image quality, is also presented.
Rocket Immunoelectrophoresis Technique or Electroimmunodiffusion (2003)

The rocket immunoelectrophoresis technique or electroimmunodiffusion (EID) (1) is a simple, fast, and reproducible technique for quantitation of a single protein, and is also applicable in a protein mixture. Several unknown samples can be analyzed on a single plate. Known reference solutions have to be included in each plate. To obtain an accurate quantitation, the proteins in the reference solutions and in the unknown samples have to be physicochemically and immunologically identical. The samples are applied in wells punched out of an agarose gel containing the corresponding monospecific antiserum. One-dimensional electrophoresis is performed and rocket-shaped precipitates are formed. The quantitation is based on measuring the height of the precipitate peak.
Eruptive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and psoriasis: response to cetuximab (2014)

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (CSCCs) comprise 20-30% of nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), and continue to increase in incidence. We report a case of a patient with severe psoriasis who had recurrent and eruptive CSCCs on her leg, which were successfully treated with cetuximab and radiotherapy. The patient had successful long-term clearance of her skin tumours, with the additional finding of resolution of psoriasis while on cetuximab therapy.
Luminescent Solar Concentrator Paintings: Connecting Art and Energy (2018)

The increased awareness of greenhouse gas emissions on long-term climate trends has put the spotlight back on the development of renewable energy technologies to mitigate these processes. Solar based electricity generation has gained widespread recognition as a viable source of renewable energy but has been slowed by a number of factors including cost and available application areas. Luminescent solar concentrators (LSC) are being investigated as a low-cost route to expand solar energy harvesting into new spaces. With this demonstration, we develop kits for educating students about renewable and solar energy while promoting a sense of creativity often lacking in STEM demonstrations. Students design LSC devices by painting newly developed luminescent dyes on plastic waveguides. Thin solar cell strips are mounted around the edges of the LSC paintings to generate power. Creativity in design, a central part of scientific discovery and advancement, is promoted throughout the painting and testing of LSC materials.
Analysis of buried etch-stop layers in silicon by nitrogen-ion implantation (1993)

The analysis of the etch-stop properties of layers obtained by substoichiometric nitrogen-ion implantation and annealing in silicon has been performed as a function of the implantation conditions. The analysis of the etching efficiency has been tested in TMAH-IPA systems. The results obtained show the need to implant at doses higher than 2×!017cmMIN2 to obtain etch-stop layers stable under high-temperatures annealing. So, for implantation doses of 5 × 1017cmMIN2, layers stand unetched for times longer than 2 h. The preliminary structural analysis of the samples suggests the presence of an amorphous silicon nitride layer for higher implantation doses.
Unpredication, unscheduling, unspeculation: reverse engineering Itanium executables (2005)

EPIC (explicitly parallel instruction computing) architectures, exemplified by the Intel Itanium, support a number of advanced architectural features, such as explicit instruction-level parallelism, instruction predication, and speculative loads from memory. However, compiler optimizations that take advantage of these features can profoundly restructure the program's code, making it potentially difficult to reconstruct the original program logic from an optimized Itanium executable. This paper describes techniques to undo some of the effects of such optimizations and thereby improve the quality of reverse engineering such executables.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor renography. Pathophysiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects in renal artery stenosis (1994)

Journal Article Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor renography. Pathophysiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects in renal artery stenosis Get access E. B. Pedersen E. B. Pedersen Department of Medicine and Nephrology C, Skejby Hospital, University Hospital in AarhusAarhus, Denmark Correspondence and offprint requests to: Erling Bjerregaard Pedersen, Department of Medicine and Nephrology C, Skejby Hospital, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 9, Issue 5, 1994, Pages 482–492, https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/9.5.482 Published: 01 January 1994 Article history Received: 11 May 1993 Accepted: 28 September 1993 Published: 01 January 1994
Depolarization Field and Stability Considerations in Thin Ferroelectric Films (1973)

It is shown that the polarization in a thin ferroelectric film is always incompletely compensated. The associated depolarization field significantly modifies the phase stability of a ferroelectric film of sufficiently small thickness. For a slightly conducting ferroeletric film sandwiched between metallic electrodes, the polarization and transition temperature are depressed below the bulk values but the order of the phase transition remains unchanged. With semiconducting electrodes, even the order of the phase transition is modified for a thin ferroelectric film. A critical point exponent is calculated in each case within the framework of the Landau Theory. The results are compared and contrasted with the findings for other cooperative phenomena.
High Mobility in a Stable Transparent Perovskite Oxide (2012)

We discovered that La-doped BaSnO3 with the perovskite structure has an unprecedentedly high mobility at room temperature while retaining its optical transparency. In single crystals, the mobility reached 320 cm^2(Vs)^-1 at a doping level of 8x10^19 cm^-3, constituting the highest value among wide-band-gap semiconductors. In epitaxial films, the maximum mobility was 70 cm^2(Vs)^-1 at a doping level of 4.4x10^20 cm^-3. We also show that resistance of (Ba,La)SnO3 changes little even after a thermal cycle to 530 Deg. C in air, pointing to an unusual stability of oxygen atoms and great potential for realizing transparent high-frequency, high-power functional devices.
Locating 4-thiouridylate in the primary structure of transfer ribonucleic acids (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLocating 4-thiouridylate in the primary structure of transfer ribonucleic acidsEdward B. Ziff and Jacques R. FrescoCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 8, 3242–3248Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00836a016https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00836a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Zone plates with black focal spots (1992)

Computer-designed linear and circular zone plates are considered that utilize a pi ;-phase jump in order to create destructive interference in the focus. Intensity distributions in the focal plane as well as along the optical axis are calculated for a few examples. A significant decrease of the black spot diameter in comparison with the dimensions of the ordinary focal spot is obtained. Further reduction is achieved when the central region of the zone plate is obstructed. Some applications to alignment and the schlieren technique are suggested. Experimental results that confirm the calculated distributions are presented.
Garageband 2 for Mac OS X: Visual QuickStart Guide (2005)

Written by a longtime musician and choral conductor, this to-the-point guide uses simple step-by-step instructions, loads of screenshots, and plenty of of time-saving tips to show readers how to transform their Macs into audio production studios using GarageBand 2 (included free on all new Macintosh computers, or for $79 as part of the iLife '05 suite). Budding musicians will learn how to turn their Macs into any of the dozens of included instruments; record with any MIDI keyboard, guitar, or microphone; tune their guitar or bass with GarageBand's new built-in tuner; mix their hits with professional effects and settings; take advantage of GarageBand's eight-track recording capabilities; explore more than a thousand prerecorded music loops (or create their own), and more.
Recent functional material based approaches to prevent and detect counterfeiting (2013)

Technological advances made in constructing high-resolution instrumentation have enabled fabrication of sophisticated counterfeit products. As a result, the need to develop novel anti-counterfeiting materials and systems is greatly increasing. Accordingly, various functional materials that display distinct chemical, physical as well as optical and electrical properties have been investigated for preventing and detecting counterfeiting. In this feature article, we describe recent strategies that have been devised for anti-counterfeiting purposes that focus on colorimetric and fluorometric approaches that are employed in the determination of the authenticity of banknotes, documents, medicine, etc. In addition, methods of incorporating organic electronics on banknotes as active authentication tools as well as molecular imaging techniques based on mass spectrometry are briefly described.