gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Topographic Laser Ranging and Scanning (2010)

Introduction to Laser Ranging, Profiling, and Scanning, G. Petrie and C. K. Toth Airborne and Spaceborne Laser Profilers and Scanners, G. Petrie and C. K. Toth Terrestrial Laser Scanners, G. Petrie and C. K. Toth LiDAR Systems and Calibration, A. Wehr Pulsed Laser Altimeter Ranging Techniques and Implications for Terrain Mapping, D. Harding Georeferencing Component of LiDAR Systems, N. El-Sheimy Waveform Analysis for Small-Footprint Pulsed Laser Systems, U. Stilla and B. Jutzi Strip Adjustment and Registration, C. K. Toth Accuracy, Quality Assurance, and Quality Control of LiDAR Data, A. Habib Management of LIDAR Data, L. Graham LiDAR Data Filtering and DTM Generation, N. Pfeifer Forest Inventory Using Small-Footprint Airborne Lidar, J. Hyyppa, H. Hyyppa, X. Yu, H. Kaartinen, A. Kukko, and M. Holopainen Integration of LiDAR and Photogrammetric Data: Triangulation and Ortho Rectification, A. Habib Feature Extraction from Lidar Data in Urban Areas, F. Bretar Building Extraction from LiDAR Point Clouds Based on Clustering Techniques, J. Shan and A. Sampath Building and Road Extraction by LiDAR and Imagery, F. Rottensteiner and S. Clode A Data-Driven Method for Modeling 3D Building Objects Using a Binary Space Partitioning Tree, G. Sohn, X. Huang, and V. Tao A Framework for Automated Construction of Building Models from Airborne LIDAR Measurements, K. Zhang Quality of Buildings Extracted from Airborne Laser Scanning Data: Results of an Empirical Investigation on 3D Building Reconstruction, E. Gulch, H. Kaartinen, and J. Hyyppa Index
Parainfluenza 2 Virus: Increase in Hemagglutinin Titer on Treatment With Tween-80 and Ether. (1966)

SummaryTreatment with Tween-80 and ether resulted in a marked increase in hemagglutination (HA) titer of parainfluenza 2 virus, a slight increase for parainfluenza 3 and mumps viruses and no increase for parainfluenza 1. This parainfluenza 2 hemagglutinin had no infectivity, and the HA titer remained unaltered at 4°C for 8 weeks. The hemagglutination inhibiting antibody titers of sera tested with this antigen were slightly higher than the titers obtained with untreated antigen.
Near-optimal sequential testing algorithms for multiple fault isolation (2002)

In this paper, we consider the problem of constructing near-optimal test sequencing algorithms for diagnosing multiple faults. The computational complexity of solving the optimal multiple-fault isolation problem is super-exponential, that is, it is much more difficult than the single-fault isolation problem, which in itself is an NP-hard problem. Our approach is to extend the single fault sequential testing algorithms of our previous work (1990, 1991) to a class of sure strategies for diagnosing multiple faults. The proposed static diagnostic strategies are illustrated using several examples. Computational results based on real-world systems indicate that these static strategies can be used on systems with as many as 600 failure sources and 600 tests. Further, using sure strategies, an online test strategy generation program has been implemented to diagnose multiple faults in larger systems with as many as 10,000 failure sources.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tissue engineering for the nervous system (2018)

Tissue engineering for the brain emerged as a promising therapy for traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) after the discovery of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the subgranular zone (SGZ). Combining NSCs with novel bioactive scaffolds may encourage and direct tissue regeneration and ultimately repair tissue damaged due to injuries. In this thesis, a number of collagen-based scaffolds were fabricated into an interlaced network structure. The scaffolds comprised collagen (Coll), hyaluronic acids (HA) and chondroitin sulfates (CS), where the latter two are commonly-found glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the brain’s extracellular matrix (ECM). Our novel tri-interlaced network scaffold, Coll-CS-HA, is the first to be constructed, characterized and tested on NSCs. The synthesis method successfully incorporated HA and/or CS into the interlaced scaffolds, as demonstrated by FTIR, EDX and histology. Compressive testing and SEM also showed that the interlaced scaffolds had consistent and adequate mechanical properties and pore structure suitable for NSC growth. Further cell biology studies demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of all scaffolds as evidenced by high cell survival. Interlaced scaffolds encouraged higher cell differentiation, shown by a halved nestin expression, a marker for NSCs, compared to Coll. An increase in MAP2 expression, a marker for mature neurons, by 50-100% in proliferation and differentiation was also observed. Coll-CS scaffolds led to an increase in astrocytic differentiation shown by a doubled GFAP expression, which has been related to glial scar formation. As a result, Coll-HA and Coll-CS-HA may hold therapeutic potential to become candidates for future TBI treatments as they combined the advantage of adequate mechanical properties similar to that of brains, a high neuronal differentiation of around 40%, and a low astrocytic differentiation of around 20%.
Dexamethasone suppresses iNOS gene expression by upregulating I-κBα and inhibiting NF-κB (1997)

Cytokine-stimulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression is dependent on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation and is suppressed by glucocorticoids (GC). In this study we examined the molecular mechanisms of GC inhibition of iNOS expression in rat hepatocytes. Combinations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interferon-gamma (cytokine mixture CM) induced high levels of iNOS mRNA and NO synthesis. The synthetic GC dexamethasone markedly repressed iNOS mRNA and protein expression, and nuclear run-on assays showed that this inhibition was occurring at the level of transcription. In addition, transfection studies showed that CM-stimulated activity of a 1.6-kb murine iNOS promoter fragment linked upstream of luciferase was suppressed by dexamethasone. Electromobility shift assays demonstrated that CM induced the appearance of an NF-kappa B complex composed of p50 and p65 subunits; the addition of dexamethasone markedly decreased this band shift. I-kappa B alpha expression was decreased by CM and upregulated in the presence of dexamethasone. Subsequently, nuclear p65 levels were decreased by dexamethasone compared with CM-treated cells. Thus GC repress NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity in rat hepatocytes in part through the upregulation of its inhibitor I-kappa B alpha. These data indicate that one mechanism by which GC block iNOS expression is through the inhibition of NF-kappa B activation resulting in decreased iNOS transcription.
160 Gbit/s ATM switching system for public network (2002)

The ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) network is regarded as effective for a multimedia telecommunication environment that enables high-speed and broadband communication. This paper reports the development of the FETEX-150 ESP (Enhanced Switching Platform) which has been designed as an ATM switch in a public broadband network. To track the latest ATM standards and trends, a simple, scaleable, and open architecture was set forth for the FETEX-150 ESP design target at the beginning of the system design. This paper describes design concept and system architecture of the FETEX-150 ESP system from hardware and software design viewpoint. Also, this paper describes traffic management, system features and operation and maintenance features in the FETEX-150 ESP.
Handling data redundancy in helical cone beam reconstruction with a cone‐angle‐based window function and its asymptotic approximation (2007)

A cone-angle-based window function is defined in this manuscript for image reconstruction using helical cone beam filtered backprojection (CB-FBP) algorithms. Rather than defining the window boundaries in a two-dimensional detector acquiring projection data for computed tomographic imaging, the cone-angle-based window function deals with data redundancy by selecting rays with the smallest cone angle relative to the reconstruction plane. To be computationally efficient, an asymptotic approximation of the cone-angle-based window function is also given and analyzed in this paper. The benefit of using such an asymptotic approximation also includes the avoidance of functional discontinuities that cause artifacts in reconstructed tomographic images. The cone-angle-based window function and its asymptotic approximation provide a way, equivalent to the Tam-Danielsson-window, for helical CB-FBP reconstruction algorithms to deal with data redundancy, regardless of where the helical pitch is constant or dynamically variable during a scan. By taking the cone-parallel geometry as an example, a computer simulation study is conducted to evaluate the proposed window function and its asymptotic approximation for helical CB-FBP reconstruction algorithm to handle data redundancy. The computer simulated Forbild head and thorax phantoms are utilized in the performance evaluation, showing that the proposed cone-angle-based window function and its asymptotic approximation can deal with data redundancy very well in cone beam image reconstruction from projection data acquired along helical source trajectories. Moreover, a numerical study carried out in this paper reveals that the proposed cone-angle-based window function is actually equivalent to the Tam-Danielsson-window, and rigorous mathematical proofs are being investigated.
Field effect semiconductor lasers (1980)

A new semiconductor laser, the field-effect semiconductor (FES) laser, in which the both sides of the active region are surrounded by the burying layers with the reverse-biased p-n junctions is proposed. The proposed FES laser is a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</tex> -switching device based on the direct control of laser beam intensity by the internal loss modulation through the field effect. The structure design and the operating principles of the device are discussed. Numerical solution shows that a pulsewidth shorter than 30 ps can be obtained.
Efficacy and tolerability of astemizole-D and Loratadine-D during prolonged, controlled allergen challenge in the Vienna Challenge Chamber. (1996)

This randomized, double-blind, single-dummy, cross-over trial was initiated to compare the efficacy and tolerability of once-daily astemizole-D (CAS 141623-30-5; 10 mg astemizole/240 mg pseudoephedrine) with twice-daily loratadine D (CAS 132316-36-0; 5 mg loratadine/120 mg pseudoephedrine) during prolonged, controlled allergen challenge in the Vienna Challenge Chamber. Twelve atopic patients participated in this study with a treatment duration of 3 days. Pollen challenges were made on days 1 and 3: the first to assess onset of drug action; the second to determine duration of drug effect. Drug efficacy was assessed using a number of standard objective and subjective measures. Onset of action was found to be generally comparable in both treatment groups for all parameters tested with a mean overall onset of action of 65 min during treatment with astemizole-D compared with 70 min on loratadine-D. As expected, astemizole-D tended to have a longer duration of action, with symptom severity lower with this agent than with loratadine-D during the second challenge session despite the differences in dosing schedule. However, inter-group differences did not attain statistical significance. Patient evaluations of therapeutic efficacy confirm these findings. Both drugs were well-tolerated, although a non-significant trend towards greater sleep impairment was seen during treatment with loratadine-D. In conclusion, astemizole-D was shown to be at least as effective and well tolerated as loratadine-D for the treatment of allergen-induced rhinoconjunctivitis during prolonged, controlled allergen challenge.
Oxygen Reduction Kinetics on Electrodeposited Pt, Pt[sub 100−x]Ni[sub x], and Pt[sub 100−x]Co[sub x] (2008)

The kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on a series of electrodeposited and alloy films were examined in comparison to electrodeposited Pt and mechanically polished polycrystalline Pt. The alloys were electrodeposited at potentials positive of that required to grow the pure iron group metal. The growth process is ascribed to strong bonding enthalpy between Pt and the iron group metals that can be envisioned as iron-group underpotential deposition (upd) on Pt surface sites coupled with ongoing Pt overpotential electrodeposition. Rotating disk electrode measurements of the ORR kinetics, normalized for the H upd electroactive area, indicate a to 2.7-fold catalytic enhancement on and when is in the range of 25–35, as compared to electrodeposited Pt films grown under similar conditions. An even greater ORR enhancement factor, between 3 and 4.8, was noted for dealloyed transition metal-rich films. Different schemes for integrating the electrodeposition (and dealloying) process into the fabrication of fuel cell membrane electrode array are also briefly discussed.
Transport of Powders through Rotary Kilns: Experimental Study and Modelling (1999)

International audience
Population Genetic Variation in Genome-Wide Gene Expression (2003)

Evolutionary biologists seek to understand which traits display variation, are heritable, and influence differential reproduction, because such traits respond to natural selection and underlie organic evolution. Selection acts upon individual differences within a population. Whether individual differences within a natural population include variation in gene expression levels has not yet been addressed on a genome-wide scale. Here we use DNA microarray technology for measuring comparative gene expression and a refined statistical analysis for the purpose of comparing gene expression levels in natural isolates of the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A method for the Bayesian analysis of gene expression levels is used to compare four natural isolates of S. cerevisiae from Montalcino, Italy. Widespread variation in amino acid metabolism, sulfur assimilation and processing, and protein degradation-primarily consisting of differences in expression level smaller than a factor of 2-is demonstrated. Genetic variation in gene expression among isolates from a natural population is present on a genomic scale. It remains to be determined what role differential gene expression may play in adaptation to new or changing environments.
Cloud Log Forensics (2016)

Cloud log forensics (CLF) mitigates the investigation process by identifying the malicious behavior of attackers through profound cloud log analysis. However, the accessibility attributes of cloud logs obstruct accomplishment of the goal to investigate cloud logs for various susceptibilities. Accessibility involves the issues of cloud log access, selection of proper cloud log file, cloud log data integrity, and trustworthiness of cloud logs. Therefore, forensic investigators of cloud log files are dependent on cloud service providers (CSPs) to get access of different cloud logs. Accessing cloud logs from outside the cloud without depending on the CSP is a challenging research area, whereas the increase in cloud attacks has increased the need for CLF to investigate the malicious activities of attackers. This paper reviews the state of the art of CLF and highlights different challenges and issues involved in investigating cloud log data. The logging mode, the importance of CLF, and cloud log-as-a-service are introduced. Moreover, case studies related to CLF are explained to highlight the practical implementation of cloud log investigation for analyzing malicious behaviors. The CLF security requirements, vulnerability points, and challenges are identified to tolerate different cloud log susceptibilities. We identify and introduce challenges and future directions to highlight open research areas of CLF for motivating investigators, academicians, and researchers to investigate them.
The impact of stromal cell contamination on chemosensitivity testing of head and neck carcinoma. (2004)

Multidrug-resistant stromal cells preclude the reliable assessment of the chemoresponse of HNSCC specimens. Carefiul correction for stromal cell effects is a prerequisite for the generation of therapeutically useful information.
Analysis and prediction of acoustic speech features from mel-frequency cepstral coefficients in distributed speech recognition architectures (2008)

The aim of this work is to develop methods that enable acoustic speech features to be predicted from mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) vectors as may be encountered in distributed speech recognition architectures. The work begins with a detailed analysis of the multiple correlation between acoustic speech features and MFCC vectors. This confirms the existence of correlation, which is found to be higher when measured within specific phonemes rather than globally across all speech sounds. The correlation analysis leads to the development of a statistical method of predicting acoustic speech features from MFCC vectors that utilizes a network of hidden Markov models (HMMs) to localize prediction to specific phonemes. Within each HMM, the joint density of acoustic features and MFCC vectors is modeled and used to make a maximum a posteriori prediction. Experimental results are presented across a range of conditions, such as with speaker-dependent, gender-dependent, and gender-independent constraints, and these show that acoustic speech features can be predicted from MFCC vectors with good accuracy. A comparison is also made against an alternative scheme that substitutes the higher-order MFCCs with acoustic features for transmission. This delivers accurate acoustic features but at the expense of a significant reduction in speech recognition accuracy.
Proteobacterial ArfA Peptides Are Synthesized from Non-stop Messenger RNAs (2012)

The translation of non-stop mRNA (which lack in-frame stop codons) represents a significant quality control problem for all organisms. In eubacteria, the transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA) system facilitates recycling of stalled ribosomes from non-stop mRNA in a process termed trans-translation or ribosome rescue. During rescue, the nascent chain is tagged with the tmRNA-encoded ssrA peptide, which promotes polypeptide degradation after release from the stalled ribosome. Escherichia coli possesses an additional ribosome rescue pathway mediated by the ArfA peptide. The E. coli arfA message contains a hairpin structure that is cleaved by RNase III to produce a non-stop transcript. Therefore, ArfA levels are controlled by tmRNA through ssrA-peptide tagging and proteolysis. Here, we examine whether ArfA homologues from other bacteria are also regulated by RNase III and tmRNA. We searched 431 arfA coding sequences for mRNA secondary structures and found that 82.8% of the transcripts contain predicted hairpins in their 3'-coding regions. The arfA hairpins from Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis, Vibrio fischeri, and Pasteurella multocida are all cleaved by RNase III as predicted, whereas the hairpin from Neisseria gonorrhoeae functions as an intrinsic transcription terminator to generate non-stop mRNA. Each ArfA homologue is ssrA-tagged and degraded when expressed in wild-type E. coli cells, but accumulates in mutants lacking tmRNA. Together, these findings show that ArfA synthesis from non-stop mRNA is a conserved mechanism to regulate the alternative ribosome rescue pathway. This strategy ensures that ArfA homologues are only deployed when the tmRNA system is incapacitated or overwhelmed by stalled ribosomes.
The Hydrogenation of 3-Methylcyclopentane-1,2,4-trione<sup>1</sup> (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Hydrogenation of 3-Methylcyclopentane-1,2,4-trione1Milton Orchin and Lewis W. ButzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 12, 2296–2299Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01252a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01252a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Israel, los indignados y la política genocida-expansionista ¿crisis, cambio o continuidad de un sistema? (2011)

En el presente articulo se analizan algunos factores que pueden influir en la desestabilizacion del Estado de Israel ante el actual panorama de crisis sociopolitica, entre los que se encuentran: la inmigracion, el caracter judio del Estado frente a una profunda division religiosa que se profundiza, la cuestion de los asentamientos y la continuidad de una politica dirigida a construir todavia muchos mas. Todo ello en el marco de una fragmentacion social y politica que incidira sin lugar a dudas en el futuro y estabilidad del Estado.AbstractThis article discusses some factors that may influence the destabilization of the State of Israel vis a vis the current scenario of  ocio-political crisis.  Among these factors are: immigration; the Jewish character of the State facing a deepening religious divide; the settlements issue and the continuation of a policy that foster the expansion of those settlements.  All this in the context of social and political fragmentation that undoubtedly will affect the future stability of Israel.
Biodistribution and Genetic Stability of the Novel Antitumor Agent VNP20009, a Genetically Modified Strain of<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> (2000)

VNP20009 is a genetically modified strain of Salmonella typhimurium possessing an excellent safety profile, including genetically stable attenuated virulence (a deletion in the purI gene), reduction of septic shock potential (a deletion in the msbB gene), and antibiotic susceptibility. VNP20009 is genetically stable after multiple generations in vitro and in vivo. In mice, VNP20009 is rapidly cleared from the blood from a peak level of 1x104 cfu/mL to undetectable levels in 24 h. In tumor-bearing mice, VNP20009 accumulates preferentially in tumors over livers at a ratio of 1000&rcolon;1. In nonhuman primates, VNP20009 was also rapidly cleared from the blood, from a peak level of 1.0x106 cfu/mL to undetectable levels in 24 h. VNP20009 was detected in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow of monkeys; the amount decreased over time, and VNP20009 was cleared from all organs by day 41; no VNP20009 could be detected in the urine or feces of the monkeys. VNP20009 is genetically stable after many generations of growth (>140) both in vitro and in vivo.