gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting regenerative exosomes to myocardial infarction using cardiac homing peptide (2018)

<b>Rationale:</b> Cardiac stem cell-derived exosomes have been demonstrated to promote cardiac regeneration following myocardial infarction in preclinical studies. Recent studies have used intramyocardial injection in order to concentrate exosomes in the infarct. Though effective in a research setting, this method is not clinically appealing due to its invasive nature. We propose the use of a targeting peptide, cardiac homing peptide (CHP), to target intravenously-infused exosomes to the infarcted heart. <b>Methods:</b> Exosomes were conjugated with CHP through a DOPE-NHS linker. <i>Ex vivo</i> targeting was analyzed by incubating organ sections with the CHP exosomes and analyzing with fluorescence microscopy. <i>In vitro</i> assays were performed on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cells. For the animal study, we utilized an ischemia/reperfusion rat model. Animals were treated with either saline, scramble peptide exosomes, or CHP exosomes 24 h after surgery. Echocardiography was performed 4 h after surgery and 21 d after surgery. At 21 d, animals were sacrificed, and organs were collected for analysis. <b>Results:</b> By conjugating the exosomes with CHP, we demonstrate increased retention of the exosomes within heart sections <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> with neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. <i>In vitro</i> studies showed improved viability, reduced apoptosis and increased exosome uptake when using CHP-XOs. Using an animal model of ischemia/reperfusion injury, we measured the heart function, infarct size, cellular proliferation, and angiogenesis, with improved outcomes with the CHP exosomes. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results demonstrate a novel method for increasing delivery of for treatment of myocardial infarction. By targeting exosomes to the infarcted heart, there was a significant improvement in outcomes with reduced fibrosis and scar size, and increased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis.
Preparation of Large Calcium-Tungstate Crystals Containing Paramagnetic Ions for Maser Applications (1960)

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miR-503 represses CUG-binding protein 1 translation by recruiting CUGBP1 mRNA to processing bodies (2011)

microRNAs (miRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) jointly regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and are involved in many aspects of cellular functions. The RBP CUG-binding protein 1 (CUGBP1) destabilizes and represses the translation of several target mRNAs, but the exact mechanism that regulates CUGBP1 abundance remains elusive. In this paper, we show that miR-503, computationally predicted to associate with three sites of the CUGBP1 mRNA, represses CUGBP1 expression. Overexpression of an miR-503 precursor (pre-miR-503) reduced the de novo synthesis of CUGBP1 protein, whereas inhibiting miR-503 by using an antisense RNA (antagomir) enhanced CUGBP1 biosynthesis and elevated its abundance; neither intervention changed total CUGBP1 mRNA levels. Studies using heterologous reporter constructs revealed a greater repressive effect of miR-503 through the CUGBP1 coding region sites than through the single CUGBP1 3'-untranslated region target site. CUGBP1 mRNA levels in processing bodies (P-bodies) increased in cells transfected with pre-miR-503, while silencing P-body resident proteins Ago2, RCK, or LSm4 decreased miR-503-mediated repression of CUGBP1 expression. Decreasing the levels of cellular polyamines reduced endogenous miR-503 levels and promoted CUGBP1 expression, an effect that was prevented by ectopic miR-503 overexpression. Repression of CUGBP1 by miR-503 in turn altered the expression of CUGBP1 target mRNAs and thus increased the sensitivity of intestinal epithelial cells to apoptosis. These findings identify miR-503 as both a novel regulator of CUGBP1 expression and a modulator of intestinal epithelial homoeostasis.
KAnalyze: a fast versatile pipelined K-mer toolkit (2014)

KAnalyze is available on SourceForge: https://sourceforge.net/projects/kanalyze/.
Auto-FedAvg: Learnable Federated Averaging for Multi-Institutional Medical Image Segmentation (2021)

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while preserving each participant's privacy, which is particularly beneficial to the medical field. FedAvg is a standard algorithm that uses fixed weights, often originating from the dataset sizes at each client, to aggregate the distributed learned models on a server during the FL process. However, non-identical data distribution across clients, known as the non-i.i.d problem in FL, could make this assumption for setting fixed aggregation weights sub-optimal. In this work, we design a new data-driven approach, namely Auto-FedAvg, where aggregation weights are dynamically adjusted, depending on data distributions across data silos and the current training progress of the models. We disentangle the parameter set into two parts, local model parameters and global aggregation parameters, and update them iteratively with a communication-efficient algorithm. We first show the validity of our approach by outperforming state-of-the-art FL methods for image recognition on a heterogeneous data split of CIFAR-10. Furthermore, we demonstrate our algorithm's effectiveness on two multi-institutional medical image analysis tasks, i.e., COVID-19 lesion segmentation in chest CT and pancreas segmentation in abdominal CT.
Periodontal diseases and health: Consensus Report of the Sixth European Workshop on Periodontology (2008)

Prevalence of periodontitis: The data suggest a trend towards a lower prevalence of periodontitis in recent years. Adverse pregnancy outcome: The findings indicate a likely association between periodontal disease and an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. There is no evidence that treating periodontal disease decreases the rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Prevalence and distribution of periodontal pathogens: Genetic analysis of bacteria has demonstrated an unanticipated diversity within species. Carriage rates and particular subsets of these species vary between ethnic groups. Few of these differences can be related to differences in disease prevalence. Diabetes mellitus: Evidence on the association supports the concept of increased severity but not extent of periodontitis in subjects with poorly controlled diabetes. It is inconclusive that periodontal treatment results in improved metabolic control. Cardiovascular diseases: Evidence suggests that having periodontitis contributes to the total infectious and inflammation burden and may contribute to cardiovascular events and stroke in susceptible subjects. The impact of periodontal therapy must be further investigated.
Reinvigorating law for the business student:perceptions and reality (2010)

On numerous undergraduate degree programmes students are expected to undertake study of modules which are not perceived as 'core' to their studies. Law pervades many areas of study and there is an increasing need for students on a diverse range of courses to study aspects of the law. Our research focuses on evaluation of the teaching and learning approaches when delivering a module outside of the student’s main degree discipline. The research evaluates issues such as preferred learning styles and perceptions of law in relation to other modules within the student’s degree programme. This paper presents the findings of our research aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of student perceptions to the study of law. However, we believe the findings are relevant to students who study law on diverse other courses, and perhaps also to most students who are required to study aspects of a subject ‘outside’ the main focus of their degree.
SiPM performance in PET applications: An experimental and theoretical analysis (2009)

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are increasingly being studied for their use in clinical and pre-clinical PET applications. Many groups have evaluated the performance of Multi-Pixel Photon Counters (MPPCs) from Hamamatsu Photonics. When coupled to PET scintillator crystals, these devices have shown promising results in terms of energy and timing resolution. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the main factors that determine the performance of SiPM based PET detectors and to provide guidelines for further optimization towards the performance levels of state-of-the-art PMT detectors. We present a statistical signal analysis that links the energy and time resolution to fundamental device characteristics, such as photon detection efficiency, cell density, secondary avalanche probability and dark rate. The trade-offs and impact of these device parameters on the overall detector performance is analyzed and discussed.
Sum-frequency generation of continuous-wave light at 194 nm (1997)

Over 2 mW of continuous-wave tunable 194-nm light is produced by sum-frequency mixing approximately 500 mW of 792-nm and 500 mW of 257-nm radiation in beta-barium borate (BBO). The powers in both fundamental beams are enhanced in separate ring cavities whose optical paths overlap in the Brewster-cut BBO crystal. Due to the higher circulating fundamental powers, the sum-frequency-generated power is nearly 2 orders of magnitude greater than previously reported values.
Evidence for Functional Sympathetic Reinnervation of Left Ventricle and Coronary Arteries After Orthotopic Cardiac Transplantation in Humans (1995)

Stimulation of reinnervating sympathetic neurons with tyramine in transplant recipients causes a significant but subnormal increase in dP/dt and a transient decrease in CBFV, suggesting that reinnervating sympathetic neurons can produce physiologically meaningful changes in left ventricular function and coronary artery tone.
Problemstellung und Vorgehensweise (2000)

Der Markt für Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien befindet sich seit geraumer Zeit weltweit in einer Phase des Umbruchs. Immer mehr Daten können in immer kürzerer Zeit transportiert und verarbeitet werden, insbesondere in und zwischen Unternehmen. Die Unternehmen sind gezwungen, die Potentiale neuer Kommunikations- und Informationstechniken zu nutzen, um wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben.
The aggregation kinetics of Alzheimer's β‐amyloid peptide is controlled by stochastic nucleation (2005)

We report here a recombinant expression system that allows production of large quantities of Alzheimer's Abeta(1-40) peptide. The material is competent to dissolve in water solutions with "random-coil properties," although its conformation and factual oligomerization state are determined by the physico-chemical solution conditions. When dissolved in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at 37 degrees C, the peptide is able to undergo a nucleated polymerization reaction. The aggregation profile is characteristically bipartite, consisting of lag and growth phase. From these curves we determined the lag time as well as the rate of aggregation. Both values were found to depend on peptide concentration and addition or formation of seeds. Moreover, they can vary considerably between apparently identical samples. These data imply that the nucleation event is under influence of a stochastic factor that can manifest itself in profound macroscopic differences in the aggregation kinetics of otherwise indistinguishable samples.
Observation of a Hot High-Current Electron Beam from a Self-Modulated Laser Wakefield Accelerator (2001)

A highly relativistic electron beam produced by a 50 TW laser-plasma accelerator has been characterized by photonuclear techniques. The beam has large divergence that increases with plasma density. The electron yield also increases with plasma density and reaches up to 4x10(11) electrons ( >10 MeV), with beam current approaching the Alfvén limit. Effective electron temperatures exceeding 8 MeV are found, leading to an order of magnitude higher photonuclear activation yield than in solid target experiments with the same laser system.
Patrolling the Empire reflections on the USS Pueblo (1972)

The U.S.S. Pueblo, an electronic intelligence collection ship, was seized by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) off the port of Wǒnsan on January 23, 1968. For seven days world attention shifted from Vietnam and the seige of Khesanh to the North Korean-American confrontation. War in Korea was possible. On January 30, 1968, the Vietcong launched the Tet offensive. Fighting reached the door of the American Embassy and attention flitted back to Vietnam.
Experimental investigation on cellular breakup of a planar liquid sheet from an air-blast nozzle (2004)

The cellular breakup phenomenon is investigated experimentally for a planar liquid sheet from an air-blast nozzle. The dominant sinuous wave growing spatially downstream forms complicated cellular structures of perforated thin films and surrounding ligaments. Several characteristic parameters are measured from photographic images and compared with linear temporal analysis. The dominant wavelength is proportional to the inverse square of the relative velocity between air and liquid. The estimated breakup time matches the growth time of the most unstable wave, while the breakup length corresponds to a product of breakup time and liquid velocity. Numerical simulation shows a substantially reduced mean effective velocity near flow reattachment region of the air stream. Air turbulence seems to play a major role on initial perturbations of cellular breakup in the given nozzle configuration. The measured spatial growth rates are always less than linear predictions due to deviation from the linear regime at higher amplitudes.
Linear synchronous motor development for urban and rapid transit systems (1979)

The following paper presents and discusses technical variants in magnetic suspension-repelling permanent magnets, electrodynamic and electromagnetic suspension methods, controlled lift magnets. In addition, propulsion methods for magnetically suspended vehicles are also shown. The synchronous long stator linear motor has achieved particular importance since it makes possible an efficient energy conversion. The load-carrying capacity is not reduced by the weight of the drive and the layout enables a very good integration of the lift and thrust functions. A further reduction of the on-board power requirements can be achieved by using permanent magnets to generate the rated induction in the air gap. Several magnetic suspension systems constructed or under construction with the long stator method are also mentioned.
Application of machine vision systems in aquaculture with emphasis on fish: state‐of‐the‐art and key issues (2016)

Abstract Demands of aquatic products are increasing dramatically during past decades. Also quality assurance has gradually received more attention by both producers and consumers. Thus, fish producers are exploring all possible approaches for improving the productivity and profitability. Monitoring of fish state and behaviour during cultivation may help to improve profitability for producers and also reduce the threat of severe loss because of disease and stress incidents. It is necessary to evaluate and measure quality of fish products in accurate, fast and objective way for meeting the different demands of the fish‐processing industry after harvesting. Traditional methods are usually time‐consuming, expensive, laborious and invasive. Using rapid, inexpensive and noninvasive methods is therefore important and desirable. Optical sensors and machine vision system provide the possibility of developing faster, cheaper and noninvasive methods for in situ and after harvesting monitoring of quality in aquaculture. This review describes the most recent technologies and the suitability of different optical sensors for the fish farming management and also assessment, measurement and prediction of fish products quality. Two major areas of optical sensors applications in aquaculture are discussed in this review: (i) preharvesting and during cultivation; and (ii) post‐harvesting. Finally, accuracy and uncertainty of optical sensors applications in aquaculture are discussed. This review showed that MVSs and optical sensors have found real‐world application based on tremendous possibility offered by digital camera development and increasing the speed of computer‐based processing; however, still new algorithms, methods and re‐engineered sensors need to be developed to meet real‐world requirements.
Validation of oligoarrays for quantitative exploration of the transcriptome (2008)

The oligoarrays and TransCount provide quantitative transcript concentrations that are correlated to MPSS and SAGE data, but, the absolute scale of the measurements differs across the technologies. The discrepancy questions whether the sum of all transcripts within a single cell might be higher than the number of 5.105 suggested in the literature and used to convert tag counts to transcripts per cell. If so, this may explain the apparent higher transcript detection efficiency of the oligoarrays, and has to be clarified before absolute transcript concentrations can be interchanged across the technologies. The ability to obtain transcript concentrations from oligoarrays opens up the possibility of efficient generation of universal transcript databases with low resource demands.
Isolation and Structure Determination of Six Glucocerebrosides from the Starfish Luidia maculata. (2002)

Two new glucocerebrosides, luidiacerebroside A (2) and B (6), were isolated from the cerebroside molecular species obtained from the less polar fraction of the CHCl3/MeOH extract of the starfish Luidia maculata using HPLC. Four known cerebrosides, CE-2b (1), astrocerebroside B (3), acanthacerebroside B (4), and CE-3-2 (5) have also been isolated and characterized. The structures of these cerebrosides were determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Mass spectrometry of dimethyl disulfide derivatives was useful for the determination of the double-bond position in the long-chain base.
Discovering Relevance-Dependent Bicluster Structure from Relational Data (2017)

In this paper, we propose a statistical model for relevance-dependent biclustering to analyze relational data. The proposed model factorizes relational data into bicluster structure with two features: (1) each object in a cluster has a relevance value, which indicates how strongly the object relates to the cluster and (2) all clusters are related to at least one dense block. These features simplify the task of understanding the meaning of each cluster because only a few highly relevant objects need to be inspected. We introduced the Relevance-Dependent Bernoulli Distribution (R-BD) as a prior for relevance-dependent binary matrices and proposed the novel Relevance-Dependent Infinite Biclustering (R-IB) model, which automatically estimates the number of clusters. Posterior inference can be performed efficiently using a collapsed Gibbs sampler because the parameters of the R-IB model can be fully marginalized out. Experimental results show that the R-IB extracts more essential bicluster structure with better computational efficiency than conventional models. We further observed that the biclustering results obtained by R-IB facilitate interpretation of the meaning of each cluster.
Predictive control development for non-minimum phase processes with application in food manufacturing (2005)

In this paper, an improved predictive control approach is developed for nonminimum phase (NMP) processes. It gives good performance for command-tracking and robustness against plant parameter variations. The algorithm is simple and easily implementable. Simulation shows that the algorithm works well for a large range of NMP plants with constant control parameter settings. Application in control of the food extrusion process verifies the effectiveness of the approach.
Two-dimensional electron gases in strained quantum wells for AlN/GaN/AlN double heterostructure field-effect transistors on AlN (2014)

Double heterostructures of strained GaN quantum wells (QWs) sandwiched between relaxed AlN layers provide a platform to investigate the quantum-confined electronic and optical properties of the wells. The growth of AlN/GaN/AlN heterostructures with varying GaN quantum well thicknesses on AlN by plasma molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is reported. Photoluminescence spectra provide the optical signature of the thin GaN QWs. Reciprocal space mapping in X-ray diffraction shows that a GaN layer as thick as ∼28 nm is compressively strained to the AlN layer underneath. The density of the polarization-induced two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the undoped heterostructures increases with the GaN QW thickness, reaching ∼2.5 × 1013/cm2. This provides a way to tune the 2DEG channel density without changing the thickness of the top barrier layer. Electron mobilities less than ∼400 cm2/Vs are observed, leaving ample room for improvement. Nevertheless, owing to the high 2DEG density, strained GaN QW field-effect transistors with MBE regrown ohmic contacts exhibit an on-current density ∼1.4 A/mm, a transconductance ∼280 mS/mm, and a cut off frequency fT∼104 GHz for a 100-nm-gate-length device. These observations indicate high potential for high-speed radio frequency and high voltage applications that stand to benefit from the extreme-bandgap and high thermal conductivity of AlN.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Is Associated with Platelets and Complement 4 in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. (2020)

In patients with pSS, the levels of VEGF-A were independently influenced by the levels of platelet and complement 4, which indicated the intermodulation between the growth factor and immune system in the autoimmune disease.
Applying symmetric and asymmetric key algorithms for the security in wireless networks (2010)

In a wireless network, open and wireless communication channels set the restriction of wired connections free, because wireless signal acts as the platform of data transmission. On the other hand, the open and shared nature of wireless networks also causes a number of security concerns. In particular, data confidentiality is one of the most important issues. As usual, cryptosystems are adopted to protect the data confidentiality and integrity, including symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms. However, due to the limitations of these algorithms, how to apply them to wireless and mobile networks is always a debatable topic. In this paper, we explore the issue of applying both symmetric and asymmetric key algorithms for data encryption and authentication. Then we propose an advisable solution for the application of these cryptographic algorithms, which not only takes advantage of symmetric key to provide the effective protection of data transmission, but also employs asymmetric key to authenticate a node reliably. We formalize the security analysis and show that our system owns effective and provable secure attributes based on rational combination of classic encryption algorithms. Thus, we avoid the weakness of these two cryptosystems and make use of their advantages to establish a secure environment, by the combination of symmetric and asymmetric key algorithms.