gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A multifractal approach for terrain characterization and classification on SAR images (2002)

Texture classification and contour extraction classical techniques usually have lower performances when applied to radar images, because of the presence of speckle. The authors' main purpose is to define both a contour extractor resistant to a noise of a known model and a complementary textural classifier; that could be applied on the various zones defined by the contouring processing, and that may take into account the offered information present in the speckle. The duality of the approach offered by the multifractal theory fits well to this purpose. In order to extract singularities from the images, the Holder exponent /spl alpha/ is computed around each point, before evaluating the fractal dimension a(/spl alpha/) of the subset of points having the same Holder exponent /spl alpha/. This implies the definition of a multifractal measure or capacity from the radar data that should be resistant enough to speckle. On the other hand, in order to characterize the different textures, the generalized dimensions D/sub q/ of order q are computed. Both approaches are unified in the sole multifractal theory, and require the definition of a measure or capacity with multifractal properties on a support (in our case radar data) which may not have intrinsically fractal properties. For the classification of real radar images from their multifractal spectral description (/spl alpha/,f(/spl alpha/)) or (q,D/sub q/), a Bayesian method is applied. The profound links found between multifractal and large deviation theories enables an estimate to be made of the a priori probabilities of the different classes. A preliminary study for the extraction of singularities has been made on synthetic images blurred by a known noise.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Die Dorfgemarkung als frühgeschichtliche Bodenurkunde (2015)

[nicht vorhanden / not available]
Analysis of Passivation-Film-Induced Stress Effects on Electrical Properties in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs (2010)

Effects of stress in passivation films on the electrical properties of (0001) AlGaN/GaN HEMTs are numerically analysed in the framework of the edge force model with anisotropical characteristics in elastic properties of group-III nitrides explicitly considered. Practical compressive stresses in passivation films induce negative piezoelectric charges below the gates and bring forth a-few-volt shallower threshold voltages. In addition, the shift in the threshold voltage due to the compressive stress is proportional to L G-1.1∼-1.5 with gate length L G, which is comparable to the expectation based on the charge balance scheme. These result suggest that passivation films with designed stress might play a crucial role in realising AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with shallow or positive threshold voltages.
Persistence and Improvement of Nasolabial Fold Correction with Nonanimal-Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid 100,000 Gel Particles/mL Filler on Two Retreatment Schedules: Results up to 18 Months on Two Retreatment Schedules (2008)

The improvements seen after initial treatment with NASHA 100,000 gel particles/mL filler persisted for up to 18 months with one retreatment. The response was equivalent for retreatment at 4.5 and 9 months.
Task/ambient conditioning systems: Engineering and application guidelines - eScholarship (1996)

During recent years an increasing amount of attention has been paid to air distribution systems that individually condition the immediate environments of office workers within their workstations. As with task/ambient lighting systems, the controls for the “task” components of these systems are partially or entirely decentralized and under the control of the occupants. Typically, the occupant has control over the speed and direction, and in some cases the temperature, of the incoming air supply. Variously called “task/ambient conditioning,” “localized thermal distribution,” and “personalized air conditioning” systems, these systems have been most commonly installed in open-plan office buildings in which they provide supply air and (in some cases) radiant heating directly into workstations. A large majority of these systems have included a raised access floor system through which underfloor air distribution is used to deliver conditioned air to the space through floor grills, or in conjunction with the workstation furniture and partitions. The purpose of this document is to present and discuss engineering and application guidelines and recommendations that encourage the intelligent design, installation, and operation of task/ambient conditioning (TAC) systems in commercial buildings. A well designed TAC system should take maximum advantage of the potential improvements in thermal comfort, ventilation performance, indoor air quality, and occupant satisfaction and productivity, while minimizing energy use and costs. The development of these guidelines is based on a compilation of available information, including (1) TAC system design experience described in the literature, (2) laboratory experiments on several TAC systems, (3) field studies of TAC systems installed and operated in buildings, (4) computer simulations of whole-building energy use with and without TAC systems, (5) a survey of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) engineers and manufacturers about TAC systems, and (6) the results of the Workshop on Task/Ambient Conditioning Systems in Commercial Buildings, May 4-5, 1995, held in San Francisco, California [Bauman 1995]. Since experience with TAC systems is still rather limited, the recommendations and guidelines contained in this guide represent our best estimates at this time of sound engineering judgment. As more information and experience becomes available, we expect to periodically revise and improve this document. The guide is intended for use by design engineers, architects, building owners, facility managers, equipment manufacturers and installers, utility engineers, researchers, and other users of TAC technology.
An Asymptotic Theory of Large Deviations for Markov Jump Processes (1985)

We present new asymptotic methods for the analysis of Markov jump processes. The methods, based on the WKB and other singular perturbation techniques, are applied directly to the Kolmogorov equations and not to approximate equations that come e.g. from diffusion approximations. For time homogeneous processes, we construct approximations to the stationary density function and the mean first passage time from a given domain. Examples involving a random walk and a problem in queueing theory are presented to illustrate our methods. For a class of time inhomogeneous processes, we construct long time approximations to the transition probability density function and the probability of large deviations from a stable state. The law of large numbers is obtained as a special case.
Coupling semiconductor nanocrystals to high-Q silica microspheres: cavity QED of quantum dots (2000)

Summary form only given. We have developed a novel QD microcavity by coupling core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals resonantly to whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of a silica microsphere. We have shown that this composite microcavity system features a photon lifetime of order 0.1 Js, corresponding to Q-factors of order 10/sup 8/, four to five orders of magnitude greater than that of other semiconductor microcavities. The extremely high-Q factors along with the very small mode volume allow us to achieve for the first time to our knowledge the good cavity limit of cavity QED of QDs, thus providing a model system for investigating effects of quantum transitions and decoherence in single QDs.
Can penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics be used to treat tuberculosis? (1995)

An increase in the number of tuberculosis cases caused by multiple-drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has stimulated search for new antituberculous agents. Beta-lactam antibiotics, traditionally regarded as ineffective against tuberculosis, merit consideration. Four major penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) with approximate molecular sizes of 94, 82, 52, and 37 kDa were detected by fluorography of [3H]penicillin-radiolabeled membrane proteins prepared from M. tuberculosis H37Ra. The presence of membrane-associated beta-lactamase precluded the use of membranes for assaying the binding affinities of beta-lactam antibiotics. Therefore, ampicillin affinity chromatography was used to purify these four PBPs from crude membranes in order to assay the binding affinities of beta-lactam antibiotics. Ampicillin, amoxicillin, and imipenem, beta-lactam antibiotics previously reported to be active in vitro against M. tuberculosis, bound to M. tuberculosis PBPs at therapeutically achievable concentrations. Binding of the 94-, 82-, and 52-kDa PBPs, but not the 37-kDa PBP, was associated with antibacterial activity, suggesting that these PBPs are the critical targets. Studies of mycobacterial cell wall permeability, which was assayed with a panel of reference cephalosporins and penicillins with different charge positivities, indicated that the rate of penetration of beta-lactam antibiotics to the target PBPs could not account for resistance. Resistance could be reversed with the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanate or sulbactam or could be circumvented by the use of a beta-lactamase-stable drug, imipenem, indicating that mycobacterial beta-lactamase, probably in conjunction with slow penetration, is a major determinant of M. tuberculosis resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. These findings confirm in vitro data that M. tuberculosis is susceptible to some beta-lactam antibiotics. Further evaluation of these drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis in animal models and in clinical trials is warranted.
A Method for Biotinylating Oligonucleotide Probes for Use in Molecular Hybridizations (1986)

A new method is described for biotinylation of oligonucleotide probes for use in molecular hybridization reactions. Biotin-11-dUTP residues were added enzymatically, using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, to the 3' terminus of a synthetic oligonucleotide prepared from the known nucleotide sequence for adenosine deaminase. The biotinylated probe was hybridized to DNA and mRNA selectively immobilized on nitrocellulose and detected by sequential incubation of the nitrocellulose membrane with avidin and biotinylated polyalkaline phosphatase, followed by colorimetric development. The biotinylated oligonucleotide probe proved useful for the qualitative detection of complementary DNA and mRNA sequences but was unsatisfactory for quantitative determinations using reflective densitometry.
Peritoneal endometriosis is an inflammatory disease (2012)

Peritoneal endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by increased numbers of peritoneal macrophages and their secreted products. Inflammation plays a major role in pain and infertility associated with endometriosis, but is also extensively involved in the molecular processes that lead to peritoneal lesion development. Peritoneal oxidative stress is currently thought to be a major constituent of the endometriosisassociated inflammatory response. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species, secondary to peritoneal influx of pro-oxidants such as heme and iron during retrograde menstruation, may induce cellular damage and increased proinflammatory gene expression through nuclear factorkappa B activation. In particular, prostaglandin biosynthetic enzyme expression is regulated by this transcriptional factor, and increased peritoneal prostaglandin concentrations have been demonstrated in endometriosis. In the light of available data collected from patient biopsies, as well as in vitro and in vivo studies, the respective involvement and potential molecular interactions of iron, nuclear factor-kappa B and prostaglandins in the pathogenesis of endometriosis are explored and discussed. The key role of peritoneal macrophages is emphasized and potential therapeutic targets are examined.
Acoustoelastic theory for plastically deformed solids. (1989)

In this paper, we have attempted to formulate precisely a generalized acoustoelastic theory by extending the theory proposed by Kobayashi [1987], which was derived to evaluate the acoustoelastic effects of ultrasonic waves induced by slight orthotropy in elasticity and plastic anisotropy growth in the plastically deformed solids. Mereover, in order to examine the accuracy of the proposed theory, the numerical calculations of the transverse wave velocity changes in elastoplastic range were carried out and compared with the experimental data on a commercially available pure aluminum specimen subjected to uniaxial tension. The good agreement between theoretical and experimental results indicates that the plastic anisotropy is closely related to the acoustoelastic effects through the elastoplastic coupling strain-rate induced by the vertex-like yield effects at the corner of the yield surface.
Zur Bildung und Reaktivität di‐<i>tert</i>‐alkylsubstituierter Phenylalkene (1980)

Abstract Bei Versuchen zur Synthese von α‐Brom‐β,β‐di‐ tert ‐alkylstyrolen laufen molekulare Umlagerungen ab; die Strukturen der Reaktionsprodukte wurden aufgeklärt. Bei einem sperrig substituierten α‐Bromstyrol ist die Bildung der Grignardverbindung von der eines dimeren Kohlenwasserstoffs mit Allenstruktur begleitet.
The chemical constituents of Australian <i>Flindersia</i> species. XXI. An examination of the bark and the leaves of <i>F. laevicarpa</i> (1976)

From extracts of the bark of Flindersia laevicarpa C. T. White & Francis (Rutaceae), the known substances lupeol, ß-sitosterol, hesperidin and salicylic acid were isolated together with eight othersubstances. Three of them, flindercarpin-1, C25,H22O11, flindercarpin-2, C32H40O13,and flindercarpin-3, C26H32O9, were reserved for further study. The others were shown to be (-)-nerolidol,(+)- threo -1,5-diphenylpentane-1,3-diol, 2-(2-pheny1ethyl)chromone (flindersiachromone), its 2,3-dihydro derivative, and its 8-methoxy derivative (8-methoxyflindersiachromone).The leaves yielded hesperidin, flindercarpin-2, harmalan and five other products. A triterpene, flindersolide, C30H48O4, was reserved for further study. Acetylation of the harmalan mother liquors gave acetylharmalan, a mixture of dimers of the latter and also N-[2-(2-acetyl-3-indolyl)ethyl]acetamide, all of which are artefacts. The remaining substance, a flavone, carpachromene, C20H16O5, was shown to be 5-hydroxy-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b']dipyran-6-one.
<title>Dynamic properties of LC wavefront correctors and an adaptive system for optimal control selecting</title> (1999)

Different control methods of phase delay in the nematic liquid crystal layer are analyzed. The experimental optimization results of dual-frequency control voltage parameters are discussed and the adaptive system for hunting of these parameters is represented.
The binding of DNA to native type II collagen. (1983)

The demonstration that free DNA binds to collagen suggests that the local formation of collagen bound DNA-anti-DNA complexes might be important in the pathogenesis of some autoimmune disorders. We explored the interaction of single and double-stranded DNA (ssDNA and dsDNA) with native type II collagen. Each of 6 sera, known to contain antibodies to dsDNA and ssDNA, was employed in an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay as an antibody reagent for the detection of collagen bound DNA. Six sera without such antibodies served as controls. Our results indicate that significant binding of ssDNA (t = 3.22; p less than .005) and dsDNA (t = 3.06; p less than .01) to type II collagen occurs.
Increased Exosomal MicroRNA-21 and MicroRNA-146a Levels in the Cervicovaginal Lavage Specimens of Patients with Cervical Cancer (2014)

Well-run screening programs for cervical cancer in the population at risk have been shown to result in a sharp decrease in the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in a number of large populations. Expression patterns of a recently identified biomarker family, microRNA, appear to be characteristic of tumor type and developmental origin. Several tumors have been reported to actively release exosomes carrying microRNAs. The present study has determined the association of microRNAs with cervical cancer-derived exosomes. The cervical cancer-derived exosomes were enriched in the cervicovaginal lavages specimens and the abundance of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs was detected by electron microscopy, western blot analysis, RT-qPCR and microRNA target reporter vector. The microRNA-21 and microRNA-146a, which were up-regulated in cervical cancer patients, were associated with the high levels of cervical cancer-derived exosomes. In conclusion, we demonstrated the abundance of exosomes in the cervicovaginal lavage specimens of women with cervical cancer. Furthermore, our results indicated that abnormally high levels of microRNA-21 and microRNA-146a existed in the cervical cancer-derived exosomes and the two microRNAs were functional in 293T cells.
Density and distribution of canine conjunctival goblet cells. (1987)

Conjunctival goblet cells (GCs) were quantitated to establish baseline values for density and distribution of these cells in healthy canine eyes. From each of 18 sites, tissue was collected, sectioned at 2 micron, and stained with periodic acid Schiff stain. Within each sampling site, 500 epithelial cells (GCs, squamous, polygonal, and basal epithelial cells) were counted and the ratio of GCs to total epithelial cells was computed as an index of goblet cell density or goblet cell index (GCI). A heterogenous distribution of canine conjunctival goblets cells was demonstrated. Lower nasal fornix (LNf) and adjacent sites, lower middle fornix (LMf) and lower nasal tarsal (LNt), had the highest mean densities of goblet cells. In contrast, GCs were essentially absent from the upper and lower bulbar areas. Remaining sites had intermediate GCIs. Sex differences in GCIs were noted for LNf and LNt sites. Mean tear film breakup times (BUTs) were determined, and, for normal beagle dogs, were 19.38 (+/- 4.80 secs) OS and 19.96 (+/- 5.01 secs) OD. The similarities between canine and human conjunctival goblet cell distributions support the use of the dog for studying the conjunctival mucous system.
Treatment with siRNA and antisense oligonucleotides targeted to HIF‐1α induced apoptosis in human tongue squamous cell carcinomas (2004)

Overexpression of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in cancers has been correlated to a more aggressive tumor phenotype. We investigated the effect of HIF-1alpha knockout on the in vitro survival and death of human tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCC-4 and SCC-9). Under normoxic condition, a basal level of HIF-1alpha protein was constitutively expressed in SCC-9 cells, albeit an undetectable level of HIF-1alpha messages. Exposure to hypoxia induced only a transient increase in mRNA transcript but a prolonged elevation of HIF-1alpha protein and its immediate downstream target gene product, VEGF. Under normoxic or hypoxic conditions, treatment of SCC-9 cells with AS-HIF-1alpha ODN suppressed both constitutive and hypoxia-induced HIF-1alpha expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Knockout of HIF-1alpha gene expression via either AS-HIF-1alpha ODN or siRNA (siRNAHIF-1alpha) treatment resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in SCC-4 and SCC-9 cells. We also demonstrated that exposure of SCC-9 cells to hypoxia led to a time-dependent increase in the expression of bcl-2 and IAP-2, but not p53. The attenuated levels of bcl-2 and IAP-2, and the enhanced activity of caspase-3 after treatment with AS-HIF-1alpha ODN may contribute partly to the effects of HIF-1alpha blockade on SCC-9 cell death. Collectively, our data suggest that a constitutive or hypoxia-induced expression of HIF-1alpha in SCC-9 and SCC-4 cells is sufficient to confer target genes expression essential for tumor proliferation and survival. As a result, interfering with HIF-1alpha pathways by antisense or siRNA strategy may provide a therapeutic target for human tongue squamous cell carcinomas.
Characterization of Soluble Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule in Rat Brain, CSF, and Plasma (1992)

The polypeptide composition and glycosylation of soluble isoforms of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in developing rat brain, CSF, and plasma were characterized. Soluble NCAM in rat brain consisted of several glycosylated isoforms. The degree of glycosylation was developmentally regulated. After desialylation, four polypeptides of M(r) values of approximately 190,000 (s1), 135,000 (s2), 115,000 (s3), and 110,000 (s4) were observed. Polypeptides s1, s2, and s3 were also present in CSF, whereas only s3 and s4 were observed in plasma. Treatment of soluble brain NCAM with N-glycosidase F, which removes N-linked carbohydrates, produced polypeptides of M(r) values of approximately 190,000, 125,000, and 108,000-97,000. The monoclonal antibody OB11, which recognizes an epitope on the cytoplasmic part of transmembrane forms of NCAM, did not react with any of the soluble isoforms. Purified soluble NCAM, consisting mainly of s3, contained an N-terminal sequence identical to that of membrane-associated NCAM. Gel filtration of s3 indicated that it was present as a dimer under the chosen conditions. NCAM-expressing glioma cells adhered specifically to immobilized soluble NCAM. This implies that functionally significant soluble forms of NCAM are present in the extracellular fluid.
Methoxsalen and Sun-Tanning (1959)

Earlier observations by Fitzpatrick et al.<sup>1</sup>and others<sup>2-6</sup>suggested that methoxsalen, when taken internally and followed by exposure to sunlight, produced increased pigmentation and decreased burning of the skin. Controlled field trials in Arizona proved that pigmentation of the skin is augmented by the oral use of this drug.<sup>1</sup>However, the recent blind study by Daniels et al.<sup>7</sup>casts doubts on the effectiveness of this drug when taken in a dosage of 10 mg. The results of present investigation, which compares the effects of a sugar placebo and 20 mg. methoxsalen, indicate that methoxsalen in this high dose augments the tanning response. Experimental Method Identical-appearing tablets of methoxsalen<sup>*</sup>(10 mg.) and a lactose sugar placebo were issued under code numbers so that neither the physician nor the patient knew which preparation the patient received. Subjects consisted of patients and volunteers, who were
Simplified high-performance dual-band feed comprising a dual-depth corrugated launcher and a conventional corrugated horn (1984)

The design of a corrugated feed is presented which has a simplified configuration in comparison to a feed with dual-depth corrugations over its full length. It exhibits excellent electrical performance which is compatible with the requirements for frequency reuse application in satellite communication antennas. The feed consists of a short dual-depth corrugated launcher and a conventional corrugated horn. Important electrical characteristics of such a feed designated for operation in the standard bands of 4 and 6 GHz satellite communication links are presented.