gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An automatic data acquisition system for 3D reconstruction in echocardiography (2002)

Presents a system that allows the acquisition of 2D echographical images that can later be used for the reconstruction of a 3D representation of the human heart. The acquisition process is automatic, so that no interaction by the operator is necessary. The system is based on the so-called 'rotational method' and is conceived such that it can be used with virtually any existing echograph. The 2D images are provided in a digitized form and can be used instantly for further processing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Low divergence single-mode surface-emitting concentric-circular-grating terahertz quantum cascade lasers (2013)

We report the design, fabrication and experimental characterization of surface-emitting terahertz (THz) frequency quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) with distributed feedback concentric-circular-gratings. Single-mode operation is achieved at 3.73 THz with a side-mode suppression ratio as high as ~30 dB. The device emits ~5 times the power of a ridge laser of similar dimensions, with little degradation in the maximum operation temperature. Two lobes are observed in the far-field emission pattern, each of which has a divergence angle as narrow as ~13.5° × 7°. We demonstrate that deformation of the device boundary, caused by anisotropic wet chemical etching is the cause of this double-lobed profile, rather than the expected ring-shaped pattern.
A reference governor-based controller for a cable robot under input constraints (2005)

Cable-suspended robots are structurally similar to parallel actuated robots but with the fundamental difference that cables can only pull the end-effector but not push it. From a scientific point of view, this feature makes feedback control of cable-suspended robots lot more challenging than their counter- part parallel actuated robots. In this brief, we look into the control design for a nonredundant cable-suspended robot under positive input constraints. The design is based on feedback linearization controllers augmented with a reference governor (RG). This RG operates in accordance with the receding horizon strategy, by generating admissible reference signals, that do not violate the input constraints. An important issue in implementing such an algorithm for nonlinear systems is to predict the system behavior in a computationally efficient way. We show that feedback lin- earization controllers with the RG can offer an efficient way to predict the system's future states, using the error dynamics of inner feedback loop. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by numerical simulation and laboratory experiments on a 6-degree-of-freedom cable suspended robot.
Planar electromagnetic integration technologies for integrated EMI filters (2004)

Planar electromagnetic integration technology has been the topic of research over the last few years. Its applications to the resonant and nonresonant switch mode power supplies (SMPS) have been reported in the past. However, this technology was mostly applied in the integration of power electromagnetic components, such as HF transformers, resonant/choke inductors and resonant/blocking capacitors, for SMPS circuits. Very little work has been done on the subject of filter integration. Since an EMI filter has different functions and has different requirements, accordingly special technologies are required. To bridge this gap, technologies to improve the high frequency performance of the integrated EMI filter are proposed, which include reducing the equivalent series inductance (ESL), reducing equivalent parallel capacitance (EPC) and increasing the high frequency noise damping factor. Based on these technologies, an improved integrated EMI filter structure is developed. The effectiveness of these technologies has been evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA) simulation results. Experimental results are also given.
The algorithm to generate color point-cloud with the registration between panoramic image and laser point-cloud (2014)

Laser point cloud contains only intensity information and it is necessary for visual interpretation to obtain color information from other sensor. Cameras can provide texture, color, and other information of the corresponding object. Points with color information of corresponding pixels in digital images can be used to generate color point-cloud and is conducive to the visualization, classification and modeling of point-cloud. Different types of digital cameras are used in different Mobile Measurement Systems (MMS).the principles and processes for generating color point-cloud in different systems are not the same. The most prominent feature of the panoramic images is the field of 360 degrees view angle in the horizontal direction, to obtain the image information around the camera as much as possible. In this paper, we introduce a method to generate color point-cloud with panoramic image and laser point-cloud, and deduce the equation of the correspondence between points in panoramic images and laser point-clouds. The fusion of panoramic image and laser point-cloud is according to the collinear principle of three points (the center of the omnidirectional multi-camera system, the image point on the sphere, the object point). The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm and formulae in this paper are correct.
Interactive supercomputing (1999)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.
In-Situ Real-Time Focus Detection during Laser Processing Using Double-Hole Masks and Advanced Image Sensor Software (2017)

In modern high-intensity ultrafast laser processing, detecting the focal position of the working laser beam, at which the intensity is the highest and the beam diameter is the lowest, and immediately locating the target sample at that point are challenging tasks. A system that allows in-situ real-time focus determination and fabrication using a high-power laser has been in high demand among both engineers and scientists. Conventional techniques require the complicated mathematical theory of wave optics, employing interference as well as diffraction phenomena to detect the focal position; however, these methods are ineffective and expensive for industrial application. Moreover, these techniques could not perform detection and fabrication simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an optical design capable of detecting the focal point and fabricating complex patterns on a planar sample surface simultaneously. In-situ real-time focus detection is performed using a bandpass filter, which only allows for the detection of laser transmission. The technique enables rapid, non-destructive, and precise detection of the focal point. Furthermore, it is sufficiently simple for application in both science and industry for mass production, and it is expected to contribute to the next generation of laser equipment, which can be used to fabricate micro-patterns with high complexity.
The ITER project: status and prospects (1996)

The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is a fusion energy cooperative programme among the European Atomic Energy Community, the Governments of Japan, the Russian Federation and the United States of America. The main objective of the ITER Project is to achieve a controlled ignited burn time of 1000 seconds. The nominal fusion power is to be 1500 MW. During the first 10 years of operation the Basic Performance Phase, the machine should achieve typically a total of a few thousand hours of burn, while during the second phase, the Enhanced Performance Phase, a more extensive burn time is expected for material tests, energy extraction and tritium breeding tests. The machine is a tokamak and has a toroidal geometry. The plasma, with major and minor radii of respectively 8.1 and 2.8 m, will carry a current of 21 MA. The plasma current is induced and controlled by a set of large superconducting coils with a diameter up to 30 m. The confining toroidal magnetic field will be produced by a set of 20 large superconducting magnets with a total magnetic stored energy of 100 GJ and a maximum field at the winding of 12.5 T. The plasma and nuclear engineering features of the project are also described.
Single-Cell Measurements of Purine Release Using a Micromachined Electroanalytical Sensor (1998)

To study the cellular events surrounding the formation of purines in cardiac ischemia, we have micromachined a micrometer-scale titer chamber containing an integrated electrochemical sensor, capable of measuring analytes produced by a single heart cell. The analytical procedure involves the determination of metabolites via the amperometric detection of enzymically generated hydrogen peroxide, measured at a platinized microelectrode, poised at a suitably oxidizing potential, equivalent to +420 mV vs Ag/AgCl. Signals were recorded as current-time responses and were integrated to give a total charge (Q) attributable to the reaction under investigation. The amount of analyte produced by the cell was subsequently quantified by the addition of a known amount of calibrant. As a consequence, by using a cascade of three enzymes (adenosine deaminase, nucleotide phosphorylase, and xanthine oxidase), we were able to show that, after rigor contracture had been induced in a single myocyte, adenosine (but not inosine) only reached the extracellular space after the cell membrane had been permeabilized by detergent. These data, which could only be obtained unambiguously by using this single-cell methodology, have provided us with information on the origin of ischemic adenosine which challenges the established assumption that purine release is an early retaliatory response from intact anoxic myocytes.
CHARGE syndrome: the phenotypic spectrum of mutations in the <i>CHD7</i> gene (2005)

CHD7 mutations account for the majority of the cases with CHARGE syndrome, with a broad clinical variability and without an obvious genotype-phenotype correlation. In one case evidence for germline mosaicism was provided.
Clinical Evaluation of a Thin Bipolar Pacing Lead (1997)

The main disadvantages of bipolar pacing leads have traditionally been related to their relative thickness and stiffness compared to unipolar leads. In a new "drawn filled tube" plus "coated wire" technology, each conductor strand is composed of MP35N tubing filled with silver core and coated with a thin ETFE polymer insulation material. This and parallel winding of single anode and cathode conductors into a single bifilar coil resulted in a bipolar lead (ThinLine, Intermedics) with a body diameter and flexibility similar to unipolar leads. The lead is tined, polyurethane, with the cathode and the anode made of iridium-oxide-coated titanium (IROX). The slotted 8-mm2 cathode tip is coated with polyethylene glycol, a blood soluble material. We present the clinical evaluation results from four pacemaker clinics, where 47 leads (23 atrial-J model 432-04 and 24 ventricular model 430-10) were implanted in 25 patients and followed for up to 2 years. The lead handling characteristics were found to be very satisfactory. Electrical parameters of the leads were measured at implant and noninvasively on postoperative days 1, 2, 21, 42, and months 3, 6, 12, and 24. Mean chronic pulse width thresholds at 2.5 V were 0.14 +/- 0.05 ms in the atrium and 0.10 +/- 0.02 ms in the ventricle, pacing impedances 443 +/- 104 omega and 520 +/- 241 omega, while median electrogram amplitudes were > or = 3.5 mV and > or = 7 mV, respectively. Pacing impedances and thresholds were found to be slightly but statistically significantly higher in unipolar than in bipolar configuration--the findings are explainable by the lead construction. One of 47 leads failed 3 weeks after implant; the conductors were short circuited due to an error during the manufacturing process. We conclude that the new lead thus far has demonstrated appropriate mechanical and electrical characteristics.
Regulatory Mechanisms of Antigen Encounter and BCR Signalling (2013)

Activation of B cells is dependent on two events: the encounter of cognate antigen and the triggering of an adequate B cell receptor (BCR) signal. In vivo B cells encounter antigen within secondary lymphoid organs, such as lymph nodes (LNs). Here, specialised CD169+ macrophages, strategically located across the fenestration of the inner wall of the subcapsular sinus (SCS), trap lymph-borne antigen and present it to B cells. I have shown that within CpG-inflamed LNs, CD169+ macrophages undergo a dramatic reorganisation by retracting from the inner wall fenestration and scattering along the edges of the tissue. These events are partly caused by the arrival of dendritic cells pushing away the macrophages form the SCS fenestration to gain access to the LN. In vitro CD169+ macrophages were found to respond directly to CpG by downregulating CD169 and some scavenger receptors, while upregulating the expression of interferon-γ. Because of these structural and phenotypic changes, antigen retention at the SCS is impaired resulting in fewer B cells encountering their cognate antigen and weaker antibody responses. Antigen encounter is important because it initiates BCR signalling. Within a signalling cascade, adaptor proteins act as signal integrators and amplifiers. The adaptor protein Nck is best known for linking receptor signalling to cytoskeleton regulation. However upon B cell activation I found that Nck controls the PI3K/Akt pathway by recruiting the B-cell adaptor for PI3K (BCAP). Nck can carry out these functions by directly binding to the BCR via the non-ITAM phospho-tyrosine 204 in the Igα tail. Importantly, genetic ablation of Nck resulted in defective BCR signalling leading to hampered survival and proliferation in vivo. Antibody responses in Nck-deficient animals were thus severely impaired. Collectively these findings are important as they shed light on some of the regulatory mechanisms for antigen encounter and BCR signalling.
GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE AND UDP-GALACTOSE PYROPHOSPHATASE ACTIVITIES IN THE ENDOMETRIUM DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE OF THE RAT (1977)

SUMMARY UDP-galactose: glycoprotein galactosyltransferase, CMP-sialic acid: glycoprotein sialyltransferase and UDP-galactose pyrophosphatase activities were measured in the endometrium of rat uteri during the oestrous cycle. The galactosyltransferase activity started to increase at dioestrus and reached a maximum on the afternoon of pro-oestrus. The UDP-galactose pyrophosphatase activity changed in a direction opposite to that of galactosyltransferase. The sialyltransferase activity was low during metoestrus and dioestrus, but began to rise on the morning of pro-oestrus, reaching a peak on the morning of oestrus. Previously, we have shown that oestradiol administration stimulated galactosyl- and sialyltransferase and inhibited pyrophosphatase activities several-fold in the endometrium of ovariectomized rats. Progesterone prevented the oestradiol effect on the enzymes. The changes in glycosyltransferase and pyrophosphatase activities during the oestrous cycle possibly bear a direct relationship to the ovarian hormones in the rat during the normal oestrous cycle. This relationship will then be conducive to increased synthesis of glycopolymers during ovulation. Furthermore, the lag of 18 h for a maximal rise of sialyltransferase following that of galactosyltransferase is consistent with the normal sequence of glycosylation that occurs in glycoprotein secretion.
CLOCs: Camera-LiDAR Object Candidates Fusion for 3D Object Detection (2020)

There have been significant advances in neural networks for both 3D object detection using LiDAR and 2D object detection using video. However, it has been surprisingly difficult to train networks to effectively use both modalities in a way that demonstrates gain over single-modality networks. In this paper, we propose a novel Camera-LiDAR Object Candidates (CLOCs) fusion network. CLOCs fusion provides a low-complexity multi-modal fusion framework that significantly improves the performance of single-modality detectors. CLOCs operates on the combined output candidates before Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS) of any 2D and any 3D detector, and is trained to leverage their geometric and semantic consistencies to produce more accurate final 3D and 2D detection results. Our experimental evaluation on the challenging KITTI object detection benchmark, including 3D and bird's eye view metrics, shows significant improvements, especially at long distance, over the state-of-the-art fusion based methods. At time of submission, CLOCs ranks the highest among all the fusion-based methods in the official KITTI leaderboard. We will release our code upon acceptance.
Stabilized neutral o-tolidine, SNORT, colorimetric method for chlorine (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStabilized neutral o-tolidine, SNORT, colorimetric method for chlorineJames Donald. Johnson and Ragnar. OverbyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1969, 41, 13, 1744–1750Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60282a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60282a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spontaneous Posterior Bulbar Perforation of Congenital Scieral Coloboma and its Surgical Treatment: A Case Report (1985)

A 35-year-old male presented with abrupt hypotonic oculopathy caused by a spontaneous bulbar perforation, due to a scleral defect in the equatorial area of the nasal side of the left eye. The scleral defect was surgically repaired using lyophilized homologous dura mater encephali and fibrin glue (Tisseel). Highly satisfactory results were obtained. The pathogenesis of this scleral defect was suspected to involve complex factors related to abnormal retinal development and abnormal ocular muscles. Such a case has not been reported previously.
1067. N-alkylated 5-fluorotryptamines (1961)

Z. Pelchowicz, A. Kaluszyner and M. Bentov, J. Chem. Soc., 1961, 5418 DOI: 10.1039/JR9610005418
Upper crustal structure of the Rio Grande rift near Socorro, New Mexico, from inversion of microearthquake S-wave reflections (1981)

abstract The existence of impulsive S to S -wave ( S z S ) reflections off an extensive sillshaped magma body on many local microearthquake seismograms near Socorro, New Mexico, allowed a straight-forward least-squares inversion to determine an S -wave velocity crustal model. The data consisted of 163 microearthquakes recorded by a small aperture array during 316 recording days from May 1975 to January 1977. Two least-squares inversion models were attempted. M1 was used to calculate the overall average S -wave velocity for approximately 19 km of the crust and depths to 36 separate, horizontal rectangular surfaces representing the upper surface of the magma body. Due to lack of resolution in the data, the next model was simplified. M2 had as its initial unknown parameters an average S -wave velocity and depth to the reflector. M2 was then used to calculate the velocity of a lower 9.2-km-thick crustal layer starting just above the magma body. The data was then separated into different groups to search for local heterogeneities and anisotropy in the lower half of the upper crust. The best average S -wave velocity for the Rio Grande rift near Socorro was found to be 3.41 ± 0.03 km/sec. Depth to a horizontal magma body, based on a velocity of 3.41 km/sec was 19.2 ± 0.6 km. The data do allow a maximum northward dip of 2°, which places the magma body parallel to the Moho. The lower 9.2 km of the crust above the magma body appears to have a 3 per cent higher velocity than the upper layer and on the average, there are no differences between east-west and north-south S -wave velocities. One segment of the crust west of Socorro appears to have an anomalously low velocity.
Expression of Akt (protein kinase B) and its isoforms in malignant lymphomas (2005)

Akt (protein kinase B) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in the regulation of cell survival signals. Akt is expressed in T- and B-lymphocytes and is activated in response to cytokine and antigen-receptor stimulation. Three isoforms of Akt have been identified, Akt-1, -2 and -3, but the expression pattern and specific functions of each have not yet been determined for many cell types. To determine whether Akt signaling is enhanced in human malignant lymphomas and to analyse the expression pattern of Akt isoforms in these neoplasms, Akt-1, -2 and -3 expression was studied in 38 cell lines derived from hematopoietic neoplasms, by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. The level of phosphorylated (active) Akt was also analysed in cell lines as well as in 72 human malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma tissues. The results suggest that there is constitutive activation of Akt in the majority of primary human lymphomas and hematopoietic cell lines and support its proposed key role in lymphoma cell survival.
Qualitative Gas Chromatographic Analysis Using Two Columns of Different Characteristics (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQualitative Gas Chromatographic Analysis Using Two Columns of Different CharacteristicsJ. S. Lewis, H. W. Patton, and W. I. KayeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1956, 28, 9, 1370–1373Publication Date (Print):August 21, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 21 August 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60117a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60117a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Oral mucous membrane reactions to drugs and chemicals. (1991)

This article reviews recent reports of interest to practitioners concerned with the damaging effects of drugs and exogenous substances on the oral mucosa. Major topics include the incidence of the use of dentally important drugs in selected populations, lichenoid reactions in oral mucosa, diagnosis and management of mucositis related to cancer therapy, and issues relating to the diagnosis of oral foreign body reactions.