gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Video Foreground Detection Algorithm Based on Fast Principal Component Pursuit and Motion Saliency (2019)

Aiming at the shortcoming of being unsuitable for dynamic background and high computational complexity of the existing RPCA- (robust principal component analysis-) based block-sparse moving object detection method, this paper proposes a two-stage foreground detection framework based on motion saliency for video sequence. At the first stage, the observed image sequence is regarded as the sum of a low-rank background matrix and a sparse outlier matrix, and then the decomposition is solved by the RPCA method via fast PCP (principal component pursuit). At the second stage, the sparse foreground blocks are obtained according to the spectral residuals and the spatial correlation of the foreground region. Finally, the block-sparse RPCA algorithm through fast PCP is used to estimate foreground areas dynamically and to reconstruct the foreground objects. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method can exclude the interference of background motion and change, simultaneously improving the detection rate of small targets.
Performance studies on the Technicon "SMAC" analyzer: Precision and comparison of values with methods in routine laboratory service. (1976)

We present performance studies on the Technicon "SMAC" analyzer. Precision was estimated from control data during routine operation and from blind duplicates of sera from patients. Patients' specimens were analyzed with the SMAC and the SMA 12/60 during initial evaluation studies. Comparisons were also made with the Du Pont aca and other methods during routine service. Performance is judged relative to medical usefulness requirements, by using previously developed criteria and recommendations for decision levels and allowable errors.
Cocaine–Induced Liver Injury in Mice Elicits Specific Changes in Dna Ploidy and Induces Programmed Death of Hepatocytes (1994)

Liver injury was induced by a single dose (60 mg/kg) of cocaine in male albino Swiss mice untreated or pretreated with phenobarbital (in drinking water 1 gm/L), for 5 days before cocaine administration. One parameter of liver injury, serum isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, showed sharp increases at 24 hr of cocaine treatment; we also noted decreased hepatic levels of ATP, GSH, cytochrome P–450 and NADPH/NADP+ ratio and increases in malondialdehyde concentration. Histopathological study of liver slices showed perivenous and periportal necrosis induced by cocaine in untreated mice and mice pretreated with phenobarbital, respectively. A regenerative postnecrotic response, which peaked at 48 hr, was demonstrated by the appearance of mitotic cells. Mitotic index analysis showed that proliferative cells appear to be unevenly distributed in the hepatic acinus and were mainly located in the vicinity of the damaged acinar region. Genomic DNA ploidy and the distribution of DNA in the phases of the cell cycle were studied in nuclei of isolated hepatocytes. At 12 hr of cocaine administration, both in untreated and phenobarbital–pretreated mice, the following changes were observed: a sharp decrease in tetraploid (4N) cells (40% to 17% and 25% to 6%, respectively) and octoploid (8N) cells (5% to 2% and 2% to 1%, respectively), together with the appearance of a hypodiploid population (13% and 31%, respectively). Hypodiploid population was characterized as apoptotic cells by detection of DNA fragmentation in agarose gel. These results suggest that a significant percentage of cell death induced by cocaine occurs by means of the apoptosis death program. Comparison of the initial values of DNA ploidy with those obtained at 7 days of cocaine administration showed remarkable increases in polyploid populations (4N and 8N) and a decrease in diploid cells (2N), indicating that the process of differentiation occurs when liver restores its functionality. (Hepatology 1994;20:992-1001).
An Engineered Methanogenic Pathway Derived from the Domains <i>Bacteria</i> and <i>Archaea</i> (2010)

A plasmid-based expression system wherein mekB was fused to a constitutive Methanosarcina acetivorans promoter was used to express MekB, a broad-specificity esterase from Pseudomonas veronii, in M. acetivorans. The engineered strain had 80-fold greater esterase activity than wild-type M. acetivorans. Methyl acetate and methyl propionate esters served as the sole carbon and energy sources, resulting in robust growth and methane formation, with consumption of >97% of the substrates. Methanol was undetectable at the end of growth with methyl acetate, whereas acetate accumulated, a result consistent with methanol as the more favorable substrate. Acetate was consumed, and growth continued after a period of adaptation. Similar results were obtained with methyl propionate, except propionate was not metabolized.
호텔 컨시어지 서비스 품질제고를 위한 탐색적 연구 -서울시내 특1급호텔을 중심으로- (2015)

The results of the study could be summarized as the concierge service, which is labor service, consistent service, and information service, has an effect to the service quality, and its results are interpreted as follows. First of all, the labor service such as positive service, prompt service, kind service, and promised time observance with customer has an importance when customer requests. Second, the factors of the consistent service, like planned service education, equivalent information provision, and regular meetings for service appeared to have an influence to the service quality. Third, the information service showed to have an effect to the service quality with the factors of regular information update, information sharing between departments, accurate information provision, and minimization of wrong information. Fourth, there are differences in the concierge service depending on the concierge operation types as operating a concierge department independently and operating work duplicated department integrated.
Moderate physical activity in relation to mammographic patterns. (1999)

High-risk mammographic patterns may be used as a surrogate end point for breast cancer in etiologic research as well as in prevention studies. Physical activity may be one of the few modifiable risk factors for breast cancer. We examined the relationship between physical activity and mammographic patterns among 2720 Norwegian women, ages 40-56 years, who participated in both the Second and Third Tromsø studies. Epidemiologic data were obtained through questionnaires. Two questions from the Second Tromsø study and five questions from the Third elicited information on physical activity. The mammograms were categorized into five groups based on anatomical-mammographic correlations. For analysis, patterns I through III were combined into a low-risk group and patterns IV and V into a high-risk group. Odds ratios that were adjusted for age, education, menopausal status, body mass index, parity, age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, and alcohol intake, with 95% confidence intervals, were estimated using logistic regression. Women who reported moderate physical activity, i.e., more than 2 h/week, were 20% less likely (odds ratio, 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.1) to have high-risk mammographic patterns compared with those who reported being inactive. This relationship remains consistent when stratified by menopausal status, parity, and tertiles of body mass index. However, all of the associations between various measures of physical activity and high-risk patterns found in this study are weak with confidence intervals that include 1.0. Thus, chance is a reasonable explanation for the weak associations found. The relationship between physical activity and high-risk patterns should be examined further as a means to explore the biologic mechanisms relating physical activity to breast cancer risk.
The Travelling Cascade, Constant Volume Heat Exchanger in a Gas Turbine Lead Combined Cycle (1996)

When a gas enclosed in a cavity is heated or cooled, its pressure changes with its temperature as well. If a set of two countermoving “driven” cavity cascades employs the same free wall, then the system will operate as a countercurrent heat exchanger. At the exit points of the heat exchanger the two gases can be brought back to their original (atmospheric) pressure by isentropic processes thus producing useful work. The entire set of thermodynamic processes forms a double Lenoir cycle. The exhausts from the two Lenoir cycles may drive two more sets of corresponding cycles, thus allowing for the cascading of the process, until the added useful work becomes insignificant. When this idea is employed as a bottoming cycle in a Gas Turbine lead Combined cycle, employing four sets of Lenoir cycles, the achievable total thermal efficiencies rise to the 75 to 82 % level, athough the amount of heat transferred in all these processes is about 50 % more than that in a modern Brayton-Rankine combined cycle.
Improvement of Objective Strength Tests of Muscle Groups by Cable-Tension Methods (1950)

(1950). Improvement of Objective Strength Tests of Muscle Groups by Cable-Tension Methods. Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 399-419.
Structure‐property relationships in polycaprolactone‐polyurethanes (1983)

Abstract The structure‐property relationships of polycaprolactone‐based segmented polyurethanes were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS), wide‐angle x‐ray diffraction (WAXD), dynamic mechanical, and stress‐strain testing. The materials studied varied in hard‐segment type [4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate/butanediol (MDI/BD) or 4,4′‐dicyclohexyl methane diisocyanate/butanediol (H 12 MDI/BD)], soft‐segment molecular weight (830 or 2000 MW polycaprolactone), hard‐segment content (23–77% by weight), and thermal history. The materials with aromatic (MDI/BD) hard segments had semicrystalline hard‐segment domains, while the materials with aliphatic (H 12 MDI/BD) hard segment had mostly amorphous domains. Materials with the shorter polycaprolactone soft segment (830 MW) exhibited thermal and mechanical behavior which indicated a considerable degree of hard‐ and soft‐segment compatibility. The materials which contained a 2000‐MW polycaprolactone soft segment exhibited better‐defined microphase separation. SAXS was used to characterize the microphase structure of each system. The effects of hard‐segment content and soft‐segment molecular weight were similar for the aromatic (MDI) and aliphatic (H 12 MDI) hard‐segment‐based block copolymers. Changing the hard segment from aromatic to aliphatic gave materials with larger interfacial area and slightly higher tensile strength. A range of morphologies between isolated hard domains in a rubbery matrix and isolated rubbery domains in a hard matrix was observed.
Uniaxial orientation behavior of poly(L-lactide) films. (1998)

Changes of orientation and crystallinity in uniaxially drawn poly (L-lactide) (PLLA) films were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffractometry, optical and viscoelastic methods. After drawing amorphous PLLA films at 90°C in air, we observed that their crystallinity, orientation of crystallites, refractive index, and storage moduli at 30°C increased monotonically with increasing draw ratio (D. R.); however, these physical properties were saturated at D. R. of ca. 2.5. To draw the unoriented film brought about intermolecular crystallization of the PLLA chains effectively at 90°C. Most crystallites thus formed in the drawn films were found to be the a-form and oriented into the drawn direction to a saturated level at D. R.=2.5_??_3.0. Alternatively, when as-crystallized PLLA films were drawn at 150°C to about 10 times of the original length, they showed a unique x-ray fiber diagram where continuous scattering intensities imposed on the diffraction spots were located on three layer lines. Long period of the drawn film annealed at 170°C indicated a larger value than that of the as-drawn film.
Follicular Helper CD4 T Cells (T<sub>FH</sub>) (2011)

T cell help to B cells is a fundamental aspect of adaptive immunity and the generation of immunological memory. Follicular helper CD4 T (T(FH)) cells are the specialized providers of B cell help. T(FH) cells depend on expression of the master regulator transcription factor Bcl6. Distinguishing features of T(FH) cells are the expression of CXCR5, PD-1, SAP (SH2D1A), IL-21, and ICOS, among other molecules, and the absence of Blimp-1 (prdm1). T(FH) cells are important for the formation of germinal centers. Once germinal centers are formed, T(FH) cells are needed to maintain them and to regulate germinal center B cell differentiation into plasma cells and memory B cells. This review covers T(FH) differentiation, T(FH) functions, and human T(FH) cells, discussing recent progress and areas of uncertainty or disagreement in the literature, and it debates the developmental relationship between T(FH) cells and other CD4 T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, iTreg).
Size Limit of Support Particles in an Oxide-Supported Metal Catalyst:  Nanocomposite Ni/ZrO<sub>2</sub> for Utilization of Natural Gas (2003)

This paper explores the size effect of zirconia particles on the catalysis of Ni metal for CO2 re-forming of methane. It is revealed for the first time that when the sizes of zirconia particles become samller than 25 nm, the oxide forms nanocomposite catalysts with size-comparable Ni-metal nanocrystals (10−15 nm). The nanocomposite catalysts show extremely stable catalysis, which is in strong contrast with the deactivating Ni catalyst supported on bigger zirconia particles (>25 nm). This raises the possibility of tailoring the catalytic behavior of oxide-supported metal catalysts by reducing the particle size of oxide to make high-performance nanocomposite catalysts.
Disposable bioreactors for plant liquid cultures at Litre‐scale (2009)

Abstract Driven by the demands of the market and the manufacturing industry, disposable bioreactors have gained in importance in cell culture‐based processes during the last 10 years. Today they are widely accepted in R&D and also in manufacturing where process simplicity, safety and flexibility have top priority. Although disposable bioreactors are mainly used for cell expansions, glycoprotein secretions and virus generations realised with mammalian and insect cell lines, there are several reports delineating their suitability for the cultivation of plant cell and tissue cultures. This review describes the current disposable bioreactor types suitable for growing plant cell suspensions and organ cultures (hairy roots, meristematic clusters, somatic embryos) at Litre‐scale. Based on a definition of the term “disposable bioreactor”, a categorisation of the prevalent types for plant liquid cultures is presented. We describe the bioreactor regimes, working principles and bioengineering parameters of mechanically and pneumatically agitated bag bioreactors, which have advantages of process scalability and efficiency. Furthermore, results from the literature and data from our own research (obtained during production of undifferentiated bioactive cells, expressions of secondary metabolites and glycoproteins, and micropropagations of plant tissues) are discussed.
Consensus document: Hawk's Cay meeting on therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclosporine. (1990)

The optimal measurement method and clinical application of the therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclosporine remain uncertain. At a workshop held at Hawk's Cay, FL, from January 14 to January 17, 1990, 57 scientists presented their latest research findings, either in formal papers or as discussants. Lively debate and discussion followed presentation of extant and new methodologies for drug measurements as well as multicenter validation studies: applications of trough-concentration monitoring in renal, hepatic, and bone-marrow transplants as well as in autoimmune disease; and alternative pharmacokinetic approaches to guide cyclosporine therapy. The process of inducing and maintaining optimal immunosuppression to facilitate graft success is a complex and often challenging task, requiring the combined expertise of multiple disciplines. Thus, the assembly of four of the groups essential to the transplant process--clinicians, laboratory scientists, the pharmaceutical company, and the manufacturers of cyclosporine measurement kits--provided a unique opportunity to evaluate therapeutic drug monitoring issues facing the transplant field. Here we present the major conclusions reached at the meeting, brief discussions of the study data on which they are based, and a summary of unresolved problems that will require further rigorous investigations. The Consensus Document was reviewed by all the workshop participants before we submitted this final manuscript.
Enrichment and identification of Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase from Pichia pastoris culture supernatants (2015)

This data article refers to the report Δ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase (THCAS) production in Pichia pastoris enables chemical synthesis of cannabinoids (Lange et. al. 2015) [2]. THCAS was produced on a 2 L lab scale using recombinant P. pastoris KM71 KE1. Enrichment of THCAS as a technically pure enzyme was realized using dialysis and cationic exchange chromatography. nLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis identified THCAS in different fractions obtained by cationic exchange chromatography.
A Protein Aggregation Inhibitor, Leuco-Methylthioninium Bis(Hydromethanesulfonate), Decreases α-Synuclein Inclusions in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Synucleinopathy (2018)

α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation is a pathological feature of synucleinopathies, neurodegenerative disorders that include Parkinson's disease (PD). We have tested whether <i>N,N,N',N'</i>-tetramethyl-10<i>H</i>-phenothiazine-3,7-diaminium bis(hydromethanesulfonate) (leuco-methylthioninium bis(hydromethanesulfonate); LMTM), a tau aggregation inhibitor, affects α-Syn aggregation <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Both cellular and transgenic models in which the expression of full-length human α-Syn (h-α-Syn) fused with a signal sequence peptide to promote α-Syn aggregation were used. Aggregated α-Syn was observed following differentiation of N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells transfected with h-α-Syn. The appearance of aggregated α-Syn was inhibited by LMTM, with an EC<sub>50</sub> of 1.1 μM, with minimal effect on h-α-Syn mRNA levels being observed. Two independent lines of mice (L58 and L62) transgenic for the same fusion protein accumulated neuronal h-α-Syn that, with aging, developed into fibrillary inclusions characterized by both resistance to proteinase K (PK)-cleavage and their ability to bind thiazin red. There was a significant decrease in α-Syn-positive neurons in multiple brain regions following oral treatment of male and female mice with LMTM administered daily for 6 weeks at 5 and 15 mg MT/kg. The early aggregates of α-Syn and the late-stage fibrillar inclusions were both susceptible to inhibition by LMTM, a treatment that also resulted in the rescue of movement and anxiety-related traits in these mice. The results suggest that LMTM may provide a potential disease modification therapy in PD and other synucleinopathies through the inhibition of α-Syn aggregation.
Moderate White Collar Penalties (2008)

Research Article| June 01 2008 Moderate White Collar Penalties Dan Small Dan Small Trial attorney, Holland & Knight, Boston and Miami offices Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Federal Sentencing Reporter (2008) 20 (5): 352–353. https://doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2008.20.5.352 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Dan Small; Moderate White Collar Penalties. Federal Sentencing Reporter 1 June 2008; 20 (5): 352–353. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2008.20.5.352 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentFederal Sentencing Reporter Search This content is only available via PDF. ©© 2006 BY THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.2006 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A torsion balance for impulse and thrust measurements of micro-Newton thrusters (2012)

This paper reports the performance of a torsion-type thrust stand suitable for studies of micro-Newton thrusters, which is developed for ground testing the micro-Newton thruster in Chinese Test of the Equivalence Principle with Optical readout space mission. By virtue of specially suspending design and precise assembly of torsion balance configuration, the thrust stand with load capacity up to several kilograms is able to measure the impulse bit up to 1350 μNs with a resolution of 0.47 μNs, and the average thrust up to 264 μN with a resolution of 0.09 μN in both open and close loop operation. A pulsed plasma thruster, the preliminary prototype developed for Chinese TEPO space mission, is tested by the thrust stand, and the results reveal that the average impulse bit per pulse is measured to be 58.4 μNs with a repeatability of about 5%.
Understanding corrosion in alkanolamine gas treating plants: Part 1 (1993)

Proper diagnosis is half the problem and solution in alkanolamine corrosion. In Part 1, several common corrosion mechanisms were identified with amine systems. With many possible mechanisms to choose from, proper corrosion diagnosis is a cumbersome task. Unfortunately, the designer or the operations engineer must knowledgeably sift through the plant data and correctly match the symptoms or observations with the probable cause and prescribe corrective actions(s). The case histories given here review actual plant situations and the observations from inspection. They give great insight into a costly problem. The examples are definite plant notebook additions for later references. As in many processes, better designs reduce costly downtime and lost production, improve equipment life and minimize operation accidents or injuries. A better understanding of parameters affecting corrosion with amines present improves process operations and allows a better amine selection. It is concluded that corrosion in alkanolamine gas treating plants can be controlled and minimized with proper plant design, correct operating parameters and monitoring the operation frequently for unplanned process and amine excursions. The keys are minimizing acid gas flashing and understanding other factors that can enhance corrosivity of amine solutions.
Organic electroluminescent devices: enhanced carrier injection using SAM derivatized ITO electrodes (2000)

Taking as a device model ITO|TPD|Alq3|Al (where TPD is N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine and Alq3 is tris(quinolin-8-olato)aluminium) it is shown that control and improvement of carrier injection may be achieved using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to manipulate the Schottky energy barrier at the ITO–TPD interface. By using polar adsorbate molecules with the dipole oriented outward from the surface an artificial dipolar layer is formed and the work function is increased, and viceversa. With this method the threshold voltage for light emission (turn-on) can be reduced by 4 V and the maximum luminance increased by a factor of 3.5, giving an overall performance superior to that using the more stable Ag/Mg counter electrode. The SAMs effect is confirmed using a Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) to profile the relative work function of half-coated ITO samples. Increases in work function in excess of 0.3 eV are observed, in line with predictions using the calculated molecular dipoles of the SAM molecules.