gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advances and Trends in Sheet Metal Forming Processes (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In order to reduce fuel consumption light weight vehicles are in development. For this HSLA- steel, bakehardening- steels, stainless-steels and aluminum will be used for the body in white of personal cars.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">To form inner automotive parts of high dimensional accuracy out of steel with high strength or out of aluminum and to form automotive parts of high surface quality as well as of high dimensional accuracy a reproducible forming process is needed. For low volume cars tools and dies have to be as cheep as possible. The press has to be able to take over die functions and over the stroke steerable blankholder forces. Tools and dies for high volume parts can use expensive tools and dies like dies with nitrogen cylinders.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In the future these cylinders will have the possibility to steer the pressure and so in turn the blankholder force over the stroke. See paper „Force- Stroke- Curve of Gas Springs” (State-of-the-Art Stamping) held on the same conference. Mechanical single acting presses with CNC controllable hydraulic cushion systems will replace mechanical double acting presses. For dies up to 1500mm x 1500mm CNC controllable 4 point hydraulic cushion systems will be installed in new presses as well as replacement in existing presses instead of pneumatic systems and instead of double acting presses.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">For larger dies multipoint hydraulic cushion systems will be installed in presses as well as in transfer- presses. There are two different possibilities to build up such cushion systems. One possibility is a cushion system builded up by a lot of hydraulic cylinders, each cylinder equipped with a direct connected servo valve or proportional valve. On the cushion plate mechanical height adjustable cushion pins support the lower binder of the die. So the blankholder force can be steered over the stroke by the 4 point hydraulic system.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The pressure between the blank and the binders can be adjusted for specific areas by the height of the cushion pins and by the pressure in the hydraulic cylinders.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In the near future it seems to be possible to run closed loop blankholder forces by measuring the friction forces and the wrinkle height of the blank between the binders with special sensors following desired friction forces and maximum allowable wrinkle heights curves over the stroke. (SAE Paper <a href="http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/960824" target="_blank">960824</a>). Furthermore pulsating blankholder forces seem to be helpful in draw operations specially for difficult to deep drawn parts. Trends and goals for the future show that we will come to a reproducible forming process with closed loop pulsating BHF- systems to meet the task of drawing difficult to form parts out of HSLA-steel, bake hardening-steel, stainless- steel and aluminum with high dimensional quality and excellent surface.</div>
Optimisation algorithms for OSNR measurement based on polarisation nulling (2015)

Optimisation algorithms are demonstrated as a nulling finder for an in‐band optical signal‐to‐noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring method based on polarisation extinction. The method was tested and validated in the Brazilian GIGA optical fibre testbed. When three optimisation techniques (genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and downhill simplex) were compared, PSO provided the best results regarding convergence time and nulling efficiency.
Vaccination of Seronegative Volunteers with a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1<i>env/rev</i>DNA Vaccine Induces Antigen‐Specific Proliferation and Lymphocyte Production of β‐Chemokines (2000)

There is a pressing need to test novel vaccine concepts in an effort to develop an effective vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. A phase I clinical study was done to test the immunogenicity of an HIV env/rev DNA vaccine, which was administered intramuscularly to HIV-1-seronegative persons. Subjects received 3 doses of vaccine at a single concentration (100 or 300 microgram) at 0, 4, 8, and 24 weeks. In at least 1 of multiple assays, the 6 subjects who received the 300-microgram dose had DNA vaccine-induced antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferative responses and antigen-specific production of both interferon-gamma and beta-chemokine. Furthermore, 4 of 5 subjects in the 300 microgram-dose group responded to both the rev and env components of the vaccine. The responses did not persist within inoculated individuals and scored in different individuals at different times in the trial. This study supports that HIV-1 DNA vaccine antigens can stimulate multiple immune responses in vaccine-naive individuals, and it warrants additional studies designed to enhance DNA vaccine immunogenicity.
An integrated hybrid device for binary-phase-shift-keying subcarrier modulation (2000)

We propose an integrated optical/radio frequency (RF) hybrid device for binary-phase-shift-keying subcarrier modulation that is based on optical amplitude modulation and interference with phase delay. The device consists of two multiple-quantum-well (MQW) electroabsorption (EA) modulators branched with two multimode interference (MMI) couplers. When an RF carrier was applied to one modulator and a digital signal to the other one, the phase modulation of the RF subcarrier was realized.
Fluvastatin synergistically enhances the antiproliferative effect of gemcitabine in human pancreatic cancer MIAPaCa-2 cells (2005)

The new combination between the nucleoside analogue gemcitabine and the cholesterol-lowering drug fluvastatin was investigated in vitro and in vivo on the human pancreatic tumour cell line MIAPaCa-2. The present study demonstrates that fluvastatin inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells harbouring a p21ras mutation at codon 12 and synergistically potentiates the cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine. The pharmacologic activities of fluvastatin are prevented by administration of mevalonic acid, suggesting that the shown inhibition of geranyl-geranylation and farnesylation of cellular proteins, including p21rhoA and p21ras, plays a major role in its anticancer effect. Fluvastatin treatment also indirectly inhibits the phosphorylation of p42ERK2/mitogen-activated protein kinase, the cellular effector of ras and other signal transduction peptides. Moreover, fluvastatin administration significantly increases the expression of the deoxycytidine kinase, the enzyme required for the activation of gemcitabine, and simultaneously reduces the 5'-nucleotidase, responsible for deactivation of gemcitabine, suggesting a possible additional role of these enzymes in the enhanced cytotoxic activity of gemcitabine. Finally, a significant in vivo antitumour effect on MIAPaCa-2 xenografts was observed with the simultaneous combination of fluvastatin and gemcitabine, resulting in an almost complete suppression and a marked delay in relapse of tumour growth. In conclusion, the combination of fluvastatin and gemcitabine is an effective cytotoxic, proapoptotic treatment in vitro and in vivo against MIAPaCa-2 cells by a mechanism of action mediated, at least in part, by the inhibition of p21ras and rhoA prenylation. The obtained experimental findings might constitute the basis for a novel translational research in humans.
A framework for simulating heterogeneous virtual processors (2003)

The paper examines the layered software modules of a heterogeneous multiprocessor simulator and debugger, and the design patterns that span these modules. Lucent's LUxWORKS simulator and debugger, works with multiple processor architectures. Its modeling infrastructure, processor models, processor monitor/control, hardware control, vendor simulator interface and Tcl/Tk extension layers are spanned by the following design patterns: (1) build and extend abstract virtual processors; (2) build reflective entities; and (3) build a covariant extensible system. Together these modules and patterns define a processor execution architecture that encourages reuse and dynamic extensibility.
[Community integrated services for persons with mental illness]. (2007)

Anti-psychotic medications have changed the lives and treatment of persons with mental illness for the better since the social isolation of the 1950s and earlier. Community support programs break down barriers surrounding mental patients, but the stigma and negative attitudes about mental illness continue to block the development of community-based services. Individuals struggling to overcome a mental health issue find themselves facing a constant series of rejections and exclusions. Now that the Mental Health Law and Physically and Mentally Disabled Citizens Protection Act have been amended by The Legislative Yuan, the government will need to review the design of the Mental Health Care Network Project and to promote and facilitate friendly supportive communities for the mentally ill. All of us have to face these challenges to find a new balance between the civil rights of the public and the mentally ill. This paper examines issues concerning the gap between the development of the mental health system and the needs of patients and their families in the last two decades. The system often falls short of meeting needs. To meet the mental health needs of the people and make effective use of resources, changes must be made in the way services are designed, organized and delivered. The process of reforming mental health services, moreover, must not take money away from other services. Instead, changes must be made by reallocating funds. Following the revised Mental Health Law, the government should begin now to develop implementation planning guidelines to establish a comprehensive and integrated mental health services system, especially for the 80?% of patients with mild or moderate mental health problems who live in the community. We will monitor the process carefully, and ensure that patients and their families get the services they need, and help them remain in their communities as far as possible.
HOLOGRAMS IN THIN BISMUTH FILMS (1969)

Holograms with better than 6% efficiencies and resolutions close to 1000 lines/mm were achieved on Bi films with good linearity and reasonable sensitivity.
Broadening the horizon. A glimpse of general practice in Rhodesia. (1972)

The scope of general practice varies from one country to another, and even within the same country the types of general practice may vary. The various patterns of general practice in Rhodesia are considered and the qualities and skills required to undertake the differing types of practice are descriptionbed. Methods whereby undergraduates can be given some insight into the opportunities of general practice are discussed and a programme to demonstrate the professional requirements of the types of general practice met with in Rhodesia is presented. It is important for a school of medicine constantly to keep under review the structure of general practice in the country it serves, not only in relation to the teaching of the necessary, skills, but also in relation to the present and future medical manpower requirements. Efforts to make such a survey of medical needs of this nature in Rhodesia are presented. The place of a young faculty of medicine in providing facilities for training in general practice is reviewed and the point is made that this may be the most important postgraduate service which can be provided in the early years of the faculty in a developing country. Opportunity is also taken to discuss ways and means of arranging facilities to encourage practitioners to remain in general practice.
A fuzzy logic/neural system approach to signal processing in large scale decision systems (2003)

A class of large-scale decision systems is described, and a multilevel, multi-intelligence information/knowledge/control structure is defined. The description is in a form that features the various levels of signal processing, data fusion, autonomous fuzzy logic and pattern recognition (via neural networks), system knowledge base, and personal expert system, and the way in which these processors are integrated so as to form an operational model for the overall decision system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development and Validation of a New Technique for Assessing Lumbar Spine Motion (2002)

The results from this study showed that the newly developed technique is reliable. It may have potential value for evaluating spine instability in clinical practice.
Location of disulphide bridges by diagonal paper electrophoresis. The disulphide bridges of bovine chymotrypsinogen A. (1966)

1. A new method is described for ;fingerprinting' cysteic acid peptides derived from the disulphide bridges of proteins. Cystine peptides are separated by paper electrophoresis and oxidized on paper by performic acid vapour. Electrophoresis at right angles to the first direction produces parallel groups of cysteic acid peptides lying off a diagonal. This ;fingerprint' reveals the way in which the cysteic acid peptides were originally joined in the protein. 2. The method allows a very easy selective purification of cysteic acid peptides. 3. By applying this method to bovine chymotrypsinogen A, we found that the half-cystine residues were linked 1-122, 42-58, 136-201, 168-182 and 191-220.
Phytochelatins, a class of heavy-metal-binding peptides from plants, are functionally analogous to metallothioneins (1987)

Phytochelatins are a class of heavy-metal-binding peptides previously isolated from cell suspension cultures of several dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. These peptides consist of repetitive gamma-glutamylcysteine units with a carboxyl-terminal glycine and range from 5 to 17 amino acids in length. In the present paper we show that all plants tested synthesized phytochelatins upon exposure to heavy metal ions. No evidence for the occurrence of metallothionein-like proteins was found. All data so far obtained indicate that phytochelatins are involved in detoxification and homeostasis of heavy metals in plants and thus serve functions analogous to those of metallothioneins in animals and some fungi. Phytochelatins are induced by a wide range of metal anions and cations. Phytochelatin synthesis in suspension cultures was inhibited by buthionine sulfoximine, a specific inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (EC 6.3.2.2). This finding and kinetic studies of phytochelatin induction point to a synthesis from glutathione or its precursor, gamma-glutamylcysteine, in a sequential manner, thereby generating the set of homologous peptides.
Active Bolster for Side Impact Protection (2008)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper discusses the simulation based methodology for designing and developing a deployable vehicle door interior trim, an Active Side Bolster (ASB), and its interaction (in FEA simulation) with an ATD in side impact crash test modes like FMVSS214<span class="xref"><sup>1</sup></span> Oblique Pole, IIHS<span class="xref"><sup>2</sup></span> and LINCAP.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The FEA models, especially with the complexity of the full vehicle structure, the ATDs<span class="xref"><sup>3</sup></span> and the airbags, require extensive correlation using vehicle tests. A methodology is outlined here to ensure that the model results could be used to generate FEA ATD assessments without a significant numerical contamination of the results. These correlated FEA models for side impact vehicle tests and ATDs were used to simulate various side impact crash test conditions; such as IIHS barrier, the FMVSS-214 Oblique Pole and LINCAP. The ATD responses from the baseline vehicle FEA models and those modified with the addition of an ASB in the door shows improvement in assessment values due to the introduction of the ASB. The ASB design parameters, such as inflator mass flow rate, vent size, etc. has been examined with respect to changes in the ATD assessment values.</div>
Novel atropoisomeric binaphthyl-containing liquid crystalline copolymers forming chiral nematic phases (1997)

Novel liquid crystalline (LC) acrylate side group copolymers, which consist of nematogenic phenyl 4-methoxybenzoate acrylate monomer (A) and novel chiral binaphthyl (BN) methacrylate monomers (MB-n) have been synthesized. The copolymers prepared differ in the spacer lengths of MB-n (n 3,5,11) and in their compositions. The homopolymers of the three new chiral binaphthyl monomers MB-n were also prepared. Copolymers with a low concentration of binaphthyl monomer units (less than 16 mol%) display a cholesteric mesophase. The induced chirality in the polymers is due to atropoisomerism (C2-symmetry) of the molecules. The helical twisting powers (beta), caused by the atropoisomeric units in the synthesized copolymers, were determined, and their temperature dependencies studied. The unusually high negative temperature coefficient of beta observed above the glass transition temperature is explained in terms of conformational changes of the BN molecules in the copolymers.
Direct Observation of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in a Pt/Co/Ni Film (2015)

The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in an in-plane anisotropic Pt(4 nm)/Co(1.6 nm)/Ni(1.6 nm) film has been directly observed by Brillouin spectroscopy. It is manifested as the asymmetry of the measured magnon dispersion relation, from which the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction constant has been evaluated. Linewidth measurements reveal that the lifetime of the magnons is asymmetric with respect to their counter-propagating directions. The lifetime asymmetry is dependent on the magnon frequency, being more pronounced, the higher the frequency. Analytical calculations of the magnon dispersion relation and linewidth agree well with experiments.
Ficoll Gradient Isolation of Immature Sperm of High Purity and Intactness From Goat Epididymis (1990)

An improved Ficoll density gradient centrifugation method has been described for the isolation of goat caput-epididymal immature spermatozoa of a high purity and intactness. The method consists of layering freshly extracted sperm suspension on the top of a Ficoll gradient comprising 2.5 ml each of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% Ficoll-400 in a modified Ringer's solution and centrifugation at 300 g for 3 min in a swing bucket table centrifuge. Spermatozoa, free from fat globules and blood cells, sedimented at the bottom of the 8% Ficoll layer. The plasma membrane of the isolated cells showed a high degree of intactness (approximately 96%) as assessed by lactic dehydrogenase marker enzyme and ethidium bromide-fluorescence methods.
A new simulation of spiral architecture (2006)

Abstract- Spiral Architecture is a relatively new and powerful approach to machine vision system. The geometrical arrangement of pixels on Spiral architecture can be described in terms of a hexagonal grid. However, all the existing hardware for capturing image and for displaying image are produced based on rectangular architecture. It has become a serious problem affecting the advanced research on Spiral Architecture. In this paper, a new approach to mimicking Spiral Architecture is presented. This mimic Spiral Architecture almost retains image resolution and does not introduce distortion. Furthermore, images can be smoothly and easily transferred between the traditional square structure and this new hexagonal structure. In this paper, we also perform a fast way to locate hexagonal pixels. Another contribution in this paper is a novel construction of hexagonal pixels that are four times as big as the virtual hexagonal pixels. This construction of larger hexagonal pixels does not change the axes of symmetry, and does not create any spaces or overlaps between hexagons. Keywords: Hexagonal structure, Spiral Architecture. 1
Reduction of power loss in voltage resonant converter (2002)

A forward type voltage resonant converter with a MOSFET synchronous rectifier was investigated to reduce the forward voltage drop of rectifier diodes. A novel current snubber circuit is proposed for the MOSFET synchronous rectifier to reduce reverse recovery losses of the MOSFET's body diode. A multioutput voltage resonant converter was investigated. A secondary current mode controller is proposed for the auxiliary output to perform precise regulation while the main output is regulated by controlling the switching frequency. Experimental results are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Absolute lymphocyte count is a prognostic marker in Covid‐19: A retrospective cohort review (2020)

This evidence supports the hypothesis that lymphocytopenia can be an early, useful, and easily obtained, prognostic factor in determining the clinical course and disease severity of a patient admitted to the hospital for Covid-19.
In Situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Examination of Molecular Adlayers of Haloplatinate Complexes and Electrochemically Produced Platinum Nanoparticles on Au(111) (2004)

Immersion of an ordered Au(111) electrode in a 5 ∼ 50 μM haloplatinate solution for 1 min results in spontaneous and irreversible adsorption of a submonolayer to a monolayer Pt complex. In situ STM imaging reveals the formation of highly ordered molecular adlayers of Au(111) − (√7 × √7)R19.1° − PtCl42- and PtBr42- (θ = 0.143) in a solution containing 50 μM of each complex. Dosing in a dilute PtBr42- solution (5 μM) produces another highly ordered structure, identified as Au(111) − (2√19 × 2√19)R23° − 7 PtBr42- + 6 Br. Atomic resolution STM reveals pinwheel features of the planar PtX42- adsorbates (X = Cl, Br, I). The molecular adlayers of PtI62- are always disordered, irrespective of the dosing conditions. The reduction potentials of these molecular overlayers to produce the deposit of metallic Pt decrease in the order of PtCl42- > PtBr42- > PtI62-. The Pt deposit exists in the form of nanoparticles with an average diameter of 3.0 nm and height of 0.46 nm, and they are uniformly distributed on the Au(111) substrate. The electrocatalysis toward the oxygen reduction of Pt particles on Au(111) is examined with a hanging-meniscus rotating disk technique. The Pt particles prepared with the precursors of chloro- and bromoplatinate are active in catalyzing oxygen reduction, whereas those from iodoplatinate are inert. This result correlates with the strength of surface bond between halide and Au or Pt metal. Iodine adatoms evidently block the active sites on Pt clusters.