gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
p53-Mediated Repression of Alpha-Fetoprotein Gene Expression by Specific DNA Binding (1999)

Aberrant expression of the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene is characteristic of a majority of hepatocellular carcinoma cases and serves as a diagnostic tumor-specific marker. By dissecting regulatory mechanisms through electromobility gel shift, transient-transfection, Western blot, and in vitro transcription analyses, we find that AFP gene expression is controlled in part by mutually exclusive binding of two trans-acting factors, p53 and hepatic nuclear factor 3 (HNF-3). HNF-3 protein activates while p53 represses AFP transcription through sequence-specific binding within the previously identified AFP developmental repressor domain. A single mutation within the DNA binding domain of p53 protein or a mutation of the p53 DNA binding element within the AFP developmental repressor eliminates p53-repressive effects in both transient-transfection and cell-free expression systems. Coexpression of p300 histone acetyltransferase, which has been shown to acetylate p53 and increase specific DNA binding, amplifies the p53-mediated repression. Western blot analysis of proteins present in developmentally staged, liver nuclear extracts reveal a one-to-one correlation between activation of p53 protein and repression of AFP during hepatic development. Induction of p53 in response to actinomycin D or hypoxic stress decreases AFP expression. Studies in fibroblast cells lacking HNF-3 further support a model for p53-mediated repression that is both passive through displacement of a tissue-specific activating factor and active in the presence of tissue-specific corepressors. This mechanism for p53-mediated repression of AFP gene expression may be active during hepatic differentiation and lost in the process of tumorigenesis.
A New Theory of Sound Analysis in the Auditory System (1992)

A new theory of sound analysis in the auditory system is proposed. The main function of the inner ear is not frequency analysis but transformation of acoustic information into impulses in the auditory neurons. An impulse evoked by sound stimulations in the inner ear has only two kinds of information, that is,1) “when” and 2) “in which neuron” it was evoked. The accuracy of the information is guaranteed by hair cells having the function of “phase locked” response to traveling waves and being aligned on the basement membrane.These two kinds of information can be analyzed as precisely as is needed by the convergences and the divergences of neurons in the central auditory system. The nature of “tonality” in the auditory system is the inevitable attribute of the theory of sound analysis I propose, which is called “Wavelength Theory”. The resonate nature of the basement membrane functions to transform the sound intensity into the total number of impulses evoked in the inner ear. There is a conflict in “Place Theory” with respect to the insufficient transformation of the sound intensity.
Metabolism of Glycerol and Similar Compounds by Bull Spermatozoa (1957)

Actively motile washed bull spermatozoa metabolize glycerol aerobically producing lactic acid and material estimating as fructose. This process is accompanied by increased O 2 uptake and decreased aerobic fructolysis. Dihydroxyacetone, but not phosphoglycerol, is oxidized at a similar rate and lactic acid is formed. It may be an intermediate of glycerol breakdown. Sorbitol is also oxidized by washed bull spermatozoa producing lactic acid and material estimating as fructose. Glycerol and sorbitol combined yield fructose in amounts greater than their separate effects.
Audio watermarking techniques using singular value decomposition (2007)

In an increasingly digital world, proving ownership of files is more and more difficult. For audio files, many schemes have been put into place to attempt to protect the rights of the digital content owners. In general, these techniques fall under the classification of Digital Rights Management (DRM). Audio watermarking is one of the less invasive schemes which embeds security into the data itself instead of in an outside layer meant to encapsulate and protect the data. There are many domains in which an audio watermark can be applied. The simplest is that of the time domain; often, however, other domains may be more desirable due to greater imperceptibility and robustness to attack. Common domains include the frequency domain, or domains similar to frequency through functions such as the Wavelet Transform. One domain of particular interest is that of the Singular Value Decomposition. The goal of this thesis is to propose and test many different watermarking schemes as well as test an existing watermarking scheme operating in the SVD domain in order to assess the viability of the SVD as a watermarking carrier domain. Different carrier matrices as well as bit embedding methods are explored. The use of a standard set of audio files was used to help test the systems; a standard set of watermarking tests was unavailable, so a comparable test bed was implemented and utilized.
Unstable flow and nonmonotonic flow curves of transient networks (2001)

We have measured the nonlinear rheological response of a model transient network over a large range of steady shear rates. The system is built up from an oil in water droplet microemulsion into which a telechelic polymer is incorporated. The phase behaviour is characterized which comprises a liquid-gas phase separation and a percolation threshold. The rheological measurements are performed in the one phase region above the percolation line. Shear thinning is observed for all samples, leading in most cases to an unstable stress response at intermediate shear rates. We built up a very simple mean field model which involves the reduction of the residence time of the stickers in the droplets due to the chain tensions at high shear. The computed constitutive equation is non-monotonic with a range where the stress is a decreasing function of the rate, a feature that indeed makes homogeneous flows unstable. The computed the flow curves compare well to the experiments.
Corporate governance and the Companies Act (2009)

In PwC's report on the King III report he goes on to say that his company believes that free enterprise prospers in an environment of good and balanced corporate governance. While we understand that achieving good governance is a complex task, we believe that sound governance practices offer numerous practical benefits and that organisations should integrate such practices into their operational processes.
Influence of pH and ionic strength on vanadium(<scp>v</scp>) oxides formation. From V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O gels to crystalline NaV<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>·1.5H<sub>2</sub>O (2005)

Na+ and TMA+ intercalated M0.3V2O5·1.5H2O (M = Na+ and TMA+) precipitates have been synthesized by adding chloride salts MCl or bases MOH to a metavanadate solution which was acidified using a proton exchange resin. As evidenced by X-ray diffraction, these vanadium oxides exhibit the layered structure of the V2O5·1.8H2O xerogels in which Na+ and TMA+ cations are intercalated between the layers. These precipitates result from the assembly of ribbon-like particles but in contrast to the V2O5·1.8H2O xerogels, the particles are no longer stacked on flat surfaces and their assembly is disorganized as evidenced by SEM and TEM. Depending on the final pH of the acidified metavanadate solution, the Na0.3V2O5·1.5H2O phase can be thermodynamically stable or can evolve with time. At a pH > 3, the Na0.3V2O5·1.5H2O phase disappears after a few days and is transformed to the crystalline NaV3O8·1.5H2O phase. The vanadium oxide phases were all characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM, TEM, TGA, IR and 51V MAS NMR.
3.3kV SiC hybrid module with High Power next Core (HPnC) package (2017)

Recently main requirements for power conversion system are further downsizing and higher efficiency. To satisfy these requirements, enhanced power density of power modules should be the key to succeed. In this paper, 3.3kV SiC-Hybrid module with High Power next Core package, which can realize enhanced power density, has been described.
SKU classification: a literature review and conceptual framework (2012)

Purpose Stock keeping unit (SKU) classifications are widely used in the field of production and operations management. Although many theoretical and practical examples of classifications exist, there are no overviews of the current literature, and general guidelines are lacking with respect to method selection for classifying SKUs. The purpose of this paper is to systematically synthesise the earlier work in this area, and to conceptualise and discuss the factors that influence the choice of a specific SKU classification. Design/methodology/approach The paper structurally reviews existing contributions and synthesises these into a conceptual framework for SKU classification. Findings How SKUs are classified depends on the classification aim, the context and the method that is chosen. In total, three main production and operations management aims were found: inventory management, forecasting and production strategy. Within the method three decisions are identified to come to a classification: the characteristics, the classification technique and the operationalisation of the classes. Research limitations/implications Drawing on the literature survey, the authors conclude with a conceptual framework describing the factors that influence SKU classification. Further research could use this framework to develop guidelines for real‐life applications. Practical implications Examples from a variety of industries and general directions are provided which managers could use to develop their own SKU classification. Originality/value The paper aims to advance the literature on SKU classification from the level of individual examples to a conceptual level and provides directions on how to develop a SKU classification.
First report of <i>Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus</i> affecting zucchini squash in an important horticultural area of southern Italy (2016)

Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a bipartite begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) which infects species in the families Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae (Padidam et al., 4; Mizutani et al., 3). Begomoviruses are transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci in a persistent manner (Rosen et al., 5). In October 2015, severe symptoms not previously reported by growers in the horticultural area of the Province of Trapani (Sicily, Italy) were observed on zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo) in open fields. The symptoms included yellow mosaic, severe leaf curling, swelling of veins of young leaves, shortening of internodes, roughness of the skin of fruit and reduced fruit size; the symptoms were reminiscent of those caused by begomoviruses. Total DNA was extracted from young leaves of 22 plants by phenol/chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation. PCR was performed with the A1F/A1R primer pair (Mizutani et al., 3) for the DNA-A component and the pair described by Ruiz et al. (6) for the DNA-B component to amplify a ~1200-bp fragment of DNA-A and a ~890 bp fragment of DNA-B, respectively. All 10 samples were positive by PCR with both primer pairs. No amplification products were obtained using primers specific for the monopartite begomoviruses Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (Davino et al., 1). DAS-ELISA analysis for Cucumber mosaic virus, Papaya ring spot virus and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (Loewe Phytodiagnostica, Germany) yielded negative results. The amplification products of DNA-A and DNA-B components from three plants were purified using the UltraClean® PCR Clean-Up kit (Mo-Bio, USA) and the nucleotide sequences were determined in both orientations using an ABI 3130XL Genetic Analyzer (Life Technologies, USA). The sequences obtained from the three samples showed 99% identity. A Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis showed an identity >99% with sequences of DNA-A and DNA-B of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) isolates recently reported in Spain on zucchini (GenBank Accession Nos. KF749224 and KF749227) and tomato (KM977733 and KM977734). The DNA-A and DNA-B sequences of one sample were deposited in GenBank (KU145141 and KU145142). Sicily is an important region for horticulture in the Mediterranean basin and Europe in general. With the possible opening of a free trade area in countries bordering the Mediterranean basin, Sicily may become a transit centre for flow of plant materials, potentially carrying new pathogens, between Europe and North Africa. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ToLCNDV in Italy, as well as the first identification of a bipartite begomovirus in Italian crops.
A simple Soxhlet chromatographic method for the isolation of pure fullerenes C60 and C70 (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA simple Soxhlet chromatographic method for the isolation of pure fullerenes C60 and C70K. C. Khemani, M. Prato, and F. WudlCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 11, 3254–3256Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00037a057https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00037a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views377Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of stearoyl‐CoA desaturase expression (2004)

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a regulatory enzyme in lipogenesis, catalyzing the rate-limiting step in the overall de novo synthesis of monounsaturated FA, mainly oleate and palmitoleate from stearoyl- and palmitoyl-CoA, respectively. Oleate and palmitoleate are the major monounsaturated FA of membrane phospholipids, TG, wax esters, cholesterol esters, and alkyldiacylglycerol. Several SCD gene isoforms (SCD1, SCD2, SCD3, and SCD4) exist in mice, and two have been characterized in humans. SCD1 gene expression in liver cells is regulated by numerous stimuli including diet and hormones. We are interested in why SCD is such a highly regulated enzyme even though oleate, the major product of this enzyme, is one of the most abundant FA in the diet and is therefore readily available. Dietary oleate is also well known for its TG-lowering effects and, as a major component of olive oil, is expected to have beneficial effects. However, high SCD activity has been implicated in diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and cancer in several animal models; therefore, the role that de novo oleate plays in these disease states has to be carefully evaluated. By using SCD1-/- mice, which are deficient in tissue oleate, we begin to learn more about the physiological role of SCD gene expression and oleate in normal and disease states.
Functional synthesis using area and delay optimization (1992)

The authors present two algorithms that synthesize a netlist of register-transfer level (RTL) components from a functional description while minimizing hardware costs and delay. Functional synthesis is composed of two subtasks, functionality recognition and component mapping, which were incorporated in the functional synthesis algorithms tool (FSA). The two algorithms solve the component mapping problem and accomplish area and delay optimization. The experiments showed that in most cases the algorithms produced a design that was comparable to that of a human designer. It was also found that FSA improved the design quality by 18% in about half of the example runs. FSA was able to improve 66% of the example designs when using functionality recognition by a 42% improvement in design quality. >
Twofold peak-to-average power ratio reduction technique in direct-detection optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system (2015)

High peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal is one of the limitations to the transmission performance of an optical OFDM system. Many PAPR reduction techniques have been proposed in previous works. However, most of them only consider a single scheme while overlooking the complementary features of these techniques. We propose a twofold PAPR reduction technique called Hadamard transform combined with a partial transmit sequence (PTS) (HTCP). The proposed HTCP scheme combines the merits of two complementary techniques, i.e., Hadamard transform and PTS, to improve the performance of the optical OFDM system in terms of PAPR and bit error rate (BER). Furthermore, the side information generated in PTS is transmitted by pilot sequences which increase the utilization of subcarriers. Least square estimation is used to estimate the pilot signal's phase to recover the side information. The HTCP scheme is theoretically analyzed in a direct-detection optical OFDM system. Simulation results show that the HTCP scheme has a better performance with regards to PAPR and BER compared with the case of applying only the Hadamard transform or PTS technique.
Managing land for food production in the twenty-first century: an outline (2003)

Agriculture is often seen as conservative in the sense that it changes only slowly. There are good reasons why this change is slow: agriculture is a complex activity that has to be adapted to particular environmental conditions, there must be no risk to food for the family, and the farmer has to perceive a material and usually financial benefit of any changes. It is nevertheless reasonable to assume that from the start of agriculture change has taken place in response to change in demand. The gradual change from hunting and gathering that supported limited, mobile populations to an increasing dependence on settled agriculture led to more and more people needing more productivity from the land.
Revocable and Decentralized Attribute-Based Encryption (2016)

In this paper, we propose a revocable and decentralized attribute-based encryption (ABE) system that splits the task of decryption key generation across multiple attribute authorities (AAs) without requiring any central party such that it achieves attribute revocation by simply stopping updating of the corresponding private key. In our system, a party can easily behave as an AA by creating a public and private key pair without any global communication except the creation for the common system parameters, under which it can periodically issue/update private key components for users that reflect their attributes, and an AA can freely leave the system once its corresponding attribute is revoked without communication with other AAs. In addition, to revoke a user, those AAs that have issued private keys to this user easily cease the key updating process for the user without affecting other AAs' execution. For the construction of our system, the technical barrier is to make private keys collusion resistant. Since in our system each component of a user's private key at a time period may come from different AAs and there is no coordination between these AAs, traditional technique of binding together different components (issued by different AAs) of a private key by randomization cannot be employed. To overcome this, we tie the key components together and prevent collusion attacks between different users by embedding distinct identifiers and a commonly shared time attribute in these components.
Low Energy Reaction cell for advanced space power applications (2001)

Power units using Low Energy Reactions (LENRs) are under study as a radical new approach to power units that could potentially replace nuclear and chemical power sources for a number of space applications. These cells employ thin metallic films (order of 500 Å, using variously Ni, Pd and Ti) as cathodes with various electrolytes such as 0.5–1 molar lithium sulfate in light water. Power densities exceeding 10 W/cm3 in the thin-films have been achieved. An ultimate goal is to incorporate this thin-film technology into a “tightly packed” cell design where the film material occupies ∼20% of the total cell volume. If this is achieved, overall power densities of ∼20 W/cm3 appear feasible, opening the way to a number of potential applications ranging from distributed power units in spacecraft to advanced propulsion.
Immediate and long term outcome of human parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy (1998)

Around 1 in 10 women infected before 20 weeks of gestation will suffer a fetal loss due to B19. The risk of an adverse outcome of pregnancy after this stage is remote. Infected women can be reassured that the maximum possible risk of a congenital abnormality due to B19 is under 1% and that long term development will be normal.
Titration of Variant HSV1-tk Gene Expression to Determine the Sensitivity of <sup>18</sup>F-FHBG PET Imaging in a Prostate Tumor (2009)

The stepwise titration of prostate cancer cells transduced with the lenti-CMV-sr39tk-IRES-EGFP determined the minimum number of sr39tk-expressing tumor cells necessary to be detected by PET using the (18)F-FHBG reporter probe. Furthermore, PET signal correlated well with traditional methods of protein evaluation such as flow cytometry, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Unlike the traditional methods, however, the use of PET is noninvasive and will be more advantageous in clinical situations.
NAI-based Dynamic Peer Discovery for RADIUS over TLS and DTLS (2009)

This document specifies a means to find authoritative AAA servers for
a given NAI realm. It can be used in conjunction with RADIUS over TLS
and RADIUS over DTLS.
Response of Hyperplastic Alveolar Nodule Outgrowth-Line D1 to Mammary Tumor Virus, Nodule-Inducing Virus, and Prolonged Hormonal Stimulation Acting Singly and in Combination<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1969)

This paper presents evidence that the nodule-inducing virus (NIV) can participate in the production of neoplastic cell variants within the hyperplastic alveolar nodules in the mammary glands of BALB/c mice. The transplanted D1 nodule outgrowth had an increased tumor incidence and a decreased mean age of onset after infection with NIV. An additional increase in tumor incidence was achieved when D1 nodule outgrowths were infected with both NIV and the mammary tumor virus (MTV). Although prolonged hormonal stimulation produced by pituitary isografts, in the absence of MTV and NIV infection, failed to increase the tumor incidence in D1 nodule outgrowth, it exerted a synergistic effect when acting in conjunction with either MTV or NIV.
Blueprint for an Autonomic Service Architecture (2006)

Service providers offer an array of services and applications that are media-rich, personalized, and context-aware. In this environment, new services and applications are introduced, provisioned, operated, maintained, and retired at a pace that tracks changing customer requirements and demands. In order to be cost-effective, these services and applications need to be delivered over an all-IP infrastructure, which is autonomically managed to ensure their delivery at a satisfactory level for subscribed customers. In this paper, we propose a blueprint for a generic autonomic service architecture (ASA) to address these challenges