gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neovascularization effect of biodegradable gelatin microspheres incorporating basic fibroblast growth factor (1999)

Biodegradable microspheres were prepared through glutaraldehyde cross-linking of gelatin without using any surfactants as a carrier matrix of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). In the in vitro system, bFGF was sorbed to microspheres of acidic gelatin with an isoelectric point (IEP) of 5.0, but not to those of basic gelatin with an IEP of 9.0. The rate of bFGF sorption to the acidic gelatin microsphere in phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) was smaller than that in water. Following incorporation of bFGF into the microspheres at 4 degrees C for 12 h, bFGF release from the bFGF-incorporating microspheres was studied. Approximately 30% of incorporated bFGF was released from the acidic gelatin microsphere within the initial 3 h, followed by no substantial release, whereas the basic gelatin microsphere released almost completely the incorporated bFGF within 1 day. It is likely that when basic bFGF molecules were immobilized to the acidic gelatin constituting microspheres through polyion complexation, they were not readily released under the in vitro nondegradation condition of gelatin. Incorporation of anionic carboxylmethyl cellulose (CMC) into the acidic gelatin microspheres reduced the amount of bFGF desorbed initially. This indicates that the initial burst is ascribed to free bFGF which is not ionically interacted with the acidic gelatin. CMC will function as a bFGF sorbent to suppress the initial leakage from the microspheres. When injected subcutaneously into the mouse back, bFGF-incorporating acidic gelatin microspheres were degraded over time and induced neovascularization around the injection site, in marked contrast to bFGF in the solution form. CMC incorporation slowed down the biodegradation and vascularization effect of bFGF-incorporating gelatin microspheres. It was concluded that the gelatin microsphere was a promising carrier matrix of bFGF to enhance the vascularization effect.
Design and optimization of a near-eye multifocal display system for augmented reality (2015)

We present a binocular, near-eye multifocal display prototype capable of multiplexing 6-focal-plane, flicker-free virtual content into the eyes. The prototype’s hardware design, focal sampling strategy, and rendered multifocal images are presented.
Automatic Water Tank Level and Pump Control System (2019)

Scarcity of water is one of the biggest issues revolving across the globe and water crisis is reaching the alarming level day by day. So, water conservation in one or the other way is gaining a significant importance. Mostly, now a days in urban as well as in rural areas water tank system is available. The biggest disadvantage of this system is the overflow of water from overhead tank and overrunning of water pump. Hence, in this work, it is tried to design an automatic water tank level and pump control system, which ensures several benefits. The sensor devices used in our system detects and controls the water level in the overhead tank and even in the pump. As per the level of water present in the overhead tank, the sensor senses the levels and sends different signals to the Arduino and the signals are used for switching ON and OFF the motor pump as per requirements. The Arduino will control the pump by preventing it from dry running. A buzzer is attached to the circuit, which will ring when the water reaches the critical level in the overhead tank.
Environmental Stressors on Skin Aging. Mechanistic Insights (2019)

The skin is the main barrier that protects us against environmental stressors (physical, chemical, and biological). These stressors, combined with internal factors, are responsible for cutaneous aging. Furthermore, they negatively affect the skin and increase the risk of cutaneous diseases, particularly skin cancer. This review addresses the impact of environmental stressors on skin aging, especially those related to general and specific external factors (lifestyle, occupation, pollutants, and light exposure). More specifically, we have evaluated ambient air pollution, household air pollutants from non-combustion sources, and exposure to light (ultraviolet radiation and blue and red light). We approach the molecular pathways involved in skin aging and pathology as a result of exposure to these external environmental stressors. Finally, we reflect on how components of environmental stress can interact with ultraviolet radiation to cause cell damage and the critical importance of knowing the mechanisms to develop new therapies to maintain the skin without damage in old age and to repair its diseases.
Benchmarking the Customer Configuration Updating Practices of Product Software Vendors (2008)

Product software vendors do not invest enough effort on release, delivery, deployment, and usage and activation of their software products. Not spending effort on these customer configuration updating processes leads to high overhead per customer, which impedes growth in customer numbers. This paper presents the results of a survey that provides product software vendors with an overview of their customer configuration updating processes and practices, and benchmarks theirs against competitors using similar technology, of the same size, and active in the same market. These benchmarks contain customized advice to the respondent company that can be used to strategically improve customer configuration updating processes to gain efficiency and effectiveness. The survey was held in the Netherlands, and 74 software vendors responded. Amongst other conclusions, a significant positive correlation was found between success of a software product and a vendor's recent investments into customer configuration updating.
Blockade of LAG3 enhances responses of tumor-infiltrating T cells in mismatch repair-proficient liver metastases of colorectal cancer (2018)

<b>Purpose</b>: Liver metastasis develops in >50% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and is a leading cause of CRC-related mortality. We aimed to identify which inhibitory immune checkpoint pathways can be targeted to enhance functionality of intra-tumoral T-cells in mismatch repair-proficient liver metastases of colorectal cancer (LM-CRC). <b>Methodology</b>: Intra-tumoral expression of multiple inhibitory molecules was compared among mismatch repair-proficient LM-CRC, peritoneal metastases of colorectal cancer (PM-CRC) and primary CRC. Expression of inhibitory molecules was also analyzed on leukocytes isolated from paired resected metastatic liver tumors, tumor-free liver tissues, and blood of patients with mismatch repair-proficient LM-CRC. The effects of blocking inhibitory pathways on tumor-infiltrating T-cell responses were studied in <i>ex vivo</i> functional assays. <b>Results</b>: Mismatch repair-proficient LM-CRC showed higher expression of inhibitory receptors on intra-tumoral T-cells and contained higher proportions of CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells, dendritic cells and monocytes than mismatch repair-proficient primary CRC and/or PM-CRC. Inhibitory receptors LAG3, PD-1, TIM3 and CTLA4 were higher expressed on CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells, CD4<sup>+</sup> T-helper and/or regulatory T-cells in LM-CRC tumors compared with tumor-free liver and blood. Antibody blockade of LAG3 or PD-L1 increased proliferation and effector cytokine production of intra-tumoral T-cells isolated from LM-CRC in response to both polyclonal and autologous tumor-specific stimulations. Higher LAG3 expression on intra-tumoral CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells associated with longer progression-free survival of LM-CRC patients. <b>Conclusion</b>: Mismatch repair-proficient LM-CRC may be more sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors than mismatch repair-proficient primary CRC. Blocking LAG3 enhances tumor-infiltrating T-cell responses of mismatch repair-proficient LM-CRC, and therefore may be a new promising immunotherapeutic target for LM-CRC.
Macromolecular engineering of polylactones and polylactides. 8. Ring-opening polymerization of iε-caprolactone initiated by primary amines and trialkylaluminum (1992)

peer reviewed
Spontaneous breathing trial with low pressure support protocol for weaning respirator in surgical ICU. (2009)

Spontaneous breathing trial with low-pressure support protocol for liberal from mechanical ventilator was effective to reduce weaning time, ventilator day, and length of ICU stay in general surgical intensive care units.
Sentinel Scheduling with Recovery Blocks (1995)

This paper introduces a method for speculative execution, sentinel scheduling with recovery blocks, which is an improvement upon sentinel scheduling. This method is compared against speculative models that have been proposed previously. The hardware and compiler support needed for sentinel scheduling with recovery blocks is fully described. Quantitative results of speedup and code growth are presented for 14 benchmark programs. This method was fully implemented with the IMPACT compiler. Sentinel scheduling with recovery blocks is shown to have a low hardware cost, while achieving good performance results.
Influences of Laser Spot Welding on Magnetic Property of a Sintered NdFeB Magnet (2016)

Laser welding has been considered as a promising method to join sintered NdFeB permanent magnets thanks to its high precision and productivity. However, the influences of laser welding on the magnetic property of NdFeB are still not clear. In the present paper, the effects of laser power on the remanence (Br) were experimentally investigated in laser spot welding of a NdFeB magnet (N48H). Results show that the Br decreased with the increase of laser power. For the same welding parameters, the Br of magnets, that were magnetized before welding, were much lower than that of magnets that were magnetized after welding. The decrease in Br of magnets after laser welding resulted from the changes in microstructures and, in turn, the deterioration of magnetic properties in the nugget and the heat affected zone (HAZ) in a laser weld. It is recommended that the dimensions of nuggets and HAZ in laser welds of a NdFeB permanent magnet should be as small as possible, and the magnets should be welded before being magnetized in order to achieve a better magnetic performance in practical engineering applications.
Design considerations for silicon HLE solar cells (1978)

The high-low (H-L) junction in the emitter region that defines the high-low-junction emitter (HLE) solar cell suppresses the dark emitter recombination current J sub E so that the base recombination current dominates in determining the open-circuit voltage. For silicon cells this enables the achievement of considerably larger values of open-circuit voltage than those achievable in conventional structures. This paper describes experiments that demonstrate the achievement of J sub E suppression (to less than 5 x 10 to the -14th A/sq cm) and large open-circuit voltage (640 mV) in HLE test cells of two distinct types. In the first type (the diffused HLE structure) impurity diffusion forms the H-L junction in the emitter; in the second type (the oxide-charge-induced HLE structure) the H-L junction is formed in emitter material of relatively low doping concentration by an oxide-charge-induced electron accumulation layer.
Continuous Hyperspectral Absorption Measurements of Colored Dissolved Organic Material in Aquatic Systems (2003)

The majority of organic carbon in the oceans is present as dissolved organic matter (DOM); therefore understanding the distribution and dynamics of DOM is central to understanding global carbon cycles. Describing the time-space variability in colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) has been difficult, as standard spectrophotometric methods for CDOM determination are laborious and susceptible to methodological biases. Previously, measurements of CDOM absorption in discrete water samples by use of a liquid-waveguide capillary cell (LWCC) compared favorably with measurements made with a benchtop spectrophotometer. Given this, we focused on automating the LWCC technique to improve our spatial and temporal sampling capabilities for CDOM. We found strong correlations between CDOM absorption spectra collected from discrete water samples using standard methods and selected corresponding CDOM spectra collected by the automated LWCC system. The near-continuous measurements by the LWCC system made it possible to map the temporal, spatial, and spectral variability of CDOM absorption along the ship track.
Assessment of Time and Frequency Domain Entropies to Detect Sleep Apnoea in Heart Rate Variability Recordings from Men and Women (2015)

Heart rate variability (HRV) provides useful information about heart dynamics both under healthy and pathological conditions. Entropy measures have shown their utility to characterize these dynamics. In this paper, we assess the ability of spectral entropy (SE) and multiscale entropy (MsE) to characterize the sleep apnoea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) in HRV recordings from 188 subjects. Additionally, we evaluate eventual differences in these analyses depending on the gender. We found that the SE computed from the very low frequency band and the low frequency band showed ability to characterize SAHS regardless the gender; and that MsE features may be able to distinguish gender specificities. SE and MsE showed complementarity to detect SAHS, since several features from both analyses were automatically selected by the forward-selection backward-elimination algorithm. Finally, SAHS was modelled through logistic regression (LR) by using optimum sets of selected features. Modelling SAHS by genders reached significant higher performance than doing it in a jointly way. The highest diagnostic ability was reached by modelling SAHS in women. The LR classifier achieved 85.2% accuracy (Acc) and 0.951 area under the ROC curve (AROC). LR for men reached 77.6% Acc and 0.895 AROC, whereas LR for the whole set reached 72.3% Acc and 0.885 AROC. Our results show the usefulness of the SE and MsE analyses of HRV to detect SAHS, as well as suggest that, when using HRV, SAHS may be more accurately modelled if data are separated by gender.
Effects of caffeine ingestion on rating of perceived exertion during and after exercise: a meta‐analysis (2005)

The purpose of this study was to use the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of caffeine ingestion on ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Twenty-one studies with 109 effect sizes (ESs) met the inclusion criteria. Coding incorporated RPE scores obtained both during constant load exercise (n=89) and upon termination of exhausting exercise (n=20). In addition, when reported, the exercise performance ES was also computed (n=16). In comparison to placebo, caffeine reduced RPE during exercise by 5.6% (95% CI (confidence interval), -4.5% to -6.7%), with an equivalent RPE ES of -0.47 (95% CI, -0.35 to -0.59). These values were significantly greater (P<0.05) than RPE obtained at the end of exercise (RPE % change, 0.01%; 95% CI, -1.9 to 2.0%; RPE ES, 0.00, 95% CI, -0.17 to 0.17). In addition, caffeine improved exercise performance by 11.2% (95% CI; 4.6-17.8%). Regression analysis revealed that RPE obtained during exercise could account for approximately 29% of the variance in the improvement in exercise performance. The results demonstrate that caffeine reduces RPE during exercise and this may partly explain the subsequent ergogenic effects of caffeine on performance.
The brain basis of emotion: A meta-analytic review (2012)

Researchers have wondered how the brain creates emotions since the early days of psychological science. With a surge of studies in affective neuroscience in recent decades, scientists are poised to answer this question. In this target article, we present a meta-analytic summary of the neuroimaging literature on human emotion. We compare the locationist approach (i.e., the hypothesis that discrete emotion categories consistently and specifically correspond to distinct brain regions) with the psychological constructionist approach (i.e., the hypothesis that discrete emotion categories are constructed of more general brain networks not specific to those categories) to better understand the brain basis of emotion. We review both locationist and psychological constructionist hypotheses of brain-emotion correspondence and report meta-analytic findings bearing on these hypotheses. Overall, we found little evidence that discrete emotion categories can be consistently and specifically localized to distinct brain regions. Instead, we found evidence that is consistent with a psychological constructionist approach to the mind: A set of interacting brain regions commonly involved in basic psychological operations of both an emotional and non-emotional nature are active during emotion experience and perception across a range of discrete emotion categories.
Lethal interaction between hydrogen peroxide and o-phenanthroline in Escherichia coli. (1994)

The iron chelator o-phenanthroline enhances the lethal effect of H2O2 about four hundred times in Escherichia coli when both substances are added simultaneously to the culture medium. If o-phenanthroline is added for increasing periods of time prior to the addition of H2O2, there is a shift from this lethal interaction to protection by the chelator about seven hundred times. It is known that the Fe(2+)-o-phenanthroline(I) and Fe(2+)-o-phenanthroline(II) complexes are formed quickly whereas the final and more stable Fe(2+)-o-phenanthroline(III) complex is formed slowly. Moreover, the mono and bis complexes react with H2O2 to produce OH., whereas the tris complex is stable towards H2O2. Therefore, the lethal effect could be explained by the kinetics of reaction of o-phenanthroline with intracellular Fe2+, i.e., the mono and bis complexes are more reactive than intracellular Fe2+.
Design factors in the development of an optical character recognition machine (1962)

Interest in optical character recognition has grown tremendously during the past several years. When one considers the volume of printed information that must be accessible both to human readers and to data processing machines, the increasing interest is not at all surprising. Many optical character recognition principles that appear to be quite powerful are impractical or too costly to implement with available technology. Other principles that appear relatively economical require an input quality that is impractical to generate. The field for commercial development falls somewhere between these two extremes. Many factors determine the character recognition principles to be utilized in the development of a machine system. Of primary importance are: 1) The shapes of the symbols to be sensed, 2) The number of different symbols to be discriminated, 3) The print quality range that must be accommodated, and 4) The required performance of the system. Unfortunately, in the present state of the art, the relationship of these factors to each other and to a given principle can be only qualitatively defined. This paper describes and discusses the development of a practical optical character recognition system, the character recognition portion of the IBM 1418 Optical Character Reader. The considerations involved are applicable to the development of any character recognition system.
The risky business of dopamine agonists in Parkinson disease and impulse control disorders. (2011)

Risk-taking behavior is characterized by pursuit of reward in spite of potential negative consequences. Dopamine neurotransmission along the mesocorticolimbic pathway is a potential modulator of risk behavior. In patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), impulse control disorder (ICD) can result from dopaminergic medication use, particularly dopamine agonists (DAA). Behaviors associated with ICD include hypersexuality as well as compulsive gambling, shopping, and eating, and these behaviors are potentially linked to alterations to risk processing. Using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, we assessed the role of agonist therapy on risk-taking behavior in PD patients with (n = 22) and without (n = 19) active ICD symptoms. Patients performed the task both "on" and "off" DAA. DAA increased risk-taking in PD patients with active ICD symptoms, but it did not affect risk behavior of PD controls. DAA dose was also important in explaining risk behavior. Both groups similarly reduced their risk-taking in high compared to low risk conditions and following the occurrence of a negative consequence, suggesting that ICD patients do not necessarily differ in their abilities to process and adjust to some aspects of negative consequences. Our findings suggest dopaminergic augmentation of risk-taking behavior as a potential contributing mechanism for the emergence of ICD in PD patients.
SYNTHESIS OF SATURATED AND UNSATURATED<scp>L</scp>-α-LECITHINS ACYLATION OF THE CADMIUM CHLORIDE COMPOUND OF<scp>L</scp>-α-GLYCERYLPHOSPHORYLCHOLINE (1959)

A facile procedure for the preparation of saturated and unsaturated L-α-lecithins from L-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) is reported. The lecithins are obtained by acylating L-α-GPC, in the form of its cadmium chloride addition compound, with fatty acid chloride and pyridine at low temperature (0°–25°). The acylation proceeds rapidly and yields optically pureL-α-lecithins. The preparation of the distearoyl-, dimyristoyl-, and dioleoyl L-α-lecithins by this procedure is described.The deacylation of lecithins with mercuric chloride or sodium hydroxide was investigated. Both procedures give a partially racemized L-α-GPC. This was established by the finding that the optical activity of the lecithins resulting from reacylating the L-α-GPC preparations in the form of their cadmium chloride compounds was considerably lower than that of the corresponding authentic lecithins.
Preparation, characterization, and binding profile of molecularly imprinted hydrogels for the peptide hepcidin (2010)

Abstract Molecularly imprinted hydrogels for the capture of the peptide hormone hepcidin were prepared by water‐in‐oil (w/o) suspension polymerization under mild conditions. Spherical and relatively uniformly sized gel beads were routinely obtained after optimization of the synthetic methodology. The polymers were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Although the imprinted materials exhibited higher affinity towards the epitope template (hepcidin N ‐terminus) than their corresponding blank polymers, the full‐length target peptide was found strongly bound to all the hydrogels tested. However, by using whole fluorescent hepcidin as the print species, the imprinting effect was more pronounced. Moreover, bovine serum albumin did not bind to the poly N ‐isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAm)‐based polymers. Thus, polymeric “sponges” for biomacromolecules with size‐exclusion effect were developed, useful for peptide concentration, immobilization and/or purification from serum samples. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1721–1731, 2010
Acrosin shows zona and fucose binding, novel properties for a serine proteinase (1987)

The major fucose-binding protein of 53 kDa from boar spermatozoa was isolated to apparent homogeneity using a two-step procedure including high-performance gel filtration and reversed-phase chromatography. The N-terminal sequence of the protein revealed that it is identical with the sperm proteinase acrosin. By means of a solid-phase zona-binding assay based on the avidin-biotin system it was demonstrated that acrosin also interacts strongly with porcine zona pellucida. Thus, the acrosin molecule combines specific proteolytic activity with zona- and carbohydrate-affinity properties, i.e. previously unrecognized properties of a serine proteinase. It seems likely that this special affinity of acrosin directs the proteolytic activity to its structural target in the vivo situation.