gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deriving vocal tract shapes from electromagnetic articulograph data via geometric adaptation and matching (2009)

In this paper, we present our efforts towards deriving vocal tract shapes from ElectroMagnetic Articulograph data (EMA) via geometric adaptation and matching. We describe a novel approach for adapting Maeda’s geometric model of the vocal tract to one speaker in the MOCHA database. We show how we can rely solely on the EMA data for adaptation. We present our search technique for the vocal tract shapes that best fit the given EMA data. We then describe our approach of synthesizing speech from these shapes. Results on Mel-cepstral distortion reflect improvement in synthesis over the approach we used before without adaptation.
Mechanism of neocarzinostatin action: role of DNA microstructure in determination of chemistry of bistranded oxidative damage (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of neocarzinostatin action: role of DNA microstructure in determination of chemistry of bistranded oxidative damageIrving H. GoldbergCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1991, 24, 7, 191–198Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00007a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00007a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1447Altmetric-Citations285LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effective method for improving illuminating properties of white-light LEDs (2005)

Recently, the applications of light emitting diodes (LED) in illumination are up roaring, and the solutions with high color rendition under various color temperature are in urgent need. Therefore, an effective method for improving lighting properties is very critical and necessary. To study new material of phosphor to combine with the LED chip or new LED structure to emit different spectrum could improve them. In addition, to combine with different kind of LEDs could achieve the same purpose and even with much lower cost. In this work, it has developed such an optimization method for a common white LED combined with a color LED. This method allows for finding the optimal mixing ratio of luminance of both LEDs in order to obtain the best CRI for illumination. By combining with a specific color LED, a white LED whose color temperature is approximately 6500K and CRI is 70, can be improved its color rendering index better than 80 and its correlated color temperature down to near 3000K simultaneously. Moreover, it could produce one which is more close to the warm-white lighting, and it is possible to substitute for the incandescent lamp. Thus, the mixing light is more suitable for illumination in housing applications. In the same way, with more LEDs in combination, CRI could be enhanced much better.
A Safe and Efficient Flow Oxidation of Aldehydes with O<sub>2</sub> (2013)

A safe, straightforward, and atom economic approach for the oxidation of aliphatic aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acids within a continuous flow reactor is reported. Typically, the reaction is performed at room temperature using 5 bar of oxygen in PFA tubing and does require neither additional catalysts nor radical initiators except for those already contained in the starting materials. In some cases, a catalytic amount of a Mn(II) catalyst is added. Such a flow process may prove to be a valuable alternative to traditionally catalyzed aerobic processes.
In Vitro Transfer of L-Alanine, L-Histidine, and Carnosine Across Rumen Epithelium of Sheep (2001)

The objectives of this experiment were to study the transfer of free amino acids (alanine, histidine) and dipeptide (carnosine) of different concentrations from the mucosal to the serosal side of the rumen epithelium after 60 min of incubation in vitro. Experiments were carried out on the rumen epithelium taken from twenty four young sheep. The transfer of alanine and carnosine was not significantly different between concentrations of 0.5 and 1 mmol.l - . Only the transfer of histidine increased in both cases from 0.036 0.007 to 0.074 0.002 mmol.l - . The transfer of histidine rose with increasing concentration from 1 mmol.l - to 5 or 10 mmol.l - (from 0.074 0.002 to 0.191 0.012 or 0.449 0.013 mmol.l - ). Alanine increased from 1 to 5 mmol.l - (from 0.037 0.005 to 0.163 0.007) but the 10 mmol.l - concentration did not affect transfer of alanine (0.184 0.054 mmol.l - ). The opposite result was found in carnosine. The 5 mmol.l - concentration did not affect the transfer of carnosine compared with 1 mmol.l - (0.048 0.004 v.s. 0.036 0.005 mmol.l - ) but the transfer of carnosine was six times higher in the 10 mmol.l - versus 5 mmol.l - (0.273 0.055 v.s. 0.048 0.004 mmol.l - ). The results of this study indicate that amino acids can transfer more easily through the rumen wall in lower initial concentrations than the dipeptide carnosine can.
Combinatorial materials research applied to the development of new surface coatings VI: An automated spinning water jet apparatus for the high-throughput characterization of fouling-release marine coatings (2007)

Large numbers of coatings can be generated very quickly using a combinatorial high-throughput approach. Rapid screening assays are typically required to adequately evaluate and down select coating candidates to identify promising compositions. An automated, spinning water jet apparatus was developed to rapidly characterize the adhesion strength of marine organisms to coating surfaces. Coating arrays are cast in multiwell plates and subjected to a jet of water of controlled pressure and duration. Array plates are manipulated by a robotic arm to facilitate accurate and repeatable water jet treatments. Jet pressures of 40-688 kPa can be generated and precisely maintained by computer control. A five axis robotic arm selects plates from three plate stacking hotels yielding a total of 39 plates or 936 individual coating samples for each experimental run. All robotic instructions, process parameters, and data are stored and controlled by the computer. The large plate handling capacity offered by the robotic system enables the analysis of a wide variety of coatings for "fouling-release" properties. A brief example demonstrating the capability of the automated water jet apparatus to evaluate marine bacterial adhesion to coating surfaces is provided.
TIMP2•IGFBP7 biomarker panel accurately predicts acute kidney injury in high-risk surgical patients (2015)

Prognostic study, level I.
Simultaneous detection of hepatitis C virus core antigen and antibodies in Saudi drug users using a novel assay (2008)

Drug users and particularly, injecting drug users, are at increased risk for infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The aims of the study were to simultaneously detect HCV core antigen and specific antibodies in sera from Saudi drug users using the new HCV combination assay and to compare this data with HCV core antigen, anti-HCV antibodies and HCV RNA data from the same patients. A total of 297 patients who are followed up or admitted to a drug rehabilitation hospital over a period of 3 years were included in this study. Samples were analyzed using the new HCV Ag/Ab combination assay (Meurex), HCV core Ag assay, HCV antibodies and with the HCV RNA assay. Out of the 297 samples from Saudi drug users, 111 samples (37.4%) have detectable HCV core Ag, 112 samples (37.7%) have detectable HCV antibodies, 118 have detectable HCV RNA, and 116 samples were positive by the HCV Ag/Ab combination assay (39.1%). Out of the 116 samples, HCV core Ag was detected in 110 samples (94.8%), HCV antibodies were detected in 111 (95.7%) samples and HCV RNA was detected in 114 samples (98.3%). In the control group (n = 305), only 2 (0.66%) blood donor were positive by HCV antibodies assay, HCV RNA assay as well as HCV Ag/Ab combination assay. The new HCV Ag/Ab combination assay may well improve the overall quality of diagnosis of HCV infection especially in high risk population such as drug users that necessitates rigorous testing.
Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibition in Parkinson's Disease: How Can Curcumin Protect Mitochondria? (2007)

Selective damage of mitochondrial complex I within the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra is the central event during Parkinson disease. Peroxynitrite is one of the important free radicals probably mediating complex I damage. Peroxynitrite inhibits brain complex I mainly by 3-nitrotyrosine and nitrosothiol formation, but how these modifications alter the structure-function relation of complex I is unclear. Curcumin pretreatment protects brain mitochondria against peroxynitrite in vitro by direct detoxification and prevention of 3-nitrotyrosine formation and in vivo by elevation of total cellular glutathione levels. These results suggest a potential therapeutic role for curcumin against nitrosative stress in neurological disorders.
Frequency-comb-referenced multi-wavelength profilometry for largely stepped surfaces (2013)

3-D profiles of discontinuous surfaces patterned with high step structures are measured using four wavelengths generated by phase-locking to the frequency comb of an Er-doped fiber femtosecond laser stabilized to the Rb atomic clock. This frequency-comb-referenced method of multi-wavelength interferometry permits extending the phase non-ambiguity range by a factor of 64,500 while maintaining the sub-wavelength measurement precision of single-wavelength interferometry. Experimental results show a repeatability of 3.13 nm (one-sigma) in measuring step heights of 1800, 500, and 70 μm. The proposed method is accurate enough for the standard calibration of gauge blocks and also fast to be suited for the industrial inspection of microelectronics products.
Dual model describing effects of evaporated metal gate on low-k dielectric methylsilsesquioxane in metal oxide semiconductor capacitor structure (2003)

Spin-on Methylsilsesquioxane (MSQ) exhibits low dielectric constant and is an important and promising material to reduce parasitic capacitive coupling between metal layers in semiconductor integrated circuits. However, MSQ has lower film density and therefore more porous than the traditional silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) film and could pose reliability issues. This paper is an extension to previous paper
Translation of mRNA for human lymphotoxin in microinjected <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes (1984)

Synthesis and secretion of biologically active human lymphotoxin (LT) can be detected in Xenopus laevis oocytes following their inoculation with poly(A+) RNA from human stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes, but not in oocytes inoculated with RNA from unstimulated lymphocytes or from fibroblastoid cells. In size-fractionating mRNA of stimulated lymphocytes most LT activity is found to be coded for by RNA with an approximate sedimentation value of 19 S.
Evaluation of RNAi and CRISPR technologies by large-scale gene expression profiling in the Connectivity Map (2017)

The application of RNA interference (RNAi) to mammalian cells has provided the means to perform phenotypic screens to determine the functions of genes. Although RNAi has revolutionized loss-of-function genetic experiments, it has been difficult to systematically assess the prevalence and consequences of off-target effects. The Connectivity Map (CMAP) represents an unprecedented resource to study the gene expression consequences of expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). Analysis of signatures for over 13,000 shRNAs applied in 9 cell lines revealed that microRNA (miRNA)-like off-target effects of RNAi are far stronger and more pervasive than generally appreciated. We show that mitigating off-target effects is feasible in these datasets via computational methodologies to produce a consensus gene signature (CGS). In addition, we compared RNAi technology to clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based knockout by analysis of 373 single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) in 6 cells lines and show that the on-target efficacies are comparable, but CRISPR technology is far less susceptible to systematic off-target effects. These results will help guide the proper use and analysis of loss-of-function reagents for the determination of gene function.
Hemoglobin Fluorescence (2003)

Protein structural analysis took a big leap forward with the discovery of aromatic amino acid and protein fluorescence (1–4). The intrinsic fluorescence of proteins is a highly sensitive reporter of conformational change at or near the fluorescent tryptophans (Trp) and tyrosines (Tyr). Phenylalanine also exhibits ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence excitation and emission, with a low quantum yield that becomes insignificant in proteins containing Tyr and Trp. The binding of specific extrinsic fluorescent probes allows the site-specific probing of other microdomains or nonfluorescent side chains. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements serve as a “spectroscopic ruler” to measure intramolecular and intermolecular distances and may also be used to ascertain the magnitude of conformational change on ligand binding, protein folding, and protein-protein interactions ([5]; for basic principles of fluorescence, see ref. 6).
Development and proliferative capacity of cardiac muscle cells. (1974)

In this article the cytological features of cardiac enlargement are reviewed. During the embryonic development of the myocardium, both undifferentiated cells and cells containing myofibrillar proteins divide. As the heart grows and approaches maturity, its muscle cells progressively lose their mitotic activity, and hypertrophy of myocytes becomes the principal process of cardiac enlargement. Cytological features of cardiac enlargement secondary to work overloading depend on the stage of heart development. In the early postnatal heart increased work load results in enlargement characterized by an increase in both the number and size of myocardial cells. The adult heart enlarges only by hypertrophy of its myocytes. Morphometric studies of diseased human hearts enlarged in excess of 500 g indicate an increased number of muscle cells. Some of the control mechanisms regulating mitotic activity in myocytes are discussed: (1) Critical mitosis theory: it has been suggested that synthesis of DNA and of cell specific proteins are mutually exclusive processes. A block of DNA synthesis then occurs during differentiation of myoblasts as a conseqence of a specific mitosis leading to a new phenotype cell. (2) ''Critical mass'' theory: it is postulated that the gradually accumulating cell specific structures present a hindrance to mitotic division ofmore » nucleus. After a critical mass has been reached, no more mitoses are possible. (3) Repression of DNA synthesis: synthesis of DNA in developing myocytes declines with maturation. Nevertheless, under rare conditions DNA synthesis can be reactivated, suggesting a repression rather than an irreversible block of DNA synthesis.« less
A Hypothesis for determining the maximum viscosity of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in solutions of divalent cations of high ionic strength (1996)

A hypothesis for deterrnining the maximum viscosity of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (or CMC) in salt solutions with respect to the concentration of CMC, the ionic strength and the cation size of the salts is proposed. The viscosity behavior of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in high ionic strength solutions was studied by varying the concentration of the CMC and the type of counterion. The object of this series of two experiments was to determine the effect of valency, cation size and ionic strength on the viscosity of CMC in high ionic strength solutions. The viscosity data in this study suggest some trends with regard to the effect of ionic strength and concentration of CMC on the viscosity behavior of CMC in solution which have been previously unreported. Additionally, some of the samples exhibited characterisitics which suggest the possibility of gelation or crosslinking of the polymer.
Cellulose-Based Liquid Crystalline Polymers; Esters of (Hydroxypropyl) Cellulose (1983)

Abstract Propionic, n-butyric, isobutyric and phthalic acid esters of (hydroxypropyl)cellulose were prepared and characterized. The aliphatic esters were readily formed by reacting (hydroxypropyl)cellulose with the corresponding acid chloride at room temperature. The phthalic acid ester was formed by reacting phthalic anhydride with (hydroxypropyl)cellulose in pyridine at 45°C. The bulk aliphatic esters exhibit cholesteric reflection in the visible range of the spectrum. The wavelength of the reflection peak maximum, Λo, was measured spec-trophotometrically at different temperatures. Plots of Λº reached zero (i.e. the cholesteric pitch became infinite) at temperatures close to the anisotropic-isotropic phase transition temperatures. The latter temperatures were determined experimentally by polarizing micros-copy and differential scanning calorimetry, and were in the range 165°C ± 10°C for all cellulose derivatives studied in this work. The optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and circular dichroism (CD) of thin layers of the planar cholesteric mesophase were also discussed.
PIGMENTATION AND TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS<i>XANTHOMONAS</i> (1964)

Starr, Mortimer P. (University of California, Davis), and William L. Stephens. Pigmentation and taxonomy of the genus Xanthomonas. J. Bacteriol. 87:293-302. 1964.-The colonies formed by phytopathogenic bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas are typically yellow in color. This chromogenesis stems from the presence in all yellow xanthomonads of a particular carotenoid pigment. This unique "Xanthomonas-carotenoid," which has not been found in any yellow nonxanthomonad, is characterized herein to the extent required for its recognition by relatively simple screening procedures. In general, the occurrence of a carotenoid "alcohol" with absorption maxima at 418, 437, and 463 mmu (petroleum ether)-in a gram-negative, polarly-flagellated, oxidative, rod-shaped bacterium-would suggest placement of that microorganism in the genus Xanthomonas.
A comprehensive transposon mutant library of <i>Francisella novicida</i> , a bioweapon surrogate (2007)

Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is one of the most infectious bacterial pathogens known and is a category A select agent. We created a sequence-defined, near-saturation transposon mutant library of F. tularensis novicida, a subspecies that causes a tularemia-like disease in rodents. The library consists of 16,508 unique insertions, an average of >9 insertions per gene, which is a coverage nearly twice that of the greatest previously achieved for any bacterial species. Insertions were recovered in 84% (1,490) of the predicted genes. To achieve high coverage, it was necessary to construct transposons carrying an endogenous Francisella promoter to drive expression of antibiotic resistance. An analysis of genes lacking (or with few) insertions identified nearly 400 candidate essential genes, most of which are likely to be required for growth on rich medium and which represent potential therapeutic targets. To facilitate genome-scale screening using the mutant collection, we assembled a sublibrary made up of two purified mutants per gene. The library provides a resource for virtually complete identification of genes involved in virulence and other nonessential processes.
Synthetic Zinc and Magnesium Chlorin Aggregates as Models for Supramolecular Antenna Complexes in Chlorosomes of Green Photosynthetic Bacteria (1996)

Abstract— A comparison of the spectra of in vitro (3‐hydroxymethyl‐13 1 ‐oxometallochlorin) and in vivo chlorosomal (bacterio‐chlorophyll‐ c ) aggregates suggests a similar supramolecular structure for the artificial oligomers and the bacte‐riochlorophyll‐ c aggregates in the extramembranous antenna complexes (chlorosomes) of green photosynthetic bacteria. Synthetic zinc and magnesium chlorins have been found to aggregate in 1 % (vol/vol) tetrahydrofuran and hexane solutions and in thin films to form oligomers with the Q y absorption bands shifted to longer wavelengths by about 1900 (Zn chlorins) and 2100 cm −1 (Mg) relative to the corresponding monomer bands. Visible absorption and circular dichroism spectra of various zinc chlorins establish that a central metal, a 3 1 ‐hydroxy and a 13 1 ‐keto group are functional prerequisites for the aggregation. Vibrational bands measured by IR spectroscopy of solid films reveal two characteristic structural features of the oligomers: (1) a five‐coordinated metallochlorin macrocycle with an axial ligand (bands at 1500‐1630 cm −1 ), and (2) a hydrogen bond between the keto oxygen of one chlorin and the hydroxy group of a second chlorin, the oxygen of which is chelated to the metal atom of a third molecule, i.e . C=O…H‐O…M (=Zn or Mg).
Enabling Effective Programming and Flexible Management of Efficient Body Sensor Network Applications (2012)

Wireless body sensor networks (BSNs) possess enormous potential for changing people's daily lives. They can enhance many human-centered application domains such as m-Health, sport and wellness, and human-centered applications that involve physical/virtual social interactions. However, there are still challenging issues that limit their wide diffusion in real life: primarily, the programming complexity of these systems, due to the lack of high-level software abstractions, and the hardware constraints of wearable devices. In contrast with low-level programming and general-purpose middleware, domain-specific frameworks are an emerging programming paradigm designed to fulfill the lack of suitable BSN programming support with proper abstraction layers. This paper analyzes the most important requirements for an effective BSN-specific software framework, enabling efficient signal-processing applications. Specifically, we present signal processing in node environment (SPINE), an open-source programming framework, designed to support rapid and flexible prototyping and management of BSN applications. We describe how SPINE efficiently addresses the identified requirements while providing performance analysis on the most common hardware/software sensor platforms. We also report a few high-impact BSN applications that have been entirely implemented using SPINE to demonstrate practical examples of its effectiveness and flexibility. This development experience has notably led to the definition of a SPINE-based design methodology for BSN applications. Finally, lessons learned from the development of such applications and from feedback received by the SPINE community are discussed.