gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methodology for diagnosing of skin cancer on images of dermatologic spots by spectral analysis (2015)

In this paper a new methodology for the diagnosing of skin cancer on images of dermatologic spots using image processing is presented. Currently skin cancer is one of the most frequent diseases in humans. This methodology is based on Fourier spectral analysis by using filters such as the classic, inverse and k-law nonlinear. The sample images were obtained by a medical specialist and a new spectral technique is developed to obtain a quantitative measurement of the complex pattern found in cancerous skin spots. Finally a spectral index is calculated to obtain a range of spectral indices defined for skin cancer. Our results show a confidence level of 95.4%.
RETRACTED: <i>Cdx2</i> Gene Expression and Trophectoderm Lineage Specification in Mouse Embryos (2006)

Controversy exists as to whether individual blastomeres from two-cell-stage mouse embryos have identical developmental properties and fate. We show that the transcription factor Cdx2 is expressed in the nuclei of cells derived from the late-dividing but not the first-dividing blastomere of two-cell embryos and, by lineage tracing and RNA interference knock-down experiments, that this lagging cell is the precursor of trophectoderm. Cdx2 mRNA is localized toward the vegetal pole of oocytes, reorients after fertilization, and becomes concentrated in the late-dividing, two-cell-stage blastomere. The asymmetrical distribution of Cdx2 gene products in the oocyte and embryo defines the lineage to trophectoderm.
Detection of Radioactivity in Transit Stations (2006)

The purpose of this Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis (IDEA) project was to develop a prototype system to detect dangerous levels of radioactivity in rail transit stations. Transit stations could be potential targets for terrorist attacks because they carry large numbers of people daily. To protect against that threat, pervasive radiation detection is important. The fully developed product will be a software/hardware product that will allow dirty bombs to be detected using modern digital security cameras as the radiation detector. This product will augment other radiation sensors and enable high-level coordination by transit and law-enforcement authorities. Network-enabled software, using common communication interfaces, will facilitate the dissemination of alerts to key stakeholders in transit and government activities. The prototype implements a proprietary method of analysis to use digital imagery data to search for the telltale artifacts caused by radioactivity that hits and interacts with the Charge Coupled Device (CCD) detector within the digital camera. Most transit security cameras are connected to a Network Operations Center (NOC). The system makes use of existing detectors, data acquisition systems, communication networks, and centralized security staffing. The RedStar algorithms run on standard PC’s, which minimizes the cost of “buy-in.” A U.S. Patent application has been filed for this method and process.
Educating Our Children for the Next Century. (1989)

A possible pathogenetic role of selenium deficiency in alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver has previously been discussed. In the present study serum selenium was analyzed in 5 groups of liver diseases. The method used for selenium determination was electrothermal atomic absorption, after thermal stabilization of selenium compounds by addition of nickel nitrate. The selenium level of a reference group of healthy Norwegian adults (n = 40) was 1.53 +/- 0.25 mumol/l. The serum concentrations of selenium in patients suffering from alcoholic cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis and chronic persistent hepatitis were lowered to 40-80 per cent of those of the reference group. In alcoholic cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis the decreased serum selenium concentrations were significantly correlated to decreased levels of albumin and prealbumin.
Fenamate NSAIDs inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome and protect against Alzheimer’s disease in rodent models (2016)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 enzymes. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein complex responsible for the processing of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β and is implicated in many inflammatory diseases. Here we show that several clinically approved and widely used NSAIDs of the fenamate class are effective and selective inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome via inhibition of the volume-regulated anion channel in macrophages, independently of COX enzymes. Flufenamic acid and mefenamic acid are efficacious in NLRP3-dependent rodent models of inflammation in air pouch and peritoneum. We also show therapeutic effects of fenamates using a model of amyloid beta induced memory loss and a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. These data suggest that fenamate NSAIDs could be repurposed as NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors and Alzheimer's disease therapeutics.
An Online Ride-Sharing Path-Planning Strategy for Public Vehicle Systems (2018)

As efficient traffic-management platforms, public vehicle (PV) systems are envisioned to be a promising approach to solving traffic congestion and pollution for future smart cities. PV systems provide online/dynamic peer-to-peer ride-sharing services with the goal of serving a sufficient number of customers with a minimum number of vehicles and the lowest possible cost. A key component of the PV system is the online ride-sharing scheduling strategy. In this paper, an efficient path-planning strategy based on a greedy algorithm is proposed, which focuses on a limited potential search area for each vehicle by filtering out the requests that violate the passenger service quality level, so that the global search is reduced to a local search. Moreover, the proposed heuristic can be easily used in the future globally optimal algorithm (if it will exist) to speed the computation time. The performance of the proposed solution, such as reduction ratio of computational complexity, is analyzed. Simulations based on the Manhattan taxi data set show that the computing time is reduced by 22% compared with the exhaustive search method under the same service quality performance.
<title>Maximum a posteriori decoding algorithms for turbo codes</title> (2000)

The symbol-by-symbol maximum a posteriori (MAP) known also as BCJR algorithm is described. The logarithmic versions of the MAP algorithm, namely, Log-MAP and Max-Log-MAP decoding algorithms along with a new Simplified-Log-MAP algorithm, are presented here. Their bit error rate performance and computational complexity of these algorithms are compared. A new hardware architecture for implementing the MAP-based decoding algorithms suitable for chip design is also presented here.
Effects of Crown Diameter and Nitrogen Topdressing on Growth and Yield of Angelica gigas NAKAI (1993)

Relationships between crown diameter divided into the small, the medium and the large seedling by the size of crown diameter of Angelica gigas and topdressed nitrogen level of 0, 50, 70 and 100% were conducted to study on growth and yield of two year-planted A. gigas in Suwon. The larger of the crown diameter, the better of the dry weight of leaf and root of A. gigas. Growth of the plane was rapidly increased on June and August, but slowly increased on July and that of root was increased until October while decreasing the aerial stem growth from September. Lower top dressed nitrogen level in the larger seeding was greatly increased the bolting rate compared to the medium or small seedlings. Yields of dried root weight per 10a were 441kg for the large, 373kg for the medium, and 378kg for the small seedling, and weight of the higher nitrogen per 10a were more increased than that of the lower dressed nitrogen treatment.
Ozone Decomposition on α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>Catalyst (1992)

Abstract The catalytic decomposition of ozone on an α-Fe2O3 catalyst has been investigated within the temperature range 23-65°C. A high initial decomposition degree followed by a decrease is observed. It is found that the water vapor in the air-ozone mixture exercises almost no effect on the process. IR-spectroscopy has shown that the nitrogen oxides formed in the ozone generator are the main reason for the deactivation of the catalyst. A scheme of the deactivation process is proposed. Key Words: OzoneOzone DecompositionPurification of GasesOxide Catalyst for OzoneDecompositionDeactivation of Catalyst, α-Fe2O3
The Cotton Rat as an Experimental Model of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Disease (1981)

Intranasal or aerosol inoculation of cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) with human parainfluenza virus type 3 (P3) produces pulmonary changes which closely resemble human disease due to this agent. Active viral replication resulted in peak titers by day 2 of infection. Viral antigen was localized by immunofluorescence in bronchial epithelial cells alone (aerosol inoculation) or epithelial and alveolar cells (intranasal instillation). Cytopathic effects in epithelial cells was noted as early as day 2, and marked cellular proliferation occurred by day 7. Intranasal instillation of virus resulted in development of patchy interstitial pneumonitis. Mononuclear cell infiltration in the peribronchial and perivascular areas peaked on days 6 and 7. A brisk systemic antibody response was measured both by complement fixation and virus neutralization techniques. These data establish the value of the cotton rat as an experimental model for the study of bronchiolitis and pneumonia due to P3. Since previous work has demonstrated that respiratory syncytial virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae also will replicate and cause pulmonary disease in cotton rats, comparative studies in a single animal species are facilitated.
Does lens intrinsic membrane protein MP19 contain a membrane-targeting signal? (2003)

It appears that the first 25 amino acids of the MP19 molecule are sufficient to target the protein to the cell membrane, and apparently integrate into the membrane. With the addition of more amino acids, the polypeptide distributes in the membrane similarly to that of the intact MP19 molecule. It appears that the first 25 amino acids of the MP19 molecule is, indeed, a membrane signal and integration sequence. Also, at least part of these 25 amino acids must integrate into the cell membrane, but not extend through the cell membrane.
Analyzing and determining optimum on-board power architectures for 48 V-input systems (2004)

The use of an intermediate bus (12 V or other) followed by nonisolated converters, has recently become a popular topic with architects of board-mount power, particularly in communications applications. This paper explores various onboard power architectures, their trade-offs in size, efficiency and cost, and provides a method that enables determining the optimum architecture to use in a particular application.
Coplanar waveguides and microwave inductors on silicon substrates (1995)

Silicon has many advantages as a microwave substrate material including low cost and a mature technology. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the potential of using high-resistivity silicon as a low-cost low-loss microwave substrate through an experimental comparative study. Coplanar waveguides fabricated on Si, GaAs, and quartz substrates are tested and their characteristics are compared. Microwave spiral inductors and meander lines are also fabricated on various substrates, and their performance is also analyzed. The results demonstrate that the losses of a coplanar transmission line (CPW) realized on high-resistivity (3 k to 7 k /spl Omega/-cm) silicon substrates are comparable to the losses of a CPW realized on a GaAs substrate covered with insulators. Furthermore, measured unloaded Q's of microwave inductive structures on high-resistivity silicon substrates are comparable to the measured unloaded Q's of the same structures on GaAs and on quartz. This paper demonstrates that high-resistivity Si can be used as a microwave substrate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dry Comminution of Silicon Carbide Particles in a Fluidized Bed Opposed Jet Mill: Kinetics of Batch Grinding (2010)

This study investigated the batch grinding kinetics of silicon carbide (SiC) particles in a fluidized bed opposed jet mill by population balance modeling. The selection and breakage functions were obtained by the first Kapur function method. The breakage behaviors for various SiC particles obtained under different experimental conditions (such as inlet air pressure, feed load, and distance between nozzle outlet and jet meeting point) in the jet mill were discussed. In addition, a polynomial model was proposed to predict the relation between the Kapur function and the particle size in the jet mill. The product size distributions obtained under various operating conditions from the jet mill could be simulated by modeling.
Assessing the Determinants of Evolutionary Rates in the Presence of Noise (2007)

Although protein sequences are known to evolve at vastly different rates, little is known about what determines their rate of evolution. However, a recent study using principal component regression (PCR) has concluded that evolutionary rates in yeast are primarily governed by a single determinant related to translation frequency. Here, we demonstrate that noise in biological data can confound PCRs, leading to spurious conclusions. When equalizing noise levels across 7 predictor variables used in previous studies, we find no evidence that protein evolution is dominated by a single determinant. Our results indicate that a variety of factors--including expression level, gene dispensability, and protein-protein interactions--may independently affect evolutionary rates in yeast. More accurate measurements or more sophisticated statistical techniques will be required to determine which one, if any, of these factors dominates protein evolution.
Rapid thermal annealing of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite thin films by intense pulsed light with aid of diiodomethane additive (2018)

Perovskite thin films are thermally annealed using a rapid intense pulsed light technique enabled by an alkyl halide that collectively improves device performance when processed in ambient conditions.
Application of MALDI‐TOF MS to lysine‐producing <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> (2001)

In the present work, a novel comprehensive approach of (13)C-tracer studies with labeling measurements by MALDI-TOF MS, and metabolite balancing was developed to elucidate key fluxes in the central metabolism of lysine producing Corynebacterium glutamicum during batch culture. MALDI-TOF MS methods established allow the direct quantification of labeling patterns of low molecular mass Corynebacterium products from 1 microL of diluted culture supernatant. A mathematical model of the central Corynebacterium metabolism was developed, that describes the carbon transfer through the network via matrix calculations in a generally applicable way and calculates steady state mass isotopomer distributions of the involved metabolites. The model was applied for both experimental planning of tracer experiments and parameter estimation. Metabolic fluxes were calculated from stoichiometric data and from selected mass intensity ratios of lysine, alanine, and trehalose measured by MALDI-TOF MS in tracer experiments either with 1-(13)C glucose or with mixtures of (13)C6/(12)C6 glucose. During the phase of maximum lysine production C. glutamicum ATCC 21253 exhibited high relative fluxes into the pentose phosphate pathway of 71%, a highly reversible glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, significant backfluxes from the tricarboxylic acid cycle to the pyruvate node consuming the lysine precursor oxaloacetate, 36% net flux of anaplerotic carboxylation and 63% contribution of the dehydrogenase branch in the lysine biosynthetic pathway. Due to the straightforward and simple measurements of selected labeling patterns by MALDI-TOF MS sensitively reflecting the flux parameters of interest, the presented approach has an excellent potential to extend metabolic flux analysis from single experiments with enormous experimental effort to a broadly applied technique.
Management of painful bone metastases (2007)

According to new preclinical data, treatment of bone cancer pain requires multidisciplinary therapies such as radiotherapy applied to the painful area along with systemic treatment (hormone therapy or chemotherapy) and supportive care (analgesic therapy and bisphosphonates). In some selected cases use of radioisotopes and other noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques may be useful in the management of metastatic bone pain. The treatment should be individualized according to the patient's clinical condition, life expectancy, and quality of life.
A 4.5 mW/Gb/s 6.4 Gb/s 22+1-Lane Source Synchronous Receiver Core With Optional Cleanup PLL in 65 nm CMOS (2010)

This paper describes the design of a product-level low-power source-synchronous link receiver macro for data rates of 3.2-6.4 Gb/s. The receiver macro consists of 22 data channels plus one forwarded-clock channel, and supports both differential and ground termination. A pulsed CDR with programmable bandwidth is implemented to save power in the CDR. Time dithering is applied to the CDR to avoid notches in the jitter tolerance curve. The receiver clock path incorporates both a clean-up PLL and a polyphase filter for RX clock generation, from which one can be chosen to generate the receive clock. It is shown how jitter in a source-synchronous link is related to skew between clock and data, as well as cross-talk from the data to the clock wires. The jitter performance of the RX using either the polyphase filter or the PLL for clock generation is compared for different loop bandwidths. The RX core was implemented in a 65 nm Bulk CMOS technology. Total power consumption for the 22+1 lane RX PHY core running at 6.4 Gbps with the polyphase filter and in pulsed CDR mode is 635 mW or 4.5 mW/Gbps.
How product characteristics determine end-of-life strategies (2002)

This paper surveys end-of-life strategies currently used in the electronics and appliances industries and identifies product characteristics that determine feasible strategies. The survey includes consumer products with different end-of-life strategies: an inkjet printer, digital copier, washing machine, vacuum cleaner, television set and single use cameras. Products have distinct end-of-life strategies, composed of end-of-life paths determined by product characteristics. These characteristics not only include product related factors such as product life and functional complexity, but also "inverse supply chain" factors such as available recycling technologies and demand for recycled materials and parts. This study categorizes product characteristics under following factors: external, material, disassembly, and "inverse supply chain". Ongoing work links the identified product characteristics with information available to design engineers during the early stages of product development. Our plan for a web-based design tool will provide a methodology for determining appropriate end-of-life strategies for a broad range of products based on key product characteristics. The survey contributes to the development of recycling technologies such as novel separation, recovery and disassembly techniques.
Mutually Content: 20 Years in a Ceramics Community (2006)

Doug Casebeer gets fulfilment from his passion - pottery, by making it, teaching it, promoting it, and dedicating it to its community as he is a significant figure in American ceramics and a global supporter of traditional ceramics practices. On his 20th year at his home base of Anderson Ranch Arts Centre in Snowmass Village, Colorado, an analysis of his source and outlook is presented.
Oxidative state and IL-6 production in intestinal myofibroblasts of Crohnʼs disease patients (2010)

This study shows for the first time in ISEMFs of CD patients an increased production of IL-6 synthesis related to the decrease in the GSH/GSSH ratio, suggesting redox regulation with the involvement of specific kinase activation. The present data shed light on the pathogenesis of inflammatory chronic processes and relapses that occur in this pathology.
Tardive dyskinesia in patients treated with atypical antipsychotics: case series and brief review of etiologic and treatment considerations (2014)

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a disfiguring side-effect of antipsychotic medications that is potentially irreversible in affected patients. Newer atypical antipsychotics are felt by many to have a lower risk of TD. As a result, many clinicians may have developed a false sense of security when prescribing these medications. We report five cases of patients taking atypical antipsychotics who developed TD, review the risk of TD, its potential etiologic mechanisms, and treatment options available. The goal of this paper is to alert the reader to continue to be diligent in obtaining informed consent and monitoring for the onset of TD in patients taking atypical antipsychotics.
Characterisation of caufiflower mosaic virus DNA forms isolated from infected turnip leaves (1983)

Several different forms of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) DNA were detected in nucleic acid preparations from CaMV-infected turnip leaves. As well as supercoiled and open-circular molecules, various linear DNA structures were identified. The relative amounts of these DNA forms varied in plants infected with different CaMV isolates. Restriction enzyme mapping and one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of linear molecules apparently formed by breaks in the second strand at each of the three discontinuities. Two major linear DNA forms are double-stranded over part of their length and appear to have single-stranded extensions of the -strand of variable length. Since these DNA forms are not produced during extraction and probably exist as unencapsidated or partially encapsidated molecules, they may represent intermediates either in DNA replication or in virion assembly.
Time since Onset of Disease and Individual Clinical Markers Associate with Transcriptional Changes in Uncomplicated Dengue (2015)

Time since onset of disease associates with the shift in transcriptome signatures from immunity and inflammation to cell cycle and repair mechanisms in patients with non-severe dengue. The strong association of time with blood transcriptome changes hampers both the discovery as well as the potential application of biomarkers in dengue. However, we identified gene expression modules that associate with key clinical parameters of dengue that reflect the systemic activity of disease during the course of infection. The expression level of these gene modules may support earlier detection of disease progression as well as clinical management of dengue.
Evaluation of a data acquisition system for SPECT (PET) (2000)

A fully digital data acquisition (DAQ) system for a cylindrical (NaI(Tl)) SPECT camera has been developed and tested. This system digitizes pulses of the scintillation events from the closest (7 or 5) PMTs to the interaction point. The digitized pulse waveforms are processed to obtain estimates of amplitude and time of arrival. The authors describe various processing methods based on both simulated and real data. The results obtained from a set of three neighboring PMTs using /sup 99m/Tc was 5.2 as std. dev. in timing resolution, 12.6% energy resolution and about 7 /spl mu/s computing time per pulse.