gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beta-very low density lipoprotein uptake in cultured fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells from Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. (1989)

Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits are an important animal model used to study the effects of defective low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on lipoprotein metabolism. In the present study, the receptor-mediated catabolism of apolipoprotein (apo) E-containing lipoproteins was investigated in fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells cultured from WHHL rabbits. Fibroblasts from WHHL rabbits bound little, if any, human LDL, an apo B-containing lipoprotein, in 4 degrees C equilibrium binding experiments. In contrast, canine beta-very low density lipoproteins (beta-VLDL), which contain apo E, bound to these cells with an affinity similar to that for fibroblasts of normal New Zealand White rabbits (Kd approximately 0.6 micrograms/ml), although the maximal binding was only approximately 9% of that of New Zealand White cells. At 37 degrees C, beta-VLDL were degraded efficiently by WHHL fibroblasts, that is, at rates approximately half of that for New Zealand White fibroblasts. The degradation of beta-VLDL by WHHL fibroblasts was blocked by reductive methylation of the lipoproteins and was inhibited by the anti-apo E monoclonal antibody, 1D7. Unlike human LDL, canine beta-VLDL induced 14C-oleate incorporation into cholesteryl esters in WHHL fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. The uptake of beta-VLDL by WHHL cells was mediated by the LDL receptor, since preincubation of the fibroblasts with cholesterol plus 25-hydroxycholesterol inhibited beta-VLDL degradation, and specific antibodies to rabbit LDL receptors abolished the degradation of beta-VLDL in WHHL fibroblasts. These results indicate that the altered LDL receptors expressed on cultured WHHL rabbit cells are sufficient for apo E-dependent, receptor-mediated uptake of lipoproteins. Thus, the altered LDL receptors could contribute to in vivo metabolism of apo E-containing lipoproteins despite their lack of LDL binding activity.
Erratum: “Design and performance of a versatile curved-crystal spectrometer for high-resolution spectroscopy in the tender x-ray range” [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 033113 (2012)] (2012)

First Page
Development of RAPD-based SCAR Marker for Rapid Identification of Trichoderrna harzianurn (2015)

Based on previous morphological classification and RAPD analysis,we recovered and sequenced genomic DNA of a specific fragment obtained from No.45 Trichoderma harzianumstrain in RAPD amplification.A pair of specific primers was synthesized and the RAPD markers were successfully converted into SCAR markers.The SCAR molecular marker exhibited the specificity that could differ T.harzianumfrom other Trichoderma strains.This pair of molecular primers was used for specific PCR amplification of 45 Trichoderma strains,and T.harzianumstrains could amplify a 779 bp DNA band while other strains had no amplification products.
Analysis of three‐dimensional SIMS images using image cross‐correlation spectroscopy (1998)

Three-dimensional (3D) SIMS images of secondary ion distributions in a solid volume can be produced from a stack of individual images acquired sequentially at different depths during depth profiling of the solid. While it is often possible to obtain visual correlations of large-scale features that occur in several images in the stack, the correlation of less-obvious features requires a more mathematical approach. We present here two cases where image cross-correlation spectroscopy (ICCS) can be used to clarify the presence or absence of organized structure in a 3D depth profile. In one example, the images of deuterium distribution in a zirconium oxide thin film were confirmed to exhibit order over a series of images, thereby suggesting the existence of continuous pores in the material. In a second example, the apparent clustering of gold distributions in a 3D profile of an arsenopyrite mineral was shown to be uncorrelated and likely an artefact of data collection. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of Phosphatase Isoenzymes PAP and PSA with Bone Scan in Patients with Prostate Carcinoma (1991)

The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of five biological markers--prostate acid phosphatase (PAP), prostate specific antigen (PSA), tartrate resistant (Tr-ACP), and tartrate labile (TI-ACP) acid phosphatases, and alkaline phosphatase bone isoenzyme (B-ALP)--for the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate carcinoma. Using the Tc-99m HMDP bone scans of 80 patients scored from 0 (normal) to 2 (diffuse bone involvement) as the "gold standard," a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. This method allows the determination of different threshold values (corresponding to different couples of sensitivity and specificity) for the assays. An ROC curve comparison was also performed. Results show that B-ALP is the best test for such detection (area under the ROC curve = 0.93; Spearman Rank correlation with bone scan r' = 0.81). Among the other markers, PSA was found to be the best (area under the ROC curve = 0.81; Spearman Rank correlation with bone scan r' = 0.58). In addition to the prostatic tumor markers (PSA and PAP), we suggest the use of the low-cost B-ALP assay in the follow-up of prostate carcinoma patients to determine the optimum moment to perform a bone scan. A normal result of this assay indicates a very low probability of bone metastasis; conversely, raising of B-ALP concentration must lead to a bone scan.
Efficient process-hotspot detection using range pattern matching (2006)

In current manufacturing processes, certain layout configurations are likely to have reduced yield and/or reliability due to increased susceptibility to stress effects or poor tolerance to certain processes like lithography. These problematic layout configurations need to be efficiently detected and eliminated from a design layout to enable better yield. In this paper, such layout configurations are called processhotspots and an efficient and scalable algorithm is proposed to detect such process-hotspots in a given layout.
Probing Aerogels by Multiple Quantum Filtered <sup>131</sup>Xe NMR Spectroscopy (2001)

At the interface between solid surfaces and cavities filled with gaseous or liquid xenon, the nuclear magnetization of (131)Xe (S = (3)/(2)) is subject to quadrupolar interactions which may lead to higher rank single-quantum coherences that can be described by tensor elements T(2,)(+/-)(1) and T(3,)(+/-)(1). This can be demonstrated by multiple-quantum filtered (MQF) NMR experiments. In gaseous xenon on Pyrex surfaces, the primary source of such coherences was shown to be coherent evolution induced by a nonvanishing average quadrupolar coupling. In this contribution, MQF NMR is applied to aerogels filled with liquid xenon to demonstrate the potential of this technique for material sciences. Xenon in the liquid phase provides a sufficient spin density to obtain reasonable signal-to-noise ratios. Coherent evolution and relaxation both contribute to the creation of higher rank coherences depending on the presence or absence of water molecules on the surface. These two processes can be distinguished experimentally and provide complementary information about the surface of the host material.
Interleukin 1 stimulation of collagenase production by cultured fibroblasts. (1983)

Interleukin 1 is a monokine that exerts biological effects on a variety of target cells in vitro. In this report, interleukin 1 has been found to be capable of stimulating collagenase production by cultured dermal fibroblasts. The concentrations of interleukin 1 that stimulate fibroblast collagenase production are similar to those that stimulate mouse thymocyte proliferation. Analyses by high performance liquid chromatography indicate that interleukin 1, rather than a contaminating monokine, is responsible for this effect on fibroblasts. Interleukin 1, released in vivo by macrophages infiltrating sites of tissue damage or inflammation, may function to stimulate the release of collagenase by connective tissue fibroblasts.
Eyes Under The Sea (1988)

The United States Navy is interested in underwater imaging for obvious reasons, National defense, reconnaissance/surveillance, research and development. Since the early 1950's, Navy studies in underwater imaging have led to improvements in optic technologies and camera systems providing valuable documentation tools for the Fleet. Today, a specialized team of qualified underwater photographers continue to place itself in position to see things engineers, designers, and fleet commanders are not able to see, providing an often unique view of our underwater environment.
The high-voltage characteristics of earth resistances (1948)

This paper concerns the behaviour of earth resistances under h.v. currents. The author has tried to contribute to the explanation of the phenomena causing the decrease of the earth resistance and to check the effectiveness of giving to the earth electrodes the properties of edges or points. An explanation is given for the “breakdown” of the soil, based on the results obtained from the theoretical treatment of model earths. The analysis of the experimental results obtained on model earths leads to favourable conclusions as regards the use in practice of electrodes having the properties stated above. The direct discharges on the ground surface during lightning strokes and falls of overhead h.v. line conductors are considered and the corresponding resistances and currents are estimated. The results obtained lead to the suggestion that in some cases the special earthing of h.v. line poles is not necessary, either for the protection of these lines against lightning strokes or for the operation of the line-disconnecting devices during short-circuits to earth.
Genes involved in meso-diaminopimelate synthesis in Bacillus subtilis: identification of the gene encoding aspartokinase I (1991)

Thermosensitive mutants of Bacillus subtilis deficient in peptidoglycan synthesis were screened for mutations in the meso-diaminopimelate (LD-A2pm) metabolic pathway. Mutations in two out of five relevant linkage groups, lssB and lssD, were shown to induce, at the restrictive temperature, a deficiency in LD-A2pm synthesis and accumulation of UDP-MurNAc-dipeptide. Group lssB is heterogeneous; it encompasses mutations that confer deficiency in the deacylation of N-acetyl-LL-A2pm and accumulation of this precursor. Accordingly, these mutations are assigned to the previously identified locus dapE. Mutations in linkage group lssD entail a thermosensitive aspartokinase 1. Therefore, they are most likely to affect the structural gene of this enzyme, which we propose to designate dapG. Mutation pyc-1476, previously reported to affect the pyruvate carboxylase, was shown to confer a deficiency in aspartokinase 1, not in the carboxylase, and to belong to the dapG locus, dapG is closely linked to spoVF, the putative gene of dipicolinate synthase. In conclusion, mutations affecting only two out of eight steps known to be involved in LD-A2pm synthesis were uncovered in a large collection of thermosensitive mutants obtained by indirect selection. We propose that this surprisingly restricted distribution of the thermosensitive dap mutations isolated so far is due to the existence, in each step of the pathway, of isoenzymes encoded by separate genes. The biological role of different aspartokinases was investigated with mutants deficient in dapE and dapG genes. Growth characteristics of these mutants in the presence of various combinations of aspartate family amino acids allow a reassessment of a metabolic channel hypothesis, i.e. the proposed existence of multienzyme complexes, each specific for a given end product.
Dehydration, hyperthermia, and athletes: science and practice. (1996)

Even low levels of dehydration (eg, less than a 2% loss of body weight) impair cardiovascular and thermoregulatory response and reduce the capacity for exercise. Heat exposure also reduces the athlete's ability to train and compete, an effect that can be independent of hydration status. Even if athletes are well hydrated, hot weather alone will reduce their capacity to exercise. Optimal performance is possible only when dehydration and hyperthermia are minimized by ingesting ample volumes of fluid during exercise and by taking common-sense precautions in keeping cool. Recent research has demonstrated that consuming fluid in volumes approximating sweat loss maintains important physiological functions and significantly improves exercise performance, even during exercise lasting only 1 hour. Carbohydrate ingestion also improves exercise performance, an effect that is independent of, and additive to, preventing dehydration. CONCLUSION/APPLICATION: Athletes should follow an aggressive fluid replacement and temperature regulation regimen. Successful implementation of this regimen requires that athletic trainers, coaches, athletes, and support personnel are made aware of the benefits of adequate fluid replacement, that appropriate fluid replacement strategies are developed and implemented, that athletes have the opportunity to train themselves to ingest larger volumes of fluid more frequently, and that other practical steps are taken to keep athletes cool during both training and competition.
Structural characterisations of the NaxSi136 and Na8Si46 silicon clathrates using the Rietveld method (1998)

The crystal structure of the non-stoichiometric Na x Si 136 silicon clathrate has been refined using the Rietveld method, in order to determine accurately the distribution of the sodium atoms within the two available sites. In agreement with the previous data, it was found that for x≤8, the alkali atoms occupy exclusively, and not only preferentially the eight larger Si 28 sites. For 8<x<24, the filling of the sixteen smaller Si 20 cages occurs gradually with increasing x, and a slight increase of the unit cell parameter is then observed. The crystal structure of the stoichiometric Na 8 Si 46 clathrate, which is present as impurity in the studied samples, has also been refined.
A Varying Pulse Width Second Order Derivative Gaussian Pulse Generator for UWB Transceivers in CMOS (2007)

A fully integrated, ultra low-power, varying pulse width second-order derivative Gaussian pulse generator designed and fabricated in a commercial 0.18μm CMOS technology is reported for 3-10GHz ultra wideband (UWB) transceivers. The second-order derivative Gaussian pulse generator circuit consists of three cascaded stages for generating square wave, Gaussian impulse, and second-order derivation sequentially. This CMOS second-order derivative Gaussian pulse generator can generate UWB pulses with adjustable pulse width ranging from 220 picoseconds to a few nanoseconds. Measured circuit performance achieves a very short pulse width of <1ns, an amplitude of 70mV and an ultra low power consumption of 2mW at 100MHz pulse repeating frequency. The pulse generator fully complies with FCC power mask.
Identification of a mouse orthologue of the human ras-GAP-SH3-domain binding protein and structural confirmation that these proteins contain an RNA recognition motif. (1998)

Human ras-GTPase-activating protein (GAP120) SH3-domain-binding protein (G3BP) has recently been identified on the basis of its specific binding to the GAP120 SH3 binding domain. Here we report the identification of a mouse G3BP cDNA and the confirmation by three dimensional modelling of an RNA recognition motif (RRM) in the encoded protein. Mouse G3BP also contains an RGG domain, an acid-rich amino acid domain, and several SH3 domain-binding consensus sequences, indicating that mammalian G3BPs represent a new family of signal transduction proteins which connect tyrosine kinase-linked receptors to cellular RNA metabolism.
Development of New Instant Technology of Natural Gas Quality Determination (2013)

World experience shows that important factor in the calculations for natural gas consumption between suppliers and consumers is not only the volume of natural gas, but the quality indicators. With gas market liberalization, gas properties are expected to vary more frequently and strongly (composition, heating value etc.). Quality of natural gas is currently a topical issue, considering the steady increase of gas consumption in the world in recent decades. Existent chromatographs and calorimeters are very accurate in gas quality determination, but general expenditure and maintenance costs are still considerable. Market demands alternative lower cost methods of natural gas quality determination for transparent energy billing and technological process control. Investigation results indicate that heating value (HV) is a nonlinear function of such parameters as sound velocity in gas, N2 and CO2 concentration. Those parameters show strong correlation with natural gas properties of interest (HV, density, Wobbe index), during analysis conducted on natural gas sample database. For solving nonlinear multivariable approximation task of HV determination, artificial neural networks were used. Proposed approach allowed excluding N2 concentration from input parameters with maintenance of sufficient accuracy of HV determination equal to 3.7% (with consideration of N2 concentration – 2.4%) on sample database. For validating of received results corresponding experimental investigation was conducted with reference analysis of physical and chemical parameters of natural gas samples by gas chromatography and followed superior HV calculation according to ISO 6976:1995. Developed experimental setup consist of measuring chamber with ultrasonic transducer, reflector, pressure, temperature and humidity sensors, ultrasonic inspection equipment for sound velocity measurements and CO2 concentration sensor with relevant instrument. The experimental setup allows measurement of sound velocity at 1MHz frequency and CO2 concentration in natural gas sample along with parameters control (temperature, humidity, pressure). The HV calculation algorithm was based on specially designed and trained artificial neural networks. Experimental investigation of proposed approach was conducted on 40 real samples of locally distributed natural gas. Obtained results, in comparison to reference values, showed absolute error in Lower HV (net calorific value) determination equal 166 kJ/m3, while relative error was equal 4.66%. Developed technology allows construction of autonomous instrument for instant natural gas quality determination, which can be combined with volume meters in order to provide transparent energy flow measurement and billing for gas consumers. Additionally it can be used for gas sensitive technological process control.
Use of measured scatter data for the attenuation correction of single photon emission tomography without transmission scanning (2013)

The technique presented shows promise as a method of attenuation correction for SPECT data without the need for a separate transmission scan. Further work is required to further improve the method and to compensate for the assumptions used in the scatter model.
Extended Skyrmion Phase in Epitaxial<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>FeGe</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>111</mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:math>Thin Films (2012)

The Skyrmion state in epitaxial B20 FeGe(111) thin films, determined by the topological Hall effect, is greatly extended in the phase diagram to cover all temperatures up to the Curie temperature T(C)≈271 K and over a wide magnetic field range that includes a zero magnetic field. The properties of the Skyrmion phase can be controlled and manipulated by the film thickness, which has a strong effect on the stabilization of Skyrmions.
Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Pb-free Bi(Na, K)TiO<sub>3</sub>-SrTiO<sub>3</sub>Ceramics with MnO<sub>2</sub>Addition (2004)

In this study, 0.96B <TEX>$i_{0.5}$</TEX>(<TEX>$Na_{0.84}$</TEX> <TEX>$K_{0.16}$</TEX>)<TEX>$_{0.5}$</TEX>Ti <TEX>$O_3$</TEX> + 0.04SrTi <TEX>$O_3$</TEX> + 0.3 wt% N <TEX>$b_2$</TEX> <TEX>$O_{5}$</TEX>+0.2 wt% L <TEX>$a_2$</TEX> <TEX>$O_3$</TEX> + xwt % Mn <TEX>$O_2$</TEX> were investigated as a function of the amount of Mn <TEX>$O_2$</TEX> addition in order to improve dielectric and piezoelectric properties of Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. With increasing the amount of Mn <TEX>$O_2$</TEX> addition, the density, electromechanical coupling factor( <TEX>$k_{p}$</TEX>), piezoelectric constant( <TEX>$d_{33}$</TEX>, <TEX>$g_{33}$</TEX>) and curie temperature (Tc) showed the maximum value of 5.7 g/㎤, 38 %, 219 pC/N, 26 mVㆍm/N and 32<TEX>$0^{\circ}C$</TEX> at 0.1 wt% Mn <TEX>$O_2$</TEX> addition, respectively, and mechanical quality factor( <TEX>$Q_{m}$</TEX> ) showed the maximum value of 158 at 0.3 wt% Mn <TEX>$O_2$</TEX> addition.ddition.ion.n.
Expression of ras oncogenes in cultured human cells alters the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of cytokine genes. (1990)

Autonomous production of cytokines such as the hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), IL-1, or IL-6 has been demonstrated in numerous human and murine neoplasms, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of several paraneoplastic syndromes such as leukocytosis, fever, and hypercalcemia. Because of the high frequency with which mutations in ras protooncogenes have been detected in human tumors, as well as evidence linking ras gene products to activation of certain cellular functions, we investigated whether ras mutations might influence the regulation of cytokine genes. Normal human fibroblasts transfected with a mutant val12 H-ras oncogene expressed increased levels of mRNA transcripts encoding granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF), and IL-1 beta compared with controls. Human mesothelioma cells transfected with a mutant asp12 N-ras oncogene exhibited similar alterations in cytokine gene expression. Estimates of transcriptional activity by nuclear run-on analysis revealed a selective increase in transcription only for the IL-1 gene. Analysis of mRNA half-life demonstrated a marked increase in the stability of numerous cytokine transcripts, including G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-1, and IL-6. The addition of anti-IL-1 neutralizing antibody to cultures of cells expressing ras mutants did not block the expression of any of the cytokines examined, suggesting that the baseline expression of GM-CSF, G-CSF, and IL-6 was not a secondary event due to the increased transcription of IL-1. These results indicate that mutations in ras genes may alter expression of several cytokine genes through both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms.
Potential secondary poisoning risks to non‐targets from a sodium nitrite toxic bait for invasive wild pigs (2017)

Data from this study suggest no risks of secondary poisoning for non-target species (including humans) that consume muscle, liver, or eyes of invasive wild pigs poisoned with a MESN toxic bait. More species-specific testing for scavengers that consume digestive tract tissues and undigested bait is needed to reduce uncertainty about these potential risks. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.