gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of cDNAs Encoding Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins from<i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>by a Signal Sequence Trap Method (2003)

Surface and secreted proteins of schistosomes orchestrate the basic physiologic requirements of a parasitic existence. These proteins are often exposed to host tissues during penetration, migration, feeding, and immune evasion, and they are obvious targets for control strategies. Signal sequence trap (SST) represents a novel approach that selects for cDNAs encoding secreted and surface proteins with N-terminal signal peptides, so we constructed a randomly primed adult Schistosoma mansoni cDNA library fused to a signalless reporter gene encoding placental alkaline phosphatase. The library was used to transfect COS-7 cells, which were then assayed for the presence of reporter at the cell surface. Eighteen S. mansoni cDNA fragments were isolated and sequenced. Expression profiles of the novel clones were determined for different developmental stages; some transcripts were restricted to single-sex adult worms, while others were ubiquitously distributed. Most clones contained signal peptides or signal anchors as determined by the SignalP algorithm. Open reading frames (ORFs) were categorized as follows: (i) previously identified S. mansoni cDNAs encoding proteins of known function; (ii) cDNAs encoding proteins of known function in other organisms but novel for Schistosoma; (iii) S. mansoni expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of unknown function; and (iv) completely novel ORFs without homologues (including ESTs) from any phylum. Clones of particular interest included tetraspanins similar to human cell surface antigens, a protein kinase, and ORFs transcribed in the antisense orientation to previously characterized S. mansoni cDNAs. This is the first report describing the use of SST as a tool for identifying secreted proteins from any pathogenic organism.
Thiadiazoloquinoxaline-Based Narrow Energy Gap Molecules for Small Molecule Solar Cell Applications (2013)

Polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells consisting of the photoactive layer containing the interpenetrating network of electron donating polymer and electron accepting PC71BM has been proved to be quite effective in converting the solar energy into electrical energy. After many efforts, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the polymer solar cells (PSCs) was improved up to 9.2%. Unfortunately, the PCEs of the PSCs were found to be highly affected by the synthetic characteristics of the donor polymers. At present, the poor reproducibility of the synthetic polymer characteristics such as purity, molecular weight, regioregularity and polydispersity of each batch of the polymerization limits the commercial application of PSCs. On the other hand, small molecule organic solar cells (SMOSCs) fabricated from the photoactive layer containing organic small molecule as an electron donor and PC71BM as an electron acceptor also showed promising performances in terms of PCE. The PCE of the solution-processed SMOSCs was reached up to 7%. and that for the vacuum-processed tandem SMOSCs was improved up to 10.7%. The overall PCE of SMOSCs is quite close to the maximum PCE obtained from the PSCs. This inspires us to develop new low band gap small molecules for SMOSCs application. It is well known that the PCE of solar cell devices is strongly dependent on the light harvesting ability of the photoactive layer. To improve the light harvesting ability of the active layer, it is essential to utilize the donor molecules which can absorb the sun light from 300 nm to 1000 nm, along with that the absorption band of donor molecules should be located at the maximum solar flux region (500 nm to 800 nm) of the solar spectra. In our attempt to prepare narrow energy gap small molecules, we were interested in utilizing thiadiazoloquinoxaline units, because certain polymers containing thiadiazoloquinoxaline units have been known to show their absorption band from 300 nm to 1200 nm. In this study, we prepared two new thiadiazoloquinoxaline-based low band gap small molecules, TDQ-SM1 and TDQ-SM2, shown in Scheme 1 and studied their optical, electrical and photovoltaic properties. In this study, to recognize the influence of the substituent bonded to the quinoxaline ring of the thiadiazoloquinoxaline unit, isobutyl and thiophene substituted thiadiazoloquinoxaline compounds 1 and 2 were coupled with commercially available trans-2-(4-pentylphenyl)vinylboronic acid pinacol
InterCloud: A Data Movement Policy DApp for Managing Trust in the Cloud (2018)

We present a smart contract based policy distributed application (DApp) that provides high integrity decentralized cloud policies. Our model allows the cloud to query the policy and get an authorization to proceed; this is an oracle-like system that can be queried by the cloud to obtain customer policy adjudication. InterCloud: 1) removes the conflict of interest created by storing policies and attestations in the cloud and moves them instead into a decentralized blockchain, 2) reduces the dependence on a trusted third parties for attestations, and 3) uses smart contracts to functionally evaluate those policies. We implemented a prototype system and show that real world costs are under a dollar per customer to have a cloud 'whitelist' containing several clouds.
Copper-Catalyzed Alkene Aziridination with <i>N</i>-Tosyloxycarbamates (2007)

Pyridine copper complexes were found as active catalysts for the intramolecular aziridination of allylic N-tosyloxycarbamates and the intermolecular aziridination of styrenes with trichloroethyl N-tosyloxycarbamates. Free aziridines were easily obtained by basic deprotection of the trichloroethyl group.
HUMAN BREAST-CARCINOMA CELLS SHOW CORRELATION IN EXPRESSION OF C-MYC ONCOGENE AND THE C-MYC BINDING-PROTEIN (MBP-1) (1994)

The c-myc proto-oncogene is an early response gene which plays an important role in regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and cell cycle control. Amplification and/or overexpression of this gene occurs in human breast carcinoma eels. The human c-myc promoter binding protein (MBP-1) is a negative regulatory factor for c-myc transcription, which binds to the upstream region of the c-myc P2 promoter. It was cloned and characterized from human cervical carcinoma cells. Normal human tissues and human breast carcinoma cells showed an elevated level of both MBP-1 and c-myc gene expression. In estrogen receptor (ER)-negative cells, the level of MBP-1 expression was higher than that of ER-positive cells. These results suggested a correlation between estrogen receptor status and the MBP-1 mRNA level.
U.S. Air Force Laser Illuminators (1998)

Abstract : The U.S. Air Force is pursuing the development of tactical laser illuminators to be employed by USAF Security Forces in the protection of high-valued assets. Through the effects of illumination, glare, and psychological impact, lasers can provide unequivocal warning, threat assessment based on reaction to the warning, hesitation, distraction, and reductions in combat and functional effectiveness. Two developmental programs are described, including hardware descriptions and Air Force plans for future activities.
DNA Molecular Beacon-Based Plastic Biochip: A Versatile and Sensitive Scanometric Detection Platform (2014)

In this paper, we report a novel DNA molecular beacon (MB)-based plastic biochip platform for scanometric detection of a range of analytical targets. Hairpin DNA strands, which are dually modified with amino and biotin groups at their two ends are immobilized on a disposable plastic (polycarbonate) substrate as recognition element and gold nanoparticle-assisted silver-staining as signal reading protocol. Initially, the immobilized DNA probes are in their folded forms; upon target binding the hairpin secondary structure of the probe strand is "forced" open (i.e., converted to the unfolded state). Nanogold-streptavidin conjugates can then bind the terminal biotin groups and promote the deposition of rather large silver particles which can be either directly visualized or quantified with a standard flatbed scanner. We demonstrate that with properly designed probe sequences and optimized preparation conditions, a range of molecular targets, such as DNA strands, proteins (thrombin) and heavy metal ions (Hg(2+)), can be detected with high sensitivity and excellent selectivity. The detection can be done in both standard physiological buffers and real world samples. This constitutes a platform technology for performing rapid, sensitive, cost-effective, and point-of-care (POC) chemical analysis and medical diagnosis.
Erythropoietin Regulates the<i>In Vitro</i>and<i>In Vivo</i>Production of Neuronal Progenitors by Mammalian Forebrain Neural Stem Cells (2001)

Recent studies have shown that neurogenesis is enhanced after hypoxia and that erythropoietin (EPO), an inducible cytokine, is produced in the brain as part of the intrinsic hypoxia response. Thus, we asked whether EPO might regulate neurogenesis by forebrain neural stem cells (NSCs). We found that EPO receptors are expressed in the embryonic germinal zone during neurogenesis as well as in the adult subventricular zone, which continues to generate neurons throughout adulthood. Cultured NSCs exposed to a modest hypoxia produced two- to threefold more neurons, which was associated with an elevation in EPO gene expression. The enhanced neuron production attributable to hypoxia was mimicked by EPO and blocked by coadministration of an EPO neutralizing antibody. EPO appears to act directly on NSCs, promoting the production of neuronal progenitors at the expense of multipotent progenitors. EPO infusion into the adult lateral ventricles resulted in a decrease in the numbers of NSCs in the subventricular zone, an increase in newly generated cells migrating to the olfactory bulb, and an increase in new olfactory bulb interneurons. Infusion of anti-EPO antibodies had the opposite effect: an increase in the number of NSCs in the subventricular zone and a decrease in the number of newly generated cells migrating to the bulb. These findings suggest that EPO is an autocrine-paracrine factor, capable of regulating the production of neuronal progenitor cells by forebrain NSCs.
Planungsrecht und Recht der volkseigenen Betriebe in der sowietischen Besatzungszone. By Dr.Benvenuto Samson. Kleine Fachbibliothek für Verwaltung und Recht. Vol. 5. [Alfred Metzner Verlag, Frankfurt am Main and Berlin. 1953. 121 pp.] (1953)

Planungsrecht und Recht der volkseigenen Betriebe in der sowietischen Besatzungszone. By Dr.Benvenuto Samson. Kleine Fachbibliothek für Verwaltung und Recht. Vol. 5. [Alfred Metzner Verlag, Frankfurt am Main and Berlin. 1953. 121 pp.] - Volume 2 Issue 4
The evolution of seismic monitoring systems at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (2014)

In the century since the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) put its first seismographs into operation at the edge of Kīlauea Volcano's summit caldera, seismic monitoring at HVO (now administered by the U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]) has evolved considerably. The HVO seismic network extends across the entire Island of Hawai'i and is complemented by stations installed and operated by monitoring partners in both the USGS and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The seismic data stream that is available to HVO for its monitoring of volcanic and seismic activity in Hawai'i, therefore, is built from hundreds of data channels from a diverse collection of instruments that can accurately record the ground motions of earthquakes ranging in magnitude from <1 to ≥8. In this chapter we describe the growth of HVO's seismic monitoring systems throughout its first hundred years of operation. Although other references provide specific details of the changes in instrumentation and data handling over time, we recount here, in more general terms, the evolution of HVO's seismic network. We focus not only on equipment but also on interpretative products and results that were enabled by the new instrumentation and by improvements in HVO's seismic monitoring, analytical, and interpretative capabilities implemented during the past century. As HVO enters its next hundred years of seismological studies, it is well situated to further improve upon insights into seismic and volcanic processes by using contemporary seismological tools.
Algorithms for Sparse Linear Classifiers in the Massive Data Setting (2008)

Classifiers favoring sparse solutions, such as support vector machines, relevance vector machines, LASSO-regression based classifiers, etc., provide competitive methods for classification problems in high dimensions. However, current algorithms for training sparse classifiers typically scale quite unfavorably with respect to the number of training examples. This paper proposes online and multi-pass algorithms for training sparse linear classifiers for high dimensional data. These algorithms have computational complexity and memory requirements that make learning on massive data sets feasible. The central idea that makes this possible is a straightforward quadratic approximation to the likelihood function.
A Generic Approach for Identification of Event Related Brain Potentials via a Competitive Neural Network Structure (1997)

We present a novel generic approach to the problem of Event Related Potential identification and classification, based on a competitive Neural Net architecture. The network weights converge to the embedded signal patterns, resulting in the formation of a matched filter bank. The network performance is analyzed via a simulation study, exploring identification robustness under low SNR conditions and compared to the expected performance from an information theoretic perspective. The classifier is applied to real event-related potential data recorded during a classic odd-ball type paradigm; for the first time, within-session variable signal patterns are automatically identified, dismissing the strong and limiting requirement of a-priori stimulus-related selective grouping of the recorded data.
Risk for Adjacent Segment and Same Segment Reoperation After Surgery for Lumbar Stenosis (2012)

Lumbar fusion and instrumentation were not associated with increased rate of reoperation at index or adjacent levels compared with nonfusion techniques. The only specific risk factor for reoperation after treatment of spinal stenosis was duration of pretreatment symptoms more than 12 months. The overall incidence of reoperations for spinal stenosis surgery was 13%, and reoperations were equally distributed between index and adjacent lumbar levels. Reoperation may be related to the natural history of spinal degenerative disease.
Chemistry of advanced materials: an overview (1998)

From the Contents: Materials Chemistry: Past, Present and Future/ Molecular Magnetics, Metals and Superconductors/ Advanced Polymeric Materials - High Performance Polymers/CVD /Nanophase Materials / Nanoporous Materials (zeolites, pillared clays etc.)/ Molecular Precursor Routes to Inorganic Solids/ Materials Currently in Biomedical Usage.
Mg2+ Modulates Voltage-Dependent Activation in Ether-à-Go-Go Potassium Channels by Binding between Transmembrane Segments S2 and S3 (2000)

Extracellular Mg(2+) directly modulates voltage-dependent activation in ether-à-go-go (eag) potassium channels, slowing the kinetics of ionic and gating currents (Tang, C.-Y., F. Bezanilla, and D.M. Papazian. 2000. J. Gen. Physiol. 115:319-337). To exert its effect, Mg(2+) presumably binds to a site in or near the eag voltage sensor. We have tested the hypothesis that acidic residues unique to eag family members, located in transmembrane segments S2 and S3, contribute to the Mg(2+)-binding site. Two eag-specific acidic residues and three acidic residues found in the S2 and S3 segments of all voltage-dependent K(+) channels were individually mutated in Drosophila eag, mutant channels were expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and the effect of Mg(2+) on ionic current kinetics was measured using a two electrode voltage clamp. Neutralization of eag-specific residues D278 in S2 and D327 in S3 eliminated Mg(2+)-sensitivity and mimicked the slowing of activation kinetics caused by Mg(2+) binding to the wild-type channel. These results suggest that Mg(2+) modulates activation kinetics in wild-type eag by screening the negatively charged side chains of D278 and D327. Therefore, these residues are likely to coordinate the bound ion. In contrast, neutralization of the widely conserved residues D284 in S2 and D319 in S3 preserved the fast kinetics seen in wild-type eag in the absence of Mg(2+), indicating that D284 and D319 do not mediate the slowing of activation caused by Mg(2+) binding. Mutations at D284 affected the eag gating pathway, shifting the voltage dependence of Mg(2+)-sensitive, rate limiting transitions in the hyperpolarized direction. Another widely conserved residue, D274 in S2, is not required for Mg(2+) sensitivity but is in the vicinity of the binding site. We conclude that Mg(2+) binds in a water-filled pocket between S2 and S3 and thereby modulates voltage-dependent gating. The identification of this site constrains the packing of transmembrane segments in the voltage sensor of K(+) channels, and suggests a molecular mechanism by which extracellular cations modulate eag activation kinetics.
Studies on the Derivatives of Aminoalcohols. III. On the Synthesis and Pharmacology of Cyclic Compounds containing Two Hetero Atoms (1974)

In order to investigate the relation between chemical structure and the pharmacological activities, 67 new compounds belonging to cyclic compounds containing two hetero atoms which were derived from 1-alkylamino-3-dialkylamino-2-propanol were synthesized. These compounds were examined for local anesthetic activity, antispasmodic activity, inhibitory activity on writhing syndrome produced by acetic acid, and analgesic activity on pain produced by hot plate. Several of them showed three or four times longer duration of infiltration anesthesia than lidocaine. 5-Dipropylaminomethyl-3-methyl-2-oxazolidone hydrobromide (C3), 5-piperidinomethyl-3-propyl-2-oxazolidone hydrobromide (C24), 6-piperidinomethyl-4-phenyl-2, 3-morpholinedione hydrobromide (D20), 2-dibutylaminomethyl-4-methylperhydro-1, 4-oxazepin-5, 7-dione hydro bromide (E4) and 2-piperidinomethyl-4-phenylperhydro-1, 4-oxazepin-5, 7-dione hydrobromide (E21) were proved to have antispasmodic activity at the concentration from 7.5-1.0×10-6 g/ml. Several of the compounds showed as potent an analgesic activity as pyrabital. Cyclic compounds containing two hetero atoms had lower toxicity than aminoalcohols. In general, the pharmacological activity decreased in the order of 2-oxazolidone (C), perhydro-1, 4-oxazepin-5, 7-dione (E), and 2, 3-morpholinedione (D).
Broadband all order polarization mode dispersion compensation using liquid -crystal modulator arrays (2005)

Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) is a serious barrier that limits high-speed optical fiber telecommunication systems. PMD is the result of random birefringence in single-mode fibers along the transmission path. This leads to wavelength-dependent polarization states and phases at the output that eventually result in pulse deformations and system outages. Of course, things get worse with increasing bandwidth of the optical signals. Several techniques have been proposed to measure and compensate for PMD. Although the measurements can be implemented for large bandwidths, the compensation ideas only work for small bandwidths where the PMD effects are not as drastic. Another weak side of the proposed compensators is that they are serial devices, i.e. every input wavelength receives the same type of treatment. Motivated by this, we have constructed a PMD compensation scheme where all wavelengths can be compensated separately, and it works for moderately large bandwidths depending on the application. In this work, we demonstrate the application of ultrafast pulse shaping techniques for experimental wideband all-order PMD compensation, for the first time to our knowledge. PMD is treated as arbitrary variations of State of Polarization (SOP) and Phase vs. wavelength, in an all-order sense. Consequently, two pulse shapers are implemented in a serial manner to compensate the polarization and phase spectra independently. The first step corrects the wavelength-dependent polarization states to a fixed x or y state. Furthermore, the second step equalizes the spectral phase to restore the clean input pulse. We report compensation of sub-picosecond pulses (14 nm bandwidth around 1550 nm) that are anomalously spread to more than 2 ps due to PMD. This PMD compensation scheme can potentially be a powerful and cost-effective solution for ultra high capacity fiber optic telecommunication networks.
An analog CMOS front-end for a D2-MAC TV decoder (1994)

This paper describes the analog front-end of a fully integrated CMOS TV decoder, suitable for the reception of terrestrial as well as satellite signals, based on the D2-MAC transmission system. While the video reconstruction is undertaken using DSP, the front-end subsystem incorporates many linear and non-linear analog functions, including amplitude measuring, AGC, clamping, data slicing, clock recovery and of course, A/D conversion for the MAC signal processing. The chip is fabricated in 1-/spl mu/ CMOS, and operates from a single 5-V supply.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structures of the photochemical isomerization products of pyridinium ylides. Diazepines and their Diels–Alder adducts (1969)

T. Sasaki, K. Kanematsu and A. Kakehi, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1969, 432 DOI: 10.1039/C29690000432
Theory and Practice in Antitrust Law: Judge Cudahy's Example (2012)

When Richard D. Cudahy graduated from the Yale Law School, antitrust law in the United States was at its zenith. The US. Department of Justice was bringing ambitious lawsuits to break up global cartels in all kinds of product markets, and the Supreme Court had condemned a number of restraints between competitors as illegal per se. Times have changed, as this Essay demonstrates. More recently, the Court overruled a ninety-six-year-old rule condemning resale price maintenance as per se illegal, ruling that such arrangements would henceforth be judged by the more nuanced rule of reason. This decision represents the denouement of a half-century's evolution in the economic and legal thinking about antitrust laws. This half-century's evolution coincides with Judge Cudahy's career. Over the course of this time, academic thinking in some areas of competition policy has circled back around to his initial insights. Judge Cudahy 's antitrust decisions reflect the perspective of a jurist who has managed successfully to respect the laws while simultaneously keeping pace with sweeping developments in contemporary thinking about the twin fields of competition policy and economic regulation. Judge Cudahy has been a prolific scholar, authoring nearly thirty articles on these intertwined fields-with special attention paid to energy utilities. Judge Cudahy 's contributions to the study of economic regulation will bear study for many years to come. This Essay presents a brief survey of some his most important insights.
Endocrine Regulation of Energy Metabolism: Review of Pathobiochemical and Clinical Chemical Aspects of Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and Resistin (2004)

The functional roles, structures, synthesis, analytical aspects, and clinical significance of leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin are summarized.
Paraherquamides, Brevianamides, and Asperparalines:  Laboratory Synthesis and Biosynthesis. An Interim Report (2002)

Studies from our laboratories on the paraherquamide, brevianamide, and asperparaline families of natural products are reviewed. It has been proposed that the unique core ring system that is common to this family of compounds arises by a biological intramolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction. Key biosynthetic studies are described, along with classical synthetic approaches as well as those inspired by Nature for the synthesis of these interesting molecules.