gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neutral technetium(V) complexes with amide-thiol-thioether chelating ligands (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNeutral technetium(V) complexes with amide-thiol-thioether chelating ligandsNathan Bryson, John C. Dewan, John Lister-James, Alun G. Jones, and Alan DavisonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 12, 2154–2161Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00285a029Request reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pim-1 Kinase Stability Is Regulated by Heat Shock Proteins and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway (2005)

Elevated expression of the serine/threonine kinase Pim-1 increases the incidence of lymphomas in Pim-1 transgenic mice and has also been found to occur in some human cancers. Pim-1 acts as a cell survival factor and may prevent apoptosis in malignant cells. It was therefore of interest to understand to what extent maintenance and degradation of Pim-1 protein is affected by heat shock proteins (Hsp) and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in K562 and BV173 human leukemic cells. The half-life of Pim-1 protein in these cells was found to increase from 1.7 to 3.1 hours when induced by heat shock or by treating the cells with the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 (bortezomib). The Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin prevented the stabilization of Pim-1 by heat shock. Using immunoprecipitation, it was determined that Pim-1 is targeted for degradation by ubiquitin and that Hsp70 is associated with Pim-1 under these circumstances. Conversely, Hsp90 was found to protect Pim-1 from proteasomal degradation. A luminescence-based kinase assay showed that Pim-1 kinase bound to Hsp70 or Hsp90 remains active, emphasizing the importance of its overall cellular levels. This study shows how Pim-1 levels can be modulated in cells through degradation and stabilization.
Review Article: Bone Transplantation and Immune Response (2009)

Bone is the second most common transplant tissue after blood, with the iliac crest autologous graft being most used. Bone transplantation induces osteogenesis to repair bone defects. Despite being the most efficient, autogenous bone requires an additional incision and its supply may be inadequate. Deep-frozen allogeneic bone can be an alternative, but is at risk of microbiological contamination, transmission of unrecognised germs, delayed incorporation, and cellular and humoral immune reactions. Synthetic graft substitutes combine scaffolding properties with biological elements to stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation and eventually osteogenesis. However, they generally lack osteoinductive or osteogenic properties and have various effects on bone healing. We present an overview of bone grafts and graft substitutes in clinical use, and the immune responses to allogeneic bone.
Properties and Synthetic Utility of<i>N</i>-Substituted Benzotriazoles (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties and Synthetic Utility of N-Substituted BenzotriazolesAlan R. Katritzky, Xiangfu Lan, Jason Z. Yang, and Olga V. DeniskoView Author Information Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1998, 98, 2, 409–548Publication Date (Web):January 30, 1998Publication History Received7 February 1997Revised10 July 1997Published online30 January 1998Published inissue 1 April 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/cr941170vCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views6057Altmetric-Citations400LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (10 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Amines,Anions,Ketones,pH Get e-Alerts
A Possible Novel Scanning Ultrasonic Tip Microscope (1989)

An rf-ultrasonic pulse of about 1.4 MHz has been sent into an STM tip 1 mm in diameter and 8 mm long by a piezoelectric transducer cemented to the end surface of the tip. Well-isolated ultrasonic pulse-echoes have been received by the transducer, and the conventional ultrasonic pulse superposition method has been applied to the pulse-echoes. The phase-sensitive output of the method has been found to change almost reversibly against the tip-to-surface distance in nanometer scale. The possibility of a new scanning ultrasonic tip microscope (SUTM), where the output is fed back to control the tip position instead of the current in STM, is demonstrated.
Room air stratification in combined chilled ceiling and displacement ventilation systems (2012)

Abstract Radiant chilled ceilings with displacement ventilation (DV) represent a promising integrated system design that combines the energy efficiency of both sub-systems with the opportunity for improved ventilation performance resulting from the thermally stratified environment of DV systems. The purpose of this study was to conduct laboratory experiments for a typical U.S. interior zone office to investigate how room air stratification is affected by the ratio of cooling load removed by a chilled ceiling to the total cooling load, η, for two different chilled ceiling configurations. The experiments were carried out in a climatic chamber equipped with radiant panels installed in the suspended ceiling. In the first test configuration representative of thermally activated slab applications, 12 panels covering 73.5% of the ceiling were used. During the second series of tests, 6 panels covering 36.7% of the ceiling were used, representing a typical installation of metal radiant panels. The cooling load removed by the panels varied between 0 and 73 W/m2 (0–23.1 Btu/(h ft2)) (based on radiant panel area) or between 0 and 28 W/m2 (0–8.9 Btu/(h ft2)) (based on room area). The average mean water temperature of the panels varied over a more moderate range of 20°C–24°C (60°F–75.2°F) for the 12-panel tests and over a colder range of 16.5°C–22.6°C (61.7°F–72.7°F) for the 6-panel tests. The displacement ventilation airflow rate varied between 1.65 and 4.03 l/(s m2) (0.32–0.79 cfm/ft2), and the supply air temperature was kept constant at 18°C (64.4°F). The results showed that increasing η, the relative amount of the cooling load removed by the chilled ceiling, reduced the total room stratification. However, a comparison between the colder 6-panel tests and the warmer 12-panel tests indicated that average radiant surface temperature (mean chilled water temperature in panels) was a stronger predictor of stratification performance. When smaller active radiant ceiling areas are used (e.g., for a typical radiant ceiling panel layout), colder radiant surface temperatures are required to remove the same amount of cooling load (as a larger area), which cause more disruption to the room air stratification. Despite the impact that the chilled ceiling has on stratification, the results indicate that a minimum head–ankle temperature difference of 1.5°C (2.7°F) in the occupied zone (seated or standing) will be maintained for all radiant ceiling surface temperatures of 18°C (64.4°F) or higher. Acknowledgment The present work was supported by the California Energy Commission (CEC) Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Buildings Program and in-kind contributions of laboratory facilities by E.H. Price, Winnipeg, Manitoba. The authors would like to thank Tom Epp for the help in the laboratory work and preparation of figures. Stefano Schiavon, PhD, PE, Associate Member ASHRAE, is Assistant Professor. Fred Bauman, PE, Member ASHRAE, is Research Specialist. Brad Tully, PEng, Member ASHRAE, is R&D Manager. Julian Rimmer, PEng, Member ASHRAE, is Manager of New Technology
Versatile Biofunctionalization of Polypeptide-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogels via Click Chemistry (2013)

In this study, we report thermosensitive hydrogels based on poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(γ-propargyl-l-glutamate) (PEG-PPLG). (13)C NMR spectra, DLS, and circular dichroism spectra were employed to study the mechanism of the sol-gel phase transition. Mouse fibroblast L929 cells were encapsulated and cultured within the hydrogel matrices, and the encapsulated cells were shown to be highly viable in the gel matrices, suggesting that the hydrogels have excellent cytocompatibilities. The mass loss of the hydrogels in vitro was accelerated by the presence of proteinase K compared to the control group. In vivo biocompatibility studies revealed that the in situ formed gels in the subcutaneous layer last for ∼21 days, and H&E staining study suggested acceptable biocompatibility of our materials in vivo. The presence of alkynyl side groups in the PEG-PPLG copolymers allowed convenient further functionalization with azide-modified bioactive molecules, such as biotin and galactose. The biofunctionalized PEG-polypeptide block copolymers showed sol-gel phase transitions similar to the parent copolymers. Interestingly, the incorporation of galactose groups into the hydrogels was found to improve cell adhesion, likely due to the adsorption of fibronectin (FN) in cell-extracellular matrix (ECM). Because bioactive materials have shown unique advantages in biomedical applications, especially tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, we believe our novel functionalizable thermosensitive hydrogels have potential to serve as a versatile platform for the development of new biofunctional materials, for example, bioadhesive and bioresponsive hydrogels.
Cytopathic effect of whole cells and purified membranes of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (1983)

Marked cytopathic effect was produced in both porcine lung fibroblasts and MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts with doses of 7.5 X 10(6) and 1.5 X 10(7) CFU of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae J per ml, respectively. M. hyopneumoniae VPP11, at a concentration as low as 1.25 X 10(7) CFU/ml, was capable of causing cytopathic effect in MRC-5 monolayers also. The infected monolayers developed patches of detached or lysed cells within 48 h. At a protein concentration of 2 micrograms/ml, M. hyopneumoniae membranes, prepared from freeze-thaw lysed cells, were capable of inducing cytopathic effect in MRC-5 fibroblasts within 24 h. The cytoplasm did not contain any cytotoxic activity. This indicates that the cytopathic factor is located in the cell membrane. This factor appears to be protein in nature. It was heat labile (100 degrees C, 15 min) and was destroyed by pronase (1 mg of pronase per 1 mg of membrane protein). It appears to be antigenic, since rabbit anti-M. hyopneumoniae serum was capable of neutralizing its cytopathic activity.
Safety and tolerability of pioglitazone (2000)

Pioglitazone HCl, a new thiazolidinedione (TZD), has been developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The drug was tested in several trials that included over 5,000 subjects. Of these, over 3,500 subjects received active treatment. At doses between 15-45 mg pioglitazone was well tolerated with dropouts due to adverse events being similar in pioglitazone and placebo groups. The main side effect of treatment was mild to moderate peripheral oedema. Oedema was not associated with signs or symptoms of congestive cardiac failure, and there was no excess of adverse events in the cardiovascular system in the pioglitazone-treated patients. Weight increases were seen during treatment with pioglitazone, with most weight gain in the early period of the treatment, which then stabilised. It has been shown to be due to increases in subcutaneous fat. Despite weight gain, the favourable effects of pioglitazone on glycaemic control and lipids were maintained. In laboratory tests, small decreases in haemoglobin and haematocrit were seen due to haemodilution. However, anaemia was not reported more often with pioglitazone than with placebo and no patients were discontinued due to anaemia associated with pioglitazone. A thorough analysis of results of liver tests revealed no evidence of hepatotoxicity with pioglitazone. The safety profile of pioglitazone demonstrated by clinical trials is supported further by safety data from the market in USA and Japan, where the drug has been widely prescribed for over a year. A safety and tolerability profile, similar to that seen in clinical trials, has been reported.
Priming With Angiopoietin-1 Augments the Vasculogenic Potential of the Peripheral Blood Stem Cells Mobilized With Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Through a Novel Tie2/Ets-1 Pathway (2009)

The short-term priming with COMP-Ang1 may be a feasible and promising option to activate (mob)PBSCs by enhancing differentiation and adhesiveness and to improve the efficacy of cell therapy for ischemic diseases.
Illustration of surface crosslinking of different polymers treated in argon plasma (1997)

Abstract The influence of argon plasma on polycarbonate (PC) and poly(propylene) (PP) has been studied in terms of structural changes and reaction mechanisms. In situ UV‐visible ellipsometry reveals formation of a surface layer with a higher refractive index than the untreated polymer. The increase in the refractive index is attributed to polymer densification, which is assigned to crosslinking. However, a decrease in the average molecular weight of the PC is also observed and two populations of macromolecules of different size are detected by light scattering measurements, revealing a competition between crosslinking and degradation. The reaction mechanisms were investigated using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 1 H NMR) and in situ IR ellipsometry. Degradation is caused by carbonate bond breaking, while crosslinking seems to be related to a decrease in methyl groups. The ellipsometry results are correlated with amorphous phase extraction and 1 H NMR analysis of modified PP. The crosslinking mechanism involves the elimination of methyl groups, and also the formation of exomethylenic bonds. Spectroscopic ellipsometry appears to be a valuable tool to study the interaction between a plasma and a polymer, as UV‐visible ellipsometry is sensitive to structural changes in the polymer, while IR ellipsometry detects the appearance and disappearance of chemical groups in a surface layer.
Active replication of HIV-1 at the lymphoepithelial surface of the tonsil. (1997)

Cells that are infected with HIV-1 were visualized at the mucosal surface of the nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsils in 14 specimens from patients with CD4+ T-cell counts of 200 to 900/microliter and 2- to 10-year histories of HIV-1 infection. Most of the cells with intracellular HIV-1 protein were small but multinucleated. The majority of these syncytia could be double labeled for HIV-1 RNA and a dendritic cell marker S100. In the palatine tonsil, the infected cells were not found in the stratified squamous epithelium that is adjacent to the pharynx. Instead, the S100+ infected syncytia were localized to the surface of tonsil invaginations or crypts. This mucosa, termed lymphoepithelium, contains antigen-transporting M cells that lie above regions where S100+ dendritic cells are juxtaposed with CD4+ lymphocytes. Likewise, infected cells were found in lymphoepithelium and not respiratory epithelium of nasopharyngeal tonsils or adenoids. We propose that lymphoepithelia, the histological term that describes the specialized regions where antigens access mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, are sites where HIV-1 replication can be enhanced in syncytia derived from dendritic cells.
Factors Influencing Adherence of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to Influenza A Virus-Infected Cell Cultures (1982)

A quantitative radioassay was used to study the factors affecting the adherence of (3)H-labeled Staphylococcus aureus 1071 to Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, either uninfected or infected with the human FM1 strain of influenza A virus. Enhanced adherence to virus-infected cell cultures was independent of nonspecific factors-hydrophobicity, surface charge, and monolayer cell density. Viral hemagglutinin and neuraminidase did not act as the cell receptors for S. aureus because the growth of virus-inoculated monolayers in tunicamycin (an inhibitor of glycosylation) and the pretreatment of virus-infected cells with trypsin or virus-specific antiserum, which inhibit hemadsorption, had no effect on staphylococcal adherence. In contrast, adherence to uninfected and virus-infected cells was significantly reduced by protease treatment of either monolayers or staphylococci and by heat treatment of staphylococci. UV irradiation and treatment of bacteria with 0.1 M EDTA enhanced adherence. Pretreatment of monolayers with a thermal extract of S. aureus decreased adherence by 89 to 97%. The staphylococcal adhesin, which blocks adherence to virus-infected cells, appears to be a remarkably heat-stable, protease- and trypsin-sensitive macromolecule which is distinct from protein A, clumping factor, and teichoic acid. Lastly, pretreatment of S. aureus with human fibrinogen significantly enhanced adherence to virus-infected cells (P < 0.005) compared with binding with untreated S. aureus. The treated bacteria also adsorbed virus out of suspension. These results suggest that fibrinogen forms a bridge between S. aureus and receptors present on virus-infected cells and free virus.
CD40 ligand induced cytotoxicity in carcinoma cells is enhanced by inhibition of metalloproteinase cleavage and delivery via a conditionally-replicating adenovirus (2010)

Combined with numerous studies demonstrating its immunotherapeutic potential, these data provide a strong rationale for the exploitation of the CD40-CD40L pathway for the treatment of solid tumours.
An Image-Free Opto-Mechanical System for Creating Virtual Environments and Imaging Neuronal Activity in Freely Moving Caenorhabditis elegans (2011)

Non-invasive recording in untethered animals is arguably the ultimate step in the analysis of neuronal function, but such recordings remain elusive. To address this problem, we devised a system that tracks neuron-sized fluorescent targets in real time. The system can be used to create virtual environments by optogenetic activation of sensory neurons, or to image activity in identified neurons at high magnification. By recording activity in neurons of freely moving C. elegans, we tested the long-standing hypothesis that forward and reverse locomotion are generated by distinct neuronal circuits. Surprisingly, we found motor neurons that are active during both types of locomotion, suggesting a new model of locomotion control in C. elegans. These results emphasize the importance of recording neuronal activity in freely moving animals and significantly expand the potential of imaging techniques by providing a mean to stabilize fluorescent targets.
Mutational Analysis of Cdc19p, a <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i> MCM Protein (1997)

The cdc19+ gene encodes an essential member of the MCM family of replication proteins in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We have examined the structure and function of the Cdc19p protein using molecular and genetic approaches. We find that overproduction of wild-type Cdc19p in wild-type cells has no effect, but cdc19-P1 mutant cells do not tolerate elevated levels of other MCM proteins or overexpression of mutant forms of Cdc19p. We have found genetic interactions between cdc19+ and genes encoding subunits of DNA polymerase delta and the replication initiator cdc18+. We have constructed a series of point mutations and sequence deletions throughout Cdc19p, which allow us to distinguish essential from nonessential regions of the protein. Not surprisingly, conserved residues in the MCM homology domain are required for protein function, but some residues outside the core homology domain are dispensable.
Prospects and Limitations of Automatic Assertion Generation for Loop Programs (1977)

The problem of generation of loop invariants from the input, output assertions of a loop program $({\textbf{while }}B{\textbf{ do }}S)$ is considered. The problem is theoretically unsolvable in general. As a special case we consider assertions of the form $xRy$, where R denotes a binary relation, x denotes the variables manipulated by the program and y denotes variables that are not modified by the(program. We derive conditions for R such that if any loop program has $xRy$ as the input and output assertions, then $xRy$ is a loop invariant. These conditions for R are shown to be necessary and sufficient in that if some $R'$ does not meet these conditions, then there are loop programs for which $xR'y$ holds at entrance and exit, though not following every iteration. In particular it is shown that if R is an equivalence relation, then under certain reasonable restrictions on the loop, $xRy$ holds at entrance and exit of the loop if and only if it holds after every iteration.
Myocardial Perfusion Imaging from Echocardiography to SPECT, PET, CT, and MRI—Recent Advances and Applications (2010)

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