gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of elastic memory composite materials to deployable space structures (2001)

Elastic Memory Composite (EMC) materials exhibit many favorable qualities for deployable space structures and have piqued a broad interest within America's deployable space structures industry. EMC materials are similar to traditional fiber-reinforced composites except for the use of a thermoset shape memory resin that enables EMC materials to achieve much higher failure strains than traditional composites when exercised through a very specific thermomechanical load cycle. This unique behavior is exploited in the development of EMC structural components that exhibit very high packaging-strain capability while guaranteeing predictable postdeployment structural performance. This paper presents a review of the current state of development of EMC technologies and EMC deployable space structure components. The paper is intended primarily to help potential users of EMC materials develop a better understanding of the special capabilities of EMC materials and considerations that must be applied while engineering with EMC materials.
Un environnement graphique pour le langage SIGNAL (1993)

Ce rapport présente un environnement de programmation polymorphe pour la conception d'applications temps réel décrites dans le langage Signal. Cet environnement offre à l'utilisateur des représentations graphiques et textuelles des structures du langage. Ces représentations peuvent être conjointement utilisées lors de la construction ou la "lecture" du programme, l'utilisateur dispose de formes adaptables à un niveau d'observation. Une expression Signal peut être considérée comme un ensemble de composants (représentés par des rectangles) munis de points de connexion (les ports représentés par des triangles) joints par des liens (suite de segments connexes). La meme expression Signal est également un système d'équations sur suites de valeurs représenté par un terme construit à l'aide des opérateurs du langage (définition de variable, composition, changement de nom...). Ces deux formes dénotent en fait un même objet, représenté plus abstraitement par un arbre que l'on munit d'attributs géométriques. Le langage Signal étant présenté par ailleurs, on se propose de développer les différents aspects de l'interface d'édition conçue en accord avec sa sémantique.
Novel Syntheses of Variably Substituted Pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazoles (2010)

Pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazoles are conveniently derived from the corresponding o-aminoalkynylthiazoles via microwave assisted 5-endo-dig cyclization. Methylene-bridged substituents in the 6-position are directly obtained from 5-exo-Heck cyclization based on the same iodoaminothiazole precursor. Further structural variety is accessible via Suzuki reaction of 2-chloroaminothiazoles prior to cyclization or post-cyclization modifications.
Rearrangements of Bcl-1, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, and C-Myc in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas (2001)

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) is characterized by a marked degree of morphologic and clinical heterogeneity. We studied 137 patients with de novo DLBL for rearrangements of the bcl-1, bcl-2, bcl-6 and c-myc oncogenes by Southern blot analysis. Structural alterations of bcl-1, bcl-2, bcl-6, and c-myc were detected in 21 of 137 (15.3%), 8 of 137 (5.8%), 22 of 137 (16.1%), 14 of 137 (10.2%) patients, respectively. Two cases showed a combination of bcl-1 and bcl-6 rearrangements. Chromosomal analysis was performed in 31 cases of the 137 DLBL. 27 of these showed karyotypic abnormalities, and two had translocations 3q27 involving bcl-6. However, one of two cases had no rearrangement of bcl-6. Patients with rearranged bcl-6 and c-myc tended to have poorer survival than patients with germ-line. Furthermore, bcl-1 and bcl-2 rearrangements tended to have a better outcome, although the above differences were not statistically significant. Rearrangements of the bcl-1, 2, 6, and c-myc gene correlated with the clinical outcome in DLBL and may thus serve as prognostic markers in patients with this form of malignant lymphoma. However, other genetic factors are probably involved in determining prognosis.
Electrode materials for electrosynthesis (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrode materials for electrosynthesisA. Mottram Couper, Derek Pletcher, and Frank C. WalshCite this: Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 5, 837–865Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00103a010https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00103a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3701Altmetric-Citations207LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Vesiculo–Vacuolar Organelle (VVO): A New Endothelial Cell Permeability Organelle (2001)

A newly defined endothelial cell permeability structure, termed the vesiculo-vacuolar organelle (VVO), has been identified in the microvasculature that accompanies tumors, in venules associated with allergic inflammation, and in the endothelia of normal venules. This organelle provides the major route of extravasation of macromolecules at sites of increased vascular permeability induced by vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF), serotonin, and histamine in animal models. Continuity of these large sessile structures between the vascular lumen and the extracellular space has been demonstrated in kinetic studies with ultrastructural electron-dense tracers, by direct observation of tilted electron micrographs, and by ultrathin serial sections with three-dimensional computer reconstructions. Ultrastructural enzyme-affinity cytochemical and immunocytochemical studies have identified histamine and VPF/VEGF bound to VVOs in vivo in animal models in which these mediators of permeability are released from mast cells and tumor cells, respectively. The high-affinity receptor for VPF/VEGF, VEGFR-2, was localized to VVOs and their substructural components by pre-embedding ultrastructural immunonanogold and immunoperoxidase techniques. Similar methods were used to localize caveolin and vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) to VVOs and caveolae, indicating a possible commonality of formation and function of VVOs to caveolae.
Liquid transport facilitated by channels in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> biofilms (2012)

Many bacteria on earth exist in surface-attached communities known as biofilms. These films are responsible for manifold problems, including hospital-acquired infections and biofouling, but they can also be beneficial. Biofilm growth depends on the transport of nutrients and waste, for which diffusion is thought to be the main source of transport. However, diffusion is ineffective for transport over large distances and thus should limit growth. Nevertheless, biofilms can grow to be very large. Here we report the presence of a remarkable network of well-defined channels that form in wild-type Bacillus subtilis biofilms and provide a system for enhanced transport. We observe that these channels have high permeability to liquid flow and facilitate the transport of liquid through the biofilm. In addition, we find that spatial variations in evaporative flux from the surface of these biofilms provide a driving force for the flow of liquid in the channels. These channels offer a remarkably simple system for liquid transport, and their discovery provides insight into the physiology and growth of biofilms.
The gait of pacers 1: kinematics of the racing stride (1988)

Standardbred pacers have been studied under race conditions to describe the gait of the pacer, and to determine relationships between stage of the race, finish order and selected gait kinematics. Overlap increased with the stage of the race while pacing speed decreased marginally for low order pacers and increased for high order finishers. High order finishing pacers appear to have greater stance and stride lengths than do low order finishers. Pacers could be separated into low order and high order groups on the basis of their movement patterns. High order pacers exhibited greater ranges of limb motion than did low order finishers.
Paediatric Metabolic Conditions of the Liver (2015)

Paediatric metabolic disorders with the most clinical manifestations of deranged hepatic metabolism are discussed. The conditions which will be stressed are those for which effective treatment is available and early diagnosis is essential. Accurate diagnosis of other disorders for which no treatment is, as yet, available is also important as a guide to prognosis and for accurate genetic counselling. With the advancement in amniocentesis techniques there is a growing role for gene therapy. For selected metabolic disorders, paediatric liver transplantations have been successful.
Total ankle arthroplasty: four years' experience. (1981)

A review of 102 total ankle arthroplasties performed during a four-year period revealed that complications occurred in 41%. 22% with impingement of various types 6.9% with loosening and 2.9% with deep sepsis. The best results were obtained in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and those with posttraumatic osteoarthritis who were older than 60 years of age. Total ankle arthroplasty currently should not be considered in patients with posttraumatic osteoarthritis who are younger than 60 years old. Arthrodesis remains the only acceptable method of treatment in these individuals. Total ankle arthroplasty seems indicated in patients who have significant ankle joint disability secondary to rheumatoid arthritis and in elderly patients with disabling posttraumatic degeneration whose physical demands are limited.
Malware Dynamic Analysis Evasion Techniques (2019)

The cyber world is plagued with ever-evolving malware that readily infiltrate all defense mechanisms, operate viciously unbeknownst to the user, and surreptitiously exfiltrate sensitive data. Understanding the inner workings of such malware provides a leverage to effectively combat them. This understanding is pursued often through dynamic analysis which is conducted manually or automatically. Malware authors accordingly, have devised and advanced evasion techniques to thwart or evade these analyses. In this article, we present a comprehensive survey on malware dynamic analysis evasion techniques. In addition, we propose a detailed classification of these techniques and further demonstrate how their efficacy holds against different types of detection and analysis approaches. Our observations attest that evasive behavior is mostly concerned with detecting and evading sandboxes. The primary tactic of such malware we argue is fingerprinting followed by new trends for reverse Turing test tactic which aims at detecting human interaction. Furthermore, we will posit that the current defensive strategies, beginning with reactive methods to endeavors for more transparent analysis systems, are readily foiled by zero-day fingerprinting techniques or other evasion tactics such as stalling. Accordingly, we would recommend the pursuit of more generic defensive strategies with an emphasis on path exploration techniques that has the potential to thwart all the evasive tactics.
The Involvement of HAb18G/CD147 in Regulation of Store-operated Calcium Entry and Metastasis of Human Hepatoma Cells (2001)

The present study examined the effect of hepatoma-associated antigen HAb18G (homologous to CD147) expression on the NO/cGMP-regulated Ca(2+) mobilization and metastatic process of human hepatoma cells. HAb18G/CD147 cDNA was transfected into human 7721 hepatoma cells to obtain a cell line stably expressing HAb18G/CD147, T7721, as demonstrated by Northern blot and immunocytochemical studies. 8-Bromo-cGMP (cGMP) inhibited the thapsigargin-induced Ca(2+) entry in a concentration-dependent manner in 7721 cells. The cGMP-induced inhibition was abolished by an inhibitor of protein kinase G, KT5823 (1 microm). However, expression of HAb18G/CD147 in T7721 cells decreased the inhibitory response to cGMP. A similar concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on the Ca(2+) entry was observed in 7721 cells in response to a NO donor, (+/-)-S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP). The inhibitory effect of SNAP on the thapsigargin-induced Ca(2+) entry was significantly reduced in HAb18G/CD147-expressing T7721 cells, indicating a role for HAb18G/CD147 in NO/cGMP-regulated Ca(2+) entry. Experiments investigating metastatic potentials demonstrated that HAb18G/CD147-expressing T7721 cells attached to the Matrigel-coated culture plates and invaded through Matrigel-coated permeable filters at the rate significantly greater than that observed in 7721 cells. Both the attachment and invasion rates could be suppressed by SNAP, and the inhibitory effect of SNAP could be reversed by NO inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. The sensitivity of the attachment and invasion rates to cGMP was significantly reduced in T7721 cells as compared with 7721 cells when cells were pretreated with thapsigargin. The difference in the sensitivity between the two cells could be abolished by a Ca(2+) channel blocker, Ni(2+) (3 mm). These results suggest that HAb18G/CD147 enhances metastatic potentials in human hepatoma cells by disrupting the regulation of store-operated Ca(2+) entry by NO/cGMP.
Mechanism of the chromium-catalyzed epoxidation of olefins. Role of oxochromium(V) cations (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of the chromium-catalyzed epoxidation of olefins. Role of oxochromium(V) cationsE. G. Samsel, K. Srinivasan, and Jay K. KochiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 25, 7606–7617Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00311a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00311a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2192Altmetric-Citations341LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MagicFuzzer: scalable deadlock detection for large-scale applications (2012)

We present MagicFuzzer, a novel dynamic deadlock detection technique. Unlike existing techniques to locate potential deadlock cycles from an execution, it iteratively prunes lock dependencies that each has no incoming or outgoing edge. Combining with a novel thread-specific strategy, it dramatically shrinks the size of lock dependency set for cycle detection, improving the efficiency and scalability of such a detection significantly. In the real deadlock confirmation phase, it uses a new strategy to actively schedule threads of an execution against the whole set of potential deadlock cycles. We have implemented a prototype and evaluated it on large-scale C/C++ programs. The experimental results confirm that our technique is significantly more effective and efficient than existing techniques.
PET in Cervical Cancer — Implications for `Staging,' Treatment Planning, Assessment of Prognosis, and Prediction of Response (2008)

The use of functional imaging techniques such as fluorodeoxyglucose- positron emission tomography and positron emission tomography- computed tomography to manage patients with cervical cancer is constantly increasing. Current roles include pretreatment staging and diagnosis of recurrent disease. Reports have also shown its ability to predict survival based on pre- and posttherapy scans. These techniques are not fool-proof, however, and reports of both false-negative and false-positive scans document some limitations. Future studies must further elucidate their exact roles in the management of this disease process.
Photophysics and Photochemistry of Stilbene-Containing Platinum Acetylides (2004)

A series of four platinum acetylide complexes that contain 4-ethynylstilbene (4-ES) ligands have been subjected to a detailed photochemical and photophysical investigation. The objective of the work is to understand the structure and reactivity of the lowest excited states in π-conjugated Pt-acetylides. The 4-ES ligand was chosen for this work because the excited-state properties of the stilbene chromophore are well understood. In particular, stilbene features fluorescence and phosphorescence, and also undergoes trans−cis photoisomerization from the triplet excited state. Two of the complexes investigated contain phosphine ligands and have the structures trans-Pt(PBu3)2(4-ES)2 and cis-Pt(dppe)(4-ES)2 (2 and 3, respectively, where PBu3 = tributylphosphine and dppe = bis-1,2-diphosphinoethane). The other two complexes contain substituted 2,2‘-bipyridine ligands and have the structures Pt(t-Bu-bpy)(4-ES)2 and Pt(4,4‘-CO2Et-bpy)(4-ES)2 (3 and 4, respectively, where t-Bu-bpy = 4,4‘-di-tert-butyl-2,2‘-bipyridine and 4,4‘-CO2Et-bpy = 4,4‘-bis(carboethoxy)-2,2‘-bipyridine). The crystal structure of 2 is reported. The complex features a square planar PtP2C2 geometry and the planes of the phenyl groups in the 4-ES ligands are twisted approximately 60° relative to the plane defined by the PtP2C2 core. The series of complexes was examined by using absorption, variable-temperature photoluminescence, and transient absorption spectroscopy. In addition, the photochemical reactivity of the complexes was explored by UV−visible absorption and NMR spectroscopy. The available experimental data indicate that in all of the complexes excitation leads to high-yield production of a 3π,π* excited state that is localized on one of the 4-ES ligands. At low temperatures, the 3π,π* state exhibits strong phosphorescence that is very similar to the phosphorescence of trans-stilbene. At temperatures above the glass-to-fluid temperature of the solvent medium, the 3π,π* state decays rapidly (τ ≈ 40 ns). The decay pathway is believed to involve rotation around the CC bond of one of the 4-ES moieties. This model is supported by the photochemical results, which show that steady-state photolysis leads to trans−cis isomerization of one of the 4-ES ligands with a quantum efficiency of 0.4.
Direct Formation and Reaction of Functionalized thienyl-Based Organocopper Reagents (1989)

Abstract Highly reactive copper solutions have been prepared by the direct reduction of lithium 2-thienylcyanocuprate. Product isolation was much easier using the thienyl-based organocopper reagents as opposed to phosphine-based organocopper reagents.
Biofeedback therapy to achieve symmetrical gait in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: long-term efficacy. (1983)

The hypothesis investigated in this study was that the symmetry of gait achieved with biofeedback therapy was maintained at follow-up, which ranged from 18 to 24 months later. The approach adopted was to measure average heel force on the hemiparetic side and to measure the temporal asymmetries in gait from video recordings. It was found that most of the therapy gains had been lost since treatment ended. It was concluded that the improvements acquired during biofeedback therapy are not maintained over time without maintenance strategies, and are liable to be situation-specific.
Diagnosis of Bacteriuria by Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds in Urine Using an Automated Headspace Analyzer with Multiple Conducting Polymer Sensors (2001)

The Osmetech Microbial Analyzer (OMA) is an automated headspace analyzer fitted with a novel detector system consisting of an array of polymer sensors, each of which responds to different volatile organic compounds. The system can be used for screening clinical urine specimens for significant bacteriuria by sampling urine headspace and subjecting the output of the multiple-detector response to principal component analysis. The OMA readily distinguished artificially infected urine samples from sterile controls. The OMA was then used to analyze 534 unselected clinical urine specimens, of which 21.5% had significant bacteriuria (containing >10(5) CFU of bacteria/ml). The sensitivity and specificity of the OMA compared with conventional culture were 83.5 and 87.6%, respectively. The OMA is a promising automated system for the rapid routine screening of urine specimens, and further clinical trials are in progress.
Silicon photonics technology: past, present, and future (2005)

Due to recent investments by government and industry, silicon-based photonics has a chance of becoming “the” mainstream photonics technology. This paper presents a survey of recent results found in journal articles and conference proceedings. Emerging trends in silicon-based photonic components (waveguides, ultrafast modulators, switches, light sources, detectors, direct bandgap SiGeSn/GeSn devices, photonic-crystal and plasmonic devices) are identified and discussed. In principle, Si PICs and OEICs can operate anywhere within the 0.3 to 100 μm wavelength range -- enabling transceivers, on-chip processing, and interfacing with fibers or free-space light beams. Thus, in addition to the very important 1.55 μm telecomm applications, there are significant Si photonic opportunities throughout the infrared-and-visible spectrum. The push towards smarter, ever-denser on-chip photonic networks, drives a “convergence” of micro-, nano- and plasmo-photonic techniques for progressively smaller devices (Moore’s law for photonics) and for improved functionality of modulators, switches, emitters, detectors, waveguides, resonators, tapers and filters. This convergence includes composite components: monolithic integration of microstrip waveguides, 2D and 3D photonic-crystal elements and metal/Si plasmon-optics that ultilize buried or surface-mounted 2D arrays of metal stripes or nanodots.