gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrical transport in corrugated multilayered structures (1995)

Recently corrugated multilayered structures of Cu/Co/Cu/NiFe have been grown on silicon substrates which have (111) faceted grooves etched on their surface. These structures can be probed by conventional means with current at an angle to the plane of layers (CAP) as well as for currents in the plane. The CAP magnetoresistance (MR) has been found to be up to 50% greater than that for currents in the plane of the layers (CIP). We have derived the relation between the resistivities for CIP, CAP, and CPP (currents perpendicular to the plane of layers), in terms of the angle between the current and planes of the layers. From the measurement of the CIP and CAP-MR's we predict the CPP-MR for these structures.
Human megakaryocytic progenitors (CFU‐M) assayed in methylcellulose: Physical characteristics and requirements for growth (1984)

The basic culture requirements and several physical characteristics were defined for megakaryocytic colony-forming cells (CFU-M) from normal human marrow growing in methylcellulose. Ficoll-hypaque separated mononuclear cells from human marrow gave rise to megakaryocytic colonies in the presence of normal human plasma and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocyte-conditioned medium (PHA-LCM). Their identity as megakaryocytic colonies was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining with a monoclonal antibody to human factor VIII antigen and by electron microscopy of individually harvested colonies. Demonstration of the single-cell origin of the colonies was provided by analysis of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) enzyme type of individually harvested colonies grown from a G-6-PD heterozygote. The colonies grew best in heparinized or citrated plasma as opposed to serum. Detailed studies suggested that platelet-release products were responsible for this difference. Tritiated thymidine suicide studies showed that the percentage of CFU-M in DNA synthesis was 23 +/- 8% (n = 10). The modal velocity sedimentation rate of CFU-M was 4.9 +/- 0.6 mm/hr (n = 4) while that of concurrently studied granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming cells (CFU-GM) was 5.7 +/- 0.5 mm/hr. Examination of the PHA-LCM dose-response characteristics suggested the presence in the conditioned medium of an inhibitor to megakaryocyte colony growth which was partially removed by chromatography of the medium on Sephadex G-100. The resulting conditioned medium increased the cloning efficiency for CFU-M compared with that with crude PHA-LCM (15.3 +/- 7.0 and 8.2 +/- 5.3/10(5) marrow cells, respectively).
Navigator gating and volume tracking for double‐triggered cardiac proton spectroscopy at 3 Tesla (2004)

Respiratory motion compensation based on navigator echoes for double-triggered cardiac proton spectroscopy at 3.0 T is presented. The navigators measure the displacement of the liver-lung interface during free breathing. This information allows for double triggering on a defined window within the respiratory cycle and on a defined trigger delay after the R-wave based on the ECG. Furthermore, it allows the excitation volume to be shifted by the determined respiratory displacement within the defined window in real-time (volume tracking). Static and motion phantom experiments were performed in this study, and it was demonstrated that volume tracking permits the suppression of signal from tissue next to the localized volume. However, triggering on a defined respiratory position is still necessary to achieve high spectral quality, because shimming and water suppression calibration are only optimal for a small window of the respiratory cycle. Single-volume spectra obtained in the myocardial septum of healthy subjects are presented.
Tissue-specific Expression of the 230-kDa Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen Gene (BPAG1) (1995)

The 230-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen gene (BPAG1) is expressed exclusively in basal keratinocytes of epidermis. In this study, we have identified a novel cis-element, keratinocyte responsive element 3 (KRE3), at position -216 to -197 of the human BPAG1 gene. A promoter-CAT construct containing this element had approximately 50-fold higher expression than a similar construct devoid of this sequence when tested in transient transfections of cultured human keratinocytes. However, there was no effect on the low base-line level of expression in cultured skin fibroblasts. KRE3 contains a palindromic sequence 5'-CAAATATTTG-3', and mutations in this sequence significantly reduced the promoter activity. Gel mobility shift assays with an oligomer containing KRE3 sequence demonstrated binding activity with nuclear proteins isolated from keratinocytes. One of the DNA/protein complexes was clearly specific, since competition with > 12.5-fold excess of the unlabeled oligomer resulted in disappearance of this band. No specific binding activity was noted with nuclear proteins extracted from fibroblasts. Thus, KRE3 appears to serve as the binding site for keratinocyte-specific trans-activating factor(s), and KRE3 may thus confer the tissue-specific expression to the BPAG1 gene.
Chemical Production of LacticAcid and Other Acids from Molasses - Observations on Alkaline Degradation of Sugars. (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Production of LacticAcid and Other Acids from Molasses - Observations on Alkaline Degradation of Sugars.Rex MontgomeryCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1953, 45, 5, 1144–1147Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1953Publication History Published online20 April 2005Published inissue 1 May 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50521a600RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views240Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (562 KB) Get e-Alerts
Rotational Malalignment of the Tibia Following Reamed Intramedullary Nail Fixation (2004)

Computed tomography measurement is a repeatable method of assessing tibial torsion and in this study revealed a significantly higher incidence of rotational malreduction than that previously reported in the literature.
Degradation-Free P-CVD SiN Deposition on GaAs FETs (1983)

The plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (P-CVD) silicon nitride (SiN) effect on normally-off GaAs FETs was examined. It was verified that positive ion bombardment effect brings about GaAs FET degradation. A simple, improved method of successfully achieving damage free SiN deposition on GaAs FETs is proposed.
Discovery of diverse thyroid hormone receptor antagonists by high-throughput docking (2003)

Treatment of hyperthyroidism, a common clinical condition that can have serious manifestations in the elderly, has remained essentially unchanged for >30 years. Directly antagonizing the effect of the thyroid hormone at the receptor level may be a significant improvement for the treatment of hyperthyroid patients. We built a computer model of the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) ligand-binding domain in its predicted antagonist-bound conformation and used a virtual screening algorithm to select 100 TR antagonist candidates out of a library of >250,000 compounds. We were able to obtain 75 of the compounds selected in silico and studied their ability to act as antagonists by using cultured cells that express TR. Fourteen of these compounds were found to antagonize the effect of T3 on TR with IC50s ranging from 1.5 to 30 microM. A small virtual library of compounds, derived from the highest affinity antagonist (1-850) that could be rapidly synthesized, was generated. A second round of virtual screening identified new compounds with predicted increased antagonist activity. These second generation compounds were synthesized, and their ability to act as TR antagonists was confirmed by transfection and receptor binding experiments. The extreme structural diversity of the antagonist compounds shows how receptor-based virtual screening can identify diverse chemistries that comply with the structural rules of TR antagonism.
Diagnosis of Brugian Filariasis by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (2012)

In this study we developed and evaluated a Brugia Hha I repeat loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid detection of Brugia genomic DNA. Amplification was detected using turbidity or fluorescence as readouts. Reactions generated a turbidity threshold value or a clear visual positive within 30 minutes using purified genomic DNA equivalent to one microfilaria. Similar results were obtained using DNA isolated from blood samples containing B. malayi microfilariae. Amplification was specific to B. malayi and B. timori, as no turbidity was observed using DNA from the related filarial parasites Wuchereria bancrofti, Onchocerca volvulus or Dirofilaria immitis, or from human or mosquito. Furthermore, the assay was most robust using a new strand-displacing DNA polymerase termed Bst 2.0 compared to wild-type Bst DNA polymerase, large fragment. The results indicate that the Brugia Hha I repeat LAMP assay is rapid, sensitive and Brugia-specific with the potential to be developed further as a field tool for diagnosis and mapping of brugian filariasis.
Flexible, simplified CMOS on Si(110) with metal gate / high k for HP and LSTP (2007)

We examine and demonstrate the benefit of high k and metal gate on Si(110) orientation-only CMOS devices and demonstrate not only good PMOS but competitive NMOS device performance. It is shown that high k / metal gates on NMOS Si(110) surface have higher than expected performance due to velocity saturation of minority carriers. Improvement in source/drain extension results in nearly symmetric CMOS output characteristics with no stress enhancement. Examining potential circuit impact reveals that the Si(110) surface provides a significant improvement in performance for UP and LSTP without large process complexity associated with mixed orientation CMOS approaches.
A Highly Integrated X-band Frequency Quadrupler MMIC using 3D-MMIC Technology (2007)

A highly integrated X-band frequency quadrupler MMIC using three-dimensional MMIC (3D-MMIC) technology is presented. It consists of four amplifiers, two doublers, and a 2-band elimination filter. These seven circuits are integrated on only a 2.25 mm times 1.05 mm chip. The third and fifth harmonic components, which are spurious components nearest to the desired component, are well suppressed. The desired/undesired ratio is about 40 dB. The MMIC supplies +5 dBm of the fourth harmonic component at input power as low as -10 dBm. The power dissipation of the MMIC is only 160 mW.
19·9%‐efficient ZnO/CdS/CuInGaSe<sup>2</sup> solar cell with 81·2% fill factor (2008)

Abstract We report a new record total‐area efficiency of 19·9% for CuInGaSe 2 ‐based thin‐film solar cells. Improved performance is due to higher fill factor. The device was made by three‐stage co‐evaporation with a modified surface termination. Growth conditions, device analysis, and basic film characterization are presented. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Full-range in-plane rotation measurement for image recognition with hybrid digital-optical correlator (2013)

A hybrid digital-optical correlator (HDOC) based on volume holographic memory is able to compute the correlation of images at a high speed. HDOC is suitable for real-time image processing and has potential usage in big data processing areas. A 7500-channel HDOC system is experimentally set up, and the target image is correlated with all the channels. The large number of parallel correlation channels could contribute to the precise rotation measurement as well as the translation measurement. In the image recognition applications, the target image involves rotation distortion with respect to the template images. A method with two coarse-fine steps is proposed to measure the rotation at a full range of 360 deg. In the coarse step, the target image is rotated 36 times at an increment of 10 deg. The 36 new images are sent into the HDOC to compute with the template images. Each new image corresponds to a correlation matrix. By searching the smallest value throughout the 36 minimums of the 36 correlation matrixes, the rotation of the target image is narrowed into ±5 deg . In the fine step, the new image is rotated another 10 times at an increment of 1 deg. The rotation measurement error is <0.3 deg .
Morphometric Assessment of Microvessel Density in Astrocytomas : A Tertiary Care Center Study (2020)

Aims: To evaluate and compare microvessel density morphometrically using endoglin (CD105) and CD34, a pan-endothelial marker in different histological grades of astrocytoma
Settings and Design: tertiary care center, original article
Methods and Material: In 61 cases of astrocytoma, the expression of CD105 and CD34 antibody was morphometrically assessed and mean microvessel density (per mm2), total microvessel area (expressed as µm2 per mm2 and as  percentage) were calculated and compared in different grades. Ten cases of normal brain tissue retrieved from the archives of  department of pathology that had been submitted for postmortem examination were used as control.
Statistical analysis used: Mean values of the parameters studied were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) statistical program version 18. In all tests, p values less than 0.05 were regarded as significant. For comparison between different groups for each antibody, Kruskal-Wallis test was applied and for comparison between two antibodies among all groups, Mann-Whitney U test was used.
Results: Mean microvessel density (MVD)-CD34 in grade I – IV astrocytoma was 14.5±5.3, 24.1±5.4, 61±8.7 and 89.4±10.7 respectively while MVD-CD105 was 9.40±0.41, 13.97±0.68, 35.72±0.51 and 49.66±1.17 respectively. The total microvessel area (TVA) in grade I – IV astrocytoma using CD34 antibody was 9908±1399.21, 13827±2798.82, 47235±4094.19 and 64840±5656.58 µm2 per mm2 (r=0.95; p<0.05). The total microvessel area (TVA) was 4865.86±40.91, 6721.16±365.33, 22516.14±185.51 and 31458.9±131.45 µm2 per mm2 in grade I – IV astrocytoma respectively on using CD105 antibody.
Conclusions: Tumor angiogenesis is an integral component in the progression of low-grade astrocytoma to glioblastoma multiforme.TVA and MVD increases with increasing grade of the astrocytomas.
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME OF NEWBORN INFANTS. II. CLINICAL STUDY OF PATHOGENESIS (1963)

Each monthly issue of Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey presents summaries of the most timely and clinically relevant research being published worldwide. These concise, easy-to-read summaries provide expert insight into how to apply the latest research to patient care. The accompanying editorial commentary puts the studies into perspective and supplies authoritative guidance. The result is a valuable, time-saving resource for busy clinicians.
Adaptation of intronic homing endonuclease for successful horizontal transmission (2005)

Group I introns are thought to be self-propagating mobile elements, and are distributed over a wide range of organisms through horizontal transmission. Intron invasion is initiated through cleavage of a target DNA by a homing endonuclease encoded in an open reading frame (ORF) found within the intron. The intron is likely of no benefit to the host cell and is not maintained over time, leading to the accumulation of mutations after intron invasion. Therefore, regular invasional transmission of the intron to a new species at least once before its degeneration is likely essential for its evolutionary long-term existence. In many cases, the target is in a protein-coding region which is well conserved among organisms, but contains ambiguity at the third nucleotide position of the codon. Consequently, the homing endonuclease might be adapted to overcome sequence polymorphisms at the target site. To address whether codon degeneracy affects horizontal transmission, we investigated the recognition properties of a homing enzyme, I-CsmI, that is encoded in the intronic ORF of a group I intron located in the mitochondrial COB gene of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas smithii. We successfully expressed and purified three types of N-terminally truncated I-CsmI polypeptides, and assayed the efficiency of cleavage for 81 substrates containing single nucleotide substitutions. We found a slight but significant tendency that I-CsmI cleaves substrates containing a silent or tolerated amino acid change more efficiently than nonsilent or nontolerated ones. The published recognition properties of I-SpomI, I-ScaI, and I-SceII were reconsidered from this point of view, and we detected proficient adaptation of I-SpomI, I-ScaI, and I-SceII for target site sequence degeneracy. Based on the results described above, we propose that intronic homing enzymes are adapted to cleave sequences that might appear at the target region in various species, however, such adaptation becomes less prominent in proportion to the time elapsed after intron invasion into a new host.
Can bubbles sink ships? (2010)

I investigate the interplay between the buoyancy force and the upwelling (or drag) force which act on a floating object when bubbles are rising through a body of water. Bubbles reduce the buoyant force by reducing the density of the water, but if they entrain an upwelling flow of water as they rise, they can produce a large upward drag force on the floating object. In an upwelling flow, our model ship (density=0.94 g/cm3) floats in a foam whose density is only 0.75 g/cm3. Comparing results with and without upwelling currents is an interesting demonstration and has real-world applications to ships in the ocean.
Comparison of a 12V, 10A, 3MHz buck converter and a series capacitor buck converter (2015)

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental comparison of a two-phase buck converter and a two-phase, series capacitor buck converter. The challenges of a conventional buck converter in high current (10 A or more), high frequency (3-30 MHz) point-of-load voltage regulators with large voltage conversion ratios (10-to-1) are discussed. The series capacitor buck converter exhibits characteristics such as lower switching loss, less inductor current ripple, inherit current balancing, duty ratio extension, and soft charging of the series capacitor. Drawbacks include a maximum output voltage limit and the impracticality of phase shedding. Analysis of the topologies indicates that switching loss and inductor core loss can dominate at high frequency. Results from side-by-side 12 V input, 1.2 V output hardware prototypes demonstrate that the series capacitor buck converter has up to 12 percentage points higher efficiency at 3 MHz and reduces power loss by up to 33% at full load (10 A).
Recent insights into the relation of Δ5 desaturase and Δ6 desaturase activity to the development of type 2 diabetes (2011)

These recent studies suggest an important role of D5D and D6D activities for the development of type 2 diabetes. Factors which influence the activities of these desaturases are likely to be of public health relevance.
Anti-cell surface pemphigus autoantibody stimulates plasminogen activator activity of human epidermal cells. A mechanism for the loss of epidermal cohesion and blister formation. (1983)

Binding of anti-cell surface pemphigus autoantibodies to cultured human epidermal cells stimulates synthesis and secretion of plasminogen activator (PA). Increases in PA activity were detected within 6 h of the addition of IgG and stimulation was dependent upon IgG concentration. Stimulation of PA activity was inhibited by cycloheximide, which indicates that synthesis of protein was necessary. Pharmacological doses of dexamethasone also prevented IgG-induced stimulation of PA. Electrophoretic profiles of PA secreted by cultured human epidermal cells in the presence or absence of pemphigus IgG were similar. The majority of the PA activity comigrated with the higher-molecular-weight species of human urokinase (approximately 55,000). Explants of normal human skin incubated with pemphigus vulgaris IgG displayed loss of epidermal cohesion similar to that observed in patient biopsies. The histologic changes were potentiated by the inclusion of human plasminogen. Loss of epidermal cohesion in normal skin explants incubated with pemphigus foliaceous IgG was dependent upon the addition of plasminogen and was inhibited by aprotinin or lima bean trypsin inhibitor, which indicated that plasmin is the active enzyme in producing acantholysis. These data support the hypothesis that stimulation of PA by the anti-cell surface autoantibodies of pemphigus results in a localized increase in plasmin, which through proteolysis produces the loss of epidermal cohesion characteristic of pemphigus.
Development of a 3D AR-Based Interface for Industrial Robot Manipulators (2018)

Along with the progress in automation and Industry 4.0, the use of industrial robots becomes much more popular. Meanwhile, the conventional manipulative devices, such as teaching pendant and joystick, are not intuitive enough and very time-consuming for task teaching. In facing more complicated tasks these days, it then induces high cost and demands experts with proper training. This paper thus aims to develop an intuitive manipulatory interface for assistance in simplifying the teaching process. We propose a wireless 3D manipulation system based on augmented reality (AR) with the tablet PC as the platform. The system allows the user to govern the movement of the real robot in a 3D space via a virtual one generated through the AR. We also develop several intelligent tools to assist the manipulation, so that accurate and collision-free path can be generated for the robot to follow for task execution. In addition, the system can also be used for offline training, which yields salient training effect for the operator. Experiments are executed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, and questionnaires conducted to investigate user's response.
Cognitive, Social, and Economic Costs of Allergic Rhinitis (2000)

Allergic rhinitis is a highly prevalent, chronic condition. In addition to physical discomfort, rhinitis symptoms have been associated with detrimental effects on the psychological and social aspects of patients' lives. In allergy-specific questionnaires, subjects with allergic rhinitis consistently report lower quality of life than nonallergic controls. Untreated patients are embarrassed and frustrated by their allergy symptoms. Atopic individuals consistently exhibit significant declines in cognitive processing, psychomotor speed, verbal learning, and memory during allergy season. The discomfort, cognitive impairment, and absenteeism associated with allergic rhinitis exact a significant economic toll on U.S. businesses through decreased productivity. When combined with direct medical expenditures, the economic burden of allergic rhinitis is considerable. The effect of treatment on the economics of allergic rhinitis is highly variable: relatively inexpensive medications (lower direct costs) have central nervous system side effects that can cause somnolence and impair learning, memory, and performance (higher indirect costs). Health outcomes data on the effects of allergic rhinitis and its treatments can help establish, monitor, and improve standards of care; as well as inform priority setting, direct resource allocation, and eliminate unnecessary practices.