gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D carbon based nanostructures for advanced supercapacitors (2012)

Supercapacitors have attracted intense attention due to their great potential to meet the demand of both high energy density and power density in many advanced technologies. Various carbon-based nanocomposites are currently pursued as supercapacitor electrodes because of the synergistic effect between carbon (high power density) and pseudo-capacitive nanomaterials (high energy density). This feature article aims to review most recent progress on 3D (3D) carbon based nanostructures for advanced supercapacitor applications in view of their structural intertwinement which not only create the desired hierarchical porous channels, but also possess higher electrical conductivity and better structural mechanical stability. The carbon nanostructures comprise of CNTs-based networks, graphene-based architectures, hierarchical porous carbon-based nanostructures and other even more complex carbon-based 3D configurations. Their advantages and disadvantages are compared and summarized based on the results published in the literature. In addition, we also discuss and view the ongoing trends in materials development for advanced supercapacitors.
Lysine catabolism in Streptomyces spp. is primarily through cadaverine: beta-lactam producers also make alpha-aminoadipate (1989)

Genetic and biochemical evidence was obtained for lysine catabolism via cadaverine and delta-aminovalerate in both the beta-lactam producer Streptomyces clavuligerus and the nonproducer Streptomyces lividans. This pathway is used when lysine is supplied as the sole source of nitrogen for the organism. A second pathway for lysine catabolism is present in S. clavuligerus but not in S. lividans. It leads to alpha-aminoadipate, a precursor for beta-lactam biosynthesis. Since it does not allow S. clavuligerus to grow on lysine as the sole nitrogen source, this pathway may be used exclusively to provide a precursor for beta-lactam biosynthesis. beta-Lactam producers were unable to grow well on alpha-aminoadipate as the only nitrogen source, whereas three of seven species not known to produce beta-lactam grew well under the same conditions. Lysine epsilon-aminotransferase, the initial enzyme in the alpha-aminoadipate pathway for lysine catabolism, was detected in cell extracts only from the beta-lactam producers. These results suggest that synthesis of alpha-aminoadipate is exclusively a secondary metabolic trait, present or expressed only in beta-lactam producers, while genes governing the catabolism of alpha-aminoadipate are present or fully expressed only in beta-lactam nonproducers.
Structural testing of pipelined analog to digital converters (2002)

This paper presents two alternative BIST schemes for structural testing of pipelined ADCs. The operational principle of both strategies relies on testing each of the ADC stages reconfigured as an A/D-D/A block and applying as input a set of analog values. These values are DC stimuli giving a simple output signature. The new techniques are intended for being used in pipelined converters of an arbitrary number of conversion stages and with a digital self-correction mechanism.
Accounting for epistatic interactions improves the functional analysis of protein structures (2013)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Medical applications of electric and magnetic fields (1985)

It has long been held that electricity and magnetism have direct medical applications. The 'quack' remedies of the 19th Century have long since been discredited, but there are today a number of applications in use with many more at the experimental stage.
Anisotropy in thermo-optic coefficients of polyimide films formed on Si substrates (2003)

The temperature dependence of in-plane and out-of-plane refractive indices (i.e., thermo-optic coefficients dn/dT) was measured for seven kinds of aromatic polyimide (PI) films formed on silicon substrates. The absolute values of dnTE/dT (polarization parallel to the film plane) are significantly larger than dnTM/dT (perpendicular to the film plane). The dn/dT for average refractive indices (nav) are −94 to −58 ppm/K, independent of film thickness. The anisotropies (dnTE/dT−dnTM/dT) are −9 to −39 ppm/K. Although the values of nav are independent of film thickness, the anisotropies slightly increase as the film thickness decreases for flexible PI films. As expected from the temperature derivative of the Lorentz–Lorenz (LL) equation, the amorphous PI films exhibiting high nav show large dnav/dT, however, significant anisotropies are observed even for the PI films exhibiting very small birefringence.
The Effector Domain Region of the Vibrio vulnificus MARTX Toxin Confers Biphasic Epithelial Barrier Disruption and Is Essential for Systemic Spread from the Intestine (2017)

Vibrio vulnificus causes highly lethal bacterial infections in which the Multifunctional Autoprocessing Repeats-in-Toxins (MARTX) toxin product of the rtxA1 gene is a key virulence factor. MARTX toxins are secreted proteins up to 5208 amino acids in size. Conserved MARTX N- and C-terminal repeat regions work in concert to form pores in eukaryotic cell membranes, through which the toxin's central region of modular effector domains is translocated. Upon inositol hexakisphosphate-induced activation of the of the MARTX cysteine protease domain (CPD) in the eukaryotic cytosol, effector domains are released from the holotoxin by autoproteolytic activity. We previously reported that the native MARTX toxin effector domain repertoire is dispensable for epithelial cellular necrosis in vitro, but essential for cell rounding and apoptosis prior to necrotic cell death. Here we use an intragastric mouse model to demonstrate that the effector domain region is required for bacterial virulence during intragastric infection. The MARTX effector domain region is essential for bacterial dissemination from the intestine, but dissemination occurs in the absence of overt intestinal tissue pathology. We employ an in vitro model of V. vulnificus interaction with polarized colonic epithelial cells to show that the MARTX effector domain region induces rapid intestinal barrier dysfunction and increased paracellular permeability prior to onset of cell lysis. Together, these results negate the inherent assumption that observations of necrosis in vitro directly predict bacterial virulence, and indicate a paradigm shift in our conceptual understanding of MARTX toxin function during intestinal infection. Results implicate the MARTX effector domain region in mediating early bacterial dissemination from the intestine to distal organs-a key step in V. vulnificus foodborne pathogenesis-even before onset of overt intestinal pathology.
Tomographic Testing and Validation of Probabilistic Circuits (2011)

Some emerging technologies for building computers depend on components and signals whose behavior, under normal or fault conditions, is probabilistic. Examples include stochastic and quantum computing circuits, and conventional nano electronic circuits subject to design, manufacturing or environmental errors. Problems common to these technologies are testing and validation, which require determining whether observed non-deterministic behavior is within acceptable limits. Traditional solution methods rely on the determinism of operations performed by the circuit under test, and are not applicable to probabilistic circuits, where signals are often described by probability distributions. We introduce a generic methodology for testing probabilistic circuits by approximating signal probability distributions using tomograms, which aggregate the outcomes of multiple, repeated test measurements. While the name comes from quantum computation, tomography is applicable to both quantum and non-quantum probabilistic circuits, as we demonstrate. Our methodology makes use of fault or error models that allow handling of large and complex circuits. We report the first experimental results on the tomographic testing of quantum and stochastic circuits.
한국과 일본 축제의 백제복식 재현에 관한 연구: 백제문화제와 사천왕사왔소축제의 행렬복식을 중심으로 (2011)

This study aimed to suggest more appropriate and accurate festival costumes based on a comparative analysis on various reproduced costumes and a period review of traditional festival costumes. In particular, the comparative analysis examined festival costumes which appeared in Korean and Japanese festival parades during the Baekje Period. The Baekje Cultural and Sacheonwangsawasso Festivals were examined. A literature review as well as field research and digital restorative techniques were used in the study. The reproduction patterns of Baekje costumes from both festivals were compared with original Baekje costumes, demonstrating several differences in the configuration, material, color, and shape of the costumes in addition to the way they were worn. Based on the comparative analysis, Baekje costumes used in Festivals were grouped into three categories: King`s Costume, Queen`s Costume, and Government Official`s Costume. Dress sketches and 3D illustrations also have been presented.
A 0.025–0.45 W 60%-Efficiency Inductive-Coupling Power Transceiver With 5-Bit Dual-Frequency Feedforward Control for Non-Contact Memory Cards (2012)

A 0.025-0.45 W inductive-coupling power transceiver for non-contact memory applications is presented. To deal with sudden and large load variations and achieve high-efficiency, we propose a power transceiver with 5-bit feedforward control. Knowing that load patterns of a memory card have strong correlation with commands issued by a host, feedforward control is applied to minimize response times. To achieve 5-bit power levels, the proposed transceiver utilizes pulse-density modulation (PDM) and a multi-channel structure. Different operation frequencies are chosen for each channel to maximize power transfer efficiency. To further improve transceiver efficiency and enable high-speed operation, an active rectifier with a fast positive feedback is proposed. The test prototype demonstrates 40%-70% efficiency across all load conditions and 60% efficiency in average, which are over an order of magnitude improvements compared to prior arts.
Antibacterial Properties of Hemp and Other Natural Fibre Plants: A Review (2014)

Intervention against pathogenic bacteria using natural plant material has a long history. Plant materials also have been widely used as fillers and/or reinforcers in polymer composites. Some natural fibre plants, such as hemp, are regarded to possess antibacterial activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. Innovative applications can be explored if they are incorporated in polymer composites. This review aims to compile the relevant investigations on antibacterial activity of hemp and other fibre plants such as jute, flax, kenaf, sisal, and bamboo. The antibacterial character might be contributed from cannabinoids, alkaloids, other bioactive compounds, or phenolic compounds of lignin. This review is intended to encourage utilization of hemp and other natural fibre plants in value-added diversified products. Some potential applications are also discussed.
Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of a new redox-active calix[5]arene containing a totally included ethanol molecule (1995)

A novel p-tert-butylcalix[5]arene trisferrocenoyl ester molecule L has been prepared; the X-ray crystal structure of the ethanol complex of L reveals the guest molecule bound deep in the cavity of the calix[5]arene.
Effect of Wetting Agents on Electrodeposition of Nickel (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of Wetting Agents on Electrodeposition of NickelRogers F. Davis, Kathryn M. Wolfe, and Wesley G. FranceCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1941, 33, 12, 1546–1548Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50384a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50384a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Generation of Novel Anti-BTLA Monoclonal Antibodies for <i>In Vivo</i> Use and Their Functional Testing at Near-physiological Conditions (2009)

We have generated and characterized a panel of monoclonal antibodies recognizing B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), a transmembrane protein expressed on essentially all lymphoid cells. One of the monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) detects for the first time all BTLA protein variants described for various mouse strains with high sensitivity, both in flow cytometry and immunohistology. Further tests have determined that this MAb recognizes a BTLA epitope independent of the HVEM binding site. Moreover, we identified a number of antibodies capable of efficiently blocking the interaction of BTLA with its ligand herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM). A series of experiments was performed with these MAbs at near-physiological conditions to assess their blocking potential in vivo. These tests, performed with whole MAbs and also their F(ab)(2) formats, revealed that measurements of binding at 37 degrees C to primary cells expressing the target protein on the cell surface offer superior information on their blocking capacity. The generated BTLA-specific MAb will be used for in vivo studies to further elucidate the biological role of BTLA-HVEM interaction and function in vivo.
Opposing Roles of the <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Virulence Regulators, Agr and Sar, in Triton X-100- and Penicillin-Induced Autolysis (1998)

The regulation of murein hydrolases is a critical aspect of peptidoglycan growth and metabolism. In the present study, we demonstrate that mutations within the Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor regulatory genes, agr and sar, affect autolysis, resulting in decreased and increased autolysis rates, respectively. Zymographic analyses of these mutant strains suggest that agr and sar exert their effects on autolysis, in part, by modulating murein hydrolase expression and/or activity.
Prediction of protein structure from amino acid sequence. (1986)

Methods of predicting protein conformation from amino acid sequence are reviewed. Several widely used algorithms to predict local secondary structure are first discussed. Four general approaches to predict the tertiary structure are then described: (1) energy calculations from an open chain; (2) recognition of sequence homology with a known structure; (3) uses of a sequence template that dictates a particular fold; (4) docking alpha-helices and beta-strands. Throughout this review, the likely success of these methods is considered.
Identification of a New Source of Contamination of <i>Quercus sp.</i> Oak Wood by 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole and Its Impact on the Contamination of Barrel-Aged Wines (2010)

Thanks to practical experience in various wineries in recent years, it is now clear that, similarly to the well-known phenomenon in corks, there are several sources of unpredictable contamination of oak wood by 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA). TCA affects staves in the same barrel very sporadically, with extremely limited contaminated areas on the surface that may reach several millimeters in depth. The precise origin of the TCP and TCA in oak wood is not known at this stage. Available data indicate that the phase where stavewood is naturally dried and seasoned is the source of these undesirable organochlorine contaminants. The strictly chemical formation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), derived from organochlorine biocides, was demonstrated to be impossible under traditional cooperage conditions, and its accumulation remained highly improbable. Similarly to previous discoveries in corks, all the analyses of oak wood suggested that the TCP was of biochemical origin. The capacity to biomethylate chlorophenols is well-known and relatively widespread among the usual microflora in stavewood, but the precise origin of the intermediary leading to TCP formation is still unknown. One probable hypothesis is that this reaction involves chloroperoxidase (CPO). Several ideas have been proposed, but the microorganisms responsible for the formation of the TCA precursor in oak wood have not yet been identified. The extent of this problem is still severely underestimated by coopers and barrel-users, due to the extremely unpredictable, localized contamination of the staves.
Infant and perinatal mortality in the United States. (1965)

This report based on existing mortality data analyzes trends in infant and perinatal mortality from the late 1930s to early 1960s reviews the relationship of medical resources and health programs to obstetric and pediatric services and projects the future course of infant mortality in the US. The large declines in infant mortality registered before 1950 slowed down appreciably in the 1950s and early 1960s. This pattern was evident across racial and geographic lines and for most of the important causes of death. However 3 groups of infants were identified as at especially high risk: 1) nonwhites whose death rate was almost twice that of white infants; 2) those weighing 2500 gm or less at birth with a death rate 22 times that of heavier infants; and 3) those born to mothers with a previous pregnancy terminating in fetal death producing a neonatal or fetal mortality risk twice that of other infants. Trends noted in medical manpower resources and health programs included increases in the supply of gynecologists-obstetricians and pediatricians but decreases in the number of general practitioners increased use of hospital facilities for childbirth dramatic increases in health and medical care expenditures and more specialized maternal and child health programs. A partial explanation for the contrast between the economic and medical advances during the 1950s and the poor infant mortality performance concerns the inability of community facilities to respond to the rapid influx of nonwhites into metropolitan areas. About 30% of infant deaths are a attributable to environmental conditions or factors reflecting the quality of medical care. A halving of the mortality due to infectious diseases accidents and neonatal disorders resulting from maternal disorders would reduce infant mortality from 25.3/1000 (1962) to 22.5/1000. Further reductions can be achieved through a decrease in the frequency of prematurity. Thus an infant mortality rate of 20/1000 is considered to be a realistic goal for the future. Its attainment is dependent on community action programs directed at the groups at highest risk and more basic research on the etiology of fetal loss.
COPI-independent Anterograde Transport: Cargo-selective ER to Golgi Protein Transport in Yeast COPI Mutants (1997)

The coatomer (COPI) complex mediates Golgi to ER recycling of membrane proteins containing a dilysine retrieval motif. However, COPI was initially characterized as an anterograde-acting coat complex. To investigate the direct and primary role(s) of COPI in ER/Golgi transport and in the secretory pathway in general, we used PCR-based mutagenesis to generate new temperature-conditional mutant alleles of one COPI gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, SEC21 (gamma-COP). Unexpectedly, all of the new sec21 ts mutants exhibited striking, cargo-selective ER to Golgi transport defects. In these mutants, several proteins (i.e., CPY and alpha-factor) were completely blocked in the ER at nonpermissive temperature; however, other proteins (i.e., invertase and HSP150) in these and other COPI mutants were secreted normally. Nearly identical cargo-specific ER to Golgi transport defects were also induced by Brefeldin A. In contrast, all proteins tested required COPII (ER to Golgi coat complex), Sec18p (NSF), and Sec22p (v-SNARE) for ER to Golgi transport. Together, these data suggest that COPI plays a critical but indirect role in anterograde transport, perhaps by directing retrieval of transport factors required for packaging of certain cargo into ER to Golgi COPII vesicles. Interestingly, CPY-invertase hybrid proteins, like invertase but unlike CPY, escaped the sec21 ts mutant ER block, suggesting that packaging into COPII vesicles may be mediated by cis-acting sorting determinants in the cargo proteins themselves. These hybrid proteins were efficiently targeted to the vacuole, indicating that COPI is also not directly required for regulated Golgi to vacuole transport. Additionally, the sec21 mutants exhibited early Golgi-specific glycosylation defects and structural aberrations in early but not late Golgi compartments at nonpermissive temperature. Together, these studies demonstrate that although COPI plays an important and most likely direct role both in Golgi-ER retrieval and in maintenance/function of the cis-Golgi, COPI does not appear to be directly required for anterograde transport through the secretory pathway.
The hazards of radiation. (1962)

Discussion is given on radioactive fall-out and the geneti effects of radiation. The subjects are discussed from the ' nuclear medicine point of view, and some positive aspects of nuclear medicine are emphasized. In particular, scientific results, which are misunderstood, are evaluated. (P.C.H.)
Orbitron Vacuum Pump (1965)

A pump was constructed in a casing 10 cm in diam in which electrons are orbited around a central anode consisting of a tungsten rod supporting a titanium cylinder. Electrons have mean free paths of several hundred centimeters, they ionize inert gas and they heat the titanium cylinder to give sublimation. Some values determined for pumping speeds when sublimation rate is sufficient are 900 liters/sec for hydrogen, 500 liters/sec for nitrogen, 300 liters/sec for air, and 7 liters/sec for argon. Sticking probabilities were measured for active gases and for inert gas ions as a function of the ratio of atoms of gas bound to atoms of titanium deposited. The pump is very stable in operation; it is simple and dependable.