gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of acceptors in Mg-doped GaN grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1996)

The activation kinetics of acceptors was investigated for heteroepitaxial layers of GaN, doped with Mg. After growth, the samples were exposed to isochronal rapid thermal anneals in the temperature range from 500 to 775 °C. The samples were studied by variable temperature Hall effect measurements and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy in the as-grown condition and after each temperature step. The thermal treatment reduced the resistivity by six orders of magnitude and the p-type conductivity was found to be dominated by an acceptor with an activation energy of ∼170 meV. This acceptor is attributed to Mg atoms substituting for Ga in the GaN lattice and the activation process is consistent with dissociation of electrically inactive Mg–H complexes. It is shown that the appearance of a blue emission band in the PL spectrum of Mg-doped GaN does not directly correlate with the increase in p-type conductivity.
Evaluation of a novel surface acoustic wave gyroscope (2002)

A novel type of gyroscope sensor using metal dot arrays on the surface of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device has recently been independently proposed. In this paper, we report experimental trials of several devices fabricated to evaluate the effects described and also an order-of-magnitude estimate of the sensitivity to be expected. The conclusions are that this device is extremely insensitive as currently proposed.
Viscous to Inertial Crossover in Liquid Drop Coalescence (2011)

Using an electrical method and high-speed imaging, we probe drop coalescence down to 10 ns after the drops touch. By varying the liquid viscosity over two decades, we conclude that, at a sufficiently low approach velocity where deformation is not present, the drops coalesce with an unexpectedly late crossover time between a regime dominated by viscous and one dominated by inertial effects. We argue that the late crossover, not accounted for in the theory, can be explained by an appropriate choice of length scales present in the flow geometry.
Realization of an Electrically Tunable Narrow-Bandwidth Atomically Thin Mirror Using Monolayer<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>MoSe</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2018)

The advent of two-dimensional semiconductors, such as van der Waals heterostructures, propels new research directions in condensed matter physics and enables development of novel devices with unique functionalities. Here, we show experimentally that a monolayer of MoSe_{2} embedded in a charge controlled heterostructure can be used to realize an electrically tunable atomically thin mirror, which effects 87% extinction of an incident field that is resonant with its exciton transition. The corresponding maximum reflection coefficient of 41% is only limited by the ratio of the radiative decay rate to the nonradiative linewidth of exciton transition and is independent of incident light intensity up to 400 W/cm^{2}. We demonstrate that the reflectivity of the mirror can be drastically modified by applying a gate voltage that modifies the monolayer charge density. Our findings could find applications ranging from fast programable spatial light modulators to suspended ultralight mirrors for optomechanical devices.
Rapid Differential Determination of Mixtures of Hydrazine and Hydroxylamine by Potentiometric Titration with an Iodide Ion-selective Electrode (1982)

Abstract A rapid method has been established for determination of mixtures of hydrazine and hydroxylamine by potentiometric titration using an iodide ion-selective electrode. Accurate values are obtainable when nitric acid is added to the sample solution. A recommended procedure is proposed in which the sum of hydrazine and hydroxylamine is titrated with an aliquot of sample solution and another aliquot is titrated to the end point for hydrazine after hydroxylamine has been decomposed with nitric acid. Hydrazine and hydroxylamine in mixture can be determined in the concentration range of 0.01–0.5 mmol/dm3. The best result, with relative error and relative standard deviation both of less than 0.7%, may be obtained on 0.5 mmol/dm3 hydrazine and hydroxylamine.
Cross-lingual keyword recommendation using latent topics (2010)

Multi-lingual text processing is important for content-based and hybrid recommender systems. It helps recommender systems extract content information from broader sources. It also enables systems to recommend items in a user's native language. We propose a cross-lingual keyword recommendation method, which is built on an extended latent Dirichlet allocation model, for extracting latent features from parallel corpora. With this model, the proposed method can recommend keywords from text written in different languages. We evaluate the proposed method using a cross-lingual bibliographic database that contains both English and Japanese abstracts and keywords and show that the proposed method can recommend keywords from abstracts in a cross-lingual environment with almost the same accuracy as in a monolingual environment.
The Opening Price Performance of Initial Public Offerings of Common Stock (1993)

Initial public offerings (IPOs) of common stock are followed in the immediate after market by sizeable increases in stock prices on average. The large initial returns of IPO shares have attracted a great deal of attention in the empirical and theoretical literature of finance, and IPOs are said to be underpriced because of their large initial returns. The dominant explanations of the underpricing phenomenon suggest that the initial returns should be earned by purchasers who buy shares in the initial offering rather than those who buy shares in the aftermarket. Since many shares experience a great deal of trading activity during their first day of trading, and since observers have noted that many purchasers almost immediately flip (i.e., resell) their shares, it is not obvious who gains from the underpricing of the IPOs. We resolve that issue by examining opening price data in contrast to the closing price data on which previous studies have been based. We examine 175 operating company IPOs and 54 closed-end fund IPOs over the two-year period from December 1988 through December 1990. We contrast the returns based on the offering price to the first day's closing price against the returns based on the offering price to the price of the first transaction of the day, and we also examine the intraday price on the first day of trades.
Segmentation of skull and scalp in 3‐D human MRI using mathematical morphology (2005)

We present a new technique for segmentation of skull and scalp in T(1)-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the human head. Our method uses mathematical morphological operations to generate realistic models of the skull, scalp, and brain that are suitable for electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) source modeling. We first segment the brain using our Brain Surface Extractor algorithm; using this, we can ensure that the brain does not intersect our skull segmentation. We next generate a scalp mask using a combination of thresholding and mathematical morphology. We use the scalp mask in our skull segmentation procedure, as it allows us to automatically exclude background voxels with intensities similar to those of the skull. We find the inner and outer skull boundaries using thresholding and morphological operations. Finally, we mask the results with the scalp and brain volumes to ensure closed and nonintersecting skull boundaries. Visual evaluation indicated accurate segmentations of the cranium at a gross anatomical level (other than small holes in the zygomatic bone in eight subjects) in all 44 MRI volumes processed when run using default settings. In a quantitative comparison with coregistered CT images as a gold standard, MRI skull segmentation accuracy, as measured using the Dice coefficient, was found to be similar to that which would be obtained using CT imagery with a registration error of 2-3 mm.
Dynamic properties of partly gain-coupled 1.55-μm DFB lasers (1995)

The lasing characteristics and dynamic properties of partly gain-coupled 1.55-/spl mu/m DFB lasers with a gain corrugation in the strained-layer MQW active region are presented. Narrow spectral linewidth, which is associated with the low linewidth enhancement factor, was experimentally measured. By analyzing data from RIN measurements, the damping rate, the damping factor, the intrinsic bandwidth and the effective differential gain were obtained. From the small-signal frequency response, a measured 3 dB bandwidth of 22 GHz at 10 mW output power was achieved. The high bandwidth is believed to be related to the high differential gain, resulting from the combination of longitudinal gain and index-coupling mechanisms and the reduction of the carrier transport time, which is due to an efficient lateral carrier injection along the longitudinal interface. Experimental results show that under 10 Gbit/s pseudorandom NRZ modulation, the devices have small wavelength chirp and clear eye openings making them suitable for long haul and high bit-rate applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Helmet mounted display supporting helicopter missions during en route flight and landing (2016)

Degraded visual environment is still a major problem for helicopter pilots especially during approach and landing. Particularly with regard to the landing phase, pilot’s eyes must be directed outward in order to find visual cues as indicators for drift estimation. If lateral speed exceeds the limits it can damage the airframe or in extreme cases lead to a rollover. Since poor visibility can contribute to a loss of situation awareness and spatial disorientation, it is crucial to intuitively provide the pilot with the essential visual information he needs for a safe landing. With continuous technology advancement helmet-mounted displays (HMD) will soon become a spreading technology, because look through capability is an enabler to offer monitoring the outside view while presenting flight phase depending symbologies on the helmet display. Besides presenting primary flight information, additional information for obstacle accentuation or terrain visualization can be displayed on the visor. Virtual conformal elements like 3D pathway depiction or a 3D landing zone representation can help the pilot to maintain control until touchdown even during poor visual conditions. This paper describes first investigations in terms of both en route and landing symbology presented on a helmet mounted display system in the scope of helicopter flight trials with DLR’s flying helicopter simulator ACT/FHS.
Infrared small-target detection using multiscale gray difference weighted image entropy (2016)

We propose an effective small-target detection approach based on weighted image entropy. The approach weights the local entropy measure by the multiscale grayscale difference followed by an adaptive threshold operation, which aims to improve the signal-to-noise ratio for cases in which jamming objects in the scene have similar thermal intensity measure with respect to the background as small target. The detection capability of the proposed approach has been validated on six real sequences, and the results demonstrate its significance and improvement.
Clock-skew constrained cell placement (2002)

We present a quadratic programming based placement method for cell based designs. The approach is performance oriented and addresses constraints like area, timing, and clock-skew. While area and timing has been addressed in quite a few recent studies, clock skew is being addressed in this paper for the first time. These an quite important issues in VLSI design as it is always desirable to optimize and realize as many constraints early on in the design cycle. This also provides tight integration with high level synthesis based designs. The quadratic programming based placement incorporates mechanisms for incorporating many constraints. The method has been experimentally tested on several medium sized benchmarks. It has resulted in layouts which on comparable or better than tools like TimberWolf in a time that is a small fraction of TimberWolf.
EDGE EXTRACTION ALGORITHM FOR FEATHER SEXING POULTRY CHICKS (1991)

ABSTRACT An investigation of methods to automate poultry chick sexing was performed and, as a result of the study, an algorithm for machine vision feather sexing was developed. The algorithm uses edge detection techniques applied to digitized images of the wing tips of feather-sexed chicks. Feather shaft lengths extracted by this method were then used to develop sample statistics to classify an individual image. A data set of 200 images (100 male and 100 female) was constructed, and various statistical tests were investigated to determine the accuracy of the algorithm for the sexing operation. Accuracies ranged from 50% to 89%, with the highest obtained from discriminant analysis. Several improvements are possible which may make such a technique a viable process for automating the sexing operation.
Advanced inorganic fibers: Processes, structures, properties and applications (1999)

This book serves as an introduction to advanced inorganic fibers and aims to support fundamental research, assist scientists and designers in industry, and facilitate materials science instruction in universities and colleges. its three main sections deal with fibers which are derived from the vapor phase such as single crystal silicon whiskers or carbon nanotubes, from the liquid phase such as advanced glass and single crystal oxide fibers, and from solid precursor fibers such as carbon and ceramic fibers. Contents include: advanced inorganic fibers; fibers from the vapor phase; fibers from the liquid phase; and fibers from solid precursor fibers.
[Mechanical strength and chemical stability of biodegradable block-polymerized and injection molded poly-L-lactide in vitro]. (1994)

Biodegradable poly-L-lactic acid rods made of block-polymerized material (BP; molecular weight 550,000) and injection-moulded rods with high (SGI; molecular weight 121,000) and low (SGA, molecular weight 118,000) molecular orientation were compared 2, 4 and 6 weeks after incubation in enzyme solutions with high hydrolytic activity (esterase, alpha chymotrypsin and peptidase) and in buffer solution (TRIS buffer). The molecular weight, modulus of elasticity, bending strength (three-point bending test), and cyclic bending load to failure applied to the rods in a newly developed testing machine (1 Hz, maximum 100,000 cycles) were compared. The molecular weight of BP material decreased to 36% after 2 weeks, in contrast to the injection-moulded materials, in which it decreased only to 66% even after 6 weeks. The bending strength of all specimen decreased significantly faster in alpha chymotrypsin than in the other media (MANOVA, P < 0.001). SGI had a significantly higher bending strength than SGA, and SGA a higher strength than BP. There was no difference after incubation in the other two enzymatic solutions. BP lost 80% of its initial bending strength (140 N/mm2) after 6 weeks, and SGI and SGA (120 N/mm2) only 20%. Under permanent cyclic loading BP initially resisted 100,000 cycles with an applied cyclic load of 12.5 N/mm2, decreasing after 6 weeks to only 9,500 cycles, in contrast to SGI and SGA, which resisted to 46,000 cycles. There was, however, no relevant difference in the mechanical characteristics of the two injection-moulded rods. These results confirm that BP is degraded significantly faster than SGA and SGI.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Real-world Evidence—What Does It Really Mean? (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Mineral magnetic record of the Chinese loess and paleosols (1991)

Research Article| January 01, 1991 Mineral magnetic record of the Chinese loess and paleosols Barbara A. Maher; Barbara A. Maher 1School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, England Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Roy Thompson Roy Thompson 2Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Barbara A. Maher 1School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, England Roy Thompson 2Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland Publisher: Geological Society of America First Online: 02 Jun 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 Geological Society of America Geology (1991) 19 (1): 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0003:MMROTC>2.3.CO;2 Article history First Online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Barbara A. Maher, Roy Thompson; Mineral magnetic record of the Chinese loess and paleosols. Geology 1991;; 19 (1): 3–6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0003:MMROTC>2.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract Variations in the magnetic susceptibility of the Chinese loess and its interbedded paleosols correlate strikingly well with the deep-sea oxygen isotope record. Low susceptibility values are found for the loess layers, and high values are found for the soil horizons. Two interpretative models have been advanced to account for these magnetic variations. Both of these models discount any significant in situ formation of magnetite during soil-forming periods. Instead, they infer relative concentration of detrital or atmospheric magnetite at these times. We critically examine the assumptions made in these models and, on the basis of some new mineral magnetic data and formalized magnetic flux calculations, offer an alternative explanation of the loess magnetic record. Our model identifies pedogenic formation of magnetite as the major contributor to the high magnetic susceptibility of the paleosols. The formation and preservation of this pedogenic magnetite is dependent on soil-forming conditions and hence reflects the regional climate. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Finding synonyms and other semantically-similar terms from coselection data (2013)

Clickthrough data has been proposed for numerous uses, and this paper describes how a special form of clickthough data, coselection data, can form non-ambiguous clusters that can then be used to detect semantic similarity between query terms. This semantic similarity assessment can be applied to distinct terms in the same language, giving rise to synonyms, or in different languages, indicating possible translations. It can determine alternative names or descriptors for items which do not occur in traditional thesauri, such as phrases, proper nouns or technical terms. The semantic similarity is calculated without any use of external reference materials and without any analysis of content.
현대후기 회화에서의 다문화적 Trauma역할 (2009)

This article, , is to provide a new understanding on diverse races and ethnic groups with strong appeals shown in late modern painting as ``multicultural trauma`` and to study the relationship between their role and phase change. Multicultural trauma is composed of two axes, that is multiculture and trauma. The roots of these two axes are in cultural diversity and psychological region resulting from relativity in late modern painting. While paid attention to artists who have been excluded from the ruling culture, imperfect balance between conflicts and confrontation of each culture is moved to a mobile balance in terms of contents. In expressions, multicultural trauma breaks away from absolute beauty or universal truth and, changes it into forms composed of subjective and mental projection in order to propose a new issue on race and class conflicts. These situations provide a direction of construction and propagation for a new artistic culture in late modern painting. As a method, the power of tradition settles into a new culture through accessories and oppositions of minorities` life after destruction of subordinate relationship with ruling culture. It is under the same scope as Derrida`s deconstructivism that exposed the logos-centered stratagem among post-modernistic discussions from the inside and as post-modern perspective of Lyotart which dismantled metaphysical philosophy. In connection with such, since multicultural trauma is an ultimate area and is related to the birth of a new culture, it pursued new artistic forms and genre in late modern painting. There are many characteristics of multicultural trauma that suggest the basis. First, multicultural trauma removed the barrier placed between genres, jumped over the boundary line and shortened their distances. Second, it is a spatial projection for idealogical escape from Western rationality through the motive force which deduces a new social structure. Third, by strategically filtering fantasies in a symbolic suppressive structure, impossible yet irresistible and irremovable desires can be temporarily suspended. In conclusion, multicultural trauma in late modern painting can be defined as overcoming inequalities and oppressions, removal of central bodies, and increasing the voices of surrounding individuals. Furthermore, multicultural trauma promotes an understanding of conflict structure between races and cultures. It was deduced as an art of social communities and a motive force that derives a new culture through experience of catharsis.