gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Some Mechanism Studies on the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Using C<sup>14</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Mechanism Studies on the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Using C14J. T. Kummer, T. W. DeWitt, and P. H. EmmettCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 11, 3632–3643Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01191a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01191a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views514Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expanded modeling of temperature-dependent dielectric properties for microwave thermal ablation (2011)

Microwaves are a promising source for thermal tumor ablation due to their ability to rapidly heat dispersive biological tissues, often to temperatures in excess of 100 °C. At these high temperatures, tissue dielectric properties change rapidly and, thus, so do the characteristics of energy delivery. Precise knowledge of how tissue dielectric properties change during microwave heating promises to facilitate more accurate simulation of device performance and helps optimize device geometry and energy delivery parameters. In this study, we measured the dielectric properties of liver tissue during high-temperature microwave heating. The resulting data were compiled into either a sigmoidal function of temperature or an integration of the time-temperature curve for both relative permittivity and effective conductivity. Coupled electromagnetic-thermal simulations of heating produced by a single monopole antenna using the new models were then compared to simulations with existing linear and static models, and experimental temperatures in liver tissue. The new sigmoidal temperature-dependent model more accurately predicted experimental temperatures when compared to temperature-time integrated or existing models. The mean percent differences between simulated and experimental temperatures over all times were 4.2% for sigmoidal, 10.1% for temperature-time integration, 27.0% for linear and 32.8% for static models at the antenna input power of 50 W. Correcting for tissue contraction improved agreement for powers up to 75 W. The sigmoidal model also predicted substantial changes in heating pattern due to dehydration. We can conclude from these studies that a sigmoidal model of tissue dielectric properties improves prediction of experimental results. More work is needed to refine and generalize this model.
Cloning and molecular characterization of the murine macrophage "68-kDa" protein kinase C substrate and its regulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. (1991)

We have isolated and characterized a cDNA clone encoding the murine macrophage 68-kDa protein kinase C substrate, which is homologous to the 80- to 87-kDa protein identified by the acronym MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate). The murine MARCKS cDNA clone encodes an acidic protein of 309 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 29,661. Transfection of the murine MARCKS gene into TK-L fibroblasts produced a myristoylated protein kinase C substrate that migrated on SDS/PAGE with an apparent molecular mass of 68 kDa. Peptide mapping studies indicated that MARCKS produced by the transfected gene was indistinguishable from the endogenous murine macrophage protein. Comparison of the murine macrophage sequence with the previously published chicken and bovine brain sequences revealed two conserved domains: an N-terminal membrane-binding domain and a phosphorylation domain that also contains calmodulin and actin binding sites. In murine peritoneal macrophages, bacterial lipopolysaccharide increased MARCKS mRNA levels by greater than 30-fold. Multiple MARCKS transcripts were observed and could be accounted for by differential polyadenylylation and incomplete processing. Genomic Southern blot analysis suggested a single MARCKS gene per haploid genome.
Sound acquisition in noisy and reverberant environments using virtual microphones (2013)

In hands-free communication applications, the main goal is to capture desired sounds, while reducing noise and interfering sounds. However, for natural-sounding telepresence systems, the spatial sound image should also be preserved. Using a recently proposed method for generating the signal of a virtual microphone (VM), one can recreate the sound image from an arbitrary point of view in the sound scene (e.g., close to a desired speaker), while being able to place the physical microphones outside the sound scene. In this paper, we present a method for synthesizing a VM signal in noisy and reverberant environments, where the estimation of the required direct and diffuse sound components is performed using two multichannel linear filters. The direct sound component is estimated using a multichannel Wiener filter, while the diffuse sound component is estimated using a linearly constrained minimum variance filter followed by a single-channel Wiener filter. Simulations in a noisy and reverberant environment show the applicability of the proposed method for sound acquisition in a scenario in which two microphone arrays are installed in a large TV.
Thioglycollate peritonitis in mice lacking C5, 5-lipoxygenase, or p47<i>phox</i>: complement, leukotrienes, and reactive oxidants in acute inflammation (2002)

Leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) is an easily diffusible proinflammatory chemotactic factor that has been posited to prime the initial inflammatory response for the action of other mediators, including C5a. 5-Lipoxygenase-deficient (5LX(-/-)) and C5-deficient mice only generated about 50% as much peritoneal leukocytosis as wild-type mice following intraperitoneal (IP) challenge with the sterile irritant, thioglycollate (P<0.005). Pretreatment of C5- mice with the specific 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, zileuton, reduced peritoneal leukocytosis to almost unstimulated levels, suggesting that LTB(4) can act independently of C5a. Previously, LTB(4) and C5a have been shown in vitro to be inactivated by metabolites of superoxide. In the current study, we examined the fate of LTB(4) in the p47(phox-/-) mouse model of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) in which the phagocyte NADPH oxidase is unable to produce superoxide. p47(phox-/-) mice generated more thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal leukocytosis than wild-type mice. Pretreatment with zileuton caused a 76% reduction in peritoneal leukocytosis in p47(phox-/-) mice (P<0.005) and a 54% reduction in wild-type mice (P<0.05), whereas pretreatment with dexamethasone or toradol (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) had no effect. Following IP LTB(4) (1 microg/mouse), total recovered peritoneal LTB(4) was similar between p47(phox-/-) and wild-type mice at 10 and 30 min, but was approximately fivefold greater in p47(phox-/-) mice at 180 min. These data suggest that LTB(4) and C5a have separate but overlapping roles in thioglycollate-elicited peritonitis, and at least the leukotriene component is, in turn, regulated by reactive oxidants.
Nitric Oxide Inhibits Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Replication and Activation of Latent EBV (1995)

Nitric oxide (NO), a mediator of biological functions, has antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens including viruses. Effects of NO donors on EBV replication in two EBV lytic systems, Raji cells infected with P3HR-1 virus and P3HR-1 cells activated with TPA plus n-butyrate, were studied. S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), which generates NO when placed in an aqueous solution, and 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), which liberates NO and O2-, resulting in the formation of peroxynitrite, were used as NO donors. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that in superinfected Raji cells, SNAP inhibited EBV late protein synthesis but not EBV early protein expression. Analysis of the structure of EBV DNA termini demonstrated that SNAP suppressed the amplification of EBV DNA in superinfected Raji cells at a dose which did not affect synthesis of EBV early proteins required for EBV DNA replication. In TPA plus n-butyrate-treated P3HR-1 cells, SNAP inhibited synthesis of both early and late proteins of EBV. Northern blot analysis of RNA expressed in TPA plus n-butyrate-treated P3HR-1 cells demonstrated that expression of EBV immediate-early mRNAs coded from BZLF1 and BRLF1 genes was inhibited by SNAP. SIN-1 showed no or little effect on EBV replication in both cell systems. Cell viability and cellular protein synthesis were not affected by either NO donor under the conditions used. These findings suggest that NO prevents EBV replication by inhibiting EBV DNA amplification during the lytic phase of the life cycle as well as by blocking activation of the latent EBV genome. The mechanism for inhibiting of EBV replication by NO was discussed in relation to the role of NO in EBV latency in vivo.
Trailing Vortex Measurements in the Wake of a Hovering Rotor Blade with Various Tip Shapes (2003)

This work examined the wake aerodynamics of a sin-gle helicopter rotor blade with several tip shapes operat-ing on a hover test stand. Velocity eld measurements were conducted using three-component laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). The objective of these measure-ments was to document the vortex velocity proles and then extract the core properties, such as the core radius, peak swirl velocity, and axial velocity. The measured test cases covered a wide range of wake-ages and several tip shapes, including rectangular, tapered, swept, and a subwing tip. One of the primary differences shown by the change in tip shape was the wake geometry. The effect of blade taper reduced the initial peak swirl veloc-ity by a signicant fraction. It appears that this is ac-complished by decreasing the vortex strength for a given blade loading. The subwing measurements showed that the interaction and merging of the subwing and primary vortices created a less coherent vortical structure. A source of vortex core instability is shown to be the ra-tio of the peak swirl velocity to the axial velocity decit. The results show that if there is a turbulence producing
Exploring the past with Google Cardboard (2015)

Combining digital reconstruction with mobile technologies has the potential of enriching visitors experience to historic sites. Through designing a mobile App with Google Cardboard it is possible to use technology already in peoples' pockets to provide immersive on-site exploration of historic sites. This paper looks at our experience in developing such a mobile App which acts as a digital guided tour of the remains of St Andrews Cathedral. The App brings together traditional media such as audio, images, panoramas, 3D video and 4π Steradian (or 360°) video with a mobile smartphone and Google Cardboard to provide a tour of one of Scotland's most important historic sites. The mobile App is available from both Google Play and iTunes, providing direct delivery to a potential audience of millions. It complements the location-aware mediaeval St Andrews App, which provides a guided tour to the town of St Andrews as a whole. In the absence of Google Cardboard the App is still useful providing both visual content and audio commentary on this historic monument.
A new synthetic elastomer based on a chlorophosphonated polyolefin. II. Effect of polyolefin structure on vulcanizate properties (1961)

Abstract The paper describes the effect of ethylene‐propylene copolymer structure on the properties of vulcanized, chlorophosphonated ethylene–propylene copolymer. The crystallinity of copolymer has a marked effect on vulcanizate properties. The more crystalline the copolymer, the higher hysteresis values and permanent set are for the vulcanizate. The catalyst used for the copolymerization of ethylene and propylene affects crystallinity markedly, titanium trichloride as a catalyst component giving a more crystalline copolymer than does the use of vanadium salts. Copolymer molecular weight has an effect on vulcanizate tensile strength but no effect on heat stability, elongation, and hysteresis loss.
Image quality assessment based on harmonics gain/loss information (2005)

We present an objective reduced-reference image quality assessment method based on harmonic gain/loss information through a discriminative analysis of local harmonic strength (LHS). The LHS is computed from the gradient of images, and its value represents a relative degree of the appearance of blockiness on images when it is related to energy gain within an image. Furthermore, comparison between local harmonic strength values from an original, distortion-free image and a degraded, processed, or compressed version of the image shows that the LHS can also be used to indicate other types of degradations, such as blurriness that corresponds with energy loss. Our simulations show that we can develop a single metric based on this gain/loss information and use it to rate the quality of images encoded by various encoders such as DCT-based JPLG, wavelet-based JPLG 2000, or various processed images. We show that our method can overcome some limitations of the traditional PSNR.
Principles of Long Noncoding RNA Evolution Derived from Direct Comparison of Transcriptomes in 17 Species (2015)

The inability to predict long noncoding RNAs from genomic sequence has impeded the use of comparative genomics for studying their biology. Here, we develop methods that use RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data to annotate the transcriptomes of 16 vertebrates and the echinoid sea urchin, uncovering thousands of previously unannotated genes, most of which produce long intervening noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs). Although in each species, >70% of lincRNAs cannot be traced to homologs in species that diverged >50 million years ago, thousands of human lincRNAs have homologs with similar expression patterns in other species. These homologs share short, 5'-biased patches of sequence conservation nested in exonic architectures that have been extensively rewired, in part by transposable element exonization. Thus, over a thousand human lincRNAs are likely to have conserved functions in mammals, and hundreds beyond mammals, but those functions require only short patches of specific sequences and can tolerate major changes in gene architecture.
Rapid Identification of Biothreat and Other Clinically Relevant Bacterial Species by Use of Universal PCR Coupled with High-Resolution Melting Analysis (2009)

A rapid assay for eubacterial species identification is described using high-resolution melt analysis to characterize PCR products. Unique melt profiles generated from multiple hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene for 100 clinically relevant bacterial pathogens, including category A and B biothreat agents and their surrogates, allowed highly specific species identification.
Application of the Caustics Method to Bending Problem of Circular Plates with Clamped Edges. (1996)

The optical method of caustics is extended to the bending problem of circular plates with clamped edges under uniform loading on their lateral surfaces. The complete theory of caustics for this problem including predictions of the initial curve, caustic shape and properties, as well as a corresponding measurement method, is presented and investigated. Using this method, it is possible to determine the existing lateral load of the plate, flexural rigidity of the plate, and the bending moments in the plate. Two kinds of plate (polycarbonate, stainless) are used for the research. It is shown that the experimental results for the bending moment are in good agreement with theoretital values, and measured values for lateral load agree well with values obtained using the precision pressure gauges.
A logic database system with extended functionality (2002)

We present the architecture and design details of a logic database system that extends functionality in a number of ways. The system supports indefinite (non Horn) facts in extensional database (EDB) and existential quantification in intensional database (IDB) rules. Semantic query optimization is integrated as part of the query processing module. The system also deals with efficient rule management for IDB and integrity constraints (IC). The proposed system supports the following database: the EDB consists of a set of positive ground formula, not necessarily Horn; the IDB includes rules that are Horn and may have existential quantifiers. The IC includes range restricted Horn clauses with no existential quantification.
Corrosion damage detection with piezoelectric wafer active sensors (2004)

Since today's aging fleet is intended to far exceed their proposed design life, monitoring the structural integrity of those aircraft has become a priority issue for today's Air Force. One of the most critical structural problems is corrosion. In fact the KC-135 now costs $1.2 billion a year to repair corrosion. In this paper, we plan to show the use of Lamb waves to detect material loss in thin plates representative of aircraft skins. To do this we will use embedded transducers called Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensor (PWAS) in a pitch-catch configuration. The sensors were placed on a grid pattern. Material loss through corrosion was simulated by removing the material mechanically with an abrasive tool. Thus, simulated corrosion pits of various depths and area coverage were made. Three-count tone burst wave packets were used. The Lamb wave packets were sent in a pitch-catch mode from one transmitter PWAS to the other PWAS in the grid acting as receivers. The Lamb wave mode used in these experiments was A<sub>1</sub>, since this was found to be more sensitive to changes due to material loss. At the frequencies considered in our experiments, the A<sub>1</sub> waves are highly dispersive. It was found that, as the Lamb wave travels through simulated corrosion damage, the signal changes. The observed changes were in the signal wavelength (due to change in the dispersive properties of the medium) and in signal amplitude (due to redistribution of energy in the wave packet). This change in signal can be correlated to the magnitude of damage. To achieve this, we have used several approaches: (a) direct correlation between the sent and the received signals; (b) wavelet transform of the signal followed by correlation of the wavelet coefficients time-frequency maps; (c) Hilbert transform of the signal to produce the signal envelope and comparison of the resulting envelope signals (d) neural network correlation between the sent and received signals. It was found that these methods work well together in a complementary way.
Serum creatine kinase BB isoenzyme as a diagnostic aid in occult small cell lung cancer (1985)

Four patients with metastatic small cell carcinoma of the lung who had initial chest x-rays that did not reveal the cancer showed striking elevations of serum creatine kinase BB isoenzyme, which suggested the diagnosis and directed the subsequent evaluation. Creatine kinase BB isoenzyme elevation with widespread small cell carcinoma of the lung is probably more common than currently recognized, and is a useful diagnostic indicator for extensive stage small cell lung cancer, even in the absence of central nervous system metastases.
Transmission of UAV videos based On HEVC (2017)

To meet the requirement of high-quality transmission of videos captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with low bandwidth, a novel rate control (RC) scheme based on region-ofinterest (ROI) is proposed. First, the ROI information is sent to the encoder with the latest high efficient video coding (HEVC) standard to generate an ROI map. Then, by using the ROI map, bit allocation methods are developed at frame level and large coding unit (LCU) level, to avoid inaccurate bit allocation produced by camera movement. At last, by using a better robustness R- model, the quantization parameter (QP) for each LCU is calculated. The experimental results show that the proposed RC method can get a lower bit rate error and a higher quality for reconstructed video by choosing appropriate pixel weight on the HEVC platform
High-capacity and selective ammonium removal from water using sodium cobalt hexacyanoferrate (2018)

A new NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> adsorbent with high capacity and selectivity, sodium cobalt(ii) hexacyanoferrate(ii) (NaCoHCF, Na <sub><i>y</i></sub> Co(ii) [Fe<sup>2+</sup>(CN)<sub>6</sub>] <sub><i>x</i></sub> ·<i>z</i>H<sub>2</sub>O), was prepared. The adsorption performance was investigated by varying the mixing ratio of [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>4-</sup> to Co<sup>2+</sup> during synthesis, <i>R</i> <sub>mix</sub>. The ammonia capacity was found to be proportional to <i>R</i> <sub>mix</sub>, indicating that the NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> capacity can be increased by increasing the Na<sup>+</sup>-ion content in NaCoHCF. To conduct a detailed study, we prepared homogeneous nanoparticles by flow synthesis using a micromixer with <i>R</i> <sub>mix</sub> = 1.00. Even on the addition of a saline solution (NaCl) with an Na<sup>+</sup>-ion concentration of 9350 mg L<sup>-1</sup>, the capacity was maintained: <i>q</i> <sub>max</sub> = 4.28 mol kg<sup>-1</sup>. Using Markham-Benton analysis, the selectivity factor, defined by the ratio of equilibrium constants for NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> to that for Na<sup>+</sup>, was calculated to be <i>α</i> = 96.2, and 4.36 mol kg<sup>-1</sup> was found to be the maximum capacity. The high selectivity of NaCoHCF results in good NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup>-adsorption performance, even from seawater. In comparison with other adsorbents under the same conditions and even for a NH<sub>4</sub>Cl solution, NaCoHCF showed the highest capacity. Moreover, the coexisting Na<sup>+</sup> caused no interference with the adsorption of ammonium by NaCoHCF, whereas the other adsorbents adsorbed ammonia only slightly from the saline solution. We also found that the pores for NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> adsorption changed their sizes and shapes after adsorption.
A novel role for the yeast protein kinase Dbf2p in vacuolar H+-ATPase function and sorbic acid stress tolerance (2007)

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the serine-threonine protein kinase activity of Dbf2p is required for tolerance to the weak organic acid sorbic acid. Here we show that Dbf2p is required for normal phosphorylation of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) A and B subunits Vma1p and Vma2p. Loss of V-ATPase activity due to bafilomycin treatment or deletion of either VMA1 or VMA2 resulted in sorbic acid hypersensitivity and impaired vacuolar acidification, phenotypes also observed in both a kinase-inactive dbf2 mutant and cells completely lacking DBF2 (dbf2Delta). Crucially, VMA2 is a multicopy suppressor of both the sorbic acid-sensitive phenotype and the impaired vacuolar-acidification defect of dbf2Delta cells, confirming a functional interaction between Dbf2p and Vma2p. The yeast V-ATPase is therefore involved in mediating sorbic acid stress tolerance, and we have shown a novel and unexpected role for the cell cycle-regulated protein kinase Dbf2p in promoting V-ATPase function.