gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synergy, Pharmacodynamics, and Time-Sequenced Ultrastructural Changes of the Interaction between Nikkomycin Z and the Echinocandin FK463 against <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> (2001)

We investigated the potential synergy between two cell wall-active agents, the echinocandin FK463 (FK) and the chitin synthase inhibitor nikkomycin Z (NZ), against 16 isolates of filamentous fungi. Susceptibility testing was performed with a broth macrodilution procedure by NCCLS methods. The median minimal effective concentration (MEC) of FK against all Aspergillus species was 0.25 microg/ml (range, 0.05 to 0.5 microg/ml). For Fusarium solani and Rhizopus oryzae, MECs of FK were >512 microg/ml. The median MEC of NZ against Aspergillus fumigatus was 32 microg/ml (range, 8 to 64 microg/ml), and that against R. oryzae was 0.5 microg/ml (range, 0.06 to 2 microg/ml); however, for the other Aspergillus species, as well as F. solani, MECs were >512 microg/ml. A checkerboard inhibitory assay demonstrated synergy against A. fumigatus (median fractional inhibitory concentration index = 0.312 [range, 0.15 to 0.475]). The effect was additive to indifferent against R. oryzae and indifferent against other Aspergillus spp. and F. solani. We further investigated the pharmacodynamics of hyphal damage by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay and examined the time-sequenced changes in hyphal ultrastructure. Significant synergistic hyphal damage was demonstrated with the combination of NZ (2 to 32 microg/ml) and FK (0.03 to 0.5 microg/ml) over a wide range of concentrations (P < 0.001). The synergistic effect was most pronounced after 12 h of incubation and was sustained through 24 h. Time-sequenced light and electron microscopic studies demonstrated that structural alterations of hyphae were profound, with marked transformation of hyphae to blastospore-like structures, in the presence of FK plus NZ, while fungi treated with a single drug showed partial recovery at 24 h. The methods used in this study may be applicable to elucidating the activity and interaction of other cell wall-active agents. In summary, these two cell wall-targeted antifungal agents, FK and NZ, showed marked time-dependent in vitro synergistic activity against A. fumigatus.
Une approche statistique de la performance en analyse sensorielle descriptive (2006)

This article presents a whole of tools and methods allowing to evaluate the performance of a panel in sensory analysis. Analyses of variance carried out by descriptor allow to evaluate the discriminating capacity, the repeatability and the homogeneity of the panel. Other analyzes, carried out by descriptor and by panellist, allow to evaluate the discriminating capacity of each panellist and his agreement with the panel considered as a whole. Summary tables and multidimensional analyzes provide syntheses of these many results per descriptor. A performance evaluation of the panel by sensory profile (i.e by taking account simultaneously of all the descriptors) supplements the evaluation. We illustrate the methodology suggested using an example in which a panel made up of students tasted eight cookies.
Evaluating ALPHAN: A Communication Protocol for Haptic Interaction (2008)

In our previous work we introduced a novel application layer protocol, named ALPHAN, for haptic data communication. The protocol is characterized by three distinguished features: first, it is designed at the application layer to enable the application to define and control the networking parameters. Second, it is made highly customizable using XML-based descriptions. Finally, the protocol supports multi-buffering mechanisms to prioritize the communicated information. In this paper, we present a thorough evaluation of the protocol using a collaborative haptic game; the balance ball game that we developed is for this purpose. The performance metrics and the test bed of the protocol evaluation are also discussed. Finally, we comment on our findings and provide directions for prospective research.
Biological Control of<i>Eutypa lata</i>on Grapevine by an Antagonistic Strain of<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1991)

An isolate of Bacillus subtilis from grapevine wood inhibited in vitro growth of Eutypa lata, the causal organism of dieback in grapevines. On potato-dextrose agar, the bacterium caused 91.4% inhibition of mycelial growth of E. lata and 100% inhibition of ascospore germination. Ascospore germination correlated negatively with time of exposure to B. subtilis. Malformation of hyphae of E. lata occured in the presence of B. subtilis. At a concentration of ≥0.8 mg/ml, an antibiotic substance in an ethanol extract from B subtilis totally inhibited germination of ascospores E. lata (...)
Inhibition of <italic>Proteus vulgaris</italic> Urease by Hydroxamic Acids<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>*</sup></xref> (1967)

Investigations were made of the inhibitory effects of hydroxamic acids on partially purified urease [EC 3.5.1.5] extracted fromProteus vulgaris OX19 and on the ureolytic activity of the intact cell. 1.The inhibition was progressive with time and affected by reaction temperature. The inhibition by caprylohydroxamic acid on cell-free urease activity was not affected by cysteine. Caprylohydroxamic acid was found to be the most patient inhibitor showing an apparent I* value of 8.0*10−7M for the cell-free enzyme and 6.0*10minus;6M for intact cell, although its effect on bacterial urease was considerably less than that on plant urease (I*9.3*10minus;8M).The difference in the inhibitory effect of benzohydroxamic acid on the two enzymes was even more pronounced, withI*2.5*10minus;5M for bacterial urease and I*3.8*10minus;7M for plant urease. These results suggest that the active site of bacterial urease differs in its affinity to phenyl group from that of plant urease. 2.A rather broad optimal p*H range (p*H 8.0-9.0) of inhibition was observed, which closely resembled that of the enzymatic activity. This resemblance suggests that hydroxamic acid combines with the active site of bacterial urease. 3. The increase of carbon number of n-aliphatic hydroxamic acid led to maximum inhibition at C*8 derivative and then to a remarkable decrease in their inhibitory power. Among o- or p-substituents of benzo-hydroxamic acid with -CH2,-CL, -NO2, -OH, -OCH3, and -OC49, p-substituted derivatives showed almost the same inhibitory powers as benzohydroxamic acid, whereas o-substituted derivatives were markedly less inhibitory towards both cell-free and intact cell systems. Among the pyridine derivatives tested, nicotinohydroxamic acid was the most potent inhibitor for both systems, which suggests that the position of basic group has a significant influence on the inhibitory power of hydroxamic acid derivatives.
Undervoltage load shedding improving security as reasonable measure for extreme contingencies (2005)

This paper highlights the effectiveness of undervoltage load shedding as reasonable measures to avoid cascading such as August 14/sup th/ outage against extreme contingencies. The security of decentralized UVLS program can be improved without degrading dependability by adding continuous voltage decay detection technique, on which TEPCO has long history. Observations on August 14/sup th/ outage and existing UVLS applications are also covered as related topics.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Processible Conducting Copolymers Derived from Thiophenes (1996)

Various poly(3-decylthiophene-co-3,3‘-dibutoxy-2,2‘-bithiophene)s and poly(4,4‘-didecyl-2,2‘-bithiophene-co-3,3‘-dibutoxy-2,2‘-bithiophene)s have been chemically prepared using iron trichloride as oxidizing agent in chloroform. These copolymers should combine the excellent electrical properties of alkoxy-substituted polythiophenes with the good processibility of alkyl-substituted polythiophenes. All copolymers of the first series have shown a good solubility in chloroform but reduced electrical conductivities (10-3−10-1 S/cm) when compared to the homolymers (5−140 S/cm). This behavior has been explained by an inhomogeneous distribution of the four different electroactive moieties (triads) found in these copolymers and, consequently, to a localization of the charge carriers created upon oxidation. In contrast, poly(4,4‘-didecyl-2,2‘-bithiophene-co-3,3‘-dibutoxy-2,2‘-bithiophene)s have exhibited both excellent processibility and electrical properties. Electrical conductivities up to 30 S/cm have been observed in some of these copolymers. At room temperature, alkoxy-rich polythiophenes showed also a good stability in the conducting state which can be partly related to their low oxidation potential. However, probably due to thermally induced steric interactions between the side chains and the counterions, an exothermic dedoping reation takes place at higher temperatures (>100 °C). On the basis of these results, it is proposed that alkoxy-substituted polythiophenes bearing ionic moieties should lead to processible and thermally stable conducting materials.
Partnership for Health (2013)

In the 1960s, feminists voiced their outrage about the health care system in the United States which routinely discriminated against women and, in so doing, literally jeopardized their health and well-being. Over a decade later, women's health advocates still stressed the need for reform of this male-dominated institution because of the on-going threat to the health of American women. In the 1990s, nearly 40 years after women began their fight for quality and equitable treatment from the medical profession, women unfortunately continue to confront problems on numerous levels including discrimination in medical research and in the availability of insurance and health care providers. Most alarming, however, is the fact that women today--like women in the '60s and before--lack information, understanding, and adequate diagnoses and treatment from their health caregivers. This book extends from a program of research on women's health issues by the authors. More than 150 audio-taped, naturally occurring interactions between health caregivers and their female patients from three different health care settings--as well as ethnographic field notes in three additional settings which provide health care to women-- constitute the data for this investigation. They explore the consequentiality of relational issues during women's health care encounters and examine how health care participants save face, enact roles, co-construct their encounters, and accomplish the objective of education and medical care. Unlike earlier works, this study utilizes an extensive data collection derived directly from hundreds of interactions between health care providers and their patients, as opposed to surveys or case studies of singular practitioners. The authors examine the data in light of insights from a variety of theoretical perspectives and are committed to exploring the implication that medical encounters are collaboratively managed by both patients and caregivers. Given these theoretical and empirical contributions, the authors believe this book will advance present understanding in the areas of health and relational communication, women's health care, gender issues in communication, conversation analysis, discourse processes, and institutional talk.
Reflective coatings for the future x-ray mirror substrates (2018)

We present the development of the reflective coating by magnetron sputtering deposition onto precisely-fabricated thin X-ray mirrors. Our goal is to remove distortion induced by the coating and then keep their surface profiles. We first addressed the uniform coating to minimize the distortion by introducing a mask to control the spatial distribution of the coating thickness. The uniformity was finally achieved within ±1%. We next tried a platinum single-layer coating on a glass substrate with a dimension of 200 mm × 125 mm. The distortion caused by the frontside coating with a thickness of 320 Å was found to be at most ∼ 1 μm, smaller than the previous results obtained from the non-uniform coating. We then carried out the platinum coating with the same amount of the thickness on the backside surface of the glass substrate. The surface profile of the glass substrate was fully recovered, indicating that the residual stress was successfully balanced by the backside coating. Furthermore, we tried to an iridium single-layer coating with a thickness of 150 Åon the silicon mirrors. The frontside coating caused the degradation of the imaging quality by 7.5 arcsec in half-power width. However, the backside coating with the same amount of the thickness reduced this degradation to be 3.4 arcsec. Finally, an additional backside coating with a thickness of 100 Å and the annealing to relax the residual stress were found to eliminate the distortion completely; the final degradation of the imaging quality was only 0.4 arcsec.
Nondestructive sensing of magnetic cores (1954)

A nondestructive method for sensing the information state of magnetic-memory cores is under development. This new method involves the use of a quadrature magnetic field which, when pulsed, produces an output voltage. The polarity of the output voltage contains the information: a positive output pulse represents a one, and a negative pulse a zero. Reading in this manner can be repeated indefinitely without destroying the information held by the core. The method has proven to be exceedingly fast, giving output pulses of 0.2 microsecond in duration, and because of the rapid flux change when sensing, the output voltage has been observed in excess of 1 volt per turn.
Photoinduced 1,3-Proton Shift in Methyldithiepines as a Potential Way of Modulating Hyperpolarizabilities (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPhotoinduced 1,3-Proton Shift in Methyldithiepines as a Potential Way of Modulating HyperpolarizabilitiesYongqin Wan, Alexei Kurchan, and Andrei KutateladzeView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208 %[email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 5, 1894–1899Publication Date (Web):February 1, 2001Publication History Received30 October 2000Published online1 February 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo005707ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo005707ibrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views413Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Hydrocarbons,Irradiation,Polarizability,Reaction mechanisms Get e-Alerts
دهلالهتا رهنگان د دیوان(ئازراندنا بهندهمانێ)یا هۆزانڤان(هزرڤان عهبدولا)یدا (2021)

ئه‌ڤه‌ ڤه‌كۆلینه‌ هه‌ولدانه‌كه‌ ژ بۆ دیاركرنا ئه‌وێ ده‌لاله‌تێ یاكو هۆزانڤان دناڤ تێكستێ خوه‌یێ هۆزانێدا به‌رجه‌سته‌دكه‌ت.هه‌لبه‌ت ئه‌ڤ چه‌نده‌ دێ بیته‌ ئه‌گه‌ره‌ك كو ئه‌م زێده‌تر د هۆزانێ بگه‌هین و دیسان زێده‌تر ئه‌م لسه‌ر شێوازێ دارشتنا هونه‌ریا هۆزانڤانێ زالبین. ئه‌ڤ ڤه‌كۆلینا لژیرَ ناڤونیشانێ(ده‌لاله‌تا ره‌نگان د دیوان(ئازراندنا به‌نده‌مانێ)یا هۆزانڤان(هزرڤان عه‌بدولا) یدا)هاتیه‌ ئه‌نجامدان ژ دوو پشكان پێكدهێت.پشكا ئێكێ ژ بۆ ته‌وه‌رێ تیۆریێ ڤه‌كۆلینێ هاتیه‌ ته‌رخانكرن و باگراوه‌نده‌كێ تیۆرى لدۆر زاراڤ و تیگه‌ه و پێكهاتا ره‌نگان هاتیه‌ نیشاندان.پشكا دووێ ژ بۆ ته‌وه‌رێ پڕاكتیكیێ ڤه‌كۆلینێ هاتیه‌ ته‌رخانكرن و بڕه‌نگه‌كێ پڕاكتیكى ده‌لاله‌تا ره‌نگان دناڤ تێكستێ هۆزاناندا هاتیه‌ شلۆڤه‌كرن و بۆ مه‌دیار بۆ كو بتنێ ئه‌ڤ هه‌شت ره‌نگه‌ دناڤ دیوانا ناڤبریدا هاتینه‌ ره‌نگڤه‌دان(ره‌ش،سپى،سۆر،كه‌سك،زه‌ر، پیڤازى،مۆر،بنه‌فشى).هه‌روه‌سا بۆ مه‌ دیار بوو كو هۆزانڤانى بڕێكا ده‌لاله‌تا ئه‌ڤان ره‌نگان ده‌ربڕین ژ بابه‌تێن هۆزانا خوه‌ كریه‌ وه‌كو(خه‌م و نه‌خۆشى و هیڤى ز حه‌زێن ڤه‌شارتى).
Monitoring of the geochemical evolution of waste rock facilities at Newmont’s Phoenix Mine (2011)

Newmont Mining Corporation’s Phoenix Mine in Nevada, USA is actively reclaiming historic and current waste rock disposal areas with evapotranspiration (ET) covers to reduce the long-term risk of acid rock drainage. The waste rock is typically sulphide enriched and considered to be potentially acid generating (PAG). The total sulphide content of all waste material averages 2–3%, of which less than 20% is pyrrhotite with the remaining being a combination of pyrite and marcasite. There are pockets (often in the hundreds of tons range) of material that average greater than 50% sulphide. ET covers consist of nominal 2 m thick alluvial soil and/or non-PAG waste rock placed over the waste rock material. To monitor the ET cover’s capacity to store and release incident precipitation and the evolution of potential acid rock drainage generation in closed waste rock facilities, near surface (less than 3.5 m below ground surface) cover performance monitoring sensor nests and deeper subsurface geochemical evolution monitoring wells (to a maximum depth of 67 m) have been installed in the South Iron Canyon and North Fortitude rock disposal areas. Near-surface sensor nests and the geochemical evolution monitoring wells are instrumented at various depths with water content, water pressure potential, air pressure, oxygen concentration, temperature, and water flux sensors. These monitoring systems provide information on net percolation in the waste rock, air flow within the waste rock, and the relative oxidation of sulphide material at depth. In addition, the instrumentation has been designed to test hypotheses regarding the distribution and movement of water and air in “end dumped” lifts. Initial data indicates that the cover systems are effectively storing and releasing precipitation. Deep zones of elevated temperature within the waste rock have been identified and may indicate the presence of sulphide enriched waste rock being exposed to incident precipitation for prolonged periods during the disposal area construction phase. Three years of monitoring data will be presented to illustrate cover system performance and controlling factors in the geochemical evolution of the waste rock disposal areas.
Penerapan Konsep Triple Bottom Line Dalam Program Kemitraan Dan Bina Lingkungan Sebagai Bentuk Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) (Studi pada PT. Petrokimia Gresik) (2014)

Abstract: The Implementation of Triple Bottom Line Concept on Partnerships and Community Development Program as a Form of Corporate Social Responbility (Study on Partnerships and Community DevelopmentProgram of PT. Petrokimia Gresik) . PT Petrokimia Gresik is one of the state-owned enterprises in activities must implement good corporate governance (GCG). The author examines the implementation of the Partnership and Community Development Program at PT Petrokimia Gresik CSR Program which is has an obligation to implement Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) based on the concept of the triple bottom line. Result in this research is i mplementation of the Partnership and Community Development Program provides a positive contribution to the community, especially around the area of the company's business in the form of loans partnerships, training and coaching aid for environmental development. Development of the partners carried out to equip the ability of the business so that the business can be expected to develop well and able to repay the borrowed funds partnerships. For PT Petrokimia Gresik  through the Partnership and Community Development Program, can enhance the positive image of PT Petrokimia Gresik  in the eyes of the community, thereby strengthening the company  as well as the community to know and understand the various products and services of PT Petrokimia Gresik. Keywords : governance, triple bottom line, corporate social responbility Abstrak : Penerapan Konsep Triple Bottom Line dalam Program Kemitraan dan Bina Lingkungan Sebagai Bentuk Corporate Social Responbility (Studi pada Program Kemitraan dan Bina Lingkungan PT. Petrokimia Gresik) . PT Petrokimia Gresik merupakan salah satu perusahaan negara atau BUMN yang dalam aktivitasnya harus melaksanakan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik ( Good Corporate Governance ).Penulis meneliti mengenai pelaksanaan Program Kemitraan dan Bina Lingkungan pada CSR PT Petrokimia Gresik yang memiliki kewajiban untuk melaksanakan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) yang benar-benar berpijak pada konsep triple bottom line .Hasilpenelitian ini yaitu pelaksanaan Program  Kemitraan dan Bina Lingkungan memberi kontribusi positif kepada masyarakat terutama disekitar wilayah usaha perusahaan baik berupa pinjaman kemitraan, pembinaan pelatihan dan bantuan bina lingkungan. Pembinaan mitra binaan dilakukan untuk membekali kemampuan usaha sehingga diharapkan usaha dapat berkembang dengan baik dan mampu mengembalikan dana pinjaman kemitraan. Bagi PT Petrokimia Gresik melalui Program Kemitraan dan Bina Lingkungan, dapat meningkatkan citra positif PT Petrokimia Gresik di mata masyarakat, sehingga memperkuat perusahaan serta masyarakat semakin mengenal dan memahami berbagai produk dan jasa dari PT Petrokimia Gresik. Kata kunci: governance, triple bottom line, corporate social responbility
Understanding the Growth Mechanism of β-(Al<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1−x</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> by Atom Probe Tomography (2019)

AlxGa1-x)2O3 is a promising material for high power electronics and optoelectronics due to its wide band gap, tunable between 4.8 eV (-Ga2O3) and 8.7 eV (-Al2O3) (AlxGa1-x)2O3, being a potential new material, different growth techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), pulsed laser deposition, mist chemical vapor deposition etc. [1] have been introduced to obtain high quality crystal growth. The growth mechanism of this material plays an important role in obtaining high crystal quality which in turn helps researchers to fabricate improved performance devices. Atom Probe Tomography (APT) is a powerful nanoscale analyzing tool that yields elemental information down to sub-nanometer resolution providing structural and compositional details of the material [2]. Here we have employed APT to understand the growth mechanism of -(AlxGa1-x)2O3 using plasma assisted MBE (PAMBE) system. Information thus obtained is crucial in explaining material growth and determining crystal quality for device implementations.
Enhanced Cloud Security by Combining Virtualization and Policy Monitoring Techniques (2012)

Cloud Computing is accessing Services through Internet based on pay per usage model. Software as a Service (SaaS), Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) are available in Cloud. Cloud based products will eliminate the need to install and manage client rich applications. Cloud Service providers are helping companies to reduce the high cost infrastructure installation and maintenance cost. The customer is charged only for the resources consumed like utility based computing. Data is a more valuable Asset. In business making decision is important from the data what is available. Security is one of the major problem of Cloud, where data can be stored anywhere, any part of the cloud. This paper gives details about the challenges and issues of Cloud Computing and solution to overcome those issues