gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Submucosal Dissection of the Esophagus: A Case Report (1991)

A 38-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of dysphagia, sore throat and fever. An upper GI series revealed a "double-barrelled" esophagus. Endoscopic examination of the esophagus showed multiple ulcers and mucosal bridges resulting from laceration of the submucosal layer. An acute ulcer of the stomach was also found. Fasting and total parenteral nutrition for several weeks failed to bring about any changes in the endoscopic findings. As treatment, the mucosal bridges throughout the esophagus were divided with a diathermy knife under endoscopic control. Soon after the procedure, the patient's symptoms disappeared completely, and the massive dissection of the esophagus had improved except for slight depressions.
Preparation of Compounds in BaO-TiO2 System by Coprecipitation from Alkoxides (1978)

The stability of several compounds in the system BaO-TiO2 coprecipitated from the alkoxides were investigated. The samples in which the mole ratios of BaO to TiO2 were 2/1, 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 2/9, 1/5 and 1/9 were prepared by the simultaneous hydrolysis of barium isopropoxide and titanium isopropoxide. On the as-prepared specimens, only 1/1 specimen crystallized as a single phase of cubic BaTiO3, 2/1 was composed of cubic BaTiO3 and Ba(OH)2·H2O, and all others in the TiO2-rich region were of amorphous forms. It is suggested that Ba2+ in the 1/1 solution reacts as a strong Lewis acid and directly combines with Ti(OiPr)62-, and a double alkoxide, Ba[Ti(OiPr)6] is formed in isopropanol solution. In the TiO2-rich region, the polymerization takes place on the formation of Ti-O-Ti bridge following the hydrolysis of Ti(OiPr)4, resulting in the precipitation of amorphous phase.By heating at 800°C of 1/2 and 1/5 specimens, the single phases of BaTi2O5 and BaTi5O11 were formed respectively. Thus far the single phases of these compounds have not been obtained. Since BaTi2O5 and BaTi5O11 begin to decompose above 1200°C, they are considered to be a low temperature form or a metastable form.
Scandinavian test of artificial neural network for classification of myocardial perfusion images (2000)

Artificial neural networks are systems of elementary computing units capable of learning from examples. They have been applied to automated interpretation of myocardial perfusion images and have been shown to perform even better than experienced physicians. It has been shown that physicians interpreting myocardial perfusion images benefit from the advice of such networks. These networks have been developed and validated in the same hospital. However, widespread use of neural networks will only take place if the networks can maintain a high accuracy in other hospitals, i.e. hospitals using different gamma cameras, different acquisition techniques, different study protocols, etc. The purpose of this study was to develop a neural network in one hospital and test it in another. An artificial neural network was trained to detect coronary artery disease using myocardial perfusion scintigrams from 135 patients at a Swedish hospital. Thereafter, this network was tested using scintigrams from 68 patients at a Danish hospital and compared to six criteria based on expert physician analysis and quantitative analysis by the CEqual program. The sensitivity of the network was significantly higher than that of one of the physician criteria (0. 92 versus 0.71) and two of the CEqual-based criteria (0.94 versus 0. 63 and 0.96 versus 0.65) compared at equal specificities. It was concluded that an artificial neural network can maintain high accuracy in a hospital other than the one where it was developed.
Model-Driven Application-Level Encryption for the Privacy of E-health Data (2010)

We propose a novel model-driven application-level encryption solution to protect the privacy and confidentiality of health data in response to the growing public concern about the privacy of health data. Domain experts specify sensitive data which are to be protected by encryption in the application's domain model. Security experts specify the cryptographic parameters used for the encryption in a security configuration. Both specifications are highly flexible to support different granularities of data to be encrypted and appropriate security levels. Based on the domain model, our code generator for Model-Driven Software Development generates code and configuration artifacts to control the encryption and decryption logic in the application and perform database schema modifications. Our encryption infrastructure outside the database (hence, application-level encryption) utilizes the security configuration to perform encryption and decryption.The generator relieves application developers from a significant amount of migration work required by application-level encryption. Hence, our approach combines the flexibility, security and independence from database vendors of application-level encryption and the transparency of database-level encryption. Our model-driven application-level encryption has been integrated into our eHealth Framework, a comprehensive platform for the development of electronic health care solutions. Our approach can be applied to other domains as well.
Separation Of Drums From Polyphonic Music Using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization And Support Vector Machine (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Rapid Monoclonal Antibody Generation Via Dendritic Cell Targeting <i>In Vivo</i> (2003)

Dendritic cells (DC) are the professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. Previous studies have demonstrated that targeting foreign antigens to DC leads to enhanced antigen (Ag)-specific responses in vivo. However, the utility of this strategy for the generation of MAbs has not been investigated. To address this question we immunized mice with IgG-peptide conjugates prepared with the hamster anti-murine CD11c MAb N418. Synthetic peptides corresponding to two different exposed regions of DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), a human C-type lectin, were conjugated to N418 using thiol-based chemistry. The N418 MAb served as the targeting molecule and synthetic peptides as the Ag (MAb-Ag). A rapid and peptide specific serum IgG response was produced by Day 7 when the synthetic peptides were linked to the N418 MAb, compared to peptide co-delivered with the N418 without linkage. Spleen cells from N418-peptide immunized mice were fused on Day 10, and three IgG1/k monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were selected to one of the peptide epitopes (MID-peptide). One of the MAbs, Novik 2, bound to two forms of recombinant DC-SIGN protein in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and was specifically inhibited by the MID-peptide in solution. Two of these MAbs show specific binding to DC-SIGN expressed by cultured human primary DC. We conclude that in vivo DC targeting enhances the immunogenicity of synthetic peptides and is an effective method for the rapid generation of MAbs to predetermined epitopes.
New RAF kinase inhibitors in cancer therapy (2014)

Inhibition of BRAF has achieved highly successful results in patients affected by BRAF-mutated melanoma and has revolutionised their care. Its efficacy in other malignancies is currently under evaluation in monotherapy and as combination with other agents. Early clinical results of concomitant inhibition of BRAF and MEK suggest that this therapeutic approach is superior to either BRAF or MEK inhibition alone. Identification of BRAF mutations sensitive to treatment is essential for the success of these drugs.
GaN ultraviolet avalanche photodiodes grown on 6H-SiC substrates with SiN passivation (2008)

GaN ultraviolet p–i–n avalanche photodiodes grown on 6H-SiC substrates by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition are reported. Silicon nitride (SixN1−x) is employed as the dielectric passivation layer for the diode, rather than the conventional SiO2. For the SiN passivated device, the photoresponse is relatively independent of the bias voltage for VRB<50 V. With ultraviolet illumination, devices with mesa diameters of ∼30 µm achieve stable maximum optical gains greater than 3000. This is believed to be the first successful demonstration of GaN APDs grown on 6H-SiC substrates with optical gain greater than 1000.
Evaluation of <i>Withania somnifera</i> in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke in rats (2003)

1. Stroke causes brain injury in millions of people worldwide each year. Despite the enormity of the problem, there is currently no approved therapy that can reduce infarct size or neurological disability. One of the approaches that can be used in limiting the neurological damage after stroke is the use of prophylactic treatment in patients with a high-risk of stroke. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the Indian herbal plant Withania somnifera as a prophylactic treatment in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion model of stroke in rats. 2. Two groups of male Wistar rats were pretreated with a hydroalcoholic extract of W. somnifera (1 g/kg, p.o.) for 15 and 30 days. Thereafter, rats were subjected to focal ischaemia by occlusion of the MCA using an intraluminal thread. After 2 h MCA occlusion, reperfusion was allowed by retracting the thread. Animals were assessed for ischaemic changes using diffusion-weighted imaging 30 min after reperfusion. Twenty-four hours later, rats were subjected to motor performance tests and were subsequently killed for the estimation of the marker of oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA). The control group received vehicle and a similar protocol was followed. 3. Significant motor impairment, with elevated levels of MDA, was observed in vehicle-treated MCA-occluded rats. In addition, diffusion-weighted imaging showed increased signal intensity in the right hemisphere compared with the contralateral hemisphere. Treatment with W. somnifera for 15 days did not improve motor performance or decrease the elevated levels of MDA. However, when the pretreatment time of W. somnifera was increased to 30 days, it prevented motor impairment and significantly decreased the raised levels of MDA compared with vehicle-treated rats. In the W. somnifera (30 days)-pretreated group, the percentage hemispheric lesion area in diffusion-weighted imaging was significantly attenuated (17 +/- 2%) compared with the vehicle-treated MCA-occluded group (30 +/- 4%). 4. Because W. somnifera has been documented to have anti-oxidant properties, the protection afforded by W. somnifera could be due to its anti-oxidant effect. The present study provides first evidence of the effectiveness of an Indian herb in focal ischaemia.
On the interaction between overlay routing and underlay routing (2005)

In this paper, we study the interaction between overlay routing and traffic engineering (TE) in a single autonomous system (AS). We formulate this interaction as a two-player non-cooperative non-zero sum game, where the overlay tries to minimize the delay of its traffic and the TE's objective is to minimize network cost. We study a Nash routing game with best-reply dynamics, in which the overlay and TE have equal status, and take turns to compute their optimal strategies based on the response of the other player in the previous round. We prove the existence, uniqueness and global stability of Nash equilibrium point (NEP) for a simple network. For general networks, we show that the selfish behavior of an overlay can cause huge cost increases and oscillations to the whole network. Even worse, we have identified cases, both analytically and experimentally, where the overlay's cost increases as the Nash routing game proceeds even though the overlay plays optimally based on TE's routing at each round. Experiments are performed to verify our analysis.
The performance of a microwave ion source immersed in a multicusp static magnetic field (1986)

Many applications requiring high beam currents and operation with chemically active gases impose lifetime and operational requirements on the discharge electrodes in conventional ion sources. Despite the development of specially designed hot filaments and hollow cathodes, the presence of these electrodes in the discharge zone still limits the practical application of ion and plasma sources. Thus, the development of an efficient, simple, electrodeless discharge would result in an important improvement in ion beam and plasma processing technology. Recently, an electrodeless microwave ion source and plasma source have been developed. An improvement of this ion source is discussed. This is the redesign to surround the discharge zone with many closely spaced rare earth magnets producing a confining and cyclotron resonant multicusp static magnetic field. The experimental performance of this ‘‘modified’’ ion source using argon gas is presented. Experimental measurements of extracted ion beam current versus accelerating voltage and discharge electron and ion densities, etc. are presented over a range of gas flow rates and operating pressures.
A Large-Scale Study of Failures in High-Performance Computing Systems (2009)

Designing highly dependable systems requires a good understanding of failure characteristics. Unfortunately, little raw data on failures in large IT installations are publicly available. This paper analyzes failure data collected at two large high-performance computing sites. The first data set has been collected over the past nine years at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and has recently been made publicly available. It covers 23,000 failures recorded on more than 20 different systems at LANL, mostly large clusters of SMP and NUMA nodes. The second data set has been collected over the period of one year on one large supercomputing system comprising 20 nodes and more than 10,000 processors. We study the statistics of the data, including the root cause of failures, the mean time between failures, and the mean time to repair. We find, for example, that average failure rates differ wildly across systems, ranging from 20-1000 failures per year, and that time between failures is modeled well by a Weibull distribution with decreasing hazard rate. From one system to another, mean repair time varies from less than an hour to more than a day, and repair times are well modeled by a lognormal distribution.
Bit-loading for modulation-adaptive transmission in infrared wireless indoor communication (2006)

In order to achieve broadband communication between a fixed access point and mobile user terminals in an indoor nondirected LOS infrared wireless system, we consider the concept of rate-adaptive transmission, based on DMT modulation of multiple orthogonal subcarriers. The previously conducted capacity analysis showed great potentials compared to statically operating links, with up to 400 Mb/s conceivable under good channel conditions. In this paper we focus on the throughput maximization in practical modulation-adaptive IR systems. We evaluate the applicability and performance of two bit-loading algorithms developed originally for DSL transmission, with the aim to determine the recommendable loading technique for the specific conditions of optical wireless channel.
Rapid Estimation of the Probability of SRAM Failure due to MOS Threshold Variations (2007)

Accurate estimation of the effects of threshold variations, in particular yield loss, is crucial during the design of robust SRAM cells and memory arrays in deep submicron technologies. We present an efficient technique to calculate yield loss due to access-time, static noise margin, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">etc.</i> , related failures. Our method does not rely on Monte-Carlo techniques; instead, it finds the boundary in V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> (threshold voltage) parameter space between success and failure regions and uses quick geometrical calculations to find the yield. The V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> boundary curve is found efficiently via an Euler-Newton curve tracing technique, adapted from mixed-signal/RF simulation, that guides detailed SPICE-level simulation with accurate MOS device models. We compare and validate the new method against Monte-Carlo style yield estimation, obtaining superior accuracies and speedups of more than 10times.
The microwave spectrum and molecular structure of the ethylene-ozone van der Waals complex (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe microwave spectrum and molecular structure of the ethylene-ozone van der Waals complexJ. Z. Gillies, Charles W. Gillies, R. D. Suenram, F. J. Lovas, and W. StahlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 8, 3073–3074Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00190a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00190a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurement of dissolved H2 concentrations in methanogenic environments with a gas diffusion probe (1993)

A probe for the measurement of dissolved H2 in anoxic methanogenic environment was developed. The probe was based on the diffusion of dissolved H2 through a silicone membrane into a gas space at the end of the probe. This gas space was flushed with N2 and analyzed gaschromatographically for H2. The probe was calibrated in aqueous solutions of the known gas space was flushed The detection limit was about 7 nM H2, the depth resolution of vertical profiles was about 5–10 min. The probe could also be used to measure dissolved CH4 and CO. The probe allowed the measurement of in situ concentrations of dissolved H2 that were unbiased by eventual effects of an extraction procedure on the steady state between production and consumption of H2. However, it could not be implanted into the environment for periods longer than hours because of dramatically increased H2 signals due to microbial growth on the silicon membrane. The probe was used to measure vertical profiles of dissolved H2 and CH4 in cores of the deep sediment of Lake Constance and of anoxic paddy soil. The vertical CH4 profiles measured with the probe compared well with those measured by extraction. In the lake sediment, concentrations of H2 increased with depth and reached values in the range 10–60 nM H2 within the methanogenic zone, below about 2–5 cm depth. In the anoxic paddy soil, H2 concentrations also increased with depth reaching values of 40–100 nM H2. Dissolved CO was about 5–20 nM. The turnover of H2 was very dynamic as revealed when starch powder was added to the flooding water. Within 1 day, H2 concentrations increased to 80 μM H2 in the upper 2 cm of the soil core, but after 5–7 days decreased again to the lower values measured previously.
[Production of transgenic rabbits by micro injection]. (1993)

The feasibility of using whole animal instead of bioreactor in genetic engineering has been investigated with transgenic domestic rabbits. The gene chosen is the surface gene (S gene) of hepatitis B virus. Two plasmids were specifically constructed for this purpose, pHBV3.0 contains the promoter pre S gene and a part of c gene of the virus; while MT-SA, the S gene and mouse MT promotor. These plasmids were made linear by suitable restriction endonuclease before they were transferred into maleprounclei by means of microinjection. From 757 microinjected and transplanted fertilized eggs 101 rabbits were obtained. 57% of these animals were found with integrated microinjected genes. 28 of the transgenic animals were tested for the presence of the surface antigen of the virus in the serum by ELISA method. 8 animals were found positive, approximately 30% of the tested transgenic animals. The second generation transgenics were obtained either by first generation ransgenics crossed with non-trans-genics or transgenics. Among them 73% contained the transgene and 15% had the surface antigen in the serum. Some experiments were also carried out with human growth hormone gene.
Combined Gesture-Speech Analysis and Speech Driven Gesture Synthesis (2006)

Multimodal speech and speaker modeling and recognition are widely accepted as vital aspects of state of the art human-machine interaction systems. While correlations between speech and lip motion as well as speech and facial expressions are widely studied, relatively little work has been done to investigate the correlations between speech and gesture. Detection and modeling of head, hand and arm gestures of a speaker have been studied extensively and these gestures were shown to carry linguistic information. A typical example is the head gesture while saying "yes/no". In this study, correlation between gestures and speech is investigated. In speech signal analysis, keyword spotting and prosodic accent event detection has been performed. In gesture analysis, hand positions and parameters of global head motion are used as features. The detection of gestures is based on discrete pre-designated symbol sets, which are manually labeled during the training phase. The gesture-speech correlation is modeled by examining the co-occurring speech and gesture patterns. This correlation can be used to fuse gesture and speech modalities for edutainment applications (i.e. video games, 3-D animations) where natural gestures of talking avatars are animated from speech. A speech driven gesture animation example has been implemented for demonstration
Fast and low-cost clock deskew buffer (2004)

We propose a clock buffer that is able to compensate clock skews possibly due to process variations, and correct even more severe skews, as those possibly due to faults affecting the clock distribution network or those due to power supply noise. Compensation/correction is performed instantaneously, during system run-time, upon skew occurrence. Compared to alternative solutions which can be used to compensate/correct skews between couples of clocks, that presented here is definitely faster, features lower area overhead and power consumption, and does not require any initialization phase at the beginning of system operation. Additionally, our proposed buffer is also able to compensate/correct clock duty cycle variations due to process parameter variations, as well as faults affecting the clock distribution network. Also in this case, compensation/correction is accomplished within the same clock cycle of duty-cycle variation occurrence.