gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Demand For NFL Attendance: A Rational Addiction Model (2010)

<p class="Textbody" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt; mso-pagination: none;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This paper examines the demand for attendance at National Football League (NFL) games using a rational addiction model to test the hypothesis that professional football displays the properties of a habit-forming good.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Rational addiction theory suggests that past and future consumption play a part in determining the current period&rsquo;s consumption for habit-forming goods.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Additionally, we postulate the behavioral implications of profit-maximizing ticket pricing behavior by NFL teams.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Previous studies have been unable to detect pricing power by NFL teams.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Our model of pricing power allows us to identify theoretically- anticipated pricing behavior.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>A pooled data set is collected using statistics from each NFL team from the 1983 to the 2008 seasons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Current attendance is modeled as a function of team specific variables, including past and future attendance, ticket price, and team performance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The model is estimated using Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>We also treat the censored nature of ticket demand as NFL teams frequently experience sell-outs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>It is found that past and future attendance, winning percentage, the age of the stadium in which a team plays, and own-price demand elasticity influence attendance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The fact that coefficients for past and future attendance are positive and significant in this analysis lends support to the notion that NFL fans display characteristics of rational addiction in their consumption behavior.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Further, we find evidence to support profit-maximizing behavior in ticket sales.</span></span></p>
Sealed scanned electron-beam-excited semiconductor laser (1974)

A cadmium sulfide "radiating mirror" laser, pumped by scanning with an election beam, was constructed. The laser threshold was reached under a voltage of 30 kV and a current density of 15–20 A/cm2. The pulsed output power was up to 2 W, the efficiency was up to 8%, and the electron-beam diameter was 50–60 μ.
Chiral liquid‐crystalline polymers by polymer‐analogous reactions (1991)

Abstract A synthetic route to combined main‐chain/side‐group chiral liquid‐crystalline (lc) polymers via precursor polymers with phenolic groups is presented. A polymer‐analogous reaction with chiral acids (conversions 90–100%) led to 33 new chiral lc polymers, which exhibit chiral smectic C * , smectic A, and cholesteric phases.
Processing Dense Stereo Data Using Elevation Maps: Road Surface, Traffic Isle, and Obstacle Detection (2010)

A new approach for the detection of the road surface and obstacles is presented. The high accuracy of the method allows the detection of traffic isles as a distinct class. The 3-D data inferred from dense stereo are transformed into a rectangular digital elevation map (DEM). Two classifiers are proposed, namely, density based and road surface based. The density-based obstacle classifier marks DEM cells as road or obstacles, using the density of 3-D points as a criterion. A quadratic road surface model is initially fitted by a random sample consensus (RANSAC) approach to the region in front of the ego vehicle. A region growing-like process refines this primary solution, driven by the 3-D uncertainty model of the stereo sensor. A robust global solution for the road surface is obtained. The road surface is used for discrimination between road, traffic isle, and obstacle points. Fusion and error filtering is performed on the results of the two classifiers. The proposed real-time algorithm was evaluated in an urban scenario and can be used in complex applications from collision avoidance to path planning.
Characterization of subcortical structures during deep brain stimulation utilizing support vector machines (2011)

In this paper we discuss an efficient methodology for the characterization of Microelectrode Recordings (MER) obtained during deep brain stimulation surgery for Parkinson's disease using Support Vector Machines and present the results of a preliminary study. The methodology is based in two algorithms: (1) an algorithm extracts multiple computational features from the microelectrode neurophysiology, and (2) integrates them in the support vector machines algorithm for classification. It has been applied to the problem of the recognition of subcortical structures: thalamus nucleus, zona incerta, subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra. The SVM (support vector machines) algorithm performed quite well achieving 99.4% correct classification. In conclusion, the use of a computer-based system, like the one described in this paper, is intended to avoid human subjectivity in the localization of the subcortical structures and mainly the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for neurostimulation.
Method for Measurement of Brightness of Carbon Arcs<!--<xref ref-type="other" rid="fn1-10.5594_J12857">*</xref>--> (1945)

The brightness, or candlepower per unit area, of a light source is an important determinant of the intensity in a projected light beam. A method is described for measuring brightness of carbon arcs by determining the light intensity on a projected image of the source. The principles of the system and the equipment used for the measurement are discussed.
Intensive chemotherapy does not benefit most older patients (age 70 years or older) with acute myeloid leukemia (2010)

Patients ≥ 70 years of age with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a poor prognosis. Recent studies suggested that intensive AML-type therapy is tolerated and may benefit most. We analyzed 446 patients ≥ 70 years of age with AML (≥ 20% blasts) treated with cytarabine-based intensive chemotherapy between 1990 and 2008 to identify risk groups for high induction (8-week) mortality. Excluding patients with favorable karyotypes, the overall complete response rate was 45%, 4-week mortality was 26%, and 8-week mortality was 36%. The median survival was 4.6 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 28%. Survival was similar among patients treated before 2000 and since 2000. A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for 8-week mortality identified the following to be independently adverse: age ≥ 80 years, complex karyotypes, (≥ 3 abnormalities), poor performance (2-4 Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group), and elevated creatinine > 1.3 mg/dL. Patients with none (28%), 1 (40%), 2 (23%), or ≥ 3 factors (9%) had estimated 8-week mortality rates of 16%, 31%, 55%, and 71% respectively. The 8-week mortality model also predicted for differences in complete response and survival rates. In summary, the prognosis of most patients (72%) ≥ 70 years of age with AML is poor with intensive chemotherapy (8-week mortality ≥ 30%; median survival < 6 months).
Simultaneous Inhibition and Redistribution of Spontaneous Light Emission in Photonic Crystals (2005)

Inhibiting spontaneous light emission and redistributing the energy into useful forms are desirable objectives for advances in various fields, including photonics, illuminations, displays, solar cells, and even quantum-information systems. We demonstrate both the "inhibition" and "redistribution" of spontaneous light emission by using two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals, in which the refractive index is changed two-dimensionally. The overall spontaneous emission rate is found to be reduced by a factor of 5 as a result of the 2D photonic bandgap effect. Simultaneously, the light energy is redistributed from the 2D plane to the direction normal to the photonic crystal.
Tracing patterns and shapes in remittance and migration networks via persistent homology (2019)

Pattern detection in network models provides insights to both global structure and local node interactions. In particular, studying patterns embedded within remittance and migration flow networks can be useful in understanding economic and sociologic trends and phenomena and their implications both in regional and global settings. We illustrate how topo-algebraic methods can be used to detect both local and global patterns that highlight simultaneous interactions among multiple nodes, giving a more holistic perspective on the network fabric and a higher order description of the overall flow structure of directed networks. Using the 2015 Asian net migration and remittance networks, we build and study the associated directed clique complexes whose topological features correspond to specific flow patterns in the networks. We generate diagrams recording the presence, persistence, and perpetuity of patterns and show how these diagrams can be used to make inferences about the characteristics of migrant movement patterns and remittance flows.
Evidence for Plasmid Linkage of Restriction and Modification in <i>Streptococcus cremoris</i> KH (1981)

Restriction and modification have been demonstrated in Streptococcus cremoris KH cells when infected by Streptococcus lactis C2 phage (designated c2) at an efficiency of plating of 2 x 10. The growth of c2 phage through KH cells produces modified progeny phage capable of unrestricted growth on KH cells. The ability of single-colony isolates of S. cremoris KH cultures to restrict and modify c2 phage was found to be variable. From 2 to 6.5% of colonies isolated were partially deficient in restrictive capacity, permitting a greater plaquing ability by c2 phage of 1.8 to 2.9 log cycles. No completely restrictionless mutants were isolated from 1,000 colonies examined. Mutants were shown to be deficient in both restriction and modification capabilities of the same specificity. The frequent occurrence of a genotypic change that resulted in the loss of both restriction and modification capacities indicated the involvement of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid in genetically determining this specific restriction and modification system. S. cremoris KH was found to harbor 11 plasmid molecules, with molecular weights (x10) estimated to be 50, 41, 24, 18, 10, 7.4, 3.3, 3.0, 2.8, 2.5, and 1.5. Of the 27 mutants examined, 25 were missing the 10-megadalton plasmid. This consistent plasmid difference among the majority of mutants isolated supports the involvement of this plasmid in restriction and modification. Plasmid linkage of restriction and modification systems provides a genetic mechanism for the rapid development of phage-sensitive starter cultures due to the inherent instability of extrachromosomal elements.
ALOHA : Adaptive Level Of Detail for Human Animation Towards a new framework (2000)

The task of animating and rendering virtual humans in real-time is challenging. One must first establish a sense of realism through appearance, and then maintain this realism through correct and plausible motion, while continually satisfying the real-time constraint imposed. One technique that aids in achieving such a task is to take advantage of the viewer’s perception to compute less accurate models when loss of accuracy is unlikely to be noticed. Traditionally, these ‘level of detail’ techniques have been used primarily for geometric modelling. However, more recently, they have also been applied to animation. This paper seeks to amalgamate animation and geometric level of detail research in order to produce an integrated framework on which to build a totally scalable system for virtual human animation.
Human HSP70 promoter contains at least two distinct regulatory domains. (1986)

The expression of the human HSP70 gene is induced by a wide range of physiological stresses, including exposure to heat shock and heavy metals, or under nonstress conditions, such as in response to serum stimulation. We have previously demonstrated that in either case the regulated expression is at the primary level of transcription. To determine whether transcription is mediated through a single or multiple genetic elements, we have dissected the sequences upstream of the transcription start site of the human HSP70 gene by constructing chimeric genes retaining variable amounts of 5' flanking regions fused to the bacterial gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. Transcription from the chimeric genes was determined by S1 nuclease analysis of separate stable transfectants. The sequences required for heat shock and cadmium induction lie between -107 and -68. Within this region is the sequence CTGGAATATTCCCG, which is identical in 12/14 positions with the heat shock element of Drosophila heat shock genes, and a separate sequence, CGNCCCGG, which is homologous to the core of the human metallothionein II metal-responsive element. The sequences required for serum-stimulated transcription are distinct from the heat shock element. The sequence CCAAT at -68 is required for high levels of correctly initiated transcripts, and a purine-rich sequence, GAAGGGAAAAG, at -58 is required for serum stimulation. The human HSP70 promoter contains at least two regulatory domains--a distal domain responsive to heat shock or cadmium and a proximal domain responsive to stimulation by serum.
Epitaxial growth of MgO and Fe∕MgO∕Fe magnetic tunnel junctions on (100)-Si by molecular beam epitaxy (2008)

Epitaxial growth of MgO barrier on Si is of technological importance due to the symmetry filtering effect of the MgO barrier in conjunction with bcc-ferromagnets. We study the epitaxial growth of MgO on (100)-Si by molecular beam epitaxy. MgO matches Si with 4:3 cell ratio, which renders Fe to be 45° rotated relative to Si, in sharp contrast to the direct epitaxial growth of Fe on Si. The compressive strains from Si lead to the formation of small angle grain boundaries in MgO below 5nm, and also affect the transport characteristics of Fe∕MgO∕Fe magnetic tunnel junctions formed on top.
Modeling, validation and system identification of a natural gas engine (1997)

In this paper, a model of a central fuel injected natural gas engine with transmission is developed and linear system identification is carried out to identify key model parameters that could lead to automated identification of transmission dynamics. The paper has two major components. First, the natural gas engine is modeled with an extension of the mean value engine model having three state variables: intake manifold pressure, fuel fraction in the intake manifold and the engine rotational speed. The model is validated in steady state and transient regimes over the whole range of engine speed. Second, a linear system identification algorithm is implemented in simulation on the engine model with perturbation in throttle opening and the speed to throttle transfer function is identified. Effective engine/driveline inertia can be found from the denominator coefficients of the identified model.
Transition-Transversion Bias Is Not Universal: A Counter Example from Grasshopper Pseudogenes (2007)

Comparisons of the DNA sequences of metazoa show an excess of transitional over transversional substitutions. Part of this bias is due to the relatively high rate of mutation of methylated cytosines to thymine. Postmutation processes also introduce a bias, particularly selection for codon-usage bias in coding regions. It is generally assumed, however, that there is a universal bias in favour of transitions over transversions, possibly as a result of the underlying chemistry of mutation. Surprisingly, this underlying trend has been evaluated only in two types of metazoan, namely Drosophila and the Mammalia. Here, we investigate a third group, and find no such bias. We characterize the point substitution spectrum in Podisma pedestris, a grasshopper species with a very large genome. The accumulation of mutations was surveyed in two pseudogene families, nuclear mitochondrial and ribosomal DNA sequences. The cytosine-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides exhibit the high transition frequencies expected of methylated sites. The transition rate at other cytosine residues is significantly lower. After accounting for this methylation effect, there is no significant difference between transition and transversion rates. These results contrast with reports from other taxa and lead us to reject the hypothesis of a universal transition/transversion bias. Instead we suggest fundamental interspecific differences in point substitution processes.
Observation of a Transient Decrease in Terahertz Conductivity of Single-Layer Graphene Induced by Ultrafast Optical Excitation (2013)

We have measured the terahertz frequency-dependent sheet conductivity and its transient response following femtosecond optical excitation for single-layer graphene samples grown by chemical vapor deposition. The conductivity of the unexcited graphene sheet, which was spontaneously doped, showed a strong free-carrier response. The THz conductivity matched a Drude model over the available THz spectral range and yielded an average carrier scattering time of 70 fs. Upon photoexcitation, we observed a transient decrease in graphene conductivity. The THz frequency-dependence of the graphene photoresponse differs from that of the unexcited material but remains compatible with a Drude form. We show that the negative photoconductive response arises from an increase in the carrier scattering rate, with a minor offsetting increase in the Drude weight. This behavior, which differs in sign from that reported previously for epitaxial graphene, is expected for samples with relatively high mobilities and doping levels. The photoinduced conductivity transient has a picosecond lifetime and is associated with nonequilibrium excitation conditions in the graphene.
Role of Unc51.1 and its binding partners in CNS axon outgrowth (2004)

Previous studies showed that the serine/threonine kinase Unc51.1 is one of the earliest genes in neuronal differentiation and is required for granule cell axon formation. To examine the mechanism of Unc51.1 regulation of axon extension, we have identified two direct binding partners. The first, SynGAP, a negative regulator of Ras, is expressed within axons and growth cones of developing granule cells. Overexpression of SynGAP blocks neurite outgrowth by a mechanism that involves Ras-like GTPase cascade. The second binding partner is a PDZ domain-containing scaffolding protein, Syntenin, that binds Rab5 GTPase, the activity of which is attenuated by SynGAP. Thus, our results demonstrate that the Unc51.1-containing protein complex governs axon formation via Ras-like GTPase signaling and through regulation of the Rab5-mediated endocytic pathways within developing axons.
Reliability Analysis and Visualization of product’s lifetime behavior (2016)

TCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Tecnológico. Engenharia de Controle e Automação.
Synthesis and characterization of monoclinic TiO2 nanosheets (2005)

A novel two-step method for the synthesis of monoclinic titanium oxide (i.e. TiO2(B)) nanosheets is presented in this report. The method is featured by two steps: 1) synthesis of hydrogen titanate nanosheets, followed by 2) calcination of the titanate nanosheets at elevated temperatures. The hydrogen titanate nanosheets were prepared first by autoclaving anatase TiO2 powders, obtained by air calcining an ethanol-gel of Ti(OH)4 at 500℃, in aqueous NaOH (10 mol/L) at 150―200℃, and then by washing with hydrochloric acid under supersonic irradiation. While sizes of the nanosheets were found to increase with increasing the temperature of the hydrothermal treatment, the calcination at 400―500℃ of the hydrogen titanate nanosheets that were synthesized at higher autoclaving temperatures (180―200℃) produced monoclinic TiO2 nanosheets with a uniform morphology. By contrast, the same calcination of the titanate nanosheets synthesized at the autoclaving temperature 180℃ led to anatase TiO2 nanoparticles.
DBN-Based Multi-stream Models for Mandarin Toneme Recognition (2006)

A toneme in Mandarin Chinese is a tonal phone which consists of a base phone (main vowel) and a tone. To capture both, most recognition systems use two feature streams: the standard MFCC for the base phones, and pitch features for the tones. In this paper we propose the use of dynamic Bayesian networks for modeling the two streams in toneme recognition. We used the Graphical Model Toolkit to build and compare three different models: a standard HMM with concatenated features, and synchronous and asynchronous multi-stream systems. Stream-level model parameter tying is also exploited. The toneme recognition results show significant improvements by using the multi-stream models.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Summer Employment Summary (2002)

This document will serve as a summary of my work activities as a summer employee for the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The intent of this document is to provide an overview of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) project, to explain the role of the department that I am working for, and to discuss my specific assigned tasks and their impact on the NIF project as a whole.
Identification of an upstream region of the mouse<i>p53</i>promoter critical for transcriptional expression (1995)

We have investigated the transcription factor requirements for basal expression of the mouse p53 promoter by using a combination of reporter and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs). We have found that only four regions of the promoter bind transcription factors in EMSAs, suggesting that these are the only important factors for basal transcription. These factors are NF1, USF, ETF-like and a novel factor which we have called PF2. Construction of promoter deletion mutants has shown that the absence of the PF2 site completely inactivates the promoter, whereas deletion of other sites, whilst reducing promoter activity, does not. We suggest that this novel transcription factor (PF2) is critical for expression of the mouse p53 promoter.
Lipid Mediators in the Resolution of Inflammation (2014)

Mounting of the acute inflammatory response is crucial for host defense and pivotal to the development of chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or abscess formation versus the protective response and the need of the host tissues to return to homeostasis. Within self-limited acute inflammatory exudates, novel families of lipid mediators are identified, named resolvins (Rv), protectins, and maresins, which actively stimulate cardinal signs of resolution, namely, cessation of leukocytic infiltration, counterregulation of proinflammatory mediators, and the uptake of apoptotic neutrophils and cellular debris. The biosynthesis of these resolution-phase mediators in sensu stricto is initiated during lipid-mediator class switching, in which the classic initiators of acute inflammation, prostaglandins and leukotrienes (LTs), switch to produce specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). In this work, we review recent evidence on the structure and functional roles of these novel lipid mediators of resolution. Together, these show that leukocyte trafficking and temporal spatial signals govern the resolution of self-limited inflammation and stimulate homeostasis.