gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The response of fibrous composites to impact loading (1990)

Abstract The response of advanced composites to low‐velocity projectile loading was investigated. The impact failure mechanisms of composites containing various fibers with different strength and ductility were studied by a combination of static indentation testing, instrumented falling dart impact testing, acoustic emission monitoring, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composites containing fibers with both high strength and high ductility (eg., polyethylene (PE) fibers) demonstrate a superior impact resistance as compared to those containing fibers with high strength (eg., graphite fibers) or high ductility (eg., nylon fibers) but not both. Upon impact loading, the composites containing PE fibers usually exhibited a great degree of plastic deformation and some level of delamination. These mechanisms acted to dissipate a significant amount of strain energy prior to the penetration phase of the impact process. No through penetration was observed in all the samples containing more than three layers of PE fabric except when loaded at relatively high rates and low temperatures. Although certain levels of delamination also took place in other composite systems, very little plastic deformation occurred, allowing ready penetration of the projectile. The stacking sequences in the hybrid laminates studied were found to play a critical role in triggering or inhibiting the processes of plastic deformation and delamination and, therefore, controlling their energy absorption capability. The penetration resistance of composites appeared to be dictated by the fiber toughness. The later property must be measured in a simulated high‐rate condition.
Research of User Trend by RGB analysis about On-line Game - Based on MMORPG - (2007)

The game industry, having been recognized as a highly lucrative business, is growing faster as it has gained its foothold not only in domestic but also in foreign markets. As a result, a variety of internet-based games are being loved or simply overlooked by the users all around the world. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of color on the user using RGB, the output value for the monitor, RGB of the background of the game was computed and compared to that of its characters to find out which colors are favored by the users, If we are based on these results, it is considered more easy in understanding the trends of users
Increased contribution of NR2A subunit to synaptic NMDA receptors in developing rat cortical neurons (1998)

Pharmacologically isolated miniature NMDA receptor‐mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (mN‐EPSCs) were recorded in large visual cortical neurons in layer V of rat cortical slices. Haloperidol (100 μ m ) and CP101,606 (10 μ m ), two specific blockers of NMDA receptors comprising NR1/NR2B subunits, were tested on mN‐EPSCs in rats at postnatal days 7 and 8 (P7–P8) and P13–P15. At both ages tested, no significant effects of these drugs were seen in the whole population of neurons, although in few neurons at both ages changes in amplitude were observed with haloperidol. Other dopamine receptor antagonists, spiperone and clozapine, failed to decrease mN‐EPSCs in cortical neurons at P13–P15. CP101,606 (10 μ m ) significantly decreased the amplitude of evoked N‐EPSCs (eN‐EPSCs) in visual cortical slices from rats at P3–P5, a developmental stage at which mRNA studies have indicated the virtual absence of NR2A mRNA. CP101,606 failed to significantly change evoked AMPA‐mediated EPSCs at P5 and eN‐EPSCs at P7–P8 and P13–P15. NMDA receptor‐mediated currents were also studied in somatic outside‐out patches at P13–P15 with fast application of l ‐glutamate (1 m m ). Haloperidol (50 μ m ) and CP101,606 (10 μ m ) blocked these currents in all patches tested. The effect of CP101,606 was concentration dependent. We suggest that rather early in development synaptic receptors comprising NR1/NR2B subunits could be associated with other subunits so that blockade by haloperidol and CP101,606 is prevented. Moreover, the consistent blockade seen in outside out patches might be ascribed to the confinement of NR1/NR2B receptors to an extrasynaptic population.
Valence Parity Renders <i>z<sup>•</sup></i>-Type Ions Chemically Distinct (2008)

Here we report that the odd electron z (*) -type ions formed by the electron-based peptide dissociation methods (electron capture or transfer, ECD or ETD) have distinctive chemical compositions from other common product ion types. Specifically, b-, c-, and y-type ions have an odd number of atoms with an odd valence (e.g., N and H), while z (*)-type ions contain an even number of atoms with an odd valence. This tenet, referred to as the valence parity rule, mandates that no c-type ion shall have the same chemical composition, and by extension mass, as a z (*) -type ion. By experiment we demonstrate that nearly half of all observed c- and z (*) -type product ions resulting from 226 ETD product ion spectra can be assigned to a single, correct, chemical composition and ion type by simple inspection of the m/ z peaks. The assignments provide (1) a platform to directly determine amino acid composition, (2) an input for database search algorithms, or (3) a basis for de novo sequence analysis.
Disaggregation of Connective Tissue: Preparation of Fibrous Components from Sea Cucumber Body Wall and Calf Skin (1973)

In order to study the nature of highly organized components of connective tissue, preparation of fibrous components of collagen in their intact form was attempted by chemical treatment. By use of a solution consisting of 0.5M NaCl, 0.1M Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.0, 0.05M EDTA-Na, and 0.2M β-mercaptoethanol the body wall of sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicus, and calf skin chips were found to be disaggregated into collagen fibril and fiber bundle, respectively. The collagen fiber-bundle of calf skin was further disaggregated into collagen fiber by stirring in acetic acid solution in the cold. The nature of the assembly of fibrous components of connective tissues was investigated with reference to animal and tissue sources.
Disease-modifying properties of long-term lithium treatment for amnestic mild cognitive impairment: randomised controlled trial (2011)

The present data support the notion that lithium has disease-modifying properties with potential clinical implications in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
Sex Steroids Control Neuroinflammatory Processes in the Brain: Relevance for Acute Ischaemia and Degenerative Demyelination (2011)

Sex steroids have been demonstrated as powerful compounds to protect neurones and neural tissue from neurotoxic challenges and during neurodegeneration. A multitude of cellular actions have been attributed to female gonadal steroid hormones, including the regulation of pro-survival and anti-apoptotic factors, bioenergetic demands and radical elimination, growth factor allocation and counteracting against excitotoxicity. In recent years, immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory characteristics of oestrogen and progesterone have also come under scrutiny. To date, each of these physiological responses has been considered to be partially and selectively integrated in the mediation of steroid-mediated cell protection and tested in suitable animal models and in vitro systems. To what extent these individual effects contribute to the overall neural protection remains sketchy. One idea is that a battery of cellular mechanisms operates at the same time. On the other hand, interactions and the control of the brain-intrinsic and peripheral immune system may play an additional and perhaps pioneering function in this scenario, notwithstanding the importance of secondary adjuvant mechanisms. In the present review, we highlight neuroprotective effects of oestrogen and progesterone in two different disease models of the brain, namely acute ischaemic and demyelination damage, which represent the most common acute and degenerative neurological disorders in humans. Besides other inflammatory parameters, we discuss the idea that chemokine expression and signalling appear to be early hallmarks in both diseases and are positively affected by sex steroids. In addition, the complex interplay with local brain-resident immune-competent cells appears to be controlled by the steroid environment.
The performance of a rotary magnet magnetic refrigerator with layered beds. (2010)

Astronautics has developed an upgraded version of its rotary magnet magnetic refrigerator, which employs a 1.4 T magnet rotating over twelve beds arranged circumferentially. The system has been extensively tested with the beds packed with a single layer of Gd as the magnetic refrigerant. We have observed over 840 W of cooling power at zero span, and 400 W at a span of 10°C, with 0.9 kg of Gd. The results are in reasonable agreement with theoretical prediction. Preliminary results at a lower flow rate with the beds packed with five layers of LaFeSiH are reported and include the observation of 400 W of cooling power over a span of 13.4°C, yielding an exergetic-equivalent cooling power of 19.0 W.
Liquid Chromatographic Procedure for Fermentation Product Analysis in the Identification of Anaerobic Bacteria (1981)

High-performance liquid chromatography with a cation-exchange resin-packed column was used to determine fermentation products of several known and unknown Clostridium species. The column was operated at 30 degrees C, and isocratic elution was done with 0.013 N H(2)SO(4). Sample preparation for high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis required only membrane filtration. Glucose and formate were readily determined. Quantitative results were easily obtained. Chromatograms of eight unknown strains could be matched with chromatograms of at least one of the type culture strain chromatograms. In some cases, additional testing was necessary before identification could be made. The same conclusions were reached by parallel testing with gas chromatography to determine fermentation products. High-performance liquid chromatography is simple to apply and, under some conditions, is faster than gas chromatography for fermentation product analysis.
Immunological quality and performance of tumor vessel-targeting CAR-T cells prepared by mRNA-EP for clinical research (2016)

We previously reported that tumor vessel-redirected T cells, which were genetically engineered with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), demonstrated significant antitumor effects in various murine solid tumor models. In the present study, we prepared anti-VEGFR2 CAR-T cells by CAR-coding mRNA electroporation (mRNA-EP) and analyzed their immunological characteristics and functions for use in clinical research. The expression of anti-VEGFR2 CAR on murine and human T cells was detected with approximately 100% efficiency for a few days, after peaking 6-12 hours after mRNA-EP. Triple transfer of murine anti-VEGFR2 CAR-T cells into B16BL6 tumor-bearing mice demonstrated an antitumor effect comparable to that for the single transfer of CAR-T cells engineered with retroviral vector. The mRNA-EP did not cause any damage or defects to human T-cell characteristics, as determined by viability, growth, and phenotypic parameters. Additionally, two kinds of human anti-VEGFR2 CAR-T cells, which expressed different CAR construction, differentiated to effector phase with cytokine secretion and cytotoxic activity in antigen-specific manner. These results indicate that our anti-VEGFR2 CAR-T cells prepared by mRNA-EP have the potential in terms of quality and performance to offer the prospect of safety and efficacy in clinical research as cellular medicine.
Receptor-mediated uptake and processing of vitamin D-binding protein in human B-lymphoid cells. (1992)

Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), a member of a multigene family including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin, is a serum glycoprotein that reversibly binds and transports vitamin D and its metabolites to target cells. In this work, we demonstrate that normal and malignant human B-lymphocytes specifically bind and internalize DBP. Radioiodinated DBP (125I-DBP) was used to follow the uptake of the protein by Raji cells, a human pre-B-lymphoma cell line. Time course studies of DBP uptake by these cells exhibited a saturable profile at both 4 and 37 degrees C. The binding saturation curve obtained by incubating Raji cells at 4 degrees C with different concentrations (1.5 nM to 1.5 microM) of 125I-DBP showed two saturation plateaus; Scatchard analysis showed the presence of two groups of receptor sites with a Kd1 of 2.04 x 10(-7) M (n1 = 42,161 +/- 4,336 sites/cell) and a Kd2 of 1.01 x 10(-6) M (n2 = 198,000 +/- 48,000 sites/cell). After incubation of Raji cells at 37 degrees C with both fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and horseradish peroxidase conjugates, DBP was internalized and could be localized in the cytoplasm. DBP-horseradish peroxidase conjugates were used to follow the uptake and to determine the endocytic pathway of the protein in Raji cells. The initial steps, contrary to those observed for AFP, did not apparently involve coated pits and vesicles. Small vesicles (approximately 50-60 nm) with electron-dense DBP-horseradish peroxidase reaction products were observed that could fuse with large endosomes. These endosomes appeared dispersed in the cytoplasm with some preferential localization in the Golgi centrosphere region. Pulse-chase experiments showed that only 10% of the uptaken protein was released in a nondegraded form. Accordingly, most DBP molecules accumulated in endosomes should be degraded in lysosomes, instead of being recycled back to the surface, as in the case of AFP. Contrary to malignant B-cells (Raji), the uptake ability for DBP of normal quiescent B-lymphocytes was very low. Specific binding and internalization of DBP-FITC by these cells were observed following mitogen-induced activation. Significant values of uptake were obtained at 37 degrees C after 72 h of incubation in the presence of pokeweed mitogen. The binding of DBP-FITC was partially inhibited in the presence of an excess of unlabeled protein. Taken together, the actual results suggest that DBP receptors are constitutively expressed by malignant B-cells and in a transitory form by normal B-lymphocytes undergoing mitogen-induced activation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Rodent Pest Management (2002)

Commensal mice and rats are among the most significant of all pests of the food and food-warehousing industry. Rodents attack foods or food ingredients directly, rendering such foods contaminated and lost. The presence of feces, hairs, or any other parts of rodents in, around, or on food, food preparation surfaces, or food containers is also considered adulteration.
[The problems of diagnostics, treatment and prevention arrangement in patients of therapeutic profile]. (2006)

The recent data research from many countries demonstrates that severe and sometime irreversible complications as a result of inadequate manipulations of physicians affect hundreds of thousands of people. The defects of treatment are more obvious in surgery than in therapy. To qualify the manipulations of the therapist as proper or non-proper is much more difficult as compared with erroneous conclusion in diagnostics. Underestimation and belated resolution of this issue is fraught with the most grave consequences.
Electrochemical Evaluation of La‐Ni‐Sn Metal Hydride Alloys (1994)

A detailed electrochemical evaluation of Sn‐modified was performed to evaluate its performance as a negative electrode in alkaline rechargeable cells. Substituting small amounts of Sn for Ni provides a large improvement in the initial capacity and cycle lifetime of the electrode, and also serves to improve the kinetics of hydrogen absorption‐desorption processes.
Ein bildgestütztes, funktionelles Verfahren zur optoelektronischen Erfassung der Hautperfusion (2008)

Within the scope of this PhD thesis an optoelectronic camera based measurement concept for assessment of skin perfusion (Photoplethysmography Imaging, short PPGI) has been developed. Analogue to the classical PPG variant with skin attached discrete sensors, the fact, that in the visible and near infrared spectrum blood has much higher absorption than surrounding bloodless tissue is utilised. When illuminating the skin with a selective light source, a detector can assess the optical attenuation, which is dependent on the dermal blood volume. By using a highly sensitive camera as a detector advantages over the current state of the art can be achieved - not only non invasive, but also contactless and spatially resolved assessment of the perfusion status of living tissue can be performed. For optimisation of the camera based PPGI sensor concept Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out. They allow the analysis of the interaction processes between incident light and tissue. As one result the observation depth in the skin can be determined. This depth was found to be strongly dependent on the wavelength and can vary from 0.2 mm for the assessment of the micro circulation up to 2mm for measurements of the macro circulation. By using parametrised simulation scenarios a variable blood volume in the skin, i.e. caused by the arterial heart beat, was emulated and thus the detector signal could be predicted by DC- and also AC-component. This allows the evaluation and optimisation of the sensitivity of the measurement system. Due to the contactless measurement principle motion induced artifacts can occur. For the detection and minimisation of these artifacts different strategies for movement compensation have been investigated. Their efficacy has been evaluated on the basis of typical recordings. Signal analysis of the PPGI video sequences can either be done interactively by selecting skin regions for which the time varying optical attenuation and hence the skin perfusion is calculated, or automatic algorithms for the functional mapping can be executed. Here different signal characteristics like amplitude of the heart beat, intensity of vasomotion rhythms, etc. can be calculated for different local regions and displayed spatially resolved in the form of colour coded virtual perfusion maps of the observed skin region. The PPGI system has already been used in several preclinical test and pilot studies and possible applications were explored. These range from basic physiological research over functional diagnostics of the venous system of the lower limbs to arterial diagnostics. The manifold application scenarios include here the contactless monitoring of vital parameters of newborn infants, the assessment and quantification of peripheral perfusion disorders, functional survey of wounds and skin tumors and also the quantification of allergic skin reactions.
Correlations for wall and particle shape effects on fixed bed bulk voidage (1988)

Abstract Correlations have been derived, by both geometrical arguments and empirical treatment of data, for the bulk void fraction in a fixed bed. The void fraction has been correlated as a function of particle‐to‐tube diameter ratio for packings of spheres and equilateral solid cylinders. Prediction of void fraction for equilateral hollow cylinders can be made from the solid cylinder correlation, provided a correction factor is included that allows for internal voidage and interpenetration of packings.
When two are better than one: bright phosphorescence from non-stereogenic dinuclear iridium(<scp>iii</scp>) complexes (2016)

A new family of eight dinuclear iridium(iii) complexes has been prepared, featuring 4,6-diarylpyrimidines L(y) as bis-N^C-coordinating bridging ligands. The metal ions are also coordinated by a terminal N^C^N-cyclometallating ligand L(X) based on 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzene, and by a monodentate chloride or cyanide. The general formula of the compounds is {IrL(X)Z}2L(y) (Z = Cl or CN). The family comprises examples with three different L(X) ligands and five different diarylpyrimidines L(y), of which four are diphenylpyrimidines and one is a dithienylpyrimidine. The requisite proligands have been synthesised via standard cross-coupling methodology. The synthesis of the complexes involves a two-step procedure, in which L(X)H is reacted with IrCl3·3H2O to form dinuclear complexes of the form [IrL(X)Cl(μ-Cl)]2, followed by treatment with the diarylpyrimidine L(y)H2. Crucially, each complex is formed as a single compound only: the strong trans influence of the metallated rings dictates the relative disposition of the ligands, whilst the use of symmetrically substituted tridentate ligands eliminates the possibility of Λ and Δ enantiomers that are obtained when bis-bidentate units are linked through bridging ligands. The crystal structure of one member of the family has been obtained using a synchrotron X-ray source. All of the complexes are very brightly luminescent, with emission maxima in solution varying over the range 517-572 nm, according to the identity of the ligands. The highest-energy emitter is the cyanide derivative whilst the lowest is the complex with the dithienylpyrimidine. The trends in both the absorption and emission energies as a function of ligand substituent have been rationalised accurately with the aid of TD-DFT calculations. The lowest-excited singlet and triplet levels correlate with the trend in the HOMO-LUMO gap. All the complexes have quantum yields that are close to unity and phosphorescence lifetimes - of the order of 500 ns - that are unusually short for complexes of such brightness. These impressive properties stem from an unusually high rate of radiative decay, possibly due to spin-orbit coupling pathways being facilitated by the second metal ion, and to low non-radiative decay rates that may be related to the rigidity of the dinuclear scaffold.
Using Hardware Ray Transforms to Accelerate Ray/Primitive Intersections for Long, Thin Primitive Types (2020)

With the recent addition of hardware ray tracing capabilities, GPUs have become incredibly efficient at ray tracing both triangular geometry, and instances thereof. However, the bounding volume hierarchies that current ray tracing hardware relies on are known to struggle with long, thin primitives like cylinders and curves, because the axis-aligned bounding boxes that these hierarchies rely on cannot tightly bound such primitives. In this paper, we evaluate the use of RTX ray tracing capabilities to accelerate these primitives by tricking the GPU's instancing units into executing a hardware-accelerated oriented bounding box (OBB) rejection test before calling the user's intersection program. We show that this can be done with minimal changes to the intersection programs and demonstrate speedups of up to 5.9× on a variety of data sets.
Books (1974)

Books Sickle Cell Disease: Diagnosis, Management, Education, and Research. Co-chairmen and Editors, Abramson Harold, Bertles John F., Wethers Doris L.. Publisher, C. V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1973, $29.50.Clinical Laboratory Statistics. Author, Barnett Roy N., M.D. Publisher, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1971. 197 pages. $14.50 H. H. Marsh H. H. Marsh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laboratory Medicine, Volume 5, Issue 9, 1 September 1974, Pages 67–69, https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/5.9.67 Published: 01 September 1974