gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic properties and dynamic domain behavior in grain-oriented 3% Si-Fe (1996)

The magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials are based on dynamic behavior of magnetic domain walls. Many domain structure studies have contributed to the progress of magnetic materials. In this paper, the present state of new development in advanced grain-oriented silicon steel is introduced through the aid of dynamic domain observation of real materials with forsterite film. The basic magnetic phenomena of material, such as the dynamic behavior of surface closure domains, domain wall pinning, and domain structure under rotating magnetization, are explained mainly through the observation of static and dynamic domain wall movements under a high-voltage scanning electron microscope. A few techniques for manufacturing the latest grain-oriented silicon steel, such as improvement in alignment with (110) [001] orientation, increase in the number of mobile domain walls, and relaxation of domain wall pinning, are also described through the observation of dynamic domain patterns. Examples of core losses are given for ideal grain-oriented silicon steel as industrial material, and future developments are predicted.
Behaviour Modification in Teaching Strategy: Some Emergent Problems and Suggested Solutions (1977)

Summary In recent years, behaviour modification techniques have come to play a significant role in the range of management and teaching strategies employed in educational settings. Many of the problems which arise when introducing and implementing these techniques in the ordinary school setting have not been adequately discussed in the literature. This paper discusses some of the possible difficulties and suggests some solutions. Three areas are of particular concern: the training of the teachers involved, the question of teacher attitudes and motivation in relation to a behaviour modification approach, and the impact of school organizational and administrative structure.
<sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA PET/CT Detects the Location and Extent of Primary Prostate Cancer (2016)

<sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA PET/CT accurately detected the location and extent of primary prostate cancer. Our preliminary findings warrant further investigation of <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA PET/CT in conjunction with needle biopsy.
Computer Identification of Machined Surfaces (1984)

Abstract This paper highlights a new noncontact technique to assess the differences in surface characteristics of components machined by shaping, milling, turning, and grinding processes. The method suggested here is a laboratory analysis based on the process of intensity Fourier transformation taking place on the surface under testing. The measurements are made on the spatial frequency spectrum of the ground surface as an example, using lasers, rather than on the image of the surface. The results are analyzed by using an in-process microprocessor system to evaluate the surface characteristics immediately.
Establishing a mass spectrometry-based system for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in large clinical sample cohorts (2020)

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is pressing public health systems around the world, and large population testing is a key step to control this pandemic disease. Here, we develop a high-throughput targeted proteomics assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein peptides directly from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. A modified magnetic particle-based proteomics approach implemented on a robotic liquid handler enables fully automated preparation of 96 samples within 4 hours. A TFC-MS system allows multiplexed analysis of 4 samples within 10 min, enabling the processing of more than 500 samples per day. We validate this method qualitatively (Tier 3) and quantitatively (Tier 1) using 985 specimens previously analyzed by real-time RT-PCR, and detect up to 84% of the positive cases with up to 97% specificity. The presented strategy has high sample stability and should be considered as an option for SARS-CoV-2 testing in large populations.
Source Localization in Sensor Networks with Rayleigh Faded Signals (2007)

Source localization is investigated for a sensor network with passive sensors. The signal emitted by the source endures Rayleigh fading during its propagation, and its average intensity is a function of the distance from the source. Maximum likelihood (ML) source location estimators that use the output, or its quantized version, of the non-coherent receiver is proposed. The ML estimators' Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) are derived. Due to the fading effect, the proposed estimator's performance is degraded, compared to the ideal case without fading. However, it can still accurately estimate the source's position and intensity, and achieve its CRLB with relatively small amount of resources, namely small number of observations, sensors and quantization bits.
Getting the Best From Formation Tester Sampling (2002)

Abstract Formation Testers provide valuable information on compositional gradient within a reservoir fluid column. But it has been established that fluid samples obtained with oil-based muds (OBM) are contaminated by the filtrate to an extent dependent on the "pump out" time and the original fluid properties. Except in some very specific cases, the contamination reaches a residual asymptotic level with the pump-out duration. When fluid viscosity is high, the residual contamination is high too and its impact on the physical properties can be huge. New techniques have been developped to deal with contaminated samples. This paper describes different ways to get rid of contamination and assess the reservoir fluid composition and associated PVT properties. It then offers some recommendations for sampling procedures. A distinction is made between simple miscible cases and complex two-phase cases where the mass exchange between reservoir fluid and filtrate is no longer negligible. Three decontamination methods are presented, and the reliability of the calculated properties of the de-contaminated fluid is discussed. Through field examples, the paper provides a methodology for dealing with contaminated samples and tips for getting the best from Formation Tester samples. The main contributions are the methodology for decontamination of Formation Tester samples in the case of OBM drilling, and the integration of the information from this sampling tool into the reservoir fluid evaluation procedure
Esterification of 7-theophyllineacetic acid with diethylene glycol monomethyl ether. (2006)

The kinetics of esterification of 7-theophyllineacetic acid with diethylene glycol monomethyl ether in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine as catalyst was studied. According to the known mechanism, besides the main process, the side-reaction of intramolecular rearrangement with formation of pharmacologically active N-acylurea occurs. The course of the main and the side-process was monitored by RP-HPLC with UV-detection. For that purpose, quantification of both ester and N-acylurea in the reaction mixture was performed. Influence of the concentration of the reactants (acid, alcohol and catalyst) on the progress of esterification and preparation of the by-product was investigated. Based on the obtained results, the reaction conditions leading to maximal yield of the ester and N-acylurea are proposed. The possibility of turning esterification to the synthesis of the side-product was also found. Reactions of the preparation of both the ester and N-acylurea were found to follow first-order kinetics. The rate constants of both processes were estimated.
Ultrasound Focusing by Use of Apertures with Different Pitches and Ultrasound Imaging by Use of a Hemispheric Transducer Array (2011)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rochester. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2011.
Nanocomposites of polyurethane with various organoclays: Thermomechanical properties, morphology, and gas permeability* (2002)

Abstract The properties of polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites with three different organoclays were compared in terms of their thermal stabilities, mechanical properties, morphologies, and gas permeabilities. Hexadecylamine–montmorillonite, dodecyltrimethyl ammonium–montmorillonite, and Cloisite 25A were used as organoclays for making PU hybrid films. The properties were examined as a function of the organoclay content in a matrix polymer. Transmission electron microscopy photographs showed that most clay layers were dispersed homogeneously into the matrix polymer on the nanoscale, although some particles of clay were agglomerated. Moreover, the addition of only a small amount of organoclay was enough to improve the thermal stabilities and mechanical properties of PU hybrid films, whereas gas permeability was reduced. Even polymers with low organoclay contents (3–4 wt %) showed much higher strength and modulus values than pure PU. Gas permeability was reduced linearly with an increasing amount of organoclay in the PU matrix. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 670–677, 2002; DOI 10.1002/polb.10124
Preclinical and Clinical Manifestations of Paratuberculosis (Including Pathology) (1996)

The term Johne's disease immediately brings to mind an image of an emaciated, debilitated ruminant with bottlejaw and fluid, pipestream diarrhea. However, the clinical case is merely the tip of the iceberg in terms of the total number of infected animals on the farm. If the clinically affected animal was born on the farm, a minimum of 25 other animals are probably infected and less than 30% of those will be detectable by currently available tests. Infected animals in the early stages of the disease progress slowly over a period of months or several years to stages that may be detected by antigen detection tests and antibody-based diagnostic tests. The duration of each stage of infection depends on age at the time of exposure and the dose of organisms ingested. The lack of tests sensitive enough to detect infected animals in the earliest stages of disease is a serious obstacle to eradication of Johne's disease. The animals with overt infection may be culled from the herd immediately on detection. However, the animals that are shedding organisms below the threshold of detectability and have not mounted an immune response remain behind to contaminate the environment and infect herdmates.
Structures and thermodynamics of the mixed alkali alanates (2005)

The thermodynamics and structural properties of the hexahydride alanates $({\mathrm{M}}_{2}{\mathrm{M}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{H}}_{6})$ with the elpasolite structure have been investigated. A series of mixed alkali alanates (${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}\mathrm{LiAl}{\mathrm{H}}_{6},$ ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}\mathrm{LiAl}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}$, and ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}\mathrm{NaAl}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}$) were synthesized and found to reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen without the need for a catalyst. Pressure-composition isotherms were measured to investigate the thermodynamics of the absorption and desorption reactions with hydrogen. Isotherms for catalyzed (4 mol% $\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{Cl}}_{3}$) and uncatalyzed ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}\mathrm{LiAl}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}$ exhibited an increase in kinetics, but no change in the bulk thermodynamics with the addition of a dopant. A structural analysis using synchrotron x-ray diffraction showed that these compounds favor the $Fm\overline{3}m$ space group with the smaller ion $({\mathrm{M}}^{\ensuremath{'}})$ occupying an octahedral site. These results demonstrate that appropriate cation substitutions can be used to stabilize or destabilize the material and may provide an avenue to improving the unfavorable thermodynamics of a number of materials with promising gravimetric hydrogen densities.
Wireless communications in tunnels for urban search and rescue robots (2008)

We report on propagation tests carried out in a subterranean tunnel to support improved wireless communications for urban search and rescue robots. We describe single-frequency and ultrawideband channel-characterization tests that we conducted, as well as tests of telemetry and control of a robot. We utilize propagation models of both single-frequency path loss and channel capacity to predict robot performance. These models can also be used for optimizing wireless communications in tunnels of various sizes, materials, and surface roughness.
Human CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Maintain Immune Tolerance to Nickel in Healthy, Nonallergic Individuals (2003)

We investigated the capacity of CD25(+) T regulatory cells (Treg) to modulate T cell responses to nickel, a common cause of allergic contact dermatitis. CD4(+) T cells isolated from the peripheral blood of six healthy, nonallergic individuals showed a limited capacity to proliferate in response to nickel in vitro, but responsiveness was strongly augmented (mean increment +/- SD, 240 +/- 60%) when cells were depleted of CD25(+) Treg. Although CD25(+) Treg were anergic to nickel, a small percentage up-regulated membrane CTLA-4 upon nickel exposure. CD25(+) Treg strongly and dose-dependently inhibited nickel-specific activation of CD25(-) T lymphocytes in coculture experiments in a cytokine-independent, but cell-to-cell contact-dependent, manner. Approximately 30% of circulating CD25(+) Treg expressed the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated Ag (CLA), and CLA(+)CD25(+) Treg were more efficient than CLA(-)CD25(+) cells in suppressing nickel responsiveness of CD25(-) T cells. The site of a negative patch test in response to nickel showed an infiltrate of CD4(+)CLA(+) cells and CD25(+) cells, which accounted for approximately 20% of the total T cells isolated from the tissue. Skin-derived T cells suppressed nickel-specific responses of peripheral blood CD25(-) T cells. In addition, 60 +/- 14% of peripheral blood CD25(+) Treg expressed the chemokine receptor CCR7 and strongly inhibited naive T cell activation in response to nickel. Finally, CD25(+) T cells isolated from peripheral blood of nickel-allergic patients showed a limited or absent capacity to suppress metal-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses. The results indicates that in healthy individuals CD25(+) Treg can control the activation of both naive and effector nickel-specific T cells.
Palladium-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective Hydrosilylation of Electron-Deficient Alkynes (2012)

Highly regio- and stereoselective hydrosilylation applicable to a broad range of electron-deficient alkynes has been established using palladium catalysis. The synthetic utility of the method has been demonstrated by further transformations of α-silylalkenes, particularly Hiyama coupling and stereoinverting iododesilylation followed by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, which enables stereodivergent syntheses of α-arylenoates.
A first course in order statistics (1993)

Basic Distribution Theory Discrete Order Statistics Order Statistics from Some Specific Distributions Moment Relations, Bounds, and Approximations Characterizations Using Order Statistics Order Statistics in Statistical Inference Asymptotic Theory Record Values Bibliography Indexes.
The Recent Ascent in Stock Prices: How Exuberant Are You? (1999)

Federal Reserve System; Stock - Prices
In vivo investigation of blood compatibility of titanium oxide films (1998)

Titanium oxide films were synthesized by ionbeam-enhanced deposition. The films were prepared by depositing titanium atoms and simultaneously bombarding them with Xe+ ions at an energy of 40 keV in an O2 environment. An in vivo investigation, which entailed implanting low-temperature isotropic pyrolytic carbon (LTI carbon) cylinders, widely used to fabricate artificial heart valves, and titanium-oxide-coated LTI carbon cylinders with diameters of 5 mm and thicknesses of 0.5 mm into the ventral aorta of dogs for 14 days, showed that the amount of thrombus on the titanium-oxide-coated LTI carbon was much less than that formed on the surface of LTI carbon alone. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of thrombus. On the titanium oxide films no platelet aggregation was found, almost no red blood cells were damaged, and almost no fibrin was found on the surface. However, all three characteristics were found on the surface of LTI carbon alone, proving that the blood compatibility of titanium oxide films is better than that of LTI carbon and titanium-oxide-coated LTI carbon.
Azithromycin for Prevention of Exacerbations of COPD (2011)

Among selected subjects with COPD, azithromycin taken daily for 1 year, when added to usual treatment, decreased the frequency of exacerbations and improved quality of life but caused hearing decrements in a small percentage of subjects. Although this intervention could change microbial resistance patterns, the effect of this change is not known. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00325897.).
Adjuvant Therapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Past, Present, and Future (2014)

At the present time, the standard of care for patients who have received nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is radiographic surveillance. With a number of novel targeted agents showing activity in the setting of metastatic RCC, there has been great interest in exploring the potential of the same agents in the adjuvant setting. Herein, we discuss the evolution of adjuvant trials in RCC, spanning from the immunotherapy era to the targeted therapy era. Pitfalls of current studies are addressed to provide a context for interpreting forthcoming results. Finally, we outline avenues to incorporate promising investigational agents, such as PD-1 (programmed death-1) inhibitors and MNNG transforming gene inhibitors, in future adjuvant trials.
Selective Electrical Silencing of Mammalian Neurons<i>In Vitro</i>by the Use of Invertebrate Ligand-Gated Chloride Channels (2002)

Selectively reducing the excitability of specific neurons will (1) allow for the creation of animal models of human neurological disorders and (2) provide insight into the global function of specific sets of neurons. We focus on a combined genetic and pharmacological approach to silence neurons electrically. We express invertebrate ivermectin (IVM)-sensitive chloride channels (Caenorhabditis elegans GluCl alpha and beta) with a Sindbis virus and then activate these channels with IVM to produce inhibition via a Cl- conductance. We constructed a three-cistron Sindbis virus that expresses the alpha and beta subunits of a glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) along with the green fluorescent protein (EGFP) marker. Expression of the C. elegans channel does not affect the normal spike activity or GABA/glutamate postsynaptic currents of cultured embryonic day 18 hippocampal neurons. At concentrations as low as 5 nm, IVM activates a Cl- current large enough to silence infected neurons effectively. This conductance reverses in 8 hr. These low concentrations of IVM do not potentiate GABA responses. Comparable results are observed with plasmid transfection of yellow fluorescent protein-tagged (EYFP) GluCl alpha and cyan fluorescent protein-tagged (ECFP) GluCl beta. The present study provides an in vitro model mimicking conditions that can be obtained in transgenic mice and in viral-mediated gene therapy. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of using invertebrate ligand-activated Cl- channels as an approach to modulate excitability.
Time-Series Pattern Based Effective Noise Generation for Privacy Protection on Cloud (2014)

Cloud computing is proposed as an open and promising computing paradigm where customers can deploy and utilize IT services in a pay-as-you-go fashion while saving huge capital investment in their own IT infrastructure. Due to the openness and virtualization, various malicious service providers may exist in these cloud environments, and some of them may record service data from a customer and then collectively deduce the customer's private information without permission. Therefore, from the perspective of cloud customers, it is essential to take certain technical actions to protect their privacy at client side. Noise obfuscation is an effective approach in this regard by utilizing noise data. For instance, noise service requests can be generated and injected into real customer service requests so that malicious service providers would not be able to distinguish which requests are real ones if these requests’ occurrence probabilities are about the same, and consequently related customer privacy can be protected. Currently, existing representative noise generation strategies have not considered possible fluctuations of occurrence probabilities. In this case, the probability fluctuation could not be concealed by existing noise generation strategies, and it is a serious risk for the customer's privacy. To address this probability fluctuation privacy risk, we systematically develop a novel time-series pattern based noise generation strategy for privacy protection on cloud. First, we analyze this privacy risk and present a novel cluster based algorithm to generate time intervals dynamically. Then, based on these time intervals, we investigate corresponding probability fluctuations and propose a novel time-series pattern based forecasting algorithm. Lastly, based on the forecasting algorithm, our novel noise generation strategy can be presented to withstand the probability fluctuation privacy risk. The simulation evaluation demonstrates that our strategy can significantly improve the effectiveness of such cloud privacy protection to withstand the probability fluctuation privacy risk.
Mechanism of the (Diimine)copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Aziridination of Alkenes. Nitrene Transfer via Ligand-Accelerated Catalysis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of the (Diimine)copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Aziridination of Alkenes. Nitrene Transfer via Ligand-Accelerated CatalysisZhen Li, Roger W. Quan, and Eric N. JacobsenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 21, 5889–5890Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00126a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00126a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4162Altmetric-Citations353LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts