Iron Metabolism: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Consequences (2009)

Preface. 1. Solution Chemistry of Iron in Biological Media. 1.1 Aqueous Solution Chemistry of Iron. 1.2 Biomineralisation. References. 2. The Importance of Iron for Biological Systems. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Physical Techniques for the Study of Iron in Biological Systems. 2.3 Haemoproteins. 2.4 Iron-Sulfur Proteins. 2.5 Other Iron Containing Proteins. 3. Microbial Iron Transport and Metabolism. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Siderophores. 3.3 Intracellular Iron Metabolism. 3.4 Control of Gene Expression by Iron. 4. Iron Uptake by Plants and Fungi. 4.1 Iron Acquisition by Plants. 4.2 Iron Acquisition by Yeast. References. 5. Cellular Iron Uptake and Export in Mammals. 5.1 The Transferrins. 5.2 Structure of Transferrins. 5.3 Transferrin Iron Binding and Release. 5.4 Iron Uptake by Mammalian Cells - Uptake of Transferrin Bound Iron. 5.5 Cellular Iron Uptake and Export. 5.6 Uptake of Iron from Other Sources than Transferrin. 5.7 Nontransferrin Bound Iron. 5.8 Ferritin Bound Iron. 5.9 Haptoglobin and Haemopexin as Iron Transporters. References. 6. Intracellular Iron Storage and Biomineralisation. 6.1 Intracellular Iron Storage. 6.2 Biomineralisation. 7. Intracellular Iron Metabolism and Cellular Iron Homeostasis. 7.1 Intracellular Iron Metabolism. 7.2 Cellular Iron Homeostasis. References. 8. Iron Absorption in Mammals, with Particular Reference to Man, and Regulation of Systemic Iron Balance. 8.1 Iron Metabolism in Man: An Overview. 8.2 Sources of Dietary Iron in Man and the Importance of Luminal Factors. 8.3 Iron Losses and Requirements for Absorbed Iron. 8.4 Molecular Mechanisms of Mucosal Iron Absorption. 8.5 Regulation of Iron Uptake by the Enterocyte. 8.6 Regulation of Systemic Iron Balance. References. 9. Pathophysiology of Iron Deficiency and Iron Overload in Man. 9.1 Introduction: Acquired and Genetic Disorders of Iron Metabolism. 9.2 Homeostatic Control of the Internal Milieu and Consequences of Its Disruption. 9.3 Iron Overload Syndromes. 9.4 Primary Iron Overload, Hereditary Haemochromatosis (HH). 9.5 Secondary Iron Overload. 9.6 Iron Deficiency and IDA. 9.7 Anaemia of Chronic Disease. 9.8 Conclusions. References. 10. Iron and Oxidative Stress. 10.1 Introduction to Free Radicals. 10.2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). 10.3 Cytoprotective Enzymes and Antioxidants. 10.4 Ageing and Cytoprotection. 10.5 Oxidative Stress. 10.6 Cyclin Dependent Kinases. 10.7 Deregulation of Calcium Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress. 10.8 Nitric Oxide and Cyclic Guaylate Cyclase. 10.9 Activation of cAMP Dependent PKA. 10.10 Importance of Iron, ROS and RNS in Phagocytic Cells. 11. Brain Iron Homeostasis and Its Perturbation in Various Neurodegenerative Diseases. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Mechanisms for Iron Transport into Brain. 11.3 Importance of Iron in the Developing Foetus. 11.4 Iron Uptake and Turnover Within the Brain. 11.5 Importance of IRPs in Brain Iron Homeostasis. 11.6 Brain Iron Speciation. 11.7 Neurodegenerative Diseases. References. 12. Interactions Between Iron and Other Metals. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Interactions Between Iron and Essential Metals. 12.3 Iron and Toxic Metals. References. Concluding Remarks. Index.