gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gestão de periódicos na área de educação (2020)

Com o aumento crescente de pesquisas na área educacional, novos desafios se colocam para autores e pesquisadores que querem divulgar seu trabalho – artigo, ensaio teórico, relatos de experiência – em periódicos qualificados. Em tempos digitais, revistas científicas estão inseridas na rede, permitindo acesso em qualquer lugar, a qualquer momento. Somente em 2016, mais de dois milhões de publicações foram inseridas na rede. Para ajudar na busca por trabalhos de qualidade, as bases de indexação elaboram critérios específicos para aceitar o periódico em seus acervos. Estar em uma base qualificada representa, porém, qualidade para a publicação ali depositada? Quais os critérios mais adequados para se avaliar periódicos e publicações? Ajudar a aprofundar estas questões e desenhar cenários que possam oferecer reflexões sobre possibilidades de respostas norteiam a construção deste texto. Trata-se de ensaio teórico, a partir de levantamento bibliográfico que se utiliza da busca por palavras-chave: publicação; periódicos; qualidade na publicação científica; comunicação cientifica; indexação de periódicos; critérios de avaliação. Com as informações reunidas, o texto discute o universo concreto da edição científica brasileira em Educação, tomando como ponto de partida a experiência dos autores na liderança de equipes editoriais. Frente às exigências específicas de cientificidade e internacionalização, rebatidas particularmente nos procedimentos de indexação, torna-se vital desenhar estratégias para a indexação dos periódicos. Necessidades a serem atendidas, nos próximos anos, por revistas, terão que ser reguladas por novos modelos de negócio para o setor e novas políticas editoriais e cientificas.
Large-eddy simulation of a circular cylinder on unstructured grids (2002)

A computational study of unsteady, separated, low-Reynolds number fluid flow is made using a second-order accurate, cell-centered finite-volume method on unstructured grids. The three-dimensional simulations include large- eddy simulation turbulence modeling using a fixed-coefficient Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model. The flow about a three-dimensional circular cylinder at Reynolds number 3900 and Mach number 0.2 was studied using a standard Navier-Stokes formulation with and without the subgrid-scale modeling. A third case was also tested using a modified form of the Navier-Stokes equations with subgrid-scale modeling. Comparisons are made with experiment and selected three-dimensional numerical calculations performed on structured grids. The frequency of the unsteady vortex shedding was in good agreement with experiment, however, the numerical dissipation inherent in the upwind flux calculations affected the details of the time-averaged flowfield. The results showed an increased base pressure, shortened recirculation zones in the cylinder wake, and excessive drag compared to experiment for all cases.
Analysis of specific bacteria from environmental samples using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (2002)

This article describes the use of quantitative PCR for measuring bacterial abundance in environmental samples. The two approaches discussed are: 1) The use of an internal PCR standard constructed to be the same size and have the same sequence as the primary amplification target, but differing from the primary target by 2-3 bases, corresponding to a unique restriction site. This allows the amount of target amplicon to be compared with the internal standard and circumvents the problem of differential amplification efficiencies when using dissimilar targets and standard amplicons. 2) The use of Taqman technology (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California) with a dual labeled oligonucleotide probe which binds internal to the PCR primers. The detection of Bacteroides is used as an example for both approaches.
Makromolekulare, grenzflächenaktive Stoffe (1955)

Abstract Es wird über die Grenzflächenaktivität einiger Vinylpolymerer an der Grenzfläche Luft‐Wasser und Öl‐Wasser berichtet. Auf einer wäßrigen Polymethacrylsäurelösung kann aus einer alkoholischen Lösung Polymethacrylsäure gespreitet werden, ohne daß ein Übergang zwischen der gespreiteten und der darunterliegenden adsorbierten Schicht stattfindet. Aus dem Flächenbedarf der gespreiteten Moleküle und aus der berechneten Aktivierungsschwelle folgt, daß die Moleküle in der gespreiteten Schicht nahezu entknäuelt sind. Die Oberflächenaktivität der Polymethacrylsäure ist bei gleicher Normalität geringer als die von Isobuttersäure. Sie nimmt mit steigender Ionisation ab und verschwindet bei 20%iger Ionisation. Polyvinylpyrrolidon hat eine geringere Grenzflächenaktivität als Polymethacrylsäure. Vinylpyrrolidon‐Vinylchlorid‐Copolymerisate weisen geringere Grenzflächenaktivität als die Copolymeren mit Styrol auf.
Accumulation of DNA Damage and Reduced Levels of Nicotine Adenine Dinucleotide in the Brains of Atm-deficient Mice (2002)

Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a human genetic disorder caused by mutational inactivation of the ATM gene. A-T patients display a pleiotropic phenotype, in which a major neurological feature is progressive ataxia due to degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje and granule neurons. Disruption of the mouse Atm locus creates a murine model of A-T that exhibits most of the clinical and cellular features of the human disease, but the neurological phenotype is barely expressed. We present evidence for the accumulation of DNA strand breaks in the brains of Atm(-/-), supporting the notion that ATM plays a major role in maintaining genomic stability. We also show a perturbation of the steady state levels of pyridine nucleotides. There is a significant decrease in both the reduced and the oxidized forms of NAD and in the total levels of NADP(T) and NADP(+) in the brains of Atm(-/-) mice. The changes in NAD(T), NADH, NAD(+), NADP(T), and NADP(+) were progressive and observed primarily in the cerebellum of 4-month-old Atm(-/-) mice. Higher rates of mitochondrial respiration were also recorded in 4-month-old Atm(-/-) cerebella. Taken together, our findings support the hypothesis that absence of functional ATM results in continuous stress, which may be an important cause of the degeneration of cerebellar neurons in A-T.
Effects of Dietary Components on Testosterone Metabolism via UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase (2013)

THE POTENTIAL INTERFERENCE IN TESTOSTERONE METABOLISM THROUGH INGESTED SUBSTANCES HAS RAMIFICATIONS FOR: (i) a range of pathologies such as prostate cancer, (ii) medication contra-indications, (iii) disruption to the endocrine system, and (iv) potential confounding effects on doping tests. Conjugation of anabolic steroids during phase II metabolism, mainly driven by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7, 2B15, and 2B17, has been shown to be impaired in vitro by a range of compounds including xenobiotics and pharmaceuticals. Following early reports on the effects of a range of xenobiotics on UGT activity in vitro, the work was extended to reveal similar effects with common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Notably, recent studies have evidenced inhibitory effects of the common foodstuffs green tea and red wine, along with their constituent flavonoids and catechins. This review amalgamates the existing evidence for the inhibitory effects of various pharmaceutical and dietary substances on the rate of UGT glucuronidation of testosterone; and evaluates the potential consequences for health linked to steroid levels, interaction with treatment drugs metabolized by the UGT enzyme and steroid abuse in sport.
Similar Nuclear Factors Mediate Stimulation of Rat Thyroglobulin Gene Transcription by Thyrotropin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (1990)

Transcription of the thyroglobulin (TG) gene in rat thyroid FRTL-5 cells is stimulated by two hormones, TSH and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). The effect of TSH is mimicked by cAMP. Promoter regions of the rat TG gene responsible for hormonal action as well as the nuclear regulatory proteins that interact with these regions were characterized. Minimal promoter that responds to both hormones has been found to be up to -171 basepairs from the transcription initiation site. In DNase-I footprinting analysis, nuclear extracts from cells treated with either of these hormones protected the same two major regions within the minimal promoter. Mutations in these two regions abolished basal, TSH-stimulated, as well as IGF-I-stimulated expression of the fused reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. DNA mobility shift assay revealed that cAMP and IGF-I induce binding of similar nuclear proteins to these promoter regions. These results suggest that rat TG gene transcription is regulated by the convergent action of two distinct signaling pathways, possibly involving similar DNA-binding nuclear proteins and regulatory sequences of the TG gene promoter.
Analog Viterbi decoding for high speed digital satellite channels (1977)

Analog means for implementing the Viterbi decoding algorithm at high data rates are presented. One approach employs sample-and-hold circuits and voltage adders to store and update the path metrics based upon maximum-likelihood decisions. Experimental results obtained from a breadboard realization of such a decoder are reported. An alternate approach employing tapped delay lines to store the analog channel waveform is also described. Analytical results pertaining to each implementation are presented.
Optimization and Implementation of SIW Slot Array for Both Medium- and Long-Range 77 GHz Automotive Radar Application (2018)

In this communication, a novel substrate integrated waveguide slot array with flat-shoulder-shaped radiation pattern is introduced for both 77 GHz automotive medium-range radar and long-range radar applications. The operational principle of the antenna is introduced, while the synthesis of the desired radiation pattern is facilitated by a mixed optimization method, including nonlinear fitting and aggressive space mapping. Experiments are carried out and the measured peak gain of the proposed array is 21.7 dBi. The demonstrated antenna presents to be an excellent candidate for 77 GHz automotive radar application.
A Novel Approach to Anticoagulation Control (1989)

Heparin used in extracorporeal therapy often leads to bleeding complications. Protamine used for heparin reversal can cause adverse hemodynamic responses. To control both types of complications, a cellulosic hollow-fiber filter device containing immobilized protamine (defined as a protamine filter) was developed. In vivo experiments with dogs showed that the filter not only removed more than 80% of the anticoagulant activity of heparin, but also caused no clinically significant hemodynamic response. In addition, the protamine filter also significantly attenuated both the thrombocytopenic and granulocytopenic responses associated with the use of protamine. Moreover, the use of immobilized protamine considerably reduced activation of the blood complement system by free protamine.
An optimal broadcasting algorithm without message redundancy in star graphs (1995)

Based on the V.E. Mendia and D. Sarkar's algorithm (1992), we propose an optimal and nonredundant distributed broadcasting algorithm in star graphs. For an n-dimensional star graph, our algorithm takes O(n log/sub 2/ n) time and guarantees that all nodes in the star graph receive the message exactly once. Moreover, broadcasting m packets in a pipeline fashion takes O(m log/sub 2/ n+n log/sub 2/ n) time due to the nonredundant property of our broadcasting algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Speech Power and Its Measurement<sup>1</sup> (1929)

The paper is chiefly concerned with the important speech power quantities — frequency spectra, distributions of instantaneous, average, syllabic and peak amplitudes, etc. — as they obtain in actual speech for a large range of voices, talking levels, and subject matters. The analysis is not nearly so complete nor so fine-grained as that which, in principle, can be derived from oscillographic records of individual speech sounds. Its advantage is in the speed with which data can be secured, under widely varying conditions and on a scale which warrants statistical conclusions. Some of the methods in use for measurements of this type are described. A “level analyzer” has been developed, primarily for the measurement of average and peak pressure amplitudes in speech and music, both as to magnitude and as to position in the frequency spectrum. Illustrative results are given for samples of speech, music and noise.
Precipitation and Growth Morphology of Calcium Carbonate Induced by Myxococcus Xanthus: Implications for Recognition of Bacterial Carbonates (2004)

Abstract It is thought that morphologies of bacterial carbonates can be used to identify microbial fossils and/or precipitates in sediments and rocks. This study shows that calcite and vaterite formed in a gel medium in the presence of Myxococcus xanthus display a range of morphologies that depend on whether the bacteria are live or dead. Metabolic activity of the bacteria induced: (1) aggregates of calcified bacteria formed at maximum supersaturation; (2) vaterite spheres (final growth stage of dumbbell fibrous-radiated aggregates); and (3) dipyramid- and disphenoid-like calcite crystals (combination of {011} and {0001} forms). Morphologies (2) and (3) developed at a lower supersaturation and are typically found in gel-like media. Dipyrimidal-like calcite crystals were also obtained abiotically in gel medium. Dead M. xanthus cells induced heterogeneous precipitation of calcite with rhombohedral morphologies at low supersaturation. A growth mechanism resulting from self-assembly of calcium carbonate nanocrystals may account for the observed morphologies, crystal microstructure, and crystallite size measurements. All of the above-mentioned morphologies of bacterial carbonate have been observed in other laboratory experiments and in continental and marine environments. However, all of them have also been produced abiotically, with the exception of calcified bacterial cells. This may make it more difficult to identify bacterial activity in the rock record. Nonetheless, bacterially induced alkalinization appears to be a prerequisite for the development of spherulitic and dipyramid- or disphenoid-like forms in natural mucilaginous biofilms and microbial mats. The morphologies reported here may facilitate the recognition of early and recent marine and continental microcrystalline bacterial carbonates and cements.
Are Leydig Cell Steroidogenic Enzymes Differentially Regulated With Aging? (1996)

Previous studies have shown that the ability of Brown Norway rat Leydig cells to produce testosterone declines significantly with age. To address the possible mechanism(s) by which aging Leydig cells lose steroidogenic function, we determined the effect of age on the steady-state levels of the mRNAs for the steroidogenic enzymes P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage (P450scc), delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4-isomerase (3 beta-HSD), and 17 alpha-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase (P450(17) alpha), and on the levels of immunoreactive steroidogenic enzyme proteins and enzyme activities. Northern blot analysis revealed that the levels of P450scc and P450(17) alpha mRNAs in Leydig cells isolated from the testes of aged (22-month-old) Brown Norway rats were reduced from their levels in young (4-month-old) rats, but that 3 beta-HSD mRNA was not reduced. Western blot analysis, however, revealed that cellular levels of each of the P450scc, P450(17) alpha, and 3 beta-HSD proteins were reduced with aging. The activities of the steroidogenic enzymes, assessed by incubating Leydig cells in culture with substrate and then summing all steroidogenic reaction products through testosterone, similarly revealed that P450scc, 3 beta-HSD, P450(17) alpha, and additionally 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD), were all reduced with aging. We conclude that age-related loss of steroidogenic function results at least in part from reductions in the levels and activities of each of the steroidogenic enzymes responsible for converting cholesterol to testosterone, and not by differential regulation of these enzymes.
Multiplexed <scp>MRM</scp>‐based quantitation of candidate cancer biomarker proteins in undepleted and non‐enriched human plasma (2013)

An emerging approach for multiplexed targeted proteomics involves bottom-up LC-MRM-MS, with stable isotope-labeled internal standard peptides, to accurately quantitate panels of putative disease biomarkers in biofluids. In this paper, we used this approach to quantitate 27 candidate cancer-biomarker proteins in human plasma that had not been treated by immunoaffinity depletion or enrichment techniques. These proteins have been reported as biomarkers for a variety of human cancers, from laryngeal to ovarian, with breast cancer having the highest correlation. We implemented measures to minimize the analytical variability, improve the quantitative accuracy, and increase the feasibility and applicability of this MRM-based method. We have demonstrated excellent retention time reproducibility (median interday CV: 0.08%) and signal stability (median interday CV: 4.5% for the analytical platform and 6.1% for the bottom-up workflow) for the 27 biomarker proteins (represented by 57 interference-free peptides). The linear dynamic range for the MRM assays spanned four orders-of-magnitude, with 25 assays covering a 10(3) -10(4) range in protein concentration. The lowest abundance quantifiable protein in our biomarker panel was insulin-like growth factor 1 (calculated concentration: 127 ng/mL). Overall, the analytical performance of this assay demonstrates high robustness and sensitivity, and provides the necessary throughput and multiplexing capabilities required to verify and validate cancer-associated protein biomarker panels in human plasma, prior to clinical use.
Use of Statistical Methods for Estimation of Total Number of Charges in a Mass Spectrometry Experiment (2004)

Estimation of the number of ions in a mass spectrometry experiment is needed to determine instrumentation parameters such as ionization efficiency, collision-induced dissociation efficiency, ion-transfer efficiency, ion trapping efficiency, and preamplifier detection limit. This work aims at analyzing the statistical characteristics (primarily variance) in the intensities of the isotopic distributions, which depend on the number of ions in the cell. A mathematical derivation was developed based on the maximum likelihood estimation method, which estimates the most likely number of ions in the cell using a method known as nonrandom parameter estimation. The performance of the method improves with increase in the number of observed distributions. The method works well provided the spectra show isotopic resolution and is independent of the instrument or method used to arrive at the spectra.
Characterization of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Forests Grown on Stainless Steel Surfaces (2019)

Vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) forests are a particularly interesting class of nanomaterials, because they combine multifunctional properties, such as high energy absorption, compressive strength, recoverability, and super-hydrophobicity with light weight. These characteristics make them suitable for application as coating, protective layers, and antifouling substrates for metallic pipelines and blades. Direct growth of CNT forests on metals offers the possibility of transferring the tunable CNT functionalities directly onto the desired substrates. Here, we focus on characterizing the structure and mechanical properties, as well as wettability and adhesion, of CNT forests grown on different types of stainless steel. We investigate the correlations between composition and morphology of the steel substrates with the micro-structure of the CNTs and reveal how the latter ultimately controls the mechanical and wetting properties of the CNT forest. Additionally, we study the influence of substrate morphology on the adhesion of CNTs to their substrate. We highlight that the same structure-property relationships govern the mechanical performance of CNT forests grown on steels and on Si.
Three-Dimensional Metal Transfer Micromolded Microelectrode Arrays (MEAS) for In-Vitro Brain Slice Recordings (2007)

We report successful electrical characterization and electrophysiological recordings from hippocampal brain slices using metal transfer micromolded three-dimensional microelectrode arrays (3-D MEAs). These MEAs have been fabricated on polymer substrates using metal transfer micromolding. They have further been packaged on glass substrates and insulated using parylene deposition. Recording sites have been defined using laser micromachining and RIE etching. Initial electrical and electrophysiological characterization of the MEAs has been successfully demonstrated in this paper. We believe this fabrication approach enables manufacturing-friendly batch fabrication of truly disposable, biocompatible and cost-effective MEAs, which will be indispensable to the neurophysiology and pharmacology communities.
A 19Gb/s 38mW 1-tap speculative DFE receiver in 90nm CMOS (2009)

A half-rate sampling 1-tap speculative DFE in 90nm CMOS operates at speeds up to 23Gb/s through ISI cancellation in the input latch of the receiver. The decision threshold of the latch is varied over a wide range without loss of bandwidth or sensitivity. For a 19Gb/s PRBS7 data stream sent over a 10-inch channel (-11dB at 9.5GHz) that results in a closed post-channel input eye, the DFE operates with a BER of 10−8 for 9% UI horizontal eye opening at its output (BER ≪ 10−13 at the eye center), consuming 38mW from a 1V supply.
Expression and analysis of two <i>gyrB</i> genes from the novobiocin producer, <i>Streptomyces sphaeroides</i> (1993)

A novobiocin producer, Streptomyces sphaeroides, contains two genes, designated gyrBS and gyrBR, that encode novobiocin-sensitive and -resistant DNA gyrase B proteins, respectively. The cloning of gyrBR was reported earlier; here, we describe the cloning of gyrBS. Both genes have been sequenced (the deduced products of gyrBS and gyrBR have M(r) values of 87.6K and 86.5K, respectively) and their transcripts have been mapped. Downstream of gyrBS, and co-transcribed with it, is the sole gyrA gene (encoding DNA gyrase A protein). By constructing hybrid gyrB genes, using fragments of gyrBS and gyrBR, a specific portion of the N-terminal domain of the gyrase B protein (corresponding to amino acid residues 134-256 of Escherichia coli gyrase B) has been implicated in the binding of novobiocin.
Bis-Indole Derivatives for Polysaccharide Compositional Analysis and Chiral Resolution of D-, L-Monosaccharides by Ligand Exchange Capillary Electrophoresis Using Borate-Cyclodextrin as a Chiral Selector (2011)

A series of aldo-bis-indole derivatives (aldo-BINs) was prepared by aromatic C-alkylation reactions of aldoses and indole in acetic acid solution. Common monosaccharides such as glucose, mannose, galactose, fucose, xylose, rhamnose, ribose, arabinose and N-acetylglucosamine were smoothly derivatized to form the UV absorbing aldo-BINs. The use of a capillary electrophoretic method to separate these novel aldo-BIN derivatives was established. The capillary electrophoresis conditions were set by using borate buffer (100 mM) at high pH (pH 9.0). The limit of determination was assessed to be 25 nM. The enantioseparation of D, L-pairs of aldo-BINs based on chiral ligand-exchange capillary electrophoresis technology was also achieved by using modified hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector in the presence of borate buffer. This aldose labeling method was applied successfully to the compositional and configurational analysis of saccharides, exemplified by a rapid and efficient method to simultaneously analyze the composition and configuration of saccharides from the medicinal herbs Cordyceps sinensis and Dendrobium huoshanense.