gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non-parametric image super-resolution using multiple images (2005)

In this paper, we present a novel learning based framework for performing super-resolution using multiple images. We model the image as an undirected graphical model over image patches in which the compatibility functions are represented as non-parametric kernel densities which are learnt from training data. The observed images are translation rectified and stitched together onto a high resolution grid and the inference problem reduces to estimating unknown pixels in the grid. We solve the inference problem by using an extended version of the non-parametric belief propagation algorithm. We show experimental results on synthetic digit images and real face images from the ORL face dataset.
BODIPY platform: a tunable tool for green to NIR OLEDs (2019)

The rapid appearance of organic optoelectronics as a promising alternative to conventional optoelectronics has been largely achieved through the design and development of new conjugated systems. The 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a, 4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY)-based materials have recently emerged as platforms for many types of applications such as sensors, organic thin-film transistors and organic photovoltaics; however, their application as active materials in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has only been poorly explored. This review article provides an overview of the most important developments in the structural design and synthesis of BODIPY-based organic semiconductors for application in OLED devices. The results summarised and discussed here include the most relevant results starting from the first application of BODIPY-based materials in OLEDs in 2002 up to the recent discoveries as near-IR emitters also promoted by aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Therefore, this review should inspire new research for future developments of BODIPY-based materials, in particular as ‘metal-free’ infrared emitters.Abbreviations: ACQ: aggregation caused quenching; AIE: aggregation induced emission; Alq3: aluminium tris(8-hydroxyquinoline); BCP: 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline); BDP-PPV: poly(bis(3″,7″-dimethyloctyloxy))p-phenylene vinylene; BF3OEt2: boron trifluoride diethyletherate; BPhen: bathophenanthroline; CBP: 4,40-bis[N-carbazolyl]-2,20-biphenyl; CIE: Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage; DDQ: dichloro-dicyano-quinone; EL: electroluminescence; F8BT: poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole); ITO: indium tin oxide; LEC: light-emitting electrochemical cell; m-MTDATA: 4,4ʹ,4ʹ’-tris[phenyl(m-tolyl)amino]triphenylamine; NPB: N,N′-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)benzidine; NPD: N,N’-di(1-naphtyl)-N,N’-diphenylbenzidine; OLED: organic light-emitting diode; OPV: organic photovoltaic; OXD-7: 2,2′-(1,3-phenylene)-bis[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole; PBD: 2-(4-biphenylyl)-5(4tert-butyl-phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole; PEDOT: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); PLED: polymeric light-emitting diodes; PMMA: polymethylmetacrilate; PPT: 2,8-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophene; PSS: polystyrene sulphonic sodium salt; PVK: poly(9-N-vinylcarbazole); TPBi: 2,2ʹ,2”-(1,3,5-Benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole); TPE: tetraphenylethylene; WOLED: white organic light-emitting diode; 3-TPyMB: tris(2,4,6-trimethyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)borane
The K1 Capsular Polysaccharide of Escherichia coli (1988)

Epidemiologic, immunologic, and genetic evidence indicate that the K1 capsular polysaccharide confers invasiveness to Escherichia coli. The capsule, an alpha-2----8-linked homopolymer of sialic acid (NeuNAc), provides the bacterium with a physical antiphagocytic barrier. Structural similarities between K1 and human tissue components suggest that immune tolerance may also be a factor in pathogenesis of K1 disease. The molecular and genetic events involved in the synthesis and export of the K1 polysaccharide were examined. The cloned K1 genes encode at least 12 proteins involved in capsule biosynthesis. These genes appear to be coordinately regulated and functionally clustered. One cluster is associated with the synthesis and activation of NeuNAc and includes the gene encoding CMP-NeuNAc synthetase. This enzyme catalyzes the activation of NeuNAc to CMP-NeuNAc. A second region, encoding five proteins, is associated with translocation of polysaccharide to the bacterial surface. The K1 polysaccharide is a poor immunogen in humans, and an understanding of the key reactions involved in K1 synthesis may help in providing an alternative to anticapsular immunity.
STRUCTURAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THIN LAYERS OF BINARY Ni–Fe ALLOYS ELECTRODEPOSITED BY TWO DIFFERENT BATHS: ACID AND IONIC LIQUID (2017)

The deposition of Ni–Fe thin layers in boric acid and ionic liquid ([BuMePyr][Tf 2 N]) baths were successfully prepared. The obtained materials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and SEM. Meanwhile, these materials were carried out by chronoamperometry or chronopotentiometry by varying the intensity of the current and the deposition potential. The results indicate that the coatings of Ni–Fe alloys were successfully obtained by electroplating on the copper substrates, and the alloys composition shows irregular behavior with polarization. The nickel content in the samples is in the range of 55–90%, but the iron content ranges from 10–30%, when potential deposits were varied from [Formula: see text]2[Formula: see text]V to [Formula: see text]4[Formula: see text]V vs Ni electrode. The results also showed that the thin layers are monophased; they contain the Ni 3 Fe phase. Further, SEM images of Ni–Fe alloys show the different shapes of particles.
Tinmith-evo5 - an architecture for supporting mobile augmented reality environments (2002)

This paper presents a summary of a new software architecture we have developed, known as Tinmith-evo5, which is designed as one possible methodology for writing complex AR applications. While software for 2D environments is very mature, in the 3D case there is still missing software support that we are attempting to address.
Cell Death of Human Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Induced by a <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Cystic Fibrosis Isolate Requires a Functional Type III Secretion System (1999)

With a coincubation model incorporating Pseudomonas aeruginosa and human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), a cystic fibrosis (CF) P. aeruginosa isolate has been shown to resist the bactericidal action of PMNs and to induce their cellular death. An isogenic mutant of this CF isolate in which the type III secretion system was rendered nonfunctional was unable to induce cellular death of PMNs.
Robust optical flow from photometric invariants (2005)

Optical flow is widely in use in the field of image processing. In general, optical flow is computed from luminance images. However, optical flow based on luminance information highly depends on moving shadows, varying shading and moving specularities due to camera movement, and fluctuations in the light source intensity. In this paper, we propose a novel method to compute optical flow based on photometric invariants. A major drawback of photometric invariants and their derivatives is that they are unstable for certain RGB values. Therefore, we study on photometric invariant derivatives and noise propagation yielding a condence measure indicating the stability of the corresponding photometric invariant derivatives. This condence measure is integrated into the optical flow framework to provide robustness against noisy data. Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly outperforms optical flow estimation that does not take the instability of the invariants into account.
Double immunocytochemical staining in the study of antibody-producing cells in vivo. Combined detection of antigen specificity (anti-TNP) and (sub)class of intracellular antibodies. (1985)

Mice and rabbits were immunized with trinitrophenyl (TNP)-conjugated keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Cells producing specific antibodies against the hapten TNP were detected in vivo in spleen and lymph nodes using a TNP--alkaline phosphatase (AP) conjugate. Using horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-mouse (sub)class (IgG2A, IgG2B, IgM) antibodies and anti-rabbit class (IgG, IgM) antibodies and a double immunocytochemical staining technique for simultaneous demonstration of the enzymes AP and HRP, we were able to determine both the antigen specificity (anti-TNP) and the (sub)class of intracellular antibodies produced by individual antibody-forming cells in vivo.
[Production and characterization of monoclonal antibody against aflatoxin B1]. (1995)

Two hybridoma cell lines 1B5 and 2F1 capable of secreting specific monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against aflatoxin B1 (AFT B1) were obtained. BALB/c mice were immunized by intrasplenic injection of AFT B1-human serum albumin conjugate (AFT B1-HSA) containing 9 AFT B1 residue per molecule. Spleen cells of BALB/c mouse with high serum antibody titer were fused with SP 2/0 myeloma cells in the presence of polyethylene glycol. Hybridoma cell lines were selected by using an indirect ELISA with AFT B1-keyhole limpet haemocyanin as coating antigen and grown as ascite tumour cells in BALB/c mice which previously had received an intraperitoneal injection with Freund's incomplete adjuvant. The McAbs were found to have strong reaction with AFT B1-bovine serum albumin conjugate (AFT B1-BSA) and no reaction with HSA or BSA. The reactivity of the McAbs with AFT analogs was determined by an indirect inhibition ELISA and the concentrations (ng/ml) required to inhibit 50 binding of McAb to AFT B1-BSA conjugate solid phase were AFT B1 4.0ng/ml, B2 36.9ng/ml, G1 23.3ng/ml and G2 403.3ng/ml for 1B5 McAb, and AFT B1 2.4ng/ml, B2 2.6ng/ml, G1 2.8ng/ml and G2 4.7ng/ml for 2F1 McAb.
Bottleneck optical limiters: the optimal use of excited-state absorbers (1994)

Passive nonlinear absorptive limiters offer an effective means to protect human eyes and other focal-plane sensors from damage by pulsed laser radiation. New device designs are proposed in which dye molecules are driven into strong ground-state depletion by the incoming threat pulse while the internal fluence values are kept below the material failure level. Pulse-energy suppression ratios greater than 10(4) for 10-ns pulses together with linear transmission greater than 70% should be possible with existing dyes.
Model-Driven Description and Validation of Composite Learning Content (2010)

Abstract: Authoring of learning content for courseware systems is a complex activity requiring the combination of a range of design and validation techniques. We introduce the CAVIAr courseware models allowing for learning content description and validation. Model-based representation and analysis of different concerns such as the subject domain, learning context, resources and instructional design used are key contributors to this integrated solution. Personalised learning is particularly difficult to design as dynamic configurations cannot easily be predicted and tested. A tool-supported technique based on CAVIAr can alleviate this complexity through the validation of a set of pedagogical and non-pedagogical requirements. Courseware validation checks intra- and inter-content relationships and the compliance with requirements and educational theories.
Electronic structure and transport in thermoelectric compounds AZn2Sb2 (A = Sr, Ca, Yb, Eu) (2009)

The AZn(2)Sb(2) (P3m1, A = Ca, Sr, Eu, Yb) class of Zintl compounds has shown high thermoelectric efficiency (zT approximately 1) and is an appealing system for the development of Zintl structure-property relationships. High temperature transport measurements have previously been conducted for all known compositions except for SrZn(2)Sb(2); here we characterize polycrystalline SrZn(2)Sb(2) to 723 K and review the transport behavior of the other compounds in this class. Consistent with the known AZn(2)Sb(2) compounds, SrZn(2)Sb(2) is found to be a hole-doped semiconductor with a thermal band gap approximately 0.27 eV. The Seebeck coefficients of the AZn(2)Sb(2) compounds are found to be described by similar effective mass (m* approximately 0.6 m(e)). Electronic structure calculations reveal similar m* is due to antimony p states at the valence band edge which are largely unaffected by the choice of A-site species. However, the choice of A-site element has a dramatic effect on the hole mobility, with the room temperature mobility of the rare earth-based compositions approximately double that found for Ca and Sr on the A site. This difference in mobility is examined in the context of electronic structure calculations.
Studies on the State of Insulin in Blood: Materials and Methods for the Estimation of “Free” and “Bound” Insulin-Like Activity in Serum* (1962)

New techniques have been introduced by the authors and collaborators in the course of their studies on the state, transport and regulation of insulin in man. The discovery that a portion of insulin in blood circulates in a complex form extractable by cationic exchange resins (Nacycle) led to the development of a simple technique for the separation of this portion of insulin from whole serum. The observation that insulin in its complex form is devoid of insulin activity, when assayed in vitro under specified conditions, resulted in the finding that factors present in adipose tissue extracts could dissociate the blood insulin complex (es). Methods have been developed therefore for the extraction, storage, preservation and “standardization” of these factors from adipose tissue. Studies on the ratio of “free” and “bound” insulin-like activity in serum suggest that this ratio does not represent a purely physicochemical equilibrium between “bound” and “free” insulin. This ratio depends upon the metabolic state of the individual donor. It has been found by the authors and collaborators that a rise of blood glucose “triggers” a mechanism which results in the in vivo dissociation of the “bound” form of insulin in blood. A system has been developed for the estimation of “free” and “bound” insulin-like activity in serum. These techniques are presented in detail in the present report. An outline is also included of the rat diaphragm assay (assay of Vallance- Owen and Hurlock) used for the estimation of the insulin-like activity in our studies.
Processing Translational Motion Sequences. (1982)

This paper presents a procedure for processing real world image sequences produced by relative translational motion between a sensor and environmental objects. In this procedure, the determination of the direction of sensor translation is effectively combined with the determination of the displacements of image features and environmental depth. It requires no restrictions on the direction of motion, nor the location and shape of environmental objects. It has been applied successfully to real-world image sequences from several different task domains. The processing consists of two basic steps: Feature Extraction and Search. The feature extraction process picks out small image areas which may correspond to distinguishing parts of environmental objects. The direction of translational motion is then found by a search which determines the image displacement paths along which a measure of feature mismatch is minimized for a set of features. The correct direction of translation will minimize this error measure and also determine the corresponding image displacement paths for which the extracted features match well.
Comparison of Oil Recovery by Low Salinity Waterflooding in Secondary and Tertiary Recovery Modes (2011)

Abstract Oil recovery by low salinity waterflooding in secondary and tertiary modes was investigated in the present study. Cores from Berea outcrop sandstone and Minnelusa reservoir sandstone were used in the single phase and two phase experiments. Two types of Minnelusa crude oils were used in the two phase experiments. The single phase experiments provided the baseline for pH and pressure changes in the two phase experiments. Set of experiments were performed by using low salinity brine for the tertiary waterflood recovery method where oil saturated cores were first flooded with high salinity brine to simulate the secondary recovery method. In the second set of experiments, oil saturated cores were directly flooded with the low salinity brine. Conductivity and pH analysis of effluent brines were performed in all the single phase and two phase experiments. Increase in oil recovery with low salinity brine as the invading brine was observed in both secondary and tertiary modes (28% OOIP) with Berea sandstone. However, higher oil recoveries (5-8% OOIP) were observed when low salinity waterflooding was implemented as a secondary recovery method. Minnelusa reservoir cores had little to no response to low salinity brine when it was used as a tertiary recovery method. However, Minnelusa cores showed an increase in oil recovery (10-22 % OOIP) with both types of crude oils when it was used as a secondary recovery method. An increase in pH of the effluent brine was observed during the low salinity brine injection in both Minnelusa and Berea cores. However, magnitude of the pH increase was smaller with the Minnelusa cores compared to Berea cores. The level of investigation into the mechanism of low salinity incremental production has sharply increased in the past two years. Most of the studies focus on core floods using the tertiary mode. Our work contributes systematic coupled secondary and tertiary mode experiments that offer an expanded dataset for all researchers to use in investigation of the mechanisms.
A QRS Preprocessor Based on Digital Differentiation (1971)

Digital preprocessors can ease the increasing data collection demands placed on real-time computers in patient monitoring. This paper describes a preprocessor that detects in real time an electrocardiogram QRS complex and computes the R-R interval. Detection is performed using multiple digital differentiation, which is encouraging as an ultrareliable means for locating the QRS. Inherent in the technique is a dependable control that can automatically compensate for signal-level variations. Clinical data demonstrate that detection is insensitive to low- and high-frequency noise, from baseline drift to muscle artifact and cautery bursts. The device can be connected directly to a patient, whose safety is guaranteed by optoelectronic isolation and interelectrode current limiting. Preprocessor operation has been human-engineered to a simple on/off procedure.
Prediction of Cardiac Arrhythmia using Artificial Neural Network (2015)

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a non-invasive way of analysis for estimating the autonomic nervous system and based on measurement of the variability of heart rate signals.
Supporting the Flock: Building a Ground Station Network for Autonomy and Reliability (2016)

Planet Labs is on a mission to image the whole earth every day. This requires a large orbital constellation and a distributed, autonomous ground station network. The network currently includes 11 geographically diverse sites, many with multiple antenna systems. Antennas systems are deployed with uniform equipment to simplify interfaces and ease operations. Additionally, tools have been developed for automated monitoring and remote troubleshooting of RF chains. Predictive modeling tools help to plan for future need as the orbital constellation grows. Lessons learned and ideas for automation and monitoring are also discussed.
Mass Notification and Crisis Communications: Planning, Preparedness, and Systems (2011)

Mass communication in the midst of a crisis must be done in a targeted and timely manner to mitigate the impact and ultimately save lives. Based on sound research, real-world case studies, and the authors own experiences, Mass Notification and Crisis Communications: Planning, Preparedness, and Systems helps emergency planning professionals create a crisis communications plan that works by establishing upfront relationships with responders, enacting protocols, and utilizing technology to effectively message the intended audience. Providing communication best practices to professionals, the book: Reviews the challenges organizations face with communications in the face of various types of disasters Helps to outline the target audience of the communiqu Describes different communication techniques used throughout history during peace and wartime Provides methods for getting the right message across the first time Explores how social media can be a powerful tool in message dissemination Examines the legal landscape to ensure managers are in compliance with international, federal, state, and local regulatory requirements Aligned with the U.S. Department of Homeland Securitys National Emergency Communications Planas well as the U.S. strategic plan to improve emergency response communicationsthe book provides recommendations to key decision makers given all considerations that must be weighed and factored in during a crisis.
Detection of antibodies to variant antigens onPlasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes by flow cytometry (1999)

Our FCM assay predominantly detects antibodies that recognise PfEMP1 and thus constitutes a convenient assay for the analysis of acquisition, maintenance, and diversity of anti-PfEMP1-specific antibodies and for the examination of class and subclass characteristics.
Permittivity and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Investigations of Activated Charcoal Loaded Acrylic Coating Compositions (2014)

Acrylic resin (AR) based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites have been prepared by incorporation of up to 30 wt% activated charcoal (AC) in AR matrix. These composites have been characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, dielectric, and EMI shielding measurement techniques. XRD patterns and Raman studies confirm the incorporation of AC particles inside AR matrix and suggest possible interactions between phases. The SEM images show that incorporation of AC particles leads to systematic change in the morphology of composites especially the formation of porous structure. The dielectric measurements show that 30 wt% AC loading composite display higher relative permittivity value (~79) compared to pristine AR (~5). Further, the porous structure, electrical conductivity, and permittivity value contribute towards EMI shielding effectiveness value of −36 dB (attenuation of >99.9% of incident radiation) for these composites, thereby demonstrating their suitability for making efficient EMI shielding coatings.
Wegener's granulomatosis: findings from computed tomography of the chest in 10 patients. (1992)

Radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest were reviewed for 10 patients with pathologically proven Wegener's granulomatosis. The CT scans revealed multiple pulmonary nodules in seven patients and a single nodule in one. The nodules ranged in diameter from 2 mm to 7 cm, and most had irregular margins. All of the nodules larger than 2 cm in diameter showed evidence of cavitation in the CT scans. Additional CT findings included associated areas of consolidation (in two patients), pleural thickening (in two) and pleural effusion (in two). Chest radiographs were available for eight patients, and the CT scans contributed information additional to that available from the radiographs for seven of these. In one patient lung nodules were visible in the CT scans but could not be distinguished from surrounding areas of consolidation in the chest radiographs. CT revealed additional nodules in five of the six patients in whom multiple nodules were seen in chest radiographs and in one of these also revealed cavitation tht was not visible in plain radiographs. CT excluded the possibility of a nodule that was suspected from the chest radiographs in a patient who had been treated previously for Wegener's granulomatosis. The authors conclude that Wegener's granulomatosis is characterized in CT scans by multiple nodules with irregular margins and by cavitation in nodules larger than 2 cm in diameter. CT may also demonstrate nodules and cavitation not apparent in radiographs.