gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Beer Colloidal Stabilization (1997)

The effects of treatments that influence beer colloidal stability on foam-active protein and haze-active protein and polyphenols were studied. Unchillproofed beer was treated with bentonite, silica gel, and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP). Bentonite adsorption removed both haze-active and foam-active protein. Silica gel adsorption removed haze-active protein but almost completely spared foam-active protein. This specificity results because silica gel binds to the proline residues in the protein; these are the same sites where polyphenols attach to create haze. As a result, only those proteins that can participate in haze formation are affected. PVPP removed approximately half of the haze-active polyphenol from beer but had little effect on foam-active or haze-active protein. Fining with gelatin greatly reduced the level of haze-active protein in the beer. Fining with tannic acid reduced the level of haze-active protein and, at higher addition rates, the concentration of haze-active polyphenol. Theoretical aspects of enzymatic chillproofing were considered. Since phenylalanine and tryptophan are present in hordein but not the foam-active barley lipid transfer protein 1 (LTP1), it is theoretically possible that an enzyme could be found that would attack haze-active but not foam-active protein.
Grid Enabling Data De-Duplication (2006)

A Grid based implementation of a system for finding duplicates in large databases is described. The solution is scalable to many nodes and does not suffer the problems found in other implementations that can result of loss of data and/or deadlock. The system may be applied to conventional de-duplication problems such as found in address management as well as more advanced problems such as banned image detection. The system uses the AURA pattern match methods implemented within a service oriented architecture. The approach builds on the PMS and PMC technology developed in the DAME eScience project.
A routing algorithm for flip-chip design (2005)

The flip-chip package gives the highest chip density of any packaging method to support the pad-limited Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) designs. In this paper, we propose the first router for the flip-chip package in the literature. The router can redistribute nets from wire-bonding pads to bump pads and then route each of them. The router adopts a two-stage technique of global routing followed by detailed routing. In global routing, we use the network flow algorithm to solve the assignment problem from the wire-bonding pads to the bump pads, and then create the global routing path for each net. The detailed routing consists of three stages, cross point assignment, net ordering determination, and track assignment, to complete the routing. Experimental results based on seven real designs from the industry demonstrate that the router can reduce the total wirelength by 10.2%, the critical wirelength by 13.4%, and the signal skews by 13.9%, compared with a heuristic algorithm currently used in industry.
Introduction (2009)

Abstract This book deals with the various research methods, data sources, and definitions of work disability and study populations. The first section examines the long-term historical changes in health and functional ability, and the second focuses on the pathways through which individuals become disabled. The book helps us to understand the process through which individual health evolves, enabling more careful targeting of interventions toward individual pathways that lead to disability. The next section explores some of the effects of medical advances on specific health conditions and in turn, the effect of improving health on medical care spending. The fourth section evaluates the measurement of work disability, the extent of disability risk, and the growing number of recipients of disability insurance benefits, and the last section looks at how people function with physiological limitations. An overview of the chapters included in this book is provided.
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND SAFETY OF A CRYOGENIC SYSTEM FOR KRYPTON RECOVERY. (1972)

The authors report an exceptional case of fracture of the acetabulum complicated by tear of the small intestine due to injury to the loop of intestine by a piece of the fractured acetabulum. As it is rare, such a complication is often undiagnosed. Discovered in time, an operation avoids a fatal issue due to peritonitis.
Growth of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes from Sharp Metal Tips (2009)

The nucleation and growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes is observed in situ in a transmission electron microscope. Carbon atoms are implanted into catalytically active metal particles by electron-beam sputtering. The metal particles are then shaped with a focused electron beam. Once the particles have a region of high surface curvature, spontaneous nucleation and growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes occurs on the metal particles. It is shown that the local solubility of carbon in the metal determines the nucleation of nanotubes. This is confirmed by atomistic computer simulations treating the solubility of carbon in a metal particle as a function of the size of the system.
Dual‐Stage Crosslinking of a Gel‐Phase Bioink Improves Cell Viability and Homogeneity for 3D Bioprinting (2016)

Current bioinks for cell-based 3D bioprinting are not suitable for technology scale-up due to the challenges of cell sedimentation, cell membrane damage, and cell dehydration. A novel bioink hydrogel is presented with dual-stage crosslinking specifically designed to overcome these three major hurdles. This bioink enables the direct patterning of highly viable, multicell type constructs with long-term spatial fidelity.
Nanospot welding and contact evolution during cycling of a model microswitch (2007)

The useful lifetime of microelectromechanical system switches is shortened during repetitive contact when the continual making and breaking of an electrical circuit accelerates damage done to the metallic contact points in the switch. In this study the interfacial force microscope is used as a model switch, and we explore the fundamental processes involved in switch failure. We find that repeated indentation (cyclic contact) causes protective coatings (in the form of self-assembled monolayers) to fail allowing metal-metal intimacy and formation of a malleable “nanospot weld.” The weld is stretched during separation of the contacting surfaces, leading to the development of nanoasperities. With the help of atomistic simulations, which provide insight into material transfer and consequential roughening of the surfaces, we show that asperity length grows with continued repetition, drastically changing the resistance of the contact over the lifetime of the switch. Controlling the amount of current passed through the contact influences the extent of weld stretching and arcing observed during contact separation.
Microbial Hydrocarbon Co-oxidation. II. Use of Ion-Exchange Resins (1969)

Anion-exchange resins, a weakly basic polystyrene-polyamine type and a macro-reticular type, IR-45 and IRA-93, respectively, were shown to significantly increase yields of acidic products in co-oxidation systems. p-Toluic, 2,3-dihydroxy-p-toluic, and alpha,alpha-cis,cis dimethylmuconic acids, resulting from the oxidation of p-xylene by three cultures of Nocardia, accumulated on the resin in shaken flasks or agar plates during the cultivation. Final product concentration increased with increasing resin concentration. Mineral balances were not affected if the resin was properly conditioned before use.
Fluoxetine: Adverse Effects and Drug-Drug Interactions (1993)

This overview summarizes the major and minor side effects and drug interactions of fluoxetine. The adverse reactions include the "serotonin syndrome", cardiovascular complications, extrapyramidal side effects such as akathisia, dyskinesias, and parkinsonian-like syndromes and an apparently increased risk of suicidality. Fluoxetine-induced mania and hypomania, seizures and sexual disorders are evaluated along with minor symptoms of allergic reactions, stuttering, hematological changes, psoriasis, and inappropriate secretion of the antidiuretic hormone. The major fluoxetine-drug interactions involve the amino acids L-dopa and L-tryptophan, anorexiants, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, anxiolytics, calcium channel blockers, cyproheptadine, lithium salts, and drugs of abuse. The underlying mechanism and the paradoxical effects of fluoxetine are addressed.
Troglitazone Induces GLUT4 Translocation in L6 Myotubes (2001)

A number of studies have demonstrated that insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle plays a pivotal role in the insulin resistance associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. A decrease in GLUT4 translocation from the intracellular pool to the plasma membranes in skeletal muscles has been implicated as a possible cause of insulin resistance. Herein, we examined the effects of an insulin-sensitizing drug, troglitazone (TGZ), on glucose uptake and the translocation of GLUT4 in L6 myotubes. The prolonged exposure (24 h) of L6 myotubes to TGZ (10(-5) mol/l) caused a substantial increase in the 2-deoxy-[3H]D-glucose (2-DG) uptake without changing the total amount of the glucose transporters GLUT4, GLUT1, and GLUT3. The TGZ-induced 2-DG uptake was completely abolished by cytochalasin-B (10 micromol/l). The ability of TGZ to translocate GLUT4 from light microsomes to the crude plasma membranes was greater than that of insulin. Both cycloheximide treatment (3.5 x 10(-6) mol/l) and the removal of TGZ by washing reversed the 2-DG uptake to the basal level. Moreover, insulin did not enhance the TGZ-induced 2-DG uptake additively. The TGZ-induced 2-DG uptake was only partially reversed by wortmannin to 80%, and TGZ did not change the expression and the phosphorylation of protein kinase B; the expression of protein kinase C (PKC)-lambda, PKC-beta2, and PKC-zeta; or 5'AMP-activated protein kinase activity. a-Tocopherol, which has a molecular structure similar to that of TGZ, did not increase 2-DG uptake. We conclude that the glucose transport in L6 myotubes exposed to TGZ for 24 h is the result of an increased translocation of GLUT4. The present results imply that the effects of troglitazone on GLUT4 translocation may include a new mechanism for improving glucose transport in skeletal muscle.
Critical role of c-jun (NH2) terminal kinase in paracetamol- induced acute liver failure (2006)

These data demonstrated a central role for JNK in the pathogenesis of paracetamol-induced liver failure, thereby identifying JNK as an important therapeutic target in the treatment of paracetamol hepatotoxicity.
CD73 has distinct roles in nonhematopoietic and hematopoietic cells to promote tumor growth in mice (2011)

CD73 is overexpressed in many types of human and mouse cancers and is implicated in the control of tumor progression. However, the specific contribution from tumor or host CD73 expression to tumor growth remains unknown to date. Here, we show that host CD73 promotes tumor growth in a T cell-dependent manner and that the optimal antitumor effect of CD73 blockade requires inhibiting both tumor and host CD73. Notably, enzymatic activity of CD73 on nonhematopoietic cells limited tumor-infiltrating T cells by controlling antitumor T cell homing to tumors in multiple mouse tumor models. In contrast, CD73 on hematopoietic cells (including CD4 + CD25 + Tregs) inhibited systemic antitumor T cell expansion and effector functions. Thus, CD73 on hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells has distinct adenosinergic effects in regulating systemic and local antitumor T cell responses. Importantly, pharmacological blockade of CD73 using its selective inhibitor or an anti-CD73 mAb inhibited tumor growth and completely restored efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy in mice. These findings suggest that both tumor and host CD73 cooperatively protect tumors from incoming antitumor T cells and show the potential of targeting CD73 as a cancer immunotherapy strategy.
From the I-WAY to the National Technology Grid (1997)

article Free Access Share on From the I-WAY to the National Technology Grid Authors: Rick Stevens Argonne National Lab, Argonne, IL Argonne National Lab, Argonne, ILView Profile , Paul Woodward Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis Univ. of Minnesota, MinneapolisView Profile , Tom DeFanti Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, ChicagoView Profile , Charlie Catlett Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 40Issue 11Nov. 1997 pp 50–60https://doi.org/10.1145/265684.265692Online:01 November 1997Publication History 48citation983DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations48Total Downloads983Last 12 Months14Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Automatic vessel wall contour detection and quantification of wall thickness in in‐vivo MR images of the human aorta (2006)

Though further optimization is required, our algorithm is a powerful tool to automatically draw the boundaries of the aortic wall and measure aortic wall thickness in aortic wall devoid of major lesions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Progress on the labeling and single-particle tracking technologies of viruses (2014)

Understanding and unravelling the invasion mechanisms of virus infection is of high importance for preventing and treating viral diseases. Single-virion tracking is a powerful way for exploring the mechanisms of viral infection. For successful tracking, the virus and cellular structures of interest must be fluorescently labeled; the microscope imaging technology must be sufficiently powerful for real-time single virion or viral component tracking. All fields of scientists have made great efforts and improvements. Here we will review the recent advances in virus labeling and the emerging fluorescence imaging technologies used in the imaging and tracking of viruses.
Performance enhancement of Web-based push transmitter with channel scheduling (2002)

Push provides the automated and personalized Web information delivery. Users can subscribe their interested channels from content providers. These channels will be delivered to users automatically in each update. Among all the components involved in a push system, a transmitter manages the deployment and maintenance of information channels. A content based channel scheduling mechanism for transmitters is designed and evaluated. Instead of push information by arriving order, the transmitter takes three more factors into account, i.e. the channel update period, the size of content, and the waiting time of content in queue. The transmitter delivers channels by their calculated priorities. Studying the results from our XML based simulation system, the new channel scheduling algorithm not only improves the average response time, but also decreases the average loss rate.
Intracranial Dural Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma: a Case Report (2008)

Although intracranial dural metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma is a very rare finding, its imaging characteristics are similar to those of its primary form in the central nervous system. Thus, this tumor must be considered in the differential diagnosis of extra-axial dural masses.
Network service chaining with efficient network function mapping based on service decompositions (2015)

Network Service Chaining (NSC) is a service concept which promises increased flexibility and cost-efficiency for future carrier networks. The two recent developments, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN), are opportunities for service providers to simplify the service chaining and provisioning process and reduce the cost (in CAPEX and OPEX) while introducing new services as well. One of the challenging tasks regarding NFV-based services is to efficiently map them to the components of a physical network based on the services specifications/constraints. In this paper, we propose an efficient cost-effective algorithm to map NSCs composed of Network Functions (NF) to the network infrastructure while taking possible decompositions of NFs into account. NF decomposition refers to converting an abstract NF to more refined NFs interconnected in form of a graph with the same external interfaces as the higher-level NF. The proposed algorithm tries to minimize the cost of the mapping based on the NSCs requirements and infrastructure capabilities by making a reasonable selection of the NFs decompositions. Our experimental evaluations show that the proposed scheme increases the acceptance ratio significantly while decreasing the mapping cost in the long run, compared to schemes in which NF decompositions are selected randomly.
Recent Advances in High-Voltage Direct-Current Power Transmission Systems (2006)

The ever increasing progress of high-voltage high-power fully-controlled semiconductor technology continues to have a significant impact on the development of advanced power electronic apparatus used to support optimised operations and efficient management of electrical grids, which in many cases, are fully or partially deregulated networks. Developments advance both the high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) power transmission and the flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) technologies. In this paper, an overview of the recent advances in the area of voltage-source converter (VSC) HVDC technology is provided. Selected key multilevel converter topologies are presented. Control and modelling methods are discussed. A list of VSC-based HVDC installations worldwide is provided. It is confirmed that the continuous development of power electronics presents cost-effective opportunities for the utilities to exploit and HVDC remains a key technology. In particular, VSC-HVDC can address not only conventional network issues such as bulk power transmission, asynchronous network interconnections, back-to-back AC system linking and voltage/stability support to mention a few, but also niche markets such as the integration of large scale renewable energy sources with the grid.
[Synonymous codon usage in Pichia pastoris]. (2000)

According to the synonymous codons used in 28 open reading frames from Pichia pastoris, the codon usage in this species was calculated and 19 codons have been inferred to be its optimal codons. The results show that pattern of the codon usage in P. pastoris is similar to that in S. cerevisiae and in K. lactis except for the synonymous codon of glutamic acid, which may be the special bias of P. pastoris.
First Paramagnetic Zerovalent Transition Metal Isocyanides. Syntheses, Structural Characterizations, and Magnetic Properties of Novel Low-Valent Isocyanide Complexes of Vanadium<sup>1</sup> (2000)

The first homoleptic paramagnetic transition metal isocyanide, V(CNXyl)6 (2, Xyl = 2,6-dimethylphenyl), can be isolated in high yield by reacting bis(naphthalene)vanadium(0) (1a) or bis(1-methylnaphthalene)vanadium(0) (1b) with 6 equiv of CNXyl in tetrahydrofuran/heptane. Reduction of 2 with excess cesium graphite in THF affords excellent yields of [V(CNXyl)6]- (3) as an unsolvated Cs+ salt, the first homoleptic octahedral isocyanide metalate. Cs3 reacts with 2 equiv of 18-Crown-6 to give [Cs(18-Crown-6)2]3. Anion 3 can also be isolated as a practically insoluble [K(Crypt{2.2.2.})]+ salt by reducing 2 with potassium naphthalenide in the presence of Crypt{2.2.2.}. Complex 3 reduces [Et3NH]Cl to form paramagetic 2. Oxidation of 2 by ferricinium hexafluorophosphate in THF provides nearly quantitative yields of the 16-electron paramagnetic [V(CNXyl)6][PF6] (4[PF6]), analogous to the exceedingly unstable [V(CO)6]+. Interaction of V(CO)6 with excess CNXyl in heptane results in the efficient formation of trans-[V(CO)2(CNXyl)4] (5). Such a substitution reaction is highly unusual for V(CO)6. Oxidation of compound 5 by ferricinium hexafluorophosphate in THF affords homoleptic 4[PF6]. Complexes 2, 3, 4, and 5 were characterized by a variety of spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallography. Spectroscopic, magnetic, and structural features of these novel electron rich vanadium isocyanides are discussed in detail. The average V−CN bond length increases in the series [V(CNXyl)6]- < V(CNXyl)6 < trans-V(CO)2(CNXyl)4 < [V(CNXyl)6]+. Well-resolved 1H and 13C NMR spectra were obtained for paramagnetic 2 and its chromium congener, [Cr(CNXyl)6]+. The importance of back-bonding in the mechanism of unpaired spin delocalization within 2 was demonstrated. Contrary to the previous prediction for dπ(M)−pπ*(L) unpaired spin delocalization in low-spin d5 octahedral complexes, negative spin appears to be induced on the CNXyl ligands of 2 by means of dπ(V)−pπ*(CNXyl) back-bonding.
Glycan composition of serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and non-seminomatous germ cell tumour (1999)

Although estimation of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is widely used in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-seminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCT), the clinical usefulness of this test is limited by a low specificity. However, there exist glycoforms of AFP which may be more specific for particular tumours. Previously, detailed analysis has been prevented by the low levels of AFP in human serum. We report here the application of fluorescence labelling, sequential exoglycosidase digestion, high-performance liquid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization in time-of-flight mass spectrometry, to determine the glycan structures of purified serum AFP from patients with HCC and NSGCT. Eleven major glycans were found, of which seven were N-linked, and four were O-linked, to the protein backbone. The structure of the N-linked glycans (all of bi-antennary complex-type with varying degrees of sialylation, fucosylation and galactosylation) were consistent with those previously reported. The O-linked glycans (three mucin O-GalNAc type glycans with variable degrees of sialylation, one O-HexNAc monosaccharide glycan) have not previously been reported. The finding of mucin O-GalNAc type glycans was supported by the prediction of potential O-GalNAc glycosylation sites on the protein backbone by analysis of the AFP structure by molecular modelling. With knowledge of these structures it may be possible to develop more specific assays for the detection of HCC and NSGCT.
A Force Feedback Teleoperated Needle Insertion Device for Percutaneous Procedures (2009)

A novel robotized tool for percutaneous interventions under CT-scanner guidance is presented in this paper. This teleoperated compact robotic device can be used as an end-effector for an image-guided positioning robot. It is fully compatible with computed tomography constraints. In particular, it is able to manipulate needles that are longer than the overall height of its body. This novel device mimics the manual gesture performed by the physician by grasping and re-grasping the needle. This operating principle enables direct force measurement on the inserted surgical needle and allows efficient teleoperation with force feedback. In the paper, the specifications of this needle driver are presented and the proposed design is explained. Experiments conducted on swine under operating conditions were performed in order to validate both the concept and the design of the proposed insertion device in the context of teleoperated needle insertions with force feedback.