gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microwave processing of Tantalum capacitors. CRADA final report (1998)

A Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. (LMES) and AVX Tantalum Corporation (AVX) of Biddeford, Maine, was initiated in October 1991. [Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corp. (LMER) has replaced LMES]. The completion date for the Agreement was March 1996. The purpose of this work is to explore the feasibility of an advanced microwave processing concept to develop higher capacitance tantalum anodes. Tantalum capacitors are used where high reliability is needed (e.g., pacemakers, hearing aids, and military devices). Two types of tantalum powder are used: sodium-reduced powder and electron beam-refined powder. Sodium-reduced powder has higher surface area, but lower purity; electron beam-refined powder has higher purity for working voltages, but somewhat lower surface area. The powder is pressed into pellets using traditional methods and then placed in the microwave furnace for processing. It is of interest to determine if variable-frequency microwave sintering can increase quality while decreasing processing time and decreasing or eliminating surface contamination; these issues must be addressed while retaining the maximum surface area of the anode. Meeting each of these needs will result in a higher quality anodic film, which will thereby increase the dielectric strength. Additionally, microwave sintering might enable the authors to develop a strong sintered anode without excessive grain growth. The variable-frequency microwave furnace (VFMF), located at the Y-12 Plant, allows the authors to study the effects of sintering over a wide frequency range. This novel design uses a high-power traveling wave tube (TWT), originally developed for electronic warfare. By using this microwave source, one can not only select individual microwave frequencies for particular experiments, but also achieve uniform power densities over a large area by the superposition of many different frequencies.
Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in two pediatric heart transplant patients with extreme donor/recipient size mismatch (2016)

Here we report two cases of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in pediatric patients following orthotopic heart transplantation due to low cardiac output and inability to separate from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Both patients had significant donor/recipient size mismatch: ratios were 0.71 and 1.73. Cannulation was via the right atrium to ascending aorta using Maquet ECMO kits to achieve veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) configuration. Activated clotting time (ACT) was maintained at 150-170 seconds. Systemic blood pressure goals were a mean arterial pressure of 60-80 mmHg. Both patients successfully recovered the cardiac function and were discharged home without severe complications. ECMO can effectively support pediatric patients after orthotopic heart transplantation to successful recovery despite the use of extreme donor/recipient size mismatch.
Experimental Study of Particle Deposition in Bends of Circular Cross Section (1987)

The deposition efficiency of liquid particles in tube bends of circular cross section has been measured for flow Reynolds numbers of 100, 1000, 6000, and 10,000. The particle Reynolds number, Re p, was in the range 0.6–3.9 for the laminar flow cases (i.e., Re = 100 and 1000), whereas for the turbulent flow cases (i.e., Re = 6000 and 10,000) Re p was in the range 1.3–12.7. Bends constructed of stainless steel and glass tubes of different diameters were used. The experiments were performed using monodisperse aerosols generated by the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. The results were in good agreement with the theory of Cheng and Wang for Re = 1000, but differed from theory for Re = 100. For the turbulent cases, no dependence was found on the flow Reynolds number and an exponential curve of deposition efficiency versus Stokes number was fitted to the experimental results. A theoretical justification of the form of the curve is given in the paper.
A multi-swarm approach for neighbor selection in peer-to-peer networks (2008)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) topology has a significant influence on the performance, search efficiency and functionality, and scalability of the application. In this paper, we investigate a multi-swarm approach to the problem of Neighbor Selection (NS) in P2P networks. Particle swarm optimization algorithm share some common characteristics with P2P in a dynamic social environment. Each particle encodes the upper half of the peer-connection matrix through the undirected graph, which reduces the search space dimension. The synergetic performance is achieved by the adjustment to the velocity influenced by the individual's cognition, the group cognition from multi-swarms, and the social cognition from the whole swarm. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated and compared with two other different algorithms. The results indicate that it usually required shorter time to obtain better results than the other considered methods, specially for large scale problems.
ATM peer group leader attack and mitigation (2003)

The private network to network interface (PNNI) provides routing and signalling functions in an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network. The routing function is based on a logical hierarchical structure to reduce the complexity for a majority of the routing nodes. The hierarchy comprises groups of nodes. Each group contains one or more logical group nodes (LGNs) which summarize routing information about their children and send (or flow) it to other LGNs. Each group also contains zero or one peer group leaders (PGL). The principal function of the PGL is the flooding of summary routing information from logical group members (LGM) to the next higher level of the hierarchy. The PGL also flows summary information it receives from the next higher level to other logical nodes. If the connectivity information in the PGL's table changes due to malfunction or malicious action, portions of the network can be isolated from each other. When the change is due to malfunction, the normal processes for electing a new PGL will quickly remedy the problem. This paper suggests physical and logical changes to the ATM architecture to improve fault tolerance and security. The recommendations made are aimed at the peer group structure. Additional physical and logical links are recommended between logical groups to minimize the damage due to routing corruption by any single node. Also, logical procedures to recognize and remove a corrupted PGL from its position are also presented. Shadow PGL(s) are recommended to provide a fast smooth transition from one PGL to the next. A shadow PGL will also serve the purpose of providing cross checks on the information flow by the PGL and will enhance network security.
The Role of Chemistry in the Development of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of Cancer (1993)

Abstract A therapeutic method that selectively destroys malignant cells in the presence of normal cells is a highly valued goal of oncologists and the possible salvation of cancer patients afflicted with some incurable forms of the disease. Selective cell destruction is, in principle, possible with a binary therapeutic strategy based upon the neutron capture reaction observed with the 10 B nucleus and a neutron of low kinetic energy (thermal neutron). This nuclear fission reaction produces both 4 He and 7 Li + nuclei along with about 2.4 MeV of kinetic energy and weak γ‐radiation. Since the energetic and cytotoxic product ions travel only about one cell diameter in tissue one may specify the cell type to be destroyed by placing innocent 10 B nuclei on or within only the doomed cells. This article describes the current status of chemical research aimed at the eventual adoption of this therapeutic method (boron neutron capture therapy or BNCT). The multidisciplinary nature of this research effort involves chemistry, biology, nuclear physics, medicine, and related specialties. Methods devised for bringing 10 B nuclei to tumor cells in therapeutic amounts are correlated with the structure of a generalized cell and the various cellular compartments available for boron localization. The synthesis methods employed for the creation of boron‐containing biomolecules and drugs are presented along with representative data concerning their efficacy in tumor localization. The outlook for BNCT is especially bright at this time because of rapid developments in the fields of bioorganometallic chemistry, microbiology, immunology, and nuclear science, to name but a few. Very effective boron delivery vehicles have been demonstrated, and through the interaction of chemistry and biology these species are undergoing further improvement and evaluation of their suitability for BNCT.
Abstract 16810: Validation of an iPhone ECG Application Suitable for Community Screening for Silent Atrial Fibrillation: A Novel Way to Prevent Stroke (2012)

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia and carries a 5-fold increased risk of stroke. AF is common in the elderly, and previously unrecognised AF is estimated t...
Spin filtering in ferromagnetic bilayers (2002)

A general analysis of spin-polarized electron transmission through ultrathin ferromagnetic bilayers is presented. The system is analyzed in terms of density operator and a compact description of spin-filtering and spin-precession effects is given. The Sherman function, which characterizes the spin selectivity, is precisely defined. Application to spin detectors is discussed and, in particular, the two important cases where the layer magnetizations are collinear or orthogonal are studied in detail.
Peptide Identification from Mixture Tandem Mass Spectra (2010)

The success of high-throughput proteomics hinges on the ability of computational methods to identify peptides from tandem mass spectra (MS/MS). However, a common limitation of most peptide identification approaches is the nearly ubiquitous assumption that each MS/MS spectrum is generated from a single peptide. We propose a new computational approach for the identification of mixture spectra generated from more than one peptide. Capitalizing on the growing availability of large libraries of single-peptide spectra (spectral libraries), our quantitative approach is able to identify up to 98% of all mixture spectra from equally abundant peptides and automatically adjust to varying abundance ratios of up to 10:1. Furthermore, we show how theoretical bounds on spectral similarity avoid the need to compare each experimental spectrum against all possible combinations of candidate peptides (achieving speedups of over five orders of magnitude) and demonstrate that mixture-spectra can be identified in a matter of seconds against proteome-scale spectral libraries. Although our approach was developed for and is demonstrated on peptide spectra, we argue that the generality of the methods allows for their direct application to other types of spectral libraries and mixture spectra.
Assessment of a large aperture telescope trade space and active opto-mechanical control architecture (1997)

The Air Force's Phillips Laboratory has actively pursued component technology developments that support space based imaging and space-based laser weapon platforms. The components must be integrated successfully to field operational systems. The integration of many of these technology developments is tightly coupled and often themselves a technology barrier that must be overcome before a system can go ahead. As a result, the Phillips Laboratory initiated the UltraLITE program. The program has focused on the integration concerns of advanced sparse optical array systems. Sparse optical arrays offer significant benefits over the existing monolithic telescopes flown in space today; however, for a sparse optical array successful, the program technologies in the areas of advanced optical element fabrication, advanced lightweight actively controlled deployable structures, wavefront error sensing and compensation methods, and image post-processing algorithms. All these technologies must come to fruition and work together for such a program to succeed. The UltraLITE program concentrates on providing techniques for large precision deployable structures and wavefront sensing and control. The program will demonstrate these technologies in the laboratory with the long term goal of a space flight in a 0-g, micro-gravity environment.
Cycle-slip-detector-aided iterative timing recovery algorithm (2003)

Summary form only given. Recent research on capacity approaching codes, i.e., low density parity check (LDPC) codes and turbo codes, assumes perfect timing recovery systems. Conventional timing recovery devices tend to experience cycle-slips at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). In our previous work, we developed a cycle-slip detector (CSD) for AWGN channels using the decoder soft information. In this paper, we generalize the method and develop the CSD for channels with intersymbol interference. We investigate the PR4 (1-D/sup 2/) channel with a rate 4/5 LDPC code. The channel experiences a slowly time-varying phase drift. We use the Mueller and Muller (M&M) synchronizer to track the phase drift. For i.i.d. equally likely binary symbols, the soft information is the symbol a posteriori probability (APP). Both the symbol APPs and the preliminary decisions for the timing recovery algorithm are provided by a forward-only implementation of the BCJR algorithm, with a survival memory length of 6. This paper further investigates an iterative timing recovery scheme with the aid of the CSD.
Treatment with desipramine improves breathing and survival in a mouse model for Rett syndrome (2007)

Rett syndrome (RS) is a severe X-linked neurological disorder in which most patients have mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein2 (MECP2) gene. No effective treatment exists. We previously showed that the Mecp2-deficient mice, a mouse model of RS, have highly variable respiratory rhythm and frequent apneas due to reduced norepinephrine (NE) content, and a drastic decrease of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-expressing neurons in the medulla. We showed here that treating these mice with desipramine (DMI), which specifically inhibits NE reuptake, significantly improved their respiratory rhythm during several weeks. In addition, the treatment significantly extended their lifespan. At the cellular level, we showed that the reduced number of TH-expressing neurons before treatment in the mutant animals was not due to apoptosis. Conversely, we found that DMI treatment increased the number of TH-expressing neurons in the mutant brainstem to reach wild-type levels. We showed that this increase was not due to cellular proliferation. We propose that the Mecp2-deficient TH-expressing neurons lose their ability to synthesize TH at some point during their postnatal development. Our results suggest that a pharmacological stimulation of the noradrenergic system could be a promising approach for the treatment of the respiratory dysfunction which causes a significant proportion of death in RS patients.
Effects of Adjuvants to Local Anaesthetics on Their Duration (1985)

A randomized study of the duration of ulnar nerve blockade induced with 2% prilocaine or 0.5% bupivacaine with and without 0.4% hyaluronic acid was performed in volunteers. In contrast to results in experimental animals, the addition of hyaluronic acid to the local anaesthetic solution did not affect the duration of sensory nerve block.
Log System Based on Software Testing System Design And Implementation (2015)

Defect testing system is developed in recent years, which is a source code static analysis technology, mainly used in automatic or semi-automatic software defect detection and prevention, this kind of defect testing tools due to the characteristics of high efficiency and easy to use, has been widely used in high availability software testing. And in the process of software development and system running, and the log management is a very important part. Detect testing system analysis is a very complex process that requires a defect testing logging system output information of system operation process, to provide users with sufficient information system operation. At the same time, output program operation exception information, it is convenient for developers quickly locating and solving problems.
Intramolekulare Aromatenalkylierungen, 7. Mitt. Synthese von 4‐Methyl‐8‐aryl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydrochinolinen (1979)

Abstract 8‐Aryltetrahydrochinolinole 12 sind durch reduktive Arylierung der Tetrahydrochinolone 10 mit den Lithiumorganylen 11a, 11c und erstmals auch mit den Grignardreagenzien 11b, 11d im System Ether/Benzol darstellbar. Die Hydrogenolyse von 12 zu den Aryltetrahydrochinolinen 14 gelingt dagegen nicht; auch einfachere Modellverbindungen vom Typ 15 sind nicht zu 16 hydrogenolysierbar. Mit Iodwasserstoff wird jedoch 15 glatt zu 16 reduziert, analog liefert 12a neben dem gewünschten Reduktionsprodukt 14a etwa die gleiche Menge Dehydratisierungsprodukt 13a . Die quantitative Umwandlung von 12 zu 14 ist im Eintopfverfahren über die Dehydratisierungsstufe 13 mit anschließender katalytischer Hydrierung durchführbar. Das Tetrahydrochinolon 10b erhält man durch Ozonisierung von 7 und nachfolgende Hydrogenolyse des Ozonids 9.7 bildet sich selektiv aus Benzaldehyd und Tetrahydrolepidin (6) , das seinerseits bequem durch partielle Hydrierung von Lepidin (5) in Trifluoressigsäure zugänglich ist.
PLOW: a collaborative task learning agent (2007)

To be effective, an agent that collaborates with humans needs to be able to learn new tasks from humans they work with. This paper describes a system that learns executable task models from a single collaborative learning session consisting of demonstration, explanation and dialogue. To accomplish this, the system integrates a range of AI technologies: deep natural language understanding, knowledge representation and reasoning, dialogue systems, planning/agent-based systems and machine learning. A formal evaluation shows the approach has great promise.
Inside microsoft® sql server™ 2005: query tuning and optimization (2007)

Dive deep into the internals of query tuning and optimization in SQL Server 2005 with this comprehensive reference. Understanding the internals of SQL Server helps database developers and administrators to better create, access, and effectively process information from enterprise data. Written by experts on SQL Server, this volume from the Inside Microsoft SQL Server series of books focuses on query tuning and optimization. You'll take an in-depth look at the best ways to make queries more efficient and effective, while maximizing existing resources. Includes extensive code samples and table examples to help database developers and administrators understand the intricacies and help promote mastery of query tuning and optimization.
Expression of CD40 Ligand on CD4+ T-Cells and Platelets Correlated to the Coronary Artery Lesion and Disease Progress in Kawasaki Disease (2003)

CD40L might play a role in the immunopathogenesis of KD. IVIG therapy might downregulate CD40L expression, resulting in decrease of CD40L-mediated vascular damage in KD. This implicates that modulation of CD40L expression may benefit to treat KD vasculitis.
종설 : 신생아의 신경 보호 또는 신경 손상 방지 전략 (2010)

Brain injury secondary to hypoxia-ischemia is the predominant form of all brain injury encountered in the perinatal period and one of the most commonly recognized causes of severe, long-term neurologic deficits in children. Much progress has been made toward understanding the mechanisms contributing to ongoing brain injury after intrapartum hypoxia ischemia. Multiple pathways of oxidative stress, inflammation, and excitotoxicity lead to both early and late phases of cell damage and death. Therapies targeting these different pathways have shown potential in protecting the brain from ongoing injury. A search for therapies that can prevent injury progression or enhance repair of the immature brain continues and recent evidence suggests that therapies may be combined to enhance the protective and reparative processes, and consideration for the best time to perform these interventions are necessary. In this article, I will focus briefly on the pathogenetic biochemical events leading to neuronal death and then, in particular, the neuroprotective interventions based on these biochemical events.
Synthetic and antibacterial studies of rhodanine derivatives with indol-2,3-diones (2001)

A facile synthesis of new isatylidene and quinoline derivatives is described by treatment of rhodanine with indol-2,3-diones via Knoevenagel condensation and Pfitzinger reaction respectively. The reaction of indol-2,3-dione derivatives with five membered heterocycles, viz rhodanine under normal and basic conditions is described. While refluxing with ethanol it afford 3,4-dihydro-3[2-thioxo-4 -thiazolidinoneJindol-2-one 3, under basic conditions l -methyl-2-thio-4-thiazolidino[5,4-b J quinoline-4-carboxylic acid 4 is obtained. The compounds 3 and 4 have been characterized by spectral studies and elemental analyses and screened for antibacterial activity.
A call admission control scheme for ATM networks using a simple quality estimate (1991)

The authors propose a call admission control scheme based on a method of estimating cell loss quality for individual bursty traffic sources. The estimate is expressed in terms of virtual cell loss probability, which may be defined by two traffic characteristic parameters alone: peak and mean rate. The approach is suitable for the estimation of real cell loss probability in heterogeneous and homogeneous traffic models when burst length is larger than buffer capacity. The concept of virtual cell loss probability is extended to the individual call level so as to be able to estimate the quality of service (QOS) provided to individual calls. A virtual bandwidth method is used to develop a practical call admission control system. Quality is ensured by combining a traffic clustering scheme, with a scheme for assigning individual clusters to subcapacities of a link. Priority levels are presented in terms of the class of QOS required, i.e., deterministic or statistical, and the allocation of virtual bandwidth is discussed in terms of both QOS class and traffic characteristics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Identification, cloning, and functional analysis of the human U6 snRNA-specific terminal uridylyl transferase (2006)

Mammalian cells contain a highly specific terminal uridylyl transferase (TUTase) that exclusively accepts U6 snRNA as substrate. This enzyme, termed U6-TUTase, was purified from HeLa cell extracts and analyzed by microsequencing. All sequenced peptides matched a unique human cDNA coding for a previously unknown protein. Domain structure analysis revealed that the U6-TUTase also belongs to the well-characterized poly(A) polymerase protein superfamily. However, by amino acid sequence as well as RNA-binding motifs, human U6-TUTase is highly divergent from both the poly(A) polymerases and from the TUTases identified within the editing complexes of trypanosomes. After cloning, the recombinant U6-TUTase was expressed in HeLa cells. Analysis of its catalytical activity confirmed the identity of the cloned protein as U6-TUTase, exhibiting the same exclusive substrate specificity for U6 snRNA as the endogenous enzyme. That unique selectivity even excluded as substrate U6atac RNA, the functional homolog of the minor spliceosome. Finally, RNAi knockdown experiments revealed that U6-TUTase is essential for cell proliferation. Surprisingly, large amounts of the recombinant enzyme were found to accumulate within nucleoli.