gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variability Associated with Analytical Methods Used To Measure Aflatoxin in Agricultural Commodities (1996)

A total of 1019 analytical precision estimates obtained from method-performance (collaborative) studies for mycotoxins published through 1991 were sorted by type of variance measurement, type of analytical method, and type of agricultural commodity. Precision estimates for total aflatoxin were sorted into 2 precision measurements (among-laboratories and within-laboratory), 3 analytical methods (thin-layer chromatography [TLC], liquid chromatography [LC], and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]), and 11 agricultural commodities. Sufficient data existed to study the analytical variability (precision) associated with 36 sorted combinations (of a possible 66). In all but one combination (within-laboratory, barley, and TLC), the variance (V) was a function of total aflatoxin concentration (C). A power function of the form V = aCb, where a and b are constants, describes the relationship between variance and aflatoxin concentration. The coefficients a and b were determined from regression analysis. When results were pooled across all agricultural commodities, LC had the lowest analytical variability while ELISA had the highest. For a given method, among-laboratories variability was approximately double the within-laboratory variability. These analytical variability estimates can be coupled with previously determined variability estimates of sampling and sample preparation to determine the performance associated with specific test procedures used to inspect agricultural commodities for aflatoxin.
Delayed aortic rupture caused by an implanted anterior spinal device (2001)

The authors describe a case of delayed aortic rupture following the application of a smooth-rod Kaneda (SRK) instrument. This is a rare but critical complication of anterior spinal fusion in which instrumentation is placed, and the authors wish to draw attention to the possible complications arising from such surgery. A few cases of this complication were reported in 1986. No reports have been published since then; perhaps because techniques and implant design have improved. In this case, a 53-year-old man suffered a T-11 fracture and related paraparesis, and he underwent decompression and anterior fusion in which an iliac bone graft was placed using an SRK device. Although his neurological deficit resolved postoperatively, nonunion of the grafted bone caused progressive kyphosis of the thoracolumbar spine. Twenty months after surgery, he complained of progressive gastrointestinal symptoms, and a delayed aortic rupture with a pseudoaneurysm was found surrounding the implant. The aortic pseudoaneurysm was replaced with an artificial vessel, and the SRK device was removed immediately. Delayed aortic rupture associated with anterior instrumentation is extremely rare but can occur. Even if the design of the implants can be improved, the placement of implants near the aorta and subsequent changes in the close anatomical relationship between the aorta and the implant eventually may result in this life-threatening complication. Careful follow-up examination and early removal of the implant, if necessary, are important.
Systemic Complications of Acromegaly: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Management (2004)

This review focuses on the systemic complications of acromegaly. Mortality in this disease is increased mostly because of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, although currently neoplastic complications have been questioned as a relevant cause of increased risk of death. Biventricular hypertrophy, occurring independently of hypertension and metabolic complications, is the most frequent cardiac complication. Diastolic and systolic dysfunction develops along with disease duration; and other cardiac disorders, such as arrhythmias, valve disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction, are also common in acromegaly. Control of acromegaly by surgery or pharmacotherapy, especially somatostatin analogs, improves cardiovascular morbidity. Respiratory disorders, sleep apnea, and ventilatory dysfunction are also important contributors in increasing mortality and are advantageously benefitted by controlling GH and IGF-I hypersecretion. An increased risk of colonic polyps, which more frequently recur in patients not controlled after treatment, has been reported by several independent investigations, although malignancies in other organs have also been described, but less convincingly than at the gastrointestinal level. Finally, the most important cause of morbidity and functional disability of the disease is arthropathy, which can be reversed at an initial stage, but not if the disease is left untreated for several years.
Effects of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular risk: a meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials (2013)

The present meta-analysis confirms the cardiovascular safety of GLP-1 RA, at least in the short term and in low-risk individuals. GLP-1 RA could have a beneficial effect on the incidence of MACE, at least in comparison with placebo.
Plasma-derived microparticles for biomarker discovery. (2008)

The field of mass spectrometry-based proteomics has been transformed over the last decade due to advances in technology, sample preparation, bioinformatics, and computational tools. While this has led to a dramatic increase in research related to biomarker discovery, the promise of finding a significant number of new biomarkers has not yet materialized. Current proteomic technology is able to detect and analyze extremely small amounts of proteins (picomole to attomole level), but has difficulty detecting and quantifying proteins present at 2- to 3-orders of magnitude lower than the more abundant proteins. This is referred to as the dynamic range problem. Normal biological fluids used for biomarker discovery, such as plasma or urine, contain a small number of proteins present at much higher amounts than the remaining proteins. For example, in the plasma, albumin and immunoglobulins are present at milligrams per milliliter, while proteins of interest for biomarker discovery may be present at micrograms to picograms per ml. This has led us to investigate the microparticle subproteome which has a high likelihood of containing potential biomarkers. While this subproteome makes up less than 0.01% of the total plasma proteome, it is rich in proteins altered under a variety of pathological conditions.
Photonics technology development for optical fuzing (2004)

The paper reports on the development of a robust and compact photonic proximity sensor for munition applications. The technologies exploited in the optical fuze design are vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs), integrated resonant cavity photodetectors (RCPD) and diffractive micro-optics. This work will culminate in a robust, fully integrated, component design suitable for proximity fuzing applications.
<i>The Physics of the Stratosphere</i> . R. M. Goody. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1954. 187 pp. Illus. $5 (1954)

NEXT ARTICLENational Academy of Sciences: Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Annual Meeting April 26-28, 1954, Washington, D.C.
Effects of Glutamine Deamination on Glutamine Deamidation in Rat Kidney Slices (1973)

Glutamate is known to inhibit the activity of isolated glutaminase I; however, its actual physiologic importance in regulating renal ammoniagenesis has not been established. To determine the regulatory role of glutamate on the metabolism of glutamine by rat kidney slices, we followed the effects on glutamine (2 mM) deamidation of increased removal of glutamate via augmented deamination. Three agents (malonate, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and methylene blue) were known to and shown here to hasten exogenous glutamate deamination. In slices from 10 control rats, 21.5+/-1.7 (SEM) mumol/g of ammonia were formed from amide nitrogen and 9.3+/-0.5 (SEM) mumol/g from the amino nitrogen of glutamine in vitro. Over 90% of the glutamine deamidated formed glutamate at one point in its catabolism. After addition of malonate (10 mM), 2,4-dinitrophenol (0.1 mM), or methylene blue (0.5 mM), the production of ammonia from the amino group rose to 29.3+/-6.0 (SEM) mumol/g, 20.0+/-1.8 (SEM) mumol/g, and 15.5+/-4.2 (SEM) mumol/g, respectively; ammonia production from the amide nitrogen rose also, 45.1+/-7.3 (SEM) mumol/g, 39.7+/-2.6 (SEM) mumol/g, and 41.9+/-3.7 (SEM) mumol/g. In the case of the former two, a minimum of 99% and 75% of the glutamine catabolized formed glutamate. Despite increased glutamine catabolism, there was no build up of glutamate in the media. A correlation between the formation of ammonia from the amino and amide nitrogen was apparent. Since none of the three agents selected affected phosphate activated glutaminase I activity directly or appeared to affect glutamine transport, we interpret the increase in deamidation as an expression of deinhibition of glutaminase I activity secondary to lowered glutamate concentrations at the deamidating sites through more rapid removal of glutamate via hastened deamination. Interestingly, slices removed from acidotic rats produced more ammonia from both the amino 29.1+/-3.8 (SEM) and amide nitrogens 45.9+/-4.3 (SEM) of glutamine, without a buildup of glutamate in the medium. At least 90% of the glutamine deamidated formed glutamate. A common mechanism is proposed to explain these results and the previous ones.
Fusobacterium prausnitzii (Hauduroy et al.) Moore and Holdeman: Emended Description and Designation of Neotype Strain (1974)

Forty strains that conform closely to the original description of Bacteroides praussnitzii Hauduroy et al. have been studied, and previously undescribed characteristics of this organism are presented. Because of their metabolic activity, these organisms are members of the genus Fusobacterium as presently defined. Strain ATCC 27768 (= VPI C13-51) is designated as the neotype strain of Fusobacterium prausnitzii (Hauduroy et al.) Moore and Holdeman.
A User Interaction Model for NFC Enabled Applications (2007)

Near field communication (NFC) is a short-range wireless protocol that allows users to connect devices and access content and services by simply holding enabled devices near each other. This paper introduces a user interaction model for NFC enabled applications. Our model specifies that enabled devices take on the properties and context of the objects required in the interaction. This transformation leverages the existing knowledge users have about certain objects and thus can support a number of different applications tied together with simple, intuitive and repeatable interactions. In this paper, we present an overview of the model and the system we have implemented to enable evaluation. We also detail some research challenges we are pursuing
The Hantzsch Reaction. I. Oxidative Dealkylation of Certain Dihydropyridines (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Hantzsch Reaction. I. Oxidative Dealkylation of Certain DihydropyridinesBernard Loev and Kenneth M. SnaderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 6, 1914–1916Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01017a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01017a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2364Altmetric-Citations226LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic fault detection and execution monitoring in cooperative maneuvering (2015)

One strong motivation for introducing Vehicle-to-Vehicle technology is added safety. This technology will allow cooperative maneuver planing to help prevent many accidents in the future. However, safety for road users can only be effectively supported if the calculated motion plan for all participants is followed accurately and without deviation. A novel algorithm for monitoring of cooperative motion plans is presented. It solves a conflict by generating a state space for the possible maneuvers for the involved traffic participants, tracking the progress of these maneuvers, and reacting to deviations to help alleviate accidents and help ensure a safe conflict resolution. The proposed monitoring algorithm is applicable to all kinds of road environments and road users. Preliminary results indicate the wide usability and performance of this approach.
Interaction of Indigo Carmine with Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Application to Determination of Cationic Surfactant in Wastewater (2003)

The microsurface adsorption - spectral correction (MSASC) technique has been applied to the interaction of indigo carmine (IC) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The aggregation of IC on CTAB obeys Langmuir isothermal adsorption. The results show that both the monomer complex <TEX>$IC{\cdot}CTAB$</TEX> and the micellar complex <TEX>$(IC{\cdot}CTAB)_{78}$</TEX> were formed. The binding constant of the monomer complex was calculated to be <TEX>$K_{IC{\cdot}CTAB}$</TEX> = 2.20 <TEX>${\times}10^5L{\cdot}mol^{-1}$</TEX>, and the molar absorptivity of the micellar complex was calculated to be <TEX>${\varepsilon}_{(IC{\cdot}CTAB)78}\;^{560nm}$</TEX> = 8.58 <TEX>${\times}10^5L{\cdot}mol^{-1}{\cdot}cm^{-1}$</TEX>. The aggregation was applied to the determination of cationic surfactant in wastewater.
Some physicochemical properties of 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane, phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone, 5,5-dimethylpyrroline-N-oxide, and 2,5,5-trimethylpyrroline-N-oxide and the feasibility of their use as spin traps in aqueous solution. (1981)

The chemical and photochemical stabilities of 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (NtB), phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN), 5, 5-dimethylpyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), and 2, 5, 5-trimethylpyrroline-N-oxide (TMPO) in aqueous solutions were examined and the feasibility of their use as spin traps was evaluated. NtB has a poor solubility in water. The dissociation of dimeric NtB to its active monomeric form is slow and is accompanied by complicated decomposition reactions even in the dark. PBN is subject to hydrolysis in strongly acidic solutions, the rate constant being 90 M-1 hr-1. DMPO and TMPO were found to be stable to hydrolysis and fairly inert to photolysis. These results, together with other findings, led us to conclude that DMPO may be the first choice and PBN the second as a spin trap to be used in aqueous solutions.
Effect of plasma osmolality and intraocular pressure on fluid movement across the blood-retinal barrier. (1988)

The inward permeability of the blood-retinal barrier to carboxyfluorescein was determined in monkey eyes with and without rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). In the absence of changes in the diffusional permeability of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), inward permeability changes reflect changes in fluid flow across the RPE. Intravenous injection of mannitol resulted in a 15 mosmol/kg increase in plasma osmolality which decreased inward permeability 37% in eyes with RD and 21% in eyes with vitrectomy alone. When the intraocular pressure was raised 20 mm Hg above normal, inward permeability decreased 29% in eyes with RD and 32% in normal eyes. It is concluded that fluid flow across the blood-retinal barrier is influenced by both plasma osmolality and intraocular pressure.
Percutaneous aspiration embolectomy. (1993)

Percutaneous aspiration thromboembolectomy (PAT) for management of a spontaneous arterial embolus, or following a complication of balloon angioplasty, was initially described in 1984. Instrument developments using a new clot aspiration system have facilitated this procedure. We report a case where PAT was successful in retrieving a spontaneous arterial embolus, and describe this new technique. We feel that PAT broadens the armamentarium of the vascular surgeon in the management of emboli to the distal circulation, where the results for operative embolectomy are frequently less than ideal.
<scp>RNA</scp>i‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions (2012)

Cottonseed remains a low-value by-product of lint production mainly due to the presence of toxic gossypol that makes it unfit for monogastrics. Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed (ULGCS) lines were developed using RNAi knockdown of δ-cadinene synthase gene(s) in Gossypium hirsutum. The purpose of the current study was to assess the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait and evaluate the agronomic performance of the transgenic lines. Trials conducted over a period of 3 years show that the ULGCS trait was stable under field conditions and the foliage/floral organs of transgenic lines contained wild-type levels of gossypol and related terpenoids. Although it was a relatively small-scale study, we did not observe any negative effects on either the yield or quality of the fibre and seed in the transgenic lines compared with the nontransgenic parental plants. Compositional analysis was performed on the seeds obtained from plants grown in the field during 2009. As expected, the major difference between the ULGCS and wild-type cottonseeds was in terms of their gossypol levels. With the exception of oil content, the composition of ULGCS was similar to that of nontransgenic cottonseeds. Interestingly, the ULGCS had significantly higher (4%-8%) oil content compared with the seeds from the nontransgenic parent. Field trial results confirmed the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait suggesting that this RNAi-based product has the potential to be commercially viable. Thus, it may be possible to enhance and expand the nutritional utility of the annual cottonseed output to fulfil the ever-increasing needs of humanity.
Semi-autonomous virtual valet parking (2010)

Despite regulations specifying parking spots that support wheelchair vans, it is not uncommon for end users to encounter problems with clearance for van ramps. Even if a driver elects to park in the far reaches of a parking lot as a precautionary measure, there is no guarantee that the spot next to their van will be empty when they return. Likewise, the prevalence of older drivers who experience significant difficulty with ingress and egress from vehicles is nontrivial and the ability to fully open a car door is important. This work describes a method and user interaction for low cost, short-range parking without a driver in car. This will enable ingress/egress without the doors being blocked by neighboring cars.
Interactions of the Vitamin D Receptor with the Corepressor Hairless (2007)

Atrichia with papular lesions (APL) and hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets have a similar congenital hair loss disorder caused by mutations in hairless (HR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes, respectively. HR is a VDR corepressor, and it has been hypothesized that VDR.HR suppress gene expression during specific phases of the hair cycle. In this study, we examined the corepressor activity of HR mutants (E583V, C622G, N970S, V1056M, D1012N, V1136D, and Q1176X) previously described as the molecular cause of APL as well as HR variants (P69S, C397Y, A576V, E591G, R620Q, T1022A) due to non-synonymous polymorphisms in the HR gene. We found that the corepressor activities of all but one of the pathogenic HR mutants were completely abolished. HR mutant E583V exhibited normal corepressor activity, suggesting that it may not be pathogenic. In co-immunoprecipitation assays, all of the pathogenic HR mutants bound VDR but exhibited reduced binding to histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), suggesting that the impaired corepressor activity is due in part to defective interactions with HDACs. The HR variants exhibited two classes of corepressor activity, those with normal activity (C397Y, E591G, R620Q) and those with partially reduced activity (P69S, A576V, T1022A). All of the variants interacted with VDR and HDAC1 with the exception of P69S, which was degraded. When coexpressed with VDR, all of the HR pathogenic mutants and variants increased the level of VDR protein, demonstrating that this function of HR was not impaired by these mutations. This study of HR mutations provides evidence for the molecular basis of APL.
An Advanced Deburring and Chamfering System (1990)

A second-generation automated deburring cell is currently under development at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. This cell will be capable of automatically generating, from part geometry and machining information, a series of robot paths for deburring aerospace parts made from superalloys. In order to compensate for the inaccuracy of robots when following computed coordinates, an actively-controlled end effector will be used to precisely position a rotary file in response to forces sensed at the part edge.
Monitoring the thermal condition of permanent-magnet synchronous motors (1996)

This paper describes a novel approach to monitoring the condition of small permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) operating under thermal stress. The approach begins with the estimation of temperature-dependent motor parameters from measurements of line voltages and currents. The parameters are then used to derive estimates of motor temperatures. Next, the electrically estimated temperatures are combined with a surface measurement of motor temperature and a dynamic thermal model of the motor to yield an observer that is a Kalman filter. The temperatures estimated by the observer are used for failure prevention. Finally, by modifying the observer, it is tuned to use the geometric properties of its innovation for failure detection. The innovation, that is, the difference between the thermally and electrically estimated temperatures, is monitored and compared against appropriate thresholds to detect failures. Failure detection is demonstrated experimentally, and shown to be capable of distinguishing the conditions of normal operation, and operation with obstructed cooling.
KinectArms (2013)

Gestures are a ubiquitous part of human communication over tables, but when tables are distributed, gestures become difficult to capture and represent. There are several problems: extracting arm images from video, representing the height of the gesture, and making the arm embodiment visible and understandable at the remote table. Current solutions to these problems are often expensive, complex to use, and difficult to set up. We have developed a new toolkit - KinectArms - that quickly and easily captures and displays arm embodiments. KinectArms uses a depth camera to segment the video and determine gesture height, and provides several visual effects for representing arms, showing gesture height, and enhancing visibility. KinectArms lets designers add rich arm embodiments to their systems without undue cost or development effort, greatly improving the expressiveness and usability of distributed tabletop groupware.
Nonlinear circuit theory (1978)

Many highly nonlinear devices have been invented over the past two decaded and are becoming increasingly important in the design of modern electronic systems. The behaviors of these systems can be extremely complex and any circuit theory for analyzing such exotic phenomena must necessarily be nonlinear. In particular, some recent research on the modeling of nonlinear devices has demonstrated the dire need for developing a foundation for nonlinear circuits.