gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An anatomic evaluation of the sacrospinous ligament colpopexy. (1989)

A series of 31 sacrospinous ligament suspensions performed for correction of genital prolapse between 1980 and 1986 is reviewed. The success rate was 81 per cent. A cadaver dissection of the sacrospinous ligament was also performed with the same approach used at operation. This was done to understand better the relationships involved, to identify areas of potential complications and to improve the technique used. A dense fascia covers the coccygeus muscle, and care should be taken not to confuse this with the sacrospinous ligament. The possibility of injury to the nearby vessels and nerves can be avoided with the careful placement of suture through the sacrospinous ligament and two fingerbreadths medial to its insertion on the ischial spine. At the conclusion of the suspension, the vaginal apex should be intimately attached to the coccygeus muscle and sacrospinous ligament complex. The use of absorbable suture has been recommended by some, but the success of the procedure may be increased by using permanent suture. If anatomic relationships of the nearby structures are remembered, sacrospinous ligament suspension can be a safe, effective and relatively simple procedure for the correction of severe prolapse of the vaginal vault.
Two complementary methods to characterize long range proximity effects due to develop loading (2010)

Variations in critical dimension (CD) as a function of the proximity of an individual feature to other exposed areas are a continuing problem both in mask fabrication and in optical lithography. For example, the CD uniformity (CDU) may degrade significantly depending on the proximity to densely or sparsely exposed areas. These pattern density effects will continue to worsen as feature sizes decrease to 22 nm and below. Pattern density effects in electron beam lithography using chemically amplified resists are believed to arise from several sources. One such source, fogging, refers to the backscattering of secondary electrons onto the resist to cause deviations from the nominal pattern size. A second contributor is acid volatility, where photogenerated acid is presumed to redeposit on the wafer or mask during exposure or bake; here we refer to this effect as chemical flare. A third source of pattern density effects is develop loading, which results in local depletion of developer in highly exposed regions. All three of these may simultaneously contribute to a net observed CD variation. In this report we describe the application of two different techniques for evaluating these proximity effects. The first is based on electron-beam lithography patterning, and compares CD values of test patterns which are exposed under brightfield and dark-field conditions. The second uses a series of different test patterns formed by DUV (248nm) exposure and a custom liquid flow cell to separately characterize resist related density effects.
Enhancing Clustering Algorithm to Plan Efficient Mobile Network (2012)

With the rapid development in mobile network effective network planning tool is needed to satisfy the need of customers. However, deciding upon the optimum placement for the base stations (BS) to achieve best services while reducing the cost is a complex task requiring vast computational resource. This paper addresses antenna placement problem or the cell planning problem, involves locating and configuring infrastructure for mobile networks. The Cluster Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) original algorithm has been modified and a new algorithm M-PAM (Modified-Partitioning Around Medoids) has been proposed by the authors in a recent work. In the present paper, the M-PAM algorithm is modified and a new algorithm CWN-PAM (Clustering with Weighted Node-Partitioning Around Medoids) has been proposed to satisfy the requirements and constraints. Implementation of this algorithm to a real case study is presented. Results demonstrate the effectiveness and flexibility of the modifying algorithm in tackling the important problem of mobile network planning.
Dues sepultures possiblement alt-medievals al Vilar (Sant Pere de Ribes) (1979)

A 2,5 kms.del nucli urba de Ribes (Garraf) en direcci Est es troben uns camps, pertanyents a la finca de Can Mercer de la Penya, que reben el nom del Vilar; en aquestes terres situades a llevant de la masia, entre una elevaci de roca calcaria i la riera de Jafra, s on hi ha el jaciment que estudiem (fig.1).La seva localitzaci geografica pot determinar-se al full nm.447, Vilanova i la Geltr, del mapa a escala 1150.000 de I"'lnstituto Geogrfico y Catastral", a una longitud de 5' 29' 25", a una latitud de 41' 16' 15" i a uns 95 m. d'altitud sobre el nivel1 del
A new storage scheme for conflict-free vector access (2002)

Investigations into data storage schemes for parallel memory system of vector processing have been mainly focused on low-order interleaved schemes, skewed schemes and XOR schemes. In this paper, a new interleaved storage scheme, namely k-row interleaved scheme, is suggested and investigated. This scheme allocates k consecutive data of a vector onto one memory module sequentially and then the next k consecutive data onto the next memory module. The address mapping functions are devised and the performance of this scheme is evaluated. It is found that this scheme improves the average performance for vector access over the previous schemes. The address generation hardware is also shown to be simple.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Correlation of the Cytotoxicity of TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles with Different Particle Sizes on a Sub‐200‐nm Scale (2011)

The size-mediated cytotoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles is investigated at the cellular and molecular levels. The cytotoxicity dramatically increases around a particle size of 100 nm (nanoscale effect). This finding affords new insights into the cytotoxicity of nanomaterials, and has potential implications in the design of nanostructured biomaterials. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
EDH—Error Detection and Handling in Digital Television (1995)

In a previous tutorial article, we discussed quality control in a digital system. To maintain the best quality, a standard has been developed. It is called EDH, for Error Detection and Handling. The following tutorial describes this method of monitoring a digital system while it is being used for production and broadcast purposes.
Study and development of a Mannich based corrosion inhibitor for hydrochloric acid acidifying (2007)

Mannich base is a kind of excellent corrosion inhibitors,and they are widely applied in the acidifying operations of oil-gas wells.A low-cost Mannich base is developed using cyclohexylamine as raw material.It may be used as the main agent for the oil or gas well acidifying corrosion inhibitor.Taking the static corrosion rate as the experimental appraisal target,the types of raw material are selected,and the influences of reaction temperature,reaction time,reaction system pH on the corrosion inhibiting performance of the products are studied.The synthesis technological conditions of the main agent of acidifying corrosion inhibitor are optimized,and the optimal synthesis technological conditions are obtained.The corrosion inhibiting performance of the synthesized corrosion inhibitor of different concentrations to N-80 steel is tested,and the coordinative effect of the main agent with synergists is discussed.The test result shows that,the first-grade corrosion inhibitor in petroleum and natural gas industry standards can be gained by adding the synthesized corrosion inhibitor of 0.5% into the industrial hydrochloric acid of 20% at 60 ℃.
The Use of On-line Capillary Electrophoresis/Electrospray Ionization with Detection via an Ion Trap Storage/Reflectron Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer for Rapid Mutation-site Analysis of Hemoglobin Variants (1997)

Capillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionization using an ion trap storage/reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer detector (CE/ESI-IT/reTOF) is used to provide a rapid and sensitive method for analyzing structural variants in the hemoglobin (Hb) beta-chain. The Hb alpha- and beta-chains are separated and the beta-chain is digested by trypsin. The digest is analyzed by CE/ESI-IT/reTOF where a comparison of the total ion electrophorograms and mass spectra of the mutant and normal hemoglobins (Hbs) can detect the presence of a mutation site. In addition, collision-induced dissociation in the vacuum interface-skimmer region can be used to pinpoint the identity of such a site. The unique capability of the CE/ESI-IT/reTOF system for accurately detecting fast separations with narrow peaks that may be under 1 s full width at half maximum is demonstrated. The speed of this system is essential for resolution of the large number of peaks that are separated in a short time duration using CE separations.
Current Enhancement with Contact-Area-Limited Doping for Bottom-Gate, Bottom-Contact Organic Thin-Film Transistors (2013)

The current enhancement mechanism in contact-area-limited doping for bottom-gate, bottom-contact (BGBC) p-channel organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) was investigated both by simulation and experiment. Simulation results suggest that carrier shortage and large potential drop occur in the source-electrode/channel interface region in a conventional BGBC OTFT during operation, which results in a decrease in the effective field-effect mobility. These phenomena are attributed to the low carrier concentration of active semiconductor layers in OTFTs and can be alleviated by contact-area-limited doping, where highly doped layers are prepared over source–drain electrodes. According to two-dimensional current distribution obtained from the device simulation, a current flow from the source electrode to the channel region via highly doped layers is generated in addition to the direct carrier injection from the source electrode to the channel, leading to the enhancement of the drain current and effective field-effect mobility. The expected current enhancement mechanism in contact-area-limited doping was experimentally confirmed in typical α-sexithiophene (α-6T) BGBC thin-film transistors.
Novel bronchoscopic strategies for the diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions: Present techniques and future directions (2014)

The diagnosis of the peripheral lung lesion has been a long-standing clinical challenge--balancing accuracy with patient safety. With recent data revealing mortality benefits with lung cancer screening via low-dose computed tomography, now more than ever, clinicians will be challenged with the task of providing the means to provide a safe and minimally invasive method of obtaining accurate tissue diagnostics for the pulmonary nodule. In this review, we present available technologies to aid clinicians in attempts at minimally invasive techniques and the data supporting their use. In addition, we review novel tools under investigation that may further increase yield and provide additional benefit in obtaining an early diagnosis of lung cancer.
Effect of N1, N12-bis(ethyl)spermine and related compounds on growth and polyamine acetylation, content, and excretion in human colon tumor cells (1989)

Exposure of human colon tumor (HT 29 cells) to N1,N12-bis(ethyl)spermine and analogs produced a rapid loss of intracellular polyamines. This loss was brought about predominantly by an increased excretion of spermidine. N1,N11-Bis(ethyl)norspermine and N1,N12-Bis(ethyl)spermine were potent inducers of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase, and this induction facilitated the efflux of polyamines by enhancing the conversion of spermine into spermidine. N1,N14-Bis(ethyl)homospermine, which did not induce spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase, also caused the loss of spermidine from the cell but was less effective in bringing about the decline in intracellular spermine. These results indicate that cellular polyamine levels can be regulated by excretion of spermidine and that the bis(ethyl)spermine derivatives deplete intracellular polyamine content by interference with this process.
Differentiated services versus over-provisioned best-effort for pure-IP mobile networks (2003)

One of the most critical issues for future pure-IP mobile/wireless networks is engineering QoS mechanisms in order to fulfil different user requirements. Time and throughput critical applications, like VoIP and Web, pose strict requirements in such pure-IP domains. Even though DiffServ resolves scalability issues of the stateful-based IntServ architecture, it projects scalability issues in the control plane, which is the bandwidth broker. The paper compares over-provisioned best-effort scenarios and differentiated service (DiffServ) capable schemes, in terms of the QoS achieved by different applications. The main objective is to reveal the degree of over-provisioning needed for best-effort scenarios to provide applications with the same QoS as a DiffServ enabled architecture.
Transmission line filters with advanced filtering characteristics (2002)

This paper presents a recent investigation of a generalized configuration of the transmission line filter for realization of different advanced filtering characteristics that are demanded for wireless and mobile communication systems. We have demonstrated, theoretically and experimentally, several microstrip filters of this type.
Pregnancy Outcome After Treatment for Wilms Tumor: A Report From the National Wilms Tumor Long-Term Follow-Up Study (2010)

Women who receive flank radiation therapy as part of the treatment for unilateral WT are at increased risk of hypertension complicating pregnancy, fetal malposition, and premature labor. The offspring of these women are at risk for low birth weight and premature (ie, < 37 weeks gestation) birth. These risks must be considered in the obstetrical management of female survivors of WT.
RPCT algorithm and its VLSI implementation (1994)

This paper presents the regional projection contour transformation (RPCT) which transforms a compound pattern or multicontour pattern into a unique outer contour. Two RPCT's, (1) diagonal-diagonal regional projection contour transformation and (2) horizontal-vertical regional projection contour transformation, are presented. They are applicable to a wide range of areas such as image analysis, pattern recognition, etc. A very large scale integration (VLSI) architecture to implement the RPCT has also been designed based on a canonical methodology which maps homogeneous dependence graphs into processor arrays. In this paper, a linear array has been designed, where an N/2-element vector is used to process a pattern with a size of N/spl times/N. It can speed up the recognition process considerably with a time complexity of O(N) compared with O(N/sup 2/) when a uniprocessor is used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pyridonecarboxylic Acids as Antibacterial Agents. III (1986)

A series of 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-and 1-(2, 4-difluorophenyl)-4-pyridone-3-carboxylic acid having a substituent at 6-position has been prepared, and their antibacterial activity and urinary recovery in mice were evaluated. Substituents at 6-position remarkably affected the antibacterial activity and urinary recovery. 1''-Methyl-5''-indolyl compounds (4c, 5c) and 4''-methylaminophenyl compound (5f) showed equal or better in vitro activity than 6-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-pyridone-3-carboxylic acid (6) and good urinary recovery. However, no compounds showed better in vitro activity than 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(2-thianaphthenyl)-4-pyridone-3-carboxylic acid (7). Structure-activity relationship focused on 1-and 6-substituents is also discussed.
A method for improving the classification speed of clustering algorithms which use a Euclidean distance metric (1981)

Many pattern recognition computer programs use one of the clustering algorithm techniques. Often these algorithms use a Euclidean distance metric as a similarity measure. A scheme is proposed where both the Euclidean metric and a more simple city-block metric are utilized together to reduce overall classification time. The relation between the Euclidean and city-block distances is introduced as a scalar function. The bounds of the function are given and used to decide whether classification of each pattern vector is to be achieved by the computationally slow Euclidean distance or the faster city-block distance. The criteria is that the classification should be identical to the original Euclidean only scheme.
Low-cost high-quality constant offset injection for SEIR-based ADC built-in-self-test (2014)

Linearity test is a fundamental test for ADCs in production. The stringent linearity requirement for an on-chip signal generator has made ADC built-in-self-test (BIST) solutions prohibitive in the past. The stimulus error identification and removal (SEIR) method has greatly reduced the linearity requirement. However, it still requires the addition of a highly stable voltage offset, which remains a daunting task. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a simple and low-power method to inject the required constant offset. It exploits the inherent capacitive sample-and-hold circuit used in various ADC architectures. It ensures the injected offset to have a very high constancy, which results in an accurate INL estimation. A 16-bit SAR ADC with the proposed BIST scheme is modeled and simulated in Matlab to prove its validity. The results show that the estimation error on the maximum INL is less than 0.07 LSB.
Study of the Competitive Diffusion at 525 °C of Nitrogen and Oxygen in Sputtered β-Tantalum Films (1972)

Thin β-tantalum films, from 200 Å to 1 μ thick, deposited on silicon by diode sputtering in argon at 10−2 Torr, were treated at 525 °C in nitrogen containing well-defined quantities of oxygen and water traces in the parts per million range. The composition of the films, the nitrogen and oxygen incorporation kinetics, were studied by the observation of the nuclear reactions O(d,p) 16O*17 and N(d,α) 14C12 and by ion microprobe mass spectrometry. These experiments enabled us to establish the following points: (i) The predominant initial step of the process corresponds to a rapid (some minutes) nitrogen filling of the film with an almost uniform depth distribution up to an N/Ta ratio of 0.16. (ii) In a competitive process, a simultaneous incorporation of oxygen takes place and imposes the out diffusion of the nitrogen. (iii) Surface oxide film interference colors appear only after the nitrogen removal.
Deduction of functional peptide motifs in scorpion toxins (2006)

Scorpion toxins are important physiological probes for characterizing ion channels. Molecular databases have limited functional annotation of scorpion toxins. Their function can be inferred by searching for conserved motifs in sequence signature databases that are derived statistically but are not necessarily biologically relevant. Mutation studies provide biological information on residues and positions important for structure-function relationship but are not normally used for extraction of binding motifs. 3D structure analyses also aid in the extraction of peptide motifs in which non-contiguous residues are clustered spatially. Here we present new, functionally relevant peptide motifs for ion channels, derived from the analyses of scorpion toxin native and mutant peptides.
Complete Genome sequence of Burkholderia phymatum STM815T, a broad host range and efficient nitrogen-fixing symbiont of Mimosa species (2014)

Burkholderia phymatum is a soil bacterium able to develop a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with species of the legume genus Mimosa, and is frequently found associated specifically with Mimosa pudica. The type strain of the species, STM 815(T), was isolated from a root nodule in French Guiana in 2000. The strain is an aerobic, motile, non-spore forming, Gram-negative rod, and is a highly competitive strain for nodulation compared to other Mimosa symbionts, as it also nodulates a broad range of other legume genera and species. The 8,676,562 bp genome is composed of two chromosomes (3,479,187 and 2,697,374 bp), a megaplasmid (1,904,893 bp) and a plasmid hosting the symbiotic functions (595,108 bp).
Structure and Function of HDL Mimetics (2009)

HDL mimetics have been constructed from a number of peptides and proteins with varying structures, all of which bind lipids found in HDL. HDL mimetics containing a peptide or protein have been constructed with as few as 4 and as many as 243 amino acid residues. Some HDL mimetics have been constructed with lipid but without a peptide or protein component. Some HDL mimetics promote cholesterol efflux, some have been shown to have a remarkable ability to bind oxidized lipids compared to human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I). Many of these peptides have been shown to have antiinflammatory properties. Based on studies in a number of animal models and in early human clinical trials, HDL mimetics appear to have promise as diagnostic and therapeutic agents.
One-step purification and immobilization of extracellularly expressed sortase A by magnetic particles to develop a robust and recyclable biocatalyst (2017)

Sortase A (SrtA) is a transpeptidase widely used to site-specifically modify peptides and proteins and shows promise for industrial applications. In this study, a novel strategy was developed for constructing immobilized-SrtA as a robust and recyclable enzyme via direct immobilization of extracellularly expressed SrtA in the fermentation supernatant using magnetic particles. Efficient extracellular SrtA expression was achieved in Escherichia coli through molecular engineering, including manipulation of the protein transport pathway, codon optimization, and co-expression of molecular chaperones to promote expressed SrtA secretion into the medium at high levels. Subsequently, a simple one-step protocol was established for the purification and immobilization of SrtA containing a His-tag from the fermentation supernatant onto a nickel-modified magnetic particle. The immobilized SrtA was proved to retain full enzymatic activity for peptide-to-peptide ligation and protein modification, and was successfully reused for five cycles without obvious activity loss.
Circulating Osteoprotegerin and Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor κB Ligand: Clinical Utility in Metabolic Bone Disease Assessment (2005)

The clinical utility of serum OPG and sRANKL measurements as markers of disease activity requires additional investigation. In particular, rigorous testing of assays and identification of the sources of measurement variability are required.