gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Schistosomiasis mansoni: blockage of cercarial skin penetration by chemical agents: I. naphthoquinones and derivatives (1977)

Skin penetration by Schistosoma mansoni cercariae may be blocked by 1,4-and 1,2-naphthoquinones applied topically. Of 23 naphthoquinone derivatives synthesized, 15 afforded almost complete protection when applied in solution to the tails of mice 24 hours before exposure to cercariae. On the basis of present evidence the 5-carbon atom side chain present in naturally occurring lapachol seems to be important for activity, and this is in accord with the previous observation that effective protective agents are liposoluble. Topically applied cercarial penetration inhibitors are presently the only prophylactic agents available for use in the field.
Synthesis and evaluation of scaffolds prepared from chitosan fibers for potential use in cartilage tissue engineering. (2004)

Tissue engineering concepts and methodologies that employ biocompatible matrices or scaffolds have the potential to meet needs encountered in the repair of defects in articular cartilage. A desirable design parameter in the tissue engineering of cartilage in vitro is the development of seeded scaffolds with appropriate structure, composition, mechanical properties and durability that are similar to normal articular cartilage. Previous methods that have used freeze drying and lyophilization techniques to make foams and hydrogels have not met the scaffold characteristics (porosity, compressive elastic modulus, permeability and viscoelastic properties), which are required of scaffolds slated for use in cartilage tissue engineering applications. Thus there is an impetus to design and develop biomimetic scaffolds that mimic the native ECM of articular cartilage, and distribute strain in a bioresponsive manner to signal seeded chondrocytes to synthesize and organize ECM to result in material properties that are in range of natural cartilage. We have employed the method of electrospinning to prepare scaffolds with oriented and random fiber alignment.
Effects of protein transduction domain (PTD) selection and position for improved intracellular delivery of PTD-Hsp27 fusion protein formulations (2016)

Protein drugs have attracted considerable attention as therapeutic agents due to their diversity and biocompatibility. However, hydrophilic proteins possess difficulty in penetrating lipophilic cell membrane. Although protein transduction domains (PTDs) have shown effectiveness in protein delivery, the importance of selection and position of PTDs in recombinant protein vector constructs has not been investigated. This study intends to investigate the significance of PTD selection and position for therapeutic protein delivery. Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) would be a therapeutic protein for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases, but itself is insufficient to prevent systemic degradation and overcoming biochemical barriers during cellular transport. Among all PTD-Hsp27 fusion proteins we cloned, Tat-Hsp27 fusion protein showed the highest efficacy. Nona-arginine (9R) conjugation to the N-terminal of Hsp27 (Hsp27-T) showed higher efficacy than C-terminal. To test the synergistic effect of two PTDs, Tat was inserted to the N-terminal of Hsp27-9R. Tat-Hsp27-9R exhibited enhanced transduction efficiency and significant improvement against oxidative stress and apoptosis. PTD-Hsp27 fusion proteins have strong potential to be developed as therapeutic proteins for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases and selection and position of PTDs for improved efficacy of PTD-fusion proteins need to be optimized considering protein's nature, transduction efficiency and stability.
Energy-conversion properties of induction machines in variable-speed constant-frequency generating systems (1959)

IN A LIST of more than 380 technical problems affecting the defense of the United States prepared by the National Inventors Council (Office of Technical Services, U. S. Department of Commerce) appears the following item under the general heading of Power Supplies: “741. AC Generators - Constant frequency, variable speed AC Generators.“ This is but one indication of the importance attached today to the problem of constant-frequency a-c generation, particularly with regard to air-borne applications. In recent years, many solutions to this problem have been proposed, developed and, in some instances, specific constant-frequency generating systems have been actually utilized in aircraft and guided missiles.
An Interface Methodology for Retargettable FPGA Peripherals (2003)

Initially, IP cores in System-On-Chip (SOC) were interconnected through custom interface logics. The more recent use of standard on-chip buses has eased integration and eliminated inefficient glue logic, and hence boosted the production of IP functional cores. However, once an IP block is designed to target a particular on-chip bus standard, retargeting to a different bus is time consuming and tedious. As new bus standards are introduced and different interconnection methods are proposed, this problem increases. Industry standard Bus Wrappers are intended to ease the interface problem, but performance overheads make them unattractive. A new methodology is presented that can automate the connection of an IP block to a wide variety of interface architectures with low overhead through the use a special Interface Adaper Logic layer.
Skeleton-based morphological coding of binary images (1998)

This paper presents new properties of the discrete morphological skeleton representation of binary images, along with a novel coding scheme for lossless binary image compression that is based on these properties. Following a short review of the theoretical background, two sets of new properties of the discrete morphological skeleton representation of binary images are proved. The first one leads to the conclusion that only the radii of skeleton points belonging to a subset of the ultimate erosions are needed for perfect reconstruction. This corresponds to a lossless sampling of the quench function. The second set of new properties is related to deterministic prediction of skeletonal information in a progressive transmission scheme. Based on the new properties, a novel coding scheme for binary images is presented. The proposed scheme is suitable for progressive transmission and fast implementation. Computer simulations, also presented, show that the proposed coding scheme substantially improves the results obtained by previous skeleton-based coders, and performs better than classical coders, including run-length/Huffman, quadtree, and chain coders. For facsimile images, its performance can be placed between the modified read (MR) method (K=4) and modified modified read (MMR) method.
NMOS Low Drop-Out Regulator with Dynamic Biasing (2006)

We introduce a NMOS low drop-out linear voltage regulator which exploits a dynamic biasing strategy to properly drive the NMOS output transistor. The circuit does not require external components and extensive simulations reveal the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Molecular orientation and mechanical anisotropy in polyethylene, polypropylene, and poly/ethylene terephthalate/ films (1969)

Molecular orientation and mechanical isotropy in polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate films
Krafft point depression of some zwitterionic surfactants by inorganic salts (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKrafft point depression of some zwitterionic surfactants by inorganic saltsKaoru Tsujii and Junryo MinoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1978, 82, 14, 1610–1614Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100503a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100503a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views658Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An implementation of mobile desktop manager for mobile web devices (2011)

A number of mobile devices such as smart phones, smart TV's, portable media players, etc. are introduced these days. They are implemented on their own operating systems so that they cannot provide compatibility of application services. To solve the problem among application services we suggest an architecture that uses a web browser as a basic application platform. The proposed architecture uses Java Script language. With this architecture application developers can build mobile services with ease as well as they can provide compatibility of the application services on the devices.
Influenza in senescent mice: impaired cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity is correlated with prolonged infection. (1991)

Influenza and pneumonia are leading causes of death in the elderly. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity is responsible for viral clearance after infection and declines with age. We hypothesized that following intranasal infection with influenza virus, aged mice would have decreased anti-influenza cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity that would correlate with prolonged pulmonary viral shedding. To test this, young (1.5-4.0 month) and aged (22-25 month) BALB/c mice were infected intranasally with influenza A/Port Chalmers/1/73(H3N2). Mice were killed at 3-19 days following infection. Their splenic cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity was measured by a secondary in vitro chromium release assay. Pulmonary viral titres were quantified by growth of titrated lung specimens in fertilized hens' eggs. Serum antibody titres were measured by an ELISA. Young mice responded in a relatively homogeneous fashion. They developed maximal cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity of 60.9 +/- 2.0% by Days 11-13, and all except one cleared virus from the lung by Day 7. In contrast, old mice were heterogeneous. Their cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity peaked at 46.9 +/- 5.0% and was delayed by 5-7 days. Forty-five per cent were still shedding virus at Days 7 and 8, and shedding persisted for at least 13 days in some mice. There was a strong correlation in both young and aged mice between the presence of virus in the lungs and decreased splenic cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity (chi 2 = 30.2, P much less than 0.001). No significant difference was found between young and aged animals in serum IgG1 anti-H3 antibody titres. We conclude that following influenza infection in aged mice, impaired cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity leads to prolonged duration of infection. These observations may lead to a better understanding of the excess morbidity and mortality in elderly persons that occur with influenza.
Characterization of genes for the biosynthesis of the compatible solute ectoine from Marinococcus halophilus and osmoregulated expression in Escherichia coli (1997)

The genes of the biosynthetic pathway of ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid) from the Gram-positive moderate halophile Marinococcus halophilus were cloned by functional expression in Escherichia coli. These genes were not only expressed, but also osmoregulated in E. coli, as demonstrated by increasing cytoplasmic ectoine concentration in response to medium salinity. Sequencing of a 4.4 kb fragment revealed four major ORFs, which were designated ectA, ectB, ectC and orfA. The significance of three of these genes for ectoine synthesis was proved by sequence comparison with known proteins and by physiological experiments. Several deletion derivatives of the sequenced fragment were introduced into E. coli and the resulting clones were investigated for their ability to synthesize ectoine or one of the intermediates in its biosynthetic pathway. It was demonstrated that ectA codes for L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid acetyltransferase, ectB for L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid transaminase and ectC for L-ectoine synthase. A DNA region upstream of ectA was shown to be necessary for the regulated expression of ectoine synthesis in response to the osmolarity of the medium.
Enzyme resistant starch fractions and dietary fibre (1987)

Starch fractions that are more or less enzyme resistant may behave like dietary fibre, both physiologically and analytically. Ungelatinized granules from potatoes, high amylose maize and green bananas are poorly digested. Starch made resistant to amylase due to new covalent bindings, formed at heat treatment or present in starch derivatives used as food additives, may also be more or less undigestible. "Resistant starch" present in bread and corn flakes is probably retrograded amylose. It is undigestible in the small intestine, but readily degraded by the large bowel microflora. Amylose-lipid complexes seem to be completely absorbed in spite of their resistance to amylase degradation in vitro. Since undigestible starch fractions behave physiologically like non-starch polysaccharides, they should be included in the dietary fibre concept. "Resistant starch" is analysed as glucose based fibre with all current methods except one, which includes an initial DMSO solubilization step.
Hot-Carrier Injection-Induced Disturb and Improvement Methods in 3D NAND Flash Memory (2019)

We investigate a hot-carrier injection-induced program disturb in a 3D NAND flash memory. As there exist specific coding patterns, a “down-coupling” region and a “pre-charge” regions are formed during program-verify and the following program phases, respectively, in the inhibit cell strings. A high heating field is built nearby the PGM wordline. Hot carriers may inject into the inhibit cells as Vpgm is applied. Soft ramp-down and pre-turn-on schemes are proposed to mitigate this disturb.
Electrocardiogram compression and optimal filtering algorithm (2007)

In this paper novel compression techniques are developed for portable heart-monitoring equipment that could also form the basis for more intelligent diagnostic systems thanks to the way the compression algorithms depend on signal classification. There are two main categories of compression which are employed for electrocardiogram signals: lossless and lossy. Design of an optimal Wiener filter is implemented to remove noise from a signal, considering that the signal is statistically stationary and the noise is a stationary random process that is statistically independent of the signal. Two programs for compression and Wiener optimal filtering are realised in MATLAB.
Immunotherapy with a calcium phosphate‐adsorbed five‐grass‐pollen extract in seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis: a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study (2001)

Specific immunotherapy with calcium phosphate-adsorbed standardized grass pollen extract was safe and effective for the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
Autonomous UAV Navigation Using Reinforcement Learning (2018)

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are commonly used for missions in unknown environments, where an exact mathematical model of the environment may not be available. This paper provides a framework for using reinforcement learning to allow the UAV to navigate successfully in such environments. We conducted our simulation and real implementation to show how the UAVs can successfully learn to navigate through an unknown environment. Technical aspects regarding to applying reinforcement learning algorithm to a UAV system and UAV flight control were also addressed. This will enable continuing research using a UAV with learning capabilities in more important applications, such as wildfire monitoring, or search and rescue missions.
A Versatile New Catalyst for the Enantioselective Isomerization of Allylic Alcohols to Aldehydes:  Scope and Mechanistic Studies (2001)

A new planar-chiral bidentate phosphaferrocene ligand (2) has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The derived rhodium complex, [Rh(cod)(2)]BF(4), serves as an effective catalyst for asymmetric isomerizations of allylic alcohols to aldehydes, furnishing improved yields, scope, and enantioselectivities relative to previously reported methods. The catalyst is air-stable and can be recovered at the end of the reaction. Mechanistic studies establish that the isomerization proceeds via an intramolecular 1,3-hydrogen migration and that the catalyst differentiates between the enantiotopic C1 hydrogens.
Experimental Study on Effects of Xinyi Biyan Pill on Liver Function (2007)

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Xinyi Biyan pill containing Fructus Xanthii on liver function. METHODS: Model rats were divided into groups, with their weight measured, liver index calculated and ALT AST in blood detected. An observation was then conducted through liver pathological section. RESULTS: The groups of different dosages were all capable of increasing the weight of rats, with a significant inter- group difference( P0. 01) . The increase margin tended to decline along with increase of dosages and that of weight. No significant difference in liver index was seen among the groups. The values of AST and ALT increased in all treatment groups, and compared to the control group, the groups of low, medium dosages and the Fructus Xanthii group all reported significant increases in ALT value( P0. 05) . A pathohistological analysis showed that liver cell cord engorged, structure of haptic tissue was in disorder, caryons broke into pieces and hepatic sinusoid expanded. In the high- dosage group, the haptic cell death was severe and in larger area. CONCLUSIONS: It deserves attention that long- term and high- dosage administration of Xinyi Biyan pill can damage the liver to varied degrees.
Defective Glycolysis and Calcium Signaling Underlie Impaired Insulin Secretion in a Transgenic Mouse (1995)

Pancreatic beta cells from mice that overexpress the Ca(2+)-binding protein calmodulin have a unique secretory defect that leads to chronic hyperglycemia. To further understand the molecular basis underlying this defect, we have studied signaling pathways in these beta cells. Measurements of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) using fura-2 or indo-1 revealed a markedly reduced response when glucose was the stimulant. However, eliciting membrane depolarization with 50 mM K+ or the addition of the ATP-sensitive K+ (K+ ATP) channel antagonist tolbutamide restored [Ca2+]i transients to near normal levels. Electrophysiological analysis of the beta cell ion channels revealed that Ca2+ currents, delayed rectifier K+ currents, and K+ATP channel currents were similar in transgenic and nontransgenic cells, suggesting that these ion channels were able to function normally. However, whereas K+ATP channel currents in control cells were reduced by 50% by the presence of high glucose, those in transgenic cells were unaltered. Addition of tolbutamide inhibited this channel and enhanced the secretion of insulin in response to glucose for both control and transgenic cells. As these observations implicated a metabolic defect, glucose utilization, which is an indicator of glucose metabolism and ATP production in beta cells, was measured and found to be reduced by 40% in the transgenic cells. These data support the contention that excessive levels of calmodulin may compromise the ability of the beta cell to metabolize glucose and to modulate the state of the K+ATP channel, resulting in an inadequate control of the membrane potential, which collectively impair [Ca2+]i and thus insulin secretion in response to glucose.
Comparative study of flow schemes for a simulated countercurrent adsorption separation process (1992)

Abstract Continuous separation of three carbohydrate mixtures [fructose‐dextran (M. W. ≈ 9,400), raffinose‐dextran (M. W. ≈ 6,000), and fructose‐raffinose] has been carried out using a simulated countercurrent process with silica gel as the sorbent and deionized water as the eluent. Experiments were conducted using the commercial four‐section arrangement and a modified three‐section flow scheme which does not recycle part of the eluent for reuse. Data for the four‐section flow scheme reflect a much higher product concentration in the raffinate and a substantially lower rate of fresh eluent consumption than for the three‐section scheme. It is concluded that when both the extract and raffinate products are desired, the four‐section scheme should be used for the separation of a mixture with a small separation factor which usually requires a large quantity of eluent to achieve an efficient separation. The behavior of the simulated countercurrent process was simulated theoretically by representing the process in terms of an equivalent true countercurrent system. A good fit to the experimental data was obtained when the process was configured in the four‐section mode. However, the same theoretical approach failed to provide a good representation of the behavior of the three‐section scheme in one respect: predicted concentrations of the raffinate product were about two times higher than experimental values. The discrepancy may be attributed to the periodic switching of fluid inlet and outlet points in the operation of the three‐section simulated countercurrent unit.
A Review on the Structural Studies of Batteries and Host Materials by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (2013)

This review highlights the use of the X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) as a local structural tool for selected atoms in several host materials. The main characteristics of XAS to be element-sensitive and its applicability to all states of matter, including crystalline solids and amorphous and liquid states, permit an in-depth study of the structural properties of a large variety of materials. This includes intercalation materials where a host structure can accommodate guest species. Host guest equilibria are at the basis of a large variety of technological applications; in particular they have been used for energy storage, ion-exchange membranes, electrochromism, and analytical sensing. A selection of XAS experiments conducted in the field of batteries, mainly on cathodes, and applications in the field of metal hexacyanoferrates and double layered hydroxides are outlined.
UAV digital tracking array design, development and testing (2009)

Abstract : This thesis carried out the design and development of an integrated array and receiver processor that utilizes advanced techniques of Robust Symmetric Numeric System (RSNS) and monopulse Digital Beamforming (DBF) to accurately track a UAV using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) equipment. This was based on previous work done using virtual spacing RSNS and digital beamforming to extend the method to a functional six element array with direction finding and tracking capability. The six-element antenna array and direct-conversion receiver were developed and tested to retrieve a FM-modulated video signal encoded using the NTSC format. This thesis addresses system-level design tradeoffs, as well as hardware and software design, development and testing. A bench top test was conducted to test the functionality of the NTSC decoding and FM software modules developed and a comprehensive test was done in an anechoic chamber to characterize the array's capability in DF using RSNS and monopulse DBF.