gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Receptor‐binding domain of human α<sub>2</sub>‐macroglobulin Expression, folding and biochemical characterization of a high‐affinity recombinant derivative (1994)

A recombinant version of the receptor binding domain (RBDv) of human alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) has been expressed in E. coli and refolded using a novel iterative procedure. RBDv (Val1299-Ala1451) is extended by 15 residues at the N-terminal side of the Lys1313-Glu papain cleavage site in human alpha 2M. RBDv contains the intra-chain bridge Cys1329-Cys1444 and is soluble and monomeric. Competition experiments with 125I-labelled methylamine-treated alpha 2M reveal that RBDv binds to the placental receptor for transformed alpha 2M with a Kd of 8 nM, i.e. the binding affinity of RBDv is of the same order of magnitude as the intrinsic affinity for binding of one domain in transformed alpha 2M to one receptor molecule.
Morphology and the physical and thermal properties of thermoplastic polyurethane reinforced with thermally reduced graphene oxide (2015)

Abstract In this study, thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRG)-containing polyurethane nanocomposites were obtained by the extrusion method. The content of TRG incorporated into polyurethane elastomer systems equaled 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 wt%. The morphology, static and dynamic mechanical properties, and thermal stability of the modified materials were investigated. The application of TRG resulted in a visible increase in material stiffness as confirmed by the measurements of complex compression modulus (E′) and glass transition temperature (T g ). The T g increased with increasing content of nanofiller in the thermoplastic system. The addition of thermally reduced graphene oxide had a slight effect on thermal stability of the obtained materials. The incorporation of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 wt% of TRG into a system resulted in increased char residues compared to unmodified PU elastomer. Also, this study demonstrated that after exceeding a specific amount of TRG, the physicomechanical properties of modified materials start to deteriorate.
An enquiring system of unknown words in TV news by spontaneous repetition (application of speaker normalization by speaker subspace projection) (2002)

We have constructed a system in which we can enquire about unknown words included in TV news speech by repeating them spontaneously. For example, we might hear "Japan would join the PKO" from the TV news, and if "PKO" is an unknown word then we can enquire about it by saying "What is the PKO?" The system recognizes the word "PKO" and explains its meaning. In this system, it estimates a common section between the announcer's speech and the user's speech, and recognizes the word corresponding to the common section. We solved the problem of speaker difference in extracting the common sections by speaker subspace projection.
Automation in Anesthesia: Computer controlled propofol infusion and data acquisition (2008)

This work presents the improvement of a software for a clinical setup, the Anesthesia Synchronization Software (ASYS). The first version presented the data acquisition from cerebral monitors and a partial control with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) system. Based on pharmacokinetic models, the effect-site and plasma concentrations can be related with the drug dose infused and vice versa. This later version comes with the implementation of the hemodynamic monitor always present in operating rooms and with the full TCI system developed to determine the infusion rates of the drug which are given as commands to the infusion pumps.
Static corrections on the southeastern Piedmont of the United States (1982)

Abstract On the Piedmont of the southeastern United States, seismic reflection statics at different points in a typical common-depth-point (CDP) gather can differ from one another by more than 50 msec because of topographic relief in excess of 50 m, variations in the thickness of the weathered zone that can extend deeper than 50 m, and variation of velocity in the weathered zone of more than 100 m/sec. The ABCD method for computing statics is introduced to account for these velocity and thickness variations as well as the topographic effect. This method combines elevations and positions of source-receiver points with times of first arriving refracted waves read from reflection correlograms or seismograms. It was tested in central Virginia where typical piedmont conditions are encountered. At four locations, ABCD statics are close to control values determined independently from refraction experiments. At 99 source-detector points, ABCD statics differ by an average of 4 msec, (maximum of 19 milliseconds) from conventional elevation statics that do not account for local velocity and thickness variations in the weathered zone. Where source-receiver points were in line, modified ABCD statics were obtained from first arrival traveltimes without using elevation and position data. In this metamorphic terrane where clear reflections are difficult to record, ABCD statics appear to be more effective than conventional elevation statics for enhancing reflections on a seismic record section.
Correction: Age, Sex, and Telomere Dynamics in a Long-Lived Seabird with Male-Biased Parental Care (2013)

The examination of telomere dynamics is a recent technique in ecology for assessing physiological state and agerelated traits from individuals of unknown age. Telomeres shorten with age in most species and are expected to reflect physiological state, reproductive investment, and chronological age. Loss of telomere length is used as an indicator of biological aging, as this detrimental deterioration is associated with lowered survival. Lifespan dimorphism and more rapid senescence in the larger, shorter-lived sex are predicted in species with sexual size dimorphism, however, little is known about the effects of behavioral dimorphism on senescence and life history traits in species with sexual monomorphism. Here we compare telomere dynamics of thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia), a species with male-biased parental care, in two ways: 1) cross-sectionally in birds of known-age (0-28 years) from one colony and 2) longitudinally in birds from four colonies. Telomere dynamics are compared using three measures: the telomere restriction fragment (TRF), a lower window of TRF (TOE), and qPCR. All showed age-related shortening of telomeres, but the TRF measure also indicated that adult female murres have shorter telomere length than adult males, consistent with sex-specific patterns of ageing. Adult males had longer telomeres than adult females on all colonies examined, but chick telomere length did not differ by sex. Additionally, inter-annual telomere changes may be related to environmental conditions; birds from a potentially low quality colony lost telomeres, while those at more hospitable colonies maintained telomere length. We conclude that sex-specific patterns of telomere loss exist in the sexually monomorphic thick-billed murre but are likely to occur between fledging and recruitment. Longer telomeres in males may be related to their homogamous sex chromosomes (ZZ) or to selection for longer life in the care-giving sex. Environmental conditions appeared to be the primary drivers of annual changes in adult birds.
A visão homeopática do tratamento e prevenção do câncer em pequenos animais (2008)

O envelhecimento e a obesidade representam fatores de risco bem conhecidos para que haja o desenvolvimento do câncer. Os tratamentos tem como objetivo a redução progressiva geral do tumor, um prolongamento do intervalo livre de doença e melhora na qualidade de vida através do alívio dos sinais associados ao câncer. O fato é que mesmo que cientificamente tenhamos evoluído muito nos últimos 10 anos através do conhecimento da Biologia do Cancer, os próximos anos serão de vital importância para melhorarmos a terapêutica, devido ao grande numero de casos, ainda estamos longe de erradicar o câncer. Esta revisão tem como objetivo proporcionar uma informação concisa ao medico veterinário, alertando e esclarecendo as diversas formas de Prevenção na fase pré-miasma segundo Hahnemann, utilizando conhecimento das doenças crônicas e associando as novas possibilidades Terapêuticas e de Diagnostico. Concluímos que não são suficientes tratamentos e sistemas diagnósticos sofisticados que não mudaram as estatísticas do câncer, é necessário traçar programas de prevenção contínua e precoce mesmo em pacientes cirúrgicos.
Developmental Validation of the Quantifiler<sup>®</sup> Duo DNA Quantification Kit for Simultaneous Quantification of Total Human and Human Male DNA and Detection of PCR Inhibitors in Biological Samples* (2009)

The Quantifiler Duo DNA Quantification kit enables simultaneous quantification of human DNA and human male DNA as well as detection of inhibitors of PCR in a single real-time PCR well. Pooled human male genomic DNA is used to generate standard curves for both human (ribonuclease P RNA component H1) and human male (sex determining region Y) specific targets. A shift in the cycle threshold (C(T)) values for the internal positive control monitors the presence of PCR inhibitors in a sample. The assay is human specific and exhibits a high dynamic range from 0.023 to 50 ng/microL. In addition, the multiplex assay can detect as little as 25 pg/microL of human male DNA in the presence of a 1000-fold excess of human female DNA. The multiplex assay provides assessment of the DNA extract and guidance for the selection of the appropriate AmpFlSTR Amplification Kit to obtain interpretable short tandem repeat profiles.
Play in Evolution, Culture, and Individual Adaptation: Implications for Therapy (1982)

In this paper human play is examined from the perspective of its role in evolution. A model of social evolution is proposed to extend the model of biological evolution and to demonstrate the central role of play in the social-evolutionary process. Since in evolution play is a mechanism for its process, it demands species members who are playful. Thus, man is a player by virtue of species membership and the evolutionary pathway of the species. The implications of this deep-seated characteristic of playfulness are discussed in terms of human development. Finally, a set of principles is derived from the evolutionary-developmental characteristics of play. Application of these principles in clinical practice is demonstrated and discussed.
Activities (2003)

The value of tourism was debated largely as a means of education. As a result, this debate often appears to have been remote from the activities of many tourists, as well as being somewhat artificial. Furthermore, the debate became increasingly irrelevant as the nature of tourism altered during the century. In the first half, perception was dominated by the classical Grand Tour: young men travelling with tutors for several years to Paris and Italy in order to complete their education. In the second half, many still travelled in this manner, but there were also larger numbers of other tourists: travellers not on their first trip, women, older tourists, families, and those of the ‘middling sort’ who tended to make short visits, such as that outlined in William Lucas’s 1750 guidebook, A Five Weeks Tour to Paris, Versailles, Marli. These tourists, usually unaccompanied by any guide, except in major cities where they might hire a laquais de place, did not stress education as the prime motive for travel. Instead, enjoyment and amusement came increasingly to the fore. This was linked to a discernible shift in the guidebooks towards a less didactic and more practical pattern that devoted more attention to information such as prices, transport and conversion rates.
Motion estimation for video compression using Kalman filtering (1996)

Motion estimation plays an important role for the compression of video signals. This paper presents a new block-based motion estimation method using Kalman filtering. The new method utilizes the predicted motion and measured motion to obtain an optimal estimate of motion vector. The autoregressive models are employed to fit the motion correlation between neighboring blocks and then achieve predicted motion information. The measured motion information is obtained by the conventional block-based fast search schemes. Several algorithms based on either one- or two dimensional models using either nonadaptive or adaptive Kalman filters are developed. The analysis of computational complexity and the simulation results indicate that the proposed method achieves significant savings on computation along with smoother motion vector fields and similar picture quality, when compared to the conventional full search algorithm.
MECHANISM OF INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FIBRILLATION OF THE HYPOTHERMIC MAMMALIAN HEART IN SITU (1961)

The susceptibility of auricles and ventricles to fibrillation during hypothermia of isolated hearts, and of hearts in situ in anaesthetized cats, was estimated by measuring the threshold for the production of fibrillation by electrical stimulation. Hypothermia reduced the threshold of in situ hearts, but increased the threshold of isolated perfused hearts and of heart‐lung preparations. The increased sensitivity of in situ hearts to fibrillation could be induced by cooling the head only, and was abolished by cutting the vagi. At normal body temperature, section of the vagi had no influence on the fibrillation threshold. In contrast, cutting the sympathetic increased the fibrillation threshold of in situ hearts at normal temperature, but had no influence on the threshold during hypothermia. It was concluded that the increased susceptibility of anaesthetized animals to fibrillation could be attributed to changes in the central nervous control of the heart induced by the cooling of the head.
The use of recombinant growth factors to promote human embryo development in serum-free medium (1998)

Research into human implantation requires embryo culture systems that yield high numbers of good quality blastocysts. One approach is to use co-culture but the presence of feeder cells and serum may confound analysis of paracrine or autocrine factors involving blastocyst implantation. An alternative approach is to produce a defined serum-free culture medium supplemented with growth factors. We have shown that the addition of Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor increased blastocyst formation from 18.4-43.6% but none of these embryos developed beyond day 7 or hatched, suggesting that additional factors are required. Development to the blastocyst stage was significantly increased to 71.0% in the presence of 100 nM heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and 81.0% of these embryos went on to hatch. No difference in blastocyst quality between the control and HB-EGF-treated embryos was found. These experiments clearly demonstrate the potential of this system to generate blastocysts in vitro. Further investigation of the normality of these blastocysts must be carried out before they are used clinically, since it has been demonstrated in other species that apparent improvements in culture conditions may be detrimental to pregnancy outcome.
Chlorostyrenes in Iron‐Catalyzed Biaryl Coupling Reactions (2011)

An effective protocol for iron-catalyzed biaryl syntheses by coupling chlorostyrenes with aryl Grignard reagents requires only mild reaction conditions and tolerates various functional groups. The underlying activation of deactivated aryl chlorides proceeds through a rate-determining coordination of the catalyst to the vinyl substituent and subsequent haptotropic migration along the conjugated π system to the site of CCl bond cleavage. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Harnessing light : optical science and engineering for the 21st century (1998)

Optical science and engineering affect almost every aspect of our lives. Millions of miles of optical fiber carry voice and data signals around the world. Lasers are used in surgery of the retina, kidneys, and heart. New high-efficiency light sources promise dramatic reductions in electricity consumption. Night-vision equipment and satellite surveillance are changing how wars are fought. Industry uses optical methods in everything from the production of computer chips to the construction of tunnels. Harnessing Light surveys this multitude of applications, as well as the status of the optics industry and of research and education in optics, and identifies actions that could enhance the field's contributions to society and facilitate its continued technical development.
Food allergy and eosinophilic esophagitis (2010)

Foods appear to be important allergic triggers in EoE. Identification of these triggers, however, remains a challenge. Research is needed to elucidate at which point in the pathogenesis of EoE foods become important so that their role can be better understood, and develop better tests to identify these foods.
A MODIFIED RADIOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR MEASURING SKIN THICKNESS* (1969)

SUMMARY.— A modified radiographic method for measuring skin thickness has been described; it has given consistent results. Normal values have been ascertained for adult males and females. It is suggested that this method will be of value in studying conditions in which changes in skin thickness are to be expected.
Viscoelastic properties and phase behavior of 12‐tert‐butyl ester dendrimer/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends (2001)

This study used refractometry, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and dielectric analysis to assess the viscoelastic properties and phase behavior of blends containing 0–20% (w/w) 12-tert-butyl ester dendrimer in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Dendritic blends were miscible up through 12%, exhibiting an intermediate glass-transition temperature (Tg; α) between those of the two pure components. Interactions of PMMA CO groups and dendrimer NH groups contributed to miscibility. Tg decreased with increasing dendrimer content before phase separation. The dendrimer exhibited phase separation at 15%, as revealed by Rayleigh scattering in ultraviolet–visible spectra and the emergence of a second Tg in dielectric studies. Before phase separation, clear, secondary β relaxations for PMMA were observed at low frequencies via dielectric analysis. Apparent activation energies were obtained through Arrhenius characterization. A merged αβ process for PMMA occurred at higher frequencies and temperatures in the blends. Dielectric data for the phase-separated dendrimer relaxation (αD) in the 20% blend conformed to Williams–Landel–Ferry behavior, which allowed the calculation of the apparent activation energy. The αD relaxation data, analyzed both before and after treatment with the electric modulus, compared well with neat dendrimer data, which confirmed that this relaxation was due to an isolated dendrimer phase. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 39: 1381–1393, 2001
Development of Conventional and Real-Time Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification Assays for Detection of <i>Chlamydophila pneumoniae</i> in Respiratory Specimens (2006)

Isothermal nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) was applied to the detection of Chlamydophila pneumoniae 16S rRNA by using the NucliSens basic kit (bioMérieux, Boxtel, The Netherlands). The assay was originally developed as a conventional NASBA assay with electrochemiluminescence detection and was subsequently adapted to a real-time NASBA format by using a molecular beacon. C. pneumoniae RNA prepared from a plasmid construct was used to assess the analytical sensitivity of the assay. The sensitivity of the NASBA assay was 10 molecules of in vitro wild-type C. pneumoniae RNA and 0.1 inclusion-forming unit (IFU) of C. pneumoniae. In spiked respiratory specimens, the sensitivity of the C. pneumoniae NASBA assay varied between 0.1 and 1 IFU/100 mul sample, depending on the type of specimen. Finally, conventional and real-time NASBA were applied to respiratory specimens previously tested by PCR. A 100% concordance between the test results was obtained.
Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals From the nematic curvilinear aligned phase to ferroelectric films (1994)

Abstract Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) are widely used for electro-optic applications such as flexible displays, privacy windows or projection displays. Besides these applications, the confinement of a liquid crystal to small cavities is of fundamental interest. The present paper contains a review of the work on nematic and cholesteric PDLCs. Moreover, some very recent developments are summarized such as the use of ferroelectric liquid crystals for PDLC applications.
Graph Structure Based Anomaly Behavior Detection (2017)

The analysis of malicious user behavior patterns in social networks has important implications for detecting malicious pages, fraudsters, and financial frauds.Traditional anomaly detection technology general based on classification algorithm using content feature and user behavior feature, but these type of methods are often with low efficiency, data acquisition difficulty and ignoring the network topology information.This paper puts forward a network graph structure based, unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm GBKD-Forest, we extracted three types of structure characteristics, within the Bagging method random sampling features to establish KD-Tree Forest, to isolate the abnormal samples.Evaluation through the experiment, the proposed algorithm in terms of accuracy and AUC is superior to other graph based anomaly detection algorithm and classical classification algorithm, at the same time, the time complexity of this algorithm has a linear relation with the number of nodes, low space complexity is suitable for large-scale network anomaly detection datasets.
Anomalous Wave Reflection at the Interface of Two Strongly Nonlinear Granular Media (2005)

Granular materials exhibit a strongly nonlinear behavior affecting the propagation of energy and information. Dynamically self-organized strongly nonlinear solitary waves are the main information carriers in granular chains. We report the first experimental observation of the dramatic change of solitary wave reflectivity from the interface of two granular media triggered by a magnetically induced precompression. It may be appropriate to name this phenomenon the "acoustic diode" effect. We explain this effect by the high gradient of particle velocity near the interface.
The use of a paracorporeal ventricular assist device as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. (1987)

Our experience with six patients has demonstrated that the Pierce-Donachy VAD is capable of providing adequate circulatory support with acceptable morbidity and mortality in patients awaiting cardiac transplantation. Four of the six patients received cardiac allografts and three patients have been discharged.
Modified space vector modulation for fault‐tolerant operation of multilevel cascaded H‐bridge inverters (2013)

In this study, fault‐tolerant operation of multilevel cascaded H‐bridge (CHB) inverters is presented and a novel switching strategy based on space vector modulation is proposed. A faulty power switch in high power converters can lead to expensive downtime, loss of productivity and increased costs. Various power switch faults and their influence on space vector diagram of CHB inverters are investigated. In the event of a fault, the output voltage of inverter is reduced and redundant switching states are used to generate balanced line‐to‐line voltages. By adding some devices to the basic structure, CHB inverter will operate with maximum achievable output voltage. Simulation and experimental results are shown for a five‐level CHB inverter to validate the proposed modulation technique.