gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Defining Inter-Cloud Architecture for Interoperability and Integration (2012)

Abstract—This paper presents on-going research to develop the Intercloud Architecture Framework (ICAF) that addresses problems in multi-provider multi-domain heterogeneous cloud based infrastructure services and applications integration and interoperability. The paper refers to existing standards in Cloud Computing, in particular, recently published NIST Cloud Computing Reference Architecture (CCRA). The proposed ICAF defines four complementary components addressing Intercloud integration and interoperability: multi-layer Cloud Services Model that combines commonly adopted cloud service models, such as IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, in one multilayer model with corresponding inter-layer interfaces; Intercloud Control and Management Plane that supports cloud based applications interaction; Intercloud Federation Framework, and Intercloud Operation Framework. The paper briefly describes the architectural framework for cloud based infrastructure services provisioned on-demand being developed in the framework of the GEYSERS project that is used as a basis for building multilayer cloud services integration framework that allows optimized provisioning of both computing, storage and networking resources. The proposed architecture is intended to provide an architectural model for developing Intercloud middleware and in this way will facilitate clouds interoperability and integration.
State of the Art in Information Extraction and Quantitative Analysis for Multimodality Biomolecular Imaging (2008)

Rapid advances in optical instrumentation, high-speed cameras, and fluorescent probes have spurred tremendous growth in the volume of biomolecular imaging data. Various optical imaging modalities are used for probing biological systems in vivo and in vitro. These include traditional two-dimensional imaging, three-dimensional confocal imaging, time-lapse imaging, and multispectral imaging. Many applications require a combination of these imaging modalities, which gives rise to huge data sets. However, lack of powerful information extraction and quantitative analysis tools poses a major hindrance to exploiting the full potential of the information content of these data. In particular, automated extraction of semantic information from multimodality imaging data, crucial for understanding biological processes, poses unique challenges. Information extraction from large sets of biomolecular imaging data requires modeling at multiple levels of detail to allow not only quantitative analysis but also interpretation and extraction of high-level semantic information. In this paper, we survey the state of the art in the area of information extraction and automated analysis tools for in vivo and in vitro biomolecular imaging. The modeling and knowledge extraction for these data require sophisticated image processing and machine learning techniques, as well as formalisms for information extraction and knowledge management. Development of such tools has the potential to significantly improve biological discovery and drug development processes.
Temporal Control of Trichome Distribution by MicroRNA156-Targeted<i>SPL</i>Genes in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>    (2010)

The production and distribution of plant trichomes is temporally and spatially regulated. After entering into the flowering stage, Arabidopsis thaliana plants have progressively reduced numbers of trichomes on the inflorescence stem, and the floral organs are nearly glabrous. We show here that SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE (SPL) genes, which define an endogenous flowering pathway and are targeted by microRNA 156 (miR156), temporally control the trichome distribution during flowering. Plants overexpressing miR156 developed ectopic trichomes on the stem and floral organs. By contrast, plants with elevated levels of SPLs produced fewer trichomes. During plant development, the increase in SPL transcript levels is coordinated with the gradual loss of trichome cells on the stem. The MYB transcription factor genes TRICHOMELESS1 (TCL1) and TRIPTYCHON (TRY) are negative regulators of trichome development. We show that SPL9 directly activates TCL1 and TRY expression through binding to their promoters and that this activation is independent of GLABROUS1 (GL1). The phytohormones cytokinin and gibberellin were reported to induce trichome formation on the stem and inflorescence via the C2H2 transcription factors GIS, GIS2, and ZFP8, which promote GL1 expression. We show that the GIS-dependent pathway does not affect the regulation of TCL1 and TRY by miR156-targeted SPLs, represented by SPL9. These results demonstrate that the miR156-regulated SPLs establish a direct link between developmental programming and trichome distribution.
Reduction of Iron Ore with Hydrogen in a Direct Current Plasma Jet (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of Iron Ore with Hydrogen in a Direct Current Plasma JetHerbert L. Gilles and Curtis W. ClumpCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1970, 9, 2, 194–207Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260034a007https://doi.org/10.1021/i260034a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor Based Sensors for Bio-Applications (2011)

Chemical sensors have gained in importance in the past decade for applications that include homeland security, medical and environmental monitoring and also food safety. A desirable goal is the ability to simultaneously analyze a wide variety of environmental and biological gases and liquids in the field and to be able to selectively detect a target analyte with high specificity and sensitivity. In the area of detection of medical biomarkers, many different methods, including enzyme-linked immunsorbent assay (ELISA), particle-based flow cytometric assays, electrochemical measurements based on impedance and capacitance, electrical measurement of microcantilever resonant frequency change, and conductance measurement of semiconductor nanostructures. gas chromatography (GC), ion chromatography, high density peptide arrays, laser scanning quantitiative analysis, chemiluminescence, selected ion flow tube (SIFT), nanomechanical cantilevers, bead-based suspension microarrays, magnetic biosensors a n d m a s s s p e c t r o m e t r y ( M S ) h a v
Mechanisms of Contraction of the Normal and Failing Heart (1967)

Myocardial Mechanics and HemodynamicsSpann et al.227 recently compared the intrinsic contractile state of myocardium removed from normal, hypertrophied and failing hearts. Constriction of the pulmonary artery was carried out in cats, and papillary muscles removed from the right ventricles of animals in which either right ventricular hypertrophy or overt right ventricular failure had developed, and the removed muscles were then studied in vitro. Both right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure reduced the maximum velocity of shortening (V max ) as well as the development of maximum isometric tension (P 0 ) below the values observed in muscles obtained from . . .
Mechanism of trivalent actinide/lanthanide separation using synergistic mixtures of di(chlorophenyl)dithiophosphinic acid and neutral O-bearing co-extractants (2001)

The mechanism of synergistic selective extraction of Am(III) over Eu(III) from aqueous nitric acid solutions using di(chlorophenyl)dithiophosphinic acid [(ClΦ)2PSSH] and neutral O-bearing organophosphorus co-extractants (B) has been investigated. (ClΦ)2PSSH forms weaker complexes with Am(III) than R2PSSH (where R = alkyl group). However, the Am(III)/(ClΦ)2PSSH complexes are stronger than the corresponding Eu(III)/(ClΦ)2PSSH complexes, although the difference is not as large as in the case of the corresponding complexes formed with R2PSSH. The donor properties of co-extractants are also discussed. Chemical shifts in the 31P NMR spectra of the organophosphorus co-extractants correlate qualitatively with the extractability of Am(III) and Eu(III) in (ClΦ)2PSSH + B synergistic mixtures. The synergistic effect determines the selectivity not only qualitatively but also quantitatively. The high selectivity observed using tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate (T2EHP) is caused by a synergistic bonding effect for the Am(III) complex and an antagonistic effect for Eu(III).
Chinese Hamster Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase (1974)

Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase from Chinese hamster brain, liver, and V79 tissue culture cells appears to have identical structural and catalytic properties.The enzyme has been purified 540-fold to apparent homogeneity from Chinese hamster brain.The native molecular weight is 78,000 to 85,000 determined by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography and acrylamide gel electrophoresis.The enzyme appears to consist of three subunits of molecular weight 25,000 determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate acrylamide gel electrophoresis.Electrofocusing and acrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrate the presence of at least three isozymes.The enzyme is remarkably stable at 85" if first incubated in 1 mM 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate.The enzyme is active from pH 5.5 to 11 with maximum activity at pH 10.The enzyme displays Michaelis-Menten kinetics with apparent Michaelis constants for hypoxanthine, guanine, and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate of 0.52, 1.1, and 5.3 pM, respectively.I'urine nucleotides are formed either by a multistep de no00 synthetic pathway, or by salvage enzymrs which enable the utilization of preformed purinc bases.IIypoxarlthirlt-guarlilic phosphoribosyltransferasc (IX 2.4.2.8) is a salvage enzyme responsible for the conversion of the purine bases hyposanthine or guanine to the corresponding 5'.ribonucleotides 1111' or GMP. HypoxanthineMg2+ IMP OT + PRPP' GEP +-pp, GuanineThis reaction provides purine ribonucleotidcs at a much lower energy espcnditure than the de nova synthetic pathway.Although tissue culture cells can survive 011 tither de ~OVO or salvage
Toward a unified chromatic induction model (2010)

In a previous work (X. Otazu, M. Vanrell, & C. A. Párraga, 2008b), we showed how several brightness induction effects can be predicted using a simple multiresolution wavelet model (BIWaM). Here we present a new model for chromatic induction processes (termed Chromatic Induction Wavelet Model or CIWaM), which is also implemented on a multiresolution framework and based on similar assumptions related to the spatial frequency and the contrast surround energy of the stimulus. The CIWaM can be interpreted as a very simple extension of the BIWaM to the chromatic channels, which in our case are defined in the MacLeod-Boynton (lsY) color space. This new model allows us to unify both chromatic assimilation and chromatic contrast effects in a single mathematical formulation. The predictions of the CIWaM were tested by means of several color and brightness induction experiments, which showed an acceptable agreement between model predictions and psychophysical data.
Biophysical properties and molecular characterization of amiloride-sensitive sodium channels in A549 cells (2000)

Amiloride-sensitive Na(+) channels, present in fetal and adult alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells, play a critical role in the reabsorption of fetal fluid shortly after birth and in limiting the extent of alveolar edema across the adult lung. Because of the difficulty in isolating and culturing ATII cells, there is considerable interest in characterizing the properties of ion channels and their response to injury of ATII cell-like cell lines such as A549 that derive from a human alveolar cell carcinoma. A549 cells were shown to contain alpha-, beta-, and gamma-epithelial Na(+) channel mRNAs. In the whole cell mode of the patch-clamp technique (bath, 145 mM Na(+); pipette, 145 mM K(+)), A549 cells exhibited inward Na(+) currents reversibly inhibited by amiloride, with an inhibition constant of 0.83 microM. Ion substitution studies showed that these channels were moderately selective for Na(+) (Na(+)-to-K(+) permeability ratio = 6:1). Inward Na(+) currents were activated by forskolin (10 microM) and inhibited by nitric oxide (300 nM) and cGMP. Recordings in cell-attached mode revealed the presence of an amiloride-sensitive Na(+) channel with a unitary conductance of 8.6 +/- 0.04 (SE) pS. Channel activity was increased by forskolin and decreased by nitric oxide and the cGMP analog 8-bromo-cGMP. These data demonstrate that A549 cells contain amiloride-sensitive Na(+) channels with biophysical properties similar to those of ATII cells.
Entity resolution using cloud computing (2015)

Roles and capabilities of analysts are changing as the volume of data grows. Open-source content is abundant and users are becoming increasingly dependent on automated capabilities to sift and correlate information. Entity resolution is one such capability. It is an algorithm that links entities using an arbitrary number of criteria (e.g., identifiers, attributes) from multiple sources. This paper demonstrates a prototype capability, which identifies enriched attributes of individuals stored across multiple sources. Here, the system first completes its processing on a cloud-computing cluster. Then, in a data explorer role, the analyst evaluates whether automated results are correct and whether attribute enrichment improves knowledge discovery.
A small bispecific protein selected for orthogonal affinity purification (2010)

A novel protein domain with dual affinity has been created by randomization and selection. The small alkali-stabilized albumin-binding domain (ABD*), used as scaffold to construct the library, has affinity to human serum albumin (HSA) and is constituted of 46 amino acids of which 11 were randomized. To achieve a dual binder, the binding site of the inherent HSA affinity was untouched and the randomization was made on the opposite side of the molecule. Despite its small size and randomization of almost a quarter of its amino acids, a bifunctional molecule, ABDz1, with ability to bind to both HSA and the Z2 domain/protein A was successfully selected using phage display. Moreover, the newly selected variant showed improved affinity for HSA compared to the parental molecule. This novel protein domain has been characterized regarding secondary structure and affinity to the two different ligands. The possibility for affinity purification on two different matrices has been investigated using the two ligands, the HSA matrix and the protein A-based, MabSelect SuRe matrix, and the new protein domain was purified to homogeneity. Furthermore, gene fusions between the new domain and three different target proteins with different characteristics were made. To take advantage of both affinities, a purification strategy referred to as orthogonal affinity purification using two different matrices was created. Successful purification of all three versions was efficiently carried out using this strategy.
Synthesis and Stereochemical Structure−Activity Relationships of 1,3-Dioxoperhydropyrido[1,2-<i>c</i>]pyrimidine Derivatives:  Potent and Selective Cholecystokinin-A Receptor Antagonists (1997)

The synthesis and stereochemical structure--activity relationships of a new class of potent and selective non-peptide cholecystokinin-A (CCK-A) receptor antagonists based on the 1,3-dioxoperhydropyrido[1,2-c]pyrimidine skeleton are described. The most potent member of this series of eight diastereoisomers, (4aS,5R)-2-benzyl-5-[N-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-tryptophyl]-amino] - 1,3-dioxoperhydropyrido[1,2-c]pyrimidine, displays nanomolar CCK-A receptor affinity and higher than 8000-fold potency at the CCK-A than at the CCK-B receptor. As CCK-A antagonist, this compound inhibits the CCK-8-evoked amylase release from pancreatic acinar cells at a low concentration, similar to that of the typical antagonist Devazepide. Highly strict stereochemical requirements for CCK-A receptor binding and selectivity have been found. The L-Trp and the 4a,5-trans disposition of the bicyclic perhydropyrido[1,2-c]pyrimidine are essential for binding potency and selectivity.
Interleukin-10 Responses to Liver-Stage Antigen 1 Predict Human Resistance to<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (1999)

The design of an effective vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly malaria parasite of humans, requires a careful definition of the epitopes and the immune responses involved in protection. Liver-stage antigen 1 (LSA-1) is specifically expressed during the hepatic stage of P. falciparum and elicits cellular and humoral immune responses in naturally exposed individuals. We report here that interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in response to LSA-1 predicts resistance to P. falciparum after eradication therapy. Resistance was not related to gamma interferon or tumor necrosis factor alpha production. This is the first report that human IL-10 responses are associated with resistance after eradication therapy, and our findings support the inclusion of LSA-1 in a vaccine against malaria.
Quantifying Voter Biases in Online Platforms (2019)

In content-based online platforms, use of aggregate user feedback (say, the sum of votes) is commonplace as the "gold standard" for measuring content quality. Use of vote aggregates, however, is at odds with the existing empirical literature, which suggests that voters are susceptible to different biases-reputation (e.g., of the poster), social influence (e.g., votes thus far), and position (e.g., answer position). Our goal is to quantify, in an observational setting, the degree of these biases in online platforms. Specifically, what are the causal effects of different impression signals-such as the reputation of the contributing user, aggregate vote thus far, and position of content-on a participant's vote on content? We adopt an instrumental variable (IV) framework to answer this question. We identify a set of candidate instruments, carefully analyze their validity, and then use the valid instruments to reveal the effects of the impression signals on votes. Our empirical study using log data from Stack Exchange websites shows that the bias estimates from our IV approach differ from the bias estimates from the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. In particular, OLS underestimates reputation bias (1.6-2.2x for gold badges) and position bias (up to 1.9x for the initial position) and overestimates social influence bias (1.8-2.3x for initial votes). The implications of our work include: redesigning user interface to avoid voter biases; making changes to platforms' policy to mitigate voter biases; detecting other forms of biases in online platforms.
BamView: viewing mapped read alignment data in the context of the reference sequence (2010)

BamView and Artemis are freely available (under a GPL licence) for download (for MacOSX, UNIX and Windows) at: http://bamview.sourceforge.net/
A Method for Recovering JPEG Files Based on Thumbnail (2011)

File carving is a digital forensic technique which extracts file from unstructured data stream. Reassembling fragments data from disk to recover JPEG file is always a difficult problem. This paper presents an approach for recovering JPEG files from fragment data based on thumbnails. Using the mapping relation between the thumbnail and the original image, the image fragments can be rearranged to restructure the original image. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and accurate to recover JPEG files.
A Virtual Slot Multiple Access for IEEE 802.15.3 High-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (2006)

The IEEE 802.15.3 has introduced a type of time division multiple access (TDMA) which allocates the variable length of timeslot within a constant time interval. However, it needs dynamic timeslot scheduler because the length of timeslot can be changed during the connection of the variable bit rate (VBR) services. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid multiple access scheme based on both TDMA and CSMA. A TDMA timeslot virtually allocated for a specific station can be accessed by other stations using CSMA. The most important thing is that our proposed scheme achieves high throughput and low delay without complex scheduler. Through the computer simulations it is shown that the proposed scheme yields a significant performance improvement in terms of average delay and throughput.
The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dermatan sulphate MF701 during haemodialysis for chronic renal failure. (1993)

Single i.v. bolus doses of dermatan sulphate MF701 were administered before the onset of haemodialysis to patients with chronic renal failure, to prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circuit. Six patients received 2 mg kg-1; six were given 2.5 and 3 mg kg-1; 13 received 4.5 and 6 mg kg-1. Plasma MF701 concentrations (chromogenic assay), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and plasma markers of coagulation and platelet activation (TAT and beta-TG) were measured over 4 or 8 h from the onset of dialysis. The disposition of MF701 was described by a monoexponential function. C(0) and AUC values increased proportionally with dose. Volumes of distribution (approximately 4 l) were dose-independent. Half-lives showed a non significant increase with dose (from 2.2 to 3.1 h) and were 2.5-3 times longer than those reported for healthy subjects. There was a significant correlation between plasma MF701 concentration and its effects in prolonging APTT and suppressing TAT and beta-TG generation during dialysis.
Model-Based Aircraft Recognition (2006)

This paper gives a brief account of a way of recognising aircraft using radar range profiles which does not need large numbers of radar measurements of the aircraft of interest beforehand The method is based on constructing backscatter models of the aircraft by identifying regions of high backscatter using drawings, photographs and commercially available scale models of the aircraft. Methods and results are briefly discussed.
Three-photon excitation in fluorescence microscopy (1996)

We show experiments proving the feasibility of scanning fluorescence microscopy by three-photon excitation. Three-photon excitation fluorescence axial images are shown of polystyrene beads stained with the fluorophore 2,5-bis(4-biphenyl)oxazole (BBO). Three-photon excitation is performed at an excitation wavelength of 900 nm and with pulses of 130 fs duration provided by a mode-locked titanium sapphire laser. Fluorescence is collected between 350 and 450 nm. The fluorescence image signal features a third-order dependence on the excitation power, also providing intrinsic 3-D imaging. The resolution of a three-photon excitation microscope is increased over that of a comparable two-photon excitation microscope.