gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crosstalk between lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and histone deacetylases mediates antineoplastic efficacy of HDAC inhibitors in human breast cancer cells (2013)

Our previous studies demonstrated that lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) closely interact in controlling growth of breast cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we showed that knockdown of LSD1 expression (LSD1-KD) by RNAi decreased mRNA levels of HDAC isozymes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated depletion of HDAC5 expression induced the most significant accumulation of H3K4me2, a specific substrate of LSD1. Combined treatment with LSD1 inhibitor, pargyline, and HDAC inhibitor, SAHA (Vorinostat), led to superior growth inhibition and apoptotic death in TNBC cells, but exhibited additive or antagonistic effect on growth inhibition in non-TNBC counterparts or non-tumorigenic breast cells. Additionally, LSD1-KD enhanced SAHA-induced reexpression of a subset of aberrantly silenced genes, such as NR4A1, PCDH1, RGS16, BIK, and E-cadherin whose reexpression may be tumor suppressive. Genome-wide microarray study in MDA-MB-231 cells identified a group of tumor suppressor genes whose expression was induced by SAHA and significantly enhanced by LSD1-KD. We also showed that concurrent depletion of RGS16 by siRNA reduced overall cytotoxicity of SAHA and blocked the reexpression of E-cadherin, CDKN1C and ING1 in LSD1-deficient MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, cotreatment with RGS16 siRNA reversed the downregulation of nuclear factor-kappaB expression induced by combined inhibition of LSD1 and HDACs, suggesting a crucial role of RGS16 in controlling key pathways of cell death in response to combination therapy. Taken together, these results provide novel mechanistic insight into the breast cancer subtype-dependent role of LSD1 in mediating HDAC activity and therapeutic efficacy of HDAC inhibitor.
코로나19 상황에서 청소년지도자의 경험과 요구되는 역량 (2021)

배경: 코로나19 상황에서 청소년 기관과 시설은 청소년의 감염 예방과 선제적 대응을 요구받았다. 청소년지도자 사이에서는 기존의 대면 중심의 활동과 참여가 제한됨에 따라 청소년 활동방식이 변화되어야 한다는 인식이 확산되었으며, 청소년 기관의 여건에 따라 다양한 대응방안이 모색되었다. 환경변화로 인한 조직의 변화는 조직구성원의 생각과 행동변화에 영향을 미친다. 환경변화에 효과적으로 적응하고 도전과제를 대응하기 위해서는 조직구성원의 경험뿐만 아니라 요구되는 역량을 규명하고 개발하려는 노력이 필요하다.
목적: 이 연구에서는 코로나19 상황에서 청소년지도자들의 경험과 요구되는 역량을 탐구하고자 한다.
방법론/접근: 코로나19 상황을 경험한 8명의 청소년지도자를 연구참여자로 선정하였다. 자료수집은 2020년 11월 26일부터 12월 11일까지 인터뷰를 통해 이루어졌다.
결과/결론: 첫째, 코로나19로 인한 어려움은 청소년지도자들이 익숙하지 않은 비대면 활동을 개발하고 운영해야 하는 요구에서부터 비롯된 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 청소년 활동이 비대면으로 전환됨에 따라 프로그램 접근성이 높아지고, 프로그램에 집중할 수 있는 분위기가 조성될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 온라인 환경에서 청소년 활동프로그램을 효과적으로 전달하기 위해서, 청소년지도자들은 비대면 청소년 활동 컨텐츠를 개발하는 역량을 함양할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 코로나19 이후 새롭게 요구되는 청소년 활동을 실행할 수 있는 효과적인 지침과 정책적 지원이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.
시사점: 청소년지도자 재교육 프로그램 개발 및 실행, 청소년지도사 자격검정을 위한 이수 교과목에 비대면 활동영역 추가, 청소년 기관의 변화 관리 및 청소년 현장을 종합적으로 이해할 수 있는 연구 수행이 필요하였다. 그리고 청소년지도자의 디지털 역량에 관한 연구, 비대면 환경에서 청소년 프로그램의 효과성을 제고할 수 있는 방안에 관한 연구가 필요하였다.
Tight junction structure and ZO-1 content are identical in two strains of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells which differ in transepithelial resistance. (1988)

The relationship of tight junction permeability to junction structure and composition was examined using two strains of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells (I and II) which differ greater than 30-fold in transepithelial resistance. This parameter is largely determined by paracellular, and hence junctional, permeability under most conditions. When these two strains of cells were grown on permeable filter supports, they formed monolayers with equivalent linear amounts of junction/area of monolayer. Ultrastructural analysis of these monolayers by thin section EM revealed no differences in overall cellular morphology or in tight junction organization. Morphometric analysis of freeze-fractured preparations indicated that the tight junctions of these two cell strains were similar in both number and density of junctional fibrils. Prediction of transepithelial resistance for the two strains from this freeze-fracture data and a published structure-function formulation (Claude, P. 1978, J. Memb. Biol. 39:219-232) yielded values (I = 26.5 omega/cm2, II = 35.7 omega/cm2) that were significantly lower than those observed (I = 2,500-5,000 omega/cm2, II = 50-70 omega/cm2). Consistent with these structural studies, a comparison of the distribution and cellular content of ZO-1, a polypeptide localized exclusively to the tight junction, revealed no significant differences in either the localization of ZO-1 or the amount of ZO-1 per micron of junction (I = 1,415 +/- 101 molecules/micron, II = 1,514 +/- 215 molecules/micron).
Diffraction tomography and multisource holography applied to seismic imaging (1987)

Abstract Seismic tomography is emerging as an imaging method for determining subsurface structure. When the view-angle coverage is limited and the scale of the medium inhomogeneities is comparable with the wavelength, as is often true in geophysical applications, the performance of ordinary ray tomography becomes poor. Other tomographic methods are needed to improve the imaging process. Here we study diffraction tomography and multisource holography and evaluate their performances for surface reflection profiling (SRP), vertical seismic profiling (VSP), and cross-hole measurements. Theoretical formulations are derived for two-dimensional geometry in terms of line sources along a source line and line receivers along a receiver line. The theory for diffraction tomography is based on the Born or Rytov approximation.The performances of diffraction tomography and multisource holography are evaluated by examining the information coverage in the spatial frequency domain and by numerical examples. Multisource holography, which is similar to Kirchhoff-type migration, often gives distorted images of the object. This distortion causes long tails of the image in the case of SRP and a strong noise belt in the case of VSP and is due to incomplete and nonuniform coverage of the object spectrum. The filtering operation of diffraction tomography helps in correcting the nonuniform coverage (including duplication) of the object spectrum in the reconstruction process and therefore reduces the distortions. On the other hand, multisource holography is better suited for imaging sharp boundaries with large acoustic impedance contrasts since diffraction tomography is restricted, as presently formulated, to weak inhomogeneities. In addition, multisource holography has the flexibility to be used with an arbitrary number of sources (including a single source). Its sampling interval is not restricted by the Nyquist frequency.Numerical examples show that combined data sets (such as surface reflection data combined with VSP data, or cross-hole data combined with surface data, etc.) improve the image quality.
COMWIN Antenna Project: Fiscal Year 2001 (2001)

The Combat Wear Integration (COMWIN) project seeks to develop a man-carried antenna that transmits or receives a signal at any frequency from 2 MHz to 2 GHz while disguising the radio operator's identity. The first goal is to make the antenna compatible with the hand-held radio that will be manufactured in accordance with the Operational Requirements Document of the Joint Tactical Radio (JTR). The second goal is to make it harder for snipers to target the radio operators and disrupt command, control, and communications at the squad level. Integrating the antenna into the uniform of the soldier or marine achieves both goals. During FY 2001, the models of a vest antenna, a helmet antenna, and a whole-body antenna were fabricated and tested. The three antennas have now been integrated into a system that demonstrates the potential for ultra-wideband communication while disguising the radio operator. The basic design seems effective. Problems such as asymmetry between transmit and receive for some frequencies and radiation hazard can probably be solved by minor variations of the basic design.
Models of cancer cell migration and cellular imaging and analysis (2008)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Blue Polarized Electroluminescence from a Liquid Crystalline Polyfluorene (1999)

Highly polarized electroluminescence from a liquid-crystal polymer device, based on a branched polyfluorene with a branched side chain, is demonstrated here as a further step towards the use of organic electroluminescent (EL) devices as backlights in conventional liquid-crystal displays. The modification of a polyimide (PI) for hole conduction by addition of a suitable filler at moderate concentration is reported and the performance of a device containing such a rubbed, hole-conductor-filled PI layer as the alignment layer is compared with that of a device with a PI-only alignment layer.
Production of monoclonal antibodies in large-scale cell culture (1985)

Conference Article| February 01 1985 Production of monoclonal antibodies in large-scale cell culture JOHN R. BIRCH; JOHN R. BIRCH 1Celltech Ltd., 244–250 Bath Road, Slough SL1 4DY, Berks., U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. WILLIAM THOMPSON; P. WILLIAM THOMPSON 1Celltech Ltd., 244–250 Bath Road, Slough SL1 4DY, Berks., U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROBERT BORASTON ROBERT BORASTON 1Celltech Ltd., 244–250 Bath Road, Slough SL1 4DY, Berks., U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1985) 13 (1): 10–12. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130010 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JOHN R. BIRCH, P. WILLIAM THOMPSON, ROBERT BORASTON; Production of monoclonal antibodies in large-scale cell culture. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1985; 13 (1): 10–12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130010 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Involvement of Individual Subsites and Secondary Substrate Binding Sites in Multiple Attack on Amylose by Barley α-Amylase (2005)

Barley alpha-amylase 1 (AMY1) hydrolyzed amylose with a degree of multiple attack (DMA) of 1.9; that is, on average, 2.9 glycoside bonds are cleaved per productive enzyme-substrate encounter. Six AMY1 mutants, spanning the substrate binding cleft from subsites -6 to +4, and a fusion protein, AMY1-SBD, of AMY1 and the starch binding domain (SBD) of Aspergillus niger glucoamylase were also analyzed. DMA of the subsite -6 mutant Y105A and AMY1-SBD increased to 3.3 and 3.0, respectively. M53E, M298S, and T212W at subsites -2, +1/+2, and +4, respectively, and the double mutant Y105A/T212W had decreased DMA of 1.0-1.4. C95A (subsite -5) had a DMA similar to that of wild type. Maltoheptaose (G7) was always the major initial oligosaccharide product. Wild-type and the subsite mutants released G6 at 27-40%, G8 at 60-70%, G9 at 39-48%, and G10 at 33-44% of the G7 rate, whereas AMY1-SBD more efficiently produced G8, G9, and G10 at rates similar to, 66%, and 60% of G7, respectively. In contrast, the shorter products appeared with large individual differences: G1, 0-15%; G2, 8-43%; G3, 0-22%; and G4, 0-11% of the G7 rate. G5 was always a minor product. Multiple attack thus involves both longer translocation of substrate in the binding cleft upon the initial cleavage to produce G6-G10, essentially independent of subsite mutations, and short-distance moves resulting in individually very different rates of release of G1-G4. Accordingly, the degree of multiple attack as well as the profile of products can be manipulated by structural changes in the active site or by introduction of extra substrate binding sites.
Design, test, and simulation of self-assembled micromachined rf inductors (1999)

Inductors are essential for fully integrated, complex RF circuits such as single chip radios. Both high Q, Q > 15, and high precision, +/- 2 percent, inductors are needed to meet phase noise specifications for on-chip VCO's and for reactive impedance matching to improve power transfer and linearity. We describe the design, test and simulation of self-assembled, micromachined inductors lifted away from the substrate by tensile stress in the metallization. The air gap reduces the capacitive coupling to the substrate, increasing both the Q and self-resonant frequency. For 2nH inductors we have measured Q-14 at 2GHz, with process variation < 2 percent. Increased temperature and current strongly increase the loss, but do not effect the inductance. The inductors are also relatively insensitive to mechanical excitation, with forces approximately 30g's required to significantly modulate the inductor loss under resonant excitation. Extensive EM simulations of this design methodology suggest that we should be able to reach Q > 25 at 2GHz and maintain 10GHz. We also compare these results with state of the art fully integrated Si RFIC planar inductors.
Potential integrals for uniform and linear source distributions on polygonal and polyhedral domains (1984)

Formulas for the potentials due to uniform and Linearly varying source distributions defined on simply shaped domains are systematically developed and presented. Domains considered are infinite planar strips, infinite cylinders of polygonal cross sections, planar surfaces with polygonal boundaries, and volumetric regions with polyhedral boundaries. The expressions obtained are compact in form and their application in the numerical solution of electromagnetics problems by the method of moments is illustrated.
High Prevalence of Central Adrenal Insufficiency in Patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome (2008)

Strikingly, 60% of our PWS patients had CAI. The high percentage of CAI in PWS patients might explain the high rate of sudden death in these patients, particularly during infection-related stress. Based on our data, one should consider treatment with hydrocortisone during acute illness in PWS patients unless CAI has recently been ruled out with a metyrapone test.
ORTHO-METHYLATION OF 2,3-XYLIDINE OVEP SOLID CATALYSTS (1977)

Abstract The methylation of 2,3-xylidine with methanol was carried out over various solid catalysts. Silver-alumina showed 70% selectivity in the methylation at the ortho-position. The activity and the selectivity of catalysts were briefly discussed in view of the acidic and basic properties of the catalysts.
High-Performance Flexible Supercapacitors obtained via Recycled Jute: Bio-Waste to Energy Storage Approach (2017)

In search of affordable, flexible, lightweight, efficient and stable supercapacitors, metal oxides have been shown to provide high charge storage capacity but with poor cyclic stability due to structural damage occurring during the redox process. Here, we develop an efficient flexible supercapacitor obtained by carbonizing abundantly available and recyclable jute. The active material was synthesized from jute by a facile hydrothermal method and its electrochemical performance was further enhanced by chemical activation. Specific capacitance of 408 F/g at 1 mV/s using CV and 185 F/g at 500 mA/g using charge-discharge measurements with excellent flexibility (~100% retention in charge storage capacity on bending) were observed. The cyclic stability test confirmed no loss in the charge storage capacity of the electrode even after 5,000 charge-discharge measurements. In addition, a supercapacitor device fabricated using this carbonized jute showed promising specific capacitance of about 51 F/g, and improvement of over 60% in the charge storage capacity on increasing temperature from 5 to 75 °C. Based on these results, we propose that recycled jute should be considered for fabrication of high-performance flexible energy storage devices at extremely low cost.
Accuracy of digitized aerial photographs for assessing forest habitats at plot level (1998)

The objective of the present study was to determine the accuracy of digitized colour‐infrared aerial photographs for predicting forest habitats defined by dominant tree species, stand age and ground vegetation in order to assess the structural diversity of forests. The solar direction and viewing angle at exposure time exert strong effects on illumination by causing a bidirectional reflectance effect. As a result, the same forest habitat will have totally different reflectance values, depending on its position in the photograph. Digital tone values were thus calibrated prior to the stratification, using empirical regression‐calibration or rationing methods. Linear regression calibration to the principal‐point level of the photographs, in which the mean pixel value was modelled as a function of sun and sensor position at the time of exposure, was shown to be the most effective method. The results showed that regression calibration significantly improved stratification accuracies. Separation of 12 habitat types was accomplished with 85.3% accuracy and 48 habitat types with 57.7% accuracy. The results also indicated that final stratification accuracy is very dependent on the prestratification needed, since the bidirectional reflectance effect in aerial photographs differs in various habitat types.
Identification of carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles as active species in non-precious metal oxygen reduction catalysts (2016)

The widespread use of fuel cells is currently limited by the lack of efficient and cost-effective catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. Iron-based non-precious metal catalysts exhibit promising activity and stability, as an alternative to state-of-the-art platinum catalysts. However, the identity of the active species in non-precious metal catalysts remains elusive, impeding the development of new catalysts. Here we demonstrate the reversible deactivation and reactivation of an iron-based non-precious metal oxygen reduction catalyst achieved using high-temperature gas-phase chlorine and hydrogen treatments. In addition, we observe a decrease in catalyst heterogeneity following treatment with chlorine and hydrogen, using Mössbauer and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Our study reveals that protected sites adjacent to iron nanoparticles are responsible for the observed activity and stability of the catalyst. These findings may allow for the design and synthesis of enhanced non-precious metal oxygen reduction catalysts with a higher density of active sites.
Competition in intramolecular arylation of triphenylmethanols (1986)

Six new unsymmetrically substituted derivatives of 2-aminotriphenylmethanol (1) have been synthesised. The direction of ring closure following diazotisation and loss of nitrogen is determined by the nature of the intermediates formed. Where aryl radical intermediates are formed, the selectivity parallels that found in intermolecular competition by phenyl radicals, whereas copper-catalysed decomposition of the diazonium ion leads to intermediates which seem, from their selectivity, to possess considerable cationic nature. The slower thermal decomposition of the diazonium ions unexpectedly shows very little selectivity, suggesting that electrostatic interactions predominate in determining a very short lifetime of the crucial intermediate.
Rare Copy Number Deletions Predict Individual Variation in Intelligence (2011)

Phenotypic variation in human intellectual functioning shows substantial heritability, as demonstrated by a long history of behavior genetic studies. Many recent molecular genetic studies have attempted to uncover specific genetic variations responsible for this heritability, but identified effects capture little variance and have proven difficult to replicate. The present study, motivated an interest in "mutation load" emerging from evolutionary perspectives, examined the importance of the number of rare (or infrequent) copy number variations (CNVs), and the total number of base pairs included in such deletions, for psychometric intelligence. Genetic data was collected using the Illumina 1MDuoBeadChip Array from a sample of 202 adult individuals with alcohol dependence, and a subset of these (N = 77) had been administered the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI). After removing CNV outliers, the impact of rare genetic deletions on psychometric intelligence was investigated in 74 individuals. The total length of the rare deletions significantly and negatively predicted intelligence (r = -.30, p = .01). As prior studies have indicated greater heritability in individuals with relatively higher parental socioeconomic status (SES), we also examined the impact of ethnicity (Anglo/White vs. Other), as a proxy measure of SES; these groups did not differ on any genetic variable. This categorical variable significantly moderated the effect of length of deletions on intelligence, with larger effects being noted in the Anglo/White group. Overall, these results suggest that rare deletions (between 5% and 1% population frequency or less) adversely affect intellectual functioning, and that pleotropic effects might partly account for the association of intelligence with health and mental health status. Significant limitations of this research, including issues of generalizability and CNV measurement, are discussed.
Simple Black-box Adversarial Attacks (2019)

We propose an intriguingly simple method for the construction of adversarial images in the black-box setting. In constrast to the white-box scenario, constructing black-box adversarial images has the additional constraint on query budget, and efficient attacks remain an open problem to date. With only the mild assumption of continuous-valued confidence scores, our highly query-efficient algorithm utilizes the following simple iterative principle: we randomly sample a vector from a predefined orthonormal basis and either add or subtract it to the target image. Despite its simplicity, the proposed method can be used for both untargeted and targeted attacks -- resulting in previously unprecedented query efficiency in both settings. We demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of our algorithm on several real world settings including the Google Cloud Vision API. We argue that our proposed algorithm should serve as a strong baseline for future black-box attacks, in particular because it is extremely fast and its implementation requires less than 20 lines of PyTorch code.
Therapeutic potential of arsenic trioxide with or without interferon-  for relapsed/refractory adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (2007)

Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) with or without interferon-a (IFN) was given to 4 patients with relapsed/refractory adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Treatment with As2O3 and IFN showed an encouraging response in two moderately-aggressive ATLL patients, while As2O3 alone was ineffective in two patients with very aggressive and rapidly progressing ATLL. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of As2O3 and its usefulness when combined with IFN for the treatment of ATLL.