gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two forms of Drosophila melanogaster Gs alpha are produced by alternate splicing involving an unusual splice site. (1990)

G proteins are responsible for modulating the activity of intracellular effector systems in response to receptor activation. The stimulatory G protein Gs is responsible for activation of adenylate cyclase in response to a variety of hormonal signals. In this report, we describe the structure of the gene for the alpha subunit of Drosophila melanogaster Gs. The gene is approximately 4.5 kilobases long and is divided into nine exons. The exon-intron structure of the Drosophila gene shows substantial similarity to that of the human gene for Gs alpha. Alternate splicing of intron 7, involving either use of an unusual TG or consensus AG 3' splice site, results in transcripts which code for either a long (DGs alpha L) or short (DGs alpha S) form of Gs alpha. These subunits differ by inclusion or deletion of three amino acids and substitution of a Ser for a Gly. The two forms of Drosophila Gs alpha differ in a region where no variation in the primary sequence of vertebrate Gs alpha subunits has been observed. In vitro translation experiments demonstrated that the Drosophila subunits migrate anomalously on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels with apparent molecular weights of 51,000 and 48,000. Additional Gs alpha transcript heterogeneity reflects the use of multiple polyadenylation sites.
Expression of class II antigen in endotoxin induced uveitis (1986)

Uveitis can be induced by systemic or intravitreal administration of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). In this study we correlated the expression of class II antigens (la in rat) of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), with this experimental model of uveitis. Ia antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry using the Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (ABC) method and the monoclonal antibody OX6. Ia antigen was not expressed in normal eyes. However, Ia was expressed in the anterior uvea epithelial cells in all eyes with LPS induced uveitis. This study demonstrates that the ocular Ia expression is a localized process in the anterior uvea in response to systemic or intravitreal LPS. This response appears to be distinct from the action of LPS on macrophage Ia expression, where LPS has been shown to inhibit the induction of Ia antigen in macrophages by gamma interferon.
The mapping problem back and forth (2004)

Model-Based User Interface Development uses a multitude of models which are related in one way or another. Usually there is some kind of process that starts with the design of the abstract models and progresses gradually towards the more concrete models, resulting in the final user interface when the design process is complete. Progressing from one model to another involves transforming the model and mapping pieces of information contained in the source model onto the target model. Most existing development environments propose solutions that apply these steps (semi-)automatically in one way only (from abstract to concrete models). Manual intervention that changes the target model (e.g. dialog model) to the designer preferences is not reflected in the source model (e.g. task model), thus this step can introduce inconsistencies between the different models. In this paper, we identify some rules that can be manually applied to the model after a transformation has taken place. The effect on the target and source models are shown together with how different models involved in the transformation can be updated accordingly to ensure consistency between models.
Abstract 1584: MHC-restricted phosphopeptides as broad-based immunotherapeutic targets for cancer (2012)

Abstract Identification of the antigens (Ags) recognized by CD8+ T cells specific for melanoma and other types of cancer cells has been motivated by the expectation that they will serve as the basis for a therapeutic vaccine or will be useful for the stimulation of more effective CD8+ CTL for adoptive immunotherapy. Few of the currently identified Ags are derived from source proteins directly associated with transformation or metastasis, and many are self-Ags which may be subject to tolerance mechanisms. We have defined a new array of phosphorylated peptides presented by HLA-A1, -A2, -A3, -B7, -B44 and HLA-B27 that are presented on melanomas from multiple patients at &gt;1 copy per cell and derived from source proteins associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. We evaluated the immunogenicity of several of the HLA-A2-restricted phosphopeptide Ags in an HLA-transgenic murine model system and in vitro human T cell cultures, evaluated the presence of the phosphorylated source protein or display of the phosphorylated epitope on cancers of different histological types, and investigated the ability of phosphopeptide-specific CD8+ T cells to prevent outgrowth of cancer cells in a xenogenic model. Evaluation of metastatic melanoma tissue microarrays and cancer cell lysates demonstrated that the phosphorylated source proteins for β-catenin (Ser33-phosphorylated), Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance −3 (BCAR3; Thr130-phosphorylated), and Insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS2; Ser1100-phosphorylated) were broadly expressed in melanomas and other cancers but not normal tissues. In addition, these epitopes can be utilized to elicit phosphopeptide-specific T cells in both murine HLA-A2 transgenic mice in vivo and human in vitro culture. The phospho-β-catenin, phospho-IRS2 and phospho-BCAR3-specific-T cells that were generated differentiate between the phosphorylated and non-modified forms of their respective peptides and recognize the endogenously processed and presented phosphopeptide on the surface of cancer cells. Finally, adoptive transfer of these phosphopeptide-specific T cells slowed outgrowth of melanoma tumors implanted in immunodeficient NOD.SCID.IL2Rα-/- mice. Thus, we have defined a new set of post-translationally modified epitopes derived from source proteins associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis that are immunogenic and capable of slowing tumor outgrowth in a xenograft model. Based on these results, we are currently planning a clinical trial utilizing these HLA-A2-restricted phosphopeptides in melanoma patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1584. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1584
The role of Cation Vacancies on Microstructure and Piezoelectricity of Lanthanum-Substituted (Na<sub>1/2</sub>Bi<sub>1/2</sub>)TiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics (2004)

The effects of incorporation of lanthanum (La 3+ ) ions in Na 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 (NBT) on microstructure and sintering characteristics were studied. As the content of incorporated La 3+ increased in [(Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 ) 1-1.5 x V 0.5 x La x ]TiO 3 , the sintered density reached a maximum at x =0.05 and the grain size decreased as lanthanum ions increase from x =0 to x =0.05. Whereas, in [Na 0.5 Bi 0.5- x La x ]TiO 3 , the incorporated lanthanum ions decreased the bulk density and increased the grain size. The effect of different La incorporation methods on the microstructure change suggested that the La A • –V A '' pairs played a critical role in suppressing the fast grain boundary movement and enhancing the densification of [(Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 ) 1-1.5 x V 0.5 x La x ]TiO 3 ceramics. Lanthanum addition also changed the electrical properties of NBT. La ion incorporation with A-site cation vacancies modified the electrical property of NBT to satisfy the needs for the piezoelectric application.
Applications Of Coherent Optical Communication In The Network Environment (1985)

Network architectures that utilize coherent optical technology are, analyzed. Applications of this rapidly maturing technology are shown to increase network capabilities - throughput, variety of services, etc. - and alleviate some of the protocol and switching difficulties found in traditional network architectures. The designs presented and analyzed in this paper are concerned with multiple - access and broadcasting networks.
Study of thermodynamic parameters in strong and break monsoon (1986)

Fluctuations in the intensity and spatial distribution of southwest monsoon rainfall over India are well known. Spurt in the rainfall activity over India leading to strong monsoon and cessation in the rail1fall activity leading to break/weak monsoon are typically associated with different synoptic situations. In these two typical situations, the variations of thermodynamic parameters like dry bulb temperature; dew point temperature, potential temperature, equivalent potential temperature and saturated moist-static energy are studied and their possible use in forecasting are highlighted.
Studies on crude drugs effective on visceral larva migrans. II. Larvicidal principles in Kaempferiae Rhizoma. (1988)

Larvicidal principles obtained from the methanol extract of Kaempferiae Rhizoma (rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga) were identified as ethyl cinnamate, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, and p-methoxycinnamic acid. Cinnamic acid and some of its derivatives showed larvicidal activity.
Training outcomes for audiology students using virtual reality or traditional training methods (2020)

Due to limited space and resources, it can be difficult to train students on audiological procedures adequately. In the present study, we compared audiology training outcomes between a traditional approach and a recently developed immersive virtual reality (VR) approach in audiology students. Twenty-nine first-year audiology students participated in the study; 14 received traditional training ("TT group"), and 15 received the VR training ("VRT group"). Pre- and post-training evaluation included a 20-item test developed by an audiology educator. Post-training satisfaction and self-confidence were evaluated using Likert scales. Mean post-training test scores improved by 6.9±9.8 percentage points in the TT group and by 21.1±7.8 points in the VRT group; the improvement in scores was significant for both groups. After completing the traditional training, the TT group was subsequently trained with the VR system, after which mean scores further improved by 7.5 points; there was no significant difference in post-VR training scores between the TT and VRT groups. After training, the TT and VRT groups completed satisfaction and self-confidence questionnaires. Satisfaction and self-confidence ratings were significantly higher for the VR training group, compared to the traditional training group. Satisfaction ratings were "good" (4 on Likert scale) for 74% of the TT group and 100% of the VRT group. Self-confidence ratings were "good" for 71% of the TT group and 92% of the VRT group. These results suggest that a VR training approach may be an effective alternative or supplement to traditional training for audiology students.
Multistage interconnection networks for k/n rate Viterbi decoders (2002)

New parallel architectures are proposed for Viterbi (1967) decoders with the possibility of a trade-off between the complexity and the speed. This work generalizes the design of decoders with a code rate of 1/n reported for k/n rate codes corresponding to high radix systems with the number of states N=r/sup n/, r>2. Two different solutions are given. Finally, the family of architectures is derived systematically for the general case of k/n rate codes.
Phenotyping of Sleep‐Disordered Breathing in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction—the SchlaHF Registry (2017)

URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT01500759.
Economic optimization of construction project scheduling (1990)

Several techniques such as CPM, PERT, and time-cost trade-off are currently used in the process of project planning. None of these techniques, nor any combination of them, guarantees a project schedule that achieves one of the most important objectives of project planning, i.e. minimizing the total project cost. In this study, binary variables are used to formulate a linear integer model for optimization of project schedules. This model minimizes the sum of the cost of all resources used by a project, including time. The resultant schedule optimization with this method are presented. Although the proposed model in its present form cannot be easily adopted by practising engineers for large projects, it could form the basis for future automation of project scheduling and resource allocation.
Coding Sequence, Genomic Organization, and Conserved Chromosomal Localization of the Mouse Gene Scn11a Encoding the Sodium Channel NaN (1999)

Previous studies have shown that sodium channel alpha-subunit NaN is preferentially expressed in small-diameter sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia. These neurons include high-threshold nociceptors that are involved in transduction of pain associated with tissue and nerve injury. In this study, we show that mouse NaN is a 1765-amino-acid peptide that is predicted to produce a current that is resistant to tetrodotoxin (TTX-R). Mouse and rat NaN are 80 and 89% identical at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. The Scn11a gene encoding this cDNA is organized into 24 exons. Unlike some alpha-subunits, Scn11a does not have an alternative exon 5 in domain I. Introns of the U2 and U12 spliceosome types are present at conserved positions relative to other members of this family. Scn11a is located on mouse chromosome 9, close to the two other TTX-R sodium channel genes, Scn5a and Scn10a. The human gene, SCN11A, was mapped to the conserved linkage group on chromosome 3p21-p24, close to human SCN5A and SCN10A. The colocalization of the three sodium channel genes supports a common lineage of the TTX-R sodium channels.
Salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) regulate TGFβ-mediated transcriptional and apoptotic responses (2019)

Abstract The signalling pathways initiated by members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family of cytokines control many metazoan cellular processes, including proliferation and differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and apoptosis. TGFβ signalling is therefore strictly regulated to ensure appropriate context-dependent physiological responses. In an attempt to identify novel regulatory components of the TGFβ signalling pathway, we performed a pharmacological screen using a cell line engineered to report the endogenous transcription of the TGFβ-responsive target gene PAI-1 . The screen revealed that small-molecular inhibitors of salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) attenuate TGFβ-mediated transcription of PAI-1 without affecting receptor-mediated SMAD phosphorylation, SMAD complex formation or nuclear translocation. We provide evidence that genetic inactivation of SIK isoforms also attenuates TGFβ-dependent transcriptional responses. Pharmacological inhibition of SIKs using multiple small-molecule inhibitors potentiated apoptotic cell death induced by TGFβ stimulation. Our data therefore provides evidence for a novel function of SIKs in modulating TGFβ-mediated transcriptional and cellular responses.
Antibacterial and Anticancer Properties of Boswellia carteri Birdw. and Commiphora molmol Engl. Oleo-Resin Solvent Extractions (2016)

Background: Boswellia carteri Birdw. (frankincense) and Commiphora molmol Engl. (myrrh) oleo-resins have traditionally been used for the growth inhibition of bacteria associated with skin diseases, urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, wound healing, dental disease and gastrointestinal disorders. Despite this, many bacterial pathogens are yet to be screened for susceptibility to frankincense and myrrh extracts. This study was undertaken to test extracts prepared from frankincense and myrrholeo-resins for the ability to inhibit microbial and cancer cell growth. Materials and Methods: Frankincense and myrrhresins were extracted and tested for antimicrobial activity using modified disc diffusion and MIC methods. Inhibitory activity against CaCo2 and HeLa cancer cell lines was evaluated using colorimetric cell proliferation assays. Toxicity was evaluated using an Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. The most promising inhibitory extracts were investigated using non-targeted GC-MS head space analysis (with screening against a compound database) for the identification and characterisation of individual components in the crude plant extracts. Results: The frankincense and myrrh extracts displayed broad spectrum antibacterial activity, inhibiting the growth of all of the bacteria screened against. The frankincense extracts were generally more potent growth inhibitors than were the corresponding myrrh extracts. The growth inhibition of the methanolic, ethyl acetate and hexane frankincense extracts against Salmonella salford was particularly noteworthy, with MIC values of 462, 258 and 293 µg/mL respectively. The frankincense and myrrh extracts were both approximately equally effective against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The majority of the extracts also proved effective at blocking the proliferation of the colorectal cancer cell line CaCo2 and HeLa cervical cancer cell growth, although the aqueous and ethyl acetate frankincense extracts generally had the greatest efficacy (IC50 values 1600-1900 µg/mL). All extracts were non-toxic, with LC50 values substantially > 1000 µg/mL. Conclusion: These studies validate traditional usage of frankincense and myrrh in the treatment of several bacterial illnesses and some cancers, and indicate that they are safe for therapeutic usage.
Novel Uperin Peptides From the Dorsal Glands of the Australian Floodplain Toadlet <i>Uperoleia inundata</i> (1996)

The dorsal glandular extract of the floodplain toadlet Uperoleia inundata contains more than 50 peptides: we report the amino acid sequences and bioactivity data of 13 of these. The peptides have been sequenced by using a combination of mass spectrometry and automated Edman sequencing. Ten of the peptides have been synthesized in order to confirm their structures, and to enable bioassays to be carried out. Ten peptides are host- defence agents, including ( i ) a powerful new neuropeptide of the tachykinin family which we name uperin 1.1 [ pGlu Ala Asp Pro Asn Ala Phe Tyr Gly Leu Met (NH2)], and (ii) nine antibiotic peptides including five uperins 2 [e.g. uperin 2.1, Gly Ile Val Asp Phe Ala Lys Lys Val Val Gly Gly Ile Arg Asn Ala Leu Gly Ile (OH)], three uperins 3 [e.g. uperin 3.1, Gly Val Leu Asp Ala Phe Arg Lys Ile Ala Thr Val Val Lys Asn Val Val (NH2)] and uperin 4.1 [ Gly Val Gly Ser Phe Ile His Lys Val Val Ser Ala Ile Lys Asn Val Ala (NH2)]. The function of the three other characterized peptides in the amphibian integument is not known, viz. ( i ) uperin 5.1 [ Phe Gln Phe Val Asn Pro Ser Asp Ile Val Phe Gly Ser (OH)] and (ii) the two uperins 6 [e.g. uperin 6.1, Gly Leu Ala Gly Ala Ile Ser Ser Ala Leu Asp Lys Leu Lys Gln Ser Gln Leu Ile Lys Asn Tyr Ala Lys Lys Leu Gly Tyr Pro Arg (OH)].
Planar Array Transient Infrared Spectroscopy: A New Tool for the Time‐Resolved Analysis of Polymers (2008)

Abstract Summary: Planar array infrared spectroscopy (PA‐IR) was used for the first time to record transient infrared (TIRS) spectra. In proof‐of‐concept experiments, it was demonstrated that PA‐TIRS can record high quality spectra of common polymeric samples. It was shown the this new technique allows acquiring spectra in as little as 17 ms, opening the door to high speed, real‐time monitoring applications.
Biochemical characterization of regulatory factors derived from T cell hybridomas and spleen cells. I. Separation of T cell growth factor and T cell replacing factor from granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. (1982)

We describe the molecular characteristics of T cell growth factor (TCGF), T cell replacing factor (TRF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) produced by a T cell hybridoma after stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A). All three activities could be separated from Con A itself by ammonium sulfate precipitation. The TRF and TCGF activities had a m.w. of 35,000 to 40,000 on gel filtration in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Their m.w. were about 30,000 under dissociating conditions in guanidine hydrochloride and about 35,000 to 40,000 under disulfide reducing conditions, suggesting the molecule(s) lacked noncovalent or disulfide-linked subunit structure. GM-CSF had a m.w. of 25,000 to 30,000 by gel filtration in PBS and about 23,000 in guanidine hydrochloride. TRF and TCGF on the one hand and GM-CSF on the other could be distinguished by the criteria of m.w., relative heat sensitivity, and hydrophobic chromatography. TCGF could not be separated from TRF by any of these methods. In terms of all the above properties, factor derived from the T cell hybridoma and spleen cells appeared identical.
Reliability of neuronal information conveyed by unreliable neuristor-based leaky integrate-and-fire neurons: a model study (2015)

We conducted simulations on the neuronal behavior of neuristor-based leaky integrate-and-fire (NLIF) neurons. The phase-plane analysis on the NLIF neuron highlights its spiking dynamics--determined by two nullclines conditional on the variables on the plane. Particular emphasis was placed on the operational noise arising from the variability of the threshold switching behavior in the neuron on each switching event. As a consequence, we found that the NLIF neuron exhibits a Poisson-like noise in spiking, delimiting the reliability of the information conveyed by individual NLIF neurons. To highlight neuronal information coding at a higher level, a population of noisy NLIF neurons was analyzed in regard to probability of successful information decoding given the Poisson-like noise of each neuron. The result demonstrates highly probable success in decoding in spite of large variability--due to the variability of the threshold switching behavior--of individual neurons.
Evaluating Consumer Preferences for Existing Multiattribute Products: A Non‐Metric Approach (1993)

ABSTRACT A model evaluating consumer preferences for multiattribute products is derived. The model possesses the following features: (1) the method works for existing products; (2) the input data require only overall product rankings and attribute rankings; (3) the distribution of part worths (utility) for particular attributes is derived and used to judge the trade‐offs among different attributes; (4) the procedure can be implemented with existing software; and (5) the attributes do not need to be quantifiable.
Pressure Actuated Leaf Seals for Improved Turbine Shaft Sealing (2005)

This presentation introduces a shaft seal in which leaf seal elements are constructed from slotted shim material formed and layered into a frusto-conical assembly. Limited elastic deflection of seal leaves with increasing system pressure close large startup clearance to a small, non-contacting, steady state running clearance. At shutdown seal elements resiliently retract as differential seal pressure diminishes. Large seal clearance during startup and shutdown provides a mechanism for rub avoidance. Minimum operating clearance improves performance and non-contacting operation promises long seal life. Design features of this seal, sample calculations at differential pressures up to 2400 psid and benefit comparison with brush and labyrinth seals is documented in paper, AIAA 2005 3985, presented at the Advanced Seal Technology session of the Joint Propulsion Conference in Tucson this past July. In this presentation use of bimetallic leaf material will be discussed. Frictional heating of bimetallic leaf seals during a seal rub can relieve the rub condition to some extent with a change in seal shape. Improved leaf seal rub tolerance is expected with bimetallic material.