gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dye Advection Without the Blur: A Level‐Set Approach for Texture‐Based Visualization of Unsteady Flow (2004)

Abstract Dye advection is an intuitive and versatile technique to visualize both steady and unsteady flow. Dye can be easily combined with noise‐based dense vector field representations and is an important element in user‐centric visual exploration processes. However, fast texture‐based implementations of dye advection rely on linear interpolation operations that lead to severe diffusion artifacts. In this paper, a novel approach for dye advection is proposed to avoid this blurring and to achieve long and clearly defined streaklines or extended streak‐like patterns. The interface between dye and background is modeled as a level‐set within a signed distance field. The level‐set evolution is governed by the underlying flow field and is computed by a semi‐Lagrangian method. A reinitialization technique is used to counteract the distortions introduced by the level‐set evolution and to maintain a level‐set function that represents a local distance field. This approach works for 2D and 3D flow fields alike. It is demonstrated how the texture‐based level‐set representation lends itself to an efficient GPU implementation and therefore facilitates interactive visualization. Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): I.3.3 [Computer Graphics]: Picture/Image Generation I.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three‐Dimensional Graphics and Realism
A digital architecture for support vector machines: theory, algorithm, and fpga implementation (2003)

In this paper, we propose a digital architecture for support vector machine (SVM) learning and discuss its implementation on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). We analyze briefly the quantization effects on the performance of the SVM in classification problems to show its robustness, in the feedforward phase, respect to fixed-point math implementations; then, we address the problem of SVM learning. The architecture described here makes use of a new algorithm for SVM learning which is less sensitive to quantization errors respect to the solution appeared so far in the literature. The algorithm is composed of two parts: the first one exploits a recurrent network for finding the parameters of the SVM; the second one uses a bisection process for computing the threshold. The architecture implementing the algorithm is described in detail and mapped on a real current-generation FPGA (Xilinx Virtex II). Its effectiveness is then tested on a channel equalization problem, where real-time performances are of paramount importance.
A microstrip phase shifter using complementary metamaterials (2008)

A novel microstrip phase shifter is presented using metamaterial structures. The phase shifter is composed of complementary split-ring resonators (CSRR) and complementary electric-LC (CELC) resonators to realize the 180 degrees of phase difference. The added insertion loss is only 1.33dB at 16.8GHz in a transmission line, which is originally 64.5 degrees long. Moreover, a new design method to control the phase difference by changing the effective permittivity and permeability is proposed.
Guidelines for Premeal Insulin Dose Reduction for Postprandial Exercise of Different Intensities and Durations in Type 1 Diabetic Subjects Treated Intensively With a Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimen (Ultralente-Lispro) (2001)

At all intensities, the full premeal insulin dose was associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemia. At 25% VO2max for 60 min, a 50% reduction in the premeal insulin dose resulted in plasma glucose of -0.62 mmol/l compared with baseline at the end of exercise. At 50% VO2max for 30 and 60 min, 50 and 75% reductions of the premeal insulin dose were associated with plasma glucose of -0.39 and +0.49 mmol/l, respectively, at the end of the exercise. At 75% VO2max, a 75% reduction of the premeal insulin dose was required to achieve appropriate postexercise plasma glucose (+0.71 mmol/l). Such reductions in the premeal insulin dose resulted in a 75% decrease in the incidence of exercise-induced hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS In well-controlled type 1 diabetic subjects on intensive insulin therapy with the basal-bolus (UL-LP) insulin regimen, risk of hypoglycemia can be minimized during postprandial exercises of different intensities and different durations by appropriate reduction of premeal insulin LP.
Partial sums computation in polar codes decoding (2015)

Polar codes are the first error-correcting codes to provably achieve the channel capacity but with infinite code-lengths. For finite codelengths the existing decoder architectures are limited in working frequency by the partial sums computation unit. We explain in this paper how the partial sums computation can be seen as a matrix multiplication. Then, an efficient hardware implementation of this product is investigated. It has reduced logic resources and interconnections. Formalized architectures, to compute partial sums and to generate the bits of the generator matrix κ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">⊗n</sup> , are presented. The proposed architecture allows removing the multiplexing resources used to assigned to each processing elements the required partial sums.
Double quantum external photoelectric effect in crystalline tetracene (1979)

Abstract The subject effect (DQEPE) is confirmed in tetracene crystal and attributed to the interaction of a free electron and a trapped charge‐transfer (CT) state. The energy of the trapped CT state is 2.85 eV. The light intensity ( I ) dependence of the DQEPE yield Y is Y ∝︁ I 1.5 . Greatly improved experimental techniques for measuring photoemission rates and retardation potentials in a gaseous environment are described.
Impact of reactive oxygen species on spermatozoa: a balancing act between beneficial and detrimental effects (1995)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have beneficial or detrimental effects on sperm functions depending on the nature and the concentration of the ROS involved, as well as the moment and the location of exposure. Excessive generation of ROS in semen, mainly by neutrophils but also by abnormal spermatozoa, could be a cause for infertility. Hydrogen peroxide is the primary toxic ROS for human spermatozoa. Low concentrations of this ROS do not affect sperm viability but cause sperm immobilization mostly via depletion of intracellular ATP and the subsequent decrease in the phosphorylation of axonemal proteins. High concentrations of hydrogen peroxide induce lipid peroxidation and result in cell death. On the other hand, the superoxide anion appears to play a major role in the development of hyperactivation and capacitation. The observations that: (i) exogenously generated superoxide anions induce hyperactivation and capacitation; (ii) capacitating spermatozoa themselves produce elevated concentrations of superoxide anion over prolonged periods of time; and (iii) removal of this ROS by superoxide dismutase prevents sperm hyperactivation and capacitation induced by various biological fluids, stress the importance of the superoxide anion in these processes.
Potential preventive effects of follistatin-related protein/TSC-36 on joint destruction and antagonistic modulation of its autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (2002)

We previously reported that follistatin-related protein (FRP)/TSC-36 was one of the target antigens of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and that the appearance of serum autoantibodies to FRP correlated to disease activity in RA. However, the significance of FRP in autoimmunity remained to be explained due to the unknown function of FRP. Here, we disclose in part the function of FRP. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta augmented FRP gene expression in synovial cells. FRP reduced synovial production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3 and prostaglandin E(2), potent agonists of joint destruction in RA. In contrast, autoantibodies to FRP from patients with RA increased their production by blocking FRP activity, probably in the autocrine system. Moreover, FRP down-regulated synovial expression of FOS (c-fos), which seemed responsible for the reduction in MMP-1 and MMP-3 caused by FRP. Therefore, FRP and its autoantibody can be regarded as defensive and offensive factors respectively in rheumatoid arthropathy. The major epitope of autoantibodies to FRP was mapped to the sequence LKFVEQNE (residues 169-176) and homologous sequences were found in proteins from Escherichia coli, Epstein-Barr virus, etc. FRP and its autoantibody may provide some clues to elucidate the process of disease development and a new approach to the design of therapeutics in RA.
Signal Processing in Correlation Based Robust Ultrasonic Distance Measurement (2002)

This paper introduces the correlative robust distance measurement approaches based on the signal models.The very simple match circuits of the ultrasonic sensors were obtained by analyzing the frequency properties of the ultrasonic sensors.The modulation and demodulation were used to reduce the frequency of the processed signals.The carrier signals were substituted with the rectangle signals because of the properties of the pseudo random binary sequences (PRBS) and the ultrasonic sensors.This paper describes also the linear interpolation for the increase of the sampling frequency and the average method for the suppression of the scattering echoes.
Frequency adjustment of microelectromechanical cantilevers using electrostatic pull down (2005)

In this paper, a new way of actively tuning the resonant frequency of vibrating microelectromechanical devices by electrostatically adjusting the length of the resonating structure is explored. Variations in micromachining processes cause submicron differences in the size of fabricated micromachined devices, which lead to frequency variations in resonators. For radio frequency (RF) applications where high frequency selectivity and low noise frequency manipulation are key performance issues, micromachined resonators need to output a fixed frequency if they are to replace current off-chip, passive devices. This motivates the investigation of post-fabrication techniques that compensate for fabrication defects and errors, and shift the resonant frequency to its designed value. A simple universal analytical model has been developed to investigate the different states a cantilever undergoes during pull-in due to an applied voltage. The beam's natural frequencies throughout these states have been plotted. It is shown that the frequency can be changed by a factor of 4 during pull down, and thereafter increased proportionally with actuation provided an initial minimum voltage was applied.
Pervaporation separation of an aqueous organic mixture through a poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinylphosphonic acid) membrane (1999)

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based copolymers containing phosphonic acid moiety were synthesized for dehydration of aqueous pyridine solution. The in situ complex, formed between the vinylphosphonic acid (VP) moiety in the membrane and the pyridine in the feed, enhanced separation capacity of poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinylphosphonic acid) (PANVP) membranes. All the PAN-based membranes containing phosphonic acid were very selective toward water. The pervaporation performances of PANVP membranes depended on the content of the phosphonic acid moiety in the membrane and operating temperature. The pervaporation separation of water/pyridine mixtures using PANVP membranes exhibited over 99.8% water concentration in permeate and flux of 4–120 g/m2/h depending on the content of vinylphosphonic acid and operating temperature. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 83–89, 1999
P450-Dependent Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Angiotensin II–Induced Renal Damage (2002)

Transgenic rats overexpressing both human renin and angiotensinogen genes (dTGR) develop hypertension, inflammation, and renal failure. We tested the hypothesis that these pathological features are associated with changes in renal P450-dependent arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. Samples were prepared from 5- and 7-week-old dTGR and from normotensive Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, ie, before and after the dTGR developed severe hypertension and albuminuria. At both stages, dTGR showed significantly lower renal microsomal AA epoxygenase and hydroxylase activities that reached 63% and 76% of the control values at week 7. Furthermore, the protein levels of several potential AA epoxygenases (CYP2C11, CYP2C23, and CYP2J) were significantly reduced. Immunoinhibition studies identified CYP2C23 as the major AA epoxygenase, both in dTGR and SD rats. Immunohistochemistry showed that CYP2C23 was localized in cortical and outer medullary tubules that progressively lost this enzyme from week 5 to week 7 in dTGR. CYP2C11 expression occurred only in the outer medullary tubules and was markedly reduced in dTGR compared with age-matched SD rats. These findings indicate site-specific decreases in the availability of AA epoxygenase products in the kidney of dTGR. In contrast to renal microsomes, liver microsomes of dTGR and SD rats showed no change in the expression and activity of AA epoxygenases and hydroxylases. We conclude that hypertension and end-organ damage in dTGR is associated with kidney-specific downregulation of P450-dependent AA metabolism. Because the products of AA epoxygenation have anti-inflammatory properties, this alteration may contribute to uncontrolled renal inflammation, which is a major cause of renal damage in dTGR.
Uniform frequency images: adding geometry to images to produce space-efficient textures (2000)

Discusses the concept of uniform frequency images, which exhibit uniform local frequency properties. Such images make optimal use of space when sampled close to their Nyquist limit. A warping function may be applied to an arbitrary image to redistribute its local frequency content, reducing its highest frequencies and increasing its lowest frequencies in order to approach this uniform frequency ideal. The warped image may then be downsampled according to its new, reduced Nyquist limit, thereby reducing its storage requirements. To reconstruct the original image, the inverse warp is applied. We present a general, top-down algorithm to automatically generate a piecewise-linear warping function with this frequency balancing property for a given input image. The image size is reduced by applying the warp and then downsampling. We store this warped, downsampled image plus a small number of polygons with texture coordinates to describe the inverse warp. The original image is later reconstructed by rendering the associated polygons with the warped image applied as a texture map, a process which is easily accelerated by current graphics hardware. As compared to previous image compression techniques, we generate a similar graceful space-quality tradeoff with the advantage of being able to uncompress images during rendering. We report results for several images with sizes ranging from 15,000 to 300,000 pixels, achieving reduction rates of 70-90% with improved quality over downsampling alone.
11.2: Zenithal Bistable Device (ZBD™) Suitable for Portable Applications (2000)

Abstract Zenithal Bistable display devices have been made which are compatible in size and functionality with current mobile phone or pager displays. Radical improvements in the viewing characteristics particularly in reflective mode are shown. Furthermore this paper describes: low voltage operation; fast latching times; and broad‐margin matrix addressing.
The author responds (1994)

Rehabilitation Nursing Journal: March 1994 - Volume 19 - Issue 2 - p 120 doi: 10.1002/j.2048-7940.1994.tb01327.x
High performance extended drain MOSFETs (EDMOSFETs) with metal field plate (2003)

We propose a structure for extended drain MOSFETs (EDMOSFETs) with a metal field plate separated from the gate electrode instead of the polysilicon field plate in conventional LDMOSFETs. The specific on-resistance is improved by applying a higher voltage to the field plate than the gate voltage because of the enhanced conductivity modulation, and the breakdown voltage of 280 V is not changed by the field plate voltage. When a voltage of 50 V is applied to the field plate, the specific on-resistance of a 280 V EDMOSFET is 17.63 m/spl Omega/cm/sup 2/, which is lower than that of conventional LDMOSFETs by 11.8%. The performance of the EDMOSFETs is the best reported result in 280 V class lateral high voltage MOS devices.
Structural brain lesions in schizophrenia -magnetic resonance imaging on a mid field magnet (2006)

Abstract Objectives : The brain damage associated with schizophrenia has been established beyond doubt; however, what remains unexplored is the biological nature of transcultural variations. An important reason for this was the lack of mid and high field scanners in developing countries like India. Material and Methods : We undertook a pilot study using a 0.5 Tesla MRI scanner (General Electric Signa Contour) to explore identifiable structural brain lesions in ten randomly selected individuals with schizophrenia. Results: Nine of the ten participants in the series had structural brain changes. The most common findings were ventricular dilatation and prominent cerebral cortical sulci and cerebellar folia. Additionally non-focal white matter lesions were observed in three patients and small right hippocampus was noted in one participant. Conclusions : The study discusses that establishing structural brain lesions with mid field scanners is indeed feasible. The small study sample and heterogeneity of schizophrenia however made it difficult to establish any definite associations
[Uremic toxins]. (2003)

Uremic toxins are compounds which exert biological action and which are retained in the body of patients with renal failure, whereas they normally should be excreted by the healthy kidneys into the urine. Only few retention solutes conform with the strict definition of uremic toxins. Uremic solutes can be subdivided into small water soluble compounds, small protein bound compounds and middle molecules. Most small water soluble compounds are not very toxic and the toxic ones often show a kinetic behavior that is different from that of urea. The uremic solutes that play a role in inflammation and cardio-vascular complications most often are middle molecules and/or protein bound. Hence, once more, the current marker urea is not representative for their mechanistic behavior.
Phospho-Sulindac (OXT-328) Inhibits Dry Eye Disease in Rabbits: A Dose-, Formulation- and Structure-Dependent Effect (2021)

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Inflammation of the ocular surface is central to dry eye disease (DED). The anti-inflammatory agent phospho-sulindac (PS) at a high dose was efficacious against DED in a rabbit model. We assessed the dose, formulation and structure dependence of PS's effect. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In rabbits with concanavalin A-induced DED we evaluated a range of PS concentrations (0.05%-1.6%) and dosing frequencies, assessed the duration of its effect with PS in 2 solution formulations and one emulsion formulation, and compared the efficacy of PS to that of sulindac, and of the structurally similar phospho-ibuprofen amide. We determined tear breakup time (TBUT) (tear stability), Schirmer's tear test (tear production), and by esthesiometry corneal sensitivity (symptoms). We also determined the biodistribution in the eye of topically applied PS. <b><i>Results:</i></b> PS in a solution formulation, given as eye drops q.i.d. was efficacious starting at a dose of 0.1%. The effect was apparent after 2 days of treatment and lasted at least 8 days after the last dose. Both signs (evidenced by TBUT and Schirmer's test) and symptoms (measured by corneal sensitivity) improved significantly. The best formulation was the solution formulation; a cyclodextrin-based formulation was also successful but the emulsion formulation was not. PS and its metabolites were essentially restricted to the anterior chamber of the eye. Sulindac and phospho-ibuprofen amide had no efficacy on DED. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PS is efficacious against DED. Its effect, encompassing signs, and symptoms, are dose, formulation, and structure dependent. PS has therapeutic promise and merits further development.
The Dynamic Behavioral Model of RF Power Amplifiers With the Modified ANFIS (2008)

The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) has been widely used for modeling different kinds of nonlinear systems including RF power amplifiers (PAs). The modified ANFIS (MANFIS) architecture is simpler than that of ANFIS, but with nearly the same performance for modeling nonlinear systems. In this paper, the MANFIS is applied to model RF PAs with memory effects. The simulation and experimental results both in the time and frequency domains show that this model has good modeling accuracy and the characteristics of faster convergence and lower computational complexity compared with the ANFIS model. The normalized mean squared errors of the MANFIS model are slightly lower than those of some other neural network models such as the real-valued time delay neural network, radial basis-function neural network, etc. Finally, the MANFIS model is successfully used in a digital predistortion system, which can provide over 10- dB adjacent channel leakage ratio improvement for three-carrier wideband code division multiple access signals.
Security specification and enforcement in mediation system (2005)

Mediation techniques provide interoperability and support integrated query processing among heterogeneous databases. While such techniques help data sharing among different sources, they increase the risk for data security, such as violating access control rules. Successful protection of information by an effective access control mechanism is a basic requirement for interoperation among heterogeneous data sources. This dissertation first identified the challenges in the mediation system in order to achieve both interoperability and security in the interconnected and collaborative computing environment, which includes: (1) context-awareness, (2) semantic heterogeneity, and (3) multiple security policy specification. Currently few existing approaches address all three security challenges in mediation system. This dissertation provides a modeling and architectural solution to the problem of mediation security that addresses the aforementioned security challenges. A context-aware flexible authorization framework was developed in the dissertation to deal with security challenges faced by mediation system. The authorization framework consists of two major tasks, specifying security policies and enforcing security policies. Firstly, the security policy specification provides a generic and extensible method to model the security policies with respect to the challenges posed by the mediation system. The security policies in this study are specified by 5-tuples followed by a series of authorization constraints, which are identified based on the relationship of the different security components in the mediation system. Two essential features of mediation systems, i. e., relationship among authorization components and interoperability among heterogeneous data sources, are the focus of this investigation. Secondly, this dissertation supports effective access control on mediation systems while providing uniform access for heterogeneous data sources. The dynamic security constraints are handled in the authorization phase instead of the authentication phase, thus the maintenance cost of security specification can be reduced compared with related solutions.