gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semantic Web Services in Factory Automation: Fundamental Insights and Research Roadmap (2006)

One of the significant challenges for current and future manufacturing systems is that of providing rapid reconfigurability in order to evolve and adapt to mass customization. This challenge is aggravated if new types of processes and components are introduced, as existing components are expected to interact with the novel entities but have no previous knowledge on how to collaborate. This statement not only applies to innovative processes and devices, but is also due to the impossibility to incorporate knowledge in a single device about all types of available system components. This paper proposes the use of Semantic Web Services in order to overcome this challenge. The use of ontologies and explicit semantics enable performing logical reasoning to infer sufficient knowledge on the classification of processes that machines offer, and on how to execute and compose those processes to carry out manufacturing orchestration autonomously. A series of motivating utilization scenarios are illustrated, and a research roadmap is presented.
Casein Kinase II Motif-Dependent Phosphorylation of Human Papillomavirus E7 Protein Promotes p130 Degradation and S-Phase Induction in Differentiated Human Keratinocytes (2008)

The E7 proteins of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) promote S-phase reentry in differentiated keratinocytes of the squamous epithelia to support viral DNA amplification. In this study, we showed that nuclear p130 was present in the differentiated strata of several native squamous epithelia susceptible to HPV infection. In contrast, p130 was below the level of detection in HPV-infected patient specimens. In submerged and organotypic cultures of primary human keratinocytes, the E7 proteins of the high-risk mucosotrophic HPV-18, the benign cutaneous HPV-1, and, to a lesser extent, the low-risk mucosotropic HPV-11 destabilized p130. This E7 activity depends on an intact pocket protein binding domain and a casein kinase II (CKII) phosphorylation motif. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that both E7 domains were important for binding to p130 in extracts of organotypic cultures. Metabolic labeling in vivo demonstrated that E7 proteins were indeed phosphorylated in a CKII motif-dependent manner. Moreover, the efficiencies of the E7 proteins of various HPV types or mutations to induce S-phase reentry in spinous cells correlated with their relative abilities to bind and to destabilize p130. Collectively, these data support the notion that p130 controls the homeostasis of the differentiated keratinocytes and is therefore targeted by E7 for degradation to establish conditions permissive for viral DNA amplification.
GDP-fucose:GM<sub>1</sub> α→2fucosyltransferase is activated in pare nchymal cells of rat liver during early stages of <i>N</i>-2-acetylaminofluorene induced hepatocarcinogenesis (1990)

Journal Article GDP-fucose:GM1 α→2fucosyltransferase is activated in pare nchymal cells of rat liver during early stages of N-2-acetylaminofluorene induced hepatocarcinogenesis Get access Eric H. Holmes Eric H. Holmes Pacific Northwest Research Foundation720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Carcinogenesis, Volume 11, Issue 1, January 1990, Pages 89–94, https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/11.1.89 Published: 01 January 1990 Article history Received: 03 July 1989 Revision received: 10 October 1989 Accepted: 11 October 1989 Published: 01 January 1990
Identifying social attitudes and barriers to water conservation - a community water survey (2007)

In 2003, Eurobodalla Shire Council adopted its Integrated Water Cycle Management Strategy (IWCMS), which suggested that appropriate levels of Demand Management could be achieved through targeted customer rebate and community education programs. Whilst various education and incentive programs targeting water conservation had been previously run, it was felt they lacked a “documented” strategic approach, adequate monitoring and evaluation and any detailed knowledge of local people’s attitudes to and the level of uptake in the Community of various water saving devices. Council therefore undertook a Community Water Survey in 2006. The survey was designed to identify the residential community’s awareness of water conservation issues, the level of adoption of various water conservation practices throughout the home and garden and the barriers preventing the uptake of any practices. This information can then be used to increase the effectiveness of any future education or incentive programs by ensuring they always target the most appropriate audience and message. This paper outlines the approach taken to undertaking the survey and then discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the survey and the survey’s key findings which have implications for people designing community programs targeting various aspects of water conservation, including rainwater tanks.
Pinhole hologram and its applications (1989)

We propose the use of a pinhole-camera approach to make holograms. On recording the object beam passes through a pinhole, forming an image plane hologram, but on reconstruction the pinhole can be taken away. The reconstructed image can be programmed and processed by using optical information-processing elements placed in the position of the reconstructed pinhole or pinholes. Pinhole holography can also suppress intermodulation effects. We present brief theoretical considerations and experimental results for pinhole holograms produced for programmable holographic optical interconnects.
Kinetics and mechanism of ninhydrin reaction with copper(II) complexes of glycine and α‐alanine. Elucidation of the template mechanism (1993)

Abstract Ninhydrin has been found to react with Cu(glycine) + and Cu(alanine) + in the ratio of 1:1. The kinetic studies of the reaction were carried out at different concentrations of the reactants at 80°C (pH = 5.0). The reaction proceeds through the formation of a ternary labile complex of ninhydrin with Cu(II) complexes of glycine and alanine. The kinetics were found to follow pseudo‐first‐order reaction path with respect to Cu(II)‐complex in presence of excess [Ninhydrin]. Formation of a ternary labile complex indicates a template reaction mechanism based on the reactions with coordinated ligands. The variation of pseudo‐first‐order rate constants with [ninhydrin] was found to be in good agreement with equation where B 1 and B 2 are the unknown empirical parameters. The [acetate ion] has no significant effect on the rate constants. On the basis of observed data a probable mechanism has been proposed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Domain Interactions of the Peripheral Preprotein <i>Translocase</i> Subunit SecA (1996)

The homodimeric SecA protein is the peripheral subunit of the preprotein translocase in bacteria. It binds the preprotein and promotes its translocation across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane by nucleotide modulated coinsertion and deinsertion into the membrane. SecA has two essential nucleotide binding sites (NBS; Mitchell & Oliver, 1993): The high-affinity NBS-I resides in the amino-terminal domain of the protein, and the low-affinity NBS-II is localized at 2/3 of the protein sequence. The nucleotide-bound states of soluble SecA were studied by site directed tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy, tryptic digestion, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic light scattering. A nucleotide-induced conformational change of a carboxy-terminal domain of SecA was revealed by Trp fluorescence spectroscopy. The Trp fluorescence of a single Trp SecA mutant containing Trp775 decreased and increased upon the addition of NBS-I saturating concentrations of ADP or AMP-PNP, respectively. DSC measurements revealed that SecA unfolds as a two domain protein. Binding of ADP to NBS-I increased the interaction between the two domains whereas binding of AMP-PNP did not influence this interaction. When both NBS-I and NBS-II are bound by ADP, SecA seems to have a more compact globular conformation whereas binding of AMP-PNP seems to cause a more extended conformation. It is suggested that the compact ADP-bound conformation resembles the membrane deinserted state of SecA, while the more extended ATP-bound conformation may correspond to the membrane inserted form of SecA.
Sorting of Bacteria (1999)

This unit provides detailed instructions for the sorting of organisms using the cell sorter. These techniques are very valuable for establishing pure cultures of organisms, for example those expressing GFP. The unit provides information on the culture, sorting, reculture, and verification of the sort purity and GFP expression. For those venturing into the area of bacterial sorting, this unit is a must.
Evaluation of polymer film enclosures as protective barriers for commodities from exposure to structural fumigants (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluation of polymer film enclosures as protective barriers for commodities from exposure to structural fumigantsRudolf H. Scheffrahn, Ruei Ching Hsu, and Nan Yao SuCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1990, 38, 3, 904–908Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00093a067https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00093a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intelligent Mission Adaptive Controller (IMAC) (2003)

The Intelligent Mission Adaptive Controller research program is investigating distributed artificial intelligent and adaptive neural system technologies for application in active electronic-countermeasure resource management. The threat environment for tactical and strategic aircraft requires the system to handle numerous fast-reacting, sometimes agile systems which vary in function from acquisition to weapons guidance. IMAC is an attempt to capture and demonstrate the important concepts of an ECM resource manager. It deals with the tradeoffs between ECM effectiveness, system costs, and near- and far-term survivability. Preliminary results show that a spreadsheet format for acquiring threat/threat-response information is superior to decision-tree and fuzzy-cognitive-map formats. Capturing complex correlations is found to be the key problem for which a good knowledge-representation scheme is essential.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bentonite, Bandaids, and Borborygmi (2009)

The practice of eating clay for gastrointestinal ailments and applying clay topically as bandaids for skin infections is as old as mankind. Bentonites in particular have been used in traditional medicines, where their function has been established empirically. With modern techniques for nanoscale investigations, we are now exploring the interactions of clay minerals and human pathogens to learn the lessons that Mother Nature has used for healing. The vast surface area and chemical variability of hydrothermally altered bentonites may provide a natural pharmacy of antibacterial agents.
European reference method of<i>in vivo</i>determination of metabolisable energy in poultry: Reproducibility, effect of age, comparison with predicted values (1990)

1. Apparent metabolisable energy corrected to zero-nitrogen retention (AMEn) was measured using the European reference procedure in 9 European laboratories. Seven pelleted diets were evaluated. AMEn was measured with adult cockerels and young birds. 2. Between-laboratory standard deviations were for dry matter (DM) 12.5 g/kg, gross energy 0.085 MJ/kg DM, Kjeldahl nitrogen 0.768 g/kg DM, AMEn (adults) 0.256 MJ/kg DM, and AMEn (young) 0.337 MJ/kg DM. Corresponding coefficients of variation between laboratories were 1.42, 0.45, 2.15, 1.88 and 2.60% respectively. 3. AMEn values of experimental diets were always significantly lower when measured with young birds. This effect was more pronounced when diets contained added fat. 4. Tallow or soyabean oil were incorporated into two basal diets at 40 g/kg inclusion rate. No significant differences were observed between AMEn values of either diet with adults or young birds, suggesting that AMEn energy values of these fats are indistinguishable at this inclusion rate. 5. Similar AMEn values were obtained in young birds by estimating nitrogen accretion, either by the difference between intake and excreta nitrogen or by measuring body weight gain. Determined AMEn values were very similar to those predicted using three different regression equations.
University of North Carolina Caries Risk Assessment Study: comparisons of High Risk Prediction, Any Risk Prediction, and Any Risk Biologic models (1992)

The purpose of this analysis is to compare three different statistical models for predicting children likely to be at risk of developing dental caries over a 3-yr period. Data are based on 4117 children who participated in the University of North Carolina Caries Risk Assessment Study, a longitudinal study conducted in the Aiken, South Carolina, and Portland, Maine areas. The three models differed with respect to either the types of variables included or the definition of disease outcome. The two "Prediction" models included both risk factor variables thought to cause dental caries and indicator variables that are associated with dental caries, but are not thought to be causal for the disease. The "Etiologic" model included only etiologic factors as variables. A dichotomous outcome measure--none or any 3-yr increment, was used in the "Any Risk Etiologic model" and the "Any Risk Prediction Model". Another outcome, based on a gradient measure of disease, was used in the "High Risk Prediction Model". The variables that are significant in these models vary across grades and sites, but are more consistent among the Etiologic model than the Predictor models. However, among the three sets of models, the Any Risk Prediction Models have the highest sensitivity and positive predictive values, whereas the High Risk Prediction Models have the highest specificity and negative predictive values. Considerations in determining model preference are discussed.
Identification of classical anaphylatoxin as the des-Arg form of the C5a molecule: Evidence of a modulator role for the oligosaccharide unit in human des-Arg <sup>74</sup> -C5a (1981)

A functionally active and potentially lethal fragment of the fifth component of complement (C5) is generated during complement activation in serum from animals of various species. This factor, termed the "classical" anaphylatoxin, was isolated from porcine serum and was identified chemically as the des-Arg derivative of the well-characterized C5a molecule. Unlike the C3a and C4a anaphylatoxins, porcine C5a does not require the COOH-terminal arginyl residue for spasmogenic activity. Further degradation of porcine des-Arg(74)-C5a by carboxypeptidase Y removed glycine-73 and leucine-72 and decreased the intrinsic spasmogenic activity by >90%. Hence, we conclude that, although the arginyl residue is not essential, the COOH-terminal sequence Leu-Gly-Arg contributes structural information that accounts for >90% of C5a activity. Human des-Arg(74)-C5a, like its porcine counterpart, has instrinsic anaphylatoxin activity; however, higher concentrations were needed to contract the guinea pig ileal tissue (i.e., 1 muM for human des-Arg(74)-C5a versus 1 nM for porcine des-Arg(74)-C5a). Furthermore, the des-Arg form of human C5a was only 0.1% as active as porcine des-Arg(74)-C5a for enhancing vascular permeability in guinea pig skin. In addition to these biological differences, numerous chemical differences exist between the human and porcine des-Arg(74)-C5a molecules, the most prominent feature being an oligosaccharide entity associated uniquely with the human C5a. When the oligosaccharide unit of human des-Arg(74)-C5a was removed by glycosidases, leaving a single glucosamine residue attached to the side chain of asparagine-64, activity was enhanced. The human des-Arg(74)-C5a molecule devoid of the complex oligosaccharide unit exhibited 10-fold stronger spasmogenic activity and 20- to 50-fold greater permeability-enhancing activity than did human des-Arg(74)-C5a containing the oligosaccharide. Consequently, the oligosaccharide associated with human C5a modulates or suppresses potentially harmful activities of this anaphylatoxin. The relatively high levels of spasmogenic activity associated with porcine des-Arg(74)-C5a indicate that this factor is poorly controlled by endogenous serum carboxypeptidase, whereas human C5a is virtually inactivated by the enzyme. Hence, the influence of this oligosaccharide in suppressing human des-Arg(74)-C5a activity is of major physiologic importance in protecting man from potentially toxic effects of this complement factor.
XPS O 1s binding energies for polymers containing hydroxyl, ether, ketone and ester groups (1991)

Abstract XPS spectra of nine model polymers containing oxygen functional groups are studied. The measured O 1s binding energies were 532.8 eV for ether and alcohol oxgens, 532.2 eV for ketone oxygens and 532.2 and 533.7 eV for the carbonyl‐ and ether‐type oxygens in ester groups, respectively. Comparison with previous experimental and theoretical O 1s binding energies for these groups is also presented. Absolute O Is binding energies of polymers are not in agreement with those published by other groups. However, with the exception of ketone oxygens, binding energy shifts observed for the various functional groups are comparable.
On the performance of distributed space-time coding systems with one and two non-regenerative relays (2006)

Spatial diversity can be induced by using wireless relay stations, which cooperate by amplifying and retransmitting the information received from a source to a destination station. In this context we propose a distributed space-time coding (DSTC) system based on the Alamouti codes. We characterize the symbol error rate of systems with one and two non-regenerative relays using bounds and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) approximations. The asymptotic (high SNR) symbol error probability formulas are used to optimize the power allocation in the DSTC system. Furthermore, using the asymptotic symbol error probability formulas we argue that the DSTC system has at least 1.5 times the diversity achieved by point-to-point transmissions with the same bandwidth. Simulations show not only that the DSTC outperforms the amplify-and-forward cooperative system with orthogonal transmissions, but also convolutional encoded one-hop transmissions with the same information rate as the DSTC system. Assuming full channel knowledge at the source and the relays, we find an optimum cooperative system by minimizing the bit error rate of the DSTC system with one and two non-regenerative relays subject to fixed transmit energy constraints at each radio. Numerical results show that the DSTC system with two relays performs very close to the optimum cooperative system.
High speed SiGe/Si optical modulator (2005)

A modulation-doped SiGe/Si multiple quantum well modulator (MD-MQW) embedded in a reverse biased PIN junction and integrated in a SOI waveguide is described. Experimental evidence of electrorefractive effect is reported and frequency operation is investigated.
Drawing Effect on Thermal Properties of High-Strength Polyethylene Fibers (1998)

The thermal conductivity κ and thermal diffusivity α of high-strength polyethylene fibers, Dyneema TM , with various draw ratios were measured from 10 K to 260 K. κ and α increased with increasing draw ratio and α was nearly proportional to the square root of the tensile modulus E of the fiber. The estimated phonon mean free path l (40–60 Å) was almost temperature independent. Boundarylike scattering due to characteristic microstructures with comparable size to l may effectively limit the thermal conduction in these fibers.
A Fast 3-mm Ferrite Switch (Correspondence) (1971)

A tetrahedral waveguide junction type of switch has been developed for use in the millimeter region. The design employs a permanent magnet such that the switch operates in the transmission state without any external dc power. By applying a current pulse it switches from the transmission state to the reflective state in 400 ns and back to the transmission state in less than 200 ns. Over the frequency range of 95.5 to 97.2 GHz the switch exhibits a maximum insertion loss of 1.0 dB and a minimum isolation of 25 dB.
Sub-10 nanometre fabrication: molecular templating, electron-beam sculpting and crystallization of metallic nanowires (2005)

Homogeneous metallic nanowires with diameters below 10 nm are produced by sputter coating suspended DNA molecules and/or carbon nanotubes. A fabrication method is described that allows 'e-beam nanosculpting', i.e. local modification of the shape of nanowires, with a resolution of ~3 nm. The process is performed with a focused electron beam (e-beam) in a transmission electron microscope, under direct visual control. We also demonstrate that e-beam radiation can induce local crystallization of nanowires. This method could be used to fabricate novel electronic devices, e.g. single-electron tunnelling transistors, with dimensions below 10 nm, possibly operating at room temperature.
Activation of Mps1 Promotes Transforming Growth Factor-β-independent Smad Signaling (2007)

The primary intracellular mediators of TGF-beta signaling are the Smad proteins. Phosphorylation of R-Smad at the C-terminal SSXS motif by the activated TGF-beta type I receptor kinase triggers a conformation change in R-Smad and facilitates complex formation between R-Smad and Smad4, which shuttle into the nucleus where they interact with DNA and other transcription factors to regulate gene expression. In an attempt to identify proteins interacting with activated Smad signaling complex, we discovered that Mps1, a protein kinase that plays important roles in normal mitotic progression and mitotic checkpoint signaling, co-purifies with this complex. We demonstrated that Smad2 and Smad3 but not Smad4 are substrates of Mps1 in vitro and in vivo. Mps1 phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3 at the SSXS motif in their C-terminal regions in vitro and in vivo. Disruption of microtubule networks by nocodazole activates Mps1 and promotes TGF-beta-independent activation of Smad signaling. We found that Mps1 is involved in turning on Smad signaling by phosphorylating R-Smads. Our results reveal a novel functional link between Mps1 and Smads in a non-canonical Smad signaling pathway.