gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence for in vivo expression of transferrin-binding proteins in Haemophilus influenzae type b (1992)

Haemophilus influenzae type b acquires transferrin-bound iron via a siderophore-independent mechanism involving direct contact between the human iron-binding glycoprotein and the bacterial cell surface. Evidence has accumulated to show that the transferrin receptor consists of at least two iron-regulated outer membrane transferrin-binding proteins (TBPs), of which one has a molecular mass of around 100 kDa (TBP1) and the other has a molecular mass of 60 to 90 kDa (TBP2). In H. influenzae type b strain Eagan, proteins of 76, 90, and 107 kDa appear to be involved in transferrin binding. To determine whether these TBPs are expressed during growth in vivo, strain Eagan was recovered without subculture from the intraperitoneal cavities of infected infant rats. By using a dot blot assay, outer membranes prepared from these in vivo-grown bacteria, unlike those grown in iron-sufficient broth, bound human transferrin and produced the 76-, 90-, and 107-kDa TBPs. Immunoblotting experiments using convalescent sera from infected rats also revealed the presence of antibodies to the 76- and 90-kDa strain Eagan TBPs. In addition, convalescent sera from three of four patients recovering from H. influenzae type b meningitis contained antibodies to the 90- and 105-kDa TBPs of the corresponding infecting strain. Furthermore, fresh clinical isolates of H. influenzae type b recovered from blood and cerebrospinal fluid showed constitutive expression of the TBPs, which became iron regulated only after prolonged in vitro subculture on iron-sufficient medium. This contrasted with the laboratory-adapted Eagan strain, in which the TBPs remained iron regulated even after animal passage. These findings indicate that the H. influenzae type b transferrin receptor is expressed during experimental animal and human infections.
The metal-ion-dependent adhesion site in the Von Willebrand factor-A domain of α <sub>2</sub> δ subunits is key to trafficking voltage-gated Ca <sup>2</sup> + channels (2005)

All auxiliary alpha2delta subunits of voltage-gated Ca2+ (Ca(V)) channels contain an extracellular Von Willebrand factor-A (VWA) domain that, in alpha2delta-1 and -2, has a perfect metal-ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS). Modeling of the alpha2delta-2 VWA domain shows it to be highly likely to bind a divalent cation. Mutating the three key MIDAS residues responsible for divalent cation binding resulted in a MIDAS mutant alpha2delta-2 subunit that was still processed and trafficked normally when it was expressed alone. However, unlike WT alpha2delta-2, the MIDAS mutant alpha2delta-2 subunit did not enhance and, in some cases, further diminished Ca(V)1.2, -2.1, and -2.2 currents coexpressed with beta1b by using either Ba2+ or Na+ as a permeant ion. Furthermore, expression of the MIDAS mutant alpha2delta-2 reduced surface expression and strongly increased the perinuclear retention of Ca(V)alpha1 subunits at the earliest time at which expression was observed in both Cos-7 and NG108-15 cells. Despite the presence of endogenous alpha2delta subunits, heterologous expression of alpha2delta-2 in differentiated NG108-15 cells further enhanced the endogenous high-threshold Ca2+ currents, whereas this enhancement was prevented by the MIDAS mutations. Our results indicate that alpha2delta subunits normally interact with the Ca(V)alpha1 subunit early in their maturation, before the appearance of functional plasma membrane channels, and an intact MIDAS motif in the alpha2delta subunit is required to promote trafficking of the alpha1 subunit to the plasma membrane by an integrin-like switch. This finding provides evidence for a primary role of a VWA domain in intracellular trafficking of a multimeric complex, in contrast to the more usual roles in binding extracellular ligands in other exofacial VWA domains.
Resonance Scattering of Slow Electrons from<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>and CO Angular Distributions (1968)

Energy and angular dependences of the elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons from ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ and CO have been measured in the energy range from 0.5 eV to 10 eV and for scattering angles ranging from 5 to 110\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. The elastic cross sections are composed of potential and resonance scattering and therefore are difficult to interpret. The excitation of molecular vibrations, i.e., scattering into inelastic channels, contains predominant contributions from short-lived negative ion compound states. The qualitative agreement of the measured angular dependence with that predicted from pure resonant scattering considerations is shown to be able to fix certain symmetry quantum numbers of the molecular state. Moreover, characteristic and similar $\ensuremath{\sigma}\ensuremath{-}, \ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{-}, \ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{-}\dots{}$ type angular dependences throughout the whole energy range of the molecular resonance (independent of the final vibrational state) are presented as a means of verifying the presence of a resonance, even when the short lifetime masks the usually characteristic resonant peaks. The half-width of the ${\mathrm{CO}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\ensuremath{\pi}$ state is about 0.4 eV, that for ${{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}^{\ensuremath{-}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}$ between 2 and 4 eV. Absolute total cross sections for the different inelastic channels are given. The resonances of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$, CO, and ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ are compared with the predictions of the single-particle-shape resonance model and their physical properties are discussed using the different potential energy terms at large distances between the additional electron and the molecule. Throughout, stress is laid on the importance of choosing the proper experiment (i.e., exit channel) when one wishes to study a resonance. Predictably, in using angular dependence, certain channels hide and others exhibit the presence of the resonance.
Shape Optimization of Oldham Coupling in Scroll Compressor (2004)

The Oldham coupling generally used to prevent the relative motion between orbiting and fixed scroll in scroll compressor applications. Keys of the Oldham coupling take the loads exerted by the orbiting scroll, so as to prevent the rotation of the orbiting scroll. The loads exerted by the orbiting scroll cause the wear on the keys and the vibration which brings about the noise level increase. The excessive wear causes the rotation of the orbiting scroll, resulting in the leakage of the refrigerant gas through the radial clearance. The reduction of the loads on the Oldham coupling keys is a challenging issue for most of the scroll machine design engineers. In order to realize it, consideration was taken for two approaches. One is the weight reduction of the Oldham coupling. The other is the extension of the distance between the confronting Oldham coupling keys. The magnitude of the averaged load exerted on each Oldham coupling key may be reduced through the second approach. In this study the first method is taken into account. This method decreases the magnitude of the fluctuation of the Oldham coupling key loads. The shape optimization of the Oldham coupling can realize the growth of its strength, resulting in the reduction of its mass. This approach helps to reduce the cost and the vibration, and to raise the efficiency and the reliability. The result shows that the maximum Mises stress is reduced to 10.8% and the maximum deformation is decreased to 6.8% with 59.8% of the mass, even without a consideration of the reduction of key loads due to smaller mass.
Synthesis of poly(anthracene-2,6-diyl) and a copolymer containing alternately anthracene-2,6-diyl and p-phenylene units (1997)

P. Hodge, G. A. Power and M. A. Rabjohns, Chem. Commun., 1997, 73 DOI: 10.1039/A607405G
Oxygen Carriers (“Blood Substitutes”)Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some Physiology<i>Blut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft</i> (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen Carriers ("Blood Substitutes")Raison d'Etre, Chemistry, and Some Physiology Blut ist ein ganz besondrer Saft 1Jean G. RiessView Author Information MRI Institute, University of California at San Diego, CA 92103 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2001, 101, 9, 2797–2920Publication Date (Web):September 12, 2001Publication History Received21 December 2000Published online12 September 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr970143chttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr970143cresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6496Altmetric-Citations672LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anatomy,Emulsions,Peptides and proteins,Polymerization,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Electromagnetic wiggler technology development at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (1988)

As a part of the program in induction-linac free-electron laser research, the authors summarize the Laboratory's work in a variety of activities addressing the requirements imposed on wiggler systems. The development of improved designs is reported for DC iron-core electromagnetic wigglers to attain higher peak fields, greater tunability, and lower random-error levels. Specialized control systems are noted (such as magnetic-field and beam-position controllers) that can relax requirements on the wiggler itself. Basic studies to establish the effect of radiation on permanent magnets are also discussed briefly.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Study on Forging Ahead Strategy of Developing Country from the Perspective of Comparative Advantage (2009)

New trade theory, which is the representative of the contemporary comparative advantage theory, has become the mainstream trade theory, but the theory is developed in the country whose market economy is relative developed, and therefore it has not analyzed problems from the perspective of developing countries. New trade theory reveals the positive role that technology plays in trade, but it does not discuss how the developing country should do to realize catching up and surpassing by using technology and it does not give the instruction on how the developing countries can skip comparative benefit trap. From the perspective of comparative advantage, this paper establishes the game models between developed countries and between developed and developing countries, and points out that the developing countries can’t narrow the gap with the developed countries and achieve national economy takeoff until they implement the Forging Ahead Strategy. Key words: comparative advantage, forging ahead strategy, Game Resume: La nouvelle theorie du commerce, qui est representative de la theorie de l’avantage comparatif contemporaine, est devenue la tendance generale de la theorie commerciale. Mais cette theorie est developpee dans des pays dont l’economie de marche est relativement developpee, et ainsi elle n’a pas analyse les problemes sous l’angle des pays en developpement. La nouvelle theorie du commerce revele le role positif de la technologie dans le commerce, mais elle ne discute pas comment les pays en developpement doivent faire pour rattraper et surpasser avec l’aide de la technologie, et elle ne donne pas non plus l’instruction sur comment les pays en developpement peuvent eviter le piege de benefice comparatif. Dans la perspective de l’avantage comparatif, le present article etablit des modeles de jeu entre les pays developpes et les pays en developpement, et indique que les pays en developpement ne peuvent raccourcir l’ecart avec les pays developpes et accomplir l’essor de l’economie nationale que s’ils mettent en oeuvre la Strategie d’aller de l’avant. Mots-Cles: avantage comparatif, strategie d’aller de l’avant, jeu
State of the Art of Superalloy Production for Aerospace and Other Application Using VIM/VAR or VIM/ESR. (1992)

Vacuum induction melting is indispensable in the manufacture of Ni-and Co-basedsuperalloys and other sophisticated alloys because of their reactivity with atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen. The paper describes the technology of melting and refining in a vacuum induction furnace, the programmablefurnace control and metallurgical results. The paper also describes subsequent remelting processes like VAR and ESRwhich make it possible to meet the very high quality requirements for aerospace applications.
Optimization of Quantization Levels for Quantize-and-Forward Relaying with QAM Signaling (2018)

This paper investigates the uplink coordinated multiple point (CoMP) reception with quantize-and-forward (QF) relaying. In this relaying system, two relay nodes directly quantize the received symbols to integer numbers based on modulo-lattice and parallelly forward these numbers to the destination via optical fiber. In order to reduce the traffic load of optical fiber without sacrificing CoMP gain, we propose an optimization strategy from the viewpoint of mutual information which adaptively controls the quantization level at the relay nodes. We have demonstrated that the proposed optimization is capable of helping the system achieve high throughput and low traffic load of optical fiber at the same time by computer simulations.
The effect of intrathymic injection of donor blood on the graft versus host reaction and cardiac allograft survival in the rat (1991)

Our previous paper reported that it was difficult to induce tolerance using donor specific transfusion (DST) in Lewis rats, while in DA and PVG rats it was possible to induce tolerance using DST. In this paper we investigated the effects of DST in a local graft versus host reaction (GVHR) model using these rat strains. The following results were obtained: (i) DST suppressed the GVHR in the DA rat but not in the Lewis rat; (ii) DST did not suppress GVHR in PVG rat strain, but lymphocytes, prepared from the PVG rats that were tolerant of Lewis heart grafts induced by DST, could suppress the the GVHR; and (iii) in Lewis rats, intrathymic injection of whole blood suppressed the GVHR, suggesting this route of antigen delivery might be effective in prolonging allograft survival. Cardiac allograft survival in this strain was prolonged in some cases after pretreatment with intrathymic donor whole blood. These results suggest the value of the GVHR in the assessment of new protocols to induce allograft tolerance in rats.
Multi-Application Authentication based on Multi-Agent System (2007)

Abstract — This paper proposes an authentication approach to support multi-clients in using a multi-application based environment. The approach is primarily based on the public key infrastructure (PKI) authentication scheme and the multi-agent technique. A key pair and a certificate issued by the Certification Authority (CA) are normally kept in a smart card or a token in order to enforce two-factor authentication. Both key pair and certificate are deployed to encrypt/decrypt electronic data or transaction, or sign/authenticate the sender and the recipient. We apply the Single Sign-On (SSO) and the Multi-Agent System (MAS) concepts to facilitate the authentication and the authorization process in order to work with multi-applications and multi-clients more dynamically and efficiently. The agent system functions when each client requests to sign on and it is responsible for validating a client certificate, granting an access role to the client, and controlling a concurrent use of applications. security level of the information and application depends on the value in the business context. The security mechanism may be developed both at network level and at application level. Currently, the Single Sign-On concept has been adopted to supply the security system to be more feasible and efficient for managing the exposure of the number of users in distributed system environment. However, the key role for multiapplications and multiusers authentication with the high trustworthy are not fullly addressed by SSO system. Apparently, PKI is recognized as a powerful technique to satisfy the security services including confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. The PKI is thus mostly adopted as a trust model for embedding in messaging environment.
3D product presentation online (1998)

VRML offers a high potential for product presentation: Instead of regarding flat, static, pictures, configurable and animated 3D models embedded in entertaining environments provide a new way of product presentation. But seriously using VRML for this application domain, means facing several challenges. We discuss these issues, by using the Virtual Design Exhibition as a showcase. In this exhibition seven interior design companies show products, with high aesthetic quality. We discuss how these aesthetics influence the VRML presentation and give some guidelines resulting from our experience.
Human Interface Hardware for Virtual Laparoscopic Surgery (1995)

Among the most technically viable and economically feasible applications of virtual reality technology is the simulation of minimally invasive medical procedures such as Laparoscopic and Endoscopic surgery. From procedure planning to medical training, such virtual reality simulations have generated much interest from both the research and industrial communities. Although there is significant development activity in the area of virtual simulation of Laparoscopic and Endoscopic procedures, this work is often hindered when researchers find that no off-the-shelf tools satisfy the human interface requirements of virtual reality surgical simulations. The Virtual Laparoscopic lnterface&trade; is a new product from Immersion Corporation which provides an easy to integrate, off-the-shelf solution to the human interface requirements associated with simulating Laparoscopic and Endoscopic surgical procedures. Although only a single component of a full virtual simulation environment, this piece of hardware provides an affordable and easy to integrate solution to simulating and tracking the manual activities associated with minimally invasive medical procedures. Two commercial versions of the hardware are available. One is solely a human input device, tracking manipulations of real surgical tools mounted in a virtual patient. The hardware feeds tool position and tool orientation information to the host computer. The second is both an input and output device, tracking manipulations of the surgical tools while also providing realistic force feedback to the user through the tool handle.
A reconfigurable dual output low power digital PWM power converter (1998)

Most work to date on power reduction has focused at the component level, not at the system level. In this paper, we propose a framework for describing the power behavior of system-level designs. The model consists of a set of resources, an environmental workload specification, and a power management policy, which serves as the heart of the system model. We map this model to a simulation-based framework to obtain an estimate of the system's power dissipation. Accompanying this, we propose an algorithm to optimize power management policies. The optimization algorithm can be used in a tight loop with the estimation engine to derive new power-management policy algorithms for a given system-level description. We tested our approach by applying it to a real-life low-power portable design, achieving a power estimation accuracy of ∼10%, and a 23% reduction in power after policy optimization.
Evidence that sequence-independent binding of highly conserved U2 snRNP proteins upstream of the branch site is required for assembly of spliceosomal complex A. (1996)

A critical step in the pre-mRNA splicing reaction is the stable binding of U2 snRNP to the branchpoint sequence (BPS) to form the A complex. The multimeric U2 snRNP protein complexes SF3a and SF3b are required for A complex assembly, but their specific roles in this process are not known. Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologs of all of the SF3a, but none of the SF3b, subunits have been identified. Here we report the isolation of a cDNA encoding the mammalian SF3b subunit SAP 145 and the identification of its probable yeast homolog (29% identity). This first indication that the homology between yeast and metazoan A complex proteins can be extended to SF3b adds strong new evidence that the mechanism of A complex assembly is highly conserved. To investigate this mechanism in the mammalian system we analyzed proteins that cross-link to 32P-site-specifically labeled pre-mRNA in the A complex. This analysis revealed that SAP 145, together with four other SF3a/SF3b subunits, UV cross-links to pre-mRNA in a 20-nucleotide region upstream of the BPS. Mutation of this region, which we have designated the anchoring site, has no apparent effect on U2 snRNP binding. In contrast, when a 2'O methyl oligonucleotide complementary to the anchoring site is added to the spliceosome assembly reaction, A complex assembly and cross-linking of the SF3a/SF3b subunits are blocked. These data indicate that sequence-independent binding of the highly conserved SF3a/SF3b subunits upstream of the branch site is essential for anchoring U2 snRNP to pre-mRNA.
Magnetic-amplifier-operated ink recorders (1958)

The purpose of this paper is twofold. It is intended to describe in a summarizing way the specific properties of magnetic amplifiers with regard to instrumentation. It is also particularly concerned with the application of self-balancing magnetic-amplifier techniques in the realm of moving-coil ink recorders and ink oscillographs.
IPS Observations at Miyun Station, BAO (2001)

Abstract IPS observations have recently begun at Miyun Station, Beijing Astronomical Observatory. This paper briefly describes the radio telescope at Miyun Station, discusses the observation and the data reduction procedures, and presents the preliminary results of observations on IPS source 3C48.
Effects of Chemical Modification on in Vitro Rate and Extent of Food Starch Digestion:  An Attempt To Discover a Slowly Digested Starch (1999)

Differences in glycemic and insulinemic responses to dietary starch are directly related to the rate of starch digestion. Chemical modification of starch may allow for the production of a slowly digested starch that could be used for the treatment of certain medical modalities. An in vitro method was utilized to evaluate the effects of chemical modification on the rate and extent of raw and cooked starch digestion. The extent of starch digestion was significantly reduced by dextrinization, etherification, and oxidation. However, the rate of starch digestion was not significantly affected by chemical modification. For most modified starches, as the degree of modification increased, the extent of digestion decreased, suggesting an increase in the amount of resistant starch. The results of this study suggest that chemically modified starch has a metabolizable energy value of <16.7 kJ/g. Chemically modified starch ingredients may serve as a good source of resistant starch in human and animal diets.