gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functorial Data Migration (2010)

In this paper we present a simple database definition language: that of categories and functors. A database schema is a small category and an instance is a set-valued functor on it. We show that morphisms of schemas induce three "data migration functors", which translate instances from one schema to the other in canonical ways. These functors parameterize projections, unions, and joins over all tables simultaneously and can be used in place of conjunctive and disjunctive queries. We also show how to connect a database and a functional programming language by introducing a functorial connection between the schema and the category of types for that language. We begin the paper with a multitude of examples to motivate the definitions, and near the end we provide a dictionary whereby one can translate database concepts into category-theoretic concepts and vice-versa.
Insecticidal Tests of Synthetic organic Compounds—Chiefly Tests of Sulfur Compounds Against Culicine Mosquito Larvae (1934)

Journal Article Insecticidal Tests of Synthetic organic Compounds—Chiefly Tests of Sulfur Compounds Against Culicine Mosquito Larvae Get access F. L. Campbell, F. L. Campbell Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. N. Sullivan, W. N. Sullivan 1Bureau of Entomology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. E. Smith, L. E. Smith Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. L. Haller H. L. Haller 2Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, U. S. Department of Agriculture Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 27, Issue 6, 1 December 1934, Pages 1176–1185, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/27.6.1176 Published: 01 December 1934
A Method for Online Estimation of Human Arm Dynamics (2006)

Human arm dynamics can be used for human body performance analysis or for control of human-machine interfaces. In this paper, a novel method for online estimation of human forearm dynamics using a second-order quasi-linear model is presented. The proposed method uses Moving Window Least Squares to locally identify dynamic parameters for a limited number of operating points in a variable space defined by elbow joint angle and velocity, and the electromyogram signals collected from upper-arm muscles. The dynamic parameters for these limited points are then employed to train a Radial Basis Function Artificial Neural Network to interpolate/extrapolate for online estimates of arm dynamic parameters for other operating points in the variable space. The proposed estimation method is evaluated on a single degree-of-freedom robotic arm.
Single ZnO Nanowire/p‐type GaN Heterojunctions for Photovoltaic Devices and UV Light‐Emitting Diodes (2010)

We fabricate heterojunctions consisting of a single n-type ZnO nanowire and a p-type GaN film. The photovoltaic effect of heterojunctions exhibits open-circuit voltages ranging from 2 to 2.7 V, and a maximum output power reaching 80 nW. Light-emitting diodes with UV electroluminescence based on the heterojunctions are demonstrated.
Mathematical methods for personal positioning and navigation (2007)

Computing the position of a personal mobile device based on a mix of various types of measurements requires a wide array of mathematical concepts ranging from optimisation to robust estimation and nonlinear filtering theory. Algorithms for positioning and navigation have surfaced concurrently with the development of new measurement equipment and navigation infrastructure. However, most solutions and algorithms pertain only to certain equipment, involving just a single or few measurement sources. \n\n\nThis work synthesises existing techniques into a general framework covering static positioning, filtering, batch positioning and dead reckoning. Measurements are not restricted to any specific technology, equation form or distribution assumption. \n\n\nThe static positioning problem, deducing position from a set of simultaneous measurements, is considered first. Parallels between geometric, least squares and statistical approaches are given. The more complex problem of time series estimation can be solved by navigation filters that also make use of all past measurements and information about the system dynamics. Different filter implementations can be derived from the ideal Bayesian filter by choosing different probability density function (pdf) approximation schemes. The standard methods are briefly introduced in this context along with a novel generalisation of a piecewise defined grid filter. \n\n\nFinally, given the wide variety of existing and potential filter implementations, fair and expressive methods for comparing the quality and performance of nonlinear filters are discussed.
Recent Advances and Future Directions in Myocardial Infarction (1994)

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in most industrialised countries and is a major source of health care expenditure worldwide. Identification and management of risk factors for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) have enormous potential for improving health and reducing health care costs. There is evidence that the reduction in deaths from CHD has occurred earlier and to a greater extent in countries with aggressive policies of cardiovascular risk factor intervention. Likewise, the treatment of patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (MI) should be aimed at both extending event-free survival and improving the quality of life. This review focuses on recent advances and future directions in the understanding of risk factor modification before an MI (prevention), treatment of MI including thrombolysis and primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, and the subsequent management of patients after MI.
BigDebug: interactive debugger for big data analytics in Apache Spark (2016)

To process massive quantities of data, developers leverage data-intensive scalable computing (DISC) systems in the cloud, such as Google's MapReduce, Apache Hadoop, and Apache Spark. In terms of debugging, DISC systems support post-mortem log analysis but do not provide interactive debugging features in realtime. This tool demonstration paper showcases a set of concrete usecases on how BigDebug can help debug Big Data Applications by providing interactive, realtime debug primitives. To emulate interactive step-wise debugging without reducing throughput, BigDebug provides simulated breakpoints to enable a user to inspect a program without actually pausing the entire computation. To minimize unnecessary communication and data transfer, BigDebug provides on-demand watchpoints that enable a user to retrieve intermediate data using a guard and transfer the selected data on demand. To support systematic and efficient trial-and-error debugging, BigDebug also enables users to change program logic in response to an error at runtime and replay the execution from that step. BigDebug is available for download at http://web.cs.ucla.edu/~miryung/software.html
Development of a Terpene Feedstock-Based Oxidative Synthetic Approach to the <i>Illicium</i> Sesquiterpenes (2019)

The Illicium sesquiterpenes are a family of natural products containing over 100 highly oxidized and structurally complex members, many of which display interesting biological activities. This comprehensive account chronicles the evolution of a semisynthetic strategy toward these molecules from (+)-cedrol, seeking to emulate key aspects of their presumed biosynthesis. An initial route generated lower oxidation state analogs but failed in delivering a crucial hydroxy group in the final step. Insight gathered during these studies, however, ultimately led to a synthesis of the pseudoanisatinoids along with the allo-cedrane natural product 11- O-debenzoyltashironin. A second-generation strategy was then developed to access the more highly oxidized majucinoid compounds including jiadifenolide and majucin itself. Overall, one dozen natural products can be accessed from an abundant and inexpensive terpene feedstock. A multitude of general observations regarding site-selective C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-H bond functionalization reactions in complex polycyclic architectures are reported.
Direct demonstration of binding of anti-Leu 4 antibody to the 40 kDa Fc receptor on monocytes as a prerequisite for anti-Leu 4-induced T cell mitogenesis. (1987)

It has previously been demonstrated that about 30% of healthy Caucasian subjects are "nonresponders" in assays of the mitogenic activity of monoclonal mouse IgG1 (mIgG1) anti-CD3 antibodies (e.g., anti-Leu 4 and UCHT-1), and that this unresponsiveness is due to lack of monocyte helper function. In an immunofluorescence assay with fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, we studied the binding of phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-Leu 4 to monocytes from responders and nonresponders. Interaction was observed with monocytes from responders only, and was blocked by a murine monoclonal antibody (IV.3) directed to an epitope on the 40-kDa low affinity Fc receptor (FcRII). This indicates that the interaction represents binding of the Fc part of phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-Leu 4 to FcRII on responder monocytes. Indirect immunofluorescence with antibody IV.3 demonstrated, however, that monocytes from both responders and nonresponders express similar levels of FcRII. Thus, nonresponder monocytes apparently express a variant FcRII which is unable to bind the Fc part of mIgG1 antibodies. The anti-FcRII antibody completely blocked anti-Leu 4-induced (but not OKT3 (mIgG2a)-induced) T cell proliferation in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from responders. The results provide direct evidence that monocytes from anti-Leu 4 responders, but not monocytes from anti-Leu 4 non-responders, are able to bind the Fc part of mIgG1 to FcRII, and that this interaction with FcRII is essential for the mitogenic activity of mIgG1 anti-CD3 antibodies.
Molluscicides from the cashew Anacardium occidentale and their large-scale isolation (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolluscicides from the cashew Anacardium occidentale and their large-scale isolationIsao Kubo, Sakae Komatsu, and Masamitsu OchiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1986, 34, 6, 970–973Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00072a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00072a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views542Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inkjet Printing: Inkjet Printing—Process and Its Applications (Adv. Mater. 6/2010) (2010)

Ghassan E. Jabbour and co-workers highlight recent developments in inkjet printing technology and applications on p. 673. The inside cover image shows starting materials (upper left), the inkjet printing process (center), and two examples of applications: QVGA quantum-dot LEDs (bottom left) and macromolecular OLEDs (bottom right).
DFT-Vocoder using harmonic-sieve pitch extraction (2005)

The DFT-vocoder is based on speech analysis and synthesis using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Analysis is done using hopping-DFT and spectral parameters are obtained by a piece-wise constant approximation of the amplitude spectrum. The harmonic-sieve technique for pitch extraction combines very well with this scheme because it is based on hopping-DFT as well. Synthesis is achieved by convolution of the generated excitation signal with the inverse-DFT of the reconstructed piece-wise constant amplitude spectrum. In this paper a 2400 bit/s implementation of the DFT-vocoder is discussed.
Scalable addressing of M2M terminals in 4G cellular wireless networks (2013)

Demand for Machine to Machine (M2M) communication over cellular wireless network has recently seen a rapid growth. This growth resulted in extra demand for the limited numbering and addressing resources used in the cellular wireless networks. The two main, potentially, limiting resources for the rising demand for M2M communication in the cellular wireless networks are the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and the Mobile Station International Subscriber Directory Number (MSISDN). Each device communicating over the 4th Generation (4G) cellular wireless network is allocated an IMSI to uniquely identify it in the network and at least one MSISDN that is used for terminating calls to the device. This paper addresses the numbering and addressing impact on M2M communication over the 4G cellular networks. We present a solution, based on the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) of the 4G cellular networks, to extend the use of IMSI to accommodate the projected growth in the M2M communication.
Visual Requirements Study for Head-Up Displays (1972)

An experimental study was conducted to determine the binocular disparity tolerances for pilots viewing dynamic head-up display images against a moving real world background. An existing head-up display simulator, which could generate images with controlled disparities for each eye, was modified to incorporate a background of projected motion pictures taken in flight at low altitudes. Six pilots served as test subjects, three from the Army Aviation School and three from the Naval Air Test Center. The results indicate maximum disparity levels for sustained comfortable viewing of 1.0 milliradian for vertical and convergent horizontal disparities, and 2.5 milliradians for divergent horizontal disparities. These results are the same as those obtained with the display viewed against a static real world background in a preceding study involving a different group of subjects.
Induced neural‐type differentiation in the cleavage‐arrested blastomere isolated from early ascidian embryos. (1990)

1. Isolated blastomeres and pairs of blastomeres from 8-cell embryos of Halocynthia roretzi and Halocynthia aurantium were cleavage-arrested with cytochalasin B and cultured. Their differentiation was examined in terms of membrane excitability, immunoreactivity to an epidermis-specific monoclonal antibody (2C5), and the presence of acetylcholinesterase. 2. The blastomeres that showed epidermal-type differentiation had Ca2(+)-dependent action potentials and membrane currents, and immunoreactivity to 2C5. The blastomeres that showed neural-type differentiation had Na(+)-, Ca2(+)- and TEA-sensitive delayed K+ channels, and lacked immunoreactivity to 2C5. 3. Cleavage-arrested anterior-animal blastomeres, a4-2, when cultured in isolation from an 8-cell embryo, differentiated exclusively into epidermal-type cells. However, when cultured in contact with anterior-vegetal blastomeres, A4-1, they mostly showed neural-type differentiation (seventeen out of twenty-four cells in H. roretzi). 4. Reduction of the cytochalasin B concentration enhanced neural-type development of a4-2 blastomeres in contact with A4-1 blastomeres in H. aurantium, possibly by tightening the physical contact between the blastomeres. 5. When a cleavage-arrested and isolated a4-2 blastomere was treated with 2% pronase at 10 degrees C for 15 min at the time when sister control embryos reached the 32-cell stage, the blastomere underwent neural-type differentiation in a manner identical to that of a4-2 blastomeres contacted by A4-1 cells. 6. The period during which neural-type differentiation of a4-2 blastomeres could be induced by treatment with pronase was from the 8-cell to the 110-cell stage. At the late gastrula stage neural-type differentiation of a4-2 blastomeres was not induced by pronase. The effective period for neural-type differentiation of a4-2 blastomeres in contact with A4-1 cells was between the 64-cell stage and late gastrula stage. Competence of the a4-2 blastomere to undergo neural-type differentiation decreased during gastrula stages, while the inducing ability of the A4-1 blastomere lasted longer. 7. In a few cases the posterior-animal blastomere, b4-2, could also be induced to undergo neural-type differentiation after contact with A4-1 cells or after pronase treatment. 8. The appearance of Na+ spikes in a4-2 blastomeres in contact with A4-1 cells was considered a manifestation of neural induction, similar in principle to the induction of ectoderm by the chorda-mesoderm in higher vertebrates.
Cobalt-doped transparent glass ceramic as a saturable absorber Q switch for erbium:glass lasers (2001)

A new saturable absorber Q switch for 1.54-mum Er:glass lasers is presented. The saturable absorber is a transparent glass ceramic that contains magnesium-aluminum spinel nanocrystallites doped with tetrahedrally coordinated Co(2+) ions. We obtained Q-switched pulses of up to 5.5 mJ in energy and 80 ns in duration at 1.54 mum. The relaxation time of (4)A(2) ?(4)T(1)((4)F) transition bleaching was measured to be (450 ? 150) ns. Ground-state and excited-state absorption cross sections at 1.54-mum wavelength were estimated to be (3.2 ? 0.4) x 10(-19) cm(2) and (5.0 ? 0.6) x 10(-20) cm(2), respectively.
Total Synthesis of (−)-Leuconicine A and B (2011)

Concise asymmetric total syntheses of Strychnos alkaloids (-)-leuconicine A (14 steps, 9% overall yield) and B (13 steps, 10% overall yield) have been accomplished. Key steps include (1) our sequential one-pot spiro-cyclization/intramolecular aza-Baylis-Hillman method to prepare the ABCE framework; (2) a novel domino acylation/Knoevenagel cyclization to prepare the F-ring; and (3) a Heck cyclization to access the D-ring.
Determination of semiconductor surface properties using surface acoustic waves (1975)

Surface properties of semiconductors may be determined by measuring the change in attenuation constant, acoustoelectric voltage, and convolution output of a semiconductor on a lithium niobate acoustic surface wave convolver structure. The change is caused by the application of a dc pulse voltage. Experimental results are presented for both p- and n-type silicon. The method is contactless, sensitive, and requires no sample preparation except polishing of one side. Also it is possible to study the variations of the semiconductor surface states along the direction of propagation of the surface wave by proper modification of this method.
On the use of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test for immunofluorescence histogram comparison (2000)

BACKGROUND The problem considered is the quantitative comparison of immunofluorescence frequency distributions in order to detect their differences of biological significance, i.e., to evaluate the potential positivity of a cell sample with respect to negative control cells. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) statistical test, proposed in the literature for this purpose, is examined and discussed through its application to a set of experimental measurements. It is shown that even differences due to the stain procedure or to instrumental biases may be considered significant by the test implemented in the standard form. METHODS In order to ensure valid results, it is necessary to take into account the various sources of variation in the specific experimental context. A procedure is proposed that uses the KS statistics as a reference for determining an appropriate estimate of the overall variability in the control data. This estimate is derived from the comparisons of the cumulative distributions associated with repeated measurements of the negative cell sample. Results and Conclusions: The KS-related index thus defined provides a tool for assessing the potential positivity of a cell sample, since it allows to distinguish between statistical and biological significance of the difference between the histogram to be tested and the set of control data. In particular, if a cell sample is not included in the control variability, either a positive cell subpopulation is present, or all cells are positive. Instead, for a sample included in the control variability, the difference will be not biologically meaningful, even if statistically significant. Moreover, when a purely positive control sample is also available, it is possible to derive a measure of the precision at which a true biological positivity can be detected. Finally, since the index is not absolute, but relative to the features of the instrumentation, of the antibodies and of the fluorochromes used, it represents a quantitative measure of the stability and reproducibility of the measurement process and could be used for quality control of flow cytometric experiments in immunofluorescence. Cytometry 39:179–188, 2000 © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Two distinct subfractions in isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae plasma membranes (1983)

The plasma membrane from Saccharomyces cerevisiae X2180-1A and a secretion-blocked mutant, secl (P. Novick and R. Schekman, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76:1858-1862, 1979) has been purified. Cell walls were digested by treatment with lyticase followed by concanavalin A coating of spheroplasts. alpha-Methylmannoside treatment after lysis, sonication at high salt concentration, and fractionation on a Renografin gradient resulted in two highly purified membrane fractions sedimenting at densities of 1.15 and 1.17 g/cm3. Yields determined by recovery of vanadate-sensitive ATPase activity were 11 to 18%, and those determined by recovery of the spheroplast surface label 125I were 17 to 29%. Iodinated cells have most of their label in sedimentable, nonspheroplast material. However, both membrane populations contain some 125I surface label and show ATPase activity with pH optima only at 5.5. The apparent Vmax of the plasma membrane ATPase equals 360 to 560 nmol of ATP hydrolyzed per min per mg of protein, with a Km for ATP of 0.7 mM. ATPase specific activity is not decreased in mutant plasma membrane. Analysis of 125I-labeled plasma membrane proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed seven major proteins on the plasma membrane surface.
The use of apraclonidine eyedrops to treat ptosis after the administration of botulinum toxin to the upper face (2005)

A side effect of the injection of botulinum toxin into the upper third of the face is ptosis or lid droop. A therapy recommended to treat ptosis resulting from administration of botulinum toxins A and B is Iopidine (apraclonidine 0.5 %) eye drops. Apraclonidine is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, which causes Muller muscles to contract quickly elevating the upper eyelid 1-3 mm. Little published data discusses the use of apraclonidine to treat such ptosis. This communication discusses the extant literature on this usage. Research needs to be done to establish the utility and dosing of apraclonidine for botulinum toxin-induced ptosis.