gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and function of a membrane-bound murine MHC class I molecule (1999)

MHC molecules are expressed at the surface of nucleated cells to present peptides to T cells. Structural information on MHC molecules has been gathered by x-ray crystallography techniques by using soluble proteins. Although relationships between MHC molecules and cell membranes have not been studied in detail, they are of critical importance for T cell recognition. Using a chemically modified lipid, we have been able to capture and orient histidine-tagged MHC molecules on lipid membranes. Surface plasmon resonance experiments show that the protein binds to the nickel lipid in a specific manner and in an oriented fashion, which allows T cell receptor binding. Similar lipid surfaces have been used to grow two-dimensional crystals and to determine the structure of a membrane-anchored murine H-2Kb MHC class I molecule. The docking of the crystallographic structure into the three-dimensional reconstructed structure derived from the two-dimensional crystals allows us to determine that the histidine tag is near the membrane surface and that the MHC molecule is in an upright position, exposing the peptide/alpha1-alpha2 domains toward the T cell.
Numerical simulation of a regenerative thermal oxidizer for volatile organic compounds treatment (2018)

As regulations governing the control of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have become increasingly stringent in China, regenerative thermal oxidizers (RTOs) have been more frequently applied in medium-and high-concentration VOCs treatments. However, due to the lack of existing RTO-related research, experience remains a dominant factor for industrial application. This paper thus aimed to establish a model for industrial RTOs, using a transient simulation method and thermal equilibrium model to simulate the internal velocities and temperature distributions of an RTO across multiple cycles. A comparison showed an error of less than 5% between most correlating simulated and experimental measurement points, verifying that the simulation method was accurate. After verification, the velocity and temperature fields inside the RTO were simulated to study the uniformity of temperature and velocity within the packed beds: both fields displayed high uniformity after gas flowed through the honeycomb regenerator. The effects of air volume, VOCs concentrations, and valve switching times on the oxidation chamber temperature, RTO outlet temperature, and thermal efficiency (as well as their averages) were studied. The VOCs removal rate in this study was constantly above 98%, and the average thermal efficiency reached 90%.
Immunotherapy Trial for Horses in British Columbia with Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Hypersensitivity (1996)

Immunotherapy was used to treat horses in British Columbia for Culicoides hypersensitivity. This is a severe, chronic, recurrent allergic disease of horses that results in severe irritation, large lesions, hair loss and secondary infection in the ventral midline, mane, and proximal region of the tail. A crude Culicoides extract was injected subcutaneously, in increasing doses, into 10 horses that were affected severely by the disease. Weekly doses reduced the clinical signs in 9 of the 10 horses in the 1st yr. Eight horses were treated with a maintenance dose during a 2nd yr. After the 2nd yr, 3 horses were completely free of clinical signs, 3 showed much less severe clinical signs than in untreated years, and 2 showed moderate reduction in clinical signs. Dosage, frequency of injections, and possible future applications of this technique are discussed.
Measurement of albumin reflection coefficient with isolated rat glomeruli. (1992)

Macromolecular permeability of the glomerular capillary has been inferred from the clearance of endogenous protein or infused macromolecules. Permeability is increased after treatment with polycations as well as after renal injury. It has previously been shown that the capillaries of glomeruli isolated from normal mammals expand or collapse in response to transcapillary albumin gradients and that the magnitude of the changes in capillary volume and in total glomerular volume are directly proportional to the applied oncotic gradients. In the experiments presented here, the volume responses of control glomeruli and of glomeruli treated with protamine (100 to 600 micrograms/mL for up to 60 min) were used to calculate the albumin reflection coefficient, sigma albumin, and the convectional permeability, P convectional albumin = (1 - sigma albumin), of the capillary wall. Sigma albumin for normal glomeruli was about 1 (P convectional albumin = 0); sigma albumin fell to a minimum of 0.2 +/- 0.1 (P convectional albumin = 0.8 +/- 0.1) after incubation with protamine sulfate (600 micrograms/mL) for 30 min. Retraction and fusion of podocyte foot processes and denudation of the underlying matrix was seen on scanning electron micrographs of protamine-treated glomeruli. These results confirm that it is possible to study macromolecular permeability of the glomerular capillary in vitro and to calculate sigma albumin independent of hemodynamic and systemic humoral influences. This method will permit the assessment of the effects of individual mediators of glomerular injury and the study of glomeruli from kidneys affected by experimentally induced or naturally occurring renal diseases.
Interaction between microstructure and multiple-step transformation in binary NiTi alloys using<i>in-situ</i>transmission electron microscopy observations (1998)

Abstract The multiple-step transformation is a special case of martensitic transformation observed in NiTi alloys. It is characterized by the appearance of several transformation steps during the transformation of the R phase into martensite. The present study shows that this effect can be observed after the sample has been solution treated at 1173K and further aged at 793 K and is accompanied by a special microstructure which consists in a well recrystallized matrix containing small coherent precipitates of the Ni4Ti3 type. These precipitates have been observed to be the source of a local stress field which influences both the nucleation and the growth of the R and martensitic phases. Based on the present observations, a model has been developed which explains the basic of the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon. According to this model, the additional transformation step can be considered to be a locally stress-induced martensitic transformation. This model is extended to interpret some results found in the literature.
Lung Cancer: Risk Factors, Management, And Prognosis (2016)

Lung cancer or lung tumor the most common cause of cancer death in men and second most common in women after breast cancer. Highest rates in North America, Europe, and East Asia, with one third of new cases in China, lower rates in Africa and South Asia. Worldwide in 2012 lung cancer resulted in 1.6 million deaths. Risk factors include smoking, exposure to radon gas, asbestos, second-hand smoke, air pollution, and geneticfactors. Pathogenesis is similar to other cancers, by activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Two main types of lung cancer are small-cell lung carcinoma(SCLC),and non-small-cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC) Clinical manifestation include coughing, coughingblood, weight loss, weakness, fever or clubbing of the fingernails, hypercalcemia, myasthenia syndrome (muscle weakness), and metastases. Metastatic disease includes weight loss, bone pain and neurological symptoms. Diagnosis mainly by chest radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans. Lung cancers are classified according to histological type, staging uses TNM (tumor, lymph node and metastases) system. Management depends on cancer specific type, by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the U.S 16.8% survive for at least five years, in England overall five year survival less than 10%.Prevention, cessation of smoking, screening for lung cancer for those long smoking history and between 55 and 80 years. Long term intake of vitamin A,vitamin vitamin D,or vitamin E does not reduce risk of lung cancer. Higher intake of vegetables and fruit tend to lower risk. There is no clear association between diet and lung cancer.
Monolithic HEMT-HBT integration by selective MBE (1995)

We have achieved successful monolithic integration of high electron mobility transistors and heterojunction bipolar transistors in the same microwave circuit. We have used selective molecular beam epitaxy and a novel merged processing technology to fabricate monolithic microwave integrated circuits that incorporate both 0.2 /spl mu/m gate-length pseudomorphic InGaAs-GaAs HEMTs and 2 /spl mu/m emitter-width GaAs-AlGaAs HBTs. The HEMT and HBT devices produced by selective MBE and fabricated using our merged HEMT-HBT process exhibited performance equivalent to devices fabricated using normal MBE and our baseline single-technology processes. The selective MBE process yielded 0.2 /spl mu/m HEMT devices with g/sub m/=600 mS/mm and f/sub T/=70 GHz, while 2/spl times/10 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ HBT devices achieved /spl beta/>50 and f/sub T/=21.4 GHz at J/sub c/=2/spl times/10/sup 4/ A/cm/sup 2/. The performance of both a 5-10 GHz HEMT LNA with active on-chip HBT regulation and a 20 GHz Darlington HBT amplifier are shown to be equivalent whether fabricated using normal or selective MBE.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Laser-Driven Very High Energy Electron/Photon Beam Radiation Therapy in Conjunction with a Robotic System (2014)

We present a new external-beam radiation therapy system using very-high-energy (VHE) electron/photon beams generated by a centimeter-scale laser plasma accelerator built in a robotic system. Most types of external-beam radiation therapy are delivered using a machine called a medical linear accelerator driven by radio frequency (RF) power amplifiers, producing electron beams with an energy range of 6–20 MeV, in conjunction with modern radiation therapy technologies for effective shaping of three-dimensional dose distributions and spatially accurate dose delivery with imaging verification. However, the limited penetration depth and low quality of the transverse penumbra at such electron beams delivered from the present RF linear accelerators prevent the implementation of advanced modalities in current cancer treatments. These drawbacks can be overcome if the electron energy is increased to above 50 MeV. To overcome the disadvantages of the present RF-based medical accelerators, harnessing recent advancement of laser-driven plasma accelerators capable of producing 1-GeV electron beams in a 1-cm gas cell, we propose a new embodiment of the external-beam radiation therapy robotic system delivering very high-energy electron/photon beams with an energy of 50–250 MeV; it is more compact, less expensive, and has a simpler operation and higher performance in comparison with the current radiation therapy system.
Dystrophic degeneration of papillary muscle and ventricular myocardium. A basis for mitral valve prolapse in Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. (1980)

The hearts of three children who died with Duchenne's progressive muscular dystrophy and features of mitral valve prolapse were examined to find if the valve disorder arose from cardiomyopathy due to the primary disease or from dystrophic changes in th mitral valve itself. Gross, histologic and ultrastructural features of mitral valve annulus, anterior and posterior leaflets, chordae tendineae, right and left ventricles, and anterior and posterior papillary muscles were compared with those of similar tissues from normal children of matched age and sex. Fibrosis and myofibrillar lysis--most extensive in posterior papillary muscle and in the posterobasal segment of the left ventricle--were the main histopathologic findings. Myofibrillar lysis was characterized by a total loss of actin and myosin myofilaments. By contrast, the mitral valve annulus, its leaflets and the origin, distribution pattern, length and thickness of chordae tendineae were entirely normal. These observations establish that mitral valve prolapse syndrome in Duchenne's dystrophy is an expression of cardiomyopathy involving papillary muscle and ventricular myocardium rather than a result of dystrophic changes in the mitral valve leaflets, annulus or chordae tendineae.
The research of intellectual digital frequency-measurement meter based on virtual instrument (2007)

This paper is about the design method of equal precision for frequency-measurement meter The meter realizes the measurement calculating of frequency, period, PWM and duty cycle of the waveform. The measurement control of the whole measurement circuit is achieved by absolute interface of single chip, then the data is sent to PC in serial communication of single chip. The data procession and display is completed by Lab VIEW.
A portable fluorescence detector for fast ultra trace detection of explosive vapors (2011)

This paper developed a portable detector based on a specific material-based fluorescent sensing film for an ultra trace detection of explosives, such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) or its derivate 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), in ambient air or on objects tainted by explosives. The fluorescent sensing films are based on single-layer chemistry and the signal amplification effect of conjugated polymers, which exhibited higher sensitivity and shorter response time to TNT or DNT at their vapor pressures. Due to application of the light emitting diode and the solid state photomultiplier and the cross-correlation-based circuit design technology, the device has the advantages of low-power, low-cost, small size, and an improved signal to noise ratio. The results of the experiments showed that the detector can real-time detect and identify of explosive vapors at extremely low levels; it is suitable for the identification of suspect luggage, forensic analyses, or battlefields clearing.
Oxygen Sensitivity of Various Anaerobic Bacteria (1969)

Anaerobes differ in their sensitivity to oxygen, as two patterns were recognizable in the organisms included in this study. Strict anaerobes were species incapable of agar surface growth at pO(2) levels greater than 0.5%. Species that were found to be strict anaerobes were Treponema macrodentium, Treponema denticola, Treponema oralis n. sp., Clostridium haemolyticum, Selenomonas ruminatium, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, and Lachnospira multiparus. Moderate anaerobes would include those species capable of growth in the presence of oxygen levels as high as 2 to 8%. The moderate anaerobes could be exposed to room atmosphere for 60 to 90 min without appreciable loss of viability. Species considered as moderate anaerobes were Bacteroides fragilis, B. melaninogenicus, B. oralis, Fusobacteria nucleatum, Clostridium novyi type A, and Peptostreptococcus elsdenii. The recognition of at least two general types of anaerobes would seem to have practical import in regard to the primary isolation of anaerobes from source material.
Standardizing the expression and nomenclature of cancer treatment regimens (1998)

Guidelines for describing cancer chemotherapy regimens in all aspects of drug development, including treatment protocols, order forms, and product labels, are proposed. To complement the approaches to reducing medication errors that have been recommended by ASHP and others, pharmacists at the National Institutes of Health and the National Cancer Institute, with the input of oncology pharmacists from diverse areas of practice, developed guidelines for expressing chemotherapy dosage schedules and treatment regimens. The guidelines present standards that are broadly applicable and can be adopted by other institutions. Clear and unambiguous expression of all medication orders and consistency of treatment descriptions are suggested. Written treatment plans and orders should contain enough information to allow health care providers from diverse disciplines to compare them with published treatment descriptions and investigational protocols and must therefore include planned dosages and schedules expressed in patient-specific units. In general, drug dosages should be expressed as the amount of drug administered from a single container. When ordering drugs that are part of complex or combination-drug regimens, prescribers should write as many of the orders at one time as is possible, so that continuity might be preserved. Standard rules are proposed for describing chemotherapy regimens.
Predictability of Northeast Brazil Rainfall and Real-Time Forecast Skill, 1987–98 (2001)

The predictability of rainy season rainfall over northeast Brazil for the relatively long period 1912–98 is analyzed using dynamical and empirical techniques. The dynamical assessments are based on the HadAM2b atmospheric model forced with the Met Office Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature Dataset (GISST3). Ensembles of simulations and hindcasts starting from real initial conditions for 1982–93 made under the European Community Prediction of Climate Variations on Seasonal to Interannual Timescales (PROVOST) program are analyzed. The results demonstrate a relatively high degree of predictability. Its source lies mostly in tropical Atlantic and Pacific sea surface temperatures. The results confirm the less extensive evidence of other authors that northeast Brazil is a region where two separate ocean basins influence seasonal climate to a comparable extent. Overall, the sea surface temperature gradient between the northern and southern tropical Atlantic appears to be the more important influence, though El Niño can be dominant when it is strong. These assessments of predictability are consistent with the performance of over a decade of real-time long lead and updated forecasts, issued over the period 1987–98. Multiple regression and linear discriminant analysis prediction techniques, together with model forecasts in the last few years, were used to provide best estimate and probability real-time forecasts of rainy season rainfall. These forecasts had a level of skill that was close to the state of the art in seasonal forecasting
Distributed QoS-aware scheduling in storm (2015)

Storm is a distributed stream processing system that has recently gained increasing interest. We extend Storm to make it suitable to operate in a geographically distributed and highly variable environment such as that envisioned by the convergence of Fog computing, Cloud computing, and Internet of Things.
Ribonucleases (2008)

Ribonucleases (RNases) with different sequence or structural specificities are used for a variety of analytical purposes, including RNA sequencing, mapping, and quantitation. The development of RNase protection assays, structural determination assays, and the production of small interfering RNAs (siRNA) employed in RNA interference (RNAi) experiments has depended on the unique substrate specificities of commercially available RNases, including RNases A, I, T1, V1, HI, III, and Dicer. One very common application for high purity RNase A is also presented in this unit and involves hydrolyzing RNA that contaminates DNA preparations. RNase HII and the placental RNase inhibitor are also discussed.
Association between <i>PADI4</i> and rheumatoid arthritis: A replication study (2005)

Replication of association in individual samples strongly suggests that PADI4 is a true susceptibility gene for RA.
New Technique for Analysis of Variable Rate or Slug Test (1981)

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new and simple technique to analyze a variable rate and slug test. It considers the production rate as a continuous function of time and produces an equivalent Horner plot. Two slug tests are analyzed comparing the new and various existing techniques. Existing techniques include type curve matching of flowing period, a multi-rate test, and the Odeh-Selig variable rate technique.
Effect of Internal Electrical Field on the Electrical Breakdown Properties of Contact Materials (2011)

In order to get a deep understanding of the effect of internal electrical field on the electrical breakdown properties of contact materials, two kinds of W-Cu and Cr-Cu joints were prepared in a vacuum sintering furnace. The vacuum breakdown tests were respectively performed at the interface of two joints and pure metal ends in an arc extinguishing chamber, and the surface morphologies after electrical breakdown 50 times were characterized by a scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results show that the breakdown strength at the interface is much larger than that of pure metal ends, and the breakdown site deviates from the interface. It is suggested that the existence of internal electrical field at the interface of two contact metals changes the electronic structure, and, thus, the electrical breakdown behavior is influenced.
Clipping of Bézier curves (1985)

Article Free Access Share on Clipping of Bézier curves Authors: Fuhua Cheng Institute of Computer and Decision Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Institute of Computer and Decision Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.View Profile , Chi-Cheng Lin Institute of Computer and Decision Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Institute of Computer and Decision Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM '85: Proceedings of the 1985 ACM annual conference on The range of computing : mid-80's perspective: mid-80's perspectiveOctober 1985 Pages 74–84https://doi.org/10.1145/320435.320462Published:01 October 1985Publication History 1citation206DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads206Last 12 Months22Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Finger Pricking and Pain: A Never Ending Story (2008)

Without finger pricking, no self-measurement of blood glucose (SMBG) is possible. However, the number of scientific studies dealing with this topic, which is highly relevant for patients, is surprisingly small. This is in sharp contrast to the number of papers about blood glucose meters and SMBG in general. This article highlights a number of aspects that are relevant when it comes to finger pricking and pain. There is a clear improvement in the technology employed in the many different lancing devices that are on the market nowadays; however, no good head-to-head comparison study has been performed to date. The invention of novel devices for finger pricking will most likely bring more attention to this topic.
Charge Transfer and Exciplex Emissions from a Naphthalenediimide-Entangled Coordination Framework Accommodating Various Aromatic Guests (2012)

A detailed photophysical study was performed on an entangled porous coordination polymer (PCP) containing N,N′-dipyrid-4-yl-1,4,5,8-naphthalenediimide (dpNDI) as an electron acceptor moiety and different substituted benzene guests as electron donor units by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Emission from exciplex (A–D)*EX and charge transfer complex (Aδ−–Dδ+)*CT states was identified thanks to the different conformations adopted by aromatic guests in the different adsorption sites of the PCP (denominated pore A and pore B). Fluorescence lifetime values of exciplexes and charge transfer complexes linearly correlate with the dipole moments and the ionization potentials of different substituted benzene guests, respectively. We have also identified other emissive species with much lower emission efficiency, that is, emission from the NDI pillar itself and from its interaction with the benzenedicarboxylate linker.