gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of Type A, B, E, and F <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Neurotoxins in Foods by Using an Amplified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Digoxigenin-Labeled Antibodies (2006)

An amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of Clostridium botulinum complex neurotoxins was evaluated for its ability to detect these toxins in food. The assay was found to be suitable for detecting type A, B, E, and F botulinum neurotoxins in a variety of food matrices representing liquids, solid, and semisolid food. Specific foods included broccoli, orange juice, bottled water, cola soft drinks, vanilla extract, oregano, potato salad, apple juice, meat products, and dairy foods. The detection sensitivity of the test for these botulinum complex serotypes was found to be 60 pg/ml (1.9 50% lethal dose [LD50]) for botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A), 176 pg/ml (1.58 LD50) for BoNT/B, 163 pg/ml for BoNT/E (4.5 LD50), and 117 pg/ml for BoNT/F (less than 1 LD50) in casein buffer. The test could also readily detect 2 ng/ml of neurotoxins type A, B, E, and F in a variety of food samples. For specificity studies, the assay was also used to test a large panel of type A C. botulinum, a smaller panel of proteolytic and nonproteolytic type B, E, and F neurotoxin-producing Clostridia, and nontoxigenic organisms using an overnight incubation of toxin production medium. The assay appears to be an effective tool for large-scale screening of the food supply in the event of a botulinum neurotoxin contamination event.
Peyer's patch adherence of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains in rabbits (1997)

RDEC-1 (serotype O15) is an attaching and effacing strain of rabbit enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (REPEC) that causes diarrhea in postweanling rabbits. It expresses AF/R1 pili that mediate Peyer's patch M-cell adherence. We investigated Peyer's patch adherence, the presence of virulence genes, ileal brush border aggregation, and pilus expression in 9 strains representing several serotypes of REPEC as well as in two commensal strains. Postweanling rabbits were inoculated with 10(6) organisms and sacrificed at 24 h, and tissues were prepared for examination by light microscopy. Strains B10 and RDEC-1 were also studied at 12 and 72 h postinoculation. All REPEC strains were eaeA positive, expressed pili, and adhered to ileal brush borders. Both commensal strains expressed pili, and one strain adhered to brush borders. All REPEC strains demonstrated some degree of Peyer's patch lymphoid follicle adherence, ranging from diffuse coverage to small patches covering two to three dome epithelial cells. Strains C102 and C110 had genes homologous with the structural subunit gene of the AF/R1 pilus (afrA) of RDEC-1, which correlated with greater degrees of lymphoid follicle adherence and lesser degrees of ileal villus adherence. The observation that all REPEC strains adhere to Peyer's patch epithelium suggests the possibility that human strains of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) might do likewise. EPEC strains might thus serve as mucosal vaccine vectors in humans. Better understanding of the molecular mechanism of REPEC adherence should provide a model for the targeting of the Peyer's patch in humans.
A Chip-ID generating circuit for dependable LSI using random address errors on embedded SRAM and on-chip memory BIST (2011)

A chip-ID generating scheme with high-tamper resistance is proposed. This enables to extract a unique finger print from each chip by using random failure bits in an SRAM under the ID generation mode, and on-chip memory BIST. The stability and average of Humming distance of 128 bit ID become 99.9999999% and 63.9, respectively. The proposed scheme does not require any additional hardware IPs.
Digital Take-off - The Historical Significance (2009)

In the early 2000s, the authors noted a historic change occurring in a group of pathfinding schools across the developed world. After nearly a century of abortive efforts, seemingly overnight these schools had succeeded in getting all the teachers in the school to use the digital technology in their everyday teaching. The breakthroughs started being made around the same time as Friedman found his 'flatteners' impacting across the networked world.
Algorithmic, architectural, and beam pattern issues of sidelobe cancellation (1989)

Various important issues concerning the sidelobe cancellation (SLC) approach for suppressing sidelobe interference signals in radar are investigated. The concepts are presented in a tutorial manner and include: formulating the calculation of the complex weights for the auxiliary channels as an exact least-squares (LS) problem; computing the LS weights using orthogonal transformation for improved numerical accuracy; and mapping orthogonalization-based algorithms onto systolic arrays. The problem of excessive degrees of freedom (EDOF) associated with utilizing too many auxiliary elements when a relatively small number of jammers are present, is also considered. A divisionless orthogonalization-based algorithm is presented for the computation of the auxiliary weights. Many of these issues have previously been either implicitly stated or only individually addressed in various sources by a number of researchers. Besides showing simulation results and the divisionless procedure for obtaining the final auxiliary weights, a major consideration was to present all of the aforementioned concepts in a coherent and unified framework.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The RING Heterodimer BRCA1-BARD1 Is a Ubiquitin Ligase Inactivated by a Breast Cancer-derived Mutation (2001)

BRCA1-BARD1 constitutes a heterodimeric RING finger complex associated through its N-terminal regions. Here we demonstrate that the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimeric RING finger complex contains significant ubiquitin ligase activity that can be disrupted by a breast cancer-derived RING finger mutation in BRCA1. Whereas individually BRCA1 and BARD1 have very low ubiquitin ligase activities in vitro, BRCA1 combined with BARD1 exhibits dramatically higher activity. Bacterially purified RING finger domains comprising residues 1-304 of BRCA1 and residues 25-189 of BARD1 are capable of polymerizing ubiquitin. The steady-state level of transfected BRCA1 in vivo was increased by co-transfection of BARD1, and reciprocally that of transfected BARD1 was increased by BRCA1 in a dose-dependent manner. The breast cancer-derived BARD1-interaction-deficient mutant, BRCA1(C61G), does not exhibit ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro. These results suggest that the BRCA1-BARD1 complex contains a ubiquitin ligase activity that is important in prevention of breast and ovarian cancer development.
Phosphotyrosine-modified proteins are concentrated at the membranes of epithelial and endothelial cells during tissue development in chick embryos. (1988)

We have used high affinity polyclonal antibodies specific for phosphotyrosine (PTyr) residues to examine the localization in various chick embryonic tissues in situ of PTyr-modified proteins by immunocytochemical methods. During the period from 9 to 21 d of development, most tissues exhibit elevated levels of PTyr-modified proteins as determined by immunoblotting experiments of tissue extracts with the anti-PTyr antibodies (Maher, P. A., and E. B. Pasquale. 1988. J. Cell Biol. 106:1747-1755). By immunofluorescence labeling of semithin frozen sections, the highest concentrations of PTyr immunolabeling in all of the embryonic tissues examined were localized to the membranes of the epithelial and endothelial cells with other cells showing no detectable labeling. These results were confirmed by immunoelectron microscopic labeling, which showed particularly high concentrations of PTyr-modified proteins close to the membranes at the apical junctions. The corresponding adult tissues showed no labeling. It is proposed that these results reflect the molecular basis for the functional plasticity of epithelial and endothelial cell junctions during embryonic development.
La colección de láminas del Departamento de Biología Vegetal II de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad Complutense: inventario (2014)

Procedente del Departamento de Biologia Vegetal II la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, se incorporo a los fondos de la Biblioteca 
Historica, en octubre de 2013, una coleccion de laminas que podriamos catalogar como artisticas. Se trata de un conjunto de dibujos realizados con lapiz grafito y coloreados 
con acuarela o tempera, fechados en su mayoria en la primera mitad del siglo XX, que muestran diversas plantas atendiendo a su naturaleza. La autoria esta repartida entre varios autores, cuyos nombres constan en la firma de las laminas: Alcazar, Escobar, Candido H. Martin y, en ultimo lugar, por el menor numero de piezas con sus nombres, E. Rodriguez y L. Neyra. Ademas, existe una cantidad significativa sin identificar. La mayoria de las laminas estan numeradas en el margen superior derecho, lo que nos lleva a a pensar que formaron parte de un conjunto mas amplio.
A Study of the Morphologies and Inversions of Model Oilfield Dispersions (1990)

Summary Using the surfactant/oil/water system C4H9OC2H4OH/n-C10H22/brine (0.01-M NaCl) and electrical-conductivity measurements, we determined the emulsion morphologies and the phase volume fractions at which inversion occurred at temperatures below the lower critical endpoint temperature and above the upper critical endpoint temperature. In both cases, inversion occurred at 45±5 vol% internal phase when that phase was the water-rich phase and at 60±5 vol% internal phase when that phase was the oil-rich phase. These results contradict the correlation between phase behavior and emulsion morphology that has been almost universally reported in the oil-recovery literature, but are in much better agreement with models for emulsion inversion that are based on packing arguments.
Pore Size Control of a Molecular Sieve Silica Membrane Prepared by a Counter Diffusion CVD Method (2007)

A molecular sieve silica membrane was successfully prepared by using a counter diffusion chemical vapor deposition method. Effects of silica precursors on permeation properties through the silica membranes were investigated. Five types of silica alkoxides (tetramethyorthosilicate (TMOS), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS), trimethylmethoxysilane (TMMOS), propyltrimethoxysilane (PrTMOS) and phenyltrimethoxysilane (PhTMOS)) were employed for the silica precursors. H2, N2 and SF6 permeances were measured through the silica membranes at 300°C. H2 permselective silica membranes were obtained from the smaller silica precursors such as TMOS, MTMOS or TMMOS. H2/N2 permecnces ratios were over 200, while N2/SF6 permeances ratios were around 1. According to the kinetic diameters of H2 (0.26 nm), N2 (0.36 nm) and SF6 (0.55 nm), pore sizes of the membranes were about 0.3 nm. N2 permselective silica membrane was obtained from the larger silica precursors such as PrTMOS or PhTMOS. N2/SF6 permeances ratios through the membranes prepared by PrTMOS or PhTMOS were 30 and 32, respectively. Those values are much larger than that of Knudsen diffusion (2.3). H2/N2 permeances ratios through the membranes were about 40 showing that the maximum pore sizes are around 0.5 nm. These results show that the pore size of silica membranes can be controlled by changing the silica precursors. The PhTMOS membrane was confirmed as a silica membrane without carbon remaining by the cross-sectional XPS measurements.
Robust voice-activity detection based on the wavelet transform (2002)

This paper describes a new approach to voice-activity detection (VAD) which is based on the wavelet transform (WT). The algorithm utilizes the WTs flexibility in the time-frequency resolution to compute robust parameters for VAD decision. Furthermore, it exhibits a low complexity and can be easily adapted to operate as a pre-processor for many speech-coding algorithms. Two versions of the wavelet-transform-based VAD (WT-VAD) are tested against the VAD of the ITU-T G.729 Annex B (G729) and the VAD of the GSM enhanced full-rate codec (GSM), respectively. For a variety of background-noise types the WT-VAD shows superior noise robustness to signal-to-noise ratios above 10 dB.
A highly specific D-hydroxyisovalerate dehydrogenase from the enniatin producer Fusarium sambucinum. (1992)

A highly specific D-hydroxyisovalerate (D-HIV) dehydrogenase, which is a key enzyme in depsipeptide synthesis, was purified to near homogeneity from the enniatin-producing fungus Fusarium sambucinum. The enzyme catalyzes the reversible reaction of 2-ketoisovalerate (2-KIV) to D-HIV. It is strictly dependent on NADPH and exhibits a high substrate specificity with respect to 2-KIV. NADH was not accepted by the enzyme. Km values for 2-KIV and NADPH were found to be 200 and 333 microM, respectively. D-HIV dehydrogenase consists of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of about 53 kDa. Optimum temperature for the reduction of 2-KIV was 35 degrees C and for the oxidation reaction was 45 degrees C. The optimum pH was found to be 7 for the reduction and 8-9 for the oxidation reaction.
Cyclic aristeromycin diphosphate ribose: A potent and poorly hydrolysable Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐mobilising mimic of cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (1996)

Cyclic aristeromycin diphosphate ribose, a carbocyclic analogue of cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose, was synthesised using a chemo-enzymatic route involving activation of aristeromycin 5'-phosphate by diphenyl phosphochloridate. The calcium-releasing properties of this novel analogue were investigated in sea urchin egg homogenates. While cyclic aristeromycin diphosphate ribose has a calcium release profile similar to that of cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (EC50 values are 80 nM and 30 nM, respectively), it is degraded significantly more slowly (t1/2 values are 170 min and 15 min, respectively) and may, therefore, be a useful tool to investigate the activities of cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose.
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL ADENOSINE AND ARA‐A, DEAMINASE INHIBITOR, (R)‐3‐(2‐DEOXY‐BETA‐D‐ERYTHROPENTO‐FURANOSYL)‐3,6,7,8‐TETRAHYDROIMIDAZO(4,5‐D)(1,3)DIAZEPIN‐8‐OL (1975)

Abstract Aus Streptomyces antibioticus wird ein starker Adenosin‐ und Ara‐A‐Desaminase‐ Inhibitor der Struktur (I) isoliert und strukturell sichergestellt.
Gastric tolerance of high-dose pulse oral prednisone in multiple sclerosis (1999)

Short-term high-dose oral prednisone is not associated with greater gastric damage, as measured with permeability tests, than IV methylprednisolone. High-dose oral prednisone should be considered a first-line treatment option for MS attacks.
Plasmid location of Borrelia purine biosynthesis gene homologs (1994)

The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi must survive in both its tick vector and its mammalian host to be maintained in nature. We have identified the B. burgdorferi guaA gene encoding GMP synthetase, an enzyme involved in de novo purine biosynthesis that is important for the survival of bacteria in mammalian blood. This gene encodes a functional product that will complement an Escherichia coli GMP synthetase mutant. The gene is located on a 26-kb circular plasmid, adjacent to and divergent from the gene encoding the outer surface protein C (OspC). The guaB gene homolog encoding IMP dehydrogenase, another enzyme in the purine biosynthetic pathway, is adjacent to guaA. In Borrelia hermsii, a tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete, the guaA and guaB genes are located on a linear plasmid. These are the first genes encoding proteins of known function to be mapped to a borrelial plasmid and the only example of genes encoding enzymes involved in the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway to be mapped to a plasmid in any organism. The unique plasmid location of these and perhaps other housekeeping genes may be a consequence of the segmented genomes in borreliae and reflect the need to adapt to both the arthropod and mammalian environments.
Nucleotide sequence of the S-2 mitochondrial DNA from the S cytoplasm of maize (1983)

Mitochondria from the S male-sterile cytoplasm (cms-S) of maize contain two plasmid-like DNAs, S-1 and S-2, that appear to be prominently involved with the cytoplasmic male sterility trait. The complete nucleotide sequence of the S-2 DNA molecule was determined by the chain termination method. The linear S-2 DNA molecule contains 5,452 base pairs and is terminated by exact 208-base-pair inverted repetitions. Two large open reading frames were identified in the S-2 DNA, suggesting the possibility of protein-encoding genes. The nucleotide sequence of the S-2 termini are discussed with regard to models proposed for the replication of linear DNA molecules.
Physician Burnout: Action Items to Confront the Problem (2018)

The well-being of physicians has been a trending topic among professionals in the field, medical organizations, and the media in recent years. The increased attention placed on burnout is with good reason, as research indicates that burnout among physicians is increasing at an alarming rate. Burnout can affect aspects of physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health. Three symptoms define burnout: loss of enthusiasm for work (emotional exhaustion), cynicism (depersonalization), and low sense of personal accomplishment (lack of efficacy). Identifying and combatting burnout can prove to be difficult. The most beneficial way to address burnout is to view it as a two-way street in which organizations and physicians commit to preventing, identifying, and addressing burnout. On the individual level, burnout and burnout prevention can be addressed through various lifestyle changes including mindfulness, adjusting eating habits, maintaining physical activity levels, and improving sleep habits. While we as individuals can try to mitigate the symptoms and causes of burnout, health care organizations and policymakers must do their part in addressing the problem as well. Wellness promotion and burnout prevention can and should begin in medical school, and continue throughout training and into our careers.
A Checklist of the bats (Chiroptera) of Bukit Mertajam, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia (2015)

A study was conducted at Bukit Mertajam Recreational Park, Penang between October and December 2010 to survey the diversity of Chiroptera in this area. A total of 379 individuals representing 13 species were captured over a period of nine trapping nights and the deployment of 23 harp traps. The most abundant bat species found at Bukit Mertajam is Hipposideros bicolor with 145 individuals. A preliminary checklist of the chiropteran fauna for Bukit Mertajam is presented.
Quantification and Patterns of Endothelial Cell Loss Due to Eye Bank Preparation and Injector Method in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Tissues (2015)

In this in vitro study, there was no difference in the cell loss associated with the injector method. Grafts in both groups sustained significant cell loss and displayed evidence of graft preparation and S-stamp placement. Improvement in graft preparation and injection methods may improve cell retention.
Comparison of Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis and Whole-Genome Sequencing for Investigation of Clostridium difficile Transmission (2013)

No study to date has compared multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in an investigation of the transmission of Clostridium difficile infection. Isolates from 61 adults with ongoing and/or recurrent C. difficile infections and 17 asymptomatic carriage episodes in children (201 samples), as well as from 61 suspected outbreaks affecting 2 to 41 patients in 31 hospitals in the United Kingdom (300 samples), underwent 7-locus MLVA and WGS in parallel. When the first and last samples from the same individual taken for a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 63 days (43 to 105 days) apart were compared, the estimated rates of the evolution of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), summed tandem-repeat differences (STRDs), and locus variants (LVs) were 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.00 to 1.75), 1.63 (95% CI, 0.00 to 3.59), and 1.21 (95% CI, 0.00 to 2.67)/called genome/year, respectively. Differences of >2 SNVs and >10 STRDs have been used to exclude direct case-to-case transmission. With the first serial sample per individual being used to assess discriminatory power, across all pairs of samples sharing a PCR ribotype, 192/283 (68%) differed by >10 STRDs and 217/283 (77%) by >2 SNVs. Among all pairs of cases from the same suspected outbreak, 1,190/1,488 (80%) pairs had concordant results using >2 SNVs and >10 STRDs to exclude transmission. For the discordant pairs, 229 (15%) had ≥2 SNVs but ≤10 STRDs, and 69 (5%) had ≤2 SNVs but ≥10 STRDs. Discordant pairs had higher numbers of LVs than concordant pairs, supporting the more diverse measure in each type of discordant pair. Conclusions on whether the potential outbreaks were confirmed were concordant in 58/61 (95%) investigations. Overall findings using MLVA and WGS were very similar despite the fact that they analyzed different parts of the bacterial genome. With improvements in WGS technology, it is likely that MLVA locus data will be available from WGS in the near future.
Catalysts From Alloys (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalysts From AlloysMurray RaneyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1940, 32, 9, 1199–1203Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50369a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50369a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views459Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
One solution of STB users cloud based profiling (2014)

The purpose of this paper is to present a solution for adaptable and efficient user profiling system for set-top-box (STB) devices. The system is set in the cloud environment and based on TR-069 remote management protocol and TR-135 data model for STB devices. The proposed solution allows the development of better and more precise applications for recommending TV and Internet based multimedia content. The system that we propose enables further creation of services that provide better, smarter and more comfortable experience for STB users.
Insulator: A Novel Genetic Regulatory Element (A Review Article) (2001)

Insulator is a new class of genetic regulatory elements found widely in both invertebrates and vertebrates. One of the possible biological functions of the insulator is as a boundary element that separates the active and inactive chromatin domains. The insulator element can shield a locus against outside influences such as an inappropriate activation by another regulatory element from nearby chromatin or a silencing effect from the heterochromatinization of a condensed chromatin. Several models have been proposed to explain the mechanisms for the insulator's actions. The unique property of the insulator as a protector against chromosomal position effects makes it useful for use in creating transgenic animals and in human gene therapy.