gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Background signals in wavelength-modulation spectrometry by use of frequency-doubled diode-laser light II Experiment (2001)

In an accompanying paper [Appl. Opt.40, 783–793 (2001)], we predict the existence of background signals from a frequency-doubled wavelength-modulated diode-laser system. We now demonstrate and characterize various nf harmonics of such background signals from a system producing light in the 422-nm region by use of a single-pass KNbO3 crystal with respect to the modulation amplitude, the laser center frequency, and the crystal temperature. It is demonstrated that 2f detection is plagued by considerably larger amounts of background signal than is detection at other higher, even harmonics. This result implies that 4f or 6f detection is often to be preferred in comparison with 2f detection when frequency-doubled wavelength-modulation spectrometry (WMS) is to be used. This preference is illustrated by the detection of Ca in an acetylene–air flame. It is also shown that the background signals have a much stronger dependence on the modulation amplitude than do the analytical signals. This difference implies that the optimum detectability for frequency-doubled WMS is often reached for modulation amplitudes lower than those normally used. An analysis of the effect of a finite temperature stability of the doubling crystal on the drift of the background signals as well as on the detectability is included. The results verify the theoretical description given in our accompanying paper.
Learning to change projects (2012)

Background: Most software effort estimation research focuses on methods that produce the most accurate models but very little focuses on methods of mapping those models to business needs.
Why cryptosystems fail (1994)

article Free Access Share on Why cryptosystems fail Author: Ross J. Anderson Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, UK Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, UKView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 37Issue 11Nov. 1994pp 32–40https://doi.org/10.1145/188280.188291Published:01 November 1994Publication History 172citation2,184DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations172Total Downloads2,184Last 12 Months58Last 6 weeks6 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Combinatorial Auction-Based Pricing for Multi-Tenant Autonomous Vehicle Public Transportation System (2015)

A smart city provides its people with high standard of living through advanced technologies, and transport is one of the major foci. With the advent of autonomous vehicles (AVs), an AV-based public transportation system has been proposed recently, which is capable of providing new forms of transportation services with high efficiency, high flexibility, and low cost. For the benefit of passengers, multi-tenancy can increase market competition leading to lower service charge and higher quality of service. In this paper, we study the pricing issue of the multi-tenant AV public transportation system and three types of services are defined. The pricing process for each service type is modeled as a combinatorial auction, in which the service providers, as bidders, compete for offering transportation services. The winners of the auction are determined through an integer linear program. To prevent the bidders from raising their bids for higher returns, we propose a strategy-proof Vickrey-Clarke-Groves-based charging mechanism, which can maximize the social welfare, to settle the final charges for the customers. We perform extensive simulations to verify the analytical results and evaluate the performance of the charging mechanism.
Designing a computer-based simulator for interventional cardiology training (2000)

Interventional cardiology training traditionally involves one-on-one experience following a master-apprentice model, much as other procedural disciplines. Development of a realistic computer-based training system that includes hand-eye coordination, catheter and guide wire choices, three-dimensional anatomic representations, and an integrated learning system is desirable, in order to permit learning to occur safely, without putting patients at risk. Here we present the first report of a PC-based simulator that incorporates synthetic fluoroscopy, real-time three-dimensional interactive anatomic display, and selective right- and left-sided coronary catheterization and angiography using actual catheters. Significant learning components also are integrated into the simulator.
Changing Behavior With Normative Feedback Interventions: A Field Experiment on Curbside Recycling (1999)

This field experiment increased the frequency of curbside recycling among community residents using feedback interventions that targeted personal and social norms. M y team of re-searchers observed curbside recycling behaviors of 605 residents of single-family dwellings for 17 weeks. Groups of contiguous houses were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 experimental conditions: plea, plea plus information, plea plus neighborhood feedback, plea plus individual household feedback, or the control condition. Interventions were implemented using door hangers delivered to each household over a 4-week period. Results showed significant increases from baseline in the frequency of participation and total amount of recycled material for the individual (i.e., personal norm) and the group feedback (i.e., descriptive norm ) interventions. None of the interventions altered the amount of contamination observed. These findings are interpreted as consistent with recent research on personal and social norms and suggest a link between behavior change produced through norm activation and behavior change produced through feedback. Implications for research and public policy are discussed.
Convergence dynamics of biochemical models to the global optimum (2011)

Stochastic nature of convergence of steady state stochastic global optimization methods causes several seemingly attractive approaches to reduce the length of the optimization procedure. The properties of convergence dynamics of evolutionary programming (EP) and particle swarm (PS) are studied optimizing yeast glycolysis by COPASI software adjusting parameters of one, five, ten and fifteen reactions with five identical runs for each case. Results indicate the potential and risks of shortening the optimization time improving the possibilities of systematic search of adjustable parameter combinations. The choice of optimization method depending on the model size and the number of adjustable parameters should be based on number of tests on the convergence quality, speed and repeatability.
Novel Nanostructured Polymeric Carriers to Enable Drug Delivery for Cardiovascular Diseases (2015)

Applications of polymeric nanotechnologies for enabling therapies for cardiovascular diseases have shown recent success. Both intravenous and oral administration have been investigated and achieved different degrees of development. While circulating polymeric nanostructured carriers are subjected to a number of interactions, smart nanoparticle design has enabled the formulation of active molecules to be delivered to specific targets for cardiovascular effects. This review aims at outlining the multiple factors that can affect the fate of polymeric nanostructured carriers in systemic circulation. With an understanding of these factors, the literature on the various polymeric nanostructured carriers is reviewed. Finally, the emerging uses of nanotechnology to formulate orally administered drugs for cardiovascular diseases are depicted.
Epitope Mapping of the Monoclonal Antibody MM12.10 to External MDR1 P-Glycoprotein Domain by Synthetic Peptide Scanning and Phage Display Technologies (1999)

Epitope mapping of MDR1-P-glycoprotein using specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) may help in delineating P-glycoprotein topology and hence in elucidating the relationship between its structural organization and drug-efflux pump function. In this work, by using synthetic peptide scanning and phage display technologies, the binding sites of the mAb MM12.10, a novel antibody to intact human multidrug resistant (MDR) cells, were studied. The results we obtained confirm that two regions localized on the predicted fourth and sixth loops are indeed external and that MDR1 peptides covering the inner domain of the current 12 transmembrane segment (TMs) model of P-glycoprotein could form part of the MM12.10 epitope.
Viral interactions with intermediate filaments: Paths less explored (2010)

Viral interactions with intermediate filaments: Paths less explored Samatha Sripada, Cecilia DayarajThe Dengue Group, National Institute of Virology, Pune, IndiaAbstract: The limited repertoire of viruses led to their exploitation of cellular machinery for various events in virus replication, starting from entry till egress. The major cellular contributors in this process are the cytoskeletal components, which serve as entry points into the cells and also as tracks and highways to reach the replication sites. The role of microfilaments and microtubules, two of the major cytoskeletal elements have been extensively studied with respect to virus replication. However, very little is known about the third component, the intermediate filaments. This could in part be due to the intermediate filaments having long been thought to be rigid structures providing mechanical support to the cells. With the increasing knowledge of the dynamic property of intermediate filaments, (owing to their association with microfilaments and microtubules) their role in membrane trafficking and endocytosis, uncovered, the idea that viruses might be exploiting these cytoskeletal elements is gaining impetus. In this review, we have attempted to link viruses with the intermediate filaments, as we believe that intermediate filaments might also be important for virus replication.Keywords: virus replication, microfilaments, microtubules
Travelers' Diarrhea in Mexico (1976)

We conducted a prospective study of travelers' diarrhea on 73 physicians and 48 family members attending a medical congress in Mexico City, in October, 1974. Fecal and blood specimens were collected before, during and after their visit and examined for enteric bacterial pathogens, viruses and parasites. In 59 (49 per cent) participants travelers' diarrhea developed. Median duration of illness was five days. Onset occurred a median of six days after arrival. An etiologic agent was found in 63 per cent of ill participants. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli of different, non-"enteropathogenic" serotypes was the most common cause; other responsible pathogens included salmonellae, invasive Esch. coli., shigellae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Giardia lamblia and the human reovirus-like agent. Consumption of salads containing raw vegetables was associated with enterotoxigenic Esch. coli infection (P = 0.014). Travelers' diarrhea in Mexico is a syndrome caused by a variety of pathogens, the most common of which is enterotoxigenic Esch. col.
Brazil: planned futility (1983)

Brazil: planned futility Get access Rainforest Corridors: The Trans-amazon Colonization SchemeSmith Nigel J.H., ( University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, 1982, 248, £22.95) Michael Watts, BA Michael Watts, BA 36, Sutton Street, Durham, Co. Durham, DH1 4DD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Science and Public Policy, Volume 10, Issue 4, August 1983, Pages 209–210, https://doi.org/10.1093/spp/10.4.209 Published: 01 August 1983
Wearable Nail Deformation Sensing for Behavioral and Biomechanical Monitoring and Human-Computer Interaction (2018)

The dynamics of the human fingertip enable haptic sensing and the ability to manipulate objects in the environment. Here we describe a wearable strain sensor, associated electronics, and software to detect and interpret the kinematics of deformation in human fingernails. Differential forces exerted by fingertip pulp, rugged connections to the musculoskeletal system and physical contact with the free edge of the nail plate itself cause fingernail deformation. We quantify nail warpage on the order of microns in the longitudinal and lateral axes with a set of strain gauges attached to the nail. The wearable device transmits raw deformation data to an off-finger device for interpretation. Simple motions, gestures, finger-writing, grip strength, and activation time, as well as more complex idioms consisting of multiple grips, are identified and quantified. We demonstrate the use of this technology as a human-computer interface, clinical feature generator, and means to characterize workplace tasks.
Single-cell copy number variation detection (2011)

Detection of chromosomal aberrations from a single cell by array comparative genomic hybridization (single-cell array CGH), instead of from a population of cells, is an emerging technique. However, such detection is challenging because of the genome artifacts and the DNA amplification process inherent to the single cell approach. Current normalization algorithms result in inaccurate aberration detection for single-cell data. We propose a normalization method based on channel, genome composition and recurrent genome artifact corrections. We demonstrate that the proposed channel clone normalization significantly improves the copy number variation detection in both simulated and real single-cell array CGH data.
Dynamic gain equalization in two-stage fiber amplifiers (1990)

Relative gain differences among channels in WDM-amplified lightwave systems can be corrected in two-stage fiber amplifiers having complementary gain spectra in each stage. With two channels spaced by 2.5 nm, relative gain corrections of 1 dB were demonstrated. Simulations show that this method can be used to dynamically equalize the channel gain in long-distance transmission systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phase-II randomized study of preoperative IL-2 administration in radically operable gastric cancer patients. (2005)

This phase II study would suggest that a preoperative immunotherapy with IL-2 is a well tolerated treatment able to prevent surgery induced lymphocytopenia. IL-2 seems to neutralize the immunosuppression induced by operation and so to stimulate the host reaction against tumor tissue (lymphocytes/eosinophils infiltration). Next randomized clinical trials could investigate the prognostic impact of IL-2 on the clinical course.
Ultrathin Layers of Densely Packed Prussian Blue Nanoclusters Prepared from a Ferricyanide Solution (2003)

Uniformly distributed Prussian blue nanoclusters with a thickness less than 50 nm were electrodeposited from an acidic solution containing only ferricyanide ions. The distinctive morphology of the deposited ultrathin layers of Prussian Blue ensures excellent performance in potassium ion-selective chemical sensors and in biosensors.
Recommendations for transoesophageal echocardiography: update 2010 (2010)

Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) is a standard and indispensable technique in clinical practice. The present recommendations represent an update and extension of the recommendations published in 2001 by the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology. New developments covered include technical advances such as 3D transoesophageal echo as well as developing applications such as transoesophageal echo in aortic valve repair and in valvular interventions, as well as a full section on perioperative TOE.
Luteolin Induced-growth Inhibition and Apoptosis of Human Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma Cell Line Eca109 Cells in vitro (2012)

Luteolin is a plant flavonoid which exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. However, the antiproliferative potential of luteolin is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of luteolin on cell cycling and apoptosis in human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line Eca109 cells. MTT assays showed that luteolin had obvious cytotoxicity on Eca109 with an IC50 of 70.7±1.72 μM at 24 h. Luteolin arrested cell cycle progression in the G0/G1 phase and prevented entry into S phase in a dose- and time-dependent manner. as assessed by FCM. Luteolin induced apoptosis of Eca109 cells was demonstrated by AO/EB staining assay and annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Moreover, luteolin downregulated the expression of cyclin D1, survivin and c-myc, and it also upregulated the expression of p53, in line with the fact that luteolin was able to inhibit Eca109 cell proliferation.
Intermittent Continuous Positive Airway Pressure by Mask. Its Use in the Treatment of Atelectasis (1983)

• We used continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) applied intermittently by face mask to treat a patient with falling Pao 2 secondary to atelectasis. The Pao2 increased with each successive CPAP treatment. ( Arch Surg 1982;117:970-972)
Soil pH Mapping with an On-The-Go Sensor (2011)

Soil pH is a key parameter for crop productivity, therefore, its spatial variation should be adequately addressed to improve precision management decisions. Recently, the Veris pH Manager™, a sensor for high-resolution mapping of soil pH at the field scale, has been made commercially available in the US. While driving over the field, soil pH is measured on-the-go directly within the soil by ion selective antimony electrodes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Veris pH Manager™ under farming conditions in Germany. Sensor readings were compared with data obtained by standard protocols of soil pH assessment. Experiments took place under different scenarios: (a) controlled tests in the lab, (b) semicontrolled test on transects in a stop-and-go mode, and (c) tests under practical conditions in the field with the sensor working in its typical on-the-go mode. Accuracy issues, problems, options, and potential benefits of the Veris pH Manager™ were addressed. The tests demonstrated a high degree of linearity between standard laboratory values and sensor readings. Under practical conditions in the field (scenario c), the measure of fit (r(2)) for the regression between the on-the-go measurements and the reference data was 0.71, 0.63, and 0.84, respectively. Field-specific calibration was necessary to reduce systematic errors. Accuracy of the on-the-go maps was considerably higher compared with the pH maps obtained by following the standard protocols, and the error in calculating lime requirements was reduced by about one half. However, the system showed some weaknesses due to blockage by residual straw and weed roots. If these problems were solved, the on-the-go sensor investigated here could be an efficient alternative to standard sampling protocols as a basis for liming in Germany.
Axillary pilonidal sinus: A case report. (2009)

In our opinion; surgical therapy of axillary pilonidal sinus, allows to complete resection in addition to absolute histopathological diagnoses and it may be an appropriate choice of treatment especially for the disease having one or two sinuses.
Correction for beam hardening artefacts in computerised tomography. (1998)

Conventional computerised tomography systems (CT) are usually equipped with polyenergetic X-ray sources, which prevents accurate density measurements because of the general CT-image artefact called beam hardening (BH). BH results in false gradients of the linear attenuation coefficient in the CT cross section images, indicating a non-existent density or composition gradient in the imaged object. A number of methods have been proposed to correct for, or limit the effect of, beam hardening. One of these is called linearisation of the CT-data, in which the polyenergetic CT-data are transformed to monoenergetic CT-data. This requires knowledge of the CT-data as a function of object thickness. Data points to derive this function are usually measured using a set of samples of different object material thicknesses at the imaging parameter settings used and fitted with a polynomial. However, the sample preparation makes this method tedious to use. In this work a simulation method has been developed, which can accurately simulate the polyenergetic CT-data for any arbitrary object material and thickness if a priori information of the object material density and composition exists. The simulation method requires detailed knowledge of the imaging system, that is, X-ray energy spectra, detector response and information transfer from detector to digitised data. Besides developing the simulation tool, it has been shown that one of the major difficulties with this BH-correction method is to accurately determine the curvature of the function representing the polyenergetic CT-data. Earlier proposed endorsements to fit a second-degree polynomial to the polyenergetic CT-data are not sufficient to describe its curvature, at least a polynomial of degree eight or higher is required. Here cubic-spine interpolation is used, which avoids the problem.
Treatment of AML with Azacytidine (AZA): Current Results of the French ATU Program. (2007)

Abstract Background: AZA is an approved drug for MDS by FDA, currently being investigated in AML. ATUs are patient named programs launched by French health authorities for yet unapproved but promising drugs, and one is ongoing for AZA in MDS and AML. Patients: 108 AML pts from 29 centres included from Sept 2004 to June 2007 in this program, and who had completed at least one course of AZA, are analyzed. They received AZA 75 mg/m2/d (d 1–7) (SC) every 4 weeks, planned for a minimum of 4 courses. Results: Median age was 75 y [range 43–91], M/F was 66/42. 51 pts had AML without and 57 pts with preceding MDS, p-AML and s-AML, respectively (resp). Pts had M0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, in 8, 16, 30, 0, 21, 15, 6 and 4% of cases, resp. 42, 17 and 12 pts were resistant, in first or second relapse, resp, to previous cytotoxic chemotherapy (CT), including intensive anthr-AraC CT in 64 pts and LD AraC in 7, while 37 pts (all with s-AML) were untreated. Karyotype was normal, fav (t(8;21), inv 16), unfav (−7/7q- or complex), int (all others) and NA in 38, 0, 45, 18 pts and 7 pts, resp. Pts received a median of 4 cycles [range 2–16]. Response was assessed only after 4 cycles, unless pts progressed before. Thus, 15 pts were not yet evaluable. Of the remaining 93 pts, 12 (13%) achieved CR, 34 (36%) PR, (OR=49%) and 43 (46%) were considered failure. 4 pts died before end of cycle 2, without evidence of progression. 35 of the 46 responders received maintenance therapy after response was achieved. Allogeneic SCT was performed in 5 responders (2 CR+3 PR). Myelosuppression lead to dose reduction in 16% pts and hospitalization in 17% pts but no toxic death was seen. Other side effects included local reactions (reversible with local NSAID) (19%), grade I-II GI disorders (52%). OR was 34% (11% CR+23% PR) in p-AML and 60% in s-AML pts (12% CR+48% PR) (p&lt;0.05). In p-AML, OR was 75%, 17%, 11% for normal, int and unfav karyotype (p&lt;0.001), while in s-AML, OR was 73%, 57%, 48% for normal, int and unfav karyotype (p=NS). Considering previous treatments, OR in p-AML was 63% and 24% for pts in 1st relapse and &gt; 1 relapse/refractory, resp (p&lt;0.05). In s-AML, OR was 61% and 46%, in previously treated or not pts, resp (p=NS). Median actuarial response duration was 6 months (m) (range 1–22+) in s-AML, and 3 m (1–28+) in p-AML. Median actuarial survival was 9 m [3–30] and 5 m [2–31+[in s- and p-AML, resp. Conclusion: In this very high risk population (in relapse, refractory or post MDS), AZA gave 49% CR and PR, which were higher in s-AML. A prognostic value of cytogenetics and of prior treatment for response was seen in p-AML, but was only marginal in s-AML. An update will be presented.