gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential Distribution of the Neuron-Associated Class III β-Tubulin in Neuroendocrine Lung Tumors (2000)

In the context of neuroendocrine lung tumors, beta III immunoreactivity is a molecular signature of high-grade malignant neoplasms (small cell lung cancer and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma) although its importance in atypical carcinoids must be evaluated further. In addition, beta III may be a useful diagnostic marker in distinguishing between small cell lung cancers and certain non-small cell lung cancers (poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas), especially in small biopsy specimens. To our knowledge, beta III is the only tumor biomarker that exhibits a substantially more widespread distribution in poorly differentiated than in better differentiated pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. However, the significance of beta III phenotypes in non-small cell lung cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, with respect to neuroendocrine differentiation and prognostic value, requires further evaluation.
High repetition rate 300 ps pulses ultraviolet source passively Q:switched microchip laser and a multipass amplifier (1999)

International audience
Secure and Policy-Compliant Source Routing (2009)

In today's Internet, inter-domain route control remains elusive; nevertheless, such control could improve the performance, reliability, and utility of the network for end users and ISPs alike. While researchers have proposed a number of source routing techniques to combat this limitation, there has thus far been no way for independent ASes to ensure that such traffic does not circumvent local traffic policies, nor to accurately determine the correct party to charge for forwarding the traffic. We present Platypus, an authenticated source routing system built around the concept of network capabilities, which allow for accountable, fine-grained path selection by cryptographically attesting to policy compliance at each hop along a source route. Capabilities can be composed to construct routes through multiple ASes and can be delegated to third parties. Platypus caters to the needs of both end users and ISPs: users gain the ability to pool their resources and select routes other than the default, while ISPs maintain control over where, when, and whose packets traverse their networks. We describe the design and implementation of an extensive Platypus policy framework that can be used to address several issues in wide-area routing at both the edge and the core, and evaluate its performance and security. Our results show that incremental deployment of Platypus can achieve immediate gains.
Integration of field effect transistor-based biosensors with a digital microfluidic device for a lab-on-a-chip application (2012)

A new platform for lab-on-a-chip system is suggested that utilizes a biosensor array embedded in a digital microfluidic device. With field effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors embedded in the middle of droplet-driving electrodes, the proposed digital microfluidic device can electrically detect avian influenza antibody (anti-AI) in real time by tracing the drain current of the FET-based biosensor without a labeling process. Digitized transport of a target droplet enclosing anti-AI from an inlet to the embedded sensor is enabled by the actuation of electrowetting-on-dielectrics (EWOD). A reduction of the drain current is observed when the target droplet is merged with a pre-existing droplet on the embedded sensor. This reduction of the drain current is attributed to the specific binding of the antigen and the antibody of the AI. The proposed hybrid device consisting of the FET-based sensor and an EWOD device, built on a coplanar substrate by monolithic integration, is fully compatible with current fabrication technology for control and read-out circuitry. Such a completely electrical manner of inducing the transport of bio-molecules, the detection of bio-molecules, the recording of signals, signal processing, and the data transmission process does not require a pump, a fluidic channel, or a bulky transducer. Thus, the proposed platform can contribute to the construction of an all-in-one chip.
Activation of the <i>hprt</i> gene on the inactive X chromosome in transformed diploid female Chinese hamster cells (1989)

Treatment with 5-azacytidine, a potent inhibitor of DNA methylation, was used to induce activation of the selectable hprt gene on the inactive X chromosome in a diploid female Chinese hamster cell line. The transformed, stably diploid cell line F3B was selected in media containing the lethal purine analogue 6-thioguanine, to generate a phenotypically HPRT- mutant, F3BT1, of presumed genotype hprt-/hprt(+), where (+) represents the presumably wild-type allele on the inactive X chromosome. Treatment of F3BT1 with 5-azacytidine resulted in phenotypic reversion to HPRT+ at a frequency greater than 10(-3). Similar treatment of 6-thioguanine-resistant control lines derived from male cells, or from CHO (which has no inactive X chromosome), had no effect on the frequency of phenotypic reversion, indicating that activation of the hprt(+) allele, rather than reversion of the hprt- is responsible. This conclusion is substantiated by documentation of the low mutagenic capacity of 5-azacytidine in this system. Proof that the hprt(+) allele can be activated by 5-azacytidine treatment was obtained in somatic cell hybrids in which hprt gene products from the active and inactive X chromosomes could be distinguished by isoelectric focusing. Our results demonstrate that X-linked gene activation associated with generalized DNA demethylation occurs with high frequency in transformed diploid Chinese hamster cells.
Preparation of Synthetic Malachite. Reaction between Cupric Sulfate and Sodium Carbonate Solutions (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of Synthetic Malachite. Reaction between Cupric Sulfate and Sodium Carbonate SolutionsH. S. Parekh and A. C. T. HsuCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1968, 7, 3, 222–226Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360027a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i360027a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views286Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Nifedipine blocks Ca<sup>2+</sup> store refilling through a pathway not involving L‐type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels in rabbit arteriolar smooth muscle (2001)

This study assessed the contribution of L-type Ca2+ channels and other Ca2+ entry pathways to Ca2+ store refilling in choroidal arteriolar smooth muscle. Voltage-clamp recordings were made from enzymatically isolated choroidal microvascular smooth muscle cells and from cells within vessel fragments (containing < 10 cells) using the whole-cell perforated patch-clamp technique. Cell Ca2+ was estimated by fura-2 microfluorimetry. After Ca2+ store depletion with caffeine (10 mM), refilling was slower in cells held at -20 mV compared to -80 mV (refilling half-time was 38 +/- 10 and 20 +/- 6 s, respectively). To attempt faster refilling via L-type Ca2+ channels, depolarising steps from -60 to -20 mV were applied during a 30 s refilling period following caffeine depletion. Each step activated L-type Ca2+ currents and [Ca2+]i transients, but failed to accelerate refilling. At -80 mV and in 20 mM TEA, prolonged caffeine exposure produced a transient Ca2+-activated Cl- current (I(Cl)(Ca)) followed by a smaller sustained current. The sustained current was resistant to anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (1 mM; an I(Cl)(Ca) blocker) and to BAPTA AM, but was abolished by 1 microM nifedipine. This nifedipine-sensitive current reversed at +29 +/- 2 mV, which shifted to +7 +/- 5 mV in Ca2+-free solution. Cyclopiazonic acid (20 microM; an inhibitor of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase) also activated the nifedipine-sensitive sustained current. At -80 mV, a 5 s caffeine exposure emptied Ca2+ stores and elicited a transient I(Cl)(Ca). After 80 s refilling, another caffeine challenge produced a similar inward current. Nifedipine (1 microM) during refilling reduced the caffeine-activated I(Cl)(Ca) by 38 +/- 5 %. The effect was concentration dependent (1-3000 nM, EC50 64 nM). In Ca2+-free solution, store refilling was similarly depressed (by 46 +/- 6 %). Endothelin-1 (10 nM) applied at -80 mV increased [Ca2+]i, which subsided to a sustained 198 +/- 28 nM above basal. Cell Ca2+ was then lowered by 1 microM nifedipine (to 135 +/- 22 nM), which reversed on washout. These results show that L-type Ca2+ channels fail to contribute to Ca2+ store refilling in choroidal arteriolar smooth muscle. Instead, they refill via a novel non-selective store-operated cation conductance that is blocked by nifedipine.
A survey of contemporary instructional operating systems for use in undergraduate courses (2005)

An instructional operating system is one intended for use in teaching courses in operating systems. Student programming assignments develop or enhance the instructional operating system. This paper presents an overview of the issues related to using operating systems, especially instructional ones, in coursework. We also present results of a survey we conducted to determine which instructional operating systems are in use at campuses in the United States.
Porous silicon preparation: Alchemy or electrochemistry? (1992)

In microporous silicon (microPS) every tenth atom is a surface atom and surface processes in silicon are notoriously difficult to study, making the investigation of effects such as electroluminescence difficult. Add to this the profound effects of varying the production parameters and one has a complicated situation where results are often difficult to interpret correctly. Several preparation techniques are reviewed and recent progress made in understanding microPS discussed.
The <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae MVP1</i> Gene Interacts with <i>VPS1</i> and Is Required for Vacuolar Protein Sorting (1995)

The VPS1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes an 80-kDa GTPase that associates with Golgi membranes and is required for the sorting of proteins to the yeast vacuole. Vps1p is a member of a growing family of high-molecular-weight GTPases that are found in a number of organisms and are involved in a variety of cellular processes. Vps1p is most similar to mammalian dynamin and the Drosophila Shibire protein, both of which have been shown to play a role in an early step of endocytosis. To identify proteins that interact with Vps1p, a genetic screen was designed to isolate multicopy suppressors of dominant-negative vps1 mutations. One such suppressor, MVP1, that exhibits genetic interaction with VPS1 and is itself required for vacuolar protein sorting has been isolated. Overproduction of Mvp1p will suppress several dominant alleles of VPS1, and suppression is dependent on the presence of wild-type Vps1p. MVP1 encodes a 59-kDa hydrophilic protein, Mvp1p, which appears to colocalize with Vps1p in vps1d and vps27 delta yeast cells. We therefore propose that Mvp1p and Vps1p act in concert to promote membrane traffic to the vacuole.
Drawing Sticky Adeno‐Associated Viruses on Surfaces for Spatially Patterned Gene Expression (2012)

Klebriges Zeug: Eine vielseitige Strategie zur räumlichen Kontrolle der Genexpression von Säugerzellen wurde entwickelt. Ein Catecholamin-Polymer (PEI-C) wird für die Funktionalisierung der Oberflächen von Adeno-assoziierten Viren (AAV) verwendet. Durch die gute Hafteigenschaft des Catechols unter Wasser werden AAV/PEI-C-Hybridvektoren sehr klebrig und führen zu einer räumlich geordneten Anlagerung der Viren auf Substraten durch einfache „Genvektor-Zeichnung“ (siehe Bild). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A critical role for non-coding RNA <i>GAS5</i> in growth arrest and rapamycin inhibition in human T-lymphocytes (2011)

Non-coding RNA GAS5 (growth arrest-specific transcript 5) is a 5'-TOP (5'-terminal oligopyrimidine tract) RNA, whose translation, and consequently also stability, is controlled by the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway. GAS5 was identified by functional expression cloning and is necessary and sufficient for normal growth arrest in both leukaemic and untransformed human T-lymphocytes. GAS5 is also required for the inhibitory effects of rapamycin and its analogues on T-cells. The striking functional effects of GAS5 may be mediated through the snoRNAs (small nucleolar RNAs) encoded in its introns and/or through the unusual folding of the mRNA itself, which sequesters, and therefore inhibits, the glucocorticoid receptor.
Modulating effect by zinc on hepatic lysosomal fragility induced by surface-active agents. (1980)

In vitro studies on rat hepatic lysosomal stability, as assessed by release of beta-glucuronidase, were undertaken to demonstrate the comparative influence of surface-active agents which act by various mechanisms. Bile acids, short chain alcohols, acetylsalicylic acid, and Triton X-100 were studied, as well as their interaction with zinc. The detergents and alcohols enhanced release of this acid hydrolase in a dose dependent fashion, but acetylsalicylic acid did not. Zinc antagonized these effects in a non-specific manner. It is postulated that zinc stabilized lysosomes by direct action on the lysosomal membrane, such as by surface protein interactions, but the precise mechanism remains unknown.
Molecular cloning of staphylococcal enterotoxin B gene in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. (1985)

We have cloned the Staphylococcus aureus entB gene in Escherichia coli, using pBR322 as the vector plasmid; however, no detectable staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) was produced by the E. coli clones. When the entB gene was placed downstream from the strong lambda phage promoter, PR, SEB was synthesized at readily detectable levels in E. coli. Interestingly, mature SEB was almost exclusively present in the cytoplasmic fraction. The SEB precursor was found associated with the cell membrane. The entB gene was introduced back into S. aureus, and the clones were shown to produce SEB. The entB gene has been located to a 2.1-kilobase-pair region. Maxam-Gilbert sequencing of a part of the entB gene yielded a DNA sequence that corresponds to the known amino acid sequence of SEB. Southern hybridization experiments showed that the entB gene was present on identical restriction fragments in the chromosomes of SEB-producer strains. The entB gene is absent from SEB-nonproducer strains.
Concepts for service provision in disaster environments (2012)

Mobile devices like smartphones and tablets gain in power as well as in popularity each day and introduce new opportunities in life saving missions. When interconnecting mobile devices of first responders an ad-hoc peer-to-peer network can be created providing important services like voice communication, for instance. Realizing such a system in the field poses different challenges which are investigated in this work. Finally, a short insight into my current research is given.
Cigarette Smoke Gas Phase and<i>Paramecium</i>Survival (1968)

The effect of cigarette smoke gas phase on the survival time of Paramecium aurelia was studied with an intermittent method of exposure. This method simulated human smoking and revealed the ability of activated charcoal to reduce the toxic effect of gas phase.
High Temperature Oxidation of Co-10 w/o Cr Alloys (1969)

Thermogravimetric studies of the oxidation kinetics of Co‐10 w/o Cr have been carried out in the temperature range 800°–1300°C at oxygen pressures from 0.05 to 760 Torr. The over‐all oxidation is parabolic, and the oxygen pressure dependence of the rate constant can be expressed by , where varies from 3 at 900° to 2.5 at 1300°C. The oxidation is faster than that of pure cobalt. The oxide scale is double‐layered and consists of an outer layer and an inner layer of and particles embedded in a matrix. The inner layer also contains 30–35 v/o (volume per cent) porosity. It is concluded that the oxidation is controlled by Co‐vacancy diffusion in the . The spinel inclusions inhibit the oxidation by decreasing the effective diffusion area in the scale. The pores partially short‐circuit the solid‐state diffusion through the scale due to oxygen transport across the pores; the porosity then serves to increase the oxidation. Semiconductor valence effects due to dissolution of chromium in the phase are concluded to be of minor importance as regards the relative oxidation behavior of pure cobalt and Co‐10 w/o Cr alloy.
Structure of the Si(111)-Ca<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">F</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Interface (1988)

The structure of the Si(111)-Ca${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ interface has been determined with medium-energy ion scattering. Ca bonds to the Si substrate in a geometric arrangement virtually identical to Ca${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$. Half of the F atoms at the interface are missing; there is no F-Si bonding and the interface is charge neutral. The structure we find has not been considered previously and provides a natural explanation for the results of published photoemission studies.
IgA nephropathy in a laboratory worker that progressed to end-stage renal disease (2016)

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of glomerulonephritis, a principal cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. The mechanisms of onset and progression of IgAN have not been fully revealed, and epidemiologic studies have yielded diverging opinions as to the role of occupational exposure to organic solvents in the initiation or worsening of IgAN. As the authors encountered a laboratory worker with IgAN that progressed to ESRD, we present a case report of IgAN progression due to dichloromethane exposure along with a review of literature. Case presentation: A 41-year-old male laboratory worker began to experience gross painless hematuria after two years of occupational exposure to toluene. Although clinical follow-up was initiated under the impression of IgAN based on clinical findings, the patient continued to work for four more years in the same laboratory, during which he was in charge of laboratory analysis with direct exposure to a high concentration of dichloromethane without proper protective equipment. During that time, his renal function rapidly worsened and finally progressed to ESRD 10 years after the first clinical symptoms. The result of exposure assessment through reenactment of his work exceeded the occupational exposure limit for dichloromethane to a considerable degree. Conclusions: The causal association between occupational solvent exposure and IgAN is still unclear; therefore, this case report could be used as a basis to support the relevance of occupational solvent exposure to IgAN and/or its progression. Early intervention as well as close monitoring of laboratory workers exposed to various organic solvents is important to prevent or delay the progression of glomerulonephritis to ESRD in the occupational setting.
Neural Response Telemetry Reconsidered: I. The Relevance of ECAP Threshold Profiles and Scaled Profiles to Cochlear Implant Fitting (2010)

The scaled ECAP threshold profile method provides a clinically significant enhancement to ECAP-based fitting methods, confirming the value of the ECAP threshold profile to cochlear implant fitting.
The Effect of Diabetes on Expression of β1-,β2-, and β3-Adrenoreceptors in Rat Hearts (2001)

Diabetic hearts exhibit decreased responsiveness to stimulation by beta-adrenoreceptor (beta-AR) agonists. This decrease in activity may be due to changes in expression and/or signaling of beta-AR. Recently we showed that right atrial strips from 14-week streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat hearts exhibit decreased responsiveness to beta1-AR agonist stimulation, but not to beta2-AR agonist. In the present study, we investigated the effects of long-term diabetes on the expression of cardiac beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-ARs and looked at whether these changes could be restored with insulin treatment. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), PAGE, and Western blot analysis, we found that beta1-AR mRNA and protein levels decreased by 34.9 +/- 5.8 and 44.4 +/- 5.8%, respectively, in 14 week-STZ-treated diabetic rat hearts when compared with age-matched controls. On the other hand, mRNA levels encoding beta2- and beta3-ARs increased by 72.5 +/- 16.6 and 97.3 +/- 26.1%, respectively. Although the latter translated into a proportional increase in beta3-AR protein levels (100.0 +/- 17.0%), beta2-AR protein levels decreased to 82.6 +/- 1.1% of control. Insulin treatment for 2 weeks, after 12 weeks of untreated diabetes, partially restored beta1-AR mRNA and protein levels to 60.1 +/- 8.4 and 83.2 +/- 5.0%, respectively, of control. Although insulin treatment minimally attenuated the rise in mRNA levels encoding beta2- and beta3-ARs, the steady-state levels of these proteins returned to near control values. These data suggest that the decreased responsiveness of diabetic hearts to stimulation of beta-AR agonists may be due to a decrease in beta1-AR and an increase beta3-AR expression.
Ultra-low slope medium-dispersion fiber for wide-band transmissions (2004)

Ultra-low slope medium-dispersion fiber has been designed and fabricated: dispersion is at 8 ps/nm-km, slope down to 0.009 ps/nm/sup 2/-km, while effective area is around 50 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ @1550 nm. Numerical investigations of matching DCF exhibiting high effective area and small residual dispersion are also reported.