gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quality-oriented Production Planning of Battery Assembly Systems for Electric Mobility (2014)

Electric mobility seems to be a viable solution for individual mobility in future. However, the use of these alternative drives is accompanied by high costs caused by the battery production. One approach to reduce the production costs is to reduce the rejection rate by integrating appropriate quality assurance measurements in assembly systems. To avoid subsequent, expensive modifications, those measurements must be integrated into the assembly system planning. Therefore, possible integrated measurement technologies for quality-critical characteristics have to be developed and evaluated for the use in the battery assembly. The results are integrated in a planning system to support assembly planners.
A 0.3-V CMOS Biofuel-Cell-Powered Wireless Glucose/Lactate Biosensing System (2018)

This paper presents a self-powered wireless physiochemical sensing system for monitoring of glucose or lactate in bodily fluids. The biosensor chip consists of a duty-cycled biofuel cell (BFC) maximum power point tracker analog front end, a passive AΣ analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an RF power oscillator transmitter using a 1-cm external loop antenna, digital data storage, and timing and clock generation circuitries, all designed to operate from the dynamic 0.3-V BFC output voltage. The biosensor chip, implemented in 65-nm CMOS and exclusively powered via an enzymatic BFC, can successfully detect changes in glucose/lactate concentration between 2.5 and 15 mM, for the first demonstration of an integrated self-powered chemical biosensing system with digital wireless readout. The biosensor consumes an average power of 1.15 μW.
Extraction of object-oriented structures from existing relational databases (1997)

Due to the wide use of object-oriented technology in software development and the existence of many relational databases, reverse engineering of relational schemas to object-oriented schemas is gaining in interest. One of the major problems with existing approaches for this schema mapping is that they fail to take into consideration many modern relational database design alternatives (e.g., use of binary data to store multiple-valued attributes). This paper presents a schema mapping procedure that can be applied on existing relational databases without changing their schema. The procedure maps a relational schema that is at least in 2NF into an object-oriented schema by taking into consideration various types of relational database design optimizations.
Avalanche photodiode punch-through gain determination through excess noise analysis (2009)

A new approach to determine the multiplication gain at punch-through for an avalanche photodiode with separate absorption and multiplication regions from excess noise measurement is discussed. Correctly determining the gain at punch-through is crucial for characterizing performance parameters of this type of avalanche photodiode. In order to illustrate the viability of this technique, in this work, a Ge on Si avalanche photodiode is analyzed. At a punch-through bias of 15 V, the multiplication gain was determined to be ∼1.54 while a simulation based on the device structure yielded a punch-through gain of 1.65.
Evaluation of Antibody Responses Elicited by Immunization of Mice with a Pneumococcal Antigen Genetically Fused to Murine HSP70 and Murine Interleukin-4 (2006)

The heat shock (stress) protein HSP70 has been shown to be a potent stimulator of cellular immune responses. In order to determine whether HSP70 has the ability to stimulate antibody responses, we constructed and expressed fusion proteins consisting of murine HSP70 or murine interleukin (IL)-4 covalently linked to a pneumococcal cell wall-associated protein antigen designated PpmA. Immunization of mice with the PpmA-HSP70 fusion protein (PpmA-70) failed to elicit an increased PpmA-specific serum antibody response. In contrast, mice immunized with PpmA fused to IL-4 (PpmA-IL4), or PpmA fused to both IL-4 and HSP70 (PpmA-IL4-70) fusion proteins elicited high levels of PpmA-specific antibody responses. These data suggest that HSP70 has a limited capacity to stimulate immune responses to heterologous antigens in vivo.
Dimerization Opens New Avenues into Ras Signaling Research (2014)

Several reports using recently developed physicochemical and imaging techniques have provided experimental evidence for the existence of dimers of Ras proteins, which was first postulated more than 25 years ago. These data have sparked renewed interest in the potential physiological and pathological importance of homo- or heterodimerization of Ras proteins. Understanding the structural and functional properties of Ras dimers should provide mechanistic explanations for unanswered questions regarding the involvement of Ras proteins in signaling pathways that contribute to both normal physiology and oncogenic processes. Furthermore, this knowledge should enable the development of new drugs targeting Ras proteins.
<i>Pasteurella multocida</i>Peritonitis Another Risk of Animal- Assisted Therapy (2004)

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Posttranslational Regulation of a Leishmania HEXXH Metalloprotease (gp63) (1996)

Leishmanolysin (EC 3.4.24.36) (gp63) is a HEXXH metalloprotease, encoded by multicopied genes in Leishmania and implicated in the infectivity of these parasitic protozoa. We examined posttranslational regulation of gp63 expression by site-specific mutagenesis of the predicted catalytic/zinc-binding sites in the H264EXXH motif, the potential sites of N-glycosylation and glycosyl phosphatidylinositol addition. Mutant and wild-type genes were cloned into a Leishmania-specific vector for transfecting a deficient variant, which produced gp63 approximately 20-fold less than wild-type cells. The selective conditions chosen fully restored this deficiency in transfectants with the wild-type gene. Under these conditions, all transfectants were found comparable in both the plasmid copy number per cell and elevation of gp63 transcripts. Mutant and wild-type products in the transfectants were then compared quantitatively and qualitatively by specific immunologic and protease assays. The results indicate the following. 1) Glu-265 in the HEXXH motif is indispensable for the catalytic activity of gp63. The propeptide of the inactive mutant products was cleaved, suggestive of a non-intramolecular event. 2) Substitution of either His residue in HEXXH leads to apparent intracellular degradation of the mutant products, pointing to a role for zinc binding in in vivo stability of gp63. 3) The three potential sites of N-glycosylation at Asn-300, Asn-407, and Asn-534 are all utilized and contribute to intracellular stability of gp63. 4) Substitution of Asn-577 causes release of all mutant products, indicative of its specificity as a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol addition site for membrane anchoring of gp63. It is suggested that expression of gp63 as a functional protease is regulated by these posttranslational modification pathways.
Urea: a comprehensive review of the clinical literature - eScholarship (2013)

Introduction: Urea is an organic compound that has been used clinically for dermatological diseases for more than a century. Urea is a potent emollient and keratolytic agent, making urea an effective monotherapy for conditions associated with dry and scaly skin. A systematic review of the literature is needed to provide clinicians with evidence-based applications of urea in the treatment of dermatological diseases. Methods: A PubMed search was conducted using the term “urea” combined with “skin,” “ichthyosis,” “psoriasis,” “xerosis,” “emollient,” “onychomycosis,” “dermatitis,” and “avulsion.” A total of 81 publications met inclusion criteria and were evaluated. Treatment indication(s), test agents, number of subjects, treatment protocols, results, and side effects were recorded. Results: Effective treatment with urea has been reported for the following conditions: ichthyosis, xerosis, atopic dermatitis/eczema, contact dermatitis, radiation induced dermatitis, psoriasis/seborrheic dermatitis, onychomycosis, tinea pedis, keratosis, pruritus, and dystrophic nails. Furthermore, urea has been used with other medications as a penetration enhancing agent. Mild irritation is the most common adverse event, proving urea to be a safe and tolerable topical drug without systemic toxicity. Discussion/Conclusion: Urea is a safe, effective dermatologic therapy with wide-ranging clinical utility and minimal, non-systemic side effects. In order to optimize patient care, dermatologists should be well informed with regards to urea’s indications and efficacy.
Subpicosecond Electro-optic Measurement of Relativistic Electron Pulses (2000)

Time-resolved measurements of the transverse electric field associated with relativistic electron bunches are presented. Using an ultrafast electro-optic sensor close to the electron beam, the longitudinal profile of the electric field was measured with subpicosecond time resolution and without time-reversal ambiguity. Results are shown for two cases: inside the vacuum beam line in the presence of wake fields, and in air behind a beryllium window, effectively probing the near-field transition radiation. Especially in the latter case, reconstruction of the longitudinal electron bunch shape is straightforward.
No-reference quality assessment model for networked speech based on the content feature of packets (2011)

Packet loss is a primary element to impair the quality of network speech,and the impairment extent is related not only to the number of lost packets,but also to their content feature.This paper proposes a no-reference quality assessment model for networked speech based on analysis of the content feature of packets.This model first estimates the content feature of lost packets by resorting to the voice active detection technology and the level of non-lost frame.Based on the content feature analysis,the proposed model calculates the speech packet loss rate and then predicts the quality of networked speech.Experimental results show that high prediction accuracy can be obtained by the proposed model.Compared with the speech quality evaluation model in G.1070,the average performance gain of the proposed model is raised 8.4% in terms of relativity to subjective results.
Single Case Studies an Introduction (1988)

The limitations of conventional group comparative therapeutic trials are discussed. They include: the heterogeneity problem (due to biological variations within the sample) and the extrapolation problem (i.e. the problem of external validity). These problems may to some extent be overcome by multiple cross-over studies in a single patients. Such studies may be useful in selected cases in daily clinical work, but could also be used for detecting treatment effects in rare diseases. Usually, it is necessary to measure the clinical effect by means of clinical scores, for which reason ranking methods must be used. The statistical significance may be judged by means of a permutation test. The risk of committing a type II error in single patient studies is usually high.
Marijuana Receptor Gene Cloned (1990)

Le gene decouvert grâce a une sonde moleculaire capable de reconnaitre et lier le gene de la substance K, apparait etre celui du recepteur du tetrahydrocannabinol, le principe actif de la marijuana. Le clonage de ce gene devrait permettre le developpement de nouveaux anesthesiques ou autres drogues, et aider les neurobiologistes a comprendre le fonctionnement du cerveau
Effect of human alpha 2HS glycoprotein on mouse macrophage function. (1980)

alpha 2HS glycoprotein was isolated from normal adult serum. The ability of alpha 2HS glycoprotein to promote the endocytosis of radiolabelled DNA and radiolabelled latex particles by mouse macrophages was investigated. The results using both radiolabelled latex particles and radiolabelled DNA show that alpha 2HS glycoprotein enhances the ability of mouse macrophages to take up these radiolabelled substrates as compared to control cells.
A Transmitter Architecture Based on Delta&#x2013;Sigma Modulation and Switch-Mode Power Amplification (2007)

This brief presents a method of deploying RF switch-mode power amplification for varying envelope signals. Thereby the power amplifier can be operated as a switch with a high power efficiency as the result. The key idea is to transmit either a full RF period or none at all in such a way that the correct modulated RF signal is obtained after filtering. This is accomplished in a novel configuration of a low-pass DeltaSigma modulator using a phase modulated clock combined with a simple AND-gate. The designed modulator is easy to implement, displays very good linearity and offers time domain signals that promote the power efficiency of the power amplifier. The working principle is described through theory and simulations, and validation is done via measurements on a prototype of the modulator. Measurements on the prototype show that the presented modulator modulates a UMTS signal with more than 10-dB margin to the spectrum mask and EVM below 0.85% RMS (req<17.5%). Delta-sigma, power amplifier (PA), RF, switch mode, transmitter architecture, varying envelope.
Red-emitting Ga(As,P)/(In,Ga)P heterojunction lasers (1978)

This paper describes in detail the properties of vapor-grown double-heterojunction lasers of Ga(As,P)/(In,Ga)P with room-temperature threshold current densities as low as 3400 A/cm2 at 7000 Å and 6600 A/cm2 at 6800 Å. These thresholds are three to eight times smaller than those of (Al,Ga)As lasers in this wavelength range due to the shorter-wavelength direct-indirect transition in Ga(As,P). The optical and electrical characteristics of the Ga(As,P)/(In,Ga)P lasers are found to be similar to those of (Al,Ga)As, with fundamental transverse-mode operation to 70 °C, and spontaneous carrier lifetimes between 5 and 8 nsec typically observed at low current densities.
COVID-19, Personal Protective Equipment, and Human Performance (2021)

Clinicians who care for patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) must wear a full suite of personal protective equipment, including an N95 mask or powered air purifying respirator, eye protection, a fluid-impermeable gown, and gloves. This combination of personal protective equipment may cause increased work of breathing, reduced field of vision, muffled speech, difficulty hearing, and heat stress. These effects are not caused by individual weakness; they are normal and expected reactions that any person will have when exposed to an unusual environment. The physiologic and psychologic challenges imposed by personal protective equipment may have multiple causes, but immediate countermeasures and long-term mitigation strategies can help to improve a clinician's ability to provide care. Ultimately, a systematic approach to the design and integration of personal protective equipment is needed to improve the safety of patients and clinicians.
Characterization of Diaper Dermatitis in the United States (2000)

Visits for diaper dermatitis are frequent, and pediatricians are the physicians most often called on to provide treatment. No portion of the pediatric population is disproportionately diagnosed. The frequent use of potent corticosteroids contained in combination agents is a potential target for improving the management of diaper dermatitis.
Carbon Fiber from Biomass (2016)

Carbon fiber (CF), known also as graphite fiber, is a lightweight, strong, and flexible material used in both structural (load-bearing) and non-structural applications (e.g., thermal insulation). The high cost of precursors (the starting material used to make CF, which comes predominately from fossil sources) and manufacturing have kept CF a niche market with applications limited mostly to high-performance structural materials (e.g., aerospace). Alternative precursors to reduce CF cost and dependence on fossil sources have been investigated over the years, including biomass-derived precursors such as rayon, lignin, glycerol, and lignocellulosic sugars. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of CF precursors from biomass and their market potential. We examine the potential CF production from these precursors, the state of technology and applications, and the production cost (when data are available). We discuss their advantages and limitations. We also discuss the physical properties of biomass-based CF, and we compare them to those of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based CF. We also discuss manufacturing and end-product considerations for bio-based CF, as well as considerations for plant siting and biomass feedstock logistics, feedstock competition, and risk mitigation strategies. The main contribution of this study is that it provides detailed technical and market information about each bio-based CF precursor in one document while other studies focus on one precursor at a time or a particular topic (e.g., processing). Thus, this publication allows for a comprehensive view of the CF potential from all biomass sources and serves as a reference for both novice and experienced professionals interested in CF production from alternative sources.
Protective Effect of the Serotonin Receptor Antagonist Cinanserin in Two Canine Models of Pacing-Induced Myocardial Ischemia (1995)

Previous studies have indicated that structurally dissimilar serotonin2 (5HT2) antagonists can protect globally ischemic/reperfused reperfused rat hearts. We therefore determined if the 5HT2 antagonist cinanserin can protect the ischemic myocardium in two models of pacing-induced ischemia in anesthetized dogs. In one model, dogs were subjected to repeated 5-min episodes of pacing superimposed upon left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis such that an ST segment elevation of 10-11 mV was obtained and upon cessation of pacing, a return of ST segment elevation to baseline. In vehicle-treated animals, this ST segment elevation to baseline. In vehicle-treated animals, this ST segment elevation was constant for all pacing-induced ischemic episodes. After infusion of 20 micrograms/kg/min cinanserin (intracoronary, i.c.), ST segment elevation was significantly reduced during pacing-induced ischemia at all times measured postdrug. In the second model, animals were subjected to pacing-induced ischemia for 15 min such that segmental shortening was reduced to zero. Upon cessation of pacing-induced ischemia, recovery of shortening was assessed. In vehicle-treated dogs, function recovered to only 40% of baseline at 3 h into recovery. Pretreatment with 5 micrograms/kg/min cinanserin i.c. significantly improved recovery of postischemic function. In both protocols, cinanserin had no effect on ischemic regional blood flow or peripheral hemodynamics. Thus, cinanserin appears to exert profound protective effects in two models of effort-induced ischemia.
The hepatitis C virus Core protein is a potent nucleic acid chaperone that directs dimerization of the viral (+) strand RNA in vitro (2004)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important human pathogen causing chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV is an enveloped virus with a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome encoding a single polyprotein that is processed to generate viral proteins. Several hundred molecules of the structural Core protein are thought to coat the genome in the viral particle, as do nucleocapsid (NC) protein molecules in Retroviruses, another class of enveloped viruses containing a positive-sense RNA genome. Retroviral NC proteins also possess nucleic acid chaperone properties that play critical roles in the structural remodelling of the genome during retrovirus replication. This analogy between HCV Core and retroviral NC proteins prompted us to investigate the putative nucleic acid chaperoning properties of the HCV Core protein. Here we report that Core protein chaperones the annealing of complementary DNA and RNA sequences and the formation of the most stable duplex by strand exchange. These results show that the HCV Core is a nucleic acid chaperone similar to retroviral NC proteins. We also find that the Core protein directs dimerization of HCV (+) RNA 3' untranslated region which is promoted by a conserved palindromic sequence possibly involved at several stages of virus replication.
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (2003)

Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a specific low-grade small B-cell lymphoma that is incorporated in the World Health Organization classification. Characteristic features are splenomegaly, moderate lymphocytosis with villous morphology, intrasinusoidal pattern of involvement of various organs, especially bone marrow, and relative indolent course. Tumor progression with increase of blastic forms and aggressive behavior are observed in a minority of patients. Molecular and cytogenetic studies have shown heterogeneous results probably because of the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. To date, no definitive therapy has been established. Therapeutic options include treatment abstention, splenectomy, splenic irradiation, and chemotherapy.
Synthetic methods. IV. Halogenation of carbonyl compounds via silyl enol ethers (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic methods. IV. Halogenation of carbonyl compounds via silyl enol ethersRobert H. Reuss and Alfred HassnerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 12, 1785–1787Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00925a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00925a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1233Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts