gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on antibDharzial drugs. VI. The antidotal effects of sodium dimercaptosuccinate and BAL-glucoside against tartar emetic. (1957)

(1) On single intraperitoneal injection to white mice, the. LD_(50) levels of BAL-glucoside and Na αα'-dimercaptosuccinate were found to be 5660 and 2730 mg/kg respectively. (2) Hypodermic administrations of sublethal doses of BAL, BAL-glucoside or Na αα'-dimercaptosuccinate could significantly reduce the toxicity of tartar emetic given intraperitoneally in mice. BAL (40 mg/kg), BAL-glucoside (2500 mg/kg) and Na αα'-dimercaptosuccinate (1500 mg/kg) raised the LD_(50) of tartar emetic from 31 to 52, 85 and 491 mg/kg respectively. Thus Na αα'-dimercaptosuccinate appeared to far exceed any antidote reported in the literature. (3) Within 8 hours after intravenous injection of lethal dose of tartar erotic (20 mg/ kg) in rabbits, administrations of BAL, BAL-glucoside or Na αα'-dimercaptosuccinate were all able to protect or prolong the life. (4) The therapeutic activity of tartar emetic against schistosomiasis japonica in mice was diminished by all these 3 dimercaptans, among which Na αα'-dimercaptosuccinate was most powerful, rendering the tartar emetic totally ineffective.
Resolution of trans-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydrobenzene for the preparation of optically pure benzene diol epoxides. Preparation of bromo- and chlorobenzene diol epoxides (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTResolution of trans-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydrobenzene for the preparation of optically pure benzene diol epoxides. Preparation of bromo- and chlorobenzene diol epoxidesMichael V. Ganey, Robert E. Padykula, Glenn A. Berchtold, and Andrew G. BraunCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 12, 2787–2793Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00273a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00273a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views391Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sensing nanosecond-scale voltage attacks and natural transients in FPGAs (2013)

Voltage noise not only detracts from reliability and performance, but has been used to attack system security. Most systems are completely unaware of fluctuations occurring on nanosecond time scales. This paper quantifies the threat to FPGA-based systems and presents a solution approach. Novel measurements of transients on 28nm FPGAs show that extreme activity in the fabric can cause enormous undershoot and overshoot, more than 10× larger than what is allowed by the specification. An existing voltage sensor is evaluated and shown to be insufficient. Lastly, a sensor design using reconfigurable logic is presented; its time-to-digital converter enables sample rates 500× faster than the 28nm Xilinx ADC. This enables quick characterization of transients that would normally go undetected, thereby providing potentially useful data for system optimization and helping to defend against supply voltage attacks.
Microorganism Identification by Matrix-Assisted Laser/Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Model-Derived Ribosomal Protein Biomarkers (2003)

An improved data analysis method is described for rapid identification of intact microorganisms from MALDI-TOF-MS data. The method makes no use of mass spectral fingerprints. Instead, a microorganism database is automatically generated that contains biomarker masses derived from ribosomal protein sequences and a model of N-terminal Met loss. We quantitatively validate the method via a blind study that seeks to identify microorganisms with known ribosomal protein sequences. We also include in the database microorganisms with incompletely known sets of ribosomal proteins to test the specificity of the method. With an optimal MALDI protocol, and at the 95% confidence level, microorganisms represented in the database with 20 or more biomarkers (i.e., those with complete or nearly completely sequenced genomes) are correctly identified from their spectra 100% of the time, with no incorrect identifications. Microorganisms with seven or less biomarkers (i.e., incompletely sequenced genomes) are either not identified or misidentified. Robustness with respect to variations in sample preparation protocol and mass analysis protocol is demonstrated by collecting data with two different matrixes and under two different ion-mode configurations. Statistical analysis suggests that, even without further improvement, the method described here would successfully scale up to microorganism databases with roughly 1000 microorganisms. The results demonstrate that microorganism identification based on proteome data and modeling can perform as well as methods based on mass spectral fingerprinting.
The Effect of Kaolin on Immunoglobulins: An Improved Technique to Remove the Nonspecific Serum Inhibitor of Reovirus Hemagglutination (1967)

Summary The present work has shown that removal of nonspecific inhibitors of hemagglutination by kaolin resulted in the loss of 40 to 60% of the immunoglobulins. The nonspecific inhibitor of reovirus hemagglutination has been shown to be either β-lipoprotein or a substance associated with β-lipoprotein. It was also shown that this inhibitor could be effectively removed by the heparin-MnCl2 method. This method was found to give higher HI antibody titer than kaolin and to remove less than 10% of the immunoglobulins.
A Versatile Approach towards Multifunctional Robust Microcapsules with Tunable, Restorable, and Solvent‐Proof Superhydrophobicity for Self‐Healing and Self‐Cleaning Coatings (2014)

Numerous microencapsulation techniques have been developed to encase various chemicals, for which specific processing parameters are required to address the widely differing features of the encapsulated materials. Microencapsulation of reactive agents is a powerful technique that has been extensively applied to self‐healing materials. However, the poor solvent compatibility and insufficient thermal stability of microcapsules continue to pose challenges for long‐term storage, processing, and service in practical applications. Here, an easily modifiable and highly versatile method is reported for preparing various chemicals filled poly(urea‐formaldehyde) microcapsules that exhibit superior tightness against solvents and heat and that possess widely tunable, repetitiously self‐restorable, and solvent‐proof superhydrophobicity. In addition, the low‐cost fabrication of biomimetic multifunctional smart coatings is demonstrated for self‐healing anticorrosion and self‐cleaning antifouling applications by directly dispersing the superhydrophobic microcapsules into and onto a polymer matrix. The methodology presented in this study should inspire the development of multifunctional intelligent materials for applications in related fields.
[Treatment of climacteric urogenital disorders with an estriol-containing ointment]. (1995)

Estriol containing cream for treatment of climacteric urogenital complaints was used. After 4 weeks local treatment with Ovestin cream atrophy of vaginal epithelium and chronic vaginitis stopped or significantly decreased. During the treatment the ratio of superficial and intermedier cells in the vaginal epithelium increased and the vagina showed a decrease of pH. The subjective complaints relating to the estrogen deficiency (vaginal burning and dryness, itching, dyspareunia and urinary dysfunctions) ceased. Side-effects and complications during the treatment were not found. The cream can easily be used and it is well tolerated. Estriol containing cream is suitable for the treatment of chronic vaginitis and cystitis developed on the base of climacteric epithelium atrophy of urogenital system. Its introduction to the local therapy is necessary because the majority of population of women are interested in it.
Influence of Dietary Energy and Protein on Growth and Carcass Composition in Different Biological Types of Cattle2 (1977)

Two types of cattle (Angus-Hereford cross-breds, small type; and 3/4- or 7/8-Charolais and Chianina Hereford or Chianina Angus cross-breds, large type) were evaluated for their response to different dietary energy densities (2.9, 3.1, or 3.2 Meal ME/kg dry matter) (low, LE; medium, ME; and high, HE, respectively) and three dietary levels of crude protein (LP = 10, MP = 11.5 or HP = 13% of dry matter) in a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial design. The rations consisted of the following ratios of corn silage to corn plus supplement: LE, 43:67; ME, 25:75; and HE, 11:89. Small type cattle from each treatment were slaughtered after 196 and 232 days on experiment (460 ± 3 and 465 ± 3 days of age) and large type after 232 and 308 days (464 ± 3 and 566 ± 3 days of age). Increasing energy intake increased ADG in both types of cattle with HE>LE (P<05). Adjusted to constant carcass weight, increasing dietary energy intake increased marbling score, quality grade, fat thickness over the 12th rib, kidney and pelvic fat and yield grade in small type cattle but not in large type cattle. Rib moisture decreased (LE>ME = HE) and rib fat increased (LE<ME = HE) as a result of increased dietary energy intake (P<05). Up to about 325 kg live weight, small type cattle increased ADG and feed efficiency with the MP compared to the LP intake. There was no advantage for the HP compared to MP. ADG and feed efficiency increased up to 348 kg live weight in large type cattle with the HP intake compared to the LP ration. The percentage of moisture and protein in the rib were decreased and fat was increased in large type cattle fed the 13% level of crude protein compared to those fed lower levels of dietary protein. Steaks from all carcasses of both types of cattle and from all energy or protein treatments were organoleptically acceptable in a taste panel evaluation.
Structure–property correlation for thin films of semi‐interpenetrating polyimide networks. I. Miscibility, curing, and morphology studies (1998)

Three different semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) polyimide systems were prepared through blending in solution by using 2 different polyimides, BPDA–PDA and PMDA–ODA (E), and 2 different oligomers, bismaleimide (MDAB) and phenylthynyl-terminated BPDA–PDA (BPDA–PDA–PEPA) oligomers. The oligomers are used as crosslinkers to modify the morphology of polyimides. The results show that both MDAB and PEPA are miscible with BPDA–PDA, but MDAB is immiscible with PMDA–ODA (E). Fourier transform infrared spectrum, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis data, and calculated crosslinking density indicate that there are crosslinking networks in these semi-IPN polyimide systems. In addition, the density and wide-angle X-ray diffraction results confirm that the molecular ordering and packing order are reduced by the addition of oligomers for these semi-IPN polyimide systems. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 261–272, 1998
Scaling Up Clustered Network Appliances with ScaleBricks (2015)

This paper presents ScaleBricks, a new design for building scalable, clustered network appliances that must "pin" flow state to a specific handling node without being able to choose which node that should be. ScaleBricks applies a new, compact lookup structure to route packets directly to the appropriate handling node, without incurring the cost of multiple hops across the internal interconnect. Its lookup structure is many times smaller than the alternative approach of fully replicating a forwarding table onto all nodes. As a result, ScaleBricks is able to improve throughput and latency while simultaneously increasing the total number of flows that can be handled by such a cluster. This architecture is effective in practice: Used to optimize packet forwarding in an existing commercial LTE-to-Internet gateway, it increases the throughput of a four-node cluster by 23%, reduces latency by up to 10%, saves memory, and stores up to 5.7x more entries in the forwarding table.
Antitumor effect of aspirin in glioblastoma cells by modulation of β-catenin/T-cell factor–mediated transcriptional activity (2011)

The results suggest that aspirin is a potent antitumor agent, and that it exerts its antineoplastic action by inhibition of the β-catenin/TCF signaling pathway in glioma cells.
Polyoma virus and cyclic AMP-mediated control of dihydrofolate reductase mRNA abundance in methotrexate-resistant mouse fibroblasts. (1979)

As a model cell culture system for studying polyoma-mediated control of host gene expression, we isolated methotrexate-resistant 3T6 cells in which one of the virus-induced enzymes, dihydrofolate reductase, is a major cellular protein. In highly methotrexate-resistant cell lines dihydrofolate reductase synthesis accounts for over 10% that of soluble portein, corresponding to an increase of approximately 100-fold over the level in parental cells. This increase in dihydrofolate reductase synthesis is due to a corresponding increase in the abundance of dihydrofolate reductase mRNA and gene sequences. We have used these cells to show that infection with polyoma virus results in a 4- to 5-fold increase in the relative rate of dihydrofolate reductase synthesis and a corresponding increase in dihydrofolate reductase mRNA abundance. The increase in dihydrofolate reductase synthesis begins 15 to 20 h after infection and continues to increase until cell lysis. These observations represent the first direct evidence that viral infection of eukaryotic cells results in the increased synthesis of a specific cellular enzyme and an increase in the abundance of a specific cellular mRNA. In order to gain additional insight into the control of dihydrofolate reductase synthesis we examined other parameters affecting dihydrofolate reductase synthesis. We found that the addition of fresh serum to stationary phase cells results in a 2-fold stimulation of dihydrofolate reductase synthesis, beginning 10 to 12 h after serum addition. Serum stimulation of dihydrofolate reductase synthesis is completely inhibited by the presence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP as well as by theophylline or prostaglandin E1, compounds which cause an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP levels. In fact, the presence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP and theophylline results in a 2- to 3-fold decrease in the rate of dihydrofolate reductase synthesis and the abundance of dihydrofolate reductase mRNA. However, in contrast to the effect on serum stimulation, dibutyryl cyclic AMP and theophylline do not inhibit polyoma virus induction of dihydrofolate reductase synthesis or dihydrofolate reductase mRNA levels. These observations suggest that dihydrofolate reductase gene expression is controlled by at least two regulatory pathways: one involving serum that is blocked by high levels of cyclic AMP and another involving polyoma induction that is not inhibited by cyclic AMP.
Evidence that colicin X is microcin B17 (1987)

The DNA replication inhibitor microcin B17 is a peptide antibiotic produced by Escherichia coli strains carrying plasmid pMccB17. Here we present evidence that antibiotic activities previously named colicin X are probably identical to microcin B17. Our results include comparison of the conditions of production of the antibiotics, their mode of action, cross-immunity of producer strains, and cross-resistance of resistant mutants. Plasmids encoding colicin X have been identified and shown to have a region of significant homology with the microcin B17-producing region of pMccB17 DNA.
Sensitivity of baboon lymphocytes to cyclosporin A and FK 506: relative resistance of alloactivated cells to CyA (1994)

Abstract The interspecies differences in CyA pharmacokinetics necessitate the establishment of optimal immunosuppressive doses in the baboon, especially as its use as host for preclinical xenografts is anticipated. We assessed the immunosuppressive effects of CyA and FK 506 on lymphocytes from chacma baboons, using human cells for comparison. At concentrations up to 100 μmol/l, neither drug was toxic to lymphocytes. FK 506 inhibited baboon and human lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 synthesis equally. In contrast, approximately four times higher doses of CyA were needed to inhibit baboon lymphocytes responding to alloantigens. This may explain the inadequate immunosuppression of baboon graft recipients treated with clinically acceptable doses of CyA. We propose that CyA whole blood target levels of f 1500 ng/ml should be used in this species and we provide evidence that chacma baboons are able to tolerate such doses without nephrotoxicity.
Improved ocular delivery of idoxuridine using the prodrug approach (1988)

Problems associated with the use of Idoxuridine (IDU) for the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis can be attributed largely to the polar nature of IDU resulting in its poor permeability across the lipoidal epithelial layer of the corneal membrane. Five aliphatic 5$\sp\prime$-esters of IDU were synthesized and evaluated as prodrugs for potential in reducing the total topical dose. The esters showed a 43-250 fold increase in lipophilicity and a 1-6-14 fold decrease in aqueous solubility, relative to IDU. A parabolic relationship exists between in vitro corneal membrane permeability and carbon chain length of prodrugs. For a given prodrug, enzymatic hydrolysis proceeded most readily in iris-ciliary body followed by cornea and aqueous humor. An increase in carbon chain length made the prodrugs more enzymatically labile, but more resistant to chemical hydrolysis at pH 7.4 and 34$\sp\circ$C. At a concentration of 50$\mu$M, all esters appeared to be less cytotoxic towards uninfected vero cells than IDU. 5$\sp\prime$-butyryl and 5$\sp\prime$-isobutyryl esters of IDU showed an approximately four-fold increase in aqueous humor IDU concentration at 25 minutes post-instillation of 5mM solutions, relative to IDU.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Evaluation of Some New Pyrimidines and Related Condensed Ring Systems as Potential Anticancer Agents. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Convulsant and anticonvulsant actions of agonists and antagonists of group III mGluRs (1996)

Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR4, 6, 7, 8) are negatively coupled to adenylate cyclase and, when activated presynaptically, decrease the release of glutamate and GABA. We have used intracerebroventricular injections of agonists and antagonists believed to act selectively on these receptors to study the pro- or anti-convulsant effects of mGluR III activation in nonepileptic (Swiss-Webster) and epileptic (DBA/2) mice. In both mouse strains the prototypic agonists L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutanoate (LAP4) and L-serine-O-phosphate are proconvulsant. The supposed antagonists (S)-2-methyl-2-amino-4-phosphonobutanoate (MAP4) and (RS)-alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine (MPPG), have a predominantly proconvulsant effect. (S)-alpha-methyl-3-carboxyphenylalanine, which is a potent and selective antagonist for LAP4 in the cortex, is anticonvulsant in DBA/2 mice and decreases the convulsant effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate, 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine, LAP4 and MPPG in Swiss-Webster mice. These data suggest that reduced inhibitory transmission may be more significant than reduced synaptic release of glutamate following group III mGluR activation.
The Parker Flex-Tip Tube versus  a Standard Tube for Fiberoptic Orotracheal Intubation (2003)

During oral fiberoptic intubation, the use of the Parker Flex-Tip tube is associated with greater incidence of initial success of passage of the tube into trachea when compared to a standard endotracheal tube.
High resolution crystal structure of domain I of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homing endonuclease PI-SceI (2002)

The homing endonuclease PI-SceI from Saccharo myces cerevisiae consists of two domains. The protein splicing domain I catalyzes the excision of the mature endonuclease (intein) from a precursor protein and the religation of the flanking amino acid sequences (exteins) to a functional protein. Furthermore, domain I is involved in binding and recognition of the specific DNA substrate. Domain II of PI-SceI, the endonuclease domain, which is structurally homologous to other homing endonucleases from the LAGLIDADG family, harbors the endonucleolytic center of PI-SceI, which in vivo initiates the homing process by introducing a double-strand cut in the approximately 35 bp recognition sequence. At 1.35 A resolution, the crystal structure of PI-SceI domain I provides a detailed view of the part of the protein that is responsible for tight and specific DNA binding. A geometry-based docking of the 75 degrees bent recognition sequence to the full-length protein implies a conformational change or hinge movement of a subdomain of domain I, the tongs part, that is predicted to reach into the major groove near base pairs +16 to +18.
City Image Analysis of Western Taipei<i> </i> (2019)

Taipei city is the capital of Taiwan, and the city government has applied to host several international events since 2000. Meanwhile, mayors have proposed the slogan “axis retroflexion” indicating the urban regeneration of old town areas. In July 2016, the city government and the National Geographic Channel started a documentary project “Inside: Reinventing Taipei” that cost 5 million NTD for the propaganda of the upcoming Taipei Universiade 2017. The narratives in the documentary indicate the interweaving of historical and modern city images. In this research, the development history of western Taipei is reviewed, and several official and non-official advertisements, movies, music videos, landscape architecture, events, and policy plans are chosen as texts to analyse the representation of the city images of western Taipei (Zhongzheng and Wanhua districts) under an iconological approach. To understand how those city images were produced, various aspects of urban politics and power are explored through this research. It is found that specific buildings and places, such as Chiang Kai Shek Memorial Hall, the North Gate, the Red House Theatre, Longshan temple, and the Ximending shopping area, appeared in those texts frequently, epitomizing the development history of Western Taipei and policies across different periods. The historical, cultural images are represented as buildings, and trendy, energetic commercial images are presented in the official representation, while negative images, such as the ruined, the hopeless, and the order-less, are presented in the non-official representations. Furthermore, with the political intention of “change,” the new governance institution selectively represents some “negative” images that have been absent in previous official representations to emphasize the differences between the old and new governance institutions. Generally, the city images and representations of western Taipei manifest the issues of power and visibility clearly.