gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Construction and functional characterization of polyomavirus genomes that separately encode the three early proteins (1984)

Modified polyomavirus genomes that individually encode the large and small T proteins were constructed by exchanging restriction endonuclease fragments between cDNA copies of the respective mRNAs and cloned genomic DNA. The efficacies of the new constructs, and that of the middle T protein gene described previously (R. Treisman , U. Novak, J. Favaloro , and R. Kamen , Nature [London] 292:595-600, 1981), were demonstrated with simian virus 40 (SV40)-polyomavirus recombinants in which part or all of the SV40 late region was replaced with the modified polyomavirus early genes. Each of the three recombinant viruses induced the synthesis of only the expected polyomavirus early protein in infected CV-1 cells. The rates of synthesis of large, middle, and small T proteins were ca. 1.5, 4.0, and 9.0 times the rate of synthesis of SV40 large T protein, respectively. The deletion of introns had no detrimental effect on mRNA biogenesis. Indeed, a further polyomavirus-SV40 recombinant, containing wild-type polyomavirus early region DNA, expressed an aberrant 58,000-dalton form of the middle T protein which we believe to result from utilization of a cryptic splice site. Immunofluorescence studied with monkey cells infected by the recombinant viruses allowed us to determine the cellular locations of the polyomavirus early proteins. Overproduction of the middle T protein did not result in a corresponding overproduction of the middle T protein-associated tyrosine phosphokinase activity.
Pterostilbene Exerts Antitumor Activity via the Notch1 Signaling Pathway in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells (2013)

Although pterostilbene (PTE) has been shown to have potent antitumor activities against various cancer types, the molecular mechanisms of these activities remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the antitumor activity of PTE against human lung adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo and explored the role of the Notch1 signaling pathway in this process. PTE treatment resulted in a dose- and time-dependent decrease in the viability of A549 cells. Additionally, PTE exhibited strong antitumor activity, as evidenced not only by a reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and a decreased intracellular glutathione content but also by increases in the apoptotic index and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, PTE treatment induced the activation of the Notch1 Intracellular Domain (NICD) protein and activated Hes1. DAPT (a gamma secretase inhibitor) and Notch1 siRNA prevented the induction of NICD and Hes1 activation by PTE treatment and sensitized the cells to PTE treatment. The down-regulation of Notch signaling also prevented the activation of pro-survival pathways (most notably the PI3K/Akt pathway) after PTE treatment. In summary, lung adenocarcinoma cells may enhance Notch1 activation as a protective mechanism in response to PTE treatment. Combining a gamma secretase inhibitor with PTE treatment may represent a novel approach for treating lung adenocarcinoma by inhibiting the survival pathways of cancer cells.
Vesicles with lactate dehydrogenase and without alkaline phosphatase present in the resting zone of epiphyseal cartilage (1990)

Matrix vesicles are membrane-invested vesicles that initiate mineralization in the extracellular matrix of calcifying tissues. The epiphyseal cartilages of young-rat rib bones were divided into the growth zone and the resting zone, followed by the isolation of matrix vesicles after collagenase treatment. Matrix vesicles with both alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected in the growth cartilage found in the epiphyseal growth plates of young rabbits [Hosokawa, Uchida, Fujiwara & Noguchi (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 10045-10047], but were not detected in the resting zone. By contrast, and surprisingly, lactate dehydrogenase-containing vesicles without alkaline phosphatase were found in the resting zone, but not in the growth zone. In both the growth and resting zones, isoenzyme patterns of lactate dehydrogenase in the two different vesicles were identical with those of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase of chondrocytes, suggesting the presence of a mechanism for specific uptake of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase. The same results as for young-rat rib bones were obtained with the resting and growth cartilages of young-dog and monkey rib bones.
TCP Throughput Testing Methodology (2010)

This memo describes a methodology for measuring TCP throughput
performance in an end-end managed network environment. This memo is
intended to provide a practical approach to help users validate the
TCP layer performance of a managed network, which should provide a
better indication of end-user application level experience. In the
methodology, various TCP and network parameters are identified that
should be tested as part of the network verification at the TCP layer.
Evidence of Human Thrombomodulin Domain as a Novel Angiogenic Factor (2005)

The recombinant thrombomodulin domain TMD23 enhanced the angiogenic response in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that thrombomodulin fragments may play a role in the formation of new vessels. These findings may provide a new therapeutic option for treating ischemic diseases.
Font generation of personal handwritten Chinese characters (2014)

Today, digital multimedia messages have drawn more and more attention due to the great achievement of computer and network techniques. Nevertheless, text is still the most popular media for people to communicate with others. Many fonts have been developed so that product designers can choose unique fonts to demonstrate their idea gracefully. It is commonly believed that handwritings can reflect one’s personality, emotion, feeling, education level, and so on. This is especially true in Chinese calligraphy. However, it is not easy for ordinary users to customize a font of their personal handwritings. In this study, we performed a process reengineering in font generation. We present a new method to create font in a batch mode. Rather than to create glyphs of characters one by one according to their codepoints, people create glyphs incrementally in an on-demand manner. A Java Implementation is developed to read a document image of user handwritten Chinese characters, and make a vector font of these handwritten Chinese characters. Preliminary experiment result shows that the proposed method can help ordinary users create their personal handwritten fonts easily and quickly.
Machine Learning-Based Digital Twin for Monitoring Fruit Quality Evolution (2022)

A technological gap to monitor fruit quality evolution in the food supply chain is causing a huge waste of fruits. A digital twin is a promising tool to minimize fruit waste by monitoring and predicting the status of fresh produce throughout its life. In post-harvest engineering, the digital twin could be defined as a virtual representation of real produce. The objective of this work is to present a new approach to create a machine learning-based digital twin of banana fruit to monitor its quality changes throughout storage. The thermal camera has been used as a data acquisition tool due to its capability to detect the surface and physiological changes of fruits throughout the storage. In this study, after constructing the dataset of thermal data belonging to four classes, the training of the model has been performed using intelligent technologies from SAP. The solution has applied a deep convolutional neural network to monitor the fruit status based on the thermal information, and the training process has shown higher accuracy. Thus, 99% of prediction accuracy has been achieved which is proved to be a promising technique for the development of fruit digital twins. The application of thermal imaging techniques can be used as a data source to create a machine learning-based digital twin of fruit that can minimize waste in the food supply chain.
The Throughput-Outage Tradeoff of Wireless One-Hop Caching Networks (2015)

We consider a wireless device-to-device (D2D) network where the nodes have precached information from a library of available files. Nodes request files at random. If the requested file is not in the on-board cache, then it is downloaded from some neighboring node via one-hop local communication. An outage event occurs when a requested file is not found in the neighborhood of the requesting node, or if the network admission control policy decides not to serve the request. We characterize the optimal throughput-outage tradeoff in terms of tight scaling laws for various regimes of the system parameters, when both the number of nodes and the number of files in the library grow to infinity. Our analysis is based on Gupta and Kumar protocol model for the underlying D2D wireless network, widely used in the literature on capacity scaling laws of wireless networks without caching. Our results show that the combination of D2D spectrum reuse and caching at the user nodes yields a per-user throughput independent of the number of users, for any fixed outage probability in (0, 1). This implies that the D2D caching network is scalable: even though the number of users increases, each user achieves constant throughput. This behavior is very different from the classical Gupta and Kumar result on ad hoc wireless networks, for which the per-user throughput vanishes as the number of users increases. Furthermore, we show that the user throughput is directly proportional to the fraction of cached information over the whole file library size. Therefore, we can conclude that D2D caching networks can turn memory into bandwidth (i.e., doubling the on-board cache memory on the user devices yields a 100% increase of the user throughout).
Conservation Tillage Systems for Cotton in the Tennessee Valley (2002)

Yield reductions from no-tillage cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) jeopardized adoption of conservation systems in the Tennessee Valley region of north Alabama in the early 1990s. We conducted a study from 1995 to 1999 on a Decatur silt loam (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Paleudults) to develop a practical conservation tillage system with competitive yields for the region. Treatments included a factorial combination of fall ridging (ridged and nonridged) and fall non-inversion deep tillage (none, in-row subsoiling, paratilling), along with spring strip tillage and conventional tillage (fall chisel-spring disk). All treatments, except conventional tillage, were established with a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop. Tillage systems were evaluated for soil temperature, penetration resistance, a soil compaction index, soil water, plant population, and seed cotton yield. Paratilling reduced soil compaction index 29 and 31% compared with conventional tillage and no-tillage, respectively. Subsoiling reduced the compaction index 12 and 15% compared with conventional tillage and no-tillage, respectively. Soil water content was decreased with the fall paratilled and subsoiled conservation tillage systems, compared with conventional tillage and no-tillage, suggesting increased rooting. Fall non-inversion deep tillage, either paratilling or in-row subsoiling with a narrow-shanked subsoiler, resulted in the highest seed cotton yields; 16% greater than conventional tillage (2660 kg ha−1), and 10% greater than strict no-tillage (2810 kg ha−1) across a 4-yr duration. In this region, non-inversion deep tillage under the row in fall, coupled with a rye cover crop to produce adequate residue for moisture conservation and erosion control, is a highly competitive and practical conservation tillage system.
Hash-Based Dynamic Source Routing (HB-DSR) (2003)

This paper presents and evaluates Hash-Based DSR, an extension of the DSR protocol. This protocol reduces the per-packet control overhead of DSR by compressing the source-route with a Bloom filter. Simulations on large networks show that HB-DSR increases the network capacity by a factor of up to 15. HB-DSR is an attractive alternative to DSR for large ad-hoc networks. Another important property of HB-DSR is that, as opposed to DSR, its performan- ce is similar for IPv4 and IPv6. While IPv6 large addresses is a show-stopper for DSR, we show by simulations that HB-DSR performs as well for both IP versions. This is important contribution considering the growing interest of the wireless network community for IPv6.
Hydrogen Peroxide Formation Rates in a PEMFC Anode and Cathode: Effect of Humidity and Temperature (2020)

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formation rates in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell anode and cathode were estimated as a function of humidity and temperature by studying the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on a rotating ring disc electrode (RRDE). Fuel cell conditions were replicated by depositing a film of Pt/Vulcan XC-72 catalyst onto the disk and by varying the temperature, dissolved O2 concentration and the acidity levels in hydrochloric acid (HClO4). The HClO4 acidity was correlated to ionomer water activity and hence fuel cell humidity. The H2O2 formation rates showed a linear dependence on oxygen concentration and square dependence on water activity. The H2O2 selectivity in ORR was independent of oxygen concentration but increased with decrease in water activity (i.e., decreased humidity). Potential dependent activation energy for the H2O2 formation reaction was estimated from data obtained at different temperatures.
A discrete-time multiresolution theory (1993)

Multiresolution analysis and synthesis for discrete-time signals is described. Concepts of scale and resolution are first reviewed in discrete time. The resulting framework allows one to treat the discrete wavelet transform, octave-band perfect reconstruction filter banks, and pyramid transforms from a unified standpoint. This approach is very close to previous work on multiresolution decomposition of functions of a continuous variable, and the connection between these two approaches is made. It is shown that they share many mathematical properties such as biorthogonality, orthonormality, and regularity. However, the discrete-time formalism is well suited to practical tasks in digital signal processing and does not require the use of functional spaces as an intermediate step.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The New Challenges of Brain PET Imaging Technology (2006)

During the last two decades, functional brain imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) has advanced elegantly, and steadily gained importance in the clinical and research arenas. Significant progress has been made by different scanner manufacturers and research groups in the design of dedicated high-resolution three-dimensional (3-D) PET units; however, emerging clinical and research applications of functional brain imaging promise even greater levels of accuracy and precision and therefore, impose more constraints with respect to the intrinsic performance of the PET tomograph. Continuous efforts to integrate recent research findings for the design of different geometries and various detector/readout technologies of PET scanners have become the goal of both the academic community and nuclear medicine industry. As PET has become integrated into clinical practice, several design trends have developed; with systems now available with a spectrum of features, from those designed for "low cost" clinical applications to others designed specifically for very high-resolution research applications. There is also a continual upward revision and refinement in both hardware and software components for all of these systems. Software- and hardware-based correlation between anatomical (x-ray CT, MRI) and physiological (PET) information is a promising research field and now offers unique capabilities for the medical imaging community and biomedical researchers. One of the main advantages of dual-modality PET/CT imaging is that PET data are intrinsically aligned to anatomical information from the x-ray CT without the use of external markers or internal landmarks, thus providing a reliable estimate of the attenuation map to be used for attenuation and scatter correction purposes. On the other hand, combining PET with MRI technology is scientifically more challenging owing to the strong magnetic fields. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made resulting in the design of a prototype small animal PET scanner coupled to three multichannel photomultipliers via optical fibers, so that the PET detector can be operated within a conventional MR system. Thus, many different design paths have been and continue to be pursued in both academic and corporate settings, that offer different trade-offs in terms of their performance. It still is uncertain which designs will be incorporated into future clinical and research systems, but it is certain that technological advances will continue and will enable new quantitative capabilities in brain PET imaging. This paper briefly summarizes state of the art developments in dedicated brain PET instrumentation. Future prospects will also be discussed. Keywords: Positron emission tomography, functional brain imaging, instrumentation, detectors, dual-modality imaging
C-Reactive Protein and Cardiac Troponin T in Risk Stratification: Differences in Optimal Timing of Tests Early after the Onset of Chest Pain (2000)

Increased CRP as an early independent risk indicator should be measured as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms, whereas increased cTnT is most reliable at 12 or more hours after the onset of symptoms.
Fast realistic block-based refocusing for sparse light fields (2016)

View-interpolation-based refocusing achieves realistic quality for sparse light fields but requires lots of computation. In this paper, we aim to reduce the computation load while maintaining the superior refocusing quality. The idea is to interpolate only few views for infocused regions and to perform refocusing on downsampled pixels for defocused area. This is achieved b y a proposed block-based refocusing algorithm which consists of multi-level refocusing mode decision and timing-based bloc k merging. For each variable-size block, the former chooses the fastest downsampling mode given that the distortion is negligible based on a localized filter response analysis. Then, the latter determines the fastest quadtree block partition by minimizing the timing cost which is accurately estimated for each block. Experimental results show that a 10x speedup on average is achieved for realistic refocusing. Also, the computation time becomes comparable to the conventional fast depth-dependent blurring which has serious boundary artifacts.
Filled carbon nanotubes could lead to improved catalysts and biosensors (1996)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFilled carbon nanotubes could lead to improved catalysts and biosensorsMICHAEL FREEMANTLEView Author Information C&EN LondonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1996, 74, 29, 62–64Publication Date (Print):July 15, 1996Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 15 July 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v074n029.p062https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v074n029.p062newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Biotechnology,Carbon nanotubes,Peptides and proteins,Sensors Get e-Alerts
Development of a Shape Memory Material Actuator for Adaptive Truss Applications (1991)

A shape memory material actuator is being developed to provide active vibration and shape control for large, adaptive space structures. Shape memory alloys have the ability to generate high recovery stresses (>700 MPa) over large strains (> 6 % ), providing potential payoffs for their use in lightweight actuator designs and adaptive com posite structures. However, the utility of these alloys has been limited in past programs due to lack of adequate material characterization studies to optimize mechanism or composite performance, lack of material property stability during transformational cycling, and the dependence on heat transfer rates for rapid cycling capability. In this study, Cory and McNichols' theory of nonequilibrium thermostatics (NET) was applied to quantify and correlate shape memory material behavior for a binary NiTi alloy. NET was then em ployed as a design tool to develop an actuator, utilizing 24 0.5 mm dia. wires (280 mm long) acting against a biasing spring (with stiffness of 305 N/mm), with nominal opera tional stroke of ± 3 mm and force of ± 1000 N. NET state equation parameters were mea sured after stabilizing the NiTi wire pack properties using isothermal transformational cy cling. Isotonic testing in an oilbath was then used to correlate actuator performance with the NET predictions over the design range of force, length, and temperature. Finally, elec trical resistance heating was employed using closed-loop feedback control to assess actua tor response time and mechanical performance in both ambient and vacuum environments. The design methodology employed in this program should provide a viable approach for optimizing the performance of a shape memory actuator specific to its application.
Pd−Cu and Pt−Cu Catalysts Supported on Carbon Nanotubes for Nitrate Reduction in Water (2010)

The influence of the preparation conditions on the performance of Pd−Cu and Pt−Cu supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the reduction of nitrates was studied and compared with that obtained using a commercial activated carbon as support. Different preparation conditions lead to different catalytic activities and selectivities. Generally, the activity decreases by increasing the calcination and reduction temperatures for the catalysts supported on the original carbon nanotubes, where the nitrate conversion varies from 67% (noncalcined and nonreduced) to 15% (calcined and reduced at 200 °C) for the pair Pd−Cu after 5 h of reaction; the inverse performance was observed for the catalysts supported on carbon nanotubes previously oxidized with HNO3 and on this same sample heat treated at 400 °C. The functional groups created during the oxidation treatment have a negative effect on the catalyst performance. For all the preparation conditions tested, the Pd−Cu pair is more selective to nitrogen than the pair Pt−Cu; 82% and 37% are the highest values obtained for each pair, respectively. Carbon nanotubes are demonstrated to be a good support for this reaction.