gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solvent Balance (1927)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent BalanceBruce K. Brown and Charles BoginCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1927, 19, 9, 968–971Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1927Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1927https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50213a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50213a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Gas-Filled Panels: A Thermally Improved Building Insulation (1992)

This paper discusses the use of gas-filled panel technology as a high-performance, non-CFC insulation for building applications.Gas-filled panels (GFPs) combine low-emissivity surfaces and , multiple, low-conductivity gas-filled cavities to minimize radiation, convection, and conduction.The thermal performance of some GFP designs has been independently tested (ASTM 1989) at a national laboratory.Measurements on first-generation prototypes yielded R-5.2/in.(5.2 hft2F/Btuin.[36 mK/W]) with an air fill, R-7.l{m.(49.3 mK/W) with an argon fill, and R-12.5{m.(86.8 mK/W) with a krypton fill.This paper discusses technical aspects of GFP barrier materials and their gas transmission rate requirements, baffle component characteristics, and potential gas fills.We present examples of potential GFP products for various building applications with cost and performance estimates.
Discrete Time Evolution of Proteomic Biomarkers (2014)

We measured a panel of 12 cytokines in seven different populations: i.e., healthy non-smokers, healthy smokers, COPD, Aden carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. From these 12 biomarkers of host response to lung disease we have developed a computational and visual model that reliably distinguishes these clinical types. Protein biomarker behavior models are developed as the topological evolution of linear discrete systems from changes in patient protein sample concentrations.
Talking heads and synthetic speech: an architecture for supporting electronic commerce (2002)

Facial animation has been combined with text-to-speech synthesis to create innovative multimodal interfaces. In this paper, we present an architecture for such a multimodal interface. A face model is downloaded from a server into a client. The client uses an MPEG-4 compliant speech synthesizer that animates the head. The server sends text and animation data to the client in addition to regular content to be displayed by a Web browser. We believe that this architecture can support electronic commerce by providing a more friendly, helpful and intuitive user interface compared to that of a regular Web browser. In order to substantiate these claims, we undertook experiments to understand user reactions to interactive services designed with synthetic characters. In one experiment, participants played the 'Social Dilemma' game with the computer as a partner. The results indicate that users cooperate more with a computer when an animated face is representing the computer during the game. A simulated commercial application was evaluated, also comparing the performance of facial animation, text-to-speech and text-only conditions. According to the results, the use of facial animation in the design of interactive services was favorably rated for most of the attributes in these experiments. Further, the results show that facial animation may effectively fill application-waiting times and make delays more acceptable to the users.
Subdiffraction Photon Guidance by Quantum-Dot Cascades (2006)

We report on a waveguide composed of a cascade of gain-enabled quantum dots with subwavelength dimensions. Fabrication is demonstrated through DNA-mediated self-assembly and a two-layer molecular self-assembly process that enables rapid prototyping. The device, which is identified with fluorescence microscopy and tested by optical near field detection, allows optical signal transfer at a well-defined wavelength in flexible routing geometry, such as straight paths and 90 degrees bends. The structure serves as a critical building block for nanophotonic systems with high integration density.
An Efficient Decoder Architecture for Nonbinary LDPC Codes With Extended Min-Sum Algorithm (2016)

Nonbinary low-density-parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes, an extension of binary LDPC codes, provide stronger error-correcting capability than binary LDPC codes. However, the performance gain comes together with extraordinary increase on decoding complexity and memory requirement. Many simplification algorithms have been proposed in the literature, and the extended min-sum (EMS) algorithm is the one with minimal performance loss. In this brief, we present an efficient decoder architecture for quasi-cyclic NB-LDPC codes with the EMS algorithm. The throughput is improved by not only the double-throughput elementary check node unit but also overlapped processing for both check node and variable node units (VNUs). To reduce memory usage and computing complexity, edge-message hiding and simplified VNU are proposed as well. With these schemes, the postlayout results of a decoder for a (112, 56) NB-LDPC over GF(64) are presented. The core area occupies 2.24 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and consumes 274 mW with a throughput of 124.6 Mb/s. Compared to prior NB-LDPC decoders with a similar code rate, the proposed decoder achieves better hardware efficiency and energy efficiency.
<i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>Apical Complex Glycoprotein CSL Contains a Sporozoite Ligand for Intestinal Epithelial Cells (1999)

Cryptosporidiosis, caused by the apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum, has become a well-recognized diarrheal disease of humans and other mammals throughout the world. No approved parasite-specific drugs, vaccines, or immunotherapies for control of the disease are currently available, although passive immunization with C. parvum-specific antibodies has some efficacy in immunocompromised and neonatal hosts. We previously reported that CSL, an approximately 1,300-kDa conserved apical glycoprotein of C. parvum sporozoites and merozoites, is the antigenic species mechanistically bound by neutralizing monoclonal antibody 3E2 which elicits the circumsporozoite precipitate (CSP)-like reaction and passively protects against C. parvum infection in vivo. These findings indicated that CSL has a functional role in sporozoite infectivity. Here we report that CSL has properties consistent with being a sporozoite ligand for intestinal epithelial cells. For these studies, native CSL was isolated from whole sporozoites by isoelectric focusing (IEF) following observations that the approximately 1,300-kDa region containing CSL as seen by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was comprised of approximately 15 molecular species (pI 3 to 10) when examined by two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis and silver staining. A subset of six approximately 1,300-kDa species (pI 4.0 to 6.5) was specifically recognized by 3E2 in 2-D Western immunoblots of IEF-isolated CSL. Isolated native CSL bound specifically and with high affinity to permissive human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent, saturable, and self-displaceable manner. Further, CSL specifically bound to the surface of live Caco-2 cells inhibited sporozoite attachment and invasion. In addition, sporozoites having released CSL after incubation with 3E2 and occurrence of the CSP-like reaction did not attach to and invade Caco-2 cells. These findings indicate that CSL contains a sporozoite ligand which facilitates attachment to and invasion of Caco-2 cells and, further, that ligand function may be disrupted by CSL-reactive monoclonal antibody. We conclude that CSL is a rational target for passive or active immunization against cryptosporidiosis.
DNA Bending in the Mycobacterial Plasmid pAL5000 Origin-RepB Complex (2007)

Plasmid pAL5000 represents a family of relatively newly discovered cryptic plasmids in gram-positive Actinomycetes bacteria. The replication regions of these plasmids comprise a bicistronic operon, repA-repB, encoding two replication proteins. Located upstream is a cis-acting element that functions as the origin of replication. It comprises an approximately 200-bp segment spanning two binding sites for the replication protein RepB, a low-affinity (L) site and a high-affinity (H) site separated by an approximately 40-bp spacer sequence. The trajectory of the DNA in the RepB-origin complex has been investigated, and it has been found that the origin undergoes significant bending movements upon RepB binding. RepB binding not only led to local bending effects but also caused a long-range polar curvature which affected the DNA sequences 3' to the H site. These movements appear to be essential for the in-phase alignment of the L and H sites that leads to the formation of a looped structure. A novel property of RepB unearthed in this study is its ability to form multimers. This property may be an important factor that determines the overall trajectory of the DNA in the RepB-origin complex. The results presented in this study suggest that the origins of replication of pAL5000 and related plasmids are highly flexible and that multimeric, RepB-like initiator proteins bind the origin and induce local deformations and long-range curvatures which are probably necessary for the proper functioning of the origin.
Two Pathways of Cyclic GMP Production Through Glutamate Receptor‐Mediated Nitric Oxide Synthesis (1992)

The selective agonists for the metabotropic glutamate receptor and the ionotropic non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor, (+/-)-1-aminocyclopentane-trans-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (ACPD) and (R,S)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA), respectively, increased the cyclic GMP (cGMP) content in cerebellar slices prepared from adult rats. The ACPD-induced rise in cGMP level was blocked by compounds known to antagonize metabotropic glutamate receptors, such as DL-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid and L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid, but not by ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists, D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), whereas the AMPA-induced rise in cGMP level was suppressed by CNQX. Both rises in cGMP level involved nitric oxide synthase (NOS), because NG-methyl-L-arginine (NMLA), an inhibitor of NOS, blocked both cGMP level rises, and excess L-arginine reversed the effect of NMLA. After lithium chloride treatment, which could exhaust phosphatidylinositol phosphates, ACPD no longer increased cGMP levels, whereas AMPA was still effective. In a calcium-free medium, ACPD still induced a rise in cGMP level, whereas AMPA did not. When the molecular layer was isolated to determine the cGMP content separately from that in the rest of the cerebellar cortex, it was found that ACPD raised the cGMP level mainly in the molecular layer, whereas AMPA raised it in both sections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A major mRNA of the human epididymal principal cells, HE5, encodes the leucocyte differentiation CDw52 antigen peptide backbone (1993)

HE5, a very abundant human epididymal gene product, was cloned by a differential screening procedure which employed testis as the primary negative control tissue. Sequencing of the HE5 cDNA showed it to be identical to that encoding the peptide backbone of the human leucocyte differentiation antigen CDw52. Since human genomic DNA contained only one cross-hybridizing fragment, this implies that both products were transcribed from the same gene. Northern blot analysis and in situ transcript hybridization revealed a highly tissue- and cell-type-specific expression pattern for HE5, showing the gene product to originate from epithelial cells of the epididymal and deferent duct. The possible identity of the HE5 product with the CDw52 antigen suggests a link between the immune and reproductive systems.
High power grating stabilized 1480 nm flared semiconductor pump laser (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Mathur, M. Ziari, and M. Hagberg, "High power grating stabilized 1480 nm flared semiconductor pump laser," in Optical Amplifiers and their Applications, S. Kinoshita, J. Livas, and G. van den Hoven, eds., Vol. 30 of Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper FB5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Chemotherapy of Lung Cancer (1992)

POPULATION-BASED statistics on lung cancer in the United States must give pause even to hardened optimists. Carcinoma of the lung was the second most common cancer and the leading cause of death from cancer last year.1 Therapeutic results in this disease have been stagnant, with only a minimal increase in five-year survival between 1974 and 1987.2 Although a reduction in cigarette smoking began to produce an age-adjusted decrease in the incidence of disease among men in about 1988, the incidence among women is moving in the opposite direction, more than doubling between 1973 and 1988.2 Furthermore, even if all cigarette . . .
Designing ethical phishing experiments (2006)

We study how to design experiments to measure the success rates of phishing attacks that are ethical and accurate, which are two requirements of contradictory forces. Namely, an ethical experiment must not expose the participants to any risk; it should be possible to locally verify by the participants or representatives thereof that this was the case. At the same time, an experiment is accurate if it is possible to argue why its success rate is not an upper or lower bound of that of a real attack -- this may be difficult if the ethics considerations make the user perception of the experiment different from the user perception of the attack. We introduce several experimental techniques allowing us to achieve a balance between these two requirements, and demonstrate how to apply these, using a context aware phishing experiment on a popular online auction site which we call "rOnl". Our experiments exhibit a measured average yield of 11% per collection of unique users. This study was authorized by the Human Subjects Committee at Indiana University (Study #05-10306).
Reaction tray and noncontact transfer method for heterogeneous chemiluminescence immunoassays. (1991)

We describe a reaction tray for a heterogeneous chemiluminescence (CL) immunoassay having the following features: separate sample incubation and signal detection wells; a design that allows for noncontact transfer of the reaction mixture from incubation wells to detection wells; surface features to mate with a detector and create a light-tight seal for CL detection; and self-contained means for liquid removal. The reaction mixture is transferred by injecting a wash solution from a group of nozzles into the incubation well. Quantitative transfer of microparticles (transfer efficiencies greater than 95% and CV less than 5%) is achieved by injecting two 300-microL pulses of transfer solution at a rate of 2.1 m/s. The performance of the tray and method of transfer is tested by determining the precision of CL signal for a sample containing a concentration of anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) or hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) close to the cutoff value for the assay.
Elements of the Primary Structure of Thrombomodulin Required for Efficient Thrombin-activable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor Activation (2000)

Deletion and point mutants of soluble thrombomodulin were used to compare and contrast elements of primary structure required for the activation of thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) and protein C. The smallest mutant capable of efficiently promoting TAFI activation contained residues including the c-loop of epidermal growth factor-3 (EGF3) through EGF6. This mutant is 13 residues longer than the smallest mutant that functioned well with protein C; the latter consisted of residues from the interdomain loop connecting EGF3 and EGF4 through EGF6. Alanine point mutants showed no loss of function in protein C activation for mutations within the c-loop of EGF3. In TAFI activation, however, alanine mutations cause a 50% reduction at Tyr-337, 67% reductions at Asp-338 and Leu-339, and 90% or greater reductions at Val-340, Asp-341, and Glu-343. A mutation at Asp-349 in the peptide connecting EGF3 to EGF4 eliminated activity against both TAFI and protein C. Oxidation of Met-388 in the peptide connecting EGF5 to EGF6 reduced the rate of protein C activation by 80% but marginally, if at all, affected the rate of TAFI activation. Mutation at Phe-376 severely reduced protein C activation but only marginally influenced that of TAFI. A Q387P mutation, however, severely reduced both activities. TAFI activation was shown to be Ca(2+)-dependent. The response, unlike that of protein C, was monotonic and was half-maximal at 0.25 mm Ca(2+). Like protein C activation, TAFI activation was eliminated by a monoclonal antibody directed at the thrombin-binding domain (EGF5) but was not affected by one directed at EGF2. Thus, elements of structure in the thrombin-binding domain are needed for the activation of both protein C and TAFI, but more of the primary structure is needed for TAFI activation. In addition, some residues are needed for one of the reactions but not the other.
When Indolizine Meets Quinoline: Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of New Polyheterocycles and Their Optical Properties (2015)

Fluorescence-based technologies play a pivotal role in various biomedical applications. Here we report an efficient route to a new class of fluorophores, indolizino[3,2-c]quinolines, via the oxidative Pictet-Spengler cyclization strategy. The condensation of several 2-methylpyridines with 2-bromo-2'-nitroacetophenone allowed for the rapid assembly of indolizines with a 2-nitrophenyl group at the C2 position. The subsequent reduction of the nitro group under mild conditions followed by oxidative Pictet-Spengler cyclization with various aryl aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic amount of FeCl3 furnished the indolizino[3,2-c]quinolines in good overall yields. We also examined the photophysical properties of this new series of polyheterocyclic compounds. Several indolizino[3,2-c]quinolines were found to have unique and desirable optical properties, suggesting that these compounds may be suitable for use as prospective fluorescent probes in aqueous systems.
Detection and functional characterisation of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in lutein cells (1998)

A prominent functional change during differentiation of lutein cells from follicular thecal and granulosa cells is an enhanced production and secretion of progestins. The regulation of this process is not fully understood but may be associated with the expression of transcription factors which activate genes, products of which are involved in pathways of the cholesterol and lipid metabolism. As peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play a role in both pathways, we were interested in the expression of PPARgamma, a PPAR form which is involved in adipogenic differentiation. First, we were able to show the expression of PPARgamma in bovine lutein cells (day 12 of the ovarian cycle) at the mRNA and protein level by imaging, flow cytometry and blot analysis, and secondly a role of PPARgamma in the secretion of progesterone. The cells (24 h culture) responded dose dependently by increasing progesterone secretion (up to 1.5-fold of the basal level) to an endogenous ligand of PPARgamma, 15-deoxy-delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 (15-dPGJ2) and to the thiazolidinedione ciglitizone. Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) was found to reduce the intracellular PPARgamma level and to promote cell cycle progress, indicating that ATA can be used as a tool for experimental changes of PPARgamma proteins in intact cells and for studying the physiological consequences. The ATA-mediated decrease of PPARgamma was accompanied by reduced progesterone production and a progression of the cell cycle, suggesting a function of PPARgamma in both processes. The response to ATA was abrogated by a high dose (>490 nM) of 15-dPGJ2, suggesting that 15-dPGJ2 exerts its effect on steroidogenic activity via PPARgamma and that the 15-dPGJ2-PPARgamma system plays a role in the maintenance of a differentiated quiescent stage in lutein cells.
Comparison of laser-initiated and thermal chemical vapor deposition of tungsten films (1984)

ArF excimer laser radiation has been used to deposit W films on silicon and on SiO2 by initiating the gas phase reaction of WF6 with H2. Deposition rates &gt;100 nm/min and film resistivities as low as two times the bulk value have been obtained at deposition temperatures of 440 °C. The properties of the laser-deposited films are compared with those of fims obtained using conventional thermal deposition techniques. Film resistivity correlates with the microstructure which in turn depends on the deposition temperature; above 350 °C the low-resistivity α-W phase dominates.
Analysis of an EHF aplanatic zoned dielectric lens antenna (1984)

Zoned dielectric lenses, designed for wide-angle scanning characteristics, are serious contenders to reflector systems for multiple-beam communications and radar applications at EHF frequencies. An analysis is presented in which the zoned lens is approximated by an ideally thin spherical shell (phase transformer) in evaluating the phase aberrations in its aperture plane which are caused by off-axis scanning and deviations from the design frequency. Those results are used to produce a set of universal curves which predict the decrease in directive gain of the lens as a function of scan angle and frequency. Gain and radiation pattern measurements on a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">90 \lambda</tex> zoned dielectric lens show agreement with these predictions and with ray-tracing and geometric optics calculations. This study establishes the validity of the spherical shell analysis as a means for rapid estimation of lens parameters for specific system requirements.