gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential association of insulin-like growth factor I mRNA variants with polysomes in vivo. (1991)

Expression of the rat insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene results in a number of mature mRNA species that differ in size primarily at the 3' end due to differential polyadenylation site usage. Additionally, alternate splicing in both 5' and 3' regions produces RNAs which have the capacity to encode different IGF-I precursor peptides. We have analyzed total and polysomal RNAs using Northern blot analyses and solution hybridization/RNase protection assays to assess the in vivo translatability of these various IGF-I mRNA species. The results suggest that all of the known splicing variants are found on polysomes and may, therefore, be translated into a number of IGF-I precursors in vivo. One particular 5'-untranslated (UTR) variant is relatively enriched in polysomal RNA, a finding which suggests that removal of some of the 5'-UTR sequences encoded by exon 1 may enhance translatability. Of the IGF-I mRNAs with different lengths of 3'-UTR, only the shorter species were found on polysomes, suggesting that some aspect of the long 3'-UTR may prevent translation. Thus, differential processing of the primary transcript of the IGF-I gene may serve to generate IGF-I mRNA species which specify different precursors as well as to control their relative translatability.
Single-stage electronic ballast withunity power factor (2001)

A single-stage electronic ballast with unity power factor is proposed. A saturable transformer constituting the self-oscillating drive limits the lamp current and dominates the switching frequency of the ballast. The proposed ballast has high energy efficiency, low cost and high reliability compared to conventional high-power-factor (HPF) electronic ballasts. Experimental results obtained on two 40 W fluorescent lamps are discussed.
Raman spectra and cross sections of ammonia, chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, phosgene, and sulfur dioxide toxic gases in the fingerprint region 400-1400 cm−1 (2016)

Raman spectra of ammonia (NH3), chlorine (Cl2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), phosgene (COCl2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) toxic gases have been measured in the fingerprint region 400-1400 cm−1. A relatively compact (&lt;2′x2′x2′), sensitive, 532 nm 10 W CW Raman system with double-pass laser and double-sided collection was used for these measurements. Two Raman modes are observed at 934 and 967 cm−1 in NH3. Three Raman modes are observed in Cl2 at 554, 547, and 539 cm−1, which are due to the 35/35 35/37, and 37/37 Cl isotopes, respectively. Raman modes are observed at 870, 570, and 1151 cm−1 in H2S, COCl2, and SO2, respectively. Values of 3.68 ± 0.26x10−32 cm2/sr (3.68 ± 0.26x10−36 m2/sr), 1.37 ± 0.10x10−30 cm2/sr (1.37 ± 0.10x10−34 m2/sr), 3.25 ± 0.23x10−31 cm2/sr (3.25 ± 0.23x10−35 m2/sr), 1.63 ± 0.14x10−30 cm2/sr (1.63 ± 0.14x10−34 m2/sr), and 3.08 ± 0.22x10−30 cm2/sr (and 3.08 ± 0.22x10−34 m2/sr) were determined for the differential Raman cross section of the 967 cm−1 mode of NH3, sum of the 554, 547, and 539 cm−1 modes of Cl2, 870 cm−1 mode of H2S, 570 cm−1 mode of COCl2, and 1151 cm-1 mode of SO2, respectively, using the differential Raman cross section of 3.56 ± 0.14x10−31 cm2/sr (3.56 ± 0.14x10−35 m2/sr) for the 1285 cm−1 mode of CO2 as the reference.
Ceramic packages for liquid-nitrogen operation (1989)

To evaluate their compatibility for use in a liquid-nitrogen computer, metallized ceramic packages with test chips using controlled-collapse solder (Pb-Sn) technology were cycled between 30 degrees C and liquid-nitrogen temperature. Room-temperature electrical resistance measurements were made at regular intervals of cycles to determine whether solder failure accompanied by a significant resistance increase had occurred. For the failed solder joints characterized by the highest thermal shear strain amplitude of 3.3%, it was possible to estimate the number of liquid-nitrogen cycles needed to produce the corresponding failure rate using a room-temperature solder lifetime model. Cross-sectional examination of the failed solder joints using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis indicated solder cracking occurring at the solder-ceramic interface. Chip-pull tests on cycled packages yielded strengths far exceeding the minimal requirement. Mechanisms involving the formation of intermetallics are proposed to account for the observed solder fracture modes after liquid-nitrogen cycling and after chip pull. SEM examination of pulled chips in cycled packages found no apparent sign of cracking in quartz and polyimide for chip insulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
EAPB0503, a novel imidazoquinoxaline derivative, inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells (2014)

Imatinib, the first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, revolutionized the therapeutic management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and is highly effective in inducing remissions and prolonging the survival of CML patients. However, one-third of patients develop intolerance or resistance to treatment, and CML stem cells remain insensitive to this therapy, leading almost inevitably to relapse upon treatment discontinuation. Imidazoquinoxalines are imiquimod derivatives that induce growth inhibition and induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis in melanoma and T-cell lymphoma cells. We investigated the effects of EAPB0203 and EAPB0503, two novel imidazoquinoxaline derivatives, on human CML cell lines and showed that they induced a dose-dependent and time-dependent cell growth inhibition. EAPB0503 proved more potent and induced a specific cell cycle arrest in mitosis in CML cells and direct activation of apoptosis as evidenced by increased pre-G0 population, breakdown of mitochondrial membrane potential, PARP cleavage, and DNA breakage. Interestingly, EAPB0503 decreased BCR-ABL oncoprotein levels. The combination of EAPB0503 with imatinib synergized to inhibit the proliferation of CML cells, and most importantly, EABP0503 inhibited the proliferation of imatinib-resistant CML cells, offering promising therapeutic modalities that would circumvent resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and improve the prognosis of CML.
Noncontrast‐enhanced peripheral MRA: Technical optimization of flow‐spoiled fresh blood imaging for screening peripheral arterial diseases (2010)

Flow-spoiled fresh blood imaging, a noncontrast peripheral MR angiography technique, allows the depiction of the entire tree of peripheral arteries by utilizing the signal difference between systolic- and diastolic-triggered data. The image quality of the technique relies on selecting the right triggering delay times and flow-dependent read-out spoiler gradient pulses. ECG triggering delays were verified using manual subtraction and automated software. The read-out spoiler gradients pulses were optimized on volunteers before utilizing the flow-spoiled fresh blood imaging technique to screen for peripheral arterial disease. Thirteen consecutive patients with suspected peripheral arterial disease underwent both flow-spoiled fresh blood imaging and 16-detector-row computed tomography angiography examinations. A total of 23 segments were evaluated in the arterial vascular system. Using computed tomography angiography as the reference standard, 56 diseased segments were detected with 22 nonsignificant stenoses (<50%) and 34 significant stenoses, 15 of which were totally occluded. Flow-spoiled fresh blood imaging had a sensitivity of 97%, a specificity of 96%, an accuracy of 96%, a positive predictive value of 88%, and a negative predictive value of 99%. With such a high negative predictive value, flow-spoiled fresh blood imaging has the potential to become the safest noninvasive screening tool for peripheral arterial disease, especially for patients with impaired renal function.
Shoulder pain and tension neck and their relation to work (1984)

ANDERSON JAD. Shoulder pain and tension neck and their relation to work. Scand J Work Environ Health 10 (1984) 435-442. Reliable information about shoulder girdle pain in relation to work practices is difficult to obtain from routinely acquired statistics. On the basis of data obtained from a special study of 2 648 manual workers from jobs without special demands for neck or shoulder activity, an estimate has been made of the size of the problem. The results indicate that 23 % of a manual workforce reported having suffered from pain in the neck, shoulder, or upper arm on at least one occasion during their worklife and that 15 % had had such pain during the year prior to the study. These pains arose through a number of causes collectively grouped as shoulder girdle pain. The relative importance of trivial injuries, degenerative changes, and structural abnormalities is considered along with the possible work-related role in contributing to the onset of such painful syndromes. In light of these possibilities the contribution which primary preventive measures could make to reducing the problem by altering the posture at work is discussed, and an indication is given of the likely limitation of secondary preventi,ve measures (screening) in this field. On the other hand there is room for increased diagnostic accuracy to ensure better management and rehabilitation for those with prolonged or recurrent painful symptoms.
Security Against Covert Adversaries: Efficient Protocols for Realistic Adversaries. (2007)

Abstract In the setting of secure multiparty computation, a set of mutually distrustful parties wishto securely compute some joint function of their private inputs. The computation should be
Picosecond laser pulse irradiation of crystalline silicon (1982)

Morphology changes introduced by picosecond laser pulses at λ = 532 nm and 355 nm in (111) and (100) silicon samples are studied by means of optical and high-voltage electron microscopy. Depending on energy fluence, orientation and wavelength, amorphous or highly defective regions may be created. From an analysis of damage thresholds and damage depth distributions it is concluded that melting and energy confinement precedes the formation of the structural changes.
A neural network improves the classification of high-risk intensive care patients (2002)

A two-layer feedforward neural network for classifying intensive care patients as normal or at risk for severe cardiorespiratory disorders was designed and compared with the best, previously investigated, Bayesian classifier of similar complexity. At three distinct observation times soon after heart surgery, the three variables most effective in separating the two classes were measured and used to test the performances of classifiers by the leave-one-out method. The results showed that the ability of the well-known neural network to describe input-output nonlinear behaviour made it possible to obtain a lower level of misclassification of new data without loss of generalization.
LRBAC: A Location-Aware Role-Based Access Control Model (2006)

Abstract. With the growing use of wireless networks and mobile devices, we are moving towards an era where location information will be necessary for access control. The use of location information can be used for enhancing the security of an application, and it can also be exploited to launch attacks. For critical applications, a formal model for location-based access control is needed that increases the security of the application and ensures that the location information cannot be exploited to cause harm. In this paper, we show how the Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) model can be extended to incorporate the notion of location. We show how the different components in the RBAC model are related with location and how this location information can be used to determine whether a subject has access to a given object. This model is suitable for applications consisting of static and dynamic objects, where location of the subject and object must be considered before granting access. 1
A Prototype 1×32 Ge:Ga/Ge:Sb detector array with SBRC-190 CTIA readout multiplexer (2002)

We have constructed a far infrared detector array consisting of a 1×16 Ge:Ga and a 1×16 Ge:Sb placed side-by-side to form a linear, 1×32 array. An SBRC-190 readout multiplexer, which is a 1×32, multi-gain, capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA) manufactured by Raytheon Infrared Operation, is wire bonded to the array. The array has been tested in the temperature range of 3.2K to 2.6K under various infrared radiation levels. In this presentation we will discuss the design and will report on the results of the preliminary tests conducted on this array at 3.0K. This developmental effort is intended to test the viability of the SBRC-190 unit-cell design for far infrared detector arrays and help foster improvement and further development of readout electronics based on the CTIA design. In addition, we hope to extend the detector design and develop a two-dimensional, monolithic array.
A Picolinic Acid Derivative: A Plant Growth Regulator (1963)

4-Amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid is more toxic to many broad-leaved plants than 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. It is comparable in absorption by foliage, in translocation, and in soil-leaching characteristics; in soil, however, it retains its activity for a longer time.
W. T. LhamonJr., Deliberate Speed: The Origins of a Cultural Style in the American 1950s (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1990, £15.50). Pp. 286. ISBN 0 87474 379 6. (1993)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
An architecture and issues for Online Dispute Resolution with fairness and justice (2008)

Dispute resolution is a very important aspect in our society. Most dispute resolution is settled by negotiation rather than litigation. With the development of information techniques, online dispute resolution (ODR) have flourished for decade. While most negotiation tools for ODR are based on utility theory instead of fairness and justice. In order to better protect the weak party on the bargaining table, we need to enhance the fairness and justice of dispute resolution. A substantial research literature shows that peoplepsilas judgments of how fair an decision is play an important role in their attitude toward the decision. Such bargaining often occurs in the shadow of the Principle, which includes government laws, industry self-regulation, and contract agreed by parties involved should be the basic guideline. An expert system approach is used to construct a dispute resolution system with fairness and justice that can determine which party is liable or responsible for the dispute. An issue list is presented to explore the implementation issues on building such a system.
Logic and high level synthesis for communication protocols (2003)

This work presents the results obtained using a methodology that allows the hardware implementation and the rapid prototyping of communication protocols through logic and high level synthesis (HLS). The implementation results of different description styles of protocols and a comparison of the protocol implementation using the HLS technique with a standard cells library and the implementation using a Programmable Logic Device (PLD) are presented. The results include area analysis and clock frequency evaluation of the synthesized hardware.
Importance of subtype in the immune response to the pre-S(2) region of the hepatitis B surface antigen. II. Synthetic Pre-S(2) immunogen. (1990)

One purpose of this study was to examine the influence of viral subtype on in vivo antibody production to the pre-S(2) region of the hepatitis B surface Ag. Immunization with hepatitis B surface Ag particles containing the pre-S(2) region of the d or y subtypes identified the B10.M (H-2f) strain as an antibody nonresponder to the pre-S(2) and S regions after immunization with the y subtype, but as an antibody responder to the pre-S(2) and S regions after immunization with the d subtype. Both the S region and pre-S(2) region-specific antibody responses emanated from pre-S(2)/d-specific Th cell function because B10.M mice are T cell nonresponsive to the S region of both subtypes. Although responder/nonresponder status of the B10.M strain was dependent on the pre-S(2) subtype used for immunization, the anti-pre-S(2) antibody produced was totally cross-reactive on both subtypes. This is consistent with the conserved nature of the dominant pre-S(2) antibody-binding site and the highly polymorphic nature of the pre-S(2) sequence that represents the focus of T cell recognition. These data suggest that, to fully benefit from the inclusion of pre-S(2) region sequences, third generation hepatitis B virus vaccines should contain both the d and y subtype sequences of the pre-S(2) region to increase the frequency of pre-S(2) and S-specific antibody responses and to insure Th cell memory relevant to both viral subtypes. A second purpose of this study was to "design" a synthetic pre-S(2) immunogen based on combining the dominant B and T cell recognition sites into a single peptide. A composite peptide consisting of the dominant T cell recognition sequence p151-174 positioned N-terminal to the dominant B cell site p133-143 (i.e., p151-174(133-143] yielded an effective pre-S(2) synthetic immunogen. Interestingly, the orientation of the T and B cell determinants and the context of the T cell site within the larger composite peptide influenced both antibody fine specificity and T cell fine specificity.
Excitatory Amino Acid Agonist‐Antagonist Interactions at 2‐Amino‐4‐Phosphonobutyric Acid‐Sensitive Quisqualate Receptors Coupled to Phosphoinositide Hydrolysis in Slices of Rat Hippocampus (1988)

Studies were carried out to define the relative affinities and intrinsic activities of excitatory amino acid agonists that activate receptor sites coupled to phosphoinositide hydrolysis in brain. Slices of rat hippocampus were prelabeled with myo-[3H]inositol, and agonist stimulation was indexed by measuring the accumulation of [3H]inositol monophosphate [( 3H]IP) in the presence of Li+. It was observed that ibotenic (IBO) and quisqualic (QUIS) acids both elicit highly significant, concentration-dependent stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Whereas maximal stimulation by IBO (10(-3) M) was four- to fivefold over basal values, the maximal effect of QUIS (10(-4) M) was less (about twofold). Based on the relative concentrations required for 50% maximal stimulation, QUIS was 20 times more potent than IBO. Stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis by either IBO or QUIS was additive to the effects of nonexcitatory amino acid agonists (carbachol and norepinephrine) in this tissue. However, the stimulatory effects of IBO plus QUIS were not additive. At greater than or equal to 10(-4) M, QUIS significantly inhibited phosphoinositide hydrolysis by a maximal stimulatory concentration of IBO (10(-3) M) to a level observed with QUIS alone. Other excitatory amino acid agonists, including kainate, N-methyl-D-aspartate, and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), had no stimulatory effects at concentrations as high as 10(-3) M. The D,L or L forms of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (AP4), but not D-AP4, significantly enhanced [3H]IP levels to approximately 135% of basal values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Investigations on Repellent and Insecticidal Effects of Xanthium strumarium L. on Colorado Potato Beetle Leptinotrasa decemlineata Say (Col: Chrysomelidae) (1998)

The repellent effects of the extracts of Xanthium strumariumfruits and leaves dilueted with 1/6, 1/8, 1/10 water (w/v) for fruits and 1/6, 1/8 (w/v) for leaves were investigated with randomised plot design and 25 replicates under laboratory conditions. Insecticidal effect was also studied in laboratory. It was found that insecticidal effect was low, where as repellent effect was quite high. On the other hand, the effect of 1/6 concentration of fruit extract against adult and larvae of Colorado Potato Beetle was investigated under field conditions and the repellent effect was confirmed.
Downhole Leak Detection: Introducing A New Wireline Array Noise Tool (2019)

Abstract This paper will introduce a new generation wireline Array Noise Tool (ANT). This tool is used to detect downhole acoustic / vibration activities originating from fluid-structure friction flow. One of main applications in Well Integrity (WI) and Plug & Abandonment (P&A) for ANT is to locate leak sources in well completions and tubulars. The innovative sensor matrix and system configuration together with three novel data processing methods are studied and developed to address the following primary challenges; Tiny acoustic leakage signals (-30dB to -60dB), for example, the minor leaks behind pipes or even inside the formation matrix,Strong road-noise acoustic signal contamination from tool motion while dynamic logging,Nonstationary and/or nonlinear signal distortions because of tool flexural vibrations, andDownhole seismic noise. The tool can be operated both in stationary logging and in dynamic logging. The wide-band sensor matrix is designed with a unique configurable technique to form different measurement arrays. As a result, the tool can simultaneously acquire absolute and differential acoustic signals. By using this sensor matrix we are able to improve Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) by up to 20 to 30dB. From the acquired data, we employ a multi-dimensional machine learning (ML) classification module, cascaded with cluster iteration to separate real leak signatures from other unwanted noise signals. After a data conditioning process, the wave velocity-domain decomposition method is utilized to further distinguish the leak signal propagation characteristics against other noise propagations to enhance overall SNR for leak detectability. Lastly we use a Bayesian likelihood analysis to identify the leak depth locations with a confidence index based on the information contained in both signal energy and signal velocity. We are able to achieve 15dB to 20dB SNR improvement from this data processing methodology. The system design goal is to eliminate unwanted acoustic noise that is not associated with leaks, while maintaining sufficient sensitivity to pick up minor leaks. The tool has been logged commercially in the US, Middle East, East Asia, and Latin America. The tool performance has been validated through simulation, lab tests, and field logs. Field logging examples are demonstrating a leak detection success rate above 95%. Field cases include multi-annulus, low flow rate, and gas well field examples. Field results will be presented in this paper. ANT instrument technology and the associated advanced processing methods are a new solution for detecting the leak source locations and monitor leak paths, especially, in Well Integrity (WI), Plug and Abandonment (P&A), and many other well applications.
Comparison of heart rate monitoring with indirect calorimetry for energy expenditure evaluation (2012)

The purpose of this study was to compare established methods with newly-developed methods for estimating the total energy expenditure (TEE). The study subjects comprised 46 individuals, including 16 middle-aged men (mean age 51.4 years), 14 middle-aged women (mean age 49.9 years) and 16 young women (mean age 19.1 years). The TEE was estimated from 24-h heart rate (HR) data using newly-developed software (MoveSense HRAnalyzer 2011a, RC1, Suunto Oy, Vantaa, Finland), and was compared against the TEE determined using doubly labeled water (DLW). Agreement between the two methods was analyzed using Bland and Altman plots. The HR method yielded similar TEE values as the DLW method at the group level, with an average of 8.6 kcal/day in the difference in the mean, but with large individual variations. Forty-four (96%) out of 46 subjects fell within ±2SD of the mean difference in TEE comparisons, and there was no tendency towards under- or over-estimation. Our results indicate that the current software using HR analysis for the estimation of daily TEE needs further development for use with free-living individuals.