gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rough Set Based Ensemble Prediction for Topic Specific Web Crawling (2009)

The rapid growth of the World Wide Web had made the problem of useful resource discovery an important one in recent years. Several techniques such as focused crawling and intelligent crawling have recently been proposed for topic specific resource discovery. All these crawlers use the hypertext features behavior in order to perform topic specific resource discovery. A focused crawler uses the relevance score of the crawled page to score the unvisited URLs extracted from it. The scored URLs are then added to the frontier. Then it picks up the best URL to crawl next. Focused crawlers rely on different types of features of the crawled pages to keep the crawling scope within the desired domain and they are obtained from URL, anchor text, link structure and text contents of the parent and ancestor pages. Different focused crawling algorithms use these different set of features to predict the relevance and quality of the unvisited Web pages. In this article a combined method based on rough set theory has been proposed. It combines the available predictions using decision rules and can build much larger domain-specific collections with less noise. Our experiment in this regard has provided better Harvest rate and better target recall for focused crawling.
Understanding Data Characteristics and Access Patterns in a Cloud Storage System (2013)

Understanding the inherent system characteristics is crucial to the design and optimization of cloud storage system, and few studies have systematically investigated its data characteristics and access patterns. This paper presents an analysis of file system snapshot and five-month access trace of a campus cloud storage system that has been deployed on Tsinghua campus for three years. The system provides online storage and data sharing services for more than 19,000 students and 500 student groups. We report several data characteristics including file size and file type, as well as some access patterns, including read/write ratio, read-write dependency and daily traffic. We find that there are many differences between cloud storage system and traditional file systems: our cloud storage system has larger file sizes, lower read/write ratio, and smaller set of active files than those of a typical traditional file system. With a trace-driven simulation, we find that the cache efficiency can be improved by 5 times using the guidance from our observations.
Synthesis and Electronic Properties of Extended, Fused-Ring Aromatic Systems Containing Multiple Pentalene Units (2010)

A series of elongated dibenzopentalenes were synthesized via a Pd-catalyzed cyclization followed by an Fe-mediated cyclodehydrogenation. Structural geometries varying from linear to extremely bent are shown to drastically influence solubility properties as well as reduction potentials. Comparisons are made to monopentalenes and related diindenoindacenes. UV-vis absorption spectra and cyclic voltammetry measurements indicate a strong modulation of the electronic structure of these compounds mediated by the strength of interactions between pentalene centers.
Location-bsed Mobile Blogging (2006)

Mobile phones are becoming the most pervasive computing platform for a large proportion of the world's population. Furthermore, their inherent mobility and connectivity are providing new and interesting possibilities for documenting human activity across both time and space. In this paper, we present the LocoBlog, a mobile phone application which allows bloggers to update their online blogs with conventional journal information, such as text and photos, alongside information relating to their geographical position. This information allows blog entries to gain a greater contextual significance. The user's position can be obtained directly, by connecting the application to a Bluetooth GPS receiver, or derived by linking their GSM Cell ID to location. Once logged, this data can then be interpreted in a number of ways from 2D dimensional mapping and tracking using such systems as the Google Maps API, to more complex analysis using 3D space-time mapping
The Metabolic and Developmental Roles of Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase4 from Potato  (2010)

The factors that regulate storage organ carotenoid content remain to be fully elucidated, despite the nutritional and economic importance of this class of compound. Recent findings suggest that carotenoid pool size is determined, at least in part, by the activity of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase4 (CCD4) activity affects potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber carotenoid content. Microarray analysis revealed elevated expression of the potato CCD4 gene in mature tubers from white-fleshed cultivars compared with higher carotenoid yellow-fleshed tubers. The expression level of the potato CCD4 gene was down-regulated using an RNA interference (RNAi) approach in stable transgenic lines. Down-regulation in tubers resulted in an increased carotenoid content, 2- to 5-fold higher than in control plants. The increase in carotenoid content was mainly due to elevated violaxanthin content, implying that this carotenoid may act as the in vivo substrate. Although transcript level was also reduced in plant organs other than tubers, such as leaves, stems, and roots , there was no change in carotenoid content in these organs. However, carotenoid levels were elevated in flower petals from RNAi lines. As well as changes in tuber carotenoid content, tubers from RNAi lines exhibited phenotypes such as heat sprouting, formation of chain tubers, and an elongated shape. These results suggest that the product of the CCD4 reaction may be an important factor in tuber heat responses.
Immunization with Both T Cell-Dependent and T Cell-Independent Vaccines Augments HIV Viral Load Secondarily to Stimulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor α (1998)

Vaccination of HIV-infected individuals increases HIV viral load, reduces CD4 cell counts, and might influence disease progression. Because these deleterious effects are postulated to be secondary to a direct activation of T lymphocytes induced by the immunogen, we compared immunologic and virologic effects of a T cell-dependent and a T cell-independent vaccine. Seventeen HIV-infected children were immunized with influenza (FLU) (T cell-dependent) or pneumococcal (PNEUMO) (T cell-independent) vaccines. HIV viral load and type 1 (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) and type 2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokine production were evaluated before and 7, 14, and 28 days after vaccination. Slopes of CD4 cell counts analyzed 6 months before and 6 months after vaccination were not significantly different. HIV viral load increased in both groups of children despite the fact that type 1 cytokine production and the type 1-to-type 2 ratio increased in FLU-vaccinated but not in PNEUMO-vaccinated patients. Thus, an increase in HIV viral load in the absence of T cell activation (as measured by cytokine production) was observed in PNEUMO-vaccinated children. Because polysaccharides of the bacterial cell wall stimulate TNF-alpha production by monocyte-macrophages and TNF-alpha was shown to stimulate HIV replication directly on activation of NF-kappa b after binding the long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences of HIV, we measured TNF-alpha production and observed a significant increase in both groups of vaccines. These data suggest that an increase in HIV viral load can be observed in vaccinated HIV-infected children even independent of direct antigen-induced activation of T lymphocytes, and that augmented production of TNF-alpha might play a role in this phenomenon.
Collisional-radiative transfer between Rydberg states of helium and electronic recombination of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">He</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1977)

We report detailed spectroscopic measurements of light emission and excited level populations in a pure-helium afterglow at a pressure of 2.03 Torr. The free-electron temperature could be varied by microwave heating. Electron density ${n}_{e}$ and temperature ${T}_{e}$ were measured by precision microwave interferometry and they range from 5 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{9}$ to 3 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{11}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ for ${n}_{e}$ and from 300 to 600\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K for ${T}_{e}$. Rydberg states of neutral helium near the bottleneck for collisional-radiative (CR) recombination were perturbed in a well-controlled manner by photoionization with 10.6-\ensuremath{\mu}m photons. Our experimental data are consistent with a CR recombination scheme with simultaneous stabilization by collisions with free electrons and with neutral helium atoms. They establish the fact that the Gryzi\ifmmode \acute{n}\else \'{n}\fi{}ski formalism for electron-impact-induced transitions between bound rydberg states of high principal quantum number seriously overestimates the probability of collisions with small energy transfers. This study gives also experimental indications of what appears to be neutral-stabilized CR recombination of an atomic ion, ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$. The experimental recombination rate coefficient is well represented over the range of parameters covered at 2.03 Torr by $\ensuremath{\alpha}({\mathrm{cm}}^{3} invsec)=3.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}{T}_{e}^{\ensuremath{-}1.9}+6.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}{T}_{e}^{\ensuremath{-}2.18}{{n}_{e}}^{0.37}+3.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}{T}_{e}^{\ensuremath{-}4.5}{n}_{e}$, in reasonable agreement with available theories.
Short Notices (1962)

Short Notices Get access G. D. RAMSAY G. D. RAMSAY St. Edmund HallOxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXVII, Issue CCCIII, April 1962, Page 366, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXVII.CCCIII.366 Published: 01 April 1962
Localization of amyloid P component in human brain: Vascular staining patterns and association with alzheimer's disease lesions (1995)

Amyloid P component is a normal serum protein that is highly conserved across phylogeny. Although it resembles the classic acute-phase reactant C-reactive protein, and is considered to be a normal extracellular matrix component, its physiologic role in humans is unknown. Amyloid P component is also colocalized with accumulations of all recognized forms of amyloid. The present study uses light and electron microscopy to compare the cerebral localization of amyloid P component in cases with (n = 19) and without (n = 15) Alzheimer's disease (AD). In non-AD cases, amyloid P component was predominantly localized to the cerebrovasculature. Perivascular staining was observed in most cases, more so in the white than in the gray matter. In AD cases, amyloid P component was localized to all three characteristics histopathologic lesions, namely, neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques, and amyloid angiopathy. Furthermore, in cases with prominent staining of gray matter parenchymal lesions, intravascular staining was decreased. Given the fixation and processing methods used, amyloid P component was never seen to be localized to the cerebrovascular basement membrane. These data argue against amyloid P component's postulated role as the anchor for vascular beta-amyloid deposition. Because there is no evidence for intrinsic amyloid P component production in brain, its perivascular and parenchymal distributions suggest either compromise of the blood-brain barrier or transport across vascular endothelium.
Flicker Fusion and Harmonic Analysis (1961)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. H. Kelly, "Flicker Fusion and Harmonic Analysis," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 51, 917-918 (1961) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
DC-SIGN and α2,6-sialylated IgG Fc interaction is dispensable for the anti-inflammatory activity of IVIg on human dendritic cells (2009)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Adaptive control with aerospace applications (2013)

Robust and adaptive control techniques have a rich history of theoretical development with successful application. Despite the accomplishments made, attempts to combine the best elements of each approach into robust adaptive systems has proven challenging, particularly in the area of application to real world aerospace systems. In this research, we investigate design methods for general classes of systems that may be applied to representative aerospace dynamics. By combining robust baseline control design with augmentation designs, our work aims to leverage the advantages of each approach. ? This research contributes the development of robust model-based control design for two classes of dynamics: 2nd order cascaded systems, and a more general MIMO framework. We present a theoretically justified method for state limiting via augmentation of a robust baseline control design. Through the development of adaptive augmentation designs, we are able to retain system performance in the presence of uncertainties. We include an extension that combines robust baseline design with both state limiting and adaptive augmentations. In addition we develop an adaptive augmentation design approach for a class of dynamic input uncertainties. We present formal stability proofs and analyses for all proposed designs in the research. ? Throughout the work, we present real world aerospace applications using relevant flight dynamics and flight test results. We derive robust baseline control designs with application to both piloted and unpiloted aerospace system. Using our developed methods, we add a flight envelope protecting state limiting augmentation for piloted aircraft applications and demonstrate the efficacy of our approach via both simulation and flight test. We illustrate our adaptive augmentation designs via application to relevant fixed-wing aircraft dynamics. Both a piloted example combining the state limiting and adaptive augmentation approaches, and an unpiloted example with adaptive augmentation show the ability of our approach to retain desired performance in the presence of relevant system uncertainty. Finally, we present alternative adaptive augmentation design developed to mitigate time delays at the system input and which demonstrates significant improvement over an existing widely used adaptive augmentation approach when applied to fixed wing aircraft dynamics.
Stain etching of silicon pillars and macropores (2005)

Abstract We used a XeCl excimer laser (308 nm, ∼3 J cm –2 ) and chemically enhanced laser ablation in the presence of SF 6 to create arrays of silicon pillars. Etching of these pillars with KOH leads to arrays of macropores whose morphology depends on surface crystallography. Several new stain etchants – containing some combination of HF, NH 4 HF 2 , HCl, HNO 3 , Fe(III), Mn(VII) and water – have been used to cover these structures with a layer of microporous silicon. Both pillars and macropores are black, i.e., exhibit low reflectivity across the visible spectrum. When porosified, pillars exhibit visible photoluminescence whose angular distribution differs from that of planar porous silicon with significantly more intensity at high angles. The peak photoluminescence wavelength depends on the stain etchant composition and exposure to air. The use of metal ions in place of HNO 3 in the stain etchant ameliorates the production of gas bubbles and leads to more uniform films. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dibenzothiazepinones as potential calcium channel antagonists. I. (1993)

Certain dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptenes and dibenzo[b,e]thiepins (e.g., 1 and 2) substituted in the 5 and 11-positions, respectively, are potent calcium channel antagonists. It has previously been shown that potency increases with a decrease in the angle between the planes of the flanking aromatic rings, as computed by semi-empirical AM1 calculations with geometry minimization. In the present study, we evaluated a series of dibenzo[b,f]-1,4-thiazepinones (10-14) as potential bioisosteres of these compounds having a slightly more acute angle of flexure. X-Ray diffraction reveals the crystal structure of the parent dibenzo[b,f]-1,4-thiazepinone 4 to have a flexure angle of 108.4 degrees. Due to electron delocalization, the amide moiety in the seven-membered ring adopts a planar conformation. The synthesis of a series of 10-[omega-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]alkyl]dibenzo[b,f]-1,4 - thiazepin-11(10H)-ones (10-14), and results of their evaluation for calcium channel antagonistic activity on hamster aorta, are presented.
A New Fast Adaptive Beamforming Method Based on LMS Algorithm (2006)

In this paper, a new subarray least mean square algorithm (SLMS) for digital beamforming antenna system is proposed, which is suitable to be applied in parallel DSP hardware to achieve high computational efficiency. Low sidelobe of the beam is obtained by constraining the static steering vector with Tschebyscheff coefficients. Simulation results show that the proposed SLMS method requires less computational load than that of subarray asynchronous recursive least square (SARLS) method.
A Study of Diesel Combustion Process Under the Condition of EGR and High-Pressure Fuel Injection with Gas Sampling Method (1996)

It is well known that a high-pressure fuel injection is effective for the reduction in particulates and smoke emissions. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is effective for the reduction in NO{sub x} emission. In this study an experiment aiming to understand more comprehensive combustion under the condition of EGR and high-pressure fuel injection was carried out by using gas sampling method for the purpose of understanding what occurred inside the spray before and after combustion. The number of combustion cycles in this engine can be controlled in order to change EGR conditions by adjusting the residual gas concentration in the cylinder. Main results were: (1) close to the nozzle tip, the sampling gas data showed little reaction which implies that combustion never occurs in this area during the injection period; (2) in the case of high-pressure fuel injection O{sub 2} concentration decreased faster and air dilution was more active and earlier, this may cause the decrease of smoke emissions due to accelerated soot oxidation; (3) in the case of EGR, combustion was poor since oxygen concentration was insufficient, thus, inactivity of oxidation reaction caused reduction in NO{sub x} emission; (4) in the case of increasing the amounts of N{sub 2} gasmore » while keeping the O{sub 2} content constant (same amount as without EGR), NO{sub x} emission decreased without deterioration of smoke emission and Pmi.« less
Modern Fluorescent Proteins: From Chromophore Formation to Novel Intracellular Applications (2011)

The diverse biochemical and photophysical properties of fluorescent proteins (FPs) have enabled the generation of a growing palette of colors, providing unique opportunities for their use in a variety of modern biology applications. Modulation of these FP characteristics is achieved through diversity in both the structure of the chromophore as well as the contacts between the chromophore and the surrounding protein barrel. Here we review our current knowledge of blue, green, and red chromophore formation in permanently emitting FPs, photoactivatable FPs, and fluorescent timers. Progress in understanding the interplay between FP structure and function has allowed the engineering of FPs with many desirable features, and enabled recent advances in microscopy techniques such as super-resolution imaging of single molecules, imaging of protein dynamics, photochromic FRET, deep-tissue imaging, and multicolor two-photon microscopy in live animals.
Ca<sub>3</sub>AI<sub>2</sub>SI<sub>2</sub>: An Inorganic Structure Analogous to but not Isoelectronic with Polyacene (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCa3AI2SI2: An Inorganic Structure Analogous to but not Isoelectronic with PolyaceneJing Li and Roald HoffmanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 4, 887–893Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1988Publication History Published online19 September 2002Published inissue 1 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100315a600https://doi.org/10.1021/j100315a600research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Application of PLS‐DA in multivariate image analysis (2006)

Abstract A simple imaging system has been developed for acquiring multivariate images in order to characterise the heterogeneity of food materials. The objective of the present work is, first, to demonstrate the capability of this acquisition system to discriminate food products of different natures. Secondly, our goal is to apply Partial Least Squares regression on these multivariate images and to evaluate the interest of various strategies of classification. A data set containing 24 images (702 × 524) acquired at different wavelengths for four food products is analysed. After the establishment of the PLS2 models employed for predicting the indicator variables, four strategies of classification of observations are tested. The first classification is done by selecting the largest component of the indicator variables. The others are based on the measurement of distances to the barycentres of the qualitative groups. Distances calculated can be either Euclidian distances or Mahalonobis distances. Except the strategy based on the Euclidian distance on scores , the strategies are rather equivalent, with a slight advantage to the Euclidian distance on predicted indicators . Another possibility addressed by the use of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on multivariate images is to represent the qualitative groups as artificial images. The largest confusion appears between both cereal products while others are well classified. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.