gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peloruside A Does Not Bind to the Taxoid Site on β-Tubulin and Retains Its Activity in Multidrug-Resistant Cell Lines (2004)

Peloruside A (peloruside), a microtubule-stabilizing agent from a marine sponge, is less susceptible than paclitaxel to multidrug resistance arising from overexpression of the P-glycoprotein efflux pump and is not affected by mutations that affect the taxoid binding site of beta-tubulin. In vitro studies with purified tubulin indicate that peloruside directly induces tubulin polymerization in the absence of microtubule-associated proteins. Competition for binding between peloruside, paclitaxel, and laulimalide revealed that peloruside binds to a different site on tubulin to paclitaxel. Moreover, laulimalide was able to displace peloruside, indicating that peloruside and laulimalide may compete for the same or overlapping binding sites. It was concluded that peloruside and laulimalide have binding properties that are distinct from other microtubule-stabilizing compounds currently under investigation.
Optimal Hydrophobicity of Silica in Mixed Oil−Silica Antifoams (2002)

Mixtures of a properly chosen oil (poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) or hydrocarbon) and hydrophobic particles (e.g., hydrophobized silica) have a strong deteriorating effect on foam stability, even when introduced in a very low concentration. These mixtures are widely used for foam control and are commonly termed antifoam compounds. In the present study, we check experimentally how the antifoam efficiency depends on the hydrophobicity of the solid particles. For this purpose, we prepare antifoam compounds by mixing silicone oil (PDMS) and hydrophilic silica at room temperature. The mild stirring of this mixture leads to a gradual PDMS adsorption on the silica surface, making it more hydrophobic. This process is very slow at room temperature and takes weeks before reaching the final, most hydrophobic state of the particles. Thus, we are able to check how the antifoam activity changes along the process of silica hydrophobization. Solutions of three surfactants (one ionic and two nonionic) are used as foaming media. In all of the studied systems, a well-pronounced maximum in the antifoam efficiency is observed at a certain optimal silica hydrophobicity, which depends on the used surfactant. The foam tests are complemented with several model experiments, and a plausible explanation of the observed phenomenon is suggested.
Treatment of canine generalized demodicosis with a ‘spot‐on’ formulation containing 10% moxidectin and 2.5% imidacloprid (Advocate<sup>®</sup>, Bayer Healthcare) (2009)

In this multicentre study, the efficacy of a spot-on formulation containing 10% imidacloprid and 2.5% moxidectin (Advocate, Bayer HealthCare) was evaluated for the treatment of dogs with generalized demodicosis. The spot-on was applied every 2 weeks. Secondary bacterial infections were diagnosed by clinical examination, cytology and bacterial culture as appropriate and treated with oral antibiotics. Improvement or deterioration was determined monthly by clinical scores and by assessing mite numbers on microscopy of skin scrapings. Seventy-two dogs were included in the study. Fifty-two dogs had juvenile-onset demodicosis (mean of 11 months, range 2-24 months) and 20 dogs were adults at onset of disease (mean of 8.6 years, range 3.5-14 years). Twenty-six dogs went into remission, three with adult-onset demodicosis, 23 with juvenile-onset. The latter group showed significantly higher remission rates (P = 0.0252). Time until remission varied from 4 to 32 weeks (mean of 12.5 weeks). Dogs with a clinical score of <45 at the beginning of the study showed a significantly better response to the treatment (P = 0.0004), with a remission rate of 71%. In contrast, only 24% of those dogs with a score >45 went into remission. Adverse effects were not observed. One of the dogs responding to treatment showed recurrence of the disease during a follow-up period of 12 months. This study shows a better success rate of Advocate in dogs with mild clinical signs, versus those with moderate to severe clinical signs.
A phenomological model for capturing cerebrovascular reactivity to anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (2013)

The paper presents a phenomological model to capture cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) that represented the capacity of blood vessels to dilate during anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Anodal tDCS modulated cortical neural activity leading to CVR, where it can identify impaired cerebral microvessels functionality leading to impairments of cerebral blood flow that may cause impairments in the cerebral functions. In this study, CVR was probed with near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) where NIRS recorded changes in oxy-haemoglobin and deoxy-haemoglobin concentrations during anodal tDCS-induced activation of the cortical region located under the electrode and in-between the light sources and detectors. The regional CVR during anodal tDCS was captured by adapting an arteriolar compliance model of the cerebral blood flow response to neural stimuli, where a fourth-order discrete-time model represented the haemodynamic response to anodal tDCS. A case study showed detectable CVR response (0-60sec) to a 0.526A/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> square-pulse (0-30sec) of anodal tDCS where these alterations in the vascular system may result in secondary changes in the cortical excitability. This needs to be carefully studied in the future with multi-modal imaging in a larger patient group, for example, in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy.
Coherent control of spontaneous emission near a photonic band edge: A qubit for quantum computation (1999)

We demonstrate the coherent control of spontaneous emission for a three-level atom located within a photonic band-gap structure with one resonant frequency near the edge of the photonic band gap. Spontaneous emission from the three-level atom can be totally suppressed or strongly enhanced depending on the relative phase between the steady-state control laser coupling the two upper levels and the pump laser pulse used to create an excited state of the atom in the form of a coherent superposition of the two upper levels. Unlike the free-space case, the steady-state inversion of the atomic system is strongly dependent on the externally prescribed initial conditions. This nonzero steady-state population is achieved by virtue of the localization of light in the vicinity of the emitting atom. It is robust to decoherence effects provided that the Rabi frequency of the control laser field-atom interaction exceeds the rate of dephasing interactions. As a result, such a system may be relevant for a single-atom, phase-sensitive, optical memory device on the atomic scale. The protected electric dipole within the photonic band gap provides a basis for a qubit to encode information for quantum computations.
Dual-Axis Solar Tracker for Using in Photovoltaic Systems (2017)

This paper presents a dual-axis solar tracker based on a real-time measurement of solar radiation. For this, Matlab-Simulink was used to perform the dynamic model of: solar radiation, electromechanical system and solar panel. The implementation of the solar tracker was performed using a digital controller that processes signals from radiation sensors and inertial measurement unit. The acquired data are contrasted with a mathematical algorithm to calculate sunâ€™s position and set the control action to orient the panel. A real-time processing system with internal memory capacity was developed, which considers the relative position between the radiation sensor and solar panel to improve system efficiency. The obtained simulation results confirm the approach robustness. Preliminary results with the solar tracker show a maximum increase of 9.87% in the energy obtained from dual-axis solar panel compared with energy from a fixed panel optimally oriented. The tests were performed using two 200W solar panels operating simultaneously under the same climatic conditions.
Aptamer-based Field-Effect Biosensor for Tenofovir Detection (2017)

During medical treatment it is critical to maintain the circulatory concentration of drugs within their therapeutic range. A novel biosensor is presented in this work to address the lack of a reliable point-of-care drug monitoring system in the market. The biosensor incorporates high selectivity and sensitivity by integrating aptamers as the recognition element and field-effect transistors as the signal transducer. The drug tenofovir was used as a model small molecule. The biointerface of the sensor is a binary self-assembled monolayer of specific thiolated aptamer and 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH), whose ratio was optimized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements to enhance the sensitivity towards the specific target. Surface plasmon resonance, performed under different buffer conditions, shows optimum specific and little non-specific binding in phosphate buffered saline. The dose-response behavior of the field-effect biosensor presents a linear range between 1 nM and 100 nM of tenofovir and a limit of detection of 1.2 nM. Two non-specific drugs and one non-specific aptamer, tested as stringent control candidates, caused negligible responses. The applications were successfully extended to the detection of the drug in human serum. As demonstrated by impedance measurements, the aptamer-based sensors can be used for real-time drug monitoring.
A Multicenter Study of Glucocerebrosidase Mutations in Dementia With Lewy Bodies (2013)

Mutations in GBA1 are a significant risk factor for DLB. GBA1 mutations likely play an even larger role in the genetic etiology of DLB than in PD, providing insight into the role of glucocerebrosidase in Lewy body disease.
Restoration of Euglycemia and Normal Acute Insulin Response to Glucose in Obese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Following Bariatric Surgery (2003)

Insulin resistance and loss of glucose-stimulated acute insulin response (AIR) are the two major and earliest defects in the course of type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether weight loss after bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes could restore euglycemia and normal AIR to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). We studied 25 morbidly obese patients-12 with type 2 diabetes, 5 with impaired glucose tolerance, and 8 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT)-before and after a biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP). Twelve individuals with normal BMI served as control subjects. Twelve months after surgery, in the diabetes group, BMI decreased from 53.2 +/- 2.0 to 29.2 +/- 1.7 kg/m(2), fasting glucose decreased from 9.5 +/- 0.83 to 4.5 +/- 0.13 mmol/l, and fasting insulin decreased from 168.4 +/- 25.9 to 37.7 +/- 4.4 pmol/l (mean +/- SE; P < 0.001). AIR, the mean of insulin concentration at 2, 3, and 5 min over basal in the IVGTT, increased by 770 and 935% at 3 and 12 months after surgery, respectively (from 24.0 +/- 22.7 to 209 +/- 43.4 and 248 +/- 33.1 pmol/l, respectively; P < 0,001). Conversely, in the NGT group, the AIR decreased by 40.5% (from 660 +/- 60 to 393 +/- 93 pmol/l; P = 0.027) 12 months after surgery. BPD with RYGBP performed in morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes leads to significant weight loss, euglycemia, and normal insulin sensitivity; but most importantly, it restores a normal beta-cell AIR to glucose and a normal relationship of AIR to insulin sensitivity. This is the first study to demonstrate that the lost glucose-induced AIR in patients with type 2 diabetes of mild or moderate severity is a reversible abnormality.
Contribution of D4-F to ABCA1 Expression and Cholesterol Efflux in THP-1 Macrophage-derived Foam Cells (2010)

Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays a crucial role in apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) binding activity and promotes cellular cholesterol efflux. ApoA-I mimetic peptide D4-F has reported to have the similar ability as apoA-I. However, the detailed mechanisms of ABCA1 regulation by D4-F are not understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of D4-F on ABCA1 expression and ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux and examined the role of Cdc42/cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway on the regulation of ABCA1 by D4-F in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. Results showed that D4-F stabilized ABCA1 protein and enhanced ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux but had no effect on ABCA1 messenger RNA expression. We also revealed that D4-F enhanced cAMP level and PKA activity and ABCA1 serine phosphorylation. Short interfering RNA of PKA led to reduction of ABCA1 serine phosphorylation and ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux compensated by D4-F. PKA-specific activation by PKA agonist enhanced the upregulation of ABCA1 serine phosphorylation and ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux by D4-F. However, ABCA1 expression did not change by treatment with PKA agonist or PKA-short interfering RNA. We found that secramine B of Cdc42 inhibitor reduced the cAMP level compensated by D4-F. These results provide evidence that D4-F enhances ABCA1 serine phosphorylation and ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux through Cdc42/cAMP/PKA pathway in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells.
Rapid Identification of a Disease Allele in Mouse Through Whole Genome Sequencing and Bulk Segregation Analysis (2010)

In a pedigree of C57BL/6J mice homozygous for germline mutations induced by the mutagen N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), numerous animals died under specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions between 6 and 7 months of age. Death was caused by nephritic syndrome, which progressed to renal failure associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. To identify the mutation responsible for renal disease, we sequenced genomic DNA from an affected animal using the Applied Biosystems SOLiD sequencing platform. Approximately 74% of the nucleotides comprising coding sequences and splice junctions in the mouse genome were covered at least three times. Within this portion of the genome, 64 discrepancies were flagged as potential homozygous mutations and 82 were flagged as potential heterozygous mutations. A total of 10 of these calls, all homozygous, were validated by capillary sequencing. One of the validated mutations disrupted splicing of the Col4a4 transcript. Genetic mapping by bulk segregation analysis excluded all mutations but this one as the cause of renal disease in Aoba mice. Col4a4 has not been targeted in the mouse, and this strain, named Aoba, represents the first functionally null allele in this species. Our study demonstrates the speed and utility of whole genome sequencing coupled with low resolution meiotic mapping as a means of identifying causative mutations induced by ENU.
Cdc25 and Wee1: analogous opposites? (2007)

Movement through the cell cycle is controlled by the temporally and spatially ordered activation of cyclin-dependent kinases paired with their respective cyclin binding partners. Cell cycle events occur in a stepwise fashion and are monitored by molecular surveillance systems to ensure that each cell cycle process is appropriately completed before subsequent events are initiated. Cells prevent entry into mitosis while DNA replication is ongoing, or if DNA is damaged, via checkpoint mechanisms that inhibit the activators and activate the inhibitors of mitosis, Cdc25 and Wee1, respectively. Once DNA replication has been faithfully completed, Cdc2/Cyclin B is swiftly activated for a timely transition from interphase into mitosis. This sharp transition is propagated through both positive and negative feedback loops that impinge upon Cdc25 and Wee1 to ensure that Cdc2/Cyclin B is fully activated. Recent reports from a number of laboratories have revealed a remarkably complex network of kinases and phosphatases that coordinately control Cdc25 and Wee1, thereby precisely regulating the transition into mitosis. Although not all factors that inhibit Cdc25 have been shown to activate Wee1 and vice versa, a number of regulatory modules are clearly shared in common. Thus, studies on either the Cdc25 or Wee1-regulatory arm of the mitotic control pathway should continue to shed light on how both arms are coordinated to smoothly regulate mitotic entry.
A single FPGA-based portable ultrasound imaging system for point-of-care applications (2012)

We present a cost-effective portable ultrasound system based on a single field-programmable gate array (FPGA) for point-of-care applications. In the portable ultrasound system developed, all the ultrasound signal and image processing modules, including an effective 32-channel receive beamformer with pseudo-dynamic focusing, are embedded in an FPGA chip. For overall system control, a mobile processor running Linux at 667 MHz is used. The scan-converted ultrasound image data from the FPGA are directly transferred to the system controller via external direct memory access without a video processing unit. The potable ultrasound system developed can provide real-time B-mode imaging with a maximum frame rate of 30, and it has a battery life of approximately 1.5 h. These results indicate that the single FPGA-based portable ultrasound system developed is able to meet the processing requirements in medical ultrasound imaging while providing improved flexibility for adapting to emerging POC applications.
The union bound for turbo coded modulation systems over fading channels (2003)

We derive performance bounds for turbo coded modulation systems over fading channels. We consider the Ricean fading channel model both with and without channel state information (CSI). The bounds are extensions of similar bounds derived for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels by Duman and Salehi (see IEEE Transactions on Communications, p.511-21, 1999). For the special case of a Rayleigh fading channel with CSI we also derive a tighter version of the bound. In addition, we illustrate the use of the new bounds via some numerical examples.
Map Matching with Travel Time Constraints (2007)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Map matching determines which road a vehicle is on based on inaccurate measured locations, such as GPS points. Simple algorithms, such as nearest road matching, fail often. We introduce a new algorithm that finds a sequence of road segments which simultaneously match the measured locations <i>and</i> which are traversable in the time intervals associated with the measurements. The time constraint, implemented with a hidden Markov model, greatly reduces the errors made by nearest road matching. We trained and tested the new algorithm on data taken from a large pool of real drivers.</div>
A class of doubly-generalized LDPC codes (2013)

We propose a class of doubly-generalized LDPC (DGLDPC) codes that use single-parity-check (SPC) codes as component codes at the super-variable nodes (SVNs) and SPC product-codes (SPC-PCs) as component codes at the super-check nodes (SCNs). We propose a low-complexity iterative decoding algorithm catered for the special structures of the SPC-PCs. Finally, we present the error performance and the convergence rate of the proposed DGLDPC codes.
POLIOMYELITIS IN A HIGH RISK POPULATION: DO WE NEED TO IMMUNIZE THE NEWBORN? (1972)

While the incidence of polio has declined steadily in the rest of the United States since 1966, the incidence of polio in Texas has not followed this pattern and almost all these cases have been associated with type 1 poliovirus. In 1970, a total of 38 cases of paralytic disease in children were investigated in Texas, and in 22 Texas residents, type 1 poliovirus infection was confirmed. The majority of these cases occurred in South Texas and the lower Rio Grande Valley. Of the 38 cases investigated, 33 (87%) were children under 2 years of age. Immunization records on 36 cases showed that 35 (97%) had inadequate or no immunization against polio, and all but one of the children were Caucasians of Latin-American descent. Some areas of South Texas are representative of regions of the United States that not only have a high risk of poliomyelitis in infants due to type 1 poliovirus infection, but also present special problems for health personnel in immunizing those at risk. In areas such as these, newborn feedings of type 1 oral polio vaccine is suggested.
Halogen—Metal Interconversions with Halides Containing Functional Groups (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHalogen—Metal Interconversions with Halides Containing Functional GroupsHenry Gilman and Clyde E. ArntzenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 6, 1537–1538Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01198a508https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01198a508research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Remote working: survey of attitudes to eHealth of doctors and nurses in rural general practices in the United Kingdom (2004)

Although primary healthcare professionals recognize the general benefits of eHealth, uptake is low. By acknowledging barriers to the uptake of eHealth in geographically isolated settings, broader policies on its implementation in primary care may be informed.
Secondary Structure Analysis of Genetically Modified Silk with Spider Fiber Protein (2007)

Secondary structure of silk fiber containing spider (Araneus ventricosus) fiber protein produced by transgenic silkworm (KH29) was analyzed by 13C CP/MAS NMR and compared with that of wild-type silk fiber. The NMR spectrum showed that the secondary structure of KH29 silk were the same as that of wild-type silkworm silk even though spider fiber protein existed in silk. In addition, since the peak signal around 15.7 ppm, indicating the α-helix of Ala Cβ, was not observed in the NMR spectrum of KH29 silk, in KH29 silk may form a β-sheet structure instead of an α-helix structure after spinning process of silkworm. These results indicate that physical properties of silk can be modified by the incorporation of foreign fiber proteins by the use of transgenic silkworm technology.
Efficacy and safety of galantamine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: multicentre randomised controlled trial (2000)

Galantamine is effective and well tolerated in Alzheimer's disease. As galantamine slowed the decline of functional ability as well as cognition, its effects are likely to be clinically relevant.
Amino acid sequence of a 12‐kDa inhibitor of protein kinase C (1990)

The complete primary structure of a bovine-brain-derived inhibitor of protein kinase C has been established. Fragments of the purified protein were obtained by cleavage with cyanogen bromide, Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, trypsin and chymotrypsin. Subsequent analysis of the resulting fragments by fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry and Edman degradation revealed a calculated molecular mass of 11,779 Da with the following 107-amino-acid sequence: [sequence: see text] This inhibitor does not share significant primary structural identity with any other known protein.