gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti‐inflammatory Effects of α‐Tocopherol (2004)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the western world. Its incidence has been increasing lately in the developing countries. Much evidence suggests a major role for inflammation in all phases of atherosclerosis. Cell adhesion molecules, cytokines, chemokines, and monocytes-macrophages as well as T lymphocytes play a pivotal role in atherogenesis. C-reactive protein (CRP), a downstream marker of inflammation, in addition to being a risk marker for CVD, could contribute to atherosclerosis. Dietary micronutrients with anti-inflammatory properties, specially alpha-tocopherol, may play an important role with regard to the prevention and treatment of CVD. alpha-Tocopherol has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo. alpha-Tocopherol therapy, especially at high doses, has been shown to decrease release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and the chemokine interleukin-8, and to decrease adhesion of monocytes to endothelium. In addition, alpha-tocopherol has been shown to decrease CRP levels in patients with CVD and having related risk factors for CVD (such as diabetes and smoking). Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels have also been shown to be decreased with alpha-tocopherol supplementation in vivo. In this review, our focus will be on anti-inflammatory effects of alpha-tocopherol reported in in vivo studies.
Experimental investigation of active vibration control on plate structures using laminated PVDF actuators (2017)

PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) is a new type of piezoelectric macromolecule material, which has been widely used in the region of vibration control in the last few years. A new design method of multi-layer piezoelectric actuator based on PVDF film has been developed recently. In this paper, an active vibration control system using laminated PVDF actuators is presented to test the actual control performance of this actuator. Active control experiments of sinusoidal excitation and multi-frequency excitation vibration of the steel plate are conducted and the results show that the vibration reduction could be 20dB or even more. It could be expected that this technology has broad application prospects in the field of vibration and noise control of underwater systems.
Simultaneous study of cure kinetics and rheology of montmorillonite/vinyl ester resin nanocomposites (2011)

Abstract In this work, the effect of quaternary ammonium salt containing nanoclay content (1–5 wt%) on phase morphology, rheology, cure kinetics, and mechanical properties of the vinyl ester resin (VER)‐based nanocomposites was studied. The morphological characterization including d‐spacing measurement, microscopy observation and phase‐height image processing were performed on the prepared nanocomposites using small angel X‐ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). According to the results obtained from these techniques, it was concluded that an intercalated morphology existed for all the nanocomposites. The kinetic analyses of the isothermal curing followed by storage modulus obtained from the rheometry experiments are shown to be an affective rheological characteristic to investigate the cure behavior of VER/clay nanocomposites. In addition, the most important finding regarding the effect of nanoclay on the cross‐linking behavior of VER systems lays on the chemisorption and physisorption of the reacting monomers and initiator molecules on the nanoclay platelets surface which is found to be responsible for the retardation of the cure reaction caused by organoclay. Eventually, the mechanical characterizations were performed through the tensile, flexural and impact analysis tests. In this case, a considerable improvement of the bulk mechanical responses such as tensile and flexural strengths and also the corresponding moduli were observed for the nanocomposites. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of screen‐printing pastes from TiO<sub>2</sub> powders for dye‐sensitised solar cells (2007)

Abstract A preparation technique of TiO 2 screen‐printing pastes from commercially‐available powders has been disclosed in order to fabricate the nanocrystalline layers without cracking and peeling‐off over 17 µm thickness for the photoactive electrodes of the dye‐sensitised solar cells. A conversion efficiency of 8·7% was obtained by using a single‐layer of a semi‐transparent‐TiO 2 film. A conversion efficiency of 9·2% was obtained by using double‐layers composed of transparent and light‐scattering TiO 2 films for a photon‐trapping system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective area metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy of thick crack-free GaN films on trenched SiC substrates (2001)

Crack-free GaN films up to 11-μm-thick have been grown by using trenched SiC substrates and selective area metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. These crack-free GaN films have hexagonal shapes and are surrounded by trenches. 97% of the hexagonal GaN films with side lengths of 100 μm and thickness of 11 μm was crack-free. The GaN films do not crack because the lateral propagation of cracks stops at the trenches and strain is relaxed in the small-area hexagonal GaN. This strain relaxation is confirmed by micro-Raman scattering measurements and agrees well with theoretical predictions.
Leukocyte Apheresis Using a Centrifugal Cell Separator in Refractory Ulcerative Colitis: A Multicenter Open Label Trial (2002)

Recently, successful results of ulcerative colitis (UC) treatments with leukocyte apheresis have been reported by several institutes. To certify the efficacy of leukocyte apheresis in refractory UC patients, a multicenter open label trial was conducted, and results were analyzed. Fifty patients diagnosed with active steroid-resistant UC were enrolled in this study from 14 medical centers. Using a centrifugal cell separator (Component Collection System, Haemonetics), leukocyte apheresis was performed once a week for 5 weeks. General conditions and abdominal symptoms were recorded daily, and laboratory tests were followed weekly. Changes of colonoscopic and histological manifestations of luminal activity through the study period were evaluated. At the end of the study period, stool frequency was decreased to less than 4 times a day in 68.4% (26 of 38) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was normalized in 56.7% (17 of 30) of the patients. Colonoscopic remission was achieved in 57.7% (26 of 45), and histological improvement was noted in 54.1% (20 of 37) of the patients tested. Improved disease activity was demonstrated in 74% (37 of 50) of the patients by general assessment criteria. Analysis of the trial data confirmed the valid clinical efficacy of leukocyte apheresis by centrifugal cell separator in refractory UC patients.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonlinear Optical Chromophores with Isoquinolines, Thieno[2,3‐c]pyridines and 2‐(2′‐Thienyl)pyridines as Inherently Polarized π‐Electron Bridges (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Extend Cloud to Edge with KubeEdge (2018)

In this paper, we introduce an infrastructure in edge computing environment, KubeEdge, to extend cloud capabilities to the edge. In the new form of cloud architecture, Cloud consists of computing resources both at centralized data centers and at distributed edges. KubeEdge infrastructure connects and coordinates two computing environments for applications leveraging both computing resources to achieve better performance and user experience. Technically, KubeEdge provides the network protocol infrastructure and the same runtime environment on the edge as in the cloud, which allows the seamless communication of applications with components running on edge nodes as well as cloud servers. It also allows the existing cloud services and cloud development model to be adopted at edge. Based on Kubernetes [1], KubeEdge architecture includes a network protocol stack called KubeBus, a distributed metadata store and synchronization service, and a lightweight agent (EdgeCore) for the edge. KubeBus is designed to have its own implementation of OSI network protocol layers, which connects servers at edge and VMs in the cloud as one virtual network. KubeBus provides a unified multitenant communication infrastructure with fault tolerance and high availability. The distributed metadata store and sync service is designed to support the offline scenario when edge nodes are not connected to the cloud. EdgeController component in KubeEdge architecture is a controller plugin for Kubernetes [1] to manage remote edge nodes and cloud VMs as one logical cluster, which enables KubeEdge to schedule, deploy and manage container applications across edge and cloud with the same API.
Improving GAN Training via Binarized Representation Entropy (BRE) Regularization (2018)

We propose a novel regularizer to improve the training of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). The motivation is that when the discriminator D spreads out its model capacity in the right way, the learning signals given to the generator G are more informative and diverse. These in turn help G to explore better and discover the real data manifold while avoiding large unstable jumps due to the erroneous extrapolation made by D. Our regularizer guides the rectifier discriminator D to better allocate its model capacity, by encouraging the binary activation patterns on selected internal layers of D to have a high joint entropy. Experimental results on both synthetic data and real datasets demonstrate improvements in stability and convergence speed of the GAN training, as well as higher sample quality. The approach also leads to higher classification accuracies in semi-supervised learning.
c-di-AMP Is a New Second Messenger in Staphylococcus aureus with a Role in Controlling Cell Size and Envelope Stress (2011)

The cell wall is a vital and multi-functional part of bacterial cells. For Staphylococcus aureus, an important human bacterial pathogen, surface proteins and cell wall polymers are essential for adhesion, colonization and during the infection process. One such cell wall polymer, lipoteichoic acid (LTA), is crucial for normal bacterial growth and cell division. Upon depletion of this polymer bacteria increase in size and a misplacement of division septa and eventual cell lysis is observed. In this work, we describe the isolation and characterization of LTA-deficient S. aureus suppressor strains that regained the ability to grow almost normally in the absence of this cell wall polymer. Using a whole genome sequencing approach, compensatory mutations were identified and revealed that mutations within one gene, gdpP (GGDEF domain protein containing phosphodiesterase), allow both laboratory and clinical isolates of S. aureus to grow without LTA. It was determined that GdpP has phosphodiesterase activity in vitro and uses the cyclic dinucleotide c-di-AMP as a substrate. Furthermore, we show for the first time that c-di-AMP is produced in S. aureus presumably by the S. aureus DacA protein, which has diadenylate cyclase activity. We also demonstrate that GdpP functions in vivo as a c-di-AMP-specific phosphodiesterase, as intracellular c-di-AMP levels increase drastically in gdpP deletion strains and in an LTA-deficient suppressor strain. An increased amount of cross-linked peptidoglycan was observed in the gdpP mutant strain, a cell wall alteration that could help bacteria compensate for the lack of LTA. Lastly, microscopic analysis of wild-type and gdpP mutant strains revealed a 13-22% reduction in the cell size of bacteria with increased c-di-AMP levels. Taken together, these data suggest a function for this novel secondary messenger in controlling cell size of S. aureus and in helping bacteria to cope with extreme membrane and cell wall stress.
Overview of the Recognizing Inference in Text (RITE-2) at NTCIR-10 (2013)

This paper describes an overview of RITE-2 (Recognizing Inference in TExt) task in NTCIR-10. We evaluated systems that automatically recognize semantic relations between sentences such as paraphrase, entailment, contradiction in Japanese, Simplified Chinese and Traditional Chinese. The tasks in RITE-2 are Binary Classification of entailment (BC Subtask), Multi-Class Classification including paraphrase and contradiction (MC Subtask), Entrance Exam Subtasks (Exam BC and Exam Search), Unit Test, and RITE4QA Subtask. We had 28 active participants, and received 215 formal runs (110 Japanese runs, 53 Traditional Chinese runs, 52 Simplified Chinese runs). This paper also describes how the datasets for RITE-2 had been developed, how the systems were evaluated, and reports RITE-2 formal run results.
Plasmacytoma growth factor activity of murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. (1988)

Abstract Mouse plasmacytoma FLOPC21 was adapted to culture in the presence of a mouse Th cell supernatant. A stable factor-dependent cell line was derived from this culture and the factor responsible for its growth was identified as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Reed-Solomon Codes and the Exploration of the Solar System (1994)

The exploration of the solar system by unmanned spacecraft is one of the triumph of the 20th century. The dramatic photographs of Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune transmitted by spacecraft with romantic names like Mariner, Voyager, Viking, etc. over distances of hundreds of millions, even billions, of miles, have made these planets, which were previously known to us only as fuzzy telescopic images in textbooks, as real to us in the 1990's as, say, the Himalayas, the Sahara Desert, or Antarctica.
Increased resistance to plasmic degradation of fibrin with highly crosslinked alpha-polymer chains formed at high factor XIII concentrations (1988)

We have previously demonstrated that increasing factor XIII concentrations above that present in plasma (1 U/mL) results in the formation of very high molecular weight alpha fate polyacrylamide and agarose gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In this report, we have examined the effect of such crosslinking on plasmic susceptibility of fibrin prepared from purified fibrinogen and from plasma in the presence of factor XIII concentrations between 0 and 10 U/mL. The crosslinking achieved with purified fibrinogen at 1 U/mL factor XIII increased resistance to plasmic degradation by 32% as measured in a radiolabeled clot lysis system. However, further increases in plasmic resistance occurred at factor XIII concentrations of 2 and 10 U/mL, the latter decreasing the lysis rate to 45% of that which occurred in the absence of factor XIII. To achieve the same rate of clot lysis with fibrin formed using 10 U/mL rather than 1 U/mL of factor XIII, an increase in plasmin concentration of up to 4.2-fold was required. Similar results were obtained using clots prepared from plasma in the presence of factor XIII concentrations greater than 1 U/mL. Since the alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor content was the same for fibrin at 1 or 10 U/mL factor XIII, the increasing plasmic resistance could not be attributed to increased binding of the inhibitor. We conclude that fibrin prepared in the presence of factor XIII at concentrations exceeding that in plasma shows increased resistance to plasmic degradation, which is likely explained by the formation of very high molecular weight alpha polymer chains.
Políticas públicas en la industria televisiva mexicana:Un análisis desde la perspectiva de género (2006)

Este documento discute por qué resulta importante hacer sentido del binomio género y televisión, y analiza algunos de los marcos (no) regulatorios de tal binomio en países de Europa, Norteamérica y Latinoamérica. Tras plantear un modelo para la discusión de políticas de comunicación social, revisa el estado de la discusión actual en México.
Lues congenita tarda. (1929)

This is a discussion of the principal stigmas of late congenital syphilis and is based on the original observations of Hutchinson and Fournier in this field. About one third of the brochure is devoted to a consideration of the dental changes. An analysis of cases occurring in the author's own experience and a bibliography would have added much to the value of the book.
Pathogenesis of canine parvovirus-2 in dogs: haematology, serology and virus recovery. (1985)

The pathogenesis of canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) was studied in orally inoculated conventional dogs using haematological, serological and virological techniques. Virus was first isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes on day 2 after exposure, tonsil on day 3 and small intestine on day 3. Viraemia occurred subsequently and was present in most dogs on days 4 and 5 after exposure. CPV-2 could be isolated from all tissues during viraemia. Relative pyrexia, lymphopenia and neutropenia occurred on days 5, 6 and 7 after exposure, respectively. Virus excretion in faeces began in most dogs on day 4 and continued despite the appearance of neutralising serum antibody. Specific serum antibody, detected in some dogs as early as day 3 and in all dogs by day 7 after exposure, eliminated viraemia and inhibited virus isolation from tissues in cell culture.
Lack of gene amplification as a mechanism of CDK4 activation in human neuroblastoma. (1999)

Neuroblastoma is the most frequent solid tumor in childhood. We have analysed 48 neuroblastomas of different stages and degrees of cellular differentiation for CDK4 amplification by a fluorescent differential PCR assay. We explored the relative densitometric measure of a 119 bp fragment of the CDK4 gene versus an 82 bp fragment of the IFNG gene. We were not able to detect any case of CDK4 gene amplification in the neuroblastomas. In conclusion, CDK4 activation does not seem to be relevant to the development of neuroblastomas, at least through gene amplification.
Surgery as an adjunct to hormone therapy of breast cancer (1957)

BSERVATIONS indicate that a certain num-0 ber of advarxed primary cancers of the breast becomc localized to an apparently small area d u r i n g hormone therapy.Regressive changes are manilested by decrease in the size of the primary breast cancer, epithelization of ulcers, and dccrease in size or disappearance of skin nodules and enlarged lymph nodes.These primary lesions, because of their extent, were originally deemed unsuitable for control or palliation by surgery.Some of the lesions originally were certainly amenable to palliative control by radiation, but in certain cases the potentialitics of radiation were doubtful.Thereforc, hormonal therapy was attempted, both from the experimental point of view and because of judged inadequacies in orthodox forms of treatment.T h e observations, based on physical examination, that a number of these lesions tended to become localized, led to the postulation that these lcsions might now be eradicated more effectively by surgery, with avoidance of distressing local recurrences.
Using logic for protein structure prediction (1992)

The prediction of protein secondary structure from a primary sequence is one of the most important unsolved problems in molecular biology. This paper shows that the use of a machine learning algorithm (Golem) which allows relational descriptions leads to improved performance. Golem takes, as input, examples and background knowledge described as Prolog facts. It produces, as output, Prolog rules which are a generalisation of the examples. Golem was applied to learning secondary structure prediction rules for alpha domain type proteins (a subset of the Protein Data Bank rich in helical secondary structure and nearly devoid of beta sheet). Golem learned a small set of rules predicting which residues are part of alpha -helices based on their positional relationships and chemical and physical properties. This representations is more easily understood by molecular biologists. Performance of the learned rules was 81% (+/-2%).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Critical Region in the Extension Peptide for the Import of Cytochrome P-450(SCC) Precursor into Mitochondria1 (1989)

In order to establish the role of the extension peptide of the precursor of P-450(SCC), a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, in the import into the organella, three deletion mutants of the precursor, in which the deletions were in the mature portion, were constructed. These mutant precursors were imported into mitochondria in vitro as efficiently as the original precursor, indicating that the extension peptide contains sufficient information for the import of the precursor into mitochondria. To investigate which portion of the extension peptide contains the mitochondrial targeting signal, various lengths of the amino-terminal portion of the extension peptide of P-450(SCC) precursor were fused to the mature portion of adrenodoxin. The fusion proteins consisting of 44 and 19 amino-terminal amino acids and mature adrenodoxin were imported into mitochondria, whereas those containing 14, 7, and 2 amino-terminal amino acid residues were not. The importance of the amino-terminal portion of the extension peptide was confirmed by the deletion from the amino-terminal end of a fusion protein consisting of the amino-terminal 44 amino acid residues of P-450(SCC) precursor and mature adrenodoxin, SCC44RAd. The amino-terminal deletions abolished the import of the fusion proteins into mitochondria. Substitution of all of the three basic amino acids, Arg(4), Arg(9), and Lys(14) in the extension peptide of SCC44RAd to Ser or Thr inhibited the binding of the fusion protein to mitochondria as well as its import.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vismodegib in basal cell carcinoma (2012)

Vismodegib is a novel, small-molecule inhibitor of smoothened, a key component of the hedgehog signaling pathway. Increased hedgehog pathway signaling is critical in the development of hereditary and spontaneous basal cell carcinomas of the skin, and has been implicated in the development of a number of other tumors. In preclinical models, vismodegib demonstrated potent antitumor activity in hedgehog-dependent tumors, particularly basal cell carcinomas. Clinically, phase I and II studies showed dramatic anticancer activity in patients with advanced basal cell carcinomas. In January 2012, vismodegib was approved by the FDA for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic basal cell carcinomas of the skin.
MIC: Enabling Efficient Concurrent Use of Multiple Network Interfaces on Mobile Systems (2016)

Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets are provisioned with multiple network interfaces capable of data connectivity such as the cellular radio, WiFi, bluetooth, and others. However, restrictions from the carrier side allow us to use only one of the interfaces at any given time, and not allow us to fully utilize all the data links in a mobile device's arsenal. We propose MIC, an architecture to enable concurrent, efficient, multi-interface connectivity. MIC begins with the observation that a large fraction of mobile traffic is HTTP [3], [4]. By modifying the HTTP support libraries in the Android Framework, MIC provides the ability to utilize multiple interfaces for the same connection while maintaining the application as well as OS semantics. This allows for users to re-flash the system software on their phones to enable multi-interface connectivity and use it in a seamless manner without changing the apps or need any modifications to the server.