gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Customizing biometric authentication systems via discriminative score calibration (2012)

There is mounting evidence about the benefit of tailoring a biometric authentication system to each user by postprocessing the system output at the score level, also known as client-specific score normalisation. Examples of these procedures are Z-norm and F-norm. These procedures can calibrate the uneven hypothesis space such that the dispropotionate false acceptance and false rejection errors are reduced after the calibration. The interest in studying these schemes is that they are applicable to any biometric authentication system regardless of the underlying biometric modality, and furthermore, potentially be extended to object recognition framed as a verification problem. We propose to further improve these procedures by adding additional client-specific terms that cannot be incorporated easily in their respective existing form. Experiments carried out on 13 face and speech systems show that both variants systematically outperform their respective score normalisation scheme (Z-norm or F-norm).
Symmetric multilevel inverter with reduced components based on non-insulated dc voltage sources (2012)

Multilevel inverters have an important portion in power processing in power systems. These inverters have some inherent advantages such as ability to operate with high power and voltage, improved output waveform quality and flexibility which make them attractive and more popular. This study proposes a new topology based on the non-insulated dc voltage sources for multilevel inverter with reduced number of switching devices. As a result, it reduces control complexity and gate driver circuits. The proposed topology is a general topology which can be easily extended to a desired number of voltage levels. All of the desired output voltage levels (both odd and even) can be achieved using the proposed topology. The validity of the proposed multilevel inverter is verified with both computer simulation and experimental results from a 15-level laboratory prototype.
Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Inhibition of Aluminum in Hydrochloric Acid by Date Palm Leaf Extract (2014)

The corrosion behavior of commercial aluminum in HCl was investigated by gravimetric method in absence and presence of date palm leaf extract (DPLE) as inhibitor. Corrosion rates in absence of extract ranged from 2.4-8.0 mg/cm2/h in the temperature range 20- 50ºC but decreased down to 0.30-2.6 mg/cm2/h in presence of the inhibitor. Hot-water extract of date palm leaves has shown inhibition efficiency (IE) of 40- 88%at the tested conditions. IE was found to increase with increasing inhibitor concentration from 0.2 to 0.6 g/L and decrease as temperature increased. Data showed that Langmuir adsorption isotherm represents surface coverage versus extract concentration data indicating that inhibition is due to monolayer adsorption of extract components on aluminum surface. Low activation energy and enthalpy values support physical adsorption mechanism. SEM-EDS microanalysis of aluminum surface supported the inhibitive effect of the extract at the metal surface.© JASEM
Visible Light from a Silicon<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:math>Junction (1955)

When low-voltage silicon $p\ensuremath{-}n$ junctions are biased in the reverse direction to breakdown, visible light is emitted from the junction region. The effects of surface treatment on the phenomenon are discussed. Two typical light output vs reverse current curves are shown. A typical spectral distribution curve in the 1.8-3.4 ev range is shown. The observations suggest that the light results from a radiative relaxation mechanism involving the high-energy carriers produced in the avalanche breakdown process.
A low power 1 Mbit MRAM based on 1T1MTJ bit cell integrated with copper interconnects (2003)

A low power 1 Mb Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) based on a 1-Transistor and 1-Magnetic Tunnel Junction (1T1MTJ) bit cell is demonstrated. This is the largest MRAM memory demonstration to date. In this circuit, MTJ elements are integrated with CMOS using copper interconnect technology. The copper interconnects are cladded with a high permeability layer which is used to focus magnetic flux generated by current flowing through the lines toward the MTJ devices and reduce the power needed for programming the bits. The 25 mm/sup 2/ 1 Mb MRAM circuit operates with address access times of less than 50 ns, consuming 24 mW at 3.0 V and 20 MHz. The circuit is fabricated in a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS process utilizing five layers of metal and two layers of poly.
Comparison of Chemicon SimulFluor Direct Fluorescent Antibody Staining with Cell Culture and Shell Vial Direct Immunoperoxidase Staining for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus and with Cytospin Direct Immunofluorescence Staining for Detection of Varicella-Zoster Virus (2001)

A new rapid direct immunofluorescence assay, the SimulFluor direct fluorescent-antibody (DFA) assay, which can simultaneously detect herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), was evaluated in comparison with our current standard procedures of (i) shell vial direct immunoperoxidase (shell vial IP) staining and cell culture for detection of HSV and (ii) cytospin DFA staining for VZV detection. A total of 517 vesicular, oral, genital, and skin lesion specimens were tested by all three procedures. For HSV detection, the SimulFluor DFA assay had an overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 80.0, 98.3, 92.3, and 95.1%, respectively, when compared to culture. Shell vial IP staining had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 87.6, 100, 100, and 96.9%, respectively, when compared with cell culture. The SimulFluor DFA assay, however, offers same-day, 1.5-hours results versus a 1- to 2-day wait for shell vial IP staining results and a 1- to 6-day wait for culture results for HSV. For VZV detection SimulFluor DFA staining detected 27 positive specimens as compared to 31 by our standard cytospin DFA technique--a correlation of 87.1%. A positive SimulFluor reaction for VZV is indicated by yellow-gold fluorescence compared to the bright apple-green fluorescence observed by cytospin DFA staining. There is no difference in turnaround time between the two assays. The SimulFluor DFA assay is a rapid immunofluorescence assay that can detect 80% of the HSV-positive specimens and 87% of the VZV-positive specimens with a 1.5-h turnaround time.
Novel Thiazolidinedione Derivatives with Retinoid Synergistic Activity. (1998)

Several arylmethylidene thiazolidinediones were synthesized and their retinoidal activities were examined. TZ181 (7a), having a benzanilide skeleton, exhibited differentiation-inducing activity in HL-60 cell assay, while TZ191 (7b), the N-methylated analog of TZ181 (7a), TZ245 (9) and TZ335 (10) acted as retinoid synergists like the RXR-selective ligand, LGD1069 (5).
Variation in Habitat Quality for Drift‐Feeding Atlantic Salmon and Brown Trout in Relation to Local Water Velocity and River Discharge (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Summary Introduction Defining local habitat quality Variation in patch quality as a function of typical salmon and trout station-holding modes Predicting change in patch energy value with discharge Other considerations Synthesis and discussion Acknowledgements References
Surface Studies of Potentially Oxidation Protective Si−B−N−C Films for Carbon Fibers (1997)

The paper reports a study of CVD deposited thin films (1−5 μm) of an Si−B−N−C ceramic polymer coating onto a tow of carbon fibers. The coating process was developed with the goal of good adhesion and good oxidation protection for the fibers when exposed to a reactive oxygen environment. Core and valence band photoemission was used to monitor the surface chemistry of the films. An ab initio calculation of a ceramic fragment indicated that the valence band spectra was consistent with a surface mixture of ceramic Si−B−N−C and SiO2. To prevent cracking of the coating on the fibers, it was necessary to electrochemically oxidize the carbon fibers before applying the CVD deposited ceramic film. Upon exposure to reactive oxygen, the coating rapidly formed an oxide scale, which may offer a very stable diffusion barrier to further oxidation. Thermogravimetric analysis suggests that the coating retarded gasification of the fiber up to high temperatures, with a weight loss of less than 25% when compared to an unprotected fiber which was completely gasified at 950 °C. Most of the weight loss was probably due to oxidation down the unprotected fiber ends rather than oxidation of the protected fiber. We believe that this ceramic has considerable potential as an oxidation barrier for carbon fibers.
New Aluminum Alloys for Cylinder Liner Applications (2006)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A well-established cylinder bore liner material for aluminum engine blocks is Silitec™ (Dispal S260). This spray-compacted, hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy is cast into aluminum cylinder blocks using the high pressure die casting (HPDC) process. Silitec™ is well suited to the HPDC process because the thermal energy of the molten aluminum is removed rapidly through the metal die.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Other casting processes such as sand, semi-permanent mold and low pressure die casting have longer solidification times, resulting in additional thermal energy being transferred to the aluminum liners. This additional energy may result in localized melting and deformation of the liner. Thus, in order to use aluminum cylinder liners in casting processes other than HPDC, it becomes necessary to develop alloys that are more resistant to residual heat in the casting process.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In addition to thermal improvement for manufacturability, engine manufacturers also need increased mechanical properties to withstand the increasing combustion pressures of newer engine designs. These higher engine pressures increase the stress on the liner, requiring alloys with higher strength and stiffness.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper will describe recent work at PEAK Werkstoff GmbH in Velbert, Germany, to develop new aluminum alloys to meet the needs of different casting processes and higher engine output. Included will be properties of the newly-developed Dispal alloys and recommendations for their application.</div>
Study of Pattern of Poisoning in a Tertiary Care Hospital (2014)

Poisoning is one of the causes for morbidity and mortality in developing countries and methods of poisoning varies from one place to other. Hence to know the pattern of poisoning, a retrospective study of 150 cases was done at a Navodaya Medical college Hospital, Raichur (Karnataka) between Jan-June 2013. During this period 150 cases of poisoning cases were studied. These poisoning cases were studied to know the age and sex distribution of the victims, commonest type of poisons used and manner of poisoning. In this study, majority 106 (71%) of the cases were due to organophosphorus compound, followed by snake bite 14 (9%), aluminium phosphide 11 (8%) and others respectively.
Memory Footprint Reduction for FPGA Routing Algorithms (2007)

In this paper, we present a technique to reduce the run-time memory footprint of FPGA routing algorithms. These algorithms require a representation of the physical routing resources and programmable connections on the device; this representation dominates the storage requirements of FPGA routers. We show that by taking advantage of the tile-based nature of FPGAs, we can reduce the amount of information that must be explicitly represented, leading to significant memory savings. To make our proposal concrete, we applied it to the routing algorithm in VPR and quantified the impact on run-time memory footprint, and place and route compile-time. We found that a memory reduction of 5X to 13X could be achieved at a routing runtime penalty of 2.26X and an overall place-and-route runtime penalty of 1.28X.
A high DC-gain folded-cascode CMOS operational amplifier (2002)

The architecture of folded-cascode op-amp is commonly used in many analog applications. The cascode arrangement has high open-loop voltage gain in the low frequency range that make it easy to be designed as a high-speed operational amplifier. In this paper, we present the design of a fully differential folded-cascode operational amplifier that improves the limitation on the swing of the output signal of a common cascode architecture. The DC open-loop gain of the circuit is 4.7 K.
Ocular Surface Stem Cells and Disease: Current Concepts and Clinical Applications (2004)

Corneal and conjunctival epithelial stem cells are responsible for the homeostasis and regeneration of the ocular surface epithelium. Corneal epithelial stem cells reside in the basal region of the limbus, while the conjunctival forniceal region appears to be the site that is enriched in conjunctival stem cells. Ocular surface disease arising from limbal stem cell deficiency is characterised by persistent epithelial defects, corneal vascularisation, chronic inflammation, scarring and conjunctivalisation, resulting in visual loss. Limbal stem cell transplantation replaces the corneal stem cell population in these eyes with the hope of restoring vision. More recently, the use of bioengineered ocular surface tissue-equivalents has had promising results, and may represent the future for replacement and regeneration of ocular tissues in various ocular disorders.
The American Society of Hematology Clinical Research Training Institute is associated with high retention in academic hematology (2016)

Training programs to develop clinician scientists with a focus on patient-oriented research are important to ensure that research findings affect patient outcomes in a positive and meaningful manner.[1][1],[2][2] Traditionally, hematology training programs focused on basic and translational sciences
A continuum manipulator made of interlocking fibers (2013)

A new type of continuum manipulator is presented, in which the body of the device is made up of identical, repeated interlocking fibers. A working prototype is demonstrated. Basic models describing the kinematics and mechanical properties of the device are developed, and their predictions are compared with the performance of the physical prototype. Advantages of the interlocking design include improved strength due to better load distribution, controllable stiffness, and a large open lumen.
Particle Size of Periodontal Bone Grafting Materials (1984)

Samples of autogenous bone obtained by high speed burs, low speed burs, hand chisels and bone blending; freeze-dried bone purchased from a tissue bank and alloplastic materials, such as Calcitite, Durapatite, Periograf and Synthograft used as donor material for periodontal bone grafting procedures, were evaluated histometrically. Particle sizes ranged from a mean of 210 X 105 mu for bone blend to 1559 X 783 mu for hand-chisel samples. Except for those two materials, all of the others were in the 300 to 500 microns (0.3-0.5 mm) range that seems to be preferred for use in periodontal defects.
Dingle temperatures for a two-band model: Application to the two-dimensional electron gas on silicon (111) (2007)

For zero temperature, we present theoretical results for the Dingle temperatures of a two-dimensional electron gas with two occupied bands. For impurity scattering, we apply their calculation to a two-band model for valley degeneracy gv=2 and gv=4 proposed recently for silicon (111). Taking into account the density of states and screening effects of the two electron gases, we predict huge differences for the Dingle temperature of the two bands and a strong density dependence for the Dingle temperature of the first band due to screening by the second band. The mobility of the two-band model shows a strong density dependence.
Protease-Activated Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for pH Mapping of Malignant Tumors (2015)

A protease-activated ratiometric fluorescent probe based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer between a pH-sensitive fluorescent dye and biocompatible Fe3O4 nanocrystals was constructed. A peptide substrate of MMP-9 served as a linker between the particle quencher and the chromophore that was covalently attached to the antitumor antibody. The optical response of the probe to activated MMP-9 and gastric cell line SGC7901 tumor cells was investigated, followed by in vivo tumor imaging. Based on the ratiometric pH response to the tumor microenvironment, the resulting probe was successfully used to image the pH of subcutaneous tumor xenografts.
[Hydroxyethyl starch--an interim report]. (1998)

Since the beginning of this century, a few biopolymers have been used as basic materials for volume substitution. Aside from gelatin and dextran, modified starch (hydroxyethyl starch, HES) is currently the first-choice means. Due to special manufacturing processes, different hydroxyethyl starches are now available. They have several different characteristics and produce different clinical effects. These clinical properties depend on the average molecular weight and the distribution of molecular weight as well as on the degree and pattern of substitution. The duration of volume effect, one of the most important parameters for the effectiveness of a volume substitute, depends to a large degree on the substitution. Elimination of HES from serum is delayed by a high degree of substitution and a high C2/C6 ratio of the substitution pattern. The molecular parameters of HES also influence other effects, such as cumulation in various organs and hemostasis. Critical reading of current HES literature shows that many questions still have to be answered. At the same time ways and means of optimizing differential volume substitution therapy and hemodilution therapy are emerging.
Isolation and Properties of a Thrombin-sensitive Protein from Human Blood Platelets (1971)

A thrombin-sensitive protein has been isolated from human blood platelets by gel electrophoresis followed by filtration through Sephadex.The isolated protein was homogeneous on disc gel and behaved like a P-globulin.In immunoelectrophoresis, a single precipitin line was observed with antiplatelet serum or anti-fibrin-stabilizing factor serum.The precipitin line as well as the protein band on disc gel could not be detected when the protein was treated with thrombin.This protein, denoted platelet fibrin-stabilizing factor, has factor XIII activity which became more and more stable with further purification.Immunodifksion studies showed platelet fibrin-stabilizing factor to be only partially identical with plasma fibrin-stabilizing factor.The molecular weight of platelet fibrin-stabilizing factor as determined by gel IYtration through previously calibrated columns of Sephadex was between 110,000 and 150,000 compared to a value of 160,000 to 350,000 for plasma fibrin-stabilizing factor.It has been concluded that platelet fibrin-stabilizing factor is a smaller and di#erent molecule from plasma fibrin-stabilizing factor.
How To Stop taking Tranquillisers Tyrer P How To Stop taking Tranquillisers Sheldon Press 96pp £2.50 0-255-36250-1 (1987)

Stress in modern life has led to an increase in drug use - alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, tranquillisers hard drugs - by those who find they help them to survive. No drug can remove 'life problems', though some used sensibly can help a person to cope. Others get caught in a drug taking cycle which is dangerous to health and often increases personal problems.
Fostering multiple healthy lifestyle behaviors for primary prevention of cancer. (2015)

The odds of developing cancer are increased by specific lifestyle behaviors (tobacco use, excess energy and alcohol intakes, low fruit and vegetable intake, physical inactivity, risky sexual behaviors, and inadequate sun protection) that are established risk factors for developing cancer. These behaviors are largely absent in childhood, emerge and tend to cluster over the life span, and show an increased prevalence among those disadvantaged by low education, low income, or minority status. Even though these risk behaviors are modifiable, few are diminishing in the population over time. We review the prevalence and population distribution of these behaviors and apply an ecological model to describe effective or promising healthy lifestyle interventions targeted to the individual, the sociocultural context, or environmental and policy influences. We suggest that implementing multiple health behavior change interventions across these levels could substantially reduce the prevalence of cancer and the burden it places on the public and the health care system. We note important still-unresolved questions about which behaviors can be intervened upon simultaneously in order to maximize positive behavioral synergies, minimize negative ones, and effectively engage underserved populations. We conclude that interprofessional collaboration is needed to appropriately determine and convey the value of primary prevention of cancer and other chronic diseases.
Mining e-mail content for author identification forensics (2001)

We describe an investigation into e-mail content mining for author identification, or authorship attribution, for the purpose of forensic investigation. We focus our discussion on the ability to discriminate between authors for the case of both aggregated e-mail topics as well as across different e-mail topics. An extended set of e-mail document features including structural characteristics and linguistic patterns were derived and, together with a Support Vector Machine learning algorithm, were used for mining the e-mail content. Experiments using a number of e-mail documents generated by different authors on a set of topics gave promising results for both aggregated and multi-topic author categorisation.
On the capacity of multiuser wireless channels with multiple antennas (2003)

The advantages of multiuser communication, where many users are allowed to simultaneously transmit or receive in a common bandwidth, are considered for multiple-antenna systems in a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. Assuming channel state information at receiver (CSIR) to be available, the ergodic capacity is characterized for both unbiased and biased channels, and the quantitative capacity gain of a multiple-antenna multiuser system is analyzed for multiple-access channels. For highly biased (correlated) channels, a multiuser system is shown to be inherently superior to a single-user system (a time- or frequency-division multiple-access (TDMA or FDMA) based system) due to the underlying multiuser diversity, and the sum capacity is shown to scale linearly with the number of antennas. For unbiased channels, the characteristics of ergodic capacity are shown to transfer to outage capacity when a large degree of space diversity exists, and to deterministic capacity when the number of receive antennas is large. Also, a brief discussion on the multiuser multiple-antenna communication in broadcast channel is provided.
Adjunctive thrombolytic therapy during angioplasty for ischemic rest angina. Results of the TAUSA Trial. TAUSA Investigators. Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Unstable Angina trial. (1994)

Adjunctive urokinase given prophylactically during angioplasty for ischemic rest angina as administered in this trial is associated with adverse angiographic and clinical events. These detrimental effects may be related to hemorrhagic dissection, lack of intimal sealing, or procoagulant or platelet-activating effects of urokinase.