gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carrier Polymers for Cisplatin-type Anticancer Drug Models (1996)

Following a brief discussion of the concept of polymer–drug conjugation and the use of platinum drugs in cancer therapy, the paper presents recent results in the synthesis of water-soluble polymeric carriers designed for the binding of antineoplastic coordination compounds of the cisplatin type. The target polymers, specifically, are linear aliphatic polyamides comprising the ethylenediamine ligand system in the main chain as the potential metal binding site. With solubility in aqueous media a key requirement for intravenously injectable conjugates, the polymers also contain hydrosolubilizing oligo(ethylene oxide) units in the chain, which serve the additional purpose of imparting resistance to serum protein binding and capture by the reticuloendothelial system. The synthesis methods include interfacial polymerization, high-temperature solution polycondensation in polyphosphoric acid and Michael addition polymerization, with 1,2-bis(2-aminoethylamino)ethane and 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane used as the amine comonomers providing the ethylenediamine ligand segment. The target polymers, crudely fractionated by dialysis in 25,000 molecular-mass cult-off tubing, are isolated by freeze-drying as water-soluble solids possessing inherent viscosities of 10–20 ml/g. A selected carrier polymer is converted to the corresponding water-soluble cis-diaminedichloroplatinum(II) conjugate by treatment with tetrachloroplatinate(II) anion in aqueous solution.
Combined analysis of <i>TERT</i> , <i>EGFR</i> , and <i>IDH</i> status defines distinct prognostic glioblastoma classes (2014)

The analysis of TERTp-mut, in combination with EGFR amplification and IDH mutation status, refines the prognostic classification of GBMs.
Admission control based on end-to-end measurements (2002)

This paper proposes a controlled load service that provides a network state with bounded and well known worst-case behavior. The service is primarily developed for real time applications. The full system for achieving quality of service to the application consists of an admission control combined with forward-error correction. The admission control is used to limit the packet-loss probability to a known value; the error-control coding (i.e., FEC) is then used to raise the quality above the level enforced by the admission control. The basic idea for the admission control is that a host must probe the path to the receiver before sending actual data. It accepts the session if the probe is received with no or at most a moderate amount of loss. The performance evaluation shows clearly that the proposed scheme avoids network congestion and high packet losses even over short time scales.
The Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals (2000)

▪ Abstract We review the rapid progress made in our understanding of the crystal properties of semiconductors and nanocrystals focussing on theoretical results obtained within the multiband effective mass approximation. A comparison with experiment shows these results are valid for nanocrystals down 22–26 Å in diameter. The effect of the electron-hole Coulomb interaction on the optical spectra is analyzed. A theory of the quantum–size levels in wide gap (CdSe) and narrow gap semiconductors (InAs) is presented that describes the absorption spectra of these semiconductors well. A great enhancement of the electron-hole exchange interaction leads to the formation of the optically forbidden Dark Exciton in nanocrystals, which strongly affects their photoluminescence. A theory of the band-edge exciton fine structure is presented and applied to the study of the PL in CdSe nanocrystals. The effect of doping on nanocrystal spectra is considered. The enhancement of the short–range spin-spin interaction in Mn-doped nanocrystals leads to a giant splitting of the electron and hole spin sublevels.
Three-phase self-excited induction generator driven by variable-speed prime mover for clean renewable energy utilizations and its terminal voltage regulation characteristics by static VAr compensator (2004)

In this paper, the practical impedance approach steady-state analysis in the frequency domain of the three-phase self-excited induction generator (SEIG) with squirrel cage rotor is presented along with its operating performance evaluations. The three-phase SEIG is driven by a variable-speed prime mover (VSPM) such as a wind turbine for the clean alternative renewable energy in rural areas. The basic steady-state characteristics of the VSPM are considered in the three-phase SEIG approximate electro-mechanical equivalent circuit and the operating performances of the three-phase SEIG coupled by a VSPM in the steady-state analysis are evaluated and discussed on line under the conditions related to the speed changes of the prime mover and the electrical inductive load power variations with simple computation processing procedures. A three-phase SEIG prototype setup with a VSPM is implemented for the small-scale clean renewable and alternative energy utilizations. The experimental performance results give good agreements with those ones obtained from the simulation results. Furthermore, a PI controlled feedback closed-loop voltage regulation of the three-phase SEIG driven by the VSPM on the basis of the static VAr compensator (SVC) composed of the thyristor phase controlled reactor (TCR) in parallel with the thyristor switched capacitor (TSC) and the fixed excitation capacitor bank (FC) is designed and considered for the wind generation as a renewable power conditioner. The simulation analysis and experimental results obtained from the three-phase SEIG with SVC for its voltage regulation prove the practical effectiveness of the additional SVC with the PI controller-based feedback loop in the steady-state operations in terms of the fast response and the high performances.
Antibodies against p40<sup>tax</sup> Gene Product of Human T‐Lymphotropic Virus Type‐I (HTLV‐I) under Various Conditions of HTLV‐I Infection (1989)

We investigated antibodies against pX gene product, p40 mx , by ELISA using recombinant p40 tax protein in HTLV‐I seropositive carriers as well as patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV‐I‐associated myelopathy (HAM). Seventy (49.0%) out of 143 HTLV‐I healthy carriers were found to be positive for antibody against p40 tax antigen and the follow‐up samples at two‐year intervals revealed constant reactivity by ELISA in each carrier. The onset of antibody production was delayed 4 to 12 weeks as compared with anti‐HTLV‐I in primary infection cases. The anti‐p40 tax ‐positive rate (90%) in HAM patients was significantly higher than that of healthy carriers, acute and chronic ATL patients and their family members. Furthermore, HAM patients and a few healthy carriers showed high reactivities by ELISA. Children from mothers with anti‐p40 tax showed a higher anti‐HTLV‐I‐positive rate than that of children from mothers without anti‐p40 tax (54.5% versus 12.5%). Two men without anti‐p40 tax and one female with low anti‐p40 tax developed ATL during follow‐up studies. These results suggest that HTLV‐I carriers could be divided into 2 or 3 sub‐populations according to antibody response to p40 tax . A smaller population with anti‐p40 tax , especially a high antibody reactivity, could have a high risk of developing HAM and of transmission from mother to child. In addition, ATL may occur in a population with low or absent anti‐p40 tax .
The Effect of Beam Angle in Abrasive-Waterjet Machining (1993)

In the machining of materials, abrasive-waterjets are typically applied at a 90 deg. angle to the surface of the workpiece. This paper presents results and observations on machining with abrasive-waterjets at angles other than 90 deg. Previous visualization studies of the cutting process in transparent materials have shown that there are optimal angles for maximum depth of cut and kerf depth uniformity. Here, observations on the effect of angle in machining applications such as turning, milling, linear cutting, and drilling are addressed. The effects of variations in both the impact angle and the rake angle are investigated. Results indicate that the volume removal rate is significantly affected by these angles and that the surface finish can be improved by angling the jet. However, shallow angle drilling of small holes in laminated or ceramic-coated materials requires further investigation.
On the Mechanism of Low-Temperature Oxidation (23°–450°C) of Polycrystalline Nickel (1972)

The oxidation of "clean" nickel has been investigated from 24° to 450°C at oxygen pressures of . Ultra‐high vacuum techniques made it possible to start oxidation on specimens free of oxide and surface impurities such as C, Si, and S. Oxygen uptake was measured manometrically with a capacitance gauge of submonolayer sensitivity. Initial rapid oxygen adsorption (and place exchange) on nickel was followed by slower oxidation obeying a logarithmic rate law over the thickness range 8–30Aå. Growth of thicker films was in accord with a parabolic rate law, transport through the oxide occurring predominantly via easy diffusion paths. The value of 41 kcal·mole−1 calculated from an Arrhenius plot of the parabolic rate constants from 300° to 450°C is an approximate measure of the activation energy for growth via leakage paths. A p1/6 dependence of the parabolic growth rate on oxygen pressure was found at 450°C.
Heterosupramolecular Chemistry: Synthetic strategies for the covalent and noncovalent assembly and organization of nanocrystals and molecules (1998)

Abstract Described are the preparation of nanocrystals and the synthesis of molecules that may be covalently or noncovalently assembled in solution to yield heterosupermolecules possessing a well‐defined heterosupramolecular function. Also described are preparative and synthetic methods that yield organized assemblies of heterosupermolecules possessing an addressable heterosupramolecular function. Finally, the development of these synthetic strategies to permit the covalent and noncovalent assembly and organization of a wide range of condensed phase and molecular components is outlined.
Non-A, Non-B Epidemic Hepatitis: Visualization of Virus-like Particles in the Stool by Immune Electron Microscopy (1984)

SUMMARY Acute-phase stool samples collected from hepatitis cases during outbreaks of water-borne epidemic hepatitis were examined by immune electron microscopy (IEM). Spherical virus-like particles (27nm in diameter) were visualized in the stool of a hepatitis patient with serological evidence of non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis. The IEM demonstrated serological specificity of the antigen with the patient’s own convalescent serum as well as a known pool of NANB hepatitis convalescent sera. It is suggested that these virus-like particles may be the aetiological agent of faeco-orally transmitted NANB epidemic hepatitis in India.
Switching at small magnetic fields in Josephson junctions fabricated with ferromagnetic barrier layers (2014)

Nb-based Josephson junctions have been fabricated, which can select one of two states depending on the relative magnetization of their ferromagnetic barrier layers. To minimize the free-layer switching energy, while maintaining adequate thermal stability at 4.2 K, a dilute Cu-permalloy alloy [Cu0.7(Ni80Fe20)0.3] with a low magnetic saturation (Ms ∼ 80 emu/cm3) is used. The optimal thickness of the permalloy (Ni80Fe20) fixed-layer is shown to be 2.4 nm. Such devices exhibit switching at magnetic fields as low as 5 Oe, demonstrating their potential use in low power non-volatile memory for superconductor digital circuits.
PTF: Passive Temporal Fingerprinting (2011)

We describe in this paper a tool named PTF (Passive and Temporal Fingerprinting) for fingerprinting network devices. The objective of device fingerprinting is to uniquely identify device types by looking at captured traffic from devices implementing that protocol. The main novelty of our approach consists in leveraging both temporal and behavioral features for this purpose. The key contribution is a fingerprinting scheme, where individual fingerprints are represented by tree-based temporal finite state machines. We have developed a fingerprinting scheme that leverages supervised learning approaches based on support vector machines for this purpose.
Three-dimensional static displacement, stimulated echo NMR elasticity imaging (2000)

This article presents a method for measuring three-dimensional mechanical displacement and strain fields using stimulated echo MRI. Additional gradient pulses encode internal displacements in response to an externally applied deformation. By limiting the mechanical transition to the stimulated echo mixing time, a more accurate static displacement measurement is obtained. A three-dimensional elasticity reconstruction within a region of interest having a uniform shear modulus along its boundary is performed by numerically solving discretized elasticity equilibrium equations. Data acquisition, strain measurements and reconstruction were performed using a silicone gel phantom containing an inclusion of known elastic properties. A comparison between two-dimensional and three-dimensional reconstructions from simulated and experimental displacement data shows higher accuracy from the three-dimensional reconstruction. The long-term objective of this work is to provide a method for remotely palpating and elastically quantitating manually inaccessible tissues.
UbiLoc : A System for Locating Mobile Devices using Mobile Devices (2004)

Abstract- Considering the current trends of the development of mobile devices (e.g. mobile phones or embedded hardware) we note that these devices become smaller but provide more functions. Today, it is not unusual to combine a GPS controller with laptops or personal digital assistants. Even mobile phones with integrated GPS chips are available. Therefore, we can use the exact coordinates of mobile devices in order to realize novel applications. In this paper we present a system that is able to localize mobile devices from other mobile devices as well as from a standard desktop computer. 1 Introduction and
Application of a ω-3 Desaturase with an Arachidonic Acid Preference to Eicosapentaenoic Acid Production in Mortierella alpina (2018)

In the industrial oleaginous fungus <i>Mortierella alpin</i>a, the arachidonic acid (AA; C20:4; ω-6) fraction can reach 50% of the total fatty acids (TFAs) <i>in vivo</i>. However, the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20:5; ω-3) fraction is less than 3% when this fungus is cultivated at a low temperature (12°C). Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase is a key enzyme in ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis pathways. To enhance EPA production, we transformed the ω-3 fatty acid desaturase (PaD17), which exhibits strong Δ-17 desaturase activity, into <i>M. alpina</i>, thus increasing the AA to EPA conversion rate to 49.8%. This PaD17-harboring <i>M. alpina</i> reconstruction strain produced 617 mg L<sup>-1</sup> of EPA at room temperature in broth medium, this yield was increased to 1.73 g L<sup>-1</sup> after culture medium optimization (i.e., about threefold higher than that under original culture conditions), with concomitant respective increases in dry cell weight and TFA content to 16.55 and 6.46 g L<sup>-1</sup>. These findings suggest a new platform for the future industrial production of EPA.
City of light: the story of fiber optics (2000)

"City of Light tells the story of fiber optics, tracing its transformation from 19th-century parlor trick into the foundation of our global communications network. Written for a broad audience by a journalist who has covered the field for twenty years, the books is a lively account of both the people and the ideas behind this revolutionary technology."--BOOK JACKET.
BOLD contrast sensitivity enhancement and artifact reduction with multiecho EPI: Parallel‐acquired inhomogeneity‐desensitized fMRI (2006)

Functional MRI (fMRI) generally employs gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (GE-EPI) to measure blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes that result from changes in tissue relaxation time T(*) (2) between activation and rest. Since T(*) (2) strongly varies across the brain and BOLD contrast is maximal only where the echo time (TE) equals the local T(*) (2), imaging at a single TE is a compromise in terms of overall sensitivity. Furthermore, the long echo train makes EPI very sensitive to main field inhomogeneities, causing strong image distortion. A method is presented that uses accelerated parallel imaging to reduce image artifacts and acquire images at multiple TEs following a single excitation, with no need to increase TR. Sensitivity gains from the broadened T(*) (2) coverage are optimized by pixelwise weighted echo summation based on local T(*) (2) or contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) measurements. The method was evaluated using an approach that allows differential BOLD CNR to be calculated without stimulation, as well as with a Stroop experiment. Results obtained at 3 T showed that BOLD sensitivity improved by 11% or more in all brain regions, with larger gains in areas typically affected by strong susceptibility artifacts. The use of parallel imaging markedly reduces image distortion, and hence the method should find widespread application in functional brain imaging.
El Espacio de Libertad, Seguridad y Justicia y la próxima Presidencia española de 2010. Parte 1ª: la implementación del Tratado de Lisboa y el Programa de Estocolmo (2009)

Una vez superado el tortuoso camino hacia la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Lisboa, comienza una nueva etapa para la UE y en especial para el Espacio de Libertad, Seguridad y Justicia.\n\nCon la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Lisboa, el Trío de Presidencias (España, Bélgica y Hungría), y especialmente la Presidencia española, se encuentra ante la gran responsabilidad de poner en marcha las innovaciones institucionales que este último incorpora y se abren, así, una serie de oportunidades para avanzar en el Espacio de Libertad, Seguridad y Justicia. Junto con el Tratado, uno de los grandes acontecimientos que marcarán el desarrollo de estos temas durante los próximos años será el Programa de Estocolmo.
On the measurement of frequency and of its sample variance with high-resolution counters (2005)

A frequency counter measures the input frequency ν¯ averaged over a suitable time τ, versus the reference clock. High resolution is achieved by interpolating the clock signal. Further increased resolution is obtained by averaging multiple frequency measurements highly overlapped. In the presence of additive white noise or white phase noise, the square uncertainty improves from σν2∝1∕τ2 to σν2∝1∕τ3. Surprisingly, when a file of contiguous data is fed into the formula of the two-sample (Allan) variance σy2(τ)=E{12(y¯k+1−y¯k)2} of the fractional frequency fluctuation y, the result is the modified Allan variance mod σy2(τ). But if a sufficient number of contiguous measures are averaged in order to get a longer τ and the data are fed into the same formula, the results is the (nonmodified) Allan variance. Of course interpretation mistakes are around the corner if the counter internal process is not well understood. The typical domain of interest is the the short-term stability measurement of oscillators.
Clinical Use of the Optical Digitizer for Intracranial Neuronavigation (1999)

The optical digitizer is an accurate frameless device that offers clinical benefits. These include precise surgical resection, decreased hospitalization time, and accurate tissue diagnosis.
Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Poly(lactic) Acid/Cellulose and LDPE/Cellulose Composites (1970)

In our work we studied composites of poly(lactic) acid (PLA) and low density polyethylene filled with cellulose fibres. The studied composite materials were manufactured with a twin-screw extruder. The extruded compound was processed in to samples using compression moulding. The content of cellulose in polymer/cellulose composites was varied. Effect of low amounts of cellulose on the rheological and tensile properties was studied. Tensile tests showed that the incorporation of cellulose into PLA matrix lead to stiffer but slightly more brittle and weaker materials, since Young's modulus increases and tensile strength and elongation at break slightly decrease. Mechanical results are in agreement with rheological behaviour: the composites exhibit the improvement in the storage and loss moduli of composites compared with that of matrix polymers. The composite dynamic viscosity increases with cellulose content in the same manner as loss and storage moduli. The processing and material properties of PLA/cellulose composites were compared to the more commonly used low-density-polyethylene/cellulose composites.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.17.1.245
Microcracking Behaviour and Mechanism in Multipass Weld Metal of Alloy 690 (2010)

Microcracking behaviours in the multipass welds of alloy 690 were investigated. The effect of impurity elements such as P and S on ductility-dip cracking susceptibility in the reheated weld metal was evaluated by the spot-Varestraint test using different filler metals varying the contents of P and S. The ductility-dip cracking susceptibility was reduced with a decrease in the content of impurity elements in the filler metal, and the amount of (P+1.2S) in the weld metal should be limited to 30ppm in order to prevent the microcracking in the multipass weld metal. Numerical calculation of microsegregation and molecular orbital analysis have suggested that ductility-dip cracking was attributed to the grain boundary embrittlement due to the grain boundary segregation of P and S. FEM analysis of thermal strain predicted that ductility-dip cracks would occur during multipass welding when the plastic strain-temperature curve intersected the ductility-dip temperature range (DTR). The effect of the addition of rare earth metals (REM) to the weld metal on the microcracking susceptibility was examined by using the La or Ce containing filler metals. The ductility-dip cracking susceptibility could be significantly improved by adding 0.01-0.025mass%REM to the weld metal. Microstructural analyses revealed that the ductility-dip cracking susceptibility decreased as a result of lowering the grain boundary segregation P and S due to the scavenging effect of REM. The multipass welding test confirmed that microcracks in the multipass welds of alloy 690 were completely prevented by using the filler metals containing approx. 0.03mass%REM.
Trap Effect of Three‐Dimensional Fibers Network for High Efficient Cancer‐Cell Capture (2015)

Cells are trapped: The 3D fibrous interfaces, including microfibers, nanofibers, and nanofibers/microbeads composite interfaces, are fabricated by electrospinning. After coated with anti-EpCAM, these 3D fibrous interfaces allow cancer cells to be firmly trapped into the networks that show the outstanding capability for cancer cell capture from real blood.