gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extramedullary versus intramedullary alignment guides in total knee arthroplasty. (1995)

Use of extramedullary and intramedullary guides to prepare the tibia was studied comparatively in 100 consecutive primary total knee arthroplasties done by a single surgeon. Each type of guide was used in 50 consecutive cases, for a total of 100 cases. In all cases, an intramedullary guide was used to prepare the distal femur. Long (hip to ankle) anteroposterior radiographs were taken postoperatively to measure the mechanical angle, tibial component angle, femoral component angle, physiologic valgus angle, and tibiofemoral angle. No significant differences between the extramedullary and intramedullary groups were found; each system allowed satisfactory alignment. It is important for the surgeon to appreciate the benefits and deficiencies of each guide and to use whichever is suited most properly in each particular case.
三种表现形式:Play-Ins、ActiveX及Java (1996)

我们可以与乏味的静态Web页面再见了,因为Web已具备了交互性。充满活动信息的Web世界已经到来。虽然Netscape在提供交互性方面早期具有领先地位——它拥有Navigator Plav-In结构并支持Sun的Java——但Microsoft已迎头赶上,在交互Web上也占有了一席之地。 我们评述的Navigator插件能显示MIME(multipurpose Internet mail
Translational enhancement of H-ferritin mRNA by interleukin-1β acts through 5′ leader sequences distinct from the iron responsive element (1994)

Interleukin-1 beta (Il-1 beta), a key cytokine in the acute phase response, elevates hepatic expression of both the heavy (H) and light (L) ferritin subunits without influencing the steady-state levels of either ferritin transcript. Transfection experiments with human hepatoma cells reveal that sequences within the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of H-ferritin mRNA confer translational regulation to chimaeric chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) mRNAs in response to Il-1 beta in the absence of marked changes in CAT mRNA levels. Il-1 beta dependent translational enhancement is mediated by a distinct G + C rich RNA sequence within 70 nucleotides (nt) of the start codon. The upstream Iron Responsive Element RNA stemloop does not confer increased expression to CAT mRNA in Il-1 beta stimulated hepatoma transfectants. A 38 nucleotide consensus sequence within the 5'UTRs of the mRNAs encoding the hepatic acute phase proteins alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and haptoglobin (Dente et al., 1985) is similar to sequences in the G + C rich H-ferritin mRNA translational regulatory element. Deletion of three nucleotides from this region of the 61 nt G + C rich element in the H-ferritin mRNA 5' leader eliminates Il-1 beta translational enhancement of the CAT reporter transcripts.
Text segmentation using reiteration and collocation (1998)

A method is presented for segmenting text into subtopic areas. The proportion of related pairwise words is calculated between adjacent windows of text to determine their lexical similarity. The lexical cohesion relations of reiteration and collocation are used to identify related words. These relations are automatically located using a combination of three linguistic features: word repetition, collocation and relation weights. This method is shown to successfully detect known subject changes in text and corresponds well to the segmentations placed by test subjects.
FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFT-IR SPECTROSCOPYDeborah NobleCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 11, 381A–385APublication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online4 June 2012Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00107a728https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00107a728research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views532Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Creating virtual product experiences: The role of telepresence (2003)

Given that direct product experience is generally the optimal method for consumers to learn about products, marketers should strive for verisimilitude in marketing communications. This research explores how computer-mediated environments can engender virtual product experiences. The construct of telepresence, a sense of presence in a remote environment, is used to examine the process by which media characteristics influence consumer responses. Through two experimental studies, we evaluate the effect of two media characteristics—user control and media richness—on the creation of telepresence and assess the impact of telepresence on consumer beliefs about and attitudes toward the advertised product. Results show that user control and media richness both contribute to creating a sense of telepresence. Moreover, through telepresence, these media characteristics influence consumers’ cognitive responses.
Valuing Credit Default Swaps Ii: Modeling Default Correlations (2000)

This paper extends the analysis in Valuing Credit Default Swaps I: No Counter-party Default Risk to provide a methodology for valuing credit default swaps that takes account of counterparty default risk and allows the payoff to be contingent on defaults by multiple reference entities. It develops a model of default correlations between different corporate or sovereign entities. The model is applied to the valuation of vanilla credit default swaps when the seller may default and to the valuation of basket credit default swaps. 2 In Hull and White (2000) we explained how a vanilla credit default swap (CDS) can be valued when there is no counterparty default risk. This is a two stage procedure. The first stage is to calculate the risk-neutral probability of default at future times from the yields on bonds issued by the reference entity (or by corporations considered to have the same risk of default as the reference entity). The second stage is to calculate the present value of both the expected future payoff and expected future payments on the credit default
Coproduction of Methanol and Dimethyl Ether from Biomass-Derived Syngas on a Cu−ZnO−Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Hybrid Catalyst (2007)

The coproduction of methanol (MeOH) and dimethyl ether (DME) from biomass-derived synthesis gas on the coprecipitated Cu−ZnO−Al2O3/γ-Al2O3 hybrid catalysts has been investigated to overcome the equilibrium conversion of CO on the MeOH only synthetic reaction at the H2-decificient condition. Two different types of γ-Al2O3 were employed as the solid-acid component of hybrid catalyst: one prepared by a precipitation method and the other prepared by a sol–gel method. Several hybrid catalysts were prepared by the coprecipitation method in the slurry of γ-Al2O3 with the variation in the weight ratio of MeOH synthesis catalyst (Cu−ZnO−Al2O3) to solid-acid catalyst (γ-Al2O3) as well as by changing aging time during synthesis. The catalytic activity results revealed that the best yield of MeOH and DME with concomitant decrease in the CO2 formation was obtained on the hybrid catalyst containing γ-Al2O3 prepared by the sol–gel method with an aging time of 6 h. The hybrid catalysts were characterized by using the BET surface area measurements, NH3 temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The observed catalytic properties were related to the surface area of Cu metal, dispersion of Cu−ZnO−Al2O3 particles, and reducibility and acidity of hybrid catalysts. The enhanced catalytic activity with low selectivity to CO2 is attributed to the facile reducibility of well-dispersed copper oxides at low temperatures and also to the benign acid strength of the hybrid catalysts.
Photorespiratory Ammonia Does Not Inhibit Photosynthesis in Glutamate Synthase Mutants of <i>Arabidopsis</i> (1989)

Exposure of ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase (EC 1.4.7.1) mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana to photorespiratory conditions resulted in the accumulation of NH(4) (+) and the inhibition of photosynthesis. However, upon transfer from 2% O(2), 350 microliters per liter CO(2), to 21% O(2), 350 microliters per liter CO(2), net photosynthesis declined at a slower rate in methionine sulfoximine treated leaf discs relative to controls. The recovery of photosynthesis was also more rapid in MSO-treated leaf discs although ammonia levels were more than threefold higher. Photosynthesis in leaf discs treated with azaserine was inhibited more than controls when transferred to 21% O(2) and recovered less than controls when returned to 2% O(2) although NH(4) (+) levels were not significantly different. The results obtained are consistent with the view that the rapid inhibition of photosynthesis in the glutamate synthase mutants in photorespiratory conditions is not due to the accumulation of NH(4) (+) but rather to the depletion of amino donors for glyoxylate and the consequent effects of glyoxylate on the lack of return of carbon to the chloroplast.
Trap generation in gate oxide layer of MOS structures encapsulated by silicon nitride (1985)

Mechanism of trap generation in gate oxide of MOS structure encapsulated by silicon nitride (SiN) is experimentally investigated. Plasma damage results positive charges but few hot-electron traps in the gate oxide layer. Generation of hot-electron traps is attributed to the affects of SiN encapsulant during the device operation. Lower rf power and higher SiH <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> flow rate for the SiN deposition, and subsequent thermal annealing in H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> are desirable to reduce the instability. When fluorinated SiN is used as an encapsulant, the generation of hot-electron traps is successfully suppressed, suggesting possibility to realize higher reliable devices.
Polymorphism of <i>Xeroderma Pigmentosum group G</i> and the risk of lung cancer and squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx, larynx and esophagus (2005)

We investigated the effects of XPG His1104Asp polymorphism (rs17655) on the risk of lung cancer and squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx, larynx and esophagus (SCCOLE). This population-based case-control study involves 611 new cases of lung cancer, 601 new cases of oropharyngeal, laryngeal and esophageal cancers, and 1,040 cancer-free controls. The XPG polymorphism was assayed by PCR-RFLP method for 497 lung cancer cases, 443 cases of oropharyngeal, laryngeal and esophageal cancers and 912 controls. Binary and polytomous unconditional logistic regression models were fitted to assess the main effects and the effect modifications between the polymorphism and environmental exposures. With the adjustment for potential confounders, the XPG Asp1104Asp genotype was inversely associated with lung cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.62, 95% confidence limits [CL] = 0.38, 1.0) and SCCOLE (OR = 0.47, 95% CL = 0.27, 0.82), with the combined His1104His and His1104Asp genotypes as the referent. With subjects having genotype Asp1104Asp and no tobacco smoking exposure as the common referent, the ORs on lung cancer were 13 (95% CL = 4.4, 37) for heavy tobacco smoking (>20 pack-years), 1.9 (95% CL = 0.78, 4.5) for having at least one copy of 1104His, and 23 (95% CL = 9.5, 56) for the joint effect, respectively. Compared to non-smokers with the Asp1104Asp genotype, the adjusted OR on SCCOLE for heavy smokers (>20 pack-years) having at least one copy of 1104His was 8.0 (95% CL = 2.7, 24). Similarly, compared to non-drinkers with the Asp1104Asp genotype, the adjusted OR on SCCOLE for heavy drinkers (> or =3 drinks/day) with at least one copy of 1104His was 10 (95% CL = 2.7, 38). In conclusion, our study suggests that the XPG Asp1104Asp genotype may be associated with decreased susceptibility to lung cancer and SCCOLE.
A protein geranylgeranyltransferase from bovine brain: implications for protein prenylation specificity. (1991)

A protein geranylgeranyltransferase (PGT) that catalyzes the transfer of a 20-carbon prenyl group from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to a cysteine residue in protein and peptide acceptors was detected in bovine brain cytosol and partially purified. The enzyme was shown to be distinct from a previously characterized protein farnesyltransferase (PFT). The PGT selectively geranylgeranylated a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C terminus of the gamma 6 subunit of bovine brain G proteins, which have previously been shown to contain a 20-carbon prenyl modification. Likewise, a peptide corresponding to the C terminus of human lamin B, a known farnesylated protein, selectively served as a substrate for farnesylation by the PFT. However, with high concentrations of peptide acceptors, both prenyl transferases were able to use either peptide as substrates and the PGT was able to catalyze farnesyl transfer. Among the prenyl acceptors tested, peptides and proteins with leucine or phenylalanine at their C termini served as geranylgeranyl acceptors, whereas those with C-terminal serine were preferentially farnesylated. These results suggest that the C-terminal amino acid is an important structural determinant in controlling the specificity of protein prenylation.
The Effect of Cyclosporin A on Alveolar Bone in Rats Subjected to Experimental Periodontal Disease (2006)

Cyclosporine A (CsA), broadly used in organ transplantation, may contribute to pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CsA on alveolar bone in rats subjected or not to experimental periodontal disease using biochemical, radiographic, and histometric analysis. Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 equal groups: Group I (Control), Group II (CsA was injected subcutaneously in a daily dose of 10 mg/kg), Group III (Ligature was placed around the mandibular molars), Group IV (Ligature+CsA). After 60 days, rats were decapitated, serum alkaline phosphatase and calcium levels were measured. Radiographic-alveolar bone loss (ABL), histometric-ABL, and percentage of new alveolar bone formation (NABF%) were determined on mandibular molars. Significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase levels (p < 0.001), no significant difference in calcium levels were observed (p > 0.05) in Group IV compared to Group III. Radiographic and histometric-ABL were significantly less (p < 0.001), NABF% was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in Group IV than in Group III. No significant difference in any of the parameters between Group II and Group I was found. It can be concluded that in the presence of periodontal disease, CsA treatment may bring out an imbalance in the alveolar bone homeostasis by decreasing resorption and stimulating formation of alveolar bone in rats.
An immunosuppressive regimen using FTY720 combined with cyclosporin in canine kidney transplantation (1998)

FTY720 induces apoptosis, specifically in lymphocytes, and prolongs allograft survival in rats and dogs. The purpose of this study was to define an effective range of FTY720 doses that could be combined with a suboptimal dose (10 mg/kg) of cyclosporin for canine kidney allograft recipients. The combination significantly prolonged allograft survival in all groups receiving FTY720 at a dose of 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 mg/kg. None of the recipients died due to notable side effects of the drug. In peripheral blood, the number of lymphocytes was extremely low, whereas the percentage of granulocytes increased during FTY720 administration. No significant difference in cyclosporin trough levels was observed between the cyclosporin-alone group and the combination groups. We conclude from the present study that FTY720 has a potent effect at an extremely low dose and a wide therapeutic window when combined with cyclosporin in canine kidney transplants.
A comparison of transformation methods for evaluating two‐dimensional weakly singular integrals (2002)

Abstract Accurate numerical evaluation of integrals arising in the boundary element method is fundamental to achieving useful results via this solution technique. In this paper, a number of techniques are considered to evaluate the weakly singular integrals which arise in the solution of Laplace's equation in three dimensions and Poisson's equation in two dimensions. Both are two‐dimensional weakly singular integrals and are evaluated using (in a product fashion) methods which have recently been used for evaluating one‐dimensional weakly singular integrals arising in the boundary element method. The methods used are based on various polynomial transformations of conventional Gaussian quadrature points where the transformation polynomial has zero Jacobian at the singular point. Methods which split the region of integration into sub‐regions are considered as well as non‐splitting methods. In particular, the newly introduced and highly accurate generalized composite subtraction of singularity and non‐linear transformation approach (GSSNT) is applied to various two‐dimensional weakly singular integrals. A study of the different methods reveals complex relationships between transformation orders, position of the singular point, integration kernel and basis function. It is concluded that the GSSNT method gives the best overall results for the two‐dimensional weakly singular integrals studied. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of SiGe-on-insulator substrates by a condensation technique: an experimental and modelling study (2007)

Today, to our knowledge, only two techniques are used to perform GeOI substrates: the Smart-Cut™ technique and the Ge condensation technique. The latter is very sensitive to the initial parameters but is the only one which allows Si and Ge-on-insulator co-integration. Predictions of experimental results are then necessary to associate the best processes with the defined starting structures. This paper presents for the first time studies on Ge condensation technique simulations. Enrichment kinetics occurring in the classical one-dimensional condensation process have been simulated by the TCAD Silvaco Athena tool and analytical calculations. The good correlation with experimental data permits us to confirm the process dependence to the initial parameters. The influence of the process-induced non-homogeneities for the prestructure fabrication is also highlighted by the simulation results. The analytical model is efficient to predict a lot of experimental data with short calculation times. For more complex processes involving a two- or three-dimensional oxidation, enrichment prediction accuracy obtained by the analytic model is limited. Mechanism predictions under these experimental conditions are necessary to be studied by TCAD simulations.
5-Fluorouracil interferes with paclitaxel cytotoxicity against human solid tumor cells. (1997)

Paclitaxel, a naturally occurring antimitotic agent, has shown efficacy in the treatment of certain solid tumors, particularly metastatic breast carcinoma and drug-refractory ovarian cancers. Recent studies have demonstrated that paclitaxel, in addition to its effects on microtubules and cell cycle arrest, possesses significant cell-killing activity in solid tumor cells by the induction of apoptosis. However, the mechanism by which paclitaxel leads to cell death and its relationship with paclitaxel-induced mitotic arrest is presently unclear. In this study, we attempted to determine whether pre-arresting tumor cells at other phases of the cell cycle could affect paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. We found that 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), another antineoplastic agent that usually arrests tumor cells at the G1-S phase of the cell cycle, could significantly repress the cell-killing activity of paclitaxel in solid tumor cells, even when it was added simultaneously with paclitaxel. Further studies indicated that 5-FU actually inhibits the cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel on both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death, suggesting that 5-FU might interfere with paclitaxel cytotoxicity at an early stage, probably by preventing tumor cells from entering G2-M phase. Because recent clinical trials have used a combination of paclitaxel and 5-FU in the treatment of metastatic breast cancers, our results also suggest that the combination of these two drugs might not be as valuable in clinical chemotherapy.
Propagation characteristics of a circular waveguide coated inside with a metamaterial (2007)

The problem of guided wave propagation of a circular waveguide that is coated on the inside with a metamaterial coating is studied by a boundary value approach and the propagation features cylindrical waveguide are studied by solving the resultant characteristic equation numerically. The results are compared to those with an inside dielectric coating. The variation of the normalized phase constant is studied as a function of the parameters of the coating including the permittivity and permeability, the coating thickness expressed as a ratio of b/a, and frequency. The behavior of the cylindrical waveguide is shown to be significantly different from that with a dielectric coating.
Rijndael: A Successor to the Data Encryption Standard (2001)

The american national institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) launched a competition in 1997 under the aegis of an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with the goal of creating a new national standard (federal information processing standard, or FIPS) for encryption with a symmetric algorithm. Although we have concentrated our attention in this book on asymmetric cryptography, this development is important enough that we should give it some attention, if only cursorily. The new standard should establish an encryption algorithm that satisfies all of today's security requirements and that in all of its design and implementation aspects will be freely available without cost throughout the world. Finally, it should replace the dated data encryption standard (DES), which, however, as triple DES will remain available for use in government agencies. In the future, however, the AES is to be the cryptographic basis of the American administration for the protection of sensitive data.KeywordsSmart CardAdvance Encryption StandardPlain TextData Encryption StandardLeft RotationThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
SecureDropbox (2013)

Cloud storage services bring users a convenient, cross-device and practical application. A great number of users ranging from individuals to large-scale corporates grow and hold on the almighty information to cloud storage services. However, the lack of guaranteeing data security is a mortal defect resulting in the strong mistrust of users. Therefore, we propose and implement the SecureDropbox system which constructs a secure architecture including key generation, key management, file encryption, and synchronization modules to prevent risks of data disclosure.