gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantification of eNOS mRNA in the canine cardiac vasculature by competitive PCR (2000)

The goal of the present study was to develop a competitive PCR assay to measure changes in the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA levels throughout the canine vascular tree. A partial sequence of canine eNOS cDNA (1.86 kb), inducible NOS (1.95 kb), and neuronal NOS (1.16 kb) was cultured from canine aortic endothelial cells, LPS-treated canine splenic vein endothelial cells, and from canine left ventricle, respectively. Competitor eNOS cDNA (eNOS-C) was constructed via recombinant PCR. Thus, with the use of a standard curve competitive PCR with eNOS-C, the amount of eNOS mRNA in 500 ng of total RNA was greatest in the circumflex > right coronary artery > left anterior descending coronary artery > aorta. The isolation of coronary microvessels from the left ventricle was associated with an enrichment of endothelial cell markers such as eNOS, von Willebrand factor, and caveolin-1, an observation supported by the detection of up to 15-fold higher levels of eNOS mRNA in coronary microvessels relative to the larger arteries. The ability to quantify changes in eNOS mRNA levels throughout the canine vasculature should provide greater insight into the molecular mechanisms of how this gene is regulated in physiological and pathophysiological states.
Block of Muscle Nicotinic Receptors by Choline Suggests that the Activation and Desensitization Gates Act as Distinct Molecular Entities (2006)

Ion channel block in muscle acetylcholine nicotinic receptors (AChRs) is an extensively reported phenomenon. Yet, the mechanisms underlying the interruption of ion flow or the interaction of the blocker with the channel's gates remain incompletely characterized. In this paper, we studied fast channel block by choline, a quaternary-ammonium cation that is also an endogenous weak agonist of this receptor, and a valuable tool in structure-function studies. Analysis of the single-channel current amplitude as a function of both choline concentration and voltage revealed that extracellular choline binds to the open-channel pore with millimolar apparent affinity (K(B) congruent with 12 mM in the presence of approximately 155 mM monovalent and 3.5 mM divalent, inorganic cations), and that it permeates the channel faster than acetylcholine. This, together with its relatively small size ( approximately 5.5 A along its longest axis), suggests that the pore-blocking choline binding site is the selectivity filter itself, and that current blockages simply reflect the longer-lived sojourns of choline at this site. Kinetic analysis of single-channel traces indicated that increasing occupancy of the pore-blocking site by choline (as judged from the reduction of the single-channel current amplitude) is accompanied by the lengthening of (apparent) open interval durations. Consideration of a number of possible mechanisms firmly suggests that this prolongation results from the local effect of choline interfering with the operation of the activation gate (closure of blocked receptors is slower than that of unblocked receptors by a factor of approximately 13), whereas closure of the desensitization gate remains unaffected. Thus, we suggest that these two gates act as distinct molecular entities. Also, the detailed understanding gained here on how choline distorts the observed open-time durations can be used to compensate for this artifact during activation assays. This correction is necessary if we are to understand how choline binds to and gates the AChR.
Reabilitação de pacientes portadores da doença de Kienböck submetidos a ressecção da fileira proximal do carpo (2000)

A proposta deste estudo foi a aplicação de um protocolo de avaliação e tratamento desenvolvido no Serviço de Terapia da Mão do Setor de Terapia Ocupacional da Disciplina de Fisiatria do Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, destinado a pacientes portadores da Doença de Kienböck e submetidos a técnica cirúrgica de ressecção da fileira proximal do carpo. O protocolo de avaliação foi aplicado em 16 pacientes que foram avaliados no pré e pós-tratamento, considerando-se a dor, perímetro do punho, força muscular, amplitude articular do antebraço e punho e a capacidade funcional. Considerou-se também alguns referenciais subjetivos, no que se refere à satisfação pessoal do paciente quanto ao tratamento. Os resultados mostraram que o protocolo de tratamento aplicado foi eficaz na redução da dor, no aumento do arco de movimento da pronação e supinação do antebraço, abdução e adução do punho e favoreceu a melhora da capacidade funcional da mão afetada. Na avaliação subjetiva 90% dos pacientes tratados em nosso protocolo estavam satisfeitos com a sua recuperação.
Hydrocarbon Autoxidation. (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrocarbon Autoxidation.Charles E. FrankCite this: Chem. Rev. 1950, 46, 1, 155–169Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60143a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views691Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (853 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental Testing of a Hypersonic Inlet with Rectangular-to-Elliptical Shape Transition (2001)

Wind-tunnel testing of a hypersonic inlet with rectangular-to-elliptical shape transition has been conducted at Mach 6.2. These tests were performed to validate the use of a recently developed design methodology for fixed-geometry hypersonic inlets suitable for airframe integrated scramjets. Results indicated that flow features within the inlet were similar to design and that the inlet typically captured 96% of the available airflow. Typical mass-flow-weighted total pressure recoveries of 55% were obtained for compression ratios of 14.8 throughout the test program. Assessment of the inlet starting characteristics indicated that the inlet self-started at Mach 6.2 despite the fact that it had an internal contraction ratio well above the Kantrowitz limit (Kantrowitz, A,, and Donaldson, C., Preliminary Investigation of Supersonic Diffusers, NACA WR L-713, 1945). These results demonstrate that high-performance, fixed-geometry inlets can be designed to combine a nearly rectangular capture with a smooth transition to an elliptical throat.
Nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease (2011)

Macronutrient and micronutrient assessment should be an essential part of nutritional assessment of all patients with IBD. Although research is needed to further our understanding of the immune-modulatory effects of nutrients and supplements, better and more effective therapies combining nutrition and drug treatments like immune-suppressants should be explored.
Community-Based Question Answering via Heterogeneous Social Network Learning (2016)

Community-based question answering (cQA) sites have accumulated vast amount of questions and corresponding crowdsourced answers over time. How to efficiently share the underlying information and knowledge from reliable (usually highly-reputable) answerers has become an increasingly popular research topic. A major challenge in cQA tasks is the accurate matching of high-quality answers w.r.t given questions. Many of traditional approaches likely recommend corresponding answers merely depending on the content similarity between questions and answers, therefore suffer from the sparsity bottleneck of cQA data. In this paper, we propose a novel framework which encodes not only the contents of question-answer(Q-A) but also the social interaction cues in the community to boost the cQA tasks. More specifically, our framework collaboratively utilizes the rich interaction among questions, answers and answerers to learn the relative quality rank of different answers w.r.t a same question. Moreover, the information in heterogeneous social networks is comprehensively employed to enhance the quality of question-answering (QA) matching by our deep random walk learning framework. Extensive experiments on a large-scale dataset from a real world cQA site show that leveraging the heterogeneous social information indeed achieves better performance than other state-of-the-art cQA methods.
Radioactive Tracers to Mark Interfaces and Measure Intermixing in Pipelines (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadioactive Tracers to Mark Interfaces and Measure Intermixing in PipelinesDonald E. Hull and James W. KentCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1952, 44, 11, 2745–2750Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50515a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50515a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views137Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Investigation of sodium effects on CIGS thin films deposited by sputtering from a single quaternary (2012)

We investigated sodium effects on Cu(In,Ga)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thin films deposited by sputtering from a single quaternary target without any further post-selenization or sulfurization. We conducted current-voltage measurement to gather device output parameters. We then used capacitance spectroscopy including capacitance-voltage measurement, admittance spectroscopy, and drive-level capacitance profile to investigate sodium effects in our system. Photoluminescence measurement was made to analyze radiative recombination between energy levels. In addition, we used electron probe x-ray analyzer to analyze atomic composition of CIGS thin film. With the help of the techniques mentioned above, we came to a conclusion that sodium behaves as a catalyzer for oxygen atoms to neutralize selenium vacancies.
Critical condition for growth of silicon nanowires (2007)

The existence of a critical radius on the growth of Si nanowires by the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism is examined. By varying the experimental growth parameters, we have shown a dependence of the minimum nanowires radius with the Si reactive species partial pressure, demonstrating that the critical radius is not a limited one. A thermodynamical model giving a quantitative aspect of the dependence of a critical nanowire diameter on Si supersaturation in a Au-Si droplet is proposed. These results open up a way to grow many kinds of nanowires with nanometric diameter. The size control has important implications for electronic and optical properties of nanowires based devices.
Supervised identification and linking of concept mentions to a domain-specific ontology (2010)

We propose a pipelined supervised learning approach named SDOI to the task of interlinking the concepts mentioned within a document to the concepts within an ontology. Concept mention identification is performed by training a sequential tagging model. Each identified concept mention is then associated with a set of candidate ontology concepts along with a feature vector based on features proposed in the literature and novel ones based on new data sources, such as from the training corpus itself. An iterative algorithm is defined for handling collective features. We show a lift in performance over applicable baselines against the ability to identify the concept mentions within the 139 KDD-2009 conference paper abstracts, and to link these concept mentions to a domain-specific ontology for the field of data mining. Additional experiments of 22 ICDM-2009 abstracts suggest that the trained models are portable both in terms of accuracy and in their ability to reduce annotation time.
A stochastic approximation approach for max-min fair adaptive rate control of ABR sessions with MCRs (2002)

The available bit rate (ABR) sessions in an ATM network share the bandwidth left over after guaranteeing service to constant bit rate (CBR) and variable bit rate (VBR) traffic. Hence the bandwidth available to ABR sessions is randomly varying. This bandwidth must be shared by the sessions in a max-min fair fashion. Our point of departure in this paper is to formulate the problem of determining the max-min fair session rates as the problem of finding the root of a certain nonlinear vector equation; the same formulation also arises with our notion of max-min fairness with positive minimum cell rates (MCRs). This formulation allows us to use a stochastic approximation algorithm for online distributed computation of the max-min fair rates. We use the well known ordinary differential equation technique to prove convergence of the algorithm in the synchronous update case. We provide simulation results using the NIST simulator to show that the algorithm is able to track the max-min fair rates for slowly varying random available link bandwidths.
A multislice gradient echo pulse sequence for CEST imaging (2009)

Chemical exchange-dependent saturation transfer and paramagnetic chemical exchange-dependent saturation transfer are agent-mediated contrast mechanisms that depend on saturating spins at the resonant frequency of the exchangeable protons on the agent, thereby indirectly saturating the bulk water. In general, longer saturating pulses produce stronger chemical and paramagnetic exchange-dependent saturation transfer effects, with returns diminishing for pulses longer than T1. This could make imaging slow, so one approach to chemical exchange-dependent saturation transfer imaging has been to follow a long, frequency-selective saturation period by a fast imaging method. A new approach is to insert a short frequency-selective saturation pulse before each spatially selective observation pulse in a standard, two-dimensional, gradient-echo pulse sequence. Being much less than T1 apart, the saturation pulses have a cumulative effect. Interleaved, multislice imaging is straightforward. Observation pulses directed at one slice did not produce observable, unintended chemical exchange-dependent saturation transfer effects in another slice. Pulse repetition time and signal-to noise ratio increase in the normal way as more slices are imaged simultaneously.
Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer for Treatment of Osteoradionecrosis of the Maxilla (2005)

Head and neck tumors often require radiotherapy as part of the treatment protocol. Although it improves the survival rate in cancer patients, it may cause osteoradionecrosis, especially in the mandible and maxilla. Twelve patients with osteoradionecrosis of the maxilla were treated with microsurgical free tissue transplantations between April of 1996 and August of 2002. There were 10 male and two female patients, with a mean age of 60.2 years. The mean radiotherapy dose was 6674 cGy. The radiation dose could not be traced in three patients because radiotherapy was performed elsewhere. Radical sequestrectomy, soft-tissue debridement, and pathologic proof of no tumor recurrence were performed before microsurgical reconstruction. Free flaps used included the following: anterolateral thigh (n = 7), radial forearm (n = 2), rectus femoris musculocutaneous (n = 2), and supracondylar chimeric (n = 1) flaps. All flaps survived completely and reconstruction succeeded. During a mean 25-month follow-up period, ectropion, plate exposure, and mild infection were encountered in three patients and treated successfully. Radical debridement and obliteration of dead space with well-vascularized tissue are essential for successful treatment of maxillary osteoradionecrosis. The anterolateral thigh flap is most versatile for almost all types of soft-tissue defect reconstruction in the head and neck region.
Greenolive: an open platform for wellness management ecosystem (2010)

In this paper, we present Greenolive, an open platform for wellness management ecosystem. Wellness management applications, which facilitate preventive care and chronic disease treatments, are considered as a key component to enhance healthcare quality and reduce healthcare cost. Currently, most of the wellness management applications are device-oriented, stand-alone software and lack of open APIs that allow new value-added applications to be developed rapidly. Further, these wellness applications have not fully utilized the collected wellness monitoring data to generate new knowledge that can help people to further improve their wellness status. In this paper, we advocate an open platform that provides services that are essential to wellness management, and manages the services to be developed. Further, we adopt an elastic infrastructure to deal with scalability issues. We expect independent software vendors to develop new wellness management applications using the provided services and to deploy them on the platform. We believe such an ecosystem can greatly promote wellness management applications, much like we witness in other application domains, e.g., social network, enterprise resource management.
An Analog Implementation of the Constant Average Statistics Constraint For Sensor Calibration (1996)

We use the constant statistics constraint to calibrate an array of sensors that contains gain and offset variations. This algorithm has been mapped to analog hardware and designed and fabricated with a 2µm CMOS technology. Measured results from the chip show that the system achieves invariance to gain and offset variations of the input signal.
Improved detection of differential phase shift keying through multi-symbol phase estimation (2005)

We report an improved self-homodyne detection scheme for differential phase-shift-keying that achieves close to homodyne performance and effectively reduces the influence of nonlinear phase noise, resulting in a 1.3 dB sensitivity improvement over self-homodyne detection. (2 pages)
An Introduction to Variational Autoencoders (2019)

Variational autoencoders provide a principled framework for learning deep latent-variable models and corresponding inference models. In this work, we provide an introduction to variational autoencoders and some important extensions.
Cosmic Rays, Clouds, and Climate (2002)

It has been proposed that Earth's climate could be affected by changes in cloudiness caused by variations in the intensity of galactic cosmic rays in the atmosphere. This proposal stems from an observed correlation between cosmic ray intensity and Earth's average cloud cover over the course of one solar cycle. Some scientists question the reliability of the observations, whereas others, who accept them as reliable, suggest that the correlation may be caused by other physical phenomena with decadal periods or by a response to volcanic activity or El Niño. Nevertheless, the observation has raised the intriguing possibility that a cosmic ray-cloud interaction may help explain how a relatively small change in solar output can produce much larger changes in Earth's climate. Physical mechanisms have been proposed to explain how cosmic rays could affect clouds, but they need to be investigated further if the observation is to become more than just another correlation among geophysical variables.
Physical Properties of Polyurethane Blend Dope-Coated Fabrics (1997)

We investigate the effects of the cross-sectional structure of a polyester-type polyurethane (pu)/polyvinylchloride (pvc) blend dope-coated nylon fabric on moisture permeability. The waterproof coating is applied by a one-sided wet-coagulation process. The blending of hydrophobic pvc to hydrophilic pu forms a three-layered cross-sectional structure—a pvc-rich micronetwork, a porous pu-rich layer, and the nylon fabric. As the blend ratio of pvc to pu increases, the moisture permeability (mp) and dew condensation (dc) of the coated fabrics improve. Compared to the pu homopolymer, the mp value of a pu/pvc blend in a weight ratio of 4:1 increases 1.18 times to 492 g/m 2 ·h (JIS A-1 method) and 1.16 times to 815 g/m 2 ·h (JIS B-1 method), but the dc value decreases one-fourth to 4.60 g/m 2 · h. This gradient three-layered cross-sectional structure contributes to vapor transport properties.
Cleavage of Group 1 Coronavirus Spike Proteins: How Furin Cleavage Is Traded Off against Heparan Sulfate Binding upon Cell Culture Adaptation (2008)

A longstanding enigmatic feature of the group 1 coronaviruses is the uncleaved phenotype of their spike protein, an exceptional property among class I fusion proteins. Here, however, we show that some group 1 coronavirus spike proteins carry a furin enzyme recognition motif and can actually be cleaved, as demonstrated for a feline coronavirus. Interestingly, this feature can be lost during cell culture adaptation by a single mutation in the cleavage motif; this, however, preserves a heparan sulfate binding motif and renders infection by the virus heparan sulfate dependent. We identified a similar cell culture adaptation for the human coronavirus OC43.
Novel Scheme for Joint Estimation of SNR, Doppler, and Carrier Frequency Offset in Double-Selective Wireless Channels (2009)

As receiver performance will be degraded by carrier frequency offset (CFO), Doppler shift, and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a novel estimator that jointly considers CFO, Doppler shift, and SNR is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm uses the Fourier transform (FT) to calculate the power spectral density of time-varying channels through channel estimates. Then, a new periodogram technique is utilized to estimate CFO, Doppler shift, and SNR together. Unlike conventional methods in sinusoid estimation, which rely on the peak-value search of a periodogram, this paper exploits the hypothesis test to address the random frequency modulation of time-varying channels. Furthermore, to optimize estimation performance, a theoretical analysis is also provided on the influences of some key parameters, e.g., the length of the signal processed with fast FT , the amplitude threshold value, the SNR dynamic range, and the velocity dynamic range. Correspondingly, the appropriate key parameters are chosen according to this analysis and are validated by simulations. The results are consistent with our analysis and present high accuracy over a wide range of velocities and SNRs.