gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of High‐Pressure Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Orange Juice, Apple Juice, and Model Liquid Foods (2008)

An experimental system to measure the carbon dioxide (CO(2)) solubility in liquids at different pressures was designed and tested. Pressure and temperature were controlled in the system, and the design assured an accurate measurement of solubility. Experimental measurements of CO(2) solubility were performed in pure water, model solutions (ascorbic acid-sugars-water, citric acid-sugars-water), and in commercial orange juice (OJ) and apple juice (AJ), as a function of pressure (7.58 to 15.86 MPa) at constant temperature (40 degrees C). Aspen simulation software was used to predict the solubility in simple cases. All experimental results and predictions from simulations were compared with literature data. Measurements of CO(2) solubility in pure water were not significantly different than the literature. CO(2) solubility (g/100 g of liquid) results in the model liquids and in the juices were lower than for pure water, due to the presence of solutes. The software simulation was able to predict the CO(2) solubility in the model systems at low pressures.
The case against epitope spread in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (1998)

Epitope spread has been proposed as a possible mechanism for diversification of the autoimmune T-cell response during disease. Specifically, it offers a plausible mechanism for the previously obscure cyclical nature of autoimmune demyelination whereby the sequence of attack, quiescence and reactivation may recur over a long period of time. However, we were concerned that previous studies of epitope spread have not necessarily shown it to be well correlated with disease severity or relapse. Furthermore, we had studied two transgenic models of exacerbated experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in which no indication of spread away from the initial disease-inducing peptide could be observed. We conducted a systematic, longitudinal study in SJL mice to look for determinant spread during relapsing and remitting EAE, correlating epitope recognition and cytokine production with disease severity. When T cells from spleen, lymph node and central nervous system (CNS) were analysed, little or no determinant spread was found. The best immunological correlate of relapse was the reappearance after remission of CNS-infiltrating T cells mounting a strong proliferative and interferon (IFN)-gamma response to the original disease-inducing epitope. Our data do not support a general role for determinant spread in EAE relapse. Rather, they indicate the importance of a focused proliferative and IFN-gamma response to the disease-inducing peptide.
Murine Dishevelled 3 Functions in Redundant Pathways with Dishevelled 1 and 2 in Normal Cardiac Outflow Tract, Cochlea, and Neural Tube Development (2008)

Dishevelled (Dvl) proteins are important signaling components of both the canonical beta-catenin/Wnt pathway, which controls cell proliferation and patterning, and the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, which coordinates cell polarity within a sheet of cells and also directs convergent extension cell (CE) movements that produce narrowing and elongation of the tissue. Three mammalian Dvl genes have been identified and the developmental roles of Dvl1 and Dvl2 were previously determined. Here, we identify the functions of Dvl3 in development and provide evidence of functional redundancy among the three murine Dvls. Dvl3(-/-) mice died perinatally with cardiac outflow tract abnormalities, including double outlet right ventricle and persistent truncus arteriosis. These mutants also displayed a misorientated stereocilia in the organ of Corti, a phenotype that was enhanced with the additional loss of a single allele of the PCP component Vangl2/Ltap (LtapLp/+). Although neurulation appeared normal in both Dvl3(-/-) and LtapLp/+ mutants, Dvl3(+/-);LtapLp/+ combined mutants displayed incomplete neural tube closure. Importantly, we show that many of the roles of Dvl3 are also shared by Dvl1 and Dvl2. More severe phenotypes were observed in Dvl3 mutants with the deficiency of another Dvl, and increasing Dvl dosage genetically with Dvl transgenes demonstrated the ability of Dvls to compensate for each other to enable normal development. Interestingly, global canonical Wnt signaling appeared largely unaffected in the double Dvl mutants, suggesting that low Dvl levels are sufficient for functional canonical Wnt signals. In summary, we demonstrate that Dvl3 is required for cardiac outflow tract development and describe its importance in the PCP pathway during neurulation and cochlea development. Finally, we establish several developmental processes in which the three Dvls are functionally redundant.
Ketamine-Induced Potentiation of Morphine Analgesia in Rat Tail-Flick Test: Role of Opioid-, .ALPHA.2-Adrenoceptors and ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels (2006)

Ketamine is known to improve opioid efficacy, reduce postoperative opioid requirement and oppose opioid associated pain hypersensitivity and tolerance. However, the mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects are not clear. This study investigated the effects of ketamine at a non-analgesic dose (30 mg/kg, i.p.) on analgesia induced by morphine (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 mg/kg, s.c.), using rat tail-flick test as an animal model of acute pain. Further, the role of opioid-, α2-adrenoceptors and ATP-sensitive potassium channels was examined on the potentiating effect of ketamine. Male rats received morphine alone at 5.0 and 7.5 but not at 2.5 mg/kg showed a dose-related increase in tail-flick latencies. The combination of morphine and ketamine resulted in dose-related increase in morphine analgesia, both on the intensity as well as on duration. The ketamine-induced potentiation of morphine (7.5 mg/kg) analgesia was unaffected by glibenclamide (3 mg/kg, s.c.) and only partially blocked by yohimbine (2 mg/kg, i.p.), but more completely abolished by naloxone (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Both morphine (5.0 mg/kg) and ketamine (30 mg/kg) alone did not evoke catalepsy in rats but on combination produced a synergistic effect, which was however, abolished by naloxone pretreatment. In the open-field test, while morphine (5.0 mg/kg) caused a depressant effect, ketamine (30 mg/kg) enhanced the locomotor activity. Nevertheless, in combination potentiated the morphine's depressant effect on locomotion, which was also antagonized by naloxone. These results indicate that ketamine at a non-analgesic dose can potentiate morphine analgesia, induce catalepsy and cause locomotor depression, possibly involving an opioid mechanism. This potentiation, although favorable in acute pain management, may have some adverse clinical implications.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Aluminum‐Containing Mixed Metal Oxides Using Doped Carboxylate Alumoxane Nanoparticles. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A simple and practical voltage balance method for a solid-state transformer using cascaded H-bridge converters (2015)

In this paper, a simple voltage balance method for a SST using cascaded H-bridge converters is proposed to reduce the voltage difference of H-bridge converters. The tolerance of DAB converter's passive components in each secondary stage causes the unbalance problem of output voltage in primary side H-bridge converter. In order to reduce the voltage difference of H-bridge converters, the additional voltage balance controller is merged in DAB converter's voltage controller. By using the proposed voltage balance controller, the modified phase shift angle is applied for each DAB converters. Due to the proposed control methods, the dc-link voltage through each H-bridge converters can be balanced. Compared to the conventional methods, the proposed balance method does not require the additional current sensors for voltage balance control. The design and performance of the proposed SST are verified by experimental results using a 5kW prototype.
Software Effort Prediction (2008)

Abstract The development of effort models has been an area of considerable research in software engineering. Most early models were algorithmic and derived relationships empirically between effort and project characteristics, mostly using regression analysis. Recently, they have been complemented by machine learning and by neural net techniques. Various comparative studies have also been pursued to evaluate the predictive performance of different approaches. This article first highlights the main effort‐prediction techniques and comparative studies and then discusses the model development process and some relevant issues. An illustrative example is employed to develop support vector prediction models for data from several industrial projects.
My Pictures: informal image collections (2003)

digital photography, consumer, organising Digital techniques are rapidly becoming popular for the recording of images, but current applications for handling image collections still lag behind the varied and fluent ways of interacting that traditional informal collections offer. Here we report a field study of how home users use traditional ways of storing and organising their private photo collections. We compare this to the possibilities and limitations of current tools for digital image collections. Findings indicate that the interfaces of current digital tools provide excellent support for solution oriented indexing, but limited support for browsing and storytelling. Finally, we present an interface which combines the best of both worlds for interacting with digital images.
On Determining the Basic Tempo of an Expressive Music Performance (1994)

In an expressive music performance, the local tempo varies continuously and often asymmetrically around an implied (nominally constant) basic tempo. This preliminary study explored how pianists organise the expressive timing structure around an intended basic beat rate, how listeners judge the basic tempo of such a modulated performance, and what objectively measurable property of the performances the intended and/or judged tempi might correspond to. Two pianists played Robert Schumann's Traumerei three times at each of three intended tempi cued by a metronome. Tempo judgments (metronome settings) for the initial 8 bars of each performance were subsequently obtained from listeners who were pianists themselves. The judged tempi were generally slower than the intended tempi, which was attributed to a tendency of the performers to play slower than intended, especially at the faster tempi. The timing microstructure of each performance was quantified in terms of the frequency distribution of (raw or transformed) beat inter-onset intervals (1OIs). The judged tempi were generally close to the reciprocal of the mean of this distribution (transformations had little effect on the mean tempo), which thus seems to be the parameter that best corresponds to the perceived beat rate of an expressively modulated performance, at least when there are no extreme ritardandi.
Branch recovery with compiler-assisted multiple instruction retry (2003)

A compiler-assisted approach to implementing multiple instruction retry has recently been developed by C.-C. J Li et al. (1991). They extend compiler-assisted multiple instruction retry to include a broad class of code execution failures. Five benchmarks were used to measure the performance penalty of hazard resolution. Results indicate that the enhanced pure software approach can produce performance penalties consistent with existing hardware techniques. A combined compiler/hardware resolution strategy is also described and was evaluated. Experimental results indicate a lower performance penalty than with either a totally hardware or totally software approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Monitoring and controlling of smart equipments using Android compatible devices towards IoT applications and services in manufacturing industry (2014)

The ever increasing requirements for information being accessible at any time, from any place, regardless the type of remote device or planned operation, together with the need of complete control of a specific scenario or device has paved the way towards the next technological revolution: Internet of Things (IoT) and led to several major research projects. Within this paperwork the authors' vision regarding the architecture of an IoT network and an experimental testing bench for one of the first steps leading towards implementing the IoT vision is briefly introduced. The first part presents an overview of the Internet of Things. In the second part, authors' concept regarding an architecture for IoT and the vision towards implementation it into manufacturing environments are presented. The third part illustrates the implementation and testing of the chosen solution for connectivity between a smart equipment and Android compatible devices. In the last part, conclusions are highlighted and the roadmap regarding to concept implementation is defined.
Investigation of the kinetics of digermane chemisorption and reaction product desorption in thin film growth of germanium (1993)

The kinetics of the elementary reaction steps in surface-limited thin film growth of germanium from digermane was investigated by utilizing surface differential reflectance. Separation of the elementary reaction steps of chemisorption and reaction product desorption was achieved by using a pulsed molecular beam to modulate the digermane delivery to the heated substrate. Both elementary reaction steps were found to be single exponential first-order processes. The chemisorption reaction on Ge(100) was rapid (k1=500±50 s−1), and independent of the substrate temperature between 680 and 810 K. On the other hand the desorption step in the same substrate temperature range is strongly temperature dependent with an activation energy of 1.7±0.1 eV and a prefactor of 2×1013±1 s−1. A simple kinetic model comprised of two opposing first-order elementary steps is found to be consistent with the experimental results. It is concluded that the kinetic data are compatible with the pairing mechanism for molecular hydrogen desorption, but no (thermal) decomposition mechanism of digermane is found to provide a unique interpretation for the first-order adsorption kinetics.
Inferring Contextual Preferences Using Deep Auto-Encoding (2017)

Context-aware systems enable the sensing and analysis of user context in order to provide personalized services. Our study is part of growing research efforts examining how high-dimensional data collected from mobile devices can be utilized to infer users' dynamic preferences. We present a novel method for inferring contextual user preferences by using an unsupervised deep learning technique applied to mobile sensor data. We train an auto-encoder for each user preference with contextual data that based on past user interaction with the system. Given new contextual sensor data from a user, the patterns discovered from each auto-encoder are used to predict the most likely preference in the given context. This can greatly enhance a variety of services, such as mobile online advertising and context-aware recommender systems. We demonstrate our contribution with a point of interest (POI) recommender system in which we label contextual preferences based on the interaction of users with categories of items. Empirical results utilizing a real world dataset of mobile users show a significant improvement (16% to 73% improvement) in classification accuracy compared with state of the art classification methods.
Tamoxifen inhibits phorbol ester stimulated osteoclastic bone resorption: An effect mediated by calmodulin (2000)

Tamoxifen inhibits bone resorption by disrupting calmodulin-dependent processes. Since tamoxifen inhibits protein kinase C in other cells, we compared the effects of tamoxifen and the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate, on osteoclast activity. Phorbol esters stimulate bone resorption and calmodulin levels four-fold (k0.5 = 0.1-0.3 microM). In contrast, tamoxifen inhibited osteoclast activity approximately 60% with an IC50 of 1.5 microM, had no apparent effect on protein kinase C activity in whole-cell lysates, and reduced protein kinase C alpha recovered by immunoprecipitation 75%. Phorbol esters stimulated resorption in a time-dependent manner that was closely correlated with a similar-fold increase in calmodulin. Protein kinase C alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, and zeta were all down-regulated in response to phorbol ester treatment. Tamoxifen and trifluoperazine inhibited PMA-dependent increases in bone resorption and calmodulin by 85 +/- 10%. Down-regulation of protein kinase C isoforms by phorbol esters suggests that the observed increases in bone resorption and calmodulin levels are most likely due to a mechanism independent of protein kinase C and dependent on calmodulin. In conclusion, the data suggest that protein kinase C negatively regulates calmodulin expression and support the hypothesis that the effects of both phorbol esters and tamoxifen on osteoclast activity is mediated by calmodulin.
A 13.5-b 1.2-V micropower extended counting A/D converter (2001)

This work presents a study of the extended counting technique for a 1.2-V micropower voice-band A/D converter. This extended counting technique is a blend of /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulation with its high resolution but relatively low speed and algorithmic conversion with its higher speed but lower accuracy. To achieve this, the converter successively operates first as a first-order /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator to convert the most significant bits, and then the same hardware is used as an algorithmic converter to convert the remaining least significant bits. An experimental prototype was designed in 0.8-/spl mu/m CMOS. With a 1.2-V power supply, it consumes 150 /spl mu/W of power at a 16-kHz Nyquist sampling frequency. The measured peak S/(N+THD) was 80 dB and the dynamic range 82 dB. The converter core including the controller and all reconstruction logic occupies about 1.3/spl times/1 mm/sup 2/ of chip area. This is considerably less than a complete /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulation A/D converter where the digital decimation filter would occupy a significant amount of chip area.
Juvenile Hormone Activity of Mixed Ethers Containing a Phenyl and a Terpenoid Moiety Applied Topically to the Large Milkweed Bug and the Yellow Mealworm124 (1971)

Juvenile hormone activity of 42 mixed ethers containing an aromatic and a terpenoid moiety was compared with that of four 3,4-(methylenedioxy) phenyl analogues against the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas), and the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. Wide differences in activity between the 2 species were observed for the compounds with 17 different aromatic substituents. Several ethers were more active than their 3,4-(methylenedioxy) phenyl analogues.
Joint Optimization of Multiple Performance Metrics in Online Video Advertising (2016)

The field of online advertising, in essence, deals with the problem of presenting ads to online users in the most appropriate contexts to achieve a multitude of advertiser goals. A vast amount of work in online advertising has been focused on optimizing banner display advertising campaigns where the main goal lies in direct response metrics, often as clicks or conversions. In this paper, we explore the newly popularized space of online video advertising, where brand recognition is the key focus. We propose a framework based on a feedback mechanism where we optimize multiple video specific performance indicators while making sure the delivery constraints (budget and user reach) of advertisers are satisfied. While our main focus is on improving metrics such as engagement (amount of view time), and viewability (whether a campaign is within eyesight of a user), we also discuss the possibilities of expanding to other metrics. We demonstrate the benefit of our framework via empirical results in multiple real-world advertising campaigns. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that deals with the unique challenges arising from the nature of online video advertising.
A Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study of the Ampakine CX516 Added to Clozapine in Schizophrenia (2001)

CX516, a positive modulator of the glutamatergic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor, improves performance in tasks requiring learning and memory in animals. CX516 was added to clozapine in 4-week, placebo-controlled, dose-finding (N = 6) and fixed-dose (N = 13) trials. CX516 was tolerated well and was associated with moderate to large, between-group effect sizes compared with placebo, representing improvement in measures of attention and memory. These preliminary results suggest that CX516 and other "ampakines" hold promise for the treatment of schizophrenia.
Crystal Structures of the Anticancer Clinical Candidates R115777 (Tipifarnib) and BMS-214662 Complexed with Protein Farnesyltransferase Suggest a Mechanism of FTI Selectivity (2004)

The search for new cancer therapeutics has identified protein farnesyltransferase (FTase) as a promising drug target. This enzyme attaches isoprenoid lipids to signal transduction proteins involved in growth and differentiation. The two FTase inhibitors (FTIs), R115777 (tipifarnib/Zarnestra) and BMS-214662, have undergone evaluation as cancer therapeutics in phase I and II clinical trials. R115777 has been evaluated in phase III clinical trials and shows indications for the treatment of blood and breast malignancies. Here we present crystal structures of R115777 and BMS-214662 complexed with mammalian FTase. These structures illustrate the molecular mechanism of inhibition and selectivity toward FTase over the related enzyme, protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I (GGTase-I). These results, combined with previous biochemical and structural analyses, identify features of FTase that could be exploited to modulate inhibitor potency and specificity and should aid in the continued development of FTIs as therapeutics for the treatment of cancer and parasitic infections.
Sophorolipid treatment decreases LPS induced inflammatory responses and NO production in macrophages (2007)

Fu, Sophia L. MD; Mueller, Cathy BS; Lin, Yin-Yao BA; Viterbo, Domenico BA; Pierre, Joelle MD; Shah, Vishal PhD; Gross, Richard PhD; Schulze, Robert MD, FACS; Zenilman, Michael MD, FACS; Bluth, Martin MD, PhD Author Information