gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of Seamless Tube’s Stretch Reducing Process (2011)

The stretch reducing process is the last hot deformation process of the hot-rolled seamless steel tube’s production. Its role is to decrease the tube’s diameter under the large tension and expand the range of product specifications. But the stretch reducing process often results in wall thickness tolerance at the head and end of the tube. In order to solve the problem, a 3D elastic-plastic finite element analysis model was established to simulate the stretch reducing process of φ159 unit. Based on this, the tube’s wall thickness distribution was studied and the parameters of sharpen rolling process was put forward. Numerical simulation results indicate that with the parameters of sharpen rolling process, the length of wall thickness tolerance was shorten and the rate of finished products was proved.
Disparity in the production of lymphoblastogenesis inhibition factor by cultured human B and T lymphoid cell lines. (1975)

A comparative study of inhibitory effects of cell-free supernatants from cultured human B and T lymphoid cell lines on lymphocyte blastogenesis indicated that the inhibitory effect of supernatant from B lymphoid cells on lymphocyte blastogenesis was significantly higher than that of supernatant from T lymphoid cells or from non-lymphoid neoplastic cells. The inhibitory effect of supernatant was reversible and dose-related. The inhibitory effect gradually diminished with time when the supernatant from B lymphoid cells was added to the culture, 1-3 days after the beginning of cultures. The supernatant of human B lymphoid cells was also found to be highly active in affecting the mouse thymus cell response. The biological nature of this inhibitory factor has not been defined. Both B lymphoid cell lines used in the present study contained Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes while the T-cell line and the non-lymphoid neoplastic cell lines were free of EBV genomes. Sensitivity of the supernatant of B lymphoid cells to u.v. irradiation and heat suggests the possibility that the EBV genomes released into the culture medium may be responsible for inhibition of lymphocyte blastogenesis; resistance of this supernatant to DNase suggests that the EBV genomes may be double-stranded DNA.
A forward secure identity based encryption scheme with master key update (2008)

We propose an identity based encryption scheme with forward security. Especially in our scheme, the top secret, called the master key, updates as time evolves. Our scheme is provably secure in the sense of FS-IND-ID-CPA based on DBDH assumption in standard model.
Predictors of Long-Term Outcome in Patients with Well-Differentiated Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors After Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy with <sup>177</sup>Lu-Octreotate (2014)

The results of this study demonstrated the favorable response and long-term outcome of patients with G1/G2 GEP NET after PRRT. Independent predictors of survival were the Ki-67 index, the patient's performance status (Karnofsky performance scale score), the tumor burden, and the baseline neuron-specific enolase level. Even patients with a Ki-67 index of greater than 10% seemed to benefit from PRRT, with a good response and a notable long-term outcome. We present the first evidence, to our knowledge, that even in patients with metastatic disease the distinction between G1 and G2-in particular, between G1 (Ki-67 index of 1%-2%) and low-range G2 (Ki-67 index of 3%-10%)-provides prognostic stratification.
Oxygen Reduction Activity of a Copper Complex of 3,5‐Diamino‐1,2,4‐triazole Supported on Carbon Black (2008)

Gelungene Reduktion: Durch Abscheiden eines unlöslichen Kupfertriazolkomplexes auf einen Rußträger wird ein effizienter Katalysator für die Vierelektronenreduktion von O2 zu H2O erhalten. Dieser ist über einen pH-Bereich von 1 bis 13 in der Lage, Sauerstoff zu reduzieren, und die Reaktion setzt bei Potentialen von 0.86 V ein. Ex-situ-Messungen der magnetischen Suszeptibilität sprechen für das Vorliegen von mehreren Kupferzentren. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
<title>Development of a new contact-type piezoresistive micro-shear-stress sensor</title> (2002)

A prototype contact type micro piezoresistive shear-stress sensor that can be utilized to measure the shear stress between skin of stump and socket of Above-Knee (AK) prosthesis was designed, fabricated and tested. Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology has been chosen for the design because of the low cost, small size and adaptability to this application. In this paper, the Finite Element Method (FEM) package ANSYS has been employed for the stress analysis of the micro shear-stress sensors. The sensors contain two X-ducers that will transform the stresses into an output voltage. In the developed sensor, a 3000X3000X3000 micrometers (superscript 3/ square membrane is formed by bulk micromachining of an n-type <100> monolithic silicon. The piezoresistive strain gauges were implanted with boron ions with a dose of 10(superscript 15/ atoms/cm(superscript 2/. Static characteristics of the shear sensor were determined through a series of calibration tests. The fabricated sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 0.13mV/mA-Mpa for a 1.4N full scales shear force range and the overall mean hysteresis error is than 3.5%. In addition, the results simulated by FEM are validated by comparison with experimental investigations.
Detection of North American West Nile Virus in Animal Tissue by a Reverse Transcription-Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay (2001)

A traditional single-stage reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure is effective in determining West Nile (WN) virus in avian tissue and infected cell cultures. However, the procedure lacks the sensitivity to detect WN virus in equine tissue. We describe an RT-nested PCR (RT-nPCR) procedure that identifies the North American strain of WN virus directly in equine and avian tissues.
Effective dielectric constant of a two-component material with shape distribution (2002)

The effective dielectric constant of a two-component material is investigated. By considering the shape distribution of the components, we derive Maxwell-Garnett-type approximation, which has been established based on the reciprocity theorem (del Rio J A et al 1998 Solid State Commun. 106 183). Based on a self-consistent condition on the electric field (Bruggeman-type effective medium approximation), we obtain the well-known Lichtenecker's mixture formulae with α = 1/2. Moreover, we derive the differential effective medium approximation by taking into account the shape distribution. All these formulae are checked through the spectral density function and compared with previous bounds.
Alignment model adaptation for domain-specific word alignment (2005)

This paper proposes an alignment adaptation approach to improve domain-specific (in-domain) word alignment. The basic idea of alignment adaptation is to use out-of-domain corpus to improve in-domain word alignment results. In this paper, we first train two statistical word alignment models with the large-scale out-of-domain corpus and the small-scale in-domain corpus respectively, and then interpolate these two models to improve the domain-specific word alignment. Experimental results show that our approach improves domain-specific word alignment in terms of both precision and recall, achieving a relative error rate reduction of 6.56% as compared with the state-of-the-art technologies.
Higher-Order Lloyd Interferometer (1970)

The Lloyd moiré interferometer was introduced in Appl. Opt. 6, 1707 (1967), as a means of testing interferometrically a path across very large surfaces in oblique to grazing incidence. The width of the path is determined by the optics in use. For any sensible angle of incidence, the Lloyd interference fringes will be very narrowly spaced, but they are transformed into conveniently visible fringes by a moiré grating. The precision of the Lloyd moiré interferometer is limited by the very large angle of incidence and by the relatively poor definition of the moiré fringes. The objective of the present paper is to show an improved Lloyd interferometer technique, which with equally simple instrumentation permits one to vary and increase the sensitivity in testing large surfaces in oblique incidence by decreasing the angle of incidence.
Effect of CMOS driver loading conditions on simultaneous switching noise (1994)

A model for simultaneous switching noise (SSN) for CMOS including the effect of negative feedback and loading conditions is presented. A level 1, SPICE-type device model is used with V/sub TN/=|V/sub TP/| for the simulations. An analysis of the loading conditions is conducted since no prior knowledge of this is assumed in the design of the package. The sensitivity of SSN to the load capacitance is investigated. Equations defining a critical capacitance governing SSN are included. Output buffers normally drive receivers through bond wires, signal traces, pins, and the board traces. For the short trace, the output is modeled as a lumped inductance and for the long trace, as a transmission line. Such a condition at the output will alter the current that defines the noise. Equations are presented for the critical inductance and the transmission line characteristic impedance. Above these critical values, these parameters will tend to decrease the noise generated. Finally, a practical package structure is modeled which takes into account the effects of the total loading conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Smart Textile Based Facial EMG and EOG Computer Interface (2013)

This paper investigates a wearable approach to facial electromyography and electrooculography. The aim is to reduce discomfort and setup time in electromyographic research, rehabilitation, and computer control. A screen and stencil printed passive electrode network is fabricated on a textile headband. When this headband is worn, an array of stencil printed electrodes makes contact with the skin. The electrodes are connected to external electronics by screen printed flexible conductive tracks. The printed electrode headband is used in a facial electromyographic control system to evaluate performance. The system can be used to control a mouse cursor or simulate keyboard functions. It was found that 50 Hz noise levels in the printed textile electrodes were similar to commercial disposable electroencephalography electrodes. The effect of a wearable approach on pressure variations and motion artefact is examined. The way in which this influences the design and performance of the control system is discussed.
New Reactions of Organic Isocyanates. I. Reaction with Alkylene Carbonates (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Reactions of Organic Isocyanates. I. Reaction with Alkylene CarbonatesRYUICHIRO TSUZUKI, KIYOSHI ICHIKAWA, and MITSUO KASECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 6, 1009–1012Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01076a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01076a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views319Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An advanced affinity membrane for covalent binding of amino ligands. (1990)

We report here an advanced, chemically active and yet hydrolytically stable microporous membrane which allows permanent covalent binding of amino ligands such as proteins. Rapid, single-step immobilizations produce a high density of immobilized ligands. Surface chemistry of the membrane is specifically designed to have extremely low nonspecific binding. Binding characteristics of the UltraBind membrane, various immobilization techniques and optimum immobilization conditions for diagnostic immunoassays are described.
The hybrid scheduling framework for virtual machine systems (2009)

The virtualization technology makes it feasible that multiple guest operating systems run on a single physical machine. It is the virtual machine monitor that dynamically maps the virtual CPU of virtual machines to physical CPUs according to the scheduling strategy. The scheduling strategy in Xen schedules virtual CPUs of a virtual machines asynchronously while guarantees the proportion of the CPU time corresponding to its weight, maximizing the throughput of the system. However, this scheduling strategy may deteriorate the performance when the virtual machine is used to execute the concurrent applications such as parallel programs or multithreaded programs. In this paper, we analyze the CPU scheduling problem in the virtual machine monitor theoretically, and the result is that the asynchronous CPU scheduling strategy will waste considerable physical CPU time when the system workload is the concurrent application. Then, we present a hybrid scheduling framework for the CPU scheduling in the virtual machine monitor. There are two types of virtual machines in the system: the high-throughput type and the concurrent type. The virtual machine can be set as the concurrent type when the majority of its workload is concurrent applications in order to reduce the cost of synchronization. Otherwise, it is set as the high-throughput type as the default. Moreover, we implement the hybrid scheduling framework based on Xen, and we will give a description of our implementation in details. At last, we test the performance of the presented scheduling framework and strategy based on the multi-core platform, and the experiment result indicates that the scheduling framework and strategy is feasible to improve the performance of the virtual machine system.
Rapid Screening of Antioxidants in Pharmaceutical Formulation Development Using Cyclic Voltammetry - Potential And Limitations (2004)

Cyclic voltammetry (CV) is a unique technique for the electrochemical characterization of compounds by providing their oxidation/reduction potentials. This technique is widely used in evaluating antioxidants in the oil, food, diagnostic and agricultural industries; however, CV is rarely used in the development of pharmaceutical formulations. This review briefly describes the basic principles of CV and its application in other industries along with the potential and limitations of CV in the rapid evaluation of antioxidants in pharmaceutical formulations. An extensive survey of the literature shows that there is a good correlation between the oxidation potentials of various antioxidants and their antioxidant efficiency. In conclusion, CV should be useful in the development of pharmaceutical formulations where a small group of the preferred antioxidants is rapidly identified. This small group of the most preferred antioxidants can then be employed in a conventional drug stability study thereby providing a rapid approach for the selection of the most suitable antioxidant for a pharmaceutical formulation.
Review of Electrothermal Actuators and Applications (2019)

This paper presents a review of electrothermal micro-actuators and applications. Electrothermal micro-actuators have been a significant research interest over the last two decades, and many different designs and applications have been investigated. The electrothermal actuation method offers several advantages when compared with the other types of actuation approaches based on electrostatic and piezoelectric principles. The electrothermal method offers flexibility in the choice of materials, low-cost fabrication, and large displacement capabilities. The three main configurations of electrothermal actuators are discussed: hot-and-cold-arm, chevron, and bimorph types as well as a few other unconventional actuation approaches. Within each type, trends are outlined from the basic concept and design modifications to applications which have been investigated in order to enhance the performance or to overcome the limitations of the previous designs. It provides a grasp of the actuation methodology, design, and fabrication, and the related performance and applications in cell manipulation, micro assembly, and mechanical testing of nanomaterials, Radio Frequency (RF) switches, and optical Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS).
Retinoic Acid, Leaky Gut, and Autoimmune Diseases (2018)

A leaky gut has been observed in a number of autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that lupus mice also bear a leaky gut and that the intestinal barrier function can be enhanced by gut colonization of probiotics such as <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp<i>.</i> Retinoic acid (RA) can increase the relative abundance of <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. in the gut. Interestingly, RA has also been shown to strengthen the barrier function of epithelial cells in vitro and in the absence of probiotic bacteria. These reports bring up an interesting question of whether RA exerts protective effects on the intestinal barrier directly or through regulating the microbiota colonization. In this review, we will discuss the roles of RA in immunomodulation, recent literature on the involvement of a leaky gut in different autoimmune diseases, and how RA shapes the outcomes of these diseases.
Comparative Effects of Nicorandil, Nitroglycerin, Nicotinic Acid, and SG-86 on the Metabolic Status and Functional Recovery of the Ischemic-Reperfused Myocardium (1987)

The effects of nicorandil (SG-75), its major metabolite (SG-86), nitroglycerin, and nicotinic acid on myocardial segment shortening (% SS) and velocity of shortening (dL/dt, mm/s) were compared with those of a control group during 15 min of coronary occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion in anesthetized dogs. Piezoelectric crystals were used to measure % SS and dL/dt in regions perfused by the left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (LC) coronary arteries. The radioactive microsphere technique was used to measure regional myocardial blood flow, and arterial and coronary sinus blood samples were obtained for the determination of glucose and free fatty acids. All drugs were administered intravenously 30 min before and throughout the occlusion period. Nicorandil (25 μg/kg/min) and nitroglycerin (3 μg/kg/min) produced nearly equivalent reductions in the heart rate-systolic pressure product. Nicotinic acid (0.3 μg/kg/min) and SG-86 (50 μg/kg/min) had no hemodynamic effects. Nicotinic acid reduced free fatty acid uptake during occlusion and at 30 min of reperfusion, whereas the other three agents had no major effects on substrate utilization. During occlusion, % SS in the ischemic region was severely depressed; collateral blood flow was similar in each series. However, during reperfusion, the nicorandiland nicotinic acid-treated animals showed a marked improvement in % SS and dL/dt, as compared with those treated with saline (control), nitroglycerin, or SG-86. The mechanism(s) responsible for the beneficial actions of nicotinic acid and nicorandil in this model are unknown but may be partially related to the effect of nicotinic acid to reduce fatty acid uptake by the ischemic myocardium and the peripheral hemodynamic actions of nicorandil.
Pedestrian group tracking using the GM-PHD filter (2013)

A GM-PHD filter is used for pedestrian tracking in a crowdsurveillance application. The purpose is to keep track of thedifferent groups over time as well as to represent the shape ofthe groups and the number of people within the groups. In-put data to the GM-PHD filter are detections using a state ofthe art algorithm applied to video frames from the PETS 2012benchmark data. In a first step, the detections in the framesare converted from image coordinates to world coordinates.This implies that groups can be defined in physical units interms of distance in meters and speed differences in metersper second. The GM-PHD filter is a Bayesian framework thatdoes not form tracks of individuals. Its output is well suitedfor clustering of individuals into groups. The results demon-strate that the GM-PHD filter has the capability of estimatingthe correct number of groups with an accurate representationof their sizes and shapes.
Xylooligosaccharides: an economical prebiotic from agroresidues and their health benefits. (2015)

Oligosaccharides and dietary fibres are non-digestible food ingredients that preferentially stimulate the growth of prebiotic Bifidobacterium and other lactic acid bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract. Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) provide a plethora of health benefits and can be incorporated into several functional foods. In the recent times, there has been an over emphasis on the microbial conversion of agroresidues into various value added products. Xylan, the major hemicellulosic component of lignocellulosic materials (LCMs), represents an important structural component of plant biomass in agricultural residues and could be a potent bioresource for XOS. On an industrial scale, XOS can be produced by chemical, enzymatic or chemo-enzymatic hydrolysis of LCMs. Chemical methods generate XOS with a broad degree of polymerization (DP), while enzymatic processes will be beneficial for the manufacture of food grade and pharmaceutically important XOS. Xylooligomers exert several health benefits, and therefore, have been considered to provide relief from several ailments. This review provides a brief on production, purification and structural characterization of XOS and their health benefits.
Two-Step Superconducting Transition of a Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O System (1988)

The ac susceptibility χ=χ'- i χ'' was used for examining the superconducting nature of a two-step transition in a Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O specimen. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicates that the crystalline habit of our specimen is tetragonal ( a =3.81 Å, c =30.7 Å). Although both bulk and weakly coupled components appeared in the lower- T c phase of the sintered pellet, the latter phase was fully depressed by pulverization. The pulverization remarkably altered the transition profile of the higher- T c phase. The implications of these results are discussed.