gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virtual-Time Round-Robin: An O(1) Proportional Share Scheduler (2001)

Proportional share resource management provides a flexible and useful abstraction for multiplexing timeshared resources. However, previous proportional share mechanisms have either weak proportional sharing accuracy or high scheduling overhead. We present VirtualTime Round-Robin (VTRR), a proportional share scheduler that can provide good proportional sharing accuracy with O(1) scheduling overhead. VTRR achieves this by combining the benefits of fair queueing algorithms with a round-robin scheduling mechanism. Unlike many other schedulers, VTRR is simple to implement. We have implemented a VTRR CPU scheduler in Linux in less than 100 lines of code. Our performance results demonstrate that VTRR provides accurate proportional share allocation with constant, sub-microsecond scheduling overhead. The scheduling overhead using VTRR is two orders of magnitude less than the standard Linux scheduler for large numbers of clients.
Fracture-Dissociation of Ceramic Liner (2008)

The use of BIOLOX delta ceramic (CeramTec AG, Plochingen, Germany) has been increasing. This ceramic prevents cracking by restraining the phase transformation due to the insertion of nano-sized, yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia into the alumina matrix. This restrains the progress of cracking through the formation of platelet-like crystal or whiskers due to the addition of an oxide additive. We observed a case of BIOLOX delta ceramic liner (CeramTec AG) rim fracture 4 months postoperatively. Radiographs showed that the ceramic liner was subluxated from the acetabular cup. Scratches on the acetabular cup and femoral neck were seen, and the fracture was visible on the rim of the liner. Under electron microscope, metal particle coatings from the ceramic liner were identified. The ceramic liner, fracture fragments, and adjacent tissues were removed and replaced with a ceramic liner and femoral head of the same size and design. We believe the mechanism of the fracture-dissociation of the ceramic liner in this case is similar to a case of separation of the ceramic liner from the polyethylene shell in a sandwich-type ceramic-ceramic joint. To prevent ceramic liner fracture-dissociation, the diameter of the femoral neck needs to be decreased in a new design, while the diameter of the femoral head needs to be increased to ensure an increase in range of motion.
Target Analysis using a 4-D Representation based on Sub- Aperture Decomposition of SAR Images (2010)

In this paper we suggest a target analysis technique for SAR images using a 4-D representation based on sub-aperture decomposition. This work is based on target analysis using joint time frequency analysis (TFA). In the state-of-the-art techniques of TFA, an analysing window contains only the target of interest, but in the technique suggested in this paper a larger analysing window is used containing also the contextual information for target analysis. This method provides a visualization tool for differentiating diverse targets.
Picosecond nonlinear polarization switching with a fiber filter (1988)

We report ultrafast all-optical switching between two orthogonal linear polarizations in a periodically twisted, birefringent fiber filter.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Electrochemical Behaviour of Rhodium(III) Complexes Containing 1,2-Naphthoquinone-2-oxime and Formation of Imine Complexes through N−O Bond Cleavage (2001)

The new rhodium(III) complexes [Rh(η2-nqo)L2Cl2] (1a−1d) and [Rh(η2-nqo)2LCl] (2b−2d) [1a, L = PPh3; 1b,2b, L = pyridine (py); 1c,2c, L = 4-phenylpyridine (ppy); 1d,2d, L = 4-acetylpyridine (apy)] have been prepared by treatment of the reaction mixture of RhCl3·3H2O and 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-oxime (nqo) in ethanol by P or N donor ligands. Cyclic voltammetric studies show that the new complexes display an irreversible metal-localised two-electron reduction from RhIII to RhI, accompanied by the loss of the chloride ligands. The 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-imine (nqi) complexes [Rh(η2-nqo)(η2-nqi)Cl2]·L (3b−3d) (3b, L = py; 3c, L = ppy; 3d, L = apy), [Rh(η2-nqo)(η2-nqi)Cl2] (4) and [Rh(η2-nqo)2(nqi)Cl] (5) were obtained by deoxygenation of the oxime group in which N−O bond cleavage is observed. The molecular structures of 1a, 2b, 4 and 5 were established by single crystal X-ray analyses.
VoiKiosk (2008)

One of the several initiatives to bridge the digital divide in developing countries has been the deployment of information kiosks or knowledge centers in villages in rural parts of the country. These kiosks provide services ranging from email, chat and browsing to distance education programs, agricultural services and eGovernance services. A kiosk typically comprises of a computer with printer, web cam, multimedia system and Internet connectivity and is owned by a local entrepreneur. Moving away from the PC based kiosk model, we present an alternative platform to create and host such information kiosks in the telephony network. We call these as VoiKiosks and they are accessible through voice interaction over an ordinary phone call.
New anxiolytics in development. (1993)

Benzodiazepines (BDZ), the most popular drug of choice for treating anxiety disorders, present side-effects such as sedation, muscular disorders, abuse liability and synergistic effect with alcohol and CNS depressant drugs. At present, pharmacological research is focusing to find anxiolytic drugs as efficacious as benzodiazepines but without side-effects. This review reports the status of the pharmaceutical research and development on novel drugs for the treatment of anxiety disorders. A close analysis of the items selected by the N5C "Pharmaprojects" search (anxiolytic class) yielded the following classification: A) Drugs interacting with the GABA-A receptor complex, which includes BDZ-like drugs, partial BDZ agonists (beta-carbolines) and drugs interacting with the GABA-A complex through an as yet unidentified mechanism (15 compounds), B) Drugs acting as CCK-B antagonists (5 compounds), C) Drugs interacting with serotonergic function (30 compounds) subdivided into: (i) agonists at the 5-HT1A receptor, (ii) antagonists at the 5-HT2 receptor, and (iii) antagonists at the 5-HT3 receptor; D) Drugs with other mechanisms (22 compounds). Based on these results, it is not possible to identify a common mechanism through which the selected drugs under development exert their anxiolytic effect. Therefore, it appears that different biological mechanisms are specifically involved in the different anxiety disorders.
Physiological amyloid-beta clearance in the periphery and its therapeutic potential for Alzheimer’s disease (2015)

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The physiological capacity of peripheral tissues and organs in clearing brain-derived Aβ and its therapeutic potential for AD remains largely unknown. Here, we measured blood Aβ levels in different locations of the circulation in humans and mice, and used a parabiosis model to investigate the effect of peripheral Aβ catabolism on AD pathogenesis. We found that blood Aβ levels in the inferior/posterior vena cava were lower than that in the superior vena cava in both humans and mice. In addition, injected (125)I labeled Aβ40 was located mostly in the liver, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, and skin but very little in the brain; suggesting that Aβ derived from the brain can be cleared in the periphery. Parabiosis before and after Aβ deposition in the brain significantly reduced brain Aβ burden without alterations in the expression of amyloid precursor protein, Aβ generating and degrading enzymes, Aβ transport receptors, and AD-type pathologies including hyperphosphorylated tau, neuroinflammation, as well as neuronal degeneration and loss in the brains of parabiotic AD mice. Our study revealed that the peripheral system is potent in clearing brain Aβ and preventing AD pathogenesis. The present work suggests that peripheral Aβ clearance is a valid therapeutic approach for AD, and implies that deficits in the Aβ clearance in the periphery might also contribute to AD pathogenesis.
A new constant frequency zero voltage switching buck quasi-resonant converter (2002)

A new buck zero-voltage-switching quasi-resonant power converter operating at constant switching frequency is discussed. Its output voltage is regulated by controlling the freewheeling period of the resonant inductor. In addition to better controllability, it possesses the advantages of PWM and frequency-modulated power converters. The principle of operation, state-plane plots, steady-state characteristics, design procedure and simulation of this buck constant frequency zero-voltage-switching quasi-resonant power converter (CF-ZVS-QRC) are presented.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single and multiple ascending dose Phase 1 study to determine the safety, pharmacokinetics and food and faecal microbiome effects of ibezapolstat administered orally to healthy subjects (2020)

Ibezapolstat was shown to be safe and well tolerated, with minimal systemic exposure, high stool concentrations and a distinct microbiome profile compared with oral vancomycin. These results support further clinical development of ibezapolstat for patients with C. difficile infection.
Function, equipment, and field testing of a route guidance and information system for drivers (ALI) (1980)

Traffic flow has already been improved in the German autobahn network by guidance systems utilizing data collection and calculating forecasts. Some examples of this are the remote-controlled traffic signs in the autobahn network Rhein-Main, the congestion warning system on the Aichelherg, and the lane-controlling system of the Frankfurt-Cologne autobahn. An improvement of the prediction accuracy can be expected if the destinations of the vehicles are known. This is the basic idea of the interactive ALI system (guidance and information system for drivers). After indicating his destination, the driver receives individual information about how to reach the destination in the shortest and easiest way. By knowing the destination, the system can improve its prediction ability. At this time, such a system of approximately 100 km in length is being prepared on an autobahn network in the Ruhr area; it is being financially supported by the Federal Ministry of Research and Technology, the Federal Minister of Transport, and several participating authorities of Northrhein-Westfalia. At 83 cross sections all vehicles will he counted and data will be exchanged with the ALI vehicles. This enables one to receive automatic directional information for 32 autobahn exits. For testing purposes, 400 vehicles will he fitted with ALI units. After considering the current traffic situation, the central computer can arrive at a forecast for this partial stretch of the network. For example, if there is a threat of congestion, the computer can modify its program for directional information in the cross sections, thereby informing ALI vehicles as to traveling time, operating costs of the vehicles, as well as the danger of congestion, and the detour route. Large-scale testing began in mid-1979, accompanied by a series of tests. The effectiveness of the system, an analysis of cost-benefit, and the effect upon driver acceptance will he determined. The evaluation of the large-scale testing will he available by mid-1981. This project is being carried out by Blaupunkt-Werke, the consulting engineers Heusch/Boesefeldt, and the Voikswagenwerke A.G. It is supervised by the Technical Inspection Bureau (TÜV), Rheinland.
Active frequency selective surfaces with ferroelectric substrates (2001)

Computed responses of two cascaded FSS, modelled with intervening dielectrics that include one or two ferroelectric layers, show that switching is possible, over -0.5 dB bandwidths of about 8%, between states of high transmission and reflection, or between high absorption and reflection of incident electromagnetic waves. In these illustrative examples, the array elements are single ring slots with ferroelectric substrates composed of barium strontium titanate (BSTO) compounded with either magnesia or alumina.
Turbo-decoder quantization for UMTS (2001)

The use of turbo codes is proposed for high-rate data services in third generation wireless communication systems. Bit-true models are mandatory for hardware and software implementations. In this paper we present to the best of our knowledge the first investigation of a combined bit-width optimization of input data and internal data for an 8-state turbo-decoder based on parameters relevant for UMTS. Simulation results for AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels show that performance degradation can be held below 0.11 dB using a 4-bit input data quantization.
Non-Heme Iron Nitrosyls in Biology (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNon-Heme Iron Nitrosyls in BiologyAnthony R. Butler and Ian L. MegsonView Author Information School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9XD Scotland Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 4, 1155–1166Publication Date (Web):March 12, 2002Publication History Received31 May 2001Published online12 March 2002Published inissue 1 April 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr000076dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr000076dresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2543Altmetric-Citations301LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy,Iron,Peptides and proteins,Salts,Sodium Get e-Alerts
Semiconducting and Piezoelectric Oxide Nanostructures Induced by Polar Surfaces (2004)

Abstract Zinc oxide, an important semiconducting and piezoelectric material, has three key characteristics. First, it is a semiconductor, with a direct bandgap of 3.37 eV and a large excitation binding energy (60 meV), and exhibits near‐UV emission and transparent conductivity. Secondly, due to its non‐centrosymmetric symmetry, it is piezoelectric, which is a key phenomenon in building electro‐mechanical coupled sensors and transducers. Finally, ZnO is bio‐safe and bio‐compatible, and can be used for biomedical applications without coating. With these unique advantages, ZnO is one of the most important nanomaterials for integration with microsystems and biotechnology. Structurally, due to the three types of fastest growth directions—<0001>, <01 $ \bar 1 $ 0>, and <2 $ \bar 1 $ $ \bar 1 $ 0>—as well as the ±(0001) polar surfaces, a diverse group of ZnO nanostructures have been grown in our laboratory. These include nanocombs, nanosaws, nanosprings, nanorings, nanobows, and nanopropellers. This article reviews our recent progress in the synthesis and characterization of polar‐surface‐induced ZnO nanostructures, their growth mechanisms, and possible applications as sensors, transducers, and resonators. It is suggested that ZnO could be the next most important nanomaterial after carbon nanotubes.
Quantum Point Contacts (2005)

1. Quantized conductance 2. When 1 mode = 1 atom 3. Photons and Cooper pairs 4. Thermal analogues 5. Shot noise 6. Solid-state electron optics 7. Ultimate confinement 8. Landauer formulas
Semi-insulating blocked planar BH GaInAsP/InP laser with high power and high modulation bandwidth (1988)

A high-power, high-speed GaInAsP/InP laser operating at a 1.3μm wavelength is described. The laser is obtained with three epitaxial growth steps and has semi-insulating InP blocking layers resulting in low parasitic capacitance. A 3 dB bandwidth of 14.7 GHz together with 38 mW output power has been achieved.
RFID and smart spaces (2007)

RFID technology can be used in smart spaces to implement physical user interfaces. These user interfaces communicate the context-aware and pervasive services, which are available in the local environment to the user and allow the services to be activated easily. We present a general framework for activating services by touching RFID tags. The focus is on RFID icons, the visual representation on RFID tags, but we also discuss the middleware and the data stored on tags. We present several prototypes and the first usability tests as well.
Studies on the polymerization of bifunctional monomers. II. Polymerization of glutaraldehyde, (1962)

Abstract The polymerization of glutaraldehyde was carried out under various conditions. The soluble and fusible polymer fraction was isolated from the polymer which was obtained by using a triethylaluminum‐water complex as catalyst. This soluble polymer has very low aldehyde content. From these results as well as from the infrared‐spectroscopic observation it was confirmed that glutaraldehyde was converted to a polymer consisting of the α‐oxypyran ring as main chain unit through intramolecular‐intermolecular propagation mechanism.
Hollow Core Optical Fibers for Industrial Ultra Short Pulse Laser Beam Delivery Applications (2018)

Hollow core fibers were introduced many years ago but are now starting to be used regularly in more demanding applications. While first experiments mainly focused on the characterization and analysis of the fibers themselves, they are now implemented as a tool in the laser beam delivery. Owing to their different designs and implementations, different tasks can be achieved, such as flexible beam delivery, wide spectral broadening up to supercontinuum generation or intense gas-laser interaction over long distances. To achieve a constant result in these applications under varying conditions, many parameters of these fibers have to be controlled precisely during fabrication and implementation. A wide variety of hollow core fiber designs have been analyzed and implemented into a high-power industrial beam delivery and their performance has been measured.
Design, Deployment and Evaluation of a Clinical Information System which uses Mobile Computers and Workstations (2002)

Modern computer technologies, such as telemedicine, have been successfully introduced in medical practice. However, whereas in an office-like environment, an integration of computers is uncomplicated, it is quite difficult to accommodate computers in an environment, where medical staff working at the point of care needs to be highly mobile. In this environment, computers need to be highly mobile, too, and have to operate in many different situation. In this paper we study a prototype of a clinical information system (CIS). We focus on the support of mobility in a CIS in order to bolster cooperation and communication between medical personnel. We examine possible mobile computer technologies for a CIS and we develop a taxonomy of graphical elements for input of medical data (we use these elements in the prototype CIS). The use of this prototype was carried out under the conditions of a field study on a real hospital ward. The results of the field study and the evaluation are presented.
Hydrogen-bonding networks and RNA bases revealed by cryo electron microscopy suggest a triggering mechanism for calcium switches (2011)

Helical assemblies such as filamentous viruses, flagella, and F-actin represent an important category of structures in biology. As the first discovered virus, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was at the center of virus research. Previously, the structure of TMV was solved at atomic detail by X-ray fiber diffraction but only for its dormant or high-calcium-concentration state, not its low-calcium-concentration state, which is relevant to viral assembly and disassembly inside host cells. Here we report a helical reconstruction of TMV in its calcium-free, metastable assembling state at 3.3 Å resolution by cryo electron microscopy, revealing both protein side chains and RNA bases. An atomic model was built de novo showing marked differences from the high-calcium, dormant-state structure. Although it could be argued that there might be inaccuracies in the latter structure derived from X-ray fiber diffraction, these differences can be interpreted as conformational changes effected by calcium-driven switches, a common regulatory mechanism in plant viruses. Our comparisons of the structures of the low- and high-calcium states indicate that hydrogen bonds formed by Asp116 and Arg92 in the place of the calcium ion of the dormant (high-calcium) state might trigger allosteric changes in the RNA base-binding pockets of the coat protein. In turn, the coat protein-RNA interactions in our structure favor an adenine-X-guanine (A*G) motif over the G*A motif of the dormant state, thus offering an explanation underlying viral assembly initiation by an AAG motif.
An ALU-based programmable MISR/pseudorandom generator for a MC68HC11 family self-test (2002)

This paper describes an ALU-based self-test system implemented on a MC68HC11 Family microcontroller. A fully programmable pseudorandom pattern generator and multiple input signature register are used to reduce test lengths and aliasing probabilities. Design constraints and goals are described along with a detailed description of an efficient method of using the ALU to implement the self-test functions. Systems usage and burn-in applications are also described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mobility aware application manager for mobile networks (2008)

Mobility aware applications have been proposed several times in the past in order to compensate for the weakness of the standard IP model in a mobile environment. Such applications are aware of the network conditions and are able to adapt themselves to such variable conditions. They can even get involved into flow routing and interface management. The solutions proposed by literature are mainly related to applications embedded into mobile nodes. This paper proposes a novel architecture that takes into account mobile network specificities and aims to propose a unified common interface for these applications.
[Detection of adenovirus antigens using immunoenzyme analysis]. (1990)

An enzyme immunoassay test system has been developed for detection of adenovirus antigens, based on avidin--biotin interaction. It is highly sensitive, specific, and effective: it detected adenovirus antigens in 15 percent of 196 patients with acute respiratory diseases (nasopharyngeal washings and aspirates were under study).