gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The antioxidative function, preventive action on disease and utilization of proanthocyanidins (2004)

Proanthocyanidins, which belong to a class of polyphenols, are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. Most people ingest trace amounts of proanthocyanidins through foods such as red wine and cranberry juice. However, the functional properties of proanthocyanidins have been little understood. Since 1983, we have studied the antioxidative functions, preventive actions on diseases and utilization of proanthocyanidins. The antioxidative activities of proanthocyanidins were found to be much stronger than vitamin C or vitamin E in aqueous systems. The mechanisms for their antioxidative actions were shown to involve radical scavenging, quenching, and enzyme-inhibiting actions. The preventive actions of proanthcyanidins on diseases relating to reactive oxygen species was examined using animal tests. Proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract was showed to have preventive actions on diseases such as atherosclerosis, gastric ulcer, large bowel cancer, cataracts and diabetes. In human intervention trials, grape seed extract was shown to have preventive effects on the increase in lipid peroxides in human plasma after exercise and on muscle fatigue after training. The uses and manufacturing techniques of proanthocyanidin products were subsequently developed. The products were launched as antioxidants in food additives, ingredients in nutritional supplements, and cosmetics.
ALL-POLYMER FET BASED ON SIMPLE PHOTOLITHOGRAPHIC MICRO-PATTERNING OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING POLYMER (2003)

We fabricated All-polymer FET (field effect transistor) whose substrate, insulating layer, active layer, and electrodes were composed of the organic polymeric materials. Active layer and all electrodes were made by the simple photolithographic micro-patterning of the electrically conducting poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene). We figured out source-drain current (ISD) of the FET decreased with increase of the positive gate voltage (VG), implying the p-type FET worked in the depletion mode. Turn-off gate voltage, trans-conductance and on/off ratio were measured to be +30 V, −1.2 µA/V, and 104, respectively. We believe the All-polymer FET has significant advantages over other existing organic FETs since the device can be fabricated by the simple process at room temperature.
Spore proteomics: the past, present and the future (2014)

Endospores are metabolically dormant, multi-layered cellular structures formed by Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genera Bacillus, Clostridium and related organisms. Their external layers are composed of proteins which in part play a role in the resistance behaviour of spores to varied chemical and environmental assaults. Thus, protein analysis is of major interest in spore biology. Spore proteomic studies have been carried out previously but these studies have focused on the soluble coat protein fraction. Using gel-based techniques, protein identification and analysis were performed. Mass spectrometry-driven proteomics has opened new avenues to resolve in particular the insoluble part of the spore layer proteomes. Mass spectrometry-based qualitative and quantitative proteomics methods expand the knowledge about both the actual composition and the amount of proteins in their various layers. The techniques can also be used to study the integrity of the layers as well as spore biology in general. This notion is explored concisely in this mini-review.
Click chain model in web search (2009)

Given a terabyte click log, can we build an efficient and effective click model? It is commonly believed that web search click logs are a gold mine for search business, because they reflect users' preference over web documents presented by the search engine. Click models provide a principled approach to inferring user-perceived relevance of web documents, which can be leveraged in numerous applications in search businesses. Due to the huge volume of click data, scalability is a must.We present the click chain model (CCM), which is based on a solid, Bayesian framework. It is both scalable and incremental, perfectly meeting the computational challenges imposed by the voluminous click logs that constantly grow. We conduct an extensive experimental study on a data set containing 8.8 million query sessions obtained in July 2008 from a commercial search engine. CCM consistently outperforms two state-of-the-art competitors in a number of metrics, with over 9.7% better log-likelihood, over 6.2% better click perplexity and much more robust (up to 30%) prediction of the first and the last clicked position.
45.3: Automatic Adjustment Method of Parameters in CRT Interface Circuit for LCD Monitor (1998)

Abstract For 13.3‐inches diagonal XGA Super TFT‐LCD monitor with the CRT interface, we have developed automatic adjustment method of parameters in A/D conversion circuit, for example offset, gain, phase and frequency. Therefore, this TFT‐LCD monitor can provide with high quality display with easy control.
Phase I dose-escalation study of the safety and pharmacokinetics of atrasentan: an endothelin receptor antagonist for refractory prostate cancer. (2003)

Atrasentan is well tolerated, with no dose-limiting adverse events observed up to 95 mg. Adverse events are consistent with the vasodilatory effect of the drug. PK are linear and dose-proportional; the half-life is appropriate for once-daily dosing.
Asthma Education, Action Plans, Psychosocial Issues and Adherence (1999)

This article deals with four separate but not disparate topics. The first section discusses asthma education, reviews the current literature and attempts to challenge some of the dogma that is associated with this area. Knowledge alone does not guarantee appropriate behaviour, due to a variety of adverse socioeconomic and psychological factors that need to be considered for each patient. Action plans and peak flow monitoring have both been disappointing in terms of reducing asthma morbidity; the former needs to be individualized, and the latter may be useful in specific situations. Space precludes an in-depth discussion of psychological issues and adherence, but an attempt has been made to address salient issues, particularly related to the first two topics. Psychological factors, especially anxiety, play an important role in asthma outcome. Adherence to medication prescriptions and other management strategies need to be taken into account when an individual's treatment program is planned.
Rapid detection of fungi in tissues using calcofluor white and fluorescence microscopy. (1984)

Rapid intraoperative examination of tissues for fungi is important for the surgical control of infection. Staining of frozen or paraffin-embedded tissues with calcofluor white (CFW) is a rapid nonspecific method for the identification of fungal infection. When viewed with a fluorescence microscope, fungal elements stained with CFW are sharply delineated from surrounding tissue and easily identified. Calcofluor white also stains tissue elements such as keratin, collagen, and elastin, which provide useful landmarks for the examination. To a much lesser degree, bacteria are also stained with CFW.
THE SCHOOL NURSE PRACTITIONER PROGRAM: A NEW CONCEPT IN PROVIDING HEALTH CARE (1971)

1Program DIrector 2Co-Director School Nurse Practitioner Program,University of Colorado Medical Center
Fermionic Hopf solitons and Berry phase in topological surface superconductors (2011)

An interesting phenomenon in many-body physics is that quantum statistics may be an emergent property. This was first noted in the Skyrme model of nuclear matter, where a theory of a bosonic order parameter field contains fermionic excitations. These excitations are smooth field textures and are believed to describe neutrons and protons. We argue that a similar phenomenon occurs in topological insulators when superconductivity gaps out their surface states. Here, a smooth texture is naturally described by a three-component vector. Two components describe superconductivity, while the third captures the band topology. Such a vector field can assume a ``knotted'' configuration in three-dimensional space---the Hopf texture---that cannot smoothly be unwound. Here we show that the Hopf texture is a fermion. To describe the resulting state, the regular Landau-Ginzburg theory of superconductivity must be augmented by a topological Berry phase term. When the Hopf texture is the cheapest fermionic excitation, unusual consequences for tunneling experiments on mesoscopic samples are predicted. This framework directly generalizes the phenomenon of period doubling of Josephson effect to three-dimensional topological insulators with surface superconductivity.
Differential Growth of the Mouse Preimplantation Embryo in Chemically Defined Media1 (1994)

We have recently reported the use of sequential simplex optimization methods to design a medium (SOM) that overcomes the block to development beyond two cells which occurs in vitro in embryos from an outbred strain of mouse. We have examined this medium and several others for their ability to foster development of CF1 female x B6D2F1 male mouse embryos through the blastocyst stage. A modification of medium SOM, designated KSOM, with an increased concentration of K+ (2.5 mM), also supports growth beyond the two-cell block; compared to other media tested it produces a higher rate of compaction (100%), provides a larger yield of blastocysts (88%), and stimulates an increased rate of cell division of the trophoblast cells. The total cell number of KSOM-cultured blastocysts (44 +/- 12; n = 30) indicates that 5-6 cell divisions are possible when embryos are cultured for 96 h from pronuclear zygotes. This is a significant improvement in performance over that of other defined media for the culture of zygotes to blastocysts.
Taking design seriously (1990)

A workshop was held in Seattle on April 1st in conjunction with the CHI'90 conference. The call for participation in the workshop asked for position papers from individuals that described techniques found useful in some way in carrying out HCI design. For the purpose of the workshop, an intentionally broad view of what was considered as a technique was used (e.g., position papers that addressed design process, task-analysis methodologies, and skills-necessary for design, were all considered as addressing techniques). In this report we present an overview of the workshop. Additional reports of subgroup discussions, focused on some of the major themes that emerged during the day, are presented in papers by Braudes, Hix and Casaday, Carter, and Notess.
REVIEWS (1964)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access The New Commonwealth and its Constitutions. S. A. de Smith Stevens. pp 312.45s. GEOFFREY MARSHALL GEOFFREY MARSHALL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Parliamentary Affairs, Volume XVII, Issue 3, March 1963, Pages 352–353, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pa.a053924 Published: 01 March 1963
A Technique for Multiuser and Intercarrier Interference Reduction in Multiple-Antenna Multiuser OFDM Downlink (2007)

We propose a two-stage precoder/equalizer to suppress intercarrier interference (ICI) and multiuser interference (MUI) in downlink multiuser OFDM with multiple transmit antennas. The first stage, non-linear Tomlinson-Harashima preceding (THP) at the base station (BS) transmitter, mitigates the effect of the spatial inter-stream interference caused by transmission from multiple transmit antennas to decentralized users. In the second stage, each user's receiver employs low- complexity iterative linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) equalization to suppress the ICI due to frequency offset. Our proposed technique virtually eliminates the bit error rate (BER) degradation due to normalized frequency offsets as high as 10%.
ATTITUDES TOWARDS AND KNOWLEDGE OF OCCUPATIONAL SKIN DISEASE AMONGST SUPPORT PERSONNEL (1990)

Liaison with support personnel is important in the management of workers with occupational skin disease (OSD). This study shows that there are many areas of concern regarding the knowledge and understanding of OSD in these groups. There needs to be a comprehensive education programme concerning OSD within the working community and support personnel. Dermatologists need to simplify their "language' in the reporting of OSD. Insurers need to take a more sympathetic attitude towards the partially fit worker. Rehabilitation personnel must become more familiar with OSD.
Charge-Controlled Switchable CO<sub>2</sub> Capture on Boron Nitride Nanomaterials (2013)

Increasing concerns about the atmospheric CO2 concentration and its impact on the environment are motivating researchers to discover new materials and technologies for efficient CO2 capture and conversion. Here, we report a study of the adsorption of CO2, CH4, and H2 on boron nitride (BN) nanosheets and nanotubes (NTs) with different charge states. The results show that the process of CO2 capture/release can be simply controlled by switching on/off the charges carried by BN nanomaterials. CO2 molecules form weak interactions with uncharged BN nanomaterials and are weakly adsorbed. When extra electrons are introduced to these nanomaterials (i.e., when they are negatively charged), CO2 molecules become tightly bound and strongly adsorbed. Once the electrons are removed, CO2 molecules spontaneously desorb from BN absorbents. In addition, these negatively charged BN nanosorbents show high selectivity for separating CO2 from its mixtures with CH4 and/or H2. Our study demonstrates that BN nanomaterials are excellent absorbents for controllable, highly selective, and reversible capture and release of CO2. In addition, the charge density applied in this study is of the order of 10(13) cm(-2) of BN nanomaterials and can be easily realized experimentally.
S-1-associated hand-foot syndrome as a prognostic factor in patients with metastatic breast cancer (2015)

Purpose: S-1, an orally administered fluorinated pyrimidine (FP), is reported to be effective for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Although capecitabine, another oral FP, is widely accepted as the third-line chemotherapy for MBC, many patients treated with capecitabine suffer from hand-foot syndrome (HFS). HFS also affects survival in patients with metastatic colorectal and breast cancer. We retrospectively evaluated the potential association of HFS and survival in patients with MBC receiving S-1. Methods: Forty-four patients with MBC treated with S-1 between 2005 and 2012 were analyzed. S-1 was administered at a standard dose of 50 mg/body twice daily for 4 weeks, followed by a 2-week interval. Partly, the drug was administered for 2 weeks, followed by a one-week interval. Trastuzumab (2 mg/kg/week) was added to the regimen for HER2-positive patients. Results: The median follow-up period was 25.8 months and 12 patients (27.3%) developed HFS. Grade (G) 1 HFS was observed in 9 patients (20.5%) and G2 in 3 patients (6.8%). No G3/4 HFS was observed. Baseline demographic characteristics were comparable between the HFS and non-HFS patient groups. The HFS group showed a superior response rate (50.0% vs. 9.4%; P=0.0046), and improved median PFS (9.8 vs. 4.7 months; log-rank P=0.0446) and OS (51.5 vs. 17.5 months; logrank P=0.0196). In multivariate analysis, HFS is the only and independent prognostic factor (HR 2.93; 95% CI, 1.12 to 9.27; P=0.0269) of OS. Conclusion: HFS observed in patients with S-1 not only correlates with an antitumor effect, but is also an independent prognostic factor.
Leuprolide: A Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog for the Palliative Treatment of Prostatic Cancer (1986)

Leuprolide is the first member of the class of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist analog to be released in the U.S. The pharmacology of leuprolide is complex and not yet completely defined. This agonist analog is more potent than natural GnRH and appears to be capable of occupying pituitary GnRH receptors. This results in a "down regulation" of the receptors' activity and gonadotropin release, ultimately decreasing serum testosterone levels to those seen following castration. Leuprolide has been found effective in the palliative treatment of advanced cases of prostatic cancer and is not associated with the cardiovascular and thromboembolic toxicity seen with conventional diethylstilbestrol therapy. Leuprolide is administered by daily subcutaneous injections and has been generally well tolerated. The most common adverse effects are hot flashes and a possible flare-up of prostatic carcinoma symptoms on initial dosing. As clinical experience grows in the use of GnRH agonist analog, GnRH will assume a greater role in the treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer.
InP/GaInAsP phase-shifted Mach-Zehnder modulator for wavelength-independent (1530-1560 nm) performance in 10 Gbit/s transmission over dispersive fiber (2002)

Mach-Zehnder modulators are attractive components for high-bit-rate data transmission over standard dispersive fiber because they allow for the adjustment of the value and sign of the frequency chirp. Recently, it has been shown that the use of an InP/GaInAsP /spl pi/-phase-shifted Mach-Zehnder modulator driven in a push-pull configuration scheme led to negatively chirped signals with a propagation distance of about 120 km at 10 Gbit/s at a wavelength of 1560 nm. We investigate its use in the simple single-arm modulation scheme and perform the 10 Gbit/s transmission experiments at various wavelengths (1530-1560 nm) in order to check its compatibility as a modulator within a wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) source. The vertical structure of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is composed of an undoped 20 multiple quantum well waveguide layer (GaInAsP/InP).
A STUDY OF THE CHANGES TAKING PLACE IN WHISKEY STORED IN WOOD. (1908)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA STUDY OF THE CHANGES TAKING PLACE IN WHISKEY STORED IN WOOD.C. A. Crampton and L. M. TolmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1908, 30, 1, 98–136Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1908Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1908https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01943a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01943a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views289Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AlGaInP double heterostructure visible-light laser diodes with a GaInP active layer grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (1987)

AlGaInP double heterostructure laser diodes with a GaInP active layer constitute a basic laser structure for visible-light lasers using an AlGaInP alloy system. This paper gives a detailed description of (Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> ) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</inf> In <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</inf> P metalorganic vapor phase epitaxial growth, laser-fabrication processes, and basic device-characteristics for these lasers. The obtained pulsed-threshold-current was about 3.8 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (3.2 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> minimum) for laser diodes with an <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8-10 \mu</tex> m wide and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">150-300 \mu</tex> m long injection stripe. High characteristic-temperature T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> for the temperature dependence of pulsed threshold current was obtained and was found to be dependent on band-gap-energy differences between active layers and cladding layers. The maximum value for T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> was 222 K. The lasing wavelength of an AlGaInP double heterostructure laser diode with a GaInP active layer was found to depend on growth conditions and dopant behavior during the growth, and it varied in a range from 664 to 690 nm, while the GaInP active layers were lattice-matched to GaAs substrates. This lasing wavelength difference caused by a crystal growth-condition difference, including a dopant effect, can be explained by the Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</inf> In <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</inf> P band-gap-energy difference due to the crystal structure difference of Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</inf> In <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</inf> P. Lasing operations (3-5 mW) over 2000 h at room temperature without significant degradation were obtained, demonstrating the highly promising nature of visible-light laser diodes using an AlGaInP alloy system.
High Energy Storage Efficiency Triboelectric Nanogenerators with Unidirectional Switches and Passive Power Management Circuits (2018)

Abstract The high‐voltage and low‐current output characteristics of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) make itself difficult for directly powering small electronic devices. A power management circuit (PMC) is indispensable to address the impedance mismatch issue. In this paper, a TENG with a unidirectional switch (TENG‐UDS) is developed, which can provide the maximized output energy regardless of the load resistance. A passive PMC with a simple structure and high energy storage efficiency is designed based on this TENG‐UDS, which is made up of all passive electronic components, including an inductor, a diode, and a capacitor. Theoretical calculations show that the theoretical energy storage efficiency of the passive PMC can reach 75.8%. In the actual experiment of charging a capacitor, the measured energy storage efficiency can reach 48.0%. It is demonstrated that the electronic watch and high‐brightness quantum dot light‐emitting diode can be driven by using the TENG‐UDS with the passive PMC, which cannot be achieved without the PMC. The passive PMC for TENG‐UDS has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, and high energy storage efficiency, which provides a promising method for the power management and practical application of TENG.