gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plane-wave Q deconvolution (1985)

Abstract Often the information content of measured signals from distance sources is hidden, because the signal distorts, weakens, and loses resolution as it propagates. For seismic energy traveling in the earth, these propagation effects can be approximated by the constant (frequency-independent) Q model for attenuation and dispersion. For a propagating plane wave, this model leads to a spatial attenuation factor that is an unbounded function of frequency. Consequently, the broadband inverse of the constant-Q filter does not exist. For a fixed distance between the source and receiver the effects of the propagation path can be deconvolved (removed) within the seismic band by reversing the propagation of the plane wave. This propagation reversal is done by a time reversal with Q replaced by -Q, thereby changing absorption to gain in the complex wavenumber.Normally, measured seismic traces contain returns from a variety of depths. The interference of waves with different amounts of attenuation complicates the inversion process. From a superposition of plane waves with reversed propagation, a general inverse to an attenuation earth filter is proposed. To account for the increased attenuation with depth, the plane-wave inverse filter is now time-varying. This time-varying inverse filter has a simple Fourier integral representation where the wavenumber is complex, and the direction of propagation is chosen such that the wave is growing rather than attenuating with distance. To control the wavelet side lobes a frequency-domain window function (Hanning window) is applied to the trace. This two-step plane-wave deconvolution scheme was demonstrated to be superior to conventional deconvolution procedures. Tests with field data indicate the method is effective in removing attenuation effects from both VSP (Vertical Seismic Profile) and surface measurements. Phase distortions are eliminated and interference between events is reduced within the seismic band.This inverse is nearly exact for events where the time-bandwidth (propagation time-signal bandwidth) product is less than the effective Q. For depths where the time-bandwidth product is greater than Q eff large wavelet side lobes appear. The wavelet side lobes can be partially suppressed by tapering the edges of the spectrum. However, the large side lobes of wavelets from shallow reflectors limit the bandwidth that can be recovered from the deeper events to aproximately 2Q eff /t, where t is the propagation time to the event. Advances in the inversion algorithm (e.g., a Wiener filter could be used in place of the Hanning window to control side lobes) could probably improve upon our results, but in most cases even a small amount of measurement noise limits the reflection sequences to time-bandwidth products that are less than twice the effective Q.
Novel mask qualification methodology with die-to-database wafer inspection system (2009)

Turn around time (TAT) of mask qualification is one of the most important factors for high-end mask installation to LSI production lines. Accurate mask qualification with shorter TAT for mask process updates brings about steep rampup of LSI volume production. In this paper, an innovative approach is described for mask qualification with a die-todatabase (D2DB) inspection system that can accomplish both qualification accuracy and short TAT in low k1 lithography. The D2DB inspection system, NGR2100[1], has features satisfying the above requirements owing to larger field of view (FOV) and higher probe current than those of CD-SEM. Compared with the conventional optical inspection tool, the system provided higher accuracy in extracting fatal defects called "hotspots". Also, hotspots extracted by the system covered all killer hotspots extracted by electrical and physical analysis [2]. The contours of hotspots extracted by NGR2100 are transferred to GDS data format to compare hotspots between conventional mask process and updated mask process. If the differences between the contours are within an assumed tolerance, the system provides the qualification for updated mask process. As a result, qualification TAT was reduced by as much as two months compared with the conventional electrical qualification on wafers.
Radiation Characteristics Enhancement of Dielectric Resonator Antenna Using Solid/Discrete Dielectric Lenses (2015)

The radiation characteristics of the dielectric resonator antennas (DRA) is enhanced using different types of solid and discrete dielectric lenses. One of these approaches is by loading the DRA with planar superstrate, spherical lens, or by discrete lens (transmitarray). The dimensions and dielectric constant of each lens are optimized to maximize the gain of the DRA. A comparison between the radiations characteristics of the DRA loaded with different lenses are introduced. The design of the dielectric transmitarray depends on optimizing the heights of the dielectric material of the unit cell. The optimized transmitarray achieves 7 dBi extra gain over the single DRA with preserving the circular polarization. The proposed antenna is suitable for various applications that need high gain and focused antenna beam.
Minocycline and Tetracycline Treatment of Acute Falciparum Malaria in Thailand (1972)

The purpose of this study was to evalute the antimalarial action of a new tetracycline analogue, minocycline, which is more potent and has a broader antibacterial spectrum than tetracycline. The study was conducted in an area endemic for chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria. Acutely ill residents infected with P. falciparum were alternately assigned to one of two treatment groups. Subjects in one group were given 540 mg of quinine base, thrice daily for 3 days followed by 100 mg of minocycline, twice daily for 7 days. Subjects in the other group were given a similar course of quinine followed by 250 mg of tetracycline, 4 times daily for 10 days. Presumptive radical cures were achieved in all 29 patients treated with quinine-tetracycline and in 27 of 28 treated with quinine-minocycline. No significant toxic side-effects were observed. Although both treatments were highly effective, further studies are warranted to determine the optimal duration and dosage of minocycline and its potential human toxicity.
Earthquake Prediction Program and the People's Republic of China (1971)

At five o'clock in the morning of March 8, 1966, a devastating earthquake struck a rural area near Hsingtai, Hopei Province, 300 km southwest of Peking. Although the magnitude was only 6.8 the damage was severe and widespread; over thirty communes in four counties were seriously affected. The official death toll is not available, but, if the village of Sha Wan (which I visited) 30 km from the epicenter is typical, it must have been considerable. Seventy percent of the houses in Sha Wan collapsed and the rest were unfit to live in. Virtually all of its 330 families were left homeless. However, with extensive help from the army and inspiration from the visit of Premier Chou En‐lai, the people of Sha Wan and the other damaged villages quickly rebuilt their houses while they continued their agricultural work. This time they built with brick, mortar, and large wooden beams rather than with mud. Now the area is more prosperous than it was before the earthquake.
Benefit Finding in Response to BRCA1/2 Testing (2008)

Findings suggest that positive life changes can occur among women who test positive for BRCA1/2 mutations, particularly cancer survivors.
Confocal Microscopic Analysis of Scarless Repair in the Fetal Rat (2002)

Fetal wounds pass from scarless repair to healing with scar formation during gestation. This transition depends on both the size of the wound and the gestational age of the fetus. This study defines the transition period in the fetal rat model and provides new insight into scarless collagen wound architecture by using confocal microscopy. A total of 16 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were operated on. Open full-thickness wounds, 2 mm in diameter, were created on fetal rats at gestational ages 14.5 days (E14; n = 10), 16.5 days (E16; n = 42), and 18.5 days (E18; n = 42) (term = 21.5 days). Wounds were harvested at 24 (n = 18 per gestational age) and 72 hours (n = 24 per gestational age). Skin at identical gestational ages to wound harvest was used for controls. The wounds were fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, antibody to type I collagen, and Sirius red for confocal microscopic evaluation. No E14 rat fetuses survived to wound harvest. Wounds created on E16 fetal rats healed completely and without scarring. E16 fetal rat hair follicle formation and collagen architecture was similar to that of normal, nonwounded skin. Wounds created on E18 fetal rats demonstrated slower healing; only 50 percent were completely healed at 72 hours compared with 100 percent of the E16 fetal rat wounds at 72 hours. Furthermore, the E18 wounds healed with collagen scar formation and without hair follicle formation. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that the collagen fibers were thin and arranged in a wispy pattern in E16 fetal rat wounds and in nonwounded dermis. E18 fetal rat wounds had thickened collagen fibers with large interfiber distances. Two-millimeter excisional E16 fetal rat wounds heal without scar formation and with regeneration of normal dermal and epidermal appendage architecture. E18 fetal rat wounds heal in a pattern similar to that of adult cutaneous wounds, with scar formation and absence of epidermal appendages. Confocal microscopy more clearly defined the dermal architecture in normal skin, scarless wounds, and scars. These data further define the transition period in the fetal rat wound model, which promises to be an effective system for the study of in vivo scarless wound healing.
[Echo-sclerotherapy of the external saphenous vein]. (1991)

Echo-sclerotherapy involves the injection of a sclerosing agent into an incompetent varicose vein under ultrasonographic control. This method can be used in the treatment of all varicose veins of the legs but is of particular value when clinical examination is insufficient or difficult because of the large number of anatomical varieties encountered or when the patient is obese and sclerosing injections alone then become difficult. It is chiefly indicated at neurovascular junction sites since injections are much safer because of twin visual control of the syringe and in situ on the ultrasonographic screen. Used during injections of the sapheno-popliteal junction, a region considered to be dangerous, it should enable avoidance of extremely serious complications of sclerosing injections and more particularly that of intra-arterial injection.
The Action of p-Toluidine and p-Phenylenediamine on Substituted Nitrostyrenes (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Action of p-Toluidine and p-Phenylenediamine on Substituted NitrostyrenesDavid E. Worrall and Frederic BeningtonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 12, 2844–2845Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01279a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01279a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
EPR Characterization of Axial Bond in Metal Center of Native and Cobalt-substituted Guanylate Cyclase (1999)

The nature of the metal-proximal base bond of soluble guanylate cyclase from bovine lung was examined by EPR spectroscopy. When the ferrous enzyme was mixed with NO, a new species was transiently produced and rapidly converted to a five-coordinate ferrous NO complex. The new species exhibited the EPR signal of six-coordinate ferrous NO complex with a feature of histidine-ligated heme. The histidine ligation was further examined by using the cobalt protoporphyrin IX-substituted enzyme. The Co2+-substituted enzyme exhibited EPR signals of a broad g perpendicular;1 component and a g;1 component with a poorly resolved triplet of 14N superhyperfine splittings, which was indicative of the histidine ligation. These EPR features were analogous to those of alpha-subunits of Co2+-hemoglobin in tense state, showing a tension on the iron-histidine bond of the enzyme. The binding of NO to the Co2+-enzyme markedly stimulated the cGMP production by forming the five-coordinate NO complex. We found that N3- elicited the activation of the ferric enzyme by yielding five-coordinate high spin N3- heme. These results indicated that the activation of the enzymes was initiated by NO binding to the metals and proceeded via breaking of the metal-histidine bonds, and suggested that the iron-histidine bond in the ferric enzyme heme was broken by N3- binding.
Design and simulation of a multilayer Halbach magnet for<scp>NMR</scp> (2015)

ABSTRACT Halbach magnet is a type of permanent magnet generating a relatively high and homogeneous magnetic field. It is suitable for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) studies of small volume chemical or biological samples. In this article, the model of a Halbach magnet made from an odd number of cylindrical layers is proposed for the first time. Then after the optimization of interlayer distances for odd layers Halbach cylinders, the model is verified by the simulation with a magnet inner radius of 30 mm and an outer radius of 49 mm. Moreover, the disturbance of uniformity in 5 mm DSV (Diameter of Spherical Volume) is presented with errors in magnetic strength and angular variation. As a result, a minimum uniformity of 46 ppm inside a 5 mm DSV is achieved, while it increases practically in the presence of magnetic blocks errors. The good performance of the Halbach magnet with odd layers may find potential applications in NMR. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 45B: 134–141, 2015
Feature correspondence using probabilistic data association (1993)

A complete algorithm for feature point correspondence of a long sequence of images is presented. First, feature points are extracted from the first frame. Then, based on a 2-D constant translation and rotation model, an extended Kalman filter is used to predict the location of the corresponding point. Matching is done by comparing the feature vector and a motion continuity measure. Track initiation and termination are handled by the probabilistic data association filter. A method for including new features before the termination of gradually unreliable trajectories is introduced. Experimental results are presented for two real image sequences: a NASA helicopter sequence and a PUMA sequence.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Thionucleotides as Inhibitors of Ribonucleotide Reductase (2003)

Ribonucleosides and xylonucleosides bearing a disulfide function on the sugar ring were synthesized. Ribonucleosides belonging to the cytidine series were found to efficiently reduce dNTP pools in the human lymphoblastoid CEM/SS cell line.
Distributed Randomized Kaczmarz and Applications to Seismic Imaging in Sensor Network (2015)

Many real-world wireless sensor network applications such as environmental monitoring, structural health monitoring, and smart grid can be formulated as a least-squares problem. In distributed Cyber-Physical System (CPS), each sensor node observes partial phenomena due to spatial and temporal restriction and is able to form only partial rows of least-squares. Traditionally, these partial measurements were gathered at a centralized location. However, with the increase in sensors and their measurements, aggregation is becoming challenging and infeasible. In this paper, we propose distributed randomized kaczmarz that performs in-network computation to solve least-squares over the network by avoiding costly communication. As a case study, we present a volcano monitoring application on a distributed CORE emulator and use real data from Mt. St. Helens to evaluate our proposed method.
A Critical Evaluation of Rhomb-Type Quarterwave Retarders (1970)

The most achromatic quarterwave plates appear to be rhomb-type devices. General relations are given for calculating the phase retardation of these devices and are used to determine the variation of the phase retardation with wavelength and with acceptance angle for different rhomb designs. Length-to-aperture ratio, beam deviation, surface coatings, effect of strain birefringence, and other parameters are also considered. The classical version of the Fresnel rhomb can be optimized to improve its performance, and several of the more recent rhomb designs have excellent characteristics. The choice of which type of rhomb to use depends on the requirements of the particular optical system.
Surface and Mechanical Property Measurements of H Technology Needle-Punched Nonwovens (2003)

The H 1 technology needle-punching process is a patented invention from Fehrer, AG. H 1 technology machinery is used to develop a set of polyester/cotton blended nonwoven substrates. A suitable protocol is developed to clean, process, and blend cotton with polyester fibers suitable for needle-punching on the needle-loom line. Results from the physical property measurements of the H 1 webs are reported in this paper. In addition, surface characteristics are studied using the sliding friction apparatus and scanning electron microscopy. Frictional properties are characterized by a newly derived simple friction factor.
Synthetic biochemical models (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic biochemical modelsJui Hsin WangCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1970, 3, 3, 90–97Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar50027a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50027a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views313Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Insulin and local growth factor PDGF induce intimal hyperplasia in bypass graft culture models of saphenous vein and internal mammary artery (2002)

These organ culture models demonstrate the effects of insulin and PDGF on intimal hyperplasia in IMA and SV representing models for arteriosclerosis and bypass graft stenosis and stressing the role of insulin and growth factors for neointima development.
Analyzing multichip module testing strategies (1994)

Incorporating test and fault diagnosis as critical design requirements is necessary to achieve high-quality, cost-effective multichip systems. However, evaluating where and when to test, and deciding upon the best test method and level, take considerable study. The authors explore the trade-offs between various MCM test and rework strategies, then analyze the impact of cost, yield, and test effectiveness of the final cost and quality. This analysis of the trade-offs associated with test strategies for complex multichip systems and modules clearly indicate that incorporating DFT and BIST with varying degrees at the chip or MCM levels is economically justifiable. These methods result in cost reduction as well as quality improvement, and indicate that the MCM cost could vary by about 10% to 20%, depending on the test strategy used. However, proper determination of where and how to test, and whether to employ DFT and BIST at the IC or MCM levels, require an evaluation of the economics of the various solutions and the payback. This process is highly dependent on the design under consideration and the parameters associated with the available manufacturing environments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cyclic Peptidomimetics as Inhibitor for miR-155 Biogenesis (2019)

miR-155 plays key promoting roles in several cancers and emerges as an important anticancer therapeutic target. However, the discovery of small molecules that target RNAs is challenging. Peptidomimetics have been shown to be a rich source for discovering novel ligands to regulate cellular proteins. However, the potential of using peptidomimetics for RNA targeting is relatively unexplored. To this end, we designed and synthesized members of a novel 320 000 compound macrocyclic peptidomimetic library. An affinity-based screening protocol led to the identification of a pre-miR-155 binder that inhibits oncogenic miR-155 maturation in vitro and in cell and induces cancer cell apoptosis. The results of this investigation demonstrate that macrocyclic peptidomimetics could serve as a new scaffold for RNA targeting.
Modification of finger web gusset for improving fit and comfort of pressure therapy gloves (2014)

7th Textile Bioengineering and Informatics Symposium (TBIS 2014) / 5th Asian Protective Clothing Conference (APCC 2014), Hong Kong, Peoples R China, 6-8 August 2014
AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) regulates activity of HER2 and EGFR in breast cancer (2015)

AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) activity retards growth of many types of cancers. Investigating effects of AMPK activation on breast cancer cell signaling and survival, we found that breast cancer cell lines with amplification and over-expression of HER2 or EGFR are 2- to 5-fold more sensitive to cytotoxic effects of AICAR, a canonical pharmacological activator of AMPK, than breast cancer cell lines lacking HER2 or EGFR overexpression. Paralleling effects on cell survival, AICAR leads to dose- and time-dependent inhibition of HER2 and EGFR in HER2-amplified breast cancer cells, with activation of AMPK and suppression of HER2/ EGFR activity preceding commitment to cell death. Transfection of constitutively active AMPKα also leads to decreased HER2 and EGFR phosphorylation, reduced downstream signaling associated with these receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and reduced breast cancer cell growth, confirming effects of AMPK activity on HER2/ EGFR. Ensuing co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated an interaction of HER2 with AMPK and an in vitro phosphorylation assay found that HER2 and EGFR contain sequences that are potential substrates for AMPK. Our results lead us to postulate that AMPK regulates HER2 and EGFR activity in HER2-amplified breast cancer cells and thus activation of AMPK might provide therapeutic benefit in such cancers.