gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pivotal Functions of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Systemic Autoimmune Pathogenesis (2014)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were initially identified as the prominent natural type I interferon-producing cells during viral infection. Over the past decade, the aberrant production of interferon α/β by pDCs in response to self-derived molecular entities has been critically implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus and recognized as a general feature underlying other autoimmune diseases. On top of imperative studies on human pDCs, the functional involvement and mechanism by which the pDC-interferon α/β pathway facilitates the progression of autoimmunity have been unraveled recently from investigations with several experimental lupus models. This article reviews correlating information obtained from human <i>in vitro</i> characterization and murine <i>in vivo</i> studies and highlights the fundamental and multifaceted contribution of pDCs to the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune manifestation.
ERK2 phosphorylation of serine 77 regulates Bmf pro-apoptotic activity (2012)

B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) homology 3 (BH3)-only proteins represent a class of pro-apoptotic factors that neutralize pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins, and, in some cases, directly activate Bax. The mechanisms of control and the role of BH3-only proteins, such as Bcl-2 like protein 11 extra large and Bad are well studied. By contrast, relatively little is known about the regulation and role of Bcl-2 modifying factor (Bmf). The B-RAF oncogene is mutated in ∼8% of human tumors. We have previously shown that Bmf is upregulated at the transcript level and is required for apoptosis induced by targeting B-RAF signaling in tumor cells harboring mutant B-RAF. In this study, we show that Bmf is regulated at the post-translational level by mutant B-RAF-MEK-ERK2 signaling. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK2) directly phosphorylates Bmf on serine 74 and serine 77 residues with serine 77 being the predominant site. In addition, serine 77 phosphorylation reduces Bmf pro-apoptotic activity likely through a mechanism independent of altering Bmf localization to the mitochondria and/or interactions with dynein light chain 2 and the pro-survival proteins, B-cell lymphoma extra large, Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. These data identify a novel mode of regulation in Bmf that modulates its pro-apoptotic activity in mutant B-RAF tumor cells.
Conditioned Eyelid Movement Is not a Blink (2009)

Based on kinematic properties and distinct substrates, there are different classes of eyelid movement described as eyeblinks. We investigate whether the eyelid movements made in response to a conditioned stimulus (CS) are a category of eyelid movements distinct from blinks. Human subjects received 60 trials of classical eyelid conditioning with a tone as the CS and electrical stimulation of the supraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve as the unconditioned stimulus (UCS). Before and after training, reflex blinks were elicited with the UCS. The kinematics of conditioned responses (CRs) differed significantly from those of reflex blinks. The slope of the amplitude-maximum velocity function was steeper for reflex blinks than for CRs, and reflex blink duration was significantly shorter than CR duration. Unlike reflex blinks, for which maximum velocity was independent of blink duration, the maximum velocity of CRs depended on CR duration. These quantitative and qualitative differences indicated that CRs were a unique class of eyelid movements distinct from blinks and eyelid movements with vertical saccadic gaze shifts.
Stable real-time deformations (2002)

The linear strain measures that are commonly used in real-time animations of deformable objects yield fast and stable simulations. However, they are not suitable for large deformations. Recently, more realistic results have been achieved in computer graphics by using Green's non-linear strain tensor, but the non-linearity makes the simulation more costly and introduces numerical problems.In this paper, we present a new simulation technique that is stable and fast like linear models, but without the disturbing artifacts that occur with large deformations. As a precomputation step, a linear stiffness matrix is computed for the system. At every time step of the simulation, we compute a tensor field that describes the local rotations of all the vertices in the mesh. This field allows us to compute the elastic forces in a non-rotated reference frame while using the precomputed stiffness matrix. The method can be applied to both finite element models and mass-spring systems. Our approach provides robustness, speed, and a realistic appearance in the simulation of large deformations.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF FLY ASH-BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE (2004)

This paper describes the effects of several factors on the properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete, especially the compressive strength. The test variables included were the age of concrete, curing time, curing temperature, quantity of superplasticizer, the rest period prior to curing, and the water content of the mix. The test results show that the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete does not vary with age, and curing the concrete specimens at higher temperature and longer curing period will result in higher compressive strength. Furthermore, the commercially available Naphthalene-based superplasticizer improves the workability of fresh geopolymer concrete. The start of curing of geopolymer concrete at elevated temperatures can be delayed at least up to 60 minutes without significant effect on the compressive strength. The test data also show that the water content in the concrete mix plays an important role.
Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction Method Suitable for MC-CDMA System Downlink (2005)

In this paper, a novel Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) reduction method named cyclic-shifted scramble code (CSSC) method is proposed for multicarrier CDMA (MCCDMA) systems downlink. The proposed method utilizes the characteristics of multicarrier systems, i.e., if Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) input sequence changes, the output waveform also changes. In CSSC method, a scramble code assigned to a base station is applied to user data symbols after cyclic-shift. Comparing PAPRs of IFFT outputs amongst different shifts of the scramble code, the shift minimizing PAPR is selected and the MC-CDMA signal with the minimum PAPR will be transmitted. The receiver can estimate the amount of phase shifts by correlating between the scramble code and the received signal component in the pilot channel. The numerical results showed that PAPR can be reduced by approximately 3 dB by CSSC method without BER performance degradation.
Database clustering for mining multi-databases (2003)

Presents an efficient and effective application-independent database cluster for mining multi-databases. Our experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective and promising.
An improved version of the hairpin ribozyme functions as a ribonucleoprotein complex (1995)

Most RNA molecules that are endowed with catalytic activity function in the form of ribonucleoproteins within cells. These complexes are frequently large, poorly defined, and difficult to study. As a model system to study biological catalysis by ribonucleoproteins, we have modified the hairpin ribozyme by inserting an RNA structure that serves as a binding site for bacteriophage R17 coat protein in the form of an extension to ribozyme helix 4, which lies at the periphery of the catalytic domain. In the absence of protein, we find that incorporation of the protein-binding domain increases the catalytic efficiency of the hairpin ribozyme by 2-fold for the cleavage reaction and 16-fold for the ligation reaction. This increase in activity correlates with an increase in the proportion of molecules which fold into the active tertiary structure, as measured by a UV cross-linking assay. Mobility-shift and filter-binding assays of complex formation show that R17 coat protein binds to the chimeric ribozyme with a dissociation constant essentially identical to that of the isolated protein-binding domain; no binding of the protein to the unmodified ribozyme could be detected. The kinetics of cleavage and ligation reactions are not altered by the presence of saturating concentrations of coat protein, and competition studies demonstrate that the protein remains bound to the ribozyme throughout the catalytic cycle. These studies establish that the hairpin ribozyme can be engineered to function efficiently in the form of a ribonucleoprotein in vitro and will serve as the basis for future experimentation to understand mechanisms of protein modulation of catalytic RNA activity, and to introduce other protein-binding domains, for example, HIV-1 rev-binding and tar elements, which may be useful for influencing subcellular localization, regulating intracellular activity, or generating ribozymes that also function as "decoys" in antiviral applications.
The Problem of Death Qualification (2005)

The determination of genome transcription level in different tissues or structures of organism is carried out at present by the method of DNA--RNA-hybridization in solutions using labeled unique DNA sequences and significant RNA excess. Similar results may be probably obtained by a more simple method--numerously repeated recycles of RNA passage through the columns with denaturated DNA polymerized in agarose gel. Hybridization of single-stranded DNAs with each other is excluded and it is possible to separate RNA into fractions specific for different tissues and organs.
Superhydrophobic Mesoporous Graphene for Separation and Absorption (2013)

Mesoporous graphene with a surface area of 306 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup> was synthesized by employing CaCO<sub>3</sub> microspheres as hard templates. By surface modification with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) through chemical vapor deposition, the wettability of as-treated mesoporous graphene can be tailored to be superhydrophobic to water while superoleophilic to oils. The deposition of the low-surface-energy silicon-coating originated from PDMS pyrolysis on porous graphene was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. As a result of its porous structures and excellent surface superhydrophobicity, the PDMS-treated mesoporous graphene exhibits good selectivity, excellent recyclability, and good absorption performance (up to 66 g g<sup>-1</sup> ) for a wide range of oils and organic solvents. Thus, leading to potential use in a variety of applications such as water treatment and purification as well as cleanup of oil spills.
Rebirth of negative-sequence quantities in protective relaying with microprocessor-based relays (2004)

This paper focuses on the uses of negative-sequence quantities in protective relaying. The emphasis is on numerical relays since they have facilitated the calculation of symmetrical components. Negative-sequence quantities (the voltage and current denoted by V2 and 12) are very useful quantities in protective relaying. The simplicity in the calculation of these quantities in modern numerical relays has reinforced their use in the theory and methods used by current protective relaying devices. The paper begins with discussion of some implementations of negative-sequence filters in older relays. Next is a brief review of symmetrical components and an analysis of unbalanced faults in power systems. This review leads to a discussion of the characteristics of negative-sequence quantities and illustrations of how these quantities are used in protective relaying. Because the discussion generally involves symmetrical component theory, the paper makes references throughout to the other two symmetrical components (positive-sequence and zero-sequence).
Dispositivos clave para aumentar la eficiencia energética (2009)

The restitution of blood volume and plasma protein after 10 per cent hemorrhage was studied in intact dogs and in dogs subjected to adrenalectomy and infused with cortisol at basal or physiologically increased rates. The results suggest that increased extracellular osmolality, mediated by an increased secretion of cortisol, mediates, in turn, the restitution of protein and plasma volume. The results are best explained by the hypothesis that after hemorrhage, as a direct result of an increased secretion of cortisol, extracellular osmolality increases. A shift of fluid from cells to interstitium follows, increasing the interstitial pressure. This latter increase leads to an increased return of protein through the lymphatics and to an increased return of fluid through both lymphatics and capillaries.
Angiotensin II decreases mortality rate in gerbils with unilateral carotid ligation. (1986)

Evidence indicates that after vascular occlusion, infusion of angiotensin II restores blood supply to ischemic tissues by stimulating the development of collateral circulation through a mechanism independent of the mechanical effects of increased blood pressure. To test this effect in focal cerebral ischemia, angiotensin II was intravenously administered for four hours to gerbils immediately after unilateral carotid ligation. Three different pressor doses, 50, 250, and 500 ng/kg/min, were used, and mortality rate was evaluated at 1 and 2 days after vascular occlusion. Two additional groups similarly prepared were infused either with saline or with the pressor agent metaraminol. There was a significant inverse relationship between the infusion dose of angiotensin II and mortality: the greater the infusion dose of angiotensin II, the lower the mortality rate. Infusion of metaraminol, at the dose chosen to mimic the pressor effect of the highest angiotensin II dose, yielded a mortality rate which was statistically indistinguishable from that obtained with saline infusion. It is concluded that the mortality rate after unilateral carotid occlusion is significantly reduced by intravenous administration of angiotensin II through mechanisms unrelated to its hypertensive action. Evidence suggests that this may occur by the enhancement of the development of collateral circulation and therefore the reduction of the severity of brain ischemia.
Fibrosis in heart disease: understanding the role of transforming growth factor‐β<sub>1</sub> in cardiomyopathy, valvular disease and arrhythmia (2006)

The importance of fibrosis in organ pathology and dysfunction appears to be increasingly relevant to a variety of distinct diseases. In particular, a number of different cardiac pathologies seem to be caused by a common fibrotic process. Within the heart, this fibrosis is thought to be partially mediated by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), a potent stimulator of collagen-producing cardiac fibroblasts. Previously, TGF-beta1 had been implicated solely as a modulator of the myocardial remodelling seen after infarction. However, recent studies indicate that dilated, ischaemic and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies are all associated with raised levels of TGF-beta1. In fact, the pathogenic effects of TGF-beta1 have now been suggested to play a major role in valvular disease and arrhythmia, particularly atrial fibrillation. Thus far, medical therapy targeting TGF-beta1 has shown promise in a multitude of heart diseases. These therapies provide great hope, not only for treatment of symptoms but also for prevention of cardiac pathology as well. As is stated in the introduction, most reviews have focused on the effects of cytokines in remodelling after myocardial infarction. This article attempts to underline the significance of TGF-beta1 not only in the post-ischaemic setting, but also in dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, valvular diseases and arrhythmias (focusing on atrial fibrillation). It also aims to show that TGF-beta1 is an appropriate target for therapy in a variety of cardiovascular diseases.
New AFC tracking algorithms for digital DBS receiver (1996)

Two new automatic frequency control (AFC) tracking algorithms are proposed for QPSK demodulation in a digital direct broadcasting satellite (DBS) receiver. These are called rotational decision directed AFC(RDDAFC) and decision device embedded AFC(DDEAFC). In order to prevent the presence of the residual phase difference by the CPAFC [Natali 1984] as well as the AFC based on the tan/sup -1/ circuit [Ishigawa 1992], the RDDAFC rotates the decision boundary for the kth received symbol by the frequency detector output of the (k-1)th received symbol while the DDEAFC uses the product of the kth received symbol and the decision device output before passing through the cross product discriminator. It is shown that the total pull-in time of the RDDAFC and PLL was 0.13 msec with a carrier frequency offset of 2.4 MHz when the S/N equals 2dB while 0.2 msec is for the DDEAFC.
A fully automatic program for finding the unit cell from powder data (1969)

A description is given of a fully automatic program, written in ALGOL 60, that finds the constants of the reciprocal lattice from powder data. The progress of the program is illustrated with the (nearly) complete computer output for one selected case. Planes through the origin of the reciprocal lattice (zones) are found first. After evaluating these, the program selects pairs of zones with a common row in order to find reciprocal lattices, which are then reduced in a simple way. Each solution is compared with the experimental data and a figure of merit is calculated. The program is most suited for compounds of orthorhombic or lower symmetry.
Selection of Vegetables Cultivation Messages for Development of Media Package for Rural Women of Haryana (2016)

The study was conducted in many phases during the year 2014-15 in Haryana state. Fifty rural women each from Bhimnagar, Pali, Milkpur and Bawanikhera villages of Hisar and Bhiwani districts, respectively were selected purposively thus comprising of total sample of 200 respondents. In phase-I assessing the need of the rural women, an inventory pertaining to critical messages and sub-messages was prepared. Messages having top three ranks and ten sub-messages from each selected messages got upper rank were finally selected for media preparation after consultation with experts. In phase- II, media in the form of CD for rural women and printed booklet for field functionaries was prepared on selected messages. Standard procedures for preparation of media package were adopted. In phase-III prepared media was administered to 30 judges of various departments for effectiveness and feedback. Selection of messages related to vegetables cultivation practices revealed that out of nine messages selected only top three messages with high weighted mean scores and rank i.e. tomato, okra and cucurbits cultivation practices. The sub-messages were selected under the main messages. Ten sub-messages identified for the present study were land preparation, seed treatment/seed soaking, nursery raising, sowing/transplanting, irrigation, balanced fertilizer application, weeding, intercultural operations, plant protection measures, and harvesting and marketing of three crops viz. tomato, okra and cucurbits respectively were retained for media preparation.
Improved iterative parallel interference cancellation receiver for DS-CDMA 3G systems (2004)

This paper presents a turbo multiuser detector for turbo-coded DS-CDMA systems, based on the utilization of a PIC and a bank of turbo decoders, in which the PIC performs interference cancellation after each constituent decoder of the turbo decoding scheme. Moreover, we propose a new enhanced estimator of the signal-to-noise-plus-interference-ratio used in the decision device and in the MAP decoding algorithm. By means of computer simulations, we show that the proposed receiver outperforms other similar schemes for medium to very high system loads, in AWGN and multipath fading channel.
Embedded System for Network Flow Identification (2006)

This paper presents the design and implementation of an embedded system for real-time network flow identification. The system identifies data flows based on packet inspection. The main advantage of this system is that it reduces significantly the processing time required for the flow identification. For the hardware implementation, a Xilinx Virtex-II Pro FPGA device and the Xilinx embedded development kit (EDK) software are used. This embedded system represents the first step for designing a reconfigurable router with QoS (quality of service) support
Cascaded systems analysis of photon counting detectors (2014)

The model for PCD signal and noise performance agreed with measurements of detector signal, MTF, and NPS and provided a useful basis for understanding complex dependencies in PCD imaging performance and the potential advantages (and disadvantages) in comparison to EIDs as well as an important guide to task-based optimization in developing new PCD imaging systems.
An Automated Phenotype-Driven Approach (GeneForce) for Refining Metabolic and Regulatory Models (2010)

Integrated constraint-based metabolic and regulatory models can accurately predict cellular growth phenotypes arising from genetic and environmental perturbations. Challenges in constructing such models involve the limited availability of information about transcription factor--gene target interactions and computational methods to quickly refine models based on additional datasets. In this study, we developed an algorithm, GeneForce, to identify incorrect regulatory rules and gene-protein-reaction associations in integrated metabolic and regulatory models. We applied the algorithm to refine integrated models of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, and experimentally validated some of the algorithm's suggested refinements. The adjusted E. coli model showed improved accuracy (∼80.0%) for predicting growth phenotypes for 50,557 cases (knockout mutants tested for growth in different environmental conditions). In addition to identifying needed model corrections, the algorithm was used to identify native E. coli genes that, if over-expressed, would allow E. coli to grow in new environments. We envision that this approach will enable the rapid development and assessment of genome-scale metabolic and regulatory network models for less characterized organisms, as such models can be constructed from genome annotations and cis-regulatory network predictions.
Severe valvular and aortic arch calcification in a patient with Gaucher's disease homozygous for the D409H mutation<sup>1</sup> (2001)

Gaucher's disease is an autosomal recessive inherited defect of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase, which leads to glucocerebroside accumulation in the reticuloendothelial system. Homozygosity for the D409H mutation has been associated with cardiovascular valvular disease. We present a case of a 17-year-old Palestinian patient who presented with severe aortic and mitral valvular calcification, as well as calcification of the ascending aorta, the aortic arch and the ostia of his coronary arteries. The patient was confirmed to be homozygous for the D409H mutation in the glucocerebrosidase gene. The patient's enzyme assay for glucocerebrosidase activity was 5 nm/h/mg protein (normal 13-22 nm/h/mg). The patient presented with symptoms of dyspnea and chest pain. He had a 6-year history of documented aortic valve calcification by echocardiogram after two of his older brothers died of congestive heart failure and severe valvular calcification. Cardiac catheterization showed a severely calcified aorta with almost no motion of the aortic valve leaflets and severe calcification of the mitral valve and the mitral valvular apparatus. The patient underwent extensive cardiac surgery with aortic and mitral valve replacements and intraoperative findings confirmed calcification of the entire aortic root. Electron microscopy of the valves confirmed the presence of Gaucher's cells. Enzyme therapy with imiglucerase was initiated. The patient is in stable condition, 20 months post-operatively.