gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serotonin Subtype 2 Receptor Genes and Clinical Response to Clozapine in Schizophrenia Patients (1998)

Using a pharmacogenetic approach in 185 schizophrenics who have been prospectively assessed for clozapine response, we have examined the hypothesis that polymorphisms in the 5-HT2A (HTR2A), and 5-HT2C (HTR2C) genes are involved in its variable response. A-1438 A-->G polymorphism in the putative promoter and a silent T-->C 102 substitution in HTR2A were in almost complete linkage disequilibrium, and neither was associated with response (T-->C. 102 allele: chi 2 = 0.02; 1 df, p = .90; genotype: chi 2 = 0.02, 2 df, p = .99). A his452tyr HTR2A polymorphism was found to be associated with clozapine response (his452tyr allele: chi 2 = 6.43, 1 df, p = .01 [p = .04, Bonferroni corrected]; genotype: chi 2 = 6.54, 2 df, p = .04 [p = .16, Bonferroni corrected]). No HTR2A haplotype was associated with response. Interethnic differences were observed in the frequencies of the cys23ser HTR2C polymorphism. This polymorphism was not significantly associated with response in either of the ethnic groups (Caucasian and African American genotype: chi 2 = 3.46, 2 df, p = .18; chi 2 = .31, 2 df, p = .86, respectively). Although replication is required, the overall results suggest that the his452tyr HTR2A polymorphism may be involved in clozapine response.
Augmented and virtual reality in surgery—the digital surgical environment: applications, limitations and legal pitfalls (2016)

The continuing enhancement of the surgical environment in the digital age has led to a number of innovations being highlighted as potential disruptive technologies in the surgical workplace. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) are rapidly becoming increasingly available, accessible and importantly affordable, hence their application into healthcare to enhance the medical use of data is certain. Whether it relates to anatomy, intraoperative surgery, or post-operative rehabilitation, applications are already being investigated for their role in the surgeons armamentarium. Here we provide an introduction to the technology and the potential areas of development in the surgical arena.
Tagging Your Tweets (2014)

The adoption of hashtags in major social networks including Twitter, Facebook, and Google+ is a strong evidence of its importance in facilitating information diffusion and social chatting. To understand the factors (e.g., user interest, posting time and tweet content) that may affect hashtag annotation in Twitter and to capture the implicit relations between latent topics in tweets and their corresponding hashtags, we propose two PLSA-style topic models to model the hashtag annotation behavior in Twitter. Content-Pivoted Model (CPM) assumes that tweet content guides the generation of hashtags while Hashtag-Pivoted Model (HPM) assumes that hashtags guide the generation of tweet content. Both models jointly incorporate user, time, hashtag and tweet content in a probabilistic framework. The PLSA-style models also enable us to verify the impact of social factor on hashtag annotation by introducing social network regularization in the two models. We evaluate the proposed models using perplexity and demonstrate their effectiveness in two applications: retrospective hashtag annotation and related hashtag discovery. Our results show that HPM outperforms CPM by perplexity and both user and time are important factors that affect model performance. In addition, incorporating social network regularization does not improve model performance. Our experimental results also demonstrate the effectiveness of our models in both applications compared with baseline methods.
The role of central 5-hydroxytryptamine in acupuncture analgesia. (1979)

The role played by central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in acupuncture analgesia (AA) has been studied in rats with the tail-flick response as the antinociceptive test. The analgesic effect of acupuncture can be enhanced or lowered by the increment or the decrement of the 5-HT level in the CNS. Furthermore, the turnover rate of 5-HT in the CNS has been found to be greatly facilitated during the period of acupuncture. The results imply that 5-HT in the CNS may be one of the most important neurochemical agents mediating AA.
Aspiration of Osteoprogenitor Cells for Augmenting Spinal Fusion (2005)

The vertebral body is a suitable site for aspiration of bone marrow for graft augmentation during spinal arthrodesis.
Modeling High-Temperature Superconducting Tapes by Means of Edge Finite Elements (2007)

In this paper we present a new 2D numerical model for AC loss computation in high-temperature superconductors, based on the use of edge finite elements. These elements are curl conforming by construction and involve the continuity of the tangential component of the magnetic field between adjacent elements. In this way they do not require the imposition of the zero divergence of the magnetic field at each time step, which, with standard nodal elements, increases the null space of the matrix and the risks of divergence of the algorithm. The model, implemented in the software package COMSOL, uses the two magnetic field components as state variables. It has been tested for computing the losses of YBCO coated conductor tapes in two cases of practical interest, which cannot be investigated by analytical models.
Pathways of As(III) detoxification in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1999)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two independent transport systems for the removal of arsenite from the cytosol. Acr3p is a plasma membrane transporter that confers resistance to arsenite, presumably by arsenite extrusion from the cells. Ycf1p, a member of the ABC transporter superfamily, catalyzes the ATP-driven uptake of As(III) into the vacuole, also producing resistance to arsenite. Vacuolar accumulation requires a reductant such as glutathione, suggesting that the substrate is the glutathione conjugate, As(GS)3. Disruption of either the ACR3 or YCF1 gene results in sensitivity to arsenite and disruption of both genes produces additive hypersensitivity. Thus, Acr3p and Ycf1p represent separate pathways for the detoxification of arsenite in yeast.
Cinnamic acid derivatives as inhibitors for dissolution of copper in phosphoric acid (1995)

Although much work has been done on the rate of diffusion‐controlled corrosion under forced convection (moving solution), little has been done on the rate of diffusion‐controlled corrosion under natural convection which takes place in stagnant solutions. In diffusion‐controlled corrosion, the rate of corrosion is determined by the rate of transfer of the depolarizer or by the rate of removal of the corrosion products to or from the corroding surface respectively. In the case of stagnant solutions, transfer of the depolarizer to the corroding surface and removal of the corrosion products take place by diffusion and natural convection which arises from the density difference between the bulk solution and the interfacial solution, the interfacial solution being more dense than the bulk solution owing to the dissolution of the metal at the interface. This density difference result in a downward flow which enhances the rate of diffusion controlled corrosion. According to the hydrodynamic boundary layer theory the magnitude of natural convection depends on the physical properties of the solution us well as the geometry and orientation of the solid surface. Diffusion‐controlled metallic dissolution of vertical and horizontal surfaces has been studied earlier.
Production and Characteristics of Raw-Starch-Digesting α-Amylase from a Protease-Negative <i>Aspergillus ficum</i> Mutant (1986)

Mutational experiments were carried out to decrease the protease productivity of Aspergillus ficum IFO 4320 by using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. A protease-negative mutant, M-33, exhibited higher alpha-amylaseactivity than the parent strain under submerged culture at 30 degrees C for 24 h. About 70% of the total alpha-amylase activity in the M-33 culture filtrate was adsorbed onto starch granules. The electrophoretically homogeneous preparation of raw-starch-adsorbable alpha-amylase (molecular weight, 88,000), acid stable at pH 2, showed intensive raw-starch-digesting activity, dissolving corn starch granules completely. The preparation also exhibited a high synergistic effect with glucoamylase I. A mutant, M-72, with higher protease activity produced a raw cornstarch-unadsorbable alpha-amylase. The purified enzyme (molecular weight, 54,000), acid unstable, showed no digesting activity on raw corn starch and a lower synergistic effect with glucoamylase I in the hydrolysis of raw corn starch. The fungal alpha-amylase was therefore divided into two types, a novel type of raw-starch-digesting enzyme and a conventional type of raw-starch-nondigesting enzyme.
Ku-band additive manufactured multilayer dielectric rod waveguide (2017)

A multilayer dielectric rod waveguide (DRW) is designed for operation at an extended Ku-band from 10 to 18 GHz. The proposed design is fully developed and fabricated by using additive manufacturing technologies, particularly fused deposition modeling (FDM). The multilayer DRW is formed by a medium-k dielectric core printed with a custom-made ceramic composite and a low permittivity ABS cladding. Both materials are compatible with FDM. Device performance is measured with and without the presence of the low permittivity cladding. The insertion loss of the multi-layer DRW is less than 0.012 dB/mm and the attenuation due to each waveguide feed transition falls within 0.29 to 0.98 dB in the entire frequency range. Additionally, the presence of the cladding extends the 1 dB cut-off frequency by 2 GHz, thus improving the 1dB operational bandwidth by 50 %.
Nonbinary BCH decoding (Abstr.) (1968)

The decoding of BCH codes readily reduces to the solution of a certain key equation. An iterative algorithm is presented for solving this equation over any field. Following a heuristic derivation of the algorithm, a complete statement of the algorithm and proofs of its principal properties are given. The relationship of this algorithm to the classical matrix methods and the simplification which the algorithm takes in the special case of binary codes is then discussed. The generalization of the algorithm to BCH codes with a slightly different definition, the generalization of the algorithm to decode erasures as well as errors, and the extension of the algorithm to decode more than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</tex> errors in certain eases are also presented.
Parallel Electron-Hole Bilayer Conductivity from Electronic Interface Reconstruction (2010)

The perovskite SrTiO3-LaAlO3 structure has advanced to a model system to investigate the rich electronic phenomena arising at polar oxide interfaces. Using first principles calculations and transport measurements we demonstrate that an additional SrTiO3 capping layer prevents atomic reconstruction at the LaAlO3 surface and triggers the electronic reconstruction at a significantly lower LaAlO3 film thickness than for the uncapped systems. Combined theoretical and experimental evidence (from magnetotransport and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy) suggests two spatially separated sheets with electron and hole carriers, that are as close as 1 nm.
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence. 41. Electrogenerated chemiluminescence and chemiluminescence of the Ru(2,2<sup>1</sup> - bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup>-S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2-</sup> system in acetonitrile-water solutions (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrogenerated chemiluminescence. 41. Electrogenerated chemiluminescence and chemiluminescence of the Ru(2,21 - bpy)32+-S2O82- system in acetonitrile-water solutionsHenry S. White and Allen J. BardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 25, 6891–6895Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00389a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1707Altmetric-Citations275LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (571 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The Remains of the Day and its challenges to theories of unreliable narration (1994)

In an interview with Gregory Mason, Kazuo Ishiguro explained his interest in his first-person narrators: like memory, how one uses memory for one's own purposes, one's own ends, those things interest me ... deeply. And so, for the time being, I'm going to stick with the first person, and develop the whole business about following somebody's thoughts around, as they try to trip up or to hide from themselves (Mason 347). The Remains of the Day, published after the interview, continues this interest in the unreliable first-person narrator. Ishiguro's most recent novel is as much about unreliability as it is about the conflict between the public and private personae, between professional and human duty, between the facade of dignity and the expression of emotion. Indeed, Stevens's narrative unreliability is a key means through which these conflicts, largely unresolved for him, are demonstrated. In turn, the novel challenges our usual definition of an unreliable narrator as one whose norms and values differ from those of the implied author, and questions the concept of an ironic distance between the mistaken, benighted, biased, or dishonest narrator and the implied author, who, in most models, is seen to communicate with the reader entirely behind the narrator's back. While definitions of unreliability have focused on the distance between the norms and values of the author and those articulated by the narrator's words or behavior, early work on unreliable narration left it unclear how those distances were apprehended by the reader.' Chatman, for instance, suggests a kind of intuitive process of reading between the lines which is based on his perception that the narrator's unreliability is largely a matter of misreporting events:
Securing information transmission by redundancy (1999)

Many approaches have been used or proposed for providing security Ior inlormation dissemination over networks, including encryption, authentication, and digital signafures. These mechanisms do not, however, necessarily help ensure that a message is delivered at all. Attacks that try to destroy or intercept security messal~es require other mechanisms. Authenticated acknowledgements are sometimes useful for this purpose, but do not scale well.
Investigation of modified speciation for enhanced control of mercury (1998)

Mercury was identified as a hazardous air pollutant in Title 3 of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. It has been singled out for particular scrutiny because of its behavior in the environment (bioaccumulation) and its potential for deleterious effects on humans and wildlife. After studying the sources of mercury in the environment, the US Environmental Protection Agency has concluded that coal-fired boilers generate a significant fraction of the total anthropogenic emissions. Therefore, the agency is currently considering whether to impose mercury control requirements on coal-fired boilers in the electric utility industry. However, the costs for potential control measures (such as sorbent injection) can be extremely high. Mercury removal with chloric acid solutions was tested. The presence of NO increased Hg removal. It appeared that both gas-gas and gas-liquids reactions were operating, with the gas-phase reactions involving NO becoming increasingly important as the solute concentration was raised. From these studies, it was concluded that even higher Hg{sup 0} removals could be obtained if more of the reagent was made available for reaction in the gas phase. For this reason (and also to simulate a more real-world duct-injection process) a new series of tests was initiated in which an ultrasonic atomizer was used to inject small droplets of the oxidizing solutions into a flowing gas stream containing Hg{sup 0} vapors and other typical flue-gas components. The results of those tests are described in this paper.
Dynamic indoor localization techniques based on Rssi in WLAN environment (2011)

Location-based services are coming closer and closer to our daily life. And one of many key techniques concerning that is indoor localization. But there are still many problems not yet solved on the accuracy of indoor localization. This paper proposes several localization techniques using received signal strength in indoor wireless local networks, based on Bayesian model. In training phase, information of neighboring grid locations' samples are considered in calculating the Gauss distribution of signals received from some access point for each grid. In positioning phase, anchor points selection and access point selection are done before positioning. After finishing the prior probability and likelihood calculation, a candidate set of grids is dynamically generated based on the prior estimated location. And a global positioning on all trained grids will be performed if the positioning result gets trapped in some confined areas, in these areas the posterior probability would be less than some threshold value concluded from the statistical results. Our experimental results, conducted on a real office environment, indicate that these dynamic positioning techniques would evidently improve the accuracy of localization.
Limit of the moth’s eye principle and other impedance-matching corrugations for solar-absorber design (1975)

The moth’s eye principle of optical-impedance matching by means of an array of tapered protuberances has been studied to determine the limit obtainable for reflection reduction. Analogous multilayer equivalents were optimized over a wide band, using a recently developed optimization method, in which one or more of the layers are specified inclusions. A limit of 30 dB reduction of reflectance was obtained over a bandwidth 1.4 times the short-wavelength limit of the band. These results are also related to corrugated conducting surfaces used in a new solar-absorber design that uses corrugations in a conductor and is required to be optimized for best absorption (a) and emissivity (e) values. The optimum corrugation geometry for two types of periodic surface is studied and results are discussed in view of further development in practical applications.
MTF characterization and deconvolution of rapideye imagery (2010)

The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), which is typically quoted at the Nyquist sampling limit, is a convenient parameter often used to characterize the performance of an optical sensor and its ensuing image quality. A higher MTF value implies both better resolution and greater image interpretability by both human operators and automated applications. It will be shown that significant improvements can be achieved by applying a deconvolution filter derived using on-orbit measurements of the RapidEye sensor's MTF.
Efficacy, safety, and tolerance of the non-ergoline dopamine agonist pramipexole in the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease: a double blind, placebo controlled, randomised, multicentre study (1999)

Pramipexole administration is an efficacious and well tolerated add on therapy in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease with an improvement in activities of daily living, motor function, and treatment associated complications.
Gradual typing embedded securely in JavaScript (2014)

JavaScript's flexible semantics makes writing correct code hard and writing secure code extremely difficult. To address the former problem, various forms of gradual typing have been proposed, such as Closure and TypeScript. However, supporting all common programming idioms is not easy; for example, TypeScript deliberately gives up type soundness for programming convenience. In this paper, we propose a gradual type system and implementation techniques that provide important safety and security guarantees.
GABA<sub>A</sub> Receptor Subunit Gene Expression in Human Prefrontal Cortex: Comparison of Schizophrenics and Controls (1995)

The prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics is hypoactive and displays changes related to inhibitory, GABAergic neurons, and GABAergic synapses. These changes include decreased levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the enzyme for GABA synthesis, upregulation of muscimol binding, and downregulation of benzodiazepine binding to GABAA receptors. Studies in the visual cortex of nonhuman primates have demonstrated that gene expression for GAD and for several GABAA receptor subunit polypeptides is under control of neuronal activity, raising the possibility that similar mechanisms in the hypoactive prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics may explain the abnormalities in GAD and in GABAA receptor regulation. In the present study, which is the first of its type on human cerebral cortex, levels of mRNAs for six GABAA receptor subunits (alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 5, beta 1, beta 2, gamma 2) and their laminar expression patterns were analyzed in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics and matched controls, using in situ hybridization histochemistry and densitometry. Three types of laminar expression pattern were observed: mRNAs for the alpha 1, beta 2, and gamma 2 subunits, which are the predominant receptor subunits expressed in the mature cortex, were expressed at comparatively high levels by cells of all six cortical layers, but most intensely by cells in lower layer III and layer IV. mRNAs for the alpha 2, alpha 5, and beta 1 subunits were expressed at lower levels; alpha 2 and beta 1 were expressed predominantly by cells in layers II, III, and IV; alpha 5 was expressed predominantly in layers IV, V, and VI. There were no significant changes in overall mRNA levels for any of the receptor subunits in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics, and the laminar expression pattern of all six receptor subunit mRNAs did not differ between schizophrenics and controls. Because gene expression for GABAA receptor subunits is not consistently altered in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics, the previously reported upregulation of muscimol binding sites and downregulation of benzodiazepine binding sites in the prefrontal and adjacent cingulate cortex of schizophrenics are possibly due to posttranscriptional modifications of mRNAs and their translated polypeptides.