gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pristimerin induces apoptosis by targeting the proteasome in prostate cancer cells (2007)

Pristimerin is a natural product derived from the Celastraceae and Hippocrateaceae families that were used as folk medicines for anti inflammation in ancient times. Although it has been shown that pristimerin induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells, the involved mechanism of action is unknown. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the primary target of pristimerin in human cancer cells, using prostate cancer cells as a working model. Nucleophilic susceptibility and in silico docking studies show that C6 of pristimerin is highly susceptible towards a nucleophilic attack by the hydroxyl group of N-terminal threonine of the proteasomal chymotrypsin subunit. Consistently, pristimerin potently inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified rabbit 20S proteasome (IC50 2.2 micromol/L) and human prostate cancer 26S proteasome (IC50 3.0 micromol/L). The accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and three proteasome target proteins, Bax, p27 and I kappa B-alpha, in androgen receptor (AR)-negative PC-3 prostate cancer cells supports the conclusion that proteasome inhibition by pristimerin is physiologically functional. This observed proteasome inhibition subsequently led to the induction of apoptotic cell death in a dose- and kinetic-dependent manner. Furthermore, in AR-positive, androgen-dependent LNCaP and AR-positive, androgen-independent C4-2B prostate cancer cells, proteasome inhibition by pristimerin results in suppression of AR protein prior to apoptosis. Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that the proteasome is a primary target of pristimerin in prostate cancer cells and inhibition of the proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity by pristimerin is responsible for its cancer cell death-inducing property.
Casual mobile screen sharing (2014)

The concept of casual screen sharing is that multiple users can cast screen images from their personal hand-held devices on to a large shared local screen. It has applications in personal and business domains where documents or images need to be discussed in a shared environment. The ‘casual’ qualifier implies that the overheads of this sharing should be minimal. Implementation of casual screen sharing poses two general problems: sending content from multiple devices with minimal or no authentication/authorisation, and displaying this content on the larger screen. This paper proposes a solution and describes the development of a prototype, CasualShare.
Variabilidad interanual de la precipitación monzónonica sobre el Pacífico colombiano (2013)

Objective: To analyze the principal characteristics of West Equatorial America Monsoon (MOAE) as an important component of the climate system that affects the Pacific coast of Colombia. Materials and methods: The criteria used to delimit monsoon regions is the Dynamical Normalized Seasonality (DNS) index, obtained using wind data from NCEP, to then assess linear relationship between DNS and interannual variability of rainfall in the Colombian Pacific region. Results: It has been found that the most significant variations in rotation regimes between the JJA and DEF wind vectors, fall into the category of monsoon for the lower levels of atmospheric pressure, with variations in the wind vector angle over 120°. In addition, the DNS identifies significant seasonal changes in the wind field, which are within the category of climatic monsoon. Conclusion: When relating the DNS at 850 hPa and 925 hPa with precipitation, it has been found that the monsoon exhibits strong regional characteristics, consistent with regional patterns of seasonal rainfall, affecting significantly to the annual and interannual variability of rainfall in the Colombian Pacific region. It was also found, MOAE abrupt change in extreme weather events associated with ENSO, where there is not only a high temporal correlation between the two, but also signal MOAE is also able to reflect the asymmetrical patterns of ENSO
Decision making for autonomous driving considering interaction and uncertain prediction of surrounding vehicles (2017)

Autonomous driving requires decision making in dynamic and uncertain environments. The uncertainty from the prediction originates from the noisy sensor data and from the fact that the intention of human drivers cannot be directly measured. This problem is formulated as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) with the intention of the other vehicles as hidden variables. The solution of the POMDP is a policy determining the optimal acceleration of the ego vehicle along a preplanned path. Therefore, the policy is optimized for the most likely future scenarios resulting from an interactive, probabilistic motion model for the other vehicles. Considering possible future measurements of the surroundings allows the autonomous car to incorporate the estimated change in future prediction accuracy in the optimal policy. A compact representation allows a low-dimensional state-space so that the problem can be solved online for varying road layouts and number of other vehicles. This is done with a point-based solver in an anytime fashion on a continuous state-space. We show the results with simulations for the crossing of complex (unsignalized) intersections. Our approach performs nearly as good as with full prior information about the intentions of the other vehicles and clearly outperforms reactive approaches.
Galvanic Replacement-Driven Transformations of Atomically Intermixed Bimetallic Colloidal Nanocrystals: Effects of Compositional Stoichiometry and Structural Ordering (2018)

Galvanic replacement reactions dictated by deliberately designed nanoparticulate templates have emerged as a robust and versatile approach that controllably transforms solid monometallic nanocrystals into a diverse set of architecturally more sophisticated multimetallic hollow nanostructures. The galvanic atomic exchange at the nanoparticle/liquid interfaces induces a series of intriguing structure-transforming processes that interplay over multiple time and length scales. Using colloidal Au-Cu alloy and intermetallic nanoparticles as structurally and compositionally fine-tunable bimetallic sacrificial templates, we show that atomically intermixed bimetallic nanocrystals undergo galvanic replacement-driven structural transformations remarkably more complicated than those of their monometallic counterparts. We interpret the versatile structure-transforming behaviors of the bimetallic nanocrystals in the context of a unified mechanistic picture that rigorously interprets the interplay of three key structure-evolutionary pathways: dealloying, Kirkendall diffusion, and Ostwald ripening. By deliberately tuning the compositional stoichiometry and atomic-level structural ordering of the Au-Cu bimetallic nanocrystals, we have been able to fine-maneuver the relative rates of dealloying and Kirkendall diffusion with respect to that of Ostwald ripening through which an entire family of architecturally distinct complex nanostructures are created in a selective and controllable manner upon galvanic replacement reactions. The insights gained from our systematic comparative studies form a central knowledge framework that allows us to fully understand how multiple classic effects and processes interplay within the confinement by a colloidal nanocrystal to synergistically guide the structural transformations of complex nanostructures at both the atomic and nanoparticulate levels.
CMOS biosensor devices and applications (2013)

Affinity biosensor use bio-recognition element and transducers to convert the (bio)chemical event into a recordable signal. CMOS compatible silicon nanowires configured as field effect transistor (Si NW-FETs) have shown significant advantages for real-time, label-free and highly sensitive detection of a wide range of biomolecules. Here we discuss the physics, limitations, and applications for nanowire FETs sensor technologies.
Endoscopic Treatment for Deep-seated or Multiple Intraparenchymal Tumors: Technical Note (2009)

Although endoscopic biopsy is a well-established technique in the treatment of intraventricular or cystic tumors, solid intraparenchymal tumors have not been considered candidates for this procedure. The purpose of this study is to describe strategies of neuroendoscopic treatment in patients with solid intraparenchymal tumors. Six patients with deep-seated or multiple intraparenchymal tumors underwent neuroendoscopic biopsy combined with frame-based or frameless stereotaxy during the one year period between October 2006 and September 2007. After histological diagnosis, all patients were treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone. Three patients were diagnosed histopathologically as having malignant glioma, and three with malignant lymphoma. A tumor was removed completely in one patient using an endoscopic procedure. Tumors disappeared in three patients with radiotherapy and chemotherapy after an endoscopic procedure. The growth of the tumor was controlled with therapy in one patient. Only in one patient was there a malignant transformation and growth of tumor was recognized in spite of therapy. Neuroendoscopic treatment may be a useful option in the management of deep-seated or multiple intraparenchymal tumors.
A novel hierarchical approach for proximity effect correction in electron beam lithography (1993)

An efficient CAD pattern processing algorithm based on dose modulation technique is proposed for proximity effect correction calculation in electron beam (EB) lithography. The algorithm resolves a costly and lengthy computation during the pattern processing. First, the original pattern data with multiple-level cell hierarchy is reduced to pattern data with two-level cell hierarchy. Then, a zoning algorithm with dual-frame technique is introduced for realizing the hierarchical proximity correction calculation. Here, the zone is a region of pattern assembly to be proximity-corrected and the frame is a pattern reference region to incorporate the backscattering effects of electrons exposed on the frame into the zone data. The algorithm is applied to typical design layers of 64-Mb DRAM pattern data. The final EB data volume is greatly compacted by a factor of 22-150 compared with a conventional hierarchy-flattened method. The hierarchical approach is indispensable to the accurate proximity correction for next-generation high-density VLSIs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Maximum transition run codes for generalized partial response channels (2001)

A new twins constraint for maximum transition run (MTR) codes is introduced to eliminate quasi-catastrophic error propagation in sequence detectors for generalized partial response channels with spectral nulls both at dc and at the Nyquist frequency. Two variants of the twins constraint that depend on whether the generalized partial response detector trellis is unconstrained or j-constrained are studied. Deterministic finite-state transition diagrams that present the twins constraint are specified, and the capacity of the new class of MTR constraints is computed. The connection between (G,I) constraints and MTR(j) constraints is clarified. Code design methodologies that are based on look-ahead coding in combination with violation detection/substitution as well as on state splitting are used to obtain several specific constructions of high-rate MTR codes.
Increase of close homolog of cell adhesion molecule L1 in primary afferent by nerve injury and the contribution to neuropathic pain (2010)

The L1 family of cell adhesion molecules (L1-CAMs) is known to be involved in various neuronal functions such as cell adhesion, axon guidance, and synaptic plasticity. We investigated the detailed expression/changes of a close homolog of the L1 cell adhesion molecule (CHL1) after nerve injury and the possible role on neuropathic pain using the rat spared nerve injury (SNI) model. SNI induced the expression of CHL1 in L4/5 DRG neurons, particularly in small-size injured neurons and in satellite cells. In the spinal cord, CHL1 immunoreactivity increased mainly in laminae I-II of the dorsal horn on the side ipsilateral to the nerve injury. Ultrastructural study clarified the fine localization of CHL1 in axons of primary afferents in the dorsal horn. CHL1 immunoreactivities were localized in the adherence such as axon-axon, axon-dorsal horn neurons (dendrite, soma), and axon-glial cells (astrocyte and microglia). Experimental inhibition of CHL1 adhesion by intrathecal administration of the antibody for CHL1 extracellular domain significantly prevented and reversed SNI-induced mechanical allodynia. Thus, alterations of CHL1 may be involved in the structural plasticity after peripheral nerve injury and have important roles in neuropathic pain.
A Low-Noise Low-Power Preamplifier for Capacitive CMOS-MEMS Gyroscopes (2006)

This paper reports a low-noise low-power amplifier design that is suitable for CMOS-MEMS capacitive vibratory gyroscopes. Low noise is achieved by chopping the Coriolis signal to a high frequency (1 MHz) and optimally sizing the input transistors. Low power consumption is obtained by applying a fully differential, two-stage open-loop architecture, which utilizes low-impedance node chopping and dynamic element matching. Pseudo-resistor MOS-Bipolar devices are used to establish a stable dc bias at the sensing electrodes. A prototype was fabricated in a TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS process. When chopped at 1 MHz, the circuit achieves a gain of 40 dB. The equivalent input noise is 20 nV√VHz for frequencies up to 20 kHz. The equivalent circuit offset is below 200μV. With a 3.3 V supply voltage, the circuit draws a current of 300μA.
Image Denoising Using Mixtures of Projected Gaussian Scale Mixtures (2009)

We propose a new statistical model for image restoration in which neighborhoods of wavelet subbands are modeled by a discrete mixture of linear projected Gaussian Scale Mixtures (MPGSM). In each projection, a lower dimensional approximation of the local neighborhood is obtained, thereby modeling the strongest correlations in that neighborhood. The model is a generalization of the recently developed Mixture of GSM (MGSM) model, that offers a significant improvement both in PSNR and visually compared to the current state-of-the-art wavelet techniques. However, the computation cost is very high which hampers its use for practical purposes. We present a fast EM algorithm that takes advantage of the projection bases to speed up the algorithm. The results show that, when projecting on a fixed data-independent basis, even computational advantages with a limited loss of PSNR can be obtained with respect to the BLS-GSM denoising method, while data-dependent bases of Principle Components offer a higher denoising performance, both visually and in PSNR compared to the current wavelet-based state-of-the-art denoising methods.
[N-aryl pyrrol derivatives with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. 1. 1-Arylpyrroles substituted at positions 4 and 5]. (1984)

The derivatives in question are prepared by reaction of substituted anilines with 1,4-ketones in an acidic medium. The diketones are themselves obtained either using Friedel and Crafts reaction with levulinic acid chloride, or by Stetter's method reacting Mannich bases with aryl aldehydes in the presence of sodium cyanide. The results of test of acute toxicity and of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity are reported.
Laminar Forced Convection for Flow Across a Cylinder With Longitudinal Fins of Finite Thickness (2008)

Conjugate numerical solution of laminar forced convection for cross-flow over a cylinder with external longitudinal fins of finite thickness has been carried out. The rate of heat transfer from the fins increases and that from the free area of the cylinder marginally decreases with an increase in thickness, length, and number of fins. The rate of heat transfer from the fins alone is usually much higher than that from the cylinder surface. As a consequence, the net result of these two opposing effects is an increase in the total heat transfer over that of the smooth cylinder, the amount increasing with an increase in thickness, length, and number of fins but with diminishing returns. The fins are more effective at high Re values than at low ones.
Acid‐Degradable Core‐Crosslinked Micelles Prepared from Thermosensitive Glycopolymers Synthesized via RAFT Polymerization (2007)

Abstract A thermoresponsive block copolymer, namely poly(acryloyl glucosamine)‐ block ‐poly( N ‐isopropylacryamide) (PAGA 180 ‐ b ‐PNIPAAM 350 ) was simultaneously self‐assembled and crosslinked in aqueous medium via RAFT polymerization at 60 °C to afford core‐crosslinked micelles exhibiting a glycopolymer corona and a PNIPAAM stimuli‐responsive core. An acid‐labile crosslinking agent, 3,9‐divinyl‐2,4,8,10‐tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane, was employed to generate thermosensitive and acid‐degradable core‐shell nanoparticles. Stable against degradation at pH = 6 and 8.2, the resulting core crosslinked micelles readily hydrolyzed into well‐defined free block copolymers at lower pH (30 min and 12 h respectively at pH = 2 and 4). magnified image
Flow-system measurement of cell impedance properties. (1979)

A flow-system technique has been developed that detects the high-frequency resistance and capacitance changes in a sensing orifice due to the passage of cells through the orifice. The resistance and capacitance changes are related to cell properties such as size, plasma membrane capacitance, and electrical resistivity of the cell interior. The relationship between measured impedances and cellular properties is discussed, and the prototype instrument for making such measurements is described. The instrument can simultaneously detect the dc Coulter volume and two ac parameters related to the complex ac impedance change. Some initial tests of the instrument using plastic microspheres and Chinese hamster ovary cells are described.
Oligomerization stereochemistry of vinyl monomers. 8. β.-Carbon stereochemistry and carbanion structure in the oligomerization of 2- and 4-vinylpyridines (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOligomerization stereochemistry of vinyl monomers. 8. β.-Carbon stereochemistry and carbanion structure in the oligomerization of 2- and 4-vinylpyridinesThieo E. Hogen-Esch and Waylon L. JenkinsCite this: Macromolecules 1981, 14, 3, 510–516Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma50004a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ma50004a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chapter 11 (2018)

Definition C.1 (Filippov Set-Valued Map [165]) For a vector field f ( x , t ) : ℝ n × ℝ → ℝ n https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429489211/02171cef-aded-4c5e-b907-71c656416fd4/content/inline295_01.tif"/> the Filippov set-valued map is defined as:
반투명 태양전지용 Al-Ti계 산화물 박막의 반사율 특성 개선에 관한 연구 (2018)

This work reports the preparation of Al-Ti based oxide thin films and their optical properties. Although the transmittance of a TiO2/Al2O3 bilayer structure was as high as 90% at wavelengths of 600 nm or larger, the reflectance of the bilayer reached its minimum at wavelengths of around 360 nm. The transmittance of an 89-nm-thick TiO2 thin film rapidly increased and then decreased at a critical wavelength because of destructive interference. The wavelength corresponding to the reflectance minimum increased after an increase in TiO2 film thickness. The smooth surface morphology of the AlTiO thin film was retained up to a film thickness of 65 nm, and the transmittance of the film was inversely proportional to film thickness, in accordance with the general tendency for optical films. The reflectance of the AlTiO film at visible light wavelengths was lower than that of the TiO2 film, which implies that the AlTiO film is suitable for applications as an optical thin film layer in semitransparent solar cells.
Covalently attached organic monolayers on semiconductor surfaces (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCovalently attached organic monolayers on semiconductor surfacesIvan HallerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 26, 8050–8055Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00494a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00494a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2459Altmetric-Citations302LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Edge computing architecture for applying AI to IoT (2017)

The proliferation of connected IoT devices creates a big data problem for AI based approaches. The response time required by such devices necessitates IoT data to be processed at the edge, but the edge typically lacks the resources to learn the AI models. We present an architecture which preserves the advantages of both edge processing and server-based/cloud-centric computing for AI algorithms. We discuss how policy management can be used to improve and support this architecture.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 3/2010 (2010)

Front Cover: The image depicts a novel approach to the preparation of Janus nanoparticles based on the self-assembly of poly(2-vinylpyridine)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (P2VP-b-PEO) amphiphilic diblock copolymers. The addition of acids to the block copolymer micelles solution leads to local protonation of the pyridine units. If Lewis bases are introduced to deprotonate the pyridine units, Janus particles are generated. Further details can be found in the article by X. Li,* H. Yang, L. Xu, X. Fu, H. Guo, and X. Zhang on page 297.