gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of RNA-binding proteins that regulate FGFR2 splicing through the use of sensitive and specific dual color fluorescence minigene assays (2006)

We have developed a series of fluorescent splicing reporter minigenes for the establishment of cell-based screens to identify splicing regulatory proteins. A key technical advance in the application of these reporters was the use of two different fluorescent proteins: EGFP and monomeric Red Fluorescent Protein (mRFP). Through establishment of stable cell lines expressing such dual color fluorescent reporters, these minigenes can be used to perform enhanced screens for splicing regulatory proteins. As an example of such applications we generated fluorescent minigenes that can be used to determine the splicing of mutually exclusive FGFR2 exons IIIb and IIIc by flow cytometry. One minigene contained a coding sequence for EGFP whose translation was dependent on splicing of exon IIIb, whereas a second minigene required exon IIIc splicing for translation of an mRFP coding sequence. Stable incorporation of both minigenes into cells that express endogenous FGFR2-IIIb or FGFR2-IIIc resulted in EGFP or mRFP fluorescence, respectively. Cells stably transfected with both minigenes were used to screen a panel of cDNAs encoding known splicing regulatory proteins, and several were identified that induced a switch in splicing that could be detected specifically by an increase in green, but not red, fluorescence. We further demonstrated additional minigenes that can be used in dual color fluorescent screens for identification of splicing regulatory proteins that function through specific intronic splicing enhancer elements (ISEs). The methods and minigene designs described here should be adaptable for broader applications in identification of factors and mechanisms involved in alternative splicing of numerous other gene transcripts.
Mucoadhesive Electrospun Fibre-Based Technologies for Oral Medicine (2020)

Oral disease greatly affects quality of life, as the mouth is required for a wide range of activities including speech, food and liquid consumption. Treatment of oral disease is greatly limited by the dose forms that are currently available, which suffer from short contact times, poor site specificity, and sensitivity to mechanical stimulation. Mucoadhesive devices prepared using electrospinning offer the potential to address these challenges by allowing unidirectional site-specific drug delivery through intimate contact with the mucosa and with high surface areas to facilitate drug release. This review will discuss the range of electrospun mucoadhesive devices that have recently been reported to address oral inflammatory diseases, pain relief, and infections, as well as new treatments that are likely to be enabled by this technology in the future.
Production of a human T lymphocyte chemotactic factor by T cell subpopulations. (1983)

Concanavalin A-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells release a lymphocyte chemotactic factor. This lymphocyte chemotactic factor is produced optimally after 24 to 48 hr of culture and is not found before 3 hr of culture, which suggests that the factor is synthesized de novo and is not preformed and secreted after Con A stimulation. This is further supported by experiments showing that the protein synthesis inhibitors cycloheximide and puromycin totally prevent the production of the chemotactic factor. Experiments using cultured and uncultured T lymphocytes as responding cells show that cultured T cells respond more efficiently than uncultured T cells to this factor. Furthermore, the lymphocyte chemotactic factor preferentially stimulates T lymphocyte locomotion as compared to peripheral blood non-T lymphocyte migration. Fractionation of mononuclear cells into glass nonadherent lymphocytes, monocyte-enriched preparations, T lymphocytes, and non-T lymphocytes shows that lymphocyte chemotactic factor is produced by Con A-stimulated, glass nonadherent lymphocytes and T cells but not by monocytes or non-T lymphocytes. Further fractionation of T lymphocytes into Leu-2 and Leu-3 T cell subpopulations shows that the production of T lymphocyte chemotactic factor can be attributed to the Leu-2 suppressor/cytotoxic T cell subset. The generation of a T lymphocyte chemotactic factor by Leu-2 T cells may represent a means of recruiting other T cells to the site of its release.
Molecular Characterization of the Hemin Uptake Locus ( <i>hmu</i> ) from <i>Yersinia pestis</i> and Analysis of <i>hmu</i> Mutants for Hemin and Hemoprotein Utilization (1999)

Sequence analysis of the hemin uptake locus (hmu) of Yersinia pestis revealed five genes, hmuRSTUV, required for use of hemin and hemoproteins as iron sources. The translated gene products have homologies with proteins of the hemin transport genes of several gram-negative bacteria. Promoters were identified upstream of hmuP'R (p1) and upstream of hmuS (p2); p1, which contains a Fur box, is regulated by iron and Fur, while p2 exhibits weak, but constitutive, activity. HmuR, which has homology with TonB-dependent outer membrane (OM) receptors, is localized to the OM of Y. pestis and is required for utilizing hemin and all hemoproteins under iron-depleted conditions. The proposed ABC transporter, HmuTUV, is necessary for use of hemin, hemin-albumin, and myoglobin, but not hemoglobin, hemoglobin-haptoglobin, or heme-hemopexin, as iron sources. In the absence of HmuTUV, HmuS, a cytoplasmic protein, is involved in use of hemoglobin and heme-hemopexin. In mice, the 50% lethal doses of Y. pestis DeltahmuP'RSTUV mutants injected subcutaneously or retro-orbitally did not differ from that of the Hmu(+) parent strain. Thus, the hmu system is not essential for infection in mice via these routes. Growth studies showed that a DeltahmuP'RSTUV mutant could grow in iron-depleted medium containing high concentrations of hemoglobin, suggesting that an Hmu-independent, lower-affinity hemoglobin uptake system may exist.
Recent Literature on Slavery in Colonial North America (2003)

As we examine the extraordinary recent scholarship on slavery in colonial North America (1), it is important to recognize how far we have come, and how fast. When I attended high school in the early 1960s, teachers still used Samuel Eliot Morison and Henry Steele Commager's The Growth of the American Republic. (It was the tenth printing of the fourth edition, published in 1950, which emphasizes how long textbooks tend to hang around high school classrooms.) This book, which set the standard for American history for a generation (in spite of the authors' unfortunate characterization of the typical antebellum slave as “Sambo”), contained virtually no mention of slavery's existence in North America before the nineteenth century. I completed graduate course work in 1974, shortly before Peter H. Wood's Black Majority (1974) and Edmund S. Morgan's American Slavery, American Freedom (1975), opened many eyes to slavery's origins...
Biological Effects of the Immunomodulator β1‐3<scp>d</scp> Polyglucose are Strongly Potentiated by Conjugation to Biodegradable Microbeads (1997)

It is demonstrated that the biological effects of the immunomodulator beta 1-3D polyglucose, when covalently linked to polymethacrylate or biodegradable albumin microbeads, are strongly potentiated. The potentiation is recorded as an increased protection effect of the conjugates in Escherichia coli sepsis in mice, and as increased IL-1 production by murine macrophages in vitro.
A computationally efficient MIMO turbo-equaliser (2004)

A reduced complexity version of the soft-interference cancelling MMSE turbo equalizer is proposed for single-carrier MIMO systems. In the receiver exact symbol-by-symbol interference covariance matrice inverses are replaced by time averages acquired through matrix inversion lemma iterations. Consequently, also the requirement to explicitly estimate signal-to-noise ratio is removed. After a number of iterations the equalizer is further simplified by utilizing the matched filter approximation. Remaining multipath and multiuser interference, in addition to receiver noise, are accounted for in the approximation. The performance of the receiver is verified through simulations with two MIMO radio network configurations.
Abstract 58: Differential Signaling by CRP-Rac1-NOX1 and Thrombin-Rac1-NOX2 Axes Regulates Ros Generation and Platelet Activation (2015)

Agonist induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) enhances platelet aggregation and hence the risk of thrombosis. Rac1 GTPase has been shown to be critical in ROS generation by both NOX1 and NOX2. However, its role in agonist induced ROS generation in platelets remains to be determined. We have shown previously that gene targeting or inhibition of Rac1 GTPase inhibits platelet secretion and aggregation. In this study we tested our hypothesis that Rac1 regulates platelet activation, at least in part, by regulating ROS generation through the NOX enzymes by using Rac1 and NOX2 gene targeted mice and/or pharmacologic inhibitors. ROS generation was determined by flow cytometry in dcf-da loaded washed platelets. Collagen-related peptide (CRP) or thrombin induced ROS generation in a time- and a concentration-dependent manner. A two minute pre-incubation of platelets with NSC23766 (3-30 μM), a Rac GTPases inhibitor, or Phox-I (1-10 μM), an inhibitor of NOX2 that blocks Rac1-p67 phox interaction, diminished CRP or thrombin induced ROS generation, ATP secretion and aggregation. However, treatment of platelets with NSC23766 or Phox-I did not inhibit phosphorylation of p47 phox , a critical subunit of NOX. Addition of CRP or thrombin induced significantly less ROS generation in platelets from Rac1 -/- , as compared to Rac1 +/+ , mice. Addition of CRP generated significantly less ROS and exhibited diminished aggregation in NOX2 -/- platelets than NOX2 +/+ platelets. A two minute incubation of platelets with ML171 (0.1 -1.0 μM), a selective inhibitor of NOX1, inhibited CRP induced but not thrombin induced ROS generation, ATP secretion and aggregation. Addition of a combination of ML171 and NSC23766, Phox-I and NSC23766 or ML171and Phox-I to platelets did not result in additive inhibitory effect on CRP induced ROS generation. Together, these results show for the first time that Rac1 GTPase: (a) is essential for agonist induced ROS generation in platelets; (b) inhibits ROS generation by inhibiting Rac1-p67 phox interaction but not activation of p47 phox ; (c) is involved in ROS generation by both NOX1 and NOX2. The differential signaling of CRP activated Rac1-NOX1-ROS and thrombin-stimulated Rac1-NOX2-ROS play an important role in platelet secretion and aggregation.
Room temperature ferromagnetism in partially hydrogenated epitaxial graphene (2011)

We report room temperature ferromagnetism in partially hydrogenated epitaxial graphene grown on 4HSiC(0001). The presence of ferromagnetism was confirmed by superconducting quantum interference devices measurements. Synchrotron-based near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure and high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements have been used to investigate the hydrogenation mechanism on the epitaxial graphene and the origin of room temperature ferromagnetism. The partial hydrogenation induces the formation of unpaired electrons in graphene, which together with the remnant delocalized π bonding network, can explain the observed ferromagnetism in partially hydrogenated epitaxial graphene.
Folic Acid Supplementation Diminishes Diabetes- and Glucose-Induced Dysmorphogenesis in Rat Embryos In Vivo and In Vitro (2005)

Maternal administration of folic acid diminishes the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in offspring, but whether folic acid exerts a similar effect in diabetic pregnancy is unknown. The aim was to investigate whether maldevelopment in rat embryos caused by exposure to diabetes in vivo or high-glucose concentrations in vitro is affected by subcutaneous administration of folic acid to the pregnant mother or by adding the compound to the culture medium, respectively. Exposure of embryos to maternal diabetes in vivo or 30 mmol/l glucose in vitro yielded an increased malformation rate (71 and 88% NTD, respectively) and lowered somite number and crown-rump length compared with control embryos. When we injected folic acid into the diabetic pregnant rat, or added 2 mmol/l folic acid to the culture medium with high glucose, the embryonic parameters improved (3 and 5% NTD, respectively). The present work shows that administration of folic acid can diminish diabetes-induced maldevelopment. This suggests that folic acid supplementation may have a role in the prevention of malformations in diabetic pregnancy.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of High-Efficiency Hydrogen Membrane Fuel Cells Based on Sputter-Deposited BaCe<sub>0.8</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3−δ</sub> Thin Films (2016)

A hydrogen membrane fuel cell (HMFC) consisting of a Pd solid anode, 1 μm thick BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−δ thin-film electrolyte, and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 cathode was examined. A single-phase BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−δ thin film was successfully deposited by radio frequency cosputtering with BaCe0.8Y0.2O3 and Ce0.9Y0.1O2 double targets, as checked by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and wavelength dispersive X-ray analysis. The maximum power density reached 1.05 W cm–2 at 600 °C, and this value was higher than the champion data of the recently reported proton-conducting ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs). Electrochemical impedance analysis was performed to characterize the anode and cathode polarization behavior. The impedance responses of HMFC were explicable with an equivalent circuit built by a series connection of cathode charge-transfer elements and anode mass-transfer elements. The contribution of the mass transfer in Pd bulk was found to be relatively small in comparison to cathode polarization and ohmic loss in normal fuel cell atmosphere. Moreover, the cathodic charge-transfer resistance of HMFC was found to be 25 times smaller than those of the recent PCFC systems. The current results demonstrated that the HMFC retained relatively large gas–proton–electron triple-boundary zones near the interface between the BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−δ electrolyte and porous La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3–δ cathode.
The Effect of Lubricating Oil Additives on Valve Recession in Stationary Gaseous-Fueled Four-Cycle Engines (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Cylinder head overhaul intervals, in stationary four-cycle gaseous-fueled engines, are often determined by the wear of intake and exhaust valves. To extend valve and seat life, engine manufacturers select premium materials and use different design criteria (compared to diesel or gasoline engines) for the valve-faces, seats, and guides of gas engines. The most demanding design requirements for valves and seats are for lean-burn (air/fuel ratio) and landfill gas high-speed, four-cycle gas engines.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">First, this paper defines the three major types of valve wear (recession, guttering, and torching), describes valve wear measuring techniques, and reviews valve recession variables that are not lubricant related (engine design, mechanical assembly and maintenance, operating conditions, and metallurgy).</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The second part of this paper includes a study of the effect of lubricants on valve recession wear. Field test results and analysis of valve, seat, and combustion chamber deposits are covered. Based on results from field tests, in several types of gas engines, a new family of gas engine lubricant additive packages has been developed which can extend valve life and reduce the frequency of engine cylinder head overhaul.</div>
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems for Disaster Relief: Tornado Alley (2009)

Unmanned aerial vehicle systems are currently in limited use for public service missions worldwide.Development of civil unmanned technology in the United States currently lags behind military unmanned technology development in part because of unresolved regulatory and technological issues.Civil unmanned aerial vehicle systems have potential to augment disaster relief and emergency response efforts.Optimal design of aerial systems for such applications will lead to unmanned vehicles which provide maximum potentiality for relief and emergency response while accounting for public safety concerns and regulatory requirements.A case study is presented that demonstrates application of a civil unmanned system to a disaster relief mission with the intent on saving lives.The concept utilizes unmanned aircraft to obtain advanced warning and damage assessments for tornados and severe thunderstorms.Overview of a tornado watch mission architecture as well as commentary on risk, cost, need for, and design tradeoffs for unmanned aerial systems are provided.
Enterprise strength security on a JXTA P2P network (2004)

Summary form only given. When one begins to think about security and P2P networks, and in particular, ad-hoc P2P networks with no real centralization, there are potentially billions of peer nodes, all possibly vulnerable to attack in a multitude of ways: Impersonation attacks and thus identity theft by unauthorized or falsely authorized parties; Invasion of privacy and all that that carries with it; Loss of data integrity; We imagine the equivalent of antimatter, a complete negation of the fundamental principles of security, or the antisecure net. Those among us with a strong interest in the secure net, and making P2P not only an accepted but preferred way of both doing business in the enterprise as well as protecting the personal privacy of the innocent users of P2P software require a toolbox with sockets, and a socket wrench that is capable of applying the torque that is appropriate to each scenario we wish to secure. It is easy enough for each peer node to be its own certificate authority, create its own root and service certificates, distribute the root certificate out-of-band or in some cases inband, different sockets for different scenarios, and then use transport layer security to insure two way authorization and privacy. Another socket that can be used by small communities of peers to assure that the public keys that they distribute can be trusted with some degree of certainty based on the reputation of the signers. Finally, without actually using a recognized CA, one can apply even more torque to tighten the security on a P2P network. Select one or more well protected and trusted systems, and give to them certificate-granting authority. These systems are unlike standard CAs in the sense that they are peers in the P2P Network. To acquire a certificate the peer must be authorized perhaps by using an LDAP directory with a recognized protected password. Here, the CA can also use a secure connection to a corporate LDAP service to authorize requesting peers. In the end, each of the above scenarios, each socket in our mythical toolbox, is a not so mythical. This is how Project JXTA approaches security, and what we will discuss in this keynote presentation.
Automatic emotion recognition in video (2014)

Automatic recognition of emotion is becoming increasingly important component in Human-Machine Interaction (HMI) systems. Recognizing human facial emotion by computer is interesting and challenging problem. Emotions are the key semantic component of human communication. This paper presents the system for recognizing emotions through facial expression displayed in the video. Audio-visual emotion recognition can be carried out with the video sequence. The video sequence is a mixture of both the audio and video information. But in this paper, we are dealing only with the video information to recognize the emotion of a character. This process is carried out by the selection of the target frame followed by the segmentation of the video sequence. Facial feature tracking is performed to extract features. The face is classified in to different Action Units. Face emotions are recognized by using Dynamic Bayesian Network. The results so far shows the approach to have a promising success rate.
Isospectral sets for transmission eigenvalue problem (2019)

Abstract We consider the boundary value problem <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>R</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mi>a</m:mi> <m:mo>,</m:mo> <m:mi>q</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> {R(a,q)} : <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:msup> <m:mi>y</m:mi> <m:mo>′′</m:mo> </m:msup> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mi>x</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> <m:mo>+</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mi>q</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mi>x</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mi>y</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mi>x</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mi>λ</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mi>y</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mi>x</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> {-y^{\prime\prime}(x)+q(x)y(x)=\lambda y(x)} with <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>y</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mn>0</m:mn> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mn>0</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> {y(0)=0} and <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>y</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mn>1</m:mn> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mi>cos</m:mi> <m:mo>⁡</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mi>a</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:msqrt> <m:mi>λ</m:mi> </m:msqrt> </m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:msup> <m:mi>y</m:mi> <m:mo>′</m:mo> </m:msup> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mn>1</m:mn> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mfrac> <m:mrow> <m:mi>sin</m:mi> <m:mo>⁡</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mi>a</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:msqrt> <m:mi>λ</m:mi> </m:msqrt> </m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> <m:msqrt> <m:mi>λ</m:mi> </m:msqrt> </m:mfrac> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> {y(1)\cos(a\sqrt{\lambda})=y^{\prime}(1)\frac{\sin(a\sqrt{\lambda})}{\sqrt{% \lambda}}} . Motivated by the previous work [T. Aktosun and V. G. Papanicolaou, Reconstruction of the wave speed from transmission eigenvalues for the spherically symmetric variable-speed wave equation, Inverse Problems 29 2013, 6, Article ID 065007], it is natural to consider the following interesting question: how does one characterize isospectral sets corresponding to problem <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>R</m:mi> <m:mo>⁢</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo> <m:mn>1</m:mn> <m:mo>,</m:mo> <m:mi>q</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow>