gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fused Deposition of Ceramics and Metals : An Overview (2018)

Fused Deposition of Ceramics (FDC) and Metals (FDMet) are SFF techniques, based on\ncommercial FDMTM technology, for rapid fabrication of functional ceramic and metal parts from\npowderlbinder materials. This work demonstrates the possibility of applying FDC and FDMet to a\nvariety of ceramic and metal particulate systems for fabrication of components/parts/devices for\nwide ranging applications such as tooling, investment casting cores and shells, structural and\nfunctional components, etc. Several particulate ceramic and metal systems have been explored for\nFDC and FDMet. The particulate systems explored vary in particle size from nano-crystalline\n(WC-Co) to coarse (>100 Jlm Si(2) particles. The material systems explored for FDC and FDMet\nvary from conventional ceramic and metal systems such as Si02 and stainless steel to advanced\nmaterials such as Si3N4 and PZT. FDC and FDMet of such a variety of material systems using a\ncommercial FDMTM system has been made feasible by development of a unique series of binders,\nas well as optimized FD processing, binder removal techniques and sintering conditions.
Epilepsy in the African. (1957)

Idiopathic epilepsy is the most frequent form of epilepsy seen in the African in Mashonaland. Syphilis, hypertension and uraemia are uncommon causes, but cysticercosis is not rare. A family history of epilepsy is uncommonly given.
Evaluation of the protocols within the CODE mesh VSAT network (1994)

The Co-Operative Data Exchange (CODE) network is a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system which provides interconnection of local area networks (LANs) at remote sites via satellite. CODE provides both star and mesh capability, dynamically assigning channels on request to the participating sites. The routing function required to ensure the data arrives at the correct end destination is also provided. The CODE hub can provide a data rate of up to 2 Mbps as an outbound signal and the remote sites can respond to the hub (star) or communicate between remote sites (mesh) at 64 kbps. CODE provides the end-user with a standard ethernet interface which provides access to a TCP/IP (transmission control protocol internet protocol) transport service that can support applications such as data dissemination, database interrogation and update, Telnet and e-mail. The CODE technology was initially developed and the CODE network first operated at Ka band frequencies on the European Space Agency's Olympus satellite. The CODE network has now been transferred to the Ku band space segment and also to the alternative Ka band capacity. One example of a Ku band network is the Spanish CODE network which consists of a hub and eight remote sites located at Telecommunication Schools throughout Spain (including the Canary Isles) and uses the HISPASAT space segment to deliver lecture courses from Madrid. The outbound signal is a multimedia signal combining digital voice, video and data with an audio return link. The system has been operational since the end of February 1994.
Adaptive repetitive control to track variable periodic signals with fixed sampling rate (2002)

Recent research has shown that the repetitive control is very efficient in tracking periodic signals, where it is required that an integer number of samples in each period. However, in some industrial applications where the signal period varies but other requirements force a fixed sample rate, the number of samples per period may be a non-integer. To address this problem, this paper presents a new adaptive repetitive control, which deals with the non-integer samples per period due to the fixed sampling rate. The proposed adaptive repetitive control consists of two portions, the repetitive controller and nominal controller, where the former uses a fictitious sampler operating at a variable sample rate maintained at multiple times of the signal frequency, while the latter uses a fixed sampling rate. Interpolations are utilized to generate the fictitious samples required for the repetitive learning. The nearly perfect tracking was achieved for non-integer samples per period, when a simple linear interpolation is used. The error due to the interpolation is quantified, which is negligible to the residual tracking error. The comparison of the proposed and the existing schemes shows the significant improvement on the tracking performance. The experimental results on the control of a servomotor demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
Nano-injection system based on nanorobotic manipulations inside hybrid microscope (2010)

This paper presents a novel nano-injection system based on nanorobotic manipulation inside hybrid microscope, which is combined with optical and environmental-scanning electron microscope (E-SEM). The hybrid microscope is designed to combine the optical microscope (OM) and E-SEM to realize biological specimen analysis by optical microscope image including fluorescent imaging, and nano-scale manipulation by E-SEM imaging. In this paper, we propose the nano-injection method based on nanorobotic manipulation inside the hybrid microscope. The nanoprobe has a sharp tip to insert the probe into biological sample. The probe is fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) process. The Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is used as model organism to analysis various diseases in precisely and shot time. The nanoinjection technique is needed to transport fluorescent materials or specific biological organism into specific cell as in-vivo experiment. The proposed system is considered to be important as future nano-surgery system for life innovation using model organism.
Dose Response of Human Intraocular Pressure to Aceclidine (1972)

The effect of aceclidine on human intraocular pressure was studied. A dose relationship to 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4% aceclidine was established. The 4% aceclidine had a similar pressure lowering response to 2% pilocarpine. The duration of the four concentrations of aceclidine on intraocular pressure lasted at least seven hours.
Initial validation of a diagnostic questionnaire for gastroesophageal reflux disease (2001)

A brief, simple 12-item questionnaire demonstrated validity and reliability and seemed to be responsive to change for reflux and dyspeptic symptoms.
Intra- and inter-stream synchronisation for stored multimedia streams (2002)

Multimedia streams such as audio and video impose tight temporal constraints due to their continuous nature. Often, different multimedia streams must be presented in a synchronized way. We introduce a scheme for the continuous and synchronous delivery of distributed stored multimedia streams across a communications network. We propose a protocol for the synchronized playback, compute the buffer requirement, and describe the experimental results of our implementation. The scheme is very general and does not require bounded jitter or synchronized clocks and is able to cope with clock drifts and server drop outs.
Standardization of quantum key distribution and the ETSI standardization initiative ISG-QKD (2009)

In recent years, quantum key distribution (QKD) has been the object of intensive research activities and of rapid progress, and it is now developing into a competitive industry with commercial products. Once QKD systems are transferred from the controlled environment of physical laboratories into a real-world environment for practical use, a number of practical security, compatibility and connectivity issues need to be resolved. In particular, comprehensive security evaluation and watertight security proofs need to be addressed to increase trust in QKD. System interoperability with existing infrastructures and applications as well as conformance with specific user requirements have to be assured. Finding common solutions to these problems involving all actors can provide an advantage for the commercialization of QKD as well as for further technological development. The ETSI industry specification group for QKD (ISG-QKD) offers a forum for creating such universally accepted standards and will promote significant leverage effects on coordination, cooperation and convergence in research, technical development and business application of QKD.
Performance of multi-bearer connections for varied data services in a TDMA system (2002)

The TDMA structured DECT system provides support for data services such as fax, LAN and video. However, with each time slot capable of providing only 32 kbps, these services can only be supported through multi-bearer connections. The paper aims to quantify through computer simulations, the performance of multi-bearer connections with error control over the DECT radio link. The results of symmetric and asymmetric multi-bearer connections with selective repeat ARQ are presented together with the performance of LAN, video and fax services over various multi-bearer connections.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Biomineralization: Elemental and Organic Influence in Carbonate Systems (2008)

Biomineralization is the accumulation of minerals by organisms especially into biological structures. The biomineral structures perform a wide range of interrelated functions including support and mobility in the vertebrate skeleton and many others. In the biosphere, there are at least 60 different minerals, calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, and silica are the most abundant. The physical and material properties of these biocomposites can be ultimately determined using the variety of biomineral ultrastructures and chemical compositions, in combination with organic components. The organic components influence the mineral even at the level of the unit cell. Biomineral are produced under strict biological means, in which crystallization rate influenced the final composition of the biomineral. Biomineralization process, focusing on marine invertebrates, have been provided with a view of understanding and interpreting climate data recorded by their chemical and isotopic composition. The carbonate systems that are considered includes corals, bivalves, brachiopods, coccoliths, and foraminifera.
Dudosa asociación entre la ingesta de pesticidas organofosforados con un aumento de la incidencia de TDAH (2010)

espanolConclusiones de los autores del estudio: los pesticidas organofosforados, a las dosis comunmente utilizadas en EE.UU., pueden asociarse a un aumento del diagnostico de trastorno de deficit de atencion con/sin hiperactividad (TDAH). Comentario de los revisores: el tipo de diseno del estudio, de tipo transversal, no permite inferir asociacion causal entre exposicion a pesticidas y TDAH. Para estudiar esta hipotesis son necesarios estudios de cohortes prospectivos. Se recomienda el lavado de frutas y verduras antes de su consumo para disminuir la concentracion de pesticidas en estos alimentos. EnglishAuthors� conclusions: organophosphate pesticides at doses commonly used in the U.S., may be associated with an increased diagnosis of attention deficit with / without hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Reviewers� commentary: the type of study design, cross-sectional, does not allow inferring causal association between pesticide exposure and ADHD. To study this hypothesis prospective cohort studies are needed. Washing fruits and vegetables before consumption to reduce the concentration of pesticides in food is recommended.
Kriterien für die Auswahl markierter Substanzen zur nuklearmedizinischen Nierendiagnostik (1965)

Zusammenfassung Die Arbeit bringt einen Überblick über die zur nuklearmedizinischen Nierendiagnostik verwendbaren Substanzen und ihr Verhalten im Organismus. Entsprechend der historischen Entwicklung werden zunächst die Stoffe besprochen, die bei der Nephrographie und der Untersuchung der Nieren-Partialfunktionen zur Anwendung kommen. Die Erörterung der Vor- und Nachteile von zur Szintigraphie verwendeten Radiodiagnostika schließt sich an. Weiterhin wird die Möglichkeit einer kombinierten Untersuchung von Nieren-Funktion und -Struktur diskutiert. Abschließend erfolgt eine Zusammenstellung über die Anwendungsbereiche der einzelnen Stoffe und die für ihre Auswahl wesentlichen Kriterien.
Structured analysis of arbitrary island grids (2013)

This paper summarises an analytic control model for arbitrary island grids and presents findings on the dynamic behaviour of purely inverter driven island grids. Pole zero plots of different grid structures are presented and the influence of several inverter parameters on the grid stability is analysed. Findings show that for improved grid stability the inverter's time constants should also relate to their rated power. Further it is shown how P-Q rotation in the droop control can improve the integration density of renewable power sources in the distribution grid.
A robust image tracker based on phase correlation and Fourier-Mallin transform (2008)

This paper presents an image tracking algorithm for surveillance system, electro-optical tracking system and missile image seeker based on phase correlation and Fourier-Mallin transform. The algorithm consists of an image pre-processing module, a translation estimation module using phase correlation, a fine motion estimation module applied when confidence rate comes from correlation output can not fulfill threshold value, and reference image update module. The fine motion estimation can be used for measuring shift, rotate and scale between a reference and input image based on Fourier-Mellin transform. A sub-pixel registration method is used to enhance estimation accuracy. Proposed algorithm was evaluated its accuracy and robustness using some real indoor and outdoor image sequences.
PHOSPHORUS OXYCHLORIDE IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS. PART 2. 1 SYNTHESIS OF CINNAMIC ACID ARYLAMIDES (2001)

The study of new pathways in the synthesis of cinnamic acid derivatives is of interest from the standpoint of the targeted search for new biologically active compounds. Previously [1], we reported on the use of phosphorus oxychloride in the synthesis of cinnamic acids substituted at the aromatic fragment. Below we describe a simple method for the synthesis of cinnamic acid arylamides possessing pronounced antioxidant, antihypoxant, bile-expelling, and fungicidal properties [2 – 5]. Traditional pathways for the synthesis of acid arylamides (including those of cinnamic acid) represent multistage processes. Typically, the following principal stages are involved [6, 7]: (i) synthesis of cinnamic acid; (ii) obtaining halogen-containing acid anhydride; (iii) condensation of the halogen-containing anhydride with amines. In the case of cinnamic acid arylamides, all these process stages are rather laborious, while usually providing a low yield of the target products. Kira and Gadalla [8] described the reaction of condensation of DMF with dimethylacetamide in the presence of POCl 3 , which leads to the formation of the corresponding -dimethylacrylamides. However, acetanilides were never used in these transformations because it was believed that stabilization of a carbocation (I) formed under the action of POCl 3 would proceed with the formation of an imido ester (II) as a result of proton detachment from the amide group. It was therefore implied that deprotonation of the methyl group with the formation of enamine (III) is unlikely. However, we suggested that enamines (III) would nevertheless appear to interact as nucleophiles with carbocation (IV) formed from the aromatic aldehyde under the action of POCl 3 [1], which would eventually lead to cinnamic acid acetanilides:
Antigenic presentation of heterologous epitopes engineered into the outer surface-exposed helix 4 loop region of human papillomavirus L1 capsomeres (2009)

HPV L1 monomers bearing heterologous epitopes within the L1 h4 region can self-assemble into capsomeres that elicit antibody response against such non-HPV encoded epitopes. Thus, the L1 h4 region can function as a novel antigen display site within the L1 pentamer, which in turn may serve as a potential vaccine template.
Large amplitude lunate-tail theory of fish locomotion (1976)

The two-dimensional theory of lunate-tail propulsion is extended to motions of arbitrary amplitude, regular or irregular, so that an accurate comparison may be made with the actual lunate-tail propulsion of scombroid fishes and cetacean mammals. There is no restriction at all on the amplitude of motion but the tail's angle of attack relative to its instantaneous path through the water is assumed to remain small. The theory is applied to the regular finite amplitude motion of a thin aerofoil with a rounded leading edge to take advantage of the suction force and a sharp trailing edge to ensure smooth tangential flow past the rear tip. This can represent the vertical motions of the horizontal lunate tails of large aspect ratio with which cetacean mammals propel themselves or the horizontal undulations of the vertical lunate tails of certain fast fishes. The dependence of the thrust, the hydromechanical propulsive efficiency and the energy wasted in churning up the eddying wake on the reduced frequency, the angle of attack and the amplitude of motion is exhibited.
Tissue plasminogen activator promotes platelet disaggregation in plasma. (1987)

We studied the disaggregation of human platelets by tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). When added to a suspension of human platelets induced to aggregate in plasma with adenosine 5'-diphosphate, t-PA promoted disaggregation of platelets over several minutes. Addition of fresh plasma or purified human fibrinogen to disaggregated platelets facilitated (reversible) aggregation and subsequent disaggregation. Aspirin treatment of platelets markedly potentiated the ability of t-PA to induce disaggregation. Disaggregation was inhibited by alpha-2-antiplasmin. Comparative analysis of the rate of proteolysis of platelet-bound fibrinogen with that of ambient plasma fibrinogen suggested that fibrinogenolysis of cohesive fibrinogen occurred more rapidly than fibrinogenolysis of ambient fibrinogen. These data demonstrate that t-PA facilitates platelet disaggregation in plasma through kinetically selective proteolysis of cohesive fibrinogen by plasmin, and suggest that thrombolytic mechanisms may serve both to remove platelets from platelet-fibrin thrombi and to disperse circulating platelet aggregates.
Activity-based probes as a tool for functional proteomic analysis of proteases (2008)

Traditional proteomics methodology allows global analysis of protein abundance but does not provide information on the regulation of protein activity. Proteases, in particular, are known for their multilayered post-translational activity regulation that can lead to a significant difference between protease abundance levels and their enzyme activity. To address these issues, the field of activity-based proteomics has been established in order to characterize protein activity and monitor the functional regulation of enzymes in complex proteomes. In this review, we present structural features of activity-based probes for proteases and discuss their applications in proteomic profiling of various catalytic classes of proteases.
Close dependence of fibroblast proliferation on collagen scaffold matrix stiffness (2008)

Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) in free-floating collagen matrices show minimal proliferation, although this may increase when the matrix is 'under tension'. We have investigated the detailed mechanics underlying one of the possible controls of this important cell behaviour, in particular the hypothesis that this is a response to substrate stiffness. Hyperhydrated collagen gels were plastic-compressed (PC) to give a predetermined collagen density and stiffness. Mechanical properties were tested using a dynamic mechanical analyser; cell number by Alamar blue assay. In the stiffest PC matrices, cell proliferation was rapid and seeding density-dependent, with a population doubling time of 2 days. In contrast, compliant attached matrices showed a 4 day lag period and a doubling time of 6 days. HDF growth was directly related to matrix stiffness, such that increasing stiffness using a range of compression levels (0-75% fluid removal) supported increasing proliferation rate, doubling times and matrix elastic modulus. HDF quiescence in compliant matrices was reversible, such that increasing stiffness in situ by compression at 1 and 5 days initiated proliferation. We conclude that collagen matrix stiffness regulates proliferation of fibroblasts (a duro-response), with important implications for understanding fibroblast-matrix feedback controls during wound healing and the design and regulation of engineered connective tissues based on collagen and other hydrogel-based scaffolds.
Expression of Lauroyl–Acyl Carrier Protein Thioesterase in <i>Brassica napus</i> Seeds Induces Pathways for Both Fatty Acid Oxidation and Biosynthesis and Implies a Set Point for Triacylglycerol Accumulation (1998)

Expression of a California bay lauroyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase (MCTE) in developing seeds of transgenic oilseed rape alters the fatty acid composition of the mature seed, resulting in up to 60 mol% of laurate in triacylglycerols. In this study, we examined the metabolism of lauric acid and 14C-acetate in developing seeds of oilseed rape that express high levels of MCTE. Lauroyl-CoA oxidase activity but not palmitoyl-CoA oxidase activity was increased several-fold in developing seeds expressing MCTE. In addition, isocitrate lyase and malate synthase activities were six- and 30-fold higher, respectively, in high-laurate developing seeds. Control seeds incorporated 14C-acetate almost entirely into fatty acids, whereas in seeds expressing MCTE, only 50% of the label was recovered in lipids and the remainder was in a range of water-soluble components, including sucrose and malate. Together, these results indicate that the pathways for beta-oxidation and the glyoxylate cycle have been induced in seeds expressing high levels of MCTE. Although a substantial portion of the fatty acid produced in these seeds is recycled to acetyl-CoA and sucrose through the beta-oxidation and glyoxylate cycle pathways, total seed oil is not reduced. How is oil content maintained if lauric acid is inefficiently converted to triacylglycerol? The levels of acyl carrier protein and several enzymes of fatty acid synthesis were increased two- to threefold at midstage development in high-laurate seeds. These results indicate that a coordinate induction of the fatty acid synthesis pathway occurs, presumably to compensate for the lauric acid lost through beta-oxidation or for a shortage of long-chain fatty acids.
Repeated Rapid Shear-Responsiveness of Peptide Hydrogels with Tunable Shear Modulus (2005)

A pair of mutually attractive but self-repulsive decapeptides, with alternating charged/neutral amino acid sequence patterns, was found to co-assemble into a viscoelastic material upon mixing at a low total peptide concentration of 0.25 wt %. Circular dichroism spectroscopy of individual decapeptide solutions revealed their random coil conformation. Transmission electron microscopy images showed the nanofibrillar network structure of the hydrogel. Dynamic rheological characterization revealed its high elasticity and shear-thinning nature. Furthermore, the co-assembled hydrogel was capable of rapid recoveries from repeated shear-induced breakdowns, a property desirable for designing injectable biomaterials for controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. A systematic variation of the neutral amino acids in the sequence revealed some of the design principles for this class of biomaterials. First, viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels can be tuned through adjusting the hydrophobicity of the neutral amino acids. Second, the beta-sheet propensity of the neutral amino acid residue in the peptides is critical for hydrogelation.