gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical key management scheme using polynomial interpolation (2005)

We present a hierarchical key management scheme using cryptographic hash function and Newton's polynomial interpolation for users key and system resources management. A similar technique has been proposed in 2002 by Shen and Chen, but their scheme suffers large computational overhead and security weakness. We show that our scheme is secure and efficient in comparisons to the Shen and Chen's scheme.
Enhanced Nitrogenase Activity in Strains of <i>Rhodobacter capsulatus</i> That Overexpress the <i>rnf</i> Genes (2000)

In the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus, a putative membrane-bound complex encoded by the rnfABCDGEH operon is thought to be dedicated to electron transport to nitrogenase. In this study, the whole rnf operon was cloned under the control of the nifH promoter in plasmid pNR117 and expressed in several rnf mutants. Complementation analysis demonstrated that transconjugants which integrated plasmid pNR117 directed effective biosynthesis of a functionally competent complex in R. capsulatus. Moreover, it was found that strains carrying pNR117 displayed nitrogenase activities 50 to 100% higher than the wild-type level. The results of radioactive labeling experiments indicated that the intracellular content of nitrogenase polypeptides was marginally altered in strains containing pNR117, whereas the levels of the RnfB and RnfC proteins present in the membrane were four- and twofold, respectively, higher than the wild-type level. Hence, the enhancement of in vivo nitrogenase activity was correlated with a commensurate overproduction of the Rnf polypeptides. In vitro nitrogenase assays performed in the presence of an artificial electron donor indicated that the catalytic activity of the enzyme was not increased in strains overproducing the Rnf polypeptides. It is proposed that the supply of reductants through the Rnf complex might be rate limiting for nitrogenase activity in vivo. Immunoprecipitation experiments performed on solubilized membrane proteins revealed that RnfB and RnfC are associated with each other and with additional polypeptides which may be components of the membrane-bound complex.
Alcohothermal Treatments of Gibbsite: Mechanisms for the Formation of Boehmite (1989)

Abstract Gibbsite samples of various particle sizes (0.2–80 μ m) were heated at 250°C in a series of straight-chain primary alcohols under the autogenous vapor pressure of the alcohol (alcohothermal treatment of gibbsite). The treatment in ethanol yielded pure boehmite, the morphology of which was similar to that of the boehmite obtained by hydrothermal treatment of gibbsite. In middle-range alcohols, the boehmite yields were low (50% if 80 μ m gibbsite was used), and the products were contaminated by a poorly crystallized phase, having a χ-alumina-like structure. The products preserved the morphology of the originating gibbsite, this feature being similar to the thermal dehydration of gibbsite. Complete conversion to boehmite was also attained in mineral oil (a hydrocarbon mixture, which was used as a limit of higher alcohol. The morphology of the boehmite formed in this medium was identical to that of the product prepared by thermal dehydration of gibbsite in a sealed bomb without a medium. If fine particle-size gibbsite was used, the yield of boehmite decreased and the yield of the poorly crystallized phase increased in all the media. The reaction mechanisms may be discussed in terms of the reported mechanisms for the thermal and hydrothermal formations of boehmite from gibbsite. Thus, in lower alcohols boehmite formed by a dissolution-recrystallization mechanism, whereas in middle-range or higher alcohols it formed by intra-particle hydrothermal reaction mechanism proposed by de Boer and coworkers for the thermal dehydration of gibbsite. The difference in behavior in middle-range and higher alcohols can be explained in terms of the solubility of water in the medium: In the middle-range alcohols, water molecules formed by partial dehydration of gibbsite were removed from the gibbsite particles into the medium so that dehydration proceeded in a manner similiar to that of thermal dehydration, whereas in the higher alcohols, the low solubility of water in the medium allowed the water molecules to remain on the surface of the particles, thereby promoting the complete hydrothermal formation of boehmite.
The Chemistry of Escapin: Identification and Quantification of the Components in the Complex Mixture Generated by an <scp>L</scp>‐Amino Acid Oxidase in the Defensive Secretion of the Sea Snail <i>Aplysia californica</i> (2009)

Escapin is an L-amino acid oxidase in the ink of a marine snail, the sea hare Aplysia californica, which oxidizes L-lysine (1) to produce a mixture of chemicals which is antipredatory and antimicrobial. The goal of our study was to determine the identity and relative abundance of the constituents of this mixture, using molecules generated enzymatically with escapin and also using products of organic syntheses. We examined this mixture under the natural range of pH values for ink-from approximately 5 at full strength to approximately 8 when fully diluted in sea water. The enzymatic reaction likely forms an equilibrium mixture containing the linear form alpha-keto-epsilon-aminocaproic acid (2), the cyclic imine Delta(1)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (3), the cyclic enamine Delta(2)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (4), possibly the linear enol 6-amino-2-hydroxy-hex-2-enoic acid (7), the alpha-dihydroxy acid 6-amino-2,2-dihydroxy-hexanoic acid (8), and the cyclic aminol 2-hydroxy-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (9). Using NMR and mass spectroscopy, we show that 3 is the major component of this enzymatic product at any pH, but at more basic conditions, the equilibrium shifts to produce relatively more 4, and at acidic conditions, the equilibrium shifts to produce relatively more 2, 7, and/or 9. Studies of escapin's enzyme kinetics demonstrate that because of the high concentrations of escapin and L-lysine in the ink secretion, millimolar concentrations of 3, H(2)O(2), and ammonia are produced, and also lower concentrations of 2, 4, 7, and 9 as a result. We also show that reactions of this mixture with H(2)O(2) produce delta-aminovaleric acid (5) and delta-valerolactam (6), with 6 being the dominant component under the naturally acidic conditions of ink. Thus, the product of escapin's action on L-lysine contains an equilibrium mixture that is more complex than previously known for any L-amino acid oxidase.
The autologous stump plasty. Treatment for bony overgrowth in juvenile amputees (1991)

Autologous stump capping is a procedure designed to prevent bony overgrowth in skeletally immature amputation stumps. All 19 capping procedures in the lower extremities were successful after an average follow-up of 7.3 years. All patients use their prostheses, and no secondary operations have been needed for stump problems. Of the 31 cap-plasties of the humerus, six required re-operation. The overall failure rate of 12% is low compared with the failure rate of re-amputation.
A Distinct Class of Slow (∼0.2–2 Hz) Intrinsically Bursting Layer 5 Pyramidal Neurons Determines UP/DOWN State Dynamics in the Neocortex (2015)

During sleep and anesthesia, neocortical neurons exhibit rhythmic UP/DOWN membrane potential states. Although UP states are maintained by synaptic activity, the mechanisms that underlie the initiation and robust rhythmicity of UP states are unknown. Using a physiologically validated model of UP/DOWN state generation in mouse neocortical slices whereby the cholinergic tone present in vivo is reinstated, we show that the regular initiation of UP states is driven by an electrophysiologically distinct subset of morphologically identified layer 5 neurons, which exhibit intrinsic rhythmic low-frequency burst firing at ~0.2-2 Hz. This low-frequency bursting is resistant to block of glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission but is absent when slices are maintained in a low Ca(2+) medium (an alternative, widely used model of cortical UP/DOWN states), thus explaining the lack of rhythmic UP states and abnormally prolonged DOWN states in this condition. We also characterized the activity of various other pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons during UP/DOWN states and found that an electrophysiologically distinct subset of layer 5 regular spiking pyramidal neurons fires earlier during the onset of network oscillations compared with all other types of neurons recorded. This study, therefore, identifies an important role for cell-type-specific neuronal activity in driving neocortical UP states.
Transfer of Peptostreptococcus elsdenii Gutierrez et al. to a New Genus, Megasphaera [M. elsdenii (Gutierrez et al.) comb. nov.] (1971)

Peptostreptococcus elsdenii Gutierrez et al. 1959 does not have the characteristics of the genus Peptostreptococcus Kluyver and van Niel. The organism appears t o be unique and is here relegated t o a new genus, Megasphaera. The type species is Megasphaera elsdenii (Gutierrez et al.) comb. nov., of which the type strain is LC1
The apoptosis-1/Fas protein in human systemic lupus erythematosus. (1994)

Three independent mutations involving the apoptosis-1 (APO-1)/Fas receptor or its putative ligand have led to lupuslike diseases associated with lymphadenopathy in different strains of mice. To determine whether humans with SLE also have a defect in this apotosis pathway, we analyzed the expression of APO-1 on freshly isolated blood mononuclear cells and on lymphocytes activated in vitro using flow cytometry and the monoclonal antibody anti-APO-1. Significantly higher level of APO-1 expression were detected on freshly isolated peripheral B cells and both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte populations obtained from lupus patients when compared with normal controls (P < 0.001). Almost 90% of the cells that stained positive for APO-1 also expressed the CD29 antigen, suggesting that APO-1 was upregulated after lymphocyte activation in vivo. No defect in APO-1 regulation was detected after activation of SLE T (with anti-CD3) or B (with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1) lymphocytes in the presence of IL-2 in vitro. Similarly, the anti-APO-1 antibody induced apoptosis in 74 +/- 5% of activated SLE T cells in vitro compared with 79 +/- 6% of the normal controls (P > 0.05). These results reveal that, while APO-1/Fas may play an important role in the regulation of lymphocyte survival in SLE, no consistent defect in the expression or function of the receptor could be detected in these studies.
Some Empirical Observations on Diesel Particulate Filter Modeling and Comparison Between Simulations and Experiments (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Comparisons between 1D simulations and experiments on a mini scale SiC filter are presented.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">First of all, experiments with regeneration for different loading mass and soot composition enabled us to derive an improved pressure drop correlation. The assumption of constant particulate layer permeability proves unable to predict the influence of the gas temperature on the pressure drop. This discrepancy seems to be linked to the high Knudsen number of the flow in the particulate layer. A new correlation is proposed. This correlation contains four adjustable constants which have been determined on a single experimental run. Without modifying these constants, other cases have been correctly simulated. Obviously, more work is needed to substantiate this approach.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In a second step, regenerations with and without additive (Cerium) for two different soot compositions have been simulated and compared with experimental results. Soluble Organic Fraction vaporization has to be taken into account to obtain the right soot mass when regeneration begins. The experimental trend is well captured by numerical simulations.</div>
Isolation of potato proteins using simulated moving bed technology (2008)

The simulated moving bed (SMB) concept of chromatography was applied to treat potato juice from production of starch. The aim was to harvest proteins. SMB offers possibilities to operate with different process strategies and in this study it was shown possible to harvest up to 80% of the protein in a process utilizing very little extra water besides that already present in the juice. After depleting protein from the juice in the adsorption step, the flow through was used to recondition the column after elution. The present study illustrates a new concept of applying chromatography as a capturing step of bulk products.
Holographic Assessment of a Hypothesized Microwave Hearing Mechanism (1979)

Exposure of the head to pulse-modulated microwaves induces the perception of a sound. It has been hypothesized that the electromagnetic energy is converted to acoustic energy in the skull and then conducted through the bone. Dynamic time-averaged interferometric holography showed that the predicted motion of head tissue did not occur. An alternative locus for this hearing effect is suggested.
In Vitro Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae by Lactobacillus delbrueckii Subsp. delbrueckii LDD01 (DSM 22106) (2016)

Overall results suggest that the inhibitory effect of L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii LDD01 should be attributed to the production of a bacteriocin. This strain may be prospectively useful for strengthening probiotic formulations and possibly counteract infections by K. pneumoniae in humans.
A Survey of Binary Code Similarity (2021)

Binary code similarityapproaches compare two or more pieces of binary code to identify their similarities and differences. The ability to compare binary code enables many real-world applications on scenarios where source code may not be available such as patch analysis, bug search, and malware detection and analysis. Over the past 22 years numerous binary code similarity approaches have been proposed, but the research area has not yet been systematically analyzed. This article presents the first survey of binary code similarity. It analyzes 70 binary code similarity approaches, which are systematized on four aspects: (1) the applications they enable, (2) their approach characteristics, (3) how the approaches are implemented, and (4) the benchmarks and methodologies used to evaluate them. In addition, the survey discusses the scope and origins of the area, its evolution over the past two decades, and the challenges that lie ahead.
Are malignant cells displaced by large-gauge needle core biopsy of the breast? (1999)

Tumor cell displacement was observed in 32% of patients who had undergone large-gauge needle core biopsy. The incidence and amount of tumor displacement was inversely related to the interval between core biopsy and excision. This relation suggests that tumor cells do not survive displacement.
An Evaluation of Silica Scale Control Additives for Industrial Water Systems (2008)

Abstract Deposition of colloidal silica and silicate based salts on equipment surfaces continue to pose serious challenges to industrial water technologists. Currently, a wide variety of non-polymeric and polymeric additives are used to combat the problems of silica scaling. These additives are generally effective as scale inhibitors and dispersants under normal operating conditions. However, polymeric additives may lose some performance activity under thermal stress. This paper investigates the impact of composition and the influence of thermal stress on the performance of polymeric silica polymerization inhibitors.
A flexible and scalable message broker for sensor network integration (2009)

Sensor network technologies have experienced an enormous development with the proliferation of sensor devices, custom communication protocols, and methods to exploit the data gathered on such networks. The actual impact of this technology on the enterprise, however, has been quite limited. This is because the community has focused almost exclusively on the sensor devices themselves, while paying little attention to the means to integrate this novel technology into the current enterprise infrastructure. We argue that facilitating this integration would encourage the adoption of sensor networks. Thus we present a scalable message broker for message-oriented middleware that is able to interact with any sensor network by providing a flexible and extensible communication subsystem. This message broker then provides the link to the messaging middleware used in the enterprise network. We describe the architecture of such a broker's communication subsystem and its implementation in Java™. We present the performance of the broker, demonstrating that it scales to interconnect many sensor networks and is able to cope with potentially very large amounts of data from the sensors' readings. Finally, we present an overview of the sensor protocols we have developed, and how they are integrated into the broker, enabling for end-to-end interaction with external enterprise applications unaware of the sensor technology.
Purification and Properties of Diamine Oxidase from <i>Euphorbia</i> Latex (1982)

A diamine oxidase has been purified to homogeneity from the latex of an herbaceous shrub, Euphorbia characias. This enzyme has a relative molecular mass of 144,000 and is composed of two identical subunits. It contain two Cu(II) and two carbonyl-like groups per dimer. The purified enzyme is pink and shows a broad absorption in the visible region centered at 480 nm, which is modified by the addition of phenylhydrazine or semicarbazide. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum is typical of copper(II) in a tetragonal symmetry. This enzyme oxidizes putrescine and cadaverine at fairly high rate and, less efficiently a few related compounds, but not histamine, spermine or spermidine.
Neurologic Complications of 603 Consecutive Continuous Spinal Anesthetics Using Macrocatheter and Microcatheter Techniques (1997)

Recent case reports of cauda equina syndrome after continuous spinal anesthesia have led to a reevaluation of the indications and applications of this regional anesthetic technique.However, few large studies have formally investigated the frequency of neurologic complications using macro- and microcatheter (smaller than 24 gauge) techniques. This retrospective review examines 603 continuous spinal anesthetics, including 127 administered through a 28-gauge microcatheter, performed between June 1987 and May 1992. The surgical procedure was orthopedic in 397 of 476 (83.4%) macrocatheter patients. All microcatheter patients were parturients. Three patients reported pain (persistent paresthesia) postoperatively. In two patients, the symptoms resolved in 4 days; the other patient was discharged 8 days postoperatively with residual foot pain. There was also one patient with aseptic meningitis and one patient with a sensory cauda equina syndrome (still present after 15 mo). There were 58 (9.6%) patients with a postdural puncture headache (PDPH), including 42 of 127 (33.1%) patients in the microcatheter group. An epidural blood patch was performed in 41 (6.8%) patients. The frequency of neurologic complications, excluding PDPH, is similar to those in published reviews. However, PDPH in microcatheter patients is more frequent than previously reported. (Anesth Analg 1997;84:1063-70)
Modelling Survival Data in Medical Research (1993)

Data collected on the time to an event-such as the death of a patient in a medical study-is known as survival data. The methods for analyzing survival data can also be used to analyze data on the time to events such as the recurrence of a disease or relief from symptoms. Modelling Survival Data in Medical Research begins with an introduction to sur
Infant pulmonary hemorrhage in a suburban home with water damage and mold (Stachybotrys atra). (1999)

The American Academy of Pediatrics recently issued guidelines regarding the potential toxic effect of indoor molds. We now report another case of an infant with pulmonary hemorrhage whose residential environmental assessment revealed the presence of the toxigenic mold Stachybotrys atra. We used a questionnaire to identify environmental factors that could predispose the home to fungal contamination. We collected air samples from multiple locations in the home that we felt would reflect areas of relevant exposure. Surface samples were collected with a piece of transparent tape for semiquantitative measurement of spores present. We classified spores into their respective genera based on shape, size, and color. We also measured mycotoxin levels. Air sampling revealed significantly elevated total spore counts in the patient's bedroom and in the attic. Aspergillus/Penicillium species were predominant. Stachybotrys spores were found in the air sampled in the patient's bedroom, as well as from surfaces sampled in the patient's closet and the attic ceiling. Additionally, a small patch of Stachybotrys-contaminated area in the closet ceiling was sent for mycotoxin analysis. This material proved to be highly toxigenic. As the link between the presence of Stachybotrys in the home and pulmonary hemorrhage in infants increases, further efforts should be made to educate physicians, health care providers, and new parents about the potential toxic effects of this mold.
Hydroxylapatite Coatings in Orthopaedic Surgery (1993)

In this volume, leading scientists and surgeons discuss their experience during the past ten years with hydroxylapatite as a coating for orthopaedic implants. The book thoroughly reviews the experimental animal work that led to hydroxylapatite being acceptable for this purpose. Clinical work both in the United States and abroad is covered by numerous surgeons who have experience with a variety of prostheses. More than 250 illustrations both black-and-white and colour complement the text.
IC for motion-compensated 100 Hz TV with natural-motion movie-mode (1996)

An IC for consumer 100 Hz television has been designed and is described in this paper. It applies motion estimation and compensation algorithms for high-quality field rate upconversion and a judder-free motion portrayal of movie material. Noise reduction and vertical zoom are also included on-chip. The IC processes luminance as well as chrominance, and automatically adapts to movie-material. A new design methodology and new test concepts have been developed to meet the economical demands. Because the product readily fits in current 100 Hz TV concepts, increased functionality is added cost-effectively.
Gain limitation due to pump stimulated Brillouin scattering in various fibers (2003)

We investigate Raman amplification limited by pump stimulated Brillouin scattering for various fibers and low noise pump lasers. The obtainable Raman on-off gain depends on the fiber type and the largest difference is 60% in dB scale.