gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Urinary protein as measured with a pyrogallol red-molybdate complex, manually and in a Hitachi 726 automated analyzer. (1986)

In this new method for determining urinary protein, the reaction is complete within 10 min at 37 degrees C. This method is applicable to automated as well as manual measurements. Protein concentration and absorbance at 600 nm are linearly related throughout a wide range of concentrations, 10 to 16 000 mg/L. However, the chromogenicity of the gamma-globulins in this method is 70% of that of albumin, as estimated from results by a biuret method. Within-run CVs were less than 3.3%; the day-to-day CV was 2.9%. Errors due to interfering components in urine are less than 2%. The normal range for urinary protein as measured by this method was from 28 to 141 mg/day. Results by this method (y) and by a trichloroacetic acid-biuret method (x) correlated well (n = 80, r = 0.995; y = 0.99x - 2.9).
Foundations of human reasoning in the prefrontal cortex (2014)

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) subserves reasoning in the service of adaptive behavior. Little is known, however, about the architecture of reasoning processes in the PFC. Using computational modeling and neuroimaging, we show here that the human PFC has two concurrent inferential tracks: (i) one from ventromedial to dorsomedial PFC regions that makes probabilistic inferences about the reliability of the ongoing behavioral strategy and arbitrates between adjusting this strategy versus exploring new ones from long-term memory, and (ii) another from polar to lateral PFC regions that makes probabilistic inferences about the reliability of two or three alternative strategies and arbitrates between exploring new strategies versus exploiting these alternative ones. The two tracks interact and, along with the striatum, realize hypothesis testing for accepting versus rejecting newly created strategies.
Citrus bergamia (2013)

In Calabria, Italy, where bergamot has been successfully cultivated since the eighteenth century, it is commonly defined as "the prince of the Citrus genus." Written by an international panel of experts from multiple disciplines, Citrus bergamia: Bergamot and its Derivatives represents the most complete treatise on bergamot and its derivatives curr
Prediction of the Distribution of Perceived Music Emotions Using Discrete Samples (2011)

Typically, a machine learning model of automatic music emotion recognition is trained to learn the relationship between music features and perceived emotion values. However, simply assigning an emotion value to a clip in the training phase does not work well because the perceived emotion of a clip varies from person to person. To resolve this problem, we propose a novel approach that represents the perceived emotion of a clip as a probability distribution in the emotion plane. In addition, we develop a methodology that predicts the emotion distribution of a clip by estimating the emotion mass at discrete samples of the emotion plane. We also develop model fusion algorithms to integrate different perceptual dimensions of music listening and to enhance the modeling of emotion perception. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through an extensive performance study. An average <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> statistics of 0.5439 for emotion prediction is achieved. We also show how this approach can be applied to enhance our understanding of music emotion.
Oligodendrocyte Dysfunction after Induction of Experimental Anterior Optic Nerve Ischemia (2005)

After rAION induction oligodendrocytes, as well as RGCs, undergo progressive stress, with dysfunction and apoptosis. The findings lead to a proposal that progressive retrograde oligodendrocyte stress, away from the primary lesion, is an important factor after ischemic optic neuropathy. Postinduction demyelination must be addressed for effective neuroprotection of ischemic and hypoxic white matter.
Identification and Structural Characterization of the ALIX-Binding Late Domains of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV <sub>mac239</sub> and SIV <sub>agmTan-1</sub> (2010)

Retroviral Gag proteins contain short late-domain motifs that recruit cellular ESCRT pathway proteins to facilitate virus budding. ALIX-binding late domains often contain the core consensus sequence YPX(n)L (where X(n) can vary in sequence and length). However, some simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag proteins lack this consensus sequence, yet still bind ALIX. We mapped divergent, ALIX-binding late domains within the p6(Gag) proteins of SIV(mac239) ((40)SREKPYKEVTEDLLHLNSLF(59)) and SIV(agmTan-1) ((24)AAGAYDPARKLLEQYAKK(41)). Crystal structures revealed that anchoring tyrosines (in lightface) and nearby hydrophobic residues (underlined) contact the ALIX V domain, revealing how lentiviruses employ a diverse family of late-domain sequences to bind ALIX and promote virus budding.
Chromatin signatures of the <i>Drosophila</i> replication program (2010)

DNA replication initiates from thousands of start sites throughout the Drosophila genome and must be coordinated with other ongoing nuclear processes such as transcription to ensure genetic and epigenetic inheritance. Considerable progress has been made toward understanding how chromatin modifications regulate the transcription program; in contrast, we know relatively little about the role of the chromatin landscape in defining how start sites of DNA replication are selected and regulated. Here, we describe the Drosophila replication program in the context of the chromatin and transcription landscape for multiple cell lines using data generated by the modENCODE consortium. We find that while the cell lines exhibit similar replication programs, there are numerous cell line-specific differences that correlate with changes in the chromatin architecture. We identify chromatin features that are associated with replication timing, early origin usage, and ORC binding. Primary sequence, activating chromatin marks, and DNA-binding proteins (including chromatin remodelers) contribute in an additive manner to specify ORC-binding sites. We also generate accurate and predictive models from the chromatin data to describe origin usage and strength between cell lines. Multiple activating chromatin modifications contribute to the function and relative strength of replication origins, suggesting that the chromatin environment does not regulate origins of replication as a simple binary switch, but rather acts as a tunable rheostat to regulate replication initiation events.
Recent Advances in Enhancement Strategies for Electrochemical ELISA-Based Immunoassays for Cancer Biomarker Detection (2018)

Electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based immunoassays for cancer biomarker detection have recently attracted much interest owing to their higher sensitivity, amplification of signal, ease of handling, potential for automation and combination with miniaturized analytical systems, low cost and comparative simplicity for mass production. Their developments have considerably improved the sensitivity required for detection of low concentrations of cancer biomarkers present in bodily fluids in the early stages of the disease. Recently, various attempts have been made in their development and several methods and processes have been described for their development, amplification strategies and testing. The present review mainly focuses on the development of ELISA-based electrochemical immunosensors that may be utilized for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy monitoring. Various fabrication methods and signal enhancement strategies utilized during the last few years for the development of ELISA-based electrochemical immunosensors are described.
Inactivation of Avian Influenza Viruses by Chemical Agents and Physical Conditions: A Review (2007)

The recent outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) worldwide have highlighted the difficulties in controlling this disease both in developed and in developing countries. Biosecurity is considered the most important tool to prevent and control AI. In certain areas of the world, AI has become endemic and the recent outbreaks in Europe and Africa show that the epidemiological situation is evolving in an unprecedented way. The consequences of this situation are economic losses to the poultry industry, food security issues in developing countries and a serious threat to human health, due to the direct consequences of AI infection in humans, and more alarmingly due to the risk of the generation of a new pandemic virus from the animal reservoir. In this paper, the physical and chemical methods of inactivating AI viruses are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the practicalities of using such methods in the poultry industry.
cDNA sequence and tissue distribution of the mRNA for bovine and murine p11, the S100-related light chain of the protein-tyrosine kinase substrate p36 (calpactin I). (1987)

We have isolated and sequenced cDNA clones of bovine and murine p11 mRNAs. The nonpolyadenylated mRNAs are predicted to be 614 and 600 nucleotides, respectively. The p11 mRNAs both contain a 291 nucleotide open reading frame, preceded by a 5'-untranslated region of 73 nucleotides in bovine p11 mRNA and of 68 nucleotides in murine p11 mRNA. The deduced bovine p11 amino acid sequence is identical to the previously published partial bovine and complete porcine p11 protein sequence except for an additional COOH-terminal lysine residue. The bovine and murine p11 proteins are 92% homologous, whereas at the nucleotide level the conservation is 89% in the coding region and 75% in the 3'-untranslated region. Southern analysis of murine genomic DNA detected a single p11 gene, less than 10 kilobase pairs in size, containing as many as three introns. The p11 gene has been assigned to mouse chromosome 3 by analysis of interspecific hybrid cell panels and recombinant inbred mouse strains. The p11 gene is closely linked to the Xmmv-65 endogenous leukemia virus env gene and the guanylate binding protein-1 gene. Northern analyses of RNAs from mouse tissues and cell lines indicated that p11 mRNA levels vary widely. They are very low in liver, heart, and testes, moderate in brain, spleen, and thymus, and high in kidney, intestine, and lung. Analysis of the same RNA samples for p36 mRNA levels showed that expression of p11 and p36 mRNAs is not always coordinated. Brain and the mouse embryonal carcinoma cell line F9 contain moderate to high levels of p11 mRNA with very low levels of p36 mRNA. Sequence homology between p11 and the S100 proteins, and the serum-induced 2A9 gene product, as well as possible functions of p11 are discussed.
ASSESSMENT OF COMPUTER DISPATCH TECHNOLOGY IN THE PARATRANSIT INDUSTRY (1992)

This report contains the results of an investigation into one area of technological advancement-computer dispatching and scheduling technology. The central research question was whether computer dispatch technology is, or will be, capable of effectively improving the efficiency of dispatching shared-ride vehicles on a real-time basis. The research objectives were: Determine the current operating capabilities of computer dispatch systems; Assess the costs and economic benefits of these systems; Determine the suitability of computer dispatch technology for transit applications, including user interface and information and the Mobility Manager concept; and, Recommend future technological directions for computer dispatch. This study examines current computerized dispatching capabilities of taxicab companies and computerized scheduling capabilities of paratransit operations. Data were obtained through telephone interviews and site visits.
<i>N</i>-Glycosylation in trypanosomatid protozoa (1993)

Trypanosomatid protozoa are parasites of considerable medical and economic importance in developing countries. The pathway leading to N-glycosylation in these microorganisms is characterized by the following features: (i) dolichols are composed of only 10-13 isoprene units; (ii) oligosaccharides transferred in N-glycosylation have the compositions Man(6,7,9)GlcNAc2, depending on the species; (iii) trypanosomatids are unable to synthesize dolichol-P-Glc and, in addition, some species lack certain dolichol-P-Man-dependent mannosyltransferases; (iv) the oligosaccharyltransferase does not require the presence of glucose units in the oligosaccharide in order to catalyse an efficient transfer reaction; (v) trypanosomatids have a glucosidase II-like enzyme, but lack glucosidase I; (vi) glucosidase II is required for deglucosylation of oligosaccharides glucosylated by the UDP-Glc:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase, an activity first detected in those parasites; (vii) the structures of polymannose-type compounds in these protozoa have no significant differences with those of their mammalian counterparts except for the presence, in certain species, of oligosaccharides having galactofuranose units linked to external mannose residues; (viii) biantennary complex-type oligosaccharides having in some cases terminal alpha-linked galactose units or poly-N-acetylactosamine extensions, but lacking sialic acid units, have been described in Trypanosoma brucei; (ix) complex-type oligosaccharides having alpha-linked galactose, fucose and sialic acid residues have been described in Trypanosoma cruzi. In this parasite, addition of sialic acid units to glycoproteins and glycolipids is mediated by a trans-sialidase located on the external surface of the parasite and not by an intracellular CMP-sialic acid-dependent sialyltransferase.
Modeling video objects in 4DIS temporal database system (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Modeling video objects in 4DIS temporal database system Authors: Antonio Si Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong KongView Profile , Rynson W. J. Lau Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong KongView Profile , Qing Li Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong KongView Profile , Hong V. Leong Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong KongView Profile Authors Info & Claims SAC '98: Proceedings of the 1998 ACM symposium on Applied ComputingFebruary 1998 Pages 525–531https://doi.org/10.1145/330560.330914Published:27 February 1998Publication History 3citation285DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads285Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition Blocks Tolerance to the Analgesic Action of k-Opiate Receptor Agonist in the Rat (1994)

The effect of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, on the development of tolerance to the analgesic and hypothermic actions of U-50,488H, a highly selective kappa-opiate agonist, was determined in the rat. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered tolerant to the pharmacological actions of U-50,488H by twice daily intraperitoneal injections of the drug (25 mg/kg) for 4 days. To determine the effect of NMMA on tolerance to U-50,488H, NMMA was administered 10 min prior to each injection of U-50,488H. Multiple injections of U-50,488H resulted in the development of tolerance to its analgesic and hypothermic actions. NMMA (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg) inhibited the development of tolerance to the analgesic but not to the hypothermic action of U-50,488H. Multiple injections of U-50,488H resulted in a slower gain in body weight which was not modified by treatment with NMMA. The results indicate that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase can selectively block the tolerance to its analgesic action in the rat.
Lipid peroxidation, glutathione, vitamin E, and antioxidant enzymes in synovial fluid from patients with osteoarthritis (2009)

Oxidative stress may have a role in pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis. Vitamin E supplementation may have a role in the management of patients.
0.6mW 6.3 GHz 40nm CMOS divide‐by‐2/3 prescaler using heterodyne phase‐locking technique (2013)

A dual‐modulus prescaler based on the heterodyne phase‐locking technique is presented. Different to the conventional LC tank based phase‐locked loop, by directly locking at two injection‐locked ring oscillators simultaneously, a dual‐modulus operation is achieved while a wide‐range operating, significantly reduced settling time and low power consumption are achieved. Implemented in a standard 40nm CMOS process, the proposed divide‐by‐2 and 3 dual‐modulus prescaler achieves an operating frequency of 6.3GHz with a measured power consumption of 0.6mW from a 1.1V supply.
Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Cellular Therapy and Tissue Engineering (2009)

Interest in regenerative medicine has grown worldwide, not only in academic circles, but also in the mass media. Cardiac disease is a leading cause of death, and many more randomized controlled trials investigating the use of regenerative therapy have been reported for the heart than for other organs. This review discusses the candidates for donor cells to be used in cell transplantation and the mechanisms for improving injured heart function.
HIGH MAGNETIC FIELDS (1962)

Some 85 of the papers prepared for the first International Conference on High Magnetic Fields are published in this volume. These reports cover the most significant present work on the generation and use of very high or very special magnetic fields, including new solenoid designs for pulsed or continuous operation, developments in cryogenics, new generators and power supplies, new cooling systems for continuous-field coils, analyses and fabrication experiments on superconductive compounds and rare-earth alloys, continuing attacks on plasma-containment problems arising in controlled thermonuclear fusion research, and studies magnetic-shielding-system parameters for the protection of space travellers against high-energy radiation. The four parts of this volume cover: designs of high-field solenoids and supporting systems, high-field research programs now underway at laboratories around the world, application of high fields in solid-state and low-temperature physics, and use of high fields in plasma physics. References at the end of each paper constitute in sum the most complete bibliography of the field yet compiled.
A numerical study of failure mechanisms in the cemented resurfaced femur: Effects of interface characteristics and bone remodelling (2009)

Failure mechanisms of the resurfaced femoral head include femoral neck fracture in the short-term and stress shielding and implant loosening in the long-term. In this study, finite element simulations of the resurfaced femur considering a debonded implant-cement interface, variable stem-bone interface conditions, and bone remodelling were used to study load transfer within the resurfaced femur and to investigate its relationship with known failure mechanisms. Realistic three-dimensional finite element models of an intact and resurfaced femur were used. Various conditions at the interface between the stem of the prosthesis and the bone were considered. Loading conditions included normal walking and stair climbing. For all stem-bone contact conditions, the tensile stresses in the cement mantle varied between 1 MPa and 5.4 MPa, except near the distal rim of the resurfacing component where they reached 5.4-7MPa. In the case of full stem-bone contact, high von Mises stresses (114-121MPa) were generated in the implant at the stem-cup junction. These stresses were considerably reduced (maximum von Mises stress, 76 MPa) where a gap was present at the stem-bone interface. Resurfacing led to strain shielding of the bone of the femoral head (20-75 per cent strain reductions) and periprosthetic bone resorption (50-80 per cent bone density reductions) for all interface stem-bone contact conditions. In the lateral femoral head and the proximal femoral shaft around the trochantric region, bone density reductions varied between 10 per cent and 50 per cent. Bone apposition was observed in the inferior-medial part of the femoral head and proximal femoral neck region. For full stem-bone contact, more load was transferred through the stem to the surrounding bone, exacerbating strain shielding. Although femoral hip resurfacing conserves bone stock at the primary operation, strain shielding and periprosthetic bone resorption might lead to eventual loosening over time. Post-operatively, the resurfacing procedure generated elevated strains (0.50-0.75 per cent strain) in the proximal femoral neck-component junction irrespective of the variation in interface conditions, indicating an initial risk of femoral neck fracture. Subsequent to bone remodelling, this strain concentration was considerably reduced (0.35-0.50 per cent strain), lowering the risk of neck fracture. In order to reduce the potential risk of neck fracture, patients should avoid activities which might induce high loading of the hip during the early post-operative period to allow the bone around the proximal femoral neck to remodel and heal.
Privacy-preserving, indoor occupant localization using a network of single-pixel sensors (2016)

We propose an approach to indoor occupant localization using a network of single-pixel, visible-light sensors. In addition to preserving privacy, our approach vastly reduces data transmission rate and is agnostic to eavesdropping. We develop two purely data-driven localization algorithms and study their performance using a network of 6 such sensors. In one algorithm, we divide the monitored floor area (2.37m×2.72m) into a 3×3 grid of cells and classify location of a single person as belonging to one of the 9 cells using a support vector machine classifier. In the second algorithm, we estimate person's coordinates using support vector regression. In cross-validation tests in public (e.g., conference room) and private (e.g., home) scenarios, we obtain 67–72% correct classification rate for cells and 0.31–0.35m mean absolute distance error within the monitored space. Given the simplicity of sensors and processing, these are encouraging results and can lead to useful applications today.