gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PANACEA Towards a Self-healing Development Framework (2007)

Self-healing capabilities allow software systems to overcome problems occurring during testing and run time, and thus improve overall system behavior. The PANACEA framework introduced in this paper provides a design methodology as well as ready-to-use healing elements aimed at enhancing software systems with self-healing capabilities both at design time and at run time. The PANACEA approach is based on inserting self- healing elements into the system at design and coding time, to be used later for healing at testing and run time. Specifically, the Panacea framework is based on inserting annotations into the system code at design and coding time, to later on serve as an interface for runtime monitoring, managing, configuring and healing of the annotated system components. The current embodiment of PANACEA includes several generic components that provide self-healing capabilities suited for a variety of application types. The PANACEA runtime environment automatically activates and invokes these components in order to optimize and heal the application. The PANACEA framework provides an innovative programming model that enables development of advanced self-healing applications. PANACEA introduces a paradigm shift in which software is made self-healing by design. This paradigm shift, however, is graceful since developers are not required to master neither new programming skills, nor languages. As our initial experiments demonstrate, PANACEA introduces a very small performance overhead, and scales well.
Network reconfiguration for loss minimization and load balancing (2004)

A power distribution system normally is designed as a weakly meshed network but the system is operated as radial because of the protective problem. To make the system radial, several sectionalizing switches of the network must be opened. A problem to determine which switches should be opened is referred to as "network reconfiguration problem". The loss minimum or load balancing reconfiguration problem for the open loop radial distribution system is formulated as a combinational optimization problem, and is hard to solve. Many solution methods to solve the problem have been proposed so far. In this paper, algorithms proposed in past 15 years in IEEE transactions are surveyed and classified, and several recently developed algorithms are introduced.
ON DESIGN OF BROWSER-ORIENTED DATA EXTRACTION SYSTEM AND THE PLUG-INS (2010)

Web data extraction systems currently not only extract data on web pages but also need to navigate to the target correctly. Most traditional web data extraction systems extract URLs directly from web pages, and then access next pages using the extracted URLs. This data extraction approach is herein called the URL-oriented data extraction approach in this paper. However, currently, more and more web pages use script functions, such as JavaScript, to access next pages and may hide URLs inside these functions, making it difficult to extract URLs. In order to solve this problem, a new data extraction approach, named the browser-oriented data extraction (BODE) approach, is proposed to be built on top of browser objects access pages by simulating users’ operations on browsers to invoke script functions. A data extraction system based on this approach is called the BODE system. Based on the BODE approach, this paper designed a BODE system with the following contributions: (a) Define a scripting language, named the BODED (Browser-Oriented Data Extraction Description) language, which instructs the BODE system to extract data. (b) Design a plug-ins that can be used to extend the functionalities of the BODE system. (c) Design a visualization tool to support the data extraction in the BODE system. (d) Illustrate the plug-in mechanism of the BODE system by automating the playing of the game Connect6 over an Internet game site.
对医疗卫生人员“绝经治疗”的继续医学教育需求评估 (2012)

1 背景介绍 1991年,由美国国立卫生研究院主持开展的妇女健康研究(Women's Health Initiative,WHI)评估了激素治疗(hormone therapy,HT)和发生心脏病、骨折、乳腺癌和结肠癌的风险的关系.WHI研究并未显示HT可以明显缓解受试者的绝经症状,因此影响了美国广大医疗卫生人员和患者对HT的态度,接受HT的患者数量明显减少.但最近有研究支持HT在围绝经期对绝经症状的治疗效果,并发现在绝经期应用HT可以降低骨质疏松和骨折的风险.
AUDIT-3 AND AUDIT-4: EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO SHORT FORMS OF THE ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS IDENTIFICATION TEST (2002)

Both short forms of AUDIT seem to be as effective as the full AUDIT for detecting risky drinking among men and women in PHC settings.
A novel bridgeless single-stage half-bridge AC/DC converter (2010)

This paper proposes a new bridgeless single-stage half-bridge ac-dc converter. The proposed converter integrates the operation of the bridgeless power factor correction (PFC) boost rectifier and the asymmetrical pulse-width modulation (APWM) half-bridge dc-dc converter. The proposed converter provides high power factor and direct power conversion from the line voltage to an isolated dc output voltage without using the full-bridge diode rectifier. Conduction losses are lowered with a simple circuit structure. Switching losses are also reduced by achieving zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of the power switches. The effectiveness of the proposed converter is verified on a 250 W (48 V/5.2 A) experimental prototype.
Scalable array architecture design for full search block matching (1995)

Block matching is a widely used motion estimation algorithm in current video systems. Among typical searching strategies, the full search scheme provides better precision and regular data flow as well as higher parallelism, a characteristic that is advantageous for VLSI implementation. However, the huge computation load incurred by full search results in high cost, especially in high pixel rate applications. Since the block matching algorithm is used in a wide range of pixel rates, an architecture that is cascadable and offers variable computing power is promising. An approach based on dependence graph (DG) is proposed to analyze the operation sequence and data flow of full search block matching. The approach employs a transformation on DGs, called slice and tile, to produce different forms of DGs. Through this technique, most existing architectures can be represented in graphs for analysis, and new architectures can be found. A new architecture is presented that features cascadable modules of processing elements (PEs) with simple interconnection. Therefore, flexibility in computing power is available. The other advantages include variable sizes of the search area and 100% PE utilization. These characteristics offer great flexibility and efficiency for different applications. This architecture is implemented with thirty-two PEs in one chip that consists of 102 K transistors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Untersuchungen zum thermischen Abbau von Cellulose unter homogenen Reaktionsbedingungen (1984)

Abstract Untersuchungen zum homogenen thermischen Abbau unsubstituierter Cellulose wurden in Schmelzlösungen von Ca(SCN) 2 · 3H 2 O, NaSCN/KSCN/DMSO und N‐Methylmorpholin‐N‐oxid (MMNO) im Temperaturbereich zwischen 80 und 170°C durchgeführt und mit Ergebnissen zum heterogenen thermischen Abbau im Faserverband verglichen. Unter Homogenbedingungen erfolgt die Kettenspaltung um etwa eine Größenordnung rascher als im Faserverband unter sonst vergleichbaren Bedingungen. In MMNO liegt offensichtlich ein komplexer Abbaumechanismus unter Beteiligung des Lösemediums bzw. seiner Zersetzungsprodukte vor.
A Novel Stereoscopic Security Architecture with Trust Management for Wireless Sensor Networks (2009)

The unique security requirements of Wireless sensor networks were described as well as the deficiency of the existing security technologies. A novel stereoscopic security architecture with Trust Management was developed which provides a facilitate solution to fit all these requirements, and some key analysis to achieve the WSN security architecture such as layered network communication protocols and trust management were studied. Using this security architecture, a secure model for a shared prototype was constructed which provides a security platform.
THE INFLUENCE OF IMMOBILISATION ON BONE FORMATION AS EVALUATED BY OSSEOUS INCORPORATION OF TETRACYCLINES (1964)

1. The effect of immobilisation on bone formation has been investigated in the rat. As chlortetracycline has the property of being deposited preferentially in areas of newly deposited bone, its uptake can be used as a reflection of osseous formation. 2. One hind limb of albino rats was immobilised either by section of the second, third and fourth lumbar nerve trunks or by section of tendo calcaneus and ligamentum patellae. The incorporation of chlortetracycline was determined quantitatively in the femur and tibia of both hind limbs at intervals after immobilisation. 3. Tetracycline uptake is expressed in terms of bone weight, this being most important in order to obtain correct values. 4. A comparison between the tetracycline uptake and the weight of the bones gives information about the rate of bone destruction. 5. In animals immobilised by nerve section three phases can be distinguished: a first phase with diminished bone formation, a second with increased formation and increased destruction and a third phase with diminished bone formation. Both mechanisms, decreased formation and increased destruction, are therefore important in the production of immobilisation osteoporosis; their relative importance depending upon the duration of the immobilisation. 6. In animals immobilised by tendon section the mechanical function becomes restored in the second week as a result of healing: this explains the rapid compensation for the initial loss of weight of the bones accompanied by a marked increase in tetracycline uptake. 7. These results are discussed and compared with information in the literature. Variations in bone formation and destruction rates with time could explain the varied results reported by other authors.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐DIPOLAR CHARACTER OF SIX‐MEMBERED AROMATIC RINGS. PART 44. FURTHER EXAMPLES OF TROPONOID SYNTHESIS (1980)

Abstract Die aus den Komponenten (I) und (II) erhältlichen Cycloaddukte (III) (bekannt) werden quaterniert [→(IV)]; nachfolgender Hofmann‐Abbau liefert die Tropone (V) und Tropolone (VI).
Targeting DNA Damage Response Promotes Antitumor Immunity through STING-Mediated T-cell Activation in Small Cell Lung Cancer (2019)

Despite recent advances in the use of immunotherapy, only a minority of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) respond to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here, we show that targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) proteins PARP and checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) significantly increased protein and surface expression of PD-L1. PARP or CHK1 inhibition remarkably potentiated the antitumor effect of PD-L1 blockade and augmented cytotoxic T-cell infiltration in multiple immunocompetent SCLC <i>in vivo</i> models. CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell depletion reversed the antitumor effect, demonstrating the role of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in combined DDR-PD-L1 blockade in SCLC. We further demonstrate that DDR inhibition activated the STING/TBK1/IRF3 innate immune pathway, leading to increased levels of chemokines such as CXCL10 and CCL5 that induced activation and function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Knockdown of <i>cGAS</i> and <i>STING</i> successfully reversed the antitumor effect of combined inhibition of DDR and PD-L1. Our results define previously unrecognized innate immune pathway-mediated immunomodulatory functions of DDR proteins and provide a rationale for combining PARP/CHK1 inhibitors and immunotherapies in SCLC. SIGNIFICANCE: Our results define previously unrecognized immunomodulatory functions of DDR inhibitors and suggest that adding PARP or CHK1 inhibitors to ICB may enhance treatment efficacy in patients with SCLC. Furthermore, our study supports a role of innate immune STING pathway in DDR-mediated antitumor immunity in SCLC.<i>See related commentary by Hiatt and MacPherson, p. 584</i>.<i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 565</i>.
The effects of biolatex binders on the dynamic water retention properties of paper coating formulations (2014)

The following paper is a continuation of findings presented by the authors at PaperCon 2012 demonstrating the interesting rheological properties of biolatex binder dispersions and their coating colors relative to conventional coating starches and SB latex binders. The previous work indicated that the rheological performance of biolatex binder is significantly different from that of conventional cooked coating starches and all-synthetic latex containing formulations. This study investigates the dynamic water retention and wall slip properties of the same materials in order improve the understanding on coater runnability performance. Ensuring the correct rheology and water retention of coating colors is important as coater speeds increase and in order to achieve good runnability, productivity and final product quality it is critical to have a comprehensive understanding. It is common that quality and runnability problems originate from the interaction between base paper and the water phase of the coating color. Failure to control this interaction can lead to excessive migration of coating color to the base paper. This results in poor machine runnability, unstable systems and a non-uniform coating layer. In these evaluations an ultra-high shear ACA Viscometer (ACAV) was used to provide further insight into the wall slip properties of coating colors at shear rates that are relevant to industrial-scale paper coating processes. Results from these studies in combination with the results from previously presented rheological studies help explain some of the fundamental differences of these binder systems.
Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors correlates with invasion and metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. (2001)

Overexpression of multiple MMPs and TIMPs is characteristic of HNSCC, and analysis of specific MMPs, MMP-9 in particular, might be useful for evaluating the malignant potential in individual HNSCC.
Advanced Technologies for Producing Massively Stacked Lenticular Sands (1996)

Abstract The massively stacked, lenticular sands of the Piceance, Green River, and Uinta basins have been judged, by the USGS, to be the largest undeveloped gas resource in the U.S. Past attempts to produce natural gas from these formations have been, in the main, disappointing. Six advances in technology offer potential for unlocking a portion of these gas resources and turning them into near-term, low cost gas reserves:–Natural fracture detection to find "sweet spots",–Advanced well log analysis to target productive pay,–Advanced well completion and stimulation to connect pay to the wellbore,–Intensive infill development for efficient drainage,–Recompletion of old wells to add reserves, and–Best practices to reduce costs. Field case studies at Rulison Field, Piceance Basin show how each of these technologies have been applied. The package of technologies presented in this paper may help producers develop stacked, lenticular sands in other basins. This assessment is part of a Gas Research Institute (GRI) research project examining technology improvements for lowering the costs of future gas supplies. Introduction Improved well siting and completion practices have revived a previously discovered, but commercially condemned tight gas play in the southern Piceance Basin of Colorado. Here, the target is the massively stacked, lenticular sands (and coals) of the Mesaverde Group, Williams Fork Formation stretching upward for several thousand feet from the top of the Rollins, through the Cameo coal and sand interval, to the gas and water transition zone below the Wasatch Formation. The bulk of the activity has been at the Rulison and Grand Valley/Parachute fields, where Barrett Resources is drilling, infilling and recompleting wells, and at Mamm Creek where Snyder Oil is active. Chevron, Occidental, and the DOE/NOSR are other participants in this gas play. The Williams Fork lenticular sands gas play was discovered in 1959 by the Juhan #1 Fee well. The well had strong early gas flow rates giving rise to high expectations. When subsequent wells showed poor reserves (0.2 to 0.5 Bcf per well), this gas play was relegated to a low productivity, high cost natural gas resource. Still, these lenticular tight sands were judged to hold massive gas resources in-place of 100 to 300 Tcf, as estimated by the National Petroleum Council and the USGS. Four events have combined to revive this gas play and make it economically competitive, even during the past several years of low gas prices:Improved well siting and well completion practices have significantly improved the productivity of this gas play. P. 505
OCCURRENCE OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND HIGH CYSTEINE CONTAINING ALBUMIN STORAGE PROTEINS IN OILSEEDS OF DIVERSE SPECIES (1981)

The proteins in the oilseeds of species from 11 families, including sunflower, mustard, linseed, almond, lupin, peanut, cucumber, Brazil nut, hazelnut, yucca, castor bean, and cottonseed were studied. Sucrose gradient centrifugation showed that a substantial proportion of the total seed protein from each species migrated with a 2S sedimentation coefficient. The 2S proteins, being water‐soluble and thus termed albumins, comprised 20–60% of the total seed proteins, while faster migrating globulins comprised the rest. The amino acid compositions of the 2S proteins were characterisitic of storage proteins by having a high amide content. However, the 2S proteins are different from the classical globulin storage proteins in having a high content of cysteine. It is proposed that 2S albumins are seed storage proteins with a wide distribution and with chemical properties distinct from those of the globulin storage proteins. They play an additional and unique role of providing sulfur reserve for germination.
GP130 activation induces myeloma and collaborates with MYC (2014)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm that results from clonal expansion of an Ig-secreting terminally differentiated B cell. Advanced MM is characterized by tissue damage that involves bone, kidney, and other organs and is typically associated with recurrent genetic abnormalities. IL-6 signaling via the IL-6 signal transducer GP130 has been implicated as an important driver of MM pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that ectopic expression of constitutively active GP130 (L-GP130) in a murine retroviral transduction-transplantation model induces rapid MM development of high penetrance. L-GP130-expressing mice recapitulated all of the characteristics of human disease, including monoclonal gammopathy, BM infiltration with lytic bone lesions, and protein deposition in the kidney. Moreover, the disease was easily transplantable and allowed different therapeutic options to be evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Using this model, we determined that GP130 signaling collaborated with MYC to induce MM and was responsible and sufficient for directing the plasma cell phenotype. Accordingly, we identified Myc aberrations in the L-GP130 MM model. Evaluation of human MM samples revealed recurrent activation of STAT3, a downstream target of GP130 signaling. Together, our results indicate that deregulated GP130 activity contributes to MM pathogenesis and that pathways downstream of GP130 activity have potential as therapeutic targets in MM.
Observations on the Structure of Diphtheria Toxin (1971)

Diphtheria toxin is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of about 62,000. After being secreted it may be partially digested by proteolytic enzymes released from the bacterial cells into the culture medium and purified preparations of toxin usually contain some of the proteolytic breakdown products. In particular most toxin preparations contain a species (nicked toxin) in which two fragments of molecular weights 24,000 (A) and 38,000 (B) are linked by a single disulfide bond. Fragment B contains an internal disulfide bond. Fragment A is stable to denaturing agents, acid, alkali, and heat, whereas Fragment B forms aggregates in neutral buffers. Fragments similar to A and B are the first tryptic digestion products of reduced toxin but in the absence of thiol-reducing agents trypsin also rapidly hydrolyses a second peptide bond.
Configuring Mixed Reality Environment (2006)

We present a practical framework for registering a Mixed Reality(MR) environment of an arbitrary number of agents. Each agent consist of a head mounted display (HMD), which consists of a pair of stereo cameras. Each agent is assumed to be moving freely in 3D space and multiple HMDs need not have a common Field of View (FoV). We show that the plane at infinity and a common vertical vanishing point can be use to determine the exact orientation of all HMDs with respect to each other, and establish a common reference frame. Our method generalizes previous work which considers restricted camera motions. Using minimal assumptions, we are able to successfully demonstrate promising results on real data.
Complexity: an internet resource for analysis of DNA sequence complexity (2004)

The search for DNA regions with low complexity is one of the pivotal tasks of modern structural analysis of complete genomes. The low complexity may be preconditioned by strong inequality in nucleotide content (biased composition), by tandem or dispersed repeats or by palindrome-hairpin structures, as well as by a combination of all these factors. Several numerical measures of textual complexity, including combinatorial and linguistic ones, together with complexity estimation using a modified Lempel-Ziv algorithm, have been implemented in a software tool called 'Complexity' (http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/programs/low_complexity/). The software enables a user to search for low-complexity regions in long sequences, e.g. complete bacterial genomes or eukaryotic chromosomes. In addition, it estimates the complexity of groups of aligned sequences.
New preparation process for sputtered γ-Fe&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;O&lt;inf&gt;3&lt;/inf&gt;thin film disks (1980)

A new preparation process for sputtered γ-Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> thin film disks has been developed. The new process is composed of Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> film formation by reactive sputtering and oxidation to γ-Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> film. The characteristic of the process is that the Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> single phase film is formed directly by reactive sputtering of an Fe-alloy target in Ar-O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> atmosphere. The magnetic properties and recording results of the newly developed γ-Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> thin films were almost equal to those of the reported sputtered films. Recording density D <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50</inf> reached 1,100 bits/mm.
Synthesis of a cyclodextrin azo dye [3]rotaxane as a single isomer (1999)

Azo coupling between 2,6-dimethylphenol and aqueous 4,4′-bis(diazonio)azobenzene chloride in the presence of α-cyclodextrin yields an azo dye [3]rotaxane as a single stereoisomer, with the 2,3-rims of both cyclodextrins pointing outwards.