gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Porcine 987P glycolipid receptors on intestinal brush borders and their cognate bacterial ligands (1996)

Certain strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli adhere to piglet intestinal epithelial cells by means of the 987P fimbriae. The 987P fimbrial structure consists of a helical arrangement of three fimbrial proteins, namely, the major subunit FasA and two minor subunits, FasF and FasG. FasG, which is located at the fimbrial tip and at various positions along the fimbriae, mediates 987P binding to glycoprotein receptors. In this study, we isolated and analyzed the structure of piglet glycolipid brush border receptors and characterized their cognate ligands on the 987P fimbriae. Two major glycolipid bands recognized by 987P fimbrial probes in thin-layer chromatography overlay assays were further purified by high-performance thin-layer chromatography and shown to comigrate with control galactosylceramide containing hydroxylated fatty acids and with sulfatide. Their structures were confirmed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, which detected homologous series of ceramide monohexoside and sulfatide with hydroxylated fatty acyl chains ranging from h16:0 to h24:0. Assembled 987P fimbriae, pre- and postassembly dissociated fimbrial subunits, and Fab fragments of specific anti-FasG, -FasF, and -FasA were used to inhibit 987P-mediated bacterial binding to the two identified piglet glycolipids and corresponding isoreceptor controls. Only assembled fimbriae and anti-FasG Fab fragments were significantly able to inhibit bacterial binding to sulfatide, indicating that in addition to glycoproteins, FasG recognizes a specific glycolipid of piglet brush borders. In contrast, only anti-FasA Fab fragments were significantly able to inhibit bacterial binding to galactosylceramide with hydroxylated fatty acids and piglet hydroxylated ceramide monohexoside, indicating that FasA may determine a third type of ligand-receptor interaction in the piglet intestines. Since these bacterial adhesins recognize their respective glycolipid receptors only after being assembled in their final fimbrial quaternary structure, adhesin binding may involve cooperative interactions and the subunits by themselves may have very low binding affinities. Alternatively, conformation-sensitive domains of these subunits present in the assembled fimbriae may be required for glycolipid binding.
Phrenic Nerve Graft For Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis (1983)

For bilateral vocal cord paralysis, the phrenic nerve graft procedure has been used in five patients. Data from four of these patients suggest that the technique may in some way improve the glottic airway without long-term diaphragmatic paralysis. No patient to date has demonstrated visible inspiratory vocal cord abduction however. The mechanism of action, if any, is unclear at this time, and we have no electromyographic nor other physiologic data to confirm that true posterior cricoarytenoid muscle reinnervation has taken place.
Control of Resonant Acoustic Sound Fields by Electrical Shunting of a Loudspeaker (2007)

Low-frequency reverberant sound fields are usually suppressed by means of either adaptive feedforward control or Helmholtz resonator. Feedforward systems utilize a noise reference signal, error microphone, and loudspeaker to cancel sound propagating in one direction. Due to the requirement for multiple transducers and a powerful digital signal processor, feedforward systems are the most complex and expensive option for acoustic noise reduction. Helmholtz resonators, comprising auxiliary coupled acoustic chambers, are a popular passive technique for the control of dominant acoustic modes. Although lightly damped acoustic modes can be heavily attenuated, the resonators are difficult to tune and require unpractically large cavity volumes at frequencies below 200 Hz. This paper introduces a new technique for the control of low-frequency reverberant sound fields. By connecting an electrical impedance to the terminals of an acoustic loudspeaker, the mechanical dynamics, and hence, acoustic response can be made to emulate a sealed acoustic resonator. No microphone or velocity measurement is required. In some cases, the required electrical circuit is simply the parallel connection of a capacitor and resistor. With the addition of a single pressure microphone, a technique for online circuit adaptation is proposed. Experimental application to a closed acoustic duct results in 14-dB pressure attenuation of a single acoustic mode. Active impedances can be designed by viewing the system model from a feedback control perspective. The resulting electrical impedances, although not passive, are experimentally shown to attenuate four acoustic modes by up to 10 dB.
Over 200 mW 980 nm pump laser diode module using optimized high-coupling lensed fiber (2003)

The high-power 980-nm pumping laser diode module of 230 mW at kink driving current was fabricated by optimizing the wedge-shape of lensed fiber to achieve 95% coupling efficiency.
Nucleosides. 116. 1-(.beta.-D-Xylofuranosyl)-5-fluorocytosines with a leaving group on the 3' position. Potential double-barreled masked precursors of anticancer nucleosides (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleosides. 116. 1-(.beta.-D-Xylofuranosyl)-5-fluorocytosines with a leaving group on the 3' position. Potential double-barreled masked precursors of anticancer nucleosidesK. A. Watanabe, U. Reichman, C. K. Chu, D. H. Hollenberg, and J. J. FoxCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1980, 23, 10, 1088–1094Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00184a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00184a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CA-4948 for the treatment of melanoma brain metastasis. (2022)

2011 Background: Melanoma is a growing clinical health concern where the incidence has doubled over the last 30 years. A major driver of melanoma associated deaths is the development of brain metastases (MBM). It is estimated that 40-60% of patients with metastatic melanoma will develop MBM. Current treatment strategies have a great local control rate, but do not prevent recurrent disease, with a distant intracranial failure rate of 50% at 1 year. Novel treatments and an improved understanding of the MBM tumor microenvironment are needed. Toll-like receptor signaling is activated in cutaneous melanoma, triggering innate inflammatory activation downstream through the adapter proteins MyD88 and interleukin (IL)-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK-1 and -4). Increased expression of IRAK-4 stimulates transcription of multiple cellular kinases and transcription factors, and production of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. This places IRAK-4 as a central driver of both intrinsic tumorigenicity and immune evasion in melanoma. In this study we examine IRAK-4 activation in MBM, as well as preclinical responsiveness to CA-4948, an oral first-in-class small molecule inhibitor of IRAK-4 that has demonstrated clinical activity and has an acceptable safety in cancer patients. Methods: Using multiparameter IHC and proteomics analysis IRAK-1, IRAK-4, and NF-κB pathway activation were examined in patient MBM tissues and compared to normal controls. Plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain tissue were assessed via UPLC-MS/MS for CA-4948 drug concentration following single oral high dose in a murine model. Using an aggressive preclinical model of MBM, B16F10, downstream biomarker response to treatment including phospho-NF-κB, phospho-ERK1/2, and phospho-P38 was measured in control and CA-4948 treated animals using multi-parameter IHC. Survival response was also tested using the B16F10 model. Results: Our data confirm elevated IRAK-1, IRAK-4, and NF-κB signaling in patient MBM. We also demonstrate that CA-4948 is capable of achieving therapeutically relevant concentrations in the brain parenchyma, and shows single agent activity in an aggressive preclinical model of MBM. We further confirm decreased ERK1/2, MAPK and NF-κB activation in response to CA-4948 treatment. Conclusions: We present here for the first time that IRAK-4 is a strong candidate for targeted therapy in MBM. We further validate CNS penetrance of the oral IRAK-4 inhibitor CA-4948, where single agent markedly reduces the proliferative capacity of aggressive preclinical MBM, resulting in improved survival. These data warrant further investigation of CA-4948 for the treatment of melanoma brain metastases, with far reaching potential as an adjunct to standard of care.
Factors Affecting AVO Analysis of Prestack Migrated Gathers (2002)

G-11 FACTORS AFFECTING AVO ANALYSIS OF PRESTACK MIGRATED GATHERS Summary 1 Prestack migration has become a standard component of seismic data imaging. Recently its application has expanded to include generating migrated gathers for AVO analysis. Prestack imaging relies on the constructive and destructive interference of amplitudes migrated within a suite of restricted offset ranges to reproduce a correctly imaged reflector. However in cases of typical land 3D surveys the spatial sampling is often insufficient to perform this procedure with acceptable fidelity for all offsets. As a result a variety of methods have been developed to account for such inaccuracies in
Effects of Se Atmosphere on the Densification of Absorber Layer Using Cu(In,Ga)Se<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles for Solar Cells (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
A regioselective entry to vinyl lithiums from unsymmetrical ketones via enol triflates (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA regioselective entry to vinyl lithiums from unsymmetrical ketones via enol triflatesWilliam D. Wulff, Glen A. Peterson, William E. Bauta, Kin-Shing Chan, Katherine L. Faron, Scott R. Gilbertson, Ralph W. Kaesler, Dominic C. Yang, and Christopher K. MurrayCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 2, 277–279Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00352a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00352a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4379Altmetric-Citations165LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effect of hydroxyurea on cellular iron metabolism in human leukemic CCRF-CEM cells: changes in iron uptake and the regulation of transferrin receptor and ferritin gene expression following inhibition of DNA synthesis. (1995)

Hydroxyurea inhibits cellular proliferation through action on ribonucleotide reductase, an iron-dependent enzyme responsible for the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides. Whereas previous investigations have examined the interaction of hydroxyurea with this enzyme, the action of hydroxyurea on other aspects of iron metabolism has not been studied in detail. In our study, incubation of CCRF-CEM cells with hydroxyurea resulted in an inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase activity/DNA synthesis within 4 h and produced a parallel decrease in the uptake of iron by cells. In contrast, iron uptake by hydroxyurea-resistant CCRF-CEM cells was not inhibited by hydroxyurea. After 6 h, hydroxyurea produced an increase in the activity of the iron-regulatory protein, a cytoplasmic mRNA-binding protein responsible for regulating the translation of transferrin receptor and ferritin mRNAs. After 24 h, hydroxyurea-treated cells displayed a 1.5-fold increase in transferrin receptor mRNA and protein and a significant decrease in ferritin levels. The hydroxyurea-induced increase in transferrin receptor was abrogated by transferrin-iron. In contrast to hydroxyurea, inhibition of DNA synthesis by 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine produced a decrease in transferrin receptor expression. Our studies suggest that iron uptake by CCRF-CEM cells is closely linked to ribonucleotide reductase activity rather than to transferrin receptor number. Inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase/DNA synthesis by hydroxyurea results in a decrease in iron uptake by cells and an increase in the activity of the iron-regulatory protein, which, in turn, is responsible for the hydroxyurea-induced increase in transferrin receptor and decrease in ferritin synthesis.
The pharmacophore of the human C5a anaphylatoxin (1994)

We have determined which amino acids contribute to the pharmacophore of human C5a, a potent inflammatory mediator. A systematic mutational analysis of this 74-amino acid protein was performed and the effects on the potency of receptor binding and of C5a-induced intracellular calcium ion mobilization were measured. This analysis included the construction of hybrids between C5a and the homologous but unreactive C3a protein and site-directed mutagenesis. Ten noncontiguous amino acids from the structurally well-defined 4-helix core domain (amino acids 1-63) and the C-terminal arginine-containing tripeptide were found to contribute to the pharmacophore of human C5a. The 10 mostly charged amino acids from the core domain generally made small incremental contributions toward binding affinity, some of which were independent. Substitutions of the C-terminal amino acid Arg 74 produced the largest single effect. We also found the connection between these 2 important regions to be unconstrained.
El origen histórico del federalismo norteamericano (2010)

Los Estados Unidos de Norteamerica, primer Estado federal con una Constitucion escrita, siguieron un proceso dificil para hacer compatibles los intereses de las Trece Colonias con la union que se dio a la hora de la Guerra de Independencia. Los asistentes a la Convencion de Filadelfia se dieron cuenta de la necesidad de tener una Constitucion que creara un gobierno federal fuerte. El federalismo que surgio en esa Convencion tiene muchas virtudes que han sido imitadas por otros estados federales
The Logic of Chance. The Nature and Origin of Biological Evolution (2015)

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Some Observations on the Diffusion of Antimicrobial Agents Through the Retention Balloons of Foley Catheters (2007)

Inflation of silicone catheter retention balloons with solutions of nalidixic acid or triclosan rather than water should be considered as strategies to control catheter encrustation. Polyurethane balloons are more permeable than silicone balloons to gentamicin and the fluoroquinolones, and they should be investigated as an alternative to silicone or latex in catheter manufacture.
Menopausal Flushes: Effect of Pituitary Gonadotropin Desensitization by a Potent Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor Agonist* (1981)

Recent evidence suggests that the menopausal flush is linked to the neuroendocrine events which govern pulsatile LH secretion and thermoregulation. This study was designed to determine whether abolishment of LH pulses may abate flush episodes. After pituitary gonadotropin densensitization by a LRF agonist, LH and FSH pulses were abolished, and serum gonadotropin levels were decreased. Flush episodes, however, were unaltered. These findings demonstrate that pulsatile LH release by the pituitary is not causally related to menopausal flushes, and support the contention that flush episodes are initiated by a hypothalamic mechanism(s).
Harmonic cancellation in switched mode Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) excitation of ultrasound arrays (2011)

Switched excitation is a convenient alternative to high frequency linear power amplifiers for multi-channel array systems. Unfortunately, switched mode excitation signals often contain harmonics that are undesirable in applications such as coded harmonic imaging. Harmonics can be reduced in switched excitation with the addition of intermediary voltage levels and careful control of switching timing. This work discusses two, three, five and nine level switched mode excitations suitable for Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) coded excitation. Simulations in MATLAB compare two LFM signals with a central frequency 0.5 MHz, duration of 100 μs and bandwidths of 25% and 100% to an ideal `analogue' case. Simulated results shows harmonic cancellation in the switched mode signals. For the nine level case, all harmonics below the 11th are cancelled. Experimental measurements are also obtained using the UARP system loaded with a 0.5 MHz transducer. Experimental results show cancellation of harmonics to -40 dB below the fundamental, however an increase in the third harmonic is apparent when comparing nine levels to five levels. To further verify harmonic reduction, calculations of the Total Harmonic Distortion are provided for each switched mode excitation up to the ninth harmonic.
<title>Large-aperture broadband sapphire windows for common aperture, target acquisition, tracking, and surveillance systems</title> (1997)

State of the art optical sensing systems performing target acquisition/tracking and surveillance functions are being designed to incorporate a number of sensors into one package. These include visual and MWIR cameras, FLIRs, and laser range finders. These combined systems are being configured to view through a common aperture window. Typical window diameters are to eleven inches, but some surveillance applications have windows approaching twenty inches in diameter. These sensor windows typically operate in hostile environments including very high pressure differentials, large thermal gradients, and severe rain and sand abrasion. EMI/EMC protection and de-icing capabilities are also commonly required. For airborne applications and to minimize thermal gradients, thinner, lightweight, high strength windows are also necessary. Sapphire is an ideal window material to satisfy these requirements due to its high strength, UV-MWIR bandpass, minimal optical scatter, excellent index of refraction homogeneity and very high scratch/impact resistance. Associated optical fabrication, grid lithography and optical coating processes have been developed at Hughes Danbury for sapphire windows. This paper addresses the development of a family of large aperture, broadband sapphire windows which also provide EMI/EMC protection and de-icing capabilities. The resulting design configuration and performance characteristics are also addressed. Future technology development requirements are also discussed.
Effect of cigarette smoke on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in albino rat. (1999)

Effect of cigarette smoke on lipid peroxidation (LPX) and antioxidant enzymes like catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in various organs like brain, heart, lung, liver and kidney of the albino rats exposed to cigarette smoke for 30 min/day for a period of 30 days were assayed. It was observed that the lipid peroxide levels in liver, lung and kidney were enhanced in case of animals exposed to cigarette smoke, whereas brain and heart did not show any change as compared to control animals. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes was also elevated in liver, lung and kidney of the test animals whereas, brain and heart did not show any change in the activities of all of these antioxidant enzymes except glutathione-s-transferase which was increased in brain also. The level of reduced glutathione (GSH) was lowered in liver, lung and kidney of the tested animals when compared with the control animals but there was no significant change in brain and heart. The results of our study suggest that cigarette smoke induces lipid peroxidation in liver, lung and kidney, and the antioxidant enzymes levels were enhanced in order to protect these tissues against the deleterious effect of the oxygen derived free radicals. The depletion of reduced glutathione in these organs could be due to it's utilization by the tissues to mop off the free radicals.
PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTRA OF RARE EARTH IONS IN THE CRYSTAL FIELD OF CALCIUM FLUORIDE (1962)

Paramagnetic resonance data of various rare earth ions in the crystal field of calcium fluoride are presented. It is found that there are at least three types of symmetries, cubic, axial, and trigonal. Some spectra of Cerium (3+), Ytterbium (3+), Erbium (3+), and Neodymium (3+) are presented.
Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Derived Under Chemically Defined Animal Product-Free Low Oxygen Conditions are Rich in MSCA-1 <sup>+</sup> Subpopulation (2014)

Easy accessibility, abundance and genetic 'naivety' make WJ MSCs logistically a more attractive source for clinical applications than BM MSCs.
Lessons Learned from Two Decades of Clinical Trial Experience in Gene Therapy for Fanconi Anemia (2017)

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only curative treatment for patients with the non-malignant bone marrow failure syndrome called Fanconi anemia (FA). However, early and late complications associated with this approach underscore the need for alternative treatments. Gene therapy approaches aiming to correct the genetic defect in the patient's own hematopoietic stem cells remain the most promising strategy to overcome FA-associated bone marrow failure. Yet, despite more than two decades of clinical research, a therapeutic "success" has not yet been achieved. Here we review the clinical trials conducted to date and highlight the unique features of FA revealed by these studies. These features render FA the "holy grail" of hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy approaches, and identify the future steps required to achieve clinical success in this rare disease.