gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional regulation of the leukocyte adherence protein beta subunit during human myeloid cell differentiation. (1988)

Adherence reactions involving human leukocytes are mediated by a family of glycoprotein surface antigens composed of three different alpha subunits designated alpha L, alpha M, and alpha X, each of which is associated with a single beta subunit in an alpha 1 beta 1 heterodimer structure. We cloned the cDNA for the common beta subunit and investigated beta subunit mRNA expression in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells and human granulocytic cells. Leukocyte adherence receptor beta subunit mRNA transcripts were present in low levels in HL-60 myeloblasts and promyelocytes and increased 10-fold or greater with chemically induced differentiation to more mature granulocytes (using retinoic acid and dimethylformamide) or monocyte/macrophages (using phorbol myristate acetate). Levels of beta subunit mRNA expression were also increased both in normal human peripheral blood granulocytes and in granulocytes from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Nuclear run-off assays indicated that the increased steady state level of the beta subunit mRNA in retinoic acid-differentiated HL-60 cells was secondary to enhanced beta subunit gene transcription. We conclude that mRNA levels for the beta subunit of the receptor on human leukocytes that mediates cellular adherence are increased in more mature granulocytic cells compared to immature myeloid precursors and that this enhanced mRNA expression is transcriptionally regulated.
Retinol, Antioxidant Vitamins, and Cancers of the Upper Digestive Tract in a Prospective Cohort Study of Postmenopausal Women (1995)

Very few prospective studies have reported previously on the association of micronutrient intake and the risk of cancers of the upper digestive tract (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach) in western populations. During 7 years of follow-up in the Iowa Women's Health Study, from 1986-1992, 59 of the 34,691 at-risk cohort members developed cancers of the upper digestive tract. The association of retinol and antioxidant vitamins (carotene and vitamins C and E) were evaluated separately for cancers of the mouth/pharynx/esophagus (n = 33) and stomach (n = 26). After adjustment for age, smoking, and total energy intake, higher intakes of carotene and vitamins C and E were related to lower risks of both oral/pharyngeal/esophageal and gastric cancers, while retinol was associated with lower risk of gastric cancer only. The dose-response relation between gastric cancer risk and intake of carotene was clear and statistically significant, with relative risks of 0.6 and 0.3, respectively, observed among women in the upper two versus the lowest tertiles of intake. This study provides further evidence that higher intake of antioxidant vitamins may be important in the prevention of cancers of the upper digestive organs.
A Study of Training Targets for Deep Neural Network-Based Speech Enhancement Using Noise Prediction (2018)

Several architectures have been proposed for deep neural network (DNN)-based speech enhancement; however, these all utilize training targets related to the clean speech signal. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of several training targets in a noise-prediction DNN framework and compare the noise-prediction framework to a conventional speech-prediction network. Objective test results show that the mask-based targets are superior to the spectral magnitude target in the noise-prediction framework. The results also show that the best noise target outperforms the speech-prediction network in terms of objective quality and intelligibility metrics in seen noise conditions. The noise target is also competitive in unseen noise conditions, performing slightly worse in objective quality, but outperforming the speech-based target in objective intelligibility.
The route planning services approach for people with disability (2015)

This paper describes approach and methods used for the development of navigation services for people with disabilities. Our previous papers contained the description of informational environment development for disabled people. The environment includes several applications utilizing unified database and providing the information support to disabled people. The service “Accessibility Passports” was developed to collect information about accessibility of the objects. “Accessibility map” service visualizes the information on the geographical map. This paper is focused on the development of the key service of environment - “Social navigator”. Recently we have presented the service only conceptually without detailed description of navigation approach and methods with adaptation to personal mobility restriction. The paper describes developed methods of navigation for disabled people and elaborated algorithms. Also the practical opportunities of the service to support disabled people are presented. The results of approach study and development work are also presented in the paper.
Performance analysis of an alternative technique for relative positioning by GPS (2008)

The performance of a method for post-mission relative positioning by GPS is evaluated. The method can be implemented as an alternative to the traditional double-differencing technique using a single baseline. Description, methodology and results of tests conducted on land, marine and airborne kinematic modes are presented. In this method, precise orbits and clock corrections are first utilized at the reference station to estimate the measurement atmospheric corrections. These corrections are extrapolated at the user location, and are next combined with the precise orbits and clock corrections to estimate the rover position using the precise point positioning (PPP) technique. The unknown vector in this case includes the unknown coordinates, a receiver clock offset, and the phase ambiguities. A residual ambiguity term for each satellite is added to the parameters to absorb the differential initial phase and inter-frequency biases. The discussed approach has significant operational advantages over the traditional single baseline method including: relatively longer distances can be considered, and positioning is not restricted to synchronization of the rover and the reference station measurements since only measurement corrections from the latter are used. The method also permits the use of more than one reference station in computing the atmospheric corrections, for instance when using archived raw data from RTK reference networks. In this case, the satellite initial phase bias can be estimated at the reference station and used at the rover. During testing, variable reference-to-user ranges were utilized. Positioning by means of the presented method and the traditional single baseline was compared and analyzed. In general, their discrepancies ranged from a few centimeters to a decimeter. The phase measurement ambiguities needed a longer period to be resolved in the PPP mode, ranging between 150 and 400 seconds.
Synthesis of glutathione (1935)

THE cysteine-containing peptide isolated from yeast and detected in various animal tissues by Hopkins [1921], which was named by him glutathione, was first regarded as a dipeptide of glutamic acid and cysteine; evidence in favour of the view that it was y-glutamylcysteine was apparently provided by the work of Quastel et al. The possibility that this hypothesis was incorrect was first indicated by the investigations of
Local tetracycline delivery using hollow fiber devices in periodontal therapy (1979)

Abstract. The present investigation was performed to assess the effect of tetracycline, locally administered via hollow fiber devices, on the microflora of periodontal pockets in humans and on various clinical parameters describing periodontitis. Five patients with advanced periodontal disease were used in the study. Each patient had at least four pairs of contralateral teeth where approximally located pockets could be probed to 6 mm or more. The amount of supragingival plaque present on the tooth surface adjacent to the eight diseased sites was determined as well as the degree of gingival inflammation. Probing depths were recorded with a graduated probe. The clinical measurements were repeated 7, 14, 28, and 37 days following the start of treatment. From the eight pockets bacterial samples were collected from deep subgingival sites. The bacteria were examined in a dark‐field microscope and categorized into the following groups: cocci and non‐motile rods, filaments and fusiforms, motile and curved rods and spirochetes. The percentage distribution of the various forms was calculated. Following the initial examination the patients were given detailed instruction in proper oral hygiene techniques. Three of the diseased sites were treated by scaling and three by tetracycline application using the hollow fiber device. One pair of sites was used as untreated controls. On day 28 the three initially mechanically debrided sites were scaled anew and active fiber material inserted in the three contralateral sites. The experiments showed that it is possible by the use of tetracycline‐filled hollow fiber devices to markedly change the composition of the subgingival flora of initially diseased periodontal sites. Locally delivered tetracycline proved effective in reducing or eliminating clinical symptoms of periodontal pathology.
Fine Particle Suspensions in Organic Liquids (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFine Particle Suspensions in Organic LiquidsC. R. Bloomquist and R. S. ShuttCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1940, 32, 6, 827–831Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50366a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50366a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views152Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Secondary structure of the 3'-noncoding region of flavivirus genomes: comparative analysis of base pairing probabilities. (1997)

The prediction of the complete matrix of base pairing probabilities was applied to the 3' noncoding region (NCR) of flavivirus genomes. This approach identifies not only well-defined secondary structure elements, but also regions of high structural flexibility. Flaviviruses, many of which are important human pathogens, have a common genomic organization, but exhibit a significant degree of RNA sequence diversity in the functionally important 3'-NCR. We demonstrate the presence of secondary structures shared by all flaviviruses, as well as structural features that are characteristic for groups of viruses within the genus reflecting the established classification scheme. The significance of most of the predicted structures is corroborated by compensatory mutations. The availability of infectious clones for several flaviviruses will allow the assessment of these structural elements in processes of the viral life cycle, such as replication and assembly.
A framework for P2P networking of smart devices using Wi-Fi direct (2014)

The use of smart portable devices has become very popular in the society nowadays. Many of these devices are equipped with sensors that can provide a wealth of information about the surroundings once their readings are aggregated. These capabilities have fueled interest in employing these devices in emerging unconventional applications such as crowdsourcing and vehicular networking, where sensors data is shared for better situational awareness, managing road congestion, coordinating disaster recovery, criminals hunting, etc. Internetworking of collocated devices in these applications enables aggregation of sensor readings and decreasing the demand on the carrier's communication resources, which translate to lower cost, better bandwidth utilization and increased user participation. Wi-Fi Direct is one of the most promising peer-to-peer technologies that can enable such local internetworking of devices. Wi-Fi Direct transceivers are available on almost all new smart devices. However, the software support for Wi-Fi Direct is quite limited. This paper highlights limitations in Android based platforms and presents a framework for supporting formation and management of groups of communicating devices. The proposed framework is validated through the implementation of a chat application over multiple Android based devices.
Detection of Curving Ground Vehicles in Radar Data for ISAR Imaging (2008)

nverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of ground moving vehicles using an airborne radar sensor cannot be regarded as a stand-alone problem if operational requirements should be fulfilled. For a system with such an ISAR capability, detection and tracking of moving objects are essential prerequisites for both data acquisition and processing. Consequently, system layout must incorporate components according to a moving target indication (MTI) and tracking system, e.g. multi-channel support and real time STAP (space time adaptive processing) capability. However, alternative solutions are of interest to reduce system cost and allow moving vehicle imaging also for a conventional single channel SAR (synthetic aperture radar) system. This paper proposes a method to identify vehicles which are curving during a conducted data take by analysis of the recorded radar echoes. Identified data intervals could be used for ISAR processing afterwards. Real data of the SAR system PAMIR (phased array multi-channel imaging radar) are used to demonstrate the proposed method.
Steady-state and nonsteady-state action potentials in fibrillating canine atrium: abnormal rate adaptation and its possible mechanisms (1999)

Thus the reduced rate adaptation of steady-state APD is explained mainly by the loss of a slow phase of APD adaptation in nAF/cAF which is reversed in the presence of ryanodine. Therefore, in both nAF and cAF atria, rate adaptation of MDP as well as APD are reduced, nonsteady state as well as steady state, AP characteristics are markedly altered and these changes are partially explicable by Ca, -dependent processes.
Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide Technology: Potential Use for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors (1998)

BACKGROUND: Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) have been proposed as a new therapy for patients with cancer, including malignant brain tumors. Antisense ODNs are taken up by tumor cells and selectively block gene expression. Use of ODNs for brain tumors is attractive due to their theoretical specificity, relative ease of production and, to date, paucity of reported adverse effects. This article presents current information regarding antisense ODNs and their possible future use for the treatment of brain tumors. METHODS: The available published experimental and clinical information regarding antisense ODN treatment of glioblastoma cells and administration into the central nervous system (CNS) was reviewed. Other clinically relevant information pertaining to the molecular biology of antisense ODNs was also collected and summarized. RESULTS: Targets for antisense ODN therapy in malignant glioma cells have included c-myc, c-myb, c-sis, c-erb B, CD44, p34cdc2, bFGF, PDGF, TGF-beta, IGF-1, PKC-alpha tumor necrosis factor, urokinase, and S100beta protein. Few in vivo studies of ODN treatment of brain tumors have yet been reported. Systemically administered ODNs enter the brain only in extremely small quantities; therefore, microinfusion into the brain has been recommended. CONCLUSIONS: Antisense ODNs have been used successfully to block glioblastoma gene expression in vitro and expression of multiple genes within the CNS of experimental animals. Upcoming clinical trials will address the safety of antisense ODN use against malignant brain tumors.
Oligodendrocyte, Astrocyte, and Microglia Crosstalk in Myelin Development, Damage, and Repair (2016)

Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating glia of the central nervous system. Myelination of axons allows rapid saltatory conduction of nerve impulses and contributes to axonal integrity. Devastating neurological deficits caused by demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, illustrate well the importance of the process. In this review, we focus on the positive and negative interactions between oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia during developmental myelination and remyelination. Even though many lines of evidence support a crucial role for glia crosstalk during these processes, the nature of such interactions is often neglected when designing therapeutics for repair of demyelinated lesions. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying glial cell communication and how they influence oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination is fundamental to uncover novel therapeutic strategies for myelin repair.
Effect of radiation on cell survival in vitro. (1966)

Humans and animals can be exposed to mixtures of chemicals from food and water, especially during disasters such as extended droughts, hurricanes and floods. Drought stress facilitates the occurrence of mycotoxins such as aflatoxins B<sub>1</sub> (AfB<sub>1</sub>) and zearalenone (ZEN), while hurricanes and floods can mobilize toxic soil and sediments containing important pesticides (such as glyphosate). To address this problem in food, feed and water, we developed broad-acting, clay-based enterosorbents that can reduce toxin exposures when included in the diet. In this study, we processed sodium and calcium montmorillonite clays with high concentrations of sulfuric acid to increase surface areas and porosities, and conducted equilibrium isothermal analyses and dosimetry studies to derive binding parameters and gain insight into: (1) surface capacities and affinities, (2) potential mechanisms of sorption, (3) thermodynamics (enthalpy) of toxin/surface interactions and (4) estimated dose of sorbent required to maintain toxin threshold limits. We have also used a toxin-sensitive living organism (<i>Hydra vulgaris</i>) to predict the safety and efficacy of newly developed sorbents. Our results indicated that acid processed montmorillonites were effective sorbents for AfB<sub>1</sub>, ZEN and glyphosate, with high capacity and tight binding, and effectively protected hydra against individual toxins, as well as mixtures of mycotoxins.
Role of Peyer's patches in the induction of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> -induced gastritis (2007)

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative spiral bacterium that causes gastritis and peptic ulcer and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Although Th1 immunity is involved in gastritis and the accumulation of H. pylori-specific CD4(+) T cells in the H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa in human patients, how T cells are primed with H. pylori antigens is unknown because no apparent lymphoid tissues are present in the stomach. We demonstrate here that Peyer's patches (PPs) in the small intestine play critical roles in H. pylori-induced gastritis; no gastritis is induced in H. pylori-infected mice lacking PPs. We also observed that the coccoid form of H. pylori is phagocytosed by dendritic cells in PPs. We propose that H. pylori converts to the coccoid form in the anaerobic small intestine and stimulates the host immune system through PPs.
CAP Is a Bifunctional Component of the <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Adenylyl Cyclase Complex (1991)

CAP, a protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that copurifies with adenylyl cyclase, appears to be required for yeast cells to be fully responsive to RAS proteins. CAP also appears to be required for normal cell morphology and responsiveness to nutrient deprivation and excess. We describe here a molecular and phenotypic analysis of the CAP protein. The N-terminal domain is necessary and sufficient for cellular response to activated RAS protein, while the C-terminal domain is necessary and sufficient for normal cellular morphology and responses to nutrient extremes. Thus, CAP is a novel example of a bifunctional component involved in the regulation of diverse signal transduction pathways.
Biochemical characterization and cellular localization of a formalin‐resistant melanoma‐associated antigen reacting with monoclonal antibody NKI/C‐3 (1985)

A monoclonal antibody (MAb NKI/C-3) produced against a purified membrane preparation of human melanoma cells reacts preferentially with sections of formaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues of melanoma, nevocellular nevi, carcinoids and medullary carcinomas of the thyroid. NKI/C-3 did not react with basal-cell carcinoma, brain tissue or brain tumors, and in only 14/196 other tumors was a clear cross-reactivity observed, e.g. with prostate carcinomas and a minority of primary breast, ovarian, lung and clear-cell carcinomas. This antibody was used in an immuno-electron microscopic study for the cellular localization of the antigen. The antigen was dispersed in the cytoplasm of melanoma cells, and more concentrated inside vacuoles and sometimes also on the melanosomes. Occasionally, the antigen was seen on the cell surface. The nature of the antigen was determined in an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). It was found that the antigen is a glycoprotein with a disulfide-dependent configuration that is essential for recognition by the MAb. The antigen was distributed heterogeneously during gel filtration as well as during SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the region of 25-110 kd proteins. A purified antigen preparation that was obtained after affinity chromatography on a column of MAb NKI/C-3 linked to Sepharose 4B contained a carbohydrate:protein ratio of 1:3.5.
Ergodic interference alignment (2009)

Consider a K-user interference channel with timevarying fading. At any particular time, each receiver will see a signal from most transmitters. The standard approach to such a scenario results in each transmitter-receiver pair achieving a rate proportional to 1/K the single user rate. However, given two well chosen time indices, the channel coefficients from interfering users can be made to exactly cancel. By adding up these two signals, the receiver can see an interference-free version of the desired transmission. We show that this technique allows each user to achieve at least half its interference-free ergodic capacity at any SNR. Prior work was only able to show that half the interference-free rate was achievable as the SNR tended to infinity. We examine a finite field channel model and a Gaussian channel model. In both cases, the achievable rate region has a simple description and, in the finite field case, we prove it is the ergodic capacity region.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Conducting Gel Electrolytes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.