gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of dysuria in men. (1999)

Men with pain or a burning sensation on urination should be evaluated with a thorough history, a focused physical examination and urinalysis (both urine dipstick and microscopic examination of the urine specimen). Although dysuria may be caused by anything that leads to inflammation of the urethal mucosa, it is most often the result of urinary tract infection. In younger patients, the infectious agent is usually a sexually transmitted organism such as Chlamydia trachomatis. In patients over 35 years of age, coliform bacteria predominate. Infection in older men most often occurs as a result of urinary stasis secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Other conditions that may cause dysuria include renal calculus, genitourinary malignancy, spondyloarthropathy and medications. Successful treatment of dysuria depends on correct identification of its cause.
A Cytochemical Ultrastructural Study of the Lysosomal System of Different Species of Malaria Parasites (1990)

We have used ultrastructural techniques in different malarial species to demonstrate a lysosomal system. First, we have tried to localize acid phosphatase, a typical lysosomal label. Its activity was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and in endocytic vesicles, and in dense-cored vesicles near the digestive vacuoles, especially in Plasmodium falciparum (FCR3 strain). Then, we have studied the different cellular compartments of the malarial parasite by the zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide technique that heavily contrasted the cellular compartments of the parasite. This experiment led to the observation of a profound rearrangement of the endoplasmic reticulum, especially in P. berghei. A very atypical but functional Golgi apparatus was demonstrated in all the growing stages of the parasite and lysosome-like vesicles were observed, showing a structure very similar to those of the coated vesicles of a true Golgi complex. The presence of these organelles are in favor of the existence of a lysosomal system and of the endogenicity of some enzymes involved hemoglobin degradation.
An Application of Coastal Management Tactics on the Prototype (1987)

The application of coastal management tactics on the Gold Coast, one of the largest coastal resorts within Australia is discussed. The Gold Coast experience to date has been that there are no coastal management protection panaceas and that tactics and flexibility are much more important than unattainable strategies.
Very high speed continuous sampling usingmatched delays (1994)

The authors describe a scheme for very high speed continuous sampling of digital data. It is based on a high speed non-continuous sampling device that uses matched data and clock delay lines. The frquency of the sample clock necessary for continuous sampling is derived., and the components needed to deskew and synchronise the latch outputs for storage in an output register are detailed.
The Role of Specific Tomato Volatiles in Tomato-Whitefly Interaction   (2009)

Bemisia tabaci (whitefly) infestations and the subsequent transfer of viruses are the cause of severe losses in crop production and horticultural practice. To improve biological control of B. tabaci, we investigated repellent properties of plant-produced semiochemicals. The mix of headspace volatiles, collected from naturally repellent wild tomato accessions, influenced B. tabaci initial choice behavior, indicating a role for plant semiochemicals in locating host plants. A collection of wild tomato accessions and introgression lines (Solanum pennellii LA716 x Solanum lycopersicum 'Moneyberg') were extensively screened for attractiveness to B. tabaci, and their headspace profiles were determined by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Correlation analysis revealed that several terpenoids were putatively involved in tomato-whitefly interactions. Several of these candidate compounds conferred repellence to otherwise attractive tomato plants when applied to the plant's branches on paper cards. The sesquiterpenes zingiberene and curcumene and the monoterpenes p-cymene, alpha-terpinene, and alpha-phellandrene had the strongest effects in free-choice bioassays. These terpenes also elicited a response of receptors on the insect's antennae as determined by electroantennography. Conversely, the monoterpene beta-myrcene showed no activity in both assays. B. tabaci apparently uses, besides visual cues, specific plant volatile cues for the initial selection of a host. Altering whitefly choice behavior by manipulation of the terpenoid composition of the host headspace may therefore be feasible.
The natural-constraint representation of the path space for efficient light transport simulation (2014)

The path integral formulation of light transport is the basis for (Markov chain) Monte Carlo global illumination methods. In this paper we present half vector space light transport (HSLT) , a novel approach to sampling and integrating light transport paths on surfaces. The key is a partitioning of the path space into subspaces in which a path is represented by its start and end point constraints and a sequence of generalized half vectors. We show that this representation has several benefits. It enables importance sampling of all interactions along paths in between two endpoints. Based on this, we propose a new mutation strategy, to be used with Markov chain Monte Carlo methods such as Metropolis light transport (MLT), which is well-suited for all types of surface transport paths (diffuse/glossy/specular interaction). One important characteristic of our approach is that the Fourier-domain properties of the path integral can be easily estimated. These can be used to achieve optimal correlation of the samples due to well-chosen mutation step sizes, leading to more efficient exploration of light transport features. We also propose a novel approach to control stratification in MLT with our mutation strategy.
Active damping elements for improving the accuracy of a microlithography machine (2004)

High-precision machines are usually designed according to a limited number of well-known design principles. The dynamic behaviour is optimised mainly by means of proper stiffness management: the design of the mechanical structure is aimed at minimisation of the mass, and maximisation of the stiffness. Damping management is not yet a mature design principle. This is due to the difficulties in designing passive damping mechanisms that do not endanger accuracy. As an example of a vibration problem within an industrial high-precision application, in this paper the need for active damping management in a microlithography machine is discussed. In future, vibrations of the lenses of this machine may pose a practical limit to the accuracy of the lithography process. For that reason, active structural elements have been developed for supporting the lenses. The active elements, consisting of a piezoelectric actuator and a collocated piezoelectric force sensor, are especially suited for implementing robust active damping. The purpose of the present paper is to discuss the conflicting requirements in the mechanical design of the active elements. The discussion is illustrated by means of experimental active damping results that have been obtained on the microlithography machine.
A murine model study on the effect of Garcinia kola on body weight (2011)

The effects of Garcinia kola seed on body weight was studied on adult male rabbits of comparable weight. They were divided into three experimental groups (X, Y, Z) and a control group (A), each consisting of six animals. For six weeks, group X, Y and Z received in addition to normal feed and water 1200mg/kg, 1500mg/kg and 1800mg/kg per body weight respectively of the reconstituted powdered Garcinia kola. Prior to the administration of Garcinia kola and at the end of each week, weights were measured and the mean recorded at the end of the experiment. Comparable weights were observed before and after acclimatization. However, at the end of the six weeks study, there was a dose dependent fall in body weight in the experimental groups and was statistically significant (p<0.05) for group Y (1.47±0.08 kg) and Z (1.48±0.06 kg) compared to the control (1.55±0.06 kg). The observed outcome of this study suggests Garcinia kola seed has potentials for weight management in overweight and thus antiobesity.
G2: a software platform for intelligent process control (2002)

A description is given of the G2 real-time expert system, which operates online with thousands of objects and variables, including reasoning about behavior over time and integration of dynamic models as well as rules into the expert system. Knowledge representation and reasoning issues are discussed. G2's development capabilities are examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Review of Traditional Helical to Recent Miniaturized Printed Circuit Board Rogowski Coils for Power-Electronic Applications (2020)

Latest wide-bandgap power devices are switching progressively faster compared with existing silicon devices. Their accurate current measurements for either control or protection have therefore become tougher. One method that can fulfill the requirements is to use a Rogowski coil and its accompanied electronics to form a Rogowski current sensor with high bandwidth, small volume, low cost, and ease of integration. This article therefore aims to review various aspects of the Rogowski current sensor from its history, measuring principles to modern power-electronic applications. The applications have, in turn, motivated a progression from traditional helical to recent miniaturized printed circuit board implementation, in order to improve the overall power density. This progression has similarly been reviewed, together with its various design aspects applied to the winding, integrator, shielding, and parameters of the Rogowski current sensor. Future challenges and directions are then summarized, whose ultimate goal is to maximize accuracy over a wide bandwidth without being affected by radiated and near-field-coupling interferences.
Consideration on threshold current density of GaInAsP/InP surface emitting junction lasers (1986)

The oscillation condition of the GaInAsP/InP surface emitting (SE) junction laser ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\lambda = 1.3\mu</tex> m) is examined. Theoretical calculations indicate that reflectivity of the mirrors of a Fabry-Perot resonator is necessary to be 95 percent for a reasonably low threshold current density. Then, we have fabricated a new structure for SE laser and compared its threshold current density with the theoretical estimation. In order to maintain the necessary reflectivity without deteriorating the ohmic contact, we adopted a ring electrode where the reflecting mirror is separated from the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</tex> -side electrode. The threshold current was reduced down to 35 mA at 77 K which is 70 percent of the early experiment. The threshold current density was estimated to be 5 kA/ cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The estimated reflectivity was 80-85 percent. The operating temperature has been raised to -21°C (252 K). The temperature dependence of the threshold current near room temperature suggests that room temperature operation of GaInAsP/InP SE lasers is possible by increasing the reflectivity of mirrors and current confinement.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structures of 1,1-Disubstituted-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylgermoles That Exhibit Aggregation-Induced Emission (2011)

A series of 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylgermoles with different 1,1-substituents have been prepared, and their UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectral profiles in solution were determined. A thin-layer chromatography based method was used to measure their solid-state luminescence. Nine of the 11 new germoles have been characterized crystallographically. The aggregation-induced emission effect in these germoles was studied, and significant enhancement of the photoluminescence and quantum yield in mixed solvent–water systems was determined. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed the formation of nanocrystalline aggregates in the mixed solvent–water systems and after exposure of the germoles to acetone, a volatile organic chemical.
KUL: Recognition and Normalization of Temporal Expressions (2010)

In this paper we describe a system for the recognition and normalization of temporal expressions in written text (Task 13: TempEval-2, Task A). The recognition task is approached as a classification problem of sentence constituents and the normalization is implemented in a rule-based manner. One of the system features is extending positive annotations in the corpus by semantically similar words automatically obtained from a large unannotated textual corpus. The best results obtained by the system are 0.85 and 0.84 for precision and recall respectively for recognition of temporal expressions.
Non surgical therapy for anal fissure (2012)

Medical therapy for chronic anal fissure, currently consisting of topical glyceryl trinitrate, botulinum toxin injection or the topical calcium channel blockers nifedipine or diltiazem in acute and chronic fissure and fissure in children may be applied with a chance of cure that is marginally better than placebo. For chronic fissure in adults all medical therapies are far less effective than surgery. A few of the newer agents investigated show promise based only upon single studies (clove oil, sildenifil and a "healer cream") but lack comparison to more established medications.
Automatic dense visual semantic mapping from street-level imagery (2012)

This paper describes a method for producing a semantic map from multi-view street-level imagery. We define a semantic map as an overhead, or bird's eye view of a region with associated semantic object labels, such as car, road and pavement. We formulate the problem using two conditional random fields. The first is used to model the semantic image segmentation of the street view imagery treating each image independently. The outputs of this stage are then aggregated over many images to form the input for our semantic map that is a second random field defined over a ground plane. Each image is related by a simple, yet effective, geometrical function that back projects a region from the street view image into the overhead ground plane map. We introduce, and make publicly available, a new dataset created from real world data. Our qualitative evaluation is performed on this data consisting of a 14.8 km track, and we also quantify our results on a representative subset.
Evaluation of business performance measurements for ISO 9000 initiatives in Indian manufacturing industry (2015)

Manufacturing organisations globally have taken proactive initiatives to effectively improve the manufacturing by ISO quality management system for realising enhanced manufacturing system performance. Therefore, need is felt for an insight into the prevalent quality management practices adopted in the contemporary Indian manufacturing industry. Data from Indian manufacturing industry has been obtained through specially designed ISO 9000 questionnaires and analysed to evaluate the measurements of business performance with various ISO 9000 initiatives. The study reveals that Indian manufacturing industries have been reasonably successful in improving the business performances in the organisations by implementing ISO 9000 Quality Management System. It is established that ISO 9000 implementation over a reasonable time period can significantly contribute towards manufacturing performance enhancements. The study stresses the need for improving the coordination between manufacturing function and other organisational quality improvement initiatives in the organisations, to establish manufacturing as a competitive strategy for meeting the challenges of highly competitive environment.
Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide on Unpromoted and Potassium-Promoted Iron Catalysts (1989)

Abstract The promotional effect of potassium was studied on catalytic behavior of iron in CO2 hydrogenation. A higher product selectivity toward light olefins and long-chain hydrocarbons was obtained on promoted catalyst than on unpromoted catalyst. This can be attributed to the enhancement of carburization on iron catalyst by potassium, as evidenced by Mössbauer spectroscopy and temperature-programmed decarburization.
Interdisciplinary Treatment of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Chronic Pain (2012)

The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation program in a multiple sclerosis (MS) population by evaluating changes in mood, pain, and functioning. This descriptive study examined 20 patients with chronic pain and MS who were admitted to the Cleveland Clinic's Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Program (CPRP) between 2000 and 2009. At both admission to and discharge from the CPRP, measures of pain, depression, and functioning were obtained using a pain visual analogue scale (VAS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), and the Pain Disability Index (PDI). Outcomes for the MS patients were compared with those of patients without MS who had participated in the same program. The results showed that MS patients who completed the CPRP reported dramatic decreases in pain and depression and an increase in daily functioning. The benefits received by MS patients from the program were similar to those received by patients without MS. Thus programs like the CPRP can result in significant improvements in pain, depression, and functioning among people with MS.
Clastogenic and aneugenic effects of three benzimidazole derivatives in the <i>in vitro</i> micronucleus test using human lymphocytes (1995)

Three benzimidazole compounds thiabendazole (TBZ), carbendazim (MBC) and mebendazole (MEB) were analysed with the in vitro cytochalasin-B micronucleus test on human lymphocytes. TBZ was tested in isolated lymphocyte cultures and MBC and MEB were tested in both isolated lymphocyte and whole blood cultures. TBZ was tested up to 300 microM with and without S9-mix. Although signs of toxicity, without S9, were observed by a decrease in the division index at 300 microM, an increase in the frequency of micronucleated binucleates was not found with or without S9. MBC and MEB induced a statistically significant concentration-dependent increase in the micronucleus frequency. The effective concentration range for MEB (0.3-1.5 microM) was ten times lower than for MBC (5-25 microM). By means of fluorescence in situ hybridization with a 30 nucleotide oligomer of the alpha centromeric regions, common for all chromosomes, on the induced micronuclei MBC and MEB were found to induce a significant increase of centromere positive micronuclei in a dose-dependent manner. MBC and MEB are poorly soluble in water and therefore have a low bioavailability in vivo. However, increased micronucleus frequencies were found in this in vitro micronucleus study at doses comparable to in vivo plasma levels in mice and should, therefore, not be neglected in the risk evaluation of those compounds.
Ex vivo visualization of human ciliated epithelium and quantitative analysis of induced flow dynamics by using optical coherence tomography (2017)

This manuscript presents an ex vivo study on human tracheobronchial ciliated epithelium and its induced mucous flow by using OCT. Within OCT images, intact ciliated epithelium is effectively distinguished from cilia-denuded counterpart, which serves as a negative control, by examining the speckle variance images. The cilia beat frequency is extracted by temporal frequency analysis. The flow rate, flow direction, and particle throughput are obtained through particle tracking. The availability of these quantitative parameters provides us with a powerful tool that will be useful for studying the physiology, pathophysiology and the effectiveness of therapies on epithelial cilia function, as well as serve as a diagnostic tool for diseases associated with ciliary dysmotility. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:270-279, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Experimental and numerical investigation of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene composite and application in automobile components (2017)

Due to the good mechanical performances and design flexibility of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropyl-ene (LGFRP) composite, it has been increasingly used in the automotive components, in which the LGFRP components are likely to sustain different strain rates loading during a crash event. This study aims to investigate the correlations between the LGFRP and strain rate, which will be applied to crash-worthiness and energy absorbing property analysis of a bumper beam under the longitudinal impact. Firstly, strain rate dependent material properties are determined, for which the experimental procedure is explained in detail on the tensile specimens of long glass fiber and polypropylene matrix based composite configurations. The gained experimental results provide the input parameters for a numerical analysis of specimens. The numerical results of properties are compared with those from tests. The constitutive model that fits for LGFRP is employed to crash-worthiness and energy absorbing property analysis of a bumper beam under the longitudinal impact. First Published Online: 17 May 2017
Cyclic Conductance Switching in Networks of Redox-Active Molecular Junctions (2010)

Redox-active dithiolated tetrathiafulvalene derivatives (TTFdT) were inserted in two-dimensional nanoparticle arrays to build interlinked networks of molecular junctions. Upon oxidation of the TTFdT to the dication state, we observed a conductance increase of the networks by up to 1 order of magnitude. Successive oxidation and reduction cycles demonstrated a clear switching behavior of the molecular junction conductance. These results show the potential of interlinked nanoparticle arrays as chemical sensors.
Cal Poly SuPER System Photovoltaic Array Universal DC-DC Step Down Converter (2008)

Standard converter topologies are usually presented with a voltage source as the input supply to the converters. However, a photovoltaic (PV) array has the I-V characteristics of a current source not a voltage source. This thesis details the design process of modifying the standard Buck and synchronous Buck converter topologies to function with either a voltage or current source input, making them universal DC-DC step down converters. This is accomplished by placing a capacitor at the converter's input to supply the pulsating current required for the Buck topologies to function properly. The equations for determining the capacitor's size and RMS current rating are derived, and a prototype of each topology was constructed and analyzed. Also, the issues that arose during the integration of the converter's into the SuPER system are discussed. The Cal Poly Sustainable Power for Electrical Resources (SuPER) project seeks to build a stand alone photovoltaic (PV) unit that can supply the energy needs of a single family home. Before the start of this thesis the SuPER project was using an off-the-shelf DC-DC converter to step down the PV array's voltage, perform maximum power point tracking, and act as a charge controller for the battery. One goal of the project is to have a Cal Poly built DC-DC converter that can perform all the functions of the off-the-shelf DC-DC converter currently being used.