gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Shotgun lipidomics on a LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer by successive switching between acquisition polarity modes (2012)

Top-down shotgun lipidomics relies on direct infusion of total lipid extracts into a high-resolution tandem mass spectrometer and implies that individual lipids are recognized by their accurately determined m/z. Lipid ionization efficiency and detection specificity strongly depend on the acquisition polarity, and therefore it is beneficial to analyze lipid mixtures in both positive and negative modes. Hybrid LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometers are widely applied in top-down lipidomics; however, rapid polarity switching was previously unfeasible because of the severe and immediate degradation of mass accuracy. Here, we report on a method to rapidly acquire high-resolution spectra in both polarity modes with sub-ppm mass accuracy and demonstrate that it not only simplifies and accelerates shotgun lipidomics analyses but also improves the lipidome coverage because more lipid classes and more individual species within each class are recognized. In this way, shotgun analysis of total lipid extracts of human blood plasma enabled to quantify 222 species from 15 major lipid classes within 7 min acquisition cycle.
Extractive Desulfurization of Gasoline Using Imidazolium-Based Phosphoric Ionic Liquids (2006)

Sulfur partition coefficients for sulfur compounds 3-methylthiophene (3-MT), benzothiophene (BT), and dibenzothiophene (DBT) between phosphoric ionic liquids (ILs), namely, N-methyl-N-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ([MMIM][DMP]), N-ethyl-N-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ([EMIM][DEP]), and N-butyl-N-methylimidazolium dibutyl phosphate (BMIM][DBP]), and gasoline were determined experimentally at 298.15 K over a wide range of sulfur content and compared with other IL extractants. The solubility of sulfur (as DBT, BT) in ILs aqueous solution at 298.15 K and varying water content was also measured. It was shown that the desulfurization ability of the ILs for each sulfur component (DBT, BT, 3-MT) followed the order of [BMIM][DBP] > [EMIM][DEP] ≫ [MMIM][DMP], and the sulfur removal selectivity for a specified IL followed the order of DBT > BT > 3-MT. The phosphoric ILs are insoluble in gasoline while the fuel solubility in ILs is noticeable and follows the order of [BMIM][DBP] ≫ [EMIM][DEP] > [MMIM][DMP]. Considering the relatively high sulfur removal ability, low fuel dissolvability, and small influence on the gasoline treated, [EMIM][DEP] might be used as a promising solvent for the desulfurization of gasoline via an extractive desulfurization (EDS) process. The sulfur components in the spent ILs could be conveniently separated via a water dilution process.
Fast ConvNets Using Group-wise Brain Damage (2015)

We revisit the idea of brain damage, i.e. the pruning of the coefficients of a neural network, and suggest how brain damage can be modified and used to speedup convolutional layers. The approach uses the fact that many efficient implementations reduce generalized convolutions to matrix multiplications. The suggested brain damage process prunes the convolutional kernel tensor in a group-wise fashion by adding group-sparsity regularization to the standard training process. After such group-wise pruning, convolutions can be reduced to multiplications of thinned dense matrices, which leads to speedup. In the comparison on AlexNet, the method achieves very competitive performance.
Medical ultrasound imaging using pulse compression (1993)

Pulse compression techniques can play a major role in improving image quality in medical ultrasound. A prototype imaging and digital signal processing system incorporating this technique is described. Feasibility studies were performed and system resolution was evaluated with experiments on tissue mimicking phantoms.
Curative effect of inhalation of hypertonic saline combined with epinephrine in the treatment of acute moderate and severe bronchiolitis (2015)

Objective
To observe clinical symptoms and the length of hospital stay of patients with bronchiolitis under different treatment, and the curative effect of inhalation of hypertonic saline combined with epinephrine in the treatment of bronchiolitis.


Methods
A total of 158 patients with bronchiolitis under 2 years old between August 2012 and May 2013 in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were enrolled. According to the admission dyspnea score (respiratory distress assessment instrument, RDAI), all cases were divided into two major groups, moderate group and severe group. Two major groups were randomly divided into three groups (treatment group 1, 2, 3) according to the different treatments respectively. Patients in the treatment group 1 were inhaled pulmicort combined with combivent, treatment group 2 were inhaled hypertonic saline, and treatment group 3 were inhaled hypertonic saline combined with epinephrine. The symptoms and signs disappeared days, respiratory assessment change score, length of hospital stay and the curative effect in every group were observed before and after the treatment.


Results
In the moderate group, there were no significant differences in the length of time of cough, wheeze, lung rales disappears as well as the average length of hospital stay between before and after treatment in three treatment groups respectively (P>0.05, respectively). In the severe group, there were significant differences in the respiratory assessment change score and length of hospital stay of treatment group 2 and treatment group 3 than that of treatment group 1 respectively (P 0.05, respectively).


Conclusion
There were no significant differences in the curative effect between each treatment group for the moderate bronchiolitis patients. For the severe bronchiolitis patients, hypertonic saline combined with epinephrine inhalation had better curative effect, less adverse reactions.


Key words: 
Bronchiolitis; Inhalation; Hypertonic saline; Epinephrine
A geometrically defined discrete hodge operator on simplicial cells (2006)

Discrete electromagnetism (DEM)-in the authors' view-should be a self-consistent theory, mirroring the properties of the continuous electromagnetic theory in a discrete setting. Any recursion to continuous techniques can be interpreted as an inconsistency in the discrete theory. Recently, discrete Hodge operators on tetrahedra and triangles have been introduced that avoid the concepts of interpolation and integration of fields. In this paper we introduce a geometrical definition of a discrete Hodge operator for general dimension n and degree p,0lesnles3,0lesplesn. The definition generalizes previously published definitions. The increased level of abstraction allows for a short definition and a concise discussion of the properties of this operator
Desorption/ionization mass spectrometry on array of silicon microtips (2005)

The matrix-free laser desorption/ionization of the biosamples for time-of-flight mass spectrometry from an array of gated silicon tips has been presented. The gated silicon tips were fabricated similar to the well-known electron-field-emitters gated sources. In this method, called desorption/ionization on silicon tips array, an array of gated silicon sharp tips covered with a biosample and irradiated by a pulsed ultraviolet laser serves as the effective source of ions, replacing standard ionization platforms. Tests have confirmed that the effective laser desorption/ionization of the low-mass biosamples, such as dopamine and leucyl-glycyl-glycine tripeptide, may be obtained. It is possible that the method will play a very important role in post-genetic proteomic investigations.
Comparison of technetium-99m aminoalkyl diaminodithiol (DADT) analogs as potential brain blood flow imaging agents. (1988)

N-ethyl piperidinyl diaminodithiol (NEP-DADT), complexed with 99mTc has been developed as an agent for the measurement of brain blood flow using SPECT. Studies in patients have shown that 99mTc NEP-DADT enters rapidly into the brain, but also clears rapidly (t1/2 = 17 min). In this study nine new aminoalkyl DADT derivatives were synthesized, labeled with 99mTc and tested in mice with the aim of developing an agent with increased retention in the brain. In addition, relationships between chemical properties of the derivatives and their in vivo localization were investigated. The results were as follows: (a) the R-group and its isomeric configuration has a profound influence on the biodistribution; (b) 99mTc aminoalkyl DADT derivatives with apparent pKa values of greater than 6.9 show poor brain uptake (less than 0.40% dose at 5 min); (c) lengthening of the chain between the DADT moiety and the amino-R group from ethyl to hexyl generally increases the apparent pKa and consequently lowers brain uptake; (d) a correlation (r = 0.71) exists between initial brain uptake and the octanol-buffer partition coefficient; (e) 99mTc-4'-methyl NEP-DADT has the highest partition coefficient, relatively high uptake, and longest retention in the mouse brain. This complex has characteristics suited for brain blood flow measurements.
Epitaxially grown semiconducting hexagonal boron nitride as a deep ultraviolet photonic material (2011)

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has emerged as an important material for various device applications and as a template for graphene electronics. Low-dimensional hBN is expected to possess rich physical properties, similar to graphene. The synthesis of wafer-scale semiconducting hBN epitaxial layers with high crystalline quality and electrical conductivity control has not been achieved but is highly desirable. Large area hBN epitaxial layers (up to 2 in. in diameter) were synthesized by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. P-type conductivity control was attained by in situ Mg doping. Compared to Mg-doped wurtzite AlN, which possesses a comparable energy band gap (∼6 eV), dramatic reductions in Mg acceptor energy level and P-type resistivity (by about six to seven orders of magnitude) have been realized in hBN epilayers. The ability of conductivity control and wafer-scale production of hBN opens up tremendous opportunities for emerging applications, ranging from revolutionizing p-layer approach in III-nitride deep ultraviolet optoelectronics to graphene electronics.
Electric field screening by photogenerated holes in multiple quantum wells: A new mechanism for absorption saturation (1990)

We observe saturation in the electroabsorption of InGaAs/InP multiple quantum wells (MQWs) at high optical intensity. Contrary to the mechanism for zero-field MQWs, we find that saturation occurs due to the presence of trapped photogenerated holes that screen the MQWs from the applied electric field. By carefully measuring the absorption coefficient of the wells and the emission time for holes, we are able to fit the observed electroabsorption saturation with no adjustable parameters.
Melodrama, tears, and life of Oharu (2004)

Many of Mizoguchi’s films portray suffering women, but Life of Oharu (1952) may surpass all his others in the depth of suffering portrayed. The film features a young woman, Oharu, who is the daughter of an Imperial samurai. After a brief relationship with a lower class man, her family is exiled from the Imperial court. This event starts a series of misfortunes which, through many episodes, push her down the social ladder and track her moral descent. Ultimately, in her old age, she is reduced to a pathetic, elderly beggar. The film’s tone straightforwardly reflects its subject matter: it is quite sad to watch Oharu systematically destroyed and left with no sense of a brighter future. Yet, other films have portrayed similarly tragic events but fail to move their audience. In this paper, I will discuss various theories of how a film’s narrative structure can affect its ability to generate sadness, and analyze how Oharu arranges its narration in a particularly effective manner towards this end.
Mitochondria, calcium, and tumor suppressor Fus1: At the crossroad of cancer, inflammation, and autoimmunity (2015)

Mitochondria present a unique set of key intracellular functions such as ATP synthesis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ buffering. Mitochondria both encode and decode Ca2+ signals and these interrelated functions have a direct impact on cell signaling and metabolism. High proliferative potential is a key energy-demanding feature shared by cancer cells and activated T lymphocytes. Switch of a metabolic state mediated by alterations in mitochondrial homeostasis plays a fundamental role in maintenance of the proliferative state. Recent studies show that tumor suppressors have the ability to affect mitochondrial homeostasis controlling both cancer and autoimmunity. Herein, we discuss established and putative mechanisms of calcium-dependent regulation of both T cell and tumor cell activities. We use the mitochondrial protein Fus1 as a case of tumor suppressor that controls immune response and tumor growth via maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. We focus on the regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ handling as a key function of Fus1 and highlight the mechanisms of a crosstalk between Ca2+ accumulation and mitochondrial homeostasis. Given the important role of Ca2+ signaling, mitochondrial Ca2+ transport and ROS production in the activation of NFAT and NF-κB transcription factors, we outline the importance of Fus1 activities in this context.
Mechanism of Chaperone Function in Small Heat-shock Proteins (2003)

The consequences of alphaB-crystallin phosphorylation on its chaperone activity were investigated using a detailed analysis of the recognition and binding of destabilized T4 lysozyme (T4L) mutants by alphaB-crystallin phosphorylation mimics containing combinations of serine to aspartate substitutions. The T4L site-directed mutants were selected to constitute an energetic ladder of progressively destabilized proteins having similar structures in the folded state. alphaB-crystallin and its variants differentially recognize the T4L mutants, binding the more destabilized ones to a larger extent. Furthermore, the aspartate substitutions result in an increase in the extent of binding to the same T4L mutant and in the appearance of biphasic binding isotherms. The latter indicates the presence of two modes of binding characterized by different affinities and different numbers of binding sites. The transition to two-mode binding can also be induced by temperature or pH activation of the second mode. The similarity between the phosphorylation, pH, and temperature effects suggests a common structural origin. The location of the phosphorylation sites in the N-terminal domain and the hypothesized burial of this domain in the core of the oligomeric structure are consistent with a critical role for the destabilization of the quaternary structure in the process of recognition and binding by small heat-shock proteins.
Lactose — a potential prebiotic (2002)

Lactose maldigestion, which affects a large majority of the world's population, has been mostly linked with uncomfortable symptoms. In addition, dairy consumption is variably blamed or recommended for a number of ill effects. There is, however, emerging evidence that certain lactic acid-producing bacteria, which selectively consume prebiotics, may be beneficial against some lower intestinal diseases. Lactose maldigestion and lactose should perhaps be re-evaluated as a potential provider of such a prebiotic. This historical and observational review discusses lactose and argues the opinion that it has prebiotic potential. Moreover, in maldigesters, natural ingestion or lack thereof may be relevant in the pathogenesis of diseases such as colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases.
ADAMTS13 Deficiency with Elevated Levels of Ultra-Large and Active von Willebrand Factor in P. falciparum and P. vivax Malaria (2009)

A deficiency in ADAMTS13 (a von Willebrand factor [VWF] cleaving protease) is associated with accumulation of prothrombogenic unusually large VWF multimers (UL-VWF) in plasma. We studied VWF release and proteolysis in patients with symptomatic Plasmodium falciparum or P. vivax malaria on the Indonesian island Sumba. Malaria patients had significantly lower platelet counts and higher VWF concentrations and VWF activation factors than healthy hospital staff controls. The latter indicates that a higher amount of circulating VWF was in a conformation enabling spontaneous platelet binding. In addition, ADAMTS13 activity and antigen levels were reduced in both malaria groups, and this was associated with the appearance of UL-VWF. The mechanism behind this reduction and the role in malaria pathogenesis needs to be further elucidated. In malaria, endothelial cell activation with increased circulating amounts of active and ultra-large VWF, together with reduced VWF inactivation by ADAMTS13, may result in intravascular platelet aggregation, thrombocytopenia, and microvascular disease.
Semantic Similarity Based on Corpus Statistics and Lexical Taxonomy (1997)

This paper presents a new approach for measuring semantic similarity/distance between words and concepts. It combines a lexical taxonomy structure with corpus statistical information so that the semantic distance between nodes in the semantic space constructed by the taxonomy can be better quantified with the computational evidence derived from a distributional analysis of corpus data. Specifically, the proposed measure is a combined approach that inherits the edge-based approach of the edge counting scheme, which is then enhanced by the node-based approach of the information content calculation. When tested on a common data set of word pair similarity ratings, the proposed approach outperforms other computational models. It gives the highest correlation value (r = 0.828) with a benchmark based on human similarity judgements, whereas an upper bound (r = 0.885) is observed when human subjects replicate the same task. 1.
Prognostic value of inflammatory markers (notably cytokines and procalcitonin), nutritional assessment, and organ function in patients with sepsis (2010)

Procalcitonin only showed moderate predictive value for sepsis-related mortality, being surpassed by organ dysfunction, nutritional status, IL-10 and IL-6. However, it proved useful to discriminate between non-complicated and severe forms of sepsis.
Dynamic MEMS-based photonic bandgap filter (2005)

This paper presents the development of an integrated fast filtering system using a photonic band gap (PBG) filter and a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) actuator. The actuator varies the air-gap thickness between two PBG stacks to vary the optical transmission of the stack. The switch is a fast, reliable, electrically driven filter that can be fully integrated with current focal plane array technologies. The filter has been developed to have "on" and "off" states in the 3-5-/spl mu/m wavelength range. The device can be easily tailored for use in other wavebands. It can be stacked to increase the on/off contrast. This MEMS/PBG filter can be hybridized into existing optical system designs, and it can also be integrated into new optical system designs.
A New Automatic Matching Algorithm of Aerial Remote Sensing Images (2011)

In order to solve the traditional problems of matching algorithms such as false-matching and inefficiency, an automatic matching algorithm of aerial remote sensing images based on maximum gradient phase correlation is proposed in this paper. By combining Fourier phase correlation and image gradient, the new algorithm can be broken down into the rough matching and the precise matching with a specific example to show the feasibility of the algorithm in solving the false-matching problem. Experiments show that the aerial remote sensing images are matched automatically and the improved method is steady and the optical aerial remote sensing images can be matched effectively.
Imaging and Analysis of 3D Tumor Spheroids Enriched for a Cancer Stem Cell Phenotype (2010)

Tumors that display a highly metastatic phenotype contain subpopulations of cells that display characteristics similar to embryonic stem cells. These cells exhibit the ability to undergo self-renewal; slowly replicate to retain a nucleoside analog label, leading to their definition as "label-retaining cells"; express specific surface markers such as CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) and CD133; and can give rise to cells of different lineages (i.e., they exhibit multipotency). Based on these characteristics, as well as their demonstrated ability to give rise to tumors in vivo, these cells have been defined as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), tumor-propagating cells, or cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells are highly resistant to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation and are believed to be responsible for the development of both primary tumors and metastatic lesions at sites distant from the primary tumor. Established cancer cell lines contain CSCs, which can be propagated in vitro using defined conditions, to form 3D tumor spheroids. Because the vast majority of studies to identify cancer-associated genes and therapeutic targets use adherent cells grown in 2 dimensions on a plastic substrate, the multicellular composition of these 3D tumor spheroids presents both challenges and opportunities for their imaging and characterization. The authors describe approaches to image and analyze the properties of CSCs within 3D tumor spheroids, which can serve as the basis for defining the gene and protein signatures of CSCs and to develop therapeutic strategies that will effectively target this critically important population of cells that may be responsible for tumor progression.
Responding to Incidental Findings on Research Imaging Studies (2010)

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Mechanical Properties of Concrete Materials Reinforced With Polypropylene or Polyethylene Fibers (1992)

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Writing for television: Elizabeth Huntley (2002)

Elizabeth Huntley trained as a teacher at La Trobe University, then worked in Disability Support at the Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE. During this time, she also attended screenwriting courses at both Open Channel and the Australian Film and Television School, then worked as a Research Assistant for the La Trobe University Media Production Unit, and as a Production Assistant on Sharon Connolly's Nice Girls Like Us. She has since written for several children's television series, including Driven Crazy, Driven Wild and Chuck Finn. Elizabeth was also a regular writer on the A B C series, Something In The Air.
Introduction to Mass Spectrometry (2007)

Preface 1. Introduction to Terminology and Mass Spectral Data 2. Qualitative Applications of Mass Spectrometry 3. Quantitative Applications of Mass Spectrometry 4. Types of Mass Spectrometers 5. Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry 6. Inlet Systems 7. Electron Ionization 8. Chemical Ionization 9. Fast Atom Bombardment 10. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization 11. Electrospray Ionization 12. Elemental Analysis 13. Detectors 14. Data Acquisition and Processing 15. Sample Handling 16. Gas Chromatography -- Mass Spectrometry 17. Liquid Chromatography -- Mass Spectrometry 18. Sources of Error and Interference 19. Vacuum Systems 20. Quantitative Techniques Appendi
Leptin, IL‐10 and Inflammatory Markers (TNF‐α, IL‐6 and IL‐8) in Pre‐Eclamptic, Normotensive Pregnant and Healthy Non‐Pregnant Women (2007)

Our findings suggest a relationship among TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and leptin and indicate that altered levels of above markers in PE might be used as markers of pro-inflammation/anti-inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in pre-eclamptic pregnancies. These results also advocate the abnormal leptin and cytokine responses in mother, which might be involved in the pathogenesis of PE.