gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Babesiosis and blood transfusion: flying under the radar (2006)

Infectious agents of disease continue to plague transfusion medicine as an increasing number of pathogens are described that pose a potential blood safety risk. While the recent focus has been on newly emerged agents, several well-established pathogens provide timely reminders that other agents continue to pose threats, but invariably 'fly under the radar', thereby failing to elicit adequate measures to prevent their transmission by blood transfusion. Perhaps foremost among this group of agents are the Babesia spp., which have been known to cause human disease, in the USA, for close to 40 years. B. microti, B. divergens and several Babesia-like agents are responsible for a growing number of human babesiosis infections. Concomitantly, in the USA, there has been a sharp rise in the number of transfusion-transmitted infections of Babesia spp., attributable almost exclusively to B. microti. Despite the obvious public health issues posed by Babesia spp., options for preventing their transmission by blood transfusion remain limited. However, recognition that the Babesia spp. are indeed an ongoing and expanding blood safety threat will probably prove instrumental in the development of viable interventions to limit transmission of these agents.
High-temperature remote thermometry using laser-induced fluorescence decay lifetime measurements of Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/:Eu and YAG:Tb thermographic phosphors (1993)

An Nd:YAG-laser-based remote sensing system for determining the surface temperature of substrates coated with thermographic phosphors has been developed. The fluorescence decay lifetime versus temperature measurements obtained for Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/:Eu (4.52% Ec) and YAG:Tb (5% Tb) over the temperature range 27 degrees C-1095 degrees C are presented. Both phosphors can be used for continuous temperature measurements over the range of approximately 550 degrees C-1000 degrees C. Stepwise regression analysis is used to calculate empirical relationships expressing temperature as a function of the measured fluorescence lifetimes for both phosphors beyond the onset temperature quenching point. The accuracy of the temperature measurements was estimated to be +or-5%. The intensities of the 611-nm Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/:Eu and the 544-nm YAG:Tb emission lines as a function of temperature are compared.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
From Storytelling to Written Text: The Loss of Early Christian Women's Voices (1996)

Scholars today generally agree that women were more prominent in early Christianity than the evidence of the Second Testament suggests. In this article I argue that a major reason for the loss of early Christian women's voices was the shift from an oral to a manuscript medium. The few men who were literate tended to minimize and trivialize the stories about women in composing the written manuscripts. First I retell an ancient story, then briefly describe literacy and orality in antiquity. Then I discuss the question of oral vs. written media and access to authority. Next, I describe what happened to women's folk tales as they were transformed into the print medium by men. Finally, I describe the traces of similar minimalizing and distortion of stories about women to be found in the Gospels.
A Study of Hypermethylated Circulating Tumor DNA as a Universal Colorectal Cancer Biomarker (2016)

These results indicate that MetctDNA could be used as a universal surrogate marker for tumor follow-up in CRC patients, and monitoring MetctDNA by droplet-based dPCR could avoid the need for monitoring mutations.
Code-division multiplexing of a sensor channel: a software implementation (1999)

This paper demonstrates the use of software radio techniques in the context of sensing, rather than communications. It describes code-division multiplexing (CDMA) and time-division multiplexing (TDMA) of a receiver channel in an electric field sensing system. The only hardware used is a front-end gain stage consisting of two opamps and a microcontroller. The modulation and demodulation operations are implemented entirely in the microcontroller software. Multiple coded waveforms are transmitted simultaneously, and induce a combined signal on a single receive electrode. The combined signal, after passing through a single analog front end terminating in an analog-to-digital converter, is separated into the four original component signals by a software demodulation operation. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) achieved by the code-division multiplexed system given a fixed measurement time is compared to the SNR achieved by a time-division multiplexed implementation given the same total measurement time. The paper also compares the scaling of TDMA and CDMA performance with the number of transmitted channels and the number of demodulated channels.
Managing XML references through the XRM vocabulary (2009)

This paper presents a general purpose method (called XRM for XML References Management) to express knowledge about links common to a family of XML documents (a.k.a. a document type) and to exploit this knowledge in order to operate verifications, transformations or derivations of the corresponding XML instances.
Principles of plasma physics (1973)

Principles of Plasma Physics is being made available in paperback reprint following the discontinuation of the original hardcover version, which appeared in the prestigious International Series in Pure and Applied Physics ad is now out of print.
Multinomial Adversarial Networks for Multi-Domain Text Classification (2018)

Many text classification tasks are known to be highly domain-dependent. Unfortunately, the availability of training data can vary drastically across domains. Worse still, for some domains there may not be any annotated data at all. In this work, we propose a multinomial adversarial network (MAN) to tackle the text classification problem in this real-world multidomain setting (MDTC). We provide theoretical justifications for the MAN framework, proving that different instances of MANs are essentially minimizers of various f-divergence metrics (Ali and Silvey, 1966) among multiple probability distributions. MANs are thus a theoretically sound generalization of traditional adversarial networks that discriminate over two distributions. More specifically, for the MDTC task, MAN learns features that are invariant across multiple domains by resorting to its ability to reduce the divergence among the feature distributions of each domain. We present experimental results showing that MANs significantly outperform the prior art on the MDTC task. We also show that MANs achieve state-of-the-art performance for domains with no labeled data.
Structure Elucidation of Australifungin, a Potent Inhibitor of Sphinganine N-Acyltransferase in Sphingolipid Biosynthesis from Sporormiella australis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure Elucidation of Australifungin, a Potent Inhibitor of Sphinganine N-Acyltransferase in Sphingolipid Biosynthesis from Sporormiella australisOtto D. Hensens, Gregory L. Helms, E. Tracy Turner Jones, and Guy H. HarrisCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 6, 1772–1776Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00111a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00111a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views269Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopropanation of Unsaturated Compounds with Diazomethane Generated in situ: A New Efficient and Practical Route to Cyclopropane Derivatives. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
CloudFridge: A Testbed for Smart Fridge Interactions (2014)

We present a testbed for exploring novel smart refrigerator interactions, and identify three key adoption-limiting interaction shortcomings of state-of-the-art smart fridges: lack of 1) user experience focus, 2) low-intrusion object recognition and 2) automatic item position detection. Our testbed system addresses these limitations by a combination of sensors, software filters, architectural components and a RESTful API to track interaction events in real-time, and retrieve current state and historical data to learn patterns and recommend user actions. We evaluate the accuracy and overhead of our system in a realistic interaction flow. The accuracy was measured to 83-88% and the overhead compared to a representative state-of-the-art barcode scanner improved by 27%. We also showcase two applications built on top of our testbed, one for finding expired items and ingredients of dishes; and one to monitor your health. The pattern that these applications have in common is that they cast the interaction as an item-recommendation problem triggered when the user takes something out. Our testbed could help reveal further user-experience centric interaction patterns and new classes of applications for smart fridges that inherently, by relying on our testbed primitives, mitigate the issues with existing approaches.
Influence of fuel-oil temperature on the combustion in a prechamber compression-ignition engine (1936)

Note presenting the influence of fuel-oil temperature on combustion as investigated by injecting the fuel into the prechamber of a single-cylinder, 4-stroke-cycle, water-cooled, compression-ignition engine operating at 1500 rpm and at a compression ratio of 13.5. The results showed that heating the fuel oil to 750 degrees Fahrenheit increased the injection period, changed the rate of injection, and eliminated the spray cone.
Composition and refinement of discrete real-time systems (1999)

Reactive systems exhibit ongoing, possibly nonterminating, interaction with the environment. Real-time systems are reactive systems that must satisfy quantitative timing constraints. This paper presents a structured compositional design method for discrete real-time systems that can be used to combat the combinatorial explosion of states in the verification of large systems. A composition rule describes how the correctness of the system can be determined from the correctness of its modules, without knowledge of their internal structure. The advantage of compositional verification is clear. Each module is both simpler and smaller than the system itself. Composition requires the use of both model-checking and deductive techniques. A refinement rule guarantees that specifications of high-level modules are preserved by their implementations. The StateTime toolset is used to automate parts of compositional designs using a combination of model-checking and simulation. The design method is illustrated using a reactor shutdown system that cannot be verified using the StateTime toolset (due to the combinatorial explosion of states) without compositional reasoning. The reactor example also illustrates the use of the refinement rule.
Privacy challenges in the online social networking era (2011)

Online Social Networking (OSN) services such as Facebook and Twitter are immensely popular. Their users entrust them with sensitive data such as friends lists, pictures and messages. This data can be directly shared with other users or can be handed to the third-party applications for further processing. Our work focuses on on the many privacy and trust issues that OSNs present. More specifically, we are interested in studying users' privacy in OSNs under various trust and attack models.
Synthesis of novel lidocaine-releasing poly(diol-co-citrate) elastomers by using deep eutectic solvents (2011)

Poly(octanediol-co-citrate) elastomers containing high loading of lidocaine were synthesized at temperatures below 100 °C by means of using deep eutectic mixtures of 1,8-octanediol and lidocaine. The preservation of lidocaine integrity resulted in high-capacity drug-eluting elastomers.
A complexity analysis of cooperative mechanisms in reinforcement learning (1991)

Reinforcement learning algorithms, when used to solve multi-stage decision problems, perform a kind of online (incremental) search to find an optimal decision policy. The time complexity of this search strongly depends upon the size and structure of the state space and upon a priori knowledge encoded in the learners initial parameter values. When a priori knowledge is not available, search is unbiased and can be excessive.

Cooperative mechanisms help reduce search by providing the learner with shorter latency feedback and auxiliary sources of experience. These mechanisms are based on the observation that in nature, intelligent agents exist in a cooperative social environment that helps structure and guide learning. Within this context, learning involves information transfer as much as it does discovery by trial-and-error.

Two cooperative mechanisms are described: Learning with an External Critic (or LEC) and Learning By Watching (or LBW). The search time complexity of these algorithms, along with unbiased Q-learning, are analyzed for problem solving tasks on a restricted class of state spaces. The results indicate that while unbiased search can be expected to require time moderately exponential in the size of the state space, the LEC and LBW algorithms require at most time linear in the size of the state space and under appropriate conditions, are independent of the state space size altogether; requiring time proportional to the length of the optimal solution path. While these analytic results apply only to a restricted class of tasks, they shed light on the complexity of search in reinforcement learning in general and the utility of cooperative mechanisms for reducing search.
Unstable Whistler-Wave Propagation along the Resonance Cone in a Large Beam-Plasma System (1977)

A very-large-diameter (\ensuremath{\sim}\textonehalf{}m) uniform electron beam is injected along a magnetic field (${B}_{0}\ensuremath{\simeq}75$ G) into a dense background plasma (${n}_{e}\ensuremath{\simeq}{10}^{10}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$). The beam drives oblique whistler waves ($\ensuremath{\omega}<{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}<{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{p}$) unstable which are in resonance with the beam ($\frac{\ensuremath{\omega}}{{k}_{\ensuremath{\parallel}}}\ensuremath{\simeq}{v}_{b}$) and propagate nearly along the resonance cone angle ($cos\ensuremath{\theta}=\frac{{k}_{\ensuremath{\parallel}}}{k}\ensuremath{\simeq}\frac{\ensuremath{\omega}}{{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}}$). Growth of test waves as well as spontaneous broad-band emission reminiscent of very-low-frequency hiss are observed.
The Role of Wearables in Heart Failure (2020)

Most wearables are marketed to consumers and can measure movement, heart rate, and blood pressure; detect and monitor arrhythmia; and support exercise training and rehabilitation. Wearable devices targeted at healthcare professionals include ECG patch recorders and vests, patches, and textiles with in-built sensors for improved prognostication and the early detection of acute decompensation. Integrating data from wearables into clinical decision-making has been slow due to clinical inertia and concerns regarding data security and validity, lack of evidence of meaningful impact, interoperability, regulatory and reimbursement issues, and legal liability. Although few studies have assessed how best to integrate wearable technologies into clinical practice, their use is rapidly expanding and may support improved decision-making by patients and healthcare professionals along the whole patient pathway.
Luminescent Enhancement in Mg- and Er-Codoped LiNbO <sub>3</sub> Crystals (2005)

We investigate the MgO codoping-induced effect on the luminescent properties of Er3+-doped and Er/Mg codoped LiNbO3 crystals. The emission and excitation spectra and the absorption spectra are measured. The results show that the luminescent behaviour of Er3+ ions is very sensitive to the codoping of Mg2+ ions. According to the photorefractive level theory, we propose a quench model for the Er/Mg codoped lithium niobate crystal. The quench centres are suggested to be the bipolaron (NbLi-NbNb), we attribute the luminescent enhancement to the decreasing concentration of these centres. The luminescent enhancement effect is successfully explained.
Human Factors in Pharmacy (2017)

Medication errors in the ambulatory setting are common and contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. Given the Institute of Medicine’s recommendation of adopting a systems-based approach to improving medication safety, research has been conducted utilizing human factors and ergonomics conceptual frameworks, approaches, and methods to study pharmacies and pharmacists. This panel will focus on how human factors principles and models have been adapted for contexts where medications are managed. Individual projects address pediatric patients’ medication-related needs, over-the-counter medication safety for older adults, anticoagulation management, automated prescription tracking, and medication safety-related decision making by healthcare professionals. These studies span settings from community pharmacies to inpatient pharmacies to specialty clinics and patients’ homes. By presenting a sample of the growing body of human factors work in pharmacy, this panel will offer unique implications for human factors theory, methods, and application in this important domain.
A 64.4 Gbps·km Optical Interconnect Employing a High-Power High-Speed Single-Mode 850-nm VCSELs and OFDM Format (2013)

We demonstrate a high-power (6.7 mW) high-speed (3-dB bandwidth of 12-GHz) small-linewidth (0.08 nm) single-mode (SMSR of > 30 dB) 850-nm VCSEL for optical interconnects application, and a record-high bit-rate-distance product (28 Gbpsx 2.3 km) for OM4 MMF transmission under OFDM modulation formats is presented.
Synthesis of 4-alkyl-2-iodosobenzoic acids: potent catalysts for the hydrolysis of phosphorus esters (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 4-alkyl-2-iodosobenzoic acids: potent catalysts for the hydrolysis of phosphorus estersCharles A. Panetta, Stephanie M. Garlick, H. Dupont Durst, Frederick R. Longo, and J. Richard WardCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 18, 5202–5205Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00305a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00305a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views708Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Tapered microstrip patch antenna array for microwave breast imaging (2008)

Microwave breast imaging is based on the electrical property contrast between healthy and malignant breast tissue. This contrast can be detected using an array of antennas that illuminate the breast with microwave energy through a coupling medium and subsequently measure the resulting scattered fields. An optimal antenna array design will improve a microwave imaging system’s ability to detect and resolve tumors by maximizing the system’s signal-to-noise ration (SNR) and spatial sampling density while minimizing the effect of mutual coupling. A novel antenna array of tapered microstrip patch antennas operating at 2.7 GHz. is presented that achieves a balance between these competing design goals.
An Approach to the Repair of Partial Mastectomy Defects (1999)

In many cases, breast deformity caused by partial mastectomy can be reduced or corrected by plastic surgery. Partial breast reconstruction is best performed immediately after the partial mastectomy using an approach determined by the size of the breast and the defect. Small defects in large breasts usually need no reconstruction. For larger defects in large breasts, breast reshaping (similar to reduction mammaplasty) combined with a contralateral breast reduction is usually the best option. For medium-sized or smaller breasts with small to moderatesized defects, local flaps from the subaxillary region are very useful. If the defect is too large for correction with local tissue, a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap is usually the best choice. Using these techniques, patients can achieve aesthetically better outcomes from breast-conservation therapy, even when larger tumors are being treated or when wider margins are taken to reduce the risk of tumor recurrence. By working together with an oncologic surgeon and facilitating the removal of larger tumors, the plastic surgeon can widen the indications for both breastconservation therapy and breast reconstruction at the same time. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 104: 409, 1999.)
Low platelet counts alone do not cause bleeding in an experimental immune thrombocytopenic purpura in mice. (2003)

We showed lack of correlation between platelet counts and bleeding in a murine model. The binding of anti-platelet IgG to endothelial cells of small vessels is an indication that antibody-mediated endothelial activation, in addition to thrombocytopenia, could be participating in bleeding.