gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Effectiveness of Gummel’s Method (1988)

We analyze the convergence of Gummel’s method for decoupling the steady state semiconductor equations with respect to the norm $L_\infty $ and compare the theoretical predictions with computational results. Part of the analysis is valid for the general N-dimensional case, but another part only in one dimension. It predicts that the convergence of Gummel’s method depends on nothing but the variation in the so-called “bias-potentials,” that the speed of convergence of the algorithm slows down as the solution is approached, and that the speed of convergence is identical if we solve only the current continuity equation for the conduction electrons or if we solve the second current continuity equation for the holes as well. All of these phenomena are confirmed by a set of numerical tests on a two-dimensional model. Nevertheless, the numerical tests appear to indicate that the algorithm converges for a larger class of problems than the theoretical estimates explain. With a somewhat heuristic argument we try to close this gap.
Lattice Gauge Theory: A Challenge in Large-Scale Computing (1986)

This volume presents the contributions to the international workshop entitled Lattice Gauge Theory - a Challenge in Large Scale Computing that was held in Wuppertal from November 4 to 7, 1985. This meeting was the third in a series of European workshops in this rapidly developing field. The meeting intended to bring together both active university research ers in this field and scientists from industry and research centers who pursue large scale computing projects on problems within lattice gauge theory. These problems are extremely demanding from the point of view of both machine hardware and algorithms, for the verification of the continuum fields theories like Quantum Chromodynamics in four-dimensional Euclidean space-time is quite cumbersome due to the tremendously large number of de grees of freedom. Yet the motivation of theoretical physicists to exploit computers as tools for the simulation of complex systems such as gauge field theories has grown considerably during the past years. In fact, quite a few prominent colleagues of ours have even gone into machine building, both in industry and research institutions: more parallelism, and more de dicated computer architecture are their design goals to help them boost the Megaflop rate in their simulation processes. The workshop contained several interesting seminars with status reports on such supercomputer projects like the Italian APE (by E. Marinari), the IBM project GF-11 (by D. Weingarten), and the Danish projects MOSES and PALLAS (by H. Bohr).
Direct frequency convertor with sinusoidal line currents for speed-variable AC motors (1989)

A novel concept for a static three-phase to three-phase power converter for an AC drive with a unity power factor and reduced harmonics on the line side is presented. The power circuit comprises two back-to-back connected six-pulse bridges having no energy storage elements in the DC link. This permits pulse-width modulation (PWM) control in both bridges while requiring active turn-off semiconductor switches in only one bridge. The line-side harmonics are suppressed by a three-phase second-order filter. The method of predictive optimization is used for the control of the power converter. The complex control structure of the system is based on an online prediction of space vector trajectories. The steady-state operation of the system is exemplified by simulation results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Transcriptome analysis of controlled and therapy-resistant childhood asthma reveals distinct gene expression profiles (2015)

Circulating leukocytes from children with controlled asthma and those with SA have distinct gene expression profiles, demonstrating the possible development of specific molecular biomarkers and supporting the need for novel therapeutic approaches.
Efficacy of Metoclopramide on Medetomidine Induced Vomiting in Dogs (1996)

The efficacy of metoclopramide on medetomidine induced vomiting was estimated. Vomiting was induced in 60% of dogs after intramuscular administration of medetomidine (40μg/kg) with a mean repetition of 1.6 times. The intramuscular premedication of metoclopramide (0.4mg/kg) reduced the incidence of vomiting (33.3%) with a mean repetition of only one time after administration of medetomidine.
DeepDetect: A Cascaded Region-Based Densely Connected Network for Seismic Event Detection (2018)

Automatic event detection from time series signals has broad applications. Traditional detection methods detect events primarily by the use of similarity and correlation in data. Those methods can be inefficient and yield low accuracy. In recent years, machine learning techniques have revolutionized many sciences and engineering domains. In particular, the performance of object detection in a 2-D image data has significantly improved due to deep neural networks. In this paper, we develop a deep-learning-based detection method, called “DeepDetect,” to detect events from seismic signals. We find that the direct adaptation of similar ideas from 2-D object detection to our problem faces two challenges. The first challenge is that the duration of earthquake event varies significantly; the other is that the proposals generated are temporally correlated. To address these challenges, we propose a novel cascaded region-based convolutional neural network to capture earthquake events in different sizes while incorporating contextual information to enrich features for each proposal. To achieve a better generalization performance, we use densely connected blocks as the backbone of our network. Because some positive events are not correctly annotated, we further formulate the detection problem as a learning-from-noise problem. To verify the performance, we employ the seismic data generated from the Pennsylvania State University Rock and Sediment Mechanics Laboratory, and we acquire labels with the help of experts. We show that our techniques yield high accuracy. Therefore, our novel deep-learning-based detection methods can potentially be powerful tools for identifying events from the time series data in various applications.
Twin-channel substrate-mesa-guide injection lasers fabricated by OMVPE (1982)

An easily fabricated high power index-guided laser, the twin-channel substrate-mesa-guide (TCSM) laser, has been developed for applications in recording, printing, and communications. The TCSM laser is fabricated by one-step organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE) on photolithographically patterned and etched substrates. Linear output characteristics were observed to 40 mW cw with corresponding operation in zero order lateral and transverse modes and no astigmatism. Stable single longitudinal mode oscillation also resulted from the strong refractive index guiding produced by the non-planar structure.
Immunogenic nature of a Pol gene product of HTLV-III/LAV (1987)

The present studies were initiated to define the coding region of a 34 kilodalton (kd) protein (p34) frequently observed with antibodies from HTLV-III/LAV-infected people by immunoblotting and radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) techniques. We have directly mapped this viral protein to the pol gene of HTLV-III/LAV by radiolabeled amino acid sequence analysis. This region at the 3′ end of the pol gene is predicted to encode the endonuclease/integrase of the virus. The seroprevalence rate of antibodies to the pol gene products p64 and p53 and to the endonuclease p34 were evaluated. Of 161 HTLV-III/LAV seropositive people tested by immunoblotting procedures, greater than 98% had antibodies which reacted to p64/p53 and 92.6% reacted to p34 indicating that these viral proteins are highly immunogenic in nature. We have also analyzed the serum of nine healthy people living in West Africa who were infected with HTLV-IV, a closely related retrovirus. Nine of nine seropositive people had antibodies that cross-reacted to p34 of HTLV-III/LAV, whereas only seven of nine reacted to p64/p53. These studies and our earlier observations indicate that current diagnostic procedures for screening for HTLV-III/LAV infection may also detect HTLV-IV seropositive individuals, pointing to a need for more specific assay systems.
Studies on the Metabolism of Thiamine and its Derivatives (I) (1963)

The growth promoting activity of a little dose of TATD on young small rats and curative effect of the minimum amount of TATD on thiamine deficient rats were examined. And it may well be said that the biological thiamine activity of the minimum amount of TATD is found to be equal to that of equi-molecular amount of thiamine hydrochloride.When a large amount of TATD was given to the rats orally, predominant and continuo us increase of thiamine contents of principal organs and a high urinary excretion ratio were observed. It was assured that absorption rate of TATD from intestine was excellently higher than that of common thiamine hydrochloride.Incubating 35S (lipoic acid labelled)-TATD with heparinized human blood and washing with human plasm, thiamine content and specific radioactivity of blood cells and the rinsings were estimated. As the results, it was supposed that thiamine part of TATD was concentrated and remained in blood cells and lipoic acid derivative part was rapidly reprojected into plasm.When a large amount of 35S-TATD was injected intravenously to the rats, increases of thiamine content and specific radioactivity of several organs were examined. And it was ascertained that TATD devided into thiamine part and lipoic acid derivative part promptly, and thiamine part had a great affinity for liver, kidney and heart, and lipoic acid derivative part had it for liver and kidney, and both parts acted separately and characteristically in the organism, and lipoic acid derivative part was excreted more rapidly than the other part into the urine.
Steam Generator for Advanced Ultra Supercritical Power Plants 700C to 760C (2011)

Advanced ultra-supercritical (A-USC) is a term used to designate a coal-fired power plant design with the inlet steam temperature to the turbine at 700 to 760C (1292 to 1400F). Average metal temperatures of the final superheater and final reheater could run higher, at up to about 815C (1500F). Nickel-based alloy materials are thus required. Increasing the efficiency of the Rankine regenerative-reheat steam cycle to improve the economics of electric power generation and to achieve lower cost of electricity has been a long sought after goal. Efficiency improvement is also a means for reducing the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and the cost of capture, as well as a means to reduce fuel consumption costs. In the United States (U.S.), European Union, India, China and Japan, industry support associations and private companies working to advance steam generator design technology have established programs for materials development of nickel-based alloys needed for use above 700C (1292F). The worldwide abundance of less expensive coal has driven economic growth. The challenge is to continue to improve the efficiency of coal-fired power generation technology, representing nearly 50% of the U.S. production, while maintaining economic electric power costs with plants that have favorable electric grid system operational characteristics for turndown and rate of load change response. The technical viability of A-USC is being demonstrated in the development programs of new alloys for use in the coal-fired environment where coal ash corrosion and steamside oxidation are the primary failure mechanisms. Identification of the creep rupture properties of alloys for higher temperature service under both laboratory and actual field conditions has been undertaken in a long-term program sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the Ohio Coal Development Office (OCDO). Ultimately, the economic viability of A-USC power plants is predicated on the comparable lower levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) using either oxy-combustion or post-combustion capture. Using nickel alloy components will drive the design and configuration arrangement of the steam generator relative to the plant. A-USC acceptance depends on achieving the higher functional value and lowering the perceived level of risks as this generation technology appears in a new form.
CdS/PbSe heterojunction for high temperature mid-infrared photovoltaic detector applications (2014)

n-CdS/p-PbSe heterojunction is investigated. A thin CdS film is deposited by chemical bath deposition on top of epitaxial PbSe film by molecular beam epitaxy on Silicon. Current-voltage measurements demonstrate very good junction characteristics with rectifying ratio of ∼178 and ideality factor of 1.79 at 300 K. Detectors made with such structure exhibit mid-infrared spectral photoresponse at room temperature. The peak responsivity Rλ and specific detectivity D* are 0.055 A/W and 5.482 × 108 cm·Hz1/2/W at λ = 4.7 μm under zero-bias photovoltaic mode. Temperature-dependent photoresponse measurements show abnormal intensity variation below ∼200 K. Possible reasons for this phenomenon are also discussed.
A New Arrangement for the Anticancer Antibiotics Tallysomycin and Bleomycin When Bound to Zinc:  An Assessment of Metal and Ligand Chirality by NMR and Molecular Dynamics (1997)

Bleomycin A2 (BLMA2, a clinically used drug) and tallysomycin A (TLMA) are two closely related anticancer antibiotics activated by O2 reaction with their Fe(II) complexes. Fe(II) can be modeled by Zn(II). Evidence obtained that the disaccharide and metal-binding domains of ZnTLMA and ZnBLMA2 are superimposable includes the following very similar NMR features: the 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts, the 1H and 13C chemical shift changes upon Zn(II) binding, and the NOESY spectra. We evaluated several ZnTLMA structural models with four and five ligating donor atoms from TLMA by using 2D NMR, NOESY back-calculation methods, and restrained molecular mechanics/molecular dynamics calculations. Our results are most consistent with ligation by five N donors, the β-aminoalanine (ALA) amines (NC2 and NC3), the pyrimidinylpropionamide (PRO) pyrimidine (NC10), and the β-hydroxyhistidine amide (NC12) and imidazole (NC29). Metal complexation to TLMA or BLMA2 creates newly stable chiral centers (the metal and the ALA secondary amine, NC3); for the first time, an extensive analysis of the chirality of both centers has been performed. A cross-peak between a PRO H and a disaccharide mannose H is clearly present in the low mixing time NOESY spectrum of ZnTLMA and in the published spectrum of ZnBLMA2. This cross-peak has led us to discover a novel square pyramid (sp) basket arrangement of the drug donor atoms, with PRO NC10 at the apex and SS chirality. A close variant, with donors adopting a trigonal bipyramidal (tbp) arrangement, gave results almost as satisfactory. Our findings raise interesting aspects relevant to drug activation. The literature suggests that the activated form is HO2Fe(III)BLMA2; the five N donors are in an SS-sp I arrangement, with the ALA primary amine (NC2) at the apex. If the Fe(II) form of the drugs had the SS-sp basket or SS-tbp arrangement, addition of O2 could yield products with the drug in an SS-sp I arrangement. Models with RR chirality, such as proposed previously for ZnBLMA2, are energetically unfavorable, cannot account for the NMR results, and cannot readily convert to the SS-sp I geometry. Unlike in RR models, the carbamoyl group of the mannose cannot bind to the metal in SS models. Instead, in our model the disaccharide covers the sixth binding site.
Oncogenic microRNA‐27a is a target for anticancer agent methyl 2‐cyano‐3,11‐dioxo‐18β‐olean‐1,12‐dien‐30‐oate in colon cancer cells (2009)

Methyl 2-cyano-3,11-dioxo-18beta-olean-1,12-dien-30-oate (CDODA-Me) is a synthetic derivative of glycyrrhetinic acid, a triterpenoid phytochemical found in licorice extracts. CDODA-Me inhibited growth of RKO and SW480 colon cancer cells and this was accompanied by decreased expression of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 protein and mRNA and several Sp-dependent genes including survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1 or Flt-1). CDODA-Me also induced apoptosis, arrested RKO and SW480 cells at G(2)/M, and inhibited tumor growth in athymic nude mice bearing RKO cells as xenografts. CDODA-Me decreased expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a), and this was accompanied by increased expression of 2 miR-27a-regulated mRNAs, namely ZBTB10 (an Sp repressor) and Myt-1 which catalyzes phosphorylation of cdc2 to inhibit progression of cells through G(2)/M. Both CDODA-Me and antisense miR-27a induced comparable responses in RKO and SW480 cells, suggesting that the potent anticarcinogenic activity of CDODA-Me is due to repression of oncogenic miR-27a.
New design for a high performance optically pumped cesium beam tube (1991)

An optically pumped cesium beam resonator has been designed including three successive magnetic field regions. The optical interactions take place in the first and third regions, where the magnetic field has the required value of 3x10(-5) T. The microwave interaction occurs in the intermediate region, where the value of the C-field is typically set to 4x10(-6) T. It has been verified that the magnetic field profile along the cesium beam does not induce Majorana transitions. Using a single laser diode emitting at 852 nm with a linewidth of about 30 MHz, the resonator gives an excellent amplitude signal to noise ratio equal to 20000 in a 1-Hz bandwidth.
Immunocytochemical study of uptake of exogenous carrier-free copper-zinc superoxide dismutase by peripheral blood lymphocytes. (1996)

We recently demonstrated that exogenous copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) reduced HIV replication in tumor necrosis factor alpha activated chronically HIV-infected promonocytic U1 cell line and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells coculture. However, whether exogenous SOD penetrates the cellular membrane or acts extracellularly has been remained controversial. SOD has been considered as not to penetrate the cellular membrane because of its high molecular weight, thus the main site of action is presumed to be extracellular. In order to determine whether exogenous SOD penetrates inside the cell, we utilized a gentle immunocytochemical method to detect Mn and Cu,Zn SOD in peripheral blood lymphocytes incubated with various concentrations of exogenous carrier-free Cu,Zn SOD without prior permeabilization of cell membranes. After 24 hrs. the total SOD activity and immunocytochemical studies were performed. Here we demonstrate clearly that a large amount of carrier-free Cu,Zn SOD, added exogenously, penetrates the cellular membrane and increases total SOD activity.
A modified benzhydrylamine as a handle reagent for the solid phase synthesis of peptide amides based on the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl method (1988)

An easily preparable dimethoxybenzhydrylamine derivative, 3-(α-Fmoc-amino-4-methoxybenzyl)-4-methoxyphenyl propionic acid (Fmoc = fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl) is a useful precursor of the C-terminal amide, when applied to Fmoc-based solid phase peptide synthesis; as a cleavage reagent from the resin, thioanisole-mediated trimethylsilyl bromide in trifluoroacetic acid is recommended.
Laser-assisted deposition of BN films on InP for MIS applications (1989)

Thin films of boron nitride (500–1000Å) were deposited on InP using a Q-switched ruby laser. Films were found to have a dielectric constant of 3.28, resistivity of 5 ×1011Ωcm and bandgap of 4.1eV. The minimum interface state density for the Al/BN/InP system was 6.2 × 1010 cm-2-1 0.5 below the conduction band.
Local Controlled Intramyocardial Delivery of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Improves Postinfarction Ventricular Function Without Pulmonary Toxicity (2006)

Intramyocardial delivery of PDGF by self-assembling peptide NFs leads to long-term improvement in cardiac performance after experimental infarction without apparent pulmonary toxicity. Local myocardial protection may allow prevention of heart failure without systemic toxicity.
The Thermic Effect of Food and Obesity: Discrepant Results and Methodological Variations (2002)

Studies have yielded discrepant results concerning whether the thermic effect of food (TEF) is reduced in obesity. Methodological variations among published studies make understanding the discrepant results very difficult. Although methodological differences are often noted as contributing to the discrepant results, little work has been done to address these differences and standardize experimental protocols. This paper reviews 50 studies that have investigated TEF in obesity and focuses on factors related to experimental protocol and subject control that reportedly affect measurements of resting energy expenditure, postprandial energy expenditure, and the calculation of TEF.
Abstract program slicing of database query languages (2013)

In this paper, the notions of semantic relevancy of statements, semantic data dependences and conditional dependences are extended to the case of programs embedding SQL statements in both concrete and abstract domains. This allows us to refine traditional syntax-based Database-Oriented Program Dependence Graphs, yielding to a more accurate semantics-based abstract program slicing algorithm.
Resistance to stem canker, frogeye leaf spot and powdery mildew of soybean lines lacking lipoxigenases in the seeds (2002)

The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] crop holds a prominent position in the Brazilian economy because of the extension of the planted area and volume of grain production, but the beany flavor has been a limiting factor for soybean derivatives consumption by western population. This flavor is produced mainly by action of lipoxygenase enzymes (Lox1, Lox2 and Lox3), present in some commercial varieties. The genetic elimination of the alleles that codify these enzymes is the most appropriate way to avoid problems associated to this deleterious flavor. To elucidate the effect of seed lipoxygenase elimination on the resistance to plant pathogens, normal varieties of soybean (FT-Cristalina RCH, Doko RC and IAC-12) and their backcross-derived lines, both with the three lipoxygenases present in their seeds (triple-positive, TP) and without the three lipoxygenases (triple-null, TN), were tested for their resistance to stem canker (Diaporthe phaseolorum f.sp. meridionalis), frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina Hara), and powdery mildew (Microsphaera diffusa Cke. & Pk.). All genetic materials studied were resistant to stem canker. FT-Cristalina RCH and Doko-RC and their TP and TN lines were resistant to frogeye leaf spot. IAC-12 and its derived lines not only presented a higher disease index, but also the derived lines, TP and TN, were more susceptible, indicating the loss of genes for disease resistance in the backcrosses. There was no association between the elimination of lipoxygenases from the seeds with the resistance to frogeye leaf spot. In relation to the powdery mildew, TP or TN lines presented similar or higher resistance than their respective recurrent parents whose susceptibility appeared in the following order: IAC-12, less susceptible, Doko-RC, intermediate and FT-Cristalina RCH, more susceptible.