gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin B chain 9–23 gene transfer to hepatocytes protects from type 1 diabetes by inducing Ag-specific FoxP3 <sup>+</sup> T <sub>regs</sub> (2015)

Antigen (Ag)-specific tolerance in type 1 diabetes (T1D) in human has not been achieved yet. Targeting lentiviral vector (LV)-mediated gene expression to hepatocytes induces active tolerance toward the encoded Ag. The insulin B chain 9-23 (InsB9-23) is an immunodominant T cell epitope in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. To determine whether auto-Ag gene transfer to hepatocytes induces tolerance and control of T1D, NOD mice were treated with integrase-competent LVs (ICLVs) that selectively target the expression of InsB9-23 to hepatocytes. ICLV treatment induced InsB9-23-specific effector T cells but also FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs), which halted islet immune cell infiltration, and protected from T1D. Moreover, ICLV treatment combined with a single suboptimal dose of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) is effective in T1D reversal. Splenocytes from LV.InsB9-23-treated mice, but not from LV.OVA (ovalbumin)-treated control mice, stopped diabetes development, demonstrating that protection is Ag-specific. Depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T cells led to diabetes progression, indicating that Ag-specific FoxP3(+) Tregs mediate protection. Integrase-defective LVs (IDLVs).InsB9-23, which alleviate the concerns for insertional mutagenesis and support transient transgene expression in hepatocytes, were also efficient in protecting from T1D. These data demonstrate that hepatocyte-targeted auto-Ag gene expression prevents and resolves T1D and that stable integration of the transgene is not required for this protection. Gene transfer to hepatocytes can be used to induce Ag-specific tolerance in autoimmune diseases.
Mechanistic studies of nickel-catalyzed addition of deuterium cyanide and [13C]hydrogen cyanide to pentenenitriles (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanistic studies of nickel-catalyzed addition of deuterium cyanide and [13C]hydrogen cyanide to pentenenitrilesJ. D. DrulinerCite this: Organometallics 1984, 3, 2, 205–208Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00080a006https://doi.org/10.1021/om00080a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views278Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Virtual green band for GOES-R (2011)

The ABI on GOES-R will provide imagery in two narrow visible bands (red, blue), which is not sufficient to directly produce color (RGB) images. In this paper we present a method to estimate green band from a simulated ABI multi-spectral image. To address this problem we propose to use statistical learning to train and update functions that estimate the value for the 550 nm green channel using the values that will be present in other bands of the ABI as input parameters. One challenge is that in order to exploit as many bands as possible, we cannot use straightforward non-parametric methods such as a look-up tables because the number of entries in look-up tables grows exponentially with the number of input parameters. Other simple approaches such as simple linear regression on the multi-spectral input parameters will not produce satisfactory results due to the underlying non-linearity of the data. For instance, the relationship among different spectra for cloud footprints will be radically different from that of a desert surface. The approach we propose is to use piecewise multi-linear regression on the multi-spectral input to train the green channel predictor. Our predictor is built from the combination of a classifier followed by a multi-linear function. The classifier assigns each pixel to a class based on the array of values from the simulated (or proxy) ABI bands at that pixel. To each class is associated a set of coefficients for a multi-linear predictor for 550 nm green channel to be predicted. Thus, the parameters of the predictor consist of parameters of the classifier, as well as coefficients defining the approximating hyperplane for each class. To determine these classifiers we will use methods based on K-means clustering, as well as multi-variable piecewise linear approximation.
IDM: an intelligent software agent based data mining environment (2002)

To remain competitive, managers are increasingly depending on intelligent systems for accessing, analyzing, summarizing, and interpreting information from large and multiple data sources. These systems help make critical business decisions faster or with a greater degree of confidence. Data mining is a promising new technology that can bring business intelligence into these systems. This paper provides an overview of data mining, and the design and development of an intelligent software agent based data mining environment called IDM.
Testicular choriocarcinoma with gastric metastasis presenting as hematemesis. (2005)

We report a 28-year-old man who presented with hematemesis due to choricarcinoma of testis metastatic to the stomach. Gastroscopy showed a polypoidal lesion. Testicular wedge biopsy confirmed mixed germ cell tumor, the choriocarcinomatous portion alone getting metastasized to the stomach. He was initiated on chemotherapy with actinomycin-D, etoposide and methotrexate, but died due to multiple metastases to the lung and brain.
Bombesin excites a subpopulation of 5‐hydroxytryptamine‐sensitive neurones in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus in vitro. (1991)

1. The effects on dorsal raphe neurones of the peptides bombesin, gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B were studied using intracellular recording techniques from slices of rat brain maintained in vitro. The peptides were added to the solutions perfusing the slices. 2. The peptides bombesin, gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B depolarized neurones in the dorsal raphe nucleus. The same neurones were depolarized by phenylephrine and hyperpolarized by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) but were insensitive to sulphated cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK). 3. The responses to the peptides were not blocked by CCKA, CCKB and alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonists. 4. The response to the peptides persisted in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) and low-calcium, high-magnesium-containing artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF). 5. Under voltage clamp conditions the peptides caused a decrease in membrane conductance accompanied by an inward current. The reversal potential for the event was the same as that for 5-HT. 6. The results of the present study demonstrate that bombesin and the structurally related peptides gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and neuromedin B depolarized a subpopulation of raphe 5-HT neurones by acting on a postsynaptically located receptor linked to potassium channels.
Radiotherapeutic studies with amifostine (Ethyol). (1994)

Radiotherapeutic studies with amifostine (WR-2721; Ethyol, US Bioscience, Inc, West Conshohocken, PA) are reviewed, with evidence that it offers clinical normal tissue protection and no evidence of any tumor protection. Conducting clinical trials with amifostine has been difficult because of the unique (toxicity) endpoints and concerns about tumor protection. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group has conducted phase I studies and a phase II hemibody study, and is now in the process of conducting phase III amifostine studies. Amifostine remains the most promising compound for testing clinical radioprotection, and as new techniques are developed in radiation therapy to deliver higher doses of radiation, the protection of normal tissues will become even more important. This review will cover both the preclinical and clinical studies involving the use of amifostine with radiation therapy.
[Amides of amino acids and peptides as antifungal agents]. (1982)

The synthesis of pyrazolyl-amides of aminoacids and peptides is described. The chemicals were tested for antifungal activity against wheat powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC.), cucumber powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum DC.), wheat brown rust (Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici Erikss et Henn.), celery leaf spot (Septoria Apii Briosi ed Cav. Chest.) and collar rot (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn). Some of these compounds showed antifungal activity.
Structure and Magnetic Properties of KRuO<sub>4</sub> (2016)

The crystal structure of KRuO<sub>4</sub> is refined at both 280 and 3.5 K from neutron powder data, and magnetic properties are reported for the first time. The scheelite structure, I4<sub>1</sub>/a, is confirmed at both temperatures. Atomic positions of greater accuracy than the original 1954 X-ray study are reported. The rare Ru<sup>7+</sup> ion resides in a site of distorted tetrahedral symmetry with nominal electronic configuration 4d<sup>1</sup>(e<sup>1</sup>). Curie-Weiss parameters are near free ion values for the effective moment and θ = -77 K, indicating dominant antiferromagnetic (AF) correlations. A broad susceptibility maximum occurs near 34 K, but long-range AF order sets in only below 22.4 K as determined by magnetization and heat capacity data. The entropy loss below 50 K is only 44% of the expected R ln 2, indicating the presence of short-range spin correlations over a wide temperature range. The Ru sublattice consists of centered, corner-sharing tetrahedra which can lead to geometric frustration if both the nearest-neighbor, J<sub>1</sub>, and the next-nearest-neighbor, J<sub>2</sub>, exchange constants are AF and of similar magnitude. A spin dimer analysis finds J<sub>1</sub>/J<sub>2</sub> ≈ 25, indicating weak frustration, and a (d<sub>z</sub><sup>2</sup>)<sup>1</sup> ground state. A single, weak magnetic reflection was indexed as (110). The absence of the (002) magnetic reflection places the Ru moments parallel to the c axis. The Ru<sup>7+</sup> moment is estimated to be 0.57(7) μ<sub>B</sub>, reduced from an expected value near 1 μ<sub>B</sub>. A recent computational study of isostructural, isoelectronic KOsO<sub>4</sub> predicts a surprisingly large orbital moment due to spin-orbit coupling (SOC). However, the free ion SOC constant for Ru<sup>7+</sup> is only ∼30% that of Os<sup>7+</sup>, so it is unclear that this effect can be implicated in the low ordered moment for KRuO<sub>4</sub>. The origin of the short-range spin correlations is also not understood.
Bacterial induction of proinflammatory cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease (2010)

It has become increasingly clear that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) develops on the background of genetic defects in the host, conveying an increased susceptibility to an environmental antigen or antigens. The environmental factor implicated in the pathophysiology of gut inflammation, which is undergoing increased scrutiny, is the intestinal flora. The intestinal flora as a whole and specific bacteria and their products have been found to trigger cytokine expression in various cell types. Consistently, multiple bacterial strains were found to induce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in macrophage and epithelial cell systems, respectively, in particular in Crohn's disease. Interestingly, various cell types from patients with IBD display an increased susceptibility to specific bacterial products, including flagellin, pili, and lipopolysaccharides. It remains to be determined whether additional effector proteins regulate cytokine expression and the aberrant mucosal immune response in IBD.
Effect of inititiator on the molecular weight distribution in dispersion polymerization of styrene (1980)

Abstract Dispersion polymerization of styrene in the particle size range of 10 μ with lauroyl peroxide as initiator results in a double‐peak molecular weight (MW) distribution. The high‐MW fraction was due to emulsion polymerization. The same phenomenon also exists in AIBN and benzoyl peroxide initiation, although it is less obvious. The kinetics of the reaction for dispersion polymerization was dependent on the concentration of the dispersing agent and the nature of the initiator.
Why Grant Credit? (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Product Offer Enhancement Credit Strategy Comparative Cost of Money Credit Strategy Credit Strategy for Administrative Efficiency Credit Strategy to Build Trust Credit Strategy for Business Development Conclusion
An Introduction to the Crystallographre's World. 1. An Introduction to Small-angle Scattering. (1999)

Fundamental aspects of small-angle scattering technique are duly explained from the very basic points for the beginners and newcommers of this useful technique to study the strucuture of“Vernachlasisgten Dimensionen”.
Uncertainty in determining interval velocities from surface reflection seismic data (2002)

Abstract The ability of reflection seismic data to uniquely determine the subsurface velocity has been uncertain. This paper uses a tomographic approach to study the resolution of typical seismic survey configurations. The analysis is first carried out in the spatial Fourier domain for the case of a single horizontal reflector. It is found that for a ratio of maximum offset to layer depth of one, the lateral resolution is very low for velocity and interface depth variations of wavelengths of approximately two-and-a-half times the layer thickness. The resolution improves with an increase in the ratio of maximum offset to layer depth. The results of the analysis in the Fourier domain are confirmed by results from a least-squares tomographic algorithm. It is found that regularization of the tomography by adding damping terms suppresses the spurious oscillations resulting from the areas of low resolution at the expense of loss of resolution at the shorter spatial wavelengths. Analysis of the single layer response for 3-D survey geometry shows that a 3-D acquisition with multiazimuthal coverage has the potential to significantly improve velocity determination.
Quorum-sensing and siderophore biosynthesis in<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa: lasRllasI</i>mutants exhibit reduced pyoverdine biosynthesis (1998)

Cell density-dependent gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is controlled, in part, by the quorum-sensing regulator LasR. lasR null mutants exhibited a reproducible 2-fold decrease in production of the catecholate-hydroxamate siderophore pyoverdine during grown under iron-limiting conditions. Similarly, lasI mutants defective in the biosynthesis of the autoinducer PAI-1 also exhibited a 2-fold decrease in pyoverdine production which could be largely restored upon addition of exogenous PAI-1. lasR mutants were not altered with respect to expression of the pvdD gene involved in the synthesis of the peptide portion of pyoverdine, indicating that some other pyoverdine biosynthetic gene(s) were affected by the LasRI status of the cell. This represents the first report of quorum-sensing regulation of siderophore production in bacteria and highlights the fact that cell density, while not an essential signal for pyoverdine expression, does enhance production of this siderophore.
Fluid and thermodynamic underhood simulations (2013)

The thermal model and simulation of vehicles components is necessary within the development phase of the vehicle production process. It is important to understand the thermal processes of high temperature components in the vehicle, such as the exhaust system.
The exhaust system presents a high thermal activity that increases the temperature of the exhaust system itself and the nearby surrounding engine components, due to the large amount of heat transferred by radiation.
The aim of this thesis is to develop a method that predicts the surface temperature of the exhaust system to ensure that no component overheats. This method includes coupling CFD software with heat transfer software.
This model was validated against a tunnel test proving that the steady-state simulations match closely with the tunnel test data, while taking into consideration the possible sources of errors and discrepancies. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is performed in order to evaluate the robustness of the method.
In conclusion, this thesis showed the feasibility of coupling a thermal model with a CFD model to successfully simulate the temperature of the exhaust system and surrounding engine components. This modeling process allows modifying the design without involving new experimental tests, contributing to a reduction of both time and cost. Consequently, this method will be used in future projects within the VCC verification efficiency processes.
Mariner Mars 1964 temperature control hardware design and development (1967)

Temperature control system, surface finishes and materials, thermal shields, and louvers of Mariner IV space probe
Electrical Characteristics of ZrO<sub>2</sub>Gate Dielectric Deposited on Ultrathin Silicon Capping Layer for SiGe Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Device Applications (2002)

The electrical characteristics of ZrO2 were investigated relative to its use in SiGe metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) gate dielectric applications. Compared to ZrO2 directly deposited on SiGe, ZrO2, when deposited on a silicon capping layer shows a significant improvement in electrical characteristics such as low leakage current, negligible hysteresis, less fixed charge density and a lower interface state density (Dit) after low-temperature wet vapor annealing. The improvement in the electrical characteristics of ZrO2, with a silicon capping layer can be attributed to the negligible Ge segregation and surface roughness at the interface. Based on an Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) depth profile of Ge, we were able to confirm that Ge is segregated at the interface.
EGFR and KRAS status of primary sarcomatoid carcinomas of the lung: Implications for anti‐EGFR treatment of a rare lung malignancy (2009)

Sarcomatoid carcinomas (SC) of the lung are uncommon malignant tumors composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous cell components and characterized by a more aggressive outcome than other histological subtypes of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapies have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach in patients with advanced typical NSCLC such as adenocarcinoma, the potential clinical activity of these drugs in lung SC is still unknown. To investigate this point, we have analyzed the status of 4 EGFR pathways biomarkers in a series of lung SC. EGFR protein expression, EGFR gene copy number, EGFR mutational status and KRAS mutational status were assessed in a series of 22 consecutive cases of primary lung SC. EGFR protein overexpression was observed in all the cases. High level of polysomy (>or=4 copies of the gene in >40% of cells) was detected in 5 cases (23%). No EGFR mutation was detected. KRAS mutations were found in 8 patients (38%; Gly12Cys in 6 cases and Gly12Val in 2 cases). The consistent EGFR protein overexpression and the high rate of KRAS mutation may contribute to the poorer outcome of lung SC in comparison with typical NSCLC. The rare incidence of increased EGFR gene copy number, the lack of EGFR mutation and the high rate of KRAS mutation observed in our series also suggest that most patients with lung SC are not likely to benefit from anti-EGFR therapies.
Effects of Marbling on Meat Quality Characteristics and Intramuscular Connective Tissue of Beef Longissimus Muscle (2006)

This study was designed to explore the effects of marbling on meat quality characteristics and intramuscular connective tissue of beef longissimus muscle. Chemical determinations, histological and mechanical measurements were performed on the raw and cooked meat at d 4 postmortem. The results showed that crude fat, collagen, fiber diameter and maximum transition temperature of intramuscular connective tissue increased (p<0.05) with the increase of marbling score. The cooking losses, collagen solubility, WBSF and perimysial thickness decreased (p<0.05) with the increasing marbling. WBSF correlated (p<0.05) with moisture, crude fat, collagen, cooking losses, sarcomere length and perimysial thickness. The development of marbling results in the decline in cooking losses, the avoidance of sarcomere shortening, and the disorganization of the perimysia, which accounts for the improvement of beef tenderness.
Effects of CYP3A4 inhibition and induction on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tolvaptan, a non‐peptide AVP antagonist in healthy subjects (2011)

Tolvaptan is a sensitive CYP3A4 substrate with no inhibitory activity. Due to the saturable nature of tolvaptan's effect on urine excretion rate, changes in the pharmacokinetic profile of tolvaptan do not produce proportional changes in urine output.
Verification of a blind mismatch error equalization method for randomly interleaved ADCs using a 2.5V/12b/30MSs PSAADC (2004)

A 2.5V/12b/30MS/s randomly time interleaved ADC system has been implemented. Using this circuit an earlier presented [6] blind gain error equalization method has been verified. It is verified that the gain in each ADC unit can be found and equalized by using the blind estimation method, since the randomization assures that there is no correlation between the ADC unit used and the input data. It has been found that the blind gain error equalization attenuates the energy of the gain distortion tones by up to 72 dB. The SNDR of the random time interleaved ADC system was improved by 10.1 [dB] after the amplitude offset and gain equalization was performed. The measured system SNDR is only 2.1 [dB] worse than the measured SNDR of a single ADC unit.
Histamine antagonists. XV. Comparative experimental studies of certain antihistaminic compounds. (1950)

1. Comparative experimental findings with selected and uniform procedures are presented for a series of antihistaminic compounds. These procedures include protection against histamine intravenously, inhibition of anaphylactic shock, inhibition of bronchospasm from histamine aerosol and the effect of an aerosol of the antihistaminic drug in preventing histamine aerosol bronchospasm. 2. The results indicate that there is a general but not absolutely quantitative agreement obtained by the various methods, i.e. a drug which affords protection against histamine shock will also protect against anaphylactic shock at approximately the same dose level.