gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Crystalline Compound of α-l-Arabinose with Calcium Chloride and Water<sup>1</sup> (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Crystalline Compound of α-l-Arabinose with Calcium Chloride and Water1W. C. Austin and J. P. WalshCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1934, 56, 4, 934–935Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1934https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01319a051RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (239 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of (<i>S</i>)- and (<i>R</i>)-5-Oxo-piperazine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Its Application to Peptidomimetics (2009)

A straightforward synthesis of (S)- and (R)-N-Boc-5-oxo-piperazine-2-carboxylic acid is reported starting from L- or D-serine and ethyl glyoxylate. Those were evaluated as constituents in two tetrapeptides by studying their secondary structure by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. In the case of Boc-Val-(S)-PCA-Gly-Leu-OMe, two readily interconverting conformations (in a 40%:60% ratio) were observed, differing for the cis-trans isomerizaton of the tertiary amide bond, while Boc-Val-(R)-PCA-Gly-Leu-OMe displayed an equilibrium between a gamma-turn and a type II beta-turn conformation.
Comparison of local and global angular interpolation applied to spectral‐spatial EPR image reconstruction (2007)

Spectral-spatial images reconstructed from a small number of projections suffer from streak artifacts that are seen as noise, particularly in the spectral dimension. Interpolation in projection space can reduce artifacts in the reconstructed images. The reduction of background artifacts improves lineshape fitting. In this work, we compared the performances of angular interpolation implemented using linear, cubic B-spline, and sinc methods. Line width maps were extracted from 4-D EPR images of phantoms using spectral fitting to evaluate each interpolation method and its robustness to noise. Results from experiment and simulation showed that the cubic B-spline, angular interpolation was preferable to either sinc or linear interpolation methods.
Clinical and virological responses to a broad-spectrum human monoclonal antibody in an influenza virus challenge study (2020)

Influenza A infections cause significant seasonal morbidity and mortality as well as periodic pandemic infections. Currently, no approved therapies exist for patients hospitalized with influenza. The efficacy of VIS410, a broadly neutralizing human immunoglobulin IgG1 monoclonal antibody engineered to bind to the stem region of group 1 and 2 influenza A hemagglutinins, was explored in experimental human influenza infection. Healthy volunteers were inoculated with influenza A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) and received a single dose of VIS410 or placebo 24 h later. Subjects were monitored for symptoms, viral shedding, and safety, including cytokine measurements. The primary efficacy endpoint was the area under the curve (AUC) of viral load (VL) in the VIS410 group versus placebo. VIS410 treatment was associated with a 76% reduction in median VL AUC as measured by qRT-PCR (p = 0.024). Similar VIS410 antiviral activity was observed by virus culture, with a 91% reduction in median VL AUC by TCID<sub>50</sub> (p = 0.019) compared to placebo-treated volunteers. Influenza symptoms were generally mild or moderate, with a trend toward faster resolution in VIS410-treated subjects. Treatment with VIS410 was generally safe, with an increase in gastrointestinal events that were largely mitigated by pre-treatment with oral diphenhydramine (50 mg) in combination with 600 mg of ibuprofen. Transient elevation of specific cytokines (IL-8 and TNFα) were associated with gastrointestinal adverse events. Treatment with VIS410 did not interfere with the endogenous immune response to influenza A. These data indicate that VIS410 may provide therapeutic benefit in influenza A infection. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicaTtrials.gov Identification NCT02468115; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02468115?term=NCT02468115&rank=1).
Arginine deiminase from Mycoplasma arthritidis. Evidence for multiple forms. (1977)

Arginine deiminase (EC 3.5.3.6) from Mycoplasma arthritidis ATCC 14152 has been purified 6-fold by a new procedure, protamine sulfate fractionation and DEAE-agarose chromatography. The yield was 75 to 85%. The homogeneity of the final preparation was demonstrated by gel filtration, sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis, NH2-terminal analysis, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at two pH values. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 80,000 as measured by gel filtration. The dimeric nature of the enzyme is suggested by the molecular weight of 49,000 from sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis. Isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels showed a major band corresponding to an isoelectric point of 7.0 and sometimes minor bands having lower isoelectric points. The ultraviolet spectrum exhibits a maximum at 278 nm. The enzyme has high affinity for L-arginine, with a Km value of 4 +/- 1 micronM at pH 7.2, 25 degrees. Mycoplasma arthritidis produces two distinct forms of arginine deiminase. Deiminase I is isolated from cells harvested during logarithmic phase; deiminase II is obtained from late logarithmic or early stationary phase cells. The two forms are resolved by DEAE-agarose chromatography and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Deiminase II elutes later from a DEAE-agarose column and moves toward the anode faster than deiminase I at pH 9.5 The two forms also have different specific activities and 280:260 spectral ratios. Each form has the same Km and molecular weight. A third form of the enzyme, deiminase III, can be generated by incubating deiminase II at pH 9.8, or in 50% saturated ammonium sulfate, pH 7.0, at 25 degrees. The transformation can be followed by chromatography and is completed within 10 h. The specific activity of deiminase III is 1.3 times that of deiminase II. No change in molecular weight or subunit dissociation was observed during the transformation. Deiminiase III has the same specific activity, absorbance ratio A280:A260, and electrophoretic properties as deiminase I. Deiminase I undergoes no change upon incubation at pH 9.8 for several days.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE INTERRELATIONS OF CONDYLAR GROWTH AND ALVEOLAR BONE FORMATION. (1965)

Abstract No Abstract Available. This study was supported in part by Public Health Service Grant DE-00968 from the National Institute for Dental Research, N. I. H.
Special Topics in Statistics for Spatial Data (1993)

This chapter contains sections titled: Change of Support Stability of the Geostatistical Method Intrinsic Random Functions of Order k Spatial Design Field Trials Infill Asymptotics The Many Faces of Spatial Prediction
Experimental Mandibular Regrowth by Distraction Osteogenesis: Long-term Results (1993)

The use of gradual distraction to grow bone (distraction osteogenesis) has gained widespread orthopedic acceptance, but has only recently been applied to craniofacial skeletal defects. The use of bifocal distraction osteogenesis to fill experimental segmental mandibular defects with regenerate bone was recently reported. Though all canines in that study demonstrated normal oromandibular function, they were observed for only 4 weeks following defect closure. The study that is now reported describes the long-term (12-month) functional, morphologic, and biomechanical results when bifocal distraction osteogenesis was applied to the same model. In this long-term study, three canines had 2.5-cm unilateral segmental mandibular body defects filled with structurally stable bone using bifocal distraction osteogenesis. These dogs exhibited normal oromandibular function for 1 year following segment regrowth and external fixator removal. Macroscopic and histologic evaluation of the regrown segments revealed a re-formation of the cortical and medullary architecture. Stress testing demonstrated the average ultimate strength of the regrown segment at 53 MPa, which corresponded to 77% +/- 5.7% of normal mandibular bone. The data suggest that clinical trials applying this technique to segmental mandibular reconstruction are warranted.
ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE OR Pd(I). III: The Nature of the Metal-ligand Bonds in Square Planar Complexes of Palladium(I) (1972)

Abstract ESR spectra for a variety of palladium(I) complexes produced in the powders and the frozen solutions of palladium(II) complexes by γ -ray irradiation have been interpreted in terms of the nature of the metal-ligand bonds. It has been found that the covalency for the palladium-ligand σ-bond increases in the order of Pd[sbnd]O, Pd[sbnd]Cl < Pd[sbnd]N < Pd[sbnd]S, Pd[sbnd]C, and that the nature of the metal-ligand bond in palladium(I) complexes is very similar to that in copper(II) complexes. The ratio of the magnitude of the ligand field splitting for palladium(I) complex to that for the copper(II) complex with the same ligand has been estimated from the comparison of their g values.
Halide-Dependent Electronic Structure of Organolead Perovskite Materials (2015)

Organometal halide perovskites have recently attracted tremendous attention both at the experimental and theoretical levels. These materials, in particular methylammonium triiodide, are still limited by poor chemical and structural stability under ambient conditions. Today this represents one of the major challenges for polycrystalline perovskite-based photovoltaic technology. In addition to this, the performance of perovskite-based devices is degraded by deep localized states, or traps. To achieve better-performing devices, it is necessary to understand the nature of these states and the mechanisms that lead to their formation. Here we show that the major sources of deep traps in the different halide systems have different origin and character. Halide vacancies are shallow donors in I-based perovskites, whereas they evolve into a major source of traps in Cl-based perovskites. Lead interstitials, which can form lead dimers, are the dominant source of defects in Br-based perovskites, in line with recent experimental data. As a result, the optimal growth conditions are also different for the distinct halide perovskites: growth should be halide-rich for Br and Cl, and halide-poor for I-based perovskites. We discuss stability in relation to the reaction enthalpies of mixtures of bulk precursors with respect to final perovskite product. Methylammonium lead triiodide is characterized by the lowest reaction enthalpy, explaining its low stability. At the opposite end, the highest stability was found for the methylammonium lead trichloride, also consistent with our experimental findings which show no observable structural variations over an extended period of time.
Perspectives on Stratigraphic Simulation Models<subtitle>Current Approaches and Future Opportunities</subtitle> (1999)

Numerical Experiments in Stratigraphy: Recent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations - This volume presents the results derived from a three-day workshop held at the University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, from May 15 through May 17, 1996. The objectives of the workshop were to document, characterize, demonstrate, and compare different computing procedures that have been utilized in simulating stratigraphic sequences. Both inverse and forward simulation modeling procedures are represented. The results of the workshop and the papers assembled here include: (1) an enhanced understanding of similarities and differences between models and modeling philosophies, (2) increased communication among modeling groups and geoscientists, (3) critical evaluation of applications and assessment of how models have been utilized, and (4) improvements and refinements in techniques for generating and describing model input and output.
Endometrial membrane response in Mus musculus during implantation by Vitex negundo Linn (2007)

The process of implantation of the blastocyst in the endometrium is considered analogous to a “proinflammatory ” response, and a possibility exists that any compound showing good anti-inflammatory activity may also possess a significant anti-implantation potential. Leaf extract from the shrub Vitex negundo Linn has previously been studied for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Hence, anti-implantation activity of the methanolic extract of leaves of Vitex negundo Linn was investigated. Pregnant female mice were dosed with the extract (500 mg/kg body weight) from Days 1 to 6 of pregnancy. No implantation sites were observed in treated animals when they were surgically opened on Day 15 of pregnancy. Biophysical alterations were observed in the endometrium in treated animals, especially on Day 5 (4:40 a.m.), the day of implantation. A sharp increase in superoxide anion radicals that was seen in the endometrium from control animals was altered in treated animals. Thus, the physiological alterations induced by extract of Vitex negundo Linn during the process of implantation may serve as a good lead for further research on natural contraceptive targets.
Oxidized derivatives of ω-3 fatty acids: identification of IPF3α-VI in human urine (2006)

Isoprostanes (iPs) are prostaglandin-like molecules derived from autoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Urinary iP levels have been used as indices of in vivo lipid peroxidation. Thus far, it has only been possible to measure iPs derived from arachidonic acid in urine, because levels of iPs/neuroprostanes (nPs) derived from omega 3-PUFAs have been found to be below detection limits of available assays. Because of the interest in omega3-PUFA dietary supplementation, we developed specific methods to measure nPF4 alpha-VI and iPF3 alpha-VI [derived from 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)] using a combination of chemical synthesis, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Although nPF4 alpha-VI was below the detection limit of the assay, we conclusively identified iPF3 alpha-VI in human urine by GC/MS and LC/MS/MS. The mean levels in 26 subjects were approximately 300 pg/mg creatinine. Our failure to detect nPF4 alpha-VI may have been due to its rapid metabolism by beta-oxidation to iPF3 alpha-VI, which we showed to occur in rat liver homogenates. In contrast, iPF3 alpha-VI is highly resistant to beta-oxidation in vitro. Thus iPF3 alpha-VI can be formed by two mechanisms: i) direct autoxidation of EPA, and ii) beta-oxidation of nPF4 alpha-VI, formed by autoxidation of DHA. This iP may therefore serve as an excellent marker for the combined in vivo peroxidation of EPA and DHA.
Low ohmic multilayer contacts in lead‐Tin‐Telluride diode lasers (1983)

Abstract The preparation and the influence of low ohmic multilayer thin film contacts of lead‐salt homo‐ and heterolasers on the degradation of lasing parameters during recycling processes between low working temperatures and room temperatures storage are described and discussed in detail.
Chronic liver injury during obstructive sleep apnea† (2005)

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at risk for the development of fatty liver as a result of being overweight. Several data suggest that OSA per se could be a risk factor of liver injury; ischemic hepatitis during OSA has been reported, and OSA is an independent risk factor for insulin resistance. Therefore, we investigated liver damage and potential mechanisms in 163 consecutive nondrinking patients with nocturnal polysomnographic recording for clinical suspicion of OSA. Serum levels of liver enzymes were measured in all patients. Liver biopsy was offered to patients with elevated liver enzymes. Intrahepatic hypoxia was assessed by the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on liver biopsy specimens. Severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] > 50/hr) was seen in 27% of patients; 52% had moderate OSA (AHI 10-50/hr), and 21% had no OSA. Overall, 20% had elevated liver enzymes. Independent parameters associated with elevated liver enzymes were body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.13; CI: 1.03-1.2) and severe OSA (OR: 5.9; CI: 1.2-29). Liver biopsy was performed in 18 of 32 patients with elevated liver enzymes and showed steatohepatitis in 12 cases, associated with fibrosis in 7 cases. Patients with severe OSA were more insulin-resistant according to homeostasis model assessment, had higher percentage of steatosis as well as scores of necrosis and fibrosis, despite similar BMI. Hepatic immunostaining used as an indirect marker of hypoxia was not different between patients with or without severe OSA. In conclusion, severe OSA is a risk factor for elevated liver enzymes and steatohepatitis independent of body weight. Promotion of insulin resistance is probably involved. Further studies are needed to determine whether hypoxia contributes directly to liver injury.
Increase of Ocular Blood Flow by Some Phytogenic Compounds (1996)

The effects of a number of phytogenic compounds on ocular blood flow were measured by the colored microsphere technique in rabbits. Methyltyramine and coumarin increased blood flow in all eye tissues tested. The blood flow of iris, ciliary body-iris root, retina and choroid was increased by methyltyramine for 255%, 322%, 189%, and 189%, respectively, and by coumarin for 375%, 193%, 139% and 299%, respectively, at 120 minutes after drug administration. Rescinnamine, apocynin and hesperetin also increased ocular blood flow in all eye tissues except retina. The blood flow of iris, ciliary body-iris root, and choroid was increased by rescinnamine for 344%, 234%, and 199%, respectively; by apocynin for 355%, 152%, and 414%, respectively; and by hesperetin for 265%, 136%, and 204%, respectively, at 120 minutes after drug instillation. These results indicate that these compounds could be used to treat ischemic eye diseases in the future.
Anisotropic Local Approximations For Pointwise Adaptive Signal-Dependent Noise Removal (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Regulation of gene expression involved in flavonol and anthocyanin biosynthesis during petal development in lisianthus (<i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>) (2004)

To elucidate gene regulation of flower colour formation, the gene expressions of the enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were investigated in correlation with their product during floral development in lisianthus. Full‐length cDNA clones of major responsible genes in the central flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, including chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3‐hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3′,5′‐hydroxylase (F3′5′H), dihydroflavonol 4‐reductase (DFR), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), and flavonol synthase (FLS), were isolated and characterized. In lisianthus, the stage of the accumulation of flavonols and anthocyanins was shown to be divided clearly. The flavonol content increased prior to anthocyanin accumulation during floral development and declined when anthocyanin began to accumulate. CHS, CHI, and F3H were necessary for both flavonol and anthocyanin biosynthesis and were coordinately expressed throughout all stages of floral development; their expressions were activated independently at the stages corresponding to flavonol accumulation and anthocyanin accumulation, respectively. Consistent with flavonol and anthocyanin accumulation patterns, FLS, a key enzyme in flavonol biosynthesis, was expressed prior to the expression of the genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. The genes encoding F3′5′H, DFR, and ANS were expressed at later stages, just before pigmentation. The genes responsible for the flavonoid pathways branching to anthocyanins and flavonols were strictly regulated and were coordinated temporally to correspond to the biosynthetic order of their respective enzymes in the pathways, as well as in specific organs. In lisianthus, FLS and DFR, at the position of branching to flavonols and anthocyanins, were supposed to play a critical role in regulation of each biosynthesis.
Targeting Cell Division Cycle 7 Kinase: A New Approach for Cancer Therapy (2010)

The cell division cycle 7 (Cdc7) is a serine-threonine kinase, originally discovered in budding yeast, required to initiate DNA replication. Human Cdc7 phosphorylates the minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (Mcm2), a component of the DNA replicative helicase needed for genome duplication. Inhibition of Cdc7 in cancer cells impairs progression through S phase, inducing a p53-independent apoptotic cell death, whereas in normal cells, it does not affect cell viability. Small molecule compounds able to interfere with Cdc7 activity have been identified and shown to be effective in controlling tumor growth in animal models. Two Cdc7 inhibitors are currently in phase I clinical development. Inhibition of Cdc7 kinase activity in cancer cells restricts DNA replication and induces apoptotic cell death by an unprecedented molecular mechanism of action.
Cutting metastability using aperture transformation (2004)

Aperture transformation reduces metastability by trading unsafe edge arrival times with control signal metastability. We improve this further by providing 1) a new runt-free Schmitt trigger-based hardening technique using a controlled clock signal and 2) a new detection/compensation technique that overwrites controlled-clock metastability using set&clear controls.
Transcranial Magnetic Coil Stimulation of Motor Cortex in Patients with Central Pain (1995)

We report two patients with deafferentation pain secondary to central nervous system lesions who were evaluated by noninvasive magnetic coil stimulation of the motor cortex followed by electrical motor cortex stimulation with epidural electrode array implantation. Magnetic coil stimulation was very useful to estimate the effect of electrical stimulation. Our first patient was a 52-year-old man who experienced a left putamenal hemorrhage at the age of 48. Two years later, he had paresthesias and intractable pain in the extremities and face on the right side. Pain was resistant to barbiturates but responded to magnetic coil stimulation of the motor cortex. Electrical motor cortex stimulation provided excellent relief from the pain. The second patient was a 43-year-old man who was suffering from congenital cerebral palsy for which left thalamotomy was performed two times, at the ages of 9 and 13. He began to experience intractable pain on the right side 20 years later. Although barbiturate administration was effective for pain relief, neither magnetic coil stimulation nor electrical stimulation of the motor cortex gave relief from pain.