gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A multicast model for WDM-based local lightwave networks with a passive star topology (2002)

To achieve gigabit network service, WDM based lightwave network has been studied intensively. Many scheduling algorithms have bean proposed for single hop WDM based lightwave network with a passive star topology. But these algorithms didn't consider various network services, such as multicast. Multicast is an absolutely needed service for many modern applications, including distributed computing environment, multimedia communication, ..., etc. In this paper, a multicast model and a scheduling algorithm for WDM-based local lightwave networks with a passive star topology are proposed. Under this model, multicast requests can be scheduled efficiently. The simulation results show that our algorithm works well for unicast requests as well as multicast requests.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 Signals Opposing Transforming Growth Factor β in Mesangial Cells (2004)

Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) is expressed in adult kidney and reduces renal fibrogenesis when given exogenously to rodents with experimental chronic nephropathies. In mesangial cells that regulate glomerular fibrosis in vivo, BMP7 inhibits transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)-driven fibrogenesis, primarily by preventing the TGF-beta-dependent down-regulation of matrix degradation and up-regulation of PAI-1. The signals and mechanisms of the BMP7 opposition to actions of TGF-beta are unknown. Here we show in mesangial cells that BMP7 reduces nuclear accumulation of Smad3 and blocks the transcriptional up-regulation of the TGF-beta/Smad3 target, CAGA-lux. Smad5 knock-down impairs the ability of BMP7 to interfere with the activation of CAGA-lux and the accumulation of PAI-1 by TGF-beta indicating that Smad5 is required. Smad5 knock-down also reduces the rise in Smad6 upon BMP7. Forced expression of smad5 (found to be the preferred BMP7-induced receptor-activated Smad signal in mesangial cells) or of smad6 mimics BMP7 in opposing the increase in transcriptional activation of PAI-1 and its secretion upon TGF-beta. This suggests a model for the BMP7-induced opposition to TGF-beta-dependent mesangial fibrogenesis requiring Smad5; the model involves the inhibitory Smad6 downstream of Smad5 as well as reduced availability of Smad3 in the nucleus. BMP7 does not require signaling through Erk1/2, p38, or JNK and does not utilize the TGF-beta transcriptional co-repressors Ski or SnoN in mesangial cells. These studies provide first insights into mechanisms through which BMP7 opposes TGF-beta-induced glomerular fibrogenesis.
Concanavalin A-Activated Suppressor Cell Activity in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Urologic Cancer Patients<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref> (1980)

Concanavalin A (Con A)-inducible suppressor cell activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of urologic cancer patients and of appropriate controls with benign urologic disorders was measured concurrently. Although the proliferative responses to Con A of the cancer patients were significantly lower than those of controls, no difference in Con A-induced suppressor cell activity was demonstrated between cancer patients and controls when tested under a variety of conditions. Moreover, regression analysis revealed no correlation between the proliferative response to Con A and suppressor cell activity in either cancer patients or controls. The results indicated that Con A-inducible suppressor cell activity was unaltered in urologic cancer patients and suggested that suppressor cells of the type that can be activated by Con A were not involved in the general immunologic impairment frequently associated with urologic cancer.
Enhanced Photoreduction Activity of Carbon Dioxide over Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/CeO<sub>2</sub>Catalysts under Visible Light Irradiation (2015)

A series of new two semiconductor catalysts, Co 3 O 4 /CeO 2 , were prepared by glycine-nitrate combustion method for photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to produce methanol and ethanol under visible light (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>λ</mml:mi><mml:mo>></mml:mo><mml:mn>400</mml:mn></mml:math> nm) irradiation. The catalysts were characterized by BET, UV-vis spectra, XRD, SEM, PL, and XPS and the results indicated that the catalyst with 5 wt.% of Co 3 O 4 has the highest yield among all kinds of tests with the methanol yield of 1.52 μ mol·g −1 ·h −1 and the ethanol yield of 4.75 μ mol·g −1 ·h −1 , which are about 2.34 and 1.71 times as large as those of CeO 2 . However, methanol and ethanol can hardly be detected for Co 3 O 4 under the same condition because of its too narrow band gap. The improvement of the photoreduction activity of Co 3 O 4 doped CeO 2 was caused by the separation of electron-hole pairs of Co 3 O 4 /CeO 2 and charge transfer between Co 3 O 4 and CeO 2 , mimicking the Z-scheme in photosynthesis.
Massacres and Media Representations (2012)

This article examines the cultural politics of representations of violence in Assam. It shows how the 1983 coverage of the Nellie massacre provides the framework for all media coverage, and the media, along with the region, are both ‘identified’ in terms of violent representations. It looks at the depiction of massacres in the North-East (NE) of India in the media and suggests that both media and region are affected by this process. From the first visuals of Nellie featured in India Today in 1983 to the recent carnage in the Kokrajhar region reported widely in both print and visual media, the consolidation of an interpretative frame of violence for the region as it reels under the effects of insurgent activities seems to be attributable to the media more than to any other agency. This depiction I suggest feeds into the neglect narrative that has characterized the region’s perception of treatment by ‘mainstream India’. Studying the neglect narrative, the deployment of long-term and wider concerns and the production of a ‘representation effect’ that partially aestheticizes violence this article argues that the media is affected in its modes and rhetoric by its visual repetition of the violent incident and it also, in the process, helps to make the viewer immune and indifferent to such violence.
Some Remarks on the Persistent Objector Rule in Customary International Law (2012)

Some Remarks on the Persistent Objector Rule in Customary International Law
Effect of 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid (Ethephon) on the Endogenous Levels of Gibberellin-Like Substances and Abscisic Acid in Buds and Developing Shoots of Three Grape Varieties (1982)

Dormant buds and young developing shoots from grapevines sprayed with ethephon in the fall to hasten defoliation were analyzed for gibberellin-like substances and free and bound abscisic acid (ABA). The treatments which resulted in delayed budbreak had no effect on free gibberellic acid (GA) level but enhanced ABA and bound-GA syntheses. The presence of ABA in bud extracts, which depressed α-amylase activity in the barley endosperm bioassay, was confirmed by gas chromatography.
Short - time detection of QRS complex es using dual channel s based on U-Net and bidirectional long short - term memory (2020)

MIT-BIH Arrhythmias
Humidity Sensors Based on Photolithographically Patterned PVA Films Deposited on SAW Resonators (2015)

Relative humidity (RH) sensors are fabricated based on anti-corrosive gold electrodes surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators, which are covered with photolithographically patterned polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) films in micrometer resolution. The patterned films enable RH sensors conveniences of measurement and integration with clean contact pads, and facilitate the sensor design with various patterns for different applications requirements. Two RH sensors with almost the same PVA film thickness but different patterns are investigated. The sensor with the PVA film patterned only on the reflectors of the SAW resonator has larger RH operation range, higher maximum reflection, and narrower relative bandwidth. In comparison, the sensor shows higher sensitivity when the PVA film is only open at interdigital transducer pads.
Safety and Dose Study of Targeted Lung Denervation in Moderate/Severe COPD Patients (2019)

The results demonstrate acceptable safety and feasibility of TLD in patients with COPD, with improvements in adverse event rates after procedural enhancements.
Powerful and Tunable THz Emitters Based on the Fe/Pt Magnetic Heterostructure (2016)

Heterostructures composed of ferromagnetic metal and nonmagnetic metal with strong spin-orbit coupling are shown to be powerful broadband THz emitters, whose field strength can be maximized by optimizing the thickness of both ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic films, and the heterostructure layers. Furthermore, the THz spectrum and its intensity are tunable by the magnetic field orientation applied on the patterned magnetic Fe/Pt heterostructures. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Operational Performance Measurement: Increasing Total Productivity (1998)

Mention the phrase line, and the immediate thought tends to focus on a company's financial performance. Think again! There's an equally important factor that carries tremendous impact on that final total: operational performance measures.Implementation of a performance improvement program can significantly improve a company's bottom line. Operational Performance Measurement: Increasing Total Productivity shows the way-featuring a new integrated theory of performance measurement, with a never-before-published measurement model that's applicable to any business activity.Practical procedures and guidelines directly identify the variables that should be measured; guidelines to develop measurement systems; and how to analyze, interpret, and use performance methods effectively. Numerous diagrams, tables and examples make the principles and procedures easy to understand and implement.While this performance measurement approach is simplicity itself, be prepared for powerful results!Managers can put the theory into action right away- giving them better control, improved performance, increased personal productivity-and an easier day at work! Operations, finance, administration and quality managers alike will find there's so much to gain when they're Operational Performance Measurement: Increasing Total Productivity ... and a better bottom line is just the beginning!
A Study of Inorganic Ion Exchangers. VII. The Synthesis of γ-NH4ZrH(PO4)2 and Ion-exchange Properties of γ-Zr(HPO4)2·2H2O (1983)

Abstract The conditions for the synthesis of γ-NH4ZrH(PO4)2 and the ion-exchange properties of γ-Zr(HPO4)2·2H2O were investigated. The influence of the mole ratio of MH2PO4 (M=Na, K, and NH4) to ZrOCl2 on the formation of γ-zirconium phosphate using NaH2PO4 as MH2PO4 was such that the γ-form was obtained not in the NaH2PO4/ZrOCl2 mole ratio of 4, but in are of 8.3 or more. In case of the Na or K salt, a non-stoichiometric compound, MxZrH2−x(PO4)2, was obtained. When using the NH4 salt, a stoichiometric compound was synthesized at 120–280 °C in accordance with the following equation: ZrOCl2+NH4H2PO4→NH4ZrH(PO4)2+NH4Cl+HCl+H2O. Using an autoclave lined with Hastelloy-B and equipped with a stirrer, the synthesis was carried out by a reaction at 150–160 °C for 18–54 h. γ-Zr(HPO4)2·2H2O was prepared from NH4ZrH(PO4)2, and its ion-exchange capacity at pH 4.5 and selectivity quotient toward alkali metals and ammonium ions were measured. The measured values increased in the order of Li+&lt;Cs+&lt;Na+&lt;K+&lt;NH4+.
An Interactive Search Method Based on User Preferences (2008)

This paper presents a general method for interactively searching for objects (alternatives) in a large collection the contents of which are unknown to the user and where the objects are defined by a large number of discrete-valued attributes. Briefly, the method presents an object and asks the user to indicate his or her preference for the object. The method allows preference indications in two basic modes: (1) by assignment of objects to predefined preference categories such as high, medium, and low preference or (2) by direct preference comparison of objects such as “object A preferred to object B.” From these preference statements, the method learns about the user's preferences and constructs an approximation to a value or preference function of the user (additive or multiplicative) at each iteration. It then uses this approximate preference function to rerank the objects in the collection and retrieve the top-ranked ones to present to the user at the next iteration. The process terminates when the user is satisfied with the list of top-ranked objects. This method can also be used to solve general multiattribute discrete alternative problems, where the alternatives are known with certainty and described by a set of discrete-valued attributes. Test results are reported and application possibilities are discussed.
Using traders for autonomous service provision in intelligent networks (2002)

The evolution of the telecommunications environment toward an open distributed processing system, influenced by the recent developments in the framework of open distributed processing (ODP) and intelligent networks (INs), is addressed. The trader is a component for solving autonomy issues, since entities/objects which register for cooperation with other entities at the trader are limiting their autonomy to a specific degree. In contrast to manual negotiations between importers and exporters the trader represents a trusted third party automating these negotiations. The possible mapping of IN and ODP concepts and the application of the ODP trader in INs to support different autonomy issues in the provision of IN services are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Building Envelope Correlations for New Zealand Office Buildings (1997)

Office building energy use is the product of a complex interaction between design and operational parameters. In this paper, three key parameters describing the influence of the building envelope on space heating and cooling loads are identified. Regulatory, design and research applications of this approach are discussed.
High critical field anisotropy of superconducting Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu oxide from highly oriented thin films (1988)

Superconducting films of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu oxides have been grown on MgO substrates by multitarget magnetron sputtering. After post-annealing in an oxygen atmosphere, zero resistance was obtained at about 80 K. X-ray diffraction indicates a high degree of preferential growth of the c axis perpendicular to the substrate. Measurements of the upper critical field Bc2(T) of these films show critical field slopes (B′c2≡−dBc2/dT at Tc) of 8.5 and 0.56 T/K, respectively, for B parallel and perpendicular to the substrate. The anisotropy of ∼15 and the Bc2∥ are the highest values yet reported for high-temperature superconductors.
A multimedia interface for facilitating comparisons of opinions (2009)

Written opinion on products and other entities can be important to consumers and researchers, but expensive and difficult to analyze. We present a multimedia interface designed to facilitate the analysis of opinions on multiple entities, which could be beneficial to many individuals and organizations. It integrates an information visualization and an intelligent system that selects notable comparisons in the data and summarizes them in text. This system applies a set of statistics for comparing opinions across entities. We conducted a study of our interface with 36 subjects. Subjects liked the visualization overall and our system's selections overlapped with those of subjects more than did the selections of baseline systems. Given the choice, subjects often changed their selections to be more consistent with those of our system. This suggests that system selections were valuable to them.
Understanding Retinal Color Coding from First Principles (1992)

A previously proposed theory of visual processing, based on redundancy reduction, is used to derive the retinal transfer function including color. The predicted kernels show the nontrivial mixing of space-time with color coding observed in experiments. The differences in color-coding between species are found to be due to differences among the chromatic autocorrelators for natural scenes in different environments.
Insertion and removal of intrauterine devices. (2005)

The intrauterine device (IUD) is an effective contraceptive for many women. The copper-releasing IUD can be used for 10 years before replacement and is a good choice for women who cannot, or choose not to, use hormone-releasing contraceptives. However, some women experience an increase in menstrual blood loss and dysmenorrhea. The progestin-releasing IUD can be used for five years. It may reduce menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea, although some women have increased spotting and bleeding during the first months after insertion. The ideal candidates for IUD use are parous women in stable, monogamous relationships. Pregnancy, unexplained vaginal bleeding, and a lifestyle placing the woman at risk for sexually transmitted diseases are contraindications to IUD use. Insertion of the IUD can take place at any time during the menstrual cycle provided the woman is not pregnant. Before insertion, a bimanual examination and a sounding of the uterus are necessary to determine the uterus position and the depth of the uterine cavity. The IUD is inserted into the uterus according to individual protocols, with the threads cut at a length to allow the patient to check the device's position. Expulsion may occur with both types of IUDs.
Effect of Ventricular Fibrillation Duration on the Defibrillation Threshold in Humans (2002)

Early during ventricular fibrillation, the defibrillation threshold may be low, as ventricular fibrillation most probably arises from a localized area with only a few wavefronts and the effects of global ischemia, ventricular dilatation, and sympathetic discharge have not yet fully developed. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of the timing of shock delivery in humans. During implantation of an ICD in 26 patients (24 men, 60 +/- 11 years, 19 coronary artery disease, NYHA 2.2 +/- 0.4, left ventricular ejection fraction 0.42 +/- 0.16), the defibrillation threshold was determined after approximately 10 and 2 seconds of ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation was induced by T wave shocks. Mean defibrillation threshold was 9.9 +/- 3.6 J after 10.3 +/- 1.0 seconds. Within 2 seconds, 20 of 26 patients could be successfully defibrillated with < or = 8 J. In these patients, the mean defibrillation threshold was 4.0 +/- 2.1 J after 1.4 +/- 0.3 seconds compared to 9.5 +/- 3.1 J after 10.2 +/- 1.1 seconds (P < 0.001). There were no clinical differences between patients who could be successfully defibrillated within 2 seconds and those patients without successful defibrillation within 2 seconds. In the majority of patients, the defibrillation threshold was significantly lower within the first few cycles of ventricular fibrillation than after 10 seconds of ventricular fibrillation. These results should lead to exploration of earlier shock delivery in implantable devices. This could possibly reduce the incidence of syncope in patients with rapid ventricular tachyarrhythmias and ICDs.
Size Reduction of a DC Link Choke Using Saturation Gap and Biasing with Permanent Magnets (2014)

This document describes the design procedure of permanent magnet biased DC inductors using the Saturation-gap technique [1]. This biasing configuration can provide a 50% reduction in either the core volume or the number of turns, while meeting its current and inductance requirements. A design example on a 20A 1mH iron laminations DC choke is presented. MEC simulations and empirical measurements on a physical unit were performed. Experimental results show a 50% reduction of the core volume is achieved. The total volume reduction of the inductor is 37%.
A structural determinant in the uracil DNA glycosylase superfamily for the removal of uracil from adenine/uracil base pairs (2014)

The uracil DNA glycosylase superfamily consists of several distinct families. Family 2 mismatch-specific uracil DNA glycosylase (MUG) from Escherichia coli is known to exhibit glycosylase activity on three mismatched base pairs, T/U, G/U and C/U. Family 1 uracil N-glycosylase (UNG) from E. coli is an extremely efficient enzyme that can remove uracil from any uracil-containing base pairs including the A/U base pair. Here, we report the identification of an important structural determinant that underlies the functional difference between MUG and UNG. Substitution of a Lys residue at position 68 with Asn in MUG not only accelerates the removal of uracil from mismatched base pairs but also enables the enzyme to gain catalytic activity on A/U base pairs. Binding and kinetic analysis demonstrate that the MUG-K68N substitution results in enhanced ground state binding and transition state interactions. Molecular modeling reveals that MUG-K68N, UNG-N123 and family 5 Thermus thermophiles UDGb-A111N can form bidentate hydrogen bonds with the N3 and O4 moieties of the uracil base. Genetic analysis indicates the gain of function for A/U base pairs allows the MUG-K68N mutant to remove uracil incorporated into the genome during DNA replication. The implications of this study in the origin of life are discussed.
Graph edit distance from spectral seriation (2005)

This paper is concerned with computing graph edit distance. One of the criticisms that can be leveled at existing methods for computing graph edit distance is that they lack some of the formality and rigor of the computation of string edit distance. Hence, our aim is to convert graphs to string sequences so that string matching techniques can be used. To do this, we use a graph spectral seriation method to convert the adjacency matrix into a string or sequence order. We show how the serial ordering can be established using the leading eigenvector of the graph adjacency matrix. We pose the problem of graph-matching as a maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) alignment of the seriation sequences for pairs of graphs. This treatment leads to an expression in which the edit cost is the negative logarithm of the a posteriori sequence alignment probability. We compute the edit distance by finding the sequence of string edit operations which minimizes the cost of the path traversing the edit lattice. The edit costs are determined by the components of the leading eigenvectors of the adjacency matrix and by the edge densities of the graphs being matched. We demonstrate the utility of the edit distance on a number of graph clustering problems.
Fast Crosstalk Repair by Quick Timing Change Estimation (2007)

Post route crosstalk repair is a difficult process and often requires significant manual intervention. Since repairing crosstalk for one net may cause new timing violations on other nets, the repair process might not converge. This often makes automation process of crosstalk repair difficult. In this paper, we formulate crosstalk repair process as an integer linear programming (ILP). Then, we propose a fast and efficient heuristic algorithm that minimizes the number of repairs by quickly estimating and predicting new timing information to choose the best candidate. Our experiments with industrial designs have shown excellent crosstalk repair results without any manual intervention