gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure analysis of a fatty acid double-bond hydratase from<i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (2013)

Bacteria have evolved mechanisms for the hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. Hydroxy fatty acid formation may be the first step in such a process; however, knowledge of the structural and mechanistic aspects of this reaction is scarce. Recently, myosin cross-reactive antigen was shown to be a bacterial FAD-containing hydratase which acts on the 9Z and 12Z double bonds of C16 and C18 non-esterified fatty acids, with the formation of 10-hydroxy and 10,13-dihydroxy fatty acids. These fatty acid hydratases form a large protein family which is conserved across Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with no sequence similarity to any known protein apart from the FAD-binding motif. In order to shed light on the substrate recognition and the mechanism of the hydratase reaction, the crystal structure of the hydratase from Lactobacillus acidophilus (LAH) was determined by single-wavelength anomalous dispersion. Crystal structures of apo LAH and of LAH with bound linoleic acid were refined at resolutions of 2.3 and 1.8 Å, respectively. LAH is a homodimer; each protomer consists of four intricately connected domains. Three of them form the FAD-binding and substrate-binding sites and reveal structural similarity to three domains of several flavin-dependent enzymes, including amine oxidoreductases. The additional fourth domain of LAH is located at the C-terminus and consists of three α-helices. It covers the entrance to the hydrophobic substrate channel leading from the protein surface to the active site. In the presence of linoleic acid, the fourth domain of one protomer undergoes conformational changes and opens the entrance to the substrate-binding channel of the other protomer of the LAH homodimer. The linoleic acid molecule is bound at the entrance to the substrate channel, suggesting movement of the lid domain triggered by substrate recognition.
Effect of process variables on melt temperature profiles in extrusion process using single screw plastics extruder (2003)

AbstractAbstractMelt temperature is an important parameter in the melt processing of polymers. However, it is not possible to control melt temperature directly, only to influence it using processing parameters such as processing temperature settings. It is therefore important to know the influence of controllable process parameters on melt temperature. In this work, the relationships between controllable process parameters and melt temperature have been investigated for a 50 mm S + B single screw extruder. The extruder was equipped with a thermocouple mesh at the die inlet to determine melt temperature. It was found that melt pressure, die size, feed section barrel temperature, and compression section barrel temperature had a negligible effect on the melt temperature profiles generated, while increasing the screw speed resulted in higher melt temperatures. The metering section barrel temperature had a significant effect on melt temperature, thermal conduction effects being more important than shear heating effects. Equipment wall temperatures, downstream of the screw, produced changes in the melt temperature in the melt located within 7 mm of the wall. It was found that melt temperatures can be significantly different from those set on the equipment.
Using insertion convolutional code for speech transmission over GERAN 8PSK voice bearers (2002)

Lower rate codes can be constructed from a high rate code by inserting known dummy bits into the information bit sequence before encoding. These so-called insertion convolutional (IC) codes can individually adjust the amount of protection given to the information bits, and can be decoded using the same decoder as for the mother codes. We employed the recursive systematic insertion convolutional (RSIC) codes in adaptive multirate (AMR) speech transmission over GERAN (GSM/EDGE radio access network) 8PSK half rate (HR) voice carriers and good results were obtained. The unequal error protection (UEP) necessary for differently important speech encoded bits is realized and optimized by employing different rates of channel codes, followed by a systematic mapping of code bits into strong and weak bits of 8PSK symbols. As a result, the scheme for AMR speech transmission over 8PSK HR voice carriers significantly outperforms the scheme over GMSK HR voice carriers.
Evaluating certificate status information mechanisms (2000)

Article Evaluating certificate status information mechanisms Share on Authors: John Iliadis Dept. of Information & Communication Systems, University of the Aegean, GR-83 200 Karlovasi, Greece Dept. of Information & Communication Systems, University of the Aegean, GR-83 200 Karlovasi, GreeceView Profile , Diomidis Spinellis Dept. of Information & Communication Systems, University of the Aegean, GR-83 200 Karlovasi, Greece Dept. of Information & Communication Systems, University of the Aegean, GR-83 200 Karlovasi, GreeceView Profile , Dimitris Gritzalis Dept. of Informatics, Athens, University of Economics & Business, 76 Patission St., GR-10434 Athens, Greece Dept. of Informatics, Athens, University of Economics & Business, 76 Patission St., GR-10434 Athens, GreeceView Profile , Bart Preneel Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, K. Mercierlaan 94, Heverlee, B-3001 Belgium Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, K. Mercierlaan 94, Heverlee, B-3001 BelgiumView Profile , Sokratis Katsikas Dept. of Information & Communication Systems, University of the Aegean, GR-83 200 Karlovasi, Greece Dept. of Information & Communication Systems, University of the Aegean, GR-83 200 Karlovasi, GreeceView Profile Authors Info & Claims CCS '00: Proceedings of the 7th ACM conference on Computer and Communications SecurityNovember 2000 Pages 1–8https://doi.org/10.1145/352600.352603Online:01 November 2000Publication History 18citation842DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations18Total Downloads842Last 12 Months15Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Inhibition of activation induced CD154 on CD4<sup>+</sup> CD25<sup>−</sup> cells: a valid surrogate for human Treg suppressor function (2012)

Natural Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are defined by stable expression of the cell surface proteins CD4 and CD25, low surface expression of CD127 and expression of the transcription factor FOXP3. The contribution of Treg to the prevention of autoimmunity and the maintenance of immune homoestasis is the subject of ongoing interest, as alterations in Treg numbers and function are implicated in a wide range of diseases. The in vitro benchmark for determining Treg function is suppression of proliferation of unmatched effector T cells in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) over a 3-6-day time period. As an alternative to this assay, we show that a 7-h CD154 expression assay is rapid, simple and provides a reliable readout of suppressor function. Using multiple Treg-like cell types including natural (n)Treg, inducible (i)Treg and Treg cell lines, we show that suppression of CD154 expression is a surrogate for suppression of proliferation. We propose this as a suitable alternative to the MLR assay, as it is rapid and may be more amenable to high-throughput screening, analysing large cohorts of clinical samples or assaying transiently suppressive populations.
Dual collimation acquisition for high resolution, low noise SPECT (1991)

Dual-collimation (DC) imaging for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is presented as a technique to improve effective sensitivity with little loss of resolution. For some imaging tasks, DC can overcome the inherent tradeoff between resolution and sensitivity of gamma camera collimators. Simulations were used to investigate the system performance without the expense of collimator fabrication. With DC for SPECT, a single image which is consistent with two projection sets acquired in two different collimators is reconstructed, one with high resolution/low sensitivity and another with high sensitivity/low resolution. By incorporating a detailed model of the SPECT acquisition geometry (including each collimator) into the maximum-likelihood expectation maximization reconstruction algorithm, an image having a combination of moderate noise and moderate resolution is produced. Based on a preliminary evaluation of DC for SPECT, it is concluded that, for moderate-size (2-cm radius) cold lesion imaging, DC can provide significant improvement in contrast-to-noise without significantly sacrificing image contrast, although for smaller lesions this advantage is diminished. For small hot spot imaging, DC can provide significant improvement in image noise without significantly sacrificing image resolution.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cloning and expression of phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D from Ricinus communis L. (1994)

Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D (PLD; EC 3.1.4.4) has been proposed to play an important role in the signal transduction pathways in animals and in various cellular processes in plants. To unravel the structure of PLD and further the investigation of its modes of regulation and cellular function, we have isolated a PLD cDNA from castor bean (Ricinus communis L. var. Hale) by using oligonucleotide probes based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of purified PLD protein. The nucleotide sequence of the castor bean PLD cDNA clone contains an open reading frame of 2424 bases encoding an 808-amino acid protein of 92,400 daltons. Expression of this PLD cDNA clone in Escherichia coli resulted in the accumulation of a functional PLD able to catalyze hydrolysis and transphosphatidylation reactions, demonstrating that the introduction of this single gene product was sufficient to confer PLD activity and that both the hydrolysis and transphosphatidylation reactions are catalyzed the single PLD protein. Comparison of the deduced protein sequence of the clone to the N-terminal amino acid sequence of purified PLD revealed that the mature PLD protein is preceded by a 30-amino acid leader peptide. Removal of this leader peptide resulted in accumulation of non-functional PLD and also increased PLD degradation in E. coli, suggesting that this leader peptide may be involved in proper folding of PLD. The primary structure of the castor bean PLD exhibits no significant similarities with sequences of other cloned lipolytic enzymes.
Registration of Clinical Trials (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
Feature Article—The Ellipsoid Method: A Survey (1981)

In February 1979 a note by L. G. Khachiyan indicated how an ellipsoid method for linear programming can be implemented in polynomial time. This result has caused great excitement and stimulated a flood of technical papers. Ordinarily there would be no need for a survey of work so recent, but the current circumstances are obviously exceptional. Word of Khachiyan's result has spread extraordinarily fast, much faster than comprehension of its significance. A variety of issues have, in general, not been well understood, including the exact character of the ellipsoid method and of Khachiyans result on polynomiality, its practical significance in linear programming, its implementation, its potential applicability to problems outside of the domain of linear programming, and its relationship to earlier work. Our aim is to help clarify these important issues in the context of a survey of the ellipsoid method, its historical antecedents, recent developments, and current research.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF HEXO‐O‐METHYL‐8,8′′‐BINARINGENIN (1976)

Abstract Aus dem Biphenyl (I) erhält man nach Friedel‐Crafts die Diacetylverbindung (II), die zum Bis‐chalkon (III) kondensiert wird.
Citrate Fermentation by <i>Lactococcus</i> and <i>Leuconostoc</i> spp (1991)

Citrate and lactose fermentation are subject to the same metabolic regulation. In both processes, pyruvate is the key intermediate. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis homofermentatively converted pyruvate to lactate at high dilution (growth) rates, low pH, and high lactose concentrations. Mixed-acid fermentation with formate, ethanol, and acetate as products was observed under conditions of lactose limitation in continuous culture at pH values above 6.0. An acetoin/butanediol fermentation with alpha-acetolactate as an intermediate was found upon mild aeration in continuous culture and under conditions of excess pyruvate production from citrate. Leuconostoc spp. showed a limited metabolic flexibility. A typical heterofermentative conversion of lactose was observed under all conditions in both continuous and batch cultures. The pyruvate produced from either lactose or citrate was converted to d-lactate. Citrate utilization was pH dependent in both L. lactis and Leuconostoc spp., with maximum rates observed between pH 5.5 and 6.0. The maximum specific growth rate was slightly stimulated by citrate, in L. lactis and greatly stimulated by citrate in Leuconostoc spp., and the conversion of citrate resulted in increased growth yields on lactose for both L. lactis and Leuconostoc spp. This indicates that energy is conserved during the metabolism of citrate.
The longmont community justice partnership: Restorative justice practice as collaboration (2002)

This paper documents the application of restorative justice principles using a model which was developed by the Longmont Community Justice Partnership (LCJP) and is being used in other communities in Colorado. It explains the structure and operation of this model as well as addresses some of the challenging issues program participants faced during the startup, development, and maintenance phases of the program. Among other issues we consider community support, team development, evaluation, restorative language, funding, and the limitations of the model. Finally we discuss the way in which this program has potential for other communities which seek to implement restorative justice practices.
Bacillus subtilis spore coat assembly requires cotH gene expression (1996)

Endospores of Bacillus subtilis are encased in a protein shell, known as the spore coat, composed of a lamella-like inner layer and an electron-dense outer layer. We report the identification and characterization of a gene, herein called cotH, located at 300 degrees on the B. subtilis genetic map between two divergent cot genes, cotB and cotG. The cotH open reading frame extended for 1,086 bp and corresponded to a polypeptide of 42.8 kDa. Spores of a cotH null mutant were normally heat, lysozyme, and chloroform resistant but were impaired in germination. The mutant spores were also pleiotropically deficient in several coat proteins, including the products of the previously cloned cotB, -C, and -G genes. On the basis of the analysis of a cotE cotH double mutant, we infer that CotH is probably localized in the inner coat and is involved in the assembly of several proteins in the outer layer of the coat.
Graphene Oxide: A Nonspecific Enhancer of Cellular Growth (2011)

There have been multiple conflicting reports about the biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide. To address this, we conducted a study to characterize the antimicrobial properties of graphene oxide (GO) and its biocompatibility with mammalian cells. When GO was added to a bacterial culture at 25 μg/mL, the results showed that bacteria grew faster and to a higher optical density than cultures without GO. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that bacteria formed dense biofilms in the presence of GO. This was shown by a large mass of aggregated cells and extracellular polymeric material. Bacterial growth on filters coated with 25 and 75 μg of GO grew 2 and 3 times better than on filters without GO. Closer analysis showed that bacteria were able to attach and proliferate preferentially in areas containing the highest GO levels. Graphene oxide films failed to produce growth inhibition zones around them, indicating a lack of antibacterial properties. Also, bacteria were able to grow on GO films to 9.5 × 10(9) cells from an initial inoculation of 1.0 × 10(6), indicating that it also lacks bacteriostatic activity. Thus, silver-coated GO films were able to produce clearing zones and cell death. Also, graphene oxide was shown to greatly enhance the attachment and proliferation of mammalian cells. This study conclusively demonstrates that graphene oxide does not have intrinsic antibacterial, bacteriostatic, and cytotoxic properties in both bacteria and mammalian cells. Furthermore, graphene oxide acts as a general enhancer of cellular growth by increasing cell attachment and proliferation.
Characterization of <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements of the vascular endothelial growth inhibitor gene promoter (2005)

VEGI (vascular endothelial growth inhibitor), a member of the tumour necrosis factor superfamily, has been reported to inhibit endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis and tumour growth. We identified and cloned approx. 2.2 kb of the VEGI promoter from mouse cerebral endothelial cells. The promoter contained an atypical TATA-box-binding protein sequence TAAAAAA residing at -32/-26 relative to the transcription initiation site (+1), 83 bp upstream from the ATG start codon. To investigate critical sequences in the VEGI promoter, a series of deleted and truncated segments were constructed from a 2300 bp promoter construct (-2201/+96) linked to a luciferase reporter gene. Transient transfection of cerebral microvascular cells (bEND.3) and rat C6 glioma cells demonstrated that a 1700 bp deletion from the -2201 to -501 did not significantly affect promoter activity; however, a truncated construct (-501/+96) lacking the region between -312 and -57 resulted in nearly 90% loss of promoter activity. A consensus NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappaB) and several SP1 (specificity protein-1)-binding sequences were identified within the deleted segment. Supershift analysis revealed that NF-kappaB subunits, p50 and p65, interacted with the VEGI promoter. Exposure of cerebral endothermic cells to the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, increased VEGI mRNA levels and DNA-binding activities, whereas an NF-kappaB inhibitor attenuated this increase. In addition, p65 overexpression enhanced, whereas p50 overexpression decreased, the luciferase activity. Furthermore, mutation of the NF-kappaB DNA binding site blocked this p65- and tumour necrosis factor-alpha-induced luciferase activity. These findings suggest that the transcription factor NF-kappaB plays an important role in the regulation of VEGI expression.
SiN passivation layer effects on un-gated two-dimensional electron gas density in AlGaN/AlN/GaN field-effect transistors (2012)

In this paper, we present a study of SiN passivation layer effects on the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) sheet density in unintentionally doped AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures, using a polarization model based on interface charges and a fully numerical calculation. The analysis of our results clearly indicates that there are at least two occupied sub-bands in the 2DEG for passivated AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures, and with increasing passivation layer thickness and AlN interlayer thickness the 2DEG density increases. The comparison of our calculated results with published experimental data is shown to be in a very good agreement.
Correlation of Sugar Yields with the Percent of Joints Bored by Diatraea saccharalis (F.): Sugarcane Borer Studies: I (1942)

A number of papers discussing the effect of the Moth cane borer Ditatraea saccharalis (F.) upon sugarcane have been published. An early paper cited by Van Dine (1912) is that of Fernando Lopez Tuero (La Cana de Azucar en Puerto Rico, su Cultivo y Enfermedad, 1895). In this paper Tuero describes the losses due to fermentation and states that in heavily infested fields the losses likely to be so great as to make it useless to harvest the crop. Stubbs and Morgan (1902) gave the first estimate of borer damage to cane in Louisiana. Barber (1911) on the basis of samples of bored and unbored canes of the variety D 74 place the sugar losses per ton of cane at 37.29 pounds. These early writers on this subject point out that losses are not limited to the loss of sugar in mature cane. At the 1932 meetings of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists Hinds (1933) presented a paper on the methods of estimating the abundance of Diatraea saccharalis (F.) which provoked considerable discussion. For a number of years a determination of the percent of joints showing external injury has been used by the Entomologists of the United States Department of Agriculture in Louisiana as a measure of the abundance of the borer and the extent of damage caused by this insect. This method has also been used at the Everglades Experiment Station for the past four years. Jaynes and Bynum (1941) in their study of the relationship between the number of internally bored joints and the joints showing external injury found a very high correlation coefficient. With the knowledge of this high degree of correlation a determination of the percent of joints externally injured can be used as a dependable guide to the abundance of the sugarcane borer. However, a determination of the percent of joints bored in a particular cane field does not provide an estimate of the amount of sugar lost
Symptom Correlates of Prepulse Inhibition Deficits in Male Schizophrenic Patients (1999)

Under these experimental conditions, schizophrenia-linked deficits in prepulse inhibition detected with a relatively strong prepulse are correlated with both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The level of correlation, while significant in this cohort, is not as robust as that in previous reports linking prepulse inhibition deficits with other measures, such as thought disorder. Future work should probably focus on the relationship of prepulse inhibition deficits to measures such as thought disorder rather than positive and negative symptoms.
Effects of facet coatings on the degradation characteristics of GaAs-Ga1−<i>x</i>Al<i>x</i>As DH lasers (1977)

Facet damage which is one of the major mechanisms of slow degradation has been virtually eliminated with Al2O3 facet coatings. Al2O3 half-wave films deposited by the conventional CVD method have been found to be effective not only for minimizing facet erosion but also for increasing the catastrophic failure limit by about a factor of 2.