gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Light emitting diode-based nanosecond ultraviolet light source for fluorescence lifetime measurements (1995)

A compact pulsed-light source is devised from an InGaN/AlGaN double heterostructure light-emitting diode (LED). The LED emits a 450-nm (blue) light under conventional dc operation below 30 mA. When a current larger than 50 mA is applied, the intensity of the 450-nm light saturates, but that of the 380-nm light due to the InGaN component continues to increase. This phenomenon is utilized to realize a nanosecond ultraviolet (UV) light source. Under repetitive, large current pulsing (frequency=10 kHz, pulse width=4 ns, peak current=2 A), the peak LED emission shifts from 450 to 380 nm. Intense light pulses (peak value=40 mW) of 4-ns duration were generated. To evaluate the potential of the pulsed LED as an excitation source, the fluorescence lifetime of a quinine-sulfate solution was measured. The observed lifetime characteristics agreed well with the generally accepted behavior.
Relationships between Hydroxyproline-containing Proteins Secreted into the Cell Wall and Medium by Suspension-cultured <i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i> Cells (1977)

The pathway of hydroxyproline-containing proteins to the cell wall, and to the growth medium in suspension-cultured Acer pseudoplatanus cells is traced by following the kinetics of the transfer of protein-bound (14)C-hydroxyproline into various fractions, and by comparing the hydroxyproline-arabinoside profiles of these fractions after alkaline hydrolysis.Hydroxyproline-rich protein passes directly from a membrane-bound compartment in the cytoplasm to the cell wall, not via an intermediate salt-soluble pool in the wall.There are at least three hydroxyproline-containing glycoproteins in the cell wall. One which possesses mono, tri, and tetraarabinoside side chains accounts for over 90% of the total hydroxyproline. This glycoprotein is "extensin."The hydroxyproline-containing proteins secreted into the medium have a glycosylation pattern markedly different from that of the major cell wall glycoprotein. It appears that there is little or no wall-like extensin in the medium.Approximately half of the protein-bound hydroxyproline secreted into the medium is linked to an arabinogalactan. This linkage is also found in a particulate wall protein precursor fraction from the cytoplasm, but only trace amounts can be detected in the cell wall.
Sensorless speed and position control of synchronous machines using alternating carrier injection (2003)

High frequency carrier injection is a promising approach solving high performance sensorless drive demands. Position control at low and zero speed is only possible using anisotropic effects considered in high-frequency models. The usually open loop carrier signal injection is impacted by nonlinear inverter properties like the dead-time effect. This paper discusses the influence of the dead time effect on the carrier signal excitation comparing alternating and revolving injection principles. To overcome disturbing effects an alternating injection procedure is proposed using a predefined injection angle. The approach reduces the effects of the inverter distortion voltages. As a result it is possible to track even small saliencies typical for surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines. For processing the high frequency current for position estimation, there is no additional hardware necessary within a standard drives with field oriented control. The paper presents theoretical analysis and experimental results.
Fast myocardial T<sub>1</sub> mapping using shortened inversion recovery based schemes (2019)

1 Technical Efficacy Stage: 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:641-654.
Inner-city destruction and survival: the case of Over-the-Rhine, Cincinnati (2001)

The purpose of this study is to determine how the original street and lot patterns of an inner-city area have affected the incidence of development, demolition and redevelopment. In particular, the correlation is examined between the pattern of streets, lots and building types on the one hand, and the survival of nineteenth-century buildings on the other. The focus of the study is the district called Over-the-Rhine, in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Cryptanalysis of Little Dragon Two multivariate public key cryptosystem (2010)

In 2009, Rajesh P Singh, et al proposed Little Dragon Two multivariate public key cryptosystem by using a permutation polynomial. This paper makes a thorough analysis of the Little Dragon Two scheme and presents an attack method, which can recover the equivalent secret key in polynomial time. Accordingly we break this cryptosystem.
Design and Optimization of Broadband Micromachined Antenna (2006)

Performance improvement of a micromachined patch antenna operating at 30 GHz with a capacitively coupled feed arrangement is presented here. Such antennas are useful for monolithic integration with active components. Specifically, micromachining can be employed to achieve a low dielectric constant region under the patch which causes (i) the suppression of surface waves and hence the increase in radiation efficiency and (ii) increase in the bandwidth. The performance of such a patch antenna can be significantly improved by selecting a coupled feed arrangement. We have optimized the dimensions and location of the capacitive feeding strip to get the maximum improvement in bandwidth. Since this is a totally planar arrangement, and does not involve any stacked structures, this antenna is easy to fabricate using standard microfabrication techniques. The antenna element thus designed has a -10 dB bandwidth of 1600 MHz
Geophysical radar design (1988)

The article begins by setting out issues of policy and system architecture and design which have informed the development of impulse radar systems at CCL. We then describe in outline and illustrate various systems including a helicopter-mounted surveying instrument, a ground-based impulse radar test-bed, and an instrument for investigating performance in a borehole. The thrust of the article is that the current state of the technique suits it for application in the form of purpose-designed systems by experienced operators under defined conditions rather than general-purpose systems in the hands of unqualified users.
Low Molecular Weight Antagonists of the Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein: Synthesis, Docking, and Biological Evaluation (2010)

The injured adult mammalian central nervous system is an inhibitory environment for axon regeneration due to specific inhibitors, among them the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a member of the Siglec family (sialic-acid binding immunoglobulin-like lectin). In earlier studies, we identified the lead structure 5, which shows a 250-fold improved in vitro affinity for MAG compared to the tetrasaccharide binding epitope of GQ1balpha (1), the best physiological MAG ligand described so far. By modifying the 2- and 5-position, the affinity of 5 could be further improved to the nanomolar range (-->19a). Docking studies to a homology model of MAG allowed the rationalization of the experimental binding properties. Finally, pharmacokinetic parameters (stability in the cerebrospinal fluid, logD and permeation through the BBB) indicate the drug-like properties of the high-affinity antagonist 19a.
Expression of flagella is coincident with uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> ascension to the upper urinary tract (2007)

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) cause most uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans. Because UTIs are considered to occur in an ascending manner, flagellum-mediated motility has been suggested to contribute to virulence by enabling UPEC to disseminate to the upper urinary tract. Previous studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated a modest yet important role for flagella during ascending UTI. To better understand the role of flagella in vivo , we used biophotonic imaging to monitor UPEC infection and temporospatial flagellin gene expression during ascending UTI. Using em7-lux (constitutive) and fliC-lux transcriptional fusions, we show that flagellin expression by UPEC coincides with ascension of the ureters and colonization of the kidney. The patterns of fliC luminescence observed in vitro and in vivo were also validated by comparative quantitative PCR. Because fliC expression appeared coincident during ascension, we reassessed the contribution of fliC to ascending UTI using a low-dose intraurethral model of ascending UTI. Although wild-type UPEC were able to establish infection in the bladder and kidneys by 6 hours postinoculation, fliC mutant bacteria were able to colonize the bladder but were significantly attenuated in the kidneys at this early time point. By 48 hours postinoculation, the fliC mutant bacteria were attenuated in the bladder and kidneys and were not detectable in the spleen. These data provide compelling evidence that wild-type UPEC express flagellin and presumably utilize flagellum-mediated motility during UTI to ascend to the upper urinary tract and disseminate within the host.
Beam Shaping for Satellite Phased Array Antenna Using Dual Coding Genetic Algorithm (2009)

A transmitting beam shaping scheme with limited amplitude weighted values for satellite active phased array antenna is presented to meet lower sidelobe and higher power amplifiers efficiency. The scheme is implemented by a dual coding genetic algorithm (GA) .Phase and amplitude of array weight vectors for shaped beam are encoded by real coding and finite length binary coding, which, maintaining accuracy of results, reduces the amplitude dynamic range and improves the efficiency of power amplifiers. The presented algorithm, compared to complex-coded GA, increases the convergence rate due to the search space's decrease. In order to overcome the prematurity and obtain better global optimization or quasi-global optimization, a new dual coding GA based on "species diversity retention" strategy and adaptive crossover and mutation probability is presented.
<i>Bartonella henselae</i>Infects Human Erythrocytes (2007)

Bartonella henselae, a facultative intracellular bacterium, has been known as the agent of cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, endocarditis, and bacteremic syndrome in humans. Bartonella species can cause intraerythrocytic infections and have been isolated from the bloodstream of patients by several methods. It was demonstrated that B. bacilliformis and B. quintana infect human endothelial cells and human erythrocytes and B. henselae infects erythrocytes of cats. The aim of this study was to investigate through transmission electron microscopy whether B. henselae infects mature human erythrocytes. One red blood cell (RBC) unit received an experimentally standard strain of B. henselae. Blood aliquots were collected from the infected unit immediately after inoculation, at 30 min and 1, 5, 10, and 72 h for ultrastructural evaluation. B. henselae was seen adhering to human erythrocytes 10 h after inoculation and inside the erythrocyte after 72 h. This study demonstrates that B. henselae adheres to and invades mature human erythrocytes. The results favor the possibility that erythrocytes can serve as a primary target in Bartonella spp. infections. From this observation, further studies are warranted to prevent Bartonella spp. transfusional transmission.
Influence of the ZnO buffer on the guided mode structure in Si/ZnO/Ag multilayers (2009)

We present a study of the optical mode structure in metal-dielectric multilayer structures that represent amorphous silicon thin film solar cells with metallic back contact. Knowledge of the modal structure represents a first step toward describing absorption enhancement by the interface texture in solar cells. We present a method for determining experimentally the dispersion relations of multilayer films by coupling polarized light in a spectral reflection measurement to eigenmodes, using a one-dimensional sinusoidal grating. Because the used grating represents only a minor perturbation that establishes the coupling, the experimental data is well explained by the modal structure of a geometry with flat interfaces. On the basis of the measured mode structure, we propose an explanation for the beneficial effect of a low index buffer layer between the silicon absorber and the metallic back reflector.
The Thermal Decomposition of Organic Compounds from the Standpoint of Free Radicals. VII. The Ethylidene Radical (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Thermal Decomposition of Organic Compounds from the Standpoint of Free Radicals. VII. The Ethylidene RadicalF. O. Rice and A. L. GlasebrookCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1934, 56, 3, 741–743Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01318a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01318a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distribution of end-to-end distances of oligopeptides in solution as estimated by energy transfer. (1975)

A homologous series of oligopeptides each containing at its ends a donor and an acceptor of electronic excitation energy was synthesized by the solid-phase method. N-5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-L-glutamine was the repeating unit, and peptides containing 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 of these amino-acid residues were prepared. The chromophores naphthalene and dansyl, which were used as donor and acceptor, respectively, fulfil the conditions necessary for energy transfer according to the Förster mechanism. A distance corresponding to 50% efficiency of energy transfer, tro = 22 plus or minus 1 A, was calculated. The kinetics of fluorescence decay of an oligomer containing the naphthalene chromophore only could be described precisely by a monoexponential function. In contrast, the kinetics of the decay curves of the fluorescence of the donor of all of the oligomers containing both donor and acceptor, as measured in viscous solution, deviated markedly from monoexponential behavior. The deviation was interpreted in terms of the great number of different conformations that the various molecules of each of the oligomers attain in solution, leading to characteristic end-to-end distribution functions between the donor and acceptor. Numerical adjustment of the parameters of some of the previously proposed expressions to describe the end-to-end distribution enabled the reconstruction of the kinetics of the fluorescence decay of the donor with great precision. The end-to-end distribution functions for the various oligopeptides were thus evaluated.
Cam-Phasing Optimization Using Artificial Neural Networks as Surrogate Models-Maximizing Torque Output (2005)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) technology provides high potential in achieving high performance, low fuel consumption and pollutant reduction. However, more degrees of freedom impose a big challenge for engine characterization and calibration. In this study, a simulation based approach and optimization framework is proposed to optimize the setpoints of multiple independent control variables. Since solving an optimization problem typically requires hundreds of function evaluations, a direct use of the high-fidelity simulation tool leads to the unbearably long computational time. Hence, the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are trained with high-fidelity simulation results and used as surrogate models, representing engine's response to different control variable combinations with greatly reduced computational time. To demonstrate the proposed methodology, the cam-phasing strategy at Wide Open Throttle (WOT) is optimized for a dual-independent Variable Valve Timing (VVT) engine. The optimality of the cam-phasing strategy is validated with engine dynamometer tests.</div>
Effect of dietary α‐linolenic acid intake on incorporation of docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids into plasma phospholipids of term infants (1996)

The fractional conversion rates of plasma phospholipid alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) and linoleic acid (18:2n-6) to docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), respectively, and the fractional rates of incorporation of 22:6n-3 and 20:4n-6 into plasma phospholipids were determined in 27 healthy 3-wk-old term infants who had received formulas with approximately 16% of fat as 18:2n-6 and 0.4% (n = 6), 1.0% (n = 11), or 3.2% (n = 10) as 18:3n-3 from birth. The infants were given a single dose of both [U-13C] 18:2n-6 and [U-13C] 18:3n-3 with a feeding, and blood samples were collected 8, 12, and 24 h afterward for determination of the isotopic enrichments of the [M + 18] isotopomers of plasma phospholipid fatty acids by negative chemical ionization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A simple precursor/product compartmental model was used to estimate fractional rates of conversion and incorporation. All infants converted 18:3n-3 to 22:6n-3 and 18:2n-6 to 20:4n-6. Although the fractional rate of conversion of 18:3n-3 to 22:6n-3 did not differ among groups, the fractional rate of incorporation of 22:6n-3 into the plasma phospholipid fraction was greater in infants who received 3.2% vs. 0.4% or 1.0% 18:3n-3 (4.1 +/- 2.2 vs. 1.6 +/- 1.5 or 2.0 +/- 1.0% of the plasma phospholipid 22:6n-3 pool daily). The fractional rate of conversion of 18:2n-6 to 20:4n-6 was less in infants who received the 3.2% 18:3n-3 intake (0.4 +/- 0.3% of the plasma phospholipid 18:2n-6 pool daily vs. 1.1 +/- 0.7% and 0.8 +/- 0.5% in those who received 0.4 and 1.0% 18:3n-3, respectively). The fractional rate of incorporation of 20:4n-6 into plasma phospholipid also was less in the 3.2% vs. the 0.4 and 1.0% 18:3n-3 groups (2.7 +/- 1.4% vs. 5.9 +/- 2.6 and 4.4 +/- 1.7%, respectively, of the plasma phospholipid 20:4n-6 pool daily).
Localization of a Gene Responsible for Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia to Chromosome 3p23 (1998)

A novel locus for ARVD has been mapped to 3p23 and the region narrowed to 9.3 cM. Identification of the gene will allow genetic screening and a specific diagnosis for a disease with protean nonspecific findings. It should also provide insight fundamental to understanding cardiac chamber-specific gene expression and/or the mechanism of myocyte apoptosis observed in this disease.
Ketosis Leads to Increased Methylglyoxal Production on the Atkins Diet (2005)

In the popular and widely used Atkins diet, the body burns fat as its main fuel. This process produces ketosis and hence increased levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOB) acetoacetate (AcAc) and its by-products acetone and acetol. These products are potential precursors of the glycotoxin methylglyoxal. Since methylglyoxal and its byproducts are recognized as a significant cause of blood vessel and tissue damage, we measured methylglyoxal, acetone, and acetol in subjects on the Atkins diet. We found that by 14-28 days, methylghyoxal levels rose 1.67-fold (P = 0.039) and acetol and acetone levels increased 2.7- and 6.12-fold, respectively (P = 0.012 and 0.028). Samples from subjects with ketosis showed even greater increases in methylglyoxal (2.12-fold), as well as acetol and acetone, which increased 4.19- and 7.9-fold, respectively; while no changes were seen in samples from noncompliant, nonketotic subjects. The increase in methylglyoxal implies that potential tissue and vascular damage can occur on the Atkins diet and should be considered when choosing a weight-loss program.
Spectral efficiency of time division duplex fixed wireless cellular system for dynamic traffic (2003)

We analyze the spectral efficiency of a dynamic time division duplex system in a fixed wireless cellular network. Conventionally, spectral efficiency has been analyzed under static and fully-loaded conditions. We investigate how asymmetric and dynamic traffic affects TDD system spectral efficiency. Dynamic TDD (D-TDD) is an efficient duplex scheme for high-speed data communications; it exploits dynamic and asymmetric data traffic. However, cochannel interference can be present, so the benefits of dynamic TDD may not be justifiable, unless a proper countermeasure is employed. To suppress the effects of strong cochannel interference, we employ a time slot allocation (TSA) strategy along with a sector antenna layout (Jeong, W.-C. and Kavehrad, M., IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.50, no.10, p.1627-36, 2002). By employing the TSA strategy, 9 times higher spectral efficiency is obtained in D-TDD systems. We also evaluate the spectral efficiency of a D-TDD system employing adaptive modulation, assuming traffic is delay tolerant. By employing adaptive modulation, 26 times higher spectral efficiency can be obtained. The effect of frame loading condition is also evaluated. When the TSA algorithm is employed in a D-TDD system employing a conventional fixed modulation scheme, statistical multiplexing gain can be obtained for a fairly wide range of frame loading, compared to a static TDD system.
Autonomous reconfigurable flight control system design using control allocation (2008)

A new autonomous reconfigurable control scheme using control allocation is proposed in this paper. The shortcomings of other adaptive reconfigurable control methods, such as neural networks and sliding modes, are analyzed. On the other hand, the merits of control allocation based reconfiguration methods are given out. The dynamic control allocation method and a weighting matrix autonomous adjustment strategy are designed for control reconfiguration in the face of actuator damage faults. The validity of the proposed scheme is illustrated by the F18 HARV aircraft model. Simulation results show that autonomous reconfigurable flight control via control allocation can be carried out in the presence of actuator faults and satisfactory system performance can be obtained. The sequential quadratic programming method is used simultaneously in simulation for the sake of comparisons with the dynamic control allocation approach. Simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the latter for reconfigurable flight control.
Cognitive predictors of perceptual adaptation to accented speech (2015)

The present study investigated the effects of inhibition, vocabulary knowledge, and working memory on perceptual adaptation to accented speech. One hundred young, normal-hearing adults listened to sentences spoken in a constructed, unfamiliar accent presented in speech-shaped background noise. Speech Reception Thresholds (SRTs) corresponding to 50% speech recognition accuracy provided a measurement of adaptation to the accented speech. Stroop, vocabulary knowledge, and working memory tests were performed to measure cognitive ability. Participants adapted to the unfamiliar accent as revealed by a decrease in SRTs over time. Better inhibition (lower Stroop scores) predicted greater and faster adaptation to the unfamiliar accent. Vocabulary knowledge predicted better recognition of the unfamiliar accent, while working memory had a smaller, indirect effect on speech recognition mediated by vocabulary score. Results support a top-down model for successful adaptation to, and recognition of, accented speech; they add to recent theories that allocate a prominent role for executive function to effective speech comprehension in adverse listening conditions.