gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic uterine-cervix cancer vaccines in humans. (1998)

Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types is involved in early stages of uterine=cervix cancer development. The virally encoded E6 and E7 oncoproteins behave as tumor-specific antigens and represent targets for a vaccine designed to control HPV-induced tumors. Using either proteins or peptides based on E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV16 and 18, phase I clinical trials of therapeutic vaccines against HPV-associated cervical cancers have recently been reported. Although the effectiveness of these vaccines cannot be evaluated in such small studies, they constitute an important step toward the development of therapeutic uterine=cervix cancer vaccines. A polytope DNA vaccination approach combined with immunomodulatory cytokines may offer an excellent strategy to reduce the risk of relapse and metastasis following conventional therapies.
Synthesis and Properties of High, Molecular Weight Aliphatic Poly-amido-amine (1969)

一分子中にアミド基とアミノ基を数箇含有する新しい型の高級脂肪族ポリアミドアミンを合成し, その諸性質を明らかにし, 工業的応用の指針を与えた。すなわち,まず常法により,オレイン酸と無水マレイン酸とからマレイン酸付加オレイン酸を合成し,このメチルエステルを分子蒸留してマレイン酸付加オレイン酸のトリメチルエステルを得た。つぎに,これを加水分解して遊離のトリカルボン酸としたのち, カルボキシル基と同数m o l のジエチレントリアミンを反応させ, 各カルボキシル基に対してジエチレンドリアミンが1molずつ反応した構造の塩を作る条件を決定した。また,この塩の加熱変化を明らかにし,単一種のポリアミドアミンおよびその酢酸塩の各種溶媒に対する溶解度,水溶液の表面張力,可溶化性,重合反応,無機化合物との反応性,錯化合物の性質について検討した。
Enhanced secretion of glycocholic acid in a specially adapted cell line is associated with overexpression of apparently novel ATP-binding cassette proteins. (1995)

Secretion of anionic endo- and xenobiotics is essential for the survival of animal and plant cells; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain uncertain. To better understand one such model system--i.e., secretion of bile acids by the liver--we utilized a strategy analogous to that employed to identify the multidrug resistance (mdr) genes. We synthesized the methyl ester of glycocholic acid (GCE), which readily enters cells, where it is hydrolyzed to yield glycocholic acid, a naturally occurring bile acid. The rat hepatoma-derived HTC cell line gradually acquired resistance to GCE concentrations 20-fold higher than those which inhibited growth of naive cells, yet intracellular accumulation of radiolabel in resistant cells exposed to [14C]GCE averaged approximately 25% of that in nonresistant cells. As compared with nonresistant cells, resistant cells also exhibited (i) cross-resistance to colchicine, a known mdr substrate, but not to other noxious substances transported by hepatocytes; (ii) increased abundance on Northern blot of mRNA species up to 7-10 kb recognized by a probe for highly conserved nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) sequences of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins; (iii) increased abundance, as measured by RNase protection assay, of mRNA fragments homologous to a NBD cRNA probe; and (iv) dramatic overexpression, as measured by Western blotting and immunofluorescence, of a group of 150- to 200-kDa plasma membrane proteins recognized by a monoclonal antibody against a region flanking the highly conserved NBD of mdr/P-glycoproteins. Finally, Xenopus laevis oocytes injected with mRNA from resistant cells and incubated with [14C]GCE secreted radiolabel more rapidly than did control oocytes. Enhanced secretion of glycocholic acid in this cell line is associated with overexpression of ABC/mdr-related proteins, some of which are apparently novel and are likely to include a bile acid transport protein.
Element extraction of GaAs dual-gate MESFET small-signal equivalent circuit (1998)

A procedure for the extraction of intrinsic and extrinsic elements of dual-gate MESFET (DGMESFET) small-signal equivalent circuit is described in this paper. All the elements to be used as the initial values for the optimization calculation are extracted from dc and RF measurements with analytical formula. The elements of extrinsic series resistance are determined by considering the distributed channel resistance under the regions of two gates with the use of the "end resistance measurement" method. The elements of extrinsic capacitance and inductance are extracted by three-port Y-matrix and Z-matrix calculation from cold measurements. The intrinsic elements of DGMESFET, which is biased properly to be two decoupled single-gate MESFET's, are directly extracted from hot measurements. The extracted element values are then optimized to fit the resulting equivalent circuit to the measured three-port S-matrix. The developed procedure gives a practical and accurate approach for DGMESFET characterization.
Bubbling-jetting phenomena in powder injection into liquid. (1983)

To know the effect of injecting powder with gas on the bubbling-jetting transition, an experimental study has been made on powder injection into a liquid. The gas powder mixture was injected into a water bath through a nozzle of 0.2cm in I.D. installed at the vessel bottom. The powders used were glass beads of 105-149μm, 177-210μm, and 350-420 μm. The mixture jet behavior was photographed by a high speed cinecamera. The injecting pressure was measured at the entrance to the nozzle.It is found that injecting powder with gas produces a drastic effect on the bubbling-jetting transition. The critical gas flow velocity for the initiation of jetting decreases in powder injection with increasing solid-to-gas mass ratio. This decrease in the critical gas flow velocity is found to become a larger extent for powders of smaller size. These findings could be ascribed to the fact that the velocity of sound of gas solid mixtures decreases with increasing the mass ratio and this decrease in the sonic velocity becomes a larger extent for powders of smaller size.
Growth of epitaxial CoSi2 on (100)Si (1991)

A bilayer CoSi2/TiN has been grown on (100)Si, starting from a (100) p-type Si wafer deposited with thin layers of Ti followed by Co metal, through a two-stage annealing in a nitrogen environment and an intervening etch. In this process, Co and Ti switch places to form CoSi2 covered with TiN on Si. Cross-section transmission electron microscopy, and Rutherford backscattering/channeling spectrometry were used to characterize the bilayer sample. The CoSi2 was found to be single crystal, fully coherent, and epitaxial with (100)Si, whereas the TiN at the top of CoSi2 was polycrystalline. The stress in the CoSi2/TiN layer was found to be 1.9×1010 dynes/cm2. The planar (100) CoSi2/Si interface was interrupted with {111} ledges which are believed to be structural ledges present to maintain the coherency at the interface.
Highly Reliable Flash Memory with Self-Aligned Split-Gate Cell Embedded into High Performance 65nm CMOS for Automotive &amp; Smartcard Applications (2012)

A split-gate (SG) flash memory cell has been embedded in a 65nm ground-rule high performance (HP) CMOS logic process with copper low K interconnects. A gate spacer processing sequence self-aligned (SA) process provides a reliability-robust cell and high degree of modularity with one extra mask to form the SG structure. The proposed cell is optimized for minimum module area overhead, high endurance and can be integrated in a standard stacked gate Technology in a modular way.
Seasonal cycling in the gut microbiome of the Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania (2017)

Although humans have cospeciated with their gut-resident microbes, it is difficult to infer features of our ancestral microbiome. Here, we examine the microbiome profile of 350 stool samples collected longitudinally for more than a year from the Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania. The data reveal annual cyclic reconfiguration of the microbiome, in which some taxa become undetectable only to reappear in a subsequent season. Comparison of the Hadza data set with data collected from 18 populations in 16 countries with varying lifestyles reveals that gut community membership corresponds to modernization: Notably, the taxa within the Hadza that are the most seasonally volatile similarly differentiate industrialized and traditional populations. These data indicate that some dynamic lineages of microbes have decreased in prevalence and abundance in modernized populations.
Germanium and Silicon Linking Strategies for Traceless Solid-Phase Synthesis (1997)

Here we describe the development and application of germanium and silicon linkage strategies for the solid-phase synthesis of aromatic compounds, as demonstrated for 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives. The metal-aryl bond that attaches the benzodiazepine to the polymeric support may be cleaved by electrophilic reagents such as H(+) and Br(2) to provide the corresponding substituted derivatives. A number of compounds have been prepared in good overall yield for the eight- or nine-step process. This approach can also be applied to the solid-phase synthesis of libraries of other classes of aromatic compounds.
SSIM: a software levelized compiled-code simulator (1987)

This paper presents a new logic simulation technique that uses software levelized compiled-code (LCC) for synchronous designs. Three approaches are proposed: C source code, target machine code and interpreted code. The evaluation speed for the software LCC simulator (SSIM) is about 140,000 (gate) evaluations per second using C source code or target machine code, or 50,000 evaluations per second using interpreted code. It is about 40 to 100 times slower than the AIDA hardware LCC simulator, but is about one order of magnitude faster than a traditional software event simulator. For a 32-bit multiplier with gate activity more than 100%, experiments indicate that SSIM runs about 250 to 1,000 times faster than the AIDA event simulator that evaluates about 4,500 gates per second.
Signal transduction in host cells mediated by glycosylphosphatidylinositols of the parasitic protozoa, or why do the parasitic protozoa have so many GPI molecules? (1994)

Considerable circumstantial evidence indicates that glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) molecules of mammalian origin are able to mediate signal transduction in lymphoid cells. For example, perturbation of GPI-anchored surface proteins, but not transmembrane forms of these molecules, can lead to the activation of T lymphocytes. GPIs appear also to be precursors of pharmacologically active phosphoinositol-glycans which mediate responses to hormones such as insulin, nerve growth factor and IL-2. Nonetheless, the biochemical mechanisms of signal transduction by GPIs remain obscure. We have shown that structurally defined GPIs of protozoal parasite origin are able to mediate signal transduction in host macrophages and lymphocytes, by substituting for the putative endogenous GPI-based signalling mechanisms of the host. Signalling by parasite GPIs appears to involve the activation of protein tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C. Evidence from other sources indicates that structurally variant GPIs may provide anergic signals to down-regulate host cell function. These phenomena may represent mechanisms by which eukaryotic parasites regulate host cell function, and can explain a variety of pathological and immunological features of protozoal infections. Furthermore, protozoal GPIs may prove to be an informative model system for the analysis of GPI-mediated signal transduction in lymphocytes and macrophages.
UICC multidisciplinary project on breast cancer: The epidemiology, aetiology and prevention of breast cancer (1986)

This report summarizes the conclusions of the 2nd conference of the Multidisciplinary Project on Breast Cancer of the International Union Against Cancer held in 1985. The incidence of breast cancer is rising all over the world and ranges from 0.2-8%/year. There were an estimated 541,000 cases of breast cancer diagnosed in 1975 and over 800,000/year are expected by the year 2000. The increased risk associated with early age at menarche, late age at menopause, late age at 1st birth, and nulliparity suggests the overwhelming importance of ovarian activity in the etiology of breast cancer. No consistent and coherent pattern of endocrine abnormalities associated with breast cancer has been identified, but there is considerable doubt concerning the validity of the concept that estrogen action on the breast is modulated by variations is progesterone secretion. Dietary factors, especially animal fat or meat consumption, are receiving attention. If diet is important, it has to act in childhood or adolescence. The increased risk of breast cancer in women with benign breast disease appears to be restricted to a small proportion of women whose biopsies show atypical hyperplasia. Evidence from a number of recent studies suggests that oral contraceptives (OCs) do not increase the overall risk of breast cancer, although concern has been expressed about numerous subgroups of OC users: women who continue taking OCs around the time of menopause, those who use OCs to delay their 1st pregnancy, and women exposed to prolonged use before age 25 years. Studies of noncontraceptive hormones suggest increased risk occurs only after 10 years or more of use. The prevention of breast cancer was considered in relation to specific agents used as prophylactics in high risk groups and life-style changes. For example, the antiestrogen tamoxifen could be considered for an interventive trial in high-risk women, although problems of toxicity must be considered. Reduction in obesity, especially in postmenopausal women, and a relatively low fat intake are 2 life-style alterations that seem feasible.
Closed-Form Factorization of Latent Semantics in GANs (2020)

A rich set of interpretable dimensions has been shown to emerge in the latent space of the Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) trained for synthesizing images. In order to identify such latent dimensions for image editing, previous methods typically annotate a collection of synthesized samples and train linear classifiers in the latent space. However, they require a clear definition of the target attribute as well as the corresponding manual annotations, limiting their applications in practice. In this work, we examine the internal representation learned by GANs to reveal the underlying variation factors in an unsupervised manner. In particular, we take a closer look into the generation mechanism of GANs and further propose a closed-form factorization algorithm for latent semantic discovery by directly decomposing the pre-trained weights. With a lightning-fast implementation, our approach is capable of not only finding semantically meaningful dimensions comparably to the state-of-the-art supervised methods, but also resulting in far more versatile concepts across multiple GAN models trained on a wide range of datasets.
KELAYAKAN EKONOMI DAN MANFAAT SOSIAL PROGRAM PERHUTANAN SOSIAL PADA HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI (2006)

Konsep perhutanan sosial (social forestry) seringkali dipahami hanya sebagai obat penawat untuk menangani konflik sosial usaha hutan tanaman, bukan sebagai salah satu sistem usaha produktif yang ekonomis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang apakah program so cial forestry dapat dijadikan sebagai sebuah pilihan sistem usaha dalam pembangunan hutan tanaman industri. Alat analisis utama yang digunakan yaitu studi kelayakan usaha dan tinjauan manfaat sosial terhadap program tersebut. Program social forestry MHBM dan MHR PT. MHP di Sumatera Selatan dijadikan sebagai objek studi kasus. Pelaksanaan program social forestry hutan tanaman industri dengan pola MHBM seperti diterapkan oleh PT. MHP bernilai ekonomis jika suku bunganya berada pada kisaran 14% - 15 ,5 5%, sedangkan untuk program MHR bernilai ekonomis jika suku bunganya berada pada kisaran 14% - 17,89%. Manfaat sosial diterapkannya program so cial forestry yaitu menurunnya kejadian kebakaran di lahan konsesi HTI, semakin berkurangnya intensitas konflik sosial dengan masyarakat, semakin terbukanya kesempatan berusaha bagi masyarakat.
Hierarchical coherent and non-coherent communication (2017)

In this paper, we propose a method for simultaneous communication of coarse and detailed information over three types of layers: two nested layers to be communicated non-coherently using Grassmannian constellations and an additional layer to be communicated coherently using unitary constellations. The layered architecture gives rise to four classes of receivers: coherent and non-coherent receivers, each operating in one of two distinct SNR regions. An operational bottleneck of this architecture is the detection complexity of these layers. To overcome this difficulty, four sequential detectors are developed. These detectors enable somewhat comparable, and in some cases identical, performance to that of their optimal maximum likelihood counterparts with significantly less computational cost.
Recent methods for image-based modeling and rendering (2003)

A long-standing goal in image-based modeling and rendering is to capture a scene from camera images and construct a sufficient model to allow photo-realistic rendering of new views. With the confluence of computer graphics and vision, the combination of research on recovering geometric structure from un-calibrated cameras with modeling and rendering has yielded numerous new methods. Yet, many challenging issues remain to be addressed before a sufficiently general and robust system could be built to (for instance) allow an average user to model their home and garden from camcorder video. This tutorial aims to give researchers and students in computer graphics a working knowledge of relevant theory and techniques covering the steps from real-time vision for tracking and the capture of scene geometry and appearance, to the efficient representation and real-time rendering of image-based models. It also includes hands-on demos of real-time visual tracking, modeling and rendering systems.
The Effects of Dopants on the Chemistry and Tribology of Sputter-Deposited MoS<sub>2</sub>Films (1995)

Abstract The fact. that dopants improve the friction and wear properties of sputtered MoS2 films is well known. However, the role of dopants in the mechanisms governing friction and wear are not well understood. The purpose of this work is to gain a fundamental understanding of their role by co-depositing a number of materials, i.e., Ni, Fe, Au, and. Sb2O3, with MoS2 and evaluating their effects on film chemistry, crystallinity, microstructure, and tribology. Friction and wear measurements were collected, using ball-on-flat and dual-rub shoe tribom-eters. Other physical and chemical properties were obtained using SEM, XPS, XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Crystalline MoS2 was seen in all of the films. In Sb2O3-doped films, an amorphous phase was also observed. The presence of dopants caused film densification and affected crystallite size. They had little effect on the overall crystallite orientation. In addition, dopants caused a reduction in the mean and. variance of the friction coefficient and an increase in wear life. The correlation between dopants, film properties, and tribology is discussed in detail. Presented at the 49th Annual Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania May 1–5, 1994 KEY WORDS: FrictionTribologyAdditive EffectsSurface Films/CoatingsMolybdenum DisulfideWear and Failure Notes Presented at the 49th Annual Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania May 1–5, 1994
中国穿山甲有丝分裂染色体和减数分裂联会复合体（SC）的研究 (1991)

A new karyotype of Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) was studied by C-banding,silver staining and analysis of synaptonemal complexes of spermatocytes.The karyotype reported in this paper is characterized by a diploid chromosome number of 40,with constitutive heterochromatin on centrimeric,distal and interstitial regions of chromosomes.Ag-NORs,with different activities in cells,were found to be located on chromosomes 18 and 19 respectively.Observations on synaptonemal complex show that the pairing between some areas on X chromosome and Y chromosome,forming loops along the X.Y axes,is later than others,which may imply the existence of nonhomologous pairing and synaptic adjustment in the pairing of sex chromosome of Chinese pangolin.Based on the comparative studies of on karyotype of the same species in literature and our observations on chromosomes of Chinese pagolin (M.pentadactyla),the chromosome polymorphism and possibile mechanism of the karyotypic evolution of M.pentadactyla are also discussed.
HOX D13 expression across 79 tumor tissue types (2009)

HOX genes control normal development, primary cellular processes and are characterized by a unique genomic network organization. Locus D HOX genes play an important role in limb generation and mesenchymal condensation. Dysregulated HOXD13 expression has been detected in breast cancer, melanoma, cervical cancer and astrocytomas. We have investigated the epidemiology of HOXD13 expression in human tissues and its potential deregulation in the carcinogenesis of specific tumors. HOXD13 homeoprotein expression has been detected using microarray technology comprising more than 4,000 normal and neoplastic tissue samples including 79 different tumor categories. Validation of HOXD13 expression has been performed, at mRNA level, for selected tumor types. Significant differences are detectable between specific normal tissues and corresponding tumor types with the majority of cancers showing an increase in HOXD13 expression (16.1% normal vs. 57.7% cancers). In contrast, pancreas and stomach tumor subtypes display the opposite trend. Interestingly, detection of the HOXD13 homeoprotein in pancreas-tissue microarrays shows that its negative expression has a significant and adverse effect on the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer independent of the T or N stage at the time of diagnosis. Our study provides, for the first time, an overview of a HOX protein expression in a large series of normal and neoplastic tissue types, identifies pancreatic cancer as one of the most affected by the HOXD13 hoemoprotein and underlines the way homeoproteins can be associated to human cancerogenesis.
Control Methods for Good Dynamic Performance Induction Motor Drives Based on Current and Voltage as Measured Quantities (1983)

A family of schemes for the control of torque and speed of the induction machine is described. It has been developed with the intention of closing the gap between high dynamic performance drives, requiring measurement of the rotor position or the field, and the simpler schemes with poor dynamic performance. Dynamic behavior and a static accuracy have been achieved which promise a broad range of applications. This is due also to the relative simplicity of the equipment and insensitivity to changes in resistance parameters. Implementation with a voltage source inverter and a current source inverter are shown.
T2-weighted MRI in Parkinson's disease; substantia nigra pars compacta hypointensity correlates with the clinical scores. (2004)

The results of our study reflect the increase in iron accumulation and oxidative stress in the SNpc in Parkinson's disease. The decrease in the intensity of SNpc correlates with poor clinical scores.
The linear sampling method and the MUSIC algorithm (2001)

This article gives a short tutorial on the MUSIC algorithm [2, 10] and the linear sampling method of [3], and explains how the latter is an extension of the former. In particular, for the case of scattering from a nite number of weakly scattering targets, the two algorithms are identical.