gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of tropomyosin as major allergen of white squid (Loligo edulis) by two-dimensional immunoblotting and mass spectrometry. (2012)

IgE-mediated allergic reaction to squid is one of the most frequent molluscan shellfish allergies. Previously, we have detected a 36 kDa protein as the major allergen of Loligo edulis (white squid) by immunoblotting using sera from patients with squid allergy. The aim of this present study was to further identify this major allergen using a proteomics approach. The major allergen was identified by a combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), immunoblotting, mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools. The 2-DE gel fractionated the cooked white squid proteins to more than 50 different protein spots between 10 to 38 kDa and isoelectric point (pI) from 3.0 to 10.0. A highly reactive protein spot of a molecular mass of 36 kDa and pI of 4.55 was observed in all of the patients' serum samples tested. Mass spectrometry analysis led to identification of this allergen as tropomyosin. This finding can contribute to advancement in component-based diagnosis, management of squid allergic patients, to the development of immunotherapy and to the standardization of allergenic test products as tools in molecular allergology.
Image Processing-Based Recognition of Wall Defects Using Machine Learning Approaches and Steerable Filters (2018)

Detection of defects including cracks and spalls on wall surface in high-rise buildings is a crucial task of buildings' maintenance. If left undetected and untreated, these defects can significantly affect the structural integrity and the aesthetic aspect of buildings. Timely and cost-effective methods of building condition survey are of practicing need for the building owners and maintenance agencies to replace the time- and labor-consuming approach of manual survey. This study constructs an image processing approach for periodically evaluating the condition of wall structures. Image processing algorithms of steerable filters and projection integrals are employed to extract useful features from digital images. The newly developed model relies on the Support vector machine and least squares support vector machine to generalize the classification boundaries that categorize conditions of wall into five labels: longitudinal crack, transverse crack, diagonal crack, spall damage, and intact wall. A data set consisting of 500 image samples has been collected to train and test the machine learning based classifiers. Experimental results point out that the proposed model that combines the image processing and machine learning algorithms can achieve a good classification performance with a classification accuracy rate = 85.33%. Therefore, the newly developed method can be a promising alternative to assist maintenance agencies in periodic building surveys.
Alkyne Carbonylation by Radicals: Tin‐Radical‐Catalyzed Synthesis of α‐Methylene Amides from 1‐Alkynes, Carbon Monoxide, and Amines (2005)

A convergent synthesis of α-methylene amides exploits a hybrid radical/ionic concept in which radical carbonylation of alkynes is followed by ionic trapping of the resulting carbonyl-containing radical species with amines (see scheme). The reaction of substituted terminal alkynes with pressurized CO, Bu3SnH, and 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile in the presence of a large excess of amines gave good yields of the corresponding α-methylene amides. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z461954_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
"“Journal of Educational Technology” 20 years: Analysis on Research Domains, Research Methods, and Learning Theories " (2005)

이 연구는 한국교육공학회 창립 20주년을 맞이하여 그 동안 우리나라 교육공학의 연구 흐름을 분석해 보기 위해서 수행되었다. 분석 대상 논문은 한국교육공학회의 정기간행물인 『교육공학연구』학술지 1985년부터 2005년 6월까지(1권~21권2호) 게재된 총 408편이었다. 분석 내용은 이들 논문의 연구영역, 연구방법, 그리고 학습이론의 적용을 중심으로 이뤄졌다. 연구영역은 1994년도 AECT에서 정의한 교육공학의 연구영역을 근거로, 연구방법은 교육공학 연구에 주로 활용되는 유형으로, 그리고 학습이론 적용은 행동주의, 인지주의, 구성주의 세 가지 관점으로 분류되었다. 연구논문 분류의 객관성을 확보하기 위해서 연구에 참여한 대학원생들에게 논문 분류 훈련을 시킨 후 일차 분류를 하도록 하였고, 연구자가 그들의 분류 결과를 개별 논문별로 검토한 후에 연구자와 대학원생이 함께 최종적으로 분류를 확인하였다. 여기서 나온 주요한 연구결과는 다음과 같다: 먼저 연구영역에서는 교수설계에 대한 연구 빈도가 높은 것으로 나타나서 교육공학의 중심적 연구영역은 교수설계 분야임을 확인할 수 있었다. 다음으로 연구방법에서는 문헌연구가 전체 연구의 절반에 가까운 비율로 수행되어서 교육공학연구에 차지하는 비중이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 교육공학연구에 게재된 논문 중에 약 19%가 학습이론을 적용하였고, 그 중에서 구성주의 학습이론의 적용이 주류를 이루었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 외국의 교육공학 연구 흐름과의 비교 연구를 비롯하여 앞으로 교육공학연구의 양적 및 질적 수준을 확대하고 높여나가기 위한 연구 방향이 제언되었다.
Muscle protein metabolism in female swimmers after a combination of resistance and endurance exercise (1996)

There is little known about the responses of muscle protein metabolism in women to exercise. Furthermore, the effect of adding resistance training to an endurance training regimen on net protein anabolism has not been established in either men or women. The purpose of this study was to quantify the acute effects of combined swimming and resistance training on protein metabolism in female swimmers by the direct measurement of muscle protein synthesis and whole body protein degradation. Seven collegiate female swimmers were each studied on four separate occasions with a primed constant infusion of ring-[13C6]phenylalanine (Phe) to measure the fractional synthetic rate (FSR) of the posterior deltoid and whole body protein breakdown. Measurements were made over a 5-h period at rest and after each of three randomly ordered workouts: 1) 4,600 m of intense interval swimming (SW); 2) a whole body resistance-training workout with no swimming on that day (RW); and 3) swimming and resistance training combined (SR). Whole body protein breakdown was similar for all treatments (0.75 +/- 0.04, 0.69 +/- 0.03, 0.69 +/- 0.02, and 0.71 +/- 0.04 mumol.min-1.kg-1 for rest, RW, SW, and SR, respectively). The FSR of the posterior deltoid was significantly greater (P < 0.05) after SR (0.082 +/- 0.015%/h) than at rest (0.045 +/- 0.006%/h). There was no significant difference in the FSR after RW (0.048 +/- 0.004%/h) or SW (0.064 +/- 0.008%/h) from rest or from SR. These data indicate that the combination of swimming and resistance exercise stimulates net muscle protein synthesis above resting levels in female swimmers.
Accurate localization of needle entry point in interventional MRI (2000)

In interventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the systems designed to help the surgeon during biopsy must provide accurate knowledge of the positions of the target and also the entry point of the needle on the skin of the patient. In some cases, this needle entry point can be outside the B(0) homogeneity area, where the distortions may be larger than a few millimeters. In that case, major correction for geometric deformation must be performed. Moreover, the use of markers to highlight the needle entry point is inaccurate. The aim of this study was to establish a three-dimensional coordinate correction according to the position of the entry point of the needle. We also describe a 2-degree of freedom electromechanical device that is used to determine the needle entry point on the patient's skin with a laser spot.
C‐peptide: An index of insulin secretion (1986)

Insight into the natural history of beta cell function in IDDM patients obtained by C-peptide measurements is reviewed. It is argued that residual insulin secretion of metabolic importance is present in all IDDM patients during the initial course of the disease. After some months, beta cell function reaches its maximum; thereafter it declines at different rates dependent on the age at onset of diabetes and, possibly, on the presence of ICA and HLA-antigens. As many as 15% of IDDM patients retain life-long beta cell function that persists at approximately 10% of that observed in nondiabetic individuals. The residual endogenous insulin secretion is characterized by reduced capacity, as well as abnormal insulin secretory kinetics; these defects in residual insulin secretion can be modulated by changes in metabolic regulation as well as by immunosuppression during the initial course of the disease.
Endogenous hyaluronan in corneal disease. (1994)

Endogenous hyaluronan production is seen in virtually the entire spectrum of corneal disorders. The presence of HA was most often associated with dividing, migrating, or fibroblast-like cells and probably represents a nonspecific tissue response to wounding. Its production is biochemically distinct from that of normally present proteoglycans. The abnormal presence of HA may reduce corneal transparency by disrupting the normal spacing between collagen fibrils, creating focal changes in the index of refraction, and altering the normal flow of solutes through the cornea.
Mild POMGnT1 Mutations Underlie a Novel Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Variant (2008)

Our findings widen the spectrum of disorders known to result from mutations in POMGnT1 to include limb-girdle muscular dystrophy with no mental retardation. We propose that this condition be known as LGMD2M. The enzyme assay used to diagnose muscle-eye-brain disease may not detect subtle abnormalities of POMGnT1 function, and additional kinetic studies must be carried out in such cases.
Polymer degradation during processing (2006)

This paper deals with the degradation processes occurring during polymer processing. Some general aspects of polymer processing are first recalled. Then, oxidation mechanisms and kinetics are evoked and the main processing methods are compared from this point of view. Temperature–molar mass maps allow to define a processability window and to envisage ways to widen this window. The final chapter is devoted to a case study: the PET processing, which is characterized by an especially complex combination of degradation processes. .
Evaluation of Efflux Activity of Bacteria by a Semi-automated Fluorometric System (2010)

A semi-automated method that uses the common efflux pump (EP) substrate ethidium bromide (EB) is described for the assessment of EP systems of bacteria. The method employs the Rotor-Gene(TM) 3000 thermocycler (Corbett Research) for the real-time assessment of accumulation and efflux of EB in Phosphate-Buffered Solution (PBS) under varying physiological conditions, such as temperature, pH, presence and absence of the energy source, and presence of efflux pumps inhibitors (EPIs). The method is sufficiently sensitive to characterize intrinsic EP systems of reference strains, a prime necessity if there is a need for assessment of EP-mediated multi-drug resistance (MDR). The method has been successfully applied by us to characterize intrinsic and over-expressed EP systems of Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium avium, suggesting that if the organism can be maintained in PBS, the system described may suffice for the evaluation and assessment of its EP system.
Gradual Identity Exposure Using Attribute-Based Encryption (2010)

Many Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) schemes do not protect receivers' privacy, such that all the attributes to describe the eligible receivers are transmitted in plaintexts. Hidden policy-based ABE schemes have been proposed to protect receivers' privacy by using a construction that requires every user in the system to decrypt the ciphertext using all the attributes they possess, which incurs great computation and communication overhead. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a new concept Gradual Identity Exposure (GIE) to protect data receivers' identity. Our approach is to reveal the receivers' information gradually by allowing ciphertext recipients for decrypting the message using their possessed attributes oneby-one (but not all). If the receiver does not possess one attribute in this procedure, the rest of attributes are still hidden. Compared to hidden-policy based solutions, GIE provides significant performance improvement in terms of reducing both computation and communication overhead. We also present a theoretical framework to model the GIE with several new proposed concepts.
Exposure (2014)

A wide range of malicious activities rely on the domain name service (DNS) to manage their large, distributed networks of infected machines. As a consequence, the monitoring and analysis of DNS queries has recently been proposed as one of the most promising techniques to detect and blacklist domains involved in malicious activities (e.g., phishing, spam, botnets command-and-control, etc.). EXPOSURE is a system we designed to detect such domains in real time, by applying 15 unique features grouped in four categories. We conducted a controlled experiment with a large, real-world dataset consisting of billions of DNS requests. The extremely positive results obtained in the tests convinced us to implement our techniques and deploy it as a free, online service. In this article, we present the Exposure system and describe the results and lessons learned from 17 months of its operation. Over this amount of time, the service detected over 100K malicious domains. The statistics about the time of usage, number of queries, and target IP addresses of each domain are also published on a daily basis on the service Web page.
Bin1 Src Homology 3 Domain Acts as a Scaffold for Myofiber Sarcomere Assembly (2009)

In skeletal muscle development, the genes and regulatory factors that govern the specification of myocytes are well described. Despite this knowledge, the mechanisms that regulate the coordinated assembly of myofiber proteins into the functional contractile unit or sarcomere remain undefined. Here we explored the hypothesis that modular domain proteins such as Bin1 coordinate protein interactions to promote sarcomere formation. We demonstrate that Bin1 facilitates sarcomere organization through protein-protein interactions as mediated by the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain. We observed a profound disorder in myofiber size and structural organization in a murine model expressing the Bin1 SH3 region. In addition, satellite cell-derived myogenesis was limited despite the accumulation of skeletal muscle-specific proteins. Our experiments revealed that the Bin1 SH3 domain formed transient protein complexes with both actin and myosin filaments and the pro-myogenic kinase Cdk5. Bin1 also associated with a Cdk5 phosphorylation domain of titin. Collectively, these observations suggest that Bin1 displays protein scaffold-like properties and binds with sarcomeric factors important in directing sarcomere protein assembly and myofiber maturation.
Germanium Nanowires and Core−Shell Nanostructures by Chemical Vapor Deposition of [Ge(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] (2004)

High-yield synthesis of germanium nanowires (NWs) and core−shell structures is achieved by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of dicyclopentadienyl germanium ([Ge(C5H5)2]). The one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures are formed on an iron substrate following a base-growth model in which an Fe−Ge epilayer functions as a catalytic bed. The wire growth is selective and no catalyst particles are observed at the tip of the NWs, which is contrary to the characteristic feature of a 1D growth based on the vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) mechanism. The diameter and length of the NWs were in the ranges 15−20 nm and 25−40 μm, respectively, as found by high-resolution electron microscopy. Both axial and radial dimensions of the NWs can be controlled by adjusting the precursor feedstock, deposition temperature, and size of alloy nuclei in the Fe−Ge epilayer. High precursor flux produced coaxial heterostructures where single-crystalline Ge cores are covered with an overlayer of nanocrystalline Ge. Single-crystal Ge nanowires exhibit a preferred growth direction [112̄] confirmed by X-ray and electron diffraction patterns. When compared to bulk Ge, the micro-Raman spectra of Ge NWs show a low field shift, probably due to the dimensional confinement. Patterned growth of Ge NWs was achieved by shadow-masking the Fe substrate with a carbon film, which prevents the formation of Fe−Ge nuclei, thereby inhibiting the nanowire growth.
A Design Method for Sampled-Data Decoupled Control Systems with Multirate Sampling Periods (1984)

This paper describes a new design method applicable to multi-input/multi-output sampled-data decoupled PID and I-PD control systems, and its simulation test results. A special feature of this design method is that the sampling period can be selected independently for every control loop.The systematic design method makes it possible to decide the control parameters for every control loop and to eliminate the interactions between control loops simultaneously after selecting a sampling period for every control loop. This method is a model matching scheme especially based on process low frequency characteristics, which can be identified with relative accuracy.Rise-times for an individual subprocess involved in a multi-input/multi-output process are generally different from one another. In most conventional multi-input/multi-output design methods, it is common to chose the same sampling period in all control loops. In such a case, the control computer is forced to work rapidly, since all control loops must be controlled with the sampling period suitable to the shortest rise-time subprocess.In the new design method proposed here, it becomes possible to reduce the large amount of data processing while satisfying the design requirements, because the sampling period can be selected considering its rise-time for every subprocess.
Assembly–Disassembly–Organization–Reassembly Synthesis of Zeolites Based on <i>cfi</i>-Type Layers (2017)

The hydrothermal synthesis of a zeolite with properties suitable for use in the assembly–disassembly–organization–reassembly (ADOR) process was designed, and a zeolite called SAZ-1 was successfully prepared. This zeolite was then used as a parent in the ADOR process, and two new daughter zeolites, IPC-15 and IPC-16, were prepared. The X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the new zeolites match well with those predicted using computational methods. The three materials form an isoreticular series with decreasing pores size from 14-ring to 12-ring to 10-ring.
Synthesis and Characterization of Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Carbon/Titania Nanoparticle Composites (2005)

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) carbon/titania nanoparticle composites were prepared in a program aimed at developing methods for assembling integrated multifunctional porous materials. The host material, 3DOM carbon, was synthesized by colloidal crystal templating with poly(methyl methacrylate) spheres, using a resorcinol−formaldehyde sol as a carbon source. This 3DOM support was pretreated with nitric acid to enhance the surface charge, and surface functional groups were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and acid−base titration. The modified support was then precoated with multiple layers of polyelectrolytes and finally coated with TiO2 nanoparticles using the hydrothermal reaction of an aqueous solution of titanium(IV) bis(ammonium lactato) dihydroxide (TAL) at varying concentrations, temperatures, and reaction times. Higher hydrothermal reaction temperatures favored the formation of larger TiO2 crystallites. The coating thickness increased at higher titanium precursor concentrations. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the phase composition of the TiO2 layer varied with different synthesis conditions. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the most uniform coating of TiO2 was obtained at a reaction temperature of 200 °C with a TAL concentration of 0.2 M. This sample was characterized in more detail, using transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and nitrogen-sorption techniques.
Description and Computer Modeling of a Ball-and-Socket Hub That Enables Teetering for Three-Bladed Wind Turbines (2015)

A horizontal axis wind turbine with a ball-and-socket hub is disclosed. The hub enables horizontal axis turbines with two or more blades to teeter in response to wind shear gradients. Computer modeling was done using existing and modified fast code in order to compare the new hub design with existing designs. Results show that a three-bladed turbine with the ball-and-socket hub provides very significant reductions in out-of-plane bending loads applied to the main shaft in comparison to a three-bladed turbine with a rigid hub. Results also show that the new hub design provides significant reductions in the out-of-plane loads applied to the blades. A blade fatigue study using a rainflow counting of multi-axial torque contributions at the blade root was performed in order to assess the impact of these reductions, and results show that the three-bladed turbine equipped with a ball-and-socket, teetering hub provides for very significant reductions in lifetime blade damage in comparison to existing wind turbine designs due to a combination of factors. The first factor is that teetering largely eliminates the cyclic variations in out-of-plane torque on the blades that are observed with rigid hubs. Here, the fatigue study shows that the three-bladed wind turbine with a teetering hub provides for an approximate sixfold reduction in lifetime blade damage in comparison to a three-bladed turbine with a rigid hub. The second factor is that the addition of a third blade reduces the load on each blade by one-third. Here, the fatigue study shows that a three-bladed turbine with a teetering hub provides for an approximate fourfold reduction in lifetime blade damage in comparison to a two-bladed turbine with a teetering hub.
Spasticity and Its Association with Functioning and Health-Related Quality of Life 18 Months after Stroke (2006)

Few patients displayed spasticity 18 months after stroke. Spasticity might contribute to impairment of movement function and to limitation of activity, but seems to have a less pronounced effect on HRQL.
Measuring the perceptual quality of Skype sources (2012)

The success of Skype has inspired a generation of peer-to-peer-based solutions for real-time multimedia services over the Internet. However, there lacks still a robust metric quantifying the perceptual quality of a Skype call. The widely-used PESQ (Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality) falls short of modeling super-wideband calls, which are characteristics of SILK Skype's codec made public in 2011. Towards a robust QoE (Quality of Experience) metric for VoIP call analysis, we propose a model, referred to as WF-Regression model, to capture the call rate and perceptual quality relationship. The model is shown through a user study that it is robust, R-square = 0.9990 and outperform PESQ modeling the quality of Skype calls, error ratio = 3.68% vs. 14.59%.
Synchronous and sequential activation of latently infected Epstein-Barr virus genomes (1989)

A lymphoid cell system was established that can induce the prompt and synchronous activation of latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes and thus allows the identification of viral genes that are activated sequentially depending on their functions. With this system, we proved that disruption of EBV latency is initiated by activation of four EBV genes and that protein synthesis is not required prior to activation of latent EBV. The system should be an in vitro model for studying the mechanism of herpesvirus latency.