gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Model of Bubble Path Instability (2006)

Millimeter-sized air bubbles rising through still water are known to exhibit zigzag and spiral oscillatory trajectories. We present a system of four ordinary differential equations which effectively model these dynamics. The model is based on Kirchhoff's equations and several physical arguments derived from our experimental observations. In the framework of this model, the zigzag and the spiral motions result from the same underlying bifurcation to wake instability.
Design of automotive gateway based on FlexRay (2011)

In view of the FlexRay bus and the other bus can not share the problem, The paper designed a automotive gateway which based on FlexRay by research, analysis of a automotive bus. The gateway hardware based on a single chip includes bus interfaces, such as LIN, CAN, FlexRay, etc. Software's design designed for static network routing table based on the vehicle bus, use the XGATE co-processor chip to increase system processing speed, gives the FlexRay to CAN bus data Converting implementation. Finally, it verify that the gateway to converting data is accurate, has better real-time that using experimental platform.
Efficient Deployment Algorithms for Ensuring Coverage and Connectivity ofWireless Sensor Networks (2006)

Sensor deployment is a critical issue since it reflects the cost and detection capability of a wireless sensor network. Although lots of work has addressed this issue, most of them assume that the sensing field is an open space and there is a special relationship between the communication range and sensing range of sensors. In this work, we consider the sensing field as an arbitrary-shaped region possibly with obstacles. Besides, we allow an arbitrary relationship between the communication range and sensing range, thus eliminating the constraints of existing results. Our approach is to partition the sensing field into smaller sub-regions based on the shape of the field, and then to deploy sensors in these sub-regions. Simulation results show that our method requires fewer sensors compared to existing results.
Technique for Measuring Burning Rates of Solid Propellants (1964)

A technique for measuring the burning rate of solid propellants inside rocket motors is described. The technique consists of embedding wires in a specimen of solid propellant and then casting or bonding the specimen to the propellant in the rocket motor. The wires employed were made of 0.0045-in.-diam lead-antimony which has a low melting point, a low thermal diffusivity, and a moderate electrical resistance. The technique involves measuring the time interval between successive interruptions of the wires caused by the burning surface of the propellant. The distance between these wires is determined from an x-ray picture of the specimen prior to placing it in the rocket motor and prior to burning. Thus, with both the distance burned and the burning time known, the burning rate can be determined. When this technique is properly employed, it does not influence the burning rate, nor does it affect the flow field. Furthermore, it can be employed to study the influence on the burning rate of the port shape of a propellant grain inside a rocket motor, since the small specimen of solid propellant containing the resistance-wire network can be cast into the grain of a solid rocket at any position in the port. This will permit measuring burning rates at selected locations and times in the rocket motor.
Performance of mentally retarded and nonretarded persons on a lifted-weight task with strategies reduced or eliminated. (1981)

To test the hypothesis that a strategy deficit entirely accounts for retarded persons' inferior short-term memory performance, we attempted to eliminate strategies by selecting a task in which strategies would be difficult to use (memory for the position of a lifted weight) and by having subjects report the use of any strategy. In Experiment 1, discriminability among lifted weights was roughly equated for retarded and nonretarded subjects. Experiment 2 showed that for subjects not reporting use of a strategy, nonretarded subjects performed better than did retarded subjects. Use of a strategy improved the performance of nonretarded and retarded subjects by the same amount. In Experiment 3, a task was devised that made it nearly impossible to use the strategies that had been reported in Experiment 2. This increased the reported use of strategies in both groups, though strategies did not significantly improve performance. Thus, the report of strategies used in Experiments 2 and 3 was negatively related to their effectiveness. Findings of Experiment 2 and 3 suggest that a strategy deficit is not sufficient to account for the memory deficit displayed by retarded subjects.
Strongly Ergodic Sequences of Integers and the Individual Ergodic Theorem (1982)

Let $S = \{ {k_1},{k_2}, \ldots \}$ be an increasing sequence of positive integers. We call $S$ strongly ergodic if for every measure preserving transformation $T$ on a probability space $(\Omega ,\mathcal {F},P)$ and every $f \in {L_1}(\Omega )$ we have ${\lim _{n \to \infty }}(1/n)\sum \nolimits _{j = 1}^n {f({T^{kj}}\omega ) = Pf(\omega )}$ a.e. where $Pf$ is the appropriate limit guaranteed by the individual ergodic theorem. We give sufficient conditions for a sequence $S$ to be strongly ergodic and provide examples.
Polyacrylamide and Water Quality Effects on Infiltration in Sandy Loam Soils (2006)

Slow infiltration rates constrain effective and economical irrigation in some sandy loam soils in California. Polyacrylamide (PAM) has increased soil infiltration in some areas, especially in soils high in clay or silt. Field trials near Fresno, CA, with PAM failed to show improved infiltration. Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate PAM effect on infiltration of various quality waters in sandy loam soils. Two formulations of a high molecular weight PAM, a liquid emulsion and a granular, were evaluated on a Hanford sandy loam soil (coarse‐loamy, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Typic Xerorthents) in packed soil column experiments. Applying PAM continuously in the infiltration water always decreased infiltration for all PAM concentrations tested (5–20 mg PAM L −1 ). Final infiltration rates of 5 mg PAM L −1 relative to infiltration rate of deionized water were 65% for emulsion PAM and 36% for granular PAM and these ratios decreased with increasing PAM concentration. Reduction of infiltration rates when PAM was applied with water containing Ca (applied as gypsum) was less than with PAM solution containing Na. Permeability tests of PAM solutions through uniform sands showed a decrease of permeability with increased concentrations, due to an apparent increase in effective viscosity of the solution. The decrease in infiltration rates in this study was likely due to this increase in viscosity when PAM is added to water. This research concluded that PAM applied in irrigation water will reduce infiltration unless the material improves surface soil aggregate structure and sustains pores sufficient to mask the effect of solution viscosity.
Enhanced Activity of Immobilized or Chemically Modified Enzymes (2015)

Re-engineering enzymes with high activities in the given environments different from the physiological one has been constantly pursued for application of enzymatic catalysis in industrial biocatalytic processes, pharmaceutical industry, biosensing, etc. Re-engineering enzyme catalysts by chemical approaches, including immobilization and chemical modification, represents a simple but effective route. The unusual phenomenon that immobilized or chemically modified enzymes display higher activities than native enzymes has been observed in both single- and multiple-enzyme systems. Recent achievements in enhancing enzymatic activities in both single-and multiple-enzyme systems by chemical approaches are summarized in this review. We propose that these enhanced enzymatic activities can be attributed to the well-designed specific interactions between immobilization carriers (or chemical modifiers) and enzymes, substrates, or reaction media. In addition to this mechanism, which is applicable for both single- and multiple-enzyme systems, other important factors responsible for enhanced activities of multiple-enzyme systems, including substrate channeling, kinetic matching, and an ordered spatial distribution of enzymes, are also discussed. Understanding the origin of enhanced activity in enzymatic catalysis may provide new insights and inspiration to design efficient enzyme catalysts for practical applications.
Serum Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Men and Women Consuming Oat Bran and Amaranth Products (2000)

ABSTRACT One hundred‐eighty hypercholesterolemic subjects following the National Cholesterol Education Program Step One Diet were randomly divided into six groups (30 ± 2/group). Group 1 served as the control and received no fiber supplements. The fiber supplemented groups received 50 g/day of oat bran or amaranth from various sources: Group 2 (oat bran muffins); Group 3 (amaranth muffins); Group 4 (Oat Bran O's); Group 5 (Oat Bran Flakes); and Group 6 (a variety of oat bran products). Fasting serum total cholesterol (FSTC), low density‐, very low density‐, and high density‐lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C, VLDL‐C, and HDL‐C) and serum triacylglycerols were measured before and after the 28‐day intervention. Three‐day diet records were completed before and after intervention. Subjects reduced ( P < 0.05) the mean intake of total and saturated fat, and cholesterol. FSTC dropped more than twice as much ( P < 0.05) as was observed with fat modification alone (Group 1 = ‐0.31 mmol/L), when oat bran was provided as flakes (Group 5 = ‐0.86 mmol/L) or in a variety of forms (Group 6 = ‐0.75 mmol/L). If the initial ratio of HDL‐C to FSTC was low, then supplementation did not decrease FSTC to the extent observed when the initial ratio was high. Compliance with the dietary interventions was best when the subjects gave the product a rating of ≤2.0 (on a 1–4 hedonic scale, with 1 being excellent). We can conclude from these data that fiber supplementation to reduce serum cholesterol is most effective in hypercholesterolemic individuals that have a greater proportion of HDL‐C. In addition, not all the oat bran products evaluated were able to lower cholesterol to the same extent, indicating that the ability of soluble fiber to reduce FSTC can be compromised by other dietary factors such as insoluble fiber.
Encapsulation in object-oriented programs (1996)

In stead of decomposing data and procedures, object-oriented (OO) programming encapsulates the both through an object. An object is instantiated from a class which defines attributes (related data) and methods (operational procedures). The definition of a class may be recursive since the class can encapsulate the instance(s) of another classes as its attributes. An object containing other objects is called a complex object. The form of a most primitive object, an object containing no other object, is nothing but a data entity and is called a simple object. Encapsulation solidates an object by hiding the details; it may also obstruct dependency analysis for complex objects by information hiding.
A Small GTP-binding Protein, Rho, Associates with the Platelet-derived Growth Factor Type-β Receptor upon Ligand Binding (1995)

Ligand binding to the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor initiates a complex and diverging cascade of signaling pathways. GTP-binding proteins with intrinsic GTPase activity (G-proteins) frequently link cell surface receptors to intracellular signaling pathways, but no close associations of the PDGF receptor and any small G-proteins, nor any such associations activated by ligand binding to the receptor have been previously reported. We demonstrate that a small GTP-binding protein binds specifically to the murine and human PDGF type-beta receptor. In response to PDGF-BB stimulation, there is an increase in the amount of labeled small G-protein associated with the PDGF type-beta receptor. The GTP-binding protein did not undergo ligand-induced association with a mutant receptor protein that was unable to bind ATP. Proteolytic cleavage analysis, together with two-dimensional separation techniques, identified the small G-protein specifically associating with the PDGF type-beta receptor after ligand binding as a member of the Rho family. This was confirmed by demonstration that the small G-protein coimmunoprecipitated by the anti-PDGF receptor antibody was a substrate for the ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 exoenzyme. Thus, the PDGF type-beta receptor may form a complex with one or more small G-proteins upon binding PDGF-BB, and the Rho small G-protein is likely to be an important component of the proteins making up the multimeric signaling complex of the PDGF type-beta receptor.
Catalytic Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds to Nitroalkenes (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCatalytic Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds to NitroalkenesJianguo Ji, David M. Barnes, Ji Zhang, Steven A. King, Steven J. Wittenberger, and Howard E. MortonView Author Information Process Chemistry Research, Pharmaceutical Products Division Abbott Laboratories, Bldg. R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road North Chicago, Illinois 60064 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 43, 10215–10216Publication Date (Web):October 13, 1999Publication History Received6 July 1999Published online13 October 1999Published inissue 1 November 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja992314whttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja992314wrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2701Altmetric-Citations141LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Conjugate acid-base pairs,Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Selectivity Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Synthetic Psoralen Derivatives and 8‐MOP in the Inhibition of Lymphocyte Proliferation<sup>a</sup> (1985)

Psoralens are a family of furocoumarins that naturally occur in nature in small amounts in a variety of common vegetables, including figs and limes, and in larger quantities in plants originally identified in the Nile valley and in India.' These molecules have the remarkable quality of being activated by ultraviolet A (UVA) from a biologically inert form to one capable of forming covalent bonds with the pyrimidine bases of DNA.
Selective biosorption of lanthanide (La, Eu, Yb) ions by an immobilized bacterial biomass (2000)

The removal of metallic ions La3+, Eu3+ and Yb3+ from aqueous solution by immobilized biomass of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated in batch and column reactors. Batch studies consisted in kinetic measurements for lanthanum adsorption by biomass-chitosan beads. Results did not show a significant effect of the presence of bacteria into chitosan matrix on the lanthanum uptake. Then, laboratory-scale fixed-bed column experiments were carried out using biomass-entrapped polyacrylamide gel beads, which contained approximately 48% (dry weight basis) of biomass. The lanthanum sorption was dependent on the superficial liquid velocity based on empty column in the range 0.76–2.29 m.h-1. The removal of lanthanide cations (2 mM) at pH 5.0 and 0.76 m/h was 198 μmol.g-1 (dry biomass) for lanthanum, 167 μmol.g-1 for europium and 192 μmol.g-1 for ytterbium (±10%). These results are of the order of 1.7–2 times lower than those observed in batch systems with free bacterial cells. Column experiments with mixed-cationsolutions showed the following sequence of preferential biosorption: Eu3+ &gt;Yb3+ &gt;La3+.
Detecting Rare Variant Associations by Identity-by-Descent Mapping in Case-Control Studies (2012)

Identity-by-descent (IBD) mapping tests whether cases share more segments of IBD around a putative causal variant than do controls. These segments of IBD can be accurately detected from genome-wide SNP data. We investigate the power of IBD mapping relative to that of SNP association testing for genome-wide case-control SNP data. Our focus is particularly on rare variants, as these tend to be more recent and hence more likely to have recent shared ancestry. We simulate data from both large and small populations and find that the relative performance of IBD mapping and SNP association testing depends on population demographic history and the strength of selection against causal variants. We also present an IBD mapping analysis of a type 1 diabetes data set. In those data we find that we can detect association only with the HLA region using IBD mapping. Overall, our results suggest that IBD mapping may have higher power than association analysis of SNP data when multiple rare causal variants are clustered within a gene. However, for outbred populations, very large sample sizes may be required for genome-wide significance unless the causal variants have strong effects.
Isolation and characterization of Streptococcus cremoris Wg2-specific promoters (1987)

By cloning MboI fragments in the promoter selection vector pGKV210, which replicates in Streptococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli and carries a promoterless chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene, we obtained a number of fragments endowed with promoter activity, partly by direct selection for chloramphenicol resistance in S. lactis IL1403 and partly by selection in B. subtilis. Five fragments were sequenced, and the promoters were mapped with S1 nuclease. The promoters agreed with the E. coli promoter consensus and the B. subtilis vegetative sigma 43 promoter consensus. The promoters were preceded by an A + T-rich region (ranging from 64 to 78% A + T). S1 nuclease mapping data showed that the transcriptional start point in three of the fragments was at a TAG sequence 5 to 9 nucleotides downstream from the promoter. Three fragments carried an open reading frame preceded by a ribosome-binding site which can be recognized by E. coli, B. subtilis, and S. lactis ribosomes.
ROLE OF CpG ODN IN CONCANAVALIN A-INDUCED HEPATITIS IN MICE (2005)

The results indicate that CpG ODNs aggravate Con A-induced hepatitis by stimulating the production of T-helper-1 (Th1) cytokines, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, suggesting that bacterial DNA that contains unmethylated CpG motifs may contribute to the exacerbation of immune-mediated liver injury.
Dual role of <scp>USP</scp> 30 in controlling basal pexophagy and mitophagy (2018)

USP30 is an integral protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane that counteracts PINK1 and Parkin-dependent mitophagy following acute mitochondrial depolarisation. Here, we use two distinct mitophagy reporter systems to reveal tonic suppression by USP30, of a PINK1-dependent component of basal mitophagy in cells lacking detectable Parkin. We propose that USP30 acts upstream of PINK1 through modulation of PINK1-substrate availability and thereby determines the potential for mitophagy initiation. We further show that a fraction of endogenous USP30 is independently targeted to peroxisomes where it regulates basal pexophagy in a PINK1- and Parkin-independent manner. Thus, we reveal a critical role of USP30 in the clearance of the two major sources of ROS in mammalian cells and in the regulation of both a PINK1-dependent and a PINK1-independent selective autophagy pathway.
Radon transforms on generalized Cormack’s curves and a new Compton scatter tomography modality (2011)

International audience
Dynamics of resonant optical waveguide semiconductor laser arrays (1993)

A propagation model is presented for the dynamics of antiguided semiconductor laser arrays. The model takes into account diffraction, carrier diffusion, spatial hole burning, and carrier-induced antiguiding. Numerical results reveal a variety of spatiotemporal behaviors ranging from stable, quiescent operation to periodic and erratic intensity oscillations.
Size-Dependent Asymmetric Auger Interactions in Plasma-Produced n- and p-Type-Doped Silicon Nanocrystals (2019)

Nonradiative Auger recombination (AR) tends to dominate carrier dynamics in charged, quantum-confined structures. Consequently, it complicates the practical realization of many semiconductor nanocrystal (NC)-based devices such as light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, and single-photon emitters, in which charged exciton states often occur. To this end, extensive experimental studies on direct band gap NCs have investigated the trion components (both positive and negative) that construct the total AR rate. However, such an analysis has remained elusive for indirect band gap Si NCs. In this study, we investigate AR decay of non-thermal plasma-produced n- and p-type-doped Si NCs. We expand the study over a large NC size range (DNC ≈ 3–8 nm), in which n- and p-type doping is achieved by either a substitutional or surface doping effect, respectively. First, we monitor the AR of charge-neutral multiexcitons by measuring the biexciton lifetime (τXX) as a function of the NC size and doping configuration. We show that this method can be used to determine the presence of free carriers for any doped NC system, regardless of the presence/absence of defect channels in the carrier dynamics. Second, we develop a photophysical fitting model to determine the Auger lifetime of the simplest charged states in Si NCs: the negative (τX–) and positive (τX+) trions. Trion lifetimes shorten with increasing quantum confinement, as expected from (1) closer spatial proximity of the interacting charges and (2) increased relaxation of the momentum conservation rule. While both τX– and τX+ are in the nanosecond time regime (and both therefore completely dominate the carrier dynamics), AR with excess holes is faster. This asymmetry is explained by a higher density of valence band states in comparison to the conduction band states, due to effective mass differences between electrons and holes.
Third‐harmonic generation imaging of breast tissue biopsies (2016)

We demonstrate for the first time the imaging of unstained breast tissue biopsies using third-harmonic generation (THG) microscopy. As a label-free imaging technique, THG microscopy is compared to phase contrast and polarized light microscopy which are standard imaging methods for breast tissues. A simple feature detection algorithm is applied to detect tumour-associated lymphocyte rich regions in unstained breast biopsy tissue and compared with corresponding regions identified by a pathologist from bright-field images of hematoxylin and eosin stained breast tissue. Our results suggest that THG imaging holds potential as a complementary technique for analysing breast tissue biopsies.
Temporary Balloon Protection As an Adjunct to Endosaccular Coiling of Wide-necked Cerebral Aneurysms: Technical Note (1997)

Endovascular treatment of wide-necked cerebral aneurysms can be facilitated by simultaneous temporary balloon protection.