gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Farnesol and geranylgeraniol: Prevention and reversion of lovastatin‐induced effects in NIH3T3 cells (2002)

Mevalonic acid-derived intermediates in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway have been recognized as being critical to the isoprenylation of a variety of growth-regulating proteins, including those of the RAS superfamily. Treatment of cells with lovastatin, a hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, depletes cells of mevalonic acid and thus blocks the isoprenylation of proteins in the RAS superfamily. In NIH3T3 cells pretreated with lovastatin, subsequent addition of farnesol (FOH), but not geranylgeraniol (GGOH), reverses lovastatin's block of RAS isoprenylation. Neither FOH nor GGOH prevents lovastatin-induced inhibition of RAS isoprenylation when added to cells concurrently with lovastatin. In intact cells, 167 microM FOH and 125 microM GGOH decrease incorporation of [14C]acetate into cholesterol by approximately 50 and 75%, respectively. Results suggest that the radio-label from either [3H]FOH or [3H]GGOH is incorporated into cholesterol. Co-treatment of cells with lovastatin or mevalonic acid did not significantly alter [3H]FOH or [3H]GGOH incorporation into cholesterol. Lovastatin induces cell rounding; GGOH, but not FOH, both prevents and reverses lovastatin-induced cell rounding. These results provide additional evidence for the existence of a novel "isoprenoid shunt" that differentially utilizes FOH and GGOH as metabolic precursors for isoprenoids that have been depleted by lovastatin treatment.
Investigation of an optical converter based on controlled coupling between coaxial waveguides (1984)

Stimulated emission of the 535 nm thallium line as a result of quasiresonant optical pumping of a Tl–He mixture by radiation from a recombination He–Ca laser, S N Atamas', L M Bukshpun, Yu V Koptev, Evgeny L Latush, M F Sém
Heat Resistant Rigid Foams by Trimerization of Isocyanate Terminated Prepolymers (1965)

Relative activities of a number of catalysts for isocyanate trimerization have been meas ured in order to select several having activi ties suitable for the preparation of rigid iso cyanurate foams. The effects of ring substitu ents on the rates of trimerization of phenyl isocyanate have been studied and attributed to a combination of steric and electronic fac tors. A series of rigid isocyanurate foams have been prepared by trimerization and simultaneous blowing of NCO terminated prepolymers. These foams retain dimensional stability and considerable strength up to 450°F., but degrade at about 480°F. Reac tions contributing to the degradation of these foams have been characterized by differ ential thermal analysis.
Hydrophobically Modified Halloysite Nanotubes as Reverse Micelles for Water-in-Oil Emulsion (2015)

An easy strategy to obtain inorganic reverse micelles based on halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and alkyltrimethylammonium bromides has been developed. The selective modification of the HNTs external surface with cationic surfactants endows to generate tubular nanostructures with a hydrophobic shell and a hydrophilic cavity. The influence of the surfactants alkyl chain on the HNTs functionalization degree has been investigated. The dynamic behavior of the surfactant/HNT hybrids in solvents with variable polarity has been correlated to their affinity toward hydrophobic media explored through partition experiments. The water-in-oil emulsion is able to solubilize copper sulfate, proving the incorporation and the loading of hydrophilic compounds into the HNTs lumen. Here we have fabricated ecocompatible reverse micelles with tunable hydrophobic/hydrophilic interface that might be suitable for industrial and biological applications as well as for selective organic synthesis.
Learning DCOM (1999)

From the Publisher:
DCOM -- the Distributed Component Object Model -- is a recent upgrade of a time-honored and well-tested technology promoted by Microsoft for distributed object programming. Now that components are playing a larger and larger part in Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0, and Windows 2000, every Windows programmer will want to understand the technology. DCOM competes with CORBA as a rich and robust method for creating expandable and flexible components, allowing you to plug in new parts conveniently and upgrade without the need for code changes to every program that uses your component. 
This book introduces C++ programmers to DCOM and gives them the basic tools they need to write secure, maintainable programs. While using Visual C++ development tools and wizards where appropriate, the author never leaves the results up to magic. The C++ code used to create distributed components and the communications exchanged between systems and objects are described at a level where the reader understands their significance and can use the insights for such tasks as debugging and improving performance. 
The first few chapters explain both the remote procedure calls that underlie DCOM's communication and the way DCOM uses C++ classes. Readers become firmly grounded in the relation between components, classes, and objects, the ways objects are created and destroyed, how clients find servers, and the basics of security and threading. 
After giving you a grounding in how DCOM works, this book introduces you to the Microsoft tools that make it all easy. By showing what really happens each time you choose a button in a wizard, Learning DCOM makes it possible for you to choose what you need. 
This book is for anyone who wants to understand DCOM. While thoroughly practical in its goals, it doesn't stint on the background you need to make your programs safe, efficient, and easy to maintain. 
Topics include:
MIDL (Microsoft Interface Definition Language, the language for defining COM interfaces) COM error and exception handling Custom, dispatch, and dual interfaces Standard and custom factories Management of in-process versus out-of-process servers Distributed memory management Pragmatic explanation of the DCOM wire protocol Standard, custom, handler, and automation marshaling Multithreading and apartments Security at the system configuration and programming level Active Template Library (ATL), ATL wizards -- and what they don't do Writing a component that can be invoked from Visual Basic Techniques for using distributed components Creating an ActiveX control and embedding it in a Web client Authentication and the use of Windows NT security features Techniques for merging marshaling code Connection and distributed events management An introduction to COM+ features
Face detection by generating and selecting features based on Kullback‐Leibler divergence (2007)

Abstract Face detection from images is a complex and nonlinear problem due to the various kinds of face images. This problem is solved by conversion of the original feature vectors extracted from images into high‐dimension feature vectors using nonlinear mapping, and then finding face/nonface discriminant functions in the mapping space. If such discriminant functions are based on the inner products of high‐dimension vectors, such inner products can be easily obtained by substitute calculations of kernel functions in the original feature space. However, in conventional recognition algorithms using kernel functions, numerous features are required to improve recognition accuracy. This paper proposes a new face detection method that uses generation and selection of features on the basis of Kullback‐Leibler divergence (KLD). KLD refers to a distance between the distributions of face and nonface data for certain features. Features with large KLD are used for face detection. Moreover, by evaluating the features based on their KLDs, we can generate new features, and deal with different kinds of features concurrently. In experiments, a classifier designed by the proposed method achieved high recognition performance, while using few features. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 90(10): 29– 39, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20347
STRATUM: A BigData-as-a-Service for Lifecycle Management of IoT Analytics Applications (2019)

Smart Internet of Things (IoT) applications require real-time and robust predictive analytics, which are based on Machine Learning (ML) models. Building ML models from Big Data is not only time-consuming, but developers often lack the needed expertise for feature engineering, parameter tuning, and model selection. The proliferation of ML libraries and frameworks, data ingestion tools, stream and batch processing engines, visualization techniques, and the range of available hardware platforms further exacerbates the system design, rapid development, and deployment problems. Finally, resource constraints of IoT require that the execution of the analytics engine be distributed across the cloud-edge spectrum. To overcome these daunting challenges, we present Stratum, which is an event-driven Big Data-as-a-Service offering for IoT analytics lifecycle management. Stratum provides users with an intuitive, declarative mechanism based on the principles of model-driven engineering to specify the application and infrastructure requirements. It automates the deployment via generative programming principles. This paper highlights the problems that Stratum resolves, demonstrating its capabilities using real-world case studies.
Bioengineered Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as Cell-Specific Drug-Delivery Vehicles for Cancer Therapy (2014)

Advances in genetic engineering tools have contributed to the development of strategies for utilizing biologically derived vesicles as nanomedicines for achieving cell-specific drug delivery. Here, we describe bioengineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) with low immunogenicity that can target and kill cancer cells in a cell-specific manner by delivering small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting kinesin spindle protein (KSP). A mutant Escherichia coli strain that exhibits reduced endotoxicity toward human cells was engineered to generate OMVs displaying a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-specific affibody in the membrane as a targeting ligand. Systemic injection of siRNA-packaged OMVs caused targeted gene silencing and induced highly significant tumor growth regression in an animal model. Importantly, the modified OMVs were well tolerated and showed no evidence of nonspecific side effects. We propose that bioengineered OMVs have great potential as cell-specific drug-delivery vehicles for treating various cancers.
The role of F‐actin cytoskeleton‐associated gelsolin in the guinea pig capacitation and acrosome reaction (2003)

The acrosomal reaction (AR) is a regulated sperm exocytotic process that involves fusion of the plasma membrane (PM) with the outer acrosomal membrane (OAM). Our group has described F-actin cytoskeletons associated to these membranes. It has been proposed that in regulated exocytosis, a cortical cytoskeleton acts as a barrier that obstructs membrane fusion, and must be disassembled for exocytosis to occur. Actin-severing proteins from the gelsolin family have been considered to break this barrier. The present study attempted to determine if gelsolin has a function in guinea pig sperm capacitation and AR. By indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), gelsolin was detected in the apical and postacrosomal regions of the head and in the flagellum in both capacitated and non-capacitated guinea pig spermatozoa. By Western blotting, gelsolin was detected in isolated PM and OAM of non-capacitated spermatozoa. Gelsolin and actin were detected in a mixture of PM-OAM obtained by sonication, and both proteins were absent in membranes of capacitated spermatozoa. Inhibition of three different pathways of PIP2 hydrolysis during capacitation did not cancel gelsolin loss from membranes. Gelsolin was detected by Western blotting associated to membrane cytoskeletons obtained after phalloidin F-actin stabilization and Triton-X treatment; additionally, by immunoprecipitation, it was shown that gelsolin is associated with actin. By electron microscopy we observed that skeletons disassemble during capacitation, but phalloidin prevents disassembly. A three-dimensional skeleton was observed that apparently joins PM with OAM. Exogenous gelsolin stimulates AR assayed in a permeabilized spermatozoa model. Results suggest that gelsolin disassembles F-actin cytoskeletons during capacitation, promoting AR.
Context-based lossless interband compression-extending CALIC (2000)

This paper proposes an interband version of CALIC (context-based, adaptive, lossless image codec) which represents one of the best performing, practical and general purpose lossless image coding techniques known today. Interband coding techniques are needed for effective compression of multispectral images like color images and remotely sensed images. It is demonstrated that CALIC's techniques of context modeling of DPCM errors lend themselves easily to modeling of higher-order interband correlations that cannot be exploited by simple interband linear predictors alone. The proposed interband CALIC exploits both interband and intraband statistical redundancies, and obtains significant compression gains over its intrahand counterpart. On some types of multispectral images, interband CALIC can lead to a reduction in bit rate of more than 20% as compared to intraband CALIC. Interband CALIC only incurs a modest increase in computational cost as compared to intraband CALIC.
Antimutagenic properties of affinin isolated from<i>Heliopsis longipes</i>extract (2013)

Affinin, the principal metabolite of H. longipes, is not mutagenic and possesses antimutagenic activity. These plants are currently used to treat some pain symptoms in Mexico; and antimutagen activity determined could be important to treat some pain symptoms related to antiradical activity.
XML transformation flow processing (2001)

The XSLT language is both complex in simple cases (such as attribute renaming or element hiding) and restricted in complex cases (complex information flows require processing multiple stylesheets).We propose a framework which improves on XSLT by providing simple-to-use and easyto-analyse macros for common basic transformation tasks.It also provides a superstructure for composing multiple stylesheets, with multiple input and output documents, in ways not accessible within XSLT.Having the whole transformation description in an integrated format allows better control and analysis of the complete transformation.
Complete current-based induction motor condition monitoring: stator, rotor, bearings, and load (2003)

A complete summary of techniques for monitoring and protecting each major component of a low voltage, line-connected induction motor is given in this paper. Specifically, a method for protecting the machine from thermal overload is presented, along with a method for robust stator turn-fault detection. Current-based spectral analysis for rotor and rotating faults, as well as bearing faults is also presented. Each of these techniques are proved to provide condition- and fault-related information to the user without additional sensors.
Micropreparation of peptides by capillary electrophoresis for matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry (1996)

In the separation of peptides by capillary electrophoresis and analysis by matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry, strong suppression of the mass spectrometric signals is a problem with many common electrolytes used in the separation step such as sodium phosphate. We describe an approach employing individual electrolytes selected for highest performance in each process. Suppression with samples collected into phosphate buffers is avoided when citrate, trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid is used for collection, while phosphate still provides excellent resolution in the capillary. Low concentrations of hydrochloric acid added to the sample/matrix mixture generate essentially adduct-free mass spectra with better signal-to-noise ratios and detection limits (fmol range) than those obtained with citrate or trifluoroacetic acid. Addition of 0.25% ethylene glycol to both the phosphate electrolyte and the sample improves peak shape and resolution, and is crucial for preparative separations in large diameter capillaries.
The CD28-transmembrane domain mediates chimeric antigen receptor heterodimerization with CD28 (2020)

Abstract Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CD19-CAR)-engineered T cells are approved therapeutics for malignancies. The impact of the hinge (HD) and transmembrane (TMD) domains between the extracellular antigen-targeting and the intracellular signaling modalities of CARs has not been systemically studied. Here, a series of CD19-CARs differing only by their HD (CD8/CD28/IgG 4 ) and TMD (CD8/CD28) was generated. CARs containing a CD28-TMD, but not a CD8-TMD, formed heterodimers with the endogenous CD28 in human T cells, as shown by co-immunoprecipitation and CAR-dependent proliferation to anti-CD28 stimulation. This dimerization depended on polar amino-acids in the CD28-TMD. CD28-CAR heterodimerization was more efficient in CARs containing a CD8-HD or CD28-HD as compared to an IgG 4 -HD. CD28-CAR heterodimers did not respond to CD80 and CD86 stimulation but led to a significant reduction of CD28 cell-surface expression. These data unveil a new property of the CD28-TMD and suggest that TMDs can modulate CAR T-cell activities by engaging endogenous partners. Abstract Figure
Design and analysis of a current-reuse transmitter for ultra-low power applications (2009)

A CMOS current-reuse transmitter for ultra-low power (ULP) applications is presented. It can provide up to 10.2dBm of output power with a total efficiency of 30% at 2.4GHz. By utilizing the stacking technique, the average current of a class-E power amplifier is reused by the accompanying VCO and an optional RX block. The breakdown issue associated with the class-E PA is mitigated. A detailed analysis of the current-reuse structure is demonstrated. Practical design issues are discussed and appropriate design guidelines are provided.
Automatic misconfiguration troubleshooting with peerpressure (2004)

Abstract — Technical support contributes 17 % of the total cost of ownership of today’s desktop PCs [25]. An important element of technical support is troubleshooting misconfigured applications. Misconfiguration troubleshooting is particularly challenging, because configuration information is shared and altered by multiple applications. In this paper, we present a novel troubleshooting system: PeerPressure, which uses statistics from a set of sample machines to diagnose the root-cause misconfigurations on a sick machine. This is in contrast with methods that require manual identification on a healthy machine for diagnosing misconfigurations [30]. The elimination of this manual operation makes a significant step towards automated misconfiguration troubleshooting. In PeerPressure, we introduce a ranking metric for misconfiguration candidates. This metric is based on empirical Bayesian estimation. We have prototyped a PeerPressure troubleshooting system and used a database of 87 machine configuration snapshots to evaluate its performance. With 20 real-world troubleshooting cases, PeerPressure can effectively pinpoint the root-cause misconfigurations for 12 of these cases. For the remaining cases, PeerPressure significantly narrows down the number of root-cause candidates by three orders of magnitude. I.
Leptin Receptor Signaling and the Regulation of Mammalian Physiology (2004)

While the hormone leptin and its receptor were discovered relatively recently, a great deal is already known about the molecular details of leptin receptor (LR) signaling and physiologic regulation. While multiple alternatively spliced LR isoforms exist, only the long (LRb) form associates with the Janus kinase 2 (Jak2) tyrosine kinase to mediate intracellular signaling. LRb initiates signaling via three major mechanisms: 1) Tyr(985) of LRb recruits SH2-containing tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2); 2) Tyr(1138) of LRb recruits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); and 3) tyrosine phosphorylation sites on the receptor-associated Jak2 likely recruit numerous undefined signaling proteins. The Tyr(985) --> SHP-2 pathway is a major regulator of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation during leptin signaling in cultured cells, while the Tyr(1138) --> STAT3 pathway induces the feedback inhibitor, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), as well as important positive effectors of leptin action. The Jak2-dependent activation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) protein --> phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3'-K) pathway appears to regulate membrane potential in LRb-expressing neurons and contributes to the regulation of feeding. The Tyr(1138) --> STAT3 pathway mediates transcriptional regulation of the hypothalamic melanocortin pathway in vivo. This pathway is required for the regulation of appetite and energy expenditure by leptin. Interestingly, the Tyr(1138) --> STAT3 pathway does not strongly regulate neuropeptide Y (NPY) and thus is not required for the control of reproduction and growth. Thus, other as-yet-undefined leptin receptor signals are central to these and perhaps other aspects of leptin action.
Effect of packetization on VoIP performance (2008)

The fundamental characteristics of VoIP are constant rate, delay sensitivity, and loss tolerance. VoIP over packet-switched networks including the Internet poses problems because the network service is not guaranteed to meet such requirements, i.e. the available bandwidth as well as the delay and loss bounds. Adaptive rate VoIP is a solution that can mitigate the problem. Adaptive rate VoIP has the ability to adapt its transmission rate to match the available network bandwidth. This helps to reduce or avoid network congestion, which in turn minimizes delay and loss. To implement adaptive rate VoIP, the VoIP source must be able to send packets at different rates. Adaptive multi-rate speech coders are commonly used. However, their voice quality (e.g. MOS) varies depending on the bitrate. In this paper, we propose an alternative of using packetization as a means for rate adaptation while using a constant bitrate coder. We explore how packetization can vary network bandwidth requirement. We then study the effect of packetization on VoIP performance. The simulation study shows an interesting result. Using an optimal packetization can help to improve VoIP performance. At the same time, the amount of voice traffic plays an important role to determine the performance improvement. This study also demonstrates that feasibility of packetization-based adaptive rate VoIP.
Extraction of Peptidoglycan from L. paracasei subp. Paracasei X12 and Its Preliminary Mechanisms of Inducing Immunogenic Cell Death in HT-29 Cells (2015)

L. paracasei subp. paracasei X12 was previously isolated from a Chinese traditional fermented cheese with anticancer activities and probiotic potential. Herein, the integral peptidoglycan (X12-PG) was extracted by a modified trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method. X12-PG contained the four representative amino acids Asp, Glu, Ala and Lys, and displayed the similar lysozyme sensitivity, UV-visible scanning spectrum and molecular weight as the peptidoglycan standard. X12-PG could induce the production of apoptotic bodies observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X12-PG could significantly induced the translocation of calreticulin (CRT) and the release of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), the two notable hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (ICD), with the endoplastic reticulum (ER) damaged and subsequently intracellular [Ca(2+)] elevated. Our findings implied that X12-PG could induce the ICD of HT-29 cells through targeting at the ER. The present results may enlighten the prospect of probiotics in the prevention of colon cancer.