gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Thrombostat System A Useful Method to Test Antiplatelet Drugs and Diets (1995)

1. In the presence of 1 mM aspirin, which had no effect on bleeding volume, only 0.6 nM iloprost were necessary to show a 50% inhibition, in contrast to 2.5 nM without aspirin. 2. At aspirin concentrations of 1 mM, 50% inhibition of primary hemostasis could be achieved with 20 microM SIN-1, or with 7 microM SIN-1 together with iloprost (500 pM). The same effect was seen only with very high doses of SIN-1 (1000 microM) alone. 3. For 50% inhibition of primary hemostasis in vitro, RGDS concentrations were reduced from 250 microM to 160 microM when blood was pretreated with 1 mM aspirin and to 75 microM when 500 pM iloprost were added additionally. 4. Japanese fishermen (eating 270 g fish/day) demonstrated significantly longer in-vivo bleeding times and in-vitro bleeding volumes (6.49 min/224 microliters), respectively, as compared to Japanese farmers (90 g fish/day, 4.85 min/137 microliters). 5. In Japanese subjects in-vivo bleeding times correlated with in-vitro bleeding volumes (0.69). The Thrombostat system proved to be a sensitive method to detect synergistic effects of various antiplatelet drugs in vitro and of a platelet inhibitory diet ex vivo.
Clinical features of Parkinson disease when onset of diabetes came first (2012)

Onset of diabetes before the onset of PD appears to be a risk factor for more severe PD symptoms. These findings support the hypothesis that diabetes has a role in the etiopathogenesis of PD. Neurologists should be aware of the potential impact of diabetes on overall PD management.
Reduction of enol phosphates to alkenes with titanium metal (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of enol phosphates to alkenes with titanium metalSteven C. Welch and Marlin E. WaltersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 13, 2715–2717Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00407a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00407a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views295Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Using a genetic algorithm to learn behaviors for autonomous vehicles (1992)

Abstract : Truly autonomous vehicles will require both projective planning and reactive components in order to perform robustly. Projective components are needed for long-term planning and replanning where explicit reasoning about future states is required. Reactive components allow the system to always have some action available in real-time, and themselves can exhibit robust behavior, but lack the ability to explicitly reason about future states over a long time period. This work addresses the problem of creating reactive components for autonomous vehicles. Creating reactive behaviors (stimulus-response rules) is generally difficult, requiring the acquisition of much knowledge from domain experts, a problem referred to as the knowledge acquisition bottleneck. SAMUEL is a system that learns reactive behaviors for autonomous agents. SAMUEL learns these behaviors under simulation, automating the process of creating stimulus-response rules and therefore reducing the bottleneck. (AN)
Über Olibanole (1921)

Pinonsaure ist von v. Baeyerl) iiber Pinsaure und Oxypinsaure zur
SOME AIDS TO TRAFFIC FLOW. (1953)

Keywords AIDS, TRAFFIC, FLOW, CONGESTION, CROSSINGS, PEDESTRIANS, LIGHTS, FAULTS, ROADS, JUNCTIONS, SUBWAYS, CITIES, BUSES, TUBES, WHITE, LINES, DESIGN, ROUNDABOUTS, SIGNS, BYPASSES, ALTERNATIVE, RESEARCH, LIGHTING, CYCLISTS, KERBS, ROUTES... Show All
Activation of Human T Cells with Superantigen (Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B) and CD28 Confers Resistance to Apoptosis via CD95 (1998)

Ag recognition is an essential component for an effective T cell response. However, T cell activation is also subject to additional regulation by accessory molecules. CD28 provides essential costimulatory signals that allow T cells to proliferate, whereas molecules such as CTLA-4 and CD95 (Fas) appear to be negative regulators. Currently, which outcome predominates under conditions of antigenic challenge is poorly understood. In particular it has been suggested that one consequence of antigenic activation of T cells is the up-regulation of both CD95 and CD95 ligand, thereby exposing activated T cells to apoptotic death. We have investigated this possibility in normal human peripheral blood T cells triggered by the superantigen SEB either in the presence of endogenous APCs or transfectants expressing DR4 and CD80. In either case, we find that such activation does not expose the majority of T cells to anti-CD95-induced apoptosis as detected by annexin V externalization and DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, by phenotypically identifying, by flow cytometry, those cells that received both antigenic and costimulatory signals from those cells that did not, we observed that CD95-induced apoptosis was not seen in activated T cells receiving Ag and costimulatory signals via CD28. However, while not all T cells were stimulated by superantigen, CD95 expression was found to be homogeneously up-regulated, suggesting a mechanism whereby bystander cells might be made susceptible to CD95-induced death. We conclude that antigenic activation of T cells via the TCR and CD28 engagement provides protection from CD95-induced apoptosis.
P68. A new EGFR - EpCAM bispecific antibody enhances the efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy in a murine gastric tumour model (2014)

Meeting abstracts A limiting step for adoptively transferred tumour-specific T cells is their recruitment from the blood circulation to the proximity of tumour cells and subsequent engagement in direct tumour cell contact. We hypothesised that a bispecific antibody recruiting T cells to a target
Specific function of phosphoinositide 3-kinase beta in the control of DNA replication (2009)

Class I(A) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) are enzymes comprised of a p85 regulatory and a p110 catalytic subunit that induce formation of 3-polyphosphoinositides, which activate numerous downstream targets. PI3K controls cell division. Of the 2 ubiquitous PI3K isoforms, alpha has selective action in cell growth and cell cycle entry, but no specific function in cell division has been described for beta. We report here a unique function for PI3Kbeta in the control of DNA replication. PI3Kbeta regulated DNA replication through kinase-dependent and kinase-independent mechanisms. PI3Kbeta was found in the nucleus, where it associated PKB. Modulation of PI3Kbeta activity altered the DNA replication rate by controlling proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) binding to chromatin and to DNA polymerase delta. PI3Kbeta exerted this action by regulating the nuclear activation of PKB in S phase, and in turn phosphorylation of PCNA negative regulator p21(Cip). Also, p110beta associated with PCNA and controlled PCNA loading onto chromatin in a kinase-independent manner. These results show a selective function of PI3Kbeta in the control of DNA replication.
A comparison of a first-order thermal lensing model to a closed aperture Z-scan for the propagation of light in ocular media. (2006)

The phenomenon of thermal lensing was investigated in water using a Z-scan method and corresponding first-order mathematical models. Data from first-order thermal lensing models and ABCD beam propagation methods were used to simulate the non-linear absorption of water held in a thin sample cuvette for a Z-scan optical set up of CW cases at 1313 nm. The single beam closed aperture Z-scan was then used to determine the non-linear absorption at 1313 nm for water in 10 mm and 2 mm cuvettes at 48.00, 16.80, 9.80 and 2.83 mW then compared to the first-order model data. The results from the closed aperture Z-scan were also used to back calculate the spot size in the far field for comparison to the model's prediction of the beam's temporal response. Experimental Z-scan data were found not to correlate strongly with our first-order model suggesting the need for higher order models to successfully predict spot size in absorbing media inside the Rayleigh range.
Gene‐expression profiling of human osteoblasts following treatment with the ionic products of Bioglass® 45S5 dissolution (2001)

The effect of the ionic products of Bioglass® 45S5 dissolution on the gene-expression profile of human osteoblasts was investigated by cDNA microarray analysis of 1,176 genes. Treatment with the ionic products of Bioglass® 45S5 dissolution increased the levels of 60 transcripts twofold or more and reduced the levels of five transcripts to one-half or less than in control. Markedly up-regulated genes included RCL, a c-myc responsive growth related gene, cell cycle regulators such as G1/S specific cyclin D1, and apoptosis regulators including calpain and defender against cell death (DAD1). Other significantly up-regulated genes included the cell surface receptors CD44 and integrin β1, and various extracellular matrix regulators including metalloproteinases-2 and -4 and their inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. The identification of differentially expressed genes by cDNA microarray analysis has offered new insights into the mode of action of bioactive glasses and has proven to be an effective tool in evaluating their osteoproductive properties. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 55: 151–157, 2001
Predominant Identification of RNA-binding Proteins in Fas-induced Apoptosis by Proteome Analysis (2001)

Proteome analysis of Jurkat T cells was performed in order to identify proteins that are modified during apoptosis. Subtractive analysis of two-dimensional gel patterns of apoptotic and nonapoptotic cells revealed differences in 45 protein spots. 37 protein spots of 21 different proteins were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The hnRNPs A0, A2/B1, A3, K, and R; the splicing factors p54(nrb), SRp30c, ASF-2, and KH-type splicing regulatory protein (FUSE-binding protein 2); and alpha NAC, NS1-associated protein 1, and poly(A)-binding protein 4 were hitherto unknown to be involved in apoptosis. The putative cleavage sites of the majority of the proteins could be calculated by the molecular masses and isoelectric points in the two-dimensional electrophoresis gel, the peptide mass fingerprints, and after translation by treatment with recombinant caspase-3. Remarkably, 15 of the 21 identified proteins contained the RNP or KH motif, the best characterized RNA-binding motifs.
On the application of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to the elucidation of specific interactions in miscible polyester‐poly(vinyl chloride) blends (1983)

Abstract FT‐IR spectroscopic studies have been performed in an attempt to elucidate the nature of the specific interactions occurring in miscible poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) blends. Studies of low molecular weight analogues, polymer/solvent mixtures and blends of PCL and α‐deuterated PVC are presented. The results strongly suggest that a hydrogen bonding type of interaction between the carbonyl bond of PCL and the α‐hydrogen of PVC exists in compatible PCL‐PVC blends.
Metalloporphyrin-Catalyzed Oxidation of 2-Methylnaphthalene to Vitamin K<sub>3</sub> and 6-Methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone by Potassium Monopersulfate in Aqueous Solution (1997)

The metalloporphyrin-catalyzed oxidation of 2-methynaphthalene (1) by potassium monopersulfate produced mainly two naphthoquinones: 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (2) (menadione or vitamin K(3)) and 6-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (3). In aqueous solution and at room temperature in the presence of 5 mol % of the water-soluble metalloporphyrins MnTPPS or FeTMPS, 2-methylnaphthalene was quantitatively oxidized to quinones 2 and 3. Based on experiments performed in(18)O-labeled water and according to the "redox tautomerism" mechanism previously described for such catalysts, the oxidation to quinones is proposed to be mainly due to a cytochrome P-450-type oxygenation reaction (oxygen atom transfer), rather than a peroxidase-type oxidation (electron transfer).
A computational 3D model for reconstruction of neural stem cells in bright-field time-lapse microscopy (2007)

This paper describes a computational model for image formation of <i>in-vitro</i> adult hippocampal progenitor (AHP) cells, in bright-field time-lapse microscopy. Although this microscopymodality barely generates sufficient contrast for imaging translucent cells, we show that by using a stack of defocused image slices it is possible to extract position and shape of spherically shaped specimens, such as the AHP cells. This inverse problem was solved by modeling the physical objects and image formation system, and using an iterative nonlinear optimization algorithm to minimize the difference between the reconstructed and measured image stack. By assuming that the position and shape of the cells do not change significantly between two time instances, we can optimize these parameters using the previous time instance in a Bayesian estimation approach. The 3D reconstruction algorithm settings, such as focal sampling distance, and PSF, were calibrated using latex spheres of known size and refractive index. By using the residual between reconstructed and measured image intensities, we computed a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) to 28 dB for the sphere stack. A biological specimen analysis was done using an AHP cell, where reconstruction PSNR was 28 dB as well. The cell was immuno-histochemically stained and scanned in a confocal microscope, in order to compare our cell model to a ground truth. After convergence the modelled cell volume had an error of less than one percent.
Organic−Inorganic Perovskites Containing Trivalent Metal Halide Layers:  The Templating Influence of the Organic Cation Layer (2000)

Thin sheetlike crystals of the metal-deficient perovskites (H2AEQT)M2/3I4 [M = Bi or Sb; AEQT = 5,5‘ ‘‘-bis(aminoethyl)-2,2‘:5‘,2‘ ‘:5‘ ‘,2‘ ‘‘-quaterthiophene] were formed from slowly cooled ethylene glycol/2-butanol solutions containing the bismuth(III) or antimony(III) iodide and AEQT·2HI salts. Each structure was refined in a monoclinic (C2/m) subcell, with the lattice parameters a = 39.712(13) Å, b = 5.976(2) Å, c = 6.043(2) Å, β = 92.238(5)°, and Z = 2 for M = Bi and a = 39.439(7) Å, b = 5.952(1) Å, c = 6.031(1) Å, β = 92.245(3)°, and Z = 2 for M = Sb. The trivalent metal cations locally adopt a distorted octahedral coordination, with M−I bond lengths ranging from 3.046(1) to 3.218(3) Å (3.114 Å average) for M = Bi and 3.012(1) to 3.153(2) Å (3.073 Å average) for M = Sb. The new organic−inorganic hybrids are the first members of a metal-deficient perovskite family consisting of (Mn+)2/nV(n-2)/nX42- sheets, where V represents a vacancy (generally left out of the formula) and the metal cation valence, n, is greater than 2. The organic layers in the AEQT-based organic−inorganic hybrids feature edge-to-face aromatic interactions among the rigid, rodlike quaterthiophene moieties, which may help to stabilize the unusual metal-deficient layered structures.
Temporal Repolarization Lability in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Caused by β-Myosin Heavy-Chain Gene Mutations (2000)

These findings suggest that (1) patients with HCM caused by beta-MHC gene mutations exhibit labile repolarization quantified by QT variability analysis and, hence, may be more at risk for sudden death from ventricular arrhythmias, and (2) indices of QT variability may be particularly abnormal in patients with beta-MHC gene mutations that are associated with a poor prognosis.
Impact of Biochar Amendment on Fertility of a Southeastern Coastal Plain Soil (2009)

Agricultural soils in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain region have meager soil fertility characteristics because of their sandy textures, acidic pH values, kaolinitic clays, low cation exchange capacities, and diminutive soil organic carbon contents. We hypothesized that biochar additions will help ameliorate some of these fertility problems. The study objectives were to determine the impact of pecan shell-based biochar additions on soil fertility characteristics and water leachate chemistry for a Norfolk loamy sand (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic typic Kandiudults). Soil columns containing 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% (wt/wt) biochar were incubated at 10% (wt/wt) moisture for 67 days. On days 25 and 67, the columns were leached with 1.2 to 1.4 pore volumes of deionized H2O, and the leachate chemical composition determined. On days 0 and 67, soil samples were collected and analyzed for fertility. The biochar had a pH of 7.6, contained 834.2 and 3.41 g kg−1 of C and N, respectively, and was dominated by aromatic C (58%). After 67 days and two leaching events, biochar additions to the Norfolk soil increased soil pH, soil organic carbon, Ca, K, Mn, and P and decreased exchangeable acidity, S, and Zn. Biochar additions did not significantly increase soil cation exchange capacity. Leachates contained increasing electrical conductivity and K and Na concentrations, but decreasing levels of Ca, P, Mn, and Zn. These effects reflect the addition of elements and the higher sorption capacity of biochar for selective nutrients (especially Ca, P, Zn, and Mn). Biochar additions to the Norfolk soil caused significant fertility improvements.
Assessment of mitochondrial DNA mutations in Chinese family with essential hypertension (2014)

Mitochondrial DNA (MtDNA) mutations played an important role in the development of essential hypertension. Mitochondrial tRNA point mutations, caused the failure in tRNA metabolism, responsible for the pathogenesis of this complex disease. In this study, we evaluated the possible role of the 4329C >G mutation in the clinical expression of hypertension in a Chinese family. Analysis of the complete mtDNA sequence variants showed that other mutations may play synergic roles in the phenotypic manifestation of hypertension. In addition, other potential pitfalls were also discussed in this context.
Archive of Mechanical Engineering (2018)

An important phenomenon of delta wing is the mechanism of vortex core, which indicates the increase in lifting force until the occurrence of the vortex breakdown. The computational ﬂuid dynamics (CFD) is very helpful in visualizing and providing analysis of the detailed data. The use of turbulent models will aﬀect the quality of results in obtaining the vortex breakdown phenomenon. This study used several models of turbulence to capture the occurrence of vortex breakdown and compare it with experiments using water tunnel test facility. The results show that all turbulence models give good results at a low angle of attack (AoA), but at a high AoA the DES model gives the results closest to experimental ones with Cl error value of about 1 %. Taking into account the time required and the acceptable level of accuracy, the use of SST and k-ω models is an alternative option for use in the detection of vortex breakdown.
Protective Effect of Rotavirus VP6-Specific IgA Monoclonal Antibodies That Lack Neutralizing Activity (1996)

Rotaviruses are the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis and dehydrating diarrhea in young children and animals worldwide. A murine model and "backpack tumor" transplantation were used to determine the protective effect of antibodies against VP4(an outer capsid viral protein) and VP6(a major inner capsid viral protein). Only two non-neutralizing immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies to VP6 were capable of preventing primary and resolving chronic murine rotavirus infections. These antibodies were not active, however, when presented directly to the luminal side of the intestinal tract. These findings support the hypothesis that in vivo intracellular viral inactivation by secretory IgA during transcytosis is a mechanism of host defense against rotavirus infection.
Printing Microvascular Networks: Omnidirectional Printing of 3D Microvascular Networks (Adv. Mater. 24/2011) (2011)

Jennifer A. Lewis and co-workers present 3D biomimetic microvascular networks of nearly arbitrary design on page H178. The networks are fabricated using omnidirectional printing of a fugitive ink within a photopolymerizable hydrogel matrix. After printing and curing, the ink is removed from the matrix leaving behind hierarchical, bifurcating channels that mimic natural microvasculature. (Image credit: W. Wu and J. A. Lewis, University of Illinois.)
Inferring Finite-State Models with Temporal Constraints (2008)

Finite state machine-based abstractions of software behaviour are popular because they can be used as the basis for a wide range of (semi-) automated verification and validation techniques. These can however rarely be applied in practice, because the specifications are rarely kept up- to-date or even generated in the first place. Several techniques to reverse-engineer these specifications have been proposed, but they are rarely used in practice because their input requirements (i.e. the number of execution traces) are often very high if they are to produce an accurate result. An insufficient set of traces usually results in a state machine that is either too general, or incomplete. Temporal logic formulae can often be used to concisely express constraints on system behaviour that might otherwise require thousands of execution traces to identify. This paper describes an extension of an existing state machine inference technique that accounts for temporal logic formulae, and encourages the addition of new formulae as the inference process converges on a solution. The implementation of this process is openly available, and some preliminary results are provided.
A hybrid model based on Kalman Filter and neutral network for traffic prediction (2012)

In this paper, a hybrid model based on Kalman Filter and Neural Network is introduced for traffic prediction to make our travel more convenient. The proposed model, taking both the real-time data and the historical data, can predict the link travel time in near future more accurately and thus increase the user service quality of APTS. The performance of evaluation is demonstrated on the real link travel time from Wenhui Bridge to Mingguang Bridge collected by mobile phone supporting GPS. Finally MAPE is used to calculate the prediction error and the result shows that the hybrid model performs well than both the two separate models. Based on our proposed model for traffic prediction, the APTS, which is one of the most important applications of ITS, would attract much more people to use the public transportation system and greatly reliever the burden of the urban traffic pressure.