gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
d/dt(B/sup 2/) detector: method of operation (1984)

The theory of operation for the ferrite-biased d/dt(B/sup 2/(t)) = B/sup 2/ - dot = d/dt)B/sup 2/), detector is outlined. The sensitivities of the calibration constant to the power level in the waveguide, the propagation mode, the temperature and the ferrite magnetization characteristics, are discussed. The differential version, coupled to a BALUN, is discussed.
Universal logic modules implemented using LSI memory techniques (1971)

Large arrays of read only storage (ROS, ROM) are currently available from semiconductor vendors; however, there is a lack of material describing potential uses of these blocks of memory. This is due in part to the haste with which the semiconductor manufacturers place these devices on the market and in part to the fact that engineers have not yet realized the full potential presented by these devices for use as logic.
Neutral amino acid transport systems in Chinese hamster ovary cells. (1981)

The neutral amino acid transport systems A, ASC, and L have been characterized in the Chinese hamster ovary cell. System A, defined by its sodium ion dependency and inhibition by 2-methylaminoisobutyric acid, was found to be extremely sensitive to the pH of the external medium and to increase in response to starvation for amino acids. System ASC, identified by its sodium ion dependency and intolerance of N-methylation of substrates, was found to be relatively insensitive to external pH and nutrient limitation. System ASC in Chinese hamster ovary cells has been shown to be the major mode of entry of neutral amino acids. A much broader substrate specificity was observed for System ASC than has been reported for other mammalian cell types, with nearly every amino acid tested showing significant uptake by this system. In addition, the highest observed velocities of uptake were for System ASC. System L, defined by its sodium ion independency and inhibition by 2-aminobicyclo-[2,2,2]-heptane-2-carboxylic acid, was enhanced in activity by lowered pH. The starvation-induced enhancement in System A activity was prevented by the presence of a single substrate of this system, the nonmetabolizable analog 2-methylaminoisobutyric, or by the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide.
Neuritic regeneration and synaptic reconstruction induced by withanolide A (2005)

We investigated whether withanolide A (WL‐A), isolated from the Indian herbal drug Ashwagandha (root of Withania somnifera ), could regenerate neurites and reconstruct synapses in severely damaged neurons. We also investigated the effect of WL‐A on memory‐deficient mice showing neuronal atrophy and synaptic loss in the brain. Axons, dendrites, presynapses, and postsynapses were visualized by immunostaining for phosphorylated neurofilament‐H (NF‐H), microtubule‐associated protein 2 (MAP2), synaptophysin, and postsynaptic density‐95 (PSD‐95), respectively. Treatment with A β (25–35) (10 μ M ) induced axonal and dendritic atrophy, and pre‐ and postsynaptic loss in cultured rat cortical neurons. Subsequent treatment with WL‐A (1 μ M ) induced significant regeneration of both axons and dendrites, in addition to the reconstruction of pre‐ and postsynapses in the neurons. WL‐A (10 μ mol kg −1 day −1 , for 13 days, p.o.) recovered A β (25–35)‐induced memory deficit in mice. At that time, the decline of axons, dendrites, and synapses in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was almost recovered. WL‐A is therefore an important candidate for the therapeutic treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, as it is able to reconstruct neuronal networks. British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 144 , 961–971. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706122
Properties of the testicular lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme (1976)

1. Studies were carried out with pure lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes C4 (LDH isoenzyme X), B4, (LDH isoenzyme 1) and A4 (LDH isoenzyme 5) isolated from mouse testis, heart and muscle tissue respectively; with LDH isoenzyme X purified from pigeon testes and with crude lysates of spermatozoa from man, bull and rabbit. 2. LDH isoenzyme X from all species showed greater ability than the other isoenzymes to catalyse the NAD+-linked interconversions of 2-oxobutanoate into 2-hydroxybutanoate and of 2-oxopentanoate into 2-hydroxypentanoate. 3. Mouse LDH isoenzyme X presented the broadest spectrum of substrate specificity. It exhibited very similar Km values for a variety of 2-oxo acids: 2-oxopropanoate (pyruvate), 2-oxobutanoate, 2-oxo-3-methylbutanoate, 2-oxopentanoate, 2-oxo-3-methylpentanoate, 2-oxo-4-methylpentanoate, 2-oxohexanoate and 2-oxo-3-phenylpropanoate (phenylpyruvate). The corresponding 2-hydroxy acids were also readily utilized in the reverse reaction. A strong inhibition by substrate and product was demonstrated for the direct reaction. 4. Intracellular distribution of LDH isoenzyme X was investigated in mouse testes. LDH isoenzyme X activity was located in the fraction of "heavy mitochondria" and in the soluble phase. 5. A possible functional role for LDH isoenzyme X is proposed: the redox couple-2-oxo acid-2-hydroxy acid could integrate a shuttle system transferring reducing equivalents from cytoplasm to mitochondria.
Propagation of Explosive Pulses in Assemblies of Disks and Spheres (1997)

An experimental investigation has been conducted to compare and contrast the dynamic load–transfer process in single-chain assemblies of twoand three-dimensional particles. In particular, single-chain assemblies of disks and spheres were subjected to explosive loadings and strain gauges were used to collect the resulting strain pulse information. The data were analyzed to compare the pulse velocity, contact load attenuation, dispersion, and pulse breakup in disks and spheres. The comparison shows that the average pulse velocity in disks is higher than in spheres and the pulse attenuation is lower in the disks. The results also show that there is a characteristic pulse that will propagate through a single chain of disks without significant dispersion. However, the characteristic pulse propagating in assemblies of spheres shows dispersion. For both disks and spheres, when the input pulse is sufficiently long, it undergoes a ringing process, which breaks the long pulse up into smaller signals of size approximately equal to the characteristic length. The larger the input pulse is with respect to the characteristic pulse length, the longer the breakup takes. This breakup is also accompanied by a redistribution of energy, which is easily seen in the frequency domain.
Evaluation of an Air-Powered Vaccine Delivery System (2019)

The BallistiVet delivery system (BallistiVet Inc., Minneapolis, USA) has been patented as a system for the non-lethal ballistic implantation of biologicals and pharmaceuticals in animals. Tanimalshe 25-calibre hydroxypropylcellulose bullets have a hollow space where the product, such as freeze-dried vaccine, is placed for delivery. The equipment was evaluated by firing a total of 32 bullets at different angles (45 and 90°) and distances (15, 20 and 25 feet) into the neck and legs of 3 sedated 400-lb beef calves. The animals were then killed and PM examinations carried out. Some of the bullets fired at 45° appeared to bounce off the skin without penetrating, other bullets caused severe tissue destruction and haemorrhage. Only 10 bullets were recovered from muscle tissue. It was concluded that the bullets were too destructive to be considered as suitable for the delivery of biological or pharmaceutical products.
Diferulates as structural components in soluble and insoluble cereal dietary fibre (2001)

Abstract Cell wall cross‐linking can have a substantial effect on the properties of the wall. To estimate cross‐linking (between arabinoxylans) in cereal fibres, dehydrodiferulate levels were measured in soluble and insoluble dietary fibre (SDF and IDF) isolated from whole grains of maize ( Zea mays L), wheat ( Triticum aestivum L), spelt ( Triticum spelta L), rice ( Oryza sativa L), wild rice ( Zizania aquatica L), barley ( Hordeum vulgare L), rye ( Secale cereale L), oat ( Avena sativa L) and millet ( Panicum miliaceum L). After saponification of the cereal fibres the extracts were investigated for dehydrodimers of ferulic acid using GLC–MS and GLC–FID. From most cereal IDF the whole spectrum of dehydrodiferulic acids (DFAs) (8‐5′‐, 8‐8′‐, 5‐5′‐, 8‐O‐4′‐ and 4‐O‐5′‐coupled) could be identified. The absolute contents of total DFAs ranged between 2.4 and 12.6 mg g −1 . With the exception of 4‐O‐5′‐coupled DFA, the whole range of DFAs was also detected from cereal SDF but only in amounts of 40–230 µg g −1 . It was estimated that arabinoxylans of cereal IDF contain 8–39 times more diferulates than arabinoxylans of cereal SDF (where measurement of DFA levels in SDF was possible). In cereal IDF, 8‐5′‐coupled dimers dominated, whereas in cereal SDF, 8‐8′‐coupled dimers were relatively enhanced and often became the major dimers. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Dairy Technology: Principles of Milk Properties and Processes (1999)

This book covers the chemistry, physics, and microbiology of milk; the main unit operations applied in the manufacture of milk products; and procedures to ensure consumer safety, product quality, and efficient processing. The final section is devoted to describing the processes and interactions unique to the manufacture and maturation of cheese.
bias optical beam induced current (N nique for evaluation of A1 interconnects (1995)

A new technique, using a high sensitive optical beam induced current (OBIC), has been developed for failure analysis of A1 stripes and vias. The technique realizes the detection of point defects, such as voids in A1 interconnects, with no application of voltage or the removal of the passivation layer being required. This non-bias OBIC (NB-OBIC) technique is very useful in the analysis of A1 interconnect failures in actual LSIs.
Anti-Parkinsonian Effects of Nurr1 Activator in Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Impairment Induced Animal Model of Parkinson’s Disease (2012)

Nurr1 is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and is a potential susceptibility gene for Parkinson's disease (PD). Several lines of studies in vitro and in vivo reported that defects in the Nurr1 gene cause nigrostriatal neuronal deficiency as seen in PD. In the present study, we used a a synthetic low molecular weight Nurr1 activator which increases the transcription of Nurr1 to investigate whether it has anti-parkinsonian effects against nigrostriatal neuronal degeneration induced by proteasome inhibitor lactacystin. Adult C57BL/6 mice were treated orally with the Nurr1 activator and an inactive structural analog as a control at a dose of 10mg/kg per day, starting 3 days before microinjection of proteasome inhibitor lactacystin into the medial forebrain bundle and the treatment continued for a total of 4 weeks. Animal behavior tests, and pathological and biochemical examinations were performed to determine the anti-parkinsonian effects of the Nurr1 activator. We found that treatment with the Nurr1 activator significantly improved rotarod performance, attenuated dopamine neuron loss and nigrostriatal dopamine reduction, increased expression of Nurr1, dopamine transporter and vesicular monoamine transporter 2, and alleviated microglial activation in the substantia nigra of lactacystin-lesioned mice. These results suggest that the Nurr1 activator may become an innovative strategy for the treatment of PD.
Entity refinement using latent semantic indexing (2010)

Automated extraction of named entities is an important text analysis task. In addition to recognizing the occurrence of entity names, it is important to be able to label those names by type. Most entity extraction techniques categorize extracted entities into a few basic types, such as PERSON, ORGANIZATION, and LOCATION. This paper presents an approach for generating more fine-grained subdivisions of entity type. The technique of latent semantic indexing (LSI) is used to provide semantic context as an indicator of likely entity subtype. Tests were carried out on a collection of 5.5 million English-language news articles. At modest levels of recall, the accuracy of sub-type assignment was comparable to the accuracy with which the gross type was assigned by a state-of-the-art commercial entity extraction software package.
Studies on new antibiotics SF2415. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities. (1987)

A new species of Streptomyces is described for which the name Streptomyces aculeolatus is proposed. The organism produces new antibiotics SF2415A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 active against Gram-positive bacteria. Empirical molecular formulae of the antibiotics SF2415A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 were determined to be C26H31N2O5Cl, C26H30N2O5, C26H30N2O5Cl2, C26H33O5Cl, C26H32O5 and C26H32O5Cl2, respectively.
SMOKING AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN PIGEON FANCIERS′ LUNG (1997)

Conference Article| May 01 1997 SMOKING AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN PIGEON FANCIERS′ LUNG C.I. Baldwin; C.I. Baldwin 1Department of Immunology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J.E. Calvert; J.E. Calvert 1Department of Immunology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. Todd; A. Todd *Public Health Laboratory, Cumberland Infirmary, Carlisle, CA2 7HY Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. Bourke; S. Bourke **The Chest Unit, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 6BE Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. Allen A. Allen #Department of Physiological Sciences, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (2): 325S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025325s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation C.I. Baldwin, J.E. Calvert, A. Todd, S. Bourke, A. Allen; SMOKING AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN PIGEON FANCIERS′ LUNG. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1997; 25 (2): 325S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025325s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Topical retinoic acid (tretinoin) for melasma in black patients. A vehicle-controlled clinical trial (1994)

<h3>Background and Design:</h3> Melasma is an acquired, masklike, facial hyperpigmentation. The pathogenesis and treatment of melasma in black (African-American) patients is poorly understood. We investigated the efficacy of topical 0.1% all-trans-retinoic acid (tretinoin) in the treatment of melasma in black patients. Twenty-eight of 30 black patients with melasma completed a 10-month, randomized, vehicle-controlled clinical trial in which they applied either 0.1% tretinoin or vehicle cream daily to the entire face. They were evaluated clinically (using our Melasma Area and Severity Index), colorimetrically, and histologically. <h3>Results:</h3> After 40 weeks, there was a 32% improvement in the Melasma Area and Severity Index score in the tretinoin treatment group compared with a 10% improvement in the vehicle group. Colorimetric measurements showed lightening of melasma after 40 weeks of tretinoin treatment vs vehicle. Lightening of melasma, as determined clinically, correlated well with colorimetric measurements. Histologic examination of involved skin revealed a significant decrease in epidermal pigmentation in the tretinoin group compared with the vehicle group. Side effects were limited to a mild ''retinoid dermatitis'' occurring in 67% of tretinoin-treated patients. Among the patients in this study in comparison with comparably recruited white patients, melasma was reported to have begun at a later age and was more likely to be in a malar distribution. Conclusions: This controlled study demonstrates that topical 0.1% tretinoin lightens melasma in black patients, with only mild side effects. (Arch Dermatol. 1994;130:727-733)
Stage‐specific gene expression of <i>Candida albicans</i> in human blood (2003)

The pathogenic fungus Candida albicans commonly causes mucosal surface infections. In immunocompromised patients, C. albicans may penetrate into deeper tissue, enter the bloodstream and disseminate within the host causing life-threatening systemic infections. In order to elucidate how C. albicans responds to the challenge of a blood environment, we analysed the transcription profile of C. albicans cells exposed to human blood using genomic arrays and a cDNA subtraction protocol. By combining data obtained with these two methods, we were able to identify unique sets of different fungal genes specifically expressed at different stages of this model that mimics bloodstream infections. By removing host cells and incubation in plasma, we were also able to identify several genes in which the expression level was significantly influenced by the presence of these cells. Differentially expressed genes included those that are involved in the general stress response, antioxidative response, glyoxylate cycle as well as putative virulence attributes. These data point to possible mechanisms by which C. albicans ensures survival in the hostile environment of the blood and how the fungus may escape the bloodstream as an essential step in its systemic dissemination.
Evaluation of Natural Psoroptes ovis (Acarina: Psoroptidae) Soluble Proteins as Candidate Vaccine Immunogens (1998)

In this study potential vaccine candidate immunogens were identified and evaluated in a vaccine challenge trial. Calves vaccinated with a partially purified fraction of Psoroptes ovis-soluble proteins had 8 of 14 calves free of palpable lesions 8 wk after a challenge infestation. A self-grooming behavioral response elicited by a pruritic immediate-type allergic reaction was believed to be an effector in protecting the vaccinated calves from a clinical P. ovis infestation.
1.0-&#181;m n-well CMOS/bipolar technology (1985)

High-performance 1.0-µm n-well CMOS/bipolar on-chip technology was developed. For process simplicity, an n-well and a collector of bipolar transistors were formed simultaneously, and base and NMOS channel regions were also made simultaneously resulting in collector-isolated vertical n-p-n bipolar transistor fabrication without any additional process step to CMOS process. On the other hand, 1.0-µm CMOS with a new "hot carrier resistant" self-defined polysilicon sidewall spacer (SEPOS) LDD NMOS was developed. It can operate safely under supply voltage over 5 V without performance degradation of CMOS circuits. By evaluating ring oscillators and differential amplifiers constructed by both CMOS and bipolar transistors, it can be concluded that in a digital and in an analog combined system, CMOS has sufficiently high-speed performance for digital parts, while bipolar is superior for analog parts. In addition, bipolar transistors with an n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -buried layer were also fabricated to reduce collector resistance. Concerning the bipolar input/output buffers, the patterned n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -buried layer improves the drivability and high-frequency response. As a result, the applications of n-well CMOS/bipolar technology become clear. This technology was successfully applied to a high-speed 64-kbit CMOS static RAM, and improvement in access time was observed.
Differential Evolution and Stability of Epitope-Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses in EBV Infection (2001)

Murine models of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection suggest that the memory CD8(+) T cell repertoire is reflective of the CD8(+) T cell repertoire generated during acute infection. Less is known regarding the evolution of CD8(+) T cell repertoires during human viral infections. We therefore examined epitope-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in a large cohort of individuals with acute through latent Epstein-Barr virus infection. Using 16 of 20 published EBV epitopes restricted by HLA-A2, HLA-A3 or HLA-B7, we showed that lytic cycle-specific CD8(+) T cell responses predominated during acute EBV infection. However, whereas HLA-A2(+)-restricted BMLF-1-specific CD8(+) T cell responses were maintained through latency, HLA-A2(+)- and HLA-B7(+)-restricted BZLF-1, as well as HLA-A3(+)-restricted BRLF-1 CD8(+) T cell responses, were generated but not readily maintained. Analyses of CD8(+) T cell responses to EBV latent cycle Ags showed delayed detection and lower frequencies of latent epitope-specific CD8(+) T cell responses during acute EBV infection, with maintenance of these responses 1 yr post-EBV infection. Early BMLF-1 and EBNA-3A epitope-specific CD8(+) T cell frequencies did not correlate with their frequencies at 1 yr postinfection. Interestingly, populations of EBV-specific CD8(+) T cells were stable during 20 mo in our long term EBV-seropositive populations, suggesting homeostasis between virus and the host immune system. This study demonstrates that CD8(+) T cell repertoires generated during persistent viral infections are not simply reflective of the initial pool of CD8(+) T cells and provides evidence that the generation of CD8(+) T cell responses to a persistent infection is a dynamic process.
Addition Reaction of 1,4-Dibromo-2,5-piperazinedione with 3,4-Dihydro-2<i>H</i>-pyran (1986)

Abstract Reaction of 1,4-dibromo-2,5-piperazinedione (1) with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (2) under irradiation gave 1 : 1 and 1 : 2-addition products (3,4) and corresponding secondary products (5–7). The adducts were considered to be produced separately by photoinduced free radical addition as well as concomitant ionic addition reactions.
Matrix/sample interactions in ultraviolet laser‐desorption of proteins (1991)

Abstract Examination, by optical microscopy, of the matrix/analyte morphology of a sample propared from a droplet in matrix‐assisted UV laser‐desorption mass spectrometry (MUVLDMS) reveals that the matrix crystallizes to a large extent, thus altering the concentration of the material in regions on the surface from that of the bulk applied solution. Microscopy reveals that vanillic acid and to a lesser extent nicotinic acid matrices form prominent crystalline rings around the dried sample spot while sinapic acid forms a more uniform dispersion of the crystallized matrix. Insulin analyte investigated in this report tendss to form a thin isotropic phase in the center of the drops. The first reported use of a KrF excimer laser (249 nm) in MUVLDMS is also discussed.
A subscriber line interface processor for asynchronous transfer mode switching system (1990)

A subscriber line interface processor (A-LIP), which connects a conventional analog telephone line to a port on an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switching network through the contention control circuit, has been developed. The functions and circuit structure of the A-LIP chip designed to enhance the efficiency of ATM transmission, a divider added to the digital signal processor in a pipeline processing environment, and a cell data addressing scheme for transferring data between memory and input/output buffers without interfering with pipeline processing are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>