gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DaaS: DDoS Mitigation-as-a-Service (2011)

DaaS is a service that protects a server against all 3 types of Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS), arbitrary packet, legit user-mimicking and economic attacks. For arbitrary packet DDoS defense, DaaS's framework facilitates harness of intermediaries that relay traffic to a server so that their total resource exceeds those of DDoS bots. For legit user-mimicking DDoS defense, DaaS's unique self-verifying Proof-of-Work (sPoW) empowers a sender to compete with bots by solving a more difficult sPoW puzzle to discover a more obscure "ephemeral" intermediary channel that has been designated to relay a single connection to its desired destination. For economic DDoS (eDDoS) defense (protection against DDoS stretching a server's metered-resource to inflate utilization charges), obscure ephemeral channels force bots to continuously expend resource to discover them before the bots can trigger channel utilization billing. Although neither using intermediaries nor PoW is new, DaaS represents a leap forward because: (1) DaaS framework tackles the incentive issue of harnessing intermediary resource to a volume sufficient for arbitrary packet DDoS defense, an issue ignored by existing work, and (2) sPoW protects against eDDoS, which conventional PoWs cannot, servers are billed, in principle, for only legitimate traffic relayed with bot traffic quietly discarded.
Artificial Neural Network for the Prediction of Tyrosine-Based Sorting Signal Recognition by Adaptor Complexes (2012)

Sorting of transmembrane proteins to various intracellular compartments depends on specific signals present within their cytosolic domains. Among these sorting signals, the tyrosine-based motif (YXXØ) is one of the best characterized and is recognized by μ-subunits of the four clathrin-associated adaptor complexes (AP-1 to AP-4). Despite their overlap in specificity, each μ-subunit has a distinct sequence preference dependent on the nature of the X-residues. Moreover, combinations of these residues exert cooperative or inhibitory effects towards interaction with the various APs. This complexity makes it impossible to predict a priori, the specificity of a given tyrosine-signal for a particular μ-subunit. Here, we describe the results obtained with a computational approach based on the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) paradigm that addresses the issue of tyrosine-signal specificity, enabling the prediction of YXXØ-μ interactions with accuracies over 90%. Therefore, this approach constitutes a powerful tool to help predict mechanisms of intracellular protein sorting.
The Crusader World (2015)

PART I: RESEARCH AND SOURCES PART II: IDEOLOGY AND CRUSADE PART III: KNIGHTHOOD AND WARFARE PART IV: THE LATIN EAST PART V: MEDIEVAL BYZANTIUM PART VI: MEETING ISLAM PART VII: The Crusader West PART VIII ART AND LITERATURE
WaveNetEQ — Packet Loss Concealment with WaveRNN (2020)

We present WaveNetEQ, a novel packet loss concealment method based on a WaveRNN architecture. The model is conditioned on a log-mel spectrogram of the past signal to extract slow moving features, like voice characteristics and prosody and achieves significantly better quality than pattern based methods for medium and long term packet loss. Through aggressive sparsification the model is efficient enough to run on a phone.
SQL-based heuristics for selected KDD tasks over large data sets (2012)

We investigate how to use the scripts with automatically generated fast-performing analytic SQL statements to speed up the KDD-related tasks of attribute selection and decision tree induction. We base our framework on the entity-attribute-value data model in order to seamlessly scale the required queries with respect to the amounts of attributes involved in the given task's specification. We note that the considered tasks can be heuristically handled using the same class of aggregation queries, where the most promising attributes and splits are searched by analyzing diversity of aggregated results grouped by decision. We also outline our plans with respect to creation of a large-scale framework for evaluating the proposed heuristics against real-world data.
Ion engine endurance testing at high background pressures (1992)

Ion engine endurance testing at vacuum chamber pressures in the low 10 exp -3 Pa range is enabled through the use of a three-grid accelerator system with the decelerator grid biased 50 to 100 volts negative of neutralizer cathode potential. The negative decelerator grid serves to collect the facility induced charge exchange ion current which normally results in rapid erosion of the accelerator grid during testing at elevated vacuum chamber pressures. This screen, accelerator, negative decelerator (SAND) grid configuration enables an order of magnitude reduction in vacuum chamber pumping speeds relative to that required for endurance testing of ion engines with conventional two-grid accelerator systems. A 900-hr test of a 30-cm diameter engine at 6.5 kW and a tank pressure of 3.7 x 10 exp -3 Pa was performed to test the feasibility of the three-grid SAND accelerator system technology. Grid erosion rates from this test are compared to those from a 200-hr test performed with the same discharge chamber, in the same test facility, and at the same background pressure with a conventional two grid accelerator system. The SAND optics resulted in greater than a factor of 100 reduction in accelerator grid erosion rate relative to the two-grid system.
Suicide as psychache : a clinical approach to self-destructive behavior (1993)

is an important book that no suicidologist should be without. In it, the author, Edwin S. Shneidman, brings together work he undertook and completed between 1971 and 1993. This work includes an empirical study, some single case studies, some theoretical think pieces, and some suggestions for psychotherapy. In this volume, Suicide as Psychache: A Clinical Approach to Self-Destructive Behavior, Shneidman introduces the concept of psychache, adding to the existing vocabulary on suicide to which he has contributed so generously. Shneidman defines psychache as the hurt, anguish, soreness, aching, psychological pain in the mind. Suicide occurs, he says, when the person experiencing the psychache deems the pain unbearable, suicide having to do with differences in individual thresholds for enduring psychological pain. Other concepts that bear Shneidman's imprint include suicidology, psychological autopsy, postvention, subintentional death, and postself.
Oxidation and weight loss characteristics of commercial phosphate esters (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation and weight loss characteristics of commercial phosphate estersSundeep G. Shankwalkar and Douglas G. PlacekCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1992, 31, 7, 1810–1813Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00007a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00007a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Fat Controller: Adipocyte Development (2012)

Obesity is a condition characterized by excess adipose tissue that results from positive energy balance and is the most common metabolic disorder in the industrialized world. The obesity epidemic shows no sign of slowing, and it is increasingly a global problem. Serious clinical problems associated with obesity include an increased risk for type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Hence, understanding the origin and development of adipocytes and adipose tissue will be critical to the analysis and treatment of metabolic diseases. Historically, albeit incorrectly, adipocytes were thought to be inert cells whose singular function was lipid storage. It is now known that adipocytes have other critical functions; the most important include sensitivity to insulin and the ability to produce and secrete adipocyte-specific endocrine hormones that regulate energy homeostasis in other tissues. Today, adipocytes are recognized as critical regulators of whole-body metabolism and known to be involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of metabolic diseases. All cells come from other cells and many cells arise from precursor cells. Adipocytes are not created from other adipocytes, but they arise from precursor cells. In the last two decades, scientists have discovered the function of many proteins that influence the ability of precursor cells to become adipocytes. If the expansion of the adipose tissue is the problem, it seems logical that adipocyte development inhibitors could be a viable anti-obesity therapeutic. However, factors that block adipocyte development and limit adipocyte expansion also impair metabolic health. This notion may be counterintuitive, but several lines of evidence support the idea that blocking adipocyte development is unhealthy. For this reason it is clear that we need a better understanding of adipocyte development.
Tuning PID controllers for integratingprocesses (1997)

The paper extends the frequency domain PID controller design method, first proposed by the authors in an earlier paper, by presenting a comprehensive treatment of integrating processes. The general class of integrating processes is divided into two types, based on the sign of the second coefficient of the Taylor-series expansion applied to the stable part of the process transfer function. In both cases, the closed-loop performance is specified in terms of the desired control-signal trajectory scaled with respect to the magnitude of this coefficient. In addition, explicit PID tuning rules are given, for integrating plus delay processes along with their associated gain and phase margins and allowable time delay variations.
ENERGY SAVING SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR (SIMULATION OF POWER ASSISTANT SYSTEM WITH ACCUMULATOR) (2005)

In this study we investigate development of energy saving system for hydraulic excavator. In the system an accumulator storages power when energy exceeds and assists necessary power which is required by the actuators. As a first step of the study, simulation program of the system is developed. By using the simulation program it is expected that the static and dynamic performance is easily grasped. And it will contribute to the rationalization of the system design. In this paper, the validity of the energy saving system is evaluated.
The impact of private long-term care insurance on claimants: formal and informal care in the community. (2002)

Policy makers show continuing interest in the potential for long-term care (LTC) insurance to save public money by reducing pressure on the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Although the purchase of LTC insurance is being encouraged by government - through tax incentives and the offering of private LTC insurance as an option for public employees - little is known about how benefits are used, whether those claiming benefits feel they are getting good value for their money, and whether the patterns of formal (paid) and informal (unpaid) service use differ for insurance claimants compared to similarly disabled persons without private LTC insurance. This brief provides information on older people claiming LTC insurance benefits and compares their experiences to those of non-privately insured older people who need LTC. We conclude that LTC insurance is an important source of support for those who lack informal support from family and friends. However, LTC insurance remains a complex product; claimants need help in using their benefits to obtain the appropriate level and quality of care and in understanding at the time of purchase how much protection they need.
Long-term Study of Posterior Capsular Opacification Prevention With Endocapsular Equator Rings in Humans (2011)

The 9.5-mm E-ring, which fit all eyes, prevented PCO in human eyes 2 to 7 years postoperatively.
Effect of natalizumab treatment on soluble adhesion molecules (2009)

Introduction: Natalizumab (Tysabri) is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). This humanized antibody binds directly at the α4-integrin subunit of the adhesion molecule (AM) very late activation antigen-4 (VLA-4) and thus leads to an inhibition of immune cell extravasation across the blood brain barrier. This consecutively results in a reduced inflammation of the central nervous system.
Evaluating adaptive cruise control strategies in worst-case scenarios (2011)

This paper is concerned with safety in (cooperative) adaptive cruise control systems. In these systems, the speed of the cars is maintained automatically, based on the preferred speed of the driver and the speed of the preceding car. Technologies that are used in these systems, such as radar and radio communication, introduce many factors of uncertainty in the system. In this paper, we present models for different adaptive cruise control strategies, in which this uncertainty is explicitly modelled. By simulating emergency braking situations under these uncertain circumstances, we find the minimal safe time headway for these strategies.
Identification of design errors through functional testing (2003)

Verification of the functionality of VHDL specifications is one of the primary and most time consuming tasks of design. However, it must necessarily be an incomplete task because it is impossible to completely exercise the specification by exhaustively applying all input patterns. We present a two-step strategy based on symbolic analysis of the VHDL specification, using a behavioral error model. First, we generate a reduced number of functional test vectors for each process of the specification by using a new analysis metric which we call bit coverage. The error model based on this metric allows the identification of possible design errors represented by redundancies in the VHDL code. Then, through the definition of a controllability measure, we verify if these functional test vectors can be applied to the process inputs when it is interconnected to other processes. If this is not the case, the analysis of the nonapplicable inputs provides identification of possible design errors due to erroneous interconnections. The bit-coverage provides complete statement, condition and branch coverage; and we experimentally show that it allows the identification of possible design errors. Identification and removal of design errors improves the global testability of a design.
Intellectual Property Protection in Additive Layer Manufacturing (2014)

Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) is a new technology to produce 3D objects adding layer by layer. Agencies and companies like NASA, ESA, and SpaceX are exploring a broad range of application areas of ALM, which includes printing of device components, replacement parts, houses, and even food. They expect that this technology will greatly reduce production costs, manufacturing time, and necessary storage space. The broad variety of application areas and the high grade of computerization of this manufacturing process will inevitably make ALM an attractive target of various attacks.
Development of grain misorientation texture, in terms of coincident site lattice structures, as a function of thermomechanical treatments (1989)

Abstract Microtexture (i.e. grain-specific) measurements have been made from grains both before and after grain growth in an austenitic stainless steel. Such measurements allow computation of grain misorientation texture in terms of the proportions of coincident site lattice (CSL) boundaries. After 2% postrecrystallization strain the grain growth is surface initiated in this alloy, and so, during the grain growth incubation period to, data were acquired just from those grains contiguous with the free surface. A clear trend emerged that the proportion and clustering of CSLs (particularly ‘special’ types which tend to have higher than average mobilities) increased both during to and after to when grains were actually growing. The CSL fractions were consistently greater for surface than for interior grains. It is therefore proposed that firstly the clustering of CSLs at surface grains is instrumental in the initiation of anomalous grain growth and secondly the nature of the grain misorientation texture after substantial anomalous growth was found to be a function of the precise thermochemical treatment. Thus it becomes feasible to exploit the link between CSL fraction and processing route in order to obtain a grain-boundary population of predetermined misorientation, and therefore to obtain some control over boundary properties.
Synthetic and stereochemical studies of the octahydro-1-benzopyran system (1988)

The cis and trans isomers of the octahydro-1-benzopyran system have been synthesised and their conformations studied by low-temperature 13C and highfield 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy. The position of the conformational equilibrium in the cis isomer at –70 °C in CDCl3–CFCl3(50 : 50) has been determined as approximately 99.5 : 0.5 (ΔG0–8.9 kJ mol–1) in favour of the conformation having the oxygen axially disposed towards the cyclohexane ring.
Valuing Credit Derivatives Using an Implied Copula Approach (2006)

Credit derivatives are among the most important new financial instruments, but also among the most complicated. Each individual issuer is continuously exposed to default risk, and default intensity looking forward is not constant. It typically has a term structure, as revealed in the CDS market. A portfolio of risky bonds, as in a CDO, aggregates the individual risks, and now the correlations among them also become important. CDO tranches then redistribute and split up this aggregate exposure among a set of new securities. Evaluating the resulting tranche exposures requires a model for the individual default risks and their correlations, but even in the industry-standard Gaussian copula model, the problem is computationally intractable without heroic simplifying assumptions. The plainest vanilla model assumes correlations are equal for all pairs of credits. Then, analogous to the way an implied volatility can be extracted from an option9s market price, the implied correlation can be extracted from a CDO tranche price. But, as with implied volatility, the resulting tranche correlations differ widely for different tranches, leading to the use of „base correlation,” a different implied correlation concept. Base correlation is still inconsistent with the model it is derived from, but it is not quite as badly behaved as tranche correlations. In this article, Hull and White offer an alternative approach that considerably reduces the inconsistencies in calibrating a copula to a set of CDO tranche prices. The secret is to make default intensities and recovery rates stochastic, rather than requiring a single value. By imposing the restrictions that the single-name CDS and the CDO tranches must all be priced by the model just as they are in the market, and that the probabilities for the set of possible individual default intensities must sum to 1 and exhibit maximum smoothness, Hull and White are able to imply tranche correlations that are much better behaved than the standard approach. The last part of the article extends their procedure in a number of directions, to nonstandard attachment points, bespoke portfolios, and CDO-squared securities. <b>TOPICS:</b>Credit default swaps, credit risk management, CLOs, CDOs, and other structured credit
Differences in Chronotropic and Dromotropic Responses of the SA and AV Nodes to Adenosine and Acetylcholine (1972)

It is well known that adenosine produces a deceleration of sinus rate though not so prominent while a high grade AV block is seen in the guinea-pig. In the dog the sinus rate is so considerably retarded by adenosine that the action upon the AV conduction is not appreciated on rough examination (Drury and Szent-Gyorgyi 1929) (1). In the present study, selective perfusion systems of the sinus and AV node arteries were arranged (2). The double perfusion method has been described in a previous paper (3). Effects of adenodine on the AV conductivity in comparison with those on the automaticity of the SA or AV node were examined.
Pregabalin and dexamethasone in combination with paracetamol for postoperative pain control after abdominal hysterectomy. A randomized clinical trial (2009)

Combinations of paracetamol and pregabalin, or paracetamol, pregabalin and dexamethasone did not reduce morphine consumption and pain score compared with paracetamol alone for patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Dexamethasone reduced nausea, vomiting and use of ondansetron.
Using a Chatbot to Prevent Identity Fraud By Social Engineering (2009)

Social engineering is a threat that is expanding and threatens organisations existence. A social engineer can get hold of crucial business information that is vital for the organisation and by this threaten the organisation. To prevent successful fraud attempts the organisations need to educate their employees about social engineering fraud techniques that can be used for gaining information. Hence, information security education needs new educational approaches to cope with the threats. A solution to the problem is the use of an automated chatbot that gives the employees knowledge about a threat that is difficult to spot. To understand if an automated chatbot is a possible solution to educate the users, an investigation about the applicability is conducted. The investigation is based on a survey that compares traditional security education that is based on reading a written informational text and the use of an automated chatbot that simulates a fraud attempt with the purpose to steal an identity. The education with the automated chatbot is to be exposed to an identity fraud attempt in a controlled environment and then get an explanation of what have happened and way. The automated chatbot is developed with a fraud attempt that looks like a normal market research approach, the market research where conducted with question that gather information that is important for identity thefts. The result of the investigation shows that it may be possible to use an automated chatbot for educating in social engineering fraud attacks. However there is still a need to solve several major problems before there are possible to make sure the concept is fully feasible.
Wafer probe test cost reduction of an RF/A device by automatic testset minimization &#x2014; A case study (2011)

This work presents a case study of wafer probe test cost reduction by multivariate parametric testset optimization for a production RF/A device. More than 1.5 million tested device samples across dozens lots and hundreds of parametric measurements are analyzed using a new automatic testset minimization system. Parametric test subsets are found that can be used to predict infrequent wafer probe failures. Multivariate test models are generated to justify removal of ineffective tests, screen failures with minimal test cost, and demonstrate that some frequently passing tests are safe drop candidates. The proposed method is evaluated using parametric test data from an RF/A IC currently in production, showing how to reduce test cost and uncover tradeoffs between test escapes and overkills during high volume wafer probe screening.