gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of a Dominant-Negative Allele of <i>SEC4</i> Inhibits Growth and Protein Secretion in <i>Candida albicans</i> (1999)

Candida albicans SEC4 was cloned by complementing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae sec4-8 mutation, and its deduced protein product (Sec4p) was 63% identical to S. cerevisiae Sec4p. One chromosomal SEC4 allele in C. albicans CAI4 was readily disrupted by homologous gene targeting, but efforts to disrupt the second allele yielded no viable null mutants. Although this suggested that C. albicans SEC4 was essential, it provided no information about this gene's functions. Therefore, we constructed a mutant sec4 allele encoding an amino acid substitution (Ser-28-->Asn) analogous to the Ser-17-->Asn substitution in a trans-dominant inhibitor of mammalian Ras protein. GAL1-regulated expression plasmids carrying the mutant sec4 allele (pS28N) had minimal effects in glucose-incubated C. albicans transformants, but six of nine transformants tested grew very slowly in galactose. Incubation of pS28N transformants in galactose also inhibited secretion of aspartyl protease (Sap) and caused 90-nm secretory vesicles to accumulate intracellularly, and plasmid curing restored growth and Sap secretion to wild-type levels. These results imply that C. albicans SEC4 is required for growth and protein secretion and that it functions at a later step in the protein secretion pathway than formation of post-Golgi secretory vesicles. They also demonstrate the feasibility of using inducible dominant-negative alleles to define the functions of essential genes in C. albicans.
New Lossen rearrangement precursors. Relative rates of rearrangement of nitrophenyl benzohydroxamates in aqueous base (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Lossen rearrangement precursors. Relative rates of rearrangement of nitrophenyl benzohydroxamates in aqueous baseJ. S. Swenson, A. M. Davis, R. A. Deyo, B. W. Graham, E. P. Jahn, and J. D. MatticeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 22, 3956–3958Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00962a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00962a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Flow Injection/Sequential Injection Analysis Systems: Potential Use as Tools for Rapid Liver Diseases Biomarker Study (2012)

Flow injection/sequential injection analysis (FIA/SIA) systems are suitable for carrying out automatic wet chemical/biochemical reactions with reduced volume and time consumption. Various parts of the system such as pump, valve, and reactor may be built or adapted from available materials. Therefore the systems can be at lower cost as compared to other instrumentation-based analysis systems. Their applications for determination of biomarkers for liver diseases have been demonstrated in various formats of operation but only a few and limited types of biomarkers have been used as model analytes. This paper summarizes these applications for different types of reactions as a guide for using flow-based systems in more biomarker and/or multibiomarker studies.
An approach to improving the structure of error-handling code in the linux kernel (2011)

International audience
Identification of genetic mutations associated with attenuation and changes in tropism of Urabe mumps virus (2008)

Although several effective mumps virus vaccines have been developed, almost nothing is known about the genetic changes responsible for loss of virulence. One vaccine, Urabe AM9, was withdrawn from the market because of insufficient attenuation. The vaccine was found to contain a mixture of viruses that could be distinguished based on the sequence of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene (HN). Viruses containing lysine at HN amino acid position 335 were isolated from cases of post-vaccination parotitis or meningitis whereas viruses containing glutamic acid at this position were not associated with post-vaccination disease. Using a rat based model of mumps neurovirulence, we demonstrate that this latter virus is significantly attenuated compared to a virus isolated from a patient with post-vaccination meningitis. Complete sequence analysis of the genomes of the two viruses identified sixteen genetic differences, some or all of which must be responsible for differences in virulence. These same genetic differences also account for changes in tropism in cell culture.
Wait time prediction (2013)

One of the challenges of organizations providing services to the public is the effective resource allocation. Many service providers such as hospitals, city halls or department of motor vehicles suffer from a service demand, which is unevenly distributed over the day. In this work, we evaluate techniques for predicting the service demand. We use the wait time dataset collected from the websites of California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). We extract patterns of the service demand in form of wait time during each hour of a day and each day of a week. This information is used to train multiple machine learning models in order to predict the future wait time at DMV offices.
Impact of oral bisphenol A at reference doses on intestinal barrier function and sex differences after perinatal exposure in rats (2009)

Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical estrogen widely used in the food-packaging industry and baby bottles, is recovered in human fluids (0.1-10 nM). Recent studies have reported that BPA is hormonally active at low doses, emphasizing the debate of a risk for human health. Estrogen receptors are expressed in the colon, and although the major route of BPA exposure is food, the effects on gut have received no attention. We first examined the endocrine disrupting potency of BPA on colonic paracellular permeability (CPP), experimental colitis, and visceral sensitivity in ovariectomized rats orally exposed to 5 mg/kg/d BPA (i.e., the no observed adverse effect level), 50 microg/kg/d BPA (i.e., tolerable daily intake), or lower doses. BPA dose-dependently decreased basal CPP, with a half-maximal inhibitory dose of 5.2 microg/kg/d, 10-fold below the tolerable daily intake. This correlated with an increase in epithelial tight junction sealing, also observed in Caco-2 cells exposed to 10 nM BPA. When ovariectomized rats were fed with BPA at the no observed adverse effect level, the severity of colitis was reduced, whereas the same dose increased pain sensitivity to colorectal stimuli. We then examined the impact of perinatal exposure to BPA on intestinal permeability and inflammatory response in the offspring. In female rats, but not in male rats, perinatal BPA evoked a decrease of CPP in adulthood, whereas the proinflammatory response of colonic mucosa was strengthened. This study first demonstrates that the xenoestrogen BPA at reference doses influences intestinal barrier function and gut nociception. Moreover, perinatal exposure promotes the development of severe inflammation in adult female offspring only.
Science Priorities for Reducing the Threat of Invasive Species to Sustainable Forestry (2005)

Invasive species pose a major, yet poorly addressed, threat to sustainable forestry. Here we set forth an interdisciplinary science strategy of research, development, and applications to reduce this threat. To spur action by public and private entities that too often are slow, reluctant, or unable to act, we recommend (a) better integrating invasive species into sustainable forestry frameworks such as the Montral Process and forest certification programs; (b) developing improved cost estimates to inform choices about international trade and pest suppression efforts; and (c) building distributed information systems that deliver information on risks, identification, and response strategies. To enhance the success of prevention and management actions, we recommend (a) advancing technologies for molecular identification, expert systems, and remote sensing; (b) evolving approaches for ecosystem and landscape management; and (c) better anticipating interactions between species invasions and other global change processes.
A scheme of choosing DSCLength in cdma2000 1×EV-DO Rev A (2006)

In cdma2000 1×EV-DO Rev A, DSC channel is used to specify the forward link data source which is the serving cell. When an AT perform handoff between two sectors belonging to different cells, the DSC channel can provide an early indication of serving cell change to access network and facilitates seamless cell switching. DSCLength is a key parameter of DSC channel which affects system capacity when AT performing forward serving cell switching. In this paper, we propose a scheme of choosing DSCLength based on analyzing the system capacity performance and the delay caused by handoff with different DSCLength value. The simulation results show that use the DSCLength determined by this scheme can obtain the trade-off between the downlink throughput and uplink capacity, and shorten the handoff-delay at the same time. (4 pages)
Broad Substrate Specificity of Human Cytochrome P450 46A1 Which Initiates Cholesterol Degradation in the Brain (2003)

The known activity of cytochrome P450 46A1 (P450 46A1) is 24(S)-hydroxylation of cholesterol. This reaction produces biologically active oxysterol, 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol, and is also the first step in enzymatic degradation of cholesterol in the brain. We report here that P450 46A1 can further metabolize 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol, giving 24,25- and 24,27-dihydroxycholesterols in both the cell cultures transfected with P450 46A1 cDNA and the in vitro reconstituted system with recombinant enzyme. In addition, P450 46A1 was able to carry out side chain hydroxylations of two endogenous C27-steroids with and without a double bond between C5-C6 (7alpha-hydroxycholesterol and cholestanol, respectively) and introduce a hydroxyl group on the steroid nucleus of the C21-steroid hormones with the C4-C5 double bond (progesterone and testosterone). Also, P450 46A1 was found to metabolize xenobiotics carrying out dextromethorphan O- and N-demethylations, diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation, and phenacetin O-deethylation. Thus, substrate specificities of P450 46A1 are not limited to cholesterol and include a number of structurally diverse compounds. Activities of P450 46A1 suggest that, in addition to the involvement in cholesterol homeostasis in the brain, this enzyme may participate in metabolism of neurosteroids and drugs that can cross the blood-brain barrier and are targeted to the central nervous system.
Biodegradable Nanoparticles of Poly(lactic acid) and Poly(lacto-C0-glycolic acid) for Parenteral Administration (1998)

I. INTRODUCTION Following parenteral administration of drugs, an active substance distributes throughout the body as a function of its physico-chemical properties and molecular structure. The amount of drug reaching the site of action is often only a small fraction of the administered dose. Accumulation at nontarget sites may lead to adverse reactions and undesirable side effects [1]. A way of modifying the original biodistribution of substances is to entrap them in submicroscopic drug carriers. Among such carriers, liposomes (see chapter 2 on liposomes in this volume), polymeric nanoparticles [2], solid lipid nanoparticles [3], and pharmacosomes [4] have been studied. Twenty-five years ago, liposomal formulations were facing stability problems as well as poor drug loading capacities. Therefore, nanoparticles were at that time seen as a promising alternative for targeting substances. Nanoparticles are solid or semisolid colloidal particles ranging in size from 10 to 1000 run [5]. They consist of macromolecular materials and can be used as drug carriers. Polymeric nanoparticles is a collective name for nanospheres and nanocapsules [2] (Fig. 1). Nanospheres have a matrix-type structure. Drugs may be adsorbed at their surface, entrapped in the particle or dissolved in it. Nanocapsules have a polymeric shell and an inner liquid core. In this case, the active substances are usually dissolved in the inner core, but may also be adsorbed at their surface. Nanoparticles can be prepared by polymerization techniques or by dispersion of preformed polymers. For example, preparation of nanoparticles by polymerization of cyanoacrylates has been extensively studied (see chapter 3 in this volume).
Feasibility study of an optically actuated MR-compatible active needle (2011)

An active needle is proposed for the development of MRI guided percutaneous procedures. The needle uses internal laser heating, conducted via optical fibers, of a shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator to produce bending in the distal section of the needle. Active bending of the needle as it is inserted allows it to reach small targets while overcoming the effects of interactions with surrounding tissue, which can otherwise deflect the needle away from its ideal path. The active section is designed to bend preferentially in one direction under actuation, and is also made from SMA for its combination of MR and bio-compatibility and its superelastic bending properties. A prototype, with a size equivalent to standard 16G biopsy needle, exhibits significant bending with a tip rotation of more than 10°. A numerical analysis and experiments provide information concerning the required amount of heating and guidance for design of efficient optical heating systems.
Glucose Utilization (1996)

Abstract The sections in this article are: Molecular Basis for Glucose Transport Family of Glucose Transporters Translocation of Glucose Transporters Intrinsic Activity Fiber‐Type Specific Expression of GLUT 4 Role of Glut4 in Contraction‐Induced Skeletal Muscle Glucose Transport Signaling Mechanisms Involved in Contraction‐Induced Increase in Glucose Transport Regulation of Glucose Utilization in Vivo Glucose Supply Membrane Glucose Transport Capacity Glucose Metabolism Regulation of Glucose Utilization at Rest Regulation of Glucose Utilization During Exercise Effect of Exercise Intensity Effect of Exercise Duration Effect of Exercise Type Alternative Substrates Glucose Utilization During Exercise in Adverse Environment Humoral Regulation of Glucose Utilization During Exercise Effect of Physical Training Status Exercise in States of Altered Glucose Utilization Regulation of Glucose Utilization in the Postexercise State Membrane Glucose Transport Capacity Induced by Contraction Insulin Sensitivity
Studies on the temperature and humidity range for seeding and seedling of Tutcheria kweichowensis Chang et Y.K.Li (2001)

WT5”BZ]By using contralled temperature and humidity, we have carried out a compared experiment for seedling and seedling of Tutcheria kweichowensis Chang et Y.K.Li. The results are as follows. 1), The range of temperature from 20 to 25℃ and humidity 80%～90% is best for seeding and seedlings; 2), After 10～15 days, the seeds begin to germinate with sand gradation store, and their germination rate is 85～93% after 40～50 days; 3), The germinated seeds were sowed in seedbed with a constant temperature of 20℃, The emergence rate after 60 days and growing nursery stock rate after 360 days are 60.7% and 43.7%. This result is valuable and significant to effective utilization and conservation for germ plasma of rare Tutcheria kweichowensis species.
Principles of polymer science (2005)

Preface to the Second Edition / Preface to the First Edition / General Introduction / Synthesis of Polymers (Polymerization techniques, kinetics of polymerization and methods of polymerization) / Polymer Analysis and Characterization / Behavior of Polymers (Crystalline, thermal, dilute solution, rheological and chemical) / Polymer Technology / Natural Polymers / Inorganic Polymers / Specialty Polymers / Appendices / Index.
Design, synthesis and biological activity of <i>N</i><sup>4</sup>-phenylsubstituted-7<i>H</i>-pyrrolo[2,3-<i>d</i>]pyrimidin-4-amines as dual inhibitors of aurora kinase A and epidermal growth factor receptor kinase (2017)

Simultaneous inhibition of multiple kinases has been suggested to provide synergistic effects on inhibition of tumour growth and resistance. This study describes the design, synthesis and evaluation of 18 compounds incorporating a pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold for dual inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase (EGFR) and aurora kinase A (AURKA). Compounds 1-18 of this study demonstrate nanomolar inhibition of EGFR and micromolar inhibition of AURKA. Compounds 1-18 allow for a structure-activity relationships (SAR) analysis of the 4-anilino moiety for dual EGFR and AURKA inhibition. Compound 6, a 4-methoxyphenylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine, demonstrates single-digit micromolar inhibition of both AURKA and EGFR and provides evidence of a single molecule with dual activity against EGFR and AURKA. Compound 2, the most potent inhibitor of EGFR and AURKA from this series, has been further evaluated in four different squamous cell head and neck cancer cell lines for downstream effects resulting from AURKA and EGFR inhibition.
An open source print management system that works (2004)

At Colorado State University, the engineering computing labs were running up huge printing costs due to excessive printing. We looked into several commercial print quota solutions that were quite pricey and limited in capability. We wanted something cheap (who doesn't?) and available across several computing platforms. The open source option we settled on consists of a print daemon (LPRng), Samba, a custom accounting script written in Perl, MySQL, Sendmail, and the print filter IFHP. In addition to our command-line administration utilities, we've developed a web-based administration system that uses Apache and PHP as a scripting language. The web-based system greatly simplifies our administration needs. Our system currently runs on the Linux platform, but could conceivably run on any Unix or Unix-like flavor. Our conglomeration of code bases satisfies all our requirements, and we have realized a large decrease in costs, as well as an associated increase in intelligent printing practices on the part of users. In this paper, we will outline the components of the PQuota system, how they interact, and their role in fulfilling our objectives of cost effectiveness, cross platform availability and ease of use for both administrators and users as well as low user impact.
A Comprehensive Model of High-Rate Matrix-Acid Stimulation for Long Horizontal Wells in Carbonate Reservoirs: Part I—Scaling Up Core-Level Acid Wormholing to Field Treatments (2011)

Summary Matrix-acidizing models have traditionally underpredicted acid-stimulation benefits because of underprediction of wormhole penetration and the corresponding magnitude of completion-skin factors in vertical wells. For long horizontal wells drilled in carbonate reservoirs, productivity enhancement is a function of acid placement and effective wormhole penetration. However, prediction of wormhole penetration requires more effective analysis than that provided by current industry models. This paper presents results of matrix-acid modeling work for horizontal wells and describes a practical engineering tool for analyzing the progress of matrix-acid stimulation in carbonate reservoirs. The wormhole-growth model is based on the Buijse and Glasbergen empirical correlation. Combining with the mechanistic model of the wormhole propagation based on acid transport and fluid loss from a single wormhole, a modified Buijse-Glasbergen wormhole-growth model is developed that relates the wormhole growth rate to the in-situ injection velocity at the tip of the dominant wormhole. The wormhole constitutive model developed in this study also accounts for core-size dependencies seen in laboratory acid-flood experiments. A semianalytical flow correlation is derived for estimating interstitial velocities at the tip of the dominant wormholes based on a number of 3D FEM simulation analyses, accounting for more realistic flow regimes (radial and spherical flow) typically observed in field application. The scaleup procedure developed in this study extends the wormhole geometry and penetration from laboratory flow tests on small cores to field-sized treatments. The scaleup procedure developed in this work can be applied to cemented and uncemented horizontal wells, including barefoot and perforation-cluster completions typically employed in carbonate reservoirs. Application of this modeling shows that acid wormholing through carbonate formations can provide significant stimulation, resulting in post-stimulation skins as low as–3.5 to–4.0 vs. previously predicted values in the –1.0 to–2.0 range.
Pramlintide and the treatment of diabetes: a review of the data since its introduction (2011)

Pramlintide significantly reduces hemoglobin A(1c) and body weight in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Newer research is focusing on weight loss effects of pramlintide and pramlintide plus metreleptin in nondiabetic obese individuals. Preliminary results of these studies are discussed.
Improved high-frequency current approximation for curved conducting surfaces (1985)

Probleme de la diffusion (diffraction) d'ondes electromagnetiques par des corps parfaitement conducteurs de dimensions grandes par rapport a la longueur d'onde. Derivation d'un courant de correction a l'approximation de l'optique physique tenant compte de la courbure des surfaces lisses. Application a l'analyse de la reflexion speculaire bistatique
Orthographic Processing in Baboons ( <i>Papio papio</i> ) (2012)

Skilled readers use information about which letters are where in a word (orthographic information) in order to access the sounds and meanings of printed words. We asked whether efficient processing of orthographic information could be achieved in the absence of prior language knowledge. To do so, we trained baboons to discriminate English words from nonsense combinations of letters that resembled real words. The results revealed that the baboons were using orthographic information in order to efficiently discriminate words from letter strings that were not words. Our results demonstrate that basic orthographic processing skills can be acquired in the absence of preexisting linguistic representations.