gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Knockout of Na-glucose transporter SGLT2 attenuates hyperglycemia and glomerular hyperfiltration but not kidney growth or injury in diabetes mellitus (2012)

The Na-glucose cotransporter SGLT2 mediates high-capacity glucose uptake in the early proximal tubule and SGLT2 inhibitors are developed as new antidiabetic drugs. We used gene-targeted Sglt2 knockout (Sglt2(-/-)) mice to elucidate the contribution of SGLT2 to blood glucose control, glomerular hyperfiltration, kidney growth, and markers of renal growth and injury at 5 wk and 4.5 mo after induction of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) diabetes. The absence of SGLT2 did not affect renal mRNA expression of glucose transporters SGLT1, NaGLT1, GLUT1, or GLUT2 in response to STZ. Application of STZ increased blood glucose levels to a lesser extent in Sglt2(-/-) vs. wild-type (WT) mice (∼300 vs. 470 mg/dl) but increased glucosuria and food and fluid intake to similar levels in both genotypes. Lack of SGLT2 prevented STZ-induced glomerular hyperfiltration but not the increase in kidney weight. Knockout of SGLT2 attenuated the STZ-induced renal accumulation of p62/sequestosome, an indicator of impaired autophagy, but did not attenuate the rise in renal expression of markers of kidney growth (p27 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen), oxidative stress (NADPH oxidases 2 and 4 and heme oxygenase-1), inflammation (interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), fibrosis (fibronectin and Sirius red-sensitive tubulointerstitial collagen accumulation), or injury (renal/urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin). SGLT2 deficiency did not induce ascending urinary tract infection in nondiabetic or diabetic mice. The results indicate that SGLT2 is a determinant of hyperglycemia and glomerular hyperfiltration in STZ-induced diabetes mellitus but is not critical for the induction of renal growth and markers of renal injury, inflammation, and fibrosis.
Synthesis of Novel Porous Magnetic Silica Microspheres as Adsorbents for Isolation of Genomic DNA (2006)

An improved procedure is described for preparation of novel mesoporous microspheres consisting of magnetic nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in a silica matrix. The method is based on a three-step process, involving (i) formation of hematite/silica composite microspheres by urea-formaldehyde polymerization, (ii) calcination of the composite particles to remove the organic constituents, and (iii) in situ transformation of the iron oxide in the composites by hydrogen reductive reaction. The as-synthesized magnetite/silica composite microspheres were nearly monodisperse, mesoporous, and magnetizable, with as typical values an average diameter of 3.5 microm, a surface area of 250 m(2)/g, a pore size of 6.03 nm, and a saturation magnetization of 9.82 emu/g. These magnetic particles were tested as adsorbents for isolation of genomic DNA from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and maize kernels. The results are quite encouraging as the magnetic particle based protocols lead to the extraction of genomic DNA with satisfactory integrity, yield, and purity. Being hydrophilic in nature, the porous magnetic silica microspheres are considered a good alternative to polystyrene-based magnetic particles for use in biomedical applications where nonspecific adsorption of biomolecules is to be minimized.
Propeller Synchrophase Angle Optimization of Turboprop-Driven Aircraft—An Experimental Investigation (2014)

Propeller synchrophasing is an effective way of reducing interior noise and vibration of turboprop-driven aircraft. However, synchrophasing has achieved limited success in practice for the reason that the predetermined phase angles are not acoustically optimized for maximum noise reduction during all flight conditions. An investigation has been conducted out which includes two folds: first, the noise vector based on laboratory experimental data has been modeled and second, optimal phase to acquire minimum noise is obtained via optimization search. An improved identification method of vector noise model which can be less dependent to noise phase message is presented. Compared with traditional methods, this method can greatly reduce the real-time requirement between phase optimization model and control model or sound acquiring model, so it can eliminate the influence which communication delay brings on identification precision. A synchrophasing experimental platform is established to verify the vector noise modeling. It adopts two propellers-driven servo motors to simulate the interior noise environment of the aircraft. The influence of the date sampling condition on identification is also researched. Ant colony optimization with two improvements is applied to phase optimization of four propellers. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm requires much less calculation.
[Effects of Xue-Bi-Jing combined with forsythia suspension on the liver gene expression levels of rats with sepsis model]. (2011)

"XUE BI JING plus forsythia suspension" can reduce the mortality of rats with sepsis, which could be due to the expression of relative regulation genes.
Problems (1961)

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Adsorption of DNA on clay minerals: protection against DNaseI and influence on gene transfer (1992)

Numerous authors have investigated DNA relationships with sandy soil. A model composed of various DNAs adsorbed on montmorillonite clay was developed to assay enzyme (DNaseI) activity on clay-adsorbed nucleic acids. The extent of DNA adsorption was affected by the concentration and valency of the cations used (Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+), indicating a charge-dependent process. Calf thymus DNA was found to be highly adsorbed by smectite (up to 30 mg g−1 of dry clay). Adsorbed DNA was shown to be more resistant to degradation by DNaseI than free DNA. Experimental data with plasmid and short linear amplified (through polymerase chain reaction) DNA showed that protection against nucleases was only partial. Nevertheless, clay-adsorbed DNA was found to be still able, even after a strong DNaseI treatment, to artificially transform competent Escherichia coli cells. The results show that persistance of DNA and gene transfer by genetic transformation may occur in soil.
Chlorine-Induced In Situ Regulation to Synthesize Graphene Frameworks with Large Specific Area for Excellent Supercapacitor Performance (2016)

Three-dimensional (3D) graphene frameworks are usually limited by a complicated preparation process and a low specific surface area. This paper presents a facile suitable approach to effectively synthesize 3D graphene frameworks (GFs) with large specific surface area (up to 1018 m(2) g(-1)) through quick thermal decomposition from sodium chloroacetate, which are considerably larger than those of sodium acetate reported in our recent study. The chlorine element in sodium chloroacetate may possess a strong capability to induce in situ activation and regulate graphene formation during pyrolysis in one step. These GFs can be applied as excellent electrode materials for supercapacitors and can achieve an enhanced supercapacitor performance with a specific capacitance of 266 F g(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A g(-1).
Structure of the Antimicrobial Peptide Tritrpticin Bound to Micelles:  A Distinct Membrane-Bound Peptide Fold<sup>,</sup> (1999)

Tritrpticin is a member of the cathelicidin family, a group of diverse antimicrobial peptides found in neutrophil granules. The three Trp and four Arg residues in the sequence VRRFPWWWPFLRR make this a Trp-rich cationic peptide. The structure of tritrpticin bound to membrane-mimetic sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles has been determined using conventional two-dimensional NMR methods. It forms two adjacent turns around the two Pro residues, a distinct fold for peptide-membrane interaction. The first turn involves residues 4-7, followed immediately by a second well-defined 3(10)-helical turn involving residues 8-11. The hydrophobic residues are clustered together and are clearly separated from the basic Arg residues, resulting in an amphipathic structure. Favorable interactions between the unusual amphipathic fold and the micelle surface are probably key to determining the peptide structure. NMR studies of the peptide in the micelle in the presence of the spin-label 5-doxylstearic acid determined that tritrpticin lies near the surface of the micelle, where its many aromatic side chains appear to be equally partitioned into the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface. Additional fluorescence studies confirmed that the tryptophan residues are inserted into the micelle and are partially protected from the effects of the soluble fluorescence quencher acrylamide.
Recombinant Growth Differentiation Factor-9 (GDF-9) Enhances Growth and Differentiation of Cultured Early Ovarian Follicles* (1999)

Transgenic mice with deletion of the GDF-9 (growth differentiation factor-9) gene are characterized by the arrest of ovarian follicle development at the primary stage. Based on the hypothesis that GDF-9 is important for early follicle development, we isolated rat GDF-9 complementary DNA (cDNA) and generated recombinant GDF-9 protein to study its physiological role. Using bacteria-derived GDF-9-glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, specific antibodies to the mature form of GDF-9 was generated. Immunohistochemical staining of ovarian sections indicated the localization of GDF-9 protein in the oocyte of primary, secondary and preantral follicles, whereas immunoblotting demonstrated the secretion of GDF-9 by mammalian cells transfected with GDF-9 cDNAs. Recombinant GDF-9 was shown to be an N-glycosylated protein capable of stimulating early follicle development. Growth of preantral follicles isolated from immature rats was enhanced by treatment with either GDF-9 or FSH whereas the combined treatment showed an additive effect. In addition, treatment with GDF-9, like forskolin, also stimulated inhibin-alpha content in explants of neonatal ovaries. In contrast, the stimulatory effects of GDF-9 were not mimicked by amino-terminal tagged GDF-9 that was apparently not bioactive. Thus, the present study demonstrates the important role of GDF-9 in early follicle growth and differentiation. The availability of recombinant bioactive GDF-9 allows future studies on the physiological role of GDF-9 in ovarian development in vivo.
Gate oxide conductivity of polysilicon thin film transistors (2002)

Conductivity investigations of thin film oxides grown on polysilicon are presented. It is shown that hydrogenation of underlined polysilicon with ion implantation of hydrogen through gate oxide layers essentially influence the oxides conductivity. In comparison with nonimplanted oxides, a few volts higher gate voltages for increased current injection and for higher Fowler-Nordheim effective tunneling barriers are obtained.
Diamond Metal–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor With Breakdown Voltage Over 1.5 kV (2014)

A diamond metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET) with a Pt Schottky gate was fabricated. The MESFET exhibited clear saturation and pinchoff characteristics. The drain current of the MESFET operated at 300 °C was 20 times higher than that at room temperature due to the activation of acceptors. The breakdown voltage was highly dependent on the gate-drain length and reached 1.5 kV at a gate-drain length of 30 μm, which is the highest reported for a diamond FET.
Tutorial Compression? Yes, But for Low or High Frequencies, for Low or High Intensities, and with What Response Times? (1996)

Several rationales for using compression in hearing aids are outlined. These rationales comprise discomfort avoidance, loudness normalization, noise reduction, short term signal dynamic range reduction, empirically determined compression, and long-term signal dynamic range reduction. The compression systems needed to implement each of these differ greatly, and these differences can be viewed as differences in the frequency range undergoing most compression, the intensity range undergoing most compression, and the speed at which the compressor(s) operate. A classification system along these lines is introduced and examples of currently available hearing aids falling into each category are given. The effects of each type of compression on speech intelligibility is investigated via a review of published research. The results of this indicate that, for speech in quiet at a comfortable level, no compression scheme yet tested offers better intelligibility than individually selected linear amplification. If input level is then decreased and the aid wearer is prevented from adjusting the volume control, many types of compression provide intelligibility superior to that available from linear amplification. In broadband noise, only one system, containing wideband compression followed by fast acting high-frequency compression, has so far been shown to provide significant intelligibility advantages.
CF<sub>3</sub>CFCH<sub>2</sub>and (Z)-CF<sub>3</sub>CFCHF: temperature dependent OH rate coefficients and global warming potentials (2007)

Rate coefficients over the temperature range 206-380 K are reported for the gas-phase reaction of OH radicals with 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (CF(3)CF=CH(2)), k(1)(T), and 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene ((Z)-CF(3)CF=CHF), k(2)(T), which are major components in proposed substitutes for HFC-134a (CF(3)CFH(2)) in mobile air-conditioning units. Rate coefficients were measured under pseudo-first-order conditions in OH using pulsed-laser photolysis to produce OH and laser-induced fluorescence to detect it. Rate coefficients were found to be independent of pressure between 25 and 600 Torr (He, N(2)). For CF(3)CF=CH(2), the rate coefficients, within the measurement uncertainty, are given by the Arrhenius expression k(1)(T)=(1.26+/-0.11) x 10(-12) exp[(-35+/-10)/T] cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) where k(1)(296 K)=(1.12+/-0.09) x 10(-12) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). For (Z)-CF(3)CF=CHF, the rate coefficients are given by the non-Arrhenius expression k(2)(T)=(1.6+/-0.2) x 10(-18)T(2) exp[(655+/-50)/T] cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) where k(2)(296 K)=(1.29+/-0.06) x 10(-12) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). Over the temperature range most relevant to the atmosphere, 200-300 K, the Arrhenius expression k(2)(T)=(7.30+/-0.7) x 10(-13) exp[(165+/-20)/T] cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) reproduces the measured rate coefficients very well and can be used in atmospheric model calculations. The quoted uncertainties in the rate coefficients are 2sigma (95% confidence interval) and include estimated systematic errors. The global warming potentials for CF(3)CF=CH(2) and (Z)-CF(3)CF=CHF were calculated to be <4.4 and <3.6, respectively, for the 100 year time horizon using infrared absorption cross sections measured in this work, and atmospheric lifetimes of 12 and 10 days that are based solely on OH reactive loss.
Constitutive androstane receptor agonist, TCPOBOP, attenuates steatohepatitis in the methionine choline-deficient diet-fed mouse (2007)

瞄准：查明是否由 1,4-bis- 的组成的雄甾烷受体(汽车) 激活[2-(3,5， -dichloropyridyloxy)] 苯(TCPOBOP ) 在蛋氨酸调制 steatohepatitis 胆碱缺乏(MCD ) 食谱美联储动物。方法：C57/BL6 野类型的老鼠被喂为 2 wk 的 MCD 或标准饮食并且与汽车收缩筋， TCPOBOP，或汽车逆被对待收缩筋， androstanol。结果：分别地， CYP2B10 和 CYP3A11，已知的汽车目标基因，增加的 30 褶层和 45 褶层的表示在对待 TCPOBOP 的鼠标喂了 MCD 食谱。TCPOBOP 处理减少了肝的脂肪变性(44.6 +/-5.4% 对 30.4 +/-4.5% ， P < 0.05 ) 并且浆液甘油三酸酯层次(48 +/- 8 对 20 +/- 1 mg/dL， P < 0.05 ) 在 MCD 食谱美联储老鼠作为与标准相比食谱美联储老鼠。在肝的脂肪变性的这减小被涉及脂肪酸 microsomal 终止氧化和 peroxisomal 贝它氧化的酶的增加伴随，也就是 CYP4A10， LPBE，和 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase。在脂肪变性的减小被减小也在肝房间 apoptosis 和发炎伴随。相反， androstanol 没有任何上述参数上的效果。结论：汽车激活刺激涉及脂肪酸氧化的基因的正式就职，并且改善肝的脂肪变性， apoptosis 和发炎。
Does non-enzymatic glycosylation affect complement function in diabetes? (1989)

We examined the role of non-enzymatic glycosylation in abnormalities of the complement system commonly found in Type 1 diabetes. Fourteen patients were found to have significantly increased levels of glycosylated C3 (p less than 0.001) and C4 (p less than 0.002) with levels of glycosylated C3 being higher than those of C4 (4.1 +/- 2.5% vs 0.8 +/- 0.8%). This correlated with the finding that in vitro, purified C3 was far more susceptible to this modification than C4. Autoradiography of limited trypsin digests of H3-glycosylated iC3 showed several sites were available for reaction. However, high levels of in vitro glycosylation had no significant effect on the haemolytic activity of C3 and C4, or the binding of iC3 to the CR1 receptor on erythrocytes. Further, IgG was similarly unaffected by non-enzymatic glycosylation in its ability to activate the complement pathway, or when present in an immune complex, to be dissociated from it by complement. We concluded that the immune complex-mediated damage implicated in some complications of Type 1 diabetes is unlikely to derive from any loss of complement function due to non-enzymatic glycosylation.
220-MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-6-ones (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT220-MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-6-onesWilliam C. Agosta and Steven WolffCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 11, 1665–1668Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00899a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00899a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phosphorylation modifies the molecular stability of β-amyloid deposits (2016)

Protein aggregation plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases. A key feature of protein aggregates is their ubiquitous modification by phosphorylation. Little is known, however, about the molecular consequences of phosphorylation of protein aggregates. Here we show that phosphorylation of β-amyloid at serine 8 increases the stability of its pathogenic aggregates against high-pressure and SDS-induced dissociation. We further demonstrate that phosphorylation results in an elevated number of hydrogen bonds at the N terminus of β-amyloid, the region that is critically regulated by a variety of post-translational modifications. Because of the increased lifetime of phosphorylated β-amyloid aggregates, phosphorylation can promote the spreading of β-amyloid in Alzheimer pathogenesis. Our study suggests that regulation of the molecular stability of protein aggregates by post-translational modifications is a crucial factor for disease progression in the brain.
Spinodal Dewetting in Liquid Crystal and Liquid Metal Films (1998)

Theory predicts that dewetting of a homogeneous liquid film from a solid surface may proceed via unstable surface waves on the liquid. This phenomenon, usually termed spinodal dewetting, has been sought after in many systems. Observations in liquid crystal and liquid metal films showed that, as expected, the emerging structures were similar to those found for spinodal decomposition in mixtures. Certain differences, however, could be attributed to peculiarities of the wetting forces in these two dissimilar systems, thereby demonstrating the role of nonlinearities inherent in the wetting forces.
Designing palaver tree online (2001)

As a more diverse population of users moves online, understanding how to help those groups work together and leverage their diverse skills poses a significant challenge for human-computer interaction. This paper presents a case study of the design of an online community that supports kids interviewing elders to build up a shared database of oral history. Two pilot studies with existing technology are presented, and a software design based on those studies is described, along with future work. This work shows the value of prototyping with existing technology in order to uncover user needs in an onine environment.
Anuran and pig egg zona pellucida glycoproteins in fertilization and early development (2008)

The envelope surrounding the eggs of all animals has many biological functions in fertilization and development. This review focuses on the anuran egg envelope in terms of its biochemistry, biophysics, structural biology and function in sperm-egg interactions and early development (embryo hatching). Egg envelopes from Xenopus laevis are among the most studied of the anurans, and are the central theme of this review. Comparisons of Xenopus laevis envelopes with those of other anurans and with pig egg envelopes are also included. This article presents historical as well as contemporary comparative perspectives on molecular and cellular mechanisms of sperm-egg envelope binding, block to polyspermy, envelope hardening, and hatching.
Pharmacotherapy quality improvement: use of a clinical rule-based application. (1996)

Heritage's drug usage evaluation (DUE) program focuses on analyzing the dynamics of prescribing, dispensing, and medication usage data for insurers, managed care organizations (MCO), and others involved in the management of pharmacotherapy in the ambulatory care setting. The addition of a new clinical rules-based system (Athena) has increased the flexibility, scope, and speed of Heritage quality improvement products. Its integration into benchmarking, profiling, and disease management programs is described.
MetaPRL - A Modular Logical Environment (2003)

Abstract. MetaPRL is the latest system to come out of over twenty five years of research by the Cornell PRL group. While initially created at Cornell, MetaPRL is currently a collaborative project involving several universities in several countries. The MetaPRL system combines the properties of an interactive LCF-style tactic-based proof assistant, a logical framework, a logical programming environment, and a formal methods programming toolkit. MetaPRL is distributed under an open-source license and can be downloaded from
High voltage superconducting switch for power application (1983)

This paper reports the development of a novel interrupter which meets the requirements of a high voltage direct current (HVDC) power switch and at the same time doubles as a current limiter. The basic concept of the interrupter makes use of a fast superconducting, high capacity (SHIC) switch that carries the full load current while in the superconducting state and reverts to the normal resistive state when triggered. Typical design parameters are examined for the case of a HVDC transmission line handling 2.5KA at 150KVDC. The result is a power switch with superior performance and smaller size than the ones reported to date.