gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dictionary Learning for Noisy and Incomplete Hyperspectral Images (2012)

We consider analysis of noisy and incomplete hyperspectral imagery, with the objective of removing the noise and inferring the missing data. The noise statistics may be wavelength dependent, and the fraction of data missing (at random) may be substantial, including potentially entire bands, offering the potential to significantly reduce the quantity of data that need be measured. To achieve this objective, the imagery is divided into contiguous three-dimensional (3D) spatio-spectral blocks of spatial dimension much less than the image dimension. It is assumed that each such 3D block may be represented as a linear combination of dictionary elements of the same dimension, plus noise, and the dictionary elements are learned in situ based on the observed data (no a priori training). The number of dictionary elements needed for representation of any particular block is typically small relative to the block dimensions, and all the image blocks are processed jointly (“collaboratively") to infer the underlying dictionary. We address dictionary learning from a Bayesian perspective, considering two distinct means of imposing sparse dictionary usage. These models allow inference of the number of dictionary elements needed as well as the underlying wavelength-dependent noise statistics. It is demonstrated that drawing the dictionary elements from a Gaussian process prior, imposing structure on the wavelength dependence of the dictionary elements, yields significant advantages, relative to the more conventional approach of using an independent and identically distributed Gaussian prior for the dictionary elements; this advantage is particularly evident in the presence of noise. The framework is demonstrated by processing hyperspectral imagery with a significant number of voxels missing uniformly at random, with imagery at specific wavelengths missing entirely, and in the presence of substantial additive noise.
Quantum Frequency Conversion of Single-Photon States by Three and Four-Wave Mixing (2013)

Three- or four-wave mixing can convert a single-photon wave packet to a new frequency. By tailoring the shapes of the pump(s), one can achieve add/drop functionality for different temporally orthogonal wave packets.
Use of a Colapinto needle in US-guided transvaginal drainage of pelvic abscesses. (1993)

The ultrasound-guided transvaginal approach offers a direct, nonsurgical means for drainage of deep pelvic abscesses. It is often difficult, however, to place drainage catheters through the vaginal wall by using routine Seldinger technique. The authors describe four recent drainage procedures facilitated through use of a Colapinto needle as a dilator. In two cases, the Colapinto needle also served as a stiffening cannula for the passage of a fascial dilator.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Sp<sup>3</sup> α‐C—H Activation and Functionalization of Alcohol and Ether (2011)

Abstract Review: 77 refs.
Alg14 Recruits Alg13 to the Cytoplasmic Face of the Endoplasmic Reticulum to Form a Novel Bipartite UDP-N-acetylglucosamine Transferase Required for the Second Step of N-Linked Glycosylation (2005)

N-linked glycosylation requires the synthesis of an evolutionarily conserved lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) precursor that is essential for glycoprotein folding and stability. Despite intense research, several of the enzymes required for LLO synthesis have not yet been identified. Here we show that two poorly characterized yeast proteins known to be required for the synthesis of the LLO precursor, GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol, interact to form an unusual hetero-oligomeric UDP-GlcNAc transferase. Alg13 contains a predicted catalytic domain, but lacks any membrane-spanning domains. Alg14 spans the membrane but lacks any sequences predicted to play a direct role in sugar catalysis. We show that Alg14 functions as a membrane anchor that recruits Alg13 to the cytosolic face of the ER, where catalysis of GlcNAc2-PP-dol occurs. Alg13 and Alg14 physically interact and under normal conditions, are associated with the ER membrane. Overexpression of Alg13 leads to its cytosolic partitioning, as does reduction of Alg14 levels. Concomitant Alg14 overproduction suppresses this cytosolic partitioning of Alg13, demonstrating that Alg14 is both necessary and sufficient for the ER localization of Alg13. Further evidence for the functional relevance of this interaction comes from our demonstration that the human ALG13 and ALG14 orthologues fail to pair with their yeast partners, but when co-expressed in yeast can functionally complement the loss of either ALG13 or ALG14. These results demonstrate that this novel UDP-GlcNAc transferase is a unique eukaryotic ER glycosyltransferase that is comprised of at least two functional polypeptides, one that functions in catalysis and the other as a membrane anchor.
Defect Incorporation and Transport within Dense BaZr<sub>0.8</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3 − δ</sub>(BZY20) Proton-Conducting Membranes (2018)

BZY20 is a mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) heterovalently doped perovskite that under most conditions is dominantly a proton conductor. In addition to protons, mobile defects include oxygen vacancies and O-site polarons. An important aspect of the present approach is the inclusion of immobile polaron traps that are associated with the yttrium dopant. The BZY20 material can serve as an electrolyte for applications including fuel cells, electrolyzers, and membrane reactors. The principal objective of the present paper is to develop thermodynamic properties (i.e., enthalpies and entropies) for defect-incorporation reactions and transport properties (i.e., diffusion coefficients) for defect transport within the dense ceramic. Previously published conductivity measurements form the basis for fitting the needed property relationships. The paper incorporates the new thermodynamic and transport properties into Nernst–Planck models that characterize defect transport within electrolyte membranes such as in protonic-ceramic fuel cells and electrolyzers.
Novel Zinc-binding Center and a Temperature Switch in theBacillus stearothermophilus L1 Lipase (2002)

The bacterial thermoalkalophilic lipases optimally hydrolyze saturated fatty acids at elevated temperatures. They also have significant sequence homology with staphylococcal lipases, and both the thermoalkalophilic and staphylococcal lipases are grouped as the lipase family I.5. We report here the first crystal structure of the lipase family I.5, the structure of a thermoalkalophilic lipase from Bacillus stearothermophilus L1 (L1 lipase) determined at 2.0-A resolution. The structure is in a closed conformation, and the active site is buried under a long lid helix. Unexpectedly, the structure exhibits a zinc-binding site in an extra domain that accounts for the larger molecular size of the family I.5 enzymes in comparison to other microbial lipases. The zinc-coordinated extra domain makes tight interactions with the loop extended from the C terminus of the lid helix, suggesting that the activation of the family I.5 lipases may be regulated by the strength of the interactions. The unusually long lid helix makes strong hydrophobic interactions with its neighbors. The structural information together with previous biochemical observations indicate that the temperature-mediated lid opening is triggered by the thermal dissociation of the hydrophobic interactions.
Immunologic and structural relatedness of the integrin β<sub>7</sub>complex and the human intraepithelial lymphocyte antigen HML‐1 (1992)

We recently cloned the newest human integrin beta subunit, termed beta 7, from a cDNA library constructed from SEA-activated T lymphocytes. In this communication, we report on the structure of the human integrin beta 7 protein complex determined using a rabbit anti-beta 7 peptide antibody raised to an N-terminal 22 amino acid residue sequence deduced from the human beta 7 subunit cDNA. The beta 7 subunit (Mr 116,000) expressed on PHA lymphoblasts associates with a single major alpha subunit (alpha H) that is distinct from the prominent T cell marker, integrin alpha 4. The alpha H subunit (Mr 180,000 nonreduced) displays a distinctive shift in size on reduction to an apparent Mr of 150,000. We show that these structural properties of the integrin beta 7 complex are shared with the cell surface antigen HML-1 found highly expressed on T cells which populate the intestinal epithelium and are proposed to be involved in mucosal immunity. Sequential immunoprecipitation and Western blotting demonstrate identity or close homology between the alpha H beta 7 and HML-1 proteins.
Mapping, characterisation, and comparison of the spatio‐temporal distributions of cabbage stem flea beetle (<i>Psylliodes chrysocephala</i>), carabids, and Collembola in a crop of winter oilseed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i>) (2003)

Abstract The spatio‐temporal distribution of Psylliodes chrysocephala (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a pest of oilseed rape ( Brassica napus ) (L.) (Cruciferae) and its potential predators, carabid beetles, within a crop of winter oilseed rape is described. The distribution of Collembola, a potential alternative food source for the predators, is also investigated. Insects were collected from spatially referenced sampling points across the crop and the counts mapped, analysed, and the degree of spatial association between the distributions determined using Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs (SADIE). Immigration into the crop by adult P. chrysocephala occurred from two edges and resulted in a non‐uniform distribution of the pest within the crop. Infestation of rape plants by P. chrysocephala larvae was greatest within the central area of the crop. Significant spatial association between adult female P. chrysocephala and the larval infestation of plants occurred throughout October. Three carabid species were active and abundant during peak pest immigration into the crop, viz., Trechus quadristriatus (Schrank) (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Pterostichus madidus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Carabidae), and Nebria brevicollis (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Two of these species, T. quadristriatus and P. madidus , showed significant spatial association with the larvae of P. chrysocephala during October. All three carabid species showed a significant spatial association with Collembola during mid‐September, indicating that the latter may be an important food source for carabids during this period. In laboratory feeding experiments, only T. quadristriatus consumed the eggs of P. chrysocephala suggesting that, in the adult stage, this species may be the most important of the naturally occurring carabids as a predator of P. chrysocephala in the field. Adult T. quadristriatus may be a valuable component of an Integrated Pest Management strategy for winter oilseed rape, and the conservation of this species could be beneficial.
Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking waters of the United States (2016)

When chemical or microbial contaminants are assessed for potential effect or possible regulation in ambient and drinking waters, a critical first step is determining if the contaminants occur and if they are at concentrations that may cause human or ecological health concerns. To this end, source and treated drinking water samples from 29 drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) were analyzed as part of a two-phase study to determine whether chemical and microbial constituents, many of which are considered contaminants of emerging concern, were detectable in the waters. Of the 84 chemicals monitored in the 9 Phase I DWTPs, 27 were detected at least once in the source water, and 21 were detected at least once in treated drinking water. In Phase II, which was a broader and more comprehensive assessment, 247 chemical and microbial analytes were measured in 25 DWTPs, with 148 detected at least once in the source water, and 121 detected at least once in the treated drinking water. The frequency of detection was often related to the analyte's contaminant class, as pharmaceuticals and anthropogenic waste indicators tended to be infrequently detected and more easily removed during treatment, while per and polyfluoroalkyl substances and inorganic constituents were both more frequently detected and, overall, more resistant to treatment. The data collected as part of this project will be used to help inform evaluation of unregulated contaminants in surface water, groundwater, and drinking water.
[(NHC)Au<sup>I</sup>]-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Allylic Acetates (2007)

[(NHC)AuCl] complexes (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene), in conjunction with a silver salt, were found to efficiently catalyze the rearrangement of allylic acetates under both conventional and microwave-assisted heating. The optimization of several reaction parameters (solvent, silver salt, and ligand) as well as a study of the reaction scope are reported. The steric hindrance of the ligand bound to gold was found crucial for the outcome of the reaction as only extremely bulky ligands permitted the isomerization.
Expression of hepatocyte low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein is post-transcriptionally regulated by extracellular matrix. (1998)

The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) is a multifunctional member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family that has been implicated in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes. However, little is known about LRP regulation at the molecular level, and the factors that might mediate LRP have not yet been characterized. This is particularly true of hepatocytes, an important site of LRP expression. Hepatocyte gene expression is known to be dependent on extracellular matrix composition, although the effect of extracellular matrix on lipoprotein receptor expression has not yet been investigated. Also, the mechanisms by which the extracellular matrix affects hepatocyte gene expression are not well understood. In this study, we show that hepatocyte LRP expression decreases rapidly at the mRNA, protein, and functional levels on collagen type I, but remains high on an Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm sarcoma matrix-preparation, Matrigel. LRP function was assessed with ligand binding studies and a novel cytotoxicity assay, using Pseudomonas exotoxin A. Investigation of the mechanism of LRP down-regulation revealed a two-fold longer LRP mRNA half-life in hepatocytes cultured on Matrigel relative to collagen. Taken together, these studies reveal that LRP expression in primary hepatocytes is dependent on the extracellular matrix, and that matrix-dependent differences in hepatocyte LRP mRNA expression are primarily due to changes in mRNA stability, indicating for the first time that the expression of LRP is subject to post-transcriptional regulation.
Subpicosecond optical demultiplexing at 10 GHz withzero-dispersion,dispersion-flattened, nonlinear fibre loop mirrorcontrolled by 500 fs gain-switched laser diode (1994)

For the first time, subpicosecond optical demultiplexing at 10 GHz with a dispersion-flattened nonlinear loop mirror has been demonstrated. The loop was controlled by 500 fs pulses from a gain-switched laser diode with a spectral filtering technique. The demultiplexed pulse width was as short as 770 fs.
A control method for a high frequency link inverter using cycloconverter techniques (2003)

The authors describe a novel control method for a high-frequency link inverter using cycloconverter techniques and discuss its output voltage characteristics. In this method, the cycloconverter converts a high-frequency voltage to a low-frequency voltage by operating in three modes: positive rectifying mode, negative rectifying mode, and free-wheeling mode. Pulse-width-modulation control is performed at the cycloconverter. Numerical analysis and experiments show that the output voltage can be proportionally controlled by a reference voltage and that the output harmonics can be decreased to a sufficiently low level. A surge reduction circuit is presented for the inverter. This circuit can effectively reduce the switching surge. A conversion efficiency of over 90% is obtained with an output power of 1 kW.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Stereostructure-activity relationship of opioid agonist and antagonist bivalent ligands. Evidence for bridging between vicinal opioid receptors (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereostructure-activity relationship of opioid agonist and antagonist bivalent ligands. Evidence for bridging between vicinal opioid receptorsP. S. Portoghese, D. L. Larson, C. B. Yim, L. M. Sayre, G. Ronsisvalle, A. W. Lipkowski, A. E. Takemori, K. C. Rice, and S. W. TamCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1985, 28, 9, 1140–1141Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00147a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00147a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views221Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antisense Knockdown of PKC‐α Using LNA Oligos (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Effects of Hot Isostatic Pressing of Platinum Alloy Castings on Mechanical Properties and Microstructures (2015)

The effects of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on castings produced in a variety of platinum alloys was investigated. A number of benefits were observed, including a reduction in porosity and improvements to the microstructure and mechanical properties. Differences in the response to HIP of individual alloys is evaluated as well as some inherent limitations of the HIP process.
Adaptive gating in gaussian bayesian multi-target tracking (2005)

Bayesian target tracking methods consist of filtering successive measurements coming from a detector. Linear and nonlinear Gaussian Bayesian filters are well adapted to estimate the successive a posteriori state distributions of a single moving target from a sequence of observations. However, when tracking several targets in a cluttered environment, previous techniques must be combined with dedicated procedures for validating and associating the measurements to their predictions. Gating validation techniques are used to increase the reliability of the association technique by retaining only the measurements that could be originated from predicted measurements. In standard techniques, the only constraint imposed on the gate is to contain the correct measurement. However, as the shape of the validation gate is related to the covariance of the transition noise, it is of major importance to estimate it in a reliable manner. We therefore review several methods to update the covariance of transition noise and we propose a new one that enables the validation gate to be adapted both to the smoothly evolving dynamic of a moving target and to an abruptly changing dynamic. All the methods are compared for performance on microscopy image sequences which typically contain objects that abruptly change their behavior.
Observation of All-Optical Bump-on-Tail Instability (2008)

We demonstrate an all-optical bump-on-tail instability by considering the nonlinear interaction of two partially coherent spatial beams. For weak wave coupling, we observe momentum transfer with no variation in intensity. For strong wave coupling, modulations appear in intensity and evidence appears for wave (Langmuir) collapse at large scales. Borrowing plasma language, these limits represent regimes of weak and strong spatial optical turbulence. In both limits, the internal spectral energy redistribution is observed by recording and reconstructing a hologram of the evolving dynamics. The results are universal and can appear in any wave-kinetic system with short-wave-long-wave coupling.
Partial purification of a serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. (1976)

Tumor necrosis can be induced in transplanted mouse methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma by a tumor necrosis factor in the serum of mice infected with bacillus Calmette-Guérin and given bacterial endotoxin. Sera from normal mice, endotoxin-treated mice, and mice infected with bacillus Calmette-Guérin do not contain this factor. A 20- to 30-fold purification of the serum factor has been achieved by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, Sephadex G-100 and G-200 gel filtration, and preparative polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Tumor necrosis factor is not bacterial endotoxin. It migrates with alpha-globulins, is made up of at least four subunits, and has a molecular weight of about 150,000. The active factor is a glycoprotein that contains sialic acid and galactosamine.
Logical construction of software (1980)

The authors contend that it is both possible and necessary to clearly demark and explicitly define the transition between the software design and software implementation phases of the software life cycle. The output of the software design phase is defined to be a logical design of software, and the logical design can be described explicitly if the software is viewed as a system of data sets and data transforms. Logical Construction of Software (LCS) is a software design methodology that guides the designer in defining and describing these software components and their relationships. The methodology is illustrated via a practical application.
Electrical Transients in Power Systems (1973)

Fundamental Notions About Electrical Transients. The Laplace Transform Method of Solving Differential Equations. Simple Switching Transients. Damping. Abnormal Switching Transients. Transients in Three-Phase Circuits. Transients in Direct Current Circuits, Conversion Equipment and Static Var Controls. Electromagnetic Phenomena of Importance Under Transient Conditions. Traveling Waves and Other Transients on Transmission Lines. Principles of Transient Modeling of Power Systems and Components. Modeling Power Apparatus and the Behavior of Such Equipment Under Transient Conditions. Computer Aids to the Calculation of Electrical Transients. System and Component Parameter Values for Use in Transient Calculations and Means to Obtain Them in Measurement. Lightning. Insulation Coordination. Protection of Systems and Equipment Against Transient Overvoltages. Case Studies in Electrical Transients. Equipment for Measuring Transients. Measuring Techniques and Surge Testing. Appendices. Index.