gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Screening of lipase activities with cultures from the agricultural research service culture collection (1992)

A simple, sensitive agar plate method was used to screen lipase activity from 1229 selected cultures, including 508 bacteria, 479 yeasts, 230 actinomycetes and 12 fungi, covering many genera and species. About 25% of the cultures tested are lipase‐positive. These lipase‐positive strains were further classified into three categories according to their enzyme activity: good, moderate and weak lipase producers for those having orange fluorescent halo zones greater than 10 mm, 7.5 mm or 5 mm diameters, respectively. The good lipase producers have the potential to be developed for industrial enzymes. The positional, fatty acid or enantiospecificity of each individual lipase requires further investigation. The data presented here are important for the discovery of new lipases.
Optimal Solution-Range Analysis in Production Planning: Refinery Feedstock Selection (2008)

This paper presents a new way to expand and analyze the optimal solution of a process planning model. Feedstock selection in a refinery is a complex process, accomplished in many steps that typically involve numerous optimization executions that aim at providing a “value” for each potential crude oil feedstock to the refinery for a given operational period. Traditionally, the optimal crude oil slate as determined by the planning system is a point solution that does not provide detailed information regarding potential (finite) changes in the optimal crude oil selection without degradation of the overall plant economics., In this work we define the optimal selection range for each feedstock as the result of a Pareto-type analysis including all feedstocks. Two flexibility indices are defined for each crude oil feed providing a quantitative flexibility metric in the context of optimal economics. The proposed approach provides a useful and practical way to quantitatively evaluate each potential crude feed. This is expressed in terms of an optimal range as defined by the ability of a feedstock to replace and be replaced in the optimal solution without significant economic change. In addition, this analysis provides a map of the optimal surface in terms of near-optimal points around the base solution.
The effects of drugs interacting with opioid receptors on the early ventricular arrhythmias arising from myocardial ischaemia (1989)

1. The effects of a range of opioid receptor agonists and antagonists with differing opioid receptor selectivities on ischaemia-induced arrhythmias in anaesthetised rats was investigated. 2. Naloxone was antiarrhythmic only at doses expected to antagonise kappa- and delta-receptors in addition to mu-receptors. 3. The opioid receptor antagonist Mr 2266, which is twice as potent at kappa-receptors as at mu-receptors dose-dependently reduced the incidence and severity of the arrhythmias resulting from coronary artery occlusion. 4. The opioid receptor antagonist M 8008 (1 mg kg-1), which is twice as potent at delta-receptors as at mu-receptors but has very little affinity for the kappa-receptor, did not exhibit any beneficial antiarrhythmic properties. 5. MrZ 2593, a quarternary complex of naloxone which does not readily cross the blood brain barrier, was antiarrhythmic which implies that the antiarrhythmic actions of opioid receptor antagonists may be mediated via peripheral opioid receptors. 6. The agonists, diamorphine, [Leu] enkephalin and U-50,488H exhibited no significant arrhythmogenic effects under the present experimental conditions. 7. It is tentatively suggested that blockade of peripheral kappa-receptors during acute myocardial ischaemia may result in an antiarrhythmic effect.
Microtubule movement by a biotinated kinesin bound to streptavidin-coated surface. (1994)

Kinesin, an ATP-dependent microtubule motor, can be studied in vitro in motility assays where the kinesin is nonspecifically adsorbed to a surface. However, adsorption can inactivate kinesin and may alter its reaction kinetics. We therefore prepared a biotinated kinesin derivative, K612-BIO, and characterized its activity in solution and when bound to streptavidin-coated surfaces. K612-BIO consists of the N-terminal 612 amino acids of the Drosophila kinesin alpha subunit linked to the 87-amino acid C-terminal domain of the biotin carboxyl carrier protein subunit of Escherichia coli acetyl-CoA carboxylase. The C-terminal domain directs the efficient post-translational biotination of the protein. We expressed K612-BIO at high levels using the baculovirus expression vector system and purified it to near-homogeneity. The expressed protein is completely soluble, and > 90% is bound by streptavidin. K612-BIO steady-state ATPase kinetics (KM,ATP = 24 microM, K0.5, microtubule = 0.61 mg ml-1, Vmax = approximately 25 s-1 head-1, 25 degrees C) are similar to those reported for intact kinesin. ATPase kinetics are not affected by the addition of streptavidin. Enzyme bound to a surface coated with streptavidin drove microtubule gliding in the presence of 2 mM ATP at 750 +/- 130 nm s-1 (26 degrees C). Activity was abolished by pretreatment of the surface with biotin, indicating that the microtubule movements are due to specifically bound enzyme. Motility assays based on specific attachment of biotinated enzyme to streptavidin-coated surfaces will be useful for quantitative analysis of kinesin motility and may provide a way to detect activity in kinesin derivatives or kinesin-like proteins that have not yet been shown to move microtubules.
Herpesvirus Saimiri vFLIP Provides an Antiapoptotic Function but Is Not Essential for Viral Replication, Transformation, or Pathogenicity (2000)

Apoptosis of infected cells is an important host defense mechanism, and many viruses have exploited antiapoptotic proteins that interfere with crucial cellular pathways. Viral FLICE inhibitory proteins (vFLIPs) are encoded by rhadinoviruses like herpesvirus saimiri, the related Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV8), and the poxvirus responsible for molluscum contagiosum. The vFLIPs can block the interaction of the death receptor-adapter complex with the cellular effector FLICE (caspase-8), and this prevents the initiation of the downstream caspase cascade. KSHV/HHV8 vFLIP overexpression can confer resistance to T-cell-mediated apoptosis and acts as a tumor progression factor in a murine B-cell lymphoma model. To analyze the function of herpesvirus vFLIPs in the genetic background of the virus and in a model for viral pathogenesis, we deleted the vFLIP gene (open reading frame 71) from the genome of herpesvirus saimiri strain C488. The viral deletion mutant was viable and replicated like the wild-type virus. An antiapoptotic effect could be attributed to the vFLIP gene, but we also show that the vFLIP gene of herpesvirus saimiri is dispensable for viral transformation of T cells in vitro and for pathogenicity in cottontop tamarins in vivo.
U.S. biodiesel production: recent developments and prospects. (2007)

Biodiesel has recently experienced a major surge worldwide. A rapid expansion in production capacity is being observed not only in developed countries such as Germany, Italy, France, and the United States but also in developing countries such as Brazil, Argentina, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Interest in and expansion of the production of the renewable fuel has been fostered by mandates and fi nancial incentives offered by governments.
Modernização e Modernismo: a visão trágica na ficção de Graciliano Ramos (2008)

Dissertacao de Mestrado Autora: Ana Maria Abrahao dos Santos Oliveira ( abrahao-ana@ig.com.br )  Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Lucia Helena Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Letras da UFF Area de concentracao: Literatura Brasileira Data da defesa: 31 de agosto de 2007
Eighty-Four Consecutive Breast Reconstructions Using a Textured Silicone Tissue Expander (1992)

Maxwell, G. Patrick M.D.; Falcone, Philip A. M.D.; Beasley, Michael E. M.D. Author Information
Improvement of picture quality and coding efficiency using discrete cosine transform (1990)

Abstract In the applications of still picture coding such as image data base, the progressive coding is effective in reducing the retrieval time and the transmission cost. For the block coding based on the discrete‐cosine transform (DCT), a study has been made on the progressive and successive transmission from dc to higher‐order ac components. In this scheme, the major cause of the picture quality degradation is the block distortion produced at the initial stage. This paper proposes two methods to reduce the block distortion where the lower‐order ac coefficients are determined from the dc coefficients transmitted at the first stage and applied the inverse‐DCT. The first method is to determine the lower‐order ac coefficients so that pixel values are smoothly connected at some points on the block boundary. The second method is based on the application of the interpolation filter utilizing the property of DCT. Furthermore, it is shown that by transmitting the difference between the DCT coefficients to be transmitted and the coefficients generated by the proposed method, the coding efficiency can be improved by 5 to 8 percent.
RelB: an outlier in leukocyte biology (2013)

RelB is one of the more unusual members of the NF-κB family. This family, arguably the best known group of transcription regulators, regulates an astonishing array of cell types and biological processes. This includes regulation of cell growth, differentiation and death by apoptosis, and the development and function of the innate and adaptive-immune system. RelB is best known for its roles in lymphoid development, DC biology, and noncanonical signaling. Within the last few years, however, surprising functions of RelB have emerged. The N-terminal leucine zipper motif of RelB, a motif unique among the NF-κB family, may associate with more diverse DNA sequences than other NF-κB members. RelB is capable of direct binding to the AhR that supports the xenobiotic-detoxifying pathway. RelB can regulate the circadian rhythm by directly binding to the BMAL partner of CLOCK. Finally, RelB also couples with bioenergy NAD(+) sensor SIRT1 to integrate acute inflammation with changes in metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics. In this review, we will explore these unique aspects of RelB, specifically with regard to its role in immunity.
Syndecan-3 is a dendritic cell-specific attachment receptor for HIV-1 (2007)

Dendritic cells (DCs) efficiently capture HIV-1 and mediate transmission to T cells, but the underlying molecular mechanism is still being debated. The C-type lectin DC-SIGN is important in HIV-1 transmission by DCs. However, various studies strongly suggest that another HIV-1 receptor on DCs is involved in the capture of HIV-1. Here we have identified syndecan-3 as a major HIV-1 attachment receptor on DCs. Syndecan-3 is a DC-specific heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan that captures HIV-1 through interaction with the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120. Syndecan-3 stabilizes the captured virus, enhances DC infection in cis, and promotes transmission to T cells. Removal of the HSs from the cell surface by heparinase III or by silencing syndecan-3 by siRNA partially inhibited HIV-1 transmission by immature DCs, whereas neutralizing both syndecan-3 and DC-SIGN completely abrogated HIV-1 capture and subsequent transmission. Thus, HIV-1 exploits both syndecan-3 and DC-SIGN to mediate HIV-1 transmission, and an effective microbicide should target both syndecan-3 and DC-SIGN on DCs to prevent transmission.
Primary structure of an apical protein from Xenopus laevis that participates in amiloride-sensitive sodium channel activity. (1992)

High resistance epithelia express on their apical side an amiloride-sensitive sodium channel that controls sodium reabsorption. A cDNA was found to encode a 1,420-amino acid long polypeptide with no signal sequence, a putative transmembrane segment, and three predicted amphipathic alpha helices. A corresponding 5.2-kb mRNA was detected in Xenopus laevis kidney, intestine, and oocytes, with weak expression in stomach and eyes. An antibody directed against a fusion protein containing a COOH-terminus segment of the protein and an antiidiotypic antibody known to recognize the amiloride binding site of the epithelial sodium channel (Kleyman, T. R., J.-P. Kraehenbuhl, and S. A. Ernst. 1991. J. Biol. Chem. 266:3907-3915) immunoprecipitated a similar protein complex from [35S]methionine-labeled and from apically radioiodinated Xenopus laevis kidney-derived A6 cells. A single integral of 130-kD protein was recovered from samples reduced with DTT. The antibody also cross-reacted by ELISA with the putative amiloride-sensitive sodium channel isolated from A6 cells (Benos, D. J., G. Saccomani, and S. Sariban-Sohraby. 1987. J. Biol. Chem. 262:10613-10618). Although the protein is translated, cRNA injected into oocytes did not reconstitute amiloride-sensitive sodium transport, while antisense RNA or antisense oligodeoxynucleotides specific for two distinct sequences of the cloned cDNA inhibited amiloride-sensitive sodium current induced by injection of A6 cell mRNA. We propose that the cDNA encodes an apical plasma membrane protein that plays a role in the functional expression of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel. It may represent a subunit of the Xenopus laevis sodium channel or a regulatory protein essential for sodium channel function.
GraMi (2014)

Mining frequent subgraphs is an important operation on graphs; it is defined as finding all subgraphs that appear frequently in a database according to a given frequency threshold. Most existing work assumes a database of many small graphs, but modern applications, such as social networks, citation graphs, or protein-protein interactions in bioinformatics, are modeled as a single large graph. In this paper we present GraMi, a novel framework for frequent subgraph mining in a single large graph. GraMi undertakes a novel approach that only finds the minimal set of instances to satisfy the frequency threshold and avoids the costly enumeration of all instances required by previous approaches. We accompany our approach with a heuristic and optimizations that significantly improve performance. Additionally, we present an extension of GraMi that mines frequent patterns. Compared to subgraphs, patterns offer a more powerful version of matching that captures transitive interactions between graph nodes (like friend of a friend) which are very common in modern applications. Finally, we present CGraMi, a version supporting structural and semantic constraints, and AGraMi, an approximate version producing results with no false positives. Our experiments on real data demonstrate that our framework is up to 2 orders of magnitude faster and discovers more interesting patterns than existing approaches.
Electronic Commerce: The Flip Side of a Buzzword (2001)

Electronic Commerce has suffered the typical fate of a buzzword and fashion: after the hype, the downturn has been particularly painful. However, the sobering effect of the downturn has opened a unique opportunity to ask more fundamental questions. This paper addresses limitations in our understanding of Electronic Commerce as a phenomenon which is inextricably linked to the new economy and discusses implications for Electronic Commerce research within IS as well as in an interdisciplinary context.
Electron Probe X-Ray Microanalysis Applied to Thin Surface Films and Stratified Specimens (1993)

The basic principles of X-ray microanalysis of thin surface films and stratified targets are summarized. The influence of the electron beam accelerating voltage on the analyzed depth is discussed. It is shown that in the field of soft X-rays, the effective depth of analysis is most often limited by the absorption of the radiation in the specimen itself. For high energy radiations, the importance of the secondary emission due to fluorescence excited by the continuous radiation and by the characteristic lines is outlined. The main concepts of the recent ø(ρz) models used for quantitation in the recent software packages are reminded. The performance of the technique for the simultaneous determination of the mass thicknesses and the compositions of the layers in a stratified target is illustrated with several examples. These examples also illustrate the capability and the limitations of the iterative procedure used in the recent software packages such as Strata or Multifilm.
Comparison of the Immune Response of Striped Bass and Hybrid Bass (1993)

We developed methods for examining the pathophysical response of striped bass and hybrid bass to various forms of stress. This involved development of techniques for the measurement of lysozyme, mitogen blastogenesis, mixed lymphocyte reaction, and oxidative burst, which are important general indicators of systemic immune function. We also examined local immune defenses (epithelial integrity), as well as homeostatic indicators in blood, including osmotic balance and glucose. Acute stress resulted in significant perturbations in a number of parameters, including glucose, electrolytes, osmolarity, lysozyme, and mixed lymphocyte reaction. Most significantly, acute confinement stress resulted in severe damage to the epidermal epithelium, as indicated by the rapid (within 2 hr) development of erosions and ulcerations on various fins. There were significant differences in the resting levels of some immune functions between striped bass and hybrid bass, including response to mitogens in the leukocyte blastogenesis test. Our studies also revealed that there were significant differences in how striped bass and hybrid bass respond to stress, with striped bass being much more severely affected by stress than the hybrid. This was reflected in more severe changes in glucose, cortisol dynamics, and plasma lysozyme. Most significantly, striped bass developed more severe idiopathic skin ulceration after stress, which may be a major reason why this fish is so prone to develop opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections after stress. Hybrid bass injected with equine serum albumin developed a typical humoral immune response, with peak antibody production 28 days after primary immunization. Fish that were exposed to a chronic stress after a primary immunization showed almost complete inhibition of antibody production.
Infrared Spectra of Some MH4 Molecules (1966)

Molecular constants have been obtained for a number of the fourth-group hydrides. The values of the M—H distances which have been obtained under the assumption of tetrahedral angles are: SiD3H, 1.480±0.001 Å; GeH3D, 1.525±0.001 Å; GeD3H, 1.532±0.001 Å; SnD3H, 1.701±0.001 Å.
“Troy-bodies”: Recombinant Antibodies that Target T Cell Epitopes to Antigen Presenting Cells (2001)

Targeting of antigens to antigen presenting cells (APC) results in enhanced antigen presentation and T cell activation. In this paper, we describe a novel targeting reagent denoted "Troy-bodies", namely recombinant antibodies with APC-specific V regions and C regions with integrated T cell epitopes. We have made such antibodies with V regions specific for either IgD or MHC class II, and four different T cell epitopes have been tested. All four epitopes could be introduced into loops of C domains without disrupting Ig folding, and they could be released and presented by APC. Furthermore, whether IgD- or MHC-specific, the molecules enhanced T cell stimulation compared to non-specific control antibodies in vitro as well as in vivo. Using this technology, specific reagents can be designed that target selected antigenic peptides to an APC of choice. Troy-bodies may therefore be useful for manipulation of immune responses, and in particular for vaccination purposes.
BAT3 Interacts with Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) Receptors and Enhances TGF-β1-induced Type I Collagen Expression in Mesangial Cells (2008)

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) plays essential roles in a wide array of cellular processes, such as in development and the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis, including that associated with progressive kidney diseases. Tight regulation of its signaling pathways is critical, and proteins that associate with the TGF-beta receptors may exert positive or negative regulatory effects on TGF-beta signaling. In the present study we employed a yeast-based two-hybrid screening system to identify BAT3 (HLA-B-associated transcript 3) as a TGF-beta receptor-interacting protein. Analysis of endogenously expressed BAT3 in various tissues including the kidney reveals the existence of approximately 140-kDa full-length protein as well as truncated forms of BAT3 whose expression is developmentally regulated. Endogenous BAT3 protein interacts with TGF-beta receptors type I and type II in renal mesangial cells. Functional assays show that expression of full-length BAT3 results in enhancement of TGF-beta1-stimulated transcriptional activation of p3TP-Lux reporter, and these effects require the presence of functional TGF-beta signaling receptors as demonstrated in R-1B and DR-26 mutant cells. Moreover, expression of full-length BAT3, but not C-terminal truncated mutant of BAT3, enhanced TGF-beta1-induced type I collagen expression in mesangial cells, whereas knock down of BAT3 protein expression by small interfering RNA suppressed the expression of type I collagen induced by TGF-beta1. Our findings suggest that BAT3, a TGF-beta receptor-interacting protein, is capable of modulating TGF-beta signaling and acts as a positive regulator of TGF-beta1 stimulation of type I collagen expression in mesangial cells.
Anticipating the Response of Excitable Systems Driven by Random Forcing (2003)

We study the regime of anticipated synchronization in unidirectionally coupled model neurons subject to a common external aperiodic forcing that makes their behavior unpredictable. We show numerically and by analog hardware electronic circuits that, under appropriate coupling conditions, the pulses fired by the slave neuron anticipate (i.e., predict) the pulses fired by the master neuron. This anticipated synchronization occurs even when the common external forcing is white noise.
Polycythemia in diabetic patients on CAPD. (1991)

Polycythemia in CAPD patients has been rarely described. Over an eight year period, 4 out of 123 CAPD patients (3%) were identified as having Hct values exceeding 50% for 1 month or longer. All of the 4 patients were insulin dependent diabetics (4/47 diabetic patients, 8.5%). Charts were reviewed on 3 of these 4 patients. Polycythemia developed after a mean of 21 +/- 7 months on peritoneal dialysis. Prior to the development of polycythemia, ferritin levels were low and ferrous sulfate therapy was begun at a time the Hct values were 36 to 40%. Erythropoietin levels were obtained in 2 patients, and were 22 U/L (Hct 51%) and less than 5 U/L (Hct 55%). Renal ultrasound failed to show renal masses or cysts. One patient had a plasma volume of 2.1 L (normal 2.4-3.2 L); another patient was clinically volume depleted. Complications during the period of polycythemia included gangrenous feet requiring amputation in 2 patients, CVA in 2 patients, and splenic infarct in 1 patient. One patient died of cerebral thrombosis. We conclude that polycythemia is uncommon in CAPD patients and occurs most often in diabetic patients. Volume depletion and iron therapy may play a role in its etiology. In this high risk group of patients polycythemia may contribute to vascular complications and should be avoided.
Prevention of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Team Handball Players: A Prospective Intervention Study Over Three Seasons (2003)

This study shows that it is possible to prevent anterior cruciate ligament injuries with specific neuromuscular training.