gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ZikaVR: An Integrated Zika Virus Resource for Genomics, Proteomics, Phylogenetic and Therapeutic Analysis (2016)

Current Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks that spread in several areas of Africa, Southeast Asia, and in pacific islands is declared as a global health emergency by World Health Organization (WHO). It causes Zika fever and illness ranging from severe autoimmune to neurological complications in humans. To facilitate research on this virus, we have developed an integrative multi-omics platform; ZikaVR (http://bioinfo.imtech.res.in/manojk/zikavr/), dedicated to the ZIKV genomic, proteomic and therapeutic knowledge. It comprises of whole genome sequences, their respective functional information regarding proteins, genes, and structural content. Additionally, it also delivers sophisticated analysis such as whole-genome alignments, conservation and variation, CpG islands, codon context, usage bias and phylogenetic inferences at whole genome and proteome level with user-friendly visual environment. Further, glycosylation sites and molecular diagnostic primers were also analyzed. Most importantly, we also proposed potential therapeutically imperative constituents namely vaccine epitopes, siRNAs, miRNAs, sgRNAs and repurposing drug candidates.
Deep sequencing of small RNAs from human skin reveals major alterations in the psoriasis miRNAome (2011)

Psoriasis is a chronic and complex inflammatory skin disease with lesions displaying dramatically altered mRNA expression profiles. However, much less is known about the expression of small RNAs. Here, we describe a comprehensive analysis of the normal and psoriatic skin miRNAome with next-generation sequencing in a large patient cohort. We generated 6.7 × 10(8) small RNA reads representing 717 known and 284 putative novel microRNAs (miRNAs). We also observed widespread expression of isomiRs and miRNA*s derived from known and novel miRNA loci, and a low frequency of miRNA editing in normal and psoriatic skin. The expression and processing of selected novel miRNAs were confirmed with qRT-PCR in skin and other human tissues or cell lines. Eighty known and 18 novel miRNAs were 2-42-fold differentially expressed in psoriatic skin. Of particular significance was the 2.7-fold upregulation of a validated novel miRNA derived from the antisense strand of the miR-203 locus, which plays a role in epithelial differentiation. Other differentially expressed miRNAs included hematopoietic-specific miRNAs such as miR-142-3p and miR-223/223*, and angiogenic miRNAs such as miR-21, miR-378, miR-100 and miR-31, which was the most highly upregulated miRNA in psoriatic skin. The functions of these miRNAs are consistent with the inflammatory and hyperproliferative phenotype of psoriatic lesions. In situ hybridization of differentially expressed miRNAs revealed stratified epidermal expression of an uncharacterized keratinocyte-derived miRNA, miR-135b, as well as the epidermal infiltration of the hematopoietic-specific miRNA, miR-142-3p, in psoriatic lesions. This study lays a critical framework for functional characterization of miRNAs in healthy and diseased skin.
IS/IT Investment Evaluation and Benefit Realization Practices in Taiwanese SMEs (2005)

This paper investigates the practices of IS/IT benefits and evaluation, critical success factors and the degree of satisfaction with the adoption of IS/IT investments in business-to-business electronic commerce (B2B-EC) by the small and medium-size enterprise (SME) sector in an emerging economy - Taiwan. The survey reveals that the respondents had relatively high usage of IS/IT investment evaluation methodology and low usage of IS/IT benefits realization approaches. In addition, these methodologies or approaches were generally not used widely and effectively within these organizations. Moreover, only a quarter of the respondents were satisfied with their IS/IT investments in B2B-EC. The internal factors which consist of lack of staff resistance, organizational readiness, integrating internet with marketing strategy, and top management support were found to be the critical success factors for the IS/IT investments in B2B-EC by SMEs in Taiwan.
Quercetin inhibits cell viability, migration and invasion by regulating miR-16/HOXA10 axis in oral cancer (2019)

Oral cancer is a common tumor malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis worldwide. Quercetin is one of the major flavonoids present in our daily diet, which is reported to have anti-proliferation and apoptotic effects in varying cancers, including oral cancer. The aim of the present study is to find the mechanism that underlies the role of quercetin in oral cancer. In this study, cell viability, migration and invasion were measured by MTT, trans-well or western blot assays in oral cancer cells. The levels of microRNA-16 (miR-16) and homeobox A10 (HOXA10) were measured in oral cancer tissues and cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The interaction between miR-16 and HOXA10 was probed by luciferase activity, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and western blot. Results showed that quercetin suppressed cell viability, migration, invasion and abundances of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2 in oral cancer cells. miR-16 was down-regulated and reversed by addition of quercetin. Moreover, overexpression of miR-16 also impaired cell viability, migration, invasion and abundances of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in oral cancer cells. Besides, HOXA10 was targeted by miR-16 and its restoration abated miR-16-mediated role in oral cancer. In addition, knockdown of miR-16 reversed the effect of quercetin on progression of oral cancer. Collectively, quercetin inhibited cell viability, migration and invasion by regulating miR-16 and HOXA10 in oral cancer cells. This finding indicated that quercetin might be promising for treatment of oral cancer.
Cell-mediated suppression of megakaryocytopoiesis in acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenic purpura (1986)

Acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenic purpura (AATP) is a disorder of hematopoiesis characterized by severe thrombocytopenia due to a selective reduction or total absence of megakaryocytes in an otherwise normal-appearing bone marrow. Although the development of autoantibodies directed against cells in the megakaryocyte progenitor cell pool has been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disorder, cell-mediated suppression of megakaryocytopoiesis has not been described. Accordingly, we report two cases of AATP in which in vitro suppression of megakaryocyte colony formation by autologous ancillary marrow cells was demonstrable. Light-density bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) obtained from both patients were either plated directly into plasma clot cultures, or after first being depleted by adherent monocytes (M phi) or T lymphocytes using standard methodologies. In some experiments, the depleted ancillary marrow cells were recovered for autologous co-culture studies with the MNCs from which they had been depleted. Megakaryocyte colony formation was detected in the cultures using an indirect immunofluorescence assay with a rabbit anti-human platelet glycoprotein antiserum. Removal of M phi (n = 6), or T lymphocytes (n = 4) from normal marrow MNCs had no apparent effect on colony formation. In contrast, depleting T lymphocytes from the MNCs of patient 1 significantly augmented megakaryocyte colony formation; a similar effect was observed after depleting M phi from the MNCs of patient 2. This observed augmentation in colony formation could be abrogated by autologous co-culture with the putative suppressor cell at effector cell/target cell ratios of 1:10 in the case of T lymphocytes or 1:5 in the case of M phi. Neither suppression nor stimulation of megakaryocyte colony formation was observed after culturing normal MNCs with autologous T cells (n = 4) or M phi (n = 3) at similar or greater ratios. We also observed inhibition of megakaryocyte colony formation after culturing normal MNCs in the presence of tissue culture medium conditioned by the M phi of patient 2. This effect was shown to be specific for megakaryocytes since this same conditioned medium had no significant effect on BFU-E and CFU-E-derived colony formation by autologous marrow mononuclear cells. These results suggest that: both T cells and M phi are capable of exerting a regulatory effect on the proliferation of human megakaryocyte progenitor cells (CFU-Meg); in the case of M phi, a soluble factor elaborated by these cells may be responsible for suppressing CFU-Meg growth; and aberrant ancillary cell-megakaryocyte progenitor cell interactions may lead to clinically significant disease.
<i>N</i>-Benzyl-2-nitro-<i>N</i>-(4-pyridylmethyl)benzenesulfonamide (2007)

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C 19 H 17 N 3 O 4 S, C—H...O interactions result in zigzag molecular chains, packed via π–π interactions.
High-pressure neutron diffraction study of Si<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O (1977)

The lattice parameters, bond lengths and bond angles of Si2N2O have been determined at pressures up to 23 kbar by time-of-flight neutron diffraction. The average compressibility coefficients of the orthorhombic structure are Ka = 21 (2), Kb = 34 (2), Kc = 25 (2) and Kν = 79 (4) x 10−5 kbar−1, though the anisotropy is more pronounced at lower pressures with Ka (at zero pressure) estimated to be 10 (8) × 10–5 kbar−1. The major contribution to the compression is a cooperative rotation of adjacent SiN3O tetrahedra brought about by a decrease in the Si–O–Si bond angle. The shortening of one Si–N bond within each tetrahedron further enhances the compression, especially along the b direction.
Motionless phase stepping in X-ray phase contrast imaging with a compact source (2013)

X-ray phase contrast imaging offers a way to visualize the internal structures of an object without the need to deposit significant radiation, and thereby alleviate the main concern in X-ray diagnostic imaging procedures today. Grating-based differential phase contrast imaging techniques are compatible with compact X-ray sources, which is a key requirement for the majority of clinical X-ray modalities. However, these methods are substantially limited by the need for mechanical phase stepping. We describe an electromagnetic phase-stepping method that eliminates mechanical motion, thus removing the constraints in speed, accuracy, and flexibility. The method is broadly applicable to both projection and tomography imaging modes. The transition from mechanical to electromagnetic scanning should greatly facilitate the translation of X-ray phase contrast techniques into mainstream applications.
Generalised triangular basis multipliers for the design of Reed-Solomon codecs (2002)

In this paper a generalised definition of a triangular basis for GF(2/sup m/) is presented. This definition is more flexible than the traditional definition and allows a number of triangular bases to be determined to any given basis. The triangular basis to the polynomial basis can then be used which has the simplest basis transformation in modified Hasan-Bhargava multipliers. It is shown that when the defining irreducible polynomial for the field is a trinomial, the triangular basis is a permutation of the polynomial basis elements. Furthermore, if the defining irreducible polynomial is a pentanomial of a certain form, the triangular basis can be obtained from the polynomial basis with a reordering of the coefficients and two GF(2) additions. This new definition of triangularity allows for reduced complexity modified Hasan-Bhargava multipliers to be designed which in turn reduces the hardware complexity of Reed-Solomon codecs using these multipliers. Finally, a simple method of making large hardware savings in Reed-Solomon decoders utilising frequency domain decoding is presented.
Adenocarcinoma Cells Trapped on a Millipore Filter in a Patient with Meningeal Carcinomatosis (1980)

A patient with meningeal carcinomatosis and hydrocephalus secondary to metastatic adenocarcinoma of the breast is presented. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt with a 3-microns Millipore filter was placed to prevent abdominal seeding of tumor cells. Within 5 days the shunt became plugged, requiring removal of the plugged filter. Tumor cells and hematogenous cells were found on the ventricular surface of the filter. The histological findings and the electron microscopy of these cells are presented. Millipore filters should probably not be placed in patients with carcinomatous meningitis.
<i>Statistical Theory with Engineering Applications</i> (1953)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation A. Hald, Bernard Friedman; Statistical Theory with Engineering Applications. Physics Today 1 December 1953; 6 (12): 20–21. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3061079 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search
SORPTION OF VAPOUR BY CHABAZITE (1930)

Abstract 1. The sorption amounts and velocities by chabazite of fifteen substances have been measured at 25.0°C. by a statical method. 2. The sorption amounts of the vapours of pentane, benzene, ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, acetone, and ethyl acetate have been found to be negligibly small, while those of methyl alcohol, methyl amine, carbon dioxide and carbon bisulphide have been found to be great. Ethyl alcohol, ethyl amine, propyl amine and butyl amine have been slightly sorbed. 3. No change in appearance of the mineral has been observed by the first sorption of alcohols, amines and carbon dioxide, but in the case of carbon bisulphide the crystal of chabazite have becomes yellow in colour, probably indicating catalytic decomposition of this vapour into free sulphur, hydrogen sulphide and other decomposition products. 4. By the repeated sorptioas of methyl amine, methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol, the crystals of chabazite have become more or less fragile, and by heating and evacuating these fragile crystals have disintegrated themselves into fine powders. 5. The vapours which have large molecular volumes are generally difficult, if not impossible, to be sorbed by chabazite. The large gaps in sorption amounts between methyl and ethyl compounds in alcohol and amine series may be attributed to the same reason. 6. With regard to the sorption velocities of alcohols, the following formula has been applied which has some theoretical meaning: (Remark: Graphics omitted.) where x is the sorption amount at time t, and a, b, k and h the empirical constants.
New insights into the prevention of staphylococcal infections and toxic shock syndrome (2010)

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen capable of causing various diseases, from skin infections to life-threatening pneumonia and toxic shock syndrome. S. aureus exoproteins, including superantigens, contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of this organism. Antibiotics inhibit growth, but often provide no protection from S. aureus exoproteins. With the emergence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus, new therapeutic options to treat or prevent S. aureus-associated diseases are critical. Most S. aureus infections begin on the skin or mucosal surfaces from direct inflammatory or cytotoxic effects of exotoxins. Therefore, antitoxin therapies that prevent toxin production and prevent their effects on host cells are being researched. Current treatments for staphylococcal diseases and recent developments in antitoxin therapeutic agents and vaccines are reviewed.
The Allure of the Illogic: A Coherent Solution for Rule 703 Requires More Than Redefining "Facts or Data" (1996)

In his article entitled Developing A Coherent Theory of the Structure of Federal Rule of Evidence 703, Professor Imwinkelried proposes a theory for the interpretation of Rule 703. He argues that a restrictive interpretation of the terms "facts or data" in Rule 703 would resolve the conflicts that have plagued that Rule. Professor Imwinkelried's proposal would exclude research data and other background facts from the definition of "facts or data." By his interpretation, when an expert is testifying to an opinion based on facts that have not been proven at the trial the expert witness may only rely on unproven case-specific facts--facts directly related to the cause of action. While I disagree with his interpretation of the scope of the terms "facts or data," that disagreement is unimportant to the serious problem with Rule 703 that should be addressed in a "coherent" theory. That problem is a deeper, more fundamental flaw in the logic of Rule 703 which Professor Imwinkelried passingly acknowledged, but chose to ignore.' This is the inconsistency in allowing expert witnesses to rely on facts that are not before the jury (both case-specific facts and scientific or background facts), and then pretending that those facts are not being accepted for truth when the jury accepts and relies upon the expert witness' conclusions.\nTwitted by Professor Imwinkelried for having "been content to discuss [this] individual issue[], without endeavoring to develop a coherent theory of the structure of Rule 703, I would like to take this opportunity to further open myself to his criticism by advancing that narrow issue again and, hopefully, demonstrating that his "coherent" theory misses the point.\nProfessor Imwinkelried first argues that the validity of the scientific basis of expert witness testimony should be governed by Rule 703 because it was designed for that purpose. After all, the Rule is entitled "Basis of Expert Witness Testimony." While I personally agree that the basis of expert testimony should be controlled by the rule bearing that title, Rule 703 establishes a standard for judicial screening of an expert witness' basis only for facts or data, and that standard is applicable only when the facts or data considered by the expert in arriving at. his conclusion are not part of the factual record before the jury. Perhaps this is why the Supreme Court concluded that Rule 702, not Rule 703, controls the scientific basis of expert testimony.\nThroughout the remainder of his article, Professor Imwinkelried identifies many of the disputes that exist about the interpretation of Rule 703, and explains how limiting the expert's reliance on inadmissible "facts or data" to "case-specific" facts or data, resolves those disputes. I believe that his limited interpretation of "facts or data" is unjustified. But more importantly, in focusing on those terms, he has lost sight of the more fundamental problem of the Rule's illogic. Before examining this disagreement and identifying the problem, however, the underlying rationale of Rule 703 should be clear.
Studies of pneumolysin, the membrane damaging toxin of Streptococcus pneumoniae. (1988)

A recombinant phage that produced a polypeptide possessing the characteristics of pneumolysin, the membrane damaging toxin of the pneumococcus, was isolated from a bank of pneumococcal sequences in ?gt10. Subclones carrying the pneumolysin gene in various plasmids were haemolytic regardless of the orientation of the insert. The nucleotide sequence of a 5 kb fragment carrying the pneumolysin gene was determined. An open reading frame 1413 bp long was identified that when translated encoded a polypeptide with 471 amino acids and a molecular weight 52.8 kD. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the predicted protein was identical to that of native pneumolysin. A single cysteine residue was present at position 428 in the amino acid sequence. Comparison of the DNA and amino acid sequences of pneumolysin with streptolysin O (SLO) revealed extensive homology in the amino acid sequence. The longest region of identity was a sequence of 12 amino acids surrounding the unique cysteine. A hybrid gene consisting of the 5' region of the pneumolysin gene and the 3' end of the SLO gene was constructed. The fusion polypeptide was made in E. coli, but possessed a very low haemolytic activity. Using the technique of oligonucleotide-mediated site-directed mutagenesis, two mutant genes were constructed in which the cysteine codon was changed to either a glycine or serine codon. Modified toxins when purified from E. coli had a specific activity of about 1-2 % that of wild type pneumolysin.
Improving NESB Students’ Learning in Communication Through Simulating Social Media: An Australian Case Study (2012)

Australian universities are mindful of graduating students who are prepared for the workforce. A growing trend in organisational communication is the use of digital/electronic media to communicate with stakeholders, and many universities are now adopting pedagogy that simulates professional use of social media.International students who come from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) and are new to Australian university study can often struggle with understanding information that is delivered verbally, particularly when delivered under the traditional lecture/tutorial or didactic approach. The use of online communication in the curriculum can improve employability skills and heighten comprehension for NESB students.This paper examines results by NESB students mainly from Chinese universities studying through a collaborative articulated pathway program who have completed the core communication unit between 2010 and 2012. The majority of these students have come from limited English-speaking environments. The paper analyses their results and uses contemporary literature to form conclusions on cognitive capabilities for the NESB cohort when studying this introductory unit on-campus.The student results and the literature analysed demonstrates that NESB students perform better when comprehending and consolidating knowledge delivered through interactivity involving digital communication, primarily e-text-based content that simulates social media. It concludes that electronic communication based on social media model can heighten NESB student engagement and improve employability.
Ceramic bearing surfaces in total artificial joints: Resistance to third body wear damage from bone cement particles (1991)

Studies of explanted Charnley hip prostheses have shown damage or scratching of the polished stainless steel femoral heads. This surface damage is probably due to third body wear by bone cement particles. Damaged femoral heads will produce increased wear rates of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) acetabular cups. Sliding wear tests carried out in the laboratory have shown that alumina ceramic counterfaces are more resistant to third body damage from bone cement particles than stainless steel counterfaces. The use of the ceramic femoral heads in artificial hip joints will help to preserve the smooth surface finish on the femoral bearing surface, which is necessary to ensure low wear rates of the UHMWPE cup throughout the lifetime of the prosthesis.
Sample Size Required for Estimating the Standard Deviation as a Per Cent of its True Value (1950)

Abstract One frequently encounters the need of a rational selection of sample size when it is desired to estimate the standard deviation. Changing the permissible error of the estimate from an absolute to a relative one is acceptable in many cases and permits an exact, a priori solution to the problem of sample size without involving any previous estimates.