gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isomerization and Dimerization of Indocyanine Green and a Related Heptamethine Dye (2019)

Indocyanine green (ICG) and a second heptamethine cyanine dye were studied in detail using 2D NMR spectroscopy at multiple temperatures. In addition to the all‐ trans conformation, we found in both cases a small percentage of a specific β‐γ cis isomer. Exchange rates extrapolated from 2D EXSY spectra under slow exchange conditions are in agreement with that estimated from methine 1 H linewidths near coalescence and with previous photo‐isomerization studies. We could also confirm our previous hypothesis that, under aerobic conditions in combination with exposure to daylight, ICG undergoes radical dimerization specifically at the γ position.
A prototype reading coach that listens (1994)

What: Project LISTEN is developing a novel weapon against illiteracy: an automated reading coach that displays a story on a computer screen, listens to a child read it aloud, and helps where needed. The coach provides a combination of reading and listening, in which the child reads wherever possible, and the coach helps wherever necessary. We demonstrated a prototype of this coach at the ARPA Workshop on Human Language Technology in March 1994. A short video shows the coach in action [1].
Quality‐of‐life differences between prophylactic and on‐demand factor replacement therapy in European haemophilia patients (2002)

The European Study on the Clinical Outcomes and Resource Utilization associated with Haemophilia Care was designed to compare various health outcomes associated with on-demand and prophylactic factor substitution methods in European haemophilia patients. While the primary objective of this research is to conduct an economic analysis, an important component of this study is to evaluate quality-of-life differences that may exist between patients who utilize these two styles of therapy. Quality-of-life research has emerged as a primary measure of health outcomes because it allows the augmentation of traditional clinical indicators of health with data gathered from the patient's perspective. A total of 1033 haemophilia patients from 16 European haemophilia treatment centres were enrolled in this study. The SF-36, a multidimensional quality-of-life instrument, was administered to all participants. This instrument measures eight health-related quality-of-life dimensions: physical functioning, physical role limitations, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional role limitations, and mental health. All haemophilia subjects enrolled in the study scored significantly lower than the population normative means in the three physical dimensions and in the general health dimension. HIV-negative haemophiliac subjects differed significantly by factor substitution type in a multivariate analysis examining all eight health dimensions. Univariate analyses testing each dimension separately indicated that patients treated prophylactically reported significantly less bodily pain, better general health, and scored significantly higher in the physical functioning, mental health, and social functioning dimensions. While these results suggest that health-related quality-of-life may be better for haemophilia patients treated prophylactically, future prospective studies that gather periodic quality-of-life data over time should be conducted.
A Printed Crescent Patch Antenna for Ultrawideband Applications (2007)

A miniaturized crescent-shape microstrip antenna is proposed for ultrawideband (3-10 GHz) applications. The crescent antenna is evolved from an elliptical patch antenna by carving a circular hole inside symmetrically. The circular aperture introduces an additional antenna in-band resonance and provides wider bandwidth with more design flexibility. The radiation characteristics of this crescent antenna are investigated with full-wave electromagnetic simulations and compared with an elliptical antenna. A crescent antenna prototype that occupies only 60% area of the elliptical patch is fabricated and tested. Antenna pattern and impedance measurements show good performance over the 3-10 GHz band with consistent radiation patterns, low cross polarization, and a substantial gain. The design method is also described
Accurate Structure Prediction of CDR H3 Loops Enabled by a Novel Structure-Based C-Terminal Constraint (2016)

Ab structure prediction has made great strides, but accurately modeling CDR H3 loops remains elusive. Unlike the other five CDR loops, CDR H3 does not adopt canonical conformations and must be modeled de novo. During Antibody Modeling Assessment II, we found that biasing simulations toward kinked conformations enables generating low-root mean square deviation models (Weitzner et al. 2014. Proteins 82: 1611-1623), and since then, we have presented new geometric parameters defining the kink conformation (Weitzner et al. 2015. Structure 23: 302-311). In this study, we use these parameters to develop a new biasing constraint. When applied to a benchmark set of high-quality CDR H3 loops, the average minimum root mean square deviation sampled is 0.93 Å, compared with 1.34 Å without the constraint. We then test the performance of the constrained de novo method for homology modeling and rigid-body docking and present the results for 1) the Antibody Modeling Assessment II targets, 2) the 2009 RosettaAntibody benchmark set, and 3) the high-quality set.
A flying projector stabilizing image fluctuation (2014)

This paper proposes an autonomous flying projector (AFP) that projects images from a micro aerial vehicle (MAV) on which a small projector is placed. The AFP works as a public and ubiquitous display, and has a potential for an expansion of projector applications (e.g., a digital signage moving in response to a distribution state of people, and the one following moving targets such as a person and a vehicle). We achieve to reduce fluctuations of projected images using a geometric correction method based on the estimation of the projector's position and orientation.
Host-guest complexation. 15. Macrocyclic acetylacetone ligands for metal cations (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHost-guest complexation. 15. Macrocyclic acetylacetone ligands for metal cationsAlbert H. Alberts and Donald J. CramCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 13, 3545–3553Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00507a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00507a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The design and construction of yacht sails (1962)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, 1962.
Novel feature for quantifying temporal variability of Poincaré plot: A case study (2009)

The Poincare plot of RR intervals is one of the most popular techniques used in heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. The standard descriptors SD1 and SD2 of Poincare plot represents the distribution of signal by quantifying spatial (shape) information. The present study proposes a novel descriptor, Complex Correlation Measure (CCM), to quantify changes in temporal structure of points of Poincare plots. To compare performance of CCM with standard Poincare descriptor SD1 and SD2, we have calculated ROC area for each descriptor between Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) subjects. The RR intervals of 54 NSR subjects and 29 CHF subjects from Physionet NSR and CHF database are used. The p value obtained from chi-square analysis between two groups was found significant only for CCM (p=9.07E-14). The largest ROC area between two groups was for CCM (0.92) which indicate that CCM can be used as a significant feature for detecting pathology.
Liver fibrosis (2005)

PPARγ agonists but not PPAR antagonists, as listed in Table 2, have shown inhibitory effects on HSCs and antifibrotic effects in animal models with liver fibrosis and patients with NASH.
Identification of a Novel Oxazolidinone (U-100480) with Potent Antimycobacterial Activity (1996)

During the course of our investigations in the oxazolidinone antibacterial agent area, we have identified a subclass with especially potent in vitro activity against mycobacteria. The salient structural feature of these oxazolidinone analogues, 6 (U-100480), 7 (U-101603), and 8 (U-101244), is their appended thiomorpholine moiety. The rational design, synthesis, and evaluation of the in vitro antimycobacterial activity of these analogues is described. Potent activity against a screening strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was demonstrated by 6 and 7 (minimum inhibitory concentrations or MIC's < or = 0.125 micrograms/mL). Oxazolidinones 6 and 8 exhibit MIC90 values of 0.50 micrograms/mL or less against a panel of organisms consisting of five drug-sensitive and five multidrug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis, with 6 being the most active congener. Potent in vitro activity against other mycobacterial species was also demonstrated by 6. For example, 6 exhibited excellent in vitro activity against multiple clinical isolates of Mycobacterium avium complex (MIC's = 0.5-4 micrograms/mL). Orally administered 6 displays in vivo efficacy against M. tuberculosis and M. avium similar to that of clinical comparators isoniazid and azithromycin, respectively. Consideration of these factors, along with a favorable pharmaco-kinetic and chronic toxicity profile in rats, suggests that 6 (U-100480) is a promising antimycobacterial agent.
Taurolidine cooperates with antineoplastic drugs in neuroblastoma cells (2014)

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial tumor in childhood. Outcome of stage 4 disease remains poor and the development of novel therapeutic approaches is thus urgently needed. Taurolidine (TRD), originally invented to avoid catheter infections, has shown to exhibit antineoplastic activity in various cancers. The growth of neuroblastoma cell lines is inhibited by TRD as recently demonstrated. Further analysis disclosed a significant negative growth effect of TRD on the four neuroblastoma cell lines SH-EP TET21N, SK-N-AS, SK-N-BE(2)-M17 and SK-N-SH. Detected IC50 (51-274 μM; 48 h) are promising and correspond to clinically-achievable plasma levels. Apoptosis was induced (76-86%; 48 h) in a time-dependent manner mediated by a simultaneous activation of the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. This was confirmed by cleavage of caspases -3, -8 and -9 and abrogation of apoptosis by pan-caspase inhibition. Application of TRD resulted in a significant enhancement of cytotoxic drugs vincristine/doxorubicin (2/3 of 4 cell lines) making TRD a promising candidate to be included in neuroblastoma therapy regimens in the future.
A MEMS Vibrating Edge Supported Plate for the Simultaneous Measurement of Density and Viscosity: Results for Argon, Nitrogen, and Methane at Temperatures from (297 to 373) K and Pressures between (1 and 62) MPa (2008)

An edge supported plate fabricated by the methods of MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) is described that differs from the device reported by Goodwin et al. (J. Chem. Eng. Data 2006, 51, 190−208) in both design and plate area, which is about 2.4 times greater in this case. Two decoupled semiempirical equations are used, one for density and the other for viscosity, as reported by Goodwin et al. (J. Chem. Eng. Data 2006, 51, 190−208). Measurements were performed when a MEMS was immersed in argon, nitrogen, and methane at T ≈ 296 K and pressures between (1 and 8) MPa and when another similar MEMS was immersed in argon and nitrogen at temperatures between (333 and 393) K and pressures in the range (20 to 62) MPa where the fluid viscosities are known to vary from (11 to 50) μPa·s and the densities cover the range (11 to 672) kg·m−3. The unknown parameters in the semiempirical working equations were determined by calibration with argon. For the device exposed to pressures between (1 and 8) MPa for argon, nitrogen, and methane, the empirical expressions provided estimates of density within ± 0.5 % and viscosity typically within ± 1 % of the literature values, while the other device used for measurements with argon and nitrogen at pressures between (20 and 62) MPa at temperatures in the range (333 to 393) K gave densities that differed < ± 1 % and viscosities within ± 15 % of literature values.
Interferons as Gene Activators (1989)

We have described earlier a gene cluster, including at least six interferon-activatable genes closely linked to the erythroid alpha spectrin locus and the serum amyloid P-component locus on murine chromosome 1. Here, we report that sequences of three genes from the cluster (the 201, 202, and 204 genes) are very similar in a segment extending from at least 550 nucleotides upstream of the 3' end of the transcription initiation region to beyond the first exon intron border (96% similarity between the 202 and 204 genes and 89% similarity between the 201 and 204 genes). This region contains the following two types of interferon-responsive enhancers: a GA box and a Friedman Stark sequence. The proteins coded for by the 202 gene (51 kDa) and the 204 gene (72 kDa) are hydrophilic. The amino acids have been conserved in the two proteins in 47% of the sequence. Each protein includes two apparently contiguous, approximately 200-amino acid long segments with much sequence similarity (27% in the 202 protein and 34% in the 204 protein). These segments are preceded in the 204 protein only by a segment including four perfect and three imperfect repeats of a 7 amino acid sequence. These and other data suggest that the evolution of the gene cluster involved the duplication of a DNA segment generating a double length transcription unit and subsequent divergence and duplication of this unit giving rise to at least two interferon-activatable genes (the 202 and 204 genes).
Erectile Dysfunction: Anatomical Parameters, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Therapy (2005)

Functional anatomy of the human penis involves various parameters: cavernous tissue, covering integument, prepuce foreskin, corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum, glans, facia, arterial supply, venous drainage, lymph drainage, musculature, and nerve supply. Several factors affect the expression/degree of erectile dysfunction (ED) endocrine profile, aging/senescence, demyelinating diseases, and surgery. Risk factors of ED are: age, vascular factors, metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus), neurologic diseases, and HIV/AIDS. Several drugs are associated with ED: antiandrogenic, anticholinergic, antidepressants, antihypertensive, major tranquilizers, anxiolytics, and certain medicines/metabolites. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) is a multidimensional scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction. The main structures mediating erection are the corpora cavernosa or "erectile bodies," which are fused distally for approximately three-quarters of their length. They separate proximally to fuse with each ischial tuberosity of the pelvis. On their ventral surface lies the corpus spongiosum, which surrounds the urethra. Coital dysfunction is classified into "erectile dysfunction" (psychosexual and endocrine/neuro-endocrine) and "ejaculatory dysfunction" (psychosexual, and genitourinary surgery). Vasculogenic impotence was evaluated by high-resolution ultrasonography and pulsed Doppler spectrum analysis. Cavernosal, alpha-blockade is a technique used to evaluate and treat ED. Another diagnostic procedure for ED involves color floro and spectural Doppler imaging after papaverine-induced erection in impotent men. Color Doppler and duplex ultrasonography are used to evaluate Peyronie's disease. Sildenafil cilrate (Viagra) is an effective therapy of ED in men. Vardenavil is a highly selective phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor which improved ED. Prostagland E1, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and phentolamine mesylate (administered by autoinjectors) have been applied to treat ED in patients resistant to other intracavernosal agents. Clinical trials were conducted on self-injection of vasoactive drugs, apomorphine SL, and tadalafil in diabetic men. Medical therapy of ED includes: medicated urethral system for erection (MUSE), intravenous pharmacotherapy, arterial revascularization, vacuum devices, two- and three-component inflatable penile prosthesis, semi-rigid penile prosthesis in situ, and inflatable one-piece penile prosthesis. Surgical therapy include procedures to correct Peyronie's penile deformity and penile deformity, procedures to avoid inevitable shortening accompanying Nesbit's disease, and for penile lengthening.
Robust control of a compact disc player (2005)

The design of robust controllers for a compact disc mechanism is considered. Using mu synthesis, a controller has been designed for good track-following. The design problem involves time-domain constraints on signals and robustness requirements for norm-bounded structured plant uncertainty. It is shown that by using weighting functions in the mu framework this problem can be solved, but at the cost of many design iterations. The mu controller has been implemented in an experimental setup with a digitally controlled compact disc player.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phosphite, an Analog of Phosphate, Suppresses the Coordinated Expression of Genes under Phosphate Starvation (2002)

Phosphate (Pi) and its analog phosphite (Phi) are acquired by plants via Pi transporters. Although the uptake and mobility of Phi and Pi are similar, there is no evidence suggesting that plants can utilize Phi as a sole source of phosphorus. Phi is also known to interfere with many of the Pi starvation responses in plants and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). In this study, effects of Phi on plant growth and coordinated expression of genes induced by Pi starvation were analyzed. Phi suppressed many of the Pi starvation responses that are commonly observed in plants. Enhanced root growth and root to shoot ratio, a hallmark of Pi stress response, was strongly inhibited by Phi. The negative effects of Phi were not obvious in plants supplemented with Pi. The expression of Pi starvation-induced genes such as LePT1, LePT2, AtPT1, and AtPT2 (high-affinity Pi transporters); LePS2 (a novel acid phosphatase); LePS3 and TPSI1 (novel genes); and PAP1 (purple acid phosphatase) was suppressed by Phi in plants and cell cultures. Expression of luciferase reporter gene driven by the Pi starvation-induced AtPT2 promoter was also suppressed by Phi. These analyses showed that suppression of Pi starvation-induced genes is an early response to addition of Phi. These data also provide evidence that Phi interferes with gene expression at the level of transcription. Synchronized suppression of multiple Pi starvation-induced genes by Phi points to its action on the early molecular events, probably signal transduction, in Pi starvation response.
Pathogenesis and Host Control of Gammaherpesviruses: Lessons from the Mouse (2011)

Gammaherpesviruses are lymphotropic viruses that are associated with the development of lymphoproliferative diseases, lymphomas, as well as other nonlymphoid cancers. Most known gammaherpesviruses establish latency in B lymphocytes. Research on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68/γHV68/MHV4) has revealed a complex relationship between virus latency and the stage of B cell differentiation. Available data support a model in which gammaherpesvirus infection drives B cell proliferation and differentiation. In general, the characterized gammaherpesviruses exhibit a very narrow host tropism, which has severely limited studies on the human gammaherpesviruses EBV and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. As such, there has been significant interest in developing animal models in which the pathogenesis of gammaherpesviruses can be characterized. MHV68 represents a unique model to define the effects of chronic viral infection on the antiviral immune response.
Quantum Hysteresis in Molecular Magnets (1996)

Magnetic materials normally exhibit a smooth response to external fields, but recent experiments reported in Physical Review Letters yield stepwise response curves. In his Perspective, Chudnovsky discusses the results, which may be evidence for quantum behavior on a macroscopic scale.
Identification and quantitation of HIV-1 in the liver of patients with AIDS (1992)

These findings strongly indicate that HIV-1 could replicate in the liver of a majority of patients with AIDS.
Energetics of complementary side chain packing in a protein hydrophobic core (1989)

The energetics of complementary packing of nonpolar side chains in the hydrophobic core of a protein were analyzed by protein engineering experiments. We have made the mutations Ile----Val, Ile----Ala, and Leu----Ala in a region of the small bacterial ribonuclease barnase where the major alpha-helix packs onto the central beta-sheet. The destabilization resulting from the creation of cavities was determined by measuring the decrease in free energy of folding from reversible denaturation induced by urea, guanidinium chloride, or heat. The different methods give consistent and reproducible results. The loss in free energy of folding for the mutant proteins is 1.0-1.6 kcal/mol per methylene group removed. This exceeds by severalfold the values obtained from model experiments of the partitioning of relevant side chains between aqueous and nonpolar solvents. Much of this discrepancy arises because two surfaces are buried when a protein folds--both the amino acid side chain in question and the portions of the protein into which it packs. These experiments directly demonstrate that the interior packing of a protein is crucial in stabilizing its three-dimensional structure: the conversion of leucine or isoleucine to alanine in the hydrophobic core loses half the net free energy of folding of barnase with a concomitant decrease in yield of the expressed recombinant protein.
Dissolution or extraction of crustacean shells using ionic liquids to obtain high molecular weight purified chitin and direct production of chitin films and fibers (2010)

1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate can completely dissolve raw crustacean shells, leading to recovery of a high purity, high molecular weight chitin powder and to fibers and films which can be spun directly from the extract solution.