gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of ZnO Nanorods and Nanotubes in Aqueous Solutions (2005)

A novel aqueous solution method has been developed for growing well-aligned crystalline ZnO nanorods (NRs) and nanotubes (NTs) on a variety of substrates including Si wafers, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and sapphire. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) was first used to grow a uniform ZnO film on the substrate of choice and to serve as templating seed layer for the subsequent growth of NRs and NTs. On this ZnO layer highly oriented two-dimensional NR arrays of ZnO were obtained by solution growth process using zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine in aqueous solution. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the ZnO NRs. The diameter of ZnO NRs obtained varies according to the concentration of reactants, reaction temperature, and solution pH. The length of the ZnO NRs is controlled by growth time as well as by the concentration of reagents in the aqueous solution. ZnO NTs with diameters of 40−60 nm were found to self-assemble on the top faces of ZnO NRs. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) confirmed the single crystalline nature of the ZnO NTs. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis indicated the existence of nitrogen at the core of ZnO NTs during their formation, which provides useful information to propose the growth mechanism of ZnO NTs.
Securing Personal Network clusters (2007)

A Personal Network is a self-organizing, secure and private network of a user’s devices notwithstanding their geographic location. It aims to utilize pervasive computing to provide users with new and improved services. In this paper we propose a model for securing Personal Network clusters. Clusters are ad-hoc networks of co-located personal devices. The ad-hoc makeup of clusters, coupled with the resource constrained nature of many constituent devices, makes enforcing security a challenging task. We propose a novel way of imprinting personal devices and pre-deploying tickets for future authentication. Our key management framework is based on a combination of existing models, albeit modified to match the constraints and assets of Personal Networks. The mechanisms for self organization are original since they need to be tailored to our proposed security framework. All models are designed to be suitable for resource constrained devices yet robust enough for self organization and secure communication.
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy of Leukocyte Adhesion in the Microcirculation of the Inflamed Rat Knee Joint Capsule (1999)

Confocal laser scanning microscopy is a tool for the study of the microcirculation in nontransparent organs. The microcirculation of the acutely inflamed rat knee joint capsule can serve as a model of integrin-mediated LA in vivo. Antiadhesive treatment of animals can reduce the tissue infiltration with inflammatory cells.
Presence and portrayal (2006)

In this paper we present experimental results rating the experience of users conversing in a casual video/audio dialogue, in a simulated home environment. Here video-realistic images are problematic and prone to numerous "medium effects", such as unaligned eye-gaze, which can be misattributed as personal flaws. We tested three levels of manipulated video to see if they improved user's sense of: (a) presence, (b) portrayal and (c) preference. By blurring the background we found a manipulation that is both preferred and more efficiently coded than the original.
A Rotational Viscometer Using an A.C. Torque to Balance Loop and Air Bearing (1963)

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Dynamic stability with the disturbance-free payload architecture as applied to the Large UV/Optical/Infrared (LUVOIR) mission (2017)

The need for high payload dynamic stability and ultra-stable mechanical systems is an overarching technology need for large space telescopes such as the Large Ultraviolet / Optical / Infrared (LUVOIR) Surveyor. Wavefront error stability of less than 10 picometers RMS of uncorrected system WFE per wavefront control step represents a drastic performance improvement over current space-based telescopes being fielded. Previous studies of similar telescope architectures have shown that passive telescope isolation approaches are hard-pressed to meet dynamic stability requirements and usually involve complex actively-controlled elements and sophisticated metrology. To meet these challenging dynamic stability requirements, an isolation architecture that involves no mechanical contact between telescope and the host spacecraft structure has the potential of delivering this needed performance improvement. One such architecture, previously developed by Lockheed Martin called Disturbance Free Payload (DFP), is applied to and analyzed for LUVOIR. In a noncontact DFP architecture, the payload and spacecraft fly in close proximity, and interact via non-contact actuators to allow precision payload pointing and isolation from spacecraft vibration. Because disturbance isolation through non-contact, vibration isolation down to zero frequency is possible, and high-frequency structural dynamics of passive isolators are not introduced into the system. In this paper, the system-level analysis of a non-contact architecture is presented for LUVOIR, based on requirements that are directly traceable to its science objectives, including astrophysics and the direct imaging of habitable exoplanets. Aspects of architecture and how they contribute to system performance are examined and tailored to the LUVOIR architecture and concept of operation.
All-Angle Negative Refraction for Surface Plasmon Waves Using a Metal-Dielectric-Metal Structure (2006)

We show that a metal-dielectric-metal structure can function as a negative refraction lens for surface plasmon waves on a metal surface. The structure is uniform with respect to a plane of incidence and operates at the optical frequency range. Using three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations, we demonstrate the imaging operation of the structure with realistic material parameters including dispersions and losses. Our design should facilitate the demonstration of many novel effects associated with negative refraction on chip at optical wavelength ranges. In addition, this structure provides a new way of controlling the propagation of surface plasmons, which are important for nanoscale manipulation of optical waves.
Monitoring of extracellular matrix metabolism and cross‐linking in tissue, serum and urine of patients with chromoblastomycosis, a chronic skin fibrosis (1998)

This is the first demonstration that, in addition to its fungicidal activity, terbinafine acts in vivo as an antifibrotic drug.
A pricing model for high speed networks with guaranteed quality of service (2002)

In this paper, we discuss the role of prices in combining user characterization, network resource allocation, and contract negotiation to form a complete connection establishment process. We suggest that such a process should encourage network efficiency through distributed resource allocation among virtual circuits, circuit bundles, and virtual paths. We adopt effective bandwidth as our user traffic characterization and our pricing base, and we measure network efficiency by total user benefit. We allow a limited degree of statistical multiplexing by incorporating multiplexing gain into the prices. Finally, we propose a hierarchical and distributed negotiation structure under which only hierarchically adjacent and geographically local network entities communicate with each other.
In vitro evaluation of the effect of aortic compliance on pediatric intra-aortic balloon pumping (2001)

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of aortic compliance on pediatric intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP). DESIGN: In vitro study using a mechanical model of the pediatric left heart circulation. SETTING: Cardiovascular fluid dynamics research laboratory. SUBJECT: Pulsatile flow system simulating the pediatric left heart circulation and two different aortas with compliances comparable to those of the pediatric aorta (0.12 and 0.07 mL/mm Hg). INTERVENTIONS: Measurements were made at a baseline peak aortic flow of 4 L/min, at simulated shock (1.7 L/min), and with 1:1 IABP (rates, 130 and 150 bpm; balloon volumes, 2.5 and 5.0 mL). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Peak flow rates were measured in the ascending aorta, coronary arterial system, and brachiocephalic arterial systems. Aortic pressure was measured in the ascending aorta. For both aortas (0.12 and 0.07 mL/mm Hg), IABP resulted in diastolic augmentation (38 +/- 8 and 43 +/- 16 mm Hg) and afterload reduction (4 +/- 2 and 6 +/- 3 mm Hg). For both aortas, compared to shock, IABP resulted in significant increases in coronary arterial and brachiocephalic arterial flow and aortic pressure for both aortas. Aortic flow significantly increased only in the less-compliant aorta. CONCLUSIONS: In a laboratory model of pediatric left heart circulation, IABP results in diastolic augmentation, afterload reduction, and improved hemodynamics, even in aortas of greater compliance.
A new method to study changes in microvascular blood volume in muscle and adipose tissue: real-time imaging in humans and rat (2011)

We employed and evaluated a new application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for real-time imaging of changes in microvascular blood volume (MBV) in tissues in females, males, and rat. Continuous real-time imaging was performed using contrast-enhanced ultrasound to quantify infused gas-filled microbubbles in the microcirculation. It was necessary to infuse microbubbles for a minimum of 5-7 min to obtain steady-state bubble concentration, a prerequisite for making comparisons between different physiological states. Insulin clamped at a submaximal concentration (∼75 μU/ml) increased MBV by 27 and 39% in females and males, respectively, and by 30% in female subcutaneous adipose tissue. There was no difference in the ability of insulin to increase muscle MBV in females and males, and microvascular perfusion rate was not increased significantly by insulin. However, perfusion rate of the microvascular space was higher in females compared with males. In rats, insulin clamped at a maximal concentration increased muscle MBV by 60%. Large increases in microvascular volume and perfusion rate were detected during electrical stimulation of muscle in rats and immediately after exercise in humans. We have demonstrated that real-time imaging of changes in MBV is possible in human and rat muscle and in subcutaneous adipose tissue and that the method is sensitive enough to pick up relatively small changes in MBV when performed with due consideration of steady-state microbubble concentration. Because of real-time imaging, the method has wide applications for determining MBV in different organs during various physiological or pathophysiological conditions.
Rubber‐Modified epoxies. IV. Influence of morphology on mechanical properties (1991)

Abstract The mechanical properties of a system consisting of a bisphenol A diglycidylether (DGEBA) expoxy, cured with a cycloaliphatic diamine (4,4′‐diamino‐3,3 dimethyldicyclohexyl‐methane, 3DCM), in the presence of an epoxy‐terminated butadiene‐acrylonitrile random copolymer (ETBN), was studied as a function of the cure schedule and the initial rubber concentration. Fracture toughness ( K Ic ) and fracture energy ( G Ic ) were increased, while Young's modulus and yield strength decreased slightly with increasing volume fraction of the dispersed phase. We show that there is no significant influence of the precure schedule and of the various observed particle diameters on the mechanical properties for a constant rubber volume fraction. In our case, the main deformation process in the rubber‐modified epoxy networks is shear yielding while cavitation is negligible.
Space Telescope optical telescope assembly (1980)

The optical quality and stability requirements of the Space Telescope optical design rely on state-of-the-art developments in optics, structures, and sensors. This paper describes key elements of the design implementation of the Space Telescope's performance requirements.
Best Value or Lowest Bid? A Quantitative Perspective (2011)

In contrast to traditional price-dominated lowest bid (LB) procurements, best value (BV) procurements select contractors most advantageous to the clients, taking into consideration not only prices but also other factors. Decisions on whether LB or BV approach should be adopted are difficult ones. There is yet to be any objective model developed to back up such decisions. This paper proposes an index named price elasticity of performance (PEP) that may serve as a quantitative measure to reach an objective decision. The theoretical model construction of PEP is also described. Two measures in the individual and market levels of PEP are defined. A design/build construction project is selected as a working example to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method. Potential applications and limitations of the proposed method are also addressed. It is concluded that the proposed PEP method has the potential to resolve the dilemma of pursuing efficiency and avoiding violation of regulations in traditional procurements.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides (1990)

Abstract Disulfides can be easily prepared by electrochemical oxidation of the corresponding thiols in methanol/sodium methoxide solution under constant current conditions.
<title>High-speed Electro-Optical Signal Conversion Devices</title> (1980)

Interferometric waveguide modulators famed by Ti diffusion in LiNb0<sub>3</sub> are under development for use in a high-speed electrooptic analog-to-digital (A/D) converter operating in the 6-bit 1-GS/sec range. The operational principles of these modulators and the design considerations for the A/D converter will be reviewed and the operational characteristics of the fabricated waveguide modulators will be described. The devices have a 17-dB extinction ratio and modulation at 1.4 GHz has been demonstrated. To simulate the A/D conversion application, the modulators have also been used in conjunction with a frequency-doubled mode-locked Nd:YAG laser to sample a 69-MHz signal at 275 MS/sec.
Prunolides A, B, and C:  Novel Tetraphenolic Bis-Spiroketals from the Australian Ascidian <i>Synoicum </i><i>p</i><i>runum</i> (1999)

Three novel tetraphenolic bis-spiroketals, prunolides A-C (1, 3, and 4) have been isolated from the Australian ascidian Synoicum prunum. The structures were determined from NMR spectroscopic data and from an X-ray analysis of prunolide A. The prunolides contain a unique 1,6,8-trioxadispiro[4.1.4.2]trideca-3,10,12-triene-2,9-dione carbon skeleton. The known compound rubrolide A (5) was also isolated.
C/sup 3/L: a chip for connected component labeling (2002)

Connected component detection and labeling is an essential step in many image analysis techniques. In this paper, we propose a systolic VLSI architecture for labeling connected components in an image. The architecture has been designed and verified using Cadence Verilog-XL and also implemented on a rapid prototyping system using FPGA's connected as a linear systolic array. Although, the algorithm has a time complexity of O(N/sup 2/), this is in term of the actual clock cycle which is 15 ns. The proposed hardware can process a 128/spl times/128 image in 0.992 ms and uses 128 processors whereas the MPP requires 94.6 ms with 16384 processors.
Advances in Understanding the Process of Epileptogenesis Based on Patient Material: What Can the Patient Tell Us? (2003)

Many different types of epileptic seizures and epileptic syndromes exist. The process of epileptogenesis and the progressive nature of epilepsy, however, can most easily be investigated in the acquired epilepsies, in which a brain insult presumably gives rise to changes in neuronal systems that ultimately become capable of generating spontaneous ictal events. Invasive in vivo and in vitro research can be carried out in patients with acquired epileptogenic lesions in the course of epilepsy surgery; however, such studies are possible only for those epileptic conditions that can be treated surgically, and can be used only to examine an end stage of the epileptogenic process. Consequently, experimental animal models of human epileptic conditions are still required to study mechanisms by which specific cerebral insults initiate the epileptogenic process and the progression of an epileptic disturbance. Most current parallel human/animal invasive research has been focused on temporal lobe epilepsy, and particularly that form associated with hippocampal sclerosis, the most common human epileptogenic lesion. Studies indicate that epileptogenesis in this condition is initiated by specific types of cell loss and neuronal reorganization, which results not only in enhanced excitation, but also in enhanced inhibition, predisposing to hypersynchronization. Even within this single, well-studied epileptic disorder, evidence is found for more than one type of ictal onset, and individual seizures can demonstrate a transition from one ictal mechanism to another. Recent in vivo and in vitro parallel, reiterative investigations in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, and in rats with intrahippocampal kainate-induced hippocampal seizures, have revealed the presence of interictal epileptiform events, termed "fast ripples," which appear to be unique in tissue capable of generating spontaneous seizures. Pursuit of the fundamental mechanisms underlying these abnormalities should elucidate the neurobiologic basis of epileptogenicity in this disorder. Furthermore, if these events are markers for epileptogenicity, they may have clinical value for diagnosis and pharmacologic, as well as surgical, treatment. Further research is needed to determine if these observations are relevant to other types of epilepsies.
Design and tests of a portable mini gamma camera (2004)

Design optimization, manufacturing, and tests, both laboratory and clinical, of a portable gamma camera for medical applications are presented. This camera, based on a continuous scintillation crystal and a position-sensitive photomultiplier tube, has an intrinsic spatial resolution of approximately 2 mm, an energy resolution of 13% at 140 keV, and linearities of 0.28 mm (absolute) and 0.15 mm (differential), with a useful field of view of 4.6 cm diameter. Our camera can image small organs with high efficiency and so it can address the demand for devices of specific clinical applications like thyroid and sentinel node scintigraphy as well as scintimammography and radio-guided surgery. The main advantages of the gamma camera with respect to those previously reported in the literature are high portability, low cost, and weight (2 kg), with no significant loss of sensitivity and spatial resolution. All the electronic components are packed inside the minigamma camera, and no external electronic devices are required. The camera is only connected through the universal serial bus port to a portable personal computer (PC), where a specific software allows to control both the camera parameters and the measuring process, by displaying on the PC the acquired image on "real time." In this article, we present the camera and describe the procedures that have led us to choose its configuration. Laboratory and clinical tests are presented together with diagnostic capabilities of the gamma camera.
A one step synthesis of the ciclamycin trisaccharide (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA one step synthesis of the ciclamycin trisaccharideSubharekha Raghavan and Daniel KahneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 4, 1580–1581Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00057a056RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1053Altmetric-Citations202LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (303 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
International Trends in Mortality From Stroke, 1968 to 1994 (2000)

We observed large differences in mortality rates from stroke around the world together with a wide variation in mortality trends. A widening gap was observed between 2 groups of nations, those with low and declining stroke mortality rates and those with high and increasing mortality, in particular, between western and eastern Europe. Eastern European countries should initiate actions aiming at the reduction of stroke risk, perhaps by looking at the examples of Japan and Finland and the other countries that have been the most successful in reducing previously very high mortality from stroke.
The Population Genetics of the Origin and Divergence of the <i>Drosophila simulans</i> Complex Species (2000)

The origins and divergence of Drosophila simulans and close relatives D. mauritiana and D. sechellia were examined using the patterns of DNA sequence variation found within and between species at 14 different genes. D. sechellia consistently revealed low levels of polymorphism, and genes from D. sechellia have accumulated mutations at a rate that is approximately 50% higher than the same genes from D. simulans. At synonymous sites, D. sechellia has experienced a significant excess of unpreferred codon substitutions. Together these observations suggest that D. sechellia has had a reduced effective population size for some time, and that it is accumulating slightly deleterious mutations as a result. D. simulans and D. mauritiana are both highly polymorphic and the two species share many polymorphisms, probably since the time of common ancestry. A simple isolation speciation model, with zero gene flow following incipient species separation, was fitted to both the simulans/mauritiana divergence and the simulans/sechellia divergence. In both cases the model fit the data quite well, and the analyses revealed little evidence of gene flow between the species. The exception is one gene copy at one locus in D. sechellia, which closely resembled other D. simulans sequences. The overall picture is of two allopatric speciation events that occurred quite near one another in time.