gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Properties of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymersEugene R. MooreCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1986, 25, 2, 315–321Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300022a033https://doi.org/10.1021/i300022a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views950Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Cryptanalysis of the CHES 2009/2010 Random Delay Countermeasure (2010)

Abstract. Inserting random delays in cryptographic implementations is often used as a countermeasure against side-channel attacks. Most previous works on the topic focus on improving the statistical distribution of these delays. For example, efficient random delay generation algorithms have been proposed at CHES 2009/2010. These solutions increase security against attacks that solve the lack of synchronization between different leakage traces by integrating them. In this paper, we demonstrate that integration may not be the best tool to evaluate random delay insertions. For this purpose, we first describe different attacks exploiting pattern recognition techniques and Hidden Markov Models. Using these tools, we succeed in cryptanalyzing a (straightforward) implementation of the CHES 2009/2010 proposal in an Atmel microcontroller, with the same data complexity as an unprotected implementation of the AES Rijndael. In other words, we completely cancel the countermeasure in this case. Next, we show that our cryptanalysis tools are remarkably robust to attack improved variants of the countermeasure, e.g. with additional noise or irregular dummy operations. We also exhibit that the attacks remain applicable in a non-profiled adversarial scenario. Overall, these results suggest that the use of random delays may not be effective for protecting small embedded devices against side-channel leakage. They also confirm the need of worst-case analysis in physical security evaluations. 1
两个用于还原Active Directory对象的工具：即使是运行最稳定的网络环境仍然需要确保可以快速恢复 (2010)

还记得Windows95发布时为我们带来的回收站吗？我们拥有这个功能其实已经很久了，昔日的痛苦我们已经忘记——直到我们遇到意外地删除了Active Directory（AD）中某些东西的情况。Windows Server 2003引入了AD回收站的概念。
On Reduction of Agroclavine and Elymoclavine with Sodium and<i>n</i>-Butanol (1956)

Journal Article On Reduction of Agroclavine and Elymoclavine with Sodium and n-Butanol Get access Saburo Yamatodani, Saburo Yamatodani The Laboratory of the Institute for Fermentation attached to Takeda Pharmaceutical Industries , Ltd. Osaka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Matazo Abe Matazo Abe The Laboratory of the Institute for Fermentation attached to Takeda Pharmaceutical Industries , Ltd. Osaka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bulletin of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan, Volume 20, Issue 2, 1 April 1956, Pages 95–96, https://doi.org/10.1080/03758397.1956.10857312 Published: 01 April 1956 Article history Received: 01 April 1956 Published: 01 April 1956
Constitutive transcription of the osteocalcin gene in osteosarcoma cells is reflected by altered protein-DNA interactions at promoter regulatory elements. (1993)

The bone-specific osteocalcin (OC) gene is transcribed only after completion of proliferation in normal diploid calvarial-derived osteoblasts during extracellular matrix mineralization. In contrast, the OC gene is expressed constitutively in both proliferating and nonproliferating ROS 17/2.8 osteosarcoma cells. To address molecular mechanisms associated with these tumor-related modifications in transcriptional control, we examined sequence-specific interactions of transactivation factors at key basal and hormone-responsive elements in the OC gene promoter. In ROS 17/2.8 cells compared to normal diploid osteoblasts, the absence of a stringent requirement for cessation of proliferation to support both induction of OC transcription and steroid hormone-mediated transcriptional modulation is reflected by modifications in transcription factor binding at (i) the two primary basal regulatory elements, the OC box (which contains a CCAAT motif as a central core) and the TATA/glucocorticoid-responsive element domain, and (ii) the vitamin D-responsive element. Particularly striking are two forms of the vitamin D receptor complex that are present in proliferating osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells. Both forms of the complex are sensitive to vitamin D receptor antibody and retinoic X receptor antibody. After the down-regulation of proliferation, only the lower molecular weight complex is found in normal diploid osteoblasts. Both forms of the complex are present in nonproliferating ROS 17/2.8 cells with increased representation of the complex exhibiting reduced electrophoretic mobility that is phosphorylation-dependent.
Diamond field emitter array cathodes and possibilities of employing additive manufacturing for dielectric laser accelerating structures (2017)

Demonstration of a stand-alone practical dielectric laser accelerator (DLA) requires innovation in two major critical components: high-current ultra-low-emittance cathodes and efficient laser accelerator structures. LANL develops two technologies that in our opinion are applicable to the novel DLA architectures: diamond field emitter array (DFEA) cathodes and additive manufacturing of photonic band-gap (PBG) structures. This paper discusses the results of testing of DFEA cathodes in the field-emission regime and the possibilities for their operation in the photoemission regime, and compares their emission characteristics to the specific needs of DLAs. We also describe recent advances in additive manufacturing of dielectric woodpile structures using a Nanoscribe direct laser-writing device capable of maskless lithography and additive manufacturing, and the development of novel infrared dielectric materials compatible with additive manufacturing.
Radiotracer-based method for determining water solubility of highly insoluble compounds (2006)

Ascertaining the aqueous solubility of compounds is important in the selection of drug candidates. We describe a radiotracer method for estimating water solubility of compounds that are soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Various volumes of DMSO, saturated with 127I-labeled compound and spiked with the corresponding 125I-labeled derivative, are mixed in de-ionized water and the tubes centrifuged to remove insoluble material. Since (i) the iodine-127 and iodine-125 compounds have the same solubilities and are equally distributed in the DMSO–water solution, and (ii) the nonradioactive compound is accurately weighed, dissolved in a known volume of DMSO, and then further diluted as required, the concentration of compound in solution can be calculated and plotted as a function of the DMSO-to-water ratio. Water solubility of the compound is then determined by extrapolation of the linear fit of data points to zero DMSO. As proof of the methodology, 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine (IUdR) and 2-iodo-8-methyl-8H-quino[4,3,2-kl]acridine (IMAc), water-soluble compounds, were assessed using 125IUdR and 125IMAc, respectively. The solubility values obtained by the radiotracer method were similar to those acquired by spectrophotometry. Values calculated for several water-insoluble compounds indicate that the radiotracer method can accurately quantify the solubility of low-molecular-weight compounds (1000–2000 Da) in the pg–ng/ml range. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solvent-Coordinated Tin Halide Complexes as Purified Precursors for Tin-Based Perovskites (2017)

A series of solvent-coordinated tin halide complexes were prepared as impurity-free precursors for tin halide perovskites, and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Using these precursors, the tin halide perovskites, MASnI<sub>3</sub> and FASnI<sub>3</sub>, were prepared, and their electronic structures and photophysical properties were examined under inert conditions by means of photoelectron yield spectroscopy as well as absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Their valence bands (MASnI<sub>3</sub>: -5.02 eV; FASnI<sub>3</sub>: -5.16 eV) are significantly higher than those of MAPbI<sub>3</sub> or the typical hole-transporting materials 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-di-<i>p</i>-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene and poly(bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine). These results suggest that to develop the solar cells using these tin halide perovskites with efficient hole-collection properties, hole-transporting materials should be chosen that have the highest occupied molecular orbital levels higher than -5.0 eV.
PVD materials for electrochromic all-solid-state devices (1992)

The electrochromic properties of all solid state devices (ASSDs) are strongly defined by thin film materials used as well as the method of deposition. Various thin film materials deposited by evaporation and sputtering are described serving as electrode, reflector, electrolyte, storage medium, or electrochromic film in ASSD. The impact of process parameters upon the device functionality is shown. In addition, the long-term stability of ASSDs for the different thin film systems is reported.
Establishment of a line of human fetal glial cells that supports JC virus multiplication. (1985)

Primary cultures of human fetal brain cells were transfected with plasmid DNA pMK16, containing an origin-defective mutant of simian virus 40 (SV40). Several weeks after DNA treatment, proliferation of glial cells was evident in the culture, allowing passage of the cells at low split ratios. Initially, only 10% of the cells demonstrated nuclear fluorescence staining using a hamster tumor antibody to the SV40 T protein. By the sixth passage, however, 100% of the cells reacted positively to the same antibody. During these early passages, the cells designated SVG began growing very rapidly and acquired a homogeneous morphology. Cell division required only low serum concentrations, was not contact-inhibited, and remained anchorage dependent. These characteristics of the SVG cells have been stable through 25 passages or approximately equal to 80 cell generations. The SV40 T protein is continuously produced in the cells and can direct the replication of DNA inserts in the pSV2 vector, determined by in situ hybridization using biotin-labeled DNA probes, which contains the SV40 replication origin. More importantly, SVG cells support the multiplication of the human papovavirus JCV at levels comparable to primary cultures of human fetal glial cells, producing infectious virus as early as 1 week after viral adsorption. Their brain-cell derivation has been established as astroglial, based on their reactivity with a monoclonal antibody to glial fibrillary acid protein and lack of activity with an anti-galactocerebroside antibody, which identifies oligodendroglial cells. The SVG cells represent a unique line of continuous rapidly growing human fetal astroglial cells that synthesizes a replication-proficient SV40 T protein. Their susceptibility to JC virus (JCV) infection obviates a host restriction barrier that limited JCV studies to primary cultures of human fetal brain and thus should allow for more detailed molecular studies of human brain cells and JCV that infects them.
Fabrication of sub-10 nm structures by lift-off and by etching after electron-beam exposure of poly(methylmethacrylate) resist on solid substrates (1993)

Sub-10 nm structures were fabricated by lift-off and by etching following electron-beam exposure of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) resist on solid semiconductor substrates. Electron beam lithography at 80 kV with a beam diameter smaller than 5 nm was used to expose PMMA resist on either Si or GaAs substrates. The exposed resist was developed with a 3:7 cellosolve:methanol mixture in an ultrasonic bath for 5 s followed by rinsing in IPA and blown dry with pure nitrogen. Ultrasonic agitation during development was found to be essential for forming sub-10 nm structures in PMMA. The patterned PMMA resist was used either as a lift-off mask or an etching mask and successful transfer of the pattern to the substrates was achieved. For lift-off an ionized beam deposition method, which gives smaller grain size and better adhesion of the metal film to the substrate, was used to deposit a layer of AuPd. Metal dots with sub-10 nm diam and metal structures with sub-10 nm gaps were fabricated. For sub-10 nm etched structures reactive ion etching was used to transfer either the PMMA pattern or the lift-off metal pattern to either Si or GaAs substrates. Etched lines and pillars with dimensions smaller than 10 nm were obtained.
Visualization of convective mixing in microchannel by fluorescence imaging (2002)

A novel measurement technique using fluorescent dye in combination with microresolution particle image velocimetry (micro-PIV) has been devised to investigate convective mixing in microspace. Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II), whose fluorescent intensity when excited by ultraviolet light is strongly temperature dependent, was applied to the bottom surface of a cover glass, that served as the upper boundary surface of a flow channel. This set-up thus realized a two-dimensional temperature measurement of the microflow channel. A spatial resolution of 5 µm × 5 µm and a temperature resolution of 0.26 K were achieved by using a cooled CCD camera and a 10× objective lens of a microscope. Pure water at differing temperatures was injected into opposite inlets of a T-shaped microchannel bound by cover glass and PDMS. The mixing process in the junction area was visualized by the present temperature and the micro-PIV techniques. The convective heat flux was calculated from measurement of velocity and temperature and compared to the heat conduction. It is found that the heat flux due to conduction was larger than that due to convection, thus it is noted that heat conduction may be an important factor in the design process of microfluidic devices.
Measurement of the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of digital X-ray detectors according to the novel standard IEC 62220-1 (2005)

A mobile measurement facility which complies with IEC 62220-1 has been set up to determine the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of digital X-ray detector systems. Exemplary measurements were performed for two similar CR detector systems, a CsI-based indirect detector and an Se-based direct detector. The standardised radiation quality RQA 5 was applied for measurement and for three of these systems RQA 9 was also applied. A pronounced dependence of DQE on radiation quality was observed for the direct detector, where the DQEs for RQA 5 and RQA 9 differ by a factor of approximately 2. The uncertainty (95% confidence interval) associated with the measured DQE values is within 0.01 and 0.04 depending on, for example, the spatial frequency. Thus, it has been demonstrated that the DQE can be measured accurately and reliably with the accuracy required by the international standard IEC 62220-1. It is now possible to objectively measure and compare DQE values of digital X-ray detector systems.
A novel variation-aware low-power keeper architecture for wide fan-in dynamic gates (2006)

Substantial increase in leakage current and threshold voltage fluctuations are making design of robust wide fan-in dynamic gates a challenging task. Traditionally, a PMOS keeper transistor has been employed to compensate for leakage current of pull down (NMOS) network. However, to maintain acceptable noise margin level in sub-100 nm technologies, large PMOS is necessary, which results in substantial contention (during pull down) and severe loss of performance. In this paper, a novel keeper architecture is proposed which is capable of significantly reducing the contention and improving the performance and power consumption. Using circuit simulations, superior characteristics of the proposed keeper is demonstrated in comparison to those of the traditional as well as state-of-the-art keepers. It is shown that for an 8-input OR gate, in presence of 15% Vth fluctuations, the proposed architecture can lead to 20%, 15%, and more than 40% reduction in power consumption, mean delay, and standard deviation of delay, respectively, when compared to traditional keeper circuit.
Algebraic manipulation detection codes and their applications for design of secure cryptographic devices (2011)

Cryptographic devices are vulnerable to fault injection attacks. All previous countermeasures against fault injection attacks based on error detecting codes assume that the attacker cannot simultaneously control the fault-free outputs of a device-under-attack and error patterns. For advanced attackers who are able to control both of the above two aspects, traditional protections can be easily compromised. In this paper, we propose optimal algebraic manipulation detection (AMD) codes based on the nonlinear encoding functions and the random number generators. The proposed codes can provide a guaranteed high error detecting probability even if the attacker can fully control the fault-free outputs of a device-under-attack as well as the error patterns. As a case study, we present the protection architectures based on AMD codes for multipliers in Galois fields used for the elliptic curve cryptography. The results show that the proposed architecture can provide a very low error masking probability at the cost of a reasonable area overhead. The protected multiplier has no latency penalty when the predictor is pipelined.
Mimicking Phosphorylation of αB-Crystallin on Serine-59 Is Necessary and Sufficient to Provide Maximal Protection of Cardiac Myocytes From Apoptosis (2003)

AlphaB-crystallin (alphaBC), a small heat shock protein expressed in high levels in the heart, is phosphorylated on Ser-19, 45, and 59 after stress. However, it is not known whether alphaBC phosphorylation directly affects cell survival. In the present study, constructs were prepared that encode forms of alphaBC harboring Ser to Ala (blocks phosphorylation) or Ser to Glu (mimics phosphorylation) mutations at positions 19, 45, and 59. The effects of each form on apoptosis of cultured cardiac myocytes after hyperosmotic or hypoxic stress were assessed. Compared with controls, cells that expressed alphaBC with Ser to Ala substitutions at all three positions, alphaBC(AAA), exhibited more stress-induced apoptosis. Cells expressing either alphaBC(AAE) or (EEE) exhibited 3-fold less apoptosis than cells expressing alphaBC(AAA), indicating that phosphorylation of Ser-59 confers protection. alphaBC is known to bind to procaspase-3 and to decrease caspase-3 activation. Compared with cells expressing alphaBC(AAA), the activation of caspase-3 was decreased by 3-fold in cells expressing alphaBC(AAE). These results demonstrate that mimicking the phosphorylation of alphaBC on Ser-59 is necessary and sufficient to confer caspase-3 inhibition and protection of cardiac myocytes against hyperosmotic or hypoxic stress. These findings provide direct evidence that alphaBC(S59P) contributes to the cardioprotection observed after physiologically relevant stresses, such as transient hypoxia. Identifying the targets of alphaBC(S59P) will reveal important details about the mechanism underlying the cytoprotective effects of this small heat shock protein.
Combined treatment with cotylenin A and phenethyl isothiocyanate induces strong antitumor activity mainly through the induction of ferroptotic cell death in human pancreatic cancer cells (2016)

The treatment of pancreatic cancer, one of the most aggressive gastrointestinal tract malignancies, with current chemotherapeutic drugs has had limited success due to its chemoresistance and poor prognosis. Therefore, the development of new drugs or effective combination therapies is urgently needed. Cotylenin A (CN-A) (a plant growth regulator) is a potent inducer of differentiation in myeloid leukemia cells and exhibits potent antitumor activities in several cancer cell lines. In the present study, we demonstrated that CN-A and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), an inducer of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a dietary anticarcinogenic compound, synergistically inhibited the proliferation of MIAPaCa-2, PANC-1 and gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 cells. A combined treatment with CN-A and PEITC also effectively inhibited the anchorage-independent growth of these cancer cells. The combined treatment with CN-A and PEITC strongly induced cell death within 1 day at concentrations at which CN-A or PEITC alone did not affect cell viability. A combined treatment with synthetic CN-A derivatives (ISIR-005 and ISIR-042) or fusicoccin J (CN-A-related natural product) and PEITC did not have synergistic effects on cell death. The combined treatment with CN-A and PEITC synergistically induced the generation of ROS. Antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine and trolox), ferroptosis inhibitors (ferrostatin-1 and liproxstatin), and the lysosomal iron chelator deferoxamine canceled the synergistic cell death. Apoptosis inhibitors (Z-VAD-FMK and Q-VD-OPH) and the necrosis inhibitor necrostatin-1s did not inhibit synergistic cell death. Autophagy inhibitors (3-metyladenine and chloroquine) partially prevented cell death. These results show that synergistic cell death induced by the combined treatment with CN-A and PEITC is mainly due to the induction of ferroptosis. Therefore, the combination of CN-A and PEITC has potential as a novel therapeutic strategy against pancreatic cancer.
Intramolecular Anodic Olefin Coupling Reactions: The Use of a Nitrogen Trapping Group (2008)

Anodic olefin coupling reactions using a tosylamine trapping group have been studied. The cyclizations are favored by the use of a less-polar radical cation and more basic reaction conditions. The most significant factor for obtaining good yields of cyclic product is the use of the more basic reaction conditions. The cyclizations allow for the rapid synthesis of substituted proline derivatives.