gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Notes- On Darling's Cyclopropene Derivative and Its Rearrangement (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- On Darling's Cyclopropene Derivative and Its RearrangementRonald Breslow, Rudolph Winter , and Merle BattisteCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 3, 415–416Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1959Publication History Published online9 July 2003Published inissue 1 March 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01085a603https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01085a603research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Treatment of Urinary Incontinence in Women in General Practice: Observational Study (1998)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Voiding Function and Dysfunction, and Female Urology1 Jun 1998Treatment of Urinary Incontinence in Women in General Practice: Observational Study A. Seim, B. Sivertsen, B.C. Eriksen, and S. Hunskaar A. SeimA. Seim More articles by this author , B. SivertsenB. Sivertsen More articles by this author , B.C. EriksenB.C. Eriksen More articles by this author , and S. HunskaarS. Hunskaar More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63370-6AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Treatment of Urinary Incontinence in Women in General Practice: Observational Study." The Journal of Urology, 159(6), p. 2265 Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Medical Office of Health, Rissa, Division for General Practice, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 159Issue 6June 1998Page: 2265 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information A. Seim More articles by this author B. Sivertsen More articles by this author B.C. Eriksen More articles by this author S. Hunskaar More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
A Review of Medical Imaging Informatics (2002)

A bstract : This review of medical imaging informatics is a survey of current developments in an exciting field. The focus is on informatics issues rather than traditional data processing and information systems, such as picture archiving and communications systems (PACS) and image processing and analysis systems. In this review, we address imaging informatics issues within the requirements of an informatics system defined by the American Medical Informatics Association. With these requirements as a framework, we review, in four sections: (1) Methods to present imaging and associated data without causing an overload, including image study summarization, content‐based medical image retrieval, and natural language processing of text data. (2) Data modeling techniques to represent clinical data with focus on an image data model, including general‐purpose time‐based multimedia data models, health‐care‐specific data models, knowledge models, and problem‐centric data models. (3) Methods to integrate medical data information from heterogeneous clinical data sources. Advances in centralized databases and mediated architectures are reviewed along with a discussion on our efforts at data integration based on peer‐to‐peer networking and shared file systems. (4) Visualization schemas to present imaging and clinical data: the large volume of medical data presents a daunting challenge for an efficient visualization paradigm. In this section we review current multimedia visualization methods including temporal modeling, problem‐specific data organization, including our problem‐centric, context and user‐specific visualization interface.
Spread of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Hospital After Exposure to a Health Care Worker with Chronic Sinusitis (1993)

A dramatic increase in the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a teaching hospital was documented to be due to three factors: a hospital-wide outbreak of 32 cases caused by an epidemic strain, an increase in the number of nosocomial cases caused by several other strains, and an increase in the number of patients admitted carrying strains acquired at other institutions. Case patients with the epidemic strain were significantly more likely than control patients to have had previous exposure to a respiratory therapist (P = .005) who had chronic sinusitis due to the epidemic strain. The plasmid DNA of isolates from the implicated respiratory therapist and affected patients yielded the same patterns on restriction endonuclease digestion. Implementation of general control measures and eradication of the respiratory therapist's sinusitis and nasal carriage terminated the epidemic. Establishing the importance of the infected health care worker by epidemiological methods led to control of the outbreak without the institution of wide-scale culture of specimens from personnel and the environment or other expensive and labor-intensive measures.
Evolutionary origins of the purinergic signalling system (2009)

Purines appear to be the most primitive and widespread chemical messengers in the animal and plant kingdoms. The evidence for purinergic signalling in plants, invertebrates and lower vertebrates is reviewed. Much is based on pharmacological studies, but important recent studies have utilized the techniques of molecular biology and receptors have been cloned and characterized in primitive invertebrates, including the social amoeba Dictyostelium and the platyhelminth Schistosoma, as well as the green algae Ostreococcus, which resemble P2X receptors identified in mammals. This suggests that contrary to earlier speculations, P2X ion channel receptors appeared early in evolution, while G protein-coupled P1 and P2Y receptors were introduced either at the same time or perhaps even later. The absence of gene coding for P2X receptors in some animal groups [e.g. in some insects, roundworms (Caenorhabditis elegans) and the plant Arabidopsis] in contrast to the potent pharmacological actions of nucleotides in the same species, suggests that novel receptors are still to be discovered.
Human ribonuclease 9, a member of ribonuclease A superfamily, specifically expressed in epididymis, is a novel sperm-binding protein (2009)

To explore the functions of human ribonuclease 9 (RNase 9), we constructed a mammalian fusion expression vector pcDNA-hRNase9, prepared recombinant human RNase 9-His fusion protein from HEK293T cells and determined its N-terminal amino acid sequences. According to the determined mature protein, recombinant human RNase 9 was prepared in E. coli. Ribonucleolytic activity and antibacterial activity of recombinant human RNase 9 were detected, and the distribution of human RNase 9 on tissues and ejaculated spermatozoa and in vitro capacitated spermatozoa were analyzed via indirect immunofluorescence assay. The results showed that recombinant human RNase 9 did not exhibit detectable ribonucleolytic activity against yeast tRNA, but exhibited antibacterial activity, in a concentration/time dependent manner, against E. coli. Immunofluorescent analyses showed that the predicted human RNase 9 was present throughout the epididymis, but not present in other tissues examined, and human RNase 9 was also present on the entire head and neck regions of human ejaculated spermatozoa and in vitro capacitated spermatozoa. These results suggest that human RNase 9 may play roles in host defense of male reproductive tract.
Cuando las familias tenemos algo que enseñar (2014)

En este escrito presento algunas tensiones que se desarrollan cuando las familias se vinculan con las escuelas por medio de propuestas de la asociacion cooperadora. Analizo los limites y posibilidades que dichos momentos de tension ofrecen a la reflexion conjunta entre personal escolar y padres-madres voluntarios para aprender acerca de la accion colectiva. Destaco la situacion especial que se produce cuando las familias estan en un rol de pares con la escuela para tomar decisiones conjuntas acerca del contexto educativo escolar como propuesta socio-comunitaria.
Medium knowledge-based macro-segmentation of video into sequences (1997)

Efficient and reliable methods for the segmentation of the image part of a video into shots have been proposed. In actual motion picture or video documents, there can often be 500 to 1000 shots per hour. Thus, if one wants to enable quick browsing of the video contents, quick positioning in the document for interactive viewing, or if one wants to automatically construct abstracts of the document, it is necessary to find more macroscopic time objects, for instance larger sequences constituting a narrative unit or sharing the same setting. In this paper, we present a method for obtaining automatically such a macro-segmentation in sequences. This method is based on the application of rules expressing the local (in time) clues which are given by the medium contents to enable identification of more macroscopical changes. We describe how the results from these rules can be combined to obtain a macro-segmentation, and to extract particularly important representative images. We give arguments ...
Large‐scale meridional transport in the tropical Pacific Ocean during the 1986–1987 El Niño from Geosat (1990)

Geosat altimeter data are used to obtain the first detailed basin‐wide measurement of the meridional transport of warm surface water in the tropical Pacific during El Niño. Using a combination of crossover and collinear difference techniques, continuous sea level time series are constructed on a 2°×1° grid covering the Pacific between 20°N and 20°S for the 4‐year period 1985–1989. Zonal integrations of these data are performed over three latitude bands to examine large‐scale sea level changes. Comparison with tide gauge data suggests that these zonal averages have an accuracy of better than 1 cm. The Geosat analyses show a clear pattern of water exchange involving principally the equatorial and north equatorial regions. From the onset of the warm event in late 1986 to the mature phase in mid‐1987, mean sea level in the equatorial region dropped nearly 5 cm while simultaneously in the north equatorial region it increased by about the same amount. These anomalies, equivalent to 2×10 4 m 3 of upper layer water, persisted for nearly 2 years before both regions returned to normal. A similar pattern and amplitude of north‐south water exchange is also observed on the seasonal time scale, consistent with annual variation of the wind stress curl. Water moves northward across 8°N during boreal winter and southward during summer with a net transport of approximately 30 Sv. Thus, in terms of meridional transport, the 1986–1987 El Niño is seen as a low‐frequency modulation of the normal seasonal cycle. In contrast to the widely held view that a surplus of equatorial water is required prior to El Niño, no such buildup was observed prior to the 1986–1987 event.
Three-Coordinate Co(I) Provides Access to Unsaturated Dihydrido-Co(III) and Seven-Coordinate Co(V) (2006)

The three-coordinate, T-shaped Co(I) complex, PNPCo (PNP = [(tBu2PCH2SiMe2)2N-], is readily synthesized by magnesium reduction of divalent PNPCoCl. Triplet (S = 1) PNPCo is coordinatively and electronically unsaturated and undergoes a thermally reversible oxidative addition reaction with H2, producing trivalent PNPCo(H)2. In contrast, the reaction with excess primary silane PhSiH3 quantitatively generates the base-stabilized silylene Co(V) compound {kappa2-tBu2PCH2Me2SiNSiMe2CH2tBu2P(H)Si=}Co(H)3(SiH2Ph)2.
Lessons learned from existing biomass power plants (2000)

This report includes summary information on 20 biomass power plants, which represent some of the leaders in the industry. In each category an effort is made to identify plants that illustrate particular points. The project experiences described capture some important lessons learned that lead in the direction of an improved biomass power industry.
Purification of Anti-Ulcer Polysaccharides from the Roots of<i>Bupleurum falcatum</i> (1991)

A water-soluble crude polysaccharide fraction (BR-1) prepared from the root of Bupleurum falcatum L. (Japanese name = Saiko) prevented HCl/ethanol induced ulcerogenesis in mice significantly. BR-1 was fractionated into four polysaccharide fractions (BR-2, BR-3, BR-4, and BR-5) by the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and the strongly acidic polysaccharide fraction BR-2 showed the most potent inhibition of gastric lesion formation. When BR-2 was further fractionated by anion-exchange chromatography, the most potent anti-ulcer activity was observed in the pectin-like polysaccharide, bupleuran 2IIc. Bupleuran 2IIc was homogeneous as determined by electrophoresis and gel filtration. Bupleuran 2IIc was composed mainly of galacturonic acid with small proportions of arabinose, rhamnose, and galactose, and its average relative molecular mass was estimated to be 63,000 d. BR-2 lost most of its activity after treatment with periodate or digestion with endo-polygalacturonase indicating that the polygalacturonan region and/or the molecular mass may contribute to activity.
Evaluation of Respiration with Clark Type Electrode in Isolated Mitochondria and Permeabilized Animal Cells (2011)

In many studies, the evaluation of mitochondrial function is critical to understand how disease conditions or xenobiotics alter mitochondrial function. One of the classic end-points that can be assessed is oxygen consumption, which can be performed under controlled, yet artificial conditions. Oxygen is the terminal acceptor in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, namely at an enzyme called cytochrome oxidase, which produces water in the process and pumps protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space. Several techniques are available to measure oxygen consumption, including polarography with oxygen electrodes or fluorescent/luminescent probes. The present chapter will deal with the determination of mitochondrial oxygen consumption by means of the Clark-type electrode, which has been widely used in the literature and that still remains to be the most reliable technique. We focus our technical description in the measurement of oxygen consumption by isolated mitochondrial fractions and by permeabilized cells.
On the dynamic stability of high-speed gas bearings: stability study and experimental validation (2011)

For high-speed applications, gas lubricated bearings offer very specific advantages over other,more conventional bearing technologies: a clean and oil-free solution, virtually wear-free operation, lowfrictional losses, wide operating temperature range, etc. However, the principal drawback involved in theapplication of high-speed gas bearings concerns the dynamic stability problem. Successful applicationtherefore requires control of the rotor-bearing dynamics so as to avoid instabilities.After a detailed study of the dynamic stability problem and the formulation of a convenient stability criterium,a brief overview is given of the currently existing bearing types and configurations for improving the stability.In addition, three strategies are introduced: (i) optimal design of plain aerostatic bearings; (ii) modification ofthe bearing geometry to counteract the destabilising effects in the gas film; and (iii) introduction of dampingexternal to the gas film as to compensate for the destabilising effects.These strategies are worked out into detail leading to the formulation of a series of design rules. Theireffectiveness is validated experimentally at a miniature scale. In recent experiments a rotational speed of1.2 million rpm has been achieved with a 6 mm rotor on aerodynamic journal bearings, leading to a recordDN-number of 7.2 million.
The political economy of infrastructure construction: The Spanish Parliamentary Roads (1880-1914) (2010)

This paper examines the extent to which the public allocation of road investment was influenced by political and electoral goals during the Spanish Restoration (1874-1923). More precisely, we seek to identify those provinces that were favoured with higher road construction expenditure and whether tactical strategies adopted by the political parties varied over time to reflect increasing political competition. In so doing, this paper combines concepts from three strands of literature: legislative pork-barrel; clientelism and machine politics; and electoral competition. Our main empirical finding for a panel of Spain's provinces suggests that constituencies electing a higher proportion of deputies from minority or opposition parties were initially punished through lower levels of road investment but that, by the end of the period, they were instead favoured with more resources than the rest. In addition, we also observe that senior deputies who had been ministers in previous administrations were more capable than other politicians of attracting resources to their constituencies.
Toxic Activity, Molecular Modeling and Docking Simulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry11 Toxin Variants Obtained via DNA Shuffling (2018)

The Cry11 family belongs to a large group of δ-endotoxins that share three distinct structural domains. Among the dipteran-active toxins referred to as three-domain Cry11 toxins, the Cry11Aa protein from <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> subsp. <i>israelensis</i> (<i>Bti</i>) has been the most extensively studied. Despite the potential of <i>Bti</i> as an effective biological control agent, the understanding of Cry11 toxins remains incomplete. In this study, five Cry11 variants obtained via DNA shuffling displayed toxic activity against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>. Three of these Cry11 variants (8, 23, and 79) were characterized via 3D modeling and analysis of docking with ALP1. The relevant mutations in these variants, such as deletions, insertions and point mutations, are discussed in relation to their structural domains, toxic activities and toxin-receptor interactions. Importantly, deletion of the N-terminal segment in domain I was not associated with any change in toxic activity, and domain III exhibited higher sequence variability than domains I and II. Variant 8 exhibited up to 3.78- and 6.09-fold higher toxicity to <i>A. aegypti</i> than Cry11Bb and Cry11Aa, respectively. Importantly, variant 79 showed an α-helix conformation at the C-terminus and formed crystals retaining toxic activity. These findings indicate that five Cry11 variants were preferentially reassembled from the <i>cry11Aa</i> gene during DNA shuffling. The mutations described in loop 2 and loop 3 of domain II provide valuable information regarding the activity of Cry11 toxins against <i>A. aegypti</i> and <i>C. quinquefasciatus</i> larvae and reveal new insights into the application of directed evolution strategies to study the genetic variability of specific domains in <i>cry11</i> family genes.
The Electrical Conductivity of Solutions of Metals in Their Molten Halides. VIII. Alkaline Earth Metal Systems<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Electrical Conductivity of Solutions of Metals in Their Molten Halides. VIII. Alkaline Earth Metal Systems1A. S. Dworkin, H. R. Bronstein, and M. A. BredigCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1966, 70, 7, 2384–2388Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100879a048https://doi.org/10.1021/j100879a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Arsenic oxide-induced thermotolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1989)

The growth response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to arsenite and arsenate and the relationship between the enhancement of heat shock protein (hsp) synthesis caused by these arsenic oxides and thermotolerance are reported. Arsenite and arsenate transiently inhibited cell growth and overall protein synthesis; arsenate enhanced the synthesis of the 42-, 74-, 84-, and 100-kilodalton hsps, whereas arsenite enhanced synthesis of only the 74-kilodalton hsp. The induction of these hsps reached a maximum 45 min following metal oxide treatment and then declined. A delayed thermotolerance peaked 4 h after metal oxide addition, at which time cell growth and protein synthesis were recovering. These data show that the arsenate- and arsenite-induced thermotolerance in S. cerevisiae cells does not appear to be causally related to either hsp synthesis or cell cycle arrest.
IL-4 and TGF-β1 Counterbalance One Another while Regulating Mast Cell Homeostasis (2010)

Mast cell responses can be altered by cytokines, including those secreted by Th2 and regulatory T cells (Treg). Given the important role of mast cells in Th2-mediated inflammation and recent demonstrations of Treg-mast cell interactions, we examined the ability of IL-4 and TGF-beta1 to regulate mast cell homeostasis. Using in vitro and in vivo studies of mouse and human mast cells, we demonstrate that IL-4 suppresses TGF-beta1 receptor expression and signaling, and vice versa. In vitro studies demonstrated that IL-4 and TGF-beta1 had balancing effects on mast cell survival, migration, and FcepsilonRI expression, with each cytokine cancelling the effects of the other. However, in vivo analysis of peritoneal inflammation during Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection in mice revealed a dominant suppressive function for TGF-beta1. These data support the existence of a cytokine network involving the Th2 cytokine IL-4 and the Treg cytokine TGF-beta1 that can regulate mast cell homeostasis. Dysregulation of this balance may impact allergic disease and be amenable to targeted therapy.
Mammalian morphine: de novo formation of morphine in human cells. (2005)

Taken together, morphine, reticuline and norlaudanosoline are unequivocally biosynthesized by cultured human cells. The precursors of morphine in the human cell lines were conclusively shown to be oxygen, tyramine, reticuline and thebaine.