gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaporative Index (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaporative IndexGeorge S. GardnerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1940, 32, 2, 226–231Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50362a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50362a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Numerical Prediction of Turbulent Heat Transfer To Low Prandtl Number Fluid Flow Through Rod Bundles (1998)

The turbulent heat transfer to low Prandtl number fluid flow through rod bundles is analyzed using k- two-equation model. For the prediction of the turbulent flow field, an anisotropic eddy viscosity model is used. In the analysis of the temperature field, the effects of various parameters such as geometry, Reynolds and Prandtl numbers are considered. The calculation in made for Prandtl numbers from 0.001 to 0.1 in order to analyze the heat transfer to low Prandtl number fluid such as liquid metals. The numerical results show that for small P/D (Pitch/Diameter) geometries low Prandtl number makes severe changes of the rod surface temperature.
Mobile Phone Based System Opportunities to Home-based Managing of Chemotherapy Side Effects (2016)

This study shows that the mobile phone system for home-based monitoring chemotherapy side effects works well. In result, knowledge of cancer self-management and the rate of patient's effective participation in care process improved.
Virus neutralization reveals antigenic variation among feline immunodeficiency virus isolates (1994)

By using a focus reduction assay in CrFK feline fibroblast cells, virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were demonstrated in cats that had been naturally or experimentally infected with FIV. The antigenic relatedness of four strains of FIV, divergent in nucleotide sequence within the env gene, was investigated by neutralization following adaptation of each virus for growth in CrFK cells. Two of the viruses were from The Netherlands (FIV/AM-4 and AM-6), one was from the U.K. (FIV/GL-8) and one was from the U.S.A. (FIV/PET). Reaction of the viruses in the neutralization assay with cat antibodies to homologous or heterologous strains indicated that while there was a degree of cross-reactivity between all four, there were consistent differences suggesting the existence of FIV neutralization subtypes. In particular, FIV/PET and FIV/AM-6 were closely related but FIV/PET and FIV/GL-8 were clearly distinct. VNA from naturally infected cats in the field showed a pattern of reactivity against FIV/PET and FIV/GL-8 that confirmed the antigenic diversity of FIV.
Object Detection using Geometric Invariant Moment (2006)

Geometric moment invariant produces a set of feature vectors that are invariant under shifting, scaling and rotation. The technique is widely used to extract the global features for pattern recognition due to its discrimination power and robustness. In this paper, moment invariant is used to identify the object from the captured image using the first invariant (O1). The recognition rate for this technique is 90% after the image undergoes suitable processing and segmentation process.
Protein export during growth of Bacillus subtilis: the effect of extracellular protease deficiency (1991)

Journal Article Protein export during growth of Bacillus subtilis: the effect of extracellular protease deficiency Get access R.D. Coxon, R.D. Coxon Department of Microbiology, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.R. Harwood, C.R. Harwood Department of Microbiology, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.R. Archibald A.R. Archibald Department of Microbiology, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 12, Issue 3, 1 March 1991, Pages 91–94, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.1991.tb00513.x Published: 01 March 1991 Article history Received: 26 November 1990 Accepted: 29 November 1990 Published: 01 March 1991
High-performance packed glass-lined stainless steel capillary column for microcolumn liquid chromatography (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-performance packed glass-lined stainless steel capillary column for microcolumn liquid chromatographyMasaharu. Konishi, Yoshio. Mori, and Tameyuki. AmanoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 12, 2235–2239Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00289a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00289a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Natural History of Patients With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia as Diagnosed by North American Urologists (1997)

Outcomes for men with a clinical diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia depend on initial symptom severity. However, the course of symptoms also varies among patients even with the same initial symptom severity.
Magnetically Recoverable Pd/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Core–Shell Nanowire Clusters with Increased Hydrogenation Activity (2017)

Core-shell nanostructures are promising candidates for the next generation of catalysts due to synergistic effects which can arise from having two active species in close contact, leading to increased activity. Likewise, catalysts displaying added functionality, such as a magnetic response, can have increased scientific and industrial potential. Here, Pd/Fe<sub>3</sub> O<sub>4</sub> core-shell nanowire clusters are synthesized and applied as hydrogenation catalysts for an industrially important hydrogenation reaction: the conversion of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol. During synthesis, the palladium nanowires self-assemble into clusters which act as a high-surface-area framework for the growth of a magnetic iron oxide shell. This material demonstrates excellent catalytic activity due to the presence of palladium while the strong magnetic properties provided by the iron oxide shell enable facile catalyst recovery.
Adriamycin, 14‐hydroxydaimomycin, a new antitumor antibiotic from <i>S. Peucetius</i> var. <i>caesius</i> (1969)

Abstract Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius , obtained from S. peucetius , the daunomycin producing microorganism, by mutagenic treatment, differs from the parent culture by the color of the vegetative and aerial mycelia and by its antibiotic, producing ability. S. peucetius var. caesius accumulates adriamycin in submerged and aerated culture on a medium containing glucose, brewer's yeast, and inorganic, salts both in shake flasks and in stirred fementers. Isolation of the product is performed by solvent extraction, chromatography on buffered cellulose columns, and crystallization as the hydrochloride. The new antitumor agent, adriamycin, is the 14‐hydroxv derivative of daunomyein.
Microbubble Content in the Wake of a Cavitating Hydrofoil (2014)

The microbubble content in the wake of a cavitating hydrofoil is investigated in a variable pressure water tunnel using long-range microscopy shadowgraphy. A 200 mm span, 120 mm base-chord NACA 63A015 section elliptical planform hydro-foil was mounted at 3.5 ◦ incidence in a 0.6 m square tunnel test section. The microbubbles generated by the cavitation in the hydrofoil wake at a Reynolds number of 0.5×106 and a cavi-tation number of 0.37 were characterised at several locations. The bubble content was photographed at three locations down-stream of the trailing edge, and five spanwise and three trans-verse locations. Measurements were made downstream of the region where shed vortices from the cavity trailing edge are still visible. The bubbles were back-lit using diffused laser lighting and images captured with a CCD camera. The image resolution was approximately 2 µm/pixel. The dominant bubble size in the wake was found to range between 25 and 40 µm depending on location. Bubbles larger than 200 µm are evident in the wake but not well captured with these tests. Additional tests with a higher magnification are required to image bubbles below 20 µm.
Serial echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular geometry and function after large myocardial infarction in the rat. (1994)

Postinfarction LV remodeling in the rat is characterized by progressive cavity dilatation, inadequate hypertrophy of the surviving myocardium, the gradual development of regional contractile dysfunction in noninfarcted segments, and marked abnormalities of diastolic filling. These changes can be tracked longitudinally with transthoracic echocardiography.
Motivated reinforcement learning for non-player characters in persistent computer game worlds (2006)

Massively multiplayer online computer games are played in complex, persistent virtual worlds. Over time, the landscape of these worlds evolves and changes as players create and personalise their own virtual property. In contrast, many non-player characters that populate virtual game worlds possess a fixed set of pre-programmed behaviours and lack the ability to adapt and evolve in time with their surroundings. This paper presents motivated reinforcement learning agents as a means of creating non-player characters that can both evolve and adapt. Motivated reinforcement learning agents explore their environment and learn new behaviours in response to interesting experiences, allowing them to display progressively evolving behavioural patterns. In dynamic worlds, environmental changes provide an additional source of interesting experiences triggering further learning and allowing the agents to adapt their existing behavioural patterns in time with their surroundings.
Stability analysis of high-order sigma-delta modulators (1986)

A new method of analysis for Sigma-Delta modulators based on modeling the nonlinear quantizer with minimum mean square error linearized gains followed by an additive noise source, representing distortion components, is described.The chief benefit of this technique is that it makes it possible to directly calculate the signal dependence of modulator performance.This method has been used to derive regions of stability for higher-order modulators, including both parameter and signal dependencies.In addition, the method can be used to obtain more accurate solutions for quantization noise spectra and signalto-noise ratios for several classes of input signals.These results have been confirmed by simulation.
Low-Dose Streptozocin-Induced Autoimmune Diabetes in Islet Transplantation Model (1991)

An islet transplant model was used to gain further insight into the immunologic mechanisms involved in low-dose streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. As shown by others, male C57BL/KsJ mice developed diabetes and insulitis after five daily injections of STZ (40 mg.kg-1.day-1). Syngeneic islet transplants beneath the renal capsule developed insulitis when the islets were transplanted 10-14 days before the daily injections of STZ. In contrast, insulitis of the grafts did not occur when the syngeneic transplants were done 3 days after the five daily injections of STZ. If the donor islets were incubated in vitro with 0.5 mg/ml STZ for 1 h at 37 degrees C and then transplanted after the low-dose STZ administration of the recipients, then a definite insulitis was present in the syngeneic transplants. These findings indicated that this brief exposure to STZ in vitro was sufficient to permit immunologic recognition of the grafts. In vitro STZ-exposed islets transplanted into high-dose STZ-induced diabetic mice also developed insulitis, whereas STZ-exposed islets transplanted into alloxan-induced diabetic mice did not. Donor islets incubated in vitro with STZ and transplanted into unexposed mice did not develop insulitis in the grafts. Thus, preexposure of the recipient to STZ is essential to the development of insulitis within in vitro STZ-exposed islet grafts. This is also specific to islets because in vitro STZ-exposed thyroid tissue transplanted into low-dose STZ recipients failed to exhibit a thyroiditis. These data are consistent with the idea that STZ immunologically alters the beta-cell by inducing an antigenic change.
Learn2Perturb: An End-to-End Feature Perturbation Learning to Improve Adversarial Robustness (2020)

While deep neural networks have been achieving state-of-the-art performance across a wide variety of applications, their vulnerability to adversarial attacks limits their widespread deployment for safety-critical applications. Alongside other adversarial defense approaches being investigated, there has been a very recent interest in improving adversarial robustness in deep neural networks through the introduction of perturbations during the training process. However, such methods leverage fixed, pre-defined perturbations and require significant hyper-parameter tuning that makes them very difficult to leverage in a general fashion. In this study, we introduce Learn2Perturb, an end-to-end feature perturbation learning approach for improving the adversarial robustness of deep neural networks. More specifically, we introduce novel perturbation-injection modules that are incorporated at each layer to perturb the feature space and increase uncertainty in the network. This feature perturbation is performed at both the training and the inference stages. Furthermore, inspired by the Expectation-Maximization, an alternating back-propagation training algorithm is introduced to train the network and noise parameters consecutively. Experimental results on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets show that the proposed Learn2Perturb method can result in deep neural networks which are 4-7% more robust on l_inf FGSM and PDG adversarial attacks and significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art against l_2 C\&W attack and a wide range of well-known black-box attacks.
Chine : le décollage alimentaire ? (1985)

China: A Subsistence take-off? During Mao Zedong's lifetime, the Chinese food policy was aimed at securing minimum for everybody: in the countryside, "basic rations" were distributed by the collective teams, and in the cities, grains and edible oils were strictly rationed. Rural collectivization and state monopolies, set up to implement this policy, had unfortunate side-effects: less efficient agricultural production, depressed sales from peasants, and the stagnation of average food consumption. Post-Mao policies of decollectivization and the reintroduction of market economics in the countryside have had the opposite effects. For the first time, a subsistence take-off has really occured. Will it be sustained? The fate of rural modernization in China depends on the answer.
Vector Quantization of Differential Luminance and Chrominance Signals (1985)

A demand for color picture transmission is growing rapidly for various integrated services. For transmission, color pictures must be encoded, but it is widely understood that this can be most conveniently done in the form of luminance and chrominance signals, since the properties of the human visual system can be exploited to achieve considerable redundancy reduction. For encoding these component signals, it is most efficient if they can be jointly encoded. In this paper, a new combined encoding scheme is introduced for the luminance and chrominance signals based on the technique of vector quantization, taking into account the properties of the human visual system. However, these encoded signals are converted into primary <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RGB</tex> signals for display, and the corresponding increase of the encoding noise has not been discussed in the literature. In this paper, an encoding process is considered as a part of the total system between a camera and a display. Two different adaptive quantization schemes are incorporated in the encoding, and it will be shown that a good picture quality can be obtained with 2.0-2.5 bits/pel.
Measurements of precipitin reactions by difference turbidimetry: a new method. (1979)

A new method for the measurement of precipitin and flocculation reactions between antibodies and antigens has been developed. The technique, called difference turbidimetry, involves the use of tandem cuvettes providing the opportunity of using separated and unmixed antigen and antibody as blank solutions for spectrophotometric readings in the ultraviolet wavelength range. By use of this technique genuine difference turbidity spectra have been recorded for the reaction between human serum albumin and rabbit-anti-human serum albumin IgG. It was found that difference turbidimetry at low wavelengths (e.g. 280 nm) allows the construction of precipitin curves with a very clearly expressed zoning phenomenon at a sensitivity which in terms of antigen and antibody concentrations is more than twice the sensitivity of conventional procedures. It is of special interest that the zone of equivalence differs when the same reaction between an antigen and its antibody is measured by difference turbidimetry, by absorbance of washed and redissolved precipitate, and by amount of precipitated antigen.
Pyrazines in foods. Review (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrazines in foods. ReviewJoseph A. Maga and Charles E. SizerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1973, 21, 1, 22–30Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60185a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60185a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1338Altmetric-Citations179LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cross-reactivity of antibodies specific for flagellar tektin and intermediate filament subunits. (1987)

Monoclonal antibodies specific for each of the flagellar tektins were prepared and used to determine whether structures similar to tektin filaments are present in cells lacking cilia or flagella. This analysis was performed by double-label immunofluorescence microscopy of several cell lines and by immunoblots of protein fractions. Two of the four anti-tektin antibodies, the antibodies 3-7-1 and 3-10-1, which bind different epitopes of the C-tektin, label 3T3, HeLa, PtK2, and BHK-21 cells as well as myotubes. The antibody 3-7-1 stains intermediate filament structures in the cells and binds vimentin or desmin in preparations of cytoskeletal proteins; whereas the antibody 3-10-1 stains nuclear envelopes in the cells and binds lamin A and C in preparations of cytoskeletal proteins or nuclear lamina. Structural similarities between the C-tektin and intermediate filament proteins probably are extended to more than two epitopes because polyclonal antibodies anti-vimentin and anti-desmin bind to C-tektin. These polyclonal antibodies also bind to A-tektin. The cross-reaction of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies binding to epitopes in tektin and intermediate filament components and the existence of a high content of alpha-helical structure in the tektin subunits (Linck, R. W., and G. L. Langevin, 1982, J. Cell Sci., 58:1-22) indicate that tektin and intermediate filaments are homologous in several parts of their structure.
A New Dual Circularly Polarized Feed Employing a Dielectric Cylinder-Loaded Circular Waveguide Open End Fed by Crossed Dipoles (2016)

This paper presents a new dual circularly polarized feed that provides good axial ratio over wide angles and low cross-polarized radiation in backward direction. A circular waveguide open end is fed with two orthogonally polarized waves in phase quadrature by a pair of printed crossed dipoles and a compact connectorized quadrature hybrid coupler. The waveguide aperture is loaded with a dielectric cylinder to reduce the cross-polarization beyond 90 degrees off the boresight. The fabricated feed has, at 5.5 GHz, 6.33-dBic copolarized gain, 3-dB beamwidth of 106°, 10-dB beamwidth of 195°, 3-dB axial ratio beamwidth of 215°, maximum cross-polarized gain of −21.4 dBic, and 27-dB port isolation. The reflection coefficient of the feed is less than −10 dB at 4.99–6.09 GHz.
R 58 735, a novel antihypoxic drug improves memory in rats (1986)

Abstract Rats weren given free choice to enter either a black or a white compartment when placed on an illuminated runway. On the fourth day a mild shock was given upon entry. Animals were subsequently injected with either solvent or a dose of R 58 735. Drug treatment dose‐relatedly increased entry latency on retention test (day 5) and doubled choice reversal at the highest dose (25 mg\kg s.c.) given. The results suggest that R 58 735 has a direct, memory enhancing action.