gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reductions of multiple-access interference in fiber-grating-based optical CDMA network (2002)

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) encoder/decoder scheme based on correlation subtractions of nearly orthogonal M-sequence codes is presented. With proper coder design, a receiver can reject interfering users and obtain quasi-orthogonality between optical code-division multiple-access (CDMA) users in the network. However, optical CDMA networks may be degraded by multiple-access interference (MAI) due to nonflattened incoherent sources and nonideal FBG coders. A compensating module is therefore proposed to compensate for such MAI effects. As a result, the MAI effects induced by nonideal FBG coders can be perfectly eliminated by the compensating module. With spectral width reduction on the incoherent source, the scheme can partly compensate the MAI effects induced by nonflattened sources and further reduce the average error probability in the system performance.
Testosterone increases thromboxane A2 receptor density and responsiveness in rat aortas and platelets (1994)

Testosterone has been implicated as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Thromboxane (Tx) A2 is an important pathophysiological mediator for thrombotic vascular diseases. This study investigated the effects of testosterone on platelet and vascular TxA2 receptors. Male rats were treated with either testosterone cypionate for 2 wk, sham operated, castrated, or castrated and treated with testosterone cypionate for 2 wk. Treatment of intact rats with testosterone significantly (P < 0.001) increased the TxA2 receptor density in platelets from 25.4 +/- 3.2 to 42.9 +/- 4.2 fmol/mg protein (P < 0.005, n = 17) and in aortic membranes from 48.7 +/- 1.7 to 86.1 +/- 6.1 fmol/mg protein, n = 9. The threshold concentration of the TxA2 mimetic, [1S-(1 alpha, 2 beta(5Z),3 alpha(1E,3R*)4 alpha)]-7-[3-(3-hydroxy-4- (4'-iodophenoxy)-1-butenyl)-7-oxabicyclo[2.21]heptan-2-yl]-5 -heptenoic acid (I-BOP), to induce platelet aggregation was significantly (P < 0.01) decreased from 0.45 +/- 0.16 nM, n = 7, in the control rats to 0.07 +/- 0.01 nM, n = 13, in the testosterone-treated rats. Testosterone treatment resulted in a significantly (P < 0.05) greater maximum aortic contractile response to the TxA2 mimetic, U-46619, compared with intact rats. Castration resulted in a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in aortic TxA2 receptor density from 51.7 +/- 3.7 to 27.3 +/- 5.3 fmol/mg protein, which was significantly reversed by testosterone treatment (89.2 +/- 7.1 fmol/mg protein; n = 4). Castration resulted in a significantly (P < 0.05) lower maximal aortic contractile response that was reversed by treatment with testosterone. Castration did not significantly change platelet TxA2 receptor density.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Development Changes in Fine Structure of Starches of Several Endosperm Mutants of Maize (1983)

Abstract Distribution of components of maize starches from several endosperm mutants sampled at three stages of development were investigated by gel filtration after debranching by isoamylase. The waxy (wx) starches consisted of only amylopectin, and the distribution of components did not change during development. In other starches: normal, amylose‐extender (ae), dull (du), sugary ‐1 ( su 1 ) and sugary ‐2 ( su 2 ) starches, amylose contents increased during the 20–35 days after pollination (DAP) period of development. The ae, du, su 1 and su 2 mutants produced high‐amylose starches, while amylopectin of su 2 was normal type and those of ae, du and su 1 were novel type, and ae starches possessed longer average chain‐lengths of amylopectin. Phytoglycogens were prepared from su 1 kernels during development and their characteristics were compared with those of su 1 starches. The characteristics of phytoglycogens did not change during the developmental phase studied and the average chain‐lengths of phytoglycogens were shorter than those of amylopectin of su 1 starches at each stage of development.
Formation of Current Leakage Paths at the Interface between Dielectrics in Intense Electric Fields in a Gas Discharge Display Device (1991)

Electrically conducting paths were formed at the interface between a soda-lime glass substrate and a lead-glass overglaze in a gas discharge display panel under an electric field of 7 kV/cm. This resulted in the panel malfunctioning after 4000-h operation. The current leakage paths consisted of Pb atoms, produced by the reduction of PbO by Na ions. The rate of path formation was strongly sensitive to the electric field, substrate temperature, and also to the presence of ionized gases in the vicinity of the interface. Methods of avoiding insulation failure include using a Pb-free dielectric overglaze, sandwiching the electrodes between lead glasses, and reducing the intensity of the electric field.
NITROGEN LASER ACTION IN A SUPERSONIC FLOW (1966)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. Wilson; NITROGEN LASER ACTION IN A SUPERSONIC FLOW. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1 April 1966; 8 (7): 159–161. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1754534 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Secure communication using coherent states (2002)

We demonstrate that secure communication using coherent states is possible. The optimal eavesdropping strategy for an M-ry ciphering scheme shows that the minimum probability of error in a measurement for bit determination can be made arbitrarily close to the pure guessing value P_e=1/2. This ciphering scheme can be optically amplified without degrading the security level. New avenues are open to secure communications at high speeds in fiber-optic or free-space channels.
Easing the generation of predictive human performance models from legacy systems (2012)

With the rise of tools for predictive human performance modeling in HCI comes a need to model legacy applications. Models of legacy systems are used to compare products to competitors, or new proposed design ideas to the existing version of an application. We present CogTool-Helper, an exemplar of a tool that results from joining this HCI need to research in automatic GUI testing from the Software Engineering testing community. CogTool-Helper uses automatic UI-model extraction and test case generation to automatically create CogTool storyboards and models and infer methods to accomplish tasks beyond what the UI designer has specified. A design walkthrough with experienced CogTool users reveal that CogTool-Helper resonates with a "pain point" of real-world modeling and provide suggestions for future work.
A progressive approach to handling message-dependent deadlock in parallel computer systems (2003)

Handling deadlocks is essential for providing reliable communication paths between processing nodes in parallel computer systems. The existence of multiple message types and associated inter-message dependencies may cause message-dependent deadlocks in networks that are designed to be free of routing deadlock. Most methods currently used for dealing with message-dependent deadlocks require more system resources than are necessary and/or do not use system resources efficiently. This may have an adverse effect on system performance if resources are scarce. In this paper, we characterize the frequency of message-dependent deadlocks in multiprocessor/multicomputer systems. We also propose a handling technique for message-dependent deadlocks based on progressive deadlock recovery and evaluate its performance with other approaches. Results show that message-dependent deadlocks occur very infrequently under typical circumstances thus, rendering approaches based on avoiding them overly restrictive in the common case. The proposed technique relaxes restrictions considerably, allowing the routing of packets and the handling of message-dependent deadlocks to be much more efficient-particularly when network resources are scarce.
INVISIP: Metadata-based Information Visualization Techniques to Access Geodata Archives and to Support the Site Planning Process (2002)

This paper introduces the GeoCrystal and the SuperTable + Scatterplot as new information visualization techniques (based on metadata and metaphors) to support accessing geospatial data archives and site planning in general
Growth Response to Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment Relates to Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-Binding Protein-3 in Short Children with Various GH Secretion Capacities<sup>1</sup> (1997)

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the 1-yr (n = 193) and 2-yr (n = 128) growth response and the individual serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) before and during GH treatment. Our study group of prepubertal short children had from very low to high GH secretory capacity, estimated during an arginine-insulin tolerance test, and the ages ranged from 3-15 yr at the start of treatment. Their serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were low before treatment compared to those in an age-related reference group of prepubertal children and increased significantly from the start to 1 month of GH treatment. The mean increase in height SD score was 0.80 SD score after 1 yr of GH treatment and 1.26 SD score after 2 yr, with a wide range. In univariate analyses the highest correlation coefficients to the 2-yr growth response were found to be vs. the following variables from the start of treatment: IGF-I SD score (r = -0.49), log maximum GH concentration (log GHmax) during the arginine-insulin tolerance test (r = -0.47), difference between the height SD score of the individual child and the midparental height SD score (diffSD score; r = -0.45), IGFBP-3 SD score (r = -0.39), age (r = -0.30), short term change in IGFBP-3 SD score (r = 0.37), and IGF-I SD score (r = 0.34). In multivariate stepwise regression analysis, 41% of the variation in the 2-yr growth response could be explained by IGF-I SD score or log GHmax together with age at the start of treatment, weight SD score at 1 yr of age, and diffSD score. When both IGF-I SD score and GHmax were included and when the short term changes in IGF-I SD score were added, 46% and 58% of the variation, respectively, could be explained. The regression algorithms using different combinations of variables and their corresponding prediction intervals are also presented.
Rectilinear shortest paths through polygonal obstacles in <i>O</i>(<i>n</i>(log<i>n</i>)<sup>2</sup>) time (1987)

The problem of finding a rectilinear shortest path amongst obstacles may be stated as follows: Given a set of obstacles in the plane find a shortest rectilinear (L1) path from a point s to a point t which avoids all obstacles. The path may touch an obstacle but may not cross an obstacle. We study the rectilinear shortest path problem for the case where the obstacles are non-intersecting simple polygons, and present an Ο(n (logn)2) algorithm for finding such a path, where n is the number of vertices of the obstacles. We also study the case of rectilinear obstacles in three dimensions, and show that L1 shortest paths can be found in Ο(n2(log n)3) time.
The theoretical development of a multichannel time-series myoprocessor for simultaneous limb function detection and muscle force estimation (1989)

This paper details the theoretical development and simulation of a complete time-series myoprocessor which provides reliable and economical predictions of both the magnitude and direction of limb motion from the spectral content of the surface EMG. Treating multiple channels of surface EMG as a vector-valued autoregressive process incorporates spatially distributed information which extends the operating range of parallel filtering limb function classifiers and reduces their sensitivity to modeling conditions. Active joint moment is estimated simultaneously from the pooled variance of the prewhitened EMG generated during the classification procedure. Estimation from the prewhitened sequence imposes no additional computational requirements and extends optimal myoprocessors to include multiple channels of serially dependent data. Such a system may be applied to the control of actively powered prostheses or orthoses.
A new real-time PCR method to overcome significant quantitative inaccuracy due to slight amplification inhibition (2008)

Our results demonstrate that Cy0 represents a significant improvement over the standard methods for obtaining a reliable and precise nucleic acid quantification even in sub-optimal amplification conditions overcoming the underestimation caused by the presence of some PCR inhibitors.
Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications, Part 2 (2009)

Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has continued to develop into a powerful clinical tool to visualize venous structures and iron in the brain and to study diverse pathologic conditions. SWI offers a unique contrast, different from spin attenuation, T1, T2, and T2* (see Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications, Part 1). In this clinical review (Part 2), we present a variety of neurovascular and neurodegenerative disease applications for SWI, covering trauma, stroke, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, venous anomalies, multiple sclerosis, and tumors. We conclude that SWI often offers complementary information valuable in the diagnosis and potential treatment of patients with neurologic disorders.
FUNCTION POINT ESTIMATION METHODS: A COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW (1999)

The appearance of the Function Point technique has allowed the ICT community to increase significantly the practice of software measurement, with respect to the use of the traditional &quot;Lines of Code approach&quot;. A FP count, however, requires a complete and detailed level of descriptive documentation, like the Functional Specifications of the software system under measurement, to be performed. There are at least two situations in which having an estimation method, compatible but alternative to the standard rules for FP, could be decisive. The first case occurs when the development or enhancement project is in such an early phase that it is simply not possible to perform a FP count according to the IFPUG standards (i.e. in the Feasibility Study). The second case occurs when an evaluation of the existing software asset is needed, but the necessary documentation or the required time and resources to perform a detailed FP calculation are not available. Based on these and other analogous situ...
The IL-23 to IL-17 cascade inflammation-related cancers. (2015)

Two inflammatory cytokines, IL-23 and IL-17A, produced by myeloid cells and different lymphocyte subsets, were found to play important pathogenic functions in several inflammation-related cancers. In colorectal cancer, elevated expression of IL-23, IL-23 receptor and IL-17A has been linked to adverse prognostic outcome and rapid progression to metastatic disease. In mouse models of colorectal tumourigenesis genetic or pharmacological inhibition of these cytokines attenuates tumour development and malignant progression. Collectively, such findings suggest that IL-23 and/or IL-17A inhibitors should be evaluated for their therapeutic and preventative potential in human cancers, especially in colorectal cancer.
Total synthesis of (+)-11,11'-di-O-methylelaiophylidene, an aglycon of elaiophylin (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (+)-11,11'-di-O-methylelaiophylidene, an aglycon of elaiophylinDieter Seebach, Hak Fun Chow, Richard Jackson, Kevin Lawson, Marius Sutter, Suvit Thaisrivongs, and Juerg ZimmermannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 18, 5292–5293Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00304a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00304a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views569Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proposal of Resonant Tunneling Diode Oscillators with Offset-Fed Slot Antennas in THz and Sub-THz Range (2006)

We propose resonant tunneling diode (RTD) oscillators with offset-fed slot antennas in THz and sub-THz range for high frequency and high output power oscillators at room temperature. We analyzed the dependence of the oscillation frequency and output power on RTD position along slot antenna using 3-dimensional electromagnetic-field simulation. The oscillation frequency and output power largely increase compared with previously reported oscillators without offset feed, because of improvement on impedance matching between RTD and antenna. The oscillation frequency of 100-mum-long slot antenna without offset is around 300 GHz, while it increases to around 1 THz by the offset of 46.5 mum (93%) from the antenna center.
Synthesis of Optically Active Amino Acid Derivatives via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution (2009)

The complete conversion of racemic amino acid amides to optically active amino acid derivatives was accomplished via lipase/palladium-catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR). In the DKR, a lipase catalyzes the selective acylation of L-substrate in the presence of acyl donor while unreacted D-substrate is isomerized by a Pd nanocatalyst to L-substrate. The DKR reactions provided good yields (80-98%) and high enantiomeric excess (95-98% ee). Interestingly, the DKR reactions of phenylglycine amide in the presence of Z-Gly-OMe or Z-Gly-Gly-OMe yielded optically active di- and tripeptide .
Vapor-based grafting of crosslinked poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) coatings with tuned hydrophilicity and anti-biofouling properties (2016)

Anti-biofouling poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) coatings with tailored crosslinking degrees were synthesized and grafted onto planar and microporous substrates via a one-step vapor-based approach. N-Vinyl pyrrolidone was copolymerized with ethylene glycol diacrylate at different ratios in the vapor phase, resulting in conformal PVP coatings with a wide spectrum of crosslinking degrees. The synthesized coatings were immobilized onto substrates either through covalent bonding with pretreated surfaces, or by first generating a highly crosslinked polymer prime layer on untreated surfaces, followed by in situ grafting from the reactive sites of the prime coating. The surface hydrophilicity of the resultant coatings along with their protein and bacteria repellency increased monotonically with the decrease of the crosslinking degree. Coatings on planar surfaces with the lowest crosslinking degree showed a water contact angle of 33 ± 1°, comparable to the reported PVP-grafted surfaces, while coatings on microporous membranes exhibited "superwettability" with water contact angles close to 0°. The least crosslinked coatings also adsorbed 92% less bovine serum albumin compared to the control, and readily prevented the attachment of Escherichia coli cells. The grafted coatings are robust against continuous washing and ultrasonication. We expect this vapor-based grafting technique to provide a practical means for imparting surface hydrophilicity and anti-biofouling properties to substrates regardless of their surface chemistry or geometry.
Clustered OFDM with channel estimation for high rate wireless data (2001)

Clustered OFDM can provide in-band diversity gain for wideband wireless communication systems. It is a promising technique for high rate packet data access over wideband mobile wireless channels. Due to the smaller size of each cluster for clustered OFDM than for classical (nonclustered) OFDM, edge effects can be very large. In this letter, we present new transforms for channel estimators in clustered OFDM systems. The new transforms are independent of the channel delay profiles and can effectively mitigate the edge effects. It is shown by computer simulation that the performance of clustered OFDM with the estimator using the new transforms is very close to the performance with the optimum estimator that is determined by the individual channel delay profile. Furthermore, clustered OFDM with the new estimator is almost as good as classical OFDM with transmit diversity.
BMX Acts Downstream of PI3K to Promote Colorectal Cancer Cell Survival and Pathway Inhibition Sensitizes to the BH3 Mimetic ABT-737 (2014)

Evasion of apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer, and reversing this process by inhibition of survival signaling pathways is a potential therapeutic strategy. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling can promote cell survival and is upregulated in solid tumor types, including colorectal cancer (CRC), although these effects are context dependent. The role of PI3K in tumorigenesis combined with their amenability to specific inhibition makes them attractive drug targets. However, we observed that inhibition of PI3K in HCT116, DLD-1, and SW620 CRC cells did not induce apoptotic cell death. Moreover, these cells were relatively resistant to the Bcl-2 homology domain 3 (BH3) mimetic ABT-737, which directly targets the Bcl-2 family of apoptosis regulators. To test the hypothesis that PI3K inhibition lowers the apoptotic threshold without causing apoptosis per se, PI3K inhibitors were combined with ABT-737. PI3K inhibition enhanced ABT-737-induced apoptosis by 2.3- to 4.5-fold and reduced expression levels of MCL-1, the resistance biomarker for ABT-737. PI3K inhibition enhanced ABT-737-induced apoptosis a further 1.4- to 2.4-fold in CRC cells with small interfering RNA-depleted MCL-1, indicative of additional sensitizing mechanisms. The observation that ABT-737-induced apoptosis was unaffected by inhibition of PI3K downstream effectors AKT and mTOR, implicated a novel PI3K-dependant pathway. To elucidate this, an RNA interference (RNAi) screen of potential downstream effectors of PI3K signaling was conducted, which demonstrated that knockdown of the TEC kinase BMX sensitized to ABT-737. This suggests that BMX is an antiapoptotic downstream effector of PI3K, independent of AKT.
Handbuch der organischen Chemie / F. Beilstein ; 1. Bd.: Einleitung. - Specieller Theil: Fettreihe (1881)

This title is retained by the Boston Public Library on behalf of Boston Library Consortium participants under the binding terms of the Collaborative Retention and De-selection Memorandum of Understanding in effect through Dec. 31, 2019