gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The marine phycotoxin gymnodimine targets muscular and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes with high affinity (2008)

Gymnodimines (GYMs) are phycotoxins exhibiting unusual structural features including a spirocyclic imine ring system and a trisubstituted tetrahydrofuran embedded within a 16-membered macrocycle. The toxic potential and the mechanism of action of GYM-A, highly purified from contaminated clams, have been assessed. GYM-A in isolated mouse phrenic hemidiaphragm preparations produced a concentration- and time-dependent block of twitch responses evoked by nerve stimulation, without affecting directly elicited muscle twitches, suggesting that it may block the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (nAChR). This was confirmed by the blockade of miniature endplate potentials and the recording of subthreshold endplate potentials in GYM-A paralyzed frog and mouse isolated neuromuscular preparations. Patch-clamp recordings in Xenopus skeletal myocytes revealed that nicotinic currents evoked by constant iontophoretical ACh pulses were blocked by GYM-A in a reversible manner. GYM-A also blocked, in a voltage-independent manner, homomeric human alpha7 nAChR expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Competition-binding assays confirmed that GYM-A is a powerful ligand interacting with muscle-type nAChR, heteropentameric alpha3beta2, alpha4beta2, and chimeric alpha7-5HT(3) neuronal nAChRs. Our data show for the first time that GYM-A broadly targets nAChRs with high affinity explaining the basis of its neurotoxicity, and also pave the way for designing specific tests for accurate GYM-A detection in shellfish samples.
Verapamil, a Calcium-Channel Blocker, Improves the Wound Healing Process in Rats with Excisional Full-Thickness Skin Wounds Based on Stereological Parameters (2016)

The authors showed that verapamil has the ability to improve wound healing by enhancing fibroblast proliferation, collagen bundle synthesis, and revascularization in skin injuries.
A multilevel converter topology with common flying capacitors (2013)

This paper introduces a multilevel converter topology with common flying capacitors shared by phases. The unique feature of this configuration makes contribution to reduce the total number of components like switching devices and capacitors, which is closely related to the converter cost and volume. Therefore, low cost and high power density are expected to be achieved. A three-phase 5-level converter, regarded as the minimum system of proposed topology, is analyzed for operational principle explanation and verification. Simulation study and results using MATLAB/Simulink presented in the paper supported the idea and validated the feasibility. In order to implement experimental test, a 200V, 7.5kW mini-model with induction motor load was built up and the results shown are consistent with analysis and simulation.
Dental Implant Electrical Stimulation Healing Device (2017)

There is an electrical stimulation device for dental implant healing, which is designed for dental patients who have been received an implant in their jaws during the three months of healing period. The device consists of adjustable constant current (or constant voltage) circuit, power supply (including DC or external AC power supply and transformer), MCU(Microcontrollers), wire and electrode, electrode fixed and connecting device, control panel and shell. When the dental implants have been implanted, the instrument facilitates osseointegration between the implant and the alveolar bone and healing of the implant and gingival tissue. There is the most advantage that we can adjust the corresponding constant voltage (50-1000mV) or constant current (10-200mA)and the loading time(10-60min) depending on the patient's alveolar bone condition.
Purification and characterization of a methionine aminopeptidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1990)

Methionine aminopeptidase (MAP), which catalyzes the removal of NH2-terminal methionine from proteins, was isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzyme was purified 472-fold to apparent homogeneity. The Mr of the native enzyme was estimated to be 36,000 +/- 5,000 by gel filtration chromatography, and the Mr of the denatured protein was estimated to be 34,000 +/- 2,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme has a pH optimum near 7.0, and its pI is 7.8 as determined by chromatofocusing on Mono P. The enzyme was inactivated by metalloprotease inhibitors (EDTA, o-phenanthroline and nitrilotriacetic acid), sulfhydryl-modifying reagents (HgCl2 and p-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid), and Zn2+. Yeast MAP failed to cleave methionine p-nitroanilide. Among 11 Xaa-Ala-Ser analogues (Xaa = Ala, Asp, Gln, Glu, Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Pro, and Ser), MAP cleaved only Met-Ala-Ser. MAP also cleaved methionine from other tripeptides whose penultimate amino acid residue is relatively small and/or uncharged (e.g. Pro, Gly, Val, Thr, or Ser) but not when bulky and/or charged (Arg. His, Leu, Met, or Tyr). Yeast MAP displayed similar substrate specificities compared with those of Escherichia coli (Ben-Bassat, A., Bauer, K., Chang, S.Y., Myambo, K., Boosman, A., and Chang, S. (1987) J. Bacteriol. 169, 751-757) and Salmonella typhimurium MAP (Miller, C., Strauch, K. L., Kukral, A. M., Miller, J. L., Wingfield, P. T., Mazzei, G. J., Werlen, R. C., Garber, P., and Movva, N. R. (1987) Proc. Natl, Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 2718-2722). In general, the in vitro specificity of yeast MAP is consistent with the specificity observed in previous in vivo studies in yeast (reviewed in Arfin, S. M., and Bradshaw, R. A. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 7979-7984).
Medical word recognition using a computational semantic lexicon (2003)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays the following two crucial roles in medical form analysis: recognition, as an input, of the New York State (NYS) Prehospital Care Report (PCR), and data inferences as an output. The PCR provides medical, legal, and quality assurance (QA) data (approximately 2-3 Years behind in storage and analysis) that needs to be efficiently centralized to aid health care. Automating NYS PCR analysis will facilitate a more efficient and useful description of a patient being admitted to a hospital emergency room (ER). ER environments can be highly stressful on the human body given the time constraints of bioterrorism, trauma and/or disease. The recognition task will allow these ER health care professionals to evaluate all data and emergency techniques performed by paramedics and emergency medical technicians (EMT's). A computer screen, presenting diagrams, descriptions and inferences of a human body, representing the patient, will be updated with the corresponding handwritten PCR information. This information can then be transported to a central data bank where other hospitals can determine if there are possible outbreaks due to bio-terrorism, disease, hazardous materials incident or other non-obvious mass casualty incidents (MCI). Currently, it may take several days or even weeks, when it is clearly too late, to discover a massive atrocity. The recognition process will involve a method for reducing the size of the lexicon by integrating semantic knowledge with pattern recognition data.
Context-Aware Computing Support for Network-Assisted Seamless Vertical Handover in Remote Patient Monitoring (2009)

The advances in the area of mobile computing is likely to make it feasible to predict the availability of wireless networks and their application level Quality of Service (QoS) characteristics along the user mobility path. Such predictions are referred to as QoS predictions which are provided by the QoS Context Source (QoSCS) hosted in the fixed network. On the multi-homed mobile devices, the QoS Predictions could be used for the handover to the optimal wireless network which satisfies the QoS requirements of the mobile applications. However, to achieve this functionality, a middleware support is necessary to obtain and make use of QoS predictions in real-time. To this end, we present design, architecture and validation of the context-aware computing support for network-assisted seamless vertical handover that uses QoS predictions to take a handover decision. We evaluate the proposed solution, in a case where it is applied in the mobile health care applications. The obtained simulation results encourage us to conduct the real-time system validation by employing the proposed solution.
Fasting Regulates Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y, Agouti-Related Peptide, and Proopiomelanocortin in Diabetic Mice Independent of Changes in Leptin or Insulin1 (1999)

Fasting increases hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AGRP) messenger RNA (mRNA) and reduces hypothalamic POMC mRNA, and is also characterized by a reduction in plasma leptin, insulin, and glucose, each of which has been implicated in the regulation of hypothalamic gene expression. To further evaluate the roles of leptin, insulin, and glucose in mediating effects of fasting, we examined hypothalamic gene expression in nondiabetic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice both under ad lib fed and 48-h fasted conditions. In both diabetic and nondiabetic mice, fasting stimulated hypothalamic NPY and AGRP mRNA and inhibited hypothalamic POMC mRNA and adipose leptin mRNA. However, in diabetic mice fasting had no effect on plasma leptin and insulin while decreasing plasma glucose, whereas in nondiabetic mice fasting decreased plasma leptin, insulin, and glucose. Furthermore, in nondiabetic fasted mice, NPY and AGRP mRNA were higher, and POMC mRNA and plasma glucose were lower, than in diabetic ad lib fed mice, even though insulin and leptin were similar in these two groups. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that although leptin and insulin regulate hypothalamic gene expression, glucose or other factors may have independent effects on hypothalamic and adipose gene expression under conditions of low insulin and leptin.
Underwater Pipeline Inspection Using Guided Waves (2002)

Underwater pipeline inspections are conducted using ultrasonic cylindrical guided waves in the laboratory environment. Three different types of mechanical defects—gouge, removed metal, and dent—are fabricated in small-diameter, 22.22-mm, aluminum pipes and tested. To efficiently propagate the antisymmetric (flexural) cylindrical guided waves through the aluminum pipe in water, a new transducer holder device is designed. The device uses commercially available ultrasonic transducers that generate compressional ultrasonic waves in the water. The device can change the striking angle of the incident beam from 0 to 51 deg. With the help of this device, the incident angle adjustment and frequency sweeping can be carried out. This is necessary for obtaining the time history of the received signals for various incident angles and signal frequencies; then these time histories are converted to Vf curves, or received signal amplitude versus frequency curves. From the amplitude of these Vf curves, the type and extent of the mechanical defects can be estimated. This investigation shows that the new coupler device can be effectively used for health monitoring of underwater pipelines using guided waves.
Variability in the measurement of nebulized aerosol deposition in man (1991)

1. This study was performed to determine the variability of two different scintigraphic methods of measuring pulmonary aerosol deposition, and to examine nebulizer particle size and drug output as potential sources of this variability. 2. A radioaerosol was produced from a 3 ml solution of 99mTc-labelled colloidal human serum albumin (0.05 mg, 37 MBq) using a standard jet nebulizer and air compressor. This was inhaled on three separate occasions by nine healthy male subjects. One one of these occasions, a further inhalation was performed to assess immediate repeatability using increased 99mTc activity (92 MBq). 3. Intrapulmonary aerosol deposition was measured with a gamma-camera and was corrected for tissue attenuation and geometric distribution by using two different methods. 4. Estimated mean pulmonary deposition was 4.3% of the nebulizer dose using a lung phantom correction method, and 6.1% using a tissue attenuation method. For these two methods respectively variability between subjects (coefficient of variation) was 54 and 47%. For both methods, within-subject variability (coefficient of variation) was 37% between occasions and 23% within occasions. 5. The particle-size output of several nebulizers was highly reproducible (coefficient of variation less than 4%), but the nebulizer mass and radionuclide output of two nebulizers was more variable (coefficient of variation 5-19%), and appeared to be an important contributor to the variability in pulmonary aerosol deposition. 6. The data presented here for pulmonary deposition, used with appropriate power statistics formulae, can be used to estimate the sample sizes required for comparative studies of lung aerosol deposition.
Wortmannin elevates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand sensitivity in LNCaP cells through down-regulation of IAP-2 protein. (2005)

Wortmannin elevates the TRAIL sensitivity in LNCaP cells by regulating the phosphorylation of Akt and IAP-2 protein expression.
Mutations in the Estrogen Receptor Ligand Binding Domain Discriminate between Hormone-dependent Transactivation and Transrepression (2000)

The estrogen receptor (ER) suppresses transcriptional activity of the RelA subunit of nuclear factor-kappaB in a hormone-dependent manner by a mechanism involving both the receptor DNA binding domain and ligand binding domain (LBD). In this study we examine the role of the ER LBD in mediating ligand-dependent RelA transrepression. Both ERalpha and ERbeta inhibit RelA in response to 17beta-estradiol but not in the presence of antihormones. We have identified residues within the ERalpha LBD that are responsible for receptor dimerization and show that dimerization is necessary for transactivation and transrepression. Moreover we have generated mutant receptors that have lost their ability to inhibit RelA but retain their capacity to stimulate transcription and conversely mutants that are transcriptionally defective but capable of antagonizing RelA. Overexpression of p160 and cAMP-response element-binding protein-binding protein/p300 co-activators failed to relieve repression of RelA, which is consistent with the demonstration that RelA inhibition can occur independently of these co-activators. These findings suggest it is unlikely that sequestration of these cofactors required for ER transcriptional activation can account for hormone-dependent antagonism of RelA. The identification of ER mutants that discriminate between transactivation and transrepression implies that distinct surfaces within the LBD are involved in mediating these two receptor functions.
Direct Discriminative Pattern Mining for Effective Classification (2008)

The application of frequent patterns in classification has demonstrated its power in recent studies. It often adopts a two-step approach: frequent pattern (or classification rule) mining followed by feature selection (or rule ranking). However, this two-step process could be computationally expensive, especially when the problem scale is large or the minimum support is low. It was observed that frequent pattern mining usually produces a huge number of "patterns" that could not only slow down the mining process but also make feature selection hard to complete. In this paper, we propose a direct discriminative pattern mining approach, DDPMine, to tackle the efficiency issue arising from the two-step approach. DDPMine performs a branch-and-bound search for directly mining discriminative patterns without generating the complete pattern set. Instead of selecting best patterns in a batch, we introduce a "feature-centered" mining approach that generates discriminative patterns sequentially on a progressively shrinking FP-tree by incrementally eliminating training instances. The instance elimination effectively reduces the problem size iteratively and expedites the mining process. Empirical results show that DDPMine achieves orders of magnitude speedup without any downgrade of classification accuracy. It outperforms the state-of-the-art associative classification methods in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.
Attenuation by a 5a-Reductase Inhibitor of the Activational Effect of Testosterone Propionate on Penile Erections in Castrated Male Rats* (1981)

Daily administration of an inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase, 17 beta-testosterone carboxylic acid, significantly attenuated the stimulatory effect of testosterone propionate on penile erections displayed by castrated male rats which were restrained in a supine position. This treatment, however, failed to affect mating behavior in tests with sexually receptive females. The inhibitory effect of 17 beta-testosterone carboxylic acid on erection was reversed by concurrent administration of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone propionate, suggesting that the 5 alpha-reduced metabolite(s) of testosterone may normally contribute to the activation of penile erection in the rat.
Metaliferous Laterite in New Caledonia (1918)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Antimicrobial activity of some 2-aminopyrimidines. (1989)

The minimum inhibitory concentration values for a group of pyrimidine derivatives were determined for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeast. The active compounds were further screened. The effect of these compounds on growth and morphology was tested, and their structural antimicrobial activity is discussed.
Basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in sera from non-small cell lung cancer patients. (1998)

We found that elevated levels of bFGF is a good prognostic factor when measured in sera from NSCLC patients. As this result disagrees with earlier studies on other malignancies the results from our study needs to be further investigated in a prospective study.
Differentiating Between Cancer and Inflammation: A Metabolic-Based Method for Functional Computed Tomography Imaging (2016)

One of the main limitations of the highly used cancer imaging technique, PET-CT, is its inability to distinguish between cancerous lesions and post treatment inflammatory conditions. The reason for this lack of specificity is that [(18)F]FDG-PET is based on increased glucose metabolic activity, which characterizes both cancerous tissues and inflammatory cells. To overcome this limitation, we developed a nanoparticle-based approach, utilizing glucose-functionalized gold nanoparticles (GF-GNPs) as a metabolically targeted CT contrast agent. Our approach demonstrates specific tumor targeting and has successfully distinguished between cancer and inflammatory processes in a combined tumor-inflammation mouse model, due to dissimilarities in angiogenesis occurring under different pathologic conditions. This study provides a set of capabilities in cancer detection, staging and follow-up, and can be applicable to a wide range of cancers that exhibit high metabolic activity.
Development of a Multiplex PCR for the Detection of <i>asa1</i> , <i>gelE</i> , <i>cylA</i> , <i>esp</i> , and <i>hyl</i> Genes in Enterococci and Survey for Virulence Determinants among European Hospital Isolates of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (2004)

A multiplex PCR for the simultaneous detection of five virulence genes (asa1, gelE, cylA, esp, and hyl) in enterococci was developed. The presence of these genes was investigated in 153 clinical and 118 fecal Enterococcus faecium isolates from inpatients at an increased risk of developing infections (such as patients in intensive care units and hematology wards) from 13 hospitals in eight European countries. Of the 271 E. faecium isolates, 135 were vancomycin resistant E. faecium (VREF) isolates and 136 were vancomycin susceptible E. faecium (VSEF) isolates. Susceptibilities to ampicillin, gentamicin, streptomycin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, ramoplanin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and linezolid were tested by the microdilution method. Overall, the prevalence of esp was significantly higher (P = 0.03) in clinical VREF isolates (92%) than in fecal VREF isolates (73%). In Italy, the prevalence of esp was significantly higher (P = 0.02) in VREF isolates (91%) than in VSEF isolates (68%), whereas in the United Kingdom, hyl was significantly more prevalent (P = 0.01) in VREF isolates (71%) than in VSEF isolates (29%). No significant differences were found for the other countries. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to check the clonality among the strains tested and showed the spread of two center-specific (esp-positive) VREF clones in Italy and one center-specific (hyl-positive) clone in the United Kingdom. These clones were resistant to ampicillin, gentamicin, and streptomycin. The multiplex PCR reported in this study is a convenient and rapid method for the simultaneous detection of the virulence genes asa1, gelE, cylA, esp, and hyl in enterococci. Molecular analysis showed the intrahospital spread of esp-positive VREF clones (in Italy) and hyl-positive VREF clones (in the United Kingdom); the role of hyl remains to be elucidated.
Fast prototyping of an ASIC for ATM application using a synthesizable VHDL flexible library (2002)

Describes our design experience on fast prototyping with the development of an ASIC for ATM applications from the specification to the final implementation. The main goal of fast and safe prototyping is reached by using the CSELT Intellectual Properties Library of parametric macro-modules. This is a synthesizable library composed of a set of modules, written in RT-level VHDL and implementing functions commonly used in telecom applications. The developed circuit performs the following main functions: UTOPIA/PB interface conversion for both the physical and ATM sides, and ATM cell header processing. The circuit is intended to be used in an ATM switching system and has been designed using a 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS sea-of-gates library (3.3 V). It has a complexity of 70 kgates and an operational frequency of 33 MHz. The maximum throughput is 155 Mbit/s. It has been developed in approximately three months.
MicroRNAs in pulmonary arterial remodeling (2013)

Pulmonary arterial remodeling is a presently irreversible pathologic hallmark of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This complex disease involves pathogenic dysregulation of all cell types within the small pulmonary arteries contributing to vascular remodeling leading to intimal lesions, resulting in elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and right heart dysfunction. Mutations within the bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 gene, leading to dysregulated proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, have been identified as being responsible for heritable PAH. Indeed, the disease is characterized by excessive cellular proliferation and resistance to apoptosis of smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Significant gene dysregulation at the transcriptional and signaling level has been identified. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression and have the ability to target numerous genes, therefore potentially controlling a host of gene regulatory and signaling pathways. The major role of miRNAs in pulmonary arterial remodeling is still relatively unknown although research data is emerging apace. Modulation of miRNAs represents a possible therapeutic target for altering the remodeling phenotype in the pulmonary vasculature. This review will focus on the role of miRNAs in regulating smooth muscle and endothelial cell phenotypes and their influence on pulmonary remodeling in the setting of PAH.