gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Novel Anti-ice-nucleating Polysaccharide from<i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>YY529 (2002)

Strain YY529, capable of producing some anti-ice-nucleating materials (ANM), was isolated from the surface of a camphor leaf. Strain YY529 was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis from its characteristics and taxonomy; the optimum temperature and pH for producing these ANMs were 30 degrees C and 7.0, respectively. One of the ANM with the highest activities among them was purified from the culture. The molecular weight of the ANM was approximately 130 kDa based on a gel filtration analysis. We confirmed that this ANM was a polysaccharide based on the results of the treatment with a mannosidase and the molish reaction. In addition, the LCMS analysis showed that this anti-ice-nucleating polysaccharide (ANPS) had the polyacetyl-D-glucosamine moiety in its structure. Furthermore, this ANPS showed its ability as a non-freeze agent in a preservative solution for the cryopreservation of cock liver. This is the first report of ANPS as a novel ANM from Bacillus thuringiensis YY529.
Molecular recognition of pathogen attack occurs inside of plant cells in plant disease resistance specified by the <i>Arabidopsis</i> genes <i>RPS2 </i> and <i> RPM1</i> (1996)

The Arabidopsis thaliana disease resistance genes RPS2 and RPM1 belong to a class of plant disease resistance genes that encode proteins that contain an N-terminal tripartite nucleotide binding site (NBS) and a C-terminal tandem array of leucine-rich repeats. RPS2 and RPM1 confer resistance to strains of the bacterial phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae carrying the avirulence genes avrRpt2 and avrB, respectively. In these gene-for-gene relationships, it has been proposed that pathogen avirulence genes generate specific ligands that are recognized by cognate receptors encoded by the corresponding plant resistance genes. To test this hypothesis, it is crucial to know the site of the potential molecular recognition. Mutational analysis of RPS2 protein and in vitro translation/translocation studies indicated that RPS2 protein is localized in the plant cytoplasm. To determine whether avirulence gene products themselves are the ligands for resistance proteins, we expressed the avrRpt2 and avrB genes directly in plant cell using a novel quantitative transient expression assay, and found that expression of avrRpt2 and avrB elicited a resistance response in plants carrying the corresponding resistance genes. This observation indicates that no bacterial factors other than the avirulence gene products are required for the specific resistance response as long as the avirulence gene products are correctly localized. We propose that molecular recognition of P. syringae in RPS2- and RPM1-specified resistance occurs inside of plant cells.
Channel Estimation Using Data and Pilots for a Coordinated DSL System (2007)

Coordination between users in the downstream direction has been recently proposed in order to combat the effects of crosstalk in DSL transmissions. A high level of coordination involves a fine knowledge of the crosstalk coupling between lines and an imperfect channel estimation has an influence on the performance of the system. Classical estimation techniques that use training symbols have good performance with a low computational cost, but induce a loss in terms of bandwidth efficiency. In addition, the management of DSL lines should consider the insertion of a new user in a coordinated transmission. In this paper, we propose a crosstalk estimation method for including a new user without disrupting the transmission of the already coordinated users. The resulting channel estimation error is then analyzed as well as the impact on the expected data throughputs.
Broadband filter using multi-layer sub-wavelength high-contrast grating structure (2014)

This paper proposed a novel broadband filter using multi-layer sub-wavelength high-contrast grating (HCG) structure. This filter has wide bandwidth and good sideband suppression. We simulated and analyzed the effects of different numbers of layers and different grating indexes on filtering performance of the broadband filter. According to the simulated results, we designed a multilayer HCG broadband filter, which has bandwidth of 843 nm and center wavelength of 1550 nm.
FACILE SYNTHESIS OF AVICEQUINONE-B NATURAL PRODUCT (2002)

ABSTRACT An efficient synthesis of avicequinone-B (2) and furonaphthoquinone 4 has been carried out starting from 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (6) by CAN-mediated cycloaddition reaction.
Reefer logistics and cool chain transport (2020)

Reefer logistics is an important part of the cool chain in which reefer containers are involved as the packaging for transporting perishable goods. Reefer logistics is challenging, as it deals with cost and time constraints as well as the product quality and sustainability requirements. In many situations, there is a trade-off between these factors (e.g., between transportation time and the quality of fresh products). Furthermore, considering the high value of reefers, the efficient logistics of is as important as the efficient cargo flows. This causes technical complications and the conflict of interests between actors, especially, between cargo owners (or shippers) and the asset owners (or transport/terminal operators). Improving the efficiency of reefer logistics calls for a thorough understanding of the trade-offs and complexities. This paper aims to help develop such an understanding using a systematic literature review and a socio-technical system analysis. The results can be used to provide managerial insights for actors involved in a cool chain to design tailored solutions for reefer.
Une ville franche des comtes de Savoie au Moyen Age : Thonon. (1973)

Monique Constant, Une ville franche des comtes de Savoie au Moyen Age : Thonon. — Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes, t. CXXXI (1973), p. 105-149. Thonon est situé sur la rive gauche du Léman ; la ville était, au Moyen Age, reliée à Genève par deux routes, dont une longeait le lac, tandis que l'autre passait plus au sud. En 1266, le comte Pierre II de Savoie acquit du prieuré de Thonon les droits que celui-ci possédait dans la ville, dont les origines demeurent incertaines. Son frère Philippe accorda deux ans après des franchises à Thonon. Après la fin des guerres de la première moitié du XIVe siècle, l'épouse du comte Amédée VI, Bonne de Bourbon, se fit construire à quelques kilomètres de Thonon le manoir de Ripaille. Au début du XVe siècle, lorsque celui-ci devint insuffisant pour la cour d'Amédée VIII, le château de Thonon fut reconstruit et agrandi. La présence de la cour de Savoie donna à Thonon une certaine importance, d'autant plus qu'Amédée VIII fit construire à Ripaille un ermitage où il se retira en 1435. Par la suite, le château de Thonon fut un peu délaissé par les ducs de Savoie, mais il continua d'être entretenu jusqu'à l'invasion bernoise de 1536. Thonon, ville franche dotée d'un embryon d'organisation, avait un marché, et une foire s'y tenait annuellement. Le comte de Savoie y possédait des moulins et des fours banaux ainsi que la halle du marché. Il y percevait les droits provenant du contrôle des mesures, du foragium vini et du banvin. La ville devint au XIVe siècle le chef-lieu de la châtellenie d'Allinges-Thonon. Malgré sa superficie réduite, Thonon avait un caractère urbain certain ; il s'y faisait un certain trafic commercial. Un couvent de moines mendiants, des frères Augustins, s'y établit au XVe siècle.
Compensation for Within-Die Variations in-Dynamic Logic by using Body-Bias (2005)

We propose a fine-grained scheme to compensate for within-die variations in dynamic logic to reduce the variation in leakage, delay and noise margin through body-biasing. We first show that the amount of body-bias compensation needed depends on the correlation that exists between gates, and then analytically show the possible reduction in the variance of the leakage of both a single and multiple dynamic logic gates. We then design a circuit to implement the system which provides the reduction in the variance of the leakage, delay and noise margin of dynamic logic gates and show that it produces a close match to the analytical results. In our design, the variance of a typical test circuit is reduced by 27% and the variance of the path delay is reduced by 33%.
Disturbed Expression of Splicing Factors in Renal Cancer Affects Alternative Splicing of Apoptosis Regulators, Oncogenes, and Tumor Suppressors (2010)

We found that the mRNA expression of splicing factors was disturbed in tumors when compared to paired controls, similarly as levels of SF2/ASF and hnRNP A1 proteins. The correlation coefficients between expression levels of specific splicing factors were increased in tumor samples. Moreover, alternative splicing of five analyzed genes was also disturbed in ccRCC samples and splicing pattern of two of them, Caspase-9 and CEACAM1 correlated with expression of SF2/ASF in tumors. We conclude that disturbed expression of splicing factors in ccRCC may possibly lead to impaired alternative splicing of genes regulating tumor growth and this way contribute to the process of carcinogenesis.
Run-Time Compilation of Bytecode in Sensor Networks (2010)

Recent work on virtual machines for wireless sensor networks has demonstrated the benefits of using a Java programming paradigm for resource constrained sensor networks. Results have shown that a virtual machine approach greatly suffers from interpretation overheads. In this paper, we present run-time compilation of bytecode in wireless sensor networks which leverages from both a compact platform independent bytecode program representation as well as a native execution platform for efficient execution of code. Our results show that run-time compilation provides a substantial decrease in execution overheads when compared with an interpreter.
DESIGN STUDY OF A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT (TRIKT-50) FOR SPACE FLIGHT (1965)

Treatment with IV ketamine in depressed people has the same antidepressant effects as ECT treatment without any memory deficiency.
25.1 A 562F<sup>2</sup> Physically Unclonable Function with a Zero-Overhead Stabilization Scheme (2019)

Internet of Things (IoT) devices bring a growing demand for secure, low-power, and low-cost secret key and ID storage solutions. Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are one of the most promising alternatives to conventional non-volatile memory (NVM) solutions, which usually incur extra cost and are vulnerable to physical attackers. In recent years, significant research efforts have been devoted to improving the stability of PUF responses/keys across PVT variations, while maintaining the low-cost and low-power benefits. PUF design involves circuit topologies, stabilization methods, and error correction schemes. While redundancy-based stabilizing methods, such as extensive unstable bit masking and error correction codes (ECCs), are powerful to achieve 100% reliable keys [1,2,7], the on-chip area cost for redundancy, energy and latency during key extraction, and testing cost grow super linearly with the percentage of unstable bits in most cases (Fig. 25.1.1). Therefore, PUF designs with native reliability and lossless stabilizing methods are desirable. PUFs using metastability are fast and efficient [1,2], but suffer from transient noise. PUFs relying on shared digitizers [3,4] save area but require accurate comparators and suffer from noise during readout. PUF cells with static operation and local digitizing are shown to achieve the best stability [5-7], among which the amplifier chain structure shown in Fig. 25.1.1 demonstrates best native stability and low cost [6-7]. A NAND-based design [7] suffers from high power consumption and large area, while a 2T amplifier-based PUF [6] achieves a good trade-off among desired properties. However, the 2T amplifier in [6] does not scale well with technology, limited by its amplification gain and asymmetrical headroom (Fig. 25.1.1, top right). In this paper, a 562F <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> PUF cell, which can be reconfigured to a different PUF cell locally for lossless stabilization with zero area overhead (Fig. 25.1.1, bottom right), is implemented in 65nm CMOS. It features: 1) a 0.00182% native bit error after lossless stabilization and 0.44% across the military temperature range (-55 to 125°C); 2) a low-cost stabilization scheme combining a reconfigurable PUF cell with a body-bias-based V/T emulation method, which improves bit error rate (BER) by 149× and bit instability by 120×; 3) sub-threshold operation with only 0.062fJ/b core energy.
Two novel apolipoprotein A‐IV variants in individuals with familial combined hyperlipidemia and diminished levels of lipoprotein lipase activity (1996)

It has been suggested that apo A-IV may play a role in modulating the activation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) by apo C-II (Goldberg et al., 1990). Therefore, the role of genetic variation at the apolipoprotein A-IV locus in familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) was investigated. A subset of FCHL patients with half the level of plasma LPL activity was screened by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) for variants in the apolipoprotein A-IV gene. Two of 20 such individuals were found to be heterozygous carriers of previously undescribed amino acid substitutions: S158L and R 244Q substitutions, designated A-IV-Seattle-1 and A-IV-Seattle-2, respectively. These substitutions were not detected among 20 other FCHL patients with normal LPL levels and among 97 unselected medical students. The finding of these two alleles among only the 20 patients with FCHL with reduced levels of LPL suggests an association with this phenotype. It is hypothesized that these two alleles may contribute, along with alleles of other genes or environmental factors, to the development of FCHL. A third previously undescribed variant (A141S) was observed in four (two homozygotes and two heterozygotes) of the 97 medical students. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A 2.4-GHz 0.82-mW Hybrid Balun for Low-Power Fully-Differential Direct Conversion Receivers in 0.18 &#x003BC;m CMOS (2007)

A low-power, low-noise, highly-linear hybrid balun circuit is proposed for fully-differential low-power CMOS RF receivers. The hybrid balun is composed of a passive transformer and loss-compensating auxiliary amplifiers. Design issues regarding the optimal signal splitting and coupling between the transformer and compensating amplifiers are discussed. Implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS, the 2.4-GHz hybrid balun achieves 2.8-dB higher gain and 1.9-dB lower noise figure than its passive counterpart and +23dBm of 11P3 only at a current consumption of 0.67-mA from 1.2-V supply. It is also examined that the hybrid balun remarkably lower the total noise figure of a 2.4-GHz fully differential RF receiver only at a cost of 0.82-mW additional power dissipation.
DORMANCY OF BACTERIAL ENDOSPORES: REGULATION OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT BY DIPICOLINIC ACID (1958)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Spin Gain Transistor in Ferromagnetic Semiconductors—The Semiconductor Bloch-Equations Approach (2005)

A scheme and principle of operation of a "spin gain transistor" are proposed. A large unmagnetized current creates the carrier density sufficient for the ferromagnetic transition; a small magnetized current initiates spontaneous magnetization. Large magnetized current is then extracted. Thus, spin gain of >1000 is predicted. Collective dynamics of spins under Coulomb exchange interaction is described via semiconductor Bloch equations.
Use of a novel erbium laser in a Yucatan minipig: A study of residual thermal damage, ablation, and wound healing as a function of pulse duration† (2002)

An erbium laser with a variable macropulse pulsewidth was capable of achieving RTD of up to 80 mum. Even greater RTD depths may be obtainable with future manipulations of fluence and pulse duration.
Three-terminal resistive switching memory in a transparent vertical-configuration device (2014)

The resistive switching phenomenon has attracted much attention recently for memory applications. It describes the reversible change in the resistance of a dielectric between two non-volatile states by the application of electrical pulses. Typical resistive switching memories are two-terminal devices formed by an oxide layer placed between two metal electrodes. Here, we report on the fabrication and operation of a three-terminal resistive switching memory that works as a reconfigurable logic component and offers an increased logic density on chip. The three-terminal memory device we present is transparent and could be further incorporated in transparent computing electronic technologies.
Experiments and investigations for the personal high performance computing (PHPC) built on top of the 64-bit processing and clustering systems (2006)

The motivation and objective for this paper is to demonstrate "personal high performance computing (PHPC)", which requires only a smaller number of computers, resources and space in the secure wireless home networking (WHN) environment. The PHPC is based on a cluster of the 64-bit AMD machines, which can achieve the following: (a) reducing CPU time by 10%-50% for a single task; (b) minimizing the memory and hard-disk workload by 50%; (c) running 64-bit software applications successfully; (d) receiving up to 60% better performance in multi-tasking performance; (e) executing fast, robust and accurate calculations, visualization and server-side applications on 32-bit and 64-bit Windows and Linux; (f) ensuring a secure working environment (g) storing a massive amount of data (12 TB, or 12,000 GB) for database and server applications; and (h) successfully integrating with other emerging technologies such as LAN/wireless networks and entertainment systems
Synthesis and Triple‐Helix‐Stabilization Properties of Branched Oligonucleotides Carrying 8‐Aminoadenine Moieties (2004)

Abstract The synthesis of several branched oligonucleotides, i.e. , of the parallel hairpins 5 – 8 and the Y‐shaped 9 is described, together with their use in the formation of pyrimidine⋅pyrimidine⋅purine triple helices. Special attention was paid to the optimization of the assembly of the second strand from asymmetric branching molecules. The presence of 8‐aminoadenine moieties in the Watson  Crick purine strand and 2′‐ O ‐methyl‐RNA in the Hoogsteen pyrimidine strand produced strong stabilization of the triplex.
Diagnostik und Therapie der chronischen pulmonalen Hypertonie (2006)

Lungen/Herz-Lungentransplantation 6.2.2.
Shape space exploration of constrained meshes (2011)

We present a general computational framework to locally characterize any shape space of meshes implicitly prescribed by a collection of non-linear constraints. We computationally access such manifolds, typically of high dimension and co-dimension, through first and second order approximants, namely tangent spaces and quadratically parameterized osculant surfaces. Exploration and navigation of desirable subspaces of the shape space with regard to application specific quality measures are enabled using approximants that are intrinsic to the underlying manifold and directly computable in the parameter space of the osculant surface. We demonstrate our framework on shape spaces of planar quad (PQ) meshes, where each mesh face is constrained to be (nearly) planar, and circular meshes, where each face has a circumcircle. We evaluate our framework for navigation and design exploration on a variety of inputs, while keeping context specific properties such as fairness, proximity to a reference surface, etc.
Formal transfers of hydride from carbon–hydrogen bonds. Attempted generation of H<sub>2</sub> by intramolecular protonolyses of the activated carbon–hydrogen bonds of dihydrobenzimidazoles (1996)

Protonolyses of carbon–hydrogen bonds can occur under suitable conditions to produce carbocations and H 2 . In an effort to accelerate these fundamental reactions, we have attempted to make them intramolecular by devising compounds in which carbon–hydrogen bonds designed to be particularly good formal donors of hydride are held in close proximity to acidic sites. Dihydrobenzimidazoles 4 and 11 are compounds of this type, since the carbon–hydrogen bonds at C2 are activated as formal donors of hydride by adjacent lone pairs in a dihydroaromatic ring, and acidic anilinium and carboxylic acid groups are held nearby. Unfortunately, this proximity does not lead to the formation of H 2 by protonolysis; instead, other reactions intervene when compounds 4 and 11 are subjected to pyrolysis. Key words: intramolecular protonolysis of carbon–hydrogen bonds, formal donors of hydride, generation of H 2 , dihydrobenzimidazoles.
Three-dimensional bioluminescence tomography with model-based reconstruction (2004)

A model-based image reconstruction method, bioluminescence tomography (BLT), is described. BLT has the potential to spatially resolve bioluminescence associated with gene expression in vivo, thus, offering a tomographic molecular imaging method. The three-dimensional spatial map of reporter genes is recovered using a diffusion equation model-based, finite element reconstruction algorithm. The imaging method is demonstrated using both numerical simulations and phantom experiments.
Solvent Effects on the Photodimerization of Coumarin<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent Effects on the Photodimerization of Coumarin1H. Morrison, H. Curtis, and T. McDowellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 23, 5415–5419Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00975a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00975a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views840Altmetric-Citations102LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic hypertext link generation based on conceptual graphs (2002)

An efficient way of automatic link generation for a high quality hypertext is described in this article. The syntactic information is not enough to select the correct destination node for a button in a hypertext. The information besides syntactic information such as semantic information and even background knowledge are indispensable. In order to utilize the information, a partner concept table is used along with the ideas of canonical graph and conformity relation in conceptual graph theory. A conceptual graph representation form called U-Form is presented here for efficient processing of conceptual graphs in a machine.