gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
USE OF RELAXIN IN TREATMENT OF THREATENED PREMATURE LABOR (1955)

SINCE the discovery of the hormone, relaxin, by Hisaw in 1926 (1) as a result of its ability to cause pelvic relaxation of the estrogen-primed guinea pig, numerous reports of the effect of this substance in animal experimentation have appeared in the literature (2, 3, 4). Species differences in its action have been observed (5–9), however, and consequently, it is difficult to deduce from animal experimentation what its possible effect might be in the human being. Relaxin has been recovered from human pregnancy serum in the first trimester, as reported by Abramson et al. (10, 11). Recently Zarrow (12) has found relaxin in human serum throughout pregnancy. The function of this hormone in the human female remains to be defined. Some degree of relaxation of the pelvic joints is accepted as one of the changes in normal pregnancy (13). Sawyer et al. (14) have demonstrated complete inhibition of spontaneous contractions of rat uteri with relaxin in vitro, using extremely small doses. Whether relaxin has the property to restrain contractility of the human myometrium and thereby influence uterine motility in human pregnancy or to cause anatomic alterations of the uterus in vivo remains to be established.
Parameterized Feasible Boundaries in Gradient Vector Fields (1996)

Segmentation of (noisy) images containing a complex ensemble of objects is difficult to achieve on the basis of local image information only. It is advantageous to attack the problem of object boundary extraction by a model-based segmentation procedure. Segmentation is achieved by tuning the parameters of the geometrical model in such a way that the boundary template locates and describes the object in the image in an optimal way. The optimality of the solution is based on an objective function taking into account image information as well as the shape of the template. Objective functions in literature are mainly based on the gradient magnitude and a measure describing the smoothness of the template. In this contribution, we propose a new image objective function based on directional gradient information derived from Gaussian smoothed derivatives of the image data. The proposed method is designed to accurately locate an object boundary even in the case of a conflicting object positioned close to the object of interest. We further introduce a new smoothness objective to ensure the physical feasibility of the contour. The method is evaluated on artificial data. Results on real medical images show that the method is very effective in accurately locating object boundaries in very complex images.
Transient optimization of drive control strategy for pure electric passenger car (2011)

Use a pure electric passenger car as a research object, design drive control strategy in three modes for different driving conditions and provide motor target torque. To solve the affect of the change of SOC in actual motor output torque, use a penalty function to instantaneously optimize the target torque. Vehicle controller can get the target torque and the correct torque at different motor speed, different accelerator pedal opening and different SOC in look-up way. Create vehicle models and do simulations, then do road tests for the pure electric passenger car. It can be proved that the drive control strategy is practical and effective.
EFFECTS OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN HUMANS (1989)

In experimental animals, exposure to UV-B radiation produces selective alterations of immune function which are mainly in the form of suppression of normal immune responses. This immune suppression is important in the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer, may influence the development and course of infectious disease and possibly protects against autoimmune reactions. The evidence that this form of immune suppression occurs in humans is less compelling and very incomplete. The wavelengths of radiation most affected by a depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer are those known to be most immunosuppressive in animals and it is likely that such depletion will increase any suppressive effect of sunlight on immunity in humans. In addition to establishing whether or not UV-B radiation can cause suppression of immune function in humans, studies are required to determine if melanin can provide protection against such suppression, the role of this suppression in the pathogenesis of skin cancer, the development of infectious disease and vaccine effectiveness, and the capacity for humans to develop adaptive, protective mechanisms which may limit damage from continued exposure to UV-B radiation.
Genome-wide analysis of auxin transport genes identifies the hormone responsive patterns associated with leafy head formation in Chinese cabbage (2017)

Auxin resistant 1/like aux1 (AUX/LAX), pin-formed (PIN) and ATP binding cassette subfamily B (ABCB/MDR/PGP) are three families of auxin transport genes. The development-related functions of the influx and efflux carriers have been well studied and characterized in model plants. However, there is scant information regarding the functions of auxin genes in Chinese cabbage and the responses of exogenous polar auxin transport inhibitors (PATIs). We conducted a whole-genome annotation and a bioinformatics analysis of BrAUX/LAX, BrPIN, and BrPGP genes in Chinese cabbage. By analyzing the expression patterns at several developmental stages in the formation of heading leaves, we found that most auxin-associate genes were expressed throughout the entire process of leafy head formation, suggesting that these genes played important roles in the development of heads. UPLC was used to detect the distinct and uneven distribution of auxin in various segments of the leafy head and in response to PATI treatment, indicated that the formation of the leafy head depends on polar auxin transport and the uneven distribution of auxin in leaves. This study provides new insight into auxin polar transporters and the possible roles of the BrLAX, BrPIN and BrPGP genes in leafy head formation in Chinese cabbage.
Static and dynamic behavior of a nematic liquid crystal in a magnetic field. Part II : Dynamics (1973)

The dynamics of the distortion of a well-oriented nematic liquid crystal film in a perpendicular field around the Freedericks critical field value is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The experimental thermal and optical techniques have already been used for the description of the equilibrium properties of the transition. Their use for the measurement of transition rates leads to an accurate verification of the Leslie-Ericksen hydrodynamic theory and to a demonstration of the role of back flow effects. The divergence of the characteristic time close to the critical value follows accurately the general Landau model of second order phase transitions. The value of the twist viscosity coefficient γ 1 is obtained.
Particle separation and concentration control for digital microfluidic systems (2003)

This paper proposes a concept of separation and concentration control of particles in droplets for eventual digital microfluidic systems. The concept is confirmed by facilitating electrophoresis of particles within droplets that are driven by electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) and is aimed to take advantage of the simplicity of digital operation for complex systems.
Integrated distributed feedback laser and optical amplifier (1991)

The fabrication and performance characteristics of an integrated distributed feedback (DFB) laser and optical amplifier structure are described. The structure utilizes semi-insulating Fe-doped InP layers for current confinement to the active region, electrical isolation between the two sections, and for lateral index guiding. The amplified output has a slope of 1 mW/mA of laser current with the amplifier biased at 150 mA, which is a factor of 5 larger than that for a typical laser. The laser emits near 1.55 μm, and the spectral width under modulation of the amplified output is considerably smaller than that for a DFB laser for the same on/off ratio.
Gas Storage and Transport in Devonian Shales (1989)

Summary Natural gas storage in Devonian shales occurs in part because of the adsorption of methane onto internal pore surfaces. Methane is released during production and is a significant fraction of the total gas produced. Thus, porosity, as a measure of gas storage capacity, must be supplemented with a term that will account for the condensed-phase methane. There are additional implications for gas transport in shale. These factors must be considered, for example, in the application of numerical simulators to production from shale wells.
Asymmetric Intermolecular Heck-Type Reaction of Acyclic Alkenes via Oxidative Palladium(II) Catalysis (2007)

Herein, we report an asymmetric intermolecular Heck-type reaction of acyclic alkenes by using a palladium-pyridinyl oxazoline diacetate complex under oxidative palladium(II) catalysis conditions. A premade palladium-ligand complex afforded higher enantioselectivities than a corresponding premixed palladium-ligand system, while offering enhanced asymmetric induction when compared to known intermolecular Heck-type protocols.
An enhanced power meter for SPICE2 circuit simulation (1988)

An enhancement to a technique presented by S.M. Kang (IEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.SC-21, p.889-91, Oct. 1986) for measuring average power dissipation during a SPICE circuit simulation is described. A modified power meter circuit is discussed that allows power measurement during an arbitrary interval of time, holds a constant final value at the end of the sampling interval, and improves the resolution of the technique. Simulation results comparing the modified power meter with the original power meter are presented to verify the modification. An optional modification to provide for a variable power supply voltage is also included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Seismic inversion combining rock physics and multiple-point geostatistics (2007)

Abstract A novel inversion technique combines rock physics and multiple-point geostatistics. The technique is based on the formulation of the inverse problem as an inference problem and incorporates multiple-point geostatistics and conditional rock physics to characterize previously known geologic information. The proposed implementation combines elements of sampling from conditional probabilities and elements of optimization. The technique provides multiple solutions, all consistent with the expected geology, well-log data, seismic data, and the local rock-physics transformations. A pattern-based algorithm was selected as the multiple-point geostatistics component. Rock-physics principles are incorporated at the beginning of the process, defining the links between reservoir properties (e.g., lithology, saturation) and physical quantities (e.g., compressibility, density), making it possible to predict situations not sampled by log data. Results for seismic lithofacies inversion on a synthetic test and a real data application demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposed inversion technique.
Amplification without inversion: The double-Λ scheme (1990)

We study the propagation of a bichromatic field in three-level and four-level media. In the case of a three-level medium, we consider the \ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration and demonstrate that if the upper level is not empty there is a critical value for the low-frequency coherence such that below this threshold and for intense fields, coherent bleaching occurs. This implies a sharp reduction of the field absorption and the fluorescence emission whereas above this threshold a parametric instability takes place. It corresponds to an amplification of the field that does not need a population inversion between the optical transitions. Finally we prove that the field alone cannot create a low-frequency coherence exceeding this threshold. Therefore we analyze the double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration involving a four-level medium in which the upper and lower pairs of atomic levels have a low-frequency separation while optical transitions take place between the two pairs of states. An intense bichromatic field that is resonant with one upper state and the lower levels and a weak bichromatic field resonant with the other upper state and the same two lower states are sent into the medium. We analyze the limit in which the low-frequency coherence created between the lower pair of states has a relaxation time which is large. Then there will be population trapping in the lower states leading to coherent bleaching if there is no inversion between the upper levels but there will be amplification if there is inversion between the upper levels. In this way amplification at the optical transitions without population inversion between these states is realized.
Effect of Temperature on Corrosion Behavior of Metals in Rubber Seed Oil (2013)

Nine types of metal including bonderized iron, iron, black scale, mild steel, copper, brass, aluminum, SUS 304 and SUS 316 were immersed in rubber seed oil (RSO) at 303, 318 and 328 K to investigate the corrosion behavior of the metals in this oil. Cooking palm oil (CPO) was used as a reference, which contains a lower concentration of free fatty acids (FFA) than RSO. The acid values (AV) of the RSO and CPO were 91.4 and 0.23 mg-KOH/g, respectively. The metals used in this study showed constant corrosion rates in RSO throughout the time period of the corrosion test (28 d). The following order for the corrosion rate was observed: mild steel > iron=bonderized iron = black scale > brass = copper > SUS304 = SUS316 = aluminum. SUS304, SUS316 and aluminum exhibited no substantial corrosion in RSO. The activation energy for the corrosion rate was calculated for iron, mild steel, copper and brass to be 61.4, 46.9, 29.0 and 23.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The corrosion rate of all the metals in CPO was substantially zero at 318 and 328 K.
Deep J-band imaging of high redshift QSO candidates with the Himalayan Chandra Telescope (2006)

High redshift QSOs (redshift$>$5.7) are highly important objects. If such QSOs may be found, their spectra will reveal the onset of reionization of the intergalactic medium (Gunn-Peterson trough), and provide precious insights into the re-ionization epoch in the very early universe. Here we report our pilot attempt to follow-up high redshift QSOs with the Himalayan Chandra Telescope. Deep $J$-band imaging was performed on three high redshift QSO candidates color-selected from the SDSS, using the near-infrared imager. Although none of the targets turned out to be likely high redshift QSOs, careful data reduction shows that the data reach the required depth, proving that the Himalayan Chandra Telescope is a powerful tool to follow-up high redshift QSO candidates.
Messenger visual (2010)

This paper presents a pictogram-based instant messaging service that intends to bridge the social and digital gap of people with cognitive impairments. By means of using pictograms as the communication language and by tailoring down the interface to suit pictogram-based communication requirements, the service allows users to exchange real-time messages across the Internet to communicate with their relatives and acquaintances. Through our initial evaluation procedure with a group of eleven users with different types and degrees of cognitive impairments we show that a pictogram-based instant messaging service has a great potential to improve their communicative capabilities, as well as to enable their personal and social development.
Nucleation and Early Stages of Layer-by-Layer Growth of Metal Organic Frameworks on Surfaces (2015)

High resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to resolve the evolution of crystallites of a metal organic framework (HKUST-1) grown on Au(111) using a liquid-phase layer-by-layer methodology. The nucleation and faceting of individual crystallites is followed by repeatedly imaging the same submicron region after each cycle of growth and we find that the growing surface is terminated by {111} facets leading to the formation of pyramidal nanostructures for [100] oriented crystallites, and triangular [111] islands with typical lateral dimensions of tens of nanometres. AFM images reveal that crystallites can grow by 5-10 layers in each cycle. The growth rate depends on crystallographic orientation and the morphology of the gold substrate, and we demonstrate that under these conditions the growth is nanocrystalline with a morphology determined by the minimum energy surface.
Stability Study of Simvastatin under Hydrolytic Conditions Assessed by Liquid Chromatography (2005)

In this work, a liquid chromatography stability-indicating method was developed and applied to study the hydrolytic behavior of simvastatin in different pH values and temperatures. The selected chromatographic conditions were a C18 column; acetonitrile-28 mM phosphate buffer solution, pH 4 (65 + 35) as the mobile phase; 251 degrees C column temperature; and flow rate 1 mL/min. The developed method exhibited an adequate repeatability and reproducibility (coefficient of variation 0.54 and 0.74%, respectively) and a recovery higher than 98%. Furthermore, the detection and quantification limits were 9.1 x 10(-7) and 2.8 x 10(-6) M, respectively. The degradation of simvastatin fitted to pseudo-first order kinetics. The degradation was pH dependent, being much higher at alkaline pH than at acid pH. Activation energy, kinetic rate constants (k) at different temperatures, the half life (t1/2) and the time for 10% degradation to occur (t90) values are also reported.
Adaptive Electrocardiogram Feature Extraction on Distributed Embedded Systems (2006)

Tiny embedded systems have not been an ideal outfit for high performance computing due to their constrained resources-limitations in processing power, battery life, communication bandwidth, and memory constrain the applicability of existing complex medical analysis algorithms such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis. Among various limitations, battery lifetime has been a major key technological constraint. In this paper, we address the issue of partitioning such a complex algorithm while the energy consumption due to wireless transmission is minimized. ECG analysis algorithms normally consist of preprocessing, pattern recognition, and classification. Considering the orientation of the ECG leads, we devise a technique to perform preprocessing and pattern recognition locally in small embedded systems attached to the leads. The features detected in the pattern recognition phase are considered for the classification. Ideally, if the features detected for each heartbeat reside in a single processing node, the transmission will be unnecessary. Otherwise, to perform classification, the features must be gathered on a local node and, thus, the communication is inevitable. We perform such a feature grouping by modeling the problem as a hypergraph and applying partitioning schemes which yield a significant power saving in wireless communications. Furthermore, we utilize dynamic reconfiguration by software module migration. This technique, with respect to partitioning, enhances the overall power saving in such systems. Moreover, it adaptively alters the system configuration in various environments and on different patients. We evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed techniques on MIT/BIH benchmarks and, on average, achieve 70 percent energy saving
Detection of inflammatory bowel disease by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) using an animal model (2007)

1H MRS is a sensitive tool to detect early colonic inflammation in an animal model of IBD.
Differential effects of a murine monoclonal antibody reactive with the disialylgalactosyl residue on the growth of melanoma cells and T cell activation (1996)

A murine monoclonal antibody, S2-566, was generated by immunization with a melanoma line, SK-MEL-28. Although AbS2-566 showed a similar reaction pattern with that of anti-GD3 mAbR24 in cell surface serology, it recognized a disialyl galactosyl structure not only in GD3 but in GT1a and GQ1b. The suppression of the growth of cultured melanoma cells by AbS2-566 was not obvious, in contrast with AbR24. However, the mitogenic effects of AbS2-566 on peripheral lymphocytes were observed showing similar kinetics to those of mAbR24, suggesting different signaling effects based on the different epitope structures.
DESIGN AND FIRST DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED REAL‐TIME SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR CONSTRUCTION SITES (2009)

This paper reports a feasibility study which addressed the development of a new, advanced system mainly devoted to automatic real‐time health and safety management on construction sites. The preliminary analyses and experiments described in this paper concern two of the most important functionalities which must be included in the system's final release. The first functionality consists in real‐time position‐tracking of workers involved on construction sites and the second ‐ in a software tool for the prevention of non‐authorized access to dangerous zones. This research step is part of a vaster, ongoing research project, addressing the development of a new generation of advanced construction management systems which allow real‐time monitoring and coordination of tasks, automatic health and safety management, on‐site delivery of technical information and the capture of “as‐built” documentation. This paper focuses mainly on the development of a reliable methodology for real‐time monitoring of the position of both workers and equipment in outdoor construction sites by applying Ultra Wide Band (UWB) based technologies. This positioning system was then interfaced with a software tool which performs virtual fencing of pre‐selected, dangerous areas. Guidelines for the design of the receivers’ topology will be addressed and the results of measurements recorded on a typical medium‐sized block of flats, during different phases of the construction progress will be summed up. Finally, the preliminary experimental results obtained by the virtual fencing application tool will be presented and used to plan future research objectives. Santrauka Straipsnyje aptartos naujos automatinės darbo ir saugos valdymo sistemos statybos aikštelėje kūrimo galimybės. Aprašytos preliminarios analizės ir eksperimentai – du pagrindiniai veiksniai, kurie turi būti įtraukti į galutinį sistemos variantą. Pirmasis veiksnys susijęs su statybos aikštelės darbininkų padėties realiu laiku nustatymu. Kompiuterine programa ribojamas jų patekimas į pavojingas neleistinas zonas. Šie tyrimai yra didelio besitęsiančio projekto dalis. Projektas susijęs su naujos kartos statybos valdymo sistemos kūrimu. Sistema leis kontroliuoti statybos eigą realiu laiku, užtikrinti automatinį darbų saugos valdymą, techninės informacijos ir dokumentacijos gavimą. Straipsnyje pagrindinis dėmesys sukoncentruotas į patikimos metodikos kūrimą. Taikant šią metodiką ir ultraplačiajuosčio bevielio ryšio (angl. Ultra Wide Band (UWB)) technologiją, galima bus nustatyti darbininkų ir įrangos padėtį atvirose statybos aikštelėse realiu laiku. Ši nustatymo sistema per grafinę terpę yra sujungta su programine įranga, kuri sukuria virtualų aptvarą iš anksto nurodytoms pavojingoms zonoms. Pateiktos imtuvo topologijos projektavimo rekomendacijos. Įvertinti tipinių vidutinio dydžio butų blokų užfiksuotų matavimų rezultatai skirtingais statybos etapais. Pateikti preliminarūs eksperimentiniai rezultatai, gauti įvedus virtualaus aptvėrimo koncepciją. Šie rezultatai bus panaudoti planuojant būsimų tyrimų tikslus.