gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prediction of performance and processor requirements in real-time data flow architectures (1993)

Presents a new data flow graph model for describing the real-time execution of iterative control and signal processing algorithms on multiprocessor data flow architectures. Identified by the acronym ATAMM, for Algorithm to Architecture Mapping Model, the model is important because it specifies criteria for a multiprocessor operating system to achieve predictable and reliable performance. Algorithm performance is characterized by execution time and iteration period. For a given data flow graph representation, the model facilitates calculation of greatest lower bounds for these performance measures. When sufficient processors are available, the system executes algorithms with minimum execution time and minimum iteration period, and the number of processors required is calculated. When only limited processors are available or when processors fail, performance is made to degrade gracefully and predictably. The user off-line is able to specify tradeoffs between increasing execution time or increasing iteration period. The approach to achieving predictable performance is to control the injection rate of input data and to modify the data flow graph precedence relations so that a processor is always available to execute an enabled graph node. An implementation of the ATAMM model in a four-processor architecture based on Westinghouse's VHSIC 1750A Instruction Set Processor is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The common asset services platform (2012)

Financial institutions are striving to move towards an integrated common business model. Whatever the drivers, the integrated bank model necessitates change across the firm, from how the bank packages and sells its products, to the service groups that execute and support the business, to the technology on which it all runs. With recent advances in electronic messaging standards, such as extensible business reporting language (XBRL) and ISO 20022, and commonly agreed market practices, the move towards the common asset services platform is a reality. This paper examines asset services, operations and technology as applied to several business lines and identifies functions eligible for a common processing platform, such as the Golden Copy global hub. The common asset services platform enables banks to deliver enhanced client value through improved services across all their business lines; removes technology as a barrier to business convergence on the one hand, and leverages technology as a service differentiator on the other. Sophisticated tools alongside disciplined project management are the keys to success. The implementation can be taken in phases, meaning benefits are realised with each major project milestone. While careful analysis of the requisite investment and corresponding benefits is the foundation of any good project, the consensus is forming that the common asset services platform delivers real and sustainable value to banks and clients alike.
Speaker Recognition Techniques: A Review (2018)

Speaker Recognition is the process of recognizing the speaker from the individual's speech biometrics. The voice characteristics of every speaker are different and thus can be used to construct a model. This model is later used to recognize an enrolled speaker from the list of available speakers. The paper makes an effort to discuss different speaker modeling techniques like Vector Quantization (VQ), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)., Neural Networks (NN)., etc. Also., different techniques for extraction of voice characteristics like Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) are discussed. Further, an in-depth analysis of these surveyed techniques is made to identify their advantages and limitations. The work in the field of Speaker Recognition Systems began in the 1950's and is evolving since then, it has wide applications in the fields of security, forensics., authentication etc.
Exploiting Latent Information in Recommender Systems (2012)

<p>This thesis exploits latent information in personalised recommendation, and investigates how this information can be used to improve recommender systems. The investigations span three directions: scalar rating-based collaborative filtering, distributional rating-based collaborative filtering, and distributional ratingbased hybrid filtering. In the first investigation, the thesis discovers through data analysis three problems in nearest neighbour collaborative filtering — item irrelevance, preference imbalance, and biased average — and identifies a solution: incorporating “target awareness” in the computation of user similarity and rating deviation. Two new algorithms are subsequently proposed. Quantitative experiments show that the new algorithms, especially the first one, are able to significantly improve the performance under normal situations. They do not however excel in cold-start situations due to greater demand of data. The second investigation builds upon the experimental analysis of the first investigation, and examines the use of discrete probabilistic distributional modelling throughout the recommendation process. It encompasses four ideas: 1) distributional input rating, which enables the explicit representation of noise patterns in user inputs; 2) distributional voting profile, which enables the preservation of not only shift but also spread and peaks in user’s rating habits; 3) distributional similarity, which enables the untangled and separated similarity computation of the likes and the dislikes; and 4) distributional prediction, which enables the communication of the uncertainty, granularity, and ambivalence in the recommendation results. Quantitative experiments show that this model is able to improve the effectiveness of recommendation compared to the scalar model and other published discrete probabilistic models, especially in terms of binary and list recommendation accuracy. The third investigation is based on an analysis regarding the relationship between rating, item content, item quality, and “intangibles”, and is enabled by the discrete probabilistic model proposed in the second investigation. Based on the analysis, a fundamentally different hybrid filtering structure is proposed, where the hybridisation strategy is neither linear nor sequential, but of a divide-and-conquer shape backed by probabilistic derivation. Experimental results show that it is able to outperform the standard linear and sequential hybridisation structures.</p>
The Reaction of Carbonyldiimidazole with Alcohols to Form Carbamates and<i>N-</i>Alkylimidazoles (2004)

The reactions of non-benzylic primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols with carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) afford the corresponding carbamates but not N-alkylimidazoles. For benzylic primary alcohols, formation of N-alkylimidazoles proceeds reasonably at 170 °C in several different solvents and occurs by way of the initially formed carbamate. However, under these rather forcing conditions, or even at lower reaction temperatures, elimination is a significant side reaction for benzylic secondary alcohols with β-hydrogen atoms. With one exception, reactions of six N,N-disubstituted β-aminoalcohols with CDI to form N-alkylimidazoles proceed under relatively mild conditions and may occur by way of an aziridinium intermediate.
Silica-based cationic bilayers as immunoadjuvants (2009)

Cationized silica is a biocompatible, inexpensive, easily prepared and possibly general immunoadjuvant for antigen presentation which displays higher colloid stability than alum, better performance regarding cellular immune responses and employs very low, micromolar doses of cationic and toxic synthetic lipid.
Transmission of SBC speech via 16-level QAM over mobile radio channels (2003)

The transmission of 16-kb/s subband-coded (SBC) speech via Reed-Solomon (RS) coding and 16-level QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) modulation over Rayleigh fading channels is addressed. An average locking AGC (automatic gain control) method is described which requires no side information to be transmitted. Different RS coders were used to code the SBC bits, depending on their perceptual significance and their position in the Gray-coded QAM words. Proposed schemes operating at 5.3 and 6.7 kbaud yielded near-toll-quality speech for channel signal/noise ratios in excess of 29 and 22 dB, and delays of 180 and 144 ms, respectively, for vehicular speeds of 30 and 60 mph. Results indicate that near-toll-quality speech from a relatively simple SBC codec can be transmitted over mobile radio channels within a bandwidth of 10 kHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Introduction to Part Three (2012)

This work compares two third century texts on idolatry: Tertullian's De Idolatria and the rabbinic Mishnah Avodah Zarah, against the background of modern discussions of the “parting of the ways” between Jews and Christians.
Photonic bandgap fiber bundle spectrometer (2010)

By using a photonic bandgap (PBG) fiber bundle and a monochrome CCD camera, we experimentally demonstrate an all-fiber spectrometer. A total of 100 Bragg fibers that have complementary and overlapping bandgaps are chosen to compose the fiber bundle. A monochrome CCD is then used to capture the binned image. To reconstruct the test spectrum from a single CCD image, we develop an algorithm based on pseudoinversion of the spectrometer transmission matrix. We demonstrate that the peak center wavelength can always be reconstructed within several percent of its true value regardless of the peak width or position, and that, although the widths of the individual Bragg fiber bandgaps are quite large (60-180nm), the spectroscopic system has a resolution limit of approximately 30nm. Moreover, we conclude that, by minimizing system errors, the resolution can be further improved down to several nanometers in width. Finally, we report fabrication of PBG fiber bundles containing hundreds of fibers using a two-stage drawing technique. This method constitutes a very promising approach toward industrial-strength fabrication of all-fiber spectrometers.
Building thick photoresist structures from the bottom up (2003)

Micromachining has pushed the limits of photolithography in the vertical direction. We demonstrate a new technique for producing structures in thick photoresists, with excellent contact alignment and high aspect ratios using a standard UV source. In this technique, we exposed the resist from the bottom by defining the mask as part of the substrate. By doing so, we successfully created high aspect ratio and multiple-layer structures. Additionally, the structures have a slight inward taper, a very useful feature for molding. This technique is a new way of thinking about photolithography, allowing novel structures and simplified processing.
NuMA is required for the proper completion of mitosis. (1993)

NuMA is a 236-kD intranuclear protein that during mitosis is distributed into each daughter cell by association with the pericentrosomal domain of the spindle apparatus. The NuMA polypeptide consists of globular head and tail domains separated by a discontinuous 1500 amino acid coiled-coil spacer. Expression of human NuMA lacking its globular head domain results in cells that fail to undergo cytokinesis and assemble multiple small nuclei (micronuclei) in the subsequent interphase despite the appropriate localization of the truncated NuMA to both the nucleus and spindle poles. This dominant phenotype is morphologically identical to that of the tsBN2 cell line that carries a temperature-sensitive mutation in the chromatin-binding protein RCC1. At the restrictive temperature, these cells end mitosis without completing cytokinesis followed by micronucleation in the subsequent interphase. We demonstrate that the wild-type NuMA is degraded in the latest mitotic stages in these mutant cells and that NuMA is excluded from the micronuclei that assemble post-mitotically. Elevation of NuMA levels in these mutant cells by forcing the expression of wild-type NuMA is sufficient to restore post-mitotic assembly of a single normal-sized nucleus. Expression of human NuMA lacking its globular tail domain results in NuMA that fails both to target to interphase nuclei and to bind to the mitotic spindle. In the presence of this mutant, cells transit through mitosis normally, but assemble micronuclei in each daughter cell. The sum of these findings demonstrate that NuMA function is required during mitosis for the terminal phases of chromosome separation and/or nuclear reassembly.
THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A CAD SYSTEM FOR INTERIOR DESIGN (1995)

The paper introduces the general design scheme of a CAD system for interior decoration design developed on personal computer, and discusses the keytechniques for implementation of this system. The approachs of interior decoration design posed in this paper combine the surface decoration and the layout design in 3D space and make the whole design simplied and effective. On the other hand,in order to implement them on personal computers,some algorithms in computer graphics field have been improved.
Rex: A randomized EXclusive region based scheduling scheme for mmWave WPANs with directional antenna (2010)

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) transmissions are promising technologies for high data rate (multi-Gbps) Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs). In this paper, we first introduce the concept of exclusive region (ER) to allow concurrent transmissions to explore the spatial multiplexing gain of wireless networks. Considering the unique characteristics of mmWave communications and the use of omni-directional or directional antennae, we derive the ER conditions which ensure that concurrent transmissions can always outperform serial TDMA transmissions in a mmWave WPAN. We then propose REX, a randomized ER based scheduling scheme, to decide a set of senders that can transmit simultaneously. In addition, the expected number of flows that can be scheduled for concurrent transmissions is obtained analytically. Extensive simulations are conducted to validate the analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed REX scheduling scheme. The results should provide important guidelines for future deployment of mmWave based WPANs.
Monoclonal antibodies against the voltage-sensitive Na+ channel from mammalian skeletal muscle. (1984)

A panel of 13 monoclonal antibodies against the voltage-sensitive Na+ channel of rat skeletal muscle has been characterized. Each of these antibodies reacted with the purified Na+ channel protein in a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Nine antibodies specifically immunoprecipitated the Na+ channel in a form that retained its characteristic high affinity for saxitoxin, and 11 recognized the channel in a crude mixture of solubilized membrane proteins separated on a Sepharose CL-6B column. Six antibodies specifically labeled skeletal muscle in immunofluorescence techniques. In each case, antibody was localized only to the surface membrane of the muscle fibers. Eleven antibodies produced detectable reaction on immunoblot transfers of sarcolemmal membrane proteins; each of these bound to a diffuse 160- to 200-kDa band that comigrated with the large glycoprotein subunit of the purified Na+ channel. Further studies were carried out with one of these antibodies, L/D3. In immunoblots of a glycoprotein fraction prepared from muscle that had been homogenized rapidly in a solution containing detergent, EGTA, and protease inhibitors, L/D3 recognized only a single 260-kDa band. Incubation of solubilized muscle proteins at 4 degrees C for 24 hr without EGTA prior to isolation of the glycoprotein fraction resulted in partial conversion of this 260-kDa component to a smaller component between 160 and 200 kDa that comigrated with the principal immunoreactive component of sarcolemma. Based on its immunoreactivity with monoclonal antibodies, the large subunit of the rat skeletal muscle Na+ channel appears to be approximately equal to 260 kDa in its native state but may be sensitive to proteolysis during the isolation of sarcolemmal membranes.
Low-Loss Compact Silicon Nitride Arrayed Waveguide Gratings for Photonic Integrated Circuits (2017)

We report on low-loss, low-crosstalk, and compact arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) based on a 200-nm-thick-Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3 </sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> -core platform. High-resolution fabrication processes realized four types of Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4 </sub> AWG devices: 8 channel × 200 GHz, 16 channel × 100 GHz, 16 channel × 50 GHz, and 16 channel × 25 GHz AWGs. The insertion loss values of the four devices were 1.5 dB, 1.7 dB, 1.8 dB, and 2.7 dB; the corresponding crosstalk values were –24 dB, –21 dB, –20 dB, and –13 dB; footprints were 1.8 × 0.6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 2.2 × 0.7 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 3.7 × 0.7 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and 6.8 × 0.7 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively.
Reconstructions from zero crossings in scale space (1989)

In computer vision, the one-parameter family of images obtained from the Laplacian-of-a-Gaussian-filtered version of the image, parameterized by the width of the Gaussian, has proved to be a useful data structure for the extraction of feature data. In particular, the zero crossings of this so-called scale-space data are associated with edges and have been proposed by D. Marr (1982) and others as the basis of a representation of the image data. The question arises as to whether the representation is complete and stable. The authors survey some of the studies and results related to these questions as well as several studies that attempt reconstructions based on this or related representations. They formulate a novel method for reconstruction from zero crossings in scale space that is based on minimizing equation error, and they present results showing that the reconstruction is possible but can be unstable. They further show that the method applies when gradient data along the zero crossings are included in the representation, and they demonstrate empirically that the reconstruction is then stable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design and characterization of waveguide-coupled cylindrical microring resonators in Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ (2002)

Cylindrical micro-resonators have been proposed as all-optical switch, micro-laser, add-drop filters and they open the route to large area reduction complex integrated optics devices. They have been studied in literature both theoretically and experimentally. In this paper we present preliminary results of microring resonators in Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ technology. The experimental free spectral ranges and finesses of the ring modes are compared with detailed simulations.
Strong Interactions in Multimode Random Lasers (2008)

Unlike conventional lasers, diffusive random lasers (DRLs) have no resonator to trap light and no high-Q resonances to support lasing. Because of this lack of sharp resonances, the DRL has presented a challenge to conventional laser theory. We present a theory able to treat the DRL rigorously and provide results on the lasing spectra, internal fields, and output intensities of DRLs. Typically DRLs are highly multimode lasers, emitting light at a number of wavelengths. We show that the modal interactions through the gain medium in such lasers are extremely strong and lead to a uniformly spaced frequency spectrum, in agreement with recent experimental observations.
Effect of tryptophan and its metabolites on gluconeogenesis in mammalian tissues. (1975)

In parenchymal cells from starved mice L-tryptophan is a potent inhibitor of gluconeogenesis from substrates giving rise to oxaloacetate. Quinolinate yields a different pattern of inhibition and is generally much less effective. Tryptamine, indole 3-acetaldehyde and indole 3-acetate are equally as effective as tryptophan. Tryptamine inhibition alone may be overcome by pargyline; serotonin does not prevent the inhibition due to tryptophan. In kidney slices from starved rats, however, tryptophan has no effect on gluconeogenesis. Indole 3-acetate is also relatively ineffective, but quinolinate is signficiantly more potent than in liver; at 0.1mM, glucose production from lactate is 50% inhibited. Quinolinate is less effective with citric acid cycle substrates; the pattern of inhibition is consistent with a direct action on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. There is no evidence that glutamate dehydrogenase is simultaneously inhibited.
Reduced realistic attack plan surface for identification of prioritized attack goals (2013)

Current homeland cyber security practices and techniques focus on identifying weakness, aggregating data in the hope of improving incident detection and promoting information sharing with the public. These foci emphasize a broad collection of knowledge of what could happen to minimize damage and urge the implementation of a frequently growing list of specific actions to reduce vulnerability exposures. Large-scale “big data” extraction and processing challenges ensue from the need to understand each device vulnerability within the context of every environment. Conversely, an attacker needs only to identify a single attack vector to elicit a compromise. Our paper describes 1) a more efficient approach to proactively securing devices using an Attack Plan Generator, 2) how we transform vulnerability and defect databases into attack surface representations and 3) how those representations provide a much more effective perspective into how an attacker would seek to compromise a given device.
Isolation and characterization of Brush border fragments from mosquito mesenterons (1986)

Abstract Brush border fragments were isolated from homogenates of mesenterons from the mosquito, Culex tarsalis , by a combination of Ca 2+ precipitation and differential centrifugation. These preparations were routinely enriched seven‐ to eightfold for the brush border marker enzyme, leucine aminopeptidase. Alkaline phosphatase, a putative brush border marker for both vertebrate and invertebrate brush borders, was found to be unsuitable for Cx. tarsalis. Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis coupled with histochemical enzyme detection was used to enumerate isozymic species of nonspecific esterases [3], leucine aminopeptidase [1], and alkaline phosphatase [1] in isolated brush border fragments. Leucine aminopeptidase activity was solubilized by papain digestion, suggesting an extrinsic active site for this membrane‐bound enzyme. The predominant nonspecific esterase isozyme remained membrane‐bound. Conventional staining (ie, Coomassie Blue and silver) of proteins separated by isoelectric focusing, sodium dodecylsulfate, and two‐dimensional electrophoresis indicated a simple pattern for brush border fragments, with two proteins predominating among the 11–14 routinely detected.
Upper limit of vulnerability reliably predicts the defibrillation threshold in humans. (1994)

When tested with three shocks on and before the peak of the T wave, the upper limit of vulnerability accurately predicted the defibrillation threshold in patients undergoing ICD implantation using nonthoracotomy lead systems. This method required either one or no episodes of ventricular fibrillation in most patients.