gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acoustic reflectometry: spectral analysis and the conductive hearing loss of otitis media (1996)

Measurement of the width of the spectrum of reflected sound is the basis for a new technology that shows initial promise for being able to provide objective information about the probability of conductive hearing loss caused by otitis media.
Identification of Novel Fluorochemicals in Aqueous Film-Forming Foams Used by the US Military (2012)

Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) are a vital tool to fight large hydrocarbon fires and can be used by public, commercial, and military firefighting organizations. In order to possess these superior firefighting capabilities, AFFFs contain fluorochemical surfactants, of which many of the chemical identities are listed as proprietary. Large-scale controlled (e.g., training activities) and uncontrolled releases of AFFF have resulted in contamination of groundwater. Information on the composition of AFFF formulations is needed to fully define the extent of groundwater contamination, and the first step is to fully define the fluorochemical composition of AFFFs used by the US military. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) and high resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) were combined to elucidate chemical formulas for the fluorochemicals in AFFF mixtures, and, along with patent-based information, structures were assigned. Sample collection and analysis was focused on AFFFs that have been designated as certified for US military use. Ten different fluorochemical classes were identified in the seven military-certified AFFF formulations and include anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic surfactants with perfluoroalkyl chain lengths ranging from 4 to 12. The environmental implications are discussed, and research needs are identified.
Integrating analytical hierarchy process and regression for assessing construction organizations’ performance (2016)

This study proposes a new organization performance assessment model to assist in identifying areas with potential improvements, thus leading to better performance. The model is based on the integration of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis. The goal of this research is to design a comprehensive performance assessment model through identifying and ranking a set of critical success factors (CSFs). The research findings indicate that the CSFs in construction organizations have different priorities and weights according to different functional units. Four assessment models are developed to reflect the different perspectives of four functional units in construction organizations. The validation results of the models range from 88 to 85%. The models will benefit organizations in assessing their performance according to the different individuals’ perspectives.
SISAL versus FORTRAN: a comparison using the Livermore loops (1990)

The acquisition of parallel processors in the scientific community is increasing, but the difficulties of programming parallel machines persist. Two approaches have emerged: automatic parallelizing compilers for extant languages, and new languages professed to provide simpler and cleaner parallel programming models. Unfortunately, because of their semantics most new languages have acquired a reputation for inefficiency. This paper compares the performance of SISAL, an applicative language for parallel numerical computations, and FORTRAN using the Livermore Loops. Our intent is to show that applicative programs, when compiled using a set of powerful yet simple optimization techniques, can achieve sequential execution speeds comparable to FORTRAN, and automatically utilize conventional shared memory multiprocessors.
Synergistic Anticancer Activity of Arsenic Trioxide with Erlotinib Is Based on Inhibition of EGFR-Mediated DNA Double-Strand Break Repair (2013)

Arsenic trioxide (ATO), one of the oldest remedies used in traditional medicine, was recently rediscovered as an anticancer drug and approved for treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, its activity against nonhematologic cancers is rather limited so far. Here, we show that inhibition of ATO-mediated EGF receptor (EGFR) activation can be used to potently sensitize diverse solid cancer types against ATO. Thus, combination of ATO and the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib exerted synergistic activity against multiple cancer cell lines. Subsequent analyses revealed that this effect was based on the blockade of ATO-induced EGFR phosphorylation leading to more pronounced G2-M arrest as well as enhanced and more rapid induction of apoptosis. Comparable ATO-sensitizing effects were also found with PI3K/AKT and mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors, suggesting an essential role of the EGFR-mediated downstream signaling pathway in cancer cell protection against ATO. H2AX staining and comet assay revealed that erlotinib significantly increases ATO-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) well in accordance with a role of the EGFR signaling axis in DNA damage repair. Indeed, EGFR inhibition led to downregulation of several DNA DSB repair proteins such as Rad51 and Rad50 as well as reduced phosphorylation of BRCA1. Finally, the combination treatment of ATO and erlotinib was also distinctly superior to both monotreatments against the notoriously therapy-resistant human A549 lung cancer and the orthotopic p31 mesothelioma xenograft model in vivo. In conclusion, this study suggests that combination of ATO and EGFR inhibitors is a promising therapeutic strategy against various solid tumors harboring wild-type EGFR.
Combining low-power scan testing and test data compression for system-on-a-chip (2001)

We present a novel technique to reduce both test data voluem and scan power dissipation using test data compression for system-on-a-chip testing. Power dissipation during test mode using ATPG-compacted test patterns is much higher than during functional mode. We show that Golomb coding of precomputed test sets leads to significant savings in peak and average power, without requiring either a slower scan clock or blocking logic in the scan cells. We also improve upon prior work on Golomb coding by showing that a separate cyclical scan regiter is not necessary for pattern decompression. Experimental results for the larger ISCAS 89 benchmarks show that reduced test data volume and low power scan testing can indeed be achieved in all cases.
Deficient glutamate tranport is associated with neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (1996)

The mechanisms of synapse damage in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not fully understood. Deficient functioning of glutamate transporters might be involved in synaptic pathology and neurodegeneration by failing to clear excess glutamate at the synaptic cleft. In AD, glutamate transporter activity as assessed by D-[3H]aspartate binding is decreased; however, it is not clear to what extent it is associated with the neurodegenerative process and cognitive alterations. For this purpose, levels of D- and L-[3H]aspartate binding in midfrontal cortex were correlated with synaptophysin levels, brain spectrin degradation product levels, and clinical and neuropathological indicators of AD. Compared to control brains, AD brains displayed a 34% decrease in levels of D-[3H]aspartate binding, a 30% decrease in L-[3H]aspartate binding, and a 48% loss of synaptophysin immunoreactivity. Increased levels of brain spectrin degradation products correlated with a decrease in levels of D-[3H] and L-[3H]aspartate binding, and decreased levels of synaptophysin immunoreactivity. Levels of L-[3H]aspartate binding correlated with levels of synaptophysin immunoreactivity. These results suggest that decreased glutamate transporter activity in AD is associated with increased excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration, supporting the possibility that abnormal functioning of this system might be involved in the pathogenesis of synaptic damage in AD.
Application of Linear-frequency-modulation Based Pulse Compression in Air-coupled Ultrasonic Testing (2010)

Effective signal processing technology should be used to improve signal-to-noise ratio in air-coupled ultrasonic testing,because of feeble signal and low signal-to-noise ratio.Pulse compression with non-linear frequency modulation is applied in air-coupled ultrasonic testing,based on the research of pulse compression with linear frequency modulation,some improved method are presented.Principle of non-linear frequency modulation pulse compression is introduced.The effect of frequency characteristic of transducers is analyzed,because of the particularity of ultrasonic testing process.The affecting of stimulating mode to ultrasonic signal and pulse compression to signal-to-noise ratio are researched by comparing experiment results.The imaging testing experiment of fiberglass composite sample is accomplished with air-coupled ultrasonic C-scan testing system.Experiment results indicated that the pulse compression with non-linear frequency modulation is effective to improve the effect of pulse compression,and enhance the effect of air-coupled ultrasonic testing.
Development of <i>N</i> -Substituted Hydroxylamines as Efficient Nitroxyl (HNO) Donors (2012)

Due to its inherent reactivity, nitroxyl (HNO), must be generated in situ through the use of donor compounds, but very few physiologically useful HNO donors exist. Novel N-substituted hydroxylamines with carbon-based leaving groups have been synthesized, and their structures confirmed by X-ray crystallography. These compounds generate HNO under nonenzymatic, physiological conditions, with the rate and amount of HNO released being dependent mainly on the nature of the leaving group. A barbituric acid and a pyrazolone derivative have been developed as efficient HNO donors with half-lives at pH 7.4, 37 °C of 0.7 and 9.5 min, respectively.
Endocardial cryotherapy as a novel strategy of improving myocardial perfusion in a patient with severe coronary artery disease (2003)

Patients with intractable angina pectoris due to end-stage coronary artery disease who are not amenable to conventional revascularization provide a therapeutic challenge. We describe the first published case of a young patient with intractable coronary artery disease that was successfully treated by endocardial cryotherapy.
Identifizierung sequenzselektiver Rezeptoren für Peptide mit einem freien C-Terminus (1999)

Eine kombinatorische Bibliothek von pinzettenförmigen Rezeptoren, in die eine Diamidopyridin-Einheit als spezifische Bindungsstelle für eine CO2H-Gruppe eingebaut ist (siehe Bild), wurde durchmustert, um einen sequenzspezifischen Rezeptor für ausgewählte Peptidliganden mit einem CO2H-Terminus zu identifizieren.
Style & topic language model adaptation using HMM-LDA (2006)

Adapting language models across styles and topics, such as for lecture transcription, involves combining generic style models with topic-specific content relevant to the target document. In this work, we investigate the use of the Hidden Markov Model with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (HMM-LDA) to obtain syntactic state and semantic topic assignments to word instances in the training corpus. From these context-dependent labels, we construct style and topic models that better model the target document, and extend the traditional bag-of-words topic models to n-grams. Experiments with static model interpolation yielded a perplexity and relative word error rate (WER) reduction of 7.1% and 2.1%, respectively, over an adapted trigram baseline. Adaptive interpolation of mixture components further reduced perplexity by 9.5% and WER by a modest 0.3%.
Molecular Determinants of Enterovirus 71 Viral Entry (2012)

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the major pathogens that cause hand, foot, and mouth disease outbreaks in young children in the Asia-Pacific region in recent years. Human scavenger receptor class B 2 (SCARB2) is the main cellular receptor for EV71 on target cells. The requirements of the EV71-SCARB2 interaction have not been fully characterized, and it has not been determined whether SCARB2 serves as an uncoating receptor for EV71. Here we compared the efficiency of the receptor from different species including human, horseshoe bat, mouse, and hamster and demonstrated that the residues between 144 and 151 are critical for SCARB2 binding to viral capsid protein VP1 of EV71 and seven residues from the human receptor could convert murine SCARB2, an otherwise inefficient receptor, to an efficient receptor for EV71 viral infection. We also identified that EV71 binds to SCARB2 via a canyon of VP1 around residue Gln-172. Soluble SCARB2 could convert the EV71 virions from 160 S to 135 S particles, indicating that SCARB2 is an uncoating receptor of the virus. The uncoating efficiency of SCARB2 significantly increased in an acidic environment (pH 5.6). These studies elucidated the viral capsid and receptor determinants of enterovirus 71 infection and revealed a possible target for antiviral interventions.
El nombre del expósito del s. XIX (2009)

Either nicknames non whims should be noted down in the birth certificates of illegitimate or abandoned at birth children, as they have been requistered in the certificates 164,170,187 of this book, in order hot to go against the reliebility and
accuracy of these books This is commanded by the bishop of Badajoz Archidiocese in Fregenal de la Sierra.
The names of these childen, who were beptired in the villege en the second half of the nineteen century, were investigated from this find. Most of them received the name of one of their godparents, but they were also discovered such courious details llike that these children, maybe in order not to mark them for their whole life with the surnameExposito, were bautized by the parish priest with surnames related to the litugical time or the baby physical quelities, and some cases as the name given according to the saint's day and the most courious thing of all it is a baby baptized with the name of a bullfighter of these days.
Multicollinearity and maximum entropy estimators (2001)

Multicollinearity hampers empirical econometrics. The remedies proposed to date suffer from pitfalls of their own. The ridge estimator is not generally accepted as a vital alternative to the ordinary least−squares (OLS) estimator because it depends upon unknown parameters. The generalized maximum entropy estimator depends upon subjective exogenous information. This paper presents a novel maximum entropy estimator that does not depend upon any additional information. Monte Carlo experiments show that it is not affected by any level of multicollinearity and dominates the OLS estimator uniformely. The same experiments provide evidence that it is asymptotically unbiased and its estimates are normally distributed. Quirino Paris is a professor at the University of California, Davis and a member of the Giannini Foundation. I am indebted to
Nickel, Copper and Some of their Alloys as Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide<sup>1</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNickel, Copper and Some of their Alloys as Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide1Leland E. Cratty Jr. and W. Walker RussellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 4, 767–773Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01537a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01537a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views330Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biological Control of Crown Gall of Grapevine, Rose, and Tomato by Nonpathogenic<i>Agrobacterium vitis</i>Strain VAR03-1 (2008)

A nonpathogenic strain of Agrobacterium vitis VAR03-1 was tested as a biological control agent for crown gall of grapevine (Vitis vinifera). When roots of grapevine, rose (Rose multiflora), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) were soaked in a cell suspension of antagonists before planting in soil infested with tumorigenic A. vitis, A. rhizogenes, and A. tumefaciens, respectively, treatment with VAR03-1 significantly reduced the number of plants with tumors and disease severity in the three plant species. The inhibitory effects of treatment with VAR03-1 and the nonpathogenic A. rhizogenes strain K84 on crown gall of rose and tomato were almost identical, and the inhibitory effect of VAR03-1 on grapevine was superior to that of K84. Moreover, VAR03-1 greatly controlled crown gall of grapevine due to tumorigenic A. vitis in the field. VAR03-1 established populations averaging 10(6) colony forming units (CFU)/g of root in the rhizosphere of grapevine and persisted on roots for 2 years. VAR03-1 was bacteriocinogenic, producing a halo of inhibition against those three species of Agrobacterium. This is the first report that a nonpathogenic strain, VAR03-1, can effectively control crown gall caused by tumorigenic A. vitis, A. rhizogenes, and A. tumefaciens.
QoS evaluation of JMS: an empirical approach (2004)

JMS is an API specification that defines a standard way for Java applications to access messaging services. All JMS products promise good performance and to properly support the QoS attributes specified in the standard, making it hard to choose between them. Customers who want to determine which JMS product best meets their requirements need a simple, effective and fair methodology for evaluating and comparing competing implementations. This paper presents an empirical methodology for evaluating the QoS implementation of a JMS product. We present a number of test scenarios and define metrics for measuring performance and message persistence. We then illustrate this methodology by using it to evaluate two leading JMS products. Our evaluation results show differences between these products in terms of their overall performance and the impact of various QoS attributes. The case study demonstrates that our empirical methodology is an effective and practical way to test the performance of JMS and other messaging systems.
Optimum Output Waveforms in PWM Inverters (1980)

A general method is considered for optimizing the output waveform of pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) inverters, whatever load may be supplied. It consists of the minimization of a cost function of operation of the load fed by the inverter. The mathematical tools and the numerical techniques to calculate the optimum switching patterns in the space of PWM inputs are derived using the state variable description of the dynamics of the system. Nonlinear state equations are assumed. Some examples and comparisons are included to show the features of the proposed PWM methods.
A self-organizing NARX network and its application to prediction of chaotic time series (2002)

Introduces the concept of dynamic embedding manifold (DEM), which allows the Kohonen self-organizing map (SOM) to learn dynamic, nonlinear input-output mappings. The combination of the DEM concept with the SOM results in a new modelling technique that we call vector-quantized temporal associative memory (VQTAM). We use VQTAM to propose an unsupervised neural algorithm called the self-organizing NARX (SONARX) network. The SONARX network is evaluated on the problem of modeling and prediction of three chaotic time series and compared with MLP, RBF and autoregressive (AR) models. Its is shown that SONARX exhibits similar performance when compared to MLP and RBF, while producing much better results than the AR model. The influence of the number of neurons, the memory order, the number of training epochs and the size of the training set in the final prediction error is also evaluated.
Force-induced deformations and stability of biological bonds (2006)

A deformation model of the forced-induced dissociation of biological bonds is developed. A simple illustration shows that protein deformations can change the receptor-ligand interaction linearly with applied force at small forces, either increasing or decreasing the bond stability, and that a minor external work can lead to notable changes in the interaction energy. The deformation-induced increase of bond stability is illustrated with the remarkable catch-bond phenomenon in P and L selections. Additionally, the model rationalizes the frequently seen disparity between the bond dissociation rates of many free complexes and the zero-force asymptotic rates measured by force spectroscopy.
FZD4 Marks Lateral Plate Mesoderm and Signals with NORRIN to Increase Cardiomyocyte Induction from Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Progenitors (2017)

The identification of cell surface proteins on stem cells or stem cell derivatives is a key strategy for the functional characterization, isolation, and understanding of stem cell population dynamics. Here, using an integrated mass spectrometry- and microarray-based approach, we analyzed the surface proteome and transcriptome of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) generated from the stage-specific differentiation of mouse and human pluripotent stem cells. Through bioinformatics analysis, we have identified and characterized FZD4 as a marker for lateral plate mesoderm. Additionally, we utilized FZD4, in conjunction with FLK1 and PDGFRA, to further purify CPCs and increase cardiomyocyte (CM) enrichment in both mouse and human systems. Moreover, we have shown that NORRIN presented to FZD4 further increases CM output via proliferation through the canonical WNT pathway. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a role for FZD4 in mammalian cardiac development.
Oxido-reductive functions of<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>in relation to virulence (1992)

Entamoeba histolytica can reduce nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT) in Hank's balanced salt solution to almost the same extent as in Eagle's minimal medium. Further, this reduction was stimulated only to a minor degree by glucose, pyruvate and DL-serine, substrates known to support respiratory activity (O2 uptake) in E. histolytica. However, both NADH and NADPH increased NBT reduction several-fold, the effect being greater with NADPH. A sizeable proportion of this endogenous dye-reducing capability (in Hank's solution) was associated with low-speed sediments obtainable from amoebic homogenates, which also shared the bulk of 125I labelling (when the homogenates were prepared after surface labelling with Na 125I). Conversion of the dye to formazan was strongly inhibited by -SH blocking agents, but was not influenced by rotenone and antimycin A. The activity was also inhibited by H2O2, but stimulated by catalase. Superoxide dismutase only slightly curtailed NBT reduction in intact cells, but inhibited it in homogenates in a concentration-dependent manner to a maximal extent of 33%. Almost the same degree of curtailment of this activity was induced by anaerobic conditions. Both concanavalin A (Con A) and phorbol myristate acetate stimulated the activity in intact cells, though the effect of Con A was nullified by alpha-methyl mannoside. Both NBT-reducing capability and alcohol dehydrogenase activities were higher in the more virulent IP:106 strain, and they increased with time in cultures of NIH:200 in a cholesterol-enriched environment.