gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Piko: A Design Framework for Programmable Graphics Pipelines (2014)

We present Piko, a framework for designing, optimizing, and retargeting implementations of graphics pipelines on multiple architectures. Piko programmers express a graphics pipeline by organizing the computation within each stage into spatial bins and specifying a scheduling preference for these bins. Our compiler, Pikoc, compiles this input into an optimized implementation targeted to a massively-parallel GPU or a multicore CPU. Piko manages work granularity in a programmable and flexible manner, allowing programmers to build load-balanced parallel pipeline implementations, to exploit spatial and producer-consumer locality in a pipeline implementation, and to explore tradeoffs between these considerations. We demonstrate that Piko can implement a wide range of pipelines, including rasterization, Reyes, ray tracing, rasterization/ray tracing hybrid, and deferred rendering. Piko allows us to implement efficient graphics pipelines with relative ease and to quickly explore design alternatives by modifying the spatial binning configurations and scheduling preferences for individual stages, all while delivering real-time performance that is within a factor six of state-of-the-art rendering systems.
Embossed grating lead chalcogenide distributed-feedback lasers (1992)

The successful preparation of double-heterostructure (DH) distributed-feedback (DFB) PbEuSe lasers using an embossing technique for the DFB sub-micrometer grating is reported here for the first time. The submicrometer grating was performed in (111) oriented silicon wafers by holographic exposure and argon ion milling. Using a hydrostatic press this grating was embossed into a lead chalcogenide wafer, covered by a DH structure grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Lasers made from wafers with grating periodicities of 0.678 and 0.755 μm show DFB characteristics at the corresponding emission wavenumbers around 1420 and 1590 cm−1.
Statin Use Improves Overall Survival and Time to Treatment Failure in Patients with Primary CNS Lymphoma. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 2496 Poster Board II-473 Background: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been used to treat hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia for over 20 years. Statins competitively inhibit HMG-CoA reductase thereby blocking the synthesis of mevalonate. They directly inhibit synthesis of steroid hormones and cholesterol but also indirectly inhibit prenylation and ubiqitination. As all currently marketed statins are lipophillic, with the exception of Pravachol (pravastatin), several therapeutic trials have attempted to exploit these indirect actions to treat both neoplastic (glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma) and degenerative (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's) neurologic disease. We studied the impact of incidentally prescribed statins on high-risk patients with primary central nervous system diffuse large B cell lymphoma (PCNSL). Methods: We used an IRB-approved clinicopathologic database, derived from comprehensive tumor registry data at the Massachusetts General Hospital, to identify all patients diagnosed with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) between 1991 and 2007 (n=118). We excluded pediatric patients, patients who did not receive curative treatment and patients who failed to achieve a CR with initial therapy. Automated analysis of billing and medication administration records was used to identify the administration of statins to these patients. We compared the outcome of patients who were receiving statins to controls with PCNSL who did not receive statins. We excluded patients who did not receive statins within the time interval from 6 months prior to 2 years after their PCNSL diagnosis. As only a single statin pt was less than 50 we excluded all pts below this age from the cases and controls. All patients received high dose MTX based therapy. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the date of first methotrexate. Results: Median age of statin patients was 66 yrs (range 52 – 76); median age of controls was 66 years (range 50 - 86). Nine patients were on atorvastatin, 9 were on simvastatin, 1 each were on pravastatin, rosuvastatin and fluvastatin. At a median follow-up of 47.5 months, concurrent statin therapy was associated with improved OS (62% vs. 37%)(p=0.04 Log-rank test). The median OS for all statin patients > 50 years old (n=21) was 60 months versus 37 months for all other patients > 50 years old (n=67) (p=<0.005 t-test two tailed). Conclusions: Concurrent prescription of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors is associated with improved outcome in patients with high risk PCNSL compared to controls. Prospective controlled trials will be required to validate this observation. Disclosures: Hochberg: Amgen: Speakers Bureau; Biogen-Idec: Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Speakers Bureau; Enzon: Speakers Bureau.
Cable fault location in a DC microgrid using current injection technique (2016)

The idea of accurate fault location in distribution system expedites maintenance process, quick restoration and shorten the power outage duration. In DC microgrid, an existing fault location technique that assumes the natural frequency of the system is equal to damped resonant frequency of probe current supplied by probe power unit(PPU) evidences significant error in calculation of fault location. To estimate all possible location of line fault in low voltage DC microgrids, a portable current injection kit (CIK) is proposed in this paper. Calculating attenuation and damping frequency of the injected current the fault distance is obtained. The validity of the proposed method is tested considering high fault resistance, different fault types and radial and looped network topologies. Using MATLAB, the performance studies of the proposed fault location algorithm have been carried out through detailed simulations and more accuracy is evidenced.
Chloramphenicol-resistant Salmonella typhi in Saigon (1975)

Chloramphenicol-resistant<i>Salmonella typhi</i>was detected in Saigon in September 1971. Subsequently, 163 strains of<i>S typhi</i>were isolated, 46% of which were resistant to choramphenicol by the agar-disk method. Sixty-two strains were studied by the broth-dilution method; 37% had minimal inhibitory concentrations for chloramphenicol greater than 250μg/ml, but all strains were susceptible to 0.4μg/ml of ampicillin and to a disk of a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Persons infected with chloramphenicol-resistant strains of<i>S typhi</i>responded poorly to chloramphenicol alone, but ampicillin or the combination drug was effective. (<i>JAMA</i>231:162-166, 1975)
The Parallel Decision Feedback and Feedforward Equalizer (1983)

We illustrate a new type of nonlinear equalizer, obtained by placing a decision feedback equalizer and a decision feedforward equalizer in parallel. This type of equalizer, called a "parallel decision feedback and feedforward equalizer" or, briefly, a "composite equalizer," is characterized by substantially reduced error propagation if the eye diagram is open at the input of the decision device of the decision feedback equalizer and of the first decision device of the decision feedforward equalizer. The composite equalizer may be conveniently built up using a single decision device in the decision feedforward equalizer.
Nonoxidative Mechanism for Development of <i>Trans</i> -2-Nonenal in Beer (1999)

Oxidation is usually recognized as the major cause of development of a stale flavor in beer. However, no significant difference in trans-2-nonenal concentration has been observed between oxygen-receiving and oxygen-free beers after aging. Moreover, 18O2 was not incorporated into the carbonyl fraction, indicating that the cardboard flavor in beer is not due to lipid oxidation in the bottle. As shown by adding deuterated nonenol to the pitching wort, nonenal oxidation and sulfitic adduct degradation were also inefficient pathways of trans-2-nonenal synthesis. On the other hand, wort nonenal linked to amino acids and proteins revealed to be able to release nonenal at the beer pH. The measured nonenal potential proved a good indicator of beer staling; therefore, UV spectroscopy was used to find which experimental conditions destabilize trans-2-nonenal precursors in wort. Laboratory-scale experiments confirmed that SO2 can reduce both lipid autooxidation and the nonenal potential rise while the wort is boiling.
The Influence of Syntax Highlighting on Scanning and Reading Behaviour for Source Code (2016)

The digital market, including electronic books, has grown substantially over the past few years. The abundance of information may be particularly useful within academic fields. However, certain disciplines, such as computer science, may require additional considerations regarding formatting for electronic text books. This study investigated the influence of syntax highlighting on reading source code snippets, as it pertains to the two distinctive phases present when reading code. Participants were presented with a code snippet in either black-and-white or using standard syntax highlighting. Fixation timelines indicated that the distinctive phases exhibited when programmers read an unfamiliar code snippet, were present regardless of the presentation of the code. Furthermore, neither the fixation durations nor the number of fixations were significantly influenced by the presence (or absence) of syntax highlighting. Additionally, paired tests indicated that the reading behaviour of participants did not differ between the scanning and the reading phase, signifying that the cognitive load is not significantly different between phases. It can therefore be concluded that the lack of syntax highlighting does not adversely affect the reading behaviour present in the phases of code reading.
Advanced UV Examination of Wastewater (1996)

Abstract UV examination is a simple technique for the quality control of wastewater, which is complementary to classical parameters (TOC, BOD5, COD, TSS, …). A discussion of the significance of UV absorption shows some limitations for its use. However, it is probably one of the most relevant methods for the study of wastewater quality as it can be illustrated with the results of a new deconvolution method, based on the deterministic choice of UV reference spectra. The deterministic deconvolution of UV spectra of wastewater yields qualitative and quantitative results. Probably the most interesting results are the estimations of the classical non-specific parameters or the determination of specific ions such as nitrate. The method can easily be used for the control of wastewater treatment plants or for monitoring the quality of surface water. Keywords: UV spectrophotometrywater analysiswastewatertreatment plant
MVGL Analyser for Multi-classifier Based Spam Filtering System (2009)

In the last decade, the rapid growth of the Internet and email, there has been a dramatic growth in spam. Spam is commonly defined as unsolicited email messages and protecting email from the infiltration of spam is an important research issue. Classifications algorithms have been successfully used to filter spam, but with a certain amount of false positive trade-offs, which is unacceptable to users sometimes. This paper presents an approach to overcome the burden of GL (grey list) analyzer as further refinements to our multi-classifier based classification model (Islam, M. and W. Zhou 2007). In this approach, we introduce a ldquomajority voting grey list (MVGL)rdquo analyzing technique which will analyze the generated GL emails by using the majority voting (MV) algorithm. We have presented two different variations of the MV system, one is simple MV (SMV) and other is the ranked MV (RMV). Our empirical evidence proofs the improvements of this approach compared to the existing GL analyzer of multi-classifier based spam filtering process.
Lexicon design using a paradigmatic approach (1992)

The paper describes models for representation and method to handle lexicographic structures supplied by the MORPHO-2 system It was built to manage monolingual lexicons and to incorporate lexical processing.
Photographing for On-line Mobile Panoramas (2008)

This paper proposes the automatic and semiautomatic photographing methods that take multiple images for producing a panoramic image. While a semi-automatic photographing method uses a guided interface, an automatic method uses motion tracking information. These methods are applied on a commercially available mobile device.
Comparative analyses of proteins extracted by hot saline or released spontaneously into outer membrane blebs from field strains of Brucella ovis and Brucella melitensis (1989)

Sheep infected with Brucella ovis produce antibody responses to the rough lipopolysaccharide and to proteins present in hot saline (HS) extracts of B. ovis (J. I. Riezu-Boj, I. Moriyón, J. M. Blasco, C. M. Marín, and R. Díaz, J. Clin. Microbiol. 23:938-942, 1986). The distribution and antigenic relatedness of proteins in HS extracts and in outer membrane blebs were established by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting for 41 strains of B. ovis and 26 strains of Brucella melitensis of diverse geographic origin. Five major groups of proteins were identified in HS extracts of B. ovis that had been freed of rough lipopolysaccharide: proteins of 43 kilodaltons (kDa), group A (25.5 to 32.0 kDa), group B (21.5 to 22.5 kDa); group C (18.0 to 19.5 kDa), and group D (13.0 to 15.5 kDa). Group A, B, C, and D proteins were also present in blebs. The profiles of proteins in HS extracts or blebs from strains of both Brucella species were very similar. Cross-reactions were demonstrated among HS extracts and blebs of all strains tested in immunoblots performed with an antiserum against the HS extract of a reference strain of B. ovis. Evidence was also provided of an antigenic relationship between group 3 proteins of the outer membrane and some of the proteins in groups A, B, and C. The conservation of these antigens and their immunogenicity in infected animals provide promise that they may serve as components of an effective subcellular vaccine for ovine brucellosis.
Innovation ultra thin packaging for RF-MEMS devices (2004)

In this paper, we report a novel RF-MEMS packaging technology with lightweight, small size, and short electric path length. To achieve this goal, we used the ultra thin silicon substrate as a packaging substrate. The via holes for vertical feed-through were fabricated on the thin silicon wafer by wet chemical processing. Then, via holes were filled and micro-bumps were fabricated by electroplating. To make up hermetic sealing, metal bonding (Au/Sn-Au) was used in the sealing line. Bonding strength after dipping in the water was about 60Mpa and there was no change. The packaged RF device has a reflection loss under -19 [dB] and a insertion loss of -0.54/spl sim/-0.67 [dB]. These measurements show that we could package the RF device without loss and interference by using the vertical feed-through. Specially, with the ultra thin silicon wafer we can realize of a device package that has low-cost, lightweight and small size. Also, we can extend a 3-D packaging structure by stacking assembled thin packages.
Immunolocalization of IL-17A, IL-17B, and Their Receptors in Chondrocytes During Fracture Healing (2007)

Fracture healing in long bones is a sequential multistep cascade of hemostasis, transient inflammation, chemotaxis of progenitor cells, mitosis, differentiation of cartilage, and replacement with bone. This multistep cascade is orchestrated by cytokines and morphogens. Members of the interleukin (IL)-17 family, including IL-17B, have been identified in cartilage, but their expression during fracture healing is unknown. In this study, we determined the immunolocalization of cytokines IL-17A and IL-17B, along with the IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) and IL-17 receptor-like protein (IL-17RL), during the sequence of fracture repair in a standard model. The results were extended to developmental changes in the epiphyseal growth plate of long bones. Members of the IL-17 family were localized in chondrocytes in the fracture callus. Moreover, we found significant parallels to the localization of these cytokines and their receptors in chondrocytes during an endochondral differentiation program in the epiphyseal growth plate.
Detection of Adriamycin-DNA Adducts by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (2009)

There have been many attempts in the past to determine whether significant levels of Adriamycin-DNA adducts form in cells and contribute to the anticancer activity of this agent. Supraclincal drug levels have been required to study drug-DNA adducts because of the lack of sensitivity associated with many of the techniques employed, including liquid scintillation counting of radiolabeled drug. The use of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has provided the first direct evidence of Adriamycin-DNA adduct formation in cells at clinically relevant Adriamycin concentrations. The exceedingly sensitive nature of AMS has enabled over three orders of magnitude increased sensitivity of Adriamycin-DNA adduct detection (compared to liquid scintillation counting) and has revealed adduct formation within an hour of drug treatment. The rigorous protocol required for this approach, together with many notes on the precautions and procedures required in order to ensure that absolute levels of Adriamycin-DNA adducts can be determined with good reproducibility, is outlined in this chapter.
Different Vocal Parameters Predict Perceptions of Dominance and Attractiveness (2010)

Low mean fundamental frequency (F(0)) in men's voices has been found to positively influence perceptions of dominance by men and attractiveness by women using standardized speech. Using natural speech obtained during an ecologically valid social interaction, we examined relationships between multiple vocal parameters and dominance and attractiveness judgments. Male voices from an unscripted dating game were judged by men for physical and social dominance and by women in fertile and non-fertile menstrual cycle phases for desirability in short-term and long-term relationships. Five vocal parameters were analyzed: mean F(0) (an acoustic correlate of vocal fold size), F(0) variation, intensity (loudness), utterance duration, and formant dispersion (D(f), an acoustic correlate of vocal tract length). Parallel but separate ratings of speech transcripts served as controls for content. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the independent contributions of each of the predictors. Physical dominance was predicted by low F(0) variation and physically dominant word content. Social dominance was predicted only by socially dominant word content. Ratings of attractiveness by women were predicted by low mean F(0), low D(f), high intensity, and attractive word content across cycle phase and mating context. Low D(f) was perceived as attractive by fertile-phase women only. We hypothesize that competitors and potential mates may attend more strongly to different components of men's voices because of the different types of information these vocal parameters provide.
Chromophores of allophycocyanin and R-phycocyanin (1967)

The biliprotein allophycocyanin was purified from Phormidium luridum, Anabaena variabilis and Plectonema boryanum. R-phycocyanin was purified from Rhodymenia palmata. The chromophores were cleaved from the denatured protein by methanol hydrolysis. They were purified and crystallized as the dimethyl esters. Chromatographic and absorption-spectral (visible-ultraviolet and infrared) comparisons with reference material have established phycocyanobilin as the chromophore of allophycocyanin. Phycocyanobilin and phycoerythrobilin were shown to be the chromophores of R-phycocyanin.
Interconnection via technology and wafer level package for crystal unit device (2008)

Most important technology for developing of wafer level packaging is studied in this paper. That is the process of drilling the via hole that are needed filling of conductive material for electrical connection or non-conductive material for reliability. Several kinds of drilling and filling methods of via holes for the interconnection were studied. The via formation for interconnection is based on smaller and lower cost package process. However, glass wafer which is substrate material of wafer level package for crystal unit device is difficult to make via by using novel method. The structure of wafer level crystal unit package for low cost and high performance is designed and optimized. The glass and Si wafer for package substrate and lid is chosen and considered as the structure for its mechanical and thermal strength and effective process of mass production. The interconnection via is formed through glass wafer by using sand blasting or laser drilling and Cu electro-plating method that enable the connection of the signal electrode on the quartz blank. The interconnection via process for wafer level crystal unit package with 2.0×1.6×0.45 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> size and results of electrical performance is evaluated.
Paracrine and Epigenetic Control of Trophectoderm Differentiation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells: The Role of Bone Morphogenic Protein 4 and Histone Deacetylases (2011)

Our understanding of paracrine and epigenetic control of trophectoderm (TE) differentiation is limited by available models of preimplantation human development. Simple, defined media for selective TE differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were developed, enabling mechanistic studies of early placental development. Paracrine requirements of preimplantation human development were evaluated with hESCs by measuring lineage-specific transcription factor expression levels in single cells and morphological transformation in response to selected paracrine and epigenetic modulators. Bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4) addition to feeder-free pluripotent stem cells on matrigel frequently formed CDX2-positive TE. However, BMP4 or activin A inhibition alone also produced a mix of mesoderm and extraembryonic endoderm under these conditions. Further, BMP4 failed to form TE from adherent hESC maintained in standard feeder-dependent monolayers. Given that the efficiency and selectivity of BMP4-induced TE depended on medium components, we developed a basal medium containing insulin and heparin. In this medium, BMP4 induction of TE was dose dependent and with activin A inhibition by SB431542 (SB), approached 100% of cells. This paracrine stimulation of pluripotent cells transformed colony morphology from a cuboidal to squamous epithelium quantitatively on day 3, and produced significant multinucleated syncytiotrophoblasts by day 8. Addition of trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, reduced HDAC3, histone H3K9 methylation, and slowed differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. Modulators of BMP4- or HDAC-dependent signaling might adversely influence the timing and viability of early blastocyst developed in vitro. Since blastocyst development is synchronized to uterine receptivity, epigenetic regulators of TE differentiation might adversely affect implantation in vivo.