gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stimulation of hepatic insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 and -3 gene expression by octreotide in rats (1995)

It has recently been demonstrated in various clinical experiments that native somatostatin and its long-acting analogues increase circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) within 1-2 h, independent of effects on circulating insulin or glucose levels. Using human hepatoma cells in vitro the somatostatin analogue, octreotide, has been shown to increase IGFBP-1 mRNA within 24 h indicative of a direct stimulatory effect of octreotide on IGFBP-1 synthesis. In order to ascertain whether octreotide acutely stimulates IGFBP-1 mRNA in vivo, placebo or two doses of octreotide were injected subcutaneously into three groups of rats. One hour after saline or octreotide administration, liver, kidney and serum were obtained for the measurement of IGFBPs-1 to -6 mRNA in tissue and IGFBPs and IGF-I in serum. Octreotide increased liver IGFBP-1 (562%) and IGFBP-3 (23%) mRNA expression with a concomitant rise in the circulating 30 kDa (106%) and 38-42 kDa (23%) IGFBPs. No detectable changes were seen in other liver IGFBP transcripts, other circulating IGFBPs or in any of the kidney IGFBP transcripts. Serum IGF-I increased by 37% in the animals receiving the high octreotide dose. No concomitant changes were observed in glucose or insulin levels. These data show that octreotide acutely stimulates hepatic IGFBP-1 and -3 mRNA in vivo in rats. The stimulating effect on IGFBP-3 presents a possible hitherto unknown form of regulation of IGFBP-3 whilst the effect on IGFBP-1 indicates that the stimulatory effect of octreotide on circulating IGFBP-1 described in clinical trials may be due to increased hepatic production. The present findings may be of importance in the clinical use of octreotide.
An improved tabu search for economic dispatch with multiple minima (2002)

This paper develops an improved tabu search algorithm (ITS) for economic dispatch (ED) with noncontinuous and nonsmooth cost functions. ITS employs a flexible memory system to avoid the entrapment in a local minimum and developed the ideal of "distance" to the fitness to accelerate optimization. The new approach extends simple tabu search algorithm (STS) to real valued optimization problem and applies parallelism to weaken the dependence of the convergence rate of modified tabu search algorithm (NITS) on the initial condition. Effectiveness of the method was compared with many conventional methods. Results show that the proposed algorithm can provide accurate solutions with reasonable performance and has a great potential for other applications in the power system.
Characteristics of the Inactivation of Escherichia coli by Infrared Irradiative Heating (2006)

The inactivation of Escherichia coil by infrared (IR) irradiation was quantitatively evaluated and compared to that by thermal conductive heating. After the bulk temperature of the sterile saline irradiated by IR reached a steady given temperature, the E. coil culture was inoculated and IR heating was conducted. A mullite cylinder FIR heater, of which main wavelength is 4-7 microm, was used for IR heating. The killing of the E. coil by IR heating and thermal conductive heating both followed first-order reaction kinetics, and the apparent death rate constants (k) under different conditions were obtained. At the same temperatures, pasteurization by IR heating was more effective than that by thermal conductive heating, and its effectiveness increased with a decrease in liquid layer thickness. The values of k due to IR heating were approximately 2-3 times and one order larger than those due to thermal conductive heating at the liquid layer thickness of 10 mm and 1.5 mm, respectively. The activation energy (Ea) for the killing of E. coli by IR irradiation was slightly lower than that by thermal conductive heating, indicating that there are some differences in the action mechanisms.
Loss and Flow Path Studies on Centrifugal Compressors—Part II (1970)

The flow conditions in a mixed flow rotor are investigated for a “pressure balanced” flow path design. Boundary layer arguments are applied to calculate the losses in the rotor as well as in the subsequent diffuser section. The resulting efficiency data imply a comparatively high efficiency potential for mixed flow compressors with multiple cascaded components, designed on the premise of a “pressure balanced” rotor flow path.
Anatalline and Other Methyl Jasmonate-Inducible Nicotine Alkaloids from<i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>cv. BY-2 Cell Cultures (2004)

Anatalline [2,4-di(3-pyridyl)piperidine] accumulation was shown to be induced by methyl jasmonate in Nicotiana tabacum cv. BY-2 cell cultures. Beside anatabine, anatalline represented the most abundant alkaloid, moreover, it was always present in two isomeric forms occurring always in similar concentrations. Both isomers could be completely separated by GC-MS. For structural analysis, the isolation of both isomers was performed using a semi-preparative HPLC system. The structures of anatalline [cis-2,4-di(3-pyridyl)piperidine] and its stereoisomer trans-2,4-di(3-pyridyl)piperidine were confirmed by MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectral data. The biosynthetic origin of anatalline was studied by feeding alkaloid precursors to BY-2 cell cultures.
Evaluation of the Stability of Trimethyl Phosphate as a Li–O<sub>2</sub> Battery Electrolyte via Multinuclear Solid-State NMR (2015)

Solid-state 17O NMR was used to compare the stability of two potential Li–O2 electrolytes—tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP). The TEGDME electrolyte demonstrated superior stability to the TMP electrolyte. Li2O2 and evidence of electrolyte breakdown was observed in the TEGDME cell, whereas only electrolyte breakdown products were discovered within the TMP cell. Potential decomposition pathways of TMP are proposed here that account for the formation of the discharge species observed in the 17O, 7Li, 1H, and 31P solid-state NMR of the cycled cathodes.
Enzymic hydrolysis of proteins for increased solubility (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzymic hydrolysis of proteins for increased solubilityJens Adler-NissenCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1976, 24, 6, 1090–1093Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60208a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2605Altmetric-Citations162LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (554 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Architecture-level power estimation and design experiments (2001)

Architecture-level power estimation has received more attention recently because of its efficiency. This article presents a technique used to do power analysis of processors at the architecture level. It provides cycle-by-cycle power consumption data of the architecture on the basis of the instruction/data flow stream. To characterize the power dissipation of control units, a novel hierarchical method has been developed. Using this technique, a power estimator is implemented for a commercial processor. The accuracy of the estimator is validated by comparing the power values it produces against measurements made by a gate-level power simulator for the same benchmark set. Our estimation approach is shown to provide very efficient and accurate power analysis at the architecture level. The energy models built for first-pass estimation (such as ALU, MAC unit, register files) are reusable for future architecture design modification. In this article, we demonstrate the application of the technique. Furthermore, this technique can evaluate various kinds of software to achieve hardware/software codesign for low power.
Empathy and online interpersonal trust: A fragile relationship (2004)

Abstract The rapid growth of personal email communication, instant messaging and online communities has brought attention to the important role of interpersonal trust in online communication. An empirical study was conducted focusing on the effect of empathy on online interpersonal trust in textual IM. To be more specific, the relationship between empathic accuracy, response type and online interpersonal trust was investigated. The result suggests both empathic accuracy and response type have significant influence on online interpersonal trust. The interaction between empathic accuracy and response type also significantly influences online trust. Interestingly, the results imply a relationship between daily trust attitude and online interpersonal trust. People who are more trusting in their daily life may experience more difficulty in developing trust online. There is also some evidence to suggest that different communication scenarios may have an influence on online trust. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dr. Julian Rotter for his kind help with trust scales; Dr. Jeffery Campbell for providing the experimental software; Aamir Nooruddin and Xin Li for their excellent work in data collection; and Dr. Ben Shneiderman for his insightful comments on an earlier draft.
Enhancement of encoding and retrieval functions through theta phase-specific manipulation of hippocampus (2014)

Assessing the behavioral relevance of the hippocampal theta rhythm has proven difficult, due to a shortage of experiments that selectively manipulate phase-specific information processing. Using closed-loop stimulation, we triggered inhibition of dorsal CA1 at specific phases of the endogenous theta rhythm in freely behaving mice. This intervention enhanced performance on a spatial navigation task that requires the encoding and retrieval of information related to reward location on every trial. In agreement with prior models of hippocampal function, the behavioral effects depended on both the phase of theta and the task segment at which we stimulated. Stimulation in the encoding segment enhanced performance when inhibition was triggered by the peak of theta. Conversely, stimulation in the retrieval segment enhanced performance when inhibition was triggered by the trough of theta. These results suggest that processes related to the encoding and retrieval of task-relevant information are preferentially active at distinct phases of theta.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03061.001.
Dielectric function tensor (1.5 eV to 9.0 eV), anisotropy, and band to band transitions of monoclinic <b> <i>β</i> </b>-(Al<i>x</i>Ga1–<i>x</i>)2O3 (<i>x</i> ≤ 0.21) films (2019)

A set of monoclinic β-(AlxGa1–x)2O3 films coherently grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy onto (010)-oriented β-Ga2O3 substrates for compositions x ≤ 0.21 is investigated by generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry at room temperature in the spectral range of 1.5 eV–9.0 eV. We present the composition dependence of the excitonic and band to band transition energy parameters using a previously described eigendielectric summation approach for β-Ga2O3 from the study by Mock et al. All energies shift to a shorter wavelength with the increasing Al content in accordance with the much larger fundamental band to band transition energies of Al2O3 regardless of crystal symmetry. The observed increase in the lowest band to band transition energy is in excellent agreement with recent theoretical predictions. The most important observation is that charge confinement in heterostructures will strongly depend on the growth condition due to the strongly anisotropic properties of the band to band transitions.
Caffeine Restriction as Initial Treatment for Breast Pain (1989)

The effects of methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline and theobromine) on the symptoms associated with fibrocystic breast disease were studied in 147 patients. Disease was documented by mammography, physical examination and clinical symptoms. Only those individuals with breast pain (n = 138) were included in the study. Questionnaires were presented and explained to all patients by the same nurse examiner. Patients reported their degree of caffeine consumption as either light (two cups per day or less of caffeine-containing beverages or foods), moderate (more than two cups, but less than six cups per day), or heavy (six cups per day or more of caffeine-containing products). They additionally reported breast pain as mild, moderate or severe. Past medical and family histories were reported as well as medication intake. All patients were counseled to abstain from or reduce caffeine consumption and were given a list of commonly used caffeine-containing products. The results at the end of one year indicated that compliance was high, with 113 patients (81.9 percent) reducing their caffeine intake substantially and, of those, 69 (61 percent) reporting a decrease or absence of breast pain. This study supports the findings of others in that caffeine restriction is an effective means of management of breast pain associated with fibrocystic disease.
RESEARCH STUDY OF DIFFUSION BONDING OF REFRACTORY MATERIALS, COLUMBIUM AND TANTALUM. (1967)

Abstract : The bonding of columbium and tantalum to themselves and to each other was observed under conditions of temperature, pressure, and presence of filler metal, wherein the controlling process is predominantly diffusion-controlled, as distinguished from pressure bonding, yield stress-controlled bonding, or creep-controlled bonding. For example, at 2000 psi and 419C.,--a pressure well below the yield point of the parent metals and a temperature below their recrystallization points--all three combinations of parent metals could produce good lap-bonds with aluminum foil in 1/2 hr. At the same condition no bonds were obtained without foil in two hours. Butt-bonded joints under the same conditions exhibited tensile strengths of 12,000 psi for columbium and 19,850 psi for tantalum, with relatively poor joint efficiency as noted after rupture by the relatively small fraction of available contact areas. Results were obtained well below the observed recrystallization temperatures (600C. for columbium, and 800C. for tantalum). Evidence of oxidation was correlated with interference with bonding efficiency. It is believed that stricter atmosphere control and surface cleanliness related thereto could improve the joint strength and bond efficiency, even without reference to optimization of other process parameters. (Author)
An Exploratory Study of Physiological Changes during “Chills” Induced by Music (2005)

The present study utilized an experimental method consisting of subjective and objective measures to assess physiological and psychological changes occurring during chills induced by music. Piloerection (“goosebump” formation), skin temperature; and galvanic skin response (GSR) were used to monitor peripheral nervous system changes during the response. It was hypothesized that significant changes in parameters would coincide with perceived experiences of chills when compared with other sections of music where chills were not perceived. Thirty two students (16 musicians and 16 non-musicians) were assessed while listening to music, both familiar and unfamiliar. The experiment then appeared to replicate the general experience of chills induced by music for this population. Results suggested that the experience of chills corresponded to significant changes in GSR and was associated with piloerection in some instances. No significant changes in skin temperature were evident.
Prominent Difference of Glycerolipids among Anther Walls, Pollen Grains and Leaves of Rice and Maize (1988)

Fatty acid compositions of glycerolipids of anther walls, pollen grains and leaves of rice andmaize were compared. Stearic acid amounted to about 20% and 10% of the total fatty acids inanther walls from rice and maize, respectively, whereas its content was only 1-3% in the other organs of both plants. Stearic acid existed at high levels in all lipid classes of anther walls fromrice and maize except for maize monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. Stearic acid was esterified mainlyto the C-l position of Jrt-glycerol in all lipid classes. When the fatty acid composition of lipids from rice anther walls was compared with that of rice leaves, a-linolenic acid was replaced bystearic acid in monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglyceroland phosphatidylethanolamine, and palmitic acid was replaced by stearic acid in phosphatidylcholineand phosphatidylinositol. The possibility is discussed that the high content of stearic acid in anther walls is related to the high sensitivity of anthers to chilling.
Human protein HC and its IgA complex are inhibitors of neutrophil chemotaxis. (1986)

Protein HC, a heterogeneously charged low molecular weight glycoprotein, and its IgA complex were isolated from human plasma and urine. Plasma from individuals with monoclonal IgA populations was used as starting material for the isolation of the protein HC-IgA complex to obtain homogeneous complex populations. Neither low molecular weight protein HC nor its IgA complex in the concentrations 30 and 600 mg/liter influenced the random migration of normal human neutrophils. The chemotactic response of neutrophils to endotoxin-activated serum was, however, attenuated in a dose-dependent way by both low molecular weight protein HC and protein HC-IgA complex. Concentrations of protein HC and its IgA complex producing significant inhibition of the chemotactic response were found to occur in plasma from healthy and diseased individuals as well as in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These results suggest that protein HC and its IgA complex play physiological roles in the regulation of the inflammatory response.
Learning a semantic space from user's relevance feedback for image retrieval (2003)

As current methods for content-based retrieval are incapable of capturing the semantics of images, we experiment with using spectral methods to infer a semantic space from user's relevance feedback, so that our system will gradually improve its retrieval performance through accumulated user interactions. In addition to the long-term learning process, we also model the traditional approaches to query refinement using relevance feedback as a short-term learning process. The proposed short- and long-term learning frameworks have been integrated into an image retrieval system. Experimental results on a large collection of images have shown the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed algorithms.
Osteoblast Role in Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

Alterations in osteoblast growth, differentiation and activity play a role in the pathogenesis of several rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritides, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. In fact, in these rheumatic diseases, abnormal activity of Wnt signaling, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK)-RANK ligand (RANKL)-osteoprotegerin (OPG) signaling, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) pathway and other mechanisms have been described in osteoblasts. This review article is focused on current knowledge on the role of osteoblast dysregulation occurring in rheumatic diseases.
Progresses in Nonlinear Glass Research (1991)

Nonlinearity of glass had not been remarkably large among all the available nonlinear materials. However, its superiority in optical and mechanical properties has attracted much attention for the practical application. To this goal the recent interests in this field have been shifting from the understanding of nonlinear mechanisms to the improvements of nonlinear properties.
Glycine Insertion Makes Yellow Fluorescent Protein Sensitive to Hydrostatic Pressure (2013)

Fluorescent protein-based indicators for intracellular environment conditions such as pH and ion concentrations are commonly used to study the status and dynamics of living cells. Despite being an important factor in many biological processes, the development of an indicator for the physicochemical state of water, such as pressure, viscosity and temperature, however, has been neglected. We here found a novel mutation that dramatically enhances the pressure dependency of the yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) by inserting several glycines into it. The crystal structure of the mutant showed that the tyrosine near the chromophore flipped toward the outside of the β-can structure, resulting in the entry of a few water molecules near the chromophore. In response to changes in hydrostatic pressure, a spectrum shift and an intensity change of the fluorescence were observed. By measuring the fluorescence of the YFP mutant, we succeeded in measuring the intracellular pressure change in living cell. This study shows a new strategy of design to engineer fluorescent protein indicators to sense hydrostatic pressure.
Effects of Culture Conditions on Formation and Hormone Content of Fetal Porcine Isletlike Cell Clusters (1989)

To establish methods for stimulation of the growth and differentiation of fetal endocrine pancreatic cells, a technique for the in vitro production of fetal porcine isletlike cell clusters (ICCs) was used. By varying the composition of the culture medium with different glucose concentrations and the addition to the culture medium of insulin, growth hormone (GH), amino acids, or nicotinamide, we estimated the formation of ICCs and their hormone content. High glucose content (28.0 mM) stimulated the formation of abundant ICCs that contained decreased amounts of insulin. In contrast, culture at a low (5.6-mM) glucose concentration increased the ICC insulin content but decreased the number of ICCs formed. Addition of seven times the normal amount of amino acids hampered both the formation of ICCs and their insulin content. Neither insulin nor GH supplementation of the medium influenced the ICC insulin content, but GH stimulated an abundant outgrowth of ICCs containing relatively high insulin concentrations. However, ICCs formed under these circumstances contained less than 10% of the insulin content of adult islets, and further work has to be carried out to identify factors responsible for further differentiation of the fetal porcine pancreas.
On a result in stochastic optimal control (1973)

In a recent paper an equivalence was demonstrated between a certain stochastic optimal control problem and a linear-quadratic game. In this note it is pointed out that a more general equivalence exists which has an interesting form.