gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased Ratio of Carbidopa to Levodopa in Treatment of Parkinson's Disease (1980)

A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was designed to compare two ratios of carbidopa to levodopa (10 mg of carbidopa to 100 mg of levodopa [Sinemet 10/100] and 20 mg of carbidopa to 100 mg of levodopa [Sinemet 20/100]) with levodopa (100 mg) alone. Twenty-nine male patients (46 to 78 years of age) with clinically definite idiopathic Parkinson's disease of mild to moderate severity were selected and hospitalized for the three-week period of the study. Medications being taken at time of entry were phased out during week 1. Fixed daily increments of medications were given during week 2, and adjusted during week 3 to achieve best clinical response with fewest side effects. Qualitative and quantitative examinations of neurologic function showed that upper extremity measurements of resting tremor, rigidity, and finger-tapping speed, and lower extremity measurements of foot coordination and tandem gait (both types of speed tests) showed significantly more improvement in patients receiving the 20:100 combination than in those receiving the 10:100 combination or levodopa alone. Adverse effects were similar and minimal in each of the three groups. Results indicate that increasing the amount of carbidopa from 10 to 20 mg per 100-mg dose of levodopa gives a greater therapeutic response in Parkinson's disease than does a 10:100 carbidopa-levodopa ratio or levodopa alone.
Semiautomatic Preparation of Coverglass Blood Smears Using a Centrifugal Device (1969)

Journal Article Semiautomatic Preparation of Coverglass Blood Smears Using a Centrifugal Device Get access M. Ingram, M.D., M. Ingram, M.D. Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14620 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. M. Minter, M. S., F. M. Minter, M. S. Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14620 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Morehouse, B. Morehouse Technical Assistance Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14620 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Yettewich G. Yettewich Technical Assistance Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14620 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 51, Issue 2, 1 February 1969, Pages 214–221, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/51.2.214 Published: 01 February 1969 Article history Received: 16 April 1968 Published: 01 February 1969
Spruce budworm killed balsam fir as a raw material for flakeboard and waferboard (1984)

Etude comparative des proprietes de panneaux de copeaux plats fabriques a partir de Populus tremuloides, de Abies balsamea sain et de Abies balsamea tue par le ver Choristoneura fumiferana. On definit les conditions possibles d'utilisation pour ce dernier materiau
Thalamic integrity underlies executive dysfunction in traumatic brain injury (2010)

The data provide preliminary evidence that traumatic brain injury and resulting diffuse axonal injury results in damage to the thalamic projection fibers and is of clinical relevance to cognition.
Analysis of Traffic Access Control Strategies in Integrated Service Networks (1985)

A common digital transmission facility provides service to a community of heterogeneous users generating traffic with differing intensity, message length, and bit rate. In order for this type of integrated communication system to handle its traffic demands with high efficiency and flexibility, close control of access and switching at the input node is required. We propose, analyze, and compare two different strategies for managing the access of two types of traffic, a blockable wide-band (WB) type of traffic and a queueable narrow-band (NB) type of traffic, sharing the transmission resource dynamically. The first strategy assigns preemptive priority to the WB traffic over the NB traffic, whereas the second strategy employs a wide-band to narrow-band bit rate compression mechanism. Exact analytic models are developed, and solution methods are presented and implemented. It is shown that the best combined performance is obtained when the two strategies are adaptively combined according to the offered load.
Working memory, response selection, and effortful processing in rats with medial prefrontal lesions. (1994)

This study examined the effects of lesions of the prelimbic area of the rat prefrontal cortex on acquisition and retention of nonmatching (NMTS) and matching-to-sample (MTS) tasks. Both tasks involved a reference and a working memory component, but only working memory was impaired by the lesions. A comparison of the 2 tasks revealed quantitatively similar deficits in postoperatively trained rats. In preoperatively trained rats, however, the deficits were more important in the MTS task than in the NMTS task. In addition, an effect of interference between successive trials was observed in the NMTS task but not in the MTS task. Perseverative tendencies were observed in the MTS task only. These results suggest that prefrontal lesions induce working memory deficits as a result of poor temporal encoding and increased susceptibility to interference and impair effortful processing, such as that engaged in response selection mechanisms.
Sexually transmitted diseases in the tropics (1994)

Several sexually transmitted diseases are endemic in the tropics. The morbidity and mortality from the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) alone now rival that caused by Plasmodium falciparum malaria in several African and Asian nations. The genital ulcers of chancroid and syphilis facilitate the sexual transmission of HIV. Within the last two decades, the bacteria causing chancroid and gonorrhoea throughout the world have acquired plasmids that mediate bacterial resistance to penicillins and other antibiotics. This has significantly increased the costs of treatment. There is little prospect that the prevalence of gonorrhoea, chancroid, syphilis and HIV will decrease in the tropics in the near future without a global change in sexual behaviours and practices.
A Novel SIR to Channel-Quality Indicator (CQI) Mapping Method for HSDPA System (2006)

To support very high data rate services that require higher system capacity, the high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) was proposed in the UMTS standard. One of key techniques supporting the HSDPA services is the adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) in which the modulation scheme and the coding rate are adaptively changed to match the current channel condition reported by the user equipment (UE). Therefore, the mapping between the channel quality indicator (CQI) and signal to interference ratio (SIR) is closely related to the accuracy of AMC and the performance of HSDPA. This paper proposes a novel SIR to CQI mapping method that satisfies the 3GPP requirements. In order to verify the performance of the proposed mapping method, we implemented the link-level simulator which is composed of all the physical layer blocks depicted in the 3GPP standard. With the proposed mapping method, we show that UE can report the exact channel condition and the system can yield performance exceeding the requirements in the 3GPP technical specification.
A supramolecular basis for CD45 tyrosine phosphatase regulation in sustained T cell activation (2000)

Transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatases, such as CD45, can act as both positive and negative regulators of cellular signaling. CD45 positively modulates T cell receptor (TCR) signaling by constitutively priming p56lck through the dephosphorylation of the C-terminal negative regulatory phosphotyrosine site. However, CD45 can also exert negative effects on cellular processes, including events triggered by integrin-mediated adhesion. To better understand these opposing actions of tyrosine phosphatases, the subcellular compartmentalization of CD45 was imaged by using laser scanning confocal microscopy during functional TCR signaling of live T lymphocytes. On antigen engagement, CD45 was first excluded from the central region of the interface between the T cell and the antigen-presenting surface where CD45 would inhibit integrin activation. Subsequently, CD45 was recruited back to the center of the contact to an area adjacent to the site of sustained TCR engagement. Thus, CD45 is well positioned within a supramolecular assembly in the vicinity of the engaged TCR, where CD45 would be able to maintain src-kinase activity for the duration of TCR engagement.
Modeling gas-phase nucleation in inductively coupled silane-oxygen plasmas (2002)

A detailed chemical kinetics mechanism was developed to model silicon oxide clustering during high density plasma chemical vapor deposition of SiO2 films from silane-oxygen–argon mixtures. An inductively coupled plasma reactor was modeled in a one-dimensional multicomponent two-temperature framework. Spatial distributions of species concentrations were calculated. The effects of discharge parameters and the main processes contributing to cluster formation were examined. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the dominant reactions that affect the model results.
Design and Implementation of Nested Transactions in Eden. (1987)

Early intervention services should focus on actively establishing relationships between service users and either the community mental health team or the GP in the months leading up to discharge, and ensuring that service users' expectations about access and availability of care are 'realistic'. Primary care could be better utilised, even when service users are actively engaged with early intervention services, to help ensure physical health needs are met from the start of treatment.
Discovering potent inhibitors against c-Met kinase: molecular design, organic synthesis and bioassay (2011)

The receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met is an attractive target for therapeutic treatment of cancers nowadays. The discovery of small molecule inhibitors is of special interest in the blockade of the c-Met kinase pathway. Here, we initiated our study from compound 1a, a novel inhibitor against c-Met kinase. A substructure similarity search against the SPECS database and chemical synthesis methods were performed to obtain a series of pyrazolidine-3,5-dione derivatives. Through the enzyme-based assay against c-Met kinase, 4 compounds (1c, 1e, 1m and 1o) showed potential inhibitory activity, with IC(50) values mostly less than 10 μM. Based on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and binding mode analysis, a focused combinatorial library was designed by the LD1.0 program. Taking into account ADMET properties and synthesis accessibility, seven candidate compounds (5a-g) were successfully synthesized. The activity of the most potent compounds 5b (IC(50) = 0.46 μM) was 20 fold higher than that of the lead 1a. Taken together, our findings identified the pyrazolidine-3,5-dione derivatives as potent inhibitors against c-Met kinase and demonstrated the efficiency of the strategy in the development of small molecules against c-Met kinase.
Role of the DASD storage control in an Enterprise Systems Connection environment (1992)

This paper compares the Enterprise Systems Connection Architecture™ (ESCON™), with its use of fiber optic cables, to the parallel channel architecture introduced with System/360™. It also describes many of the reasons for the introduction of ESCON. The ESCON implementation for the IBM 3990 Storage Control is described in some detail, including a description of nonsynchronous operation. The paper concludes with a discussion of some of the benefits of ESCON for 3990 installation, performance considerations, and migration considerations.
Broadband All-Digital Variable Fiber-Optic Attenuator Using Digital Micromirror Device (2007)

To the best of our knowledge, we propose the first broadband variable fiber-optic attenuator (VFOA) using a digital micromirror device (DMD). The VFOA design is based on a unique double reflection geometry structure that counters the strong spectral attenuation inherent when implementing single-mode-fiber light coupling via a pixelated blazed grating device such as a DMD. The demonstrated VFOA features ~C-band 1530- to 1560-nm broadband attenuation operation with a plusmn0.17-dB in-band variation and a 25-dB attenuation dynamic range. This high repeatability all-digital VFOA can be useful in broadband optical source controls, test instrumentation, telecommunications, signal processing, and sensor systems.
Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Ni57Nb33Zr5Co5 Metallic Glass (2017)

The Ni57Nb33Zr5Co5 metallic glass is a promising alloy for bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. It is important to know which phase forms in this alloy under different cooling rates in order to understand its influence on the thermal stability and mechanical properties. In this work, melt-spun ribbons and rod samples with 1, 2 and 3 mm diameters were prepared and their phase formation, microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and microhardness. It is found that a completely crystalline structure forms in the lower cooling rate samples (2 and 3 mm diameter rods) with the presence of the equilibrium phases Ni3(Nb,Zr) and Nb7Ni6 as primary phases or as a very fine eutectic structure, while a fully glassy structure is attained in the samples with the highest cooling rate (ribbons). For the sample with an intermediate cooling rate (1 mm diameter rod), polymorphically crystals of an unknown metastable phase with spherical morphology precipitate in the glassy matrix with virtually the same composition as the matrix. The 2 mm diameter sample exhibits higher hardness than the other samples, which is attributed to its very fine eutectic colonies.
Toward Linear Arrays of Quantum Dots via Polymer Nanofibers and Nanorods (2005)

Linear arrays of quantum dots are predicted to show localization effects for light traveling along the linear dimension quite similar to the case of the Anderson localization phenomenon known for electron transport. A basic requirement is to have stable arrays of such quantum dots at hand that might be incorporated into potential devices. To prepare such linear arrays, we dispersed ZnSe quantum dots in a polymer solution and used this solution in a first approach to electrospin polymer nanofibers from this solution using polystyrene and polylactide as polymer matrix. Nanofibers with quantum dots with dimensions ranging from several 100 nm to about 10 nm were achieved in this way. Using frame type and cylindrical rotating electrodes, an enhanced mutual orientation of these fibers was achieved. In a second approach, we used the wetting assisted template approach based on porous alumina templates to obtain parallel sets of polystyrene nanorods containing quantum dots.
Characterization of the promoter region of the basidiomycete<i>Lentinus edodes Le.ras</i>gene (1992)

An analysis of the 2.7-kb nucleotide sequence including the 5′-flanking region of the basid-iomycete Lentinus edodes Le.ras-encoding gene revealed that the promoter region contains a CAAT box, a CACCC box, two consecutive TATAAA boxes, and CT-rich sequence element, in that order, from upstream to downstream. One major and two alternative transcriptional initiation sites are located 132 nucleotides and 85 and 90 nucleotides downstream from the downstream TATAAA box, and the major site is positioned just in the CT-rich sequence.
Graph Partitioning via Parallel Submodular Approximation to Accelerate Distributed Machine Learning (2015)

Distributed computing excels at processing large scale data, but the communication cost for synchronizing the shared parameters may slow down the overall performance. Fortunately, the interactions between parameter and data in many problems are sparse, which admits efficient partition in order to reduce the communication overhead. In this paper, we formulate data placement as a graph partitioning problem. We propose a distributed partitioning algorithm. We give both theoretical guarantees and a highly efficient implementation. We also provide a highly efficient implementation of the algorithm and demonstrate its promising results on both text datasets and social networks. We show that the proposed algorithm leads to 1.6x speedup of a state-of-the-start distributed machine learning system by eliminating 90\% of the network communication.
Methodology for real‐time, multianalyte monitoring of fermentations using an <i>in‐situ</i> mid‐infrared sensor (2003)

An in-situ, mid-infrared sensor was used to monitor the major analyte concentrations involved in the cultivation of Gluconacetobacter xylinus and the production of gluconacetan, a food-grade exopolysaccharide. To predict the analyte concentrations, three different sets of standard spectra were used to develop calibration models, applying partial least-squares regression. It was possible to build a valid calibration model to predict the 700 spectra collected during the complete time course of the cultivation, using only 12 spectra collected every 10 h as standards. This model was used to reprocess the concentration profiles from 0 to 15 g/L of nine different analytes with a mean standard error of validation of 0.23 g/L. However, this calibration model was not suitable for real-time monitoring as it was probably based on non-specific spectral features, which were correlated only with the measured analyte concentrations. Valid calibration models capable of real-time monitoring could be established by supplementing the set of 12 fermentation spectra with 42 standards of measured analytes. A pulse of 5 g/L ethanol showed the robustness of the model to sudden disturbances. The prediction of the models drifted, however, toward the end of the fermentation. The most robust calibration model was finally obtained by the addition of 34 standard spectra of non-measured analytes. Although the spectra did not contain analyte-specific information, it was believed that this addition would increase the variability space of the calibration model. Therefore, an expanded calibration model containing 88 spectra was used to monitor, in real time, the concentration profiles of fructose, acetic acid, ethanol and gluconacetan and allowed standard errors of prediction of 1.11, 0.37, 0.22, and 0.79 g/L, respectively.
The Electrostatic Influence of Substituents on the Dissociation Constants of Organic Acids. I (1938)

Bjerrum's theory of the influence of substituents on dissociation constants has been extended and amplified. The molecules and ions entering into the ionization equilibria are treated as cavities of low dielectric constant, rather than as structureless regions of the same dielectric constant as the solvent. The theory gives better results than the simple Bjerrum formulation, especially for the short chain dicarboxylic acids, and in the fact that it permits a satisfactory treatment of the influence of dipolar substituents on dissociation constants.
Time Resolved X-Ray Diffraction Study of Acoustoelectrically Amplified Phonons. (1981)

X-rays diffracted by nearly perfect crystals of n-type InSb have been investigated in the presence of intense acoustoelectrically (A.E.) amplified phonons. The fact that these phonons are nearly monochromatic and have a well defined propagation and polarization direction presents an excellent opportunity to investigate the nature of x-ray photon-phonon scattering in a diffracting crystal. The Debye-Waller factor which accounts for the attenuation of diffracted x-ray intensities due to thermal phonons is reflection dependent owing to its sin (theta)/(lamda) dependence. We have performed experiments comparing the (004) and (008) anomalously transmitted intensities as a function of A.E. amplified flux. The attenuation of both reflections due to the amplified phonons was the same in direct contradiction to an expected sin (theta)/(lamda) dependence. Some possible reasons for this failure are discussed. In a Bragg reflection scattering geometry, the intense monochromatic amplified phonons give rise to satellite peaks symmetrically located about the central elastic Brag peak in a rocking profile. We report in this thesis on the first observation of satellites in a thin crystal Laue transmission geometry. We have theoretically simulated the rocking profiles with some success. The A.E. amplification process in InSb is strongly favored for {110} propagation fast transverse (FT) phonons. In earlier experiments it was found that non-{110} FT phonons were also produced during the amplification process. We have developed a time resolved x-ray counting system which, in conjunction with a spatially resolved x-ray beam and a localized, traveling A.E. phonon distribution, allow the time evolution of the amplified distribution to be followed. We report on time resolved measurements for both the symmetric Bragg and Laue geometries from which we can determine when and where non-{110} FT flux is generated and restrict the possible mechanisms for its generation.
α‐Tocopheryl succinate‐induced apoptosis in Jurkat T cells involves caspase‐3 activation, and both lysosomal and mitochondrial destabilisation (1999)

Alpha-Tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TOS), but not a-tocopherol, triggered apoptosis in Jurkat T cells. Apoptosis was induced by alpha-TOS in a time- and concentration-dependent mode, and signs of apoptosis were visible at concentrations of alpha-TOS as low as 30 microM, and within 3-5 h after addition of the ester. Employing a specific fluorogenic substrate, caspase-3 was found to be activated rapidly in response to alpha-TOS at 50 microM. We also found that Jurkat T cells challenged with alpha-TOS, when exposed to the lysosomotropic weak base acridine orange, showed decreased lysosomal uptake of the dye. This is suggestive of the involvement of lysosomal destabilisation in apoptosis of the cells. Apoptosis of Jurkat T cells induced with alpha-TOS also involved a drop in the mitochondrial membrane potential, although this phenomenon occurred after the initiation of lysosomal rupture. All apoptotic features observed with alpha-TOS were very similar to those found when cross-linking of the Fas receptor triggered apoptosis. These findings are consistent with the recent idea that vitamin E can contribute to elimination of malignant cells by the induction of apoptosis, and can be of (patho)physiological significance.
An analysis of belief propagation on the turbo decoding graph with Gaussian densities (2001)

Motivated by its success in decoding turbo codes, we provide an analysis of the belief propagation algorithm on the turbo decoding graph with Gaussian densities. In this context, we are able to show that, under certain conditions, the algorithm converges and that-somewhat surprisingly-though the density generated by belief propagation may differ significantly from the desired posterior density, the means of these two densities coincide. Since computation of posterior distributions is tractable when densities are Gaussian, use of belief propagation in such a setting may appear unwarranted. Indeed, our primary motivation for studying belief propagation in this context stems from a desire to enhance our understanding of the algorithm's dynamics in a non-Gaussian setting, and to gain insights into its excellent performance in turbo codes. Nevertheless, even when the densities are Gaussian, belief propagation may sometimes provide a more efficient alternative to traditional inference methods.