gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
OPTOMECHANICS OF LEVITATED DIELECTRIC PARTICLES (2013)

We review recent works on optomechanics of optically trapped microspheres and nanoparticles in vacuum, which provide an ideal system for studying macroscopic quantum mechanics and ultrasensitive force detection. An optically trapped particle in vacuum has an ultrahigh mechanical quality factor as it is well-isolated from the thermal environment. Its oscillation frequency can be tuned in real time by changing the power of the trapping laser. Furthermore, an optically trapped particle in vacuum may rotate freely, a unique property that does not exist in clamped mechanical oscillators. In this review, we will introduce the current status of optical trapping of dielectric particles in air and vacuum, Brownian motion of an optically trapped particle at room temperature, Feedback cooling and cavity cooling of the Brownian motion. We will also discuss about using optically trapped dielectric particles for studying macroscopic quantum mechanics and ultrasensitive force detection. Applications range from creating macroscopic Schrödinger's cat state, testing objective collapse models of quantum wavefunctions, measuring Casimir force, searching short-range non-Newtonian gravity, to detect gravitational waves.
Suppression of Intrachannel Nonlinear Effects With Alternate-Polarization Formats (2004)

We investigate using alternate-polarization (APol) on-off keying formats, in which adjacent bits have orthogonal states of polarization, to suppress intrachannel nonlinear impairments in dispersion-managed (DM) optical fiber transmission systems. Simple methods to generate the APol formats are discussed, and the transmission performance of the APol formats for both 40-Gb/s DM systems and 10-Gb/s DM-soliton systems is experimentally studied. We show that the APol formats can significantly improve the performance of 40-Gb/s DM transmission systems, while the improvement of 10-Gb/s systems is smaller.
On the regulation of K+ uniport in intact mitochondria by adenine nucleotides and nucleotide analogs. (1993)

Respiring mitochondria drive the electrophoretic uptake of K+ and other cations. In the presence of permeant acids this transport leads to mitochondrial swelling if it is not compensated by electroneutral K+/H+ exchange mediated by the K+/H+ antiporter. The mechanism of influx has yet to be established; however, evidence is accumulating that in addition to leak pathways a specific K+ channel or uniporter may be involved. We examine some of the properties of K+ uniport which are consistent with the existence of a specific ATP-regulated K+ channel. In contrast to the K+/H+ antiporter, K+ uniport shows little dependence on pH. K+ uniport is, however, very sensitive to inhibition by adenine nucleotides. The maximum percent inhibition is increased from 40 to 60% by treatment of mitochondria with N-ethylmaleimide (30 nmol/mg) which stimulates K+ uniport 3.6-fold. N-Ethylmaleimide, however, has no effect on the IC50 values which are 0.5, 2.3, and 8 microM for ADP, ATP, and AMP, respectively. GDP has no effect, while carboxyatractyloside is found to inhibit. The nucleotide analogs Cibacron blue 3GA and erythrosin B exhibit three effects on K+ uniport. Low doses partially inhibit K uniport (I50 = 0.13 microM Cibacron Blue), while higher doses stimulate (EC50 = 13 microM Cibacron Blue). Stimulation is especially apparent in N-ethylmaleimide-treated mitochondria. These analogs also antagonize inhibition by ATP. Since the EC50 values for this antagonism for these two drugs are similar, while the IC50 values for inhibition of ATP transport differ by a factor of five, we suggest that inhibition of K+ uniport by ATP is not mediated via the adenine nucleotide translocase. These data are consistent with the existence of an ATP-regulated K+ channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Colorimetric Microdetermination of Nitrogen Dioxide in Atmosphere (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric Microdetermination of Nitrogen Dioxide in AtmosphereB. E. SaltzmanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1954, 26, 12, 1949–1955Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60096a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60096a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1235Altmetric-Citations489LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
JiST: an efficient approach to simulation using virtual machines: Research Articles (2005)

Discrete event simulators are important scientific tools and their efficient design and execution is the subject of much research. In this paper, we propose a new approach for constructing simulators that leverages virtual machines and combines advantages from the traditional systems-based and language-based simulator designs. We introduce JiST, a Java-based simulation system that executes discrete event simulations both efficiently and transparently by embedding simulation semantics directly into the Java execution model. The system provides standard benefits that the modern Java runtime affords. In addition, JiST is efficient, out-performing existing highly optimized simulation runtimes. As a case study, we illustrate the practicality of the JiST framework by applying it to the construction of SWANS, a scalable wireless ad hoc network simulator. We simulate million node wireless networks, which represents two orders of magnitude increase in scale over what existing simulators can achieve on equivalent hardware and at the same level of detail. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.As of this writing, the JiST and SWANS software distributions and documentation are available online [1]
Motion pattern adapted real-time respiratory gating (1999)

The information about the current respiratory motion state used in conventional gating to accept or to reject data can further be used to obtain motion statistics during an MR scan. This can serve to monitor changes in the respiratory pattern of the patient by comparison of motion statistics subsequently obtained during scanning. Two indicators are introduced: first a parameter that registers changes of the motion pattern, and second an indicator that expresses the quality of the data set already obtained. Based on these indicators, the gating algorithm decides to change gating parameters during scanning automatically. This new approach has the potential to increase the scan efficiency considerably without the need of operator interaction and/or significant patient cooperation. The basic principle is described and illustrated for the motion-adapted gating technique, and first in vivo results are presented to underline the feasibility of this concept.
Databases for Active Rapidly Changing data Systems (ARCS): Augmenting Real-Time Databases with Temporal and Active Characteristics. (1996)

this paper we attempt to justify this position by stating a number of such problems and arguing why existing methodologies are inadequate when applied to these problems. 2 Problems with Concurrency Control in ARCS Databases
Atomic Structure and Bonding (1992)

It is necessary for the proper understanding of materials technology to have some knowledge of the underlying science and the fundamental principles that control the properties of materials. There are many thousands of materials available for use by today's engineers and, clearly, it is impossible for one person to have a full and detailed knowledge of all of them. However, as we have seen in Chapter 1, materials can be classified within several well-defined groups. There is a further common feature—all substances are composed of atoms. There is a comparatively limited number of different atomic species or chemical elements (the total number of elements, including the artificially created transuranic elements, is 103) and all these elements are composed of the same basic sub-atomic particles. The manner in which these sub-atomic particles are assembled into atoms and the ways in which the various atoms are bonded to one another in the make-up of bulk materials play a major part in determining the final properties of any material. For example, it is the different nature of the interatomic bonding in metals, as compared with polymer materials, which allows for electrical conduction in the former while making the latter dielectrics or insulators.
Optimized buffer allocation in multicore platforms (2014)

With the availability of advanced MPSoC and emerging Dynamic RAM (DRAM) interface technologies, an optimal allocation of logical data buffers to physical memory cannot be handled manually anymore due to the huge design space. An allocation does not only need to decide between an on-or off-chip memory, but also needs to take an increasing number of available memory channels, different bandwidth capacities and several routing possibilities into account. We formalize this problem and introduce a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model based on two different optimization criteria. We implement the MILP model into a retargetable tool and present a case study with representative data of the Long-Term-Evolution (LTE) standard to show the real-life applicability of our approach.
Dissociation of E-4031 from the HERG channel caused by mutations of an amino acid results in greater block at high stimulation frequency (2003)

The present results indicate that dissociation of a drug from the HERG channel results in greater block at high frequency. Although the mechanism by which the mutations cause the dissociation of E-4031 is uncertain, it is noteworthy that one methanesulfonanilide dissociates from the channel more easily than another.
Intelligent timeout master: Dynamic timeout for SDN-based data centers (2015)

Software Defined Networks (SDN) such as OpenFlow provides better network management for data center by decoupling control plane from data plane. Current OpenFlow controllers install flow rules with a fixed timeout after which the switch automatically removes the rules from its flow table. However, this fixed timeout has shown many disadvantages. For flows with short packet interval, the timeout may be too large so that flow rules stay in the flow table for too long time and result in unnecessary occupation of flow table; for flows with long packet interval or periodic flows, the timeout may be too short, hence producing too many packet-in events and causing overload on the controller. In this paper, we propose the Intelligent Timeout Master, which can assign suitable timeout to different flows according to their characteristics, as well as conduct a feedback control to adjust the max timeout value according to the current flow table occupation, in an effort to avoid flow table overflow. In our experiments, we use real traffic trace and the result confirms that our Intelligent Timeout Master performs quite well in reducing the number of packet-in events as well as flow table occupation.
Rail damage and armature parameters for different railgun rail materials (1984)

Rails made from different metals, and copper rails with different surface coatings were tested in a small calibre railgun. Electrical parameters and velocities were recorded and the rail surfaces were examined to assess damage after each firing. It is shown that some materials resist arc damage better than others and that damage mechanisms vary depending on material or coating. Some insight into railgun electrical parameters for the different materials is given.
Charts of fetal size: 2. Head measurements* (1994)

We have constructed new size charts for the fetal biparietal diameter and for head circumference, both measured directly and derived from head diameters. We have demonstrated the difference between the size charts constructed from these two sets of values and hence the importance of using the appropriately derived chart when assessing the head circumference. The differences between the new charts for biparietal diameter and head circumference and previous ones may be largely due to methodological differences.
Carrier frequency recovery for a fully digital direct-sequence spread-spectrum receiver: A comparison (2002)

A family of different structures for carrier frequency estimation and correction in fully digital direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DS/SS) receivers for M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK)-modulated signals is presented. The performance of the proposed structures is compared analytically as well as by computer simulation. Among the different estimators, feedforward structures are shown to yield near-optimum bit-error performance at moderately large carrier frequency offsets. Furthermore, the use of feedforward estimators allows the design of digital DS/SS modems showing superior acquisition behavior. The simplicity of the involved operations makes the presented structures attractive for VLSI implementation.
Hepatitis B, C Virus Infection and Anti-Tuberculosis Drug- Related Hepatitis (2017)

背景及目的：台灣由於人口老化、病毒性肝炎盛行及遺傳因素，結核病治療藥物引起肝炎的發生率高，本研究目的主要是探討B 及C 型肝炎與治療結核病過程中發生肝功能異常的關連性。方法：採回溯性世代研究，收案時段為10 年，針對痰液培養確診為肺結核者，藉由瀏覽病歷資料與影像學檢查，分析B/C 肝組與對照組之臨床、影像學表現、慢性合併症之差異，比較使用抗結核藥物治療前兩個月內發生藥物副作用之差異，之後針對肝功能惡化部分，使用多變向迴歸分析探討影響發生肝功能異常之可能因素。結果：共394 位個案被分析，包含42 位（10.7%）有B 或C 型肝炎之肺結核患者，其中B 型肝炎患者有17 位，C 型肝炎患者有20 位，同時具有B 及C 肝炎患者有5 位。分析顯示B 或C 型肝炎之肺結核患者，發生肝功能惡化之機率明顯高於對照組，尤其是C 型肝炎與其關連性最大；而B 型肝炎帶原者有較高發生視神經病變及周邊神經病變之機率，多變向迴歸分析發現C 型肝炎達到顯著相關，B 型肝炎則位於顯著相關邊緣。結論： B 及C 型肝炎病毒感染為抗結核藥物引起肝功能惡化的獨立相關因子，此類患者於治療肺結核過程必須規則追蹤肝功能，必要時給予調整治療藥物。
A new design-for-test technique for SRAM core-cell stability faults (2009)

Core-cell stability represents the ability of the core-cell to keep the stored data. With the rapid development of semiconductor memories, their test is becoming a major concern in VDSM technologies. It provides information about the SRAM design reliability, and its effectiveness is therefore mandatory for safety applications. Existing core-cell stability Design-for-Test (DfT) techniques consist in controlling the voltage levels of bit lines to apply a weak write stress on the core-cell under test. If the core-cell is weak, the weak write stress induces the faulty swap of the core-cell. However, these solutions are costly in terms of area and test application time, and generally require modifications of critical parts of the SRAM (core-cell array and/or the structure generating the internal auto-timing). In this paper, we present a new DfT technique for stability fault detection. It consists in modulating the word line activation in order to perform an adjustable weak write stress on the targeted core-cell for stability fault detection. Compared to existing DfT solutions, the proposed technique offers many advantages: programmability, low area overhead, low test application time. Moreover, it does not require any modification of critical parts of the SRAM.
<i>Bordetella</i> Type III Secretion and Adenylate Cyclase Toxin Synergize to Drive Dendritic Cells into a Semimature State (2004)

Bordetella bronchiseptica establishes persistent infection of the murine respiratory tract. We hypothesize that long-term colonization is mediated in part by bacteria-driven modulation of dendritic cells (DCs) leading to altered adaptive immune responses. Bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) from C57BL/6 mice infected with live B. bronchiseptica exhibited high surface expression of MHCII, CD86, and CD80. However, B. bronchiseptica-infected BMDCs did not exhibit significant increases in CD40 surface expression and IL-12 secretion compared with BMDCs treated with heat-killed B. bronchiseptica. The B. bronchiseptica type III secretion system (TTSS) mediated the increase in MHCII, CD86, and CD80 surface expression, while the inhibition of CD40 and IL-12 expression was mediated by adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT). IL-6 secretion was independent of the TTSS and ACT. These phenotypic changes may result from differential regulation of MAPK signaling in DCs. Wild-type B. bronchiseptica activated the ERK 1/2 signaling pathway in a TTSS-dependent manner. Additionally, ACT was found to inhibit p38 signaling. These data suggest that B. bronchiseptica drive DC into a semimature phenotype by altering MAPK signaling. These semimature DCs may induce tolerogenic immune responses that allow the persistent colonization of B. bronchiseptica in the host respiratory tract.
The AIDS threat and the private sector. (1999)

While commercial sector managers throughout southern Africa have invested considerable funds to ensure that reaching the year 2000 does not disrupt the routine functioning of their computer systems, they are failing to address the considerable damage which HIV/AIDS will likely inflict upon companies' human resources. How these managers address AIDS in the workplace will determine whether their companies survive the first decade of the 21st century. Based upon the most recently available statistics, the Metropolitan-Doyle model, developed in 1988 to produce estimates of the progression of HIV/AIDS in South Africa, projects that as of 1999, 11% of South Africa's work force is infected with HIV and an estimated 0.6% are sick with AIDS. The percentages of the country's work force projected to have HIV and to be sick due to AIDS in 2010 are 21% and 2.9%, respectively. The direct costs of AIDS will be felt through rising employee benefit and medical insurance costs, and there will also be numerous indirect costs in the workplace. Management and labor need to work together to find a proactive, holistic solution to the AIDS crisis facing South Africa. The indirect costs of HIV/AIDS to the commercial sector and the elements of a holistic solution to the AIDS problem are discussed.
Management of traumatic events: influence of emotion-centered coping strategies on the occurrence of dissociation and post-traumatic stress disorder (2011)

Our aim was to assess the influence of the coping strategies employed for the management of traumatic events on the occurrence of dissociation and traumatic disorders. We carried out a 1-year retrospective study of the cognitive management of a traumatic event in 18 subjects involved in the same road vehicle accident. The diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was made for 33.3% of the participants. The participants with a PTSD diagnosis 1 year after the event used emotion-centered strategies during the event more often than did those with no PTSD, P < 0.02. In the year after the traumatic event, our results show a strong link between the intensity of PTSD and the severity of the post-traumatic symptoms like dissociation (P = 0.032) and the use of emotion-centered strategies (P = 0.004). Moreover, the participants who presented Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire scores above 15 made greater use of emotion-centered coping strategies than did those who did not show dissociation, P < 0.04. Our results confirm that the cognitive management of traumatic events may play an essential role in the development of a state of post-traumatic stress in the aftermath of a violent event.
Nitric oxide mediates apoptosis induction selectively in transformed fibroblasts compared to nontransformed fibroblasts (2002)

Nitric oxide (NO) mediates apoptosis induction in fibroblasts with constitutive src or induced ras oncogene expression, whereas nontransformed parental cells and revertants are not affected. This direct link between the transformed phenotype and sensitivity to NO-mediated apoptosis induction seems to be based on the recently described extracellular superoxide anion generation by transformed cells, as NO-mediated apoptosis induction in transformed cells is inhibited by extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD), by SOD mimetics and by apocynin, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. Furthermore, nonresponsive nontransformed cells can be rendered sensitive for NO-mediated apoptosis induction when they are supplemented with xanthine oxidase/xanthine as an extracellular source for superoxide anions. As superoxide anions and NO readily interact in a diffusion-controlled reaction to generate peroxynitrite, peroxynitrite seems to be the responsible apoptosis inducer in NO-mediated apoptosis induction. In line with this conclusion, NO-mediated apoptosis induction in superoxide anion-generating transformed cells is inhibited by the peroxynitrite scavengers ebselen and FeTPPS. Moreover, direct application of peroxynitrite induces apoptosis both in transformed and nontransformed cells, indicating that peroxynitrite is no selective apoptosis inducer per se, but that selective apoptosis induction in transformed cells by NO is achieved through selective peroxynitrite generation. The interaction of NO with target cell derived superoxide anions represents a novel concept for selective apoptosis induction in transformed cells. This mechanism may be the basis for selective apoptosis induction by natural antitumor systems (like macrophages, natural killer cells, granulocytes) that utilize NO for antitumor action. Apoptosis induction mediated by NO involves mitochondrial depolarization and is blocked by Bcl-2 overexpression.
The Amino-Terminal Sequence of MUC5B Contains Conserved Multifunctional D Domains: Implications for Tissue-Specific Mucin Functions (1998)

The MUC5B mucin gene product is expressed in a wide variety of secretory epithelia including the gallbladder, salivary glands, trachea, and colon. Previous studies by us and others have described the C-terminal region as well as the central tandem repeating domain of this mucin. In an effort to understand the functional role of MUC5B in diverse human tissues, the sequence encoding the N-terminal region of this mucin was determined from the sequences of exons in three overlapping genomic clones. Primer extension mapped the site of transcription initiation 25 bp downstream from a putative TATA box element. The N-terminal region of MUC5B contained 1321 amino acids organized into a signal peptide, a short serine-threonine rich region, and three von Willebrand factor-like D domains. Comparison of this sequence with the N-terminal sequences of MUC2 and MUC5AC revealed a much higher degree of identity (46-59%) than that observed in the C-terminal regions of these mucins (33%). The N-terminal sequence of MUC5B also contains a number of sequence motifs common to several groups of extracellular ligand binding and adhesion proteins not previously recognized in mammalian gel-forming mucins. The N-terminal D domains in MUC5B are likely to have important roles in both mucin assembly and in the protective functions of the secreted mucin.
Alias-free, real coefficient m-band QMF banks for arbitrary m (1987)

Based on a generalized framework for alias free QMF banks, a theory is developed for the design of uniform QMF banks with real-coefficient analysis filters, such that aliasing can be completely canceled by appropriate choice of real-coefficient synthesis filters. These results are then applied for the derivation of closed-form expressions for the synthesis filters (both FIR and IIR), that ensure cancelation of aliasing for a given set of analysis filters. The results do not involve the inversion of the alias-component (AC) matrix.