gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactions between Fission Yeast Cdk9, Its Cyclin Partner Pch1, and mRNA Capping Enzyme Pct1 Suggest an Elongation Checkpoint for mRNA Quality Control (2003)

RNA polymerase II (pol II) is subject to an early elongation delay induced by negative factors Spt5/Spt4 and NELF, which is overcome by the positive factor P-TEFb (Cdk9/cyclin T), a protein kinase that phosphorylates the pol II C-terminal domain (CTD) and the transcription elongation factor Spt5. Although the rationale for this arrest and restart is unclear, recent studies suggest a connection to mRNA capping, which is coupled to transcription elongation via physical and functional interactions between the cap-forming enzymes, the CTD-PO(4), and Spt5. Here we identify a novel interaction between fission yeast RNA triphosphatase Pct1, the enzyme that initiates cap formation, and Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cdk9. The C-terminal segment of SpCdk9 comprises a Pct1-binding domain distinct from the N-terminal Cdk domain. We show that the Cdk domain interacts with S. pombe Pch1, a homolog of cyclin T, and that the purified recombinant SpCdk9/Pch1 heterodimer can phosphorylate both the pol II CTD and the C-terminal domain of S. pombe Spt5. We provide genetic evidence that SpCdk9 and Pch1 are functional orthologs of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CTD kinase Bur1/Bur2, a putative yeast P-TEFb. Mutations of the kinase active site and the regulatory T-loop of SpCdk9 abolish its activity in vivo. Deleting the C-terminal domain of SpCdk9 causes a severe growth defect. We suggest a model whereby Spt5-induced arrest of early elongation ensures a temporal window for recruitment of the capping enzymes, which in turn attract Cdk9 to alleviate the arrest. This elongation checkpoint may avoid wasteful rounds of transcription of uncapped pre-mRNAs.
Audio source separation by basis function adaptation (2011)

The problem of audio source separation from a monophonic sound mixture having known instrument types but unknown timbres is presented. An improvement to the Probabilistic Latent Component Analysis (PLCA) source separation method is proposed. The technique uses a basis function dictionary to produce a first round PLCA source separation. The PLCA weights are then refined by incorporating note onset information. The source separation is then performed using a second round PLCA in which the refined weights are held fixed, and the basis functions are updated. Preliminary experimental results on mixtures of two instruments are quite promising, showing a 6 dB improvement in SIR over standard PLCA.
BIST of interconnection lines in the pixel matrix of CMOS imagers (2013)

Interconnection lines in the sensors of CMOS imagers are used for pixel bias, addressing and readout. Catastrophic faults in these lines can cause parts of the pixel matrix to operate incorrectly and produce image defects like residual stripes and bands in images. These kinds of image defects are often difficult to remove by the image processing correction algorithm, and they are clearly visible as a sort of noise pattern. Among the defects in the pixel array, these catastrophic faults have most important influence on yield. In addition, partially degraded metal lines cannot be detected on todays' standard industrial testers for image sensors. These defects can evolve into catastrophic faults and they are the main cause of customer returns for many products. This paper proposes two built-in self-test (BIST) solutions to catch these defects in the pixel array, taking into account the industrial test constraints, namely increase of fault coverage, decrease of test time and test cost minimization.
Inhibition of gastric emptying by acarbose is correlated with GLP-1 response and accompanied by CCK release (2001)

We investigated the effect of acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase and pancreatic alpha-amylase inhibitor, on gastric emptying of solid meals of varying nutrient composition and plasma responses of gut hormones. Gastric emptying was determined with scintigraphy in healthy subjects, and all studies were performed with and without 100 mg of acarbose, in random order, at least 1 wk apart. Acarbose did not alter the emptying of a carbohydrate-free meal, but it delayed emptying of a mixed meal and a carbohydrate-free meal given 2 h after sucrose ingestion. In meal groups with carbohydrates, acarbose attenuated responses of plasma insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) while augmenting responses of CCK, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY (PYY). With mixed meal + acarbose, area under the curve (AUC) of gastric emptying was positively correlated with integrated plasma response of GLP-1 (r = 0.68, P < 0.02). With the carbohydrate-free meal after sucrose and acarbose ingestion, AUC of gastric emptying was negatively correlated with integrated plasma response of GIP, implying that prior alteration of carbohydrate absorption modifies gastric emptying of a meal. The results demonstrate that acarbose delays gastric emptying of solid meals and augments release of CCK, GLP-1, and PYY mainly by retarding/inhibiting carbohydrate absorption. Augmented GLP-1 release by acarbose appears to play a major role in the inhibition of gastric emptying of a mixed meal, whereas CCK and PYY may have contributory roles.
Comparison of Fondaparinux and Enoxaparin in Acute Coronary Syndromes (2006)

Fondaparinux is similar to enoxaparin in reducing the risk of ischemic events at nine days, but it substantially reduces major bleeding and improves long term mortality and morbidity. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00139815.).
Development, fabrication, and modeling of highly sensitive conjugated polymer based piezoresistive sensors in electronic skin applications (2016)

Human intervention can be replaced through development of tools resulted from utilizing sensing devices possessing a wide range of applications including humanoid robots or remote and minimally invasive surgeries. Similar to the five human senses, sensors interface with their surroundings to stimulate a suitable response or action. The sense of touch which arises in human skin is among the most challenging senses to emulate due to its ultra high sensitivity. This has brought forth novel challenging issues to consider in the field of biomimetic robotics. In this work, using a multiphase reaction, a polypyrrole (PPy) based hydrogel is developed as a resistive type pressure sensor with an intrinsically elastic microstructure stemming from three dimensional hollow spheres. Furthermore, a semi-analytical constriction resistance model accounting for the real contact area between the PPy hydrogel sensors and the electrode along with the dependency of the contact resistance change on the applied load is developed. The model is then solved using a Monte Carlo technique and the sensitivity of the sensor is obtained. The experimental results showed the good tracking ability of the proposed model.
Test chip characterization of X architecture diagonal lines for SoC design (2004)

This paper addresses the manufacturability, yield and reliability aspects of an X architecture (diagonal lines) silicon-on-chip (SoC) design that enables IC chips to become faster and smaller (area) compared to the same design in a Manhattan structure. Test chips that consist of comb/serpentine, maze, via chain, as well as resistance and capacitance structures are designed and fabricated using both a 130 nm and a 90 nm copper CMOS processes. The measurements of the line resistance (Kelvin structures), capacitance (inter-digited structure) and SEM data show that for 1:1 design rules (Manhattan vs. X architecture), the uniformity and fidelity of the diagonal lines are as good as Manhattan lines. The current generation of mask, lithography, and wafer processing techniques are applicable to X architecture designs.
Introduction to Biomechatronics (2012)

This is the age of biomechatronics, a time where mechanics and electronics can interact with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or replace limbs, senses, and even organs damaged by trauma, birth defects, or disease. Introduction to Biomechatronics provides biomedical engineering students and professionals with the fundamental mechatronic (mechanics, electronics, robotics) engineering knowledge they need to analyze and design devices that improve lives. The first half of the book provides the engineering background to understand all the components of a biomechatronic system: the human subject, stimulus or actuation, transducers and sensors, signal conditioning elements, recording and display, and feedback elements. It also includes the major functional systems of the body to which biomechatronics can be applied including: biochemical, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal. The second half discusses five broadly based inventions from a historical perspective and supported by the relevant technical detail and engineering analysis. It begins with the development of hearing prostheses including middle-ear implantable hearing devices and the amazingly successful cochlear implant. This is followed by sensory substitution and visual prostheses that researchers hope will do the same for the blind as the cochlear implant has done for the deaf. The last three chapters are more mechatronic in focus, examining artificial hearts, respiratory aids from the iron lung to the latest CPAP devices, and finally artificial limbs from the first hooks and peg legs to limbs that move and have a sense of touch. Introduction to Biomechatronics provides readers with the engineering background to analyze and design biomechatronic devices, and inspires them to greater designs by discussing successful inventions that have done the most to improve our lives.
Variation in Extracellular Protease Production among Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Due to Different Levels of Expression of the Protease Repressor <i>sarA</i> (2002)

Staphylococcus aureus produces four major extracellular proteases: staphylococcal serine protease (V8 protease; SspA), cysteine protease (SspB), metalloprotease (aureolysin; Aur), and staphopain (Scp). Several in vitro studies have suggested that these enzymes are important virulence factors. Here we analyzed the protease production of 92 S. aureus strains from infected human soft tissue. Twenty-one strains produced variable zones of proteolysis on casein agar plates, while the remaining 71 strains appeared to be protease negative. The major protease genes were present in all protease-positive (n = 5) and protease-negative (n = 12) strains analyzed. Northern blotting showed that transcription of the protease genes was suppressed due to increased sigma factor B (SigB)-dependent expression of the protease repressor SarA. Other SigB-dependent traits such as pigmentation and expression of asp 23 were also increased in protease-negative compared to protease-positive strains. Inactivation of sarA in three protease-negative strains resulted in increased transcription of all protease genes and increased protease production, while overexpression of sarA in a strain producing protease at high levels repressed protease production. Our results suggest that the protease genes are conserved among clinical S. aureus strains and that the level of SigB-dependent expression of the protease repressor sarA determines the level of protease production in each strain.
The Haematology of Anorexia Nervosa (1972)

S ummary . The haematological features of six patients with anorexia nervosa have been studied in a prospective fashion. Hypocellularity and the presence of large amounts of gelatinous acid mucopolysaccharide in the bone marrow has been confirmed and appears to be a common feature of this disorder. Rapid reversal occurred with clinical improvement in one patient. It is suggested that this represents a physiological response to starvation and evidence is presented that these changes are of minimal functional significance in most patients. Although mild subclinical deficiency of iron and folic acid, a slightly reduced red‐cell lifespan and a relative increase in plasma volume may also occur, anaemia is not universal and is usually mild. Plasma volume changes are probably the major mechanism. Neutropenia was common and is probably due to redistribution of granulocytes within the various granulocyte compartments. Lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia were also found. Morphological abnormalities of the red cells were a frequent finding, particularly the presence of spur cells. These were not associated with abetalipoproteinaemia nor with biochemical evidence of liver disease and did not appear to be subject to significant haemolysis. These haematological changes are also reversible with improvement in nutritional status. Blue‐green granules, probably representing ceroid, were observed in marrow histiocytes. The various abnormalities are discussed in relation to current concepts of the role of nutrition in haematopoiesis in man and haematopoietic roles for dietary factors other than protein are tentatively proposed.
Antibodies to neurofilament protein in retinitis pigmentosa. (1986)

Antibodies reactive with heterologous neural tissue were detected by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy in the sera of 17 of 34 patients with retinitis pigmentosa, one of 30 normal control sera, and a variable percentage of sera derived from subjects with diverse ocular and neurological diseases. These antibodies were also found both in disease-free first degree relatives and in spouses of patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Analytical sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of human spinal cord components followed by immunoblots with sera under study revealed that the serum antibody was specific for the high molecular weight protein subunit of neurofilaments. No correlation was found between the presence of these antibodies and other immunological and clinical parameters in retinitis pigmentosa. These findings suggest that release of piled-up neurofilaments from damaged neurones in retinitis pigmentosa triggers B lymphocytes autoreactive to neurofilament antigens.
Polymerization of Diaspirin Cross-Linked Hemoglobin (DCLHb) with Water-Soluble, Nonimmunogenic Polyamide Cross-Linking Agents (1999)

Diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb), a human hemoglobin that is intramolecularly cross-linked between the alpha chains (lysine 99(alpha)(1)-lysine 99(alpha)(2)), was polymerized with a number of water-soluble, nonimmunogenic polyamide cross-linking agents. The degree of polymerization and the oxygen-carrying capacity depended upon the polyamide reagent, the starting concentration of DCLHb, the molar ratio of the polyamide reagent to DCLHb used, the reaction pH, and whether oxy- or deoxy-DCLHb was used in the polymerization reaction.
Vaccination against Fowlpox Virus Via Drinking Water (2003)

The oral vaccination against Fowlpox was investigated via drinking water containing the F132-c strain of Fowlpox virus to be effective even though the vaccine virus-titer was 10(4) TCID (50)/dose each time. When the virus-titer of the F132-c strain was 10(4-5 )TCID(50)/dose per single drinking water vaccination, 90% or more of chickens were not protected, however, they were protected when vaccinated twice via drinking water. A weak immune response occurred by a slight infection after the first vaccination, and due to memory cells, a booster could work well after the second vaccination. These results suggest the possibility of reducing both the amount of virus required for a vaccine via drinking water and the labor cost in the field.
-Lactamases of subspecies of Bacteroides fragilis (1978)

The β-lactamase activities of 64 strains of Bacteroides fragilis were studied. The subspecies of Bacteroides fragilis were found to have β-lactamases which focussed at distinctive isoelectric points. Five strains which showed a high degree of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics showed three separate types of resistance, two of which were enzymic. Cephalosporins showed variable degrees of susceptibility to hydrolysis by the Bacteroides fragilis enzymes but cefoxitin was unaffected.
An Energy Harvester Using Image Sensor Pixels With Cold Start and Over 96% MPPT Efficiency (2019)

This letter presents an energy harvester using conventional 4-T CMOS image sensor pixels in 0.13-μm CMOS. Its 320×240 pixel array can be time multiplexed to capture images or harvest energy. Among reported pixels with energy harvesting capability, we achieve the highest fill factor of 60.4% at a pitch of 5 μm. Auxiliary photodiodes that are placed outside the imager array generate a supply rail that enables cold start at incident light levels as low as 25 lux. A switched-capacitor (SC) boost converter steps up the harvested energy from 0.25-0.4 V to 1.8-V analog and 0.6-V digital supplies. The design achieves a peak power efficiency of 52.4% at an output power of 266 nW, while its analog maximum input power point tracking control circuit maintains over 96% tracking efficiency across all lighting conditions.
The CATH protein family database: A resource for structural and functional annotation of genomes (2002)

Over the last decade, there have been huge increases in the numbers of protein sequences and structures determined. In parallel, many methods have been developed for recognising similarities between these proteins, arising from their common evolutionary background, and for clustering such relatives into protein families. Here we review some of the protein family resources available to the biologist and describe how these can be used to provide structural and functional annotations for newly determined sequences. In particular we describe recent developments to the CATH domain database of protein structural families which have facilitated genome annotation and which have also revealed important caveats that must be considered when transferring functional data between homologous proteins.
Web-based real time content processing and monitoring service for digital TV broadcast (2010)

In this paper, we describe a real time content processing and monitoring service for digital TV broadcast. Broadcast monitoring has a wide range of applications, including tracking advertisement air time, detecting inconsistency in electronic program guide, enabling personalized alerting services, maintaining the Quality of Service, etc. Our TV content processing and monitoring system has a modular design, where various real time multimedia content analysis components can be plugged in flexibly. As a proof of concept, we incorporated the following processing modules in the prototype: automatic speech recognition, closed caption extraction, text normalization, keyword extraction, shot boundary detection, face detection and recognition, and near duplicate keyframe detection. These processing components detect a rich set of metadata information, which is collected by the video monitoring server. On a web interface, users can tune to different digital TV channels or pre-recorded video content, and monitor the extracted metadata information as well as watch the video itself.
Low voltage sensing techniques and secondary design issues for sub-90nm caches (2004)

CMOS technology and architecture trends are causing the speed of VLSI systems to be increasingly limited by the large capacitance of cache bit-lines and interconnect. Despite reduced supply voltages, low-voltage sensing techniques are needed to avoid the time constants associated with large voltage swings on increasingly large capacitance. This paper describes two sensing techniques to overcome this problem: a current sense amplifier and a charge transfer sense amplifier and their implementation based on 90nm CMOS technology. The current sense amplifier senses the cell current directly and shows a speed improvement of 10-12% for 128 memory cells and 15-17% for 256 memory cells as compared to the conventional voltage mode sense amplifier, for iso-noise. The other technique is the charge transfer sense amplifier that takes advantage of large bit-line capacitance for its operation. CTSA shows an improvement of 12-15% less energy that the voltage mode sense amplifier. The energy consumed by bit-lines charging and discharging in CTSA is 30% less than the voltage mode sensing scheme.
THE QUENCHING OF MERCURY RESONANCE RADIATION. II. FURTHER HYDROCARBONS AND NITRIC OXIDE<sup>1</sup> (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE QUENCHING OF MERCURY RESONANCE RADIATION. II. FURTHER HYDROCARBONS AND NITRIC OXIDE1John R. BatesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1932, 54, 2, 569–576Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01341a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01341a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views25Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-Sensitivity, Label-Free DNA Sensors Using Electrochemically Active Conducting Polymers (2011)

Label-free oligonucleotide sensors that use a change in the electrode kinetics of the redox reaction of the negatively charged Fe(CN)(6)(3-/4-) redox couple to signal the formation of a DNA duplex with a surface-conjugated probe nucleotide are investigated. Electrochemically active conducting polymers (ECPs) can advantageously be used both as the active electrode and as the means of surface conjugation of the probe nucleotide. Here, we demonstrate that the sensitivity of the detection of the surface-complementary oligonucleotide can significantly be improved, into the low nanomolar range, by forming the ECP as a highly porous, very rough layer by growing it using electrochemical polymerization on a microelectrode. In comparison, smoother surfaces formed on macroelectrodes had detection sensitivity in the low micromolar range. We propose Donnan exclusion of the redox couple from small pores as the reason for the enhanced sensitivity. We discuss the effects using a simple patch model for the electrochemical kinetics and use the model to derive the equilibrium binding constant and binding kinetic rate constants for the surface hybridization reaction. We use the electrochemically active copolymer of pyrrole (Py) and 3-pyrrolylacrylic acid (PAA) [poly(Py-co-PAA)] as the sensing electrode and binding surface and measure the surface hybridization-induced changes in electrode kinetics of Fe(CN)(6)(3-/4-) by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.