gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Memristor based delay element using current starved inverter (2013)

This paper will first review on some applications of newly found passive element, the memristor. Utilizing the beneficial characteristic of memristor where it can remember its last state, more and more improvements on today electronic designs has been proposed. However, it is crucial to observe the behavior of memristor model before applying into circuits, especially when the memristor is coupled with other devices. In this paper, LTspice memristor model is used to simulate memristor behavior and applied to the basic delay element circuit. The circuit used a tristate inverter as the delay element. It controls the current flowing to the parasitic capacitor, thus controlling the delay. The compatibility of memristor with the delay element is also in consideration to ensure the functionality of the circuits. At the end, a basic delay element using inverter and memristor is presented. This paper is divided into 4 sections, including the introduction where few examples of memristor applications are explained. It follows by next section where the inverter delay characteristic is narrated. Section 3 is about a mathematical model of memristor that been used to provide a specific memristor resistance in order to get certain delay value during simulation. Using LT spice, a memristor based delay circuit design is then proposed and the delay is observed by circuit simulation. In conclusion, the calculated R and delay value is then compared to the simulation result in order to verify circuit functionality.
Cat Neural Taste Responses to Nitrogen Compounds (1976)

The cat, Felis catus, is a small carnivore of the family Felidae, a family which includes closely related species such as the bobcat, lynx, lion and tiger. As a carnivore and a felid the cat shares certain common characteristics with these wild species. The primary behavioral distinguishing characteristic of the carnivores, and especially of the felids, is their ability to kill and eat other animals. In the natural nutritional ecosystem of the felids, vegetable material contributes little directly to the nutrition of the animal (1, 2, 3). Thus the cat's natural diet consists largely of small animals, with small mammals and birds predominating and reptiles and invertebrates playing a lesser role. If small enough, the prey is eaten whole; if large, most of the soft tissues are consumed. The major elements of a cat's ecosystem can be considered in terms of a flow diagram in which the cat can be
Correction - Fluorinated Isatins and Some of Their Heterocyclic Derivatives (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCorrection - Fluorinated Isatins and Some of Their Heterocyclic DerivativesV Yen, N Buu-Hoi, and N XuongCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 12, 2073Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1959Publication History Published online18 July 2003Published inissue 1 December 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01094a647https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01094a647research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Contactless palmprint and knuckle biometrics for mobile devices (2011)

In this paper, biometric methods for contactless and unrestricted access control for mobile devices are proposed. The major contribution of this paper are palmprint and knuckles feature extraction methods dedicated for the mobile contactless biometrics. We use texture mask-based features for the palmprint. For the knuckles, we use Probabilistic Hough Transform and Speeded Up Robust Features as well as the 3-step classification methodology. We prove the efficiency of the presented methods by reporting promising results.
Coupling of Electron Transfer and Bond Dissociation Processes in Dinuclear Complexes with Rhodium and Iridium Reaction Centres Bridged by 2,2'-Bipyrimidine (2001)

The complexes [{MCl(η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )} 2 (μ-bpym)](PF 6 ) 2 , bpym = 2,2'-bipyrimidine and M = Rh or Ir, were obtained as isomerically pure species (M = Ir) or as mixtures of cis / trans isomers (M = Rh). Even though these compounds undergo partial dissociation into the mononuclear bpym- and solvento-complexes in DMF or acetonitrile, cyclic voltammetry and, in part, spectroscopy (NMR, EPR, UV-VIS) could be used to analyze their reduction with up to five electrons. In acetonitrile at room temperature, the dirhodium compound displays two sequential chloride-dissociative two-electron cathodic steps, leading to the very reactive [{Rh(η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )} 2 (μ-bpym)]. At -15 °C in DMF, the diiridium compound was found to be sufficiently inert towards dissociation; it is then reversibly reduced to an EPR-detectable radical cation [{IrCl(η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )} 2 (μ-bpym)] •+ before two separated chloride-dissociative steps occur.
Effect of partial hepatectomy on removal of <i>O</i>6-methylguanine from alkylated DNA by rat liver extracts (1981)

1. The activity of an enzyme catalysing the loss of O6-methylguanine from methylated DNA was increasing during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Activity was increased 3-fold by 24h and was maximal (6-fold increase) over the period 48-72h after operation. 2. This activity could also be induced by chronic treatment with dimethylnitrosamine, but the maximal response amounted to a 2-3-fold change (with the greater effect in male rats) after 4-6 weeks of exposure to daily doses of 2 mg of dimethylnitrosamine/kg. 3. Neither partial hepatectomy nor treatment with dimethylnitrosamine increased the activities of two other enzymes repairing alkylated DNA, DNA (7-methylguanine-)glycosylase and DNA (3-methyladenine-)glycosylase. 4. These results therefore indicate that there is a selective induction of the O6-methylguanine removal system during hepatocyte proliferation. Since this product is known to lead to mutations and its persistence in DNA throughout cell replication has been implicated in tumour initiation, this induction may play a role in resistance to carcinogenesis by alkylating agents.
Artificial texturing (1983)

Texture is an important surface characteristic which provides a great deal of information about the nature of a surface, and several computationally complex algorithms have been implemented to replicate realistic textures in computer shaded images. Perceptual psychologists have recognized the importance of surface texture as a cue to space perception, and have attempted to delineate which factors provide primary shape information. A rendering algorithm is presented which uses these factors to produce a texture specifically designed to aid visualization. Since the texture is not attempting to replicate an actual texture pattern, it is called “artificial” texturing. This algorithm avoids the computational limitations of other methods because this “artificial” approach does not require complex mappings from a defined texture space to the transformed image to be rendered. A simple filtering method is presented to avoid unacceptable aliasing.
Grasping objects by their handles: A necessary interaction between cognition and action. (2001)

Research has illustrated dissociations between "cognitive" and "action" systems, suggesting that different representations may underlie phenomenal experience and visuomotor behavior. However, these systems also interact. The present studies show a necessary interaction when semantic processing of an object is required for an appropriate action. Experiment 1 demonstrated that a semantic task interfered with grasping objects appropriately by their handles, but a visuospatial task did not. Experiment 2 assessed performance on a visuomotor task that had no semantic component and showed a reversal of the effects of the concurrent tasks. In Experiment 3, variations on concurrent word tasks suggested that retrieval of semantic information was necessary for appropriate grasping. In all, without semantic processing, the visuomotor system can direct the effective grasp of an object, but not in a manner that is appropriate for its use.
DIETHYL METHYLENEMALONATE (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDIETHYL METHYLENEMALONATEG. B. BACHMAN and H. A. TANNERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1939, 04, 4, 493–501Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01216a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01216a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views846Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spurious state in connection with β-vibration of nuclei (1963)

An equation for the frequency of the quadrupole axially symmetric oscillations (γ-vibrations) of the atomic nucleus is derived. The derivation includes pairing interaction between nucleons. The equation contains one solution, which corresponds to the spurious zero-frequency state, which is a mixture of the ground-states of the neighbouring nuclei.
Pharmacokinetics of veterinary drugs in laying hens and residues in eggs: a review of the literature (2011)

Poultry treated with pharmaceutical products can produce eggs contaminated with drug residues. Such residues could pose a risk to consumer health. The following is a review of the information available in the literature regarding drug pharmacokinetics in laying hens, and the deposition of drugs into eggs of poultry species, primarily chickens. The available data suggest that, when administered to laying hens, a wide variety of drugs leave detectable residues in eggs laid days to weeks after the cessation of treatment.
Computerized in-situ test for bone conduction hearing aids (2001)

Conventionally, bone-conduction (BC) hearing aids are tested with skull simulator devices and the individual adjustments are reliant on psychoacoustic free-field audiometry. Here we present a novel PC-based system for in situ measurements of BC hearing aids. With the presented system, we are able to measure the hearing aid induced skull vibrations in relation to the individual BC hearing threshold at given frequencies. According to the preliminary measurements, the vibration levels are relatively low but the system is sensitive enough for relevant measurements.
An Established MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr Cell Line with Null Cell Properties Produces a B Cell Differentiation Factor(s) That Promotes Anti-Single-Stranded DNA Antibody Production in MRL Spleen Cell Culture (1986)

The cell line established from the lymph node cells of an MRL/lpr mouse, was found to have null cell properties in that it lacked Thy-1, Lyt-1 and Lyt-2 as well as sIg, and continued to grow in the absence of exogeneously added lymphokines such as IL-2 and IL-3. Interestingly, this cell line (KML1) or a soluble factor(s) produced by it promoted anti-ssDNA antibody production in cultures of MRL/lpr spleen cells. The factor did not induce cell proliferation. Therefore, it is concluded that the cell line KML1 produced at least a B-cell differentiation factor, but not IL-2 or IL-3 as far as detected with the respective lymphokine-dependent cell lines.
Primary cortical neuronal cultures reduce cellular energy utilization during anoxic energy deprivation (2003)

It has been widely hypothesized that neurons reduce cellular energy use in response to periods of energy deprivation. To test this hypothesis, we measured rates of energy use under normoxia and anoxia in immature (6 days in vitro) and mature (13 days in vitro) neuronal cultures. During anoxic incubation immature and mature cultures reduced cellular energy use by 80% and 45%, respectively. Reduced cellular energy use dramatically affected ATP depletion in neuronal cultures under anoxia. Intracellular ATP stores were expected to deplete within 3 min of anoxia. However, ATP was maintained at decreased but stabilized concentrations for at least 3 h. The capacity of neuronal cultures to reduce cellular energy use during anoxia correlated with their sensitivity towards simulated ischemia. Immature cultures, with the largest capacity to reduce cellular energy use, survived simulated ischemia 2.5 times longer than mature cultures. The addition of glutamate receptor antagonists to mature cultures further decreased cellular energy use during anoxia and significantly extended their survival time under simulated ischemia. This study verifies that primary cortical neuronal cultures reduce cellular energy use during energy deprivation. Additionally, we show that maturation of glutamate receptor activity increases non-depressible energy demand in neuronal cultures.
Mesenchymal stem cells home to injured tissues when co‐infused with hematopoietic cells to treat a radiation‐induced multi‐organ failure syndrome (2003)

This is the first evidence of expanded MSCs homing in numerous tissues following a severe multi-organ injury in primates. Localization of the transduced MSCs correlated to the severity and geometry of irradiation. A repair process was observed in various tissues. The plasticity potential of the MSCs and their contribution to the repair process in vivo remains to be studied.
A counter example to the theory of simultaneous localization and map building (2002)

The paper analyzes the properties of the full covariance simultaneous localization and map building problem (SLAM). We prove that, even for the special case of a stationary vehicle (with no process noise) which uses a range-bearing sensor and has non-zero angular uncertainty, the full covariance SLAM algorithm always yields an inconsistent map. We also show, through simulations, that these conclusions appear to extend to a moving vehicle with process noise. However, these inconsistencies only become apparent after several hundred beacon updates.
National Libraries around the World 1990–91 (1992)

Review of developments in national libraries, based mainly on literature published in 1990 et 1991. Some of the writings covered deal with developments that took place before 1990, sometimes several years before.
Analysis of protein profiles in human epithelial ovarian cancer tissues by proteomic technology. (2010)

The present study is the first to report the up-regulation of ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 and the down-regulation of SH3 binding glutamic-rich-like protein, tubulin-specific chaperone A, and tropomyosin 4 in human ovarian cancer tissues. Further cloning and functional analysis of these salient proteins will provide more information on their pathophysiologic roles in ovarian cancer.
EAP-Sens: a security architecture for wireless sensor networks (2008)

We present the design, implementation and simulation of a security protocol based on Extensible Authentication Protocol nick-named EAP-Sens for wireless sensor networks. We use the generalized pre-shared key authentication method for authentication and key establishment. Standard EAP model is used for authenticating sensor nodes within the radio range of the authenticator. For distant nodes, we use Relay Authenticators to tunnel EAP messages to the authenticator. We have defined EAP message encapsulations for IEEE 802.15.4 standard and a key hierarchy for EAP-Sens. To analyze EAP-Sens performance on larger configurations a simulation model has been developed. We have implemented an EAP-Sens prototype for Tmote sensors and showed that EAP based security protocol is feasible in wireless sensor networks.
Doppler frequency estimation and the Cramer-Rao bound (1991)

Addresses the problem of Doppler frequency estimation in the presence of speckle and receiver noise. An ultimate accuracy bound for Doppler frequency estimation is derived from the Cramer-Rao inequality. It is shown that estimates based on the correlation of the signal power spectra with an arbitrary weighting function are approximately Gaussian-distributed. Their variance is derived in terms of the weighting function. It is shown that a special case of a correlation-based estimator is a maximum-likelihood estimator that reaches the Cramer-Rao bound. These general results are applied to the problem of Doppler centroid estimation from SAR (synthetic aperture radar) data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Amantadine-resistant influenza A in a nursing facility (1992)

Rapid index case treatment and amantadine prophylaxis were implemented in two nursing homes exposed to influenza A. Facility A had no isolation of cases, and 18 of 22 cases occurred after amantadine hydrochloride therapy was initiated. Three patients exhibited amantadine-resistant virus. Facility B had day 1 isolation of the index case. A facility-wide outbreak did not occur. The experience of these facilities suggests that concurrent amantadine treatment and prophylaxis without adequate case isolation may promote further influenza A infection in a nursing facility. (<i>Arch Intern Med.</i>1992;152:390-392)
Implantation and the Survival of Early Pregnancy (2001)

The implantation of fertilized ova and the formation of the placenta are crucial steps in reproduction. This review summarizes current information about these steps, including some of the molecular mechanisms that mediate them and how they may go awry, with consequent loss of the pregnancy.
Core–Shell Nanostructured Catalysts (2012)

Novel nanotechnologies have allowed great improvements in the syn-thesis of catalysts with well-controlled size, shape, and surface properties. Transition metal nanostructures with specific sizes and shapes, for instance, have shown great promise as catalysts with high selectivities and relative ease of recycling. Researchers have already demonstrated new selective catalysis with solution-dispersed or supported-metal nanocatalysts, in some cases applied to new types of reactions. Several challenges remain, however, particularly in improving the structural stability of the catalytic active phase. Core-shell nanostructures are nanoparticles encapsulated and protected by an outer shell that isolates the nanoparticles and prevents their migration and coalescence during the catalytic reactions. The synthesis and characterization of effective core-shell catalysts has been at the center of our research efforts and is the focus of this Account. Efficient core-shell catalysts require porous shells that allow free access of chemical species from the outside to the surface of nanocatalysts. For this purpose, we have developed a surface-protected etching process to prepare mesoporous silica and titania shells with controllable porosity. In certain cases, we can tune catalytic reaction rates by adjusting the porosity of the outer shell. We also designed and successfully applied a silica-protected calcination method to prepare crystalline shells with high surface area, using anatase titania as a model system. We achieved a high degree of control over the crystallinity and porosity of the anatase shells, allowing for the systematic optimization of their photocatalytic activity. Core-shell nanostructures also provide a great opportunity for controlling the interaction among the different components in ways that might boost structural stability or catalytic activity. For example, we fabricated a SiO₂/Au/N-doped TiO₂ core-shell photocatalyst with a sandwich structure that showed excellent catalytic activity for the oxidation of organic compounds under UV, visible, and direct sunlight. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of this nanostructure resulted from an added interfacial nonmetal doping, which improved visible light absorption, and from plasmonic metal decoration that enhanced light harvesting and charge separation. In addition to our synthetic efforts, we have developed ways to evaluate the accessibility of reactants to the metal cores and to characterize the catalytic properties of the core-shell samples we have synthesized. We have adapted infrared absorption spectroscopy and titration experiments using carbon monoxide and other molecules as probes to study adsorption on the surface of metal cores in metal oxide-shell structures in situ in both gas and liquid phases. In particular, the experiments in solution have provided insights into the ease of diffusion of molecules of different sizes in and out of the shells in these catalysts.
Quadrivalent meningococcal (MenACWY-TT) conjugate vaccine or a fourth dose of H. influenzae–N. meningitidis C/Y conjugate vaccine (HibMenCY-TT) is immunogenic in toddlers who previously received three doses of HibMenCY-TT in infancy (2014)

Children primed with three doses of HibMenCY-TT who then received a single dose of MenACWY-TT or a fourth dose of HibMenCY-TT had robust increases in hSBA titers for serogroups C/Y. These data provide support that MenACWY-TT, given with or without the fourth scheduled dose of DTaP could be administered as an alternative to a fourth dose of HibMenCY-TT in the second year of life. This study (110870/110871) is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT00614614.
Optofluidic 1&#x00D7;4 switch (2008)

Optofluidic 1×4 switch made of a blazed grating in silicon elastomer integrated with microfluidic channel was designed, fabricated and tested. Experiments show 1.7dB insertion loss, extinction ratio of 9.8dB, and response time 60 ms.