gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Graduated compression stockings in the prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism. A meta-analysis (1994)

<h3>Background:</h3> The effectiveness of graduated compression stockings in prophylaxis of postoperative venous thromboembolism is unclear to many physicians. Surveys show there is considerable variability in their use and their perceived effectiveness. We undertook to establish, by a systematic overview of the literature, the effectiveness of graduated compression stockings in the prophylactic setting of postoperative venous thromboembolism. <h3>Methods:</h3> Studies published between 1966 and June 1992 were identified through the MEDLINE database, with a search in all languages, through reviews of<i>Current Contents</i>, and including references cited in identified articles. Articles were selected for initial analysis if they assessed the use of graduated compression stockings for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism, and if the stocking group was compared with an untreated or unconfounded control group. Criteria were established a priori, to select only studies with sound methods. On the basis of these criteria, 12 studies were identified for the combined analysis. Each eligible study was independently analyzed for the risk of development of deep venous thrombosis in the control and stocking groups, and this was expressed as an odds ratio. Odds ratios were combined across studies by means of the Mantel-Haenszel X<sup>2</sup>procedure. The data were analyzed separately for orthopedic surgery because of its high risk for venous thromboembolism. <h3>Results:</h3> Eleven of the 12 studies were in moderate-risk surgery (abdominal, gynecologic, and neurosurgery); the summary odds ratio was 0.28, which translates into a risk reduction of 68% (95% confidence interval, 53% to 73%), which is statistically significant (<i>P</i><.0001). In the one study in orthopedic surgery that was eligible for inclusion, the odds ratio was 0.50 (95% confidence interval, 0.19 to 1.29;<i>P</i>=.17). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The use of graduated compression stockings for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism after moderate-risk surgery results in a significant risk reduction. It is unknown whether the use of graduated compression stockings in combination with other forms of prophylaxis results in further risk reduction. The efficacy of graduated compression stockings in orthopedic surgery has been assessed by only one study that used sound methods, hence no definitive conclusions can be made in these high-risk patients. (Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:67-72)
Exclusion of deep venous thrombosis with D-dimer testing--comparison of 13 D-dimer methods in 99 outpatients suspected of deep venous thrombosis using venography as reference standard. (2000)

In a direct assay comparison we evaluated the diagnostic performance of 10 novel D-Dimer assays for the exclusion of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). In addition, 3 conventional ELISA D-Dimer assays were included as reference tests. The study was performed in 99 consecutive outpatients referred to the emergency department for clinical suspicion of DVT. Venography was used as reference standard and demonstrated the presence of DVT in 50 patients (6 patients with isolated distal DVT and 44 patients with proximal DVT). The qualitative D-Dimer assays Minutex and SimpliRED and the quantitative BC DD showed overall sensitivities (for proximal and distal DVT) of only 80-83% with specificities that ranged from 87 to 94%. Overall sensitivity was 94% for the qualitative INSTANT I.A. and 98% for the quantitative Turbiquant at a cut-off level equal to the detection limit. Using different cut-off levels a sensitivity of 100% for proximal DVT and for proximal as well as distal DVT could be obtained for NycoCard, IL DD, Liatest, Tinaquant and VIDAS D-Dimer assays with specificities that ranged from 31% (NycoCard) to 71% (VIDAS) for proximal DVT and from 12% (NycoCard) to 47% (IL DD) for overall DVT. At a cut-off level equal to the upper limit of the reference range only Tinaquant and VIDAS showed a sensitivity of 100% for proximal as well as for distal DVT with a specificity of 39% and 41% respectively. The results of this study suggest that the VIDAS and Tinaquant D-Dimer assays have the highest sensitivity for the exclusion of DVT in outpatients. In outpatients that have a low or moderate pretest probability for DVT, these tests may be used in management studies where anticoagulation is withheld on the basis of D-Dimer testing alone.
CTH17-4: Outage Performance of Cognitive Wireless Relay Networks (2006)

In this paper, we investigate the outage performance of cognitive wireless relay networks where source nodes communicate to their destinations via multiple hops facilitated by intermediate cognitive nodes able to acquire spectrum holes. Specifically, we consider a model that consists of a source node, a destination node, and a group of network clusters each consisting of a number of cognitive (unlicensed) relay nodes and a primary (licensed) node. Cognitive nodes relay information from the source depending on their geographical proximity and their ability to acquire the spectrum hole successfully. We investigate the high SNR approximation of the outage probability of the resulting two-hop system to obtain the diversity order. We show that full diversity is achieved only if each relay node successfully identifies the spectrum hole unoccupied by the corresponding primary node in the cluster, and that the diversity order can be significantly less for imperfect spectrum acquisition. Thus, we set out to improve the outage performance by incorporating a specific intracluster cooperation scheme where neighboring cognitive relay nodes in a cluster collaborate with a desired cognitive relay node. We show that the combination of this intra-cluster cooperation along with the system level cooperation via relaying through cognitive nodes improves the outage performance significantly, and the full diversity can be achieved if the proper number of neighboring relay nodes participate in the intra-cluster cooperation.
A FIELD TRIAL TO DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF DELIVERING ORAL VACCINES TO WILD SWINE (1990)

A field study was conducted on Ossabaw Island, Georgia (USA) to determine the feasibility of delivering oral vaccines to wild swine (Sus scrofa). Baits were made of polymerbound fish meal and contained a gelatin capsule as a potential vaccine chamber. Two biomarkers, iophenoxic acid and tetracycline, were incorporated into each bait, and soured chicken mash was used as an attractant. Baits (n = 1,980) were distributed in a grid pattern on a 405-ha test site and monitored for animal disturbance. Within 72 hr, 88% of 393 monitored baits were gone, and observations of track-beds surrounding 100 baits indicated that at least 52% were taken by wild swine. Subsequent testing of 80 wild swine for the biomarkers revealed that 95% of the animals had consumed bait. Track-bed observations indicated that raccoons (Procyon lotor) were the only non-target animal that frequently took baits. Biomarker analyses indicated 44% of 16 raccoons tested had eaten bait. It was concluded that oral vaccine delivery to wild swine should be considered as a feasible method of control or eradication of pseudorabies and/or swine brucellosis in wild swine if effective vaccines become available.
Membrane-Type 6 Matrix Metalloproteinase Regulates the Activation-Induced Downmodulation of CD16 in Human Primary NK Cells (2013)

CD16 (FcγRIIIa), the low-affinity receptor for IgG, expressed by the majority of human NK cells, is a potent activating receptor that facilitates Ab-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). ADCC dysfunction has been linked to cancer progression and poor prognosis for chronic infections, such as HIV; thus, understanding how CD16 expression is regulated by NK cells has clinical relevance. Importantly, CD16 cell-surface expression is downmodulated following NK cell activation and, in particular, exposure to stimulatory cytokines (IL-2 or IL-15), likely owing to the action of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In this article, we identify membrane-type 6 (MT6) MMP (also known as MMP25) as a proteinase responsible for CD16 downmodulation. IL-2-induced upregulation of MT6/MMP25 cell-surface expression correlates with CD16 downmodulation. MT6/MMP25, sequestered in intracellular compartments in unstimulated NK cells, translocates to the cell surface after stimulation; moreover, it polarizes to the effector-target cell interface of the CD16-mediated immunological synapse. siRNA-mediated disruption of MT6/MMP25 expression enhances the ADCC capacity of NK cells, emphasizing the important functional role of MT6/MMP25 in the regulation of ADCC activity. Thus, this study uncovers a previously unknown role of MT6/MMP25 in human NK cells, and suggests that inhibition of MT6/MMP25 activity could improve ADCC efficacy of therapeutically administered NK cells that require IL-2 for culture and expansion.
Chemical phosphorylation of bovine .beta.-lactoglobulin (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical phosphorylation of bovine .beta.-lactoglobulinSusan L. Woo, Lawrence K. Creamer, and Thomas RichardsonCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1982, 30, 1, 65–70Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00109a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00109a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antibody response to the tumor-associated inhibitor of apoptosis protein survivin in cancer patients. (2000)

Antibody reactivity against survivin, a recently identified tumor-associated protein, was determined in sera from patients with lung (n = 51) or colorectal cancer (n = 49). The same collection of sera was tested for the presence of antibodies against p53. Eleven sera from lung cancer patients and four sera from colorectal cancer patients reacted with purified recombinant survivin in an ELISA (21.6% and 8.2%, respectively), whereas four sera from lung cancer patients and nine sera from colorectal cancer patients contained anti-p53 antibodies (7.8% and 18.4%, respectively). The increase in prevalence when anti-survivin and anti-p53 antibodies were determined in parallel was statistically significant (29.4% versus 7.8%, P = 0.005 in lung cancer population; 26.6% versus 8.2%, P = 0.015 in colorectal cancer population). The high prevalence of anti-survivin antibodies makes these antibodies an attractive novel marker for the diagnosis of lung and colorectal cancer, particularly in patients lacking anti-p53 antibodies.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Examination of New Pyrimidine Type Derivatives as Potential Phosphodiesterase(PDE) V Inhibitors. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Assessment of Optimum Tip Speed Ratio of Wind Turbines (2005)

The first thing to do in wind turbine blade design is to select tip speed ratio. Generally speaking, the speed ratio depends on the profile type used and the number of blades. Various speed ratios could be chosen for different types of profiles with different number of blades. Therefore, an optimization procedure should be applied to find the best ratio since this directly affects the energy generated from the turbine and in turn the investment made. This study presents a procedure to assess the optimum speed ratios for various profile types used in practice with various numbers of blades.
The NRL MITE Air Vehicle (2001)

Micro Air Vehicles "MAVs" offer the promise of affordably expendable, covert sensor platforms for a range of close-in situational awareness activities. Since 1996, the US Naval Research Laboratory "NRL" has been developing technologies that will enable Navy-relevant missions with the smallest practical MAVs. This effort includes the development and integration of sensors, avionics, and advanced intelligent autopilots for flight control, with aerodynamic technologies. The NRL Micro Tactical Expendable "MITE" air vehicle is a result of this research. The operational MITE is a hand-launched, dual-propeller, fixed-wing air vehicle, with a 9-inch chord and a wingspan of 8 to 18 inches, depending on payload weight. The 14-inch MITE 2 can carry a one-ounce analog camera payload for mission flight durations in excess of 20 minutes, at air speeds of 10-20 miles/hour. While the MITE is presently a remote controlled air vehicle, both miniature 'traditional' autopilots and also 'advanced' autopilots, based on visual and spectral imaging techniques, are being developed. Autonomous MITEs will provide inexpensive, covert, highly portable sensor platforms for distribution and use in remote or urban environments. Multiple MITEs will provide distributed networks of roving and fixed sensor systems.
Affinity labeling of the folate-methotrexate transporter from Leishmania donovani (1989)

An affinity labeling technique has been developed to identify the folate-methotrexate transporter of Leishmania donovani promastigotes using "activated" derivatives of the ligands. These "activated" derivatives were synthesized by incubating folate and methotrexate with a 10-fold excess of 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide (EDC) for 10 min at ambient temperature in dimethyl sulfoxide. Preincubation of intact cells with nonradioactive "activated" folate or methotrexate at a concentration of 40 microM inhibited the capacity of wild-type cells to transport submicromolar concentrations of unmodified ligand. When intact wild-type (DI700) Leishmania donovani or preparations of their membranes were incubated with a 0.4 microM concentration of either "activated" [3H]folate or "activated" [3H]methotrexate, the radiolabeled ligands were covalently incorporated into a polypeptide with a molecular weight of approximately 46,000, as demonstrated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. No affinity labeling of a 46,000-dalton protein was observed when equimolar concentrations of "activated" radiolabeled ligands were incubated with intact cells or membranes prepared from a methotrexate-resistant mutant clone of Leishmania donovani, MTXA5, that is genetically defective in folate-methotrexate transport capability [Kaur, K., Coons, T., Emmett, K., & Ullman, B. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 7020-7028]. However, some labeling of a 46,000-dalton protein was observed when MTXA5 cells were incubated with higher concentrations of "activated" ligands. Time course studies indicated that maximal labeling of the 46,000-dalton protein occurred within 5-10 min of incubation of intact cells with "activated" ligand.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Advanced mask rule check (MRC) tool (2006)

As patterns on photomasks are getting more complex due to RET technologies, mask rule check (MRC) has become an essential process before manufacturing photomasks. Design rule check (DRC) tools in the EDA field can be applied for MRC. However, photomask data has unique characteristics different from IC design, which causes many problems when handling photomask data in the same way as the design data. In this paper, we introduce a novel MRC tool, SmartMRC, which has been developed by SII NanoTechnology in order to solve these problems and show the experimental results performed by DNP. We have achieved high performance of data processing by optimizing the software engine to make the best use of mask data's characteristics. The experimental results show that only a little difference has been seen in calculation time for reversed pattern data compared to non-reversed data. Furthermore, the MRC tool can deal with various types of photomask data and Jobdec in the same transparent way by reading them directly without any intermediate data conversion, which helps to reduce the overhead time. Lastly it has been proven that result OASIS files are several times smaller than GDS files.
The World's Smallest Gas Cylinders? (1997)

Argon gas was trapped at high pressure within hollow carbon tubes grown in vapor that have an outer diameter of between 20 and 150 nanometers. The gas was forced into the tubes by hot isostatically pressing (HIPing) the carbon material for 48 hours at 650°C under an argon pressure of 170 megapascals. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy maps and line scans across the tubes show that the argon is trapped inside the bore and not in the tube walls. The room temperature argon pressure in these tubes was estimated to be about 60 megapascals, which indicates that equilibrium pressure was attained within the tubes at the HIPing temperature. These findings demonstrate the potential for storing gases in such carbon structures.
Conjugate phase plate use in analysis of the frequency response of imaging systems designed for extended depth of field (2008)

We unveil a relationship between generating a point spread function with a pair of conjugate phase elements and visualizing the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a single phase element for a variable focus error, at a tunable spatial frequency. We show that the defocused MTF of a pair of conjugate phase elements can be expressed as the modulus of the second order ambiguity function of a single phase element. Finally, we propose a tunable wavefront coding technique with a pair of quartic (4th power) conjugate phase elements.
The determination of appropriate phosphogypsum: Class C fly ash : Portland Type II cement compositions for use in marine applications (2003)

Phosphogypsum (PG, CaSO4·2H2O) is a waste by-product produced during the wet manufacturing phosphoric acid process. Phosphoric acid is manufactured by processing phosphate rock that contains relatively high concentrations of naturally occurring radioactive impurities which makes PG a radioactive material. PG also contains certain trace metals including As, Ba, Cd, Cr and Pb and radioactive contaminants such as Radium226 and Uranium238 that pose potential hazard to human health and the environment. According to USEPA, the current allowable disposal method for PG is stack piling. This research was focused on stabilizing PG with Portland Type II cement and Class C fly ash for use in marine environments. The specific objectives included the development of a PG briquette composition that under submerged conditions: 1) maintained physical integrity, 2) minimized dissolution of Ca2+, SO42-, Ra226 and toxic metal concentrations in saltwater, 3) possessed appropriate engineering properties for its potential as a fill material and 4) was economically feasible to fabricate. The 73%:25%:02%, 67%:30%:03%, 63%:35%:02% and 62%:35%:03% PG:Class C fly ash:Portland Type II cement composites showed promising results with no signs of degradation after 12-months of natural saltwater submergence. The leaching behavior of all the PG composites was found to be similar and the effective calcium and sulfate diffusion coefficients ranged 1.36-8.04x10-13 m2·s-1 and 2.96-7.20x10-13 m2·s-1, respectively. The Ra226 concentrations leached were observed to be safe, and ranged well below the current EPA regulation for the amount of Ra226 concentration in safe drinking water (5 pCi·L-1). The metal concentrations in the TCLP leachate were well below the USEPA toxicity characteristics limits. The engineering properties test results indicated that the composite material could be classified as well-graded gravel or well-graded sand with little or no fines. The USCS classification would also qualify the PG briquettes as a potential fill material in embankment construction having excellent workability characteristics. The 73%:25%:02% PG:Class C fly ash:Portland Type II cement composite demonstrated the lowest production cost ($10.62 per ton for the year 2001 in Tampa, Florida) among the best four selected combinations.
The Influence of Measuring Force, Stylus Radius, and Surface Finish on the Accuracy of Measurement of Work-Pieces by a Comparator (1961)

An investigation is described which was undertaken to determine the effect of the measuring force and stylus radius of the comparator on the measured sizes of work-pieces made of the materials and having the machined finishes commonly used in engineering. The information was required to enable recommendations to be made concerning the performance and certain features of engineers' measuring instruments. The sizes of the work-pieces were measured using styluses of different radii under successively increased measuring forces. It was found that the sizes obtained at any one point were influenced mainly by alterations in the measuring force, and that the effect of the surface finish was relatively small. The relation between the measuring force and the magnitude of the deformation at the contacting surfaces of a solid stylus and a work-piece followed a law similar to that derived by Hertz from theoretical consideration of elastic deformation, despite the appreciable plastic deformation of the work-pieces that occurred in some instances. Variations in the measured sizes over an area of a work-piece were influenced more by the surface texture of the work-piece than by the radius of the stylus used.
NOTICES OF RECENT PUBLICATIONS (1975)

Journal Article NOTICES OF RECENT PUBLICATIONS Get access The Superficial Veins of the Human Brain . By H. M. DUVERNOY . 1975 . Pp. 110 . Berlin , Heidelberg ; New York : Springer . Price DM 88; US $35.90. PETER DANIEL PETER DANIEL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 98, Issue 4, 1975, Page 728, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/98.4.728-a Published: 01 October 1975