gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of a 90 Degree Cascade Diffusing Bend with an Area Ratio of 1.45:1 and with Several Inlet Boundary Layers (1952)

Report presenting an experimental investigation in order to determine the performance of a 90 degree cascade diffusing bend with an area ratio of 1.45:1, a 19-by-19-inch inlet, and five inlet boundary layers varying in thickness and shape parameter. Tests were performed over a range of Mach and Reynolds numbers. Results regarding velocity distribution, performance, and some general considerations for this configuration are provided.
Total Synthesis of ( + )-Methyl Phaseates (1986)

Journal Article Total Synthesis of ( + )-Methyl Phaseates Get access Shunya Takahashi, Shunya Takahashi Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 980, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takayuki Oritani, Takayuki Oritani Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 980, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kyohei Yamashita Kyohei Yamashita Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai 980, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 50, Issue 6, 1 June 1986, Pages 1589–1595, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1986.10867584 Published: 01 June 1986 Article history Received: 17 January 1986 Published: 01 June 1986
A quantitative measure of the efficacy of factor VIII in hemophilia A mice (2003)

We developed a quantitative method to study the efficacy of intravenously delivered human factor VIII in hemophilia A mice. Mortality was assessed after tail transection under conditions in which there were no survivors in untreated hemophilia A mice. Blood loss was significantly greater in untreated hemophilia A mice compared to normal C57BL/6 mice, and in hemophilia A non-survivors that were treated with sub-therapeutic doses of factor VIII. The up-and-down method for small samples yielded an estimated dose of factor VIII producing survival in 50% of the mice (ED(50)) of 58 units/kg (95% confidence interval: 42.4-78.5 units/kg). This method should be useful in the evaluation and comparison of novel factor VIII products delivered either parenterally or in a gene therapy setting.
Über einige fossile Hölzer aus Java (1926)

Da die Originale der von Göppert aus dem Tertiär von Java beschriebenen Arten Piperites Hasskarlianus und Junghuhnites javanicus nicht mehr vorhanden sind, die vorliegenden Beschreibungen für eine Bestimmung aber nicht ausreichen, so sind sie aus der fossilen Flora Javas zu streichen. Das gilt auch von Miquelites elegans, dessen schlechte Erhaltung eine sichere Bestimmung unmöglich macht. Bredaea moroides dagegen ist ebenso wie Naucleoxylon spectabile Crié sowie ein bisher unbeschriebenes Kieselholz von Java eine Dipterocarpacee. Die Stücke werden beschrieben als Dipterocarpoxylon moroides, D. spectabile und D. Göpperti n. sp. Die Frage, ob es möglich ist, diese wie andere fossile Dipterocarpoxyla bestimmten rezenten Dipterocarpaceengattungen zuzuweisen, soll später erörtert werden.\nFrankfurt a/M. Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut der Universität.
ESD diodes in a bulk Si gate-all-around vertically stacked horizontal nanowire technology (2016)

A Gate-All-Around (GAA) nanowire (NW) device is a candidate for sub-10nm bulk Si CMOS. The impact of the new architecture and its process options on intrinsic ESD performance needs to be studied. The measurement results and TCAD simulations prove that the ESD performance in bulk GAA NW based diodes is maintained in comparison to bulk FinFET diodes.
Interlayer thickness dependence of the strong 90° coupling in epitaxial CoFe/Mn/CoFe trilayers (1996)

Trilayers of CoFe/Mn/CoFe(001) have been prepared by molecular beam epitaxy and their magnetic properties measured by magnetometry and ferromagnetic resonance. Very strong near-90° coupling between the CoFe layers, with no evidence for 180° coupling, was found in all but the thickest Mn-layer samples. The coupling energy has the form suggested recently for the case when the interlayer itself is antiferromagnetic. An analysis of the ferromagnetic resonance data indicates that the magnitude of the coupling oscillates with the Mn thickness.
Sparse sampling methods in multidimensional NMR (2012)

Although the discrete Fourier transform played an enabling role in the development of modern NMR spectroscopy, it suffers from a well-known difficulty providing high-resolution spectra from short data records. In multidimensional NMR experiments, so-called indirect time dimensions are sampled parametrically, with each instance of evolution times along the indirect dimensions sampled via separate one-dimensional experiments. The time required to conduct multidimensional experiments is directly proportional to the number of indirect evolution times sampled. Despite remarkable advances in resolution with increasing magnetic field strength, multiple dimensions remain essential for resolving individual resonances in NMR spectra of biological macromolecues. Conventional Fourier-based methods of spectrum analysis limit the resolution that can be practically achieved in the indirect dimensions. Nonuniform or sparse data collection strategies, together with suitable non-Fourier methods of spectrum analysis, enable high-resolution multidimensional spectra to be obtained. Although some of these approaches were first employed in NMR more than two decades ago, it is only relatively recently that they have been widely adopted. Here we describe the current practice of sparse sampling methods and prospects for further development of the approach to improve resolution and sensitivity and shorten experiment time in multidimensional NMR. While sparse sampling is particularly promising for multidimensional NMR, the basic principles could apply to other forms of multidimensional spectroscopy.
A non-modular endo-<i>β</i>-1,4-mannanase from <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> subspecies <i>cellulosa</i> (1995)

Pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosa when cultured in the presence of carob galactomannan degraded the polysaccharide. To isolate gene(s) from P. fluorescens subsp. cellulosa encoding endo-beta-1,4-mannanase (mannanase) activity, a genomic library of Pseudomonas DNA, constructed in lambda ZAPII, was screened for mannanase-expressing clones using the dye-labelled substrate, azo-carob galactomannan. The nucleotide sequence of the pseudomonad insert from a mannanase-positive clone revealed a single open reading frame of 1257 bp encoding a protein of M(r) 46,938. The deduced N-terminal sequence of the putative polypeptide conformed to a typical prokaryotic signal peptide. Truncated derivatives of the mannanase, lacking 54 and 16 residues from the N- and C-terminus respectively of the mature form of the enzyme, did not exhibit catalytic activity. Inspection of the primary structure of the mannanase did not reveal any obvious linker sequences or protein motifs characteristic of the non-catalytic domains located in other Pseudomonas plant cell wall hydrolases. These data indicate that the mannanase is non-modulator, comprising a single catalytic domain. Comparison of the mannanase sequence with those in the SWISSPROT database revealed greatest sequence homology with the mannanase from Bacillus sp. Thus the Pseudomonas enzyme belongs to glycosyl hydrolase Family 26, a family containing mannanases and endoglucanases. Analysis of the substrate specificity of the mannanase showed that the enzyme hydrolysed mannan and galactomannan, but displayed little activity towards other polysaccharides located in the plant cell wall. The enzyme had a pH optimum of approx. 7.0, was resistant to proteolysis and had an M(r) of 46,000 when expressed by Escherichia coli.
Concise and Practical Synthesis of Latrunculin A by Ring‐Closing Enyne–Yne Metathesis (2005)

Selective actin-binding is the most prominent biochemical property of the scarce marine natural product latrunculin A (see formula). Modern metal-catalyzed CC bond-formation reactions, including a ring-closing enyne–yne metathesis (shown in red), now open a convenient, flexible, and productive entry to this important probe molecule for chemical biology.
Synthesis and crystal structures of three four-membered ring compounds containing PN2Ti skeletons (1989)

Depending on the reaction conditions, Ph2P(NSiMe3)[N(SiMe3)2]reacts with TiCl4 to form the titanadiazaphosphetidines Ph2P[µ-N(SiMe3)]2TiCl3MeCN (1) and Ph2P[µ-N(SiMe3)]2TiCl2,[NPPh2N(SiMe3)2](2). Compound (1) dimerises slowly in solution with elimination of Me3SiCl to yield a tricyclic system containing a central Ti2N2 ring (3). X-Ray analyses of these compounds show (1) and (3) to be monoclinic, space group P21/n, while (2) is triclinic, space group P. Compound (2) has a Ti–N–P angle of 170.3(7)° and a short exocyclic Ti–N bond of 179.2(9) pm.
Realistic protein–protein association rates from a simple diffusional model neglecting long‐range interactions, free energy barriers, and landscape ruggedness (2004)

We develop a simple but rigorous model of protein-protein association kinetics based on diffusional association on free energy landscapes obtained by sampling configurations within and surrounding the native complex binding funnels. Guided by results obtained on exactly solvable model problems, we transform the problem of diffusion in a potential into free diffusion in the presence of an absorbing zone spanning the entrance to the binding funnel. The free diffusion problem is solved using a recently derived analytic expression for the rate of association of asymmetrically oriented molecules. Despite the required high steric specificity and the absence of long-range attractive interactions, the computed rates are typically on the order of 10(4)-10(6) M(-1) sec(-1), several orders of magnitude higher than rates obtained using a purely probabilistic model in which the association rate for free diffusion of uniformly reactive molecules is multiplied by the probability of a correct alignment of the two partners in a random collision. As the association rates of many protein-protein complexes are also in the 10(5)-10(6) M(-1) sec(-1) range, our results suggest that free energy barriers arising from desolvation and/or side-chain freezing during complex formation or increased ruggedness within the binding funnel, which are completely neglected in our simple diffusional model, do not contribute significantly to the dynamics of protein-protein association. The transparent physical interpretation of our approach that computes association rates directly from the size and geometry of protein-protein binding funnels makes it a useful complement to Brownian dynamics simulations.
Atmospheric aerosol profiling with a bistatic imaging lidar system (2007)

Atmospheric aerosols have been profiled using a simple, imaging, bistatic lidar system. A vertical laser beam is imaged onto a charge-coupled-device camera from the ground to the zenith with a wide-angle lens (CLidar). The altitudes are derived geometrically from the position of the camera and laser with submeter resolution near the ground. The system requires no overlap correction needed in monostatic lidar systems and needs a much smaller dynamic range. Nighttime measurements of both molecular and aerosol scattering were made at Mauna Loa Observatory. The CLidar aerosol total scatter compares very well with a nephelometer measuring at 10 m above the ground. The results build on earlier work that compared purely molecular scattered light to theory, and detail instrument improvements.
The adaptation and sealing ability of light‐cured glass ionomer retrograde root fillings (1991)

The adaptation and sealing ability of a light-cured glass ionomer cement when used as a retrograde root filling was assessed using a confocal optical microscope with and without a fluorescent dye. This material was compared with a conventional glass ionomer cement and amalgam. The root canals of 60 extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared and filled with gutta-percha and sealer. All the teeth were apicected, retrograde cavities were prepared, and then divided into three groups of 20 teeth each and filled with the test materials. The light-cured glass ionomer cement was well adapted to the retrograde cavity and apicected root surface. Within the retrograde cavity the cement was often well adapted to one wall, but gaps were found on the opposite cavity wall. This was probably caused by the polymerization contraction of the material. In contrast, the amalgam retrograde root fillings were poorly adapted to the cavities, with gaps between the cavity walls and amalgam. This group exhibited the poorest sealing ability as measured by the extent of dye penetration. The conventional glass ionomer cement was often found smeared over the root face, and there were unfilled voids at the base of some retrograde cavities. The results of the dye leakage study were analysed statistically. The sealing ability of the light-cured glass ionomer cement was significantly better than that of amalgam (P less than 0.001). The dye penetration around the light-cured glass ionomer cement and the conventional glass ionomer cement was not significantly different (P greater than 0.05). However, the sealing ability of the conventional glass ionomer cement was significantly better than that of amalgam (P less than 0.05).
Retinoid Modulation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Proteins and Inhibition of Breast Carcinoma Proliferation* (1991)

Retinoids induce cellular differentiation and inhibit cellular proliferation. Proliferation of human breast carcinoma cells in vitro is markedly inhibited by these compounds. On the other hand, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their receptors seem to be involved in the growth of certain breast carcinoma cells by autocrine or paracrine effects. Since the effects of both IGF-I and IGF-II may be modulated by specific binding proteins (IGF-BPs) we examined the possibility that one mechanism by which retinoic acid may inhibit cancer growth is by an alteration in these BPs, thereby blocking IGF's growth effect. Retinoic acid (RA; 1 microM) completely blocked the effect of IGF-I (50 ng/ml) on enhancing proliferation of MCF-7 cells in culture. This effect of RA was not associated with any significant change in specific IGF-I-binding sites on these cells. RA induced a 3-fold increase in IGF-binding activity in conditioned medium, measured using a polyethylene glycol-immunoglobulin precipitation assay and a charcoal absorption assay. This increase was associated with the appearance of 42- and 46-kDa IGF-BPs on ligand blotting. The effect of RA on these IGF-BPs was time and concentration dependent. In contrast, during some experiments the 27- and 36-kDa BPs actually decreased. These findings support the hypothesis that RA may inhibit the growth of certain breast carcinoma cells by increasing the secretion of certain IGF-BPs, which could directly modulate the growth effect of IGFs.
Verbal and nonverbal fluency in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. (2001)

This study adds to the literature on the integrity of executive functions in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure, documenting fluency impairment in both verbal and nonverbal domains. It is important to note that these impairments were demonstrated in higher functioning alcohol-exposed children, both with and without FAS, and that diagnostic group explained such deficiencies above and beyond general intellectual ability.
Strength development and temperature rise in large concrete blocks containing high volumes of low-calcium (ASTM Class F) fly ash (1992)

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A novel cytochrome c peroxidase from Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a lipoprotein from a Gram-negative bacterium (2003)

A cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP) produced by Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been shown to have novel characteristics by investigating its location, expression and role in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and by expression in Escherichia coli. Analysis of the N-terminus of CCP indicated that it is a lipoprotein with a signal peptide for cleavage by signal peptidase II. Expression of the gonococcal CCP in E. coli revealed that it is first synthesized as a pro-apo-cytochrome that is translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane. The signal peptide is cleaved and haem is attached in the periplasm. The gonococcal CCP was associated with the membrane of both E. coli and N. gonorrhoeae. The expression of a MalE-CCP fusion protein has allowed characterization of CCP in vitro. Evidence is presented that CCP protects gonococci from hydrogen peroxide, presumably in the periplasmic compartment of the cell. The expression of CCP is dependent on the transcription factor FNR, but is repressed by nitrite, indicating that it could be most important in the stationary-phase response. These data support the hypothesis that the gonococcal lipoprotein CCP is anchored to the membrane in the periplasm, where it might be responsible for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. Other putative CCP lipoproteins have been identified, representing a new subclass of bacterial CCP proteins.
Selection and measurement of microsphere laser targets based on refraction (1976)

The hollow glass or plastic microspheres used as laser targets range in diameter from a few micrometers to several hundred micrometers and can be selected from batches of commercially available microspheres. Preliminary selection of the very few that appear satisfactory for further testing can be accomplished by a practical nondestructive technique based on their refractive properties; when they are transilluminated and viewed through a microscope focused upon the surface upon which they rest, deviations from sphericity and uniform wall thickness appear as deviations from the ideal pattern of a perfectly symmetrical bright circular disk surrounded by a black ring of uniform thickness; wall defects appear as anomalies in this pattern. The method is shown to be soundly based on optical principles and theory. A model of the illumination distribution, including intensity profiles of model microspheres with specified characteristics, is compared with the rigorous measurements necessary for final selection of laser targets. The ratio between the inside diameter of the black ring and the outside diameter of the microsphere is a function of wall thickness, which can be calculated accurately on this basis. The same relationship also permits determination of the density of DT gas in a gas-filled sphere or the thickness of a layer of solid DT on the inner surface. Either microspheres or their photographs can be rapidly scanned and digitized by a computer-controlled microdensitometer; data points can be recorded for 1-μm intervals in the X and Y directions and can be displayed as density contours, density profiles, or isometric density profiles. Another convenient instrument for viewing microspheres as well as for rigorous measurements is a color-isodensity television system with a microscope attachment.
Design of a therapeutic robotic companion for relational, affective touch (2006)

Much research has shown the positive health benefits of companion animals. Unfortunately these animals are not always available to patients due to allergies, risk of disease, or other reasons. Recently, this application domain has attracted attention of robotics researchers. The Huggable is a new type of robotic companion capable of active relational and affective touch-based interactions with a person. It features a high number of somatic sensors (electric field, temperature, and force) over the entire surface of the robot, underneath a soft silicons skin and fur fabric covering. This paper describes the design and early results in recognizing affective content of touch for this robot.
<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>‐activated dendritic cells induce protective immunityin mice (2000)

Activated dendritic cells are critically important in the priming of T-cell responses. In this report we show that the infection of a conditionally immortalized dendritic cell line (tsDC) with Mycobacterium tuberculosis resulted in the up-regulation of B7-1 and B7-2 co-stimulatory molecules and the induction of several inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, -1beta and -12. In addition, we show that these activated dendritic cells were capable of eliciting antigen-specific T-cell responses and potent anti-mycobacterial protective immunity in a murine model of experimental tuberculosis infection.
ESTERIFICATION OF HIGH FREE FATTY ACID CRUDE PALM KERNEL OIL AS FEEDSTOCK FOR BASE-CATALYZED TRANSESTERIFICATION REACTION (2013)

This paper is focusing on the need to use high free fatty acid (FFA) vegetable fats and oils in base-catalyzed transesterification reaction for the production of bio-diesel instead of the favored high-cost refined vegetable oils. In this work, gas chromatographic and titrimetric analyses were carried out to determine the average molecular weight of the fatty acids in the crude palm kernel oil (PKO) and the volume of base used to neutralize the FFA in the oil respectively. These parameters were used to calculate the percentage FFA content of the crude and esterified PKO. Esterification reaction was then carried out between the FFA and ethanol (99.5%v/v) in the presence of concentrated H2SO4 as catalyst at 75 o C within one hour reaction time. In a two-step esterification, the FFA content of the crude PKO was reduced from 7.2297% to 0.4806%, thereby meeting the required 1% maximum FFA content for vegetable fats and oils to be used in a base-catalyzed transesterification reaction. Thus, acid esterification is recommended as a method for treating oils with high FFA content, prior to base-catalyzed transesterification for the production of bio-diesel.
New class H insulation for rotating equipment (2003)

A physically tough hybrid inorganic/organic paper is being used as high-temperature electrical insulation in class 180(H) transformers. As a laminate with polyester film, this same hybrid paper material can also be used as slot and wedge insulation for rotating equipment. Background on the high-temperature paper, a hybrid composed or inorganic materials reinforced by a combination of organic materials, is presented, including data on the thermal aging characteristics of the paper. Electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the composite lamination are compared to those of other flexible electrical insulation materials. Practical application information pertaining to the laminate is also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hommage au professeur Léon Herrmann (1955)

Allocution prononcée au déjeuner de la Première Journée d'Etudes Classiques par M. le Professeur Maurice Leroy, Vice-Président de la Faculté de Philosophie et Lettres