gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Challenges in Implementing an EOR Project in the Pre-Salt Province in Deep Offshore Brasil (2012)

Abstract Carbonate reservoirs contain expressive part of the world oil reserves. The exploitation of these resources, however, presents several challenges mainly associated with their complex pore geometry, large scale variation in permeability and sometimes unfavorable wettability. These challenges can become more significant when we move to a deep offshore environment. As off-shore projects need to be planned well in advance, due to the lack of room in the platforms for future expansion, the pioneer application of EOR methods needs to be considered from the conceptual stage of the development. This paper addresses the approach used to design the development basis for Lula field, formerly known as Tupi area, in the Pre-Salt Cluster (SBPSC) in Santos Basin, offshore Brazil. It focuses on the strategy of phased development, dynamic data acquisition and actions to add flexibility to the production system and how to manage uncertainties. A comprehensive analysis of the existing uncertainties, such as the reservoir characterization, early water and gas breakthrough, bypassed oil saturation, flow assurance in deep water flowlines and CaCO3 scale possibility in production wells, favored a phased development concept aiming to mitigate risks. The approach used to cope with these uncertainties in a Pilot Project as well as in the future development scenarios is presented. Most of the discussion is focused on how to consider feasible Enhanced Oil Recovery techniques through Pilot testing and future implementation in large scale in the field. It comprises the investigation of different recovery processes and first field results, including miscible processes using hydrocarbon gas and CO2. To optimize the oil displacement, a water alternating gas (WAG) injection process is also being designed. After one and a half year of extended well test production and the implementation of the first Pilot project in January, 2011, results confirm the decision of providing additional flexibility to the project. Dynamic appraisal proved essential to assess reservoir connectivity, evaluate stimulation methods, support reservoir characterization studies and define aspects related to flow in subsea lines. The first results of the injection of the CO2 stream, separated from the associated gas in the Pilot project, indicate that the chosen strategy has potential to be a successful one. The continuing production and pressure data monitoring of the WAG implementation in the Pilot, from 2012 on, will provide a more definitive conclusion about the feasibility. Good responses will translate in the EOR expansion to field scale.
Oil and Gas: Into the Cloud? (2011)

Management Anyone who has watched television lately has seen commercials about amazing things being accomplished in the “cloud.” Advertisements are focused on what the typical consumer can do, such as sharing and editing photos, but benefits of the cloud—lower information technology (IT) costs, less complexity, and speed to launch—have been touted for business as well. The oil and gas industry has been on the forefront of adopting emerging technologies such as high-performance computing. The industry is knowledge intensive and is even experimenting with social networking. The question is whether the industry, given its global nature, need for security, and existing legacy infrastructure, will take to the cloud. IDC Energy Insights defines cloud services as business and consumer products, services, and solutions delivered and consumed in real time over the Internet. The public cloud is a deployment model where the cloud is open to a largely unrestricted universe of potential users. In fact, the public cloud has been a part of the IT landscape for several years, mainly in the form of software as a service. A good example is salesforce. com, which is designed for specific purposes, but not for a single enterprise. Public cloud includes but goes beyond software as a service to IT infrastructure or platform as a service. The private cloud is designed for restricted access to a single enterprise (or extended enterprise). A hybrid cloud combines a private cloud with the use of public cloud, especially when internal private cloud resources are strained. Fig. 1 displays the key attributes of the cloud. The cloud services model, by leveraging all eight of these attributes together, makes business and consumer cloud services easier and cheaper—and often better—to consume than through traditional delivery modes. These attributes are lower costs (for customers and suppliers), speed and simplification of access, speed and fine-tuning provisioning (in line with true demand/usage), greatly increasing the number and variety of available services (thanks to lower development and deployment costs and standards), and improving the potential to integrate. Despite the popularity of the cloud in some applications, cloud computing has still not aggressively penetrated the oil and gas industry relative to the pace of adoption in other industries. According to IDC’s 2010 Vertical Group Survey, 10.3% of oil and gas companies are currently using or implementing cloud computing and 7% have cloud computing on their technology road map (Fig. 2). Forty-two percent of the companies that said they would use the cloud in 2010 were spending less than 5% of their IT budget on cloud.
Cognitive Spectrum Access for Underwater Acoustic Communications (2008)

While very successful in traditional radio communications, the usage of TDMA and CSMA schemes for underwater acoustic communications is severely limited in efficiency and scalability, primarily due to the very large propagation delays. FDMA seems a viable alternative in that the propagation delay does not impact significantly its efficiency. However, in underwater communications, the capacity achievable on a particular channel depends strongly both on its frequency and on the communication distance, unlike in traditional radio transmissions where FDMA channels usually have comparable performance. Therefore, fixed channel allocation schemes traditionally used for radio FDMA do not perform well in underwater communications. In this paper, we investigate the application of the principles of cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum access to underwater communications. In particular, we propose a channel allocation scheme which exploits user location knowledge in order to maximize the minimum channel capacity among those achieved by the users. This provides maximum fairness and makes a more efficient use of the available spectrum resources. Performance evaluation carried out by means of simulation shows that our approach can achieve a great improvement in fairness among users, with respect to fixed allocation schemes, while at the same time scaling much better and thus allowing effective communications over larger distances.
Overview of Cell‐Free Protein Synthesis: Historic Landmarks, Commercial Systems, and Expanding Applications (2014)

During the early days of molecular biology, cell-free protein synthesis played an essential role in deciphering the genetic code and contributed to our understanding of translation of protein from messenger RNA. Owing to several decades of major and incremental improvements, modern cell-free systems have achieved higher protein synthesis yields at lower production costs. Commercial cell-free systems are now available from a variety of material sources, ranging from "traditional" E. coli, rabbit reticulocyte lysate, and wheat germ extracts, to recent insect and human cell extracts, to defined systems reconstituted from purified recombinant components. Although each cell-free system has certain advantages and disadvantages, the diversity of the cell-free systems allows in vitro synthesis of a wide range of proteins for a variety of downstream applications. In the post-genomic era, cell-free protein synthesis has rapidly become the preferred approach for high-throughput functional and structural studies of proteins and a versatile tool for in vitro protein evolution and synthetic biology. This unit provides a brief history of cell-free protein synthesis and describes key advances in modern cell-free systems, practical differences between widely used commercial cell-free systems, and applications of this important technology.
A Fast Frame-Accurate H. 264/MPEG-4 AVC Editing Method (2005)

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC has become widely used in various applications and services because of its high coding efficiency. With the spread of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC contents, it has been strongly required to edit the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC coded contents with less computational complexity since the compression of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC requires far more processing power than other existing formats such as MPEG-4, MPEG-2. In this paper, we propose a fast frame-accurate editing method for H.264/MPEG-4 AVC contents. In the proposed method, we employed "adaptive bit allocation and GOP-length modification" and "Re-quantization scheme with drift noise management" The proposed editing method can realize frame-accurate cut and splice editing regardless of picture coding types I, P, and B. In the experiment, we could also confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of processing power and the picture quality of the edited contents when compared with conventional editing
Learning statistical models from relational data (2011)

Statistical Relational Learning (SRL) is a subarea of machine learning which combines elements from statistical and probabilistic modeling with languages which support structured data representations. In this survey, we will: 1) provide an introduction to SRL, 2) describe some of the distinguishing characteristics of SRL systems, including relational feature construction and collective classification, 3) describe three SRL systems in detail, 4) discuss applications of SRL techniques to important data management problems such as entity resolution, selectivity estimation, and information integration, and 5) discuss connections between SRL methods and existing database research such as probabilistic databases.
A Practical Framework of Conversion Rate Prediction for Online Display Advertising (2017)

Cost-per-action (CPA), or cost-per-acquisition, has become the primary campaign performance objective in online advertising industry. As a result, accurate conversion rate (CVR) prediction is crucial for any real-time bidding (RTB) platform. However, CVR prediction is quite challenging due to several factors, including extremely sparse conversions, delayed feedback, attribution gaps between the platform and the third party, etc. In order to tackle these challenges, we proposed a practical framework that has been successfully deployed on Yahoo! BrightRoll, one of the largest RTB ad buying platforms. In this paper, we first show that over-prediction and the resulted over-bidding are fundamental challenges for CPA campaigns in a real RTB environment. We then propose a safe prediction framework with conversion attribution adjustment to handle over-predictions and to further alleviate over-bidding at different levels. At last, we illustrate both offline and online experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework.
Frequency dependence of Na,K-ATPase function in magnetic fields (1997)

The mobile charge interaction (MCI) model of signal transduction in electromagnetic fields was developed to explain how electric and magnetic field affects on Na,K-ATPase are closely linked to the activation, a property of the enzyme that determines its ability to function in the absence of an external field. The MCI model predicts that the frequency dependence of Na,K-ATPase function in magnetic fields should be comparable with the previously determined dependence in electric fields, and we have determined the magnetic field dependence in the range 1–3000 Hz. In the range 3–3000 Hz, the frequency dependence of the small (∼ 5–10%) effect appears to be similar to the dependence in electric fields. This is also true of 1 Hz fields (and in some experiments with DC fields), where there is no effect of magnetic field on enzyme function. The frequency dependence appears to be smaller than the dependence on the level of Na,K-ATPase activation, especially at low levels of activation. These results are consistent with the MCI model, where an interaction with either an electric or a magnetic field alone depends upon the same charge transfer processes within the enzyme.
A Method of Multiobjective Genetic Algorithms (2002)

Multiple Coding Genetic Algorithm (MCGA) is proposed as a multi-objective GA method, in which each individual specializes on one of many objectives and has a different decoding according each objective. The proposed method is applied to 2-objective knapsack problems and 2-objective flowshop scheduling problem, and its performance is compared with the ordinal parallel selection. In the application to knapsack problems, the data sets with different correlation coefficients are generated in a systematic way to control the distribution of a Pareto set. Quantitative evaluations of the obtained solutions are given by relative accuracy, cover ratio, diversity and the number of acquired solutions. In the application to flowshop scheduling, heuristic decoding methods are proposed for each objective. Simulation result shows that the proposed method is effective to obtain diverse solutions especially in the problem with a large Pareto set, which results either from a statistical character of a given problem, or from a largeness of a problem scale, or from a high dimensionality of a solution space.
SecondSite (2012)

This paper describes the design and implementation of SecondSite, a cloud-based service for disaster tolerance. SecondSite extends the Remus virtualization-based high availability system by allowing groups of virtual machines to be replicated across data centers over wide-area Internet links. The goal of the system is to commodify the property of availability, exposing it as a simple tick box when configuring a new virtual machine. To achieve this in the wide area, we have had to tackle the related issues of replication traffic bandwidth, reliable failure detection across geographic regions and traffic redirection over a wide-area network without compromising on transparency and consistency.
The Ultimate Infernal Machine: The Atomic Bomb and Contemporary French Avantgarde Theatre (1985)

(1985). The Ultimate Infernal Machine: The Atomic Bomb and Contemporary French Avantgarde Theatre. Romance Studies: Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 110-127.
Synthesis and Structures of (<i>S</i>)- and (<i>r</i>)-2-[3-Cyano-4-(2-Thienyl)-5,6,7, 8-Tetrahydroquinolin-2-Ylsulfanyl]-3-Methyl-<i>N</i>-Phenylbutyramide (2006)

( S)- and ( R)-2-[3-cyano-4-(2-thienyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-2-ylsulfanyl]- N-phenyl-3-methylbutyramide (1a and 1b) were prepared from 2-thiophenaldehyde and D- and L-valines, respectively, and their crystal structures were elucidated by X-ray crystallography.
Evaluation of the Potential Biological Effects of the 60-GHz Millimeter Waves Upon Human Cells (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We investigate potential biological effects of low-power millimeter-wave radiation on human cell viability and intracellular protein homeostasis. A specific exposure system allowing to perform far-field exposures with power densities close to those expected from the future wireless communications in the 60-GHz band has been developed and characterized. Specific absorption rate (SAR) values were determined for the biosamples under test using the FDTD method. It was shown that millimeter-wave radiation at 60.42 GHz and with a maximum incident power density of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$1~{\hbox{mW/cm}}^{2}$</tex></formula> does not alter cell viability, gene expression, and protein conformation. </para>
Learned motion matching (2020)

In this paper we present a learned alternative to the Motion Matching algorithm which retains the positive properties of Motion Matching but additionally achieves the scalability of neural-network-based generative models. Although neural-network-based generative models for character animation are capable of learning expressive, compact controllers from vast amounts of animation data, methods such as Motion Matching still remain a popular choice in the games industry due to their flexibility, predictability, low preprocessing time, and visual quality - all properties which can sometimes be difficult to achieve with neural-network-based methods. Yet, unlike neural networks, the memory usage of such methods generally scales linearly with the amount of data used, resulting in a constant trade-off between the diversity of animation which can be produced and real world production budgets. In this work we combine the benefits of both approaches and, by breaking down the Motion Matching algorithm into its individual steps, show how learned, scalable alternatives can be used to replace each operation in turn. Our final model has no need to store animation data or additional matching meta-data in memory, meaning it scales as well as existing generative models. At the same time, we preserve the behavior of Motion Matching, retaining the quality, control, and quick iteration time which are so important in the industry.
Identification of the Organism and Some Conditions of Peptidoglutaminase Formation (1973)

Journal Article Identification of the Organism and Some Conditions of Peptidoglutaminase Formation Get access Mamoru Kikuchi, Mamoru Kikuchi Noda Institute for Scientific Research, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kenji Sakagochi Kenji Sakagochi Noda Institute for Scientific Research, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken, Japan Present address: Mitsubishi-Kasei Institute of Life Science, c/o Mitsubishi Chemical Industry, Limited, Marunouchi, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 37, Issue 4, 1 April 1973, Pages 719–724, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1973.10860754 Published: 01 April 1973 Article history Received: 31 May 1972 Published: 01 April 1973
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles - Enhanced Blowfish algorithm using bitmap image pixel plotting for security improvisation (2010)

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles<br><br>"Enhanced Blowfish algorithm using bitmap image pixel plotting for security improvisation"<br> by Nirmala Palaniswamy, Dipesh Dugar, Dinesh Kumar Jain, Raaja Sarabhoje<br> in the 2010 2nd International Conference on Education Technology and Computer (ICETC), 2010, pp. V1-533 - V1-538<br><br> After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles.<br><br> This paper contains significant portions of original text from the paper cited below. The original text was copied with insufficient attribution (including appropriate references to the original author(s) and/or paper title) and without permission.<br><br> Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper, and future references should be made to the following article:<br><br> "Description of a New Variable-Length Key, 64-Bit Block Cipher (Blowfish)"<br> by B. Schneier<br> in the Fast Software Encryption, Cambridge Security Workshop Proceedings (December 1993), Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 191 - 204<br><br> <br/> An enhanced Blowfish algorithm, a new secret-key block cipher is proposed in this work. It is a Feistel network, iterating a simple encryption function 16 times. The block size is 64 bits, and the key can be any length up to 448 bits. Although there is a complex initialization phase required before the encryption can take place, the actual encryption of data is very efficient on large microprocessors. DES, the workhorse encryption algorithm for the past fifteen years, is nearing the end of its useful life. Its 56-bit key size is vulnerable to a brute-force attack, and recent advances in differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis indicate that DES is vulnerable to other attacks as well. GOST, a Soviet government algorithm, is specified without the S-boxes. The cryptographic community needs to provide the world with a new encryption standard. The U.S. government is moving towards secret algorithms, such as the Skipjack algorithm in the Clipper and Capstone chips. If the world is to have a secure, unpatented, and freely- available encryption algorithm by the turn of the century, we need to develop several candidate encryption algorithms now. By using this algorithm, 64 bit data can be encrypted into RGB values and plotted as a pixel in a bitmap image. Thus the security of blowfish algorithm is enhanced by using water marking technology.
The Reaction of Primary Nitro Compounds with Dipolarophiles in the Presence of <i>p</i>-Toluenesulfonic Acid (1984)

Abstract 3-Substituted 2-isoxazolines or isoxazoles were obtained from the reaction of primary nitro compounds [methyl nitroacetate, 2-nitro-1-phenylethanone, (nitromethyl)benzene, 1-nitropropane, and (phenylsulfonyl)nitromethane] with dipolarophiles in refluxing mesitylene in the presence of a small amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid. The formation of these products can be explained in terms of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxide generated by a dehydration of the primary nitro compounds. On the other hand, 4,5-decamethylene-3-phenylsulfonyl-2-isoxazoline N-oxide was obtained from a similar reaction of (phenylsulfonyl)nitromethane with cyclododecene. The formation of the isoxazoline N-oxide can be explained on the basis of the intermediacy of 3,4-bis(phenylsulfonyl)furazan 2-oxide.
Design and Analysis of Stacked Power Amplifier in Series-Input and Series-Output Configuration (2007)

The stacked-device power-combining technique is a proven method to increase the output power and load impedance of a power amplifier (PA) simultaneously. The series-input configuration is physically realizable for multicell stacked device configuration in monolithic circuits. The series-input and series-output stack configuration is rigorously analyzed and proven to increase both the input impedance and output impedance simultaneously, easing the matching circuit designs in high PAs. The effects of asymmetry of the input feed and amplifier cells due to distributed effects and process variation on the performance of the stack amplifier are discussed. A four-cell HBT amplifier operating at 5-6 GHz is demonstrated to validate the circuit concept.