gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum and urinary cytokine levels of SLE patients. (2012)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, relapsing, polysystemic autoimmune disease with various clinical signs. The prognosis of SLE patients is influenced by neuropsychiatric and renal involvement. Lupus nephritis (LN) is present in 40-60% of patients. Classical laboratory parameters are not sensitive and specific in prediction renal flares, over the last few years there has been a growing interest in searching novel lupus biomarkers predicting future flares. Our goal was to detect serum and urinary level of cytokines in 36 patients with lupus nephritis (34 female and 2 male, mean age: 43.36 +/- 11.53 years), 23 patients with SLE without renal involvement (19 women and 4 men, mean age: 54 +/- 8.71) (both groups followed by the 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Debrecen) and 30 healthy controls (23 female and 7 male, mean age: 45.5 +/- 12.4). Serum IL-1 (interleukin), IL-2 (both p < 0.05), IL-6, IL-13 and IFN-gamma (p < 0.001) levels were significantly higher in lupus nephritis patients, as compared to patients with SLE without renal involvement and healthy controls. Urinary level of IL-1 and TNF-alpha were significantly higher in SLE patients without renal disease (p = 0.012 and p < 0.001), while urinary IFN-gamma was significantly higher in LN patients (p = 0.002). Measurement of IL-6 level in SLE patients could help to predict future renal involvement of SLE patients.
Non‐thermal Nanoelectroablation of UV‐induced Murine Melanomas Stimulates an Immune Response (2012)

Non-thermal nanoelectroablation therapy completely ablates UV-induced murine melanomas. C57/BL6-HGF/SF transgenic mice were exposed to UV radiation as pups and began to develop visible melanomas 5-6 months later. We have treated 27 of these melanomas in 14 mice with nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) therapy delivering 2000 electric pulses each 100 ns long and 30 kV/cm at a rate of 5-7 pulses per second. All nanoelectroablated melanoma tumors began to shrink within a day after treatment and gradually disappeared over a period of 12-29 days. Pyknosis of nuclei was evident within 1 h of nsPEF treatment, and DNA fragmentation as detected by TUNEL staining was evident by 6 h after nsPEF treatment. In a melanoma allograft system, nsPEF treatment was superior to tumor excision at accelerating secondary tumor rejection in immune-competent mice, suggesting enhanced stimulation of a protective immune response by nsPEF-treated melanomas. This is supported by the presence of CD4(+) -T cells within treated tumors as well as within untreated tumors located in mice with other melanomas that had been treated with nanoelectroablation at least 19 days earlier.
Material Aspects of the Design and Operation of Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells (2006)

Abstract The direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) has attracted increasing interest as a potential high power source for mobile and portable applications. Engineering design plays an important role in the development of the DBFC. This paper reports data for the selection of anode, cathode, and membrane materials for the DBFC. The best DBFC performance is achieved with a Au anode, a Pt cathode, and a 3541P ion exchange membrane. The use of non‐precious catalysts, e.g., Ag, leads to promising results.
Photoconductive semiconductor switches for firing sets and electro-optic modulators (2002)

Optically activated GaAs switches operated in their high gain mode are being used or tested for pulsed power applications as diverse as low impedance, high current pulsers, and high impedance, low current Pockels cell or Q switch drivers. These are important to firing sets in munitions, lasers used in detonation of munitions, and lasers used in large weapons effects simulators (such as Jupiter). For firing sets we have switched 2.8 kA at 3 kV DC charge in a very compact package. For driving Q switches, the load is the small (30 pF) capacitance of the Q switch which is charged to 6 kV. We have demonstrated that we can modulate a laser beam with a sub ns risetime. Some aspects of the switches that are relevant to most of these applications are lifetime (longevity), leakage resistance, jitter, and trigger energy. This paper describes the specific project requirements and switch parameters in all of these applications, and emphasize the switch research and development that is being pursued to address the important issues.
Latent heat transfer: an introduction to fundamentals (1995)

Thermodynamics The dynamics of heterogeneous fluids Solidification and fluidification Condensation Evaporation Direct contact processes Worked examples.
Order and disorder in calcium–silicate–hydrate (2014)

Despite advances in the characterization and modeling of cement hydrates, the atomic order in Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (C-S-H), the binding phase of cement, remains an open question. Indeed, in contrast to the former crystalline model, recent molecular models suggest that the nanoscale structure of C-S-H is amorphous. To elucidate this issue, we analyzed the structure of a realistic simulated model of C-S-H, and compared the latter to crystalline tobermorite, a natural analogue of C-S-H, and to an artificial ideal glass. The results clearly indicate that C-S-H appears as amorphous, when averaged on all atoms. However, an analysis of the order around each atomic species reveals that its structure shows an intermediate degree of order, retaining some characteristics of the crystal while acquiring an overall glass-like disorder. Thanks to a detailed quantification of order and disorder, we show that, while C-S-H retains some signatures of a tobermorite-like layered structure, hydrated species are completely amorphous.
Single-Cylinder Engine Tests of a Motor-Driven, Variable-Valve Actuator (2001)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A novel mechanism concept for a fully flexible, motor-driven, cam-actuated engine valve was reported in [<span class="xref">1</span>]. It is capable of i) variable valve timing, ii) variable lift and iii) individual valve phasing control. To check the validity of the concept in real engine environment, engine tests were performed using a single-cylinder of a modified six-cylinder 3.8-liter production engine, with the new motor-driven mechanisms replacing both valves. Firing tests of this engine, with equivalent valve profiles to the production profiles, yielded similar fuel consumption, lower NOx emissions but higher IMEP COV and HC emissions. Motoring tests demonstrated variable timing capability, low cycle-to-cycle valve lift-profile variation as well as low seating velocity and noise. Lessons learned from testing the system in a real engine environment are discussed in details and suggestions for future variable-valve actuation concepts' requirements are offered.</div>
Robust regularized ZF in decentralized Broadcast Channel with correlated CSI noise (2015)

We consider in this work the Distributed Channel State Information (DCSI) Broadcast Channel (BC) setting, in which the various Transmitters (TXs) compute elements of the precoder based on their individual estimates of the global multiuser channel matrix. Previous works relative to the DCSI setting assume the estimation errors at different TXs to be uncorrelated, while we consider in contrast in this work that the CSI noises can be correlated. This generalization bridges the gap between the fully distributed and the centralized setting, and offers an avenue to analyze partially centralized networks. In addition, we generalize the regularized Zero Forcing (ZF) precoding by letting each TX use a different regularization coefficient. Building upon random matrix theory tools, we obtain a deterministic equivalent for the rate achieved in the large system limit from which we can optimize the regularization coefficients at different TXs. This extended precoding scheme in which each TX applies the optimal regularization coefficient is denoted as “DCSI Regularized ZF” and we show by numerical simulations that it allows to significantly reduce the negative impact of the distributed CSI configuration and is robust to the distribution of CSI quality level across all TXs.
Wearable low-power wireless lung sound detection enhanced by resonant transducer array for pre-filtered signal acquisition (2017)

This paper reports the implementation and evaluation of an array-based recognition system for medical wheezing detection. We describe the design and fabrication of a microphone array for pre-filtered acoustic signal acquisition. The use of a sensor-array at the input simplifies several of the required digital processing steps necessary for performing spectral filtering and wheezing recognition. The recognizer is evaluated and compared against a traditional approach, and the experimental results show that recognition processing duration and power consumption can be reduced by 94.5%. The results also indicate a potential for improved recognition accuracy with the array-based approach in environments with large levels of acoustic noise. The data suggests that this technique has potential for enabling very low-power (2.3 mW) self-powered wireless and wearable wheezing detection systems.
A New Subdomain Method for Performances Computation in Interior Permanent-Magnet (IPM) Machines (2020)

In this research work, an improved two-dimensional semi-analytical subdomain based method for performance computation in IPM machine considering infinite-/finite-magnetic material permeability in pseudo-Cartesian coordinates by using hyperbolic functions has been presented. In the developed technique, all subdomains are divided into periodic or non-periodic regions with homogeneous or non-homogeneous boundary conditions (BCs), respectively. Taking into account the appropriate interfaces conditions in the presented coordinates system, the machine performances including magnetic flux density, cogging/electromagnetic torque, back-EMF, and self-/mutual induction have been calculated for three distinct values of soft-magnetic material relative permeability (viz, 200, 800 and ∞). The semi-analytical results are compared and confirmed by the FEA results.
Phase 1 Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Vaborbactam and Meropenem Alone and in Combination following Single and Multiple Doses in Healthy Adult Subjects (2018)

Meropenem-vaborbactam is a fixed combination of the novel β-lactamase inhibitor vaborbactam and the carbapenem antibiotic meropenem, developed for the treatment of serious infections caused by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of vaborbactam and meropenem following single and multiple ascending doses of each study drug administered alone or combined were evaluated in 76 healthy adult subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Subjects were enrolled in 1 of 5 dose cohorts (receiving 250 to 2,000 mg vaborbactam and/or 1,000 to 2,000 mg meropenem) alone or in combination. No subjects discontinued the study due to adverse events (AEs), and no serious AEs were observed. The pharmacokinetics of meropenem and vaborbactam were similar when given alone or in combination; all evaluated plasma PK exposure measures (peak plasma concentration, area under the plasma concentration-time curve [AUC] from time zero to the last measurable concentration area under the plasma concentration-time curve, and AUC from time zero to infinity) were similar for the study drugs alone versus those in combination, indicating no pharmacokinetic interaction between meropenem and vaborbactam. Across all treatments, 47 to 64% of an administered meropenem dose and 75 to 95% of vaborbactam was excreted unchanged in the urine over 48 h postdose. Meropenem and vaborbactam, when given alone or in combination, have similar pharmacokinetic properties, with no plasma or urine PK drug-drug interactions, and are well tolerated. These findings supported further clinical investigation of the combination product. (This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01897779.).
Characterization of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> deficient in expression of phospholipase D (1996)

A gene encoding phospholipase D (PLD) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was identified. The 195 kDa product of PLD1 has 24% overall sequence identity with a plant PLD. Expression of yeast PLD activity was eliminated by one-step gene disruption. Yeast haploids lacking PLD activity were deficient in growth on non-fermentable carbon sources. Diploids lacking expression of PLD1 were unable to sporulate.
Cleavage of the N-Linked Oligosaccharide from the Surfaces of <i>Chlamydia</i> Species Affects Attachment and Infectivity of the Organisms in Human Epithelial and Endothelial Cells (2004)

Previous studies demonstrated that the high-mannose oligosaccharide N linked to the Chlamydia major outer membrane protein inhibited the attachment and infectivity of the organism. The present study showed that cleavage of the glycan with N-glycanase decreased the attachment and infectivity of chlamydial organisms in human epithelial and endothelial cells.
Low Density Nanocellular Polymers Based on PMMA Produced by Gas Dissolution Foaming: Fabrication and Cellular Structure Characterization (2016)

This paper describes the processing conditions needed to produce low density nanocellular polymers based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with relative densities between 0.45 and 0.25, cell sizes between 200 and 250 nm and cell densities higher than 10<sup>14</sup> cells/cm³. To produce these nanocellular polymers, the foaming parameters of the gas dissolution foaming technique using CO₂ as blowing agent have been optimized. Taking into account previous works, the amount of CO₂ uptake was maintained constant (31% by weight) for all the materials. Foaming parameters were modified between 40 °C and 110 °C for the foaming temperature and from 1 to 5 min for the foaming time. Foaming temperatures in the range of 80 to 100 °C and foaming times of 2 min allow for production of nanocellular polymers with relative densities as low as 0.25. Cellular structure has been studied in-depth to obtain the processing-cellular structure relationship. In addition, it has been proved that the glass transition temperature depends on the cellular structure. This effect is associated with a confinement of the polymer in the cell walls, and is one of the key reasons for the improved properties of nanocellular polymers.
Improved sensitivity to overlapping multiplet signals in <i>in vivo</i> proton spectroscopy using a multiecho volume selective (CPRESS) experiment (1997)

Abstract A method for volume selective proton spectroscopy is presented based on a multiecho sequence with short refocusing interval tcp. It is demonstrated, that by appropriate choice of tcp on the order of 4–6 ms, signals from overlapping multiplets like the glutamine and glutamate (Glu/Gln) resonances in spectra of the human brain are considerably increased compared with a conventional PRESS volume selection scheme. Thus proton spectra from J ‐coupled multiplet signals can be acquired with TE on the order of 20–30 ms avoiding the baseline problems arising at shorter echo times due to broad resonances. This allows to selectively acquire spectra from substances with longer T 2 without the confounding effects from J ‐coupling occurring in conventional volume selection techniques.
Failure of the Nemo Trial: Bumetanide Is a Promising Agent to Treat Many Brain Disorders but Not Newborn Seizures (2016)

The diuretic bumetanide failed to treat acute seizures due to hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborn babies and was associated with hearing loss (NEMO trial, Pressler et al., 2015). On the other hand, clinical and experimental observations suggest that the diuretic might provide novel therapy for many brain disorders including Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), schizophrenia, Rett syndrome, and Parkinson disease. Here, we discuss the differences between the pathophysiology of severe recurrent seizures in the neonates and neurological and psychiatric disorders stressing the uniqueness of severe seizures in newborn in comparison to other disorders.
Vibration immunity for optical-fibre current measurement (1994)

Optical-fibre current measurement, based on the Faraday magneto-optic effect, offers important advantages for use on electric power systems, owing to its potential for greatly increased bandwidth, reduction of insulation problems, lack of hysteresis and low cost [1,2].
Automatic recognition of province name on the license plate of moving vehicle (2003)

Considering that the characters on the license plate of a moving vehicle may be severely blurred, a method is proposed of recognizing province name on a license plate. Using the projection histogram of Chinese characters, the appropriate feature value is extracted, the fuzzy matching and dynamic program is applied, and the 29 province names of China are correctly classified. The simulation results show that this method has strong noise-resistance and a high processing speed. The recognition rate is more than 90% for the blurred characters, and the recognition time is less than one second.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The distance geometry of Deep rhythms and scales (2005)

We characterize which sets of k points chosen from n points spaced evenly around a circle have the property that, for each i = 1, 2,..., k- 1, there is a nonzero distance along the circle that occurs as the distance between exactly i pairs from the set of k points.Such a set can be interpreted as the set of onsets in a rhythm of period n, or as the set of pitches in a scale of n tones, in which case the property states that, for each i = 1, 2,..., k- 1, there is a nonzero time [tone]interval that appears as the temporal [pitch] distance between exactly i pairs of onsets [pitches]. Rhythms with this property are called Erdős-deep. The problem is a discrete, one-dimensional (circular) analog to an unsolved problem posed by Erdős in the plane. \n
O Poder Judiciário em Rondônia (2012)

O presente artigo faz algumas anotações sobre a presença da Justiça em Rondônia. As fontes utilizadas são os documentos existentes no acervo da instituição. Essa memória é marcada pelas fases da história regional dividida em três momentos distintos: o da construção da Estrada de Ferro Madeira Mamoré; o da criação do território Federal do Guaporé e o da transformação do Território no Estado de Rondônia, criando três períodos políticos e geograficamente distintos, que marcam a história do lugar e a presença da Justiça na região.
Survival and Wound Contraction of Full-Thickness Skin Grafts are Associated With the Degree of Tissue Edema of the Graft Bed in Immediate Excision and Early Wound Excision and Grafting in a Rabbit Model (2007)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the survival of skin grafts on graft beds of immediate excision and early wound excision at various time periods after burns and to establish the appropriate timing of burn excision and grafting in a rabbit model. Eight groups of male Japanese white rabbits (n = 5 per group) were established. Animals of all groups were given a 5 x 10-cm full-thickness burn on their shaved back and received the autografting 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, and 72 hours and 5 days after receiving burns, respectively. Weekly skin-graft evaluation was performed for 5 weeks after grafting by measurement of the secondary skin graft contracture (in size) and the survival area of grafts, with use of computerized planimetry. In addition, relative quantitative analysis of exudation on the burned wound was evaluated. Our results indicated that the exudate-related graft loss and graft contracture varied according to the timing of wound excision. The wound contractures of the grafts were maximal in both the 18-hour and 24-hour groups at 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks after grafting. The 18-hour and 24-hour groups exhibited significantly greater graft loss than the 72-hour and 5-day groups (P < .05). An apparent increase in the amount of exudation on the graft bed was shown in the 18- and 24-hour groups vs the other groups (P < .05). A reverse correlation was detected between the survival area of the skin graft and the degree of exudation of the graft bed. In conclusion, the survival area and secondary contraction of skin grafts are associated with the degree of tissue edema of the graft bed in immediate excision and early excision in the rabbit model. The adverse affect of edema leakage on the graft bed for skin graft survival was shown. We believe that immediate excision or early wound excision and grafting performed within 12 hours after burn or 48 hours later should be considered in the rabbit model.
Imaging of experimental arterial thrombi with iodine-131-labeled fibrin-specific monoclonal antibody. (1989)

The applicability of anti-fibrin monoclonal antibody in detecting intra-circulatory blood clots was studied in 17 dogs in two groups: 13 dogs in the study group and 4 dogs in the control group. In the study group, dogs were punctured at the femoral artery and a thrombogenic coil was injected percutaneously to the iliac artery to induce blood clot. After 30 minutes, a dose of I-131 labeled anti-fibrin monoclonal antibody-3E6 (84-280 microCi) was injected intravenously. The dogs were imaged with a scinticamera at 6, 24 and 48 hours after antibody injection. In the control group, 3 dogs were studied with the same procedure but the I-131 labeled anti-fibrin monoclonal antibody was replaced with an I-131 labeled irrelevant monoclonal antibody. The remaining 1 dog for control was punctured and was injected with I-131 labeled anti-fibrin monoclonal antibody but no coil injection was performed. In the study group, 11 out of 13 dogs (85%) showed clot visualization at either 6 hours (4 dogs) or 24 hours (7 dogs) after anti-fibrin monoclonal antibody injection. There was no false positive results for the 4 dogs in the control group. Our studies showed that radiolabeled anti-fibrin monoclonal antibody may be a potential tool for noninvasive detection of intravascular blood clots.
Electronic structure of defects and impurities in III-V nitrides: Vacancies in cubic boron nitride (1996)

The electronic structures of boron and nitrogen vacancies in cubic boron nitride (BN) are investigated using the full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave, full-potential linear-muffin-tin-orbital, and linear-muffin-tin-orbital--tight-binding approaches. All the methods give quantitatively consistent results on ideal cubic BN that are also compared with previous calculations. Using a 64-atom supercell, we have examined the electronic states of boron and nitrogen vacancies. Lattice relaxation around the vacancies is not considered. Both boron and nitrogen defect states appear to form well-defined narrow bands in the forbidden gap of c-BN. The ones for boron vacancy are located near the top of the valence band and are partially occupied. They represent ``acceptor levels of boron vacancy.'' For the nitrogen defect, the ``vacancy levels'' overlap with the states at the conduction-band edge. The characteristics of vacancy states, their localization degrees and influence on the electronic density of states, and charge distribution in c-BN crystals are discussed. These results suggest that both boron and nitrogen vacancies can be ``p-type'' and ``n-type'' doping agents, respectively, when the composition of c-BN deviates from ideal stoichiometry. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
A new and improved "quick-hot Gram-chromotrope" technique that differentially stains microsporidian spores in clinical samples, including paraffin-embedded tissue sections. (1997)

This new technique is fast, reliable, and simple. It can be easily adapted for use in clinical laboratories.