gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of down-mix algorithms on quality of surround sound (2003)

Eight down-mix algorithms were evaluated in terms of basic audio quality. The investigation was focused on the standard 5.1 multichannel audio setup (ITU-R BS.775-1) and limited to two listening positions. The results obtained are summarized and detailed specifications of the subjectively best algorithms are given. The effect of the presentation of moving pictures on the assessment of audio quality was also investigated. The results show that the exposure to a visual content has a considerable effect on the evaluation of the audio quality at the off-center position to some types of program material.
Y4 receptor knockout rescues fertility in <i>ob/ob</i> mice (2002)

Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been implicated in the regulation of energy balance and reproduction, and chronically elevated NPY levels in the hypothalamus are associated with obesity and reduced reproductive function. However, it is not known which one of the five cloned Y receptors mediates these effects. Here we show that crossing the Y4 receptor knockout mouse (Y4(-/-)) onto the ob/ob background restores the reduced plasma testosterone levels of ob/ob mice as well as the reduced testis and seminal vesicle size and morphology to control values. Fertility in the sterile ob/ob mice was greatly improved by Y4 receptor deletion, with 100% of male and 50% of female Y4(-/-),ob/ob double knockout mice producing live offspring. Development of the mammary ducts and lobuloalveoli was significantly enhanced in pregnant Y4(-/-) and Y4(-/-),ob/ob females. Consistent with the improved fertility and enhanced mammary gland development, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) expression was significantly increased in Y4(-/-) and Y4(-/-),ob/ob animals. Y4(-/-) mice displayed lower body weight and reduced white adipose tissue mass accompanied by increased plasma levels of pancreatic polypeptide (PP). However, Y4 deficiency had no beneficial effects to reduce body weight or excessive adiposity of ob/ob mice. These data suggest that central Y4 receptor signaling specifically inhibits reproductive function under conditions of elevated central NPY-ergic tonus.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes using a Piezosurgery Device Vs. A Conventional Osteotome for Lateral Osteotomy in Rhinoplasty (2017)

Our aim for this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes in patients who underwent lateral osteotomy with a Piezosurgery device or a conventional osteotome in open-technique rhinoplasty. This cohort trial involved 65 patients (36 women and 29 men; average age: 23.6 ± 5.71 yr) who underwent surgery between May 2015 and January 2016. Piezosurgery was used for lateral osteotomy in 32 patients, whereas 33 patients underwent conventional external osteotomy. These 2 groups were compared for duration of surgery, perioperative bleeding, postoperative edema, ecchymosis, pain, and patient satisfaction on the first and seventh postoperative days. The Piezosurgery group revealed significantly more favorable outcomes in terms of edema, ecchymosis, and hemorrhage on the first day postoperatively (p < 0.001 for all). Similarly, edema (p = 0.005) and ecchymosis (p < 0.001) on the seventh postoperative day also were better in the Piezosurgery group. Hemorrhage was similar in both groups on the seventh postoperative day (p = 0.67). The Piezosurgery group not only experienced less pain on the first postoperative day (p < 0.001), but these patients also were more satisfied with their results on both the first and seventh postoperative days. Results of the present study imply that Piezosurgery may be a promising, safe, and effective method for lateral osteotomy, a critical step in rhinoplasty. The time interval necessary for the learning curve is counteracted by the comfort and satisfaction of both patients and surgeons.
Community practitioners and health visitors handbook Jackie Carnell and RogerKline Community practitioners and health visitors handbookRadcliffe145 £17.95 18577537121857753712 (2002)

The purpose of this book is to bring together and examine the many documents and papers on the latest changes to the health service. It identifies the significance of the changes and includes a detailed discussion of their impact on health visitors and community practitioners.
Calcium/Ganglioside‐Dependent Protein Kinase Activity in Rat Brain Membrane (1985)

The effects of gangliosides on phosphorylation were studied in rat brain membrane. Gangliosides stimulated phosphorylation only in the presence of Ca2+ with major phosphoproteins of 45,000, 50,000, 60,000, and 80,000 daltons and high-molecular-weight species. In addition, gangliosides inhibited the phosphorylation of three proteins with molecular weights of 15,000, 20,000, and 78,000 daltons. The two low-molecular-weight proteins comigrated with rat myelin basic proteins. Ganglioside stimulation was dependent on the formation of a Ca2+-ganglioside complex since the calcium salt of gangliosides stimulated phosphorylation maximally. Disialo and trisialo gangliosides were more potent stimulators of kinase activity than the monosialo GM1 X GD1a was the most potent activator tested. Asialo-GM1, cerebroside, sialic acid, neuraminyllactose, sulfatide, and the acidic phospholipids phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol did not stimulate kinase activity. The Ca2+-dependent, ganglioside-stimulated phosphorylation was qualitatively similar to the pattern for calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation. However, while calmodulin-dependent kinase activity was inhibited with an IC50 of 10 microM trifluoperazine, ganglioside-stimulated kinase was inhibited with an IC50 of 200 microM trifluoperazine. These results indicate that gangliosides have complex effects on membrane-associated kinase activities and suggest that Ca2+-ganglioside complexes are potent stimulators of membrane kinase activity.
The prevention of acute kidney injury an in-depth narrative review: Part 2: Drugs in the prevention of acute kidney injury (2009)

The second part of this in-depth clinical review focuses on drugs used in the prevention of AKI in the patient at risk and/or in the management of the patient with incipient AKI. Among the drugs used to maintain a normal renal perfusion pressure, norepinephrine and vasopressin are most commonly used in hypotensive critically ill patients. The most recent RCT did not find a difference between low-dose vasopressin plus norepinephrine and norepinephrine alone in patients with septic shock, suggesting that either approach is reasonable. However, vasopressin may be beneficial in the less severe septic shock subgroup. Loop diuretics may convert an oliguric into a non-oliguric form of AKI that may allow easier fluid and/or nutritional support of the patient. Volume overload in AKI patients is common and diuretics may provide symptomatic benefit in that situation. However, loop diuretics are neither associated with improved survival, nor with better recovery of renal function in AKI. Among the renal vasodilating drugs, the routine administration of dopamine to patients for the prevention of AKI or incipient AKI is no longer justified. On the other hand, although additional studies may be warranted, fenoldopam may appear to be a likely candidate for the prevention of AKI, particularly in critically ill patients, if the positive results obtained in some recent studies are confirmed. Trials with natriuretic peptides were in general inconclusive but despite the fact that nesiritide is currently approved by the FDA only for the treatment of heart failure, this vasodilator may in the future play a role in the prevention of AKI, particularly in association with heart failure and cardiac surgery. The most recent trials seem to confirm a potential positive preventive effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), particularly in contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), NAC alone should never take the place of IV hydration in patients at risk for CIN; fluids likely have a more substantiated benefit. At present, initiation of statin therapy for the prevention of CIN cannot be recommended, but these drugs should not be stopped before a radiological intervention in patients on chronic statin therapy. Rasburicase is very effective in the prevention of acute tumour lysis syndrome. Erythropoietin (EPO) has tissue-protective effects and prevents tissue damage during ischaemia and inflammation, and currently trials are performed with EPO in the prevention of AKI post-cardiac surgery, CIN and post-kidney transplantation. From this review it becomes clear that single-drug therapy will probably never be effective in the prevention of AKI and that multiple agents may be needed to improve outcomes. In addition, drugs should be administered early during the course of the disease.
Welding metallurgy and weldability of high strength aluminum alloys (1986)

A trial has been initiated testing the effects of high dose radiolabeled monoclonal antibody administered in conjunction with marrow transplantation for treatment of lymphoma. This study is based on observations in mice demonstrating that radiolabeled antibody against a normal lymphocyte-associate antigen can induce regression of lymphoma masses. These preclinical studies also showed that large amounts of antibody are needed to achieve adequate biodistribution in vivo and that potentially curative doses of radionuclide induce substantial hematopoietic toxicity. Consequently, in patients with recurrent lymphoma, we are first evaluating the influence of dose on the biodistribution of a pan B-cell antibody, MB-1 (anti-CD37). In four patients, the biodistribution studies indicated that at the highest amount of antibody tested 131I-labeled antibody MB-1 (10 mg/kg) could deliver more radiation to tumor than to normal organs. These patients were treated with antibody MB-1 labeled with 250 to 482 mCi 131I estimated to deliver 380 to 1570 cGy to normal organs and 850 to 4260 cGy to tumor. Myelosuppression occurred in all patients and required infusion of cryopreserved marrow in one patient. Complete tumor regressions were observed in each patient. In three other patients with splenomegaly and/or large tumor burden, biodistribution studies indicated that 131I-labeled antibody could not deliver more radiation to tumor than to normal organs and these patients were not treated. Thus, tumor burden and spleen size may determine the feasibility of treatment with radiolabeled antibody. Treatment with this antibody labeled with high doses of 131I was well tolerated and may prove therapeutically useful. These studies are being continued to determine the maximal doses of radiation that can be tolerated by nonhematopoietic tissues after infusion of 131I-labeled antibody.
Subarray technology for time delayed scanning arrays (2009)

This paper describes several of the approaches to insert time delay at subarrays for scanning wide band phased arrays. In order to avoid the large quantization lobes that result from the use of rectangular subarrays, researchers have developed techniques for overlapping subarrays, randomizing subarray locations and using irregular subarrays. This paper introduces each of these approaches, and reviews the latest developments in each.
ELF Tomography of the World Thunderstorm Activity (2001)

A tomographic technique is suggested for reconstructing the spatial distribution of the world thunderstorm activity. The technique is based on measuring average Schumann resonance spectra at several spaced sites over the globe. The reconstruction procedure makes use of the thunderstorm intensity range dependences recovered at each measurement site. An efficient algorithm has been developed allowing an essential reduction in the computational resources required. As has been shown, the characteristic structures of the world thunderstorms concentrated near certain continental centers can be restored from the Schumann resonance spectra measured at several observation sites disposed optimally on the globe. The feasibility of recovering the global thunderstorm activity distribution is analyzed numerically, based on the data from existing observation sites of the Schumann resonances.
Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients with nonmenstrual toxic shock syndrome. Evidence for additional toxins (1985)

Although toxic shock syndrome toxin—1 (TSST-1) has been proposed as the toxin responsible for toxic shock syndrome, its role in this disease has not been proved. To study this question, we examined<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>strains isolated from normally sterile sites in patients with nonmenstrual toxic shock syndrome for the presence of TSST-1 production. Only 20 (62.5%) of 32 produced TSST-1, compared with 41 (93%) of 44 vaginal isolates from patients with menstrual toxic shock syndrome. Of strains of S<i>aureus</i>from patients with nonmenstrual toxic shock syndrome, TSST-1—negative isolates were more likely to be associated with a fatal outcome and to not be phage group I than TSST-1—positive isolates. Seven of the TSST-1—negative strains were evaluated in a rabbit subcutaneous chamber model of toxic shock syndrome. Fifteen (60%) of 25 rabbits developed a toxic shock syndrome—like illness and nine died. Clinical signs and histopathologic findings in the rabbits were similar to those seen in rabbits inoculated with TSST-1—positive S<i>aureus</i>isolates. These results suggest that other, as yet unrecognized, toxins play a role in toxic shock syndrome, and that TSST-1 production may not be essential to the pathogenesis of toxic shock syndrome. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:2538-2542)
Dilemma zone avoidance development: an on‐board approach (2013)

The dilemma zone (DZ) has been discussed in traffic engineering over four decades, because it is positively correlated to potential accidents. The dynamic feature of DZs is indeed difficult resolved and handled only by traffic signal control. This study aims to develop a series of onboard algorithms for DZ avoidance and warning. Three algorithms, DZ estimation, DZ prediction and warning selection are developed. To increase DZ detection accuracy, inputs from roadways, drivers and vehicles are considered. The genetic systematic‐rule is used to optimise the prediction of vehicle motion and the dynamical features of DZs. Experimental results show that the accuracy rates of DZ detection for all scenarios are higher than 90%. Such encouraging results show the reliability and operating practicability of the proposed development.
Necrotizing fasciitis due to group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (1970)

Necrotizing fasciitis due to group A β-hemolytic streptococci is a serious acute cutaneous infection which is distinct from erysipelas and other ulcerating and gangrenous processes. It is characterized by rapidly spreading, ill-defined erythema followed by painless ulceration and necrosis along fascial planes. A satisfactory outcome depends on early recognition, and vigorous medical and surgical management.
Studies on Transcription Activation by the Multimeric CCAAT-binding Factor CBF (1995)

The CCAAT-binding factor CBF is a heteromeric transcription factor that specifically binds to CCAAT sequences in many eukaryotic genes. CBF consists of three subunits, CBF-A, CBF-B, and CBF-C, all three of which are necessary for DNA binding. In this study we examined the transcription activation function of CBF by two different approaches. We first used a heterologous system in which a series of deletion mutations of CBF-B, fused to the bacterial LexA DNA binding domain, were transfected into HeLa cells together with a reporter gene driven by a minimal promoter containing LexA binding sites. These experiments showed that CBF-B needed both a glutamine-rich domain and an adjacent serine/threonine-rich domain to activate the reporter gene optimally. The glutamine-rich domain by itself activated transcription only modestly. We also set up an in vitro transcription reconstituted system in which trans-activation by CBF occurred through a physiological CCAAT motif. Nuclear extracts from NIH 3T3 cells were first depleted of CBF and then complemented with recombinant CBF-B and a highly purified fraction containing native CBF-A and CBF-C. Recombinant full-length CBF-B together with CBF-A and CBF-C activated transcription of several alpha 2(I) collagen gene promoter constructs. We then tested whether in this system the glutamine- and serine/threonine-rich domains of CBF-B were needed for trans-activation by CBF. We generated a truncated form of CBF-B that was still able to bind DNA in the presence of CBF-A and CBF-C. Even in the absence of the glutamine- and serine/threonine-rich domains of CBF-B, reconstituted CBF did activate transcription, suggesting that CBF transcriptional activation can also be mediated by the other subunits of CBF or by another transcription factor present in the nuclear extracts that interacts with CBF. Taken together our results suggest a model in which CBF has the potential to activate transcription either through the glutamine- and serine/threonine-rich domains of CBF-B or through the other subunits of CBF or through another component recruited by CBF.
Diamond and Oxidized Disordered Graphite on the Surface of Gallium Phosphide Nanoparticles (2009)

Abstract The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern from gallium phosphide (GaP) nanoparticles showed the presence of the diamond (111) diffraction peak. Analysis of the Raman scattering of GaP nanoparticles revealed that disordered graphite displayed a wide band at 1572 cm –1 assigned to the E 2g mode, and diamond displayed a wide band at 1324 cm –1 assigned to the F 2g mode. By means of Gaussian fitting, the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum of the C 1s core level was deconvoluted into two components centered at 284.2 and 287.2 eV binding energy, respectively. The binding energy peaks were indicative of the presence of oxidized disordered graphite and diamond phases.
Digital Clay: Deriving Digital Models from Freehand Sketches (1998)

During the initial stages of design, it is not uncommon to find an architect scribbling furiously with a thick pencil. Later in the design process, however, one might not be surprised to encounter the same individual in front of a computer monitor, manipulating three dimensional models in a series of activities that seem completely divorced from their previous efforts. Armed with evidence that sketching is an effective design method for creative individuals, we also recognize that modeling and rendering applications are invaluable design development and presentation tools, and we naturally seek a connection between these methodologies. We therefore present Digital Clay, a working prototype of a sketch recognition program that interprets gestural and abstracted projection drawings and constructs appropriate three dimensional digital models.
Application of the principle of breaking ocean waves to mixing technology (1991)

Turbulent mixing in the multiphase system of breaking ocean waves and whitecaps is known to play an important role in the mass exchange between ocean and atmosphere. Thus engineering applications to this naturally occurring dynamic exchange process appear to be of interest in various areas of applied mixing technology. Starting from the fact that ocean waves break after having reached their point of instability, a three-dimensional collapsible swivel mechanism (CSM) was developed for simulating by mechanical means the highly dynamic movement of breaking ocean waves. The CSM, employing reversion kinematics of a six-link spatial kinematic chain, has been realized in the construction of a new mixing technology (called swing mixer) that can either move the fluid by the use of mixing tools in a vessel (stirrer principle) or by moving the entire vessel (shaker principle). A first description of swing mixers has recently been given.1 A special characteristic of swing mixers is their three-dimensional reversing motion, the forward and backward paths being nonsuperimposable mirror images of one another. During the mixing process in swing mixers, the efficient mixing principle of repeated stretching and folding2 also takes place in the third dimension. Details of the mixing technology of swing mixers will be discussed together with some suggestions as to how spatial and temporal changes in the concentration may be determined with the help of CCD cameras in a given multiphase system agitated by swing mixers.
Measurement with Phase and Interference Microscopes (1959)

Errors of measurement in visual microscopy are mentioned briefly. The phase microscope can measure the size of transparent specimens, is useful for counting and a good null method for the measurement of refractive index. Precautions necessary with absorbing specimens are discussed. The interference microscope can measure optical path in transparent and nearly transparent specimens and, from the path differences and refractive index, thickness and mass of reasonably homogeneous specimens may be calculated. The precision of the AO-Baker interference microscope is described, and errors of the instrument and the observer are discussed. An appendix summarizes the precision of thickness measurements of microscopical specimens, and a nomogram is included to aid computations.
Grating Coupler for Surface Waves Based on Electrical Displacement Currents (2019)

Bound electromagnetic surface waves can be excited by free-space waves on a corrugated conduction surface. These electromagnetic surface waves, called surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), are coupled to a plasma of free charges, which travel together with the wave. We investigated the effect of separating metal corrugations from the smooth metal ground plane with a thin dielectric layer and show that SPPs can be excited via displacement currents. However, the SPP excitation resonances broaden and disappear as the dielectric thickness approaches 1% of the wavelength.
Laser-induced rotation and cooling of a trapped microgyroscope in vacuum (2013)

Quantum state preparation of mesoscopic objects is a powerful playground for the elucidation of many physical principles. The field of cavity optomechanics aims to create these states through laser cooling and by minimizing state decoherence. Here we demonstrate simultaneous optical trapping and rotation of a birefringent microparticle in vacuum using a circularly polarized trapping laser beam--a microgyroscope. We show stable rotation rates up to 5 MHz. Coupling between the rotational and translational degrees of freedom of the trapped microgyroscope leads to the observation of positional stabilization in effect cooling the particle to 40 K. We attribute this cooling to the interaction between the gyroscopic directional stabilization and the optical trapping field.
Desmanicomialización: "hacia una transformación de los Dispositivos Hegemónicos en Salud Mental" (2004)

La intencionalidad de este trabajo, realizado como ultimo requisito para la aprobacion de la Carrera Licenciatura en Trabajo Social, es abordar la tematica de la Salud Mental y la Institucionalizacion de la locura.
El estudio bibliografico de la tematica permitio identificar algunos interrogantes que constituyen la asistencia de la salud/enfermedad mental: ?Como inciden las alternativas de atencion en salud mental existentes, frente al problema de la locura institucionalizada?. Lo cual posibilito elaborar la siguiente hipotesis de trabajo: Las alternativas de atencion en Salud Mental inciden positivamente frente a la problematica de la locura institucionalizada.
De esta manera, el objeto de estudio para el analisis y comprension de la tematica son las alternativas existentes al manicomio para la atencion de los enfermos mentales.