gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photocalorimetry. Enthalpies of photolysis of trans-azobenzene, ferrioxalate and cobaltioxalate ions, chromium hexacarbonyl, and dirhenium decarbonyl (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotocalorimetry. Enthalpies of photolysis of trans-azobenzene, ferrioxalate and cobaltioxalate ions, chromium hexacarbonyl, and dirhenium decarbonylArthur W. Adamson, Arnd Vogler, Horst Kunkely, and Rudolf WachterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 4, 1298–1300Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00472a049Request reuse permissionsArticle Views380Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (357 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhanced Gas Recovery by Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Depleted Gas Reservoirs (2002)

Abstract A depleted natural gas reservoir can store significantly more gas than a depleted oil reservoir (with the same initial hydrocarbon pore volume) for two reasons. First, ultimate gas recovery (about 65% of gas initially-in-place) is typically about twice that of oil (average 35% of oil initially-in-place). Second, gas is some 30 times more compressible than oil or water. CO2 has a critical temperature of 31°C (88°F) and a critical pressure of 7.38 MPa (1070 psia). Consequently, at pressures and temperatures typically encountered in the field, carbon dioxide will behave as a supercritical fluid. However, displacement of natural gas by supercritical CO2 has not been done in the field and is not well understood. As part of a CO2 sequestration study, we have conducted experimental and analytical studies to evaluate the feasibility of displacing natural gas with supercritical CO2. The experiments involved injecting supercritical CO2 into an aluminum Hassler core-holder containing a 1-ft long by 1-in. diameter carbonate core initially saturated with methane. Rate and composition of the produced gas were measured, enabling determination of mole fraction of produced CO2 as a function of time. In addition, the core holder was CT scanned to determine core porosity, and CO2 and methane saturation. Experiments have been conducted for core pressures in the range, 500-3000 psig at 70°-140°F. Results indicate that some 73%-87% of the gas initially-in-place is recovered at CO2 breakthrough, with a low CO2 dispersion coefficient of 0.01-0.12 cm2/min. We can tentatively conclude that CO2 injection into depleted or abandoned gas reservoirs would not only sequester CO2 but would also re-pressurize the reservoir, and most likely result in effective displacement of the gas. Thus, production of hitherto unrecoverable gas reserves could help defray the cost of CO2 sequestration: in short, a possible win-win technology.
Jean Monnet, the United States and the French Economic Plan (1991)

It would be difficult to overestimate the importance of Jean Monnet in the history of the postwar reconstruction of Western Europe. In many ways Monnet’s ideas shaped the structure of the economy of postwar Europe, and consequently, determined much of its political evolution as well. Monnet’s influence was not a reflection of any specific position he held. He was first, head of the French Supply Council, the economic purchasing mission that coordinated French imports from the United States to France under Lend-Lease. In January 1946 he became head of the Commissariat du Plan, a newly-created structure to oversee the rebuilding of the French economy, attached directly to the Prime Minister’s office. From that position he later went on to assume the presidency of the European Coal and Steel Community. During the actual work of constructing the European Common Market from 1955–7 he held no official position at all, rather leading a pressure group, the Action Committee for the United States of Europe. Monnet was neither politician nor technocrat, nor a charismatic leader of the masses.
DNA Backbone Sulfur-Modification Expands Microbial Growth Range under Multiple Stresses by its anti-oxidation function (2017)

DNA phosphorothioate (PT) modification is a sulfur modification on the backbone of DNA introduced by the proteins DndA-E. It has been detected within many bacteria isolates and metagenomic datasets, including human pathogens, and is considered to be widely distributed in nature. However, little is known about the physiological function of this modification, and thus its evolutionary significance and application potential remains largely a mystery. In this study, we focused on the advantages of DNA PT modification to bacterial cells coping with environmental stresses. We show that the mesophile Escherichia coli and the extremophile Shewanella piezotolerans both expanded their growth ranges following exposure to extreme temperature, salinity, pH, pressure, UV, X-ray and heavy metals as a result of DNA phophorothioation. The phophorothioated DNA reacted to both H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and hydroxyl radicals in vivo, and protected genomic DNA as well as sensitive enzymes from intracellular oxidative damage. We further demonstrate that this process has evolved separate from its associated role in DNA restriction and modification. These findings provide a physiological role for a covalent modification widespread in nature and suggest possible applications in biotechnology and biomedicine.
Microbial Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Adult Population of 4 Municipalities in Eastern Finland (2001)

To determine the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in the adult population of a defined area, specific antibody responses in paired serum samples, levels of circulating pneumococcal immune complexes in serum samples, and pneumococcal antigen in urine were measured. Samples (304 paired serum samples and 300 acute urine samples) were obtained from 345 patients > or =15 years old with community-acquired, radiologically confirmed pneumonia, which comprised all cases in the population of 4 municipalities in eastern Finland during 1 year. Specific infecting organisms were identified in 183 patients (including 49 with mixed infection), as follows: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 125 patients; Haemophilus influenzae, 12; Moraxella catarrhalis, 8; chlamydiae, 37 (of which, Chlamydia pneumoniae, 30); Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 30; and virus species, 27. The proportion of patients with pneumococcal infections increased and of those with Mycoplasma infections decreased with age, but for each age group, the etiologic profile was similar among inpatients and among outpatients. S. pneumoniae was the most important etiologic agent. The annual incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia per 1000 inhabitants aged > or =60 years was 8.0.
Unsupervised Clustering of Free-Living Human Activities using Ambulatory Accelerometry (2007)

This paper investigates unsupervised pattern recognition approaches to segment raw accelerometer signals into a sequence of events, for activity monitoring in a free-living environment. Ambulatory devices, such as accelerometers, have made it possible to classify movement, measure long-term trends in activity, and detect unexpected events such as falls. While such technologies are gaining acceptance for use in controlled clinical settings, their use in varying and unrestricted environments is still problematic. This is principally due to the difficulty of obtaining sufficient annotated data to train supervised event classification models, exacerbated by the fact that the most significant events are likely to be extremely rare. To address these limitations, this paper researches two unsupervised event segmentation techniques to (1) coherently cluster free-living activities and (2) detect unspecified unusual events, without requiring labelled data for prior learning. Experiments are presented for the clustering of data collected from a subject in free-living conditions using a triaxial accelerometer attached to the waist. Results show high overall cluster purity performances of 0.81 for the coherent clustering of activities, and ;intuitive' clusters that suggest atypical activities for the unusual event experiments.
Preparation of Germanium Nitride Films by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (1987)

Germanium nitride was deposited onto polished germanium wafers by low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). Depositions were performed in a hot‐wall quartz tube system at temperatures from 450° to 600°C, using and reactants. Details of the deposition procedure and apparatus are reported here. Deposition rates of 5–50 Å per min were obtained, yielding films having refractive indexes of , as measured by ellipsometry. The dependence of deposition rate on temperature and gas flow parameters is reported. Infrared transmission data, as well as etch rate data, are also presented.
Sequence-independent recognition of the amyloid structural motif by GFP protein family (2020)

Cnidarian fluorescent protein (FP) derivatives such as GFP, mCherry, and mEOS2 have been widely used to monitor gene expression and protein localization through biological imaging because they are considered functionally inert. We demonstrate that FPs specifically bind amyloid fibrils formed from many natural peptides and proteins. FPs do not bind other nonamyloid fibrillar structures such as microtubules or actin filaments and do not bind to amorphous aggregates. FPs can also bind small aggregates formed during the lag phase and early elongation phase of fibril formation and can inhibit amyloid fibril formation in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest caution should be taken in interpreting FP-fusion protein localization data when amyloid structures may be present. Given the pathological significance of amyloid-related species in some diseases, detection and inhibition of amyloid fibril formation using FPs can provide insights on developing diagnostic tools.
A compact multi-channel echo canceller with a single adaptive filter per channel (2003)

The authors propose a compact multichannel echo canceller with a single adaptive filter per channel. They review the conventional multichannel echo canceller based on linear combination, which is superior to the one based on cascaded connection. The problem of the conventional echo canceller is considered by incorporating the talker at the other end into the echo generation model on the receiving side. The structure of the proposed multichannel echo canceller is described. Its convergence characteristics for colored signals and talker change are analyzed, followed by simulation results which show the performance of the proposed echo canceller.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A probabilistic analysis of a barrier eliminating algorithm (2009)

Since barrier synchronization is a simple means to guarantee the order of data producing and data consuming, it is often used in parallel programs. However, barrier synchronization causes the processors' idle time to increase. To reduce the overhead of barrier synchronization, we have proposed an algorithm which eliminates barrier synchronizations and evaluated its validity experimentally. In this paper, we model the behavior of parallel programs and stochastically analyze our algorithm. Using the behavioral model, we evaluated the execution time before eliminating barrier synchronizations as well as after eliminating barrier synchronizations. As a result, we confirmed the observation, which we have found experimentally, that is, the ratio of improvement increases as the number of processors increases.
<title>Optical characteristics of a PbS detector array spectrograph for online process monitoring</title> (1999)

The use of optical spectroscopic methods for quantitative composition measurements in the field of process control is increasing rapidly. Various optical configurations are already in use or are being developed, with the aim of accomplishing the wavelength selectivity needed in spectroscopic measurement. The development of compact and rugged spectrometers for process monitoring applications, has been one of the major tasks for the optical measurements research team at VTT Electronics. A new PbS detector array- based spectrometer unit has now been developed for use in process analyzers, providing 24-wavelengths ranging from 1350 to 2400 nm. Extensive testing has been carried out to examine the performance of the developed units, concerning performance in normal operating conditions, characteristics vs. temperature, unit-to-unit variation and preliminary environmental testing. The main performance characteristics of the developed spectrometer unit include stable output, a band center wavelength (CW) unit-to-unit tracking better than -+ 1 nm, a band CW draft vs. operating temperature less than 1.8 nm in the temperature range +10 degree(s)C...+50 degree(s)C, and optical stray light below 0.1 percent. The combination of technical performance, small size, rugged construction, and potential for medium manufacturing cost (4000-5000 dollars in quantities) make the developed unit a promising alternative in developing competitive high-performance analyzers for various NIR applications.
Noise Analysis of an Algorithm for Uncertain Frequency Identification (2006)

This note presents a noise analysis for an algorithm to identify the uncertain frequency of periodic signals or disturbances. This algorithm is based on the time-varying states of an internal model principle controller which can be mapped nonlinearly to the frequency and the magnitude or energy of the periodic signal or disturbance. This note provides an analysis of the 'measurement' of this frequency in the presence of white noise. In the case of an additive white noise, we develop some formulas to calculate the means and variances of the measured difference between the true frequency and nominal frequency for high and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). When an integral controller is used to eliminate this difference, we prove that this frequency estimation is unbiased. The formulae to calculate the mean and variance are also given for the output of the integral controller. The simulations verify the validity of approximations used in our noise analysis.
Photobactericidal Porphyrin-Cellulose Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Properties (2011)

Adherence and survival of pathogenic bacteria on surfaces leading to concomitant transmission to new hosts significantly contributes to the proliferation of pathogens, which in turn considerably increases the threat to human health, particularly by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Consequently, more research into effective surface disinfection and alternative materials (fabrics, plastics, or coatings) with antimicrobial and other bioactive characteristics is desirable. This report describes the synthesis and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals that were surface-modified with a cationic porphyrin. The porphyrin was appended onto the cellulose surface via the Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen-Meldal-Sharpless 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition having occurred between azide groups on the cellulosic surface and porphyrinic alkynes. The resulting, generally insoluble, crystalline material, CNC-Por (5), was characterized by infrared and diffusion (1)H NMR spectroscopies, gel permeation chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis. Although only suspended, and not dissolved, in an aqueous system, CNC-Por (5) showed excellent efficacy toward the photodynamic inactivation of Mycobacterium smegmatis and Staphylococcus aureus , albeit only slight activity against Escherichia coli . The synthesis, properties, and activity of CNC-Por (5) described herein serve as a benchmark toward our overall objectives of developing novel, potent, bioactive, photobactericidal materials that are effective against a range of bacteria, with potential utilization in the health care and food preparation industries.
Modeling Supercritical Fluid Extraction Process Involving Solute-Solid Interaction. (1998)

Extraction or leaching of solute from natural solid material is a mass transfer process involving dissolution or release of solutes from a solid matrix. Interaction between the solute and solid matrix often influences the supercritical fluid extraction process. A model accounting for the solute-solid interaction as well as mass transfer is developed. The BET equation is used to incorporate the interaction and the solubility of solutes into the local equilibrium in the model. Experimental data for the supercritical extraction of essential oil and cuticular wax from peppermint leaves are successfully analyzed by the model. The effects of parameters on the extraction behavior are demonstrated to illustrate the concept of the model.
Linguistic Attractors: The Cognitive Dynamics of Language Acquisition and Change (2001)

1. Preface 2. Introduction: Abstractions, Universals, Systems and Attractors 3. 1. Human Architecture: Physical Constraints ans Special Accomodations 4. 2. Possible Neutral Network Implemantations: General Network Properties and Requirements for Computation 5. 3. Representations 6. 4. Attractor Dynamics on Semantic Fields 7. 5. Towards an Attractor Grammar 8. 6. The Dynamics of Language Change: Beowulf, the Tatian, and German Biblical Texts 9. References 10. Index
Monoclonal antibody identifies circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium malariae and detects a common epitope on Plasmodium brasilianum sporozoites (1984)

We produced a hybridoma secreting an immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody against the circumsporozoite protein of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium malariae (Uganda 1/CDC). The monoclonal antibody produces a circumsporozoite precipitation reaction when incubated with viable sporozoites of P. malariae and reacts at high titers with heat-fixed sporozoites in an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Using the purified monoclonal antibody and Western blot analysis, we identified two polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 60,000 (Pm 60) and 48,000 (Pm 48) in extracts of P. malariae sporozoites. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of Pm 60 and the circumsporozoite protein Pm 48 indicated their isoelectric points to be acidic, with values of 5.3 and 4.7 to 5.0, respectively. A two-site immunoradiometric assay showed that the circumsporozoite protein recognized by the monoclonal antibody contains a repetitive epitope. P. malariae monoclonal antibody also reacted strongly with sporozoites of the simian parasite Plasmodium brasilianum, indicating a shared epitope on sporozoites of the two species. The P. malariae antibody did not bind sporozoite antigens of any other primate malarias, including Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale.
Recent studies on nucleoside H-phosphonothioate and nucleoside methylphosphonothioate synthesis. (1989)

The reaction of suitably protected nucleosides with phosphinic acid in the presence of condensing agents has been investigated and applied for the preparation of nucleoside 3'-H-phosphonothioates. Studies on synthesis and separation of diastereoisomers of nucleoside 3'-methylphosphonothioates are also discussed.
Molecular transfer of nematode resistance genes. (1992)

Recombinant DNA techniques have been used to introduce agronomically valuable traits, including resistance to viruses, herbicides, and insects, into crop plants. Introduction of these genes into plants frequently involves Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. The potential exists for applying this technology to nematode control by introducing genes conferring resistance to nematodes. Transferred genes could include those encoding products detrimental to nematode development or reproduction as well as cloned host resistance genes. Host genes that confer resistance to cyst or root-knot nematode species have been identified in many plants. The best characterized is Mi, a gene that confers resistance to root-knot nematodes in tomato. A map-based cloning approach is being used to isolate the gene. For development of a detailed map of the region of the genome surrounding Mi, DNA markers genetically linked to Mi have been identified and analyzed in tomato lines that have undergone a recombination event near Mi. The molecular map will be used to identify DNA corresponding to Mi. We estimate that a clone of Mi will be obtained in 2-5 years. An exciting prospect is that introduction of this gene will confer resistance in plant species without currently available sources of resistance.
Diffused resistor mismatch modeling and characterization (2003)

This paper presents a novel, physically based model and method for the characterization of diffused resistor mismatch. It is shown that the mismatch does not follow the 1/(/spl radic/(LW)) dependence as reported in other publications. We also demonstrate that there is an optimum sheet resistance for resistor mismatch as determined by a trade-off between the ion implant dose concentration and the junction depth mismatch.
Yeast RAD3 protein binds directly to both SSL2 and SSL1 proteins: implications for the structure and function of transcription/repair factor b. (1994)

The RAD3 and SSL2 gene products are essential proteins that are also required for the nucleotide excision repair pathway. We have recently demonstrated that the RAD3 gene product along with the SSL1 and TFB1 gene products are subunits of RNA polymerase II basal transcription factor b. Additionally, the SSL2 gene product physically interacts with purified factor b. Here we combine an in vitro immunoprecipitation assay and an in vivo genetic assay to demonstrate a series of pairwise protein-protein interactions involving these components. RAD3 protein binds directly to both SSL2 protein and SSL1 protein in vitro. SSL1 protein interacts with itself and with RAD3 and TFB1 proteins in living yeast cells. An N-terminal, possibly noncatalytic, domain of SSL2 protein is sufficient for the factor b-SSL2 interaction, and a product of a DNA repair-defective allele of SSL2 is not defective in binding to factor b. We present genetic evidence suggesting that the DNA-repair function of SSL2 protein is not dependent on its essential function.
[The effects of acute fear stress on emotional behaviors, plasmic hormone levels and the activation of cerebral Erk1/2 of rats]. (2007)

Acute fear stress can induce abnormalities of emotional behaviors, such as behavioral habits, anxiety and defense, startle and delayed adaptation to startle, as well as the alteration of hormone levels. The phosphorylation of Erk1/2 may play a role in the abnormality of emotional behaviors of rats induced by acute fear stress.