gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of linseed oil monoglyceride maleate/styrene copolymers (2005)

Abstract In this study, rigid thermoset polymers were prepared from radical copolymerization of linseed oil monoglyceride maleates with styrene (St). First, linseed oil monoglycerides (LOMGs) were obtained from the reaction of linseed oil with glycerol at 220–240°C. Then, LOMGs were reacted with maleic anhydride at 80°C to produce the LOMG maleate half esters. The reactions were followed by FTIR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and the final resin was characterized by 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy. Finally, radical copolymerization of the LOMG maleates with 20, 40, 60, and 80% by weight of St was performed to produce rigid, thermoset polymers. The thermomechanical properties and fracture behavior of the cured copolymers, as a function of the percentage of St, were measured and analyzed. The copolymer with 40% by weight of St was the material with better mechanical and fracture behavior. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 825–836, 2005
Dynamic memory disambiguation in the presence of out-of-order store issuing (2003)

With the help of the memory dependence predictor the instruction scheduler can speculatively issue load instructions at the earliest possible time without causing significant amounts of memory order violations. For maximum performance, the scheduler must also allow full out-of-order issuing of store instructions since any superfluous ordering of stores results in false memory dependencies which adversely affect the timely issuing of dependent loads. Unfortunately, simple techniques of detecting memory order violations do not work well when store instructions issue out-of-order since they yield many false memory order violations. By using a novel memory order violation detection mechanism that is employed in the retire logic of the processor and delaying the checking for memory order violations, we are able to allow full out-of-order issuing of store instructions without causing false memory order violations. In addition, our mechanism can take advantage of data value redundancy. We present an implementation of our technique using the store set memory dependence predictor. An out-of-order superscalar processor that uses our technique delivers an IPC which is within 100, 96 and 85% of a processor equipped with an ideal memory disambiguator at issue widths of 8, 16 and 32 instructions respectively.
EyeRIS: A general-purpose system for eye-movement-contingent display control (2007)

In experimental studies of visual performance, the need often emerges to modify the stimulus according to the eye movements performed by the subject. The eye-movement-contingent display (EMCD) methodology enables accurate control of the position and motion of the stimulus on the retina. EMCD procedures have been used successfully in many areas of vision science, including studies of visual attention or eye movements and physiological characterization of neuronal response properties. Unfortunately, the difficulty of real-time programming and the unavailability of flexible and economical systems that can be easily adapted to the diversity of experimental needs and laboratory setups have prevented the widespread use of EMCD control. This article describes EyeRIS, a general-purpose system for performing EMCD experiments on a Windows computer. Based on a digital signal processor with analog and digital interfaces, this integrated hardware and software system is responsible for sampling and processing oculomotor signals and subject responses and for modifying the stimulus displayed on a CRT according to a gaze-contingent procedure specified by the experimenter. EyeRIS is designed to update the stimulus with a delay of only 10 msec. To thoroughly evaluate EyeRIS's performance, this study was designed to (1) examine the response of the system in a number of EMCD procedures and computational benchmarking tests; (2) compare the accuracy of implementation of one particular EMCD procedure, retinal stabilization, with that produced by a standard tool used for this task; and (3) examine EyeRIS's performance in one of the many EMCD procedures that cannot be executed by means of any other currently available device.
Protein Kinases in Chondrocyte Signaling and Osteoarthritis (2004)

Protein kinases, particularly mitogen-activated protein kinases and receptor-tyrosine kinases play crucial roles in mammalian cellular metabolism by regulating intracellular signaling pathways that control proliferation, differentiation, cytokine gene induction and cytokine responsiveness, matrix metalloproteinase gene expression, mechanical transduction, as well as programmed cell death (apoptosis). Many of these pathways are also important components of cartilage homeostasis because alterations in intracellular signaling pathways appear to play a prominent role in chondrocyte dysfunction that is part of osteoarthritis pathogenesis and disease progression. Several mitogen-activated protein kinases and receptor-tyrosine kinases have been characterized as participating in chondrocyte signaling pathways. They are c-Jun-amino-terminal protein kinase, p38 kinase, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, and Ror2. Janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription factors (Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway) are also implicated in modulating the chondrogenic phenotype. Mitogen-activated protein kinase activation is required for their role as phosphorylating enzymes. Activation results from mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation carried out by at least seven upstream kinases known as mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases. Additional upstream kinases (for example, MKKKKs and MKKKs) often require low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins to mediate the mitogen-activated protein-kinase kinases cascade. Identifying the functions of mitogen-activated protein kinases in normal and aging cartilage and the extent to which mitogen-activated protein kinases may be altered in osteoarthritis cartilage and synovium will be critical for developing novel therapies for osteoarthritis management.
Positive and Negative Allosteric Modulators Promote Biased Signaling at the Calcium-Sensing Receptor (2011)

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a G protein-coupled receptor whose function can be allosterically modulated in a positive or negative manner by calcimimetics or calcilytics, respectively. Indeed, the second-generation calcimimetic, cinacalcet, has proven clinically useful in the treatment of chronic kidney disease patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism but is not widely used in earlier stages of renal disease due to the potential to predispose such patients to hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphatemia. The development of a biased CaSR ligand that is more selective for specific signaling pathway(s) leading only to beneficial effects may overcome this limitation. The detection of such stimulus-bias at a G protein-coupled receptor requires investigation across multiple signaling pathways and the development of methods to quantify the effects of allosteric ligands on orthosteric ligand affinity and cooperativity at each pathway. In the current study, we determined the effects of the calcimimetics, NPS-R568 or cinacalcet, and the calcilytic, NPS-2143, on Ca(o)(2+)-mediated intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and plasma membrane ruffling in a stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293-TREx c-myc-CaSR cell line and applied a novel analytical model to quantify these modulator effects. We present quantitative evidence for the generation of stimulus bias by both positive and negative allosteric modulators of the CaSR, manifested as greater allosteric modulation of intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization relative to ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and a higher affinity of the modulators for the state of the CaSR mediating plasma membrane ruffling relative to the other two pathways. Our findings provide the first evidence that an allosteric modulator used in clinical practice exhibits stimulus bias.
Characteristics of the cathodic arc discharge with a hot boron cathode (1999)

Recently, we have developed a cathodic arc plasma source with a heated boron cathode and successfully applied to the deposition of cubic boron nitride thin films. The cathode surface area under operation exhibits an extended red-hot area and it was therefore tentatively assumed that the arc operates in the distributed mode. However, high-speed photography has revealed that cathode spots exist which move randomly similar to cathode spots on metal. The discharge mode of the hot boron cathode has been characterized both in Ar and N/sub 2//Ar atmosphere. The properties of the ion component of the emitted plasma were investigated by energy-resolved mass spectroscopy. Conclusions are drawn on the potential of boron arc evaporation as a viable deposition process for c-BN films.
Constitutive expression of thrombospondin 1 in MC3T3‐E1 osteoblastic cells inhibits mineralization (2006)

Thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) is a multifunctional extracellular glycoprotein present mainly in the fetal and adult skeleton. Although an inhibitory effect of TSP1 against pathological mineralization in cultured vascular pericytes has been shown, its involvement in physiological mineralization by osteoblasts is still unknown. To determine the role of TSP1 in biomineralization, mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in the presence of antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides complementary to the TSP1 sequence. The 18- and 24-mer antisense oligonucleotides caused concentration-dependent increases in the number of mineralized nodules, acid-soluble calcium deposition in the cell/matrix layer, and alkaline phosphatase activity within 9 days, without affecting cell proliferation. The corresponding sense or scrambled oligonucleotides did not affect these parameters. In the antisense oligonucleotide-treated MC3T3-E1 cells, thickened extracellular matrix, well-developed cell processes, increased intracellular organelles, and collagen fibril bundles were observed. On the other hand, the addition of TSP1 to the culture decreased the production of a mineralized matrix by MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 clones overexpressing mouse TSP1 were established and assayed for TSP1 protein and their capacity to mineralize. TSP1 dose-dependently inhibited mineralization by these cells both in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that TSP1 functions as an inhibitory regulator of bone mineralization and matrix production by osteoblasts to sustain bone homeostasis.
A SEARCH FOR VIRUSES IN SMEGMA, PREMALIGNANT AND EARLY MALIGNANT CERVICAL TISSUES. THE ISOLATION OF HERPESVIRUSES WITH DISTINCT ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES1 (1968)

Journal Article A SEARCH FOR VIRUSES IN SMEGMA, PREMALIGNANT AND EARLY MALIGNANT CERVICAL TISSUES. THE ISOLATION OF HERPESVIRUSES WITH DISTINCT ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES Get access WILLIAM E. RAWLS, WILLIAM E. RAWLS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DIANA LAUREL, DIANA LAUREL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOSEPH L. MELNICK, JOSEPH L. MELNICK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOSEPH M. GLICKSMAN, JOSEPH M. GLICKSMAN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RAYMOND H. KAUFMAN RAYMOND H. KAUFMAN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 87, Issue 3, May 1968, Pages 647–655, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120855 Published: 01 May 1968 Article history Received: 03 January 1968 Published: 01 May 1968
Surface Modification of Positive Contrast Nanoparticle Agents with RAFT Polymers Towards the Targeted Imaging and Treatment of Cancer (2010)

A novel surface modification technique was employed to produce a polymer modified positive contrast agent nanoparticle through attachment of well defined polymers synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. A range of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic RAFT homopolymers, along with novel multifunctional copolymers of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-poly(N-acryloxysuccinimide)-co-poly(fluorescein O-methacrylate) were synthesized and subsequently used to modify the surface of gadolinium (Gd) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles. The succinimide functionality of the copolymer was utilized as a scaffold for attachment of the therapeutic agent, methotrexate, and targeting ligand, H-glycine-arginine-glycine-aspartate-serine-NH2 peptide. Reduction of the trithiocarbonate RAFT polymer end groups under basic conditions to thiolates provided a means of polymer attachment through vacant orbitals on the Gd3+ ions at the surface of the Gd MOF nanoparticles. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the relaxivity rates of these novel polymer modified structures were easily tuned by changes in the molecular weight and chemical structures of the polymers. In most cases, the relaxivity values were significantly higher than both the unmodified Gd MOF nanoparticles and the clinically employed contrast agents, Magnevist® and Multihance®. These versatile, polymer modified nanoscale scaffolds were shown to provide biocompatibility, cancer cell targeting, diagnostic imaging, through positive contrast in MRI and fluorescence microscopy, and disease treatment capabilities. This unique method provided a simple yet versatile route of producing polymer-nanoparticle theragnostic materials with an unprecedented degree of flexibility in the construct, potentially allowing for tunable loading capacities and spatial loading of targeting/treatment agents, while incorporating bimodal imaging capabilities.
Route guidance sign identification using 2-D structural description (2002)

We propose a new method to identify route guidance sign (RGS) by comparing the structure data obtained from the RGS database. We describe the structure data extracted from the road scene images taken by an on-board camera. We model RGS as a two level recursive rectangular model. The shape of RGS is modeled as a rectangle, and the characters are represented by circumscribed rectangles. The 3+1 RGS detection modules were used for edge segment extraction to separate the scene from sky region by intensity, for characteristic color extraction in hue saturation value color space, and for template matching using the rectangle of RGS. In each RGS, there are characters including Chinese characters, Roman letters and arrows. We separate the character candidate regions from the sign area using the p-tile method, and represent the character candidate by circumscribed rectangle. The arrows are recognized by thinning and template matching. We applied the proposed method to real road scene images. Experimental results showed the effectiveness of this method.
Quality enhancement of coded and corrupted speeches in GSM mobile systems using residual redundancy (2002)

There is often residual redundancy remaining in coded speech data, even if a powerful speech codec (e.g. the full rate coder used in GSM mobile communications) is employed. By using such redundancy together with the information provided by the channel decoder, such as soft output (L-value), the number of channel bits inverted by the decoder, or a cyclic redundancy check, the bit error rate can be further reduced and a more graceful degradation of speech quality can be achieved, especially under bad channel conditions. In this paper, we report on the study with regard to this aspect for GSM full rate speech transmission and error concealment. The algorithms developed can be easily implemented with a currently available DSP designed for GSM mobile phones.
A novel link scheduling strategy for concurrent transmission in mmWave WPANs based on beamforming information (2014)

This paper proposes a novel link scheduling strategy for concurrent transmission in millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless personal area networks (WPANs) based on beamforming information. Firstly, we consider the signal-to-interference-plus noise ratio (SINR) as the links coexistence criterion, and derive the interference model with different antenna configurations. Then we describe how to use the beamforming information to calculate the SINR for concurrent transmission in a common service period (SP). A first-request-first-scheduling (FRFS) SINR based algorithm is applied to schedule links in SPs. Simulation results show that the proposed link scheduling scheme performs well and achieves a higher spatial multiplexing gain.
Text Simplification without Simplified Corpora (2018)

難解なテキストと平易なテキストからなる大規模な単言語パラレルコーパスを用いて，テキスト平易化が活発に研究されている．しかし，英語以外の多くの言語では平易に書かれた大規模なコーパスを利用できないため，テキスト平易化のためのパラレルコーパスを構築するコストが高い．そこで本研究では，テキスト平易化のための大規模な疑似パラレルコーパスを自動構築する教師なし手法を提案する．我々の提案するフレームワークでは，リーダビリティ推定と文アライメントを組み合わせることによって，生コーパスのみからテキスト平易化のための単言語パラレルコーパスを自動構築する．統計的機械翻訳を用いた実験の結果，生コーパスのみを用いて学習した我々のテキスト平易化モデルは，平易に書かれた大規模なコーパスを用いて学習した従来のテキスト平易化モデルと同等の性能で平易な同義文を生成できた．
Control and automation of the Manchester to Liverpool sludge pipeline of the North West Water Authority. Part 1 (1989)

The sludge pipeline scheme, enabling the transfer of the Authority's sludge shipping operation to the new Liverpool Sewage Treatment Works, consists of five pumping stations operating in series, with variable speed control to suit the varying hydraulic requirements. It is an example of a fully integrated automation system in the water industry, using communicating PLCs
Performance Improvement of Magnesium Sulfur Batteries with Modified Non‐Nucleophilic Electrolytes (2014)

The combination of a magnesium anode with a sulfur cathode is one of the most promising electrochemical couples because of its advantages of good safety, low cost, and a high theoretical energy density. However, magnesium sulfur batteries are still in a very early stage of research and development, and the discovery of suitable electrolytes is the key challenge for further improvement. Here, a new preparation method for non‐nucleophilic electrolyte solutions using a two‐step reaction in one‐pot is presented, which provides a feasible way to optimize the physiochemical properties of the electrolyte for the application in magnesium sulfur batteries. The first use of modified electrolytes in glymes and binary solvents of glyme and ionic liquid shows beneficial effects on the performance of magnesium sulfur batteries. New insights into the reaction mechanism of electrochemical conversion between magnesium and sulfur are also investigated.
SOLID-STATE ACOUSTOELECTRIC LIGHT SCANNER (1967)

Light-emitting p-n junctions are scanned by an acoustic domain traveling at sound velocity in CdS at room temperature. The light elements are heterojunctions formed by depositing p-Cu2S on n-CdS. The acoustic domain is generated in CdS by applying a bias electric field which gives the electrons a drift velocity greater than the shear sound velocity. When the acoustic domain is in the vicinity of a p-n junction, part of the acoustic energy is transformed into light. As the domain travels between consecutive light elements it replenishes its lost acoustic energy from the bias electric field.
Insulin granule trafficking in β-cells: mathematical model of glucose-induced insulin secretion (2007)

A mathematical model that represents the dynamics of intracellular insulin granules in beta-cells is proposed. Granule translocation and exocytosis are controlled by signals assumed to be essentially related to ATP-to-ADP ratio and cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration. The model provides an interpretation of the roles of the triggering and amplifying pathways of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Values of most of the model parameters were inferred from available experimental data. The numerical simulations represent a variety of experimental conditions, such as the stimulation by high K(+) and by different time courses of extracellular glucose, and the predicted responses agree with published experimental data. Model capacity to represent data measured in a hyperglycemic clamp was also tested. Model parameter changes that may reflect alterations of beta-cell function present in type 2 diabetes are investigated, and the action of pharmacological agents that bind to sulfonylurea receptors is simulated.
Gradient index retroreflector (2023)

A retroreflector is formed of a graded index lens and a reflective coating at one end. The lens has a length of an odd multiple of a quarter period thereof. Hexagonally shaped graded index lenses may be closely packed in an array to form a retroreflecting surface.
A multicore system using NoC communication for parallel coarse-grain data processing (2013)

We design a Multicores System On-Chip (MPSoC) that uses Network-on-Chip (NoC) as the communication interconnect between the cores. The system is designed to perform parallel coarse-grain data processing. As a comparison, we also build a bus-based system that contains the same number of cores. UVM based cycle accurate test is created to measure the performance of bothsystems and to show the advantages of the NoC interconnect.
The Reaction between Selenium Tetrachloride and Copper. (1926)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction between Selenium Tetrachloride and Copper.W. W. Taylor, E. B. R. Prideaux, and H. G. PoolCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1926, 48, 8, 2129–2130Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1926Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1926https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01419a504https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01419a504research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts