gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression and analysis of the glycosylation properties of recombinant human erythropoietin expressed in Pichia pastoris (2011)

The Pichia pastoris expression system was used to produce recombinant human erythropoietin, a protein synthesized by the adult kidney and responsible for the regulation of red blood cell production. The entire recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) gene was constructed using the Splicing by Overlap Extension by PCR (SOE-PCR) technique, cloned and expressed through the secretory pathway of the Pichia expression system. Recombinant erythropoietin was successfully expressed in P. pastoris. The estimated molecular mass of the expressed protein ranged from 32 kDa to 75 kDa, with the variation in size being attributed to the presence of rhEPO glycosylation analogs. A crude functional analysis of the soluble proteins showed that all of the forms were active in vivo.
Art for a contemporary Belfast (2010)

Article and images in German magazine: stadtkunst kunststadt Nr. 57, 2010. Art and urban city space – art and commemoration. Publisher: Office for Art in Public Spaces Berlin. The magazine is giving an overview of the activities of art in public space in Berlin. Main themes: ‘Art and Space’, ‘Politics and Culture of commemoration’, theoretical discourse, commissions.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A Predictor of Type 2 Diabetes? (2017)

This review suggests that the GLP-1 response is a variable in prediabetes possibly due to a varying GLP-1-secreting profile during the development and progression of type 2 diabetes or difference in the measurement technique. Longitudinal prospective studies are needed to assess whether a reduced GLP-1 response is a predictor of diabetes.
Structural diversity in a human antibody germline library (2016)

To support antibody therapeutic development, the crystal structures of a set of 16 germline variants composed of 4 different kappa light chains paired with 4 different heavy chains have been determined. All four heavy chains of the antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) have the same complementarity-determining region (CDR) H3 that was reported in an earlier Fab structure. The structure analyses include comparisons of the overall structures, canonical structures of the CDRs and the VH:VL packing interactions. The CDR conformations for the most part are tightly clustered, especially for the ones with shorter lengths. The longer CDRs with tandem glycines or serines have more conformational diversity than the others. CDR H3, despite having the same amino acid sequence, exhibits the largest conformational diversity. About half of the structures have CDR H3 conformations similar to that of the parent; the others diverge significantly. One conclusion is that the CDR H3 conformations are influenced by both their amino acid sequence and their structural environment determined by the heavy and light chain pairing. The stem regions of 14 of the variant pairs are in the 'kinked' conformation, and only 2 are in the extended conformation. The packing of the VH and VL domains is consistent with our knowledge of antibody structure, and the tilt angles between these domains cover a range of 11 degrees. Two of 16 structures showed particularly large variations in the tilt angles when compared with the other pairings. The structures and their analyses provide a rich foundation for future antibody modeling and engineering efforts.
Structural requirements for the interaction of p21ras with GAP, exchange factors, and its biological effector target (1993)

From the multitude of mutations that have been tested in p21ras, a common theme emerges regarding its interaction with the effector target, GAPs, and the newly discovered exchange factors. Many of the mutations that result in dysfunction for all three types of interactions are localized to the switch 1 and switch 2 regions of the p21ras three-dimensional structure (Fig. 2). These two regions change conformation on GTP binding by p21ras and, accordingly, both GAP binding and Ras biological activity are GTP-dependent processes. In addition, certain mutations in the switch 1 and 2 regions alter the affinity of GAP for p21ras, again implicating this region in the binding interaction. On the other hand, the SDC25 exchange factor appears to promote dissociation of both GTP and GDP from p21ras, suggesting that the overall conformation of the switch 1 and 2 regions may not be important for recognition by SDC25. Moreover, none of the switch 1 or 2 mutations that impaired stimulation by SDC25 affected its binding to p21ras. This suggests that these residues are essential for the mechanism of activation by SDC25 but not for its binding to p21ras. Amino acids at positions 73, 75, and possibly 102 and 103 appear also to be involved in the activation of p21ras by exchange factors. Whether these are required for binding to the exchanger has not been reported.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure (2<i>S</i><b>,</b>3<i>R</i><b>,</b>4<i>S</i>)‐4‐Hydroxyisoleucine, an Insulinotropic Amino Acid Isolated from Fenugreek Seeds (2004)

Abstract A short six‐step synthesis of (2 S ,3 R ,4 S )‐4‐hydroxyisoleucine ( 1a ) with total control of stereochemistry is reported, the last step being the enzymatic resolution by hydrolysis of a N ‐phenylacetyl lactone derivative using the commercially available penicillin acylase G immobilized on Eupergit C (E‐PAC). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Effects of Optically Imposed Astigmatism on Emmetropization in Infant Monkeys (2004)

In the presence of significant amounts of astigmatism, emmetropization is directed toward one of the two focal planes associated with the astigmatic principal meridians and not the circle of least confusion. These results suggest that the mechanisms responsible for emmetropization are insensitive to stimulus orientation and the global form of the retinal image. It appears that emmetropization seeks out the image plane that contains the maximum effective contrast integrated across spatial frequency and stimulus orientation.
Newer antidepressants and panic disorder (2012)

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine are currently considered as first-line agents for patients with panic disorder (PD). However, a systematic comparison of newer antidepressants for the treatment of PD is lacking thus far. Eligible studies focusing on PD patients treated with newer antidepressants were entered in the Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager. Our primary outcome measure was the mean change in panic symptoms from the baseline to the endpoint in patients treated with antidepressants as compared with those treated with placebo. Secondary outcome measures included the mean change in the overall anxiety scores and dropout rates. Sensitivity analyses were also carried out. Fifty studies focusing on 5236 patients were included. The following antidepressants were significantly superior to placebo for PD patients with the following increasing order of effectiveness: citalopram, sertraline, paroxetine, fluoxetine, and venlafaxine for panic symptoms and paroxetine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine for overall anxiety symptoms. Aside from reboxetine and fluvoxamine, all drugs were associated with significantly lower dropout rates as compared with placebo. Several clinical variables moderated clinical outcomes. However, because of some inconsistencies across the studies and limited evidence for some drugs under investigation, further head-to-head comparisons are required.
Monitoring water uptake of polyurethanes by in situ fluorescence technique (2001)

The water uptake of three polyurethane adhesives was studied by an in situ fluorescence method applying extrinsic fluorescent probes. The measurements were made in water immersion at 50 and 80°C, and in water vapor at 50°C. An intensity ratio method was applied, in which ratios of the highest and lowest intensity changes in the fluorescence emission bands were used to determine the amount of water sorbed in the polymer films. The ratio method was used to compare the fluorescence data with those obtained by a conventional gravimetric method. Comparable results were obtained. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1593–1599, 2001
PARA PONER A LA EVALUACIÓN SOBRE SUS PIES (1998)

El pasado 12 de marzo aparecio, en el espacio de opinion del diario Publico, la colaboracion semanal de Fernando Escalante Gonzalbo, intitulada La ley y su circunstancia. Aunque la nota editorial del investigador de El Colegio de Mexico cuestionaba, con sobrada razon, la decision presidencial de enviar al Congreso de la Union una iniciativa de ley sobre derechos y cultura indigenas porque, a su juicio, el plumazo per se no resuelve los muchisimos y abigarrados problemas indigenas, la logica de su argumentacion se presta, creemos, para tratar el asunto que nos ocupa.
Efficacy of escitalopram in the treatment of major depressive disorder compared with conventional selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine XR: a meta-analysis (2006)

In this meta-analysis, escitalopram showed significant superiority in efficacy compared with the active controls.
The TGL2 Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Encodes an Active Acylglycerol Lipase Located in the Mitochondria (2009)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Tgl2 protein shows sequence homology to Pseudomonas triacylglycerol (TAG) lipases, but its role in the yeast lipid metabolism is not known. Using hemagglutinin-tagged Tgl2p purified from yeast, we report that this protein carries a significant lipolytic activity toward long-chain TAG. Importantly, mutant hemagglutinin-Tgl2p(S144A), which contains alanine 144 in place of serine 144 in the lipase consensus sequence (G/A)XSXG exhibits no such activity. Although cellular TAG hydrolysis is reduced in the tgl2 deletion mutant, overproduction of Tgl2p in this mutant leads to an increase in TAG degradation in the presence of fatty acid synthesis inhibitor cerulenin, but that of Tgl2p(S144A) does not. This result demonstrates the lipolytic function of Tgl2p in yeast. Although other yeast TAG lipases are localized to lipid particles, Tgl2p is enriched in the mitochondria. The mitochondrial fraction purified from the TGL2-overexpressing yeast shows a strong lipolytic activity, which was absent in the tgl2 deletion mutant. Therefore, we conclude that Tgl2p is a functional lipase of the yeast mitochondria. By analyzing phenotypic effects of TGL2-deficient yeast, we also find that lipolysis-competent Tgl2p is required for the viability of cells treated with antimitotic drug. The addition of oleic acid, the product of Tgl2p-catalyzed lipolysis, fully complements the antimitotic drug sensitivity of the tgl2 null mutation. Thus, we propose that the mitochondrial Tgl2p-dependent lipolysis is crucial for the survival of cells under antimitotic drug treatment.
Planning pick-and-place tasks with two-hand regrasping (2010)

This paper proposes a planning framework to deal with the problem of computing the motion of a robot with dual arm/hand, during an object pick-and-place task. We consider the situation where the start and goal configurations of the object constrain the robot to grasp the object with one hand, to give it to the other hand, before placing it in its final configuration. To realize such a task, the proposed framework treats the grasp computation, for one or two multi-fingered hands, of an arbitrarily-shaped object, the exchange configuration and finally the motion of the robot arms and body. In order to improve the planner performance, a context-independent grasp list is computed offline for each hand and for the given object as well as computed offline roadmap that will be adapted according to the environment composition. Simulation results show the planner performance on a complex scenario.
S100A1 Is a Novel Molecular Chaperone and a Member of the Hsp70/Hsp90 Multichaperone Complex (2004)

Although calmodulin is known to be a component of the Hsp70/Hsp90 multichaperone complex, the functional role of the protein remains uncertain. In this study, we have identified S100A1, but not calmodulin or other S100 proteins, as a potent molecular chaperone and a new member of the multichaperone complex. Glutathione S-transferase pull-down assays and co-immunoprecipitation experiments indicated the formation of stable complexes between S100A1 and Hsp90, Hsp70, FKBP52, and CyP40 both in vitro and in mammalian cells. S100A1 potently protected citrate synthase, aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and rhodanese from heat-induced aggregation and suppressed the aggregation of chemically denatured rhodanese and citrate synthase during the refolding pathway. In addition, S100A1 suppressed the heat-induced inactivation of citrate synthase activity, similar to that for Hsp90 and p23. The chaperone activity of S100A1 was antagonized by calmodulin antagonists, such as fluphenazine and prenylamine, that is, indeed an intrinsic function of the protein. The overexpression of S100A1 in COS-7 cells protected transiently expressed firefly luciferase and Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase from inactivation during heat shock. The results demonstrate a novel physiological function for S100A1 and bring us closer to a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the Hsp70/Hsp90 multichaperone complex.
한국영화산업 구조변화와 영화산업정책 - 수직적 결합을 중심으로 - (2006)

지난 10여 년간 한국영화산업은 급속한 성장을 하였고 최근 몇 년간 한국영화는 50%를 넘는 시장점유율을 기록하고 있으며 2004년에는 시장점유율이 60%에 육박하는 등 높은 성장세를 나타내고 있다. 이와 같은 한국영화산업의 성장요인에 대해 여러 가지 견해가 제시되어 왔지만 영화산업의 구조적 측면에서의 고찰은 제대로 이루어지지 않았다. 과거 1960년대...
A short efficient synthesis of (S)-4-amino-5-hexenoic acid [(S)-vigabatrin] (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA short efficient synthesis of (S)-4-amino-5-hexenoic acid [(S)-vigabatrin]Zhong Yong Wei and Edward E. KnausCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 6, 1586–1588Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00058a050RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views488Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (339 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Hollow waveguide delivery system for the ophthalmology treatment (2003)

For the purpose of the ophthalmology treatments a special hollow waveguide based delivery instrument was developed. It consists of a 2 m long cyclic olefin polymer coated silver hollow glass waveguide (inner diameter 700 μm) and the special cap allowing the contact of the waveguide with the wet eye tissues. The transmission characteristics for a delivery of a mid-infrared Er:YAG radiation (2.94 μm) was measured. Then the pre-clinical interaction experiments of the Er:YAG laser radiation with the eye tissue (cornea, lens, and sclera) were performed with this delivery instrument. A comparison of two types of interactions results - the action of Er:YAG free running - 40 μs long pulses and giant 450 ns long pulses were made. The human eye tissues (in vitro) were cut and samples (cornea, lens, and sclera) were gradually irradiated by the mid-infrared radiation with the energy of 7 mJ (the corresponding spot size diameter was equal ~ 700 μm). The laser energy density used in this experiment was 1.8 J/cm<sup>2</sup>. From results it can be concluded that the giant pulses are more efficient in the ablation of the cornea, they are comparable with the free-running long pulses in the case of lens grinding, and they are less functioning for the sclera perforation. As concern the hollow waveguide delivery system, it has been proved that the energy delivered by this system was sufficient and suitable in both cases for delivery of long - free-running pulses, and short - giant pulses as well.
The performance and energy consumption of three embedded real-time operating systems (2001)

This paper presents the modeling of embedded systems with SimBed, an execution-driven simulation testbed that measures the execution behavior and power consumption of embedded applications and RTOSs by executing them on an accurate architectural model of a microcontroller with simulated real-time stimuli. We briefly describe the simulation environment and present a study that compares three RTOSs: μC/OS-II, a popular public-domain embedded real-time operating system; Echidna, a sophisticated, industrial-strength (commercial) RTOS; and NOS, a bare-bones multi-rate task scheduler reminiscent of typical "roll-your-own" RTOSs found in many commercial embedded systems. The microcontroller simulated in this study is the Motorola M-CORE processor: a low-power, 32-bit CPU core with 16-bit instructions, running at 20MHz.
A conserved basic loop in hepatitis C virus p7 protein is required for amantadine-sensitive ion channel activity in mammalian cells but is dispensable for localization to mitochondria (2004)

We previously identified the function of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) p7 protein as an ion channel in artificial lipid bilayers and demonstrated that this in vitro activity is inhibited by amantadine. Here we show that the ion channel activity of HCV p7 expressed in mammalian cells can substitute for that of influenza virus M2 in a cell-based assay. This was also the case for the p7 from the related virus, bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). Moreover, amantadine was shown to abrogate HCV p7 function in this assay at a concentration that specifically inhibits M2. Mutation of a conserved basic loop located between the two predicted trans-membrane alpha helices rendered HCV p7 non-functional as an ion channel. The intracellular localization of p7 was unaffected by this mutation and was found to overlap significantly with membranes associated with mitochondria. Demonstration of p7 ion channel activity in cellular membranes and its inhibition by amantadine affirm the protein as a target for future anti-viral chemotherapy.
Wafer-level packaging and direct interconnection technology based on hybrid bonding and through silicon vias (2011)

The presented wafer-level packaging technology enables the direct integration of electrical interconnects during low-temperature wafer bonding of a cap substrate featuring through silicon vias (TSVs) onto a MEMS device wafer. The hybrid bonding process is based on hydrophilic direct bonding of plasma-activated Si/SiO2 surfaces and the simultaneous interconnection of the device metallization layers with Cu TSVs by transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of ultra-thin AuSn connects. The direct bond enables precise geometry definition between device and cap substrate, whereas the TLP bonding does not require a planarization of the interconnect metallization before bonding. The complete process flow is successfully validated and the fabricated devices' characterization evidenced ohmic interconnects without interfacial voids in the TLP bond.
Mast Cell Tryptase Controls Paracellular Permeability of the Intestine (2005)

Tight junctions between intestinal epithelial cells prevent ingress of luminal macromolecules and bacteria and protect against inflammation and infection. During stress and inflammation, mast cells mediate increased mucosal permeability by unknown mechanisms. We hypothesized that mast cell tryptase cleaves protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) on colonocytes to increase paracellular permeability. Colonocytes expressed PAR2 mRNA and responded to PAR2 agonists with increased [Ca2+]i. Supernatant from degranulated mast cells increased [Ca2+]i in colonocytes, which was prevented by a tryptase inhibitor, and desensitized responses to PAR2 agonist, suggesting PAR2 cleavage. When applied to the basolateral surface of colonocytes, PAR2 agonists and mast cell supernatant decreased transepithelial resistance, increased transepithelial flux of macromolecules, and induced redistribution of tight junction ZO-1 and occludin and perijunctional F-actin. When mast cells were co-cultured with colonocytes, mast cell degranulation increased paracellular permeability of colonocytes. This was prevented by a tryptase inhibitor. We determined the role of ERK1/2 and of beta-arrestins, which recruit ERK1/2 to PAR2 in endosomes and retain ERK1/2 in the cytosol, on PAR2-mediated alterations in permeability. An ERK1/2 inhibitor abolished the effects of PAR2 agonist on permeability and redistribution of F-actin. Down-regulation of beta-arrestins with small interfering RNA inhibited PAR2-induced activation of ERK1/2 and suppressed PAR2-induced changes in permeability. Thus, mast cells signal to colonocytes in a paracrine manner by release of tryptase and activation of PAR2. PAR2 couples to beta-arrestin-dependent activation of ERK1/2, which regulates reorganization of perijunctional F-actin to increase epithelial permeability. These mechanisms may explain the increased epithelial permeability of the intestine during stress and inflammation.
Anti-amyloid Compounds Inhibit α-Synuclein Aggregation Induced by Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification (PMCA) (2014)

Filaments made of α-synuclein form the characteristic Lewy pathology in Parkinson and other diseases. The formation of α-synuclein filaments can be reproduced in vitro by incubation of recombinant protein, but the filament growth is very slow and highly variable and so unsuitable for fast high throughput anti-aggregation drug screening. To overcome this obstacle we have investigated whether the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) technique, used for fast amplification of prion protein aggregates, could be adapted for growing α-synuclein aggregates and thus suitable for screening of drugs to affect α-synuclein aggregation for the treatment of the yet incurable α-synucleinopathies. Circular dichroism, electron microscopy, and native and SDS-polyacrylamide gels were used to demonstrate α-synuclein aggregate formation by PMCA, and the strain imprint of the α-synuclein fibrils was studied by proteinase K digestion. We also demonstrated that α-synuclein fibrils are able to seed new α-synuclein PMCA reactions and to enter and aggregate in cells in culture. In particular, we have generated a line of "chronically infected" cells, which transmit α-synuclein aggregates even after multiple passages. To evaluate the sensitivity of the PMCA system as an α-synuclein anti-aggregating drug screening assay a panel of 10 drugs was tested. Anti-amyloid compounds proved efficient in inhibiting α-synuclein fibril formation induced by PMCA. Our results show that α-synuclein PMCA is a fast and reproducible system that could be used as a high throughput screening method for finding new α-synuclein anti-aggregating compounds.