gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automating Robot Programming In The Cleaning And Deburring Workstation Of The Amrf (1989)

In the Cleaning and Deburring Workstation, two robots cooperate to accomplish deburring, buffing, cleaning, and handling of machined metal parts. A technique has been developed which uses part geometry data to generate robot paths automatically. Using a graphics interface, an operator specifies how a part is to be gripped, fixtured, deburred, buffed, and cleaned. A path planner combines this process plan with geometry data to compute robot paths. A workstation controller coordinates the actions of both robots, allowing various steps in the finishing process to be performed simultaneously. This paper describes the methods used to automate the finishing process. INTRODUCTION The Automated Manufacturing Research Facility (AMRF) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly NBS) is a research testbed consisting of three machining workstations, an inspection workstation, a distributed material handling workstation, and a cleaning and deburring workstation [1]. Initiated i...
Cyclophosphamide and tucotuzumab (huKS-IL2) following first-line chemotherapy in responding patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (2015)

The humanized KS-interleukin-2, tucotuzumab (huKS-IL2; EMD 273066), is an EpCAM-specific immunocytokine with reported immunologic activity in combination with cyclophosphamide. This Phase 2, randomized, open-label study compared tucotuzumab/cyclophosphamide, administered as maintenance, with best supportive care (BSC) in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) who responded to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy with/without prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI). Patients received cyclophosphamide (300 mg/m, Day 1 of every 3-week cycle), followed by tucotuzumab (1.5 mg/m, Days 2-4) until disease progression. The primary endpoint was 6-month progression-free survival (PFS); the secondary objectives included overall survival (OS), treatment response, and safety. The 6-month PFS rate was lower in the tucotuzumab/cyclophosphamide group (n=64) than in the BSC group (n=44): 6.4 versus 12.2% [hazard ratio (HR): 0.98; 80% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-1.31]. HRs for PFS, time to progression, and OS indicated a similar risk of disease progression and death in both groups and best overall responses were generally comparable. For patients with previous PCI (n=26), there was a nonsignificant trend toward prolonged median PFS (1.7 vs. 1.5 months; HR: 0.60; 80% CI: 0.33-1.11) and OS (21.5 vs. 14.3 months; HR: 0.58; 80% CI: 0.31-1.05) in the tucotuzumab/cyclophosphamide group. Adverse events were more frequent with tucotuzumab/cyclophosphamide (92.2%) than with BSC (47.7%). Tucotuzumab/cyclophosphamide was well tolerated in ED-SCLC patients, but did not show PFS or OS benefits compared with BSC. The observed trend toward prolonged PFS and OS in the subgroup of patients receiving previous PCI may support further confirmation in a larger population.
A comparison of peritoneal dialysance (D) during CAPD, intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD) and tidal PD (TPD) in awake normal dogs. (1991)

The important variables which determine peritoneal clearances include: residual volume, cycle volume, and cycle frequency. Various combinations of these variables result in CAPD, IPD, and TPD schedules. We decided to develop an animal model in which the clearances of these modes could be compared, performing dialysis on awake dogs with normal kidney function. In five successive experiments, two silicone catheters were placed in the abdomen of anesthetized dogs, one in the lower abdomen and one between the liver and diaphragm. On successive days, with the dogs awake but lying down, CAPD, IPD, and TPD schedules were performed for 4 hours, using 1.5% Inpersol (Abbott Laboratories, IL.). For CAPD the infused volume was 2 liters, drained at 4 hours. For IPD, 2 liters were infused and drained each hour. For TPD, one liter residual was infused, and another liter infused and drained each 20 minutes, to result in a 3 liter/hour flow-through-rate. The dialysance of glucose (Dglu) was calculated from changes in dialysate and blood glucose concentration. Dglu reproducibly predicted the Durea, with Dglu = 0.6 Durea. Our experiments demonstrated that without efforts to optimize TPD, its dialysance is similar to that of standard TPD. The higher average TP volume of TPD offsets the higher fluid flow rate of TPD schedules. Both IPD and TPD have higher dialysance than CAPD.
Sulfur Influences on Rumen Microorganisms In Vitro and in Sheep and Calves (1986)

When continuously cultured ruminal microbes were given orchardgrass hay and sufficient sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid to maintain a pH of 5.5, fermentation and numbers of protozoa were reduced compared with cultures whose pH was controlled with phosphoric acid. Likewise, when sulfur-deficient, purified diets were supplied to cultures, less methane (mmol X liter-1 X d-1), 3.2 vs 32.6, was produced and fewer cellulolytic bacteria (log10/ml), 5.8 vs 7.2 were present than when cultures were given the same diet supplemented with .3% elemental sulfur. The rumen of sheep fed the .04% sulfur diet had reduced digesta weights (1.69 vs 3.2 kg) compared with sheep fed the diet with .34% sulfur at the same intake. There also was reduced methanogenesis 12.3 vs 25.8 mmol X liter-1 X d-1) and reduced numbers of cellulolytic bacteria (7.4 vs 8.4 log10/ml) in sulfur-deficient sheep in comparison to sulfur-supplemented sheep. In growing calves, the same types of bacteria predominated in the rumen, but more facultative anaerobic bacteria were isolated from calves fed .04% sulfur than from calves fed diets with .34 to 1.72% sulfur. None of the dietary levels of sulfur appeared toxic. Regardless of treatment, volatile fatty acids were more predominant than lactic acid as end-products of fermentation of ruminal microbes in fermenters, sheep and calves. The greater methanogenesis and the greater cellulolytic bacterial numbers of sulfur-supplemented sheep compared with sulfur-deficient in vitro cultures, is interpreted to be the result of recycling of sulfur to the rumen in sheep where it is efficiently scavengered by ruminal bacteria.
A re‐evaluation of 9‐<scp>HODE</scp> activity at <scp>TRPV</scp>1 channels in comparison with anandamide: enantioselectivity and effects at other <scp>TRP</scp> channels and in sensory neurons (2012)

This article is part of a themed section on Cannabinoids. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.167.issue-8.
Oxidative Stress and Reactive Oxygen Species (2005)

This article discusses different aspects concerning classification/nomenclature, biochemical properties and pathophysiological roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are pivotal to interpret the concept of oxidative stress. In vitro studies in both the prokaryotes and eukaryotes clearly demonstrate that exogenous or constitutive and inducible endogenous sources of ROS together with cofactors such as transition metals can damage virtually all the biomolecules. This adverse chemistry is at the origin of structural and metabolic defects that ultimately may lead to cell dysfunction and death as underlying mechanisms in tissue degeneration processes. The same biomolecular interpretation of aging has been proposed to embodies an oxidative stress-based process and oxidative stress may virtually accompany all the inflammatory events. As a consequence, ROS have proposed to play several roles in the pathogenesis of chronic-degenerative conditions, such as athero-thrombotic events, neurodegeneration, cancer, some forms of anemia, auto-immune diseases, and the entire comorbidity of uremia and diabetes. Nowadays, the chance to investigate biochemical and toxicological aspects of ROS with advanced biomolecular tools has, if needed, still more emphasized the interest on this area of biomedicine. These technological advancements and the huge information available in literature represent in our time a challenge to further understand the clinical meaning of oxidative stress and to develop specific therapeutic strategies.
Highly Pathological Influenza A Virus Infection Is Associated with Augmented Expression of PD-1 by Functionally Compromised Virus-Specific CD8<sup>+</sup>T Cells (2013)

One question that continues to challenge influenza A research is why some strains of virus are so devastating compared to their more mild counterparts. We approached this question from an immunological perspective, investigating the CD8(+) T cell response in a mouse model system comparing high- and low-pathological influenza virus infections. Our findings reveal that the early (day 0 to 5) viral titer was not the determining factor in the outcome of disease. Instead, increased numbers of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells and elevated effector function on a per-cell basis were found in the low-pathological infection and correlated with reduced illness and later-time-point (day 6 to 10) viral titer. High-pathological infection was associated with increased PD-1 expression on influenza virus-specific CD8(+) T cells, and blockade of PD-L1 in vivo led to reduced virus titers and increased CD8(+) T cell numbers in high- but not low-pathological infection, though T cell functionality was not restored. These data show that high-pathological acute influenza virus infection is associated with a dysregulated CD8(+) T cell response, which is likely caused by the more highly inflamed airway microenvironment during the early days of infection. Therapeutic approaches specifically aimed at modulating innate airway inflammation may therefore promote efficient CD8(+) T cell activity. We show that during a severe influenza virus infection, one type of immune cell, the CD8 T cell, is less abundant and less functional than in a more mild infection. This dysregulated T cell phenotype correlates with a lower rate of virus clearance in the severe infection and is partially regulated by the expression of a suppressive coreceptor called PD-1. Treatment with an antibody that blocks PD-1 improves T cell functionality and increases virus clearance.
Analysis and design of a dual band reconfigurable VCO (2005)

A systematic approach to the design of reconfigurable LC VCOs is proposed in this paper. The focus is on the choice of the reactive element of the tank most suited to switch the oscillation frequency. The optimum is the component that determines the tank Q. As an example, the design of a GSM900/1800 VCO in a 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, switching a series inductor, is discussed. At this frequency, the tank Q is roughly the inductor Q, and series inductor switching allows area savings with respect to parallel switching.
Nitrogen-Oxygen Complexes as Shallow Donors in Silicon Crystals (1986)

Optical absorption of silicon crystals involving nitrogen and oxygen is investigated at low temperature. New absorption lines are found and attributed to seven defect levels that act as shallow donors. The characteristics of the absorption lines are well described by the effective mass approximation. Five among these seven levels are related to complexes of nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
Feasibility of using GFP-expressing Escherichia coli, coupled with fluorimetry, to determine protozoan ingestion rates (2001)

The feasibility of using a live Escherichia coli population, which had been engineered to express the green fluorescent protein (GFP), coupled with fluorimetry, was tested as a means for determining protozoan ingestion rates. Its potential use was based on evidence that once cells are acidified, e.g. in a food vacuole, the fluorescence is lost. Of the 29 protozoa tested, over 85% ingested the GFP-expressing E. coli and a detailed experiment with the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis was carried out, principally to assess the performance of the live bacterium against two commonly used surrogate prey, i.e. fluorescently labelled bacteria (FLB) and fluorescently labelled microspheres (FLMs). A decrease in GFP-expressing E. coli fluorescence and, hence, concentration, was recorded by fluorimetry and epifluorescence microscopy, with calculated ingestion rates being equivalent. A higher ingestion rate was determined by counting the number of fluorescent E. coli within the ciliate over 120 s, but this was equivalent to that obtained for the stained E. coli using the same direct method of analysis. However, the ciliate was shown to process the stained and unstained E. coli cells differently, with only the latter resulting in an increase in ciliate abundance.
Combined procoagulant activity and proteolytic activity of acute promyelocytic leukemic cells: reversal of the bleeding disorder by cell differentiation (1989)

In the human promyelocytic cell line HL60, we observed both a strong procoagulant activity (PCA) on the cell membrane and proteolytic activity in the lysate of these cells. Because these cell-line cells are susceptible to differentiation to either a more mature granulocytic or monocytic form, we were able to study the hypothesis that the combination of PCA and proteolytic activity is confined to the promyelocyte. This may explain the severe coagulopathy seen in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Cell differentiation in a myeloid direction induced by retinoic acid or DMSO led to a diminished PCA, while not affecting the fibrinolytic activity. On the other hand, monocytic differentiation obtained by culturing the cells in the presence of 1; 25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 led to the complete disappearance of the proteolytic activity of the cell lysate, although the procoagulant activity was still present. Furthermore, we found that the elastase activity almost disappeared after monocytic differentiation. We also studied the PCA, proteolytic activity, and elastase activity of blast cells of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Only in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia did we observe both a strong PCA and fibrinolytic activity. This supports our hypothesis that the combination of these activities is unique to the promyelocyte and may explain the observed bleeding complications in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Portable telephones for 850 MHz cellular systems (1980)

A brief overview of the Bell System's Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) is given. This is followed by a description of the mobile vehicular equipment now operating in the Chicago field trial of this AMPS system. The paper then considers the need for portables and their impact upon a cellular system designed to service vehicle-mounted mobiles. Finally, a discussion is given of portable circuitry and physical design required to minimize power consumption, weight and volume.
Hybrid FE approach for evaluating edge effects incavity-backed arrays (1997)

A numerical hybrid technique is presented which makes use of the finite element method (FEM) for introducing edge effects in the analysis of planar cavity-backed antenna arrays. The technique, based on an application of the equivalence principle, is first applied to a simplified configuration to demonstrate its effectiveness.
Echocardiography Screening for Rheumatic Heart Disease in Ugandan Schoolchildren (2012)

This is one of the largest single-country childhood RHD prevalence studies and the first to be conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. Our data support inclusion of echocardiography in screening protocols, even in the most resource-constrained settings, and identify lower socioeconomic groups as most vulnerable. Longitudinal follow-up of children with echocardiographically diagnosed subclinical RHD is needed.
Heteropolyacids dispersed within a polymer matrix as a new catalytic systems with controlled oxidative‐reductive and acid‐base active centers (2004)

Abstract Polymer support such as polypyrrole was selected as a matrix for heteropolyacid H 5 PMo 10 V 2 O 40 in an attempt to prepare heterogeneous catalysts containing two different active centers: protons and transition metal ions. Exchanging protons from heteropolyanions dispersed in polymer matrix into ferric or ferrous ions cause the modifications of their catalytic properties. It is manifested by decrease of activity of acid‐base centers and increase of activity of oxidative‐reductive centers. Oxidation state of iron in all samples before and after catalytic reaction is the same (Fe(III)), but their structure is not similar. For catalysts doped with ferric ions the structural order is much more pronounced than for these doped with ferrous ions.
Prediction of novel miRNAs and associated target genes in Glycine max (2010)

Our study significantly increased the number of miRNAs known to be expressed in soybean. The bioinformatics analysis provided insight on regulation patterns between the miRNAs and their predicted target genes expression. We also deposited the data in a soybean genome browser based on the UCSC Genome Browser architecture. Using the browser, we annotated the soybean data with miRNA sequences from four tissues and cDNA sequencing data. Overlaying these two datasets in the browser allows researchers to analyze the miRNA expression levels relative to that of the associated target genes. The browser can be accessed at http://digbio.missouri.edu/soybean_mirna/.
Combining Vocal Source and MFCC Features for Enhanced Speaker Recognition Performance Using GMMs (2007)

This work presents seven novel spectral features for speaker recognition. These features are the spectral centroid (SC), spectral bandwidth (SBW), spectral band energy (SBE), spectral crest factor (SCF), spectral flatness measure (SFM), Shannon entropy (SE) and Renyi entropy (RE). The proposed spectral features can quantify some of the characteristics of the vocal source or the excitation component of speech. This is useful for speaker recognition since vocal source information is known to be complementary to the vocal tract transfer function, which is usually obtained using the Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) or linear predication cepstral coefficients (LPCC). To evaluate the performance of the spectral features, experiments were performed using a text-independent cohort Gaussian mixture model (GMM) speaker identification system. Based on 623 users from the TIMIT database, the spectral features achieved an identification accuracy of 99.33% when combined with the MFCC based features and when using undistorted speech. This represents a 4.03% improvement over the baseline system trained with only MFCC and ΔMFCC features.
Managing high-accuracy and fast convergence in OPC (2006)

The transition to the 65nm technology node requires improved methodologies for model based optical proximity correction. The approaches used for previous generations might not be able to deliver the high accuracy which is necessary for gate patterning on high performance or low leakage circuits. A new categorization scheme for OPC fragments will be introduced, which then allows independent optimization for various OPC tool parameters. The feasibility of this technique will be demonstrated by quantifying the OPC convergence through iterations, which emphasizes the performance gain in OPC accuracy and runtime.
Predicting the Risk for Hospital-Onset <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection (HO-CDI) at the Time of Inpatient Admission: HO-CDI Risk Score (2015)

Using clinical parameters available at the time of admission, this HO-CDI model demonstrated good predictive ability, and it may have utility as an early risk identification tool for HO-CDI preventive interventions and outcome comparisons.
1.6 ps pulse generation at 40 GHz in phaselockedring laser incorporating highly nonlinear fibre for application to 160 Gbit/sOTDM networks (1999)

The operation of a 40 GHz pulse source, suitable for application to 160 Gbit/s OTDM networks without external pulse compression, is demonstrated.
Programming in VLSI: From Communicating Processes to Delay-Insensitive Circuits (1989)

No Abstract.
Comparative Mechanical Testing of Different Geometric Designs of Distal First Metatarsal Osteotomies (2007)

The reversed L osteotomy is a promising design combining the advantages of both the chevron and scarf osteotomies. Further investigations need to be performed to confirm its clinical utility.
A Family of Multimodes Charge Pump based DC–DC Converter With High Efficiency over Wide Input and Output Range (2012)

A family of multimodes charge-pump-based two-stage wide input or output range dc-dc converter is proposed for large step-down or step-up applications. The proposed converter contains a multimodes charge pump and a cascaded synchronous buck or boost converter. The charge pump is unregulated and it may be implemented as the prestage in step-down application or as the poststage in step-up application. Moreover, it may adaptively switch between 1×, 0.5×, and 0.33× modes according to the input voltage in step-down case; or switch between 1×, 2×, and 3× modes according to the output requirement in the step-up case. For both cases, the charge pump does the rough voltage conversion, while the buck/boost converter does the fine voltage regulation. Since the charge pump converter and the buck/boost converter exhibit different efficiency tendency when the input or output changes, the total efficiency can get improved by combining them, especially at high input voltage for step-down case or low voltage for step-up case. In this paper, theoretical efficiency analysis and comparisons show the multimode charge-pump-based two-stage solution has superior performance over the traditional single-stage buck/boost solutions. Moreover, the two-stage solution of wide input range dc-dc converter brings benefits to the control loop design and as a result, the bandwidth variation is restrained and the compensator design is simplified. Detailed efficiency analysis with loss breakdown is presented and the performance of the proposed two-stage solution is verified by the designed prototypes.
A novel selective 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitor prevents human adipogenesis (2008)

Glucocorticoid excess increases fat mass, preferentially within omental depots; yet circulating cortisol concentrations are normal in most patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). At a pre-receptor level, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) activates cortisol from cortisone locally within adipose tissue, and inhibition of 11beta-HSD1 in liver and adipose tissue has been proposed as a novel therapy to treat MS by reducing hepatic glucose output and adiposity. Using a transformed human subcutaneous preadipocyte cell line (Chub-S7) and human primary preadipocytes, we have defined the role of glucocorticoids and 11beta-HSD1 in regulating adipose tissue differentiation. Human cells were differentiated with 1.0 microM cortisol (F), or cortisone (E) with or without 100 nM of a highly selective 11beta-HSD1 inhibitor PF-877423. 11beta-HSD1 mRNA expression increased across adipocyte differentiation (P<0.001, n=4), which was paralleled by an increase in 11beta-HSD1 oxo-reductase activity (from nil on day 0 to 5.9+/-1.9 pmol/mg per h on day 16, P<0.01, n=7). Cortisone enhanced adipocyte differentiation; fatty acid-binding protein 4 expression increased 312-fold (P<0.001) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 47-fold (P<0.001) versus controls. This was abolished by co-incubation with PF-877423. In addition, cellular lipid content decreased significantly. These findings were confirmed in the primary cultures of human subcutaneous preadipocytes. The increase in 11beta-HSD1 mRNA expression and activity is essential for the induction of human adipogenesis. Blocking adipogenesis with a novel and specific 11beta-HSD1 inhibitor may represent a novel approach to treat obesity in patients with MS.