gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Light-Gated Memristor with Integrated Logic and Memory Functions (2017)

Memristive devices are able to store and process information, which offers several key advantages over the transistor-based architectures. However, most of the two-terminal memristive devices have fixed functions once made and cannot be reconfigured for other situations. Here, we propose and demonstrate a memristive device "memlogic" (memory logic) as a nonvolatile switch of logic operations integrated with memory function in a single light-gated memristor. Based on nonvolatile light-modulated memristive switching behavior, a single memlogic cell is able to achieve optical and electrical mixed basic Boolean logic of reconfigurable "AND", "OR", and "NOT" operations. Furthermore, the single memlogic cell is also capable of functioning as an optical adder and digital-to-analog converter. All the memlogic outputs are memristive for in situ data storage due to the nonvolatile resistive switching and persistent photoconductivity effects. Thus, as a memdevice, the memlogic has potential for not only simplifying the programmable logic circuits but also building memristive multifunctional optoelectronics.
Wild Florida House Flies (<i>Musca domestica</i>) as Carriers of Pathogenic Bacteria (2010)

Bacteria carried by wild house flies (Musca domestica L.) collected near the rear entrances and dumpsters of 4 restaurants in north central Florida were identified. Live house flies were collected and individually transferred to blood agar plates for 1 h. After removing the flies, the plates were incubated overnight at 37C. Bacterial colonies that were morphologically distinct were isolated from other colonies by streaking onto new plates. The bacteria were identified by fatty acid analysis and sequence of their 16S rRNA gene. The bacterial isolates included 5 new bacterial records for house flies: Acinetobacter baumanni, Bacillus pumilus, Cronobacter sakazakii, Methylobacterium persicinum, and Staphylococcus sciuri. Other bacteria identified have been associated previously with house flies, including Bacillus cereus, B. thuringiensis, Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Staphylococcus xylosus. Most of the organisms recovered from the house fly are serious pathogens, known to produce diseases such as meningitis, food poisoning, diarrhea, abscesses, bloodstream infections, and hemorrhagic colitis. The possible exception is Bacillus thuringiensis, a known pathogen for insects that only occasionally produces allergic reactions in humans. If these organisms are not prevented from entering the food preparation and consumption areas, they could become a serious risk in the transmission of diseases.
The <i>Drosophila</i> embryonic midline is the site of Spitz processing, and induces activation of the EGF receptor in the ventral ectoderm (1996)

The Drosophila EGF receptor (DER) is activated by secreted Spitz to induce different cell fates in the ventral ectoderm. Processing of the precursor transmembrane Spitz to generate the secreted form was shown to be the limiting event, but the cells in which processing takes place and the mechanism that may generate a gradient of secreted Spitz in the ectoderm were not known. The ectodermal defects in single minded (sim) mutant embryos, in which the midline fails to develop, suggested that the midline cells contribute to patterning of the ventral ectoderm. This work shows that the midline provides the site for Spitz expression and processing. The Rhomboid and Star proteins are also expressed and required in the midline. The ectodermal defects of spitz, rho or Star mutant embryos could be rescued by inducing the expression of the respective normal genes only in the midline cells. Rho and Star thus function non-autonomously, and may be required for the production or processing of the Spitz precursor. Secreted Spitz is the only sim-dependent contribution of the midline to patterning the ectoderm, since the ventral defects observed in sim mutant embryos can be overcome by expression of secreted Spitz in the ectoderm. While ectopic expression of secreted Spitz in the ectoderm or mesoderm gave rise to ventralization of the embryo, increased expression of secreted Spitz in the midline did not lead to alterations in ectoderm patterning. A mechanism for adjustment to variable levels of secreted Spitz emanating from the midline may be provided by Argos, which forms an inhibitory feedback loop for DER activation. The production of secreted Spitz in the midline, may provide a stable source for graded DER activation in the ventral ectoderm.
Dielectric Properties of Solid Solutions of BiFeO3 with Pb(Ti, Zr)O3 at High Temperature and High Frequency (1968)

Solid solutions of BiFeO3 with PbTiO3, PbTi0.5Zr0.5O3, and PbZrO3 were prepared. The crystallographic data on these solutions, which are basically perovskitic, are given. The dielectric constants of the materials were determined at a frequency of 0.53 GHz and at temperatures up to 800°C. Dielectric Curie points were found in solutions containing up to 90 mole % BiFeO3. These results leave little doubt that BiFeO3 is ferroelectric or antiferroelectric. The extrapolated Curie point for BiFeO3 is above 850°C. BiFeO3 appears more likely to be ferroelectric than antiferroelectric, but the distinction between the two classifications may not be sharp.
A slipped‐mispairing mutation in AgrA of laboratory strains and clinical isolates results in delayed activation of <i>agr</i> and failure to translate δ‐ and α‐haemolysins (2006)

agr is a global regulator of staphylococcal virulence and other accessory gene functions, especially including the haemolysins. Lack of haemolysin production therefore generally represents a defect in agr function. An example of this is Staphylococcus aureus strain RN4220, a widely used laboratory strain that carries a nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced mutation enabling it to accept DNA from Escherichia coli and other bacteria. We show here that the non-haemolytic phenotype of RN4220 is caused by an extra A residue in a run of seven As at the 3' end of agrA (agrA-8A). This causes a frameshift that results in the addition of three amino acyl residues to the C-terminal end of the protein. The 8A mutation does not inactivate the agr locus, but rather delays agr activation by 2-3 h, which results in failure to translate alpha- and delta-haemolysins, and hence, in a non-haemolytic phenotype. This mutation turned out not to be an adventitious consequence of MNNG mutagenesis, but rather had arisen in RN450, the immediate parent of RN4220. RN450 had become haemolytically heterogeneous in storage, and its non-haemolytic variants had the 8A mutation. The same mutation was also identified in a clinical isolate in which a non-haemolytic variant had arisen during the course of infection. Haemolytic activity in the mutant laboratory strains could be restored by the addition of auto-inducing peptide (AIP) early in growth, indicating that delayed production of RNAIII is responsible for the failure to translate alpha- and delta-haemolysins. Discovery of the 8A mutation has revealed the basis of the dissociation between agr activity and the non-haemolytic phenotype of RN4220, and has solved the long-standing mystery of the variable non-haemolytic phenotype of its immediate parent, RN450. The occurrence of this mutation in a clinical isolate indicates that it is not simply a laboratory phenomenon, and may represent a naturally occurring mechanism for the modulation of agr activity.
Combined Cytotoxicity Effect of Hyperthermia and Anthracycline Antibiotics on Human Tumor Cells<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1985)

The effects of temperature on the anthracycline antibiotics-induced cell kill of DND-1A human malignant melanoma (MM) and DND-39A Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines were studied by means of a clonogenic assay. The two cell lines differed in sensitivity when exposed to heat: The MM cells were unaffected by hyperthermia (42 degrees C), whereas BL cells were sensitive to this temperature. With the MM cells, hyperthermia potentiated the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (ADM), daunorubicin, mitoxantrone (DHAD), and quelamycin but did not enhance that of aclacinomycin (ACM). Conversely, the exposure of cells to the anthracycline compounds at 0 degree C resulted in almost complete disappearance of cell kill effects except with ACM; ACM retained substantial cell kill effects even at the given low temperature. For BL cells, ADM- or DHAD-induced cell lethality was also potentiated by hyperthermia; ACM produced only additive cell kill. At 0 degree C, ACM's effects virtually disappeared. These data indicate that human tumor cell lines have a substantial variety in heat sensitivity and that not every anthracycline antitumor agent is potentiated by temperature. ACM's thermoresponse is unique among anthracycline antibiotics studied. Additionally, it was shown that normothermic cell kill by ADM was not affected by hyperthermic preheating; however, preheating of appropriate duration produced important influence on subsequent hyperthermic ADM-induced cell kill.
Both Hydroxy‐and Methoxyindoles Modify Basal Temperature in the Rat (1987)

The various pineal gland tryptophan metabolites were administered to male rats intraperitoneally (100 micrograms/kg) and rectal temperatures were recorded. Of the compounds tested, hydroxytryptophan, N-acetylserotonin, hydroxytryptophol, and their corresponding methoxyindoles all caused a marked hypothermia, indicating that several indolic products may be involved in thermoregulation. Although the brain penetration of indoles is poor, a central site of action would be most likely, although peripheral actions cannot be excluded. The mechanism of induction of hypothermia may involve peptides, the pituitary-thyroid axis, the adrenal gland, or a combination of these. These results may suggest that the pineal gland integrates environmental cues to act in concert with physiological thermostats in the fine tuning of thermoregulation.
Silica in Hydrometallurgy: An Overview (1986)

Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust; thus, familiarity with the behavior of silica in wet processing systems is important to the hydrometallurgist. Plant problems originating from silica are numerous. These problems often occur in the high-tonnage, high-volume portion of the flowsheet. A plant bottleneck caused by silica is often not recognized until substantial loss of production has occurred. Fundamentals of silicon chemistry are therefore reviewed, focusing on metallurgical hydrochemistry. Examples are given for controlling silica while processing zinc and nickel silicates, refractory metals (W, V, U, Mo, Zr, Ta), copper-dump leach liquors, mine water, high pressure slurries, and acid-bake residues. Production of silicon-based by-products is discussed.
In Vitro Suppression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication by Measles Virus (2005)

During the acute phase of measles, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected children have a transient, but dramatic, decrease in plasma HIV-1 RNA levels (W. J. Moss, J. J. Ryon, M. Monze, F. Cutts, T. C. Quinn, and D. E. Griffin, J. Infect. Dis. 185:1035-1042, 2002). To determine the mechanism(s) by which coinfection with measles virus (MV) decreases HIV-1 replication, we established an in vitro culture system that reproduces this effect. The addition of MV to CCR5- or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1-infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) decreased HIV-1 p24 antigen production in a dose-dependent manner. This decrease occurred with the addition of MV before or after HIV-1. The inhibition of HIV-1 p24 antigen production was decreased when UV-inactivated MV or virus-free supernatant fluid from MV-infected PBMCs was used. Inhibition was not due to increased production of chemokines known to block coreceptor usage by HIV-1, a decrease in the percentage of CD4+ T cells, or a decrease in chemokine receptor expression by CD4+ T cells. Viability of PBMCs was decreased only 10 to 20% by MV coinfection; however, lymphocyte proliferation was decreased by 60 to 90% and correlated with decreased production of p24 antigen. These studies showed that an in vitro system of coinfected PBMCs could be used to dissect the mechanism(s) by which MV suppresses HIV-1 replication in coinfected children and suggest that inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by MV may play a role in the suppression of HIV-1 p24 antigen production.
Imaging of Ferroelectric Domains by Charged Nano-particle Decoration Method (2006)

Direct observation of ferroelectric domain structures on the surface of LiNbO_3 crystal was realized using a charged nano-particle decoration technique.This new method can nondestructively provide the clear contrast image of the domain patterns in the micron-scale resolution and it is also effective,very easy for operation.
Artificial Intelligence Frontiers in Statistics: AI and Statistics III (1996)

Part 1 Statistical expert systems: DEXPERT - an expert system for the design of experiments, T.J. Lorenzen, et al inside two commercially available statistical expert systems, J.F.M. Raes expert system for simulation modelling and sectoral forecasting, M. Ollivier, et al an architecture for knowledge based statistical support systems, A. Prat, et al enhancing explanation capabilities of statistical expert systems through hypertext, P. Hietala measurement scales as metadata, D.J. Hand. Part 2 Belief networks: on the design of belief networks for knowledge-based systems, B. Abramson lack-of-information based control in expert systems, R. Almond adaptive importance sampling for Bayesian networks applied to filtering problems, A.R. Runnalls intelligent arc addition, belief propagation and utilization of parallel processors by probabilistic inference engines, A. Ranjbar and M. McLeish a new method for representing and solving Bayesian decision problems, P.P. Shenoy. Part 3 Learning: inferring causal structure in mixed populations, C. Glymour, et al a knowledge acquisition inductive system guided by empirical interpretation of derived results, K. Tsujino and S. Nishida incorporating statistical techniques into empirical symbolic learning systems, F. Esposito, et al learning classification trees, W. Buntine an analysis of two probabilistic model induction techniques, S.L. Crawford and M. Fung. Part 4 Neural networks: a robust back propagation algorithm for function approximation, D.S. Chen and R.C. Jain maximum likelihood training of neural networks, H. Gish a connectionist knowledge acquisition tool - CONDKAT, A. Ultsch, et al connectionist, rule-based and Bayesian decision aids - an empirical comparison, S. Schwartz, et al. Part 5 Text manipulation: statistical approaches to aligning sentences and identifying word correspondences in parallel texts - a report on work in progress, W.A. Gale and K.W. Church probabilistic text understanding, R.P. Goldman and E. Charniak the application of machine learning techniques in subject classification, I. Kavanagh et al. Part 6 Other areas: a statistical semantics for causation, J. Pearl and T.S. Verma admissible stochastic complexity models for classification problems, P. Smyth combining the probability judgements of experts - statistical and artificial intelligence approaches, L.A. Cox randomness and independence in nonmonotonic reasoning, E. Neufeld consistent regions in probabilistic logic when using different norms, D. Bouchaffra a decision theoretic approach to controlling the cost of planning, L. Hartman.
Hurricane tracking via backpropagation neural network (2002)

A backpropagation neural network is trained using meteorological data for the North Atlantic Ocean Basin. The resulting network is utilized to predict future tracks of hurricanes six hours in advance. Comparison with historical tracking data supplied by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shows surprisingly good agreement between prediction and actual tracks. The methodology appears quite promising for this vital task.
Colitogenic Th1 Cells Are Present in the Antigen-Experienced T Cell Pool in Normal Mice: Control by CD4+ Regulatory T Cells and IL-10 (2003)

CD4(+) regulatory T cells have been shown to prevent intestinal inflammation; however, it is not known whether they act to prevent the priming of colitogenic T cells or actively control these cells as part of the memory T cell pool. In this study, we describe the presence of colitogenic Th1 cells within the CD4(+)CD45RB(low) population. These pathogenic cells enrich within the CD25(-) subset and are not recent thymic emigrants. CD4(+)CD45RB(low) cells from germfree mice were significantly reduced in their ability to transfer colitis to immune deficient recipients, suggesting the presence of commensal bacteria in the donor mice drives colitogenic T cells into the Ag-experienced/memory T cell pool. This potentially pathogenic population of Ag-experienced T cells is subject to T cell-mediated regulation in vivo by both CD4(+)CD25(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-) cells in an IL-10-dependent manner. Furthermore, administration of an anti-IL-10R mAb to unmanipulated adult mice was sufficient to induce the development of colitis. Taken together, these data indicate that colitogenic Th1 cells enter into the Ag-experienced pool in normal mice, but that their function is controlled by regulatory T cells and IL-10. Interestingly, IL-10 was not absolutely required for CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell-mediated inhibition of colitis induced by transfer of naive CD4(+)CD45RB(high) cells, suggesting a differential requirement for IL-10 in the regulation of naive and Ag-experienced T cells.
Retinal transformation at metamorphosis in the winter flounder (<i>Pseudopleuronectes americanus</i>) (1993)

Winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) are hatched as bilaterally symmetric larvae which live near the ocean surface. At metamorphosis, they become laterally compressed, one eye migrates to the opposite side of the head, and they live the remainder of their lives lying on their blind side on the ocean floor. The present study characterizes and quantifies retinal cell distribution throughout the larval period and contrasts it with the adult retina. Based on light- and electron-microscopic analyses, retinas of larval flounder contain only a single cone-like photoreceptor type, arranged in a hexagonal array. In contrast, after metamorphosis, the adult retina has three types of photoreceptors: rods, single cones, and double cones. Rod photoreceptors are numerous in the ventral retina and decrease in density dorsad. The cone photoreceptor density, in contrast to rods, is higher in the dorsal retina decreasing ventrad. Adult cone photoreceptors are arranged in a square mosaic with four double cones surrounding one single cone. The differences in larval and adult retinal morphology reflect the distinctly different habitat each occupies.
A New Method for Non-destructive Measurement of Biomass, Growth Rates, Vertical Biomass Distribution and Dry Matter Content Based on Digital Image Analysis (2006)

The methods presented are time and cost effective compared with traditional methods, especially if development or growth rates are to be measured repeatedly. Hence, they offer an alternative way of determining biomass, especially as they are non-destructive and address not only FBM and DBM, but also vertical biomass distribution and DMC.
Effect of pH on the Chemical Preparation of Barium‐Strontium Titanate (1965)

Lanthanum‐doped Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 4TiO (OH) 2 C 2 O 4 .4H 2 O was prepared by precipitation from a pH‐controlled oxalic acid solution for conversion to the titanate. TGA and DTA support the proposed formula of a hydrated, mixed hydroxyoxalate. Density and resistivity measurements of the titanates are correlated as a function of lanthanum content.
Genetic Markers Associated with Green and Albino Plant Regeneration from Embryogenic Barley Callus (2001)

Genetic control of plant regeneration from cultured plant tissues has been documented for a number of species. The characterization and manipulation of loci that influence morphogenic responses may be useful for the development of highly regenerable germplasm or for physiological investigations. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for morphogenesis from barley cell cultures were identified on the basis of associations of mapped markers with the regeneration responses of 77 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from the cross Steptoe/Morex. Two models were developed, one describing green plant regeneration, and one describing albino plant regeneration, measured as the numbers of green and albino plants regenerated per gram fresh weight of embryogenic callus. Approximately 62 and 12% of the observed variability for green and albino plant regeneration, respectively, was explained by the models. An independent data set was developed that consisted of the regeneration responses of 25 additional DH lines which were chosen randomly from the same segregating population. The models were tested for their ability to predict the responses of these independent DH lines. This study identified new QTLs for plant regeneration (one for green plants and at least one for albino plants), and confirmed previously reported associations of three QTLs with green plant regeneration.
Envelop transient analysis: a new method for the transient and steady state analysis of microwave communication circuits and systems (2002)

The two popular and general purpose simulation techniques, Time Domain Integration and Harmonic Balance, do not fulfil the requirement for analysis of microwave communication systems with arbitrary modulated carrier frequency. A new technique is presented, which overcomes this default. A dramatic saving in computer memory space and computation time is obtained with respect to the previous methods.
Transplant Glomerulopathy (2008)

Transplant glomerulopathy (TG) is a histologic entity described more than four decades ago. In the last few years, our understanding of TG has improved significantly. Current evidence supports the postulate that TG is a unique pathologic and pathogenic entity distinct from other forms of chronic allograft injury. Detailed electron microscopic studies have shown basement membrane abnormalities in glomerular and peritubular capillaries, indicating that this is a disease of the entire renal capillary network. Staining biopsies for the complement fragment, C4d, showed positivity in subgroups of TG, suggesting the participation of antidonor antibodies. Consistent with this postulate, the incidence of TG is increased in patients with antidonor HLA antibodies prior to the transplant. The use of surveillance biopsies has demonstrated that TG can develop during the first few months after transplantation, although it may remain clinically quiescent for several years. However, TG is progressive, leading to reduced graft survival. Recent studies demonstrated a close association between TG and anti-HLA class II antibodies. Current therapies for TG are likely of limited value. However, it is also likely that an improved understanding of TG pathogenesis will result in the development of effective therapies for this form of progressive kidney allograft damage.