gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Space-time processing for suppression of bottom reverberation (2002)

The major problem for sonars operating in shallow water is the detection of low Doppler targets in the presence of severe bottom reverberation. For a modern sonar with an azimuthally omni-directional transmitter; the Doppler of bottom reverberation is proportional to /spl nu/cos /spl theta/ where /spl nu/ is the speed of the sonar platform and /spl theta/ is measured from the bow or heading direction. For a towed array receiver, reverberation of various Doppler arriving on sidelobes limits the effectiveness of advanced waveforms. This smearing of sidelobe reverberation over a Doppler range of /spl plusmn//spl nu/ makes it difficult to detect targets with speeds less than that of the sonar platform. Standard adaptive beamforming algorithms are ineffective due to the conflict between desire for narrow frequency bins for good Doppler confinement and wide frequency bins for rapid convergence. We present space-time processing algorithms that overcome these difficulties and permit the detection of low Doppler targets from moving platforms.
[Serum-free culture--a theoretical note]. (1991)

Usually the cells are cultured in serum-supplemented media. Since serum is a highly complex, largely undefined fluid, it is difficult to study the interactions of mitogens and cells in a carefully controlled fashion. Serum-free culture methods must be important for escape the complexity of classical serum-containing culture methods. In this short note, I tried to introduce the theoretical field of serum-free culture, mainly emphasizing the importance of growth factors.
Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide and Phenolic Compounds on Horseradish Peroxidase‐Catalyzed Decolorization of Betalain Pigments (1984)

ABSTRACT The effect of hydrogen peroxide and phenolic compounds on the decolorization of betanin and a betaxanthin preparation by horse‐radish peroxidase (HRP) was examined. Betanin was decolorized at a greater rate than the betaxanthm pigments and both reactions were H 2 O 2 ‐dependent. Betaxanthin was more prone to oxidatic decolorization than betanin. 2,4‐Dichlorophenol, resorcinol and o‐toluidine stimulated the decolorization of both pigments. Guaiacol enhanced the peroxidatic decolorization of both pigments to a small extent, but inhibited the oxidatic breakdown of betaxanthin. Possible implications of these results are discussed.
The Comparison of Facial Grading Systems (1986)

To evaluate the relative merits of objective and subjective facial grading systems, we compared the results obtained with the Fisch, House, and Linear Measurement grading techniques in 12 subjects exhibiting varying degrees of palsy. Although most grading systems correlate well with each other, systems can vary dramatically in patient discrimination, interobserver variability, relative underrating and overrating, properties of nerve function selected, objectivity, and clinical definition. Objective and subjective data offer selective advantages.
Expression of the mouse <i>goosecoid</i> gene during mid-embryogenesis may mark mesenchymal cell lineages in the developing head, limbs and body wall (1993)

After an earlier, transient phase of expression in the developing primitive streak of 6.4- to 6.8-day mouse embryos, the homeobox gene goosecoid is now shown to be expressed in a later phase of mouse development, from 10.5 days onwards. The later, spatially restricted domains of goosecoid expression are detected in the head, limbs and ventrolateral body wall. At all sites, the domains of expression are first detected in undifferentiated tissue, and then expression persists as these tissues undergo subsequent morphogenesis. For example, goosecoid expression is noted in the first branchial arch at 10.5 days, and then expression persists as this tissue undergoes morphogenesis to form the lower jaw and the body of the tongue. Expression in tissues around the first branchial cleft persists as these undergo morphogenesis to form the base of the auditory meatus and eustachian tube. Expression in tissues around the newly formed nasal pits persists as these elongate to form the nasal chambers. Expression in the ventral epithelial lining of the otic vesicle persists as this eventually gives rise to the non-sensory epithelium of the cochlea. Expression in the proximal limb buds and ventrolateral body wall persists as these tissues undergo morphogenesis to form proximal limb structures and ventral ribs respectively. Our findings lead us to suggest that the goosecoid gene product plays a role in spatial programming within discrete embryonic fields, and possibly lineage compartments, during organogenesis stages of mouse development.
Motion of Vortex Rings in Water (1972)

Experimental studies were made on the motion of vortex rings ejected from a circular or a lenticular orifice into water. The vortex rings were made visible by fine grains of tin made by electrolysis, and photographs were taken. The diameters and the traveling velocities of the vortex rings were determined from these photographs. There is a favorable range of impulse to produce the stable vortex ring. The traveling velocity of the vortex ring is composed of the velocity of the jet flow and the self-induced velocity of the vortex; the former decays rather rapidly and the latter decreases slowly in time as \(\sqrt{\nu t}\), where t is the time and ν is the kinematic viscosity of water. The vortex ring ejected from a lenticular orifice changes its shape intermittently, and the period of deformation is prolonged continually, while the traveling distance during one period is nearly constant.
Low agreement of visual rating for detailed quantification of pulmonary emphysema in whole-lung CT (2011)

The inter- and intra-operator agreement of detailed assessment of emphysema in the whole lung using a visual scale is low and decreases with increasing emphysema extent.
Characterization of Red/Green Cyanobacteriochrome NpR6012g4 by Solution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Hydrophobic Pocket for the C15-<i>E,anti</i> Chromophore in the Photoproduct (2015)

Cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) are cyanobacterial photosensory proteins distantly related to phytochromes. Like phytochromes, CBCRs reversibly photoconvert between a dark-stable state and a photoproduct via photoisomerization of the 15,16-double bond of their linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophores. CBCRs provide cyanobacteria with complete coverage of the visible spectrum and near-ultraviolet region. One CBCR subfamily, the canonical red/green CBCRs typified by AnPixJg2 and NpR6012g4, can function as sensors of light color or intensity because of their great variation in photoproduct stability. The mechanistic basis for detection of green light by the photoproduct state in this subfamily has proven to be a challenging research topic, with competing hydration and trapped-twist models proposed. Here, we use ¹³C-edited and ¹⁵N-edited ¹H-¹H NOESY solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to probe changes in chromophore configuration and protein-chromophore interactions in the NpR6012g4 photocycle. Our results confirm a C15-Z,anti configuration for the red-absorbing dark state and reveal a C15-E,anti configuration for the green-absorbing photoproduct. The photoactive chromophore D-ring is located in a hydrophobic environment in the photoproduct, surrounded by both aliphatic and aromatic residues. Characterization of variant proteins demonstrates that no aliphatic residue is essential for photoproduct tuning. Taken together, our results support the trapped-twist model over the hydration model for the red/green photocycle of NpR6012g4.
Short Circuit Currents (2005)

The calculation of short circuit currents is a central task for Power System engineers, they are essential parameters for the design of electrical equipment and installations, the operation of power systems and the analysis of outages and faults.
Untersuchungen zur Ferrocenbildung (1966)

Die vier Vorgänge bei der Bildung von Dicyclopentadienyleisen oder Ferrocen aus Eisen (II) chlorid und Cyclopentadien in Gegenwart von Alkalialkoholat, die Herstellung des FeCl 2 , die Umsetzung mit Alkoholat, die Reaktion mit monomerem Cyclopentadien und die Isolierung des Ferrocens, wurden untersucht. Die Verwendung von organischen Lösungsmitteln, in denen sowohl FeCl 3 als auch FeCI 2 löslich sind, ermöglicht kurze Reaktionszeiten und praktisch quantitative Ausbeuten.
New method for nitrosation of proline and related sec-.alpha.-amino acids to N-nitrosamino acids with possible oncogenic activity (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew method for nitrosation of proline and related sec-.alpha.-amino acids to N-nitrosamino acids with possible oncogenic activityH. T. Nagasawa, P. S. Fraser, and D. L. YuzonCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 5, 583–585Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00263a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00263a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MBTI 성격유형에 따른 선호 (選好) 소재와 동일 (同一) 소재의 회화 (繪畵) 적 표현 차이 (1999)

본 연구는 MBTI 성격유형의 차이와 역동성을 체험적인 행동으로 전달하고 이해 할 수 있는 방법의 필요성이 제기되어 그림 그리기에서 MBTI 성격 유형에 따라 선호하는 소재가 있는지와 동일(同一)한 소재라 할지라도 어떻게 표현의 차이가 나타나는지를 연구하였다. 본 연구는 인간관계향상 프로그램 참가자 716명의 그림을 재목과 내용을 기준으로 8가지 소재(꽃, 길, 나무, 집, 하트, 자화상, 스마일, 손)를 기능(ST, SF, NF, NT)과 기질(SJ, SP, NF, NT)로 나누어 사례 분석하였다. 연구 결과 소재는 꽃, 길, 나무, 집, 하트, 자화상, 스마일, 손 순으로 활용되었다. 그리고 기능간, 기능별/기질간, 기질별로 선호하는 그림의 소재와 동일 소재에 대한 표현의 차이가 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 종합해 보면 성격 유형에 따라 선호하는 대표적인 시각적 상징이나 사물이 다르다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 각 성격 유형의 선호성과 경향성의 차이를 자연스럽게 그린 그림의 선호 소재와 표현의 차이에서 확인 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 의의는 먼저, MBTI 교육이나 강의시 성격유형의 차이를 시각적인 상(像)을 통해 전달하는 자료를 개발하는 기초 연구가 될 수 있겠다. 그리고 더 나아가 MBTI 지필(紙筆)검사를 할 수 없는 사람들을 위한 MBTI 그림검사의 기초 자료로도 활용될 수 있겠다.
Pharmacokinetics of Green Tea Catechins in Extract and Sustained-Release Preparations (2008)

Catechins are a major constituent of green tea. For green tea to have cancer therapeutic benefit, catechin concentrations in the range of 100 nM are required continuously until apoptosis (programmed cell death) is induced. To prolong elevated plasma and interstitial concentrations of catechins, a sustained-release formulation of green tea extract was tested and compared to a commercial green tea extract (Tegreen97®). Sustained-release formulations are usually developed in the pharmaceutical industry to slowly deliver the compound over a period of time and increase the dosing interval. Plasma and interstitial fluid (ISF) pharmacokinetics of catechins were determined following an oral dose in the rat. The sustained-release formulation profile included multiple smaller peaks of total catechins in both plasma and ISF. Interstitial fluid profiles of green tea extract indicate that higher catechins concentration and longer duration in tissue than in blood may make a sustained-release form unnecessary.
Swift Bulge Survey: X-ray activity of bursters KS 1741-293, IGR J17445-2747, SAX J1750.8-2900, and symbiotic X-ray binary XMMU J174445.5-295044 (2019)

The Swift Bulge Survey performs rapid shallow mapping of 16 squaredegrees of the Galactic Bulge with short (120-s in 2019) observations(see Atels #10265,#10273,#10305,#10355,#10419,#10422,#10428,#12751). After our first 2019 observations on April 4, 18 and May 8-9, we conducted further Swift Bulge Survey observations on May 16, May 23, and May 30.
Novel LiNi[sub 1−x]Ti[sub x/2]Mg[sub x/2]O[sub 2] Compounds as Cathode Materials for Safer Lithium-Ion Batteries (1999)

A new class of materials has been synthesized. The compound showed a reversible capacity of and stable cycling was demonstrated. Differential scanning calorimetry studies showed much improved thermal stability of these materials in their totally charged states in contact with electrolyte. The exothermic peak at in a charged electrode containing was drastically reduced asx increases in . No exotherm was observed below for in its totally charged state. We believe that the use of these materials will improve the overall safety of batteries. ©1998 The Electrochemical Society
Liver X Receptors (LXRs) Regulate Apolipoprotein AIV-Implications of the Antiatherosclerotic Effect of LXR Agonists (2004)

Liver X receptors (LXRs) regulate target genes that are critical in lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein AIV (ApoAIV) is an apolipoprotein that is associated with chylomicrons and high-density lipoproteins. Plasma ApoAIV level in humans is inversely correlated with coronary artery events and overexpression of ApoAIV in mice results in significant reduction in atherosclerosis. We report here that LXRs directly regulate apoAIV at the transcriptional level. Treatment of C57B6 mice with a synthetic LXR agonist, T0901317, resulted in significant increases in plasma apoAIV that was associated with high-density lipoprotein. Examination of both intestinal and liver apoAIV mRNA revealed specific increases in liver mRNA only. In a human heptoma HepG2 cell model, apoAIV mRNA was up-regulated upon the treatment with either native or synthetic LXR agonists. Nuclear run-on study revealed a significant increase in the ApoAIV transcriptional rate upon LXR activation. Examination of the human apoAIV proximal promoter revealed a potential LXR response element that demonstrated binding with HepG2 nuclear extracts. Cotransfection studies in HepG2 cells indicated that this responsive element was functional in mediating the human ApoAIV gene response to LXR agonists. In addition, we identified a functional LXR-responsive element at 3' end enhancer region of mouse ApoAIV gene. We conclude that ApoAIV is a direct target gene of LXRs that may contribute to the antiatherogenic effect of LXR activation.
Stress migration phenomena in narrow copper lines (2006)

Stress migration (SM) behavior in narrow lines is investigated in detail using different kinds of test patterns. The characteristic of 0.14μm wide line SM failure is different from that of wider line SM failure. The failure rate in the minimum 0.14μm wide line is more than that in 0.2-0.42μm wide lines. The Weibull shape parameter "m" is about 5 in the case of 0.14μm wide line SM failure, in another case they are around 1.4 to 3. Process dependence is also different. These results of the test patterns with different VIA arrangements clarified that the contact between VIA bottom and upper edge in M1 line plays an important role in SM phenomena in narrow copper lines.
Task-Specific Ionic Liquids (2004)

Abstract The covalent tethering of a functional group to one or both of the ions of an otherwise ordinary ionic liquid can imbue the resulting salt with a capacity to interact with dissolved substrates in specific ways. Called “task-specific” ionic liquids (TSIL), these low melting salts are finding an increasing number of applications in synthesis, separations, catalysis, and electrochemistry.
Real-time sentiment analysis of video calls (2019)

In recent years, with ever-increasing internet connection speed and bandwidth, video-focused software has become more and more popular for both work and pleasure. Examples of such applications include Skype, BlueJeans or iOS Face- Time. These applications, and the various interactions facilitated by them contain lots of interesting data that we feel would be very fruitful to gather and analyze. Within the context of this thesis, we focused on evaluating the potential of collecting sentiment analytics from video teleconferencing both on an individual and group level, for the purpose of helping people reflect on their own behavior and regulate their emotions\n.\nTo achieve this, we developed a composable, scalable microservice-based analytics pipeline for video and speech, and a browser-based web application to demonstrate it. We evaluated already existing solutions for gathering sentiment analytics, and integrated two of them into our analytics pipeline. The whole system was deployed in a virtualized container environment using Docker. Be- sides the pipeline and web application, we also designed and implemented some visualizations for the data that we gathered.\n\nIn the end we developed a working prototype, although deeper analysis and evaluation of the actual accuracy of its results needs to be performed. Human emotions are rather difficult to quantize. We found that the current APIs and libraries publicly available for performing sentiment analysis are already quite accurate and feature-rich, and we expect them to get even better.
Protecting NFC data exchange against eavesdropping with encryption record type definition (2016)

Near Field Communication (NFC) is inherently vulnerable to eavesdropping and proximity hijacking attacks. NFC standards itself lack built-in security features against eavesdropping for all the modes of communication in NFC-ecosystem. This drives the application developers to implement customize security features on their own. These non-standard solutions in turn result in the system's security against vulnerabilities being subject to the developer's capability of designing a secure solution. Clearly, this model is a limiting factor in the widespread adoption and deployment of NFC applications. In this paper we propose a standard Encryption Record Type Definition (ERTD) to provide confidentiality to NFC Data Exchange format (NDEF). Subsequently, we develop a fully compliant prototype of our ERTD as a lightweight plug and play confidentiality middleware in the existing NFC communication architecture. Finally, we perform an in-depth performance evaluation, of different confidentiality related primitives that focuses on processing latency and data overheads.
Molecular mapping of QTLs for resistance to<i>Gibberella</i>ear rot, in corn, caused by<i>Fusarium graminearum</i> (2005)

Gibberella ear rot, caused by the fungus Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a serious disease of corn (Zea mays) grown in northern climates. Infected corn is lower yielding and contains toxins that are dangerous to livestock and humans. Resistance to ear rot in corn is quantitative, specific to the mode of fungal entry (silk channels or kernel wounds), and highly influenced by the environment. Evaluations of ear rot resistance are complex and subjective; and they need to be repeated over several years. All of these factors have hampered attempts to develop F. graminearum resistant corn varieties. The aim of this study was to identify molecular markers linked to the genes for resistance to Gibberella ear rot. A recombinant inbred (RI) population, produced from a cross between a Gibberella ear rot resistant line (CO387) and a susceptible line (CG62), was field-inoculated and scored for Gibberella ear rot symptoms in the F4, F6, and F7 generations. The distributions of disease scores were continuous, indicating that resistance is probably conditioned by multiple loci. A molecular linkage map, based on segregation in the F5 RI population, contained 162 markers distributed over 10 linkage groups and had a total length of 2237 cM with an average distance between markers of 13.8 cM. Composite interval mapping identified 11 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Gibberella ear rot resistance following silk inoculation and 18 QTLs following kernel inoculation in 4 environments that accounted for 6.7%-35% of the total phenotypic variation. Only 2 QTLs (on linkage group 7) were detected in more than 1 test for silk resistance, and only 1 QTL (on linkage group 5) was detected in more than 1 test for kernel resistance, confirming the strong influence of the environment on these traits. The majority of the favorable alleles were derived from the resistant parent (CO387). The germplasm and markers for QTLs with significant phenotypic effects may be useful for marker-assisted selection to incorporate Gibberella ear rot resistance into commercial corn cultivars.
Interaction between S100A8/A9 and Annexin A6 Is Involved in the Calcium-induced Cell Surface Exposition of S100A8/A9 (2008)

The calcium binding S100A8/A9 complex (MRP8/14; calgranulin) is considered as an important proinflammatory mediator in acute and chronic inflammation and has recently gained attention as a molecular marker up-regulated in various human cancers. Here, we report that S100A8/A9 is expressed in breast cancer cell lines and is up-regulated by interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in SKBR3 and MCF-7 cells. We identified the phospholipid-binding protein annexin A6 as a potential S100A8/A9 binding protein by affinity chromatography. This finding was verified by Southwestern overlay experiments and by coimmunoprecipitation with the S100A8/A9-specific monoclonal antibody 27E10. Immunocytochemical experiments demonstrated that S100A8/A9 and annexin A6 colocalize in SKBR3 breast cancer cells predominantly in membranous structures. Upon calcium influx both S100A8/A9 and annexin A6 are exposed on the cell surface of SKBR3 cells. Subcellular fractionation studies suggested that after A23187 stimulation membrane association of S100A8/A9 is not enhanced. However, both S100A8/A9 and annexin A6 are exposed on the cell surface of SKBR3 cells upon calcium influx. Experiments with artificial liposomes indicated that S100A8/A9 is able to associate with membranes independently of both annexin A6 and independently of calcium. Finally, cell surface expression of S100A8/A9 could not be observed in A23187-treated A431 and HaCaT cells. Both cell lines are known to be devoid of annexin A6. Repression of annexin A6 expression by small interfering RNA in SKBR3 cells abolishes the cell surface exposition of S100A8/A9 upon calcium influx, suggesting that annexin A6 contributes to the calcium-dependent cell surface exposition of the membrane associated-S100A8/A9 complex.
S100A8 and S100A9 Induce Cytokine Expression and Regulate the NLRP3 Inflammasome via ROS-Dependent Activation of NF-κB1 (2013)

S100A8 and S100A9 are cytoplasmic proteins expressed by phagocytes. High concentrations of these proteins have been correlated with various inflammatory conditions, including autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, as well as autoinflammatory diseases. In the present study, we examined the effects of S100A8 and S100A9 on the secretion of cytokines and chemokines from PBMCs. S100A8 and S100A9 induced the secretion of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β. This secretion was associated with the activation and translocation of the transcription factor NF-κB. Inhibition studies using antisense RNA and the pharmacological agent BAY-117082 confirmed the involvement of NF-κB in IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β secretion. S100A8- and S100A9-mediated activation of NF-κB, the NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) protein, and pro-IL-1β expression was dependent on the generation of reactive oxygen species. This effect was synergistically enhanced by ATP, a known inflammasome activator. These results suggest that S100A8 and S100A9 enhance the inflammatory response by inducing cytokine secretion of PBMCs.