gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Optimum Loudspeaker Arrangements for Multichannel Sound System (2002)

This paper discusses the number of loudspeakers for multichannel sound systems to reproduce the spatial impression of diffuse sound field, such as in auditorium. Some subjective experiments were conducted in order to find suitable numbers and arrangement of loudspeakers. On the experiments, reference diffuse sound filed was produced by 24 loudspeakers that were placed at every 15 degrees along a concentric circle around the listener in an anechoic room. And then, the number of loudspeakers, which radiated sound sources or reverberations, was reduced from 24 to 12, 8, 6, 4, 3, 2 and then each spatial impression was compared with the reference sound of 24 loudspeakers. For the sound source of these experiments, noises and musical sounds were used. It becomes clear that the spatial impression of diffuse sound field can be reproduced by only two symmetrical pairs of loudspeakers (that is, four loudspeakers in all). On this arrangement, one pair of loudspeakers should be place in the frontal area around the listener with an angle of about 60°, and the other pair should be in the rear area with an angle of 120 to 180°.
Optical array receiver for communication through atmospheric turbulence (2005)

An optical array receiver concept is developed and analyzed. It is shown that for ground-based reception, the number of array elements can be increased without incurring performance degradation, provided the array telescope diameters exceed the coherence-length of the atmosphere. Maximum likelihood detection of turbulence-degraded signal fields is developed for the case of pulse-position modulated signals observed in the presence of background radiation. Performance of optical array receivers is compared to single-aperture receivers with diameters ranging from 4 to 8 m, both in the presence of turbulence and in a turbulence-free environment such as space. It is shown that in the absence of atmospheric turbulence, single-aperture receivers outperform receiver arrays when significant background radiation is present. However, it is also demonstrated that for ground-based reception of deep-space signals, the number of array elements can be as great as several thousand without incurring any performance degradation relative to a large single-aperture receiver.
Large-Scale Category Structure Aware Image Categorization (2011)

Most previous research on image categorization has focused on medium-scale data sets, while large-scale image categorization with millions of images from thousands of categories remains a challenge. With the emergence of structured large-scale dataset such as the ImageNet, rich information about the conceptual relationships between images, such as a tree hierarchy among various image categories, become available. As human cognition of complex visual world benefits from underlying semantic relationships between object classes, we believe a machine learning system can and should leverage such information as well for better performance. In this paper, we employ such semantic relatedness among image categories for large-scale image categorization. Specifically, a category hierarchy is utilized to properly define loss function and select common set of features for related categories. An efficient optimization method based on proximal approximation and accelerated parallel gradient method is introduced. Experimental results on a subset of ImageNet containing 1.2 million images from 1000 categories demonstrate the effectiveness and promise of our proposed approach. 1
Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Cyclophilin A Secretion Requires ROCK-Dependent Diphosphorylation of Myosin Light Chain (2016)

ox-LDL-induced CyPA secretion requires vesicle transportation, actin remodeling and ROCK-dependent diphosphorylation of MLC. VSMC-derived CyPA induced by ox-LDL may be associated with increased CyPA expression in atherosclerotic lesions.
ChemInform Abstract: The Yb2O3‐CuO System and the Crystal Structure of Yb2Cu2O5. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Access Point Coordination System for Improved VoIP/WLAN Handover Performance (2006)

With layer 2 and 3 handover algorithms, wireless LAN can allow users to roam between different access points without breaking the connection to the internet. However, one of the biggest problems in roaming is the latency in the handoff process. Recently, Ramani and Savage [1] have proposed a new scheme called SyncScan which can reduce the overall handoff latency in layer 2 by more than 80%. However, this scheme assumes that the beacon transmission schedule among the access points is known a priori, and the beacons are transmitted on time. In this paper, we will propose a self-organized access point coordination system to generate and maintain a conflict-free beacon transmission schedule. Also, we will present a performance evaluation of the SyncScan scheme by studying the effect of beacon transmission delay due to data traffic, and mobility on handover performance.
Harnessing Intrinsic Noise in Memristor Hopfield Neural Networks for Combinatorial Optimization (2019)

We describe a hybrid analog-digital computing approach to solve important combinatorial optimization problems that leverages memristors (two-terminal nonvolatile memories). While previous memristor accelerators have had to minimize analog noise effects, we show that our optimization solver harnesses such noise as a computing resource. Here we describe a memristor-Hopfield Neural Network (mem-HNN) with massively parallel operations performed in a dense crossbar array. We provide experimental demonstrations solving NP-hard max-cut problems directly in analog crossbar arrays, and supplement this with experimentally-grounded simulations to explore scalability with problem size, providing the success probabilities, time and energy to solution, and interactions with intrinsic analog noise. Compared to fully digital approaches, and present-day quantum and optical accelerators, we forecast the mem-HNN to have over four orders of magnitude higher solution throughput per power consumption. This suggests substantially improved performance and scalability compared to current quantum annealing approaches, while operating at room temperature and taking advantage of existing CMOS technology augmented with emerging analog non-volatile memristors.
Using GRASP to solve the generalised graph colouring problem with application to cell site assignment (2012)

Consider a graph with nodes, weighted links and a set of colours. In the generalised graph coloring problem (GGCP), one must colour each node while minimising the total weight of monochromatic links. GGCP can model a cell site assignment problemin which nodes represent cell sites and colours represent multi-service nodes (MSN). The links indicate pairs of cell sites whose geographic service areas overlap; the link weight indicates the degree of overlap. The objective is, as much as possible, to assign cell sites with overlap to different MSNs. We describe a greedy randomised adaptive search procedure (GRASP) for GGCP. At each replication, it builds an initial solution by randomly choosing nodes, one at a time, from a candidate list and myopically assigning a colour to each chosen node. Exchange heuristics can then improve upon the initial solution. Computational experiments indicate that the heuristic provides excellent solutions in little CPU time.
Interfacial Assembly of Mussel‐Inspired Au@Ag@ Polydopamine Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Recyclable Nanocatalysts (2013)

Recyclable nanocatalysts of core-shell bimetallic nanocrystals are developed through polydopamine coating-directed one-step seeded growth, interfacial assembly, and substrate-immobilization of Au@Ag core-shell nanocrystals. This strategy provides new opportunities to design and optimize heterogeneous nanocatalysts with tailored size, morphology, chemical configuration, and supporting substrates for metal-catalyzed reactions.
α‐Amidoalkylation of Ambident Nucleophiles by Means of <i>N</i>‐Benzoylbenzaldimine (1992)

Abstract tert ‐Butyl esters 1a – c and N , N ‐disubstituted amides 1d – h of carboxylic acids as well as N ‐substituted pyrrolidinones 1i , j and 3‐morpholinone 1k are α‐amidoalkylated with N ‐benzoylbenzylideneamine ( 2 ). The stereochemical course of the reaction is discussed.
Velocity-Curvature Patterns Limit Human–Robot Physical Interaction (2017)

Physical human-robot collaboration is becoming more common, both in industrial and service robotics. Cooperative execution of a task requires intuitive and efficient interaction between both actors. For humans, this means being able to predict and adapt to robot movements. Given that natural human movement exhibits several robust features, we examined whether human-robot physical interaction is facilitated when these features are considered in robot control. The present study investigated how humans adapt to biological and non-biological velocity patterns in robot movements. Participants held the end-effector of a robot that traced an elliptic path with either biological (two-thirds power law) or non-biological velocity profiles. Participants were instructed to minimize the force applied on the robot end-effector. Results showed that the applied force was significantly lower when the robot moved with a biological velocity pattern. With extensive practice and enhanced feedback, participants were able to decrease their force when following a non-biological velocity pattern, but never reached forces below those obtained with the 2/3 power law profile. These results suggest that some robust features observed in natural human movements are also a strong preference in guided movements. Therefore, such features should be considered in human-robot physical collaboration.
1.4‐Dipolare Cycloadditionen, IV. Reaktionen der Azomethine mit Isothiocyanaten und Schwefelkohlenstoff (1967)

Abstract Die reversible 2:1‐Cycloaddition von Benzyliden‐alkylaminen oder 3.4‐Dihydro‐isochinolin and Senföle führt zu Hexahydro‐ s ‐triazin‐thion‐Derivaten, die Addition an Schwefelkohlenstoff zu Hydro‐1.3.5‐thiadiazin‐thionen. Benzyliden‐methylamin vereinigt sich mit Benzoylsenföl zu einem gelben Diels‐Alder‐Addukt. Der 1.4‐Dipol aus Isopropyliden‐isopropylamin and Schwefelkohlenstoff stabilisiert sich durch 1.5‐Protonenverschiebung und Folgereaktionen zu einem Thiazolinthion.
P‐95: Fresnel Lenses in Rear Projection Displays (2001)

Abstract A plastic Fresnel lens positioned just before the diffusion screen in a projection system can provide significantly superior corner illumination, enhancing overall display luminance uniformity. Fresnel lenses are also used within the light engine to collimate light through the LCD panel and focus light through the projection lens. Disadvantages include the added cost of the lenses, ghosting, printout of the Fresnel rings and moiré patterns. Birefringence is important to control in polarization‐sensitive applications. Without reduction of ghosting artifacts, Fresnel lenses will have limited application in text‐based RP systems. Ghosting is described in some detail including how it is caused, quantified and reduced. Efforts to reduce cost and birefringence will also be discussed.
Receipt-Free Secret-Ballot Elections (1994)

Prior verifiable secret-ballot election protocols all suffer from a common defect which renders them unsuitable for practical use: they allow voters to (if they wish) carry away from the protocol receipts which can be used to prove to others how they voted. This simple defect enables vote buying and coercion which are impractical in current physical election systems due to the “plausible deniability” offered by a voting booth. This defect is embedded, not only within prior election protocols, but within all of the more general protocols for collective computation of a public function from private inputs. This paper presents the first verifiable secret-ballot election protocols in which participants are unable to prove to others how they voted.
3-GHz, ultrafast Yb-fiber laser sources: closing the spectral gaps (2014)

Many applications require GHz femtosecond pulses with the center wavelength tunable over a broad range. Recently we have demonstrated a 3-GHz, femtosecond Yb-fiber laser system with >12-W average power using the pre-chirp management method. Nonlinear wavelength conversion based on this powerful laser source has enabled us to derive 3- GHz femtosecond sources at other useful wavelengths: using stimulated Raman scattering inside photonic crystal fibers, we have implemented a femtosecond Raman soliton source tunable between 1.06-1.35 μm; using fiber-optic Cherenkov radiation, we have demonstrated a 14-fs source centered at 850 nm with >300-mW average power.
Classification and Feature Selection Techniques in Data Mining (2012)

Data mining is a form of knowledge discovery essential for solving problems in a specific domain. Classification is a technique used for discovering classes of unknown data. Various methods for classification exists like bayesian, decision trees, rule based, neural networks etc. Before applying any mining technique, irrelevant attributes needs to be filtered. Filtering is done using different feature selection techniques like wrapper, filter, embedded technique. This paper is an introductory paper on different techniques used for classification and feature selection.
Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 Expression by Tet-Inducible COX-2 Antisense cDNA in Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer Significantly Slows Tumor Growth and Improves Efficacy of Chemotherapeutic Drugs (2004)

These results provide direct evidence that constitutive expression of COX-2 in prostate cancer has both angiogenic and cytoprotective functions. Suppression of tumor cell COX-2 is sufficient to enhance chemotherapy response in prostate cancer.
The relationship between advertising and content provision on the Internet (1998)

Explores the question of whether the traditional practice of bundling advertisements with content will prevail or become less common on the Internet. Given that revenue from advertisers is desirable to content providers, the answer mainly depends on whether advertisers will choose to deliver their advertisements by bundling. The decision to bundle in turn depends on the response of customers to bundling and to other advertising strategies. In particular, the relationship between advertising and content provision on the Internet may be affected by this medium’s distinctive characteristics, which affect the choices of advertisers and the response of customers. Thus, one needs to investigate the choices of advertisers, the behavior of customers, and their dependence on the distinctive technological features of the Internet.
Surface Fitting and Multiresolution Methods (1997)

Refereed and edited papers on the most current developments in the theory and applications of curves and surfaces.
Final Technical Report (2003)

OAK-B135 This study took place at the Nevada Desert FACE (Free Air CO2 Enrichment) Facility at the Nevada Test Site, where effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on a desert ecosystem are being studied. One hundred sixty-eight minirhizotrons (clear plastic tubes) were installed to a depth of 1m in the soil in the control and elevated CO2 plots. Tubes were installed from a suspended platform to avoid soil compaction and disturbance. Tubes were placed under individuals of two dominant shrub species, Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa, and along systematic transects across the plots. Specialized video cameras were inserted down the tubes at 4 week intervals to provide images of plant root systems on the upper side of the tube. A ratcheting mechanism assured consistent imaging of the same precise locations during each sampling period. Images were collected every 4 weeks from December 1997 to January 2001, after which the images were too degraded from repeated camera abrasion on the tubes for adequate analysis. Over 100,000 video images were analyzed and the appearance, growth, and disappearance of 23,634 individual fine roots (<2 mm diameter) were tracked over time, totaling 125,679 root observations and measurements. Elevated CO2 did not have an effect on the timing of seasonal patterns of fine root growth or turnover (mortality). There were no consistent effects of elevated CO2 on fine root length standing crop, production, or turnover except standing crop was consistently lower under the elevated CO2 treatment across the community transects. The specific root length (m/g of root dry weight) found to be higher for Larrea and Ambrosia under elevated CO2 treatments. Procedures were developed to translate the length measurements taken from minirhizotron images to biomass estimates per unit soil volume, utilizing these specific root length measurements. While few differences in fine root length were apparent as a result of elevated CO2 treatment, conversion to biomass units indicated that elevated CO2 led to decreases in fine root biomass, production, and turnover. This was an unexpected result since many elevated CO2 studies have shown increases in below ground biomass allocation. No differences were found in fine root carbon or nitrogen concentrations, but lower biomass turnover under elevated CO2 implies lower rates of C and N cycling through fine root turnover. Funds from this interagency agreement also allowed the development of improved software for image analysis, which will benefit other researchers using minirhizotrons to study below ground responses to elevated CO2 or other treatments.
Single-molecule dissection of stacking forces in DNA (2016)

We directly measured at the single-molecule level the forces and lifetimes of DNA base-pair stacking interactions for all stack sequence combinations. Our experimental approach combined dual-beam optical tweezers with DNA origami components to allow positioning of blunt-end DNA helices so that the weak stacking force could be isolated. Base-pair stack arrays that lacked a covalent backbone connection spontaneously dissociated at average rates ranging from 0.02 to 500 per second, depending on the sequence combination and stack array size. Forces in the range from 2 to 8 piconewtons that act along the helical direction only mildly accelerated the stochastic unstacking process. The free-energy increments per stack that we estimate from the measured forward and backward kinetic rates ranged from -0.8 to -3.4 kilocalories per mole, depending on the sequence combination. Our data contributes to understanding the mechanics of DNA processing in biology, and it is helpful for designing the kinetics of DNA-based nanoscale devices according to user specifications.
Rust-inhibition fluids protect OCTGs in storage (1985)

Here's a quick look at some common misconceptions that can lead to severe tubular goods damage caused by rust. Recommendations are given for correctly using thread compounds, thread protectors, coatings and inhibiting fluids.
Different Susceptibilities of Fibulin‐1 and Fibulin‐2 to Cleavage by Matrix Metalloproteinases and Other Tissue Proteases (1996)

Fibulin-1 and fibulin-2 are two novel rod-like proteins which occur either in basement membranes or in interstitial fibrils in close association with fibronectin. They were examined for their sensitivity to proteolysis by matrix metalloproteinases (stromelysin, matrilysin), circulating proteases (thrombin, plasmin, kallikrein), leucocyte elastase and mast cell chymase. Fibulin-1 (95 kDa) was readily cleaved by leucocyte elastase, weakly by matrilysin and not by the other proteases. Cleavage occurred in a domain-connecting link region close to the N-terminus, giving rise to fragments of 70 kDa and 26 kDa. A much more extensive cleavage by all seven proteases was observed for fibulin-2 (195 kDa), giving rise to many fragments in the range 15-150 kDa. Vulnerable sites included two central link regions, the cysteine-free part of the large N-terminal globular domain but also several regions of epidermal-growth-factor(EGF)-like repeats which are a major part of the rod-like domain. The latter domain became much more sensitive to proteolysis in the presence of EDTA, demonstrating that calcium is required for stabilization. Edman degradation demonstrated cleavage of peptide bonds corresponding to the known specificities of these proteases. A similar proteolysis was also observed for fibulin-2 deposited by cultured fibroblasts into a dense fibrillar network. Since fibulin-2 is an abundant component of small and large blood vessels it could be a major target for proteolysis during vascular injuries.
CD11b deficiency suppresses intestinal tumor growth by reducing myeloid cell recruitment (2015)

Mac-1 (CD11b) is expressed on bone marrow-derived immune cells. CD11b binds to ligands to regulate leukocyte adhesion and migration across the endothelium or epithelium. Here, we employed CD11b knockout mice and an Apc(Min/+) spontaneous intestinal adenoma mouse model to clarify the function of CD11b in intestinal tumorigenesis. We showed that CD11b deficiency may contribute to the inhibition of myeloid cell trafficking to the tumor microenvironment and inactivated Wnt/β-catenin pathway to suppress tumor growth. This effect was partly mediated by inhibiting the myeloid cell-mediated decrease in TNF-α secretion, which inhibits the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells to the tumor microenvironment and subsequently induces IFN-γ and CXCL9 production. This work provides evidence for the mechanism by which CD11b may function as an important oncogene and highlights the potential of CD11b as a therapeutic target in CRC.
An Association between Neonatal Severe Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia in Three Kindreds (1982)

Four cases of neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism occurred in three families; familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia was present in each kindred. The diagnosis of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia was based on the following features; hypercalcemia in many relatives (eight to 16 per kindred), without other features of the multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes; recognition of hypercalcemia before the age of 10 in one to three relatives; hypocalciuric hypercalcemia in all relatives tested (five to 14 per kindred); and abnormal serum calcium levels despite parathyroidectomy in all additional relatives (one to five per kindred) undergoing this operation. The association of two uncommon syndromes (neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia) in these kindreds suggests that the two syndromes share a common genetic cause within each kindred.
Novel Approach to Defect Etching in Thin Film Silicon‐on‐Insulator (1993)

S.1713-1716
Differentiation of Mycobacterium species by direct sequencing of amplified DNA (1990)

Nucleotide sequences specific for a range of Mycobacterium species were defined by computer-assisted sequence comparisons of small subunit ribosomal RNA. A polymerase chain reaction-based sequencing strategy was used to demonstrate that the 16S rRNA sequence can be used for the rapid identification of mycobacterial isolates. Identification at the species level can be obtained within 2 d, requiring less than 10,000 bacteria. This procedure reliably differentiates Mycobacterium spp. which are difficult to identify by classical methods, such as M. malmoense, M. szulgai and M. flavescens.