gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catheter based radiofrequency ablation of renal nerves for the treatment of resistant hypertension (2011)

Summary Introduction Resistant hypertension is a common and growing clinical problem characterized by the failure to attain target blood pressure levels despite adequate use of at least three antihypertensive agents. Objectives The aim of this article is to emphasize the role of novel approaches to treat resistant hypertension. Materials and methods After an excursus on the physiological role of renal nerves on kidney function, volume homeostasis and blood pressure control, this article describes the radiofrequency ablation technology to obtain kidneys denervation. Results Activation of the sympathetic nervous system plays a prominent role as a major regulator of circulatory and metabolic control. The kidneys have a particularly dense afferent sensory and efferent sympathetic innervation and are thereby strategically positioned to be origin as well as target of sympathetic activation. In this context, recent evidence suggests that a novel catheter-based approach to functionally denervate the human kidneys using radiofrequency ablation technology may provide a safe and effective treatment alternative for resistant hypertension and its adverse consequences. Conclusions Despite the availability of numerous safe and effective pharmacological therapies to treat elevated blood pressure, novel therapeutic approaches are warranted to improve the management and prognosis of patients with refractory hypertension. Several clinical trials are currently conducted and planned to further substantiate the blood pressure lowering efficacy of this novel renal denervation procedure.
Tumour Metabolomics in Animal Models of Human Cancer (2006)

Multinuclear Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and mass spectrometry (MS) are the key analytical techniques used in an increasing manner to explore tumor metabolite profiles. Recent work has revealed that metabolite profiles in various tumor preparations (i.e., cultured cells, tissue specimens, and tumors in vivo) show strong correlations with tumor type, proliferation, metabolic activity, and cell death. These data are regarded as highly promising for tumor diagnosis as well as assessment of prognosis and treatment response in a clinical setting. In this pursuit, animal models of human cancer have played a central role. In this short account, we review the potentials of MRS and MS techniques for animal tumor metabolomic work, as well as highlight some interesting applications of these techniques for various animal tumor types. Keywords: Tumor • Brain • Metabolomics • NMR spectroscopy • Pattern recognition
Stability of Whey-Protein-Stabilized Oil-in-Water Emulsions during Chilled Storage and Temperature Cycling (2004)

The stability of heat-treated and/or acidified, partly-crystalline-fat-based, whey-protein-stabilized oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions against partial coalescence was investigated during chilled storage (at 5 degrees C) and repeated temperature cycling (three times between 5 and 25 degrees C). Experiments focused on the evolution of firmness and droplet size (using pulsed field gradient NMR and scanning electron microscopy). Besides the effects of denaturation and/or acidification, the influence of the droplet size of the dispersed phase on emulsion stability was investigated also. It was found that heat treatment or acidification before emulsification led to unstable emulsions during temperature cycling, whereas heat treatment after acidification resulted in stable emulsions.
A simulation method for Nakagami fading channel (2010)

The Nakagami fading can descript most of the fading channels in practice. This paper introduced a new simulation method for Nakagami Fading Channel, used it to simulate the first order and second order statistic properties of Nakagami fading channel, and proved the reliability of this method. Base on the simulation of the Rayleigh fading channel, this simulation method is a new exploration of the Nakagami fading channel.
Treatment of Glioblastoma (GBM) with the Addition of Tumor-Treating Fields (TTF): A Review (2019)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor. Despite aggressive treatment, GBM almost always recurs. The current standard-of-care for treatment of newly diagnosed GBM has remained relatively unchanged since 2005: maximal safe resection followed by concomitant chemoradiation (CRT) with temozolomide (TMZ), and subsequent adjuvant TMZ. In 2011, the first-generation tumor treating fields (TTF) device, known at the time as the NovoTTF-100A System (renamed Optune), was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of recurrent GBM. The TTF device was subsequently approved as an adjuvant therapy for newly-diagnosed GBM in 2015. The following is a review of the TTF device, including evidence supporting its use and limitations.
Systems Architecting: Creating & Building Complex Systems (1990)

Architecturing complex systems - the architect on boundaries and interfaces the modelling simulating and prototyping the architect's kit of tools information systems building the system system test, acceptance and operations challenges ultraquality - excellence beyond measure purposeful opposition a sense of time and timing biological architectures and intelligent behaviour the complex world of economics and public policy architecting and management - on organizations and architectures profile of a systems architect assessing architecting and architectures looking to the future.
Effects of Silica on Lung Collagen (2007)

A single intratracheal injection of 50 mg crystalline silica (quartz) into rats produces silicosis. This animal model may be used to study collagen metabolism during the early, middle, and late phases of lung injury, corresponding respectively to the stages of lung injury, development of discrete granulomas, and development of mature silicotic nodules. The early phase is characterized by a rapid increase in the rate of synthesis of lung collagen (within one week of instillation) and increased deposition of excess lung collagen (significant increases within two weeks of instillation). Later phases are characterized by a continuing increase in deposition of excess lung collagen for at least one year after instillation. Silica-induced fibrosis is unique among all the animal models (and in most human fibrotic diseases) thus far examined, in that the excess collagen deposited in the lung contains normal ratios of the two major collagen types of the lung: types I and III. This collagen is nonetheless biochemically different from normal lung collagen. There are reproducible and characteristic differences in the intermolecular cross-links of the collagen in lungs from rats injected with silica. Within one month of silica instillation (the earliest time point examined thus far), an increased hydroxylysine content of collagen can be appreciated. The reducible dysfunctional cross-links are also more likely to be derived from hydroxylysine (i.e. the ratio of dihydroxylated to monohydroxylated cross-links increases). Within four months of silica instillation (and increasingly thereafter), increased amounts of the mature trifunctional cross-link hydroxypyridinium (derived from three residues of hydroxylysine) can also be appreciated, seemingly paralleling the evolution of mature silicotic nodules in these lungs. These changes in cross-linking of lung collagen seem to be common to all the animal models of pulmonary fibrosis examined, and are also consistent with changes occurring in human fibrotic lungs. Preliminary observations suggest that the locus of cross-linking remains the same: hydroxylysine replaces lysine in the primary structure of a specific collagen alpha chain to form the altered cross-links. Thus, there may be molecular markers for the collagen of fibrosis in diseased lungs.
Taxol-requiring mutant of Chinese hamster ovary cells with impaired mitotic spindle assembly. (1983)

In the accompanying paper (Cabral, F., 1982, J. Cell. Biol., 97:22-29) we described the isolation and properties of taxol-requiring mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells. We now show that at least one of these mutants, Tax-18, has an impaired ability to form a spindle apparatus. Immunofluorescence studies using antibodies to tubulin demonstrate that, when incubated in the absence of taxol, Tax-18 forms only a rudimentary spindle with few and shortened microtubules associated with the spindle poles. Furthermore, midbodies were not observed, consistent with an absence of cytokinesis. Essentially normal spindles and midbodies are seen in the presence of taxol. Electron microscopic examination indicates that centrioles and kinetochores are morphologically normal in the mutant strain. Pole-to-kinetochore microtubules were seen but interpolar microtubules were not. Taxol-deprived mutant cells stained with anti-centrosome serum show an elevated centriole content, indicating that the defect in Tax-18 does not affect centriole replication or prevent progression through the cell cycle. Although Tax-18 cells do not form a complete spindle in the absence of taxol, cytoplasmic microtubule assembly occurs in association with microtubule-organizing centers, and microtubules with apparently normal morphology exist throughout the cytoplasm. Observation of chromosome movement indicates that the defect in these cells occurs after prometaphase. These studies demonstrate that the formation of spindle microtubules requires cellular conditions that are different from those required for cytoplasmic microtubule formation. They further show that a normal spindle may be necessary for cytokinesis but not for progress of the cells through the cell cycle.
Dissimilar effects of the protein kinase C inhibitors, staurosporine and H‐7, on cholecystokinin‐induced enzyme secretion from rabbit pancreatic acini (1990)

The effects of two putative inhibitors of protein kinase C activity, staurosporine and H-7, on partially purified protein kinase C and amylase secretion from isolated rabbit pancreatic acini were investigated. Staurosporine dose-dependently inhibited amylase release stimulated by an optimal concentration of cholecystokinin C-terminal octapeptide. At a concentration of 100 nM, the drug inhibited the secretory response to the secretagogue by approximately 50%. At the same concentration, staurosporine inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-stimulated enzyme secretion by 90%. Moreover, the potentiating effect of this phorbol ester on cholecystokinin-induced amylase release was completely abolished in the presence of staurosporine. Interestingly, amylase release was decreased to the level observed with the combination of cholecystokinin and staurosporine. In contrast, H-7, potentiated rather than inhibited cholecystokinin-stimulated enzyme secretion, whereas the secretory response to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate was not affected by the drug. Both staurosporine and H-7, however, inhibited protein kinase C purified from exocrine pancreatic tissue. Kinetic analysis revealed that both compounds inhibited protein kinase C competitively with respect to ATP. The Ki value for staurosporine was 0.55 nM and for H-7 13.5 microM. Our results obtained with staurosporine are in line with a stimulatory role of protein kinase C in cholecystokinin-induced enzyme secretion from the exocrine pancreas. The results obtained with H-7 emphasize that care has to be taken in interpreting the biological effects of this drug.
Activity of 9-[2-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxymethyl]guanine in the Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia (1985)

Ten marrow transplant recipients with biopsy-proven cytomegalovirus pneumonia were treated with the acyclic nucleoside analog 9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethoxymethyl]guanine (BW B759U). Viruria and viremia ceased after 4 days of treatment in all patients with cultures initially positive from these sites. Cytomegalovirus was eliminated from respiratory secretions after a median of 8 days. Despite this antiviral effect, only one patient survived the pneumonia. Quantitative cultures of lung tissue before and after treatment confirmed that therapy with BW B759U was associated with substantial antiviral activity, with a mean decrease in viral titers of more than 99.99% after treatment. Neutropenia developed in three patients when mean peak and trough plasma levels exceeded 50 and 10 mu mol/L, respectively, but no other toxicity was seen. BW B759U is the first antiviral agent showing consistent activity against cytomegalovirus in vivo, and it should be evaluated in the earlier management of cytomegalovirus infections after marrow transplantation and in serious cytomegalovirus infections in other immunocompromised patients.
Enhanced Bioactivity of Recombinant Baculoviruses Expressing Insect-Specific Spider Toxins in Lepidopteran Crop Pests (1997)

Two genetically enhanced isolates of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) expressing insect-specific neurotoxin genes from the spiders Diguetia canities and Tegenaria agrestis were evaluated for their commercial potential. Since prevention of feeding damage is of primary importance in assessing agronomic efficacy, a method for estimating the median time to cessation of feeding (FT50) was developed. Neonate droplet feeding assays with preoccluded virus samples were conducted to compare the FT50s and median survival times (ST50s) of larvae infected by the toxin-expressing recombinant viruses with those of larvae infected by wild-type AcMNPV and the appropriate polyhedrin-minus control viruses. Low dosages were used to minimize the effect of dosage on the response times, and the time to molting of noninfected larvae was used to audit variability among batches of larvae within and between tests. Appropriate statistics are discussed. To evaluate host spectrum, response times were compared in three lepidopteran insect pests, Trichoplusia ni Hubner, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), and Heliothis virescens (Fabricius). The recombinant viruses expressing insect-specific toxin genes from T. agrestis and D. canities, designated vAcTalTX-1 and vAcDTX9.2, respectively, significantly reduced both FT50 and ST50 in all three lepidopteran pests. Reductions in feeding times compared to the wild-type virus ranged from 16 to 39% with vAcTalTX-1 and 30 to 40% with vAcDTX9.2. Reductions in survi val time were lower, ranging from 18 to 33% with vAcTalTX-1 and 9 to 24% with vAcDTX9.2. While vAcTalTX-1 tended to kill faster than vAcDTX9.2, vAcDTX9.2 stopped feeding faster than vAcTalTX-1, suggesting that it would be more effective in reducing crop damage.
Analyzing compute vs. storage tradeoff for video-aware storage efficiency (2012)

Video content is quite unique from its storage footprint perspective. In a video distribution environment, a master video file needs to be transcoded into different resolutions, bitrates, codecs and containers to enable distribution to a wide variety of devices and media players over different kinds of networks. Our experiments show that when 8 mas-ter videos are transcoded into most popular 376 formats (derived from 8 resolutions and 6 containers), transcoded versions occupy 8 times more storage than the master video. One major challenge with efficiently storing such con-tent is that traditional de-duplication algorithms cannot detect significant duplication between any 2 versions. Trans-coding on-the-fly is a technique in which a distribution copy is created only when requested by a user. This technique saves storage but at the expense of extra compute cost and latency resulting from transcoding after a user request is received. In this paper we develop cost metrics that allow us to compare storage vs. compute costs and suggest when a transcoding on-the-fly solution can be cost effective. We also analyze how such a solution can be deployed in a practical storage system using access pattern information or a variant of ski-rent [1] online algorithm when such in-formation is not available. 1.
On-chip linear and nonlinear control of single molecules coupled to a nanoguide (2017)

While experiments with one or two quantum emitters have become routine in various laboratories, scalable platforms for efficient optical coupling of many quantum systems remain elusive. To address this issue, we report on chip-based systems made of one-dimensional subwavelength dielectric waveguides (nanoguides) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules. After discussing the design and fabrication requirements, we present data on coherent linear and nonlinear spectroscopy of single molecules coupled to a nanoguide mode. Our results show that external microelectrodes as well as optical beams can be used to switch the propagation of light in a nanoguide via the Stark effect and a nonlinear optical process, respectively. The presented nanoguide architecture paves the way for the investigation of many-body phenomena and polaritonic states and can be readily extended to more complex geometries for the realization of quantum integrated photonic circuits.
Effective cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cells by the open pulled straw vitrification method (2001)

Vitrification by the OPS method is reliable and effective for the cryopreservation of human pluripotent embryonic stem cells.
A Process-Variation-Tolerant On-Chip CMOS Thermometer for Auto Temperature Compensated Self-Refresh of Low-Power Mobile DRAM (2013)

Smaller transistors mean that capacitors are charged less uniformly, which increases the self-refresh current in the DRAMs used in mobile devices. Adaptive self-refresh using an on-chip thermometer can solve this problem. We propose an on-chip CMOS thermometer specifically designed for controlling the refresh period of a DRAM. This thermometer includes a novel temperature sensor which has been implemented and integrated into an LPDDR2 chip. The LPDDR2 chip is fabricated in a 44-nm DRAM process. The sensor has a temperature sensitivity of -3.2 mV/°C, over a range of 0°C to 110°C. Its resolution is 1.94°C and is only limited by the 6.2-mV step of the associated resistor ladder not by its own design. The linearity of the sensor permits one-point calibration, after which the errors in 61 sample circuits ranged between -1.42°C and +2.66°C. The sensor has an active area of 0.001725 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and consumes less than 0.36 μW on average with a supply of 1.1 V. At its lowest operating temperature, this thermometer reduces the IDD6 current of the LPDDR2 chip by almost half.
Effect of pH, temperature, and concentration on the adsorption of cadmium on goethite (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of pH, temperature, and concentration on the adsorption of cadmium on goethiteBruce B. JohnsonCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1990, 24, 1, 112–118Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00071a014https://doi.org/10.1021/es00071a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3082Altmetric-Citations211LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A clinical trial of bevacizumab, temozolomide, and radiation for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (2011)

The addition of bevacizumab to conventional therapy in newly diagnosed GBM appears to improve both PFS and OS in patients with newly diagnosed GBM, with acceptable morbidity. A shift toward diffuse relapse was noted in a significant number of patients. Ongoing Phase III clinical trials will show the true benefit of this antiangiogenic approach.
Over-Sampling PLL for Low-Jitter and Responsive Clock Synchronization (2006)

phase locked loops (PLLs) are widely used in communication and required to provide low-jitter and fast frequency/phase locking capabilities. For improving these capabilities of PLL, an over-sampling phase detector (PD) using phase interpolation based on a counter with a high-frequency internal clock is proposed. PLL using normal PD compares phases of reference or input signal with its output at the time of their positive transition, but this PLL using over-sampling PD can compare phases more than once a cycle of reference. Thus, the PLL features less jitter than PLL using normal PD, and improved responsiveness. Also we optimized implementation of phase interpolation, to improve maximum operating frequency and circuit size. Experimental results including two jitter characteristics, vital in communication, are shown
Neutron Irradiation for Prevention of Latch-Up in MOS Integrated Circuits (1979)

Bulk silicon integrated circuits can exhibit latch-up effects which arise from regenerative switching in the parasitic bipolar transistors inherent in the complex circuit configurations. This is especially true for bulk CMOS integrated circuits in which parasitic vertical NPN and lateral PNP bipolars are connected in an SCR fashion. One method for preventing latch-up is lifetime control utilizing neutron irradiation. This work characterizes the long-term annealing of neutron irradiation induced changes in the parasitic bipolar gains of MOS/LSI integrated circuits. A theoretical model, which fits both isothermal and isochronal annealing data, is used to characterize the annealing. Using this model, a procedure has been established for neutron irradiation of LSI integrated circuits which will guarantee that latch-up will not occur during the normal lifetime of the circuits. A detailed discussion of the procedure employed for neutron irradiation of integrated circuits is given, and the results of this procedure applied to several thousand MSI and LSI circuits are described.
Review of fabrication techniques for fused fiber components for fiber lasers (2009)

Fused fiber components are the key building blocks that enable reliable and efficient operation of high power fiber lasers. In this paper, we review fabrication techniques for the manufacture of such devices, including mode-field adaptors, fiber tapers, fused couplers, and fused combiners. We present the basic equations governing both the optical performance and fabrication requirements for these devices, and demonstrate how these apply to some common fiber laser applications. We then describe and discuss component fabrication techniques and available hardware.