gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Providing Quality of Service Support in Object-Based File System (2007)

Bourbon is a quality of service framework designed to work with the Ceph object-based storage system. Ceph is a highly scalable distributed file system that can scale up to tens of thousands of object-based storage devices (OSDs). The Bourbon framework enables Ceph to become QoS-aware by providing the capability to isolate performance between different classes of workloads. The Bourbon framework is enabled by Q-EBOFS, a QoS-aware enhancement of the EBOFS object-based file system. Q-EBOFS allows individual OSDs to become QoS-aware, and by leveraging on the random element of the CRUSH data distribution algorithm employed by Ceph, it is possible for a collection of independent QoS-aware OSDs to provide class-based performance isolation at the global level. This preserves the highly scalable nature of Ceph by avoiding the introduction of any centralized components or the need to collect and propagate global state information. This paper presents the Bourbon framework by first describing Q-EBOFS, and then examines how a collection of OSDs running Q-EBOFS can work together to provide global-level QoS.
Polynuclear and halogenated structures in polyphenylenes synthesized from benzene, biphenyl, and <i>p</i>‐terphenyl under various conditions: Characterization by laser desorption/fourier transform mass spectrometry (1986)

Abstract Polyphenylenes made by reaction of benzene, biphenyl, or p ‐terphenyl with metal halide catalyst–oxidant systems are complex mixtures of dissimilar oligomers, which include halogenated and polynuclear structures, according to positive and negative‐ion laser desorption/Fourier transform mass‐spectral analyses. Polymerization of benzene with metal‐chloride salts that terminate chain elongation by chlorination of the end rings appears to decrease formation of polynuclear structures by providing a competing pathway for chain termination. Polynuclear structures occur to a greater extent with oligomerization of biphenyl than with benzene, presumably because of isomerization and increased opportunity for π overlap during propagation. Electrical conductivities of polyphenylenes made by various routes should not be discussed solely in terms of the linear poly( p ‐phenylene) structure.
MODY7 Gene, KLF11, Is a Novel p300-dependent Regulator of Pdx-1 (MODY4) Transcription in Pancreatic Islet β Cells (2009)

Pdx-1 (pancreatic-duodenal homeobox-1), a MODY4 homeodomain transcription factor, serves as a master regulator in the pancreas because of its importance during organogenesis and in adult islet insulin-producing beta cell activity. Here, we show that KLF11, an SP/Krüppel-like (SP/KLF) transcription factor, mutated in French maturity onset diabetes of the young patients (MODY7), regulates Pdx-1 transcription in beta cells through two evolutionarily conserved GC-rich motifs in conserved Area II, a control region essential to islet beta cell-enriched expression. These regulatory elements, termed GC1 (human base pair -2061/-2055) and GC2 (-2036/-2027), are also nearly identical to the consensus KLF11 binding sequence defined here by random oligonucleotide binding analysis. KLF11 specifically associates with Area II in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, while preventing binding to GC1- and/or GC2-compromised Pdx1-driven reporter activity in beta cell lines. Mechanistically, we find that KLF11 interacts with the coactivator p300 via its zinc finger domain in vivo to mediate Pdx-1 activation. Together, our data identified a hierarchical regulatory cascade for these two MODY genes, suggesting that gene regulation in MODY is more complex than anticipated previously. Furthermore, because KLF11 like most MODY-associated transcription factors uses p300, these data further support a role for this coactivator as a critical chromatin link in forms of type 2 diabetes.
The chemistry of sulfenamides (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe chemistry of sulfenamidesLeslie Craine and Morton RabanCite this: Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 4, 689–712Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00094a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00094a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2658Altmetric-Citations192LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Depress phishing by CAPTCHA with OTP (2009)

Addressing recent online banking threats, the main challenges are to enable safe online banking on a compromised host, and solving the general ignorance of security warning. There are costly hardware solutions proposed for login authentication to transaction verification. However, we are always looking for an usable solution with higher acceptance and less effort. CAPTCHA is primarily used to anti bot automated login, also, CAPTCHA base application can further provides secure PIN input against keylogger and mouse-logger for Bank's customer. However, assuming users are always unconscious of security warning, under this interesting condition, CAPTCHA alone is nothing to anti-phishing. But, the CAPTCHA idea is still worth to be developed. In this paper, we present the Extended CAPTCHA Input System (ECIS), which we firstly extend the CAPTCHA idea to defend Real-Time Man-In-The-Middle(RT-MITM)attack and our proposed CR-MITM attack. The trick is to employ a moving CAPTCHA for input of OneTime-Password(OTP) with time restriction, which can depress MITM auto-relaying of information as well as human assisted MITM attack. Our solution reuses the large scale shipped OTP token which can save huge amount of money instead of re-design and shipping of a new hardware solution.
Superconducting NMR magnet design (1994)

Abstract General information is given about solenoidal superconducting magnets and an overview is given of the design principles and theories for superconducting magnets. Issues relevant to NMR are reviewed in detail. Advantages and disadvantages of different superconducting wire, construction methods, and mathematical concepts necessary for the main components of a superconducting magnet applicable to high‐resolution NMR are surveyed. Major components such as joints, dump resistors, heat shields, and magnet dewars are illustrated and described.
PATEX (2016)

Patterns play a central role in 2D graphic design. A critical step in the design of patterns is evaluating multiple design alternatives. Exploring these alternatives with existing tools is challenging because most tools force users to work with a single fixed representation of the pattern that encodes a specific set of geometric relationships between pattern elements. However, for most patterns, there are many different interpretations of its regularity that correspond to different design variations. The exponential nature of this variation space makes the problem of finding all variations intractable. We present a method called PATEX to characterize and efficiently identify distinct and valid pattern variations, allowing users to directly navigate the variation space. Technically, we propose a novel linear approximation to handle the complexity of the problem and efficiently enumerate suitable pattern variations under proposed element movements. We also present two pattern editing interfaces that expose the detected pattern variations as suggested edits to the user. We show a diverse collection of pattern edits and variations created with PATEX. The results from our user study indicate that our suggested variations can be useful and inspirational for typical pattern editing tasks.
Robotic Pectoral Fin Thrust Vectoring Using Weighted Gait Combinations (2012)

A method was devised to vector propulsion of a robotic pectoral fin by means of actively controlling fin surface curvature. Separate flapping fin gaits were designed to maximize thrust for each of three different thrust vectors: forward, reverse, and lift. By using weighted combinations of these three pre-determined main gaits, new intermediate hybrid gaits for any desired propulsion vector can be created with smooth transitioning between these gaits. This weighted gait combination (WGC) method is applicable to other difficult-to-model actuators. Both 3D unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental results are presented.
A CONSCIÊNCIA AMBIENTAL E AS ATITUDES DE CONSUMO SUSTENTÁVEL DE ESTRANGEIROS (2015)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a consciência ambiental e as atitudes de consumo sustentável no âmbito internacional. Como método de investigação utilizou-se um levantamento do tipo survey, com pessoas residentes fora do Brasil. Obteve-se 78 questionários válidos, com respondentes de 26 nacionalidades. A análise dos dados aconteceu por meio de análise estatística descritiva e univariada. Os resultados evidenciam, em grosso modo, que tanto a consciência ambiental quanto as atitudes de consumo sustentável da amostra possuem tendência intermediária, sendo que grande parte dos respondentes parece não utilizar-se do viés ambiental na escolha dos produtos que irá consumir. Infere-se ainda, que os respondentes mostram respeitar o meio ambiente, desde que os meios utilizados na implementação desse ‘seu respeito’ não afetem seu próprio conforto e bem-estar.
Antibodies Fused to Innate Immune Molecules Reduce Initiation of<i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>Infection in Mice (2010)

At present no completely effective treatments are available for Cryptosporidium parvum infections in humans and livestock. Based on previous data showing the neutralizing potential of a panel of monoclonal antibodies developed against C. parvum, and based on the fact that innate immune peptides and enzymes have anticryptosporidial activity, we engineered several of these antibodies into antibody-biocide fusion proteins. We hypothesized that the combination of high-affinity antibody targeting with innate immune molecule-mediated killing would result in a highly effective new antiprotozoal agent. To test this hypothesis, we expressed antibody-biocide fusion proteins in a mammalian cell culture system and used the resulting products for in vitro and in vivo efficacy experiments. Antibody-biocide fusion proteins efficiently bound to, and destroyed, C. parvum sporozoites in vitro through a membrane-disruptive mechanism. When antibody-biocide fusion proteins were administered orally to neonatal mice in a prophylactic model of cryptosporidiosis, the induction of infection was reduced by as much as 81% in the mucosal epithelium of the gut, as determined on the basis of histopathological scoring of infectious stages. Several versions of antibody fusion proteins that differed in antigen specificity and in the biocide used had strong inhibitory effects on the initiation of infection. The results lay the groundwork for the development of a new class of antimicrobials effective against Cryptosporidium.
The Cp<sub>2</sub>TiPh-Mediated Reductive Radical Cyclization of Cyanoketones and Related Reactions. Efficient Trapping of Ketyl Radicals by Cp<sub>2</sub>TiPh-Coordinated Polar Multiple Bonds (1999)

The reductive radical cyclization of cyanoketones was achieved using Cp(2)TiPh. The Ti(III) reagent was prepared by the sequential addition of i-PrMgCl and PhMgBr to commercial Cp(2)TiCl(2) in this order and used effectively without isolation. The cyclization of the gamma- and delta-cyanoketones was performed in toluene at ambient temperature for several hours to give alpha-hydroxycyclopentanones and hexanones in moderate to good yields, respectively. The titanium reagent independently coordinates to both the carbonyl and cyano termini. As a result of lowering the LUMO of the cyano group upon coordination of the Ti(III) species, the irreversible cyclization successfully proceeds without formation of the unstable iminyl radical intermediate. The ester group can also be activated by the coordination of Cp(2)TiPh, and aromatic ketones with an ester group at the gamma position are cyclized to give the corresponding alpha-hydroxyketones.
Functional Genomics Approach Using Mice (2004)

The rapid development and characterization of the mouse genome sequence, coupled with comparative sequence analysis of human, has been paralleled by a reinforced enthusiasm for mouse functional genomics. The way to uncover the in vivo function of genes is to analyze the phenotypes of the mutant animals. From this standpoint, the mouse is a suitable and valuable model organism in the studies of functional genomics. Therefore, there have been enormous efforts to enrich the list of the mutant mice. Such a trend emphasizes the random mutagenesis, including ENU mutagenesis and gene-trap mutagenesis, to obtain a large stock of mutant mice. However, since various mutant alleles are needed to precisely characterize the role of a gene in vivo, mutations should be designed. The simplicity and utility of transgenic technology can satisfy this demand. The combination of RNA interference with transgenic technology will provide more opportunities for researchers. Nevertheless, gene targeting can solely define the in vivo function of a gene without a doubt. Thus, transgenesis and gene targeting will be the major strategies in the field of functional genomics.
Molecular Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer: <i>PCA3</i> and <i>TMPRSS2:ERG</i> Gene Fusion (2012)

Although several recently developed markers are promising, often showing increased specificity for prostate cancer detection compared to that of prostate specific antigen, their clinical application is limited. The only 2 true prostate cancer specific biomarkers identified to date remain PCA3 and TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion.
Estrogen biosynthesis in endometriosis: molecular basis and clinical relevance (2000)

Conversion of C(19) steroids to estrogens is catalyzed by aromatase in human ovary, placenta and extraglandular tissues such as adipose tissue, skin and the brain. Aromatase activity is not detectable in normal endometrium. In contrast, aromatase is expressed aberrantly in endometriosis and is stimulated by prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)).( )This results in local production of estrogen, which induces PGE(2) formation and establishes a positive feedback cycle. Another abnormality in endometriosis, i.e. deficient hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) type 2 expression, impairs the inactivation of estradiol to estrone. These molecular aberrations collectively favor accumulation of increasing quantities of estradiol and PGE(2 )in endometriosis. The clinical relevance of these findings was exemplified by the successful treatment of an unusually aggressive case of postmenopausal endometriosis using an aromatase inhibitor.
Reconstitution of nuclear protein transport with semi-intact yeast cells. (1993)

We have developed an in vitro nuclear protein import reaction from semi-intact yeast cells. The reaction uses cells that have been permeabilized by freeze-thaw after spheroplast formation. Electron microscopic analysis and antibody-binding experiments show that the nuclear envelope remains intact but the plasma membrane is perforated. In the presence of ATP and cytosol derived from yeast or mammalian cells, a protein containing the nuclear localization sequence (NLS) of SV40 large T-antigen is transported into the nucleus. Proteins with mutant NLSs are not imported. In the absence of cytosol, binding of NLS-containing proteins occurs at the nuclear envelope. N-ethylmaleimide treatment of the cytosol as well as antibodies to the nuclear pore protein Nsp1 inhibit import but not binding to the nuclear envelope. Yeast mutants defective in nuclear protein transport were tested in the in vitro import reaction. Semi-intact cells from temperature-sensitive nsp1 mutants failed to import but some binding to the nuclear envelope was observed. On the other hand, no binding and thus no import into nuclei was observed in semi-intact nsp49 cells which are mutated in another nuclear pore protein. Np13 mutants, which are defective for nuclear protein import in vivo, were also deficient in the binding step under the in vitro conditions. Thus, the transport defect in these mutants is at the level of the nucleus and the point at which nuclear transport is blocked can be defined.
AN ASIC FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS OF CORROSIVITY IN CONCRE (1999)

A microprocessor-compatible application specific integrated circu (ASIC) has been designed, implemented, and tested as part of the development of a microinstrument system for corrosivity monitorin concrete. The capability of this ASIC to perform electrochemical measurements that allow monitoring of corrosion rate, conductivit and Cl- concentration in concrete was demonstrated. Its performan was equivalent to that of much larger, conventional, commercial measuring systems. The simple and straightforward design of each measuring unit in the ASIC and its multiplexing capability minimi the power consumption. Low power consumption will be important as this ASIC is made part of a long-lived, wireless, embeddable, and intelligent microinstrument system. For the covering abstract se ITRD E117314.
Selective activity of dasatinib for the most common KIT mutation in melanoma (L576P) (2009)

9019 Background: Point mutations in the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase gene have recently been identified in melanomas from mucosal, acral lentiginous (AL), and chronically sun-damaged (CSD) sites. An improved understanding of the molecular characteristics of melanoma-prevalent KIT mutations may lead to more effective therapeutic approaches. Methods: Human melanoma cell lines were screened by mass-spectroscopy based genotyping for KIT mutations, and a cell line with an endogenous L576P KIT mutation was identified. The cell line was treated in vitro with a panel of small molecule KIT inhibitors and the effects on cell viability were quantified. Molecular modeling of the interaction of the inhibitors with the KIT L576P mutant protein was determined to estimate binding affinity. PET/CT studies were performed on patients with mucosal melanoma harboring the L576P mutation pre- and post-dasatinib treatment. Results: We have identified the first human melanoma cell line with an endogenous L576P mutation, the most common KIT mutation in melanoma. In vitro testing demonstrated that this cell line is resistant to imatinib, nilotinib and sorafenib (0 - 1 uM), KIT inhibitors shown to be effective in non-melanoma cells with other KIT mutations. However, the mutant cell line was inhibited by dasatinib at concentrations as low as 10 nM, and was significantly more sensitive than melanoma cell lines with wild-type KIT (p = 0.02). No difference in sensitivity to Src inhibitors was observed, supporting that this sensitivity was due to KIT inhibition. Molecular modeling demonstrated that the L576P mutation induces structural changes in KIT that reduce the affinity for imatinib but not for dasatinib. Two metastatic melanoma patients with the L576P KIT mutation were treated with dasatinib, including one patient previously treated with imatinib. Both patients had marked reduction and elimination of tumor FDG- avidity by PET imaging after dasatinib treatment. Conclusions: This data supports that dasatinib has a selective inhibitory effect against the most common KITmutation in melanoma and has implications for the development of AL, CSD, and mucosal melanoma treatment. [Table: see text]
Extracellular matrix scaffolds are repopulated by bone marrow‐derived cells in a mouse model of achilles tendon reconstruction (2006)

The extracellular matrix derived from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS-ECM), an FDA-approved material currently used clinically for rotator cuff repair, has been shown to attract bone marrow-derived cells during in vivo remodeling of a subcutaneous implant and produce chemoattractant peptides following chemical degradation in vitro. The purpose of the present study was to determine if bone marrow-derived cells participate in the long-term remodeling of the Achilles tendon in a mouse model when repaired with SIS-ECM. A 2-mm gap was produced in the Achilles tendon of 40 chimeric mice produced to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) in all of their bone marrow-derived cells. Tendons were repaired by replacing the resected section with autologous tendon tissue or with a single layer sheet of lyophilized SIS-ECM. Four animals from each treatment group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks, and sections were harvested for histologic and fluorescence microscopy. Both groups showed accumulation of GFP-expressing marrow-derived cells at the site of tendon remodeling at 1 and 2 weeks that were associated with areas of angiogenesis and inflammation. By 16 weeks, the SIS-ECM-treated group showed GFP expressing cells throughout the remodeled tendon in the absence of any inflammatory response, while the autologous tendon repair group showed no GFP expressing cells within the tendon except for occasional cells in the lumen of blood vessels. An SIS-ECM scaffold used for tendon repair recruits a population of bone marrow-derived cells that participates in the long-term remodeling process. The ability of SIS-ECM to recruit a population of marrow-derived cells to the remodeling site may alter the default mechanism of tendon healing. The involvement of these cells in the remodeling process may explain in part the process of site specific constructive remodeling as opposed to scar tissue formation when the ECM is used as a biologic scaffold for tendon reconstruction.
NAFLD may be a common underlying liver disease in patients with hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States (2002)

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States is increasing, but the clinical characteristics of American patients with HCC have not been well described. The aims of this study were to determine the etiology of liver disease and short-term outcome among HCC patients presenting to a single center in the United States. One hundred five consecutive patients with HCC were studied; mean age was 59 years, 67% were men, and 76% were non-Hispanic white. The most common etiology of liver disease was hepatitis C (51%) and cryptogenic cirrhosis (29%). Half of the patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis had histologic or clinical features associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fifty-three (50%) patients had HCC detected during surveillance (group I), whereas the remaining patients had symptomatic tumors (group II). Group I patients had smaller tumors ( P = 0.01), were more likely to be eligible for surgical treatment ( P = 0.005), and had a better medican survival compared with patients in group II ( P = 0.001). Patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis were less likely to have undergone HCC surveillance and had larger tumors at diagnosis. In conclusion, hepatitis C and cryptogenic liver disease are the most common etiologies of diseases in our patients with HCC. NAFLD accounted for at least 13% of the cases. Patients who underwent surveillance had smaller tumors and were more likely to be candidates for surgical or local ablative therapies. Because of the increasing incidence of NAFLD, further studies are needed to determine the risk of HCC in patients with NAFLD. (Hepatology2002;36:1349-1354).