gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A systematic Approach to Sampling During Well Testing (2001)

Abstract The industry is focusing on cost reductions by saving on expensive rig time and on reducing the impact on the environment during well testing. Decisions regarding field development are increasingly taken based on the results of samples and data obtained by wireline formation tester/samplers (WFT/S) and not on data obtained by flow to surface during a drill stem test. The use of oil-based mud to increase the drilling rate is also becoming more common. These measures reduce the likelihood of obtaining quality fluid samples and increase the uncertainty in field development projects related to fluid data. A systematic approach to fluid sampling is presented which discusses the different aspects related to the quality of fluid data obtained depending on the sampling method, type of reservoir fluid system and formation properties. Recommendations for the decision making process are presented.
Enhancement of the antiangiogenic activity of interleukin-12 by peptide targeted delivery of the cytokine to alphavbeta3 integrin. (2004)

We engineered a fusion protein, mrIL-12vp [mouse recombinant interleukin (IL)-12 linked to vascular peptide], linking the vascular homing peptide CDCRGDCFC (RGD-4C), a ligand for alphavbeta3 integrin, to mrIL-12 to target IL-12 directly to tumor neovasculature. The fusion protein stimulated IFN-gamma production in vitro and in vivo, indicating its biological activity was consistent with mrIL-12. Immunofluorescence techniques showed mrIL-12vp specifically bound to alphavbeta3 integrin-positive cells but not to alphavbeta3 integrin-negative cells. In corneal angiogenesis assays using BALB/c mice treated with either 0.5 microg/mouse/d of mrIL-12vp or mrIL-12 delivered by subcutaneous continuous infusion, mrIL-12vp inhibited corneal neovascularization by 67% compared with only a slight reduction (13%) in angiogenesis in the mrIL-12-treated animals (P = 0.008). IL-12 receptor knockout mice given mrIL-12vp showed a marked decrease in the area of corneal neovascularization compared with mice treated with mrIL-12. These results indicate that mrIL-12vp inhibits angiogenesis through IL-12-dependent and IL-12-independent mechanisms, and its augmented antiangiogenic activity may be due to suppression of endothelial cell signaling pathways by the RGD-4C portion of the fusion protein. Mice injected with NXS2 neuroblastoma cells and treated with mrIL-12vp showed significant suppression of tumor growth compared with mice treated with mrIL-12 (P = 0.03). Mice did not show signs of IL-12 toxicity when treated with mrIL-12vp, although hepatic necrosis was present in mrIL-12-treated mice. Localization of IL-12 to neovasculature significantly enhances the antiangiogenic effect, augments antitumor activity, and decreases toxicity of IL-12, offering a promising strategy for expanding development of IL-12 for treatment of cancer patients.
L-α-Glycerylphosphorylcholine (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTL-α-GlycerylphosphorylcholineErich Baer and Morris KatesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 4, 1394–1399Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01184a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01184a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views683Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gigantic deformable surfaces (2005)

From the RLE Sparse Level Set, the Compact RLE Level Set employs a run-length encoding (RLE) scheme that denoted the values of sequential grid points outside of the narrow band by signed runs. The level set values of narrow band grid points are stored explicitly. Taking inspiration from the DT-Grid, the Compact RLE Level Set applies the RLE encoding hierarchically first to the level set values along the x-axis, then to the resulting run codes along the y-axis, and then again to the resulting run codes along the z-axis. Unlike the DT-Grid, our new structure requires the specification of the current maximal bounding box (which can grow arbitrarily as needed to retain the out-of-boxness property.) It is important to note that the Compact RLE Level Set explicitly denotes undefined regions using run codes (which simplifies inside/outside tests in undefined regions), where the DT-Grid only implicitly delineates the undefined regions. Where as the RLE Sparse Level Set requires O(n2 + D) space, where n is the side length of the bounding box and D is the number of defined grid points, our fusion structure only requires O(D) space.
Evaluation of a module-integrated distributed battery energy storage system (2015)

This paper presents an evaluation of a module-integrated distributed battery energy storage system (BESS). Compared with the conventional centralized BESS, this paper provides a detailed evaluation of the module-integrated system merits and evaluates the charging, discharging and module balancing performance. A case study of a three-module system is used to demonstrate the functional performance of the module-integrated distributed BESS. It is verified through experiments that the module-integrated distributed BESS provides satisfied functional performance with additional advantages such as no extra equalizers or additional power converters, reduced power and voltage stresses of power electronic components, etc.
Coordinate-interleaved space-time coding with rotated constellation (2004)

This paper proposes a combined method of coordinate-interleaved space-time coding and rotated constellation, also known as signal-space diversity. The merits of space-time transmit diversity are supplemented with constellation rotation, which provides another way of providing diversity. Without any loss in the advantages of each source of diversity, the diversity order can be increased by up to twice the order of space-time coding or signal-space diversity. The combination of these two diversity schemes provides complementary effects to combat fast-varying and slowly-varying channel fading.
Optimal Side Shield Write Head Design for Ultra-High Recording Density (2008)

In magnetic writing heads, one of the most important factors for ultra-high recording density is the skirt width of write field along cross track direction without degradation of head field and field gradient. The side shield design is known to be the most powerful design for reducing the skirt width. However, the side shields reduce write field and field gradient weak. By finite-element method simulation, we propose the floating (separated) side shield to reduce skirt width without field degradation of write head. As a result, we were able to reduce skirt width from 350 to 250 nm with almost no head field degradation. In addition to increasing the recording density, the separated side shield design provides other benefits to head fabrication by reducing the topography of wafer process. We used design of experiment (DOE) tools, especially response surface method (RSM), to optimize the design. In the simulation, we took into account all soft magnetic materials (write head and soft magnetic underlayer). To verify the results, we checked the correlation between the head field of each shape and adjacent track encroachment (ATE).
Hydrogen Peroxide Formation by Discharges in Argon/Water Vapor Mixtures at Atmospheric Pressure (2005)

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide production was studied in an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge device. The discharge atmosphere was an argon/oxygen gas mixture of variable ratio with water vapor adjunction; H
Organosilanes as radical-based reducing agents in synthesis (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganosilanes as radical-based reducing agents in synthesisChryssostomos ChatgilialogluCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1992, 25, 4, 188–194Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00016a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00016a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3982Altmetric-Citations555LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LCM ver. 2: Efficient Mining Algorithms for Frequent/Closed/Maximal Itemsets (2004)

For a transaction database, a frequent itemset is an itemset included in at least a specied number of transactions. A frequent itemset P is maximal if P is included in no other frequent itemset, and closed if P is included in no other itemset included in the exactly same transactions as P. The problems of nding these frequent itemsets are fundamental in data mining, and from the applications, fast implementations for solving the problems are needed. In this paper, we propose ecien t algorithms LCM (Linear time Closed itemset Miner), LCMfreq and LCMmax for these problems. We show the eciency of our algorithms by computational experiments compared with existing algorithms.
Thromboxane A2 Signalling in Humans: a ‘Tail’ of Two Receptors (2001)

Since its discovery in 1975, we now have a wealth of knowledge relating to the biochemical, pharmacological and physiological actions of thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) and its related metabolites. These molecular insights have been greatly expedited by the molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA for the human TXA(2) receptor, now termed the T Prostanoid or TP receptor, from a megakaryocytic/placental cDNA library in 1991, and later through the discovery of a cDNA encoding a second isoform of the human TP receptor in 1994. The requirement for two TP receptors in primates, but not in other species thus far investigated, is unclear, but points to potential species-specific physiological differences. In this review, I will describe some recent advances in the research field of TXA(2)/TP receptor signalling, focusing particularly on studies pertaining to the human TP receptor isoforms.
An Integrated Numerical Design Tool for Air-to-refrigerant Heat Exchangers (2012)

In order to meet the requirement of simulating different types of heat exchangers which are widely used in refrigerating system by a simulation tool, a general 3D distributed-parameter numerical design tool, HXSIM, is introduced. A general simulation framework was adopted to establish a general purpose solver. With the help of control volume method, all types of heat exchangers can be divided into four types, which are fin-tube control volume, microchannel-fin control volume, wire-tube control volume and plate-tube control volume. There exists three objects in each control volume, which are refrigerant, air and tube fin (tube wire or tube plate), and the governing equations for each object are established according to its heat transfer and pressure drop characteristic. OpenGL was applied in building an interactive graphic user-friendly interface, and in developing HXSIM to facilitate a modular, highly flexible and customized simulation tool. The model prediction with HXSIM were verified against experimental data, which shows the maximum deviation for heat exchange capacity is within 10% and the maximum deviation for air side pressure drop is within 1.16 Pa.
The Effect of Multiple Scenes on Objective Video Quality Assessment (1992)

Presents objective to subjective correlation results when the scores from multiple video test scenes are averaged. It is shown that the prediction errors of the objective video quality model are reduced, yielding objective measurement results that more closely approximate the subjective viewing assessments.
Antimicrobial Constituents from Goldenseal (the Rhizomes of<i>Hydrastis canadensis</i>) against Selected Oral Pathogens (2003)

Two new C-methyl flavonoids, 6,8-di- C-methylluteolin 7-methyl ether (1) and 6- C-methylluteolin 7-methyl ether (2), were isolated from a commercially available sample of the roots of Hydrastis canadensis, along with seven known compounds, berberine (3), beta-hydrastine (4), canadine (5), canadaline (6), isocorypalmine (7), canadinic acid (8), and beta-sitosterol 3- O-beta- D-glucoside (9). The structures of the new compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data including 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Of these isolates, berberine (3) and, to a lesser extent, 1 and 2, showed antimicrobial activity when evaluated against the oral pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Berberine (3) exhibited an additive antimicrobial effect when tested against S. mutans in combination with 1.
Switched‐capacitor power sensing in low‐power energy harvesting systems (2013)

A method for power sensing in low‐power energy harvesting systems is presented. The technique utilises a small sense capacitor between the converter output and the main storage capacitor. The storage capacitor is disconnected from the converter for a short period of time and the change of sense capacitor voltage is measured. This change is proportional to the average output current of the converter for the period of the measurement, thus the relative output power can be determined using only voltage measurements. The method has been experimentally validated in a low‐power energy harvesting system that employs a microcontroller‐based control implementation.
The <i>m</i> – <i>t</i> Transformation and Twinning Analysis of Hot‐Pressed Sintered 3YSZ Ceramics (2011)

Microstructures of 3 mol% yttria‐stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) with different content of TiN were investigated in this study by XRD, SEM, and TEM. The specimens were hot‐pressing sintered at 1450°C for 2.5 h under 50 MPa in vacuum, and then further characterized on microstructure change and phase distribution. The TiN added to 3YSZ can suppress tetragonal ( t ) to monoclinic ( m )‐3YSZ phase transformations, reduce 3YSZ grain size, and improve its mechanical properties. The ceramic was formed of homogeneously dispersed 3YSZ and TiN grains with average size of 0.7 and 1 μm, respectively. The coexistence of t ‐ and m ‐phases was observed in one grain, and the nucleation of m ‐phase with acicular twin occurred preferentially at grain boundaries of t ‐phase. The TEM analysis was focused on the 3YSZ–30 wt% TiN specimens in order to identify the relationships between t ‐ and m ‐structures, and twin structures of m ‐phase. Two crystallographic relations of t ‐ to m ‐transformation are (100) m //(110) t , [010] m //[001] t in type I, and (100) m //(110) t , [001] m //[001] t in the type II. The acicular (100) m and lathlike (110) m twins in m ‐phase were also observed.
Degradable Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) with Tunable Thermosensitivity by Simultaneous Chain- and Step-Growth Radical Polymerization (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTDegradable Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with Tunable Thermosensitivity by Simultaneous Chain- and Step-Growth Radical PolymerizationMasato Mizuntani, Kotaro Satoh, and Masami Kamigaito*View Author Information Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Macromolecules 2011, 44, 7, 2382–2386Publication Date (Web):March 15, 2011Publication History Received10 January 2011Revised18 February 2011Published online15 March 2011Published inissue 12 April 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma2000465https://doi.org/10.1021/ma2000465brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1562Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Degradation,Monomers,Radical polymerization,Solution chemistry Get e-Alerts
Plasma F2-isoprostane levels are elevated in chronic hemodialysis patients (2002)

Using a sensitive and specific assay for the measurement of F2-IsoP, we demonstrated that CHD patients are under increased oxidative stress. During a single hemodialysis treatment, the hemodialysis membrane appears to have no discernable effect on oxidative stress status. Measurement of F2-isoprostanes may be a useful biomarker of oxidative stress status as well as in developing new therapeutic strategies to ameliorate inflammatory and oxidative injury in this patient population.
Relationship Between Serum Heparanase and Microscopic Venous Invasion in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2010)

The serum heparanase level of 92 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (median, 91.4 U/mL) was higher than that of 19 healthy control subjects. Serum heparanase levels were higher in patients with HCC characterized by large tumors (>5 cm), advanced pTNM stage (III and IV), tumor capsule absence, and portal vein invasion. Positive correlations between serum heparanase and tumor heparanase expression were observed in 92 patients with HCC, 53 among them treated with tumor resection. In these 53 patients, the rate of microscopic venous invasion was significantly higher in 18 cases with high serum heparanase levels (>91.4 U/mL) than in the other 35 cases with low heparanase levels (14/18 vs 10/35; P = .001). Serum heparanase and vascular endothelial growth factor were identified as independent predictive factors for HCC microscopic venous invasion. The postoperative recurrence-free time (median, 8.7 months; range, 4.1-22.9 months), recurrence rate (72% [13/18]), 1.5-year disease-free survival rate (29.7%) were significantly worse in these 18 patients.
Isolation and identification of lipopeptide antibiotics from Paenibacillus elgii B69 with inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2011)

Two lipopeptide antibiotics, pelgipeptins C and D, were isolated from Paenibacillus elgii B69 strain. The molecular masses of the two compounds were both determined to be 1,086 Da. Mass-spectrometry, amino acid analysis and NMR spectroscopy indicated that pelgipeptin C was the same compound as BMY-28160, while pelgipeptin D was identified as a new antibiotic of the polypeptin family. These two peptides were active against all the tested microorganisms, including antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacterial strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Time-kill assays demonstrated that pelgipeptin D exhibited rapid and effective bactericidal action against MRSA at 4×MIC. Based on acute toxicity test, the intraperitoneal LD50 value of pelgipeptin D was slightly higher than that of the structurally related antimicrobial agent polymyxin B. Pelgipeptins are highly potent antibacterial and antifungal agents, particularly against MRSA, and warrant further investigation as possible therapeutic agents for bacteria infections resistant to currently available antibiotics.
A nonenzymatic method for cleaving polysaccharides to yield oligosaccharides for structural analysis (2020)

Polysaccharides are the most abundant biomolecules in nature, but are the least understood in terms of their chemical structures and biological functions. Polysaccharides cannot be simply sequenced because they are often highly branched and lack a uniform structure. Furthermore, large polymeric structures cannot be directly analyzed by mass spectrometry techniques, a problem that has been solved for polynucleotides and proteins. While restriction enzymes have advanced genomic analysis, and trypsin has advanced proteomic analysis, there has been no equivalent enzyme for universal polysaccharide digestion. We describe the development and application of a chemical method for producing oligosaccharides from polysaccharides. The released oligosaccharides are characterized by advanced liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods with high sensitivity, accuracy and throughput. The technique is first used to identify polysaccharides by oligosaccharide fingerprinting. Next, the polysaccharide compositions of food and feces are determined, further illustrating the utility of technique in food and clinical studies.
Constrained mirror placement on the Internet (2002)

Web content providers and content distribution network (CDN) operators often set up mirrors of popular content to improve performance. Due to the scale and decentralized administration of the Internet, companies have a limited number of sites (relative to the size of the Internet) where they can place mirrors. We formalize the mirror placement problem as a case of constrained mirror placement, where mirrors can only be placed on a preselected set of candidates. We study performance improvement in terms of client round-trip time (RTT) and server load when clients are clustered by the autonomous systems (AS) in which they reside. Our results show that, regardless of the mirror placement algorithm used, for only a surprisingly small range of values there is an increase in the number of mirror sites (under the constraint) effective in reducing the client to server RTT and server load. In this range, we show that greedy placement performs the best.