gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uplink Resource Allocation for Frequency Selective Channels and Fractional Power Control in LTE (2011)

We consider the allocation of spectral and power resources every subframe (1 ms) on the uplink of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) wideband orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) cellular network. System bandwidth is divided into multiple sub-bands. The fractional power control to manage interference is allowed to be sub-band dependent. Moreover, the channel gains from the base-station to the mobiles (user equipment (UE) in LTE) can vary with the sub-band. The power and spectral resources are to be allocated among different UEs in a cell based on channel conditions, desired fairness/QoS, and constraints on power due to interference and power limitation at a UE. For N UEs and M sub-bands, we exploit the structure of the underlying optimization problem to obtain an interior point method for optimal resource allocation where each Newton step has complexity O(NM). To implement this in an OFDMA system, we delineate a simple control signalling structure where the UE computes in O(M) time a waterfllling solution every subframe it is assigned resources. When the allocation is restricted to contiguous allocation in frequency due to single carrier constraint in LTE, we convert the solution computed above into a feasible solution in O(NM) time. For typical network scenarios, the solution thus computed is numerically shown to be very close to the optimal solution without the contiguous constraint.
Unsupervised Color Decomposition Of Histologically Stained Tissue Samples (2003)

Accurate spectral decomposition is essential for the analysis and diagnosis of histologically stained tissue sections. In this paper we present the first automated system for performing this decomposition. We compare the performance of our system with ground truth data and report favorable results. 1
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:math>-Electron Ferromagnetism in Metal-Free Carbon Probed by Soft X-Ray Dichroism (2007)

Elemental carbon represents a fundamental building block of matter and the possibility of ferromagnetic order in carbon has attracted widespread attention. However, the origin of magnetic order in such a light element is only poorly understood and has puzzled researchers. We present a spectromicroscopy study at room temperature of proton irradiated metal-free carbon using the elemental and chemical specificity of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. We demonstrate that the magnetic order in the investigated system originates only from the carbon pi-electron system.
Is the incidence of registrable age-related macular degeneration increasing? (1996)

These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that the incidence of ARMD is increasing in Britain. It is difficult to exclude potential sources of bias in these data, however, particularly with respect to classification and coding of cause; more reliable population based data on ARMD in Britain are needed.
Chemistry of Epoxy Compounds. VI.<sup>2</sup> Thermal Polymerization of the Isomeric 9,10-Epoxystearic Acids<sup>1a</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of Epoxy Compounds. VI.2 Thermal Polymerization of the Isomeric 9,10-Epoxystearic Acids1aDaniel Swern, Geraldine N. Billen, and C. Roland EddyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 3, 1228–1235Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01183a107https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01183a107research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dual spin filter effect in a zigzag graphene nanoribbon (2010)

By first principle calculations, a dual spin filter effect under finite bias voltages is demonstrated in an antiferromagnetic junction of symmetric zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR). Unlike conventional spin filter devices using half metallic materials, the up and down-spin electrons are unidirectionally filtered in the counter direction of the bias voltage, making the junction a dual spin filter. On the contrary, asymmetric ZGNRs do not exhibit such a spin filter effect. By analyzing Wannier functions and a tight-binding model, we clarify that an interplay between the spin polarized band structure of $\ensuremath{\pi}$ and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{\ast}}$ states near the Fermi level and decoupling of the interband hopping of the two states, arising from the symmetry of the wave functions, plays a crucial role in the effect.
Large-scale label-free single-cell analysis of paramylon in Euglena gracilis by high-throughput broadband Raman flow cytometry (2020)

Microalga-based biomaterial production has attracted attention as a new source of drugs, foods, and biofuels. For enhancing the production efficiency, it is essential to understand its differences between heterogeneous microalgal subpopulations. However, existing techniques are not adequate to address the need due to the lack of single-cell resolution or the inability to perform large-scale analysis and detect small molecules. Here we demonstrated large-scale single-cell analysis of <i>Euglena gracilis</i> (a unicellular microalgal species that produces paramylon as a potential drug for HIV and colon cancer) with our recently developed high-throughput broadband Raman flow cytometer at a throughput of >1,000 cells/s. Specifically, we characterized the intracellular content of paramylon from single-cell Raman spectra of 10,000 <i>E. gracilis</i> cells cultured under five different conditions and found that paramylon contents in <i>E. gracilis</i> cells cultured in an identical condition is given by a log-normal distribution, which is a good model for describing the number of chemicals in a reaction network. The capability of characterizing distribution functions in a label-free manner is an important basis for isolating specific cell populations for synthetic biology via directed evolution based on the intracellular content of metabolites.
Alloalbuminemia and the migrations of native Americans (1988)

Genetic variants of serum albumin are known from populations around the world. Most are quite rare and limited to one family or population, but among several North and Central American Indian populations, two variants, albumins Naskapi and Mexico, reach polymorphic frequencies. No selective advantage to either of these variants has yet been discovered. Their distribution may reflect, in part, prehistoric and historic population movements, and intertribal contacts such as these can now be reconstructed from archeological, linguistic, and historical investigations. In addition, albumin Naskapi has been discovered in at least one non-Indian population, the “Eti” Turks, and perhaps among Indians of the Punjab in north India. If albumin Naskapi has not arisen by independent mutations in each population, its presence in Asia is consistent with an Asian origin of American Indians, and further study could provide more specific localization. Additional analyses of other genetic polymorphisms in these populations may provide additional information on the affinities and origins of the early migrants to the New World.
Effect of Chlorine on Rayleigh Scattering Reduction in Silica Glass (2003)

The Rayleigh-scattered light intensities of silica glasses containing chlorine with concentrations from 0 to 1.8 mol% were measured. The scattered intensity was found to change linearly to the fictive temperature but was independent of chlorine concentration within experimental error. The result indicates that chlorine dopant influences neither density nor concentration fluctuation. From the present result, how much the Rayleigh scattering can be reduced by heat treatment and doping of chlorine was estimated, and chlorine was found to be an effective dopant for achieving the reduction.
ELTD1, an effective anti-angiogenic target for gliomas: preclinical assessment in mouse GL261 and human G55 xenograft glioma models (2016)

Either as a single therapy or in conjunction with other therapeutic approaches, anti-ELTD1 antibodies could be a valuable new clinical anti-angiogenic therapeutic for high-grade gliomas.
Doubly resonant Ti:sapphire laser (1992)

A CW Ti:sapphire laser that operates simultaneously at two frequencies is described. This mode of operation was obtained with an intracavity dispersive prism and two separate feedback paths. An alternative means of achieving dual frequency operation was demonstrated using a birefringent filter. Repetitive Q-switching produced an increase in the range of wavelengths over which dual frequency operation was obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Neutrophil accumulation in ischemic canine myocardium. Insights into time course, distribution, and mechanism of localization during early reperfusion. (1991)

These data support the concepts that rapid neutrophil localization during reperfusion occurs within regions of previous myocardial ischemia and that neutrophils preferentially localize within the subendocardial region. The rate of neutrophil localization is greatest within the first hour after the initiation of reperfusion, and localization is, at least in part, CD18 dependent. Therapies directed against neutrophil-mediated reperfusion injury should be initiated with these considerations in mind.
Fundamental Frequency and Regularity of Cardiac Electrograms With Fourier Organization Analysis (2010)

Dominant frequency analysis (DFA) and organization analysis (OA) of cardiac electrograms (EGMs) aims to establish clinical targets for cardiac arrhythmia ablation. However, these previous spectral descriptions of the EGM have often discarded relevant information in the spectrum, such as the harmonic structure or the spectral envelope. We propose a fully automated algorithm for estimating the spectral features in EGM recordings. This approach, called Fourier OA (FOA), accounts jointly for the organization and periodicity in the EGM, in terms of the fundamental frequency instead of dominant frequency. In order to compare the performance of FOA and DFA-OA approaches, we analyzed simulated EGM, obtained in a computer model, as well as two databases of implantable defibrillator-stored EGM. FOA parameters improved the organization measurements with respect to OA, and averaged cycle length and regularity indexes were more accurate when related to the fundamental (instead of dominant) frequency, as estimated by the algorithm (p < 0.05 comparing f(0) estimated by DFA and by FOA). FOA yields a more detailed and robust spectral description of EGM compared to DFA and OA parameters.
Glioma Surgical Aspirate: A Viable Source of Tumor Tissue for Experimental Research (2013)

Brain cancer research has been hampered by a paucity of viable clinical tissue of sufficient quality and quantity for experimental research. This has driven researchers to rely heavily on long term cultured cells which no longer represent the cancers from which they were derived. Resection of brain tumors, particularly at the interface between normal and tumorigenic tissue, can be carried out using an ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) that deposits liquid (blood and irrigation fluid) and resected tissue into a sterile bottle for disposal. To determine the utility of CUSA-derived glioma tissue for experimental research, we collected 48 CUSA specimen bottles from glioma patients and analyzed both the solid tissue fragments and dissociated tumor cells suspended in the liquid waste fraction. We investigated if these fractions would be useful for analyzing tumor heterogeneity, using IHC and multi-parameter flow cytometry; we also assessed culture generation and orthotopic xenograft potential. Both cell sources proved to be an abundant, highly viable source of live tumor cells for cytometric analysis, animal studies and in-vitro studies. Our findings demonstrate that CUSA tissue represents an abundant viable source to conduct experimental research and to carry out diagnostic analyses by flow cytometry or other molecular diagnostic procedures.
Novel protein in human epidermal keratinocytes: regulation of expression during differentiation. (1988)

Recently, two groups of cDNA clones have been isolated from human epidermal keratinocytes; the clones correspond to genes whose expression is stimulated by exposure of the cells to UV light or treatment with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (T. Kartasova and P. van de Putte, Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:2195-2203, 1988). The proteins predicted by the nucleotide sequence of both groups of cDNAs are small (8 to 10 kilodaltons), are exceptionally rich in proline, glutamine, and cysteine, and contain repeating elements with a common sequence, PK PEPC. These proteins were designated sprI and sprII (small, proline rich). Here we describe the characterization of the sprIa protein, which is encoded by one of the group 1 cDNAs. The expression of this protein during keratinocyte differentiation in vitro and the distribution of the sprIa protein in some human tissues was studied by using a specific rabbit antiserum directed against a synthetic polypeptide corresponding to the 30 amino acids of the C-terminal region of the sprIa gene product. The results indicate that the expression of the sprIa protein is stimulated during keratinocyte differentiation both in vitro and in vivo.
Isolation and Partial Characterization of Bacteria in an Anaerobic Consortium That Mineralizes 3-Chlorobenzoic Acid (1984)

A methanogenic consortium able to use 3-chlorobenzoic acid as its sole energy and carbon source was enriched from anaerobic sewage sludge. Seven bacteria were isolated from the consortium in mono- or coculture. They included: one dechlorinating bacterium (strain DCB-1), one benzoate-oxidizing bacterium (strain BZ-2), two butyrate-oxidizing bacteria (strains SF-1 and NSF-2), two H(2)-consuming methanogens (Methanospirillum hungatei PM-1 and Methanobacterium sp. strain PM-2), and a sulfate-reducing bacterium (Desulfovibrio sp. strain PS-1). The dechlorinating bacterium (DCB-1) was a gram-negative, obligate anaerobe with a unique "collar" surrounding the cell. A medium containing rumen fluid supported minimal growth; pyruvate was the only substrate found to increase growth. The bacterium had a generation time of 4 to 5 days. 3-Chlorobenzoate was dechlorinated stoichiometrically to benzoate, which accumulated in the medium; the rate of dechlorination was ca. 0.1 pmol bacterium day. The benzoate-oxidizing bacterium (BZ-2) was a gram-negative, obligate anaerobe and could only be grown as a syntroph. Benzoate was the only substrate observed to support growth, and, when grown in coculture with M. hungatei, it was fermented to acetate and CH(4). One butyrate-oxidizing bacterium (NSF-2) was a gram-negative, non-sporeforming, obligate anaerobe; the other (SF-1) was a gram-positive, sporeforming, obligate anaerobe. Both could only be grown as syntrophs. The substrates observed to support growth of both bacteria were butyrate, 2-dl-methylbutyrate, valerate, and caproate; isobutyrate supported growth of only the sporeforming bacterium (SF-1). Fermentation products were acetate and CH(4) (from butyrate, isobutyrate, or caproate) or acetate, propionate, and CH(4) (from 2-dl-methylbutyrate or valerate) when grown in coculture with M. hungatei. A mutualism among at least the dechlorinating, benzoate-oxidizing, and methane-forming members was apparently required for utilization of the 3-chlorobenzoate substrate.
Protection from Application Layer DDoS Attacks for Popular Websites (2013)

One of the major threats for the Internet's reliability and stability is Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack. The attackers are becoming more sophisticated and organized, also several high-profile attacks targeted prominent Websites. These are the prime reasons that gained importance for the study of DDoS attack detection and prevention. It becomes more undetectable if the legitimate HTTP requests are utilized by Application-layer based DDoS attacks to overwhelm the victim resource. Whenever such an attack occur or mimics the normal flash crowd event of a popular website, then it leads to serious problems. Flash crowd is a situation when a large number of web users are simultaneously accessing a popular Website, which results in a sudden increase of traffic to the website and this may cause the site to be virtually unreachable[1]. Here a mechanism to capture the normal flash crowd event pattern is introduced and the App-DDoS attack monitoring, detection and then blocking of further attack is implemented. An effective method is introduced to identify whether the surge in traffic is caused by normal Web surfers or by App-DDoS attackers. Access Matrix (AM) is defined to detect App-DDoS attacks based on userlogs and threshold value. Hidden Markov model is used to detect App-DDoS attack based on user behavior.
Redefining the digital divide: Attitudes do matter! (2007)

Abstract For the majority of current day internet researchers they key issue is not “who” is connected to the internet but “what” are people doing when they are connected. In particular there is a growing interest in social computing, and especially technology such as blogs, wikis, myspace, and the like. But have we abandoned the issue of “who” for “what” too soon? This paper will present a research project that explores the psychological barriers that prevent people within community from integrating information and communication technology into their lives. The research will use the Social Cognitive Theory by Bandura to examine the psychology of the digital divide. Participants in the study are members of the San Jose community. Self administered surveys are used for data collection. The research influences our understanding of the digital divide by providing evidence that the characteristics or make up of the digital divide is more complex than the current understanding of the phenomenon. Existing digital divide studies have taken primarily a socio‐economic perspective, and portray the digital divide as a relatively simple premise: the digital divide is a dichotomous concept – you either have access to ICT or you don't. And this access is determined by factors such as income, employment and education. This research illustrates that psychology does matter; and that the digital divide involves both more members of the population and different members of the population then current research has shown to date. As such the current research has brought to light elements of the digital divide which have not being considered in contemporary discourse about the phenomenon.
Antitumor activity of the novel investigational compound PM00104 (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

5882 

PM00104 has demonstrated antiproliferative in vitro activity against a broad spectrum of human solid and non-solid tumor types. Regarding solid tumors, PM00104 exhibited in vitro antitumor activity (i.e., IC50 ≤ 10-8 M) against representative cell lines of bladder, gastric, kidney, melanoma, pancreas, prostate, sarcoma, and thyroid; similar activities were noted against leukemia and lymphoma as representatives of non-solid tumors. PM00104 also demonstrated in vitro antitumor activity, although to a lesser extent (i.e., IC50 ranging from 10-7 to 10-6 M), in representative cell lines of breast, colon, lung, prostate (DU-145), sarcoma (SK-LMS-1 and SW-684), and lymphoma (U937). In vitro activity (i.e., 10-6 to 10-5 M) was not seen, however, in a representative ovarian cell line (SK-OV-3). In vivo tumor profiling of compound PM00104 was accomplished by using a panel of six human tumor types, i.e., breast, colon, gastric, ovarian, prostate, and renal. The resulting tumor susceptibility was analyzed in xenografts grown in athymic mice when PM00104 was administered as single intravenous bolus (SIVB) injections. PM00104 demonstrated statistically significant antitumor activity against breast, gastric, and renal malignancies [i.e., lowest ratio deltaT/deltaC = -65% (on Day 9), 23% (on Day 6), 7% (on Day 6), respectively]. In colon tumors, only a trend to significance was observed after SIVB PM00104 administration [lowest ratio deltaT/deltaC = 47% (on Day 7)] for the sample size tested (i.e., N = 5). With regard to gender-specific malignancies, PM00104 significantly inhibited prostate tumors [lowest ratio ?T/?C = 1% (on Day 7)], but was inactive against ovarian tumors. In summary, PM00104 demonstrated strong antitumor activity in breast, gastric, prostate, and renal, but had a more moderate antitumorigenic profile against colon.
Fat and Urea in Finishing Rations for Steers (1966)

Relations between animal fat and urea in complete mixed rations were studied in three feedlot trials and one metabolism trial. Rate of gain was consistently depressed by simultaneous additions of fat and urea. Adding fat to the control ration reduced (P<.01) digestibility of dry matter, energy and NFE. When urea was added along with fat, digestibility of crude protein was also reduced (P<.01). The addition of calcium, lysine or corn distillers dried grains with solubles to rations containing both animal fat and urea did not improve feedlot performance.
Ga-67 and Fe-59 distributions in mice. (1978)

Tissue distributions of i.v.-injected Ga-67 citrate and [59Fe] ferric citrate were measured in normal mice and in lymphoid-tumor hosts. The study arose out of previously reported tissue-culture work showing marked transferrin stimulation of Ga-67 and Fe-59 uptakes by cultured cells from mouse lymphoid tumors. In vivo, however, no obvious correlation was found between Ga-67 and Fe-59 tissue distributions; indeed, Ga-67 showed high affinity for tumor tissue and low affinity for hemopoietic tissues, while for Fe-59 the reverse applied. Taken together, these comparisons of kinetics and distributions for Ga-67 and Fe-59 suggest that a tissue's avidity for Ga-67 is strongly influenced by other factors besides the cell population's capacity for transferrin interactions.