gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human cerebrocortical potentials evoked by stimulation of the dorsal nerve of the penis (1998)

Cortical evoked potentials resulting from stimulation of the dorsal nerve of the penis (DNP) provide a unique opportunity to document the cortical localization of sexual sensory representation in man. The DNP supplies sensory axons to the major portion of the human phallus, including the penile shaft and glans. Animal and human studies indicate that this nerve plays a crucial role in erection and ejaculation. Direct cortical evoked responses to DNP electrical stimulation were recorded in patients undergoing preoperative evaluation for resection of epileptic foci. These studies provided evidence that the primary sensory cortex contains a large area of cortex devoted to the afferent fibers of the DNP and that the sensory field is in a different location than previously described. The location and distribution of this response indicated the need for revision of the traditional concept of the sensory cortical homunculus.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium and Sodium‐Ion Energy Storage Batteries (2013)

Abstract Review: 101 refs.
Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel Based on Poly(propylene phosphate) (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTStimuli-Responsive Hydrogel Based on Poly(propylene phosphate)Jun Wang, Daniel D. N. Sun, Yoshitsune Shin-ya, and Kam W. LeongView Author Information Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 Cite this: Macromolecules 2004, 37, 2, 670–672Publication Date (Web):December 23, 2003Publication History Received27 September 2003Published online23 December 2003Published inissue 1 January 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma035453dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma035453dbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views699Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Drug release,Hydrogels,Phosphates,Polymer solutions,Polymers Get e-Alerts
An implication-based method to detect multi-cycle paths in large sequential circuits (2002)

This paper proposes a fast multi-cycle path analysis method for large sequential circuits. It determines whether or not all the paths between every flip-flop pair are multi-cycle paths. The proposed method is based on ATPG techniques, especially on implication techniques, to utilize circuit structure and multi-cycle path condition directly. The method also checks whether or not the multi-cycle path may be invalidated by static hazards in combinational logic parts. Experimental results show that our method is much faster than conventional ones.
Magnetochromatics resulted from optical gratings of magnetic fluid films subjected to perpendicular magnetic fields (2000)

A two-dimensional ordered structure can be formed in a thin film of homogeneous magnetic fluids by applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the film. The characteristic spacing of the ordered structure can be controlled by several parameters, such as the field strength, the sweep rate, the thickness of the film, and the volume concentration of homogeneous magnetic fluids. The length of the characteristic spacing ranges from several micrometers to submicrometers. Depending on the size of the spacing, magnetic fluid films are capable of diffracting an incoming white light. The diffracted light then interferes resulting in a chromatic effect. This effect is well illustrated by the chromatic rings produced by passing a white light through the magnetic fluid films possessing an ordered structure. Because of the changeability of the characteristic spacing, the magnetochromatic effect of magnetic fluid films can be controlled by altering these control parameters.
The Reactions of Activated Amides. IV. The Reactions of Amide Acetals with Esters (1969)

Attempted condensation of dimethylacetamide diethylacetal (Ia) with ethyl phenylacetate (IV) was unsuccessful whereas the reaction of N, N-dimethylvinylamine (IIa) with IV afforded crotonic acid derivative (V) (type A reaction). On the other hand, intramolecular condensation between amide acetals with ester carbonyl (type B reaction) was found to proceed smoothly. Thus, the enamino ketone derivatives (Xa, b) were obtained from the amide acetals (IXa, b) by simply refluxing them in t-butanol.
A high-speed low-latency digit-serial hybrid adder (2004)

In this paper, we present a new digit-serial hybrid adder. The adder can be pipelined to the bit-level and is, therefore, well suited for high-speed applications. The main advantage of the proposed adder is that it can be implemented with few pipelining stages. We compare speed, area, and power consumption for the proposed adder with a digit-serial carry-look-ahead adder and a digit-serial Ladner-Fisher adder. The results show that the delay of the digit-serial hybrid adder is lower than the others studied in this paper for digit-sizes up to d=12. For these digit-sizes the digit-serial hybrid adder has on average 17% smaller critical path than the digit-serial carry-look-ahead adder and a 21% smaller critical path that the digit-serial Ladner-Fisher adder.
Viral RNA trafficking is inhibited in replicase-mediated resistant transgenic tobacco plants. (1996)

Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Turkish Samsun NN) plants expressing a truncated replicase gene sequence from RNA-2 of strain Fny of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) are resistant to systemic CMV disease. This is due to suppression of virus replication and cell-to-cell movement in the inoculated leaves of these plants. In this study, microinjection protocols were used to directly examine cell-to-cell trafficking of CMV viral RNA in these resistant plants. CMV RNA fluorescently labeled with the nucleotide-specific TOTO-1 iodide dye, when coinjected with unlabeled CMV 3a movement protein (MP), moved rapidly into the surrounding mesophyll cells in mature tobacco leaves of vector control and untransformed plants. Such trafficking required the presence of functional CMV 3a MP. In contrast, coinjection of CMV 3a MP and CMV TOTO-RNA failed to move in transgenic resistant plants expressing the CMV truncated replicase gene. Furthermore, coinjection of 9.4-kDa fluorescein-conjugated dextran (F-dextran) along with unlabeled CMV 3a MP resulted in cell-to-cell movement of the F-dextran in control plants, but not in the transgenic plants. Similar results were obtained with viral RNA when the 30-kDa MP of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was coinjected with TMV TOTO-RNA into replicase-resistant transgenic tobacco expressing the 54-kDa gene sequence of TMV. However, in these transgenic plants, the TMV-MP was still capable of mediating cell-to-cell movement of itself and the 9.4-kDa F-dextran. These results indicate that an inhibition of cell-to-cell viral RNA trafficking is correlated with replicase-mediated resistance. This raises the possibility that the RNA-2 product is potentially involved in the regulation of cell-to-cell movement of viral infectious material during CMV replication.
Fast Block Structure Determination in Av1-Based Multiple Resolutions Video Encoding (2018)

The widely used adaptive HTTP streaming requires an efficient algorithm to encode the same video to different resolutions. In this paper, we propose a fast block structure determination algorithm based on the AV1 codec that accelerates high resolution encoding, which is the bottle-neck of multiple resolutions encoding. The block structure similarity across resolutions is modeled by the fineness of frame detail and scale of object motions, this enables us to accelerate high resolution encoding based on low resolution encoding results. The average depth of a block's co-located neighborhood is used to decide early termination in the RDO process. Encoding results show that our proposed algorithm reduces encoding time by 30.1%-36.8%, while keeping BD-rate low at 0.71%-1.04%. Comparing to the state-of-the-art, our method halves performance loss without sacrificing time savings.
Molecular Characterization of <i>fliD</i> Gene Encoding Flagellar Cap and Its Expression among <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Isolates from Different Serogroups (2001)

The fliD gene encoding the flagellar cap protein (FliD) of Clostridium difficile was studied in 46 isolates belonging to serogroups A, B, C, D, F, G, H, I, K, X, and S3, including 30 flagellated strains and 16 nonflagellated strains. In all but three isolates, amplification by PCR and reverse transcription-PCR demonstrated that the fliD gene is present and transcribed in both flagellated and nonflagellated strains. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of amplified fliD gene products revealed interstrain homogeneity, with one of two major patterns (a and b) found in all but one of the strains, which had pattern c. A polyclonal monospecific antiserum raised to the recombinant FliD protein reacted in immunoblots with crude flagellar preparations from 28 of 30 flagellated strains but did not recognize FliD from nonflagellated strains. The fliD genes from five strains representative of the three different RFLP groups were sequenced, and sequencing revealed 100% identity between the strains with the same pattern and 88% identity among strains with different patterns. Our results show that even though FliD is a structure exposed to the outer environment, the flagellar cap protein is very well conserved, and this high degree of conservation suggests that it has a very specific function in attachment to cell or mucus receptors.
Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 Enhances Viral Replication in CD172a <sup>+</sup> Monocytic Cells upon Adhesion to Endothelial Cells (2015)

Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is a highly prevalent pathogen worldwide, causing frequent outbreaks of abortion and myeloencephalopathy, even in vaccinated horses. After primary replication in the respiratory tract, EHV-1 disseminates via cell-associated viremia in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and subsequently infects the endothelial cells (EC) of the pregnant uterus or central nervous system, leading in some cases to abortion and/or neurological disorders. Recently, we demonstrated that CD172a(+) monocytic carrier cells serve as a "Trojan horse" to facilitate EHV-1 spread from blood to target organs. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the transmission of EHV-1 from CD172a(+) cells to EC. We demonstrated that EHV-1 infection induces cellular changes in CD172a(+) cells, promoting their adhesion to EC. We found that both cell-to-cell contacts and the secretion of soluble factors by EC activate EHV-1 replication in CD172a(+) cells. This facilitates transfer of cytoplasmic viral material to EC, resulting mainly in a nonproductive infection. Our findings give new insights into how EHV-1 may spread to EC of target organs in vaccinated horses.
Sensitivity of Antibacterials of <i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i> Isolated from Impetigo Patients (1997)

We measured the sensitivity to antibacterials of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from impetigo lesions during one year (from July 1994 to July 1995). The largest number of strains was resistant to gentamicin, followed by erythromycin. Few methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains were isolated and few strains were resistant to more than one drug. We conclude that nadifloxacin and tosufloxacin are likely to be most effective against S. aureus, but fusidic acid is more suitable for the treatment of children.
<i>In vitro</i> Augmentation of Natural Killer Cell Activity and Production of Interferon‐α/β and ‐γ with Deoxyribonucleic Acid Fraction from <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> BCG (1988)

A nucleic acid-rich fraction extracted and purified from BCG (MY-1) augmented natural killer (NK) cell activity of mouse spleen cells in vitro, and produced factor(s) which showed anti-viral activity and rendered normal macrophages cytotoxic towards tumor cells. These cellular responses were induced by the MY-1 digested preliminarily with RNase, but not by the MY-1 digested with DNase, indicating that DNA contained in MY-1 was essential for the responses. The function of the factor to activate macrophages was destroyed by treatment with a small amount of anti-interferon (IFN)-gamma antiserum or under acidic conditions (pH 2), but not by treatment with anti-IFN-alpha/beta antiserum, while the anti-viral activity was destroyed almost completely by treatment with anti-IFN-alpha/beta antiserum. It appears that DNA from BCG stimulated mouse spleen cells in vitro, resulting in augmentation of NK activity and production of IFN-alpha/beta and -gamma.
Propositional production systems for dialog description (1990)

The Propositional Production System (PPS) for describing interactive dialogs is defined. It is shown to be a superset of state machines, window event translation tables and event response systems. It is shown how dialogs can be expanded by means of inheritance and how semantic control information can be uniformly integrated into the dialog model. Optimizations are defined which can tune the executable machine for either minimal space or minimal execution time.
How honey kills bacteria (2010)

With the rise in prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, honey is increasingly valued for its antibacterial activity. To characterize all bactericidal factors in a medical-grade honey, we used a novel approach of successive neutralization of individual honey bactericidal factors. All bacteria tested, including Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli, ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, were killed by 10-20% (v/v) honey, whereas > or = 40% (v/v) of a honey-equivalent sugar solution was required for similar activity. Honey accumulated up to 5.62 +/- 0.54 mM H(2)O(2) and contained 0.25 +/- 0.01 mM methylglyoxal (MGO). After enzymatic neutralization of these two compounds, honey retained substantial activity. Using B. subtilis for activity-guided isolation of the additional antimicrobial factors, we discovered bee defensin-1 in honey. After combined neutralization of H(2)O(2), MGO, and bee defensin-1, 20% honey had only minimal activity left, and subsequent adjustment of the pH of this honey from 3.3 to 7.0 reduced the activity to that of sugar alone. Activity against all other bacteria tested depended on sugar, H(2)O(2), MGO, and bee defensin-1. Thus, we fully characterized the antibacterial activity of medical-grade honey.
Low Bone Density Is an Etiologic Factor for Stress Fractures in Athletes (1990)

In athletes with similar training habits, those with stress fractures are more likely to have lower bone density, lower dietary calcium intake, current menstrual irregularity, and lower oral contraceptive use.
Microenvironment effects on the kinetics of electron-transfer reactions involving dithionite ions and viologens. 2. Stabilization of ion radicals by polyelectrolytes and dimerization kinetics of dialkyl viologens (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicroenvironment effects on the kinetics of electron-transfer reactions involving dithionite ions and viologens. 2. Stabilization of ion radicals by polyelectrolytes and dimerization kinetics of dialkyl viologensB. Claude-Montigny, A. Merlin, and C. TondreCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 11, 4432–4437Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100190a056https://doi.org/10.1021/j100190a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
N,N-Dimethyl-N'-benzohydryl-N'-(2-pyridyl)-ethylenediamine and Related Compounds as Histamine Antagonists (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN,N-Dimethyl-N'-benzohydryl-N'-(2-pyridyl)-ethylenediamine and Related Compounds as Histamine AntagonistsIrving Allan Kaye, Irving C. Kogon, and Chester L. ParrisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 2, 403–407Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01122a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01122a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ectopic expression of  1,6 fucosyltransferase in mice causes steatosis in the liver and kidney accompanied by a modification of lysosomal acid lipase (2001)

The alpha1,6 fucosyltransferase (alpha1,6 FucT) catalyzes the transfer of a fucose from GDP-fucose to the innermost GlcNAc residue of N-linked glycans via an alpha1,6 linkage. alpha1,6 FucT was overexpressed in transgenic mice under the control of a combined cytomegalovirus and chicken beta-actin promoter. Histologically numerous small vacuoles, in which lipid droplets had accumulated, were observed in hepatocytes and proximal renal tubular cells. Electron microscopic studies showed that the lipid droplets were membrane-bound and apparently localized within the lysosomes. Cholesterol esters and triglycerides were significantly increased in liver and kidney of the transgenic mice. Liver lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) activity was significantly lower in the transgenic mice compared to the wild mice, whereas LAL protein level, which was detected immunochemically, was increased, indicating that the specific activity of LAL was much lower in the transgenic mice. In all of the transgenic and nontransgenic mice examined, the activity of liver LAL was negatively correlated with the level of alpha1,6 FucT activity. As evidenced by lectin and immunoblot analysis, LAL was found to be more fucosylated in the transgenic mice, suggesting that the aberrant fucosylation of LAL causes an accumulation of inactive LAL in the lysosomes. Such an accumulation of inactive LAL could be a likely cause for a steatosis in the lysosomes of the liver and kidney in the case of the alpha1,6 FucT transgenic mice.
Modern technologies of fabrication and testing of large convex secondary mirrors (2016)

Modern large telescopes such as TAO, LSST, TMT and EELT require 0.9m-4m monolithic convex secondary mirrors. The fabrication and testing of these large convex secondary mirrors of astronomical telescopes is getting challenging as the aperture of the mirror is getting bigger. The biggest challenge to fabricate these large convex aspheric mirrors is to measure the surface figure to a few nanometers, while maintaining the testing and fabrication cycle to be efficient to minimize the downtime. For the last a couple of decades there was huge advancement in the metrology and fabrication of large aspheric secondary mirrors. College of Optical Sciences in the University Arizona developed a full fabrication and metrology process with extremely high accuracy and efficiency for manufacturing the large convex secondary mirrors. In this paper modern metrology systems including Swing-Arm Optical Coordinate Measuring System (SOCMM) which is comparable to Interferometry and a Sub-aperture stitching interferometry scalable to a several meters have been presented. Also a Computer Controlled Fabrication Process which produces extremely fine surface figure and finish has been demonstrated. These most recent development has been applied to the fabrication and testing of 0.9m aspheric convex secondary mirror for the Tokyo Atacama Observatory’s 6.5m telescope and the result has been presented.
Detection of Genetic Alterations in Pancreatic Cancers by Comparative Genomic Hybridization Coupled with Tissue Microdissection and Degenerate Oligonucleotide Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (2002)

The aim of this study was to elucidate cytogenetic changes in pancreatic cancers (PCs) and to examine their clinical implications. We screened for genetic alterations in 32 primary PCs including 4 cases with distant organ metastasis using comparative genomic hybridization coupled with tissue microdissection and degenerate oligonucleotide primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR). The present study revealed frequent gains of chromosomes 13q and 15q and a loss of Xq in addition to a high prevalence of chromosomal imbalances. The average number of total genetic alterations and gains tended to be higher in N1 tumors (TNM classification) than in N0 tumors. The average number of amplifications was significantly higher in M1 tumors than in M0 tumors (p = 0.024). Gain/amplification of 20q was more frequently observed in M1 tumors than in M0 tumors (p = 0.016), and this change was also detected in all of 4 distant metastatic lesions. Losses of 6q, 8p, 9p, 17p, and 18q were recurrent in N0 and M0 tumors, and these alterations were also retained in N1 and M1 tumors. These observations suggest that these genetic losses contribute to the development of PCs and that increases in the DNA copy number confer an aggressive character on cancer cells. Especially, gain/amplification of 20q was associated with the potential of distant organ metastasis of tumor cells.