gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Host-Derived Pentapeptide Affecting Adhesion, Proliferation, and Local pH in Biofilm Communities Composed of <i>Streptococcus</i> and <i>Actinomyces</i> Species (2006)

Salivary proline-rich proteins (PRPs) attach commensal Actinomyces and Streptococcus species to teeth. Here, gel filtration, mass spectrometry and Edman degradation were applied to show the release of a pentapeptide, RGRPQ, from PRP-1 upon proteolysis by Streptococcus gordonii. Moreover, synthetic RGRPQ and derivatives were used to investigate associated innate properties and responsible motifs. The RGRPQ peptide increased 2.5-fold the growth rate of S. gordonii via a Q-dependent sequence motif and selectively stimulated oral colonization of this organism in a rat model in vivo. In contrast, the growth of Streptococcus mutans, implicated in caries, was not affected. While the entire RGRPQ sequence was required to block sucrose-induced pH-decrease by S. gordonii and S. mutans, the N-terminal Arg residue mediated the pH increase (i.e., ammonia production) by S. gordonii alone (which exhibits Arg catabolism to ammonia). Strains of commensal viridans streptococci exhibited PRP degradation and Arg catabolism, whereas cariogenic species did not. The RGRPQ peptide mediated via a differential Q-dependent sequence motif, adhesion inhibition, and desorption of PRP-1-binding strains of A. naeslundii genospecies 2 (5 of 10 strains) but not of S. gordonii (n=5). The inhibitable A. naeslundii strains alone displayed the same binding profile as S. gordonii to hybrid peptides terminating in RGRPQ or GQSPQ, derived from the middle or C-terminal segments of PRP-1. The present findings indicate the presence of a host-bacterium interaction in which a host peptide released by bacterial proteolysis affects key properties in biofilm formation.
Validation of the manufacturing process used to produce long‐acting recombinant factor<scp>IX</scp>Fc fusion protein (2014)

Recombinant factor IX Fc (rFIXFc) fusion protein is the first of a new class of bioengineered long-acting factors approved for the treatment and prevention of bleeding episodes in haemophilia B. The aim of this work was to describe the manufacturing process for rFIXFc, to assess product quality and to evaluate the capacity of the process to remove impurities and viruses. This manufacturing process utilized a transferable and scalable platform approach established for therapeutic antibody manufacturing and adapted for production of the rFIXFc molecule. rFIXFc was produced using a process free of human- and animal-derived raw materials and a host cell line derived from human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293H cells. The process employed multi-step purification and viral clearance processing, including use of a protein A affinity capture chromatography step, which binds to the Fc portion of the rFIXFc molecule with high affinity and specificity, and a 15 nm pore size virus removal nanofilter. Process validation studies were performed to evaluate identity, purity, activity and safety. The manufacturing process produced rFIXFc with consistent product quality and high purity. Impurity clearance validation studies demonstrated robust and reproducible removal of process-related impurities and adventitious viruses. The rFIXFc manufacturing process produces a highly pure product, free of non-human glycan structures. Validation studies demonstrate that this product is produced with consistent quality and purity. In addition, the scalability and transferability of this process are key attributes to ensure consistent and continuous supply of rFIXFc.
Outcome of treatment in adults with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia---results of the prospective multicenter LALA-94 trial (2002)

From 1994 to 2000, 154 adults with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph(+)) and/or BCR-ABL(+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated according to a prospective trial (median follow-up, 4.5 years) with the aim to study the prognostic value of early response to therapy and the role of stem cell transplantation (SCT) in first complete remission (CR). All patients received a standard induction course followed by a course of mitoxantrone and intermediate-dose cytarabine (HAM). After each course, minimal residual disease was tested by specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (median sensitivity, 10(-5)). Allogeneic SCT (if a donor) or autologous SCT (if not) was planned at 3 months in all patients in CR after HAM. CR rates after induction, after HAM, and at 3 months were 53%, 67%, and 62%, respectively. High leukocyte count and m-bcr subtype were the 2 identified bad-prognosis factors for CR at 3 months, both superseded by a poor early response assessed at day 8 of the induction course. HAM-associated salvage rate was higher in patients with M-bcr than in those with m-bcr ALL (55% vs 30%; P =.05). In the 103 patients eligible for SCT, the existence of a donor and the negative BCR-ABL status after HAM were independently predictive of remission duration (P <.001 and.01, respectively) and survival (P =.02 and.01, respectively). Relapse was the most common cause of treatment failure in all patient groups. Allogeneic SCT in first CR is the current best treatment option in adults with the disease. New strategies must be tested during early phases of therapy to increase the rate of BCR-ABL(-) remissions.
Estimating basis functions for spectral sensitivity of digital cameras (2009)

Spectral sensitivity of digital cameras plays an important role for many computer vision applications. However, less attention has been drawn on estimating the spectral sensitivity of commercial cameras, and there is neither comprehensive analysis of those spectral characteristics. This paper investigates the characteristics by extracting the basis functions of them by using SVD (Singular Value Decomposition); we have collected data from the literature but also by measuring the sensitivity of different cameras. This paper compares the extracted basis functions with different mathematical basis functions and obtains the optimum set of basis functions. The extracted basis functions can be used to estimate the unknown spectral sensitivity of an arbitrary camera.
PAPNET for Cervical Cytology Screening (1999)

PAPNET is an efficient and fast screener for the detection of precancerous cervical lesions and cancer.
The novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, N-hydroxy-7-(2-naphthylthio) hepatonomide, exhibits potent antitumor activity due to cytochrome-c-release-mediated apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma cells (2015)

Epigenetic modifications play a critical role in the regulation of all DNA-based processes, such as transcription, repair, and replication. Inappropriate histone modifications can result in dysregulation of cell growth, leading to neoplastic transformation and cell death. Renal tumors have been shown to have a higher global methylation percentage and reduced histone acetylation. Preclinical models have revealed that histone gene modifiers and epigenetic alterations play important roles in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumorigenesis. Recently, a novel HDAC inhibitor, N-hydroxy-7-(2-naphthylthio) heptanomide (HNHA), has been introduced as an example of a new class of anti-cancer agents. The anti-cancer activity of HNHA and the underlying mechanisms of action remain to be clarified. The MTS assay using a panel of RCC cells was used to evaluate the anti-proliferative effects of HNHA. The established HDAC inhibitors, SAHA and TSA, were used for comparison. Western blotting analysis was performed to investigate the acetylation of histone H3 and the expression of apoptotic markers in vitro and in vivo. Subcellular fractionation was performed to evaluate expression of Bax and cytochrome c in the cytosol and mitochondria, and also translocation of cytochrome c from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. A confocal microscopic evaluation was performed to confirm inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and the nuclear translocation of cytochrome c in RCC cells. In this study, we investigated the apoptosis-inducing activity of HNHA in cultured kidney cancer cells. Apoptosis in the HNHA-treated group was induced significantly, with marked caspase activation and Bcl-2 suppression in RCC cells in vitro and in vivo. HNHA treatment caused cytochrome c release from mitochondria, which was mediated by increased Bax expression and caspase activation. HNHA also induced nuclear translocation of cytochrome c, suggesting that HNHA can induce caspase-independent nuclear apoptosis in RCC cells. An in vivo study showed that HNHA had greater anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic effects on RCC xenografts than the established HDAC inhibitors. HNHA has more potent anti-tumor activity than established HDAC inhibitors. Its activities are mediated by caspase-dependent and cytochrome-c-mediated apoptosis in RCC cells. These results suggest that HNHA may offer a new therapeutic approach to RCC.
C#Builder Kick Start (2003)

C#Builder Kick Start provides a rapid overview of the C#Builder tool, a Borland developeri¾?s introduction to C# explaining the new forms and interfaces, and set of examples illustrating the power of C#, C#Builder, and .NET development. Special attention is paid to differences between existing Borland tools and development strategies and C#Builder.
Lactate Threshold Comparison in Anaerobic vs. Aerobic Athletes and Untrained Subjects (2014)

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(4) : 329-338, 2014. This study compared VO2 max, lactate threshold (LT) and VO2 at LT (VO2LT) among aerobic athletes (ARA) (n=10), anaerobic athletes (ANA) (n=9) and untrained participants (UTS) (n=7). From a treadmill test to exhaustion, VO2 max and LT (4 mmol·L-1 blood lactate concentration) were assessed. Analysis of variance showed VO2 max (ml·kg-1·min-1) was significantly greater for ARA (67.6 ± 9.4) than ANA (53.4 ± 6.4) and UTS (44.9 + 6.9), with ANA significantly greater than UTS. LT for ARA (82.9 + 6.4) was not significantly different than ANA (77.5 + 13.1). However, ARA and ANA were significantly greater than UTS (66.8 + 5.4). VO2LT (ml·kg-1·min-1) was significantly greater for ARA (55.9 + 7.7) and ANA (41.5 + 8.6) than for UTS (29.9 + 4.1) with ANA significantly greater than UTS. Although used to establish groups, VO2 max for ARA (vs. UTS) reflect aerobic training adaptations. Similarly high LT would be expected in ARA. Modest VO2 max for ANA reflects only a mild stimulus to oxidative pathways (plausibly occurring during recovery from repeated high-intensity efforts). However, anaerobic training may provide a stimulus adequate to increase LT. Elevated LT with moderate changes in VO2 max for ANA provide indirect evidence that differential mechanisms alter VO2 max and LT. Still, VO2 at LT would have the greatest implication with regards to aerobic performance. From a practical standpoint, training approaches may be enhanced with a greater understanding of the impact of anaerobic training on LT. Future research should more directly examine threshold-altering mechanisms between these groups of athletes.
Motion Refinement Based Progressive Side-Information Estimation for Wyner-Ziv Video Coding (2010)

During the past ten years, Wyner-Ziv video coding (WZVC) has gained a lot of research interests because of its unique characteristics of "simple encoding, complex de coding." However, the performance gap between WZVC and conventional video coding has never been closed to the point promised by the information theory. In this paper, we illustrate the chicken-and-egg dilemma encountered in WZVC: high efficiency WZVC requires good estimation of side information (SI); however, good SI estimation is not possible for the decoder without access to the decoded current frame. To resolve such a dilemma, we present and advocate a framework that explores an important concept of decoder-side progressive-learning. More specifically, a decoder-side multi-resolution motion refinement (MRMR) scheme is proposed, where the decoder is able to learn from the already-decoded lower-resolution data to refine the motion estimation (ME), which in turn greatly improves the SI quality as well as the coding efficiency for the higher resolution data. Theoretical analysis shows that at high rates, decoder-side MRMR outperforms motion extrapolation by as much as 5 dB, while falling behind conventional encoder-side inter-frame ME by only about 1.5 dB. In addition, since decoder-side ME does not suffer from the bit-rate overhead in transmitting the motion information, further performance gain can be achieved for decoder-side MRMR by incorporating fractional-pel motion search, block matching with smaller block sizes, and multiple hypothesis prediction. We also present a practical WZVC implementation with MRMR, which shows comparable coding performance as H.264 at very high bit rates.
Shengmaisan Regulates Pacemaker Potentials in Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Mice (2013)

These results suggest that SMS might affect GI motility by modulating the pacemaker activity through an internal Ca(2+)- and PLC-dependent and PKC-independent pathway in the ICCs.
The VlsE (IR6) Peptide ELISA in the Serodiagnosis of Lyme Facial Paralysis (2004)

The VlsE peptide ELISA showed a high sensitivity and specificity in the serological diagnosis of Lyme facial paralysis, similar to the two-tier test. The principal advantage of the VlsE peptide ELISA is that it requires only one test rather than four tests. However, the specificity of the VlsE test may not be as high as that of the two-tier test.
Graeco-Latin squares design for line detection in the presence of correlated noise (2000)

In this paper, the problem of detecting narrow lines embedded in correlated noise is investigated. An approach based on the contrast theory is adapted to the four-way Graeco-Latin squares design. The analysis provides a theoretical basis for the comparison of a line detector to other detectors that ignore noise dependence. A new and compensated algorithm is developed for detecting lines oriented in any major direction in a two-dimensional image plane. The four-way design is also shown to remove any background obscuration, and the actual processor is robust, simple, efficient, and suitable for real-time applications. Extensive computer simulations demonstrate the performance of the proposed detector relative to some classical mask-based detectors.
Acute pulmonary embolism 2: treatment (2001)

Patients with pulmonary embolism are at risk for death, recurrence of embolism or chronic morbidity.Appropriate treatment can reduce the incidence of all.The mortality attributable to pulmonary embolism can be up to 30% in untreated patients, more than 10 times the annual mortality for patients treated with anticoagulant drugs (2.5%).Balanced against the danger of non-treatment are the risks of treatment.As the primary process leading to pulmonary embolism is deep venous thrombosis (DVT), antithrombotic regimens are the mainstay of treatment.These include drugs that inhibit blood coagulation (heparin, oral anticoagulants, direct thrombin inhibitors), and thrombolytic drugs.Anticoagulation, by preventing clot propagation, allows endogenous fibrinolytic activity to dissolve existing thromboemboli.Anticoagulant treatment is essentially prophylactic, since these agents only interrupt progression of the thrombotic process; unlike thrombolytic agents, they do not actively resolve it.Direct mechanical resolution of the pulmonary vascular obstruction caused by pulmonary embolism can be performed by surgical embolectomy or catheter techniques.Unfractionated heparin (UFH), low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), direct thrombin inhibitors, and thrombolytic agents in appropriate doses, as well as surgical or catheter embolectomy, are used to treat acute pulmonary embolism.Oral anticoagulants, dextran, physical techniques that counteract venous stasis, inferior vena caval procedures, and lower doses of UFH or LMWH are used for prevention, but these prophylactic regimens are not appropriate for treatment of acute disease.A general scheme for the treatment of pulmonary embolism is shown in fig 1.When there is a suspicion of pulmonary embolism and no strong contraindication to heparin it is wise to start treatment with a bolus of 5000-10000 U while the diagnostic work up is pursued.If subsequent tests rule out the diagnosis then heparin can be stopped.With established diagnosis, the treatment depends on the circulatory state of the patient.With severely impaired circulation-that is, in patients with hypotension or shock-the relief of pulmonary vascular obstruction must be as fast as possible, and in these patients thrombolytic treatment, perhaps combined with mechanical fragmentation of the clot, is indicated.If these measures fail or if thrombolysis is contraindicated, then emergency embolectomy should be undertaken.If thrombolysis is successful, it is followed by heparin and oral anticoagulants.
Solution of 1-D Schrodinger and Poisson equations double gate SOI MOS (2002)

In this paper the self-consistent solution of Schrodinger and Poisson equations is applied to single- and double-gate SOI MOS structures. The reasons for possible advantages related to the presence of the two symmetric gates in the latter case are investigated.
Mercuracarborand “Anti-Crown Ether”-Based Chloride-Sensitive Liquid/Polymeric Membrane Electrodes (1999)

Highly sensitive and selective chloride liquid/polymeric membrane electrodes are described that employ [9]-mercuracarborand-3 (MC3), a neutral preorganized macrocyclic Lewis acid, as the anion carrier. MC3-based chloride-sensitive membrane electrodes, doped with different mole percentages of cationic additives (5, 10, and 60 mol % tridodecylmethylammonium chloride) relative to the amount of the carrier, exhibit enhanced potentiometric selectivity for chloride over other anions, including more lipophilic anions such as perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate. In addition, the selectivity coefficients obtained are shown to meet the requirement for clinical applications. The obtained selectivity pattern is shown to correlate very well with 199Hg NMR titrations of MC3 with various anions, performed in organic solvents. Optimized membrane electrodes show a near-Nernstian response toward chloride over a wide concentration range and have micromolar detection limits. MC3-based chloride sensors show a fast response time (in the order of few seconds), as well as short recovery time. The developed mercuracarborand-based sensors do not practically respond to pH changes over the pH range of 2.5-7.0. Response characteristics (e.g., detection limit, linear range, response slope, and selectivity) of the [9]mercuracarborand-3 based chloride sensors remain essentially the same over a period of approximately 2 months, reflecting remarkable stability and well-defined chemistry of the macrocyclic Lewis acid ionophore.
Temperature-dependent influence of a-Si:H cell degradation on the energy delivered under realistic reporting conditions (1993)

Various environmental effects such as variable irradiance, temperature and spectral distribution of the irradiating light cause considerable deviations in the efficiency of any PV system from its name plate rating efficiency (measured at SRC). An a-Si:H solar cell module will additionally suffer some losses through light-induced degradation. These various losses in the energy delivered by an a-Si:H solar cell operated outdoors are separated. Furthermore, the authors investigate whether an improvement in the energy output is possible when the cell is operated at higher temperatures (in which case long term degradation losses should be smaller). An estimate reveals a possible gain of up to 5% when the a-Si:H module's average operating temperature is increased by 5 K. In order to obtain these results, a complete description of the performance of a-Si:H solar cells is required. This includes the knowledge of both the cell's behaviour under realistic reporting conditions (in terms of irradiance, temperature and spectrum) and a degradation model (dependent on irradiance and temperature as well).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Randomized Evaluation of Loss and Gain Frames in an Invitation to Screening for Type 2 Diabetes (2010)

A randomized controlled trial in two general practices in Cambridgeshire compared the effect of loss and gain framed messages in an invitation to screening for type 2 diabetes on uptake and subsequent anxiety and self-rated health. High risk individuals aged 40-69 years were randomized to receive loss (n = 57) or gain (n = 59) framed screening invitations. A postal questionnaire was sent to all participants, including non-attenders, after six weeks. There were no significant differences in attendance, mean state anxiety, self-rated health or illness representation between the loss and gain frame arms. Framing of information in diabetes screening invitations does not influence uptake.
Fortnightly Review: Pulse oximetry: a practical review (1995)

<SEC id="BOX0"><st>Summary points</st> <l type="unord"><li> Hypoxaemia is common, poorly detected, and harmful </li><li> Pulse oximetry is a simple, reliable, and accurate means of detecting hypoxaemia </li><li> Pulse oximetry should be widely available and routinely used </li></l> </SEC>
Fas (CD95)-Dependent Cell-Mediated Immunity to<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (1998)

Two distinct and complementary pathways, one mediated by perforin and the other dependent upon CD95 (Fas), effect cell-mediated cytotoxicity. We examined the relative roles of these pathways in host defenses against the intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes by using murine listeriosis as a model system. Mice which lacked both perforin and Fas (P0L0) were generated, and their responses to primary and secondary listeriosis were compared to those of wild-type (WT), Fas-deficient (L0), and perforin knockout (P0) mice. Relative to WT mice during primary listeriosis, P0 mice exhibited a reduced capacity to clear the infection from their spleens but not their livers whereas L0 mice had elevated bacterial titers in their livers and a modestly increased titer in their spleens. In contrast, bacterial titers in P0L0 mice were increased approximately 50- to 560-fold in their spleens and 230- to 1, 000-fold in their livers; eventual clearance of listeriae from both organs was significantly delayed. Furthermore, the resistance of P0L0 mice to secondary listeriosis was significantly reduced in their spleens and livers compared to that of WT, P0, or L0 mice. In vitro experiments indicated that immune cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) lysed L. monocytogenes-infected hepatocytes primarily via a Fas-dependent, perforin-independent mechanism. The absence of Fas severely abrogated the lysis of infected hepatocytes by immune CD8(+) CTL. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence for Fas-dependent CTL-mediated lysis of L. monocytogenes-infected hepatocytes and demonstrate complementary roles for Fas and perforin in host defenses against an intracellular bacterial pathogen.