gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gain-levering enhanced continuous wavelength tuning (6.1 nm) in two-section strained multiquantum well DFB lasers (1990)

We report the widest continuous wavelength tuning range, 6.1 nm (780 GHz ), achieved at λ= 1.53μm in two-section DFB lasers using graded-index separate-confinement ( GRIN-SCH ) strained multiquantum-well (MQW) structures.
Expression Analysis of the NLRP Gene Family Suggests a Role in Human Preimplantation Development (2008)

According to our results, different NLRPs possibly work in a stage-dependent manner during human preimplantation development.
Evaporation Studies of the Sintered Aluminum Oxide Discharge Tubes Used in High Pressure Sodium (HPS) Lamps (1980)

In order to achieve the highest possible luminous efficacy, HPS lamps are generally designed to operate at the highest possible wall loading, and thus wall temperature, for the sintered aluminum oxide discharge tube. At wall temperatures above 1150°C-1200°C, excessive alumina sublimation rates can produce dark deposits on the outer envelope that can cause significant lumen losses within an unacceptably short time period. In order to determine whether higher wall temperatures could be realized for the HPS discharge tube using a fill gas rather than a vacuum in the outer envelope, evaporation studies were carried out on HPS discharge tubes mounted in evacuated and gas-filled outer envelopes.
Review article: Bone density in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4‐5 (2009)

Skeletal fractures are common in dialysis patients. Bone density measurements predict fractures in the general population, but in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) there is limited ability to predict fractures with these techniques. A review of the literature in patients with CKD stage 5 shows that bone density in the cortical bone of the radius or hip is generally lower compared with normal reference ranges by about one to two standard deviations, whereas in the spine bone density tends to be closer to the average expected values. The bone density is not able to predict the underlying histology in patients with renal osteodystrophy. The serum PTH levels are inversely related to bone density in some studies, and not related in other studies, but none found a positive association of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bone density. There are very few data about longitudinal changes of bone density in these patients, and also inadequate studies of whether osteoporosis medications are effective in this population. Therefore, at this time the clinical utility of bone density measurements in patients with CKD-5 is uncertain.
Measurement of fiber length, coarseness, and shape with the fiber quality analyzer (1999)

Fiber length, coarseness, and fiber curl index were measured for a variety of papermaking pulps using a new commercial instrument, the fiber quality analyzer (FGA). The results were compared with measurements obtained using other available methods. The fiber length measurements obtained with the FGQ were similar to those reported by the Kajaani FS-200 fiber-length analyzer. Coarseness measurements obtained with the FQA were similar to results from both the FS-100 and the manual TAPPI method (TAPPI T 234 cm-84). Fiber curl index as measured by the FQA was approximately 20% lower than manual measurements obtained using image analysis. Repeatability and interlaboratory reproducibility data are reported for 3 samples at 11 laboratories. The FQA flow cell operated without plugging problems, suggesting that it is suitable for on-line measure ments. Application: Evaluates the precision and accuracy of measurements of fiber length, coarseness, and curl as reported by the recently developed fiber quality analyzer.
All-fiber-photonics-based ultralow-noise agile frequency synthesizer for X-band radars (2017)

We propose and demonstrate an agile X-band signal synthesizer with ultralow phase noise based on all-fiber-photonic techniques for radar applications. It shows phase noise of −145  dBc/Hz (−152  dBc/Hz) at 10 kHz (100 kHz) offset frequency for 10 GHz carrier frequency with integrated RMS timing jitter between 7.6 and 9.1 fs (integration bandwidth: 10 Hz–10 MHz) for frequencies from 9 to 11 GHz. Its frequency switching time is evaluated to be 135 ns with a 135 pHz frequency tuning resolution. In addition, the X-band linear-frequency-modulated signal generated by the proposed synthesizer shows a good pulse compression ratio approximating the theoretical value. In addition to the ultrastable X-band signals, the proposed synthesizer can also provide 0–1 GHz ultralow-jitter clocks for analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and digital-to-analog converters (DAC) in radar systems and ultralow-jitter optical pulse trains for photonic ADC in photonic radar systems. The proposed X-band synthesizer shows great performance in phase stability, switching speed, and modulation capability with robustness and potential low cost, which is enabled by an all-fiber-photonics platform and can be a compelling technology suitable for future X-band radars.
High temperature polymer matrix composites (1987)

These are the proceedings of the High Temperature Polymer Matrix Composites Conference held at the NASA Lewis Research Center on March 16 to 18, 1983. The purpose of the conference is to provide scientists and engineers working in the field of high temperature polymer matrix composites an opportunity to review, exchange, and assess the latest developments in this rapidly expanding area of materials technology. Technical papers are presented in the following areas: (1) matrix development; (2) adhesive development; (3) Characterization; (4) environmental effects; and (5) applications.
GPR91 deficiency exacerbates allergic contact dermatitis while reducing arthritic disease in mice (2016)

A deficiency in succinate sensing during mast cell development confers these cells with a hyperactive phenotype. Such a phenomenon does not translate into exacerbation of asthma or mast cell-dependent arthritis. On the contrary, the fact that Sucnr1<sup>-/-</sup> mice developed reduced arthritic disease, using two different in vivo models, indicates that GPR91 antagonists may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases.
Chile: Los registros de ADN y los Derechos Constitucionales: ¿Como esquilar sin despellejar? (2003)

Para algunos autores el modelo de privacidad que considera lo intimo como una frontera que no pueden traspasar los demas, no tiene futuro, por lo que la defensa de la intimidad ya no tiene realmente sentido, a causa de que formamos parte de una sociedad tecnificada.
A Novel Trust Evaluation Model Based on Grey Clustering Theory for Routing Networks (2013)

The trust solutions to routing networks are faced with the evaluation of behavior trust and how to exactly evaluate the behaviors under the circumstance of existing recommend deceptive behavior such as providing fake or misleading recommendation. In this paper, by learning trust relationship from routing network, a trust evaluation model based on Grey Clustering Theory is proposed. The model adopts improved Bayes theory to evaluate the behavior trust. By introducing Grey Clustering Theory, the model clusters the recommend node to different trust classes according to recommend credibility and calculates the recommend weight to resistance the fraud recommends information from the deceptive node. Simulation results show that trust evaluation model based on Grey Clustering Theory cannot only effectively evaluate the routing node behavior but also has better anti-attack performance, anti-deception performance and higher attack node detection rate.
Antiproliferative Bistramides from <i>Trididemnum cyclops</i> from Madagascar (2009)

Bioassay-guided fractionation of a marine extract from Trididemnum cyclops afforded the new lipopeptide 39-oxobistramide K (1) and the known bistramides A (2) and D (3). Structure elucidation of 1 was carried out by analysis of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and HRMS data. Bistramides have been reported to exhibit antiproliferative activity in the nanomolar range against a number of tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo. The isolate 1 was tested for antiproliferative activity against the A2780 cell line and exhibited an IC(50) value of 0.34 microM.
The Soviet tragedy: a history of socialism in Russia, 1917-1991 (1994)

Writing as Z in the world-famous article To the Stalin Mausoleum, Malia predicted the inevitable collapse of the Soviet Union. In this brilliant narrative, he evokes both the tragedy and desperate delusion that characterized the 74-year Soviet experiment with socialism to reveal why that system held such appeal for the Russians and why they refused to let go for so long. Previously announced.
A tool kit for quantifying eukaryotic rRNA gene sequences from human microbiome samples (2012)

Eukaryotic microorganisms are important but understudied components of the human microbiome. Here we present a pipeline for analysis of deep sequencing data on single cell eukaryotes. We designed a new 18S rRNA gene-specific PCR primer set and compared a published rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene primer set. Amplicons were tested against 24 specimens from defined eukaryotes and eight well-characterized human stool samples. A software pipeline https://sourceforge.net/projects/brocc/ was developed for taxonomic attribution, validated against simulated data, and tested on pyrosequence data. This study provides a well-characterized tool kit for sequence-based enumeration of eukaryotic organisms in human microbiome samples.
High energy density MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>/MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> redox couple for alkaline redox flow batteries (2016)

The MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>/MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> redox couple has a positive redox potential, high electrochemical reversibility and high solubility, up to 3.62 M at room temperature. Careful optimization of the electrolyte composition and the potential limits eliminates the side reactions, making this redox couple an attractive option for alkaline redox flow batteries.
Analysis of inversions and sister chromatid exchanges in chromosome 3 of human lymphocytes exposed to X-rays (1999)

It has been shown repeatedly that exposure of G(1) cells unifilarily labelled with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to X-rays leads to sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) when the cells are allowed to grow for one further cycle in the absence of BrdU. It has been suggested that damage induced by ionizing radiation does not lead to 'true' SCE and that the observed SCE are 'false', resulting from structural chromosomal aberrations, especially interstitial inversions. We used a painting probe for the p14 region of human chromosome 3 and anti-BrdU antibodies to analyse the frequency of radiation-induced SCE in that chromosome. This method allowed us to discriminate between para- and pericentric 'true' and 'false' SCE. Our results indicate that most radiation-induced SCE do not result from inversions.
General Method of Synthesis for Natural Long-Chain β/-Diketones (1987)

Two general methods of synthesis have been developed for the preparation of long-chain beta-diketones. The first relies on malonate-type alkylation of acid chlorides derived from fatty acids, while the second, more direct method, involves coupling and subsequent hydrolysis of long-chain acetylenes with acid chlorides of fatty acids.
Carbon Nanotube Templated Self-Assembly and Thermal Processing of Gold Nanowires (2000)

Gold nanowires have been produced by the self-assembly of gold nanoparticles onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The nanotubes were mixed with a suspension of gold nanoparticles, resulting in a decrease in color intensity of the suspension, and indicating binding between the nanotubes and the gold (see Figure). Subsequent heating in air for 2 min gave rise to continuous nanowires up to 10 μm in length (see also cover).
Continuous Myoelectric Control for Powered Prostheses Using Hidden Markov Models (2004)

This paper represents an ongoing investigation of dexterous and natural control of upper extremity prostheses using the myoelectric signal. The scheme described within uses a hidden Markov model (HMM) to process four channels of myoelectric signal, with the task of discriminating six classes of limb movement. The HMM-based approach is shown to be capable of higher classification accuracy than previous methods based upon multilayer perceptrons. The method does not require segmentation of the myoelectric signal data, allowing a continuous stream of class decisions to be delivered to a prosthetic device. Due to the fact that the classifier learns the muscle activation patterns for each desired class for each individual, a natural control actuation results. The continuous decision stream allows complex sequences of manipulation involving multiple joints to be performed without interruption. The computational complexity of the HMM in its operational mode is low, making it suitable for a real-time implementation. The low computational overhead associated with training the HMM also enables the possibility of adaptive classifier training while in use.
Task allocation for distributed multimedia processing on wirelessly networked handheld devices (2002)

In this paper, we consider distributed multimedia processing on wirelessly networked handheld devices, where multimedia data are heavily processed when transferred between the server and the handheld. We show that, to minimize battery consumption on the handheld, a tradeoff often needs to be made between the energy consumed by computation versus that by data transfer. We develop an energy cost model and present a task partition and allocation scheme to divide the data-processing responsibility between the server and the handheld. Experiments are performed on a Compaq iPAQ device which is connected to a server via a WaveLan interface. Out of 17 programs from the Mediabench suite, our scheme is shown to save energy significantly in 13 of them over the default mode of processing data locally on the handheld.
Dendrimer-Encapsulated Camptothecins: Increased Solubility, Cellular Uptake, and Cellular Retention Affords Enhanced Anticancer Activity <i>In vitro</i> (2006)

A biocompatible polyester dendrimer composed of the natural metabolites, glycerol and succinic acid, is described for the encapsulation of the antitumor camptothecins, 10-hydroxycamptothecin and 7-butyl-10-aminocamptothecin. The cytotoxicity of the dendrimer-drug complex toward four different human cancer cell lines [human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29), non-small cell lung carcinoma (NCI-H460), and glioblastoma (SF-268)] is also reported, and low nmol/L IC(50) values are measured. Cellular uptake and efflux measurements in MCF-7 cells show an increase of 16-fold for cellular uptake and an increase in drug retention within the cell when using the dendrimer vehicle.
The new generation gelatins (1987)

Gelatin solutions of various kinds have been used as intravenous infusions since the First World War and belong to a heterogeneous group of fluids which tend to maintain the colloid osmotic pressure. They are produced by the breakdown of bovine collagen to yield solutions with a range of molecular weights. Anaphylactoid reactions are a rare but well-recognised complication of their use. The solutions help to fill a hiatus that exists between crystalloids and blood products.
Electron microscopy study of interfacial reaction between eutectic SnPb and Cu/Ni(V)/Al thin film metallization (2000)

The wetting reaction between molten eutectic SnPb solder and a sputtered trilayer Cu/Ni(V)/Al thin film metallization was studied using cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Reaction temperatures were from 200 to 240 °C and reaction times ranged from 1 to 40 min. The initial reaction products were Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn. The latter transforms to the former after an annealing greater than 1 min at 220 °C. The Cu6Sn5 grains adhere well to the Ni(V) surface and no spalling of them was observed, even after 40 min at 220 °C. This surprising result indicates that the Cu/Ni(V)/Al or Cu6Sn5/Ni(V)/Al is a stable thin film metallization for low temperature eutectic SnPb solder direct chip attachment to organic substrates. Additionally, Kirkendall voids accompanied Cu3Sn formation, yet the voids disappear when the Cu3Sn transforms to Cu6Sn5.
Cell Reselection Parameter Optimization in UMTS (2005)

With UMTS deployments well underway, one of the key performance metrics is standby time. In idle mode, standby time depends on the cell reselection mechanism. Operators can adjust stand-by time and camping cell quality performance by optimizing operator-configurable cell reselection parameters to, for instance, differentiate their service from others. In this paper, the impact of these parameters is investigated based on diverse field data from different characteristic RF environments (e.g. outdoor, indoor, low/high speed, pilot/not pilot polluted) collected in commercial networks. Performance metrics (camping cell quality, relative standby time) are computed for different parameter sets using a simulation platform that makes efficient use of over-sampled channel measurements to improve reliability and includes a standby-time model described below. Simulation results illustrate the tradeoffs for different parameter settings in different RF environments. Interestingly, camping cell quality and standby time do not always run in opposite directions.
Can MR Imaging Diagnose Adult-Onset Alexander Disease? (2008)

Awareness of the MR pattern described allows an effective selection of the patients who need genetic investigations for the GFAP gene. This MR pattern even led to identification of asymptomatic cases and should be regarded as highly characteristic of AOAD.
Open, prospective study of the clinical efficacy of ciprofloxacin (1985)

One hundred patients with infections mostly outside of the urinary tract were studied in a prospective, open manner to ascertain the effectiveness and safety of ciprofloxacin in a variety of clinical situations. There were 41 instances of bacteremia, including 38 with Salmonella typhi, and 21 respiratory, 17 skin and skin structure, 11 bone or joint, 6 gastrointestinal, and 4 urinary tract infections. The patients were given 500 mg of ciprofloxacin orally every 12 h for 2 to 107 days (mean, 15.1 days). Microorganisms isolated disclosed susceptibilities comparable to those reported previously, with a MIC for 90% of the strains of 0.25 microgram/ml. For Streptococcus pneumoniae the MIC for 90% of the strains was 0.03 microgram/ml, and it was higher for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.5 microgram/ml), although still in the therapeutic range. Levels in blood were lower than those reported in other series, and no accumulation of the drug during treatment was detected. In 88 instances there was resolution of the infectious process, in 7 there was improvement, in 3 there was a failure to respond, and in 2 the clinical response was indeterminate. Bacteriological eradication was documented in 87 infections. Despite extensive clinical and laboratory examinations before, during, and after therapy, no major abnormalities related to therapy were seen; only one patient required discontinuation of ciprofloxacin due to gastrointestinal intolerance. Ciprofloxacin is an effective and safe therapeutic alternative in many tissue infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.
Standardized Communication in the Control System of the Experiment WENDELSTEIN 7-X (2007)

The superconducting stellarator experiment W7-X has a control system which has been designed for steady state operation as well as for pulsed operation. Each technical component and each "diagnostic" system including its data acquisition will have its own control system permitting autonomous operation for commissioning and testing. During the experimental sessions the activity of these components will be coordinated by a Central Control System and the machine runs more or less automatically with predefined programs. A local control component has a number of internal and external communication interfaces which are necessary for data exchange with the operational management system, the segment control system and with the safety system. These interfaces are used to send and receive messages of different types (commands, status information, raw data, and analyzed data). The paper presents a description of the structure of a local control component and a discussion of its communication interfaces.
IFN-gamma-induced recognition of the antigen-processing variant CMT.64 by cytolytic T cells can be replaced by sequential addition of <i>beta</i> 2 microglobulin and antigenic peptides. (1993)

The present study describes the functional nature of the MHC class I determinants expressed in CMT.64 cells and was undertaken to define and further analyze the deficiency in the cell line CMT.64 in the hope of elucidating the relative functional importance of constituent parameters in the recognition of these cells by CTL. We show that induction of Kb in CMT.64 cells with IFN-gamma results in molecules capable of presenting VSV epitopes to the appropriate CTL. However, cells untreated with IFN-gamma and infected with VSV are not recognized by VSV-specific CTL. This study reveals that beta 2 m3 is synthesized in limiting amounts in uninduced CMT.64 and becomes highly expressed after IFN-gamma induction. Thus, the limiting amount of beta 2 m expressed in uninduced cells may partially explain the inability of the cells to present viral components of CTL recognition. This concept is reinforced by the experiments identifying two functional effects upon the addition of immunogenic peptides to uninduced CMT.64 cells: at high peptide concentrations in excess of 5 nM, CMT.64 cells are recognized efficiently after 5 min of incubation; at the limiting peptide concentration of 500 pM, uninduced CMT.64 cells are only recognized providing beta 2m is added before or simultaneously with the antigenic peptide. BFA, an inhibitor of protein transport, and emetine, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, were used to show that at high peptide concentrations, 25 microM, recognition takes place after the peptide has stabilized the limited amount of newly arriving MHC/beta 2m complexes, devoid of peptides, at the cell surface of uninduced CMT.64 cells. These experiments thereby exclude the possibility that peptides are taken up into CMT.64 cells for assembly, transport and surface expression of functional MHC/beta 2m/peptide complexes. In summary, our data expands previous research showing the importance of exogenous beta 2m in sensitizing cells for CTL recognition with peptides added exogenously. These functional experiments also imply that the concentration of endogenous beta 2m may regulate the amount of MHC class I expressed at the cell surface and receptive to exogenous peptides. Finally, the phenotype of CMT.64 cells we describe provides evidence of the complexity of the Ag-presenting capacity of this cell line not previously identified in other studies on these cells, thus revising our understanding of the Ag-processing deficiency in these cells.
FVF-Based Low-Dropout Voltage Regulator with Fast Charging/Discharging Paths for Fast Line and Load Regulation (2017)

&lt;p&gt;This article proposes an LDO regulator structure based on the CASFVF cell. The structure, designed with standard 65nm CMOS technology, uses a gain-boosting technique, adaptive biasing, and includes fast settling paths to increase the regulation loop gain and quickly charge/discharge the parasitic capacitance of the pass transistor gate. This leads to a fast transient response with low quiescent power consumption. An analysis of the small signal behavior of the proposed structure demonstrates its adequate stability in all cases making use of nested-miller compensation. The experimental results show small voltage spikes and a short settling time for large transient line and load variations, even when the rise and fall times decrease to 1 &mu;s.&lt;/p&gt;