gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuchal Translucency Thickness in Monochorionic Multiple Pregnancies (2008)

In monochorionic multiple pregnancies, an increased NT thickness measurement had a high specificity and positive predictive value for adverse perinatal outcomes. However, the sensitivity and negative predictive value were low, with a normal NT thickness measurement poorly predicting development of complications; therefore, close sonographic follow-up should be carried out in all cases, irrespective of NT thickness.
Macroautophagy Is Not Directly Involved in the Metabolism of Amyloid Precursor Protein (2010)

Alterations in the metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP) are believed to play a central role in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis. Burgeoning data indicate that APP is proteolytically processed in endosomal-autophagic-lysosomal compartments. In this study, we used both in vivo and in vitro paradigms to determine whether alterations in macroautophagy affect APP metabolism. Three mouse models of glycosphingolipid storage diseases, namely Niemann-Pick type C1, GM1 gangliosidosis, and Sandhoff disease, had mTOR-independent increases in the autophagic vacuole (AV)-associated protein, LC3-II, indicative of impaired lysosomal flux. APP C-terminal fragments (APP-CTFs) were also increased in brains of the three mouse models; however, discrepancies between LC3-II and APP-CTFs were seen between primary (GM1 gangliosidosis and Sandhoff disease) and secondary (Niemann-Pick type C1) lysosomal storage models. APP-CTFs were proportionately higher than LC3-II in cerebellar regions of GM1 gangliosidosis and Sandhoff disease, although LC3-II increased before APP-CTFs in brains of NPC1 mice. Endogenous murine Aβ40 from RIPA-soluble extracts was increased in brains of all three mice. The in vivo relationship between AV and APP-CTF accumulation was also seen in cultured neurons treated with agents that impair primary (chloroquine and leupeptin + pepstatin) and secondary (U18666A and vinblastine) lysosomal flux. However, Aβ secretion was unaffected by agents that induced autophagy (rapamycin) or impaired AV clearance, and LC3-II-positive AVs predominantly co-localized with degradative LAMP-1-positive lysosomes. These data suggest that neuronal macroautophagy does not directly regulate APP metabolism but highlights the important anti-amyloidogenic role of lysosomal proteolysis in post-secretase APP-CTF catabolism.
NETEST: Estimating a Terrorist Network's Structure (2002)

Since the events of September 11, 2001, the United States has found itself engaged in an unconventional and asymmetric form of warfare against elusive terrorist organizations. Defense and investigative organizations require innovative solutions that will assist them in determining the membership and structure of these organizations. Data on covert organizations are often in the form of disparate and incomplete inferences of memberships and connections between members. NETEST is a tool that combines multiagent technology with hierarchical Bayesian inference models and biased net models to produce accurate posterior representations of a network. Bayesian inference models produce representations of a network’s structure and informant accuracy by combining prior network and accuracy data with informant perceptions of a network. Biased net theory examines and captures the biases that may exist in a specific network or set of networks. Using NETEST, an investigator has the power to estimate a network’s size, determine its membership and structure, determine areas of the network where data is missing, perform cost/benefit analysis of additional information, assess group level capabilities embedded in the network, and pose “what if” scenarios to destabilize a network and predict its evolution over time.
Nerve growth factor enhances survival and cytotoxic activity of human eosinophils (1996)

Phenotypic change of blood-type eosinophils to tissue-type eosinophils is induced by various cytokines. We examined the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) as a candidate for a constitutive cytokine which is able to induce the phenotypic change of eosinophils. The viability of human peripheral blood eosinophils cultured for 4 d was increased from a mean of 26% to a mean of 50% (P<0.001) by the addition of NGF (50 ng/ml). Cytotoxic activity of eosinophils determined by larvicidal activity was increased 2-3-fold by the addition of NGF (50 ng/ml) (P<0.05). Furthermore, eosinophil chemotactic activity of NGF was demonstrated by the blind well chamber method. Since NGF is produced constitutively from various kinds of cells in local tissues, it is suggested that NGF might be a cytokine responsible for phenotypic change to tissue type eosinophils in conditions without immune stimuli.
Agricultural Productivity and Economic Growth in England, 1700–1760 (1965)

The rise in productivity described by Dr. Jones, coupled with a static population, brought to an end the upward movement in the relative prices of farm products which had characterized the one hundred forty years preceding the Restoration. With the passing of the lean years, there followed almost a century of comparative plenty, bringing an increasing flow of food and raw materials.
Renaissance Books (1959)

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Core-line asymmetries in the x-ray-photoemission spectra of metals (1975)

Core-line asymmetries have been observed in the x-ray-photoemission spectra of a number of metals. They are ascribed to the interaction of the suddenly created potential of the photohole with the conduction electrons. A comparison of the experimental line shapes with those predicted by a theoretical calculation gives reasonable agreement. The procedure makes it possible to measure the term that quenches the x-ray absorption threshold singularity and shows that it can be substantial.
A novel textile antenna using composite multifilament conductive threads for smart clothing applications (2016)

ABSTRACT This letter proposes a wearable antenna fabricated by multifilament threads. The radiator is conductive threads filled with a copper wire, directly sewn onto a piece of cloth. Its advantages include better impedance matching, enhanced radiation efficiency, and additional value to smart clothing because the radiator is shaped into a logotype. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1232–1236, 2016
Sentence paraphrasing from a conceptual base (1975)

A model of natural language generation based on an underlying language-free representation of meaning is described. A program based on this model is able to produce sentence paraphrases which demonstrate understanding with respect to a given context. This generator operates in conjunction with a natural language analyzer and a combined memory and inference model. In generating sentences from meaning structures, the program employs both the information retrieval and deduction capabilities of the memory model. The model encompasses several diverse classes of linguistic knowledge, which include: (1) executable tests of conceptual properties stored in discrimination nets; (2) information relating conceptual to syntactic roles, stored in a word-sense dictionary, and (3) surface grammatical knowledge, stored in a formal grammar.
Chromatin texture measurement by Markovian analysis. Use of nuclear models to define and select texture features. (1993)

The use of nuclear grade as a prognostic indicator in breast cancer has been limited by its poor interobserver reproducibility. Automated cell classification using digital image analysis is one approach to this problem. Nuclear chromatin distribution, an important feature used in nuclear grading, can be quantitated with texture analysis. Markovian analysis is one method of analyzing texture features that is available in a commercially available image analysis system, the CAS-100. In order to select optimal Markovian features for use in nuclear grading of breast cancer, 16 nuclear models were created with computer graphics that demonstrated specific components of nuclear chromatin pattern, such as granularity, contrast, symmetry, peripheral chromatin clumping, and number and shape of nucleoli. These models were analyzed on the CAS-100 image analysis system using software capable of measuring 22 Markovian texture features at 20 levels of pixel resolution (grain). We were able to show that Markovian analysis performed well in discriminating between degrees of chromatin granularity (finely vs. coarsely clumped), amount of contrast (vesicular change), thickness of peripheral chromatin and number of nucleoli. Of the 22 Markovian features, 10 were selected as optimal for discriminating between the above chromatin patterns. Similar optimal Markovian features were found when measurements were performed on captured images of breast cancer cells. The use of these selected Markovian texture features may allow a more rational approach to the use of image analysis for cell classification.
Early Evaluation of Potential Environmental Impacts of Carbon Nanotube Synthesis by Chemical Vapor Deposition (2009)

The carbon nanotube (CNT) industry is expanding rapidly, yet little is known about the potential environmental impacts of CNT manufacture. Here, we evaluate the effluent composition of a representative multiwalled CNT synthesis by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in order to provide data needed to design strategies for mitigating any unacceptable emissions. During thermal pretreatment of the reactant gases (ethene and H(2)), we found over 45 side-products were formed, including methane, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This finding suggests several environmental concerns with the existing process, including potential discharges of the potent greenhouse gas, methane (up to 1.7%), and toxic compounds such as benzene and 1,3-butadiene (up to 36000 ppmv). Extrapolating these laboratory-scale data to future industrial CNT production, we estimate that (1) contributions of atmospheric methane will be negligible compared to other existing sources and (2) VOC and PAH emissions may become important on local scales but will be small when compared to national industrial sources. As a first step toward reducing such unwanted emissions, we used continuous in situ measures of CNT length during growth and sought to identify which thermally generated compounds correlated with CNT growth rate. The results suggested that, in future CNT production approaches, key reaction intermediates could be delivered to the catalyst without thermal treatment. This would eliminate the most energetically expensive component of CVD synthesis (heating reactant gases), while reducing the formation of unintended byproducts.
Intrarenal vasodilator systems: NO, prostaglandins and bradykinin. An integrative approach. (2008)

Intrarenal microcirculation is under hormonal, paracrine and neural control. Of particular interest is circulation in the renal medulla: its perfusion seems critical for long term control of arterial pressure. Exposure of the organism to adverse conditions often leads to activation of vasopressor factors, such as renin/angiotensin, renal sympathetic input or vasopressin; this helps maintain arterial pressure but endangers renal circulation. Fortunately, it is protected by intrarenal vasodilators: nitric oxide, prostaglandins, bradykinin and others. The potency of NO to oppose intrarenal vasoconstrictors may differ between individual factors: it is substantial in the case of renal sympathetic input whereas the constrictor influence of angiotensin II in the medulla seems to be offset mostly by intrarenal prostaglandins. Although these are commonly regarded as intrarenal vasodilators, our new data show that this is so only in the renal medulla. In the cortex they exert modest vasoconstriction, probably mediated by EP3 receptors. The role of bradykinin as intrarenal vasodilator is not yet known in sufficient detail, its effect is most pronounced in the inner medulla. The source of vasoactive kinins is uncertain, they could reach intrarenal microvasculature from the sites of synthesis in tubular cells but the synthesis in the vessels themselves cannot be excluded.
Tetrazole Analogs of Plant Auxins<sup>1</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetrazole Analogs of Plant Auxins1J. M. McMANUS and ROBERT M. HERBSTCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 10, 1464–1467Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01092a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01092a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views639Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antihyperglycemic Effects of 3-O-Methyl-D-Chiro-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol Associated with Manganese in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats (2000)

The acute effects after administration of 3-O-Methyl-D-Chiro-inositol, D-Chiro-inositol and manganese, components of the pH 2.0 putative mediator of insulin action, on plasma glucose were examined in low dose streptozotocin-treated rats. 3-O-Methyl-D-Chiro-inositol at a bolus dose of 5 mg/kg decreased plasma glucose 6% at 120 min (p < 0.05). A higher bolus dose of 3-O-Methyl-D-Chiro-inositol (15 mg/kg) promoted a more persistent hypoglycemic effect of 22% at 120 min (p < 0.05). Infusion of 8.3 microg/min of manganese chloride lowered plasma glucose by 23% (p < 0.05). 3-O-Methyl-D-Chiro-inositol (15 mg/kg) together with manganese chloride (8.3 microg/min) promoted a reduction of 49% in 120 min (p < 0.05). D-Chiro-inositol at a bolus dose of 5 mg/kg had no effect. A single dose of 15 mg/kg produced a reduction of 21% (p < 0.05) in 120 min. D-Chiro-inositol (15 mg/kg) associated with manganese chloride (8.3 microg/min) decreased elevated plasma glucose 47% (p < 0.05) in 120 min. D-Chiro-inositol coadministered with manganese reduced glucose concentrations during the final 60 min (p < 0.05). 3-O-Methyl-D-Chiro-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are components of the mediator structure. Manganese is also a presumed component of the mediator, having an important role in glucose uptake, insulin release and mediator generation. These compounds have also been identified in the literature as hypoglycemic agents.
Molecular aspects of host-pathogen interaction. Fifty-fifth symposium of the Society for General Microbiology, held at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, March 1997. (1997)

1. Overview C. Chothia 2. Picornavirus receptors, tropism and pathogenesis D. J. Evans 3. Cross-talk between Yersinia and eukaryotic cells G. R. Cornelis 4. Host-pathogen protein-protein interactions in Staphylococcus T. J. Foster, O. Hartford and D. O'Connell 5. Mechanisms of microbial adhesion: the paradigm of Neisseriae M. Virji 6. Virus-host interactions in the control of the gene expression of nuclear replicating DNA viruses R. D. Everett 7. Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus gene expression Tat J. Karn, N. J. Keen, M. J. Churcher, F Aboul-Ela, G. Varani and M. J. Gait 8. Chlamydia host and host cell interactions M. Ward 9. Control of the fimbrial expression by a random genetic switch in Escherichia coli C. J. Dorman, N. C. Nolan and S. G. J. Smith 10. Virus and the protein synthesis machinery of the cell: Offense, defense and dependence M. B. Matthews 11. Shigella-induced cytoskeletal reorganisation during host cell invasion G. Tran Van Nhieu, T. Adams, C. Dehio, R. Menard, A. Skoudy, J. Mounier, R. Hellio, P. Gounon and P. Sansonetti 12. Transport through plasmodesmata and nuclear pores: cell-to-cell movement of plant viruses and nuclear import of Agrobacterium T-DNA R. Lartey, S. Ghoshroy, J. Sheng and V. Citovsky 13. Viral cell recognition and entry M. Rossman 14. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella species: exploitation of host cells? B. Finlay 15. Host-viral protein-protein in influenza virus replication P. Palese, P. Wang, T. Wolff and R E O'Neill 16. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies and the formation of protease-resistant prion protein B. Caughey Index.
A Study of the Correlation of Lifestyle for Health promotion, Health status, and Degree of Life satisfaction based on Elderly's Constitution of the Korean (1999)

This study is a descriptive research to identify lifestyle for health promotion, health condition, and degree of life satisfaction based on Korean elderly's physical constitution. interviewee of this research was 53 outpatients of Oriental herbal medicine hospitals who are the residents either in Seoul or Taegu city. data collection was performed during the March to the November of 1999. research tools used for the measurement of the lifestyle for health promotion was The Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile developed by Walker, Sechrist and Pender. Measurement of the health condition was carried out using CMI(Cornell Medical Index) developed by Brodman, Erdmann, Lorge and Wolff. Index for degree of the life satisfaction of elderly developed by Yun Jin was utilized to measure the degree of life satisfaction. Data analysis was performed using SPSSWin 9.0 software. In some cases, frequency, percentile, t-test, ANOVA or Pearson Correlation was also used to meet the specific research purposes when necessary. Tukey test was done for the post test. conclusions are as follows. 1) ANOVA test showed a significant difference in the lifestyle for the health promotion depending on physical constitutions of the interviewee. According to the Tukey test, 태음인 () performed better lifestyle for the health promotion than SOEMIN(少陰人, ) and 소양인() (F=6.72, p=.003). 2) result of the Pearson Correlation showed a positive correlation between the lifestyle for health promotion and health condition. As a result, the group practicing lifestyle for health promotion maintained a good health condition. Result of the Pearson Correlation also showed a proportional correlation between the lifestyle for health promotion and life satisfaction. Accordingly, the group practicing lifestyle for health promotion maintained a high degree of life satisfaction. Finally, the result of the Pearson Correlation showed a proportional correlation between the health condition and the degree of life satisfaction. Consequently, the group in a good health condition showed the high degree of life satisfaction.
The DELTA photon counting camera concept (1998)

In this paper we present new ideas for a high sensitivity array detector, which yields the space and time coordinates of photo-events at sustained count rates superior to one million per second. The DELTA camera (Detector Enhancement by Linear-projections on Three Axes) has been initially designed for astronomy. However, it has advantages for a wide range of high-resolution problems in the visible and near I.R. It is noticeable for its optical design, its smooth flat field and its very high temporal resolution and throughput in photon counting mode. The resolution of the prototype described is pixels in space and 2.6 μs in time. The principle of this detector is based on a projection – back-projection scheme (the Δ-process) and on the use of three one-dimensional CCDs. We describe the technical solutions which could lead to an operational prototype. From numerical simulations of the Δ-process, we give some expected characteristics of this camera.
Purification and characterization of initiation factor IF-E2 from rabbit reticulocytes. (1976)

Initiation factor IF-E2 was isolated from rabbit reticulocytes and purified 120-fold to near homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation, column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose, and, when suitable, by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The factor is a complex protein containing three nonidentical polypeptides of molecular weight 57,000, 52,000, and 36,000. It behaves as a complex throughout its purification and during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in nondenaturing buffer but its thress components are readily separated by electrophoresis in denaturing buffers. None of its components corresponds to any of the polypeptides of the other initiation factors or to any proteins of ribosomes washed in buffers containing a high salf concentration. A stoichiometric ratio of 1:1:1 was determined for the three polypeptides; based on the assumption of one copy each per complex, the calculated factor molecular weight is 145,000, a value in agreement with the measured value of 160,000. Initiation factor IF-E2 was radioactively labeled in vitro by reductive alkylation or by phosphorylation with a protein kinase also isolated from rabbit reticulocytes. Neither procedure causes a measurable change in the ability of the factor to form a ternary complex with GTP and the initiator methionyl-tRNA. 5'-Guanylyl-methylenediphosphonate may substitute for GTP, but only at relatively high concentrations. The binding of labeled initiation factor IF-E2 and methionyl-tRNA to the 40 S ribosomal subunit was studied by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Appreciable binding of the factor is seen only when all three components of the ternary complex are included in the reaction mixture. The binding of either the factor or methionyl-tRNA was not stimulated by the addition of globin messenger RNA and initiation factor IF-E3. It was shown that all three polypeptide components of initiation factor IF-E2 are bound to these nascent initiation complexes.
Design of low-voltage CMOS continuous-time filter with on-chip automatic tuning (2001)

A technique for designing a low-voltage continuous-time active filter is presented in this paper. In this technique, current sources are added to the inverting or noninverting op-amp terminals such that the op-amp input common-mode voltages can be set close to one of the supply rails to allow low-voltage operation. An automatic frequency and Q tuning technique is proposed for tuning the active filter using programmable capacitor arrays (PCAs). The proposed tuning technique does not require any peak detectors, which are difficult to implement at a low supply voltage. Instead, it uses a few analog comparators, a digital comparator, and a few binary counters to adjust the PCAs. To demonstrate the proposed techniques, a 1-V 1-MHz second-order filter fabricated in a conventional 1.2-/spl mu/m CMOS process is presented. For a 5-kHz input signal, the filter achieves a THD of -60.2 dB for a peak-to-peak output voltage of 600 mV. The frequency tuning range is between 585 kHz and 1.325 MHz. The measured power consumption for the filter alone consumes about 0.52 mW and for the entire system consumes about 1.6 mW for a supply voltage of /spl plusmn/0.5 V.