gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of predicted and measured lead stiffnesses of surface mounted packages (2002)

A comparison was made of predicted and measured values of lead stiffness for selected surface-mounted packages. Excellent agreement was found in all cases: 68- and 44-lead plastic leaded chip carriers (PLCCs) and cerquads (pressed ceramic quad flat pack); and 100-lead plastic quad flat packs (PQFPs). Predictions were based on the 3D elastic beam finite-element option of ANSYS, with lead geometries taken from design drawings and lead elastic properties from material specifications. Measured values were taken from straddle board test data. In these tests, the board is straddled on both sides by packages surface mounted by only their lateral or transverse leads so that lateral and transverse bending effects can be measured independently. The results point out the importance of low stiffness lead design in minimizing solder-joint deformation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Limitations of the hydrodynamical theory of cavitation induced sonoluminescence. (1992)

The extremely short duration (&lt;50 ps) of the flashes of light emitted by a sound field raises problems for the hydrodynamical description of sonoluminescence. Solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations with such a fast but short-lived adiabatic compression develop shock fronts. Even in the linear approximation a single 20-μ bubble that accelerates at this rate would radiate so much sound that its motion would dominate the Q of a 0.1-liter resonator. The extent to which such a quickly accelerating bubble can be considered to be in local equilibrium is discussed. Nevertheless, fluid mechanics provides valuable scaling laws that can be used to analytically determine the ambient radius, phase of collapse, and maximum and minimum radii of the trapped bubble’s oscillation. [Work supported by the USDOE: Office of Basic Science (theory) and Division of Advanced Energy Projects (experiment) and R. L. is an AT&T fellow.]
Modeling of reflections and air absorption in acoustical spaces a digital filter design approach (2002)

A method is presented for modeling sound propagation in rooms using a signal processing approach. Low order digital filters are designed to match to sound propagation transfer functions calculated from boundary material and air absorption data. The technique is applied to low frequency, finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation of room acoustics and to real-time image-source based virtual acoustics.
Identification of a Fourth Subunit of Mammalian DNA Polymerase δ (2000)

A 12-kDa and two 25-kDa polypeptides were isolated with highly purified calf thymus DNA polymerase delta by conventional chromatography. A 16-mer peptide sequence was obtained from the 12-kDa polypeptide which matched a new open reading frame from a human EST () encoding a hypothetical protein of unknown function. The protein was designated as p12. Human EST was identified as the putative human homologue of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cdm1 by a tBlastn search of the EST data base using S. pombe Cdm1. The open reading frame of human EST encoded a polypeptide of 107 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 12.4 kDa, consistent with the experimental findings. p12 is 25% identical to S pombe Cdm1. Both of the 25-kDa polypeptide sequences matched the hypothetical KIAA0039 protein sequence, recently identified as the third subunit of pol delta. Western blotting of immunoaffinity purified calf thymus pol delta revealed the presence of p125, p50, p68 (the KIAA0039 product), and p12. With the identification of p12 mammalian pol delta can now be shown to consist of four subunits. These studies pave the way for more detailed analysis of the possible functions of the mammalian subunits of pol delta.
The British Empire, International Government, and Human Rights (2013)

Abstract This essay examines recent publications in several historical fields to articulate the relationships between the British Empire, international government, and human rights from British conceptions of imperial world order in the late nineteenth century to the end of empire in the Cold War.
Arthritis and systemic disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a cow (1987)

Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi caused arthritis, myocarditis, glomerulonephritis, and pneumonitis in a cow. Spirochetes were detected by use of immunofluorescent staining in liver and lung specimens and were isolated from the liver. The carpal, stifle, and tarsal joints had marked synovial proliferation, and synovial fluid obtained from these joints had high antibody titers against B burgdorferi. The cow was from an area of Wisconsin that is not endemic for borreliosis.
NUMA-Caffe (2018)

Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs), a special subcategory of Deep Learning Neural Networks (DNNs), have become increasingly popular in industry and academia for their powerful capability in pattern classification, image processing, and speech recognition. Recently, they have been widely adopted in High Performance Computing (HPC) environments for solving complex problems related to modeling, runtime prediction, and big data analysis. Current state-of-the-art designs for DNNs on modern multi- and many-core CPU architectures, such as variants of Caffe, have reported promising performance in speedup and scalability, comparable with the GPU implementations. However, modern CPU architectures employ Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) technique to integrate multiple sockets, which incurs unique challenges for designing highly efficient CNN frameworks. Without a careful design, DNN frameworks can easily suffer from long memory latency due to a large number of memory accesses to remote NUMA domains, resulting in poor scalability. To address this challenge, we propose NUMA-aware multi-solver-based CNN design, named NUMA-Caffe , for accelerating deep learning neural networks on multi- and many-core CPU architectures. NUMA-Caffe is independent of DNN topology, does not impact network convergence rates, and provides superior scalability to the existing Caffe variants. Through a thorough empirical study on four contemporary NUMA-based multi- and many-core architectures, our experimental results demonstrate that NUMA-Caffe significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art Caffe designs in terms of both throughput and scalability.
FILMS. THE SPREADING OF LIQUIDS AND THE SPREADING COEFFICIENT (1922)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTFILMS. THE SPREADING OF LIQUIDS AND THE SPREADING COEFFICIENTWilliam D. Harkins and Aaron FeldmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1922, 44, 12, 2665–2685Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1922Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1922https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01433a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01433a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1848Altmetric-Citations274LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Total Synthesis of (−)-Exiguolide (2010)

The first total synthesis of the naturally occurring enantiomer of exiguolide ((-)-1) has been completed. This very convergent synthesis features the following as main steps: (i) a Trost's ruthenium-catalyzed ene-yne cross-coupling reaction (this complex transformation allows the challenging control of the C5-C28 double bond geometry along with the stereoselective construction of the tetrahydropyran ring A) and (ii) a very efficient one-pot, two-step stereoselective conjugated allylic alcohol substitution that allowed the control of the C15 stereogenic center.
Initial evaluation of the feasibility of single photon emission tomography with p-[123I]iodo-L-phenylalanine for routine brain tumour imaging (2002)

p-[123I]iodo-L-phenylalanine (IPA) is a recently described radiopharmaceutical which is highly accumulated in gliomas. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the feasibility of single photon emission tomography (SPET) with IPA to image brain tumours under routine clinical conditions. Using a dual- and a triple-headed SPET camera, whole-body kinetic and brain SPET, as well as plasma, urinary and dosimetric analysis were determined in four patients with gliomas after intravenous injection of IPA. Results obtained by IPA SPET were retrospectively compared with histopathology, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose. Tumour lesions were clearly demonstrated by IPA SPET at 30 min, 1h and 4.5h post-injection, even in patients with low grade gliomas. In patients with glioblastoma, excellent visualization of the tumour was possible even at 7h p.i., indicative of the high retention of the radiopharmaceutical in cerebral gliomas. Analysis of the radioactivity in plasma and urine attested to the high in vivo stability of IPA. Blood clearance was rapid (> 65% after 10 min) and IPA was excreted predominantly by the kidneys, the urinary radioactivity excretion ranging from 27% at 1h to 54% of injected doses at 5h p.i. The average effective dose for adults was estimated to be 0.0152mSv*MBq(-1), leading to an effective dose of 3.8mSv in a typical brain SPET investigation with 250 MBq IPA. This result strongly suggests that IPA is a potentially valuable brain tumour imaging agent for widespread clinical studies with SPET. Its high specific tumour uptake and retention even in low grade gliomas represent a major advantage compared to presently available SPET radiopharmaceuticals. Moreover, the radiation dose estimates indicate that clinical use of IPA will result in acceptable radiation dose levels in humans.
Mucosal Damage and Neutropenia Are Required for Candida albicans Dissemination (2008)

Candida albicans fungemia in cancer patients is thought to develop from initial gastrointestinal (GI) colonization with subsequent translocation into the bloodstream after administration of chemotherapy. It is unclear what components of the innate immune system are necessary for preventing C. albicans dissemination from the GI tract, but we have hypothesized that both neutropenia and GI mucosal damage are critical for allowing widespread invasive C. albicans disease. We investigated these parameters in a mouse model of C. albicans GI colonization that led to systemic spread after administration of immunosuppression and mucosal damage. After depleting resident GI intestinal flora with antibiotic treatment and achieving stable GI colonization levels of C. albicans, it was determined that systemic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide led to 100% mortality, whereas selective neutrophil depletion, macrophage depletion, lymphopenia or GI mucosal disruption alone resulted in no mortality. Selective neutrophil depletion combined with GI mucosal disruption led to disseminated fungal infection and 100% mortality ensued. GI translocation and dissemination by C. albicans was also dependent on the organism's ability to transform from the yeast to the hyphal form. This mouse model of GI colonization and fungemia is useful for studying factors of innate host immunity needed to prevent invasive C. albicans disease as well as identifying virulence factors that are necessary for fungal GI colonization and dissemination. The model may also prove valuable for evaluating therapies to control C. albicans infections.
Low-power CMOS integrated circuits for radio frequency applications (2005)

This paper presents results for a mixer, two voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) and a frequency doubler (FD) suitable for low-power CMOS radio frequency (RF) systems. Results are first described for a mixer which uses the body terminal of the transistor as one of the inputs to down-convert a 1.9 GHz RF signal to a 250 MHz intermediate-frequency signal. Next, two VCOs are described. The first VCO is an ultra-low-power oscillator designed to operate in the 2.4 GHz industrial scientific medical band with a supply of 0.4 V. The second VCO described is a fully integrated LC-tank VCO with automatic amplitude control operating at 4 GHz. Frequency tuning for this VCO is performed by accessing the body of cross-coupled transistors of the VCO core. Finally, a wideband, low-power implementation of a frequency doubler is presented. The frequency doubler consists of two identical unbalanced source-coupled pairs with different W/L ratios, whose inputs are connected in parallel and its output taken single-ended. The FD is based on the MOS transistor in saturation. All circuits were designed in a deep n-well 0.18 μm technology, allowing application of different potentials to the body of different NMOS transistors.
Metabolism of ethylmalic acids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolism of ethylmalic acids by Pseudomonas aeruginosaRobert. Rabin, Ivan I. Salamon, Arnold S. Bleiweis, Jo. Carlin, and Samuel J. AjlCite this: Biochemistry 1968, 7, 1, 377–388Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00841a048https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00841a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Statistical Characterization of Hardware Biases in GPS+GLONASS Receivers (2000)

In this paper, we investigate some sources of biases 
affecting differential GPS+GLONASS positioning. The 
main attention is taken to GLONASS hardware biases 
which are often the most dangerous error source for 
precise GPS+GLONASS Real Time Kinematic (RTK) 
with On The Fly (OTF) Ambiguity Resolution (AR). 
Based on experimental data, code and carrier phase 
hardware biases for different GPS+GLONASS 
receivers are analyzed. We characterize the biases 
within one family of receivers as well as biases between 
receivers of different types. 
The effect of biases on RTK performance is 
investigated. The paper describes some decisions 
mitigating the negative effect of biases. We demonstrate 
how these solutions being incorporated into 
GPS+GLONASS RTK system improve float and fixed 
ambiguity performance.
Spherical Harmonic Analysis of Wavefields Using Multiple Circular Sensor Arrays (2009)

Spherical harmonic decomposition of wavefields is not only an active problem in acoustic signal processing but also a useful tool in a plethora of applications such as 3-D beamforming, direction of arrival estimation, and spatial sound recording. This paper presents a novel array structure consisting of a set of parallel circular arrays of sensors to decompose a wavefield into spherical harmonic components. The new structure presented here provides an alternative design to the traditional spherical microphone arrays with increased flexibility on sensor locations. We use the underlying structure of the wave propagation together with the properties of the associated Legendre functions and the spherical Bessel functions to develop a systematic approach to place circular arrays and construct a hybrid array. As an illustration, we design a fifth-order spherical harmonic decomposition array using 57 microphones to operate over a frequency band of an octave and compare it with a spherical array. We use computer simulations to show the performance of the array in a beamforming example.
Measuring health status: a new tool for clinicians and epidemiologists. (1985)

The development and validation of a short and simple measure of perceived health problems is described. Extensive testing with selected groups, including the elderly, the chronically ill, pregnant women, fracture victims, and a random sample of the community has established the face, content and criterion validity, and the reliability of the instrument. The Nottingham Health Profile is intended as a standardized tool for the survey of health problems in a population, but is equally valid and useful as a means of evaluating the outcome of medical and/or social interventions and as an adjunct to the clinical interview.
Programmable interconnect: the missing link to computer design (2002)

The author presents programmable interconnect, a bridge between simulation and prototyping. Programmable interconnect simplifies computer design using an integrated system of field programmable interconnect components, field programmable circuit boards, support hardware, and software tools. This methodology is completely synergistic with and just as flexible as simulation, yet it is just as tangible as and with the full form and function of a conventional prototype.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Neuroendocrinology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: New Directions (2003)

Studies of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in persons with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have produced variable findings. This review focuses on the factors likely to have affected the outcome of these studies, including population characteristics and experimental design. Also discussed is a possible role for the adrenal neurosteroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) as a mediator of HPA axis adaptation to extreme stress and the psychiatric symptoms associated with PTSD. The antiglucocorticoid properties of DHEA may contribute to an upregulation of HPA axis responses as well as mitigate possible deleterious effects of high cortisol levels on the brain in some PTSD subpopulations. The neuromodulatory effects of DHEA and its metabolite DHEAS at gamma-aminobutyric acid and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the brain may contribute to psychiatric symptoms associated with PTSD. The possible importance of other neurohormone systems in modulating HPA axis and symptom responses to traumatic stress is also discussed. Understanding the complex interactions of these stress-responsive neurosteroid and peptide systems may help explain the variability in patterns of HPA axis adaptation, brain changes, and psychiatric symptoms observed in PTSD and lead to better targeting of preventive and therapeutic interventions.
The Mo3S44+ aquo ion (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Mo3S44+ aquo ionF. Albert Cotton, Zvi Dori, Rosa Llusar, and Willi SchwotzerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 23, 6734–6735Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00309a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00309a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Efficient processing of group-oriented connection queries in a large graph (2009)

We study query processing in large graphs that are fundamental data model underpinning various social networks and Web structures. Given a set of query nodes, we aim to find the groups which the query nodes belong to, as well as the best connection among the groups. Such a query is useful to many applications but the query processing is extremely costly. We define a new notion of Correlation Group (CG), which is a set of nodes that are strongly correlated in a large graph G. We then extract the subgraph from G that gives the best connection for the nodes in a CG. To facilitate query processing, we develop an efficient index built upon the CGs. Our experiments show that the CGs are meaningful as groups and importantly, the meaningfulness of the query results are justifiable. We also demonstrate the high efficiency of CG computation, index construction and query processing.
The design of a high-frequency multiphase voltage regulator with adaptive voltage positioning and all ceramic capacitors (2005)

The paper presents a high-frequency multiphase synchronous buck converter design for next generation microprocessors. Only ceramic capacitors are used in the output stage to reduce space and improve reliability. A simplified analysis of the multiphase converter with adaptive voltage positioning is given and used in the voltage loop compensation. Fast transient response is achieved, and the analysis and design are confirmed by test results and simulation.
Consistent route update in software-defined networks (2014)

This paper addresses the flow table update consistency issue that exists in the Software Defined Networking (SDN) enabled networks. We propose a simple flow table update mechanism that provides consistency with zero packet loss guarantee. Our proposed flow table update mechanism does not require any packet modification by leveraging the usage of existing SDN technology. In our proposal, the switch update sequence is the key factor. Switches affected by the update procedure are classified into different categories according to their forwarding behavior. A specific update sequence is defined according to the dependency among different switches categories. The performance of our proposal has been examined by an algorithm level simulation and an OpenFlow-based system level testbed.