gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CPU Architecture Based on a Hardware Scheduler and Independent Pipeline Registers (2014)

Task switching, synchronization, and communication between processes are major problems for each real-time operating system. Software implementation of the specific mechanisms may lead to significant delays that can affect deadline requirements for some applications. This paper presents a hardware scheduler architecture integrated into the CPU structure that uses resource remapping techniques for the pipeline registers and for the CPU working registers. We present an original implementation of the hardware structure used for static and dynamic scheduling of the task, unitary management of events, access to architecture shared resources, event generation, and a method used for assigning interrupts to tasks that insures an efficient operation in the context of real-time control. One assembler instruction is used for simultaneous task synchronization with multiple event sources. This architecture allows a task switching time of one clock cycle (with a worst case scenario of three clock cycles for special instructions used for external memory accesses) and a response time of only 1.5 clock cycles for the events. Some mechanisms for improving program execution speed are also taken in consideration.
Honey: A Potential Therapeutic Agent for Managing Diabetic Wounds (2014)

Diabetic wounds are unlike typical wounds in that they are slower to heal, making treatment with conventional topical medications an uphill process. Among several different alternative therapies, honey is an effective choice because it provides comparatively rapid wound healing. Although honey has been used as an alternative medicine for wound healing since ancient times, the application of honey to diabetic wounds has only recently been revived. Because honey has some unique natural features as a wound healer, it works even more effectively on diabetic wounds than on normal wounds. In addition, honey is known as an "all in one" remedy for diabetic wound healing because it can combat many microorganisms that are involved in the wound process and because it possesses antioxidant activity and controls inflammation. In this review, the potential role of honey's antibacterial activity on diabetic wound-related microorganisms and honey's clinical effectiveness in treating diabetic wounds based on the most recent studies is described. Additionally, ways in which honey can be used as a safer, faster, and effective healing agent for diabetic wounds in comparison with other synthetic medications in terms of microbial resistance and treatment costs are also described to support its traditional claims.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRIMIDINE 26. MITT. NEUE SYNTH. VON 5‐NITRO‐4‐GLYKOSYLAMINO‐PYRIMIDINEN (1971)

Abstract Die Schmelzkondensation verschiedener Amino‐heterocyclen mit acylierten Zuckerderivaten unter saurer Katalyse ( ;z.B. p‐Toluolsulfonsäure, Zn‐chlorid, Sn(IV)‐chlorid) wird beschrieben.
Boron−Oxygen Bond Formation by Palladium-Catalyzed Etheration of 2-Iodo-<i>para</i>-carborane (2009)

For the first time, the palladium-catalyzed etheration of 2-iodo-p-carborane with phenolates and alkoxides has been demonstrated. The reactions of 2-iodo-1,12-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane (2-iodo-p-carborane) with sodium salts of phenol, p-cresol, α- and β-naphthol, 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol, and 3,4-dimethylphenol using the Pd(dba)2/BINAP (dba = dibenzylideneacetone; BINAP = rac-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl) system in dioxane at 90 °C afforded the corresponding 2-p-carboranyl aryl ethers in good to high yields. 2-Methoxy-p-carborane and 2-ethoxy-p-carborane have also been obtained in good yield. The structures of 2-(4-methylphenoxy)-p-carborane and 2-methoxy-p-carborane have been established by X-ray diffraction studies.
Emulsifiers: Processing and quality control (1968)

Abstract I. Characterization and Processing Emulsifiers are surface‐active agents (surfactants) which are added to an emulsion to increase its stability by interfacial action. They are divided into two broad categories, ionic or nonionic, according to the character of their colloidal solutions in water. As an eclectic guide to emulsifiers considered pertinent to the AOCS, greatest emphasis is placed on the description and processing of the nonionic type and only representative examples of the three classes of ionic surfactants, i.e., anionic, cationic, and amphoteric will be considered. Nonionic types discussed in more detail include: polyol‐fatty acid esters of glycol, glycerol, polyglycerol, tetritol and pentitol, hexitol, anhydro hexitols, and sugar, as well as the polyethanoxy and polylpropanoxy esters and ethers. II. Controls Common analytical procedures, i.e. acid number, saponification number, hydroxyl number, etc. and their significance are described. A combined statistical‐chemical control program plays an important role in assuring batch to batch emulsifier uniformity. Consistent emulsifier performance is obtained by mating raw material acceptance plans, in‐process control, and final product qualification. All of these elements are required for an effective program. Statistical Q.C. techniques maximize control benefits of chemical analysis. Newer analytical methods such as automated GLC increase the sensitivity of control decisions.
Introduction (1989)

Journal Article Introduction Get access R. Krémer, R. Krémer Namur Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Simon R. Simon Kiel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar European Heart Journal, Volume 10, Issue suppl_G, December 1989, Page 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/10.suppl_G.1 Published: 01 December 1989
Viewing points of multi sub-images on display in distributed multimedia databases (2002)

Several video data contents retrieved from the distributed video databases are preferred to effectively be displayed as intended by the user. A screen composed of several sub-images is recommended to satisfy this requirement. An experiment was carried out to see how many video data contents could visually be recognized among sub-images at a time on a picture frame of the display, including their synopses. While subjects were viewing sub-images on the display, the distribution of the viewing points was measured. After the viewing tests, questionnaires of whether the subjects could correctly understand the contents of each sub-image were collected. Accordingly to the questionnaires, a picture frame consisting of four sub-images was found to be optimum.
Biocidal Properties of Anti-Icing Additives for Aircraft Fuels (1978)

The biocidal and biostatic activities of seven glycol monoalkyl ether compounds were evaluated as part of an effort to find an improved anti-icing additive for jet aircraft fuel. Typical fuel contaminants, Cladosporium resinae, Gliomastix sp., Candida sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a mixed culture containing sulfate-reducing bacteria were used as assay organisms. Studies were carried out over 3 to 4 months in two-phase systems containing jet fuel and aqueous media. Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and 2-methoxyethanol were generally biocidal in aqueous concentrations of 10 to 17% for all organisms except Gliomastix, which required 25% or more. 2-Ethoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, and 2-butoxyethanol were biocidal at progressively lower concentrations down to 1 to 2% for 2-butoxyethanol. The enhanced antimicrobial activity of these three compounds was attributed to cytoplasmic membrane damage because of the correlation between surface tension measurements and lytic activity with P. aeruginosa cells. The mechanism of action of the less active compounds appeared to be due to osmotic (dehydrating) effects. When all requirements are taken into account, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether appears to be the most promising replacement for the currently used additive, 2-methoxyethanol.
Matrices with banded inverses: inversion algorithms and factorization of Gauss-Markov processes (2000)

The paper considers the inversion of full matrices whose inverses are L-banded. We derive a nested inversion algorithm for such matrices. Applied to a tridiagonal matrix, the algorithm provides its explicit inverse as an element-wise product (Hadamard product) of three matrices. When related to Gauss-Markov random processes (GMrp), this result provides a closed-form factored expression for the covariance matrix of a first-order GMrp. This factored form leads to the interpretation of a first-order GMrp as the product of three independent processes: a forward independent-increments process, a backward independent-increments process, and a variance-stationary process. We explore the nonuniqueness of the factorization and design it so that the forward and backward factor processes have minimum energy. We then consider the issue of approximating general nonstationary Gaussian processes by Gauss-Markov processes under two optimality criteria: the Kullback-Leibler distance and maximum entropy. The problem reduces to approximating general covariances by covariance matrices whose inverses are banded. Our inversion result is an efficient algorithmic solution to this problem. We evaluate the information loss between the original process and its Gauss-Markov approximation.
The Impact of Biotic Factors on Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) in Invasion Areas of Southeastern Australia (1995)

Graeme L. Baker, Raymond Pigott, The Impact of Biotic Factors on Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) in Invasion Areas of Southeastern Australia, Journal of Orthoptera Research, No. 4 (Aug., 1995), pp. 49-55
Enalapril and captopril enhance glutathione-dependent antioxidant defenses in mouse tissues (2000)

The effect of enalapril and captopril on total glutathione content (GSSG + GSH) and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx) and glutathione reductase (GSSG-Rd) activities was investigated in mouse tissues. CF-1 mice (4-mo-old females) received water containing enalapril (20 mg/l) or captopril (50 mg/l) for 11 wk. Enalapril increased GSSG + GSH content (P < 0.05) in erythrocytes (147%), brain (112%), and lung (67%), and captopril increased GSSG + GSH content in erythrocytes (190%) and brain (132%). Enalapril enhanced Se-GPx activity in kidney cortex (42%) and kidney medulla (23%) and captopril in kidney cortex (30%). GSSG-Rd activity was enhanced by enalapril in erythrocytes (21%), brain (21%), liver (18%), and kidney cortex (53%) and by captopril in erythrocytes (25%), brain (19%), and liver (34%). In vitro erythrocyte oxidant stress was evaluated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) production (control 365 +/- 11, enalapril 221 +/- 26, captopril 206 +/- 17 nmol TBARS x g Hb(-1) x h(-1); both P < 0.05 vs. control) and phenylhydrazine-induced methemoglobin (MetHb) formation (control 66.5 +/- 3.5, enalapril 52.9 +/- 0.4, captopril: 56.4 +/- 2.9 micromol MetHb/g Hb; both P < 0.05 vs. control). Both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatments were associated with increased nitric oxide production, as assessed by plasma NO-(3) + NO-(2) level determination (control 9.22 +/- 0.64, enalapril 13.7 +/- 1.9, captopril 17.3 +/- 3.0 micromol NO-(3) + NO-(2)/l plasma; both P < 0.05 vs. control). These findings support our previous reports on the enalapril- and captopril-induced enhancement of endogenous antioxidant defenses and include new data on glutathione-dependent defenses, thus furthering current knowledge on the association of ACE inhibition and antioxidants.
Évolution d'un espace transfrontalier: le territoire horloger franco-suisse de l'arc jurassien (2003)

L'organisation spatiale d'un territoire doit beaucoup à l'histoire, aux multiples acteurs dont les destins se sont croisés en ses lieux, et qui, par leurs décisions, ont orienté de manière radicale son évolution. Dans le cadre d'un territoire transfrontalier, la situation se révèle encore plus complexe à aborder, puisque les différentiels engendrés par la limite étatique ont pesé et pèsent encore sur son devenir. Il en reste aujourd'hui une structuration, mais aussi et surtout clés dynamiques empreintes des choix et des bifurcations antérieures. Nous nous posons donc la question de la représentation des faits et de l'organisation territoriale qui en découle. En établissant un modèle conceptuel nous allons remonter l'histoire de ce territoire, et reconstituer la systémogenèse du système spatial actuel représente par des modèles d'interaction spatiale à l'aide de chorèmes.
Angiogenesis and metastasis marker of human tumors. (2001)

Tumor growth and metastasis are dependent on angiogenesis. Therefore, certain angiogenesis markers may be useful as metastasis markers and/or the targets for antiangiogenic therapy. We and others have been studying endoglin(EDG; CD105) for such purposes. EDG is a proliferation-associated antigen of endothelial cells and essential for angiogenesis. In addition, EDG is a component of the transforming growth factor(TGF)-beta receptor complex. Expression of EDG is up-regulated in tumor-associated angiogenic vasculature compared with normal tissue vasculature. Microvessel density detected for EDG expression in breast cancer tissues showed a statistically significant correlation with overall and disease-free survival. In addition, elevated serum EDG was associated with metastasis in patients with colorectal, breast, and other solid tumors. On the other hand, We have been targeting EDG on tumor vasculature to suppress tumor growth and metastasis by systemic(i.v.) administration of anti-EDG monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) and immunoconjugates(IMCs). To thid end, we have been using three animal models, i.e., severe combined immunodeficient(SCID) mouse model of MCF-7 human breast cancer, human skin/SCID mouse chimera model bearing MCF-7 tumor, and syngeneic metastasis model of colon-26 adenocarcinoma cells in BALB/c mice. In addition, antiangiogenic activities of anti-EDG mAbs and IMCs were evaluated in mice using the dorsal air sac assay. The IMCs were prepared by coupling deglycosylated ricin A-chain or 125I to individual anti-EDG mAbs. These anti-EDG IMCs and mAbs showed substantial antitumor efficacy and antimetastatic activities without showing severe toxicity. Recently, we generated a recombinant human/mouse chimeric anti-EDG mAb to facilitate clinical application of the mAb.
Target charging in short-pulse-laser–plasma experiments (2014)

Interaction of high-intensity laser pulses with solid targets results in generation of large quantities of energetic electrons that are the origin of various effects such as intense x-ray emission, ion acceleration, and so on. Some of these electrons are escaping the target, leaving behind a significant positive electric charge and creating a strong electromagnetic pulse long after the end of the laser pulse. We propose here a detailed model of the target electric polarization induced by a short and intense laser pulse and an escaping electron bunch. A specially designed experiment provides direct measurements of the target polarization and the discharge current in the function of the laser energy, pulse duration, and target size. Large-scale numerical simulations describe the energetic electron generation and their emission from the target. The model, experiment, and numerical simulations demonstrate that the hot-electron ejection may continue long after the laser pulse ends, enhancing significantly the polarization charge.
User-Friendly and Versatile Software for Analysis of Protein Hydrophobicity (1998)

We have developed a simple and flexible program to analyze regional hydrophobicity of a protein from its amino acid (aa) sequence. This program runs as a Microsoft Excel document into which aa sequence can be copied from any Windows-compatible or Macintosh word processor. The program returns the hydrophobicity index of each aa residue and other analyses that can be used to predict transmembrane domains, amphiphilic alpha helices and putative antigenic epitopes in a protein using established algorithms. The program can also be easily modified to test user-defined algorithms and to accommodate non-conventional aa residues or ambiguities in the aa sequence. Simple modification of the program allows direct use of nucleic acid sequence information for various analyses. Graphic visualization of the results is readily achieved using the graphics function of Microsoft Excel. Alternatively, the data can be imported into other graphics software for preparation of publication-quality figures. By running as a document in Microsoft Excel, which can be found in virtually all personal computers, this program provides easy access even to the computer novice.
[Cloning of VH and VL Gene of Human anti-IL1RAP McAb and Construction of Recombinant Chimeric Receptor]. (2015)

Human anti-IL1RAP recombinant receptors are constructed successfully and lay a good foundation for the construction of IL1RAP-CAR killer T cell vaccine.
Threshold bounds in SVD and a new iterative algorithm for order selection in AR models (1991)

The problem of order determination of AR (autoregressive) models using singular value decomposition (SVD) is reexamined from a statistical point of view. Thresholds for distinguishing between significant and nonsignificant singular values are derived, and a novel iterative algorithm for order selection in AR models is presented. Simulation results show the technique to be very effective when a small number of samples is available.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Geometrical accuracy of the Novalis stereotactic radiosurgery system for trigeminal neuralgia. (2004)

The highest spatial errors were caused by image fusion and gantry rotation. A comprehensive quality-assurance program was developed for the authors' stereotactic radiosurgery program that includes medical imaging, linear accelerator mechanical isocentricity, and treatment delivery. For a successful treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with a 4-mm cone, the overall RMS value of equal to or less than 1 mm must be guaranteed.
Trichloroethylene metabolism by microorganisms that degrade aromatic compounds (1988)

Trichloroethylene (TCE) was metabolized by the natural microflora of three different environmental water samples when stimulated by the addition of either toluene or phenol. Two different strains of Pseudomonas putida that degrade toluene by a pathway containing a toluene dioxygenase also metabolized TCE. A mutant of one of these strains lacking an active toluene dioxygenase could not degrade TCE, but spontaneous revertants for toluene degradation also regained TCE-degradative ability. The results implicate toluene dioxygenase in TCE metabolism.
Effect of Concentration and Temperature on Surface Tension of Sodium Hyaluronate Saline Solutions (2007)

The effect of concentration and temperature on the surface tension of sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) saline solutions was investigated using the technique of the shape of pendant drops. The decay rate of the surface tension with the increase of NaHA concentration was well-described by the empirical Hua-Rosen equation. Adsorption at the air-liquid interface was estimated using the Gibbs equation. The temperature dependence of a dilute solution and a semidilute entangled solution was numerically fitted with a second-order polynomial equation. The surface behavior of the NaHA saline solutions was interpreted in terms of their known viscoelastic properties.
Multiple paths extraction in images using a constrained expanded trellis (2005)

Single shortest path extraction algorithms have been used in a number of areas such as network flow and image analysis. In image analysis, shortest path techniques can be used for object boundary detection, crack detection, or stereo disparity estimation. Sometimes one needs to find multiple paths as opposed to a single path in a network or an image where the paths must satisfy certain constraints. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to extract multiple paths simultaneously within an image using a constrained expanded trellis (CET) for feature extraction and object segmentation. We also give a number of application examples for our multiple paths extraction algorithm.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (1975)

Summary Review of the coagulation laboratory records and medical records at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center over a three year period (1971-1974) revealed 89 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The diagnosis of DIC was made if laboratory studies showed evidence of quantitative and qualitative changes in fibrinogen and significant thrombocytopenia. The patients included 19 with leukemia (17 acute), 3 with multiple myeloma, 15 with lymphoma, 46 with metastatic solid tumors, (10 lung, 9 breast, 8 gastrointestinal, 12 genitourinary, 7 miscellaneous) 4 with vascular tumors, and 3 without tumor. Other conditions which might have precipitated or initiated DIC such as gram-negative sepsis, liver impairment, or mucin secreting tumors were present in the majority of patients. Bleeding occurred in 75% of the patients and was fatal in 36%. Thromboembolism occurred in 22.5%. Thirteen percent were asymptomatic. Serum lactic dehydrogenase was elevated in over 75 % of the patients at the time of, or subsequent to the occurrence of DIC. Treatment with heparin was helpful in only three of twenty patients. Eighty percent of the patients died within one to over 30 days of the onset of DIC. Post mortem evidence of DIC was present in 18 of 43 autopsies. Results of this study indicate that DIC is a frequent complication of a wide variety of tumors and that its occurrence causes morbidity and mortality in a significant number of patients. Treatment with heparin is of little help unless remission is induced and the precipitating factor(s) are reversed.
Preparation and characterization of PLGA nanospheres loaded with inactivated influenza virus, CpG-ODN and Quillaja saponin. (2014)

The formulations showed proper physicochemical properties. These nanospheres have good potential to be used as delivery systems/adjuvants for immunization against influenza.
Four-Way Superscalar PA-RISC Processors (1997)

The HP PA 8000 and PA 8200 PA-RISC CPUs are the first implementations of a new generation of microprocessors from Hewlett-Packard. The PA 80001-3 is among the world’s most powerful and advanced microprocessors, and at the time of introduction in January 1996, the undisputed performance leader. The PA 8200,4 introduced in June 1997, continues this performance leadership with higher frequency, larger caches, and several other enhancements. Both processors feature an aggressive four-way superscalar implementation, combining speculative execution with on-the-fly instruction reordering. This paper discusses the objectives for the design of these processors, some of the key architectural features, implementation details, and system performance. The operation of the instruction reorder buffer (IRB),5 which provides out-of-order execution capability, will also be described.
Right-handed and left-handed helices of poly(dA-dC).(dG-dT) (1985)

The secondary structures of poly(dA-dC) X (dG-dT) were studied using CD and IR spectroscopies. We give spectroscopic evidence of secondary structure transitions of poly(dA-dC) X (dG-dT) from a B to a Z-like helix, induced by transition metal ions (Ni2+) in presence of high concentrations of Cs+ and Na+. In the presence of Na+, the B in equilibrium Z transition occurs at any temperature, whereas premelting conditions are required in presence of Cs+. For these two alkali ions the Z-like form is only induced by Ni2+ ions through their specific interactions at N7 of purines, under conditions of low water activity due to the high alkali salt concentration. We also show that the CD spectrum obtained in presence of Cs+ ions and characterized by a negative band at 275 nm, cannot be interpreted in terms of Z-like left-handed helix but reflects a modified B right-handed helix.