gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prednisone (Meticorten) and Prednisolone (Meticortelone) in Ophthalmology (1955)

The advent of the adrenal corticosteroids a few years ago marked a new era in ocular therapeutics. Before the values of cortisone had been finally assessed by researchers, this hormone was somewhat overshadowed by the introduction of its more potent relative, hydrocortisone. The brief passage of time has not allowed complete clarification of their roles in ophthalmology; however, certain facts have become well established. The value of adrenal steroids as potent therapeutic agents in ocular inflammation and allergic states is accepted. The indications, contraindications, dosages, routes of administration, and principal physiologic effects have been well outlined by many authors from clinical and experimental studies. The horizon of this new era of adrenal steroids has been extended by the recent synthesis of two more potent and less toxic corticosteroids, prednisone * (Meticorten) and prednisolone † (Meticortelone). It is the purpose of this preliminary report to introduce these new substances to the field
An Adaptive Echo Cancellation Method Based on a Blind Signal Separation (2010)

This paper presents a new adaptive echo cancellation (AEC) method base on a blind signal separation (BSS) to reduce the impact of the background noise and echo of the enclosure room on the speech communication signal. The correlation and negentropy of signals are used to distinguish the useful speech signal from several separated signals to solve the problem of the uncertainty of BSS. During single talk, this method separates the echo from noise using the echo mixture as a reference signal to AEC, by which the performance of AEC is improved. During double talk, the near-end speech signal can be accurately separated from the mixture signals by BSS. The experiment results show that our algorithm can raise the output SNR of the canceler by about 10 dB compaired to NLMS algorithm.
Synthetic generation of handwritten signatures based on spectral analysis (2009)

A new method to generate synthetic online signatures is presented. The algorithm uses a parametrical model to generate the synthetic Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of the trajectory signals, which are then refined in the time domain and completed with a synthetic pressure function. Multiple samples of each signature are created so that synthetic databases may be produced. Quantitative and qualitative results are reported, showing that, in addition to presenting a very realistic appearance, the synthetically generated signatures have very similar characteristics to those that enable the recognition of real signatures.
Calcium Channel Blocking Agents in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. Part II: Hemodynamic Effects and Clinical Applications (1980)

The calcium channel blocking agents have multiple hemodynamic effects that make them potentially valuable in treating many cardiovascular disorders. They are potent dilators of coronary and peripheral arteries and in isolated tissue preparations exert potent negative inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic effects. In intact animals the peripheral arterial vasodilatation induces reflex-mediated adrenergic activity, which opposes the direct negative inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic, and hypotensive effects. The individual calcium channel blockers have different relative potencies on various cardiovascular functions. The net hemodynamic and electrophysiologic effect of each agent, therefore, results from a complex interplay of direct and reflex phenomena. The clinical efficacy of these agents in classic angina pectoris relates to their ability to decrease afterload, myocardial contractility, and heart rate and increase coronary blood flow. The agents have been used to prevent coronary spasm in Prinzmetal's variant angina. The negative inotropic effects of verapamil are valuable in improving the symptoms and hemodynamic disturbances of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The role of these agents in treating arterial hypertension, unstable angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, and ischemia during cardiopulmonary bypass needs to be determined.
Eine einfache Methode zur routinemäßigen Bestimmung von Vitamin A und Vitamin E im Serum mit HPLC (1984)

Article Eine einfache Methode zur routinemäßigen Bestimmung von Vitamin A und Vitamin E im Serum mit HPLC was published on January 1, 1984 in the journal Journal of Laboratory Medicine (volume 8, issue 6).
Common bird-view Transformation for Robust Lane Detection (2019)

Deep learning based lane detection algorithms inevitably suffer performance drop brought by domain shift, which usually consists of difference image appearance, spatial layout, etc. To address this problem, we propose a Common Bird-view Transformation that eliminates the lane geometric differences between training and test datasets by projecting images in both domains into a common aerial viewpoint. Experiments show that by applying our methods, the performance on test datasets can be significantly improved.
The PDZ Protein Erbin Modulates β-Catenin-Dependent Transcription (2008)

Erbin is a member of the leucine-rich repeat and PDZ domain family that can regulate proliferation, differentiation and cell adhesion. As a binding partner of the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2, erbin targets this receptor to the basolateral membrane of polarized epithelial cells. In addition, erbin is known to inhibit the Ras-mediated activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Recently we identified the proto-oncoprotein beta-catenin as a ligand of the PDZ domain of erbin. Here we demonstrate that erbin acts as a negative regulator of the beta-catenin/T-cell-factor-dependent gene expression. In contrast, a mutant of erbin with a deletion of the N-terminal leucine-rich repeat allows the PDZ domain of erbin to increase the beta-catenin/T-cell-factor-dependent transcription. This mutant localizes to the nucleus and mimics a putative splice variant found in keratinocytes. Thus, erbin has the potential to act as an inhibitor as well as an activator of the beta-catenin-regulated gene expression.
COMPARISON OF INTEGRATION METHODS FOR MULTIPATH ACOUSTIC DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS (2006)

One of the main issues of the acoustic discharge measurement (ADM) is related to the accuracy of the method. The accuracy of the measurements depends on many factors such as the flow situation on site, the local geometry, care devoted to the transducer installation, the electronic devices and also the algorithms applied to evaluate discharge. The robustness of the ADM may also depend on water quality and the size of the measuring section. To estimate the overall accuracy of a measurement, individual sources of errors have to be analysed separately. Important sources of errors arise from flow field distortions which accordingly might demand a higher number of acoustic paths to achieve the desired measuring accuracy. Further sources lie in the installation, the out-of-roundness and deformation of pipes, in cross section and eventually free surface measurement, the employed integration method and also in the protrusion effect of the acoustic transducers within the flow. According to the appendix of the IEC 60041standard the volume flux Q in a conduit can be determined by integrating individual path readings applying a simplified Gauss-Jacobi integration method, where the individual path readings are weighted and added up. One of limitations of this method described in IEC 60041 is that deviations of the integrated discharge from a true discharge value are observed even when ideal velocity distributions are calculated with theoretical equations for turbulent velocity profiles. Since velocity profiles vary as a function of Reynolds number and wall roughness, these deviations are determined by these parameters. The deviations are inherent to the method proposed in IEC 60041 as an assumed uniform velocity profile is used for individual weight calculations. A further limitation of the method is the fixed weighting of the path velocities and thus the need for very accurate positioning of the acoustic transducers with respect to the prescribed distances di of the acoustic paths to the pipe centre. To overcome these limitations Voser [1999] proposes a modified integration method with slightly modified optimum sensor positions and weighting coefficients, thus reducing the integration error by 0.1 up to 0.2 percent. Furthermore, he includes in his method the actual, measured path positions for determination of the weighting coefficients and hereby eliminates the positioning error. He names this method OWICS (Optimal Weighted Integration for Circular Sections). This new method is based on the generalized Gauss-Jacobi method, abandoning the idea of a uniform velocity distribution. Coefficients are optimized on the assumption of turbulent velocity profiles, thus adapting the method better to the physical process. In this paper the background of the integration methods is explained in detail, and advantages of the OWICS integration method are pointed out and demonstrated for selected examples. Quantitative data showing integration uncertainty as a function of the number of paths for ideal and disturbed velocity distributions is provided.
Removal of internal multiples with the common-focus-point (CFP) approach: Part 2 — Application strategies and data examples (2005)

Abstract In the past, the surface-multiple-removal method based on the feedback model has been successfully applied to many different field data sets. The extension of surface to internal multiples can be made by replacing shot records with common-focus-point (CFP) gathers, a CFP gather representing focused data with one source in the subsurface and all receivers at the surface (or vice versa for a receiver gather). The internal-multiple-removal algorithm can be formulated in terms of boundary-related and layer-related versions. In the boundary-related version, the internal multiples are removed for one downward-scattering reflector at a time. In the layer-related version, the internal multiples are removed for a sequence of downward-scattering reflectors at a time. An exact velocity model is not required, but proper muting is critical; muting becomes straightforward in the CFP domain. The strategy for applying the two versions of the multiple-removal algorithm is demonstrated on physical-model and field data. One can conclude that the layer-related version is the most appropriate in most situations because it requires less user action and does not need exact knowledge of the multiple-generating boundary.
Fabricable tile decors (2017)

Recent advances in 3D printing have made it easier to manufacture customized objects by ordinary users in an affordable manner, and therefore spurred high demand for more accessible methods for designing and fabricating 3D objects of various shapes and functionalities. In this paper we present a novel approach to model and fabricate surface-like objects composed of connected tiles, which can be used as objects in daily life, such as ornaments, covers, shades or handbags.
The Impact of Exercise on Statin-Associated Skeletal Muscle Myopathy (2016)

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are the most effective pharmacological means of reducing cardiovascular disease risk. The most common side effect of statin use is skeletal muscle myopathy, which may be exacerbated by exercise. Hypercholesterolemia and training status are factors that are rarely considered in the progression of myopathy. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which acute and chronic exercise can influence statin-induced myopathy in hypercholesterolemic (ApoE-/-) mice. Mice either received daily injections of saline or simvastatin (20 mg/kg) while: 1) remaining sedentary (Sed), 2) engaging in daily exercise for two weeks (novel, Nov), or 3) engaging in daily exercise for two weeks after a brief period of training (accustomed, Acct) (2x3 design, n = 60). Cholesterol, activity, strength, and indices of myofiber damage and atrophy were assessed. Running wheel activity declined in both exercise groups receiving statins (statin x time interaction, p<0.05). Cholesterol, grip strength, and maximal isometric force were significantly lower in all groups following statin treatment (statin main effect, p<0.05). Mitochondrial content and myofiber size were increased and 4-HNE was decreased by exercise (statin x exercise interaction, p<0.05), and these beneficial effects were abrogated by statin treatment. Exercise (Acct and Nov) increased atrogin-1 mRNA in combination with statin treatment, yet enhanced fiber damage or atrophy was not observed. The results from this study suggest that exercise (Nov, Acct) does not exacerbate statin-induced myopathy in ApoE-/- mice, yet statin treatment reduces activity in a manner that prevents muscle from mounting a beneficial adaptive response to training.
Direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts into dopaminergic neuron-like cells (2011)

Transplantation of exogenous dopaminergic neuron (DA neurons) is a promising approach for treating Parkinson's disease (PD). However, a major stumbling block has been the lack of a reliable source of donor DA neurons. Here we show that a combination of five transcriptional factors Mash1, Ngn2, Sox2, Nurr1, and Pitx3 can directly and effectively reprogram human fibroblasts into DA neuron-like cells. The reprogrammed cells stained positive for various markers for DA neurons. They also showed characteristic DA uptake and production properties. Moreover, they exhibited DA neuron-specific electrophysiological profiles. Finally, they provided symptomatic relief in a rat PD model. Therefore, our directly reprogrammed DA neuron-like cells are a promising source of cell-replacement therapy for PD.
Tumor microenvironment controls the rate of cancer progression and metastasis (2010)

Tumors are unorganized organs that contain many different cell types that communicate with cancer cells (Kalluri NRC 2006). The central goal of our laboratory is to evaluate the role of these non-cancer cells in cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer progression significantly depends on the influence of many different host cells. Whether such host responses are recruited to control cancer progression or further aid in tumor growth (or both) is still unclear. This lecture will highlight the role of extra-cellular matrix, angiogenesis, and mesenchymal cells in cancer progression and metastasis, and discuss treatment strategies.
Ser-10 phosphorylation of histone H3 and immediate early gene expression in oncogene-transformed mouse fibroblasts. (2002)

Stimulation of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by growth factors, phorbol esters, and oncoproteins results in the phosphorylation of histone H3. Rsk-2 and MSK1 have been reported to be H3 kinases activated by the Ras-MAPK signal transduction pathway. In this study, we used inhibitors of Rsk-2 and MSK1 to decide which of these kinases was responsible for the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced phosphorylation of H3 in 10T(1/2) and Ciras-3 (H-ras-transformed 10T(1/2)) mouse fibroblasts. These studies demonstrated that MSK1, but not Rsk-2, was the H3 kinase activated in these cells. Furthermore, assays with Rsk-2 showed that this kinase phosphorylates H2B but not H3 in vitro. H89, a potent MSK1 inhibitor, prevented TPA induction of H3 phosphorylation and diminished the TPA-induced expression of the c-fos and urokinase plasminogen activator genes. We propose that persistent activation of the Ras-MAPK pathway and MSK1 resulting in the elevation of phosphorylated H3 levels may contribute to the aberrant gene expression observed in the oncogene-transformed cells.
Small‐Scale DNA Preparation for Rapid Genetic Identification of <i>Campylobacter</i> Species without Radioisotope (1988)

A simplified and rapid genetic identification method for Campylobacter species without radioisotope was established. Three different amounts of DNA (200, 50, and 12.5 ng) extracted from each type strain of Campylobacter species with standard Marmur's procedure were spotted on a nitrocellulose filter. DNA obtained from one ml bacterial suspension at a concentration of McFarland standard turbidity No. 1 of Campylobacter fetus, C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. pylori isolates were sufficiently labeled with photo-biotin within 15 min and clearly hybridized with the type strain of the corresponding species within four to six hours. Hybridized spots were visualized with alkaline-phosphatase-conjugated streptavidin color-detection method. The reaction was usually stopped within 30 min. Atypical clinical isolates such as a nitrate-negative C. jejuni, two nalidixic acid-resistant C. jejuni, and two strains of C. fetus able to grow at 42 C, which were tentatively identified as such, were definitely identified by the simplified DNA hybridization method presented here. This method will be applicable routinely for the definite identification of atypical strains of Campylobacter species and other gram-negative bacteria difficult to identify biochemically.
Design of a synchronous-rectified buck bootstrap MOSFET driver for voltage regulator module (2007)

A high voltage driver optimized for driving two N-channel power MOSFETs, which are the two switches in a non-isolated synchronous buck power converter, is presented. Adaptive overlap protection circuit is incorporated to prevent both upper and lower MOSFETs from conducting simultaneously. The high side driver can be bootstrapped and is designed to handle high voltage slew rate. Simulation results demonstrate that each of the drivers is capable of driving a 2000 pF load with a 50 ns propagation delay and a 15 ns transition time.
Evaluation of Natural Oxides on Aluminum in Neutral Borate Electrolyte (1992)

Air‐formed and anodized barrier‐type aluminum oxides were studied in neutral borate electrolyte as a preliminary investigation into the possibility of using this environment for nondestructive evaluation of aluminum/polymer laminates. Polarization scans on air‐formed oxides determined a potential range where the faradaic current was minimized and samples appeared unaffected after several days of exposure. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy determined that borate exposure, under the prescribed testing conditions, does not permanently change the oxide thickness, and that borate ions are not incorporated into the oxide film. Analysis of the electrochemical impedance spectra of air‐formed oxides and different thicknesses of anodized barrier‐type oxide films established that the impedance response for all thicknesses could be described by a single‐circuit model whose components correspond to a parallel‐plate dielectric‐filled capacitor.
Analysis of the Fecal Microflora of Human Subjects Consuming a Probiotic Product Containing <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> DR20 (2000)

The composition of the fecal microflora of 10 healthy subjects was monitored before (6-month control period), during (6-month test period), and after (3-month posttest period) the administration of a milk product containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus DR20 (daily dose, 1.6 x 10(9) lactobacilli). Monthly fecal samples were examined by a variety of methods, including bacteriological culture analysis, fluorescent in situ hybridization with group-specific DNA probes, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of the V2-V3 region of 16S rRNA genes amplified by PCR, gas-liquid chromatography, and bacterial enzyme activity analysis. The composition of the Lactobacillus population of each subject was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of bacterial DNA digests in order to differentiate between DR20 and other strains present in the samples. Representative isolates of lactobacilli were identified to the species level by sequencing the V2-V3 region of their 16S rRNA genes and comparing the sequences obtained (BLAST search) to sequences in the GenBank database. DR20 was detected in the feces of all of the subjects during the test period, but at different frequencies. The presence of DR20 among the numerically predominant strains was related to the presence or absence of a stable indigenous population of lactobacilli during the control period. Strain DR20 did not persist at levels of >10(2) cells per g in the feces of most of the subjects after consumption of the product ceased; the only exception was one subject in which this strain was detected for 2 months during the posttest period. We concluded that consumption of the DR20-containing milk product transiently altered the Lactobacillus and enterococcal contents of the feces of the majority of consumers without markedly affecting biochemical or other bacteriological factors.
Study of the Adsorption/Oxidation of Methanol over Vanadium Pentoxide (1995)

A study of the electric properties of sintered polycrystalline samples of V 2 O 5 under a CH 3 OH atmosphere and without added extra oxygen has been performed as a function of time. The gas composition was determined by mass spectrometry in the range 373–473 K. It has been concluded from the results that initial adsorption and further oxidation of CH 3 OH to different products occurs. A possible mechanism for reaction of the intermediates is suggested. The presence of (CH 3 O) 2 CH 2 (methylal), H 2 CO, CO, HCOOCH 3 , CO 2 , CH 3 OCH 2 OH (hemimethylal) and H 2 O has been detected by mass spectrometry, their relative amounts being dependent on both the temperature and time of contact.
Potential of a non-cationic liposomes-based delivery system for nucleic acid medicines (2016)

核酸医薬の本格的実用化には、生体内標的へ高効率で送達する安全なナノキャリアの開発が不可欠である。これまでは主にカチオン性キャリアが核酸医薬に使用されているが、電荷に由来する細胞毒性、生体内での動態と安定性に問題があった。一方で、非カチオン性キャリアは生体適合性が高く、生体内での動態や安定性も制御しやすく好ましいが、核酸分子の効率的な内封法の開発が必要であった。本稿では、各種の非カチオン性キャリアによる核酸医薬送達技術について紹介するとともに、最近筆者らが開発した簡便で高効率な非カチオン性リポソームへのsiRNA内封法とそれを用いたsiRNA送達技術を概説する。
Modeling Asphaltene Precipitation in Reservoir Simulation (2000)

Asphaltene precipitation is a serious problem during oil recovery processes. Many models have been developed to predict the precipitation. This paper summarizes these precipitation models and implements the model of Nghiem et al. in The University of Texas Compositional simulator to predict the effects of asphaltene precipitation on fluid flow through porous media. An algorithm is proposed to efficiently couple the precipitation calculation with the fluid-flow computation. A rock-fabric model is introduced to relate the asphaltene precipitation to the changes of permeability and relative permeability. Reservoir simulation results show that consideration of the asphaltene precipitation leads to a different prediction of oil recovery.
Recruitment and activation of tumor-specific immune T cells in situ. CD8+ cells predominate the secondary response in sponge matrices and exert both delayed-type hypersensitivity-like and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity. (1989)

This study analyzes the involvement of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in a secondary cellular immune response to the highly metastatic murine lymphoma ESb in situ. This tumor line expresses tumor-associated transplantation Ag which can induce protective immunity in vivo and specific CTL in vitro. In tumor-immune mice the injection of a tumor vaccine (x-irradiated ESb tumor cells) into s.c. implanted vascularized sponges resulted in the generation of a specific secondary immune response characterized by massive leukocyte recruitment and generation of strong CTL activity at the restimulation site. During the antitumor immune response the CD4+:CD8+ T cell ratio decreased significantly and specifically in the restimulated sponges. Depletion of CD8+ but not CD4+ T cells from the tumor immune mice before restimulation significantly reduced the delayed-type hypersensitivity-like response and totally blocked the generation of tumor-specific CTL activity in situ. Only a minority of the CD8+ immune T cells which predominated the secondary response in situ expressed IL-2R and lymph node homing receptors as detected by the mAb MEL-14.