gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Social Browsing on Flickr (2006)

The new social media sites - blogs, wikis, del.icio.us and Flickr, among others - underscore the transformation of the Web to a participatory medium in which users are actively creating, evaluating and distributing information. The photo-sharing site Flickr, for example, allows users to upload photographs, view photos created by others, comment on those photos, etc. As is common to other social media sites, Flickr allows users to designate others as ``contacts'' and to track their activities in real time. The contacts (or friends) lists form the social network backbone of social media sites. We claim that these social networks facilitate new ways of interacting with information, e.g., through what we call social browsing. The contacts interface on Flickr enables users to see latest images submitted by their friends. Through an extensive analysis of Flickr data, we show that social browsing through the contacts' photo streams is one of the primary methods by which users find new images on Flickr. This finding has implications for creating personalized recommendation systems based on the user's declared contacts lists.
IONIC MEDICATION IN DERMATOLOGY (1931)

The introduction of drugs into the human body by means of an electric current has fascinated medical physicists for more than a century. According to Turrell, 1 ionic medication was enunciated as long ago as 1747 by Veratti. Jones 2 stated that Palaprat claimed to have introduced iodine into the tissues in this way in 1833. There are an increasing number of references in the literature since this date: Richardson, 1859; Burns, 1870; Mink, 1873, and Gauthier, Morton, Edison and Foveau de Cournelles in the early nineties. The idea, however, was imperfectly understood and consequently failed to attract attention and made no progress. The general application of the theory, as a practical question in therapeutics, must be credited to Leduc, who, in a series of papers beginning in 1900, brought it forcefully before the medical profession. Considerable literature on the subject has accumulated since this date. One hesitates to announce
Nanostructured and nanoscale devices, sensors and detectors (2005)

In reduced dimensions, materials display characteristics quite different from their bulk behavior. Interestingly, most viruses, bacteria, pathogens, particles in gas phase and other chemical–biological agents, which form the basis of this investigation, also have comparable dimensions. Our present and ongoing investigation is aimed towards the detection of chemical and biological agents using nanostructured materials. We have studied nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanoporous materials for biocompatibility and subsequent detection. In addition, based on our field emission studies on carbon nanotubes, we have suggested device designs to detect environmental emission. Detection strategies and preliminary data from electrochemical sensors, atomic force microscopy, and surface plasmon resonance are presented for the detection of chemical–biological agents immobilized on layers of nanoparticles. As a critical step in the development of sensors/detectors, strategies for surface functionalization and immobilization for carbon nanostructures, nanoparticles, and nanoporous materials are also presented. Such devices display unique characteristics, morphological flexibility, and biocompatibility. The eventual objective of our investigation is to develop a nanotechnology based sensor platform that will enable the direct electrical, optical, or electrooptical detection of biological and chemical agents in a label-free, highly multiplexed format over a broad dynamic range.
Nitric oxide and mitochondrial biogenesis (2006)

The characteristic structural organization of mitochondria is the product of synthesis of macromolecules within the mitochondria together with the import of proteins and lipids synthesized outside the organelle. Synthetic and import processes are required for mitochondrial proliferation and might also facilitate the growth of pre-existing mitochondria. Recent evidence indicates that these events are regulated in a complex way by several agonists and environmental conditions, through activation of specific signaling pathways and transcription factors. A newly discovered role of this organelle in retrograde intracellular signaling back to the nucleus has also emerged. This is likely to have far-reaching implications in development, aging, disease and environmental adaptation. Generation of nitric oxide (NO) appears to be an important player in these processes, possibly acting as a unifying molecular switch to trigger the whole mitochondrial biogenesis process. High levels of NO acutely inhibit cell respiration by binding to cytochrome c oxidase. Conversely, chronic, smaller increases in NO levels stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis in diverse cell types. NO-induced mitochondrial biogenesis seems to be linked to proliferation and differentiation of normal and tumor cells, as well as in aging.
A 60-mW 200-MHz continuous-time seventh-order linear phase filter with on-chip automatic tuning system (2003)

A full CMOS seventh-order linear phase filter based on g/sub m/-C biquads with a -3-dB frequency of 200 MHz is realized in 0.35-μm CMOS process. The linear operational transconductance amplifier is based on complementary differential pairs in order to achieve both low-distortion figures and high-frequency operation. The common-mode feedback (CMFB) employed takes advantage of the filter architecture; incorporating the load capacitors into the CMFB loop improves further its phase margin. A very simple automatic tuning system corrects the filter deviations due to process parameter tolerances and temperature variations. The group delay ripple is less than 5% for frequencies up to 300 MHz, while the power consumption is 60 mW. The third-harmonic distortion is less than -44 dB for input signals up to 500 mV/sub pp/. The filter active area is only 900 × 200 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The supply voltages used are ±1.5 V.
Microbial production of Propionic and Succinic acid from Sorbitol using Propionibacterium acidipropionici (2015)

Three sequential fermentative batches were carried out with cell recycle in four simultaneously operating bioreactors maintained at pH 6.5, 30°C, and 100 rpm. P. acidipropionici ATCC 4875 was able to produce propionic and succinic acid from sorbitol. The concentration of propionic acid decreased slightly from 39.5 ± 5.2 g L(-1) to 34.4 ± 1.9 g L(-1), and that of succinic acid increased significantly from 6.1 ± 2.1 g L(-1) to 14.8 ± 0.9 g L(-1) through the sequential batches. In addition, a small amount of acetic acid was produced that decreased from 3.3 ± 0.4 g L(-1) to 2.0 ± 0.3 g L(-1) through the batches. The major yield for propionic acid was 0.613 g g(-1) in the first batch and succinic acid it was 0.212 g g(-1) in the third batch. The minor yield of acetic acid was 0.029 g g(-1), in the second and third batches.
Determining car-park occupancy from single images (2004)

We propose a system to estimate the occupancy of a car-park using a single image of a single camera. Very often car-parks are already equipped with CCTV-cameras for surveillance purposes which may be used for automatic detection systems as well. Our system is targeted on cases where occupancy values are sought, but exact solutions like automatic gates or induction loops are too costly and where estimate values are acceptable for the operator. The image processing for the vehicle classification basically works by constructing a reference image of the empty car-park given in the input image and then comparing those two. The occupancy estimate is determined by the vehicle to car-park pixel area ratio, where perspective distortion and occlusion is compensated.
Ligand Binding in the Conserved Interhelical Loop of CorA, a Magnesium Transporter from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2009)

CorA is a constitutively expressed magnesium transporter in many bacteria. The crystal structures of Thermotoga maritima CorA provide an excellent structural framework for continuing studies. Here, the ligand binding properties of the conserved interhelical loop, the only portion of the protein exposed to the periplasmic space, are characterized by solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Through titration experiments performed on the isolated transmembrane domain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CorA, it was found that two CorA substrates (Mg2+ and Co2+) and the CorA-specific inhibitor (Co(III) hexamine chloride) bind in the loop at the same binding site. This site includes the glutamic acid residue from the conserved "MPEL" motif. The relatively large dissociation constants indicate that such interactions are weak but not atypical for channels. The present data support the hypothesis that the negatively charged loop could act as an electrostatic ring, increasing local substrate concentrations before transport across the membrane.
The Cytidine Analog Fluorocyclopentenylcytosine (RX-3117) Is Activated by Uridine-Cytidine Kinase 2 (2016)

Fluorocyclopentenylcytosine (RX-3117) is an orally available cytidine analog, currently in Phase I clinical trial. RX-3117 has promising antitumor activity in various human tumor xenografts including gemcitabine resistant tumors. RX-3117 is activated by uridine-cytidine kinase (UCK). Since UCK exists in two forms, UCK1 and UCK2, we investigated which form is responsible for RX-3117 phosphorylation. For that purpose we transfected A549 and SW1573 cell lines with UCK-siRNAs. Transfection of UCK1-siRNA efficiently downregulated UCK1-mRNA, but not UCK2-mRNA expression, and did not affect sensitivity to RX-3117. However, transfection of UCK2-siRNA completely downregulated UCK2-mRNA and protein and protected both A549 and SW1573 against RX-3117. UCK enzyme activity in two panels of tumor cell lines and xenograft cells correlated only with UCK2-mRNA expression (r = 0.803 and 0.915, respectively), but not with UCK1-mRNA. Moreover, accumulation of RX-3117 nucleotides correlated with UCK2 expression. In conclusion, RX-3117 is activated by UCK2 which may be used to select patients potentially sensitive to RX-3117.
3D Printed Vascularized Device for Subcutaneous Transplantation of Human Islets (2017)

Transplantation of pancreatic islets or stem cell derived insulin secreting cells is an attractive treatment strategy for diabetes. However, islet transplantation is associated with several challenges including function‐loss associated with dispersion and limited vascularization as well as the need for continuous immunosuppression. To overcome these limitations, here we present a novel 3D printed and functionalized encapsulation system for subcutaneous engraftment of islets or islet like cells. The devices were 3D printed with polylactic acid and the surfaces treated and patterned to increase the hydrophilicity, cell attachment, and proliferation. Surface treated encapsulation systems were implanted with growth factor enriched platelet gel, which helped to create a vascularized environment before loading human islets. The device protected the encapsulated islets from acute hypoxia and kept them functional. The adaptability of the encapsulation system was demonstrated by refilling some of the experimental groups transcutaneously with additional islets.
Ancestry of plant MADS‐box genes revealed by bryophyte (<i>Physcomitrella patens</i>) homologues (2000)

Three MADS-box cDNA clones and two corresponding genomic sequences (gDNAs) have been isolated from the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens and sequenced. Our findings indicate that the genes may be expressed in a tissue- or age-specific manner, and that expression of one of them is regulated by an alternative splicing mechanism. Conceptual translation of the clones reveals that the encoded MADS-domain proteins have the typical plant-domain pattern (MIKC). Additionally, there is a high degree of conservation of intron number and positions between angiosperm MADS-box genes and the moss loci. These observations confirm the homology of moss and higher plant MADS-box genes. We conclude that the MIKC pattern evolved in MADS-box genes after the separation of the plant lineage from that of fungi and animals, and that it must have been present in the common ancestor of mosses, ferns and seed plants. Therefore it evolved at least 400 million yr ago. Phylogenetic analysis of a large subset of the sequenced plant MADS-box genes, incorporating those from P. patens, indicates that the bryophyte genes are not orthologues of spermatophyte genes belonging to any of the well recognized higher plant gene subfamilies. This conclusion accords well with reports that the known fern MADS-box genes also comprise subfamilies distinct from those of higher plants. Therefore we tentatively propose that the gene duplication and diversification events that created the MADS-box gene subfamilies, discernible in extant angiosperm and other spermatophyte groups, occurred after separation of the moss and fern lineages from the lineage which produced the higher plants.
Detection, extraction and representation of tables (2004)

We are concerned with the extraction of tables from exchange format representations of very diverse composite documents. We put forward a flexible representation scheme for complex tables, based on a clear distinction between the physical layout of a table and its logical structure. Relying on this scheme, we develop a new method for the detection and the extraction of tables by an analysis of the graphic lines. To deal with tables that lack all or most of the graphic marks, one must focus on the regularities of the text elements alone. We propose such a method, based on a multi-level analysis of the layout of text components on a page. A general graph representation of the relative positions of blocks of text is exploited.
Highly resistive CH-doped GaN grown by plasma-assisted metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1996)

Highly resistive (≳106 Ω cm) GaN thin films were grown on (0001) sapphire substrates by plasma-assisted metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using triethylgallium and N radicals. Considerable amounts of C and H were incorporated in the GaN films and the incorporated C was electrically inactive after annealing in N2 up to 900 °C, suggesting that thermally stable CH complex made the GaN films highly resistive. The C concentrations were reduced when the Ga and N sources were alternately supplied.
Cromosomas artificiales humanos: posibles aplicaciones y consideraciones clínicas (2006)

El tratamiento genico, definido como la introduccion de un gen exogeno en una celula receptora para conseguir un beneficio terapeutico, ya es una realidad. Pese a la generalizada publicidad negativa asociada con la oncogenesis inducida por el vector en varios pacientes, hace varios anos se consiguio la correccion sostenida de una forma ligada al sexo de inmunodeficiencia combinada grave como consecuencia del tratamiento genico mediado por retrovirus [1]. Pese al exito, estos resultados combinados ilustran efectivamente la muy real posibilidad de mutagenesis insercional asociada con cualquier modificacion integradora del genoma humano. Al evaluar las plataformas de tecnologia con la capacidad de abordar este tema puede tener valor la consideracion teorica de las mas amplias propiedades de un sistema vector ideal para el tratamiento genico. Este vector no debe estar limitado por constricciones arbitrarias del tamano de un gen deseado impuestas por la biologia del virus huesped, sino que deberia ser capaz de expresar el gen de forma sostenida, fisiologicamente adecuada, segun determinen sus elementos reguladores endogenos, que pueden extenderse en cientos en incluso miles de kilobases (kb) de ADN genomico. Este vector no debe expresar proteinas extranas que pudieran desencadenar reacciones inmunogenicas potencialmente fatales [2-4]. Ademas, este vector debe ser no integrador, eliminando asi la posibilidad de oncogenesis por insercion, y ser inmune a los efectos silenciadores del gen impuestos por el ambiente de cromatina local en el punto de la insercion [5]. Por ultimo, este vector deberia ser capaz de replicar y segregar con gran fidelidad junto a los cromosomas naturales de la celula huesped, transmitiendose fielmente en las subsiguientes generaciones de celulas hijas y manteniendo la expresion de su carga de proteina terapeutica.
Valéry a-t-il emprunté à Mallarmé son vocabulaire poétique? (1968)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
An improvement of Liao et al.'s authentication scheme using smart cards (2010)

In 2004, Das et al. proposed a dynamic identity based remote user authentication scheme. They claimed that their scheme is secure against different attacks. Unfortunately, many researchers demonstrated that Das et al. scheme is vulnerable to various attacks. Furthermore, this scheme does not achieve mutual authentication and thus can not resist malicious server attack. In 2005, Liao et al. improved Das et al.'s scheme and claimed that the improved scheme achieves mutual authentication, withstand password guessing attack and insider attack. In 2006, Yoon and Yoo demonstrated a reflection attack on Liao et al.'s scheme that breaks the mutual authentication. In this paper, we found that Liao et al.'s scheme is also vulnerable to malicious user attack, impersonation attack, stolen smart card attack and offline password guessing attack. Moreover, Liao et al.'s scheme does not maintain the user's anonymity and its password change phase is insecure. This paper presents a secure dynamic identity based authentication scheme using smart cards to resolve the aforementioned problems, while keeping the merits of different dynamic identity based authentication schemes.
Selective electrophilic activation of alkanes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective electrophilic activation of alkanesJean Sommer and Jozef BukalaCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26, 7, 370–376Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00031a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00031a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views696Altmetric-Citations108LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of a Switched-Reluctance Motor Drive With PFC Front End (2009)

In this paper, the development and control for a switched-reluctance motor (SRM) drive with front-end switch-mode rectifier (SMR) are presented, and good motor driving performance and line drawn power quality are obtained. In the SMR, the dc-link voltage spikes caused by periodic pulse-type motor currents are eliminated using high-frequency small capacitor. And the bulky capacitor is designed according to the specified double-frequency voltage ripple. Then, the robust voltage and current schemes are developed to yield excellent and robust SMR control performance. Having well-regulated and adjustable dc-link voltage source, the performance enhancements of the SRM in vibration as well as current and speed dynamic responses are performed and evaluated. The robust current and speed control schemes are designed to yield improved driving performance. In addition to voltage boosting, the commutation advanced shift is proposed to further the improve current and speed dynamic responses, the torque-generating capability, and the vibration of SRM.
Targeted chemical nucleases (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTargeted chemical nucleasesDavid S. Sigman, Thomas W. Bruice, Abhijit Mazumder, and Christopher L. SuttonCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26, 3, 98–104Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00027a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00027a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views705Altmetric-Citations271LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regioselective para-chlorination of activated aromatic compounds (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegioselective para-chlorination of activated aromatic compoundsWilliam David WatsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 12, 2145–2148Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00212a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00212a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1648Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts