gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plastic Nets in Agriculture: A General Review of Types and Applications (2008)

At the moment, there are a large number of agricultural net types on the market characterized by different structural features such as type of material, type and dimensions of threads, texture, mesh size, porosity / solidity and weight; by radiometric properties like color, transmissivity/reflectivity/shading factor; by physical properties like air permeability and several mechanical characteristics such as tensile stress, strength, elongation at break, and durability. Protection from hail, wind, snow, or strong rainfall in fruit-farming and ornamentals, shading nets for greenhouses and nets moderately modifying the microenvironment for a crop are the most common applications. A systematic review of the current state-of-the-art of structural parameters, standard and regulations, most common agricultural net applications, and their supporting structures has been developed by means of a literature study, technical investigations, concerning characteristics and use of nets. As a result, the survey highlighted that in many cases different, not even similar, net types were adopted for the same application and the same cultivations by various growers. Results show that neither growers nor net producers have clear ideas about the relationship between the net typology optimization for a specific application and the construction parameters of the net. The choice often depends on empirical or economic criteria and not on scientific considerations. Moreover, it appears that scientifically justified technical requirements for nets used in specific agricultural applications have not been established yet.
Murine dendritic cell rapamycin-resistant and rictor-independent mTOR controls IL-10, B7-H1, and regulatory T-cell induction (2013)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important, yet poorly understood integrative kinase that regulates immune cell function. mTOR functions in 2 independent complexes: mTOR complex (mTORC) 1 and 2. The immunosuppressant rapamycin (RAPA) inhibits mTORC1 but not mTORC2 and causes a paradoxical reduction in anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL) 10 and B7-homolog 1 (B7-H1) expression by dendritic cells (DCs). Using catalytic mTOR inhibitors and DCs lacking mTORC2, we show that restraint of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-mediated IL-10 and B7-H1 expression during DC maturation involves a RAPA-insensitive and mTORC2-independent mTOR mechanism. Relatedly, catalytic mTOR inhibition promotes B7-H1-dependent and IL-1β-dependent DC induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Thus, we define an immunoregulatory pathway in which RAPA-sensitive mTORC1 in DCs promotes effector T-cell expansion and RAPA-insensitive mTORC1 restrains T(reg) induction. These findings identify the first known RAPA-insensitive mTOR pathway that is not mediated solely by mTORC2 and have implications for the use of catalytic mTOR inhibitors in inflammatory disease settings.
Protein expression in salivary glands of rats with streptozotocin diabetes (2009)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread disease with high morbidity and health care costs. An experimental animal model was employed, using morphological and biochemical methods, to investigate the effects of DM on the expression and compartmentation of salivary gland proteins. The distribution of proline-rich proteins (PRP), submandibular mucin (Muc10) and the regulatory (RI and RII) subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase type I and type II was determined in the parotid and submandibular (SMG) glands of rats treated with streptozotocin. Quantitative immunocytochemistry of secretory granules in diabetic glands revealed decreases of 30% for PRP in both the parotid and SMG, and a 40% decrease in Muc10 in the SMG. Immunogold labelling showed that RII decreased in nuclei and the cytoplasm in diabetic acinar cells while labelling of secretory granules was similar in control and diabetic parotid. Electrophoresis and Western blotting of tissue extracts of two secretory proteins showed that the response to DM and insulin treatment was gland specific: PRP showed little change in the SMG, but decreased in the parotid in DM and was partially restored after insulin treatment. Photoaffinity labelling showed only RI present in the SMG and mainly RII in the parotid. The results of this and previous studies demonstrating highly specific changes in salivary protein expression indicate that the oral environment is significantly altered by DM, and that oral tissues and their function can be compromised. These findings may provide a basis for future studies to develop tests using saliva for diabetic status or progression in humans.
[Construction of recombinant E. coli-L. interrogans shuttle plasmid pGKINVA and screening recombinant leptospira strains]. (2007)

Recombinant L. biflexa-Escherichia coli shuttle vector with invA insert was constructed and two strains of pGKINVA transformed Leptospira were obtained. These pGKINVA transformed Leptospira strains would provid an experimental model to investigate potential pathogenic functions of invA in vivo.
Radiation sterilisation of advanced drug-device combination products. (2007)

Sterilisation of drug-device combination products presents unique challenges and demands some new thinking. Issues such as dose setting and controlling free radicals for these ultraclean, high-cost products are discussed together with the future advancements required for their efficient terminal sterilisation.
OncoSNP-SEQ: a statistical approach for the identification of somatic copy number alterations from next-generation sequencing of cancer genomes (2013)

MATLAB code is available at the following URL: https://sites.google.com/site/oncosnpseq/.
Kohlensäure‐alkylester‐amidoxime (N‐Hydroxy‐O‐alkyl‐isoharnstoffe) 42. Mitt. über Hydroxylamin‐Derivate (1970)

Abstract Durch Hydroxylaminolyse der Hydrochloride von O‐Alkylisoharnstoffen erhält man die in der Überschrift genannten Verbindungen, von denen einige Acylierungs‐ und Folgereaktionen beschrieben werden. Die Umsetzung von O‐Methylisoharnstoff mit Benzhydroximsäurechlorid führt zu 5‐Amino‐3‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol.
Short Notices (1966)

Short Notices Get access ESMOND WRIGHT ESMOND WRIGHT University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXXI, Issue CCCXX, July 1966, Pages 602–603, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXXI.CCCXX.602 Published: 01 July 1966
Clustering of replicating cells in aortic endothelium. (1976)

Cell division in the aortic endothelium of the rat is not randomly distributed. Maps of the aortic surface show focal areas where the daily rate of replication may be in excess of 50%. This implies the existence of focal areas of rapid cell growth or rapid cell turnover and other areas where growth or turnover is largely absent.
Enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-perhydro-219A from an anthranilic acid derivative (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnantioselective total synthesis of (+)-perhydro-219A from an anthranilic acid derivativePatrick J. McCloskey and Arthur G. SchultzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 7, 1380–1383Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00242a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00242a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views354Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Use of a Mixed-Mode Packing and Voltage Tuning for Peptide Mixture Separation in Pressurized Capillary Electrochromatography with an Ion Trap Storage/Reflectron Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer Detector (1999)

A mixed-mode (reversed-phase/anion-exchange) stationary phase has been used as the capillary column packing for investigation of the separation of peptide mixtures in pressurized capillary electrochromatography (pCEC). This stationary phase contains both octadecylsilanes and dialkylamines. The amine groups of the stationary phase determine the charge density on the surface of the packing and can produce a strong and constant electroosmotic flow (EOF) at low pH. A comparison was made in terms of the capability of separating tryptic digests between the mixed-mode phase and C18 reversed phase. In addition, the constant EOF enabled the tuning of the retention and the selectivity of the separation by adjusting the mobile phase pH from 2 to 5. Furthermore, the magnitude and the polarity of the electric voltage were demonstrated to greatly influence the elution profiles of the peptides in pCEC. An ion trap storage/reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer was used as an on-line detector in these experiments due to its ability to provide rapid and accurate mass detection of the sample components eluting from the separation column.
Essential role of MD-2 in B-cell responses to lipopolysaccharide and Toll-like receptor 4 distribution (2002)

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediates lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signaling in a variety of cell types. MD-2 is associated with the extracellular domain of TLR4 and augments TLR4-dependent LPS responses in vitro. Moreover, mice lacking MD-2 (MD-2 — /— ) do not respond to LPS, survive endotoxin shock, and are susceptible to Salmonella typhimurium infection. Here, we further show that B cells lacking MD-2 do not up-regulate CD23 in response to LPS. TLR4 predominantly resides in the Golgi apparatus without MD-2. MD-2 is essential for LPS responses in vivo.
CW HF/HCN and HF/DF optical resonance transfer lasers (1980)

CW laser oscillation has been observed in HCN at <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3.85-3.9 \mu</tex> m and in DF at <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3.8-4.0 \mu</tex> m. Mixtures of HF/HCN/He and HF/DF/He were irradiated by a CW multiline HF chemical laser. Vibrational excitation of HF by resonance absorption, followed by rapid V-V energy transfer to HCN or DF, produced a population inversion. The HCN gain was estimated to be between 0.08 and 0.17 percent/cm. The DF gain was greater than 0.17 percent/cm and 25 mW of power were outcoupled.
Levelized incomplete LU factorization and its application to large-scale circuit simulation (1995)

In the simulation of large circuits, the CPU time for solving the resulting linear equations may exceed the time required for evaluating the circuit elements. The circuit size above which this occurs depends on the applied transistor model and is roughly 10/sup 4/ devices for a vectorizing table model. To further speed up large-scale circuit simulation, one therefore has to focus on the solution algorithm. In this paper the excessive propagation of fill-in elements during sparse matrix factorization is identified as the major source of the superlinear increase of solution time. The idea of truncating the fill-in propagation in a variable manner forms the basis for the construction of a hierarchical solver with the same robustness as Newton's method but much less effort for large circuits. The method was applied to MOS circuits with up to 63000 transistors and in all cases the predominance of the solution part was broken. The new algorithm can be used efficiently both on sequential and vector architectures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Plasma and dialysate IL‐6 and VEGF concentrations are associated with high peritoneal solute transport rate (2002)

The findings of (i) increased plasma and dialysate levels of IL-6 and VEGF in the H/A group compared to the L/A group, (ii) an association between PSTR and both plasma and dialysate IL-6 and VEGF levels, and (iii) a significant correlation between dialysate IL-6 and VEGF concentrations suggest that inflammation, angiogenesis, and peritoneal transport may be interrelated and involved in the pathophysiology of high PSTR in CAPD patients. However, due to the cross-sectional design of this study, the cause and effect relationships between plasma and dialysate IL-6 and VEGF concentrations and high PSRT remain unclear.
Molecular cloning of the human nucleotide-excision-repair gene ERCC4. (2020)

ERCC4 was previously identified in somatic cell hybrids as a human gene that corrects the nucleotide-excision-repair deficiency in mutant hamster cells. The cloning strategy for ERCC4 involved transfection of the repair-deficient hamster cell line UV41 with a human sCos-1 cosmid library derived from chromosome 16. Enhanced UV resistance was seen with one cosmid-library transformant and two secondary transformants of UV41. Cosmid clones carrying a functional ERCC4 gene were isolated from a library of a second transformant by selecting in Escherichia coli for expression of a linked neomycin-resistance gene that was present in the sCos-1 vector. The cosmids mapped to 16p13.13-p13.2, the location assigned to ERCC4 by using somatic cell hybrids. Upon transfection into UV41, six cosmid clones gave partial correction ranging from 30% to 64%, although all appeared to contain the complete gene. The capacity for in vitro excision of thymine dimers from a plasmid by transformant cell extracts correlated qualitatively with enhanced UV resistance.
Reinterpreting the pressure-volume curve in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (2002)

New evidence requires a reinterpretation of the inflation pressure-volume curve and suggests that neither the lower nor the upper inflection point provides reliable information to determine safe ventilator settings in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Recruitment probably continues throughout the inflation pressure-volume curve, and studies of the deflation pressure-volume curve, reinflations after partial deflation, or decremental positive end-expiratory pressure trials after a recruitment maneuver are probably needed to determine open-lung positive end-expiratory pressure.
Comparative Evaluation of Ultrafiltration Membranes for Purification of Synthetic Peptides (1989)

Abstract Published information on the use of ultrafiltration to separate natural and synthetic peptides from each other, and from low-molecular-weight impurities, is reviewed. The suitability of commercial membranes of low nominal molecular weight cut-off (500-8000 daltons) for fractionation of synthetic peptides was evaluated with a model mixture of a hexapeptide (MW 844), insulin (MW 5730), and cytochrome c (MW 12,384) in 5% acetic acid. Diafiltration in a cross-flow thin-channel device allowed graphical determination of the retention coefficient for each solute on each membrane; fouling and cleanability were also assessed. Regenerated cellulose and cellulose acetate membranes did not foul, were chemically resistant, and fractionated efficiently. Other membrane types, including polysulfone and Teflon, fouled and were difficult to clean. Cellulosic membranes can be successfully integrated into the purification of synthetic peptides.
Dyadic T-mesh subdivision (2015)

Meshes with T-joints (T-meshes) and related high-order surfaces have many advantages in situations where flexible local refinement is needed. At the same time, designing subdivision rules and bases for T-meshes is much more difficult, and fewer options are available. For common geometric modeling tasks it is desirable to retain the simplicity and flexibility of commonly used subdivision surfaces, and extend them to handle T-meshes. We propose a subdivision scheme extending Catmull-Clark and NURSS to a special class of quad T-meshes, dyadic T-meshes, which have no more than one T-joint per edge. Our scheme is based on a factorization with the same structure as Catmull-Clark subdivision. On regular T-meshes it is a refinement scheme for a subset of standard T-splines. While we use more variations of subdivision masks compared to Catmull-Clark and NURSS, the minimal size of the stencil is maintained, and all variations in formulas are due to simple changes in coefficients.
Epidemiologic aspects of blastomycosis, the enigmatic systemic mycosis. (1986)

A growing body of epidemiologic information derives from the study of sporadic cases and seven epidemics of blastomycosis, although a complete epidemiologic description of the disease is impeded by the absence of a skin test and difficulty isolating the causative fungus, Blastomyces dermatitidis, from nature. Most cases occur sporadically in humans and dogs in a worldwide distribution. Endemic areas in the United States include southeastern, southcentral, and midwestern states, particularly Arkansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Wisconsin. Blastomycosis is acquired by inhalation of spores from nature and acute disease occurs 21 to 106 days (median 43 days) after exposure; cutaneous inoculation and sexual and intrauterine transmission are rare. Most human cases are in middle aged men with occupation-, or leisure-related activities involving the soil or wooded areas. Identification of a point source in nature at a beaver pond and lodge was first accomplished during a 1984 Wisconsin epidemic, advancing knowledge of the natural habitat and ecology of the fungus. Blastomcyces alkali- and water-soluble antigen, utilized for in vitro lymphocyte transformation studies during the epidemic, may hold considerable promise for incorporation into a skin test.
Synthesis of diesters by addition of acids to 5-alkoxycarbonylnorborn-2-ene and related 5-methyl derivatives (2012)

The addition of saturated aliphatic acids C1–C5 to 5-alkoxycarbonylnorborn-2-enes and 5-methyl-5-alkoxycarbonylnorborn-2-enes in the presence of catalyst BF3·O(C2H5)2 was studied and new representatives of the norbornane hydroxyacids diesters were synthesized.
Synthèse et étude d'hydrogels thermosensibles obtenus par modification chimique contrôlée du chitosane (2006)

International audience
Macrophage-Derived Chemokine Is Localized to Thymic Medullary Epithelial Cells and Is a Chemoattractant for CD3+, CD4+, CD8low Thymocytes (1999)

Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) is a recently identified CC chemokine that is a potent chemoattractant for dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and the Th2 subset of peripheral blood T cells. In normal tissues, MDC mRNA is expressed principally in the thymus. Immunohistochemical analysis performed on 5 human postnatal thymuses showed high MDC immunoreactivity, which was selectively localized to epithelial cells within the medulla. To examine the effects of MDC on immature T cells, we have identified cDNA clones for mouse and rat MDC. Expression of MDC in murine tissues is also highly restricted, with significant levels of mRNA found only in the thymus. Thymocytes express high-affinity binding sites for MDC (kd = 0.7 nmol/L), and, in vitro, MDC is a chemoattractant for these cells. MDC-responsive murine thymocytes express mRNA for CCR4, a recently identified receptor for MDC. Phenotypic analysis of MDC-responsive cells shows that they are enriched for a subset of double-positive cells that express high levels of CD3 and CD4 and that have reduced levels of CD8. This subset of MDC-responsive cells is consistent with the observed expression of MDC within the medulla, because more mature cells are found there. MDC may therefore play a role in the migration of T-cell subsets during development within the thymus.
A Highly Luminescent Hexanuclear Molybdenum Cluster – A Promising Candidate toward Photoactive Materials (2012)

Abstract A new Mo 6 cluster complex and its silica and polyurethane composites have been synthesized and characterized. These materials are highly luminescent with emission above 650 nm, produce singlet oxygen with high efficiency, are photostable, and can be excited up to 580 nm. These properties are desirable for the construction of luminescent probes of oxygen, photoactive materials for oxidation reactions with easily separable active carriers, and bactericidal textile surfaces upon daylight irradiation.
The Determination of an Alternating Monomer Sequence Distribution in Propylene-Butadiene Copolymers Using Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Determination of an Alternating Monomer Sequence Distribution in Propylene-Butadiene Copolymers Using Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic ResonanceCharles J. CarmanCite this: Macromolecules 1974, 7, 6, 789–793Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60042a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60042a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Convenient synthesis of sulfinate esters from sulfonyl chlorides (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvenient synthesis of sulfinate esters from sulfonyl chloridesJanice M. Klunder and K. Barry SharplessCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 12, 2598–2602Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00388a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00388a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2257Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts