gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Negatively Controls<i>spv</i>Virulence Gene Expression in<i>Salmonella enterica</i> (2006)

Mutational inactivation of the cold-shock-associated exoribonuclease polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase; encoded by the pnp gene) in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was previously shown to enable the bacteria to cause chronic infection and to affect the bacterial replication in BALB/c mice (M. O. Clements et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99:8784-8789, 2002). Here, we report that PNPase deficiency results in increased expression of Salmonella plasmid virulence (spv) genes under in vitro growth conditions that allow induction of spv expression. Furthermore, whole-genome microarray-based transcriptome analyses of bacteria growing inside murine macrophage-like J774.A.1 cells revealed six genes as being significantly up-regulated in the PNPase-deficient background, which included spvABC, rtcB, entC, and STM2236. Mutational inactivation of the spvR regulator diminished the increased expression of spv observed in the pnp mutant background, implying that PNPase acts upstream of or at the level of SpvR. Finally, competition experiments revealed that the growth advantage of the pnp mutant in BALB/c mice was dependent on spvR as well. Combined, our results support the idea that in S. enterica PNPase, apart from being a regulator of the cold shock response, also functions in tuning the expression of virulence genes and bacterial fitness during infection.
Efficiency of Eu3+ Fluorescence in Oxygen-Dominated Host Lattices (1965)

The efficiency of Eu3+ fluorescence in a variety of rare-earth oxygen-dominated host materials was measured under excitation by 2537 Å uv at 25°C. It was found to be of the same order as that of the commercial phosphor, magnesium arsenate:Mn in all such hosts. To account for the high efficiency and particularly for the insensitiveness of efficiency to the nature of the host lattice, it is proposed that europium—oxygen states are excited directly and that the corresponding absorbtion coefficient is of a magnitude to make this the dominant absorption process.
Evaluation of Skin Barrier Function Using Direct Current I: Effects of Conductivity, Voltage, Distance between Electrodes and Electrode Area. (2002)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reduction in skin barrier function caused by direct current iontophoresis by measuring resistance in the short term. The experiments were carried out using rat abdominal skin in vivo. The resistance was measured every 125 ms and analyzed using a two-compartment model consisting of surface and skin resistance. Moreover, the initial value and the rate constant of each resistance were calculated with the non-linear approximation program. The proposed method could evaluate the reduction in barrier function from the initial value and the rate constant of surface resistance with high sensitivity and accuracy. Using this proposed method, the effects of the conductivity of an adhesive pad, voltage, the distance between electrodes and the area of electrode were examined. The increase in conductivity of the adhesive pad decreased the initial value since the rate constant increased. The reduction in barrier function depends on voltage. Although the barrier function decreased up until an electrode distance of 1 cm, it increased beyond 1 cm. These phenomena contributed to the current pass portion in the skin because the resistance was in the order of the stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis. The initial value decreased with increasing electrode area. However, the rate constant was little affected since the current density of a topical electrode adjacent to the other electrode was high.
Proceedings of the sudden oak death second science symposium: the state of our knowledge (2006)

The Sudden Oak Death Second Science Symposium provided a forum for current research on sudden oak death, caused by the exotic, quarantine pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum. Ninety papers and forty-six posters on the following sudden oak death/P. ramorum topics are included: biology, genetics, nursery and wildland management, monitoring, ecology, and diagnostics. Several papers on P. kernoviae and other forest Phytophthora species are also presented.
Targeting Cell Metabolism in Cancer Patients (2010)

Dichloroacetate can safely modify glucose metabolism in aggressive brain tumors when administered to patients.
Altered chemotactic response to CXCL12 in patients carrying GATA2 ă mutations (2016)

GATA2 deficiency formerly described as MonoMAC syndrome; dendritic ă cells, monocytes, B cells, and natural killer cell deficiency; familial ă myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia; or Emberger syndrome ă encompasses a range of hematologic and nonhematologic anomalies, mainly ă characterized by monocytopenia, B lymphopenia, natural killer cell ă cytopenia, neutropenia, immunodeficiency, and a high risk of developing ă acute myeloid leukemia. Herein, we present 7 patients with GATA2 ă deficiency recruited into the French Severe Chronic Neutropenia ă Registry, which enrolls patients with all kinds of congenital ă neutropenia. We performed extended immunophenotyping of their whole ă blood lymphocyte populations, together with the analysis of their ă chemotactic responses. Lymphopenia was recorded for B and CD4(+) T cells ă in 6 patients. Although only 3 patients displayed natural killer cell ă cytopenia, the CD56(bright) natural killer subpopulation was nearly ă absent in all 7 patients. Natural killer cells from 6 patients showed ă decreased CXCL12/CXCR4-dependent chemotaxis, whereas other lymphocytes, ă and most significantly B lymphocytes, displayed enhanced CXCL12induced ă chemotaxis compared with healthy volunteers. Surface expression of CXCR4 ă was significantly diminished in the patients' natural killer cells, ă although the total expression of the receptor was found to be equivalent ă to that of natural killer cells from healthy individual controls. ă Together, these data reveal that GATA2 deficiency is associated with ă impaired membrane expression and chemotactic dysfunctions of CXCR4. ă These dysfunctions may contribute to the physiopathology of this ă deficiency by affecting the normal distribution of lymphocytes and thus ă potentially affecting the susceptibility of patients to associated ă infections.
Neural networks in B-ISDN flow control: ATM traffic prediction or network modeling? (1995)

The authors discuss a technique that offers the combination of shared bandwidth and rejection rate parameters, together with the quality of service predicted by neural networks in a novel strategy for connection admission control and call routing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
C-Reactive Protein Predicts Vascular Access Thrombosis in Hemodialysis Patients (2006)

The serum CRP levels not only predict cardiovascular disease and mortality in hemodialysis patients but also predict the development of vascular access thrombosis in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Co‐electrospun poly(lactide‐<i>co</i>‐glycolide), gelatin, and elastin blends for tissue engineering scaffolds (2006)

In this study, we describe composite scaffolds composed of synthetic and natural materials with physicochemical properties suitable for tissue engineering applications. Fibrous scaffolds were co-electrospun from a blend of a synthetic biodegradable polymer (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), PLGA, 10% solution) and two natural proteins, gelatin (denatured collagen, 8% solution) and alpha-elastin (20% solution) at ratios of 3:1:2 and 2:2:2 (v/v/v). The resulting PLGA-gelatin-elastin (PGE) fibers were homogeneous in appearance with an average diameter of 380 +/- 80 nm, which was considerably smaller than fibers made under identical conditions from the starting materials (PLGA, 780 +/- 200 nm; gelatin, 447 +/- 123 nm; elastin, 1060 +/- 170 nm). Upon hydration, PGE fibers swelled to an average fiber diameter of 963 +/- 132 nm, but did not disintegrate. Importantly, PGE scaffolds were stable in an aqueous environment without crosslinking and were more elastic than those made of pure elastin fibers. To investigate the cytocompatibility of PGE, we cultured H9c2 rat cardiac myoblasts and rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on fibrous PGE scaffolds. We found that myoblasts grew equally as well or slightly better on the scaffolds than on tissue-culture plastic. Microscopic evaluation confirmed that myoblasts reached confluence on the scaffold surfaces while simultaneously growing into the scaffolds. Histological characterization of the PGE constructs indicated that BMSCs penetrated into the center of scaffolds and began proliferating shortly after seeding. Our results suggest that fibrous scaffolds made of PGE and similar biomimetic blends of natural and synthetic polymers may be useful for engineering soft tissues, such as heart, lung, and blood vessels.
The construction and application of a <b> <i>lux</i> </b> ‐based nitrate biosensor (1997)

A plasmid-borne transcriptional fusion between the Escherichia coli nitrate reductase (narG) promoter and the Photorhabdus luminescens lux operon provides E. coli with a highly bioluminescent phenotype in the presence of nitrate. This E. coli biosensor can detect nitrate to a level of 5 x 10(-5) mol l-1 (0.3 ppm), levels relevant to those levels encountered in brewing water. Since induction of the narG promoter requires NarL, the plasmid-based sensor can also be used to interrogate enteric bacteria for the presence of functional homologues of this E. coli regulatory protein. Obesumbacterium proteus, an important bacterial brewery contaminant, failed to provide nitrate-dependent bioluminescence demonstrating divergence in this organism from E. coli in the mechanism of nitrate reductase regulation.
Suppression of eukaryotic translation termination by selected RNAs (2000)

Using selection-amplification, we have isolated RNAs with affinity for translation termination factors eRF1 and eRF1.eRF3 complex. Individual RNAs not only bind, but inhibit eRF1-mediated release of a model nascent chain from eukaryotic ribosomes. There is also significant but weaker inhibition of eRF1-stimulated eRF3 GTPase and eRF3 stimulation of eRF1 release activity. These latter selected RNAs therefore hinder eRF1.eRF3 interactions. Finally, four RNA inhibitors of release suppress a UAG stop codon in mammalian extracts dependent for termination on eRF1 from several metazoan species. These RNAs are therefore new specific inhibitors for the analysis of eukaryotic termination, and potentially a new class of omnipotent termination suppressors with possible therapeutic significance.
2007 IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration (2007)

validation, extrapolation, and application of domain knowledge. The IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration will feature contributed as well as invited papers. Theory, speculative, and application papers are all included in this call. The conference program will include tutorials and an open forum workshop. The focus of the conference includes, but is not limited to, the
Induction of Antimicrobial 3-Deoxyflavonoids in Pome Fruit Trees Controls Fire Blight (2003)

Fire blight, a devastating bacterial disease in pome fruits, causes severe economic losses worldwide. Hitherto, an effective control could only be achieved by using antibiotics, but this implies potential risks for human health, livestock and environment. A new approach allows transient inhibition of a step in the flavonoid pathway, thereby inducing the formation of a novel antimicrobial 3-deoxyflavonoid controlling fire blight in apple and pear leaves. This compound is closely related to natural phytoalexins in sorghum. The approach does not only provide a safe method to control fire blight: Resistance against different pathogens is also induced in other crop plants.
Self-powered microfluidic chips for multiplexed protein assays from whole blood (2009)

We report herein on a self-powered, self-contained microfluidic-based chip designed to separate plasma from whole blood, and then execute an assay of a multiplexed panel of plasma biomarker proteins. The power source is based upon a chemical reaction that is catalytically triggered by the push of a button on the chip. We demonstrate assays of a dozen blood-based protein biomarkers using this automated, self-contained device. This platform can potentially permit high throughput, accurate, multiplexed blood diagnostic measurements in remote locations and by minimally trained individuals.
The four-electron oxidation of meso-octaethylporphyrinogen via a metal-mediated dealkylation process: formation of [RuL(PhCN)2][H2L = 5,15-dihydro-5,5,10,15,15,20-hexaethylporphyrin] (1994)

A four-electron oxidation of meso-octaethylporphyrinogen (H4L′) involving the dealkylation of two meso carbons has been observed in the reaction between [Ru(Cl)2(PhCN)4] and [Li4L′(THF)4] leading to [RuL(PhCN)2] which contains two hemiporphyrin fragments joined by two sp3 carbons, as shown by an X-ray analysis.
A 60-GHz single-ended-to-differential vector sum phase shifter in CMOS for phased-array receiver (2011)

Summary form only given, as follows. A 60-GHz vector sum phase shifter with single-ended-to-differential function for phased array receiver using 90-nm LP CMOS technology is presented. For 4-bit operation from 57–64 GHz, this phase shifter exhibits a gain error and a phase error for all the 16 states of within 2.5 dB and 11°, respectively. The RMS gain imbalance and phase imbalance between the differential outputs are under 0.8 dB and 5.2°, respectively. The average gain of one of the differential outputs at 60 GHz is −5.4 dB.
Thermal diffusion of tin in GaAs from a spin-on SnO2/SiO2 source (1980)

The thermal diffusion of Sn in GaAs from a spin-on SnO2/SiO2 source is described. The processing steps leading to reproducible electrical charcteristics are presented. Electrical measurements, secondary-ion mass spectroscopy, and Rutherford backscattering analysis have been used to study the diffusion during various processing sequences. The results show that this source can make Sn atoms available for diffusion at very low temperatures and produce heavily doped, shallow n+ layers that may be of interest for GaAs field-effect transistor technology.
Thinning planar array antennas with ring arrays (1963)

Summary form only. An abstract of the above-titled article, taken from the 1963 IEEE International Convention (held March 25-28, New York, NY, USA), is presented.
SERS-Active Silver Nanoparticles Prepared by a Simple and Green Method (2010)

A very effective, facile and green method to produce silver nanoparticles as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates is reported. Reduction of silver nitrate with polyethylene glycol 200 without additional steps of introducing other reducing agents or protective agents at room temperature yields silver nanoparticles with particle size less than 5 nm. The as-produced silver nanoparticles can be used as SERS substrates immediately after preparation. The structure and composition of the silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV−visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), particle size analyzer (PSA), and Raman spectroscopy, using a 488 nm Ar+ laser and a 632.8 nm HeNe laser. The SERS enhancement of these silver nanoparticles was tested by using tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride (Ru(bpy)) and Rhodamine 6G (R6G) in both solid and liquid forms. The silver nanoparticles have been shown to provide elegant SERS signals of Ru(bpy) and R6G, demonstrating the advantage of this new method of preparing Ag-based SERS substrates.
THEORY OF HUMAN VIBRATION RESPONSE (1965)

The paper discusses whole body human response to mechanical vibration. The theoretical considerations are based on the view that man's response in a vibratory environment can be determined through measurement of input conditions only. Separation of the total problem (anatomical, psychological, and physiological) into this narrow premise has produced a new parameter identified as 'absorbed power.'
Regeneration of cilia in starved <i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i> involves induced synthesis of ciliary proteins but not synthesis of membrane lipids (1980)

The synthesis of ciliary-membrane phospholipids and ciliary proteins was studied after deciliation in starving Tetrahymena thermophila cells. Deciliated cells regenerated the new ciliary membrane without any induced phospholipid synthesis. The constant cell volume found during the regrowth of the cilia suggests that renewal of ciliary membranes takes place by insertion of intracellular membrane material into the cell surface. In contrast with the absence of induced phospholipid synthesis during ciliary regeneration, the synthesis of ciliary proteins was found to be induced. This enhanced synthetic activity was made possible by an increased rate of intracellular protein degradation in regenerating cells. It was found that the extent of the induced synthesis strongly depends upon the growth conditions of the cells before starvation. Furthermore, it was shown that the degree of induced protein synthesis is greater for higher-molecular-weight ciliary proteins than for lower-molecular-weight species.
Growth of normal mouse vaginal epithelial cells in and on collagen gels. (1983)

Sustained growth in primary culture of vaginal epithelial cells from ovariectomized adult BALB/cCrgl mice embedded within or seeded on collagen gel matrix was achieved in a serum-free medium composed of Ham's F-12 medium/Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, 1:1 (vol/vol), supplemented with insulin, bovine serum albumin fraction V, epidermal growth factor, cholera toxin, and transferrin. Three-dimensional growth of vaginal epithelial cells occurred inside the collagen gel matrix. Cell numbers increased 4- to 8-fold in collagen gel and about 4-fold on collagen gel after 9-10 days in culture. The effect of 17 beta-estradiol (0.00018-180 nM in gel or 0.018-180 nM on gel) and diethylstilbestrol (DES; 0.0186-186 nM in gel) on the growth of vaginal epithelial cells was examined. The addition of estrogen did not enhance the growth of vaginal epithelial cells during this time period either in the complete medium or in a suboptimal medium. Cultures on floating collagen gels in the serum-free medium are composed of 1-3 cell layers with superficial cornification. Estrogen does not appear to be a direct mitogen for vaginal epithelial cells, at least in this system.
Study on the system of a capsule endoscope driven by an outer rotational magnetic field (2006)

The system studied in this paper consists of a capsule endoscope and an external system. The exterior of the capsule endoscope is a spiral surface with a pair of magnetic bars. Inside the CE, there are an optical system, a CMOS image sensor and its circuit, a power supply, a power control circuit, and a radio transmitting circuit. The external system produces a rotational magnetic field and contains several main parts: three fixed magnet resistance transducers, two pairs of electromagnetic coils at every other 90deg, the basement of the electromagnetic coils and tracks, a control circuit, and a scheduling circuit. The magnet resistance transducers track the movement of the capsule endoscope and the electromagnetic coils control it to move forward and backward for the purpose of observation. A tester is set up to simulate the action of a rotating magnetic field and three capsule endoscope samples with a spiral surface are fabricated to perform the functions of imaging and delivering. Then, experiments that the samples move in off-body pig intestine are carried out. It is found that when the intensity of the outer magnetic field is about 500 Oe, the active torque on the samples is about 1.0 mN.m. When the diameter of the samples is less than 20 mm, the capsule endoscope can move normally in off-body pig intestine under the outer rotational magnetic field
Developing national scholarly information infrastructure ‐ some Australian experiences (1997)

This paper explores some aspects of the collaborative achievement by Australian university libraries, documents the benefits accrued collectively to the clients of Australian academic libraries and overviews the contributions of some key bodies to the development of Australia's scholarly communication and information infrastructure.
Port-Compatibility and Connectability Based Assembly Design (2004)

In Computer-Aided Design, when creating the solid model of a part, the designer knows how the part will interface with other parts, however this information is not stored with the part model. For catalog parts, it would be useful to be able to embed this assembly information into the part model in order to automate the process of applying mating constraints, to reduce the assembly designer’s effort or to allow for automated exploration of alternative configurations. This research evaluates and compares different schemes for capturing the attributes of assembly interfaces and appending that information to solid models. To evaluate the various schemes, this research work introduces the concept of assembly ports, which are defined as a group of one or more low-level geometric entities that undergo mating constraints in order to join parts in a CAD assembly. The schemes studied involve (i) different combinations of ways to constitute ports and include labeling, (ii) different bases for determining port compatibility with respect to design intent, and (iii) different ways of evaluating connectability with respect to part geometry. The scheme that we conclude is best minimizes the number of ways the system will try to put parts together at the expense of effort from the solid model designer to provide more information.
Trajectories Through Early Christinity. By James M. Robinson and Helmut Koester. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1971. xii + 297 pp. $9.95. (1972)

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Filter Design and Analysis in Frequency Domain for Server Scheduling and Optimization (2010)

Internet traffic often exhibits a structure with rich high-order statistical properties like self-similarity and long-range dependency (LRD). This greatly complicates the problem of server performance modeling and optimization. Existing tools like queuing models in most cases only hold in mean value analysis under the assumption of simplified traffic structures. In this paper, we present a filter model to characterize the relationship among the factors of server capacity, request scheduling, and service quality for general input traffic. By the model, a server scheduler operates as an finite-duration impulse response (FIR) filter that transforms request processes into workload processes with the objective of minimizing load variation or overload probability, and meanwhile, without violating request response deadlines as defined in service-level agreements. We present a design and analysis of the filter for traffic with strong LRD in the frequency domain. Most Internet traffic has monotonically decreasing strength of variation functions over frequency. For this type of input traffic, we prove that optimal schedulers must have a convex structure. Uniform resource allocation is an extreme case of the convexity and is proved to be optimal for Poisson traffic. We integrate the convex structural principle with the Generalized Processor Sharing (GPS) discipline and show that the enhanced GPS policy improves the service quality significantly. Furthermore, we show that the presence of LRD in the input traffic results in shift of variation strength from high frequency to lower frequency bands and consequently leads to a degradation of the service quality.