gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The 2008 Carl Ludwig Lecture: retrotrapezoid nucleus, CO <sub>2</sub> homeostasis, and breathing automaticity (2008)

The retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) contains 2,000 glutamatergic neurons that innervate selectively the respiratory centers of the pontomedullary region. These cells are at the ventral medullary surface in a previously identified chemosensitive region. RTN neurons are highly sensitive to acid in vitro and vigorously activated by inputs from the carotid body and from the hypothalamus in vivo. Mutations of the transcription factor Phox2b cause the congenital hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS), a disease characterized by extremely reduced chemoreflexes and the loss of breathing automaticity during sleep. RTN neurons express Phox2b and develop poorly in a mouse model of CCHS, which lacks chemoreflexes. Based on these and other data, I propose that the RTN is a critical nodal point for the homeostatic regulation of arterial PCO2 and that the nucleus operates as follows. RTN always contributes a major fraction of the tonic excitatory drive to the respiratory centers. RTN neurons derive their activity from two sources: a chemosensory drive (intrinsic chemosensitivity and inputs from the carotid bodies) and synaptic inputs from higher brain centers (non-chemosensory drive). Under anesthesia or non-rapid eye movement sleep, the chemosensory drive to RTN neurons dominates, and, under these circumstances, the excitatory input from RTN to the respiratory controller is required for breathing automaticity. During waking and exercise, RTN contributes a reduced fraction of the total excitatory drive to the respiratory controller, but this fraction remains essential for CO2 homeostasis because of its exquisite chemosensitivity. The working hypothesis could explain the breathing deficits experienced by CCHS patients.
Intermediate Temperature SOFC Based on Fully Integrated Plasma Sprayed Components (2003)

Abstract This work addresses the fabrication of membrane-type SOFCs, operating at an intermediate temperature using all components fabricated by plasma spray technology, and to evaluate the performance of the SOFC single unit at a temperature range of 500-800 0C. Single cells composed of a LaSrMnO3 (“LSM”) cathode, LaSrGaMgO3 (“LSGM”) electrolyte and a Ni/YSZ anode, were fabricated in successive atmospheric plasma spraying processes. Plasma spraying processes have been optimized and tailored to each layer in order to achieve a high porosity cathode or anode layer as well as a high density electrolyte layer. Major effort has been devoted to the production of the LSGM electrolyte film with high density and free-cracking. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the conductivity of the electrode layers and particularly the resistance of the electrolyte layer. It was revealed that the heat treatment had a great influence on the specific conductivity of the sprayed electrolyte layer, and that the specific conductivity of the heat-treated one was dramatically increased to the same magnitude as that of a sintered LSGM pellet. The experimental results have demonstrated that the plasma spray process has great potential for the integrated fabrication of the medium temperature SOFC units.
N‐linked oligosaccharide processing is not necessary for glycoprotein secretion in plants (1996)

The role of N-glycans in the secretion of glycoproteins by suspension-cultured sycamore cells was studied. The transport of glycoproteins to the extracellular compartment was investigated in the presence of a glycan-processing inhibitor, castanospermine. Castanospermine has been selected because it inhibits homogeneously glycan maturation in sycamore cells and leads to the accumulation of a single immature N-glycan. The structure of this glycan has been identified as Glc3Man7GlcNAc2 by labeling experiments, affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose and proton NMR. In contrast with previous results showing that N-glycosylation is a prerequisite for secretion of N-linked glycoproteins, this secretion is not affected by the presence of castanospermine. As a consequence, the presence of this unprocessed glycan is sufficient for an efficient secretion of glycoproteins in the extracellular compartment of suspension-cultured sycamore cells.
Design of a dual‐beam antenna used for base station of cellular mobile radios (1997)

In this paper, a design method is presented for a base station dual-beam antenna appropriate for the six-sector wireless zone configuration in mobile communication. Two radiating elements are installed on the main reflector. These radiating elements are formed by hybrid circuits. The dual-beam antenna is characterized by its superiority in reducing the number of antennas to be installed and in cost effectiveness. In this paper, the beamwidth in the horizontal plane is 60°. With a view to reducing the wind load, antenna structural parameters (main reflector width, spacing of the radiating elements, and spacing between the main reflector and the radiating elements) are found so that the antenna width becomes as small as possible. In addition, the structural parameters reducing the sidelobe level are obtained. Further, the sidelobe level is reduced by about 5 dB by installing side reflectors on the main reflector. By installing a parasitic element in front of the radiating element, the main reflector width is reduced from 1.1λ to 0.75λ, so that the antenna size is reduced by about 25%. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 80(12): 38–46, 1997
[Ph<sub>4</sub>P]<sub>2</sub>[V<sub>2</sub>(SC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>S)<sub>4</sub>]·4MeOH: The First Polynuclear Vanadium‐Sulfur Complex with Pure Sulfur Coordination (1983)

Abstract The complete manuscript of this communication appears in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1983 , 1176. DOI: 10.1002/anie.198311760
The graph search machine (GSM): A VLSI architecture for connected speech recognition and other applications (1987)

A programmable VLSI architecture is described for efficiently computing a variety of kernel operations for speech recognition. These operations include dynamic programming for isolated and connected word recognition using both the template matching approach and the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) approach, the use of finite-state grammars (FSG) for connected word recognition, and metric computations for vector quantization and distance measurement. These are collectively referred to as "graph search" operations since a diagram consisting of arcs and nodes is commonly used to illustrate the HMM or FSG. As well as being able to efficiently compute a wide class of speech processing operations, the architecture is useful in other areas such as image processing. A chip design has been completed using 1.75-µm CMOS design rules and combines both custom and standard cell aproaches.
Sound and Music in A Mixed Martial Arts Gym: Exploring the Functions and Effects of Organized Noise as an Aid to Training and Fighting (2014)

This paper has two distinct yet interrelated parts. First, it is a study into the sociology of sound and music—an exploration of how the phenomena of noise organizes and structures human behavior. Second, it is an auditory ethnographic excursion into the world of mixed martial arts (MMA) fighting. Using a general qualitative approach grounded by the soundscape, participant observation and semi-structured interviews, we query MMA fighters’ experiences with sound and music, noting how these “sonic things” become key aids in bonding, training, and fighting. Lastly, we describe how participants use music to achieve various motivational and psychophysical outcomes.
Immunochemical characterization of a heat-stable surface antigen of Mycoplasma pulmonis expressing both species-specific and strain-specific determinants (1984)

We sought to characterize the strain-specific antigens of four strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis (47, 63, Negroni, and 19612) by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. Although the strains possessed a number of common antigens, type-specific antigens of 0.32 mobility (bovine albumin was assigned a value of 1) were detected in strains 47 and 63. Strains 19612 and Negroni cross-reacted and represented a third group. Each strain possessed a major heat-stable antigen complex of 0.32 mobility characterized by a faster-moving component of 0.55 mobility. Monospecific antiserum to heat-stable antigen 0.32 of strain 63 demonstrated that this antigen complex consisted of at least three antigen-antibody precipitating systems characterized by type-specific and group-specific determinants. Adsorption of antiserum with whole cells revealed that the 0.32 antigen complex was surface exposed. The antigen complex is pronase sensitive and only partially sensitive to periodate. Purification of antigen 0.32 from detergent-extracted cells by affinity chromatography using monospecific antiserum revealed two major polypeptides of 86,500 and 83,500 dalton which reacted strongly with monospecific antiserum by immunoblotting. These reactive polypeptides were present in all strains examined. Additional polypeptides of different molecular weights in strains 19612 and Negroni produced strong reactions with monospecific antiserum, although sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of the two strains were strikingly similar. Common heat-stable antigens were observed also. This study demonstrates that M. pulmonis strains possess an antigenically variable heat-stable surface antigen which is unique in that it contains not only strain-specific determinants but also species-specific determinants.
Evaluation of intrinsic respiratory signal determination methods for 4D CBCT adapted for mice (2014)

The modified Amsterdam shroud, Fourier transform, and intensity respiratory signal methods are sufficiently accurate to be used for 4D imaging on the X-RAD system and show improvement over the existing center of mass method. The intensity and modified Amsterdam shroud methods are recommended due to their high accuracy and low dependence on ROI size.
Glucosylceramide synthase is essential for alfalfa defensin‐mediated growth inhibition but not for pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> (2007)

Antifungal defensins, MsDef1 and MtDef4, from Medicago spp., inhibit the growth of a fungal pathogen, Fusarium graminearum, at micromolar concentrations. However, molecular mechanisms by which they inhibit the growth of this fungus are not known. We have characterized a functional role of the fungal sphingolipid glucosylceramide in regulating sensitivity of the fungus to MsDef1 and MtDef4. A null mutation of the FgGCS1 gene encoding glucosylceramide synthase results in a mutant lacking glucosylceramide. The DeltaFggcs1-null mutant becomes resistant to MsDef1, but not to MtDef4. It shows a significant change in the conidial morphology and displays dramatic polar growth defect, and its mycelia are resistant to cell wall degrading enzymes. Contrary to its essential role in the pathogenicity of a human fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans, GCS1 is not required for the pathogenicity of F. graminearum. The DeltaFggcs1 mutant successfully colonizes wheat heads and corn silk, but its ability to spread in these tissues is significantly reduced as compared with the wild-type PH-1 strain. In contrast, it retains full virulence on tomato fruits and Arabidopsis thaliana floral and foliar tissues. Based on our findings, we conclude that glucosylceramide is essential for MsDef1-mediated growth inhibition of F. graminearum, but its role in fungal pathogenesis is host-dependent.
Diagnosis and management of infected prosthetic aortic grafts. (1991)

Infection of an aortic prosthetic graft represents one of the most difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to the vascular surgeon. The presentation of this complication, the degree of ischemia of the lower extremities, and the overall medical status of the patient determine the urgency and optimal treatment to maximize limb salvage and survival. Although partial or total graft preservation can be a treatment option if the infection is localized to the distal limb of an aortofemoral graft and all anastomoses are intact, treatment of an infected aortic prosthetic graft often requires total graft excision, preferably preceded by revascularization of the lower extremities through lateral uninfected routes. Careful selection of the many time-honored and newly developed diagnostic and treatment modalities is necessary to lower morbidity and mortality rates in patients with this complication.
Affinity of single <i>S. cerevisiae</i> cells to 2‐NBDglucose under changing substrate concentrations (2004)

A multiparameter flow cytometry approach is presented that enables, for the first time, for analysis of the affinity of individual S. cerevisiae cells to glucose. Besides the adjustment of the yeast cell metabolism to extracellular glucose concentrations by altering their affinity to glucose, at least one further mechanism is clearly involved. Two subpopulations of cells were resolved, with different affinities not correlated with other cellular parameters measured.
Rate Transient Analysis in Naturally Fractured Shale Gas Reservoirs (2008)

Abstract Shale gas reservoirs have been observed to exhibit a half slope on a log-log plot of rate against time. This indicates transient linear behavior and is believed to be caused by drainage from matrix surfaces into the adjoining fractures. A standard test case for the slab matrix transient dual porosity model is presented in this paper. It is shown in this paper that various shape factor formulations can be used in the transient dual porosity model provided that corresponding appropriate changes are made in the solution parameters and the interporosity flow parameter. It is also shown in this paper that different matrix geometry exhibit the same transient linear response when the area-volume ratios are similar. This paper also presents a procedure incorporating a rectangular geometry dual porosity model to analyze the transient linear flow regime obtained in naturally fractured shale gas reservoirs. This procedure allows the use of different matrix geometries.
cAMP induces a rapid and reversible modification of the chemotactic receptor in Dictyostelium discoideum. (1985)

Stimulation, within 1 min after cAMP stimulation, of aggregation-competent Dictyostelium discoideum amebae was found to cause a rapid (within 1 min) modification of the cell's surface cAMP receptor. The modified receptor migrated on SDS PAGE as a 47,000-mol-wt protein, as opposed to a 45,000-mol-wt protein labeled on unstimulated cells. The length of time this modified receptor could be detected depended upon the strength of the cAMP stimulus: 3-4 min after treatment with 10(-7) M cAMP, cells no longer possessed the 47,000-mol-wt form of the cAMP receptor. Instead, the 45,000-mol-wt form was present. Stimulation of cells with 10(-5) M cAMP, however, resulted in the persistent (over 15 min) expression of the modified receptor. The time course, concentration dependence, and specificity of stimulus for this cAMP-induced shift in the cAMP receptor were found to parallel the cAMP-stimulated phosphorylation of a 47,000-mol-wt protein. In addition, both phenomena were shown to occur in the absence of endogenous cAMP synthesis. The possibility that the cAMP receptor is phosphorylated in response to cAMP stimulation, and the role of this event in cell desensitization, are discussed.
Importance of serum prolactin determination in metastatic breast cancer patients. (2004)

Hyperprolactinemia could be an indicator of disease progression and poor prognosis in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
A modular detector for flow cytometric multicolor fluorescence measurements (1987)

A modular detector for measuring multicolor fluorescence from cells illuminated by single or multiple lasers has been developed for flow cytometers. Motion picture projector, camera, and CCTV/video lenses were evaluated for use in the detector by comparing their physical characteristics, image quality, and light collection efficiencies. A 25-mm focal length F/0.95 CCTV lens was selected, based on our criteria and test results. The detector was constructed out of square aluminum extrusion channels. A CCTV lens mounted on the outside of the first channel collected light emitted from cells and collimated it towards filters and secondary CCTV lenses located in each channel. The secondary lenses functioned as relay optics for directing and focusing light onto pinhole spatial filters for measurement by photomultipliers. The detector design allowed any number of channels to be connected together and the versatility for making simultaneous or sequential measurements. Measurements on lymphocytes labeled with four monoclonal antibodies conjugated to fluorescent dyes and measurements on viable tumor cells stained for DNA content and with three fluorescent-labeled antibodies were used to demonstrate the detector's capabilities.
Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR Assay for Detection of Senecavirus A in Swine Vesicular Diagnostic Specimens (2016)

Senecavirus A (SV-A), formerly, Seneca Valley virus (SVV), has been detected in swine with vesicular lesions and is thought to be associated with swine idiopathic vesicular disease (SIVD), a vesicular disease syndrome that lacks a defined causative agent. The clinical presentation of SIVD resembles that of other more contagious and economically devastating vesicular diseases, such as foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), swine vesicular disease (SVD), and vesicular stomatitis (VS), that typically require immediate rule out diagnostics to lift restrictions on animal quarantine, movement, and trade. This study presents the development of a sensitive, SYBR Green RT-qPCR assay suitable for detection of SV-A in diagnostic swine specimens. After testing 50 pigs with clinical signs consistent with vesicular disease, 44 (88%) were found to be positive for SV-A by RT-qPCR as compared to none from a negative cohort of 35 animals without vesicular disease, indicating that the assay is able to successfully detect the virus in an endemic population. SV-A RNA was also detectable at a low level in sera from a subset of pigs that presented with (18%) or without (6%) vesicular signs. In 2015, there has been an increase in the occurrence of SV-A in the US, and over 200 specimens submitted to our laboratory for vesicular investigation have tested positive for the virus using this method. SV-A RNA was detectable in all common types of vesicular specimens including swabs and tissue from hoof lesions, oral and snout epithelium, oral swabs, scabs, and internal organ tissues such as liver and lymph node. Genome sequencing analysis from recent virus isolates was performed to confirm target amplicon specificity and was aligned to previous isolates.
Muon catalyzed fusion, present and future (2019)

The novel proposal of the Muon Catalyzed Fusion (MCF) concept is brought to light employing recent results on its relevant cross sections. In 1993, Kino et al. proposed an innovative scheme of MCF, employing non-adiabatic calculations of muonic atom-nucleus collision in the energy range from 10−3 eV to 100 eV, whereby the fusion in flight along with the formation of muonic molecular resonances was revisited [1]. In 1994, Froelich independently calculated the cross section up to 2 keV, and found the behavior of like resonance [2]. In 1996, Kino et al. examined these resonances, and concluded that the resonances were not suitable for MCF [3]. As a result, the research has been continued to examine the possibility of non-resonant In-flight Muon Catalyzed Fusion (IFMCF) calculating the muonic atom-nucleus collision cross-section with an improved precision within the optical model for nuclear reactions. The resultant fusion cross section was 2000 barns at 1.4 keV [4] which should be good enough to be used as a fast neutron source [5]. A research program has been initiated to confirm these results theoretically as well as experimentally. For the sake of the theoretical analysis, a few-body computer code has been put forward to handle the nuclear reactions for nucleon transfer. In this paper, an innovative compact reactor concept is proposed, based on IFMCF. In this concept, muons are injected to a gas target of D2 and T2, which is pressurized aerodynamically by the Mach shock wave using a supersonic stream generated in a Laval nozzle [6], [7]. It generates the output power of 28 MW with 1019 cm−3s−1 of fusions by supplying fresh muons of 1016 cm−3s−1 providing 1000 times of catalyzed cycle of reactions. To maintain Q values > 1, assuming 30% efficiency for thermal to electric conversion, the energy supply for muon production can be as low as 8 GeV/muons. One of the possible applications of muon catalyzed fusion is transmutation of long-lived fission products (LLFPs).
Making interval-based clustering rank-aware (2011)

In online applications, such as online dating, users often query and rank large collections of structured items. Top results tend to be homogeneous, which hinders data exploration. For example, a dating website user who is looking for a partner between 20 and 40 years old, and who sorts the matches by income from higher to lower, will see a large number of matches in their late 30s who hold an MBA degree and work in the financial industry, before seeing any matches in different age groups and walks of life. An alternative to presenting results in a ranked list is to find clusters in the result space, identified by a combination of attributes that correlate with rank. Such clusters may describe matches between 35 and 40 with an MBA, matches between 25 and 30 who work in the software industry, etc., allowing for data exploration of ranked results.
An inexpensive constant efficiency SRM system (2016)

A prototype fractional HP SRM system was built and tested that demonstrates constant efficiency across a wide range of power output levels (varying torque and RPM). This system utilizes a new approach to co-design of the driver circuitry and motor coils to allow efficient coil energy reuse. The system employs standard construction techniques and extremely low cost components.
Inhibition of VEGF-A prevents the angiogenic switch and results in increased survival of <i>Apc</i> <sup>+/min</sup> mice (2007)

Anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibodies, in combination with chemotherapy, result in a survival benefit in patients with metastatic colorectal and non-small cell lung cancer, but little is known regarding the impact of anti-VEGF-A therapy on benign or premalignant tumors. The Apc+/min mice have been widely used as a model recapitulating early intestinal adenoma formation. To investigate whether tumor growth in Apc+/min mice is mediated by VEGF-A-dependent angiogenesis, we used two independent approaches to inhibit VEGF-A: monotherapy with a monoclonal antibody (Mab) targeting VEGF-A and genetic deletion of VEGF-A selectively in intestinal epithelial cells. Short-term (3 or 6 weeks) treatment with anti-VEGF-A Mab G6-31 resulted in a nearly complete suppression of adenoma growth throughout the small intestine. Growth inhibition by Mab G6-31 was associated with a decrease in vascular density. Long-term (up to 52 weeks) treatment with Mab G6-31 led to a substantial increase in median survival. Deletion of VEGF-A in intestinal epithelial cells of Apc+/min mice yielded a significant inhibition of tumor growth, albeit of lesser magnitude than that resulting from Mab G6-31 administration. These results establish that inhibition of VEGF-A signaling is sufficient for tumor growth cessation and confers a long-term survival benefit in an intestinal adenoma model. Therefore, VEGF-A inhibition may be a previously uncharacterized strategy for the prevention of the angiogenic switch and growth in intestinal adenomas.
Techbits (July 2003) (2003)

Techbits - No abstract available.