gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Age on Testicular Function and Consequences of Testosterone Treatment<sup>1</sup> (2001)

Testosterone and gonadotropins. Several studies demonstrate that the serum testosterone concentration declines with increasing age. In one cross-sectional study of 83 healthy men, the free testosterone concentration declined by age 80 to approximately 40% of that at age 20, but because the serum concentration of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) increased during this age span, the serum concentration of total testosterone declined only to approximately 80% of that at age 20 (1). In another cross-sectional study of 71 healthy men, aged 26–90 yr, living in similar circumstances, the 33 younger men had a mean free testosterone concentration of 10.7 6 3.4 ng/dL (sd) and the 38 older men had a mean free testosterone concentration of 5.8 ng/dL (P , 0.01) (2). Total serum testosterone concentrations in the two groups were 659 6 201 ng/dL and 490 6 160 ng/dL, respectively (P , 0.01). In a third cross-sectional study in 810 healthy men mostly between 50 and 84 yr old, the serum bioavailable testosterone concentration declined by approximately 55– 60%, but the serum total testosterone concentration did not decline at all (3). In one longitudinal study, 39 healthy men whose mean serum total testosterone concentration was 633 6 22 ng/dL (se) when they enrolled in a study of aging in 1980 had a mean value of 464 6 33 ng/dL in 1994 (4). In another longitudinal study of 890 men, both total testosterone and the ratio of testosterone to SHBG decreased with age (Fig. 1) (5). The decline in testicular function appears to involve a combination of primary and secondary hypogonadism. A gradual increase in the serum concentration of LH indicates a degree of primary hypogonadism. In a cross-sectional study, the mean serum LH concentration in 33 men of an average age of 37 yr was 1.9 6 0.6 ng/mL and in 38 men of an average age of 71 yr was 2.2 6 0.6 ng/mL (2). In a longitudinal study, 39 men whose mean LH was 9.4 6 0.4 (se) mIU/mL when they enrolled in 1980 had a mean value of 13.7 6 1.3 mIU/mL in 1994 (4). However, the findings that LH secretory burst amplitude decreases with increasing age and that this decrease was the most prominent determinant of decreased testosterone secretion indicates a degree of secondary hypogonadism (6). This conclusion is supported by the failure of LH secretion to respond to drug-induced reduction of the serum testosterone concentration in old men as well as in young men (7).
Feasibility Study of the Impregnation of a No-Insulation HTS Coil Using Solder (2017)

This paper reports the feasibility of the impregnation of no-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils using solder. NI coils are widely studied and used in many situations. To utilize an HTS coil under high mechanical loads such as field coils for rotating machines, the HTS tapes must be stabilized mechanically. Epoxy impregnation is a common method to protect the HTS field from mechanical disturbances caused by the magnetic field and rotational vibration of the rotor to enhance the mechanical stability. However, traditional epoxy resins are electrical insulating materials which might cause the turn-to-turn contact resistance of NI coils to increase. Therefore, we proposed a new kind of impregnation method using the electrically conductive material, solder. Two coils were fabricated and tested for comparison. One is the NI coil without impregnation and the other is the NI coil impregnated with solder. The charge–discharge and sudden-discharge tests were performed in liquid nitrogen at 77 K. The experimental results were studied with equivalent circuit analyses. The results of this paper could provide useful data for the application of solder impregnated NI HTS coils.
Multivariate Analysis of Predictors of Cerebral Vasospasm Occurrence After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (1999)

Age <50 years, good neurological grade, and hyperglycemia were all associated with an increased risk of cerebral vasospasm whereas treatment was not. This provides a basis for future clinical prospective randomized trials comparing both treatments.
Role of p21waf1/cip1 in effects of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer cells (2005)

Clinical studies have shown that oxaliplatin, a novel platinum derivative, is a potent chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer when combined with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin. Although the toxic activity is based on covalent adducts between platinum and DNA, its actual biological behavior is mostly unknown. In an effort to explore the mechanism of tumor susceptibility to oxaliplatin, we examined the cytotoxic effects of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer cell lines in reference to p53 gene status. Although p53 gene status did not clearly predict sensitivity to oxaliplatin, p53 wild-type cells including HCT116 were sensitive but HCT116 p53-/- were found to be resistant to oxaliplatin. Oxaliplatin caused strong p21waf1/cip1 induction and G0-G1 arrest in p53 wild-type cells, whereas cisplatin did not induce G0-G1 arrest. Assays using p53 wild but p21waf1/cip1 null HCT116 cells revealed that oxaliplatin did not show G0-G1 arrest and reduced growth-inhibitory effects, suggesting that p21waf1/cip1 may be a key element in oxaliplatin-treated p53 wild-type cells. Although HCT116 is DNA mismatch repair-deficient, a mismatch repair-proficient HCT116+ch3 cell line displayed similar responses with regard to p21waf1/cip1-mediated growth inhibition and G0-G1 arrest. In p53 mutant cells, on the other hand, oxaliplatin caused an abrupt transition from G1 to S phase and eventually resulted in G2-M arrest. This abrupt entry into S phase was associated with loss of the p21waf1/cip1 protein via proteasome-mediated degradation. These findings suggest that p21waf1/cip1 plays a role in oxaliplatin-mediated cell cycle and growth control in p53-dependent and -independent pathways.
4D scan registration with the SR-3000 LIDAR (2008)

An algorithm and data management scheme is presented to utilize the data output of the SR-3000, a 3D LIDAR sensor. The SR-3000 generates a 4D point cloud at video frame rates where each point is described by its 3D coordinates and its optical intensity. The implementation of each major component of the algorithm is described, including a projective ICP algorithm, reverse calibration equations for the SR-3000 sensor, the processing of the intensity data, and a point selection algorithm which includes the use of a 3D volume feature extraction algorithm. This ICP based alignment algorithm is used in the context of a data management scheme that stores and retrieves scan data and intermediate data products to realize pseudo-global scan alignment, data compression, and real time data display.
Preclinical Pharmacology of Diprafenone (1990)

The development of antiarrhythmic agents and their eventual clinical success depend predominantly on two aspects: efficacy and safety. In the setting of drug development, these data are acquired from a variety of pre-clinical studies conducted in animal models intended to mimic the clinical setting. Diprafenone, a dimethyl analog of propafenone (Fig. 1), is undergoing extensive clinical development in Europe and the United States. A limited number of studies have reported on the cellular electrophysiological properties of the drug [20, 36], as well as its antiarrhythmic efficacy in animal models [13, 36, 29]. Results of recent clinical testing of diprafenone in patients have correlated reasonably well with the pre-clinical arrhythmia models. Manz et al. [23] studied the effects of diprafenone in 31 patients and reported that the drug increased refractoriness throughout the heart (atria, ventricle, A-V node). In addition, these authors reported that diprafenone (1.5 mg/kg, i.v.) was also effective in suppressing programmed electrical stimulation (PES)-induced supraventricular tachycardia in 12 of 17 patients and PES-induced ventricular tachycardia in seven of 10 patients. Heur et al. [16] reported that diprafenone was effective in 21 of 27 patients for controlling ventricular arrhythmias in patients that were refractory to other antiarrhythmic drug therapies. Kunze and Kuck [21] have shown that oral diprafenone (100 mg, t.i.d.) was effective in 13/15 patients in preventing recurrences of supraventricular tachycardia (WPW syndrome) during 10 months of follow-up.
PROTON MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND INFRARED SPECTRA OF SOME ION-EXCHANGE RESIN—SOLVENT SYSTEMS (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPROTON MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND INFRARED SPECTRA OF SOME ION-EXCHANGE RESIN—SOLVENT SYSTEMSJohn E. GordonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 6, 1150–1158Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100812a043https://doi.org/10.1021/j100812a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Development of a virtual pump water flow meter using power derived from comprehensive energy loss analysis (2016)

Water flow rates are key controlled variables in chilled and hot water systems. The water flow rate through a pump can be virtually determined using a measured pump head and input power. Available input power can be either motor input power obtained from the connected variable-frequency drive or variable-frequency drive input power measured by a power meter. The harmonics created by the variable-frequency drive induce additional energy loss in the motor and consequently degrade the motor efficiency. The objective of this article is to evaluate a virtual pump water flow meter using either the variable-frequency drive input power or motor input power with calibrated pump, motor and variable-frequency drive efficiencies along with the consideration of additional harmonic energy loss. First, the water flow correlation with the measured pump head and available power input is discussed, then the calibration procedure is introduced to identify three efficiencies, and finally the experiment is conducted to develop and validate a virtual pump water flow meter on a pump motor variable-frequency drive system. The experimental results show that the water flow rates determined by the virtual water flow meter agrees well with the results measured by a physical water flow meter with the coefficient of determination of 0.91and 0.97, respectively.
Tryptophan Mutants in Arabidopsis: The Consequences of Duplicated Tryptophan Synthase b Genes (1991)

Robert L. Last, Peter H. Bissinger, Deborah J. Mahoney, Elaine R. Radwanski, Gerald R. Fink, Tryptophan Mutants in Arabidopsis: The Consequences of Duplicated Tryptophan Synthase β Genes, The Plant Cell, Vol. 3, No. 4 (Apr., 1991), pp. 345-358
Evaluation of a Pilot Polymer Flood in the Marmul Field, Oman (1988)

ABSTRACT In view of the high permeability, fairly high oil viscosity, moderate reservoir temperature, low salinity formation water and availability of low salinity injection water, the Marmul A1 Khlata formation was considered a good candidate for polymer flooding. A pilot consisting of an unconfined 5-spot on a 200 m spacing was initiated in May 1986. After the injection of a water preflush of 0. 23 PV, a polymer slug of 0. 63 PV and a water postflush of 0.34 PV, the total oil production was 59% of STOIIP. The injection of polymer resulted in a sharp increase in oilcut in all four wells. From the viscosity/concentration relationship of the produced polymer and from a detailed rheological characterisation it was shown that no significant degradation of the polymer has occurred. A satisfactory history match of the oilcut response and of the polymer production was obtained with a numerical simulator. From the simulation results and from analytical calculations it was deduced that the reduction of oil in place in the pilot area since the beginning of the preflush was some 50% of STOIIP. This indicates that a pattern polymer flood in the pilot region offers scope for an increase in ultimate recovery of some 25% to 35% of STOIIP compared to primary production with aquifer support. The corresponding amount of polymer is about 2.3 to 3.2 kg of active matter per additional m3 of oil (0.81–1.1 lb/bbl). In a forthcoming pilot extension project polymer flooding will be carried out in an unconfined 5-spot on the original 600 m Marmul well-spacing.
Evaluating spin-on carbon materials at low temperatures for high wiggling resistance (2013)

Spin-on carbon (SOC) materials play an important role in the multilayer lithography scheme for the mass production of advanced semiconductor devices. One of the SOC’s key roles in the multilayer process (photoresist, silicon-containing hardmask, SOC) is the reactive ion etch (RIE) for pattern transfer into the substrate. As aspect ratios of the SOC material increase and feature sizes decrease, the pattern transfer from SOC to substrate by a fluorine-containing RIE induces severe pattern deformation (“wiggling”), which ultimately prevents successful pattern transfer into the substrate. One process that reduces line wiggling is a high-temperature (>250°C) post-application bake of the SOC material. In this study, we developed a process for evaluating SOC materials with respect to their pattern transfer performance. This process allowed us to evaluate line-wiggling behavior with several SOC materials at lower bake temperatures. This paper will discuss novel materials design in relation to high-aspect-ratio SOC layers and wiggling resistance.
Stability of rigid motions and rollers in bicomponent flows of immiscible liquids (1985)

We consider the motion of two rings of liquids with different viscosities and densities lying between concentric cylinders that rotate with the same angular velocity Ω. Gravity is neglected and interfacial tension is included. We show that rigid motions are globally stable and that the shape of the interface which separates the two fluids is determined by a minimizing problem for a potential [Pscr ] defined as the negative of the sum of the kinetic energies of two rigid motions plus the surface energy of the interface. We show that the stable interface between fluids has a constant radius when heavy fluid is outside and $J = - d^3 [\![\rho]\!]\Omega^2/T$ is larger than four, where d is the mean radius, $[\![\rho]\!] < 0$ the density difference and T the surface tension. When J is negative the heavy fluid is inside and the interface must be corrugated. The potential of flows with heavy fluid outside is smaller, thus relatively more stable, than when light fluid is outside, whenever J is large or for any J when the volume ratio m of heavy to light fluid is greater than one. These results give partial explanation of the stability and shape of rollers of viscous oils rotating in water and the corrugation of the free surface of films coating rotating cylinders.
Molecular and functional characterization of V1b vasopressin receptor in rat adrenal medulla (1996)

In rat adrenal medulla, PCR experiments reveal the expression of messenger RNA encoding the gene for the V1b vasopressin receptor. Complementary DNA amplified sequences corresponded to the cloned rat pituitary V1b vasopressin receptor. Video microscopy experiments performed on fura-2-loaded adrenal medullary or adrenal glomerulosa cell primary cultures showed that vasopressin dose dependently mobilized intracellular calcium, suggesting that functional vasopressin receptors are expressed in these tissues. The use of d[D-3-Pal]vasopressin, a specific V1b vasopressin agonist, and SR 49059, a specific V1b vasopressin antagonist, revealed that V1b receptors are exclusively expressed in adrenal medulla. Using an indirect immunological approach (plasma membrane localization of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase), we demonstrated that stimulation of rat adrenal medulla V1b receptor leads to catecholamine secretion. More interestingly, PCR experiments performed on rat adrenal medulla RNA revealed that the arginine vasopressin-encoding gene is also expressed in this tissue. In addition, perifusion experiments indicated that [Arg8] vasopressin is released by the adrenal medulla. Together, these data suggest that vasopressin may regulate the adrenal functions by paracrine/autocrine mechanisms involving distinct vasopressin receptor subtypes: V1a in the adrenal cortex and V1b in the adrenal medulla.
Terminal regions of the NS-1 protein of the parvovirus minute virus of mice are involved in cytotoxicity and promoter trans inhibition (1992)

The nonstructural (NS) transcription unit of minute virus of mice (MVMp) encodes proteins that are involved in viral DNA replication and in the regulation of homologous and heterologous promoters. Moreover, it has been shown that NS-protein accumulation is toxic for transformed cells. With the aim of identifying the NS-protein function(s) responsible for cytotoxicity, point mutations and deletions were introduced in the NS-protein-coding sequence of MVMp. This strategy indicated that in transformed human NBE cells, the NS-1 protein is indispensable for MVMp DNA replication, trans activation of the late parvoviral promoter P38, trans inhibition of the long terminal repeat promoter of the Rous sarcoma virus, and cytotoxicity. Moreover, some mutations led to the dissociation of the replicative and regulatory functions of the NS-1 protein and showed that cytotoxicity correlated with the latter, more particularly with the capacity to trans inhibit the heterologous promoter. The NS-1 sequences required for cytotoxicity were found to be restricted to the amino- and carboxy-terminal portions of the protein. Although the cytotoxicities of NS-1 extremities were weak when the extremities were tested separately, the cytotoxicities were comparable to that of the full protein when the extremities were fused. Interestingly, an overall negative charge can be predicted from the NS-1 sequence over about 100 amino acids at both ends. The conservation of this charge distribution among the NS proteins of different parvoviruses suggests that NS-1 may bear some similarities to acidic transcriptional activators.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of 5‐Acyl‐6‐substituted‐3‐cyano‐2(1H)‐pyridinones. (1990)

Abstract Treatment of the diketones (Ia) and (Ib), which bear different substituents R1 and R2, with cyanoacetamide (III) leads to formation of regioisomeric mixtures (IVa)/(IVc) + (IVb)/(IVd) of the title compounds.
Analytical modeling of set-associative cache behavior (1999)

Cache behavior is complex and inherently unstable, yet it is a critical factor affecting program performance. A method of evaluating cache performance is required, both to give quantitative predictions of miss-ratio and information to guide optimization of cache use. Traditional cache simulation gives accurate predictions of miss-ratio, but little to direct optimization, Also, the simulation time is usually far greater than the program execution time. Several analytical models have been developed, but concentrate mainly on direct-mapped caches, often for specific types of algorithm, or to give qualitative predictions. Novel analytical models of cache phenomena are presented, applicable to numerical codes consisting mostly of array operations in looping constructs. Set-associative caches are considered, through an extensive hierarchy of cache reuse and interference effects, including numerous forms of temporal and spatial locality. Models of each effect are given which, when combined, predict the overall miss-ratio. An advantage is that the models also indicate sources of cache interference. The accuracy of the models is validated through example program fragments. The predicted miss-ratios are compared with simulations and shown typically to be within 15 percent. The evaluation time of the models is shown to be independent of the problem size, generally several orders of magnitude faster than simulation.
A convenient synthesis of nanocrystalline chalcopyrite, CuFeS<sub>2</sub> using single‐source precursors (2009)

Abstract Nanocrystalline chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ) have been synthesized using single‐source precursors, CuL 2 and Cu(LH) 2 Cl 2 (where LH = monoacetylferrocene thiosemicarbazone) by pyrolysis and solvothermal decomposition methods. The nanocrystals were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis. The magnetic character was determined by the hysteresis loop. CuFeS 2 nanocrystallites prepared by the pyrolysis of CuL 2 and Cu(LH) 2 Cl 2 have a cubic phase and rod‐like morphology with diameters of about 18 and 15 nm, respectively, and lengths of about 195–390 and 100–145 nm, respectively. However, CuFeS 2 nanoparticles obtained by solvothermal route from CuL 2 and Cu(LH) 2 Cl 2 , which are capped with ethylene glycol, possess a nearly spherical shape with an average grain size of 16 and 11 nm, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Calendering (2011)

Abstract Calendaring is essentially extruding a mass of material between successive pairs of corotating, parallel rolls to form a film or sheet. This process is widely used in the thermoplastics, rubber, textile, paper, and nonwoven fabrics industries.
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF ANTELOPE (ORYX BEATRIX) FROW BOMBAY ?, LATELY LIVING IN THE MENAGERIE OF THE SOCIETY (1857)

Form, more depressed-conic.Colour, white, with light brown epidermis, brown at lip and on operculum.Seulpture, lines of growth
Cross-lingual C*ST*RD (2003)

We present C*ST*RD, a cross-language information delivery system that supports cross-language information retrieval, information space visualization and navigation, machine translation, and text summarization of single documents and clusters of documents. C*ST*RD was assembled and trained within 1 month, in the context of DARPA's Surprise Language Exercise, that selected as source a heretofore unstudied language, Hindi. Given the brief time, we could not create deep Hindi capabilities for all the modules, but instead experimented with combining shallow Hindi capabilities, or even English-only modules, into one integrated system. Various possible configurations, with different tradeoffs in processing speed and ease of use, enable the rapid deployment of C*ST*RD to new languages under various conditions.
Thermoplastic Recording (1978)

Characteristics, fabrication, and write-read-erase procedure of a thermoplastic data recording medium are presented with experimental results describing diffraction efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio, residual image, sample surface condition, fatiguing, and infrared spectrum.