gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compressing similar image sets using low frequency template (2011)

In advance of the imaging capturing technology, large amount of similar images are created. Instead of compressing each similar image individually, removing the inter-image redundancy would reduce the storage and transmission time. However, only a few set redundancy methods are proposed to deal with the problem. In this paper, a new method was derived from a theoretical model by extracting the low frequency in an image set. For the similar images, the values of their low frequency components are very close to that of their neighboring pixel in the spatial domain. In our model, a low frequency template is created and used as a prediction for each image to compute its residue. This model proves the reduction in the entropy and hence the bit rates. Experiments were conducted and proved there were up to 30% gains over the existing methods.
<i>In vivo</i> primed mouse T cells selectively express T cell-specific serine proteinase-1 and the proteinase-like molecules granzyme B and C (1991)

Previous studies have shown that mouse CD8+ T lymphocyte clones (TLC) produce T cell-specific serine proteinase-1 (MTSP-1) as well as a family of six homologous molecules, termed granzymes B - G, which are structurally related to serine proteinases. Of these proteins, only MTSP-1 has been studied in detail. It has been shown to occur in the majority of CD8+ and a fraction of CD4+ T effector cells in vivo and in vitro and has demonstrable enzyme activity in these cells. The presence of the other serine proteinase-like molecules in T cells is less well defined. We have now analyzed the expression of mRNA species specific for granzymes B - G in activated T cell populations using the sensitive polymerase chain reaction which allows the detection of mRNA species from as little as 2 pg of total cytoplasmic RNA. We demonstrate that MTSP-1 and all six serine proteinase-like transcripts are expressed in a panel of four CD8+ and six CD4+ long-term-cultured TLC, though at greatly differing concentrations. In contrast, in vivo primed T cells of both phenotypes, CD4+ and CD8+, and in vitro activated T cells derived from short-term cultures only express mRNA species specific for MTSP-1 and CCP1 and little of those for CCP2, but no transcripts for granzymes D - G. These findings argue against the participation of granzymes D - G in T cell-mediated functions in vivo.
Inhaled furosemide for relief of air hunger versus sense of breathing effort: a randomized controlled trial (2018)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02881866 . Retrospectively registered on 29th August 2018.
Pseudomorphic InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs mirrors for optical devices in the near-infrared 0.9–1.3 μm (1989)

We propose using pseudomorphic multilayers of InGaAs, GaAs, and AlGaAs in optical mirrors for near-infrared devices including surface-emitting lasers, bistable optical devices, and optical modulators. We demonstrate the growth of a Fabry–Perot etalon by molecular-beam epitaxy and characterize it optically (reflectance, transmittance, photoluminescence) and structurally (scanning electron microscopy and dislocation imaging). We find the optical characteristics of the etalon as a whole and the individual quarter-wave layers indicate high structural quality for the mirrors. This is in spite of the fact that the lattice constant of the etalon structure is slightly relaxed from that of the GaAs substrate. These results indicate that pseudomorphic mirrors are useful candidates for integrated optical devices.
Light-Emitting Diodes from Fluorene-Based π-Conjugated Polymers (2000)

We report the synthesis of novel fluorene-based π-conjugated polymers and the investigation of their electroluminescent properties in organic light-emitting devices. We also report on the photo- and electroluminescence of materials of the same class whose synthesis was recently published. The alternated incorporation of phenylene or thiophene moieties in fluorene-based π-conjugated polymers leads to the tunability of the electroluminescent properties. The spectral emission varies from blue to green or yellow, depending on the composition of the copolymers. To enhance the luminous efficiency of the devices, the hole injection and hole transport into the polymer were improved by insertion of an insulating buffer layer and the incorporation of efficient hole transport material in the polymer. The insertion of a charge injection layer such as LiF and a hole transport layer such as N,N‘-diphenyl-N,N‘-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1-biphenyl-4,4‘-diamine significantly improves the electroluminescence efficiency of the diode from 4.5 to 125 cd/m2.
Immediate Administration of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Spironolactone Prevents Post-Infarct Left Ventricular Remodeling Associated With Suppression of a Marker of Myocardial Collagen Synthesis in Patients With First Anterior Acute Myocardial Infarction (2003)

These findings indicate that MRA combined with ACE inhibitor can prevent post-infarct LV remodeling better than ACE inhibitor alone in association with the suppression of a marker of collagen synthesis.
Recent developments in the supramolecular chemistry of terpyridine–metal complexes (2004)

This critical review describes recent developments in the field of supramolecular chemistry of terpyridine-metal complexes. The synthesis and characteristics of single as well as multiple homo- and heterometallic complexes is discussed. Furthermore, complexes containing fullerenes, biological building blocks, extended aggregates of different architectures as well as rings are presented. A special emphasis is placed upon the properties (e.g. redox properties, luminescence etc.) of functional systems. Potential applications in optical nano-devices, molecular storage units, molecular switches and solar cells are discussed.
A transcription factor-binding domain of the coactivator CBP is essential for long-term memory and the expression of specific target genes (2006)

Transcriptional activation is a key process required for long-term memory formation. Recently, the transcriptional coactivator CREB-binding protein (CBP) was shown to be critical for hippocampus-dependent long-term memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. As a coactivator with intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity, CBP interacts with numerous transcription factors and contains multiple functional domains. Currently, it is not known which transcription factor-binding domain of CBP is essential for memory storage. Using mice that carry inactivating mutations in the CREB-binding (KIX) domain of the coactivator CBP (CBPKIX/KIX mice), we show that the KIX domain is required for long-term memory storage. These results are the first to identify an in vivo function for the KIX domain of CBP in the brain, and they suggest that KIX-interacting transcription factors recruit CBP histone acetyltransferase activity during long-term memory storage. One such KIX-interacting factor is the transcription factor CREB. Using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, we find that the expression of specific CREB target genes is reduced in the hippocampi of CBPKIX/KIX mice during memory consolidation. The recruitment of the transcriptional coactivator CBP via the KIX domain thus imparts target gene-dependent selectivity to CREB-driven transcriptional regulation, thereby activating genes required for the long-term storage of hippocampus-dependent memory.
Tunable, continuous-wave neodymium-doped monomode-fiber laser operating at 0900–0945 and 1070–1135 μm (1986)

A tunable Nd(3+)-doped monomode-fiber laser has been constructed that operates continuously at room temperature. The tuning range covered is 0.900-0.945 and 1.070-1.135 microm. Output powers of 3 mW for 53 mW of absorbed pump and 2 mW for 35 mW of absorbed pump, respectively, were achieved for the two ranges from pumping by a dye laser operating at 590 nm.
Voice Fundamental Frequency as an Auditory Supplement to the Speechreading of Sentences (1988)

Recognition of words in conversational sentences of known topic was measured in nine normally hearing subjects by speechreading alone and by speechreading supplemented with auditory presentation of the output of an electroglottograph. Mean word recognition probability rose from 30% to 77% with the addition of the acoustic signal. When this signal was filtered to remove possible high-frequency spectral cues, the supplemented score fell, but only by a marginally significant 7 percentage points, supporting the conclusion that voice fundamental frequency was the principal source of enhancement. Enhancement occurred for all subjects, regardless of speechreading competence.
Microecology, obesity, and probiotics (2008)

Recent evidence, in humans and animal models, supports a role for the microbiota in obesity. Not only is the presence of bacteria important, but also the relative proportions of microbial communities, specifically Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes, appear to be important in energy homeostasis. The microbiota may also affect the immune and inflammatory response in human organisms. Although there is limited data supporting the manipulation of the gut microbiota, using probiotics, antibiotics, and/or prebiotics to treat obesity, novel therapeutic agents may be developed.
Parametric excitation (1989)

It has long been known that a resonant system can be set into oscillation by periodically varying the parameters. A very extensive analysis was given by Rayleigh, who drew attention to analogies with rather different physical processes – the perturbation of a planetary orbit by another planet having a quite different period in some near-integral relationship, and the propagation of waves in periodically stratified media. This latter example relates to a phenomenon of much greater physical interest now than in Rayleigh's day since it is basic to Bragg reflection of X-rays and to the motion of electrons in solids. Nevertheless, these are analogies only in the sense that the same type of differential equation is involved in all of them, as well as in the theory of vibrating elliptical membranes. It can hardly be claimed that the solution of one of these problems adds anything to the intuitive understanding of another. A mathematical framework, however, is well worth having, for these are not easy problems. The examples presented here earn a place in their own right as showing yet another aspect of the variety of oscillatory phenomena in nature. At the same time, there are important technological applications in the form of parametric amplifiers, as will be discussed in outline at the end of the chapter.
Activation of urokinase receptor by a novel interaction between the connecting peptide region of urokinase and αvβ5 integrin (2006)

The serine protease urokinase (uPA) binds to the urokinase receptor (uPAR) through its growth-factor domain (GFD, residues 1-49), affecting cell migration, adhesion and growth. Here, we show that uPA can promote cytoskeletal rearrangements and directional cell migration in a GFD-independent manner, through a new and specific interaction between an internal uPA domain coined ;connecting peptide' (residues 132-158) and cell-surface integrin alpha v beta 5. Remarkably, a peptide corresponding to this region (CPp, residues 135-158) retains the ability to bind to alpha v beta 5, eliciting cytoskeletal rearrangements and directing cell migration at a concentration as low as 1-10 pM. These effects are lost in cells not expressing uPAR, indicating that the uPAR is required for CPp-dependent signaling. Furthermore, the CPp-alpha v beta 5-integrin interaction enhances F-actin-enriched protrusions and cell migration induced by the well-established interaction between the uPAR-binding peptide (GFDp, residues 12-32) of uPA and uPAR. These results provide new insight into the function of uPA, which--through individual domains--can engage two different surface receptors (uPAR and alpha v beta 5 integrin), thus initiating and potentiating intracellular signaling and migration.
SCALABLE VIDEO BY SOFTWARE (2005)

An error concealment scheme for Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) video networking is proposed. During video transmission, video packet loss occurs in the presence of network congestion and buffer overflow. This phenomenon of packet loss transforms into single or multiple macroblock loss in the decoding process, which can severely degrade the viewing quality. The new method differs from the conventional concealment by its exploitation of temporal redundancies in a large scale. In many applications where there is significant camera motion (e.g., remote surveillance), the evolution from frame to frame can be well described by the affine motion. The motion estimation is carried out by registering images within a multiresolution pyramid. The global motion is estimated in the lowest resolution level, and is then used to update and refine the local motion. The local motion is further refined iteratively at higher resolution levels. An affine transform is used to extract translation, scaling and rotation parameters.
Obstructive sleep apnea: focus on myofunctional therapy (2018)

The present review showed that OMT is effective for the treatment of adults in reducing the severity of OSA and snoring, and improving the quality of life. OMT is also successful for the treatment of children with residual apnea. In addition, OMT favors the adherence to continuous positive airway pressure. However, randomized and high-quality studies are still rare, and the effects of treatment should also be analyzed on a long-term basis, including measures showing if changes occurred in the musculature.
Acoustooptic TeO_2 tunable filter using far-off-axis anisotropic Bragg diffraction (1976)

Noncollinear acoustooptic tunable filters using TeO(2) crystals are described. An anisotropic Bragg diffraction is studied applying simple design expressions to a tilt type in which an acoustic wave is launched a little off the [110] axis. Tuning property, filter bandwidth, angular aperture, required acoustic power, deflection angle, divergenceless configuration, and rapid spectrum scanning have been discussed. These filter properties have been confirmed with measurements using three kinds of filter devices: a basic type, an acoustically enhanced type, and a large angular aperture type. A 5-A bandwidth at 4000 A was obtained by slow scanning. A 32-A separation at 4000 A was observed by a rapid scanning of 0.5 msec throughout the visible region with an extremely low electric drive power.
Highly Enantioselective Hydrophosphonylation of Aldehydes: Base‐Enhanced Aluminum–salalen Catalysis (2009)

The dimethyl phosphonate hydrophosphonylation of conjugated- and non-conjugated aldehydes into their corresponding α-hydroxy phosphonates was achieved using chiral aluminum–salalen complex 1 (see scheme). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Large-area patterning for photonic crystals via coherent diffraction lithography (2004)

A new method for lithographically patterning a large-area hexagonal lattice of circular holes is proposed, which is particularly suitable for the fabrication of 2D and 3D photonic crystals (PhC). The method, which we call coherent diffraction lithography (CDL), is based on the interference of beams diffracted from a mask containing a periodic pattern, often referred to as the Talbot effect. We demonstrate the replication of large-area hexagonal lattices using CDL, and investigate the most critical parameters of this technique.
Therapeutic Potential of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase, Monoacylglycerol Lipase, and <i>N</i>-Acylethanolamine Acid Amidase Inhibitors (2016)

Fatty acid ethanolamides (FAEs) and endocannabinoids (ECs) have been shown to alleviate pain and inflammation, regulate motility and appetite, and produce anticancer, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective efficacies via cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB<sub>1</sub>) or type 2 (CB<sub>2</sub>) or via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) stimulation. FAEs and ECs are synthesized by a series of endogenous enzymes, including N-acylphosphatidylethanolaminephospholipase D (NAPE-PLD), diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL), or phospholipase C (PLC), and their metabolism is mediated by several metabolic enzymes, including fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA), or cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Over the past decades, increasing the concentration of FAEs and ECs through the inhibition of degrading enzymes has been considered to be a viable therapeutic approach to enhance their antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as to protect the nervous system.
Co intake mediated formation of ultrathin nanosheets of transition metal LDH—an advanced electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (2014)

By controlling the ratio of tri- and bi-valent ions, multi-transition metal based layered double hydroxide (LDH) ultrathin nanosheets are synthesized. They show advanced OER performance with low overpotentials (∼0.2 V) and decreased Tafel slopes with increasing Co incorporation due to the modulated electronic structures of catalytic centers and the increased surface area and electronic conductivity.
Dopamine, cognitive function, and gamma oscillations: role of D4 receptors (2013)

Cognitive deficits in individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) are considered core symptoms of this disorder, and can manifest at the prodromal stage. Antipsychotics ameliorate positive symptoms but only modestly improve cognitive symptoms. The lack of treatments that improve cognitive abilities currently represents a major obstacle in developing more effective therapeutic strategies for this debilitating disorder. While D4 receptor (D4R)-specific antagonists are ineffective in the treatment of positive symptoms, animal studies suggest that D4R drugs can improve cognitive deficits. Moreover, recent work from our group suggests that D4Rs synergize with the neuregulin/ErbB4 signaling pathway, genetically identified as risk factors for SCZ, in parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons to modulate gamma oscillations. These high-frequency network oscillations correlate with attention and increase during cognitive tasks in healthy subjects, and this correlation is attenuated in affected individuals. This finding, along with other observations indicating impaired GABAergic function, has led to the idea that abnormal neural activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in individuals with SCZ reflects a perturbation in the balance of excitation and inhibition. Here we review the current state of knowledge of D4R functions in the PFC and hippocampus, two major brain areas implicated in SCZ. Special emphasis is given to studies focusing on the potential role of D4Rs in modulating GABAergic transmission and to an emerging concept of a close synergistic relationship between dopamine/D4R and neuregulin/ErbB4 signaling pathways that tunes the activity of PV interneurons to regulate gamma frequency network oscillations and potentially cognitive processes.
SpliceArray Profiling of Breast Cancer Reveals a Novel Variant of <i>NCOR2/SMRT</i> That Is Associated with Tamoxifen Resistance and Control of <i>ERα</i> Transcriptional Activity (2012)

Gene expression profiling aimed at classifying and prognosing breast cancer has yielded signatures with little, if any, concordance. However, expression arrays used in these studies do not discriminate alternate RNA splice isoforms that vary widely in cancer and may resolve this problem. In this study, we profiled splice isoforms in a panel of tamoxifen-sensitive and -resistant cell lines, defining a novel variant (BQ323636.1) of the nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCOR2) that was associated with tamoxifen resistance. Overexpression of this variant in a tamoxifen-sensitive cell line induced its resistance to tamoxifen. We confirmed our initial findings from cell lines in 77 breast tumors from a Chinese cohort, where BQ323636.1 expression was higher in tamoxifen-resistant patients than tamoxifen-sensitive patients. For patients who were estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and had received tamoxifen treatment, higher BQ323636.1 expression level correlated with distant metastasis. High expression level of BQ323636.1 was found to be associated with poorer overall and disease-free survival for patients who had received tamoxifen treatment. Notably, higher BQ323636.1 versus NCOR2 wild-type ratio was also associated with negative ER and progesterone receptor (PR) status, and triple-negative status (ER-/PR-/HER2- receptor status). Mechanistic investigations showed that under conditions of tamoxifen exposure, BQ323636.1 suppressed the transcriptional activity of ERα, exhibiting promoter-regulating functions. Our findings highlight a novel splice variant of the ERα corepressor NCOR2 as a candidate biomarker in breast cancer that not only predicts tamoxifen response but may be targeted to overcome tamoxifen resistance.
Heat treatment induces dephosphorylation of pRb and dissociation of T-antigen/pRb complex during transforming infection with SV40. (1995)

The effects of heat treatment on key cell cycle regulatory molecules is currently unknown. Using primary mouse kidney cell cultures induced to re-enter S-phase by transforming infection with SV40, the effects of thermal treatment on the phosphorylation state of the Retinoblastoma gene product (pRb) and on its ability to bind T-antigen were examined. Time course analysis showed no detectable inhibition of cellular protein and T-antigen synthesis up to 180 min treatment at 42.5 degrees C, while a gradual disappearance of the phosphorylated forms of pRb was observed after 90 min. Dephosphorylation of pRb was shown to correlate with inhibition of SV40-induced DNA synthesis. Also, large T-antigen/pRb protein complex was affected since a gradual dissociation of the hypophosphorylated pRb from large T-antigen was observed concomitant to the inhibition of DNA synthesis. The effects of heat treatment were found to be reversible after shifting the cultures to 37 degrees C. Cells were shown to resume DNA synthesis concomitant to the reappearance of the phosphorylated forms of pRb and rebinding of the hypophosphorylated form to large T-antigen within 6-8 h after recovery at 37 degrees C. In addition, no evidence for a bona fide hsp71/large T-antigen protein complex was seen under the experimental conditions used. The data strongly suggest that inhibition of DNA synthesis by heat treatment might involve either an increase in phosphatase activity or the inhibition of a pRb kinase activity.
Hybrid functional studies of the oxygen vacancy in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>TiO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2010)

The electronic and structural properties of the oxygen vacancy $({V}_{\text{O}})$ in rutile ${\text{TiO}}_{2}$ are studied using generalized Kohn-Sham theory with the Heyd, Scuseria, and Ernzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional for exchange and correlation. The HSE approach corrects the band gap and allows for a proper description of defects with energy levels close to the conduction band. According to the HSE calculations, ${V}_{\text{O}}$ is a shallow donor for which the $+2$ charge state is lower in energy than the neutral and $+1$ charge states for all Fermi-level positions in the band gap. The formation energy of ${V}_{\text{O}}^{2+}$ is relatively low in $n$-type ${\text{TiO}}_{2}$ under O-poor conditions but it rapidly increases with the oxygen chemical potential. This is consistent with experimental observations where the electrical conductivity decreases with oxygen partial pressure.