gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A layered method of visibility resolving in depth image-based rendering (2008)

A layered method is presented in this paper to resolve the visibility problem in depth image-based rendering. A novel three-layer representation for each reference view, i.e. the main layer, background layer and the boundary layer, is proposed. A spatial-temporal method is designed to generate the boundary layer for pixel-based rendering (splatting). Meanwhile, a temporal background model is built for each frame by searching backward and forward for uncovered background information based on depth variance in the reference video. Promising results of view synthesis using the multiple-view 3d data from Microsoft Research, ldquobreak dancerrdquo and ldquoballetrdquo, are given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
Topology Preserving Relaxation Labeling for Nonrigid Point Matching (2010)

This paper presents a relaxation labeling process with the newly defined compatibility measure for solving a general nonrigid point matching problem. In the literature, there exists a point matching method using relaxation labeling; however, the compatibility coefficient takes a binary value of zero or one depending on whether a point and a neighbor have corresponding points. Our approach generalizes this relaxation labeling method. The compatibility coefficient takes n-discrete values which measure the correlation between point pairs. In order to improve the speed of the algorithm, we use a diagram of log distance and polar angle bins to compute the correlation. The extensive experiments show that the proposed topology preserving relaxation algorithm significantly improves the matching performance compared to other state-of-the-art point matching algorithms.
Throughput and delay performance of IEEE 802.11e enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) under saturation condition (2007)

In this paper, we analyze the saturation performance of IEEE 802.11e enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA), which provides contention-based differentiated channel access for frames of different priorities in wireless LANs. With EDCA, quality of service (QoS) support is provided with up to four access categories (ACs) in each station. Each AC behaves as an independent backoff entity. The priority among ACs is then determined by AC-specific parameters, called the EDCA parameter set. The behavior of the backoff entity of each AC is modeled as a two-state Markov chain, which is extended from Bianchi's model to capture the features of EDCA. The differences of our model from existing work for 802.11e EDCA include: (i) virtual collisions among different ACs in an EDCA station are modeled, thus more accurately capturing the behavior of EDCA; (ii) the influence of using different arbitrary inter-frame spaces (AIFS) for different ACs on saturation performance are considered; (iii) delay and delay jitter are derived, in addition to saturation throughput. The analytical model is validated via ns-2 simulations. The results show that our analytical model can accurately describe the behavior of IEEE 802.11e EDCA
AVAZ inversion for anisotropy parameters of a fractured medium: A physical modeling study (2011)

This report presents an amplitude inversion of PP data, collected through physical modeling, for the Thomsen anisotropy parameters ( , , and ) of an orthorhombic medium. Orthorhombic symmetry, with three mutually perpendicular directions each with different velocity, is the most general symmetry that can describe vertical fractures in horizontal fine layering. Assuming the natural coordinate system along with the fracture orientation, 3D PP data with several azimuths over a phenolic layer have been acquired using the physical modeling facility in CREWES. The phenolic material has been shown to possess orthorhombic symmetry; however it is approximately transversely isotropic with two independent directions. The PP amplitudes picked from the reflection off an isotropic layer and the phenolic layer at several azimuths were used as the data for the inversion. Deterministic amplitude corrections, similar to those used for the real-world acquisition were applied to the physical model amplitudes prior to inversion to scale them to represent the reflectivity. We also applied an additional source-receiver directivity correction specific to the piezoelectric transducers used in the physical modeling. A linearized PP reflection coefficient approximation for an orthorhombic media is used to facilitate the inversion. Some constraints on the vertical velocities and density were also incorporated in the inversion process. Large offset data are required for the azimuthal amplitude inversion of the phenolic layer, as the material shows only slight azimuthal amplitude variations. The results for all three anisotropy parameters from AVAZ inversion compare very favourably to those obtained previously by a traveltime inversion. This result makes it possible to compute the shear-wave splitting parameter, , (historically determined from shear-wave data) from a quantitative analysis of the PP reflection data.
Adenoviral Transduction of<i>MRP-1/CD9</i>and<i>KAI1/CD82</i>Inhibits Lymph Node Metastasis in Orthotopic Lung Cancer Model (2007)

Conventional therapies still remain less effective for metastasis of lung cancer, thus leading to a poor prognosis for this disorder. Although the processes involved in metastasis have not yet been clearly elucidated, our previous studies have shown that higher expression levels of MRP-1/CD9 and KAI1/CD82 in cancer cells are significantly correlated with less metastatic potency. To determine whether the gene transfer of these tetraspanins into lung tumor cells may be a useful strategy to regulate metastasis, we adopted an orthotopic lung cancer model produced by the intrapulmonary implantation of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells and evaluated the metastatic growth in the mediastinal lymph nodes using two different methods of gene delivery as follows: (a) the implantation of LLC cells preinfected with adenovirus encoding either MRP-1/CD9 cDNA, KAI1/CD82 cDNA, or LacZ gene into the mouse lung and (b) the intratracheal administration of these adenoviruses into the mice orthotopically preimplanted with LLC cells. In both cases, we found that the delivery of either MRP-1/CD9 or KAI1/CD82 cDNA dramatically reduced the metastases to the mediastinal lymph nodes in comparison with those of LacZ gene delivery, without affecting the primary tumor growth at the implanted site. These results reemphasize the important role of MRP-1/CD9 and KAI1/CD82 in the suppression of the metastatic process and also show the feasibility of gene therapy when using these tetraspanins for lung cancer to prevent metastasis to the regional lymph nodes. This strategy may therefore be clinically applicable as a prophylactic treatment to suppress the occurrence of lymph node metastasis.
Different Transcriptional Control of Metabolism and Extracellular Matrix in Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat of Obese and Rimonabant Treated Mice (2008)

VAT and SCAT show strikingly different gene expression programs in response to high fat diet and rimonabant treatment. Our results may lead to identification of therapeutic targets acting on specific fat depots to control obesity.
Sensitive Cardiac Troponin Assays: Myth and Magic or a Practical Way Forward? (2010)

Sensitive Cardiac Troponin Assays: Myth and Magic or a Practical Way Forward? Cardiac troponins (cTn) are considered to be the ‘gold standard’ biomarkers for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) a pathological spectrum which includes cardiac ischemia, angina, myocardial infarction and ultimately cardiac failure. The growing evidence base for the diagnostic and prognostic use of cTn in ACS has resulted in a universal redefinition of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A diagnosis of AMI includes the detection of an elevated cTn (or CK-MB) with at least one measurement within 24 hours of the cardiac episode being >upper 99th percentile of a reference population, in conjunction with evidence of myocardial ischemia. A number of high sensitivity immunoassays with claims of superior imprecision and a definable 99th percentile have been produced. Clinically, these have two important impacts. First, there is a drive to change the values into whole numbers by the application of a unit change which carries the scope for confusion. Secondly, the near-normal Gaussian distribution of sensitive cTn in healthy subjects will increase the frequency of cTn positivity in the non-ACS population. The problem is to decipher if such minor elevations in cTn are of clinical concern. What is certain is that AMI remains a clinical not a biochemical diagnosis and the interpretation of cTn concentrations should be made according to the clinical context.
Studies of the ethanol-induced interdigitated gel phase in phosphatidylcholines using the fluorophore 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (1988)

It is now well established that a number of amphiphilic molecules such as ethanol can induce the formation of the fully interdigitated gel phase in phosphatidylcholines. We have shown earlier that alcohols such as ethanol induce biphasic melting behavior in phosphatidylcholines [Rowe, E. S. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 3299-3305] but not in phosphatidylethanolamines [Rowe, E. S. (1985) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 813, 321-330]. Simon and McIntosh [(1984) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 773, 169-172] showed that the alcohol-induced biphasic melting behavior in phosphatidylcholines is a consequence of acyl chain interdigitation. In the present study we demonstrate the detection of the transition of DPPC and DSPC to the interdigitated phase in the presence of ethanol using the fluorescence properties of the commonly used fluorophore 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH). By correlating fluorescence and X-ray diffraction results, we have demonstrated the use of fluorescence to study the phase transition from the noninterdigitated to the interdigitated phase. Using this method, we have investigated the temperature and ethanol concentration dependence of the induction of the interdigitated phase in DSPC and DPPC and shown that the induction of interdigitation by ethanol is temperature dependent, with higher temperature favoring interdigitation. The temperature-ethanol phase diagrams have been determined for DPPC and DSPC.
Progress in EUV Resist Development (2007)

For next generation lithography, several technologies have been proposed to achieve the ultra-fine patterning required for the 32nm node and beyond. Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography is one of the promising candidates but faces several critical issues with resist performance. Line width roughness (LWR) is regarded as one of the major issues to be improved to ensure device reliability and performance. One direction for decreasing LWR is to reformulate current polymer based resist. The other direction is to apply new materials such as molecular glass and polymer bound photoacid generators (PAG). In this study, the performance of EUV resist based on more traditional polymers as well as molecular glass have been investigated. In the case of polymer-based resist, it was found that resist based on partially protected polyhydroxystyrene with an acid labile group had the potential to resolve 26nm line and space patterns by using PAG with short acid diffusion length. Further optimization of not only resist formulation, but also process condition is necessary to improve performance. It was found that the resist based on new molecular glass, Noria which was partially protected with an acid labile group resolved 28nm line and space patterns. The optimization of resist formulation using protected Noira is on-going.
Highly Effective Separation of Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes verified <i>via</i> Short-Channel Devices Fabricated Using Dip-Pen Nanolithography (2012)

We have verified a highly effective separation of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWNTs) via statistical analysis of short-channel devices fabricated using multipen dip-pen nanolithography. Our SWNT separation technique utilizes a polymer (rr-P3DDT) that selectively interacts with and disperses sc-SWNTs. Our devices had channel lengths on the order of 300-500 nm, with an average of about 3 SWNTs that directly connected the source-drain electrodes. A total of 140 SWNTs were characterized, through which we have observed that all of the SWNTs exhibited semiconducting behavior with an average on/off current ratio of ~10(6). Additionally, we have characterized 50 SWNTs after the removal of rr-P3DDT, through which we have again observed semiconducting behavior for all of the SWNTs with similar electrical characteristics. The relatively low average on-conductance of 0.0796 μS was attributed to the distribution of small diameter SWNTs in our system and due to the non-ohmic Au contacts on SWNTs. The largely positive threshold voltages were shifted toward zero after vacuum annealing, indicating that the SWNTs were doped in air. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time numerous SWNTs were electrically characterized using short-channel devices, through which all of the measured SWNTs were determined to be semiconducting. Hence, our semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube sorting system holds a great deal of promise in bringing forth a variety of practical applications in SWNT electronics.
Role of dimerization in yeast aspartyl-tRNA synthetase and importance of the class II invariant proline. (1993)

Cytoplasmic aspartyl-tRNA synthetase (AspRS; EC 6.1.1.12) from yeast is, as are most class II synthetases, an alpha 2 dimer. The only invariant amino acid in signature motif 1 of this class is Pro-273; this residue is located at the dimer interface. To understand the role of Pro-273 in the conserved dimeric configuration, we tested the effect of a Pro-273-->Gly (P273G) substitution on the catalytic properties of homo- and heterodimeric AspRS. Heterodimers of AspRS were produced in vivo by overexpression of their respective subunit variants from plasmid-encoded genes and purified to homogeneity in one HPLC step. The homodimer containing the P273G shows an 80% inactivation of the enzyme and an affinity decrease for its cognate tRNA(Asp) of one order of magnitude. The P273G-mutated subunit recovered wild-type enzymatic properties when associated with a native subunit or a monomer otherwise inactivated having an intact dimeric interface domain. These results, which can be explained by the crystal structure of the native enzyme complexed with its substrates, confirm the structural importance of Pro-273 for dimerization and clearly establish the functional interdependence of the AspRS subunits. More generally, the dimeric conformation may be a structural prerequisite for the activity of mononucleotide binding sites constructed from antiparallel beta strands.
Surface Modification of Polymeric Materials by Plasma Treatment (2002)

Low-temperature plasma treatment has been used in the last years as a useful tool to modify the surface properties of different materials, in special of polymers. In the present work low temperature plasma was used to treat the surface of asymmetric porous substrates of polysulfone (PSf) membranes. The main purpose of this work was to study the influence of the exposure time and the power supplied to argon plasma on the permeability properties of the membranes. Three rf power levels, respectively 5, 10 and 15 W were used. Treatment time ranged from 1 to 50 min. Reduction of single gas permeability was observed with Ar plasma treatments at low energy bombardment (5 W) and short exposure time (20 min). Higher power and/or higher plasma exposition time causes a degradation process begins. The chemical and structural characterization of the membranes before and after the surface modification was done by AFM, SEM and XPS.
Adaptive Object Detection and Visibility Improvement in Foggy Image (2011)

Detecting objects of interest and obtaining their clear visual appearances are critical requirements for visual surveillance systems. In this paper we propose a novel algorithm to detect foreground objects from video sequences with fog and then enhance their visibilities. First, we propose a novel metric to measure the image fog property to decide whether the image scene is obscured by fog or not. Second, if there is heavy fog in the scene, a novel approach for object detection based on an atmospheric scattering model is proposed. This novel approach can be used to detect not only newly entering objects but also sojourned objects. Once the foreground object is detected, we enhance its visibility only to avoid processing the whole image. Our proposed algorithm is tested with some surveillance video under different fog conditions. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is efficient and efficient for foreground object detection and visibility enhancement under fog weather conditions.
Performance of Operational Amplifiers With Electronic Mode Switching (1963)

The linear-circuit performance equation for an important class of mode-switched operational amplifiers is derived to identify errors caused by finite feedback loop gains, switch resistance, and follower-amplifier source impedance. Errors due to capacitor dielectric absorption, switching spikes, dc leakage, and current limiting are discussed with reference to an electronically switched integrator (sample-hold or analog-memory circuit), and various design requirements are listed.
Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in the Endometrium (1997)

The endometrium, as a target of estrogens and progestins, possesses the respective receptor proteins. These receptors belong to the superfamily of nuclear receptors, having important functional domains required for steroid ligand binding, for dimer formation, for interaction with HREs of DNA, for transcription modulation, for association with other proteins, for intracellular trafficking, and other activities. The mechanism of action of the steroid hormones involves modulation of gene activity through interaction of the hormone-receptor complex with HREs and with other nuclear proteins, but also encompasses nongenomic effects, which accounts for the rapid effects of the steroids on cellular functions. Antihormones-antiestrogen and antiprogestins-compete with their respective hormones for binding sites on the receptor molecules. Some antihormones are partial agonists. The molecular mechanisms underlying the dual behavior of antihormones is under consideration. The concentration of ER and PR in different physiological and pathophysiological states, such as the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and endometrial cancer, has been determined by biochemical and immuno(cyto)chemical methods. The levels of estrogens and progestins are important regulators of ER and PR gene expression. Estradiol acts as a cell mitogen, inducing key genes involved in replication, and its tumor promoter effect is discussed in this sense, whereas progesterone has reverse effects when compared to estradiol and acts as a differentiation factor. The cross-talk between the endocrine system, growth factors, and neurotransmitters can take place both at the receptor level, involving mainly phosphorylation reactions, and at the gene level, mainly through protein-protein interactions.
Inactivation of the Cyclin D-dependent Kinase in the Rat Fibroblast Cell Line, 3Y1, Induced by Contact Inhibition (1997)

Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitory proteins are involved in cell cycle arrest induced by antiproliferating factors or chemicals. High cell density also induces cell cycle arrest in which the genomic DNA is unreplicated, even in the presence of a mitotic dose of growth factors; this is termed contact inhibition. Although the cell cycle of the rat fibroblast cell line, 3Y1, was arrested in quiescence by contact inhibition, the Cdk4 bound to its regulatory subunit, cyclin D1 or D3. However, these complexes were enzymatically inactive. Phosphorylation of the cyclin D1-bound Cdk4 by the Cdk-activating kinase could convert the inactive cyclin D1-Cdk4 complex into its active form in vitro, suggesting that threonine 172 of the Cdk4, of which phosphorylation is required for its activation, was in part unphosphorylated in contact-inhibited 3Y1 cells. Although MO15 was active in cell extracts prepared from the arrested 3Y1 cells, activation of bacterially produced Cdk4 in the cell extracts was inhibited. Removal of p27(kip1) from the cell extracts allowed the MO15 holoenzyme to phosphorylate the Cdk4 and in turn activate it, indicating that p27(kip1) plays a role in inhibiting the phosphorylation of Cdk4 by MO15 in the contact-inhibited 3Y1 cells.
Construction in Cold Regions: A Guide for Planners, Engineers, Contractors, and Managers (1991)

Case Studies. Introduction to Cold Regions. Preparing Equipment for Work in the Cold. Foundation Construction. Buildings. Road, Airfield, and Island Embankments. Pipelines. Ice. Management of Cold-Regions Construction. History. Epilogue. References. Appendix. Index.
Arrival Picking of Acoustic Emission Signals Using a Hybrid Algorithm Based on AIC and Histogram Distance (2020)

Automatic picking of the arrival of acoustic emission (AE) and microseismic signals is very important in geophysics and process monitoring. However, because an acoustic signal undergoes many reflections and refractions before being received by an AE sensor, its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) varies and, in some cases, can be very low. A new hybrid method for arrival-time picking based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC) picker and Manhattan distance is presented. A criterion and a standard framework for determining an arrival point are formulated, and two key parameters are discussed, namely, the length of the time window and the size of the selected time series. Experimental results show that the proposed method can detect the arrival points of signals with various SNRs while overcoming some of the drawbacks of the conventional AIC method. It could provide a better alternative for determining the arrival points of AE signals in process monitoring and other fields.
Borane‐Mediated Carbon Dioxide Reduction at Ruthenium: Formation of C<sub>1</sub> and C<sub>2</sub> Compounds (2012)

One and two: The C2 compound pinBOCH2OCHO (see scheme; HBpin=pinacolborane) and several C1 compounds have been obtained from the borane-mediated reduction of CO2 under mild conditions with the catalyst precursor [RuH2(H2)2(PCy3)2]. Mechanistic investigation highlights the role of a series of new carbonyl ruthenium complexes that were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction studies.