gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectrophotometry of occult blood in feces. (1983)

This method for measuring fecal occult blood is based on the heme-catalyzed oxidation of tetramethylbenzidine by H2O2. An aliquot of heated stool homogenate is mixed with acetic acid to chemically separate heme from globin. The heme is extracted into ethyl acetate and reacted with the reagent and H2O2 to produce a green oxidation product. The reaction is followed kinetically for 30 to 60 s at 660 nm. A660 is linearly related to the amount of hemoglobin. The lower limit of detection is 1 to 2 mg of hemoglobin per gram (wet weight) of feces. Within-day precision (CV) of the analysis for hemoglobin added to stool specimens (4 to 30 mg/g) ranged from 2.3 to 7.6%, between-day CV from 2.1 to 8.1%. Analytical recovery of hemoglobin added to fecal specimens (4 to 30 mg/g) ranged from 86.7 to 106.2%. Of the substances known to interfere with conventional dye-oxidation tests for fecal occult blood, only myoglobin and ascorbic acid interfere with hemoglobin quantification by our procedure. The test is fast, inexpensive, and easy to perform, and involves equipment available in hospital laboratories.
Nonhuman Primates Are Protected from Smallpox Virus or Monkeypox Virus Challenges by the Antiviral Drug ST-246 (2009)

ST-246, a potent orthopoxvirus egress inhibitor, is safe and effective at preventing disease and death in studies of small-animal models involving challenge by several different pathogenic poxviruses. In this report, the antiviral efficacy of ST-246 in treatment of nonhuman primates infected with variola virus or monkeypox virus was assessed. The data indicate that oral dosing once per day with ST-246 protects animals from poxvirus disease, as measured by reductions in viral load and numbers of lesions and enhancement of survival.
Cyclic query processing in object-oriented databases (2003)

Cyclic query processing issues in object-oriented databases are investigated. A data and cyclic query model is defined for an object-oriented database system, using a graph model. Then the efficient processing of a general object-oriented cyclic query is discussed. For efficient processing, a general cyclic query and the access plans generated for a given query are defined and a cost model is developed to determine the cost for each access plant generated. The retrieval algorithms used for actual data retrieval are also investigated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Studies in Azo Dyes. I. Preparation and Bacteriostatic Properties of Azo Derivatives of 2,6-Diaminopyridine<sup>1</sup> (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in Azo Dyes. I. Preparation and Bacteriostatic Properties of Azo Derivatives of 2,6-Diaminopyridine1R. Norris Shreve, M. W. Swaney, and E. H. RiechersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 11, 2241–2243Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01251a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01251a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views283Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Herpesvirus Infection of Salmonid Fish (1992)

Title Herpesvirus Infection of Salmonid Fish Author(s) Tanaka, Makoto; Yoshimizu, Mamoru; Kimura, Takahisa Citation Salmonid diseases : proceedings of the Oji International Symposium on Salmonid Diseases, Sapporo, Japan, October 22-25, 1991. Edited by Takahisa Kimura. Issue Date 1992 DOI Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/39268 Right Type proceedings Additional Information File Information yoshimizu-107.pdf
Some Monitoring and Analytical Techniques for the Study of Locomotor Responses of Fish to Environmental Variables (1976)

The adaptive significance of locomotor, specifically orientation responses in fishes to environmental stimuli, is emphasized. General locomotor behavior is usually extremely variable over time whereas the responses mentioned are, most frequently, very subtle. Techniques are described to detect and quantify these responses by comparing locomotion before stimulation with that during exposure to the environmental variable(s) under study. Models for such comparison are based on time series analysis of relevant locomotor variables, such as frequency and size of turns, length and orientation of steps, velocity, and others. Two techniques for data acquisition of these variables, by means of electronic monitoring of locomotion under controlled physical and chemical conditions, are described in some detail. Attention is called to the possible interaction of environmental conditions and the behavioral responses of fish, an aspect which, hitherto, has received too little consideration in studies on biological effects of environmental variables.
A Radial Molecular Orientation Using a Flow-Induced Aligning Method in a Nematic Liquid Crystal Cell (1995)

The radially symmetrical molecular orientation is demonstrated by using a flow-induced aligning method in a nematic liquid crystal (LC) on a PVA-coated substrate without a rubbing treatment. The radial molecular orientation of good quality is obtained as compared with the LC cell using a radial rubbing treatment. The diameter of the area with the radial orientation is above five times larger than that obtained by a memory effect of molecular orientation in an electric field produced by a hole-patterned electrode structure. A radially and homogeneously aligned LC cell is prepared, and a molecular orientation state and polarization converting properties are clarified by observations of transmission images and measurements of transmission properties. The effect of a chiral dopant in the LC cell is also investigated, and it is found that the chiral pitch of LC materials can be determined by a rotation angle of disclination line.
IMAGE EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION: A NEW TOOL FOR IMAGE PROCESSING (2009)

Image empirical mode decomposition (IEMD) is an empirical mode decomposition concept used in Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) expanded into two dimensions for the use on images. IEMD provides a tool for image processing by its special ability to locally separate superposed spatial frequencies. The tendency is that the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) other than the first are low-frequency images. In this study we give an overview of the state-of-the-art methods to decompose an image into a number of IMFs and a residue image with a minimum number of extrema points, together with the use of the method. Ideas and open problems are presented.
Ultra-Thin Fully Depleted SOI Devices with Thin BOX, Ground Plane and Strained Liner Booster (2006)

The fully depleted (FD) SOI MOSFET is generally considered as one of the best candidates for next CMOS technology nodes. However, new technological boosters need to be introduced in the classical FD SOI process flow to reach the very aggressive I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> specifications predicted by the ITRS roadmap. The use of a thin buried oxide (BOX) on FD SOI is still a controversial subject, despite recent publications that have demonstrated its interest for improvement of short channel effect (SCE) control, especially with a ground plane (GP) integration (Tsuchiya et al.). In order to improve the device performances, a strained "contact etch stop layer" (CESL) technique has been successfully demonstrated to induce strain into the channel of bulk devices (Thompson et al., 2002) as well as in ultra-thin FD SOI devices (Singh et al., 2005 and Gallon et al., 2006). However, its compatibility with the specific technological features of FD SOI devices, such as silicon film thickness (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S1</sub> ) variations, BOX material and BOX thickness (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BOX</sub> ), raised source/drain architecture, has yet to be clarified. In this paper, we demonstrate, by electrical and mechanical simulations, the interest of thin BOX with GP, combined with a strained liner. These simulations have then been validated by measurements, showing excellent I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> pMOS performances
Structure and property development of poly(3-hexylthiophene) organogels probed with combined rheology, conductivity and small angle neutron scattering (2012)

The structural, mechanical and electrical properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) organogels have been probed during the sol–gel transition through combined rheology, AC dielectric spectroscopy and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). SANS shows that structural features of P3HT gels, which are crucial for the optimization of organic photovoltaic devices, evolve throughout the gelation process. In situ structure–property analyses also demonstrate that there are very different mechanisms for the formation and dissolution of fibers and networks prepared from these polymeric semiconductors. It is determined that P3HT gels form conductive pathways that are maintained even after up to 50% of the fibers re-dissolve upon heating. P3HT organogels formed in different aromatic solvents also show differences of more than two orders of magnitude in conductivity despite having similar nanoscale fiber structures. These results demonstrate the importance of controlling the self-assembled morphology of fiber networks for maintaining optimal electronic properties. This work also highlights the potential for using organogels as flexible platforms for designing efficient organic photovoltaic devices.
Fault-tolerant control strategy for five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (2014)

Aiming at the open-circuit fault in stator windings for multi-phase motor drive system,this paper proposes an effective fault-tolerant current control strategy. From the perspective of vector space decomposition,the coordinate transformation matrixes under fault conditions were determined and the decomposition mathematical models of five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor( PMSM) with onephase winding open were set up. According to the stator copper loss equation at synchronously rotating coordinate system,the vector control methods could be realized by setting the current references in Z1-Z2subspace with different constraints. The experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can reduce the torque ripple caused by the open-circuit fault in stator windings,improve the running performance of five-phase PMSM under fault condition,and enhance the reliability of the governing system.
The Dependence of Synthetic Latex Viscosity on Particle Size and Size Distribution (1968)

Upon addition of sufficient electrolyte to two poly(n-butyl methacrylate) latices, differing in particle size by a factor of 11, their viscosities were identical, within experimental error, over the range of volume fraction, φ, from 0.05 to 0.33. The viscosities agreed with those predicted by Mooney’s formula: lnηrel=2.5φ/(1−φmax−1φ) provided φmax was the random close-packing value found for monodisperse spheres, 0.637. Upon combining the two latices on an equal weight basis, the viscosities at equal volume fractions were lower than those found for the individual latices. The data, however, fit Mooney's formula provided a larger value of φmax was used.
Urinary cell-free DNA is a versatile analyte for monitoring infections of the urinary tract (2018)

Urinary tract infections are one of the most common infections in humans. Here we tested the utility of urinary cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to comprehensively monitor host and pathogen dynamics in bacterial and viral urinary tract infections. We isolated cfDNA from 141 urine samples from a cohort of 82 kidney transplant recipients and performed next-generation sequencing. We found that urinary cfDNA is highly informative about bacterial and viral composition of the microbiome, antimicrobial susceptibility, bacterial growth dynamics, kidney allograft injury, and host response to infection. These different layers of information are accessible from a single assay and individually agree with corresponding clinical tests based on quantitative PCR, conventional bacterial culture, and urinalysis. In addition, cfDNA reveals the frequent occurrence of pathologies that remain undiagnosed with conventional diagnostic protocols. Our work identifies urinary cfDNA as a highly versatile analyte to monitor infections of the urinary tract.
Traffic-reduced precise ranging protocol for asynchronous UWB positioning networks (2010)

This letter proposes a precise two-way ranging (TWR) protocol toward low traffic for asynchronous UWB positioning networks. The proposed TWR protocol pursuing instantaneous ranging update enables the estimation of clock frequency offset to achieve high ranging accuracy. Theoretical analysis and simulation results verify the performance.
Why is rosacea considered to be an inflammatory disorder? The primary role, clinical relevance, and therapeutic correlations of abnormal innate immune response in rosacea-prone skin. (2012)

The pathophysiology of rosacea has undergone renewed interest over the past decade, with a large body of evidence supporting the role of an abnormal innate immune response in rosacea. Many mechanisms interact with the cutaneous innate immune system that may be operative. A variety of potential triggers stimulate this immune detection system which is upregulated and hyper-responsive in facial skin of patients with rosacea as compared to normal skin. Based on the most current data, two conclusions have been reached. First, the major presentations of rosacea appear to be inflammatory dermatoses. Second, the presence of a microbial organism is not a primary or mandatory component of the pathogenesis of rosacea. Available therapies for rosacea exhibit reported modes of action that appear to correlate with the inhibition of inflammatory processes involved in the pathophysiology of at least some presentations of rosacea.
Effect of chitosan coating on the characteristics of DPPC liposomes (2010)

Because it is both biocompatible and biodegradable, chitosan has been used to provide a protective capsule in new drug formulations. The present work reports on investigations into some of the physicochemical properties of chitosan-coated liposomes, including drug release rate, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential and turbidity measurement. It was found that chitosan increases liposome stability during drug release. The coating of DPPC liposomes with a chitosan layer was confirmed by electron microscopy and the zeta potential of liposomes. The coating of liposomes by chitosan resulted in a marginal increase in the size of the liposomes, adding a layer of (92 ± 27.1 nm). The liposomal zeta potential was found to be increasingly positive as chitosan concentration increased from 0.1% to 0.3% (w/v), before stabilising at a relatively constant value. Turbidity studies revealed that the coating of DPPC liposomes with chitosan did not significantly modify the main phase transition temperature of DPPC at examined chitosan concentrations. The appropriate combination of liposomal and chitosan characteristics may produce liposomes with specific, prolonged and controlled release.
Sublingual immunotherapy in children modulates allergen‐induced <i>in vitro</i> expression of cytokine mRNA in PBMC (2006)

Sublingual immunotherapy induced a dose-dependent systemic allergen-specific immunological response in children with AR. During high-dose SLIT, there was activation of regulatory cytokine IL-10 and an inhibitory effect on IL-5 expression increase that was associated with TGF-beta.
Characterization of Bacillus subtilis YB8, coproducer of lipopeptides surfactin and plipastatin B1. (1995)

Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens by antagonistic microorganisms offers a practical supplement or alternative to many disease management strategies that depend heavily on chemical pesticides. We have isolated Bacillus subtilis YB8 from a bark compost as a suppressive bacterium against phytopathogenic fungi (I1). The number of this bacterium in the compost was 1.3 X 106 (cfu/g dry solid) and this was one to two orders higher than those of other bacteria from different suppressive composts (11). The higher stability observed in the natural environment will be a suitable characteristic when this bacterium is used as a biological pesticide.
Estimation of QoE of video traffic using a fuzzy expert system (2013)

Quality of experience (QoE) in multimedia traffic has been the focus of extensive research in the last decade. The estimation of the QoE provides valuable input in order to measure the user satisfaction of a particular service. QoE estimation is challenging as it tries to measure a subjective metric where the user experience depends on a number of factors that cannot simply be measured. In this work, we present a methodology and a system based on fuzzy expert system to estimate the impact of network conditions (QoS) on the QoE of video traffic. At first, we conducted subjective tests to correlate network QoS metrics with participants' perceived QoE of video traffic. Second, we propose a No Reference method based on fuzzy expert system to estimate the network impact on the video QoE. The membership functions of the proposed fuzzy system are derived from normalized probability distributions correlating the QoS metrics with QoE. We propose a simple methodology to build the fuzzy inference rules. We evaluated our system in two different sets of experiments. The estimated video quality showed high correlation with the subjective QoE obtained from the participants in a controlled test. We integrated our system as part of a monitoring tool in an industrial IPTV test bed and compared its output with standard Video Quality Monitoring (VQM). The evaluation results show that the proposed video quality estimation method based on fuzzy expert system can effectively measure the network impact on the QoE.
Yeast translation initiation suppressor sui2 encodes the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 and shares sequence identity with the human alpha subunit. (1989)

Genetic reversion of HIS4 initiator codon mutations in yeast has identified three unlinked genes, sui1, sui2, and SUI3 (suppressors of initiator codon mutations), which when mutated confer the ability to initiate translation at HIS4 despite the absence of an AUG start codon. We have previously demonstrated that the SUI3 gene encodes the beta subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) and that mutations at a Zn(II) finger motif of SUI3 alter the start site selection process in yeast. In this report, molecular and biochemical characterizations show that the sui2 suppressor gene encodes the alpha subunit of eIF-2. The amino acid sequence of sui2 is 58% homologous to that encoded by the cDNA of the human eIF-2 alpha. Mutations in the sui2 suppressor alleles occur in the amino-terminal portion of the protein and change amino acids that are identical at the same relative position in the yeast and human proteins. Protein sequence analysis shows that a sui2 mutant yeast strain allows initiation at a UUG codon in the absence of an AUG codon at HIS4. These data further suggest that eIF-2 is an important component of the preinitiation complex that mediates ribosomal recognition of a start codon during the scanning process.
The origin of nuclear receptor proteins: a single precursor distinct from other transcription factors. (1992)

Nuclear receptor proteins regulate transcription under the influence of hormones or other small ligands. These proteins bind to specific DNA sequences, termed hormone response elements (HREs), that reside close to hormone-responsive genes (reviewed in Ref. 1). This signal transduction process involves three discernible domains in the nuclear receptor proteins (reviewed in Refs. 2, 3)-the N-terminus, the central DNA-binding domain comprised of two zinc finger motifs, and the Cterminal ligand-binding domain; only the N-terminus is not well conserved. In general, virtually nothing is known about the origin of transcriptional regulatory factors. With respect to the nuclear receptor proteins in particular, two evolutionary histories have bean proposed. The first assumes independent origins for the different domains. By this view, ligand-binding segments with functions in bioenergetics and intermediary metabolism became fused to a DNAbinding motif to produce transcription factors, and the cell acquired the ability to respond at the transcriptional level to fluctuations in its physiological state (1). The second model implicates a single, multi-domain precursor that initially mediated a simple signal transduction mechanism (perhaps similar to that employed by the modem thyroid receptors) and subsequently acquired
Glottal characteristics of male speakers: Acoustic correlates and comparison with female data (1996)

Acoustic measurements related to glottal characteristics were made on recordings collected from ten male subjects. The waveforms and spectra of three nonhigh vowels /æ, ■, ε/ were analyzed to obtain acoustic parameters related to F1 bandwidth, open quotient, spectral tilt, and aspiration noise. Comparison was made with results for 22 female speakers [H. M. Hanson, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 97, 3422(A) (1995)]. While there is considerable overlap across gender, the male data show lower average values and less interspeaker variation for all measures. In particular, for male speakers the amplitude of the first harmonic relative to that of F3 is 11 dB lower than for female speakers, suggesting that tilt is an important parameter for differentiating male and female voice qualities. These findings are consistent with fiberscopic studies which have shown that males tend to have a more complete glottal closure than females [Södersten and Lindestad, J. Speech Hear. Res. 33, 601–611 (1990)]. A consequence is that acoustic data for male speakers should show evidence of lower acoustic loss and spectral tilt than data for females. Further physiological and perceptual data are needed to verify the acoustic measures for the male speakers. [Work supported by NIH Grants No. DC00075 and No. DC00205-02.]