gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Repeat True Surveillance Biopsies in Kidney Transplantation (2012)

Less than 50% of protocol biopsies were performed in the absence of any clinical signs of graft dysfunction. A high proportion of these biopsies revealed pathological findings that were associated with a significant decrease in long-term graft function.
[Methodological study on magnetic affinity immunoassay for detecting chloramphenicol]. (2011)

The chloramphenicol MEIA method is sensitive, accurate, and fast, it provides a new method of immunoassay for the monitoring of chloramphenicol residues in food.
Expression and Modulation of RPE Cell Membrane Complement Regulatory Proteins (2009)

Human and mouse RPE cell mCRPs are upregulated by inflammatory cytokines and repetitive nonlethal oxidant exposure in a species-specific manner. Increased cell mCRPs may help to protect RPE cells from complement- and oxidant-mediated injury in diseases such as AMD.
Maturation of bone and dentin matrices in rats flown on the Soviet biosatellite Cosmos 1887 (1990)

We have studied the chemistry, hydroxyapatite crystal size, and maturational changes in bone and dentin from rats exposed to microgravity for 12 days in a Soviet biosatellite (Cosmos 1887). Bone ash was reduced in vertebrae (L5) but not in the non-weight-bearing calvaria or mandibles. All tissues had a relatively normal percentage composition of Ca, P, and Mg. Nevertheless, flight rat calvaria and vertebral tissues tended to exhibit lower Ca/P and higher Ca/Mg ratios that any of their weight-matched controls groups, and gradient density analysis (calvaria) indicated a strong shift to the fractions lower specific gravity that was commensurate with impaired rates of matrix-mineral maturation. X-ray diffraction data were confirmatory. Bone hydroxyapatite crystal growth in the mandibles of flight rats was preferentially altered in such a way as to reduce their size (C-axis dimension). But in the mandibular diastemal region devoid of muscle attachments, flight rat bone and dentin were normal with respect to the Ca, P, Mg, and Zn concentrations and Ca/P and Ca/Mg ratios of age-matched controls. These observations affirm the concept that while microgravity most adversely affects the maturation of newly formed matrix and mineral moieties in weight-bearing bone, such effects occur throughout the skeleton.
Cardiotoxicity of epirubicin and doxorubicin: assessment by endomyocardial biopsy. (1986)

Forty-two evaluable endomyocardial biopsies were obtained from 29 patients treated with epirubicin, the 4'-epimer of doxorubicin in cumulative doses ranging from 147 mg/m2 to 888 mg/m2. In this study of the Northern California Oncology Group, myofibrillar loss and sarcoplasmic vacuolization were identified and shown to be identical to those previously described for doxorubicin. However, when these biopsies were compared to 119 biopsies obtained from 98 patients treated with doxorubicin, milligram for milligram, epirubicin caused less endomyocardial injury than doxorubicin (P = 0.0013). Age, sex, type of primary malignancy, prior cardiac disease, and hypertension did not influence the degree of histologically demonstrated anthracycline injury induced by epirubicin.
Cycling Performance and Surface Chemistry of Si-Cu Anode in Ionic Liquid Battery Electrolyte Diluted with Dimethyl Carbonate (2011)

Interfacial compatibility between the Si-Cu electrode and diluted ionic liquid electrolyte containing 50 vol.% of 1 M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)/1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (MPP-TFSI) and 50 vol.% dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in a lithium cell and dilution effect on surface chemistry are examined. ex-situ ATR FTIR analysis results reveal that the surface of the Si-Cu electrode cycled in the diluted ionic liquid electrolyte is effectively passivated with the SEI layer mainly composed of carboxylate salts-containing polymeric compounds produced by the decomposition of DMC. Surface species by the decomposition of TFSI anion and MPP cation are found to be relatively in a very low concentration level. Passivation of electrode surface with the SEI species contributes to protect from further interfacial reactions and to preserve the electrode structure over 200 cycles, delivering discharge capacity of > 1670 mAhg -1 and capacity retention of 88% of maximum discharge capacity.
Performance and reliability concerns of ultra-thin SOI and ultra-thin gate oxide MOSFETs (2002)

Inversion layer mobility in thin SOI MOSFETs has been investigated from the viewpoint of the SOI thickness effects on device performance. Next, thin oxide properties such as Qbd, Vgt, Dit, and SILC have been studied as a function of oxide thickness. It is demonstrated that there is a small window for high reliability in ultra-thin SiO/sup 2/ regime.
Depletion and Regeneration of 2,3‐diphosphoglyceric Acid in Stored Red Blood Cells (1969)

2,3‐diphosphoglyceric acid appears to be an important regulator of the oxygen dissociation curve of hemoglobin in intact red blood cells. The rate of loss of 2,3‐DPG under various storage conditions therefore was investigated. 2,3‐DPG disappeared rapidly from conventional preservative media, CPD, and ACD solutions. After only two weeks' storage, 65 per cent to 85 per cent of erythrocyte 2,3‐DPG had been lost from ACD‐stored blood and slightly less from CPD‐stored blood. Although the addition of adenine to ACD solution aided in the maintenance of ATP levels, it hastened the rate of loss of 2,3‐DPG. The rate of 2,3‐DPG depletion was strongly dependent on pH. In more alkaline storage media, levels of this compound were relatively well maintained for as long as two, or even three weeks. However, under these circumstances ATP maintenance was less satisfactory. The levels of 2,3‐DPG and ATP in red blood cells incubated in fresh plasma at 37 C, pH 7.4, to simulate the conditions after reinfusion of stored cells also was investigated. ATP levels remained relatively stable under these circumstances and 2,3‐DPG levels were restored gradually. However, the repletion of 2,3‐DPG was sufficiently slow so that even after eight hours only approximately one third of the 2,3‐DPG which had been lost was regenerated. Thus, stored blood may fail to transport oxygen efficiently for many hours after reinfusion.
Einsatzszenarien (1991)

Als Ergebnis der Interviews wurden mehr als 30 Einsatzszenarien identifiziert, wobei hierfür die Antworten zu den Fragenkomplexen 3 und 5 der Protokollbögen ausgewertet wurden. Mehr als die Hälfte der Einsatzszenarien wurden in mehr als einem Interview und von verschiedenen Interviewpartnern unter z.T unterschiedlichen Aspekten formuliert (Obereinstimmungen in bis zu 6 verschiedenen Interviews). Szenarien zum gleichen Themenbereich, jedoch leicht verschiedenen Einzelaspekten wurden hier zusammengefaßt (evtl. mehrere WBS-Komponenten bzw. Wissensbasen für unterschiedliche Teilaufgaben). In der Übersichtstabelle 5.2 sind alle im Verlauf der Interviews identifizierten WBS-Einsatzszenarien zusammengestellt und kurz beschrieben, wobei hier eine Selektion oder Ordnung nach Erfolgsaussicht und Machbarkeit noch nicht durchgeführt wurde (Tab. 5.2).
Genome‐wide scan of Swedish families with hereditary prostate cancer: Suggestive evidence of linkage at 5q11.2 and 19p13.3 (2003)

Our results provide strong confirmatory evidence of linkage at 19q13.3 and 5q11.2. The lack of confirmation of linkage at several loci identified in other genome-wide scans emphasizes the need to combine linkage data between research groups.
Kin-cohort estimates for familial breast cancer risk in relation to variants in DNA base excision repair, BRCA1 interacting and growth factor genes (2004)

Some variants in genes within the base-excision repair pathway (XRCC1) and BRCA1 interacting proteins (BRIP1) may play a role as low penetrance breast cancer risk alleles. Previous association studies of breast cancer and BRCA2 N372H and functional observations for APEX D148E ran counter to our findings of decreased risks. Due to the many comparisons, cautious interpretation and replication of these relationships are warranted.
Galvanic corrosion of aluminum/carbon composite systems (2016)

Aluminum/carbon composite systems can have outstanding mechanical properties. Aluminum and carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites (CFRP) are typically considered corrosion resistant when used alone, but can develop severe galvanic corrosion when in physical contact in the same component or structure. General engineering practice is to avoid contact between aluminum and CFRP in any application where moisture may be present, but it is still of great importance to understand the consequences if the two materials accidentally become in contact. There may also be applications where a low rate of galvanic corrosion is acceptable. This dissertation contributes unique experimental and numerical approaches to improve the fundamental understanding of galvanic corrosion in aluminum/carbon composite systems, with particular focus on rate limiting control mechanisms in a high-temperature low-sag bare overhead transmission line conductor utilizing a CFRP load bearing core. The improved understanding was accomplished partially by the development of a novel assessment method for the in-situ galvanic corrosion testing of bare overhead conductors of various designs. The method allows for real-time measurements of galvanic corrosion currents while retaining the original geometry of the conductors. One of the most important findings is that the galvanic corrosion is under cathodic control, which means that the total galvanic corrosion rate is determined by the exposed carbon area, and independent of the exposed aluminum area. Another important finding is that the galvanic corrosion process is under diffusion control, which means that the total galvanic corrosion rate is mainly controlled by the rate at which oxygen arrives at the carbon surface. The implication of these findings is that the geometry of the component or structure can affect the galvanic corrosion rate by orders of magnitude. The dissertation work has also included the development of a structural health monitoring method for CFRP supported overhead conductors using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). This comprehensive research has significantly contributed to the increased acceptance of CFRP supported bare overhead conductors in both the United States and worldwide. The knowledge gained in this study is already aiding the evaluation of existing conductor designs and the development of future ones.
Measuring An Information Security Awareness Program (2011)

Research shows security awareness lacks a uniform definition. This paper explores the various attempts that have been made to define security awareness and then presents a clear and concise definition of security awareness. Due to the lack of a behaviorally-oriented measurement, security awareness has relied on the use of self-reported questionnaires and surveying users through this same type of instrument. These attempts assume that knowledge of security awareness leads to correspondingly correct behavior, without attempting any field validation that this paradigm holds true. This paper goes beyond self-reporting and measures the behavior of end-users. It compares that behavior with policy to determine the actual compliance percentage and draws conclusions from these results.
Design of a depth of interaction (DOI) PET detector module (1998)

A method to determine depth of interaction (DOI) from a PET detector module is described and evaluated. The basic element of the DOI detector module is a two crystal detector unit. The hypothesis is that by controlling how light is shared between two crystals (A and B) DOI information can be extracted from the ratio of light collected using simple Anger type logic [A/(A+B)]. The interface between crystals is designed so that a significant amount of light is shared when a photon interacts near the front face of a crystal and very little light is shared when an interaction occurs near the back of a crystal. The effects of surface treatment (e.g., polished, roughened) and optical coupling compounds are investigated. BGO, GSO and LSO detector units have been evaluated. A DOI uncertainty of /spl sim/6 mm was attained for the front section (/spl sim/4 mm) of a 2/spl times/2/spl times/20 mm LSO detector unit. A method to decode a 64 crystal detector module (32 detector units) using a 16 channel multi-anode photomultiplier tube is described.
High Cancer-Specific Expression of Mesothelin (<i>MSLN</i>) Is Attributable to an Upstream Enhancer Containing a Transcription Enhancer Factor–Dependent MCAT Motif (2007)

Identification of genes with cancer-specific overexpression offers the potential to efficiently discover cancer-specific activities in an unbiased manner. We apply this paradigm to study mesothelin (MSLN) overexpression, a nearly ubiquitous, diagnostically and therapeutically useful characteristic of pancreatic cancer. We identified an 18-bp upstream enhancer, termed CanScript, strongly activating transcription from an otherwise weak tissue-nonspecific promoter and operating selectively in cells having aberrantly elevated cancer-specific MSLN transcription. Introducing mutations into CanScript showed two functionally distinct sites: an Sp1-like site and an MCAT element. Gel retardation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed the MCAT element to be bound by transcription enhancer factor (TEF)-1 (TEAD1) in vitro and in vivo. The presence of TEF-1 was required for MSLN protein overexpression as determined by TEF-1 knockdown experiments. The cancer specificity seemed to be provided by a putative limiting cofactor of TEF-1 that could be outcompeted by exogenous TEF-1 only in a MSLN-overexpressing cell line. A CanScript concatemer offered enhanced activity. These results identify a TEF family member as a major regulator of MSLN overexpression, a fundamental characteristic of pancreatic and other cancers, perhaps due to an upstream and highly frequent aberrant cellular activity. The CanScript sequence represents a modular element for cancer-specific targeting, potentially suitable for nearly a third of human malignancies.
SSTR-Mediated Imaging in Breast Cancer: Is There a Role for Radiolabeled Somatostatin Receptor Antagonists? (2017)

Recent studies have shown enhanced tumor targeting by novel somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonists compared with clinically widely used agonists. However, these results have been obtained mostly in neuroendocrine tumors, and only limited data are available for cancer types with lower SSTR expression, including breast cancer (BC). To date, two studies have reported higher binding of the antagonist than the agonist in BC, but in both studies only a limited number of cases were evaluated. In this preclinical study, we further investigated whether the application of an SSTR antagonist can improve SSTR-mediated BC imaging in a large panel of BC specimens. We also generated an in vivo BC mouse model and performed SPECT/MRI and biodistribution studies. <b>Methods:</b> Binding of <sup>111</sup>In-DOTA-Tyr<sup>3</sup>-octreotate (SSTR agonist) and <sup>111</sup>In-DOTA-JR11 (SSTR antagonist) to 40 human BC specimens was compared using in vitro autoradiography. SSTR2 immunostaining was performed to confirm SSTR2 expression of the tumor cells. Furthermore, binding of the radiolabeled SSTR agonist and antagonist was analyzed in tissue material from 6 patient-derived xenografts. One patient-derived xenograft, the estrogen receptor-positive model T126, was chosen to generate in vivo mouse models containing orthotopic breast tumors for in vivo SPECT/MRI and biodistribution studies after injection with <sup>177</sup>Lu-DOTA-Tyr<sup>3</sup>-octreotate or <sup>177</sup>Lu-DOTA-JR11. <b>Results:</b><sup>111</sup>In-DOTA-JR11 binding to human BC tissue was significantly higher than <sup>111</sup>In-DOTA-Tyr<sup>3</sup>-octreotate binding (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The median ratio of antagonist binding versus agonist binding was 3.39 (interquartile range, 2-5). SSTR2 immunostaining confirmed SSTR2 expression on the tumor cells. SPECT/MRI of the mouse model found better tumor visualization with the antagonist. This result was in line with the significantly higher tumor uptake of the radiolabeled antagonist than of the agonist as measured in biodistribution studies 285 min after radiotracer injection (percentage injected dose per gram of tissue: 1.92 ± 0.43 vs. 0.90 ± 0.17; <i>P</i> = 0.002). <b>Conclusion:</b> SSTR antagonists are promising candidates for BC imaging.
A case study of product engineering: Performance of microencapsulated perfumes on textile applications (2011)

Abstract The evaluation of the performance of new products to be released on the market is essential to measure its acceptability by consumers. In this work, the performance of an added‐value product, microencapsulated perfumes applied on textiles for man suits, was predicted and evaluated. The odor intensity and character of the perfume ingredients was measured by headspace gas chromatography after dry cleaning and abrasion tests on textiles impregnated with microcapsules. The evaporation and diffusion of the fragrances in the encapsulated perfume was assessed. For this type of application, limonene has shown a better performance in the perfume mixture, being the dominant note over time and distance. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 58: 1939–1950, 2012
The Role of Responsive Pricing in the Internet (1996)

The Internet continues to evolve as it reaches out to a wider user population. The recent introduction of user-friendly navigation and retrieval tools for the World Wide Web has triggered an unprecedented level of interest in the Internet among the media and the general public, as well as in the technical community. It seems inevitable that some changes or additions are needed in the control mechanisms used to allocate usage of Internet resources. In this paper, we argue that a feedback signal in the form of a variable price for network service is a workable tool to aid network operators in controlling Internet traffic. We suggest that these prices should vary dynamically based on the current utilization of network resources. We show how this responsive pricing puts control of network service back where it belongs: with the users.
Tolerating operational faults in cluster-based FPGAs (2000)

In recent years the application space of reconfigurable devices has grown to include many platforms with a strong need for fault tolerance. While these systems frequently contain hardware redundancy to allow for continued operation in the presence of operational faults, the need to recover faulty hardware and return it to full functionality quickly and efficiently is great. In addition to providing functional density, FPGAs provide a level of fault tolerance generally not found in mask-programmable devices by including the capability to reconfigure around operational faults in the field. In this paper, incremental CAD techniques are described that allow functional recovery of FPGA design configurations in the presence of single or multiple operational faults. Our preferred approach to fault recovery takes advantage of device routing hierarchy in architectural families such as Xilinx Virtex [2] and Altera Apex [3] to quickly swap unused logic and routing resources in place of faulty ones within logic clusters. These algorithms allow for straight-forward implementation within a local fault-tolerant system without the need to access a remote processing location. If initial recovery attempts through localized swapping fail, an incremental router based on the widely-used PathFinder maze routing algorithm [10] can be applied remotely in an attempt to form connections between newly-allocated logic and interconnect based on the history of the initial design route.
Distinct roles for P-CREB and LEF-1 in TCR alpha enhancer assembly and activation on chromatin templates in vitro. (1997)

The distal enhancer of the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain gene has become a paradigm for studies of the assembly and activity of architectural enhancer complexes. Here we have reconstituted regulated TCR alpha enhancer activity in vitro on chromatin templates using purified T-cell transcription factors (LEF-1, AML1, and Ets-1) and the cyclic AMP-responsive transcription factor CREB. When added in combination, these factors activate the TCR alpha enhancer in a highly synergistic manner. Alternatively, the enhancer could also be activated in vitro by high levels of either CREB or a complex containing all of the T-cell proteins (LEF-1, AML1, and Ets-1). Phosphorylation of CREB by protein kinase A enhanced transcription 10-fold in vitro, and this effect was abolished by a point mutation affecting the CREB PKA phosphorylation site (Ser-133). Interestingly, LEF-1 strongly enhanced the binding of the AML1/Ets-1 complex on chromatin, but not nonchromatin, templates. A LEF-1 mutant containing only the HMG DNA-binding domain was sufficient to form a higher-order complex with AML1/Ets-1, but exhibited only partial activity in transcription. We conclude that the T cell-enriched proteins assemble on the enhancer independently of CREB and function synergistically with CREB to activate the TCR alpha enhancer in a chromatin environment.
Enhanced Synthesized Text Reader for Visually Impaired Users (2010)

In this paper we propose a prototype of a spatialized text reader for visually impaired users. The basic functions of the system are reading arbitrary files, converting text into speech using different synthesized voices and spatializing synthesized speech. Visually impaired users can thus listen to the content of a file read by various synthesized voices at different spatial positions. Some metadata (e.g. pre-inserted tags) has to be added to the file before processing in order to define the voice, pitch, reading rate and originating spatial position for any part of the content. We believe such a way of electronic book reading can be a significant improvement for visually impaired users if compared to mundane and dull screen readers. The core of the system is based on Java platform using FreeTTS speech synthesizer and JOAL positioning library. The latter is improved by the external MIT Head Related Impulse Response (HRIR) library. The use of headphones is obligatory in order to perceive spatial sound correctly. The system is a work in progress and is currently under evaluation by twelve visually impaired test subjects.
Regiochemical and stereochemical studies on halocyclization reactions of unsaturated sulfides (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegiochemical and stereochemical studies on halocyclization reactions of unsaturated sulfidesXiao-Feng Ren, Edward Turos, Charles H. Lake, and Melvyn Rowen ChurchillCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 20, 6468–6483Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00125a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00125a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1462Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (4)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts