gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resistance of Coated and Uncoated IR Windows to Seawater Corrosion. Phase V. Summary (1981)

Abstract : Specimens of germanium, chalcogenide glass, and zinc selenide were submerged in seawater for testing periods up to 4 months and the deterioration of their surface was noted. Some of the specimens tested were coated with single- or multiple-layer antireflection (AR) coatings, while others had protective coatings of various types or were bare. The specimens were subjected (when submerged, out of the water, or both) to several procedures designed to inhibit fouling. Chalcogenide AMTIR-1 (Ge33As12Se55) glass specimens and germanium coated with AMTIR-1 chalcogenide glass exhibited excellent corrosion resistance. The multilayer durable antireflective coating, Exotic Materials 40100, although not as corrosion-resistant as chalcogenide glass coating, exhibited the best corrosion resistance of all the AR coatings tested in the study. Antireflective, thick carbon coating applied to germanium by Honeywell, Inc, provided good corrosion resistance but still suffered from a larger amount of pinholes than the best multilayer AR coating tested. It had the advantage, however, of excellent hardness and scratch resistance which was significantly superior to any other coating tested in this study.
Effects of Sleep Position on Infant Motor Development (1998)

The pattern of early motor development is affected by sleep position. Prone sleepers attain several motor milestones earlier than supine sleepers. However, all infants achieved all milestones within the accepted normal age range. Pediatricians can use this information to reassure parents. This difference in milestone attainment is not a reason to abandon the American Academy of Pediatrics' sleep position recommendations.
Anthracimycin, a Potent Anthrax Antibiotic from a Marine‐Derived Actinomycete (2013)

Licensed to kill: A new antibiotic, anthracimycin (see scheme), produced by a marine-derived actinomycete in saline culture, shows significant activity toward Bacillus anthracis, the bacterial pathogen responsible for anthrax infections. Chlorination of anthracimycin gives a dichloro derivative that retains activity against Gram-positive bacteria, such as anthrax, but also shows activity against selected Gram-negative bacteria.
<i>D</i> <i>X</i> centers in Si-doped Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>As grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1990)

Three levels corresponding to photo energies E0(=1.7 eV), E1(=1.43 eV), and E2 (=energy gap) were observed in differential photocapacitance measurements of Si-doped AlxGa1−xAs grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (0.23&lt;x&lt;0.4). On the other hand, E1 and E2 were observed but E0 was not observed in the differential photoconductance measurements. Both photon energies E1 and E2 cause persistent photoconductance (PPC) and the electron concentration coincides with the concentration of Si atoms. Our results support the broken-bond model proposed by D. J. Chadi and K. J. Chang [Phys. Rev. B 39, 10063 (1989)].
Proteomics: a strategy to understand the novel targets in protein misfolding and cancer therapy (2010)

Proteins carry out important functions as they fold themselves. Protein misfolding occurs during different biochemical processes and may lead to the development of diseases such as cancer, which is characterized by genetic instability. The cancer microenvironment exposes malignant cells to a variety of stressful conditions that may further promote protein misfolding. Tumor development and progression often arises from mutations that interfere with the appropriate function of tumor-suppressor proteins and oncogenes. These may be due to alteration of catalytic activity of the protein, loss of binding sites for effector proteins or alterations of the native folded protein conformation. Src family kinases, p53, mTOR and C-terminus of HSC70 interacting protein (CHIPs) are some examples associated with protein misfolding and tumorigenesis. Molecular chaperones, such as heat-shock protein (HSP)70 and HSP90, assist protein folding and recognize target misfolded proteins for degradation. It is likely that this misfolding in cancer is linked by common principles, and may, therefore, present an exciting possibility to identify common targets for therapeutic intervention. Here we aim to review a number of examples that show how alterations in the folding of tumor-suppressor proteins or oncogenes lead to tumorigenesis. The possibility of targeting the targets to repair or degrade protein misfolding in cancer therapy is discussed.
Neuron-synapse ic chip-set for large-scale chaotic neural networks (2003)

We propose a neuron-synapse integrated circuit (IC) chip-set for large-scale chaotic neural networks. We use switched-capacitor (SC) circuit techniques to implement a three-internal-state transiently-chaotic neural network model. The SC chaotic neuron chip faithfully reproduces complex chaotic dynamics in real numbers through continuous state variables of the analog circuitry. We can digitally control most of the model parameters by means of programmable capacitive arrays embedded in the SC chaotic neuron chip. Since the output of the neuron is transfered into a digital pulse according to the all-or-nothing property of an axon, we design a synapse chip with digital circuits. We propose a memory-based synapse circuit architecture to achieve a rapid calculation of a vast number of weighted summations. Both of the SC neuron and the digital synapse circuits have been fabricated as IC forms. We have tested these IC chips extensively, and confirmed the functions and performance of the chip-set. The proposed neuron-synapse IC chip-set makes it possible to construct a scalable and reconfigurable large-scale chaotic neural network with 10000 neurons and 10000/sup 2/ synaptic connections.
Biaryls Made Easy: PEPPSI and the Kumada–Tamao–Corriu Reaction (2006)

An easily employed, highly versatile Kumada-Tamao-Corriu (KTC) protocol utilizing the PEPPSI (Pyridine, Enhanced, Precatalyst, Preparation, Stabilization and Initiation) precatalysts 1 and 2 is detailed. The ease-of-use of these catalysts and the synthesis of a wide range of hindered biaryls, large coupling partners and drug-like heterocycles, in high yield, makes the PEPPSI-KTC protocol very attractive. The high reactivity of the PEPPSI system allowed a tetra-ortho-substituted heterocycle, 11 to be synthesized at room temperature for the first time using any protocol. The PEPPSI protocols also tolerated the Boc protecting group and phenols required no protection in modified conditions. A relatively large scale (10 g) reaction was also performed with no loss in performance. Furthermore, PEPPSI-IPr, 1, was compared to previously reported highly active phosphine ligands 42, 43, and 44 and was shown to result in significantly better yields under identical conditions. Finally, we demonstrated that the PEPPSI catalyst system is very adept at performing sequential KTC coupling reactions, analogous to multicomponent reactions, which allow complex polyaryl and polyheteroaryl architectures to be produced in one single operation.
Integrons found in different locations have identical 5' ends but variable 3' ends (1994)

The positions of the outer boundaries of the 5'- and 3'-conserved segment sequences of integrons found at several different locations have been determined. The position of the 5' end of the 5'-conserved segment is the same for six independently located integrons, In1 (R46), In2 (Tn21), In3 (R388), In4 (Tn1696), In5 (pSCH884), and In0 (pVS1). However, the extent of the 3'-conserved segment differs in each integron. The sequences of In2 and In0 diverge first from the conserved sequence, and their divergence point corresponds to the 3'-conserved segment endpoint defined previously (H.W. Stokes and R.M. Hall, Mol. Microbiol. 3:1669-1683, 1989), which now represents the endpoint of a 359-base deletion in In0 and In2. The sequence identity in In3, In1, In4, and In5 extends beyond this point, but each sequence diverges from the conserved sequence at a different point within a short region. Insertions of IS6100 were identified adjacent to the end of the conserved region in In1 and 123 bases beyond the divergence point of In4. These 123 bases are identical to the sequence found at the mer end of the 11.2-kb insertion in Tn21 but are inverted. In5 and In0 are bounded by the same 25-base inverted repeat that bounds the 11.2-kb insert in Tn21, and this insert now corresponds to In2. However, while In0, In2, and In5 have features characteristic of transposable elements, differences in the structures of these three integrons and the absence of evidence of mobility currently preclude the identification of all of the sequences associated with a functional transposon of this type.
Nonlinear image analysis for fuzzy classification of breast cancer (2002)

Nonlinear image processing proves to be a powerful tool for segmenting images preserving only the interesting regions; those are the cells' nucleus (CN) in this application. All CN are preserved and identified even if they are in a cluster, while the rest of the image is considered to be part of the background. The morphological segmentation makes it possible to calculate outstanding features that could not be obtained by simple observation. These are passed to a fuzzy classifier which decides the probability of the biopsy to belong to a high or low cancer level. Obtaining these measures by human observation is a hard, and nonprecise task. The extracted features will make it possible to reach a parametric classification that is more efficient than the subjective classification made by human observation.
Blind equalization using higher order cumulants and neural network (1994)

The paper develops a new method to achieve blind equalization in digital communication for linear finite impulse response (FIR) systems, whether the systems are minimum phase or not. This new approach divides the problem into two parts. First, it employs the characteristic of the linear system to estimate the original channel based on the fourth-order cumulants instead of time samples of the channel output. Thus, nonminimum phase channels can be handled. Second, it utilizes the nonlinear characteristics of the neural network to build an inverse system (equalizer) for the original channel. This is done by using the estimated channel as a reference system to train the neural network. The neural network helps the equalizer to reduce the degree of model uncertainty and makes the equalizer resistant to additive noise. Taking the advantages of both linear and nonlinear systems, this new scheme works well for both stationary and nonstationary cases and leads to good equalization results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Policy Based Data Management (2011)

Next generation data grid technologies automate policy enforcement, as exemplified by the integrated Rule-Oriented Data System (iRODS). The combination of data grid virtualization mechanisms with policy based data management makes it possible to automate administrative functions, enforce policies such as distribution, retention, disposition, replication, and periodically validate assessment criteria. In this paper, we provide brief outlines of production-level use cases for iRODS being undertaken around the world.
Identifying Reading Disabilities by Responsiveness-to-Instruction: Specifying Measures and Criteria (2004)

First, we describe two types of assessment (problem solving and standard treatment protocol) within a “responsiveness-to-instruction” framework to identify learning disabilities. We then specify two necessary components (measures and classification criteria) to assess responsiveness-to-instruction, and present pertinent findings from two related studies. These studies involve databases at grades 1 and 2, which were analyzed to compare the soundness of alternative methods of assessing instructional responsiveness to identify reading disabilities. Finally, conclusions are drawn and future research is outlined to prospectively and longitudinally explore classification issues that emerged from our analyses.
A new species of Ceutorhynchus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Ceutorhynchinae) from the Tatra Mountains in Slovakia (2012)

Krátký, Jiří (2012): A new species of Ceutorhynchus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Ceutorhynchinae) from the Tatra Mountains in Slovakia. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (1): 259-265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5330204
Purification and characterization of a novel FMN‐dependent enzyme (1992)

Membrane-bound L-(+)-pantoyl lactone dehydrogenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of ketopantoyl lactone from L-(+)-pantoyl lactone, was solubilized with Brij 35 and purified 78-fold to apparent homogeneity, with a 3.7% overall recovery, from Nocardia asteroides through purification procedures including successive ammonium sulfate fractionation, and DEAE-Sephacel, Sepharose CL-6B and Cellulofine GC-700-m column chromatography in the presence of Brij 35. The relative molecular mass of the native enzyme, as estimated on high-performance gel-permeation chromatography, is at least more than 600 kDa and its subunit molecular mass is 42 kDa. The enzyme shows high specificity for L-(+)-pantoyl lactone as a substrate (Km = 26.8 mM; Vmax = 4.22 mumol.min-1.mg protein-1). Brij 35 acts as a stabilizer and also as an efficient activator of the enzyme. The prosthetic group of L-(+)-pantoyl lactone dehydrogenase was identified as noncovalently bound FMN.
Amino acid sequence homology between Piv, an essential protein in site-specific DNA inversion in Moraxella lacunata, and transposases of an unusual family of insertion elements (1994)

Deletion analysis of the subcloned DNA inversion region of Moraxella lacunata indicates that Piv is the only M. lacunata-encoded factor required for site-specific inversion of the tfpQ/tfpI pilin segment. The predicted amino acid sequence of Piv shows significant homology solely with the transposases/integrases of a family of insertion sequence elements, suggesting that Piv is a novel site-specific recombinase.
Characterization of selected strains of mucorales using fatty acid profiles (1998)

The fatty acid profiles of several fungi of the order Mucorales (Zygomycetes), including Backusella lamprospora (Lendner) Benny and R.K. Benj., Benjaminiella youngii P.M. Kirk, Circinella simplex van Tieghem, Cunninghamella blakesleeana Lendner, Mortierella ramanniana (Möller) Linnem., Mucor circinelloides f. janssenii (Lendner) Schipper, Mycotypha microspora Fenner, Rhizomucor miehei (Cooney and R. Emerson) Schipper and Rhizomucor pusillus (Lindt) Schipper, and of Volutella sp. Fr., from the class Ascomycetes, were qualitatively analysed by gas-liquid chromatography in order to determine the taxonomic value of these chemotaxonomic markers. The fatty acids present in all strains were palmitic (16:0), oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2) and <FONT FACE="Symbol">g</FONT>-linolenic (18:3) acid, with the exception that the latter was not found in Volutella sp. Chemotaxonomic markers for some species and genera were obtained, including a non-identified fatty acid, FAME8 (minimum and maximum retention times of 27.92 and 28.28 minutes) for Rhizomucor miehei CCT 2236 and Rhizomucor pusillus CCT 4133, and FAME3 (minimum and maximum of 16.53 and 16.61 minutes) for Benjaminiella youngii CCT 4121. The chemotaxonomic marker of the order Mucorales was the fatty acid 18:3<FONT FACE="Symbol">w</FONT>6, confirming previous data from literature. The results of the present study suggest that qualitative fatty acid analysis can be an important chemotaxonomic tool for the classification of fungi assigned to the order Mucorales (Zygomycetes).
An Exploration of Parameter Redundancy in Deep Networks with Circulant Projections (2015)

We explore the redundancy of parameters in deep neural networks by replacing the conventional linear projection in fully-connected layers with the circulant projection. The circulant structure substantially reduces memory footprint and enables the use of the Fast Fourier Transform to speed up the computation. Considering a fully-connected neural network layer with d input nodes, and d output nodes, this method improves the time complexity from O(d2) to O(dlogd) and space complexity from O(d2) to O(d). The space savings are particularly important for modern deep convolutional neural network architectures, where fully-connected layers typically contain more than 90% of the network parameters. We further show that the gradient computation and optimization of the circulant projections can be performed very efficiently. Our experiments on three standard datasets show that the proposed approach achieves this significant gain in storage and efficiency with minimal increase in error rate compared to neural networks with unstructured projections.
Relationship between Arousal Intensity and Heart Rate Response to Arousal (2014)

Arousal intensity, quantified by wavelet transform, is strongly associated with arousal-related tachycardia, and the gain of the relationship varies among subjects. Quantifying arousal intensity in PSGs provides additional information that may be clinically relevant.
Pillar Bump Technology and Integrated Embedded Passive Devices (2006)

In this paper, we will discuss the copper pillar bump structure and comparison will be made with standard solder bump and its advantages. Temperature cycles and high temperature storage reliability on QFN using copper pillar bump were performed. Results show that copper pillar bump can withstand up to 5000 cycles of mechanical stress test without mechanical and electrical failure. Electrical performance was discussed in term of current carrying density and comparison done with standard solder bump and its mean time to failure (MTTF) defined. The pillar bumps show that its MTTF is 2.3 times better than standard bump. JCAP (Jiangyin Changdian Advanced Packaging) uses the copper pillar bump technology and extend the technology to fabricate passive devices onto the chip. This application will improve the electrical performance and also the improve board space utilization
Drug Effects on the Metabolism of Endamoeba Histolytica; in Vitro and in Vivo Tests of Synergism (1953)

Summary 1. An in vitro method is described for measuring the anaerobic metabolism of E. histolytica in terms of acid and CO2 formation, utilizing manometric technics. 2. The effects of several agents on the metabolic activity of amebas have been studied. Synergism was observed when drug combinations were tested in vitro, notably with fumagillin and terramycin and with fumagillin and thiocarbarsone (C.C. 914). 3. Four of five naturally infected macaques were cleared over a 12 week period when ¼ the smallest effective oral dose of fumagillin and terramycin (each 12.5 mgm./Kg.) were given together daily over ten days.
Reservoir Studies With Geostatistics To Forecast Performance (1991)

Summary Example geostatistics and streamtube applications are presented for waterflood and CO2 flood in two low-permeability sandstone reservoirs. The hybrid approach of combining fine vertical resolution in cross-sectional models with streamtubes resulted in models that showed water channeling and provided realistic performance estimates. Results indicate that the combination of detailed geostatistical cross sections and fine-grid streamtube models offers a systematic approach for realistic performance forecasts.
Inhibition of Cell Division Induced by External Guide Sequences (EGS Technology) Targeting ftsZ (2012)

EGS (external guide sequence) technology is a promising approach to designing new antibiotics. EGSs are short antisense oligoribonucleotides that induce RNase P-mediated cleavage of a target RNA by forming a precursor tRNA-like complex. The ftsZ mRNA secondary structure was modeled and EGSs complementary to two regions with high probability of being suitable targets were designed. In vitro reactions showed that EGSs targeting these regions bound ftsZ mRNA and elicited RNase P-mediated cleavage of ftsZ mRNA. A recombinant plasmid, pEGSb1, coding for an EGS that targets region "b" under the control of the T7 promoter was generated. Upon introduction of this plasmid into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)(pLysS) the transformant strain formed filaments when expression of the EGS was induced. Concomitantly, E. coli harboring pEGSb1 showed a modest but significant inhibition of growth when synthesis of the EGSb1 was induced. Our results indicate that EGS technology could be a viable strategy to generate new antimicrobials targeting ftsZ.
Studies on Pyrimidine Derivatives. XI. Reaction of Ethoxycarbonylacetamidine with &beta;-Dicarbonyl Compounds (1979)

Thermal condensation of ethyl 2-ethoxycarbonylacetimidate (I') with 2-ethoxycarbonylacetamidine (II') provided a good yield of ethyl 6-amino-3, 4-dihydro-4-oxo-2-pyrimidine-acetate (IIIa). Treatment of the amidine (II') with β-dicarbonyl compounds under basic conditions exclusively afforded the corresponding ethyl 2-aminonicotinates. On the other hand, 2-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-ethoxycarbonylacetamidine (VIII) which was obtained by the Michael reaction of II' with acrylonitrile, reacted with acetylacetone to give ethyl 3-cyano-2-(4, 6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl) butyrate (XVII). Similarly, ethyl 2-(4, 6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-3-phenylpropionate (XX) was synthesized through the condensation of II' with benzyl chloride and successive treatment with acetylacetone.
Infrared photography (1996)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text MICHAEL E. KNOTTS, "Infrared photography," Optics & Photonics News 7(9), 52-53 (1996) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Low PM noise regenerative dividers (2002)

This paper describes the various contributions to the PM noise added oscillating regenerative divide-by-two (halver). Two circuits are investigated: a 100 MHz to 50 MHz divider and a 18.4 GHz to 9.2 GHz divider. Several configurations of the 100 MHz to 50 MHz divider were studied. It was found that the broadband noise floor is determined by the thermal noise of the amplifier. We found that the thermal noise of the amplifier at the image frequency (3/2) v/sub o/, unless eliminated, contributes to the thermal noise of the divider and thus increases the broadband noise by 3 dB. A PM noise performance of /spl Lscr/(f)=10/sup -14.4//f+10/sup -17.9/ was ultimately achieved using a medium drive power mixer. PM noise measurements of the 18.4 GHz to 9.2 GHz divider show that the broadband noise is /spl Lscr/(10 MHz)=-168 dB below the carrier in a 1 Hz bandwidth (dBc/Hz), probably limited by the measurement system noise. A close-in noise of /spl Lscr/(10 Hz)=-136 dBc/Hz and /spl Lscr/(10 kHz)=-157 dBc/Hz was achieved. This design could easily be extended to 40 GHz and beyond, limited only by the availability of the mixer.