gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Isolates Infect CD4-Negative Cells via CCR5 and CXCR4: Comparison with HIV-1 and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Relevance to Cell Tropism In Vivo (1999)

Cell surface receptors exploited by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) for infection are major determinants of tropism. HIV-1 usually requires two receptors to infect cells. Gp120 on HIV-1 virions binds CD4 on the cell surface, triggering conformational rearrangements that create or expose a binding site for a seven-transmembrane (7TM) coreceptor. Although HIV-2 and SIV strains also use CD4, several laboratory-adapted HIV-2 strains infect cells without CD4, via an interaction with the coreceptor CXCR4. Moreover, the envelope glycoproteins of SIV of macaques (SIV(MAC)) can bind to and initiate infection of CD4(-) cells via CCR5. Here, we show that most primary HIV-2 isolates can infect either CCR5(+) or CXCR4(+) cells without CD4. The efficiency of CD4-independent infection by HIV-2 was comparable to that of SIV, but markedly higher than that of HIV-1. CD4-independent HIV-2 strains that could use both CCR5 and CXCR4 to infect CD4(+) cells were only able to use one of these receptors in the absence of CD4. Our observations therefore indicate (i) that HIV-2 and SIV envelope glycoproteins form a distinct conformation that enables contact with a 7TM receptor without CD4, and (ii) the use of CD4 enables a wider range of 7TM receptors to be exploited for infection and may assist adaptation or switching to new coreceptors in vivo. Primary CD4(-) fetal astrocyte cultures expressed CXCR4 and supported replication by the T-cell-line-adapted ROD/B strain. Productive infection by primary X4 strains was only triggered upon treatment of virus with soluble CD4. Thus, many primary HIV-2 strains infect CCR5(+) or CXCR4(+) cell lines without CD4 in vitro. CD4(-) cells that express these coreceptors in vivo, however, may still resist HIV-2 entry due to insufficient coreceptor concentration on the cell surface to trigger fusion or their expression in a conformation nonfunctional as a coreceptor. Our study, however, emphasizes that primary HIV-2 strains carry the potential to infect CD4(-) cells expressing CCR5 or CXCR4 in vivo.
Polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites for structural vibration damping and strain sensing (2016)

Abstract
High-precision estimation of split PS-wave time delays and polarization directions (2013)

ABSTRACT The measurement of split PS-wave time delays and polarization directions is notoriously difficult in field data, partly because the signals are small and overprinted by competing mechanisms. This contribution describes a new processing method that suppresses many of the overprinted traveltime and amplitude anomalies, allowing depth-averaged split PS-wave time delays and polarization directions to be measured simply and precisely. These depth-averaged properties are then inverted using a simple forward model, allowing an earth model of split PS-wave time delays and polarization azimuths to be estimated without the need for layer stripping. In the field data used as an example, the processing and inversion methods are used to estimate split PS-wave time delays and polarization directions for ten layers spanning about 500 m depth from the seabed downward. Inversions using data-error covariances estimated from prestack data show model uncertainties less than 0.3 ms of time delay and 3° of polarization azimuth. However, it is clear that if the data-error covariances cannot be estimated from prestack data, due to low fold for example, model uncertainties would rise considerably. Repeating the inversions using data-error covariances of a postulated form leads to a range of maximum-likelihood models. When the data-error covariances cannot be estimated from prestack data, it seems reasonable to report precision levels implied by the spread of maximum-likelihood models, which in this case is up to 0.5 ms of time delay and 20° of polarization azimuth. The principal achievement of this processing and inversion scheme is to constrain a relatively large number of depth layers with similar levels of model uncertainty. The depth resolution available to this new method may have important implications for the development of tight-gas and shale-gas plays, in which variations of stress, strain, and fracture properties in discrete layers are important.
Numerical Generation of 3D Curvilinear Coordinate Systems and Computational Grids for Aircraft Configurations. (1985)

This report describes the progress in research on the properties of the Lockheed 3-D elliptic grid generation procedure and improvement of its capabilities for treating complex geometric features characteristic of aircraft configurations. Two areas of weakness in the original technique relate to the fundamentally important capability for generating curved-surface grids as a necessary prerequisite for generating 3-D space grids. These weaknesses were (1) difficulties associated with the limitations of Cartesian coordinates for describing convex surfaces; and problems in controlling the orthogonality of the grid near boundaries. The bulk of the first year's research resulted in development of a generalized system of elliptic grid generation equations that allow both the surface and the grid to be described in terms of an arbitrary system of curvilinear coordinates. Research in the second year was concerned primarily with the problem of grid orthogonality near boundaries. Three approaches investigated to improve the control that the user has over the angle at which grid lines intersect the boundaries were: (1) refinement of the original techniques; (2) development of techniques for marching from a given boundary using the angle as an initial condition; and (3) derivation of a fourth-order system that permits additional boundary conditions on the grid intersection angle. Keywords: Computational grid generation; Elliptic grid generation.
Über Anzeigen, Arbeitsproben und Äppelwoi: Wie man sich von A/B nach X/U verfranzen kann (1988)

Zusammenfassung„Von A nach B in nur 30 Minuten“ — das ist die Headline einer Anzeige von Apple, die mit einer Arbeitsprobe sehr eindrucksvoll zeigt, was Desktop Publishing alles vermag.
NEW GERANYLGERANYLBENZOQUINONE DERIVATIVES FROM <i>SARGASSUM TORTILE</i> (1979)

Abstract From the brown alga, Sargassum tortile, seven new benzoquinones and hydroquinones bearing diterpenoid side chains were isolated. 2-Geranylgeranyl-6-methylbenzoquinone, which is likely to be a basic substance of the diterpenoid-substituted benzoquinones distributed in many Sargassum species, was also obtained.
Demulsification of W/O emulsion at petroleum field and reservoir conditions using some demulsifiers based on polyethylene and propylene oxides (2016)

In this work, polymer molecules of alkene oxides diesters with varying HLB values and molecular weights (ED1, ED2, ED3, PD1, PD2 and PD3) were synthesized, elsewhere (Alsabagh et al., 2016). The demulsification efficiency was evaluated at field and reservoir conditions. At field conditions (60 °C and 1 atm) the data revealed that the maximum demulsification efficiency was obtained by ED3 and PD3 at 60 °C, 600 ppm after 55 and 40 min, respectively. At reservoir conditions (85 °C and 5000 psi), the PD3 and ED3 showed also the maximum demulsification efficiency was 76% and 70%, respectively, in spite of the 2% from the blank emulsion (12% BS&W) separated after 7 days. The interfacial tension (IFT) at the crude oil/water interface was measured for PD3 and ED3. From the results, it was found that the values of IFT were 0.7 and 0.8 mN m−1 respectively. The rheological behavior of the same demulsifiers was investigated. The results showed that the demulsifiers PD3 and ED3 enhance the dynamic viscosities (3.9 and 3.8 mPa s, respectively) and the (τB) yield values were 0.77 and 1.23 Pa s, respectively at temperature 85 °C, whereas, they were 3.95 mPa s and 1.5 Pa s for the blank emulsion sample.
Development and dynamics of robust T-cell responses to CML under imatinib treatment (2008)

Novel molecular targeted therapies, such as imatinib for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), represent the first agents that inhibit cancer cells more than other dividing cells, such as immune cells. We hypothesize that imatinib may create a window in which the immune response is partially restored while apoptotic leukemic cells are present, thus rendering leukemic cells immunogenic as patients enter remission. To detect and quantify antileukemia immune responses in an antigen-unbiased way, we used cryopreserved autologous pretreatment blood samples (representing predominantly leukemic cells) as stimulators to detect antileukemia T-cell responses in CML patients in remission on imatinib. We studied patients over time to address the dynamics of such responses. Our data show that antileukemia T-cell responses develop in the majority of CML patients (9 of 14) in remission and that CD4(+) T cells producing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (median 17.6%) represent the major response over interferon-gamma. This confirms the immune system's ability to respond to leukemia under certain conditions. Such responses may be further amplified as a potential therapy that synergizes with imatinib for improved control of CML.
Literaturgeschichte und weibliche memoria (1995)

Die Ahnherrinnen einer feministischen — oder doch zumindest femininen — Literaturkritik stammen aus der Romania. Daß wir als Romanistinnen und Romanisten nichts, bestenfalls sehr wenig über sie wissen, verweist sogleich auf einen zentralen Problembereich des vorliegenden Bandes, jenen der literaturwissenschaftlichen Kanonbildung. Es waren französische und italienische Autorinnen, die bereits im späten Mittelalter und in der Frühen Neuzeit ebenso scharfsinnig wie folgenreich "als Frau lasen" (Jonathan Culler).
Spatio-temporal representation for face authentication by using multi-task learning with human attributes (2016)

For human identification, facial motion is useful in representing specific dynamic signature. In this paper, we present an effective spatio-temporal representation from facial motion as well as appearance by devising a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN). To maintain the intra-class invariance with limited number of training samples, a multi-task learning approach with human attributes, which are high-level semantic descriptions for identity, has been proposed. Identity-related human attributes can be leveraged to learn the 3D CNN. Comparative experiment has showed that the proposed method improves the performance of the face-based authentication system compared to conventional methods by effectively encoding facial appearance and motions with identity-related human attributes.
Use of nonradioactive DNA hybridization for identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli harboring genes for colonization factor antigen I, coli surface antigen 4, or putative colonization factor O166 (1992)

We developed an accurate nonradioactive colony hybridization assay (NCHA) using a digoxigenin-labeled polynucleotide probe and an antidigoxigenin alkaline phosphatase conjugate for the identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) harboring genes for colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I), coli surface antigen 4 (CS4), or putative colonization factor O166 (PCFO166). In this 2-day assay, visual registration of color intensity could be used to distinguish between CFA/I-positive strains and strains with the genetic potential to express CS4 or PCFO166. A rapid NCHA was developed by which the results could be read visually 7 h and 45 min after inoculation of the bacteria. In the rapid NCHA, densitometry verified the visual discrimination between four groups of E. coli; ETEC with the CFA/I gene, ETEC with the CS4 gene, ETEC with the PCFO166 gene, and E. coli strains that lack such genes. As a confirmatory test, plasmids from ETEC with the CFA/I, CS4, or PCFO166 gene were differentiated by their characteristic restriction fragment patterns in nonradioactive Southern blot hybridization.
Regional intralymphatic infusion (ILI) of irradiated tumor cells with evidence of distant effects (1977)

A case of canine lymphoma with radiographically-documented involvement of the para-aortic nodes is reported. Intralymphatic infusions (ILI) of cultured irradiated autochthonous tumor cells to remote lymph node bearing areas were associated with a dramatic initial shrinkage of the para-aortic lymphadenopathies. Three ILI timing schedules were used consecutively during a course of 10 treatments, allowing a comparison of responses in the same animal. The reported case suggests that a normal lymph node can be effectively "stimulated" by the same agent approximately every 3 weeks. A possible schedule for intralymphatic infusion is proposed for further investigation.
Directional diagnosis for wireless sensor networks (2011)

Network diagnosis is crucial in managing a wireless sensor network (WSN) since many network-related faults, such as node and link failures, can easily happen. Diagnosis tools usually consist of two key components, information collection and root-cause deduction, while in most cases information collection process is independent with root-cause deduction. This results in either redundant information which might pose high communication burden on WSNs, or incomplete information for root-cause inference that leads false judgments. To address the issue, we propose DID, a directional diagnosis approach, in which the diagnosis information acquirement is guided by the fault inference process. Through several rounds of incremental information probing and fault reasoning, root causes of the network abnormalities with high credibility are deduced. We employ a node tracing scheme to reconstruct the topical topology of faulty regions and build the inference model accordingly. We implement the DID approach in our forest monitoring sensor network system, GreenOrbs. Experimental results validate the scalability and effectiveness of this design.
Spectroscopic data for infrared transitions in CaGa2S4:Dy3+ and KPb2Cl5:Dy3+ (1998)

We have identified two low phonon energy hosts that we believe will allow lasing in the mid-IR spectral region (4-10 μm). CaGa2S4 (calcium thiogallate) and KPb2Cl5 (potassium lead chloride) are both non-hygroscopic and readily incorporate rare earth ions. Spectroscopic data for these two crystalline hosts are presented, and the possibility of lasing in the mid-IR at room temperature is discussed.
Phase I study of PM00104, a novel cytotoxic anti-cancer drug, administered to patients with advanced solid tumors or lymphoma (2007)

2517 Background: PM00104 (Zalypsis [Z]) is a novel synthetic alkaloid related to the marine compounds Jorumycin and the family of Renieramycins. Preliminary analyses of its mechanisms of action suggest effects on the cell cycle, DNA binding properties, as well as transcriptional inhibition. Z has shown antitumor activity in vitro (IC 50 =10 -8 M) and in xenografts models, and an acceptable toxicology profile. Methods: Patients (pts) with advanced cancers or lymphoma were enrolled to determine the safety, tolerability, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended dose (RD), pharmacokinetics (PK) and antitumor activity of Z administered as a 1- hour IV infusion every 3 weeks. Sequential cohorts of 3–6 pts received the following doses: 0.225, 0.45, 0.9, 1.8, 3.0 and 3.6 mg/m 2 . Results: 27 pts were treated (19 M; median age: 58, range: 39–79; ECOG PS =2). 2 of 6 pts at 3.6 mg/m 2 experienced dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), defining the MTD; 1 pt with colorectal cancer with extensive liver metastases developed grade 4 thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, grade 3 transaminase elevation, and grade 4 troponin I rise without cardiac symptoms or electrocardiogram alterations. These toxicities all resolved. Another pt with adrenal carcinoma developed grade 3 nausea, vomiting and asthenia despite anti-emetics, which resolved with dexamethasone 2 days after infusion. Other toxicities were =grade 2 and included: nausea, vomiting, transient transaminase elevation and asthenia at doses =0.225 mg/m 2 and myelosuppression (neutropenia and leukopenia) at doses =3.0 mg/m 2 . No DLTs were seen in 6 pts at a dose of 3.0 mg/m 2 , establishing this dose as the RD. 3 more pts were added to complete the expanded cohort at this RD. To date, 2 pts have SD lasting >3 months. PK data indicate that drug AUC and C max increase proportionally across the dose range until doses =3.0 mg/m 2 , when a disproportionate increase in AUC and C max was seen. Z has a long half-life (=50 hours) and wide volume of distribution (Vss ∼500 l/m 2 ). Conclusions: Z has a favorable safety profile. The MTD on this schedule has been established at 3.6 mg/m 2 . Alternative schedules are being evaluated to try and increase dose intensity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Feminism: A Fourth Wave? (2013)

The internet has emerged as an increasingly important space for feminist activists. Are we witnessing a shift from third- to fourth-wave feminism? Ealasaid Munro examines the history of feminism and looks at what contemporary developments might mean for feminist politics.
Sequence-variant repeats of MUC1 show higher conformational flexibility, are less densely O-glycosylated and induce differential B lymphocyte responses (2005)

The human epithelial cancer mucin MUC1 is able to break tolerance and to induce humoral immune responses in healthy subjects and in cancer patients. We recently showed that clusters of sequence-variant repeats are interspersed in the repeat domain of MUC1 at high frequency, which should contribute to the structural and immunological features of the mucin. Here we elucidated the potential effects exerted by sequence-variant repeats on their O-glycosylation. Evidence from in vitro glycosylation with polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases GalNAc-T1 and GalNAc-T2 in concert with mass spectrometric analyses of in vivo glycosylated MUC1 probes from transiently transfected HEK293 cells indicated reduced glycosylation densities of repeats with three concerted replacements: AHGVTSAPESRPAPGSTAPA. The Pro to Ala replacement in STAPA exerts not only proximal effects on the ppGalNAc-T2 preferred site at -3 and -4, but also more distant effects on the ppGalNAc-T1 preferred site at -15 (TSAPESRPAPGSTAPA). We also examined the conformational changes of MUC1 glycopeptides induced by the concerted DT to ES replacements and revealed a higher conformational flexibility of ES/P peptides compared to DT/P peptides. Differences in conformational flexibilities and in O-glycosylation densities could underlie the observed differential humoral responses in humans. We were able to show that the natural immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to the repeat domain of MUC1 in sera from nonmalignant control subjects are preferentially directed to variant repeat clusters. In contrast, the IgG response in patients with adenocarcinoma shifted to higher frequencies of preferential DTR peptide binding.
Methyl Groups as Probes for Proteins and Complexes in In-Cell NMR Experiments (2004)

Studying protein components of large intracellular complexes by in-cell NMR has so far been impossible because the backbone resonances are unobservable due to their slow tumbling rates. We describe a methodology that overcomes this difficulty through selective labeling of methyl groups, which possess more favorable relaxation behavior. Comparison of different in-cell labeling schemes with three different proteins, calmodulin, NmerA, and FKBP, shows that selective labeling with [(13)C]methyl groups on methionine and alanine provides excellent sensitivity with low background levels at very low costs.
Influence of Cobalt Contamination in the Measurement of Diffusion Length of Silicon Wafers (2003)

Si bulk lifetime techniques are really sensitive to Co after dr ive-in step performed by RTP: the bulk diffusion length is strongly reduced, even at very low level of contamination. In case of p-type silicon, we point out that low energy photodissociation enhances this decrease, showing a pairing behavior of Co that has demonstrated to be with Boron, as for t he well known Fe-B pairs. A detailed study of the interaction of Co with Si which has been foc used on the detection of Co in Si using bulk lifetime methods, especially the SPV technique has been ca rried out. Evidence of recombination centers related to Co by Deep Level Transient Spect roscopy (DLTS) is shown, along with the activation of Co, its recovery kinetics in p-type Si and the low limi t of detection of the SPV technique.
Apoptotic surge of potassium currents is mediated by p38 phosphorylation of Kv2.1 (2007)

Kv2.1, the primary delayed rectifying potassium channel in neurons, is extensively regulated by phosphorylation. Previous reports have described Kv2.1 phosphorylation events affecting channel gating and the impact of this process on cellular excitability. Kv2.1, however, also provides the critical exit route for potassium ions during neuronal apoptosis via p38 MAPK-dependent membrane insertion, resulting in a pronounced enhancement of K(+) currents. Here, electrophysiological and viability studies using Kv2.1 channel mutants identify a p38 phosphorylation site at Ser-800 (S800) that is required for Kv2.1 membrane insertion, K(+) current surge, and cell death. In addition, a phospho-specific antibody for S800 detects a p38-dependent increase in Kv2.1 phosphorylation in apoptotic neurons and reveals phosphorylation of S800 in immunopurified channels incubated with active p38. Consequently, phosphorylation of Kv2.1 residue S800 by p38 leads to trafficking and membrane insertion during apoptosis, and remarkably, the absence of S800 phosphorylation is sufficient to prevent completion of the cell death program.
Hyperbranched Poly[allyl ether-<i>alt</i>-maleic anhydride] Produced by the Self-Condensing Alternating Copolymerization Approach (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTHyperbranched Poly[allyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride] Produced by the Self-Condensing Alternating Copolymerization ApproachHewen Liu and Carl-Eric WilénView Author Information Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, Åbo, SF-20500, Finland Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 14, 5067–5070Publication Date (Web):June 2, 2001Publication History Received25 January 2001Revised27 April 2001Published online2 June 2001Published inissue 1 July 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0101512https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0101512brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views409Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Allyl group,Copolymerization,Ethers,Polymers,Vinyl Get e-Alerts