gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Synthesis of Mono- and Dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines via Pummerer Reaction: Effects of Methoxyl Groups on Intramolecular Cyclization. (1998)

A synthesis of 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (TIQs)(23) with one and two methoxyl groups at various positions of the benzene ring was achieved via the intramolecular cyclization of N-(aryl)methyl-2-(phenylsulfinyl)ethylamines (9) using the Pummerer reaction as a key step. The reaction was carried out by using trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA)(method A) of TFAA-BF3·Et2O (method B). The cyclization to 4-SPhTIQs (11) proceeded effectively when the reaction center at the benzene ring was electronically activated by a methoxyl group. In the reaction of the sulfoxide (9e) having two OMe groups at ortho- and para-positions a different cyclization reaction leading to a benzothiazepine (12) was observed, indicating that the high nucleophilicity of the benzene ring caused the unexpected reaction prior to the cyclization to 4-SPhTIQ (11e). The route starting from methoxylated benzaldehydes (5) was proved to provide an efficient and convenient method of TIQ synthesis which should be complementary to the well known Pictet-Spengler method.
Hague Conventions and the Reform of English Conflict of Laws (1981)

Over twenty years ago, Horace Read said: "The first half of this century has seen the emergence of legislation as the chief instrument of change and innovation in the law".2 True though this comment was in 1959, it has received added force in the common law world, especially in the Commonwealth, by the 'explosion of law reform' 3 which has taken place since the mid-sixties. The creation of permanent statutory law reform agencies has tilted the balance even further towards legislation as the instrument of legal change. This is for two reasons. Despite the occasional judicial attempt to jump the legislative gun,4 the means of implementing proposals from law reform commissions is by means of legislation, and this is assisted by the practice of many such bodies of appending draft Bills to their final reports. The fact that such agencies exist seems in recent years, in England at least, to have caused the judges in a number of instances to argue that major change in the law is not for them, but for the legislature.
Experiments on soliton motion in annular Josephson junctions (1986)

We report here the results of an extensive experimental investigation of soliton dynamics in Josephson junctions of different annular geometries. The annular geometry is unique in that it allows for the study of undisturbed soliton motion as well as soliton–antisoliton collisons, since there are no boundary effects. We have successfully trapped a single soliton in an annular junction and found good agreement with perturbation theory at low soliton velocity, and evidence of departure from perturbation theory at higher velocity. We also discuss the observation of fine structure on the I-V curve for a single trapped soliton, and evidence linking the stability of the soliton to surface damping.
Bright spot validation using comparative P-wave and S-wave seismic sections (1984)

Coincident P-wave and S-wave CDP lines were shot across the Willow Slough and Putah Sink fields, Yolo County, California, by the 1977-78 Conoco P-Wave/Shear-Wave Group Shoot. The fields produce gas from pay sands in the Cretaceous Starkey and Winters formations. Several of the thicker pay sands correlate with amplitude anomalies on the P-wave sections, and these amplitude anomalies are true seismic bright spots. The equivalent events on the S-wave sections are much lower in relative amplitude when the overall gains of the P and S sections are balanced. The difference in the P and S responses is consistent with laboratory experiments which show that introducing gas into the pore space of a liquid-saturated rock dramatically lowers P velocity but minimally affects S velocity. The experimental lines demonstrate that comparison between the amplitudes of P and S is a diagnostic technique that can be sued to distinguish gas-liquid contacts from lithologic interfaces. An S-wave section validates a P-wave bright spot attributed to gas saturation when there is no anomalous amplitude at the equivalent S-wave event.
Case 48-1970 (1970)

PRESENTATION OF CASEA 45-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a changing cardiac murmur.At the age of 17 years she had been informed that she had a heart murmur. No restrictions were imposed upon her, and she underwent two eventful pregnancies at 23 and 26 years of age. Ten years before admission she began to have episodes of pallor and cyanosis of the hands on exposure to cold; cyanosis was never observed elsewhere. Eight months before entry she was informed that she had hypertension, and treatment with hydroclorothiazide and spironolactone was begun. Three months before admission . . .
Lamin A N-terminal phosphorylation is associated with myoblast activation: impairment in Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (2005)

Altered lamin A/C interplay with a muscle specific phosphorylation partner might be involved in the pathogenic mechanism of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy and limb girdle muscular dystrophy 1B.
The Role of Cardiac Tissue Alignment in Modulating Electrical Function (2007)

Our results show that anisotropic structure is a potent modulator of electrical stability via electrotonus and molecular signaling. Tissue alignment must be taken into account in experimental and computational models of arrhythmia generation and in designing effective treatment therapies.
Label-Free Toxin Detection by Means of Time-Resolved Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (2010)

The real-time detection of trace concentrations of biological toxins requires significant improvement of the detection methods from those reported in the literature. To develop a highly sensitive and selective detection device it is necessary to determine the optimal measuring conditions for the electrochemical sensor in three domains: time, frequency and polarization potential. In this work we utilized a time-resolved electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the detection of trace concentrations of Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB). An anti-SEB antibody has been attached to the nano-porous aluminum surface using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane/glutaraldehyde coupling system. This immobilization method allows fabrication of a highly reproducible and stable sensing device. Using developed immobilization procedure and optimized detection regime, it is possible to determine the presence of SEB at the levels as low as 10 pg/mL in 15 minutes.
Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies with specificity for the S100 beta polypeptide of brain S100 fractions. (1984)

S100 refers to a heterogeneous fraction of low-molecular-weight acidic calcium-binding proteins. We report here production and characterization of two mouse hybridomas that secrete monoclonal antibodies that appear to be specific for the S100 beta polypeptide of brain S100 preparations. By ELISA, RIA, and immunoblotting analysis, the monoclonal antibodies react specifically with S100 beta and show little or no reactivity with any S100 alpha-like polypeptides. In addition, there is no reactivity with the structurally homologous proteins calmodulin and troponin C. The utility of these monoclonal antibodies for immunocytochemical studies of clinical pathology specimens has been demonstrated by examination of S100 beta localization in human autopsy brain and anaplastic astrocytoma sections. S100 beta is localized primarily in glial cell cytoplasm and processes, with no specific staining observed in glial cell nuclei, erythrocytes, or neuronal cells. These monoclonal antibodies may have important applications in pathological examination of surgical specimens as a specific marker for tumors containing S100 beta, will allow a more precise interpretation of the distribution and localization of S100 beta in both normal and neoplastic tissues, and may provide insight into the physiological functions of the S100 proteins.
Reading meters by radio (1986)

Interruptions by meter readers and estimated bills for homeowners and businesses in Connecticut Natural Gas Corp.'s service area will soon be a thing of the past. More than 10 years of research and testing at CNG has resulted in the development of the DataBeam Automatic Meter Reading System, designed to promote energy- and cost-savings as well as enhance operating efficiencies. The DataBeam AMR system uses radio telemetry for the transmission of natural gas consumption data by microwave radio. Other systems rely on telephone lines for transmission of such data. The radio approach has a significant advantage over telephone and cable television alternatives because it provides a guaranteed cost-cap to utility users vs changing rates when using communication services provided by common-carrier utilities. First of its kind in the nation, the DataBeam AMR system operates using a digital encoder, microprocessor, transmitter, and antenna, all housed in a device attached to each customer's meter. Gas consumption data is transmitted via radio waves to an antenna network linked to the central receiving site at CNG's headquarters in downtown Hartford. The received data is time-stamped and processed into computer-readable form on magnetic tape that is stored in CNG's mainframe computer for billing purposes. Exactmore » figures on gas usage by each customer will be available at any time.« less
Optimization of Stimulation Chemistry for Openhole Horizontal Wells (1998)

Abstract Successful completion of openhole horizontal wells requires removal of potential impairment from the near wellbore and formation face. Impairment can reduce well productivity and lead to failure of sand control screens due to plugging and erosion. Shell has adopted the practice in the Gulf of Mexico of employing drill-in fluids with acid soluble bridging, and weighting agents for all openhole drilling and extensive displacement and acid cleanup procedures during horizontal well completions. Drill-in fluid and filtercakes are removed with specially formulated sweeps and by attainment of sufficient velocity to achieve effective displacement. Filtercakes are removed with specially formulated washes applied using washcups or coil tubing to ensure that cleanup formulations contact filtercake materials. Drill-in fluids and clean-up systems must be specially formulated arid evaluated for specific applications. We have adopted a suite of laboratory screening tests to evaluate formation damage and removal chemistries to ensure that each well is effectively cleaned. These tests can also be used to evaluate new fluid systems before taking them to the field. Our approach in this instance is to compare data from new fluids to results obtained with fluids we have a successful field track record with. In this paper we will review these procedures arid results with results with a variety of fluid systems. P. 415
Reduced Switch Count Step-Up/Step-Down Switched-Capacitor Three-Phase AC–AC Converter (2018)

A direct three-phase ac-ac converter based on the switched-capacitor principle and ladder structure is presented in this paper. Additionally, the boundary between partial charge and no charge modes of a switched-capacitor operation is defined. All switched-capacitor direct ac-ac converters described in the literature employ four-quadrant switches; however, the proposed structure works with two-quadrant switches. This characteristic is the main advantage of the proposed structure because it reduces the number of MOSFETs employed in the power circuit, increasing the converter reliability. Furthermore, the proposed converter can operate as a step-up or step-down circuit, i.e., it is a bidirectional topology. The converter offers high performance with regard to efficiency, power density, and power factor, and it can also be used as an electronic autotransformer. The analysis, design methodology, and experimental results obtained with a prototype with 220/110 V and 3.5 kW are described herein. At the rated power, an efficiency of 95.1% for step-up and step-down modes, capacitive power factor of 0.94, and output voltage regulation of 96% were obtained.
Debugging and Structural Analysis of Declarative Equation-Based Languages (2002)

A significant part of the software development effort is spent on detecting deviations between software implementations and specifications, and subsequently locating the sources of such errors. This thesis illustrates that is possible to identify a significant number of errors during static analysis of declarative object-oriented equation-based modeling languages that are typically used for system modeling and simulation. Detecting anomalies in the source code without actually solving the underlying system of equations provides a significant advantage: a modeling error can be corrected before trying to get the model compiled or embarking on a computationally expensive symbolic or numerical solution process. The overall objective of this work is to demonstrate that debugging based on static analysis techniques can considerably improve the error location and error correcting process when modeling with equation-based languages. A new method is proposed for debugging of over- and under-constrained systems of equations. The improved approach described in this thesis is to perform the debugging process on the flattened intermediate form of the source code and to use filtering criteria generated from program annotations and from the translation rules. Each time when an error is detected in the intermediate code and the error fixing solution is elaborated, the debugger queries for the original source code before presenting any information to the user. In this way, the user is exposed to the original language source code and not burdened with additional information from the translation process or required to inspect the intermediate code. We present the design and implementation of debugging kernel prototypes, tightly integrated with the core of the optimizer module of a Modelica compiler, including details of the novel framework required for automatic debugging of equation-based languages. This thesis establishes that structural static analysis performed on the underlying system of equations from object-oriented mathematical models can effectively be used to statically debug real Modelica programs. Most of our conclusions developed in this thesis are also valid for other equation-based modeling languages.
Evidence Against Transferrin as a Binder of Either Vitamin B12 or Folic Acid (1974)

Abstract Human transferrin is not a carrier protein for either folic acid or vitamin B12.
Visualizations for real-time pricing demonstration (2014)

In this paper, the implementation and utilization of visualization tools for monitoring the operations of a real-time pricing demonstration system that runs at a distribution feeder level are presented. The information these tools provide gives insights into demand behavior from automated price responsive devices, distribution feeder characteristics, impact of weather on system's development, and other significant dynamics. Given the large number of devices that bid into a feeder-level real-time electricity market, new techniques are explored to summarize the present state of the system and contrast that with previous trends as well as future projections. To better understand the system behavior and correctly inform decision-making procedures, effective visualization of the data is imperative.
Quantization Effects in All-Digital Phase-Locked Loops (2007)

This brief analyzes the impact of the quantization noise sources in all-digital phase-locked loops (ADPLLs), recently employed as frequency synthesizers. In general, the in-band phase noise is not only caused by the phase quantization of the time-to-digital converter, but also by the frequency quantization of the digitally controlled oscillator (DCO). The delta-sigma modulator placed at the DCO input refines the frequency quantization and adds another source of in-band PLL noise. Interestingly, the higher the modulator order, the higher this source of in-band phase noise. A method for the estimation of all the quantization noise contributors is provided, which is proven by mixed-mode simulations.
Single crystal growth of SiC and electronic devices (1997)

Abstract Single crystal growth of silicon carbide (Sic) and application to electronic devices are reviewed. In the crystal growth, bulk and homoepitaxial growth are picked up, and crystal quality and electrical properties are described. For electronic devices, various device processes are argued. Power devices based on Sic are stressed in this review. Bulk single crystals of SiC can be grown by a sublimation method, and large-area 6H-SiC and 4H-SiC single crystals are obtained. The occurrence of SiC polytypes is affected by the growth condition, and can be controlled successfully by optimizing these conditions. 6H-SiC is grown on 6H-SiC (0001) Si-faces, and 4H-SiC on 6H-SiC (0001) C-faces. The crystallinity of bulk crystals is investigated by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and X-ray analysis, and characterization is carried out in detail by optical and electrical measurement. Successful homoepitaxial vapor phase growth of SiC can be realized using off-axis (0001) substrates prepared by a sublimation method called "step-controlled epitaxy". Since the crystallinity of epilayers is improved during the step-controlled epitaxy, this growth technique is a key for getting high-quality crystal surfaces. Impurity doping is controlled during homoepitaxial growth by employing impurity gases, such as N2, trimethylaluminum (TMA), and B2H6. A wide-range of carrier concentrations of 5 × 1013∼3 × 1018 cm−3 for n-type and 5 × 1016∼3 × 1020 cm−3 for p-type are realized. The impurity-incorporation mechanism in the step-controlled epitaxy is discussed based on the C/Si ratio dependence of impurity doping. Electrical properties of SiC grown by step-controlled epitaxy are determined precisely. A high electron mobility of 720 cm2/Vs is obtained in an undoped 4H-SiC epilayer with an electron concentration of 2.5 × 10l6 cm−3 at 300 K. This electron mobility is about two times higher than that of 6H-Sic (∼380 cm2/Vs). High breakdown fields of 1∼5 × 106 V/cm are obtained for both 6H- and 4H-SiC, one order of magnitude higher than those for Si. A high saturation electron drift velocity of 1.6 × 107 cm/s is obtained in 4H-Sic, which may make possible high performance of high-frequency 4H-SiC power devices. Impurity levels and deep levels are investigated by Hall effect, admittance spectroscopy, and DLTS measurement. Metal/4H-SiC Schottky barrier heights are characterized and a strong dependence on metal work function without strong "pinning" is elucidated. Device processes are described for ion implantation. Interface properties of SiO2/SiC are characterized in detail using metal-oxide-semicond.
p62, Ref(2)P and ubiquitinated proteins are conserved markers of neuronal aging, aggregate formation and progressive autophagic defects (2011)

Suppression of macroautophagy, due to mutations or through processes linked to aging, results in the accumulation of cytoplasmic substrates that are normally eliminated by the pathway. This is a significant problem in long-lived cells like neurons, where pathway defects can result in the accumulation of aggregates containing ubiquitinated proteins. The p62/Ref(2)P family of proteins is involved in the autophagic clearance of cytoplasmic protein bodies or sequestosomes. These unique structures are closely associated with protein inclusions containing ubiquitin as well as key components of the autophagy pathway. In this study we show that detergent fractionation followed by western blot analysis of insoluble ubiquitinated proteins (IUP), mammalian p62 and its Drosophila homologue, Ref(2)P can be used to quantitatively assess the activity level of aggregate clearance (aggrephagy) in complex tissues. Using this technique we show that genetic or age-dependent changes that modify the long-term enhancement or suppression of aggrephagy can be identified. Moreover, using the Drosophila model system this method can be used to establish autophagy-dependent protein clearance profiles that are occurring under a wide range of physiological conditions including developmental, fasting and altered metabolic pathways. This technique can also be used to examine proteopathies that are associated with human disorders such as frontotemporal dementia, Huntington and Alzheimer disease. Our findings indicate that measuring IUP profiles together with an assessment of p62/Ref(2)P proteins can be used as a screening or diagnostic tool to characterize genetic and age-dependent factors that alter the long-term function of autophagy and the clearance of protein aggregates occurring within complex tissues and cells.
Monocyclopentadienyltitanium Dichloride (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonocyclopentadienyltitanium DichloridePaul D. Bartlett and Bernhard SeidelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 3, 581–584Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01464a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01464a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Copy choice mechanism of immunoglobulin heavy-chain switch recombination. (1990)

The immunoglobulin heavy-chain switch is mediated by a recombination event between DNA switch regions associated with donor and recipient constant-region genes. We have determined that the mutations which can be found in some switch regions after recombination appear to arise on only one strand of DNA. This result suggests that switch recombination involves error-prone synthesis of one DNA strand and ligation of the other strand from preexisting DNA.
Selective and Accurate Fail Data Capture in Compression Environment for Volume Diagnostics (2006)

This paper describes a novel technique to selectively capture the scan fail data for volume diagnosis in the presence of output compression structures in a design. The proposed technique allows accurate fail data capture, at par with the uncompressed scan architectures, without reconfiguring the scan chains. The proposed technique uses the same test patterns as in the compressed scan test. The fail data collected using this technique can directly be used by any standard uncompressed mode diagnosis tools. This technique is also applicable to fail data collection for BISTed memories
Urinary Concentrations of Parabens and Serum Hormone Levels, Semen Quality Parameters, and Sperm DNA Damage (2010)

We found no evidence for a relationship between urinary parabens and hormone levels or semen quality, although intraindividual variability in exposure and a modest sample size could have limited our ability to detect subtle relationships. Our observation of a relationship between BP and sperm DNA damage warrants further investigation.
Breaking Down The Cocktail Party: Capturing And Isolating Sources In A Soundscape (2014)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lisbon, Portugal, 2014