gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Third Human Homolog of a Murine Gene Encoding an Inhibitor of Stem Cell Proliferation Is Truncated and Linked to a CpG Island-Containing Upstream Sequence (1993)

The murine gene, MIP1 alpha, encodes a cytokine (macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha) that inhibits the proliferation of bone marrow stem cells. Two human homologs have been characterized, G0S19-1 and G0S19-2. Like MIP1 alpha, these genes contain three exons, the first of which encodes a hydrophobic signal sequence. The existence of a third human G0S19 gene, present in one in four individuals, has been predicted from restriction enzyme analyses. This paper reports that a previously identified human genomic clone containing a G0S19 sequence (G0S19-3), corresponds to the third gene. However, the first G0S19 exon is missing. The sequence differs from those of G0S19-1 and G0S19-2 upstream of a point 31 nucleotides from the junction of the first intron with the second exon. This upstream sequence contains a CpG island and is named "CpG island-containing upstream sequence," CUS. Apart from the G0S19-3-associated copy found only in individuals with the third G0S19 gene, all individuals have one DNA species hybridizing strongly to a CUS-specific probe and at least two less strongly hybridizing species. The CUS has potential binding sites for transcription factors AP-1, AP-2, AP-3, AP-4, and Sp1, a Donehower conserved repetitive element, and motifs characteristic of cytokine, oncogene, and retroviral promoters. Thus, the CUS might promote the transcription of sequences with which it became associated. We suggest that the CUS-G0S19-3 sequence was generated by recombination between a G0S19-2 gene and a member of a novel CUS-associated gene family.
A scalable method for multiplex LED-controlled synthesis of DNA in capillaries (2006)

As research in synthetic biology and genomic sciences becomes more widespread, the need for diverse oligonucleotide populations has increased. To limit reagent cost, it would be advantageous to obtain high quality populations in minute amounts. Towards that end, synthesis of DNA strands in capillaries utilizing photolabile 3-nitrophenylpropyloxycarbonyl (NPPOC) chemistry and ultraviolet-light emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) was examined. Multiple oligonucleotides were made in single capillaries and were characterized by hybridization, sequencing and gene synthesis. DNA synthesized in capillaries was capable of being hybridized and signal intensities correlated with microarray data. Sequencing demonstrated that the oligonucleotides were of high quality (up to 44% perfect sequences). Oligonucleotides were combined and used successfully for gene synthesis. This system offers a novel, scalable method to synthesize high quality oligonucleotides for biological applications.
Three propositions about distributions of network traffic (2007)

According to some discoveries and analysis results of network measurement for network traffic in recent years [1, 2], this paper has proposed three propositions about distributions of network traffic. To explain these propositions, the shaping effect for network traffic the Internet structures have is pointed out, and the novel concept of shaping operator and a double-mode transition model between self-similarity distribution and Poisson distribution is put forward. Finally, the validity of the shaping function and three propositions are verified by a lot of simulation experiments on NS2.
Aluminum siting in mordenite and dealumination mechanism (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAluminum siting in mordenite and dealumination mechanismPhilippe Bodart, Janos B. Nagy, Guy Debras, Zelimir Gabelica, and Peter A. JacobsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 21, 5183–5190Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100412a058https://doi.org/10.1021/j100412a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views765Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Studies on Heteropentalenes. II. Cycloaddition of Imidazo[2,1-<i>b</i>]thiazoles, Thiazolo[3,2-<i>a</i>]benzimidazole, and Imidazo[2,1-<i>b</i>]benzothiazole with a Reactive Acetylenic Ester (1980)

Abstract Cycloaddition of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles with dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate follows dual courses depending on the polarity of the solvent, affording pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazoles in an aprotic nonpolar solvent, or imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and imidazo[3,4-a]pyridines, together with thiophenes, in an aprotic polar solvent. Thiazolo[3,2-a]benzimidazole and imidazo[2,1-b]benzothiazole were also found to react with the acetylenedicarboxylate to give pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole and pyrrolo[2,1-a]benzothiazole, respectively. The reactions would be accounted for in light of the Diels-Alder reaction in an aprotic nonpolar solvent and the 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition in an aprotic polar solvent.
MicroRNAs Impair MET-Mediated Invasive Growth (2008)

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a recently identified class of noncoding, endogenous, small RNAs that regulate gene expression, mainly at the translational level. These molecules play critical roles in several biological processes, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, development, and aging. It is also known that miRNAs play a role in human cancers where they can act either as oncogenes, down-regulating tumor suppressor genes, or as onco-suppressors, targeting molecules critically involved in promotion of tumor growth. One of such molecules is the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth factor, encoded by the MET oncogene. The MET receptor promotes a complex biological program named "invasive growth" that results from stimulation of cell motility, invasion, and protection from apoptosis. This oncogene is deregulated in many human tumors, where its most frequent alteration is overexpression. In this work, we have identified three miRNAs (miR-34b, miR-34c, and miR-199a*) that negatively regulate MET expression. Inhibition of these endogenous miRNAs, by use of antagomiRs, resulted in increased expression of MET protein, whereas their exogenous expression in cancer cells blocked MET-induced signal transduction and the execution of the invasive growth program, both in cells expressing normal levels of MET and in cancer cells overexpressing a constitutively active MET. Moreover, we show that these same miRNAs play a role in regulating the MET-induced migratory ability of melanoma-derived primary cells. In conclusion, we have identified miRNAs that behave as oncosuppressors by negatively targeting MET and might thus provide an additional option to inhibit this oncogene in tumors displaying its deregulation.
Electro-mechanical Lung Simulator Using Polymer and Organic Human Lung Equivalents for Realistic Breathing Simulation (2019)

Simulation models in respiratory research are increasingly used for medical product development and testing, especially because in-vivo models are coupled with a high degree of complexity and ethical concerns. This work introduces a respiratory simulation system, which is bridging the gap between the complex, real anatomical environment and the safe, cost-effective simulation methods. The presented electro-mechanical lung simulator, xPULM, combines in-silico, ex-vivo and mechanical respiratory approaches by realistically replicating an actively breathing human lung. The reproducibility of sinusoidal breathing simulations with xPULM was verified for selected breathing frequencies (10-18 bpm) and tidal volumes (400-600 ml) physiologically occurring during human breathing at rest. Human lung anatomy was modelled using latex bags and primed porcine lungs. High reproducibility of flow and pressure characteristics was shown by evaluating breathing cycles (n<sub>Total</sub> = 3273) with highest standard deviation |3σ| for both, simplified lung equivalents ([Formula: see text] = 23.98 ± 1.04 l/min, μ<sub>P</sub> = -0.78 ± 0.63 hPa) and primed porcine lungs ([Formula: see text] = 18.87 ± 2.49 l/min, μ<sub>P</sub> = -21.13 ± 1.47 hPa). The adaptability of the breathing simulation parameters, coupled with the use of porcine lungs salvaged from a slaughterhouse process, represents an advancement towards anatomically and physiologically realistic modelling of human respiration.
Low-energy process recovers CO/sub 2/ (1983)

This paper discusses processes for removal of acid gas constituents from natural gas, which include the alkanolamine processes such as monethanolamine (MEA) and DEA, but also physical solvent processes such as Selexol, Sepasolv MPE, Rectisol, and Purisol. It points out that a key advantage of physical solvent processes is that the solution can be regenerated by flashing rather than by the steam stripping used in the conventional alkanolamine processes. A single-stage and two-stage activated MDEA process developed in West Germany for treating high-pressure natural gas is described. The one or two-stage process is also applicable to high pressure natural gas streams containing both H/sub 2/S and CO/sub 2/.
A Wavelet-Based Region of Interest Encoder for the Compression of Angiogram Video Sequences (2004)

A new method for the compression of angiogram video sequences is presented. The method is based on the philosophy that diagnostically significant areas of the image should be allocated the greatest proportion of the total allocated bit budget. The approach uses a three-dimensional wavelet-coder based on the popular set partitioning in hierarchical trees algorithm. Incorporated into this framework are a region-of-interest (ROI) detection stage and a texture-modeling stage. The combined result is an approach that models the high-frequency wavelet coefficients for some diagnostically unimportant regions of the image in an extremely efficient manner. This allows additional bits to be used within the ROI to improve the quality of the diagnostically significant areas. Results are compared for a number of real data sets and evaluated by trained cardiologists.
The IBM RT07 Evaluation Systems for Speaker Diarization on Lecture Meetings. (2007)

We present the IBM systems for the Rich Transcription 2007 (RT07) speaker diarization evaluation task on lecture meeting data. We first overview our baseline system that was developed last year, as part of our speech-to-text system for the RT06s evaluation. We then present a number of simple schemes considered this year in our effort to improve speaker diarization performance, namely: (i) A better speech activity detection (SAD) system, a necessary pre-processing step to speaker diarization; (ii) Use of word information from a speaker-independent speech recognizer; (iii) Modifications to speaker cluster merging criteria and the underlying segment model; and (iv) Use of speaker models based on Gaussian mixture models, and their iterative refinement by frame-level re-labeling and smoothing of decision likelihoods. We report development experiments on the RT06s evaluation test set that demonstrate that these methods are effective, resulting in dramatic performance improvements over our baseline diarization system. For example, changes in the cluster segment models and cluster merging methodology result in a 24.2% relative reduction in speaker error rate, whereas use of the iterative model refinement process and word-level alignment produce a 36.0% and 9.2% speaker error relative reduction, respectively. The importance of the SAD subsystem is also shown, with SAD error reduction from 12.3% to 4.3% translating to a 20.3% relative reduction in speaker error rate. Unfortunately however, the developed diarization system heavily depends on appropriately tuning thresholds in the speaker cluster merging process. Possibly as a result of over-tuning such thresholds, performance on the RT07 evaluation test set degrades significantly compared to the one observed on development data. Nevertheless, our experiments show that the introduced techniques of cluster merging, speaker model refinement and alignment remain valuable in the RT07 evaluation.
Photoluminescence from wurtzite GaN under hydrostatic pressure (1995)

The photoluminescence spectrum of undoped epitaxial wurtzite GaN layers on sapphire was measured for applied hydrostatic pressures up to 73 kbar at 9 K and up to 62 kbar at 300 K. The pressure dependences of the I2 exciton recombination line and the ‘‘yellow’’ band (2.2 eV band at ambient pressure) were examined at 9 and 300 K, and the series of donor-acceptor-pair emission lines was analyzed at 9 K. From the I2 lines, it was found that the band gap increases with pressure by 4.4±0.1 meV/kbar at 9 K and 4.7±0.1 meV/kbar at 300 K.
Laser diode coherence length variation for balancing fiber optic interferometers (1994)

A visible light (675-nm) laser diode is used as a variable coherence length source to allow the rapid adjustment to equal optical pathlengths of a fiber interferometer. The diode's spectral width, measured for decreasing drive current, changes from less than 0.2 to 16 nm. The corresponding change in coherence length is from 2.3 mm to 28 μm, bridging a significant portion of the gap between a gas laser and a broadband source. The fiber interferometer's air paths are first adjusted with the laser at high drive current, then fine tuned as the current is reduced below threshold. An experimentally observed interferogram confirms the theoretical prediction for fringe visibility at a current near threshold.
Mixed electrolytes in hydrophobic interaction chromatography† (2013)

An essential part of the modulation of protein-binding capacity in hydrophobic interaction chromatography is the buffer-salt system. Besides using "single" electrolytes, multicomponent electrolyte mixtures may be used as an additional tool. Both the protein solubility and the binding capacity depend on the position of a salt in the so-called Hofmeister series. Specific interactions are observed for an individual protein-salt combination. For salt mixtures, selectivity, recovery, and binding capacity do not behave like for the single salts that are positioned in between the two mixed components in the Hofmeister series, as the continuous correlation would suggest. Thus, finding strategies for mixed salts could potentially lead to improved capacities in hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Mixtures of ammonium sulfate, sodium citrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium acetate, and glycine were used to investigate the binding capacities for lysozyme and a monoclonal antibody on various hydrophobic resins. Resin capacity for two investigated proteins increases when mixtures consisting of a chaotropic and a kosmotropic salt are applied. It seems to be related to the rather basic isoelectric points of the proteins.
Full-scale Testing of a 30m Span STRARCH Industrial Building (1990)

A description is given of a full-scale test on a 30m span Strarch system involving decisions on how to simulate realistically, but economically, severe loadings of various kinds on the structure at various stages of building.
Synthesis of ruthenium complexes with planar-chiral cyclopentadienyl-pyridine or -phosphine bidentate ligands (2000)

Novel ruthenium complexes possessing planar-chiral cyclopentadienyl-pyridine or -phosphine bidentate ligands have been synthesized from (trisubstituted cyclopentadienyl)(benzene)ruthenium complexes. Co-ordination of the pyridyl group linked to a cyclopentadienyl ring through an ester bond is fairly weak, so that the pyridine dissociates from the central ruthenium atom in acetonitrile. In contrast, the phosphine ligand tightly co-ordinates to the ruthenium even in acetonitrile. Enantiomerically pure samples of planar-chiral cyclopentadienylphosphine complexes have been prepared by use of optically pure ruthenium complexes as a starting material. The molecular structure of a neutral ruthenium dithiocarbamate complex with the cyclopentadienylphosphine bidentate ligand has been determined by X-ray crystallography.
Detection of Positional Airway Obstruction in Neonates by Acoustic Reflection (2000)

In neonates intubated with an uncuffed endotracheal tube (ETT), positional changes of the head may induce obstruction (side position-related ETT obstruction [SPRO]) due to abutment of the beveled distal ETT orifice against the tracheal wall. We studied whether the acoustic reflection (ACR) method, a 4-s measurement that maps cross-sectional area as a function of the distance along the ETT and the airways, could detect SPRO. Eleven preterm newborns intubated with 2.5-mm ETTs and clinically suspected of having SPRO were studied with the head oriented to the left and to the right. In all patients there was a marked decrease in the ACR-measured area beyond the distal tip of the ETT in the presence of obstruction (decrease = 38 +/- 22% [mean +/- SD] of the ETT inside area), while the ACR-measured area increased markedly in the absence of obstruction (increase = 49 +/- 17%). For six of the 11 infants, we also recorded the maximal flow produced by a set mechanical inflation pressure. This maximal flow decreased in the presence of obstruction (decrease = 47 +/- 18%), and was constantly associated with a decrease in ACR-measured area beyond the ETT. In conclusion, ACR measurement is an efficient method for diagnosing positional ETT obstruction in intubated newborns.
Intestinal Sugar Permeability (1985)

The permeability of the intestine was studied in 39 children (1 month to 3 years of age) with diarrhoea and in 28 children (6 months to 15 years of age) undergoing duodenal biopsy. Permeability was measured by differential absorption from an isotonic oral load containing 3.5 g lactulose, 0.5 g L-rhamnose, 0.5 g D-xylose, and 5 g lactose. Urinary sugar excretion was determined by quantitative thin-layer chromatography. Children with acute gastroenteritis had a greatly increased permeability, with a mean lactulose/L-rhamnose excretion ratio of 0.43 +/- 0.31 (normal less than 0.07). Children retested 3-16 weeks after complete recovery of their gastroenteritis had normal permeability (0.045 +/- 0.018). Children with chronic diarrhoea also had an increased permeability (0.12 +/- 0.074), but significantly less than the acute gastroenteritis group (p less than 0.01). Abnormal proximal small bowel morphology was associated with increased permeability, and a strong correlation between crypt depth and permeability was observed (r = 0.66, p less than 0.001). Abnormal intestinal permeability was associated with diarrhoeal disease and with mucosal damage. It appears to be a reliable and useful index of mucosal integrity.
SPECTRAL TRANSMISSION OF THE EYE (1967)

Abstract : The spectral transmittance of ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared light through the eye of humans and monkeys was measured. Using freshly enucleated eyes, the transmittances of each component part (cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, retina and choroid) were determined for the wavelength range from 0.22 to 2.8 microns. Two types of measurements were made: the first to measure the total light transmitted (direct and scattered) at each wavelength and the second to measure the percent transmittance of that light passing directly through the various media without absorption or scattering. The results show that: (a) the transmission of ultraviolet radiation decreases with the age of the eye; (b) the transmission of infrared radiation appears to be independent of the age; and (c) the maximum total transmittance of the whole eye, about 83%, is obtained in the region from 600 to 850 millimicrons. The spectral reflectance of the fundus and sclera of the rhesus monkey was measured, with the former reflecting less than 2% in the visible but increasing to 20% in the infrared (1200 millimicrons). The sclera reflects 20 to 30% through the visible and infrared out to 1200 millimicrons. The forward scattered light outside of 1 degree as measured on the whole human eye was 35% plus or minus 5% at 566 and 666 millimicrons.
13-μm InAs/GaAs quantum-dot lasers monolithically grown on Si substrates (2011)

We report the first operation of an electrically pumped 1.3-μm InAs/GaAs quantum-dot laser epitaxially grown on a Si (100) substrate. The laser structure was grown directly on the Si substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. Lasing at 1.302 μm has been demonstrated with threshold current density of 725 A/cm2 and output power of ~26 mW for broad-area lasers with as-cleaved facets at room temperature. These results are directly attributable to the optimized growth temperature of the initial GaAs nucleation layer.
DynamicDuo (2015)

The quality of most professional oral presentations is often poor, owing to a number of factors, including public speaking anxiety. We present DynamicDuo, a system that uses an automated, life-sized, animated agent to help inexperienced speakers deliver their presentations in front of an audience. The design of the system was informed by an analysis of TED talks given by two human presenters to identify the most common dual-presentation formats and transition behaviors used. In a within-subjects study (N=12) comparing co-presenting with DynamicDuo against solo-presenting with conventional presentation software, we demonstrated that our system led to significant improvements in public speaking anxiety and speaking confidence for non-native English speakers. Judges who viewed videotapes of these presentations rated those with DynamicDuo significantly higher on speech quality and overall presentation quality for all presenters.
Broad band tunable quantum cascade lasers for stand-off detection of explosives (2009)

We present experimental results on a Quantum cascade laser (QC laser) embedded in an external cavity. These results were obtained with a broadly tunable laser exceeding 80 cm-1 covering a characteristic absorption band of trinitrotoluene (TNT). By combining the laser source with a high performance IR imager a stand-off detection setup based on multi- spectral MIR backscattering spectroscopy has been realized. With this technique TNT surface-contaminations of as low as 10 μg/cm2 could be detected on surfaces such as an aluminum-sheet and standard car paint. The contrast of the detection technique depends on the reflectance of the surface. A surface leading to mirror-like reflectance of the IR laser radiation leads to absorbance-like signatures of the TNT contamination, while surfaces showing high absorbance of the laser light may induce a contrast-reversal in the resulting image of the TNT coverage. This effect can be explained by a theoretical model for thin film coated substrates taking into account differences in the reflectance. Limitations and further work needed to explore the full potential of the IR backscattering technique are also discussed.