gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile Forensics: An Overview, Tools, Future Trends and Challenges from Law Enforcement Perspective (2008)

Mobile phone proliferation in our societies is on the increase. Advances in semiconductor technologies related to mobile phones and the increase of computing power of mobile phones led to an increase of functionality of mobile phones while keeping the size of such devices small enough to fit in a pocket. This led mobile phones to become portable data carriers. This in turn increased the potential for data stored on mobile phone handsets to be used as evidence in civil or criminal cases. This paper examines the nature of some of the newer pieces of information that can become potential evidence on mobile phones. It also discusses some of the emerging technologies and their potential impact on mobile phone based evidence. The paper will also cover some of the inherent differences between mobile phone forensics and computer forensics. It also highlights some of the weaknesses of mobile forensic toolkits and procedures. Finally, the paper shows the need for more in depth examination of mobile phone evidence.
Integrated system for analysis and automatic classification of sleep EEG (2002)

In this paper we describe a system for automatic all night sleep analysis, based on neural networks. In what concerns sleep staging, the system consists of a three-step analysis. The first step is the recognition of elementary patterns in EEG (delta, alpha, spindle and K complex waves), EOG and EMG, and spectral analysis for background activity. The second step is the determination of sleep stages based on these parameters. Automatic sleep scoring was performed using a multilayer feedforward network. The last step, is the supervision of the automatic decision using ambiguity rejection and coherence analysis. Finally, this work presents an automated system for micro arousals detection based on k-means method. The system was validated with a data set including 20 hours of signals. Overall agreement between the computer and human judges indicates considerable reliability of the system.
Zero-Misalignment Lithographic Process Using A Photoresist With Wavelength-Selected Tone (1988)

A novel photoresist capable of dual-tone imaging, and a self-aligning two-level lithographic process which demonstrates its unique properties are described. This resist, composed of a positive and a negative photosensitizer in a phenolic matrix resin, can be imaged in either tone depending on the wavelength of exposure. In the self-aligned process, two distinct latent images, one in positive and one in negative tone, are generated simultaneously during a single exposure using a special mask. The latent images can be developed separately and independently. The alignment between these patterns is defined by the mask and is identical from wafer to wafer. The two patterns can be transferred to the substrate sequentially and with zero alignment error.
Benefits of Integrated-Circuit Burn-In to Obtain High Reliability Parts (1986)

The technique of integrated circuit (IC) burn-in is applied industry-wide with the assumption that burned-in ICs have a much lower failure rate during operating life than ICs which are not burned-in. Several years ago this approach was valid for all ICs, but today burn-in procedures for some ICs provide little, if any, benefit. However, some customers still request burned-in ICs, assuming that this will produce better reliability. This paper provides historical data for linear ICs and presents a procedure to help the user determine if burn-in is worthwhile. An example for linear ICs where minimum benefit produced from burn-in is provided. By repeating this exercise with any other parts, the user can decide whether burn-in will decrease the failure rate appreciably for his application. This article deals specifically with decreases in failure rates through burn-in. It is not within the scope of this paper to describe general factors that could decrease failure rates.
Acute Renal Failure—1960 (1960)

Five principles of treatment of acute renal failure are maintenance of body fluids and electrolytes, suppression of protein breakdown, prevention and treatment of infections, elimination of retention products by dialysis, and elimination of edema fluid by ultrafiltration. Any patient with uremia may need treatment with the artificial kidney to help him recover from an acute episode.After lifesaving procedures have been instituted, the cause of the renal failure must be diagnosed. A defeatist attitude toward treatment or elimination of the cause is not justified so long as there is no histologic proof of incurability. Lack of persistence, too-late referral, and unwarranted conservative management have cost thousands of lives in the past five years.
PreImplantation Factor in endometriosis: A potential role in inducing immune privilege for ectopic endometrium (2017)

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterised by the growth of endometrial epithelial and stromal cells outside the uterine cavity. In addition to Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation, endometriosis pathogenesis is facilitated by a privileged inflammatory microenvironment, with T regulatory FoxP3+ expressing T cells (Tregs) being a significant factor. PreImplantation Factor (PIF) is a peptide essential for pregnancy recognition and development. An immune modulatory function of the synthetic PIF analog (sPIF) has been successfully confirmed in multiple animal models. We report that PIF is expressed in the epithelial ectopic cells in close proximity to FoxP3+ stromal cells. We provide evidence that PIF interacts with FoxP3+ cells and modulates cell viability, dependent on cell source and presence of inflammatory mediators. Our finding represent a novel PIF-based mechanism in endometriosis that has potential for novel therapeutics.
Randomness analysis of images of aggregates (2006)

The specific "randomness" of images of aggregates needs a better understanding, mainly for classification purposes. Such images can be modeled by morphological tools (random set theory) with certain limitations. This paper tries to find a different path by using classical and less classical linear tools and comparing them, in a quantitative or qualitative way. Singular value decomposition plays an important role, as a decorrelation tool, and as a generator for the spectrum of singular values. The "log-profile" of this spectrum is central in this study; in the context of random matrix theory, its properties (approximate linearity...) permit to refer to "pure random situations"; thus, images of aggregates can be understood and modeled as perturbation to these situations. Moreover, independent components analysis corroborates in many cases the preceding results.
Preclincial testing of Sorafenib and RAD001 in the <i>Nf</i><sup><i>flox/flox</i></sup><i>;DhhCre</i> mouse model of plexiform neurofibroma using magnetic resonance imaging (2011)

The data demonstrate that volumetric MRI analysis can be used to monitor the therapeutic effect in the preclinical neurofibroma drug screening, and suggest that Sorafenib might have clinical activity in some neurofibromas.
Immunization of patients with melanoma peptide vaccines: immunologic assessment using the ELISPOT assay. (1998)

Gp100 peptides were selected for vaccine development because they are epitopes recognized by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes that are associated with tumor regression after adoptive immunotherapy in patients with metastatic melanoma. In the present study, most of the patients vaccinated with the gp209-2M peptide in incomplete Freund's adjuvant generated circulating antigen-specific immune T cells that could be detected by restimulation in vitro followed by an ELISPOT assay for individual cells secreting interferon gamma. The immune T cells reacted not only with the HLA-A2 restricted modified peptide but also with the native peptide and with melanoma cells that express gp100 and HLA-A2. Analysis of T-cell responses at the single cell level will be a valuable aid in assessing the effectiveness of melanoma vaccines and in determining optimal vaccine formulations and delivery.
Development of a novel conditional knockdown mouse based on YB‐1 protein degradation (2018)

To clarify the pathogenic mechanism of disease and establish effective therapies, animal disease models that can be dynamically analyzed are urgently required. Knockout mouse models and conditional genetically engineered mouse models were developed to analyze genes and proteins involved in disease. However, these methods have drawbacks, including embryonic lethality, side effects and low efficiency. To address this issue, we created a novel transgenic mouse model in which the YB1 gene was fused with a destabilizing domain (DD), named the YB1-DD mouse. YB-1 is widely expressed throughout development and has been implicated as a cell survival factor. Newly synthesized DD proteins are degraded through the proteasome pathway, but their degradation can be blocked with trimethoprim (TMP). In this study, we established a novel conditional knockdown mouse model that enables targeting of protein degradation directly; this model resulted in dose-dependent regulation of the target protein YB-1 by the ligand TMP in YB1 heterozygous mice. Since this conditional knockdown mouse model appears to be functional, it has potential as a useful disease model based on direct protein degradation control.
Targeted Delivery of PLK1-siRNA by ScFv Suppresses Her2 <sup>+</sup> Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis (2012)

A major obstacle to developing small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as cancer drugs is their intracellular delivery to disseminated cancer cells. Fusion proteins of single-chain fragmented antibodies (ScFvs) and positively charged peptides deliver siRNAs into specific target cells. However, the therapeutic potential of ScFv-mediated siRNA delivery has not been evaluated in cancer. Here, we tested whether Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) siRNAs complexed with a Her2-ScFv-protamine peptide fusion protein (F5-P) could suppress Her2(+) breast cancer cell lines and primary human cancers in orthotopic breast cancer models. PLK1-siRNAs transferred by F5-P inhibited target gene expression, reduced proliferation, and induced apoptosis of Her2(+) breast cancer cell lines and primary human cancer cells in vitro without triggering an interferon response. Intravenously injected F5-P/PLK1-siRNA complexes concentrated in orthotopic Her2(+) breast cancer xenografts and persisted for at least 72 hours, leading to suppressed PLK1 gene expression and tumor cell apoptosis. The intravenously injected siRNA complexes retarded Her2(+) breast tumor growth, reduced metastasis, and prolonged survival without evident toxicity. F5-P-mediated delivery of a cocktail of PLK1, CCND1, and AKT siRNAs was more effective than an equivalent dose of PLK1-siRNAs alone. These data suggest that F5-P could be used to deliver siRNAs to treat Her2(+) breast cancer.
A Biomechanical Analysis of Gait During Pregnancy* (2000)

Significant increases in kinetic gait parameters during pregnancy (p < 0.05) explain how gait motion remained relatively unchanged despite increases in body mass and width as well as changes in mass distribution about the trunk. This finding indicates that during pregnancy there may be an increased demand placed on hip abductor, hip extensor, and ankle plantar flexor muscles during walking.
Evaluation of CDK12 Protein Expression as a Potential Novel Biomarker for DNA Damage Response–Targeted Therapies in Breast Cancer (2018)

Disruption of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 12 (<i>CDK12</i>) is known to lead to defects in DNA repair and sensitivity to platinum salts and PARP1/2 inhibitors. However, <i>CDK12</i> has also been proposed as an oncogene in breast cancer. We therefore aimed to assess the frequency and distribution of CDK12 protein expression by IHC in independent cohorts of breast cancer and correlate this with outcome and genomic status. We found that 21% of primary unselected breast cancers were CDK12 high, and 10.5% were absent, by IHC. CDK12 positivity correlated with HER2 positivity but was not an independent predictor of breast cancer-specific survival taking HER2 status into account; however, absent CDK12 protein expression significantly correlated with a triple-negative phenotype. Interestingly, CDK12 protein absence was associated with reduced expression of a number of DDR proteins including ATR, Ku70/Ku80, PARP1, DNA-PK, and γH2AX, suggesting a novel mechanism of CDK12-associated DDR dysregulation in breast cancer. Our data suggest that diagnostic IHC quantification of CDK12 in breast cancer is feasible, with CDK12 absence possibly signifying defective DDR function. This may have important therapeutic implications, particularly for triple-negative breast cancers. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 17(1); 306-15. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Silicide induced pattern density and orientation dependent transconductance in MOS transistors (2003)

For the first time, the influence of the mechanical stress in the transistor channel, induced by the silicide on the source(S)/drain(D) areas, on the transconductance of a MOS transistor has been studied. When scaling down the S/D dimensions, the transconductance can change up to 20% as a result of the increasing stress. This effect is channel orientation dependent. In order to keep the transconductance variation as low as possible, the formation of a low stress silicide is essential.
A new signal model for MIMO communication with compact parasitic arrays (2014)

Significant research effort has been drawn over the last few years to reduce the hardware complexity and size of Multiple Input - Multiple Output (MIMO) systems and to push this promising technology even to lightweight and small portable devices. Among other architectures, single-fed MIMO systems with compact parasitic arrays are a possible candidate toward this goal. To facilitate the study and design of parasitic arrays for MIMO applications, this paper presents an alternative signal model considering the currents at the ports of the transmitting array as the input to the system. Based on this model, a novel parasitic array is designed that is able to multiplex 16-QAM signals with the aid of a single radio-frequency (RF) source. The proposed signal model can also be useful for the evaluation of large parasitic arrays in massive MIMO regime, with significantly reduce hardware burden.
Iron chelation decreases human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat potentiated tumor necrosis factor-induced NF-kappa B activation in Jurkat cells. (1997)

TNF-alpha stimulates HIV-1 replication via activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B. TNF-mediated activation of NF-kappa B is known to involve the intracellular formation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs). We recently demonstrated that HIV-1 Tat protein potentiates TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation by downregulation of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), shifting the cellular redox state towards pro-oxidative conditions. This study shows that treatment of Jurkat cells with iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) strongly decreases HIV-1 Tat-potentiated TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation but does not modify NF-kappa B activation by TNF-alpha. The ability of iron chelators to reduce Tat-potentiated TNF-induced NF-kappa B binding activity suggests that iron and intracellular hydroxyl radicals (OH.) are required for Tat effect. Moreover, we have shown that exogenously generated OH. markedly enhanced TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation in a dose-dependent manner while was not sufficient to trigger activation of NF-kappa B by itself. In addition, iron chelators had no effect either on MnSOD activity or on the decrease of this activity by Tat. Iron chelators had also no effect on the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG), but could elevate the GSH:GSSG ratio decreased by Tat protein. These observations suggest that the formation of intracellular OH. in the presence of iron ions play a major role in HIV-1 Tat enhancement of TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation and that iron chelation may protect Jurkat T cells, at least in part, against oxidative stress induced by Tat.
Using photo-initiated polymerization reactions to detect molecular recognition (2015)

Widely used medical diagnostic devices and assays that sense the presence of a particular molecule in a bodily fluid often rely on either a nanoparticle label or an enzymatic reaction to generate a signal that is easily detectable. In many cases, it is desirable if the magnitude of the signal correlates with the concentration of the molecule of interest. Photo-initiated polymerization reactions are an alternative means of generating amplified signals that can be used to quantify biological molecules in complex fluids. In this case, the formation of a polymer, typically a cross-linked hydrogel, signifies the presence of the molecule of interest. This tutorial review explains how photo-initiated polymerization reactions have been used in a conditional manner to detect and quantify molecular recognition events. We weigh the advantages and disadvantages of using photo-initiated reactions in comparison with other approaches and highlight exciting directions and opportunities in this area.
Pulmonary Surfactant and Neonatal Respiratory Distress (1971)

With elucidation of the biochemistry of pulmonary surfactant (the substance that normally prevents collapse of the alveoli with each breath) and of the timetable of its maturation in fetal life, the way has been opened for prenatal diagnosis of respiratory distress when premature delivery can be anticipated; similarly, analysis of tracheal aspirates following birth of a distressed infant can provide valuable clues to prognosis.
Modeling multiple-frequency electron cyclotron resonance heating (2013)

Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) heating influences two of the main parameters (electron temperature and, indirectly, density) that determine the charge state of the ions produced in an ECR ion source (ECRIS). Therefore, various schemes to optimize ECR heating in the ECRIS have been pursued such as multiple-frequency heating, the radio-frequency tuning effect, volume heating, or wide-band heating. We investigate two-frequency ECR heating of electrons in a simple magnetic mirror field by right handed circularly polarized waves with infinite phase velocity. The study shows a heating barrier different from the well-know adiabatic barrier. Study also revealed a mechanism whereby multiple frequencies give improved heating. A preliminary interpretation of the study is presented.
The complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1998)

The currently available yeast mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence is incomplete, contains many errors and is derived from several polymorphic strains. Here, we report that the mtDNA sequence of the strain used for nuclear genome sequencing assembles into a circular map of 85,779 bp which includes 10 kb of new sequence. We give a list of seven small hypothetical open reading frames (ORFs). Hot spots of point mutations are found in exons near the insertion sites of optional mobile group I intron-related sequences. Our data suggest that shuffling of mobile elements plays an important role in the remodelling of the yeast mitochondrial genome.
2-Oxazolidones from Glycidyl Ether Reactions with Acid Amides (1966)

Abstract The reaction between acid amides and aryl glycidyl ethers was carried out using tertiary amine as the catalyst. 2-Oxazolidone derivatives were obtained by the reaction of trichloroacetanilide or trifluoroacetanilide with aryl glycidyl ether. Acyl migration occurred in the reaction of acetanilide with phenyl glycidyl ether.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THE HCUX2‐INDUCED FORMATION OF 1‐HALO‐3‐PHENYLPROPADIENES FROM 1‐PHENYL‐2‐PROPYN‐1‐OL AND SOME OF ITS DERIVATIVES (1984)

Abstract Das aus HI und Cul in Wasser erhaltene Salz (II) reagiert mit (R)‐(‐)‐1‐Phenyl‐2‐propin‐1‐ol (I) zu einem Allen (III), während mit dem Chlor‐ und Brom‐Derivat (IV) die Reaktion zu (V) erfolgt.
Research on vibration analysis and noise-reduction technique of PM motor (2012)

This paper investigates a relationship between vibration of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor and an inverter PWM carrier signal by the analysis and the experimental results. A coupling analysis between a circuit simulator and an FEA is used to analyze the flux density which the carrier harmonics are included in the air gap. The vibration analysis is carried out by using the flux density in the air gap and the vibration around the carrier frequency can be analyzed. Adding that, the experiments which are both the tracking analysis and the mode analysis are carried out to confirm the analysis results. Furthermore, in order to reduce the vibration due to that the inverter PWM carrier signal a current hysteresis control is adopted instead of the PWM control. This verification shows the effectiveness of the proposed reduced vibration technique by both simulation and experimental results.
A Machine Learning Approach to Modeling Satellite Behavior (2019)

To date, there are roughly 1,957 active satellites and 17,494 inactive and debris objects that are currently tracked orbiting the globe. Each satellite's orbit varies by shape, size, and orientation depending on the satellites distinct function. Due to their diverse orbits and quantity, it is not feasible for analysts to simultaneously monitor all satellites; however, machine learning approaches allow for the automation of satellite characterization for space situational awareness (SSA). This project presents preliminary evidence of how machine learning applications can be used to model satellite behavior. Satellite data were modeled using the machine learning approaches of supervised classification, unsupervised clustering, and supervised neural networks. Supervised models were used to determine satellite stability as a critical feature for satellite characterization. Similarly, unsupervised techniques provided insight into satellite characterization by geospatial location and detection of anomalous behavior and maneuvers. Deep learning, using a recurrent neural network (RNN), predicted sequential satellite maneuvers over time. Together, these satellite modeling results have implications for providing surveillance and security in space.
An open-loop clock generator for fast frequency scaling in 65nm CMOS technology (2011)

This paper presents an open-loop clock generator circuit for MPSoC applications. Based on an 8-phase reference clock a wide range of output frequencies with 50% duty cycle can be generated using a reverse phase switching technique. An optimized phase multiplexer enables operation at high input frequencies. Control signal synchronization allows the output frequency to be changed arbitrarily within a single clock cycle. The circuit has been implemented in 65nm CMOS technology. When operating at 2GHz input frequency, clocks from 83MHz to 666MHz can be generated with a typical power consumption between 0.6mW and 1.6mW.
Property of Bronze Knives: An Experimental Replication of a Bronze Knife (2014)

This study aims to examine the property of bronze tools and weapons through experimental replication. The target of this replication is the bronze knives of the “Spring and Autumn” period from Xinjiang, China. The composition and the element ration of the alloy, the metal construction, along with other aspects of the bronze knives of Xinjiang have been analyzed in previous studies. The alloy used for a particular knife included 10% tin, and was forged after casting the bronze to increase the strength of the metal.Referring to these previous researches, I replicated a knife casted with an alloy consisting of 10% tin and 90% copper, followed by repeated implementing of cold forging and annealing. I explored the property of the bronze alloy by measuring the strength of the replicated knife and comparing with iron.