gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visual compliance: task-directed visual servo control (1994)

This paper introduces visual compliance, a new vision-based control scheme that lends itself to task-level specification of manipulation goals. Visual compliance is effected by a hybrid vision/position control structure. Specifically, the two degrees of freedom parallel to the image plane of a supervisory camera are controlled using visual feedback, and the remaining degree of freedom (perpendicular to the camera image plane) is controlled using position feedback provided by the robot joint encoders. With visual compliance, the motion of the end effector is constrained so that the tool center of the end effector maintains "contact" with a specified projection ray of the imaging system. This type of constrained motion can be exploited for grasping, parts mating, and assembly. The authors begin by deriving the projection equations for the vision system. They then derive equations used to position the manipulator prior to the execution of visual compliant motion. Following this, the authors derive the hybrid Jacobian matrix that is used to effect visual compliance. Experimental results are given for a number of scenarios, including grasping using visual compliance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Formation of TiO2 aerosol from the combustion supported reaction of TiCl4 and O2 (1973)

The formation of particulate TiO2 has been studied by the addition of small quantities (10–5–10–3 mol fraction) of TiCl4 vapour to a lean CO + O2+ N2 flame with a maximum temperature of about 1400°C. Measurements of TiCl4 concentration have been made as a function of height (residence time) by u.-v. absorption spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that chemical reaction is essentially complete 50 ms down stream of the CO flame-front, at which stage the TiO2 particles have reached a diameter of 410 Å. Electron microscopic examination of samples of material from the flame shows that particle growth continues for a further 200 ms by a flocculation mechanism. This is a major factor determining the final particle size (630 Å). Agreement with theoretical flocculation predictions is reasonable both with respect to the development of the mean size and the size distribution. Results of sintering experiments carried out in the flame and of similar measurements carried out in the hot stage of an electron microscope demonstrate that the particles produced in this system exhibit a fusion temperature much below that of the bulk solid (1850°C). The occurrence of sintering in the flame is necessary to account for the form of the TiO2 particles produced in this system.
Generic composition and degradation activity of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from the open sea. (1985)

Generic composition and degradation activity of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in pelagic seawater were studied. Eighty six strains of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were isolated from seawater of the Western North Pacific Ocean, Eastern Indian Ocean and South China Sea.n-Tetradecane (n-C14) degradation rate (n-C14 20 μl/10ml medium) at 20°C for 14 days was under 25% for about half the number (42 strains) of the isolated bacteria. Bacterial strains in which the n-C14 degradation rate was over 50%, were only 12% (10 strains) of the isolates.The generic composition was determined for 41 isolates among the 86 strains. Bacterial family and genera of identified strains were Pseudomonas (54%), Alcaligenes (22%), Acinetobacter-Moraxella (10%), Flavobacterium (10%) and Vibrionaceae (5%). The members of genus Pseudomonas were predominant among the hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria distributed in the regions studied. There was no distinct difference in n-C14 degradation rate among the bacterial genera.The present study showed that hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria of various genera were widely distributed in pelagic areas. It is thus suggested that they play the main role in the process of natural self-purification of the seawater from hydrocarbons in these environments.
Early stages of platinum electrodeposition on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite: scanning tunneling microscopy imaging and reaction pathway (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEarly stages of platinum electrodeposition on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite: scanning tunneling microscopy imaging and reaction pathwayJ. L. Zubimendi, L. Vazquez, P. Ocon, J. M. Vara, W. E. Triaca, R. C. Salvarezza, and A. J. ArviaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 19, 5095–5102Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100121a041https://doi.org/10.1021/j100121a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views567Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A Dual Selective Antitumor Agent and Fluorescence Probe: the Binary BMVC–Porphyrin Photosensitizer (2008)

Two in one: o-2P-B (shown) generates singlet oxygen for photoinduced cytotoxicity that is highly selective for cancer cells without damaging normal cells. The required excitation wavelength is very well suited for tissue penetration in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The excellent contrast in cellular imaging of o-2B-P can be applied to monitor the pathway of PDT and serve as a cell death marker.
Recovery of Cryptosporidium oocysts from water by a membrane filter dissolution method (1995)

A membrane filter dissolution method was used to recover Cryptosporidium oocysts from spiked water. The average recovery rate was 70.5%.
Techniques in Blood Grouping (1956)

With the development of new methods of detecting isoantibodies that are capable of causing hemolytic transfusion reactions or of causing the development of erythroblastosis in a newborn baby, there is need for an up-to-date manual that presents the best techniques in readily accessible form to the busy blood bank technician. This book is a mine of such information, clearly and conveniently presented. Its usefulness is impaired, however, by its reiteration of the misinformation and misconceptions that have marred blood group literature in recent years. On page 6, there is a good discussion of the difference between an agglutinogen and a blood factor, but this seems to be forgotten in the remainder of the book, since the authors adhere to the simple but incorrect concept of a one-to-one correspondence between antigen and antibody. The C-D-E notations for the Rh-Hr types and their attendant paradoxes are the natural sequel of the fallacious
Tim‐3 expression on peripheral monocytes and <scp>CD3</scp>+<scp>CD16</scp>/<scp>CD56</scp>+natural killer‐like T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B (2014)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major causes of chronic liver inflammation. Tim-3 acts as a negative regulatory molecule and plays a critical role in immune tolerance. In the current study, we investigated Tim-3 expression on peripheral monocytes and CD3+CD16/CD56+ natural killer like T (NKT-like) cells in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 52 CHB patients and 60 healthy controls. Tim-3+CD14+ cells and Tim-3+CD3+CD16/CD56+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results showed that expression of Tim-3 was significantly increased on both the monocytes and NKT-like cells in CHB patients than in controls (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). Tim-3 levels on monocytes and NKT-like cells were further upregulated in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). In addition, we assessed the correlation of Tim-3 expression with levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Data revealed that Tim-3 expression on both monocytes and NKT-like cells was positively correlated with level of ALT (r = 0.59, P < 0.001, and r = 0.60, P < 0.001, respectively), whereas Tim-3 expression on NKT-like cells was negatively correlated with serum level of TNF-α (r = -0.54, P < 0.001) in CHB patients. Our results suggest that Tim-3 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of CHB.
Marks & Spencer and the Decline of the British Textile Industry, 1950–2000 (2016)

From the end of World War II, British clothing retailers—most notably, Marks & Spencer (M&S)—increasingly dominated the domestic textile industry, to some extent arresting its decline. This article uses financial and archival evidence to examine the distribution of costs and benefits in the M&S vertical network. It shows that these benefits became less tangible for textile firms from around 1985, in the context of lower-cost overseas competition. We chart the visible and invisible evolution of network management, demonstrating that retailer-producer collaboration evolved from a bilateral vertical partnership model to a hybrid version that retained partnerships with leading suppliers and an emphasis on domestic sourcing, but also facilitated offshore production. Since 1945, staple domestic industries in Western economies have been replaced with global production networks. In the United Kingdom, the cotton textile industry, and then the textile industry in general, declined in the face of increasing overseas competition. Survival strategies were based on restructuring and concentration. During a period of rapid transformation after 1960, cotton was absorbed into vertically structured textile conglomerates. Still, the decline continued, and as protection was phased out, fabric and apparel manufacturing faced similar threats, although rates of decline and strategic response depended on relative position in the vertical production chain. An alternative survival strategy based on vertical partnerships was led by retailers, particularly the dominant clothing retailer Marks & Spencer (M&S).
Negative sequence current cancellation with DSP and space vector controlled PWM modulated inverter (2002)

Single-phase conversion to three-phase power conversion is a special case of an unbalanced three-phase power compensator. An unbalanced three-phase current can be split into its symmetrical components in classical power system theory. A single-phase supply or load is an extreme case of an unbalanced system. In the case of a three-wire system, the current components are made up of a positive current sequence and balanced negative phase sequence current. In this paper it is shown how the negative sequence current can be eliminated without the use of active power. The opposite negative sequence is injected into the three lines by a three-phase inverter. The inverter has a space vector modulated PWM switching function. A digital signal processor (DSP) produces the control signal for the inverter semiconductor switches. The inverter is a full bridge IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) inverter running in a space vector modulation scheme (SVM). The space vector, which represents the switching states of the six switches of the inverter, consists of the sum of two circular trajectories. One trajectory runs clockwise and the other anticlockwise. The result is an elliptical trajectory. The invertor voltage space vector is calculated on line from the single-phase current and therefore requires a fast processor. A DSP is used to achieve this.
VIII.—NEW BOOKS (1925)

Journal Article VIII.—NEW BOOKS Get access The Logic of Contemporary English Realism. By RAYMOND P. HAWES, New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1923. Pp. 147. JOHN LAIRD JOHN LAIRD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume XXXIV, Issue 134, April 1925, Pages 257–258, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/XXXIV.134.257 Published: 01 April 1925
Space-time spreading assisted broadband MC DS-CDMA (2003)

In this article multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (MC DS-CDMA) using space-time spreading (STS) is investigated in the context of broadband communications over frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. We consider a range of design issues as well as the achievable bit error rate (BER) performance for the down-link, by assuming synchronous transmission of the user signals. The BER performance of STS assisted broadband MC DS-CDMA using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation is investigated by simulation for a range of parameter values. Our study shows that by appropriately selecting the system parameters, STS assisted broadband MC DS-CDMA is capable of supporting ubiquitous communications in various communication environments including indoor, open rural, suburban and urban areas without BER performance degradation. Furthermore, the STS based transmit diversity schemes can be designed for attaining a certain required diversity gain, while maintaining a near-constant BER in various communication environments, provided that frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels are encountered.
<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> Binds to, Invades, and Colonizes Native Type I Collagen Lattices (2004)

Borrelia burgdorferi binds strongly to the extracellular matrix and cells of the connective tissue, a binding apparently mediated by specific proteins and proteoglycans. We investigated the interactions between B. burgdorferi cells and intact type I collagen using hydrated lattices that reproduce features of in vivo collagen matrices. B. burgdorferi cells of several strains adhered avidly to these acellular matrices by a mechanism that was not mediated by decorin or other proteoglycans. Moreover, following adhesion to these matrices, B. burgdorferi grew and formed microcolonies. The collagen used in these studies was confirmed to lack decorin by immunoblot analysis; B. burgdorferi cells lacking the decorin adhesin bound readily to intact collagen matrices. B. burgdorferi also bound to collagen lattices that incorporated enzymes that degraded glycosaminoglycan chains in any residual proteoglycans. Binding of the bacteria to intact collagen was nonetheless specific, as bacteria did not bind agar and showed only minimal binding to bovine serum albumin, gelatin, pepsinized type I collagen, and intact collagen that had been misassembled under nonphysiological pH and ionic-strength conditions. Proteinase K treatment of B. burgdorferi cells decreased the binding, as did a lack of flagella, suggesting that surface-exposed proteins and motility may be involved in the ability of B. burgdorferi to interact with intact collagen matrices. The high efficiency of binding of B. burgdorferi strains to intact collagen matrices permits replacement of the commonly used isotopic binding assay with visual fluorescent microscopic assays and will facilitate future studies of these interactions.
Distributed video coding supporting hierarchical GOP structures with transmitted motion vectors (2015)

Abstract In this paper, we propose a new distributed video coding (DVC) method, with hierarchical group of picture (GOP) structure. Coding gain of DVC can be significantly improved by enlarging GOP size for slow-moving frames. The proposed DVC decoder estimates a side information (SI) frame and transmits motion vectors (MVs) of the SI to the proposed encoder. Using the received MVs from the decoder, the proposed encoder can generate a predicted SI (PSI), which is the same as the SI in the decoder, and estimate the quality of PSI with minimal computational complexity. The proposed method decides the best coding mode among key, Wyner-Ziv (WZ), and skip modes, by estimating rate-distortion costs. Based on the selected best coding mode, the best GOP size can be automatically determined. As the GOP size is adaptively decided depending on the SI quality, entropy and parity bits can be effectively consumed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is around 0.80 dB better in Bjøntegaard delta (BD) bitrate than an existing conventional DVC system.
Polarization in the LWIR: a method to improve target aquisition (2005)

We have shown a method of target acquisition with a high Probability of Detection (Pd), extremely low False Alarm Rate (FAR), which can be implemented in real time hardware existing in most of ELOP's FLIRs. This target acquisition method is based on sensing the linear polarized radiation of the scene and is based on the phenomenon that facets found on most man made targets show a high degree of linear polarization while natural background elements do not. Using this phenomenon (after fixing all the engineering hurdles such as polarizer wobble, etc) can give us a powerful tool for acquiring targets in cluttered backgrounds, where "regular FLIRs", even the most sensitive ones, fail to acquire targets. This phenomenon is most successful where the limiting factor for detection is the clutter, so although lowering scenes SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), by introducing the polarizer, we get higher SCR (Signal to Clutter Ratio) which is often the real limiting factor in real life. The phenomenon was found to be very robust over different targets and backgrounds in the LWIR and much weaker in the MWIR.
Analysis of the interaction between linear cyclic error correcting codes and self-synchronous payload scramblers (2008)

In order to protect public network data transmission from potential Layer 1 attacks by malicious users, self-synchronous scramblers have come into widespread use. Such networks include those using ATM, packet over SONET (POS), and the new generic framing procedure (GFP). Unfortunately, feedback taps inherent in self-synchronous descramblers cause multiplication of transmission errors, which in turn degrades the performance of most linear cyclic error detection/correction codes. This paper analyzes this scrambler/code interaction with respect to the resulting probability of undetectable errors and transmission error correction capability. The theoretical criteria are derived for a linear cyclic code to maintain its error detection and correction performance in the presence of the scramblers. A novel approach for improving the error correction capabilities is also presented.
Identification and Characterization of a Protein Destruction Signal in the Encephalomyocarditis Virus 3C Protease (1999)

The amino acid sequence LLVRGRTLVV, which is probably located in a strand-turn-strand structure, has been identified as a protein destruction signal in the rapidly degraded encephalomyocarditis virus 3C protease. Mutations within this sequence reduced the susceptibility of the 3C protease toward ubiquitination and degradation in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. This signal is transferable, since poliovirus 3C protease, which is a poor ubiquitin-mediated proteolytic system substrate, was found to be ubiquitinated and degraded when the signal sequence was either generated at an internal location in the protein or fused to the N terminus. An evaluation of the behavior of 3C protease proteins containing mutations in the signal region indicates that considerable variability in the primary structure is tolerated, although the conservation of certain features appears to be required for signal function. Two E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases that recognize the encephalomyocarditis virus 3C protease as a substrate were also partially purified. One of these was identified as the previously described E3alpha, and this was shown to require the destruction signal sequence to catalyze efficiently the ubiquitination of the 3C protease. The other is a Ubc5-dependent E3 that appears to recognize a different, unidentified feature of the 3C protease.
Laboratory Studies with a New Broad-Spectrum Penicillin, Pirbenicillin (1976)

Pirbenicillin {6-[d-2-phenyl-2(N-4-pyridylformimidoylaminoacetamido) -acetamido]-penicillanic acid} showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity in vitro and also in the treatment of experimental infections after parenteral administration to mice. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a three- to fourfold potency advantage over carbenicillin was seen both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro antibacterial spectrum of pirbenicillin includes Escherichia coli, Serratia, Citrobacter, and Enterobacter isolates, against which it exhibited minimal inhibitory concentration values comparable to those of carbenicillin. However, mice infected with E. coli and Serratia were protected at doses of pirbenicillin that were two to four times lower than those required of carbenicillin. Pirbenicillin was more active than carbenicillin against gram-positive bacteria, especially Streptococcus faecalis. It was less active than carbenicillin against Proteus spp. and was inactive against ampicillin-resistant E. coli strains. Pirbenicillin was bactericidal at concentrations generally equal to or only two-fold higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration. With appropriately buffered media, pirbenicillin demonstrated eight- and fourfold better minimal bactericidal concentration values towards Pseudomonas isolates than those of carbenicillin and ticarcillin, respectively.
Group communication protocol for atomic and causal delivery of multimedia messages (2004)

A large-scale network is composed of various types of communication channels. Each communication channel supports quality of service (QoS), which may be different from others. In group communications, each process sends a message to multiple processes while receiving messages from multiple processes. In addition, messages are required to be causally delivered. A process supporting enough QoS receives messages, cannot deliver the messages if another process supporting lower QoS does not receive the messages. Thus, multimedia data cannot be delivered to processes so as to satisfy the real-time constraint if a slower process is included in a group. We discuss group communication protocols by which multimedia messages can be delivered to a process with synchronization and QoS constraints.
A Method of Signal Timing Optimization for Spillover Dissipation in Urban Street Networks (2013)

The precise identification and quick dissipation of spillovers are critically important in a traffic control system, especially when heavy congestion occurs. This paper first presents a calculation method for the occupancy per cycle under different traffic conditions and identifies the threshold of occupancy that characterizes the formation of spillovers. Then, capacity adjustments are determined for the incoming and outgoing streams of bottleneck links, with the aim of dissipating the queue to a permissible length within a given period of time, and optimization schemes are defined to calculate splits for the upstream and downstream intersections. Finally, taking average vehicular delay, outputs per cycle, and maximum queue length on the bottleneck link as the evaluation indices, the method of dissipating spillovers proposed in this paper is evaluated using a VISSIM simulation. The results show that the maximum queue length on the bottleneck link and the average vehicular delay at the upstream and downstream intersections decrease significantly under the new signal control plan; meanwhile, the new control schemes have little influence on the outputs of the two intersections per cycle.
Ceramide-Induced Apoptosis in Rabbit Corneal Fibroblasts (2004)

Ceramide induced apoptosis in cultured corneal fibroblasts. This apoptosis involved the caspase cascade and the mitochondrial pathway.