gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antilipidemic Agents, III: Synthesis of Some Heterocyclic Derivatives of β‐Sitosterol (1990)

Four novel series of heterocyclic derivatives of beta-sitosterol were prepared by the reaction of 3-beta-sitosterol hemisuccinate with SOCl2 then with thiols, amines or phenols. These series are: 3 beta-[(3-substituted-4(3H)-quinazolinon-2- yl)thiocarbonylproprionyloxy]stigmast-5-ene; 3 beta- ([4-substituted-5-(4-pyridyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl] thiocarbonylpropionyloxy)stigmast-5-ene; 3 beta- [(5-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)carbamoylpropionyloxy] stigmast-5-ene and 3 beta-(substituted carbamoyl or oxycarbonylpropionyloxy)stigmast-5-ene. The antilipidemic activity of representative compounds was studied.
Humoral immunity in HIV-1 infection (2012)

Tijdens een hiv-infectie zorgt het afweermechanisme voor neutraliserende antistoffen die kunnen verhoeden dat het virus een nieuwe cel infecteert. Het virus kan hier echter aan ontsnappen door zich te veranderen. Sommige mensen hebben antistoffen die gericht zijn op de minder veranderlijke delen van het virus: zogeheten breed-neutraliserende antistoffen. In de Amsterdamse Cohort Studies had een derde van de hiv-patiënten deze antistoffen binnen drie jaar na infectie. Dit had echter geen invloed op het natuurlijk ziektebeloop. Zelda Euler toont aan dat hiv sinds het begin van de wereldwijde epidemie in de jaren tachtig minder gevoelig is geworden voor neutraliserende antistoffen. Dat is van belang voor vaccinontwikkeling gebaseerd op deze antistoffen.
Functionalization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes with Cyclic Nitrones for Materials and Composites: Addressing the Role of CNT Sidewall Defects (2011)

An efficient approach to the organic functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for the production of highly soluble/dispersible materials has been accomplished by a class of highly reactive and thermally stable nitrones. Besides the unprecedented solubility in aprotic polar solvents of the functionalized samples (up to 10 mg of f-MWCNTs per mL of DMF), we have demonstrated, for the first time, that the CNT functionalization by nitrones preferentially occurs at the defective CNT sidewalls without any appreciable degradation of their sp2 network. The role of the reticular imperfections on the graphitic lattice of the MWCNTs has been experimentally and theoretically addressed. A complete chemical (TGA-MS, FT-IR, SSA) and morphological (TEM, AFM) characterization of the functionalized materials has accounted for the high degree of CNT functionalization, whereas Raman scattering, in combination with complementary XRPD and active surface area (ASA) measurements, has provided unambiguous evidence of the key role played by the structural “disorder” of the MWCNTs in the nitrone cycloaddition. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the reactivity of selected topological defects at the CNT sidewalls have contributed to trace-out a “defect-based” sidewall reactivity trend. The excellent processability of the functionalized MWCNTs has been finally exploited for the preparation of highly homogeneous CNT/polymer nanocomposites with CNT loadings as high as 3 wt %.
Role of entrapped vapor bubbles during microdroplet evaporation (2012)

On superheated surfaces, the air bubble trapped during impingement grows into a larger vapor bubble and oscillates at the frequency predicted for thermally induced capillary waves. In some cases, the entrapped vapor bubble penetrates the droplet interface, leaving a micron-sized coffee-ring pattern of pure fluid. Vapor bubble entrapment, however, does not influence the evaporation rate. This is also true on laser heated surfaces, where a laser can thermally excite capillary waves and induce bubble oscillations over a broad range of frequencies, suggesting that exciting perturbations in a pinned droplets interface is not an effective avenue for enhancing evaporative heat transfer.
Prolactin Inhibiting Activity of Dopamine-Free Subcellular Fractions from Rat Mediobasal Hypothalamus (1977)

In order to check the hypothesis of an identity of dopamine (DA) and prolactin inhibiting activity (PIF), their subcellular distribution was studied in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) and the striatum, which served as a control structure. PIF was tested both in vivo and on pituitary incubates. Fractions were also assayed after adsorption of their catecholamine content on alumina, as well as in presence of haloperidol or alpha-flupentixol, potent DA receptor inhibitors. In the MBH, PIF was evenly distributed in the 17,000 g supernatant (S2) and in the crude mitochondrial fraction (P2) which contains synaptosomes. PIF activity was completely removed by alumina adsorption of S2, but not of P2 in spite of an over 99.9% elimination of DA. In contrast, striatal PIF activity was detected only in P2, and disappeared completely upon alumina adsorption, thus indicating that, in this structure, it is entirely due to DA. Addition of haloperidol (10--5M) or alpha-flupentixol (10--6M) reduced PIF activity of crude MBH homogenates, but no longer affected it after alumina adsorption. Quantitative studies suggest that only half of the total MBH PIF activity is accounted for by DA. It is concluded that the MBH contains dopamine-free PIF, which, as already shown for several other neurohormones, is exclusively distributed in nerve-endings.
Analysis of bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid sequences methylated by host- and R-factor-controlled enzymes (1975)

Phages lambda and fd were propagated in Escherichia coli strains that have either host K-12 or the N-3 R-factor deoxyribonucleic acid-cytosine methylase activity. Pyrimidine tracts containing 3H-labeled 5-methylcytosine (MeC) were analyzed; in all cases, the major methylated sequence was 5' ... C-MeC-T ... 3'.
8 kbit/s ACELP coding of speech with 10 ms speech-frame: a candidate for CCITT standardization (2002)

A toll quality speech codec at 8 kbit/s with a 10 ms speech-frame currently under standardization by the CCITT is presented. The encoding algorithm is based on algebraic code-excited linear prediction (ACELP). Efficient pitch and codebook search strategies, along with efficient quantization procedures, have been developed to achieve toll quality encoded speech with a complexity implementable on current fixed-point DSP chips. Initial subjective tests showed that the codec quality is equivalent to that of G.726 ADPCM at 32 kbit/s in error-free conditions and it outperforms G.726 under error conditions. The codec can support a frame erasure rate up to 3% with slight degradation and performs adequately under tandeming conditions. The algorithm has been implemented on a single fixed-point DSP for the CCITT qualification test. It requires about 24 MIPS.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Application of a Fed-Batch Bioprocess for the Heterologous Production of hSCOMT in Escherichia coli (2009)

In this paper, a fed-batch cultivation process in recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) bacteria, for the production of human soluble catechol-O-methyltransferase (hSCOMT), is presented. For the first time, a straightforward model is applied in a recombinant hSCOMT expression system and distinguishes an initial cell growth phase from a protein production phase upon induction. Specifically, the kinetic model predicts biomass, substrate, and product concentrations in the culture over time and was identified from a series of fed-batch experiments designed by testing several feed profiles. The main advantage of this model is that its parameters can be identified more reliably from distinct fed-batch strategies, such as glycerol pulses and exponential followed by constant substrate additions. Interestingly, with the limited amount of data available, the proposed model accomplishes satisfactorily the experimental results obtained for the three state variables, and no exhaustive process knowledge is required. The comparison of the measurement data obtained in a validation experiment with the model predictions showed the great extrapolation capability of the model presented, which could provide new complementary information for the COMT production system.
INDEPENDENCE OF CENTRIOLE FORMATION AND DNA SYNTHESIS (1973)

The temporal relationship between cell cycle events and centriole duplication was investigated electron microscopically in L cells synchronized by mechanically selecting mitotic cells. The two mature centrioles which each cell received at telophase migrated together from the side of the telophase nucleus distal to the stem body around to a region of the cytoplasm near the stem body and then into a groovelike indention in the early G(1) nucleus, where they were found throughout interphase. Procentrioles appeared in association with each mature centriole at times varying from 4 to 12 h after mitosis. Since S phase was found to begin on the average about 9 h after mitotic selection, it appeared that cells generated procentrioles late in G(1) or early in S. During prophase, the two centriolar duplexes migrated to opposite sides of the nucleus and the daughter centrioles elongated to the mature length. To ascertain whether any aspect of centriolar duplication was contingent upon nuclear DNA synthesis, arabinosyl cytosine was added to mitotic cells at a concentration which inhibited cellular DNA synthesis by more than 99%. Though cells were thus prevented from entering S phase, the course of procentriole formation was not detectibly affected. However, cells were inhibited from proceeding to the next mitosis, and the centriolar elongation and migration normally associated with prophase did not occur.
Cybersurgery: Innovation or a Means to Close Community Hospitals and Displace Physicians?, 20 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 495 (2002) (2002)

Cybersurgery is a surgical technique that allows a surgeon, using a telecommunication conduit connected to a robotic instrument, to operate on a remote patient. As a medical doctor, the author discusses the place of cybersurgery in the U.S. health care system of the new millennium. The author first reviews the field of cybersurgery and how the automatic surgeon will make off-line remote surgery possible. Then, he examines the global economy in health care systems and the impact of cybersurgery on closure of community hospitals and displacing physicians. Consequently, he discusses the ability of these entities to protect themselves with trade barriers and antitrust laws. In the end, the author suggested trade barriers and antitrust laws protect competition and not competitors. Therefore, it is the economics of supply and demand and the satisfaction of cybersurgery that ultimately dictate closure of community hospitals and employment stability of physicians.
Epidemiologic Observations on the Use of Glycol Vapors for Air Sterilization (1945)

Epidemiologic Observations on the Use of Glycol Vapors for Air Sterilization Edward Bigg, B. H. Jennings, and F. C. W. Olson CopyRight*Presented at a Joint Session of the Epidemiology, Health Officers, Laboratory, and School Health Sections of the American Public Health Association at the Seventy-third Annual Meeting in New York, N. Y., October 3, 1944. The work described in this paper was done under contract, recommended by the Committee on Medical Research, between the Office of Scientific Research and Development and Northwestern University. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.35.8.788 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Clinical Approach to the Compromised Host with Fever and Pulmonary Infiltrates (2002)

isms. [30][ 1][32] Thus, in the majority of immunocompromised patients, the concern is the "net state of immunosuppression," rather than a single defect.
Integrated-optical circuits achieved by planar technology on silicon substrates: application to the optical spectrum analyser (1984)

The possibilities, presented by a completely planar technology, of achieving integrated optical components and implementing complex optical circuits, such as an integrated spectrum analyser on an oxidised silicon substrate, are described.
Structure and Ubiquitin Interactions of the Conserved Zinc Finger Domain of Npl4 (2003)

Ubiquitylated proteins are directed into a large number of different cellular pathways through interactions with effector proteins that contain conserved ubiquitin binding motifs. Here, we report the solution structure and ubiquitin binding properties of one such motif, the Npl4 zinc finger or RanBP2/Nup358 zinc finger (NZF) domain. Npl4 NZF forms a compact module composed of four antiparallel beta-strands linked by three ordered loops. A single zinc ion is coordinated by four conserved cysteines from the first and third loops, which form two rubredoxin knuckles. Npl4 NZF binds specifically, but weakly, to free ubiquitin using a conserved 13TF14 dipeptide to interact with the "Ile-44" surface of ubiquitin. Our studies reveal the structure of this versatile class of protein binding domains and provide a means for identifying the subset of NZF domains likely to bind ubiquitin.
Twin domain imaging in topological insulator Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> and Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> epitaxial thin films by scanning X-ray nanobeam microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (2017)

The twin distribution in topological insulators Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> and Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> was imaged by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy (SXRM). The crystal orientation at the surface, determined by EBSD, is correlated with the surface topography, which shows triangular pyramidal features with edges oriented in two different orientations rotated in the surface plane by 60°. The bulk crystal orientation is mapped out using SXRM by measuring the diffracted X-ray intensity of an asymmetric Bragg peak using a nano-focused X-ray beam scanned over the sample. By comparing bulk- and surface-sensitive measurements of the same area, buried twin domains not visible on the surface are identified. The lateral twin domain size is found to increase with the film thickness.
Ground vibration analysis caused by China railway high- speed with track geometric irregularities (2013)

A semi-analytical approach, considering the effects of track geometric irregularities on the wheel/rail force, is presented in this paper to simulate the ground vibration induced by moving train loading. The; train is studied as a secondary suspension mechanical system. The track and the attached sleepers are simplified as Euler beams resting on infinite half-space. Based on the compatibility condition of deformation, combining with the 2.51) FEM for layered soil, the semi-analytical solutions of dynamic wheel/rail forces are obtained implicitly. Detailed analyses and discussions of the wheel/rail forces and ground vibration are carried out. The results show that the track geometric irregularities exert an important influence on dynamic wheel/rail forces and ground vibration. With the track geometric irregularity unchanged, the wheel/rail forces linearly increase with the increasing train speed; With the wavelength of the track geometric irregularities unchanged, the wheel/rail forces and ground vibration acceleration increases with the increasing track irregularity amplitude; With the track irregularity amplitude unchanged, the wheel/rail forces and ground vibration acceleration decreases with the increasing wave length of track irregularities.
Development and evaluation of a subunit vaccine for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (1979)

Exper imenta l infect ion of rabbi ts wi th infect ious bovine rh inotrachei t i s v i rus (IBRV) produced d iverse manifes ta t ions of d isease which included abor t ion, conjunct iv i t i s , dermat i t i s , vulvovagini t i s , sys temic infect ion, neonata l death and respi ra tory t rac t infect ion. Each d isease syndrome was s tudied us ing v i rus i so la t ion, f luorescent ant ibody examinat ion and h is to logic examinat ion. Conjunct iv i t i s , dermat i t i s and vulvovagini t i s les ions were character ized by edema, inf i l t ra t ion of mucosa and submucosa wi th inf lammatory ce l l s and u lcera t ion of epi thel ium. Systemic infect ion resul ted in severe necros is of l iver and adrenal g lands wi th large numbers of ce l l s conta in ing in t ranuclear inc lus ions . Pregnant rabbi ts abor ted wi th in 48 hours fo l lowing inocula t ion of IBRV. Virus infect ion and v i ra l les ions were not demonstra ted in abor ted fe tuses .
J Medium is Superior to Sheep Blood Agar and Brain Heart Infusion Agar for the Isolation of<i>Bacillus Larvae</i>from Honey Samples (1993)

"J Medium is Superior to Sheep Blood Agar and Brain Heart Infusion Agar for the Isolation of Bacillus Larvae from Honey Samples." Journal of Apicultural Research, 32(1), pp. 51–52Keywords: Bacillus larvaeculture mediasheep blood agarbrain heart infusion agarhoney
Dose-Response Relationship of Insulin Glulisine in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes (2007)

Rapidly absorbed and acting insulin analogs are increasingly being used to improve postprandial metabolic control (1), which may help in reducing cardiovascular-related and all-cause mortality in patients who already have good metabolic control (A1C <8%) (2). Insulin glulisine is a new insulin analog (3) and, unlike other insulin analog products, is formulated without added zinc to achieve sufficient physical shelf life (4). This unique formulation allows for the immediate availability of monomeric and dimeric insulin glulisine molecules after injection, which is key for rapid absorption into the blood stream from subcutaneous tissue (5). Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safety studies of insulin glulisine in healthy volunteers and patients with diabetes have shown that subcutaneous injection of insulin glulisine more closely mimics physiologic postprandial insulin action than regular human insulin (RHI) (6). Indeed, superior metabolic control was achieved with insulin glulisine compared with RHI in subjects with type 1 diabetes on effectively titrated basal insulin regimens (7). However, despite the increasing use of rapid-acting insulin analogs, surprisingly little is known about dose escalation on systemic insulin concentrations and metabolic activity in subjects with diabetes. This study was conducted to investigate the dose-exposure and dose-response relationships of insulin glulisine compared with RHI in subjects with type 1 diabetes.

In a single-center, randomized, euglycemic, glucose clamp trial, 18 male patients with type 1 diabetes were included in the study (aged 35.0 ± 9.2 years, BMI 24.5 ± 2.7 kg/m2, A1C 7.7 ± 0.9%). The study included a screening visit, three glucose clamp visits …
Consonant burst enhancement: a possible means to improve intelligibility for the hard of hearing. (1987)

The possibility of using a circuit to amplify selectively the burst of a stop consonant is investigated. It is shown that such a circuit used in the speech channel of an amplifying system can improve the discrimination between stop consonants. Such a system could be of value in assisting the hard of hearing.
Assessment of Live Candidate Vaccines for Paratuberculosis in Animal Models and Macrophages (2009)

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (basonym M. paratuberculosis) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis, a chronic enteritis of ruminants. To control the considerable economic effect that paratuberculosis has on the livestock industry, a vaccine that induces protection with minimal side effects is required. We employed transposon mutagenesis and allelic exchange to develop three potential vaccine candidates, which were then tested for virulence with macrophages, mice, and goats. All three models identified the WAg906 mutant as being the most attenuated, but some differences in the levels of attenuation were evident among the models when testing the other strains. In a preliminary mouse vaccine experiment, limited protection was induced by WAg915, as evidenced by a reduced bacterial load in spleens and livers 12 weeks following intraperitoneal challenge with M. paratuberculosis K10. While we found macrophages and murine models to be rapid and cost-effective alternatives for the initial screening of M. paratuberculosis mutants for attenuation, it appears necessary to do the definitive assessment of attenuation with a ruminant model.
A network screen editor implementation (1982)

Abstract A screen‐based editor has been implemented by the authors. Starting from the view that the screen image should at all times reflect the intended contents of the file, a scheme has been developed which requires the minimum compromise from this philosophy but at the same time provides a sophisticated tool which can be accessed from unmodified low‐cost ASCII terminals connected via a local area network. Good performance is achieved by the adoption of a special buffer forwarding technique in the terminal concentrator machines. A further design goal was that the user's view of the editor should be independent of either the terminal type or of the host machine operating system.
Determination of 31 pesticide residues in wolfberry by LC-MS/MS and dietary risk assessment of wolfberry consumption (2021)

a perennial deciduous shrub with ellipsoid orange-red berries It is a Solanaceae plant mainly found in Northwest China, including Xinjiang Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Province, Gansu Province and other provinces. Wolfberry has a long history in China and has been used for medicine and functional food, and it is listed in the Traditional Chinese Pharmacopeia (TCP) To a certain extent, wolfberry has been one of the most important products exported from these provinces and has provided a significant contribution to the local economy
Behavioral Treatment for the Anticipatory Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Cancer Chemotherapy (1982)

The nausea and vomiting experienced by one in four cancer patients in anticipation of chemotherapy is probably a learned response to treatment. To determine whether behavioral approaches for altering learned responses might be useful treatments for these symptoms, we compared the effects of "systematic desensitization" (a behavioral treatment in which relaxation is learned as a response to situations in which patients have had anticipatory nausea and vomiting) with those of counseling and of no treatment. Sixty ambulatory cancer patients with anticipatory nausea and vomiting before their third and fourth chemotherapy treatments were randomized equally to the three groups. Significantly more patients receiving desensitization reported no anticipatory nausea before their fifth and sixth chemotherapy treatments than patients given counseling (P less than 0.05) or no treatment (P less than 0.01). Desensitized patients also reported significantly less severe anticipatory nausea (P less than 0.01) and vomiting (P less than 0.05) and a shorter duration of anticipatory nausea (P less than 0.01). We conclude that systematic desensitization appears to have an antiemetic effect in cancer patients who receive chemotherapy, and may be useful in the management of these problems.