gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal replica placement on transparent replication proxies for read/write data (2003)

Data server replication is a promising technique for improving system performance in a large distributed network. Recently, transparent data replication has been gaining increasing attention due to its low management overheads incurred. However, research on replica placement strategies for transparent data replication thus far focused on read operations only. In this paper, we consider examination for read/write applications of two data replica placement problems (i.e., without and with constraint on the number of replicas respectively) for a single object on the deployed transparent replication proxies. The performance objective is to minimize the total data transfer cost for a target server under a given traffic pattern. Optimal solutions for these two problems are proposed, with complexities of O(N) and O(N+N/sub o/P/sub o/M/sup 2/) respectively. Numerical results show that the proposed solutions are very efficient.
Aquaporin-3 water channel localization and regulation in rat kidney (1995)

The aquaporins are a family of water channels expressed in several water-transporting tissues, including the kidney. We have used a peptide-derived, affinity-purified polyclonal antibody to aquaporin-3 (AQP-3) to investigate its localization and regulation in the kidney. Immunoblotting experiments showed expression in both renal cortex and medulla, with greatest expression in the base of the inner medulla. Subcellular fractionation of membranes, using progressively higher centrifugation speeds, revealed that AQP-3 is present predominantly in the 4,000 and 17,000 g pellets and, in contrast to AQP-2, is virtually absent in the high-speed (200,000 g) pellet that contains small intracellular vesicles. Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence studies revealed that labeling is restricted to the cortical, outer medullary, and inner medullary collecting ducts. Within the collecting duct, principal cells were labeled, whereas intercalated cells were unlabeled. Consistent with previous immunofluorescence studies (K. Ishibashi, S. Sasaki, K. Fushimi, S. Uchida, M. Kuwahara, H. Saito, T. Furukawa, K. Nakajima, Y. Yamaguchi, T. Gojobori, and F. Marumo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 6269-6273, 1994; T. Ma, A. Frigeri, H. Hasegawa, and A. S. Verkman. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 21845-21849, 1994), the labeling was confined to the basolateral domain. Immunoelectron microscopy, using the immunogold technique in ultrathin cryosections, demonstrated a predominant labeling of the basolateral plasma membranes. In contrast to previous findings with AQP-2, there was only limited AQP-3 labeling of intracellular vesicles, suggesting that this water channel is not regulated acutely through vesicular trafficking. Immunoblotting studies revealed that thirsting of rats for 48 h approximately doubled the amount of AQP-3 protein in the inner medulla. These studies are consistent with a role for AQP-3 in osmotically driven water absorption across the collecting duct epithelium and suggest that the expression of AQP-3 is regulated on a long-term basis.
Autophagy protects kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells from mitochondrial metabolic stress (2013)

Chronic metabolic stress is related to diseases, whereas autophagy supplies nutrients by recycling the degradative products. Cyclosporin A (CsA), a frequently used immunosuppressant, induces metabolic stress via effects on mitochondrial respiration, and thereby, its chronic usage is often limited. Here we show that autophagy plays a protective role against CsA-induced metabolic stress in kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells. Autophagy deficiency leads to decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, which coincides with metabolic abnormalities as characterized by decreased levels of amino acids, increased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) ratio (the levels of intermediates of the latter part of the TCA cycle, over levels of intermediates in the earlier part), and decreased products of oxidative phosphorylation (ATP). In addition to the altered profile of amino acids, CsA decreased the hyperpolarization of mitochondria with the disturbance of mitochondrial energy metabolism in autophagy-competent cells, i.e., increased TCA ratio and worsening of the NAD(+)/NADH ratio, coupled with decreased energy status, which suggests that adaptation to CsA employs autophagy to supply electron donors from amino acids via intermediates of the latter part of the TCA cycle. The TCA ratio of autophagy-deficient cells was further worsened with decreased levels of amino acids in response to CsA, and, as a result, the deficiency of autophagy failed to adapt to the CsA-induced metabolic stress. Deterioration of the TCA ratio further worsened energy status. The CsA-induced metabolic stress also activated regulatory genes of metabolism and apoptotic signals, whose expressions were accelerated in autophagy-deficient cells. These data provide new perspectives on autophagy in conditions of chronic metabolic stress in disease.
Chromosomal assignment of human cytochrome P‐450 (debrisoquine/sparteine type) to chromosome 22. (1987)

In order to determine on which chromosome the gene controlling human cytochrome P-450 (debrisoquine/sparteine type) is located a linkage study of polymorphic sparteine oxidation (PSO) to various polymorphic markers was carried out. Positive information for linkage between PSO and the P1 blood group was obtained with a maximal LOD-score of LOD = 3.35 for both male and female recombination fraction estimates of theta m = theta f = 0.0. The P1 blood group has been recently mapped to the long arm of chromosome 22. Thus it can be concluded that the gene controlling human cytochrome P-450 (debrisoquine/sparteine) is situated on the long arm of chromosome 22 in close vicinity to P1.
HALBLEITER-ANZEIGESYSTEME FUER KRAFTFAHRZEUGE (1975)

DER BERICHT BESCHREIBT DIE ENTWICKLUNG ZU EINEM VOLLSTAENDIGEN HALBLEITER-ANZEIGESYSTEM IN PERSONENWAGEN. NACH EINLEITENDEN BEMERKUNGEN UEBER GRUNDSAETZLICHE VORTEILE IM VERGLEICH ZU ANDEREN ANZEIGEFORMEN WIRD DIE GESTALTUNG DER HALBLEITER-ANZEIGE AUSFUEHRLICH BESCHRIEBEN UND ABGEBILDET. DIE ENTSCHEIDENDEN VORTEILE VON HALBLEITER-ANZEIGESYSTEMEN GLIEDERN SICH ALLGEMEIN AUF IN: ABMESSUNGEN, ZUVERLAESSIGKEIT UND VIELSEITIGKEIT. FUER DIE ANWENDUNG IN KRAFTFAHRZEUGEN KOMMEN WAHRSCHEINLICH ZWEI SYSTEME IN FRAGE: DIE GLEICHSTROM-ELEKTROLUMINESZENS-ANZEIGE UND DIE FLUESSIG-KRISTALL-ANZEIGE. BEIDE SYSTEME WERDEN KURZ ERLAEUTERT UND GRAPHISCH DARGESTELLT. ABSCHLIESSEND WIRD DIE PROGNOSE GESTELLT, DASS MOEGLICHERWEISE SCHON VOR 1980 SOLCHE ANZEIGEN IN SERIEN HERSTELLBAR SEIN WERDEN. WENN DIE FLEXIBILITAET UND DIE UNBEGRENZTHEIT DER MOEGLICHKEITEN DES HALBLEITER-ANZEIGESYSTEMS VOELLIG VERSTANDEN UND AUSGENUTZT WERDEN, SOLLTE ES MOEGLICH SEIN, ALLE FUER DEN FAHRER NOTWENDIGEN INFORMATIONEN IN EINER LEICHTER ADAPTIERBAREN FORM ANZUZEIGEN, ALS ES HEUTE MIT ZEIGERINSTRUMENTEN GESCHIEHT.
Quantile Regression Forests (2006)

Random Forests were introduced as a Machine Learning tool in Breiman (2001) and have since proven to be very popular and powerful for high-dimensional regression and classification. For regression, Random Forests give an accurate approximation of the conditional mean of a response variable. It is shown here that Random Forests provide information about the full conditional distribution of the response variable, not only about the conditional mean. Conditional quantiles can be inferred with Quantile Regression Forests, a generalisation of Random Forests. Quantile Regression Forests give a non-parametric and accurate way of estimating conditional quantiles for high-dimensional predictor variables. The algorithm is shown to be consistent. Numerical examples suggest that the algorithm is competitive in terms of predictive power.
Impedance technique for measuring dielectrophoretic collection of microbiological particles (1999)

Measurement of the impedance change resulting from the collection of microbiological particles at coplanar electrodes is shown to be an effective and potentially quantitative method of detecting dielectrophoresis. Strong correlations between the frequency-dependent dielectrophoretic collection characteristics measured by impedance change and those observed using an established counting method based on image analysis have been obtained for Escherichia coli. In addition it is shown that the new electrical method can be used to sense dielectrophoretic collection of 19 nm diameter latex beads, particles too small to be resolved by conventional optical detection systems.
Cycloheptyne–cobalt complexes via allylation of stabilized γ-carbonyl cations (1998)

The Bu2BOTf mediated reaction of stannylsilanes (5 and 9) with γ-methoxy-alkynoate and -alkynone hexacarbonyldicobalt complexes (8), followed by conversion of the organic carbonyl into an acetate and a BF3·OEt2 mediated intramolecular reaction, affords cycloheptenyne hexacarbonyldicobalt complexes (13 and 15).
Pigments, Inorganic, 4. Magnetic Pigments (2009)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Iron Oxide Pigments 2. Cobalt‐Containing Iron Oxide Pigments 3. Chromium Dioxide 4. Metallic Iron Pigments 5. Barium Ferrite Pigments
Learning to accurately COUNT with query-driven predictive analytics (2015)

We study a novel solution to executing aggregation (and specifically COUNT) queries over large-scale data. The proposed solution is generally applicable, in the sense that it can be deployed in environments in which data owners may or may not restrict access to their data and allow only `aggregation operators' to be executed over their data. For this, it is based on predictive analytics, driven by queries and their results. We propose a machine learning (ML) framework for the task (which can be adapted for different aggregates as well). We focus on the widely used set-cardinality (i.e., COUNT) aggregation operator, as it is a fundamental operator for both internal data system optimisations and for aggregation-query analytics. We contribute a novel, query-driven ML model whose goals are to: (i) learn the query space (access patterns), (ii) associate (complex) aggregation queries with the cardinality of their results, (iii) define query similarity and use it to predict the cardinality of the answer set of an ad-hoc incoming query. Our ML model incorporates incremental learning algorithms for ensuring high prediction accuracy even when both the querying patterns and the underlying data change. The significance of contribution lies in that it (i) is the only query-driven solution applicable over general environments which include restricted-access data, (ii) offers incremental learning adjusted for arriving ad-hoc queries, which is well suited for big data analytics, and (iii) offers a performance (in terms of prediction accuracy and time, and memory requirements) that is superior to data-centric approaches. We provide a comprehensive performance evaluation of our model, evaluating its sensitivity and comparative advantages versus acclaimed data-centric methods (self-tuning histograms, sampling, and multidimensional histograms).
Nephroprotective effect of Bauhinia variegata (linn.) whole stem extract against cisplatin-induced nephropathy in rats (2011)

The nephroprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of Bauhinia variegata (Linn.) whole stem against cisplatin-induced nephropathy was investigated by an in vivo method in rats. Acute nephrotoxicity was induced by i.p. injection of cisplatin (7 mg/kg of body weight (b.w.)). Administration of ethanol extract at dose levels of 400 and 200 mg/kg (b.w.) to cisplatin-intoxicated rats for 14 days attenuated the biochemical and histological signs of nephrotoxicity of cisplatin in a dose-dependent fashion. Ethanol extract at 400 mg/kg decreased the serum level of creatinine (0.65 ± 0.09; P<0.001) and urea (32.86 ± 5.88; P<0.001) associated with a significant increase in body weight (7.16 ± 1.10; P<0.001) and urine volume output (11.95 ± 0.79; P<0.05) as compared to the toxic control group. The ethanol extract of B. variegata at 400 mg/kg (b.w.) exhibited significant and comparable nephroprotective potential to that of the standard polyherbal drug cystone. The statistically (one-way-ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison) processed results suggested the protective action of B. variegate whole stem against cisplatin-induced nephropathy.
An Arginine-Histone Methyltransferase, CARMER, Coordinates Ecdysone-mediated Apoptosis in Drosophila Cells (2004)

Developmentally programmed cell death is regulated by a balance between pro- and anti-death signaling. During Drosophila metamorphosis, the removal of larval tissues is dependent on the steroid hormone ecdysone, which controls the levels of pro- and anti-death molecules. Ecdysone binds to its heterodimeric receptor ecdysone receptor/ultraspiracle to mediate transcription of primary response genes. Here we show that CARMER, an arginine-histone methyltransferase, is critical in coordinating ecdysone-induced expression of Drosophila cell death genes. Ablation of CARMER blocks ecdysone-induced cell death in Drosophila cells, but not apoptosis induced by cell stress. We demonstrate that CARMER associates with the ecdysone receptor complex and modulates the ecdysone-induced transcription of a number of apoptotic genes. Thus, the chromatin-modifying protein, CARMER, modulates cell death by controlling the hormone-dependent expression of the core cell death machinery.
Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA titres and coronary heart disease. Prospective study and meta-analysis (2002)

Neither C. pneumoniae IgA titres nor IgG titres are strongly predictive of coronary heart disease in the general population.
Effect of heat and transglutaminase on solubility of goat milk protein‐based films (2014)

The effect of heat, transglutaminase and combination of heat and transglutaminase treatments on the solubility of films prepared from goat milk casein, goat milk whey proteins and whole goat milk proteins was investigated. Goat milk casein films were less soluble when treated with transglutaminase and combination of heat with transglutaminase compare with heat‐treated caseins alone. Heat treatment was more effective at decreasing the solubility of whey protein films. SDS ‐ PAGE patterns demonstrated that goat milk caseins were better cross‐linked by transglutaminase, whereas whey proteins were better cross‐linked by heat. The extent of cross‐linking was further enhanced when a combination of heat and transglutaminase was used.
Selective Expression of the Cre Recombinase in Late-Stage Thymocytes Using the Distal Promoter of the <i>Lck</i> Gene (2005)

Transgenic mouse lines were generated that express the Cre recombinase under the control of the distal promoter of the mouse Lck gene. Cre recombination in four of these lines of transgenic mice was characterized at the single cell level using ROSA26-regulated loxP-Stop-loxP-betageo and loxP-Stop-loxP-YFP reporter mouse lines. Two of the lines showed T cell-restricted Cre recombination, whereas the other two also expressed Cre in B cells, NK cells, and monocytes. Cre recombination began at a late stage of T cell development (at or after up-regulation of the TCR during positive selection) in the two T cell-restricted lines. Lines of mice that express the Cre recombinase at late stages of thymocyte development are of value for determining the impact of mutations on T cell function in the absence of complicating effects on early thymocyte selection.
Visual Demands and Driving (2008)

The main purpose of this paper is to draw together knowledge about how drivers acquire information, from a human factors psychology standpoint, in order to provide deeper insights into the way road users behave. Driving is inherently more hazardous than other everyday activities. Therefore the application of human factors knowledge to the study of transport information acquisition could not only help improve drivers’ behavior, but also help prevent accidents. The driver’s statement “looked but failed to see” after any car accident is the best theoretical justification for the in-depth study of visual perception and attention while driving. The driver is not only a passive receptor of the traffic scene (bottom-up processing) but also, and mainly, an active processor who continuously selects and transforms information from the driving environment. This search is biased by the motivation, interests, and expectations the driver imposes on the environment and is driven by his/her attention (top-down processing). Overall findings show that many well-established principles of engineering psychology, cognitive science, social psychology, visual design, and road-user behavior are applicable and should be taken into account by engineers and other transport specialists or professionals in order to be realistic and usable. This is a very fertile research area for human factors professionals. To reduce traffic accident, it is essential to consider human strengths and weaknesses when processing information as well as the visual demands of the driving task.
Influence of column temperature on the electrophoretic behavior of myoglobin and .alpha.-lactalbumin in high-performance capillary electrophoresis (1991)

The influence of column temperature on the electrophoretic behavior of myoglobin and alpha-lactalbumin in high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) is presented. The major effect of temperature is to shorten the analysis time by decreasing the viscosity, but specific temperature effects on the protein migration behavior were also observed. Myoglobin, under high field (350 V/cm), was essentially temperature stable from 20 to 45 degrees C, but at constant current, a second form of myoglobin could be detected at both 214 and 410 nm. The initial form appeared to correspond to the Fe3+ and the second to the Fe2+ oxidation state of the heme iron. The rate of conversion from Fe3+ to the reduced Fe2+ in myoglobin, under given electrophoretic conditions, followed first-order kinetics with a rate constant at 30 degrees C of 304 s-1. A second protein, alpha-lactalbumin type III, demonstrated a conformational transition that resulted in asymmetric peaks and sigmodial mobility plots versus temperature in the transition region.
The national jockey injury study: an analysis of injuries to professional horse-racing jockeys. (1995)

While there have been numerous reports in the literature of accidents in equestrian sports, no comprehensive study has been conducted to ascertain the nature and incidence of injuries incurred by professional horse-racing jockeys. A survey was conducted to determine the types of injuries to jockeys and racing-related health concerns, including weight reduction methods. The questionnaire was completed by 706 professional jockeys actively competing at United States racetracks between July and October 1990 about injuries they had sustained in their careers. More than 1,700 injuries were reported. Fractures (n = 1,113) accounted for 64% of the total. The most common cause of injury was becoming unseated, followed by the horse falling. Relationships between characteristics of jockeys and injuries were evaluated. There were significant numbers of serious injuries with prolonged periods of not riding. Recommendations for improving jockey safety are made.
[Construction and function analysis of the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein-1 of CTAR3 region]. (2008)

The carboxyl terminal activating region-3 may be one of the most important function sites of LMP1, which involved in activating the JAK3 promoter and regulating the expression of JAK3 protein.
Simple monopole slot antenna for WWAN/LTE handset application (2011)

Promising techniques of using a band-stop matching circuit and a low-profile C-strip for bandwidth enhancement of a simple monopole slot handset antenna for the WWAN/LTE operation are demonstrated. The simple monopole slot has a small size of 4 × 50 mm2 (200 mm2) and is embedded close to the bottom edge of the system ground plane of the handset. The band-stop circuit causes a parallel resonance at the high-frequency tail of the quarter-wavelength slot mode and generates an additional resonance nearby, thus resulting in a dual-resonance excitation of the quarter-wavelength slot mode. The C-strip having a low profile of 6 mm is disposed at the bottom edge of the system ground plane and can aid in generating the chassis (system ground plane) mode for further widening the bandwidth of the dual-resonant quarter-wavelength slot mode to achieve a wide lower band for the antenna. In addition, the C-strip provides a loop path which supports a loop resonant mode to combine with a higher-order resonant mode of the monopole slot to achieve a wide upper band. The antenna can hence cover the WWAN/LTE operation in the 704∼960 and 1710∼2690 MHz bands.
Microcystin‐LR and okadaic acid‐induced cellular effects: a dualistic response (2003)

Microcystins, potent heptapeptide hepatotoxins produced by certain bloom-forming cyanobacteria, are strong protein phosphatase inhibitors. They covalently bind the serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1 and PP2A), thereby influencing regulation of cellular protein phosphorylation. The paralytic shellfish poison, okadaic acid, is also a potent inhibitor of these PPs. Inhibition of PP1 and PP2A has a dualistic effect on cells exposed to okadaic acid or microcystin-LR, with both apoptosis and increased cellular proliferation being reported. This review summarises the existing data on the molecular effects of microcystin-LR inhibition of PP1 and PP2A both in vivo and in vitro, and where possible, compares this to the action of okadaic acid.
209. Dehydrogenation. Part III. The formation of naphthols from alcohols and ketones of the hydronaphthalene group (1940)

R. P. Linstead and K. O. A. Michaelis, J. Chem. Soc., 1940, 1134 DOI: 10.1039/JR9400001134
Relationship between a spleen-derived immunosuppressive peptide 'SDIP' and the 'Facteur thymique sérique' (FTS): biochemical and biological comparison of the two factors. (1983)

A spleen-derived immunosuppressive peptide (SDIP) has been purified to homogeneity. Its physicochemical properties (electrophoretic mobility, u.v. spectra, absence of dansyl derivative) and its enzymatic susceptibilities (proteolytic enzymes, RNase, and DNase) were similar to those of the thymic hormone 'FTS'. SDIP and FTS were eluted with identical retention times in high performance liquid chromatography analysis in three different systems. When tested in sheep cell rosettes, and in the FTS radioimmunoassay in J.F. Bach's laboratory, SDIP presented an activity similar to FTS. In order to compare the thymic hormone to SDIP the biological activity of FTS was determined in in vivo and in in vitro humoral immunity reactions to a T-dependent antigen. As SDIP, FTS inhibited in vivo and in vitro the 19S-bearing cell formation during the last step of the differentiation of the lymphocytes, in the same range of concentration. The two factors appeared to stimulate the incorporation of [3H]-thymidine into the DNA of short-term cultures of thymocytes. The similarity of biological properties of SDIP and FTS together with the similarity observed in the physico-chemical and biochemical properties led to the conclusion that bovine spleen contains a factor similar to FTS.