gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of a Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Patient with 100% Skin Involvement-Case Report and Literatures Review (2007)

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare but life-threatening exfoliative skin disorder. A high mortality rate of 20% to 60% has been reported. Many kinds of dressing materials and immunoreactive agents have been reported to improve the prognosis. We reported a 37-year-old case of TEN involving 100% of the total body surface area (TBSA). We would like to share our experience of treating this patient with a combination of high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and wound dressing with Acticoat(superscript ®). The patient was discharged 22 days after admission without any residual wounds and sequela.
Subsolidus Equilibria and Luminescence Data on Phases in the System MgO-GeO[sub 2]-SiO[sub 2]-TiO[sub 2] (1963)

As an aid to the understanding of the luminescence of manganese‐activated magnesium germanates, silicates, and titanates, subsolidus compatibility relationships were determined for the systems and . The new data on these systems, coupled with previous work on the systems , , , and , and the polymorphism of the compound , permit an understanding of the host lattices responsible for luminescence and the influence of solid solution on the peak wavelength and brightness of these red‐emitting phosphors under ultraviolet and cathode‐ray excitation. Some interesting observations have been made on the red luminescence of manganese‐activated spinel and olivine‐type , (olivine), the olivine solid solution series, , and their intermediate solid solutions, but remains as the only efficient red emitter with ultraviolet excitation.
Development of a Robust PET-RAFT Polymerization Using Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) (2017)

The metal-free semiconductor, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), was introduced into RAFT polymerization for the first time. The production of linear polyacrylate and polyacrylamide has been achieved via PET-RAFT polymerization using g-C3N4 as a photoactive organocatalyst without prior deoxygenation. The resulting polymers display controlled molecular weights, narrow polymer dispersities, and high end-group fidelity as exemplified by 1H NMR analysis, MALDI-TOF-MS measurement, and chain extension experiment. Temporal control is illustrated by intermittent light and dark cycles, with polymer growth arrested in the absence of irradiation. The effects of changing RAFT agents (i.e., trithiocarbonates), solvents, catalyst concentrations, and degrees of polymerization in this system have been investigated. The successful polymerization of nonpurified monomer (i.e., still containing radical inhibitors) demonstrates the robust nature of the presented PET-RAFT system.
Polymerization and Functionalization of Membrane Pores for Water Related Applications (2014)

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was modified by chemical treatments in order to create active double bonds to obtain covalent grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) on membrane. The attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrum confirms the formation of conjugated C=C double bonds with surface dehydrofluorination. The membrane morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface composition was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The thermal stability of the dehydrofluorinated membrane (Def-PVDF) and functionalized membranes were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The influence of covalently attached PAA on Def-PVDF membrane has been investigated to determine its effect on the transport of water and charged solute. Variations in the solution pH show an effect on both permeability and solute retention in a reversible fashion. Metal nanoparticles were also immobilized in the membrane for the degradation of toxic chlorinated organics from water. In addition, PVDF membranes with an asymmetric and sponge-like morphology were developed by immersion-precipitation phase-inversion methods in both lab-scale and large-scale. The new type of spongy PVDF membrane shows high surface area with higher yield of PAA functionalization. The ion-capacity with Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions was also investigated.
Associations between Errors and Contributing Factors in Aircraft Maintenance (2003)

In recent years cognitive error models have provided insights into the unsafe acts that lead to many accidents in safety-critical environments. Most models of accident causation are based on the notion that human errors occur in the context of contributing factors. However, there is a lack of published information on possible links between specific errors and contributing factors. A total of 619 safety occurrences involving aircraft maintenance were reported using a self-completed questionnaire. Of these occurrences, 96% were related to the actions of maintenance personnel. The types of errors that were involved, and the contributing factors associated with those actions, were determined. Each type of error was associated with a particular set of contributing factors and with specific occurrence outcomes. Among the associations were links between memory lapses and fatigue and between rule violations and time pressure. Potential applications of this research include assisting with the design of accident prevention strategies, the estimation of human error probabilities, and the monitoring of organizational safety performance.
Nanogranular origin of concrete creep (2009)

Concrete, the solid that forms at room temperature from mixing Portland cement with water, sand, and aggregates, suffers from time-dependent deformation under load. This creep occurs at a rate that deteriorates the durability and truncates the lifespan of concrete structures. However, despite decades of research, the origin of concrete creep remains unknown. Here, we measure the in situ creep behavior of calcium-silicate-hydrates (C-S-H), the nano-meter sized particles that form the fundamental building block of Portland cement concrete. We show that C-S-H exhibits a logarithmic creep that depends only on the packing of 3 structurally distinct but compositionally similar C-S-H forms: low density, high density, ultra-high density. We demonstrate that the creep rate ( approximately 1/t) is likely due to the rearrangement of nanoscale particles around limit packing densities following the free-volume dynamics theory of granular physics. These findings could lead to a new basis for nanoengineering concrete materials and structures with minimal creep rates monitored by packing density distributions of nanoscale particles, and predicted by nanoscale creep measurements in some minute time, which are as exact as macroscopic creep tests carried out over years.
Depressed core Bragg waveguides: experiment and simulation (2004)

Experimentally measured propagation losses and numerical simulation of a realistic depressed core Bragg fiber are presented. The relative contributions of Bragg modes and of modes trapped in the periodic cladding are discussed.
Marsh and Aquatic Weed Problems in Wildlife Habitat (1954)

control of marsh and aquatic plants in wildlife habitat is an unfamiliar activity to most weed workers, broad aspects of its what, why, and how will be explained briefly. The field is definitely a new one, mainly because the need for it has arisen only recently. Fifty years ago there was little occasion for weed control in wildlife habitat; at that time, there was an abundance of wild ducks, geese, and game fish and no shortage of suitable places for them to feed and breed. Since then, however, the picture has changed as expanding agriculture and industry have taken over more and more of the wetland habitat used by wildlife and, at the same time, increasing millions of Americans have sought healthful outdoor relaxation in hunting and fishing. Shrinking living space for wildlife, together with greater hunting and fishing pressure from growing human populations, has made it necessary to make the best possible use of wetland habitats that remain undrained. More specifically, marshes and ponds that are poor or only fair for wildlife must, if possible, be made more productive by replacing weedy growths with useful ones. First, of course, it was necessary to recognize the weeds as such. Research on food and cover used by wildlife has supplied indications of which plants are valuable and which are not. Also, food-habits reports have made it evident that thousands of acres in marshes and ponds across the country are dominated by weeds that seriously limit productivity for game. Public interest in improving of wetland habitats has grown rapidly in recent years as the need for it has become more apparent. Now, most State game commissions have established programs for development of wetland habitat and several have local projects on control of marsh and aquatic weeds. During the past two decades
Hydrogen Peroxide Vapour in the Proximity of Hydrogen Peroxide Sterilisers (2011)

Background: Some employees engaged in central services in a hospital have experienced irritation to the eyes and throat near the hydrogen peroxide (HP) steriliser. Method: The concentrations of hydrogen peroxide vapour (HPV) in the proximity of HP sterilisers (low-temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma steriliser: Sterrad NX®, Sterrad 100S®, and Sterrad 200®, Johnson & Johnson, and Low-temperature vaporized hydrogen peroxide steriliser: Amsco V-PRO1®, Sakura Seiki) were measured with an electrochemical detector. Results: HPV was present at higher concentrations than anticipated. Conclusion: Adequate air conditioning, donning gloves for bag handling, supplied-air respirator use for door opening, and other measures for the security of healthcare personnel should be seriously reevaluated.
Testing Techniques Involved with the Development of High Shock Acceleration Sensors (1983)

Abstract : This paper describes testing techniques and equipment used in the development of Endevco Model 7270 Shock Accelerometer, having a range beyond 100,000 g nad a mounted resonant frequency on the order ot a megahertz. Conventional testing techniques proved inadequate for thorough evaluation. A new calibration system based on the Hopkinson bar has been developed to give rigorous and accurate tests to determine sensitivity, amplitude linearity and zero shift due to accelerations beyond the transducer's designed full scale acceleration level. A related but smaller apparatus was developed to determine resonant frequency and also, although to a very rough degree, the frequency response of the accelerometer. It provided the means to create sub-microsecond rise time strain waves to excite an accelerometer's resonant frequency.
Code Spelunking Redux (2008)

It has been five years since I first wrote about code spelunking, and though systems continue to grow in size and scope, the tools we use to understand those systems are not growing at the same rate. In fact, I believe we are steadily losing ground. So why should we go over the same ground again? Is this subject important enough to warrant two articles in five years? I believe it is.
Progress and challenges of tungsten-filled through-silicon via (2010)

Through Silicon Via (TSV) has been used for back-end packaging and more recently, for front end active device integration. In this work we report recent progress and challenges for via cleaning, via filling and wafer bow/stress monitoring. Furthermore, the importance of preparation technique for accurate characterization of tungsten-filled TSV profile will be presented.
ORTHOTOPIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION MANAGED EXCLUSIVELY WITH AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD (1988)

DZIK, WALTER H.; PINSON, C. WRIGHT; BODE, ROBERT H.; STONE, MICHAEL D.; ROHRER, RICHARD J.; JENKINS, ROGER L. Author Information
Cellular changes in experimental left heart hypoplasia (2002)

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a rare but deadly congenital malformation, which can be created experimentally in the chick embryo by left atrial ligation (LAL). The goal of this study was to examine the cellular changes leading to the profound remodeling of ventricular myocardial architecture that occurs in this model. Hypoplasia of left heart structures was produced after 3H-thymidine prelabeling by partial LAL at stage 24, thereby reducing its volume, and redistributing blood preferentially to the developing right ventricle (RV). Controls included both sham-operated and intact stage-matched embryos. Survivors were studied 4 days after the ligation, when the heart organogenesis was essentially complete. Paraffin sections of the hearts were subjected to autoradiography and immunohistochemistry to detect changes in history of cell proliferation and expression of myosin, and growth factors implicated in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Sampling for apoptosis detection using TUNEL assay was done at stages 29 and 34. LAL resulted in decreased levels of proliferation in the left ventricular compact layer and trabeculae. The right ventricular compact layer also showed a slight decrease, but the trabeculae showed no differences. Anti-myosin staining was significantly reduced in all compartments. The expression levels of growth factors were altered as well. Apoptosis was increased in the right atrioventricular mesenchyme, with no changes in the working myocardium. These data suggest that changes in cardiomyocyte proliferation play a significant role in the pathogenesis of HLHS. Anat Rec 267:137–145, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Micro-controller based Remote Monitoring using Mobile through Spoken Commands (2008)

Mobile phone can serve as powerful tool for world-wide communication. A system is developed to remotely monitor process through spoken commands using mobile. Mel cepstrum features are extracted from spoken words. Learning Vector Quantization Neural Network is used for recognition of various words used in the command. The accuracy of spoken commands is about 98%. A text message is generated and sent to control system mobile in form of SMS. On receipt of SMS, control system mobile informs AVR micro-controller based card, which performs specified task. The system alerts user in case of occurrence of any abnormal conditions like power failure, loss of control, etc. Other applications where this approach can be extended are also discussed.
Theoretical and experimental response of panels to turbulent boundary layer pressure fluctuations and separated flow. Some preliminary results (1967)

Digital computer program for predicting panel response to turbulent boundary layer fluctuations
Use of programmable logic devices as an aid to system design (1990)

Discusses the problems associated with developing application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) for commercial products and outlines some of the benefits that can be achieved by using bread-boarding with programmable logic devices (PLDs). It then considers an actual example and describes some of the CAD tools used. The paper then moves on to examine some of the PLD families available today and identifies the characteristics of these that will be important in the future. >
Distributed admission control for supporting isochronous traffic in DQDB MANs (2002)

Distributed queue dual bus (DQDB) metropolitan area networks (MANs) provide data and isochronous services using the connection-less queued arbitrated (QA) and connection-oriented pre-arbitrated (PA) access schemes, respectively. Essentially, the DQDB-PA scheme adopts a connection management procedure which requires laborious exchanges of control messages. Besides, the scheme disregards how bandwidth is allocated for each type of traffic. This paper proposes a distributed admission control (DAC) mechanism for supporting isochronous traffic in DQDB MANs. DAC is composed of two components, the bandwidth allocator and the connection manager. Based on a Markovian model, the bandwidth allocator dynamically allocates appropriate bandwidth to isochronous data according to the current and imminent isochronous traffic load. The bandwidth allocator consequently assures a given quality of service (QOS) requirement of the isochronous traffic with respect to the blocking probability. Moreover, requiring no direct confirmation exchanges, the connection manager allows connections to be admitted and disconnected in an implicit and distributed manner. Finally the paper also presents simulation results which demonstrate the performance superiority of DAC with respect to a set of QOS indexes, such as call admission delay, call blocking probability, and aggregate system throughput.
Crashworthiness Investigation and Optimization of Empty and Foam Filled Composite Crash Box (2010)

Metallic and composite columns are used in a broad range of automotive and aerospace applications and especially as crash absorber elements. In automotive application, crashworthy structures absorb impact energy in a controlled manner. Thereby, they bring the passenger compartment to rest without subjecting the occupant to high decelerations. Energy absorption in metallic crash absorbers normally takes place by progressive buckling and local bending collapse of columns wall. A distinctive feature of such a deformation mechanism is that the rate of energy dissipation is concentrated over relatively narrow zones, while the other part of the structure undergoes a rigid body motion. In comparison to metals, most composite columns crush in a brittle manner and they fail through a sequence of fracture mechanism involving fiber fracture, matrix crazing and cracking, fiber-matrix debonding, delamination and internal ply separation. The high strength to weight and stiffness to weight ratios of composite materials motivated the automobile industry to gradual replacement of the metallic structures by composite ones. The implementation of composite materials in the vehicles not only increases the energy absorption per unit of weight (Ramakrishna, 1997) but also reduces the noise and vibrations, in comparison with steel or aluminum structures (Shin et al., 2002). The crashworthiness of a crash box is expressed in terms of its energy absorption E and specific energy absorption SEA. The energy absorption performance of a composite crash box can be tailored by controlling various parameters like fiber type, matrix type, fiber architecture, specimen geometry, process condition, fiber volume fraction and impact velocity. A comprehensive review of the various research activities have been conducted by Jacob et al. (Jacob et al., 2002) to understand the effect of particular parameter on energy absorption capability of composite crash boxes. The response of composite tubes under axial compression has been investigated by Hull (Hull, 1982). He tried to achieve optimum deceleration under crush conditions. He showed that the fiber arrangement appeared to have the greatest effect on the specific energy absorption. Farley (Farley, 1983 and 1991) conducted quasi-static compression and impact tests to investigate the energy absorption characteristics of the composite tubes. Through his
A RIPK2 inhibitor delays NOD signalling events yet prevents inflammatory cytokine production (2015)

Intracellular nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain (NOD) receptors recognize antigens including bacterial peptidoglycans and initiate immune responses by triggering the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through activating NF-κB and MAP kinases. Receptor interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) is critical for NOD-mediated NF-κB activation and cytokine production. Here we develop and characterize a selective RIPK2 kinase inhibitor, WEHI-345, which delays RIPK2 ubiquitylation and NF-κB activation downstream of NOD engagement. Despite only delaying NF-κB activation on NOD stimulation, WEHI-345 prevents cytokine production in vitro and in vivo and ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. Our study highlights the importance of the kinase activity of RIPK2 for proper immune responses and demonstrates the therapeutic potential of inhibiting RIPK2 in NOD-driven inflammatory diseases.
School screening - referral criteria and incidence of ocular disorders in the Blacktown local government area of western Sydney (1999)

Students at kindergarten and Year 5 (n=3,289) underwent primary or secondary vision screening by the community orthoptist as part of the community health program for the Blacktown local government area during 1996 and 1997. This paper documents the visual screening standards used and the incidence of referral. The statistics demonstrate the need for school screening to continue and the importance of screening Year 5 as well as kindergarten children with a total referral rate of 20.6%. Visual acuity accounted for 16.7% of this total and ocular muscle defects rated at 3.9%. (author abstract)
Evaluation of World Bank assistance for primary education in Pakistan (2007)

The purpose of this case study is to assess the World Bank's support for primary education in Pakistan since 1990 and to improve future support from the Bank. The study will assess access, quality, and equity in primary education, especially for girls and the poor. Producing a national case study is a complex task in country as large (population estimated to be about 152 million in 2005) and diverse as Pakistan. Although the country is officially an Islamic republic, it is home to significant religious minorities and is far from being ethnically and linguistically homogeneous. This paper is structured to give as much historical and political-economic background as possible within a limited framework. A review of Bank support, including economic and sector work and lending operations, shows that the Bank has struggled with the complexities of working in Pakistan, which have been basically of three types. First, the federal structure of the government often resulted in coordination problems between the federal and provincial governments, leading the Bank to mostly fund provincial projects and programs. Second, each province has a unique ethnic and cultural mix, and alignment of political parties. Third, each province has its own implementation problems, resulting in part from the first two factors. Thus the Bank has continually struggled to learn what was the right thing to do and what was the right way to do it.
Quantitative Characterization and Representation of Global Microstructural Geometry (2004)

Abstract The objective of quantitative metallography/stereology is to describe the geometric characteristics of the features. This article discusses the geometric attributes of microstructural features that can be divided into: the numerical extents and the number density of microstructural features; derived microstructural properties; feature specific size, shape, and orientation distributions; and descriptors of microstructural spatial clustering and correlations. It emphasizes on the practical aspects of the measurement techniques and applications. The article also provides information on the quantitative metallographic methods for estimation of volume fraction, total surface area per unit volume, and total length of per unit volume.