gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Model to Explain the Effective Passivation of the GaAs Surface by (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub> Treatment (1988)

A model is presented to explain why and how the GaAs surface is passivated and stabilized by (NH 4 ) 2 S x treatment. Natural oxide, together with a thin layer of GaAs, is removed and the fresh GaAs surface is covered with a monoatomic layer of sulfur which has no dangling bonds. On this surface, foreign atoms are prohibited from chemical adsorption. Thus, the As and Ga vacancies which are, according to Spicer's “unified defect model”, the cause of the interface trap level are not introduced. The present model of the passivation successfully interprets different experimental data on the surfaces treated with solutions of sodium sulfide and ammonium sulfide with and without excess sulfur.
Passively transferred human NMO-IgG exacerbates demyelination in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2013)

NMO-IgG is pathogenic in the context of EAE in mice.
A live multimedia stream querying system (2005)

Querying live media streams captured by various sensors is becoming a challenging problem, due to the data heterogeneity and the lack of a unifying data model capable of accessing various multimedia data and providing reasonable abstractions for the query purpose. In this paper we propose a system that enables directly capturing media streams from sensors and automatically generating more meaningful feature streams that can be queried by a data stream processor. The system provides an effective combination between extendible digital processing techniques and general data stream management research.
Electrokinetic remediation of contaminated soils: An update (1991)

In neurological critical care patients, CICVCs appear to have a better risk profile compared to PICCs, with a decreased risk of CRLVT. As use of PICCs in critical care patients increases, a prospective randomized trial comparing PICCs and CICVCs in neurological critical care patients is necessary to assist in choosing the appropriate catheter and to minimize risks of morbidity and mortality associated with central venous access.
Atomic meshing of seismic images (2002)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002Atomic meshing of seismic imagesAuthors: Dave HaleJeff EmanuelDave HaleLandmark Graphics and Jeff EmanuelLandmark Graphicshttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817124 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817124FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByComprehensive Sediment Horizon Picking From Subbottom Profile DataIEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, Vol. 44, No. 2Automatic boundary extraction from magnetic field data using triangular meshesNathan Leon Foks and Yaoguo Li19 April 2016 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 81, No. 3Semisupervised multiattribute seismic facies analysisJie Qi, Tengfei Lin, Tao Zhao, Fangyu Li, and Kurt Marfurt15 February 2016 | Interpretation, Vol. 4, No. 1A hybrid approach for salt dome detection in 2D and 3D seismic dataSegmentation of salt domes, mass transport complexes on 3D seismic data volumes using Kuwahara windows and multiattribute cluster analysisJie Qi*, Marcus Cahoj, Abdulmohsen AlAli, Lanbin Li, and Kurt Marfurt19 August 2015Salt delineation via interpreter-guided 3D seismic image segmentationAdam D. Halpert, Robert G. Clapp, and Biondo Biondi26 March 2014 | Interpretation, Vol. 2, No. 2Automatic boundary detection using potential-field dataLeon Foks and Yaoguo Li19 August 2013Image segmentation for velocity model construction and updatingAdam D. Halpert, Robert G. Clapp, Jesse Lomask, and Biondo Biondi15 December 2008Application of image segmentation to tracking 3D salt boundariesJesse Lomask, Robert G. Clapp, and Biondo Biondi21 May 2007 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 72, No. 4Multiscale deformable-layer tomographyHua-wei Zhou24 May 2006 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 71, No. 3Seismic interpretation with fluid flow simulationDave Hale, John Killough, and Jeff Emanuel3 January 2005Meshing for velocity modeling and ray tracing in complex velocity fieldsAndreas Rüger and Dave Hale3 January 2005Image segmentation for tracking salt boundariesJesse Lomask, Biondo Biondi, and Jeff Shragge3 January 2005 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2002 Pages: 2478 publication data© 2002 Copyright © 2002 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Dave Hale and Jeff Emanuel, (2002), "Atomic meshing of seismic images," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 2126-2129. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817124 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Doubling the Accuracy of Indoor Positioning: Frequency Diversity (2020)

Determination of indoor position based on fine time measurement (FTM) of the round trip time (RTT) of a signal between an initiator (smartphone) and a responder (Wi-Fi access point) enables a number of applications. However, the accuracy currently attainable-standard deviations of 1-2 m in distance measurement under favorable circumstances-limits the range of possible applications. An emergency worker, for example, may not be able to unequivocally determine on which floor someone in need of help is in a multi-story building. The error in position depends on several factors, including the bandwidth of the RF signal, delay of the signal due to the high relative permittivity of construction materials, and the geometry-dependent "noise gain" of position determination. Errors in distance measurements have unusal properties that are exposed here. Improvements in accuracy depend on understanding all of these error sources. This paper introduces "frequency diversity," a method for doubling the accuracy of indoor position determination using weighted averages of measurements with uncorrelated errors obtained in different channels. The properties of this method are verified experimentally with a range of responders. Finally, different ways of using the distance measurements to determine indoor position are discussed and the Bayesian grid update method shown to be more useful than others, given the non-Gaussian nature of the measurement errors.
Investigation Into Static and Dynamic Performance of the Copper Trace Current Sense Method (2009)

This paper investigates the static and dynamic performance of current sense methods, which exploit the resistive voltage drop across the current carrying copper trace. This approach promises very low cost since no dedicated shunt resistor is required, no additional power losses occur and no extra space on the printed-circuit-board (PCB) is necessary. A microcontroller can be used to calibrate the copper trace resistance and implement a temperature drift compensation by means of a temperature sensor. Given that today almost every electronic device has at least one microcontroller that can provide the small computation power required for this current sensing technique, the additional cost of such a technique is small.While the proposed technique appears straightforward, theoretical modeling and hardware experiments revealed two unexpected obstacles. First, the thermal resistance between the busbar and the temperature sensor notably alters correction for the temperature drift. We found that it is possible to rectify this behavior by implementing a more sophisticated temperature compensation method inside the microcontroller. Second, it is demonstrated that the self-inductance of the busbar arrangement is not important for the dynamic behavior (frequency response) of this measurement method, and the response is determined by the mutual inductance between main loop and sense loop. Based on simulation and measurements, we demonstrated that a simple RC-compensation network can significantly improve the frequency response.
Zur Kenntnis der Ferrate(VI) (1955)

Abstract Die Darstellung von reinem K 2 FeO 4 , Cs 2 FeO 4 , BaFeO 4 · aq und SrFeO 4 · aq wird beschrieben. Die thermische Zersetzung von K 2 FeO 4 im O 2 ‐Strom wird untersucht; sie führt höchstwahrscheinlich zur gleichzeitigen Bildung von K 3 FeO 4 und KFeO 2 . K 2 FeO 4 reagiert mit der berechneten Menge Na 2 O unter Bildung von Alkaliferrat(V). Es wird gezeigt, daß bestimmte BaFeO 4 · aq‐Präparate bei Zimmertemperatur spontan in BaFeO 3 · aq und Sauerstoff zerfallen. Das thermische Verhalten von BaFeO 4 · aq wird untersucht.
Synthesis and chemistry of ethyl 2-diethylphosphonoacrylate (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and chemistry of ethyl 2-diethylphosphonoacrylateWilliam A. Kleschick and Clayton H. HeathcockCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 6, 1256–1259Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00400a056https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00400a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views395Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of Vascular Calcification by Osteoclast Regulatory Factors RANKL and Osteoprotegerin (2004)

Vascular calcification often occurs with advancing age, atherosclerosis, various metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease, or in rare genetic diseases, leading to serious clinical consequences. Such mineralization can occur at various sites (cardiac valves, arterial intima or media, capillaries), involve localized or diffuse widespread calcification, and result from numerous causes that provoke active inflammatory and osteogenic processes or disordered mineral homeostasis. Although valuable research has defined many key factors and cell types involved, surprising new insights continue to arise that deepen our understanding and suggest novel research directions or strategies for clinical intervention in calcific vasculopathies. One emerging area in vascular biology involves the RANKL/RANK/OPG system, molecules of the tumor necrosis factor-related family recently discovered to be critical regulators of immune and skeletal biology. Evidence is accumulating that such signals may be expressed, regulated, and function in vascular physiology and pathology in unique ways to promote endothelial cell survival, angiogenesis, monocyte or endothelial cell recruitment, and smooth muscle cell osteogenesis and calcification. Concerted research efforts are greatly needed to understand these potential roles, clarify whether RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand) promotes and osteoprotegerin (OPG) protects against vascular calcification, define how OPG genetic polymorphisms relate to cardiovascular disease, and learn whether elevated serum OPG levels reflect endothelial dysfunction in patients. Overall, the RANKL/RANK/OPG system may mediate important and complex links between the vascular, skeletal, and immune systems. Thus, these molecules may play a central role in regulating the development of vascular calcification coincident with declines in skeletal mineralization with age, osteoporosis, or disease.
CASNS—a heuristic algorithm for the nesting of irregular-shaped sheet-metal blanks (1991)

This article reports on the design and implementation of a computer-aided sheet nesting system (CASNS) for the nesting of two-dimensional irregular-shaped sheet-metal blanks on a given sheet stock or coil stock. The system is designed by considering several constraints of sheet-metal stamping operations, such as bridge width and grain orientation, and design requirements such as maximising the strength of the part when subsequent bending is involved, minimisation of scrap, and economic justification for a single or multiple station operation. Through many practical case studies, the system proves its efficiency, effectiveness and usefulness.
Overcoming interconnect scaling challenges using novel process and design solutions to improve both high-speed and low-power computing modes (2017)

Interconnect scaling in future CMOS technology nodes is projected to cause an unprecedented increase in resistance, making interconnects the key performance limiter instead of transistors. Both high-speed and low-power computing modes based on dynamically changing VDD and frequency will be the most impacted by this trend. To overcome this dilemma we present device-circuit-architecture solutions based on the reconfiguration of i) buffered interconnects and ii) execution architecture. Interconnect is dynamically reconfigured by either CMOS transistors or novel Insulator-Metal-Transition “via” devices. Processor execution resources are dynamically re-provisioned based on operating mode and activity metrics. With projected interconnect resistance, a simulated processor design shows 18% and 15% performance improvement from interconnect and execution architecture reconfiguration, respectively. When combined, these techniques provide 35% performance improvement in high-speed mode and energy efficiency in low-power mode.
Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry in High‐Throughput Screening of Homogeneous Catalysts. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cloning and comparison of ten gene sequences of a Chilean H. pylori strain with other H. pylori strains revealed higher variability for VacA and CagA virulence factors (2002)

We have cloned and sequenced ten Helicobacter pylori genes from a Chilean strain (CH-CTX1) including: a cytotoxin VacA fragment, a CagA fragment (A17), a species-specific protein (TsaA), urease subunits (UreA, UreB), a flagellin subunit (FlaB), heat shock proteins (HspA and HspB), adhesin (HpaA) and a lipoprotein (Lpp20). We compared their deduced amino acid sequences with the corresponding sequences from three unrelated H. pylori strains, including fully sequenced strains 26695(UK) and J99(USA), and found that eight of them (UreA, UreB, FlaB, HspA, HspB, Lpp20, TsaA and HpaA) presented more than 97.3% identity. In contrast, VacA partial sequence showed lower identity values (93.2-94.9%). Moreover, we found major differences in the A17 region respect to the number and arrangement of the internal repeated elements when sequences from different strains were aligned. The A17 regions from strains CH-CTX1 and 26695 are very similar (91.8% identity) but lacked 6 repeated elements when compared to the Australian strains ATCC 43526 and NCTC 11637. The CCUG 17874 A17 region showed the largest deletion involving 9 repeats. A17 size differences between strains CCUG 17874 and CH-CTX1 were verified by PCR and polypeptide size. Such differences may explain variations in virulence among H. pylori strains as well as diversity in serum immunoreactivity.
Apoptosis in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (2008)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype inflammatory autoimmune disease resulting from autoimmune responses against nuclear autoantigens. During apoptosis many lupus autoantigens congregate inside the cells and are susceptible to modifications. Modified nuclear constituents are considered foreign and dangerous. Therefore, apoptotic cells have to has to be efficiently removed to avoid the accumulation of apoptotic debris and the subsequently development of autoimmune responses. Hence, apoptosis and clearance of apoptotic cells/material are considered key processes in the aetiology of SLE. Clearance deficiencies may account for the development of autoimmunity by inducing a loss of tolerance in lymphoid tissues. Furthermore, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells may lead to a pro-inflammatory response in the presence of autoantibodies. This may sustain inflammatory conditions and the pathology found in overt lupus.
Lewis acid zeolites for tandem Diels–Alder cycloaddition and dehydration of biomass-derived dimethylfuran and ethylene to renewable p-xylene (2015)

<italic>p</italic>-Xylene was synthesized by [4 + 2] cycloaddition of biomass-derived ethylene and dimethylfuran over Lewis acid zeolite catalyst, Zr-BEA, with 90% selectivity in products.
DFB lasers with monolithically integrated passive waveguide (1992)

Novel MQW integrated passive waveguide (IPW) DFB lasers have been fabricated using a selective area MOVPE growth technique. Detailed measurements of the absorption loss of the passive waveguide in the structure as well as its influences on the laser linewidth are reported for the first time. A linewidth reduction factor of more than 3 is observed as compared to a simple DFB laser despite the high absorption loss.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Augmenting audio messages with visual directions in mobile guides (2005)

Supporting users' navigation is a fundamental feature of mobile guides. This paper presents an experimental evaluation comparing three different ways of providing navigation guidance by combining visual and audio directions during guided city tours. The three considered solutions differ in the way audio directions are augmented with visual directions: a traditional map-based solution, a combination of a map and photographs of the area, a combination of large arrows and photographs.The results of our evaluation show that when the map is combined with photographs that clearly indicate the direction to the user or when the map is replaced by a combination of directional arrows and photographs, users' performance is significantly better. Moreover, the combination of map and photographs was highly preferred by users.
Densification of Iron Powder Compacts by Liquid Phase Sintering using Fe-Ni-B Master Alloy Powder and Improvement of their Mechanical Properties (1989)

The effect of addition of 20%Fe-70%Ni-10%B master alloy powder on the sintering behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties of atomized iron powder compacts has been studied.The results are summarized as follows.(1) The Fe-Ni-B master alloy profoundly activated the sintering process through the formation of eutectic liquid. Rapid densification occurred above 1403 K. Densities of the order 99% theoretical were readily achieved with 2% addition.(2) Sintered strength increased with the amount of master alloy powder. With 5% additive, the tensile strength of 400 MPa was obtained. Maximum elongation of 33% occurred at 2% addition.(3) Elongation was closely related to the eutectic phase and decreased as the brittle intermetallic phase became continuous.(4) The sintering process of this work could be treated as traditional persistent liquid phase sintering. The volume fraction of liquid necessary for full density was 8%.
Personal appliance system and ASIC architecture (2002)

Summary form only given as follows. A case analysis of four different solutions for Personal Communicators/PDAs is presented in tutorial form. The tutorial also addresses the design considerations for low-cost communication centric compute devices and technology trends which will shape the future of this new class of device. A look at the system requirements which are envisioned For this new class of device is presented to set the expectations for the products. The first generation solutions developed by various companies or under company alliances are then inspected. Several systems are compared looking at the functionality, inferred design trade-off made in the partitioning and design of the chip sets upon which they are based. Special consideration will be payed to the power, UI I/O and communication sub-systems. The announced systems which will be included In the tutorial are: the AT&T/Eo Hobbit based EO440 and the Apple ARM based Newton 110; the soon to be announced Motorola Dragon based Envoy. The announced chipsets provided by AMD and Cirrus Logic are included although no systems have been announced making use of these devices. Lastly, we will gaze into the future and look at where system integration will take future products.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enhanced Detection Sensitivity with a New Windowless XEDS System for AEM Based on Silicon Drift Detector Technology (2010)

For many years now, the combination of the modern S/TEM system (scanning/transmission electron microscope) with the X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (XEDS) has resulted in Analytical Electron Microscopes (AEMs) able to deliver both high-resolution imaging and elemental composition maps in the same instrument. This ability to correlate local elemental composition with microstructure has greatly broadened the applications realm of the S/TEM instrument. The boundaries of performance for many of these applications are now determined by limits in XEDS system detection sensitivity. In this article, we describe an AEM with greatly enhanced detection sensitivity due to a number of innovations in the system architecture, including: a high-brightness Schottky FEG source, four detectors integrated deeply into the objective lens, windowless silicon drift detector technology with shutters, and high-speed electronics readout. This new system architecture provides many performance benefits, such as improved light element detection, better sample tilt response, faster mapping, and especially enhanced system detection sensitivity.
Temporally enhanced 3D capture of room-sized dynamic scenes with commodity depth cameras (2014)

In this paper, we introduce a system to capture the enhanced 3D structure of a room-sized dynamic scene with commodity depth cameras such as Microsoft Kinects. It is challenging to capture the entire dynamic room. First, the raw data from depth cameras are noisy due to the conflicts of the room's large volume and cameras' limited optimal working distance. Second, the severe occlusions between objects lead to dramatic missing data in the captured 3D. Our system incorporates temporal information to achieve a noise-free and complete 3D capture of the entire room. More specifically, we pre-scan the static parts of the room offline, and track their movements online. For the dynamic objects, we perform non-rigid alignment between frames and accumulate data over time. Our system also supports the topology changes of the objects and their interactions. We demonstrate the success of our system with various situations.
Densely integrated microring resonator based photonic devices for use in access networks (2007)

Two reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers, operating in the second or third telecom window, as well as a 1x4x4 reconfigurable lambda-router operating in the second telecom window, are demonstrated. The devices have a footprint less than 2 mm(2) and are based on thermally tunable vertically coupled microring resonators fabricated in Si(3)N(4)/SiO(2).
Early effect of NEURAPAS®balance on current source density (CSD) of human EEG (2011)

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01047605.