gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<p>Potential Use of Microbial Surfactant in Microemulsion Drug Delivery System: A Systematic Review</p> (2020)

Synthetic surfactants could be replaced by biosurfactants as an effective bio-source for MDDS due to their excellent self-assembling and emulsifying activity properties.
Emerging Patterns of Hookworm Infection: Influence of Aging on the Intensity of <i>Necator</i> Infection in Hainan Province, People’s Republic of China (2002)

We examined risk factors associated with Necator americanus infection among persons aged > or =50 years in Hainan Province, People's Republic of China. Age and sex made the most important contributions to the variation in infection intensity (28%-30%), with age alone responsible for 27% of this variation. When stratified by 20-year age intervals, the influence of shared residence was 23% for persons aged > or =50 years and 27% for those aged <20 years, who had the highest and lowest levels of infection intensity, respectively. This points to shared residence as a means of capturing the complex relationship between aging and shared socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors that influence transmission of Necator infection. None of the other 26 personal or 32 household risk factors were found to be significant. The importance of aging in Necator infection reveals an emerging public health problem among the elderly population of developing countries.
Vagal Nerve Activity and the High Frequency Peak of the Heart Rate Variability (1999)

For the Quality of life (QOL) of patients with an artificial heart system, monitoring an information of the cardiovascular control system may be important. We have been evaluating the autonomic nervous system for that purpose. Recently, fluctuations in hemodynamic parameters including heart rate variability (HRV) were evaluated by means of spectral analysis and nonlinear mathematical analysis. Respiratory wavers in HRV were thought to reflect ongoing information of the parasympathetic nerve activity. Is it true? In order to confirm this hypothesis, we recorded vagal nerve activity directly in the chronic animal experiments. Six healthy adult goats were anesthetized with Halothene inhalation and thoracotomy were performed by the fourth lib resection during mechanical ventilation. Arterial blood pressure, right and left atrial pressures were continuously monitored with the catheter insertion. Cardiac output was measured by the electromagnetic flowmeter attached to the ascending aorta. After the chest was closed, incision was made to the left neck and left vagal nerve was separated. Stainless steel electrodes were inserted into the vagal nerve and fixed by the plasticizer. After the incision was closed, the goats were transferred to the cage and extubated after waking. Hemodynamic parameters and vagal nerve activity were measured in the awake condition. The results showed that clear observation of the autonomic nerve discharges were embodied by this experimental system. The vagal nerve discharges were synchronized with heart beat and respiration. The vagal nerve tonus was significantly influenced by the hemodynamic alteration. However in some condition, the respiratory wave was not always consistent with tonus of the vagal nerve activity, thus suggesting that we should check another information to evaluate the parasympathetic tone. We must continue this study to evaluate an autonomic nerve during artificial heart circulation.
Synthesis and Optical Characterization of Submicrometer Gold Nanotubes Grown on Goethite Rods (2008)

Goethite (FeOOH) rods were used as templates for growing gold nanotubes with a length of a few hundred nanometers and an aspect ratio between 3 and 4. Successful uniform growth required surface modification, followed by the attachment of small Au seeds and one-step seeded growth using formaldehyde as a reducing agent, as previously reported for the growth of Au shells on silica spheres and hematite spindles. The thickness and surface roughness of the obtained shells could be adjusted by simply varying the concentration ratio between seeds (modified goethite rods) and growth reagents (HAuCl 4 and formaldehyde). The morphology of the synthesized gold nanotubes was thoroughly characterized by TEM, SEM, and AFM/MFM. The resulting gold nanotubes display well-defined plasmon resonances, with a strong longitudinal mode centered around ca. 1400 nm and a broad band in the visible resulting from the overlap of a transverse mode and a multipolar mode, as was found from theoretical modeling using the boundary element method, which provides reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
H<sub>0</sub> And Related Indicator Acidity Function (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTH0 And Related Indicator Acidity FunctionM. A. Paul and F. A. LongCite this: Chem. Rev. 1957, 57, 1, 1–45Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr50013a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr50013a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1471Altmetric-Citations532LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>In Situ</i> Regeneration of Adipose Tissue in Rat Fat Pad by Combining a Collagen Scaffold with Gelatin Microspheres Containing Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (2006)

This study is an investigation to evaluate in situ adipose tissue regeneration in fat pads. Gelatin microspheres with different water contents were prepared for the controlled release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). After a collagen sponge scaffold was incorporated by the microspheres containing 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 microg of bFGF with or without syngeneic rat preadipocytes (1 x 10(5) cells/site) into a defect of rat fat pad, adipogenesis at the implanted site of scaffold was evaluated histologically. in situ formation of adipose tissue accompanied with angiogenesis was observed in the scaffold implanted with the microspheres containing 1.0 microg of bFGF, although the extent was less at the lower and higher bFGF doses. The in situ formation induced by the microspheres containing bFGF was significantly higher than that induced by free bFGF of the same dose. Adipogenesis was enhanced with time after implantation up to 4 weeks and thereafter leveled off. Such in situ adipogenesis was reproducibly induced by implantation of collagen scaffold incorporating gelatin microspheres containing 1 microg of bFGF, whereas addition of rat syngeneic preadipocytes did not promote the adipogenesis. The degradation of microspheres and the consequent FGF release became faster with an increase in the water content of gelatin microspheres. Less in situ formation of adipose tissue was observed at the lower water content of microspheres, which showed longer-term bFGF release. We conclude that combination of scaffold collagen with an appropriate controlled release of bFGF was essential to achieve the in situ formation of adipose tissue even without preadipocytes.
Fragility, Spin, and Interpretation of Randomized Clinical Trials* (2019)

Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre; and MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom *See also p. 456. Dr. Lobo's institution received funding from BBraun (unrelated), and he received funding from BBraun and speaker's honoraria from BBraun, Fresenius Kabi, Shire, and Baxter Healthcare for speaking on unrelated work.
A sub-wavelength scale acoustoelastic sonic crystal for harvesting energies at very low frequencies (<∼1 kHz) using controlled geometric configurations (2016)

Predictive design to control the geometric configurations of a novel sub-wavelength scale energy scavenger to harvest energy at lower sonic frequencies (<∼1 kHz) is presented. In this work, defying the conventional physics of structural resonance at lower frequencies, the traditional solution of large size harvesters is argued by adopting the physics of local resonance in designing the energy harvesters with sub-wavelength scale foot print. It is reported that during the local resonance, the wave energy passing through the acoustoelastic sonic crystals remains trapped within the soft matrix as the dynamic strain energy; hence, it is proposed to harvest that same trapped energy by strategically embedding the smart materials inside the matrix, capable of electromechanical transduction (e.g. lead zirconate titanate). The proposed acoustoelastic sonic crystal model was able to harvest energies at four different frequencies within <∼1 kHz with possible loading conditions and respective lead zirconate titanate placements. Through experimental validation, a particular acoustoelastic sonic crystal model with sub-wavelength geometry (∼3.65 cm) was investigated. Against 10 kΩ resistive load, a maximum power density of ∼92.4 µW/cm 2 was achieved. It is further reported that the geometrical model of the proposed harvesters can be predictively altered while filtering the acoustic waves and harvest the energy, simultaneously.
Bloom filter-based dynamic wear leveling for phase-change RAM (2012)

Phase Change RAM (PCM) is a promising candidate of emerging memory technology to complement or replace existing DRAM and NAND Flash memory. A key drawback of PCMs is limited write endurance. To address this problem, several static wear-leveling methods that change logical to physical address mapping periodically have been proposed. Although these methods have low space overhead, they suffer from unnecessary data migrations thereby failing to exploit the full lifetime potential of PCMs. This paper proposes a new dynamic wear-leveling method that reduces unnecessary data migrations by adopting a hot/cold swapping-based dynamic method. Compared with the conventional hot/cold swapping-based dynamic method, the proposed method requires only a small amount of space overhead by applying Bloom filters to the identification of hot and cold data. We simulate our method using SPEC2000 benchmark traces and compare with previous methods. Simulation results show that the proposed method reduces unnecessary data migrations by 58~92% and extends the memory lifetime by 2.18~2.30 times over previous methods with a negligible area overhead of 0.3%.
The Evolution of Potato Breeding (2018)

Potato cultivars worldwide are mostly tetraploid and clonally propagated. For over a century, the breeding strategy has been phenotypic recurrent selection. The polyploid nature of the crop, however, prevents breeders from eliminating deleterious alleles and assembling positive ones for the large array of traits necessary in a successful cultivar. Potato breeders have assumed that cultivars must be tetraploid, but some diploids produce tuber yields equivalent to tetraploid cultivars. In South America, most wild potato relatives are diploid and landraces exist at multiple ploidy levels, with no clear phenotypic distinction due to ploidy. The next step in the evolution of potato breeding may be to return to the diploid level and implement an inbred line based strategy. This will allow potato breeders to reduce the genetic load through inbreeding and then combine desirable traits through hybridization.
Dihydrotestosterone with an Ammonium Centre in the Position 16β (1997)

In an alternative synthesis of 17β-hydroxy-16β-(piperidin-1-yl)-5α-androstan-3-one ( 4 ), neighbouring group participation between a 17β-carbonyloxy group and the 16β-amino group was used and a high yield partial hydrolysis of 3β,17β-diacetoxy-16β-(piperidin-1-yl)-5α-androstane ( 11 ) was developed. Interference of the neighbouring group participation was also apparent in another 17β-acetoxy derivative - in oxidation of compound 12 to 13 . Compound 4 was converted into water-soluble derivatives, i.e. quaternary ammonium derivatives 17 to 20 .
Records of the Turnpike Trusts (1942)

Journal Article Records of the Turnpike Trusts Get access Alan B. Anderson Alan B. Anderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 183, Issue 1, 4 July 1942, Pages 21–22, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/183.1.21 Published: 04 July 1942
Synthesis and Activity of Novel 1-Halogenobenzylindole Linked Triazole Derivatives as Antifungal Agents (2011)

A variety of the title triazole derivatives (I) (33 examples), analogues of voriconazole, is synthesized and evaluated for antifungal activities.
WiMAX Overview and System Performance (2006)

In this paper, the performance of WiMax network with DL SIMO, DL MIMO and UL SIMO is analyzed via system simulations. Two data traffic models are considered, namely Web browsing (HTTP) and full buffer sessions, operating in multi path fading channels such as the ITU pedestrian-B and vehicular-A channels. The control channel coverage and reliability of WiMAX using realistic overhead is also analyzed in this paper.
Self-Association of 2',5'-linked deoxynucleotides: meta-DNA (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelf-Association of 2',5'-linked deoxynucleotides: meta-DNAHiromasa Hashimoto and Christopher SwitzerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 15, 6255–6256Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00041a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00041a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Oxidative Electrolyte Solvent Degradation in Lithium‐Ion Batteries: An In Situ Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry Investigation (1999)

Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) was used to study the electrochemical decomposition of organic carbonate electrolyte solutions at practical lithium metal oxide composite electrodes used in lithium-ion batteries. For propylene carbonate (PC), CO<sub>2</sub> evolution was detected at LiNiO<sub>2</sub>, LiCoO<sub>2</sub>, and LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite electrodes. The starting point of gas evolution was 4.2 V vs. Li/Li<sup>+</sup> at LiNiO<sub>2</sub>, whereas at LiCoO<sub>2</sub> and LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub> evolution was observed only above 4.8 V vs. Li/Li<sup>+</sup>. In addition, various other volatile electrolyte decomposition products of PC were detected when using LiCoO<sub>2</sub>, LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and carbon black electrodes. In ethylene carbonate/dimethylcarbonate, CO<sub>2</sub> evolution was detected only at LiNiO<sub>2</sub> electrodes, again starting at about 4.2 V vs. Li/Li<sup>+</sup>.
An active transversal filter MMIC for very high speed lightwave systems (2002)

An equalizer using cascode MESFETs in a distributed structure has been designed for pulse shaping data in high speed lightwave systems. Pulse shaping is accomplished by controlling the gain of each individual cascode stage separately in the distributed circuit. The circuit was fabricated in a microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) implementation using Nortel's 0.8 /spl mu/m GaAs MESFET technology. Frequency response measurements demonstrate that the bandwidth can be controlled up to 8 GHz. Eye pattern measurements demonstrate the ability to control the pulse shape at 5 Gb/s.
Effective use of the periphery in game displays (2007)

The human eye can perceive visual information with high acuity within a narrow foveal view; outside the foveal view (in the periphery), vision has progressively less resolution, and ability to perceive colour is reduced. In this paper, we argue that game displays can be improved by accounting for the part of the visual field in which information is displayed. We present two games in which information is visually encoded for presentation in the periphery. We conclude that the use of peripheral displays may be an interesting way of improving the challenge and entertainment of games involving rich informational displays.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection — ICSI (1994)

For more than a decade in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been successful in the treatment of couples with long-standing infertility due to various aetiologies such as tubal disease, male-factor infertility, unexplained infertility and endometriosis. The usual fertilization rate in IVF for nonmale infertility cases is 60–70% of the inseminated cumulus-oocyte complexes and in andrological infertility it is only 20–30%. The lower the number of normally fertilized oocytes, the less chance there is of available embryos, so that patients may have no embryos to transfer. It has been the experience of all centres for reproductive medicine, including our own, that a certain number of couples with male-factor infertility cannot be helped by standard IVF treatment. After insemination with progressively motile spermatozoa the number of two-pronuclear oocytes was either zero or less than 5%. Furthermore, a sizeable number of couples cannot be accepted for IVF if the number of progressively motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate is below a certain threshold number such as 500 000. In the past five years, assisted fertilization procedures have been developed to circumvent the barriers that prevent sperm access to the ooplasma, namely the zona pellucida and the ooplasmic membrane. Pregnancies and births have been reported after partial zona dissection (PZD) and subzonal insemination (SUZI). The success rate of PZD and SUZI has remained moderate: the normal fertilization rate (two-pronuclear oocytes) has never exceeded 20–25% of the micromanipulated oocytes; only two-thirds of the patients have had embryo transfers of, usually, a low number of embryos, resulting in a reduced pregnancy and take-home baby rate.
The economics of guardband placement (2002)

This paper investigates the guardbanding technique used with production test equipment. The consequences of guardband size and tester inaccuracy on the profit per unit produced are analyzed. The Taguchi loss function is used to model the effect of customer dissatisfaction when a product strays from its intended target. This loss function is integrated with product profitability and the variables of the test process. Sample computations are reported relating profits to the process capability index C/sub pk/ and to tester measurement error. The results show examples of when guardbands are beneficial, and how much benefit they provide.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Isolation and Characterization of a Cone Snail Protease with Homology to CRISP Proteins of the Pathogenesis-related Protein Superfamily (2003)

The pathogenesis-related (PR) protein superfamily is widely distributed in the animal, plant, and fungal kingdoms and is implicated in human brain tumor growth and plant pathogenesis. The precise biological activity of PR proteins, however, has remained elusive. Here we report the characterization, cloning and structural homology modeling of Tex31 from the venom duct of Conus textile. Tex31 was isolated to >95% purity by activity-guided fractionation using a para-nitroanilide substrate based on the putative cleavage site residues found in the propeptide precursor of conotoxin TxVIA. Tex31 requires four residues including a leucine N-terminal of the cleavage site for efficient substrate processing. The sequence of Tex31 was determined using two degenerate PCR primers designed from N-terminal and tryptic digest Edman sequences. A BLAST search revealed that Tex31 was a member of the PR protein superfamily and most closely related to the CRISP family of mammalian proteins that have a cysteine-rich C-terminal tail. A homology model constructed from two PR proteins revealed that the likely catalytic residues in Tex31 fall within a structurally conserved domain found in PR proteins. Thus, it is possible that other PR proteins may also be substrate-specific proteases.
Flexible soccer video summarization in compressed domain (2013)

Due to vast amount of archived video content around the world, flexible and efficient soccer video summarization systems are required. In this paper, we present an efficient yet accurate framework for soccer video summarization in encoded MPEG videos. A novel logo transition detection method based on spatio-temporal template is proposed. Semantic features along with replays and audio activity are exploited for summary generation based on user defined parameters and rank based video summarization scheme. We conducted objective and subjective evaluations on ten hours of broadcast soccer videos. Rank correlation measures are used for objective video summary evaluation. Our system achieved satisfactory accuracy and speed of nearly two times faster than real-time.
Vibration Reduction Ability of Polymers, Particularly Polymethylmethacrylate and Polytetrafluoroethylene (2001)

The vibration reduction ability of thermoplastics (PMMA, PTFE, PA-66 and acetal) and of a thermoset (epoxy) was compared by dynamic flexural testing at ≤ 1.0 Hz. Among these polymers, PMMA exhibited the highest loss modulus, while PTFE exhibited the highest loss tangent. A synthetic rubber had an exceptionally low loss modulus, but an exceptionally high loss tangent. Epoxy and acetal exhibited the lowest loss tangent.