gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temporal error concealment using motionfield interpolation (1999)

Temporal error concealment using motion field interpolation An error concealment algorithm based on motion field interpolation is presented. For each pixel in a damaged block, the algorithm recovers a motion vector using bilinear interpolation of neighbouring motion vectors. This vector is then used to conceal the damaged pixel. Overlapped motion compensation is used to combine this algorithm with a boundary matching error concealment algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithms.
Towards high performance graphene nanoribbon transistors (GNR-FETs) (2015)

We fabricated trilayer graphene nanoribbon (GNR) Field Effect Transistors (FETs) by means of mechanical exfoliation method and investigate the characteristics of the device. The device shows ambipolar operation with a good Ohmic contact between the graphene and electrodes. Arrhenius plots of temperature dependence of conductance are consistence with thermal activated conduction above 273 K, and variable range hopping conduction at low temperature. GNR charge carrier provides high electron mobility of 6198 cm2V−1s−1 at 273 K, and lower activation energy of 0.592 meV. This device possesses high performance and requires ultra-low power compare to other reported graphene-based transistors.
Divergent Synthesis of Aeruginosins Based on a C(sp<sup>3</sup>)H Activation Strategy (2015)

A general and scalable access to the aeruginosin family of marine natural products, exhibiting potent inhibitory activity against serine proteases, is reported. This was enabled by the strategic use of two recently implemented Pd-catalyzed C(sp(3))-H activation reactions. The first method allowed us to obtain the common 2-carboxy-6-hydroxyoctahydroindole (Choi) core of the target molecules on a large scale, whereas the second method provided a rapid and divergent access to various hydroxyphenyllactic (Hpla) subunits, including halogenated ones. This unique strategy, together with an optimization of the fragment coupling sequence allowed the synthesis of four aeruginosins, that is, 98A-C and 298A from the chiral pool. Among them, aeruginosin 298A was synthesized on an unprecedentedly large scale. In addition, halogenated aeruginosins 98A and 98C were synthesized for the first time, thanks to a fine-tuning of the final hydrogenation step.
Surface acoustic wave band gaps in micro-machined air/silicon phononic structures — theoretical calculation and experiment (2005)

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the band gaps of micro-machined air/silicon phononic structures both theoretically and experimentally. Based on the plane wave expansion method, dispersion relations of the surface and bulk modes with square lattices in air/silicon two-dimensional phononic structures are calculated and discussed. Band gap widths due to the filling fraction and temperature variation are also analyzed. On the experimental side, generation and reception of high frequency surface acoustic wave in this band structure are realized by a pair of interdigital transducers (IDT) with frequency around 200 MHz. Details of the fabricating process of the phononic structure and the high frequency surface wave generating and receiving IDTs are given. The results demonstrate clearly the existence of SAW band gap in the micro-machined phononic structure and this study may serve as a basis for studying the band gap of SAW in micro-machined phononic structure with the dimension in the order of micrometer and find applications in the RF SAW devices.
Topical Mitomycin Application After Laryngotracheal Reconstruction (2001)

We cannot reject the null hypothesis that a single topical dose of mitomycin exerts an equal benefit as does isotonic sodium chloride when applied to the pediatric airway after laryngotracheal reconstruction.
Three-dimensional confocal thermal imaging using anti-Stokes luminescence (2005)

High-resolution thermal images of dye-stained live cells are obtained using confocal anti-Stokes luminescence on a confocal laser scanning microscope. Stokes and anti-Stokes fluorescence signal ratio imaging, using dual laser excitation with a fast alternate line scan, is used to monitor dynamical temperature changes at submicrometer resolution. Temperature mapping of a dye-doped polymer film with local heating is shown as an example. Three-dimensional mapping of local temperature changes in living cells induced by an external laser as the heating source, is obtained with temperature resolution better than 0.5 K.
Recycling in pipelined query evaluation (2013)

Database systems typically execute queries in isolation. Sharing recurring intermediate and final results between successive query invocations is ignored or only exploited by caching final query results. The DBA is kept in the loop to make explicit sharing decisions by identifying and/or defining materialized views. Thus decisions are made only after a long time and sharing opportunities may be missed. Recycling intermediate results has been proposed as a method to make database query engines profit from opportunities to reuse fine-grained partial query results, that is fully autonomous and is able to continuously adapt to changes in the workload. The technique was recently revisited in the context of MonetDB, a system that by default materializes all intermediate results. Materializing intermediate results can consume significant system resources, therefore most other database systems avoid this where possible, following a pipelined query architecture instead. The novelty of this paper is to show how recycling can successfully be applied in pipelined query executors, by tracking the benefit of materializing possible intermediate results and then choosing the ones making best use of a limited intermediate result cache. We present ways to maximize the potential of recycling by leveraging subsumption and proactive query rewriting. We have implemented our approach in the Vectorwise database engine and have experimentally evaluated its potential using both synthetic and real-world datasets. Our results show that intermediate result recycling significantly improves performance.
Caveola--vesicle complexes in the plasmalemma of erythrocytes infected by Plasmodium vivax and P cynomolgi. Unique structures related to Schüffner's dots. (1975)

Erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium vivax and P cynomolgi, characterized by Schüffner's dots on Giemsa-stained thin films, were studied by electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry. A caveola-vesicle complex, which consisted of a caveola surrounded by vesicles, in an alveolar fashion, formed along the erythrocyte plasmalemma. Horseradish-peroxidase-labeled immunoglobulin from a monkey infected with P vivax bound to the vesicle membrane. Cationized ferritin appeared within the vesicles after incubation with viable parasitized erythrocytes, suggesting that these vesicles were pinocytotic in origin. This caveola-vesicle complex probably corresponds to Schüffner's dots because the alteration is unique to vivax- and ovale-type malarias, and its size and distribution are consistent with Schüffner's dots. Clefts observed within the cytoplasm of infected erythrocytes are present in all malarias and are unlikely candidates for Schüffner's data.
Study on Improving Output Current Waveform of Photovoltaic Grid-Connected System (2006)

Residential photovoltaic grid-connected systems are distributed power generation devices that convert the dc energy from the solar arrays to high-quality ac power at the utility grid interface. In this paper, the strategy, which based on repetitive control and feedforward control of utility grid, is applied to improve the output current waveform. First, it is shown that the commonly used photovoltaic grid-connected inverter topology, based on the SPWM modulated full-bridge converter. Then, the operational principle of system is analyzed, and the repetitive control is presented. Finally, the validity of the proposed strategy and its effect on the improvement of the quality of the output current waveform are verified through simulation and experiment
Effect of verapamil on malignant tissue blood flow in SMT-2A tumor-bearing rats. (1982)

We investigated the influence of the calcium antagonist verapamil on malignant and normal tissue blood flow using 25-micrometer 113Sn-labeled microspheres. Isogeneic Wistar-Furth rats were inoculated with a metastasizing mammary gland adenocarcinoma (SMT-2A) in the hindlimb musculature and mammary gland. Verapamil was administered as an i.v. bolus via an external jugular vein catheter followed by a supplemental constant infusion with a Harvard infusion pump. Plasma verapamil levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and heart rate and systemic blood pressure were monitored. Verapamil in concentrations of 100 to 200 ng/ml resulted in an approximate 50% increase in tumor blood flow compared to control levels (p less than 0.001) regardless of the site of tumor implantation. These levels were not associated with a significant alteration in arterial blood pressure. These data suggest that verapamil in concentrations currently used in humans may provide a means of improving the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to solid neoplasms and may also enhance the effectiveness of ionizing radiation treatment by increasing tumor oxygenation.
Additive Manufacturing for Superalloys - Producibility and Cost Validation (Preprint) (2011)

Neuronal interleukin 16 (NIL-16) is the larger neural-specific splice variant of the interleukin-16 (IL16) gene and shows restricted expression to post-mitotic neurons of the mammalian hippocampus and cerebellum. Although the N-terminus of NIL-16 is unique to the neuronal variant, the C-terminus is identical to pro-IL-16, the IL-16 precursor expressed primarily in T-cells. IL-16 was originally described as a proinflammatory cytokine and has diverse immunoregulatory effects which involve signaling through CD4. NIL-16-expressing neurons can secrete IL-16 and may express CD4; moreover, treatment of cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGCs) with IL-16 increases the expression of c-Fos, an immediate-early gene which transcriptionally regulates genes directing survival, proliferation, and growth. Taken together, we hypothesize that IL-16 functions as a neuroregulatory cytokine which signals through neuronal CD4 receptors. In this study, we investigated the role of CD4 in IL-16-induced c-Fos expression in CGCs, as well as the effects of IL-16 on neuronal survival and growth. We detected components involved in IL-16-signaling in lymphocytes, including CD4 and the associated tyrosine kinase p56(lck), in CGCs using qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. We also show that IL-16 induces c-Fos expression in wild-type CGCs, but not CD4-deficient CGCs or following inhibition of p56(lck). Finally, treatment of CGCs with IL-16 enhanced neurite outgrowth, an effect also observed in CD4-deficient CGCs. Taken together, our results indicate that IL-16-signaling affects neuronal gene expression and growth through CD4-dependent and independent pathways.
Enhanced higher-harmonic imaging in tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (2005)

Higher-harmonics generation in a tapping-mode atomic force microscope is a consequence of the nonlinear tip-sample interaction force. The higher harmonics contain important information about the materials’ nanomechanical properties. These harmonics can be significantly enhanced by driving the cantilever close to a submultiple of its resonant frequency. We present the results of enhanced higher-harmonic imaging experiments on several samples. The results indicate that enhanced higher harmonics can be utilized effectively for both material characterization and surface roughness analysis with a high signal-to-noise ratio.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New 2-(4,5-Dihydro-1<i>H</i>-imidazol-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2<i>H</i>-1,4-benzoxazine Derivatives (2003)

2-(4,5-Dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine derivatives and tricyclic analogues with a fused additional ring on the nitrogen atom of the benzoxazine moiety have been prepared and evaluated for their cardiovascular effects as potential antihypertensive agents. The imidazoline ring was generated by reaction of the corresponding ethyl ester with ethylenediamine. Affinities for imidazoline binding sites (IBS) I(1) and I(2) and alpha(1) and alpha(2) adrenergic receptors were evaluated as well as the effects on mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of spontaneously hypertensive rats. With few exceptions the most active compounds on MAP were those with high affinities for IBS and alpha(2) receptor. Among these, compound 4h was the most interesting and is now, together with its enantiomers, under complementary pharmacological evaluation.
Debugging Mobile Agent Systems (2013)

A mobile agent is an autonomous software module that can migrate between different computers. A mobile agent is designed and implemented like a human, and mobile agents work together by interactions among them like a human community. Thus, a mobile agent technology is helpful when we develop distributed systems with an easy-to-understand design and implementations for humans. Many researchers have proposed various applications through mobile agent technologies. However, mobile agent technologies are not used much as compared to other networking or programming technologies in the real world because migrations of mobile agents make it difficult to debug the system. This paper discusses problems of mobile agents for debugging, and proposes a remote debugger in order to solve these problems. Our proposed remote debugger supports functions of searching, single stepping execution, breaking, and viewing variables for a mobile agent who behaves with migrations on a running system.
Fabry–Perot resonator composed of a photoinduced birefringent fiber grating (1994)

The periodic mode coupling between the x- and y-polarization modes that is induced by a photoinduced birefringent fiber grating is analyzed through the use of the coupled-mode theory. A novel Fabry-Perot resonator composed of a photoinduced birefringent fiber grating is proposed and theoretically investigated. In the ideal case, the x- and y-polarization resonances of the resonator coincide with each other because of the polarization power exchange by the photoinduced birefringent grating, which results in the total resonator output's being polarization independent. However, if there are some external perturbations (e.g., temperature change or strain), the phase matching is detuned, which could destroy the coincidence between the two polarization resonances, which can further result in the total output resonance's having two peaks. The separation between these two resonant peaks depends on perturbations of the environment (temperature changes or strain).
Evolutionary Computation: Towards a New Philosophy of Machine Intelligence (1995)

From the Publisher:
In this revised and significantly expanded second edition, distinguished scientist David B. Fogel presents the latest advances in both the theory and practice of evolutionary computation to help you keep pace with developments in this fast-changing field.. In-depth and updated, Computation shows you how to use simulated evolution to achieve machine intelligence. You will gain current insights into the history of evolutionary computation and the newest theories shaping research. Fogel carefully reviews the no free lunch theorem and discusses new theoretical findings that challenge some of the mathematical foundations of simulated evolution. This second edition also presents the latest game-playing techniques that combine evolutionary algorithms with neural networks, including their success in playing competitive checkers. Chapter by chapter, this comprehensive book highlights the relationship between learning and intelligence.. Evolutionary Computation features an unparalleled integration of history with state-of-the-art theory and practice for engineers, professors, and graduate students of evolutionary computation and computer science who need to keep up-to-date in this developing field.
Non-exhaustive, Overlapping <i>k</i>-means (2015)

Traditional clustering algorithms, such as k-means, output a clustering that is disjoint and exhaustive, that is, every single data point is assigned to exactly one cluster. However, in real datasets, clusters can overlap and there are often outliers that do not belong to any cluster. This is a well recognized problem that has received much attention in the past, and several algorithms, such as fuzzy k-means have been proposed for overlapping clustering. However, most existing algorithms address either overlap or outlier detection and do not tackle the problem in a unified way. In this paper, we propose a simple and intuitive objective function that captures the issues of overlap and non-exhaustiveness in a unified manner. Our objective function can be viewed as a reformulation of the traditional k-means objective, with easy-to-understand parameters that capture the degrees of overlap and non-exhaustiveness. By studying the objective, we are able to obtain a simple iterative algorithm which we call NEO-K-Means (Non-Exhaustive Overlapping K-Means). Furthermore, by considering an extension to weighted kernel k-means, we can tackle the case of non-exhaustive and overlapping graph clustering. This extension allows us to apply our NEO-K-Means algorithm to the community detection problem, which is an important task in network analysis. Our experimental results show that the new objective and algorithm are effective in finding ground-truth clusterings that have varied overlap and non-exhaustiveness; for the case of graphs, we show that our algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art overlapping community detection methods.
Ambipolar charge transport in polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunctions for different polymer side-chains (2012)

We use field-effect transistors to investigate electron and hole mobilities in polymer:fullerene blends. Low-band-gap polymers with a common conjugated backbone and differing side-chains are utilized in order to clarify the link between the side-chain molecular structure and grafting position, and the power-conversion efficiency of related bulk heterojunction solar cells. The results show that, at a fixed polymer:fullerene weight ratio, the electron mobility increases by more than four orders of magnitude when changing from linear to branched side-chains. As a consequence, the photovoltaic performances are highest at low fullerene contents for branched chains while the opposite is true for linear chains.
MILD system: Maskless implantation for local doping (2012)

SEN Corporation has developed a very flexible dose pattern modulation system called “MIND+”. This system can be used for yield enhancement by compensating for variation induced by other processes. In this paper, another important feature of SEN’s single-wafer implanters is introduced. The system is called the “MILD” system, standing for “Maskless Implantation for Local Doping.” MILD provides the capability to implant dopants at any positions on a wafer without hard masks or photo-resist patterns. In this paper, MILD system operation and results will be described.
Random Projection with Robust Linear Discriminant Analysis Model in Face Recognition (2007)

This paper presents a face recognition technique with two techniques: random projection (RP) and robust linear discriminant analysis model (RDM). RDM is an enhanced version of fisher's linear discriminant with energy-adaptive regularization criteria. It is able to yield better discrimination performance. Same as Fisher's Linear Discriminant, it also faces the singularity problem of within-class scatter. Thus, a dimensionality reduction technique, such as principal component analysis (PCA), is needed to deal with this problem. In this paper, RP is used as an alternative to PCA in RDM in the application of face recognition. Unlike PCA, RP is training data independent and the random subspace computation is relatively simple. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed algorithm is able to attain better recognition performance (error rate is approximately 5% lower) compared to Fisherfaces.
<i>Coenogonium</i>: A Green Algal Lichen Without Photosynthetic Depression at High Water Contents (1996)

Abstract For experiments run at 350 ppm CO 2 , the subtropical lichen Coenogonium does not exhibit net photosynthetic depression at water contents above those at which initial maximal values are reached. This is in contrast to most lichens for which such a depression occurs. We infer that the results reflect the unusual morphology of Coenogomum , in which the alga is the dominant symbiont, occurring as filaments at the lichen surface. This arrangement should minimize CO 2 diffusion resistance to the algal surface. With light saturation occurring by 70 μmol photons m −2 s −1 , Coenogoniium has one of the lowest light saturation values reported among lichens.
Saving Women's Lives: Strategies for Improving Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis (2004)

The outlook for women with breast cancer has improved in recent years. Due to the combination of improved treatments and the benefits of mammography screening, breast cancer mortality has decreased steadily since 1989. Yet breast cancer remains a major problem, second only to lung cancer as a leading cause of death from cancer for women. To date, no means to prevent breast cancer has been discovered and experience has shown that treatments are most effective when a cancer is detected early, before it has spread to other tissues. These two facts suggest that the most effective way to continue reducing the death toll from breast cancer is improved early detection and diagnosis. Building on the 2001 report Mammography and Beyond, this new book not only examines ways to improve implementation and use of new and current breast cancer detection technologies but also evaluates the need to develop tools that identify women who would benefit most from early detection screening. Saving Womena (TM)s Lives: Strategies for Improving Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis encourages more research that integrates the development, validation, and analysis of the types of technologies in clinical practice that promote improved risk identification techniques. In this way, methods and technologies that improve detection and diagnosis can be more effectively developed and implemented.
Multiple evolutionary origin of pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate‐dependent amino acid decarboxylases (1994)

Comparison of the amino acid sequences of nine different pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent amino acid decarboxylases indicated that they can be subdivided into four different groups that seem to be evolutionarily unrelated to each other. Group I is represented by glycine decarboxylase, a component of a multienzyme system; group II comprises glutamate, histidine, tyrosine, and aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylases; group III, procaryotic ornithine and lysine decarboxylase as well as the procaryotic biodegradative type of arginine decarboxylase; group IV, eucaryotic ornithine and arginine decarboxylase as well as the procaryotic biosynthetic type of arginine decarboxylase and diaminopimelate decarboxylase. (N-1) profile analysis, a more stringent application of profile analysis, established the homology among the enzymes of each group. A search with the profile of group II indicated a distant relationship with aminotransferases and thus with the alpha family of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes. No evidence was obtained that groups I, III and IV were related with other pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes or any other protein in the database. Unlike the aminotransferases, which, with few possible exceptions, constitute a single group of homologous proteins, the amino acid decarboxylases, by the criterion of profile analysis, have evolved along multiple lineages, in some cases even if they have the same substrate specificity.