gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
X-ray metrology for quality assurance (2002)

There is considerable current interest in deriving accurate dimensional measurements of the internal geometry of complex manufactured parts, particularly castings. This paper describes an approach to the reconstruction of 3D part geometry from multiple digital X-ray images. A novel method for radiographic stereo is described which takes into account the special imaging geometry of the digital X-ray sensor modeled by a linear moving array, or pushbroom, camera. The 3D reconstruction algorithm employs a nominal geometric model which is perturbed by X-ray image constraints. Manufacturing applications are discussed and illustrated by experimental results on synthetic phantoms and actual casting images.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
First-in-Man Transcervical Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Using the CoreVista System (2016)

Transcervical SAVR with sutureless valve is feasible using this novel access system. The new approach has potential to offer patients substantially shorter stay and fewer, less serious complications, as has been observed in transcervical thymectomy. Further studies are merited.
A user interface for Home Net (1994)

This paper describes a user interface for networks in the home. The main idea is to develop a user interface with high acceptance by the user and flexibility. This user interface is based on a network we call Home-Net but can obviously be employed with any other Home System like the European ESPRIT Home System, the American Consumer Electronics Bus (CEBus) and the Japanese Home Bus System (HBS).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The different effects of a Gln27Glu β<sub>2</sub>‐adrenoceptor gene polymorphism on obesity in males and in females (1999)

A positive association between obesity and the Glu27 genetic variant in the beta 2-adrenoceptor exists in females, whereas in males there is a negative correlation between Glu27 and obesity. The findings suggest that different genetic factors contribute to obesity in males and females.
Dissociation of ICl−(CO2)n by its impact on silicon surface: The role of core ion (1999)

Collisional dissociation induced by impact of a cluster anion, ICl−(CO2)n (n=0–20), onto a silicon surface was studied by measuring the branching fractions of the ICl− dissociation and the translational energies of the product anions as functions of n and the collision energy (per ICl− of ICl−(CO2)n in an apparatus based on a tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer. It was found that the branching fraction of the ICl− dissociation did not change with n at the collision energies of 30–70 eV. Molecular dynamics simulation showed that the impinging core ion, ICl−, tends to orient with the molecular axis of the core ion being at the angle of 55° with respect to the surface normal, whereas in the X2−(CO2)n (X=Br, I) collision, the molecular axis of the X2− core ion being in parallel to the surface plane. This finding together with prominent wedge effect in the X2−(CO2)n collision leads us to conclude that the CO2 molecules do not work as a “wedge” in the ICl−(CO2)n collision because of the unfavorable orientation of the incoming cluster anion. No discernible cage effect could also be related to the orientation. The translational energies of the product anions were interpreted in terms of energy redistribution of the collision energy among the degrees of freedom of the cluster anion and the surface atoms involved in the collision. It was also found that the I and Cl product ions reach quasiequilibrium with the surface by measuring these translational energy distributions.
Bell-Type Test of Energy-Time Entangled Qutrits (2004)

We have performed a Bell-type test for energy-time entangled qutrits. A method of inferring the Bell violation in terms of an associated interference visibility is derived. Using this scheme we obtained a Bell value of $2.784\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.023$, representing a violation of $34\ensuremath{\sigma}$ above the limit for local variables. The scheme has been developed for use at telecom wavelengths and using proven long distance quantum communication architecture to optimize the utility of this high dimensional entanglement resource.
Einführung (1986)

In diesem einführenden Abschnitt werden alle für die Handhabung der nachfolgend angegebenen finanzmathematischen Programme benötigten Eigenschaften und Bedienungserfordernisse des programmierbaren Taschenrechners HP 41C/CV/CX dargestellt. Dabei wird vorausgesetzt, daß der Benutzer sich über das Studium einschlägiger Bedienungshandbücher und der notwendigen praktischen Einübung an Hand von Beispielen bereits weitgehend mit den Möglichkeiten des Rechners vertraut gemacht hat [1,2,3].
Fine-tune lens-heating-induced focus drift with different process and illumination settings (2001)

This study is to establish the relationship of lens heating (LH) performance with related process variables and develop the methodology for reducing LH induced focus drift for different products based on ASML LH algorithms and experiment data. Focus drift data is collected at certain LH machine constants for different process settings, such as different clear window images (CLW) in stepper jobs, different exposure doses, reticle transmission rates, and substrates. The further study is done at different illumination settings to establish the correlation between NA/sigma settings, focus drift and LH scaling factors ((mu) <SUB>1</SUB> (mu) <SUB>2</SUB>). The characteristic (mu) <SUB>1</SUB>, (mu) <SUB>2</SUB> -- NA/Ill relationship for this i-line stepper is generated using production batches. LH machine constants are fine-tuned based on the Poly layer for 0.30 micrometer Logic Mix-mode, 0.30 micrometer SRAM and 0.35 micrometer Embedded SRAM products. This work provides an accurate and practical way to fine-tune LH for all the i-line/DUV steppers based on the critical layer of representative products in a foundry fab.
Corona suppression by a semiconductor coating in high voltage insulation systems (1983)

Corona is initiated in high-stress regions and thus it can be suppressed by applying a semiconductor coating on the surface to relieve localized high stresses in those regions. Our investigation shows that silicon carbide has an excellent non-linear current field (I-E) characteristic and it is therefore a very good semiconductor-coating material for effective corona suppression. Theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that for semiconductor materials with constant resistivity the optimal value of the surface resistivity ρ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> is around 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> Ω per square for effective corona suppression, while for semiconductor materials with a non-linear I-E characteristic such as SiC, the optimal criterion is that ρ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</inf> must be higher and the slope dρ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> /dE smaller at near zero field. Discussion on the choice of ρ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> -E characteristic for corona suppression for various power apparatus is given.
Synthesis of Polyacrylic Acid Stabilized Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles and Their Application for Removal of Toxic Heavy Metal Ions in Water (2010)

We report an efficient method for synthesis of poly(acrylic acid) stabilized amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles (ACC) and their application for removal of toxic heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The maxium removal capacities for Cd2+, Pb2+, Cr3+, Fe3+, and Ni2+ ions were found to be 514.62 mg g−1, 1028.21, 258.85, 320.5, and 537.2 mg g−1, respectively. The distinguishing features of the ACC nanoparticles in water treatment involve not only high removal capacities, but also decontamination of trace ions. Approximately 83.0% on average removal can be achieved in the treatment of polluted water containing trace amount of radioactive Eu3+ ions. A precipitation transformation mechanism is proposed to play a key role in such water treatment.
Seamless Macro-Cell Anchored Radio Transmission for Enhanced Downlink Performance in Heterogeneous Networks (2011)

Heterogeneous networks comprising overlapping layers of macro cells and small cells are expected to be widely deployed to cope with the rapidly increasing demand for wireless bandwidth. While judicious resource sharing and interference management mechanisms allow these networks to provide adequate performance for static or pedestrian users, they often fail to meet the needs of highly mobile users. In this paper, we propose a cooperative data transmission scheme called "Seamless Macro-Cell-Anchored Radio Transmission" that enables even highly mobile users to experience performance levels similar to those enjoyed by static users. The performance improvements effected by this scheme occur mainly at low percentiles; in that sense it can be said to deliver sustained end-user experience even to highly mobile users. Further improvement in edge performance is possible with the use of rate thresholds in conjunction with the proposed scheme.
A Survey of Medical Image Registration on Multicore and the GPU (2010)

In this article, we look at early, recent, and state-of-the-art methods for registration of medical images using a range of high-performance computing (HPC) architectures including symmetric multiprocessing (SMP), massively multiprocessing (MMP), and architectures with distributed memory (DM), and nonuniform memory access (NUMA). The article is designed to be self-sufficient. We will take the time to define and describe concepts of interest, albeit briefly, in the context of image registration and HPC. We provide an overview of the registration problem and its main components in the section "Registration." Our main focus will be HPC-related aspects, and we will highlight relevant issues as we explore the problem domain. This approach presents a fresh angle on the subject than previously investigated by the more general and classic reviews in the literature [1]-[3]. The sections "Multi-CPU Implementations" and "Accelerator Implementations" are organized from the perspective of high-performance and parallel- computing with the registration problem embodied. This is meant to equip the reader with the knowledge to map a registration problem to a given computing architecture.
Preparation of Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-<i>e</i><i>ndo</i>,7-<i>e</i><i>ndo</i>-diols:  1,3-Diols with a Chiral Rigid Backbone (2004)

The easily available bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-ones (1a-f) have been converted into the corresponding bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-endo,7-endo-diols (4a-f) in an efficient and stereoselective fashion. This preparation opens a route to a family of 1,3-diols with a chiral rigid backbone, potentially suitable as nonracemic precursors for bidentate ligands in asymmetric synthesis.
The Role of Quinolones in Abdominal Surgery (2000)

The quinolone antibiotics have been a major advance for the treatment of various types of infections. These agents have generally good safety profiles, broad-spectrum activity, and favorable pharmacokinetics. In addition, several of these antibiotics are available in both intravenous and oral formulations, which allows for sequential therapy resulting in potential cost savings. However, patients can develop serious central nervous system side effects (seizures) and phototoxicity. In addition, the bioavailability of agents in this class can be reduced by coadministration with cations, such as magnesium, aluminum, calcium, and iron, which may make bioavailability unpredictable in patients. Although older quinolones such as ciprofloxacin were effective as prophylactic agents for biliary procedures and colorectal surgery and for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections, the use of these older quinolones was limited by the development of resistant organisms. In addition, because these agents had poor activity against anaerobes such as Bacteroides fragilis, the agents had to be combined with an antianaerobic agent, such as metronidazole, when anaerobic coverage was required. Recently, a new quinolone, trovafloxacin, has become available. Trovafloxacin has demonstrated increased activity against anaerobes in animal and human studies. However, the clinical profile of trovafloxacin for abdominal infections has not been fully demonstrated, and there is some concern that its activity against aerobic gram-negative bacilli, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, may not equal that of ciprofloxacin. Moreover, the safety profile of trovafloxacin is disadvantageous owing to reports of severe hepatic toxicity.
Association of pretreatment serum interferon γ inducible protein 10 levels with sustained virological response to peginterferon plus ribavirin therapy in genotype 1 infected patients with chronic hepatitis C (2005)

Pretreatment serum IP-10 behaves as a predictive factor of SVR to peginterferon plus ribavirin therapy in genotype 1 infected patients.
Structural Characterization of the O-antigenic Polysaccharide of the Lipopolysaccharide from Rhizobium etli Strain CE3 (2000)

The O-antigenic polysaccharide of the Rhizobium etli CE3 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was structurally characterized using chemical degradations (Smith degradation and beta-elimination of uronosyl residues) in combination with alkylation analysis, electrospray, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, and (1)H COSY and TOCSY nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses of the native polysaccharide and the derived oligosaccharides. The polysaccharide was found to be a unique, relatively low molecular weight glycan having a fairly discrete size, with surprisingly little variation in the number of repeating units (degree of polymerization = 5). The polysaccharide is O-acetylated and contains a variety of O-methylated glycosyl residues, rendering the native glycan somewhat hydrophobic. The molecular mass of the major de-O-acetylated species, including the reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residue, is 3330 Da. The polysaccharide is comprised of a trisaccharide repeating unit having the structure -->4)-alpha-d-GlcpA-(1-->4)-[alpha-3-O-Me-6-deoxy-Talp-(1--> 3)]-alpha -l-Fucp-(1-->. The nonreducing end of the glycan is terminated with the capping sequence alpha-2,3, 4-tri-O-Me-Fucp-(1-->4)-alpha-d-GlcpA-(1-->, and the reducing end of the molecule consists of the non-repeating sequence -->3)-alpha-l-Fucp-(1-->3)-beta-d-Manp-(1-->3)-beta-QuiNA cp-(1-->4)-a lpha-Kdop-(2-->, where QuiNAc is N-acetylquinovosamine (2-N-acetamido-2,6-dideoxyglucose). The reducing end Kdo residue links the O-chain polysaccharide to the core region oligosaccharide, resulting in a unique location for a Kdo residue in LPS, removed four residues distally from the lipid A moiety. Structural heterogeneity in the O-chain arises mainly from the O-acetyl and O-methyl substitution. Methylation analysis using trideuteriomethyl iodide indicates that a portion of the 2,3,4-tri-O-methylfucosyl capping residues, typically 15%, are replaced with 2-O-methyl- and/or 2,3-di-O-methylfucosyl residues. In addition, approximately 25% of the 3,4-linked branching fucosyl residues and 10% of the 3-linked fucosyl residues are 2-O-methylated. A majority of the glucuronosyl residues are methyl-esterified at C-6. These unique structural features may be significant in the infection process.
Matemática Aplicada en España: Presente y futuro (2004)

La intencion de este articulo no es hacer un estudio exhaustivo de la situacion del area de Matematica Aplicada en Espana, sino mas bien la de iniciar un necesario debate que contribuya a una mejor definicion de contenidos en el area y a una homologacion internacional. Las circunstancias para ello son las mejores en muchos anos; por una parte, la celebracion en Madrid del International Congress of Mathematicians en agosto de 2006 debe suponer una reflexion profunda sobre el tema . Por otra, los nuevos grados y masters que deben ponerse en marcha dentro del Espacio Europeo de Educacion Superior, junto con el desarrollo necesario del recien estrenado Programa Nacional de Matematicas hace imprescindible tal reflexion, si queremos afrontar los desafios de las matematicas espanolas en este comienzo de siglo, y muy en particular, en el ambito de la investigacion multidisciplinar y de su interaccion con otras ciencias y en el contexto tecnologico.
Analysis of the Legionella pneumophila fliI gene: intracellular growth of a defined mutant defective for flagellum biosynthesis (1997)

Using a PCR-based strategy and degenerate oligonucleotides, we isolated a Legionella pneumophila gene that showed high sequence similarity to members of the fliI gene family. An insertion mutation that disrupted the fliI open reading frame was recombined onto the L. pneumophila chromosome and analyzed for its effects on production of flagella and intracellular growth. The mutation resulted in loss of surface-localized flagellin protein but had no effect on the ability of the bacteria to grow within cultured cells. Therefore, in spite of the fact that some aflagellar mutations render L. pneumophila unable to grow within macrophages, the isolation of this defined mutant confirms that production of flagella is not required for intracellular growth.
Performance Optimization for Managing Massive Numbers of Small Files in Distributed File Systems (2014)

The processing of massive numbers of small files is a challenge in the design of distributed file systems. Currently, the combined-block-storage approach is prevalent. However, the approach employs the traditional file systems such as ExtFS and may cause inefficiency when accessing small files randomly located in the disk. This paper focuses on optimizing the performance of data servers in accessing massive numbers of small files. We present a Flat Lightweight File System (iFlatLFS) to manage small files, which is based on a simple metadata scheme and a flat storage architecture. iFlatLFS is designed to substitute the traditional file system on data servers and can be deployed underneath distributed file systems that store massive numbers of small files. iFlatLFS can greatly simplify the original data access procedure. The new metadata proposed in this paper occupies only a fraction of the metadata size based on traditional file systems. We have implemented iFlatLFS in CentOS 5.5 and integrated it into an open source Distributed File System (DFS), called Taobao FileSystem (TFS), which is developed by a top B2C service provider, Alibaba, in China and is managing over 28.6 billion small photos. We have conducted extensive experiments to verify the performance of iFlatLFS. The results show that when the file size ranges from 1 to 64 KB, iFlatLFS is faster than Ext4 by 48 and 54 percent on average for random read and write in the DFS environment, respectively. Moreover, after iFlatLFS is integrated into TFS, iFlatLFS-based TFS is faster than the existing Ext4-based TFS by 45 and 49 percent on average for random read access and hybrid access (the mix of read and write accesses), respectively.
Simultaneous Projector-Camera Self-Calibration for Three-Dimensional Reconstruction and Projection Mapping (2017)

Automatic calibration of structured-light systems, generally consisting of a projector and camera, is of great importance for a variety of practical applications. We propose a novel optimization approach for geometric calibration of a projector-camera system that estimates the intrinsic, extrinsic, and distortion parameters of both the camera and projector in an automatic fashion using structured light. Our approach benefits from a novel multifactor objective function that finds maximum-likelihood estimates from noisy point correspondences using constraints on focal lengths and resolves ambiguities estimating the fundamental matrix by enforcing epipolar geometry on the rectified noisy data. This new formulation allows estimation of all calibration parameters simultaneously and minimization is ensured by a greedy descent algorithm that decreases the cost function at each iteration. This provides more accurate parameter estimation, reconstruction accuracy, and robustness to noise and poor initialization compared to previous methods. Experimental results demonstrate the stability and robustness of our method, and show that the proposed solution outperforms a currently leading approach to an automatic geometric projector-camera calibration.
A Percolation Model of Thermal Conductivity for Filled Polymer Composites (2009)

In view of the shape and distribution of fillers, a model predicting the effective thermal conductivity of filled polymer composites is proposed on the basis of the percolation theory. Compared to other models proposed in the literatures, theoretical results obtained with the percolation model agree better with the experimental data. Methods of determining the percolation threshold V c and the exponent n in the percolation model are also discussed.
HSV-1-Induced SOCS-1 Expression in Keratinocytes: Use of a SOCS-1 Antagonist to Block a Novel Mechanism of Viral Immune Evasion (2009)

Keratinocytes are important for the acute phase of HSV-1 infection and subsequent persistence in sensory nervous tissue. In this study, we showed that keratinocytes (HEL-30) were refractory to IFN-gamma induction of an antiviral state to HSV-1 infection, while IFN-gamma did induce an antiviral state in fibroblasts (L929). This led us to examine the possible role of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) in this refractiveness. RT-PCR analysis of SOCS-1 mRNA expression in HSV-1-infected cells showed a 4-fold increase for keratinocytes while having a negligible effect on fibroblasts. A similar pattern was observed at the level of SOCS-1 protein induction. Activation of STAT1alpha in keratinocytes was inhibited by HSV-1 infection. A direct effect of HSV-1 on the SOCS-1 promoter was shown in a luciferase reporter gene assay. We have developed a small peptide antagonist of SOCS-1, pJAK2(1001-1013), that had both an antiviral effect in keratinocytes against HSV-1 as well as a synergistic effect on IFN-gamma induction of an antiviral state. HSV-1 ICP0 mutant was inhibited by IFN-gamma in HEL-30 cells and was less effective than wild-type virus in induction of SOCS-1 promoter. We conclude that SOCS-1 plays an important role in the inhibition of the antiviral effect of IFN-gamma in keratinocytes infected with HSV-1. The use of SOCS-1 antagonist to abrogate this refractiveness could have a transformational effect on therapy against viral infections.
Selective excitation of microring resonances using a pulley-coupling structure (2014)

We explore the selective excitation of resonances in microring resonators with a pulley-coupling structure. Due to the wavelength dispersion of coupling coefficient, only the resonances near critical coupling exhibit pronounced sharp notches in the transmission spectrum. Experimental results show that the resonance extinction ratio is a strong function of wavelength. Theoretical analysis further predicts that it is possible to highly suppress the neighboring resonances to effectively enlarge the free spectral range (FSR). With a proper design, the FSR can be increased by more than 1 order for a 10 μm radius microring resonator using the pulley-coupling structure.