gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward Cloud-Assisted Industrial IoT Platform for Large-Scale Continuous Condition Monitoring (2019)

Process industries cover a wide set of industries, in which the processes are controlled by a combination of distributed control systems (DCSs) and programmable logic controllers (PLCs). These control systems utilize various measurements such as pressure, flow, and temperature to determine the state of the process and then use field devices such as valves and other actuating devices to manipulate the process. Since there are many different types of field devices and since each device is calibrated to its specific installation, when monitoring devices, it is important to be able to transfer not only the device measurement and diagnostics but also characteristics about the device and the process in which it is installed. The current monitoring architecture, however, creates challenges for continuous monitoring and analysis of diagnostic data. In this paper, we present the design of an Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) system for supporting large-scale and continuous device condition monitoring and analysis in process control systems. The system design seamlessly integrates existing infrastructure [e.g., highway addressable remote transducer (HART) and WirelessHART networks, and DeltaV DCS] and newly developed hardware/software components (e.g., one-way data diode and IoT cellular architecture) together for control network data collection and streaming of the collected device diagnostic parameters to a private cloud to perform streaming data analytics designed for fault identification and prediction. A prototype system has been developed and supported by Emerson Automation Solutions and deployed in the field for design validation and long-term performance evaluation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever publicly reported effort on IoT system design for process automation applications. The design can be readily extended for condition monitoring and analysis of many other industrial facilities and processes.
Behavioral and biological effects of acute beta-endorphin injection in schizophrenic and depressed patients (1981)

In this double-blind study, beta-endorphin, 4-15 mg, was administered intravenously to 6 schizophrenic and 4 depressed patients. There were neither significant differences in behavioral ratings between beta-endorphin and placebo for the overall group nor for either the schizophrenic or depressed subgroup. Clinical worsening and improvement were observed in individual schizophrenic patients. There was no evidence of late-appearing therapeutic effects in 4 schizophrenic patients rated for 5 consecutive days after placebo and drug infusions. In 1 patient 10 mg of beta-endorphin produced neuroendocrine effects comparable to those produced by 5 mg of intravenously administered methadone; in 2 other patients it produced large increases in circulating opioid activity as determined by radioreceptor assay. These biological data support the notion that parenterally administered beta-endorphin exerts significant opiate-like activity in vivo.
The Escherichia coli Ras-like protein (Era) has GTPase activity and is essential for cell growth. (1988)

The era gene of Escherichia coli encodes a protein (Era) which is similar to the eucaryotic RAS family of proteins. We report here that purified Era possesses both GTP-binding and GTPase activities. Era is also shown to be loosely associated with the inner membrane of E. coli. Overproduction of Era to 5% of the total cellular protein does not apparently alter either cell growth or cAMP levels. Disruption of the era gene by insertional inactivation is shown to be lethal by construction of a conditional lethal era mutant strain.
Charging Strategy Studies for PHEV Batteries based on Power Loss Model (2010)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes a new method to increase the efficiency of the battery charging process, η, which is defined as the ratio of the energy accumulated in the battery over the actual energy supplied to it. Through several simulation results, it has been found that such efficiency is a function of the current profile applied to the battery during the charging process; hence, plots describing the energy loss in the battery, time taken to achieve a desired level of charge, and power needed as a function of the charging current, are shown. In order to find the optimal charging current profile, the mathematical model of the energy loss in the battery is developed and the problem of finding the optimal current profile is formulated as an Optimal Control problem. A model based on a Lithium-Ion Battery commercially available for PHEV is used as the plant to be controlled. The form of the Optimal Control problem posed resembles a classic one--with the peculiarity of being highly nonlinear and time varying. Finally, the solutions found are commented and the ease of implementation is considered.</div></div>
Corn Breeding: Mass Selection (2005)

Objectives and Introduction This is the fourth in a series of lessons specifically designed to instruct individuals without any formal training in genetics or statistics about the science of corn breeding. Individuals with formal training in genetics or statistics but without any training in plant breeding also may benefit from taking these lessons. Mass selection could be called appropriately the granddaddy of all plant selection methods because farmers of many different cultures have used it for centuries to improve many crops. Specifically, mass selection is a breeding method where the decision to select a plant as a parent of the next generation is based on the performance of that plant. In this lesson, advantages and disadvantages of mass selection will be discussed, using examples from corn breeding. Objectives At the completion of this lesson you will be able to list the key attributes of mass selection, discuss which type of traits are best suited to modification by mass selection, use the formula known as the breeders’ equation to predict the genetic gain that occurs from mass selection, define selection differential, discuss how the selection differential can be increased and what problems can arise from increasing the selection differential, and list four ways to minimize the amount of inbreeding that occurs during selection. Modules: Lesson home Corn Breeding: Mass Selection - Objectives and Introduction Introduction to Mass Selection Mass Selection for Grain Yield Expected Genetic Gain An Example Selection, A Continuous Process Increasing Selection Response Inbreeding and Selection Corn Breeding: Mass Selection - Summary and Definitions of Key Terms Further Reading
NOEMON: Design, implementation and performance results of an intelligent assistant for classifier selection (1999)

The selection of an appropriate classification model and algorithm is crucial for effective knowledge discovery on a dataset. For large databases, common in data mining, such a selection is necessary, because the cost of invoking all alternative classifiers is prohibitive. This selection task is impeded by two factors. First, there are many performance criteria, and the behaviour of a classifier varies considerably with them. Second, a classifier's performance is strongly affected by the characteristics of the dataset. Classifier selection implies mastering a lot of background information on the dataset, the models and the algorithms in question. An intelligent assistant can reduce this effort by inducing helpful suggestions from background information. In this study, we present such an assistant, NOEMON. For each registered classifier, NOEMON measures its performance for a collection of datasets. Rules are induced from those measurements and accommodated in a knowledge base. The suggestion on the most appropriate classifier(s) for a dataset is then based on those rules. Results on the performance of an initial prototype are also given.
Responsivity-Bandwidth Limit of Avalanche Photodiodes: Toward Future Ethernet Systems (2017)

Design of avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and their limiting factors on operating speed and responsivity are discussed with consideration of their application to optical receivers for optical-fiber communications systems. Each type of APD, with variable structures such as vertical illumination and waveguides, has inherent performance tradeoffs related to responsivity, carrier transit time, capacitance-resistance time constant, and avalanche build-up time. The key to designing APDs for application to optical-fiber communications systems is maximizing their responsivity and bandwidth according to the required bitrate and receiver sensitivity while taking into account their reliability. The design consideration and performance of our recent APDs targeting the 50-GBd operations are presented. Device structure, including geometry, epitaxial-layer configuration, and materials, is carefully chosen for the required bitrate and sensitivity. The proposed APD employs an inverted p-down configuration with a vertical-illumination structure. A thin InAlAs avalanche layer contributes to large gain-bandwidth product and a hybrid absorber combined with a triple-mesa inverted p-down structure enables maximum 3-dB bandwidth of 35 GHz and responsivity of 0.7 A/W. The proposed APD successfully demonstrated 50-GBd transmission over a 40-km single-mode fiber. In addition, some attempts to break the performance limits on traditionally used materials and structures for APDs are introduced.
Exceptional stability of the HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC molecule associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (1998)

HLA-DQ alleles are closely associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the immunologic mechanisms involved are not understood. Structural studies of the IDDM-susceptible allele, HLA-DQA1*0301/DQB1*0302, have classified it as a relatively unstable dimer, particularly at neutral pH. This is reminiscent of studies in the nonobese diabetic mouse, in which I-A(g7) is relatively unstable, in contrast to other murine I-A alleles, suggesting a correlation between unstable MHC class II molecules and IDDM susceptibility. We have addressed this question by analysis of dimer stability patterns among various HLA-DQ molecules. In EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and PBL, the protein encoded by the IDDM-protective allele HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 was the most SDS stable when compared with other HLA-DQ molecules, including HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0604, a closely related allele that is not associated with protection from IDDM. Expression of six different HLA-DQ allelic proteins and three different HLA-DR allelic proteins in the bare lymphocyte syndrome cell line, BLS-1, revealed that HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 is SDS stable even in the absence of HLA-DM, while other HLA class II molecules are not. These results suggest that the molecular property of HLA-DQ measured by resistance to denaturation of the alphabeta dimer in SDS may play a role in IDDM protection.
Performance of Selected Clothing Systems under Subzero Conditions: Determination of Performance by a Human-Clothing-Environment Simulator (2006)

It is necessary to measure the performance of outdoor/protective clothing materials in terms of comfort properties under dynamic enduse conditions. A vertical type human-clothing-environment simulator was used to evaluate the thermal comfort performance of layered textile materials under dynamic conditions. Fabric layers of PET knit/fleece and PET knit/micro-porous membrane (MPM), which simulate clothing systems, were compared at a transient state from 25 to -10°C. PVC film was used to compare the effects of permeability. Relative humidity and vapor pressure data confirmed condensation on the fabric layers of the clothing systems during the transient period of temperature decrease. At the subzero condition, fabrics with low air permeability kept the water molecules on their inner surface, which deteriorates the permeability of the membranes. The vapor pressure of the air layer next to the environment was maintained at a relatively high level, which will reduce the driving force for moisture transport from sweating skin to the environment.
Adjustable Tongue Advancement for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Pilot Study (2008)

Adjustable tongue advancement is a feasible and relatively safe way to reduce the AHI and snoring in selected patients with moderate to severe OSA and CPAP intolerance. Technical improvements and refinements to the procedure are ongoing.
Properties of sol-gel TiO2 layers on glass substrate (2004)

TiO 2 thin layers were prepared on glass substrate by sol-gel process and dip-coating technique. The coating solution was prepared by using tetra-n-butyl orthotitanate (C 1 6 H 3 6 O 4 Ti) precursor Very stable sols of this oxide were synthesized using the alcoxide in the presence of acetic acid and using acetyl acetone as a chelating agent. The layers obtained were transparent with good adhesion to the soda-lime glass substrate. The optical absorbance and thickness of the layers as a function of the number of coatings were determined and their surface microstructures was observed by SEM. Absorbance spectra showed an increased absorbance of the layers in the range of 280 - 300 nm. Nanocrystalline anatase particles were detected in the films prepared by heating at higher temperatures. The thickness of layers varied from 80 to 200 nm depending on the coatings number. Corrosion of the substrate covered by the film was followed in demineralised water and was found to be somewhat lower in comparison with the original uncovered glass surface.
Introduction to molecular biology of influenza a viruses. (2014)

This minireview presents an overview of current knowledge on virion structure, genome organization and basic events in the development of influenza A virus. The processes of entry, transcription/replication and viral release are described. In this context, the roles of viral proteins (including recently discovered minor polypeptides) in the subsequent stages of viral development are also discussed.
Using a continuum of light in STED confocal microscopy (2006)

In this work, we numerically show that a continuum of light, generated by a femtosecond laser and a microstrured fiber (MF) can be used as tunable source for STED microscopy. The envisaged setup is composed by a microscope on which such a continuum is inserted. The spectral excitation and STED bands selection is performed by a monochromator based on an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). Pulse temporal shapes fluctuations and intensity fluctuations effects are investigated. Those fluctuations are consistent with the experimental measurements. Temporal variations have little influence on the STED efficiency, whereas intensity fluctuations have much more effects.
Wedged multilayer Laue lens (2008)

A multilayer Laue lens (MLL) is an x-ray focusing optic fabricated from a multilayer structure consisting of thousands of layers of two different materials produced by thin-film deposition. The sequence of layer thicknesses is controlled to satisfy the Fresnel zone plate law and the multilayer is sectioned to form the optic. An improved MLL geometry can be created by growing each layer with an in-plane thickness gradient to form a wedge, so that every interface makes the correct angle with the incident beam for symmetric Bragg diffraction. The ultimate hard x-ray focusing performance of a wedged MLL has been predicted to be significantly better than that of a nonwedged MLL, giving subnanometer resolution with high efficiency. Here, we describe a method to deposit the multilayer structure needed for an ideal wedged MLL and report our initial deposition results to produce these structures.
Homocysteine as a biomarker for cognitive dysfunction in the elderly (2007)

Homocysteine by itself is not a useful marker for screening cognitive decline, or Alzheimer disease but works as a surrogate parameter for malnutrition and organ insufficiency in the cognitive-declining patient.
Editorial (to: Special Issue on Affective Brain-Computer Interfaces) (2013)

The research in brain–computer interfaces (BCI) has shown that brain activity can be used as an active/voluntary or passive/involuntary control modality in man–machine interaction. Until recently, BCI research aimed almost solely at improving the life of disabled persons in need of communication and physical interaction with their environment. Impressive results have been obtained where disabled persons have learned how to control an artificial limb or a wheelchair using their thoughts. Nowadays, however, we also see research aimed at using BCI for the general population. This is an interesting development. Why would a non-disabled user want to use BCI? Or, how could a computer use BCI in order to better support its user? In this Special Issue, our emphasis is on brain–computer interfacing that aims at detecting and using the mental or affective state of the user in order to adapt the interface to the user.
Bile acids as endogenous etiologic agents in gastrointestinal cancer (2009)

Bile acids are implicated as etiologic agents in cancer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including cancer of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, biliary tract, pancreas and colon/rectum. Deleterious effects of bile acid exposure, likely related to carcinogenesis, include: induction of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species; induction of DNA damage; stimulation of mutation; induction of apoptosis in the short term, and selection for apoptosis resistance in the long term. These deleterious effects have, so far, been reported most consistently in relation to esophageal and colorectal cancer, but also to some extent in relation to cancer of other organs. In addition, evidence is reviewed for an association of increased bile acid exposure with cancer risk in human populations, in specific human genetic conditions, and in animal experiments. A model for the role of bile acids in GI carcinogenesis is presented from a Darwinian perspective that offers an explanation for how the observed effects of bile acids on cells contribute to cancer development.
Diode-pumped 1.36 μm Nd-doped fibre laser (1990)

Laser emission has been observed at 1.363μm on the 4F3/2−4I13/2 transition from a diode-pumped Nd-doped phosphate glass single-mode fibre. Normally, this transition is strongly suppressed in an oxide glass host due to excited state absorption effects which reduce the efficiency of this transition. We observe both the lowest lasing threshold (5 mW) and the highest slope efficiency (10.8%) reported for a fibre laser in the 1.3 μm spectral region.
Uncommitted logic array which provides cost-effective multiplication even for long words (1979)

Large-scale integration has permitted the design of 4×4, 8×8 and even 16×16 multiplier systems on a single chip. This paper discusses methods of multiplication and identifies a method which is particularly suited to bit-slice integration and the multiplication of longer words such as 64 × 64 bits. A 2-bit slice has been designed on an uncommitted logic array, and these have been built into and tested in a 16 × 16 bit system. The results of the experiment are reported, and extrapolation from these show that a 64 × 64 bit multiplier can be built with 71 integrated-circuit chips to provide a multiplication time of less than 290 ns. Other developments are indicated which show that a reduction of these figures to 56 chips and 115 ns can be achieved. An alternative design using the same u.l.a. is found to be more expensive at 128 chips, but enables the time to be reduced to 80 ns. A number of other multipliers are also discussed, several of which would be an economical proposition as a high-performance add-on unit for many mini- and microcomputers. However, the u.l.a. design proposed here is found to be the most cost-effective system.
The indirect conversion of glycerol into 1,3-dihydroxyacetone over magnetic polystyrene nanosphere immobilized TEMPO catalyst (2013)

The effectiveness of indirect oxidation of glycerol to prepare 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA) was further verified in this work. The oxidation of the 1,3-acetalized glycerol (5-hydroxyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane, HPD) to 1,3-acetalized dihydroxyacetone (2-phenyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one, PDO) was successfully achieved by Montanari oxidation system (NaClO/NaBr/Magnetic recyclable TEMPO). The magnetic polystyrene nanosphere immobilized TEMPO catalyst (1.02 mmol g−1 nitroxyl radical) was readily prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, particle size analysis, and TEM. The catalyst can be used as recyclable and efficient catalyst for HPD oxidation, and high catalytic activity for up to five cycles was obtained. The target product DHA can be efficiently separated by biphasic extraction without complicated purification. The overall yield of DHA was 95.3%, and 78.1% yield with >99% purity after crystallization.
Approximate nearest neighbor queries revisited (1997)

Article Approximate nearest neighbor queries revisited Share on Author: Timothy M. Chan Dept. of Math. and Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL Dept. of Math. and Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FLView Profile Authors Info & Claims SCG '97: Proceedings of the thirteenth annual symposium on Computational geometryAugust 1997 Pages 352–358https://doi.org/10.1145/262839.263001Online:01 August 1997Publication History 26citation466DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations26Total Downloads466Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Permalloy/Sendust metal-in-gap head (1988)

By first depositing a thin films of Permalloy on a recording head no pseudogaps occur. At the gap the relative wear is slight, due to the presence of the Sendust. The gap cladding has minimal residual stress to avoid a decrease of head efficiency due to induced stress in the ferrite. The SiO/sub 2//Mo/Au gap is prepared by low-temperature thermodiffusion. This results in a magnetically sharp gap with a reproducible length. With this Permalloy/Sendust metal-in-gap head, a high-density recording head for in-contact recording has been realized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A dual frequency ultrasonic probe for medical applications (1995)

A dual frequency probe using a multilayer ceramic is proposed for simultaneously obtaining a high resolution B mode and a high sensitivity Doppler mode image. This ceramic consists of two layers in which the poling directions are opposite and the individual thicknesses are different. It is possible to control the values of relative electromechanical coupling factors in the fundamental and the second harmonic by changing the thickness ratio. A thickness ratio of 1:0.7 was decided from computer simulation based on the Mason's model. A sufficient resolution has been shown from the fact that the intima of the carotid artery could be distinguished by an actually fabricated probe with dual frequencies of 3.75 and 7.5 MHz. Also, the sensitivity of this probe in the Doppler mode at 5 cm depth from the surface has been improved as much as 5 dB over that of a conventional one.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>