gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crop Row Detection in Maize Fields Inspired on the Human Visual Perception (2012)

This paper proposes a new method, oriented to image real-time processing, for identifying crop rows in maize fields in the images. The vision system is designed to be installed onboard a mobile agricultural vehicle, that is, submitted to gyros, vibrations, and undesired movements. The images are captured under image perspective, being affected by the above undesired effects. The image processing consists of two main processes: image segmentation and crop row detection. The first one applies a threshold to separate green plants or pixels (crops and weeds) from the rest (soil, stones, and others). It is based on a fuzzy clustering process, which allows obtaining the threshold to be applied during the normal operation process. The crop row detection applies a method based on image perspective projection that searches for maximum accumulation of segmented green pixels along straight alignments. They determine the expected crop lines in the images. The method is robust enough to work under the above-mentioned undesired effects. It is favorably compared against the well-tested Hough transformation for line detection.
Asynchronous Parallel Coordinate Update Methods for Large Scale Problems (2016)

This thesis focuses on coordinate update methods (CU), which are useful for solving problems involving large or high-dimensional datasets. Coordinate update methods decompose a problem into simple subproblems, where each updates one, or a small block of, variables while fixing others. These methods can deal with linear and nonlinear mappings, smooth and nonsmooth functions, as well as convex and nonconvex problems. In addition, they are easy to parallelize.The great performance of coordinate update methods depends on solving sim- ple subproblems. To derive simple subproblems for several new classes of appli- cations, this thesis systematically studies coordinate friendly (CF) operators that perform low-cost coordinate updates. Based on the discovered coordinate friendly operators, as well as operator splitting techniques, I obtained new coordinate up- date algorithms for a variety of problems in machine learning, image processing, as well as sub-areas of optimization. Several problems are treated with coordinate update for the first time in history.CU can be further scaled up to solve larger problems through asynchronous parallel (async-parallel) techniques. Asynchrony is crucial to parallel computing since it reduces synchronization wait, relaxes communication bottleneck, and thus speeds up computing significantly. I proposed ARock, an algorithmic framework in which multiple agents (machines, processors, or cores) update coordinates in an asynchronous parallel fashion. At each step of ARock, an agent updates a randomly selected coordinate based on possibly out-of-date information. Conver- gence results are established for solving fixed-point problems. Numerical tests on regression and equations show that ARock significantly outperforms its syn- chronous counterpart.The other novel contribution of this thesis is the introduction of an abstract framework for implementing asynchronous parallel algorithms on shared memory platforms. The programming model adopts the thread library from C++ at its lowest level. At the highest level, the goal is to enable fast prototyping of async- parallel algorithms. I developed a multilevel approach to reduce the gap between expert to low-level programming and novice-level programming. A spectrum of applications have been implemented under this framework.
Sox9 and Sox10 influence survival and migration of oligodendrocyte precursors in the spinal cord by regulating PDGF receptor αexpression (2008)

Specification of the myelin-forming oligodendrocytes of the central nervous system requires the Sox9 transcription factor, whereas terminal differentiation depends on the closely related Sox10. Between specification and terminal differentiation, Sox9 and Sox10 are co-expressed in oligodendrocyte precursors and are believed to exert additional functions. To identify such functions, we have deleted Sox9 specifically in already specified oligodendrocyte precursors of the spinal cord. In the absence of Sox9, oligodendrocyte precursors developed normally and started terminal differentiation on schedule. However, when Sox10 was additionally deleted, oligodendrocyte precursors exhibited an altered migration pattern and were present in reduced numbers because of increased apoptosis rates. Remaining precursors continued to express many characteristic oligodendroglial markers. Aberrant expression of astrocytic and neuronal markers was not observed. Strikingly, we failed to detect PDGF receptor alpha expression in the mutant oligodendrocyte precursors, arguing that PDGF receptor alpha is under transcriptional control of Sox9 and Sox10. Altered PDGF receptor alpha expression is furthermore sufficient to explain the observed phenotype, as PDGF is both an important survival factor and migratory cue for oligodendrocyte precursors. We thus conclude that Sox9 and Sox10 are required in a functionally redundant manner in oligodendrocyte precursors for PDGF-dependent survival and migration.
Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Suppresses Human Chorionic Gonadotropin-Induced Ovulation in the Rat1 (1994)

Indirect evidence has implicated the interleukin-1 (IL-1) system in ovulation. Thus, the ability of IL-1β to induce ovulation in rat and rabbit perfused ovaries has been demonstrated. In the present study, the involvement of the IL-1 system in ovulation was directly tested in vivo, in the rat model. For this purpose, the natural inhibitor of the IL-1 system, interleukin- receptor antagonist (IL-lra), was administered locally by use of an intrabursal injection route. Twenty-six-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats received injections of eCG (10 IU), followed 56 h later by hCG (15 IU). IL-lra (75 ,μg/bursa) was administered locally into the periovarian sac, 6 h (n = 5), 2 h (n = 11), and 0 h (n = 5) before hCG administration. Control animals (n = 10) received injections of the same volume (50 μ1) of vehicle (PBS). IL-lra administered locally into the periovarian sac inhibited ovulation from the treated ovary, reaching 40% inhibition (p < 0.05) when injected 2 h prior to hCG, as compared to the untreated contralateral ovary (6 ± 1.4 ova vs. 10 ± 1.8 ova) and PBS-injected control ovaries (6 ± 1.4 ova vs. 8.2 ± 0.7). Injection of IL- Ira 6 h before or concomitantly with hCG did not affect the ovulation rate. Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation was evaluated by 3′ end-labeling and autoradiography for detecting apoptotic changes. No difference in DNA fragmentation was found between treated and untreated ovaries. Morphologically, the failure of the cumulus complexes containing meiotically mature oocytes to detach from mural granulosa and to undergo expansion in ovaries treated with IL-lra 2 h before hCG suggests that IL-1 is involved in preovulatory changes in the cumulus oophorus. Our results demonstrate a time-dependent inhibition of ovulation by IL-lra, suggesting an autocrine-paracrine role of the rat ovarian IL-1 system in ovulation, which is not related to demonstrable ovarian apoptotic changes.
Partition coefficients of organic compounds in lipid-water systems and correlations with fish bioconcentration factors (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPartition coefficients of organic compounds in lipid-water systems and correlations with fish bioconcentration factorsCary T. ChiouCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1985, 19, 1, 57–62Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00131a005https://doi.org/10.1021/es00131a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1464Altmetric-Citations270LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Simplified Strategy for the Estimation of the Exercise Ventilatory Thresholds (2006)

: A simplified approach, based on the ventilatory response as a function of time, can provide acceptable estimates of the exercise ventilatory thresholds--especially VT2--during ramp-incremental cycle ergometry. This new strategy might prove to be useful for exercise training prescription in nontrained adults.
ARF Function Does Not Require p53 Stabilization or Mdm2 Relocalization (2002)

It is generally accepted that the ARF tumor suppressor induces p53-dependent growth arrest by sequestering the p53 antagonist Mdm2 in the nucleolus. Previous mutagenic studies of murine ARF suggested that residues 1 through 14 and 26 through 37 were critical for Mdm2 binding, while the latter domain also governed ARF nucleolar localization. We show that mouse ARF residues 6 to 10 and 21 to 25 are required for ARF-induced growth arrest whereas residues 1 to 5 and 29 to 34 are dispensable. Deletion of the putative nucleolar localization signal (31)RRPR(34) did not prevent nucleolar localization. Surprisingly, unlike wild-type ARF, growth-inhibitory mutants D1-5 and D29-34 failed to stabilize p53 yet induced its transcriptional activation in reporter assays. This suggests that p53 stabilization is not essential for ARF-mediated activation of p53. Like wild-type ARF, both mutants also exhibited p53-independent function since they were able to arrest p53/Mdm2-null cells. Notably, other mutants lacking conserved residues 6 to 10 or 21 to 25 were unable to suppress growth in p53-positive cells despite nucleolar localization and the ability to import Mdm2. Those observations stood in apparent contrast to the ability of wild-type ARF to block growth in some cells without relocalizing endogenous Mdm2 to nucleoli. Together, these data show a lack of correlation between ARF activity and Mdm2 relocalization, suggesting that additional events other than Mdm2 import are required for ARF function.
Interlayer Exchange Coupled Based Nanomagnetic Multiplier Architecture Design Methodology (2021)

In this manuscript, Inter-Layer Exchange Coupled (IEC) based 2-bit multiplier architecture design methodology has been proposed for the first time to the best of authors knowledge. Subsequently, the proposed design methodology has been implemented using the widely accepted Object Oriented Micromagnetic Framework (OOMMF) platform. The reliability of the proposed structure has been established by studying the temperature fluctuation effect up to Curie temperature. It was noticed that unlike the dipole coupled architectures, the IEC based multiplier design has the capability of operating even up to Curie temperature at sub-50nm justifying stability with respect to the temperature fluctuations.
Rho Kinases and Cardiac Remodeling (2016)

Hypertensive cardiac remodeling is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis, which can lead to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinases (ROCKs) are members of the serine/threonine protein kinase family, which mediates the downstream effects of the small GTP-binding protein RhoA. There are 2 isoforms: ROCK1 and ROCK2. They have different functions in different types of cells and tissues. There is growing evidence that ROCKs contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases, including cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, and subsequent heart failure. Recent experimental studies using ROCK inhibitors, such as fasudil, have shown the benefits of ROCK inhibition in cardiac remodeling. Mice lacking each ROCK isoform also exhibit reduced myocardial fibrosis in a variety of pathological models of cardiac remodeling. Indeed, clinical studies with fasudil have suggested that ROCKs could be potential novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the roles of ROCKs in the development of cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy and discuss their therapeutic potential for deleterious cardiac remodeling. (Circ J 2016; 80: 1491-1498).
A Wideband Inductorless Single-to-Differential LNA in <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$0.18 \mu{\rm m}$</tex> </formula> CMOS Technology for Digital TV Receivers (2014)

This study presents an inverter-based inductorless single-to-differential (S2D) wideband low-noise amplifier (LNA). The proposed LNA has three inverter-based gain stages with a global shunt feedback resistor for wideband input impedance matching. Moreover, a shunt capacitor with a current bias transistor in the third gain stage enhances the gain/phase imbalances and the linearity of the pseudo-differential outputs. When implemented in a TSMC <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$0.18$</tex></formula> - <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\mu {\rm m}$</tex></formula> CMOS process, this wideband LNA covering DC-1.4 GHz achieves a <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm S}_{21}$</tex></formula> of 16.4 dB, a minimal input third-order intercept point (IIP3) of <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$ -13.3~{\rm dBm}$</tex></formula> , and a minimal noise figure (with output buffers) of 3 dB. The output gain and phase imbalances are less than 1 dB and 2.5 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> , respectively, within 1 GHz. The chip consumes 12.8 mW from a 1.8 V supply.
A Wideband Stripline Matched Power Divider (1968)

In many microwave systems, a signal must be split into two equal-amplitude in-phase signals by a power divider. The power divider must be matched at the input to achieve complete power transfer and should, in most applications, be matched at the two output ports to avoid interaction between the power divider and mismatched networks connected to the outputs.
Distribution of a Corticosteroid-binding Protein in Candida and Other Fungal Genera (1983)

Using [3H]corticosterone as a probe, corticosteroid-binding protein (CBP) was detected in eight out of eight isolates of Candida albicans, of both A and B serotypes. The apparent dissociation constant (Kd) in the various isolates ranged between 8 and 19 nM; the binding capacity varied from 122 to over 2400 fmol (mg cytosol protein)-1. There was no correlation between the amount or affinity of CBP and isolate virulence for murine hosts. Further analysis revealed demonstrable CBP in six out of six Candida species other than C. albicans. One isolate of C. tropicalis has been identified which fails to bind [3H]corticosterone. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Neurospora crassa and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis also failed to bind [3H]corticosterone. Preliminary attempts were made to determine functions mediated by CBP in Candida, but in vitro growth, phase conversion and glucose oxidation by Candida were unaffected by the addition of a variety of steroid hormones. These data indicate that the presence of CBP in Candida does not correlate with either virulence or serotype. The physiological significance of CBP remains to be determined.
Scaling secure group communication systems: beyond peer-to-peer (2004)

This paper proposes several integrated security architecture designs for client-server group communication systems. In an integrated architecture, security services are implemented in servers, in contrast to a layered architecture where the same services are implemented in clients. We discuss the performance and accompanying trust issues of each proposed architecture and present experimental results that demonstrate the superior scalability of an integrated architecture.
Bitter acids from hydroethanolic extracts of Humulus lupulus L., Cannabaceae, used as anxiolytic (2010)

Humulus lupulus L., Cannabaceae, is commonly used as light sedative and anxiolytics in folk medicine. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn represents a powerful tool for the analysis of natural products, since it can simultaneously provide a UV chromatogram and significant structural information about compounds in complex mixture. The aim of this work was characterize the constituents present in hydroethanolic extract. Compounds 1-9 were tentatively characterized on the basis of UV, MS/MS, after reversed phase separation, retention time and literature data. The main phenolic compounds (based on peak area) were characterized as hulupinic acid (9), cohulupone (8), two oxidized hop alfa-bitter acids (principal constituents), one being a oxidized cohumulinone (5) and the other an oxidized humulinone (7) derivatives, together with a procyanidin dimer B (3), flavonoids rutin (4) and kaempferol-7-O-rutinoside (6). This plant known, due to anxiolytic property and beer flavoring, showed oxidized hop bitter acids, as principal constituents, in its hydroethanolic extract.
Validation and Verification of Simulation Models (2005)

In this paper we discuss validation and verification of simulation models. Four different approaches to deciding model validity are described; two different paradigms that relate validation and verification to the model development process are presented; various validation techniques are defined; conceptual model validity, model verification, operational validity, and data validity are discussed; a way to document results is given; a recommended procedure for model validation is presented; and accreditation is briefly discussed.
A Comparison of Stick-Slip Mitigation Tools (2017)

Abstract The most effective way to mitigate torsional stick-slip oscillations is to apply smart control of the top drive so that it effectively absorbs energy from vibration components near the stick-slip frequency. This paper is a comparative study of several smart control systems available in the market. The comparison is based mainly on analysis of the top drive mobility over a wide range of frequencies. Torsional mobility is defined as the complex ratio of speed to torque variations at the top drive output shaft and it carries information on both amplitude and phase relations between the two variables. The real part of normalized mobility, defined as the non-dimensional product of this mobility and the characteristic impedance for the upper drill string section, has proved to be a very useful tool for analyzing damping characteristics and for calculating the risk of instabilities. Four different variants of smart control methods have been analyzed, both with perfect tuning and no signal delays and when signal delays are present. The systems have not been rated against each other, but they all show a relatively high sensitivity to signal delays, even small delays in the order of 50 milliseconds.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Arylpiperazine Derivatives Containing the Imidazole Core Targeting 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> Receptor and 5-HT Transporter (2011)

Serotonin antagonist reuptake inhibitor (SARI) drugs that block both 5-HT(2) receptors and the serotonin transporters have been developed. The human 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor has been implicated in several neurological conditions, and potent selective 5-HT(2A/2C) ligands may have therapeutic potential for treatment of CNS diseases such as depression. An imidazole moiety usually provides good pharmacokinetic properties as a drug substance, and thus considerable efforts have been devoted to develop imidazole derivatives into drug candidates. The imidazole series of compounds was evaluated against 5-HT(2A/2C) and serotonin reuptake inhibition. A few of the compounds in the series showed promising IC(50) values and antidepressant-like effect in in vivo forced swimming test (FST). On the basis of these results, further lead optimization studies resulted in identifying promising compounds potentially for therapeutic use.
Purification of a lectin from Eugenia uniflora L. seeds and its potential antibacterial activity (2008)

The strong antibacterial activity of the studied lectin indicates a high potential for clinical microbiology and therapeutic applications.
Oxo-Tethered Ruthenium(II) Complex as a Bifunctional Catalyst for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation and H<sub>2</sub> Hydrogenation (2011)

Newly developed oxo-tethered Ru amido complexes (R,R)-1 and their HCl adducts (R,R)-2 exhibited excellent catalytic performance for both asymmetric transfer hydrogenation and the hydrogenation of ketonic substrates under neutral conditions without any cocatalysts to give chiral secondary alcohols with high levels of enantioselectivity.
Speeding-Up the Similarity Search in Time Series Databases by Coupling Dimensionality Reduction Techniques with a Fast-and-Dirty Filter (2010)

In this paper we present a new generic frame that boosts the performance of different time series dimensionality reduction techniques by using a fast-and-dirty filter that we combine with the lower bounding condition of the dimensionality reduction technique to increase the pruning power. This fast-and-dirty filter is based on an optimal approximation of the segmented time series. The distances between these segmented time series and their approximating functions are computed and stored at indexing-time. This step is repeated using different resolution levels which correspond to different lengths of the segments. At query-time these pre-computed distances are utilized to prune those time series which are not similar to the given pattern using the least number of query-time distance computations. We conduct experiments that validate the theoretical basis of our proposed method.
Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of alkyl halides (2011)

Cross-coupling reactions have become indispensable tools for creating carbon-carbon (or heteroatom) bonds in organic synthesis. Like in other important transition metal catalyzed reactions, such as metathesis, addition, and polymerization, unsaturated compounds are usually employed as substrates for cross-coupling reactions. However during the past decade, a great deal of effort has been devoted to the use of alkyl halides as saturated compounds in cross-coupling reactions, which has resulted in significant progress in this undeveloped area by introducing new effective ligands. Many useful catalytic systems are now available for synthetic transformations based on C(sp(3))-C(sp(3)), C(sp(3))-C(sp(2)) and C(sp(3))-C(sp) bond formation as complementary methods to conventional C(sp(2))-C(sp(2)), C(sp(2))-C(sp) and C(sp)-C(sp) coupling. This tutorial review summarizes recent advances in cross-coupling reactions of alkyl halides and pseudohalides catalyzed by a palladium complex.