gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2889: SGN-CD30C, a new CD30-directed camptothecin antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), shows strong anti-tumor activity and superior tolerability in preclinical studies (2020)

Abstract SGN-CD30C, a new CD30-directed ADC, utilizes a potent camptothecin derivative as the cytotoxic payload. SGN-CD30C targets the same antigen as brentuximab vedotin (BV), though the payload has a different mechanism of action, namely inhibiting topoisomerase I rather than disrupting microtubules. Unlike monomethyl auristatin E, camptothecin-based therapies do not cause peripheral neuropathy clinically, suggesting that SGN-CD30C may have the potential to avoid one of the most common adverse events associated with BV. In preclinical studies, SGN-CD30C demonstrated strong monotherapy activity, inducing durable tumor regressions in multiple lymphoma models and eliciting cures in a BV-resistant tumor model. Furthermore, bystander killing of antigen-negative tumor cells, which is thought to be an important attribute of BV, was confirmed in vivo using CD30-heterogeneous tumors. SGN-CD30C was well-tolerated in non-human primate (NHP) toxicology studies and demonstrated ~6-fold higher maximum tolerated dose (MTD) when compared to BV. The primary toxicity for SGN-CD30C in NHP studies was anemia due primarily to bone marrow suppression of erythropoiesis. SGN-CD30C had no effect on neutrophil counts and caused only minimal to mild decreases in platelets. The lack of significant neutropenia seen with SGN-CD30C contrasts with BV, indicating the two antibody-drug conjugates may have non-overlapping dose limiting toxicities. We theorized using a reduced dose of BV in combination with SGN-CD30C could provide a dual mechanism of action to retain or enhance anti-tumor activity while decreasing the incidence of non-overlapping toxicities (i.e. peripheral neuropathy). To test this hypothesis preclinically, we evaluated the anti-tumor activity of BV and SGN-CD30C at sub-curative doses in a Karpas-299 xenograft model. The results show the combination of SGN-CD30C + BV generated a higher number of durable CRs compared to the equivalent monotherapy doses, thereby confirming strong anti-tumor activity by using a lower dose of each ADC in combination. In summary, our data show SGN-CD30C is a compelling therapeutic candidate for CD30-positive malignancies. The strong anti-tumor activity and superior tolerability suggest SGN-CD30C has a favorable therapeutic window. Furthermore, the distinct mechanism of action and non-overlapping toxicity profile offers the potential to combine SGN-CD30C with BV for enhanced risk/benefit. Citation Format: Maureen Ryan, Ryan Lyski, Lauren Bou, David Meyer, Steven Jin, Jessica Simmons, Dennis Benjamin, Peter Senter, Scott Jeffrey. SGN-CD30C, a new CD30-directed camptothecin antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), shows strong anti-tumor activity and superior tolerability in preclinical studies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2889.
Abstract: Exploration History of the South Texas Lower Cretaceous Carbonate Platform (1977)

ABSTRACT The search for hydrocarbons in reservoirs of the Lower Cretaceous of south-central Texas has been continuous for more than sixty years. To date accumulations have been found in significant quantities in but four areas: 1) the very shallow fault traps high on the San Marcos arch in Caldwell and Guadalupe Counties, 2) a fault trend stretching across central Atascosa County, 3) a fault trend extending front south-eastern Atascosa County to southern Gonzales County, and 4) a narrow, elongate band extending across the entire area known as the Stuart City reef trend. Reservoirs which contain the hydrocarbons were deposited in a myriad of environments all related to a broad carbonate shelf covered by an extremely shallow sea. The sea deepened dramatically at the shelf margin parallel to the reef trend. Dolomites contain the accumulations in the fault trends and porosity and permeability are reasonably good. Limestones in the reef trend were seldom extremely porous initially and late cementation has diminished even that porosity making the reservoir of lesser quality. Oil is the dominant hydrocarbon in the shallow fields, is less dominant in the other fault trends, and is nonexistent in the reef reservoirs. Proved ultimate for the fault trends is about 350 million barrels of oil and one and one-half trillion cubic feet of gas. Reserves for the reef trend's dry-gas reservoirs are difficult to estimate because of highly variable reservoir conditions, but should fall between one and one and a half trillion cubic feet. Intensity of exploration decreases from late Lower Cretaceous to older rocks. The Sligo Limestone still holds the promise of success but lies at considerable depths over much of the area. Edwards and Glen Rose rocks are more densely explored but there are ample opportunities for new plays even in these formations. Geologists who examine cores and cuttings, determine depositional patterns, understand modern carbonate sedimentology, and study patterns of diagenesis will have an advantage in developing new concepts for exploration. End_of_Record - Last_Page 438-------
40 Gbit/s transmission over 406 km of NDSF usingmid-span spectral inversion by four-wave-mixing in a 2 mm long semiconductoroptical amplifier (1997)

The transmission of a 4 × 10 Gbit/s OTDM data sequence is demonstrated for the first time over 406 km of non-dispersion shifted fibre. Four wave mixing in a 2 mm long semiconductor optical amplifier was used to compensate for dispersion via mid-span spectral inversion. A record 45 dB signal-to-noise ratio in a 0.1 nm bandwidth was obtained for the spectrally inverted signal.
IgA glycosylation in IgA nephropathy. (1995)

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common glomerulonephritis characterised by deposition of IgA1 in the glomerular mesangium The underlying abnormality lies within the IgA system rather than the kidney, and modest irregularities of IgA biology have been described, but the mechanisms involved in IgA1 deposition and glomerular injury remain elusive. A few reports have suggested an abnormality of the carbohydrate component of IgA1 in IgAN. These studies sought to confirm and further characterise the putative glycosylation defect and to identify its biochemical basis. Lectin binding assays were developed and used to analyse the N- and O-linked glycans of IgA1 in IgAN and controls. No gross abnormality of N-glycosylation was detected in IgAN, though these studies were subject to technical limitations. IgA1 in IgAN displayed significantly increased binding to lectins with affinity for O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine (Ga1NAc) as compared to controls. One explanation for this finding is reduced terminal galactosylation of the O-linked sugars of IgA1. A novel assay was developed to measure the functional activity of alpha1,3 galactosyltransferase (alpha1,3GT), the enzyme responsible for O-galactosylation, in cell lysates. In IgAN, peripheral blood B cells appeared to show significantly lower alpha1,3GT activity than controls, and this was inversely proportional to Ga1NAc expression of serum IgA1 as measured by lectin binding. These studies confirm an abnormality of O-linked glycosylation of serum IgA1 in IgAN, which may be attributed to low B cell alpha1,3GT activity. Altered O-glycosylation of IgA1 may be relevant to the pathogenesis of IgAN.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BAMBOO NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE (2012)

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) has many potential applications because of its special properties. In this paper, NCC was prepared from bamboo pulp. Bamboo pulp was first pretreated with sodium hydroxide, followed by hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. The concentration of sulfuric acid and the hydrolysis time on the yield of NCC were studied. The results showed that sulfuric acid concentration had larger influence than the hydrolysis time on the yield of NCC. When the temperature was 50oC, the concentration of sulfuric acid was 48wt% and the reaction time was 30 minutes, a high quality of nanocrystalline cellulose was obtained; under these conditions, the length of the nanocrystalline cellulose ranged from 200 nm to 500 nm, the diameter was less than 20 nm, the yield was 15.67wt%, and the crystallinity was 71.98%, which is not only higher than those of cellulose nanocrystals prepared from some non-wood materials, but also higher than bamboo cellulose nanocrystals prepared by other methods.
Consensus Values and Weighting Factors (1982)

A method is presented for the statistical analysis of sets of data which are assembled from multiple experiments. The analysis recognizes the existence of both within group and between group variabilities, and calculates appropriate weighting factors based on the observed variability for each group. The weighting factors are used to calculate a "best" consensus value from the overall experiment. The technique for obtaining the consensus value is applicable to either the determination of the weighted average value, or to the parameters associated with a weighted least squares regression problem. The calculations are made by using an iterative technique with a truncated Taylor series expansion. The calculations are straightforward, and are easily programmed on a desktop computer. An examination of the observed variabilities, both within groups and between groups, leads to considerable insight into the overall experiment and greatly aids in the design of future experiments.
Markers within the regulatory region of the growth hormone receptor gene and their association with milk-related traits in Holsteins (1999)

We studied sequence variations in the regulatory region of the bovine growth hormone receptor gene. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for detecting AluI, AccI, and StuI restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in the 5' flanking region of the bovine growth hormone receptor gene was developed and tested for association with milk-related traits in Holstein bulls. Allele frequencies of the polymorphisms in two groups of Holstein progeny-tested bulls born from 1950 to 1970 and in the 1980s, respectively, were estimated. The allele frequency of the AluI(-) allele was 0.63 and 0.42 in the bulls from 1950 to 1970 and in the 1980s, respectively. The frequency of the StuI(-) allele was 0.14 and 0.07 in the two respective bull groups. Allele frequency for AccI(-) allele was about 0.22 in both bull groups. The differences in allele frequencies for the AluI polymorphism in the two bull groups were significantly different (P < or = .005). The AluI(+/+) bulls had a higher estimated breeding value (EBV) for fat (P < or = .016) than AluI(-/-) bulls. The average effect of allele substitution for the AluI polymorphism was +/- 8 for fat EBV. The AluI polymorphism could be further evaluated for use in marker-assisted selection in dairy cattle.
Cytoplasmic Control of Cadherin-mediated Cell-Cell Adhesion (1992)

Cadherins constitute a multigene family of Ca++-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecules with more than 15 members (Magee and Buxton 1991; Takeichi 1991). A role of the members of this molecular family is to bind cells very tightly through homophilic interactions. If cadherins are absent, cells can disperse freely. Many members of the family preferentially interact with the same molecules. As a result, cells selectively adhere to those expressing identical cadherin types (Nose et al. 1988; Friedlander et al. 1989; Miyatani et al. 1989). For this property, cadherins are thought to be important in specific cell-cell adhesion.
A Low-Cost VLC Implementation for MPEG-4 (2007)

In this brief, a low-cost technique to implement variable-length coding (VLC) is presented. Instead of using a large codeword table as with most traditional methods, we employ two smaller tables, symbol-address table and section-based table, to encode input symbols. Compared with previous methods, our VLC implementation can reduce about 17% to 38% of memory space for storing larger VLC tables in MPEG-4 application. Synthesis results show that the proposed VLC encoder and decoder occupy 19761 and 20187 gate counts, respectively.
On the Robust Stabilization of Nonlinear Uncertain Systems With Incomplete State Availability (2000)

The control problem of a class of nonlinear uncertain processes with incomplete state availability is dealt with by means of second-order sliding mode control technique. With the aim of using a continuous control, a combined scheme is proposed in which a 2-sliding mode differentiator and a 2-sliding mode controller are coupled. The stability of the whole observer-controller system is proved for a class of nonlinear plants, and some simulation results are finally provided. [S0022-0434(00)02704-0]
Programmable Networks for Quantum Algorithms (2003)

The implementation of a quantum computer requires the realization of a large number of N-qubit unitary operations which represent the possible oracles or which are part of the quantum algorithm. Until now there have been no standard ways to uniformly generate whole classes of N-qubit gates. We develop a method to generate arbitrary controlled phase-shift operations with a single network of one-qubit and two-qubit operations. This kind of network can be adapted to various physical implementations of quantum computing and is suitable to realize the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm as well as Grover's search algorithm.
Dielectric property and conduction mechanism of ultrathin zirconium oxide films (2001)

Stoichiometric, uniform, amorphous ZrO2 films with an equivalent oxide thickness of ∼1.5 nm and a dielectric constant of ∼18 were deposited by an atomic layer controlled deposition process on silicon for potential applications in metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) devices. The conduction mechanism is identified as Schottky emission at low electric fields and as Poole–Frenkel emission at high electric fields. The MOS devices showed low leakage current, small hysteresis (&lt;50 mV), and low interface state density (∼2×1011 cm−2 eV−1). Microdiffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed a localized monoclinic phase of α-ZrO2 and an amorphous interfacial ZrSixOy layer which has a corresponding dielectric constant of 11.
Antisense oligonucleotides in cancer (2014)

We still do not have a marketed antisense oligonucleotide for a cancer indication. This is because critical aspects of the cellular, tumor pharmacology and delivery properties of these agents are still not well understood.
Cutting Edge: Asymmetric Memory T Cell Division in Response to Rechallenge (2012)

Clonal selection of a T cell for use in the immune response appears to necessitate proliferative expansion and terminal effector differentiation of some cellular progeny, while reserving other progeny as less-differentiated memory cells. It has been suggested that asymmetric cell division may promote initial cell diversification. Stem cell-like models of adaptive immunity might predict that subsequent encounters with a pathogen would evoke reiterative, self-renewing, asymmetric division by memory T cells. In this study, we show that murine memory CD8(+) T cells can divide asymmetrically in response to secondary encounter with pathogen. Critical regulators of signaling and transcription are partitioned to one side of the mitotic spindle in rechallenged memory T cells, and two phenotypically distinct populations of daughter cells are evident from the earliest divisions. Memory T cells may thus use asymmetric cell division to generate cellular heterogeneity when faced with pathogen rechallenge.
Oral peptide specific egg antibody to intestinal sodium-dependent phosphate co-transporter-2b is effective at altering phosphate transport in vitro and in vivo (2015)

Hyperimmunized hens are an effective means of generating large quantities of antigen specific egg antibodies that have use as oral supplements. In this study, we attempted to create a peptide specific antibody that produced outcomes similar to those of the human pharmaceutical, sevelamer HCl, used in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia (a sequela of chronic renal disease). Egg antibodies were generated against 8 different human intestinal sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter 2b (NaPi2b) peptides, and hNaPi2b peptide egg antibodies were screened for their ability to inhibit phosphate transport in human intestinal Caco-2 cell line. Antibody produced against human peptide sequence TSPSLCWT (anti-h16) was specific for its peptide sequence, and significantly reduced phosphate transport in human Caco-2 cells to 25.3±11.5% of control nonspecific antibody, when compared to nicotinamide, a known inhibitor of phosphate transport (P≤0.05). Antibody was then produced against the mouse-specific peptide h16 counterpart (mouse sequence TSPSYCWT, anti-m16) for further analysis in a murine model. When anti-m16 was fed to mice (1% of diet as dried egg yolk powder), egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) was detected using immunohistochemical staining in mouse ileum, and egg anti-m16 IgY colocalized with a commercial goat anti-NaPi2b antibody. The effectiveness of anti-m16 egg antibody in reducing serum phosphate, when compared to sevelamer HCl, was determined in a mouse feeding study. Serum phosphate was reduced 18% (P<0.02) in mice fed anti-m16 (1% as dried egg yolk powder) and 30% (P<0.0001) in mice fed sevelamer HCl (1% of diet) when compared to mice fed nonspecific egg immunoglobulin. The methods described and the findings reported show that oral egg antibodies are useful and easy to prepare reagents for the study and possible treatment of select diseases.
A distributed hypermedia operating system: Net-BTRON (2002)

With the spread of the World Wide Web (WWW), worldwide hypermedia systems (HMSs) have been constructed on the Internet and are still expanding very rapidly. To ensure a flexible information structure and high usability for browsing information, it is important to guarantee "openness" and "standardization". However, conventional HMSs, including WWW, cannot sufficiently satisfy these technical features because they are implemented by application level softwares. In this paper, we present the Net-BTRON (network business TRON-The Real-time Operating system Nucleus), which realizes a distributed hyper-media environment in the operating system layer. The Net-BTRON provides an open hypermedia infrastructure where every application provides a hypermedia function, and every application can invoke each other by a hypermedia user interface.
Low-Cytotoxic Synthetic Bromorutaecarpine Exhibits Anti-Inflammation and Activation of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 Activities (2013)

Rutaecarpine (RUT), the major bioactive ingredient isolated from the Chinese herb Evodia rutaecarpa, possesses a wide spectrum of biological activities, including anti-inflammation and preventing cardiovascular diseases. However, its high cytotoxicity hampers pharmaceutical development. We designed and synthesized a derivative of RUT, bromo-dimethoxyrutaecarpine (Br-RUT), which showed no cytotoxicity at 20 μM. Br-RUT suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production and tumor necrosis factor-α release in concentration-dependent (0~20 μM) manners in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages; protein levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 induced by LPS were downregulated. Br-RUT inhibited cell migration and invasion of ovarian carcinoma A2780 cells with 0~48 h of treatment. Furthermore, Br-RUT enhanced the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 and activated endothelial NOS in human aortic endothelial cells. These results suggest that the synthetic Br-RUT possesses very low cytotoxicity but retains its activities against inflammation and vasodilation that could be beneficial for cardiovascular disease therapeutics.
Effect of organophosphate pesticides on glutaminase synthetase activity in rat brain. (1992)

Of the organophosphate pesticides studied, dichlorvos inhibited significantly both, phosphate-activated glutaminase and alpha-keto acid-activated glutaminase, while monocorotophos inhibited moderately alpha-keto acid activated glutaminase in rat brain. Phosphamidon inhibited glutamine synthetase activity negligibly.
Multivariate Analysis and Geovisualization with an Integrated Geographic Knowledge Discovery Approach (2005)

The discovery, interpretation, and presentation of multivariate spatial patterns are important for scientific understanding of complex geographic problems. This research integrates computational, visual, and cartographic methods together to detect and visualize multivariate spatial patterns. The integrated approach is able to: (1) perform multivariate analysis, dimensional reduction, and data reduction (summarizing a large number of input data items in a moderate number of clusters) with the Self-Organizing Map (SOM); (2) encode the SOM result with a systematically designed color scheme; (3) visualize the multivariate patterns with a modified Parallel Coordinate Plot (PCP) display and a geographic map (GeoMap); and (4) support human interactions to explore and examine patterns. The research shows that such "mixed initiative" methods (computational and visual) can mitigate each other's weakness and collaboratively discover complex patterns in large geographic datasets, in an effective and efficient way.
Structure and thermal stability of the extracellular fragment of human transferrin receptor at extracellular and endosomal pH (1994)

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been used to study the solution structure and thermal stability of the extracellular fragment of human transferrin receptor (tfRt) at extracellular and endosomal pH. At extracellular pH tfRt is composed of 56% alpha-helix, 19% beta-sheet and 14% turns. Upon acidification to endosomal pH the alpha-helical content of the protein is reduced and the beta-sheet content increased by nearly 10%. At extracellular pH, the midpoint temperature of thermal denaturation (Tm) for the loss of secondary and tertiary structure, and the formation of aggregated structures, is 71 degrees C. At endosomal pH this temperature is reduced by approximately 15 degrees C. The apparent entropies of thermal denaturation indicate that the native structure of tfRt at endosomal pH is far more flexible than at extracellular pH.
The Legitimacy Detection for Multilevel Hybrid Cloud Algorithm Based Data Access (2015)

In this paper a joint algorithm was designed to detect a variety of unauthorized access risks in multilevel hybrid cloud. First of all, the access history is recorded among different virtual machines in multilevel hybrid cloud using the global flow diagram. Then, the global flow graph is taken as auxiliary decision-making basis to design legitimacy detection algorithm based data access and is represented by formal representation, Finally the implement process was specified, and the algorithm can effectively detect operating against regulations such as simple unauthorized level across, beyond indirect unauthorized and other irregularities.
Coccidial infection in immunosuppressed mice: prophylaxis and treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone (2000)

Cryptosporidiosis and toxoplasmosis are diseases caused by opportunistic coccidial parasites that can lead to life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients. We evaluated dehydroepiandrosterone as prophylaxis and therapy in immunosuppressed mice infected with Cryptosporidium parvum and avirulent Toxoplasma gondii. Mice were infected with either Cryptosporidium oocysts or Toxoplasma cysts. Assessment was by mortality rates, parasitic counts and electron microscopic studies. Mortality rates were significantly reduced in all treated groups. A significant reduction in the cryptosporidial oocyst count in stool and intestinal villi and in Toxoplasma cysts in the brains of infected mice was observed in all the groups. The effect of the drug was greater when given prior to infection.