gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling the responses of TSM resonators under various loading conditions (1999)

The authors developed a general model that describes the electrical responses of thickness shear mode resonators subject to a variety of surface conditions. The model incorporates a physically diverse set of single component loadings, including rigid solids, viscoelastic media, and fluids (Newtonian or Maxwellian). The model allows any number of these components to be combined in any configuration. Such multiple loadings are representative of a variety of physical situations encountered in electrochemical and other liquid phase applications, as well as gas phase applications. In the general case, the response of the composite load is not a linear combination of the individual component responses. The authors discuss application of the model in a qualitative diagnostic fashion to gain insight into the nature of the interfacial structure, and in a quantitative fashion to extract appropriate physical parameters such as liquid viscosity and density, and polymer shear moduli.
Activation of <i>hsr</i>203, a Plant Gene Expressed During Incompatible Plant-Pathogen Interactions, Is Correlated with Programmed Cell Death (1998)

hsr203J is a tobacco gene whose activation is rapid, highly localized, and specific for incompatible interactions between tobacco and the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. The effect of other hypersensitive response (HR)-inducing pathogens and elicitors has been tested with transgenic plants containing the hsr203J promoter-GUS reporter gene fusion, and confirms the generality of the preferential inducibility of the hsr203J gene promoter during incompatible interactions: bacterial and viral pathogens inducing an HR in tobacco were able to induce the promoter fusion, as were inducers of HR-like responses such as harpin, elicitins, and PopA1 proteins. A tomato hsr203 homologous cDNA was isolated (Lehsr203) and used to examine the effect of avr gene products on the expression of such genes. Lehsr203 was shown to be rapidly and transiently induced in leaves of the tomato Cf-9 line, following Avr9 product infiltration, but not in those of the Cf-0 line. Among potential effectors of HR or resistance such as H2O2, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid (INA), none is able to induce a significant increase in promoter activation. In contrast, heavy metals that cause leaf necrosis can trigger such an activation. In addition, hsr203-GUS fusion expression is detected in transgenic tobacco lines expressing the bO gene and exhibiting spontaneous HR-like lesions. Taken together, these results demonstrate a strong correlation between hsr203 and genetically controlled cell death in tobacco and tomato. The expression of this gene should be a useful marker for programmed cell death occurring in response not only to diverse pathogens, but also to diverse death-triggering extracellular agents.
Experimental Study of Alfvén-Wave Properties (1960)

Alfvén hydromagnetic waves are propagated through a cylindrical plasma. The wave velocity, attenuation, impedance, and energy transfer are studied. The theoretical equations predict correctly the functional dependence of the velocity and attenuation, and from these quantities accurate measurements of plasma density and temperature can be obtained. A qualitative agreement between theory and experiment is obtained for the hydromagnetic coaxial waveguide impedance, and the energy transferred from an oscillating circuit to the hydromagnetic wave is measured to be 43 ± 10%.
Relative queue-based distributed system performance real-time dynamic monitor (2009)

Nondedicated distributed system is composed of many computers. Every computer has its owner user who has the highest priority using the computer. Special attention must be paid to the utilizing ratio of computer resource while computing tasks are allocated to distributed system. A relative queue model is constructed in this paper which is used to process data with synchronous relationship among them and perform data collection in multicomputer distributed system so we can calculate not only the resource utilizing ratio of individual computer but also the resource utilizing ratio of the whole system. Consequently, it can perform dynamic and real-time monitoring on distributed system resource utilizing ratio properly and conveniently. After implementing the model in a distributed system and comparing the implementation results with performance monitor in Window 2000, which is task manager, the results indicate that relative queue model proposed in this paper can real-timely and dynamically monitor multi-computer distributed system performance satisfactorily.
Fibrin-mediated delivery of KGF in 2D and 3D models of wound regeneration (2003)

We developed 2D and 3D models of wound regeneration to assess the efficacy of fibrin and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF or FGF-7) to accelerate skin reepithelialization. A modified scratch wounding assay in culture was used to study the fibrillar. structure of fibrin and its effect on keratinocyte migration. A skin equivalent model of wound healing was utilized to examine the same conditions in 3D. Fibrin accelerated the healing of wounds in 2D and 3D when used at physiologic concentrations (2 - 4 mg/ml). Interestingly, higher fibrinogen concentrations had a deleterious effect in 2D but did not alter the rate of healing in the 3D model. We also evaluated the effects of heparin and fibrillar structure of fibrin gels on the kinetics of KGF release. Fibrin gels were then used to deliver KGF to wounds created in skin equivalents grafted to athymic mice. We found that fibrin-mediated delivery of KGF accelerated reepithelialization and increased vascularization of wounds in vivo. Our results suggest that the structure of fibrin may differentially affect growth factor delivery and keratinocyte migration in 2D vs. 3D models.
TWEAK causes myotube atrophy through coordinated activation of ubiquitin‐proteasome system, autophagy, and caspases (2011)

Proinflammatory cytokine TWEAK has now emerged as a key mediator of skeletal muscle-wasting in many catabolic conditions. However, the mechanisms by which TWEAK induces muscle proteolysis remain poorly understood. Here, we have investigated the role of ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, and caspases in TWEAK-induced muscle wasting. Addition of TWEAK to C2C12 myotubes stimulated the ubiquitination of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and augmented the expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase MuRF1. Pretreatment of myotubes with proteasome inhibitors MG132 or lactacystin or knockdown of MuRF1 by RNAi blocked the TWEAK-induced degradation of MyHC and myotube atrophy. TWEAK increased the expression of several autophagy-related molecules. Moreover, the inhibitors of autophagy improved the levels of MyHC in TWEAK-treated myotubes. TWEAK also increased activity of caspases in C2C12 myotubes. Pan-caspase or caspase 3 inhibitory peptide inhibited the TWEAK-induced loss of MyHC and myotube diameter. Our study demonstrates that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor is essential for TWEAK-induced expression of MuRF1 and Beclin1. Furthermore, our results suggest that caspases contribute, at least in part, to the activation of NF-κB in response to TWEAK treatment. Collectively, the present study provides novel insight into the mechanisms of action of TWEAK in skeletal muscle.
FK506-binding protein of the hyperthermophilic archaeum, Thermococcus sp. KS-1, a cold-shock-inducible peptidyl-prolyl cis‒trans isomerase with activities to trap and refold denatured proteins (2001)

The FK506 (tacrolimus)-binding protein (FKBP) type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) in the hyperthermophilic archaeum Thermococcus sp. KS-1 was shown to be induced by temperature downshift to growth temperatures lower than the optimum. This PPIase (TcFKBP18) showed chaperone-like protein refolding activity in addition to PPIase activity in vitro. It refolded unfolded citrate synthase (CS) and increased the yield of the refolded protein. At a molar ratio of 15:1 ([TcFKBP18] to [CS]) in the refolding mixture, the recovered yield of folded CS was maximal at 62%, whereas that of spontaneous refolding was 11%. Increasing FKBP above a 15:1 ratio decreased the final yield, whereas the aggregation of unfolded CS was suppressed. A cross-linking analysis showed the formation of a complex between TcFKBP18 and unfolded CS (1:1 complex) at molar ratios of 3:1 to 15:1. However, molar ratios of 15:1 or 60:1 induced the binding of multiple FKBP molecules to an unfolded CS molecule (multimeric complex). Disrupting hydrophobic interaction by adding ethylene glycol at a molar ratio of 60:1 ([TcFKBP18] to [CS]) suppressed the formation of this multimeric complex, simultaneously enhancing CS refolding. FK506 also suppressed the formation of the multimeric complex while increasing the chaperone-like activity. These results suggest that the hydrophobic region of TcFKBP18, probably the FK506-binding pocket, was important for the interaction with unfolded proteins. No cross-linked product was detected between TcFKBP18 and native dimeric CS. TcFKBP18 probably traps the unfolded protein, then refolds and releases it in a native form. This FKBP might be important at growth temperatures lower than the optimum in Thermococcus sp. KS-1 cells.
Doppler ophthalmic blood pressure measurement in the hemodynamic evaluation of occlusive carotid artery disease. (1989)

In 102 patients with angiographically proven occlusive carotid artery disease of 60-100% diameter reduction, Doppler ophthalmic artery pressure and blood flow direction were recorded by the recently developed ophthalmomanometry-Doppler technique. Among these 102 patients, 50 presented with complete carotid artery occlusions and 52 with carotid artery diameter stenoses of greater than or equal to 60%. Mean +/- SD Doppler ophthalmic artery pressure was 69 +/- 15 mm Hg ipsilateral to the occlusion and 86 +/- 18 mm Hg ipsilateral to a stenosis of the carotid artery (p less than 0.001). The mean +/- SD Doppler ophthalmic pressure index (ratio of the ophthalmic artery to systemic blood pressure) was lower ipsilateral to the occlusion (0.46 +/- 0.08) than ipsilateral to a carotid artery stenosis (0.54 +/- 0.08; p less than 0.001); in both, the index was clearly diminished compared with normal values (0.68 +/- 0.04; p less than 0.001). It is concluded that the intracranial hemodynamic consequences in the patients with occlusion are on average more profound than in the patients with stenosis. In carotid artery occlusions, the mean +/- SD ipsilateral ophthalmic pressure index was 0.46 +/- 0.06 for antegrade and 0.46 +/- 0.09 for retrograde ophthalmic artery blood flow. In carotid artery stenoses, the mean +/- SD ipsilateral ophthalmic pressure index was 0.55 +/- 0.07 for antegrade and 0.48 +/- 0.06 for retrograde ophthalmic artery blood flow (p less than 0.01). These results indicate that in carotid stenoses the collateral capacity of the ophthalmic artery is insufficient compared with intracranial collaterals, while in carotid occlusions the blood flow direction in the ophthalmic artery does not predict intracranial hemodynamic compensation.
Chemical and enzymatic syntheses of 6-deoxyhexoses. Conversion to 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrofuran-3-one (Furaneol) and analogs (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical and enzymatic syntheses of 6-deoxyhexoses. Conversion to 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrofuran-3-one (Furaneol) and analogsChi Huey Wong, Francois P. Mazenod, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 20, 3493–3497Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00168a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00168a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views676Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Emotion Priming and Attributions for Terrorism: Americans' Reactions in a National Field Experiment (2006)

The terrorist attacks of September 11 elicited many forms of negative affect, including anger and sadness. They also elicited a search for explanations. A national field study that experimentally primed emotion evaluated how priming anger and sadness differentially evoked causal judgments about the attacks. It found that priming anger triggered more causal attributions than did priming sadness. Thus, specific emotions, rather than general negativity, shaped citizens' attributions regarding September 11. In addition to its theoretical implications, the study demonstrates a method for studying ecologically valid emotions, under conditions of experimental control, with a nationally representative sample.
VoIP in 3G networks: an end-to-end quality of service analysis (2004)

This paper presents the results of a quality of service (QoS) study for the VoIP service over 3G WCDMA networks. An end-to-end simulation platform has been used for this purpose. The simulations have been using an adaptive multi-rate (AMR) speech codec at 12.2 kbit/s with combination of RTP, UDP and IPv6 protocols. The simulated transmission path includes two radio links (uplink and downlink), connected with a packet switched core network and UTRAN radio access networks with several different radio transmission conditions. Furthermore, robust header compression is applied in both radio links. The results include buffering statistics, end-to-end delay estimates, and packet loss statistics.
New Derivatives of Vitamin B12 Show Preferential Targeting of Tumors (2008)

Rapidly growing cells show an increased demand for nutrients and vitamins. The objective of our work is to exploit the supply route of vitamin B12 to deliver new derivatives of this vital vitamin to hyperproliferative cells. To date, radiolabeled ((57)Co and (111)In) vitamin B12 derivatives showed labeling of tumor tissue but also undesired high accumulation of radioactivity in normal tissue. By abolishing the interaction of a tailored vitamin B12 derivative to its transport protein transcobalamin II and therefore interrupting transcobalamin II receptor and megalin mediated uptake in normal tissue, preferential accumulation of a radiolabeled vitamin in cancer tissue could be accomplished. We identified transcobalamin I on tumors as a possible new receptor for this preferential accumulation of vitamin-mediated targeting. The low systemic distribution of radioactivity and the high tumor to blood ratio opens the possibility of a more successful clinical application of vitamin B12 for imaging or therapy.
Detection of grey matter loss in mild Alzheimer's disease with voxel based morphometry (2002)

Voxel based morphometry with statistical parametric mapping is sensitive to regional grey matter density reduction in mild Alzheimer's disease.
A two‐component enzyme complex is required for dolichol biosynthesis in tomato (2015)

Dolichol plays an indispensable role in the N-glycosylation of eukaryotic proteins. As proteins enter the secretory pathway they are decorated by a 'glycan', which is preassembled onto a membrane-anchored dolichol molecule embedded within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Genetic and biochemical evidence in yeast and animals indicate that a cis-prenyltransferase (CPT) is required for dolichol synthesis, but also point to other factor(s) that could be involved. In this study, RNAi-mediated suppression of one member of the tomato CPT family (SlCPT3) resulted in a ~60% decrease in dolichol content. We further show that the involvement of SlCPT3 in dolichol biosynthesis requires the participation of a distantly related partner protein, designated as CPT-binding protein (SlCPTBP), which is a close homolog of the human Nogo-B receptor. Yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrate that SlCPT3 and its partner protein interact in vivo and that both SlCPT3 and SlCPTBP are required to complement the growth defects and dolichol deficiency of the yeast dolichol mutant, rer2∆. Co-expression of SlCPT3 and SlCPTBP in yeast and in E. coli confirmed that dolichol synthase activity strictly requires both proteins. Finally, organelle isolation and in vivo localization of fluorescent protein fusions showed that both SlCPT3 and SlCPTBP localize to the ER, the site of dolichol accumulation and synthesis in eukaryotes.
NEUROTROPHINS: Mediators and Modulators of Pain (2006)

The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors are well-known for their effects on neuronal survival and growth. Over the past decade, considerable evidence has accumulated from both humans and animals that one neurotrophin, nerve growth factor (NGF), is a peripheral pain mediator, particularly in inflammatory pain states. NGF is upregulated in a wide variety of inflammatory conditions, and NGF-neutralizing molecules are effective analgesic agents in many models of persistent pain. Such molecules are now being evaluated in clinical trials. NGF regulates the expression of a second neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in nociceptors. BDNF is released when nociceptors are activated, and it acts as a central modulator of pain. The chapter reviews the evidence for these roles (and briefly the effects of other neurotrophins), the range of conditions under which they act, and their mechanism of action.
Route optimum mechanisms for local communication on PMIPv6 (2010)

Route optimization technique helps to optimize the media path and to lessen the propagation delay time between two communicating nodes. For PMIPv6 technology, this route optimization technique is applicable to the scenarios, i.e., a separate MAG scenario and a sharing MAG scenario whose two communication terminals register different LMAs respectively. In this paper, two route optimum mechanisms for local communication on PMIPv6 is presented for forwarding data packets rapidly. For the separate MAG scenario, a bidirectional tunnel is set up between two peer MAGs. A MAG address discovery mechanism is presented because its address is a prerequisite of route optimum in the scenario. An internal binding mechanism is proposed for the route optimum on the sharing MAG scenario. The set up and maintenance of localized routing optimum, which allows forwarding of data packets between mobile nodes and correspondent nodes directly without involvement of the LMA in forwarding, can makes no difference for data packet forward, decrease packet loss, increase throughput or diminish transport delay.
Grand Atlas de la France, Sélection du Reader's Digest, (1969)

David Jean. Grand Atlas de la France, Sélection du Reader's Digest. In: Revue de géographie alpine, tome 57, n°4, 1969. pp. 866-867.
METEOR BURST COMMUNICATION BUOY RELAY TESTS (1988)

Abstract : A meteor burst communications (MBC) link is limited to approximately 1000 nautical miles (nmi). This is due to the physical height at which meteor trails ionize, which is typically 100km + or - 20km, and to the curvature of the earth. Longer range communications can be achieved by using meteor burst relays. Over the oceans, ships at sea can provide the relay function, but are generally not practical for long periods of time if the ship is required for other missions. Another alternative is the use of buoys, which are allowed to drift or are moored to seamounts or to the deep ocean bottom. This paper describes a relatively large MBC relay buoy with remote and master station capability and presents the results of a buoy and ship relay test between San Diego, San Francisco, and Hawaii. The tests demonstrate the feasibility of mounting a battery-powered meteor burst master and remote station system in a buoy and operating it for 6 months. Smaller buoys are possible if needed for only a few short emergency messages or to act as a remote station only, operating within range of master stations so that a large battery is not necessary. During these tests messages were successfully relayed between CONUS and Hawaii, and the relative performance of vertically and horizontally polarized antennas in the seawater environment was observed.
Optimising a vortex fluidic device for controlling chemical reactivity and selectivity (2013)

A vortex fluidic device (VFD) involving a rapidly rotating tube open at one end forms dynamic thin films at high rotational speed for finite sub-millilitre volumes of liquid, with shear within the films depending on the speed and orientation of the tube. Continuous flow operation of the VFD where jet feeds of solutions are directed to the closed end of the tube provide additional tuneable shear from the viscous drag as the liquid whirls along the tube. The versatility of this simple, low cost microfluidic device, which can operate under confined mode or continuous flow is demonstrated in accelerating organic reactions, for model Diels-Alder dimerization of cyclopentadienes, and sequential aldol and Michael addition reactions, in accessing unusual 2,4,6-triarylpyridines. Residence times are controllable for continuous flow processing with the viscous drag dominating the shear for flow rates >0.1 mL/min in a 10 mm diameter tube rotating at >2000 rpm.
Insulin-Sparing Effects of Pancreatic Polypeptide in Congenitally Obese Rodents (1991)

Chronic treatment with bovine pancreatic polypeptide (bPP) is reported to decrease body weight and reduce fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in congenitally obese mice. The present study examines the effects of acute and chronic bPP treatment on insulin release and glucose clearance in lean and obese rodents. After single injections of 0, 5, 50, or 500 micrograms of bPP/kg of body weight, the insulin response to an intragastric glucose meal (5 g/kg of body weight) was substantially inhibited by the two higher doses of bPP. The change in glucose concentration over time was similar among all animals except those receiving the highest dose of bPP (500 micrograms/kg of body weight); in this group, glucose rose to higher levels and was slower to return to basal levels. Chronic treatment of rats with 200 micrograms of bPP/day/kg of body weight for 5 days did not modify glucose or insulin responses to the glucose meal, but did increase the activity of hepatic glycogen synthetase. In contrast, basal glucose levels were lower in obese mice (ob/ob) treated with bPP and glucose clearance was improved in the treated group after injection of exogenous insulin. Islet hormone concentrations in pancreatic extracts were compared in lean and obese mice treated with and without 200 micrograms of bPP/day/kg of body weight for 5 days. The pancreases of obese mice had higher concentrations of insulin and PP, and treatment with exogenous bPP increased endogenous PP in the pancreases of both phenotypes. Treatment with exogenous bPP also increased the insulin content of obese pancreases, but was without effect in pancreases of lean mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)