gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The economic burden of malaria (2001)

Malaria and poverty are intimately connected. Controlling for factors such as tropical location, colonial history, and geographical isolation, countries with intensive malaria had income levels in 1995 of only 33% that of countries without malaria, whether or not the countries were in Africa. The high levels of malaria in poor countries are not mainly a consequence of poverty. Malaria is geographically specific. The ecological conditions that support the more efficient malaria mosquito vectors primarily determine the distribution and intensity of the disease. Intensive efforts to eliminate malaria in the most severely affected tropical countries have been largely ineffective. Countries that have eliminated malaria in the past half century have all been either subtropical or islands. These countries' economic growth in the 5 years after eliminating malaria has usually been substantially higher than growth in the neighboring countries. Cross-country regressions for the 1965-1990 period confirm the relationship between malaria and economic growth. Taking into account initial poverty, economic policy, tropical location, and life expectancy, among other factors, countries with intensive malaria grew 1.3% less per person per year, and a 10% reduction in malaria was associated with 0.3% higher growth. Controlling for many other tropical diseases does not change the correlation of malaria with economic growth, and these diseases are not themselves significantly negatively correlated with economic growth. A second independent measure of malaria has a slightly higher correlation with economic growth in the 1980-1996 period. We speculate about the mechanisms that could cause malaria to have such a large impact on the economy, such as foreign investment and economic networks within the country.
Implementation of a full V32 modem using a single DSP chip (2003)

The implementation of a full V32 modem in which all of the signal processing tasks are carried out by a single Motorola DSP56001 chip is described. This has been achieved with no perceptible effect on performance through careful algorithm design combined with efficient programming. The main emphasis of the present work is on those algorithms that are most computationally intensive, namely the echo cancellation and Viterbi decoding algorithms. A simple but effective technique for coping with the problem of frequency offset on the far echo is described. Some performance results are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Algorithm for Characteristic Parameter Estimation of Gastric Impedance Spectra in Humans (2007)

Impedance spectroscopy has been proposed as a method of monitoring mucosal injury due to hypoperfusion and ischemia in the critically ill. The present paper presents an algorithm developed to calculate the characteristic electrical values that best describe human gastric impedance measurements and simplify the information obtained with this method. An impedance spectroscopy probe and nasogastric tube (ISP/NGT) was placed into the stomach of healthy volunteers, cardiovascular surgery and critically ill patients, and a database with 16199 spectra was obtained. The gastric spectrum forms two semi circles in the complex domain, divided into low frequency (F < 10 kHz) and high frequency (F > 10 kHz). A fitting algorithm was developed based on the Cole model, and central characteristic parameters were calculated. The parameters were validated using the normalized mean squared error and 0.66% of the spectra were discarded. From the experimental data obtained in humans, the greatest changes observed as the gastric mucosa becomes ischemic occur at low frequencies, which are specific and sensitive to tissue damage, and vary with the degree of hypoperfusion.
Biographische Grundlagen (2004)

Als M. am 8. September 1804 in Ludwigsburg geboren wurde, bestand noch das Heilige Römische Reich Deutscher Nation; es wurde zwei Jahre später aufgelöst. Das Herzogtum Württem-berg war 1803, ein Jahr vor M.s Geburt, durch den Reichsdeputationshauptschluss mit beträchtlichem Gebietsgewinn zum Kurfürstentum geworden, Ende 1805 wurde es Königreich und konnte bis 1815 sein Gebiet nochmals deutlich vergrößern. Als M. am 4. Juli 1875 in Stuttgart starb, lag die Gründung des Deutschen Reiches bereits viereinhalb Jahre zurück; Württemberg war einer der Bundesstaaten. Die siebzig Jahre der Lebenszeit M.s umgreifen eine Phase grundlegender und nachhaltig wirksamer Veränderungen. M. war Zeitgenosse eines umfassenden, alle gesellschaftlichen Bereiche betreffenden Vorgangs der Modernisierung, der allgemein als Transformationsprozess von der feudal-ständi-schen zur bürgerlich-kapitalistischen Gesellschaft bezeichnet werden kann.
Molecular Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a Novel Class of Synaptotagmin (Syt XIV) Conserved from Drosophila to Humans (2003)

Synaptotagmins (Syts) represent a large family of putative membrane trafficking proteins found in various species from different phyla. In this study, I identified a novel class of Syt (named Syt XIV) conserved from Drosophila to humans and its highly related molecule, Strep14 (Syt XIV-related protein). Although both Syt XIV and Strep14 belong to the C-terminal-type (C-type) tandem C2 protein family, only Syt XIV has a single transmembrane domain at the N-terminus and a putative fatty-acylation site just downstream of the transmembrane domain. Biochemical analyses have indicated that Syt XIV is a Ca(2+)-independent Syt (e.g., Syts VIII, XII, and XIII) and that, like other Syt family proteins, it is capable of forming a Ca(2+)-independent oligomer. Unlike other Syt isoforms, however, expression of Syt XIV and Strep14 mRNA is highly restricted to mouse heart and testis and absent in the brain, where most other Syts are abundantly expressed, suggesting that Syt XIV and Strep14 may be involved in membrane trafficking in specific tissues outside the brain. I also identified all of the C-type tandem C2 proteins in humans, the mouse, the fruit fly, a nematode, a plant, and a yeast and discuss the molecular evolution of the C-type tandem C2 protein families, including the Syt family, the Syt-like protein (Slp) family, and the Doc2 family.
Vascular Allergy and Its Systemic Manifestations. (1968)

In the foreword, Doctor Harkavy points out his wish "to emphasize that sensitization of the vascular structures may be responsible not only for disease in special organs and tissues but also of the heart and blood vessels as such." He proposes to review these conditions and to correlate their immunologic, pathologic, and clincial aspects. The following titles are representative of the subjects discussed in the 26 chapters of the book: Hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, atopic sensitivity, serum sickness, bacterial infection and hypersensitivity, drug allergy, clinical manifestations of cardiovascular allergy, allergic vasculitis, reversible cardiovascular reactions to foods, infections, drugs and physical agents, tobacco allergy, thromboangiitis obliterans and migrating phlebitis, systemic vascular allergy, periarteritis nodosa, pulmonary eosinophilia, and collagenous diseases. The author draws from a wealth of clinical material for illustrative cases and statistics and cites many key references. The writing is straightforward, the grammar is excellent, and typographic errors are almost nonexistent. Unfortunately,
Structural Phase Transitions of the Polymorphs of CsSnI3 by Means of Rietveld Analysis of the X-Ray Diffraction (1991)

Abstract The successive phase transitions of the polymorphs of CsSnI3 were studied by means of the powder X-ray diffraction and their crystal structures were analyzed at three different temperatures by the Rietveld method.
Pole residue techniques for chipless RFID detection (2009)

By isolating individual notches we were able to show that a distinct modification to a scattering body can predictably create a pole in the scattered field. The pole can be and interpreted as encoded data and used in the retrieval process.
Fermi-Surface Reconstruction in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>CeRh</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Co</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>In</mml:mi><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> (2008)

The evolution of the Fermi surface of CeRh(1-x)CoxIn5 was studied as a function of Co concentration x via measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen effect. By measuring the angular dependence of quantum oscillation frequencies, we identify a Fermi-surface sheet with f-electron character which undergoes an abrupt change in topology as x is varied. Surprisingly, this reconstruction does not occur at the quantum critical concentration x(c), where antiferromagnetism is suppressed to T=0. Instead we establish that this sudden change occurs well below x(c), at the concentration x approximately 0.4, where long-range magnetic order alters its character and superconductivity appears. Across all concentrations, the cyclotron effective mass of this sheet does not diverge, suggesting that critical behavior is not exhibited equally on all parts of the Fermi surface.
Evaluation of Central Nervous System Effects of Passiflora incarnata in Experimental Animals (2003)

Passiflora incarnata Linn. has been used for the treatment of insomnia, anxiety and various other disorders of the CNS since antiquity. Despite a very long history of use, the healing potential and the mode of action of this plant was never described clearly, perhaps due to the controversial identity of P. incarnata with Passiflora edulis Sims. In many references, both these plants were reported and considered to be synonyms of each other and were named passion flower, maracuja or maypops. The key differential parameters reported by the authors enable the selection of the authentic plant, i.e., P. incarnata for the purpose of systematic biological studies. In the present investigations, the methanol extract of leaves of P. incarnata was evaluated for various CNS effects in experimental animals. The methanol extract of leaves of P. incarnata exhibited significant sedative, anticonvulsant and CNS-depressant activities at a dose of 200 mg/kg in mice. The extract also exhibited analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities against acetic acid-induced pain and carrageenan-induced edema, respectively, when evaluated in experimental animals.
Reduction of epitaxial alignment in n <sup>+</sup> -ppoly-Si emitter diode due to gettering of P and As by Ar implantation (2000)

It is demonstrated that Ar implantation can retard the epitaxial realignment of poly-Si/Si in an As- or P-doped n+-p poly-emitter diode during BF2 implantation. This is believed to be due to the gettering of As, P, and F by bubble-like defects created by the Ar implantation used to reduce the pile-up of these dopants at the poly-Si/Si interface. Consequently, there is less break-up of the interface oxide, resulting in a reduction in epitaxial realignment.
Sb-MO<sub><i>x</i></sub>-C (M = Al, Ti, or Mo) Nanocomposite Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2009)

Sb-MOx-C (M = Al, Ti, and Mo) nanocomposites have been synthesized by a mechanochemical reduction of Sb2O3 with, respectively, Al, Ti, and Mo, in the presence of carbon (acetylene black). X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) data reveal that these nanocomposites are composed of uniformly dispersed nanostructured antimony in the amorphous Al2O3, TiO2, or MoO3 matrix, along with conductive carbon. These composite electrodes exhibit excellent electrochemical cycling performance and rate capability in lithium cells, compared to pure antimony. Among the three Sb-MOx-C systems studied, the M = Al system with Al2O3 as the amorphous phase exhibits the best electrochemical performance, offering a capacity of >430 mAh/g after 100 cycles. The improvement in the cycling performance, compared to that of pure antimony, is attributed to a homogeneous distribution of the electrochemically active Sb nanoparticles within the ceramic oxide and conductive carbon matrix, resulting in good electrical contact with the current collector, as well as a mechanical buffering effect on the volume expansion−contraction that occurs during cycling.
Treatment perspectives for the lysosomal storage diseases (2008)

These developments are placed in the contexts of finding rare patients with LSDs, their marked phenotypic spectrum, potential markets, and new orphan drug costs. The confluence of these challenges has led to a competitive environment with the potential for multiple, alternative, expensive treatments for orphan diseases.
Sport Motivation Level of Uttar Pradesh U-19 and Ranji Male Cricket Teams: A Comparative Study (2016)

The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the sports motivation level among under-19 and ranji young male cricket players belonging the state of Uttar Pradesh. A total number of thirty [N=30] professional male players consisting 15 players from each team (U-19 and Ranji) were taken as the subjects for the study. For collecting data, The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-28) questionnaire was used as a test. Scoring was done according to the instructions given in the test manual of the checklist. Getting data to investigate the motivation level between both the teams were statistically analyzed by using two sample ttests for the independent variables at 0.05 level of significance. The outcome of the study concluded that the U.P. under-19 cricket team was more internally motivated while playing the match as compare to the U.P. ranji cricket team. Whereas, there was only one factor (EM- Introjected) where the ranji cricket team was significantly more motivated than the under-19 cricket team during match.
오픈소스를 활용한 프로토타입 제작 중심의 공학,디자인 기반 DOT-LAB 융합교육모델 (2014)

At present, the trend in the direction of the world economy and industrial development is going with focus on creative industry. The British economist John Howkins, in his book ‘The Creative Economy’ published in 2001, said that the future industry would be dominated mainly by creative economy. In this light, we can easily figure out that creative economy and creative industry will play a greatly vital part in Korea`s entrance into the line of developed countries. Such a creative industry might be feasible on the basis of ingenuity; here, ‘Ingenious’ is closer to ‘Applicative’ rather than ‘Creative’. All the countries of the world are making much effort to improve creativity of students predicting that creativity can be improved through education. Hereupon, people often express an ingenious person as a convergence person in Korea. When it comes to mentioning a creative person in modern times, the founder of Apple, Steve Jobs is pointed out as the most representative figure, and Steve Jobs once said in his address in 1995 that ‘Creativity’ is not a task of making something out of nothing but a task of ‘bringing various experiences together.’ Thinking of this comment as a clue, it might be safe to say that creativity is premised on diverse experiences and knowledges. With the perception of its importance, the USA is implementing the STEM education platform, the convergence education constructed in 2007, and in Korea, keeping pace with this trend, STEAM education program (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics) which is established by adding humanistic part to STEM is being carried out. At present, the areas including Technology, Engineering and Arts are very insufficient qualitatively and quantitatively in STEAM platform which is being performed in Korea. Hereupon, this study intends to present an “Engineering Design -based Convergence Education Model for High School Students” with focus on these 3 areas and to present its difference with diverse examples investigated as well as its advancement direction. This study hopes this research work will contribute to engineering design-based high school student`s convergence education, secondary convergence education, and adult convergence education which are to be implemented later.
DNA/protein flow cytometry as a predictive marker of malignancy in dysplasia-free Barrett's esophagus: Thirteen-year follow-up study on a cohort of patients (1998)

Intestinal metaplasia identifies Barrett's esophagus (BE) and is associated with an increased risk for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Dysplasia occurs as an intermediate step. However, progression from metaplasia to neoplasia without the demonstration of dysplasia has been described. The role of dual-parameter flow cytometry (FC) as a predictor of neoplastic risk in dysplasia-free cases was evaluated. DNA/protein FC and histology were performed on 362 samples from 30 dysplasia-free BE patients, followed up since 1985 once every 1-2 years. Nine cases were aneuploid, five of which (group IV) were frankly aneuploid; in the other four cases (group III), aneuploidy was detectable by dual-parameter analysis only. Twenty-one patients were diploid. Twelve (group II) also had an abnormally high G1-phase protein content compared to group I (nine patients), which were diploid with a low-moderate protein content. In three patients of group IV an adenocarcinoma in situ was diagnosed, after 5, 6, and 10 years, respectively. In two patients of group III, a low- and a high-grade dysplasia were observed at 3 and 6 years follow-up, respectively. One patient of group I first acquired a high protein content, then an aneuploid DNA content, and then progressed to adenocarcinoma (12 years). None of the still diploid patients (17 cases) have progressed to dysplasia or cancer compared with 6 of 13 presently aneuploid patients (P < 0.01). In conclusion, DNA/protein FC is a marker of increased malignant potential and thus may be used to detect patients at higher risk in dysplasia-free BE and assist in understanding the various stages of malignant transformation in long-term follow-up studies.
Review: Making Mountains: New York City and the Catskills (2008)

Review: Making Mountains: New York City and the Catskills By David Stradling Reviewed by Peter C. Little Oregon State University, USA Stradling, David. Making Mountains: New York City and the Catskills. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 2007. 311pp. ISBN: 978-0-295-98747-7. US$35.00, hardback. One's first impression of a book entitled Making Mountains might be that it is some geology text with a catchy title. But, what makes Making Mountains: New York City and the Catskills by historian David Stradling different and an engaging read is its focus on and exploration of the bridgeable chasm between the country and the city, the rural and the urban, the metropolis and the mountain chain, places of change and places of assumed stasis. The essence or gravity of Stradling's scholarship is the entanglement or of the rural and the urban that he attempts to keep alive with each chapter and with each page. Making Mountains is not about the imperial take-over of the country by the urban elite, but instead a story about a blending process (p.15) depicting a shaped by many hands, many minds-some urban, some rural, many that were both. And so this work reveals no conspiratorial power of the city over the country-no real empire (ibid.). With its close ties to and tensions with the work of cultural historian and literary critic Raymond Williams, particularly his influential The Country and the City (1978), this book is as much a personal memoir as it is a scholarly work with theoretical import in rural-urban relations discussions and debates. With family roots in the Catskill region and a keen knowledge of the environmental and cultural history of this rural territory of New York, Stradling cleverly connects his interest in his own family history with his commitment to constructing a responsible historical account of the Catskills economy and landscape vis-a-vis the natural and cultural demands of New York City. Making Mountains contains chapters dedicated to a variety of forces marking the Catskill landscape, including natural resources, industry, art, adventure, and tourism. Neither is entirely autonomous and it is their combined influence that seems to be critical to this piece of scholarship. As a terrain that helped shape early 19th century American conceptions of nature; as a landscape visually captured, reconfigured, idealized, and even mythified by the enthusiastic flood of Hudson River School painters (e. …
TNFR gene-modified mesenchymal stem cells attenuate inflammation and cardiac dysfunction following MI (2008)

The experimental data show that transplantation with rAAV-TNFR transfected MSCs improves left ventricular function following MI through anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
Microstrip triangular patch resonator filters (2002)

In this paper we present some results of a primary development of microstrip bandpass filters comprised of triangular patch resonators for high temperature superconducting (HTS), micromachined circuits and other applications. Advantages of a triangular patch resonator filter are not only its higher capability of power handling, but also its natural circuit topology that can inherently implement finite-frequency transmission zeros in a simple cascading structure. In order to have the transmission zeros on the either side of the passband, two different resonant modes of triangular patch resonators are employed. Two three-pole filters of this type, which may form the basic units for higher order filters, are for the first time demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally.
Development of a Prototype Precision Spot Spray System Using Image Analysis and Plant Identification Technology (2009)

A project funded by the Australian Sugar Research and Development Corporation aimed to increase sugarcane production through cost effective automated precision weed spraying. The project developed a precision imaging system that could be integrated with current spraying systems to specifically target difficult to control weeds such as guinea grass/green panic. The technology is capable of differentiating weeds from sugarcane in the row area and actuating a spray solenoid so that only the weeds are sprayed with herbicide in a single pass and with minimal over-spraying of the crop. The precision imaging and spot spraying technology demonstrated proof-of-concept and a cost benefit analysis of the new weed control system indicated potential grower savings. \nThis paper will report on a review of appropriate technologies, description of the prototype sugarcane image analysis system and algorithms, assessment of accuracy of weed identification and an evaluation of system costs and performance.\n
A picosecond accuracy timing system based on L1-only GNSS receivers for a large aperture array radar (2008)

During the development of EISCAT_3D, a Large Aperture Array Radar (LAAR), with direct sampling at each antenna element and constituted of up to 16.000 antenna elements, intended for atmospheric res ...