gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin as a biomarker of systemic inflammatory response in smoker patients with stable and exacerbation phases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2008)

Adiponectin may be a marker of low-grade systemic inflammatory response in COPD. A further rise in serum adiponectin in the exacerbation period denotes that this may also be a biomarker of the exacerbation phase as well as CRP and ESR.
Hepatocyte growth factor and the Met system as a mediator of tumor–stromal interactions (2006)

Crosstalk between carcinoma cells and host stromal cells such as fibroblasts has a great deal of influence on the invasive and metastatic behavior of cancer cells. The oncogenic action of fibroblasts has been demonstrated through genetic alterations that occur specifically in fibroblasts. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a ligand for the Met receptor tyrosine kinase, plays a definitive role, particularly in the progression to invasive and metastatic cancers, predominantly as a stroma-derived paracrine mediator. Many types of cancer cells secrete molecules that enhance HGF production in fibroblasts, while fibroblast-derived HGF, in turn, is a potent stimulator of the invasion of cancer cells. Fibroblast-specific genetic alterations leading to an overexpression of HGF are associated with the development of epithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma. Strategies for targeting the HGF-Met axis are being pursued, in attempts to block the malignant behavior of cancers. In normal tissues, the HGF-Met axis plays diverse roles in organogenesis and in wound healing. The simile that "cancer is a never-healing wound" appears to be pertinent here.
Is there a Link between Vitamin B and Multiple Sclerosis? (2018)

There is an urgent need for larger studies to determine the role of vitamin B supplementation alone, or in combination with other therapeutic agents, in prevention or reversal of MS, and aid in improved quality of life of MS patients.
Effect of Admixtures, Chlorides, and Moisture on Dielectric Properties of Portland Cement Concrete in the Low Microwave Frequency Range (1998)

The use of electromagnetic waves as a nondestructive evaluation technique to evaluate Portland cement concrete (PCC) structures is based on the principle that a change in the structure, composition, or properties of PCC results in a change in its dielectric properties. The coaxial transmission line is one of the few devices that can measure the dielectric properties of PCC at a frequency range of 100-1000 MHz. A coaxial transmission line developed at Virginia Tech was used to study the effect of moisture, type of aggregate, water/cement ratio, curing period, admixture type (microsilica, superplasticizer, and shrinkage admixture), and chloride content on the dielectric properties of PCC. Measurements were conducted in the time domain and converted to the frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform. The research found that an increase in the moisture content of PCC resulted in an increase in the dielectric constant. Mixes containing limestone aggregate had a greater dielectric constant than those containing granite. The dielectric constant decreased with curing period due to the reduction in free water availability. Mixes containing higher water/cement ratios exhibited a higher dielectric constant, especially in the initial curing period. The admixtures did not significantly affect the dielectric constant after one day of curing. After 28 days of curing, however, all three admixtures had an effect on the measured dielectric constant as compared to control mixes. Chloride content had a significant effect on the loss part of the dielectric constant especially during early curing. A relationship was also established between the chloride permeability (based on conductance measurements) of PCC and its dielectric constant after 75 days of moist curing.
<i>FRD3</i> Controls Iron Localization in Arabidopsis (2004)

The frd3 mutant of Arabidopsis exhibits constitutive expression of its iron uptake responses and is chlorotic. These phenotypes are consistent with defects either in iron deficiency signaling or in iron translocation and localization. Here we present several experiments demonstrating that a functional FRD3 gene is necessary for correct iron localization in both the root and shoot of Arabidopsis plants. Reciprocal grafting experiments with frd3 and wild-type Arabidopsis plants reveal that the phenotype of a grafted plant is determined by the genotype of the root, not by the genotype of the shoot. This indicates that FRD3 function is root-specific and points to a role for FRD3 in delivering iron to the shoot in a usable form. When grown under certain conditions, frd3 mutant plants overaccumulate iron in their shoot tissues. However, we demonstrate by direct measurement of iron levels in shoot protoplasts that intracellular iron levels in frd3 are only about one-half the levels in wild type. Histochemical staining for iron reveals that frd3 mutants accumulate high levels of ferric iron in their root vascular cylinder, the same tissues in which the FRD3 gene is expressed. Taken together, these results clearly indicate a role for FRD3 in iron localization in Arabidopsis. Specifically, FRD3 is likely to function in root xylem loading of an iron chelator or other factor necessary for efficient iron uptake out of the xylem or apoplastic space and into leaf cells.
Sharing network logs for computer forensics: a new tool for the anonymization of netflow records (2005)

The authors have begun to address the problem of anonymized data with the development of a new prototype tool CANINE: Converter and ANonymizer for Investigating Netflow Events. Originally, just a NetFlow converter, CANINE has been adapted to anonymize 8 of the most common fields found in all NetFlow formats. Most of these fields can be anonymized in multiple ways providing trade-offs between security and utility. This is the first tool the authors are aware of that supports many levels of anonymization and is the only NetFlow anonymizer of which we are aware - besides a previous, less advanced tool they developed. This article is organized as follows. part 2 discusses related work in log anonymization. Part 3 discusses CANINE's anonymization algorithms and design decisions in depth. Finally, part 4 concludes and presents future work on CANINE and the anonymization of other log types.
Weight loss regulates inflammation‐related genes in white adipose tissue of obese subjects (2004)

Adipose tissue produces inflammation and immunity molecules suspected to be involved in obesity-related complications. The pattern of expression and the nutritional regulation of these molecules in humans are poorly understood. We analyzed the gene expression profiles of subcutaneous white adipose tissue from 29 obese subjects during very low calorie diet (VLCD) using cDNA microarray and reverse transcription quantitative PCR. The patterns of expression were compared with that of 17 non-obese subjects. We determined whether the regulated genes were expressed in adipocytes or stromavascular fraction cells. Gene expression profiling identified 100 inflammation-related transcripts that are regulated in obese individuals when eating a 28 day VLCD but not a 2 day VLCD. Cluster analysis showed that the pattern of gene expression in obese subjects after 28 day VLCD was closer to the profile of lean subjects than to the pattern of obese subjects before VLCD. Weight loss improves the inflammatory profile of obese subjects through a decrease of proinflammatory factors and an increase of anti-inflammatory molecules. The genes are expressed mostly in the stromavascular fraction of adipose tissue, which is shown to contain numerous macrophages. The beneficial effect of weight loss on obesity-related complications may be associated with the modification of the inflammatory profile in adipose tissue.
Le tabagisme des étudiants en médecine en Tunisie : tendances des comportements et des attitudes (1996)

L’impact des etudes de medecine sur les connaissances, les attitudes et le comportement des etudiants en medecine tunisiens vis-a-vis du tabagisme a ete evalue au cours d’une etude de type enquetes transversales repetees, menee a deux reprises aupres d’etudiants inscrits en premiere annee en 1987 a la faculte de Medecine de Tunis et de Sfax. La premiere serie d’enquetes a porte sur 257 etudiants inscrits en premiere annee de medecine, la deuxieme a ete realisee en 1993, sur 211 etudiants en fin d’etudes (5e annee, 1re et 2e annee d’internat). Le taux de reponses aux questionnaires a ete de 95 %. Cinquante-quatre pour cent des personnes interrogees etaient de sexe masculin. Le taux de fumeurs quotidiens parmi eux est passe de 19,2 % en 1er annee a 38,9 % en derniere annee de medecine. Chez les filles, ou le taux de fumeuses est negligeable (< 2%), le taux de fumeuses occasionnelles a augmente pour passer de 5,5 % en 1re annee a 12,4 % en derniere annee. Le taux de sujets ex-fumeurs chez les femmes est passe de 4,6 % en 1re annee a 13,4 % en fin d’etudes et, pour les hommes, il s’est eleve de 6,2 a 16,8 %. Parmi les etudiants de 1re annee, 64,8 % ont fait au moins une tentative serieuse pour arreter de fumer, ils etaient 50 % en fin d’etudes. Au niveau des connaissances, le role du tabac a ete sous-estime dans la genese de certaines pathologies telles que le cancer de la vessie, l’emphyseme pulmonaire, la pathologie des coronaires. Les connaissances des mesures legislatives et reglementaires de lutte contre le tabac sont demeurees fragmentaires en fin d’etudes de medecine.
Full system nickel-metal hydride battery packs for hybrid electric vehicle applications (2003)

The development of Ovonic nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries developed by Ovonic Battery Company, a Subsidiary of Energy Conversion Devices, has led to the introduction of the first commercial hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), the Toyota Prius and the Honda Insight. All three American domestic automakers have also announced plans to produce HEV sport utility vehicles, more suited to the American market, and with an even greater positive impact on fuel conservation and environmental emissions. Novel water-cooled Ovonic Ni-MH BEV batteries aimed at these applications have been developed with a specific power in excess of 1000 W/kg. Full systems development has provided for production prototype battery packs complete with mechanical packaging, thermal management, electrical power interconnects, and electronic controls meeting vehicle manufacturer requirements. Our manufacturing joint venture with Chevron Texaco, Texaco Ovonic Battery Systems, is expanding its production facilities to meet the market needs for hybrid electric vehicles in North America.
Meaning in the Numberline (1979)

William Blake said &quot;if the doorways to perception were cleansed, the world would appear to man as it really is--infinite. &quot; It is our good for-tune that the world does not appear to us in its infinite state; we should be overwhelmed by its vastness if we did not have, as Blake put it &quot;door-ways to perception &quot; by which the information present in&apos;the world &quot;out there &quot; is selected and classified, as it enters our inner world of experi-ence. Blake&apos;s 19th Century poetic statement finds modern scientific expression in Russell DeValois &apos; (1966) recent experiments, which explicit-ly show the neurological mechanisms by which an infinite visual spectrum is categorized into separate colors. Indeed, such neuro-perceptual mechanisms are doorways to perception in providing structure to an other-wise infinite world. Take, for example, the following design, ana1yzab1e from any number I of different perspectives. The two perspectives I shall describe, however,
Estimating the Burden of Disease Attributable to Four Selected Environmental Risk Factors in South Africa (2010)

This study highlights the public health impact of exposure to environmental risks and the significant burden of preventable disease attributable to exposure to these four major environmental risk factors in South Africa. Evidence-based policies and programs must be developed and implemented to address these risk factors at individual, household, and community levels.
Extraction and Purification of Squalene from <i>Amaranthus</i> Grain (2001)

Grain amaranth has been suggested as an alternative to marine animals as a natural source of squalene. Oil contents, squalene contents, and fatty acid profiles were determined in 11 genotypes of four grain amaranth species. Although the oil contents of grain amaranth were low (from 5.1% in Amaranthus tricolor to 7.7% in Amaranthus cruentus) as compared to other oil-containing grains, high concentrations of squalene were found in total lipids, ranging from 3.6% in Amaranthus hypochondriacus to 6.1% in A. tricolor. The major fatty acids in Amaranthus oil consisted of palmitic acid (19.1-23.4%), oleic acid (18.7-38.9%), and linoleic acid (36.7-55.9%). A high degree of unsaturation was observed in Amaranthus oils, with S/U ratios of 0.26-0.32. A method to isolate and purify the squalene from Amaranthus oil was developed. After the saponification of K112, the squalene content increased from 4.2% in the crude oil to 43.3% in the unsaponifiables by the removal of the saponifiables. The unsaponifiables were fractionated by silica gel column chromatography to get highly purified squalene. The squalene purity in certain fractions was as high as 98%. Combining the fractions rich in squalene gave a 94% squalene concentrate, with a yield of 90%. The structure of squalene in the purified sample was confirmed by comparison of its ultraviolet spectrum with a standard and from its nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
100% (single-fold) vs. CDP (multifold) with today’s budgets (1986)

Because of recent and drastic reductions in exploration budgets, geophysicists need alternatives to the high costs of acquiring common depth point (CDP) data. One is readily available — the old 100% data, much of which is on file somewhere in the industry’s extensive archives. In areas of good record quality, the old data can be turned, via sophisticated modern processing methods, into useful seismic sections. Frequently, the cost will be just 5–10 percent of the cost of obtaining new CDP data.
Practical Synthesis of 4-Chloro-2-(2-naphthyl)quinoline, a Precursor to Triple-Helix DNA Intercalators (1997)

Several synthetic approaches to the title compound and analogs have been evaluated. This compound is a practical precursor to N-substituted 2-(2-naphthyl)quinolin-4-amines, the triple-helix DNA specific intercalators.
Glycosylation profiles determine extravasation and disease-targeting properties of armed antibodies (2015)

The ability of antibodies to extravasate out of blood vessels is critical for therapeutic activity, because molecular targets for most diseases are located outside of the endothelial lining. By performing detailed biodistribution studies with a novel IL9-armed cancer-specific antibody, we identified a clear correlation between N-linked glycan structures and tumor-targeting efficiencies. Site-specific glycan analysis provided a detailed view of the glycan microheterogeneity present on the IL9 portion of the recombinant protein. Nonsialylated glycan structures have a negative impact on disease-homing activity, highlighting the importance of glycosylation control and characterization during process development.
Carbonate Cycles, Pillara Formation (Devonian), Canning Basin, Western Australia1 (1973)

ABSTRACT The Devonian Pillara Formation in the Canning Basin, Western Australia, contains carbonate cycles of 2 basic types: Type A cycles --- consist of, in descending order: 2) limestone with cryptalgal and fenestral fabric, 1) stromatoporoid biostrome (up to 3 metres thick) containing (iii) Amphipora limestone at the top, (ii) Stachyodes limestone, (i) subspherical-stromatoporoid limestone; rests on cryptalgal and fenestral limestone of previous cycle. Type B cycles --- consist of, in descending order: 3) limestone with cryptalgal and fenestral fabric, 2) stromatoporoid biostrome (up to 10 metres thick) containing (iii) poorly developed Stachyodes limestone at the top, (ii) subspherical-stromatoporoid limestone, (i) tabular-stromatoporoid limestone, 1) skeletal-fragment limestone. Type B cycles differ from Type A in having skeletal-fragment and tabular-stromatoporoid limestone, and lacking Amphipora limestone. The type section of the Pillara Formation contains approximately 70 cycles. Type A cycles are typical of the lower part of the formation whereas Type B cycles occur in the upper part of the unit. Cycles reflect periodic rapid subsidence (or sea-level rise) followed by shoaling sedimentation under relatively stable sea-level conditions. Upward shoaling is accompanied by increasing biotic restriction and decreasing energy conditions. Limestone with cryptalgal and fenestral fabrics are tidal-flat facies which provide approximate sea-level datums that may be used to estimate maximum water depths of other cycle lithofacies. Water depths during deposition of Type A cycles were relatively shallow (less than 3 m) whereas maximum water depths during deposition of Type B cycles reached 10 m or more. 1 Manuscript received July 20, 1972. 2 Department of Geology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia. This paper is an early result of investigations of Devonian limestones in the Canning Basin, being carried out in the Department of Geology, University of Western Australia as Research Project 52402572MT. The project is supervised by Brian W. Logan and is funded by grants from West Australian Petroleum Pty. Ltd. The author acknowledges the use of field maps, age data and background information made available by WAPET, and helpful discussions with R. I. Alexander Jr. and D. A. Lyons. The manuscript was critically read by Brian W. Logan and V. Semeniuk. End_Page 38-------------------------
Detection and application of influence rankings in small group meetings (2006)

We address the problem of automatically detecting participant's influence levels in meetings. The impact and social psychological background are discussed. The more influential a participant is, the more he or she influences the outcome of a meeting. Experiments on 40 meetings show that application of statistical (both dynamic and static) models while using simply obtainable features results in a best prediction performance of 70.59\\% when using a static model, a balanced training set, and three discrete classes: high, normal and low. Application of the detected levels are shown in various ways i.e. in a virtual meeting environment as well as in a meeting browser system.
ELECTROCHEMICAL PREPARATION OF ISOCYANIDE COMPLEXES OF LOW-VALENT PLATINUM CONTAINING A METAL–METAL BOND (1985)

Abstract The potentiostatic reduction of cis-PtCl2(RNC)2 (3a:R = 2,4-t-Bu2-6-MeC6H2; 3b: R = 2,4,6-t-Bu3C6H2; 3c: R = 2,6-Me2C6H3) were carried out on a mercury pool electrode in CH3CN. The one-electron reduction (96.5 kC/mol) of 3a and 3b gave [PtCl(RNC)2]2 (4a and 4b). An X-ray analysis of 4a showed that the two PtCl(RNC)2 planes jointed by a Pt-Pt bond were perpendicular. The two-electron reductions (2×96.5 kC/mol) of 3a and 3b gave Hg[Pt3(RNC)6]2 and Pt3(RNC)6, respectively. Electrolysis of 3c gave only Hg[Pt3(2,6-MeC6H3NC)6]2.
Sources of Conductivity and Doping Limits in CdO from Hybrid Density Functional Theory (2011)

CdO has been studied for decades as a prototypical wide band gap transparent conducting oxide with excellent n-type ability. Despite this, uncertainty remains over the source of conductivity in CdO and over the lack of p-type CdO, despite its valence band maximum (VBM) being high with respect to other wide band gap oxides. In this article, we use screened hybrid DFT to study intrinsic defects and hydrogen impurities in CdO and identify for the first time the source of charge carriers in this system. We explain why the oxygen vacancy in CdO acts as a shallow donor and does not display negative-U behavior similar to all other wide band gap n-type oxides. We also demonstrate that p-type CdO is not achievable, as n-type defects dominate under all growth conditions. Lastly, we estimate theoretical doping limits and explain why CdO can be made transparent by a large Moss-Burstein shift caused by suitable n-type doping.
Restorations of real defocused images using blur models based on geometrical and diffraction optics (2002)

Out-of-focus blur models that have traditionally been used in image restoration are based on geometrical optics. Continuous-focus blurs based on the principles of diffraction optics are reviewed, and their discrete representation is discussed. Restorations are carried out by using both types of blur models for defocused images blurred in a CCD (charge-coupled-device) camera with pixel resolution equal to 6.8 mu . The differences between the restorations performed by using both types of PSF (point-spread-function) models are not significant. The accuracy of the representation of the PSF generated by using diffraction optics and the resulting restoration quality are linked to the pixel resolution.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Research of mobile applications-oriented peer-to-peer context-aware mechanism (2010)

Mobility and distribution are the key characteristics of pervasive computing environment. It is an inevitable problem for mobile applications how to find available context in a distributed context-aware system. This paper proposes a context-aware mechanism to enable mobile applications to be bound up with different agents adapting to the changing location of mobile applications. The mechanism relies on a distributed peer-to-peer architecture. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the context-aware mechanism gets advantage over CTK(Context Toolkit) in load balance and service response time.
An Examination of Investigations by Dr Maurice Fishberg and Professor Franz Boas Dealing with Measurements of Jews in New York (1936)

G. M. Morant, Otto Samson, An Examination of Investigations by Dr Maurice Fishberg and Professor Franz Boas Dealing with Measurements of Jews in New York, Biometrika, Vol. 28, No. 1/2 (Jun., 1936), pp. 1-31
Sickle cell disease: a neglected chronic disease of increasing global health importance (2014)

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a single gene disorder causing a debilitating systemic syndrome characterised by chronic anaemia, acute painful episodes, organ infarction and chronic organ damage and by a significant reduction in life expectancy. The origin of SCD lies in the malarial regions of the tropics where carriers are protected against death from malaria and hence enjoy an evolutionary advantage. More recently, population migration has meant that SCD now has a worldwide distribution and that a substantial number of children are born with the condition in higher-income areas, including large parts of Europe and North and South America. Newborn screening, systematic clinical follow-up and prevention of sepsis and organ damage have led to an increased life expectancy among people with SCD in many such countries; however, in resource-limited settings where the majority continue to be born, most affected children continue to die in early childhood, usually undiagnosed, due to the lack of effective programmes for its early detection and treatment. As new therapies emerge, potentially leading to disease amelioration or cure, it is of paramount importance that the significant burden of SCD in resource-poor countries is properly recognised.