gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reconfigurable photonic crystals enabled by pressure-responsive shape-memory polymers (2015)

Smart shape-memory polymers can memorize and recover their permanent shape in response to an external stimulus (for example, heat). They have been extensively exploited for a wide spectrum of applications ranging from biomedical devices to aerospace morphing structures. However, most of the existing shape-memory polymers are thermoresponsive and their performance is hindered by heat-demanding programming and recovery steps. Although pressure is an easily adjustable process variable such as temperature, pressure-responsive shape-memory polymers are largely unexplored. Here we report a series of shape-memory polymers that enable unusual 'cold' programming and instantaneous shape recovery triggered by applying a contact pressure at ambient conditions. Moreover, the interdisciplinary integration of scientific principles drawn from two disparate fields--the fast-growing photonic crystal and shape-memory polymer technologies--enables fabrication of reconfigurable photonic crystals and simultaneously provides a simple and sensitive optical technique for investigating the intriguing shape-memory effects at nanoscale.
Novel, Gasketless, Interconnect Using Parallel Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Modular Microfluidic Systems (2011)

A novel, modular, microfluidic interconnect was developed using parallel superhydrophobic interfaces to facilitate the transport of fluids between component chips in modular microfluidic systems. A static analytical model, derived from the Laplace equation [1], approximates the maximum steady-state pressure of the liquid at the liquid bridge which forms across the gap between the chips. Preliminary experiments using parallel superhydrophobic surfaces on PMMA validated the concept. Additional experiments controlled the gap distance, measured contact angles of the superhydrophobic surfaces, gradually increased the pressure of the novel, gasketless, interconnect until rupture to find the maximum pressure across the liquid bridge and verify the model. The measured pressures were on the same order of magnitude (1–10 kPa) as estimated using the model for gap distances of 25 μm and 100 μm.
Narrowband angle modulations in induction motor complex current vectors (2009)

Periodically time-varying loads such as reciprocating compressors produce torque and speed variations in grid-connected induction motors that are used to drive them. In each compression cycle, the torque and speed variations manifest themselves through periodic pulsations in induction motor's complex current vectors. Based on the concept of narrowband angle modulations, this paper analyzes the complex current vector's behavior in a typical motor-compressor system. Carson's rule is introduced to establish an empirical relationship between the complex current vector's bandwidth and the modulating frequency induced by the compressor. By reconstructing complex current vectors from raw experimental data through application of digital filters with different bandwidths, narrowband angle modulations and Carson's rule are experimentally validated.
Protein Kinase MARK/PAR-1 Is Required for Neurite Outgrowth and Establishment of Neuronal Polarity (2002)

Protein kinases of the microtubule affinity-regulating kinase (MARK) family were originally discovered because of their ability to phosphorylate certain sites in tau protein (KXGS motifs in the repeat domain). This type of phosphorylation is enhanced in abnormal tau from Alzheimer brain tissue and causes the detachment of tau from microtubules. MARK-related kinases (PAR-1 and KIN1) occur in various organisms and are involved in establishing and maintaining cell polarity. Herein, we report the ability of MARK2 to affect the differentiation and outgrowth of cell processes from neuroblastoma and other cell models. MARK2 phosphorylates tau protein at the KXGS motifs; this results in the detachment of tau from microtubules and their destabilization. The formation of neurites in N2a cells is blocked if MARK2 is inactivated, either by transfecting a dominant negative mutant, or by MARK2 inhibitors such as hymenialdisine. Alternatively, neurites are blocked if the target KXGS motifs on tau are rendered nonphosphorylatable by point mutations. The results suggest that MARK2 contributes to the plasticity of microtubules needed for neuronal polarity and the growth of neurites.
A serum‐free defined medium capable of supporting growth of four established human prostatic carcinoma cell lines (1994)

This paper describes a serum-free defined medium (Gc) that was initially designed to support growth of the human prostatic carcinoma cell line LNCaP. Our studies indicate that this medium formulation is capable of supporting short-term, long-term, and clonal growth of the LNCaP cell line. Component deletion experiments have shown that the three most critical components for LNCaP short-term growth are insulin, triiodothyronine (T3), and fetuin. Additionally, this medium was found to support short-term and clonal growth of three other human prostatic carcinoma cell lines, DU 145, PC-3, and ALVA-31. The availability of such a medium should aid in the distinction of the regulatory factors involved in growth and differentiation of malignant prostatic epithelium.
Versuche zur präparativen Isolierung pflanzlicher Zellorganellen mittels der trägerfreien, kontinuierlichen Ablenkungselektrophorese (1964)

Es wird eine präparative Methode zur Isolierung pflanzlicher Zellbestandteile mittels der trägerfreien, kontinuierlichen Ablenkungselektrophorese nach HANNIG 1, 2 kurz skizziert. Als Versuchsmaterial dienen Blätter von Spinat (Spinacia oleracea L.), Sonnenblumen (Helianthus annus L.) und Löwenzahn (Taraxacum officinale Web.). Die Verteilungskurven werden durch Extinktionsmessung der einzelnen Fraktionen in den Auffanggläschen erhalten. Die Definition der Teilchen erfolgt vorläufig morphologisch durch Anfärben und lichtmikroskopische Prüfung als auch durch elektronenmikroskopische Kontrolle nach vorheriger Präparation nach dem „negativ staining“ Verfahren 3,4 oder Kontrastierung mit Phosphorwolframsäure. Bei der Trennung werden Zellkerne und Zellkernfragmente, ganze Chloroplasten, „Mitochondrien“ und plasmatische Strukturen erhalten.
High pressure polymerization of ethylene and rheological behavior of polyethylene product (1994)

Abstract A mathematical model of the high pressure polymerization of ethylene in tubular reactors was tested with experimental data obtained from an industrial size tubular reactor. Series of experiments involving changes in operating conditions were carried out, and process data and polyethylene samples were collected. The collected samples were characterized for their molecular weight distributions and various rheological material functions involving shear and extensional flows. The findings of the model were compared against the generated process data and the molecular weight distributions of the samples. The determined rheological behavior exhibited strong dependence on the primary characteristics of the resins. Overall, this study should introduce a better understanding of the interactions between high pressure reaction conditions and the primary properties of polyethylene, including moments of molecular weight distribution and extent of branching on one hand and the interrelationships between primary properties and the rheological behavior of the high pressure polyethylene product on the other hand.
Resident Psychosocial Performance: A Brief Report (1991)

This study investigated the psychosocial skills of 55 family practice residents conducting patient interviews in actual clinical settings. Results indicated that resident performance was at least adequate, demonstrating competence in basic interpersonal and medical interviewing skills on the majority of categories rated. However, residents performed less well in areas of greater psychosocial complexity, in particular in addressing the meaning or implications of illness with patients and families. Sex differences between male and female residents were also explored and in general found to be nonsignificant, although women residents tended to perform somewhat better in terms of empathy, open-ended questions, and reassurance.
Genome-wide protective response used by group A <i>Streptococcus</i> to evade destruction by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (2003)

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) evades polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) phagocytosis and killing to cause human disease, including pharyngitis and necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating syndrome). We show that GAS genes differentially regulated during phagocytic interaction with human PMNs comprise a global pathogen-protective response to innate immunity. GAS prophage genes and genes involved in virulence, oxidative stress, cell wall biosynthesis, and gene regulation were up-regulated during PMN phagocytosis. Genes encoding novel secreted proteins were up-regulated, and the proteins were produced during human GAS infections. We discovered an essential role for the Ihk-Irr two-component regulatory system in evading PMN-mediated killing and promoting host-cell lysis, processes that would facilitate GAS pathogenesis. Importantly, the irr gene was highly expressed during human GAS pharyngitis. We conclude that a complex pathogen genetic program circumvents human innate immunity to promote disease. The gene regulatory program revealed by our studies identifies previously undescribed potential vaccine antigens and targets for therapeutic interventions designed to control GAS infections.
Pregabalin in acute and chronic pain (2011)

Pregabalin is a gamma-amino-butyric acid analog shown to be effective in several models of neuropathic pain, incisional injury, and inflammatory injury. In this review, the role of pregabalin in acute postoperative pain and in chronic pain syndromes has been discussed. Multimodal perioperative analgesia with the use of gabapentinoids has become common. Based on available evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis, the perioperative administration of pregabalin reduces opioid consumption and opioid-related adverse effects in the first 24 h following surgery. Postoperative pain intensity is however not consistently reduced by pregabalin. Adverse effects like visual disturbance, sedation, dizziness, and headache are associated with higher doses. The advantage of the perioperative use of pregabalin is so far limited to laparoscopic, gynecological, and daycare surgeries which are not very painful. The role of the perioperative administration of pregabalin in preventing chronic pain following surgery, its efficacy in more painful surgeries and surgeries done under regional anesthesia, and the optimal dosage and duration of perioperative pregabalin need to be studied. The efficacy of pregabalin in chronic pain conditions like painful diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, central neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia has been demonstrated.
Arise: operating PCTE over a wide-area network (1993)

A case study in which the feasibility of operating the Portable Common Tools Environment (PCTE) across a wide-area network was determined as part of the Arise project is discussed. Simple benchmarks and experiments with a configuration-management application indicate that a wide-area PCTE is feasible, provided there is a suitable data-distribution strategy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Design Of Low-Noise Arrays Of MOSFETS For Pyroelectric Array Readout, (LAMPAR) (1987)

Pyroelectric detector arrays, linear and two dimensional, are of interest for many infrared applications. In this paper, a low-noise readout design using MOSFET arrays (LAMPAR) is proposed and analysed, and the noise performance presented. The design is being successfully implemented in several hybrid array programmes.
Hierarchically porous sheath–core graphene-based fiber-shaped supercapacitors with high energy density (2017)

Hierarchically porous, micropore-domain graphene-based fiber-shaped supercapacitors show high energy density.
Columnar Mesophase Formation of Cyclohexa‐<i>m</i>‐phenylene‐Based Macrocycles (2006)

Two novel discotic macrocycles, substituted cyclohexa-m-phenylene (CHP) and cyclo-3,6-trisphenanthrylene (CTP), and the linear oligomer 3,3':6',3''-terphenanthrene (TP) as a model substance have been synthesized by repetitive cross-coupling reactions. To correlate the molecular design with the supramolecular architecture and the established macroscopic order, 2D wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments were performed on mechanically extruded filaments. At room temperature in their crystalline phases, all three compounds revealed columnar assemblies in which the macrocycles self-organized by pi-stacking interactions. The degree of macroscopic order was found to depend upon the planarity and stiffness of the aromatic core. The flexible CHP ring showed a poor macroscopic order of the columnar structures and a low isotropization temperature, whereas the more-planar, less-flexible CTP self-assembled into well-defined superstructures. The larger pi-stacking area and the more-pronounced intermolecular interactions for CTP led to the formation of a mesophase over a very large temperature range. The surprising columnar organization of the "open" TP system was explained by back-folding of the molecule into a ringlike structure.
Absorption of sulfur dioxide by molten carbonates (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAbsorption of sulfur dioxide by molten carbonatesRobert A. McIlroy, Glenn A. Atwood, and Coleman J. MajorCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1973, 7, 11, 1022–1028Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60083a009https://doi.org/10.1021/es60083a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Magnetic Tweezers for Single-Molecule Manipulation (2011)

Magnetic tweezers provide a versatile tool enabling the application of force and torque on individual biomolecules. Magnetic tweezers are uniquely suited to the study of DNA topology and protein-DNA interactions that modify DNA topology. Perhaps due to its presumed simplicity, magnetic tweezers instrumentation has been described in less detail than comparable techniques. Here, we provide a comprehensive description and guide for the design and implementation of a magnetic tweezers instrument for single-molecule measurements of DNA topology and mechanics. We elucidate magnetic trap design, as well as microscope and illumination setup, and provide a simple LabVIEW-based real-time position tracking algorithm. In addition, we provide procedures for production of supercoilable DNA tethers, flow-cell design, and construction tips.
An algebra of geometric shapes (1993)

A simple algebra of shapes with 2D planar regions is developed. The fact that a 2D region can be completely described by a one-dimensional, closed-boundary curve if it is homogeneous is used in the presented approach, which first converts the spatial description of the closed curve into an equivalent Fourier series description and then uses the Fourier-description to define binary composition operations that combine two planar shapes to form another planar shape. It is shown how the geometric system comprising the set of all planar shapes and the composition operations can be mapped onto the algebraic system of linear/vector space.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis over Supported Metals (1970)

Abstract The subject of catalytic hydrogenolysis is a broad one, referring in general to a class of catalytic reactions involving the rupture of chemical bonds via interaction with hydrogen.
Discontinuous pulse width modulation methods with neutral point voltage balancing for three phase Vienna rectifiers (2015)

This paper presents two discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM) methods for three phase Vienna rectifiers with different performance optimization targets. One for switching loss minimization and one for switching loss reduction with the neutral point voltage controllability. Due to the current commutation characteristics if Vienna rectifiers, the available space voltage vectors are limited. With this consideration, different small vectors are selected for different performance optimization. The detailed implementation of the two modulation methods are presented. System performance with the proposed two modulation methods are compared with one commonly used discontinuous PWM modulation method in the aspects of semi-conductor loss and neutral point voltage ripple. The analysis is verified through both simulations and experiments based on a 3 kW Vienna rectifier with efficiency higher than 99% at nominal load.
Gini Index as Sparsity Measure for Signal Reconstruction from Compressive Samples (2011)

Sparsity is a fundamental concept in compressive sampling of signals/images, which is commonly measured using the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> norm, even though, in practice, the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> or the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> ( 0 <; <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</i> <; 1) (pseudo-) norm is preferred. In this paper, we explore the use of the Gini index (GI), of a discrete signal, as a more effective measure of its sparsity for a significantly improved performance in its reconstruction from compressive samples. We also successfully incorporate the GI into a stochastic optimization algorithm for signal reconstruction from compressive samples and illustrate our approach with both synthetic and real signals/images.
Collaborative Project Management Software (2003)

Project management (PM) principles are rapidly changing due to business globalization and information technology (IT) advances which support distributed and virtual project teams. Traditional PM focuses on a single project at a single location and is more concerned with project inputs and outputs than with the project work itself. Traditional PM emphasizes scheduling, planning and tracking. The PM paradigm has begun to shift due to the increasing number of distributed projects involving team members from different sites, organizations and cultures. Current and future PM will be more concerned with project work and processes, and collaboration will become essential for success. Academics and practitioners have begun to discuss PM in terms of collaboration; however, there is little agreement as to a definition or interpretation of collaboration. One of the major changes in PM, over the last 25 years, has been the use of computerized tools and methods. In the future, the most significant change in PM may be the use of collaboration. In this article, we provide an explanation of different levels of collaboration, namely the communicative, collective, coordinated and concerted levels. Then we describe a prototype software package called C-PMS (Collaborative Project Management Software) to support 'concerted-level' collaboration among project team members. We believe that C-PMS, which supports all levels of collaboration, especially the concerted level, can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of project managers and team members.
Current diagnosis and management of ovarian cysts (2014)

The epidemiology of ovarian cysts is unclear due to the lack of consistent reporting and a high likelihood of spontaneous resolution. In the USA, postmenopausal women have an ovarian cyst incidence of 18% over a 15-year period. Worldwide, about 7% of women have an ovarian cyst at some point in their lives. In Europe, a large screening trial revealed a 21.2% incidence of ovarian cysts among healthy postmenopausal women. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) stated that simple cysts found on ultrasound may be safely followed without intervention, even in postmenopausal women. These cysts are not likely cancer precursors, nor markers of increased risk, and can be managed conservatively. Simple ovarian cysts appear to be stable or resolve by the next annual examination. These findings support recent recommendations to follow unilocular simple cysts in postmenopausal women without intervention. For those patients, ovarian cancer screening and follow up include a CA-125 blood test and transvaginal ultrasonography (TVU) at baseline, an annual TVU for three additional years, and annual CA-125 tests for five years beyond baseline. The TVU screening examination is considered positive (abnormal and suspicious for ovarian cancer) when findings included: 1) ovarian volume greater than 10 cubic cm; 2) cyst volume greater than ten cubic cm; 3) any solid area or papillary projection extending into the cavity of a cystic ovarian tumor of any size; or, 4) any mixed (solid/cystic) component within a cystic ovarian tumor. Women with positive screening examinations are referred to gynecologic oncology unit for follow-up investigation. Diagnostic consideration and surgical management of ovarian cysts are discussed.
[The induction of mutations in Streptomyces aureofaciens by UV rays and nitrosoguanidine and the identification of the mutants obtained]. (1997)

Streptomyces aureofaciens 019(8), chlortetracycline producent was subjected to the effect of UV-light and nitrosoguanidine and after that its 121520 colonies have been analyzed by the methods of replicas and 57 mutants were isolated: sensitive to the effect of UV radiation--14; auxotrophs--30; antibiotic-inactive --13. The induction frequency of mutations is within the limits of 0.016 to 0.067%. Auxotrophic mutants manifested genetic instability. Mutants with a block chlortetracyclin biosynthesis are stable.