gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multiple-Dose, Open-Label, Safety, Compliance, and Usage Evaluation Study of Epicutaneously Applied Diractin&#174; (Ketoprofen in Transfersome&#174;) in Joint/Musculoskeletal Pain or Soft Tissue Inflammation (2009)

The risk of oral NSAID including Cox-2 inhibitors to cause gastrointestinal, renal or cardiovascular adverse events related to systemic drug exposure could be reduced by local application. But only few long-term studies have been published to show safety and efficacy for long-term use of topical NSAID s. Diractin (formerly IDEA-033) is a viscous, aqueous formulation for epicutaneous application of ketoprofen based on ultra-deformable, self-regulating carrier (Transfersome). This multiple-dose, open label study with treatment periods up to 18 months included 402 patients with joint pain, musculoskeletal pain, stiffness or soft tissue inflammation (age of 61.4+/-11.5 years). Most of the patients suffered from osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee (68.9%). Diractin was applied epicutaneously up to twice daily with a maximum dose of 220 mg ketoprofen per a maximum of 2 application sites. The mean pain score at baseline was 5.4+/-.4 on a 10 point categorical scale. During the study the pain score progressively improved up to week 36 (3.5+/-1.9) without a substantial further change during the rest of observation period of up to 18 months. The reduction of pain scores between week 0 (baseline) and at all later visits was statistically significant (P<0.0001). Patients also reported an improvement of quality of life on the EUROQoL. The majority of treatment related adverse events were skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders with the highest frequency reported for erythema (16.7%) and pruritus (2.0%). Systemic ketoprofen exposure remained low throughout the study period with plasma concentrations of less than 1% of what was reported for a single, standard oral dose of 200 mg ketoprofen. There were no occurrences of treatment related serious adverse events and no remarkable changes in laboratory values or vital signs. In summary, Diractin provided adequate pain relief with a good safety and tolerability profile when used for up to 18 months (72 weeks).
Characterization of N-terminal processing of group VIA phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> and of potential cleavage sites of amyloid precursor protein constructs by automated identification of signature peptides in LC/MS/MS analyses of proteolytic digests (2004)

Dysregulation of proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease, and the Group VIA phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)beta) is the dominant PLA(2) enzyme in the central nervous system and is subject to regulatory proteolytic processing. We have identified novel N-terminal variants of iPLA(2)beta and previously unrecognized proteolysis sites in APP constructs with a C-terminal 6-myc tag by automated identification of signature peptides in LC/MS/MS analyses of proteolytic digests. We have developed a Signature-Discovery (SD) program to characterize protein isoforms by identifying signature peptides that arise from proteolytic processing in vivo. This program analyzes MS/MS data from LC analyses of proteolytic digests of protein mixtures that can include incompletely resolved components in biological samples. This reduces requirements for purification and thereby minimizes artifactual modifications during sample processing. A new algorithm to generate the theoretical signature peptide set and to calculate similarity scores between predicted and observed mass spectra has been tested and optimized with model proteins. The program has been applied to the identification of variants of proteins of biological interest, including APP cleavage products and iPLA(2)beta, and such applications demonstrate the utility of this approach.
Morphological changes in gingival blood vessels during developing gingivitis in dogs (1973)

Blood vessels situated at the gingival margin were studied in dogs during a 16‐day period of developing gingivitis. Morphological changes in the vessels were assessed from photographs which had been taken periodically and were identical. Two characteristic alterations were found: increased width and changes in the course of the vessels. Increases in width were observed during the first week of the experiment. Changes in the course of vessels were found during the second week.
An Improved Unique Word DFT-Spread OFDM Scheme for 5G Systems (2015)

In this paper, we propose a new waveform based on discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM), in which the tail of the DFT-S-OFDM symbol contains a fixed sequence, i.e., a unique word (UW). The proposed waveform, called UW DFT-S-OFDM, improves upon both existing zero-tail (ZT) DFT-S-OFDM and UW OFDM schemes by removing the impact of data symbols on the tail of the transmitted signal. This is done by creating a redundant symbol vector that has 1% of the total transmitted energy approximately. As a result, the proposed UW DFT-S-OFDM scheme keeps the advantages of UW OFDM and ZT DFT-S-OFDM such as the circular convolution of the channel without the use of a cyclic prefix (CP), low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and low out-of-band (OOB) emission. In addition, by generating the UW sequence at the input of the DFT process, simpler receiver operation is obtained.
Mobile Grid Computing: Facts or Fantasy? (2013)

The growing availability of networked mobile devices has created a vast collective pool of unexploited computing resources. In this paper we analyze the challenges for harvesting this potential for grid computing. The inherent limitations of typical mobile devices, such as reduced CPU performance, small secondary storage, heightened battery consumption sensitivity, and unreliable low-bandwidth communication are outraced by number of smart-phones sold annually, suggesting that the concept should not be prematurely dismissed. Given the enormous benefits of mobile grid computing, solutions to compensate for the inherent limitations of these devices must be developed in order to successfully utilize them in the Grid.
Triboelectric Charging of Polymer Particles by Impact (1986)

Abstract This paper describes an experimental investigation of the charge acquired by a single polymer particle when striking a plate. The particle was projected from a pneumatic gun with variable velocity and angle of impact. The deflected particle was then captured in a Faraday cup and the net acquired charge so measured. The measurements of charge are related, particularly, to the initial potential of the surfaces and to their work functions.
Maximal exponential growth rate and yield of <i>E. coli</i> obtainable in a bench‐scale fermentor (1974)

Abstract Oxygen supply is one of the main factors which influences aerobic cell growth in a fermentor. Maximal rates at which E. coli can grow on glucose as carbon source under various limiting oxygen‐supply conditions were determined in a bench‐scale fermentor. Culture conditions are described which gave yields of about 38 g dry cells per liter medium.
Inhibition of Ovulation and Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Cyclic Rat by Ergotamine Tartrate (1973)

The inhibitory effects of various ergot alkaloids on pseudopregnancy (1), decidualization (2), early pregnancy (3), and lactation (4) in the rat have been well documented by several investigators. In general, these effects were attributed to a specific inhibition of prolactin secretion, as prolactin was shown to partially reverse the effects of ergocornine (1), and plasma prolactin levels decreased after treatment with the drug (5). Recently, Wuttke et al. (9) reported a significant decrease in the plasma LH levels in rats also treated with 50 or 200 μg of ergocornine (5). The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of one of the ergot alkaloids, ergotamine tartrate, on ovulation, estrus, and LH secretion in adult cycling rats.Materials and Methods. Adult female Charles River rats weighing 180-210 g were used in the present experiments. The animals were housed in rooms with constant temperature and a 14-hr light (5 AM to 7 PM EST) and 10-hr darkness schedule. The estrous cycle was checked by d...
An intelligent, fault tolerant, high power, distributed power system for massively parallel processing computers (2002)

An intelligent, high power distributed power system used in a massively parallel processing (MPP) computer is described. The 7.5 kW power system has high availability, redundancy, fault tolerance, battery back-up, and a user friendly graphical user interface (GUI). A diagnostic subsystem monitors and tests the operation of the power system to ensure the functionality of the redundant assemblies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A switched-beam linearly-polarized transmitarray antenna for V-band backhaul applications (2016)

This paper presents the design of linearly-polarized switched-beam transmitarray antennas operating in V-band for wireless backhaul applications in future mobile communication networks. These arrays are based on a simple printed-circuit-board structure with only three metal layers and no via connection in order to minimize the insertion loss, the fabrication complexity and the overall cost of the system. In a fixed-beam configuration, the antenna exhibits a broadside gain of 32 dBi at 60 GHz with a 3-dB bandwidth of 20% and a very low cross-polarization level. Beam switching can be implemented using an array of five switched patch antennas as a focal source. A beam-switching capability of ±6.1° in one plane with a maximum gain of 29.3 dB and less than 3 dB of gain ripple are demonstrated.
In vivo measurement of endothelium-dependent vasodilation with substance P in man. (1992)

Endothelial cells synthesize and metabolize vasoactive substances which are involved in the regulation of vascular tone. Among these factors, the endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) appears to be of major importance. Many studies observed an impairment of the generation, release, or the diffusion of endothelial NO across the vascular intima in laboratory animals with various experimental diseases such as hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis and hypertension. In human coronary arteries obtained from explanted hearts impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations were measured in atherosclerotic segments. The hypothesis of a decreased NO mediated vasodilation in patients with coronary artery disease was further underscored by in vivo studies in man using intracoronary infusions of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine and quantitative coronary angiographic measurements of the diameter changes. From these observations it was assumed that endothelial dysfunction, in particular a profound inability of the coronary endothelium to relax via NO dependent mechanisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of abnormal coronary vasomotion. However, further investigations in man reveal that the ability of the coronary endothelium of patients with coronary artery disease or vasospastic angina to produce endothelial NO is less affected as judged from the effects of acetylcholine. In recent investigations a largely preserved endothelial function could be measured in these patients when the endothelium-dependent vasodilator substance P was used as a tool for the measurement of NO dependent relaxation. Thus, endothelial dysfunction does not appear to serve as a major cause of abnormal vasoconstriction in coronary artery disease or vasospastic angina in man.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON-BEAM-MELTED MOLYBDENUM AND DILUTE MOLYBDENUM--RHENIUM ALLOYS. (1972)

A study of molybdenum and three dilute molybdenum-rhenium alloys was undertaken to determine the effects of rhenium on the low temperature ductility and other mechanical properties of molybdenum. Alloys containing 3.9, 5.9, and 7.7 atomic percent rhenium exhibited lower ductile-brittle transition temperatures than did the unalloyed molybdenum. The maximum improvement in the annealed condition was observed for molybdenum - 7.7 rhenium, which had a ductile-brittle transition temperature approximately 200 C (360 F) lower than that for unalloyed molybdenum. Rhenium additions also increased the low and high temperature tensile strengths and the high temperature creep strength of molybdenum. The mechanical behavior of dilute molybdenum-rhenium alloys is similar to that observed for dilute tungsten-rhenium alloys.
Fault Diagnosis of Bearing Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition and Decision Directed Acyclic Graph Support Vector Machine (2009)

When faults of bearing happen, vibration signal of rotation machine always behave in complex form of modulation. The EMD can adaptively decompose signal according to the physical meaning of signal. The SVM has been used in many fields including fault diagnosis because of its excellent learning performance and favorable generalization capability. In this paper, energy eigenvector of frequency band is got through EMD. Fault diagnosis of bearings is realized by DDAGSVM. The most excellent model parameters are selected based on LOO. The final results indicate that the method based on EMD and DDAGSVM can effectively discriminate different faulty states of bearings.
A quantitative model for identifying regions of design visual attraction and application to automobile styling (2016)

Analysis of design regions of visual attention that affect aesthetic appeal is an important topic for both practicing designers and design researchers. The paper introduces a data-driven methodology consisting of four stages: (1) design feature learning, (2) design attribute prediction, (3) salient feature selection, and (4) salient feature visualization. Using this methodology, we making inroads to inverting the nonlinear function from design images and design aesthetic attributes, and give preliminary results for an automotive styling study.
Mutational analysis of the genes encoding urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its inhibitor PAI‐1 in advanced ovarian cancer (1997)

Evidence has accumulated that urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), its inhibitor (PAI-1) and receptor (uPAR) are involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. We analyzed the DNA sequences encoding these factors to see if they are altered in the ovarian cancer cell lines OV-MZ-6, OV-MZ-19, and OVCAR-3. In the uPA-encoding cDNA derived from OV-MZ-6 cells (but not in the uPA-cDNA from OVCAR-3 and OV-MZ-19), a so-far unknown mutation was identified in codon 121, resulting in a proline to leucine exchange. This exchange creates an AluI restriction site making restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses possible. Previously published PAI-1 sequences pointed to a variation of amino acid 15 of the PAI-1 signal sequence representing either threonine or alanine, which was confirmed in the present study. The uPAR cDNAs of all three cell lines encoded the published wild-type sequence. In order to elucidate the possible role of the Pro121Leu exchange in uPA and the Ala/Thr variants in the signal sequence of PAI-1 in the development and/or progression of human ovarian cancer, we studied the presence of these mutants or variants in a series of 22 ovarian cancer tissues. In addition to the wild-type sequence, the Pro121Leu exchange in the uPA sequence was detected in 10 out of 22 tumor tissues; 11 tumors carried exclusively the Pro121 allele; in one case exclusively the Leu121 allele was detected. In 18/22 tumors, triplet 15 in the signal sequence of PAI-1 encoded alanine, four DNAs contained both the Ala and the Thr allele. Furthermore, we analyzed another known common single-base-pair insertion/deletion polymorphism (ins/del allele) found in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene and thought to be of functional importance in regulating PAI-1 gene expression. The PAI-1 ins-allele was found in 3/22, the del-allele in 6/22 and both alleles in 13/22 ovarian cancer tissues. In genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood of 23 healthy donors, we observed similar allele frequencies of the three polymorphisms as found in the 22 ovarian carcinomas. Taken together, these results suggest that the polymorphisms observed in the uPA and PAI-1 genes may not be linked to ovarian cancer.
Performance of Carbon Nanofiber–Cement Composites with a High-Range Water Reducer (2010)

The effect of a polycarboxylate-based high-range water reducer (HRWR) on incorporation of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in cement composites was evaluated. Use of the HRWR proved successful in disaggregating the CNFs in solution and improved the dispersion of CNFs in the cement paste at the individual fiber level. However, an inhomogeneous distribution of the fibers within the composites was observed. Addition of 0.2% CNFs per weight of cement resulted in increased splitting tensile strength of 22% in portland cement composites and 26% in composites that also contained silica fume. Migration of the CNFs in the bleed water was observed depending on the water–binder ratio used, creating a porous layer of agglomerated CNFs intermixed with cement paste at the upper surface of the composite.
Meteorological Phenomena of the Arabian Sea, (1977)

This document, the product of extensive literature research, provides a single and comprehensive reference text for the operational forecaster in the Arabian Sea and Gulfs of Aden and Oman. It contains extensive climatological information, descriptions of significant meteorological phenomena and relevant forecasting aids, discussions of meteorological conditions affecting various regional ports, and a representative assortment of typical weather sequences depicted by both satellite imagery and conventional data. General information on the large-scale Asian monsoon and its relationship to the Arabian Sea region is presented. Also discussed are the significant meteorological phenomena associated with time and space variations in the Arabian Sea monsoon; forecasting aids and typical weather sequences are provided. Seasonal progressions of weather events are discussed; variations from normal conditions are described in first-hand reports from observers in the field. (Author)
The use of diffractive optical element in 3-5 micrometer optical system (1992)

The use of diffractive optical elements ( DOE ) in most refractive reimaging infrared optical systems significantly simplifies the optical design form and improves the image quality. The basic theory of chromatic aberration correction using DOE is analyzed. A 3 to 5 um design is shown comparing the optical design form and image quality of the conventional design and the DOE improved design. The DOE improves performance while lowering cost and weight by reducing the number of lens elements and desensitizing the design to misalignments. MTF, MRT, and NEDT tests of the hardware empirically demonstrate the superior performance of the DOE design.
Cellulosic materials as biopolymers and supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>as a green process: chemistry and applications (2011)

In this review, we describe the use of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) in several cellulose applications. The focus is on different technologies that either exist or are expected to emerge in the near future. The applications are wide from the extraction of hazardous wastes to the cleaning and reuse of paper or production of glucose. To put this topic in context, cellulose chemistry and its interactions with scCO2 are described. The aim of this study was to discuss the new emerging technologies and trends concerning cellulosic materials processed in scCO2 such as cellulose drying to obtain aerogels, foams and other microporous materials, impregnation of cellulose, extraction of highly valuable compounds from plants and metallic residues from treated wood. Especially, in the bio-fuel production field, we address the pre-treatment of cellulose in scCO2 to improve fermentation to ethanol by cellulase enzymes. Other reactions of cellulosic materials such as organic inorganic composites fabrication and de-polymerisation have been considered. Cellulose treatment by scCO2 has been discussed as well. Finally, other applications like deacidification of paper and cellulosic membranes fabrication in scCO2 have been reviewed. Examples of the discussed technologies are included as well.
Bayesian Spatial Filters for Source Signal Extraction: A Study in the Peripheral Nerve (2014)

The ability to extract physiological source signals to control various prosthetics offer tremendous therapeutic potential to improve the quality of life for patients suffering from motor disabilities. Regardless of the modality, recordings of physiological source signals are contaminated with noise and interference along with crosstalk between the sources. These impediments render the task of isolating potential physiological source signals for control difficult. In this paper, a novel Bayesian Source Filter for signal Extraction (BSFE) algorithm for extracting physiological source signals for control is presented. The BSFE algorithm is based on the source localization method Champagne and constructs spatial filters using Bayesian methods that simultaneously maximize the signal to noise ratio of the recovered source signal of interest while minimizing crosstalk interference between sources. When evaluated over peripheral nerve recordings obtained in vivo, the algorithm achieved the highest signal to noise interference ratio ( 7.00 ±3.45 dB) amongst the group of methodologies compared with average correlation between the extracted source signal and the original source signal R = 0.93. The results support the efficacy of the BSFE algorithm for extracting source signals from the peripheral nerve.
Identification of Transmembrane Domain 5 as a Critical Molecular Determinant of Menthol Sensitivity in Mammalian TRPA1 Channels (2008)

TRPA1 is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of ion channels and is expressed in a subset of nociceptive neurons. An increasing body of evidence suggests that TRPA1 functions as a chemical nocisensor for a variety of reactive chemicals, such as pungent natural compounds and environmental irritants. Activation of TRPA1 by reactive compounds has been demonstrated to be mediated through covalent modification of cytoplasmic cysteines located in the N terminus of the channel, rather than classical lock-and-key binding. TRPA1 activity is also modulated by numerous nonreactive chemicals, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Menthol, a natural nonreactive cooling compound, is best known as an activator of TRPM8, a related TRP ion channel required for cool thermosensation in vivo. More recently, menthol has been shown to be an activator of mouse TRPA1 at low concentrations, and a blocker, at high concentrations. Here, we show that human TRPA1 is only activated by menthol, whereas TRPA1 from nonmammalian species are insensitive to menthol. Mouse-human TRPA1 chimeras reveal the pore region [including transmembrane domain 5 (TM5) and TM6] as the critical domain determining whether menthol can act as an inhibitor. Furthermore, chimeras between Drosophila melanogaster and mammalian TRPA1 highlight specific residues within TM5 critical for menthol responsiveness. Interestingly, this TM5 region also determines the sensitivity of TRPA1 to other chemical modulators. These data suggest separable structural requirements for modulation of TRPA1 by covalent and nonreactive molecules. Whether this region is involved in binding or gating of TRPA1 channels is discussed.