gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accessing an Understudied Population in Behavioral HIV/AIDS Research: (1995)

Most HIV/AIDS behavior research involving African American women has focused on traditional high risk populations, such as those in drug treatment centers, STD clinics, and hospitals. Few studies have examined the health needs and behaviors of African American women in the general population (i.e., working mothers and homemakers). The Parent Health Project examined beliefs and concepts of illness, including AIDS, of low income African American mothers of young children. We used a variety of methods of community outreach and recruitment strategies to gain access and trust from these African American women, including (1) recruitment of women who had children in a related research project, (2) subject reimbursement, and (3) culturally sensitive community based outreach. Of approximately 200 women contacted, 147 (74%) agreed to participate in a two-hour face-to-face interview about concepts of health and illness. Through our efforts, we were able to gain access to a population generally not studies in HIV/AIDS research. We were also exposed to a number of issues, concerns and behaviors faced by women not classified as high risk, yet who are at risk as a result of their own and/or their sexual partner's(s) risk behaviors.
DIRECT RING-CLOSURE THROUGH A NITRO GROUP IN CERTAIN AROMATIC COMPOUNDS WITH THE FORMATION OF NITROGEN HETEROCYCLES: A NEW REACTION (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDIRECT RING-CLOSURE THROUGH A NITRO GROUP IN CERTAIN AROMATIC COMPOUNDS WITH THE FORMATION OF NITROGEN HETEROCYCLES: A NEW REACTIONHENRY C. WATERMAN and DONALD L. VIVIANCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1949, 14, 2, 289–297Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01154a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01154a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views577Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Current status and future technical advances of ultrasonic imaging (2000)

Discusses current ultrasound technology in routine clinical practice, state-of-the-art technology in advanced practice, emerging technologies, and challenges in further developing the technologies. It is concluded that ultrasound imaging is an essential component in modern medical process. It is complementary to other imaging modalities; often, it is the best or even the only applicable method.
Inhibition of cell proliferation and protease activity by cartilage factors and heparin (1980)

Proliferating rat smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts have membrane-associated protease activity. High concentrations of heparin inhibited membrane-associated protease activity and cell proliferation, while low concentration of heparin promoted smooth muscle cell proliferation. The inhibition of protease activity and proliferation was abolished when heparin was treated with protamine sulfate or when acid treated fetal calf serum was used. Heparin required the presence of an acid labile factor(s) in serum for the inhibition of protease activity and proliferation. Heparin and antithrombin III in the presence of acid-treated fetal calf serum did not inhibit cell proliferation or protease activity. Cartilage factors isolated from bovine nasal cartilage containing trypsin inhibitory activity, but not papain inhibitory activity, inhibited rat smooth muscle and fibroblast proliferation and surface associated protease activity. The cartilage factors did not require acid-labile components in the fetal calf serum for the inhibitory activity. The inhibitory activity due to heparin and cartilage factors was not permanent under our experimental condition. Protein synthesis was not inhibited by heparin or the cartilage factors. In rat smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, the expression of surface-associated protease activity was related to the proliferative state of the cells. Surface protease activity was only present on proliferating cells. When surface protease activity was inhibited by high concentrations of heparin in the presence of an acid-labile serum component(s) or cartilage factors, cell proliferation was also inhibited.
How Usable Are Outdoor Wireless Networks? (2008)

This report discusses the usability of outdoor Wi-Fi networks. Based on a study of wireless networks in Toronto, the report outlines usability challenges related to device availability, technical limitations, and constraints of the physical usage environment. Guidelines are offered to improve the design of outdoor Wi-Fi networks, but it is also noted that other options may prove to be more feasible for the provision of broadband access in municipalities.
Costimulatory Properties of the Human CD4 Molecule: Enhancement of CD3-Induced T Cell Activation by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 through Viral Envelope Glycoprotein gp120 (1993)

This study was designed to investigate the T cell costimulatory activity of ligands binding to different regions on the human CD4 molecule. We assayed the costimulatory properties of a panel of CD4 MAbs, intact HIV, and viral envelope glycoproteins in CD3-induced activation of resting T cell subpopulations. Our data using MAbs reveal epitope-specific variations in the functional activities of CD4 MAbs under specific conditions in which CD3 and CD4 molecules are co-cross-linked. We show that both naive and memory CD4+ T cell subsets are susceptible to CD4-mediated costimulation, which overcomes the functional differences between the two cell populations in responsiveness to CD3 MAbs. We show for the first time that, analogous to CD4 MAbs, preparations of HIV and viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 are also potent costimulators of T cell proliferation and IL-2 production. On the basis of these results we propose possible mechanisms for polyclonal cell activation in the course of HIV infection and suggest that viral inhibitory and costimulatory effects may together disrupt the normal balanced function of the immune system, leading to AIDS.
Discriminant analysis and class modelling of spectroscopic data (1998)

Chemometric Methods for Classification Problems. Installing Win-DAS. Getting Started with Win-DAS. Discriminant Analysis. Class Modelling. Case Studies. Appendices. Index.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Molecular Pathways and New Therapeutic Targets (2005)

Hepatocellular carcinoma is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, when it is not amenable to curative therapies. There is no effective chemotherapy. Advances in cancer biology suggest that a limited number of pathways are responsible for initiating and maintaining dysregulated cell proliferation, which is the major cellular alteration responsible for the cancer phenotype. New treatments in development target several of these critical pathways, including agents targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase pathways, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, the ubiquitin/proteasome degradation pathway, the epigenetic DNA methylation and histone deacetylation pathways, the PI3 kinase/AKT/mTOR pathway, angiogenic pathways, and telomerase. Several of these approaches hold significant promise for improving the long-term outcome of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Because of the high prevalence of liver cirrhosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, these approaches must be coupled with new strategies for halting or reversing the progression of chronic liver disease.
Forecasts of the Scottish economy [July 2007] (2007)

Despite a slowing in the US, growth in the world economy remains relatively strong with the Euro Area performance strengthening. China continues to be a major driver of world growth and trade is forecast to drive growth up. Asian markets in particular are forecast to have robust growth. Japan continues to recover steadily and survey evidence for the world economy points to a further strengthening of growth in 2007Q2.
Dust from carpeted and smooth floors (1989)

Dust samples were collected twice from smooth and carpeted floors in 10 Norwegian schools. The content of antigens and allergens of alder (Alnus incana), birch (Betula verrucosa), timothy (Phleum pratense), cat and dog dander, house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae), mould (Cladosporium herbarum), hen egg white and codfish (DIII) were investigated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), crossed radio immunoelectrophoresis (CRIE), radio allergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition and quantitative precipitation inhibition analysis by laser nephelometry. Antigens and allergens of cat and dog dander and hen egg white were most prevalent in the dust samples investigated. With the exception of hen egg white and codfish allergens, no statistically significant differences in mean allergen content were shown in identical quantities of freeze-dried dust extracts from carpeted and smooth floors. RAST-inhibition analyses of identical amounts of dust from either floors showed higher content of allergens of cat, dog, hen egg white, codfish, mould and timothy pollen in classrooms with carpets.
Plasma‐based ambient ionization mass spectrometry in bioanalytical sciences (2015)

Plasma-based ambient ionization mass spectrometry techniques are gaining growing interest due to their specific features, such as the need for little or no sample preparation, its high analysis speed, and the ambient experimental conditions. Samples can be analyzed in gas, liquid, or solid forms. These techniques allow for a wide range of applications, like warfare agent detection, chemical reaction control, mass spectrometry imaging, polymer identification, and food safety monitoring, as well as applications in biomedical science, e.g., drug and pharmaceutical analysis, medical diagnostics, biochemical analysis, etc. Until now, the main drawback of plasma-based techniques is their quantitative aspect, but a lot of efforts have been done to improve this obstacle.
Control of epitaxial growth for SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films (1998)

We report the (a00) oriented as well as the (00l) oriented epitaxial SrBi2Ta2O9 thin film grown on (100) LaAlO3 and (200) yttria-stabilized zirconia single crystal substrates. On (100) SrTiO3 single crystal substrate, we only observe the (00l) oriented epitaxial growth of SrBi2Ta2O9 thin film. We infer that the (a00) oriented epitaxial growth results from the strain by the lattice mismatch. The band gaps of the (00l) and the (a00) oriented SrBi2Ta2O9 films are ∼3.9 and ∼3.5 eV, respectively. The two epitaxial orientations of ferroelectric SrBi2Ta2O9 thin film can provide an opportunity to study the effects on microwave and optical waveguides as well as underlying anisotropic physical properties.
Mechanistic features of the semiconductor photocatalyzed olefin-to-carbonyl oxidative cleavage (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanistic features of the semiconductor photocatalyzed olefin-to-carbonyl oxidative cleavageMarye Anne Fox and C. C. ChenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 22, 6757–6759Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00412a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00412a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views491Altmetric-Citations131LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RAPID PROTECTION OF BLADDER CANCER: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POINT OF CARE TESTS (1997)

The anticipated lack of specificity of the hemoglobin dipstick was confirmed as well as the inadequacy of urinary cytology, particularly in the well differentiated tumors. Our findings with BTA were disappointing. The superiority of the FDP, first demonstrated here, was particularly striking in its ability to detect even well differentiated tumors. The simplicity and significantly better overall performance of FDP make it a reliable test for detection of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and a potential alternative to urinary cytology with important implications for clinical practice and health economics.
The AT&T interactive consumer video services platform (2002)

Interactive video services for consumers, delivered to residences via broadband networks and standard TV's, could be offered over the next several years. Such services include movie on demand, video telephony, interactive television, home shopping, computer games, etc. Economics dictate that a common infrastructure be deployed that can support all the services envisioned today, with future expandability. This paper presents a comprehensive large-scale end-to-end services platform architecture meeting these requirements and describes the field trials of this system scheduled to begin in 1994.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
MicroRNAs in the <i>Drosophila</i> bithorax complex (2008)

The iab-4 noncoding RNA from the Drosophila bithorax complex is the substrate for a microRNA (miRNA). Gene conversion was used to delete the hairpin precursor of this miRNA; flies homozygous for this deletion are sterile. Surprisingly, this mutation complements with rearrangement breakpoint mutations that disrupt the iab-4 RNA but fails to complement with breaks mapping in the iab-5 through iab-7 regulatory regions. These breaks disrupt the iab-8 RNA, transcribed from the opposite strand. This iab-8 RNA also encodes a miRNA, detected on Northern blots, derived from the hairpin complementary to the iab-4 precursor hairpin. Ultrabithorax is a target of both miRNAs, although its repression is subtle in both cases.
Discrete validation of a smart power ASIC (SPIC) for a distributed power system (2004)

We describe the design and implementation and discrete validation of a high-voltage BCD-technology based smart power integrated circuit (SPIC) design, which is an "one-chip solution" to control, drive, and protect a two-stage distributed power system (DPS). As such, the proposed SPIC achieves higher power density, reduced design-cycle time, and enhanced system reliability. The DPS comprises a front-end AC-DC single-switch power-factor-correction (PFC) converter, which is cascaded with a back-end DC-DC four-switch full-bridge zero-voltage-switching (FBZVS) converter. The current-and the voltage-mode controllers for the PFC and the FBZVS converters, respectively, are integrated into the SPIC. The SPIC can "directly" fire the 2 high-side and 3 low-side devices in the power system. A combination of bootstrap and charge-pump techniques is used to power the gate-drive circuits for the high-side power devices; hence, the duty cycle for a high-side power device is 100% and independent of the turn-on time of the low-side power device in the same leg of the FBZVS converter. Additionally, a more reliable two-stage fault protection scheme is implemented in the SPIC including protection features such as under-voltage lockout, over-current protection, adaptive shoot-through protection, and soft-start capability. This paper illustrates several key experimental results obtained by controlling the DPS using the discrete SPIC to validate the functionalities of the latter and its satisfactory performance.
Clinical Applications of Adoptive Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy for Cancer: Current Status and Future Prospects (2010)

Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic and cytokine-producing lymphocytes involved in the immune defense against viral infections and tumors. NK cells activated with cytokines, such as interleukin-2, have been used since the 1980s as adoptive immunotherapy against cancer. NK cell alloreactivity has been demonstrated to enhance control of acute myeloid leukemia relapse and greatly reduce the risk of graft-versus-host disease in HLA haplotype-mismatched hematopoietic transplantation, and has been explored as a tool for adoptive immunotherapy for cancer patients. Future manipulation to improve NK cell adoptive immunotherapy by means of increasing target recognition and reducing inhibitory signaling is being explored.
Mitophagy in yeast is independent of mitochondrial fission and requires the stress response gene <i>WHI2</i> (2011)

Dysfunctional mitochondria show a reduced capacity for fusion and, as mitochondrial fission is maintained, become spatially separated from the intact network. By that mechanism, dysfunctional mitochondria have been proposed to be targeted for selective degradation by mitophagy, thereby providing a quality control system for mitochondria. In yeast, conflicting results concerning the role of mitochondrial dynamics in mitophagy have been reported. Here, we investigate the effects on mitophagy of altering mitochondrial fission and fusion, using biochemical, as well as fluorescence-based, assays. Rapamycin-induced mitophagy was shown to depend upon the autophagy-related proteins Atg11, Atg20 and Atg24, confirming that a selective type of autophagy occurred. Both fragmentation of mitochondria and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation were not sufficient to trigger mitophagy, and neither deletion of the fission factors Dnm1, Fis1, Mdv1 or Caf4 nor expression of dominant-negative variants of Dnm1 impaired mitophagy. The diminished mitophagy initially observed in a Δfis1 mutant was not due to the absence of Fis1 but rather due to a secondary mutation in WHI2, which encodes a factor reported to function in the general stress response and the Ras-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway. We propose that, in yeast, mitochondrial fission is not a prerequisite for the selective degradation of mitochondria, and that mitophagy is linked to the general stress response and the Ras-PKA signaling pathway.
Photochemical Studies. XVI. A Further Study of the Chlorination of Benzene (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical Studies. XVI. A Further Study of the Chlorination of BenzeneHomer P. Smith, W. Albert Noyes Jr., and Edwin J. HartCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1933, 55, 11, 4444–4459Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01338a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01338a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence based medicine series: evidence based medicine: an overview. (2009)

Less than 20 years after making its entrance, Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) is now one of the most-quoted terms in health care. Today, EBM is a central theme in clinical practice, health care policy-making, and medical training at postgraduate and undergraduate levels. In an online poll hosted by the British Medical Journal in January 2007, EBM was ranked seventh, ahead of computer and medical imaging, among 15 most important milestones that shape modern medicine.1
Breast Cancer Database (2013)

Images from both whole slides and tissue microarrays are attached to the samples with information on biomarkers. Over 8,000 breast cancer samples with attached biomarker information, treatment, outcome and images of tumour.