gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computation of the mid-sagittal plane in 3-D brain images (2002)

We present a new method to automatically compute, reorient, and recenter the mid-sagittal plane in anatomical and functional three-dimensional (3-D) brain images. This iterative approach is composed of two steps. At first, given an initial guess of the mid-sagittal plane (generally, the central plane of the image grid), the computation of local similarity measures between the two sides of the head allows to identify homologous anatomical structures or functional areas, by way of a block matching procedure. The output is a set of point-to-point correspondences: the centers of homologous blocks. Subsequently, we define the mid-sagittal plane as the one best superposing the points on one side and their counterparts on the other side by reflective symmetry. Practically, the computation of the parameters characterizing the plane is performed by a least trimmed squares estimation. Then, the estimated plane is aligned with the center of the image grid, and the whole process is iterated until convergence. The robust estimation technique we use allows normal or abnormal asymmetrical structures or areas to be treated as outliers, and the plane to be mainly computed from the underlying gross symmetry of the brain. The algorithm is fast and accurate, even for strongly tilted heads, and even in presence of high acquisition noise and bias field, as shown on a large set of synthetic data. The algorithm has also been visually evaluated on a large set of real magnetic resonance (MR) images. We present a few results on isotropic as well as anisotropic anatomical (MR and computed tomography) and functional (single photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography) real images, for normal and pathological subjects.
Multistage stretching of high-density polyethylene monofilaments in melt spinning (1978)

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the influence of molecular weight distribution on stretchability and thread nonuniformity of high-density polyethylene monofilaments. For the study, a melt-spinning/multistage stretching device was constructed, and the monofilaments were extruded first into a quench tank and subsequently stretched twice in an annealing bath. Processing variables investigated were (a) the extrusion temperature, (b) the shear rate in the spinnerette hole, (c) the air-gap distance, (d) the annealing bath temperature, (e) the take-up speed at the first-stage stretching, and (f) the take-up speed at the second-stage stretching. Fiber samples were collected at each stage of stretching, namely, (a) as melt-spun, (b) after the first-stage stretching, and (c) after the second-stage stretching. The maximum stretch rate at which thread breakage occurs was determined at the first-and second-stage stretching in the annealing bath. The melt-spun materials were three different grades of Mitsui Petrochemicals high-density polyethylene and two different grades of Union Carbide high-density polyethylene. Also melt spun were blends of two Mitsui polyethylenes and the two Union Carbide polyethylenes. An attempt was made (a) to correlate stretchability with the molecular weight distribution of the high-density polyethylene; (b) to identify the influence of spinning conditions on stretchability for a given polymer; (c) to correlate the variations of the fiber diameter with the molecular weight distribution and spinning conditions, and (d) to correlate the stretchability of a blend system with blending ratio. tensile properties (the tensile strength at the yield point, tensile elastic modulus, and percent elongation at break) were determined for all fiber samples collected, using the Instron tensile tester. For some fiber samples of special interest, selected on the basis of the spinning experiment results, wide-angle x-ray diffraction measurements were taken to determine the molecular orientation in a filament.
Identification of Wave Energy Device Models From Numerical Wave Tank Data—Part 2: Data-Based Model Determination (2016)

In this paper and its companion, the identification of mathematical models describing the behaviour of wave energy devices (WECs) in the ocean is investigated through the use of numerical wave tank experiments. When the wave amplitude and the WEC displacement are not negligible with respect to the WEC dimensions, nonlinear hydrodynamic effects may appear, and the accuracy of linear hydrodynamic models is reduced, leading to the necessity of introducing some nonlinearities in the model structure. This paper proposes, for WEC modelling, the use of discrete-time nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) models, as an alternative to continuous-time models. Techniques of model identification are also explained and applied to a case study.
An electronic stethoscope with diagnosis capability (2002)

A means of analyzing acoustic heart sounds is described. The system analyzes heart sound data, isolating key features of the heartbeat signatures to produce a list of possible diagnoses. The system has six major components: heart beat extraction, segmentation of the heart sound cycle, extraction of murmur data, time-frequency analysis of murmurs, statistical metrics and diagnosis algorithms. Implementation of each component is discussed in detail. Diagnosis algorithms for the following events/conditions are included: heart rate, sinus arrhythmia, tachycardia, bradycardia, aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation.
A New PTC Resistor for Power Applications (1982)

A new positive temperature coefficient (PTC)resistor and its properties are described which utilizes the metal-insulator solid-state transition in (V,Cr) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> 0 <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> . At a transition temperature of 80°C, for example, the specific resistivity of a ceramic body exhibits a · rapid increase to a value 100 times higher than that at 20°C, which is typically 1.5x 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\Omega</tex> cm. Due to this low resistivity, thermistors with resistance values between at least 0.1 m <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\Omega</tex> and 0.1 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\Omega</tex> can be manufactured which can carry rated currents substantially higher than 200 A or lower than 2 A, respectively. The construction of the new device is described, and typical properties and applications are illustrated.
Comparative Pharmacology of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and its Metabolite, 11-OH-Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (1973)

A comparison of the psychologic and physiologic effects of intravenously administered Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC) and 11-hydroxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-Delta(9)-THC) was carried out in nine casual marihuana smokers. A marked tachycardia and psychologic "high" occurred within 3-5 min after the i.v. administration of 11-OH-Delta(9)-THC (1 mg) to all subjects. In contrast, the peak psychologic "high" was delayed 10-20 min after the i.v. administration of Delta(9)-THC (1 mg). There was some individual variation in response among subjects. Psychologic effects correlated well with plasma levels of unchanged [(3)H]11-OH-Delta(9)-THC. About 75% of the administered radioactive dose was excreted in urine (25%) and feces (50%) after [(3)H]11-OH-Delta(9)-THC administration. The disposition, excretion, and metabolism of [(3)H]11-OH-Delta(9)-THC appear to be similar to that previously reported after [(14)C]Delta(9)-THC administration. These findings, in conjunction with the marked psychologic high seen after 11-OH-Delta(9)-THC, suggest that in man, Delta(9)-THC, the active constituent in marihuana, is converted to 11-OH-Delta(9)-THC, which is in part responsible for the psychologic effects.
Lipid-Coated Microdroplet Array for in Vitro Protein Synthesis (2011)

Monitoring complex biological assays such as in vitro protein synthesis over long periods in micrometer-sized cavities of poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic devices requires a strategy that solves the adsorption and absorption problems on PDMS surfaces. In this study, we developed a technique that instantaneously arrays aqueous microdroplets coated with a phospholipid membrane within a single microfluidic device. The simple lipid bilayer coating effectively inhibits the adsorption of proteins and DNA, whereas the encapsulation of the droplet reduces the area in contact with the PDMS surface, resulting in decreased absorption in part. Although the size becomes smaller during the first few hours, a lipid-coated microdroplet array demonstrated a temporal stability of more than 20 h and a size uniformity of CV 3% in the device. Furthermore, we succeeded in expressing a green fluorescent protein by confining an in vitro translation system in the microdroplets, which was confirmed by scanning the fluorescence spectrum of the droplets, demonstrating that the lipid coat secured the synthetic reaction from the adsorption problem.
A Study of Low NOx Combustion (1974)

A new combustion method for decreasing the emission level of nitrogen oxides is studied and developed. The combustion is divided into two parts, the primary and the secondary, and about 50-60 % of the stoichiometric air is supplied to the primary combustion to complete the 'partial combustion'. We found that considerable amounts of HCN and NH3 are formed in this region and these are closely connected with the overall emission level of Nox. These primarily formed nitrogen compounds are converted to NOx through the secondary combustion at the rate of about 80 %. Completely premixed 'partial combustion' is effective to decrease these compounds, and therefore, the overall emission level of NOx. The effects of some catalysts are also studied.
A Microprocessor Based Monitoring and Protection System for a Series Capacitor Zn0 Nonlinear Bypass Resistor (1980)

The result of this development effort is the successful application of microprocessor and fiber optic technologies to the monitoring and protection of ZnO nonlinear bypass resistors. Two systems have been implemented and have undergone extensive fault testing. Both systems have operated correctly and have exhibited excellent noise and transient surpression. The developed monitoring and protection algorithm is unique, demonstrating the versatility of the microprocessor technology as applied to power system monitoring and protection problems. The fiber optic analog channel developed for this application is unique, exhibiting a high level of accuracy, and providing excellent electrical isolation between an active power system and sensitive digital systems.
THE MIXED-VOLTAGE PROCESS (2003)

A new latch-up failure phenomenon induced by the parasitic P-N-P-N path between different power pins is reported here. This latch-np failure is observed in 0.13um and 0.18um process, but the test passes in 0.25um. A traditional latch-up prevention methodology of guide-ring insertion works well here, and the chip designers need to be aware of this phenomenon before the chip is tape-out.
The influence of cadence and power output on force application and in-shoe pressure distribution during cycling by competitive and recreational cyclists (2000)

The aim of this study was to determine the response of cyclists to manipulations of cadence and power output in terms of force application and plantar pressure distribution. Two groups of cyclists, 17 recreational and 12 competitive, rode at three nominal cadences (60, 80, 100 rev x min(-1)) and four power outputs (100, 200, 300, 400 W) while simultaneous force and in-shoe pressure data were collected. Two piezoelectric triaxial force transducers mounted in the right pedal measured components of the pedal force and orientation, and a discrete transducer system with 12 transducers recorded the in-shoe pressures. Force application was characterized by calculating peak resultant and peak effective pedal forces and positive and negative impulses. In-shoe pressures were analysed as peak pressures and as the percent relative load. The force data showed no significant group effect but there was a cadence and power main effect. The impulse data showed a significant three-way interaction. Increased cadence resulted in a decreased positive impulse, while increased power output resulted in an increased impulse. The competitive group produced less positive impulse but the difference became less at higher cadences. Few between-group differences were found in pressure, notable only in the pressure under the first metatarsal region. This showed a consistent pattern of in-shoe pressure distribution, where the primary loading structures were the first metatarsal and hallux. There was no indication that pressure at specific sites influenced the pedal force application. The absence of group differences indicated that pressure distribution was not the result of training, but reflected the intrinsic relationship between the foot, the shoe and the pedal.
An overview of low noise devices and associated circuits for 100-200 GHz space applications (2003)

This paper relates the state of the art of the HEMT low noise technologies for the space applications at millimeter wave and specially for the earth observation in the G-band (140 – 220 GHz)).The different III-V technologies (HEMT and LNA)and their associated performance are presented.Parameters limiting the improvement of high frequency characteristics for HEMTs with the downscaling process are studied.
Capillary-Fed Meniscus Coating Technique (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCapillary-Fed Meniscus Coating TechniqueCarlyle S. HerrickCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1980, 19, 3, 314–316Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360075a007https://doi.org/10.1021/i360075a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views238Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Pattern and Timing of the Coronary Sinus Activation to Guide Rapid Diagnosis of Atrial Tachycardia After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation (2013)

The analysis of the patterns and timing of CS activation provides a rapid stratification of most likely macroreentrant ATs and points toward the likely origin of centrifugal ATs. It can be included in a stepwise diagnostic approach to rapidly select the most critical mapping maneuvers.
Automated Deployment Support for Parallel Distributed Computing (2007)

Heterogeneous distributed computing platforms continue to require substantial effort in terms of software installation and management for efficient use, often necessitating manual intervention by resource providers and end-users. In this paper we propose a novel model of resource sharing that is a viable alternative to that commonly adopted in the grid community. Our model shifts the resource virtualization and aggregation responsibilities to software at the client side, taking these burdens away from resource providers. Following this model, we have designed the Zero-Force MPI toolkit that automates installation, run, and post-processing stages of HPC applications, thus allowing application scientists to focus on using computational resources instead of managing them. Through the provided console, MPI can be soft-installed across a set of distributed resources with just a few commands. The prototype implementation of the ZF-MPI toolkit is based on FTMPI. To evaluate the toolkit, we conducted experiments with deploying and executing the NAS Parallel Benchmarks. Results demonstrate that the run-not-install approach exemplified by ZF-MPI is effective and may substantially increase productivity of application execution.
Integrated relative humidity sensor (2003)

The sensor described combines a polymer-based capacitive humidity sensor on the same chip with CMOS electronics. The resulting three-lead integrated sensor provides a DC output voltage which varies linearly with relative humidity. Thus, the sensor is readily adapted to conventional 4-20-mA control loops. Its low power consumption ( approximately 1 mW at 5 V) makes it useful for battery operation and the DC output eliminates the need for shielded cable and special connectors in applications requiring the sensor to be located remote from auxiliary electronics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Trunk Shakers for Citrus HarvestingPart II: Tree Growth, Fruit Yield and Removal (1988)

i TTAMLIN' and 'Valencia' oranges were harvested for XX5 seasons to evaluate the effectiveness of 4 trunk shaking patterns (2 linear, and 2 multidirectional, with and without abscission chemicals). Fruit yields, removal efficiencies, and trunk circumferences were measured. Hamlin yields were not affected by the shakers; Valencia yields were significantly reduced by one of the multidirectional shaker patterns. Abscission chemicals did not reduce the yields of either Hamlin or Valencia. Abscission chemicals increased shaker removal efficiencies from 64% to 90% in Hamlin and from 74% to 91% in Valencia. Trunk growth was not affected by shaking. The most vigorous linear shaking pattern provided superior harvesting efficiency.
Cloning and characterization of the gene encoding 1-cyclohexenylcarbonyl coenzyme A reductase from Streptomyces collinus (1996)

We report the cloning of the gene encoding the 1-cyclohexenylcarbonyl coenzyme A reductase (ChcA) of Streptomyces collinus, an enzyme putatively involved in the final reduction step in the formation of the cyclohexyl moiety of ansatrienin from shikimic acid. The cloned gene, with a proposed designation of chcA, encodes an 843-bp open reading frame which predicts a primary translation product of 280 amino acids and a calculated molecular mass of 29.7 kDa. Highly significant sequence similiarity extending along almost the entire length of the protein was observed with members of the short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase superfamily. The S. collinus chcA gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli by using a bacteriophage T7 transient expression system, and a protein with a specific ChcA activity was detected. The E. coli-produced ChcA protein was purified and shown to have similar steady-state kinetics and electrophoretic mobility on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels as the enoyl-coenzyme A reductase protein prepared from S. collinus. The enzyme demonstrated the ability to catalyze, in vitro, three of the reductive steps involved in the formation of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An S. collinus chcA mutant, constructed by deletion of a genomic region comprising the 5' end of chcA, lost the ChcA activity and the ability to synthesize either cyclohexanecarboxylic acid or ansatrienin. These results suggest that chcA encodes the ChcA that is involved in catalyzing multiple reductive steps in the pathway that provides the cyclohexanecarboxylic acid from shikimic acid.
A Simple Method for the Preparation of Highly Pure Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Synthesized from Safflower Seed Oil (2000)

A simple and rapid method was developed to prepare a large quantity of highly pure conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) chemically-synthesized from safflower seed oil (SSO). CLA-SSO (74.9% in purity) was synthesized from fresh SSO (79.9% of linoleic acid) by alkaline isomerization at 180℃. Urea (50 g) and CLA-SSO (25 g) were completely dissolved in ethanol (750 ml) using a water bath (50℃) and followed by refluxing for 60 min. The resultant was cooled to room temperature and stored in a cold room (4℃) for 24 hrs. After removing the urea adduct by filtration, the filtrate was rotoevaporated under 40℃ and the residue was dissolved in hexane (200 ml). The hexane extract was washed with distilled water (100 ml×3) and dried over sodium sulfate anhydrous. This urea treatment procedure was repeated three times. The purity of CLA recovered from the hexane extract was 95.0%. This method can be applied to prepare a large quantity of highly pure chemically-synthesized CLA (>0.5kg/a batch) from any plant oils containing high percentages (>70%) of linoleic acid.
BinoNav� - A New Positioning System for Maritime (2018)

The overreliance on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is well known and widely publicised. While GNSS is generally available, concerns remain on how maritime operations, and safe navigation in particular, are affected should GNSS not be usable, or become denied for any reason. The General Lighthouse Authorities of the UK and Ireland (GLA) have been working on resilient positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) for many years. This work has included a comprehensive review of different potential solutions and their availability. One option proposed is the development of a ship based positioning system that makes use of a modernised pelorus to work with a modern bridge. Pelorus systems work by providing bearings from fixed positions, normally on the vessel bridge wings, to specific targets visible to the mariner and identified on the navigation chart. By taking several bearings in quick succession, several intersecting lines can be drawn on the navigation chart, providing a position estimation. Clearly, there are limitations to this approach and these are explored within the paper, but can be introduced as: Automation – the time taken to measure the bearings can limit the accuracy; Visibility – performance is limited by the mariner’s ability to see unique targets; Paperless bridges – many vessel bridges are moving away from paper, limiting the mariner’s ability to take bearings and plot them; eNavigation – more bridge systems require an electronic latitude and longitude. In an attempt to resolve most of these limitations, the GLA has been working on the development of an enhanced Pelorus (ePelorus), registered to R&RNAV as “BinoNav”®. Prototype BinoNav® systems have been developed and installed on all GLA vessels for trial. They enable the navigator to take visual bearings to known targets, from anywhere on the bridge using a handheld device – they are no longer confined to the bridge wings and targeting port or starboard objects. Measured bearings are automatically registered and drawn on an electronic chart. Multiple bearings can then be made with ease, each of which is displayed on the chart and the intersecting “cocked-hat” position calculated automatically. This information can then be used to feed other bridge systems and confirm the vessel’s position. This paper will provide a comprehensive overview of the BinoNav® system, provide the results of initial trials and explain the planned development of the proposed solution.