gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems Using Micro-Optics (2011)

Molded plastic micro-optics with 100X solar gain are described. A ±40 acceptance cone is allowed so the lens arrays can be mounted on one-axis heliostats and give achromatic, stationary images on photo-voltaic cells.
Studies on the constituents of the seeds of Hernandia ovigera L. VII. Syntheses of (.+-.)-hernolactone and (.+-.)-hernandin. (1989)

Two new lignans, hernolactone (1) and fernandin (2), isolated from the seeds of Hernandia ovigera L. were synthesized in recemic forms. Firstly, (±)-1 was obtained by utilizing the conjugate addition reaction of 4 with butenolide followed by alkylation with trimethoxybenzyl bromide and subsequent removal of the protecting groups. Synthesis of 2 was pursued using the corresponding 4-phenyl-1, 2-dihydronaphthalene lactone(18). The cleavage of the lactone moiety of 18 afforded an unsaturated hydroxy acid (22). Subsequent hydrogenation of 22 followed by acidification with concetrated hydrochloric acid gave isopicrobernanadin (21), leaving the 2, 3-trans, 3, 4-cis hydroxy acid (23), which was lactonized by means of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to afford (±)-2.
Riboswitch-mediated Attenuation of Transgene Cytotoxicity Increases Adeno-associated Virus Vector Yields in HEK-293 Cells (2015)

Cytotoxicity of transgenes carried by adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors might be desired, for instance, in oncolytic virotherapy or occur unexpectedly in exploratory research when studying sparsely characterized genes. To date, most AAV-based studies use constitutively active promoters (e.g., the CMV promoter) to drive transgene expression, which often hampers efficient AAV production due to cytotoxic, antiproliferative, or unknown transgene effects interfering with producer cell performance. Therefore, we explored artificial riboswitches as novel tools to control transgene expression during AAV production in mammalian cells. Our results demonstrate that the guanine-responsive GuaM8HDV aptazyme efficiently attenuates transgene expression and associated detrimental effects, thereby boosting AAV vector yields up to 23-fold after a single addition of guanine. Importantly, riboswitch-harboring vectors preserved their ability to express functional transgene at high levels in the absence of ligand, as demonstrated in a mouse model of AAV-TGFβ1-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Thus, our study provides the first application-ready biotechnological system-based on aptazymes, which should enable high viral vector yields largely independent of the transgene used. Moreover, the RNA-intrinsic, small-molecule regulatable mode of action of riboswitches provides key advantages over conventional transcription factor-based regulatory systems. Therefore, such riboswitch vectors might be ultimately applied to temporally control therapeutic transgene expression in vivo.
E, R AND <i>γ</i> (1969)

By γ , we mean the rule, “From ├ A and ├ Ā V B , infer ├ B ”. 1 This rule has played an important and a controversial role in a set of relevant logics free of certain well-known paradoxes of implication, like AĀ-→B and A-→(B-→B) . Among these logics we count the pioneering systems of strenge Implikation presented by Ackermann in [1], 2 as well as the Anderson-Belnap systems E of entail-ment and R of relevant implication. 3
Comparative Genomics of Two Closely Related Unicellular Thermo-Acidophilic Red Algae, <i>Galdieria sulphuraria</i> and <i>Cyanidioschyzon merolae</i>, Reveals the Molecular Basis of the Metabolic Flexibility of <i>Galdieria</i>  <i>sulphuraria</i> and Significant Differences in Carbohydrate Metabolism of Both Algae (2005)

Unicellular algae serve as models for the study and discovery of metabolic pathways, for the functional dissection of cell biological processes such as organellar division and cell motility, and for the identification of novel genes and gene functions. The recent completion of several algal genome sequences and expressed sequence tag collections and the establishment of nuclear and organellar transformation methods has opened the way for functional genomics approaches using algal model systems. The thermo-acidophilic unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria represents a particularly interesting species for a genomics approach owing to its extraordinary metabolic versatility such as heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth on more than 50 different carbon sources and its adaptation to hot acidic environments. However, the ab initio prediction of genes required for unknown metabolic pathways from genome sequences is not trivial. A compelling strategy for gene identification is the comparison of similarly sized genomes of related organisms with different physiologies. Using this approach, candidate genes were identified that are critical to the metabolic versatility of Galdieria. Expressed sequence tags and high-throughput genomic sequence reads covering >70% of the G. sulphuraria genome were compared to the genome of the unicellular, obligate photoautotrophic red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. More than 30% of the Galdieria sequences did not relate to any of the Cyanidioschyzon genes. A closer inspection of these sequences revealed a large number of membrane transporters and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism that are unique to Galdieria. Based on these data, it is proposed that genes involved in the uptake of reduced carbon compounds and enzymes involved in their metabolism are crucial to the metabolic flexibility of G. sulphuraria.
Formal verification-a viable alternative to simulation? (2002)

Functional validation and regression simulations constitute a large part of the entire ASIC design process and schedule. The drive to decrease time to market has resulted in pressure to reduce total simulation times. Formal verification addresses the schedule problem by eliminating the need for regression simulations. The paper investigates whether formal verification is a viable alternative to regression simulations for functional verification in a Verilog based design flow. The investigative methods were based on applying formal verification on all steps in the verification process. It is concluded that regression simulations can be mostly replaced by formal verification.
Mutation in the epsilon subunit of the cytosolic chaperonin-containing t-complex peptide-1 (Cct5) gene causes autosomal recessive mutilating sensory neuropathy with spastic paraplegia (2006)

This is the first disease causing mutation that has been identified in the human CCT subunit genes; the mf rat mutant could serve as an animal model for studying these chaperonopathies.
Solid Phase Epitaxy of LPCVD Amorphous Silicon Films (1987)

Solid phase epitaxy of 190 nm amorphous silicon films deposited by LPCVD at 545°C on silicon substrates was studied. A single silicon implantation at 190 keV was performed to initiate the SPE1 process. The effect of the silicon dose in the range on the quality of the epitaxial layer was studied by TEM. Epitaxial crystallization of the amorphous silicon was obtained for a silicon dose greater than after annealing for 65h at 650°C. The main defects in the film were dislocations and microtwins. The density of defects decreased after annealing at 950°C for 30 min. In addition to defects in the epitaxial layer a residual dislocation band was observed in the substrate. The depth and width of this dislocation band is determined by the silicon dose.
Adaptive and Dynamic Hypertext Tutoring Systems Based on Knowledge Space Theory (1997)

E�Mail � fDietrich.AlbertjCord.Hockemeyerg � kfunigraz.ac.at Knowledge space theory provides a formal model for representing students� knowledge and describing the structure of a domain of knowledge. A similar formal structure can be used to described the structure of hypertexts. The combination of knowledge space theory and the formal hypertext model leads to a framework for intelligent tutoring systems which provides individualized learning paths to a student. Using powerful procedures from relational database systems and from knowledge space theory � we get e. g. an e�cient selection of appropriate teaching documents. 1 Introduction and previous results Doignon and Falmagne �1 � introduced the theory of knowledge spaces which provides a mean to formally describe the structure of a given domain of knowledge. We introduce the theoretical concepts in Section 1.1 below. The basic idea is the description of a student�s knowledge by the set of problems �items � he or she is able to solve. The set of possible knowledge states is
Use of pathology services in re‐engineered clinical pathways (2000)

A significant proportion of pathology tests ordered in hospital are unnecessary. Specific measures targeting the increasing appropriateness of pathology service use have been shown to decrease overall ordering of laboratory tests. However, it is not clear whether general programmes to improve quality of care will have any impact on the use of pathology services. Use of pathology services was compared within two separate prospective controlled clinical trials of re-engineered clinical pathways for both elective (surgical) patients and acute unplanned (medical) admissions. Trial One was a controlled trial of a re-engineered surgical service. Booked patients in the treatment group were admitted on the day of surgery, care was guided by a clinical pathway, and patients were discharged early with domiciliary post-acute care. Controls were admitted on the day before surgery, treated according to usual practice and discharged according to surgeons' preferences. In Trial Two, acute medical patients admitted to hospital through the Emergency Department (ED) were randomised into a treatment (Hospital in the Home) or a control (inpatient) care pathway. In both studies, patients on the re-engineered clinical pathways were well matched demographically and clinically. Health outcomes and satisfaction ratings were comparable. Seventy per cent fewer laboratory tests were ordered in the elective surgery intervention group (P < 0.0001), while the treatment group of the acute medical patients had 25% fewer tests ordered (P = 0.0133). Pooled results also showed a significantly lower rate of test ordering (P < 0.001) for the treatment group (Mann-Whitney U-Wilcoxon ranked sum test). The findings of these audits of controlled, prospective trials suggested overuse of laboratory tests in New South Wales public hospitals, and that savings can be generated by using clinical pathways and applying clinical criteria to the ordering of tests without adversely affecting health outcomes.
Dietary fat, olive oil intake and breast cancer risk (1994)

As part of a population-based case-control study on diet and breast cancer in Spain, the role of dietary fat and vegetable oils in breast cancer etiology was examined. A validated, semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was completed by 762 women, 18-75 years of age, with histologically confirmed, newly diagnosed breast cancer, and 988 randomly selected female controls. For each food item and nutrient, the study subjects were divided into quartiles according to intake levels, with the lowest quartile serving as the reference category. Adjustment for total energy intake and other potential confounders was made using multiple logistic regression for all women as well as separately for pre- and post-menopausal women. Neither total fat intake nor specific types of fat were significantly associated with breast cancer in pre- or post-menopausal women. However, higher consumption of olive oil (rich in monounsaturated fat) was significantly related to a lower risk of breast cancer [for highest vs. lowest quartile of consumption, odds ratio (OR) = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.46-0.97] with a significant dose-response trend. While these findings do not support a relation between total fat intake and breast cancer risk, they do provide evidence for an inverse association between olive oil (and suggest one between monounsaturated fat) and risk of breast cancer.
The Chemical, Spectral, and Biological Properties of Monomethine Cyanine Dyes Containing 1,3-Benzoxazine and Quinazoline Nuclei (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemical, Spectral, and Biological Properties of Monomethine Cyanine Dyes Containing 1,3-Benzoxazine and Quinazoline NucleiRichard W. J. Carney, Janice Wojtkunski, Edward A. Konopka, and George DeStevensCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1966, 9, 5, 758–762Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00323a027RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (489 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Prescribed Pediatric Extended Care (PPEC): A New Link in the Continuum (1987)

The Prescribed Pediatric Extended Care (PPEC) Center is a nonresidential, family-centered health care service prescribed by a physician for children who are medically and/or technologically dependent As part of the continuum of care for medically dependent children, the PPEC center provides a triad of necessary services day medical care, developmental programming, and parental training The PPEC Center provides a less restrictive alternative to hospitahzation and reduces the isolation often experienced by the homebound, medically dependent child.
DESIGN METHODOLOGY FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROPERTIES FOR HYBRID VAPOR PERMEATION-DISTILLATION PROCESSES (2001)

Abstract Hybrid processes of distillation and vapor permeation are considered promising alternatives to azeotropic and extractive distillation. The research is directed toward developing membranes with improved separation properties and longer life times. We show that membranes with very high selectivities are not desirable when a very high purity of the retentate is required. A design methodology was developed to calculate the optimum separation properties for the membranes within hybrid processes. The results of the simulation encourage the use of low-selectivity membranes, especially if the membrane step is coupled to a distillation step. The method is applied to an ethanol dehydration process. However, it can be applied to other membrane separation processes as well. Keywords: Vapor permeationHybridDistillationProcess designOptimization ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Alaa Fahmy expresses his gratitude for the support provided by the Institut für Chemie of the GKSS Forschungszentrum. Dipl.-Ing. Olaf Stange is especially acknowledged for providing experimental data. Notes Another common separation index is the Rony's extent of separation Citation[30], which was refined by Sirkar Citation[31] for single entry barrier separation processes. This index has been extensively used for the characterization of gas separation stages Citation32-33 and pervaporation Citation[34].
L‐648,051, a novel cysteinyl‐leukotriene antagonist is active by the inhaled route in man. (1989)

1. We have studied some of the pharmacological properties of inhaled L-648,051 which has been shown to be a selective cysteinyl-leukotriene (LT) antagonist in vitro and in vivo in various animal models. 2. The effects of three different doses (1.6, 6.0 and 12.0 mg) on the bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled LTD4 have been investigated in normal male subjects in a series of double-blind, placebo controlled studies. Furthermore, the specificity of the drug has been investigated by challenging subjects with histamine after pre-inhalation of 12.0 mg L-648,051. 3. At all doses L-648,051 partially blocked the bronchoconstriction induced by LTD4 inhalation in a dose related manner. At a dose of 12.0 mg, L-648,051 decreased the maximum fall in specific airways conductance (sGaw) (placebo, 49% vs L-648,051, 21%, P less than 0.01) and shortened the time to recovery from LTD4-induced bronchoconstriction (placebo, 41 min vs L-648,051, 19 min, P less than 0.01). 4. There was no evidence of partial agonist activity, and no effect on histamine-induced bronchospasm. Inhaled L-648,051 at all doses was well tolerated. 5. We conclude that LT antagonism is possible by the inhaled route in man. Inhaled L-648,051 is an active and selective LT-antagonist in man which is well tolerated and may prove to be a useful drug for assessing the role of leukotrienes in asthma and other lung diseases.
An Inverse Method for the Identification of Localized Excitation Sources (2002)

In this contribution, an algorithm is presented to estimate the forces that are acting on a structure starting from the measured response spectra and the estimated modal parameters of the structure. Force identification requires the inversion of the complete frequency response function (FRF) matrices, which can be derived form the estimated modal parameters. These FRF matrices are however rank deficient, and thus, badly conditioned. In practice, a pseudo-inverse of the FRF matrix is often used. This approach results in forces that are distributed over the whole structure. This makes it not always straightforward to detect the location of the sources. In this contribution, an iterative weighted pseudo-inverse algorithm is presented having much better localization properties. The weighting factors are determined in such a way that the p -norm of the forces with p going to zero, is minimized.
Acute myeloid leukemia chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy: how far up the road have we traveled? (2018)

Chemotherapy resistance and relapse remain significant sources of mortality for children and adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Further intensification of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy is likely not feasible due to the severity of acute and long-term side effects upon normal tissues commonly induced by these drugs. Successful development and implementation of new precision medicine treatment approaches for patients with AML, which may improve leukemia remission and diminish toxicity, is thus a major priority. Tumor antigen-redirected chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapies have induced remarkable responses in patients with relapsed or chemorefractory B-lymphoblastic leukemia, and similar strategies are now under early clinical study in adults with relapsed/refractory AML. However, potential on target/off tumor toxicity of AML CAR T-cell immunotherapies, notably aplasia of normal myeloid cells, may limit broader implementation of such approaches. Careful selection of optimal target antigens, consideration of toxicity mitigation strategies, and development of methodologies to circumvent potential CAR T-cell resistance are essential for successful implementation of cellular immunotherapies for patients with high-risk AML.
A NOVEL AND BIOMIMETIC SYNTHESIS OF (±)-CHELAMINE, (±)-CHELIDONINE, SANGUINARINE, AND DIHYDROSANGUINARINE FROM COPTISINE VIA A COMMON INTERMEDIATE (1986)

Abstract (±)-Chelamine and (±)-chelidonine, B/C cis hexahydrobenzo[c]phenanthridxne alkaloids were stereoselectively synthesized from coptisine via the key intermediate, which was also converted to fully aromatized benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids, sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine.
The Business of iPhone and iPad App Development: Making and Marketing Apps that Succeed (2011)

The phenomenal success of the iPhone, iPad and the iPod touch has ushered in a âgold rushâ for developers, but with well over 300,000 apps in the highly competitive App Store, it has become increasingly difficult for new apps to stand out in the crowd. Achieving consumer awareness and sales longevity for your iOS app requires a lot of organization and some strategic planning. Updated and expanded for iOS 4, this bestselling book will show you how to incorporate marketing and business savvy into every aspect of the design and development process, giving your app the best possible chance of succeeding in the App Store. The Business of iPhone and iPad App Development was written by experienced developers with business backgrounds, taking you step-by-step through cost effective marketing techniques that have proven successful for professional iOS app creatorsâperfect for independent developers on shoestring budgets. No prior business knowledge is required. This is the book you wish you had read before you launched your first app!
Control of number of graphene layers grown by chemical vapor deposition (2010)

Abstract Here we report the data on the few layer graphene films grown by a chemical vapour deposition on nickel foils and transferred onto desirable substrates for different applications. The experimental conditions have been optimized to prepare a really single graphene layer. A strong influence of the growth conditions onto the number of graphene layers has been revealed. Raman spectroscopy was used to confirm the formation of the single graphene layer with a little amount of defects. To estimate a transmittance of graphene films the optical absorption spectra have been measured. A number of graphene layers in different samples has been estimated on the base of an optical absorbance of a monolayer graphene (2.3% of the incident light intensity). (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Inhibition by bradykinin of voltage-activated barium current in a rat dorsal root ganglion cell line: role of protein kinase C (1991)

The whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record Ba2+ currents through voltage-activated calcium channels in the clonal dorsal root ganglion cell line F11-B9. The pain-producing peptide bradykinin (BK; 100 nM) reduced the sustained Ba2+ current in F11-B9 cells by 30%. In cultures prelabeled with 3H-arachidonic acid and tested under ionic conditions similar to those used for recording Ba2+ currents, BK also induced a concentration-dependent, transient, 2.7-fold accumulation of 3H-diacylglycerol. Both the elevation of 3H-diacylglycerol and the inhibition of Ba2+ current began within 5 sec following BK exposure, and the effective concentration range of BK was similar for the 2 responses. In whole-cell recordings, extracellularly applied 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG; 0.5-5 microM) mimicked the degree of block and occluded the block of sustained current by BK. Another protein kinase C (PKC) activator, 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol (diC8), blocked 70-100% of sustained current when applied intracellularly or extracellularly at 5 microM, whereas extracellular application of ethylene glycol dioctanoate (5 microM), an analog reported not to stimulate PKC, inhibited only 14% of sustained current. The pseudosubstrate peptide PKC19-36 (2 microM in pipette) and the lipid staurosporine (100 nM in pipette), both inhibitors of PKC, reduced the effects of maximal concentrations of OAG or BK by 55-60%. Dynorphin A applied intracellularly (2 microM) as a control for nonspecific effects of PKC19-36 did not inhibit the block of sustained current by BK. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that BK inhibits whole-cell sustained Ba2+ current in F11-B9 cells via a mechanism that involves activation of PKC.
Suppurative Sinusitis Following a Dehorning Operation (1952)

On Dec. 13, 1951, a yearling Hereford bull was admitted to the Stange Memorial Clinic for treatment with a history of having been dehorned December 1. On December 12, the owner had noticed the area around the left eye swollen and had summoned a local veterinarian, who referred the case to the clinic.