gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance characterization for a dual-channel multimedia multiplexer (2002)

An efficient system for simultaneously multiplexing a large number of isochronous and asynchronous data channels over a much smaller number of communication channels is presented. The multiplexer uses a dual-channel as a switching media. Perfect time-division multiplexing scheduling for the carrier-sense channel is achieved. Each DSO channel of a T1 trunk is addressable. The high switching efficiency comes from the employment of the digital signal energy detection in each isochronous DSO channel. Voice and real-time data are multiplexed synchronously. The exact formula of the delay-throughput analysis for the asynchronous data is derived. The effect of mean voice talkspurts length is addressed for the delay performance of the asynchronous data traffic. When no hangover time is added to the speech energy detection, the asynchronous data packet delay time is proven to be very small.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Survey on Methods for Time-Frequency Analysis (1998)

Time analysis and frequency analysis are both well-established ways in engineering to gain more knowledge about a physical phenomena. Time and frequncy analysis can be combinen in a joint time and frequency distribution. A simple method to gain a joint distribution is to window segments of the data at different time locations and calculate its Fourier transform. By doing this a set of 'local' spectra are gained and joined to present a time-frequency distribution. This method is well known as the Short-Time Fourier Transform. The Short-Time Fourier Transform has the disatvantage that i does not localize time and frequency phenomena very well. Instead the time-frequency information is scattered which depends on the length of the window. This can be attended to by altering the length of the window bu a certain balance between good time and good frequency localization is unavoidable. To cope with this disadvantage, the Wavelet Transform uses dilated and translated functions, which are local in time, and frequency, which results in good frequency resolutin for low-frequency phenomena and good time resolution for high-frequency phenomena. The advantage of the Wavelet Transform is its efficient fast transform in discrete time. But still, there is no complete solution to the localization problem. Adaptive Time-Frequency Analysis can be advantageous for solving the localization problem. The functionality of methods is hereby adapted to the time-frequency content of the signa. The Adaptive Wavelet Packets Transform is based upon the Wavelet Transform but is a more general way to gain a time-frequency distribution. It is even possible to gain a time-frequency distribution similar to the Short-Time Fourier Transform. The energy levels in the frequency bands determine the frequency resolution. Much energy located in a small frequency band will result in good frequency resolution for the specific band. Other frequency areas will be analyzed with as good time resolution as possible. Sine wave with constant frequency precedes time phenomena. The method is implemented using a fast Quadrature Mirror Filter bank tree which form determines resolution of the analysis. In the Adaptive Window Short-Time Fourier Transform, the time phenomena precede sine waves in the analysis. Good time resolution is gained where the time-frequency concentration is highest for short windows. Other time intervals will be analyzed with a longer window, to gain better frequency resolution. The method is implemented using a set of Fast Fourier Transform calculations.
Theoretical considerations in the design of integrated semiconductor sensors applying electrets (1985)

The usefulness of permanently charged electrets in realizing condenser microphones is well known; however, to date they have hardly been applied in integrated semiconductor sensors. The results of investigations to apply electrets in semiconductor sensors are presented in this paper. Conditions are determined for their use in integrated microphone applications as well as for realizing an electret pressure sensor. The first experimental results of the latter use are presented and appear to be very promising.
The p53-dependent apoptotic pathway of breast cancer cells (BC-M1) induced by the bis-type bioreductive compound aziridinylnaphthoquinone (2004)

The AZ-1-induced cell death of BC-M1 cells mediating the apoptosis pathway might be associated with p53 protein expression, and AZ-1 could have the chance to be a candidate drug for anti-breast cancer following more experimental evidence, such as animal models.
Image search using trained flexible shape models (1994)

This paper describes a technique for building compact models of the shape and appearance of flexible objects seen in two-dimensional images. The models are derived from the statistics of sets of images of example objects with ‘landmark’ points labelled on each object. Each model consists of a flexible shape template, describing how the landmark points can vary, and a statistical model of the expected grey levels in regions around each point. Such models have proved useful in a wide variety of applications. We describe how the models can be used in local image search and give examples of their application.
Structural properties and cation ordering in layered hexagonal<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ca</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Co</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2006)

A series of ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ $(0.15\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.40)$ materials have been prepared by means of an ion exchange reaction from ${\mathrm{Na}}_{x}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements revealed a rich variety of structural phenomena resulting from cation ordering, structural distortion, and twinning. Systematic structural analysis, in combination with the experimental data of ${\mathrm{Na}}_{x}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ $(0.15\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.8)$ and ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ $(1.5\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.4)$ systems, suggests that there are two common well-defined cation ordered states corresponding, respectively, to the orthorhombic superstructure at around $x=1∕2$ and the ${3}^{1∕2}a\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{3}^{1∕2}a$ superstructure at around $x=1∕3$ in this kind of system. Multiple ordered states, phase separation, and incommensurate structural modulations commonly appear in the materials with $0.33<x<0.5$. The TEM observations also reveal an additional periodic structural distortion with ${\mathbf{q}}_{2}={\mathbf{a}}^{*}∕2$ in materials for $x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.35$. This structural modulation also appears in the remarkable superconducting phase ${\mathrm{Na}}_{0.33}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}∙1.3{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$.
Microelectronic reliability predictions derived from component defect densities (2002)

A physics-of-failure approach to reliability prediction for integrated circuits is discussed. The analysis described is based upon the expectation that no integrated circuit can ever be free of imperfections and the assumption that both microscopic (point) defects and macroscopic flaws play influential roles in determining IC reliability. It is demonstrated that the microscopic defects can be directly implicated in gradual degradation over time via analyses related to those used in modeling a variety of solid-state phenomena.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A transversely excited multiatmosphere CO2 waveguide laser (1977)

A CO2 waveguide laser with a silicon cathode is described. Laser action can be obtained at pressures over 4 atm without preionization. At atmospheric pressue specific outputs as high as 5 J/l have been obtained, and the laer operated at pulse repetition frequencies up to 1 kHz.
CFU-M-derived human megakaryocytes synthesize glycoproteins IIb and IIIa (1986)

Human megakaryocytes have been shown by immunofluorescent techniques to express platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antigen. We report evidence that megakaryocytes derived from human committed megakaryocytic progenitor cells in vitro (CFU-M) synthesize glycoproteins IIb and IIIa. Nonadherent light-density human bone marrow cells were cultured in human plasma and methylcellulose using conditions that promote large megakaryocytic colonies. On day 13 the megakaryocytic colonies were picked, pooled, and pulsed with 35S-methionine in methionine-free media. Populations of approximately 100,000 cells with greater than or equal to 95% viability and containing 70% to 90% megakaryocytes were obtained reliably for study. After the radioactive pulse, the cell suspension was solubilized with nonionic detergent. To reduce nonspecific binding of 35S-labeled proteins to agarose, the lysate was chromatographed sequentially on glycine-quenched Affi-gel and antihuman factor X-Sepharose. The unbound material from these resins was then chromatographed on an antiglycoprotein IIb/IIIa monoclonal antibody resin (HP1–1D-Sepharose) or on a control monoclonal antibody resin. Bound fractions were eluted and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. Autoradiograms of diethylamine eluates from HP1–1D-Sepharose revealed two labeled proteins with electrophoretic mobilities identical with those of human platelet membrane glycoproteins IIb and IIIa, isolated using similar conditions. Autoradiograms of material synthesized by control macrophages from the same donors revealed no significant labeling of proteins in the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa molecular weight range, nor were such proteins bound by HP1–1D-Sepharose. Our observations show that protein synthesis by CFU-M-derived human megakaryocytes can be readily studied using a small amount of bone marrow aspirate as starting material. This approach will allow the study of protein synthesis by megakaryocytes from normal subjects or from subjects with clinical disorders, and it will circumvent the need to obtain large amounts of bone marrow to prepare enriched populations of megakaryocytes.
Complete <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR assignments of a series of pergalloylated tannins (2015)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Blood pressure changes during clozapine or olanzapine treatment in Korean schizophrenic patients (2008)

Our findings suggest that clozapine treatment may be associated with increased blood pressure and higher prevalence of hypertension, which may have a significant impact on medical morbidity and mortality.
Carbon Nanotubes: A Review on Structure and Their Interaction with Proteins (2012)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a nanostructure that can have a length‐to‐diameter ratio greater than 1,000,000. Techniques have been developed to produce nanotubes in sizeable quantities, including arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition. Developments in the past few years have illustrated the potentially revolutionizing impact of nanomaterials, especially in biomedical imaging, drug delivery, biosensing, and the design of functional nanocomposites. Methods to effectively interface proteins with nanomaterials for realizing these applications continue to evolve. The high surface‐to‐volume ratio offered by nanoparticles resulted in the concentration of the immobilized entity being considerably higher than that afforded by other materials. There has also been an increasing interest in understanding the influence of nanomaterials on the structure and function of proteins. Various immobilization methods have been developed, and in particular, specific attachment of enzymes on carbon nanotubes has been an important focus of attention. With the growing attention paid to cascade enzymatic reaction, it is possible that multienzyme coimmobilization would be one of the next goals in the future. In this paper, we focus on advances in methodology for enzyme immobilization on carbon nanotubes.
Detection of PCR Products in Solution Using Surface Plasmon Resonance (1999)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were detected using a flow injection-type sensor based on surface plasmon resonance. Asymmetric PCR was used to amplify the target DNA sequence, and two products with different length were produced. The novelty of our DNA detection system was that our target DNA was double stranded but the probe binding site, located in the 3'-terminus, was single stranded. This avoids the formation of intra- and intermolecular complexes. This novel design permitted us not only to detect PCR product but also to develop a rapid detection system for the detection of the verotoxin 2 gene of Escherichia coli O157:H7.
691. Sulphonamides. Part III. Sulphanilamidocarboxyamides as intestinal antiseptics; the influence of pK a and hydrogen-bonding capacity (1949)

J. H. Gorvin, J. Chem. Soc., 1949, 3304 DOI: 10.1039/JR9490003304
Natural language learning (1995)

article Free Access Share on Natural language learning Author: Eugene Charniak Brown Univ., Providence, RI Brown Univ., Providence, RIView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 27Issue 301 September 1995pp 317–319https://doi.org/10.1145/212094.212108Published:01 September 1995Publication History 2citation759DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads759Last 12 Months26Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Exploring sexual and relationship possibilities for people with psychosis – a review of the literature (2003)

This review examines the literature on sex and relationship issues in the context of serious and persistent mental health problems. It identifies gaps in the research and highlights key issues needing further investigation. The available published documents have been identified, which contain information, ideas, data and evidence on the topic. A critical analysis of the subject, through the examination of the various documents, is provided. The main themes that emerged included HIV/AIDS, medication and sexual dysfunction, sexuality needs, intimate relationships, family planning, policies and sex education. Several subthemes are discussed and include needs assessment, stigma and loneliness. The key findings highlight the lack of systematic studies in the UK, especially regarding the subjective views of patients in determining need and the subsequent development of appropriate plans of care. The author argues that future mental health research needs to go beyond investigating perceived 'risky' behaviours and should include potential therapeutic responses in all areas of sexuality. Further recommendations are made in terms of nurse education particularly the inclusion of psychosexual aspects in future pre- and postregistration curricula. This paper may be of interest to service users, mental health practitioners working alongside people with serious and persistent mental health problems as well as educators, researchers and policy makers.
Hybrid Diffusion Imaging (HYDI) (2006)

Hybrid diffusion imaging (HYDI) is a new diffusion MRI method for characterizing complex diffusion. Diffusion-weighted measurements are obtained on multiple 'shells' of constant diffusion weighting. This diffusion encoding approach is amenable to multiple types of diffusion imaging analysis. The inner shells may be used to estimate the diffusion tensor and generate maps of the diffusion anisotropy and mean diffusivity. The outer shell, which has high angular resolution, may be used to estimate the distribution of white matter fiber tracts in a voxel. Finally, all of the data may be used to estimate the diffusion displacement spectrum for characterizing the full diffusion behavior in a voxel. HYDI experiments were performed on the brains of healthy volunteers and the results are presented. Overall, HYDI is an efficient and promising method for characterizing complex diffusion in the human brain and potentially other tissues.
Bridging the semantic gap using Ranking SVM for image retrieval (2009)

One of the main challenges for Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is to achieve meaningful mappings between the high-level semantic concepts and the low-level visual features in images. This paper presents an approach for bridging this semantic gap to improve retrieval quality using the Ranking Support Vector Machine (Ranking SVM) algorithm. Ranking SVM is a supervised learning algorithm which models the relationship between semantic concepts and image features, and performs retrieval at the semantic level. We apply it to the problem of vertebra shape retrieval on a digitized spine x-ray image collection from the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). The experimental results show that the retrieval precision is improved 2.45 - 15.16% using the proposed approach.
Beak Trimming Handbook for Egg Producers (2006)

The Beak Trimming Handbook for Egg Producers is a straightforward, practical guide to beak trimming of egg-laying hens to minimise cannibalism. It provides comprehensive information on why birds peck and how pecking can lead to problems like cannibalism; the methods available to beak trim birds; why a particular method should be chosen; and at what age birds may be trimmed. The book addresses quality control of beak trimming, enabling egg producers to be confident that equipment is properly set up, that birds are handled and trimmed according to best practice and farm biosecurity is maintained. Management of birds following beak trimming, to protect of the welfare of the birds and to ensure maximum productivity, is covered in detail. Best-practice, current methods of beak trimming, costs of trimming and ways to reduce the use of trimming are examined, along with expected future developments. The advantages and disadvantages of beak trimming are fully explored, covering both public and industry attitudes to the operation. Alternatives to beak trimming are canvassed to understand how the use of fitted devices, enrichment devices, abrasives, low lighting and the choice of low-pecking strains of birds can reduce the need for beak trimming. Finally, the book discusses strategies for minimising cannibalism and how the chosen strategy may be documented and justified. Please note that this book is spiral-bound.
Mechanism of 2-aminopurine mutagenesis in mouse T-lymphosarcoma cells. (1982)

We investigated the mechanism of action of 2-aminopurine (Apur) in eucaryotic cells. By analogy with studies in procaryotic systems, the base analog is presumed to incorporate into DNA predominantly opposite T where, upon subsequent DNA replication, it can mispair with C, inducing an A:T leads to G:C transition. This model predicts that Apur-induced mutagenesis will be enhanced by factors that favor formation of Apur-C mispairs, e.g., high levels of dCTP or low levels of TTP. We describe the use of a mutant T-lymphosarcoma cell line, AraC-6-1, which has an abnormally high dCTP pool and a low TTP pool, to test this prediction. AraC-6-1 cells were three- to fivefold more mutable by Apur than their parental cell line, NSU-1. This enhanced mutability by Apur could not be explained by altered incorporation of 3H-labeled Apur, by generally impaired ability to repair DNA damage, or by a direct effect of Apur on the endogenous deoxynucleotide pools. The addition of 10 microM thymidine to the growth medium of AraC-6-1 cells lowered their high dCTP pool (two- to threefold), raised the TTP pool (two- to threefold), and abolished their enhanced mutability by Apur. Further manipulation to produce an abnormally high TTP/dCTP ratio suppressed Apur-induced mutagenesis (8- to 10-fold) in both AraC-6-1 and NSU-1 cells. These observations support the hypothesis that Apur induces A:T leads to G:C transitions in mammalian cells by a mispairing mechanism.
Treatment options for chronic myeloid leukemia (2012)

Although imatinib represented a mayor therapeutic advancement over conventional chemotherapy, second-generation TKIs offer higher rates of optimal response and should be used as the frontline therapy. Patients with the T315I mutation carry a worse prognosis and should be offered allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The treatment in advanced stages of CML remains suboptimal and bench, translational and clinical research is encouraged.
Latino School Dropout and Popular Culture: Envisioning Solutions to a Pervasive Problem (2008)

The richest nation of the world, the United States still struggles to graduate 50% of its Latina/o high school students. Nominal policy attention on this issue begs the need for bolder and more creative initiatives that call attention to this crisis. States, districts, and schools need to reconfigure this pedagogical crisis by leveraging all venues of potential support, including popular culture. The author calls for courageous leadership that moves beyond the traditional teaching and learning dynamic to address this problem impacting the future of the Latino community's health and mobility.
The total synthesis of the diepoxycyclohexanone antibiotic aranorosin and novel synthetic analogues (1996)

A short synthesis of the novel antibiotic aranorosin in chiral form is described which employs (i) a novel hypervalent iodine-mediated oxidative hydroxylation of a tyrosinal derivative and (ii) a stereocontrolled cis-bisepoxidation in the key steps. A similar procedure was employed to prepare 6′-epiaranorosin, and hence establish the stereochemistry of the natural compound, and to prepare novel aranorosin analogues. An organometallic route is described which gives desamidoaranorosin.
O<sub>2</sub> Reduction in PEM Fuel Cells: Activity and Active Site Structural Information for Catalysts Obtained by the Pyrolysis at High Temperature of Fe Precursors (2000)

Catalytic activity for O2 electroreduction in acidic medium has been studied. Catalysts have been produced by pyrolyzing perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) combined with Fe and N precursors. The Fe precursors used in this work are either FeII acetate or Cl−FeIII Tetramethoxyphenyl porphyrin (Cl−FeTMPP). The N precursors are NH3 and/or Cl−FeTMPP. To be able to vary the catalytic activity, two synthesis procedures have been used, varying either the heat-treatment temperature or the Fe content of the pyrolyzed materials. All the catalysts have been studied by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF SIMS) in order to find out if the relative intensity of one or several secondary ions was following the changes observed in the catalytic activity. Only one ion, FeN2C4+, may be considered as the signature of the catalytic site generated in this work. It has been detected in all prepared catalysts, whatever the Fe precursor or the synthesis procedure was used. It is proposed that this ion is produced under ToF SIMS analysis from part of a 1,10 phenanthrolinic-type structure, which is itself part of the catalytic site. This catalytic site is probably the same as the one obtained by the pyrolysis at high temperature (≥ 800 °C) of N4−Fe macrocycles adsorbed on carbon black. RDE and PEM fuel cell tests demonstrate that the most performing catalysts are those containing 2 wt % Fe as Cl−FeTMPP and 0.2 wt % Fe as Fe acetate. Increasing the Fe content beyond these limits mainly generates catalytically inactive Fe clusters and interferes with the characterization of the high-temperature active site.