gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous electropolishing of Hastelloy substrates for ion-beam assisted deposition of MgO (2003)

We demonstrate the applicability of continuous electropolishing for the preparation of metal tapes for ion-beam assisted deposition of MgO for the fabrication of in-plane textured template layers. These templates are used for the fabrication of second generation high temperature superconducting wires utilizing YBa2Cu3O7−δ coatings on metallic substrates. Surface roughness values below 1 nm and local slopes of less than 1° could be achieved with the electropolishing process. Mean surface roughness values are lower with the use of electropolishing and slopes of surface roughness inclines are significantly reduced compared to the best results of mechanical polishing (3.5 nm and 5°, respectively). The cost-effective process of electropolishing shows great promise for the fabrication of second generation high temperature superconducting wire.
Qubit dispersive readout scheme with a microstrip squid amplifier (2008)

A flux qubit readout scheme involving a dispersive technique coupled to a microstrip squid amplifier has been tested experimentally. Thanks to the almost quantum limited noise of this amplifier at low temperature, this readout device is very promising for a design with actual qubits. It's proof of principle and low noise performance have been tested by simulating the qubit presence applying a tiny flux change in the input squid. The resonant frequency of the amplifier is adjusted in-situ with a varactor diode to approach the frequency of the tank circuit. Depending on the sign of the transfer function, two operating mode (crossing or anticrossing regime) have been identified.
Electromagnetic Theory of the Loosely Braided Coaxial Cable: Part I (1976)

A solution to Maxwell's equations subject to boundary conditions on counterwound helical wires is achieved. The helices are contained in a cylindrical surface that is concentric to a perfectly conducting center conductor of circular cross section. The permittivity of the annular region may be different from that of the external region. The excitation is taken to be symmetrical about the cable which leads to a considerable simplification of the formulation. The key step is to recognize that the assumed form of the current on the thin helical wires is a spatial harmonic expansion that leads to a doubly infinite expansion, in such harmonics, for the resultant fields. The inherent complication of the problem results from the intercoupling between the spatial harmonics of the helix currents. Various generalizations of the theory are also indicated.
Radiation grafting of acrylic and methacrylic acid to cellulose fibers to impart high water sorbency (1980)

Acrylic and methacrylic acids have been directly grafted to rayon and cotton using the preirradiation technique with 60 Co γ rays. The rate of grafting increased with increasing temperature and monomer concentration, as did the final degree of grafting. The amount and rate of grafting also increased with the total irradiation dose but tended to level off at higher doses, in agreement with the leveling off of the radical content reported previously. Methacrylic acid grafted more and faster than acrylic acid to both rayon and cotton. Methacrylic acid grafted more with rayon than cotton, but acrylic acid gave somewhat similar yields with both fibers. The water absorbency of the grafted fibers depended strongly on their posttreatment. Decrystallizing with 70% zinc chloride or with hot sodium hydroxide developed supersorbency. The two treatments in succession, respectively, gave the highest values. Methacrylic acid brought about less sorbency than the corresponding acrylic acid grafts. Useful levels of grafting and supersorbency could be readily and practically achieved by the methods described.
High-Brightness Blue InP Quantum Dot-Based Electroluminescent Devices: The Role of Shell Thickness (2020)

InP quantum dots (QDs) are considered as one of the most promising candidates of Cd- or Pb-based QDs in the applications of display and lighting. However, the performances of blue InP QDs and the corresponding light emitting devices (LEDs) are far inferior to those of their red and green counterparts, which strongly limits the development of InP QD based LEDs (QLEDs) technology. Here, high quantum yield (∼81%) and large size (∼7.0 ± 0.9 nm) InP/GaP/ZnS//ZnS QDs with a thick shell have been successfully synthesized by a shell engineering approach, and the corresponding QLEDs exhibit a record brightness and external quantum efficiency of 3120 cd·m<sup>-2</sup> and 1.01%, respectively. Large-scale density functional theory calculations on thousands-of-atoms QDs indicate that thicker-shell ones favor a more balanced carrier injection in the QD film and simultaneously suppress the FRET between closely packed QDs, which collectively contribute to the improved blue device performances.
The Genus Alistipes: Gut Bacteria With Emerging Implications to Inflammation, Cancer, and Mental Health (2020)

<i>Alistipes</i> is a relatively new genus of bacteria isolated primarily from medical clinical samples, although at a low rate compared to other genus members of the <i>Bacteroidetes</i> phylum, which are highly relevant in dysbiosis and disease. According to the taxonomy database at The National Center for Biotechnology Information, the genus consists of 13 species: <i>Alistipes finegoldii, Alistipes putredinis, Alistipes onderdonkii, Alistipes shahii, Alistipes indistinctus, Alistipes senegalensis, Alistipes timonensis, Alistipes obesi, Alistipes ihumii, Alistipes inops, Alistipes megaguti, Alistipes provencensis</i>, and <i>Alistipes massiliensis. Alistipes communis</i> and <i>A. dispar</i>, and the subspecies <i>A. Onderdonkii</i> subspecies vulgaris (vs. <i>onderdonkii</i> subsp.) are the newest strains featured outside that list. Although typically isolated from the human gut microbiome various species of this genus have been isolated from patients suffering from appendicitis, and abdominal and rectal abscess. It is possible that as <i>Alistipes</i> spp. emerge, their identification in clinical samples may be underrepresented as novel MS-TOF methods may not be fully capable to discriminate distinct species as separate since it will require the upgrading of MS-TOF identification databases. In terms of pathogenicity, there is contrasting evidence indicating that <i>Alistipes</i> may have protective effects against some diseases, including liver fibrosis, colitis, cancer immunotherapy, and cardiovascular disease. In contrast, other studies indicate <i>Alistipes</i> is pathogenic in colorectal cancer and is associated with mental signs of depression. Gut dysbiosis seems to play a role in determining the compositional abundance of <i>Alistipes</i> in the feces (<i>e.g</i>., in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatic encephalopathy, and liver fibrosis). Since <i>Alistipes</i> is a relatively recent sub-branch genus of the <i>Bacteroidetes</i> phylum, and since <i>Bacteroidetes</i> are commonly associated with chronic intestinal inflammation, this narrative review illustrates emerging immunological and mechanistic implications by which <i>Alistipes</i> spp. correlate with human health.
Nonlinear Femtosecond Near Infrared Laser Structuring In Oxide Glasses (2009)

Three-dimensional femtosecond laser structuring has a growing interest because of its ease of implementation and the numerous possible applications in the domain of photonic components. Structures such as waveguides, diffraction gratings, optical memories or photonic crystals can be fabricated thanks to this technique. Its use with oxide glasses is promising because of several advantages; they are resistant to flux and ageing, their chemical composition can easily be changed to fit the well-defined requirements of an application. They can already be found in Raman amplifiers, optical fibers, fiber lasers, and other devices. This thesis is based on two axes. The first axis consists in characterizing the linear and nonlinear optical properties of bulk vitreous materials in order to optimize their composition with a particular application in view. Within this context, the nonlinear optical properties, their physical origins (electronic and nuclear) as well as their characteristic response times (from a few femtoseconds to a few hundreds of picoseconds) are described within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Fused silica and several sodium-borophosphate glasses containing different concentrations in niobium oxide have been studied. Results show that the nonlinear optical properties of fused silica are mainly from electronic origin, whereas in the sodium-borophosphate glasses, the contribution from nuclear origin becomes predominant when the concentration of niobium oxide exceeds 30%. The second axis is based on the structuring of materials. Three commercially available fused silica samples presenting different fabrication conditions (therefore distinct impurity levels) and irradiated with a near infrared femtosecond laser have been studied. The laser induced defects have been identified by means of several spectroscopic techniques. They show the formation of color centers as well as a densification inside the irradiated area. Their linear refractive index and nonlinear third-order susceptibility properties have been measured. Moreover, the structuring of fused silica at the subwavelength scale into “nanogratings” is observed and the form of birefringence induced by these structures is discussed. In addition to the fused silica samples, several oxide glasses presenting very distinct chemical compositions have been studied. A sodium-borophosphate glass containing niobium oxide exhibits micro-cracks and nano-crystallites following irradiation. A silicate glass with or without a silver component reveals fluorescent rings or “nanograting” structures. A zinc phosphate glass containing silver also presents fluorescent ring structures, with a size of the order of 80 nm, well below the diffraction limit. Pump-probe microscope techniques have been performed on this glass to investigate the laser-glass interaction. The absorption mechanism is determined to be four-photon absorption. The generated free electron density is ∼ 1017 cm-3, which suggests the conclusion that an electron gas rather than a plasma is formed during the laser irradiation.
Anopheles gambiae: Africa's Principal Malaria Vector, 1902-1984 (1985)

The malaria situation in Africa can be summed up by saying there has been no real reduction in malaria transmission in tropical Africa over the past few decades, or to put it on a more personal basis certainly not since I was introduced to malariology in West Africa by L. J. BruceChwatt 30 years ago. By far the commonest parasite is Plasmodium falciparum, which is estimated to cause ca. 1 million infant deaths annually in subsaharan Africa, but like so many statistics on malaria in Africa it is likely to be unrealistically low. For example, the number of malaria cases reported to WHO from Africa in 1979 was 5.8 million (WHO 1980), which is clearly an absurd underestimate. A most disturbing event was the discovery of chloroquine resistance falciparum malaria in Tanzania in 1978. Resistance has now spread to Zanzibar, Kenya, Sudan, Malawi, Burundi, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Madagascar, the Comoro Islands, and more recently it has appeared on the other side of Africa in Namibia, Angola, and Gabon. Although there is some suspicion it is present in countries like Ghana and Nigeria, as yet there is no firm evidence it has arrived in West Africa, but I am sure it is only a matter of time before it does.
Privacy Preserving Collaborative Social Network (2008)

There are many kinds of social networks in existence. To our best knowledge, there is no effort on how to construct a social network jointly from different parties. Thus, there is a need for a proper protocol to both make a collaborative social network feasible between different parties and ensure privacy. We propose a series of protocols to create and interact with a privacy preserving collaborative social networks and evaluate their potential. The protocols are implemented, tested and evaluated.
Modification of saccadic eye movements by GABA-related substances. II. Effects of muscimol in monkey substantia nigra pars reticulata (1985)

The preceding study (21) showed that a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist or antagonist injected into the superior colliculus (SC) disrupted saccadic eye movements. The purpose of the present experiments was to determine whether this result was due to altering the inhibitory input to the SC from the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). SNr cells are themselves inhibited by GABA. Injection of muscimol, a GABA agonist, into the SNr should increase the inhibition acting on SNr cells and should reduce the inhibition acting on the SC. If the effects of GABA inhibition in the SC results from terminals originating in the SNr, muscimol in the SNr should act like bicuculline in the SC. Muscimol in the SNr has the same general effect as bicuculline in the SC. The monkey made irrepressible saccades toward the contralateral visual field where cells in the SNr at the injection site had their visual or movement field. During visual fixation saccadic jerks occurred, interspersed with spontaneous saccades, instead of saccades to visual targets or to remembered targets. Saccades to remembered targets were more vulnerable to these saccadic intrusions than were saccades to visual targets. Since muscimol in the SNr acts like bicuculline in the SC, we conclude that a substantial fraction of GABA-mediated inhibitory inputs in the SC originates from the SNr. These experiments, in conjunction with previous experiments, show that the SNr exerts a tonic inhibition on saccade-related cells in SC and that this inhibition is mediated by GABA. The role of the SNr in initiation of saccades to remembered targets is particularly important since these saccades are more severely disrupted by muscimol in the SNr as well as in the SC. We suggest that both of these conclusions about eye movement might apply to skeletal movements as well. First, the basal ganglia contribute to the initiation of movement by a release of the target structure from tonic inhibition. Second, this mechanism is particularly critical of the movements based on stored or remembered signals that are not currently available as incoming sensory inputs.
High performance telecontrol remote unit (2002)

The purpose of this presentation is to describe the basic architecture of a high performance telecontrol remote terminal unit (RTU), in respect to the following aspects: distributed architecture and high precision synchronisation. The RTU architecture was chosen to be distributed in order to reduce cabling costs and cabling difficulties, caused by the several hundreds of signals that must be connected to the acquisition points (plant interface close to equipment terminals) in a factory. This also provides the means to distribute the processing power between all the units that compose the RTU, and to create two different EMC immunity requirements, one for the field units and other (less restrictive) for the central unit, using one high immunity communication medium as the connection path between all the system components (fiber optic).
A functional role for osteopontin in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis in the rat. (1998)

This study examined whether osteopontin (OPN), a molecule with monocyte chemotactic and adhesive activity, participates in macrophage-mediated renal disease, Accelerated anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis was induced in groups of six rats. Animals were treated with a neutralizing anti-OPN or an irrelevant control antibody over days 0-7 (induction phase) or days 7-14 (established disease). Administration of the control antibody had no effect on the severity of the disease. In contrast, anti-OPN treatment significantly reduced glomerular injury (urinary protein excretion) and prevented a loss of renal function (creatinine clearance) during the induction of disease. This was accompanied by a significant reduction in renal macrophage and T-cell accumulation, T-cell activation, and histological injury (glomerular hypercellularity, segmental lesions, crescents, and tubulointerstitial lesions). An important finding was that anti-OPN treatment of established crescentic glomerulonephritis led to a significant reduction in glomerular injury and recovery of renal function in association with inhibition of macrophage and T-cell accumulation, T-cell activation, and histological damage. Anti-OPN treatment significantly inhibited the upregulation of OPN and its ligand CD44 but demonstrated no effect on upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in the kidney. Interestingly, anti-OPN treatment significantly reduced skin swelling and leukocyte infiltration in the delayed type hypersensitivity response. However, anti-OPN treatment had no effect on the humoral immune response. In summary, this study has demonstrated that OPN plays a functional role in macrophage and T-cell accumulation and renal damage in both the induction and progression of a rat model of crescentic glomerulonephritis. Thus, OPN may be of pathological importance in human glomerulonephritis and in cell-mediated immune diseases generally.
Four Challenges for Statistical Agencies (2016)

Prepared as a Cornell professor before Abowd assumed an executive role at the Census Bureau. His Census Bureau appointment started on June 1, 2016. This is not an official statement or presentation by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Adenovirus-relaxin gene therapy for keloids: implication for reversing pathological fibrosis (2011)

These results suggest that the antifibrotic effect of RLX-expressing adenovirus may have therapeutic effects on keloids by reversing pathological fibrosis and preventing keloid recurrence after surgical excision.
STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENICITY OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI (1959)

Four strains of Group A streptococci, possessing different degrees of virulence for both mice and rats, were tested for susceptibility to phagocytosis on glass slides, in glass roller tubes, and on the surfaces of freshly excised tissues and moistened filter paper. All of the tests were performed in the absence of serum to exclude the possible presence of opsonins. Only under conditions which allowed surface phagocytosis to take place was there a correlation between virulence and susceptibility to phagocytosis. A similar relationship between virulence and surface phagocytosis was also demonstrable in vivo during the early stages of experimental streptococcal peritonitis. Systematic study of the evolution of the peritonitis revealed that its outcome was determined by the phagocytic reaction which occurred in the first few hours of the infection.
INHERITANCE OF BROWN AND GREEN MATURE FRUIT COLOR IN PEPPERS (1950)

Journal Article INHERITANCE OF BROWN AND GREEN MATURE FRUIT COLOR IN PEPPERS Get access PAUL G. SMITH PAUL G. SMITH University of CaliforniaDavis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 41, Issue 5, May 1950, Pages 138–140, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a106109 Published: 01 May 1950
Distance Dependence of Electron Transfer Across Peptides with Different Secondary Structures:  The Role of Peptide Energetics and Electronic Coupling (2003)

The charge-transfer transition energies and the electronic-coupling matrix element, |H(DA)|, for electron transfer from aminopyridine (ap) to the 4-carbonyl-2,2'-bipyridine (cbpy) in cbpy-(gly)(n)-ap (gly = glycine, n = 0-6) molecules were calculated using the Zerner's INDO/S, together with the Cave and Newton methods. The oligopeptide linkages used were those of the idealized protein secondary structures, the alpha-helix, 3(10)-helix, beta-strand, and polyproline I- and II-helices. The charge-transfer transition energies are influenced by the magnitude and direction of the dipole generated by the peptide secondary structure. The electronic coupling |H(DA)| between (cbpy) and (ap) is also dependent on the nature of the secondary structure of the peptide. A plot of 2.ln|H(DA)| versus the charge-transfer distance (assumed to be the dipole moment change between the ground state and the charge-transfer states) showed that the polyproline II structure is a more efficient bridge for long-distance electron-transfer reactions (beta = 0.7 A(-1)) than the other secondary structures (beta approximately 1.3 A(-1)). Similar calculations on charged dipeptide derivatives, [CH(3)CONHCH(2)CONHCH(3)](+/)(-), showed that peptide-peptide interaction is more dependent on conformation in the cationic than in the anionic dipeptides. The alpha-helix and polyproline II-helix both have large peptide-peptide interactions (|H(DA)| > 800 cm(-1)) which arise from the angular dependence of their pi-orbitals. Such an interaction is much weaker than in the beta-strand peptides. These combined results were found to be consistent with electron-transfer rates experimentally observed across short peptide bridges in polyproline II (n = 1-3). These results can also account for directional electron transfer observed in an alpha-helical structure (different ET rates versus the direction of the molecular dipole).
Immunomodulating activity of heparin (1991)

Aside from its well-known anticoagulant action, heparin has many other biologic effects. Recent data emphasize the immunomodulatory effects of low dose heparin. The agent alters the traffic of lymphocytes blocking their expression of heparanase, an enzyme that digests the extracellular matrix allowing cell penetration to target tissues. It also has a weak direct immunosuppressive action in vitro and in vivo. Oral administration of heparin may cause immunosuppression, although the effects are weaker than after subcutaneous administration.
Silicon-Based Microdialysis Chip with Integrated Fraction Collection (2006)

A silicon-based microdialysis chip that integrates sample acquisition and fractionation is demonstrated in this paper. A porous cellulose acetate film, created using the phase separation process, is suspended over silicon microchannels. Microfluidic fractionation is accomplished with passive microfluidic valves that are used to direct the dialysate into microfabricated collection chambers
Screening for atrial fibrillation in Canadian pharmacies: an economic evaluation (2017)

Our results support screening for atrial fibrillation in Canadian pharmacies. Given this finding, efforts should be made by provincial governments and pharmacies to implement such programs in Canada. The addition of atrial fibrillation screening alongside screening and management of other cardiovascular conditions may help to reduce the burden of stroke.
"Man-jack" (1896)

"Man-jack" Get access R. R. R. R. 1Boston, Lincolnshire Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s8-IX, Issue 212, 13 January 1896, Pages 54–55, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s8-IX.212.54g Published: 13 January 1896
Development and test of world's first industrial high temperature superconducting (HTS) power cable (2002)

Southwire Company has installed the world's first industrial high-temperature superconducting cable system to power three of its main manufacturing plants. The cable consists of three single-phase, 30 m long cables designed to carry 1250 A at 12.4 kV. The cable is cooled by a liquid nitrogen (LN) system that can supply LN at sub-cooled temperatures down to 72 K and at pressures up to 15 atmospheres. The design of the 30 m cables is based upon two 5 m cable prototypes, which were tested at a specially developed facility at ORNL. In addition to critical current and AC loss measurements, simulated fault-current tests were performed at ORNL on the 5 m cables. Cable terminations were designed to allow smooth transition from the cryogenic temperature and pressure environment of the HTS cable to ambient temperature and pressure for copper cables. A dielectric tape material, Cryoflex/sup TM/ was also developed for use at cryogenic temperatures.