gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Secretion of Immunoreactive Methionine-Enkephalin from Rabbit Reproductive Tissues in Vivo and in Vitro1 (1991)

The expression of the proenkephalin gene has been demonstrated in the reproductive tissues of several animal species. The objectives of the experiments reported here were to (a) examine the presence of immunoreactive methionine-enkephalin (ir-MENK) in rabbit ovary, oviduct, and uterus and in a rabbit endometrial cell line (HRE-H9), (b) characterize ir-MENK biochemically, (c) investigate the effect of eCG + hCG treatment on the synthesis and secretion of ir-MENK in vivo, and (d) study the effect of K+ depolarization on the secretion of ir-MENK from HRE-H9 cells. Uterine fluid was collected by flushing the uterine lumen with saline. Reproductive tissues and HRE-H9 cells were extracted with 0.1 N acetic acid. Both the uterine fluid and extracts of uterus, ovary, oviduct, and HRE-H9 cells exhibited inhibition curves parallel to that of authentic MENK in the MENK RIA system. Sephadex G-15 gel filtration profiles indicated that in the extracts of rabbit uterus and HRE-H9 cells, most ir-MENK co-eluted with standard MENK, with a minor portion eluting near the void volume (Vo). Reverse-phase-HPLC (RP-HPLC) profiles showed a major peak coinciding with standard MENK, plus a minor peak of highly hydrophilic ir-MENK. The effect of eCG + hCG treatment was studied by i.m. injection of eCG (150 IU), followed by i.v. injection of hCG (75 IU) 4 days later. Ir-MENK concentration in the uteri and ovaries was significantly (p less than 0.05) increased (9.06 +/- 1.89 and 2.05 +/- 0.32 ng/mg protein, respectively), compared to control levels (2.31 +/- 0.86 and 0.24 +/- 0.77).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Operations and Supply Management (2009)

SECTION ONE - STRATEGY 1 Introduction to the Field 2 Operations and Supply Strategy 2A Linear Programming Using the Excel Solver 3 Project Management 4 Product and Service Design SECTION TWO - PROCESSES 5 Strategic Capacity Management 5A Learning Curves 6 Process Analysis 6A Job Design and Work Measurement 7 Manufacturing Processes 7A Facility Layout 8 Service Processes 8A Waiting Line Analysis 9 Six-Sigma Quality 9A Process Capability and SPC SECTION THREE - SUPPLY CHAIN DESIGN 10 Supply Chain Strategy 11 Logistics and Facility Location 12 Lean Manufacturing 13 Operations Consulting and Reengineering SECTION FOUR - PLANNING AND CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY CHAIN 14 Enterprise Resource Planning Systems 15 Demand Management and Forecasting 16 Aggregate Sales and Operations Planning 17 Inventory Control 18 Material Requirements Planning SECTION FIVE - SCHEDULING 19 Scheduling 19A Simulation 20 Constraint Management SUPPLEMENTS A Financial Analysis B Operations Technology APPENDICES A Answers to Selected Problems B Learning Curve Tables C Present Value Table D Negative Exponential Distribution: Values of e-x E Areas of the Cumulative Standard Normal Distribution F Uniformly Distributed Random Digit G Interest Tables
Dehalogenation by Cytochrome P‐450<sub>cam</sub>: Effect of Oxygen Level on the Decomposition of l,2‐Dibromo‐3‐chloropropane (1993)

Abstract A P‐450 cam monooxygenase enzyme system, obtained through separate purification of the three protein subunits, was used as a biocatalyst in the dehalogenation of 1,2‐dibromo‐3‐chloropropane (DBCP). Incubations in a solution containing the reconstituted enzyme system were performed in two oxygen environments, oxygen‐rich (oxygen‐saturated solution) and oxygen‐lean (oxygen concentration reduced to 1% of saturation), and analyzed for hydrocarbon and bromide ion (Br‐) product formation and the kinetics of DBCP decomposition. l‐Bromo‐3‐chloroacetone (BCA) was identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry as a major product of oxygen‐rich incubations, while 3‐chloro‐l‐propene (allyl chloride) was verified as an oxygen‐lean product. The identification of these two products suggests that P‐450 cam activity is occurring in two separate mechanisms, oxidative and reductive, which is governed by the availability of oxygen. This suggestion is further supported by differences that were observed in the DBCP decomposition rate, which is an order of magnitude slower under oxygen‐lean conditions, and differences in bromide ion formation, where approximately one Br‐stoichiometric equivalent is released per mole of DBCP lost under oxygen‐rich conditions versus approximately two Br‐ stoichiometric equivalents for oxygen‐lean conditions.
Letters in Organic Chemistry ( Diastereoselective Paternò-Büchi Reaction on Furan Derivatives-Reaction with Asymmetric Ketones ) (2006)

The photochemical reaction of 1-phenyl-2-methyl-1-butanone with furan gave propiophenone via a Norrish Type II reaction. The same behavior was observed using 1-phenyl-2-methyl-1-pentanone. In this case, the product derived from a Norrish-Yang reaction was obtained. The photochemical reaction of 2- phenylpropiophenone with furan and 2-methylfuran gave the corresponding Paternò-Büchi adducts. 2- Methylfuran gave a mixture of regioisomers. All the products of the Paternò-Büchi reaction were obtained with > 98% de. The diastereoselectivity was explained by considering the relative stability of the biradical intermediates. Keywords: diastereoselectivity, chiral ketone, 2+2 cycloaddition, Paterno-Buchi reaction
Role of Lipid Hydroperoxides in Photo-Oxidative Stress Signaling (2004)

Photosensitized peroxidation of membrane lipids has been implicated in skin pathologies such as phototoxicity, premature aging, and carcinogenesis, and may play a role in the antitumor effects of photodynamic therapy. Lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) are prominent early products of photoperoxidation that typically arise via singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) attack. Nascent LOOHs can have several possible fates, including (i) iron-catalyzed one-electron reduction to chain-initiating free radicals, which exacerbate peroxidative damage, (ii) selenoperoxidase-catalyzed two-electron reduction to relatively innocuous alcohols, and (iii) translocation to other membranes, where reactions noted in (i) or (ii) might take place. In addition, LOOHs, like other stress-associated lipid metabolites/peroxidation products (e.g., arachidonate, diacylglycerol, ceramide, 4-hydroxynonenal), may act as signaling molecules. Intermembrane transfer of LOOHs may greatly expand their signaling range. When photogenerated rapidly and site-specifically, e.g., in mitochondria, LOOHs may act as early mediators of apoptotic cell death. This review will focus on these various aspects, with special attention to the role of LOOHs in photooxidative signaling.
Measurement of Dynamic Warpage During Thermal Cycling of Dielectric Coated SS Substrates for Large Area MCM-D Packaging (1999)

Potential application of stainless steel (SS) as a base substrate material for a large area MCM-D packaging is reported in this paper. A test vehicle was fabricated using 0.008 in. thick and 12 in.×12 in. SS panel with laser drilled 0.01 in. vias. A dielectric material (Parylene N) was deposited on the SS panel and around the inside via walls in order to electrically isolate the via filling material from the body of the SS substrate and also making the SS surface non-conductive. Vias were filled using a commercially available conductive via-plug material. The test structure was exposed to elevated temperatures to simulate the thermal excursion the substrate would be subjected to during the MCM-D thin film process. The end objective of this work is to be able to fabricate large area (24 in.×24 in.) SS substrates for next generation MCM-D packaging with reduced warpage. This paper reports results of the dynamic warpage measurement during thermal cycling of a 12 in.×12 in. Parylene N coated SS substrate. [S1043-7398(00)00602-2]
Resonance in piezoelectric vibrators (1970)

The electrical behavior of a piezoelectric vibrator leads to criteria by which to describe onset and extent of the resonance region. The equi-immittance point is convenient for delimiting the resonance range and assesses the validity of circle representations. A list of characteristic frequencies is given with determining equations.
Directed Assembly of Nanoparticles onto Polymer‐Imprinted or Chemically Patterned Templates Fabricated by Nanoimprint Lithography (2005)

Patterning of nanoparticles on surfaces (see Figure) is accomplished by a combination of nanoimprint lithography, self-assembly, and vertical deposition. Substrates patterned by a combination of topographical and chemical templates produce lines with a maximum resolution of 60 nm, compared with 300 nm for substrates patterned only chemically. Hexagonally close-packed 50 nm clusters are obtained by using substrates patterned with circles rather than lines.
Combined spinal epidural anaesthesia (1999)

The controversy surrounding the technique of combined spinal epidural (CSE) anaesthesia persists [1, 2]. Advocates of the needle-through-needle technique point to its simplicity and the need for only one painful injection [3]. Detractors of the technique may refer to work suggesting the technique has a failure rate exceeding 10% [4] and to the fact that dural puncture in particular may be difficult to appreciate [5]. In practice, however, a major problem of the needle-through-needle technique is that it requires the subarachnoid injection to be performed before epidural catheter insertion. This exposes the patient to the effects of developing subarachnoid blockade while the epidural catheter is placed and secured. This can cause haemodynamic and blockade problems particularly if there is difficulty in placing the catheter and especially in obstetric patients as blockade develops so rapidly. Several reports attest to this problem [6, 7]. This practical problem has the potential to lose all the advantages of the CSE technique. An epidural needle allowing insertion of an 18-gauge epidural catheter while the spinal needle remains in situ has been reported but requires a 29-gauge spinal needle [8]. If the two-needle technique is used, the operator may insert the epidural catheter first and perform subarachnoid blockade at their leisure. However, this technique can be criticised because of the risk of damage to the epidural catheter by the spinal needle [9] or vice versa [10]. A simple modification permits a safe technique. The subarachnoid space is identified with a pencil point needle as for normal spinal blockade. Once cerebrospinal fluid is seen at the needle hub, the stylet is replaced. The epidural catheter is placed, either at the same spinal interspace or at one level cephalad. Once the epidural catheter is in place, the stylet is removed from the spinal needle and the subarachnoid injection is performed. The patient may be immediately positioned and the anaesthetist's full attention can be devoted to the developing spinal blockade. I have reported this technique in fuller detail elsewhere [11] but as the technique is suitable for nonobstetric cases I hope it will be of interest to a wider audience. I have audited my last 20 cases with this technique. There have been no failures of spinal or epidural. Fourteen cases have been performed with both needles at the same interspace, there have been no unexpected high blocks, no backache, no postdural puncture headache and one case of nonspecific headache. Of interest is the observation that on five occasions there has been delay in epidural catheter insertion due to blood appearing in the catheter (three occasions), pain on advancing the catheter (once) or inability to advance the catheter (once). Were the needle-through-needle technique used in these circumstances, I believe the choices are to abandon the CSE technique or to continue when routine anaesthetic practice would demand resiting the epidural.
A taxonomic analysis of multihospital systems. (1986)

Research to date on multihospital systems has proved largely uninformative, in part because similarities and differences among these organizations have not been addressed systematically. Through numeric classification, this article identifies populations of multihospital systems that share similar organizational attributes. Drawing on McKelvey's classification theory, 16 organizational characteristics of 160 multihospital systems are analyzed using a series of taxonomic techniques, including cluster analysis, multiple discriminant analysis, and analysis of coefficients of variation. Fifteen distinct subgroups of systems are identified and described, and their implications for organization research discussed.
Strain‐Induced Alignment Mechanisms of Carbon Nanotube Networks (2014)

Random networks comprised of millimeter‐long multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown unique microstructure change mechanisms under uniaxial strain. These networks can be modified into highly aligned microstructures from strain‐induced plastic deformation. Applying a treatment consisting of an uncured resin as a load transfer enhancement medium leads to a dramatically increased degree of alignment and final mechanical properties of the CNT networks. The structural evolution of the CNT networks includes different modes: de‐bundling, elongation to reduce waviness, sliding friction, and packing for self‐assembly into large bundles. The high ductility of the treated networks, which allows the network to achieve high degrees of strain‐induced alignment is mainly because the extra high aspect ratios of the individual CNT and their bundles as well as enhanced load transfer. High aspect ratio causes high degrees of entanglement and locking points between the nanotubes in the random network, which are critical to provide adequate nanotube to nanotube load transfer for ductile deformation and lead to substantially increased CNT alignment during mechanical stretching. The classical strain strengthening mechanisms used in metals and polymers such as strain hardening and crystallization of long molecular chains are discussed and compared to CNT network deformation mechanisms. The CNT network strain hardening parameter n value is as high as 0.65, over three times that of annealed low‐carbon steel and more than four times of polycarbonate plastics. Strength coefficient K values for the CNT network also show high values up to roughly 450 MPa, comparable to that of annealed magnesium alloys. The results show how the high degree of alignment of CNT networks and strain strengthening can be achieved through simple uniaxial strain and load transfer medium.
Stabilization of liquified-inert-gas jets for laser–plasma generation (2004)

We investigate the hydrodynamic properties of liquified-inert-gas jets in a vacuum with a special emphasis on their stability. Such jets have applications as targets for laser–plasma generation of soft-x-ray and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation. An important example is the liquid-xenon-jet laser-plasma source, one of the source candidates for EUV lithography. A simple hydrodynamic model in not sufficient to explain experimental observations of jet stability. Evaporation-induced cooling explains observed in-flight freezing of the jet and may be a key factor influencing jet stability. It is shown how the jet stability, and, thus, the stability of the laser–plasma x-ray and EUV emission, are improved by applying localized heating to the tip of the jet-generating nozzle.
God Grant Mercy! A Pun in Malory? (1992)

God Grant Mercy! A Pun in Malory? Get access Helen Cooper Helen Cooper University CollegeOxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 39, Issue 1, March 1992, Pages 24–25, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/39.1.24 Published: 01 March 1992
Long Term Caregiving: Helping Families of Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment Cope (2009)

The purpose of the paper is to describe common psychological and caregiving issues that can cause stress in family members of persons with mild cognitive impairment (PwMCI) in order to assist family members in providing care and support to the PwMCI while also caring for themselves over long periods of time. Because PwMCI and their family members have time to prepare for the future should the PwMCI no longer be able to participate in their own care, it is important that clinicians offer support, education, and referrals for services and interventions when needed. The results of a review and synthesis of the caregiving literature found that much information exists from educational and intervention programs designed to help caregivers of Alzheimer disease however little empirical information is available for clinicians to assist PwMCI and their family members. This paper provides valuable and practical information for clinicians and other care providers to assist family members of PwMCI to cope with the uncertainty of the diagnosis, prepare for the future, and manage their stress over the long-term.
Review of three studies to determine the efficacy and tolerance of cicletanine in the short- and long-term treatment of essential hypertension. (1988)

A double-blind multicentre study was performed initially to assess the effect of 4 weeks' treatment of cicletanine in daily doses of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg, for the treatment of 60 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. A significant reduction in blood pressure was achieved with each dosage. Analysis of the responder rate indicated a significant dose-response relationship which was clinically relevant only for the 50 and 100 mg doses. The minimum therapeutic dosage of cicletanine for the treatment of essential hypertension was concluded to be 50 mg daily. A further 12-week study was performed in 40 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, commencing with a daily dose of cicletanine (50 mg) and increasing the dosage if necessary to 100 mg and 200 mg daily after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Blood pressure control was achieved in all patients and in the majority (70%) with a daily dosage of 100 mg cicletanine. Treatment was continued in all patients until a total duration of 2 years had been completed. Cicletanine was shown to be very well tolerated and a significant reduction in blood pressure was achieved at 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. During the second year of treatment, all the patients were stabilized with a daily dosage of 50 mg cicletanine. These results are consistent with a previously reported study in 25 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Twelve weeks of treatment with cicletanine (50 mg daily) produced a significantly greater reduction in blood pressure than a combination of 5 mg amiloride hydrochloride and 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide daily. This reduction was more significant for the diastolic than the systolic blood pressure measurements. A diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg, or less, was achieved in all patients receiving treatment with cicletanine (50 mg daily), except for two patients where the dosage was increased to 100 mg daily.
Error bounds for error diffusion and related digital halftoning algorithms (2002)

We study error bounds of error diffusion and related digital halftoning algorithms. We define a large class of error diffusion algorithms and give sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of an error diffusion algorithm with bounded error. In particular, we show that there exists an error diffusion algorithm with bounded errors if and only if the input colors lie in the convex hull of the output colors. We discuss boundedness of a human visual system based error. In addition, we discuss the relationship between digital halftoning and some classical mathematical problems such as the chairman assignment problem.
Advanced Geomechanical Techniques for Natural Fracture Prediction (2019)

Summary Carbonate rock reservoirs can be complex and difficult to model. Different processes can affect porosity and permeability during and after deposition. Post deposition process includes diagenesis ( Okubo et al. 2015 ) and deformation related to faults and bending ( Giuffrida et al. 2019 ). Most of the reservoirs are somehow deformed due to multiple processes that occurs in geological time. In carbonate rocks this deformation can act opening or closing fractures, generating conducts or baffles that controls fluids flow behaviour ( Pimenta et al. 2013 ). Because of this impact, modelling 3-D fracture networks has become a critical step for fluid flow simulation. In this paper, it is proposed the use of an advanced workflow which incorporates natural fracture prediction techniques blending with structural restoration and geomechanical forward modelling concepts to evaluate the fractures distribution and then use it to build a fracture model to a giant oil field in Campos Basin, Brazil. The studied reservoir consists mostly of oolitic grainstones from Quissamã Formation deposited on a carbonate platform similar to the rocks described by Okubo et al. (2015) . The reservoir structure is a raft generated by the carbonate platform break above the moving salt ( Vendeville and Jackson 1992 ).
Synthesis of Germanium/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Core-Sheath Structures via Chemical Vapor Deposition (2010)

Synthesis of Germanium/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Core-Sheath Structures via Chemical Vapor Deposition
Subband structure and ionized impurity scattering of the two dimensional electron gas in δ-doped field effect transistor (1995)

We have investigated theoretically the electronic subband structures and the scattering probability of electrons by ionized impurities in δ-doped field-effect transistors (δ-FETs). The self-consistent calculation of the Poisson and Schrödinger equations shows that the electrons are quite extended, even though the impurities are very much confined (δ doped). It is shown that the impurity scattering probability decreases if the carriers and impurities are well separated spatially, or if the kinetic energies of the carriers are large. For both the singly and doubly δ-FET, the averaged kinetic energies of the carriers are increased when the sample temperature is increased; the carriers are pushed away from the δ-doped impurity layers when the gate bias is increased. The combination of the two effects result in an enhanced electron mobility, as demonstrated by experiments. Our detailed numerical calculation thus provides us with some basic guidelines to improve the performance of δ-FETs: Multiple δ-doped layers and a high sheet density are desirable.
Comparison of SQL injection detection and prevention techniques (2010)

Database driven web application are threaten by SQL Injection Attacks (SQLIAs) because this type of attack can compromise confidentiality and integrity of information in databases. Actually, an attacker intrudes to the web application database and consequently, access to data. For stopping this type of attack different approaches have been proposed by researchers but they are not enough because most of implemented approaches cannot stop all type of attacks. In this paper all type of SQL injection attack and also different techniques which can detect or prevent them are presented. Finally we evaluate these approaches against all types of SQL injection attacks.