gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sticking It to Tau (2004)

Hanging out with the wrong crowd is bad for teenagers and for proteins. New research shows that consorting with a particular enzyme can convert the brain protein tau into a cell killer. The work bolsters the hypothesis that phosphate additions to tau underlie its lethal transformation.
Annealing-induced changes of the optical anisotropy of magnetic garnet films (1990)

Films of pure and (Bi,Al) substituted yttrium iron garnet were grown by liquid phase epitaxy on [110] oriented gadolinium gallium garnet substrates. They will be characterized by a parallel and a perpendicular anisotropy, Lc11 and , according to the direction of the electric field in the film plane and perpendicular to it. Both anisotropies are partly stress induced, due to the mismatch of lattice constants between film and substrate, and partly growth induced. It is mainly the growth induced contribution which can be influenced by annealing. For both groups of garnet films investigated the absolute values of the growth induced contributions to the anisotropies increase with the growth rate. The strongest increase of about 2.5 . 10_2 (im/min)1 has been observed for the perpendicular anisotropy of the (Bi,Al)-YIG films. The crystals were annealed in reducing and oxidizing atmospheres at different temperatures. Annealing in oxygen above 1000° C causes a strong reduction of the growth induced anisotropy and makes the total anisotropy approach the stress induced value. Furthermore, it is shown that phase matching can be achieved by annealing and by choosing a proper direction of mode propagation in the film plane. Nearly 100% TE - TM mode conversion is obtained in agreement with calculations.
Evaluation of Haplotype Inference Using Definitive Haplotype Data Obtained from Complete Hydatidiform Moles, and Its Significance for the Analyses of Positively Selected Regions (2009)

The haplotype map constructed by the HapMap Project is a valuable resource in the genetic studies of disease genes, population structure, and evolution. In the Project, Caucasian and African haplotypes are fairly accurately inferred, based mainly on the rules of Mendelian inheritance using the genotypes of trios. However, the Asian haplotypes are inferred from the genotypes of unrelated individuals based on population genetics, and are less accurate. Thus, the effects of this inaccuracy on downstream analyses needs to be assessed. We determined true Japanese haplotypes by genotyping 100 complete hydatidiform moles (CHM), each carrying a genome derived from a single sperm, using Affymetrix 500 K Arrays. We then assessed how inferred haplotypes can differ from true haplotypes, by phasing pseudo-individualized true haplotypes using the programs PHASE, fastPHASE, and Beagle. We found that, at various genomic regions, especially the MHC locus, the expansion of extended haplotype homozygosity (EHH), which is a measure of positive selection, is obscured when inferred Asian haplotype data is used to detect the expansion. We then mapped the genome using a new statistic, XDiHH, which directly detects the difference between the true and inferred haplotypes, in the determination of EHH expansion. We also show that the true haplotype data presented here is useful to assess and improve the accuracy of phasing of Asian genotypes.
Register allocation for free (1982)

The Bell Labs C Machine project is investigating computer architectures to support the C programming language.1 One of the goals is to match an efficient architecture to the language and the compiler technology available. Measurements of different C programs show that roughly one out of every twenty instructions executed is either a procedure call or return.2 Procedure call overhead is therefore a very important consideration in the overall machine design. A second and related area of primary concern in overall machine efficiency is the register allocation strategy. While use of additional registers can offer considerable improvement in execution times, adding registers usually has the adverse effects of increasing the procedure call overhead due to register saving and creating an undue burden on the compiler. In this paper we describe a piece of the C Machine architecture which effectively eliminates the register allocation problem, and improves procedure calling by drastically reducing storage references required by traditional register saving. The technique can be generalized for other languages and architectures, though we will only directly address those issues involving the C language.
Metallic 3D printed Ka-band pyramidal horn using binder jetting (2016)

Metallic RF-Microwave components fabricated using additive manufacturing are continually being demonstrated as viable solutions in terms of cost and performance when compared to components fabricated by traditional methods such as machining. In this work, binder jetting is used to fabricate a Ka-Band pyramidal horn antenna, as a test structure to evaluate the performance of this metal 3D printing technology. The measured parameters (S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> and radiation pattern) have good agreement with the simulated ones. The measured return loss is >20 dB across the band. The simulated antenna gain is 8.43 dBi (at 26.5 GHz), and simulations show that the performance degradation due to the finite conductivity and surface roughness is less than 0.1 dBi.
Inhibition of 2A‐mediated ‘cleavage’ of certain artificial polyproteins bearing <i>N</i>‐terminal signal sequences (2009)

Where 2A oligopeptide sequences occur within ORFs, the formation of the glycyl-prolyl peptide bond at the C-terminus of (each) 2A does not occur. This property can be used to concatenate sequences encoding several proteins into a single ORF: each component of such an artificial polyprotein is generated as a discrete translation product. 2A and '2A-like' sequences have become widely utilised in biotechnology and biomedicine. Individual proteins may also be co- and post-translationally targeted to a variety of sub-cellular sites. In the case of polyproteins bearing N-terminal signal sequences we observed, however, that the protein downstream of 2A (no signal) was translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We interpreted these data as a form of 'slipstream' translocation: downstream proteins, without signals, were translocated through a translocon pore already formed by the signal sequence at the N-terminus of the polyprotein. Here we show this effect is, in fact, due to inhibition of the 2A reaction (formation of fusion protein) by the C-terminal region (immediately upstream of 2A) of some proteins when translocated into the ER. Solutions to this problem include the use of longer 2As (with a favourable upstream context) or modifying the order of proteins comprising polyproteins.
Plating of Patella Fractures (2013)

Operative treatment of displaced patella fractures with tension band fixation remains the gold standard, but is associated with a significant rate of complications and symptomatic implants. Despite the evolution of tension band fixation to include cannulated screws, surprisingly little other development has been made to improve overall patient outcomes. In this article, we present the techniques and outcomes of patella plating for displaced patella fractures and patella nonunions.
Improving symbolic traversals by means of activity profiles (2003)

Symbolic techniques have undergone major improvements in the last few years. Nevertheless they are still limited by the size of the involved BDDs, and extending their applicability to larger and real circuits is a key issue. Within, this framework, we introduce "activity profiles" as a novel technique to characterize transition relations. In our methodology a learning phase is used to collect activity measures, related to time and space cost, for each BDD node of the transition relation. We use inexpensive reachability analysis as learning technique, and we operate within inner steps of image computations involving the transition relation and state sets. The above informations can be used for several purposes. In particular, we present an application of activity profiles in the field of reachability analysis itself. We propose transition relation subsetting and partial traversals of the state transition graph. We show that a sequence of partial traversals is able to complete a reachability analysis problem with smaller memory requirement and improved time performance.
[Influence of compatibility ratio of Fufang Danshen on the dissolution of Danshen compositions]. (2004)

A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed using peak ratio to compare the Danshen ingredients with varying peak ratios of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.) to Sanqi (Panax Notoginseng) from 10:0 to 1:10 in Fufang Danshen which is composed of Danshen and Sanqi. The experimental results show that the contents of major components of all samples decocted together are higher than those of Danshen. The contents of Danshen major components are the highest in classic formula (the mass ratio of Danshen to Sanqi is 5:3). Therefore, Danshen decocted together with Sanqi at a ratio of 5:3 can increase the dissolution ability of Danshen ingredients. This, therefore, could constitute a solid rationale to the compatibility rule in Chinese traditional medicine with both scientific merits and intrinsic reasoning.
TAAI 2013 COMPUTER GAME TOURNAMENTS (2014)

th , 2013. In this event, fifty computer programs from the Netherlands, France, and Taiwan participated in tournaments for ten different games being Go 9x9, Chinese chess, Connect6, Chinese dark chess, Mahjong, NoGo, MiniShogi, Nonogram, Othello, and Double King Dark Chess. The participants and the final results are listed in Table 1. With much pleasure the organizer invited Prof. Yoshimasa Tsuruka of the University of Tokyo for the keynote speech. Yoshimasa is a developer of the well-known Shogi program, GEKISASHI (激指), which is the four-times World Computer Shogi Champion (WCSC). The title of his talk was Recent Advances in Algorithms for Traditional Board and Table Games. In Table 1, the team from the National Chiao Tung University (NCTU) performed best by winning four gold medals. Each of the other teams was awarded at least one gold medal. This showed that each team has focused on specific games during 2013 and did so obtain good achievements. The champion and the runner-up of Chinese chess tournament were SHIGA and CHIMO, respectively. They had also the same ranks in the 17 th Computer Olympiad and in TAAI 2012. SHIGA won all games except that only one game against CHIMO ended up in a draw in this tournament. SHIGA was designed to support the multiprocessor architecture, and its search depth reached 20 plies while using a 4.5GHz 12-core computer. CHIMO used an opening book compiled from 85,000 game records that was then enhanced by the JL-ABS algorithm. Its evaluation function was improved and was tuned better. Both programs were estimated to be near 8-dan. SHARK as a newcomer won the bronze medal. Chinese dark chess is popular in China and Taiwan. It uses the same board and pieces as Chinese chess, but the pieces can be either revealed or unrevealed (Chen et al., 2010). In 2013, nine programs from France and Taiwan participated. The competitions were played automatically on the game-playing platform designed by Jr-Chang Chen. The platform was also used in the 17 th Computer Olympiad. YAHARI, which landed at the third place in the 17 th Computer Olympiad, became the champion; and SGTDARK was the runner-up. Both programs are based on alpha-beta search (ABS) and used endgame databases constructed by retrograde analysis. The third place was for DARKKNIGHT, which also won the bronze medal in TAAI 2012. DARKKNIGHT was based on Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) and utilized the concept of chance nodes to deal with flipping unrevealed pieces. The playing strength of each program improved significantly, and the programs based on ABS performed slightly better than those based on MCTS.
Face Recognition in Low Resolution Using a 3D Morphable Model. (2013)

Biometric person identification has been an active research area in the recent decades. Among the many biometric features, such as finger prints, face, and voice; the human face offers particular advantages such as the ability to recognise an individual from a distance, and without their cooperation. Although face recognition using 2D images taken under controlled conditions has reached high performance rates, its performance declines under non-cooperative scenarios such as surveillance using CCTV cameras where the scene can have arbitrary illumination conditions and the subject can have arbitrary pose with respect to the camera and be at a far distance. The focus of this thesis is on the problem of recognising individuals from a 2D facial image with low resolution and arbitrary pose and illumination. We investigate the use of 3D information in order to boost the performance of 2D face recognition in such scenarios. A 3D Morphable Face Model is used to extract 3D shape and facial texture information from a 2D low-resolution facial image with arbitrary pose and illumination. To this end, the 3D model is fitted to the input image using a novel low-resolution fitting algorithm proposed in this thesis. It is shown that the fitting algorithm is able to extract reliable 3D shape and texture information across a large range of variations in pose and illumination. It is shown, through extensive experimental evaluation, that the model parameters obtained using our fitting algorithm are reliable enough to be directly used for face recognition in low-resolution under varying poses and illuminations. Furthermore, we propose a novel approach to using 3D information in order to enhance the low-resolution facial texture. More specifically, we propose a 3D-assisted facial texture super-resolution framework which uses the 3D information extracted from an LR image to map the facial texture to a shape- and pose-normalised domain. The facial texture is then enhanced by applying texture super-resolution in this domain. Through this procedure, a high-resolution estimate of the facial texture is obtained which can then be used to render the face in a normalised pose and illumination and with high-resolution texture. It is shown that this procedure can inject relevant and discriminative high-resolution information to the facial texture thereby boosting the performance of a conventional 2D face recognition engine.
The Etymology of "Jingo" (1895)

The Etymology of "Jingo" Get access James Hooper James Hooper 1Norwich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s8-VII, Issue 158, 5 January 1895, Pages 11–12, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s8-VII.158.11 Published: 05 January 1895
Surface Tensions of Methane-Propane Mixtures (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface Tensions of Methane-Propane MixturesCharles F. Weinaug and Donald L. KatzCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1943, 35, 2, 239–246Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50398a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50398a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1131Altmetric-Citations277LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Loss of Point-to-Point Traffic in Three-Stage Circuit Switches (1974)

A theoretical study is made of simple analytical models for the point-to-point loss of telecommunication traffic caused by blocking in three-stage circuit switches. Two new models are compared with Jacobaeus' frequently used model and with some simulation results to determine regions of acceptable accuracy. The effects of random hunting and sequential hunting for routes are compared by simulation. The results apply to space-division link systems and also to some time-division switches of current interest. In the case of random hunting, the new models give improved agreement with simulation results. The overestimate of loss inherent in the Jacobaeus method, however, is found to be acceptably low when the numbers of primary and tertiary matrix switches are not small, e.g. > 10. We lack a good analytical model for the sequential hunting method, which is found to result in lower traffic loss for the switches being studied.
Fatigue life prediction of plated through holes(PTH) under thermal cycling (2009)

PTH(Plated Through hole) integrity becomes primary PCB(Printed circuit board) reliability concern during component mounting process or subsequent field condition. Main cause of PTH failures is traced to significant differences in the amount of thermal expansions between copper barrel and surrounding glass epoxy. When the different expansion due to thermal stresses makes strain that exceeds the fracture toughness of copper barrel or interconnection, ruptures develop in the latter. It results in open circuits or intermittent contacts in FR-4 PCB which leads to system failures. This paper presents a prediction results of PTH thermal fatigue life on field condition based on coffin-manson life model. Experiments are conducted with 0.3mm dia. PTH under 2 thermal cycle conditions (−55∼125, −3∼125 with 10 min. dwell time). The thickness of PCB is 1.6mm with 4 multilayers. The resistance of PTH is monitored one minute interval. Material constant are obtained after thermal cycling test. Crack propagation at failed PTHs is examined with optical microscope. For each test, thermal cycling failure data has been analysed using two parameter Weibull models to predict B 10 life of PTH. Acceleration factor of PTH under thermal cycling test is obtained. Life Prediction of PTH thermal fatigue on field condition is conducted.
Peroxisomes as Sites for Synthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Transgenic Plants (1999)

Bacterial genes responsible for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biosynthesis were targeted to plant peroxisomes by adding a carboxy-terminal targeting sequence. The enzymes evidently were transported into peroxisomes, retained their catalytic activity, and reacted with peroxisomally available precursors because PHB synthesis in transgenic plant cells was localized to peroxisomes. Up to 2 mg/g fresh weight PHB was produced in suspension cultures of Black Mexican Sweet maize cells after biolistic transformation with three peroxisomally targeted bacterial genes. An equilibrium effect is proposed to explain the unexpected existence of (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA in plant peroxisomes.
Rapid relaxation inversion of CSAMT data (1999)

In this paper an inversion algorithm for controlled-source audio frequency magnetotelluric data is presented. This algorithm combines 2.5-D finite element forward modelling with the concepts of rapid relaxation inversion of magnetotelluric data. The inversion uses the same technique to compute sensitivities as the rapid relaxation inversion, and these approximate sensitivities are validated by comparison with exact 2.5-D sensitivities. The comparison shows that the approximate sensitivities are similar in shape to the exact sensitivities when transmitter–receiver offsets are greater than one skin depth in the Earth. The magnitudes of the two sensitivities differ but the variations with depth are similar. Tests of the algorithm on synthetic data and field data provide promising results.
Architecture-centric support for adaptive service collaborations (2014)

In today's volatile business environments, collaboration between information systems, both within and across company borders, has become essential to success. An efficient supply chain, for example, requires the collaboration of distributed and heterogeneous systems of multiple companies. Developing such collaborative applications and building the supporting information systems poses several engineering challenges. A key challenge is to manage the ever-growing design complexity. In this article, we argue that software architecture should play a more prominent role in the development of collaborative applications. This can help to better manage design complexity by modularizing collaborations and separating concerns. State-of-the-art solutions, however, often lack proper abstractions for modeling collaborations at architectural level or do not reify these abstractions at detailed design and implementation level. Developers, on the other hand, rely on middleware, business process management, and Web services, techniques that mainly focus on low-level infrastructure. To address the problem of managing the design complexity of collaborative applications, we present Macodo. Macodo consists of three complementary parts: (1) a set of abstractions for modeling adaptive collaborations, (2) a set of architectural views, the main contribution of this article, that reify these abstractions at architectural level, and (3) a proof-of-concept middleware infrastructure that supports the architectural abstractions at design and implementation level. We evaluate the architectural views in a controlled experiment. Results show that the use of Macodo can reduce fault density and design complexity, and improve reuse and productivity. The main contributions of this article are illustrated in a supply chain management case.
Modeling the Human Component in Computer-Based Business Simulations (1991)

From the perspective that business simulations are tools that aid teaching, this model comprises four functions: concave exponential, convex exponential, logistic, and cusp catastrophe. The functions determine the effects of recruitment cost, benefits cost, training cost, and wage cost on the productivity of new hires, as well as rate of attrition, productivity of trained employees, and size of the labor pool. A simulation (CEO) allowing participants to change both the variables and the parameters of these functions has been developed. Tactical decisions involve variables; strategic decisions involve parameters. These functions allow a clear distinction to be made between the two types of decisions.
H/sub o1/ Mode Circular Waveguide Components (1954)

A convenient method of launching the H/sub o1/ mode in round waveguide is described. Four resonant slots are employed in a compact end-feed transition design. Construction details and performance curves are given. Also described is a developmental bend which avoids the H/sub o1/-E/sub 11/ mode degeneracy problem by employing a superimposed pair of "E" and "H" plane rectangular waveguide bends. A mode absorber is described which is capable of reducing the mode impurities inherent in the transition design to a level of less than 0.1% of the emerging H/sub o1/ mode power. Other possible applications of the H/sub o1/ wave to problems other than low loss microwave transmission are briefly considered.