gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uukuniemi virus S RNA segment: ambisense coding strategy, packaging of complementary strands into virions, and homology to members of the genus Phlebovirus (1990)

We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the small (S) RNA segment of Uukuniemi virus, the prototype of the Uukuvirus genus within the Bunyaviridae family. The RNA, which is 1,720 nucleotides long, contains two nonoverlapping open reading frames. The 5' end of one strand (complementary to the viral strand) encodes the nonstructural protein NSs (273 residues; molecular weight, 32,019), whereas the 5' end of the viral-sense strand encodes the nucleocapsid protein N (254 residues; molecular weight, 28,508). Thus, the S RNA uses an ambisense coding strategy previously described for the S segment of two phleboviruses and the arenaviruses. The localization of the N protein within the S RNA sequence was confirmed by amino-terminal sequence analysis of all five possible cyanogen bromide fragments obtained from purified N protein. Northern (RNA) blot analyses with strand-specific probes showed that the N and NSs proteins are translated from subgenomic mRNAs about 800 and 850 nucleotides long, respectively. These mRNAs are apparently transcribed from full-length S RNAs of opposite polarities. The two mRNA species were also detected in virus-infected cells. Interestingly, highly purified virions contained full-length S RNA copies of both polarities at a ratio of about 10:1. In contrast, virions contained exclusively negative-strand copies of the M RNA segment. The possible significance of these results for viral infection is discussed. The amino acid sequence of the N protein showed 35 and 32% homology (identity) with the N protein of Punta Toro and sandfly fever Sicilian viruses, two members of the Phlebovirus genus. The NSs proteins were much less related (about 15% identity). In addition, the extreme 5' and 3' ends of the S RNA, which are complementary to each other, also showed a high degree of conservation with the two phleboviruses. These results indicate that the uukuviruses and phleboviruses are evolutionarily related and suggest that the two genera could be merged into a single genus within the Bunyaviridae family.
Schiff Base p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arenes. Synthesis and Metal Ion Complexation (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSchiff Base p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arenes. Synthesis and Metal Ion ComplexationRatana Seangprasertkij, Zouhair Asfari, Francoise Arnaud, and Jacques VicensCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 7, 1741–1744Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00086a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00086a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views446Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An efficient discovery method of patterns from transactions with their classes (2010)

This paper deals with transactions with their classes. The classes represent the difference of conditions in the data collection. This paper redefines two kinds of supports: characteristic support and possible support. The former one is based on specific classes assigned to specific patterns. The latter one is based on the minimum class in the classes. This paper proposes a new method that efficiently discovers characteristic patterns based on the supports. Also, this paper verifies the effect of the method through numerical experiments based on the data registered in UCI machine learning repository.
Characterization of a high temperature multichip SiC JFET-based module (2011)

This paper presents a SiC JFET-based, 200°C, 50 kW three-phase inverter module and evaluates its electrical performance. With 1200 V, 100 A rating of the module, each switching element is composed of four paralleled SiC JFETs with two anti-parallel SiC Shottky Barrier Diodes (SBDs). The substrate layout inside the module is designed to reduce package parasitics. Then, experimental static characteristics of the module are obtained over a wide range of temperature, and low on-state resistance is shown up to 200°C. The dynamic performance of this module is evaluated by double pulse test up to 150°C, under 650 V dc bus voltage and 60 A drain current, with different turn-on and turn-off gate resistances. The current unbalance phenomenon and phase-leg shoot-through problem are analyzed too. The results by simulation and experiments show that the causes of shoot-through are JFET inside parameters, package parasitics, and high temperature. The switching losses of this module at different temperatures are shown at the end.
Polymer encapsulation of yttrium oxysulfide phosphorescent particles via miniemulsion polymerization (2007)

Abstract Yttrium oxysulfide upconverting phosphor particles can absorb infrared light and emit dopant‐dependent visible phosphorescence. This unique optical property has been used for particle‐based immunoassay applications. In this study, upconverting phosphor particles were encapsulated with a functionalized polymer (carboxylated polystyrene) shell layer via several approaches, which included the following: (1) the physical adsorption of the carboxylated polystyrene polymer onto the phosphor surfaces, (2) the miniemulsification of the preformed carboxylated polystyrene in a solvent in the presence of the phosphor particles and the subsequent stripping off of the solvent, and (3) the miniemulsification and miniemulsion copolymerization of styrene and methacrylic acid in the presence of the phosphor particles with hexadecane as a costabilizer in combination with a surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, or sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate). Miniemulsion technology proved to be the most effective method for forming a functionalized polymeric nanoshell surrounding the phosphor particles. The morphology of the encapsulated phosphor particles was found to vary from symmetric core–shell (i.e., a uniform nanoshell layer with varying shell thicknesses), asymmetric core–shell, dumbbell‐like, or raspberry‐like partial encapsulation to multiparticle encapsulation. The amount of multiparticle encapsulation could be reduced by the postaddition of a surfactant, but it could not be eliminated completely. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1038–1054, 2007
Random Mutagenesis of Pullulanase from Klebsiella aerogenes for Studies of the Structure and Function of the Enzyme1 (1994)

To study the structure and function of pullulanase from Klebsiella aerogenes, a method involving random mutagenesis of the entire gene for pullulanase was used. Out of 50,000 clones screened at high temperature, seven genes for mutant proteins were identified by DNA sequencing. The amino acid substitutions in the seven mutant proteins were clustered on the NH2-terminal side of the four conserved regions found in alpha-amylases. These mutant pullulanases were classified into two types: those whose catalytic activity was altered and those whose thermal stability was increased. The results presented here and in previous reports suggest that pullulanase from K. aerogenes has similar active sites to those of alpha-amylases with the four conserved regions, as well as another substrate-binding site closer to the NH2-terminus. The plate assay method used for isolation of thermostable variants may be applicable to the generation of useful variants of other enzymes.
On the complexity of verifiable secret sharing and multiparty computation (2000)

We first study the problem of doing Verifiable Secret Sharing (VSS) information theoretically secure for a general access structure. We do it in the model where private channels between players and a broadcast channel is given, and where an active, adaptive adversary can corrupt any set of players not in the access structure. In particular, we consider the complexity of protocols for this problem, as a function of the access structure and the number of players. For all access structures where VSS is possible at all, we show that, up to a polynomial time black-box reduction, the complexity of adaptively secure VSS is the same as that of ordinary secret sharing (SS), where security is only required against a passive, static adversary. Previously, such a connection was only known for linear secret sharing and VSS schemes. We then show an impossibility result indicating that a similar equivalence does hot hold for Multiparty Computation (MPC): we show that even if protocols are given black-box access for free to an idealized secret sharing scheme secure for the access structure in question, it is not possible to handle all relevant access structures efficiently, not even if the adversary is passive and static. In other words, general MPC can only be black-box reduced efficiently to secret sharing if extra properties of the secret sharing scheme used (such as linearity) are assumed.
A Methodology to Reduce the Wafer to Wafer Thickness Variation in Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP) (2005)

The requirement to consistently achieve the specific target mean film thickness within a tight tolerance (± 80nm) in the IC fabrication process flow is a great challenge. In general, except process time, all other process parameters such as applied pressure, both carrier and platen velocity, slurry flow rate and pad conditioning duration are kept constant in a typical process recipe so as to reduce the source of variations. This paper describes a methodology that can be implemented with or without the end point detection system to predict the optimal process time for CMP based on the hypothesis of contact mechanics. It captures the variation of incoming wafer thickness, material removal rate and erratic behavior of the process. It cal also serve as a comprehensive framework for better recipe development. Experimental work shows that this approach demonstrates promising results in reducing the target mean film thickness variation and works well with different layers and devices.
A multidimensional approach to conjoint analysis (1998)

In this paper we propose an alternative approach to conjoint analysis (CA) based on the principal component analysis onto a reference sub-space (PCAR). Following this technique, the results of a CA are considerably enriched by some graphical interpretation tools and optimal synthesis of the individual estimated part-worth coefficients are also obtained with respect to hierarchized judges sub-populations. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Loss of α-hemoglobin–stabilizing protein impairs erythropoiesis and exacerbates β-thalassemia (2004)

Hemoglobin (Hb) A production during red blood cell development is coordinated to minimize the deleterious effects of free alpha- and beta-Hb subunits, which are unstable and cytotoxic. The alpha-Hb-stabilizing protein (AHSP) is an erythroid protein that specifically binds alpha-Hb and prevents its precipitation in vitro, which suggests that it may function to limit free alpha-Hb toxicities in vivo. We investigated this possibility through gene ablation and biochemical studies. AHSP(-/-) erythrocytes contained hemoglobin precipitates and were short-lived. In hematopoietic tissues, erythroid precursors were elevated in number but exhibited increased apoptosis. Consistent with unstable alpha-Hb, AHSP(-/-) erythrocytes contained increased ROS and evidence of oxidative damage. Moreover, purified recombinant AHSP inhibited ROS production by alpha-Hb in solution. Finally, loss of AHSP worsened the phenotype of beta-thalassemia, a common inherited anemia characterized by excess free alpha-Hb. Together, the data support a model in which AHSP binds alpha-Hb transiently to stabilize its conformation and render it biochemically inert prior to Hb A assembly. This function is essential for normal erythropoiesis and, to a greater extent, in beta-thalassemia. Our findings raise the possibility that altered AHSP expression levels could modulate the severity of beta-thalassemia in humans.
A CMOS fully-balanced continuous-time IFLF filter design for read/write channels (2002)

The design and implementation method of a CMOS continuous-time inverse-follow-the-leader feedback (IFLF) filter are described. The approach permits the realization of arbitrary transfer functions. A seventh-order lowpass filter with equiripple delay and real zeros to effect a gain boost is implemented by using a linear, fully-balanced CMOS operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) which has high DC gain and extremely wide bandwidth. SPICE simulations show that the cut-off frequency of the lowpass filter without real zeros and with real zeros ranged from 5 to 20 MHz and 10 to 47 MHz, respectively. Total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 0.45% for a differential input voltage of V/sub in/=1 V/sub pp/ at 1 MHz. Power consumption is 120 mW for a 5-V supply.
Growth of a human intestinal Desulfovibrio desulfuricans in continuous cultures containing defined populations of saccharolytic and amino acid fermenting bacteria (1998)

Ecological and physiological effects of the sulphate-reducing bacterium (SRB) Desulfovibrio desulfuricans on other intestinal organisms were investigated in anaerobic chemostats (dilution rate approximately 0.2 h-1). Reproducible defined bacterial communities were used in these experiments, comprising 14 different saccharolytic and amino acid fermenting species: Bifidobacterium longum, Bif. adolescentis, Bif. pseudolongum, Bif. infantis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bact. vulgatus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecalis, Ent. faecium, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, Cl. butyricum, Cl. innocuum, Cl. bifermentans. Lactobacillus and Cl. bifermentans populations never rose above minimum detection limits (log10 2.0 and 4.0, respectively) under the experimental conditions employed in these studies. Inclusion of Des. desulfuricans in bacterial cultures (c. log10 8.4 viable cells ml-1) resulted in marked reductions (i.e. greater than 1 log) in planktonic cell population densities of several species, particularly Bif. longum, Cl. perfringens and Bif. pseudolongum. The two bacteroides species were unaffected by Des. desulfuricans, while numbers of Cl. butyricum increased. Extensive wall growth developed in the SRB culture, consisting mainly of Des. desulfuricans (log10 9.2 viable cells ml-1), Bact. thetaiotaomicron and Bact. vulgatus, with lesser numbers of facultative anaerobes, Cl. perfringens and Bif. longum. Wall growth was associated with a reduction in planktonic cell mass and increased acid production by the cultures. Chemotaxonomic study of chemostat microbiotas, on the basis of cellular fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analyses, showed the existence of characteristic bacteroides (C15) and bifidobacterial (C18) markers, but desulfovibrio markers (i-C15:0, C16:0, i-C17:1) could be identified. The metabolic activities of saccharolytic organisms were altered in the SRB chemostat, including synthesis of a number of hydrolytic enzymes involved in carbohydrate breakdown, such as alpha-galactosidase, alpha-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase, together with several mucinolytic enzymes. High concentrations of sulphide (8.2 mmol 1-1) were detected in the SRB chemostat, suggesting that this metabolite may have been inhibitory to some species. Saccharolytic organisms growing in the SRB fermenter utilized more starch, but less galactose-containing polymers, which correlated with the observed glycosidase activities. Profound differences were also recorded with respect to fermentation product formation in the chemostats, where a major switch to acetate production occurred in the SRB culture, with concomitant reductions in propionate, butyrate and lactate, which is an important electron donor for desulfovibrios.
Development of Diaper Rash in the Newborn (2000)

Diaper rash is a common infant malady. This study documents the earliest stages of rash in a cohort of 31 healthy term newborns over the first 28 days of life. The diaper area was evaluated using a standardized diaper rash grading scale. The anal, buttock, genital, intertriginous, waistband, and leg areas were assessed separately. At birth the average grade was 0.1 and none of the infants had specific features of advanced rash. Nineteen percent had dryness and/or slight redness. By day 7, 71% of infants had some features of skin compromise, giving rise to an overall grade of 0.6. Both the frequency and overall grade increased during postnatal weeks 2 and 3. Overall scores for days 21 and 28 were the same (1.1). The perianal area had the highest overall regional rash grade. Gender differences were present for the genital area only. These findings indicate that epidermal barrier breakdown is an uncommon finding at birth. Clinical signs of irritated skin in the diaper area develop progressively over the first postnatal month. A better understanding of the mechanisms conferring epidermal barrier protection at birth may be important for developing skin care products and practices to extend this protection later into life.
Computational efficiency of a functional expansion algorithm for linear quadratic optimal control (2005)

A comparison of several algorithms for the solution of linear quadratic optimal control problems is presented. The unique feature of the present work is that it considers a method based on an expansion of the control and state in terms of Chebyshev polynomials. The comparison is based on the number of floating point operations required to compute the time history of the optimal control for a linear quadratic control problem. Comparisons between the Chebyshev expansion method and three methods chosen from A.V. Ramesh et al. (1989) are summarized. At first glance, it appears that the Chebyshev method is asymptotically inferior to the other methods since its expression is of degree two higher.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Forcefree control with independent compensation for inertia friction and gravity of industrial articulated robot arm (2004)

Forcefree control can realize the flexible motion of industrial articulated robot arms without any change of the built-in controller. In this paper, the forcefree control was extended to realize flexible motion emulating operational circumstance free of inertia, friction and gravity through the independent compensation of inertia, friction and gravity. The property of the forcefree control with independent compensation was also investigated by experimental study of an actual industrial articulated robot arm, where the external force was measured with a force sensor which was attached to the tip of the robot arm.
Identification of some Bacteria from Paddy Antagonistic to Several Rice Fungal Pathogens (1993)

Abstract The effect of 23 bacterial strains from ricefields in the tropics on rice seed germination and on radicle and hypocotyl development of four rice cultivars was determined. There was a varietal difference in response to seed bacterization with the different bacterial strains. Germination of cv. IR58 increased from 78 to 93 %, that of cv. IR64, from 89 to 97 %. Less effects on germination of cvs IR42 and IR36 were observed. All strains inhibited the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani in vitro . The three strains, identified as Bacillus subtilis , inhibited the mycelial growth of eight fungal pathogens whereas the other strains were pathogen‐specific. Seed bacterization with these bacterial strains provided a sheath blight protection of 4. 5 to 73 % in the glasshouse trial. These 23 bacterial strains were identified by phenotypic tests using the API systems, morphological and biochemical features, and by comparison of electrophoretic patterns after sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Bacterial strains were identified (number of strains in brackets) as: Bacillus subtilis (3), Bacillus laterosporus (1), Bacillus pumilus (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7), Pseudomonas belonging to section 1 (5), Erwina herbicola ‐like (1), and Serratia marcescens (1). The features of the other four strains were similar to Serratia except for the DNAase and lipase activities.
Parenting by patients with eating disorders: Experiences with a mother-child group (1997)

Abstract Because most eating-disordered mothers reported serious parenting difficulties, the Therapy Center for Eating Disorders in Munich started with a mother-child group. Three cases are described in detail. The case presentations focus on the problems of the mothers and their children. The latter may be considered a high-risk group for developing behavioral problems. The experiences point to the need for special counseling for mothers with eating disorders.
A new constraint for mining sets in sequences (2009)

Discovering interesting patterns in event sequences is a popular task in the field of data mining. Most existing methods try to do this based on some measure of cohesion to determine an occurrence of a pattern, and a frequency threshold to determine if the pattern occurs often enough. We introduce a new constraint based on a new interestingness measure combining the cohesion and the frequency of a pattern. For a dataset consisting of a single sequence, the cohesion is measured as the average length of the smallest intervals containing the pattern for each occurrence of its events, and the frequency is measured as the probability of observing an event of that pattern. We present a similar constraint for datasets consisting of multiple sequences. We present algorithms to efficiently identify the thus defined interesting patterns, given a dataset and a user-defined threshold. After applying our method to both synthetic and real-life data, we conclude that it indeed gives intuitive results in a number of applications.
Commercializing profile-driven optimization (2002)

There are a broad selection of code-improving optimizations and scheduling techniques based on profile information. Industry has been slow to productize these because traditional ways of profiling are cumbersome. Profiling slows down the execution of a program by factors of 2 to 30 times. Software vendors must compile, profile, and then re-compile their products. In addition, profiling requires a representative set of inputs and is hard to validate. Finally, profiling has had little success for system code such as kernel and I/O drivers. This paper discusses experiences AT&T Global Information Solutions has had with commercializing profile-driven optimizations. Three approaches to profiling are discussed, along with results and comments concerning their advantages and drawbacks. The validity of profiling is discussed. One new innovation, hardware-based profiling, removes many of the problems vendors have with profiling. The paper also discusses methods to profile system code and support debugging. In general, the data and techniques presented in this paper can be used to productize profiling and advocate its use to the software business community.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>