gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adoptive transfer of cloned T helper cells ameliorates periodontal disease in nude rats (1994)

We have previously described a T helper cell 2-type clone, A3, of rat T cells that provides help for antibody production to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in vitro and in vivo in normal (euthymic) isogeneic Rowett strain recipient rats. Adoptive transfer of this T helper cell clone to euthymic rats also protects them from periodontal bone loss induced by oral infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans. In the present study, to assess the cell requirement for protection, A3 clone T lymphocytes (10(6)) or naive lymph node (6 x 10(4)) T cells, or A3 plus naive lymph node T cells (6 x 10(4)) were adoptively transferred to groups (n = 7-9) of 30-day-old Rowett athymic nude (rnu/rnu) rats. All recipients were also immunized (intraperitoneally) with 10(7) killed A. actinomycetemcomitans on the day of T cell transfer and orally infected with these bacteria on each of the next 5 days. Recipients of the combined A3+lymph node T cell transfer showed significantly increased serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibody to A. actinomycetemcomitans and in vitro proliferation of spleen lymphocytes to A. actinomycetemcomitans as antigen compared with nude animals receiving lymph node T cells only. Although other possibilities are discussed, we inferred that these differences might be due to successful population of the congenitally athymic rats by A3 clone cells given with a small number of normal autologous naive lymph node T cells. The result of this co-transfer of naive T cells with the A3 clone cells seemed to be greatly increased antibody production and protection from periodontal bone loss.
CHI-nnabis (2017)

The consumption of cannabis has substantial implications for medicine, popular culture, and technology use, yet discussion of it is almost entirely absent in the HCI literature. Taking advantage of CHI 2017's location in one of the first jurisdictions to legalize recreational use of marijuana in the U.S., this panel will discuss its socio-technical implications, identify HCI research themes relevant to policy and public health debates, and outline a research agenda.
Composite hydrogels for implants (1998)

Hydrophilic composite structures are designed to mimic the transport and mechanical properties of natural soft tissue such as tendons, ligaments and intervertebral discs. Mechanical and viscoelastic behaviour of a soft composite material based on a hydrogel matrix reinforced with bundles of polyethylene therephthalate (PET) fibres is analysed. The typical J-shaped stress-strain behaviour, displayed by natural tendons and ligaments, is reproduced. The mechanical characteristics, such as the extent of the 'toe-in region' and the elastic modulus in the linear region, can be controlled by varying the winding angle of the fibres and the matrix composition. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed the dual behaviour of the composite systems due to the progressive contribution of the PET fibres. Different poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate)/polycaprolactone (PHEMA/PCL) semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) hydrogel composite systems reinforced with PET fibres have been investigated for potential use as intervertebral disc prostheses. Compression properties have been evaluated by static and dynamic tests. Uniaxial compression tests on the swollen samples showed an increase of the modulus and maximum stress with increasing content of PCL and PET fibres. Creep behaviour is also dependent on the hydrogel composition. The composite PHEMA/PCL hydrogels showed compression properties similar to those expressed by canine intervertebral discs in different spinal locations.
Isomerizations akin to the Dimroth rearrangement. III. The conversion of simple s-Triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidines into their [1,5-a] Isomers (1977)

The treatment of 2-hydrazinopyrimidines (1) with acylating agents under appropriate conditions is used to prepare s-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine (6a) and its derivatives bearing alkyl or aryl groups at the 3-, 5-, 6- , or 7-position. These compounds rearrange in acid or alkali to give the corresponding s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines (7). Rates for such isomerizations in alkali increase steeply in the range pH 10-12.5; in acid, they reach maxima at pH values corresponding approximately to the pKa of each substance (in the range pH 1.5-2.5) and fall off on both sides. Rearrangement of the parent heterocycle (6a) is slowed significantly by each added 3-, 6-, and 7-alkyl group and slowed profoundly by a 5-alkyl group: for example, 3,5,7-trimethyltriazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine rearranges 2500 times more slowly than the unsubstituted heterocycle at pH 11.3. The isomeric systems (6) and (7) are distinguished easily by their tabulated u.v. and N.M.R. spectra.
Anti-biofouling and antibacterial surfaces<i>via</i>a multicomponent coating deposited from an up-scalable atmospheric-pressure plasma-assisted CVD process (2018)

Prevention of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on the surfaces of materials is a topic of major medical and societal importance. In this study, an up-scalable atmospheric-pressure plasma assisted deposition method is introduced to produce a multicomponent coating towards the elaboration of antibacterial and anti-biofilm surfaces. Interestingly, from a single catechol-based monomer, high deposition rates of highly chemically reactive functional thin films bearing catechol as well as quinone groups are achieved. The catechol-bearing thin film allows the in situ silver nanoparticle formation, assessed by scanning electron microscopy and EDX, whilst the enriched-quinone thin film is exploited for immobilizing dispersine B, an enzyme. In vitro functional assays demonstrated the dual antibacterial and anti-biofouling resistance properties of the coatings due to the antibacterial effect of silver and the fouling resistance of grafted dispersine B, respectively. Surfaces coated only with silver provide an antibacterial effect but fail to inhibit bacterial attachment, highlighting the usefulness of such dual-action surfaces. The approach presented here provides a simple and effective chemical pathway to construct powerful antibacterial surfaces for various industrial applications.
(I<sub>2</sub>)<i><sub>n</sub></i> Encapsulation inside TiO<sub>2</sub>:  A Way To Tune Photoactivity in the Visible Region (2007)

We report on the synthesis of nanovoid-structured TiO(2) material via a sol-gel route using titanium isopropoxide as precursor. The nanovoids are formed during the thermal treatment in air at 773 K. The surfaces of internal cavities are populated by the partial oxidation products of the organic part of the Ti precursor (CO(2), hydrogen carbonates, and residual isopropoxide groups). The thermal treatment in air at 773 K allows the maintainence, in the internal voids, of the encapsulated species. Addition of iodine in the synthesis procedure results in a new nanovoid-structured titanium oxide able to absorb light in the whole visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The origin of this absorption is attributed to the presence of (I(2))(n) adducts encapsulated in the nanocavities. These species coexist with partial combustion products of isopropoxide groups. Due to the protection of the TiO(2) walls, the (I(2))(n) adducts are not destroyed by thermal treatments in air. We have investigated whether the electron promoted in the excited state of the dye molecule (upon absorption of visible light from the (I(2))(n) adducts) can be injected into either the TiO(2) conduction band or some titanium-localized acceptor, followed by migration of the injected electron to the surface where it reduces adsorbed organic molecules. Preliminarily experiments conducted with sunlight show that the surface-specific efficiency of this process, tested by following the degradation of methylene blue, is about 10 times higher than that of the P25 commercial TiO(2) photocatalyst.
Production of Functional T Cells after Treatment of Bone Marrow with Thymic Factor (1973)

Abstract Incubation of bone marrow cells with thymic factor obtained from bovine thymus tissue resulted in the development of cells with T lymphocyte-like function. Adoptive transfer of these cells into lethally irradiated syngeneic mice followed by antigen stimulation with sheep erythrocytes provided a system for testing the ability of the thymic factor-treated cells to induce B cells to become antibody-forming cells. The former were capable of substituting for thymocytes since antibody-forming cells were detected in the recipient spleens upon assay for hemolytic plaques 9 days after transplantation. Limiting dilution experiments in which graded numbers of thymic factor-treated marrow cells were transferred along with a nonrestricted supply of normal bone marrow cells and antigen indicated that the critical number of thymic factor-treated marrow cells needed to synergize with B cells in the production of an anti-SRBC response was contained in 3 × 105 marrow cells. Quantitative and qualitative differences between the thymic factor-treated cells and thymus-derived T cells are discussed.
Speckle noise in displays (1976)

A theory is presented which relates the minimum detectable contrast level for an object in the presence of noise to the statistics of the speckle. Consideration is given to smoothing of the noise by multiple looks and by area. Measurements of the minimum detectable contrast are made for two types of speckle noise. First, a coherent, plane wave is added to an ideal diffuse wave and the threshold of detection is established as a function of the beam ratio. Secondly, these results are compared to the technique of speckle smoothing using an N-fold intensity superposition of fully developed speckle pattens. Good agreement of experiments with theory is observed.
Time-reversed imaging as a diagnostic of wave and particle chaos (1998)

In the presence of multiple scattering, waves and particles behave fundamentally differently. As a model for the stability of the temporal evolution of particle and wave propagation, a scattering system is presented in which particle propagation is strongly unstable while wave propagation is significantly more stable. Both analytical and numerical evidence for the different stability properties of wave and particle propagation is presented; the exponential divergence of particle trajectories leads to a critical length scale for the stability of particle propagation that depends exponentially on time $[\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\mu}t)],$ whereas the critical length scale for the stability of wave propagation decreases with time only as $1/\sqrt{t}.$ This fundamental difference is due to wave suppression of classical chaos that is intimately related to the concept of ray splitting.
Resistance of Hepatitis C Virus to Ns3–4A Protease Inhibitors: Mechanisms of Drug Resistance Induced by R155Q, A156T, D168A and D168V Mutations (2006)

These data provide new insights in the understanding of the mechanisms of HCV drug escape, and may allow predicting potential cross-resistance phenomenon with other PIs. This approach can be used as a basis for future rational PI drug design candidates.
Query Suggestion Using Plural Visualization Techniques (2008)

Recently, the spring model is popular for visuali zing search results or the feature terms extracted from them. While the spring model is useful to visualize relat ions between nodes of feature terms or clusters, users can not necessarily understand the characteristics of nodes easily. Som e of the feature terms are not good as a query, so visualizing them is no use for query suggestion. Our system visualizes informa tion such as term and document frequencies as well as query term candidates extracted from search results. Moreover, users can easily understand the characteristics of important terms using plural cooperating visualization techniques. Keyword Recommendation ,Information Retrieval ,Data Visualization ,Web Mining
Multiple genes encode the major surface glycoprotein of Pneumocystis carinii. (1993)

The major surface antigen of Pneumocystis carinii, a life-threatening opportunistic pathogen in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, is an abundant glycoprotein that functions in host-organism interactions. A monoclonal antibody to this antigen is protective in animals, and thus this antigen is a good candidate for development as a vaccine to prevent or control P. carinii infection. We have cloned and sequenced seven related but unique genes encoding the major surface glycoprotein of rat P. carinii. Partial amino acid sequencing confirmed the identity of these genes. Based on Southern blot studies using chromosomal or restricted DNA, the major surface glycoproteins are the products of a multicopy family of genes. The predicted protein has an M(r) of approximately 123,000, is relatively rich in cysteine residues (5.5%) that are very strongly conserved, and contains a well conserved hydrophobic region at the carboxyl terminus. The presence of multiple related msg genes encoding the major surface glycoprotein of P. carinii suggests that antigenic variation is a possible mechanism for evading host defenses. Further characterization of this family of genes should allow the development of novel approaches to the control of this pathogen.
Casualty attendances: one year's experience at Waikato Hospital. (1982)

All casualty attendances (25 707) at a general hospital in the year 1979 were reviewed considering sex, age, employment, location of accident, mechanism of accident, diagnosis, time of arrival at casualty, day of week, week, and month. Males, young people (less than 32 years old), and working people were common attenders. Home accidents and weekend visits were frequent. these and other findings are discussed in the context of other recent similar studies.
THE HIGHLY UNSATURATED ACIDS IN SARDINE OIL. IV. THE SEPARATION OF HIGHLY UNSATURATED C20-ACIDS (1935)

Abstract Highly unsaturated C20-acids have been separated from sardine oil and they were further separated into the portions of different degrees of unsaturation with the results that an eicosatetraenoic acid C20H32O2 was isolated and also the presence of an eicosapentenoic acid C20H30O2 was proved by separating a fraction, in which this acid is concentrated.
Low-Frequency Measurement of the Spectrum of the Cosmic Background Radiation (1983)

Measurements have been made of the cosmic-background-radiation spectrum at five wavelengths (0.33, 0.9, 3, 6.3, and 12 cm) with use of radiometers with wavelength-scaled corrugated-horn antennas having very low sidelobes. A single large-mouth (0.7-m-diam) liquid-helium-cooled absolute reference load was used for all five radiometers. The results of the observations are consistent with previous measurements and represent a significant improvement in accuracy at low frequencies.
Electronic signal processing for differential phase modulation formats (2004)

We present simulations of novel electronic signal processing techniques that may be used to greatly improve the dispersion tolerance of DBPSK and DQPSK modulation formats by at least a factor of two.
An Assessment of Nitrate Occurrence and Transport in Washoe Valley, Nevada (1998)

Research Article| January 01, 1998 An Assessment of Nitrate Occurrence and Transport in Washoe Valley, Nevada HONGBIN ZHAN; HONGBIN ZHAN Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3115 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar W. ALAN MCKAY W. ALAN MCKAY Water Resources Center, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, P. O. Box 60220, Reno, NV 89506-0200 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (1998) IV (4): 479–489. https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.IV.4.479 Article history first online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation HONGBIN ZHAN, W. ALAN MCKAY; An Assessment of Nitrate Occurrence and Transport in Washoe Valley, Nevada. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience 1998;; IV (4): 479–489. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.IV.4.479 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyEnvironmental & Engineering Geoscience Search Advanced Search Abstract Using an unsewered subdivision in western Nevada as a field site, the occurrence and transport of nitrate from septic tanks was first studied using nitrogen and nitrate mass balance calculations, and was then simulated by using a solute transport model (MT3D) for two different input scenarios. The results from the transport simulations are compared with the results from the mass balance calculations, which predict that average nitrate concentrations are rarely above the federal drinking water standard of 10 mg/l NO3-N in the study area. The simulation using a uniform nitrogen-to-nitrate conversion ratio provides greater detail of nitrate behavior, but results are not compatible with observed values in portions of the study area. Hydrogeochemical data suggest that the study area is characterized by zones of contrasting redox conditions and associated contrasts in nitrogen speciation. These variable geochemical conditions provide the basis for regionalizing nitrogen→nitrate conversion ratios in the simulations. Resulting simulations are improved, and agree better with observed field data. We also address the capabilities and limitations of transport simulations. The limitations of simulations originated from the incomplete input information related to field conditions even though the adopted models (MODFLOW and MT3D) are robust themselves. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Intersubject variability of real-ear sound pressure level: conventional and insert earphones. (1994)

Measures of the sound pressure level (SPL) near the eardrum were determined at discrete frequencies between 500 and 4000 Hz on 50 ears using TDH-39P and ER-3A earphones with the attenuator of an audiometer fixed at 90 dB HL. Results revealed significant differences in the measured SPL between the two earphones at all test frequencies. Results also revealed large intersubject differences in the SPL measured near the eardrum for both earphones. The results of this study highlight the large intersubject variability associated with measuring the SPL at the eardrum and point out the difficulty in accurately predicting individual performance from averaged group data.
G-actin provides substrate-specificity to eukaryotic initiation factor 2α holophosphatases (2015)

Dephosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2a (eIF2a) restores protein synthesis at the waning of stress responses and requires a PP1 catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit, PPP1R15A/GADD34 or PPP1R15B/CReP. Surprisingly, PPP1R15-PP1 binary complexes reconstituted in vitro lacked substrate selectivity. However, selectivity was restored by crude cell lysate or purified G-actin, which joined PPP1R15-PP1 to form a stable ternary complex. In crystal structures of the non-selective PPP1R15B-PP1G complex, the functional core of PPP1R15 made multiple surface contacts with PP1G, but at a distance from the active site, whereas in the substrate-selective ternary complex, actin contributes to one face of a platform encompassing the active site. Computational docking of the N-terminal lobe of eIF2a at this platform placed phosphorylated serine 51 near the active site. Mutagenesis of predicted surface-contacting residues enfeebled dephosphorylation, suggesting that avidity for the substrate plays an important role in imparting specificity on the PPP1R15B-PP1G-actin ternary complex.
Scalable and Reliable IoT Enabled by Dynamic Spectrum Management for M2M in LTE-A (2016)

To underpin the predicted growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), a highly scalable, reliable and available connectivity technology will be required. Whilst numerous technologies are available today, the industry trend suggests that cellular systems will play a central role in ensuring IoT connectivity globally. With spectrum generally a bottleneck for 3GPP technologies, TV white space (TVWS) approaches are a very promising means to handle the billions of connected devices in a highly flexible, reliable and scalable way. To this end, we propose a cognitive radio enabled TD-LET test-bed to realize the dynamic spectrum management over TVWS. In order to reduce the data acquisition and improve the detection performance, we propose a hybrid framework for the dynamic spectrum management of machine-to-machine networks. In the proposed framework, compressed sensing is implemented with the aim to reduce the sampling rates for wideband spectrum sensing. A noniterative reweighed compressive spectrum sensing algorithm is proposed with the weights being constructed by data from geolocation databases. Finally, the proposed hybrid framework is tested by means of simulated as well as real-world data.
Large low-CTE glass package-to-PCB interconnections with solder strain-relief using polymer collars (2014)

This paper reports the use of circumferential polymer collars as a strain-relief mechanism to improve the fatigue life of low-CTE package-to-PCB solder interconnections, while preserving SMT-compatibility and reworkability. Acting as a partial underfill, the polymer-collar serves to block shear deformation at the solder-package interface, and redistributes the load to reduce the overall plastic strain concentration in the solders. It also suppresses failure initiation from defective surface sites and, thus further enhances reliability. Ultra-thin glass 100μm interposers were fabricated in 18.4 mm × 18.4 mm size to model, design and demonstrate the reliability enhancement with the polymer-collar approach. The detailed interposer design and fabrication process with laminated dielectric and metallization layers on both sides is presented. A new class of epoxies with low modulus, without the incorporation of silica fillers, was used to act as the polymer collars. The polymer collars are formed by spin-coating with an optimized thickness to provide the best compromise between the effective strain relief and reworkability. Board-level assembly was performed using standard SMT processes for glass interposers with and without polymer collars. Thermal cycling reliability testing (-40°C to 125°C) of interposers, assembled on PCBs with and without polymer collars for various thicknesses of the collar was performed.