gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Tea Catechins, Epigallocatechin, Gallocatechin, and Gallocatechin Gallate, on Bone Metabolism (2009)

In this study, three tea catechins, epigallocatechin (EGC), gallocatechin (GC), and gallocatechin gallate (GCG), were investigated for their effects on bone metabolism. The effects of the tea catechins on bone formation were evaluated using cultured rat osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cell line UMR-106. EGC stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity significantly at concentrations of 10 and 20 microM. The amount of mineralization also increased significantly with EGC. On another cell culture platform, EGC significantly inhibited osteoclast formations from RAW 264.7 cells upon receptor activation of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand induction on the fourth day of treatment, at a concentration of 10 microM. EGC also dose-dependently inhibited the mRNA expression of tatrate-resistant acid phosphatase. GC and GCG could decrease osteoclastogenesis at 20 microM. The present study illustrated that the tea catechins, EGC in particular, had positive effects on bone metabolism through a double process of promoting osteoblastic activity and inhibiting osteoclast differentiations.
Effect of tetrandrine on morphine dependence in isolated guinea pig ileum. (1999)

Tet and Nim, Ca2+ channel blockers, could inhibit the Nal-precipitated Mor withdrawal response in the isolated guinea pig ileum.
Transcriptional (p40x) and post-transcriptional (p27x-III) regulators are required for the expression and replication of human T-cell leukemia virus type I genes. (1987)

The pX sequence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I codes for three products: p40x, p27x-III, and p21x-III. p40x is a transcriptional trans-activator that activates not only the viral long terminal repeat but also cellular genes for interleukin 2 and its receptor. p27x-III and p21x-III are not required for transcriptional activation, and their functions were unknown. Cotransfection experiments with defective human T-cell leukemia virus type I proviruses and various pX expression plasmids revealed that p27x-III, in addition to p40x, was required for gag gene expression. Furthermore, it was shown that p27x-III induced accumulation of a high level of unspliced viral gag mRNA. These results indicate that p27x-III is a post-transcriptional modulator of viral RNA whose transcription has been fully activated by p40x.
Therapeutic potential of SGN-CD19B, a PBD-based anti-CD19 drug conjugate, for treatment of B-cell malignancies (2017)

Patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia have a poor prognosis. Despite measurable clinical activity with new targeted therapies, many patients do not achieve a complete or durable response suggesting an opportunity to improve upon existing therapies. Here we describe SGN-CD19B, a pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD)-based anti-CD19 antibody drug conjugate (ADC) being investigated for treatment of B-cell malignancies, which has improved potency compared with other ADCs. CD19-expressing tumor cells rapidly internalize SGN-CD19B, and the released PBD drug induces DNA damage, resulting in G2/M cell cycle arrest and cell death. SGN-CD19B demonstrated activity against a broad panel of malignant B-cell lines and induced durable regressions in mice bearing xenografts derived from these B-cell malignancies. A single dose of SGN-CD19B induced durable regressions at 300 μg/kg (3 μg/kg drug equivalents); combination with rituximab decreased the curative dose to 100 μg/kg (1 μg/kg drug equivalents). These doses are significantly lower than the level of drug required with other ADC payloads. In cynomolgus monkeys, SGN-CD19B effectively depleted CD20<sup>+</sup> B lymphocytes in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues confirming that SGN-CD19B is pharmacodynamically active at well-tolerated doses. In summary, preclinical studies show SGN-CD19B is a highly active ADC, which releases a DNA cross-linking agent rather than a microtubule inhibitor. The distinct mechanism of action, broad potency, and potential to combine with rituximab suggest that SGN-CD19B may offer unique clinical opportunities in B-cell malignancies. A phase 1 clinical trial is in progress to investigate the therapeutic potential of SGN-CD19B in relapsed/refractory B-NHL. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02702141.
Dispersion and polar contributions to surface tension of poly(methylene oxide) and Na‐treated polytetrafluoroethylene (1971)

Abstract Average values for dispersion γ s d and polar γ s d contributions of the solid surface tension γ s γ s d + γ s p for poly(methylene oxide) (PMO) and Na‐treated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are determined by a new computational analysis of wettability data. PMO displays γ s d equals; 21.8 ± 0.9 and γ s p = 11.5 ± 1.5 dyn/cm while Na‐treated PTFE displays γ s d = 36.1 ± 3.0 and γ s p = 14.5 ± 2.9 dyne/cm. These surfaces present the highest fractional surface polarity p s = γ s p /γ s = 0.29‐0.35 yet encountered for organic polymers or oriented monolayers. These unusual surface tension properties are correlated with surface chemistry and adhesion phenomena.
J×B heating by very intense laser light (1985)

Plasma heating by the oscillating component of the pondermotive force of a very intense light wave is discussed.
Preparation and Application of Crosslinked Poly(sodium acrylate)-Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel Alloy (2015)

This work presents a new method to prepare poly(sodium acrylate) magnetite composite nanoparticles. Core/shell type magnetite nanocomposites were synthesized using sodium acrylate as monomer and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker. Microemulsion polymerization was used for constructing core/shell structures with magnetite nanoparticles as core and poly(sodium acrylate) as shell. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to characterize the nanocomposite chemical structure. Transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine the morphology of the modified poly(sodium acrylate) magnetite composite nanoparticles. These particle will be evaluated for effective anticorrosion behavior as a hydrophobic surface on stainless steel. The composite nanoparticles has been designed by dispersing nanocomposites which act as a corrosion inhibitor. The inhibition effect of AA-Na/magnetite composites on steel corrosion in 1 M HCl solution was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Polarization measurements indicated that the studied inhibitor acts as mixed type corrosion inhibitor. EIS spectra exhibit one capacitive loop. The different techniques confirmed that the inhibition efficiency reaches 99% at 50 ppm concentration. This study has led to a better understanding of active anticorrosive magnetite nanoparticles with embedded nanocomposites and the factors influencing their anticorrosion performance.
Double-phased array for a flattened spectral response (1997)

We successfully demonstrate a new InP-based double phased-array waveguide (PHASAR) exhibiting a flattened spectral response in use as a WDM wavelength demultiplexer. Bandwidth is 0.94nm at -1dB and 1.8nm at -20 dB. Loss penalty due to channel flattening is only 2.2dB.
A low power high noise immunity boost DC-DC converter using the differential difference amplifiers (2009)

A new boost converter using the differential difference amplifiers (DDAs) in the control loop is proposed. Compared with the traditional current mode boost converters, the circuitry of this controller is much simpler and consumes less power by eliminating the loop compensation, current sensing, and slope compensation circuits. A large duty ripple voltage generated by an Rr-Cr network is compared with the DDAs' outputs to get the duty cycles and changes the boost converter from a second order to a first order system. The large noise margin of the duty ripple voltage also gives this control excellent noise immunity performance.
The path of murine serum amyloid a through peritoneal macrophages (2006)

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a family of proteins encoded by four related genes. Of the four, isoforms 1.1 and 2.1 are acute phase proteins synthesized by the liver. They become major components of the HDL plasma fraction during acute tissue injury and the HDL/SAA complex is readily taken up by macrophages. Herein we investigated the path SAA follows when presented to macrophages as HDL/SAA or in liposomes. Using antibodies specific to SAA and confocal microscopy, or EM autoradiography where only SAA is radio-labeled, we show that HDL/SAA is taken up rapidly by macrophages and within 30 min SAA, or fragments thereof, proceeds through the cytoplasm to the peri-nuclear region and then the nucleus. Within 45-60 min SAA, or fragments thereof, is found back in the cytoplasm and at the plasma membrane where it is subsequently extruded. The observation that SAA, or fragments thereof, traverse the nucleus is a novel finding and may implicate SAA in macrophage gene regulation. It also raises questions by what mechanism SAA enters and leaves the nucleus. We further investigated if both SAA isoforms traffic through the macrophage in a similar manner. Isoform differences were observed. Both isoforms bind well to the plasma membrane of macrophages at 4 degrees C, but at 37 degrees C only SAA2.1 is taken up by the cell in significant quantity, and is observed in the nucleus, suggesting that the two isoforms are handled differently and that they may have discrete physiological roles.
Micromechanical analysis of a model for particulate composite materials with composite particles—survey of craze initiation (1978)

Abstract Particulate‐filled materials consisting of a continuous matrix phase and a discontinuous filler phase made up of discrete heterogeneous particles are simulated by an elementary model consisting of a single spherical particle embedded in an infinite matrix, the particle being constituted by a spherical core within a concentric spherical shell. The specific case studied is one in which the particle core and matrix are of the same glassy polymer, and particle shell is a rubbery material. The distributions of six suggested craze initiation factors in the region surrounding the single particle are calculated when the material is subjected to a uniform uniaxial tension at infinity. Results indicate that the critical regions for craze formation are located either at the pole or at the equator of the particle (the polar axis being parallel to the applied tension), depending on the criterion considered and on the relative size of the glassy core in the particle.
Principles of the technological analysis and diagnostic criterias of the Mesolithic techniques (2015)

Principles of the technological analysis and diagnostic criterias of the Mesolithic techniques
<title>Video-Photographic System For Rapid Inexpensive Unit-Record Recording And Flexible Replay Of Real-Time Ultrasonic Imaging Of The Breast</title> (1981)

Much of the information in real-time ultrasonic imaging examination is lost when only a few of the scan planes are recorded. Recording of all scan planes is particularly desirable in the examination of the breast, where there are few anatomical landmarks and discovery of small lesions leads to the best prognosis. We have developed a system that allows such recording and provides for playback in a very flexible manner: the images can be reviewed at a rate from zero (static) to 30 frames per second, forward or backward, with "instantaneous" reversal or stopping in the progression of images under review. The images are stored as two rings of 120 images each, one ring per breast, on a disc of photographic material. The developed disc is placed in a reader which spins it at a constant 60 rev/sec. By counting the timing marks recorded along with the images (obviating tight mechanical tolerances) any selected image can be flashed onto a TV camera by a strobe unit controlled by the timing-mark count. As there is no mechanical inertia, the rate of change in the selected image can proceed at any rate up to the monitor and is applicable for use with formatters, VTR, etc., for further image recording. The recording disc is small (8" dia-meter) and inexpensive (<$5) and provides an archival unit record for inclusion in patient files.
[Results of phase II clinical trial of vindesine in the treatment of malignant tumors]. (1996)

A phase III clinical trial of vindesine-containing regimens organized by Chinese Medical Association was conducted from November 1993 to October 1994. In 799 evaluable cases, the overall response rate was 64.5% and the individual response rate was 74.1% for SCLC, 52.6% for NSCLC, 88.0% for malignant lymphomas, 62.6% for breast cancer, 57.5% for esophageal carcinoma, 59.0% for overian carcinoma and 94.0% for ALL. There were 1532 patients evaluable for toxicity. The dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression. Gastro-intestinal reactions, peripheral neuritis, alopecia and phlebtitis were also common. It is concluded that vindesine is similar to that reported as to response rate and toxicity.
Wettability and surface free energy of polarised ceramic biomaterials (2015)

The surface modification of ceramic biomaterials used for medical devices is expected to improve osteoconductivity through control of the interfaces between the materials and living tissues. Polarisation treatment induced surface charges on hydroxyapatite, β-tricalcium phosphate, carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite and yttria-stabilized zirconia regardless of the differences in the carrier ions participating in the polarisation. Characterization of the surfaces revealed that the wettability of the polarised ceramic biomaterials was improved through the increase in the surface free energies compared with conventional ceramic surfaces.
Biometric user verification using haptics and fuzzy logic (2008)

Security is always of a great concern for both organizations and individuals. The concept of biometric measures has been used to identify individuals as long as we have existed and has evolved with time. Behavioral biometrics can be further enhanced with the use of haptic devices. This paper presents a system that uses a haptic device to capture behavioral biometric features. The system then uses a fuzzy logic controller to verify user identification. This study shows that even with a simple interface, effective security could be achieved. Possible applications include online (signature) recognition or access control to highly restricted areas and/or data within an organization.
Impact of ETIF Deletion on Safety and Immunogenicity of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1-Vectored Vaccines (2010)

Heterologous gene transfer by viral vector systems is often limited by factors such as preexisting immunity, toxicity, low packaging capacity, or weak immunogenic potential. A novel viral vector system derived from equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) not only overcomes some of these obstacles but also promotes the robust expression of a delivered transgene and the induction of antigen-specific immune responses. Regarding an enhanced safety profile, we assessed the impact of the gene encoding the sole essential tegument protein, ETIF, on the replication and immunogenicity of recombinant EHVs. The deletion of ETIF severely attenuates replication in permissive RK13 cells and a human lung epithelial cell line but without influencing transgene expression. Whereas the intranasal administration of a recombinant luciferase EHV in BALB/c mice resulted in transgene expression in nasal cavities and lungs for 5 to 6 days, the ETIF deletion limited expression to 2 days and resulted in 30-fold-less luminescence. Attenuated replication was accompanied by a decreased capacity to induce CD8(+) T cells against a delivered HIV Gag transgene in BALB/c mice following repeated intranasal application. However, a single subcutaneous immunization with a gag DNA vaccine primed specific T cells for substantial expansion by two subsequent intranasal booster immunizations with either the gag recombinant ETIF mutant or the parental virus. In addition to inducing Gag-specific serum antibodies, this prime-boost strategy clearly outperformed three sequential immunizations with the parental or EHV-ΔETIF virus or repeated DNA vaccination by inducing substantial specific secretory IgA (sIgA) titers.
Novel taxanes (2013)

Since their addition to paclitaxel in the oncologists' armamentarium in the early 1990s, several new taxane formulations have been developed. Besides docetaxel and nab-paclitaxel, new analogs with better therapeutic profiles are being investigated. The goals of this next generation of taxanes are to improve the toxicity profile and efficacy, and to overcome resistance patterns. Several new taxanes, including cabazitaxel, paclitaxel poliglumex, paclitaxel+endotag, and polymeric-micellar paclitaxel, have shown clinical efficacy. These chemotherapeutics are part of many ongoing phase II and III studies on various cancer types. In addition, there are immunotoxins that link key antibodies to mitotic spindle inhibitors (trastuzumab emtansine and brentuximab vedotin). Through this mechanism, novel formulations increase cytotoxicity, improve specificity, and create possibilities for drug enhancement.
Met30p, a Yeast Transcriptional Inhibitor That Responds to <i>S</i> -Adenosylmethionine, Is an Essential Protein with WD40 Repeats (1995)

A specific repression mechanism regulates the biosynthesis of sulfur amino acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. When the intracellular S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) concentration increases, transcription of the sulfur genes is repressed. Using a specific reporter system, we have isolated mutations impairing the AdoMet-mediated transcriptional regulation of the sulfur network. These mutations identified a new gene, MET30, and were shown to also affect the regulation of the methyl cycle. The MET30 gene was isolated and sequenced. Sequence analysis reveals that Met30p contains five copies of the WD40 motif within its carboxy-terminal part, like the yeast transcriptional repressors Hir1p and Tup1p. We identified one target of Met30p as Met4p, a transcriptional activator regulating the sulfate assimilation pathway. By the two-hybrid method, we showed that Met30p interacts with Met4p and identified a region of Met4p involved in this interaction. Further analysis reveals that expression of Met30p is essential for cell viability.
Association and surface properties of diblock copolymers of ethylene oxide and <scp>DL</scp>‐lactide in aqueous solution (1997)

Abstract Diblock copolymers of ethylene oxide and DL ‐lactide (E m L n copolymers) were prepared by sequential anionic polymerisation and characterised by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and 13 C NMR. Their association and surface properties in aqueous solution were studied by surface tension and dynamic and static light scattering. Comparison of the critical micelle concentrations (cmc) and micelle association numbers ( N w ) of the E m L n copolymers with published values for oxyethylene/oxybutylene (E m B n ) copolymers indicated a slightly lower hydrophobicity for a lactide unit: i.e. L ≃ 0.75B. The temperature dependence of the cmc of copolymer E 42 L 12 was analysed to obtain a standard enthalpy of micellisation Δ mic H 0 ≈ 40 kJ · mol −1 .
Analysis and design of symbol mappers for iteratively decoded BICM (2005)

Iterative decoding and demodulation of bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) is investigated. The union bound on the error probability of BICM with maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding is derived with the assumption of a uniform interleaver. Based on the union bound, it is shown that an interleaving gain is achievable for BICM at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The design rules on the symbol mapper for optimal asymptotic performance at high SNR are derived and a new symbol mapper, called the maximum squared Euclidean weight (MSEW) symbol mapper, is proposed with examples given for 8-PSK and 16-QAM. The MSEW mapper is shown by means of an extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart to provide the best error-floor performance for BICM at high SNR. At low SNR, a mapper doping technique is proposed that combines the MSEW mapper with Gray mapper to provide a good match to a given outer code. Simulation results are also presented to confirm our analysis.
Monocytic and granulocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells differentially regulate spatiotemporal tumour plasticity during metastatic cascade (2017)

It is widely accepted that dynamic and reversible tumour cell plasticity is required for metastasis, however, in vivo steps and molecular mechanisms are poorly elucidated. We demonstrate here that monocytic (mMDSC) and granulocytic (gMDSC) subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor cells infiltrate in the primary tumour and distant organs with different time kinetics and regulate spatiotemporal tumour plasticity. Using co-culture experiments and mouse transcriptome analyses in syngeneic mouse models, we provide evidence that tumour-infiltrated mMDSCs facilitate tumour cell dissemination from the primary site by inducing EMT/CSC phenotype. In contrast, pulmonary gMDSC infiltrates support the metastatic growth by reverting EMT/CSC phenotype and promoting tumour cell proliferation. Furthermore, lung-derived gMDSCs isolated from tumour-bearing animals enhance metastatic growth of already disseminated tumour cells. MDSC-induced 'metastatic gene signature' derived from murine syngeneic model predicts poor patient survival in the majority of human solid tumours. Thus spatiotemporal MDSC infiltration may have clinical implications in tumour progression.
What Does It Take to Make the Perfect Clot? (2005)

The coagulation process has been conceptualized as being primarily dependent on adequate levels of the coagulation proteins. This concept was based on the clear relationship between the bleeding tendency and factor levels in hemophilia. The field is now evolving toward conceptualizing coagulation as being actively regulated by the specialized cellular components of the process. Rather than conceiving coagulation as only a "cascade" of proteolytic reactions, the coagulation reactions occur as overlapping steps on cell surfaces. Components of the old "extrinsic'" and "intrinsic" pathways of coagulation can be thought of as participating in the initiation and propagation of coagulation reactions, respectively. Thus, these pathways are not redundant as they are portrayed in the cascade model, but play distinct and complementary roles. Our understanding of how specific cellular features control the processes of hemostasis and thrombosis is developing rapidly. This review discusses some aspects of the cellular control of coagulation.
Hemispherically capped thick cylindrical monopole with a conical feed section (1974)

The axis boundary condition scalar potential integral equation is used to study the hemispherically capped thick cylindrical monopole with a conical feed section. The monopole is perfectly conducting and is fed by a coaxial line whose outer radius is connected to an infinite perfectly conducting ground plane. One approximation in the equation is that the field across the coaxial aperture is approximated by the fundamental TEM coaxial line mode. The integral equation is numerically solved by the moments method using entire domain basis functions with delta weights. A simple way for checking the convergence of the solution that needs no new integrations is given. The theoretical current distributions, input admittances, and radiation patterns are given for a thin, moderately thick, and thick monopole with and without a conical feed section. This feeding section simplifies the matching of the antenna to conventional signal generators and improves the high frequency characteristics of the monopole.
Severe Pregnancy Complication (Preeclampsia) Is Associated With Greater Periodontal Destruction (2005)

The above results suggest a possible association between periodontal inflammation and preeclampsia.