gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrical recording of lipid membrane in a microfluidic device (2009)

In this paper, we examined two types of devices for the electrical recording of transmembrane currents: the material used for the electrodes in the first device was agarose gel, and that in the second device was gold. In the first device, we embedded the agarose gel into microfluidic channels, which becomes a ldquosalt-bridgerdquo connecting a micrometer-sized chamber to the external circuit electrically. Next, in the second device, the micrometer-sized chamber was connected to the external microfluidic channel through a gold pattern. As a result, we expect that the gold sheet connection device will more significantly contribute to membrane ion-channel study.
Phase II Study of Dasatinib in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2009)

This study provides encouraging evidence of dasatinib activity in bone and reasonable tolerability in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic CRPC.
Restrictive diffusion in aluminas (1983)

Abstract The effect of the ratio of solute molecular diameter to the substrate pore diameter on the diffusion of polyaromatic compounds in four different pore sizes of amorphous gamma‐aluminas was studied at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. Diffusion rates of the polyaromatic compounds in the aluminas decreased as the ratio of solute molecular diameter to pore diameter increased. Empirical correlations between the apparent reduction in solute effective diffusivity and the ratio of molecular diameter to pore diameter were obtained.
Experimental Study on the Durability and Impact Resistance of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Structure (2009)

Impact resistance performance of the fiber reinforced concrete means the capacity of composite materials absorbing the kinetic energy under repeated impact load.Contrastive experiments of the impact resistance performance are carried out between alkali-resistant glass fiber reinforced concrete,polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete,reinforced concrete and ordinary concrete.The results of the experiment draw the conclusion that adding flexible fiber into the concrete can obviously improve the impact resistance of concrete and it is also advantageous to enhance the durability of the concrete structure.
Analyzing Lipid Metabolism: Activation and β-Oxidation of Fatty Acids (2008)

There is massive gene replication predicted for the activation of fatty acids and their entry into the β-oxidation cycle for fatty acid oxidation. These two steps in fatty acid metabolism are catalyzed by FadD and FadE enzymes with 36 genes predicted for each of these respective activities in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here we present methods for the cell-free assay of types of enzymes in live bacteria, as well as for fatty acid oxidation overall.
The Local Public Health System Assessment of MAPP/The National Public Health Performance Standards Local Tool (2006)

The Local Public Health System Assessment (LPHSA) in Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP), and the Local Tool of the National Public Health Performance Standards Program (LT/NPHPSP)--which are one in the same-attempt to assess the capacity to provide the essential public health services. Both tools have been utilized in various public health practice settings; however, users have been challenged with the complexity of the tools and time and human resource investment necessary to complete them. The recent Journal of Public Health Management and Practice issue focus on MAPP provided several examples of LPHSA implementation, both as a component of MAPP and as a stand-alone activity in the context of performance standards. The uniqueness in our approach involved a collaborative between a community-based organization, a public health academic program, and a governmental public health agency which conducted the LPHSA in a manner that did not require actual modification of the tool itself, was practical and feasible, and was of benefit and value to all partners.
Wound Healing After Hyperopic Corneal Surgery (2003)

In physical optics, light is considered as a wave, and the light wave spreads in all directions as a spherical wave. The wavefront is the shape of light waves that are all in phase (1). The ideal eye, defined as an emmetropic eye without any aberrations, has a perfect wavefront, described as a plane perpendicular to the line of sight (Fig. 1) (2). For real eyes, wavefronts that converge toward the retina are not spherical, so perfect imaging never occurs.
Non-invasive assessment of arterial stiffness by pulse-wave velocity correlates with endothelial dysfunction. (2005)

Increased values of pulse-wave velocity reflecting upon arterial stiffness show an excellent correlation with reduced values of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. We propose that the non-invasive modalities of estimation of the pulse-wave velocity and endothelial function estimation by flow-mediated dilation of brachial artery be used in clinical practice in assessment of pre-clinical atherosclerosis.
DETECTION OF NONEXUDATIVE CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION WITH OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY (2015)

Optical coherence tomographic angiography can detect the presence of nonexudative CNV, lesions difficult to identify with fluorescein angiography and OCT. Further study is needed to understand the significance and natural history of these lesions.
An Inverse Model for Near-Surface Velocity from Infrared Images (1989)

An inverse model to infer the near-surface velocity from the heat equation was applied to a series of six infrared satellite images from northern California. The inversion used a two-dimensional nondiffusive heat equation with a simple representation of surface heat fluxes and vertical entrainment. The along-isotherm component of the velocity was in the null space of this problem. An overdetermined problem was defined by adding weighted constraints on the energy, divergence and curl of the velocity and representative solutions were chosen from the family of solutions corresponding to a designated misfit level for the heat equation. A series of solutions with an average energy of 250 km2 d−2 and a divergence of 0.36 d−1 compared well with simultaneous Doppler acoustic log (DAL) measurements in regions with strong temperature gradients. The decorrelation time for the solutions was about one day. Horizontal advection accounted for about 40% of the variance of the temporal temperature derivative. There was little statistical skill in predicting temperature changes with the velocity fields inferred from previous images because of the short decorrelation time; however the average solutions provided a qualitative picture of movement of features seen in the series of images. The strongest region of divergence, the leading edge of a cold eddy near the coast, was consistent with average divergence calculations from DAL surveys for the same region. The velocity solutions from these inversions supported the theory that the apparent cold filaments in the images were actually meanders of the California Current.
Factors affecting the bioadhesive property of tablets consisting of hedroxypropyl cellulose and carboxyvinyl polymer. (1989)

The bioadhesive property of tablets consisting of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and carboxyvinyl polymer (CP) was investigated using the mouse peritoneal membrane. The adhesion force was significantly affected by the mixing ratio of HPC and CP in the tablet, and the weakest adhesion force was observed at the ratio of 3:2 (HPC:CP). Interpolymer complex formation was confirmed between HPC and CP in the acidic medium by turbidity and viscosity measurements. The interaction between CP carboxyl groups and HPC molecules was considered to be a possible mechanism for this complex formation on the basis of a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. These observations suggested that the adhesion force of the HPC--CP tablet to the mucous membrane was significantly affected by the interpolymer complex formation between HPC and CP.
Fast Global Oscillations in Networks of Integrate-and-Fire Neurons with Low Firing Rates (1999)

We study analytically the dynamics of a network of sparsely connected inhibitory integrate-and-fire neurons in a regime where individual neurons emit spikes irregularly and at a low rate. In the limit when the number of neurons --> infinity, the network exhibits a sharp transition between a stationary and an oscillatory global activity regime where neurons are weakly synchronized. The activity becomes oscillatory when the inhibitory feedback is strong enough. The period of the global oscillation is found to be mainly controlled by synaptic times but depends also on the characteristics of the external input. In large but finite networks, the analysis shows that global oscillations of finite coherence time generically exist both above and below the critical inhibition threshold. Their characteristics are determined as functions of systems parameters in these two different regions. The results are found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations.
Exchange reactions and electron transfer reactions including isotopic exchange. Theory of oxidation-reduction reactions involving electron transfer. Part 4.—A statistical-mechanical basis for treating contributions from solvent, ligands, and inert salt (1960)

The mechanism for electron transfer is discussed in terms of an atomic motion on a potential-energy surface in many-dimensional atomic configuration space. In the absence of electronic coupling between the reactants, a surface for the reactants intersects one for the products. Electronic coupling causes the usual removal of this degeneracy and permits the products to be formed adiabatically or nonadiabatically by an atomic motion across the "intersection" surface. \n\nThe properties of a system on this latter surface are formulated in terms of statistical mechanics, in order to treat in a consistent manner the ligands microscopically and the exterior solvent macroscopically. A concept of "equivalent equilibrium distribution" is introduced to evaluate the surface integral. A macroscopic quantity is invoked only in the last step of the derivation, replacing its statistical-mechanical equivalent. \n\nA relatively simple expression is obtained thereby for the reaction rate, which reduces to that obtained in part 1 when ligand and salt contributions are omitted. Applications can be made to a number of problems, such as prediction of non-isotopic electron-transfer rates from isotopic ones, relation between chemical and electrochemical electron transfers inert salt effects and possibility of an inverted chemical effect.
5′-<i>C</i>-Chain-Extended Adenosine Derivatives Related to Sinefungin. Synthesis and Biological Activity (1990)

Abstract The synthesis of four 5′-chain-extended adenosine derivatives is described. Three of these nucleosides were prepared by manipulation of lactone 6, which is derived from N6−benzoyl-2′,3′-O-isopropylideneadenosine 5′-aldehyde by chain extension through Wittig chemistry. Functional group manipulation allowed introduction of the C-6′ amide and amine groups, and the chain terminal amino or hydroxyl group. The fourth compound was prepared in five steps from the natural product sinefungin. Antiviral data and certain enzyme inhibition data are presented on the target compounds.
Identification of the Tryptophan Photoproduct 6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole, in Cell Culture Medium, as a Factor That Controls the Background Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activity (2005)

The presence of high affinity ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in cell culture medium has generally been overlooked. Such compounds may confound mechanistic studies of the important AhR regulatory network. Numerous reports have described that light exposed cell culture medium induces AhR-dependent activity. In this study, we aimed at identifying the causative substance(s). A three-dimensional factorial design was used to study how the background activity of CYP1A1 in a rat hepatoma cell line (MH1C1) was controlled by photoproducts formed in the medium exposed to normal laboratory light. The light induced activity was found to be tryptophan dependent, but independent of riboflavin and other components in the medium. The light exposed medium showed the same transient enzyme inducing activity in vitro as the AhR ligand 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ). This substance, which we have previously identified as being formed in UV-exposed tryptophan solutions, is a substrate for CYP1A1 and it has a higher AhR binding affinity than TCDD. Several tryptophan related photoproducts were detected in the light-exposed medium. For the first time one of the formed photoproducts was identified as FICZ with bioassay driven fractionation coupled with HPLC/MS. These results clearly show that tryptophan derived AhR ligands, which have been suggested to be endogenous AhR ligands, influence the background levels of CYP1A1 activity in cells in culture.
Studying Gene Expression System Regulation at the Program Level (2013)

Understanding how gene expression systems influence biological outcomes is an important goal for diverse areas of research. Gene expression profiling allows for the simultaneous measurement of expression levels for thousands of genes and the opportunity to use this information to increase biological understanding. Yet, the best way to relate this immense amount of information to biological outcomes is far from clear. Here, a novel approach to gene expression systems research is presented that focuses on understanding gene expression systems at the level of gene expression program regulation. It is suggested that such an approach has important advantages over current techniques and may provide novel insights into how gene expression systems are regulated to shape biological outcomes such as the development of disease or response to treatment.
Blind equalization in underwater acoustic communication by recurrent neural network with bias unit (2008)

Recurrent neural network structure is formed by adding bias unit to feedforward neural network (FNN), which was applied in underwater acoustic communication. The neural network by adding bias unit can take full advantage of statistical information of received signals; consequently, it raises convergence speed effectively and enhances the tracing ability of neural network blind equalization in time-varying channels, thus, equalization performance can be improved. Results of the simulation by computer and experimentation in a channel pool show that neural network with bias unit obtain better performance than traditional FNN in blind equalization of underwater acoustic channel.
A New Synthesis of 8-Hydroxy-2-di-n-propylamino-tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) (1992)

Abstract A new synthesis method for 8-OH-DPAT, a specific agonist at the 5-HT1A serotonin receptor, is described. It employs the Curtius degradation of a tetralin carboxylic acid easily prepared from (2-methoxy benzyl) succinic acid by Friedel-Crafts cyclisation.
Clinical applications of recombinant human colony-stimulating factors. (1989)

The differentiation and maturation of hematopoietic progenitor cells are regulated by certain growth factors. Several of these glycoproteins have been characterized, and their amino acid sequences have been delineated. Modern DNA technology provides sufficient quantities of these hormones for testing in clinical trials. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to increase the hemoglobin level and hematocrit in patients with end-stage renal disease. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) can increase the numbers of neutrophils and monocytes, in a dose-dependent fashion. The function of granulocytes and monocytes is also enhanced. Clinical studies of the toxicity and activity of G-CSF and GM-CSF have been conducted in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and neutropenia due to cancer and chemotherapy. In almost all patients the neutrophil count increased within 24 hours after the start of treatment. Side effects of G-CSF and GM-CSF are infrequent and usually mild. Combinations of CSFs may be even more effective.
Pilot non-conformance to alerting system commands (2002)

Instances of pilot non-conformance to alerting system commands have been identified in previous studies. Pilot non-conformance changes the final behavior of the system, and therefore may reduce actual performance from that anticipated. Two simulator studies have examined pilot non-conformance, using the task of collision avoidance during closely spaced parallel approaches as a case study. The first study discovered subjects' decisions to alert, and their selected avoidance manoeuvre, differed from those typically commanded by collision avoidance systems. The second study found consonance between the display and the alerting system improved subject agreement with automatic alerts. Based on these results, a general discussion of the factors involved in pilot conformance is given, and design guidelines for alerting systems are suggested.
Fast flip-chip power grid analysis via locality and grid shells (2005)

Full-chip power grid analysis is time consuming. Several techniques have been proposed to tackle the problem but typically they deal with the power grid as a whole or partition at unnatural boundaries. Using a locality effect under flip-chip packaging, we propose a natural partitioning approach based on overlapping power grid "shells". The technique makes more efficient any previous simulation techniques that are polynomial in grid size. It is also parallelizable and therefore extremely fast. Using complete partitions gives no loss of accuracy compared to a full matrix solution, while lesser partitions are conservative for droop and current. Results on a recent Pentium/spl reg/ microprocessor design show excellent speed and accuracy.
[Purification of bovine antimullerian hormone using a monoclonal antibody]. (1981)

Bovine antimüllerian hormone (AMH) has been purified from incubation medium of bovine fetal testes, by immunoaffinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody. Presence of AMH in the column eluate is demonstrated by its high antimüllerian activity. Biochemical analysis, by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicates that the testicular protein eluted from the column co-electrophoreses with native tritiated AMH which, as previously shown, is a dimer of 124,000 +/- 15,000 MW.
Syntheses and Energy Storage Applications of M<i><sub>x</sub></i>S<i><sub>y</sub></i> (M = Cu, Ag, Au) and Their Composites: Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors (2017)

Abstract The development of novel materials to improve energy storage efficiencies is essential to satisfy ever‐increasing energy demands. M x S y (M = Cu, Ag, Au) and their composites offer opportunities and enormous prospects in energy storage due to their extraordinary electrochemical properties, which promote promising energy storage characteristics in terms of stability, energy and power density, lifetime, etc. Recent developments of M x S y (M = Cu, Ag, Au) and their composites with various morphologies have received considerable attention. Multidimensional morphologies of M x S y (M = Cu, Ag, Au) and their composites have enriched charge‐storage and electron‐transport abilities. This review provides a detailed account of the synthetic strategies based on sulfur sources (i.e., inorganic sulfur sources, organosulfur sources, and other sulfur sources), which dictate the morphologies of nanosized M x S y (M = Cu, Ag, Au) and their composites. Notably, nanostructured silver sulfide can be prepared from the bulk to nanoscale. Moreover, the electrochemical applications of these materials for lithium‐ion batteries, sodium‐ion batteries, lithium‐sulfur batteries, and supercapacitors are summarized. Finally, future perspectives on the development challenges and major opportunities for M x S y (M = Cu, Ag, Au) and their composites, which must be overcome to achieve further improvements in electrochemical performance are outlined.
Fourier Transform Hyperspectral Visible Imaging and the Nondestructive Analysis of Potentially Fraudulent Documents (2006)

The work presented in this paper details the design and performance characteristics of a new hyperspectral visible imaging technique. Rather than using optical filters or a dispersing element, this design implements Fourier transform spectroscopy to achieve spectral discrimination. One potentially powerful application of this new technology is the non-destructive analysis and authentication of written and printed documents. Document samples were prepared using red, blue, and black inks. The samples were later altered using a different ink of the same color. While the alterations are undetectable to the naked eye, the alterations involving the blue and black inks were easily detected when the spectrally resolved images were viewed. Analysis of the sample using the red inks was unsuccessful. A 2004 series 20 US dollars bill was imaged to demonstrate the application to document authentication. The results argue that counterfeit detection and quality control during printing are plausible applications of Fourier transform hyperspectral visible imaging. All of the images were subjected to fuzzy c-means cluster analysis in an effort to objectively analyze and automate image analysis. Our results show that cluster analysis can distinguish image features that have remarkably similar visible transmission spectra.
Evaluation of a new p16<sup>INK4A</sup> ELISA test and a high‐risk HPV DNA test for cervical cancer screening: Results from proof‐of‐concept study (2007)

p16(INK4a), a cell cycle regulation protein, accumulates in abnormal epithelial cells infected with high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV). In immunostaining studies, p16(INK4a) has shown potential as a marker of high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer. To evaluate its potential use in cervical cancer screening, we conducted a feasibility study to compare the performance of a new enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) for p16(INK4a) (mtm laboratories, Heidelberg, Germany) to that of the Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2) test for high-risk HPV DNA for the detection of CIN3. Three hundred and nineteen women were referred from Western Washington Planned Parenthood clinics for colposcopy examination and cervical biopsy because of abnormal Pap test results. Cervical samples were obtained from study participants for p16(INK4a) ELISA, liquid-based cytology and hc2. The order (first and second) for obtaining samples for cervical cytology and p16(INK4a) ELISA changed with every other subject. Concentrations of p16(INK4a) protein were higher when the sample was taken before the cytology. The sensitivity of p16(INK4a) ELISA (concentration > or = 8 units/ml) taken as first sample was 90.0% for CIN3, and the sensitivity of HC2 taken as a second sample was 85%. In the same group, the specificity of p16(INK4a) ELISA (46.9%) was slightly better than hc2 (35.4%) Results from this proof-of-concept study suggest that p16(INK4a) ELISA has a similar sensitivity and slightly better specificity for CIN3 compared to hc2. These findings support proceeding with a larger study with samples from a population of women presenting for routine cytology screening.
Short Notices (1973)

Journal Article Short Notices Get access DAVID M. THOMPSON DAVID M. THOMPSON Fitzwilliam CollegeCambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXXVIII, Issue CCCXLVI, January 1973, Pages 204-b–205, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXXVIII.CCCXLVI.204-b Published: 01 January 1973