gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Holographic Contouring: Alternatives And Applications</title> (1971)

A great deal of research has been reported in the past five years on the applications of holographic interferometry to the nondestructive testing of materials and products. The majority of this research has been concerned with measuring either the object's surface displacements or its internal refractive index changes (or both). Relatively few researchers have pursued the fact that, in addition to measuring such changes in the object, holographic interferom-etry can be used to produce a contour map of the object's shape. The lack of interest shown to holographic contouring is easily explained by the relative lack of practical applications.
Object shape dependent scatter simulations for PET (1991)

The correctness of an analytical simulation for single-scattered gamma rays in positron volume imaging was verified by comparing it to Monte Carlo simulation of single scattering. The Monte Carlo simulation was verified using measured tomograph data. The single-scatter analytical simulation was extended to estimate multiple scattering. The multiple-scatter analytical simulation showed good agreement with the Monte Carlo simulation of total object scatter. It is shown using the analytical simulation that the position of a source along the line of response and the shape of the scattering object make a substantial difference in the scatter distribution in the projections. Such projections can be generated in a much shorter time using the analytical simulation than using the Monte Carlo simulation. A scatter correction method which uses the analytical simulation and exploits the inherent smoothness of the scatter distribution to account for three-dimensional effects in scatter distribution and object shape is also proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structure and Property Engineering of α-<scp>d</scp>-Glucans Synthesized by Dextransucrase Mutants (2011)

Seven dextran types, displaying from 3 to 20% α(1→3) glycosidic linkages, were synthesized in vitro from sucrose by mutants of dextransucrase DSR-S from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F, obtained by combinatorial engineering. The structural and physicochemical properties of these original biopolymers were characterized. When asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation coupled with multiangle laser light scattering was used, it was determined that weight average molar masses and radii of gyration ranged from 0.76 to 6.02 × 10(8) g·mol(-1) and from 55 to 206 nm, respectively. The ν(G) values reveal that dextrans Gcn6 and Gcn7, which contain 15 and 20% α(1→3) linkages, are highly branched and contain long ramifications, while Gcn1 is rather linear with only 3% α(1→3) linkages. Others display intermediate molecular structures. Rheological investigation shows that all of these polymers present a classical non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior. However, Gcn_DvΔ4N, Gcn2, Gcn3, and Gcn7 form weak gels, while others display a viscoelastic behavior that is typical of entangled polymer solutions. Finally, glass transition temperature T(g) was measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Interestingly, the T(g) of Gcn1 and Gcn5 are equal to 19.0 and 29.8 °C, respectively. Because of this low T(g), these two original dextrans are able to form rubber and flexible films at ambient temperature without any plasticizer addition. The mechanical parameters determined for Gcn1 films from tensile tests are very promising in comparison to the films obtained with other polysaccharides extracted from plants, algae or microbial fermentation. These results lead the way to using these dextrans as innovative biosourced materials.
Preparation and Properties of Barium Ferrite Using Hot‐Rolled Mill Scale (1989)

Commercial‐quality barium ferrite was made on a laboratory scale by the solid‐state reaction of raw hot‐rolled mill scale and barium carbonate. The quality of the isotropic magnets reached coercivity H c 1750 Oe, remanence B r 2200 G, and maximum energy product ( BH ) max 1.0 × 10 6 G · Oe and that of the anisotropic magnets formed by dry powder die pressing H c 2000 Oe, B r 3500 G, and ( BH ) max 2.6 × 10 6 G · Oe. The amount of the additives was in the range 0.4 to 0.8 wt%. The processing parameters were reported. The mechanism of ferrite formation was proposed.
Design of a Low-Profile Dual-Polarized Stepped Slot Antenna Array for Base Station (2015)

In this letter, a microstrip-fed dual-polarized stepped-impedance (SI) slot antenna element with a low profile is first proposed. The antenna is composed of two pairs of SI slots excited by two orthogonal stepped microstrip feedlines. The broadband characteristic is achieved by combining the fundamental and spurious resonances of the SI slot resonators, while the good cross polarization is mainly due to the introduction of the shorting pins. Secondly, based on the proposed antenna, a four-element antenna array is designed, constructed, and measured for base-station applications. Measured results demonstrate the bandwidths (return loss ) of the antenna array are 46.9% (1.55-2.5 GHz) and 38.7% (1.69-2.5 GHz) for Port 1 and Port 2, respectively. The isolation between the two ports is greater than 35 dB, whereas the cross-polarization level maintains lower than -27 dB across the entire operating band. In addition, the antenna array prototype achieves average gains of 13.5 and 13.9 dBi for horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, respectively.
The Human Pangenome Project: a global resource to map genomic diversity (2022)

The human reference genome is the most widely used resource in human genetics and is due for a major update. Its current structure is a linear composite of merged haplotypes from more than 20 people, with a single individual comprising most of the sequence. It contains biases and errors within a framework that does not represent global human genomic variation. A high-quality reference with global representation of common variants, including single-nucleotide variants, structural variants and functional elements, is needed. The Human Pangenome Reference Consortium aims to create a more sophisticated and complete human reference genome with a graph-based, telomere-to-telomere representation of global genomic diversity. Here we leverage innovations in technology, study design and global partnerships with the goal of constructing the highest-possible quality human pangenome reference. Our goal is to improve data representation and streamline analyses to enable routine assembly of complete diploid genomes. With attention to ethical frameworks, the human pangenome reference will contain a more accurate and diverse representation of global genomic variation, improve gene-disease association studies across populations, expand the scope of genomics research to the most repetitive and polymorphic regions of the genome, and serve as the ultimate genetic resource for future biomedical research and precision medicine.
Charge profiling and stability testing of biosimilar by capillary isoelectric focusing (2014)

CIEF was developed for the rapid analysis of charge heterogeneity of trastuzumab biosimilar using commercially available fluorocarbon-coated capillary. The CIEF master mix was composed of 0.30% w/v methyl cellulose, 2.3 M urea, 56.8 mM l-arginine, 1.52 mM iminodiacetic acid, 4.5% v/v carrier ampholytes (broad-range pI 3-10 and narrow-range pI 8-10.5 with ratio of 3:1), and 0.45% v/v 10.0, 9.5, 7.0, 5.5, 4.1 pI markers. To get a robust method to analyze charge heterogeneity, some separation parameters, including focusing time and separation temperature, were investigated and optimized. The optimized method gave good precision in estimated pI values of charge variants with RSDs of not more than 0.16% intraday analysis (n = 6) and < 0.18% interday analysis (n = 9). In addition, the applications of this method including purity, stability, lot consistency, peptide N-glycosidase F digest, and C-terminal lysine variants characterization were also investigated.
Separation and Identification of Tocotrienol Isomers by HPLC−MS and HPLC−NMR Coupling (1999)

A crude palm-oil extract rich in vitamin E homologues was investigated by HPLC-MS and HPLC-NMR coupling. For mass spectrometry a newly introduced ionization technique called Coordination Ion Spray (CIS) was used. Through the addition of silver ions to the HPLC eluent, the ionization process of nonpolar substances is facilitated. Chromatography and all coupling experiments were conducted on a C(30) column which exhibited an extraordinary shape selectivity and overwhelming sample-loading capability. Experiments were performed with pure methanol as an eluent which proved to be ideal for NMR spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. All necessary information for unambiguous structural assignment was collected within 45 min of the LC-NMR experiment and 15 min of the LC-MS experiment. Six compounds were identified, i.e., α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocotrienol, α-tocoenol, and α-tocopherol.
Iron status in patients with chronic heart failure (2012)

Increased level of circulating hepcidin characterizes an early stage of HF, and is not accompanied by either anaemia or inflammation. The progression of HF is associated with the decline in circulating hepcidin and the development of ID. Low hepcidin independently relates to unfavourable outcome.
NONSPECIFICITY OF GONADOTROPIC FACTOR OF PREGNANCY URINE INTRADERMALLY (1937)

A recent report<sup>1</sup>on the use of antuitrin-S<sup>2</sup>intradermally as a test for pregnancy and certain gynecologic conditions aroused our curiosity, since the results reported were at variance with the observations of one of us (A. E. C.) in allergic individuals. The great number of names given to various glandular products, similar in many respects, has caused much confusion. Some authors have been careless in giving details regarding the product employed and have failed to give information on its source. We have attempted to clarify this situation as far as this intradermal test is concerned. Mazer and Goldstein<sup>3</sup>mention a skin test for pregnancy as follows: "Porges and Pollaczek,<sup>4</sup>working on the hypothesis that pregnant women whose blood is surcharged with the anterior pituitary sex hormone are desensitized to its effects, and that nonpregnant women are correspondingly sensitive to subcutaneous injections of the hormone, attempted to employ this difference in
Flexible x-ray imaging detector based on direct conversion in amorphous selenium (2014)

In this paper, the authors propose a mechanically flexible direct conversion x-ray detector as a potential solution for portable and conformal digital x-ray imaging. It consists of a micropillar structured layer of 100-μm-thick amorphous selenium (a-Se) on a flexible thin film transistor (TFT) backplane with a pixel size of 70 μm as a substrate. The flexible substrate is made of an optically transparent polyimide with a heat resistance of more than 200 °C. It is bonded on a glass carrier for rigid substrate handling during the amorphous silicon (a-Si) TFT process. Separating the flexible substrate from the glass carrier is partly facilitated by a debonding layer sandwiched between them. A two-dimensional electrical simulation analysis revealed a possible charge generation and collection mechanism within the micropillared a-Se layer. An x-ray image captured by the curved flexible detector indicated that a pillarlike a-Se conversion layer can be used to perform x-ray imaging. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of a flexible digital x-ray direct conversion detector.
CFD modeling of chemical looping combustion in fuel reactor with gaseous fuel (2014)

Paper presented to the 10th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Florida, 14-16 July 2014.
Political Mistrust in Southeast Asia (2005)

Abstract Politics in Southeast Asia are often characterised by power abuses and corrupt practices, ramshackle political institutions, economic shocks, social inequities, and a steady erosion of cultural deference. In these conditions, mass-level mistrust of political leaders and institutions might be expected to surge. However, patterns of mistrust turn out to be more complex. Where political leaders are abusive and corrupt, while doing little to ease the declining fortunes of social forces, mistrust does indeed grow pervasive, even threatening political stability. But in other cases, political leaders, even though abusive, have ably mitigated mistrust, shifting mass-level grievances onto rival elites or social segments, deploying populist programs, or mobilising nationalist resentments, thereby perpetuating their standings. Analysis focuses on a number of contemporary leaderships in Southeast Asia that have produced variable amounts of mass-level mistrust, including those of Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore.
Algebraic Constructions of Constant Composition Codes (2005)

Constant-composition codes are a special class of constant-weight codes. They include permutation codes as a subclass. In this correspondence, two classes of optimal constant-composition codes are constructed. Both constructions employ perfect nonlinear functions, but they are different.
<i>The Encyclopedia of Canada</i> (1936)

Find information about UTP Journals. University of Toronto Press is Canada’s leading academic publisher and one of the largest university presses in North America, with particular strengths in the social sciences, humanities, and business. The Book Publishing Division is widely recognized in Canada for its strength in history, political science, sociology, Indigenous studies, and cultural studies. Internationally, UTP is a leading publisher of medieval, Renaissance, Italian, Iberian, Slavic, and urban studies, as well as studies in book and print culture.
Measurements of Atmospheric Turbulence Relevant to Optical Propagation (1970)

The aspect of atmospheric turbulence of interest to optical-propagation studies is the variation of refractive index. We demonstrate the application of high-speed temperature sensors to the direct measurement of this variation at optically important scale sizes, as small as a few millimeters. The thermometers, used in pairs with spacings ranging from 3 mm to 1 m, disclose that the turbulence near the ground frequently differs substantially from the Kolmogoroff model, and that the temperature difference does not follow the gaussian probability-distribution function. A model of the turbulent atmosphere containing sharply bounded regions with stronger than average turbulence agrees well with our observations. We also demonstrate the use of a single sensor mounted on an airplane to observe refractive-index variations at heights up to 3 km.
Sub-Synchronous Control Interaction studies between full-converter wind turbines and series-compensated AC transmission lines (2012)

Under certain conditions Sub-Synchronous Resonance (SSR) or Sub-Synchronous Control Interactions (SSCI) can cause damage or incorrect operation of wind turbines. This paper describes why SSR/SSCI behavior occurs, how simulation techniques can be used to assess these control interactions. The steady state stability of the Type 4 wind turbine is assessed using frequency domain modeling. A detailed PSCAD/EMTDC model is also described for analyzing transient behavior via time domain simulations. The applied controllers for a full-converter wind farm are shown to be immune to SSR/SSCI in the presence of series compensated transmission lines.
University under siege? (2005)

This paper explores the changes that are taking place in European higher education: a shift from the Humboldtian notion of the university to one that operates under quasi-market pressures. While increasing the culture of accountability in universities, this development, linked to shifts in their sponsorship and associated ‘missions’, is associated with an erosion of traditional mechanisms of trust. The focus is on UK experience, which is now extending internationally. Lessons are drawn on some of the institutional changes and problems that may lie ahead for European universities.
Robust Signal Recovery from Incomplete Observations (2006)

Recently, a series of exciting results have shown that it is possible to reconstruct a sparse signal exactly from a very limited number of linear measurements by solving a convex optimization program. If our underlying signal f can be written as a superposition of B elements from a known basis, it is possible to recover f from a projection onto a generic subspace of dimension about B log N. Moreover, the procedure is robust to measurement error; adding a perturbation of size ∈ to the measurements will not induce a recovery error of more than a small constant times ∈. In this paper, we will briefly overview these results, and show how the recovery via convex optimization can be implemented in an efficient manner, and present some numerical results illustrating the practicality of the procedure.
An Examination of Variations in the Nature of Employee Commitment: The Case of Paid and Volunteer Firefighters (2002)

Organizations depend heavily upon employees’ willingness to make an extra effort. As such, employee commitment is very important to the effective operation of any organization. We argue that the previous concept of organizational commitment may not capture some important aspects of the organizational commitment construct. We identify three dimensions of commitment: commitments to the supervisor, the work group, and the organization. We examine differences in the foci of commitment comparing the organizational commitment configuration of a sample of paid and volunteer firefighters in Northern New York. All firefighters perform the same work and must meet the same job requirements so we anticipate any differences in the configuration of the organizational commitment construct to be a function of whether they are getting paid or not. We found significant differences between the two groups of firefighters in the foci of their commitment: paid firefighters are higher on their commitment to their supervisor, while volunteers were higher on commitment to the organization. We argue that conceiving organizational commitment as multi-focused construct offers more useful information to researchers and managers.
Cold Atomic Gas in the Milky Way (2002)

TASK-1 and -2 are members of the two-pore domain potassium (K(+)) channel family and are sensitive to changes in extracellular pH. The effects of mutating charged, extracellular-facing residues in TASK-1 and -2 were studied in Xenopusoocytes by two-electrode voltage clamp. Hydrogen ion block was independent of voltage with K(d) values of 149+/-17.9 nM [H(+)] ( n=6) and 5.76+/-1.23 nM [H(+)] ( n=7) for TASK-1 and -2, respectively. Compared to wild-type TASK-1, H72N, H98N, H98D and K210N displayed significant shifts in their K(d) values for hydrogen ion block ([H(+)]; 110+/-9.80 nM, 737+/-170 nM, 321+/-85.9 nM and 267+/-9.92 nM, respectively, n=6 each, P<0.05). Although significantly reducing its pH sensitivity, mutation of H98 in TASK-1 did not abolish pH sensitivity; this implies that H98 is not the only residue or domain involved in pH sensing of TASK-1. TASK-2 does not possess a histidine residue at the homologous position. However, the inclusion of such a residue failed to produce the expected increase in pH sensitivity; instead, a slight decrease was observed. Despite their structural homology and common sensitivity to pH, the TASK family of K(+) channels apparently has diverse pH-sensing mechanisms.
Cloning and expression of a PKC-regulated chloride channel. (1994)

The cDNA of a protein kinase C-regulated chloride channel (CIC-3) was cloned. CIC-3 encodes 760 amino acids, which has significant amino acid identity with the previously cloned CIC chloride channels. CIC-3 cRNA elicited the chloride currents in Xenopus oocytes, which was completely blocked by activation of protein kinase C by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). The most abundant expression of CIC-3 mRNA was observed in rat brain, and the moderate level of CIC-3 expression was also observed in various rat tissues including adrenal gland, kidney, and lung. These findings suggest that CIC-3 may have important roles in various types of cells with regulation by protein kinase C.
Proceedings: Human Leukocyte Antigen Haplo-Homozygous Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Haplobank Modeled After the California Population: Evaluating Matching in a Multiethnic and Admixed Population (2015)

The development of a California-based induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) bank based on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype matching represents a significant challenge and a valuable opportunity for the advancement of regenerative medicine. However, previously published models of iPSC banks have neither addressed the admixed nature of populations like that of California nor evaluated the benefit to the population as a whole. We developed a new model for evaluating an iPSC haplobank based on demographic and immunogenetic characteristics reflecting California. The model evaluates haplolines or cell lines from donors homozygous for a single HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1 haplotype. We generated estimates of the percentage of the population matched under various combinations of haplolines derived from six ancestries (black/African American, American Indian, Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and white/not Hispanic) and data available from the U.S. Census Bureau, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, and the National Marrow Donor Program. The model included both cis (haplotype-level) and trans (genotype-level) matching between a modeled iPSC haplobank and the recipient population following resampling simulations. We showed that serving a majority (>50%) of a simulated California population through cis matching would require the creation, redundant storage, and maintenance of almost 207 different haplolines representing the top 60 most frequent haplotypes from each ancestry group. Allowances for trans matching reduced the haplobank to fewer than 141 haplolines found among the top 40 most frequent haplotypes. Finally, we showed that a model optimized, custom haplobank was able to serve a majority of the California population with fewer than 80 haplolines.
A comparative study of 3D scanning in engineering, product and transport design and fashion design education (2009)

Abstract The aim of this paper is to evaluate the use of three‐dimensional (3D) scanning technologies for design and engineering courses. This paper will provide a comparative discussion of the current 3D scanning technologies; and then describes three experimental studies in engineering, transport design and fashion design. Using 3D scanner technology the experiments tested the transferral of a variety of different data from scanned organic 3D shapes to 3D CAD packages for learning and teaching in undergraduate education. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 17: 263–271, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20213
Regulation of Flowering in Arabidopsis by an<i>FLC</i>Homologue (2001)

The Arabidopsis FLC gene encodes a MADS domain protein that acts as a repressor of flowering. Late-flowering vernalization-responsive ecotypes and mutants have high steady-state levels of FLC transcript, which decrease during the promotion of flowering by vernalization. Therefore, FLC has a central role in regulating the response to vernalization. We have isolated an Arabidopsis gene, MAF1, which encodes a protein that is closely related to FLC. Overexpression studies demonstrate that MAF1 produces comparable effects to FLC, and likely has a similar function in the regulation of flowering. In contrast to FLC, however, MAF1 expression shows a less clear correlation with the vernalization response. In addition, MAF1 overexpression does not influence FLC transcript levels. Thus, MAF1 likely acts downstream or independently of FLC transcription. We further report identification of a cluster of four additional FLC-like genes in the Arabidopsis genome.