gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ascorbic Acid: Its Role in Immune System and Chronic Inflammation Diseases (2014)

Ascorbic acid (AA), also known as vitamin C, was initially identified as the factor preventing the scurvy disease, and became very popular for its antioxidant properties. It is an important co-substrate of a large class of enzymes, and regulates gene expression by interacting with important transcription factors. AA is important in all stressful conditions that are linked to inflammatory processes and involve immunity. It has been known for decades that the persistence of an inflammatory stimulus is responsible for the onset of many diseases. AA is essential to stimulate the immune system by increasing the strength and protection of the organism. Therefore, its immunostimulant, antinflammatory, antiviral and antibacterial roles are well known, we have summarized its main functions in different types of diseases related to the immune system and chronic inflammation. We can conclude that AA, due to its effects and diversity of regulated pathways, is suitable for use in various fields of medicine including immunology, toxicology, radiobiology and others. AA is not preferable to be used as an isolated mode of treatment, but it can be co-applied as an adjuvant to regulate immunity, gene expression and other important physiological processes. However, we propose that future studies will take into consideration the research of new combinations of antioxidant natural substances and drugs.
Interleaved parallel schemes (1992)

On many commercial supercomputers, several vector register processors share a global highly interleaved memory in a MIMD mode. When all the processors are working on a single vector loop, a significant part of the potential memory throughput may be wasted due to the asynchronism of the processors.
THE SURVIVAL OF FUNGAL SCLEROTIA UNDER ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS (1971)

Summary 1. Sclerotia have been found to survive under adverse environmental conditions for long periods. Their viability is retained at low and subzero temperatures, while it is progressively reduced at temperatures above about 15° C. Dry conditions and lack of competition from other organisms favour survival. Depletion of food reserves results in loss of resistance to environmental factors. 2. The majority of sclerotia consist of an outer layer of thickened, close‐fitting, often pigmented cells that form a rind over a tissue of closely interwoven hyphae. A cortex and medulla is often discernible. 3. Features of sclerotia that are important in overcoming the harmful effects of desiccation and extremes of temperature include: the presence of a rind and sometimes an additional covering of either fungal or host tissue; the compact nature of the sclerotium; miscellaneous protectants on the surface of and in the hyphae; melanized hyphal walls; high intracellular osmotic concentrations; slow air‐drying to lower moisture content. Also the buffering action of the soil and the protection afforded by vegetation and plant debris are important. 4. The active exudation of water, the accumulation and secretion of soluble carbohydrates during sclerotium development and maturation, and the formation of large amounts of mucilage are of significance in resistance to desiccation, extremes of temperature and radiations. 5. The nature and the pigmentation of the rind together with the site of sclerotium development may give protection against harmful radiations. 6. The loss of sclerotium viability caused by toxic chemicals in the soil and atmosphere or by the enzymic activities of other organisms is reduced by the rind and the melanization of hyphal walls. 7. Survival under starvation conditions is achieved by the accumulation of abundant food reserves (lipids and/or carbohydrates) and a low level of metabolic activity. In the presence of a compatible host exogenous sources of energy are sometimes used. 8. Although the sclerotium is highly adapted to survive adverse conditions for long periods, sometimes micro‐environmental conditions may be so severe that only a few sclerotia can retain their viability. However, even a few such comparatively large bodies, rich in food reserves, have a considerable inoculum potential.
Methods for testing signals considering jitter transfer function (2018)

A signal with a jitter in excess of one unit interval will result in a failure of functional testing because the signal and its expected data are misaligned. Additionally, jitter measurements performed without considering the correct jitter transfer function (JTF) will yield incorrect results. Here, two methods are presented: one for functional testing while countering jitter and the other that considers the JTF for measuring jitter. The new methods use a time measurement unit (TMU) in automatic test equipment (ATE) and signal processing.
ATPase Activity of the MsbA Lipid Flippase of Escherichia coli (2002)

Escherichia coli MsbA, the proposed inner membrane lipid flippase, is an essential ATP-binding cassette transporter protein with homology to mammalian multidrug resistance proteins. Depletion or loss of function of MsbA results in the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide and phospholipids in the inner membrane of E. coli. MsbA modified with an N-terminal hexahistidine tag was overexpressed, solubilized with a nonionic detergent, and purified by nickel affinity chromatography to approximately 95% purity. The ATPase activity of the purified protein was stimulated by phospholipids. When reconstituted into liposomes prepared from E. coli phospholipids, MsbA displayed an apparent K(m) of 878 microm and a V(max) of 37 nmol/min/mg for ATP hydrolysis in the presence of 10 mm Mg(2+). Preincubation of MsbA-containing liposomes with 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic acid (Kdo)(2)-lipid A increased the ATPase activity 4-5-fold, with half-maximal stimulation seen at 21 microm Kdo(2)-lipid A. Addition of Kdo(2)-lipid A increased the V(max) to 154 nmol/min/mg and decreased the K(m) to 379 microm. Stimulation was only seen with hexaacylated lipid A species and not with precursors, such as diacylated lipid X or tetraacylated lipid IV(A). MsbA containing the A270T substitution, which renders cells temperature-sensitive for growth and lipid export, displayed ATPase activity similar to that of the wild type protein at 30 degrees C but was significantly reduced at 42 degrees C. These results provide the first in vitro evidence that MsbA is a lipid-activated ATPase and that hexaacylated lipid A is an especially potent activator.
Improving Yields of High Performance 65 nm Chips with Sputtering Top Surface of Dual Stress Liner (2007)

This paper presents a simple, effective, and economical method to improve the yield of high performance 65 nm SOI CMOS technology using dual stress nitride liner (DSL) for performance enhancement. Sputtering is used to reduce the complexity caused by DSL boundaries to smooth/trim the top surface of the DSL, which results into a significant yield increase. The perfect yield of 36 Mb 0.65μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> SRAM is increased by 25%. The yield for dual-core microprocessors is increased by 33% and for single-core microprocessors by 75%. Yield improvement is explained and sputtering effects on DSL stress and device performance are discussed. This method is in qualification process for product manufacturing.
Termination of photorefractoriness in golden hamsters—photoperiodic requirements (1977)

The photorefractory period of golden hamsters is characterized by the failure of short daylengths (less than 12.5 hours per 24) to induce gonadal regression. Photorefractoriness is terminated by prolonged exposure to long daylengths (greater than 12.5 hours per 24). This study was designed to determine the precise duration of long day (LD 14 hours light/24) exposure necessary to terminate refractoriness. The data indicate that 11 weeks of LD 14:10 terminate refractoriness in nearly every hamster. Exposure for fewer than 11 weeks is less effective whereas exposure for more than 11 weeks is no more effective. The data show that hamsters begin measuring long days to terminate photorefractoriness irrespective of the physiological state of the reproductive system, and, therefore, that photorefractoriness is induced some time during the period of testicular regression (during the first 10-12 weeks of short day exposure).
Clinical Aromatherapy: Essential Oils in Practice (2003)

Section 1: Overview 1. Introduction 2. The Nature of Aromatherapy - History 3. Basic Plant Taxonomy 4. Toxicity and Contradictions 4.1 Essential Oil Toxicity 4.2 Contraindications 5. Psychology 6. Aromatherapy in the Context of Nursing 7. Oral and Internal use 8. Aromatherapy in Manual Therapies Section 2: Clinical Use of Aromatherapy Part A. General Clinical 9. Infection 10. Insomnia 11. Nausea and vomiting 12. Pain & Inflammation 13. Stress management Part B. Specialized Departments 14. Cardiology 15. Care of the Elderly 16. Critical Care 17. Dermatology 18. Endocrinology 19. Hospice/end of life care Immunology 20. Obstetrics and Gynecology 21. Oncology 22. Pediatrics 23. Psychiatry 24. Respiratory care Appendices I. Education II. OHSA, JCAHO, policies and protocols, safety III. Nurse Practice Acts/WHCCAMP IV. Websites and useful addresses V. Recommended Essential Oils
Pressure tolerant systems for deep sea applications (2010)

The present paper deals with new approaches concerning pressure tolerant submerged technology. Different designs of pressure tolerant systems, which are characterized by the absence of pressure hulls, are discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of this novel technology are demonstrated. The overall pressure tolerant test platform DNS Pegel is introduced along with the main vehicle components and subsystems that highlight the pressure tolerant design. The vehicle includes an adjustable payload section. The current work discusses the sophistication of pressure tolerant systems. The goal is autonomous test dive cruises with the vehicle in the Atlantic Ocean.
Serum Follistatin-like-3 was elevated in second trimester of pregnant women who subsequently developed preeclampsia (2014)

The elevation of Follistatin-like-3 was demonstrated in late second trimester of pregnancy destined to developing preeclampsia, suggesting its causal role in the pathogenesis and prediction of preeclampsia.
A Concept for Airborne Precision Spacing for Dependent Parallel Approaches (2012)

The Airborne Precision Spacing concept of operations has been previously developed to support the precise delivery of aircraft landing successively on the same runway. The high-precision and consistent delivery of inter-aircraft spacing allows for increased runway throughput and the use of energy-efficient arrivals routes such as Continuous Descent Arrivals and Optimized Profile Descents. This paper describes an extension to the Airborne Precision Spacing concept to enable dependent parallel approach operations where the spacing aircraft must manage their in-trail spacing from a leading aircraft on approach to the same runway and spacing from an aircraft on approach to a parallel runway. Functionality for supporting automation is discussed as well as procedures for pilots and controllers. An analysis is performed to identify the required information and a new ADS-B report is proposed to support these information needs. Finally, several scenarios are described in detail.
Near-field ion flow for molecular scale manipulation (2009)

By applying electrical pulse wave into highly-ionized solution, we observed that protein can be efficiently transported toward the electrode surface regardless the protein is positive or negative charged. The operational frequency and electrical potential of the driving electrical pulse waves are not in the range of typical electrokinetic. Here we hypothesized a fluidic movement normal to the electrode surface, named near-field ion flow, was driven by the movement of ions when the electrical double layer is being formed. The hypothesis was experimentally supported by showing that more enzyme was transported toward electrode surface after applying pulse. The investigation provides an alternative way to manipulating fluidic movement without complicate microfluidics implementation.
Real-Time Modeling of 3-D Soccer Ball Trajectories From Multiple Fixed Cameras (2008)

In this paper, model-based approaches for real-time 3-D soccer ball tracking are proposed, using image sequences from multiple fixed cameras as input. The main challenges include filtering false alarms, tracking through missing observations, and estimating 3-D positions from single or multiple cameras. The key innovations are: 1. incorporating motion cues and temporal hysteresis thresholding in ball detection; 2. modeling each ball trajectory as curve segments in successive virtual vertical planes so that the 3-D position of the ball can be determined from a single camera view; and 3. introducing four motion phases (rolling, flying, in possession, and out of play) and employing phase-specific models to estimate ball trajectories which enables high-level semantics applied in low-level tracking. In addition, unreliable or missing ball observations are recovered using spatio-temporal constraints and temporal filtering. The system accuracy and robustness are evaluated by comparing the estimated ball positions and phases with manual ground-truth data of real soccer sequences.
An object level transformation technique to improve the performance of embedded applications (2002)

Embedded system designers tend to use small and simple cache memories. This kind of cache can experience poor performance because of their nonflexible placement policy. In this scenario, a big fraction of the misses can originate from the mismatch between cache behavior and memory access locality features. A way to increase the performance is to modify the program layout to fit the cache structure. This strategy needs the solution of a NP complete problem and very long processing time to determine the optimum layout. We propose an object level transformation technique to, look for a program layout that minimizes the number of misses by means of smart heuristics. The solution transforms the program layout using standard functionalities of a linker. Using some standard benchmarks and several embedded applications, we show the benefits of transforming program layout on various cache configurations.
Deodorizing system modification for heat recovery and steam refining of palm oil (1973)

Abstract With continuous deodorizers of the double shell type most of the steam normally used to preheat the feedstock in the deaerating section can be saved by a modification‐the essential feature of which is the addition of a heat recovery section location between the final deodorizing section and the cooling section, by means of which heat is transferred from the hot deodorized oil to the feedstock. Consistent with the principles of the original design, no pumping or piping of hot oil outside the deodorizer is required. Continuous deodorizers of the stripping tray type can be modified for “steam refining” or “stripping” of high free fatty acid palm oil to reduce the free fatty acid palm oil to reduce the free fatty acids to 0.03% max. This is accomplished by means of additional trays in the stripping sections of the deodorizer. The capacity, sparge steam temperature, vacuum and retention time remain the same as with normal deodorization.
Job Stress and Burnout among Probation/Parole Officers: Perceptions and Causal Factors (1985)

Perceptions and causes of job stress and burnout among a representative population (N= 108) of Alabama probation/parole officers responding to a survey instrument were subject to analysis. After examining reported levels of job stress and burnout, findings were compared to those from other studies. Multiple regression procedures were then utilized to identify significant predictors. Results indicated that a number of potentially alterable, organizational factors had a significant impact on officer perceptions; accordingly, several intervention strategies are offeredfor consideration.
Dipalmitoleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine induces apoptosis of NCI-H28 malignant mesothelioma cells. (2014)

The results of the present study clearly demonstrate that DPPE induces apoptosis of NCI-H28 malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. DPPE-induced enhancement of PP2A and PTP1B activities might at least in part contribute to the apoptotic effect of DPPE.
SREBP-1 Has a Prognostic Role and Contributes to Invasion and Metastasis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2014)

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) is a well-known nuclear transcription factor involved in lipid synthesis. Recent studies have focused on its functions in tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis, but its role in cell migration and invasion, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is still unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of SREBP-1 in HCC tissues was significantly higher than those in matched tumor-adjacent tissues (p < 0.05). SREBP-1 was expressed at significantly higher levels in patients with large tumor size, high histological grade and advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (p < 0.05). The positive expression of SREBP-1 correlated with a worse 3-year overall and disease-free survival of HCC patients (p < 0.05). Additionally, SREBP-1 was an independent factor for predicting both 3-year overall and disease-free survival of HCC patients (p < 0.05). In vitro studies revealed that downregulation of SREBP-1 inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in both HepG2 and MHCC97L cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, wound healing and transwell assays showed that SREBP-1 knockdown prominently inhibited cell migration and invasion in both HepG2 and MHCC97L cells (p < 0.05). These results suggest that SREBP-1 may serve as a prognostic marker in HCC and may promote tumor progression by promoting cell growth and metastasis.
A difference Fourier-transform infrared study of two redox-active tyrosine residues in photosystem II. (1993)

Photosystem II, the photosynthetic water-oxidizing complex, contains two redox-active tyrosine residues. Although current models suggest that these tyrosines are located in symmetric positions in the reaction center, there are functional differences between them. To elucidate those structural factors that give rise to this functional asymmetry, we have used difference Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to obtain the vibrational difference spectrum associated with the oxidation of each of these redox-active residues. Isotopic labeling was employed to definitively assign vibrational lines to the redox-active tyrosines. This work has shown that the vibrational spectra of the two redox-active species are significantly different from each other. This result suggests that the structure of the redox-active residue helps to determine its role in electron transfer in the reaction center.
[Association of polymorphism in the promoter region of PCA3 gene with risk of prosate cancer]. (2015)

Short tandem repeats are found in the promoter region of the PCA3 gene in PCa patients, and the increase of TAAA repeat sequences highly enhance the relative risk of prostate cancer development. The occurrence of such STR might be related to the mutations in their upstream loci.
Electrical, optical and structural properties of indium-antimonide (In-Sb) bilayer film structure (2004)

The indium-antimonide having small band gap is an important material for IR detectors and sources. The In-Sb thin film was deposited on glass substrate in the high vacuum chamber at pressure 10 - 5 torr. The samples were annealed for three hours on two different temperatures. The electrical resistivity decreases with increasing temperature, shows the semiconducting behaviour. The optical band gap varies from 0.22 to 0.23 eV with annealing temperature. The observed positive thermoelectric power indicates that In-Sb thin films were p-type in nature. The Rutherford back scattering analysis shows that the inter-diffusion concentration varies with temperature and X-ray diffraction pattern shows the improvement of crystallinity with annealing temperature.
Always best connected (2003)

Over the last few years, we have experienced a variety of access technologies being deployed. While 2G cellular systems evolve into 3G systems such as UMTS or cdma2000, providing worldwide coverage, wireless LAN solutions have been extensively deployed to provide hotspot high-bandwidth Internet access in airports, hotels, and conference centers. At the same time, fixed access such as DSL and cable modem tied to wireless LANs appear in home and office environments. The always best connected (ABC) concept allows a person connectivity to applications using the devices and access technologies that best suit his or her needs, thereby combining the features of access technologies such as DSL, Bluetooth, and WLAN with cellular systems to provide an enhanced user experience for 2.5G, 3G, and beyond. An always best connected scenario, where a person is allowed to choose the best available access networks and devices at any point in time, generates great complexity and a number of requirements, not only for the technical solutions, but also in terms of business relationships between operators and service providers, and in subscription handling. This article describes the concept of being always best connected, discusses the user experience and business relationships in an ABC environment, and outlines the different aspects of an ABC solution that will broaden the technology and business base of 3G.
Inhibitory Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor and Hepatocyte Growth Factor on Endothelin-1 Release by Rabbit Proximal Tubule Cells (2000)

Summary: Several studies have demonstrated an upregulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) synthesis in acute and chronic renal failure. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) have been shown to stimulate renal tubular cell proliferation and to accelerate renal regeneration after drug-induced and ischemia-induced renal injury. This study aimed to investigate the effect of EGF and HGF on ET-1 release, and whether the effect of EGF and HGF is antagonized by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lavendustin A. Rabbit proximal tubule cells were incubated for 48 h with EGF or HGF (0.1-10.0 nM), lavendustin A (0.1-10.0 μM) or co-incubated with EGF or HGF (1 nM) and lavendustin A. ET-1 concentrations in the culture medium were measured with a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). EGF and HGF exerted a significant (p < 0.001) dose-dependent inhibitory effect on ET-1 release. Lavendustin A induced a dose-dependent stimulation of ET-1 release and antagonized the inhibitory effect of EGF and HGF on ET-1 release. The inhibition of EGF and HGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity by lavendustin A was confirmed by Western blotting. These data suggest that EGF and HGF reduce ET-1 release via EGF and HGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity. The inhibitory action of EGF and HGF on ET- 1 release might be involved in mediating the protective effects of EGF and HGF in renal injury.
Overview. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole: An Assessment of More Than 12 Years of Use (1982)

Overview. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole: An Assessment of More Than 12 Years of Use Get access Adrian J. Salter Adrian J. Salter Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, and the Department of Microbiology, St. Thomas's Hospital Medical SchoolLondon, England Please address requests for reprints to Dr. Adrian J. Salter, The Clinical Research Division, The Wellcome Research Laboratories, Langley Court, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BS, England. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Reviews of Infectious Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 2, March 1982, Pages 196–236, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/4.2.196 Published: 01 March 1982