gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
E-537 MWPC amplifier (1979)

The design of a fast MWPC amplifier for the beam chambers and the absorber chamber is completed and all parts are on order. A prototype 16 channel board has been built and satisfactorily tested. Artwork is completed for the board and out to be photographed. The board fabrication contract has been let. Listed below is a summary of the amplifier characteristics as well as test results obtained with the prototype.
Using Writing as a Clinical Intervention. (1991)

The programs at the Bowling Green State University Reading Center are designed to help both elementary and secondary children improve their literacy skills by offering a variety of assessment and developmentally appropriate reading programs. These programs include individualized instructional programs which utilize a variety of language based teaching strategies and techniques, including the use of writing as a clinical intervention.
Tyrosine kinase signalling in breast cancer: Epidermal growth factor receptor - convergence point for signal integration and diversification (2000)

Cross-communication between different signalling systems is critical for the integration of multiple and changing environmental influences on individual cells. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been identified as a key element in the complex signalling network that is utilized by various classes of cell-surface receptors. This nonclassical mode of signalling system cross-talk, in distinction to receptor activation induced by cognate ligands, has been termed 'signal transactivation'. With the EGFR as the convergence point and distribution focus, this scenario may involve signals emitted by other members of the tyrosine kinase family, cytokine receptors, ion channels, G-protein-coupled receptors and integrins.
Bridgeless Boost Rectifier With Low Conduction Losses and Reduced Diode Reverse-Recovery Problems (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A bridgeless boost rectifier with low conduction losses and reduced diode reverse-recovery problems is proposed for power-factor correction. The proposed boost rectifier can reduce the conduction losses and alleviate the diode reverse-recovery problems by using a coupled inductor and two additional diodes. Zero-current turn-off of the output diodes is achieved, and the reverse-recovery currents of the additional diodes are slowed down to reduce the diode reverse-recovery losses. All inductive components are realized on a single magnetic core by utilizing the leakage inductance of the coupled inductor. Furthermore, for the use of this topology in the practical design, the linear peak current mode control is employed for the proposed boost rectifier. A detailed analysis and a control strategy are presented. Experimental results for a 300-W prototype are also discussed to show the performance of the proposed boost rectifier. </para>
Synthesis and applications of a variety of fluoroalkyl end‐capped oligomers/silica gel polymer hybrids (2005)

Abstract Fluoroalkyl end‐capped trimethoxyvinylsilane oligomers, trimethoxyvinylsilane– N,N ‐dimethylacrylamide cooligomers, and trimethoxyvinylsilane–acryloylmorpholine cooligomers were polymerized with hydrolysis and condensation between tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and trimethoxysilyl segments in oligomers to afford homogeneous fluoroalkyl end‐capped oligomers/silica gel polymer hybrids under mild conditions. Similarly, fluoroalkyl end‐capped N,N ‐dimethylacrylamide oligomers and acryloylmorpholine oligomers reacted with TEOS under mild conditions to afford the fluorinated oligomers/silica gel polymer hybrids. The formation of these fluorinated oligomers/silica gel polymer hybrids is due to the homogeneous incorporation of fluoroalkyl end‐capped oligomers into the silica gel networks through the intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction between the residual silanol groups in silica gels and amido groups of fluorinated oligomers. We have also succeeded in preparing new fluorinated polymer hybrids by the use of fluoroalkyl end‐capped N,N ‐dimethylacrylamide co‐oligomer‐containing silsesquioxane segments. Thermal stability of a variety of fluoroalkyl end‐capped oligomers/silica gel polymer hybrids thus obtained was found to increase significantly compared to those of the parent fluoroalkyl end‐capped oligomers. In addition, in these fluorinated oligomers/silica gel polymer hybrids, their sol solutions are applicable to the surface modification of glass to exhibit not only a strong oleophobicity imparted by fluorine but also a good hydrophilicity on the glass surface. Therefore, these fluorinated oligomers/silica gel polymer hybrids are suggested to have high potential for new functional materials through their unique properties imparted by not only fluorine but also by the hybrid counterparts. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 169–177, 2005
The Reduction of Azides with Borohydride Supported on an Ion Exchange Resin (1990)

Abstract Borohydride supported on an ion exchange resin in methanol reduced aryl azides and arylsulfonyl azides to the corresponding aromatic amines and aryl sulfonamides in excellent yields. The isolation of pure products by simple filtration and evaporation is an important feature of this method.
The bHLH Gene<i>Hes1</i>as a Repressor of the Neuronal Commitment of CNS Stem Cells (2000)

Hes1 is one of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors that regulate mammalian CNS development, and its loss- and gain-of-function phenotypes indicate that it negatively regulates neuronal differentiation. Here we report that Hes1(-/-) mice expressed both early (TuJ1 and Hu) and late (MAP2 and Neurofilament) neuronal markers prematurely, and that there were approximately twice the normal number of neurons in the Hes1(-/-) brain during early neural development. However, immunochemical analyses of sections and dissociated cells using neural progenitor markers, including nestin, failed to detect any changes in Hes1(-/-) progenitor population. Therefore, further characterization of neural progenitor cells that discriminated between multipotent and monopotent cells was performed using two culture methods, low-density culture, and a neurosphere assay. We demonstrate that the self-renewal activity of multipotent progenitor cells was reduced in the Hes1(-/-) brain, and that their subsequent commitment to the neuronal lineage was accelerated. The Hes1(-/-) neuronal progenitor cells were functionally abnormal, in that they divided, on average, only once, and then generated two neurons, (instead of one progenitor cell and one neuron), whereas wild-type progenitor cells divided more. In addition, some Hes1(-/-) progenitors followed an apoptotic fate. The overproduction of neurons in the early Hes1(-/-) brains may reflect this premature and immediate generation of neurons as well as a net increase in the number of neuronal progenitor cells. Taken together, we conclude that Hes1 is important for maintaining the self-renewing ability of progenitors and for repressing the commitment of multipotent progenitor cells to a neuronal fate, which is critical for the correct number of neurons to be produced and for the establishment of normal neuronal function.
Rose Bengal mediated inhibition of DNA polymerases. 2. Mechanism of inhibition of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase under photooxidative conditions (1983)

DNA polymerases from prokaryotic, eukaryotic, and oncornaviral sources are irreversibly inactivated upon exposure to Rose Bengal in the presence of light (photooxidation conditions). Inactivation of these enzymes under dark (nonoxidative) conditions is totally reversible [Srivastava, S. K., & Modak, M. J. (1982) Biochemistry 21, 4633-4639]. The primary effect of photooxidation on the enzyme-Rose Bengal complex was found to be the loss of template-primer binding ability within 5 min of exposure to light. The presence of template-primer but not the substrate deoxynucleotides consistently provided partial protection against Rose Bengal mediated photooxidative inactivation. Preformed enzyme-template-primer complexes were not dissociated by Rose Bengal under these conditions. However, prolonged exposure (25-30 min) of this complex to light in the presence of Rose Bengal led to complete inactivation of catalytic activity without affecting the ability of enzyme to bind to template-primer. These results clearly indicate that oxidative inactivation of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase in the presence of Rose Bengal involves a domain within the enzyme that contains the template-primer binding site as well as an additional site which is required for the expression of both the polymerization and nuclease activities of the reverse transcriptase.
Proteasome-mediated degradation of IκBα and processing of p105 in Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis (2006)

Enhanced NF-kappaB activity is involved in the pathology of both forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Here we analyzed the mechanism of proteasome-mediated NF-kappaB activation in CD and UC. Our studies demonstrate that the subunit composition and the proteolytic function of proteasomes differ between UC and CD. High expression of the immunoproteasome subunits beta1i and beta2i is characteristic of the inflamed mucosa of CD. In line with this, we found enhanced processing of NF-kappaB precursor p105 and degradation of inhibitor of NF-kappaB, IkappaBalpha, by immunoproteasomes isolated from the mucosa of CD patients. In comparison with healthy controls and CD patients, UC patients exhibited an intermediate phenotype regarding the proteasome-mediated processing/degradation of NF-kappaB components. Finally, increased expression of the NF-kappaB family member c-Rel in the inflamed mucosa of CD patients suggests that p50/c-Rel is important for IFN-gamma-mediated induction of immunoproteasomes via IL-12-driven Th1 responses. These findings suggest that distinct proteasome subunits influence the intensity of NF-kappaB-mediated inflammation in IBD patients.
Organocations in Zeolite Synthesis:  Fused Bicyclo [<i>l</i>.<i>m</i>.0] Cations and the Discovery of Zeolite SSZ-48 (2002)

A set of zeolite synthesis experiments is described where lattice substitution is varied in the context of the structure of particular structure-directing organocations (at times referred to as templates). In this particular series, the organocations are constructed as members of a fused bicyclo organonitrogen class of compounds, described as having ring construction [l.m.n], where n = 0. We show that these compounds can best be achieved from starting cyclic ketones that are converted to imines via a Beckman rearrangement reaction. A particular approach to the Beckmann reaction works best in our hands. In some instances isomeric organocations are made and separated. Often their use in zeolite synthesis led to different products. There is a high correlation for the space-filling details of the guest organocations and the type of crystalline host lattice developed in the synthesis. In one instance involving isomers of a decahydroquinoline derivative, a new zeolite, SSZ-48, is discovered and contains only one of the isomers. Characterization of the isomers and their use in the zeolites is followed by (13)C MAS NMR analyses. Some details of the new zeolite are given and it is shown that a reasonable symmetry operation predicting a 14-ring zeolite could be generated under similar conditions to SSZ-48 (a 12-ring zeolite).
Detection of factor IX antibodies by radioimmunoassay: effect of calcium on antibody-factor IX interaction (1980)

A radioimmunoassay for alloantibodies (inhibitors) and heteroantibodies to human factor IX has been developed using radioiodinated human factor IX and formalin-fixed, heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus cells (Staph A). Staph A was used as a solid-phase adsorbent for immune complexes. The assay is specific, shows excellent correlation with factor IX coagulant neutralization assays in detecting alloantibodies (r = 0.98), and is 60 times more sensitive. The Staph A method allows rapid separation of immune complexes (within 10 min of addition) and binds immunoglobulin with equivalent efficiency in the presence and absence of calcium. These characteristics have made the Staph A binding method useful for observing the Ca++ effect on the antigenicity of factor IX as detected by hetero- and alloantibodies. All antisera investigated showed some increase in antibody titer when measured in the presence of Ca++. One particular alloantibody showed the greatest increase in titer (> twofold). The reversibility of the calcium effect by excess EDTA indicates that it was not caused by Ca++-dependent proteolysis of the factor IX molecule. The Staph A procedure can also be used as a sensitive competitive radioimmunoassay for human factor IX using alloantibody. The assay could detect factor IX antigen to a dilution of 1:1280 of normal plasma and correctly classified hemophilia B plasmas as cross-reacting material positive or negative.
A hybrid communication topology for modular multilevel converter (2018)

Modular multilevel converter with large number of modules is a potential topology for many applications such as high-voltage DC (HVDC) and solid state transformers (SST). However, the communication between the controller and the modules becomes complex if the number of modules is high. If conventional star topology communication where the controller has direct connection to all the modules is used, the wiring can be cumbersome and the cost can be high. Another possible solution is ring topology communication. Because the modules are connected in series and each module imposes some delay, ring topology has a limited communication speed. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid communication topology to combine star and ring topology. The proposed communication topology reduces the cycle time by 30% compared to ring topology for MMC with 30 modules while increases negligible cost.
Passive Split Ring Resonator for Continuous Physiological Sensing Through Conductivity Measurements (2013)

The Split Ring Resonator (SRR) has been developed and explored for a number of sensing technologies and devices. A SRR can be equivalently regarded as an LC circuit; changes in the dielectric environment will change the equivalent capacitance of the resonator, resulting in a shift of the resonant frequency as well as the quality factor (Q-factor).This makes the device a promising application for continuous personal health monitoring throughout the day. In this work, we are developing a passive radio frequency sensor based on ring resonator designs. The targeted frequency band is within 2.4–2.5GHz ISM (Industrial-Scientific-Medical radio band) and is available for medical devices. The resonator structure is first simulated using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method by CST Microwave Studio to determine the resonant frequency. Then for the experimental study, a microstrip transmission line with a double split ring resonator (DSRR) was fabricated on a printed circuit board (PCB) with biocompatible PVC coating on top. Tuning the thickness and material of the biocompatible coating can further improve the biocompatibility, Q-factor, and resulting sensitivity (mS) of the device. Reflection spectrum (S11) is measured using a network analyzer at 100 mW. The current design senses changes in conductivity down to 0.5 mS. By reducing coating thickness, reducing the spacing between resonators, and with more efficient resonator designs we expect to further improve this sensitivity. This sensor could be utilized by either implanted into the interstitial layer beneath the skin or embedded into a contact lens to sense tear salinity levels.
In silico identification and comparative analysis of differentially expressed genes in human and mouse tissues (2006)

Comprehensive statistics on the tissue-specific expression of human and mouse genes were obtained in this very large-scale, EST-based analysis. These statistical results have been organized into a database, freely accessible at our website http://gln.ibms.sinica.edu.tw/product/HMDEG/EST/index.php, for easy searching of human and mouse tissue-specific genes and for investigating gene expression profiles in the context of comparative genomics. Comparative analysis showed that, although highly tissue-specific genes tend to exhibit similar expression profiles in human and mouse, there are significant exceptions, indicating that orthologous genes, while sharing basic genomic properties, could result in distinct phenotypes.
Machine vision algorithms and applications (2008)

This first up-to-date textbook for machine vision software provides all the details on the theory and practical use of the relevant algorithms.

The first part covers image acquisition, including illumination, lenses, cameras, frame grabbers, and bus systems, while the second deals with the algorithms themselves. This includes data structures, image enhancement and transformations, segmentation, feature extraction, morphology, template matching, stereo reconstruction, and camera calibration. The final part concentrates on applications, and features real-world examples, example code with HALCON, and further exercises.

Uniting the latest research results with an industrial approach, this textbook is ideal for students of electrical engineering, physics and informatics, electrical and mechanical engineers, as well as those working in the sensor, automation and optical industries.

Free software available with registration code
Raman spectroscopy of optical phonon confinement in nanostructured materials (2007)

Abstract If the medium surrounding a nano‐grain does not support the vibrational wavenumbers of a material, the optical and acoustic phonons get confined within the grain of the nanostructured material. This leads to interesting changes in the vibrational spectrum of the nanostructured material as compared to that of the bulk. Absence of periodicity beyond the particle dimension relaxes the zone‐centre optical phonon selection rule, causing the Raman spectrum to have contributions also from phonons away from the Brillouin‐zone centre. Theoretical models and calculations suggest that the confinement results in asymmetric broadening and shift of the optical phonon Raman line, the magnitude of which depends on the widths of the corresponding phonon dispersion curves. This has been confirmed for zinc oxide nanoparticles. Microscopic lattice dynamical calculations of the phonon amplitude and Raman spectra using the bond‐polarizability model suggest a power‐law dependence of the peak‐shift on the particle size. This article reviews recent results on the Raman spectroscopic investigations of optical phonon confinement in several nanocrystalline semiconductor and ceramic/dielectric materials, including those in selenium, cadmium sulphide, zinc oxide, thorium oxide, and nano‐diamond. Resonance Raman scattering from confined optical phonons is also discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved C-Fuzzy Decision Tree for Intrusion (2008)

As the number of networked computers grows, intrusion detection is an essential component in keeping networks secure. Various approaches for intrusion detection are currently being in use with each one has its own merits and demerits. This paper presents our work to test and improve the performance of a new class of decision tree c-fuzzy decision tree to detect intrusion. The work also includes identifying best candidate feature sub set to build the efficient c-fuzzy decision tree based Intrusion Detection System (IDS). We investigated the usefulness of c-fuzzy decision tree for developing IDS with a data partition based on horizontal fragmentation. Empirical results indicate the usefulness of our approach in developing the efficient IDS. Keywords—Data mining, Decision tree, Feature selection, Fuzzy c- means clustering, Intrusion detection.
NADH oxidation and NAD<sup>+</sup> reduction catalysed by tightly coupled inside‐out vesicles from <i>Paracoccus denitrificans</i> (2002)

Tightly coupled inside-out vesicles were prepared from Paracoccus denitrificans cells (SPP, sub-Paracoccus particles) and characterized kinetically. The rate of NADH oxidation, catalysed by SPP, increases 6-8 times on addition of gramicidin. The vesicles are capable of catalysing Delta micro H+-dependent reverse electron transfer from quinol to NAD+. The kinetic parameters of the NADH-oxidase and the reverse electron transfer carried out by membrane-bound P. denitrificans complex I were estimated and compared with those of the mitochondrial enzyme. The data demonstrate that catalytic properties of the dinucleotide-binding site of the bacterial and mitochondrial complex I are almost identical, pointing out similar organization of the site in mammals and P. denitrificans. Inhibition of the bacterial complex I by a specific inhibitor of Q reduction, rotenone, is very different from that of the mitochondrial enzyme. The inhibitor is capable of suppressing the NADH oxidation reaction only at micromolar concentrations, while the activity of mitochondrial enzyme is suppressed by nanomolar concentrations of rotenone. In contrast to the mitochondrial enzyme, rotenone, even at concentrations as high as 10 micro m, does not inhibit the reverse, Delta micro H+-dependent NAD+-reductase reaction on SPP.
Implementation of an FDTrS/DF signal detector for high-density DVD systems (2000)

In this paper, a signal detection technique, called a fixed-delay trellis search with decision feedback (FDTrS/DF), is proposed for high-density DVD systems and implemented with FPGA and ASIC chips. The proposed FDTrS/DF always performs better than the signal detection techniques based on tree search structure such as the fixed-delay tree search with decision feedback (FDTS/DF) and the signal space detection with decision feedback (SSD/DF). Also, the FDTrS/DF can reduce hardware complexity significantly due to the unique structure of FDTrS composed of only one trellis stage, requiring no traceback procedure. The hardware complexity of the proposed FDTrS/DF is further reduced by employing the criterion of the absolute branch metric (instead of square branch metric) and applying a pipelining technique. It is shown by simulation and implementation results that the proposed FDTrS/DF provides the best performance among various signal detection techniques such as PRML, DFE, FDTS/DE and SSD/DF, even with a small hardware complexity.
A closed-form formula for RSSI-based DoA estimation with Switched Beam Antennas (2015)

In this paper we present a novel Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimator for Switched Beam Antennas (SBA). The proposed approach is based on the best analytic approximation of the power pattern ratio between adjacent beams. Under quite general assumptions, the proposed approach resolves to the solution of a quadratic equation. Compared to conventional estimators, the precision of the proposed approach is competitive, permitting a cost-effective solution for low complexity implementation. Computer simulations and experimental verifications in a anechoic setup confirm the proposed approach when operating with a circular polarized SBA and the received signal strength data collected with a low-cost commercial transceiver. A mean error of 1.1° with a standard deviation of 1.6° is experimentally observed when the SBA communicates with a co-polarized target at the range of 2 meters. Only 5% of the observation angle is affected by an error exceeding 5°.