gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermo-Responsive Porous Membranes of Controllable Porous Morphology from Triblock Copolymers of Polycaprolactone and Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) Prepared by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (2007)

Stimuli-responsive polymers are of crucial importance in the design of smart biomaterials. The thermo-responsive triblock copolymers of polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) (P(NIPAAm)), or P(NIPAAm)- b-PCL- b- P(NIPAAm) copolymers, were synthesized in this work via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The P(NIPAAm)- b-PCL- b-P(NIPAAm) copolymers were cast by phase inversion in water into porous membranes with well-defined and uniformly distributed pores. The P(NIPAAm) content in the P(NIPAAm)- b-PCL- b- P(NIPAAm) copolymers and the temperature of the aqueous medium for phase inversion could be used to control the pore size and porosity of the membranes. The thermo-responsive characteristics of the membranes were illustrated in the controlled water uptake and temperature-dependent glucose transport through the membranes. These temperature-sensitive membranes with controllable morphology have potential applications in biomedical engineering, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.
Disrupted 24-hour Patterns of Cortisol Secretion in Psychotic Depression (1973)

Plasma cortisol was analyzed every 20 minutes for 24 hours in six psychotically depressed patients and eight normal persons. The depressives, while ill, secreted substantially more cortisol, had more secretory episodes, and more minutes of active secretion; throughout day and night, cortisol concentration was markedly elevated both at the beginning and end of secretory episodes, and cortisol was actively secreted during late evening and early morning hours when normally secretion is minimal. After treatment, the patients' secretory patterns normalized. Biological half life of cortisol remained normal throughout. The data suggest an abnormal disinhibition during depressive illness of the neuroendocrine centers regulating adrenocorticotrophic hormone release. Such neuroendocrine activation has been produced in animals following depletion of brain biogenic amines; a similar mechanism may be involved in the hypersecretion of cortisol in certain depressed patients.
Pause and Harmonize: Issues on the Dodd-Frank Act and its Cross-Border Applications, 3 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 89 (2015) (2015)

The 2008 financial crisis was a rude awakening for global financial regulators. The lack of transparency and regulation of the derivatives market was a major contributing factor to the global economic recession. As a response, world leaders pledged to bring economic and regulatory reform to their respective nations. In order to meet these goals, the United States proposed the Dodd-Frank Act and, in 2010, the Act was signed into law by President Obama. One of the purposes of Dodd-Frank is to allow financial regulators to police all derivative contracts that may affect the United States; unfortunately, the extraterritorial reach of Dodd-Frank was not well received by many foreign regulators. The Dodd-Frank Act was passed without the United States harmonizing its new regulations with other jurisdictions, resulting in regulatory fragmentation and leading to increased compliance burdens for derivative traders. The differences among each jurisdiction’s laws and a lack of harmonization between each jurisdiction could lead to regulatory arbitrage. This Article proposes a pause to the cross-border application of the Dodd-Frank Act until harmonization has been reached.
Impacts of farming practice within organic farming systems on below-ground ecology and ecosystem function (2006)

Maintaining ecosystem function is a key issue for sustainable farming systems which contribute broadly to global ecosystem health. A focus simply on the diversity of belowground organisms is not sufficient and there is a need to consider the contribution of below-ground biological processes to the maintenance and enhancement of soil function and ecosystem services. A critical literature review on the impacts of land management practices on below-ground ecology and function shows that farm management practices can have a major impact. A particular challenge for organic farming systems is to explore to what extent reduced tillage can be adopted to the benefit of below-ground ecology without critically upsetting the whole farm management balance.
An 8-Year Follow-up of 450 Sons of Alcoholic and Control Subjects (1996)

In this sample of moderately functional white men, the development of alcoholism occurred in relationship to an FH of alcoholism, but alcohol abuse or dependence was unrelated to prior psychiatric disorders. For this group, LR at the age of 20 years was associated with future alcoholism in a manner that was independent of the drinking practices at the time of the original study. At least among those men with clearly high and low LR scores, these data are consistent with the conclusion that LR might be a mediator of the alcoholism risk.
Treatment with antioxidant and other nutrients in combination with chemotherapy and irradiation in patients with small-cell lung cancer. (1992)

Eighteen non-randomized patients with small cell lung cancer (4 women and 14 men, mean age 60.4, SD 7.8 years) received in addition to conservation small cell lung cancer treatment antioxidant treatment with vitamins, trace elements and fatty acids. All patients were out-patients who, except for one were also treated with chemotherapy and/or irradiation at regular intervals at a university of central hospital. Five patients (28%) were in an advanced stage of the disease. At the end of the follow-up period (31.7.90) the median survival time for the whole group was 505 days. Fourteen (77%) of the patients survived for more than 12 months and six patients (33%) for more than two years. One patient (5%) survived more than five years. Eight patients (44%) were still alive with a mean survival time of 32 months at the end of the study. Ten patients succumbed earlier from progression of the disease. Antioxidant treatment, in combination with chemotherapy and irradiation, prolonged the survival time of patients with small cell lung cancer compared to most published combination treatment regimens alone. We also noticed that the patients receiving antioxidants were able to tolerate chemotherapy and radiation treatment well. Surviving patients started antioxidant treatment in general earlier than those who succumbed.
Beam Signal Processing for the Fermilab Longitudinal and Transverse Beam Damping Systems (1975)

A beam signal processor is used to secure the position of each charged bunch in the Fermilab main synchrotron. The signal processor operates at 317 MHz, 6 times the fundamental beam component and utilizes an amplitude-to-phase converter/hard limiter combination to obtain a normalized position signal. The normalization process is complete in less than 10 ns and is effective over a 23 dB intensity range. The methods used to sample and process the 2 ns beam signal are discussed and the principle parameters of the device listed. The processor outputs the derived position data to elements in a closed-loop beam damping system.
Magnetoelectric sensor excitations in hexaferrite films (2015)

We developed techniques for H- and E-field sensors utilizing single phase magnetoelectric (ME) hexaferrite thin films in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 10 MHz. The technique incorporating solenoid coils and multi-capacitors bank was developed to probe the physics and properties of ME hexaferrite film and explore ME effects for sensor detections and tunable device applications. For H-field sensing, we obtained sensitivity of 4 × 10−4 V/Gm and for E-field sensing the sensitivity was 10−3 Gm/V. Tunability of up to 6% was achieved for tunable inductor applications. The proposed fabrication designs lend themselves to significant (∼106) improvements in sensitivity and tunability.
An improved method for the automatic mapping of computed tomography numbers onto finite element models (2003)

The assignment of bone tissue material properties is a fundamental step in the generation of subject-specific finite element models from computed tomography data. Aim of the present work is to investigate the influence of the material mapping algorithm on the results predicted by the finite element analysis. Two models, a coarse and a refined one, of a human ileum, femur and tibia, were generated from CT data and used for the tests. In addition a convergence analysis was carried out for the femur model, using six refinement levels, to verify whether the inclusion of the material properties would significantly alter the convergence behaviour of the mesh. The results showed that the choice of the mapping algorithm influences the material distribution. However, this did not always propagate into the finite element results. The difference between the maximum Von Mises stress remained always lower than 10%, apart one case when it reached the 13%. However, the global behaviour of the meshes showed more marked differences between the two algorithms: in the finer meshes of the two long bones 20-30% of the bone volume showed differences in the predicted Von Mises stresses greater than 10%. The convergence behaviour of the model was not worsened by the introduction of inhomogeneous material properties. The software was made available in the public domain.
Learning to Remember More with Less Memorization (2019)

\n\t\t\t\t\t&copy; 7th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2019. All Rights Reserved. Memory-augmented neural networks consisting of a neural controller and an external memory have shown potentials in long-term sequential learning. Current RAM-like memory models maintain memory accessing every timesteps, thus they do not effectively leverage the short-term memory held in the controller. We hypothesize that this scheme of writing is suboptimal in memory utilization and introduces redundant computation. To validate our hypothesis, we derive a theoretical bound on the amount of information stored in a RAM-like system and formulate an optimization problem that maximizes the bound. The proposed solution dubbed Uniform Writing is proved to be optimal under the assumption of equal timestep contributions. To relax this assumption, we introduce modifications to the original solution, resulting in a solution termed Cached Uniform Writing. This method aims to balance between maximizing memorization and forgetting via overwriting mechanisms. Through an extensive set of experiments, we empirically demonstrate the advantages of our solutions over other recurrent architectures, claiming the state-of-the-arts in various sequential modeling tasks.\n\t\t\t\t
HUMAN SERUM MELATONIN CHANGES DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE (1976)

Serum melatonin concentration in early morning during the menstrual cycle, studied in five healthy women, showed that melatonin was elevated at the time of menstrual bleeding and had its nadir at the time of the menstrual cycling in humans.
Evaluation of a simple and effective music information retrieval method (2000)

We developed, and then evaluated, a music information retrieval (MIR) system based upon the intervals found within the melodies of a collection of 9354 folksongs. The songs were converted to an interval-only representation of monophonic melodies and then fragmented t into length-n subsections called n-grams. The length of these n-grams and the degree to which we precisely represent the intervals are variables analyzed in this paper. We constructed a collection of “musical word” databases using the text-based, SMART information retrieval system. A group of simulated queries, some of which contained simulated errors, was run against these databases. The results were evaluated using the normalized precision and normalized recall measures. Our concept of “musical words” shows great merit thus implying that useful MIR systems can be constructed simply and efficiently using pre-existing text-based information retrieval software. Second, this study is a formal and comprehensive evaluation of a MIR system using rigorous statistical analyses to determine retrieval effectiveness.
TREMOR DISORDERS (2004)

Account Register Activate Subscription Help Subscribe American Academy of Neurology Login Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Journal logo Issues Current IssueBack Issues CollectionsMedia Continuum AudioVideo Gallery CMEAbout About ContinuumAbout Continuum AudioSubscription Details and AccessEditorial BoardEditorial and Publishing ContactsInformation for AuthorsAAN/WFN Continuum EducationAbout AANRights and PermissionsReprints
A Simple Postcorrection for Nonrestoring Division (1971)

The nonrestoring division algorithm offers the advantages of speed and logical simplicity when working with signed, two's-complement binary numbers. The algorithm does not assure sign agreement between the calculated quotient and remainder, however, which is a disadvantage in some applications. This paper describes a postcorrection that will force sign agreement between quotient and remainder. The corrective operation is very simple to implement, especially in microprogrammed arithmetic units.
Chiral Xyliphos Complexes for the Catalytic Imine Hydrogenation Leading to the Metolachlor Herbicide: Isolation of Catalyst–Substrate Adducts (2003)

Abstract Iridium complexes relevant to the catalytic enantioselective hydrogenation of 2‐methyl‐6‐ethylphenyl‐1′‐methyl‐2′‐methoxyethylimine (MEA‐imine, 1 ) in the Syngenta Metolachlor ( 3 ) process were prepared and characterized. Reaction of the diphosphane ( S )‐1‐[( R )‐2‐(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocenyl]ethyldi(3,5‐xylyl)phosphane (( S )‐( R )‐Xyliphos, ( S )‐( R )‐ 4 ) with [Ir 2 (μ‐Cl) 2 (cod) 2 ] (cod=1,5‐cyclooctadiene) afforded [Ir(Cl)(cod){( S )‐( R )‐ 4 }] ( 7 ), which reacted with AgBF 4 to form [Ir(cod){( S )‐( R )‐ 4 }]BF 4 ( 8 ). Complexes 7 and 8 reacted with iodide to yield [Ir(I ) (cod){( S )‐( R )‐ 4 }] ( 9 ). When 9 was treated with one and two equivalents of HBF 4 , two isomers of the cationic Ir III iodo hydrido complex [Ir(I)(H)(cod){( S )‐( R )‐ 4 }]BF 4 were isolated ( 10 and 11 , respectively). Complex 9 was oxidized with one equivalent of I 2 to give the iodo‐bridged dinuclear species [Ir 2 I 2 (μ‐I) 3 {( S )‐( R )‐ 4 } 2 )]I ( 12 ). [Ir 2 (μ‐Cl) 2 (coe) 4 ] (coe=cyclooctene) reacted with ( S )‐( R )‐ 4 to yield the chloro‐bridged dinuclear complex [Ir 2 (μ‐Cl) 2 {( S )‐( R )‐ 4 } 2 ] ( 13 ). Complexes 7 – 12 were structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and tested as single‐component catalyst precursors for enantioselective hydrogenation of MEA‐imine. Complex 10 and dinuclear complex 12 gave the best catalytic results. Efforts were also directed at isolating substrate– or product–catalyst adducts: Treatment of 8 with 2,6‐dimethylphenyl‐1′‐methyl‐2′‐methoxyethylimine (DMA‐imine, 14 , a model for 1 ) under H 2 allowed four isomers of [Ir(H) 2 {( S )‐( R )‐ 4 }( 14 )]BF 4 ( 18 – 21 ) to be isolated. These analytically pure isomers were fully characterized by 2D NMR techniques. X‐ray structural analysis of an Ir I –imine adduct, namely, [Ir(C 2 H 4 ) 2 ( 14 )]BF 4 ( 25 ), which was prepared by reacting [IrCl(C 2 H 4 ) 4 ] with [Ag( 14 ) 2 ]BF 4 ( 16 ), confirmed the κ 2 coordination mode of imine 14 .
Computer-aided interpretation of medical images (2007)

This paper presents the current limitations and challenges of computer-aided interpretation of radiological examinations. The analysis and the proposed improvements in interpretation arose from our...
Longitudinal studies of time‐dependent changes in both bladder and erectile function after streptozotocin‐induced diabetes in Fischer 344 male rats (2009)

The results of this extensive long-term study show early and profound effects of hyperglycaemia on the smooth muscle of the penis and bladder, that were persistent and stable in surviving rats over the 8 months. The physiological changes did not correlate well with neurological measurements of those organs. Significantly, diverse smooth-muscle cellular and subcellular events antedated the measured neurological manifestations of the hyperglycaemia by several months. Although autonomic diabetic neuropathy is a primary life-threatening complication of long-term diabetes in humans, this rat model of STZ-induced diabetes showed that the rapid onset of physiological manifestations was based on many molecular changes in the smooth muscle cells in this model of type 1 DM.
Local Complement C3 Expression is Upregulated in Humoral and Cellular Rejection of Renal Allografts (2005)

Evidence on the role of the complement system in transplantation pathology has been accelerated by the discovery of C4d as an in situ marker of antibody-mediated rejection. However, a local or systemic source of complement expression during acute rejection is under discussion. Thus, we quantitatively analyzed local RNA expression of complement component C3 as a pivotal molecule in active humoral and cellular rejection of renal allografts. After laser microdissection, real-time RT-PCR was performed for C3 using RNA extracted from tubuli and glomeruli of 68 paraffin-embedded renal allograft biopsies. Protocol and indication biopsies with signs of humoral and/or cellular rejection were investigated. Quantitative expression analysis of cytokines (IFN gamma, MCP-1, IL2, IL8) potentially influencing local C3 expression was performed. We observed a significant increase in median expression level of C3 mRNA in tubuli of C4d-positive indication biopsies, and in tubuli from indication biopsies with signs of T-cell-mediated cellular rejection. Highest expression levels were found in C4d-positive indication biopsies with signs of cellular rejection. Biopsies with upregulated C3 showed increased IFN gamma expression, suggesting allograft-infiltrating T-cells as potential stimulus for local C3 expression. Therefore, locally synthesized complement component C3 contributes to both humoral and cellular rejection, with tubular epithelial cells being a major source.
Evaluating Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Capabilites of Ontology Specification Languages (2000)

The interchange of ontologies across the World Wide Web (WWW) and the cooperation among heterogeneous agents placed on it is the main reason for the development of a new set of ontology specification languages, based on new web standards such as XML or RDF. These languages (SHOE, XOL, RDF, OIL, etc) aim to represent the knowledge contained in an ontology in a simple and human-readable way, as well as allow for the interchange of ontologies across the web. In this paper, we establish a common framework to compare the expressiveness of "traditional" ontology languages (Ontolingua, OKBC, OCML, FLogic, LOOM) and "web-based" ontology languages. As a result of this study, we conclude that different needs in KR and reasoning may exist in the building of an ontology-based application, and these needs must be evaluated in order to choose the most suitable ontology language(s).
Biaxial cyclic high-strain fatigue of aluminum alloy RR58 (1973)

Abstract In the régime of biaxial high-strain fatigue there is a scarcity of data and consequently of information regarding methods of predicting such behaviour from simpler uniaxial tests. An investigation was carried out on the aluminum alloy RR58 in the form of cylindrical specimens subjected to axial tensile/compressive load and internal/external pressures at room temperature and 140°C. Additional tests were also conducted in separate cyclic torsion and uniaxial machines. The results in the range 100–5000 c indicated that the biaxial strain ratio 1/1 was the most severe case, the effect being less severe as the ratio changed to 1/-1. Of the correlation techniques examined the most successful was a von Mises strain function using the concept of a equivalent Poisson's ratio; the method of maximum shear strain showed promise. Comparative tests on the different cyclic test rigs on the same batch of material indicated the need for care when such aspects as specimen shape and definition of failure are considered, as well as the more obvious effects of material variation and anisotropy.
전인치유를 위한 내적치유에 대한 목회상담학적 고찰 (2006)

본 연구는 근본 취지는 내적치유란 용어의 성경적 의미를 개혁주의적 관점에서 다시 한번 되새겨 보고 그에 따른 내적치유의 성경적 전제와 원리들을 세워보고자 하는데 있다. 일반적으로, 아니 심지어 목회상담분야에서 조차 ‘내적치유’는 ‘상처난 감정의 치유’나 ‘부정적 기억의 치유’와 유사한 의미로 사용되어져 온 경우가 많이 있었다. 그러나 그러한 개념들은 근본적으로 심리학적인 인간이해에 그 뿌리를 두고 있는 것이라 할 수 있다. 개혁주의 관점에서의 인간 이해를 바탕으로 한다면, 내적치유는 반드시 전인치유라는 총체적 흐름 속에 이해되어져야 한다. 왜냐하면, 성경에서는 인간을 하나의 전인으로 (다시 말해, 비록 영적인, 혼적인, 육체적인, 혹은 지적인, 정서적인, 의지적인 다양한 차원으로 구성되어 있지만, 그 각 요소들이 너무나 긴밀하게 유기적으로 연결되어 있어서 실체론적인 수준에서는 결코 분리 될 수 없는) 보기 때문이다. 우리는 인간의 정서적 차원이나 심리적 차원만을 따로 떼 내어 다룰 수 없으며, 목회상담적 내적치유는 전인치유의 가장 중심적인 핵심과정으로 이해되어져야 한다. 전인치유가 전인으로서의 인간을 비롯한, 사회, 문화, 환경적 차원 모두를 총체적으로 다루는 반면, 목회상담적 내적치유는 전체적인 전인치유적 과정의 흐름 속에서도 오직 전인으로서의 한 인간의 치유와 회복에 보다 집중한다. 따라서, 목회상담적 내적치유 사역자들은 복음과 말씀과 성령의 역사와 능력을 통해 나타나는 하나님의 은혜와 긍휼한 사랑의 돌보심이 한 전인으로서의 피상담자의 상처난 마음을 비롯한 영적인, 혼적인, 육체적인, 혹은 지적인, 정서적인, 의지적인 다양한 차원의 문제들을 어루만지고, 치유하도록 하는데 초점을 두어야 한다. 이를 통해, 궁극적으로 피상담자가 극심한 고난과 위기 상황에서 조차도 은혜와 긍휼의 주님을 의지함으로 그 모든 고난을 헤쳐 갈 수 있는 성숙한 신앙인격으로 변화해 나가도록 도와야 할 것이다.
Introduction to the theory of nonparametric statistics (1979)

Distribution-Free Statistics. Power Functions and Their Properties. Asymptotic Relative Efficiency of Tests. Confidence Intervals and Bounds. Point Estimation. Linear Rank Statistics Under the Null Hypothesis. Two-Sample Location and Scale Problems. The One-Sample Location Problem. Additional Methods for Constructing Distribution-Free Procedures. Other Important Problems. Appendix. Index.
Identification of genes targeted by microRNAs (2008)

miRNAs (microRNAs) are recently discovered regulators of gene expression. They target mRNAs that contain partially complementary sites to the miRNA. The level of complementarity is different between target site-miRNA pairs, and finding target genes has proved to be a bigger challenge than expected. The present paper reviews the different approaches to predict and experimentally identify genes targeted by miRNAs.
THE REACTIONS OF IODINE AND IODOACETAMIDE WITH NATIVE EGG ALBUMIN (1940)

The following experimental results have been obtained. 1. Native egg albumin treated with iodine and then denatured no longer gives a nitroprusside test or reduces dilute ferricyanide in neutral Duponol PC solution. 2. More iodine is needed to abolish the ferricyanide reduction if the reaction between native egg albumin and iodine is carried out at pH 6.8 than if the reaction is carried out at pH 3.2. At pH 6.8 iodine reacts with tyrosine as well as with cysteine. 3. Cysteine and tryptophane are the only amino acids with reducing groups which are known to react with dilute iodine at pH 3.2 The reducing power of cysteine is abolished by the reaction with iodine, whereas the reducing power of tryptophane remains intact. Pepsin and chymotrypsinogen which contain tryptophane but not cysteine, do not react at all with dilute iodine at pH 3.2. 4. Native egg albumin treated with iodoacetamide at pH 9.0 and then denatured by Duponol PC reduces only 60 per cent as much dilute ferricyanide as egg albumin which has not been treated with iodoacetamide. 5. The SH group is the only protein reducing group which is known to react with iodoacetamide. The simplest explanation of the new observation that the SH groups of egg albumin can be modified by reactions with the native form of the protein is that the native egg albumin has free and accessible but relatively unreactive SH groups which can react with iodine and iodoacetamide despite the fact that they do not react with ferricyanide, porphyrindin, or nitroprusside. Preliminary experiments suggested by the results with egg albumin indicate that the tobacco mosaic virus is modified by iodine at pH 2.8 without being inactivated and that the tobacco mosaic and rabbit papilloma viruses are not inactivated by iodoacetamide at pH 8.0.