gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New water soluble and handy silicon precursor for synthesis of (Y,Ce,Gd)<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>phosphor (2009)

We prepared a new stable and water-soluble silicon compound. The potential of this silicon reagent for synthesis of multicomponent oxide materials via a solution based method was demonstrated by preparation of a (Y0.79Ce0.01Gd0.20)2SiO5 blue emission phosphor using a polymerizable complex method. Phase composition and fluorescence properties of the prepared material were compared against a series of reference samples prepared by either conventional solid state reaction or by a polymerizable complex method employing fumed silica and TEOS as the traditional silicon reagents. The use of the new water-soluble silicon compound allowed for preparation of a single phase (Y,Ce,Gd)2SiO5 material at reduced temperatures and its fluorescence intensity was considerably higher compared to the phosphors of the same composition prepared by the other methods.
Isolation of high‐quality RNA from white spruce tissue using a three‐stage purification method and subsequent cloning of a transcript from the PR‐10 gene family (2003)

Isolation of PinmIII cDNA homologues from white spruce tissues required a rigorous RNA extraction protocol developed following assessment of three previously reported conifer RNA extraction protocols. Total RNA was extracted via several purification steps designed to minimize binding of phenolics to nucleic acids and was then subjected to caesium chloride ultra-centrifugation. This procedure produced consistently high-quality, intact RNA from both needles and roots with spectrophotometric ratios of approximately 2.0 for both 260/280 nm and 260/230 nm. Total RNA was obtained from the roots of cold-hardened white spruce seedlings for cDNA library construction. More than 2 million recombinant phage particles were generated from 5 microg of a poly(A)+RNA fraction, and ca. 1.3 million cDNA particles were amplified for storage. Approximately 500,000 primary recombinant clones were screened with an heterologous PinmIII cDNA sequence yielding a unique clone, picgl, that was very similar to members of the PR10 gene family.
Thermionic refrigeration (1994)

A refrigerator is described that is based upon thermionic emission. Room-temperature refrigeration is efficient when the work function of the anode is about 0.3–0.4 eV but those low values are unattainable. The refrigerator only operates at higher temperatures.
Physical and immunological characterization of a guanine nucleotide-binding protein purified from bovine cerebral cortex. (1985)

ADP-ribosylation by pertussis toxin has been used to identify the alpha subunit of Ni, the guanine nucleotide-binding protein which mediates hormone and GTP inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Two proteins have been purified from bovine cerebral cortex which are substrates for ADP-ribosylation by pertussis toxin, a 41-kDa protein (alpha 41) and a 39-kDa protein (alpha 39). The 41-kDa protein is very similar to the subunit of Ni purified from other tissues while the function of the 39-kDa protein is unknown (Neer, E. J., Lok, J. M., and Wolf, L. G. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 14222-14229; Sternweis, P. C., and Robishaw, J. D. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 13806-13813). We now show that the purified alpha 39 protein from bovine brain is a relatively hydrophilic protein which associates with a hydrophobic beta gamma component. The complex can be dissociated by guanosine 5'-(3-O-thio)triphosphate. The alpha 39 component binds guanosine 5'-(3-O-thio)triphosphate with a KD of 27 nM. We have developed polyclonal antibodies to alpha 39 and beta. The antibodies to alpha 39 cross-react weakly with alpha 41 in an immunoblot assay indicating some homology between the two proteins but making it unlikely that alpha 39 is derived from alpha 41. Using the antibodies for quantitation we found that alpha 39 is 0.5% and beta is 0.7% of membrane proteins. While the antibodies cross-react with alpha 39 and beta proteins in many different species, central nervous system tissues always have more immunoreactivity than membranes from peripheral organs. Anti-beta antibody recognizes the beta subunit when it is associated with alpha 39 or alpha 41 and can immunoprecipitate both alpha . beta gamma trimers. The guanine nucleotide-dependent dissociation of the alpha 39 . beta gamma trimer suggests that the complex could inhibit adenylate cyclase by liberating free beta gamma units. The function of alpha 39 may not, however, be exclusively to regulate adenylate cyclase but may include coupling hormone receptors to other effectors. Antibodies specific for alpha 39 and beta will be useful tools in determining the functions of alpha 39 and beta in hormone-responsive cells.
Extruded Cables for High-Voltage Direct-Current Transmission : Advances in Research and Development (2013)

The only book on the market that provides current, necessary, and comprehensive technical knowledge of extruded cables and high-voltage direct-current transmission This is the first book to fully address the technical aspects of high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) link projects with extruded cables. It covers design and engineering techniques for cable lines, insulation materials, and accessories, as well as cable performance and life span and reliability issues. Beginning with a discussion on the fundamentals of HVDC cable transmission theory, Extruded Cables for High-Voltage Direct-Current Transmission: Advances in Research and Development covers: Both the cable and the accessories (joints and terminations), each of which affects cable line performance The basic designs of HVDC cables-including a comparison of mass insulated non-draining cables with extruded HVDC cables The theoretical elements on which the design of HVDC cables is based-highlighting the differences between HVAC and HVDC cables Space charge-related problems that have a critical impact on extruded insulation for HVDC application Recent advances in extruded compounds for HVDC cables such as additives and nano-fillers The improved design of extruded HVDC cable systems-with emphasis on design aspects relevant to accessories Cable line reliability problems and the impact on cable system design Including more than 200 illustrations, Extruded Cables for High-Voltage Direct-Current Transmission fills a gap in the field, providing power cable engineers with complete, up-to-date guidance on HVDC cable lines with extruded insulation
Telegraph noise and the Fabry-Perot quantum Hall interferometer (2012)

We consider signatures of Abelian and non-Abelian quasiparticle statistics in quantum Hall Fabry-Perot interferometers. When quasiparticles enter and exit the interference cell, for instance due to glassy motion in the dopant layer, the anyonic phase can be observed in phase jumps. In the case of the non-Abelian $\ensuremath{\nu}=5/2$ state, if the interferometer is small, we argue that free Majoranas in the interference cell are either strongly coupled to one another or are strongly coupled to the edge. We analyze the expected phase jumps and in particular suggest that changes in the fermionic parity of the ground state should gives rise to characteristic jumps of $\ensuremath{\pi}$ in the interference phase.
An asymptotically zero power charge-recycling bus architecture for battery-operated ultrahigh data rate ULSI's (1995)

An asymptotically zero power charge recycling bus (CRB) architecture, featuring virtual stacking of the individual bus-capacitance into a series configuration between supply voltage and ground, has been proposed. This CRB architecture makes it possible to reduce not only each bus-swing but also a total equivalent bus-capacitance of the ultramultibit buses running in parallel. The voltage swing of each bus is given by the recycled charge-supplying from the upper adjacent bus capacitance, instead of the power line. The dramatical power reduction was verified by the simulated and measured data. According to these data, the ultrahigh data rate of 25.6 Gb/s can be achieved while maintaining the power dissipation to be less than 100 mW, which corresponds to less than 10% that of the previously reported 0.9 V suppressed bus-swing scheme, at V/sub cc/=3.6 V for the bus width of 512 b with the bus-capacitance of 14 pF per bit operating at 50 MHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Genetic Disorders of Vision Revealed by a Behavioral Screen of 400 Essential Loci in Zebrafish (1999)

We examined optokinetic and optomotor responses of 450 zebrafish mutants, which were isolated previously based on defects in organ formation, tissue patterning, pigmentation, axon guidance, or other visible phenotypes. These strains carry single point mutations in >400 essential loci. We asked which fraction of the mutants develop blindness or other types of impairments specific to the visual system. Twelve mutants failed to respond in either one or both of our assays. Subsequent histological and electroretinographic analysis revealed unique deficits at various stages of the visual pathway, including lens degeneration (bumper), melanin deficiency (sandy), lack of ganglion cells (lakritz), ipsilateral misrouting of axons (belladonna), optic-nerve disorganization (grumpy and sleepy), inner nuclear layer or outer plexiform layer malfunction (noir, dropje, and possibly steifftier), and disruption of retinotectal impulse activity (macho and blumenkohl). Surprisingly, mutants with abnormally large or small eyes or severe wiring defects frequently exhibit no discernible behavioral deficits. In addition, we identified 13 blind mutants that display outer-retina dystrophy, making this syndrome the single-most common cause of inherited blindness in zebrafish. Our screen showed that a significant fraction (approximately 5%) of the essential loci also participate in visual functions but did not reveal any systematic genetic linkage to particular morphological traits. The mutations uncovered by our behavioral assays provide distinct entry points for the study of visual pathways and set the stage for a genetic dissection of vertebrate vision.
Development of 3D endoscope for minimum invasive surgical system (2014)

One of the interesting surgery visualization that has helped the surgeon is in the field of endoscope. Endoscopic surgery is rapidly spreading in various areas since it is less invasive than conventional open surgery. Further, it helps the surgeon to have the internal view of the human body to identify and localize the damaged area. The recent and upgraded 3D endoscope enables the surgeon with depth perception and stereo vision. Stereo vision adaptability plays an important role in depth perception and is usually present in human beings and animals in predator's category. The estimation of depth provides an approximation of the distance of various objects in the scene from the miniature cameras. The paper presents an approach for generating an anaglyph view of the scene using two images generated by a stereo sensor. The algorithm runs in real time to generate a stereo video using two video streams from the sensors. The processed output is in 3D, which helps surgeon in estimating the depth of the internal organs.
QSAR models on H<sub>4</sub>receptor antagonists associated with inflammation and anaphylaxis (2016)

Histamine, an endogenous amine is implicated in hypersensitivity (allergic) responses, gastric acid secretion, neurotransmission, immuno-modulation, cell differentiation, and embryonic development. It exerts its effects via four histamine receptor subtypes, termed H<sub>1</sub> to H<sub>4</sub> receptors (H<sub>1</sub>R-H<sub>4</sub>R) belonging to the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors. The latest discovered histamine receptor, H<sub>4</sub>R, is implicated in the chemotaxis of several cell types and strongly associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Thus, we found interesting to analyze in terms of 2D-QSAR a number of H<sub>4</sub> antagonists in order to highlight the most important physicochemical properties implicated in their mechanism of action and in continuation to suggest structural modifications. The C-QSAR platform of Biobyte has been used in this study. The study reveals that lipophilicity, clog P (linear or bilinear model) as well as steric factors such as the overall molar refractivity (CMR), molar volume or the substitutents molar refractivity (linear) or the sterimol parameters B<sub>1</sub> and B<sub>5</sub> are important. Electronic effects appear only in one model. The study shows that log P as calculated from the C-QSAR program of Biobyte is suitable for this form of QSAR study.
Preface: Computational Systems-Biology and Bioinformatics (2012)

Systems biology and bioinformatics are widely recognized as the fields of biological science that have been developed very rapidly in this century. In these fields, there is a much-needed development of computational tools to deal with a monumental amount of genomic and post-genomic data, aiming at systems-level understanding in biology. The Third International Conference on Computational Systems-Biology and Bioinformatics (CSBio 2012) was organized to provide scientists and researchers in the area of computational systems biology and bioinformatics with a forum to share and exchange their knowledge and experiences. Besides, CSBio 2012 was the venue for all participants to survey the current status of development of research works on the application of computational systems biology and bioinformatics in the biotechnological fields: agriculture, energy and environment, as well as medicine. CSBio 2012 was co-organized by King Mongkut's University of Technology, Thonburi (KMUTT) and the National Center of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), and it was held on October 3-5, 2012, at the Centara Grand, Central Plaza Ladprao, Bangkok, Thailand.
Multiuser Detection of Sparsely Spread CDMA (2008)

Code-division multiple access (CDMA) is the basis of a family of advanced air interfaces in current and future generation networks. The benefits promised by CDMA have not been fully realized partly due to the prohibitive complexity of optimal detection and decoding of many users communicating simultaneously using the same frequency band. From both theoretical and practical perspectives, this paper advocates a new paradigm of CDMA with sparse spreading sequences, which enables near-optimal multiuser detection using belief propagation (BP) with low-complexity. The scheme is in part inspired by capacity-approaching low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and the success of iterative decoding techniques. Specifically, it is shown that BP-based detection is optimal in the large-system limit under many practical circumstances, which is a unique advantage of sparsely spread CDMA systems. Moreover, it is shown that, from the viewpoint of an individual user, the CDMA channel is asymptotically equivalent to a scalar Gaussian channel with some degradation in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The degradation factor, known as the multiuser efficiency, can be determined from a fixed-point equation. The results in this paper apply to a broad class of sparse, semi-regular CDMA systems with arbitrary input and power distribution. Numerical results support the theoretical findings for systems of moderate size, which further demonstrate the appeal of sparse spreading in practical applications.
Specification of ion transport cells in the<i>Xenopus</i>larval skin (2011)

Specialized epithelial cells in the amphibian skin play important roles in ion transport, but how they arise developmentally is largely unknown. Here we show that proton-secreting cells (PSCs) differentiate in the X. laevis larval skin soon after gastrulation, based on the expression of a `kidney-specific' form of the H(+)v-ATPase that localizes to the plasma membrane, orthologs of the Cl(-)/HCO(-)(3) antiporters ae1 and pendrin, and two isoforms of carbonic anhydrase. Like PSCs in other species, we show that the expression of these genes is likely to be driven by an ortholog of foxi1, which is also sufficient to promote the formation of PSC precursors. Strikingly, the PSCs form in the skin as two distinct subtypes that resemble the alpha- and beta-intercalated cells of the kidney. The alpha-subtype expresses ae1 and localizes H(+)v-ATPases to the apical plasma membrane, whereas the beta-subtype expresses pendrin and localizes the H(+)v-ATPase cytosolically or basolaterally. These two subtypes are specified during early PSC differentiation by a binary switch that can be regulated by Notch signaling and by the expression of ubp1, a transcription factor of the grainyhead family. These results have implications for how PSCs are specified in vertebrates and become functionally heterogeneous.
Cytotoxic Pheofungins from an Engineered Fungus Impaired in Posttranslational Protein Modification (2011)

What makes a fungus blush? The deletion of a gene that is required for global protein N-acetylation triggers the production of unprecedented metabolites in Aspergillus nidulans. The pronounced red pigmentation of the engineered mutant is caused by pheofungins (benzothiazinone chromophores), the biogenesis of which is strikingly similar to those of pheomelanins found in red bird feathers and hair of Celtic origin.
High-Throughput Screening Identifies a Bisphenol Inhibitor of SV40 Large T Antigen ATPase Activity (2011)

The authors conducted a high-throughput screening campaign for inhibitors of SV40 large T antigen ATPase activity to identify candidate antivirals that target the replication of polyomaviruses. The primary assay was adapted to 1536-well microplates and used to screen the National Institutes of Health Molecular Libraries Probe Centers Network library of 306 015 compounds. The primary screen had an Z value of ~0.68, signal/background = 3, and a high (5%) DMSO tolerance. Two counterscreens and two secondary assays were used to prioritize hits by EC(50), cytotoxicity, target specificity, and off-target effects. Hits that inhibited ATPase activity by >44% in the primary screen were tested in dose-response efficacy and eukaryotic cytotoxicity assays. After evaluation of hit cytotoxicity, drug likeness, promiscuity, and target specificity, three compounds were chosen for chemical optimization. Chemical optimization identified a class of bisphenols as the most effective biochemical inhibitors. Bisphenol A inhibited SV40 large T antigen ATPase activity with an IC(50) of 41 µM in the primary assay and 6.2 µM in a cytoprotection assay. This compound class is suitable as probes for biochemical investigation of large T antigen ATPase activity, but because of their cytotoxicity, further optimization is necessary for their use in studying polyomavirus replication in vivo.
A fitness trade-off between local competition and dispersal in <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> biofilms (2011)

Bacteria commonly grow in densely populated surface-bound communities, termed biofilms, where they gain benefits including superior access to nutrients and resistance to environmental insults. The secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which bind bacterial collectives together, is ubiquitously associated with biofilm formation. It is generally assumed that EPS secretion is a cooperative phenotype that benefits all neighboring cells, but in fact little is known about the competitive and evolutionary dynamics of EPS production. By studying Vibrio cholerae biofilms in microfluidic devices, we show that EPS-producing cells selectively benefit their clonemates and gain a dramatic advantage in competition against an isogenic EPS-deficient strain. However, this advantage carries an ecological cost beyond the energetic requirement for EPS production: EPS-producing cells are impaired for dispersal to new locations. Our study establishes that a fundamental tradeoff between local competition and dispersal exists among bacteria. Furthermore, this tradeoff can be governed by a single phenotype.
An infrared optical pacing system for high-throughput screening of cardiac electrophysiology in human cardiomyocytes (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS-HCM) have the potential to provide individualized therapies for patients and to test drug candidates for cardiac toxicity. In order for hiPS-CM to be useful for such applications, there is a need for high-throughput technology to rapidly assess cardiac electrophysiology parameters. Here, we designed and tested a fully contactless optical mapping (OM) and optical pacing (OP) system capable of imaging and point stimulation of hiPS-CM in small wells. OM allowed us to characterize cardiac electrophysiological parameters (conduction velocity, action potential duration, etc.) using voltage-sensitive dyes with high temporal and spatial resolution over the entire well. To improve OM signal-to-noise ratio, we tested a new voltage-sensitive dye (Fluovolt) for accuracy and phototoxicity. Stimulation is essential because most electrophysiological parameters are rate dependent; however, traditional methods utilizing electrical stimulation is difficult in small wells. To overcome this limitation, we utilized OP (λ = 1464 nm) to precisely control heart rate with spatial precision without the addition of exogenous agents. We optimized OP parameters (e.g., well size, pulse width, spot size) to achieve robust pacing and minimize the threshold radiant exposure. Finally, we tested system sensitivity using Flecainide, a drug with well described action on multiple electrophysiological properties.
Towards a Learning Traffic Incident Detection System (2006)

The state of the art in traffic incident detection is dominated by approaches that require significant manual tuning. Our hypothesis is that these time-consuming solutions can be sucessfuly eliminated with the help of machine learning methods and past traffic data collected nowadays on major highways. We show that combining the output of a set of simple, imperfectly tuned, “offthe-shelf” detectors via classification methods is a promising way to obtain a detector with an acceptably low false-positive rate and high and fast recall. We evaluate the performance of a number of simple and combined detectors on real-traffic data and incidents recorded for a section of highway in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. We show that a relatively simple support vector machine classifier solution outperforms the widely used baseline, the California 2 algorithm. Finally, we discuss the possibilities of improving detector performance by accounting for certain untimeliness of accident recording. 1.
Dynamic analysis of the activley controlled segmented mirror of the W. M. Keck ten-meter telescope (1987)

The W. M. Keck Observatory and Telescope are presently under construction on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. When completed in 1990, the telescope will be the world's largest instrument for astronomical observations at visible and infrared wavelengths. The primary mirror has a diameter of 10 m and consists of a mosaic of 36 hexagonal segments, with the orientation of each segment actively controlled. This paper presents an analysis of the dynamic interaction between the segment control system and the telescope structure. Results from computer simulations show improvement in image quality achieved by the control system in response to environmental wind disturbances.
(Acetylacetonato-κ<sup>2</sup><i>O</i>,<i>O</i>′)chloridotrimethanolatoniobium(V) (2010)

In the title compound, [Nb(CH(3)O)(3)(C(5)H(7)O(2))Cl], the Nb(V) atom is coordinated by two O atoms from the chelating acetyl-acetonate ligand, three O atoms from the methano-late groups and one chloride ligand. The octa-hedral environment around niobium is slightly distorted with Nb-O distances in the range 1.8603 (15)-2.1083 (15) Å and an Nb-Cl distance of 2.4693 (9) Å. The O-Nb-O angles vary between 80.74 (6) and 100.82 (7)°, while the trans Cl-Nb-O angle is 167.60 (5)°. There are no hydrogen bonds observed, only an inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-action.
Refinement differential equations and wavelets (1998)

We study the following type of refinement differential equations (RDE):