gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrodeposition of Metal Adlayers on Boron‐Doped Diamond Thin‐Film Electrodes (1995)

A preliminary investigation of the electrochemical deposition of Pt, Pb, and Hg adlayers on conductive diamond thin‐film surfaces has been made using cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. The diamond thin films employed were polycrystalline, grown on conductive Si substrates (1 cm2) to a thickness of ca. 14 μm, and doped with boron at a nominal atomic concentration ranging between 1019 and 1020 cm−3. The cyclic volammetric measurements were performed both in a conventional glass electrochemical cell and in a thin‐layer flow cell. The results demonstrate that metallization of diamond film surfaces electrochemically is feasible, opening the door for the development of novel catalytic electrodes, sensors, and detectors using this advanced material.
Generation and Expansion of Human CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells with Indirect Allospecificity: Potential Reagents to Promote Donor-Specific Transplantation Tolerance (2006)

These data may pave the way for clinical studies using CD4+ CD25+ Tregs with indirect allospecificity as therapeutic reagents for the induction of donor-specific transplantation tolerance.
A 12b 250 MS/s Pipelined ADC With Virtual Ground Reference Buffers (2015)

The virtual ground reference buffer (VGRB) technique is introduced as a means to improve the performance of switched-capacitor circuits. The technique enhances the performance by improving the feedback factor of the op-amp without affecting the signal gain. The bootstrapping action of the level-shifting buffers relaxes key op-amp performance requirements including unity-gain bandwidth, noise, open-loop gain and offset compared with conventional circuits. This reduces the design complexity and the power consumption of op-amp based circuits. Based on this technique, a 12 b pipelined ADC is implemented in 65 nm CMOS that achieves 67.0 dB SNDR at 250 MS/s and consumes 49.7 mW of power from a 1.2 V power supply.
Privacy and non-repudiation on pay-TV systems (2000)

Privacy is becoming more and more precious in modern society. A viewer's TV-watching habits may reveal information about him/her that will make the viewer uncomfortable or cause him/her inconvenience. People should have the right to assert their privacy about the TV-programs they are in the habit of watching. This article develops a practical conditional access system (CAS) mechanism for pay-TV systems to secure such personal privacy in watching TV-programs. Disputes about transactions are usually unavoidable and can endanger the life of any business, including commercial TV systems. In order to prevent possible disputes or settle existing disputes, pay-TV systems need non-repudiation services to provide some evidence-digital signatures, for example-such that a fairer environment can be created. The conventional approaches for pay-TV systems have not provided any non-repudiation services to facilitate dispute resolution. This article also intends to demonstrate the use of digital signature techniques to make pay-TV systems fairer than before.
Amine and Enol Derivatives of 1,1,1-Trifluoropropane<sup>1</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmine and Enol Derivatives of 1,1,1-Trifluoropropane1W. R. Nes and Alfred BurgerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 12, 5409–5413Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01168a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01168a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views379Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Emancipation Moment (1994)

Abstract The Emancipation Proclamation by Lincoln was a historic moment for men and women alike who continued to experience new forms of bondage and oppression. Martin Luther King's rhetoric at the Lincoln Memorial highlights the curious fact that Americans have customarily honored the abolition of slavery as a glorious moment of national rebirth and in the next breath have acknowledged that emancipation was in many ways a failure. The chapter argues that “manumission” was only a voluntary speech act that annihilated a status without altering the status quo. Therefore, the ritual of “national rebirth” merely legitimated a new relationship that had already evolved. For example, over half the manumissions in Maryland were delayed until an adult had worked for a specified number of years or until a child had reached the age of thirty.
High-efficiency dc electromagnetic pumps and flow couplers for LMFBRs. Final report (1981)

The objective for the study reported here was to evaluate high efficiency direct current electromagnetic pump concepts for use in pool-type liquid metal cooled fast breeder reactors. It was concluded that the conventional direct current pump would not be practical for the high flow rates required, primarily because of the adverse high-current low-voltage supply requirements. However, a relatively new concept - the flow coupler - appears to be much more promising. In this concept, the primary and intermediate fluid flows are linked magnetically - with the intermediate fluid acting as a generator of the current that is used in a pump to drive the primary fluid. In this way the requirement for an external direct current supply and associated busbars is eliminated. Techniques to analyze such flow couplers have been developed and show that overall efficiencies in excess of 60% are attainable in relatively small volumes (3.5m in length, 2.5m in dia). This may permit a reduction in the size of the reactor vessel. Several flow coupler concepts are described which require further evaluation.
A Voice Accumulator—Validation and Application (1989)

Studies of vocal behavior under natural conditions require suitable techniques for obtaining records of voice use. We describe the operation of a newly designed voice accumulator that allows registration of fundamental frequency and phonation time during a 12-hour period. The device is based on microprocessors and allows accumulation of the voice fundamental frequency within 60-600 Hz. The voice signal is picked up by a contact microphone attached to the front part of the neck. Analysis of fundamental frequency distribution and phonation time is made on a personal computer. Validation of the device shows it to provide accurate measurements of fundamental frequency, although it tends to underestimate phonation time. In a field test, the accumulator was used to analyze vocal behavior during two work-days in a group of nurses and a group of speech pathologists. Overall, the speech pathologists had a lower fundamental frequency level and higher values of phonation time than the nurses. These field results confirm the validation of the voice accumulator.
Novel activators in cobalt removal from zinc electrolyte by cementation (1998)

In the electrolytic production of zinc, cobalt is removed from zinc electrolyte by cementation with zinc dust Prior to electrowinning. Although the thermodynamics for this reaction are favourable, kinetic barriers to cobalt reduction render the method impractical unless activators such as antimony or arsenic in conjunction with copper are used. There is a large body of work studying the effect of these additives, yet the mechanism by which they act is still poorly understood. Moreover, regardless of the beneficial effect of the activators, from time to time the process fails to meet the target level of 0.1 mg/L cobalt in the purified electrolyte, with negative consequences in the electrowinning operation. Even when the target conditions are met, zinc dust consumption is excessively high: satisfactory operation requires up to 300 times the stoichiometric amount of zinc dust.
Multidrug Comparison (Lorazepam, Triazolam, Zolpidem, and Zopiclone) in Situational Insomnia (1997)

Since homogeneous samples of insomniacs are difficult to recruit for pharmacotherapy studies, normal sleepers can be used to assess the protective effect of hypnotic drugs, under standardized nonconducive conditions. In particular, a noisy environment is a typical cause of situational insomnia that can be counteracted by a sedative-hypnotic agent. Six healthy middle-aged subjects (three men and three women), with no complaints about sleep, underwent a completely randomized double-blind series of 10 nocturnal polysomnograms with at least 72-h washout intervals. All subjects received a single dose of placebo, zolpidem 10 mg, zopiclone 7.5 mg, lorazepam 1 mg, and triazolam 0.25 mg both under basal and under perturbed conditions. For each individual, five recordings were carried out under basal conditions (sound pressure level not higher than 30 dB) and five recordings under acoustically perturbed conditions (continuous white noise at 55 dB). Sleep quality was assessed by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS). All recordings were scored according to conventional rules (macro-structure) and cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) methodology (microstructure). Statistical analysis was based on a repeated measures analysis-of-variance design integrated by Bonferroni adjusted probabilities. Under placebo, situational insomnia was confirmed by the significant increase in sleep fragmentation (intrasleep wakefulness) and by the significant enhancement of arousal instability (CAP parameters). In contrast to macrostructural information, CAP parameters were highly sensitive in detecting the perturbing effects of noise (mean CAP rate under placebo, 57%) and the protective action of hypnotic drugs during perturbation (mean CAP rate under active medication, 41%). Microstructural analysis enabled us to discriminate hypnotic drugs from placebo, nonbenzodiazepine compounds from benzodiazepine agents, and zopiclone from zolpidem. The latter, in fact, induced the lowest values of CAP rate both under basal (30%) and under noisy (39%) conditions and determined a significant decrease in electroencephalogram arousals. All CAP parameters were significantly correlated with the visual-analogue-scale scores for sleep quality. The use of CAP methodology in a highly standardized model of situational insomnia can be a valid alternative to conventional sleep scoring for the investigation of drug effects on disturbed sleep.
New photoinitiators for cationic polymerization (2012)

Four new diaryliodonium photoinitiators have been developed and their performance in initiation of cationic polymerization of example vinyl and epoxy monomers has been tested by Fluorescence Probe Technology (FPT). The photoinitiators exhibit absorption characteristics compatible with the emission characteristics of medium pressure mercury lamps, which are main sources of UV light in the industry. This solves the technological problem related to poor match between the absorption characteristics of commercial photoinitiators and the emission characteristics of industrial UV light sources.
Brain‐to‐blood partition and <i>in vivo</i> inhibition of 5‐hydroxytryptamine reuptake and quipazine‐mediated behaviour of nefazodone and its main active metabolites in rodents (1998)

The brain/plasma partition of nefazodone, hydroxynefazodone (OHNFZ) and m-chlorophenyl-piperazine (mCPP) and their antagonism of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA)-induced 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) depletion and quipazine-induced head twitches were compared in rodents. Nefazodone (30 mg kg(-1), i.p.) rapidly entered the brain but concentrations were exceeded by mCPP, the metabolic ratio being 47 and 10 in the mouse and rat respectively. OHNFZ was detectable in plasma but never in brain. Brain concentrations of OHNFZ in the mouse (30 mg kg(-1), i.p.) were less than 10% of those in plasma, confirming a poor blood-brain barrier penetration. Concentrations of its metabolite mCPP were similar to those after 5 mg kg(-1)(i.p.) mCPP. In the mouse, nefazodone (30 mg kg(-1)) antagonized the 5-HT depleting effect of PCA 2 h after dosing, when it had disappeared from brain but when mCPP concentrations were similar to those after 5 mg kg(-1) (i.p.) mCPP. However, mCPP antagonized PCA less than nefazodone. In the rat, nefazodone pretreatment (30 mg kg(-1), 15 min) prevented (97% of inhibition) quipazine-induced head twitches. The effect was weaker (65% of inhibition) but significant when only mCPP was detected in brain. Analysis of brain concentrations of the two compounds after their ED50 against quipazine indicated that both contributed to the effect, although nefazodone was more active than mCPP in terms of concentrations required to obtain a comparable reduction of twitches. These findings show that mCPP concentrates in the brain following injection of nefazodone and may play a role in preventing quipazine-induced behaviour and PCA-induced 5-HT depletion. In contrast OHNFZ poorly enters the brain and its in vivo activity is mostly due to its biotransformation to mCPP.
Role of quinone-iron(III) interaction in NADPH-dependent enzymic generation of hydroxyl radicals (1992)

To study the effect of chelation of iron ions by quinones on the generation of OH radicals in biological redox systems, we have synthesized quinones that can form complexes with Fe(III) ions: 2-phenyl-4-(butylamino)naphtho[2,3-h]quinoline-7,12-dione (Qbc) and 2-phenyl-4-(octylamino)naphtho[2,3-h]quinoline-7,12-dione (Qoc). A quinone with a similar structure without chelating group was synthesized as a control sample: 2-phenyl-5-nitronaphtho[2,3-g]indole-6,11-dione (Qn). Using optical spectroscopy, we determined the stability constant of Qbc with Fe(III) [Ks = (7 +/- 1) x 10(18) M-3] and the stoichiometry of the complex Fe(Qbc)3 in chloroform solutions. One-electron reduction potentials of Qbc, Qn, and adriamycin in dimethyl sulfoxide were measured by cyclic voltammetry. In the presence of Fe(III) the one-electron reduction potentials shifted toward positive values by 0.16 and 0.1 V for Qbc and adriamycin, respectively. Using the spin trap 5,5'-dimethyl-1-pyroline N-oxide (DMPO) and EPR, it was found that Qbc in the Fe(III) complex stimulated the formation of OH radicals in the enzymatic system consisting of NADPH and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase more efficiently than adriamycin and quinone Qn. This is indicated by the absence of a lag period in the spin adduct appearance for Qbc and by a significantly higher rate of the spin adduct production, as well as by a larger absolute concentration of the spin adduct obtained for Qbc in comparison with Qn in the presence of Fe(III).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Interstitial oxygen gettering in Czochralski silicon wafers (1977)

A procedure for reducing the interstitial oxygen content of virgin Czochralski silicon wafers is described. The process consists of oxidizing wafers in an HCl-added dry oxygen ambient. The gettering action reduces the probability of oxygen precipitation throughout the bulk of the wafer and simultaneously provides a masking or passivating surface oxide. Since oxygen precipitates have been correlated with the nucleation of dislocations and stacking faults, which are known to adversely affect many devices, these gettering procedures may provide a means for overcoming some of the processing problems associated with large-diameter high oxygen content Czochralski material.
Riluzole in augmentation of fluvoxamine for moderate to severe obsessive–compulsive disorder: <scp>R</scp>andomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study (2016)

Riluzole may be of clinical use as an adjuvant agent to fluvoxamine in treatment of moderate to severe obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Decision Making Constructs in a Distributed Environment (2005)

Abstract : The overall objective of this project is the development of computer-based methods for obviating the problems of the exchange, sharing and integration of uniquely held information among decision participants in a distributed, asynchronous collaborative team environment. The project proposes an integration of EWall technologies with Knowledge Elicitation Tools and develops a simplified subjective assessment template for knowledge elicitation. The specific objectives for this year are (1) to complete a shrink-wrapped version of the DCODE software with (2) the appropriate audio-visual training tools for how to use and apply the DCODE technology and (3) continued experimental validation of the efficacy of the DCODE approach to individual and group decision making.
AC Energy Losses Above and Below <i>H</i> <i>c</i>1 in Niobium and Niobium-25 At.% Zirconium (1969)

Calorimetrically determined energy losses for a series of niobium and niobium-25 at.% zirconium samples carrying an af transport current agreed with those calculated from hysteresis loops determined by dc magnetization measurements. The results of this study showed that the energy losses in ultra-high-purity annealed Nb are less than those for any of the other samples studied at magnetic fields less than 1500 G. The magnetic field dependence of the energy losses in all of the samples studied is given by EL = E12hm, where EL is the energy dissipated per unit surface area per cycle and is independent of frequency, E12 is a constant which depends on the material and surface finish, and h = Hp/Hc1, where Hp is the peak ac field amplitude, and Hc1 is the lower critical magnetic field; m = n1 when h≤1, and m = n2 when h≥1. For both highly reversible and highly irreversible samples, n1 ≈ 3. For the least reversible samples, n2 ≈ 4, increasing to ∼8 for the most reversible samples studied. E12 generally increased with decreasing reversibility and was strongly dependent on the surface finish of the sample, increasing as the surface roughness increased. The power loss PL per unit surface area is given by PL = (EL)f. This linear frequency dependence is consistent with a hysteretic loss mechanism as is the agreement between the calorimetrically determined losses and those calculated from the measured hysteresis loops.
Identification of a Vimentin‐Like Function Associated Molecule (FAM) on Rat NK Cells: Evidence for Receptor Function (1993)

Monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 5C6 specifically binds to fish, rat and human NK cells and inhibits cytotoxicity. The molecule recognized by this MoAb is a 50-53-kDa membrane protein on rat leukaemic NK (CRC) cells. In the present study, we have obtained a partial internal amino acid sequence from a purified 42-kDa fragment of the CRC-function associated molecule (FAM). Three tryptic peptide fragments were sequenced and each showed homology to intermediate filament vimentin sequences as deduced from (GenBank) mouse cDNA sequences. Amino acid composition analysis indicated that similar to cytoskeletal vimentin, the FAM contained a high percentage of non-polar amino acids. To further assess the similarities between this protein and vimentin, two commercially available anti-vimentin MoAbs and one anti-vimentin polyclonal antibody were tested for binding and inhibition of NK cytotoxicity. All anti-vimentin MoAbs inhibited killing by rat NWNA cells of appropriate targets. Anti-vimentin MoAb 13.2 bound to 41% of NWNA cells compared with approximately 58% binding for MoAb 5C6. Capping and sequential binding experiments showed that MoAb 5C6 effectively removed, from CRC-cell membranes, the protein recognized by MoAb V9. Sequential addition of these two MoAbs (MoAb 13.2 followed by MoAb V9) to CRC cells did not produce competitive binding. Biochemical and Western blot analysis of the vimentin-like protein obtained from CRC cells indicated that this protein has a molecular weight of 48-50 kDa, with an isoelectric point of pH 6.1-6.3. This protein is cross-reactive by Western blot analysis with anti-vimentin and anti-intermediate filament (IFA) antigen MoAbs but not with anti-desmin or anti-actin MoAbs. The molecular weight heterogeneity (43 versus 48-50 kDa) of the CRC protein was also examined. Western blot analysis of the CRC extract after different in vitro incubation times at 37 degrees C and 4 degrees C demonstrated that the 50-53-kDa 'native' protein degraded to a 42-kDa protein by 24 and 48 h respectively. This degradation was inhibitable by 10 mM EGTA. Evidence is presented which indicates that a vimentin-like protein on transformed rat NK cells may be an antigen binding receptor which initiates target cell lysis.
Push-pull gossiping for information sharing in peer-to-peer communities (2003)

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), previously referred to as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM), is a developmental malformation of the lower respiratory tract and the most commonly reported congenital lung lesion. Affected patients typically present with respiratory distress in the neonatal period from expanding cysts and resulting compression of surrounding lung parenchyma. However, some patients also remain asymptomatic until later in life. In this report, we present a case of CPAM requiring emergent left lower lobectomy at the first day of life that remained asymptomatic until the patient developed a spontaneous pneumothorax 18 years later. Our patient's presentation with an isolated spontaneous pneumothorax at age 18 does not appear to have been previously reported. In addition, there are several aspects of this case that represent atypical features of CPAM. After an extensive literature search, few reports exist describing any long-term complications of CPAM following neonatal lobectomy. Chest imaging in our patient demonstrated residual left basilar bullae and there was a moderate fixed obstructive/restrictive defect on pulmonary function testing. His risk for recurrent pneumothorax or infectious complications is unknown based on minimal published information on long-term outcomes or complications in patients with resected CPAM lesions. We conclude that follow up of all CPAM patients should include an evaluation for evidence of residual lung disease both with spirometric testing and chest imaging. Furthermore, concern for infectious complications or symptomatic obstructive lung disease should likewise be considered.