gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Eukaryotic initiation factor 3 is required for poliovirus 2A protease-induced cleavage of the p220 component of eukaryotic initiation factor 4F. (1990)

After cultured cells are infected with poliovirus, cellular mRNA fails to bind to ribosomes, and synthesis of the majority of cellular proteins ceases. The defective step has been localized to the cap-dependent activity of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F. Inactivation of this factor correlates with the cleavage of its largest subunit, p220, into characteristic products observed in infected cells. This cleavage is mediated by the poliovirus protease 2Apro. Previous work suggests that 2Apro does not catalyze the reaction directly, suggesting that one or more cellular proteins is required for the degradation of p220. To identify such a protein, we have developed an assay in which cleavage of a p220 substrate in the presence of poliovirus 2Apro is dependent upon the addition of HeLa cell proteins. By using this assay, we show that another factor, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, is required for 2Apro-dependent cleavage of p220.
Distillable Protic Ionic Liquids for Keratin Dissolution and Recovery (2014)

Feathers, a form of keratin, are available in large quantities as a waste in many countries. They could be a potential source of polyamides if suitable methods for the dissolution and regeneration of the keratin were developed. A series of distillable N,N-dimethylethanolammonium cation-based protic ionic liquids (PILs) have been investigated in this work for use as processing solvents for this material. N,N-dimethylethanolammonium formate ([DMEA][HCOO]) is shown to dissolve keratin to an extent of 150 mg per gram of solvent. Recovery of the regenerated keratin material is easily achieved by the addition of methanol. We also demonstrate distillation and recovery of the ionic liquid from the dissolved keratin.
Remote three-factor authentication scheme based on Fuzzy extractors (2014)

In order to provide high-security remote authentication, the three-factor authentication scheme combining biometric with smart card and password has been proposed. With a careful review of the recently proposed Lee-Hsu's scheme, this paper points out some design flaws in it. In order to withstand them, a new scheme based on Fuzzy extractors is proposed. With a detail analysis, this paper demonstrates that the proposed scheme is more practical and reasonable. It also has higher security and deals with biometric more appropriately in spite of higher computation cost at client than Lee-Hsu's scheme. Furthermore, an access control method has been introduced in it for the purpose of making different users enjoy different access privileges with regard to the data. What is more, the proposed scheme can also achieve key agreement. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multifiber optical bend sensor to aid colonoscope navigation (2011)

A colonoscopy's near-blind navigation process frequently causes disorientation for the scope operator, leading to harm for the patient. Navigation can be improved if real-time colonoscope shape, location, and orientation information is provided by a shape-tracking aid, such as a fiber optic bend sensor. Fiber optic bend sensors provide advantages over conventional electromechanical shape-trackers, including low cost and ease of integration. However, current fiber optic bend sensors lack either the ability to detect both bending direction and curvature, or the ability to detect multiple localized bends. An inexpensive multifiber bend sensor was developed to aid users in navigation during colonoscopy. The bend sensor employs active-cladding optical fibers modified with fluorescent quantum dots, bandpass filters, and a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor imager as key components. Results from three-fiber sensors demonstrate the bend sensor's ability to measure curvature (error of 0.01 mm), direction (100% accuracy), and location (predetermined distance) of a bend in the fiber bundle. Comparison with spectroscopy data further confirmed the accuracy of the bending direction measurement for a three-fiber sensor. Future work includes improvements in fiber manufacturing to increase sensor sensitivity and consistency. An expanded 31 fiber bundle would be needed to track the full length of a colonoscope.
Hair-bundle movements elicited by transepithelial electrical stimulation of hair cells in the sacculus of the bullfrog (2003)

Electrically evoked otoacoustic emission is a manifestation of reverse transduction by the inner ear. We present evidence for a single-cell correlate of this phenomenon, hair-bundle movement driven by transepithelial electrical stimulation of the frog's sacculus. Responses could be observed at stimulus frequencies up to 1 kHz, an order of magnitude higher than the organ's natural range of sensitivity to acceleration or sound. Measurements at high-stimulus frequencies and pharmacological treatments allow us to distinguish two mechanisms that mediate the electrical responses: myosin-based adaptation and Ca(2+)-dependent reclosure of transduction channels. These mechanisms also participate in the active process that amplifies and tunes the mechanical responses of this receptor organ. Transient application of the channel blocker gentamicin demonstrated the crucial role of mechanoelectrical transduction channels in the rapid responses to electrical stimulation. A model for electrically driven bundle motion that incorporates the negative stiffness of the hair bundle as well as its two mechanisms of motility captures the essential features of the measured responses.
Electrical Conductivities of Polycondensed Benzopyrazine and Related Compounds (1961)

4,5;Dichlorocyclohexene-3,6-dione [1] reacted with ammonia to yield polycondensed heteroaromatic compounds in which benzene rings should fuse alternatively with dihydropyrazine rings.' When the reaction time was prolonged, the reaction product was infusible black-brown powder.The powder was dehydrogenated with various oxidizing reagents to accomplish an aroinatic character of the molecule.From the ' product obtained by the dehydrogenation, mglecular complexes with iodine, in which the amount of iodine was varied, and chelate compounds of various kind of metal were derived.The electrical resistivities of the reaction product between [I] and ammonia, of the dehydrogenated product, of metal chelate compounds and of molecular complexes of iodine were of the order of 10i'NIOi6, 10i3.vlO!4, 10i2NIOi3, and le7-vlOS ohm-cm, respectively.' Preparation of iodine-[III] complex.-Fourtenth grams of [III] were suspended in a solution of 1.02 g. of iodine in 20 ml. of benzene, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 60 hours.The precipitate obtained was collected by filtration, and excess iodine was removed under 10mm.Hg vacuo at 300C for 8 hours.(Anal.Found;halogen, 48.6)., Preparation of a trinitrobenzene-[IV] complex.-Four tenth grams of [IV] were suspended in a solution of O.85 g. of trinitrobenzene in 20 ml. of benzene, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours.After filtering, the precipitate was refiuxed with 20ml. of benzene, filtered, and dried in vacug.(Anal.Found; halogon, 7.15).Preparation of metal chelate compound.-(a)[V]-Cu2': To a solution of O.2g. of [IV] in 25 m!. of dimethylformamide was poured a solution of 1g. of copper acetate in 30ml. of dimethylformamide, and O.lg. of black precipitate obtained was filtered, refiuxed in 20 ml. of dimethylformamide, filtered, washed with a water-ethanol mixture, and dried in 10mm.Hg vacuo at 600C for 24 hours over P20s.(b) [V]-miscellaneous metals:[V]-Zn2', [V]-Pb2' and [V]-Sn2' were prepared with the similar method to'
Application level ballooning for efficient server consolidation (2013)

Systems software like databases and language runtimes typically manage memory themselves to exploit application knowledge unavailable to the OS. Traditionally deployed on dedicated machines, they are designed to be statically configured with memory sufficient for peak load. In virtualization scenarios (cloud computing, server consolidation), however, static peak provisioning of RAM to applications dramatically reduces the efficiency and cost-saving benefits of virtualization. Unfortunately, existing memory "ballooning" techniques used to dynamically reallocate physical memory between VMs badly impact the performance of applications which manage their own memory. We address this problem by extending ballooning to applications (here, a database engine and Java runtime) so that memory can be efficiently and effectively moved between virtualized instances as the demands of each change over time. The results are significantly lower memory requirements to provide the same performance guarantees to a collocated set of VM running such applications, with minimal overhead or intrusive changes to application code.
Periodic Tiling of Pentagons:  The First Example of a Two-Dimensional ( )-net (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPeriodic Tiling of Pentagons: The First Example of a Two-Dimensional ( )-netBrian Moulton, Jianjiang Lu, and Michael J. ZaworotkoView Author Information Department of Chemistry University of South Florida 4202 East Fowler Avenue (SCA 400) Tampa, Florida 33620 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 37, 9224–9225Publication Date (Web):August 22, 2001Publication History Received17 July 2001Revised3 August 2001Published online22 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja016637fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja016637frapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views870Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Cluster structure,Mathematical methods,Metal clusters,Molecular structure Get e-Alerts
Human T lymphotropic virus I infection deregulates surface expression of the transferrin receptor. (1988)

Human T-lymphotropic virus I (HTLV-I) is an etiologic agent in adult T cell leukemia. In an effort to understand the relationship between HTLV-I infection and malignant transformation, we have examined transferrin receptor expression in HTLV-I-infected cells. Transferrin receptor expression in normal T cells is tightly regulated and essential for cell proliferation. We have used matched T cell sets originating from a normal donor, consisting of tetanus toxoid-specific normal T cell clones (TM3 and TM5) and their in vitro HTLV-I-infected counterparts (TM3H and TM5H). Using these matched sets of virus-infected and normal T cells, we have determined that HTLV-I infection leads to hyperexpression of surface transferrin receptors (five- to six-fold higher than normal counterparts). Although the growth rates of the virus-infected cells did not differ significantly from their normal controls, HTLV-I-infected cells constitutively hyperexpressed surface transferrin receptors, whereas the level of surface receptor expression of normal counterpart cells varied during the cycle of antigenic stimulation. Immunoprecipitation of total (surface plus cytoplasmic) transferrin expression showed that the HTLV-I-infected cells did not possess a greater total number of transferrin receptors than their normal counterparts. This data was supported by Northern blot analysis, which showed equivalent transferrin receptor mRNA expression in HTLV-I-infected and uninfected cells. Functional analysis revealed a marked defect in 59Fe-transferrin internalization in the HTLV-I-infected cells. Furthermore, the HTLV-I-infected cells showed markedly decreased transferrin receptor phosphorylation and internalization in response to active phorbol ester. Thus the data demonstrate that in peripheral blood T cells, HTLV-I infection is accompanied by surface transferrin receptor overexpression secondary to subcellular redistribution and defective internalization.
Tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1) approved for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer in adults when given in combination with cisplatin: a review comparing it with other fluoropyrimidine-based therapies (2011)

S-1 is a combination of three pharmacological compounds, namely tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil potassium. Tegafur is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an oral fluoropyrimidine, and it has been developed as a replacement for infusional 5-FU therapy. S-1-based chemotherapy and the combination of S-1 and cisplatin are the most reasonable first-line standards for unresectable advanced gastric cancer in Japan. However, the application of S-1 for gastric cancer has been delayed in Western countries. One reason for this delay is that the pharmacokinetics of tegafur is affected by polymorphisms in cytochrome P-450 2A6, and consequently 5-FU concentrations in the plasma are more likely to be elevated in patients from Western countries. Although the dose of S-1 was reduced compared with the approved dose in Japan, a global Phase III study reported similar results regarding overall survival between S-1 plus cisplatin and infusional 5-FU plus cisplatin arms. Significant safety advantages were observed in the S-1 plus cisplatin arm compared with the infusional 5-FU plus cisplatin arm. S-1 plus cisplatin has become acceptable for Western countries, also, as a choice for unresectable advanced gastric cancer. Comparisons with capecitabine and combination of several targeting agents with S-1 are expected in the future.
Organic sulfur mechanisms. 36. Cyclopropanesulfonyl chloride: its mechanisms of hydrolysis and reactions with tertiary amines in organic media (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic sulfur mechanisms. 36. Cyclopropanesulfonyl chloride: its mechanisms of hydrolysis and reactions with tertiary amines in organic mediaJames F. King, Joe Y. L. Lam, and Gabriele FerrazziCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 5, 1128–1135Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00057a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00057a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views484Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Packaging of Brome Mosaic Virus Subgenomic RNA Is Functionally Coupled to Replication-Dependent Transcription and Translation of Coat Protein (2006)

In Brome mosaic virus (BMV), genomic RNA1 (gB1) and RNA2 (gB2), encoding the replication factors, are packaged into two separate virions, whereas genomic RNA3 (gB3) and its subgenomic coat protein (CP) mRNA (sgB4) are copackaged into a third virion. In vitro assembly assays performed between a series of deletion variants of sgB4 and wild-type (wt) CP subunits demonstrated that packaging of sgB4 is independent of sequences encoding the CP open reading frame. To confirm these observations in vivo and to unravel the mechanism of sgB4 copackaging, an Agrobacterium-mediated transient in vivo expression system (P. Annamalai and A. L. N. Rao, Virology 338:96-111, 2005) that effectively uncouples replication from packaging was used. Cultures of agrotransformants, engineered to express sgB4 and CP subunits either transiently (sgB4(Trans) and CP(Trans)) or in replication-dependent transcription and translation when complemented with gB1 and gB2 (sgB4(Rep) and CP(Rep)), were mixed in all four pair-wise combinations and infiltrated to Nicotiana benthamiana leaves to systematically evaluate requirements regulating sgB4 packaging. The data revealed that (i) in the absence of replication, packaging was nonspecific, since transiently expressed CP subunits efficiently packaged ubiquitous cellular RNA as well as transiently expressed sgB4 and its deletion variants; (ii) induction of viral replication increased specificity of RNA packaging; and most importantly, (iii) efficient packaging of sgB4, reminiscent of the wt scenario, is functionally coupled not only to its transcription via replication but also to translation of CP from replication-derived mRNA, a mechanism that appears to be conserved among positive-strand RNA viruses of plants (this study), animals (flock house virus), and humans (poliovirus).
Multimedia courseware delivery over the Internet (2002)

We discuss a multimedia interactive courseware rendering system developed at the Multimedia Information and Mobile Agent Research Lab, University of Ottawa. This system, which exploits the latest information technology such as Java applets, servlets, etc., provides a platform-independent learning environment. An interaction mechanism is also exploited to allow active participants in the learning process the right to guide their knowledge diffusion process and to tailor the contents and learning speed to their own learning style and cognitive ability. The system consists of a courseware controller, a courseware rendering manager client access manager, and a multimedia courseware database server. An overview of the system architecture and these components is presented and discussed.
The occurrence and distribution of furan fatty acids in spawning male freshwater fish (1977)

Abstract Furan fatty acids (F acids) have been found in the livers and/or testes of 20 species, representing 9 families of male freshwater fish. In 9 species they are major components of the lipids while in the remaining 11 species they occur to a much lesser extent. The F acids in some species reach a maximum concentration in the testes lipids, and minimum liver lipid concentration, at spawning. In all species in the testes, the F acids are confined almost exclusively to the triglyceride fraction while, in the liver lipids, they are found, in order of decreasing concentration, in the cholesteryl esters, the triglycerides, and the phospholipids. In the lipids of many individuals F 6 12,15‐epoxy‐13,14‐dimethyleicosa‐12,14‐dienoic acid, is the major fatty acid present. It is presumed that these acids perform some as yet unidentified metabolic function. Isolation technology and identification of F acids by a specific thin layer chromatographic spray reagent are discussed.
Synthesis of 5,15-Diaryl-Substituted Oxochlorins from 5,15-Diaryloctaethylporphyrin (1993)

Abstract 5,15-Diaryl-substituted oxochlorins were prepared from osmium tetraoxide oxidation of 5,15-diaryloctaethylporphyrin followed by acid-catalyzed pinacol rearrangement. Optical and electrochemical properties of this macrocyclic ring are studied by measuring the absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence lifetimes, and one-electron oxidation and reduction potentials.
Automated Reaction-Rate Method for Determination of Serum Creatinine with the CentrifiChem (1971)

Abstract An automated kinetic method to determine creatinine in serum with the Jaffé reaction is described. The method does not require deproteinization or adsorption of creatinine on Fuller's earth or ion-exchange resin. A maximum of 29 serum samples, standards, and control sera can be assayed in less than 1.5 min. Interferences by most of the known Jaffé-positive serum constituents were studied and minimized by optimal selection of the time interval during which the reaction rate was measured. Results of precision studies and correlation with a manual method requiring adsorption of creatinine on ion-exchange resin are reported. Spectroscopic data suggest that the product of reaction between picrate and creatinine is a 1:1 adduct of the two starting molecules.
An all digital receiver architecture for bandwidth efficient transmission at high data rates (1989)

Using the maximum-likelihood approach, algorithms for detection and synchronization are derived that are well suited for VLSI implementation. Special emphasis is placed on an all-digital implementation where carrier and clock synchronization do not require a feedback of signals to the analog part, which simplifies the analog front-end design (mixing oscillator and A/D converter sampling clock run at fixed frequency). An important advantage of the proposed algorithms is that a high clock rate is not required; only two-four times the symbol rate is needed, depending on amplitude quantization. Implementation aspects, e.g. architecture, and quantization, are considered. A prototype is described which was implemented to prove the feasibility of the concept and to evaluate the performance under practical conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Low Field Helium Magnetometer for Space Applications (1963)

Measurement of low magnetic fields using a magnetometer which utilizes the optical pumping of metastable helium atoms
Free layer stabilized spin valve through a non-magnetic spacer (2004)

The spin valve thin film of a free layer biased structure with an antiferromagnet through a non-magnetic spacer layer has fabricated by a two step annealing process. An exchange bias field strength and a MR ratio were analysed as a function of Cu spacer thickness. An oxide layer of Cu also was selected as the spacer layer in odrer to enhance the MR ratio by specular scattering. The exchange bias field and a coercivity showed an exponential decrease with increasing Cu spacer thickness as an initial annealed. The maximum MR ratio appeared at 8 Å Cu spacer thickness. After a second perpendicular annealing, the free layer biased thin film showed slightly higher MR ratio and lower squareness in case of CuO spacer layer. The applying field strength affected perpendicular alignment of the free layer during the second perpendicular annealing process. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)