gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mercury(II) Adsorption from Wastewaters Using a Thiol Functional Adsorbent (2003)

The removal of mercury(II) from wastewaters (coal-fired utility plant scrubber solutions) using a thiol functional organoceramic composite (SOL-AD-IV) is investigated. A simulant is employed as a surrogate to demonstrate the removal of mercury from real waste solutions. Equilibrium studies show a mercury uptake capacity of 500 mg/g at a low mercury concentration of 0.5 mg/L and 726 mg/g at saturation. Adsorption is observed to be independent in the pH range 3−5. The kinetic performance assessed on a recycle batch reactor shows a rapid rate of adsorption. Selectivity is found to be in the order Hg(II) > Pb(II) ∼ Cd(II) > As(V) > Cr(III). Regeneration of SOL-AD-IV is accomplished using 12 M HCl. Effluent mercury concentrations of <0.001 mg/L are achieved using a fixed-bed adsorption column. A stability test operated for 25 cycles indicates a capacity loss of <10%. A high potential is demonstrated for application for mercury cleanup of wastewaters.
Multilayer film analysis for glucose in 1-microL samples of plasma. (1983)

With the ultramicroanalytical system described here we can measure glucose in 1 microL of plasma or serum. The sample is placed on a dry, multilayer film element (Eastman Kodak), where a colored spot about 3.5 mm in diameter develops. The reflectance of these spots is measured with a reflectance digital matrix photometer that was conceived, designed, and constructed in our laboratory. The spot is illuminated with monochromatic light and its image is projected by a camera lens onto the photosensitive surface of a linear photodiode array containing 512 individual photodetectors. The photodetector signals are processed by a computer to obtain the reflectance and diameter of the spot. The latter is proportional to sample volume. Because the reflectance of the spot does not depend greatly on sample volume, accurate pipetting is not required. The coefficients of variation of repeatable glucose analyses were, for 400, 3000, and 5120 mg/L, 1.7, 2.3, and 2.8%, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) between glucose analyses by our method (y) and with the Ektachem 400 (x) was 0.9918; the regression equation was y = 1.07x - 94.3 mg/L.
Asymmetric Synthesis of 3,4‐anti‐ and 3,4‐syn‐Substituted Aminopyrrolidines via Lithium Amide Conjugate Addition. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Blind Channel Estimation for Long Code Multiuser (2000)

In CDMA systems with long codes, the users' signa- tures change in each bit period, impeding the estimation of the time-invariant multipath parameters. In this paper, correlation- matching methods are employed to blindly estimate those multi- path parameters. For given code sequences, the output correla- tion matrix (parameterized by the unknown channel coefficients) is compared with its instantaneous approximation. By minimizing the Frobenius norm of the resulting error matrix, the channel pa- rameters can be estimated up to a complex scalar ambiguity. Both batch and adaptive algorithms are derived. Under the assumption of i.i.d. code sequences, identifiability up to a complex scalar am- biguity for each channel is guaranteed, and the asymptotic con- vergence of the proposed algorithm is established. Furthermore, step-size selection for the adaptive version is investigated. When only the code sequence of the user of interest is available, a single user receiver is also derived. Simulation results verify those claims and provide comparisons with other methods. Index Terms—CDMA, channel estimation, correlation, long codes.
Selective laser sintering of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene for clinical applications (2000)

Rapid prototyping is a relatively new technology, which although prominent in the engineering industry is only just starting to make an impact in the medical field. Its current medical uses are mainly confined to surgical planning and teaching, but the technology also has the potential to allow for patient-tailored prostheses. The work reported here describes the application of a simplified selective laser sintering apparatus with ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The morphology and chemistry of the starting powders and lased material have been characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy and a combination of light and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that solid linear continuous bodies could be formed, but material shrinkage caused problems when trying to form sheet-like structures. The porosity of the formed material was also a concern. The material exposed to the laser beam was shown to have undergone degradation in terms of chain scission, cross-linking, and oxidation. It has been concluded that to apply this technology to the fabrication of UHMWPE devices requires the development of improved starting powders, in particular with increased density.
Potential role of caspase-3 and -9 in arsenic trioxide-mediated apoptosis in PCI-1 head and neck cancer cells (2001)

Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of hematologic malignant cells. Previously, we reported that As2O3 had an antitumoral effect in head and neck cancer. Here, we investigated the induction of apoptosis and its mechanism in PCI-1 head and neck squamous carcinoma cells, after treatment with As2O3. Treatment with 2 microM of As2O3 caused apoptosis in PCI-1 cells following 3 days of exposure, which was detected by the annexin V-PI and DAPI staining methods. The cell death population was markedly increased, being 88% larger than the As2O3-untreated control cells. To address the mechanism of apoptosis, a Western blot assay was performed, showing that Bax was up-regulated without a change in Bcl-2. Activation of caspase-9 during As2O3-induced apoptosis was substantiated by monitoring the proteolysis of the caspase-9, which was associated with an increase of Apaf-1 and cytochrome c protein. PCI-1 cells rapidly changed the mitochondria membrane potential (DeltaPsim) after addition of As2O3. Furthermore, activation of caspase-3 was demonstrated by monitoring the proteolysis of the caspase-3 and by measuring caspase-3 activity with a fluorogenic substrate, which was associated with the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. To examine the in vivo effect of As2O3, C3H mouse inoculated with syngenic SCC7 cells was treated by intratumoral injection of As2O3 (300 microg) every day, demonstrating that tumor mass was dramatically reduced on day 4, and revealed induction of apoptosis by TUNEL assay. These results suggest that apoptosis of PCI-1 cells by As2O3 is induced by activation of caspase-3 via cytochrome c, caspase-9 and Apaf-1 complex.
Thermal behavior and tensile properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-ethylene isophthalate) (2000)

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(ethylene isophthalate) (PEI) homopolymers were synthesized by the two-step melt polycondensation process of ethylene glycol (EG) with dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and/or dimethyl isophthalate (DMI), respectively. Nine copolymers of the above three monomers were also synthesized by varying the mole percent of DMI with respect to DMT in the initial monomer feed. The thermal behavior was investigated over the entire range of copolymer composition by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The glass transition (Tg), cold crystallization (Tcc), melting (Tm), and crystallization (Tc) temperatures have been determined. Also, the gradually increasing proportion of ethyleno-isophthalate units in the virgin PET drastically differentiated the tensile mechanical properties, which were determined, and the results are discussed. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 200–207, 2000
Application of the Diffusion Approximation to Queueing Networks II: Nonequilibrium Distributions and Applications to Computer Modeling (1974)

Quite often explicit information about the behavior of a queue over a fairly short period is wanted. This requires solving the nonequilibrium solution of the queue-length distribution, which is usually quite difficult mathematically. The first half of Part II shows how the diffusion process approximation can be used to answer this question. A transient solution is obtained for a cyclic queueing model using the technique of eigenfunction expansion. The second half of Part II applies the earlier results of Part I to modeling and performance problems of a typical multiprogrammed computer system. Such performance measures as utilization, throughput, response time and its distribution, etc., are discussed in some detail.
Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Evaluation with 3-T Four-dimensional MR Angiography Using Arterial Spin Labeling (2013)

The good-to-excellent agreement between 3-T 4D ASL MR angiographic and DSA findings suggests that 3-T 4D ASL MR angiography is a useful tool for the evaluation of intracranial dural AVFs.
Horror film genre typing and scene labeling via audio analysis (2003)

We examine localised sound energy patterns, or events, that we associate with high level affect experienced with films. The study of sound energy events in conjunction with their intended affect enable the analysis of film at a higher conceptual level, such as genre. The various affect/emotional responses we investigate in this paper are brought about by well established patterns of sound energy dynamics employed in audio tracks of horror films. This allows the examination of the thematic content of the films in relation to horror elements. We analyse the frequency of sound energy and affect events at a film level as well as at a scene level, and propose measures indicative of the film genre and scene content. Using 4 horror, and 2 non-horror movies as experimental data we establish a correlation between the sound energy event types and horrific thematic content within film, thus enabling an automated mechanism for genre typing and scene content labeling in film.
Can the reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction for prostate specific antigen and prostate specific membrane antigen improve staging and predict biochemical recurrence? (2002)

Gene-specific primed nested RT-PCR for PSA and PSMA is a sensitive and simple assay; it might add substantial information for tumour staging in individual patients. RT-PCR before surgery allows the prediction of recurrence in 65% of cases and after surgery in 73%.
Pharmacological neuroprotection after perinatal asphyxia (2010)

Recent progress has provided us with several promising neuroprotective compounds to reduce perinatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. In the early post HI phase, therapies can be concentrated on ion channel blockage (Xenon), anti-oxidation (allopurinol, 2-iminobiotin, and indomethacin), anti-inflammation (erythropoietin [EPO], melatonin), and anti-apoptosis (nuclear factor kappa B [NF-κB]and c-jun N-terminal kinase [JNK] inhibitors); in the later phase, therapies should be targeted to promote neuronal regeneration by stimulation of neurotrophic properties of the neonatal brain (EPO, growth factors, stem cells transplantation). Combination of pharmacological interventions with moderate hypothermia, which is the only established therapy for post HI brain injury, is probably the next step to fight HI brain damage in the clinical setting. Further studies should be concentrated on more rational pharmacological strategies by determining the optimal time and dose to inhibit the various potentially destructive molecular pathways and/or to enhance endogenous repair meanwhile avoiding the adverse effects.
Pentacyclic Triterpenes. Part 3. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives as Novel Inhibitors of Glycogen Phosphorylase. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Controlling a marionette with human motion capture data (2004)

In this paper, we present a method for controlling a motorized, string-driven marionette using motion capture data from human actors. The motion data must be adapted for the marionette because its kinematic and dynamic properties differ from those of the human actor in degrees of freedom, limb length, workspace, mass distribution, sensors, and actuators. This adaptation is accomplished via an inverse kinematics algorithm that takes into account marker positions, joint motion ranges, string constraints, and potential energy. We also apply a feedforward controller to prevent extraneous swings of the hands. Experimental results show that our approach enables the marionette to perform motions that are qualitatively similar to the original human motion capture data.
Dynamic DC-link voltage adaptation for thermal management of traction drives (2013)

Power density and reliability specifications for motor drives in traction applications are getting increasingly stringent. The main challenge in meeting these conflicting requirements, is managing heat dissipation. A drive's peak torque rating is limited by switching device temperatures which must be kept below critical values at all times for the sake of reliability, preferably without major hardware adaptations. In this challenge lies a large potential for advanced control algorithms. This paper proposes a PMSM drive control strategy which combines active thermal management with dynamic DC-link voltage adaptation. The bus voltage level is adjusted to the required PMSM terminal voltage in each operating point. Doing so, switching losses can be reduced at low speed by lowering the bus voltage. At high speed, the voltage level is boosted and field-weakening operation and the associated additional losses are avoided. An 11 kW PMSM drive, with an active front-end controlling the bus voltage, is used as a test setup to mimic a series-hybrid drivetrain. Compared to a fixed DC-link voltage, efficiency maps show a significant inverter loss reduction at low speed. This results in lower switching device temperatures which in turn allows a higher peak torque rating.
Feedback delay reduction of Tomlinson–Harashima precoder in 14 nm CMOS via pipelined MAC units operated entirely with CSA arithmetic (2016)

The data rate of a Tomlinson–Harashima (TH) precoder is limited by the delay in the feedback path of its infinite impulse response (IIR) filter that cancels the channel's post‐cursor intersymbol interference (ISI). One reason for long loop delays is the requirement to perform the ISI subtraction from the data signal in binary arithmetic in order to properly execute the modulo (MOD) operation, which stabilises the IIR filter and limits the transmitter amplitude. The restriction to binary arithmetic is unfortunate, because some filter subcomponents such as, e.g. adder trees are often implemented in a faster data format that has no slow carry propagation [e.g. the carry‐save adder (CSA) format]. This paper proposes a novel architecture for TH precoders in which the MOD operation is taken out of the loop, so that the remaining IIR filtering is performed entirely in CSA arithmetic to reduce the feedback delay as no conversion to binary format is required within the loop. With the pipelining technique applied, the filter's feedback delay reduces to the propagation delay of a multiply‐accumulate unit operated with CSA arithmetic. The proposed concept was verified in a 14 nm CMOS test chip with multi‐level signalling (NRZ, 4‐/8‐/16‐PAM).
Regulatory effects of platelet-derived growth factor-AA homodimer on migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (1992)

Migration of medial smooth muscle cells (SMC) into the intima is important in intimal thickening of atherosclerotic tissues. To study the functions of three isoforms of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in atherosclerosis, we investigated their effects on SMC migration by Boyden's chamber method. Although PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB enhanced SMC migration dose-dependently, PDGF-AA did not enhance SMC migration, but instead inhibited SMC migration induced by PDGF-AB or PDGF-BB. PDGF-AA also inhibited SMC migration induced by two other migration factors, fibronectin and SMC-derived migration factor. PDGF-AA is considered to be coexpressed with transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 in atherosclerotic tissues. Treatment of SMC with TGF-beta 1 reduced an autocrine migration activity from SMC. Studies using anti-PDGF antibody revealed that an increased secretion of PDGF-AA by TGF-beta 1 caused the reduced migration activity. cAMP increase by forskolin and dibutyryl cAMP suppressed SMC migration, whereas cAMP decrease by pertussis toxin had no effects on PDGF-AA-suppressed migration. In contrast, staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, enhanced SMC migration and neutralized the inhibitory effect of PDGF-AA. These findings suggest that PDGF-AA regulates SMC migration in intimal thickening in atheroma formation and that protein kinase C may play an important role in the inhibitory mechanism of PDGF-AA.
Three-Dimensional Structure of the Human Herpesvirus 8 Capsid (2000)

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), or Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is a gammaherpesvirus implicated in all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma and certain lymphomas. HHV-8 has been extensively characterized, both biochemically and immunologically, since its first description in 1994. However, its three-dimensional (3D) structure remained heretofore undetermined largely due to difficulties in viral purification. We have used log-phase cultures of body cavity-based lymphoma 1 cells induced with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate to obtain HHV-8 capsids for electron cryomicroscopy and computer reconstruction. The 3D structure of the HHV-8 capsids revealed a capsid shell composed of 12 pentons, 150 hexons, and 320 triplexes arranged on a T=16 icosahedral lattice. This structure is similar to those of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), which are prototypical members of alpha- and betaherpesviruses, respectively. The inner radius of the HHV-8 capsid is identical to that of the HSV-1 capsid but is smaller than that of the HCMV capsid, which is consistent with the relative sizes of the genomes they enclose. While the HHV-8 capsid exhibits many structural similarities to the HSV-1 capsid, our reconstruction shows two major differences: its hexons lack the "horn-shaped" VP26 densities bound to the HSV-1 hexon subunits, and the HHV-8 triplexes appear smaller and less elongated than those of HSV-1. These differences are in excellent agreement with our sequence comparisons of HHV-8 and HSV-1 capsid proteins. This gammaherpesvirus capsid structure complements previous structural studies on alpha- and betaherpesviruses in providing an account of structural similarities and differences among capsids representing all human herpesvirus subfamilies.
Software application and management issues for AIN (2002)

With the evolution of the advanced intelligent network (AIN), the telecommunications industry has been thrust into a most complex transitional project. The author addresses certain steps that, if employed, would provide a framework on which the AIN could be based. He socializes the relationship between service logic and service data as they relate to service creation. A method to structure software for internodal interface in the AIN is suggested, through a well designed service management system (SMS) and the role it will probably assume.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Urea transporters and renal function: lessons from knockout mice (2008)

Multiple urea transport mechanisms within the kidney are essential for producing maximally concentrated urine.
Writing the Sky (1992)

In most Polish literature women are holes to be filled in by men: in the poetry of Anna Swir women are whole by themselves. Swir's work, which bridges the interwar and state capitalist periods, provides one example of how some Polish writer-women, despite the limitations of censorship, challenged dominant sexual stereotypes and forged new connections between different women. Anna Swir collectively re-presents the autonomy and self-determination of women and goes way beyond the League of Women or the state in terms of the subject matter she tackled and the styles she chose to use.KeywordsReligious DiscourseMale ViolencePolish WomanPolish RadioPolish WordThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Temperature and electric-field dependence of the mobility of a single-grain pentacene field-effect transistor (2006)

A single-grain organic field-effect transistor (OFET) of pentacene with a 1μm channel length of top-contact electrodes is demonstrated in a wide range of temperatures from 300 down to 5.8K. No hysteresis behavior was observed in the transfer characteristics throughout the entire temperature range. The saturation mobility and on/off ratio are estimated at 1.11cm2∕Vs and 107 at 300K and 0.34cm2∕Vs and 105 at 5.8K, respectively. The nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the mobility indicates a bandlike transport at high temperatures. The electric-field dependence of the mobility in the single-grain OFET does not show a Poole-Frenkel-like behavior. This indicates that Poole-Frenkel-like behavior observed in conventional OFETs can be attributed to the disorder of molecules; single-grain OFET is free from such disorders.
THE KAOLIN CLOTTING TIME (1958)

<h3>Background</h3> Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by autonomic dysfunction with parkinsonism (MSAp) or cerebellar (MSAc) symptoms. At autopsy, α-synuclein inclusions in glial cells of the brain are needed to confirm a definite diagnosis. We determined the 10 year incidence of MSA, point prevalence and survival in a well defined population with a high number of neurologists. <h3>Methods</h3> Cases were identified from the only neurology department and all practising neurologists in Iceland, over a 10 year period. The diagnosis of MSA was in accordance with the Second Consensus Criteria of MSA. <h3>Findings</h3> 19 incidence cases were diagnosed with MSA (11 women, eight men) during the study period, giving an average annual incidence of 0.7:100 000 (95% CI 0.4 to 1.1). Ten cases were alive on the prevalence day, giving a point prevalence of 3.4:100 000 (95% CI 1.6 to 6.3). 16 of the cases had probable and three possible MSA; 16 had MSAp and three had MSAc. Mean age at symptom onset was 65 years and mean age at diagnosis was 68 years. Patients were followed for an average of 31 months, and 15 died during the follow-up period. Survival from symptom onset was mean 5.7 years. The 1 and 5 year survival rates from diagnosis were 74% and 28%, respectively. <h3>Interpretation</h3> We reported on the incidence of MSA (both MSAp and MSAc) in a nationwide study where a definite diagnosis of MSA was confirmed in four out of five patients autopsied. We found survival to be shorter than reported in other studies.