gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Byron Unit 1 high temperature chemical cleaning (1995)

The secondary side of the Byron Nuclear Station, Unit 1 steam generators were successfully chemically cleaned in September 1994, using the BWNT/Framatome high-temperature chemical cleaning process. This cleaning was the first North American application that used plant heat for process temperature control. The primary purpose of the cleaning was to remove bulk deposits and deposits from the drilled tube-to-tube support plate crevices of the Westinghouse D4 steam generators. Crevice deposit removal was targeted to mitigate initiation of new corrosion defects and the propagation of existing defects. The process application scenario and plant interface equipment were designed to maximize effectiveness while minimizing corrosion, waste volumes, and critical path time. A total of over 15,383 pounds (6,992 kilograms) of material was removed from the four steam generators during the chemical cleaning. Post-cleaning visual inspections showed the steam generators to be very clean. Some quantity (30% to 60%) of deposits remained in crevice areas. One indication of successful crevice magnetite removal was very clean and crisp eddy-current signals in the tube support plate region. Corrosion to steam generator materials resulting from the cleaning was less than 2.5 mils (63.5 {micro}m) and consumed less than 20% of the available corrosion allowance.
Photosynthetic production of 2-methyl-1-butanol from CO2 in cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 and characterization of the native acetohydroxyacid synthase (2012)

Direct conversion of CO2 to bio-based fuels and chemicals has emerged as a significant thrust to address the energy and environmental concerns caused by over-reliance on fossil fuels and the increasing level of atmospheric CO2. Here we report the first photosynthetic production of 2-methyl-1-butanol (2MB), an energy-dense fuel molecule, from CO2 in the genetically engineered cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942. 2MB is synthesized through the isoleucine pathway by decarboxylation of 2-keto-3-methylvalerate followed by reduction and has been produced from glucose by recombinant Escherichia coli with 1-propanol and isobutanol as the major by-products. However, direct photosynthetic production of 2MB from CO2 has not been reported. In this work, introduction of a ketoacid decarboxylase (Kivd), an alcohol dehydrogenase (YqhD), and the citramalate pathway, which produces the isoleucine precursor 2-ketobutyrate (2KB), in S. elongatus PCC7942 successfully redirected the flux to 2MB biosynthesis with significant productivity (an average of 20 mg per L per day). Interestingly, the native isoleucine pathway activity was able to compete with the overexpressed Kivd activity for the same substrate 2KB, such that 1-propanol formation was minimal. Kinetic analysis of the key enzyme in the isoleucine pathway, acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) from S. elongatus PCC7942, yielded a Vmax(2KB) of 1.21 ± 0.03 U mg−1 and a Km(2KB) of 1.9 ± 0.3 mM using the purified protein and demonstrated preferential selectivity towards 2KB. The final titer of 2MB reached 200 mg L−1 in 12 days with minor accumulation of other alcohols. The high in vivo activity of the native S. elongatus PCC7942 AHAS suggests the advantage of utilizing branched-chain amino acid pathways in this organism for the production of fuels and chemicals.
Reactions of hydrogen peroxide with metal complexes. 2. Kinetic studies on the peroxo complex formation of nitrilotriacetatodioxovanadate(V) and dioxo(2,6-pyridinedicarboxylato)vanadate(V) (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of hydrogen peroxide with metal complexes. 2. Kinetic studies on the peroxo complex formation of nitrilotriacetatodioxovanadate(V) and dioxo(2,6-pyridinedicarboxylato)vanadate(V)Shigenobu. Funahashi, Kensaku. Haraguchi, and Motoharu. TanakaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1977, 16, 6, 1349–1353Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50172a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50172a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views282Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficacy of Cancellous Block Allograft Augmentation Prior to Implant Placement in the Posterior Atrophic Mandible (2009)

Implant placement in the posterior atrophic mandible following augmentation with cancellous freeze-dried bone block allografts may be regarded as a viable treatment alternative.
538. Transient Non-Viral RNA Delivery Mediated by a Lentiviral Particle (2016)

Safe and efficient gene therapies including gene-targeting technologies are very challenging but very promising approaches nowadays. The scientific and clinical communities have been working for a long time together to encounter substantial clinical advances they have made possible thanks to numerous improvements in cell culture and gene transfer methods. Opportunities to improve gene transfer into primary or stem cells involve a better design of the vectors used. Such improvements must lead to an increase of the transduction efficiency including the percentage of positive cells, as well as a better level and duration of expression, cell phenotype preservation and the number of genes delivered.. Lentiviral vectors have seen their use largely increased in clinical protocols over the past few years but safety concerns have been highlighted. First, the permanent genetic modification remains a focus of significant regulatory oversight and even integrase- or reverse transcriptase-deficient lentiviral vectors leads to residual integration events. Moreover, all the gene-editing technologies entail a “hit-and-run” mechanism that requires only a transient expression of the nuclease complex. In parallel, mRNA delivery is a versatile, flexible, and safe mean for protein therapies but chemical or electroporation-based transfection protocols are known to induce cell toxicity and phenotype modifications of the target cells. Here, we describe a new chimeric lentiviral platform that allows mRNA delivery into the target cells without any genomic signature. The respective properties of the MS2 bacteriophage and the lentiviral vectors have been combined to build a non-integrative packaging system in which the wild type HIV packaging sequence is replaced by the MS2 stem-loop repeats and the MS2 Coat sequence is inserted into the NucleoCapsid sequence. The resulting lentiviral particle is able to deliver a non-viral RNA into the cytoplasm of target cells, directly available for protein translation. Transduction of immortalized cells but also of T cells and HSC with these RNA lentiviral particles (RLP) shows an efficient, fast and transient expression of both reporters and functional proteins such as genome editing enzymes. Particles structure and functionality, cell transduction and characterization of such engineered cells have been compared with those obtained with an integrative lentiviral vector. Particularly by recruiting the RNA independently of dimerization with more than four molecules per particles, RLPs allow the cotransfer of different species of RNA into target cells. This new delivery system is a great candidate handle the safe and clinically suitable delivery of the editing machinery, which can transiently act without inducing cellular toxicity or immunogenicity.
Investigation of surface roughening of low-k films during etching using fluorocarbon plasma beams (2006)

The surface roughness evolution of solid organosilicate glass (OSG) and methylsilsesquioxane spin-on porous low-k films after etching in C2F6∕Ar plasmas was characterized as a function of ion bombardment energy, ion fluence reaching the surface (or, equivalently, the etching time), ion impingement angle, and plasma polymerization propensity in a newly designed plasma beam system in which the plasma chemistry, ion energy, ion flux, and ion incident angle can be adjusted independently. A polymerization-induced micromasking mechanism was proposed to explain the surface roughening of these low-k films. The porous structure in the substrate plays a critical role in the film roughening evolution. This effect can be understood using the concept of pore filling with polymeric deposits that etch more slowly under fluorocarbon plasma exposure. Upon exposure to etching, the polymer forms micromasks that induce roughening. Under the same etching conditions, the solid OSG film remains smooth during etching because only a fairly thin and uniform layer of polymer deposits on the surface of solid OSG substrates during the etching in C2F6∕Ar plasmas. Consequently, the inhomogeneity caused by the polymer deposition is not sufficient to induce micromasking in the absence of surface inhomogeneities. Additionally, the roughness level of the porous low-k film etched in C2F6∕Ar plasma is primarily related to the film thickness removed, although it also increases with the ion bombardment energy; no similar trend was observed on nonporous OSG films under the same etching conditions. Striations formed when etching porous low-k films at grazing angles. The striation formation is mainly due to shadowing effects, although conditions of net polymer deposition quenched the striation formation.
Hyperspectral image correlation for monitoring membrane protein dynamics in living cells (2009)

Temporal image correlation provides a powerful fluorescence technique for measuring several biologically relevant parameters of molecules in living cells. These parameters include, but are not limited to local concentrations, diffusion dynamics, and aggregation states of biomolecules. However, the complex cellular environment presents several limitations, precluding high quantitative accuracy and constraining biological implementation. In order to address these issues, high speed spectral imaging was employed to compare the results of image correlation from spectrally unmixed and virtually implemented fluorescence emission filters. Of particular interest in this study is the impact of cellular autofluorescence, which is ubiquitous in fluorescence imaging of cells and tissues. Using traditional instrumentation, corrections for autofluorescence are commonly estimated as a static offset collected from a separate control specimen. While this may be sufficient in highly homogenous regions of interest, the low analyte concentrations requisite to fluctuation-based methods result in the potential for unbounded error resulting from spectral cross-talk between local autofluorescence inhomogeneities and the fluorescence signal of interest. Thus we demonstrate the importance of accurate autofluorescence characterization and discuss potential corrections using a case study focusing on fluorescence confocal spectral imaging of immune cells before and after stimulation with lipopolysaccheride (LPS). In these experiments, binding of LPS to the membrane receptor, YFP-TLR4, is observed to result in initiation of the immune response characterized by altered receptor diffusion dynamics and apparent heterogeneous aggregation states. In addition to characterizing errors resulting from autofluorescence spectral bleed-through, we present data leading to a deeper understanding of the molecular dynamics of the immune response and suggest hypotheses for future work utilizing hyperspectrally enabled multi-label fluorescence studies on this system of high biological import.
A INFORMÁTICA NO PROCESSO ENSINO- APRENDIZAGEM: CONTRIBUINDO PARA UMA NOVA ESCOLA (2003)

Este artigo tem o objetivo de discutir e analisar as relacoes entre o processo ensino-aprendizagem e o uso das Novas Tecnologias em Educacao. A partir deste espaco, apontaremos as possibilidades e os limites do uso do computador em sala de aula, bem como a importância da Formacao do Professor visando a verdadeira integracao da tecnologia as praticas educacionais.
Highly Enantioselective Phenyl Transfer to Aryl Aldehydes Catalyzed by Easily Accessible Chiral Tertiary Aminonaphthol (2005)

A new chiral tertiary aminonaphthol ligand 3b served as a highly efficient ligand for the asymmetric catalytic phenyl transfer to aromatic aldehydes and a variety of chiral diarylmethanols was prepared in high ee values (ee up to 99%) and chemical yields. The straightforward syntheses of both 3b and its enantiomer provide an excellent opportunity for large-scale applications.
Experiments of highly emissive metal–oxide–semiconductor electron tunneling cathode (1996)

An effective mean-free path of hot electrons in the conduction band of SiO2 in a Si-gate metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) electron tunneling cathode was measured and found to be about 0.7 nm. Following these observations, we proposed and fabricated a depletion gate MOS electron tunneling cathode. The highest transfer ratio of 13.3% was achieved in the cathode at the low emission current level, which was considerably higher than that of tunneling cathodes studied in the past. However, the ratio decreased drastically at high current due to the hole injection into the depletion region from the gate.
Signatures of mutation and selection in the cancer genome (2010)

The cancer genome is moulded by the dual processes of somatic mutation and selection. Homozygous deletions in cancer genomes occur over recessive cancer genes, where they can confer selective growth advantage, and over fragile sites, where they are thought to reflect an increased local rate of DNA breakage. However, most homozygous deletions in cancer genomes are unexplained. Here we identified 2,428 somatic homozygous deletions in 746 cancer cell lines. These overlie 11% of protein-coding genes that, therefore, are not mandatory for survival of human cells. We derived structural signatures that distinguish between homozygous deletions over recessive cancer genes and fragile sites. Application to clusters of unexplained homozygous deletions suggests that many are in regions of inherent fragility, whereas a small subset overlies recessive cancer genes. The results illustrate how structural signatures can be used to distinguish between the influences of mutation and selection in cancer genomes. The extensive copy number, genotyping, sequence and expression data available for this large series of publicly available cancer cell lines renders them informative reagents for future studies of cancer biology and drug discovery.
Journey to Justice (2010)

From a displaced family released from a wartime relocation camp to the California State Assembly, the author traces her journey to justice by way of social work.
Minimization algorithms for multiple-valued programmable logic arrays (1991)

The performance of various heuristic algorithms for minimizing realizations of multiple-valued functions by the charge-coupled device (CCD) and CMOS programmable logic arrays (PLAs) of H.G. Kerkhoff and J.T. Butler (1986) and J.G. Samson (1988), respectively, is analyzed. The functions realized by the PLAs are in sum-of products form, where the sum is ordinary addition truncated to the highest logic value and the product represents the MIN operation of functions of the input variables that are the interval literal operations. Three heuristics, proposed by G. Pomper and J.A. Armstrong (1981), P.W. Besslich (1986), and G.W. Dueck and D.M. Miller (1987), are compared over sets of random and random-symmetric functions. An exact minimization method that is a tree search using backtracking is described. A reduction in the search space is achieved by considering constrained implicant sets and by eliminating some implicants altogether. Even with this improvement, the time required for exact minimization is extremely high when compared to all three heuristics. The case involving only prime implicants is considered, and it is shown that such implicants have marginal value compared to constrained implicant sets. The basis of comparison is the average number of product terms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Workload-aware live storage migration for clouds (2011)

The emerging open cloud computing model will provide users with great freedom to dynamically migrate virtualized computing services to, from, and between clouds over the wide-area. While this freedom leads to many potential benefits, the running services must be minimally disrupted by the migration. Unfortunately, current solutions for wide-area migration incur too much disruption as they will significantly slow down storage I/O operations during migration. The resulting increase in service latency could be very costly to a business. This paper presents a novel storage migration scheduling algorithm that can greatly improve storage I/O performance during wide-area migration. Our algorithm is unique in that it considers individual virtual machine's storage I/O workload such as temporal locality, spatial locality and popularity characteristics to compute an efficient data transfer schedule. Using a fully implemented system on KVM and a trace-driven framework, we show that our algorithm provides large performance benefits across a wide range of popular virtual machine workloads.
Ultra-Compact DWDM Filter Tunable Across the C-band (2019)

We demonstrate a third-order cascaded microring filter with 2.5μm-radius resonators, showing a flat-top response and a 35-nm free spectral range. Continuous wavelength tuning over the C-band has been achieved.
Molecular Detection and Identification of<i>Brettanomyces</i>/<i>Dekkera bruxellensis</i>and<i>Brettanomyces</i>/<i>Dekkera anomalus</i>in Spoiled Wines (2004)

In this paper we describe the development of a PCR protocol to specifically detect Brettanomyces bruxellensis and B. anomalus. Primers DB90F and DB394R, targeting the D1-D2 loop of the 26S rRNA gene, were able to produce amplicons only when the DNA from these two species were used. No amplification product was obtained when DNA from other Brettanomyces spp. or wine yeasts were used as the templates. The 305-bp product was subjected to restriction enzyme analysis with DdeI to differentiate between B. bruxellensis and B. anomalus, and each species could be identified on the basis of the different restriction profiles. After optimization of the method by using strains from international collections, wine isolates were tested with the method proposed. Total agreement between traditional identification and molecular identification was observed. The protocol developed was also used for direct detection of B. bruxellensis and B. anomalus in wines suspected to be spoiled by Brettanomyces spp. Application of culture-based and molecular methods led us to the conclusion that 8 of 12 samples were spoiled by B. bruxellensis. Results based on the application of molecular methods suggested that two of the eight positive samples had been infected more recently, since specific signals were obtained at both the DNA and RNA levels.
Development and evaluation of a system to assess the effect of footwear on the in shoe plantar pressure and shear during gait (2014)

In this paper, we propose a system to assess the effect of footwear on the in-shoe plantar pressure and shear during gait. In our previous study, we developed a system for measuring the plantar pressure and shear inside footwear using specialized shoes and insoles with sensors. In this study, based on the previous study, 1) we realized a method to measure directly the in-shoe plantar pressure and shear applied from footwear, 2) verified the validity and reliability of the method and 3) evaluated the ability of the system to assess the effect of footwear by measurements with multiple subjects and various footwear. The reliability and validity were demonstrated by comparison with our previous system. From the evaluation of the newly developed system, we found four suggestions as the following; a) Footwear does not always reduce the pressure and shear force. b) Fixing the instep with shoelace or straps is effective in the reduction of shear force on risk regions of plantar. c) People with callus show significantly higher peak shear force (3.31 ± 0.78 (kgf)) than people without callus (2.03 ± 0.42 (kgf)) when they walk with their usual wearing shoes (p < 0.01). But in barefoot walking, there is no significant difference (2.59 ± 1.08 (kgf) versus 2.67 ± 0.99 (kgf), (p = 0.66)). d) People with callus can reduce the shear force by changing footwear. The system employed in this study can be used for assessing the effect of the intervention such as footwear or instruction of a walk.