gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regeneration and Genetic Transformation of Tossa Jute ('Corchorus olitorius L.') (2009)

The experiment was conducted to establish an efficient and reproducible protocol for the plant regeneration and genetic transformation, which can be used for the improvement of tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.). It was demonstrated that the percent of seeds germination in agar based medium found to be very low (43.1%) , as compared to clinical cotton supported MS liquid medium, which was found to be very high (97.6%) and the highest percentage of root initiation was recorded for the variety O-9897 (53.6%) which was statistically identical by variety O-72 (49.4%) .The performance of varieties in A. tumefaciens showed significant difference in respect of number of explants produced shoot and percent shoot regeneration. Variety O-9897 gave the best performance as compared to variety O-72. In transformed explants, GUS reporter gene was expressed showing blue color in the explant tissues. Non-transformed explants did not show any color. Variety O-9897 showed the highest response to GUS assay (86.6%) as compared to O-72 (80.0%). This efficent regeneration and transformation system can be further used for the improvement of Jute quality using other useful genes.
Object-Relational Mapping as a Persistence Mechanism for Object-Oriented Applications (2007)

Many object-oriented applications created today, especially Web applications, use relational databases for persistence. Often there is a straightforward correspondence between database tables on the one hand and application classes on the other. Application developers usually write a great deal of code to connect to and query the database, code which differs little from class to class and is often tedious to write. Moreover, the parallel class and table structures constitute a duplication of information, which requires duplication of work and increases the likelihood of errors. Ideally, we could automate this duplication, rendering it invisible to developers. This is the idea behind object-relational mapping (ORM), which achieves the mapping between the object-oriented world and the relational world automatically. Many existing ORM tools do not realize the goal of fully transparent persistence, however, and ORM tools have not become pervasive in the software industry. We survey ORM technology, probing issues of ORM system architecture and examining real-world ORM systems. We consider the state of the art in ORM, asking why it is not more popular than it is and anticipating the future course of ORM system development.
Isolation and characterization of resident stromal macrophages and hematopoietic cell clusters from mouse bone marrow. (1985)

In situ studies with the mouse macrophage (M phi)-specific antibody, F4/80, have shown that resident M phi in femoral bone marrow (RBMM) form hematopoietic islands with immature myelomonocytic and erythroid cells (Hume, D. A., et al. 1983. J. Exp. Med. 158: 1522). We have isolated these islands (clusters) by collagenase digestion, purified them from single cells by velocity sedimentation, and analyzed their cellular content. The clusters, ranging from 5- to 100 cells, constituted approximately 7% of the total nucleated cells, and greater than 70% contained at least one strongly staining, F4/80+ central M phi. In comparison, less than 26% showed reactivity for alkaline phosphatase, a marker of fibroblastoid reticulum cells. Compared with the nonclustering population, clusters were enriched with RBMM, fibroblastoid cells, and immature hematopoietic cells, but depleted of mature granulocytes and erythrocytes. The RBMM population was purified from other cells in clusters by selective adherence to glass and was compared with resident peritoneal M phi (RPM) for morphology and the presence of antigens, receptors, and enzymes. RBMM spread more extensively than RPM and frequently extended delicate plasma membrane processes. These and subsequent differences were not attributable to the collagenase treatment. Both M phi populations stained positively with antibodies F4/80 and 2.4G2 (Fc receptor IgG1/2b), bore mannosyl/fucosyl receptors, and showed reactivity for acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase I. In contrast to RPM, RBMM had no detectable Mac-1 antigen (CR3) or complement receptors, but bore higher levels of Fc receptors (IgG2a and IgG2b) and Ia antigens. In addition, RBMM possessed a novel hemagglutinin activity for unopsonized sheep erythrocytes, which was not present on RPM. RBMM showed no respiratory burst activity in response to zymosan particles, but ingested them avidly. The growth properties of clustering and nonclustered populations were compared by measurement of [3H]thymidine incorporation and progenitor assays. Cells in clusters incorporated three- to fourfold more thymidine than nonclustered cells even in the absence of exogenous growth factors, and autoradiography demonstrated that RBMM made contact with proliferating cells. In contrast, the clusters contained over threefold fewer granulocyte/M phi progenitors compared with nonclustering cells. When clusters were cultivated for up to 3 d, there was rapid outgrowth of monocytes and fibroblastoid cells. These studies demonstrate that RBMM bear a distinct morphology and phenotype.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Narrowband weak signal detection by higher order spectrum (1996)

A study of narrowband weak signal detection by higher order spectrum (HOS) using real signals and real noise, rather than just Gaussian noise, is presented. Noisy real signals are processed using various HOS techniques. We propose to look at the diagonal slices of the bispectrum and the trispectrum as possible substitutes for the power spectrum. The result of applying these slices to weak, real signals is surprisingly good. The dramatic improvements are presented for visual inspection. The performance of the various techniques are then compared quantitatively for different signal-to-noise ratios. The diagonal slices prove to be fast and robust techniques for weak signal detection.
Porkkanaraasteesta laaja Y. pseudotuberculosis -epidemia (2003)

Nuoret aikuiset syvt selvsti enemmn pastaa, pizzaa ja valkoista leip
Control of the band-gap shift in quantum-well intermixing using a germanium interlayer (2000)

A simple technique for controlling the shift in band gap in AlGaAs/GaAs and InGaAs/GaAs quantum-well (QW) structures is reported. It involves the evaporation of a thin Ge layer and then covering it with spin-on silica followed by rapid thermal annealing. The quantum-well intermixing was suppressed in the presence of this Ge layer between the sample surface and the spin-on silica. The interdiffusion rate was reduced by more than one order of magnitude compared to that without the Ge interlayer. The blueshift of the band gap can be controlled by varying the thickness of the Ge interlayer. A differential band-gap shift of more than 100 meV can be achieved with a 500 Å Ge interlayer for both the AlGaAs/GaAs and InGaAs/GaAs QW structures. The optical quality of the material was not deteriorated by the Ge cover compared to the SiO2 cover as seen from the photoluminescence intensity and spectral linewidth. Using an appropriate mask, this technique has the potential to tune the band gap in selected areas across a single wafer.
Research and Development of Advanced Composite Materials for Gas Turbine Applications. (1996)

Composite materials offer many advantages when compared to an unreinforced matrix. The major advantage appears to be the ability to tailor mechanical and physical properties to meet specific needs.Research and development of composite materials for gas turbine applications are being carried out by Research Institute of Advanced Material Gas-Generator. This paper introduces the outline of this project and presents outcome from initial three years of the program mainly manufacturing process deveropment of the gas turbine components of the composites.
Thermal Abuse Modeling of Li-Ion Cells and Propagation in Modules (Presentation) (2008)

The objectives of this paper are: (1) continue to explore thermal abuse behaviors of Li-ion cells and modules that are affected by local conditions of heat and materials; (2) use the 3D Li-ion battery thermal abuse 'reaction' model developed for cells to explore the impact of the location of internal short, its heating rate, and thermal properties of the cell; (3) continue to understand the mechanisms and interactions between heat transfer and chemical reactions during thermal runaway for Li-ion cells and modules; and (4) explore the use of the developed methodology to support the design of abuse-tolerant Li-ion battery systems.
Three separate classes of bacterial ice nucleation structures (1990)

Studies of the properties of the ice nucleation structure exposed on the surfaces of various bacteria such as Pseudomonas syringae, Erwinia herbicola, or various strains of Ice+ recombinant Escherichia coli have shown that there are clearly three major related but chemically distinct types of structures on these cells. First, the ability of Ice+ cells to nucleate super-cooled D2O has been examined, and it has been found that this ability (relative to the ability of the same cells to nucleate super-cooled H2O) exhibited three characteristic nucleating patterns. The rarest structure, called class A, is found on only a small fraction of cells in a culture, nucleates H2O at temperatures above -4.4 degrees C, and is an effective nucleator of super-cooled D2O. A second class of structure, called class B, is found on a larger portion of the cells, nucleates H2O between -4.8 and -5.7 degrees C, and is a relatively poor nucleator of super-cooled D2O. The class C structure is found on almost all cells and nucleates at -7.6 degrees C or colder. These three classes of structures were also differentiated by their sensitivities to low concentrations of water-miscible organic solvents such as dioxane or dimethyl sulfoxide. Depending on the specific bacterial strain, the addition of these solvents to bacterial suspensions lowered the nucleation activity of the class A structure by 1,000-fold or more. The nucleation activities of class B structures in the same culture were highly resistant to these compounds and were lowered only by 20 to 40%. The class C structures were more sensitive than Class B structures were, and the nucleation activities decreased 70 to 90%. Finally, the pH sensitivity of these three classes of structures was examined. The class A structure was destroyed in buffers at pH 4.5 lower but was stable in buffers at higher pHs. The class B structure was less sensitive to acidic buffers but was destroyed at pH 5.5 or lower and was stable at higher pHs. However, the class C structure was unaffected by incubation in buffers with pHs of 3.5 to 9.0. Suggestions for the actual nucleation structures of the three classes are proposed.
Adaptive Data Placement in an Embedded Multiprocessor Thread Library (2006)

Embedded multiprocessors pose new challenges in the design and implementation of embedded software. This has led to the need for programming interfaces that expose the capabilities of the underlying hardware. In addition, for systems that implement applications consisting of multiple concurrent threads of computation, the optimized management of inter-thread communication is crucial for realizing high-performance. This paper presents the design of an application-adaptive thread library that conforms to the IEEE POSIX 1003.1c threading standard (Pthreads). The library adapts the placement of both explicitly marked application data objects, as well as implicitly created data objects, in a physically distributed on-chip memory architecture, based on the application's data access characteristics
Intelligent hubs (1993)

From the Publisher:
Better understand the current and emerging roles of intelligent hubs and find out how you can use them to effectively build, integrate, and manage various networks and services. You'll find a comprehensive description of the hub applications, architectures, and technologies associated with management systems. The book provides you with a guide for product comparisons and discussions with vendors, as well as useful advice on planning and product evaluation.
Plasma Copolymerization of Tetrafluoroethylene/Hexamethyldisiloxane and In Situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of Its Gas Phase (1999)

Plasma copolymerization of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO, (CH 3 ) 3 -Si-O-Si-(CH 3 ) 3 ) and tetrafluoroethylene (CF 2 =CF 2 ) was performed using an RF plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, for its application to low dielectric constant intermetal dielectrics. Film structure was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Film composition was controlled gradually from that of fluorinated carbon to organic siloxane by changing the HMDSO mixing ratio. The films possessed a dielectric constant of less than 2.5 for an HMDSO mixing ratio of less than 10%. Thermal treatment of the films revealed that the C-F n , Si-O-Si, Si-(CH 3 ) n and Si-(CH 2 ) n -Si bonds were stable to 400°C, but the C-H 2 bonds were not. In situ gas-phase FT-IR spectroscopy was also performed on the plasma, and the reaction mechanisms are discussed.
Single mode emitter array laser bars for high-brightness applications (2005)

Single mode emitter array laser bars with >50 W output power from 50 narrow stripe emitters >100 W from 200 emitters at improved beam quality is presented covering the 9xx nm wavelength range.
Inkjet printing as a tool for the patterned deposition of octadecylsiloxane monolayers on silicon oxide surfaces (2013)

We present a case study about inkjet printing as a tool for molecular patterning of silicon oxide surfaces with hydrophobic functionality, mediated by n-octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) molecules. In contrast to state-of-the-art techniques such as micro contact printing or chemical immersion with subsequent lithography processes, piezo drop-on-demand inkjet printing does not depend on physical masters, which allows an effective direct-write patterning of rigid or flexible substrates and enables short run-lengths of the individual pattern. In this paper, we used mesithylene-based OTS inks, jetted them in droplets of 10 pL on a silicon oxide surface, evaluated the water contact angle of the patterned areas and fitted the results with Cassie's law. For inks of 2.0 mM OTS concentration, we found that effective area coverages of 38% can be obtained. Our results hence show that contact times of the order of hundred milliseconds are sufficient to form a pattern of regions with OTS molecules adsorbed to the surface, representing at least a fragmented, inhomogeneous self-assembled OTS monolayer (OTS-SAM).
Interactive Kanban — Blending Digital and Physical Resources for Collaborative Project Based Learning (2017)

Using team projects for teaching agile product development processes requires regular task status reports, following evaluation and further planning. In such scenarios, task boards (like Kanban) provide the most efficient means of centralized team tracking with frequent task status updates. Regular task boards are physical equipment (i.e. whiteboards) having the working area divided in task status zones (i.e. to do, done, in progress), while tasks are noted down on cardboards and then pined to the board. The current paper proposes an improvement in the process of teaching and tracking product development processes classes by implementing a computer-aided task board with real time tracking features. Tickets are defined and created online, then printed and pinned to the physical task board and tracked by a camera. Processing is applied to detect any changes in board status, with real-time update online. The advantages of the proposed blended solution are discussed.
Making Waves in Engineering Mathematics Teaching: The Benefits of Scientific Notebook (1998)

Scientific Notebook is a combined word-processing and computer-algebra package that can be used both in the classroom and in the computer laboratory to graph functions and to perform routine mathematical calculations. In this paper we describe how the use of Scientific Notebook has been integrated into the teaching of engineering calculus at Edith Cowan University. We will illustrate our approach with examples from hydrodynamics, including the flow past a circular obstacle and flow past a Joukowski airfoil.
Antibody Targeting of the CC Chemokine Ligand 5 Results in Diminished Leukocyte Infiltration into the Central Nervous System and Reduced Neurologic Disease in a Viral Model of Multiple Sclerosis (2004)

Intracerebral infection of mice with mouse hepatitis virus, a member of the Coronaviridae family, reproducibly results in an acute encephalomyelitis that progresses to a chronic demyelinating disease. The ensuing neuropathology during the chronic stage of disease is primarily immune mediated and similar to that of the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis. Secretion of chemokines within the CNS signals the infiltration of leukocytes, which results in destruction of white matter and neurological impairment. The CC chemokine ligand (CCL)5 is localized in white matter tracts undergoing demyelination, suggesting that this chemokine participates in the pathogenesis of disease by attracting inflammatory cells into the CNS. In this study, we administer a mAb directed against CCL5 to mice with established mouse hepatitis virus-induced demyelination and impaired motor skills. Anti-CCL5 treatment decreased T cell accumulation within the CNS based, in part, on viral Ag specificity, indicating the ability to differentially target select populations of T cells. In addition, administration of anti-CCL5 improved neurological function and significantly (p < or = 0.005) reduced the severity of demyelination and macrophage accumulation within the CNS. These results demonstrate that the severity of CNS disease can be reduced through the use of a neutralizing mAb directed against CCL5 in a viral model of demyelination.
Simultaneous Measurement of Surface Wave Dispersion and Attenuation Curves (2001)

Abstract In existing surface wave test procedures, experimental dispersion and attenuation curves are determined separately (i.e., uncoupled) using different source-receiver configurations and different interpretation methods. A new procedure based on displacement transfer functions is proposed in which dispersion and attenuation data are derived simultaneously (i.e., coupled) from a single set of measurements using the same source-receiver array. The new approach is motivated by the recognition that in dissipative media, Rayleigh phase velocity and attenuation are not independent as a result of material dispersion. Therefore, a coupled analysis of dispersion and attenuation is a more robust, fundamentally correct approach. The new approach is also more consistent with coupled inversion techniques to obtain the shear wave velocity and shear damping ratio profiles. The proposed approach is illustrated using data measured at a site in Atlanta, Georgia.
Genetic alterations in human gastric cancer. (1991)

Most types of human tumors display a consistent set of genetic alterations that are thought to play a role in tumor development and progression. In the case of gastric carcinomas, consistent genetic changes have been difficult to identify because (1) the tumor DNA samples are often heavily contaminated with DNA from normal stromal cells and (2) the tumors are heterogeneous in origin. However, with the recent application of more refined molecular genetic techniques, it has become clear that gastric carcinomas display some of the same genetic alterations observed in other common carcinomas. These changes include point mutation of the ras oncogene and the p53 tumor suppressor gene, gene amplification, and chromosomal loss of heterozygosity.
Spatial distribution of reaction products in positive tone chemically amplified resists (2002)

The perpetual advancement of materials and equipment for microlithography has resulted in the ability to print critical dimensions that approach the size of the molecules that make up photoresists. As a result, molecular scale effects such as line edge roughness have become a concern for both resist manufacturers and process engineers. In this work we have investigated the increasing importance of molecular level effects, especially in terms of the contributions of the exposure and postexposure bake (PEB) steps to spatial variations in film composition. A mesoscale simulation of the PEB was used to model the discrete mass transport and reaction events that create the changes in film composition responsible for resist function. Local irregularities in resist composition are generated during the PEB, the magnitude of which can be related to the local concentration of acid. This study is focused on the establishment of an understanding of the effects of process and composition variables on the reaction product distribution. The reaction product distribution was calculated for an APEX®-like resist under a variety of exposure and bake conditions. These process variables have a profound influence on spatial irregularities in the composition gradient. Ultimately, it is the interaction of this reaction product distribution with the development process that will determine line edge roughness.
Diminished Growth and Enhanced Glucose Metabolism in Triple Knockout Mice Containing Mutations of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3, -4, and -5 (2006)

IGF-I and IGF-II are essential regulators of mammalian growth, development and metabolism, whose actions are modified by six high-affinity IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). New lines of knockout (KO) mice lacking either IGFBP-3, -4, or -5 had no apparent deficiencies in growth or metabolism beyond a modest growth impairment (approximately 85-90% of wild type) when IGFBP-4 was eliminated. To continue to address the roles of these proteins in whole animal physiology, we generated combinational IGFBP KO mice. Mice homozygous for targeted defects in IGFBP-3, -4, and -5 remain viable and at birth were the same size as IGFBP-4 KO mice. Unlike IGFBP-4 KO mice, however, the triple KO mice became significantly smaller by adulthood (78% wild type) and had significant reductions in fat pad accumulation (P < 0.05), circulating levels of total IGF-I (45% of wild type; P < 0.05) and IGF-I bioactivity (37% of wild type; P < 0.05). Metabolically, triple KO mice showed normal insulin tolerance, but a 37% expansion (P < 0.05) of beta-cell number and significantly increased insulin secretion after glucose challenge, which leads to enhanced glucose disposal. Finally, triple KO mice demonstrated a tissue-specific decline in activation of the Erk signaling pathway as well as weight of the quadriceps muscle. Taken together, these data provide direct evidence for combinatorial effects of IGFBP-3, -4, and -5 in both metabolism and at least some soft tissues and strongly suggest overlapping roles for IGFBP-3 and -5 in maintaining IGF-I-mediated postnatal growth in mice.