gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4‐δ</sub> and LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Cathodes Having Two Crystallographic Structures: Fd$\bar 3$m and P4<sub>3</sub>32. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Vitamin status, immunity and infections in an elderly population. (1989)

The relations between vitamin status and immunological parameters or number of infections have been investigated in self-sufficient healthy individuals aged 60 and over. A total of 411 subjects agreed to participate, but 202 were discarded from the main statistical analysis since they could have had their immune or nutritional status modified by a recent infection, vaccination or drug consumption. Plasma concentrations of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and vitamin B6 were determined. Three indices of cellular immunity were measured: percentages of T-cell subsets, lymphoproliferative response to phytohaemaglutinin and delayed-type hypersensitivity to 7 ubiquitous antigens. A questionnaire about past infections was presented. Two results, supported by previous experimental observations, should be underlined. Vitamin B6 status was positively related to percentages of T-cell subsets: the lowest percentages of CD5 and CD4 cells were observed in the low B6 status group (50.6 and 32.6 per cent) and the highest percentages in the high B6 status group (62.0 and 41.0 per cent), with intermediate values in the medium group (57.6 and 39.5 per cent). Vitamin E status was negatively related to the number of past infections: subjects with a high alpha-tocopherol plasma concentration had fewer infections during the last 3 years (1.0) than those with a medium (2.2) or a low (2.3) concentration. In spite of these two observations, cellular immunity did not seem to be strongly related to vitamin status in the supposedly healthy population studied.
Correction of metabolic acidosis improves muscle mass and renal function in chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4: a randomized controlled trial (2018)

Alkali supplementation to increase venous bicarbonate levels to 24-26 mEq/L is associated with preservation of LBM and kidney function in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4.
Final results of a phase II study of weekly trabectedin in second/third line ovarian carcinoma (2005)

5011 Background: Trabectedin (Yondelis, ET-743) is a marine-derived compound, which binds to the minor groove of DNA and is active at nM concentrations. Trabectedin is thought to act through transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair system. Methods: In October ‘02, a multicenter phase II study in patients with advanced ovarian cancer was initiated, using a weekly schedule of trabectedin (0.58 mg/m2 IV) for three weeks followed by a week of rest. All treated patients were premedicated with dexamethasone. Major eligibility criteria included measurable disease and no more than 2 platinum (Pt) containing regimens. Treatment free interval (± 6 months) defined the Pt sensitive (≥ 6 months) and Pt resistant (<6months) groups. Results: In the Pt sensitive group 55 patients were treated; the median RDI for the first 6 cycles was 80.5%. Out of 52 evaluable patients the response rate was 28.8% (95% CI:17.1, 43.1%) (4 CR). The median PFS was 5.1 months (95% CI:3.1, 6.5). In the Pt resistant group 64 patients were treated; the median RDI for the first 6 cycles was 86.4%. Out of 62 evaluable patients the response rate was 4.8% (95% CI:1.0, 13.5%). The median PFS was 2.0 months (95% CI:1.7, 3.5). A total of 448 cycles were administered and 74 cycles were delayed (43 related to adverse events). The grade 3–4 toxicities in pooled cycles were reversible liver ALT elevation (12%), neutropenia (8%), fatigue (5%), and nausea/vomiting (4%). Conclusions: This study confirms the activity of trabectedin in ovarian cancer. The good safety profile of this weekly regimen is in part due to a lower than planned dose intensity. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Johnson & Johnson Johnson & Johnson Johnson & Johnson Johnson & Johnson Johnson & Johnson
Laboratory tests of scour at a seawall (2006)

A set of medium-scale laboratory tests of wave-induced scour at seawalls has been performed in a flume at HR Wallingford. The methodology is presented along with test conditions and summarized results. The scour depth at the toe of the seawall is highly dependent on the form of wave breaking onto the structure. Sea states where waves plunge directly onto the wall generate jets of water that may penetrate to the seabed and cause a local scour hole immediately adjacent to the seawall. This is a different scouring mechanism to that observed in deeper water and is also absent when the seawall is well within the surf zone and most of the large waves have broken before they reach the seawall. Theoretical limitations are discussed.
Fractionation of low molecular weight heparin species and their interaction with antithrombin. (1979)

Preparations of low molecular weight porcine heparin with an average specific anticoagulant activity of 94 units/mg were fractionated into "active" and "relatively inactive" forms of the mucopolysaccharide of approximately 6000 daltons each. The active fraction was further subdivided into various species with descending but significant affinities for the protease inhibitor as well as decreasing but substantial anticoagulatn potencies. "Highly active" heparin (approximately 8% of the low molecular weight pool) possesses a specific anticoagulant activity of 350 +/- 10 units/mg. The relatively inactive fraction (67% of the low molecular weight pool) exhibits a specific anticoagulant activity of 4 +/- 1 units/mg. The binding of highly active heparin to antithrombin is accurately described by a single-site binding model with a KHep-ATDISS of approximately 1 X 10(-7) M. Variations in this binding parameter secondary to changes in environmental variables indicate that charge-charge interactions as well as an increase in entropy are critical to the formation of the highly active heparin-antithrombin complex. The interaction of relatively inactive heparin with the protease inhibitor is characterized by an apparent KHep-ATDISS of 1 X 10(-4) M. In large measure, this is due to small amounts of residual active mucopolysaccharide (0.5%). The ability of the highly active heparin to accelerate the thrombin-antithrombin interaction was also examined. We were able to demonstrate that the mucopolysaccharide acts as a catalyst in this process and is able to initiate multiple rounds of enzyme-inhibitor complex formation. The rate of enzyme neutralization is increased to a maximum of 2300-fold as the concentration of heparin is raised until the inhibitor is saturated with mucopolysaccharide. Further increases in heparin concentration result in a reduction in the speed of enzyme neutralization. This appears to be due to the formation of thrombin-heparin complexes. A mathematical model is given which provides a relationship between the initial velocity of enzyme neutralization and reactant concentrations.
1989 Avy Awards Nominations (1989)

To AFA members, aviculturists, and all bird enthusiasts : the following avian species have been nominated for a possible U.S. First Breeding Avy Award. Any knowledge of prior breedings should be submitted to the AFA Home Office in care of Dale R. Thompson , chairman , Avy Awards Committee. 1. Yellow-faced Amazon , Amazona xanthops, hatch date: April 25 , 1985 2. Salvin's Amazon, Amazona autumnalis salvini, hatch date: May 8 , 1983 3. Lilacine Amazon , Amazona autumnalis lilacina, hatch date: April 23 , 1986 4 . Ruby blue-headed pionus, Pionus menstruus rubrigularis, hatch date: June 26, 1985 5. White-eared brown fruit dove, Phapitreron leucotis, hatch date: June 13 , 1988 6. Timor sparrow, Padda fuscata, hatch date: May 15, 1988 7. Yellow-hooded black b ird , Agelaius icterocephalus, hatch date: June 8 , 1986 8 . Red-faced liocichla , Liocichla phoenica, hatch date: June 2, 1988 9 . Pondicherry vulture , Sarcogyps calvus, hatch date: spring 1983
Optimization of digital spectrometers using a pulse streaming generator (2005)

This paper presents a digital pulse streaming generator developed to test and optimize the design of real-time digital spectrometers. The purpose of this generator is to produce a stream of digital data capable of reproducing the typical pulse response of a pre-amplifier used with solid state or other radiation detectors. This process not only avoids the use of X-ray sources during the test and calibration procedures as it also allows the experimentalist to take in account as many stream pulse scenarios as he desires. Using this tool it is possible to simulate a number of signal parameters that are characteristics of each front-end electronic apparatus. Such parameters include pulse amplitude distribution, rise-time components, decay-time of RC feedback pre-amps, frequency of occurrence, ballistic deficit, etc., as well as noise parameters (amplitude, power spectra density, type, etc.). In order to test a specific digital spectrometer implementation, this generator includes step, delta and optionally 1/|f| noise sources. Pulse pile-up effects arise due to the fact that we use a Poisson distribution to reproduce a real stream of events. The digital data stream is directly fed into the FPGA reproducing the behavior of the fast acquisition channel (FADC) of the spectrometer. This is an important auxiliary tool to the design and debug of the FPGA, namely when the implementation of near-optimum signal-to-noise ratio filters is desired.
Characterization of the collagen–vinyl graft copolymers prepared by the ceric ion method. II. Infrared spectra and electron microscopy (1972)

Abstract Collagen powder and goat skins were grafted with different vinyl monomers using the ceric ion technique. The graft copolymers were characterized by infrared spectra and electron microscopy. The collagen–vinyl graft copolymers were hydrolyzed by both acid and enzymatic hydrolysis, and the grafted vinyl polymer side chains were isolated. In the grafted poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) side chains isolated by acid hydrolysis, the characteristic amide absorption bands at 1550 and 1660 cm −1 were not seen prominently. However, in PMMA side chains isolated by enzymatic methods, the amide absorption bands were more prominent as these isolated side chain polymers contained longer fragments of the peptide backbone attached to them. Electron‐microscopic observations of grafted collagen fibrils and ultrathin sections of grafted goat skin fibrils did not show any cross‐striations. These various evidences indicate that the polymers formed on collagen have penetrated into the fibrils and that they were chemically bound to the collagen molecules.
Automated Continuous Integration of Component-Based Software: An Industrial Experience (2008)

When a software product is composed of dozens of or even hundreds of components with complicated dependency relationship among each other, one component's change can affect lots of other components' behavior. Sometimes, therefore, the stabilization job with multiple updated components drives the people who are responsible for integration and release the software into an integration hell. To avoid this kind of integration hell, we established integration procedure which encourages the developers frequent and small releases. We also created an automated integration system which continuously runs integration process in an incremental way so as to create and maintain an up-to-minute reasonably stable version of the product release candidate. In this paper, we introduce our integration procedure and automated integration system for a software product with hundreds of components, and a few lessons learned from the implementing and applying the system as well.
The Dysfunctional Dialectics of the Prison (1976)

According to the functionalist perspective, the survival of an organization is a matter of functions performed. A dialectical framework allows us to deal with the fact that durability is not necessarily connected with functionality. Organizations may be built on retrogressive accomodations which amount to dysfunctional dialectics. The prison represents an example in that it has developed as a polarity of commonweal and service organization, and is divided against itself. The coercive structure results in compliance patterns of an alienative nature. The basic dialectical units are roles which divide prisoners by emphasizing power relationships. Staff authority is weakened by a process of dialectical retrogressions. The prisoner subculture represents a dialectical defense against threats to individual self-images. The staff system will tend toward an organizational retrothesis made up of conflicting role realms of custody and treatment. Logical metacontrol possibilities include permanent external control, organizational revolution or abolition of the organization.
Algorithms for arbitrary precision floating point arithmetic (2002)

The author presents techniques for performing computations of very high accuracy using only straightforward floating-point arithmetic operations of limited precision. The validity of these techniques is proved under very general hypotheses satisfied by most implementations of floating-point arithmetic. To illustrate the applications of these techniques, an algorithm is presented which computes the intersection of a line and a line segment. The algorithm is guaranteed to correctly decide whether an intersection exists and, if so, to produce the coordinates of the intersection point accurate to full precision. The algorithm is usually quite efficient; only in a few cases does guaranteed accuracy necessitate an expensive computation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Traditional games meet ICT (2010)

While pervasive technologies explore new gaming styles, traditional games, such as cards and tabletop games are still appealing and have various irreplaceable flavors. We point out that tangible game objects and spatial interactions amplify emotional impacts in gaming; and the advantage cannot be reproduced in completely digitalized games. Thus we propose the concept of augmented traditional games, which aims at extending game features without losing original look-and-feel. In this paper, we introduce a case study on augmenting the game of Go. Our prototype supports several game modes, for example, a self-training mode for beginners. Based on an experimental study with the prototype, we discuss human factor issues in game design. We also suggest an augmentation framework for a wider range of traditional games as future work.
Analysis of HBM ESD testers and specifications using a fourth‐order lumped element model (1994)

Abstract This paper presents the general and analytical solution of a fourth‐order lumped element model (LEM) to describe human body model (HBM) electrostatic discharge (ESD) testers including the main tester parasitic elements. The analytical fitting to the LEM of experimentally obtained HBM pulse data is a new scientifically justified tool to determine HBM tester parasitic elements. The impact of the test board capacitance on HBM testing is demonstrated and explained. Furthermore, the MIL 883C/3015.7 1 and EOS/ESD S5.1‐1991 2 Standards on HBM testers are evaluated upon their selectivity to the test board capacitance. Finally, recommendations to improve HBM tester specifications regarding their selectivity to the parasitic test board capacitance are formulated
Reduction of crosstalk noise in modular jack for high-speed differential signal interconnection (2001)

Crosstalk noise has become a significant problem in the design of high-speed digital interconnections. In this paper, we demonstrate a crosstalk reduction method, which has been successfully applied to the design of a CAT-5E modular jack. The CAT-5E is a newly adopted cabling and connector standard for advanced cabling network systems to assure more robust, reliable and high-speed operation, which is based on differential mode signal transmission using unshielded twist pair (UTP) cable. The improved design of the modular jack shows minimal crosstalk noise and return loss over a wide range of manufacturing conditions. The improved crosstalk characteristics of the modular jack were accomplished by inserting embedded capacitors on the printed circuit board (PCB) of the modular jack. The embedded capacitors compensate for the unbalanced capacitive crosstalk that occurs in the plug and insert. In particular, the embedded balancing capacitor is designed to have maximum capacitance, with limited PCB area, by using a double-sided PCB design. Less than -45 dB near-end-crosstalk (NEXT) was achieved after the crosstalk noise compensation, satisfying the CAT-5E specification for frequencies up to 100 MHz.
Sugar‐Derived Ras Inhibitors: Group Epitope Mapping by NMR Spectroscopy and Biological Evaluation (2006)

Abstract Novel inhibitors of Ras protein activation have been found, containing a bicyclic core derived from D ‐arabinose and benzyl and phenylhydroxylamine moieties. NMR studies (trNOE, saturation‐transfer difference, STD) of the binding between these molecules and human p21 h‐Ras are reported. A pharmacophore mapping indicates that both the benzyl and the phenylhydroxylamine moieties are essential for protein binding. Molecules lacking one of these groups were synthesized and tested to confirm this hypothesis, and no interaction with Ras in vitro, nor biological activity in mammalian cells was observed. Our studies led to the development of molecules that selectively inhibit Ras‐dependent cellular growth in mammalian cells. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
[Refutation of traditional views of the disease and formation of the scientific basis of pathology (17-19th centuries)]. (2011)

This paper focuses on the revision of disease concepts that prevailed during the Galenism era and the formation of the scientific basis of pathology at the time of two scientific revolutions of the 17-19th centuries.
Comparison of Ballistic Performance and Energy Absorption Capabilities of Woven and Unidirectional Aramid Fabrics (2008)

This study investigated and compared the performance of ballistic protection panels formed with 100% woven and 100% unidirectional nonwoven para-aramid fabrics at different fabric ply numbers. For this purpose, Twaron CT 710 type woven para-aramid fabric panels and K-Flex unidirectional nonwoven para-aramid fabric panels (which were formed by using Kevlar 129 yarns) of different ply numbers were subjected to ballistic tests according to NIJ standards. Ballistic performance of the test samples was determined by measuring trauma depth and trauma diameter. The energy absorbed by fabric layers and the energy transmitted to the back of fabric layers were calculated from trauma depth and trauma diameter values. It was shown that the unidirectional fabric panels absorbed around 12.5—16.5% more energy than woven fabric panels for the unit panel weight.
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells and nucleus pulposus cells in a degenerative disc model in rabbits: a comparison of 2 cell types as potential candidates for disc regeneration (2011)

Study data showed that MSC transplantation is effective for the treatment of disc degeneration and seems to be an ideal substitute for NPCs.
Titanium reagents for the alkylidenation of carboxylic acid and carbonic acid derivatives (2002)

Covering: from 1st January 1993 to 1st June 2002.
Disruption of <i>LACCASE4</i> and <i>17</i> Results in Tissue-Specific Alterations to Lignification of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Stems (2011)

Peroxidases have been shown to be involved in the polymerization of lignin precursors, but it remains unclear whether laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) participate in constitutive lignification. We addressed this issue by studying laccase T-DNA insertion mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified two genes, LAC4 and LAC17, which are strongly expressed in stems. LAC17 was mainly expressed in the interfascicular fibers, whereas LAC4 was expressed in vascular bundles and interfascicular fibers. We produced two double mutants by crossing the LAC17 (lac17) mutant with two LAC4 mutants (lac4-1 and lac4-2). The single and double mutants grew normally in greenhouse conditions. The single mutants had moderately low lignin levels, whereas the stems of lac4-1 lac17 and lac4-2 lac17 mutants had lignin contents that were 20 and 40% lower than those of the control, respectively. These lower lignin levels resulted in higher saccharification yields. Thioacidolysis revealed that disrupting LAC17 principally affected the deposition of G lignin units in the interfascicular fibers and that complementation of lac17 with LAC17 restored a normal lignin profile. This study provides evidence that both LAC4 and LAC17 contribute to the constitutive lignification of Arabidopsis stems and that LAC17 is involved in the deposition of G lignin units in fibers.
Application of adaptive digital signal processing to speech enhancement for the hearing impaired. (1987)

A major complaint of individuals with normal hearing and hearing impairments is a reduced ability to understand speech in a noisy environment. This paper describes the concept of adaptive noise cancelling for removing noise from corrupted speech signals. Application of adaptive digital signal processing has long been known and is described from a historical as well as technical perspective. The Widrow-Hoff LMS (least mean square) algorithm developed in 1959 forms the introduction to modern adaptive signal processing. This method uses a "primary" input which consists of the desired speech signal corrupted with noise and a second "reference" signal which is used to estimate the primary noise signal. By subtracting the adaptively filtered estimate of the noise, the desired speech signal is obtained. Recent developments in the field as they relate to noise cancellation are described. These developments include more computationally efficient algorithms as well as algorithms that exhibit improved learning performance. A second method for removing noise from speech, for use when no independent reference for the noise exists, is referred to as single channel noise suppression. Both adaptive and spectral subtraction techniques have been applied to this problem--often with the result of decreased speech intelligibility. Current techniques applied to this problem are described, including signal processing techniques that offer promise in the noise suppression application.
Electronic Transport, Structure, and Energetics of Endohedral Gd@C<sub>82</sub> Metallofullerenes (2004)

Electronic structure and transport properties of the fullerene C82 and the metallofullerene Gd@C82 are investigated with density functional theory and the Landauer−Büttiker formalism. The ground-state structure of Gd@C82 is found to have the Gd atom below the C−C bond on the C2 molecular axis of C82. Insertion of Gd into C82 deforms the carbon chain in the vicinity of the Gd atoms. Significant overlap of the electron distribution is found between Gd and the C82 cage, with the transferred Gd electron density localized mainly on the nearest carbon atoms. This charge localization reduces some of the conducting channels for the transport, causing a reduction in the conductivity of the Gd@C82 species relative to the empty C82 molecule. The electron transport across the metallofullerene is found to be insensitive to the spin state of the Gd atom.