Fundamentals of Geological and Environmental Remote Sensing (1997)

1. Introduction and Overview. From the Human Eye to the Multispectral Scanner. Organization of Presented Material. Cited References. 2. Interaction of Electromagnetic Radiation with Natural Materials on the Earth's Surface. Electromagnetic Radiation and the Search for Compositional Information. The Effect of Single-Grain Indices of Refraction and Absorption on the Reflectance Properties of a Beach. The Effect of Grain Size On the Reflectance Properties of a Beach. Separation of Compositional and Grain Size Effects and Extrapolation from Beaches to Soils and Rocks. Review. Exercises. Cited References. Additional References (Uncited). 3. Spectra of Earth Materials. Vegetation, Water, and Snow. Minerals and Rocks. Review. Exercises. Cited References. Additional References (Uncited). 4. Spectral Radiance from the Earth's Surface and Its Measurement by Electro-Optical Multispectral Sensors. Reflected and Emitted Radiance Available for Detection. Multispectral Electro-Optical Sensors for Remote Sensing. Measured Spectral Radiance. Review. Exercises. Cited References. Additional References (Uncited). 5. Multispectral Image Processing Methods. Introduction. Elimination of Atmospheric Path Radiance and Additive Electronic Offset. The Electronic Display and Human Perception of Color. Spectral and Temporal Rationing. Principal Component Transformation and Multispectral Classification. Review. Exercises. Cited References. Additional References (Uncited). 6. Spatial Image Processing Methods. Introduction. Automatic Linear Feature Mapping. Geophysical Imaging. Digital Photogrammetry. Integration of Remote Sensing Data and Geographic Information Systems. Review. Exercises. Cited References. 7. Remote Sensing Applications to Mineral Exploration. Introduction. The Use of Remote Sensing in Exploration for Metals. The Use of Remote Sensing in Exploration for Diamonds and Rare Earth Minerals. The Use of Remote Sensing in Exploration for Industrial Minerals. Review. Exercises. Cited References. Additional References (Uncited). 8. Remote Sensing Applications to Petroleum and Ground Water Exploration. Introduction. The Use of Remote Sensing for Petroleum Exploration. The Use of Remote Sensing for Ground Water Exploration. Review. Exercises. Cited References. Additional References (Uncited). 9. Remote Sensing Applications to Environmental Studies and Geological Engineering. Introduction. Remote Sensing Applications for Solid Waste Landfills and Open Pit Mines. Remote Sensing Applications for Forests and Wetlands. Remote Sensing Applications for Farm Land and Coastal Erosion. Remote Sensing Applications for Pipelines and Highways. Review. Exercises. Cited References. 10. Remote Sensing Applications to Global Monitoring. Introduction. Global Monitoring of Geological Hazards. Monitoring of Human Contributions to Global Changes. Monitoring of Natural Contributions to Global Changes. Review. Exercises. Cited References. Epilogue. Appendix A: Integral Equations. Appendix B: Multispectral Sensor Systems. Appendix C: LANDSAT TM and MSS Brightness and Ratio Codes of Minerals, Vegetation, and Snow. Index. Color Plate Captions.