gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frontline Science: A reduction in DHA-derived mediators in male obesity contributes toward defects in select B cell subsets and circulating antibody (2018)

Obesity dysregulates B cell populations, which contributes toward poor immunological outcomes. We previously reported that differing B cell subsets are lowered in the bone marrow of obese male mice. Here, we focused on how lipid metabolites synthesized from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) known as specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) influence specific B cell populations in obese male mice. Metabololipidomics revealed that splenic SPM precursors 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (14-HDHA), 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA), and downstream protectin DX (PDX) were decreased in obese male C57BL/6J mice. Simultaneous administration of these mediators to obese mice rescued major decrements in bone marrow B cells, modest impairments in the spleen, and circulating IgG2c, which is pro-inflammatory in obesity. In vitro studies with B cells, flow cytometry experiments with ALOX5<sup>-/-</sup> mice, and lipidomic analyses revealed the lowering of 14-HDHA/17-HDHA/PDX and dysregulation of B cell populations in obesity was driven indirectly via B cell extrinsic mechanisms. Notably, the lowering of lipid mediators was associated with an increase in the abundance of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have a high affinity for SPM-generating enzymes. Subsequent experiments revealed female obese mice generally maintained the levels of SPM precursors, B cell subsets, and antibody levels. Finally, obese human females had increased circulating plasma cells accompanied by ex vivo B cell TNFα and IL-10 secretion. Collectively, the data demonstrate that DHA-derived mediators of the SPM pathway control the number of B cell subsets and pro-inflammatory antibody levels in obese male but not female mice through a defect that is extrinsic to B cells.
A Black-Box Strategy to Migrate GUI-Based Legacy Systems to Web Services (2008)

While legacy systems are becoming incompatible with evolving web service applications, migration of legacy systems towards service-oriented computing is arousing wide concern for the purpose of salvaging the past investments on those systems. In this paper, a black-box strategy is proposed to export customized interactive functionality of legacy systems towards web services using a wrapping methodology suitable to GUI-based legacy systems. Our strategy also proposes a solution to deploy web services that consist of interoperations between user and legacy systems in a service-oriented architecture. Finally, a distributed framework that executes web services and integrates graphical user interfaces of legacy systems is presented.
Performance evaluation of cache depot on CC-NUMA multiprocessors (2002)

Cache depot is a performance enhancement technique on cache-coherent non-uniform memory access (CC-NUMA) multiprocessors, in which nodes in the system store extra memory blocks on behalf of other nodes. In this way memory requests from a node can be satisfied by nearby depot nodes without going all the way to the home node. This not only reduces memory access latency and network traffic, but also spreads the network load more evenly. We study the design strategy for cache depot that: enhances the network interface of each node to include a depot cache, which stores those extra memory blocks for other nodes; and employs a new multicast routing scheme, which is called the multi-hop worms and works cooperatively with depot caches, to transmit coherence messages. By considering message routing and depot caches together the design concept can be applied even to those CC-NUMA systems that have a non-hierarchical, scalable interconnection network. We have developed an execution-driven simulator to evaluate the effectiveness of the design strategy. Performance results from using four SPLASH-2 benchmarks show that the design strategy improves the performance of the CC-NUMA multiprocessor by 11% to 21%. We have also studied in depth various factors which affect the performance of cache depot.
The midkine family in cancer, inflammation and neural development. (2005)

The midkine (MK) family consists of only two members, namely MK and pleiotrophin (PTN). MK and PTN share receptors and biophysical characteristics, such as a heparin-binding property. MK and PTN exert several biological activities, which include fibrinolytic, anti-apoptotic, mitogenic, transforming, angiogenic, and chemotactic ones. These activities suggest that these growth factors are involved in carcinogenesis. Indeed, strong expression of MK and PTN in human carcinomas, and the anti-tumor activity of antisense oligonucleotides for MK and ribozymes for PTN further support their importance in cancer. In addition, MK plays critical roles in the pathogeneses of various disorders involving inflammation such as reperfusion- and cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction and vascular restenosis after angioplasty. MK antisense oligonucleotide ameliorates these disorders. Zebrafish and Xenopus MK can induce neural tissues. MK and PTN are localized in the radial glial processes of the embryonic brain, and are induced in reactive astrocytes by ischemic insults. I summarize here the biological significance of the MK family in cancer, inflammation and neural development.
Low power design of the next-generation High Efficiency Video Coding (2014)

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the computational complexity, power consumption, temperature, and memory access behavior for the next-generation High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. We highlight the associated design challenges and present several low-power algorithmic and architectural techniques for developing power-efficient HEVC-based multimedia system. We explore the interplay between the algorithms and architectures to provide high power efficiency while leveraging the application-specific knowledge and video content characteristics.
Data Compression for PC Software Distribution (1996)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a data compression scheme that can be used for PC software distribution. The method utilizes a lazy parsing strategy and a large sliding-window to obtain good compression ratio. A large window is used to read in characters from a file and a suffix tree is constructed to search for the longest matching substring. Lazy parsing is used to improve the compression performance moderately. Modified unary codes and Huffman codes are used to encode the displacements, copy-lengths and copied symbols. Although the encoder is complex, the expansion phase of such a coder is simple and works very fast; experimental results confirm this fact. Such a compression scheme is most appropriate to be used for PC software distribution.
Age and cardiovascular response adaptation. Determinants of an antihypertensive treatment concept primarily based on beta-blockers and calcium entry blockers. (1983)

The patient's age has great impact on the development of hypertension, its duration, and severity. In patients with essential hypertension, sympathetic cardiovascular control changes from an early phase with increased beta-adrenoceptor-mediated responses, e.g., cardiac output and renin, into a later phase where these responses are blunted and alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction prevails, associated with higher intracellular free sodium and calcium concentration. This pathophysiological view of essential hypertension has its corollary in the pharmacotherapeutic approach. Younger patients, who often have high renin levels, respond better to monotherapy with a beta-blocker or with a converting-enzyme inhibitor. Older patients, who often have low renin levels, respond less well to beta-blockers but particularly well to calcium entry blockers as an alternative to diuretics. Therefore, beta-blockers and calcium entry blockers form new cornerstones for antihypertensive treatment and strategy, with the potential of cardioprotection.
Variability of plasma hydralazine concentrations in male hypertensive patients (1981)

The efficacy and toxicity of hydralazine differ widely among individual patients, possibly because of different sensitivities to drug effect or as a reflection of pharmacokinetic differences. Therefore, the variability in plasma hydralazine concentrations after single intravenous and single and multiple oral doses was studied in 9 male hypertensive patients. After an intravenous dose of 0.3 mg/kg the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) varied over less than a twofold range 17.5-29.5 muM-minute. However, after a single oral dose, 1 mg/kg, and after at least the fifth dose of a regimen consisting of 1 mg/kg given every 12 hours, there were much wider variations in AUC values: 4.0-30.4 and 3.2-38.5 muM-minute, respectively. Similar ranges in peak hydralazine concentration, Cp, were also noted, 0.12-1.31 muM after single oral dose and 0.10-1.39 muM after the multiple dose regimen. A significant portion of the observed interpatient variability could be explained by differences in acetylation ability. The AUC and Cp values for both the single and multiple oral doses were significantly lower (P less than 0.001) in rapid than in slow acetylators. Therefore, determining the acetylation ability of patients requiring hydralazine may help to optimize therapeutic benefit and minimize toxicity.
Comparison of the fracture conductivity of commercially available and experimental proppants at intermediate and high closure stresses (1983)

A laboratory comparison of fracture conductivity versus closure stress was performed on eight commercially available and four experimental prototype proppant materials. Ottawa sand and bauxite, both widely accepted and applied proppants, were included in the study as performance standards. Consistent sample preparation, test, and data reduction procedures were practiced and allow a relative comparison of the conductivity of various proppants at intermediate and high stresses. Specific gravity, corrosion resistance and crush resistance of each proppant were also determined. Proppant materials were supplied by major domestic and international proppant manufacturers. All were carefully screened and sized to obtain nearly identical -20,+40 mesh size distributions. Fracture conductivity was measured to a laminar flow of deaerated, deionized water over a closure stress range of 6.9 MPa (1,000 psi) to 96.5 MPa (14,000 psi) in 6.9 MPa (1,000 psi) increments. Testing was performed at a constant 50/sup 0/C (122/sup 0/F) temperature. Results of the testing are compared with values from the literature and analyzed to determine proppant acceptability in the intermediate and high closure stress regions. Recommendations are made for proppants that will perform acceptably at low, intermediate and high closure stresses.
Pharmacological Basis of β-Lactamase Inhibitor Therapeutics: Tazobactam in Combination with Ceftolozane (2013)

We recently investigated the pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) of tazobactam in combination with ceftolozane against an isogenic CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli triplet set, genetically engineered to transcribe different levels of blaCTX-M-15. The percentage of the dosing interval that tazobactam concentrations remained above a threshold (%Time>threshold) was identified as the PK-PD exposure measure that was most closely associated with efficacy. Moreover, the tazobactam concentration was dependent upon the enzyme transcription level. Given that the aforementioned strains were genetically engineered to transcribe a single β-lactamase enzyme and that clinical isolates typically produce multiple β-lactamase enzymes with various transcription levels, it is likely that the tazobactam threshold concentration is isolate/enzyme dependent. Our first objective was to characterize the relationship between the tazobactam %Time>threshold in combination with ceftolozane and efficacy using clinical isolates in an in vitro PK-PD infection model. Our second objective was to identify a translational relationship that would allow for the comodeling across clinical isolates. The initial challenge panel included four well-characterized β-lactamase-producing E. coli strains with variable enzyme expression and other resistance determinants. As evidenced by r(2) values of ranging from 0.90 to 0.99 for each clinical isolate, the observed data were well described by fitted functions describing the relationship between the tazobactam %Time>threshold and change in log10 CFU from baseline; however, the data from the four isolates did not comodel well. The threshold concentration identified for each isolate ranged from 0.5 to 4 mg/liter. We identified an enabling translational relationship for the tazobactam threshold that allowed comodeling of all four clinical isolates, which was the product of the individual isolate's ceftolozane-tazobactam MIC value and 0.5. As evidenced by an r(2) value of 0.90, the transformed data were well described by a fitted function describing the relationship between tazobactam %Time>threshold and change in log10 CFU from baseline. Due to these findings, the challenge panel was expanded to include three well-characterized β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with variable enzyme expression and other resistance determinants. The translational relationship for the tazobactam threshold that allowed for the comodeling of the four E. coli isolates performed well for the expanded data set (seven isolates in total; four E. coli and three K. pneumoniae), as evidenced by an r(2) value of 0.84. This simple translational relationship is especially useful as it is directly linked to in vitro susceptibility test results, which are used to guide the clinician's choice of drug and dosing regimen.
Human Sin3 deacetylase and trithorax-related Set1/Ash2 histone H3-K4 methyltransferase are tethered together selectively by the cell-proliferation factor HCF-1 (2003)

The abundant and chromatin-associated protein HCF-1 is a critical player in mammalian cell proliferation as well as herpes simplex virus (HSV) transcription. We show here that separate regions of HCF-1 critical for its role in cell proliferation associate with the Sin3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) and a previously uncharacterized human trithorax-related Set1/Ash2 histone methyltransferase (HMT). The Set1/Ash2 HMT methylates histone H3 at Lys 4 (K4), but not if the neighboring K9 residue is already methylated. HCF-1 tethers the Sin3 and Set1/Ash2 transcriptional regulatory complexes together even though they are generally associated with opposite transcriptional outcomes: repression and activation of transcription, respectively. Nevertheless, this tethering is context-dependent because the transcriptional activator VP16 selectively binds HCF-1 associated with the Set1/Ash2 HMT complex in the absence of the Sin3 HDAC complex. These results suggest that HCF-1 can broadly regulate transcription, both positively and negatively, through selective modulation of chromatin structure.
Trajectory Analysis of Collection Mechanisms in Fibrous Bed Filtration (1982)

清浄な繊維充填層の懸濁粒子捕捉能力を示す初期の濾過係数を, 繊維充填層内の流れに桑原の式を適用し軌道理論より求めた.懸濁粒子-繊維間の電気二重層による反発力が無視でき, さらに懸濁粒子の繊維に対する付着効率が1である場合, 初期濾過係数の理論値は, 粒子充填層の場合と同様に5個の無次元パラメータ (修正付着力パラメータ, 修正重力パラメータ, さえぎりパラメータ, 桑原流れパラメータおよびvan der Waals力に対する遅延パラメータ) により表示できることがわかった.特に重力沈降が無視できる濾過操作条件の範囲内で, 実用上簡便な近似式を求めた.さらに電気二重層による反発力がvan der Waals力による吸引力よりも支配的となるにつれ, 粒子充填層の場合と同様に, 初期濾過係数が低下する現象がみられた.
Effects of optical penetration and laser pulse duration on laser generated longitudinal acoustic waves (1997)

In this article, we concentrate on the optical penetration and laser pulse duration effects on the features of the ultrasonic waves generated in a solid by a laser impact. We consider the simple case of a uniform irradiation of the sample, which we describe with the help of a simple analytical one-dimensional model. In spite of its simplicity, this model clearly highlights the competition that occurs between two temporal convolution sources, related to the optical penetration and the laser pulse duration, respectively, to produce the longitudinal arrivals on the rear side of the sample. The model is also used for an accurate description of the features of the longitudinal precursor.
Velocity adaptation of space-time interest points (2004)

The notion of local features in space-time has recently been proposed to capture and describe local events in video. When computing space-time descriptors, however, the result may strongly depend on the relative motion between the object and the camera. To compensate for this variation, we present a method that automatically adapts the features to the local velocity of the image pattern and, hence, results in a video representation that is stable with respect to different amounts of camera motion. Experimentally we show that the use of velocity adaptation substantially increases the repeatability of interest points as well as the stability of their associated descriptors. Moreover, for an application to human action recognition we demonstrate how velocity-adapted features enable recognition of human actions in situations with unknown camera motion and complex, non-stationary backgrounds.
Variable structure control: a survey (1993)

A tutorial account of variable structure control with sliding mode is presented. The purpose is to introduce in a concise manner the fundamental theory, main results, and practical applications of this powerful control system design approach. This approach is particularly attractive for the control of nonlinear systems. Prominent characteristics such as invariance, robustness, order reduction, and control chattering are discussed in detail. Methods for coping with chattering are presented. Both linear and nonlinear systems are considered. Future research areas are suggested and an extensive list of references is included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nanoscale Morphology in Precisely Sequenced Poly(ethylene-<i>co</i>-acrylic acid) Zinc Ionomers (2010)

The morphology of a series of linear poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) zinc-neutralized ionomers with either precisely or randomly spaced acid groups was investigated using X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Scattering from semicrystalline, precise ionomers has contributions from acid layers associated with the crystallites and ionic aggregates dispersed in the amorphous phase. The precisely controlled acid spacing in these ionomers reduces the polydispersity in the aggregate correlation length and yields more intense, well-defined scattering peaks. Remarkably, the ionic aggregates in an amorphous, precise ionomer with 22 mol % acid and 66% neutralization adopt a cubic lattice; this is the first report of ionic aggregate self-assembly onto a lattice in an ionomer with an all-carbon backbone. Aggregate size is insensitive to acid content or neutralization level. As the acid content increases from 9.5 to 22 mol % at approximately 75% neutralization, the number density of aggregates increases by approximately 5 times, suggesting that the ionic aggregates become less ionic with increasing acid content.
OLEOGUM RESIN GUGGULU: A REVIEW OF THE MEDICINAL EVIDENCE FOR ITS THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES (2012)

Guggulu is an oleogum resin that exudes spontaneously as a result of injury from the bark of Commiphora wight ii Bhandari (Syn : Commiphora mukul Hook. ex Stocks or Balsamodendron mukul Hook. ex Stocks). In Ayurveda guggulu enters into the preparation of several compound medicines most of which are named with suffix ‘guggulu’ . It is a complex mixture of steroids, diterpenoids, aliphatic esters, carbohydrates, amino acids and variety of inorganic compounds. Traditionally it is used to treat arthritis, obesity, and o ther disorders. Guggul has been shown to lower cholesterol and triglycerides. This review is an effort to compile all the available information reported on its macroscopic features, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities , toxicity and adverse reactions,
<i><scp>SLC</scp>6A1</i>variants identified in epilepsy patients reduce γ‐aminobutyric acid transport (2018)

Previous reports have identified SLC6A1 variants in patients with generalized epilepsies, such as myoclonic-atonic epilepsy and childhood absence epilepsy. However, to date, none of the identified SLC6A1 variants has been functionally tested for an effect on GAT-1 transporter activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of SLC6A1 variants in 460 unselected epilepsy patients and to evaluate the impact of the identified variants on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)transport. Targeted resequencing was used to screen 460 unselected epilepsy patients for variants in SLC6A1. Five missense variants, one in-frame deletion, one nonsense variant, and one intronic splice-site variant were identified, representing a 1.7% diagnostic yield. Using a [<sup>3</sup> H]-GABA transport assay, the seven identified exonic variants were found to reduce GABA transport activity. A minigene splicing assay revealed that the splice-site variant disrupted canonical splicing of exon 9 in the mRNA transcript, leading to premature protein truncation. These findings demonstrate that SLC6A1 is an important contributor to childhood epilepsy and that reduced GAT-1 function is a common consequence of epilepsy-causing SLC6A1 variants.
Repeated administration of desipramine and a GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor antagonist, CGP 36742, discretely up‐regulates GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor binding sites in rat frontal cortex (1993)

1. GABAB receptor binding site densities within laminar regions of the rat frontal cortex were examined autoradiographically following repeated administration (21 days) of the antidepressants desipramine, paroxetine and amitriptyline in addition to the GABAB receptor antagonists, CGP 35348 and CGP 36742. beta 1-Adrenoceptor autoradiography was studied in parallel with that for GABAB receptor sites. 2. The effects of these compounds were examined concomitantly on the GABAB receptor-mediated inhibition of forskolin- and enhancement of noradrenaline-stimulated cyclic AMP production. 3. GABAB receptor binding was increased by both desipramine (20 mg kg-1, p.o. and 10 mg kg-1, i.p.) and CGP 36742 (100 mg kg-1, i.p.) in the outer laminar region of the frontal cortex by around 50% above control levels. Conversely, no significant changes were mediated by paroxetine, amitriptyline, CGP 35348 or the GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen. 4. With the exception of paroxetine, all compounds down-regulated the total beta-adrenoceptor population throughout frontal cortical laminae which was attributable to the beta 1-adrenoceptor subtype. In contrast, the reduction in beta-adrenoceptors mediated by CGP 35348 and CGP 36742 did not occur as a consequence of reduced beta 1-adrenoceptor numbers. 5. Protracted treatment with CGP 35348, failed to influence forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP production; however, a significant increase in the accumulation of cyclic AMP produced in response to forskolin was seen after treatment with CGP 36742. 6. Such discretely localized changes in GABAB receptor densities induced by desipramine and CGP 36742 may provide an explanation for the discrepancies reported in membrane binding studies and possibly implicate a role for GABAB receptor antagonists in antidepressant therapy.
Efficient in-memory computing architecture based on crossbar arrays (2015)

To solve the "big data" problems that are hindered by the Von Neumann bottleneck and semiconductor device scaling limitation, a new efficient in-memory computing architecture based on crossbar array is developed. The corresponding basic operation principles and design rules are proposed and verified using emerging nonvolatile devices such as very low-power resistive random access memory (RRAM). To prove the computing architecture, we demonstrate a parallel 1-bit full adder (FA) both by experiment and simulation. A 4-bit multiplier (Mult.) is further obtained by a programed 2-bit Mult. and 2-bit FA.