gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Nano-Polycrystalline Synroc-B Powders as a High Level Radioactive Wastes Ceramic Forms by a Solution Combustion Synthesis (2015)

Synroc (Synthetic Rock) consists of four main titanate phases: peroveskite (CaTiO3), zirconolite (CaZrTi2O7), hollandite (BaAl2Ti6O16) and rutile (TiO2). Nano-polycrystalline synroc powders were made by a synthesis combustion process. The combustion process, an externally initiated reaction is self-sustained owing to the exothermic reaction. A significant volume of gas is evolved during the combustion reaction and leads to loosely agglomerated powders. This exothermic reaction provides necessary heat to further carry the reaction in forward direction to produce nanocrystalline powders as the final product. Glycine is used as a fuel, being oxidized by nitrate ions. It is inexpensive, has high energy efficiency, fast heating rates, short reaction times and high compositional homogeneity. In this study, combustion synthesis of nano-sized synroc-B powder is introduced. The fabrication of synroc-B powder result of observation XRD were prepared for polycrystalline (perovskite, zirconolite, hollandite, rutile) structures. The characterization of the synthesized powders is conducted by using XRD, SEM/EDS and TEM.
Demonstration of Thy-1 antigen on pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells in the rat. (1978)

Three approaches were used to demonstrate the presence of Thy-1 antigen on the surface of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells in the rat. In the first, stem cells from fetal liver, neonatal spleen, and adult bone marrow were prevented from forming hemopoietic colonies in the spleens of irradiated recipients spleen (colony-forming unit assay) by incubation with antibodies to Thy-1 antigen. Highly specific rabbit heteroantiserum to purified rat brain Thy-1 antigen and mouse alloantisera to Thy-1.1-positive thymocytes were equally effective. This inhibition was neutralized by purified Thy-1 antigen. In a second series of experiments, Thy-1-positive and Thy-1-negative populations of nucleated bone marrow cells were separated by the FACS. All of the hemopoietic stem cell activity was recovered in the Thy-1-positive population. The stem cells were among the most strongly positive for Thy-1 antigen, being in the upper 25th percentile for relative fluorescence intensity. The relationships of Thy-1 antigen to the rat bone marrow lymphocyte antigen (BMLA) was shown in a third series of experiments. Rabbit anti-BMLA serum, which is raised against a null population of lymphocyte-like bone marrow cells, has been shown to have anti-stem cell activity. Here we demonstrate by double immunofluorescence, cocapping, and differential absorption studies that Thy-1 and BMLA are parts of the same molecule.
The Evolution of Quorum Sensing in Bacterial Biofilms (2008)

Bacteria have fascinating and diverse social lives. They display coordinated group behaviors regulated by quorum-sensing systems that detect the density of other bacteria around them. A key example of such group behavior is biofilm formation, in which communities of cells attach to a surface and envelope themselves in secreted polymers. Curiously, after reaching high cell density, some bacterial species activate polymer secretion, whereas others terminate polymer secretion. Here, we investigate this striking variation in the first evolutionary model of quorum sensing in biofilms. We use detailed individual-based simulations to investigate evolutionary competitions between strains that differ in their polymer production and quorum-sensing phenotypes. The benefit of activating polymer secretion at high cell density is relatively straightforward: secretion starts upon biofilm formation, allowing strains to push their lineages into nutrient-rich areas and suffocate neighboring cells. But why use quorum sensing to terminate polymer secretion at high cell density? We find that deactivating polymer production in biofilms can yield an advantage by redirecting resources into growth, but that this advantage occurs only in a limited time window. We predict, therefore, that down-regulation of polymer secretion at high cell density will evolve when it can coincide with dispersal events, but it will be disfavored in long-lived (chronic) biofilms with sustained competition among strains. Our model suggests that the observed variation in quorum-sensing behavior can be linked to the differing requirements of bacteria in chronic versus acute biofilm infections. This is well illustrated by the case of Vibrio cholerae, which competes within biofilms by polymer secretion, terminates polymer secretion at high cell density, and induces an acute disease course that ends with mass dispersal from the host. More generally, this work shows that the balance of competition within and among biofilms can be pivotal in the evolution of quorum sensing.
Partial evaluation of model transformations (2012)

Model Transformation is considered an important enabling factor for Model Driven Development. Transformations can be applied not only for the generation of new models from existing ones, but also for the consistent co-evolution of software artifacts that pertain to various phases of software lifecycle such as requirement models, design documents and source code. Furthermore, it is often common in practical scenarios to apply such transformations repeatedly and frequently; an activity that can take a significant amount of time and resources, especially when the affected models are complex and highly interdependent. In this paper, we discuss a novel approach for deriving incremental model transformations by the partial evaluation of original model transformation programs. Partial evaluation involves pre-computing parts of the transformation program based on known model dependencies and the type of the applied model change. Such pre-evaluation allows for significant reduction of transformation time in large and complex model repositories. To evaluate the approach, we have implemented QvtMix, a prototype partial evaluator for the Query, View and Transformation Operational Mappings (QVT-OM) language. The experiments indicate that the proposed technique can be used for significantly improving the performance of repetitive applications of model transformations.
Synthesis of a new side-chain liquid crystalline polymer with a polynorbornene main chain by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of a new side-chain liquid crystalline polymer with a polynorbornene main chain by ring-opening metathesis polymerizationSung Hyun Kim, Hyung Jong Lee, Sung Ho Jin, Hyun Nam Cho, and Sam Kwon ChoiCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 4, 846–848Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00056a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00056a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mice Lacking Alkbh1 Display Sex-Ratio Distortion and Unilateral Eye Defects (2010)

Genetic and phenotypic assessment suggests that Alkbh1 mediates gene regulation in spermatogenesis, and that Alkbh1 is essential for normal sex-ratio distribution and embryonic development in mice.
Sustained release of neurotrophin‐3 and chondroitinase ABC from electrospun collagen nanofiber scaffold for spinal cord injury repair (2011)

Nerve regeneration after spinal cord injuries (SCI) remains suboptimal despite recent advances in the field. One major hurdle is the rapid clearance of drugs from the injury site, which greatly limits therapeutic outcomes. Nanofiber scaffolds represent a potential class of materials for enhancing nerve regeneration because of its biomimicking architecture. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of incorporating neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) onto electrospun collagen nanofibers for SCI treatment. By using microbial transglutaminase (mTG) mediated crosslinking, proteins were loaded onto electrospun collagen nanofibers at an efficiency of ∼45-48%. By combining NT-3 with heparin during the protein incorporation process, a sustained release of NT-3 was obtained (∼96% by day 28). As indicated by dorsal root ganglion outgrowth assay, NT-3 incorporated collagen scaffolds supported neuronal culture and neurite outgrowth for a longer time period than bolus delivery of NT-3. The presence of heparin also protected ChABC from degradation. Specifically, as evaluated by dimethylmethylene blue assay, bioactive ChABC was detected from collagen scaffolds for at least 32 days in vitro in the presence of heparin (∼32% of bioactivity retained). In contrast, ChABC bioactivity was only ∼1.9% by day 22 in the absence of heparin. Taken together, these results clearly demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating NT-3 and ChABC via mTG immobilization to produce protein-incorporated collagen nanofibers. Such biofunctional nanofiber constructs may find useful applications in SCI treatment by providing topographical signals and multiple biochemical cues that can promote nerve regeneration while antagonizing axonal growth inhibition for CNS regeneration.
Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Human Detection and Recognition (2007)

The 12 regular papers and three correspondences in this special issue focus on human detection and recognition. The papers represent gait, face (3-D, 2-D, video), iris, palmprint, cardiac sounds, and vulnerability of biometrics and protection against the spoof attacks.
Design of a Hierarchical Meso/Macroporous Zeolite‐Supported Cobalt Catalyst for the Enhanced Direct Synthesis of Isoparaffins from Syngas (2015)

Abstract A hierarchical meso/macroporous zeolite‐supported Co catalyst (Co/ASB) was designed and employed for the direct synthesis of isoparaffins. The hierarchical porous zeolite (ASB) was developed by a steam‐assisted crystallization method using alumina‐modified meso/macroporous silica as the precursor. Structural characterization indicated that the as‐synthesized ASB exhibited nanosized β‐zeolite crystallites and a hierarchical meso/macroporous structure. The activity of the Co/ASB catalyst was much higher than that of conventional Co catalysts supported on SiO 2 (Co/SiO 2 ) and H‐β‐zeolite (Co/B). A high isoparaffins selectivity of 30.5 % was obtained from Co/ASB because of the hydrocracking/isomerization of long‐chain hydrocarbons at the strong acidic sites of the β‐zeolite. Furthermore, as a result of the fast diffusion of syngas in the unique hierarchical pores, the methane selectivity of Co/ASB was lower than that of Co/B.
A mechanism for filtering distractors for graphical passwords (2007)

Graphical passwords hold some promise in a world of increasing numbers of passwords, which computer users are straining to remember. However, since these kinds of mechanisms are a fairly new innovation many design and implementation problems exist which could wellprevent these mechanisms from realising their full potential. This paper addresses the problem of choosing distractors for graphical passwords. It is important that the distractors should not be too similar tothe target image, since that could cause confusion and seriously reduce the potential for enhanced memorability and usability. We cannot use the obvious approach of screening out confusing or similar images by means of classification because images are difficult to categorise unambiguously and also because such classification is time-intensive and therefore does not scale. The mechanism of interest for thispaper makes use of user-produced doodles, which makes distractor choice by means of categorisation even more difficult. In this paper we present an algorithm that automatically recognises pertinent features in target doodles and then identifies similar doodles in order to disqualify these doodles as distractors for those targets within a particular challenge set. This algorithm produces few false negatives, which makes it particularly suitable for use in this domain.
SUPPRESSOR CELLS IN SPECIFIC UNRESPONSIVENESS TO SKIN ALLOGRAFTS IN ALS-TREATED, MARROW-INJECTED MICE (1980)

Lymphoid cells from ALS-treated (C57BL/6 x A/J)F1 (B6AF1) mice bearing enhanced C3H/He grafts were assayed for their ability to suppress the response to C3H/He grafts after transfer to syngeneic B6AF1 recipients. Cells were transferred from ALS-treated B6AF1 mice that had received either a C3H/He graft alone, C3H/He marrow alone, or both a graft and marrow. Suppressor cells appeared in the spleens of ALS-treated B6AF1 mice that had received either a graft alone or both graft and marrow as early as day +13. They persisted only in the spleens of mice that had received both a graft and marrow, i.e., mice whose grafts showed significant prolongation. Suppressor cells did not appear in the lymph nodes of mice bearing enhanced grafts until day +42. Thymocytes and bone marrow cells were unable to transfer unresponsiveness. The cells which transferred unresponsiveness were specific for the graft donor strain as they did not transfer unresponsiveness to third-party grafts. The ability of cells to transfer suppression was abrogated by treatment with anti-theta serum.
Propulsion by Absorption of Laser Radiation (1974)

The results of an experimental study of the physics of propulsion by absorption of radiation from a remotely stationed high-power laser are presented. Both pulsed and steady-state simulation experiments were performed utilizing a megawatt peak power pulsed CO2 laser. The steady-state simulation experiments were carried out in a vacuum chamber with graphite, Lucite and lithium fluoride as solid propellants. The pulsed experiments consisted of ballistic pendulum measurements of thrust, wall pressure traces, and streak camera records of plasma velocity to deduce the efficiency of a laser powered pulsejet, where air is utilized as fuel. Results indicate that for steady-state propulsion a high ratio of thrust to laser power (~ 10-100 dynes/w) can be obtained by using the laser to simply vaporize a suitable solid propellant. However, for high specific impulse (~1000 sec) it is necessary to add energy to the vapor in a stable manner. This may require gaseous propellants with external control over the absorption characteristics for stable heating in a throatless nozzle. The pulsejet experiments resulted in a ratio of thrust to laser power ~ 25 dynes/w. In order to increase the efficiency of propellant mass utilization, shorter laser pulses with higher power are desirable.
CAN Data Compression Using DLC and Compression Area Selection (2013)

Controller Area Network (CAN)의 개발 목적은 차량 내 Electronic Control Units (ECUs)간의 다중 통신을 통해 자동차에서 큰 부피와 무게를 차지하는 와이어 하네스를 저비용의 네트워크 케이블로 대체하기 위한 것이었다. 차량에 탑재되는 ECU들의 증가로 인해 CAN 데이터 전송량이 많아짐에 따라 CAN 버스로드와 오류 확률도 증가하고 있다. CAN 데이터 전송 시간은 CAN 프레임의 길이에 비례하기 때문에 프레임의 길이를 줄이게 되면 효율적으로 CAN 버스로드와 오류확률을 감소시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 CAN 메시지 길이를 감소시키기 위해 Data Length Code(DLC)와 전송 데이터 압축영역 설정 절차를 사용한 CAN 메시지 압축 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 방법에서는 기존의 알고리즘과 달리 변화량을 저장하기 위한 최대 변화량의 범위를 설정하지 않아도 되기 때문에 부정확한 설정에서 발생하는 오류나 지나친 설정에서 발생하는 압축효율 저하를 피할 수 있다. 또한, DLC 크기에 의해 압축 유무를 판단함으로써 기존 방법에서 제안된 두 개의 ID로 압축 여부를 판단하는 비효율적인 문제점을 해결할 수 있다. 실제차량 주행 후 얻은 데이터로 시뮬레이션 해본 결과, 기존의 방법에 비해 최대 52%까지 더 압축된 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 임베디드 테스트 보드를 이용하여 테스트 했을 때 한 개의 64비트 EMS CAN 데이터를 압축하는데 0.16ms가 소요되어 차량용 CAN 통신에 사용가능함을 보인다.
TSLP and Downstream Molecules in Experimental Mouse Allergic Conjunctivitis (2010)

This study provides new findings regarding the role of local mucosal epithelial cells in the initiation of ocular allergic inflammation by producing a novel proallergic cytokine, TSLP, which activates dendritic cells to prime Th2 differentiation and allergic inflammation through the TSLP-TSLPR and OX40L-OX40 signaling pathway.
Neuronal tissue polarization induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation? (2002)

In a blinded cross-over design, 10 healthy controls received 900 monophasic and biphasic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimuli over the primary motor cortex. Stimulation frequency was 1 Hz, and stimulation intensity 90% of the individual resting motor threshold. Suprathreshold stimuli applied at 0.1 Hz before and after repetitive stimulation controlled for changes in corticospinal excitability. We found a lasting corticospinal inhibition that was significantly more pronounced after monophasic than after biphasic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (motor evoked potential amplitude reduced by 35 +/- 20% vs 12 +/- 37%, mean+/- s.d.). We propose that the current flow in the coil plays a significant role in optimising after effects, and asymmetric current flow may be particularly efficient in building up tissue polarization.
Discovery and Refinement of a New Structural Class of Potent Peptide Deformylase Inhibitors (2006)

New classes of antibiotics are urgently needed to counter increasing levels of pathogen resistance. Peptide deformylase (PDF) was originally selected as a specific bacterial target, but a human homologue, the inhibition of which causes cell death, was recently discovered. We developed a dual-screening strategy for selecting highly effective compounds with low inhibition effect against human PDF. We selected a new scaffold in vitro that discriminated between human and bacterial PDFs. Analyses of structure-activity relationships identified potent antibiotics such as 2-(5-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-N-hydroxyacetamide (6b) with the same mode of action in vivo as previously identified PDF inhibitors but without the apoptotic effects of these inhibitors in human cells.
Some remarks on the growth-rate and angiogenesis of microvessels in ischemic stroke. Morphometric and immunocytochemical studies. (1993)

Variability in microvessel changes of blood vessel density has prompted us to undertake quantitative morphometric studies of infarcted areas in human brain. In the initial study, brains were obtained at autopsy from 10 patients (ages 45-85). Samples were collected from infarcted hemisphere and controls from the contralateral hemisphere. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded and thereafter routinely processed sections were stained after Pickworth and with HE. Altogether 6,520 microvessels, representing 10,801 microscopic fields were counted. The Wilcoxon Range test was used for statistical analysis. In 9 of 10 patients in infarcted brain hemispheres, there was a marked increase in microvessel density (p < 0.01), when compared with contralateral brain hemisphere. In addition, a positive correlation was also found between the time of survival and both total density and density of non-perfused blood vessels. To gain a deep insight into the enhanced activity of microvessels, immunocytochemical studies were performed, which have shown, that the vascular endothelial cells in infarcted brain were reactive to two monoclonal antibodies, one, E-9, directed against an activation/proliferation associated endothelial cell specific protein and the other recognizing adhesion molecule VCAM-1. Pan-endothelial Mab PECAM/CD31 was used in those studies for controls and confirmed the obtained results. Our findings strongly support the concept of angiogenesis in the infarcted area. If correlated with morphometric results, it may indicate an important role of microvessels in pathobiology of ischemic stroke.
Modeling of Blue Phase Liquid Crystal Displays (2009)

We propose a numerical model based on Kerr effect for simulating the electro-optics of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal displays (BP-LCDs). Parameters affecting the electro-optics of BP-LCDs in in-plane-switching (IPS) structures, such as wavelength, temperature, electrode dimension, and cell gap are investigated. In addition, viewing angle and color shift of IPS BP-LCDs are studied.
Dr. McCormack's Successful Work. (1906)

Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 5, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I had already learned much of what Dr. J. N. McCormack, as medical organizer of the American Medical Association, has been doing in other states, but was not fully impressed with the importance of his work until I heard him at Gallatin one week ago. This was his first lecture in middle Tennessee, and I was so anxious to learn something of the nature of his work that I visited Gallatin for the purpose of hearing him. He spoke in the courthouse at 2 p. m. to an audience composed of medical men, ministers, lawyers, county officials, business men, teachers and women. Every one present listened intently throughout his talk, which was entertaining, interesting and instructive. I am sure that the members of the county society were made more determined to perform their duties to each other and to the public better
A recursive algorithm for linear system identification (1986)

This paper deals with the pole-zero identification of a linear system from a measured input-output record. It is shown that the minimization of a modified version of the squared Kalman equation error can be implemented by an order recursive algorithm in the time domain. The algorithm is based on the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization of intertwined Krylov sequences involving a skew self-adjoint linear operator.
Field-Induced Self-Assembly of Suspended Colloidal Membranes (2009)

We report experiments that probe the self-assembly of micrometer-size colloids into one-particle-thick, robust, and self-healing membranes. In a magic-angle precessing magnetic field, superparamagnetic spheres experience isotropic pair attraction similar to the van der Waals force between atoms. But the many-body polarization interactions among them steer an ordered aggregation pathway consisting of growth of short chains, cross-linking and network formation, network coarsening, and consolidation of membrane patches. This generic aggregation scenario can be induced in any particles of large enough susceptibility.
AugMix: A Simple Data Processing Method to Improve Robustness and Uncertainty (2019)

Modern deep neural networks can achieve high accuracy when the training distribution and test distribution are identically distributed, but this assumption is frequently violated in practice. When the train and test distributions are mismatched, accuracy can plummet. Currently there are few techniques that improve robustness to unforeseen data shifts encountered during deployment. In this work, we propose a technique to improve the robustness and uncertainty estimates of image classifiers. We propose AugMix, a data processing technique that is simple to implement, adds limited computational overhead, and helps models withstand unforeseen corruptions. AugMix significantly improves robustness and uncertainty measures on challenging image classification benchmarks, closing the gap between previous methods and the best possible performance in some cases by more than half.