gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of Vasopressin in the Genetic and Neural Regulation of Monogamy (2004)

Arginine vasopressin modulates pairbond formation in the monogamous prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster). Our laboratory has investigated the genetic and neural mechanisms by which vasopressin and its V1a receptor (V1aR) regulate social attachment between mates. Non-monogamous vole species show strikingly different distribution patterns of brain V1aR expression compared to monogamous species, and these patterns are thought to arise from species differences in the respective promoter sequences of the V1aR gene. Individual differences in prairie vole V1aR patterns may also reflect individual differences in promoter sequences. Pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the specific brain regions that express V1aR in the 'monogamous pattern' allows multilevel examination of the neural circuits that underlie pairbond formation in monogamous species. For example, V1aR are expressed in brain regions involved in reward circuitry in monogamous vole species and have been implicated in pairbonding. V1aR are also highly expressed in regions implicated in the olfactory processing of sociosexual behaviour. We hypothesize that both circuits of reward and olfactory memory underlie the cognitive mechanisms that control pairbonding. When used in conjuction, genetic and cellular analyses of a complex social behaviour can provide a coherent framework with which to examine the role of the vasopressin system in species evolution and neural control of behaviour.
Quality Control in the Secretory Pathway: The Role of Calreticulin, Calnexin and BiP in the Retention of Glycoproteins with C-Terminal Truncations (1997)

Unlike properly folded and assembled proteins, most misfolded and incompletely assembled proteins are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum of mammalian cells and degraded without transport to the Golgi complex. To analyze the mechanisms underlying this unique sorting process and its fidelity, the fate of C-terminally truncated fragments of influenza hemagglutinin was determined. An assortment of different fragments was generated by adding puromycin at low concentrations to influenza virus-infected tissue culture cells. Of the fragments generated, < 2% was secreted, indicating that the system for detecting defects in newly synthesized proteins is quite stringent. The majority of secreted species corresponded to folding domains within the viral spike glycoprotein. The retained fragments acquired a partially folded structure with intra-chain disulfide bonds and conformation-dependent antigenic epitopes. They associated with two lectin-like endoplasmic reticulum chaperones (calnexin and calreticulin) but not BiP/GRP78. Inhibition of the association with calnexin and calreticulin by the addition of castanospermine significantly increased fragment secretion. However, it also caused association with BiP/GRP78. These results indicated that the association with calnexin and calreticulin was involved in retaining the fragments. They also suggested that BiP/GRP78 could serve as a backup for calnexin and calreticulin in retaining the fragments. In summary, the results showed that the quality control system in the secretory pathway was efficient and sensitive to folding defects, and that it involved multiple interactions with endoplasmic reticulum chaperones.
[Anti-estrogens and bone tissue]. (1995)

Anti-oestrogens are a class of non-steroid compounds with, depending on the tissue, oestrogen-antagonist or oestrogen-agonist actions resulting from different mechanisms, especially by binding to oestrogen receptors. These compounds are commonly called anti-oestrogens because of their extensive use in treating breast cancer. Tamoxifen, the first of these complex compounds, has a partial agonist effect on the endometrium and also affects bone and lipid metabolism. Currently, our knowledge of anti-oestrogen action on bone is based on experimental work and a few clinical trials with tamoxifen. The animal studies show that tamoxifen has a preventive effect against bone hyper-remodelling resulting form ovariectomy in the rat. Most of the clinical studies, including the most recent, show that tamoxifen has no deleterious effect, and possibly even a moderate protective effect against bone loss, in menopaused women. This effect on bone tissue, together with lowered plasma cholesterol levels, has led to the development of other compounds with a bone and lipid agonist effect and secondary effects limited to endometrial hyperplasia. Third generation compounds include droloxifen keoxifen (or raloxifen) currently under investigation. This research should lead to wider indications for anti-oestrogens in the prevention of the effects of post-menopause oestrogen deficiency, particularly in patients with contraindications for oestrogen therapy.
Effects of motion artifacts on helmet-mounted pulse oximeter sensors (2004)

Motion artifacts are known to affect the accuracy and reliability of pulse oximeters. In this paper we investigated the effects of typical motion artifacts associated with upper body movements on the stability of oxygen saturation (SpO/sub 2/) measurements from helmet-mounted pulse oximeter sensors. Preliminary tests performed using four reflectance sensors mounted on a military helmet and its supporting harness suggest that the forehead provides the most stable location for obtaining reliable measurements of SpO/sub 2/ in the field.
Untersuchungen zum Verlauf der Cyclisierung von Alkylmalonsäure‐ und β‐Amino‐crotonsäureestern zu alkylierten Hydroxypyridincarbonsäureestern (1982)

Investigations on the Cyclization of Alkylmalonic Acid Esters with β‐Aminocrotonic Acid Esters to Alkylated Hydroxypyridine Carboxylic Acid Esters The cyclization of substituted malonic esters with β‐aminocrotonic acid alkyl esters yields 2,4‐ or 4,6‐dihydroxy‐3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid esters, respectively, in dependence on the reaction conditions and the nature of the substituent in the malonic esters. In the presence of alcoholate malonic acid alkyl esters and alkylmalonic acid alkyl esters form 2,4‐dihydroxy‐3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid esters. Under the same conditions nitromalonic acid alkyl esters lead to 4,6‐dihydroxy‐3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid esters, which also arise in the thermal cyclization of malonic acid 2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl ester. The structure of the reaction products is determined by the relative nucleophilicity of the cyclization components.
Contrast‐enhanced MR angiography of the carotid bifurcation (1999)

With contrast-enhanced MR angiographic techniques, a T1-shortening contrast agent is injected into the blood stream.Imaging during the first pass of the contrast agent permits acquisition of a high-contrast MR angiogram.Scan parameters such as flip angle, repetition time, echo time, and scan duration, and injection parameters, such as dose and rate, must be carefully chosen to achieve maximum contrast between blood vessels and stationary tissues.A critical parameter affecting image quality is the timing of the acquisition relative to the injection.If the collection of the center of k-space does not coincide with peak arterial concentration, artifacts, reduced SNR, and venous enhancement may result.Several techniques have been developed to address the timing issue.Post-processing techniques such as subtracting a pre-contrast image from a postcontrast angiogram can be used to improve image quality.Intravascular contrast agents that may also lead to improved image quality are currently being developed.
True Zonal Isolation in Openhole Alternate Path Gravel Pack Completions (2012)

Abstract Openhole completions are often selected as the preferred completion technique to maximize reservoir flow potential and provide reliable, high capacity, low skin completions. With the advances of Alternate Path® Technology (APT), a full gravel pack can be realized under challenging well conditions to provide increased long-term reliability. One drawback to openhole gravel packs has always been the inability to isolate water or gas, whether it is during the initial completion or during the production lifecycle of the well. ExxonMobil embarked on a multi-year initiative to develop, qualify, and successfully deploy Shunt Zonal Isolation (SZI) packer technology that, when combined with Internal Shunt Alternate Path Technology (ISAPT) screens, can provide true zonal isolation in an openhole gravel pack completion. The new openhole technology enables greater extended drilling to capture additional pay, selective completions to isolate zones, and production flow control inside the screen basepipe similar to cased hole conditions. True zonal isolation in openhole gravel pack completions facilitates more flexible well planning and operational execution while maintaining reliable sand control. This paper will explore the range of application opportunities this new technology presents.
Zika virus infection enhances future risk of severe dengue disease (2020)

The Zika pandemic sparked intense interest in whether immune interactions among dengue virus serotypes 1 to 4 (DENV1 to -4) extend to the closely related Zika virus (ZIKV). We investigated prospective pediatric cohorts in Nicaragua that experienced sequential DENV1 to -3 (2004 to 2015), Zika (2016 to 2017), and DENV2 (2018 to 2020) epidemics. Risk of symptomatic DENV2 infection and severe disease was elevated by one prior ZIKV infection, one prior DENV infection, or one prior DENV infection followed by one ZIKV infection, compared with being flavivirus-naïve. By contrast, multiple prior DENV infections reduced dengue risk. Further, although high preexisting anti-DENV antibody titers protected against DENV1, DENV3, and ZIKV disease, intermediate titers induced by previous ZIKV or DENV infection enhanced future risk of DENV2 disease and severity, as well as DENV3 severity. The observation that prior ZIKV infection can modulate dengue disease severity like a DENV serotype poses challenges to development of dengue and Zika vaccines.
Optics at Imperial College, London (1979)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text STANLEY S. BALLARD, "Optics at Imperial College, London," Appl. Opt. 18, 609-610 (1979) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Recovery of Citrus Cloud from Aqueous Peel Extract by Microfiltration (1984)

ABSTRACT Microfiltration of reconsituted aqueous peel extract resulted in linear flux decline with time. Feed stream of reconstituted peel extract does not foul the membrane and flux decline is due solely to increased retentate viscosity. Cloud was concentrated up to 6.3% of washed dry matter, compared with 1.5% achieved by vacuum heat concentration. Permeate was at constant low viscosity during filtration experiment, free of insolubles, and crystal clear. Soluble sugars do not contribute to fouling gel layer; their permeation flux is constant, and is only a function of viscosity. Soluble high‐molecular‐weight polymers, such as pectins, cause membrane fouling and flux depression. Fluxes for soluble constituents, sucrose and pectin, were higher than those of reconstituted peel extract with similar viscosity.
Bioinformatics Analysis of the Human Surfaceome Reveals New Targets for a Variety of Tumor Types (2016)

It is estimated that 10 to 20% of all genes in the human genome encode cell surface proteins and due to their subcellular localization these proteins represent excellent targets for cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. Therefore, a precise characterization of the surfaceome set in different types of tumor is needed. Using TCGA data from 15 different tumor types and a new method to identify cancer genes, the <i>S</i>-score, we identified several potential therapeutic targets within the surfaceome set. This allowed us to expand a previous analysis from us and provided a clear characterization of the human surfaceome in the tumor landscape. Moreover, we present evidence that a three-gene set-WNT5A, CNGA2, and IGSF9B-can be used as a signature associated with shorter survival in breast cancer patients. The data made available here will help the community to develop more efficient diagnostic and therapeutic tools for a variety of tumor types.
Direct Observation of Amyloid Fibril Growth Monitored by Thioflavin T Fluorescence (2003)

Real-time monitoring of fibril growth is essential to clarify the mechanism of amyloid fibril formation. Thioflavin T (ThT) is a reagent known to become strongly fluorescent upon binding to amyloid fibrils. Here, we show that, by monitoring ThT fluorescence with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM), amyloid fibrils of beta2-microgobulin (beta2-m) can be visualized without requiring covalent fluorescence labeling. One of the advantages of TIRFM would be that we selectively monitor fibrils lying along the slide glass, so that we can obtain the exact length of fibrils. This method was used to follow the kinetics of seed-dependent beta2-m fibril extension. The extension was unidirectional with various rates, suggesting the heterogeneity of the amyloid structures. Since ThT binding is common to all amyloid fibrils, the present method will have general applicability for the analysis of amyloid fibrils. We confirmed this with the octapeptide corresponding to the C terminus derived from human medin and the Alzheimer's amyloid beta-peptide.
Genomic rearrangements in the<i>CFTR</i>gene: Extensive allelic heterogeneity and diverse mutational mechanisms (2004)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR/ABCC7). Despite the extensive and enduring efforts of many CF researchers over the past 14 years, up to 30% of disease alleles still remain to be identified in some populations. It has long been suggested that gross genomic rearrangements could account for these unidentified alleles. To date, however, only a few large deletions have been found in the CFTR gene and only three have been fully characterized. Here, we report the first systematic screening of the 27 exons of the CFTR gene for large genomic rearrangements, by means of the quantitative multiplex PCR of short fluorescent fragments (QMPSF). A well-characterized cohort of 39 classical CF patients carrying at least one unidentified allele (after extensive and complete screening of the CFTR gene by both denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography) participated in this study. Using QMPSF, some 16% of the previously unidentified CF mutant alleles were identified and characterized, including five novel mutations (one large deletion and four indels). The breakpoints of these five mutations were precisely determined, enabling us to explore the underlying mechanisms of mutagenesis. Although non-homologous recombination may be invoked to explain all five complex lesions, each mutation appears to have arisen through a different mechanism. One of the indels was highly unusual in that it involved the insertion of a short 41 bp sequence with partial homology to a retrotranspositionally-competent LINE-1 element. The insertion of this ultra-short LINE-1 element (dubbed a "hyphen element") may constitute a novel type of mutation associated with human genetic disease.
The Research of Video Matching Algorithm Based on Spatio-temporal Feature (2007)

The proliferation of video content makes video similarity detection an indispensable tool in video management, searching, and navigation. In this paper, an effective algorithm targets on detecting given video clips from TV programs is proposed. The algorithm has the following two advantages. Firstly, the algorithm can handle the offset of color or brightness and abrupt intense disturbance which are frequently seen on video transmission. Secondly, the algorithm is robust against TV channel noise and problems caused by video re-editing, such as the slow or fast motion. Video spatio-temporal feature (VSTF) is defined to represent the content of this video. And an improved dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm is used to cope with noise and problems caused by video re-editing. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Riluzole is a radio‐sensitizing agent in an in vivo model of brain metastasis derived from <scp>GRM</scp>1 expressing human melanoma cells (2014)

Approximately 50% of patients having metastatic melanoma develop brain metastases during the course of their illness. Evidence exists that melanoma cells have increased aptitude for the repair of sublethal DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation therapy. To address the radio-resistance of melanoma, many groups adopted radiotherapy schedules that deliver larger daily fractions of radiation, but due to the risk of neurotoxicity, these large fractions cannot be delivered to the whole brain for patients with brain metastases. Here, we used orthotopic implanted GRM1 expressing human melanoma cell xenografts in mice, to demonstrate that animals receiving concurrent glutamate signaling blockade (riluzole) and radiation led to a decrease in intracranial tumor growth compared to either modality alone. These preclinical results suggest riluzole may cause radio-sensitization that offers enhanced efficacy for a subset of human melanoma patients undergoing radiotherapy for brain metastasis.
Optical parametric chirped pulse amplification in periodically poled LiTaO3 at multi-kHz repetition rates (2007)

Double-stage multi-kHz optical parametric chirped pulse amplification is demonstrated near 935 nm and 1235 nm. Using a Cr:forsterite seed laser and two periodically poled stoichiometric LiTaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> crystals as gain media, total (signal+idler) amplified energies of 55.7 muJ and 35.6 muJ were obtained at 1 kHz and 5 kHz, respectively.
Mechanical Factors Affecting Electrical Drive Performance (1969)

High-performance dc drive systems are often affected by mechanical characteristics such as torsional vibrations, backlash, and disturbances generated by misalignment, unbalance, or pulsating loads. The seriousness of the effect and the means available to reduce it are dependent on the responsiveness of the drive system. In general, the system must be made either responsive enough to counteract the mechanical characteristic or sluggish enough to ignore it. If this modification of the system response is impractical, the mechanical characteristics and/or the drive characteristics must be modified until an acceptable compromise can be achieved.
Screening for Epigenetic Target Genes that Enhance Reprogramming Using Lentiviral-Delivered shRNA (2010)

Small molecules will need to be identified and/or developed that target protein classes limiting reprogramming efficiency. A specific class of proteins includes epigenetic regulators that silence, or minimize expression, of pluripotency genes in differentiated cells. To better understand the role of specific epigenetic modulators in reprogramming, we have used shRNA delivered by lentivirus to assess the significance of individual epi-proteins in reprogramming pluripotent gene expression.
Polarization insensitive multiple quantum well laser amplifiers for the 1300 nm window (1993)

A polarization insensitive (less than 1 dB gain difference over the 3 dB gain bandwidth) multiple quantum well laser amplifier for the 1300 nm window is reported for the first time. The amplifiers employ a single active layer containing three tensile strained and four compressively strained quantum wells and show a fiber to fiber gain of 16 dB at 1310 nm and 200 mA driving current. Furthermore at the same wavelength these devices have a record low fiber coupled noise figure of 6.5 dB and a conveniently high fiber coupled saturation output power of 13 dBm for both polarizations.
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE FRIES REACTION<sup>1</sup> (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE FRIES REACTION1F. F. Blicke and O. J. WeinkauffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1932, 54, 1, 330–334Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01340a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01340a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of antibodies against infliximab and etanercept on the treatment effectiveness of these agents in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2012)

We investigated the influence of antibodies against infliximab and etanercept on the serum trough levels of these agents and the influence of these antibodies on the effectiveness of treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with these agents. Forty patients treated with infliximab for 54 weeks and 40 patients treated with etanercept for 32 weeks were enrolled. They were divided into responder and non-responder groups. Serum trough levels of and antibodies against these agents were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or radioimmunoassay. Of the 40 patients treated with infliximab, 14 (35%) had anti-infliximab antibodies. Serum trough levels were significantly lower in the non-responder group (14 patients) than in the responder group (26 patients) 6 weeks after initiation of infliximab (p < 0.05). Conversely, titers of anti-infliximab antibody were significantly higher in the non-responder group than in the responder group between 6 and 38 weeks after initiation of infliximab (p < 0.05). Anti-etanercept antibodies were not detected in any patients on etanercept. Serum trough levels of etanercept were not significantly different between the responder (31 patients) and non-responder groups (9 patients). It seems that the appearance of anti-infliximab antibodies might decrease infliximab serum concentrations and, thereby, reduce the agent’s effectiveness. The clinical efficacy of etanercept does not appear to be affected by the serum concentrations if it is administered at standard doses.
Improving Visual Programming Languages for Multimedia Authoring (1993)

This paper summarizes our observations and experience with two commercial multimedia authoring packages and provides the following results: . Detailed criteria for evaluating visual programming interfaces for multimedia authoring . Example iconic programs for comparing different multimedia visual programming tools . General recommendations for improving the design of such systems&apos; user interfaces Multimedia authoring tools are a significant enabling tool for courseware and other interactive presentations. However, the development of such materials with the best tools available today requires significant expertise, equipment, and time. The goal of this paper is to further advance the usability of such tools.