gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computer-assisted navigation in total knee replacement: results of an initial experience in thirty-five patients. (1995)

The success of total knee replacement surgery depends on several factors, including proper patient selection, appropriate implant design, correct surgical technique, and effective perioperative care. The outcome of total knee replacement surgery is particularly sensitive to variations in surgical technique 1-9. Incorrect positioning or orientation of the implant and improper alignment of the limb can lead to accelerated implant wear and loosening as well as suboptimal functional performance. A number of studies have suggested that alignment errors of >3° are associated with more rapid failure and less satisfactory functional results after total knee arthroplasty 1,10-20. Recent studies have also emphasized that the most common cause for revision total knee replacement is error in surgical technique.

Mechanical alignment guides have improved the accuracy with which implants can be inserted. Although mechanical alignment systems are continually being refined, errors in implant and limb alignment continue to occur. It has been estimated that errors in tibial and femoral alignment of >3° occur in at least 10% of total knee arthroplasties, even when performed by experienced surgeons using mechanical alignment systems of modern design. Mechanical alignment systems have fundamental problems that limit their ultimate accuracy. The accuracy of preoperative planning is limited by the errors inherent in standard radiographs. It is difficult to determine accurately, with standard instrumentation, the correct location of crucial alignment landmarks (e.g., the center of the femoral head, the center of the ankle). Moreover, mechanical alignment and sizing devices presume a standardized bone geometry that may not apply to a specific patient. Even the most elaborate mechanical instrumentation systems rely on visual inspection to confirm the accuracy of limb and implant alignment and stability at the conclusion of the total knee replacement procedure.

Computer-based alignment systems have been developed to address the …
Sequence and characterization of the<i>gcpE</i>gene of<i>Escherichia coli</i> (1992)

In Escherichia coli, the gene gcpE encodes a protein of unknown function and lies immediately upstream of the hisS gene for histidyl-tRNA synthetase. The nucleic acid sequence of gcpE predicts an open reading frame for a protein of 40 681 Da. The probable transcription terminator of gcpE overlaps the hisS promoter. Haploid cells containing a disrupted gcpE could not be obtained, suggesting that the gcpE gene is essential.
Site-Specific Integration of an Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Plasmid Mediated by Regulated Expression of Rep Based on Cre- <i>loxP</i> Recombination (2000)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) type 2 has attracted attention because it appears to have the potential to serve as a vector for human gene therapy. An interesting feature of wild-type AAV is its site-specific integration into AAVS1, a defined locus on chromosome 19. This reaction requires the presence of two viral elements: inverted terminal repeats and Rep78/68. Accordingly, current AAV vectors lacking the rep gene lack the capacity for site-specific integration. In this report, we describe the use of Cre-loxP recombination in a novel system for the regulated, transient expression of Rep78, which is potentially cytotoxic when synthesized constitutively. We constructed a plasmid in which the p5 promoter was situated downstream of the rep coding sequence; in this configuration, rep expression is silent. However, Cre circularizes the rep expression unit, directly joining the p5 promoter to the 5' end of the rep78 coding sequence, resulting in expression of Rep78. Such structural and functional changes were confirmed by detailed molecular analysis. A key feature of this system is that Rep expression was terminated when the circular molecule was linearized and integrated into the chromosome. Using this regulated expression system, we attempted site-specific integration of AAV vector plasmids. A PCR-based assay and analysis of fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the AAV vector sequence was integrated into chromosome 19. Sequence analysis also confirmed that transient expression of Rep78 was sufficient for site-specific integration at the AAVS1 locus, as is observed with integration of wild-type AAV.
Quasioptical Sapphire Resonators in the Form of a Truncated Cone (2008)

This paper reports on a detailed experimental study of quasioptical dielectric resonators (QDRs) designed in the form of a truncated cone and excited on whispering-gallery modes. One aim of this paper is to study of the eigenfrequency spectrum and quality factors of single-crystal sapphire resonators. A second aim is to show the applicability of the resonator technique not only in optical but also in the millimeter-wave range, in particular, for studying the surface resistance (Rs) of high-temperature superconducting films. The measured frequencies of QDR as a function of the wedge angle of the cone resonator are in a good agreement with those frequencies simulated using the CST Microwave Studio 2006 program. Additionally, electrodynamic characteristics of the cone resonator and hemispherical dielectric resonator with conducting endplate are compared.
Application of an active comparator-based benefit-risk Assessment in evaluating clinical trial design features of a new chemical entity using a Bayesian decision-theoretic framework. (2010)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. June 2010. Major: Social, Administrative, and Clinical Pharmacy. Advisor:Richard C. Brundage, Ph.D. 1 computer file (PDF); ix, 129 pages, appendix A. Ill. (some col.)
Effect of substance P on mucus secretion of isolated submucosal gland from feline trachea (1987)

To elucidate how substance P (SP) produces submucosal gland secretion, we examined the effects of SP on the glandular contractile response and 3H-labeled glycoconjugate release in isolated submucosal glands from feline tracheae. SP (10(-12) to 10(-4) M) produced dose-dependent increases in the contractile response, and the maximal tension induced by SP was approximately 70% of the response to methacholine. SP-induced contraction is blocked completely by atropine and augmented by neostigmine. Pretreatment with hemicholinium 3, an acetylcholine synthesis inhibitor, inhibited the contractile response to SP. Pretreatment with tetrodotoxin did not inhibit the contractile response to SP. Capsaicin induced tension of a magnitude similar to that of SP. SP (10(-7) M) produced a significant increase (74% above control) in radiolabeled glycoconjugate release from isolated glands, whereas SP had no significant effects on glycoconjugate release from tracheal explants, probably because of epithelial suppression. Atropine abolished SP-evoked glycoconjugate release in isolated glands. Our findings indicate that 1) SP induces glandular contraction, which is related to the squeezing of mucus in the ducts and secretory tubules, 2) SP stimulates radiolabeled glycoconjugate release in isolated submucosal gland, probably involving mucus synthesis and/or cellular secretion, and 3) these two actions are mediated by a peripheral cholinergic mechanism.
Implementing references as chains of links (2003)

The article discusses uniform transparent access to objects, be they local, remote, persistent, or mobile. In this way, the authors facilitate distributed programming and persistence management. An object (the target) is accessed through a reference. A reference retains its meaning as it is copied, stored, passed in messages, and as the target migrates. A reference is used to invoke a procedure (or method) of the target object. References support standard single-space targets, as well as fragmented objects. The cost of using a reference to a local object is comparable to the cost of accessing the object through a pointer. In the implementation, a reference is a chain of links. Each link embodies a small piece of functionality. A chain may be composed of an arbitrary number of links.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) global rating scale to evaluate the skills of surgical trainees in the operating room (2012)

Using the OSATS global rating scale to assess the surgical skills of trainees in the OR was feasible and effective.
Potential for Polyvalent Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines (1975)

SUMMARY Numerous antigenic types and subtypes of infectious bronchitis virus ( ibv ) have been isolated and characterized from field epornitics of infectious bronchitis ( ib ). Thus obvious failures in obtaining the necessary protection from vaccination have been documented and they underscore the urgent need for vaccines which stimulate a broader spectrum of protection from heterologous ibv challenge than is presently obtained. If polyvalent ib vaccines are to be employed, assurance must be provided that variant ibv serotypes are not indiscriminately spread throughout the country or globe. Furthermore, possible interference, alteration, and reduction in immune response with the component antigens should be critically evaluated. Differences and comparative levels of postvaccinal respiratory signs with the different antigens, used singly and in combination, should be determined. As an alternative to polyvalent ib vaccines, certain Massachusetts-type strains, e.g., a Holland isolate ibv , at different passage levels in the authors’ laboratory, have induced heterologous and homologous protection to some serotypes causing vexing field problems. Advantages are present in using a single antigenic type ib vaccine, if it is safe and effective, when compared to polyvalent vaccines. The absence of a serologic relationship to the results of immunity challenge is frequent with ibv isolates, which emphasizes that challenge results are considerably more important. In some ib problems, on a local or regional basis, autogenous vaccines may be indicated. Because of the multiplicity of ibv serotypes, however, it is doubtful that completely effective and safe ib vaccines will be forthcoming in the near future to satisfy the diverse needs of a dynamic poultry industry.
Brain Tumour Segmentation based on Extremely Randomized Forest with high-level features (2015)

Gliomas are among the most common and aggressive brain tumours. Segmentation of these tumours is important for surgery and treatment planning, but also for follow-up evaluations. However, it is a difficult task, given that its size and locations are variable, and the delineation of all tumour tissue is not trivial, even with all the different modalities of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). We propose a discriminative and fully automatic method for the segmentation of gliomas, using appearance- and context-based features to feed an Extremely Randomized Forest (Extra-Trees). Some of these features are computed over a non-linear transformation of the image. The proposed method was evaluated using the publicly available Challenge database from BraTS 2013, having obtained a Dice score of 0.83, 0.78 and 0.73 for the complete tumour, and the core and the enhanced regions, respectively. Our results are competitive, when compared against other results reported using the same database.
Studies of calcium binding proteins 1 and 2 and protein kinase CK2 (1998)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a major intracellular compartment of eukaryotic cells and is the site of the synthesis and post-translational modification of both secretory and membrane glycoprot ...
Potential Response of Lead Dioxide/Lead(II) Galvanostatic Cycling in Methanesulfonic Acid: A Morphologico-Kinetics Interpretation (2012)

International audience
A Gray Box Approach For High-Fidelity, High-Speed Time-Travel Debugging (2016)

Time-travel debugging (TTD) lets developers step backward as well as forward through a program’s execution. TTD is a powerful mechanism for diagnosing bugs, but previous approaches suffer from poor performance due to checkpoint and logging overhead, or poor fidelity because important information like GUI state is not tracked. In this paper, we describe how to provide high performance and high-fidelity TTD to programs written in managed languages. Previous high-performance debuggers treat components external to the program like the GUI as black boxes, but that is not sufficient for high fidelity time-travel. Instead, we advocate for a gray-box approach that keeps these components live and in sync with the program during time-travel. The key insight is that managed runtime APIs expose most of the functionality required to do this; where it does not, we extend the runtime with a small number of non-intrusive interrogative interfaces. To demonstrate the power of our gray-box approach, we implement ReJS, a time-traveling debugger for web applications. ReJS imposes imperceptible tracing overhead, and its logs typically grow less than 1 KB/s. As a result, ReJS is performant enough to be deployed in the wild; real client machines can ship buggy execution traces across the wide area to developer-side machines for debugging.
Autonomic Nervous System (2018)

The autonomic nervous system is one of the most important involuntary control mechanisms that primarily controls and modulates the functions of the visceral organs. The book discusses some of the specificities of the autonomic nervous system in terms of dendritic development in the sympathetic compartment, as well as a detailed description of noradrenergic groups and their key role in the modulation of all antinociceptive and autonomic responses elicited by painful or threatening situations. In the book, only those cases are mentioned that are closely related to disorders or changes of function of the autonomic nervous system. This book can evoke interest in many researchers who want to use the information for the advancement of their research towards a better understanding of the autonomic regulatory mechanisms.
DSDNet: Deep Structured self-Driving Network (2020)

In this paper, we propose the Deep Structured self-Driving Network (DSDNet), which performs object detection, motion prediction, and motion planning with a single neural network. Towards this goal, we develop a deep structured energy based model which considers the interactions between actors and produces socially consistent multimodal future predictions. Furthermore, DSDNet explicitly exploits the predicted future distributions of actors to plan a safe maneuver by using a structured planning cost. Our sample-based formulation allows us to overcome the difficulty in probabilistic inference of continuous random variables. Experiments on a number of large-scale self driving datasets demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art.
Improvement of photovoltaic response based on enhancement of spin-orbital coupling and triplet states in organic solar cells (2008)

This article reports an improvement of photovoltaic response by dispersing phosphorescent Ir(ppy)3 molecules in an organic solar cell of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1 4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) blended with surface-functionalized fullerene 1-(3-methyloxycarbonyl)propy(1-phenyl [6,6]) C61 (PCBM). The magnetic field–dependent photocurrent indicates that the dispersed Ir(ppy)3 molecules increase the spin-orbital coupling strength with the consequence of changing the singlet and triplet ratios through intersystem crossing due to the penetration of the delocalized π electrons of MEH-PPV into the large orbital magnetic field of Ir(ppy)3 dopants. The tuning of singlet and triplet exciton ratios can lead to an enhancement of photovoltaic response due to their different contributions to the two different photocurrent generation channels: exciton dissociation and exciton-charge reaction in organic materials. In addition, the photoluminescence temperature dependence reveals that the dispersed Ir(ppy)3 reduces the recombination of dissociated charge carriers in the PCBM doped MEH-PPV. As a result, adjusting singlet and triplet ratios by introducing heavy-metal complex Ir(ppy)3 provides a mechanism to improve the photovoltaic response through controlling exciton dissociation, exciton-charge reaction, and recombination of dissociated charge carriers in organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells.
Field Measurements and Simulation of Bridge Scour Depth Variations during Floods (2008)

An understanding of bridge scour mechanisms during floods in a fluvial river is very important for cost-effective bridge foundation design. Reliable bridge scour data for flood events are limited. In this study, field experiments were performed at the Si-Lo Bridge in the lower Cho-Shui River, the longest river in Taiwan, to collect scour-depth data using a sliding magnetic collar, a steel rod, and a numbered-brick column. By separating each scour component, a methodology for simulating the temporal variations of the total scour depth under unsteady flow conditions is proposed. The proposed total-scour model integrates three scour components, namely general scour, contraction scour, and local scour. The collected field data, comprising both general scour and total scour depths, are used to validate the applicability of the proposed model. Based on the peak flow discharges during floods, a comparison of the local scour depths calculated using several commonly used equilibrium local scour formulas indicates that most equations may overestimate the local scour depth.
Extension of the GLYCAM06 biomolecular force field to lipids, lipid bilayers and glycolipids (2008)

GLYCAM06 is a generalisable biomolecular force field that is extendible to diverse molecular classes in the spirit of a small-molecule force field. Here we report parameters for lipids, lipid bilayers and glycolipids for use with GLYCAM06. Only three lipid-specific atom types have been introduced, in keeping with the general philosophy of transferable parameter development. Bond stretching, angle bending, and torsional force constants were derived by fitting to quantum mechanical data for a collection of minimal molecular fragments and related small molecules. Partial atomic charges were computed by fitting to ensemble-averaged quantum-computed molecular electrostatic potentials.In addition to reproducing quantum mechanical internal rotational energies and experimental valence geometries for an array of small molecules, condensed-phase simulations employing the new parameters are shown to reproduce the bulk physical properties of a DMPC lipid bilayer. The new parameters allow for molecular dynamics simulations of complex systems containing lipids, lipid bilayers, glycolipids, and carbohydrates, using an internally consistent force field. By combining the AMBER parameters for proteins with the GLYCAM06 parameters, it is also possible to simulate protein-lipid complexes and proteins in biologically relevant membrane-like environments.
<title>Production and testing of development mandrels for Constellation-X</title> (2000)

Two identical Wolter type 1 mandrels, with 50 cm diameter and 8.4 meter focal length, to be used by NASA/MSFC for their Constellation-X mirror development program, have been produced and tested by Carl Zeiss. In August 1999, both mandrels have been delivered to MSFC. Key optical performance of both mandrels: On-axis HEW; < 3.2 arc sec and micro-roughness: better than 0.30 nm RMS. We will report about mandrels design, fabrication, test and verification of their X-ray optical performance.
Difficulties of Recruitment for a Randomized Controlled Trial Involving Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Older People (2002)

Inaccurate beliefs about influenza vaccination persist across a wide section of the community. Efforts should be made by all health professionals to correct these false beliefs and ensure that those at risk can be easily recognized and targeted for vaccination.
Twin-image elimination in in-line holography of finite-support complex objects (1991)

Reconstruction of in-line holograms suffers from the superposition of two twin images having different foci but identical information content. A simple iterative method of twin-image elimination is presented here. It is based on the fact that, if the object has a finite support and the recording distance is not too small, the out-of-focus field is known on a large part of the reconstruction plane and is only superposed by the in-focus one inside a restricted support. An iterative procedure is developed to recover the out-of-focus wave inside the in-focus image support. Inverse diffraction then gives the reconstructed image. This procedure can be easily automated and works for finite-support real or complex objects, recorded in geometries with a Fresnel number of ~1.
Evaluation with an iuc::Tn10 mutant of the role of aerobactin production in the virulence of Shigella flexneri (1987)

To evaluate the role of aerobactin production in the virulence of Shigella flexneri, a iuc::Tn10 insertion mutant was obtained from strain M90T, a serotype 5 isolate. This mutant was tested for its ability to invade and kill HeLa cells in monolayers, to elicit keratoconjunctivitis in guinea pigs and to infect ligated segments of rabbit ileal loops. Although this mutant did not grow in iron-depleted media, its ability to grow intracellulalry and eventually kill HeLa cells was unchanged from that of the wild-type strain. On the other hand, an inoculum-dependent effect was observed in the Sereny test, as well as in the rabbit ligated ileal loop model, which was monitored for fluid production and for both gross and microscopical alterations of the mucosa. Transduction of the mutation within a noninvasive plasmidless derivative of the parental strain did not alter growth within the intestinal lumen. We conclude that aerobactin production most probably provides invasive strains with a selective advantage for growth within tissues when located in extracellular compartments.
[{Sb<sub>2</sub>(Ncy)<sub>4</sub>}<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>4</sub>]: A Mixed‐Metal Antimony(<scp>III</scp>)/Copper(<scp>I</scp>) Complex Containing a Cu<sub>4</sub> Square Plane (1994)

Polyamidoantimony anions are durable and effective ligands. as illustrated by the synthesis of 1 from 2 and CuCl. The Cu4 framework of 1 is essentially square planar. The cyclohexyl (cy) substituents have been omitted from the picture shown on the right.
Telnet X display location option (1989)

This RFC specifies a standard for the Internet community. Hosts on the
Internet that transmit the X display location within the Telnet
protocol are expected to adopt and implement this standard.
A Versatile Power-Line-Carrier System (1944)

Power-line carrier has kept pace with the swift progress of the electronic art during the last several years. This progress has been due mainly to the stimulus injected by the war effort. In most of the specialized fields of electronics, the advancement was necessitated and promoted strictly for military purposes. Power-line carrier, however, was and is the soldier of the home front. Its duties have been expanded to include as many functions as possible consistent with reliability, economy, and convenience. The economic feature is especially significant now, since, during wartime emergencies, the material resources of the nation are allotted, and properly so, to those agencies concerned with the battle front. Material for new power lines, new generating equipment, new telephone lines, and for other similar programs of expansion is therefore not generally available. However, power-line carrier comes to the rescue and effectively provides additional circuits and higher power-handling capacity for existing installations.