gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Analysis of the Proximal Adjacent Segment after Multilevel Instrumentation of the Thoracic Spine: Do Hooks Ease the Transition? (2015)

Study Design Biomechanical cadaveric study. Objective Clinical studies indicate that using less-rigid fixation techniques in place of the standard all-pedicle screw construct when correcting for scoliosis may reduce the incidence of proximal junctional kyphosis and improve patient outcomes. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is a biomechanical advantage to using supralaminar hooks in place of pedicle screws at the upper-instrumented vertebrae in a multilevel thoracic construct. Methods T7-T12 spines were biomechanically tested: (1) intact; (2) following a two-level pedicles screw fusion from T9 to T11; and after proximal extension of the fusion to T8-T9 with (3) bilateral supra-laminar hooks, (4) a unilateral hook + unilateral screw hybrid, or (5) bilateral pedicle screws. Specimens were nondestructively loaded while three-dimensional kinematics and intradiscal pressure at the supra-adjacent level were recorded. Results Supra-adjacent hypermobility was reduced when bilateral hooks were used in place of pedicle screws at the upper-instrumented level, with statistically significant differences in lateral bending and torsion (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Disk pressures in the supra-adjacent segment were not statistically different among top-off techniques. Conclusions The use of supralaminar hooks at the top of a multilevel posterior fusion construct reduces the stress at the proximal uninstrumented motion segment. Although further data is needed to provide a definitive link to the clinical occurrence of PJK, this in vitro study demonstrates the potential benefit of "easing" the transition between the stiff instrumented spine and the flexible native spine and is the first to demonstrate these results with laminar hooks.
SYNTHESIS AND BIOPHYSICAL TESTING OF A NOVEL PYRROLE-CONTAINING POLYAMIDE-BENZAMIDINE HYBRID (2006)

This communication details the rationale for the design of a novel polyamide molecule, 1, in which the standard dimethylamino C-terminus functionality has been replaced with a benzamidine moiety. The synthesis of this molecule and the subsequent DNA binding properties, determined from surface plasmon resonance and DNA melts are reported. The benzamidine moiety was shown to significantly increase the binding affinity of the polyamide to its cognate AATTT sequence compared to the parent C-terminus compound 2.
Studies of pendant arm macrocyclic ligands. Part 7. Synthesis of two sexidentate macrocycles based upon a pyridine-containing tetra-aza macrocycle with either two 2-pyridylmethyl or two 1-pyrazolylmethyl pendant co-ordinating arms, and characterisation of their cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), and zinc(II) complexes. Crystal structure of {3,11-di(2-pyridylmethyl)-3,7,11,17-tetra-azabicyclo[11.3.1]heptadeca-1(17),13,15-triene}nickel(II) perchlorate (1990)

Two new sexidentate macrocycles, 3,11 -di(2-pyridylmethyl)-3,7,11,17-tetra-azabicyclo[11.3.1]heptadeca-1(17),13,15-triene(L1) and 7-methyl-3,11-di-(1-pyrazolylmethyl)-3,7,11,17-tetra-azabicyclo[11.3.1]heptadeca-1(17),13,15-triene (L2), have been prepared and characterised, together with their metal complexes of formula [M(L)][ClO4]2(M = Co, Ni, Cu, or Zn; L = L1 or L2). An X-ray crystal structure of [Ni(L1)][ClO4]2 shows the nickel to be six-co-ordinate, with the macrocycle in a folded conformation, and with the two pendant 2-pyridylmethyl arms occupying cis co-ordination sites.
Synthesis of coloured ceramic pigments by using chromite and manganese ores mixtures (2010)

The aim of this work is not only the synthesis of black ceramic pigment with spinel structure using local and inexpensive minerals (chromite and manganese ores) but also throw some light on the relations between the structure and the colour of obtained pigment. Ultimate utilization spinel solid solution in ceramic materials is mostly due to their structure characteristics, their thermal and chemical stability. In this study colour pigments were ned by calcinations at 1250 ºC starting from a mixture of chromite and manganese oxide. Different compositions were tested containing 30, 40 and 50 wt.% of manganese oxide (low and high content respectively). The phase composition and microstructure characterization of both raw material and obtained pigments were evaluated by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, polarizing microscope and scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, the colour measurements of the obtained pigments and tiles were evaluated. Composition of all pigments reveal the spinel structure with Cr2FeO4; hematite was also recorded in the mixture of low manganese. The degree of lightness is relatively same in the pigments mixtures of both manganese types. However, tiles could be considered lightness compared with its pigments, especially of the high manganese type. The solid state calcinations reactions are indeed able to form intense brown pigments that can be used as a stain for industrial ceramic applications. The production of less expensive black ceramic pigments from low cost and less pure raw materials that can be utilized in Egypt to substitute for the imported pure oxides or salts is proved superior performance for producing painted pigments.
Game-on-demand: (2011)

In recent years, online gaming has become very popular. In contrast to stand-alone games, online games tend to be large-scale and typically support interactions among users. However, due to the high network latency of the Internet, smooth interactions among the users are often difficult. The huge and dynamic geometry data sets also make it difficult for some machines, such as handheld devices, to run those games. These constraints have stimulated some research interests on online gaming, which may be broadly categorized into two areas: technological support and user-perceived visual quality . Technological support concerns the performance issues while user-perceived visual quality concerns the presentation quality and accuracy of the game. In this article, we propose a game-on-demand engine that addresses both research areas. The engine distributes game content progressively to each client based on the player's location in the game scene. It comprises a two-level content management scheme and a prioritized content delivery scheme to help identify and deliver relevant game content at appropriate quality to each client dynamically. To improve the effectiveness of the prioritized content delivery scheme, it also includes a synchronization scheme to minimize the location discrepancy of avatars (game players). We demonstrate the performance of the proposed engine through numerous experiments.
Locating a Protein−Protein Interaction in Living Cells via Split <i>Renilla</i> Luciferase Complementation (2003)

For spatial and quantitative kinetic analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in living mammalian cells, a method was developed in which PPI-induced complementation of split Renilla luciferase triggers spontaneous emission of luminescence using a cell membrane permeable substrate, coelenterazine. This split Renilla luciferase complementation readout was shown to work for locating a PPI between the tyrosine-phosphorylated peptide (Y941) of IRS-1 and the SH2 domain of PI3K among insulin signaling pathways in living Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing human insulin receptors (CHO-HIR). It was thereby found that the insulin-stimulated interaction occurred near the plasma membrane in the cytosol.
Language-Based Information Erasure (2005)

Real computing systems sometimes need to forget sensitive information. This paper explores the specification and semantics of information erasure policies, which impose a strong, end-to-end requirement that information be either erased or made less accessible. Simple lattice-based information flow policies, corresponding to a noninterference requirement, are augmented with the ability to express explicit erasure and declassification policies. Examples are given of applying this expressive policy language to real systems. The paper gives tools for reasoning about policy enforcement either statically or dynamically. Further, the significance of these policies to security is formally explained in terms of trace-based semantic security properties: generalizations of noninterference that accommodate erasure and declassification.
Aqueous exfoliated graphene by amphiphilic nanocellulose and its application in moisture-responsive foldable actuators (2019)

Graphene is a promising material for diverse applications, such as in composites, optoelectronics, photovoltaic cells, and energy storage devices. However, high-yielding liquid exfoliation of good-quality graphene in high concentrations remains a challenge. In this study, amphiphilic 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were demonstrated in robust aqueous exfoliation of graphite into high quality graphene in high yields and stable dispersions with graphene concentration up to 1 mg mL-1. Over 50% of graphene flakes exfoliated were 3 layers or less, of which ca. 5% were monolayer, and another 47% were multilayers, leaving only 3% as un-exfoliated graphitic platelets. Outstanding yields up to 84.2% were achieved at an optimized 0.2 g g-1 graphite : CNF feed ratio. The dispersed graphitic flakes are stabilized by Coulomb repulsion from the surface bound charged CNFs. Aqueous graphene suspensions stabilized by CNFs were easily vacuum filtered into nanopapers that exhibited rapid moisture triggered motion and spontaneous recovery in the absence of moisture, resembling actions of biological motor cells in "shame plant" leaves. Such unique moisture responsive behavior is attributed to the highly accessible, charged CNF surfaces and the recovery is due to the inherently hydrophobic graphene. This facile aqueous exfoliating approach using amphiphilic CNFs as multi-functional exfoliating, dispersing and structural-forming agents for moisture-responsive graphene nanopaper opens up a large-area of potential applications toward biologically inspired sensors and actuators.
Liposomes for gene transfer and expression <i>in vivo</i> (1984)

Conference Article| April 01 1984 Liposomes for gene transfer and expression in vivo CLAUDE NICOLAU CLAUDE NICOLAU 1Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, 45045 Orléans Cédex, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1984 Biochemical Society1984 Biochem Soc Trans (1984) 12 (2): 349–350. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0120349 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation CLAUDE NICOLAU; Liposomes for gene transfer and expression in vivo. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1984; 12 (2): 349–350. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0120349 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 Biochemical Society1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Modulation of the immune response by tachykinins (1991)

Neuro-immunology is becoming an increasingly important discipline of immunology. This review has examined the immunomodulatory function of one group of neuropeptides, the TK, particularly SP and NKA. These peptides are localized in primary afferent nerves which have been shown to innervate several immune organs. In addition, binding sites for the TK have been demonstrated in thymus, spleen and lymph node. Several immune cell types also express neurokinin receptors including human circulating lymphocytes with binding to the Th/i class predominating, murine T and B cells, a human T lymphoblastoid cell line, human monocytes, rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes and guinea-pig macrophages. The apposition of nerves with immune cells and receptors for neuropeptides thus produces an environment for interaction between the nervous and immune systems. Studies in vitro and, more recently, in vivo have examined how the TK regulate immune cell responses. The TK stimulate proliferation of T cells, enhance mitogen-induced release of cytokines including IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 from mononuclear cells and macrophages, enhance immunoglobulin secretion and affect cellular chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Studies in vivo have shown a role for TK in lymphocyte recirculation of sheep lymph nodes, reversal of stress-induced thymic involution and Ig production in both rat and mouse. Many of these effects appear to be mediated via NK-2 type receptors. To date, most of the work has involved studies in vitro, but the results from these are now being validated by studies in vivo where both the immune system and neuropeptides are able to interact at many anatomical sites. The complexities of the immune and the nervous systems mean that only a small number of potential interactions has been examined. Future studies can be expected to amplify these observations, especially with respect to the understanding of inflammatory and immune diseases in humans.
Antibody to Tropomyosin Isoform 5 and Complement Induce the Lysis of Colonocytes in Ulcerative Colitis (2009)

hTM5 acts as an autoantigen in UC. hTM5-specific IgG autoantibody in sera from UC patients induces C3b deposition and destruction of colonic epithelial cells, suggesting a direct pathogenic effect. If used as a diagnostic test to distinguish UC from CD, IFA would have 79% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Development of blocking antibodies may lead to novel therapies.
KVSSD: Close integration of LSM trees and flash translation layer for write-efficient KV store (2018)

Log-Structured-Merge (LSM) trees are a write-optimized data structure for lightweight, high-performance Key-Value (KV) store. Solid State Disks (SSDs) provide acceleration of KV operations on LSM trees. However, this hierarchical design involves multiple software layers, including the LSM tree, host file system, and Flash Translation Layer (FTL), causing cascading write amplifications. We propose KVSSD, a close integration of LSM trees and the FTL, to manage write amplifications from different layers. KVSSD exploits the FTL mapping mechanism to implement copy-free compaction of LSM trees, and it enables direct data allocation in flash memory for efficient garbage collection. In our experiments, compared to the hierarchical design, our KVSSD reduced the write amplification by 88% and improved the throughput by 347%.
Real-time coordination of autonomous vehicles (2006)

Autonomous vehicles seem to be a promising approach to both reducing traffic congestion and improving road safety. However, for such vehicles to coexist safely, they need to coordinate their behaviour to ensure that they do not collide with each other. This coordination is typically based on (wireless) communication between vehicles and needs to satisfy stringent real-time constraints. However, realtime message delivery cannot be guaranteed in dynamic wireless networks which means that existing coordination models that rely on continuous connectivity cannot be employed. In this paper, we present a novel coordination model for autonomous vehicles that does not require continuous real-time connectivity between participants in order to ensure that system safety constraints are not violated. This coordination model builds on a real-time communication model for wireless networks that provides feedback to entities about the state of communication. The coordination model uses this feedback to ensure that vehicles always satisfy safety constraints, by adapting their behaviour when communication is degraded. We show that this model can be used to coordinate vehicles crossing an unsignalised junction
Gene Expression during the Development of Experimentally Induced Cerebral Aneurysms (2008)

Cerebral aneurysms are a major cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage, but the mechanism of their development remains unclear. In this study, we investigated candidate genes whose expression is significantly changed during the development of experimentally induced cerebral aneurysms using adaptor-tagged competitive polymerase chain reaction (ATAC-PCR). Twenty-four rats received sham operation (control) or the operation for the induction of experimental cerebral aneurysms. Rats were sacrificed at time 0, 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after the operation (n = 6 for each group). RNAs from right anterior cerebral artery/olfactory artery (ACA/OA) bifurcations were assessed via a 191-gene data matrix expression profile by ATAC-PCR. We identified 15 genes whose expression is significantly altered during cerebral aneurysm formation, including major heparan sulfate proteoglycan, cathepsin B, hevin and beta(4)-integrin. We also confirmed protein expression of beta(4)-integrin in rat cerebral aneurysms by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The ATAC-PCR revealed temporal changes in gene expression during the development of experimental cerebral aneurysms. The genes that were significantly changed in this study would be the candidates for future studies concerning the development of cerebral aneurysms.
Fundamental limits in digital information processing (1981)

Computing and information processing are limited by a variety of factors. Some of these, such as the need to dissipate energy, the high voltage requirement, and the difficulty of removing heat are fundamental in that they have a basis in physical theory and in knowledge of the properties of materials. Limits arising from the physics of devices are also in this class. It appears that many of these physical limits could be relaxed by operating circuits at low temperature. Another class of limits is based on the experiences of many independent workers who find that a large amount of communication among various parts of a system is required. The many long interconnections utilized create great complexity and play a dominant role in the power dissipation required in information processing.
Melisa - a distributed multimedia system for multiplatform interactive sports content broadcasting (2004)

The new generation of television (TV) viewers is currently being confronted and becoming acquainted with a series of technological developments in the realm of consumer electronics and gaming that raise their expectations for similar advances in TV broadcasts. The Melisa platform aims at the cross-media broadcasting of sports eevents featurin interactive advertising and sports-related games over digital television and next generation mobile network infrastructures. The platform provides services for optimal presentation of complex interactive real time video content, for advertisement and an advanced real-time gaming (betting) engine. The Melisa server receives information from geographically separated betting, advertisement and video capturing servers that enforces the notion of a distributed system design for information exchange. The resulted business model offers great flexibility in system configuration both in scalability and physical layout configuration.
Breast cancer chemopreventive properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum) fruit extracts in a mouse mammary organ culture (2004)

We previously reported anticancer effects of pomegranate extracts in human breast cancer cells in vitro and also chemopreventive activity of pomegranate fermented juice polyphenols (W) in a mouse mammary organ culture (MMOC). In the present study we decided to expand the MMOC investigations to also include an evaluation of the potential chemopreventive efficacy of a purified chromatographic peak of W (Peak B), and also of whole pomegranate seed oil. In brief, an MMOC was established according to a known method. For the first 10 days of culture, the glands were treated with pomegranate fermented juice polyphenols (W), a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) peak separated from W (peak B), or pomegranate seed oil (Oil, and on day 3, exposed to the carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), and for 10 days treated with the putative pomegranate chemopreventive. The glands were subsequently harvested and tumours counted by visual inspection. While W effected a 42% reduction in the number of lesions compared with control, peak B and pomegranate seed oil each effected an 87% reduction. The results highlight enhanced breast cancer preventive potential both for the purified compound peak B and for pomegranate seed oil, both greater than that previously reported for pomegranate fermented juice polyphenols.
Sampling theory approach to prolate spheroidal wavefunctions (2003)

We use the Whittaker–Shannon sampling theorem to show that the eigenvalue problem for the sinc-kernel is equivalent to a discrete eigenvalue problem. The well-known eigenfunctions, namely, the prolate spheroidal wavefunctions, their corresponding eigenvalues and the orthogonality and completeness properties are determined without invoking the prolate spheroidal differential equation. This analysis based on the sampling theorem may be used for calculating the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of bandlimited kernels in general as we illustrate with an additional example of the sinc2-kernel.
A new dynamic model of hysteresis in harmonic drives (2003)

In this paper, we propose a new dynamic model to describe the hysteresis phenomenon in harmonic drives. The experimental observation of the dynamic torque-displacement relationship for a harmonic drive shows a hysteresis characteristic indicating the simultaneous presence of energy storage and energy dissipation mechanisms. To completely characterize these mechanisms and yet have a simple representation for control, we develop a new hysteresis model using the heredity concept of dynamic systems. This model represents the hysteresis phenomenon by a combination of a nonlinear stiffness component and a nonlinear damping component leading to a mathematically well-posed nonlinear differential equation. The parameters of the model are identified using optimization techniques. We present some important mathematical properties of the model that give insight into model behavior and thus establish a mathematical basis for control. Numerical simulations in comparison with experimental data using our Harmonic Drive Test Apparatus verify the accuracy of the proposed model to represent the complex hysteresis dynamics of harmonic drives.
Accelerated-Deposition Rate and High-Quality Film Copper Chemical Vapor Deposition Using a Water Vapor Addition to a Hydrogen and Cu(HFA)<sub>2</sub> Reaction System (1993)

Accelerated-deposition-rate chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of copper is studied using hydrogen reduction of bis-hexafluoro acetylacetonate copper (Cu(HFA) 2 ). An in-situ hydrated Cu(HFA) 2 formation system using gaseous H 2 O addition to the hydrogen carrier gas increases the deposition rate to 90 nm/min. This is about ten times larger than that of the conventional reaction system. It also improves the surface morphology and the electrical resistivity of the deposited copper film. A high-aspect-ratio via filling by selective CVD and excellent step coverage by blanket CVD are successfully obtained with this technique.
[Aggressive fibromatosis of the head and neck in children (a report of three cases)]. (2007)

Aggressive fibromatosis is a rare, benign but locally infiltrative condition. Complete surgical removal was a chief treatment. But it was sometimes impossible in the head and neck area because of associated growth problems. Cosmic problems and facial deformity were the main obstacles of surgery.