gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Management of relapsing disease in prostate cancer (1992)

Almost all patients with prostatic cancer will eventually escape the control of the first-line endocrine therapy and relapse. This escape is attributed to selecting and/or cloning preexisting or de novo appearing hormone-independent or resistant cell lines and occurs in most patients after a median time of 12 to 18 months. Currently, there are no generally accepted rules for second-line management, either endocrine or by other means. It seems reasonable to consider length of survival as the only objective response criterion and not to rely on other response criteria. Available second-line therapeutic modalities in relapsed prostatic cancer are alternative endocrine manipulations, chemotherapy, combined endocrine and cytotoxic therapy, new drugs, radiation therapy, and general antitumoral and supportive care. Second-line therapy in relapsed disease makes sense if life can be prolonged while relieving symptoms and maintaining or improving the quality of survival. The capacity to prolong survival is limited. As a result, second-line therapy should aim more at improving the quality rather than the length of survival while considering the specific expectations and wishes of the patient.
Targeted Ablation of Crb1 and Crb2 in Retinal Progenitor Cells Mimics Leber Congenital Amaurosis (2013)

Development in the central nervous system is highly dependent on the regulation of the switch from progenitor cell proliferation to differentiation, but the molecular and cellular events controlling this process remain poorly understood. Here, we report that ablation of Crb1 and Crb2 genes results in severe impairment of retinal function, abnormal lamination and thickening of the retina mimicking human Leber congenital amaurosis due to loss of CRB1 function. We show that the levels of CRB1 and CRB2 proteins are crucial for mouse retinal development, as they restrain the proliferation of retinal progenitor cells. The lack of these apical proteins results in altered cell cycle progression and increased number of mitotic cells leading to an increased number of late-born cell types such as rod photoreceptors, bipolar and Müller glia cells in postmitotic retinas. Loss of CRB1 and CRB2 in the retina results in dysregulation of target genes for the Notch1 and YAP/Hippo signaling pathways and increased levels of P120-catenin. Loss of CRB1 and CRB2 result in altered progenitor cell cycle distribution with a decrease in number of late progenitors in G1 and an increase in S and G2/M phase. These findings suggest that CRB1 and CRB2 suppress late progenitor pool expansion by regulating multiple proliferative signaling pathways.
Natural Selection of Human Embryos: Decidualizing Endometrial Stromal Cells Serve as Sensors of Embryo Quality upon Implantation (2010)

Human ESCs become biosensors of embryo quality upon differentiation into decidual cells. In view of the high incidence of gross chromosomal errors in human preimplantation embryos, cyclic decidualization followed by menstrual shedding may represent a mechanism of natural embryo selection that limits maternal investment in developmentally impaired pregnancies.
A Study of Pharmacological Components from Submerged Culture Mycelia of Phellinus linteus (Berk. et Curt.) Teng (2005)

Phellinus linteus is apolypore of class Hymenomycetes and a heart-rot fungus occurring especially in groves of Morus bombycis Koidz. In Japan this fungus has been named Meshimakobu because it was found mainly in Meshima of the Danjo Islands in Nagasaki Prefecture. In Chinese medicine it has been called Souou and is used as a medicinal ingredient. About 30 years ago, certain pharmacological effects of this fungus were examined, and it was revealed that this fungus exhibited the highest antitumor activity among the Hymenomycetes mushrooms (Ikekawa et al., 1968). In this study, we found some biological activities of the mycelia extract and succeeded in isolation and structure-determination of the active principles in the extract (Nakamura et al., 2000, 2002). The results are as follows:
Cost-effective fabrication of nanoscale electrode memristors with reproducible electrical response (2010)

This Letter aims to promote basic research into memristors, which will help provide theorists with much-needed reliable benchmarks and will also aid the technology progress. It addresses an information gap presently in the literature on simple microfabrication techniques for the realisation of such devices. Consequently, a fabrication method is reported for implementing the full active-material stack, requiring a single lithography and evaporation step. A cost-effective technique that can reliably shrink device lateral dimensions towards the nanoscale is also demonstrated. Experimental results confirm the suitability of the proposed methods for fabricating memristors of varying dimensions that exhibit consistent electrical characteristics.
Determination of reflectance of pesticide spots on thin-layer chromatograms using fiber optics (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of reflectance of pesticide spots on thin-layer chromatograms using fiber opticsMorton. Beroza, K. R. Hill, and Karl H. NorrisCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 11, 1608–1613Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60267a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60267a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of β-catenin-mediated transactivation by cadherin derivatives (1998)

We studied the effect of N-cadherin, and its free or membrane-anchored cytoplasmic domain, on the level and localization of beta-catenin and on its ability to induce lymphocyte enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF-1)-responsive transactivation. These cadherin derivatives formed complexes with beta-catenin and protected it from degradation. N-cadherin directed beta-catenin into adherens junctions, and the chimeric protein induced diffuse distribution of beta-catenin along the membrane whereas the cytoplasmic domain of N-cadherin colocalized with beta-catenin in the nucleus. Cotransfection of beta-catenin and LEF-1 into Chinese hamster ovary cells induced transactivation of a LEF-1 reporter, which was blocked by the N-cadherin-derived molecules. Expression of N-cadherin and an interleukin 2 receptor/cadherin chimera in SW480 cells relocated beta-catenin from the nucleus to the plasma membrane and reduced transactivation. The cytoplasmic tails of N- or E-cadherin colocalized with beta-catenin in the nucleus, and suppressed the constitutive LEF-1-mediated transactivation, by blocking beta-catenin-LEF-1 interaction. Moreover, the 72 C-terminal amino acids of N-cadherin stabilized beta-catenin and reduced its transactivation potential. These results indicate that beta-catenin binding to the cadherin cytoplasmic tail either in the membrane, or in the nucleus, can inhibit beta-catenin degradation and efficiently block its transactivation capacity.
Inhibitory Effect of Transforming Growth Factor β1 on Cytokine-Enhanced Eosinophil Survival and Degranulation (1995)

The effects of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 on cytokine-enhanced eosinophil survival and degranulation were investigated in vitro to determine whether it is an inhibitory regulator of allergic inflammation. Peripheral blood eosinophils purified by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and the CD16 negative selection technique were incubated in the presence of eosinophil-activating cytokines (interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-gamma) with and without TFG-beta 1 for 1-3 days. On day 1, eosinophil protein X release was measured by radioimmunoassay. Eosinophil viability on day 3 was determined by staining the cells with fluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide, and on the same day DNA was extracted and subjected to gel electrophoresis to test for fragmentation. TGF-beta 1 significantly inhibited eosinophil survival enhanced by IL-5, IL-3, GM-CSF and IFN-gamma in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effects of TGF-beta 1 on IL-5-enhanced survival was partially reversed by high concentrations of IL-5 and was completely neutralized with anti-TGF-beta antibody. IL-5 inhibited DNA fragmentation of eosinophils in vitro. TGF-beta reversed the effect of IL-5, indicating that TGF-beta 1 activates the pathway of apoptosis. TGF-beta 1 significantly suppressed eosinophil protein X release induced by IL-5. These results suggest that TGF-beta 1 may play a role in the modulation of allergic inflammation.
BORIS, a paralogue of the transcription factor, CTCF, is aberrantly expressed in breast tumours (2008)

BORIS (for brother of the regulator of imprinted sites), a paralogue of the transcription factor, CTCF, is a novel member of the cancer-testis antigen family. The aims of the present study were as follows: (1) to investigate BORIS expression in breast cells and tumours using immunohistochemical staining, western and real-time RT-PCR analyses and (2) assess potential correlation between BORIS levels in tumours with clinical/pathological parameters. BORIS was detected in all 18 inspected breast cell lines, but not in a primary normal breast cell culture. In 70.7% (41 of 58 cases) BORIS was observed in breast tumours. High levels of BORIS correlated with high levels of progesterone receptor (PR) and oestrogen receptor (ER). The link between BORIS and PR/ER was further confirmed by the ability of BORIS to activate the promoters of the PR and ER genes in the reporter assays. Detection of BORIS in a high proportion of breast cancer patients implies potential practical applications of BORIS as a molecular biomarker of breast cancer. This may be important for diagnosis of the condition and for the therapeutic use of BORIS. The ability of BORIS to activate promoters of the RP and ER genes points towards possible involvement of BORIS in the establishment, progression and maintenance of breast tumours.
A microfluidic platform for size-dependent generation of droplet interface bilayer networks on rails (2015)

Droplet interface bilayer (DIB) networks are emerging as a cornerstone technology for the bottom up construction of cell-like and tissue-like structures and bio-devices. They are an exciting and versatile model-membrane platform, seeing increasing use in the disciplines of synthetic biology, chemical biology, and membrane biophysics. DIBs are formed when lipid-coated water-in-oil droplets are brought together-oil is excluded from the interface, resulting in a bilayer. Perhaps the greatest feature of the DIB platform is the ability to generate bilayer networks by connecting multiple droplets together, which can in turn be used in applications ranging from tissue mimics, multicellular models, and bio-devices. For such applications, the construction and release of DIB networks of defined size and composition on-demand is crucial. We have developed a droplet-based microfluidic method for the generation of different sized DIB networks (300-1500 pl droplets) on-chip. We do this by employing a droplet-on-rails strategy where droplets are guided down designated paths of a chip with the aid of microfabricated grooves or "rails," and droplets of set sizes are selectively directed to specific rails using auxiliary flows. In this way we can uniquely produce parallel bilayer networks of defined sizes. By trapping several droplets in a rail, extended DIB networks containing up to 20 sequential bilayers could be constructed. The trapped DIB arrays can be composed of different lipid types and can be released on-demand and regenerated within seconds. We show that chemical signals can be propagated across the bio-network by transplanting enzymatic reaction cascades for inter-droplet communication.
Intratumoral Spread of Wild-Type Adenovirus Is Limited After Local Injection of Human Xenograft Tumors: Virus Persists and Spreads Systemically at Late Time Points (2003)

Oncolytic replicating adenoviruses are a promising new modality for the treatment of cancer. Despite the assumed biologic advantage of continued viral replication and spread from infected to uninfected cancer cells, early clinical trials demonstrate that the efficacy of current vectors is limited. In xenograft tumor models using immune-incompetent mice, wild-type adenovirus is also rarely able to eradicate established tumors. This suggests that innate immune mechanisms may clear the virus or that barriers within the tumor prevent viral spread. The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of viral distribution and spread after intratumoral injection of virus in a human tumor xenograft model. After intratumoral injection of wild-type virus, high levels of titratable virus persisted within the xenograft tumors for at least 8 weeks. Virus distribution within the tumors as determined by immunohistochemistry was patchy, and virus-infected cells appeared to be flanked by tumor necrosis and connective tissue. The close proximity of virus-infected cells to the tumor-supporting structure, which is of murine origin, was clearly demonstrated using a DNA probe that specifically hybridizes to the B1 murine DNA repeat. Importantly, although virus was cleared from the circulation 6 hr after intratumoral injection, after 4 weeks systemic spread of virus was detected. In addition, vessels of infected tumors were surrounded by necrosis and an advancing rim of virus-infected tumor cells, suggesting reinfection of the xenograft tumor through the vasculature. These data suggest that human adenoviral spread within tumor xenografts is impaired by murine tumor-supporting structures. In addition, there is evidence for continued viral replication within the tumor, with subsequent systemic dissemination and reinfection of tumors via the tumor vasculature. Despite the limitations of immune-incompetent models, an understanding of the interactions between the virus and the tumor-bearing host is important in the design of effective therapies.
Young Adult Attainments of Preterm Infants (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
On the theory of electrohydrodynamically driven capillary jets (1997)

Electrohydrodynamically (EHD) driven capillary jets are analysed in this work in the parametrical limit of negligible charge relaxation effects, i.e. when the electric relaxation time of the liquid is small compared to the hydrodynamic times. This regime can be found in the electrospraying of liquids when Taylor's charged capillary jets are formed in a steady regime. A quasi-one-dimensional EHD model comprising temporal balance equations of mass, momentum, charge, the capillary balance across the surface, and the inner and outer electric fields equations is presented. The steady forms of the temporal equations take into account surface charge convection as well as Ohmic bulk conduction, inner and outer electric field equations, momentum and pressure balances. Other existing models are also compared. The propagation speed of surface disturbances is obtained using classical techniques. It is shown here that, in contrast with previous models, surface charge convection provokes a difference between the upstream and the downstream wave speed values, the upstream wave speed, to some extent, being delayed. Subcritical, supercritical and convectively unstable regions are then identified. The supercritical nature of the microjets emitted from Taylor's cones is highlighted, and the point where the jet switches from a stable to a convectively unstable regime (i.e. where the propagation speed of perturbations become zero) is identified. The electric current carried by those jets is an eigenvalue of the problem, almost independent of the boundary conditions downstream, in an analogous way to the gas flow in convergent–divergent nozzles exiting into very low pressure. The EHD model is applied to an experiment and the relevant physical quantities of the phenomenon are obtained. The EHD hypotheses of the model are then checked and confirmed within the limits of the one-dimensional assumptions.
Propagation of Sound Waves along Liquid Cylinders (1949)

In this paper a theoretical and experimental treatment is given of guided sound wave transmission along circular cylinders of ideal liquid with various non-dissipative boundary conditions. The field patterns, phase velocities, and cut-off frequencies are calculated for the natural modes of propagation in the following cases: (1) liquid cylinder with rigid walls; (2) liquid cylinder with pressure-release walls; (3) liquid cylinder embedded in infinite liquid; (4) liquid cylinder with liquid walls; (5) liquid cylinder with thin solid walls. The problem of determining the field produced by an arbitrary excitation in terms of the natural modes is also discussed. Experimental results are presented for cases (2) and (5) above. It is shown that the measured values of phase velocity are in agreement with those predicted by the theory.
A computational approach for flow–acoustic coupling in closed side branches (2001)

The quarter-wave resonator, which produces a narrow band of high acoustic attenuation at regularly spaced frequency intervals, is a common type of silencer used in ducts. The presence of mean flow in the main duct, however, is likely to promote an interaction between these acoustic resonances and the flow. The coupling for some discrete flow conditions leads to the production of both large wave amplitudes in the side branch and high noise levels in the main duct, thereby transforming the quarter-wave silencer into a noise generator. The present approach employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model this complex interaction between the flow and acoustic resonances at low Mach number by solving the unsteady, turbulent, and compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Comparisons between the present computations and the experiments of Ziada [PVP-Vol. 258, ASME, 35-59 (1993)] for a system with two coaxial side branches show that the method is capable of reproducing the physics of the flow-acoustic coupling and predicting the flow conditions when the coupling occurs. The theory of Howe [IMA J. Appl. Math. 32, 187-209 (1984)] is then employed to determine the location and timing of the acoustic power production during a cycle.
Economic Optimization of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based EGS Power Plant (2011)

CO2-based enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs) have been examined from a reservoir-oriented perspective, and as a result thermodynamic performance is well explored. Economics of the system are still not well understood, however. In this study, the economics of the CO2-based EGS technology is explored for an optimized power plant design and best-available cost estimation data. We demonstrate that near-optimum turbine exhaust pressure can be estimated from surface temperature. We identify that achievable cooling temperature is an important economic site consideration alongside resource temperature. The impact of time required to sufficiently dry the reservoir prior to power generation is also addressed. The role of sequestration as part of CO2-based EGS is also examined, and we conclude that if fluid losses occur, the economic viability of the concept depends strongly on the price associated with CO2.
Area efficient in-plane nanomagnetic multiplier and convolution architecture design (2021)

Abstract In this study, we propose a nanomagnetic logic (NML) based 2 bit multiplier architecture design for the first time to the best of author’s knowledge. This complex combinational logic (nanomagnetic multiplier) design proposed is built by exploiting shape, positional hybrid anisotropy and the ferromagnetically coupled fixed input majority gate. Subsequently, we extend this proposed multiplier architecture along with the NML adder architecture in introducing NML based convolution architecture design which is efficient in terms of number of nanomagnets, majority gates and clock-cycles. The proposed NML design yields ∼21%–72%, ∼26%–42%, ∼36%–63%, and ∼20%–68%, reduction in the required number of nanomagnets, majority gate, clock cycles and energy compared to the state-of-the-art designs.
Abstract 132: Alternative Splicing of Bridging Integrator 1 Is a Novel Regulatory Cue for Cardiomyocyte Proliferation (2012)

Expanding our knowledge of the genetic pathways of cardiomyocyte proliferation is important to understanding heart formation, disease, and regeneration. Few data exist on the role of multi-domain adaptor proteins in regulating the cardiomyocyte cell cycle. We have identified by RT-PCR a cardiac splice variant of the nucleocytoplasmic adaptor protein, bridging integrator 1 (cBIN1), which is expressed in cardiomyocytes but not in skeletal myocytes (Fig. 1A). We found cBIN1 to be the dominant BIN1 variant of developing mouse cardiomyocytes, and that it is also preferentially located in the nuclei of these immature cells. As the cells mature, the relative abundance of cBIN1 to constitutively expressed variants, by qRT-PCR, decreases from 2.0 in embryonic day 18.5 cardiomyocytes to 0.6 by postnatal day 2 (Fig. 1B). Coincident with altered expression, a majority of cBIN1 redistributes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and plasma membrane after birth. Moreover, we found that overexpression of exogenous cBIN1 increases the number of actively cycling embryonic cardiomyocytes from 25% to 32%, as assayed by BrdU incorporation and FACS (Fig. 1C). Confirming this result, we found exon-specific siRNA knockdown of cBIN1 suppresses cell proliferation. These studies identify a BIN1 splice variant that exists in cardiac but not skeletal muscle, and that it facilitates cardiomyocyte cell cycle progression during heart maturation.