gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of bone regeneration, angiogenesis, and hydroxyapatite conversion in critical‐sized rat calvarial defects implanted with bioactive glass scaffolds (2012)

Bioactive glasses are biocompatible materials that convert to hydroxyapatite in vivo, and potentially support bone formation, but have mainly been available in particulate and not scaffold form. In this study, borosilicate and borate bioactive glass scaffolds were evaluated in critical-sized rat calvarial defects. Twelve-week-old rats were implanted with 45S5 silicate glass particles and scaffolds of 1393 silicate, 1393B1 borosilicate, and 1393B3 borate glass. After 12 weeks, the defects were harvested, stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate bone regeneration, Periodic Acid Schiff to quantitate blood vessel area, and von Kossa and backscatter SEM to estimate newly mineralized bone and hydroxyapatite conversion of bioactive glasses. The amount of new bone was 12.4% for 45S5, 8.5% for 1393, 9.7% for 1393B1, and 14.9% for 1393B3 (*p = 0.04; cf. 1393 and 1393B1). Blood vessel area was significantly higher (p = 0.009) with 45S5 (3.8%), with no differences among 1393 (2.0%), 1393B1 (2.4%), or 1393B3 (2.2%). Percent von Kossa-positive area was 18.7% for 45S5, 25.4% for 1393, 29.5% for 1393B1, and 30.1% for 1393B3, significantly higher (p = 0.014) in 1393B1 and 1393B3 glasses than in 45S5. 45S5 and 1393B3 converted completely to HA in vivo. The 1393B3 glass provided greater bone formation and may be more promising for bone defect repair due to its capacity to be molded into scaffolds. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A 100A:3267-3275, 2012.
A 60 ns 256Kx1 bit DRAM using LD/SUP 3/ technology and double-level metal interconnection (1984)

A high-speed 256K/spl times/1-bit DRAM, using new circuit design techniques and a scaled n-channel process, has been developed. A row access time of 60 ns has been achieved through the use of short-channel devices and two levels of low-resistance interconnect. A staggered matrix precharge was implemented to reduce peak supply current and dI/dt during row precharge. Supply current transients are particularly important at the 256K density level due to the fast cycle rates (approaching 10 MHz) and the large matrix capacitance to be precharged.
Three-minute whole-blood cholesterol screening test evaluated (1990)

Journal Article Three-minute whole-blood cholesterol screening test evaluated Get access M Pradella, M Pradella Cattedra di Biochimica Clinica dell'Università di Padova, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G Mantovani, G Mantovani Cattedra di Biochimica Clinica dell'Università di Padova, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F Sirianni, F Sirianni Cattedra di Biochimica Clinica dell'Università di Padova, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A Burlina A Burlina Cattedra di Biochimica Clinica dell'Università di Padova, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 36, Issue 11, 1 November 1990, Pages 1994–1995, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.11.1994 Published: 01 November 1990
NWS modernizing its data collection system (1980)

The National Weather Service (NWS) is modernizing its systems for collecting and processing the upper‐air information used to make weather predictions. The program will take 5 years and cost $6.5 million. Under the program, NWS will convert from a manual to an automatic system for entering the data collected at its 114 nationwide field stations into minicomputers for processing. Electronic systems at the field stations will be converted from vacuum tubes to solid state. The NWS field stations track weather and receive data for processing from balloon‐lofted radio devices, called radiosondes. The radiosonde consists of sensors that detect temperature, relative humidity, and pressure at altitudes of 90,000 feet or higher.
Application of metabolic engineering to improve both the production and use of biotech indigo (2002)

A fermentation process was developed for production of indigo from glucose using recombinant Escherichia coli. This was achieved by modifying the tryptophan pathway to cause high-level indole production and adding the Pseudomonas putida genes encoding naphthalene dioxygenase (NDO). In comparison to a tryptophan-over-producing strain, the first indigo-producing strain made less than half of the expected amount of indigo. Severe inactivation of the first enzyme of aromatic biosynthesis, 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate (DAHP) synthase (the aroGfbr gene product), was observed in cells collected from indigo fermentations. Subsequent in vitro experiments revealed that DAHP synthase was inactivated by exposure to the spontaneous chemical conversion of indoxyl to indigo. Indigo production was thereafter improved by increasing the gene dosage of aroGfbr or by increasing substrate availability to DAHP synthase in vivo by either amplifying the tktA (transketolase) gene or inactivating both isozymes of pyruvate kinase. By combining all three strategies for enhancing DAHP formation in the cell, a 60% increase in indigo production was achieved. Metabolic engineering was then further applied to eliminate a byproduct of the spontaneous conversion of indoxyl to indigo, thereby solving a serious problem with the use of bio-indigo in the final denim dyeing application.
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Regulatory T Cell Markers FOXP3 and GITR on CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> T Cells in Normal Skin and Inflammatory Dermatoses (2007)

Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a subset of T lymphocytes that play a central role in immunologic tolerance and in the termination of immune responses. The identification of these cells in normal and inflammatory conditions may contribute to a better understanding of underlying pathology. We investigated the expression of FOXP3 and GITR in normal skin and in a panel of different inflammatory dermatoses. Immunohistochemical double stainings in skin tissue sections revealed that FOXP3 and GITR were almost exclusively present on T cells that express both CD4 and CD25. Further, immunohistochemical double staining, as well as fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, on peripheral blood T cells showed that most FOXP3(+) cells expressed GITR and vice versa, whereas a minority were single-positive for these markers. The mean frequency of FOXP3(+) T cells in spongiotic dermatitis, psoriasis, and lichen planus was in the same range (25-29%), but the frequency of these cells in leishmaniasis appeared to be lower (approximately 15%), although this was not statistically significant. The mean frequency of GITR(+) T cells was fairly similar in all conditions studied (14-20%). Normal human skin also contained FOXP3(+) and GITR(+) cells in the same frequency range as in diseased skin, but the absolute numbers were, of course, much lower. In conclusion, frequencies of FOXP3(+) and GITR(+) T cells were similar in all inflammatory skin diseases studied and normal skin, despite the well-known differences among the inflammatory conditions under investigation.
Ultra‐drawing of High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (1980)

Abstract The effective drawability of solution‐cast or ‐spun high molecular weight polyethylene is enhanced significantly in comparison with an identical polymer sample that is crystallised from the melt. The maximum attainable draw ratio, which primarily determines the final mechanical properties, increases continuously with decreasing initial polymer concentration in solution. A tensile strength of 3.2 GPa and an axial Young's modulus of 120 GPa could be obtained by drawing high molecular weight polyethylene cast from a 1% polymer solution. This phenomenon of increased drawability is discussed in terms of a reduced number of entanglements per macromolecule in solution‐cast polyethylene.
Energy Capture from Thermolytic Solutions in Microbial Reverse-Electrodialysis Cells (2012)

Reverse electrodialysis allows for the capture of energy from salinity gradients between salt and fresh waters, but potential applications are currently limited to coastal areas and the need for a large number of membrane pairs. Using salt solutions that could be continuously regenerated with waste heat (≥40°C) and conventional technologies would allow much wider applications of salinity-gradient power production. We used reverse electrodialysis ion-exchange membrane stacks in microbial reverse-electrodialysis cells to efficiently capture salinity-gradient energy from ammonium bicarbonate salt solutions. The maximum power density using acetate reached 5.6 watts per square meter of cathode surface area, which was five times that produced without the dialysis stack, and 3.0 ± 0.05 watts per square meter with domestic wastewater. Maximum energy recovery with acetate reached 30 ± 0.5%.
Härteverteilung in wälzbeanspruchten Randschichten (1978)

Durch die Wälzreibung werden in den metallischen Randschichten hohe Verformungsgrade bis zur Grenze des Kaltverformungsvermögens erreicht. Die plastischen Verformungen haben bei gleichzeitiger Kaltverfestigung eine Härtesteigerung in den Randschichten zur Folge.
Nanomechanical Cantilever Motion Generated by a Surface-Confined Redox Reaction (2003)

Interfacial stress changes at electroactive self-assembled monolayers have been investigated by monitoring the potential-induced deflection of Au-coated microcantilevers modified with 12-ferrocenyl-1-dodecanethiol in aqueous perchloric acid solution. Oxidation of the surface-bound ferrocene generates a compressive surface stress which results in the cantilever bending away from the film-coated Au surface. The origin of the redox-induced stress change that occurs at these close-packed monomolecular films is discussed.
Time- and space-optimality in B-trees (1981)

A B-tree is compact if it is minimal in number of nodes, hence has optimal space utilization, among equally capacious B-trees of the same order. The space utilization of compact B-trees is analyzed and compared with that of noncompact B-trees and with (node)-visit-optimal B-trees, which minimize the expected number of nodes visited per key access. Compact B-trees can be as much as a factor of 2.5 more space efficient than visit-optimal B-trees; and the node-visit cost of a compact tree is never more than 1 + the node-visit cost of an optimal tree. The utility of initializing a B-tree to be compact (which initialization can be done in time linear in the number of keys if the keys are presorted) is demonstrated by comparing the space utilization of a compact tree that has been augmented by random insertions with that of a tree that has been grown entirely by random insertions. Even after increasing the number of keys by a modest amount, the effects of compact initialization are still felt. Once the tree has grown so large that these effects are no longer discernible, the tree can be expeditiously compacted in place using an algorithm presented here; and the benefits of compactness resume.
Defect Characteristics and Generation Mechanism in a Bird Beak Free Structure by Sidewall Masked Technique (1983)

The fabrication of the bird beak free device isolated with vertical sidewalls masked with film has been investigated. The oxidation condition and combination of the second and are studied to investigate the defect mechanism for (100) silicon substrate. The characteristics of dislocations are examined by Secco etching, x‐ray topography, transmission electron microscopy, copper decoration, infrared and micrography. Two different mechanisms, responsible for dislocation generation, are identified where dislocations are introduced either by the intrinsic stress of the second or due to the mechanical damage at the corners of the island pedestal. Edge dislocations are found close to the island edges and mainly located outside the active device area. The dislocation lines are long and straight with the simple 60 deg type dislocation in <01> direction, on (111) and (111) planes or in <011> direction on (11) and (11) planes. The unique characteristics of the generated dislocations are described.
A new repulsive magnetic levitation approach using permanent magnets and air-core electromagnets (1994)

This paper introduces a new repulsive magnetic levitation approach using permanent magnets and air-core electromagnets as primary actuating components. The permanent magnets, which are attached to the bottom of a carrier, are repulsively levitated above and by oblong shaped electromagnets, which constitute one part of the guide tracks. Due to the lateral unstable nature of repulsive levitation, the stability of the levitated permanent magnets is regulated by another part of the guide tracks, electromagnetic stabilizers, which are strands of straight wires running through the entire length of the guide tracks above the levitation coils. A state feedback controller with integral compensator is designed for the stability control. The entire levitation system is divided into three subsystems: levitation, stabilization and propulsion. All the control works with respect to each subsystem are executed extrinsic to the carrier, i.e., there is no electrical circuit on board the carrier. The feasibility of this new levitation approach is confirmed successfully by a small scale demonstration system designed to transport a single silicon wafer in a microelectronic fabrication line. The wafer carrier is stably levitated 1.5 mm above the track surface with lateral air-gaps of 0.5 mm. Its maximum velocity is 22.2 cm/sec and the traveling range is 1 m. >
Synthesis and Characterization of Leiurotoxin I Analogs Lacking One Disulfide Bridge:  Evidence That Disulfide Pairing 3−21 Is Not Required for Full Toxin Activity (1996)

Leiurotoxin I (Lei-NH2), a toxin isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus, is a blocker of the apamin-sensitive Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels. It is a 31-residue polypeptide cross-linked by three disulfide bridges which are presumably between Cys3-Cys21, Cys8-Cys26, and Cys12-Cys28. To investigate the role of these disulfides, analogs of Lei-NH2 lacking one disulfide bridge (i.e., [Abu3,21]Lei-NH2, [Abu8,26]Lei-NH2, and [Abu12,28]Lei-NH2) were chemically synthesized by selective replacement of each pair of half-cystines forming a bridge by two alpha-aminobutyrate (Abu) residues. The two disulfide pairings of the main folded form of the synthetic analogs were established by enzymatic proteolysis. They were as expected between Cys8-Cys26 and Cys12-Cys28 for [Abu3,21]Lei-NH2 but were unexpectedly between Cys3-Cys12 and Cys21-Cys28 for [Abu8,26]Lei-NH2 and between Cys3-Cys8 and Cys21-Cys26 for [Abu12,28]Lei-NH2. The synthetic peptides were tested in vitro for their capacity to compete with the binding of [125I]apamin to rat brain synaptosomes and in vivo for their neurotoxicity in mice. In both assays, [Abu3,21]Lei-NH2 exhibited full Lei-NH2-like activity whereas [Abu8,26]Lei-NH2 and [Abu12,28]-Lei-NH2 possessed only residual activities (< 2% native toxin activity). This suggests that disulfide bridge Cys3-Cys21 is not essential per se for high toxin activity. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy of the three analogs showed that only [Abu3,21]Lei-NH2 exhibited a CD spectrum similar to that of Lei-NH2, suggesting they both adopt closely related conformations, in agreement with the pharmacological data. Structural models of the analogs were constructed on the basis of the disulfide pairing assignment and compared with that of Lei-NH2.
Peer-to-peer data preservation through storage auctions (2005)

Digital archives protect important data collections from failures by making multiple copies at other archives, so that there are always several good copies of a collection. In a cooperative replication network, sites "trade" space, so that each site contributes storage resources to the system and uses storage resources at other sites. Here, we examine bid trading: a mechanism where sites conduct auctions to determine who to trade with. A local site wishing to make a copy of a collection announces how much remote space is needed, and accepts bids for how much of its own space the local site must "pay" to acquire that remote space. We define a spectrum of trading scenarios, ranging from a network of archives and digital libraries that trust each other, to a scenario where sites do as they please, including breaking the rules. Then, we focus on developing techniques for the scenarios where sites trust each other, although we discuss issues that may arise if sites are greedy or malicious. We examine the best policies for determining when to call auctions and how much to bid, as well as the effects of "maverick" sites that behave differently than other sites. Simulations of auction and trading sessions indicate that bid trading can allow sites to achieve higher reliability than the alternative: a system where sites trade equal amounts of space without bidding.
The application of graphene and its composites in oxygen reduction electrocatalysis: a perspective and review of recent progress (2015)

This paper provides a critical review and perspective on progress realized recently towards the development of graphene-based oxygen reduction catalysts.
Highly nondegenerate femtosecond four-wave mixing in tapered microstructure fiber (2002)

We demonstrate efficient, highly nondegenerate four-wave mixing of femtosecond pulses, with a frequency shift of ∼6000 cm−1, in an 18 cm tapered microstructure fiber. Using a pump at 810 nm and a signal at 1540 nm, light is generated at wavelengths between 535 nm and 570 nm with 10% efficiency. Due to the walk-off between pump and signal pulses in the fiber, the interaction length in the tapered fiber is only 1.4 cm. Ten percent efficiency is achieved in this short length because of the enhanced nonlinearity of the tapered fiber and its unique dispersion characteristics.
Direct Assessment Of The Phase Matching Properties Of New Nonlinear Materials (1987)

Direct measurements of the phase matching properties of small (submillimeter) crystals of some new second and third harmonic generators is discussed. Such measurements represent an intermediate level of characterization between powder tests and detailed dispersion and d coefficient determinations. Since crystals as small as 300 microns may be studied, a decision to pursue a material can be made at an early stage of crystal growth. Representative data on some new fluoride harmonic generators is presented.
An Effective System to Synthesize Hypolipidemic Active α‐Asarone and Related Methoxylated (E)‐Arylalkenes. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Three-Strand Conducting Ladder Polymers: Two-Step Electropolymerization of Metallorotaxanes (2000)

Sequential polymerization of supramolecular metallorotaxane complexes results in three-stranded conducting ladder polymers. The internal polymer is "sandwiched" between the other two polymers to give molecular wires that are effectively insulated when the outer polymers are in their nonconducting state (shown schematically). The intermolecular conductivity can be mediated by the Cu(1+)/Cu(2+) redox couple.
A Translocated Bacterial Protein Protects Vascular Endothelial Cells from Apoptosis (2006)

The modulation of host cell apoptosis by bacterial pathogens is of critical importance for the outcome of the infection process. The capacity of Bartonella henselae and B. quintana to cause vascular tumor formation in immunocompromised patients is linked to the inhibition of vascular endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis. Here, we show that translocation of BepA, a type IV secretion (T4S) substrate, is necessary and sufficient to inhibit EC apoptosis. Ectopic expression in ECs allowed mapping of the anti-apoptotic activity of BepA to the Bep intracellular delivery domain, which, as part of the signal for T4S, is conserved in other T4S substrates. The anti-apoptotic activity appeared to be limited to BepA orthologs of B. henselae and B. quintana and correlated with (i) protein localization to the host cell plasma membrane, (ii) elevated levels of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and (iii) increased expression of cAMP-responsive genes. The pharmacological elevation of cAMP levels protected ECs from apoptosis, indicating that BepA mediates anti-apoptosis by heightening cAMP levels by a plasma membrane-associated mechanism. Finally, we demonstrate that BepA mediates protection of ECs against apoptosis triggered by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, suggesting a physiological context in which the anti-apoptotic activity of BepA contributes to tumor formation in the chronically infected vascular endothelium.
Reaction rate method for ammonia and blood urea nitrogen utilizing a pentacyanonitrosylferrate catalyzed Berthelot reaction (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction rate method for ammonia and blood urea nitrogen utilizing a pentacyanonitrosylferrate catalyzed Berthelot reactionTheodore E. Weichselbaum, John C. Hagerty, and Harry B. MarkCite this: Anal. Chem. 1969, 41, 6, 848–850Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60275a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60275a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome Following Air-Bag Inflation (1997)

To the Editor: Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome is commonly precipitated by trauma and is characterized by pain and swelling with signs of vasomotor instability in a distal extremity.1 We describe a case of air-bag–induced trauma followed by the reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. A 44-year-old woman had an accident while driving in December 1996. When the air bag inflated, her left and right hands, which were initially on the steering wheel, were pushed back against the window and the seat, respectively. Both carpometacarpal joints were dislocated, causing severe pain. After closed reduction, casts were applied for four weeks. Although the right . . .