gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combined use of two monoclonal antibodies in patients with systemic AL amyloidosis and cardiac involvement. (2019)

8009 Background: Systemic AL amyloidosis (AL) is a rare disease in which circulating immunoglobulin light chains misfold, are directly toxic to key organs and also cause organ failure by mass effect. Patients with cardiac involvement have a poor prognosis; 25% of them die within 6 months of diagnosis. Depth of hematologic and organ response has prognostic significance and as new therapies become available, combining targeted therapies might hold the key to improve survival and deepen responses. Methods: We report the outcomes of 9 patients with AL amyloidosis who simultaneously received dual monoclonal antibody therapy with daratumumab and the investigational anti-fibril antibody NEOD001 at our institution. We also provide a descriptive comparison of 10 other AL amyloidosis patients who received treatment with daratumumab alone. Results: Of these 9 patients, there were 4 men/5 women with a median age of 68 years (range, 52-75) and a median of 261 days from diagnosis (range, 51-2037). Median NT-proBNP was 3807 pg/ml (range, 1326-13193). These 9 patients did not respond to initial therapy with a bortezomib-based regimen. Infusions of both monoclonals were separated by 2 days and were well tolerated without any unexpected toxicity. 88% of patients achieved ≥VGPR with daratumumab+NEOD001 in a median of 33 days and cardiac responses were achieved in < 90 days. In contrast, patients receiving daratumumab alone (n=10) achieved hematologic and cardiac responses at later times (Table). Conclusions: In conclusion, dual monoclonal antibodies targeting different epitopes can be safely combined in patients with systemic AL amyloidosis. Although this report features a small number of patients, high rates of hematologic and cardiac responses achieved suggest that this combination should be studied further, possibly in a prospective randomized trial. [Table: see text]
Development of PT Secondary Circuit's Drop Test Instrument Based on dsPIC30F6010 Singlechip (2008)

In the comprehensive error of energy metering device, only metering error of voltage drop of TV secondary circuit can be reduced by some technical improvement measures. This paper introduces a portable intellectual instrument used to measure PT secondary drop of voltage transformer based on metering, while relying on dsPIC30F6010 single chip, as well as the form of hardware and procedure of software.
Oncogenic Pathway Combinations Predict Clinical Prognosis in Gastric Cancer (2009)

Many solid cancers are known to exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity in their deregulation of different oncogenic pathways. We sought to identify major oncogenic pathways in gastric cancer (GC) with significant relationships to patient survival. Using gene expression signatures, we devised an in silico strategy to map patterns of oncogenic pathway activation in 301 primary gastric cancers, the second highest cause of global cancer mortality. We identified three oncogenic pathways (proliferation/stem cell, NF-kappaB, and Wnt/beta-catenin) deregulated in the majority (>70%) of gastric cancers. We functionally validated these pathway predictions in a panel of gastric cancer cell lines. Patient stratification by oncogenic pathway combinations showed reproducible and significant survival differences in multiple cohorts, suggesting that pathway interactions may play an important role in influencing disease behavior. Individual GCs can be successfully taxonomized by oncogenic pathway activity into biologically and clinically relevant subgroups. Predicting pathway activity by expression signatures thus permits the study of multiple cancer-related pathways interacting simultaneously in primary cancers, at a scale not currently achievable by other platforms.
Biomaterial–stem cell interactions and their impact on stem cell response (2014)

In this review, current research in the field of biomaterial properties for directing stem cells are discussed and placed in a critical perspective.
A low complexity FEC scheme based on the intersection of interleaved block codes (2003)

We describe a class of asymptotically good codes built from the intersection of randomly permuted binary BCH codes. This family of pseudo-random error correcting codes, called generalized low density (GLD) codes, is a direct generalization of Gallager's low density parity check (LDPC) codes. GLD codes belong to the larger family of Tanner codes based on a random bipartite graph. We study the GLD ensemble performance and prove the asymptotically good property. We also compare GLD codes minimum distance and performance to the Varshamov-Gilbert bound and BSC capacity respectively. The results show that maximum-likelihood decoding of GLD codes achieves near capacity efficiency. The suboptimal iterative decoding of GLD codes is briefly presented. Experimental results of small and large blocklength codes are finally illustrated on both AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels.
[Combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model analysis for procainamide and its metabolite]. (1991)

The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of procainamide (PA) and its major metabolite, acetylprocainamide (NAPA), were analyzed by extended combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model in rabbits. The pharmacodynamic parameters Keo, S, Ce(50), Emax for PA were 0.023 +/- 0.005 min-1, 3.9 +/- 1.1, 3.6 +/- 0.9 micrograms.ml-1, 37 +/- 10 ms respectively and for NAPA were 0.061 +/- 0.017 min-1, 2.2 +/- 0.4, 6.2 +/- 1.7 micrograms.ml-1, 53.6 +/- 2.5 ms. Following PA iv to rabbit both PA and NAPA were involved in the QTc prolongation of the initial period, but the later action was mainly associated with NAPA. Differences of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters between PA and NAPA were found.
Tissue-specific autophagy responses to aging and stress in C. elegans (2015)

Cellular function relies on a balance between protein synthesis and breakdown. Macromolecular breakdown through autophagy is broadly required for cellular and tissue development, function, and recovery from stress. While Caenorhabditis elegans is frequently used to explore cellular responses to development and stress, the most common assays for autophagy in this system lack tissue-level resolution. Different tissues within an organism have unique functional characteristics and likely vary in their reliance on autophagy under different conditions. To generate a tissue-specific map of autophagy in C. elegans we used a dual fluorescent protein (dFP) tag that releases monomeric fluorescent protein (mFP) upon arrival at the lysosome. Tissue-specific expression of dFP::LGG-1 revealed autophagic flux in all tissues, but mFP accumulation was most dramatic in the intestine. We also observed variable responses to stress: starvation increased autophagic mFP release in all tissues, whereas anoxia primarily increased intestinal autophagic flux. We observed autophagic flux with tagged LGG-1, LGG-2, and two autophagic cargo reporters: a soluble cytoplasmic protein, and mitochondrial TOMM-7. Finally, an increase in mFP in older worms was consistent with an age-dependent shift in proteostasis. These novel measures of autophagic flux in C. elegans reveal heterogeneity in autophagic response across tissues during stress and aging.
Learning from ambiguity (1998)

There are many learning problems for which the examples given by the teacher are ambiguously labeled. In this thesis, we will examine one framework of learning from ambiguous examples known as Multiple-Instance learning. Each example is a bag, consisting of any number of instances. A bag is labeled negative if all instances in it are negative. A bag is labeled positive if at least one instance in it is positive. Because the instances themselves are not labeled, each positive bag is an ambiguous example. We would like to learn a concept which will correctly classify unseen bags. We have developed a measure called Diverse Density and algorithms for learning from multiple-instance examples. We have applied these techniques to problems in drug design, stock prediction, and image database retrieval. These serve as examples of how to translate the ambiguity in the application domain into bags, as well as successful...
Recovery of Brightness Discrimination in Adult Rats despite Progressive Loss of Retrogradely Labelled Retinal Ganglion Cells after Controlled Optic Nerve Crush (1993)

Restoration of brightness discrimination was studied in adult rats after controlled crush of the optic nerve in order to further characterize a recently introduced experimental brain injury model. Mild, moderate or severe crush of the optic nerve produced partial or complete loss of the ability to perform a brightness discrimination task. Two to three weeks following mild injury we observed nearly complete spontaneous behavioural recovery whereas recovery was more limited after moderate and totally absent after severe crush. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injected into the superior colliculus was transported retrogradely across the lesion site and accumulated in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Two days following mild, moderate or severe crush, 28, 23 and 8% respectively of RGCs were found to be labelled with HRP, indicating that they are still connected with their target and are therefore presumably intact. RGC loss affected all areas of the retina homogeneously. At postoperative day 14, the number of morphologically 'intact' RGCs declined even further to 11% in the mild injury group, despite our observation of recovery of vision to near-normal levels. The mechanism whereby such impressive neuronal plasticity is achieved despite the rather small number of intact RGCs is still unknown. However, further studies of the crush model using additional behavioural, morphological and electrophysiological techniques may allow us to determine more clearly the biological basis of recovery of function after central nervous system injury.
Creating Rich, Structured Metadata: Lessons Learned in the Metadata Portal Project (2015)

Creating Rich, Structured Metadata: Lessons Learned in the Metadata Portal Project
The expression of GPC3 in human malignant cancers and its potential clinical application (2011)

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a heparin sulfate proteoglycan that is bound to the cell membrane by glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol anchor. GPC3 plays a key role in the growth of cells and its expression is different among various malignant tumors. GPC3 may be one of important causes for oncogenicity. This article reviews the recent studies on diagnostic value of GPC3 as a tumor marker in liver cancer, melanoma and ovarian clear cell carcinoma, and the latest advances in GPC3 as a target for cancer immunotherapy.

DOI: 10.3781/j.issn.1000-7431.2011.09.017
Frequency-Lowering Devices for Managing High-Frequency Hearing Loss: A Review (2009)

Frequency-lowering technology has been around for decades. The primary aim--namely, that of providing high-frequency information to those with severe high-frequency hearing loss--addresses a clinical need most conventional hearing devices are still unable to provide. Early studies with frequency-lowering technology reported mostly unfavorable results, and the devices never gained clinical popularity. However, as hearing aid (HA) technology becomes ever more sophisticated, it is appropriate to reconsider whether frequency-lowering HAs should be an amplification choice in those with high-frequency hearing loss. Recent research is yielding promise with people who wear frequency-lowering devices showing improved speech perception. Questions remain regarding patient candidacy and whether auditory training may result in better outcomes. The author also discusses future clinical directions and research needs for frequency lowering.
Enhanced enrichment and detection of thermotolerant <i>Campylobacter</i> species from water using the Portable Microbe Enrichment Unit and real-time PCR (2009)

An enhanced enrichment using the Portable Microbe Enrichment Unit (PMEU) with the microaerobic bubbling of broths was applied for the detection of thermotolerant Campylobacter species from water. This PMEU enrichment was compared with the conventional static enrichment of the international standard ISO 17995:2005. In addition, Campylobacter detection after enrichment using a real-time PCR detection was compared with colony counts. The tests with stressed Campylobacter jejuni cells in drinking water indicated that the PMEU enrichment yielded a significantly higher number of Campylobacter cells in the Bolton broth compared with the conventional static incubation. Application of the real-time PCR technique shortened the Campylobacter detection time. This combination of method modifications can be used for Campylobacter detection from water and adds methodological repertoire for the rapid survey and management of waterborne outbreaks.
On the substrate specificity of cathepsin L. (1981)

A view is given on the maximal hydrolysis of proteins by cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.15) in dependence on the pH. The overall degradation of several proteins at pH values lower than pH 6.0 implies a very broad specificity, whereas at pH 7.0 and 7.5 cathepsin L seems to act on proteins cleaving only restricted specific peptide bonds. Some kinetic constants are given for the three synthetic substrates of cathepsin L which are known so far: Bz-Arg-NH2, Z-Lys-OPhNO2 and Z-Phe-Arg-NMec. They cannot be used as completely specific substrates of cathepsin L, because all of them are hydrolysed by cathepsin B and also other proteinases.
Enabling Joint Communication and Radar Sensing in Mobile Networks -- A Survey (2020)

Mobile network is evolving from a communication-only network towards one with joint communication and radar/radio sensing (JCAS) capabilities, that we call perceptive mobile network (PMN). In PMNs, JCAS integrates sensing into communications, sharing a majority of system modules and the same transmitted signals. The PMN is expected to provide a ubiquitous radio sensing platform and enable a vast number of novel smart applications, whilst providing non-compromised communications. In this paper, we present a broad picture of the motivation, methodologies, challenges, and research opportunities of realizing PMN, by providing a comprehensive survey for systems and technologies developed mainly in the last ten years. Beginning by reviewing the work on coexisting communication and radar systems, we highlight their limits on addressing the interference problem, and then introduce the JCAS technology. We then set up JCAS in the mobile network context and envisage its potential applications. We continue to provide a brief review of three types of JCAS systems, with particular attention to their differences in design philosophy. We then introduce a framework of PMN, including the system platform and infrastructure, three types of sensing operations, and signals usable for sensing. Subsequently, we discuss required system modifications to enable sensing on current communication-only infrastructure. Within the context of PMN, we review stimulating research problems and potential solutions, organized under nine topics: performance bounds, waveform optimization, antenna array design, clutter suppression, sensing parameter estimation, resolution of sensing ambiguity, pattern analysis, networked sensing under cellular topology, and sensing-assisted communications. We conclude the paper by listing key open research problems for the aforementioned topics and sharing some lessons that we have learned.
DON as a source of bioavailable nitrogen for phytoplankton (2007)

Abstract. Relative to inorganic nitrogen, concentrations of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) are often high, even in regions believed to be nitrogen-limited. The persistence of these high concentrations led to the view that the DON pool was largely refractory and therefore unimportant to plankton nutrition. Any DON that was utilized was believed to fuel bacterial production. More recent work, however, indicates that fluxes into and out of the DON pool can be large, and that the constancy in concentration is a function of tightly coupled production and consumption processes. Evidence is also accumulating which indicates that phytoplankton, including a number of harmful species, may obtain a substantial part of their nitrogen nutrition from organic compounds. Ongoing research includes ways to discriminate between autotrophic and heterotrophic utilization, as well as a number of mechanisms, such as cell surface enzymes and photochemical decomposition, that could facilitate phytoplankton use of DON components.
ColdFusion MX Web Application Construction Kit (2002)

From the Publisher:


If you're looking to create real-world applications that solve real-world problems using ColdFusion MX as your tool, there's no better place to start than with The ColdFusion MX Web Application Construction Kit. Serving as both tutorial and reference, this all-in-one kit provides everything you need to begin creating Internet-based applications--including evaluation and developer versions of ColdFusion MX and its development environment. 
Building on the tried-and-true formula of the four best-selling previous editions--but using lessons geared toward creating the next generation of Web projects--veteran author Ben Forta moves from the fundamentals of Web and database design to more complex topics like creating data-driven pages, implementing security mechanisms, and building complete applications. In the process, he covers new features in ColdFusion MX: a J2EE-based engine, a new development environment, additional debugging tools, Flash integration, business charting, XML manipulation, and more. Whether you're a recent ColdFusion convert or an old hand who's ready to learn some new tricks and best practices, you'll find answers to all your questions in the definitive and standard developer's reference--The ColdFusion MX Web Application Construction Kit.
Optimizing semiconductor optical amplifiers for transmission systems (1997)

The performance of semiconductor optical amplifiers in a optical fibre transmission system is studied experimentally in terms of the amplifier figure-of-merit, which depends on saturation power, noise figure, and gain. In conclusion, the figure-of-merit of semiconductor optical in-line amplifiers, which is defined by its saturation power, noise figure and gain, determines their performance in a transmission system. Adjusting the amplifier length and temperature mainly influences the optical gain.
3D Images of Materials Structures: Processing and Analysis (2009)

Taking and analyzing images of materials' microstructures is essential for quality control, choice and design of all kind of products. Today, the standard method still is to analyze 2D microscopy images. But, insight into the 3D geometry of the microstructure of materials and measuring its characteristics become more and more prerequisites in order to choose and design advanced materials according to desired product properties. This first book on processing and analysis of 3D images of materials structures describes how to develop and apply efficient and versatile tools for geometric analysis and contains a detailed description of the basics of 3d image analysis.
Photocrosslinking of functionalized rubber. II. Photoinitiated cationic polymerization of epoxidized liquid natural rubber (1995)

Abstract Low molecular weight epoxidized natural rubber has been crosslinked within seconds by UV irradiation in the presence of a triarylsulfonium salt. The photoinitiated cationic ring‐opening polymerization was studied quantitatively by infrared spectroscopy and shown to proceed with surprisingly long kinetic chains in such solid medium. The high conversion (60%) needed for complete insolubilization, together with the presence of tetrahydrofuran structures, argue in favor of an intramolecular polymerization process involving neighboring epoxy groups. The photoinitiator concentration has a strong influence on the rate and extent of the reaction, as well as on the depth of cure profile. Because of an efficient dark process, close to 100% conversion was reached upon storage of the irradiated elastomer at ambient, with a concomitant increase of the gel fraction and the polymer hardness. The grafting of pendent acrylate groups onto the polymer chain leads to a three‐fold decrease of the initial rate of polymerization of the epoxide. The photocuring of natural rubber bearing both epoxy and acrylate groups generates a dual polymer network which combines the properties of the two moieties. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Superoxide-dependent and -independent mechanisms of iron mobilization from ferritin by xanthine oxidase. Implications for oxygen-free-radical-induced tissue destruction during ischaemia and inflammation (1986)

Xanthine oxidase is able to mobilize iron from ferritin. This mobilization can be blocked by 70% by superoxide dismutase, indicating that part of its action is mediated by superoxide (O2-). Uric acid induced the release of ferritin iron at concentrations normally found in serum. The O2(-)-independent mobilization of ferritin iron by xanthine oxidase cannot be attributed to uric acid, because uricase did not influence the O2(-)-independent part and acetaldehyde, a substrate for xanthine oxidase, also revealed an O2(-)-independent part, although no uric acid was produced. Presumably the amount of uric acid produced by xanthine oxidase and xanthine is insufficient to release a measurable amount of iron from ferritin. The liberation of iron from ferritin by xanthine oxidase has important consequences in ischaemia and inflammation. In these circumstances xanthine oxidase, formed from xanthine dehydrogenase, will stimulate the formation of a non-protein-bound iron pool, and the O2(-)-produced by xanthine oxidase, or granulocytes, will be converted by 'free' iron into much more highly toxic oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals (OH.), exacerbating the tissue damage.
Discrimination between initiation and elongation of protein biosynthesis in yeast: identity assured by a nucleotide modification in the initiator tRNA (1993)

Cytoplasmic initiator tRNAs from plants and fungi possess an unique 2'-phosphoribosyl residue at position 64 of their sequence. In yeast tRNA(iMet), this modified nucleotide located in the T-stem of the tRNA is a 2'-1''-(beta-O-ribofuranosyl-5''-phosphoryl)-adenosine. The phosphoribosyl residue of this modified nucleoside was removed chemically by treatment involving periodate oxidation of tRNA(iMet) and regeneration of the 3'-terminal adenosine with ATP (CTP):tRNA nucleotidyl transferase. The role of phosphoribosylation at position 64 for interaction with elongation factor eEF-1 alpha and initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) was investigated in the homologous yeast system. Whereas the 5'-phosphoribosyl residue prevents the binding of Met-tRNA(iMet) to eEF-1 alpha, it does not influence the interaction with eIF-2. After removal of the ribosyl group, the demodified initiator tRNA showed binding to eEF-1 alpha, but no change was detected with respect to the interaction with the initiation factor eIF-2. This observation is interpreted to mean that a single modification of an eucaryotic initiator tRNA in yeast serves as a negative discriminant for eEF-1 alpha, thus preventing the initiator tRNA(iMet) from entering the elongation cycle of protein biosynthesis.