gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two nonallelic insulin genes in Xenopus laevis are expressed differentially during neurulation in prepancreatic embryos. (1991)

Insulin, traditionally regarded as a metabolic hormone, also can potently stimulate growth and differentiation in many cell types. To study further the potential role of insulin during early embryogenesis, we have used the amphibian Xenopus laevis, a versatile model of vertebrate development. Using (i) nucleotide sequences of two previously cloned cDNAs that correspond to two different nonallelic Xenopus insulin genes (both of which are expressed in the adult pancreas) and (ii) a modification of the highly sensitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method developed in our laboratory, designated RNA template-specific PCR (RS-PCR), we now find that mRNAs for both Xenopus insulins I and II are present in mature (stage VI) oocytes but not in less-mature oocytes (stages I and IV) or in unfertilized eggs. The Xenopus insulin II gene is differentially expressed during early neurulation (stage 13), while only the insulin I gene is expressed at stage 21, when the neural tube is closing and cephalization is beginning. During later stages (i.e., stage 26) there is a region in the head that appears to be transcribing only the insulin I gene, while mRNAs for both insulins I and II are present in the body region. These findings show that the two nonallelic insulin genes are expressed differentially in Xenopus embryos in a stage- and region-specific manner; because appropriate receptors are also present, we suggest a role for insulin during early nervous system development well before the emergence of pancreatic beta cells.
Localization of the hsp83 transcript within a 3292 nucleotide sequence from the 63B heat shock locus of<i>D. melanogaster</i> (1983)

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a 3292 bp cloned segment derived from the 63B heat shock cytogenetic locus of D. melanogaster. Within this segment we have positioned the start of transcription and RNA splice sites of the unique gene that encodes the 83,000 d heat shock polypeptide (hsp83 gene) by S1 mapping and synthesis of cDNA from restriction fragment primed mRNA. The sequence begins at a point 879 bp upstream from the transcription start and includes the 149 bp nontranslated first exon, the 1139 bp intron and extends 1125 bp into the protein coding region. These data identify a single open translation reading frame for the first 375 amino acids of the 83,000 d polypeptide, beginning with the first ATG codon located at the 3' intron-exon junction. We discuss and demonstrate the use of E. coli exonuclease III generated single-strand DNA probes as an alternative to strand separation for S1 mapping of mRNA. We also use homology search criteria based upon known protein-DNA binding sites to compare our hsp83 sequence with other sequenced Drosophila heat shock genes. These comparisons indicate that a large region of approximately 80 bp centered around the transcription initiation point of the hsp83 gene shares only a 31% homology with the corresponding region of the hsp70 gene, whereas the hsp22, 23, 26, and 27 genes share a 54% homology with hsp70 in this region. The lower homology of the hsp83 gene is consistent with the deviant nature of this heat shock gene.
Differential expression of type-specific c-abl mRNAs in mouse tissues and cell lines. (1988)

The mammalian c-abl proto-oncogene produces mRNAs with 5' heterogeneity from two distinct promoters and the alternative splicing of variable 5' exons. By using quantitative RNase protection assays, the relative abundance of two major c-abl mRNAs, type I and type IV, in several mouse tissues and cell lines has been determined. Our results demonstrate that the level of type IV c-abl mRNA is rather constant, whereas that of the type I mRNA varies over a 10-fold range in different tissues and cell types. This finding has interesting implications for the function of the two c-abl proteins.
Mode of action and comparative efficacy of pharmacological agents that inhibit calcium‐dependent dehydration of sickle cells (1992)

1. Selected Ca-channel antagonists were tested at 20 microM as inhibitors of Ca(2+)-uptake in human sickle red cells. Nitrendipine, fendiline, and bepridil (and its stereoisomers), were found to be as effective as methoxyverapamil (D-600) in inhibiting a fraction (25%) of Ca(2+)-uptake. In contrast cetiedil and Org 30701 were ineffective. 2. The drugs were subsequently tested as inhibitors of Ca(2+)-induced K+ efflux (Gardos) from sickle cells. They all showed inhibitory activity, with the order of efficacy nitrendipine greater than fendiline greater than bepridil greater than cetiedil greater than Org 30701. 3. With a 15 h programme of deoxygenation/reoxygenation cycles in a gas exchanger, it was shown that the inhibitors protected against cellular dehydration and loss of filterability in the order nitrendipine greater than fendiline greater than bepridil greater than cetiedil greater than Org 30701. However, significant stomatocytosis occurred at high concentrations of cetiedil, and bepridil (including its stereoisomers and analogues) impairing cell deformability. 4. It is concluded that Ca-antagonists may partially block both Ca(2+)-uptake and Ca(2+)-induced K+ efflux. The latter pathway is significant in contributing to sickle cell dehydration and nitrendipine is the most effective inhibitor of this route.
Hand gesture recognition using a skeleton-based feature representation with a random regression forest (2017)

In this paper, we propose a method for automatic hand gesture recognition using a random regression forest with a novel set of feature descriptors created from skeletal data acquired from the Leap Motion Controller. The efficacy of our proposed approach is evaluated on the publicly available University of Padova Microsoft Kinect and Leap Motion dataset, as well as 24 letters of the English alphabet in American Sign Language. The letters that are dynamic (e.g. j and z) are not evaluated. Using a random regression forest to classify the features we achieve 100% accuracy on the University of Padova Microsoft Kinect and Leap Motion dataset. We also constructed an in-house dataset using the 24 static letters of the English alphabet in ASL. A classification rate of 98.36% was achieved on this dataset. We also show that our proposed method outperforms the current state of the art on the University of Padova Microsoft Kinect and Leap Motion dataset.
Modified polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid complex: sustained interferonemia and its physiological associates in humans (1979)

Fourteen patients with severe viral illnesses were given intravenous infusions of a modified interferon inducer, polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid-poly-L-lysine complexed with carboxymethylcellulose [poly)I:C.LC)], during a phase 1 clinical trial. The first eight patients received 0.15 to 0.30 mg of poly(I:C.LC) per kg of body weight daily for 5 consecutive days, and another received two courses separated by 1 week. A second group of five patients was given single intravenous infusions of 0.10 to 0.15 mg of poly(I:C.LC) per kg. Interferon was detectable in the serum 8 to 16 h after injection. Titers ranged from 15 to 800 U/ml and varied directly with the dose of poly(I:C.LC). Interferonemias persisted for 12 to 48 h. In patients receiving 5-day courses of poly(I:C.LC), lower levels of serum interferon (0 to 160 U/ml) occurred on days 2 through 5, characteristic of a hyporesponsive state. An exception was a 69-year-old patient with disseminated varicella zoster, multiple myeloma, and renal insufficiency whose serum contained 3,150 U of interferon per ml on day 3 of 0.3 mg of poly(I:C.LC) per kg. Fever (39 to 40.5 degrees C, rectally; 13 of the 14 patients) peaked 3 to 8 h after completion of infusions. Other toxic effects included lymphopenia (10 of the 14 patients), hypotensive episodes (7 of the 14 patients), and minor elevations of serum glutamicoxalacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase.
Thermal behavior and tensile properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate‐co‐ethylene isophthalate) (2000)

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(ethylene isophthalate) (PEI) homopolymers were synthesized by the two-step melt polycondensation process of ethylene glycol (EG) with dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and/or dimethyl isophthalate (DMI), respectively. Nine copolymers of the above three monomers were also synthesized by varying the mole percent of DMI with respect to DMT in the initial monomer feed. The thermal behavior was investigated over the entire range of copolymer composition by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The glass transition (Tg), cold crystallization (Tcc), melting (Tm), and crystallization (Tc) temperatures have been determined. Also, the gradually increasing proportion of ethyleno-isophthalate units in the virgin PET drastically differentiated the tensile mechanical properties, which were determined, and the results are discussed. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 200–207, 2000
Testing information delivery methods using augmented reality (2002)

This paper describes an experiment conducted to compare three technologies in delivering a multi-step maintenance procedure to a factory worker. Optical see-through augmented reality, a web browser and a traditional paper-based manual used as control were the three technologies. Both augmented reality and the web browser expoited voice recognition and text to speech capability thus enabling a hands free user interface. The measure of the experiment was time to completion. An entrance and exit questionnaire were given to subjects to obtain qualitative measurements. Thirty-six individuals participated in a randomized block experiment design with repeated measures.
The research and implementation of visual access control system (2015)

Using infrared sensors, the fingerprint acquisition system, cameras and LED digital tube, such as device design Infrared thermal fingerprint visualization entrance guard system.It uses the infrared thermal device to feel light and temperature's change. The sensor send the real-time ray signal to control circuit, which will lock LED human body induction switch according to the signal value.The control signal can be output when the human body go through the device with using a series of circuit processing,which can open or close automatically camera device in order to achieve visual purposes.The system has very big development space and practical value because of its the advantages of settings and simple operation, functional excellence.
Cognitive and Mood-State Changes in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (1991)

In this paper the cognitive and psychiatric impairments associated with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and related disorders are reviewed. It is concluded that while acute mononucleosis and infection with Epstein-Barr virus occasionally result in impaired cognition, such changes have not yet been objectively verified in patients with CFS. However, when patients with CFS are carefully studied, concurrent or premorbid psychiatric disorders are revealed at a greater than chance level. Finally, some suggestions are offered regarding improved neuropsychological assessment of fatigue, concentration, and attention for patients with CFS. The findings to date, while suggesting that psychological predisposition may play a role in the expression of CFS, are still inconclusive regarding the etiology of CFS.
Shielding of tryptophan residues of avidin by the binding of biotin (1989)

The binding of biotin to tetrameric avidin changes the environment of tryptophan residues. Binding reduces the total tryptophan fluorescence by 34%, shifts the emission peak from 337 to 324 nm, and reduces the fluorescence bandwidth from 61 to 46 nm. These changes are consistent with the movement of tryptophans to a nonpolar, internal environment. In the absence of biotin, iodide readily quenches the fluorescence of 20-29% of the initial fluorescence, which likely corresponds to one tryptophan located in a positively charged environment. Iodide may have weak access to additional fluorescence, corresponding to perhaps one additional tryptophan. Acrylamide, in the absence of biotin, has good access to three-fourths or more of the fluorescence, but the remainder, due to one or two tryptophans, is well shielded. The binding of biotin completely prevents iodide quenching and decreases acrylamide access dramatically. The data indicate that biotin binding shifts two or three tryptophans to an internal, hydrophobic, shielded environment.
Optimization of Virus Imprinting Methods To Improve Selectivity and Reduce Nonspecific Binding (2007)

Molecular imprinting is a technique that creates synthetic materials containing highly specific receptor sites that have an affinity for a target molecule. When large particles such as viruses are imprinted, special consideration must be taken to ensure the formation of complementary cavities. Factors that influence imprint formation, include uniformity of the precross-linked mixture and release of the virus template after cross-linking. In this study, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was used as a model virus. Polymer-virus aggregates formed when poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAA) was mixed with TMV at low polymer concentrations (<0.0001% w/v), but such aggregates were prevented at high polymer concentrations (>25% w/v). Various wash protocols were compared for their ability to remove the virus template from the cross-linked molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), with sodium hydroxide (1 M) exhibiting the best performance. On the basis of these results, optimized MIPs targeted for TMV virus were synthesized, exhibiting a high affinity to TMV (imprinting factor of 2.3) and low affinity to tobacco necrosis virus, the nontarget virus.
Biocompatibility Issues with Modern Implants in Bone - A Review for Clinical Orthopedics (2008)

Skeletal defects may result from traumatic, infectious, congenital or neoplastic processes and are considered to be a challenge for reconstructive surgery. Although the autologous bone graft is still the "gold standard", there is continuing demand for bone substitutes because of associated disadvantages, such as limited supply and potential donor side morbidity [1]. This is not only true for indications in orthopedic and craniomaxillofacial surgeries, but also in repairing endodontic defects and in dental implantology.Before clinical use all new bone substitute materials have to be validated for their osseoconductive and - depending on the composition of the material also -inductive ability, as well as for their long-term biocompatibility in bone. Serving this purpose various bone healing models to test osteocompatibility and inflammatory potential of a novel material on one hand and, on the other hand, non-healing osseous defects to assess the healing potential of a bone substitute material have been developed. Sometimes the use of more than one implantation site can be helpful to provide a wide range of information about a new material [2].Important markers for biocompatibility and inflammatory responses are the cell types appearing after the implantation of foreign material. There, especially the role of foreign body giant cells (FBGC) is discussed controversial in the pertinent literature, such that it is not clear whether their presence marks an incompatibility of the biomaterial, or whether it belongs to a normal degradation behavior of modern, resorbable biomaterials.This publication is highlighting the different views currently existing about the function of FBGC that appear in response to biomaterials at the implantation sites. A short overview of the general classes of biomaterials, where FBGC may appear as cellular response, is added for clarity, but may not be complete.
A Comparison of Multichannel, Sequential and Multiplex GPS Receivers for Air Navigation (1984)

As the NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS) begins moving beyond the initial development stage, potential air navigation users are going to have a considerable range of choices for set designs. This paper describes three of the main receiver architecture approaches: multichannel, sequential, and multiplex (MUX). These major options are compared according to functional capabilities, effects of dynamics on navigation accuracy, and relative cost. Oscillator g-loading effects are addressed. The most appropriate choice for a given military or civil air navigation application likely involves a judicious combination of the various basic set architectures. A general familiarity with NAVSTAR/GPS is assumed.
S-Band Avalanche Diode Amplifiers. (1972)

The report describes the R+D work performed in fulfillment of an MIT contract for an S-band power amplifier, using a 'high-efficiency' silicon avalanche diode. Both theoretical computer simulations and experimental device and circuit investigations were carried out. (Modified author abstract)
Interaction of Parthenin with Gibberellic Acid on Growth Responses in Achyranthes Aspera and Barley (1981)

The seeds of Achyranthes aspera and Hordeum vulgare when treated with parthenin (1,6β- dihydroxy-4- oxo-10αH- ambrosa-2,11(13)- dien- 12- oic acid -γlactone) showed significant inhibition in their germination and growth of radicle/root and coleoptile. Lower concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) (2β, 4α ∝ 7-trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylene-4bβ-gibb-3-ene-1α, 10β-dicarboxylic acid 1,4 β lactone) significantly increased the plumule/coleoptile length whereas, higher concentrations reduced their length as well as germination. The GA3 induced seed germination and seedling growth was (suppressed by treatment with parthenin applied in combination with GA3 or alone applied subsequent to GA3 treatment. GA3 applied after parthenin treatment reduced the inhibitory effect induced by parthenin bet could not completely reverse the effects.
REFLECTIONS ON JUSTICE FRANCIS J. QUIRICO'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS (1980)

Francis J. Quirico retired from the Massachusetts Supreme Ju­ dicial Court on February 18, 1981 after nearly twenty-five years on the bench. Justice Quirico served as a judge of the superior court for thirteen of those years and as a justice of the high court for the remainder. A native of Pittsfield, Justice Quirico has a deep and abiding love for western Massachusetts and its people. His thorough, methodical, and incisive style, together with his personal demeanor of quiet patience and courteousness, have earned him the respect and admiration of the Commonwealth's legal community and of all those who worked with him. Many consider him to have been the most able jurist on the court during his time there. It is possible that with the passage of time he will be assessed as one of the Commonwealth's greatest judges. It is certain that he is one of the finest human beings ever to sit on the Massachusetts bench.
Surface Modification of Carbon Nitride Polymers by Core–Shell Nickel/Nickel Oxide Cocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Photocatalysis (2015)

Abstract Ni/NiO core–shell cocatalysts have been prepared on the surface of graphitic carbon nitride by a facile in situ immersion strategy to promote photocatalytic H 2 evolution activity under the light irradiation of the conjugated polymer. The physicochemical properties of the as‐prepared hybridized materials were characterized by several techniques, which include XRD, UV‐Raman spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, to investigate the composition, texture, surface properties, and optical properties of the samples. In comparison with an unmodified carbon nitride polymer, the Ni/NiO‐decorated sample shows an increased photocatalytic H 2 evolution rate and good durability because of the promoted surface kinetics that increase the charge‐transfer rate and reduce the overpotential for H 2 evolution dramatically.
A feasibility study of using conventional jaws to deliver complex IMRT plans for head and neck cancer (2009)

Previous studies have demonstrated that simple intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans can be produced with a series of rectangular segments formed by conventional jaws. This study investigates whether complex IMRT plans for head and neck cancer can be delivered with the conventional jaws efficiently. Six nasopharyngeal cancer patients, previously treated with multi-leaf collimator (MLC)-IMRT plans, were re-planned using conventional jaw delivery options. All IMRT plans were subject to the plan acceptance criteria of the RTOG-0225 protocol. For a selected patient, the maximum number of segments varied from five to nine per beam, and was tested for both jaws-only IMRT (JO-IMRT) plans and MLC-IMRT plans. Subsequently, JO-IMRT plans and MLC-IMRT on the same treatment planning system were attempted for all patients with identical beams. The dose distribution, dose volume histograms (DVH), the conformal index (COIN), the uniformity index and delivery efficiency were compared between the MLC-IMRT and JO-IMRT plans. All JO-IMRT plans met the RTOG-0225 criteria for tumor coverage and sensitive structures sparing. The corresponding MLC-IMRT and JO-IMRT plans show comparable conformality and uniformity, with average COINs of the planning gross tumor volume(pGTV) 37.7% +/- 18.7% versus 37.9% +/- 18.1%, and the average uniformity index 82.8% +/- 2.5% versus 83.6% +/- 3.1%, respectively. The average monitor unit for JO-IMRT plans was about twice that of MLC-IMRT plans. In conclusion, conventional jaws can be used solely to deliver complex IMRT plans for patients with nasopharyngeal cancer yet still within a practical delivery time.
Utilising domain knowledge in inductive knowledge discovery (1995)

Describes a novel inductive knowledge discovery and learning algorithm, CUPID, and how it is able to utilise basic forms of domain knowledge to guide and improve its efficiency and accuracy. The system is capable of using two forms of domain knowledge-generalisation hierarchies on attribute values, and constructed intensional attribute definitions. Experimental results have been gathered suggesting that the use of these types of domain knowledge is beneficial in induction-by allowing more efficient computation and more accurate and predictive resulting knowledge structures. A well-founded information theoretic measure of rule utility (the J measure) allows effective pruning ofthe hypothesis search space. CUPID's inductive strategy and information-theoretic guided search of the hypothesis space allows available domain knowledge that may be incorrect and incomplete to be utilised.
[Examination of laser-treated tooth surfaces after exposure to acid]. (1990)

In principle it is possible to homogenize the enamel surface by melting structural elements with the continuous wave CO2 laser. An experimental caries model was used for testing the acid resistance of the laser exposed tooth surfaces. Laser-treatment and measured exposure to acid produced zones of homogeneous smelting with microcracks and disintegration symptoms. Underneath the melted region the heat leakage obviously causes photo-thermic++ effects determined by increased resistance to acid.
Antidepressant-Induced Sweating (2005)

We recommend a patient-specific approach for the management of antidepressant-induced sweating. First, consider dose reduction or a trial off antidepressant medication. In patients in whom this is inappropriate or ineffective, substitution of another antidepressant should be considered. If episodes of excessive sweating persist, consider treatment of sweating symptoms with benztropine or cyproheptadine in the absence of contraindications.