gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Activities and Structures of Two Linear Cationic Peptide Families with Various Amphipathic β-Sheet and α-Helical Potentials (2005)

Many naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides comprise cationic linear sequences with the potential to adopt an amphipathic alpha-helical conformation. We designed a linear 18-residue peptide that adopted an amphipathic beta-sheet structure when it was bound to lipids. In comparison to a 21-residue amphipathic alpha-helical peptide of equal charge and hydrophobicity, this peptide possessed more similar antimicrobial activity and greater selectivity in binding to and inducing leakage in vesicles composed of bacterial membrane lipids than vesicles composed of mammalian membrane lipids (J. Blazyk, R. Weigand, J. Klein, J. Hammer, R. M. Epand, R. F. Epand, W. L. Maloy, and U. P. Kari, J. Biol. Chem. 276:27899-27906, 2001). Here, we compare two systematically designed families of linear cationic peptides to evaluate the importance of amphipathicity for determination of antimicrobial activity. Each peptide contains six lysine residues and is amidated at the carboxyl terminus. The first family consists of five peptides with various capacities to form amphipathic beta-sheet structures. The second family consists of six peptides with various potentials to form amphipathic alpha helices. Only those peptides that can form a highly amphipathic structure (either a beta sheet or an alpha helix) possessed significant antimicrobial activities. Striking differences in the abilities to bind to and induce leakage in membranes and lipid vesicles were observed for the two families. Overall, the amphipathic beta-sheet peptides are less lytic than their amphipathic alpha-helical counterparts, particularly toward membranes containing phosphatidylcholine, a lipid commonly found in mammalian plasma membranes. Thus, it appears that antimicrobial peptides that can form an amphipathic beta-sheet conformation may offer a selective advantage in targeting bacterial cells.
Influence of target microstructure on the propensity for whisker growth in sputter-deposited aluminum alloy films (1989)

Sputtering target microstructure can significantly affect the reliability of integrated circuit metallizations through the growth of aluminum single-crystal whiskers during sputter deposition at substrate temperatures in excess of 400 °C. Whisker densities in the film ranged from over 1500 to 133 cm−2 as the aluminum–silicon–copper alloy target microstructure was varied from a low to a high concentration of second-phase precipitates. The mechanism by which the micro- structure of the sputtering target influences the propensity for whisker growth in the deposited film is proposed to be the emission of silicon–silicon and aluminum–copper dimers by the target. These dimers nucleate second-phase precipitates in the growing film which reduces grain boundary mobility and suppresses film stress relief by hillocking. The film stress is consequently relieved by the rapid growth of the aluminum single-crystal whiskers.
Towards Synthesis-Free JIT Compilation to Commodity FPGAs (2011)

We explore the feasibility of accelerating soft processors by dynamically translating hot segments of code into FPGA circuits. We propose an approach that tackles two key challenges: the prohibitive compile time of standard synthesis tools and the limited run-time reconfigurability of commodity FPGAs. We use traces, or hot straight-line segments of code, as the units of code to translate into FPGA circuits, combined with a pre-synthesized overlay that is tuned for traces. The overlay, referred to as the Virtual Dynamically Reconfigurable (VDR) overlay consists of an array of functional units that are interconnected by a set of programmable switches. The overlay can be rapidly configured by the soft processor at run-time. Our approach avoids traditional synthesis and reduces code-to-circuit translation to the significantly faster mapping of instructions to VDR units. Preliminary evaluation shows that the overlay speeds up the execution of the benchmark by up to 9X over a Nios II processor. The overlay incurs a 6.4X penalty in resources compared to Nios II.
Suitability of Plastic Films for Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Fruits and Vegetables (1993)

ABSTRACT Suitability of plastic films in standard configurations to maintain modified atmospheres was evaluated for common fruits and vegetables. Most films did not result in optimal O 2 and CO 2 atmospheres, especially when produce had high respiration. Produce with low and medium respiration could be matched with films considering O 2 permeability requirements alone. MA packaging systems designed to produce optimal oxygen at suitable temperatures could have complications from transient temperature increases during storage and/or transportation. Respiration rates of fruits and vegetables increase more with temperature than do gas permeabilities of films. Higher than optimum temperatures could cause anoxia and seriously damage produce. More permeable gas pathways and temperature compensation to equalize Q 10 values are needed for MA packaging systems to timction effectively.
Inactivation of HIV, HBV, HCV related viruses and other viruses in human plasma derivatives by pasteurisation. (1993)

Laboratory studies were made to verify the capacity and efficacy of the pasteurisation step (heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 10 hours in stabilized aqueous solution) in inactivating various pathogenic viruses (e.g. HIV, HBV, HCV related viruses, HAV, HSV, poliovirus). These experiments proved that pasteurisation effectively inactivates a broad spectrum of viruses with a range of different physicochemical properties. The results, summarized in inactivation kinetics, demonstrate that complete inactivation of high quantities of both enveloped (e.g. HIV, HCV related viruses) and non-enveloped (e.g. poliovirus) viruses takes place during pasteurisation. In clinical trials on the virus safety of plasma derivatives no case of AIDS, hepatitis B or C occurred. From these data we conclude that heat treatment at 60 degrees C in a stabilized aqueous solution confers a high margin of safety on human plasma protein preparations regarding the transmission of diseases such as AIDS or hepatitis.
Agent behavior in peer-to-peer shared ride systems (2007)

Shared ride systems match the travel demand of transport a client with the supply of vehicles, or hosts, so that the client find rides to their destinations.A peer-to-peer shared ride system allows a client to find rides in an ad-hoc manner, by negotiating directly with nearby hosts via radio-based communication.Such a peer-to-peer shared ride system has to deal with various types of hosts, such as private cars, taxicabs and mass
Diversity and Versatility of the Thermotoga maritima Sugar Kinome (2012)

Sugar phosphorylation is an indispensable committed step in a large variety of sugar catabolic pathways, which are major suppliers of carbon and energy in heterotrophic species. Specialized sugar kinases that are indispensable for most of these pathways can be utilized as signature enzymes for the reconstruction of carbohydrate utilization machinery from microbial genomic and metagenomic data. Sugar kinases occur in several structurally distinct families with various partially overlapping as well as yet unknown substrate specificities that often cannot be accurately assigned by homology-based techniques. A subsystems-based metabolic reconstruction combined with the analysis of genome context and followed by experimental testing of predicted gene functions is a powerful approach of functional gene annotation. Here we applied this integrated approach for functional mapping of all sugar kinases constituting an extensive and diverse sugar kinome in the thermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima. Substrate preferences of 14 kinases mainly from the FGGY and PfkB families were inferred by bioinformatics analysis and biochemically characterized by screening with a panel of 45 different carbohydrates. Most of the analyzed enzymes displayed narrow substrate preferences corresponding to their predicted physiological roles in their respective catabolic pathways. The observed consistency supports the choice of kinases as signature enzymes for genomics-based identification and reconstruction of sugar utilization pathways. Use of the integrated genomic and experimental approach greatly speeds up the identification of the biochemical function of unknown proteins and improves the quality of reconstructed pathways.
Sterilizing Effects of High-Intensity Airborne Sonic and Ultrasonic Waves (1966)

The lethal effects of high-intensity airborne sonic (9.9 kc/sec) and ultrasonic waves (30.4 kc/sec) on spores of Bacillus subtilis var. niger ATCC 9372 were determined. The spores, which were deposited on filter-paper strips, were exposed to sound waves for periods varying from 1 to 8 hr, at a temperature of 40 C and a relative humidity of 40%. Significant reductions in the viable counts of spores exposed to airborne sonic or ultrasonic irradiations were obtained. The antibacterial activity of airborne sound waves varied with the sound intensity level, the period of irradiation, and the distance of the sample from the sound source. At similar intensity levels, the amplitude of motion of the sound waves appeared to be a factor in acoustic sterilization.
IMPROVED SYNTHESES OF PICRYLHYDRAZINE AND OF THE PICRYLHYDRAZONES OF ACETONE AND OF ACETALDEHYDE (1975)

(1975). IMPROVED SYNTHESES OF PICRYLHYDRAZINE AND OF THE PICRYLHYDRAZONES OF ACETONE AND OF ACETALDEHYDE. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 67-70.
From seismic data to core data: an integrated approach to enhance reservoir characterization (2003)

Abstract Integrated structural analyses of seismic and various well data are necessary to optimize hydrocarbon reservoir characterization. However, there are many published examples from the oil and gas industry where single data types are analysed but not integrated. This may lead to erroneous interpretations and drainage strategies. As illustrated by an example from the area around well 34/10-B-12 in the North Sea Gullfaks Field, integrated structural interpretation should typically utilize all available seismic surveys, well log correlation data, dipmeter data and core data. Interpretation of seismic data helps in the understanding of large-scale structural and stratigraphic geometries. Time-lapse (4D) seismic helps to identify changes in reservoir properties caused by injection and production. Well log correlation data are used to document variations in zonation thickness caused by sedimentological or structural changes. Dipmeter data tie observations of bedding orientation from seismic data to subseismic scale. Core data represent the most detailed (millimetre to metre scale) data available and can yield information on rock properties as well as sedimentological and (micro)structural features. Small-scale deformation structures such as deformation bands and fractures can typically be identified and characterized. In addition, it is possible from unorientated cores to find the orientation of bedding and deformation structures. This information is compared to observations from dipmeter data, well log correlation data and seismic data to improve the interpretation. Well 34/10-B-12 is a hanging wall injector near one of the large-scale faults in the Gullfaks Field. Several 3D seismic surveys are available from the area, as are standard well log data, dipmeter information and cores. Together, the data range from millimetre to kilometre with some overlap between the data types. Through integrated analysis, pitfalls such as interpreting any linear feature on timedip attribute maps as faults has been avoided. Also, a geometric relation between core-scale and seismic-scale faults has been established, and it has been possible to relate small-scale and large-scale structures in a model which is consistent with all the available data.
Stability of ondansetron hydrochloride and dexamethasone sodium phosphate in infusion bags and syringes for 32 days (1996)

Journal Article Stability of ondansetron hydrochloride and dexamethasone sodium phosphate in infusion bags and syringes for 32 days Get access Robert L. Hagan, Ph.D., Robert L. Hagan, Ph.D. Chief, Analytical Research Clinical Investigation Facility, David Grant Medical Center, Travis Air Force Base, CA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mark S. Mallett, Pharm.D., Mark S. Mallett, Pharm.D. Chief, Pharmaceutical Research Clinical Investigation Facility, David Grant Medical Center, Travis Air Force Base, CA Address reprint requests to Dr. Mallett at 60th Medical Group/Clinical Insestigations, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535-1800. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Janet L. Fox, Pharm.D. Janet L. Fox, Pharm.D. Director, Clinical Applications Research Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Volume 53, Issue 12, 15 June 1996, Pages 1431–1435, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/53.12.1431 Published: 15 June 1996
A 500-MHz, 0.76-W/mm Power Density and 76.2% Power Efficiency, Fully Integrated Digital Buck Converter in 65-nm CMOS (2016)

In this paper, we propose a 500-MHz ON-chip digitally controlled buck converter in which active and passive components are fully integrated on a single CMOS chip. To achieve high-power density, a two-phase interleaving buck converter with negatively coupled inductors is adopted to reduce the silicon area for both inductors and output capacitors. In addition, the proposed ON-chip stacked L/C structure can achieve 20% area saving. Furthermore, to support a 500-Hz switching frequency, we present a low-power digital pulsewidth modulation (PWM) controller that includes a 9-bit time-based analog-to-digital converter and a 15%-90% wide-range digital pulsewidth modulator (DPWM), which occupies only 0.075 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and dissipation of 3 mW. The prototype IC fabricated in 65-nm CMOS can convert a 2.2-V input to a 1.2-V output and achieve a peak power efficiency of 76.2% and maximum power density of 0.76 W/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Simultaneously, it can deliver 0.84 W and occupy 1.1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of effective area that includes a pair of 1.54-nH ON-chip inductors and 2.63-nF ON-chip capacitors.
p-i-n/n-i-p type planar hybrid structure of highly efficient perovskite solar cells towards improved air stability: synthetic strategies and the role of p-type hole transport layer (HTL) and n-type electron transport layer (ETL) metal oxides (2016)

There has been fast recent progress in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) towards low cost photovoltaic technology. Organometal mixed halide (MAPbX or FAPbX) perovskites are the most promising light absorbing material sandwiched between the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). These two layers play a critical role in boosting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and maintaining air stability. However, the device stability is a serious issue in regular as well as p-i-n inverted type perovskite solar cells. This mini-review briefly outlines the state-of-art of p-i-n/n-i-p type planar hybrid perovskite solar cells using MAPbX/FAPbX perovskite absorbing layers. Later, we will focus on recent trends, progress and further opportunities in exploring the air stable hybrid planar structure PSCs.
Nonlinear model predictive control utilizing a neuro-fuzzy predictor (2001)

This paper applies a quasi-ARMAX modeling technique, recently presented in the literature, to a process control framework. The use of this quasi-ARMAX modeling technique in nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) formulations applied to simple nonlinear process control examples is investigated. The quasi-ARMAX predictor can be interpreted as a neuro-fuzzy predictor, and this neuro-fuzzy predictor is computationally straightforward and has showed excellent prediction capabilities. The predictor is thus well suited for NMPC purposes. Furthermore, the parameters of the neuro-fuzzy model can be argued to have explicit meaning, thus making the procedure of tuning the NMPC system more transparent when using the neuro-fuzzy predictor.
PERSPECTIVES IN MATERIALS RESEARCH (1963)

Abstract : Contents: The Science of Materials Cohesive Properties of Solids Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Electrical, Optical and Thermal Properties of Solids Diffusion and Mass Transport in Solids Phase Transformations in the Solid State Growth, Structure, and Morphology of Crystals Mechanical Behavior of Crystalline Solids Surface Phenomena - The Nature and Properties of Solid Surfaces and Interfaces Structure and Properties of Liquids Effects of Radiation on Materials Techniques and Instrumentation.
Detection of glycated hemoglobin using 3-Aminophenylboronic acid modified graphene oxide (2011)

This paper presents the chemical synthesis of 3-Aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) modified graphene oxide (GO) and its application to the electrochemical detection of glycated hemoglobin (GHb). The compound (GO-APBA) was synthesized by forming an amide linkage between the amino group (-NH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) of APBA and the carboxylic group (-COOH) of GO. The compound was characterized using IR spectroscopy. Detection of GHb was carried out using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic (EIS) measurements with GO-APBA modified glassy carbon electrode as the working electrode.
Determination of Sodium Monoxide in Sodium (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Sodium Monoxide in SodiumL. P. Pepkowitz and W. C. JuddCite this: Anal. Chem. 1950, 22, 10, 1283–1286Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60046a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60046a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Real-time current-waveform sensor with plugless energy harvesting from AC power lines for home/building energy-management systems (2011)

Home/building energy-management systems (EMSs) driven by information technology are expected to be key to the achievement of an upgraded energy infrastructure, such as Smart Grid. While EMS may offer monitoring, reporting, and control of energy usage, these functions simply track intermittently the energy consumption and operational states of certain appliances and equipments. Further, since their sensing devices are not small, they cannot be attached to every appliance or piece of equipment. Some EMSs gather information, rather, at the power-distribution-board level or the multi-output-tap level. We report here a TX-integrated battery-free real-time current-waveform sensor. It is small enough to be attached to any piece of equipment for continuous power-consumption monitoring. Its key features are : 1) plugless energy harvesting (EH) from AC power lines, 2) real-time sensing and transmitting that use a half-cycle time-to-digital converter (TDC) to detect detailed information on current-wave forms with the precise time-resolution, and 3) asymmetrical power consumption, which helps to achieve high-power RF transmission with a limited EH power supply. Our sensor provides the 1mW power supply from an EH unit, as well as the -5.5dBm RF output power at the 50kS/s sampling with a 1mW EH power supply. We also demonstrate transmission of sensed current-waveform information of several appliances such as a hair dryer, a TV, a notebook PC.
Optimum age of siliques for rescue of hybrid embryos from crosses between <i>Brassica oleracea</i>, <i>B. rapa</i> and <i>B. carinata</i> (2004)

Interspecific hybrids were produced from crosses involving Brassica rapa var. Yellow Sarson (AA), Canadian B. rapa (AA) cultivars, B. oleracea var. alboglabra (CC), B. oleracea var. italica (CC), rapidcycling B. oleracea (CC) and B. carinata (BBCC) to introgress the yellow seed color or self-incompatibility genes into B. napus. Embryo rescue technique was employed for this purpose. In interspecific crosses where a CC genome species was used as the female parent, a significantly lower number of ovules were fertilized compared to the crosses where the BBCC genome species was female. Embryo growth and development were slower in the crosses where the CC genome species was female than in the crosses where BBCC genome species was female. The efficiency of the embryo rescue technique from 16 to 40 d after pollination (DAP) with 4-d intervals was investigated in the crosses using CC genome species as female. The highest numbers of embryos were rescued between 20 and 28 DAP depending upon the specific cross undertaken. However, the survival rate of the embryos rescued at 20 DAP was very low compared to the embryos rescued at 24 and 28 DAP. The survival rate of the embryos rescued at 32 DAP was generally high, but the number of embryos rescued at this stage was significantly lower than at 24 and 28 DAP. No embryos were obtained at 16 DAP or at 40 DAP. Thus, using the CC genome species as female parent, the maximum efficiency of the embryo rescue technique was achieved when embryos were rescued between 24 and 28 DAP. In the case of crosses using the BBCC genome species as female, rescue of hybrid embryos was successful at 18 and 22 DAP. Key words: Brassica, interspecific cross, embryo rescue, embryo development
A Modification of Results of the Osteological Analysis of the Norwegian Expedition to Easter Island (1997)

<p>Since the Norwegian Expedition to Easter Island in 1955-56, led by Thor Heyerdahl, University of Wyoming anthropologists have been involved in archaeological and osteological research on the island. The late Dr. William Mulloy, University of Wyoming anthropologist, was a member of the original team of professional scientists elected by Heyerdahl. He maintained a strong and enduring commitment to continued research there until his death in 1978. Today, his students and colleagues continue much of his pioneering work.</p>
Halothane Reduces Focal Ischemic Injury in the Rat when Brain Temperature Is Controlled (1996)

Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina