gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid Quantitative Chairside Test for Active MMP‐8 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (2007)

In a first pilot field study 64 gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from patients of dental practitioners. The dentists (one orthodontist one periodontist, and one general practitioner) were asked to monitor the respective clinical status of the sites of sampling and to collect, if possible, sulcus fluid samples from healthy as well as affected sites from the same patient. The concentration of activated matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) in the GCF was recorded using a set of monoclonal antibodies and a novel DentoAnalyzer. From all three dental offices the distribution of the aMMP-8 values in GCF showed a congruent pattern, where healthy and periodontitis-affected inflamed sites were clearly disparate.
Reaction Rates in Binary Mixed Solvents. IV (1968)

Abstract Three cases of combinations of the solvation free-energy differences in two solvents, with respect to a reactant and an activated complex, have been proposed. The theoretical expressions for the rate constant and for the activation energy in binary mixed solvents have been derived for each model. From the theoretical calculations based on these models, it has been demonstrated that the behavior of a system in which the reaction rates are mainly dependent on the difference in the solvation energies of an activated complex can be distinguished from behavior of a system where the reaction rates are controlled by the difference in the solvation energies of a reactant. The reaction rates of the Menschutkin reaction in binary mixed solvents containing liquid sulfur dioxide as one component of the mixed solvent have been analyzed on the basis of these models.
PERFORMANCE OF A NOVEL FAST TRANSIENTS DETECTION SYSTEM (2013)

We investigate the S/N of a new incoherent dedispersion algorithm optimized for FPGA-based architectures intended for deployment on ASKAP and other SKA precursors for fast transients surveys. Unlike conventional CPU- and GPU-optimized incoherent dedispersion algorithms, this algorithm has the freedom to maximize the S/N by way of programmable dispersion profiles that enable the inclusion of different numbers of time samples per spectral channel. This allows, for example, more samples to be summed at lower frequencies where intra-channel dispersion smearing is larger, or it could even be used to optimize the dedispersion sum for steep spectrum sources. Our analysis takes into account the intrinsic pulse width, scatter broadening, spectral index and dispersion measure of the signal, and the system's frequency range, spectral and temporal resolution, and number of trial dedispersions. We show that the system achieves better than 80% of the optimal S/N where the temporal resolution and the intra-channel smearing time are smaller than a quarter of the average width of the pulse across the system's frequency band (after including scatter smearing). Coarse temporal resolutions suffer a Delta_t^(-1/2) decay in S/N, and coarse spectral resolutions cause a Delta_nu^(-1/2) decay in S/N, where Delta_t and Delta_nu are the temporal and spectral resolutions of the system, respectively. We show how the system's S/N compares with that of matched filter and boxcar filter detectors. We further present a new algorithm for selecting trial dispersion measures for a survey that maintains a given minimum S/N performance across a range of dispersion measures.
The role of extended defects on the formation of ultra-shallow junctions in ion implanted /sup 11/B/sup +/, /sup 49/BF/sub 2/, /sup 75/As/sup +/ and /sup 31/P/sup +/ (2002)

Ion implants of /sup 11/B/sup +/ (0.25 keV to 2.0 keV), /sup 49/BF/sub 2//sup +/ (1.1 keV to 8.9 keV), 75As/sup +/ (2.0 keV to 5.0 keV); and /sup 31/P/sup +/ (1.0 keV to 5.0 keV) at a dose of 1e15/cm/sup 2/ were investigated by TEM to determine defect type and concentrations after a 750/spl deg/C, 15 min furnace baseline anneal and then after rapid thermal annealing (RTA) using "slow" and "fast" spike anneals (<0.1 s) at 1050/spl deg/C. Trapped interstitial densities were calculated from the measured defect concentration, type and size and are compared to the observed changes in junction depth. The effect of the changing trapped interstitial densities on transient enhanced diffusion (TED) for various B and BF/sub 2/ implants are discussed. In the case of BF/sub 2/, the combined effect associated with the trapped interstitial density and the residual fluorine level is also discussed. To minimize all other diffusion effects such as oxidation enhanced diffusion (OED), oxygen related diffusion effects and thermal diffusion effects, the B and BF/sub 2/ comparison was conducted on wafers which were "spike" annealed in an ambient of 33 ppm O/sub 2/ in N/sub 2/. For all species a defect free energy threshold is identified where, after the 750/spl deg/C, 15 min (and confirmed at 600/spl deg/C to 800/spl deg/C) furnace base-line anneal, no extended-defects or loops formed (i.e. <1e7/cm/sup 2/). Implants below this threshold allow complete freedom in the choice of RTA conditions to minimize desired sheet resistance and junction depth values without the concern of post-RTA trapped interstitials which could enhance the dopant diffusion during subsequent post-implant processing steps, and for concerns of enhanced leakage current resulting from end-of-range (EOR) damage. Examples of how "spike" anneals in low ppm O/sub 2/ in N/sub 2/ ambients on implants below this energy threshold can be employed to optimize sheet resistance (R/sub 5/) and junction depth (X/sub j/) are presented for: /sup 49/BF/sub 2/ at 2.2 keV (R/sub 5/ of 406 Ohms/sq., electrical X/sub j/ of 386 /spl Aring/); /sup 49/BF/sub 2/ at 1.1 keV (R/sub 5/ of 669 Ohms/sq., electrical X/sub j/ of 234 /spl Aring/); and 0.25 keV /sup 11/B (R/sub 5/ of 434 Ohms/sq., electrical X/sub j/ of 419 /spl Aring/).
Good effect of IgY against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections in cystic fibrosis patients (2008)

This is an extended open study of oral prophylactic treatment with egg yolk antibodies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Anti-Pseudomonas IgY, of 17 Swedish patients with cystic fibrosis. They have been on prophylactic IgY treatment for up to 12 years and altogether for 114 patient years. A group of 23 Danish CF patients served as control. There has been a total absence of adverse events. Only 29 cultures have been positive for P. aeruginosa (cultures after chronic colonization not included), that is, 2.3/100 treatment months compared to 7.0/100 months in the control group (P = 0.028). In the IgY treated group only one pair of siblings (2/17) has been chronically colonized with P. aeruginosa compared to seven patients (7/23) in the control group. Atypical mycobacteria, S. maltophilia, A. xylosoxidans, and A. fumigatus have appeared only sporadically. There have been no cultures positive for B. cepacia. There was no decrease in pulmonary functions (P = 0.730) within the IgY group. Body mass index values were normal or close to normal for all IgY treated patients. In conclusion, Anti-Pseudomonas IgY has great potential to prevent P. aeruginosa infections.
Skillrank: Towards a Hybrid Method to Assess Quality and Confidence of Professional Skills in Social Networks (2015)

The present paper introduces a hybrid technique to measure the expertise of users by analyzing their profiles and activities in social networks. Currently, both job seekers and talent hunters are looking for new and innovative techniques to filter jobs and candidates where candidates are trying to improve and make their profiles more attractive. In this sense, the Skillrank approach is based on the conjunction of existing and well-known information and expertise retrieval techniques that perfectly fit the existing web and social media environment to deliver an intelligent component to integrate the user context in the analysis of skills confidence. A major outcome of this approach is that it actually takes advantage of existing data and information available on the web to perform both a ranked list of experts in a field and a confidence value for every professional skill. Thus, expertise and experts can be detected, verified, and ranked using a suited trust metric. An experiment to validate the Skillrank technique based on precision and recall metrics is also presented using two different datasets: (1) ad hoc created using real data from a professional social network and (2) real data extracted from the LinkedIn API.
Coordinated Active Power-Dependent Voltage Regulation in Distribution Grids With PV Systems (2014)

High penetrations of photovoltaic (PV) systems in distribution grids have brought about new challenges such as reverse power flow and voltage rise. One of the proposed remedies for voltage rise is reactive power contribution by PV systems. Recent German Grid Codes (GGC) introduce an active power dependent (APD) standard characteristic curve, Q(P), for inverter-coupled distributed generators. This study utilizes the voltage sensitivity matrix and quasi-static analysis in order to locally and systematically develop a coordinated Q(P) characteristic for each PV system along a feeder. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the technical performance of different aspects of proposed Q(P) characteristics. In fact, the proposed method is a systematic approach to set parameters in the GGC Q(P) characteristic. In the proposed APD method the reactive power is determined based on the local feed-in active power of each PV system. However, the local voltage is also indirectly taken into account. Therefore, this method regulates the voltage in order to keep it under the upper steady-state voltage limit. Moreover, several variants of the proposed method are considered and implemented in a simple grid and a complex utility grid. The results demonstrate the voltage-regulation advantages of the proposed method in contrast to the GGC standard characteristic.
Liquid-Solid Phase Diagrams of Binary Carbonates for Lithium Batteries (2000)

We present the liquid‐solid phase diagrams that we mapped with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) for the following seven binary carbonates: dimethyl carbonate (DMC)‐ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC)‐EC, EMC‐propylene carbonate (PC), EMC‐dimethyl ethylene carbonate (DMEC), EMC‐isobutylene carbonate (iBC), PC‐EC, and EMC‐DMC. Many of these are among the most frequently used solvent systems for making the nonaqueous electrolytes for lithium batteries. The phase diagrams of these carbonate systems are all of the simple eutectic type but with vastly different particular features. Comparison of these phase diagrams shows that to expand the liquid region of a carbonate system toward low temperature, the two components of the system need to have comparable melting temperatutes and compatible molecular structures. These results are consistent with thermodynamic considerations and have significant practical implications. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Fourier Analysis and Synthesis Tomography: dynamic measurement of 2D and 3D structure (2009)

We present a full-field imaging technique that measures an object’s fluorescent or coherent spatial spectrum using projected dynamic interference patterns and a fast single-pixel detector, and reconstructs its 2D or 3D structure using tomographic algorithms.
Thin-oxide damage from gate charging during plasma processing (1992)

The plasma-induced charge damage to small gate gate MOS capacitors is investigated by using 'antenna' structures. After an O/sub 2/ plasma step the interface state density increases with increasing antenna area and varies by two orders of magnitude. A hole trapping-induced breakdown mechanism during plasma charging is supported by experimental evidence which includes annealing and polarity effects for charge to breakdown and tunneling currents. In addition, oxide susceptibility is shown to depend on oxide growth conditions and is predictable by negative bias-temperature aging.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Link-state based decode-forward schemes for two-way relaying (2014)

In this paper, we analyze a composite decode-and-forward scheme for the two-way relay channel with a direct link. During transmission, our scheme combines both block Markov coding and an independent coding scheme similar to network coding at the relay. The main contribution of this work is to examine how link state impacts the allocation of power between these two distinct techniques, which in turn governs the necessity of each technique in achieving the largest transmission rate region. We analytically determine the link-state regimes and associated relaying techniques. Our results illustrate an interesting trend: when the user-to-relay link is marginally stronger than the direct link, it is optimal to use only independent coding. In this case, the relay need not use full power. However, for larger user-to-relay link gains, the relay must supplement independent coding with block Markov coding to achieve the largest rate region. These link-state regimes are important for the application of two-way relaying in 5G networks, such as in D2D mode or relay-aided transmission.
Selenium and Risk of Bladder Cancer: A Population-Based Case-Control Study (2009)

Emerging evidence indicates a potential role of selenium in the prevention of several types of cancer, including bladder cancer. We investigated the association between toenail selenium concentrations and bladder cancer risk in a population-based case-control study in New Hampshire. We analyzed data from 857 incidence cases diagnosed between July 1, 1994 and June 30, 2001 and 1,191 general population controls. Newly diagnosed cases of bladder cancer were identified from the New Hampshire State Cancer Registry, which operates a rapid reporting system. Controls were selected from population lists (driver's license and Medicare enrollment). We used logistic regression analyses to generate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), controlling for age, sex, and pack-years of smoking and conducted separate analyses according to the intensity of p53 immunohistochemical staining of the tumor. Overall, toenail selenium concentrations were not significantly related to bladder cancer [OR Q4 versus Q1, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.68-1.19); P(trend) = 0.15]. However, within specific subgroups there were inverse associations, i.e., among moderate smokers [OR, 0.61 (95% CI, 0.39-0.96); P(trend) = 0.004], women [OR, 0.66 (95% CI, 0.40-1.10); P(trend) = 0.11], and those with p53-positive cancers [OR Q4 versus Q1, 0.57 (95% CI, 0.34-0.94); P(trend) = 0.01]. Our results indicate that selenium is not inversely related to risk of bladder cancer overall; however, they raise the possibility that selenium may be preventive in certain molecular phenotypes of tumors (e.g., p53 positive) or within certain subsets of a population (e.g., women or moderate smokers).
Calculation and Prediction of Binding Free Energies for the Matrix Metalloproteinases (2000)

The zinc-dependent matrix metalloproteinases are drug targets of interest for diseases ranging from arthritis to cancer. Unfortunately, the use of computational rational drug design has been limited by the challenges introduced by the zinc center. We present an extension of the MM/PB/SA methodology which allows us to calculate the relative binding energies of six known nanomolar carboxylate ligands of MMP-1. We are able to rank the neutral and charged ligands correctly. We further illustrate the utility of our approach by modifying the best-binding ligand of our set and predicting a better binding ligand.
New abstractions for data parallel programming (2009)

Developing applications is becoming increasingly difficult due to recent growth in machine complexity along many dimensions, especially that of parallelism. We are studying data types that can be used to represent data parallel operations. Developing parallel programs with these data types have numerous advantages and such a strategy should facilitate parallel programming and enable portability across machine classes and machine generations without significant performance degradation. In this paper, we discuss our vision of data parallel programming with powerful abstractions. We first discuss earlier work on data parallel programming and list some of its limitations. Then, we introduce several dimensions along which is possible to develop more powerful data parallel programming abstractions. Finally, we present two simple examples of data parallel programs that make use of operators developed as part of our studies. 1
Model-free linkage analysis using likelihoods. (1995)

Misspecification of transmission model parameters can produce artifactually negative lod scores at small recombination fractions and in multipoint analysis. To avoid this problem, we have tried to devise a test that aims to detect a genetic effect at a particular locus, rather than attempting to estimate the map position of a locus with specified effect. Maximizing likelihoods over transmission model parameters, as well as linkage parameters, can produce seriously biased parameter estimates and so yield tests that lack power for the detection of linkage. However, constraining the transmission model parameters to produce the correct population prevalence largely avoids this problem. For computational convenience, we recommend that the likelihoods under linkage and non-linkage are independently maximized over a limited set of transmission models, ranging from Mendelian dominant to null effect and from null effect to Mendelian recessive. In order to test for a genetic effect at a given map position, the likelihood under linkage is maximized over admixture, the proportion of families linked. Application to simulated data for a wide range of transmission models in both affected sib pairs and pedigrees demonstrates that the new method is well behaved under the null hypothesis and provides a powerful test for linkage when it is present. This test requires no specification of transmission model parameters, apart from an approximate estimate of the population prevalence. It can be applied equally to sib pairs and pedigrees, and, since it does not diminish the lod score at test positions very close to a marker, it is suitable for application to multipoint data.
[Effect of dl-3-n-butylphthalide on delayed neuronal damage after focal cerebral ischemia and intrasynaptosomes calcium in rats]. (1996)

Effect of dl-3-n-butylphthalide on the size of infarction and behavior changes were investigated after delayed neuronal damage in rats subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by the method of Tamura et al, and the scores of behavior were evaluated by the method of Bederson et al. The results show that the size of infarct area was significantly reduced 2 h after MCAO following administration of NBP at the dose of 80, 160 and 240 mg.kg-1, the percentage of reduction of infarct area was 49.0%, 69.5% and 85.1% respectively. Neurological deficit was also improved. The size of infarction and the score of neurological deficit were also reduced significantly following pretreatment with NBP at the dose of 80 mg.kg-1 per day for 7 days by the end of the final dosage 24 h before MCAO or at the single dose of 160 mg.kg-1 1 h before MCAO. The results suggest that NBP has therapeutic and preventive effect on stroke and imply that NBP has the action of attenuating neuronal damage after delayed cerebral injury. In addition, the level of calcium ([Ca2+]i) in rat intrasynaptosomes was determined using fura-2 (a fluorescence indicator) technique. It was found that NBP can not lower the rise of [Ca2+]i induced by 30 mmol.L-1 KCl. However, the effect of NBP on [Ca2+]i overload induced by excitatory amino acid remains to be studied.
Contribution of individual targets to the antitumor efficacy of the multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor SU11248 (2006)

Recent achievements in the development of multitargeted molecular inhibitors necessitate a better understanding of the contribution of activity against individual targets to their efficacy. SU11248, a small-molecule inhibitor targeting class III/V receptor tyrosine kinases, including the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, KIT and FLT3, exhibits direct effects on cancer cells as well as antiangiogenic activity. Here, we investigated the contributions of inhibiting individual SU11248 target receptors to its overall antitumor efficacy in tumor models representing diverse signaling paradigms. Consistent with previous results, SU11248 was highly efficacious (frequently cytoreductive) in all models tested. To elucidate the specific contributions of inhibition of PDGF and VEGF receptors to the in vivo efficacy of SU11248, we employed two selective inhibitors, SU10944 (VEGF receptor inhibitor) and Gleevec (PDGF receptor inhibitor). SU10944 alone induced a tumor growth delay in all models evaluated, consistent with a primarily antiangiogenic mode of action. In contrast, Gleevec resulted in modest growth inhibition in tumor models in which the cancer cells expressed its targets (PDGFRbeta and KIT), but was not efficacious against tumors not driven by these target receptor tyrosine kinases. Strikingly, in all but one tumor model evaluated, the antitumor efficacy of SU10944 combined with Gleevec was similar to that of single-agent SU11248, and was greatly superior to that of each compound alone, indicating that the antitumor potency of SU11248 in these models stems from combined inhibition of both PDGF and VEGF receptors. The one exception was a model driven by an activated mutant of FLT3, in which the activity of SU11248, which targets FLT3, was greater than that of SU10944 plus Gleevec. Moreover, SU10944 combined with Gleevec inhibited tumor neoangiogenesis to an extent comparable to that of SU11248. Thus, the potent efficacy of SU11248 in models representing diverse signaling paradigms results from simultaneous inhibition of individual target receptors expressed both in cancer cells and in the tumor neovasculature, supporting the hypothesis that multitargeted inhibitors have the cumulative antitumor efficacy of combined single-target inhibitors.
The nonpsychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is a wake-inducing agent. (2008)

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a constituent of Cannabis sativa that induces nonpsychotropic effects, and some of its biological actions in sleep have been described by the authors' group. Here, the authors report that when administered 10 or 20 microg/1 microl during the lights-on period directly into either lateral hypothalamus (LH) or dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN), which are wake-inducing brain areas, CBD enhanced wakefulness and decreased slow wave sleep and REM sleep. Furthermore, CBD increased alpha and theta power spectra but diminished delta power spectra. Additionally, CBD increased c-Fos expression in LH or DRN. These findings suggest that this cannabinoid is a wake-inducing compound that presumably activates neurons in LH and DRN.
Monthly itraconazole versus classic homeopathy for the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a randomised trial (2009)

Monthly cycle-dependent itraconazole is more effective than CH in the treatment of RVVC. Lactobacilli do not confer an added benefit.