gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Examining the Effect of the Dipole Moment on Charge Separation in Donor–Acceptor Polymers for Organic Photovoltaic Applications (2011)

A new low band gap copolymer PBB3 containing [6,6']bi[thieno[3,4-b]thiophenyl]-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid bis-(2-butyloctyl) ester (BTT) and 4,8-bis(2-butyloctyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) units was synthesized and tested for solar cell efficiency. PBB3 showed a broad absorbance in the near-IR region with a substantially red-shifted (by more than 100 nm) λ(max) at 790 nm as compared to the PTB series of polymers, which have been previously reported. The PBB3 polymer also showed both a favorable energy level match with PCBM (with a LUMO energy level of -3.29 eV) and a favorable film domain morphology as evidenced by TEM images. Despite these seemingly optimal parameters, a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic device fabricated from a blend of PBB3 and PC(71)BM showed an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of only 2.04% under AM 1.5G/100 mW cm(-2). The transient absorption spectra of PBB3 showed the absence of cationic and pseudo charge transfer states that were observed previously in the PTB series polymers, which were also composed of alternating thienothiophene (TT) and BDT units. We compared the spectral features and electronic density distribution of PBB3 with those of PTB2, PTB7, and PTBF2. While PTB2 and PTB7 have substantial charge transfer characteristics and also relatively large local internal dipoles through BDT to TT moieties, PTBF2 and PBB3 have minimized internal dipole moments due to the presence of two adjacent TT units (or two opposing fluorine atoms in PTBF2) with opposite orientations or internal dipoles. PBB3 showed a long-lived excitonic state and the slowest electron transfer dynamics of the series of polymers, as well as the fastest recombination rate of the charge-separated (CS) species, indicating that electrons and holes are more tightly bound in these species. Consequently, substantially lower degrees of charge separation were observed in both PBB3 and PTBF2. These results show that not only the energetics but also the internal dipole moment along the polymer chain may be critical in maintaining the pseudocharge transfer characteristics of these systems, which were shown to be partially responsible for the high PCE device made from the PTB series of low band gap copolymers.
Design of Mirror Structures for Two Dimensional Intergrated Optical Crosspoint Switches (1996)

Provides an abstract of the presentation and a brief professional biography of the presenter. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.
<i>CHEK2</i>, breast cancer, and the understanding of clinical utility (2010)

Robson M. CHEK2 , breast cancer, and the understanding of clinical utility.
Pleurodese: técnica e indicações (2006)

Recurrent pleural effusion, which is commonly seen in clinical practice, compromises patient quality of life, especially in patients with advanced malignant disease. The therapeutic approach to the pleural space involves a wide range of techniques, including aggressive procedures such as pleurectomy. Among such techniques, pleurodesis is the most frequently used. Pleurodesis can be induced through the insertion of pleural catheters, as well as through major surgical procedures (such as thoracotomy). There are various recommended sclerosing agents, including talc (which is the most widely used), silver nitrate and, recently, proliferative cytokines. This article summarizes the principal approaches to the treatment of recurrent pleural effusion, pleurodesis in particular, addressing the indications for, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of, their application in daily pulmonology practice.
Flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyesters—a review of the recent literature (2004)

Abstract An overview is presented of the literature on the flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyesters, especially poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). The main focus is on publications of the last fifteen years; however, some earlier work of major importance is discussed as well. Because PET and PBT almost totally convert to volatile fragments upon exposure to heat, providing fuel to the flame, it is a challenging task to flame‐retard these polymers. Although many of the commercially available systems for flame retardancy of PET and PBT consist of a halogen‐containing additive and a synergist, more recent publications and patents emphasize halogen‐free, particularly phosphorus‐based systems. Several phosphorus‐based additive or reactive systems are well‐established for use in PET textiles, and phosphorus‐based additives have recently been introduced for PBT. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Natural variation in stress response induced by low CO2 in Arabidopsis thaliana (2020)

Variation in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) concentration can dictate plant growth and development and shape plant evolution. For paired populations of 31 <i>Arabidopsis</i> accessions, respectively, grown under 100 or 380 ppm CO<sub>2</sub>, we compared phenotypic traits related to vegetative growth and flowering time. Four accessions showed the least variation in measured growth traits between 100 ppm CO<sub>2</sub> and 380 ppm CO<sub>2</sub> conditions, though all accessions exhibited a dwarf stature with reduced biomass under low CO<sub>2</sub>. Our comparison of accessions also incorporated the altitude (indicated in meters) above sea level at which they were originally collected. Notably, An-1 (50 m), Est (50 m), Ws-0 (150 m), and Ler-0 (600 m) showed the least differences (lower decrease or increase) between treatments in flowering time, rosette leaf number, specific leaf weight, stomatal density, and less negative δ<sup>13</sup>C values. When variations for all traits and seedset were considered together, Ws-0 exhibited the least change between treatments. Our results showed that physiological and phenotypic responses to low CO<sub>2</sub> varied among these accessions and did not correlate linearly with altitude, thus suggesting that slower growth or smaller stature under ambient CO<sub>2</sub> may potentially belie a fitness advantage for sustainable growth under low CO<sub>2</sub> availability.
Immunoassay Using a Metal-complex Compound as a Chemiluminescent Catalyst. V. Continuous Immunoassay by the Use of CLCCIA (1985)

Abstract Immunoassay, using as a labeling reagent a synthesized metal-complex compound having catalytic activity for a chemiluminescence reaction, was continuously carried out by the sandwich method. The time necessary for all the processes (including: an immune reaction, B/F separation, a sandwich reaction, and a chemiluminescence reaction) was reduced to 50 min. Human serum albumin in the range of 5 ng to 1 μg could be determined (continuously) up to 5 times by the use of the same column (immobilized with an antibody).
Refolding of N<sup>pro</sup> fusion proteins (2009)

The autoprotease Npro significantly enhances expression of fused peptides and proteins and drives the formation of inclusion bodies during protein expression. Upon refolding, the autoprotease becomes active and cleaves itself specifically at its own C-terminus releasing the target protein with its authentic N-terminus. Npro wild-type and its mutant EDDIE, respectively, were fused N-terminally to the model proteins green fluorescent protein, staphylococcus Protein A domain D, inhibitory peptide of senescence-evasion-factor, and the short 16 amino acid peptide pep6His. In comparison with the Npro wild-type, the tailored mutant EDDIE displayed an increased rate constant for refolding and cleavage from 1.3 x 10(-4) s(-1) to 3.5 x 10(-4) s(-1), and allowed a 15-fold higher protein concentration of 1.1 mg/mL when studying pep6His as a fusion partner. For green fluorescent protein, the rate constant was increased from 2.4 x 10(-5) s(-1) to 1.1 x 10(-4) s(-1) when fused to EDDIE. When fused to small target peptides, refolding and cleavage yields were independent of initial protein concentration, even at high concentrations of 3.9 mg/mL, although cleavage rates were strongly influenced by the fusion partner. This behavior differed from conventional 1st order refolding kinetics, where yield strongly depends on initial protein concentration due to an aggregation reaction of higher order. Refolding and cleavage of EDDIE fusion proteins follow a monomolecular reaction for the autoproteolytic cleavage over a wide concentration range. At high protein concentrations, deviations from the model assumptions were observed and thus smaller rate constants were required to approximate the data.
PET Imaging of Integrin Positive Tumors Using <sup>18</sup>F Labeled Knottin Peptides (2011)

(18)F-FP-2.5D and (18)F-FP-2.5F showed reduced gallbladder uptake compared with previously published (18)F-FB-2.5D. (18)F-FP-2.5D and (18)F-FP-2.5F enabled integrin-specific PET imaging of U87MG tumors with good imaging contrasts. (18)F-FP-2.5D demonstrated more desirable pharmacokinetics compared to (18)F-FP-2.5F, and thus has greater potential for clinical translation.
Characteristics of Sn–Cu Solder Bump Formed by Electroplating for Flip Chip (2006)

Sn–Cu near eutectic solder bump was fabricated by electroplating for flip-chip, and its electroplating and bump characteristics were studied. A Si-wafer was used as a substrate and the under bump metallization (UBM) comprised 400 nm of Al, 300 nm of Cu, 400 nm of Ni, and 20 nm of Au sequentially from bottom to the top of the metallization. The electrolyte for plating Sn–Cu solder consisted of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$hbox Sn^+2$</tex> (concentration of 30 g/L) and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$hbox Cu^+2$</tex> (0.3 g/L) solutions with methasulfonic acid and deionized water. The experimental results showed that the plating ratio of the Sn–Cu increased from 0.25 to 2.7 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$mu/hbox min$</tex> with increasing current density from 1 to 8 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$hbox A/dm^2$</tex> . In this range of current density, the plated Sn–Cu maintained its composition nearly constant level as Sn-(0.9 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$sim$</tex> 1.4)wt% Cu. The solder bump of typical mushroom shape with 120- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$muhbox m$</tex> stem diameter and 75- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$muhbox m$</tex> height was formed by plating at 5 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$hbox A/dm^2$</tex> for 2 h. The mushroom bump changed its shape to the hemispherical type of 140- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$muhbox m$</tex> diameter by air reflow on a hot plate at 260 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$^circhbox C$</tex> . The homogeneity of element distribution in the solder bump was examined, and Sn content in the mushroom bump appears to be uneven changed to more uniform after the air reflow. The highest shear bond strength of the Sn–Cu hemispherical bump showed 113 gf by reflowing at 260 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$^circhbox C$</tex> for 10 s.
Elevated Levels of Mannose-Binding Lectin at Clinical Manifestation of Type 1 Diabetes in Juveniles (2005)

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a recognition molecule of the lectin pathway of complement and a key component of innate immunity. MBL polymorphisms have been described that are associated with MBL serum concentration, impaired function, and diabetic complications. We investigated 86 new-onset juvenile type 1 diabetic patients and compared these with their nondiabetic siblings and healthy unrelated control subjects. Polymorphisms of MBL exon 1 and promoter were determined, and serum concentration and MBL-complex activity were measured. Although the genetic polymorphisms of MBL were not different between patients and control subjects, MBL serum concentration as well as MBL complex activity was significantly higher in new-onset diabetic patients compared with their siblings matched for high-producing MBL genotypes (P = 0.0018 and P = 0.0005, respectively). The increase in MBL complex activity in high-MBL-producing patients could only partially be explained by high MBL production, as demonstrated by an increased MBL complex activity-to-MBL concentration ratio (P = 0.004). We conclude that MBL serum concentration and complex activity are increased in early-onset diabetic patients upon manifestation independently of genetic predisposition to high MBL production, indicating a possible role in the immunopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, in addition to the adaptive islet autoimmunity.
Endoscopic Sphincterotomy Using an S-shaped Sphincterotome in Patients with a Billroth II or Roux-en-Y Gastrojejunostomy (1997)

In spite of previous gastrojejunostomy, most patients with Billroth II anastomoses (92%) and many patients with Roux-en-Y reconstructions (33%) can be treated endoscopically for biliary diseases. The use of a conventional side-viewing endoscope in conjunction with an S-shaped sphincterotome can be recommended. This allows safe and successful endoscopic treatment of all patients in whom endoscopic access to the papilla of Vater is possible.
Polymeric Routes to Silicon Carbide and Silicon Oxycarbide CMC (2008)

An overview of two approaches to the formation of ceramic composite matrices from polymeric precursors is presented. Copolymerization of alkyl- amd alkenylsilanes (RSiH3) can be used to produce β-SiC on pyrolysis, with copolymer composition controlling polymer structure, char yield, and ceramic stoichiometry and morphology. Polysilsesquioxanes serve as precursors to Si-C-O ceramics. Copolymers of phenyl and methyl silsesquioxanes display rheological properties favorable for composite fabrication which can be tailored by control of pH, water/methoxy ratio, and copolymer composition. Composites obtained from these which utilize a carbon-coated, eight harness satin weave Nicalon© cloth reinforcement exhibit nonlinear stress-strain behavior in tension.
Sorting and searching (2007)

Article Share on Sorting and searching Author: Naga Govindaraju Microsoft Corporation Microsoft CorporationView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 coursesAugust 2007 Pages 4–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/1281500.1281645Published:05 August 2007Publication History 0citation22DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads22Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Fungal Infection of the Ear (1984)

Fungal infections of the auditory canal and middle ear are usually left unnoticed and regarded as a harmless saprophytic growth. However, these infections may become clinically significant in immunocompromised patients or patients undergoing long-term antibiotic treatment. This is demonstrated by characteristic case reports and confirmed by light and electron microscopic findings. Moreover, studies on animals with experimentally induced fungal infections have furnished evidence for the risk of the infection’s spreading to the inner ear and causing serious damage to the organ of Corti; indirect damage to these structures by mycotoxins cannot be ruled out. To avoid complications of such severity of an allegedly harmless otomycosis we consider a quick and clinically easy to perform local treatment of high-risk patients as absolutely necessary. Such a treatment using bifonazole solution or cream was carried out on a number of patients and proved to be effective and free from side effects.
Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and excretion of intravenous [<sup>l4</sup>C]‐palonosetron in healthy human volunteers (2004)

Palonosetron (Aloxi(R), Onicit(R)) is a potent, single stereoisomeric 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist developed to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The pharmacokinetics and metabolic disposition of a single intravenous [(14)C]-palonosetron (10 microg/kg, 0.8 microCi/kg) bolus dose were evaluated in six healthy volunteers (three males, three females) using serial blood, plasma, urine and fecal samples obtained over 10 days. The safety, tolerability and cardiac effects were assessed. Radiolabeled metabolic characterization revealed that unchanged palonosetron accounted for 71.9% of the total radioactivity in plasma over 96 h, with an extensive distribution volume (8.34 l/kg) and mean plasma elimination half-life of 37 h. Approximately 83% of the dose was recovered in urine ( approximately 40% as unchanged drug, with 50% metabolized; M9 and M4 were the major metabolites) and 3.4% in feces. Hydrolysis of urine samples suggests that the metabolites are not beta-glucuronide or sulfate conjugates of the parent drug or metabolites. The blood to plasma concentration ratio of the total radioactivity was 1.2, on average, indicating little selective partitioning in erythrocytes. Palonosetron was generally well tolerated; headache was the most frequently reported adverse event. Electrocardiograms and 72 h Holter monitoring revealed no clinically significant changes. Palonosetron circulates in plasma mainly as the parent drug. Renal elimination is the primary excretion route, with parent drug and metabolites M9 and M4 accounting for the majority of palonosetron disposition. These results indicate that both renal and hepatic routes are involved in the elimination of palonosetron from the body.
Robust Focus Measure for Low-Contrast Images (2006)

The problem of auto-focusing has been studied for long, but most techniques found in literature do not always work well for low-contrast images. In this paper, a robust focus measure based on the energy of the image is proposed. It performs equally well on ordinary and low-contrast images. In addition, it is computationally efficient.
Multilayered Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotubes To Deliver Dasatinib (2013)

Multilayered, multifunctional polymer coatings were grafted onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a one-pot, ring-opening polymerization in order to control the release kinetic and therapeutic efficacy of dasatinib. Biocompatible, biodegradable multilayered coatings composed of poly(glycolide) (PGA) and poly(lactide) (PLA) were polymerized directly onto hydroxyl-functionalized CNT surfaces. Sequential addition of monomers into the reaction vessel enabled multilayered coatings of PLA-PGA or PGA-PLA. Poly(ethylene glycol) capped the polymer chain ends, resulting in a multifunctional amphiphilic coating. Multilayer polymer coatings on CNTs enabled control of the anticancer drug dasatinib's release kinetics and enhanced the in vitro therapeutic efficacy against U-87 glioblastoma compared to monolayer polymer coatings.
Apalachicola: The Beginning (1968)

Edmund M. Blunt, editor of The American Pilot, stated in 1822, that there were only three points of destination on the gulf coast of the United States: New Orleans, Mobile, and Pensacola. Another port, however, Apalachicola, was slowly beginning to grow, and within twenty years it would supersede Pensacola as a cotton port.
Isolation of a protein kinase induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 (1981)

We have isolated a new cyclic AMP-independent protein kinase activity induced in HeLa cells by infection with herpes simplex virus type 1. Induction of the enzyme does not occur in cells treated with cycloheximide at the time of infection, or in cells infected with UV-inactivated herpes simplex virus type 1. The amount of enzyme induced in infected cells is dependent upon the multiplicity of infection. An enzyme with identical properties to the appearing in infected HeLa cells is also induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 in BHK cells.
Generation Linewidth of an Auto-Oscillator with a Nonlinear Frequency Shift: Spin-Torque Nano-Oscillator (2008)

It is shown that the generation linewidth of an auto-oscillator with a nonlinear frequency shift (i.e., an auto-oscillator in which frequency depends on the oscillation amplitude) is substantially larger than the linewidth of a conventional quasilinear auto-oscillator due to the renormalization of the phase noise caused by the nonlinearity of the oscillation frequency. The developed theory, when applied to a spin-torque auto-oscillator, gives a good description of experimentally measured angular and temperature dependences of the linewidth.
Specificity, magnitude, and kinetics of MOG‐specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2004)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has traditionally been thought to be almost exclusively mediated by CD4(+) effector T cells. Here, we provide evidence for the existence of mouse CD8(+) T cells that are specific for an epitope of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). Using a panel of truncated MOG peptides, we have identified the minimal epitope recognized by these T cells as MOG 37-46. This peptide, while possessing relatively low affinity for H-2D(b), efficiently stimulates IFN-gamma production from MOG-specific CD8(+) T cell lines in vitro and induces EAE in vivo. To further characterize the magnitude and kinetics of expansion of the MOG-specific CD8(+) T cell population in vivo, we used MOG 37-50/H-2D(b) MHC tetramers to visualize MOG-specific CD8(+) effectors in the peripheral lymphoid organs and central nervous system during the course of EAE induction and progression. Our results identify MOG-specific CD8(+) T cells in the central nervous system prior to and after the onset of disease, suggesting that CD8(+) T cells are a possible target for therapeutic intervention during EAE.
Stains of Sapwood and Sapwood Products and Their Control (1940)

Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Synthesis of new oligopeptides and their scavenging abilities against active oxygen species. (1994)

The reactivities of new synthetic oligopeptides containing cysteine or histidine towards active oxygen species such as superoxide (O2-) and hydroxyl radical (.OH) were investigated by an electron spin resonance (ESR)-spin trapping method. At physiological pH values, these oligopeptides greatly suppressed the generation of .OH from the reaction of Cu(en)2 (en: ethylenediamine) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), although these oligopeptides did not scavenge O2-. The antioxidant mechanism of these oligopeptides is discussed.