gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Torulopsis glabrata Vaginitis: Retrospective Review of Boric Acid Therapy (1997)

The charts of all patients who were seen at a vaginitis clinic between January 1989 and December 1994 were retrospectively reviewed; 80 patients whose vaginal cultures yielded Torulopsis glabrata were identified. Sixty of these patients experienced 75 symptomatic episodes of vaginitis attributed to T. glabrata, and these patients are the subject of this review. Of the 60 symptomatic patients, 40 had uncomplicated T. glabrata infection, and 20 had mixed infection, most commonly in association with bacterial vaginosis. Evaluation of treatment of T. glabrata vaginitis with vaginal boric acid (600 mg/d for 14 days) revealed clinical improvement or cure in 21 (81%) of 26 episodes and mycological eradication in 20 (77%) of 26 episodes. One-third of the patients received maintenance therapy with boric acid. The clinical response and mycological eradication rates associated with therapy with topical and systemic azoles were <50%. The rate of therapeutic response to boric acid administered to patients with mixed T. glabrata infection remained high. In conclusion, in this series of patients with T. glabrata vaginitis, for whom repeated courses of antimycotic therapy with azoles had previously failed, boric acid emerged as a promising modality of therapy.
Defect formation during growth of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (1993)

The defects believed to limit the performance of devices fabricated using hydrogenated amorphous silicon are identified as singly occupied dangling bonds. The formation of these defects can be explained on the basis of two distinct models which attribute their occurrence to bulk thermodynamic equilibrium and surface diffusion of precursors during film growth, respectively. We present experimental results on the deposition-rate dependence of electronic and structural properties that are shown to be inconsistent with bulk thermal equilibration. The results, which were anticipated from the surface-diffusion model, are shown to be consistent with the underlying defect-formation mechanism. Simple isotopic substitution of hydrogen is shown to systematically alter the defect-formation rate, providing clear evidence of a surface-controlled defect-formation process during growth of hydrogenated amorphous silicon.
Levitation-Free Vibrated Droplets: Resonant Oscillations of Liquid Marbles (2008)

A spherical conducting droplet in an alternating electric field is known to undergo shape oscillations. When the droplet is supported by a substrate, the shape is no longer a complete sphere, but shape resonances are still observed. To obtain a completely spherical droplet, some kind of levitation is needed, unless the droplet is in microgravity, and this has previously been provided by gas films or magnetic or other external forces. In this work, we report observations of shape oscillations of a hydrophobic-powder-coated droplet of water. A droplet of water rolled on a hydrophobic powder self-coats such that the water becomes encapsulated as a liquid marble. When the powder is a spherical hydrophobic grain with a contact angle greater than 90 degrees , it adheres to the solid-water interface with more than half of its diameter projecting from the liquid, thus ensuring the encapsulated water does not come into contact with any substrate. These liquid marbles are highly mobile and can be regarded as completely nonwetting droplets possessing contact angles of 180 degrees . In this work, we show that they also provide a new mechanism equivalent to levitating droplets and provide droplets with small contact areas and completely mobile contact lines for studies of shape oscillations. Liquid marbles were created using hydrophobic lycopodium and droplets of water containing potassium chloride and were excited into motion using an electrowetting-on-dielectric configuration with applied frequency swept from 1 to 250 Hz. Both an up-and-down motion and an oscillation involving multiple nodes were observed and recorded using a high-speed camera. The resonant oscillation modes of small liquid marbles were fitted to the theory for vibrations of a free spherical volume of fluid. This work demonstrates the principle that oscillation modes of completely nonwetting droplets can be studied using a simple powder coating approach without the need for an active mechanism for levitation.
Nutritional value of essential amino acids in the treatment of adults with phenylketonuria (1995)

Conclusion The present short‐term N‐balance study in adult PKU patients receiving a mixture of LNAA establishes a limited retention of nitrogen. Whether lysine could be the limiting amino acid remains to be determined by new short‐term N‐balance studies, with lysine added to the LNAA mixture. Therefore, special caution should be taken in the long‐term use in PKU patients of LNAA without any added lysine.
Megakaryocytes require thrombospondin-2 for normal platelet formation and function (2003)

Mice that lack the matricellular angiogenesis inhibitor, thrombospondin-2 (TSP2), display a bleeding diathesis, despite normal blood coagulation and the lack of thrombocytopenia. Although platelets do not contain detectable levels of TSP2, TSP2-null platelets are compromised in their ability to aggregate in vivo in response to denudation of the carotid artery endothelium, and in vitro following exposure to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Megakaryocytes (MKs) show high levels of TSP2 by immunohistochemical analysis of bone marrow. However, when cultured in vitro, MKs contain little TSP2 protein or mRNA. These findings suggest that most TSP2 is acquired from the bone marrow microenvironment. Consistent with this hypothesis, MKs take up recombinant TSP2 in an integrin-dependent manner when it is supplied in the culture medium. Furthermore, uptake of TSP2 in vitro affects MK differentiation and proplatelet formation. The functional significance of this process is supported by the presence of ultrastructural abnormalities in TSP2-null bone marrow, including extensive fragmentation of the peripheral zone in MKs and failure of this zone to form close associations with vascular sinuses. We conclude that the uptake of TSP2 by MKs from the marrow milieu is required for proper MK function and the release of functionally competent platelets.
Global leadership teams: diagnosing three essential qualities (2012)

Purpose Companies that operate globally have to be adept at managing certain tensions: between global and local, between differentiated and integrated and between many cultures and one organizational culture. So the authors aim to interview top managers to study how global leadership teams are coping with these challenges. Design/methodology/approach Over the past year, Accenture researchers interviewed more than 40 CEOs and top leaders at multinational companies to shed light on how they handle the “creative tensions” of competing on a global scale. Findings Three attributes were repeatedly cited as enhancing the performance of top teams and their companies: a clear charter and operating principles; the need to be agile about the way they think and whom they draw into the decision‐making processes; and the ability to “change ahead of the curve,” Practical implications The article describes how successful firms address each of the three challenges the leaders identified. Originality/value The article includes a diagnostic that leaders can use to see how they compare with highly successful global firms.
Towards mobility-aware predictive radio access (2014)

Novel radio access techniques that leverage mobility predictions are receiving increasing interest in recent literature. The essence of these schemes is to lookahead at the future rates users will experience, and then devise long-term resource allocation strategies. For instance, a YouTube video user moving towards the cell edge can be prioritized to pre-buffer additional video content before poor coverage commences. While the potential of mobility-aware resource allocation has recently been demonstrated, several practical design aspects and evaluation approaches have not yet been addressed due to the complexity of the problem. Furthermore, since prior works have focused on specific applications there is also a strong need for a unified framework that can support different user and network requirements. For this purpose, we present a novel two-stage Predictive Radio Access Network (P-RAN) framework that can efficiently leverage both future data rate predictions in the order of tens of seconds, and instantaneous fast fading at the millisecond level. We also show how the framework can be implemented within the open source Network Simulator 3 (ns-3) LTE module, and apply it to optimize stored video delivery. A thorough set of performance tests are then conducted to assess the performance gains and investigate sensitivity to various prediction errors. Our results indicate that P-RANs can jointly improve both service quality and transmission efficiency. Additionally, we also observe that P-RAN performance can be further improved by modeling prediction uncertainty and developing robust allocation techniques.
Dual Role of Autophagy in Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence (2020)

During their development and overall life, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) encounter a plethora of internal and external stress signals and therefore, they need to put in action homeostatic changes in order to face these stresses. To this aim, similar to other mammalian cells, MSCs are endowed with two crucial biological responses, autophagy and senescence. Sharing of a number of stimuli like shrinkage of telomeres, oncogenic and oxidative stress, and DNA damage, suggest an intriguingly close relationship between autophagy and senescence. Autophagy is at first reported to suppress MSC senescence by clearing injured cytoplasmic organelles and impaired macromolecules, yet recent investigations also showed that autophagy can promote MSC senescence by inducing the production of senescence-associated secretory proteins (SASP). These apparently contrary contributions of autophagy may mirror an intricate image of autophagic regulation on MSC senescence. We here tackle the pro-senescence and anti-senescence roles of autophagy in MSCs while concentrating on some possible mechanistic explanations of such an intricate liaison. Clarifying the autophagy/senescence relationship in MSCs will help the development of more effective and safer therapeutic strategies.
Eco-Driving: Pilot Evaluation of Driving Behavior Changes Among U.S. Drivers (2010)

Among several strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles, âeco-drivingâ is one that had not received much attention in the United States (U.S.) until recently. The core of eco-driving programs is to provide drivers with a variety of advice and feedback to minimize fuel consumption while driving. The advice and feedback can be provided through various means including website or brochure, class or training, and in-vehicle driving aids. This study evaluated how an on-board eco-driving device that provides instantaneous fuel economy feedback affects driving behaviors, and consequently fuel economy, of gasoline-engine vehicle drivers in the U.S. under real-world driving conditions. The results from 20 samples of drivers in Southern California show that on average the fuel economy on city streets improves by 6% while the fuel economy on highways improves by 1%. According to responses to the questionnaire at the end of the study period, this group of drivers is willing to adopt eco-driving practices in the near future (mean score of 7.4 out of 10). In fact, 40% of them have already practiced ecodriving, and that penetration rate could go up to 95% if the gasoline price increases to $4.4 per gallon.
The extracellular matrix protects <i> <scp>P</scp> seudomonas aeruginosa </i> biofilms by limiting the penetration of tobramycin (2013)

Biofilm cells are less susceptible to antimicrobials than their planktonic counterparts. While this phenomenon is multifactorial, the ability of the matrix to reduce antibiotic penetration into the biofilm is thought to be of limited importance studies suggest that antibiotics move fairly rapidly through biofilms. In this study, we monitored the transport of two clinically relevant antibiotics, tobramycin and ciprofloxacin, into non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. To our surprise, we found that the positively charged antibiotic tobramycin is sequestered to the biofilm periphery, while the neutral antibiotic ciprofloxacin readily penetrated. We provide evidence that tobramycin in the biofilm periphery both stimulated a localized stress response and killed bacteria in these regions but not in the underlying biofilm. Although it is unclear which matrix component binds tobramycin, its penetration was increased by the addition of cations in a dose-dependent manner, which led to increased biofilm death. These data suggest that ionic interactions of tobramycin with the biofilm matrix limit its penetration. We propose that tobramycin sequestration at the biofilm periphery is an important mechanism in protecting metabolically active cells that lie just below the zone of sequestration.
Managing network security policies in tactical MANETs using DRAMA (2010)

Military networks are required to adapt their access control policies to the Information Operations Condition (INFOCON) levels to minimize the impact of potential malicious activities. Such adaptations must be automated to the extent possible, consistent with mission requirements, and applied network-wide. In this paper, we present a Policy-Based Network Security (PBNS) management approach for tactical MANETs. This approach leverages the DRAMA policy based network management system and the Smart Firewall system to meet the above requirement. It allows administrators to specify low-level network access control policies for each INFOCON level using high-level policies (adapted from the Smart Firewalls approach). The high-level policies are securely distributed to all the policy decision points in the network, which evaluate and enforce policies in a distributed manner. As a consequence of enforcing policies in response to INFOCON level changes, appropriate access control policies will be derived and applied to local firewall devices without human intervention. Thus, operator burden can be significantly reduced and inadvertent errors can be avoided.
Observation of soliton explosions in a passively mode-locked fiber laser (2015)

Soliton explosions are among the most exotic dissipative phenomena studied in mode-locked lasers. In this regime, a dissipative soliton circulating in the laser cavity experiences an abrupt structural collapse, but within a few roundtrips returns to its original quasi-stable state. In this Letter, we report on the first observation, to the best of our knowledge, of such events in a fiber laser. Specifically, we identify clear explosion signatures in measurements of shot-to-shot spectra of a Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser that is operating in a transition regime between stable and noise-like emission. The comparatively long, all-normal-dispersion cavity used in our experiments also permits direct time-domain measurements, and we show that the explosions manifest themselves as abrupt temporal shifts in the output pulse train. Our experimental results are in good agreement with realistic numerical simulations based on an iterative cavity map.
Detecting multiple moving objects in crowded environments with coherent motion regions (2008)

We propose an object detection system that uses the locations of tracked low-level feature points as input, and produces a set of independent coherent motion regions as output. As an object moves, tracked feature points on it span a coherent 3D region in the space-time volume defined by the video. In the case of multi-object motion, many possible coherent motion regions can be constructed around the set of all feature point tracks. Our approach is to identify all possible coherent motion regions, and extract the subset that maximizes an overall likelihood function while assigning each point track to at most one motion region. We solve the problem of finding the best set of coherent motion regions with a simple greedy algorithm, and show that our approach produces semantically correct detections and counts of similar objects moving through crowded scenes.
Synthesis and application of novel catalytically active polymers containing 1,4,7-triazacyclononanes (2001)

New polymers containing 1,4,7-triazacyclononanes have been synthesised by means of ring opening metathesis polymerisation (ROMP); their complexes with Mn(II) catalyse the oxidation of simple olefins by hydrogen peroxide.
Investigation of Liquid Wax Components of Egyptian Jojoba Seeds (2009)

Egyptian jojoba seeds newly cultivated in Ismailia desert in Egypt promoted us to determine its lipid components. Fatty alcohols, fatty acids, wax esters and sterols patterns were determined by capillary GLC whereas, tocopherols profile, isopropenoid alcohols and sterylglycosides were determined by HPLC. The Egyptian seeds are rich in wax esters (55 %) with fatty alcohols C20:1 and C22:1 as major components and amounted to 43.0 % and 45.6 % respectively followed by C24:1 and C18:1(9.6 % and 1.3 % respectively). The fatty acids profile showed that C20:1 is the major constituent (60 %) followed by C18:1 and C22:1 (14.5 and 11.8 % respectively) whereas C24:1 was present at low concentration amounted to 1.6 %. In addition, the Egyptian jojoba wax contained C18:2 fatty acid at a level of 8.7 %. Wax esters composition showed that the local wax had C42 and C40 esters as major components amounted to 51.1 and 30.1 % respectively. Also, it had C44 and C38 at reasonable amounts (10.0 and 6.3 % respectively). Whereas C36 and C46 were present at lower concentrations amounted to 1.4 and 1.1 respectively. The sterols analysis showed the presence of campe-, stigma-, beta-sito-, and isofuco- sterol amounting to 18.4 %, 6.9 %, 68.7 %, and 6.0 % respectively. The tocopherols pattern revealed that the local seed wax contained gamma-tocopherol as major constituent (79.2 %) followed by alpha-tocopherol (20.3 %). beta-tocopherol as well as delta-tocopherol were found as minor constituents. The isopropenoid alcohols and the sterylglycosides (free and acylated) were not detected. The wax is proposed to be used in oleo chemistry and cosmetics.
New class of (2 <i>p</i> )B(2 <i>p</i> +1)B DC balancedline codes (1998)

A block code of the form (2p)B(2p+1)B cannot provide both DC balance and redundant codewords for control signals. A new set of additional rules is described that may be applied to groups of consecutive codewords in order to provide both DC balance and a large control space, and to show how 256 10 bit control symbols may be achieved with a DC balanced 4B5B code.
Lippmann–Bragg broadband holographic mirrors (1991)

Lippmann–Bragg broadband volume holographic mirrors, with chirp normal to the surface, represent an entirely new class of grating. These gratings are presented and analyzed theoretically by using a combination of the multiple-beam interference method and Kogelnik’s local solution for uniform gratings. Particularly noteworthy is the new grating’s combination of a very high Bragg diffraction efficiency (>99.5%) with a large tunable bandwidth (from 5 to >300 nm).
Detection of recombinant human Erythopoietin and analogues through immunorecognition and n-glycolyl-neuraminic acid identification (2011)

La eritropoyetina (EPO) es una hormona glicoproteica formada por una cadena peptidica de 165 aminoacidos que contiene dos puntos disulfuro, un O-glicano (Ser-126) i tres N-glicanos (Asn-24, 38, 83) que representan alrededor de un 40% de su masa molar (~ 30kDa). Se produce principalmente en el rinon, en respuesta a la reduccion de oxigeno en el tejido, y estimula la eritropoyesis a la medula osea. La EPO recombinante (rhEPO) se administra como farmaco por el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades. Tambien se ha observado su utilizacion en deportistas con el objetivo de aumentar los niveles de oxigeno en los tejidos y asi incrementar su rendimiento. Los metodos que se utilizan para diferenciar la EPO urinaria endogena de la exogena se basan en diferencias de sus perfiles isoelectroforeticos (IEF) o en sus pesos moleculares (SDS-PAGE). El problema de estos metodos es que son largos, costosos y solo pueden utilizar la orina como matriz biologica. En este estudio, se ha realizado el desarrollo de los siguientes metodos que facilitan la deteccion de EPOs recombinantes y analogos en el control antidopaje: Un metodo de immunopurificacion de EPO en plasma; un metodo de cribado rapido basado en tecnicas de immunoafinidad para detectar el abuso de eritropoyetinas recombinantes en orina; y un metodo de cromatografia liquida acoplada a espectrometria de masa que permite detectar una clara diferencia estructural entre la mayoria de las EPOs exogenas y la endogena, el Neu5Gc.
<scp>PD</scp>‐L1 overexpression in ampulla of Vater carcinoma and its pre‐invasive lesions (2017)

The present results suggest a role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in ampullary adenocarcinomas, and therefore this may also prompt consideration of checkpoint immunotherapy as a novel promising treatment for these tumours.
Ni(II)−(σ-Aryl) Complex:  A Facile, Efficient Catalyst for Nickel-Catalyzed Carbon−Nitrogen Coupling Reactions (2007)

trans-Haloarylbis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II), a type of air- and moisture-stable Ni(II)-(sigma-aryl) complex, was examined as catalyst precursor in the C-N coupling reaction. This type of Ni(II) pre-catalyst, associated with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands, is found to easily produce the catalytically active Ni(0) species in situ without the aid of external reductants and allows for the efficient amination of aryl chlorides with secondary cyclic amines and anilines under mild conditions.
Scattering of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>K</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>Particles (1956)

An experiment has been performed to investigate the relative probability of scattering of ${K}_{\ensuremath{\pi}2}$ and $\ensuremath{\tau}$ mesons. If, as is thought on the basis of the analysis of Dalitz and others, these particles differ in spin-parity properties, they may be expected to have different scattering cross sections, and the relative proportions of $\ensuremath{\tau}$ and ${K}_{\ensuremath{\pi}2}$ mesons in a beam of scattered $K$ particles would differ from their relative proportions in a beam of directly-produced particles. In the present experiment, a measurement was made of the composition of a ${K}^{+}$-particle beam in which it is estimated that more than \ensuremath{\sim}75% of the particles had undergone scattering. Comparison with other results on the composition of beams consisting predominantly of directly-produced particles indicates that the relative numbers of $\ensuremath{\tau}$ and ${K}_{\ensuremath{\pi}2}$ mesons are unchanged, within \ensuremath{\sim}30%. The results are therefore consistent with the assumption that the $\ensuremath{\tau}$ and ${K}_{\ensuremath{\pi}2}$ are the same particle.