gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SYNTHESIS OF DL-THIOCTIC ACID (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSYNTHESIS OF DL-THIOCTIC ACIDM. W. Bullock, John A. Brockman Jr., E. L. Patterson, J. V. Pierce, and E. L. R. StokstadCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 7, 1868–1869Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01127a527https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01127a527research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Making decision‐making research matter: some issues and remedies (2011)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an appraisal of decision‐making research noting key contributions, issues posed by past work and suggestions for future work that address the issues. Design/methodology/approach The appraisal stems from a meta analysis of decision‐making research efforts. Summative analyses of decision‐making research, found in key papers and books published in the past two decades, were examined integrating the conclusions to offer an assessment of the field. Findings The key findings were “what” and “how” questions that need be addressed. The what questions identify some of the dilemmas that must be confronted before decision making can progress. The how questions consider some of the difficulties inherent in doing the recommended research. Suggestions to overcome these difficulties are offered. Originality/value The paper's key contribution stems from pinpointing the failures of past efforts and steps identified to overcome these failings, which should be of interest to researchers.
Structure of a pancreatic α‐amylase bound to a substrate analogue at 2.03 Å resolution (1997)

The structure of pig pancreatic alpha-amylase in complex with carbohydrate inhibitor and proteinaceous inhibitors is known but the successive events occurring at the catalytic center still remain to be elucidated. The X-ray structure analysis of a crystal of pig pancreatic alpha-amylase (PPA, EC 3.2.1.1.) soaked with an enzyme-resistant substrate analogue, methyl 4,4'-dithio-alpha-maltotrioside, showed electron density corresponding to the binding of substrate analogue molecules at the active site and at the "second binding site." The electron density observed at the active site was interpreted in terms of overlapping networks of oligosaccharides, which show binding of substrate analogue molecules at subsites prior to and subsequent to the cleavage site. A weaker patch of density observed at subsite -1 (using a nomenclature where the site of hydrolysis is taken to be between subsites -1 and +1) was modeled with water molecules. Conformational changes take place upon substrate analogue binding and the "flexible loop" that constitutes the surface edge of the active site is observed in a specific conformation. This confirms that this loop plays an important role in the recognition and binding of the ligand. The crystal structure was refined at 2.03 A resolution, to an R-factor of 16.0 (Rfree, 18.5).
Effect of Application Pressure and Gestational Age on Transfontanel Pressure in Healthy Neonates (1986)

We developed and evaluated a transducer holder and calibrated, spring-loaded applicator for the Ladd intracranial pressure monitor. The transducer holder/applicator combination allows reproducibility of application pressure and assures coplanarity of the transducer and the skin of the anterior fontanel. Measured transfontanel pressure (TFP) increased with increasing application pressure. Mean TFP was 9.1 +/- (SD) 2.6 cm H2O with an application pressure of about 10 g/cm2 in a group of healthy preterm and term infants at 6 h postnatal age. Birth weight, gestational age and mode of delivery did not affect TFP, allowing use of a single normative value and set of confidence limits in all infants at 6 h of postnatal age.
Scan-chain based watch-points for efficient run-time debugging and verification of FPGA designs (2003)

This paper describes a structured and area efficient approach for in-situ debugging of application for FPGA based reconfigurable systems. A scan chain is inserted into the hardware design running on the FPGA, which helps in debugging and verification by providing watch-point capability. The scan chain technique proposed is easy to use and has very low overhead. The scan-chain based implementation capitalizes on the capability of newer FPGAs to connect several LUTs serially and configure them as shift registers. The hardware debugging procedure proposed using the shift register LUTs does not require any recompilation of the design to change the watch-point conditions and thus, is very fast. In this paper the area overhead resulting from addition of a scan-chain based watch-point logic is discussed and is compared with other proposed debugging techniques. We observed that this technique has an average area overhead of 46% for the ITC benchmark circuits with varying widths of watch-point signals.
Solar Development in the Mojave Desert (2010)

For more than two centuries, humans have been spewing “greenhouse gases” into the atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and the development of land, causing the planet’s surface temperature to increase at an accelerated rate. Climate change is one of the most pressing issues that the world is facing today, and in order to combat the effects of climate change, it is necessary to adopt the use of more renewable technology, namely solar energy. The United States' best region for solar development is the Mojave Desert, and many large-scale projects are being built or proposed to be built in the area. However, the deployment of solar technology in the Mojave Desert comes with significant ecological, socioeconomic, and political impacts. This paper is intended to provide an overview of the issues surrounding solar development in the Mojave Desert.
The petunia MADS box gene FBP11 determines ovule identity. (1995)

In contrast to the wealth of information relating to genes regulating floral meristem and floral organ identity, only limited data are available concerning genes that are involved in determining and regulating the identity and development of an ovule. We have recently isolated the floral binding protein 11 (FBP11) MADS box gene from petunia and found that it is expressed exclusively in ovule primordia and subsequently in the ovules, suggesting a role for this gene in ovule formation. To test this hypothesis, we constructed a recombinant gene in which the full-size FBP11 cDNA was placed under the control of a strong cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Transgenic petunia plants expressing this chimeric gene have ovulelike structures on the adaxial side of the sepals and the abaxial side of the petals. Detailed morphological studies showed that these ovulelike structures are true ovules. RNA gel blot analysis was performed to investigate ectopic FBP11 expression in relation to the expression of the closely related FBP7 gene and the putative petunia class C-type homeotic genes FBP6 and pMADS3. Our results indicate that FBP11 represents an ovule identity gene. A new model describing the mode of action of FBP11 as an additional class D MADS box gene is presented.
Soybean <i>SAT1</i> ( <i>Symbiotic Ammonium Transporter 1</i> ) encodes a bHLH transcription factor involved in nodule growth and NH <sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup> transport (2014)

Glycine max symbiotic ammonium transporter 1 was first documented as a putative ammonium (NH4(+)) channel localized to the symbiosome membrane of soybean root nodules. We show that Glycine max symbiotic ammonium transporter 1 is actually a membrane-localized basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding transcription factor now renamed Glycine max bHLH membrane 1 (GmbHLHm1). In yeast, GmbHLHm1 enters the nucleus and transcriptionally activates a unique plasma membrane NH4(+) channel Saccharomyces cerevisiae ammonium facilitator 1. Ammonium facilitator 1 homologs are present in soybean and other plant species, where they often share chromosomal microsynteny with bHLHm1 loci. GmbHLHm1 is important to the soybean rhizobium symbiosis because loss of activity results in a reduction of nodule fitness and growth. Transcriptional changes in nodules highlight downstream signaling pathways involving circadian clock regulation, nutrient transport, hormone signaling, and cell wall modification. Collectively, these results show that GmbHLHm1 influences nodule development and activity and is linked to a novel mechanism for NH4(+) transport common to both yeast and plants.
Stability of the Reduction of a Matrix to Almost Triangular and Triangular Forms by Elementary Similarity Transformations (1959)

article Free AccessStability of the Reduction of a Matrix to Almost Triangular and Triangular Forms by Elementary Similarity Transformations Author: J. H. Wilkinson National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, England National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, EnglandView Profile Authors Info & Claims Journal of the ACMVolume 6Issue 3pp 336–359https://doi.org/10.1145/320986.320988Published:01 July 1959Publication History 12citation447DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations12Total Downloads447Last 12 Months34Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
High porosity, responsive hydrogel copolymers from emulsion templating (2015)

Abstract Hydrogels, three‐dimensional hydrophilic polymer network structures, can absorb many times their dry weight in water. PolyHIPEs are highly porous polymers synthesized within high internal phase emulsions ( HIPEs ). Here, the water uptakes in novel hydrogel polyHIPE copolymers of hydroxyethyl methacrylate ( HEMA , a non‐ionic monomer) and methacrylic acid ( MAA , an ionic monomer) were investigated. The PHEMA ‐based polyHIPE had a density of 0.14 g cm −3 , void diameters of 50–100 µm and a void‐dominated Fickian water uptake of around 10.4 g g −1 . The polyHIPE density increased, and the porous structure became less polyHIPE ‐like, with increasing MAA content, reflecting a reduction in the stability of the HIPE . The water uptake increased with increasing pH for all the copolymers and the water absorption mechanism changed from Fickian at pH 2 to anomalous, dominantly case II , at pH 10. The maximum uptake of 18.2 g g −1 at pH 10, for a HEMA to MAA mass ratio of 1/1, was ascribed to hydrogel‐swelling‐driven void expansion. The hydrogel's absorptive and responsive properties were amplified by the polyHIPE 's porous structure. These results demonstrate that the compositions of hydrogel polyHIPE copolymers can be designed to enhance their water uptake. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Metabolic cross-talk allows labeling of O-linked β- <i>N</i> -acetylglucosamine-modified proteins via the <i>N</i> -acetylgalactosamine salvage pathway (2011)

Hundreds of mammalian nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins are reversibly glycosylated by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to regulate their function, localization, and stability. Despite its broad functional significance, the dynamic and posttranslational nature of O-GlcNAc signaling makes it challenging to study using traditional molecular and cell biological techniques alone. Here, we report that metabolic cross-talk between the N-acetylgalactosamine salvage and O-GlcNAcylation pathways can be exploited for the tagging and identification of O-GlcNAcylated proteins. We found that N-azidoacetylgalactosamine (GalNAz) is converted by endogenous mammalian biosynthetic enzymes to UDP-GalNAz and then epimerized to UDP-N-azidoacetylglucosamine (GlcNAz). O-GlcNAc transferase accepts UDP-GlcNAz as a nucleotide-sugar donor, appending an azidosugar onto its native substrates, which can then be detected by covalent labeling using azide-reactive chemical probes. In a proof-of-principle proteomics experiment, we used metabolic GalNAz labeling of human cells and a bioorthogonal chemical probe to affinity-purify and identify numerous O-GlcNAcylated proteins. Our work provides a blueprint for a wide variety of future chemical approaches to identify, visualize, and characterize dynamic O-GlcNAc signaling.
NOGOOD RECORDING FOR STATIC AND DYNAMIC CONSTRAINT SATISFACTION PROBLEMS (1994)

Many AI synthesis problems such as planning, scheduling or design may be encoded in a constraint satisfaction problems (CSP). A CSP is typically defined as the problem of finding any consistent labeling for a fixed set of variables satisfying all given constraints between these variables. However, for many real tasks, the set of constraints to consider may evolve because of the environment or because of user interactions. The notion of dynamic CSP (DCSP) [DD88] has been proposed to represent such evolutions. The problem we consider here is the solution maintenance problem in a DCSP. Naively applying usual satisfaction algorithms to this problem results in redundant search and inefficiency. A general approach to suppress redundancies in case of both restrictions and relaxations is to concisely represent the frontier of the solution space and justifications of this frontier in terms of set of constraints. This paper proposes a new class of constraint recording algorithms called nogood recording that may be used for solving both dynamic CSPs and usual CSP (called static CSPs here). It offers an interesting compromise, polynomially bounded in space, between an ATMS-like (Assumption-based Truth Maintenance System) approach, that would give a precise and exhaustive description of the frontier, and the usual constraint satisfaction algorithms (that discover a new frontier at each execution). We first introduce the principles used for nogood generation and then examine various recording schemes, on top of different tree search algorithms, characterizing the tradeoffs between the amount of recorded constraints and the pruning achieved. We then present experimental results and comparisons with various existing techniques for solving static or dynamic CSP.
LLCPS and SISO: A TLS-based framework with RFID for NFC P2P retail transaction processing (2013)

The introduction of smartphones enabled with Near Field Communication (NFC) technology facilitates transformation of processes that involve manual intervention such as payment transaction processing in an automated manner. Although payment for transaction using NFC technology is not new, the possibility to use smartphones for payment either through stored payment information in the smartphone or in the cloud allows for seamless integration of associated processes. We consider advances in identification and communication technologies such as RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) and smartphones as well as the ability to respond in real-time for automated checkout in a retail shopping environment with NFC-enabled smartphones. Using a recently proposed protocol (LLCPS) as an envelope for communication between the smartphone and the NFC reader, we develop a suite of authentication protocols (SISO) for secure payment processing in a retail store environment.
Epstein-Barr Virus Sequence Variation—Biology and Disease (2012)

Some key questions in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) biology center on whether naturally occurring sequence differences in the virus affect infection or EBV associated diseases. Understanding the pattern of EBV sequence variation is also important for possible development of EBV vaccines. At present EBV isolates worldwide can be grouped into Type 1 and Type 2, a classification based on the EBNA2 gene sequence. Type 1 EBV is the most prevalent worldwide but Type 2 is common in parts of Africa. Type 1 transforms human B cells into lymphoblastoid cell lines much more efficiently than Type 2 EBV. Molecular mechanisms that may account for this difference in cell transformation are now becoming clearer. Advances in sequencing technology will greatly increase the amount of whole EBV genome data for EBV isolated from different parts of the world. Study of regional variation of EBV strains independent of the Type 1/Type 2 classification and systematic investigation of the relationship between viral strains, infection and disease will become possible. The recent discovery that specific mutation of the EBV EBNA3B gene may be linked to development of diffuse large B cell lymphoma illustrates the importance that mutations in the virus genome may have in infection and human disease.
Effects of biological and chemical treatments on<i>Botrytis</i>stem canker and fruit yield of tomato under greenhouse conditions<sup>1</sup> (2001)

Experiments were conducted to identify, by in vitro dual culture tests, potential biological control agents producing antibiotics and to evaluate selected biological and chemical agents for control of stem canker caused by Botrytis cinerea on tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown in yellow cedar sawdust in a research greenhouse. Four strains of Bacillus subtilis and one each of Enterobacter agglomerans and Rhodosporidium diobovatum were antagonistic towards B. cinerea in dual culture. Lesions in treatments with RootShield® and a strain of R. diobovatum were significantly shorter compared with the inoculated control. Plants treated with RootShield® or R. diobovatum had significantly higher total fruit yield than the inoculated control. The treatments with RootShield®, SoilGard®, and R. diobovatum produced significantly more total fruits than the inoculated control. The number of dead plants were significantly lower in treatments with RootShield® and R. diobovatum compared with the other treatments and inoculated control. These results suggest that RootShield® and R. diobovatum have the potential to control Botrytis stem canker and increase the fruit yield of tomato under greenhouse conditions.Key words: biological control, Botrytis cinerea, Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter agglomerans, Rhodosporidium diobovatum, gray mold.
Relationship Between Osmotic Fragility and <i>in Vivo</i> Survival of Autologous Deglycerolized Resuspended Red Blood Cells (1965)

The relationship between the osmotic fragility as determined with a “fragiligraph,” and the 24 hour posttransfusion survival of autologous, deglycerolized chromium‐labeled erythrocytes was studied in 62 units of blood. Thirty‐two units of deglycerolized red cells were resuspended in autologous plasma, and thirty units were resuspended in a 5% albumin medium. Fourteen of the units resuspended in autologous plasma, and thirteen of those resuspended in the 5%‘ albumin medium were stored at 4C for varying periods (5–14 days), and then washed with isotonic saline to reduce the supernatant hemoglobin prior to transfusion. The in vivo survival of the erythrocytes could not be accurately predicted from the analysis of the osmotic fragility curve. However, approximately 65 per cent survival 24 hours after transfusion could be predicted if 6.25% and 12.5% hemolysis occurred at sodium chloride concentrations of 0.69% or less, and 0.52% or less respectively. These findings indicate that an osmotic fragility test may be helpful in the evaluation of the suitability for transfusion of deglycerolized, resuspended erythrocytes.
The influence of company microblog interaction tactics on consumer-brand relationship (2019)

Purpose Microblog has become an important tool of social marketing since 2010. Compared with traditional blog, microblog has several distinctive features, such as ease of use, viral transmission, high interactivity and real-time communication. Microblog provides a communication platform for companies and consumers; however, it challenges companies’ consumer-brand relationship management. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influencing mechanism of microblog interaction tactics on consumer-brand relationship. Design/methodology/approach Based on grounded theory, 66 representative companies’ posts on Weibo are collected, with 1,395 company posts and 5,959 following posts. An influence mechanism model of company microblog interaction tactics on consumer-brand relationship is proposed, then the saturation level of this mechanism is tested. Findings Results show that: first, companies adopt two types of tactics in microblog interaction: social interaction and task-oriented interaction; second, microblog interaction arises consumers’ emotional response and cognition toward specific brand and eventually influences consumer-brand relationship. Consumers’ emotional response includes pleasure and arousal, brand cognition includes perceived quality, perceived relatedness with companies and brand resonance; third, the influence mechanism differs among different consumer knowledge level, industry and brand awareness. Practical implications This study provides insight into the use of microblog interaction tactics. Companies may cross-use social interaction and task-oriented interaction tactics to enhance consumer-brand relationship. Companies need to produce microblog content based on the interests of consumers and further establish and improve fan feedback mechanism. Originality/value This paper constructs a model of the influence of company microblog interaction tactics on consumers. This study finds that co-creation activities initiated by companies are the new tactics to attract consumers on microblog. The finding adds new knowledge to the literature of company consumer interaction and provides a theoretical basis for the practice of microblog marketing.
InAs1-<i>x</i>P<i>x</i> as a Thermoelectric Material (1959)

Measurements of the electrical conductivity σ, the thermal conductivity K, and the Seebeck coefficient (thermoelectric power) α, of InAs1−xPx have been made at high temperatures with x varying from 0 to 0.4. Between 450° and 800°C, the average thermoelectric figure of merit (z = α2σ/K) increases moderately with x for small values of x, reaching a maximum near x = 0.1, and subsequently decreasing. Between 450 and 800°C, the average z for x = 0.1 is equal to 0.63 × 10−3(°K)−1, a 15% improvement over InAs. For the same figure of merit, the Seebeck coefficient and electric resistivity is higher in the ternary than in the binary InAs; this is advantageous for the design of thermoelectric devices. Previous values for the thermoelectric figure of merit of InAs are revised.