gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organization and expression of the Drosophila Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2 neuropeptide gene. (1990)

We have studied a Drosophila gene that encodes multiple neuropeptides related to Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2 (FMRFamide). Using a combination of genomic sequencing, Northern blot analysis, primer extensions, and nuclease protection assays, we have described its organization and expression. The results indicate that this Drosophila neuropeptide gene contains two exons separated by an intron of approximately 2.5 kilobase pairs, and that its expression is limited to a single predominant RNA species of approximately 1.7 kilobases. The FMRFamide gene contains a 5' untranslated region that is 106 nucleotides long and is encoded in its entirety by exon I. The open reading frame (encoding a 347-amino acid neuropeptide precursor) begins with the first nucleotide of exon II.
Pilipinos and Unionization of the Alaskan Canned Salmon Industry (1981)

(1981). Pilipinos and Unionization of the Alaskan Canned Salmon Industry. Amerasia Journal: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 1-30.
Analysis and digital implementation of jointly adapting echo canceller, transversal equalizer and decision feedback equalizer for the V.32 modem (1991)

A jointly adapting echo canceller and equalizer for a V.32 modem are described. The coupled structure is analyzed and a software solution is presented for implementing the structure on a digital signal processor for real-time data throughput. The importance of this software solution in creating the complete modem function in software for the V.32 modem is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Magnetic Force Driven Nanogenerators as a Noncontact Energy Harvester and Sensor (2012)

Nanogenerator has been a very important energy harvesting technology through directly deforming piezoelectric material. Here, we report a new magnetic force driven contactless nanogenerator (CLNG), which avoids the direct contact between nanogenerator and mechanical movement source. The CLNG can harvest the mechanical movement energy in a noncontact mode to generate electricity. Their output voltage and current can be as large as 3.2 V and 50 nA, respectively, which is large enough to power up a liquid crystal display. We also demonstrate a means by which a magnetic sensor can be built.
Functionality of electrically stimulated broiler breast meat1 (2005)

Postmortem electrical stimulation (ES) tenderizes meat by acceleration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, pH decline, and physical disruption of muscle fibers. It has been demonstrated that rigor development at elevated temperatures, as with slow chilling, can cause meat to develop pale color and poor water-holding capacity. The objective of this study was to compare the functionality of broiler breast meat from control and electrically stimulated carcasses with and without normal rapid chilling. Broilers were either electrically stimulated (450 mA, 450 V, 2 s on, 2 s off for 7 pulses) immediately after bleeding or used as nonstimulated controls. The ES birds were either chilled immediately (ES2) or had chilling delayed for 2 h at room temperature (ESD2). All ES breast fillets were harvested at 2 h postmortem. The control carcasses were chilled immediately and had fillets harvested at 2 h postmortem (C2) or at 8 h postmortem (C8). Electrical stimulation accelerated pH decline and prevented toughening when breast meat was deboned at 2 h postmortem, regardless of chilling rate. The water released from the gels during cooking was higher for the ESD2 than the ES2 group, which was not different from the C2 group, suggesting that ES followed by slow chilling reduced water-holding capacity compared with the ES2 and C2 groups. There were no differences in expressible moisture, gel strength, or lightness among the ES2, ESD2, and C2 treatments. These results indicated that high voltage ES followed by normal chilling did not impair protein functionality or cause pale, soft, exudative meat. However, there was some evidence that slow chilling after ES may negatively affect some water-holding properties of the meat.
Formulation and in vivo Evaluation of a Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Dutasteride (2013)

This study aimed to develop an effective formulation to improve the solubility and oral absorption of dutasteride by using a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). We used the d-optimal mixture design as a tool for developing an optimized SMEDDS formulation with excellent physicochemical characteristics such as mean particle size of <100 nm and percentage of drug dissolved at 15 min, >80%. An optimized dutasteride-loaded SMEDDS formulation consisted of 39.80% CapryolTM 90, 25.90% Cremophor® EL, and 34.30% Transcutol® HP and showed an emulsion droplet size of about 35.3 nm. Approximately 90% of dutasteride from the SMEDDS dissolved at 10 min in dissolution media of pH 1.2 and 6.8. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies in rats indicated that compared to the raw drug, the optimized SMEDDS formulation significantly improved the oral absorption of dutasteride. Therefore, preliminary results from our study suggest that the dutasteride-loaded self-microemulsifying formulation has a great potential for clinical application.
Molecular cloning and immunological characterization of the gamma polypeptide, a small protein associated with the Na,K-ATPase. (1993)

The gamma subunit of the Na,K-ATPase is a small membrane protein that copurifies with the alpha and beta subunits of the enzyme. Strong evidence that the gamma subunit is a component of the Na,K-ATPase comes from studies indicating that the subunit is involved in forming the site for cardiac glycoside binding. We have isolated and characterized the cDNAs coding the gamma subunit from several species. The gamma subunit is a highly conserved protein consisting of 58 amino acids with a molecular weight of 6500. Hydropathy analysis reveals the presence of a single hydrophobic domain that is sufficient to cross the membrane. There are no sites for N-linked glycosylation. Northern blot analysis revealed that the gamma subunit mRNA is expressed in a tissue-specific fashion and is present in all tissues characterized. gamma-specific antibodies have been used to verify that the sequenced protein is the same protein labeled by [3H]nitroazidobenzoyl-ouabain (NAB-ouabain), and that this protein, the gamma subunit of the Na,K-ATPase, has a distribution pattern along nephron segments that is identical with the alpha subunit. In addition, coimmunoprecipitation of the alpha, beta and gamma subunits demonstrate specific association of the subunits. These results are consistent with the notion that the gamma subunit is specifically associated with and may be an important component of the Na,K-ATPase.
Applications of the Scanning Reflection Acoustic Microscope to the Study of Materials Science (1985)

A range of reflection acoustic micrographs that demon- strate how different contrast mechanisms can lead to images useful in materials science are discussed. The most important class of mecha- mism affecting contrast involves disturbance of the leaky Rayleigh wave propagating along the surface of the specimen. Pictures of very fine cracks (considerably smaller than the acoustic wavelength) and regions of plastic deformation can be obtained using this mechanism. The abil- ity of the scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) to image plastic defor- mation is a particularly important application to materials science be- cause there are serious limitations to existing techniques. Useful images may also be obtained in situations where Rayleigh-wave excitation does not predominate; in such cases interference between hulk waves can be responsible for the contrast observed. The conditions necessary for the production of various types of image are discussed, in terms of the elastic properties of and the boundary conditions close to the feature of interest.
A method of de-interlacing with motion compensated interpolation (1999)

De-interlacing is a picture format conversion from an interlaced picture to a progressive picture. Multi-format digital broadcast and progressive display require de-interlacing technology. For this purpose, a motion adaptive method is used widely. In the motion adaptive method, the picture quality is not high enough in the motion area. Motion compensation may be effective for the improvement of picture quality. However, it sometimes causes visible distortion. We propose a new method to solve the problems of motion compensation. It consists of small blocks with large motion estimation, adaptive interpolation control by intra/inter differences and smooth motion switching. We measured the performance of the de-interlacing method objectively. It is found that the SNR of the proposed method becomes 4 to 7 dB better than the non-compensation method.
The Excretion of Glycosaminoglycans in the Urine of Calcium-Oxalate-Stone Patients and Healthy Persons (1986)

A method for the routine determination of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in urine has been optimized and is described here in detail. In 24-hour urine, males excrete significantly more GAGs than females. GAG excretion increases with advancing age. No significant difference exists between GAG excretion in healthy persons and in Ca-oxalate-stone patients. GAG excretion is diet-dependent and declines under conditions of balanced standardized diet. Evidence was obtained to show that GAG excretion follows a circadian rhythm with maximum during the day and minimum during the night. Both stone patients and healthy persons with hyperuricosuria show an increased GAG excretion.
Screening of phage-displayed random peptide library for binding peptide of NF-κB(p65) (2005)

Objective:To screen the p65 subunit of NF-κB binding peptides by phage-display technique.Methods:The p65 subunit of NF-κB was targeted for screening of a random bacteriophage 12-mers peptide library,and the positive clones were identified with ELISA.Results: After three rounds of screening,6 of 15 phage clones were identified as positive by sandwish ELISA.All of these 6 clones had same DNA sequences: CGTCAGCCTCGGCGAATAAGTATCCGAAGGAGTAAA,and their corresponding peptide sequences were FTPSDTYSPRLT.Such positive clone could bind well to p65 subunit of NF-κB,and competitive phage ELISA showed the inhibition with dose-dependent relationship.Conclusion:The clone from phage-display peptide library could bind to p65 subunit of NF-κB specifically,and its sequence is recognized.
Multiple-Stage Sewage Sludge Digestion (1939)

The results of a study of four years' operation of a multiple-stage sludge digestion system are presented in this paper. Satisfactory results have been obtained with a detention period of ten days. The division of the process into stages has afforded an opportunity to obtain data on the component phases of digestion. Part I includes a quantitative study of operating data. This is followed, in Part II, by a report of research on some chemical phases of sludge digestion. Gas, sludge, and sludge liquor analyses and a discussion of chemical equilibria are included. The presence of traces of unusual compounds in sludge and sludge gas has been verified by micro-analyses.
Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 Induce Macrophage MMP-9: Evidence for the Role of TNF-α and Cyclooxygenase-2 (2009)

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 (gelatinase B) participates in a variety of diverse physiologic and pathologic processes. We recently characterized a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-->PGE(2)-->EP4 receptor axis that regulates macrophage MMP-9 expression. In the present studies, we determined whether MMPs, commonly found in inflamed and neoplastic tissues, regulate this prostanoid-EP receptor axis leading to enhanced MMP-9 expression. Results demonstrate that exposure of murine peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 macrophages to MMP-1 (collagenase-1) or MMP-3 (stromelysin-1) lead to a marked increase in COX-2 expression, PGE(2) secretion, and subsequent induction of MMP-9 expression. Proteinase-induced MMP-9 expression was blocked in macrophages preincubated with the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib or transfected with COX-2 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Likewise, proteinase-induced MMP-9 was blocked in macrophages preincubated with the EP4 antagonist ONO-AE3-208 or transfected with EP4 siRNA. Exposure of macrophages to MMP-1 and MMP-3 triggered the rapid release of TNF-alpha, which was blocked by MMP inhibitors. Furthermore, both COX-2 and MMP-9 expression were inhibited in macrophages preincubated with anti-TNF-alpha IgG or transfected with TNF-alpha siRNA. Thus, proteinase-induced MMP-9 expression by macrophages is dependent on the release of TNF-alpha, induction of COX-2 expression, and PGE(2) engagement of EP4. The ability of MMP-1 and MMP-3 to regulate macrophage secretion of PGE(2) and expression of MMP-9 defines a nexus between MMPs and prostanoids that is likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. These data also suggest that this nexus is targetable utilizing anti-TNF-alpha therapies and/or selective EP4 antagonists.
Osvrt na III. ocjenjivanje mliječnih proizvoda (1952)

III. OCJENJIVANJE MLIJENIH PROIZVODA
Early etiology of Alzheimer’s disease: tipping the balance toward autophagy or endosomal dysfunction? (2015)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. This brain neuropathology is characterized by a progressive synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss, which lead to decline in memory and other cognitive functions. Histopathologically, AD manifests via synaptic abnormalities, neuronal degeneration as well as the deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles. While the exact pathogenic contribution of these two AD hallmarks and their abundant constituents [aggregation-prone amyloid β (Aβ) peptide species and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, respectively] remain debated, a growing body of evidence suggests that their development may be paralleled or even preceded by the alterations/dysfunctions in the endolysosomal and the autophagic system. In AD-affected neurons, abnormalities in these cellular pathways are readily observed already at early stages of disease development, and even though many studies agree that defective lysosomal degradation may relate to or even underlie some of these deficits, specific upstream molecular defects are still deliberated. In this review we summarize various pathogenic events that may lead to these cellular abnormalities, in light of our current understanding of molecular mechanisms that govern AD progression. In addition, we also highlight the increasing evidence supporting mutual functional dependence of the endolysosomal trafficking and autophagy, in particular focusing on those molecules and processes which may be of significance to AD.
Dyadobacter beijingensis sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of turf grasses in China (2007)

Strain A54(T) was isolated from rhizospheric soil of turf grasses irrigated with reclaimed water in Taoranting Park, Beijing, China. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and polygenetic analyses established the affiliation of the isolate to the genus Dyadobacter. Strain A54(T) possessed 97.7, 94.4 and 94.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with respect to the type strains of Dyadobacter fermentans, D. hamtensis and D. crusticola, respectively. Furthermore, DNA-DNA hybridization did not show significant relatedness (<25 % hybridization) between strain A54(T) and D. fermentans ATCC 700827(T). Therefore, these results indicate that strain A54(T) belongs to a novel species of the genus Dyadobacter, for which the name Dyadobacter beijingensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain A54(T) (=CGMCC 1.6375(T)=JCM 14200(T)).
Dynamic Viscoelastic Behavior of High‐Pressure‐Treated Wheat Gluten (1999)

ABSTRACT The effects on the viscoelastic behavior of hydrated wheat gluten after treatment at different pressures (200–800 MPa), temperatures (20, 40, and 60°C), and holding times (20 and 50 min) were investigated by controlled stress rheometry. Because of the wide range of properties, four different torque amplitudes were used (0.5, 1.00, 3.00, and 6.00 mNm). Significant effects on rheological properties were observed, except when samples were analyzed at 0.5 mNm (limited heat and pressure treatments). Both storage modulus ( G ′) and loss modulus ( G ″) were more affected by temperature than pressure. The holding time had substantial effect on the slopes of both moduli at mild treatments; for the more severe treatments, the intercepts of the storage moduli in particular were extensively affected.
Macrophage Polarization in Inflammatory Diseases (2014)

Diversity and plasticity are two hallmarks of macrophages. M1 macrophages (classically activated macrophages) are pro-inflammatory and have a central role in host defense against infection, while M2 macrophages (alternatively activated macrophages) are associated with responses to anti-inflammatory reactions and tissue remodeling, and they represent two terminals of the full spectrum of macrophage activation. Transformation of different phenotypes of macrophages regulates the initiation, development, and cessation of inflammatory diseases. Here we reviewed the characters and functions of macrophage polarization in infection, atherosclerosis, obesity, tumor, asthma, and sepsis, and proposed that targeting macrophage polarization and skewing their phenotype to adapt to the microenvironment might hold great promise for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Young and looking to invest? : investment insights (2010)

Following on from the previous article's exhortation to the young to get an investment plan in place, here are some insights on how to get started.
1-Molar Gadobutrol as a Contrast Agent for Computed Tomography: Results From a Comparative Porcine Study (2003)

Contrast-enhanced CT with 1 mol/L gadobutrol in a dose of 2 mmol/kg BW resulted in an excellent vascular and parenchymal enhancement in most vascular regions and parenchymal organs similar to an equivalent volume of 300 mg/mL iodinated contrast media.
A Management Infrastructure for Mobile/Embedded XML Web Services (2006)

The management of Extensible Markup Language (XML) Web services executing in mobile and/or embedded environments poses new challenges that result from the limited availability of computing resources and from the need for characteristic management activities, such as handling context sensitivity. This paper briefly describes management requirements for and design of our management infrastructure for monitoring of mobile/embedded Web services. Its architecture is based on extending a SOAP engine with management modules, an approach adopted by several existing tools for monitoring non-mobile/non-embedded Web services. Apart for modules for management of non-mobile/non-embedded Web services, our infrastructure contains additional support for handling context-sensitivity, disruptions in quality of service (QoS), and intermittent connectivity. We have been implementing the proof-of-concept prototype of this infrastructure as an extension of the Web Service Offerings Infrastructure (WSOI).
The coupling mechanism of mammalian respiratory complex I (2020)

Mitochondrial complex I couples NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreduction to proton pumping by an unknown mechanism. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of ovine complex I in five different conditions, including turnover, at resolutions up to 2.3 to 2.5 angstroms. Resolved water molecules allowed us to experimentally define the proton translocation pathways. Quinone binds at three positions along the quinone cavity, as does the inhibitor rotenone that also binds within subunit ND4. Dramatic conformational changes around the quinone cavity couple the redox reaction to proton translocation during open-to-closed state transitions of the enzyme. In the induced deactive state, the open conformation is arrested by the ND6 subunit. We propose a detailed molecular coupling mechanism of complex I, which is an unexpected combination of conformational changes and electrostatic interactions.
Purification and characterization of a methionine‐specific aminopeptidase from <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> (1989)

An aminopeptidase specific for methionine (peptidase M) has been purified from wild-type and mutant Salmonella typhimurium strains. Recombinant peptidase M was also purified from Escherichia coli. These preparations were characterized with respect to their physicochemical properties using analytical ultracentrifugation, SDS/PAGE, isoelectric focusing, titration curve analysis, amino acid analysis, N-and C-terminal sequencing and various spectroscopic methods. Peptidase M activity is stimulated by Co2+, in agreement with previous studies using crude extracts of Salmonella. The purified preparations did not contain significant amounts of any metal. Enzymically important metal is loosely associated and lost during enzyme purification. Peptidase M was shown to contain seven free sulphydryl residues none of which are involved in either intra-or inter-molecular disulphide bonds. Most appear solvent-accessible as evidenced by their reactivity under native conditions. Limited modification of the sulphydryl residues with either iodoacetamide or 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) led to inactivation. Several cysteines were shown to be labelled to various degrees by peptide mapping of inactivated S-[14C]carboxymethylated protein. Whether cysteine modification affects enzymic activity directly (blocking an active site) or indirectly (by causing conformational change) remains to be established.
Introduction (2005)

This book focuses on the unique characteristic of the Victorian periodical press – its development of encounters between and among readers, editors, and authors. By encounters in the press, we mean any set of articles or letters to the editor in which the writer, whether journalist or reader, responds to a published article in a periodical, often as a reply to special topics or issues of the day, or to other articles with which the respondent agrees or disagrees. These encounters may be in the form of debates or dialogues, and they function in several ways, notably as mediations of the topic under discussion in the press or as the content itself.
Laser-damage-resistant photoalignment layers for high-peak-power liquid crystal device applications (2008)

Large-aperture liquid crystal (LC) devices have been in continuous use since 1995 as polarization control devices in the 40-TW, 351-nm, 60-beam OMEGA Nd:glass laser system at the University of Rochester's Laboratory for Laser Energetics. The feasibility of using a noncontacting alignment method for high-peak-power LC laser optics by irradiation of a linearly photopolymerizable polymer with polarized UV light was recently investigated. These materials were found to have surprisingly large laser-damage thresholds at 1054 nm, approaching that of bare fused silica (30 to 60 J/cm<sup>2</sup>). Their remarkable laser-damage resistance and ease in scalability to large apertures of these photoalignment materials, along with the ability to produce multiple alignment states by photolithographic patterning, opens new doorways for their application in LC devices for optics, photonics, and high-peak-power laser applications.