gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2018)

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic disease that results in variable and occasionally life-threatening manifestations. persons with SLE may experience a wide range of physical, psychological and social problems that affect quality of life. Aim of the work: Assess quality of life in the patients suffering from systemic lupus erythromatosus. Patients and Methods:The study was conducted on forty patients, with systemic lupus erythematosus [32 females (80%) and 8 males (20%)] and forty healthy adults of matched age and sex, as control group [30 female (80%) and 10 males (20%)]. The patients selected from the rheumatology outpatient clinic of Sohag University hospital. An informed written consent had been taken from all patients. Results: The increase in the disease activity, as assessed bysystemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) was significantly associated with more impaired quality of life as assessed by SF-36 and systemic lupus erythematosus quality of life questionnaire (SLEQOL). Conclusion:SLE patients have more significantly impaired quality of life, as assessed by short form-36(SF-36), and systemic lupus erythematosus quality of life questionnaire (SLEQOL) than the controls.
Autologous platelet gel in plastic surgery (2001)

Autologous platelet gel is now being used in many surgical specialties. It is appropriate for use in plastic surgery procedures that entail a significant risk of hematoma, such as breast surgery, face lifts, nasal surgery, and skin grafting. Advantages include adhesive benefits, a reduction in risk of bleeding, and the added bonus of increased leukocyte concentration. (Aesthetic Surg J 2001;21:377-379.).
35.4: Programmable Pulse Width LTPS TFT Shift Register for High Resolution and High Frame Rate Active Matrix Flat Panel Displays (2013)

Abstract This paper proposes a programmable pulse width LTPS TFT shift register where an output pulse width is programmed only by adjusting a start pulse width without any additional clock signals and reconfiguration. Since an overlap interval of the output pulses is easily controlled in the shift register which operates with precharging scheme, the proposed shift register can be applied to high resolution and high frame rate display without the problem of insufficient line time. The performance of this circuit is verified by SMART SPICE at low‐temperature poly silicon (LTPS) thin film transistor (TFT) process. The pulse width is changed by the step size of two line time with only two input clock signals which leads to small area for circuit implementation and simulated power consumption is similar to that of the conventional shift register.
Enhanced Potency of Plasmid DNA Microparticle Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccines in Rhesus Macaques by Using a Priming-Boosting Regimen with Recombinant Proteins (2005)

DNA vaccines have been used widely in experimental primate models of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but their effectiveness has been limited. In this study, we evaluated three technologies for increasing the potency of DNA vaccines in rhesus macaques. These included DNA encoding Sindbis virus RNA replicons (pSINCP), cationic poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) microparticles for DNA delivery, and recombinant protein boosting. The DNA-based pSINCP replicon vaccines encoding HIV Gag and Env were approximately equal in potency to human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter-driven conventional DNA vaccines (pCMV). The PLG microparticle DNA delivery system was particularly effective at enhancing antibody responses induced by both pCMV and pSINCP vaccines and had less effect on T cells. Recombinant Gag and Env protein boosting elicited rapid and strong recall responses, in some cases to levels exceeding those seen after DNA or DNA/PLG priming. Of note, Env protein boosting induced serum-neutralizing antibodies and increased frequencies of gamma interferon-producing CD4 T cells severalfold. Thus, PLG microparticles are an effective means of delivering DNA vaccines in nonhuman primates, as demonstrated for two different types of DNA vaccines encoding two different antigens, and are compatible for use with DNA prime-protein boost regimens.
Fundamental university physics (1967)

This is new addition to the growing list of U. S. pubIlcation, on integrated Phy,ics Course for undergradunte students.However, there is a di~tinct departure from the conventIOnal nnpronch to PhYSICS text book writing.Dllring the past two decades or so, most authors of llndergradtlate PhysiCli text books have tended to emJ')hasiZC/on the basic pTlnclples, rather than on details (which, unfortunately. is not so much the practice!! with Indian pubilcation).The present volumes not only conform to this practice.but go further in trYing to l'rc~ent the variou!! physical' principlea frorn ,a unified point of view.According to thc authors, the traditional division of physics into ",ubjects like mechan~ iell, heat, sound etc. no longer l1as any justification.Instead they have followed "a logical and unified presentation, emphasizing the conservation laws, the t'oncepts of fields and the atomIC view of matter".
Feedforward-Regulated Cascode OTA for Gigahertz Applications (2008)

A very high-frequency operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) with a new feedforward-regulated cascode topology is demonstrated in this paper. Experimental results show a bandwidth of 10 GHz and a large transconductance of 11 mS. A theoretical analysis of the OTA is provided which is in very good agreement with the measured results. We also carry out a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the effect of transistor mismatches and process variations on the transconductance and input/output parasitic capacitances of the OTA. The linearity and intermodulation distortion properties of the OTA, which are of particular interest in microwave applications, are experimentally determined using a purpose-built single-stage amplifier. For high-frequency demonstration purposes we built a larger circuit: an inductor less microwave oscillator. The fabricated oscillator operates at 2.89 GHz and has a significantly larger output voltage swing and better power efficiency than other inductor less oscillators reported in the literature in this frequency range. It also has a very good phase noise for this type of oscillators: -116 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset.
Study on the expression of Claudin-1, Id-1, ld.3 and their clinical signiflicance in gastric carcinoma (2009)

Objective To investigate the relationship of the expression of Ciaudin-1, Id-1, Id-3 and gastric carcinoma cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion and metastasis and prognosis. Methods By using Envision immunohistochemistry detected the expression of Claudin-1, IdA, Id3-protein in gastric carcinoma. Re-sults Claudin-1 expression was correlated with the histological type of gastric carcinoma, the extent of tumor in-vasion and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), Id-1 protein expression in gastric carcinoma with lymph node neg-ative correlation(P <0. 05); the difference of Id-3 protein expression in different organization original gastric carcinoma was statistically significant (P < 0. 05) ; the expressed effect of Claudin-1 cells as close connection composition in gastric carcinoma tissue was direct correlated to the Id protein expression. Conclusion The up-regulation of Claudin-1 expression and their expression transformation in the process of gastric carcinoma inva-sion prompted they participated in the transformation of tumor biological behaviour; Id-1 in the forecast of lymph node metastasis in gastric carcinoma had utilized utilized value, Id-3 in different organization original gastric car-cinoma expressed difference, Clandin and Id protein in gastric carcinoma invasion metastasis and clinical treat-ment and prognosis criterion had certain utilized value.

Key words: 
Gastric carcinoma; Claudin-1 ; Id-1 ; Id-3; Immunohistochemistry
Regulatory mechanisms that modulate signalling by G-protein-coupled receptors (1997)

The large and functionally diverse group of G-protein-coupled receptors includes receptors for many different signalling molecules, including peptide and non-peptide hormones and neuro-transmitters, chemokines, prostanoids and proteinases. Their principal function is to transmit information about the extracellular environment to the interior of the cell by interacting with the heterotrimeric G-proteins, and they thereby participate in many aspects of regulation. Cellular responses to agonists of these receptors are usually rapidly attenuated. Mechanisms of signal attenuation include removal of agonists from the extracellular fluid, receptor desensitization, endocytosis and down-regulation. Agonists are removed by dilution, uptake by transporters and enzymic degradation. Receptor desensitization is mediated by receptor phosphorylation by G-protein receptor kinases and second-messenger kinases, interaction of phosphorylated receptors with arrestins and receptor uncoupling from G-proteins. Agonist-induced receptor endocytosis also contributes to desensitization by depleting the cell surface of high-affinity receptors, and recycling of internalized receptors contributes to resensitization of cellular responses. Receptor down-regulation is a form of desensitization that occurs during continuous, long-term exposure of cells to receptor agonists. Down-regulation, which may occur during the development of drug tolerance, is characterized by depletion of the cellular receptor content, and is probably mediated by alterations in the rates of receptor degradation and synthesis. These regulatory mechanisms are important, as they govern the ability of cells to respond to agonists. A greater understanding of the mechanisms that modulate signalling may lead to the development of new therapies and may help to explain the mechanism of drug tolerance.
Fluorination of Graphite at High Temperatures (2002)

Graphite powder (57-74 μm) was fluorinated at 380 °C for 1 h-2 weeks. The composition of the products ranged from CF 0.055 to CF 0.659 . X-Ray diffractometry showed the formation of graphite fluoride, (C 2 F) n with a trace of C x F phase with planar layers in addition to unreacted graphite which finally disappeared. Raman spectroscopy clearly revealed the existence of a fluorinated phase with planar layers with sp 2 structure.
The Higher Affinity of Human Type 1 3β‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (3β‐HSD1) for Substrate and Inhibitor Steroids Relative to Human 3β‐HSD2 is Validated in MCF‐7 Tumor Cells and Related to Subunit Interactions (2004)

Two distinct genes encode the tissue-specific expression of the two isoforms of human 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: 3beta-HSD1 (placenta, mammary gland, breast tumors) and 3beta-HSD2 (gonads, adrenals). Purified 3beta-HSD1 utilizes DHEA as a substrate with 13-fold lower Km than 3beta-HSD2. Using homogenates of human MCF-7 Tet-off breast tumor cells stably transfected with human 3beta-HSD1 or 3beta-HSD2, DHEA is utilized as substrate by 3beta-HSD1 (Km = 4.8 microM) much more avidly than by 3beta-HSD2 (Km = 43 microM). In addition, the 3beta-HSD inhibitor, epostane, binds to purified 3beta-HSD1 with a 17-fold higher affinity compared to 3beta-HSD2. In the MCF-7 cells, two 3beta-HSD inhibitors block 3beta-HSD1 activity (Ki = 0.06 microM, epostane; 0.08 microM, trilostane) with 12- to 14-fold higher affinities compared to the inhibition of 3beta-HSD2 (Ki = 0.85 microM, epostane; 1.01 microM, trilostane). Thus, the substantially higher affinities of human 3beta-HSD1 for substrate and inhibitor steroids measured using the pure isoenzymes have been validated using microsome-bound 3beta-HSD1 and 3beta-HSD2 in the MCF-7 cells. Similar to our previously reported H156Y mutant of 3beta-HSD1, the Q105M mutant of 3beta-HSD1 shifts the substrate and inhibitor kinetic profiles to those of wild-type 3beta-HSD2. However, the Q105M mutant of 3beta-HSD2 retains the substrate and inhibitor kinetic profiles of wild-type 3beta-HSD2. Our structural homology model of human 3beta-HSD predicts that Gln105 on one enzyme subunit hydrogen-binds to His156 on the other subunit of the enzyme homodimer. The higher affinity of 3beta-HSD1 for the steroids may be related to different subunit interactions in the quaternary structures of the two isoenzymes. It may be possible to exploit these kinetic differences to selectively inhibit the conversion of DHEA ultimately to estradiol by 3beta-HSD1 and slow the growth of breast tumor cells.
Sparse blind source separation for partially correlated sources (2014)

Blind source separation (BSS) is a very popular technique to analyze data which can be modeled as linear mixtures of elementary sources. Standard approaches generally make the assumption that such sources are statistically independent or at least uncorrelated. However, this is barely the case for real-world sources which are very often partially correlated. We present a new sparsity-enforcing BSS method coined Adaptive Morphological Component Analysis (AMCA) designed to retrieve sparse and partially correlated sources based on an adaptive weighting scheme. Numerical experiments have been carried out which show that the proposed method is robust to the partial correlation of the sources while standard BSS techniques fail. The performances of the proposed algorithm are further illustrated with simulations in the context of astrophysics.
Exploration of Compressive Sampling for Wire Diagnosis Systems Based on Reflectometry (2019)

La réflectométrie, une technique utilisée en diagnostic filaire, permet la détection et la localisation de défauts des câbles. Alors que, les Convertisseurs Analogique-Numérique sont indispensables dans les architectures de la réflectométrie, la nécessité du respect de la condition de Shannon et le besoin d’effectuer des traitements en temps réel limitent les fréquences maximales des signaux injectés, ainsi la précision de localisation. Pour une première fois dans le système de diagnostic filaire, cette étude s’inscrit l’échantillonnage comprimé du signal réfléchi afin d’améliorer ces performances. Pour cela en utilisant les signaux multi-porteuses de la réflectométrie, nous proposons les dictionnaires adaptées induisant la parcimonie. Ainsi, grâce à l’acquisition comprimée et son encodeur analogique nous arrivons à reconstruire le réflectogramme avec une fréquence d’échantillonnage moins élevée et également d’identifier les défauts à proximité.
Circadian Rhythms and Masking: An Overview (1993)

Masking, as is well known, enables an organism to act immediately and in an appropriate way to changes of the environment, integrating with internally produced rhythmicity. It now appears that masking can be used to cover a far wider range of problems than was originally intended. To separate masking effects from the effects due to an internal oscillator, several techniques have been used. Such protocols, however, like the constant routine protocol, often replace one form of masking by another. The situation becomes even more complex when one realizes that the output of an internal oscillator modifies the input. The question might be asked whether it is possible to study the properties of the internal oscillator in vivo at all. This article attempts to produce a framework for future discussions.
Complete temporal characterization of short optical pulses by simplified chronocyclic tomography (2003)

A new self-referencing technique to characterize the temporal electric field of a short optical pulse is presented. The group delay of the pulse is directly obtained from two projections of the Wigner-Ville function after rotation of the pulse in chronocyclic space. Implementation of the technique requires only quadratic temporal phase modulation and two spectrum measurements, from which the electric field is directly and unambiguously reconstructed without any assumption. A device based on these principles is used to characterize the electric field of a 2-ps optical pulse.
Will the Real Aggrecanase(s) Step Up: Evaluating the Criteria that Define Aggrecanase Activity in Osteoarthritis (2008)

Loss of aggrecan from articular cartilage is an early and critical event in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) and is enzymatically mediated by aggrecanase activity. Since the discovery of aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS-4) and aggrecanase-2 (ADAMTS-5), both members of the "a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif" family of proteinases, other members of the family have been reported to have aggrecanase activity, as currently defined, including ADAMTS-1, -8, -9, -15 and -16. Understanding whether these other ADAMTS members are in fact genuine in vivo aggrecanases will be important for the development of therapeutic agents that aim to block aggrecan degradation. The goal of this review is to look at the current definition of "aggrecanase activity", and define its strengths, weaknesses and suitability for determining which ADAMTS, are aggrecanases that participate in aggrecan catabolism in OA. In addition, we propose a more comprehensive definition of aggrecanase activity, based on 6 criteria that encompass both biochemical and biological characteristics of the endogenous aggrecanase activity detected in vitro and in vivo. Finally, using these criteria, we propose which ADAMTSs should be classified as aggrecanases and therefore be considered as drug targets for the development of chondroprotective OA treatments.
An Integrated DQPSK Demodulator for 14-GHz Satellite Communications Applications (2005)

An MIC assembly for direct DQPSK demodulation at 14 GHz is described. A time delay of 16.6 ns (120 Mbit/s) is achieved by edge-coupled bandpass filters. Quadrature phase detection is provided by a novel MIC topology that causes RF and IF ports to occur in adjacent pairs. An electronic phase shifter provides near linear phase shift with bias voltage. Temperature compensation maintains the phase errors to within 5/spl deg/ for a 20/spl deg/C temperature change.
Fabrication, Microstructure, Magnetic, and Recording Properties of Percolated Perpendicular Media (2007)

In this paper, a new type of perpendicular magnetic media which we have termed percolated perpendicular media is discussed. We present the method we used to fabricate the media as well as an energetic rationale for the driving force to produce the desired microstructure. The microstructures of samples with various amounts of oxide material are presented and the optimum one for our investigation is presented. We also present some preliminary drag test data that can be used to evaluate the recording properties of this media
Type I (R1) and type II (R2) ribosomal DNA insertions of Drosophila melanogaster are retrotransposable elements closely related to those of Bombyx mori (1990)

Approximately 50% of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) units of Drosophila melanogaster are inactivated by two different 28 S RNA ribosomal gene insertions (type I and type II). We present here the nucleotide sequence of complete type I and type II elements. Conceptual translation of these sequences revealed open reading frames (ORFs) encoding amino acid residues conserved in all retrotransposable elements. Full-length type I elements are 5.35 x 10(3) base-pairs in length and contain two overlapping ORFs. The smaller ORF (471 amino acid residues) has similarity to gag genes, while the larger ORF (1021 residues) has similarity to pol genes. Full-length type II elements are 3.6 x 10(3) base-pairs and contain one large ORF (1056 residues) that appears to represent a gag-pol fusion. Type I and type II elements are similar in structure, in the proteins they encode, and in insertion specificity to the R1Bm and R2Bm retrotransposable elements of Bombyx mori. We suggest that the D. melanogaster elements be called R1Dm and R2Dm, to reflect their structure as retrotransposons. Comparison of the R1 and R2 elements from these two widely different species revealed regions of the ORF that are likely to play an important role in the propagation of the elements. Four distinct regions of sequence conservation separated by regions of little or no sequence similarity were detected for both the R1 and R2 elements: (1) cysteine motifs of the gag gene, with three such motifs for R1 and one motif for R2; (2) a reverse transcriptase domain; (3) an integrase domain located carboxyl terminal to the reverse transcriptase region; and (4) a small region amino terminal to the reverse transcriptase domain, whose function is not known. The level of identity of the amino acid residues for these segments is 28 to 34% between the R1 elements, and 34 to 39% for the R2 elements. Finally, it may be predicted that the mechanism of unequal crossover might eventually eliminate R1 and R2 from the rDNA locus. The long history of selection at the protein level exhibited by these elements indicates that it is their active transposition that maintains them in the locus. The high level of sequence homogeneity between copies of each element within the same species is consistent with the high turnover rate expected to result from these processes.
The chemiluminescence of organic compounds (1966)

F. McCapra, Q. Rev. Chem. Soc., 1966, 20, 485 DOI: 10.1039/QR9662000485
Noise Reduction in Brainwaves by Using Both EEG Signals and Frontal Viewing Camera Images (2013)

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been used in various applications, including human-computer interfaces, diagnosis of brain diseases, and measurement of cognitive status. However, EEG signals can be contaminated with noise caused by user's head movements. Therefore, we propose a new method that combines an EEG acquisition device and a frontal viewing camera to isolate and exclude the sections of EEG data containing these noises. This method is novel in the following three ways. First, we compare the accuracies of detecting head movements based on the features of EEG signals in the frequency and time domains and on the motion features of images captured by the frontal viewing camera. Second, the features of EEG signals in the frequency domain and the motion features captured by the frontal viewing camera are selected as optimal ones. The dimension reduction of the features and feature selection are performed using linear discriminant analysis. Third, the combined features are used as inputs to support vector machine (SVM), which improves the accuracy in detecting head movements. The experimental results show that the proposed method can detect head movements with an average error rate of approximately 3.22%, which is smaller than that of other methods.
Pierre-François Tubeuf and the Foundations of a Modern Coal-Mining Industry (1993)

Abstract This chapter examines the role of Pierre-François Tubeuf in laying the foundations of the modern coal mining industry in France. Tubeuf's interest in coal mining started in March 1770 with his observation about the mismanagement of the coal mines in Languedoc and Comtat d' Avignon and his discussion of the issue with government minister M. Bertin. This chapter analyses the dialectic between economic and political issues and suggests that Tubeuf represented the forces of monopoly capitalism and that his tactless efforts to defeat local representatives of traditional market economics posed problems both for the State and the Estates alike.
Visual study of an airlift pump operating at low submergence ratios (1995)

Abstract The operation of an airlift pump, working under low submergence ratios (between 0.17 and 0.31), has been visually studied. The two‐phase flow structures occurring in the riser channel and around the injector section were recorded by a high speed video system. A quasi‐periodic burst‐like behaviour characterised the flow pattern in the riser tube, which appeared to dominate the operation of the airlift pump under the conditions of low submergence ratios. An interesting aspect of the airlift pump operation, under these conditions, is that the two phases show a large interface area; this is due to the high dispersion degree of the two‐phase mixture in the riser duct. Data and pictures from video recordings regarding the sequence, time and length scales of the occurring flow patterns are reported.