gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Verifiable Reinforcement Learning via Policy Extraction (2018)

While deep reinforcement learning has successfully solved many challenging control tasks, its real-world applicability has been limited by the inability to ensure the safety of learned policies. We propose an approach to verifiable reinforcement learning by training decision tree policies, which can represent complex policies (since they are nonparametric), yet can be efficiently verified using existing techniques (since they are highly structured). The challenge is that decision tree policies are difficult to train. We propose VIPER, an algorithm that combines ideas from model compression and imitation learning to learn decision tree policies guided by a DNN policy (called the oracle) and its Q-function, and show that it substantially outperforms two baselines. We use VIPER to (i) learn a provably robust decision tree policy for a variant of Atari Pong with a symbolic state space, (ii) learn a decision tree policy for a toy game based on Pong that provably never loses, and (iii) learn a provably stable decision tree policy for cart-pole. In each case, the decision tree policy achieves performance equal to that of the original DNN policy.
Link layer support for unified radio power management in wireless sensor networks (2007)

Radio power management is of paramount concern in wireless sensor networks that must achieve long lifetimes on scarce amounts of energy. While a multitude of power management protocols have been proposed in the past, the lack of system support for flexibly integrating them with a diverse set of applications and network platforms has made them diffcult to use. Instead of proposing yet another power management protocol, this paper focuses on providing link layer support towards realizing a Unified Power Management Architecture (UPMA) for flexible radio power management in wireless sensor networks. In contrast to the monolithic approaches adopted by existing power management solutions, we provide (1) a set of standard interfaces that allow different power management protocols existing at the link layer to be easily implemented on top of common MAC level functionality, (2) an architectural framework for enabling these protocols to be easily swapped in and out depending on the needs of the applications that require them, and (3) a mechanism for coordinating the existence of multiple applications, each of which may have different requirements for the same underlying power management protocol. We have implemented these features on the Mica2 and Telosb radio stacks in TinyOS-2.0. Microbenchmark results demonstrate that the separation of power management from MAC level functionality incurs a negligible decrease in performance when compared to existing monolithic implementations. Two case studies show that the power management requirements of multiple applications can be easily coordinated, sometimes even resulting in better power savings than any one of them can achieve individually.
Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia and fatal thrombosis in a patient with activated protein C resistance (1995)

We report a 20-year-old woman who developed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) associated with devastating and fatal multiorgan thrombosis. The patient, her mother, and her brother were found to have resistance to activated protein C (APC), and the congenital thrombophilia in this family was verified by the finding of the Arg506 Gln mutation in factor V. This is the first case of HIT and APC resistance. The consequences of this association are discussed.
Motion planning on rough terrain for an articulated vehicle in presence of uncertainties (2002)

This paper addresses motion planning for a mobile robot moving on a rough terrain. Simeon and Dacre-Wright proposed (1993) a geometrical planner for a particular architecture of robot, based on a discrete search technique operating in the (x, y, /spl theta/) configuration space of the robot, and on the evaluation of elementary feasible paths between two configurations. The overall efficiency of the approach was made possible by the use of fast algorithms for solving the placement problem and checking the validity of such placements. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, we study the extension of this approach to an articulated vehicle composed of three axles connected to the chassis by joints allowing the roll and pitch movements. We also propose new algorithms to improve the robustness of the planner by considering additional constraints: uncertainties in the terrain model and existence of a free channel around the computed trajectory. Some simulation results presented at the end of the paper show the effectiveness of the planner which turns out to be both fast and capable of solving difficult problems.
Cathodic Automotive Electrodeposition (1978)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Cathodic electrodeposition was successfully introduced to the general U.S. industry in 1971. Several properties specific to the automotive industry were required before it could be introduced to the automotive industry in 1976.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Cathodic electrodeposition is capable of producing superior corrosion resistance over steel and other substrates. For the automotive industry, additional characteristics of high throw-power, lower curing schedules, long term stability, and others were necessary for this paint to be satisfactory to this industry.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Many equipment requirements of Cathodic paint are similar or identical to those of Anodic paint, but there are also some specific differences. Operation of Cathodic systems are also similar in many respects to Anodic systems but control parameters such as pH, MEQ, voltage, and conductivity are different. These differences in the equipment and control of Cathodic systems are related to characteristics of Cathodic chemistry.</div>
Fc epsilon receptor II/CD23-positive lymphocytes in atopic dermatitis. I. The proportion of Fc epsilon RII+ lymphocytes correlates with the extent of skin lesion. (1991)

Cells expressing Fc receptors for IgE (Fc epsilon RII) were identified in the peripheral blood from patients with atopic dermatitis and with eczematous dermatitis, and normal non-atopic subjects by using monoclonal antibodies to human lymphocyte Fc epsilon RII, and to lymphoid cell-surface antigens by immunofluorescence staining. Based on the extent of the dermatitis patients were classified as severe (greater than 50% skin surface involved), moderate (50-10%) and mild (less than 10%). Patients with severe and moderate atopic dermatitis had 5.9% and 5.7% Fc epsilon RII+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), respectively, that were significantly higher than percentages in mild atopic dermatitis patients (2.6%), severe to moderate eczematous dermatitis patients (2.3%), mild eczematous dermatitis patients (2.2%) and normal individuals (1.7%)(0.05 greater than P). In severe and moderate atopic dermatitis patients, 10% of Fc epsilon RII+ PBMC were T cells that preferentially expressed CD8, and the remainder B cells and monocytes. Fc epsilon RII+ T cells comprised 1% of peripheral T cells, while half or more of peripheral B cells expressed Fc epsilon RII. In mild atopic dermatitis patients, eczematous dermatitis patients and normal subjects. Fc epsilon RII were expressed exclusively on 25-35% of peripheral B cells. Short-term treatment and long-term follow-up of atopic dermatitis patients revealed that changes in the skin condition were related closely to fluctuations in the proportion of Fc epsilon RII+ PBMC. Total serum IgE levels and atopic respiratory allergy did not influence the percentage of Fc epsilon RII+ PBMC. These findings suggest that the percentage of Fc epsilon RII+ PBMC reflects the extent of atopic dermatitis.
Fabrication, splicing, Bragg grating writing, and polyelectrolyte functionalization of exposed-core microstructured optical fibers (2014)

Femtosecond laser written Bragg gratings have been written in exposed-core microstructured optical fibers with core diameters ranging from 2.7 µm to 12.5 µm and can be spliced to conventional single mode fiber. Writing a Bragg grating on an open core fiber allows for real-time refractive index based sensing, with a view to multiplexed biosensing. Smaller core fibers are shown both experimentally and theoretically to provide a higher sensitivity. A 7.5 µm core diameter fiber is shown to provide a good compromise between sensitivity and practicality and was used for monitoring the deposition of polyelectrolyte layers, an important first step in developing a biosensor.
Influencing prescribing practices and associated outcomes utilizing the drug use evaluation process. (1994)

Influencing prescribing practices and the implementation of pharmaceutical care utilizing the drug use evaluation (DUE) process at a 891-bed teaching hospital are described. The DUE program has been structured to provide for significant pharmacy involvement while maintaining medical staff responsibility as outlined by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. A multidisciplinary approach is used to identify problems and develop prescribing criteria and educational initiatives. Pharmacists provide drug therapy monitoring and engage in clinical interventions and documentation of outcomes on a daily basis. DUE program pharmacists help target possible interventions, assure monitoring and outcome documentation, and compile results of all initiatives for reporting purposes to the medical staff and quality assessment program. Specific performance compliance and problems are identified and incorporated into the credentialing process. Corrective measures are determined by the Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) Subcommittee with subsequent actions carried out by peer physicians. The net result is a positive influence on prescribing practices that improves the appropriate and effective use of drugs and improves patient outcomes.
Use of Heme-Protein Complexes by the <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> HemR Receptor: Histidine Residues Are Essential for Receptor Function (1999)

The abilities of two bacterial active heme transporters, HmbR of Neisseria meningitidis and HemR of Yersinia enterocolitica, to use different heme sources were compared. While HmbR-expressing cells used only hemoglobin (Hb) and heme, HemR-expressing bacteria were able to grow on Hb, heme, myoglobin, hemopexin, catalase, human and bovine serum albumin-heme, and haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes as sources of iron. Expression of functional HemR allowed Escherichia coli cells to respond to heme-containing peptides, microperoxidases MP-8, MP-9, and MP-11, suggesting the ability of HemR to transport heme covalently linked to other molecules. Comparison of HemR with other heme receptors identified several highly conserved histidine residues as well as two conserved amino acid motifs, the FRAP and NPNL boxes. A site-directed mutagenesis approach was used to investigate the roles of His128, His192, His352, and His461 residues in HemR function. The HemR receptor with histidine changed to lysine at position 128 (HemR(H128K)), HemR(H461L), HemR(H461A), and HemR(H128A,H461A) mutant receptors were unable to use Hb, human serum albumin-heme, and myoglobin as sources of porphyrin and iron. Utilization of free heme was also severely affected, with some residual heme uptake in cells expressing HemR(H128K), HemR(H461A), and HemR(H461L). Conversely, the HemR(H192T), HemR(H352A), HemR(H352K), and HemR(H192T,H352K) mutant receptors were fully functional. All mutant HemR proteins were expressed in the outer membrane at levels similar to that of the wild-type HemR receptor. Nonfunctional HemRs were able to bind heme- and Hb-agarose. A hypothetical model of the HemR function in which two conserved histidine residues, His128 and His461, participate in the transport of heme through the receptor pore is postulated.
Recent advances in the application of molecular biology in filariasis. (1993)

Monitoring of filarial parasites in the host and vector has traditionally depended on morphological identification. Recently, species-specific DNA probes have been developed for Brugia malayi, Brugia pahangi and Wuchereria bancrofti. Repeated DNA sequences are useful in developing DNA probes because they evolve more rapidly then coding sequences and their high copy number increases the sensitivity of detection. The Hhal repeated DNA family represents 12% of the total B. malayi DNA. This DNA family is present in species of Brugia (B. malayi, B. timori and B. pahangi) but not W. bancrofti. Sequence analysis of the repeated DNA in B. malayi and B. pahangi has allowed construction of two species-specific DNA probes. These probes were used in a double blind field study in Indonesia. Microfilariae (mf) from infected cats and humans were identified by classical morphological methods and DNA probes. Agreement was found in 98.6% of the 642 samples tested by the two different techniques. Besides mf identification DNA probes can be used to determine the species of infective larvae (L3s) in infected mosquitos. This is useful because the L3s have similar morphology. DNA probes for the identification of W. bancrofti have recently been developed and are in the initial stages of testing in China (Piessens, personal communication) and Egypt (Williams, personal communication). An alternative approach for identification of infected individuals is to detect specific parasite antigens in circulation. A WHO initiative to use either an antigen or antibody assay to replace night blood is presently underway. This approach, if successful would not require the presence of microfilariae, but could detect occult infections.
Language, Identity, and the Ownership of English (1997)

This article serves as the introduction to the special-topic issue of the TESOL Quarterly on Language and Identity. In the first section, I discuss my interest in language and identity, drawing on theorists who have been influential in my work. A short vignette illustrates the significant relationship among identity, language learning, and classroom teaching. In the second section, I examine the five articles in the issue, highlighting notable similarities and differences in conceptions of identity. I note, in particular, the different ways in which the authors frame identity: social identity, sociocultural identity, voice, cultural identity, and ethnic identity. I explore these differences with reference to the particular disciplines and research traditions of the authors and the different emphases of their research projects. In the final section, I draw on the issue as a whole to address a prevalent theme in many of the contributions: the ownership of English internationally. The central question addressed is the extent to which English belongs to White native speakers of standard English or to all the people who speak it, irrespective of linguistic and sociocultural history. I conclude with the hope that the issue will help address the current fragmentation in the literature on the relationship between language and identity and encourage further debate and research on a thought-provoking and important topic.

Just as, at the level of relations between groups, a language is worth what those who speak it are worth, so too, at the level of interactions between individuals, speech always owes a major part of its value to the value of the person who utters it. (Bourdieu, 1977, p. 652)
A National Fuel Policy for Japan (1936)

Other| December 19 1936 A National Fuel Policy for Japan M. S. F. M. S. F. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1936) 5 (25): 272–273. https://doi.org/10.2307/3021332 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. S. F.; A National Fuel Policy for Japan. Far Eastern Survey 19 December 1936; 5 (25): 272–273. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3021332 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The vertical tracking angle problem in stereophonic record reproduction (1963)

At the time of the widespread introduction of stereophonic records in 1957, two cutter systems became available-one embodying a 23° vertical recording angle and the other a 0° angle. In 1961 the Engineering Committee of the RIAA recommended a 15° vertical tracking angle standard for stereophonic pickups. In the intervening years, however, the matter of vertical angles appears to have been neglected by most pickup makers in as much as a range of angles of 0° to over 40° has been reported, in the extreme cases audible distortion being noticed. A new factor has been added by recent CBS Laboratories' discovery that, because of lacquer and stylus springback, the actual slant of the recorded wave is considerably smaller than the recording angle. With 23° cutter normally used, for example, the actual modulation angle is near 0°. A special mounting and special recording stylus have been developed for providing the cutter with an added inclination of 14° which produces the desired 15° effective modulation slant. Modulation slants can be measured by microscopic measurements of dissymmetry of square-wave traces, by measurements of the shift of optical patterns, by measurement of distortion with the forward and reverse pickup orientation on a test record, and by placing the pickup in a normal and an inclined playing position. This latter method of measurement also yields the effective value of pickup tracking angle including the effect of any existing longitudinal elasticity of the stylus mounting.
Intracellular Organic Osmolytes: Function and Regulation (2008)

Cells of almost all organisms accumulate organic osmolytes when exposed to hyperosmolality, most often in the form of high salt or urea. In this review, we discuss 1) how the organic osmolytes protect; 2) the identity of osmolytes in Archaea, bacteria, yeast, plants, marine animals, and mammals; 3) the mechanisms by which they are accumulated; 4) sensors of osmolality; 5) the signaling pathways involved; and 6) mutual counteraction by urea and methylamines.
Selection of RRE RNA binding peptides using a kanamycin antitermination assay (2003)

The arginine-rich domains of several RNA-binding proteins have been shown to bind their cognate RNAs with high affinities and specificities as isolated peptides, adopting different conformations within different complexes. The sequence simplicity and structural diversity of the arginine-rich motif has made it a good framework for constructing combinatorial libraries and identifying novel RNA-binding peptides, including those targeted to the HIV Rev response element (RRE). Here we describe a modified transcription antitermination reporter assay engineered with kanamycin resistance that enables larger in vivo screens (approximately 10(9) sequences) than previously possible. We show that the assay detects only specific RNA-protein complexes, and that binders are enriched at least 300-fold per round of selection. We screened a large peptide library in which amino acids with charged, polar, and small side chains were randomly distributed within a polyarginine framework and identified a set of high affinity RRE-binding peptides. Most contain glutamine at one particular peptide position, and the best peptides display significantly higher antitermination activities than Rev or other previously described high-affinity RRE-binding peptides. The kanamycin antitermination (KAN) assay should be useful for screening relatively large libraries and thereby facilitate identification of novel RNA binders.
Triptycene<sup>1</sup> (9,10-o-Benzenoanthracene) (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriptycene1 (9,10-o-Benzenoanthracene)Paul D. Bartlett, M. Josephine Ryan, and Saul G. CohenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942, 64, 11, 2649–2653Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1942https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01263a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2716Altmetric-Citations222LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (533 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A cloud platform for QoE evaluation: QoXcloud (2014)

The current financial situation, together with the new market conditions, has led to major changes in the ICT sector over the last few years. Many of the services that were once only offered by operators are now being provided by third parties through the cloud. This situation has promoted new business models against the traditional ones. Furthermore, these economic changes have conducted to socio-cultural transformations with great impact on the user's behaviors. In this paper a cloud platform for the measurement and evaluation of the Quality of Experience (QoE) is presented. The platform is based in a model (QoXphere) that ensures the user satisfaction in terms of Quality of Service (QoS) and the provider economic benefits, as demanded in current market situation. In addition, the proposed cloud architecture intends to aid to advance in the work item opened recently in ITU-T to establish an ITU recognition procedure of testing laboratories with competence in ITU-T Recommendations.
A computerized system for measuring the acoustic output from diagnostic ultrasound equipment (1988)

The measurement arrangement, which complies with the requirements of the US Food and Drug Administration, consists of a positioning system with a full range of degrees-of-freedom and a digital oscilloscope, both under complete computer control. The acoustic pressure-time waveform is recorded using membrane-type and needle-type polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hydrophone probes. The overall bandwidth of the system depends on the hydrophone probe used and can range up to 100 MHz. A complete description of the system and the measurement procedures is given, along with a brief discussion of the various factors which affect measurement uncertainty. The largest overall uncertainty of the same associated with acoustic intensity measurements was determined to be no greater than 20% for I(sppa) and 25% for I(spta) (spatial peak pulse average intensity and spatial-peak temporal-average intensity, respectively). Other applications of the system include transducer characterization and research work in ultrasound dosimetry and bioeffects.