gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of biosynthesis of cholesterol and isoprenoid derivatives in regulation of G<sub>1</sub> progression and cell proliferation of 3T6 cells (1987)

The growth of 3T6-cells was rapidly decreased, although not completely stopped, as a consequence of treatment of the cell cultures with serum-free medium. By analyzing the cell cycle traverse it was found that the decrease in growth rate was attributable to a 6-8-h delay in progression through the proximal part of G1. These effects of serum depletion on cell-cycle traverse and cell proliferation were compared with simultaneous effects on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase and the biosynthesis of cholesterol and the two isoprenoid derivatives coenzyme Q and dolichol. The activity of HMG CoA reductase was unaffected during the first 8 h of serum depletion and depressed by approximately 50% during the next 16 h. In contrast, the rate of coenzyme Q and dolichol synthesis, as related to cholesterol synthesis, was substantially decreased, and within 4 h after shift to serum-free medium both were reduced by 70-80%. As distinguished from dolichol synthesis, the synthesis of coenzyme Q was even decreased following exposures of the cell cultures to cholesterol-poor serum. This indicates that the rate of coenzyme Q synthesis is dependent on the concentration of serum cholesterol, whereas rate of dolichol synthesis is stimulated by some other serum factor(s). In addition, supplementation with dolichol to serum-depleted cells partially normalized G1 traverse and DNA synthesis, whereas cholesterol or coenzyme Q was ineffective. Taken together, the results suggest that a certain level of de novo synthesis of dolichol is required to maintain normal cell-cycle traverse and growth of 3T6 cells.
Structure and superconductivity of Mg(B <sub> 1- <i>x</i> </sub> C <sub> <i>x</i> </sub> ) <sub>2</sub> compounds (2001)

In this paper, we reported the structural properties and superconductivity of Mg(B1-xCx)2 compounds. Powder x-ray diffraction results indicate that the samples crystallize in a hexagonal AlB2-type structure. Due to the chemical activity of Mg powders, a small amount of MgO impurity phase was detected by x-ray diffraction. The lattice parameters decrease slightly with increasing carbon content. Magnetization measurements indicate the non-stoichiometry of MgB2 has no influence on the superconducting transition temperature and the transition temperature width. The addition of carbon results in a decrease of Tc and an increase in the superconducting transition width, implying the loss of superconductivity.
Lymphocyte activation induces rapid changes in nuclear and cytoplasmic glycoproteins. (1991)

A unique form of nucleoplasmic and cytoplasmic protein glycosylation, O-linked GlcNAc, (O-GlcNAc) is present on proteins ranging from those of yeast to man, including many chromatin proteins, transcription factors, nuclear pore proteins, and certain types of cytoskeletal proteins. In this report we have studied the effects of cellular activation on O-GlcNAc-modified proteins, using T lymphocytes as a model system. Results indicate that the apparent levels of O-GlcNAc on many nuclear proteins increases rapidly after lymphocyte activation, returning to control levels after a few hours. In contrast, the apparent levels of O-GlcNAc on a distinct population of cytosolic proteins decreases rapidly after cellular activation and also returns to control levels after a few hours. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that O-GlcNAc is a regulatory modification and suggest that O-GlcNAc modification may play an important role in the early stages of T-lymphocyte activation.
Epidermal growth factor receptor in synaptic fractions of the rat central nervous system. (1992)

Functional relationships between epidermal growth factor (EGF) and neural tissues have of late attracted increasing interest. However, in spite of reported EGF effects on neurons, the expression of the EGF receptor (EGF-R) has not yet been unambiguously demonstrated in these cells. This 170-kDa protein bears an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain in which activity is ligand-dependent. We give definitive evidence here for its presence in neonatal and adult rat neurons showing also, for the first time, its binding and functional tyrosine kinase activities in the synaptic region. Immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal antibody prepared against the receptor purified from rat liver showed positive staining localized exclusively to neurons without regionalization to any particular brain zone. Binding studies made in Percoll-obtained synaptosomes revealed specific high affinity 125I-EGF binding sites (Kd, 1.42 x 10(-10) +/- 0.58 M) accounting for 17% of total binding and a great majority of low affinity (Kd, 2.55 x 10(-9) +/- 0.35 M) binding sites. Higher binding capacity was found in synaptosomal fractions obtained from newborn rats. The identity of the synaptosomal EGF binding activity with the 170-kDA EGF-R protein was demonstrated by cross-linking experiments. Furthermore, EGF-Affi-Prep affinity chromatography adsorbs a 170-kDa protein with EGF-R immunoreactivity from whole homogenates of adult rat brain. Phosphorylation assays made in freeze-thawed or intact synaptosomes showed EGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation in the range of 170-, 126-150-, 124-, 113-, 98-, and 70-kDa proteins including the EGF-R. Thus, the EGF-R/EGF regulatory system could have a role in synaptic function that remains to be explored.
A successive approximation ADC with resistor-capacitor hybrid structure (2013)

This paper presents a 10-bit 50MS/s successive approximation register (SAR) ADC with low input capacitance that uses an on-chip resistive ladder to arrange a new switching scheme. The proposed arrangement not only reduces the total input capacitance, but also performs the predictive capacitor switching sequence to further reduce the power consumption. Therefore, the proposed SAR ADC has the features of small area and low power consumption. Compared to conventional SAR ADCs, the proposed ADC reduces the input capacitance to 512 fF for 10-bit resolution. This work is fabricated in TSMC 90-nm 1P9M CMOS process. This prototype chip consumes 0.703 mW from a 1.2-V supply and the ENOB is 9.3 bits at 50 MS/s sampling rate. The resultant FoM is 28 fJ/conversion-step.
Acoustic source localization using phase difference spectrum images (2003)

The localization of a single acoustic source on the horizontal plane using phase difference spectrum images is discussed. The azimuth for source is identified from the general linear relationship, which is extracted from the measured phase difference spectrum after filtering. The phase difference spectrum is introduced as the quasi-stationary cross-spectral phase between the sound signals detected simultaneously by two sensors. Acoustic source localization in an anechoic chamber having a metal base plate using two types of sound signals, white noise and voice, indicated that the phase difference spectrum was not affected with respect to the sound pressure level but was affected with respect to the azimuth for source. Although the phase difference spectrum measured in a reverberant room had less continuity as a function of frequency, a linear distribution of the images obtained from the data (dots) was observed on the frequency - phase difference plane. Using the phase difference spectrum images, the azimuths for various sources, which radiated any kind of broadband sound on separated time schedule, were precisely identified even in the reverberant room.
Simulating cartoon style animation (2002)

Traditional hand animation is in many cases superior to simulated motion for conveying information about character and events. Much of this superiority comes from an animator's ability to abstract motion and play to human perceptual effects. However, experienced animators are difficult to come by and the resulting motion is typically not interactive. On the other hand, procedural models for generating motion, such as physical simulation, can create motion on the fly but are poor at stylizing movement. We start to bridge this gap with a technique that creates cartoon style deformations automatically while preserving desirable qualities of the object's appearance and motion. Our method is focused on squash-and-stretch deformations based on the velocity and collision parameters of the object, making it suitable for procedural animation systems. The user has direct control of the object's motion through a set of simple parameters that drive specific features of the motion, such as the degree of squash and stretch. We demonstrate our approach with examples from our prototype system.
Determining the Methionine Activity of Mintrex Organic Trace Minerals in Broiler Chicks by Using Radiolabel Tracing or Growth Assay (2007)

Mintrex Zn, Mintrex Cu, and Mintrex Mn organic trace minerals contain 16% Zn, 15% Cu, and 13% Mn with 80, 78, and 76% 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid (HMTBA) by weight as the organic ligand, respectively. Our objective was to determine if HMTBA from Mintrex was fully available as a Met source. In experiment 1, thirty-six broilers (7 to 10 d old) were orally gavaged with methyl-(14)C-labeled HMTBA, either as free HMTBA (Alimet feed supplement) or Zn bis(-2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyrate) (Mintrex Zn). Radiolabel incorporation from either source into protein was measured as a marker of bioavailable Met activity. Results demonstrated that the HMTBA from Mintrex Zn was equally available as free HMTBA to support protein synthesis. In experiment 2, five hundred seventy-six 1-d-old broilers were allotted to 12 dietary treatments (TRT) for a 21-d growth assay. A TSAA-deficient diet containing 0.70% total TSAA (TRT 1) was supplemented with 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20% free HMTBA (TRT 2 to 5) to establish the standard Met response curve. Treatment 6 was analogous to TRT 2 but had an additional 160 ppm Zn, 80 ppm Cu, and 160 ppm Mn as sulfates. Treatments 7 to 12 were identical to TRT 2 but supplemented with 40 or 160 ppm Zn from Mintrex Zn, 20 or 80 ppm Cu from Mintrex Cu, or 40 or 160 ppm Mn from Mintrex Mn, respectively. For TRT 1 through 6, growth performance increased due to increasing Met addition (P < 0.01) but not to increasing inorganic trace minerals. For Mintrex Zn, Cu, and Mn (TRT 7 to 12), there was a linear increase in cumulative gain:feed ratio (P < 0.04), and for Mintrex Zn and Mn, there was a linear increase in cumulative gain (P < 0.03) to increasing Mintrex addition. A 1-slope broken-line model was used to calculate bioavailable Met activity from Mintrex for comparison with actual intake values. Results indicated that HMTBA from Mintrex was fully available as a Met source.
How safe is submucosal diathermy? (1990)

Submucosal diathermy (SMD) is a common surgical procedure carried out to improve the nasal airway. A case is presented in which it was followed by profuse epistaxis which required transfusion of 28 units of blood, eight units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and four units of platelets within 14 days.
TileSoft: Sequence Optimization Software for Designing DNA Secondary Structures (2004)

DNA is a crucial construction material for molecular scale objects with nano-scale features. Diverse synthetic DNA objects hold great potential for applications such as nanofabrication, nano-robotics, nano-computing, and nano-electronics. The construction of DNA objects is generally carried out via self-assembly. During self-assembly, DNA strands are guided by their sequence information into secondary structures to maximize WatsonCrick pairing of their bases and thus minimize the free energy of the resultant structures. A crucial computational problem in constructing DNA objects is the design of DNA sequences that can correctly assemble into desired DNA secondary structures. However, existing software packages only provide unintuitive text-line interfaces and generally require the user to step through the entire sequence selection process, which could be time-consuming and tedious. TileSoft described in this manuscript improves on previous software by delivering the following features: 1) Its graphical user interface renders the molecular architect the ability to define DNA secondary structure and accompanying designing constraints directly on the interface as well as the ability to view the optimized sequence information pictorially. 2) Its fully automatic optimization module relieves the user of the drudgery of manually dictating the sequence selection process, and its evolutionary algorithm produces satisfactory results efficiently. 3) Its graphical user interface and its optimization module are smoothly integrated from user&apos;s perspective, while they are at the same time well separated in terms of software architecture, making each amenable to future improvements without negatively affecting the other.
Lipid Microdomains Are Required Sites for the Selective Endocytosis and Nuclear Translocation of IFN-γ, Its Receptor Chain IFN-γ Receptor-1, and the Phosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation of STAT1α (2002)

IFN-gamma contains a nuclear localization sequence that may play a role in the nuclear transport of activated STAT1alpha via a complex of IFN-gamma/IFN-gamma receptor (IFNGR)-1/STAT1alpha with the nuclear importer nucleoprotein interactor 1. In this study, we examine the mechanism of endocytosis of IFNGR-1 and the relationship of its nuclear translocation to that of STAT1alpha. In untreated WISH cells, both IFNGR-1 and IFNGR-2 were constitutively localized within caveolae-like microdomains isolated from plasma membrane. However, treatment of cells with IFN-gamma resulted in rapid migration of IFNGR-1, but not IFNGR-2, from these microdomains. Filipin pretreatment, which specifically inhibits endocytosis from caveolae-like microdomains, inhibited the nuclear translocation of IFN-gamma and IFNGR-1 as well as the tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1alpha, but did not affect the binding of IFN-gamma to these cells. In the Jurkat T lymphocyte cell line, which does not express caveolin-1, nuclear translocation of IFNGR-1 and STAT1alpha were similarly inhibited by filipin pretreatment. Isolation of lipid microdomains from Jurkat cells showed that both IFNGR-1 and IFNGR-2 were associated with lipid microdomains only after stimulation with IFN-gamma, suggesting that the IFNGR subunits are recruited to lipid microdomains by IFN-gamma binding in lymphocytes (Jurkat) in contrast to their constitutive presence in epithelial (WISH) cells. In contrast, treatments that block clathrin-dependent endocytosis did not inhibit either activation or nuclear translocation of STAT1alpha or the nuclear translocation of IFN-gamma or IFNGR-1. Thus, membrane lipid microdomains play an important role in IFN-gamma-initiated endocytic events involving IFNGR-1, and the nuclear translocation of IFN-gamma, IFNGR-1, and STAT1alpha.
Active integrated antennas for microwave wireless systems (2002)

Active integrated antennas, in which solid-state devices and antennas are integrated together on a single substrate, offer significant advantages in performance, size and cost for microwave wireless systems. Recent developments include elements for integrated transmitters, heterodyne receivers, transceivers and transponders operating at frequencies from UHF through millimeter-wave. These elements can be used alone or in phased arrays for wireless communication, identification and sensing.
How the intelligent network will federate services related to mobility (1991)

Following a brief overview of the IN architecture presenting the major aspects of IN such as centralized data, intelligence and management for advanced services based on dedicated nodes in the telephone network, the authors explain how standardised interfacing between these nodes allows service interworking, interoperability and rapid nationwide coverage. Supporting this IN architecture, a service-independent software development structure is implemented, consisting of reusable components and a totally integrated software creation environment. The technical issues addressed by IN to guarantee user mobility and service personalisation are presented. Four network solutions related to user mobility are described.
Pyridine–Biquinoline–Metal Complexes for Sensing Pyrophosphate and Hydrogen Sulfide in Aqueous Buffer and in Cells (2015)

Herein, we report a new pyridine-biquinoline-derivative fluorophore L for effectively sensing pyrophosphate (PPi) and monohydrogen sulfide (HS(-)) in aqueous buffer and in living cells. L could selectively coordinate with metal ions (M(n+)) in Groups IB and IIB to form L-M(n+) complexes with 1:1 stoichiometry, resulting in fluorescence quenching via photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism. L-Zn(2+) complex was applied to competitively coordinate with PPi to form a new "ate"-type complex, turning on the fluorescence by a 21-fold-increase. The limit of detection (LOD) of this assay for PPi detection in aqueous buffer is 0.85 μM. L-Cu(2+) complex was applied for highly selective detection of HS(-) with an excellent sensitivity by 25-fold decomplexation-induced fluorescence increase. LOD of L-Cu(2+) complex for HS(-) detection in aqueous buffer is 2.24 μM. With the in vitro data obtained, we successfully applied these two complexes for sequential imaging Zn(2+) and PPi, Cu(2+) and HS(-) in living cells, respectively. Since PPi and HS(-) occur in vascular calcification in positive correlation, our multifunctional probe L might help doctors to more precisely diagnose this disease in vivo in the future. For example, we could use radioactive tracer L-(64)Cu for qualitative and quantitative positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of HS(-) in vivo.
Dynamic finite element model updating using simulated annealing and genetic algorithms (1998)

Dynamic Finite Element (FE) model updating may be considered as an optimisation process. Over the past few years two powerful new optimisation algorithms have been developed independently of each other, namely simulated annealing and the genetic algorithm. These are both probabilistic search algorithms capable of finding the global minimum amongst many local minima for a given objective function. This paper compares the two algorithms for model updating purposes. These algorithms are tested on several objective functions for model updating in both the modal and frequency domain, using simulated data.
Techniques to Setup and Administrate Integrated Proxy (2012)

This subject discusses technicalities for using PHP 5.x to administrate Squid and DNS, DHCP configurations for RHEL based LINUX distribution such as Scientific LINUX. We disable PHP's safe mode and use sudo to execute system commands(ex: iptables, service) from web form. There are some critical points to discuss in this paper.
Genetic epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis (2006)

Genetic investigations of rheumatoid arthritis have predominantly been single nucleotide polymorphism-based candidate gene association studies searching for markers of susceptibility, severity or treatment response. Studies of the human leukocyte antigen region have refined and added to our understanding of the complex associations to polymorphisms with this locus. PTPN22 has emerged strongly as a genuine rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility gene with replications of the association to the R620W single nucleotide polymorphism. Many investigations have been conducted on the genetics of treatment response -- some 'generic' and others specific in terms of identifying genetic influences to the mode of action and metabolism of particular agents.
The Chlorination Kinetics of Tungsten, Molybdenum, and their Alloys (1971)

The chlorination kinetics of tungsten, molybdenum, and three of their binary alloys have been studied as part of a Bureau of Mines effort to provide information of value when considering chlorine metallurgy processes. Tungsten and molybdenum were used for this initial investigation of alloys because they are chemically similar, form a complete range of solid solutions, and have been shown to chlorinate at temperatures sufficiently different so as to facilitate the determination of temperature dependency of reactivity by experiments based on the measurement of weight loss as the volatile chlorides are formed. Both the pure metals and alloys containing 22, 48, and 72 atomic per cent (a/o) molybdenum were found to chlorinate between 400° and 775°C at rates of 10−7 to 10−5 mole per square centimeter per minute, with the reaction rate dependent upon the 0.6 power of chlorine pressure. Molybdenum exhibited the highest reactivity, tungsten was the least reactive, and the alloys showed intermediate reactivity with respect to temperature. Single crystals of the pure metals showed marked anisotropy upon chlorination. When chlorinated, the polycrystalline alloy specimens of 22 and 72% molybdenum tended to show the crystalline anisotropy exhibited by the major component, while the 48% molybdenum specimen developed no pattern similarity to the pure metals.
Polarization properties of offset dual-reflector antennas (1991)

For an offset dual-reflector antenna design of zero geometrical optics cross polarization, the diffraction-induced cross polarizations calculated from the differential phase shift between the fundamental TEM/sub 00/ and higher order TEM/sub 01/ Gaussian beam modes, which represent principal and cross-polarization components, respectively, are in agreement with measured data. Since this residual cross polarization in the main reflector aperture is in approximate phase quadrature with the principal polarization, the far-field cross polarization is in phase with the principal polarization. Thus, both principal polarizations exhibit the same slight rotation for a given far-field direction. An important consequence is the preservation of orthogonality between two orthogonal linear polarizations from the feed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Maintenance Workforce Scheduling Using Arena Simulation (2010)

This paper analyzed the problem faced by a maintenance department of an Information Technology company, which recorded a huge amount of penalty cost each month. The cost is incurred when a service breakdown is solved beyond the agreed-upon duration, as distinctively stated in the Service Level Agreement established with its customers. Therefore, the objective of the paper is to present a workforce schedule model that would minimize the average total time of service in the system and maximize the total number of completed jobs. A simulation modeling was used and two alternatives of workforce schedule are compared. In comparison to the existing schedule, switching to the first alternative of Grouped-Efficiency-based Staff Schedule is expected to reduce the average total time in system of the highest severity service by 69% and increase the total number of completed jobs by 15.7%.