gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactive Specification And Formal Verification Of User's Views In Data Base Design (1979)

Among the different phases of the data base design process, the phase of modelling user's views has a particular relevance. This paper describes an interactive methodology for designing the views starting from the elementary sentences that specify the requirements of the application. The methodology generates a canonical representation, and provides verification algorithms for detecting inconsistencies, redundancies and ambiguities, and for restructuring and optimizing the model.
Designing Successful Online Courses - Part 2 (2010)

By a long shot, the most frequent question faculty ask me about online courses is "Where do I begin to design online learning?" This is an excellent question because it demonstrates the need to contemplate planning and designing online learning rather than haphazard construction. The "seat of the pants" approach has lead to many confusing and unsuccessful distance learning course designs. This article provides a proven approach which fits different ways to ease into distance learning for novice and advanced alike.
PKB Rescues Calcineurin/NFAT-Induced Arrest of Rag Expression and Pre-T Cell Differentiation (2006)

Protein kinase B (PKB), an Ag receptor activated serine-threonine kinase, controls various cellular processes including proliferation and survival. However, PKB function in thymocyte development is still unclear. We report PKB as an important negative regulator of the calcineurin (CN)-regulated transcription factor NFAT in early T cell differentiation. Expression of a hyperactive version of CN induces a profound block at the CD25+CD44- double-negative (DN) 3 stage of T cell development. We correlate this arrest with up-regulation of Bcl-2, CD2, CD5, and CD27 proteins and constitutive activation of NFAT but a severe impairment of Rag1, Rag2, and intracellular TCR-beta as well as intracellular TCR-gammadelta protein expression. Intriguingly, simultaneous expression of active myristoylated PKB inhibits nuclear NFAT activity, restores Rag activity, and enables DN3 cells to undergo normal differentiation and expansion. A correlation between the loss of NFAT activity and Rag1 and Rag2 expression is also found in myristoylated PKB-induced CD4+ lymphoma cells. Furthermore, ectopic expression of NFAT inhibits Rag2 promoter activity in EL4 cells, and in vivo binding of NFATc1 to the Rag1 and Rag2 promoter and cis-acting transcription regulatory elements is verified by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. The regulation of CN/NFAT signaling by PKB may thus control receptor regulated changes in Rag expression and constitute a signaling pathway important for differentiation processes in the thymus and periphery.
Kaposi's sarcoma and its relationship to cytomegalovirus (CMV) III. CMV DNA and CMV early antigens in Kaposi's sarcoma (1980)

DNA-DNA reassociation kinetics, anti-complement immunofluorescence (ACIF) and ACIF-blocking tests were used to search for cytomegalovirus (CMV) gene products in Kaposi's sarcoma (DS) biopsies and early cell cultures deriving from them. Three of eight tumor biopsies were positive for CMV DNA; two of them at 0.35 genome/cell and one at one copy 25% genome/cell. CMV-related antigens, mainly localized in the nucleus, were found in cryostat sections of seven of 31 tumor biopsies and four of 12 KS cell lines at early passage level. It appears that the antigen is present in a high number of tumor cells, like the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen (EBNA) in EBV-transformed cells. Inevitably, the increasing data concerning the oncogenic potential of CMV lead on to consideration of the increasing evidence of its association with Kaposi's sarcoma, a multiple hemorrhagic sarcoma with an epidemiologic distribution in Africa similar to that of Burkitt's lymphoma.
High-speed imaging using CMOS image sensor with quasi pixel-wise exposure (2017)

Several recent studies in compressive video sensing have realized scene capture beyond the fundamental trade-off limit between spatial resolution and temporal resolution using random space-time sampling. However, most of these studies showed results for higher frame rate video that were produced by simulation experiments or using an optically simulated random sampling camera, because there are currently no commercially available image sensors with random exposure or sampling capabilities. We fabricated a prototype complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with quasi pixel-wise exposure timing that can realize nonuniform space-time sampling. The prototype sensor can reset exposures independently by columns and fix these amount of exposure by rows for each 8x8 pixel block. This CMOS sensor is not fully controllable via the pixels, and has line-dependent controls, but it offers flexibility when compared with regular CMOS or charge-coupled device sensors with global or rolling shutters. We propose a method to realize pseudo-random sampling for high-speed video acquisition that uses the flexibility of the CMOS sensor. We reconstruct the high-speed video sequence from the images produced by pseudo-random sampling using an over-complete dictionary.
Striae gravidarum. Folklore and fact (1993)

A previously reported association between increased striae and glucose intolerance, which led to the theory of adrenal cortical hyperactivity as a cause of striae gravidarum, was not confirmed by this study. Many women use creams or oils in an attempt to prevent striae formation despite their ineffectiveness.
Blending LSTMs into CNNs (2015)

We consider whether deep convolutional networks (CNNs) can represent decision functions with similar accuracy as recurrent networks such as LSTMs. First, we show that a deep CNN with an architecture inspired by the models recently introduced in image recognition can yield better accuracy than previous convolutional and LSTM networks on the standard 309h Switchboard automatic speech recognition task. Then we show that even more accurate CNNs can be trained under the guidance of LSTMs using a variant of model compression, which we call model blending because the teacher and student models are similar in complexity but different in inductive bias. Blending further improves the accuracy of our CNN, yielding a computationally efficient model of accuracy higher than any of the other individual models. Examining the effect of "dark knowledge" in this model compression task, we find that less than 1% of the highest probability labels are needed for accurate model compression.
Development and Preclinical Evaulation of Novel Enzyme-targeting Radiotracers for Positron Emission Tomography (2015)

This work sought to radiolabel novel positron-emitting radiotracers and evaluate their utility for quantifying enzymes relevant to neurological and psychiatric disorders via position emission tomography (PET) in preclinical studies. Four enzymes were targeted: glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). By adapting a [11C]CO2 fixation method, a GSK-3 inhibitor with a 1-aryl-3-benzyl-[11C-carbonyl]urea scaffold was synthesized and represents a technique for radiolabeling unsymmetrical ureas bearing aromatic substrates. Using a similar method, we were able to prepare a 11C isotopologue of PF-04457845, a new investigation agent targeting FAAH in phase 2 trials. [11C]PF-04457845 was prepared in 5% radiochemical yield (uncorrected, based on [11C]CO2) and high radiochemical purity (>98%) with a specific activity of 74 GBq/µmol. Following ex vivo biodistribution and specificity experiments in rats, it was determined that [11C]PF-04457845 was a promising candidate which should be assessed in higher species. Further expanding the [11C]CO2 fixation method, five candidate radiotracers targeting MAGL were prepared in high radiochemical purity with sufficient yield and specific activity for conducting preclinical evaluations. Although none of these sufficiently penetrated the rodent brain, they represent rare examples for attempting to image this important neurological target with PET. Furthermore, the low nucleophilicity of the alcohol and amines used to prepare the [11C]carbamate- and [11C]urea-based radiotracers broadened the scope of the [11C]CO2 fixation method. Lastly, a [18F]fluoropropyl derivative of a reversibly-binding MAO-B inhibitor, SL25.1188, was synthesized in 52% radiochemical yield (uncorrected, based on [18F]F-) with a specific activity of 109 GBq/µmol and had high radiochemical purity (>98%); however, low MAO-B affinity and rapid metabolism in rat plasma led to poor brain uptake. Our efforts to expand the basic knowledge of new 11C- and 18F-labeled compounds to non-invasively probe important neurological enzyme targets are discussed herein.
Probing actin incorporation into myofibrils using Asp11 and His73 actin mutants (1993)

We used a cell free system Bouché et al.: J. Cell Biol. 107:587-596, 1988] to study the incorporation of actin into myofibrils. We used alpha-skeletal muscle actin and actins with substitutions of either His73 [Solomon and Rubenstein: J. Biol.Chem. 262:11382, 1987], or Asp11 [Solomon et al.: J. Biol. Chem. 263:19662, 1988]. Actins were translated in reticulocyte lysate and incubated with myofibrils. The incorporated wild type actin could be cross-linked into dimers using N,N'-1,4-phenylenebismaleimide (PBM), indicating that the incorporated actin is actually inserted into the thin filaments of the myofibril. The His73 mutants incorporated to the same extent as wild type actin and was also cross-linked with PBM. Although some of the Asp11 mutants co-assembled with carrier actin, only 1-3% of the Asp11 mutant actins incorporated after 2 min and did not increase after 2 hr. Roughly 17% of wild type actin incorporated after 2 min and 31% after 2 hr. ATP increased the release of wild type actin from myofibrils, but did not increase the release of Asp11 mutants. We suggest that (1) the incorporation of wild type and His73 mutant actins was due to a physiological process whereas association of Asp11 mutants with myofibrils was non-specific, (2) the incorporation of wild type actin involved a rapid initial phase, followed by a slower phase, and (3) since some of the Asp11 mutants can co-assemble with wild type actin, the ability to self-assemble was not sufficient for incorporation into myofibrils. Thus, incorporation probably includes interaction between actin and a thin filament associated protein. We also showed that incorporation occurred at actin concentrations which would cause disassembly of F-actin. Since the myofibrils did not show large scale disassembly but incorporated actin, filament stability and monomer incorporation are likely to be mediated by actin associated proteins of the myofibril.
Fast Hardware Computation of x Mod z (2011)

We show a high-speed hardware implementation of x mod z that can be pipelined in O(n - m) stages, where x is represented in n bits and z is represented in m bits. It is suitable for large x. We offer two versions. In the first, the value of z is fixed by the hardware. For example, using this circuit, we show a random number generator that produces more than 11 million random numbers per second on the SRC-6 reconfigurable computer. In the second, z is an independent input. This is suitable for RNS number system applications, for example. The second version can be pipelined in O(n) stages.
In Vivo Quantitation of Glucose Metabolism in Mice Using Small-Animal PET and a Microfluidic Device (2007)

With an automated microfluidic blood-sampling device, our studies showed that quantitative small-animal PET can be performed in mice routinely, reliably, and safely in a small-animal PET facility.
An Improved Method for the Synthesis of Gdp-Hexanolamine Derivatives, key Reagents for the Purification and Characterisation of Carbohydrate Processing Enzymes (1996)

ABSTRACT As part of our ongoing studies on the isolation and characterisation of α-(1,3)-fucosyltransferase (FucT) enzymes, an improved method for the synthesis and purification of the key biological tool GDP-hexanolamine (1a), together with detailed experimental conditions and product characterisation are reported. We demonstrate the viability of the product obtained, by its competitive inhibition of an α-(1,3)-fucosyltransferase. Subsequently, we are able to use it to derivatise a sepharose gel column which we show is highly efficient in the purification of a recombinant α-(1,3)-fucosyltransferase from a crude preparation. The GDP-hexanolamine is converted to the photoaffinity probe GDP-hexanolaminyl-4-azidosalicylate (1b), useful in the characterisation of fucosyltransferase enzymes. Notes Purchased from Sigma-Chemical Co., Fancy Road, Poole, Dorset, BH17 7NH, UK. Due to the inherent lability of this molecule, microanalytical data was not obtainable, and only one of the mass spectral techniques investigated (electrospray -ve) gave a molecular ion. High resolution mass spectrometry techniques failed to give a molecular ion.
On line cerebral blood flow velocity and blood pressure measurement in neonates: a new method. (1990)

To test the hypothesis that impairment of cerebral perfusion and cerebrovascular autoregulation play a part in the pathogenesis of neurological injury in the critically sick neonate, we tested in 33 infants a small, light-weight probe and cable that are attached to the infant's skin to record cerebral blood flow velocity from the middle cerebral artery over a period of hours. This considerably reduced the amount of handling of the infant compared with conventional assessment. Captured data were analysed and displayed graphically at the cotside. The system is applicable for use on infants over a wide range of gestational ages and may give information on the complex haemodynamic changes occurring in the cerebral circulation.
A theory of valve and circuit noise (1946)

The paper presents a fundamental theory of noise which the authors believe to be physically perspicuous and from which all the well-established formulae used in practice can be deduced by direct mathematical argument. Since these formulae almost all relate to mean-square noise in linear circuits, the theory will not be applied here to other problems, although its ideas are valuable in attacking more complicated problems.The subject is discussed under the following headings: (1) Introduction; (2) the basic postulate and the fundamental equations; (3) the “mean theorem” and the “mean-square theroem” (4) the calculation of mean-square noise; (5) thermal noise; (6) application to valve and circuit noise; (7) space-charge effects; and (8) transit-time effects.
Correction of the voice timbre distortions on telephone network (2001)

In a telephone link, the voice timbre is affected by the loss of low frequencies components and distortions due to the analog lines.We analyze first how the quantization noise limits the restoration of the timbre.Within this limitation, a method of equalization, inspired by the cepstral subtraction, is then proposed to correct the timbre and is validated by experimental results.sending system Customer's line receiving system Conversion A-law → Analog Conversion A-law → linear Conversion Analog → A-law Customer's line equalizer Conversion linear → A-law Digital network
[Effects of Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma on serum creatine kinase and ultrastructures of skeletal muscles in mice]. (1993)

The results showed that after mice were administrated with Cistanche deserticola, the duration of swimming was prolonged, and the increase of serum creative kinase was inhibited after exercises. Moreover, in the skeletal muscle ultrastructures it was found that after loaded swimming the glycogen became rich, and hyperplasia and hypertrophy of mitochondria occurred without any injury to myofibril.
Dual Effects of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide and Isoproterenol on Lipid Metabolism and Signaling in Primary Rat Adipocytes (2003)

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide that exerts its effects throughout the body by elevating the intracellular amounts of cAMP. In adipocytes, an increased amount of cAMP is associated with increased lipolysis. In this work we evaluated the effects of PACAP38 on triglyceride metabolism in primary rat adipocytes. Stimulation of adipocytes with PACAP (0.1-100 nm) resulted in stimulation of lipolysis to the same extent as isoproterenol. Lipolysis was blocked by 25 microm of the protein kinase A inhibitor H-89 and potentiated in the presence of 10 microm OPC3911, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor. In addition, PACAP38 induced activation of protein kinase A. Insulin efficiently inhibited PACAP38-induced lipolysis in a phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase and phosphodiesterase 3-dependent manner. Interestingly, we also found that PACAP38, as well as isoproterenol, induced potentiation of lipogenesis in the presence of insulin. These results show that PACAP38 and isoproterenol mediate catabolic as well as anabolic effects in adipocytes, depending on the concentration of insulin present. We speculate that in the early postprandial state and during fasting, when insulin levels are low, PACAP and beta-adrenergic catecholamines induce lipolysis, whereas when higher levels of insulin are present, these agents potentiate the anabolic effect of insulin, i.e. storage of triglycerides.
Longitudinal fMRI analysis: A review of methods. (2010)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) investigations of a longitudinal nature, where participants are scanned repeatedly over time and imaging data are obtained at more than one time-point, are essential to understanding functional changes and development in healthy and pathological brains. The main objective of this paper is to provide a brief summary of common longitudinal analysis approaches, develop an overview of fMRI by introducing how such data manifest, and explore the statistical challenges that arise at the intersection of these two techniques.
Frequent k- ras -2 mutations and p16INK4Amethylation in hepatocellular carcinomas in workers exposed to vinyl chloride (2001)

Vinyl chloride (VC) is a know animal and human carcinogen associated with liver angiosarcomas (LAS) and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). In VC-associated LAS mutations of the K- ras -2 gene have been reported; however, no data about the prevalence of such mutations in VC associated HCCs are available. Recent data indicate K- ras -2 mutations induce P16 methylation accompanied by inactivation of the p16 gene. The presence of K- ras -2 mutations was analysed in tissue from 18 patients with VC associated HCCs. As a control group, 20 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma due to hepatitis B (n = 7), hepatitis C (n = 5) and alcoholic liver cirrhosis (n = 8) was used. The specific mutations were determined by direct sequencing of codon 12 and 13 of the K- ras -2 gene in carcinomatous and adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissue after microdissection. The status of p16 was evaluated by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), microsatellite analysis, DNA sequencing and immunohistochemical staining. All patients had a documented chronic quantitated exposure to VC (average 8883 ppmy, average duration: 245 months). K- ras -2 mutations were found in 6 of 18 (33%) examined VC-associated HCCs and in 3 cases of adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissue. There were 3 G --> A point mutations in the tumour tissue. All 3 mutations found in non-neoplastic liver from VC-exposed patients were also G --> A point mutations (codon 12- and codon 13-aspartate mutations). Hypermethylation of the 5' CpG island of the p16 gene was found in 13 of 18 examined carcinomas (72%). Of 6 cancers with K- ras -2 mutations, 5 specimens also showed methylated p16. Within the control group, K- ras -2 mutation were found in 3 of 20 (15%) examined HCC. p16 methylation occurred in 11 out of 20 (55%) patients. K- ras -2 mutations and p16 methylation are frequent events in VC associated HCCs. We observed a K- ras -2 mutation pattern characteristic of chloroethylene oxide, a carcinogenic metabolite of VC. Our results strongly suggest that K- ras -2 mutations play an important role in the pathogenesis of VC-associated HCC.
THE THERMAL DISSOCIATION OF BARIUM PEROXIDE. (1912)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE THERMAL DISSOCIATION OF BARIUM PEROXIDE.Joel H. HildebrandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1912, 34, 3, 246–258Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1912Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1912https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02204a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02204a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Object fault handling for persistent programming languages (1993)

A key mechanism of a persistent programming language is its ability to detect and handle references to non-resident objects. Ideally, this mechanism should be hidden from the programmer, allowing the transparent manipulation of all data regardless of its potential lifetime. We term such a mechanism object faulting, in a deliberate analogy with page faulting in virtual memory systems. This paper presents a number of mechanisms for detecting and handling references to persistent objects, and evaluates their relative performance within an implementation of Persistent Smalltalk.
Reuse of compiler analysis in a programming environment (1989)

Productivity in the development of software can be increased by reusing code and design analysis. Following this approach we have developed an incremental optimizing compiler that reuses target code and compiler analysis. In order to be practical, it shares a database of information with other tools in a programming environment. The analysis performed by a compiler is reused to greatly reduce the recompilation time during program development and to incrementally produce target code that is optimized across a larger unit than the unit of recompilation. The resulting code is as optimized as that produced in a batch environment, while saving up to 96% of the time for recompilation. The database used in the incremental optimizing compiler is also useful for other tools in a programming environment and is an approach to solving the problems of debugging optimized code.
An analysis of Iraqi WMD strategy (2001)

(2001). An analysis of Iraqi WMD strategy. The Nonproliferation Review: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 25-39.
TUCUXI: The InTelligent Hunter Agent for Concept Understanding and LeXical ChaIning (2004)

In this paper we present TUCUXI, an intelligent hunter agent that replaces traditional keywords-based queries on the Web with a user-provided domain ontology, where meanings to be searched are not ambiguous. TUCUXI judges the relevance of the retrieved pages by matching the domain ontology against a simplified, but semantically rich, document representation (Map of Meanings). The Map of Meanings extraction involves the Lexical Chaining technique, from the Natural Language Processing (NLP) research field.