gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipid Membrane Adhesion and Fusion Driven by Designed, Minimally Multivalent Hydrogen-Bonding Lipids (2009)

Cyanuric acid (CA) and melamine (M) functionalized lipids can form membranes that exhibit robust hydrogen-bond driven surface recognition in water, facilitated by multivalent surface clustering of recognition groups and variable hydration at the lipid-water interface. Here we describe a minimal lipid recognition cluster: three CA or M recognition groups are forced into proximity by covalent attachment to a single lipid headgroup. This trivalent lipid system guides recognition at the lipid-water interface using cyanurate-melamine hydrogen bonding when incorporated at 0.1-5 mol percent in fluid phospholipid membranes, inducing both vesicle-vesicle binding and membrane fusion. Fusion was accelerated when the antimicrobial peptide magainin was used to anchor trivalent recognition, or when added exogenously to a preassembled lipid vesicle complex, underscoring the importance of coupling recognition with membrane disruption in membrane fusion. Membrane apposition and fusion were studied in vesicle suspensions using light scattering, FRET assays for lipid mixing, surface plasmon resonance, and cryo-electron microscopy. Recognition was found to be highly spatially selective as judged by vesicular adhesion to surface patterned supported lipid bilayers (SLBs). Fusion to SLBs was also readily observed by fluorescence microscopy. Together, these studies indicate effective and functional recognition of trivalent phospholipids, despite low mole percentage concentration, solvent competition for hydrogen bond donor/acceptor sites, and simplicity of structure. This novel designed molecular recognition motif may be useful for directing aqueous-phase assembly and biomolecular interactions.
Bovine viral diarrhea virus: characterization of a cytopathogenic defective interfering particle with two internal deletions (1996)

Molecular characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus pair 13 revealed that isolate CP13 is composed of a cytopathogenic (cp) defective interfering particle (DI13) and a noncytopathogenic (noncp) helper virus. The DI13 genome possesses two internal deletions of 1,611 and 3,102 nucleotides. Except for a small fragment of the gene coding for glycoprotein E1, all structural protein genes are deleted together with most of the Npro gene, the region coding for nonstructural proteins p7 and NS2. While the amino terminus of NS3 seems to be strictly conserved for all other cp bovine viral diarrhea viruses, NS3 of DI13 is amino-terminally truncated and fused to 23 amino acids derived from Npro and E1. Characterization of the DI-helper virus system revealed a striking discrepancy between RNA production and generation of infectious viruses.
Review: Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation (2008)

Tobacco dependence is a chronic relapsing disease that needs continuous treatment. In combination with behavioural support, pharmacotherapy is a proven key component for supporting smoking cessation. Effective drugs are available and recommended: nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion and varenicline. Much research into new pharmacological approaches is ongoing, combining 'old' and 'new' drugs and personalizing a pharmacological treatment for a single smoker/patient; other new medications and vaccines are in development. Overall, pharmacotherapy seems to have efficacy and cost-effectiveness in real life, thus physicians should become familiar with these medicines. Further efforts should be aimed at optimizing treatment management and increasing smoking cessation rates in the general population.
Experimental Test of Bell's Inequalities Using Time- Varying Analyzers (1982)

Correlations of linear polarizations of pairs of photons have been measured with time-varying analyzers. The analyzer in each leg of the apparatus is an acousto-optical switch followed by two linear polarizers. The switches operate at incommensurate frequencies near 50 MHz. Each analyzer amounts to a polarizer which jumps between two orientations in a time short compared with the photon transit time. The results are in good agreement with quantum mechanical predictions but violate Bell's inequalities by 5 standard deviations.
The simple method for predicting metabolic equivalents using heart rate in patients with cardiovascular disease (2018)

Metabolic equivalents Heart rate Cardiovascular diseaseExercise capacity is an important index to assess exercise stress in cardiac rehabilitation patients.Exercise capacity is generally expressed in units of metabolic equivalents (METs) calculated during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) using a ventilatory expired gas analysis system.While guidelines of academic association recommend conducting CPX to calculate METs [1,2], CPX induces heavy exercise stress and requires the use of equipment such as a cycle ergometer and treadmill, which is not always feasible in frail elderly patients or those with unstable circulation dynamics.The present study explored the possibility of predicting METs during exercise from heart rate (HR) of patients with cardiovascular disease.A total of 251 patients aged ≥18 years underwent CPX at the cardiac rehabilitation center of our hospital on an outpatient basis between April 2012 and August 2017.Of these, 243 patients with ischemic heart disease, valvular disease, and/or heart failure were included in this study.Patients with atrial fibrillation, implanted cardiac pacemakers or ventricular assist devices, and a history of orthopedic conditions or cerebrovascular diseases were excluded.Background factors including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diagnosis, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and
Macrophages and Transplant Rejection (2013)

In this issue of Transplantation, Ma et al. describe the protective effect of administering the c-fms kinase inhibitor upon cellular rejection, suggesting an important pathogenic role for macrophages. In contrast, no effect upon the development of humerol rejection was evident. The role of macrophages in rejection is discussed.
Scattering parameter and bit error rate characterization of high temperature superconducting coplanar transmission lines (1995)

We report the gigahertz experimental results of time and frequency performance on YBCO high temperature superconductor (HTS) and gold coplanar transmission lines. An on-wafer direct probing measurement system was used to collect data at cryogenic temperatures on both YBCO and gold coplanar lines. The insertion loss of the 6-cm lines at a frequency of 3.0 GHz was measured to be -0.12 dB for the superconducting line compared to -10.7 dB for the gold line at 80 K. Error rate and eye-diagram measurements were performed on the packaged lines and show the correlation between the insertion loss of the line and the attenuation of a Pseudo Random Bit Sequence (PBRS). The superconducting line measured at 77 K had a BER rate of less than 10/sup -11/ at a data rate of 3 Gb/s. The measured eye height was 350 mV for the YBCO compared to 100 mV for a gold line at 3 Gb/s and a temperature of 77 K for the packaged 6-cm lines.
Motor Cortical Correlates of Arm Resting in the Context of a Reaching Task and Implications for Prosthetic Control (2014)

Prosthetic devices are being developed to restore movement for motor-impaired individuals. A robotic arm can be controlled based on models that relate motor-cortical ensemble activity to kinematic parameters. The models are typically built and validated on data from structured trial periods during which a subject actively performs specific movements, but real-world prosthetic devices will need to operate correctly during rest periods as well. To develop a model of motor cortical modulation during rest, we trained monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ) to perform a reaching task with their own arm while recording motor-cortical single-unit activity. When a monkey spontaneously put its arm down to rest between trials, our traditional movement decoder produced a nonzero velocity prediction, which would cause undesired motion when applied to a prosthetic arm. During these rest periods, a marked shift was found in individual units' tuning functions. The activity pattern of the whole population during rest ( Idle state) was highly distinct from that during reaching movements ( Active state), allowing us to predict arm resting from instantaneous firing rates with 98% accuracy using a simple classifier. By cascading this state classifier and the movement decoder, we were able to predict zero velocity correctly, which would avoid undesired motion in a prosthetic application. Interestingly, firing rates during hold periods followed the Active pattern even though hold kinematics were similar to those during rest with near-zero velocity. These findings expand our concept of motor-cortical function by showing that population activity reflects behavioral context in addition to the direct parameters of the movement itself.
An Efficient, Practical Algorithm and Implementation for Computing Multiplicatively Weighted Voronoi Diagrams (2020)

We present a simple wavefront-like approach for computing multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagrams of points and straight-line segments in the Euclidean plane. If the input sites may be assumed to be randomly weighted points then the use of a so-called overlay arrangement [Har-Peled & Raichel, Discrete Comput. Geom. 53:547 - 568, 2015] allows to achieve an expected runtime complexity of 𝒪(n log⁴ n), while still maintaining the simplicity of our approach. We implemented the full algorithm for weighted points as input sites, based on CGAL. The results of an experimental evaluation of our implementation suggest 𝒪(n log² n) as a practical bound on the runtime. Our algorithm can be extended to handle also additive weights in addition to multiplicative weights, and it yields a truly simple 𝒪(n log n) solution for solving the one-dimensional version of this problem.
Molecular targeting of prostate cancer cells by a triple drug combination down-regulates integrin driven adhesion processes, delays cell cycle progression and interferes with the cdk-cyclin axis (2011)

Simultaneous targeting of several key proteins in prostate cancer cells provides an advantage over targeting a single pathway. Since strong anti-tumor properties became evident with respect to cell growth and adhesion dynamics, the triple drug combination might provide progress in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
Desulfation of Sulfated Carbohydrates Mediated by Silylating Reagents (1995)

Abstract Efficient methods of desulfation are often required in carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry. In addition to conventional desulfation methods,1,2 we recently reported a novel desulfation method employing a silylating reagent, N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)-acetamide.3,4 With this reagent, the 6-O-sulfoxyl groups of the sugar moiety are regioselectively removed and newly formed hydroxyl groups are further converted by silylation into trimethylsilyloxyl groups. The desulfated carbohydrates are easily recovered after desilylation with water or aqueous methanol. Although the mechanism for this reaction remains unclear, silylating reagents can be considered as potential reagents for desulfation reaction. In the present paper, we examined various silylating reagents to find effective and new desulfation reagents for carbohydrate sulfates.
Optimization of the CELP model in the LSP domain (2003)

This paper presents a new Analysis-by-Synthesis (AbS) technique for joint optimization of the excitation and model parameters based on minimizing the closed loop synthesis error instead of the linear prediction error. By minimizing the synthesis error, the analysis and synthesis stages become more compatible. Using a gradient descent algorithm, LSPs for a given excitation are optimized to minimize the error between the original and the synthesized speech. Since the optimization starts from the LPC solution, the synthesis error is guaranteed to be lower than that obtained using the LPC coefficients. For the ITU G.729 codec, there is about 1dB of improvement in the segmental SNR for male and female speakers over 4 to 6 second long sentences. By adding an extra optimization step, the technique can be incorporated into the LPC, multi-pulse LPC and CELP-type speech coders.
Effect of Carob Pod Extract on Cellulolysis, Proteolysis, Deamination, and Protein Biosynthesis in an Artificial Rumen (1965)

Carob pod extract and its tannin and sugar fractions were compared with gallotannic acid and sucrose for their effect on the cellulolytic, proteolytic, protein biosynthetic, and deaminative activities of rumen microorganisms. The inhibitory effects of carob pod extract upon the cellulolysis and deamination were correlated mainly with its sugar, rather than its tannin components. On the other hand, proteolytic activity and protein biosynthesis were more significantly affected by the tannin fraction. In contrast to the tannin fraction of carob pod extract, gallotannic acid inhibited cellulolytic activity. The harmful effect of a low concentration of tannins on protein biosynthesis could be prevented by the addition of carbohydrates to the reaction mixture. At high tannin concentration (40 mug/ml), however, the addition of carbohydrates did not prevent the inhibition.
Role of P63 (CKAP4) in binding of surfactant protein-A to type II pneumocytes (2008)

We have recently described a putative receptor for lung surfactant protein-A (SP-A) on rat type II pneumocytes. The receptor, P63, is a 63-kDa type II transmembrane protein. Coincubation of type II cells with P63 antibody (Ab) reversed the inhibitory effect of SP-A on secretagogue-stimulated surfactant secretion from type II cells. To further characterize SP-A interactions with P63, we expressed recombinant P63 protein in Escherichia coli and generated antibodies to P63. Immunogold electron microscopy confirmed endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane localization of P63 in type II cells with prominent labeling of microvilli. Binding characteristics of iodinated SP-A to type II cells in the presence of P63 Ab were determined. Binding (4°C, 1 h) of 125 I-SP-A to type II cells demonstrated both specific (calcium-dependent) and nonspecific (calcium-independent) components. Ab to P63 protein blocked the specific binding of 125 I-SP-A to type II cells and did not change the nonspecific SP-A association. A549 cells, a pneumocyte model cell line, expressed substantial levels of P63 and demonstrated specific binding of 125 I-SP-A that was inhibited by the P63 Ab. The secretagogue (cAMP)-stimulated increase in calcium-dependent binding of SP-A to type II cells was blocked by the presence of P63 Ab. Transfection of type II cells with small interfering RNA to P63 reduced P63 protein expression, attenuated P63-specific SP-A binding, and reversed the ability of SP-A to prevent surfactant secretion from the cells. Our results further substantiate the role of P63 as an SP-A receptor protein localized on the surface of lung type II cells.
Comprehensive Identification of Phosphorylation Sites in Postsynaptic Density Preparations (2006)

In the mammalian central nervous system, the structure known as the postsynaptic density (PSD) is a dense complex of proteins whose function is to detect and respond to neurotransmitter released from presynaptic axon terminals. Regulation of protein phosphorylation in this molecular machinery is critical to the activity of its components, which include neurotransmitter receptors, kinases/phosphatases, scaffolding molecules, and proteins regulating cytoskeletal structure. To characterize the phosphorylation state of proteins in PSD samples, we combined strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography with IMAC. Initially, tryptic peptides were separated by cation exchange and analyzed by reverse phase chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, which led to the identification of phosphopeptides in most SCX fractions. Because each of these individual fractions was too complex to characterize completely in single LC-MS/MS runs, we enriched for phosphopeptides by performing IMAC on each SCX fraction, yielding at least a 3-fold increase in identified phosphopeptides relative to either approach alone (SCX or IMAC). This enabled us to identify at least one site of phosphorylation on 23% (287 of 1,264) of all proteins found to be present in the postsynaptic density preparation. In total, we identified 998 unique phosphorylated peptides, mapping to 723 unique sites of phosphorylation. At least one exact site of phosphorylation was determined on 62% (621 of 998) of all phosphopeptides, and approximately 80% of identified phosphorylation sites are novel.
Highly Regioselective Palladium-Catalyzed β-Arylation of <i>N,N</i>-Dialkylallylamines (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTHighly Regioselective Palladium-Catalyzed β-Arylation of N,N-DialkylallylaminesKristofer Olofsson, Mats Larhed, and Anders HallbergView Author Information Department of Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box-574,SE−75123 Uppsala, Sweden Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 21, 7235–7239Publication Date (Web):September 19, 2000Publication History Received30 May 2000Published online19 September 2000Published inissue 1 October 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo000824zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo000824zbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views759Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Arylation,Electromagnetic radiation,Hydrocarbons,Palladium,Selectivity Get e-Alerts
Towards component-based software engineering of cloud applications (2012)

Component-based architectures are natural for Cloud computing. However, few current software development frameworks are exploiting this fact. A proof-of-the-concept implementation of an open-source Platform-as-a-service dedicated to the development of component-based applications is shortly presented in this paper.
Synthesis of adamantane derivatives. 42. Novel synthesis of 5-methylene-4-azahomoadamantane derivatives from 2-methyl-2-hydroxyadamantane and their carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of adamantane derivatives. 42. Novel synthesis of 5-methylene-4-azahomoadamantane derivatives from 2-methyl-2-hydroxyadamantane and their carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectraTadashi Sasaki, Shoji Eguchi, and Nao ToiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 20, 3810–3813Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00414a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00414a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views340Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Oxidation for Organic Synthesis (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction RuO4-Promoted Oxidation Oxidation with Low-Valent Ruthenium Catalysts and Oxidants References
Automatic, Noninvasive Intradialytic Clearance Measurement (1993)

The feasibility of non invasive, automatic intradialytic measurement of effective clearance is demonstrated by a mathematical derivation. In a practical setting the conductivity difference between dialysate inlet and outlet of the dialyzer is measured for two different dialysate inlet concentrations. This allows for the calculation of the electrolyte dialysance, which is equal to the effective urea clearance, provided dialysate flow, blood flow and blood electrolyte composition remain unchanged during the measuring interval.
Simultaneous measurement of O2 radicals and pulmonary vascular reactivity in rat lung (1989)

The role of endogenous radicals in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone was evaluated by simultaneous measurement of pulmonary artery pressure and lung radical levels during exposure of isolated rat lungs to varying inspired O2 concentrations (0-95%) and angiotensin II. Lung radical levels, measured "on-line" using luminol and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, decreased in proportion to the degree of alveolar hypoxia. Radical levels fell during hypoxia before the onset of pulmonary vasoconstriction and promptly returned to basal levels with restoration of normoxic ventilation. Mild alveolar hypoxia (10% O2), which failed to decrease chemiluminescence, did not trigger pulmonary vasoconstriction. Although chemiluminescence tended to decrease more as the hypoxic response strengthened, there was not a simple correlation between the magnitude of the change in chemiluminescence induced by hypoxia and the strength of the hypoxic pressor response. Normoxic chemiluminescence was largely inhibited by superoxide dismutase but not catalase. Superoxide dismutase also increased normoxic pulmonary vascular tone and the strength of the pressor response to hypoxia and angiotensin II. Thus the predominant activated O2 species in the lung, during normoxia, was the superoxide anion or a closely related substance. Alteration of endogenous radical levels can result in changes in vascular tone. It remains uncertain whether the decrease in lung radical production during hypoxia caused pulmonary vasoconstriction or was merely associated with hypoxic ventilation.