gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thyroid Hormone Ligands and Metabolic Diseases (2004)

Thyroid hormones regulate fundamental genes involved in the metabolism, development and homeostasis of vertebrates. The endogenous hormones, L-3, 5, 3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T(3)) and L-3, 5, 3', 5'-tetraiodo-L-thyronine (T(4)), are of limited use in pharmacological intervention, mainly due to cardiovascular liabilities. There exist two subtypes of thyroid hormone receptors (TR), alpha and beta, unequally distributed in the body. As TRalpha is most abundant in the heart and most effects of thyroid hormones on the heart are mediated through TRalpha, a reasonable strategy is the development of TR agonists that either are tissue selective or that interact selectively with TRbeta. The prospects for the treatment of metabolic diseases with such ligands are considerable and this review describes the massive efforts of the academic and industrial communities during the last decade. It is, however, the author's view that the development of selective ligands only is in its infancy, an opinion highlighted by the limited chemical structural variation of TR ligands as well as the present lack of TR ligands for the treatment of metabolic diseases in clinical phases.
The Effect Of Media Use Behavior On The Preference For Smartphone Specifications (2016)

The paper aims to analyze the effect of media use behavior of cellphone users on the preferences for cellphone specifications. Based on the survey data of the Korean Information Society Development Institute and data on hardware attributes of mobile phone models, we employed a mixed logit model for the estimation of the interactions between consumer attributes and product characteristics. Since cellphone producers are sensitive to cellphone customers’ preferences for hardware specifications, this study’s results can provide a clue to predict technological changes on cellphone hardware.
Untethered control of functional origami microrobots with distributed actuation (2020)

Deployability, multifunctionality, and tunability are features that can be explored in the design space of origami engineering solutions. These features arise from the shape-changing capabilities of origami assemblies, which require effective actuation for full functionality. Current actuation strategies rely on either slow or tethered or bulky actuators (or a combination). To broaden applications of origami designs, we introduce an origami system with magnetic control. We couple the geometrical and mechanical properties of the bistable Kresling pattern with a magnetically responsive material to achieve untethered and local/distributed actuation with controllable speed, which can be as fast as a tenth of a second with instantaneous shape locking. We show how this strategy facilitates multimodal actuation of the multicell assemblies, in which any unit cell can be independently folded and deployed, allowing for on-the-fly programmability. In addition, we demonstrate how the Kresling assembly can serve as a basis for tunable physical properties and for digital computing. The magnetic origami systems are applicable to origami-inspired robots, morphing structures and devices, metamaterials, and multifunctional devices with multiphysics responses.
Monte Carlo based Threat Assessment: Analysis and Improvements (2007)

This paper presents improvements and extensions of a previously presented threat assessment algorithm. The algorithm uses Monte Carlo simulation to find threats in a road scene. It is shown that by using a wider sample distribution and only apply the most likely samples from the Monte Carlo simulation for the threat assessment, improved results are obtained. By using this method more realistic paths will be chosen by the simulated vehicles and more complex traffic situations will be adequately handled. An improvement of the dynamic model is also suggested, which improves the realism of the Monte Carlo simulations. Using the new dynamic model less false positive and more valid threats are detected.
Disseminated <i>Ureaplasma</i> infection as a cause of fatal hyperammonemia in humans (2015)

Hyperammonemia syndrome is a fatal complication affecting immunosuppressed patients. Frequently refractory to treatment, it is characterized by progressive elevations in serum ammonia of unknown etiology, ultimately leading to cerebral edema and death. In mammals, ammonia produced during amino acid metabolism is primarily cleared through the hepatic production of urea, which is eliminated in the kidney. Ureaplasma species, commensals of the urogenital tract, are Mollicutes dependent on urea hydrolysis to ammonia and carbon dioxide for energy production. We hypothesized that systemic infection with Ureaplasma species might pose a unique challenge to human ammonia metabolism by liberating free ammonia resulting in the hyperammonemia syndrome. We used polymerase chain reaction, specialized culture, and molecular resistance profiling to identify systemic Ureaplasma infection in lung transplant recipients with hyperammonemia syndrome, but did not detect it in any lung transplant recipients with normal ammonia concentrations. Administration of Ureaplasma-directed antimicrobials to patients with hyperammonemia syndrome resulted in biochemical and clinical resolution of the disorder. Relapse in one patient was accompanied by recurrent Ureaplasma bacteremia with antimicrobial resistance. Our results provide evidence supporting a causal relationship between Ureaplasma infection and hyperammonemia, suggesting a need to test for this organism and provide empiric antimicrobial treatment while awaiting microbiological confirmation.
Fluorescent probe for Fe(iii) based on pyrene grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes by click reaction (2012)

The attempt to decorate carbon nanotubes with organic molecules to form new functional materials has attracted broad attention in the scientific community. Here, we report the covalent functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with pyrene via Cu(I)-catalysed azide/alkyne click (CuAAC) reactions under mild conditions to afford the nanocomposites of pyrene-MWCNTs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to characterize the nanocomposites of pyrene clicked MWCNTs. Experimental results indicate that the CuAAC reaction occurs in an efficient manner and the spacer linking MWCNTs and the photoactive molecule is well defined. In contrast to the noncovalent functionalization of π-π stacking, the nanocomposites of pyrene clicked MWCNTs show relatively strong fluorescence and have potential applicability in photoluminescent devices as a highly sensitive and selective fluorescence "turn-off" sensor for Fe(3+).
Effects of oat gum on blood cholesterol levels in healthy young men. (1995)

The cholesterol-lowering capacity of oat gum in healthy young men is weak. The effect of oat bran preparations on serum cholesterol levels cannot be estimated by the beta-glucan content but by measurement of the solubility and viscosity of the beta-glucan.
Computer simulations and performance measurements on a silicon strip detector for edge-on imaging (2000)

Silicon strip detectors to be used edge-on for imaging in a scanned slit geometry have been simulated. A software program was developed which can simulate the motion of free charges in the bulk detector and calculate the signals they induce on the electrodes. The purpose was to quantify the impact of charge sharing on system detective quantum efficiency (DQE). The energy spectrum that was used in this study is typical for mammography. The detectors are working in single photon counting mode and the optimal threshold level to discriminate noise from useful signals has been calculated. The loss in detective quantum efficiency due to charge sharing was found to be around 5% for a 100 /spl mu/m pitched detector. Coincidence circuits can be included in the electronics to eliminate this problem. Furthermore, it is described how the relationship between charge collection efficiency and photon interaction position in the detector can be measured.
Solvent and Chain Length Effects in the Non-catalyzed Hydrolysis of Some Alkyl and Aryl Trifluoroacetates (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent and Chain Length Effects in the Non-catalyzed Hydrolysis of Some Alkyl and Aryl TrifluoroacetatesArlo Moffat and Herschel HuntCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 9, 2082–2086Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01518a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01518a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views182Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antigen mRNA-transfected, allogeneic fibroblasts loaded with NKT-cell ligand confer antitumor immunity (2009)

The maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) in situ by danger signals plays a central role in linking innate and adaptive immunity. We previously demonstrated that the activation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells by administration of alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer)-loaded tumor cells can act as a cellular adjuvant through the DC maturation. In the current study, we used allogeneic fibroblasts loaded with alpha-GalCer and transfected with antigen-encoding mRNA, thus combining the adjuvant effects of iNKT-cell activation with delivery of antigen to DCs in vivo. We found that these cells produce antigen protein and activate NK and iNKT cells. When injected into major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched mice, they elicited antigen-specific T-cell responses and provided tumor protection, suggesting that these immune responses depend on host DCs. In addition, antigen-expressing fibroblasts loaded with alpha-GalCer lead to a more potent T-cell response than those expressing NK cell ligands. Thus, glycolipid-loaded, mRNA-transfected allogeneic fibroblasts act as cellular vectors to provide iNKT-cell activation, leading to DC maturation and T-cell immunity. By harnessing the innate immune system and generating an adaptive immune response to a variety of antigens, this unique tool could prove clinically beneficial in the development of immunotherapies against malignant and infectious diseases.
Intramolecular Wittig cyclization: a novel route to previously unknown 3-thia and 3-sulfinyl analogs of testosterone (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular Wittig cyclization: a novel route to previously unknown 3-thia and 3-sulfinyl analogs of testosteroneGary A. FlynnCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 22, 4125–4127Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00170a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00170a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Highly Cyclable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries with a Dual-Type Sulfur Cathode and a Lithiated Si/SiO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Nanosphere Anode (2015)

Lithium-sulfur batteries could become an excellent alternative to replace the currently used lithium-ion batteries due to their higher energy density and lower production cost; however, commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries has so far been limited due to the cyclability problems associated with both the sulfur cathode and the lithium-metal anode. Herein, we demonstrate a highly reliable lithium-sulfur battery showing cycle performance comparable to that of lithium-ion batteries; our design uses a highly reversible dual-type sulfur cathode (solid sulfur electrode and polysulfide catholyte) and a lithiated Si/SiOx nanosphere anode. Our lithium-sulfur cell shows superior battery performance in terms of high specific capacity, excellent charge-discharge efficiency, and remarkable cycle life, delivering a specific capacity of ∼750 mAh g(-1) over 500 cycles (85% of the initial capacity). These promising behaviors may arise from a synergistic effect of the enhanced electrochemical performance of the newly designed anode and the optimized layout of the cathode.
Selective <i>N</i>-Debenzylation of Benzylamino Derivatives of 1,6-Anhydro-β-<scp>d</scp>-hexopyranoses (2000)

When the series of 2-, 3-, and 4-(benzylamino)-2-, 3-, and 4-deoxy derivatives of 1,6-anhydro-beta-D-hexopyranoses in the D-gluco, D-lyxo, and D-arabino configurations were reacted with diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, N-benzyl groups were selectively cleaved in the presence of O-benzyl groups. The yields ranged from 51 to 97%. The debenzylation of some aliphatic benzylamines is also discussed.
Stereoselective syntheses of 1H-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindole-2,5(3H,9bH)-diones† (2001)

1H-Imidazo[2,1-a]isoindole-2,5(3H,9bH)-diones 6a–i are synthesized in 67–96% yields with high stereoselectivities (de 88–99%, except 6e with a 58% de value) via intermolecular condensation of 2-formylbenzoic acid (5) and α-amino amides 4a–i in the presence of a catalytic amount of toluene-p-sulfonic acid. Intermediates 4 are obtained in two steps from easily available chiral N-Boc-α-amino acids 1.
A Novel Secure Scheme for Supporting Complex SQL Queries over Encrypted Databases in Cloud Computing (2018)

With the advance of database-as-a-service (DaaS) and cloud computing, increasingly more data owners are motivated to outsource their data to cloud database for great convenience and economic savings. Many encryption schemes have been proposed to process SQL queries over encrypted data in the database. In order to obtain the desired data, the SQL queries contain some statements to describe the requirement, e.g., arithmetic and comparison operators (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mrow><mml:mo><</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>></mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>=</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>). However, to support different operators (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M9"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M10"><mml:mrow><mml:mo><</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M11"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>></mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M12"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>=</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>) in SQL queries over encrypted data, multiple encryption schemes need to be combined and adjusted to work together. Moreover, repeated encryptions will reduce the efficiency of execution. This paper presents a practical and secure homomorphic order-preserving encryption (FHOPE) scheme, which allows cloud server to perform complex SQL queries that contain different operators (such as addition, multiplication, order comparison, and equality checks) over encrypted data without repeated encryption. These operators are data interoperable, so they can be combined to formulate complex SQL queries. We conduct security analysis and efficiency evaluation of the proposed scheme FHOPE. The experiment results show that, compared with the existing approaches, the FHOPE scheme incurs less overhead on computation and communication. It is suitable for large batch complex SQL queries over encrypted data in cloud environment.
Tunable fs Laser Pulses from OPA with MHz Repetition Rate (2006)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Steinmann, A. Killi, G. Palmer, U. Morgner, H. Bartelt, and J. Kobelke, "Tunable fs Laser Pulses from OPA with MHz Repetition Rate," in Advanced Solid-State Photonics, Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2006), paper TuC6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Treatment of nasal septal perforations with a custom-made prosthesis (2008)

We present the fabrication and clinical use of a custom-made nasal septal silicone button that can be inserted transnasally into a perforation of the nasal septum by the physician as an office procedure, or by the patients themselves in their home. Questionnaire and retrospective chart review were used to evaluate the efficacy of this prosthesis as treatment of disturbing symptoms from nasal septal perforation. The study included 41 patients (27 women) with a nasal septal perforation. The follow-up time ranged from 1 to 9 years. Symptoms investigated were nasal obstruction, crusting, feeling of dryness, pain, epistaxis, and whistling from the nose. The degree of experienced symptoms was estimated on a VAS-scale. The questionnaire was answered by 37 of the 41 patients. Fourteen patients were still using their button at the follow-up. Treatment with the prosthesis greatly diminished all the investigated symptoms. Also, use of the silicone button resulted in an improved quality of life. No case of infection was noted in connection with use of the silicone prosthesis.
Goldenhar syndrome: a cause of secondary immunodeficiency? (2012)

Goldenhar syndrome (GS) results from an aberrant development of the 1st and 2nd branchial arches. There is a wide range of clinical manifestations, the most common being microtia, hemifacial microsomia, epibulbar dermoids and vertebral malformations. We present two cases of GS and secondary immunodeficiency due to anatomical defects characteristic of this disorder. Case 1 (3-year-old female) averaged 6 episodes of sinusitis and otitis media per year. Case 2 (7-year-old female) also had recurrent otitis media, an episode of bacterial pneumonia, and 2 episodes of bacterial meningitis. Their immune evaluation included a complete blood count with differential, serum immunoglobulin levels and specific antibody concentrations, lymphocyte phenotyping, and mitogen and antigen responses, the results of which were all within normal ranges. Both children demonstrated major structural abnormalities of the inner and middle ear structures, retention of fluid in mastoid air cells, and chronic sinusitis by computed tomography. These two cases illustrate how a genetically-associated deviation of the middle ear cleft can cause recurrent infections and chronic inflammation of the middle ear and adjacent sinuses, even meninges, leading to a greatly reduced quality of life for the child and parents.
Turn Off the IDO: Will Clinical Trials Be Successful? (2012)

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is overexpressed in many human cancers and is believed to play a role in tumor immune evasion, but a requirement for IDO in tumor progression has not been formally shown. The study by Smith and colleagues in this issue of Cancer Discovery provides genetic evidence for the importance of IDO in tumorigenesis, which supports the use of IDO inhibitors in clinical trials in humans.
Edge and bevel automated defect inspection for 300mm production wafers in manufacturing (2005)

In this paper, we describe a solution for wafer edge and bevel apex defect inspection for a 300 mm semiconductor automated fab. Traditionally, we have used an advanced macro inspection solution for topside wafer inspection. The automated tool revealed that defects surfacing after the back end of line (BEOL) copper chemical mechanical polish planarization (Cu CMP) process were significantly impacting yields. We suspected that particles and film on the edge and bevel were flaking off on to the top of the wafers, causing the yield degradation. However, we needed more information from the edge to confirm our hypothesis. Since offline manual edge analysis was not cost-effective for larger wafer sampling, we sought to develop an inline bevel inspection at the CMP sector that was fast, cost-effective, and integrated with the advanced macro inspection tool. We also established a long-term goal of expanding the process into an all-surfaces inspection within one manufacturing operation step. This paper describes how we integrated the top-down macro and edge bevel inspection into a single automated operation, enhancing data collection and our ability to take corrective action. The process includes full top and complete edge bevel inspection of less than 10 percent of each lot. Although we ran sample tests to inspect edges after numerous processes, this paper focuses on BEOL Cu CMP inspection, including data collection and corrective actions. We also highlight the benefits of edge inspection, and the new level of automated process control. As a result of edge inspection, we have taken corrective actions that have reduced defects on the edge bevel, and improved wafer final test yields by 10 percent from the baseline