gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of New Casing Treatment Configuration (2004)

Circumferential grooves over a rotor blade tips are used for improving axial flow compressor performances. Such casing treatment facility extends a stable operation range in most cases, but decreases compressor efficiency as a rule. There are presented results of parametric investigation of grooves of traditional and new configurations. Development of new groove constructions must permit combining of stable operation range extension with efficiency increase. Model on basis of Group Method of Data Handling may help designing groove configurations with improved performances.
INSECT REPELLENTS. III. N,N-DIETHYLAMIDES<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTINSECT REPELLENTS. III. N,N-DIETHYLAMIDES1E. T. McCABE, W. F. BARTHEL, S. I. GERTLER, and S. A. HALLCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 4, 493–498Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1954https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01369a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views579Altmetric-Citations115LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (317 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DNA‐mediated gene transfer as an indicator of DNA damage and its repair by recipient cells (1987)

Preparations of plasmid containing the thymidine kinase gene (pHSV106) were treated with the alkylating agents methyl methanesulphonate or N-methyl-N-nitrosourea prior to transfection into thymidine kinase-deficient mouse L-cells using the DNA-calcium phosphate co-precipitation technique. Relative to transfection with unmodified plasmid, a reduced transformation efficiency was observed using alkylation-damaged plasmid, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea causing the greatest inhibition. Treatment of recipient cells with arabinosyl cytosine or dideoxythymidine during the expression period following transfection by the 'damaged' plasmid reduced transformation efficiency, suggesting that DNA repair 4-6 h post-transfection was required for gene expression.
Copper nanoparticles synthesized by hydroxyl ion assisted alcohol reduction for conducting ink (2011)

A hydroxyl ion assisted alcohol reduction method has been applied for the preparation of copper nanoparticles with an average diameter of 10.5 nm and narrow size distribution. The addition of specific amounts of hydroxyl ions to the alcoholic solution is the key to enhance the reducing potential of alcohols to obtain metal copper from their salts even with 1-butanol. The synthesis of copper metal was realized through intermediate steps corresponding to the formation of copper oxides (CuO and Cu2O). The obtained nanoparticles were coated with necessary surfactants and dispersed in organic solvent such as dodecane to prepare conducting ink. Samples annealed at 250 °C in nitrogen and vacuum atmosphere showed electrical resistivity of 26 and 35 µΩ cm, respectively.
Talking to judges about the art of judging: an annotated performance text (2009)

We performed this paper at the Judicial Reasoning: Art or Science? conference held at the Australian National University in February 2009. We were performing on at least two levels: as academics and editors of a collection of judicially-authored essays on the art of judging but also, as we proclaimed at the outset, as Jester and Fool. We did not appear in costume as jesters or fools. We did not even appear as fairies, although one of us is well-known at Southern Cross University for donning fairy wings and fairy tales featured in this performance (as did sheep, land rights and playfulness). But then, our audience of judges had also left their costumes behind; there were no wigs or robes. They were in civilian clothes, recognisable only as judges through name tags. They were, in fact, unmasked.
Silencing a Candidate Nematode Effector Gene Corresponding to the Tomato Resistance Gene <i>Mi-1</i> Leads to Acquisition of Virulence (2008)

The Mi-1 gene in tomato confers effective resistance against several species of root-knot nematode, including Meloidogyne javanica. A strain of M. javanica that can reproduce on tomato with Mi-1 was obtained from a culture of an avirulent strain after greenhouse selection. DNA blots and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis indicated that the two nematode strains are closely related. Expression patterns visualized as cDNA AFLPs were nearly identical except for a cDNA fragment, Cg-1, that was present in the avirulent strain but not in the virulent strain. DNA blots showed that Cg-1 corresponds to a member of a small gene family with one or more copies missing in the virulent strain compared with the avirulent strain. Except for the presence of a histone stem loop near the 3' end of the transcript, Cg-1 shows no similarity to other sequences in GenBank. The longest open reading frame is 32 amino acids and initiates at the fourth AUG in the predicted transcript. When nematode juveniles of the Mi-1-avirulent strain were soaked in dsRNA corresponding to part of the predicted Cg-1 transcript, they produced progeny that were virulent on tomato carrying the Mi-1 gene, strongly suggesting that Cg-1 is required in the nematode for Mi-1-mediated resistance.
Field Evaluation of the Effect of a Probiotic‐containing <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Spores on the Health Status, Performance, and Carcass Quality of Grower and Finisher Pigs (2004)

The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of BioPlus 2B, a probiotic containing Bacillus licheniformis and B. subtilis spores, on the health status and productivity of pigs, during weaning, growing and finishing stages of growth. On a commercial farrow-to-finish farm, five experimental groups were formed, each of 54 weaned piglets. The pigs of the first group (double controls) received normal feed with no probiotic and the pigs of the second group (untreated controls) received BioPlus 2B only during the weaning stage. The pigs of the third, the fourth and the fifth group received the same as the second group feed but, at the growing and at a part of the finishing stages, supplemented with three different doses of Bioplus 2B, a low, medium and high dose, respectively. The results have shown that, compared with the double controls, BioPlus 2B-treated pigs had a lower morbidity and mortality during the whole trial period, compared with the double controls (range from 9.26 to 14.81% versus 25.93% and from 0.00 to 3.70% versus 11.1%, respectively), as a result of the lower incidence of post-weaning diarrhoea due mainly to Escherichia coli. Weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass quality of the BioPlus 2B-treated pigs were significantly improved compared with the double controls, whilst the beneficial effects of the probiotic were more pronounced when the medium and high doses were used.
Secure Authentication and Four-Way Handshake Scheme for Protected Individual Communication in Public Wi-Fi Networks (2018)

This paper proposes a secure key exchange scheme for Wi-Fi protected access II pre-shared key (WPA2-PSK)-based public Wi-Fi networks. The existing public Wi-Fi networks have several vulnerabilities, which are caused by eavesdropping stations in the same network. The main problem is that all stations in the same network have the same pre-shared key after the association. The attackers can derive an encryption key by eavesdropping on the four-way handshake procedure. Thus, we apply an elliptic curve public key cryptography concept to the proposed scheme to keep the key safe. In the proposed scheme, only an access point (AP) has its public key and private key pair. The proposed scheme solves the problem by exchanging a secondary key that each user determines or generated in the station during the authentication procedure. In the proposed scheme, the secondary key is encrypted by a station before it is transmitted to the AP. The AP can only decrypt the encrypted authentication message using its private key. By using the secondary key, each user can generate a unique pre-shared key and other following keys, which are derived from the four-way handshake procedure. Therefore, the exchange of the secondary key can defend against attacks from the malicious station in the same network. The safety of the proposed scheme is analyzed by several attack scenarios defined in this paper. Consequently, the proposed scheme provides more security level, 192 bits or 256 bits, compared with the conventional WPA2-PSK-based public Wi-Fi networks.
Rapid-thermal-oxidized porous Si−The superior photoluminescent Si (1992)

To improve the stability of porous Si (PS) prepared by electrochemical etching, we make use of rapid-thermal oxidation (RTO). During RTO processing, the hydride coverage of the internal surfaces of the pores is replaced by a high-quality oxide while retaining nm-sized Si grains. With increasing process temperature Tox the luminescence is first quenched. It is recovered with comparable intensity for Tox≥700 °C.
Determining addiction ‐ genes and substance use (2005)

Does having alcoholic parents make you more susceptible to alcohol problems? Why do some people develop drink or drug problems while others in the same family do not? How much can genetic research tell us about why drink and drugs can affect people in so many different ways? With genetic research discovering increasing links with behaviour we invited two of the leading addiction and gene researchers to explain the science. Tamara Phillips and John Crabbe uncover the ever‐emerging world of genetic research and addiction theory.
3D‐QSAR‐Based Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, and Molecular Docking Studies for Identification of Tubulin Inhibitors with Potential Anticancer Activity (2021)

In this study, we aimed to develop a pharmacophore-based three-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship (3D-QSAR) for a set including sixty-two cytotoxic quinolines (1-62) as anticancer agents with tubulin inhibitory activity. A total of 279 pharmacophore hypotheses were generated based on the survival score to build QSAR models. A six-point pharmacophore model (AAARRR.1061) was identified as the best model which consisted of three hydrogen bond acceptors (A) and three aromatic ring (R) features. The model showed a high correlation coefficient (<i>R</i> <sup>2</sup> = 0.865), cross-validation coefficient (<i>Q</i> <sup>2</sup> = 0.718), and <i>F</i> value (72.3). The best pharmacophore model was then validated by the Y-Randomization test and ROC-AUC analysis. The generated 3D contour maps were used to reveal the structure activity relationship of the compounds. The IBScreen database was screened against AAARRR.1061, and after calculating ADMET properties, 10 compounds were selected for further docking study. Molecular docking analysis showed that compound STOCK2S-23597 with the highest docking score (-10.948 kcal/mol) had hydrophobic interactions and can form four hydrogen bonds with active site residues.
Definition of a depth of anaesthesia index using fuzzy inductive reasoning (FIR) (2003)

The objective of this study was the definition of a depth of anaesthesia index using measured data of Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEP). Middle Latency AEP are described in a number of articles as a promising measure of anaesthetic depth. However both extraction and interpretation of AEP have several unsolved problems. The extraction is usually done by Moving Time Averaging (MTA) over a vast number of sweeps, which produces a delay of typically one-minute. This problem was addressed by applying a system identification model, an Auto Regressive Model with Exogenous input (ARX) which enables extraction of the AEP within 15 sweeps. The interpretation is frequently done by visual inspection of the latency of the Nb peak of the AEP. Instead of this a FIR model, which includes the changes in both amplitudes and latencies, was applied. The results showed that it was possible to classify the AEP into five classes corresponding to the states, awake, drowsy, light anaesthesia, anaesthesia and deep anaesthesia.
The Products of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Immediate Early Genes 1, 2 and 3 Can Activate HSV-1 Gene Expression in trans (1986)

Expression of the early and late genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) during infection of tissue culture cells requires the prior expression of the immediate early (IE) genes. The requirement for the product of IE gene 3, Vmw175, for the activation of early promoters has been revealed by studies with temperature-sensitive virus mutants. Recent experiments using transfection assays have shown that both Vmw175 and the product of IE gene 1, Vmw110, are involved in the transactivation of a variety of HSV-1 early promoters. This paper describes experiments which compared the activation of two early promoters [those of the glycoprotein gD and thymidine kinase (tk) genes] with that of a member of a later class of genes (the major capsid protein, VP5). Plasmids containing these promoters linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene were transfected into HeLa cells with plasmids containing one or more HSV-1 IE genes. Promoter activity was estimated by measurement of CAT activity in extracts of transfected cells. The gD and tk promoters were activated by both Vmw175 and Vmw110, and the combination of these two IE gene products resulted in very high levels of activation. Addition of further IE gene products did not result in any significant increase in the activation seen with the combination of Vmw175 and Vmw110. In contrast, the activation of the VP5 promoter brought about by the combination of Vmw175 and Vmw110 was relatively slight, but was increased further when plasmids containing IE gene 2, encoding Vmw63, were included in the transfection. These data suggest that Vmw63, like Vmw175 and Vmw110, is also involved in the activation of transcription from HSV-1 promoters. The effect of Vmw63 may be limited to the activation of a subset of HSV-1 genes.
The central nervous system as an immunocompetent organ: role of glial cells in antigen presentation (1996)

The central nervous system has the capacity to initiate and regulate immune responses by allowing restricted entry of peripheral immune cells and providing a microenvironment that is conducive to the activation of immune effector cells. In this commentary, we discuss the ability of two glial cell types, astrocytes and microglia, to function as APCs. In particular, we focus on the phenotypic and functional distinctions between astrocytes and microglia that may contribute to their differing abilities to effectively present Ag to CD4+ cells.
Innovative activity in rural areas: the importance of local and regional characteristics (2006)

Innovation, supported by a developed and active entrepreneurial system, long has been recognized as critical to regional economic competitiveness. Innovation also plays an essential role for rural economic development as these regions respond to the challenges of competing in the global economy. Barkley and Henry identify assets that contribute to nonmetro innovation ?hot spots.?
A review on restoration of seismic wavefields based on regularization and compressive sensing (2011)

Restoration of seismic data as an ill-posed inverse problem means to recover the complete wavefields from sub-sampled data. Since seismic data are typically sparse in the curvelet domain, this problem can be solved based on the compressive sensing theory. Meanwhile three major problems are modelling, sampling and solving methods. We first construct l0 and l1 minimization models and then develop fast projected gradient methods to solve the restoration problem. For seismic data interpolation/restoration, the regular sub-sampled data will generate coherence aliasing in the frequency domain, while the random sub-sampling cannot control the largest sampling gap. Therefore, we consider a new sampling technique in this article which is based on the controlled piecewise random sub-sampling scheme. Numerical simulations are made and compared with the iterative soft thresholding method and the spectral gradient-projection method. It reveals that the proposed algorithms have the advantages of high precision, robustness and fast calculation.
<sup>18</sup>F‐Labeled benzylpiperazine derivatives as highly selective ligands for imaging σ<sub>1</sub> receptor with positron emission tomography (2019)

We report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new series of benzylpiperazine derivatives as selective σ<sub>1</sub> receptor ligands. All seven ligands possessed low nanomolar affinity for σ<sub>1</sub> receptors (K<sub>i</sub> (σ<sub>1</sub> ) = 0.31-4.19 nM) and high subtype selectivity (K<sub>i</sub> (σ<sub>2</sub> )/K<sub>i</sub> (σ<sub>1</sub> ) = 50-2448). The fluoroethoxy analogues also exhibited high selectivity toward the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (K<sub>i</sub> (VAChT)/K<sub>i</sub> (σ<sub>1</sub> ) = 99-18252). The corresponding radiotracers [<sup>18</sup> F]13, [<sup>18</sup> F]14, and [<sup>18</sup> F]16 with high selectivity (K<sub>i</sub> (σ<sub>2</sub> )/K<sub>i</sub> (σ<sub>1</sub> ) > 100, K<sub>i</sub> (VAChT)/K<sub>i</sub> (σ<sub>1</sub> ) > 1000) were prepared in 42% to 55% radiochemical yields (corrected for decay), greater than 99% radiochemical purity (RCP), and molar activity of about 120 GBq/μmol at the end of synthesis (EOS). All three radiotracers showed high initial brain uptake in mouse (8.37-11.48% ID/g at 2 min), which was not affected by pretreatment with cyclosporine A, suggesting that they are not substrates for permeability-glycoprotein (P-gp). Pretreatment with SA4503 or haloperidol resulted in significantly reduced brain uptake (35%-62% decrease at 30 min). In particular, [<sup>18</sup> F]16 displayed high brain-to-blood ratios and high in vivo metabolic stability. Although it may not be an optimal neuroimaging agent because of its slow kinetics in the mouse brain, [<sup>18</sup> F]16 can serve as a lead compound for further structural modifications to explore new potential radiotracers for σ<sub>1</sub> receptors.
The thermal deprotection process in an e‐beam exposed phenolic‐based polymer (1992)

Abstract In our current work, we have examined the e‐beam sensitivity and thermal processing behavior of pure PBOCST [poly(tert‐butoxycarbonyloxystyrene)]. An alkali soluble latent image can be generated in the PBOCST by e‐beam exposure followed by a post‐exposure bake (PEB) at relatively high temperatures (140 to 150°C). Pattern wet development operates on the same basis as a PBOCST/acid generator two component system. Deprotection, accelerated by the exposure, yields alkali soluble areas, while unexposed areas remain insoluble. Sensitivities of 5 to 10°C/cm 2 and contrasts of 6 to 10 have been measured. Complete TBOC deprotection results in a film thickness loss of 35 to 40% as CO 2 and isobutene are evolved. A laser interferometer/hotplate setup was used to track film thickness with time during the thermal deprotection process. IR analysis confirmed the correlation between conversion and thickness. It was found that a slow initial conversion rate was followed an exponentially steep rise in rate after 50% conversion. Activation energies were on the order of 30 kcal/mol. It was concluded that thermolysis in both exposed and unexposed resist occurred during the PEB, but that the difference in extent of conversion on exposure was sufficient to generate a pattern.
Development of Textured Mullite by Templated Grain Growth (1999)

Highly textured mullite was obtained by enhancing anisotropic grain growth by TiO 2 doping and by templating grain growth on oriented acicular mullite seed particles in a mullite precursor. Upon heating, the mullite precursor crystallized and densified to an equiaxed microstructure of 1‐2 µm mullite grains at which time the mullite seed particles grew rapidly in the length direction ( c ‐axis) to produce a highly textured microstructure. By changing the seed (template) particle concentration, a range of oriented microstructures and anisotropic grains could be produced.
Chain Mixing and Segregation in B−C and C−D Diblock Copolymer Micelles (2005)

In a block-selective solvent for the B and D blocks of two diblock copolymers B−C and C−D, both diblocks should form micelles. Normally chains of the different diblocks do not mix significantly or comicellize for repulsion between the B and D coronal chains. This paper describes the tagging of the C blocks by adenine (A) and thymine (T), a H-bonding nucleic acid pair, to enhance mixing of the different diblock chains in a micelle. This enhancement effect has been observed in the premixed micelles prepared by first mixing the two diblocks in a solvent good for all of the three blocks and then adding a block-selective solvent for B and D. The A and T tagging has been shown also to enhance mixing of chains of different diblocks among the premade or the initially pure B−C and C−D micelles. While the A and T tagging helped give mixed micelles or micelles consisting of chains of both diblocks, the intrinsic repulsion between the B and D chains made them segregate into interesting patterns, including being two-faced and flowerlike in the coronas of the mixed premade micelles. Mixed micelles with surface-segregated chains may have intriguing applications.
In-plane refocusing of a microtips electron beam by a surrounding ring (2002)

A strong electron beam refocusing effect has been observed with a ring surrounding a single microtip or a small array of tips centered on the ring without significant reduction of the emitted current, which is an inherent problem of double-gate refocusing. By contrast, it seems difficult to obtain a significant refocusing effect for a large array of microtips (like those, for example, used to illuminate a pixel in a field emission display) with a single ring. It appears that modifying the gate lithography in the classical diode fabrication process is not good enough to obtain an effective structure, because the connection of the gate induces a dramatic dissymetry in the refocusing effect, and because a current is observed between extraction gate and focusing ring. Hence, we believe that effective refocusing of the beam can be obtained only at the price of a more complicated fabrication process.