gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence for auto/paracrine actions of vitamin D in bone: 1a‐hydroxylase expression and activity in human bone cells (2006)

Vitamin D is an important regulator of mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism. 1Alpha-hydroxylation of 25-(OH)D3 to form the bioactive vitamin D hormone, 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3, is classically considered to take place in the kidney. However, 1alpha-hydroxylase has been reported at extrarenal sites. Whether bone is a 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 synthesizing tissue is not univocal. The aim of this study was to investigate an autocrine/paracrine function for 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 in bone. We show that 1alpha-hydroxylase is expressed in human osteoblasts, as well as the vitamin D binding protein receptors megalin and cubilin. Functional analyses demonstrate that after incubation with the 1alpha-hydroxylase substrate 25-(OH)D3, the osteoblasts can produce sufficient 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 to modulate osteoblast activity, resulting in induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin (OC) and CYP24 mRNA expression, and mineralization. The classical renal regulators of 1alpha-hydroxylase, parathyroid hormone, and ambient calcium do not regulate 1alpha-hydroxylase in osteoblasts. In contrast, interleukin (IL)-1beta strongly induces 1alpha-hydroxylase. Besides the bone-forming cells, we demonstrate 1alpha-hydroxylase activity in the bone resorbing cells, the osteoclasts. This is strongly dependent on osteoclast inducer RANKL. This study showing expression, activity, and functionality of 1alpha-hydroxylase unequivocally demonstrates that vitamin D can act in an auto/paracrine manner in bone.
An 18 GHz Bandwidth, 60 GS/s Sample Rate Real-time Waveform Digitizing System (2007)

A new method is described that provides for large increases in performance of real-time waveform digitizers. This method employs a unique mixture of microwave and digital signal processing (DSP) techniques. The use of this new architecture in the design of the fastest real-time waveform digitizer in the world is described in detail.
Research on terrorism: An overview of theoretical perspectives (2012)

Since the bombing of New York and Washington in 2001, literature on terrorism has surge as researchers engage in theoretical perspectives in order to account for the increasing trend of terrorism in the contemporary world. However, theories from psychology, economics, sociology and other aspect of social sciences were deployed to understand the phenomenon and to formulate appropriate policy response. A review of the evidence indicates that despite the contributions of these theories, intellectual puzzles as to why do ‘terrorist’ do what they do; and class dimension of terrorism have either not been adequately addressed or escape scholarly attention. These knowledge gaps show that new possibilities are opening up, and scholars are yet to take on this new dimension of terrorism. The paper concludes that further research on the aforementioned gap is needed as far as the future of terrorism studies is concerned.
Pullulanase-Amylase Complex Enzyme from<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1987)

Journal Article Pullulanase-Amylase Complex Enzyme from Bacillus subtilis Get access Yoshiyuki Takasaki Yoshiyuki Takasaki Fermentation Research Institute, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1–1–3, Azume, Yatabe- machi, Tsukuba-gun, Ibaraki, Japan 305 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 51, Issue 1, 1 January 1987, Pages 9–16, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1987.10867996 Published: 01 January 1987 Article history Received: 07 April 1986 Published: 01 January 1987
Application of high‐resolution capillary array electrophoresis with automated fraction collection for GeneCalling™ analysis of the yeast genomic DNA (2003)

Capillary array instrument was applied to transcript profiling of the yeast genomic DNA using GeneCalling trade mark chemistry. The instrument integrated a 12-capillary array for DNA separation with a replaceable sieving matrix, laser-induced fluorescence detection and an automated microfraction collector. The DNA fractions, exiting the separation capillaries, were continuously deposited in a 1536-well collection plate made of agarose gel. DNA fragments recovered from selected fractions were cloned and then sequenced. Over 80% of theoretically predicted fragments could be recovered in the collected fractions, cloned and sequenced with an average redundancy of threefold. Excellent correlation of the experimentally obtained sequences with the theoretically predicted gene fragments demonstrated the suitability of capillary array electrophoresis for micropreparative recovery of DNA fragments. This approach, useful especially for rapid DNA expression profiling of unknown genes for nonsequenced organisms, demonstrates the practical capability of the prototype multicapillary fraction collector.
Synchronous control of linear servo systems for CNC machine tools (2003)

This paper presents a synchronous control scheme for a high-speed machine tool using linear servomotors. The gantry machine tool is mainly composed of three linear servomotors: one for the X-axis and the other two as a parallel pair for the Y-axis. The advantage of such a structure with two parallel linear servomotors for a single axis is to enable the machine to operate at high speed and acceleration and to increase the stiffness and precision. However, the major concern is the precisely synchronous movement of the pair of linear servomotors, and to overcome this problem, a master/slave control technique is applied. Repetitive control for periodic errors compensation is also considered here. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control systems.
Herramientas para diagnosticar enfermedades animales (2005)

While traditional testing methods are still widely used in veterinary diagnostic laboratories exciting new technologies, such as biosensors and microarray techniques, are being developed. Nucleic acid diagnostic techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have become routine diagnostic tools in veterinary laboratories not only to make specific typing determinations but also to rapidly screen large numbers of samples during disease outbreaks. In addition, nanotechnologies, although not yet implemented in veterinary laboratories, hold the promise of screening for numerous pathogens in a single assay. Other biotechnologies are likely to be widely used in the future as they can improve diagnostic capabilities while reducing the time and perhaps, the costs, associated with conventional technologies. This paper describes some of these new technologies and concludes that although a lot of developmental work is still required, biotechnology and its applications hold great promise for improving the speed and accuracy of diagnostics for veterinary pathogens.
Mutants of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Trp repressor with changes of conserved, helix‐turn‐helix residue threonine 81 have altered DNA‐binding specificities (1994)

Threonine is found at the third position of the second alpha-helix in the helix-turn-helix motifs of most bacterial DNA-binding proteins. To investigate the role of this conserved residue in Escherichia coli Trp repressor function, plasmids encoding mutant Trp repressors with each of the 19 amino acid changes of Thr-81 were made by site-directed mutagenesis. All 19 changes decrease the activity of Trp holorepressor, indicating that the Thr-81 side-chain is critical for TrpR function. Three mutant repressors, Ser-81, Lys-81 and Arg-81, retain partial DNA-binding activity and inhibit transcription from the wild-type trp promoter/operator complex; challenge-phage assays show that Ser-81 and Lys-81 holorepressors have altered DNA-binding specificities. The side-chain of Thr-81 may make direct contacts with base pairs 4 and 3 of the trp operator, consistent with the nuclear magnetic resonance solution structures of the holorepressor-operator complex.
Reinforcement of a Surfactant Boundary Lubricant Film by a Hydrophilic−Hydrophilic Diblock Copolymer (2008)

The coadsorption from aqueous solutions of an anionic-neutral hydrophilic-hydrophilic diblock copolymer onto a mica-suported surfactant bilayer of a cationic oligomeric surfactant has been investigated. By using an atomic force microscope and a surface forces apparatus nanotribometer, we studied the resulting film morphology, the interactions between two coated surfaces, and the frictional properties of the boundary film. When the coated surfaces were compressed while being fully immersed in an aqueous surfactant solution, the hemifusion of the adsorbed surfactant bilayers could be easily induced. Noticeable friction forces could then be measured between the monolayer-coated surfaces. Coadsorbing poly(acrylic acid)-poly(acrylamide) diblock copolymer with the cationic surfactant changes the cohesion of the adsorbed layers. When the copolymer concentration is sufficiently high, the hemifusion instability of the adsorbed layers can be inhibited, considerably improving its lubricant properties.
Detection of Phantom Arrhythmias and Evanescent Electrocardiographic Abnormalities (1965)

Phantom arrhythmias and evanescent cardiac abnormalities may cause distressing symptoms, but unless the electrocardiogram is recorded during the event, the diagnosis will escape the clinician. The recent introduction of the Holter monitor for electrocardiographic monitoring for periods up to ten hours in the patient's native environment allows the clinician to detect these pathological states. Instances of neurological symptoms due to cerebrovascular insufficiency and chest pain due to coronary insufficiency detected by this monitoring system suggests that many episodes of hemodynamic crises escape detection by the clinician.
A novel solid-state HPM source based on a gyromagnetic NLTL and SOS-based pulse generator (2011)

High power RF pulses at a frequency of up to 1 GHz have been produced using a fully solid state system that consists of a gyromagnetic NLTL and a solid state pulse forming circuit. The novel sgyromagnetic NLTL and a solid state pulse forming circuit. The novel solid state SOS diode-based driver produces sub-10ns pulses of the order of 100 kV. The pulse generator is capable of running at pulse repetition frequencies from 100 Hz continuous up to 2 kHz in burst mode, with a rise-time of a few nanoseconds. The gyromagnetic NLTL is a solid state RF source that consists of an oil-insulated coaxial transmission line, which is loaded with ferrite cores and housed within a solenoid electromagnet coil. The solenoid is used to apply a DC bias to the ferrite material to control the level of RF generation. The system has been operated at peak RF power output levels of around 90 MW. We present details of the pulse generator, the gyromagnetic NLTL, diagnostics, calibration methods and performance of the system. We also compare the results to predictionsolid state SOS diode-based driver produces sub-10ns pulses of the order of 100 kV. The pulse generator is capable of running at pulse repetition frequencies from 100 Hz continuous up to 2 kHz in burst mode, with a rise-time of a few nanoseconds. The gyromagnetic NLTL is a solid state RF source that consists of an oil-insulated coaxial transmission line, which is loaded with ferrite cores and housed within a solenoid electromagnet coil. The solenoid is used to apply a DC bias to the ferrite material to control the level of RF generation. The system has been operated at peak RF power output levels of around 90 MW. We present details of the pulse generator, the gyromagnetic NLTL, diagnostics, calibration methods and performance of the system. We also compare the results to predictions made from theoretical models of gyromagnetic interactions.
Thymosin ß4 promotes human conjunctival epithelial cell migration (2002)

Tbeta4 stimulates in vitro conjunctival epithelial cell migration, and results in altered focal adhesion formation and increased extracellular laminin-5 deposition. The increased migration may be correlated with increased production of laminin-5.
Cloning, chromosomal location and functional expression of the human voltage‐dependent calcium‐channel β3 subunit (1994)

A novel human-voltage-dependent-calcium-channel (VDCC) beta subunit was isolated from a 9-week-old human total-embryo cDNA library. Of the four genes encoding beta-subunit isoforms that have been identified in animal species, this isoform shares strong similarity with the rat and rabbit beta 3-related gene product and is referred to here as H beta 3 subunit. The H beta 3 isoform is the second beta subunit identified in human. Its open reading frame encodes a 482-amino-acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 54.571 kDa. The H beta 3 mRNA is expressed mostly in brain, smooth muscle and ovary. The gene for the human H beta 3 was specifically localized on chromosome 12q13. The cloned H beta 3 subunit was further expressed in Xenopus oocytes to demonstrate its ability to modulate VDCC activity.
Improving human decision making through case-based decision aiding (1991)

Case-based reasoning provides both a methodology for building systems and a cognitive model of people. It is consistent with much that psychologists have observed in the natural problem solving people do. Psychologists have also observed, however, that people have several problems in doing analogical or case-based reasoning. Although they are good at using analogs to solve new problems, they are not always good at remembering the right ones. However, computers are good at remembering. I present case-based decision aiding as a methodology for building systems in which people and machines work together to solve problems. The case-based decision-aiding system augments the person's memory by providing cases (analogs) for a person to use in solving a problem. The person does the actual decision making using these cases as guidelines. I present an overview of case-based decision aiding, some technical details about how to implement such systems, and several examples of case-based systems.
Can lithium-heparin plasma be used for protein electrophoresis and paraprotein identification? (2005)

Ethanol treatment significantly but incompletely removed the fibrinogen in lithium-heparin plasma samples and did not affect the integrity of any of the proteins investigated. Even without ethanol treatment, lithium-heparin plasma can be used for protein electrophoresis and paraprotein identification as the instances of interference between fibrinogen and paraproteins was low (2.3%). In rare cases where there is uncertainty or ambiguity, immuno-fixation electrophoresis is recommended. This report has implications in terms of reducing costs and turn-around time as it prevents the need for requesting another serum sample from patients. This may be one step towards a universal sample for all tests.
An Empirical Study on Recommendation with Multiple Types of Feedback (2016)

User feedback like clicks and ratings on recommended items provides important information for recommender systems to predict users' interests in unseen items. Most systems rely on models trained using a single type of feedback, e.g., ratings for movie recommendation and clicks for online news recommendation. However, in addition to the primary feedback, many systems also allow users to provide other types of feedback, e.g., liking or sharing an article, or hiding all articles from a source. These additional feedback potentially provides extra information for the recommendation models. To optimize user experience and business objectives, it is important for a recommender system to use both the primary feedback and additional feedback. This paper presents an empirical study on various training methods for incorporating multiple user feedback types based on LinkedIn recommendation products. We study three important problems that we face at LinkedIn: (1) Whether to send an email based on clicks and complaints, (2) how to rank updates in LinkedIn feeds based on clicks and hides and (3) how jointly optimize for viral actions and clicks in LinkedIn feeds. Extensive offline experiments on historical data show the effectiveness of these methods in different situations. Online A/B testing results further demonstrate the impact of these methods on LinkedIn production systems.
Gelatinase biosynthesis‐activating pheromone: a peptide lactone that mediates a quorum sensing in <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (2001)

Biosynthesis of gelatinase, a virulence factor of Enterococcus faecalis, was found to be regulated in a cell density-dependent fashion in which its production is active in late log to early stationary phase. Addition of early stationary phase culture filtrate to medium shifted the onset of gelatinase production to that of mid-log phase, suggesting that E. faecalis secretes a gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone (GBAP). GBAP was isolated from culture supernatant of E. faecalis OG1S-P. Structural analysis suggested GBAP to be an 11-residue cyclic peptide containing a lactone structure, in which the alpha-carboxyl group of the C-terminal amino acid is linked to a hydroxyl group of the serine of the third residue. A synthetic peptide possessing the deduced structure showed GBAP activity at nanomolar concentrations as did natural GBAP. Database searches revealed that GBAP corresponds to a C-terminal part of a 242-residue FsrB protein. Northern analysis showed that GBAP slowly induces the transcription of two operons, fsrB-fsrC encoding FsrB and a putative histidine kinase FsrC and gelE-sprE encoding gelatinase GelE and serine protease SprE. Strains with an insertion mutation in either fsrC or a putative response regulator gene fsrA failed to respond to GBAP, suggesting that the GBAP signal is transduced by a two-component regulatory system.
Electrodynamic headphones and woofers for application in magnetic resonance imaging scanners (1998)

Electrodynamic speakers compatible with (functional) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are described. The speakers magnets are removed, their function is replaced by the scanner's magnetic field, resulting in an uncommon but efficient operation. The method can be used with headphones as well as woofers. Functional MRI is not associated with any known biological risks, but as a method for visualization of task-specific activation of brain regions it is undesirably noisy. Thus, it requires both noise protection and efficient sound transmission systems for delivering acoustic stimuli to subjects. Woofers could possibly be used in active noise-control systems. The speakers described in this paper can be used for either task.
Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc.: Does the Actual Malice Standard of Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. Apply to Speech on Matters of Purely Private Concern? (1987)

Justice Powell's opinion in Dun & Bradstreet can be fairly read to support the approach taken by the Rosenbloom plurality in deciding when and where the Constitution should restrict state defamation law.The limits previously imposed, however, are less stringent than... under the approach of the Dun & Bradstreet plurality opinion.Speech regarding matters of public or general interest is to receive the minimal Gertz protections against unrestrained presumed or punitive damages instead of the full New York Times v.
Glatiramer acetate-specific T cells in the brain express T helper 2/3 cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor<i>in situ</i> (2003)

The ability of a remedy to modulate the pathological process in the target organ is crucial for its therapeutic activity. Glatiramer acetate (GA, Copaxone, Copolymer 1), a drug approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, induces regulatory T helper 2/3 cells that penetrate the CNS. Here we investigated whether these GA-specific T cells can function as suppressor cells with therapeutic potential in the target organ by in situ expression of T helper 2/3 cytokines and neurotrophic factors. GA-specific cells and their in situ expression were detected on the level of whole-brain tissue by using a two-stage double-labeling system: ( i ) labeling of the GA-specific T cells, followed by their adoptive transfer, and ( ii ) detection of the secreted factors in the brain by immunohistological methods. GA-specific T cells in the CNS demonstrated intense expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and of two antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-10 and transforming growth factor β. No expression of the inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ was observed. This pattern of expression was manifested in brains of normal and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-induced mice to which GA-specific cells were adoptively transferred, but not in control mice. Furthermore, infiltration of GA-induced cells to the brain resulted in bystander expression of IL-10 and transforming growth factor β by resident astrocytes and microglia. The ability of infiltrating GA-specific cells to express antiinflammatory cytokines and neurotrophic factor in the organ in which the pathological processes occur correlates directly with the therapeutic activity of GA in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis/multiple sclerosis.
Rainscreen Cladding: A Guide to Design Principles and Practice (1988)

Introduction: what is rainscreen cladding? aims and approach structure. Part 1 Historical perspective: an outline of the origins and development of the rainscreen rainscreen applications in the UK. Part 2 Design principles: external walls rain penetration and its control forms of construction. Part 3 Design options: drained and back-ventilated rainscreens pressure-equalized rainscreens. Part 4 Design practice: applications selecting materials designing for wind loads support framework connections providing for movement thermal insulation sound insulation smoke and fire control lightning protection testing performance related British Standards. Part 5 Recommendations for future research: performance testing to validate design climatic differences design and performance of joints the process of cavity back ventilation the process of pressure equalization. Appendices: 1 - a review of the origins and development of rainscreen cladding 2 - applications in the UK - the need for caution.
ECG baseline drift removal using discrete wavelet transform (2011)

This study presents a method for baseline drift removal in the ECG signal by means of the discrete wavelet transform with the Daubechies-4, in where the central pseudo-frequency parameter is used. The sampling frequency of ECG record related to each decomposition scale of the transform is assessed. DWT is applied to the level of decomposition calculated with the above values; this makes the algorithm computationally efficient so it can be used at online processes. Nine ECG records of the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database are used for method evaluation. To prove its efficiency, these records are contaminated and then processed, obtaining a correlation coefficient average of 0.99.