gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyanine dyes, new potent antitumor agents. (1982)

Antitumor agents of a new structural type are reported. A number of cyanines with mono-, di- and tricyclic nuclei, merocyanines and oxonols have been i. p. screened for antitumor activity against P388 leukemia and B16 melanoma. Among these compounds, monomethin-, trimethin- and pentamethincyanines having naphthothiazole, naphthoxazole and benzindole nuclei resulted in a significant prolongation of the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. Replacement of the conjugated chain system between the terminal two nuclei with a saturated aliphatic chain produced a marked decrease in the antitumor activity. Structure-activity relationships are discussed.
Self‐crosslinking borate anions for the production of tough UV‐cured polyelectrolyte surfaces (2012)

Abstract The first anion with four polymerizable groups has been synthesized and used to produce durable, crosslinked polyelectrolyte (PE) coatings in a single step. Sodium tetrakis(4‐vinylphenyl)borate (NaBSty 4 ) was produced by the reaction of BCl 3 and the Grignard of 4‐bromostyrene. The full series of borates NaBPh x Sty 4− x , x = 1−3, were also synthesized analogously by reaction of the styryl‐Grignard and PhBCl 2 , Ph 2 BCl, or Ph 3 B. Anion exchange of the borates with tributyl 4‐vinylbenzylphosphonium chloride gave a family of organic salts developed for applications in photopolymerized coatings. The percent UV cure of the polymer films was determined by infrared spectroscopy and this relative level of curing was corroborated by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The degree of crosslinking imparted to the polymer films by the different monomers has resulted in varied mechanical properties, which were probed by diamond tip scratch tests and nanoindentation. These clearly demonstrated that as the number of polymerizable groups increased, the film hardness increased correspondingly. The final hardness of the films exceeds those of other related systems and identifies styryl borates as viable crosslinking additives in UV curable technologies, especially in the production of durable PE films. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Detailed Mechanistic Information on Methane Elimination from a Methyl(hydrido)platinum(IV) Complex. Relevance for the Mechanism of Methane Activation (1999)

The kinetics of methane reductive elimination from both isomers of the methyl(hydrido)platinum(IV) complex [Pt(H)(CH3)2(BPMA)]+ (BPMA = bis(pyridylmethyl)amine) were studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The application of high-pressure techniques enabled the determination of the activation volume for methane elimination (+6 cm3/mol for the cis isomer, ca. +8 cm3/mol for the trans isomer). The low activation volume together with results on the rate and stereochemistry of deuterium incorporation into one methyl group of the cis isomer provides the basis for a suggested mechanism that involves five-coordinate platinum as a steady-state intermediate.
Lumped-element quadrature wilkinson power divider (2009)

This paper treats a novel lumped-element quadrature Wilkinson power divider. The proposed divider consists of a parallel LC-ladder circuit, a series RL circuit connected though two output ports, and phase shifters consisting of ¿/T networks. Under this construction broadband characteristics with a relative bandwidth of 33.4%can be obtained in comparison with lumped-element Wilkinson power dividers using ¿/T networks. Verification of this design method is also shown by EM simulation and experiment.
Humoral and Cellular Immunities Elicited by HIV-1 DNA Vaccination (1996)

Recently it has been shown that immunization with plasmid DNA encoding genes for viral or bacterial antigens can elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses in rodents and nonhuman primates. In this study, mice and nonhuman primates were vaccinated by intramuscular injection with plasmids that express either a secreted form of HIV-1 gp120 or rev proteins. Mice receiving the tPA-gp120 DNA developed antigen-specific antibody responses against recombinant gp120 protein and the V2 peptide neutralization epitope as determined by ELISA. Vaccinated mice also exhibited gp120-specific T cell responses, such as in vitro proliferation of splenocytes and MHC Class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activities, following antigen restimulation. In addition, supernatants from these lymphocyte cultures showed high levels of gamma-interferon production compared with IL-4, suggesting that primarily type 1-like helper T (Th1) lymphocyte responses were induced by both vaccines. Th1-like responses were also obtained for mice vaccinated with rev DNA. Immune responses induced by gp120 or rev vaccines were dose-dependent, boostable, and long-lived (> or = 6 months). Nonhuman primates vaccinated with tPA-gp120 DNA also showed antigen-specific T lymphocyte proliferative and humoral responses, including moderate levels of neutralizing sera against homologous HIV. These results suggest that plasmid DNA may provide a powerful means for eliciting humoral and cellular immune responses against HIV.
Sunscreen Performance of Lignin from Different Technical Resources and Their General Synergistic Effect with Synthetic Sunscreens (2016)

Five types of industrial lignin are blended with a pure cream and a commercial sunscreen lotion. Lignin is found to significantly boost their sunscreen performance. Photostability of the lignin-modified lotions is analyzed. The results show that hydrophobic lignin has better sunscreen performance than hydrophilic counterpart. Sun protection factor (SPF) of the pure cream containing 10% organosolv lignin (OL) reaches 8.66. Small amount of hydrophobic lignin dramatically increases SPF value of the sunscreen lotions. Adding 1% lignin almost doubles the sun lotion's SPF. Addition of 10% OL to the lotion boosts its SPF from 15 to 91.61. However, it is also found that hydrophilic lignin tends to demulsify the lotions due to an electrostatic disequilibrium. After 2 h of UV radiation, UV absorbance of all the five lignin-modified sunscreen lotions increases up to the limit of measuring instrument. All the lignin types studied in this work are found to have a general synergistic effect with sunscreen actives in the commercial lotion. An effort is also made to elucidate radical mechanisms of the synergy.
Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (1999)

Early selective surfactant administration given to infants with RDS requiring assisted ventilation leads to a decreased risk of acute pulmonary injury (decreased risk of pneumothorax and pulmonary interstitial emphysema) and a decreased risk of neonatal mortality and chronic lung disease compared to delaying treatment of such infants until they develop established RDS.
A total synthesis of racemic senepoxide: formal syntheses of crotepoxide and pipoxide (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA total synthesis of racemic senepoxide: formal syntheses of crotepoxide and pipoxideR. H. Schlessinger and A. LopesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 25, 5252–5253Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00338a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00338a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views794Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Impact Studies of Facial Bones and Skull (1972)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The dynamic responses of the human skull and facial bones have been determined by a series of impact experiments. A preliminary report was issued on this subject with particular reference to three impact sites of the skull-the frontal, temporo-parietal, and zygomatic. This work has been extended to include more experiments in these areas to delineate further the nature and reliability of the earlier data. In addition, new data have been obtained for the maxilla, mandible, and zygomatic arch in order to include additional anatomic sites that are frequently involved in accidental impacts. Relationships to impulse duration, peak force, and various anatomic characteristics have been studied and will also be presented. Additional data have been obtained for unembalmed anatomic specimens to provide new information to supplement and expand the tolerance base reported in the preliminary study.</div>
Optical flow and deformable objects (2002)

When a plane undergoes a deformation that can be represented by a planar linear vector field, the projected vector field on the image plane of an optical device is at most quadratic. This 2D motion field has one singular point, with eigenvalues identical to those of the singular point describing the deformation. As a consequence, the nature of the singular point of the deformation is a projective invariant. When the plane moves and experiences a linear deformation at the same time, the associated 2D motion field is still quadratic with at most 3 singular points. In the case of a normal rototranslation, i.e. when the angular velocity is normal to the plane, and of a linear deformation, the 2D motion field has at most one singular point and substantial information on the rigid motion and on the deformation can be recovered from it. Experiments with simulated deformations and real deformable objects show that the proposed analysis can provide accurate results and information on more general 3D deformations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Moisture sensing in transformer oil using thin film microdielectrometry (2003)

Experiments have been conducted using 1-7- mu m-thick layers of plasma-deposited bromobenzene on the interdigitated 50- mu m-wavelength electrodes of a microdielectrometer chip. Gain-phase measurements in the frequency range of 0.005-10000 Hz, normalized to the frequency for peak phase shift, are found to be universal. With account taken of the finite layer thickness, evidence is presented that the coatings act as semipermeable membranes, serving as barriers to the transformer oil but absorbing moisture in proportion to the absolute content in the oil. Sensitivity to moisture from less than 5 to about 50 p.p.m. is found with a transient response of less than a few minutes. Although the sensor is well suited to following the dynamics of water in paper-oil systems over periods of days or perhaps weeks, a long-term loss of sensitivity must be overcome if it is to be used without recalibration for extended periods of time. Its use for discerning abnormal behavior in a pilot transformer monitoring system is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Generalized Predictive Control of Depth of Anesthesia by Using a Pharmocokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model of the Patient (2008)

Monitoring and controlling the depth of anesthesia during a surgery is really important since over dosing and under dosing can be dangerous for the patients. The model which is used for describing the relationship between input anesthetic agents and output patient endpoint variables is pharmacokinetic- pharmacodynamic model which included the most significant covariates such as age and weight. Bispectral index (BIS) is one of the best criteria for evaluating the depth of Anesthesia. In this research we used BIS as a patient endpoint and Propofol as an anesthetic agent. As there is a large variety between the patients, we need a controller which should be robust against the disturbances and because the anesthesia process is nonlinear and contains a time delay, model predictive controllers (MPCs) seems act very well for it. In this paper we tried to use a constrained generalized predictive control (GPC) method for controlling the depth of Anesthesia. For comparison a PID controller has been designed. The results showed that the performance of GPC with or without presence of the noise and disturbance was much better than PID controller and also it was more robust.
Early-Onset Osteoarthritis originates at the chondrocyte level in Hip Dysplasia (2020)

Subjects with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) often show early-onset osteoarthritis (OA); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology are not known. We investigated whether cellular changes in chondrocytes from OA cartilage can be detected in chondrocytes from DDH cartilage before histological manifestations of degeneration. We characterized undamaged and damaged articular cartilage from 22 participants having hip replacement surgery with and without DDH (9 DDH-OA, 12 OA-only, one femoral fracture). Tissue immunostaining revealed changes in damaged OA-only cartilage that was also found in undamaged DDH-OA cartilage. Chondrocytes in situ from both groups show: (i) thicker fibers of vimentin intermediate filaments, (ii) clusters of integrin α<sub>5</sub>β<sub>1</sub>, (iii) positive MMP13 staining and (iv) a higher percentage of cells expressing the serine protease HtrA1. Further characterization of the extracellular matrix showed strong aggrecan and collagen II immunostaining in undamaged DDH cartilage, with no evidence of augmented cell death by activation of caspase 3. These findings suggest that early events in DDH cartilage originate at the chondrocyte level and that DDH cartilage may provide a novel opportunity to study these early changes for the development of therapeutic targets for OA.
Ceramic Coatings for Advanced Heat Engines-A Review and Projection (1987)

This report assesses the current status and future potential for the application of ceramic coatings in advanced diesel and turbine engines. A previous report describes the authors findings in greater detail. Ceramics, in contrast with metals, generally exhibit better structural and thermal capabilities at high temperatures. In general, ceramics are more resistant to creep, oxidation, corrosion, erosion, and wear, as well as being better thermal insulators. The benefits of thermal barrier coatings on the hotter side of diesel or turbine engine components are well-documented, and thermal barrier coatings are one of several applications of ceramics that are being pursued actively for heat engines. Ceramic coatings are being considered for diesel engine cylinder liners, piston caps, valve faces and seats, piston rings, and other parts and for turbine components such as combustors, blades, stators, seals, and bearings.
The Relationship Between Curiosity and Cognitive Ability in Third- and Fifth-Grade Children (1994)

Abstract Individual differences on an established laboratory task of visual short-term novelty preferences were correlated with achievement test scores for 40 third-grade and 45 fifth-grade children. A positive correlation (r = .35, p < .002) for the total sample (N = 85) confirmed the often hypothesized influence of curiosity motivation on intellectual performance; subsample gender-grade inconsistencies were statistically interpreted as a consequence of errant individual strategies and limited variance in the novelty task. The relationships were cross-validated in a companion study with the same short-term novelty paradigm, but with a play construction task for novelty preferences and a different achievement test battery for second- and fifth-grade children. High correlations between teacher ratings of curiosity and achievement test scores, when analyzed by multiple regression procedures, seemed to be an artifact of teachers' knowledge of their students' intellectual status.
Tamoxifen exerts agonistic effects on clusterin and complement C3 gene expression in RUCA-I primary xenografts and metastases but not normal uterus (2004)

Tamoxifen is the most widely prescribed anti-neoplastic drug for the treatment of both localized and metastatic breast cancer. It is also the prototype for a class of drugs that are referred to as selective estrogen receptor modifiers (SERMs), most of which have both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity in estrogen target tissues including the breast and endometrium. The underlying mechanisms of action of SERMs in the breast and endometrium that lead to profound differences in the tissue-specific effects of tamoxifen have not yet been elucidated. We have compared the effects of tamoxifen and the pure anti-estrogen ICI 182,780 (Faslodex) in the RUCA-I hormone-responsive rat endometrial cell line in vitro and in vivo. In cell culture, RUCA-I cells responded to both estrogens and anti-estrogens, and the expression of clusterin and complement C3 mRNAs required the presence of estradiol and was repressed in the absence of estradiol or in the presence of the pure anti-estrogen ICI 182,780. Tamoxifen, on the other hand, induced both complement C3 and clusterin mRNA in the absence of estradiol and failed to repress their expression in the presence of estradiol. When grown as subcutaneous xenografts in syngeneic Da/Han rats for 5 weeks, the RUCA-I cells retained their sensitivity to estradiol, as demonstrated by significantly enhanced tumor growth in intact female rats compared with the growth in ovariectomized rats. But neither ICI 182,780 nor tamoxifen had a significant impact on tumor growth in cycling or ovariectomized animals. On the other hand, tamoxifen was potently estrogenic in metastatic lymph nodes, increasing the size of the lymph node tumors almost 6-fold over that seen in the intact cycling animals. In primary tumors, the expression of complement C3 mirrored that seen in vitro, although tamoxifen showed some agonist activity in ovariectomized animals. Tamoxifen also displayed marked agonist activity with respect to clusterin expression and enhanced clusterin mRNA levels and protein in both the primary tumors and lymph metastases in intact and ovariectomized animals. Given the recent demonstration that over-expression of clusterin increases the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells, these data may provide a mechanistic explanation for the increased incidence of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal patients treated with tamoxifen.
Data link control in the LEO satellite store and forward network (2004)

This paper describes the design and analysis of a simplified data link control protocol for a low earth satellite network. The generic HDLC protocol affords a means of peer-to-peer communication. In our case the satellite payload initiates, controls and terminates all communication sequences between the user terminal and the satellite payload. Since resources are severely restricted on a micro satellite, the focus of the study is to assess the efficiency of the service in terms of the effective throughput, and the maximum number of users who can be served. The major change in the adopted protocol is the reduction in number of responses in both the random access and the connected modes. This reduces the handshake time needed, which is of prime importance as round trip delay increases. The inherent unreliability of a satellite (long distance wireless) link have been analysed and handled by reduction in number of types of frames, piggybacking critical information and simplified error handling.
Non-nutritive sucking in full-term and preterm infants studied at term conceptional age (1999)

Non-nutritive sucking (NNS) patterns in full-term newborn and preterm infants were studied at term conceptional age. The preterm group showed a distinct NNS pattern with a higher frequency and lower amplitude. In the preterm group, gender differences were observed, the girls having higher frequency and larger amplitude. The full-term infants' NNS patterns were also related to pacifier use during early childhood. Experience, gender, maturity and level of tension are suggested as explanatory factors for differences in NNS patterns.
Prasugrel Therapy and CYP Genotype (2012)

Prasugrel is a third-generation thienopyridine platelet inhibitor used in the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Prasugrel is used to reduce thrombotic cardiovascular events, such as stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke in these patients. Prasugrel, along with other antiplatelet agents such as clopidogrel and ticagrelor, inhibits platelet activation by irreversibly binding to the platelet receptor, P2RY12.Prasugrel is metabolized to its active metabolite primarily by CYP3A5 and CYP2B6, and to a lesser extent by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. The FDA-approved label for prasugrel states that genetic variations in CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, or CYP3A5 genes do not have a relevant effect on prasugrel pharmacokinetics and the generation of its active metabolite or its inhibition of platelet aggregation in healthy subjects, patients with stable atherosclerosis, or ACS (1).Another commonly prescribed antiplatelet is the second-generation thienopyridine clopidogrel, which is bioactivated primarily by CYP2C19. Consequently, clopidogrel is less effective among patients with decreased or no function variant alleles in the CYP2C19 gene. In contrast, CYP2C19 variants are not associated with a decrease in effectiveness of prasugrel, which is a more potent antiplatelet agent than clopidogrel, but has a higher risk of bleeding (2-5).
Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infection of the Central Nervous System (1986)

Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are subject to a spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Recent evidence implicates the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) in the pathogenesis of some of these illnesses, although the cells infected by the virus have yet to be identified. Using in situ hybridization, we examined brain tissue from two patients with AIDS encephalopathy for the presence of HTLV-III RNA. In both cases, viral RNA was detected and concentrated in, though not limited to, the white matter. The CNS cells most frequently infected included macrophages, pleomorphic microglia, and multinucleated giant cells. Less frequently, cells morphologically consistent with astrocytes, oligodendroglia, and rarely neurons were also infected. The findings strengthen the association of HTLV-III with the pathogenesis of AIDS encephalopathy. In situ hybridization can be applied to routinely prepared biopsy tissue in the diagnosis of HTLV-III infection of the CNS. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:2360-2364)