gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-layer integrated photonics from the ultraviolet to the infrared (2018)

We demonstrate a scalable multi-layer integrated photonics platform that operates over a multi-octave wavelength range, from the near-ultraviolet (NUV) to the near-infrared (NIR). The platform is CMOS compatible and consists of silicon nitride (Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) and alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) optical waveguides cladded with silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>). We demonstrate low-loss waveguides and passive components including diffractive vertical grating couplers for input/output (I/O). The multilayer nature of the platform enables complex routing of multiple wavelengths, making it useful for a variety of applications including integrated atomic-molecular-optical (AMO) and biophotonic systems.
[Influence of silymarin and (+)-cyanidanol-3 on the HCB-induced porphyria in rats (author's transl)]. (1982)

Adult female Wistar rats were fed continuously over a period of 65 days with a diet containing 0.05% hexachlorobenzene (HCB), silymarin (100 mg/kg) or (+)-cyanidanol-3 (150 mg/kg) alone or together with HCB. On day 49 the porphyrins were increased in the cyanidanol-HCB-group in contrast to the silymarin-HCB- and the HCB-group which showed lower levels during the whole experiment. Compared with the other groups--aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen were increased in the cyanidanol/HCB-group. Silymarin and cyanidanol had no effect on the formation of experimental porphyria. On the other hand, silymarin is a stronger inducer of the mixed function monooxygenase system than cyanidanol. The type of the cytochrome P-450 induced by the substances could not be identified with the help of different type-specific inhibitors.
Consistency-Based Configuration (1999)

Research in automated configuration is a traditional core application area for knowledge-based systems that is increasing in commercial relevance, but there exists no generally agreed basic formal representation scheme. Based on a small simplified example taken out of the knowledge base of an deployed configuration application, we describe a configuration knowledge based on an analogy to the classic consistency based diagnosis approach. A configuration problem is formally described in terms of a logic theory that depicts a part library and set of requirements, and a configuration is a set of components and connections that satisfy the library and requirements. We propose a &quot;reference algorithm&quot; in analogy to the standard HS-Dag diagnosis algorithm and show how CSP-based configuration representations can be expressed in terms of the consistency-based representation. The various parts of that representation possess direct counterparts in the representation language used by the commercial COCOS configuration tool.
Risk factors for adverse cutaneous reactions associated with intravenous vancomycin (1997)

We retrospectively studied adverse cutaneous reactions associated with intravenous vancomycin therapy over a 14-month period when two different brands of vancomycin were used. Of 224 adults, 12 (5.4%) had infusion-related reactions; ten of 174 patients who received more than one day of vancomycin (5.7%) had delayed cutaneous reactions. Age less than 40 years was a risk factor for both infusion-related and delayed reactions by both univariate and multivariate analysis. Duration of therapy greater than 7 days was a risk factor for delayed reactions. There was a significant increase in adverse cutaneous reactions associated with the use of a particular batch of vancomycin, although analytical testing of this batch failed to identify any difference from other batches associated with routine rates of adverse reactions. Awareness of vancomycin-associated infusion-related and delayed cutaneous reactions is necessary, and the risk factors associated with these reactions may have important clinical implications.
Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma apolipoproteins in patients with multiple sclerosis. (1988)

Apolipoprotein (apo) E is synthesized by cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems, and its synthesis and secretion in the peripheral nervous systems, and its synthesis and secretion in the peripheral nervous system of animals are greatly stimulated following Wallerian degeneration. It has been suggested that apo E functions in the metabolism of myelin lipids, but its physiologic role in nervous tissue has not been elucidated. To determine if apo E might play a role in demyelinating neuropathy, the concentrations were examined of apos E and A-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of patients with multiple sclerosis during clinical remission, and in patients with no neurologic disease. Serum and CSF albumin concentrations were measured to account for the possible influences of serum apo E concentration and/or altered blood-brain barrier permeability on the CSF apo E pool. A CSF index for apo E and apo A-1 was calculated in the same manner presently used for calculation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) production in the nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The results showed that the concentrations of apo E, apo Al, and albumin in the CSF of the MS patients were not significantly altered. The concentration of apo E in the serum, however, was significantly (p less than 0.001) decreased by 44 percent in the MS patients. The difference was relatively specific for serum apo E because the serum apo Al and albumin concentrations were unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Influence of retinoids on growth and metastasis of hamster melanoma in athymic mice. (1988)

The effects of 2-hydroxyethyl retinamide, N-(4-hydroxy-phenyl) all-trans-retinamide, and 13-cis-retinoic acid on the growth and metastasis of a malignant hamster melanoma cell line HM1-F5 was determined in a double blind study using 4- to 5-week-old male NIH Swiss and BALB/c derived athymic nu/nu mice. Mice were fed retinoids (0.75 and 1.0 or 1.5 mmol/kg diet) or a placebo diet ad libitum beginning on the day of s.c. inoculation of 5 x 10(5) HM1-5 cells. Tumor incidence, latency, and growth rate were similar in both strains of mice. All placebo-treated mice had lung metastasis on the day of autopsy, although the total number of metastases was lower in NIH Swiss derived athymic mice. While mean tumor incidence and latency were not significantly altered by any retinoid treatment, tumor growth rate (volume) and final tumor weight were inhibited (P less than 0.05) by 0.75 mmol/kg 13-cis retinoic acid and 1.5 mmol/kg N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) all-trans-retinamide. In contrast, at 1.0 or 1.5 mmol/kg diet, 2-hydroxyethyl retinamide had no significant effect on tumor growth rate. 13-cis retinoic acid, 0.75 mmol/kg, 2-hydroxyethyl, 1.0 mmol/kg, and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl), 1.0 mmol/kg significantly reduced the mean number of metastatic lesions in NIH Swiss derived mice, but N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) all-trans-retinamide also reduced metastatic incidence while 2-hydroxyethyl retinamide and 13-cis retinoic acid had no effect. A concentration of 1.5 mmol/kg diet of 2-hydroxyethyl and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) all-trans-retinamide significantly reduced the overall number of gross lung metastases in BALB/c and Swiss mice, and mean number of metastases in Swiss mice. Analysis of correlation indicated that the inhibitory effect of high-dose N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) and 2-hydroxyethyl retinamide on metastasis was not associated with (independent of) any inhibitory effect on primary tumor invasiveness or growth rate. Our observations suggest that agents such as retinoids have an antimetastatic potential.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple New Method for the Preparation of 1‐Aminoisoquinoline: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Pyrimido(2,1‐a)isoquinolin‐4‐one and Imidazo(2,1‐a)isoquinolin‐3‐one. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Graphene as Transparent Conductive Film for GaN-Based Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (2012)

There is a need for lasers in the 370nm - 470nm spectrum (near ultraviolet - blue) for applications such as high storage, high resolution printers and biomedical applications. GaN-based vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is one interesting option due to the wide bandgap of the GaN and the 2D array capability and cost-effective production of VCSELs. Because of the high resistivity of p-GaN, these devices require the use of a transparent conductive film (TCF) to effectively laterally spread the current across the active region. The actual material used so far is ITO wish has problems related to the deposition technique and the constantly increasing price of the material. Graphene, a one atom layer thick (0.35 nm) graphite derivative 2D material, stands as a
very good option due to its outstanding properties (high mobilities, high transmittance, etc.). In order to demonstrate the feasibility of replacing ITO with a graphene TCF the production, transfer, sheet resistance and contact resistivity to p-GaN have to be investigated and further developed. In this work a low-pressure cold-wall CVD reactor was used for reproducible production of large domains graphene films on 99.995% Cu foils of 50 µm. Different transfer techniques were assessed and reproducible graphene transfer was achieved by improving a recently developed method. The method is based on the separation of the graphene from the Cu foil by H2 bubbles formation on the surface of the Cu foil that was used as a cathode in an electrolytic cell with aqueous 0.25M NaOH solution. Different methods to improve the sheet resistance of the graphene were evaluated (artificially deposited dual layer films, doping with FeCl3, S1813 and PVA). Devices were created to characterize the mobility, sheet resistance, carrier concentration, maximum current densities and contact resistivity to p-GaN. A GaN-based LED
using a graphene TCF was fabricated and showed efficient current spreading by the graphene based TCF. The results show that graphene is an interesting option for TCF
however, more effort is needed to further improve the contact resistivity.
The geometry of innocent flesh on the bone (2007)

We present new techniques that allow a return-into-libc attack to be mounted on x86 executables that calls no functions at all. Our attack combines a large number of short instruction sequences to build gadgets that allow arbitrary computation. We show how to discover such instruction sequences by means of static analysis. We make use, in an essential way, of the properties of the x86 instruction set.
Approaches to business process analysis: a review (2000)

Managing processes with the aim of improving them necessarily requires both analysis and critical evaluation of organizational practice. This article takes up the theme of business process analysis with the aim of highlighting and comparing alternative techniques and approaches. Four approaches have been identified: action analysis, process mapping, co‐ordination analysis and social grammar analysis. An interpretative model of the fundamental differences between these approaches is proposed. This paper discusses both the limits and the possibilities offered by each approach and concludes with a reflection on the problem of integrating diverse analytical perspectives.
Effect of monensin on the sulfation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan from endothelial cells (1992)

Monensin is a monovalent metal ionophore that affects the intracellular translocation of secretory proteins at the level of trans-Golgi cisternae. Exposure of endothelial cells to monensin results in the synthesis of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate with a lower degree of sulfation. The inhibition is dose dependent and affects the ratio [35S]-sulfate/[3H]-hexosamine of heparan sulfate from both cells and medium, with no changes in their molecular weight. By the use of several degradative enzymes (heparitinases, glycuronidase, and sulfatases) the fine structure of the heparan sulfate synthesized by control and monensin-treated cells was investigated. The results have shown that among the six heparan sulfate disaccharides there is a specific decrease of the ones bearing a sulfate ester at the 6-position of the glucosamine moiety. All other biosynthetic steps were not affected by monensin. The results are indicative that monensin affects the hexosamine C-6 sulfation, and that this sterification is the last step of the heparan sulfate biosynthesis and should occur at the trans-Golgi compartment.
A cooperative radar system for collision avoidance and communications between vehicles (2006)

In order to improve reliability, security on roads or exploitation of automatic guided transports, many sensors are being developed to equip vehicles. Research has been carried out at INRETS and IEMN on low cost microwave collision avoidance sensors for metro guided transports and for road vehicles. For this goal, an original radar system has been designed in ours laboratories. It is based on cooperative collision avoidance radar which uses a transponder inside targets. The proposed system is made of a couple of microwave transmitting and receiving equipment fixed on each vehicle, one ahead and the other behind. In order to avoid interferences between the transmitted and the received signals, two duplex frequencies of 2.2 and 2.4 GHz are used respectively for downlink and for uplink. The system is based on pseudo-random sequences combined with a correlation receiver and has a broadband of about 50-100 MHz. This bandwidth has been exploited to establish a high data flow communication between sensors. The aim of this paper is to describe the mock-up realized and technical solutions developed using spreading spectrum techniques to allow multi-user access and to combine the two desired main functionalities, localization and communication, inside a unique cooperative radar system. The system performances have been evaluated in terms of BER using simulations and main results will be presented
WHEAT CULTIVAR IDENTIFICATION BY GLIADIN ELECTROPHOREGRAMS. I. APPARATUS, METHOD AND NOMENCLATURE (1978)

An apparatus and method are described for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of gliadins. Since the gliadin pattern (electrophoregram) is a genotypic character, electrophoresis offers a promising means for identifying wheat cultivars. Electrophoregrams are presented for a number of wheat cultivars to illustrate the results that can be obtained by the method described. A new nomenclature for gliadin bands (components) separated by this method is also presented. The nomenclature uses a major band in the electrophoregram of the Canadian hard red spring wheat cultivar Marquis as the reference. It was assigned an arbitrary mobility of 0.50; all other bands of Marquis and other cultivars are identified on the basis of electrophoretic mobility relative to 0.50 for the reference band under identical electrophoresis conditions.
Minor head injury: a cause for concern (1999)

Michael Clayton reviews current issues in the care of children with minor head injuries, in particular the definition of severity, epidemiology, morbidity and the expansion of nursing practice
Buprenorphine Versus Methadone in the Treatment of Opioid Dependence (1996)

This article reports results for patients who completed the 16-week maintenance phase of a double-blind clinical trial comparing buprenorphine (N = 43; average dose = 9.0 mg/day sublingually) with methadone (N = 43; average dose = 54 mg/day orally) in the outpatient treatment of opioid dependence. In addition to pharmacotherapy, treatment during the clinical trial included individual counseling, weekly group therapy, and on-site medical services. Patients in both medication groups showed significant and substantial improvements over time in areas of psychosocial functioning, as assessed by the Addiction Severity Index, rates of urinalysis tests positive for opioids, and self-reports of opioid withdrawal symptoms, illicit opioid use, and cocaine use. Buprenorphine and methadone produced very similar outcomes on the wide array of outcome measures assessed, and improvements for both groups were large and occurred rapidly after treatment entry. A trend toward continued improvement in opioid-positive urines over time was noted for the buprenorphine but not the methadone group. These results provide further evidence of the efficacy of buprenorphine in the treatment of opioid dependence and provide a characterization of the time course of effects for buprenorphine and methadone. In addition, these results demonstrate the benefits of drug abuse treatment, both for drug and alcohol use and in other areas of psychosocial functioning.
RTSP-based Mobile Peer-to-Peer Streaming System (2010)

Peer-to-peer is emerging as a potentially disruptive technology for content distribution in the mobile Internet. In addition to the already well-known peer-to-peer file sharing, real-time peer-to-peer streaming is gaining popularity. This paper presents an effective real-time peer-to-peer streaming system for the mobile environment. The basis for the system is a scalable overlay network which groups peer into clusters according to their proximity using RTT values between peers as a criteria for the cluster selection. The actual media delivery in the system is implemented using the partial RTP stream concept: the original RTP sessions related to a media delivery are split into a number of so-called partial streams according to a predefined set of parameters in such a way that it allows low-complexity reassembly of the original media session in real-time at the receiving end. Partial streams also help in utilizing the upload capacity with finer granularity than just per one original stream. This is beneficial in mobile environments where bandwidth can be scarce.
A 40 nm 535 Mbps Multiple Code-Rate Turbo Decoder Chip Using Reciprocal Dual Trellis (2013)

This paper presents a multiple code-rate turbo decoder using the reciprocal dual trellis to improve the hardware efficiency. For a convolutional code with code rate k/(k+1), its corresponding reciprocal dual code with rate 1/(k+1) has smaller codeword space than the original code while k > 1, leading to a simplified trellis of the high code-rate code. The proposed decoder architecture can decode code rate k/(k+1) constituent convolutional codes for k=1, 2, 4, 8, and 16. Moreover, two parallel soft-in/soft-out (SISO) decoders are exploited in our turbo decoder by using the quadratic permutation polynomial (QPP) interleaver to improve the decoding speed. After fabricated in 1P9M CMOS 40 nm process, the proposed decoder with 1.27 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> core area can achieve 535 Mbps throughput at 8/9 code rate, and the energy efficiency is 0.068 nJ/bit/iteration at 0.9 V.
Selective silylation of .beta.-D-galactosides. A new approach to the synthesis of (1 .fwdarw. 6)-.beta.-D-galactopyranooligosaccharides (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective silylation of .beta.-D-galactosides. A new approach to the synthesis of (1 .fwdarw. 6)-.beta.-D-galactopyranooligosaccharidesEugenia M. Nashed and Cornelis P. J. GlaudemansCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 23, 5255–5260Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00232a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00232a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1030Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Practical Large Scale Synthesis of tert-Butyl (3R,5S)-6-Hydroxy-3,5-O-isopropylidene-3,5-dihydroxyhexanoate: Essential Building Block for HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (1995)

Title compound 7 (96% ee, > 98% de) is synthesized enantioselectively in six steps (36% overall yield) from the commercial β-keto ester 8 on a multi-kg scale.
Optimized precision of inversion‐recovery <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> measurements for constrained scan time (2004)

Optimization of inversion-recovery (IR) measurements of T1 relaxation times has focused on the efficiency of T1 estimation (precision per unit time), without explicit consideration of the total experimental time. With the modified fast IR method, the repetition time (TR) is constant and each inversion time (TI) must be less than TR. For a fixed total experimental time in the absence of signal averaging, TR and the longest TI time must decrease as more TI times are added. This article investigates the number of TI times and their values to optimize the precision of T1 measurements when time constraints preclude signal averaging and limit the largest TI that can be acquired. If the longest TI is less than approximately three times the longest T1 of interest, then precision is optimum with only four TI times. Suggestions are given for selecting the optimum TI times for 1-16-fold ranges of T1 times relative to a given maximum T1.
Dendritic cell vaccine immunotherapy of cancer targeting MUC1 mucin (2003)

The use of dendritic cells (DCs) for cancer vaccination is effective in suppressing cancer progression. This is because the DCs play a crucial role in priming tumor-specific immunity efficiently as antigen-presenting cells. In this study, we analyzed the ability of DCs to elicit tumor-specific immunity and clinical effects of DC vaccine immunotherapy targeting MUC1 tumor antigens. DCs from 14 patients with advanced or metastatic breast or lung cancer (9 positive for MUC1 and 5 negative for MUC1) were loaded with MUC1 antigens or tumor lysate and used for therapeutic vaccination. After vaccination, all the MUC1-positive patients acquired antigen-specific immunity whereas only 1 case with MUC1-negative cancer showed the specific immunity. Clinically, marked effects such as reduction in tumor sizes or tumor marker levels or disappearance of malignant pleural effusion were observed in 7 of the 9 MUC1-positive cases. However, MUC1-negative patients did not respond to DC vaccines, with the exception of 1 case with MAGE3-positive lung cancer. Survival of MUC1-positive patients was significantly prolonged in comparison with MUC1-negative patients (mean survival: 16.75 versus 3.80 months, p=0.0101). These data suggest that MUC1 is sufficiently immunogenic to elicit strong anti-tumor immunity as a tumor antigen and that DC vaccines targeting MUC1 are useful for immunotherapy of cancer.