gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A “Logical Pattern” Recognition Program (1962)

A description is given of an IBM 7090 program which searches for “logical patterns” in a set of input samples. The program was tested on a character recognition problem, where it designed a recognition system whose error rate and hardware requirements are compared to those of a system designed by humans. This program is intended to be used as a research tool to discover certain kinds of patterns in data and as a step in the direction of automatic logic design for some character recognition problems.
Engineering of the electronic structure in an aromatic dithiol monomolecular organic insulator (2006)

Cross-linking, leading to an insulating quasi-polymeric material, occurs with the initial irradiation-induced modification in films of the monomolecular insulator (1,1′;4′,1″-terphenyl)-4,4″-dimethanethiol, although this is accompanied by a decrease in the gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital.
Complete and tissue-independent methylation of CpG sites in the p53 gene: implications for mutations in human cancers. (1995)

CpG dinucleotides are the target of about one third of transition mutations found in human genetic diseases and tumors. Methylation at these sites is thought to be the cause of these genetic changes through spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine. In order to define the contribution of 5-methylcytosine to the spectrum of p53 mutations in human cancers, we have determined the complete DNA methylation pattern along exons 5-8 of the human p53 gene by ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction genomic sequencing. The study was conducted with nine different types of normal human tissue and cell lines, including skin fibroblasts, keratinocytes, lung epithelial cells, mammary epithelial cells and colonic mucosa cells. We found that the p53 sequences along exons 5-8 are completely methylated at every CpG site, including 46 different sites on both DNA strands. This methylation pattern is tissue-independent suggesting that tissue-specific methylation does not contribute to the differential mutation patterns seen in tumors. The occurrence of mutational hotspots at specific CpG sites is not related to selective methylation of only a subset of CpGs but may rather depend on a selection bias for particular amino acid changes. Our results are not inconsistent with theories that mutations in tumors with high CpG mutation rates, like colon cancer, are caused by spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine and mutations in tumors with a lack of CpG involvement reflect superimposed fingerprints from exogenous carcinogens. However, given the lack of tissue specificity of methylation, alternative explanations (eg targeting of methylated CpG sites by tissue-selective carcinogens) should be considered to explain the high percentage of CpG mutations in some tumor types.
Studies in Contact Dermatitis: I. The Nature and Etiology of Pollen Dermatitis Preliminary Report (1931)

It has been thought that the dermatitis caused by pollen and experimentally reproducible by cutaneous testing with pollen oil, is due to the presence in the oil of the atopic excitant. We have been able to show that the dermatitis is not due to the atopic excitant but to the oil itself. Hypersensitiveness to the pollen oil occurs in 15 per cent of hay fever subjects, in 15 per cent of atopic persons not subject to hay fever and in 15 per cent of nonatopic persons. It is thus to be classified as a contact dermatitis similar in its nature to dermatitis due to poison ivy, sumac and primrose. The results of this investigation naturally suggest a similar differentiation of the excitant of atopy and of dermatitis in other materials, and it is obvious that this principle must be important to the diagnosis and also to the treatment of dermatitis caused by materials containing atopic excitants.
Legal Planning for the Transfer of Water Between River Basins a Proposal for the Establishment of the Interbasin Transfer Commission (1970)

The problem of water quantity in the United States is not one of.total supply but one of supply in particular areas.Interbasin transfer is a promising way of augmenting local supplies of good water,' but widespread interbasin transfer is seldom accomplished in the United States, 2 and its mere planning provokes ferocious opposition. 8 The Secretary of the Interior is barred from investigating all of its possibilities, 4 and river basin commissions, authorized by the Water Resources Planning Act of 1965, 5 may plan such transfers only within the 1 Aulenbach, Water-Our Second Most Important Natural Resource, 9 B.C. IND.g-
Linear Programming and Language Processing for Human-Unmanned Aerial-Vehicle Team Missions (2006)

This paper presents a manned-vehicle/unmanned-aerial-vehicle (UAV) mission system that enables an operator in a manned aircraft to issue mission level commands to an autonomous aircraft in real time. A natural language interface allows the manned and unmanned vehicle to communicate in languages understood by both agents. A task scheduler transforms the commands into a dynamic mission plan consisting of task waypoints. These are then given to a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP)-based trajectory optimizer, which safely guides the vehicle through a partially known environment in real time. The MILP trajectory planning formulation and its implementation are discussed in detail. Integrated simulation and June 2004 flight-test results that used an F-15 and an autonomous T-33 equipped with Boeing’s unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) avionics package are presented. These activities were part of the Capstone Demonstration of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency-sponsored Software Enabled Control effort. The flight tests mark the first time that an onboard MILPbased guidance system was used to control a UAV. They also mark the first time that a natural language interface was used by a manned vehicle to task a UAV in real time.
The charging of spacecraft surfaces (1981)

The buildup of static charge on satellite surfaces is an important issue in the utilization of satellite systems. The analysis of this phenomenon has required important advances in basic charging theory and the development of complex codes to evaluate the plasma sheaths that surround satellites. The results of these theories and calculations have wide application in space physics in the design of systems and in the interpretation of low‐energy plasma measurements. In this review, those aspects of charge buildup on satellite surfaces relevant to the space physics community are summarized. The types of charging processes, models of charge buildup, satellite sheath theories, and charging observations are described with emphasis on basic concepts.
NOx and CO Prediction in Fossil Fuel Plants by Time Delay Neural Networks1 (1999)

This paper presents a time delay neural network (TDNN) model designed for the prediction of nitrogen oxides (NOx ) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from a fossil fuel power plant. NOx and CO emissions of the plant are determined as a function of ot
Below-resonant-length slot radiators for traveling-wave-array antennas (1996)

For a frequency-scanning-radar project, a traveling-wave-array antenna was designed. It employs radiating slots in the narrow wall of a meander-rectangular waveguide, which is milled in a flat metal block. Due to the restriction of the waveguide width, the maximum slot length that could be implemented is less than a half wavelength, i.e., below the resonant length. Although such slots are commonly deemed useless, it is shown that traveling-wave-array antennas can be designed successfully. This paper describes the design and results of low-sidelobe arrays, starting from the measurement of basic slot characteristics in an array simulator. The realization of a prescribed amplitude distribution, by tapering the slot length, is shown. The creation of phase errors, due to the reactive nature of the slots, and the associated pattern-degradation effects, are discussed in detail.
Effectiveness and Tolerance of the Hypericum Extract LI 160 in Comparison with Imipramine: Randomized Double-Blind Study with 135 Outpatients (1994)

In a double-blind comparative study, 135 depressed patients were treated in 20 centers. Inclusion diagnoses were typical depressions with single episode (296.2), several episodes (296.3), depressive neurosis (300.4), and adjustment disorder with depressed mood (309.0) in accordance with DSM-III-R. The dosage was 3 x 300 mg hypericum extract LI 160 or 3 x 25 mg imipramine daily. The treatment lasted for 6 weeks. Main assessment criteria were the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Depression Scale according to von Zerssen (D-S) and the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI). In both treatment groups, a parallel reduction of the Hamilton score from 20.2 to 8.8 (LI 160, n = 67) or from 19.4 to 10.7 (imipramine, n = 68), and the transformed D-S point values from 39.6 to 27.2 (LI 160) and 39.0 to 29.2 (imipramine) were found. The analysis of CGI revealed comparable results in both treatment groups. Clinically relevant changes of the safety parameters were not found. In the LI 160 group fewer and milder side effects were found as compared to imipramine.
Digital signal processing spectrum inversion for analog speech channels (1983)

Speech security communication systems applied to radio analog speech channels become more and more desirable as radio channel capacity increases and service area spreads. Analog spectrum inversion used in existing radio communication systems is suitable for preventing eavesdropping and ensuring security, but it suffers from inevitable speech quality degradations. It is shown that digital spectrum inversion can be accomplished merely by alternating the sign of the sampled data to avoid distortion. Digital inversion is theoretically deduced by the discrete Fourier transform and verified by experiments. The aperture effect is also discussed from the viewpoint of spectrum inversion. Digital spectrum inversion is implemented with exclusive OR gates and a one digit binary counter, which is easily integrated onto a large scale integration (LSI) chip to avoid element value deviation. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and distortion are observed to be more than 50 dB and -50 dB right across the 0.3-3.7 kHz frequency band, when an 8 kHz sampling rate is adopted for digital processing.
Identification of rheological and structural characteristics of foamable poly(ethylene terephthalate) by reactive extrusion (2004)

Abstract The reactivity and efficiency of five low molecular weight multifunctional anhydride and epoxy compounds as chemical modifiers of a bottle grade poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) resin were evaluated by reactive extrusion under controlled conditions. The two dianhydrides and the three epoxy compounds were used at concentrations based on stoichiometry derived from the measured carboxyl and hydroxyl end group contents of the base resin. Measures of melt viscosity, melt strength, intrinsic viscosity and carboxyl group content were used as criteria of the extent of the modification. Correlations of die pressure with extrudate swell during extrusion, and melt flow index (MFI) with melt strength by off‐line testing of the extrudates permitted the ranking of the modifiers according to their chain‐extending/branching efficiency. For some systems molecular weight increases (related to die pressure/MFI/intrinsic viscosity) accompanied by broadening of the molecular weight distribution (related to die swell/melt strength) were considered excessive. Extrusion foaming experiments with one particular dianhydride modifier that increased the intrinsic viscosity of the resin from 0.71 to 0.9 dl g −1 indicate that production of low‐density foams by a process involving one‐step reactive modification/gas injection foaming is feasible, at conditions not significantly different from those employed in the simple reactive modification of the PET resin. The rheological and structural parameters determined in this work may be used as criteria to specify PET foamable compositions in terms of types and concentrations of modifiers. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Financing of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) – what do we really know? (2012)

Background: Guideline financing is an important issue as CPG development is resource consuming, funding often is inadequate and financial conflicts of interest can arise constituting a risk of biased recommendations. Objectives: The aim of this work was to investigate which kind of costs are associated[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
Chemistry and medicinal properties of tinospora cordifolia (GUDUCHI) (2003)

Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) is a widely used shrub in folk and ayurvedic systems of medicine. This review presents a detailed survey of the literature on chemistry and medicinal properties of Tinospora cordifolia. The chemical constituents reported from this shrub belong to different classes such as alkaloids, diterpenoid lactones, glycosides, steroids, sesquiterpenoid, phenolics, aliphatic compounds and polysaccharides. The notable medicinal properties reported are anti-diabetic, anti-periodic, anti-spasmodic, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, anti-allergic, anti-stress, anti-leprotic, anti-malarial, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory and anti-neoplastic activities.
Eicosanoid signalling pathways in the heart (2008)

Myocardial phospholipids serve as primary reservoirs of arachidonic acid (AA), which is liberated through the rate-determining hydrolytic action of cardiac phospholipases A2 (PLA2s). A predominant PLA2 in myocardium is calcium-independent phospholipase A2beta (iPLA2beta), which, through its calmodulin (CaM) and ATP-binding domains, is regulated by alterations in local cellular Ca2+ concentrations and cardiac bioenergetic status, respectively. Importantly, iPLA2beta has been demonstrated to be activated by ischaemia through elevation of the concentration of myocardial fatty acyl-CoA, which abrogates Ca2+/CaM-mediated inhibition of iPLA2beta. AA released by PLA2-catalysed hydrolysis of phospholipids serves as a precursor for eicosanoids generated by pathways dependent on cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX), and cytochromes P450 (CYP). Eicosanoids initiate and propagate diverse signalling cascades, primarily through their interaction with cellular receptors and ion channels. However, during pathologic states such as ischaemia or congestive heart failure, eicosanoids contribute to multiple maladaptive changes including inflammation, alterations of cellular growth programmes, and activation of multiple transcriptional events leading to the deleterious sequelae of these pathologic states. This review summarizes the central roles of myocardial PLA(2)s in eicosanoid signalling in the heart, the major COX, LOX, and CYP pathways of eicosanoid generation in the myocardium, and the effects of important eicosanoids on receptor-, ion channel-, and transcription-mediated processes that facilitate cardiac hypertrophy, mediate ischaemic preconditioning, and precipitate arrhythmogenesis in response to pathologic stimuli.
Magnetic combinatorial thin-film libraries (2001)

Magnetic combinatorial libraries have been fabricated to investigate complex magnetic thin-film systems and to provide test samples for the development of on-wafer metrologies. The use of combinatorial material techniques is a new and powerful method to develop and investigate magnetic thin-film systems that require ternary or quaternary alloys. Libraries were fabricated by co-depositing Ni/sub 0.8/Fe/sub 0.2/, Co, and Tb in a configuration designed to provide compositional gradients across the wafer. The initial libraries consist of 20/spl times/20 sites, each marked with an identification number. The composition varies across the wafer, with compositions of Tb/sub 0.60/(NiFe)/sub 0.10/Co/sub 0.30/, Tb/sub 0.22/(NiFe)/sub 0.22/Co/sub 0.56/, Tb/sub 0.10/(NiFe)/sub 0.65/Co/sub 0.25/ at the Tb, Co, NiFe rich corners respectively. The purpose of this particular library was to investigate optimal magnetostrictive thin films that have large magnetostriction yet relatively small saturation fields, and to look for compositions that have large magneto-optical effects.
Stateful intrusion detection in high-speed networks: A formalization and analysis of high-speed stateful signature matching for intrusion detection (2009)

The present work is aimed to develop and analyze a novel model for distributed stateful intrusion detection able to scale in order to keep up with the pace of high speed network links. More precisely, in this work we make the following contributions: - We introduce a novel architecture for the distributed matching of stateful network-based signatures. - We present a novel algorithm that allows for the detection of complex, stateful attacks in a distributed fashion. - We provide a precise characterization of the bottlenecks that are inherent to the distributed matching of stateful signatures in the most general case. - We developed optimizing to reduce the impact of these bottlenecks and improve the performance of distributed detection. - We describe a working, yet demonstrative implementation of the system based on the Snort intrusion detection engine - We provide an evaluation of the implemented system on a real-world testbed
Stabilization of Atomic Hydrogen in Both Solution and Crystal at Room Temperature (1994)

Atomic hydrogen has been stably encapsulated in both solution and crystal at room temperature. Upon gamma-ray irradiation of [(CH(3))(3)Si](8)Si(8)O(20), which is the trimethylsilylated derivative of the silicate anion with a double four-ring (D4R) cage, electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra revealed that a single hydrogen atom is encapsulated in the center of the D4R cage and is stable for periods of many months. Attack by chemically reactive species such as oxygen was prevented by the D4R cage, but the ESR signal of the hydrogen atom was sensitive to the magnetic interaction caused by the presence of the O(2) molecule near the cage.
Long-chain phenols. Part 18. Conversion of anacardic acid into urushiol (1981)

(15 : 0)-Anacardic acid (6-pentadecylsalicylic acid), prepared by reduction of unsaturated anacardic acid from Anacardium occidentale, has been converted into anacardic alcohol (6-pentadecylsalicyl alcohol) and thence by oxidation at carbon into anacardaldehyde. Phenolic oxidation of anacardic alcoholled to 8-pentadecyl-1-oxaspiro-[2.5]octa-5,7-dien-4-one, itself readily convertible photochemically, but less so thermally, into anacardaldehyde. Reaction of thionyl chloride with anacardic acid led mainly to the anhydride, which by hydride reduction gave anacardaldehyde less satisfactorily. Dakin oxidation of anacardaldehyde furnished (15 : 0)-urushiol (3-pentadecylcatechol) identical chemically and from argentation t.l.c. with the hydrogenated natural product from Rhus vernicifera. (15 : 0)-Cardanol (3-pentadecylphenol) has been detected in hydrogenated urushiol. The composition of the unsaturated constituents of urushiol from Rhus vernicifera and Rhus toxicodendron and its mode of formation have been discussed. An improved synthesis of (15 : 0)-urushiol has been devised based on an organolithium route. Aromatic methyl ether and ester formation in this series is greatly facilitated by phase-transfer catalysis.
Dual-polarized dual-band antenna element for ISM bands (2009)

A dual-band element that operates in two separate industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands is presented that provides dual-linear or dual-circular polarization in each band. The element is ideal for wireless communication applications utilizing multiple protocol and/or Bluetooth technology. This design is realizable in cost effective printed circuit board technology making it an attractive design for low cost personal communications devices.
Progress in enzyme immunoassays: production of reagents, experimental design, and interpretation. (1985)

Enzyme immunoassays represent in many cases the preferred procedure for the detection of antigens or corresponding antibodies. However, many of the current procedures are performed suboptimally. This article reviews the available designs, auxiliary recognition systems, production and purification of antibodies, conjugation procedures, solid-phase materials, recording and interpretation of results, and quality control and standardization of procedures to improve the reproducibility of tests.
Costituzionalismo e crisi. Sulle trasformazioni di un paradigma politico dell’ordine (2026)

Prendendo le mosse dalla crisi economica iniziata nel 2008 e da quella dell’Unione europea, il saggio ricostruisce le trasformazioni della costellazione concettuale formata da costituzione, costituzionalizzazione e costituzionalismo. Particolare rilevanza viene attribuita al nesso tra la costituzionalizzazione come adattamento dinamico tra governo e società e costituzionalismo quale discorso politico che legittima quel movimento. Il saggio analizza tre diversi contesti discorsivi: quello del costituzionalismo classico (T. Paine e L. von Stein), quello del costituzionalismo neoliberale (F.A. von Hayek) e infine quello del costituzionalismo societario (G. Teubner). In tutti questi contesti viene esaminato criticamente il ruolo riservato allo Stato, alla società e agli individui, per verificare la tenuta del concetto di costituzionalismo. In conclusione viene messo in dubbio che esso, dopo l’irruzione del costituzionalismo neoliberale, sia ancora adeguato alla società mondo e al suo Stato globale con i rapporti di potere e di dominio che essi impongono.
K2/Kleisli and GUS: Experiments in integrated access to genomic data sources (2001)

The integrated access to heterogeneous data sources is a major challenge for the biomedical community. Several solution strategies have been explored: link-driven federation of databases, view integration, and warehousing. In this paper we report on our experiences with two systems that were developed at the University of Pennsylvania: K2, a view integration implementation, and GUS, a data warehouse. Although the view integration and the warehouse approaches each have advantages, there is no clear “winner.” Therefore, in selecting the best strategy for a particular application, users must consider the data characteristics, the performance guarantees required, and the programming resources available. Our experiences also point to some practical tips on how database updates should be published, and how XML can be used to facilitate the processing of updates in a warehousing environment.