gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal Replenishment and Rework with Multiple Unreliable Supply Sources (2001)

We study a production-inventory system with multiple unreliable supply sources. Through inspection and rework, the system can improve the quality of the units received from the supply sources. There are two interleaved decisions: the replenishment quantities from the sources and the inspection-rework quantities among the units received. We show the optimal solution to the replenishment decision can be efficiently derived from a greedy algorithm, and inspection-rework is optimally applied to a single source identified by the algorithm. Furthermore, in the case of linear cost functions, it is optimal to place orders from two supply sources, i.e., dual sourcing. The results extend to the infinite-horizon case, where an order-up-to policy is optimal. The model also readily adapts to situations in which the supply imperfection takes the form of a reduced delivery quantity (yield loss).
The effect of task-type and verbal aptitude on the conference structure and participant productivity on a small-group computer-mediated conference (1997)

The goal of this research was to investigate the effect of group composition and tasktype upon individual productivity and structure in a computer-mediated conference. While studies have been conducted relative to the effect of task type involving computer mediated conferences, the effect of group composition and the interaction between task type and group composition upon individual productivity has been absent.
Continuous-wave 1934  nm laser with 120  mW output power (2015)

This Letter describes an all-solid-state continuous-wave, deep-ultraviolet coherent source that generates more than 100 mW of output power at 193.4 nm. The source is based on nonlinear frequency conversion of three single-frequency infrared fiber laser master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) light sources.
Attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy to diagnose skin cancer and to distinguish different metastatic potential of melanoma cell (2018)

Early diagnosing of skin cancer and investigation of metastatic potential of cancer cells are very important to treat it appropriately. Infrared spectroscopy of biological tissues is an emerging technique which gives the spectral differences between healthy and diseased cells. In this work, we have demonstrated that attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy can be used in diagnostic of skin cancer and in differentiating metastatic potential of cancer cells. Using IR spectroscopy, we can identify various types of cancer such as basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, nevus and metastatic potential by alternations in hydration level and molecular changes. We examined biopsy of different types of cancer cells to diagnose skin cancer at early stages by using FTIR spectroscopy. To differentiate metastases we examined two human melanoma cells of same patient but at different metastatic potential and two murine melanoma cells with common genetic background but different metastatic potential. Our findings revealed that melanoma changes the permeability of cell membrane and higher metastatic potential is related to the hydration level of cell membrane. Thus, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is a potential technique to help in early diagnosing of skin cancer and to differentiate different metastatic potentials.
Alkylation of Ketoxime with Dichloromethane Using Bases under Phase-transfer Conditions. Formation of Methylene Dioxime and Novel Heteromacrocyclic Compounds (1985)

Abstract Ketoximes, when treated with KO2 (1 equiv) in the presence of di-μ-chlorobis(2-methylallyl)dipalladium(II) (0.1 equiv per Pd) in dichloromethane, give methylene dioximes in moderate yields. This alkylation of ketoximes with CH2Cl2 is also promoted by the use of potassium carbonate in the presence of phase-transfer catalysts such as 18-crown-6. Study on the reactivity of a series of ketoximes in these reactions shows that proton abstraction by base is a crucial step in the latter reaction. By contrast, in the former system the reactivity is supposed to be controlled by nucleophilicity of the oximate anion coordinated to palladium(II). Application of the present reaction to (E,E)-1,2-diketone dioxime such as dimethylglyoxime leads to the formation of novel 21-membered ring heteromacrocyclic compounds in which oxime units are sequentially linked by methylene bridge.
Control contaminants in olefin feedstocks and products. Part 2 (1996)

Impurities in polymer feedstocks affect new, site-specific, third-generation catalysts. To increase productivity and to manufacture value-added resins, polymer operators are using newer polymerization processes and subsequently converting to site-specific catalysts. Consequently, olefin producers must offer feedstocks that are nearly contaminant-free. An overview of innovative removal systems shows how to cost-effectively clean up process streams. The paper describes impurity removal systems for acetylene, CO{sub 2}, CO, H{sub 2}, CH{sub 4}, ethane in ethylene, and ethylene in propylene. It also discusses specific poisons to catalysts: ammonia, arsine, phosphine, and carbonyl sulfide.
Detection and estimation practices in radio and radar astronomy (1970)

A review is given of detection and estimation methods in current use in radio and radar astronomy. Methods of determining position and brightness distribution of radio sources by narrow-beam antennas, interferometry or lunar occultations are discussed. Observational procedures for the estimation of frequency spectra are explained. The fundamental problem in radar astronomy, viz., that of mapping, is reviewed, and several methods for the removal of ambiguities are considered. Schemes for the determination of range and velocity of a planet are also described.
Interfacial recognition of human prostate-specific antigen by immobilized monoclonal antibody: effects of solution conditions and surface chemistry (2012)

The specific recognition between monoclonal antibody (anti-human prostate-specific antigen, anti-hPSA) and its antigen (human prostate-specific antigen, hPSA) has promising applications in prostate cancer diagnostics and other biosensor applications. However, because of steric constraints associated with interfacial packing and molecular orientations, the binding efficiency is often very low. In this study, spectroscopic ellipsometry and neutron reflection have been used to investigate how solution pH, salt concentration and surface chemistry affect antibody adsorption and subsequent antigen binding. The adsorbed amount of antibody was found to vary with pH and the maximum adsorption occurred between pH 5 and 6, close to the isoelectric point of the antibody. By contrast, the highest antigen binding efficiency occurred close to the neutral pH. Increasing the ionic strength reduced antibody adsorbed amount at the silica-water interface but had little effect on antigen binding. Further studies of antibody adsorption on hydrophobic C8 (octyltrimethoxysilane) surface and chemical attachment of antibody on (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane/4-maleimidobutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester-modified surface have also been undertaken. It was found that on all surfaces studied, the antibody predominantly adopted the 'flat on' orientation, and antigen-binding capabilities were comparable. The results indicate that antibody immobilization via appropriate physical adsorption can replace elaborate interfacial molecular engineering involving complex covalent attachments.
3D Object Detection and Scene Optimization for Tangible Augmented Reality (2018)

Object recognition in 3D scenes is one of the fundamental tasks in computer vision. It is used frequently in robotics or augmented reality applications [1]. In our work we intend to apply 3D shape recognition to create a Tangible Augmented Reality system that is able to pair virtual and real objects in natural indoors scenes. In this paper we present a method for arranging virtual objects in a real-world scene based on primitive shape graphs. For our scheme, we propose a graph node embedding algorithm for graphs with vectorial nodes and edges, and genetic operators designed to improve the quality of the global setup of virtual objects. We show that our methods improve the quality of the arrangement significantly.
Ink-Jet Fabrication of Polymer Microlens for Optical-I/O Chip Packaging (2000)

We report on a simple and versatile method of fabricating polymer microlenses that can be easily integrated with optical devices. UV-curable epoxy resin is dropped onto optical devices by an ink-jet apparatus. When the droplets touch the surface, they form into partial spheres due to their surface tension. UV light irradiation for less than five minutes can easily turn them into solid microlenses. Various microlenses, having a geometrical diameter from 20 to 140 µm with F /1.0 to F /11.0, were successfully produced by controlling the volume and viscosity of the polymer resin and their wettability to the substrate. Their uniformity in a microlens array was measured to be within ±1% in diameter and ±3 µm in pitch. Hybrid integration of an ink-jetted microlens with a wire-bonded vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) was also demonstrated. When an ink-jetted microlens (45-µm diameter, F /2.0) was formed on the aperture of an 850-nm VCSEL, the coupling efficiency into a single-mode fiber was 4 dB higher than without the microlens.
An automated warehouse design validation using discrete simulation (2016)

In this paper we discuss the use of discrete simulation technique to support the redesign process of an automated warehouse system of the Brazilian Air Force unit. This unit is responsible for the supply of all uniform items and other military support material to their military forces. In particular, our work aims at analysing the inclusion of an automated sorting system to prepare uniforms individual kits in order to release downstream supply chain from this task. The main challenge was to investigate the impact on the existing storage system of a new sorting system and, simultaneously, to explore if additional management measures are required to satisfy both throughput levels and overall supply chain requirements. To accomplish a solution for such a complex problem simulation models were developed using ARENA software. Results have shown that the use of simulation allows not only the assessment of the impact of the new sorting equipment but also to test different warehouse management strategies that should be adopted concurrently to ensure that desired throughput levels can be achieved in the new scenario. In fact, this research illustrates the flexibility of the simulation tool to address several complex management issues simultaneously such as the introduction of picking sequencing rules, the use of a class-based storage policy, the addition of new picking stations, and an increase of the number of the available boxes used for transportation.
Sonic boom predictions using a modified Euler code (1992)

The environmental impact of a next generation fleet of high-speed civil transports (HSCT) is of great concern in the evaluation of the commercial development of such a transport. One of the potential environmental impacts of a high speed civilian transport is the sonic boom generated by the aircraft and its effects on the population, wildlife, and structures in the vicinity of its flight path. If an HSCT aircraft is restricted from flying overland routes due to excessive booms, the commercial feasibility of such a venture may be questionable. NASA has taken the lead in evaluating and resolving the issues surrounding the development of a high speed civilian transport through its High-Speed Research Program (HSRP). The present paper discusses the usage of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) nonlinear code in predicting the pressure signature and ultimately the sonic boom generated by a high speed civilian transport. NASA had designed, built, and wind tunnel tested two low boom configurations for flight at Mach 2 and Mach 3. Experimental data was taken at several distances from these models up to a body length from the axis of the aircraft. The near field experimental data serves as a test bed for computational fluid dynamic codes in evaluating their accuracy and reliability for predicting the behavior of future HSCT designs. Sonic boom prediction methodology exists which is based on modified linear theory. These methods can be used reliably if near field signatures are available at distances from the aircraft where nonlinear and three dimensional effects have diminished in importance. Up to the present time, the only reliable method to obtain this data was via the wind tunnel with costly model construction and testing. It is the intent of the present paper to apply a modified three dimensional Euler code to predict the near field signatures of the two low boom configurations recently tested by NASA.
<title>Comparison and evaluation of rigid and nonrigid registration of breast MR images</title> (1999)

In this paper we present a new approach for the non-rigid registration of contrast-enhanced breast MRI. A hierarchical transformation model of the motion of the breast has been developed. The global motion of the breast is modelled by an affine transformation while the local breast motion is described by a free-form deformation based on B-splines. Normalized mutual information is used as a voxel-based similarity measure which is insensitive to intensity changes as the result of the contrast enhancement. Registration is achieved by minimizing a cost function which represents a combination of the cost associated with the smoothness of the transformation and the cost associated with the image similarity. The algorithm has been applied to the fully automated registration of 3D breast MRI in volunteers and patients. In particular, we have compared the results of the proposed non-rigid registration algorithm to those obtained using rigid and affine registration techniques. The results clearly indicate that the non-rigid registration algorithm is much better able to recover the motion and deformation of the breast than rigid or affine registration algorithms.
Influence of design and operation parameters on Hall thruster performances (2004)

A stationary, macroscopic model [E. Ahedo, J. Gallardo, and M. Martı́nez-Sánchez, Phys. Plasmas 10, 3397 (2003)] is used to carry out parametric investigations on the effects of (i) the discharge voltage, (ii) the gas flow rate, (iii) the axial gradient of the magnetic field, and (iv) the chamber length on the Hall thruster performances and the axial structure of the plasma discharge. The high-thrust and high-specific-impulse modes for dual-mode thrusters are compared too. The results of the simulations agree well with the main tendencies observed in different experiments. The interaction among the several physical phenomena is discussed and useful scaling laws are proposed. Special attention is paid to understand (i) the adjustment of the magnetic field strength with the discharge voltage for optimum operation, (ii) the effect of the magnetic field shape, (iii) the dimensions of the different regions of the discharge, and (iv) the parameter trends needed to increment the propulsive and ionization efficiencies (the product of which determines the thrust efficiency).
Effect of Molecular Weight and Degree of Substitution of a Sodium-Carboxymethyl Cellulose Binder on Li<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Anodic Performance (2013)

This paper presents a detailed investigation of the influence of molecular weight (MW) and degree of substitution (DS) of sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) used as binder of Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) anodes. CMC MW and DS were in the range of 90 000 to 700 000 and 0.7 to 1.2, respectively. As demonstrated by coin cell tests, the LTO electrode that contained relatively low MW and high DS CMC showed excellent cyclic performance above 150 mAh g–1 even after 100 cycles. Unlike typical electrodes, the adhesion strength of the LTO electrodes was not a critical factor for cell performance. On the contrary, low coverage of CMC on the surface of LTO, which leads to weak adhesion, was more favorable to the cell performance than strong adhesion caused by high coverage. Both an increase in the DS and a decrease in the MW of CMC gave rise to low charge transfer resistance, high ion conductivity, good wettability with the electrolyte, and good lithium ion mobility owing to a relatively large amount of LTO exposed to directly the electrolyte so long as critical adhesion is guaranteed in the LTO electrode.
Yttrium Complexes of the Chelating,<i>C</i><sub>2</sub>-Symmetric, Bis(silylamido)biphenyl Ligand [DADMB]<sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>(={[6,6‘-Me<sub>2</sub>-(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>](2,2‘-NSiMe<sub>2</sub><sup>t</sup>Bu)<sub>2</sub>}<sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>) (1999)

The yttrium bis(silylamido)biphenyl complex [DADMB]YCl(THF)2 (2; DADMB = 2,2‘-bis((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)amido)-6,6‘-dimethylbiphenyl) was prepared from Li2[DADMB]·2THF and YCl3(THF)3, and its structure was determined by X-ray crystallography. Compound 2 reacts with MeLi and (Me3Si)2CHLi to give the corresponding alkyl derivatives [DADMB]YMe(THF)2 (3) and [DADMB]Y[CH(SiMe3)2](THF)(OEt2) (5), respectively. In the presence of silicone grease, the reaction of 2 with MeLi produces the yttrium trimethylsiloxide complex [DADMB]Y(OSiMe3)(THF)2 (4), which was also crystallographically characterized. Both 3 and 5 react with phenylsilane or H2 to give the insoluble, dimeric yttrium hydride {[DADMB]Y(μ-H)(THF)}2·C6H6 (6). The alkyl derivatives 3 and 5 exhibit only limited olefin polymerization activity; however, the hydride 6 reacts rapidly with ethylene or 1-hexene to give a single insertion product. The resulting yttrium ethyl complex 7 was structurally characterized. Compound 6 reacts with pyridine to produce a mixture of the isomeric 1,2- and 1,4-insertion products 9 and 10, [DADMB]Y(NC5H6)(pyr)2. Compound 9 converts quantitatively to 10 upon heating.
Valuing Africa's inland fisheries: overview of current methodologies with an emphasis on livelihood analysis (2003)

While Africa’s inland fisheries are widely recognized to be of great importance to local people, accurate and up-to-date information on their value is sparse and its absence is a serious constraint to the formulation of effective fisheries policies and management practices. As a contribution to current efforts to address this constraint, this paper reviews the different methods that are potentially applicable to the valuation of inland fisheries and discusses their respective rationales and limitations within a multi-sectoral, multi-user context. The livelihood analysis approach is given special emphasis. The complementarity of this recently developed approach with the other, more conventional, environmental economics methods is illustrated.
Polarity of human replication protein A binding to DNA (2001)

Replication protein A (RPA), the nuclear single-stranded DNA binding protein is involved in DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair (NER) and homologous recombination. It is a stable heterotrimer consisting of subunits with molecular masses of 70, 32 and 14 kDa (p70, p32 and p14, respectively). Gapped DNA structures are common intermediates during DNA replication and NER. To analyze the interaction of RPA and its subunits with gapped DNA we designed structures containing 9 and 30 nucleotide gaps with a photoreactive arylazido group at the 3'-end of the upstream oligonucleotide or at the 5'-end of the downstream oligonucleotide. UV crosslinking and subsequent analysis showed that the p70 subunit mainly interacts with the 5'-end of DNA irrespective of DNA structure, while the subunit orientation towards the 3'-end of DNA in the gap structures strongly depends on the gap size. The results are compared with the data obtained previously with the primer-template systems containing 5'- or 3'-protruding DNA strands. Our results suggest a model of polar RPA binding to the gapped DNA.
Improvements in MR Angiography Using Phase‐Corrected Data Sets (1989)

The objective of this work is refinement of an MR angiography technique via postprocessing removal of phase errors which inhibit static signal subtraction. Projective views of the object are obtained using interleaved flow-compensated and noncompensated gradient waveforms. Complex subtraction of data sets is required since a projection dephase pulse is used for static signal suppression. This renders the difference image susceptible to systematic phase errors which are modeled as a smoothly varying multiplicative phase function. The error function is estimated by comparison of heavily spatial filtered renditions of the object acquired without projection dephasing in order to minimize influence of flow. The phase correction is then applied to high-resolution data sets collected with projection dephasing to enhance flow sensitivity. The technique is demonstrated by improvement of MR angiograms of rats acquired on a 2-T, 31-cm-bore system.
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) (2006)

Grapevine (Vitis) is considered to be one of the major fruit crops in the world based on hectares cultivated and economic value. Grapes are used not only for wine but also for fresh fruit, dried fruit, and juice production. Wine is by far the major product of grapes and the focus of this chapter is on wine grape cultivars. Grapevine cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. have a reputation for producing premium quality wines. These premium quality wines are produced from a small number of cultivars that enjoy a high level of consumer acceptance and are firmly entrenched in the market place because of varietal name branding and the association of certain wine styles and regions with specific cultivars. In light of this situation, grapevine improvement by a transgenic approach is attractive when compared to a classical breeding approach. The transfer of individual traits as single genes with a minimum disruption to the original genome would leave the traditional characteristics of the cultivar intact. However, a reliable transformation system is required for a successful transgenic approach to grapevine improvement. There are three criteria for achieving an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system: (1) the production of highly regenerative transformable tissue, (2) optimal co-cultivation conditions for both grapevine tissue and Agrobacterium, and (3) an efficient selection regime for transgenic plant regeneration. In this chapter, we describe a grapevine transformation system which meets the above mentioned criteria.