gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of B<sub>1</sub>1 and B<sub>2</sub>kinin receptor antagonists in diabetic mice (1996)

Streptozotocin (STZ) has been extensively used to produce type I diabetes in animals. This experimental disease is characterized by a mild inflammatory reaction in the Langerhans islets. Because kinins have been proposed as prominent inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of several diseases, we decided to evaluate the role of kinins and their receptors in the evolution of insulitis. Male C57BL/Ks mdb mice were injected with STZ (40 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days. The kinin B1 receptor antagonist [Leu8]des-Arg9-bradykinin or the B2 antagonist d-Arg[Hyp3,Thi5,D-Tic7, Oic8]bradykinin (HOE-140) was injected subcutaneously into STZ mice at 300 micrograms/kg body weight twice a day and 500 micrograms/kg per day, respectively. Treatment with antagonists was started 3 days after STZ and lasted for 10 days. Plasma glucose was determined by the glucose oxidase method, and urine samples collected on day 13 were assayed for proteins, nitrites, and kallikreins. Diabetic mice showed hyperglycemia and increased diuresis, marked proteinuria, and increased excretion of nitrites and kallikreins. The treatment with the B2 receptor antagonist did not show any effect on glycemia, but it significantly reduced water and protein excretion, compared with the STZ group. STZ mice treated with the B1 receptor antagonist showed normal glycemia and complete normalization of diuresis and protein, nitrite, and kallikrein excretion. The results obtained in the present investigation support the assumption that the kallikrein-kinin system intervenes in the maintenance of diabetic lesions, and they also indicate that B1 kinin receptors play a significant role in this experimental disease.
Direct 3D pose estimation of a planar target (2016)

Estimating 3D pose of a known object from a given 2D image is an important problem with numerous studies for robotics and augmented reality applications. While the state-of-the-art Perspective-n-Point algorithms perform well in pose estimation, the success hinges on whether feature points can be extracted and matched correctly on targets with rich texture. In this work, we propose a robust direct method for 3D pose estimation with high accuracy that performs well on both textured and textureless planar targets. First, the pose of a planar target with respect to a calibrated camera is approximately estimated by posing it as a template matching problem. Next, the object pose is further refined and disambiguated with a gradient descent search scheme. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real datasets demonstrate the proposed direct pose estimation algorithm performs favorably against state-of-the-art feature-based approaches in terms of robustness and accuracy under several varying conditions.
Characterization, degradation, and mechanical strength of poly(<scp>D,L</scp>‐lactide‐<i>co</i>‐ϵ‐caprolactone)‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(<scp>D,L</scp>‐lactide‐<i>co</i>‐ϵ‐caprolactone) (2007)

A series of three biocompatible P(CL-co-LA)-PEG-P(CL-co-LA) copolymers were synthesized using ring-opening polymerization and characterized by 1H-NMR, gel permeation chromatography, DSC, dynamic-mechanical analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The number of monomer units was kept constant, while the D,L-LA fraction was varied so as to constitute 0, 30, or 70% of the end segments. The molecular weights were sufficiently high to eventually permit 3D scaffold preparation. A degradation study was carried out over 26 weeks, and the effect of monomer composition on the rate of degradation as well as on changes in mechanical strength was investigated. Pure polycaprolactone (PCL)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-PCL copolymer, P(100/0), was a crystalline material displaying no measurable mass loss, a 30% reduction in mean molecular weight (Mn), and only very slight changes in tensile strength. The random incorporation of 30 and 70% D,L-LA into the end sections of the polymer chain, produced more and more amorphous materials, exhibiting increasingly high rates of degradation, mass loss, and loss of tensile strength. Compared with random P(CL-co-LA), the presence of the PEG block was found both to improve hydrophilicity and thus the rate of degradation and to infer a stabilizing quality, thereby pacing the decrease in tensile strength during degradation. The tested copolymers range from materials exhibiting low mechanical strength and high rate of degradation to slow-degrading materials with high mechanical strength suitable, e.g., for three-dimensional scaffolding.
Effects of triazole schiff base derivative on the differentiation and apoptosis of human hepatocarcinoma cells (2008)

Aim To study the effect of 3-pyridin-3-yl-4-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzylidene)amino]-5-me-thylsulfanyl-4H-[1,2,4] triazole (LH-37) on induction of differentiation and apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma BEL-7402 cells. Methods BEL-7402 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 and treated by LH-37 at different doses. The proliferation of the cells and the inhibition effect of LH-37 on the cell proliferation were examined by MTT assay. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the changes of alpha fetoprotein(α-FP)mRNA and albumin(Alb). The concentration of α-FP in the cells was detected by ELISA assay. Cell morphology was observed by fluorescence microscope techniques. The protein expressions of active caspase-3 in BEL-7402 cells were observed by immunohistochemical staining. Western blot was used to assay caspase-3 and caspase-9. Colorimetric method was used to assay activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The apoptotic cells were assayed by flow cytometry (FCM) with annexin V-FITC conjugated and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Results The cell proliferation was inhibited by LH-37 at 10 μmol·L-1~1 mmol·L-1 in dose dependent manners. After treated with 10 μmol·L-1 or 1.0 μmol·L-1 LH-37, the mRNA and protein expression of α-FP were significantly reduced but mRNA expression of Alb was significantly increased. Treatment of BEL-7402 cells with different LH-37 concentrations for 48 hours increased the percentage of active caspase-3 positive cells and protein expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9. More apoptosis features of cells were observed in LH-37 ( 100 μmol·L-1) treatment groups than in control group. LH-37 markedly promoted the viability of SOD and decreased CAT in BEL-7402 cells. Counclusion LH-37 might inhibit proliferation and induce differentiation and apoptosis of human hepatocarcinoma BEL-7402 cells, which might be related to the cytotoxicity of the intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
Two‐hybrid protein–protein interaction analysis in Arabidopsis protoplasts: establishment of a heterodimerization map of group C and group S bZIP transcription factors (2006)

In vivo protein-protein interactions are frequently studied by means of yeast two-hybrid analysis. However, interactions detected in yeast might differ considerably in the plant system. Based on GAL4 DNA-binding (BD) and activation domains (AD) we established an Arabidopsis protoplast two-hybrid (P2H) system. The use of Gateway-compatible vectors enables the high-throughput screening of protein-protein interactions in plant cells. The efficiency of the system was tested by examining the homo- and heterodimerization properties of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors. A comprehensive heterodimerization matrix of Arabidopsis thaliana group C and group S bZIP transcription factors was generated by comparing the results of yeast and protoplast two-hybrid experiments. Surprisingly, almost no homodimerization but rather specific and selective heterodimerization was detected. Heterodimers were preferentially formed between group C members (AtbZIP9, -10, -25, -63) and members of group S1 (AtbZIP1, -2, -11, -44, -53). In addition, significant but low-affinity interactions were detected inside group S1, S2 or C AtbZIPs, respectively. As a quantitative approach, P2H identified weak heterodimerization events which were not detected in the yeast system. Thus, in addition to cell biological techniques, P2H is a valuable tool for studying protein-protein interaction in living plant cells.
A First Course in Finite Elements (2007)

Developed from the authors, combined total of 50 years undergraduate and graduate teaching experience, this book presents the finite element method formulated as a general-purpose numerical procedure for solving engineering problems governed by partial differential equations. 
Focusing on the formulation and application of the finite element method through the integration of finite element theory, code development, and software application, the book is both introductory and self-contained, as well as being a hands-on experience for any student. This authoritative text on Finite Elements: Adopts a generic approach to the subject, and is not application specific In conjunction with a web-based chapter, it integrates code development, theory, and application in one book Provides an accompanying Web site that includes ABAQUS Student Edition, Matlab data and programs, and instructor resources Contains a comprehensive set of homework problems at the end of each chapter Produces a practical, meaningful course for both lecturers, planning a finite element module, and for students using the text in private study. Accompanied by a book companion website housing supplementary material that can be found at http://www.wileyeurope.com/college/Fish A First Course in Finite Elements is the ideal practical introductory course for junior and senior undergraduate students from a variety of science and engineering disciplines.  The accompanying advanced topics at the end of each chapter also make it suitable for courses at graduate level, as well as for practitioners who need to attain or refresh their knowledge of finite elements through private study.
mTOR Controls Cell Cycle Progression through Its Cell Growth Effectors S6K1 and 4E-BP1/Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E (2003)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) integrates nutrient and mitogen signals to regulate cell growth (increased cell mass and cell size) and cell division. The immunosuppressive drug rapamycin inhibits cell cycle progression via inhibition of mTOR; however, the signaling pathways by which mTOR regulates cell cycle progression have remained poorly defined. Here we demonstrate that restoration of mTOR signaling (by using a rapamycin-resistant mutant of mTOR) rescues rapamycin-inhibited G(1)-phase progression, and restoration of signaling along the mTOR-dependent S6K1 or 4E-BP1/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) pathways provides partial rescue. Furthermore, interfering RNA-mediated reduction of S6K1 expression or overexpression of mTOR-insensitive 4E-BP1 isoforms that block eIF4E activity inhibit G(1)-phase progression individually and additively. Thus, the activities of both the S6K1 and 4E-BP1/eIF4E pathways are required for and independently mediate mTOR-dependent G(1)-phase progression. In addition, overexpression of constitutively active mutants of S6K1 or wild-type eIF4E accelerates serum-stimulated G(1)-phase progression, and stable expression of wild-type S6K1 confers a proliferative advantage in low-serum-containing media, suggesting that the activity of each of these pathways is limiting for cell proliferation. These data demonstrate that, as for the regulation of cell growth and cell size, the S6K1 and 4E-BP1/eIF4E pathways each represent critical mediators of mTOR-dependent cell cycle control.
Solid Electrolyte Coulometry; Silver Bromide Electrolyte (1968)

The properties of a new type of coulometer utilizing a solid electrolyte have been investigated. The system consists of silver bromide electrolyte between a silver and a gold electrode. Coulombs of charge are recorded by plating silver on the gold electrode and then recovered by stripping the silver from the gold electrolytically. A voltage rise when the gold electrode is depleted of silver serves as the end‐point indicator. Under carefully controlled conditions, more than 99% of the silver plated on the gold could be stripped off. However, long charging periods or idle periods between charging and stripping gave low results.
On the Projective Curvature Tensor of Generalized Sasakian-Space-Forms (2010)

Abstract The object of the present paper is to study the nature of generalized Sasakian-space-forms under some conditions regarding projective curvature tensor. All the results obtained in this paper are in the form of necessary and sufficient conditions.
Ovarian cancer cell invasiveness is associated with discordant exosomal sequestration of Let-7 miRNA and miR-200 (2014)

The data obtained in this study are consistent with the hypothesis that the releases of exosomes varies significantly between ovarian cancer cell lines and correlates with their invasive potential.
Bilateral injection of isoproterenol into hippocampus induces Alzheimer‐like hyperphosphorylation of tau and spatial memory deficit in rat (2004)

The abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies; as yet the exact role of various tau kinases in this pathology is not fully understood. Here, we show that injection of isoproterenol, an activator of cAMP-dependent kinase (PKA), into rat hippocampus bilaterally results in the activation of PKA, calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and cyclin-dependent kinase-5, inhibition of protein phosphatase-2A, hyperphosphorylation of tau at several Alzheimer-like epitopes and a disturbance of spatial memory retention 48 h after the drug injection. These findings suggest the involvement of PKA and PKA-mediated signaling pathway in the Alzheimer-like tau hyperphosphorylation and memory impairment.
Cross protection among Haemophilus parasuis strains in immunized gnotobiotic pigs. (1991)

In an attempt to establish if cross protection can be induced by different strains of Haemophilus parasuis, three groups of 12 gnotobiotic pigs were immunized each with an aluminum hydroxide adsorbed whole cell bacterin of one of three H. parasuis strains. Two weeks later, four pigs within each vaccinated group were challenged with aerosols of live cultures of each of the three test strains and observed for response. Two virulent strains V1 and V2 protected all the vaccinated pigs, while all nonvaccinated controls succumbed to Glasser's disease when challenged with these strains. Vaccination with strain LV (of low virulence) protected the pigs against challenge with strain V2, but not against strain V1. Strain LV did not cause disease in the immunized animals and only in one of ten nonimmunized pigs upon second challenge. The results suggest that strains may differ in antigenicity and that virulence and immunoprotection are positively related. Strains to be used in commercial vaccines should therefore be selected carefully. Antibodies detected in the sera of vaccinated pigs were to outer membrane proteins of the bacteria, but not to lipopolysaccharides or capsular polysaccharides. This would suggest that for gnotobiotic pigs outer membrane proteins are more immunogenic than lipopolysaccharide or capsular antigens. Further work is needed to determine if outer membrane proteins also contribute protective immunogens.
Simplified Process Developed in Japan Fabricates Stronger C/C Composites (1989)

"Simplified Process Developed in Japan Fabricates Stronger C/C Composites." Materials and Processing Report, 4(8), pp. 2–3
Vergleichende Untersuchungen verschiedener Meßmethoden zur Blutflußbestimmung aus digitalen Angiogrammen - Comparison of Different Methods of Measuring Blood Flow from Digital Angiograms (1978)

Article Vergleichende Untersuchungen verschiedener Meßmethoden zur Blutflußbestimmung aus digitalen Angiogrammen - Comparison of Different Methods of Measuring Blood Flow from Digital Angiograms was published on January 1, 1978 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 23, issue 9).
High quality digital audio (1991)

Suggests that in digital-audio systems aspiring to the description 'high-quality', an area of major importance is its accuracy in handling low-level signals. To some extent this focus reflects the author's direct experience designing and using digital audio components. The mechanisms of low-level distortions, both static and dynamic have been examined, as has the behaviour of some converter and DSP combinations. To assess the significance of noise and distortion products, auditory-band filtering was introduced, and the error of using 1/3oct filtering was examined. Setting typical replay levels for the system allows us estimation of the detectability of noise and other errors in the system. The author has proposed determining a quality measure based on the difference between the spectra TPD, triangular probability distributions, modulation noise and digital silence-where for a perfect chain all three curves would overlay. This raises some questions on the wisdom of using noise-shaped dither in real systems. >
Field-theoretical renormalization group for a flat two-dimensional Fermi surface (2005)

We implement an explicit two-loop calculation of the coupling functions and the self-energy of interacting fermions with a two-dimensional flat Fermi surface in the framework of the field theoretical renormalization group (RG) approach. Throughout the calculation both the Fermi surface and the Fermi velocity are assumed to be fixed and unaffected by interactions. We show that in two dimensions, in a weak coupling regime, there is no significant change in the RG flow compared to the well-known one-loop results available in the literature. However, if we extrapolate the flow to a moderate coupling regime there are interesting new features associated with an anisotropic suppression of the quasiparticle weight $Z$ along the Fermi surface, and the vanishing of the renormalized coupling functions for several choices of the external momenta.
Effect of the I<sub>to</sub>activator NS5806 on cloned K<sub>v</sub>4 channels depends on the accessory protein KChIP2 (2010)

NS5806 modulated K(V)4 channel gating depending on the presence of KChIP2, suggesting that NS5806 can potentially be used to address the molecular composition as well as the physiological role of cardiac I(to).
New Insights into Smile, Mispricing, and Value at Risk: The Hyperbolic Model (1998)

The authors investigate a new basic model for asset pricing, the hyperbolic model, which allows an almost perfect statistical fit of stock return data. After a detailed introduction into the theory they use secondary market data to compare the hyperbolic model to the classical Black-Scholes model. The authors study implicit volatilities, the smile effect, and pricing performance. Exploiting the full power of the hyperbolic model, they construct an option value process from a statistical point of view by estimating the implicit risk-neutral density function from option data. Finally, the authors present some new value-at-risk calculations leading to new perspectives to cope with model risk. Copyright 1998 by University of Chicago Press.
An Improved Procedure for Preparing Smaller and Nearly Monodispersed Thiol-Stabilized Platinum Nanoparticles (2003)

10.1021/la034596q
Graph-based learning from large image collections (2015)

With the explosion of online images, it has been increasingly interesting for computer vision researchers to model large collections of images using machine learning techniques. Images, or observations by cameras in the real world, are natural units of information that are correlated to each other. For example, one of the ways that such correlation can be established is to check if two images observe the same part of the world (i.e. geometrically consistent). Hence, it is attractive to model images as well as their relationships with graphs. To achieve this goal, we need to first answer a few questions. First, how do we define such graphs and how do we acquire them? Second, how should we use such graphs to formulate learning such that the results are useful for computer vision tasks? Third, for large image sets, can we find ways to model the information in the set with a much smaller graph? This thesis attempts to answer these questions with three corresponding chapters. In Chapter 2, we define the image graph as images (nodes) connected by an edge if and only if they are geometrically consistent, i.e. they have significant overlap. Chapter 2 will focus on how to acquire such graphs efficiently given a raw set of images. In short, our approach processes a set of images in an iterative manner, alternately performing pairwise feature matching and learning an improved similarity measure. In Chapter 3, we formulate a learning problem making use of such image graph on a set of Internet tourist images for the task of location recog- nition. In particular, starting from a graph based on visual connectivity, we propose a method for selecting a set of overlapping subgraphs and learning a local distance function for each subgraph using discriminative techniques. We demonstrate that our methods improve performance over standard bag-ofwords methods on several existing location recognition datasets. Finally, we propose a method for reducing the size of a Structure from Motion model using an image-point visibility graph in Chapter 4, and we show that this method produces small models that yield better recognition performance than previous model reduction techniques.
Low-Angle Radar Tracking in the Presence of Multipath (1974)

This paper is concerned with the problem of tracking radar targets in the low-angle regime where conventional tracking radars encounter difficulty due to the presence of a surface-reflected ray. Starting with a classical maximum-likelihood analysis of the problem of two closely spaced targets, two different techniques are evolved which are theoretically capable of dealing with the multipath problem. The expected accuracy has been studied both analytically and by means of computer simulations. Experimental programs have demonstrated the feasibility of both techniques. The paper also includes a discussion of certain alternative solutions to the problem.
Automatic topic identification using webpage clustering (2002)

Grouping Web pages into distinct topics is one way of organizing the large amount of retrieved information on the Web. In this paper, we report that, based on a similarity metric, which incorporates textual information, hyperlink structure and co-citation relations, an unsupervised clustering method can automatically and effectively identify relevant topics, as shown in experiments on several retrieved sets of Web pages. The clustering method is a state-of-art spectral graph partitioning method based on the normalized cut criterion first developed for image segmentation.
Dicamba Absorption and Translocation as Influenced by Formulation and Surfactant (1985)

Absorption and translocation of 14 C-dicamba (3,6-dichloro- o -anisic acid) in seven salt formulations were determined 60 h after application to leaves of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Williams’] grown in nutrient solution. The dimethylamine (DMA) formulation was consistently absorbed and retained in the plant in amounts equal to or greater (46% of recovered 14 C) than other formulations (which averaged 19% of recovered 14 C) when applied without surfactant. Absorption and subsequent retention of the DMA formulation in the plant was least affected of all formulations by the addition of a surfactant. With a surfactant, absorption of the DMA, monoethanolamine (MEA), and inorganic salt formulations was similar (>75% of recovered 14 C). Addition of seven surfactants to the K-salt of dicamba increased both the amount of 14 C absorbed by 35 to 56% and the amount recovered in the plant. All surfactants except one enhanced absorption of the K-salt of dicamba to a similar degree. Dicamba exhibited predominantly symplastic translocation with the majority of 14 C being recovered in the new second trifoliolate leaves and nutrient solution. As much as 66% of the radioactivity absorbed through the leaves was exuded by roots into the nutrient solution 60 h after leaf treatment.