gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Sensitive Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Mass Spectrometry for High-Throughput Metabolic Profiling (2009)

In the present study, a high-throughput and nontargeted metabolomic technique using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) was developed for the rapid analysis of cellular metabolites. Either the detection limit or the linearity between concentrations of several standards and peak intensities was examined, indicating a detection limit lower than 10 fmol/well with a high linearity at low concentrations. To verify the validity of this method, metabolites from human acute lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells were analyzed. Only 2,500 cells suspended in PBS were directly dropped onto a stainless MALDI sample plate, followed by mixing with matrix on the sample plate. Up to 150 metabolite peaks were detected from a single analysis within 90 s. For multivariate analysis of Jurkat cells against drug-treatment, three anticancer drugs were utilized. Principal component analysis of metabolites showed clear independent clusters for cells treated with these anticancer drugs. Furthermore, several metabolites involved in nucleotide synthesis were found to contribute to the separation of each cluster. These data suggest that the high-throughput MALDI-MS-based metabolomic technique proposed in the present study can be utilized for drug screening and validation of drug efficacy and safety.
The “Smellicopter,” a bio-hybrid odor localizing nano air vehicle (2019)

Robotic airborne chemical source localization has critical applications ranging from search and rescue to hazard detection to pollution assessment. Previous demonstrations on flying robots have required search times in excess of ten minutes, or required computation-intensive signal processing, largely because of the slow response of semiconductor gas sensors. To mitigate these limitations, we developed a hybrid biological/synthetic chemical sensing platform consisting of a moth antenna on an aerial robot. We demonstrate that our robot, a 9 centimeter nano drone, can repeatedly detect and reach the source of a volatile organic chemical plume in less than a minute. We also introduce wind vanes to passively aim the robot upwind, greatly simplifying control. To our knowledge this is the first odor-finding robot to use this approach, and it allows for localization using feedback only from sensors carried on-board rather than GPS, allowing indoor operation. The chemical sensor consists of a hybrid biological/synthetic integrated chemical sensor (electroantennogram) using an excised antenna of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta and associated miniaturized electrophysiology conditioning circuitry. Our robot performs an insect-inspired cast-and-surge search algorithm inspired by the odor-tracking behavior observed in Manduca sexta. These results represent a significant step toward robots that have the speed and sensitivity of biological systems.
S-opsin knockout mice with the endogenous M-opsin gene replaced by an L-opsin variant (2013)

Specific variants of human long-wavelength (L) and middle-wavelength (M) cone opsin genes have recently been associated with a variety of vision disorders caused by cone malfunction, including red-green color vision deficiency, blue cone monochromacy, myopia, and cone dystrophy. Strikingly, unlike disease-causing mutations in rhodopsin, most of the cone opsin alleles that are associated with vision disorders do not have deleterious point mutations. Instead, specific combinations of normal polymorphisms that arose by genetic recombination between the genes encoding L and M opsins appear to cause disease. Knockout/knock-in mice promise to make it possible to study how these deleterious cone opsin variants affect the structure, function, and viability of the cone photoreceptors. Ideally, we would like to evaluate different variants that cause vision disorders in humans against a control pigment that is not associated with vision disorders, and each variant should be expressed as the sole photopigment in each mouse cone, as is the case in humans. To evaluate the feasibility of this approach, we created a line of mice to serve as the control in the analysis of disease-causing mutations by replacing exon 2 through 6 of the mouse M-opsin gene with the corresponding cDNA for a human L-opsin variant that is associated with normal vision. Experiments reported here establish that the resulting pigment, which differs from the endogenous mouse M opsin at 35 amino acid positions, functions normally in mouse cones. This pigment was evaluated in mice with and without coexpression of the mouse short wavelength (S) opsin. Here, the creation and validation of two lines of genetically engineered mice that can be used to study disease-causing variants of human L/M-opsins, in vivo, are described.
Highly stable heterostructured Ag–AgBr/TiO2 composite: a bifunctional visible-light active photocatalyst for destruction of ibuprofen and bacteria (2012)

A bifunctional visible-light photocatalyst Ag–AgBr/TiO2 was synthesized by a facile one-pot method. The three-component composite exhibited much superior visible-light photocatalytic activities for ibuprofen (IBP) degradation and mineralization as compared to single-component (TiO2) and two-component (Ag/TiO2, Ag–AgBr) systems, as well as the conventional Ag–AgBr/P25. After 6 h of white LED irradiation, 81% of organic carbon could be mineralized along with decreased aromaticity and toxicity of the IBP degradation products. Meanwhile, the synthesized Ag–AgBr/TiO2 exhibited much stronger antibacterial activities than TiO2 and conventional Ag–AgBr/P25 under white LED irradiation. More interestingly, the Ag–AgBr/TiO2 had novel antibacterial activities against E. coli in the dark as compared to other Ag–AgBr/semiconductor photocatalysts that have been reported. For the first time, the action spectrum of Ag–AgBr/TiO2 was investigated using different colors of LED to elucidate the roles of Ag nanoparticles and AgBr in its visible-light photocatalytic activity. It reveals that both AgBr and Ag nanoparticles were photoactive species contributing to the high photocatalytic performance. Among the various oxidative species (h+, ˙OH, O2˙− and 1O2), O2˙− was the predominant species involved in IBP degradation upon the Ag–AgBr/TiO2 under white LED irradiation. The visible-light photocatalytic mechanism of Ag–AgBr/TiO2 and factor contributing to its high photostability in water are proposed.
A framework to use SIP in ad-hoc networks (2004)

A rapid increase in wireless communication services has occurred during the last years. Infrastructure-less ad-hoc networks emerge as an interesting option to provide pervasive wireless services, although several challenges must be resolved first. Our paper focuses on issues related to signalling and presence management in mobile wireless ad-hoc networks. We present a framework to use SIP in this kind of networks. The objective of this framework is to allow the users of ad-hoc networks to communicate with each other and exchange instant messages. This framework permits the discovery of participants, the establishment, the publishing and the ending of two-party or multiparty sessions by providing SIP (session initiation protocol) extensions. To cope with the bandwidth limitation problem, it is proposed to unify the network layer routing protocols and the application layer SIP REGISTER methods. Scalability of the framework is improved by introducing a clustering approach that group nodes together into clusters.
Efficient matrix approach to optical wave propagation and Linear Canonical Transforms (2015)

The Fresnel diffraction integral form of optical wave propagation and the more general Linear Canonical Transforms (LCT) are cast into a matrix transformation form. Taking advantage of recent efficient matrix multiply algorithms, this approach promises an efficient computational and analytical tool that is competitive with FFT based methods but offers better behavior in terms of aliasing, transparent boundary condition, and flexibility in number of sampling points and computational window sizes of the input and output planes being independent. This flexibility makes the method significantly faster than FFT based propagators when only a single point, as in Strehl metrics, or a limited number of points, as in power-in-the-bucket metrics, are needed in the output observation plane.
A 50-ps 7 K-gate masterslice using mixed cells consisting of an NTL gate and an LCML macrocell (1987)

A 7 K-gate bipolar masterslice providing high-speed gates as well as highly functional cells has been developed. A basic mixed cell consisting of both a nonthreshold logic (NTL) gate and an LCML macrocell is introduced. A 1-/spl mu/m-rule super self-aligned process technology (SST-1A) is adopted in combination with three-level metallization technology. A basic NTL gate delay of 50 ps has been achieved with a power dissipation of 1.84 mW. For flip-flop (FF) performance using a macrocell, a toggle frequency of up to 2.6 GHz is obtained with 3.78 mW/FF. For application, a 24-bit parallel multiplier having a multiplication time of 12.8 ns is customized with a power dissipation of 5.1 W.
Wide-Field Feature-Specific Imaging (2007)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. D. Stenner, P. Shankar, and M. A. Neifeld, "Wide-Field Feature-Specific Imaging," in Frontiers in Optics 2007/Laser Science XXIII/Organic Materials and Devices for Displays and Energy Conversion, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2007), paper FMJ2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The Multi-Dimensional Field: Applied Anthropology in Senegal (1997)

For the last three years I have been employed with a large agricultural project in Senegal. I have learned a great deal about things like gaps in approach between extension technicians and researchers, between the Francophone concept of "research and development," and the American terms "outreach" and "extension." I have also learned more about the macro dynamics of nongovernment organizations (NGOs) in a country's development and the problems of communications related to bureaucracies. These are things that I would have expected to have to consider.
Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques — Implications for the Clinical Community (2016)

An Institute of Medicine committee concluded that it's ethical to pursue clinical studies of mitochondrial replacement techniques, under certain conditions, but that critical safety and efficacy questions remain before regulatory approval or clinical use can occur.
Novel microfluidic flow sensor based on a microchannel capped by porous silicon (2007)

Abstract This work concerns the fabrication, modeling and characterization of a novel microfluidic flow sensor based on a microchannel capped with a porous silicon membrane, on top of which the sensor active elements are integrated. The microchannel is formed through a two‐step anodization process. In the first step a mesoporous silicon layer is formed on a lithographically defined area, while in the second step a channel is formed underneath the porous layer by electropolishing. The channel is buried into bulk silicon and capped with a free‐standing porous silicon layer, which is co‐planar with the Si substrate. The overall developed process for the formation of the device will be described and simulation and device characterization results will be presented. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Web site quality evaluation combining eyetracking and physiologicial measures to self-reported emotions: an exploratory research (2008)

Studying Human Computer interaction, standard usability measures have focused on effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction and do not incorporate emotions [1]. Recently, the importance of the affective quality in the design and in the evaluation of interactive systems has been stressed [2]. With e-commerce and the multiplication of retail Web sites, taking emotions into considerations become crucial as it has been clearly established that consumers are not always rational in their choices, nor utilitarian in their motivations [3]. If there is much more than cognitive information processing going on while consumers are online [4], measuring behavior for interactive systems evaluation has almost exclusively limited its focus to cognitive activities. Models combining emotions with human information processing variables are scarce and when available, they rely on reported data [5]. Research has shown though, that emotions are experienced both at the conscious and preconscious levels [6]. We will present an exploratory project, where we attempted to tackle this complex phenomenon. We triangulated non-consciously informed data derived from eyetracking and physiological measures, with post activity self-report of emotions on a scale to measure emotional reaction of users who are exploring a commercial Web site [7].
ChemInform Abstract: Lactones. Part 18. Synthesis of Lactone‐Bridged 1,1‐Diarylpropanamines. (1989)

Abstract The β‐aroylacrylic acids (I) react with the cyclic amines (II), yielding the γ‐keto‐α‐amino acids (III).
Effective and Mild Ionic Hydrogenation of Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, Methyl Alcohol, Formic Acid, Carbonyl Sulfide and Carbon Disulfide to Methane with Sodium Borohydride/Trifluoromethanesulfonic (triflic) Acid<sup>1</sup> (1990)

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methyl alcohol, formic acid, carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide are reduced to methane by ionic hydrogenation using sodium borohydride and superacidic trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Experimental details are given and the mechanism is discussed.
Regulatory circuits in autoimmunity: recruitment of counter‐regulatory CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells by encephalitogenic CD4<sup>+</sup> T line cells (1988)

In this study, pretreatment of Lewis rats with a syngeneic encephalitogenic T cell line (S1) was found to be able to constantly induce resistance to the subsequent induction of transferred experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (tEAE). This treatment was capable of protecting recipient animals for at least 2-4 months. Here we show an enhanced suppressor T(anti-S1) cell activity, which can be readily detected in the lymphoid organs of animals which recovered from S1-induced tEAE, or from rats pretreated with attenuated (irradiated, fixative treated or water-lysed) S1 cells. Anti-S1 cells, which uniformly express the CD8 phenotype, were selectively stimulated to grow and expand into lines by confronting primed lymphoid cells with irradiated S1 cells in culture. The proliferative response of anti-S1 cells was independent of myelin basic protein and antigen-presenting cells, and the responses against unrelated encephalitogenic T cell lines were minimal. It was also found that none of the monoclonal antibodies tested (including CD8 and MHC class I antigen-specific antibodies) was able to block S1/anti-S1 interactions. These cells are functionally suppressive to the proliferation of S1 cells in vitro, are specifically cytolytic directed against the EAE-inducing S1 cells and are able to antagonize encephalitogenic capacity of S1 cells in vivo. In vivo elimination of the CD8+ T subset from Lewis rats, using a combined treatment of thymectomy and OX-8 antibody injection before the initial cell transfer, totally blocked the induction of resistance. Our experiments document that induction of functionally active suppressor T cells is responsible for the induced resistance observed in tEAE.
The Effects of Acute Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism on Cyclopropane Requirement (MAC) in Rats (1968)

The effects of acute drug-induced hypo- and hyperthyroidism on cyclopropane requirement (MAC) have been studied in rats. Animals treated with propylthiouracil and triiodothyronine showed marked alterations in basal metabolic rate. However, measurements of oxygen consumption in isolated nonstimulated brain slices showed no differences from control. No significant effect of altered metabolic activity on anesthetic requirement could be demonstrated. MAC values tended to be temperature dependent, but the magnitudes of these changes were small and could be attributed to the effect of temperature on lipid solubility.
The Microstructure, Electric, Optical and Photovoltaic Properties of BiFeO3 Thin Films Prepared by Low Temperature Sol–Gel Method (2019)

Ferroelectrics have recently attracted attention as a candidate class of materials for use in photovoltaic devices due to their abnormal photovoltaic effect. However, the current reported efficiency is still low. Hence, it is urgent to develop narrow-band gap ferroelectric materials with strong ferroelectricity by low-temperature synthesis. In this paper, the perovskite bismuth ferrite BiFeO<sub>3</sub> (BFO) thin films were fabricated on SnO<sub>2</sub>: F (FTO) substrates by the sol-gel method and they were rapidly annealed at 450, 500 and 550 °C, respectively. The microstructure and the chemical state's evolution with annealing temperature were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the relationship between the microstructure and electric, optical and photovoltaic properties were studied. The XRD, SEM and Raman results show that a pure phase BFO film with good crystallinity is obtained at a low annealing temperature of 450 °C. As the annealing temperature increases, the film becomes more uniform and has an improved crystallinity. The XPS results show that the Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> ratio increases and the ratio of oxygen vacancies/lattice oxygen decreases with increasing annealing temperature, which results in the leakage current gradually being reduced. The band gap is reduced from 2.68 to 2.51 eV due to better crystallinity. An enhanced photovoltaic effect is observed in a 550 °C annealed BFO film with a short circuit current of 4.58 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> and an open circuit voltage of 0.15 V, respectively.
Turbulent flow over a flexible wall undergoing a streamwise travelling wave motion (2003)

Direct numerical simulation is used to study the turbulent flow over a smooth wavy wall undergoing transverse motion in the form of a streamwise travelling wave. The Reynolds number based on the mean velocity $U$ of the external flow and wall motion wavelength $\lambda$ is 10 170; the wave steepness is $2\pi a/\lambda=0.25$ where $a$ is the travelling wave amplitude. A key parameter for this problem is the ratio of the wall motion phase speed $c$ to $U$ , and results are obtained for $c/U$ in the range of $-1.0$ to $2.0$ at $0.2$ intervals. For negative $c/U$ , we find that flow separation is enhanced and a large drag force is produced. For positive $c/U$ , the results show that as $c/U$ increases from zero, the separation bubble moves further upstream and away from the wall, and is reduced in strength. Above a threshold value of $c/U\approx 1$ , separation is eliminated; and, relative to small- $c/U$ cases, turbulence intensity and turbulent shear stress are reduced significantly. The drag force decreases monotonically as $c/U$ increases while the power required for the transverse motion generally increases for large $c/U$ ; the net power input is found to reach a minimum at $c/U\approx 1.2$ (for fixed $U$ ). The results obtained in this study provide physical insight into the study of fish-like swimming mechanisms in terms of drag reduction and optimal propulsive efficiency.
Confined and Submerged Liquid Jet Impingement Heat Transfer (1995)

The local heat transfer from a small heat source to a normally impinging, axisymmetric, and submerged liquid jet, in confined and unconfined configurations, was experimentally investigated. A single jet of FC-77 issuing from a round nozzle impinged onto a square foil heater, which dissipated a constant heat flux. The nozzle and the heat source were both mounted in large round plates to ensure axisymmetric radial outflow of the spent fluid. The local surface temperature of the heat source was measured at different radial locations (r/d) from the center of the jet in fine increments. Results for the local heat transfer coefficient distribution at the heat source are presented as functions of nozzle diameter (0.79 ≤ d ≤ 6.35 mm), Reynolds number (4000 to 23,000), and nozzle-to-heat source spacing (1 ≤ Z/d ≤ 14). Secondary peaks in the local heat transfer observed at r/d ≈ 2 were more pronounced at the smaller (confined) spacings and larger nozzle diameters for a given Reynolds number, and shifted radially outward from the stagnation point as the spacing increased. The secondary-peak magnitude increased with Reynolds number, and was higher than the stagnation value in some instances. Correlations are proposed for the stagnation and average Nusselt numbers as functions of these parameters.
Formação docente e tecnologias no campo das políticas educacionais (2017)

Este artigo faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa em desenvolvimento nos anos de 2015 e 2016 que tem por tema “A formação de professores e as tecnologias educacionais no campo da pesquisa em educação” e investiga como a pesquisa na área da educação no Brasil tem abordado a formação dos professores em relação à utilização das tecnologias educacionais na última década. O objetivo geral do trabalho é investigar de que forma os textos produzidos na área da pesquisa em educação, apresentados na ANPED (Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação), em especial, nos grupos de trabalho (GT) Formação de Professores (GT08) e Educação e Comunicação (GT09) abordam a formação de professores em relação às tecnologias educacionais. Como objetivos específicos: a) Investigar como os textos propõem a formação dos professores em relação às tecnologias educacionais; b) Analisar as tecnologias educacionais mais destacadas em relação à formação inicial e/ou continuada; e c) Identificar as análises apresentadas nas pesquisas sobre políticas educacionais no campo da formação de professores e uso das tecnologias educacionais. De modo geral, ao examinar as políticas educacionais no campo de formação docente para a utilização das novas tecnologias, percebe-se que há destaque em vários textos do Programa Nacional de Tecnologia Educacional (PROINFO) e outros programas dele decorrentes como o UCA e PROUCA. Sendo assim, podemos inferir que o PROINFO é um marco importante na área das políticas educacionais voltadas para a formação de professores em relação às tecnologias educacionais no Brasil.