gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From hospital community to the wider community: Developing a therapeutic environment on a rehabilitation ward (1994)

The establishment of a therapeutic environment on a psychiatric ward is described. Aims, procedure and method are outlined. The use of the daily community meeting is extensively discussed, together with a description of the use of small therapy groups on the ward. It emerges that the community meeting was a useful contributor to organisation and treatment and that its progress was an indicator of the development of the ward. The small groups helped some people but were less influential in the development of the ward as a whole. The results of the ward activities are recorded in terms of individual outcomes. They indicated that it was possible in a number of cases to improve apparently irremediable personal and psychological deterioration. It is concluded that group methods can contribute to the development of a rehabilitation unit, but that careful integration with individual support and care is necessary. The paper highlights shortcomings of current developments in social psychiatry and argues the worth of a community in the hospital relating to the community outside of the hospital.
Profiling serum biomarkers in patients with COPD: associations with clinical parameters (2007)

PMP technology can be useful in identifying potential biomarkers in patients with COPD. Panels of selected serum markers are associated with important clinical predictors of outcome in these patients.
Brain Vascularization by Intact Omentum (1973)

A group of dogs had their intact omentum mobilized to the extent that it could be placed directly upon the surface of the brain. It was subsequently shown, both grossly and histologically, that vascular anastomoses developed between the brain and the omentum and that injected material entered the brain via the vessels at the omental-cerebral interface.
DNA sequences downstream of the adenovirus type 2 fiber polyadenylation site contain transcription termination signals (1987)

The major late transcription unit of adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) terminates in a region near the end of the linear DNA genome at map units 98.2 to 100. Specific 3' ends mapping in the transcription termination region were detected in nuclear but not cytoplasmic RNA isolated at 16 to 18 h postinfection. Using S1 nuclease protection analysis, a major nuclear RNA species with a 3' terminus at map unit 98.9 was detected. With the use of recombinant expression vectors and run-on transcription in isolated nuclei, we demonstrated that the Ad2 sequences from map units 97.1 to 100, inserted into either the 5' or 3' untranslated sequences of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (cat), terminated transcription in transfected cells. Termination occurred only when the 97.1- to 100-map-unit sequence was in the same direction of transcription as the major late transcript and was not observed with Ad2 sequences upstream of map unit 97.1.
Flowing versus Static Conditions for Measuring Multiple Exciton Generation in PbSe Quantum Dots (2010)

Recent reports question the validity of pulsed fs-laser experiments for measuring the photon-to-exciton quantum yields (QYs) that result from multiple exciton generation (MEG). The repetitive nature of these experiments opens up an alternative relaxation pathway that may produce artificially high results. We present transient-absorption (TA) data for 4.6 and 6.6 nm diameter PbSe quantum dots (QDs) at a variety of pump photon energies. The data are collected under laminar flow conditions with volumetric flow rates ranging from 0 to 150 mL/min (resulting in Reynolds numbers up to 460). The results are modeled with a spatially resolved population balance of generation, recombination, convective replacement, and accumulation of long-lived excited QDs. By comparing the simulations and experiments, the steady-state population of the long-lived QD-excited states and their kinetics are determined for different experimental conditions. We also improve upon reported photon-to-exciton QYs for PbSe QDs. We find differences in the observed TA dynamics between flowing and static conditions that depend upon photon fluence, pump photon energy, and quality of the QD surfaces. For excitation energies below 2 Eg, independent of QD size or photon fluence, we observe no flow rate dependence in the TA dynamics. At excitation energies of hν > 3 Eg, we observe differences between static and flowing conditions that are most pronounced for high photon fluences. At 3.7 Eg and for 4.6 nm PbSe QDs we find a QY of 1.2 ± 0.1 and at 4.5 Eg the QY is 1.55 ± 0.05. With 6.6 nm QDs excited at 4.7 Eg we observe no difference between static and flowing conditions and find a QY of 1.61 ± 0.05. We also find that by treating the surface of QDs, we can decrease the charging probability (Pg ≈ 5 × 10−5) by a factor of 3−4. The observed variations suggest that different QD samples vary regarding their susceptibility to the creation of long-lived states.
Longitudinal MRI in multiple sclerosis (1994)

We followed 18 multiple sclerosis patients clinically and with repeated brain MRIs with and without gadolinium for over 1 year. Clinical evaluations included scoring on the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the Ambulation Index (AI) scale. There was a significant correlation between the change in EDSS or AI and the change in number of lesions on MRI and between cumulative number of lesions on MRI and cumulative change in EDSS or AI. Our findings support the validity of MRI as a measure of clinical activity and potentially as an objective quantitative outcome measure for assessing response to therapy.
Synergy Between Cephalosporin and Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Against <i>Providencia</i> and <i>Proteus</i> (1974)

Clinical isolates of Providencia and Proteus with relative aminoglycoside resistance were tested for susceptibility to combinations of gentamicin or tobramycin with cephalothin or cefazolin. The minimal bactericidal concentration of aminoglycoside for one-third of the strains was reduced by fourfold or more in the presence of one-fourth of the minimal bactericidal concentration of either cephalosporin. This effect was achieved by clinically attainable concentrations of cephalothin or cefazolin.
Image Zooming Algorithm Based on Partial Differential Equations Technique (2009)

Partial differential equation(PDE)has become an important tool in image processing and analysis.A basic content of digital image processing is image zooming,namely an image processing technology obtaining a high resolution image from a low resolution image.This article proposes an image zooming algorithm based on the TV-norm(Total Variation norm)interpolation model and fourth order partial differential equation interpolation model,which adopts the idea of total variation model and two kinds of functional models.The validity and feasibility of the algorithm is tested through a simulation experiment and two appraisal criterions—mean square error(MSE)and peak value signal to noise ratio(PSNR).
3<scp>D</scp> Auxetic Microlattices with Independently Controllable Acoustic Band Gaps and Quasi‐<scp>S</scp>tatic Elastic Moduli (2013)

Mechanical metamaterials offer unique possibilities to tune their mechanical response by adjusting their geometry, without the complexity that the thermodynamics and kinetics of materials synthesis otherwise impose. In this work, the tuning of the quasi-static and wave propagation properties of micro-lattice structures are explored using numerical methods. The ability to independently modify the elastic moduli and the dispersion properties of the material by appropriately placing micro-inertia elements is demonstrated. The numerical methods used for this investigation are also presented.
Intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of alkenyl oxazole-5-carbamates and N-alkenyl-oxazole-5-carboxamides. (1983)

Intramolecular cycloaddition of N-allyl-4-methyloxazole-5-carboxamides (1) gave the corresponding 6a-acetyl-2-hydroxy-6-oxotetrahydrofuro [2, 3-c] pyrrolidines (3). Tricycloadducts (6) were obtained by the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of N-(3-butenyl)-4-methyl-N-phenyloxazole-5-carboxamides (4). Hydrolysis of the tricycloadducts (6) afforded 7a-acetyl-2-hydroxy-7-oxo-6-phenyl-tetrahydrofuro [2, 3-c] piperidines (8). Treatment of the tricycloadducts (6) with acetic acid gave 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-ones (10), 8a-hydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-hexahydroisoquinoline-1, 6-diones (9') and 8a-hydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8-hexahydroisoquinoline-1, 8-diones (9). Similar intramolecular cycloaddition of alkenyl 4-methyloxazole-5-carbamates (11) is also described.
Frequency-tunable millimetre-wave signal generationusing a monolithic passively mode-locked semiconductor laser (1996)

Repetition frequency tuning characteristics of a monolithic passively mode-locked distributed Bragg reflector semiconductor laser are investigated. By injecting current at a passive phase control section, a tuning range of 400 MHz is achieved while keeping the pulse characteristics nearly unchanged. Varying the absorber reverse bias offers an alternative to tune the frequency. By combining these techniques, a total tuning range of 1 GHz is realised.
Sex Steroids Used in Hormonal Treatment Increase Vascular Procoagulant Activity by Inducing Thrombin Receptor (PAR-1) Expression (2001)

These data demonstrate that several progestins markedly potentiate the vascular procoagulant effects of thrombin by increasing the availability of membrane thrombin receptors in the smooth muscle, an effect that is most likely due to their glucocorticoid-like activity.
A New and Selective Oxidising Reagent for Oligonucleotide Synthesis (1998)

A mixture of carbon tetrachloride, N-methylmorpholine and water in acetonitrile serves as an excellent reagent for oxidation of nucleoside phosphite to nucleoside phosphates and has been successfully applied to the solid phase synthesis of d(CGTAAAATGG).
Urban 3D semantic modelling using stereo vision (2013)

In this paper we propose a robust algorithm that generates an efficient and accurate dense 3D reconstruction with associated semantic labellings. Intelligent autonomous systems require accurate 3D reconstructions for applications such as navigation and localisation. Such systems also need to recognise their surroundings in order to identify and interact with objects of interest. Considerable emphasis has been given to generating a good reconstruction but less effort has gone into generating a 3D semantic model. The inputs to our algorithm are street level stereo image pairs acquired from a camera mounted on a moving vehicle. The depth-maps, generated from the stereo pairs across time, are fused into a global 3D volume online in order to accommodate arbitrary long image sequences. The street level images are automatically labelled using a Conditional Random Field (CRF) framework exploiting stereo images, and label estimates are aggregated to annotate the 3D volume. We evaluate our approach on the KITTI odometry dataset and have manually generated ground truth for object class segmentation. Our qualitative evaluation is performed on various sequences of the dataset and we also quantify our results on a representative subset.
Integrin α1 subunit is up-regulated in colorectal cancer (2013)

Our findings suggest an active role for the α1β1 integrin in colorectal cancer progression.
Studenten-Intervallstudie SIS: spezieller Bericht zum Hochschullehrer-Studenten-Verhältnis (1974)

In der vorliegenden Sonderauswertung der Studenten-Intervallstudien SIS 0 bis SIS 3 setzt sich die Verfasserin zunächst mit der Bedeutung des Hochschullehrer-Studenten-Verhältnisses auseinander und entwirft ein Konzept dieser Beziehung als Kommunikationsverhältnis. Hochschullehrer, Student, Kommunique und Kommunikationsfeld werden im folgenden als Hauptvariablen des Hochschullehrer-Student-Verhältnisses untersucht. Für die Beurteilung des Hochschullehres aus der Sicht der Studenten sind Eigenschaften, Kontakthäufigkeit, Gerechtigkeit und Vorbildfunktion maßgebend. Der Student erscheint als Partner im Ausbildungsprozeß, im Studium als wissenschaftlich-produktive Tätigkeit und in der Forschung. Der Klassenstandpunkt des Hochschullehrers, der wissenschaftliche Meinungsstreit sowie das allgemeine Niveau des Hochschulunterrichts kennzeichnen die Lehre als Kommunique aus der Sicht der Studenten. Abschließend wird eine kritische Bilanz des Hochschullehrer-Student-Verhältnisses gezogen. (ICE)
A 0.9-$\mu$A Quiescent Current Output-Capacitorless LDO Regulator With Adaptive Power Transistors in 65-nm CMOS (2012)

An ultra-low quiescent current output-capacitorless low-dropout (OCL-LDO) regulator with adaptive power transistors technique is presented in this paper. The proposed technique permits the regulator to transform itself between 2-stage and 3-stage cascaded topologies with respective power transistor, depending on the load current condition. As such, it enables the OCL-LDO regulator to achieve ultra-low power consumption, high stability and good transient response without the need of off-chip capacitor at the output. The proposed LDO regulator has been implemented and fabricated in a UMC 65-nm CMOS process. It occupies an active area of 0.017 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The measured results have shown that the proposed circuit consumes a quiescent current of 0.9 μA at no load, regulating the output at 1 V from a voltage supply of 1.2 V. It achieves full range stability from 0 to 100 mA load current at a maximum 100 pF parasitic capacitance load. The measured transient output voltage is 68.8 mV when load current is stepped from 0 to 100 mA in 300 ns with C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</sub> = 100 pF. The recovery time is about 6 μs. Compared to previously reported counterparts, the proposed OCL-LDO regulator shows a significant improvement in term of OCL-LDO transient figure-of-merit (FOM) as well as balanced performance parameters in terms of PSR, line regulation and load regulation.
Situation Awareness Catches On: What? So What? Now What? (2017)

Human factors/ergonomics professionals regularly study the situation awareness (SA) problems of pilots, air traffic controllers, automobile drivers, power plant workers, ambulance dispatchers, urban search and rescue professionals, and unmanned vehicle operators, to mention a few. This chapter reviews a growing body of literature that uses the assessment techniques discussed earlier to demonstrate that a particular new technology is superior to traditional technology not only in improving performance but also in fostering SA. It shows how the application of SA can anticipate and help solve problems of usability in system design, train and evaluate professionals, and predict skills. Team SA was scored as the congruence between the team's judgments about their teammates' activities and what participants themselves said they were doing. The success of the various training programs described rests on principles for developing differentiated perceptual strategies and mental models. Techniques for measuring SA have proliferated, generating great interest and discussion.
Modelling the arterial wall by finite elements (1993)

The mechanical behaviour of the arterial wall was determined theoretically utilizing some parameters of blood flow measured in vivo. Continuous experimental measurements of pressure and diameter were recorded in anesthetized dogs on the thoracic ascending and midabdominal aorta. The pressure was measured by using a catheter, and the diameter firstly, at the same site, by a plethysmograph with mercury gauge and secondly, by a sonomicrometer with ferroelectric ceramic transducers. The unstressed radius and thickness were measured at the end of each experiment in situ. Considering that the viscous component is not important relatively to the nonlinear component of the elasticity and utilizing several equations for Young modulus calculation (thick and thin wall circular cylindrical tube formulas and Bergel's equation) the following values were obtained for this parameter: 0.6 MPa-2 MPa in midabdominal aorta and 2 MPa-6.5 MPa in thoracic ascending aorta. The behaviour of the aorta wall was modelled considering an elastic law and using the finite element program "Lagamine" working in large deformations. The discretized equilibrium equations are non-linear and a unique axi-symmetric, iso-parametric element of 1 cm in length with 8 knots was used for this bi-dimensional problem. The theoretical estimation of radius vessel, utilizing a constant 5 MPa Young modulus and also a variable one, are in good agreement with the experimental results, showing that this finite element model can be applied to study mechanical properties of the arteries in physiological and pathological conditions.
Dehydration of Methanol to Dimethyl Ether over ZSM-5 Zeolite (2004)

Methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether (DME) has been investigated over ZSM-5 zeolites and compared with that of <TEX>${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$</TEX>. Although the catalytic activity was decreased with an increase in silica/alumina ratio, the DME selectivity increased. H-ZSM-5 and NaH-ZSM-5 zeolites were more active for conversion of methanol to DME than <TEX>${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$</TEX>. <TEX>$Na^+$</TEX> ion-exchanged H-ZSM-5 (NaH-ZSM-5) shows higher DME selectivity than H-ZSM-5 due to the selective removal of strong acid sites.
Photrodes for physiological sensing (2004)

This paper describes a paradigm shift in the technology for sensing electro-physiological signals. In recent years, SRICO has been developing small lithium niobate photonic electrodes, otherwise called "Photrodes” for measuring EEG and ECG signals. These extrinsic fiber-optic sensing devices exploit the extremely high electrical input impedance of Mach-Zehnder Intensity (MZI) electro-optic modulators to detect microvolt and millivolt physiological signals. Voltage levels associated with electrocardiograms are typically on the order of several millivolts, and such signals can be detected by capacitive pickup through clothing, i.e., the Photrode may be used in a non-contact mode. Electroencephalogram signals, which typically have an amplitude of several microvolts, require direct contact with the skin. However, this contact may be dry, eliminating the need for conductive gels. The electrical bandwidth of this photonic electrode system stretches from below 0.1 Hz to many tens of kHz and is constrained mainly by the signal processing electronics, not by the Photrode itself. The paper will describe the design and performance of Photrode systems and the challenging aspects of this new technology.
Microcomputers: Early Adopters and Extension. (1984)

Where do farmers and ranchers in the "early-adopter" group get information about microcomputers? What uses do they think they'll make of a microcomputer? What are the implications of these answers to staff members who plan, implement, and evaluate farm management Extension programs? This Nebraska staff member has some suggestions.
Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity: a Comprehensive Update (2016)

Hepatic injury and subsequent hepatic failure due to both intentional and non-intentional overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) has affected patients for decades, and involves the cornerstone metabolic pathways which take place in the microsomes within hepatocytes. APAP hepatotoxicity remains a global issue; in the United States, in particular, it accounts for more than 50% of overdose-related acute liver failure and approximately 20% of the liver transplant cases. The pathophysiology, disease course and management of acute liver failure secondary to APAP toxicity remain to be precisely elucidated, and adverse patient outcomes with increased morbidity and mortality continue to occur. Although APAP hepatotoxicity follows a predictable timeline of hepatic failure, its clinical presentation might vary. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) therapy is considered as the mainstay therapy, but liver transplantation might represent a life-saving procedure for selected patients. Future research focus in this field may benefit from shifting towards obtaining antidotal knowledge at the molecular level, with focus on the underlying molecular signaling pathways.
Average response time minimization in star-connected computer networks (2002)

The authors consider static and adaptive-decentralized optimisation of the performance of a distributed computing system with a central processor (CP), denoted by S/sub 0/ loosely coupled to N peripheral processors (PPs), denoted by S/sub i/, i=1, . . ., N. Each PP receives a stream of Poisson job arrivals with a rate lambda /sub i/. The arriving load at S/sub i/ is distributed between the CP and itself with probabilities P/sub i/ and (1-P/sub i/) respectively. The service time distribution at each processor is arbitrary with mean 1/ mu /sub i/ and second moment E(Y/sub i//sup 2/), i=0, . . ., N. The objective is to determine the probabilities P/sub i/, i=1, . . ., N so as to minimize the expected steady state response time of jobs. The authors solve the problem for the case of known parameters through nonlinear optimization techniques and develop a centralized computational algorithm. An adaptive technique for each PP to compute its optimal P/sub i/ is developed. The latter technique is useful when the system parameters are unknown a priori. In this case, it is assumed that the CP gives the processing time (of a remote job) to a PP when returning the remote job submitted by that PP. The sequences of estimates (computed by PPs) are shown to converge to the jointly optimum routing probabilities with probability 1 and in the mean square sense. Simulation results demonstrate the practicality of the adaptive approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Decline of British Whaling in Arctic Canada, 1820-1850: A Case Study of Newcastle upon Tyne (1998)

The rapid decline of the British whaling industry after 1820 has attracted the a ttention of a number of economic historians in recent years. The principal historian of British whaling, Gordon Jackson, remarked on the marginal character of the trade: "British whaling was not an economic imperative for most of its history," he wrote; "it was not essential to the health of the British economy in general or supplying whale products in particular."' In comparing British and American whaling competition in the North Atlantic between 1816 and 1842, American historians L.E. Davis, R.E. Gallman and T.D. Hutchins drew similar conclusions. The British trade declined, they argued, because American whalers were more productive at lower cost than their British rivals.2 They were smaller, employed fewer men and spent more time at sea. Only the tariff protection policies of successive governments enabled British whaler owners to compete. Before 1840 British-caught whale oil was only liable to pay duty of one shilling per tun; by contrast foreign-caught oil paid a massive 532 shillings.'
Genetic Variability of Immunomodulatory Genes in Ectromelia Virus Isolates Detected by Denaturing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (2003)

The genetic variability of nine genes in 12 isolates and strains of ectromelia virus, which causes a smallpox-like disease (mousepox) in mice, was determined and allows for classification of ectromelia viruses. The low genetic variability suggests that evolutionary pressure maintains the activity of immunomodulatory genes in natural poxvirus infections.