gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The U.S. Real Estate Market (1995)

Analysts can begin their investigation of the real estate market with close scrutiny of past patterns of demand and supply in the U.S. property markets themselves. For a true understanding of the patterns, however, analysts must also scrutinize the inextricable link between the capital markets and the physical property markets. Armed with analysis of how and why real estate performed as it did in the past in comparison with competing assets and with investor expectations, analysts will be prepared to project its likely performance in the future. Real estate will remain a cyclical business, but a number of factors suggest that, at least nationally, the next cycle will be both more modest and less volatile than the last cycle.This presentation comes from the Real Estate: An Alternative or Mainstream Asset? conference held in Chicago, Illinois, on September 13-14, 1994.
Wideband Dual-Feed, Dual-Sense Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna (2020)

In this article, a wideband dual-feed, dual-sense circularly polarized (CP) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is proposed and demonstrated. An L-shaped slot and a vertical metal strip, fed by the same microstrip line, simultaneously excite the antenna. Using this feeding method, a dual-band, dual-sense CP triangular DRA is obtained by employing the DRA mode excited at the lower band and the hybrid mode excited at the upper band. Building on this initial design, a rotationally symmetric bowtie DRA (bDRA) consisting of two triangular dielectrics is proposed for wideband dual-sense CP operation. An additional excited slot mode widens impedance bandwidth and broadens the axial-ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of the lower band. Meanwhile, a higher order DRA mode excitation widens the ARBW of the higher band. The characteristics of these two DRAs are explored via simulation. Moreover, a bDRA prototype is fabricated and measured. The results demonstrate a directional antenna with a wide 10 dB return loss bandwidth of 63.7%, a broad 3 dB ARBW of 27.1% for the left-hand circular polarization, and a broad 3 dB ARBW of 12.8% for the right-hand circular polarization.
Octaalkynylsilsesquioxanes, Nano Sea Urchin Molecular Building Blocks for 3-D-Nanostructures (2008)

The design and construction of 3-D molecular scaffolds is currently an area of extreme interest for a variety of reasons including hydrogen storage, gas separation and molecular sieving. Octahedral silsesquioxanes, [RSiO1.5]8, represent a class of unusually robust, nanometer size molecules with cubic symmetry that places each functional group in a different octant in Cartesian space. This 3-D array of functional groups offers the potential to design nanobuilding blocks to construct multifunctional, nanocomposite materials including molecular scaffolds. We describe here detailed studies on the synthesis of octaalkyne silsesquioxanes using Sonogashira coupling of octaiodophenylsilsesquioxane, [p-IC6H4SiO1.5]8 (I8OPS) and a related bromine derivative with terminal alkynes. We describe versatile and reliable methods for synthesizing octaalkyne silsesquioxanes in moderate to high yields with 100% conversion of the I8OPS to the octaalkynes. The inorganic core provides 3-D rigidity and the heat capacity of crystalline SiO2 making them quite robust in many environments. The alkyne “spines” provide excellent solubility in organic solvents and the ability to polymerize on heating, to form robust 3-D polyalkyne networks with air stabilities to >500 °C suggesting potential utility as matrix materials for high temperature composites. With appropriate functionality on the external point of the spine, all of these molecules should also serve as 3-D connection points for the construction of molecular scaffolds.
The behavior of oxygen in HgCdTe (1985)

The behavior of oxygen in HgCdTe has been studied using a liquid phase epitaxial growth technique. The oxygen has been found to act as a donor impurity in Hg0.7Cd0.3Te. High-purity Hg0.7Cd0.3Te crystals with carrier concentration of less than 5×1013 cm−3 can be obtained reproducibly by complete deoxidization of the growth solution. As a result, carrier concentration can be controlled accurately within ±1×1014 cm−3.
Rosiglitazone in Combination With Glimepiride Plus Metformin in Type 2 Diabetic Patients (2002)

Type 2 diabetic patients are often treated with a combination of antidiabetic agents. The need to use drugs with different and complementary mechanisms of action frequently arises in daily clinical practice. There are several reasons to do this; namely, the disease itself is progressive, with deterioration of glycemic control over time, and monotherapeutic attempts to achieve and maintain glycemic control often fail in the long run (1,2).

Some patients do not accept insulin treatment because of the fear of needles and injections, the fear that the complications of diabetes are caused by insulin, and other false beliefs, and are willing to take as many antidiabetic pills the doctor is prepared to prescribe.

The combination of a sulfonylurea with metformin is commonly used in clinical practice. But when this potent combination is no longer able to provide acceptable glycemic control, the addition of an antidiabetic drug with a …
Charge trapping instabilities in amorphous silicon-silicon nitride thin-film transistors (1983)

The most important instability mechanism in amorphous silicon-silicon nitride thin-film transistors is charge trapping in the silicon nitride layer, which leads to a threshold voltage shift (ΔVT). We have measured the time, temperature, and gate voltage dependence of ΔVT and conclude that the rate limiting process, in the charge transfer from semiconductor to insulator, is the conduction in the nitride by variable-range hopping. The threshold shift (under positive bias) is temperature dependent with an activation energy of 0.3 eV. This activation energy is identified with the mean hop energy required to inject charge deep into the silicon nitride at the low applied fields appropriate to transistor operation.
Nuclear cyclin D1: An oncogenic driver in human cancer (2009)

Perturbations in the regulation of the core cell cycle machinery are frequently observed in human cancers. Cyclin D1 which functions as a mitogenic sensor and allosteric activator of CDK4/6, is one of the more frequently altered cell cycle regulators in cancers. Cyclin D1 is frequently overexpressed in cancers and its overexpression can be attributed to many factors including increased transcription, translation, and protein stability. Although cyclin D1 overexpression is clearly implicated in the affected cancers, overexpression of cyclin D1 is not sufficient to drive oncogenic transformation. Rather, emerging evidence suggests that nuclear retention of cyclin D1 resulting from altered nuclear trafficking and proteolysis is critical for the manifestation of its oncogenicity. This review provides a brief overview of current data documenting various mechanisms underlying aberrant cyclin D1 regulation in human cancers and their impact on neoplastic transformation.
Growth-differentiation factor-15 for early risk stratification in patients with acute chest pain (2008)

GDF-15 improves risk stratification in unselected patients with acute chest pain and provides prognostic information beyond clinical characteristics, the ECG, and cTnI.
CULTIVATION OF INDIGENOUS ALGAE FOR INCREASED BIOGAS PRODUCTION (2013)

There is an increased demand for biogas in the society and one way to meet this is to use cultivated microalgae as fermentation substrate. In the present study, a co-digestion experiment was established where municipal food waste was fermented with harvested microalgae cultivated in lake water. The experiment was carried out as a laboratory batch experiment with fermentation bottles, where 0, 12, 25 and 37% of the food waste was replaced with harvested microalgae, respectively. The results showed that the biogas production was generally improved after addition of microalgae. During the first 25 days of fermentation, replacement of 12% food waste with microalgae gave the highest biogas production rate. However, higher proportions of microalgae (25% and 37%) slightly decreased the gas production rate compared to 12% and compared to using food waste alone.
Differentiation of Claviceps purpurea in Axenic Culture (1976)

The growth form of a strain of Claviceps purpurea in axenic culture has been controlled by the amino nitrogen source. Within the pairs asparagine/aspartic acid or glutamine/glutamic acid the amide promoted sphacelial growth of the colony whereas the acid supported differentiation of plectenchymatic sclerotial tissue and synthesis of ergot alkaloids. Sclerotial colonies showed purple pigmentation. The mycelium had a greater lipid content, rich in ricinoleic acid, and sporulation was much less than in sphacelial colonies. Changes in the relative distribution of amino acids between the free and peptidyl components of the cells was most marked with respect to lysine; growth on asparagine resulted in more than half remaining free, whereas less than 10% remained free on aspartic acid. Lysine supplied exogenously as a nitrogen source did not promote sclerotial differentiation. Frequent transfers to fresh medium of colonies grown on dialysis membrane accentuated the extent of sphacelial or sclerotial growth; four transfers during an 18-day growth period yielded mycelia with an alkaloid content (0-4%, w/w) similar to that of parasitic ergot sclerotia. Asparagine and glutamine were taken up more rapidly from liquid media than their corresponding acids, but each acid exerted a dominant effect over the amide, in a mixture providing equivalent nitrogen, resulting in differentiation from sphacelial to sclerotial growth analogous to that occurring during parasitism. The apparently greater (w/w) proportion of total amino acids in sphacelial mycelia than in sclerotial mycelia mainly reflected the lower lipid content of these tissues, but this factor was insufficient to account for the persistence of a significant proportion of the total lysine amongst the free amino acids. The promotion of sclerotial growth by aspartic and glutamic acids was not confined solely to the experimental strain of the fungus. Although some isolates failed to differentiate into plectenchymatic mycelia on these nitrogen sources, the extent of their sphacelial growth, as indicated by the degree of sporulation, was always much reduced with respect to that promoted by asparagine.
Multi-sensor system for driver's hand-gesture recognition (2015)

We propose a novel multi-sensor system for accurate and power-efficient dynamic car-driver hand-gesture recognition, using a short-range radar, a color camera, and a depth camera, which together make the system robust against variable lighting conditions. We present a procedure to jointly calibrate the radar and depth sensors. We employ convolutional deep neural networks to fuse data from multiple sensors and to classify the gestures. Our algorithm accurately recognizes 10 different gestures acquired indoors and outdoors in a car during the day and at night. It consumes significantly less power than purely vision-based systems.
Clinical experience with the 32P test and the semiconductor probe in diagnosis of intraocular tumors. (1977)

The ultrasonic examination gives no answer as to the metabolic activity of pathological intraocular tissue. Therefore, the combination with the 32P uptake test is great clinical value. The diagnosis of intraocular tumors is possible with a 95% certainty. A new probe with a Si(Li) semiconductor detector is presented.
L‐arginine‐induced vasodilation in healthy humans:pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic relationship (1998)

The vascular effects of L-arginine are closely correlated with its plasma concentrations. These data may provide a basis for the utilization of L-arginine in cardiovascular diseases.
Putative histidine kinase inhibitors with antibacterial effect against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates identified by in vitro and in silico screens (2016)

Novel antibacterials are urgently needed to address the growing problem of bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics. Two-component systems (TCS) are widely used by bacteria to regulate gene expression in response to various environmental stimuli and physiological stress and have been previously proposed as promising antibacterial targets. TCS consist of a sensor histidine kinase (HK) and an effector response regulator. The HK component contains a highly conserved ATP-binding site that is considered to be a promising target for broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs. Here, we describe the identification of putative HK autophosphorylation inhibitors following two independent experimental approaches: in vitro fragment-based screen via differential scanning fluorimetry and in silico structure-based screening, each followed up by the exploration of analogue compounds as identified by ligand-based similarity searches. Nine of the tested compounds showed antibacterial effect against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of bacterial pathogens and include three novel scaffolds, which have not been explored so far in other antibacterial compounds. Overall, putative HK autophosphorylation inhibitors were found that together provide a promising starting point for further optimization as antibacterials.
The Effect of Pretoria Pasteurization on Bacterial Contamination of Hand‐expressed Human Breastmilk (2003)

One of the challenges facing the development of programs to reduce mother to child transmission of HIV in developing countries remains the problem of infant feeding. One of the alternative feeding methods under investigation for infants of HIV-infected mothers is heat treatment of expressed breastmilk by Pretoria Pasteurization. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Pretoria Pasteurization on commensal and pathogenic bacteria in hand-expressed human breastmilk, and to determine the duration of time for which milk can be kept safely without refrigeration after Pretoria Pasteurization. Samples of milk were hand expressed by lactating women in the postnatal ward. The samples were split into control and pasteurized specimens. The pasteurized specimens underwent Pretoria Pasteurization. All samples were stored at room temperature and were sampled for bacterial culture every 4 h, up to 12 h. Clinically significant levels of bacterial contamination occurred in 59 per cent of control and 7.8 per cent of pasteurized samples. Four pasteurized samples showed significant contamination. There is strong evidence that the contaminating organisms in these samples were introduced by handling after pasteurization. The 53 (91 per cent) pasteurized samples that had no contamination at 4 h remained sterile for the remainder of the standing period of 12 h. Forty-one per cent of control samples already had significant growth after standing at room temperature for 4 h. In conclusion, Pretoria Pasteurization kills pathogenic and commensal bacteria in hand-expressed breastmilk. Expressed breastmilk that has undergone Pretoria Pasteurization can be kept without refrigeration for up to 12 h with minimal probability of bacterial contamination provided that it is kept in the pasteurization container and is not handled.
Genetic and Family Study of the Apert Syndrome (1992)

Of 119 patients with the Apert syndrome, 94 pedigrees are available for study. Selected family histories and recorded events during pregnancy are also reported. The sex ratio is 1:1 (60 males, 59 females). All 94 pedigrees except one (an affected father and daughter) represent sporadic instances. Combining our cases with those available in the literature, only nine familial instances are known to date. The familial cases, the equal number of affected males and females, and the increased paternal age in sporadic cases strongly suggest autosomal dominant inheritance. The rarity of familial instances can be explained by reduced genetic fitness of affected individuals because severe malformations and the presence of mental deficiency, found in many cases, diminish desirability as mates. The variability of the syndrome has been defined mainly on the basis of sporadic cases. High resolution banding was normal in five recently studied cases.
A Saliency-Based Approach To Audio Event Detection And Summarization (2012)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Bucharest, Romania, 2012
A method of microcomputer‐aided two‐dimensional densitometry: An apparatus equipped with a chargecoupled device camera, and an algorithm of microcomputer programming (1984)

Abstract A simple apparatus and a convenient program for evaluation of two‐dimensional electrophoretograms have been developed. The hardware system comprises a charge‐coupled device (CCD) camera, four pages of frame memory (FM), a page of display memory (DM), a video‐monitor cathode‐ray tube (CRT), a digitizer (DIG) and two ports of parallel interfaces (PIO). A small desk‐top microcomputer is connected to the apparatus via the interfaces. The system program named frame‐imagememory controller (FIMC) has been developed under an assembler of the microcomputer. FIMC is a package of subroutines, and utility programs for two‐dimensional densitometry can be written in BASIC language simply with the help of FIMC. Unevenness of basal gray level, caused by the nonuniformity of illumination in the camera's field of view, is eliminated from the pixel data by a method of blank subtraction. Background gray level, caused by protein staining procedures, is corrected by a method of local background subtraction. The two‐dimensional densitometry system, equipped with a CCD camera, is applicable not only to transparent gels but also to opaque membranes, and it shows a high reliability in optical measurement in the range of 0–2 O.D.
Seaweed attachment to bedrock: biophysical evidence for a new geophycology paradigm (2009)

Seaweeds are amongst the most obvious and ecologically important components of rocky shore communities worldwide but until now little has been known about the processes involved in their attachment. This multidisciplinary study investigated for the first time the interactions between marine macroalgal holdfasts and their underlying substrata, requiring the development of specialized sample preparation techniques to maintain the structural integrity of the holdfast-bedrock interface. Transmitted plane polarized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and structured light illumination microscopy were used in the examination of the interface between Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucales, Heterokontophyta) and crustose red algae Lithothamnion sp. (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) on granite and limestone substrates. The new evidence presented here represents a paradigm shift in the way we view seaweed attachment because results show that the holdfasts exploit the physical characteristics of the rock-forming minerals in order to penetrate the bedrock and thus facilitate the attachment process. Mineral cleavage planes together with intercrystalline and intracrystalline boundaries and fractures provide penetration pathways for the holdfast tissue. This process causes disaggregation of rock-forming minerals to depths <10 mm and therefore assists in the bioerosion of coastal bedrock. It is concluded that seaweeds are able to cause weathering of natural rock and the term 'geophycology' is introduced to describe seaweed-bedrock interactions, including seaweed-induced weathering.
Real-Time Java in Control and Automation: A Model Driven Development Approach (2006)

In this paper an approach for the transparent use of real-time Java in control and automation is described. The proposed approach, which is in the context of the model integrated mechatronics paradigm, exploits the function block (FB) construct for the design model and the real-time Java specification for the implementation one. Specific interpreters allow for the automatic generation of FB types' implementation models in terms of real-time Java and the transformation of the application's FB networks to deployment specifications that are next utilized by a launcher to initialize and execute the control application on the proposed execution environment. The proposed approach favours deployment and re-deployment of distributed control applications and exploits the real-time specification for Java to meet their stringent nonfunctional requirements.
Dento-ergonomics: the key to energy-saving performance. (1996)

The application of ergonomics to dentistry, or dento-ergonomics, can increase efficiency and prevent injury. Among the factors that need to be considered are the height and reach of staff members, the equipment being used and the distribution of tasks. By implementing the theories of ergonomics, dental care providers can prolong their interest and commitment to dentistry by making difficult or even painful tasks less stressful.
Mastering XMI: Java Programming with XMI, XML, and UML (2002)

From the Publisher:
XMI is an XML-based standard that gives software developers the ability to share data easily using XML. It solves the dilemma of incompatible mapping, and is incredibly helpful with the exchange of UML data.
The authors are leading experts on XMI, and Stephen Brodsky is the Chair of the XMI 2.0 OMG Task Force Introduces the essential XMI concepts and how they relate to XML and UML and shows how XMI works with the Model-Driven Architecture approach to developing software CD-ROM includes source code, the XMI Framework software, the Xerces XML Parser, and the programs covered in the book
Vision, speech, language, and motor control (1987)

The Quantized Geometry of Visual Space: The Coherent Computation of Depth, Form, and Lightness (S. Grossberg). Neural Dynamics of Form Perception: Boundary Completion, Illusory Figures, and Neon Color Spreading (S. Grossberg, E. Mingolla). Neural Dynamics of Perceptual Grouping: Textures, Boundaries, and Emergent Segmentations (S. Grossberg, E. Mingolla). Neural Dynamics of Brightness Perception: Features, Boundaries, Diffusion, and Resonance (M.A. Cohen, S. Grossberg). Adaptation and Transmitter Gating in Vertebrate Photoreceptors (G.A. Carpenter, S. Grossberg). The Adaptive Self-Organization of Serial Order in Behavior: Speech, Language, and Motor Control (S. Grossberg). Neural Dynamics of Word Recognition and Recall: Attentional Priming, Learning, and Resonance (S. Grossberg, G. Stone). Neural Dynamics of Speech and Language Coding: Developmental Programs, Perceptual Grouping, and Competition for Short Term Memory (M. Cohen, S. Grossberg).
Demonstration of turbulence-tolerant free-space optical communication receiver using few-mode-fiber coupling and digital combining (2016)

We improved the coupling efficiency to the free-space optical receiver by using a few-mode fiber with the optical signal distorted with a turbulence emulator. We demonstrated digital maximum ratio combining over 10-Gb/s BPSK transmission mitigated fading, relaxing the required transmitted power by 5 dB.
Closed-loop control of ankle position using muscle afferent feedback with functional neuromuscular stimulation (1996)

This paper describes a closed-loop functional neuromuscular stimulation system that uses afferent neural activity from muscle spindle fibers as feedback for controlling position of the ankle joint. Ankle extension against a load was effected by neural stimulation through a dual channel intrafascicular electrode of a fascicle of the tibial nerve that innervated the gastrocnemius muscle. Ankle joint angle was estimated from recordings of tibialis anterior and lateral gastrocnemius spindle fiber activity made with dual channel intrafascicular electrodes. Experiments were conducted in neurally intact anesthetized cats and in unanesthetized decerebrate cats to demonstrate the feasibility of this system. The system was able to reach and maintain a fixed target ankle position in the presence of a varying external moment ranging in magnitude between 7.3 and 22 N-cm opposing the action of the ankle extensor, as well as track a sinusoidal target ankle position up to a frequency of 1 Hz in the presence of a constant magnitude 22- or 37-N-cm external moment.