gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolved: Low‐dose prednisone is indicated as a standard treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2001)

It is known and has been repeatedly demonstrated that low doses of prednisone or prednisolone (10 mg daily or 5 mg bid) will control most of the inflammatory features of early polyarticular rheumatoid arthritis (Table 2). Also, low doses of prednisolone are known to retard the bony damage of rheumatoid arthritis, and thus these are the original disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Glucocorticoids are potent antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive agents by virtue of their repression of the genomic expression by transcriptional interference, inhibiting such proinflammatory proteins as COX-2, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNFalpha, and adhesion molecules. Nature has produced an ideal antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive agent, namely glucocorticoids, and it is up to us to use it in appropriate situations (e.g., active early inflammatory polyarticular rheumatoid arthritis) and in low doses, frequently daily divided doses. Low doses of glucocorticoids (prednisone or prednisolone) accomplish everything NSAIDs or COX-2 inhibitors accomplish but with more antiinflammatory effects, fewer side effects, and much less expense. It is certainly possible (but not precisely tested) that low doses of prednisone (prednisolone) enhance the effects of other DMARDs, including anti-TNF agents. The side effects of low-dose glucocorticoids are minimal. By using concomitant calcium and vitamin D and monitoring bone status with DEXA scans, the osteopenia potential of low doses of prednisone will be minimal. The use of low-dose prednisone without NSAIDs will put the patient at very little risk for stomach ulceration and bleeding.
Optimizing the Synthesis of Red- to Near-IR-Emitting CdS-Capped CdTe<i><sub>x</sub></i>Se<sub>1</sub><sub>-</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i> Alloyed Quantum Dots for Biomedical Imaging (2006)

Advancements in biomedical imaging require the development of optical contrast agents at an emission region of low biological tissue absorbance, fluorescence, and scattering. This region occurs in the red to near-IR (>600 nm) wavelength window. Quantum dots (Qdots) are excellent candidates for such applications. However, there are major challenges with developing high optical quality far-red- to near-IR-emitting Qdots (i.e., poor reproducibility, low quantum yield, and lack of photostability). Our aim is to systematically study how to prepare alloyed CdTexSe1-x with these properties. We discovered that the precursor concentrations of Te-to-Se and growth time had major impacts on the Qdot's optical properties. We also learned that the capping of these alloyed Qdots were difficult with ZnS but feasible with CdS because of the ZnS's lattice mismatch with the CdTexSe1-x. These systematic and basic studies led to the optimization of synthetic parameters for preparing Qdots with high quantum yield (>30%), narrow fluorescence full width at half-maxima (<50%), and stability against photobleaching (>10 min under 100W Hg lamp excitation with a 1.4 numerical aperture 60× objective) for biomedical imaging and detection. We further demonstrate the conjugation of biorecognition molecules onto the surface of these alloyed Qdots and characterize their use as contrast agents in multicolored and ultrasensitive imaging.
Integrated CPU and l2 cache voltage scaling using machine learning (2007)

Embedded systems serve an emerging and diverse set of applications. As a result, more computational and storage capabilities are added to accommodate ever more demanding applications. Unfortunately, adding more resources typically comes on the expense of higher energy costs. New chip design with Multiple Clock Domains (MCD) opens the opportunity for fine-grain power management within theprocessor chip. When used with dynamic voltage scaling (DVS), we can control the voltage and power of each domain independently. A significant power and energy improvement has been shown when using MCD design in comparison to managing a single voltage domain for the whole chip, as in traditional chips with global DVS.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD CULTURE (1992)

Weisse, Martin E. M.D.; Bass, James W. M.D., M.P.H.; Young, Linda M. M.T., A.S.C.P. Author Information
11.1 A 1.7pJ/b 112Gb/s XSR Transceiver for Intra-Package Communication in 7nm FinFET Technology (2021)

COVID-19 sparked a paradigm shift for businesses, education, and social life. The measures taken have emphasized, more than ever, the importance of on-line communication platforms. Online streaming services, education tools, and workplace communication tools all experienced a multifold increase in demand in 2020 as the world population was under a lockdown. Service providers' ability to meet these demands relies on the capacity of mega-scale data centers (MSDC). Hence, capacity and bandwidth of MSDCs are expected to grow exponentially. The transition from 12.8 to 51.2Tb/s switches for data centers leaf and spine is underway, and is expected to deploy starting in 2021~2022 [1]. Unfortunately, the increase of switch throughput comes with serious area, yield, and power limitations. To mitigate the problem, recent advances in chiplets and multi-die technologies for high throughput switches show a promising increase in yield and lower solution cost. Another direction is silicon photonic and ASIC co-integration, which allows for package throughput well beyond the electrical interface capability.
劳驾，请问“今日特碗”是什么? (2008)

这个世界很奇怪,比如一个小小的厨房,有的人讨厌洗菜,有的人不喜欢做饭,有的人则宁死不肯洗碗。对于最后一类人来说,彻底告别油渍菜渣的日子如今总算有了盼头——可以一口吃掉不用洗的碗,这是多么美妙的福音啊……
Detection and quantification of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. in Ixodes ricinus ticks from urban and rural environment, northern Poland, by real-time polymerase chain reaction (2015)

Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. are emerging tick-borne pathogens which can threaten human health. A duplex real-time PCR and qPCRs with primers and probes targeting 97 and 116 bp fragments of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes, respectively, were used for qualitative and quantitative detection of both pathogens in Ixodes ricinus ticks. Altogether 1875 ticks (1084 adults and 791 nymphs) were collected from rural and urban habitats in northern Poland. Of them, at least 0.9% were found to be infected with A. phagocytophilum while 2.5% with Babesia spp. A comparison of the infection rates by the tick stage, the type of area, the collection site, habitats of different tick density and by the month of collection was done. The prevalence of pathogens was significantly lower in nymphs than in adult ticks (p = 0.02) and in rural areas than in urban areas (p = 0.007). Four different 16S rRNA gene variants of A. phagocytophilum were determine, however none of them showed 100% identity with compared sequences isolated from human patients. The dominant Babesia species was B. venatorum. Results of qPCRs with circular and linearized forms of plasmids used as the standards showed significant difference in the pathogen loads (p = 0.001). The copy numbers of A. phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. estimated from the linear plasmids were 28.7 and 5.1 times lower, respectively, when compared with their circular forms, and were accepted as more reliable. The average number of copies of 16S rRNA gene of A. phagocytophilum in the positive I. ricinus samples were 3.39 × 10(5) ± 6.09 × 10(5). The mean copy number of 18S rRNA gene of Babesia spp. was ~2.55 × 10(5) ± 1.04 × 10(6). We confirmed the presence of A. phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. in I. ricinus in both rural and urban environments. The determined low infection rates suggests, however, that the risk for local population and tourists to acquire infection is also low. Moreover, we confirmed recent findings that serious overestimation by circular plasmid DNA makes it less suitable as a standard and that the linear standards should be recommended for qPCR.
Analysis and prediction of protective continuous B-cell epitopes on pathogen proteins (2008)

We present a computational method to automatically select and rank peptides for the stimulation of potentially protective or otherwise functionally altering antibodies. It can be shown that integration of variability, post-translational modification pattern conservation and B-cell antigenicity improve rational selection over random guessing. Probably more important, we find that for about 50% of antigen the approach works substantially better than for the overall dataset of 57 proteins. Essentially as a side effect our method optimizes for presumably best applicable peptides as they tend to be likely unmodified and as invariable as possible which is answering needs in diagnosis and treatment of pathogen infection. In addition we show the potential for further improvement by the application of machine-learning methods, in particular Random Forests.
Determination of the fraction of G0 cells in cytologic samples by means of simultaneous DNA and nuclear protein analyses. (1983)

The ratio of protein to amount of DNA in the nucleus was cytophotometrically determined by means of a combined Feulgen-naphthol yellow S staining procedure. Quiescent normal lymphocytes, bronchial epithelial cells and mammary epithelial cells all showed ratios that were significantly lower than in the proliferating counterparts of the different cell types. Hence, combined determinations of DNA and nuclear protein make it possible to determine the fraction of growth-arrested cells (G0 cells) in cytologic preparations.
Depression of membrane-bound Na+-K+-ATPase activity induced by free radicals and by ischemia of kidney (1988)

A partially purified, membrane-bound Na+-K+-ATPase fraction, prepared from the outer medulla of porcine kidney, was incubated in the presence of 0.1 mM FeCl3, 1 mM ADP, and 0.1-100 mM H2O2 for either 15 or 30 min at 37 degrees C. The activity of ouabain-sensitive Na+-K+-ATPase was reduced proportionally to the concentration of H2O2 and the duration of incubation. There were decreases in SH contents and turnover rates of the Na+-K+-ATPase preparation, while malondialdehyde (MDA) and conjugated dienes were generated from the membrane lipids in the course of the incubation. The concentrations of ethanolamine (E) plasmalogen and of arachidonic acid in the E glycerophospholipid molecules were reduced by the free radical reaction. Similarly, a reduction in Na+-K+-ATPase activity and the formation of MDA and conjugated dienes, together with a decrease in E glycerophospholipids, were observed when the membrane fraction was exposed to ultraviolet irradiation (254 nm) for 30 min at 4 degrees C. Administration of 10 mM dithiothreitol alleviated the reductions in enzyme activity, in turnover rate, and in SH content without suppressing MDA formation. Addition of 2 mM butylated hydroxytoluene to the incubation mixture prevented the lipid peroxidation without totally normalizing the enzyme activity in the H2O2 experiment, whereas this antioxidant restored the ATPase activity to normal in the ultraviolet experiment. Microsomal fractions, prepared from the outer medulla of canine kidney after 1 h of unilateral ischemia and 1 h of reperfusion, showed a decreased Na+-K+-ATPase activity, a reduced amount of SH groups, and an increased MDA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Decoding a New Neural–Machine Interface for Control of Artificial Limbs (2007)

An analysis of the motor control information content made available with a neural-machine interface (NMI) in four subjects is presented in this study. We have developed a novel NMI-called targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR)-to improve the function of artificial arms for amputees. TMR involves transferring the residual amputated nerves to nonfunctional muscles in amputees. The reinnervated muscles act as biological amplifiers of motor commands in the amputated nerves and the surface electromyogram (EMG) can be used to enhance control of a robotic arm. Although initial clinical success with TMR has been promising, the number of degrees of freedom of the robotic arm that can be controlled has been limited by the number of reinnervated muscle sites. In this study we assess how much control information can be extracted from reinnervated muscles using high-density surface EMG electrode arrays to record surface EMG signals over the reinnervated muscles. We then applied pattern classification techniques to the surface EMG signals. High accuracy was achieved in the classification of 16 intended arm, hand, and finger/thumb movements. Preliminary analyses of the required number of EMG channels and computational demands demonstrate clinical feasibility of these methods. This study indicates that TMR combined with pattern-recognition techniques has the potential to further improve the function of prosthetic limbs. In addition, the results demonstrate that the central motor control system is capable of eliciting complex efferent commands for a missing limb, in the absence of peripheral feedback and without retraining of the pathways involved.
The Use of Small Punch (Bulge) Tests to Estimate Fracture Stress in the Lower Shelf Regime (1992)

Abstract The small punch fracture stress σf(SP) and fracture toughness KIc of embrittled turbine rotor steels have been evaluated at temperatures corresponding to the lower shelf regime. The lower bound values of σf(SP), determined by statistically analyzing the data, are found to be relatively independent of test temperature range from −196 to −170°C for rotor M steel and from −196 to −150°C for rotor T steel. The relationship of σf(SP) to fractographic features was also investigated. The lower bound values of σf(SP) were found to be comparable with values of the microscopic fracture stress σ*f. This result indicates that small punch tests might be used successfully to measure σ*f of materials at lower shelf temperatures.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell secretome for tissue repair (2016)

For almost two decades, cell-based therapies have been tested in modern regenerative medicine to either replace or regenerate human cells, tissues, or organs and restore normal function. Secreted paracrine factors are increasingly accepted to exert beneficial biological effects that promote tissue regeneration. These factors are called the cell secretome and include a variety of proteins, lipids, microRNAs, and extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes and microparticles. The stem cell secretome has most commonly been investigated in pre-clinical settings. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that other cell types, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), are capable of releasing significant amounts of biologically active paracrine factors that exert beneficial regenerative effects. The apoptotic PBMC secretome has been successfully used pre-clinically for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, spinal cord injury, stroke, and wound healing. In this review we describe the benefits of choosing PBMCs instead of stem cells in regenerative medicine and characterize the factors released from apoptotic PBMCs. We also discuss pre-clinical studies with apoptotic cell-based therapies and regulatory issues that have to be considered when conducting clinical trials using cell secretome-based products. This should allow the reader to envision PBMC secretome-based therapies as alternatives to all other forms of cell-based therapies.
Review on Landﬁll Leachate Treatments (2009)

Problem Statement: Sanitary landfilling is the most common way to eliminate solid urban wastes. An important problem associated to landfills is the production of leachates. This study is a review of landfill leachate treatments. Approach: The advantages and disadvantages of the various existing leachate treatments discussed under the items: (i) Leachate channeling (combined treatment with domestic sewage, recycling) (ii) Biological processing (aerobic and anaerobic) (iii) Chemical/physical treatment (flotation, coagulation/flocculation, chemical precipitation, adsorption, ammonium stripping, chemical oxidation, ion exchange and electrochemical treatment) (iv) Membrane filtration (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis). Conclusion: The major fraction of old or biologically treated leachate was large recalcitrant organic molecules that are not easy removed during biological treatment. So that, in order to meet strict quality standards for direct discharge of leachate into the surface water, a development of integrated methods of treatment, a combination of biological, chemical, physical and membrane process steps, were required. Today, the use of membrane technologies, more especially Reverse Osmosis (RO), either as a main step in a landfill leachate treatment chain or as single post-treatment step had shown to be an indispensable means of achieving purification.
Self‐Organization of Ink‐jet‐Printed Triisopropylsilylethynyl Pentacene via Evaporation‐Induced Flows in a Drying Droplet (2008)

Abstract We have demonstrated the influence of evaporation‐induced flow in a single droplet on the crystalline microstructure and film morphology of an ink‐jet‐printed organic semiconductor, 6,13‐bis((triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS_PEN), by varying the composition of the solvent mixture. The ringlike deposits induced by outward convective flow in the droplets have a randomly oriented crystalline structure. The addition of dichlorobenzene as an evaporation control agent results in a homogeneous film morphology due to slow evaporation, but the molecular orientation of the film is undesirable in that it is similar to that of the ring‐deposited films. However, self‐aligned TIPS_PEN crystals with highly ordered crystalline structures were successfully produced when dodecane was added. Dodecane has a high boiling point and a low surface tension, and its addition to the solvent results in a recirculation flow in the droplets that is induced by a Marangoni flow (surface‐tension‐driven flow), which arises during the drying processes in the direction opposite to the convective flow. The field‐effect transistors fabricated with these self‐aligned crystals via ink‐jet printing exhibit significantly improved performance with an average effective field‐effect mobility of 0.12 cm 2 V –1 s –1 . These results demonstrate that with the choice of appropriate solvent ink‐jet printing is an excellent method for the production of organic semiconductor films with uniform morphology and desired molecular orientation for the direct‐write fabrication of high‐performance organic electronics.
Learning about failure root causes through maintenance records analysis (2004)

The exploitation of the equipment maintenance records is often a weak point within an operations management organization. Inexistence of a proper computerized maintenance management system, lack of competencies to properly handle maintenance data, or reduced knowledge in advance maintenance data processing techniques, are common problems to solve in order to benefit from the historical record of failures and maintenance operations carried out on certain equipment. This paper presents the learning obtained in a case study of the maintenance records of earthmoving equipment. We characterize the process to do a maintenance records analysis, describe difficulties and critical points of our sample study and present how this analysis could help in the process of identifying different root causes of critical fault modes. Finally, we present and discuss results and conclusions of the study.
Studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms (1943)

Research Article| December 01 1943 Studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms: 72. Gentisyl alcohol (2:5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol), a metabolic product of Penicillium patulum Bainier J. H. Birkinshaw; J. H. Birkinshaw 1Division of Biochemistry, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. Bracken; A. Bracken 1Division of Biochemistry, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. Raistrick H. Raistrick 1Division of Biochemistry, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1943) 37 (6): 726–728. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0370726 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. H. Birkinshaw, A. Bracken, H. Raistrick; Studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms: 72. Gentisyl alcohol (2:5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol), a metabolic product of Penicillium patulum Bainier. Biochem J 1 December 1943; 37 (6): 726–728. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0370726 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1943 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1943 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Voice capacity of IEEE 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11g wireless LANs (2005)

IEEE 802.11 based wireless local area networks (WLANs) are becoming popular in home, enterprise and public access areas primarily due to their low cost, simplicity of installation and high data rates. While WLANs continue to be predominantly data centric, there is growing interest in using WLANs for voice, especially in enterprise markets. This paper presents new analytical and simulation results for the conversational speech capacity of WLANs and compares the different WLAN technologies in that regard. Specifically, we consider IEEE 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11g systems in the infrastructure mode and find that voice capacity is a strong function of the channel bandwidth, codec packetization interval, data traffic and the packet size used by data. For the IEEE 802.11g system, we find that capacity depends on the CTS-to-self and RTS-CTS legacy protection mechanisms, with the RTS-CTS mechanism achieving lower capacity. We show that the analytical results are in close agreement with those from simulations and conclude the paper by highlighting some key factors that dictate the capacity of WLANs.
Pressure and flow changes in vaporizing GC injectors during injections and their impact on split ratio and discrimination of sample components (1979)

Abstract The effect of pressure changes in the vaporizing GC injectors on the split ratio is investigated. It is shown that the true split ratio depends on a number of parameters and may strongly differ from the split ratio expected from the flows set before injection. Quantitation with split injection based on external standards has to be carried out very carefully (or should be replaced by the method with internal standard). The split ratio may strongly change during the splitting of the sample. There are a number of mechanisms causing some sample components to be retarded and hence to be split by a different ratio. The split injector is a device which still requires further development.
Method and system for reading RFID tags embedded into tires on conveyors (2019)

RFID technology is nowadays largely applied to several industrial fields, especially for logistic purposes such as labeling, tracking and tracing of products and assets. Automotive industry is also progressively adopting the technology, with particular interest from the tire sector wherein the ambitious aim is optimizing the production/transformation lines, from the manufacturing of the single parts up to the final integration into the vehicle. This paper describes a system for univocally identifying and localizing tires embedding RFID tags that move along a conveyor line. Both hardware components and algorithms are described, together with the results of the experimental campaign.