gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FCUDA: Enabling efficient compilation of CUDA kernels onto FPGAs (2009)

As growing power dissipation and thermal effects disrupted the rising clock frequency trend and threatened to annul Moore's law, the computing industry has switched its route to higher performance through parallel processing. The rise of multicore systems in all domains of computing has opened the door to heterogeneous multiprocessor, where processors of different compute characteristics can be combined to effectively boost the performance per watt of different application kernels. GPUs and FPGAs are becoming very popular in PC-based heterogeneous systems for speeding up compute intensive kernels of scientific, imaging and simulation applications. GPUs can execute hundreds of concurrent threads, while FPGAs provide customized concurrency for highly parallel kernels. However, exploiting the parallelism available in these applications is currently not a push-button task. Often the programmer has to expose the application's fine and coarse grained parallelism by using special APIs. CUDA is such a parallel computing API that is driven by the GPU industry and is gaining significant popularity. In this work, we adapt the CUDA programming model into a new FPGA design flow called FCUDA, which efficiently maps the coarse and fine grained parallelism exposed in CUDA onto the reconfigurable fabric. Our CUDA-to-FPGA flow employs autopilot, an advanced high level synthesis tool which enables high abstraction FPGA programming. FCUDA is based on a source-to-source compilation that transforms the SPMD CUDA thread blocks into parallel C code for autopilot. We describe the details of our CUDA-to-FPGA flow and demonstrate the highly competitive performance of the resulting customized FPGA multi-core accelerators. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first CUDA-to-FPGA flow to demonstrate the applicability and potential advantage of using the CUDA programming model for high-performance computing in FPGAs.
Chemotherapy (1984)

Journal Article Chemotherapy Get access L. G. Goodwin L. G. Goodwin The Wellcome Trust, 1 Park Square West, London NW1 4LJ U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 78, Issue Supplement_1, 1984, Pages 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(84)90308-0 Published: 01 January 1984
Studies on Growth Inhibition of Hiochi-bacteria, Specific Saprophytes of Sake (1961)

The outline of this report has already been published as a short communication concerning the synthesis of deoxymuta-aspergillic acid and its identificationw ith 2-isobutyl-5-isopropyl-3-hydroxypyrazine. This synthesis establishes the structure of muta-aspergillic acid as formula (I).
Researchers Seek New Weapon Against the Flu (1997)

There may be a magic bullet after all, at least when it comes to the flu. Scientists announced last week that they have developed a new compound that may ward off the flu by halting the spread of influenza viruses in the mucous membranes of the nose and lungs. Public health experts caution, however, that even if the new compound, which so far has been tested only in animals, proves to be safe and effective, it shouldn't eclipse current vaccination programs.
Evaluation of Gen-Probe's Histoplasma capsulatum and Cryptococcus neoformans AccuProbes (1993)

Gen-Probe's DNA probes were evaluated for use in the identification of clinical isolates of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum and Cryptococcus neoformans. Ninety-five mould-phase fungi were probed, including 41 isolates of H. capsulatum var. capsulatum. Similarly, 98 yeasts, including 42 C. neoformans isolates, were examined by using the C. neoformans DNA probe. In the study, both probes demonstrated 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity. Their use in the clinical laboratory may significantly reduce the time required for definitive identification of fungi.
One-Pot Glyco-Affinity Precipitation Purification for Enhanced Proteomics:  The Flexible Alignment of Solution-Phase Capture/Release and Solid-Phase Separation (2005)

A one-pot affinity precipitation purification of carbohydrate-binding protein was demonstrated by designing thermally responsive glyco-polypeptide polymers, which were synthesized by selective coupling of pendant carbohydrate groups to a recombinant elastin-like triblock protein copolymer (ELP). The thermally driven inverse transition temperature of the ELP-based triblock polymer is maintained upon incorporation of carbohydrate ligands, which was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and (1)H NMR spectroscopy experiments. As a test system, lactose derivatized ELP was used to selectively purify a galactose-specific binding lectin through simple temperature-triggered precipitation in a high level of efficiency. Potential opportunities might be provided for enhanced proteomic, cell isolation as well as pathogen detection applications.
RFID tag bearing estimation for mobile robot localization (2009)

Passive RFID provides an inexpensive and effective support to basic mobile robot navigation tasks. Nonetheless, problems related to interference and reflections of the signal, and missing tag range and bearing information are open. In this paper, we present a novel method to estimate the bearing of a passive tag relative to a mobile robot equipped with RFID reader and antennas. The algorithm relies on fuzzy reasoning to both model the RFID device and estimate the tag bearing. As an application of the approach, we describe a landmark-based method to solve the so-called kidnapped robot problem, using tag bearing information and a single visual landmark. Experimental results are presented, proving the effectiveness of the proposed technique. It is shown that the combination of RFID and vision provides accurate robot pose information comparable to that of laser-based Monte Carlo localization, with the additional advantage of relying on low-cost sensors.
BCL-2 dependence and ABT-737 sensitivity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2007)

Cancer cells acquire disruptions in normal signal transduction pathways and homeostatic mechanisms that would trigger apoptosis in normal cells. These abnormalities include genomic instability, oncogene activation, and growth factor independent proliferation. Therefore, cancer cells likely require a block in apoptosis in order to survive. Overexpression of the antiapoptotic protein BCL-2 provides a block in apoptosis that is frequently observed in cancer cells. We have developed methods for the detection and analysis of BCL-2 dependence and here apply them to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). BH3 profiling, a mitochondrial assay that classifies blocks in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, indicated a dependence on BCL-2 of both ALL cell lines and primary samples. This dependence predicted that BCL-2 would be complexed with select pro-death BH3 family proteins, a prediction confirmed by the isolation of BCL-2 complexes with BIM. Furthermore, the BH3 profiling and protein analysis predicted that ALL cell lines and primary cells would be sensitive to ABT-737 as a single agent. Finally, BH3 profiling and protein studies accurately predicted a relative degree of sensitivity to BCL-2 antagonism in cell lines. The ALL cells studied exhibit BCL-2 dependence, supporting clinical trials of BCL-2 antagonists in ALL as single agents or combination therapies.
Morphology and Wettability Control of Silicon Cone Arrays Using Colloidal Lithography (2009)

In this paper we present a simple method to fabricate ordered silicon cone arrays with controllable morphologies on a silicon substrate using reactive ion etching with two-dimensional silica colloidal crystals as masks. The etching process and the morphologies of the obtained structure are quantified. Unlike works reported previously, we show that the surface roughness of the obtained silicon cone arrays can be adjusted by controlling the etching duration, which is proved to be of importance in tailoring the behavior of water droplets when being used as antireflection coatings with superhydrophobicity. Moreover, this strategy is compatible with the methods we have established on controlling the arrangement of colloidal spheres, and thus silicon cone arrays with tunable periodicities, different lattice structures, and various patterns can be prepared. The obtained silicon cone arrays with strips can be used as hydrophobic substrates with anisotropic dewetting just like the leaves of rice. It is found that by adjusting the strip width with and without silicon cones, the water droplets can transform from isotropic dewetting to anisotropic dewetting.
DR-LINK: A System Update for TREC-2 (1994)

The theoretical goal underlying the DR-LINK System is to represent and match documents and queries at the various linguistic levels at which human language conveys meaning. Accordingly, we have developed a modular system which processes and represents text at the lexical, syntactic, semantic, and discourse levels of language. In concert, these levels of processing permit DR-LINK to achieve a level of intelligent retrieval beyond more traditional approaches. In addition, the rich annotations to text produced by DR-LINK are replete with much of the semantics necessary for document extraction. The system was planned and developed in a modular fashion and functional modularity has been achieved, while a full integration of these multiple levels of linguistic processing is within reach. As currently configured, DR-LINK performs a staged processing of documents, with each module adding a meaningful annotation to the text. For matching, a Topic Statement undergoes analogous processing to determine its relevancy requirements for documents at each stage. Among the many benefits of staged processing are: improvements and changes can be easily made within any module; the contribution of the various stages can be empirically tested by simply turning them on or
Optically addressed asymmetric Fabry–Perot modulator (1991)

A low power, high contrast optically addressed modulator, operating with normal incidence, has been fabricated. Optically controlled reflection modulation is achieved through optically induced absorption modulation in a periodically δ-doped InGaAs/GaAs multiple quantum well structure inserted in an integrated asymmetric Fabry–Perot resonator. A contrast ratio≳60:1 was measured using a spectrally matched low power InGaAs/GaAs quantum well laser to generate the write (control) signal. The insertion loss for the normally off modulator is 4.6 dB at the highest write signal power (30 mW) used. The device lends itself to the fabrication of arrays for optically addressed spatial light modulation.
Properties of molten carboxylates. Part 1.—Electrical conductance and molar volumes of some molten lead and zinc carboxylates (1975)

The temperature dependences of the molar volumes, densities and electric conductivities of molten lead and zinc carboxylates of even numbered chain length from C6 to C18 inclusive are reported at temperatures from the melting points to just below the decomposition points. The molar volumes are linear functions of chain length and nearly so of temperature within the interval of measurement. Semilogarithmic plots of specific conductivity against inverse temperature for the zinc soaps are linear and the slopes decrease slightly with increasing chain length, representing enthalpies of about 40 kJ mol–1. A simple model for the system which proposes that the conduction is due to a small concentration of relatively mobile Zn2+ ions is presented.With the lead salts plots of log specific conductivity against inverse temperature show curvature. Attempts to fit the data to the equation κ=A exp[–C/(T–T0)] showed non-random deviations. Instead, a dissociation equilibrium in the melt is proposed which reaches completion in the high temperature range. It is proposed that the major current carrier is the lead ion and values of about 15 kJ mol–1 are found for its activation energy for mobility. An approximate method is used to estimate ΔH and ΔS for the proposed dissociation reaction from the conductivity data. They are found to be about 85 kJ mol–1 and 190 J mol–1 K–1 respectively for all the compounds studied. The high entropy change may indicate considerable aggregation of the undissociated species in the melts.
Improved Dental Composites Utilizing Dibenzylidene Sorbitol Networks (2005)

Abstract Dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS) is a sugar derivative that is capable of self‐organizing into a 3D nanofibrillar network at relatively low concentrations in a wide variety of organic solvents and polymer melts to induce physical gelation. This research was aimed at determining the effect of DBS networks on vinyl conversion, polymerization shrinkage, and mechanical strength of bioactive dental composites containing zirconyl‐modified amorphous calcium phosphate (Zr‐ACP) and a polymer matrix derived from the photopolymerization of ethoxylated bisphenol‐A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA). Flexural strength was enhanced while polymerization shrinkage and its associated stress development were both significantly reduced by the incorporation of DBS into the composites, suggesting that DBS may be a useful additive for dental composites.
Identification of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor II Receptor as a Novel Receptor for Binding and Invasion by <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (2005)

The gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes causes a life-threatening disease known as listeriosis. The mechanism by which L. monocytogenes invades mammalian cells is not fully understood, but the processes involved may provide targets to prevent and treat listeriosis. Here, for the first time, we have identified the insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGFIIR; also known as the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI)M6PR or CD222) as a novel receptor for binding and invasion of Listeria species. Random peptide phage display was employed to select a peptide sequence by panning with immobilized L. monocytogenes cells; this peptide sequence corresponds to a sequence within the mannose 6-phosphate binding site of the IGFIIR. All Listeria spp. specifically bound the labeled peptide but not a control peptide, which was demonstrated using fluorescence spectrophotometry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Further evidence for binding of the receptor by L. monocytogenes and L. innocua was provided by affinity purification of the bovine IGFIIR from fetal calf serum by use of magnetic beads coated with cell preparations of Listeria spp. as affinity matrices. Adherence to and invasion of mammalian cells by L. monocytogenes was significantly inhibited by both the synthetic peptide and mannose 6-phosphate but not by appropriate controls. These observations indicate a role for the IGFIIR in the adherence and invasion of L. monocytogenes of mammalian cells, perhaps in combination with known mechanisms. Ligation of IGFIIR by L. monocytogenes may be a novel mechanism that contributes to the regulation of infectivity, possibly in combination with other mechanisms.
Respiratory Symptoms, Pulmonary Function, and Markers of Inflammation Among Bar Workers Before and After a Legislative Ban on Smoking in Public Places (2006)

Smoke-free legislation was associated with significant early improvements in symptoms, spirometry measurements, and systemic inflammation of bar workers. Asthmatic bar workers also had reduced airway inflammation and improved quality of life.
Concatenation and Rebinning of IUE High Resolution Spectra (1998)

IUE High Resolution spectra will be available in the IUE Final Archive as concatenated spectra. The concatenation procedure is presented here. A study on the degradation of High Resolution spectra to Low Resolution to make both sets of data directly comparable is also shown. Quality flags and errors associated to the rebinned spectra are defined.
Asymmetric InGaAs/InP MOSFETs With Source/Drain Engineering (2014)

We have developed laterally asymmetric In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As/InP MOSFETs with different regrown contacts at the source (In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As) and the drain (InP). Introducing a wider bandgap material, InP, as the drain electrode, higher voltage gain g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> /g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> has been obtained with a reduced output conductance g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> and improved breakdown voltage V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">bd</sub> . For L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> = 50 nm, a high oscillation frequency f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> = 300 GHz has been obtained using an InP drain. A gate-connected field-plate has been introduced, which contributes to the device saturation with better impact ionization/band-to-band tunneling immunity.
Reviews CLAIRCOLIN, A history of printing in Britain. London, Cassell, 1965. Pp. xii+314, 36 plates. 50 <i>s</i> . (1967)

Journal Article Reviews Get access COLIN CLAIR, A history of printing in Britain. London, Cassell, 1965. Pp. xii+314, 36 plates. 50s. ROY STOKES ROY STOKES Loughborough Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Library, Volume s5-XXII, Issue 4, December 1967, Pages 362–363, https://doi.org/10.1093/library/s5-XXII.4.362 Published: 01 December 1967
Treatment of Turner's Syndrome With Estrogen (1978)

In 1938, Turner1 described the syndrome of short stature and sexual infantilism. Since that report, the association of streak gonads and a variety of other developmental defects has become well recognized.2(p286) Psychosexually, girls with Turner's syndrome are said to be "the epitome of femininity and markedly maternal in their play and child care interests."3 Administration of hormones to induce breast development and menstrual cycles maintains and promotes their feminine identity4 and is recommended for the psychological well-being of the girl with Turner's syndrome.5 Continuous estrogen therapy to induce breast development has been recommended for initial treatment, followed by cyclical estrogen administration to permit periodic shedding of the endometrium and bleeding.5-7 The addition of a progestational drug has been recommended if the response to estrogen alone was unsatisfactory.5,7 More recently, however, the use of cyclic estrogen-progesterone regimens has been considered safer.8-10 Although there have been a number of reports on the effects of estrogens on bone age and growth,11-14 there have been few systematic studies of the hormonal effects of replacement therapy in Turner's syndrome.15-18 Rosenfield et al.17 measured the changes in circulating levels of estradiol, estrone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), sex hormone-binding globulin capacity, thyroxine-binding globulin capacity, and vaginal cytological pattern in five girls with Turner's syndrome and one girl with multiple endocrine deficiency syndrome following a single intramuscular injection of estradiol cypionate, 1.5 to 2.0 mg (Fig. 1). Plasma estradiol levels reached a peak three to seven days after the injection and fell steadily thereafter, reaching control levels at 18 to 20 days.
Crystal Structure Determination of Aristolochene Synthase from the Blue Cheese Mold, Penicillium roqueforti* (2000)

The 2.5-A resolution crystal structure of recombinant aristolochene synthase from the blue cheese mold, Penicillium roqueforti, is the first of a fungal terpenoid cyclase. The structure of the enzyme reveals active site features that participate in the cyclization of the universal sesquiterpene cyclase substrate, farnesyl diphosphate, to form the bicyclic hydrocarbon aristolochene. Metal-triggered carbocation formation initiates the cyclization cascade, which proceeds through multiple complex intermediates to yield one exclusive structural and stereochemical isomer of aristolochene. Structural homology of this fungal cyclase with plant and bacterial terpenoid cyclases, despite minimal amino acid sequence identity, suggests divergence from a common, primordial ancestor in the evolution of terpene biosynthesis.
Evolution of the Primary Immune Response to<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>in Murine Lung (1998)

Histoplasma capsulatum induces a cell-mediated immune response in the lungs and lymphoid organs of mammals. In this study, we analyzed the progression of the cytokine and inflammatory reactions in the lungs of mice infected intranasally with H. capsulatum. We measured cytokine mRNA levels and determined the inflammatory cell populations during the active phase of infection (<3 weeks). Transcription of genes encoding interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, and IL-12 and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) was detectable as early as day 3 of infection, whereas a signal for IL-10 was never observed. Competitive PCR analysis demonstrated that enhanced expression of IL-12 mRNA was observed by day 3 and that expression of mRNA for IL-2 and IFN-gamma progressively increased from day 5 to day 10. All levels declined by day 14. Analysis of the inflammatory response revealed an initial elevation in myeloid cells (Mac-1+) and natural killer (NK) cells followed by a rise in T cells, predominantly CD4+ cells. Since IFN-gamma is a key factor in host defense, we performed cytoplasmic staining to determine the cell populations that produced this cytokine. The hierarchy of synthesis was CD4+ > CD8+ > NK cells. Thus, H. capsulatum provokes an orderly modulation of the inflammatory and cytokine responses in murine lungs.
Purification and characterization of cytostatic lymphokines produced by activated human T lymphocytes. Synergistic antiproliferative activity of transforming growth factor <i>beta</i> 1, interferon-gamma, and oncostatin M for human melanoma cells. (1987)

Supernatants from activated human T lymphocytes were highly growth inhibitory for A375 human melanoma cells. Three growth inhibiting polypeptides, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and oncostatin M, were isolated from the acid-soluble fraction of serum-free T cell-conditioned medium and purified by gel permeation chromatography and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography in volatile solvents at acid pH. The purification was monitored in a growth inhibition assay. The release of TGF-beta 1 biologic activity by and the purification of IFN-gamma from the medium of activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes have been reported. We now describe the isolation of oncostatin M from the conditioned medium of activated human T cells. The concentration of oncostatin M required for half-maximal inhibition of A375 melanoma cells was approximately 4 pM when assayed in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum. The purified oncostatin M had an apparent m.w. 28,000 and an amino-terminal sequence that was identical with the sequence of oncostatin M isolated from supernatants of macrophage-like cells. Suboptimal concentrations of TGF-beta 1 in combination with suboptimal concentrations of IFN-gamma or oncostatin M resulted in synergistic antiproliferative responses for A375 cells (1.9 and 3.1 times the expected additive responses, respectively). Combinations of oncostatin M and IFN-gamma added simultaneously to A375 cells caused an additive growth inhibitory response. These results demonstrate that oncostatin M is a novel lymphokine, and its interaction with other cytostatic polypeptide growth inhibitors may play a role in the immune regulation of tumor cell growth.