gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Switched-Coupled-Inductor DC–DC Step-Up Converter and Its Derivatives (2014)

This paper presents a novel dc-dc converter configuration, which successfully integrates two technologies, including a switched capacitor and a switched coupled inductor, into one converter. By adopting a coupled inductor to charge a switched capacitor, the voltage gain can be effectively increased, and the turns ratio of the coupled inductor can be also reduced. Not only lower conduction losses but also higher power conversion efficiency is benefited from a lower part count and lower turns ratios. The proposed converter is simply composed of six components, which can be further derived to varied converters for different purposes, such as a bidirectional converter. The operating principle and steady-state analysis are discussed in this paper. A 250-W laboratory hardware prototype is completed and verified. The voltage gain is up to 11. The highest efficiency is 97.2%, and the full-load efficiency is kept at 93.6%.
Issues of spectral quality in clinical <sup>1</sup>H‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy and a gallery of artifacts (2004)

In spite of the facts that magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is applied as clinical tool in non-specialized institutions and that semi-automatic acquisition and processing tools can be used to produce quantitative information from MRS exams without expert information, issues of spectral quality and quality assessment are neglected in the literature of MR spectroscopy. Even worse, there is no consensus among experts on concepts or detailed criteria of quality assessment for MR spectra. Furthermore, artifacts are not at all conspicuous in MRS and can easily be taken for true, interpretable features. This article aims to increase interest in issues of spectral quality and quality assessment, to start a larger debate on generally accepted criteria that spectra must fulfil to be clinically and scientifically acceptable, and to provide a sample gallery of artifacts, which can be used to raise awareness for potential pitfalls in MRS.
Optimizing under abstraction: Using prefetching to improve FPGA performance (2013)

In an effort to speed the development of FPGA-based accelerators, recent research has focused on providing FPGA developers with memory and communications abstractions. Because abstraction decouples the function of these interfaces from their implementation, these new interfaces present an enormous opportunity for optimization. In this paper we examine stride prefetching as a means of improving the performance of an automatically synthesized, abstract memory hierarchy. We demonstrate, by applying our technique to several large benchmarks, that prefetching can improve preexisting application runtime by 15% on average, and up to 40%, without requiring program modification.
Modeling a secure supply chain integrity preservation system (2013)

It is important to preserve the integrity of a product as it is transported through the channel of distribution and delivered to the final consumer. In real world cases, manufacturing plants are sited at different parts of the world. Thus, it is an absolute necessity to have a secure mechanism which allows the supply chain integrity to be preserved. In this paper, we proposed a novel three-way bounded protocol for generating asserted holding and transferal proofs for preserving the integrity of the supply chain system. Additionally, the proofs are used to create a provenance chain for preserving the chronological order of the path of the product. The proposed protocol allows us to ensure the authenticity of the product with respect to its supply chain. We also provide a security analysis of the proposed architecture to illustrate the feasibility of the design.
Use of Polymer Resins for Surface Annulus Isolation Enhancement (2018)

Abstract Cementing is an extremely important task in oil/gas well drilling operations to ensure integrity of the well, and to prevent gas and oil migration through the cement matrix for an extended period. This could lead to sustained pressure in the casing annulus (CCA). Sometimes, cements or chemicals are injected from the surface to improve wellbore isolation. Two parameters control this surface operation success; injectivity and pressure. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the ability of different types of resins in shallow remedial operations at different parameters of injectivity and pressures to improve wellbore isolation. Examples of these resins are epoxy resin system and polyester resins. Epoxy based resin is prepared by mixing an epoxy resin with an aromatic amine-curing agent. A polyester resin system is made by mixing polyester resin, norpol peroxide curing agent, filler, and silicon dioxide. Intensive lab testing and pilot testing were performed at shallow conditions to assess the limitation of each type of resin and to optimize on operational procedures. For such surface operations at low injectivity profile, it is expected to have solids free resin for deeper penetration. Short setting resins are desired over extended ones to allow for proper isolation and quick sealing. The paper will discuss best practices to perform the surface operations and will highlight limitations and benefits of both resins supported by intensive lab testing and field applications.
β1 integrin mediation of myogenic differentiation: implications for satellite cell differentiation (2004)

Myoblast-extracellular matrix interactions mediated by integrin receptors have been shown to play a pivotal role in skeletal muscle development. In the current study, the avian genetic muscle weakness, low score normal (LSN), which exhibits modified myotube and sarcomere structure and a reduction in beta1 integrin expression during satellite cell differentiation, was used as a model system to further investigate the role of beta1 integrins in myogenic differentiation. During normal satellite cell differentiation, the beta1 integrin was localized at areas of pseudopodial activity and points of cell contact. In contrast, in LSN satellite cell cultures the beta1 integrin was predominantly observed in clusters not associated with points of cell to cell contact. The LSN satellite cells underwent apoptosis at the same time normal satellite cells were fusing to form multinucleated myotubes. During muscle development, the beta1 integrin is regulated by alternative splicing from a beta1A to beta1D form. During both embryonic and posthatch pectoralis major muscle development, regulation of the beta1A and beta1D variants was altered in the LSN. Normal and LSN myogenic satellite cell cultures did not express the beta1D integrin, but the LSN satellite cells expressed higher concentrations of the beta1A integrin than did normal satellite cells. Taken together, these data further demonstrate the importance of the beta1 integrin subunit in the regulation of cell-extracellular matrix signal transduction pathways during muscle growth and differentiation.
The effects of mode conversion in long circular waveguide (1958)

Coupling to spurious modes at imperfections in a long circular waveguide may cause the TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> loss to increase and to fluctuate randomly with frequency. The statistical properties of the TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> loss-frequency curve can be expressed in terms of the statistical properties of the random geometric imperfections of the guide and therefore in terms of the mechanical tolerances of the waveguide. Such imperfections as poor joints and elliptical waveguide have negligible effect under reasonable tolerances. However, random deviations of the guide axis from a straight line may have very serious effects under certain conditions. Experimental measurements verify these conclusions.
AN ITERATIVE METHOD FOR HAMMERSTEIN-WIENER SYSTEMS PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION (2004)

The paper deals with parameter identification of nonlinear dynamic systems using Hammerstein-Wiener models. Multiple application of a decomposition technique provides special expressions for the model description that are linear in parameters. This allows iterative estimation of all model parameters based on the measured input/output data and estimates of internal variables. The proposed algorithm is illustrated by identification of systems with polynomial characteristics. K e y w o r d s: nonlinear systems, identification, Hammerstein-Wiener model
An efficient model for frequency-dependent on-chip inductance (2001)

Article Share on An efficient model for frequency-dependent on-chip inductance Authors: Min Xu ECE Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI ECE Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WIView Profile , Lei He ECE Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI ECE Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WIView Profile Authors Info & Claims GLSVLSI '01: Proceedings of the 11th Great Lakes symposium on VLSIMarch 2001 Pages 115–120https://doi.org/10.1145/368122.368887Online:01 March 2001Publication History 20citation290DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations20Total Downloads290Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
SYNTHESIS OF SYM-HOMOPINIC ACID (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSYNTHESIS OF SYM-HOMOPINIC ACIDJ. S. STINSON and RAY V. LAWRENCECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 7, 1047–1053Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01372a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01372a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pattern profile control in magnetron reactive ion etching of poly-Si (1992)

The effect of adding SF6 or C2H6 to Cl2 plasma to control the pattern profile in poly-Si etching has been studied using a magnetron reactive ion etching system. It is found that the sidewalls of patterns etched with pure Cl2 plasma are either sloped or vertical depending on whether a radio-frequency (rf) power of 700 W (0.9 W/cm2) or 600 W(0.77 W/cm2) is applied. By increasing the content of SF6 the angle of the sidewall taper of the pattern etched at 700 W rf power reaches 90°. Adding C2H6 makes it possible to adjust the slope of the sidewall over a range from 77° to 90° at a rf power of 600 W. These observed results are attributed to plasma polymerization.
High Temperature Heat Exchanger Design and Fabrication for Systems with Large Pressure Differentials (2017)

The project’s main purpose was to design, build and test a compact heat exchanger for supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) power cycle recuperators. The compact recuperator is required to operate at high temperature and high pressure differentials, 169 bar (~2,500 psi), between streams of sCO2. Additional project tasks included building a hot air-to-sCO2 Heater heat exchanger (HX) and design, build and operate a test loop to characterize the recuperator and heater heat exchangers. A novel counter-current microtube recuperator was built to meet the high temperature high differential pressure criteria and tested. The compact HX design also incorporated a number of features that optimize material use, improved reliability and reduced cost. The air-to-sCO2 Heater HX utilized a cross flow, counter-current, micro-tubular design. This compact HX design was incorporated into the test loop and exceeded design expectations. The test loop design to characterize the prototype Brayton power cycle HXs was assembled, commissioned and operated during the program. Both the prototype recuperator and Heater HXs were characterized. Measured results for the recuperator confirmed the predictions of the heat transfer models developed during the project. Heater HX data analysis is ongoing.
Controller Design of Power Quality-Improving Appliances (2007)

This paper presents an innovative solution to power quality problems using power quality-improving (PQI) appliances. PQI appliances conduct currents that supplement and correct the sum of the other load currents within a premise. From the utility side, the premise housing a PQI appliance thus becomes an improved, if not ideal, utility customer. The PQI appliance improves both harmonic power quality and power factor while performing its normal function, such as heating water. In this paper, the water heater PQI appliance is used as an example to demonstrate the control circuit design and function. Both computer simulation results and laboratory experiment results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. The estimated costs of the PQI controller and of harmonic compensating filters are compared to show that the PQI appliance may be an economic way to provide power quality improvement at the building level.
Altered Function of Factor I Caused by Amyloid β: Implication for Pathogenesis of Age-Related Macular Degeneration from Drusen (2008)

The results of recent studies have implicated local inflammation and complement activation as the processes involved in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We have demonstrated that amyloid beta (Abeta), which is deposited in drusen, causes an imbalance in the angiogenesis-related factors in retinal pigment epithelial cells. We have also shown that neprilysin gene-disrupted mice accumulate Abeta, and develop several features of AMD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in the development of AMD that are triggered by Abeta. Our results showed that Abeta binds to complement factor I which inhibits the ability of factor I to cleave C3b to inactivated iC3b. Factor H and factor I are soluble complement-activation inhibitors, and preincubation of factor I with Abeta in the presence of factor H abolished the ability of Abeta to cleave C3b, and also abolished the ability of factor I to cleave FGR-AMC. In contrast, Abeta did not affect the function of factor H even after binding. The production of iC3b was significantly decreased when C3b and factor H were incubated with the eyes from neprilysin gene-disrupted mice as compared with when C3b and factor H were incubated with eyes from age-matched wild-type mice. These results suggest that Abeta activates the complement system within drusen by blocking the function of factor I leading to a low-grade, chronic inflammation in subretinal tissues. These findings link four factors that have been suggested to be associated with AMD: inflammation, complement activation, Abeta deposition, and drusen.
Physics of ion beam cancer therapy: A multiscale approach (2009)

We propose a multiscale approach to understand the physics related to ion-beam cancer therapy. It allows the calculation of the probability of DNA damage as a result of irradiation of tissues with energetic ions, up to 430 MeV/u. This approach covers different scales, starting from the large scale, defined by the ion stopping, followed by a smaller scale, defined by secondary electrons and radicals, and ending with the shortest scale, defined by interactions of secondaries with the DNA. We present calculations of the probabilities of single and double strand breaks of DNA, suggest a way to further expand such calculations, and also make some estimates for glial cells exposed to radiation.
Pd<sup>II</sup>-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction with 1,3-Chirality Transfer; Stereoselective Synthesis of Chiral Nonracemic 2,2<b>′</b>-THF−THF Ring Units (2011)

A Pd(II)-catalyzed cascade reaction of chiral nonracemic allylic alcohols possessing an internal mono- or diepoxide and a terminal alcohol provided a contiguous THF-THF ring unit stereospecifically. The cyclization takes place in a 5-exo-tet-5-exo-trig fashion with high chirality transfer through a syn-S(N)2' like process for the formation of the internal THF ring. Chiral bis- and tris-THF-THF ring units were effectively prepared from acyclic precursors by the Pd-catalyzed reaction.
Peripheral Disruption of the Grb10 Gene Enhances Insulin Signaling and Sensitivity In Vivo (2007)

Grb10 is a pleckstrin homology and Src homology 2 domain-containing protein that interacts with a number of phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinases, including the insulin receptor. In mice, Grb10 gene expression is imprinted with maternal expression in all tissues except the brain. While the interaction between Grb10 and the insulin receptor has been extensively investigated in cultured cells, whether this adaptor protein plays a positive or negative role in insulin signaling and action remains controversial. In order to investigate the in vivo role of Grb10 in insulin signaling and action in the periphery, we generated Grb10 knockout mice by the gene trap technique and analyzed mice with maternal inheritance of the knockout allele. Disruption of Grb10 gene expression in peripheral tissues had no significant effect on fasting glucose and insulin levels. On the other hand, peripheral-tissue-specific knockout of Grb10 led to significant overgrowth of the mice, consistent with a role for endogenous Grb10 as a growth suppressor. Loss of Grb10 expression in insulin target tissues, such as skeletal muscle and fat, resulted in enhanced insulin-stimulated Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies revealed that disruption of Grb10 gene expression in peripheral tissues led to increased insulin sensitivity. Taken together, our results provide strong evidence that Grb10 is a negative regulator of insulin signaling and action in vivo.
Linking Central Metabolism with Increased Pathway Flux: <scp>l</scp> -Valine Accumulation by <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> (2002)

Mutants of Corynebacterium glutamicum were made and enzymatically characterized to clone ilvD and ilvE, which encode dihydroxy acid dehydratase and transaminase B, respectively. These genes of the branched-chain amino acid synthesis were overexpressed together with ilvBN (which encodes acetohydroxy acid synthase) and ilvC (which encodes isomeroreductase) in the wild type, which does not excrete L-valine, to result in an accumulation of this amino acid to a concentration of 42 mM. Since L-valine originates from two pyruvate molecules, this illustrates the comparatively easy accessibility of the central metabolite pyruvate. The same genes, ilvBNCD, overexpressed in an ilvA deletion mutant which is unable to synthesize L-isoleucine increased the concentration of this amino acid to 58 mM. A further dramatic increase was obtained when panBC was deleted, making the resulting mutant auxotrophic for D-pantothenate. When the resulting strain, C. glutamicum 13032DeltailvADeltapanBC with ilvBNCD overexpressed, was grown under limiting conditions it accumulated 91 mM L-valine. This is attributed to a reduced coenzyme A availability and therefore reduced flux of pyruvate via pyruvate dehydrogenase enabling its increased drain-off via the L-valine biosynthesis pathway.
Low temperature photo-CVD oxide processing for semiconductor device applications (1981)

A low temperature (50-300°C) process for the photochemical vapor deposition (Photo-CVD) of a variety of oxide dielectrics has been developed by Hughes Aircraft Company. The low pressure Photo-CVD oxide process (PHOTOX <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> ) relies solely on the selective absorption of photonic energy for initiation in contrast to thermal and plasma excitation techniques commonly employed in the industry today. The PHOTOX silicon dioxide (i.e. SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> formed by the PHOTOX process) dielectric depbsited at 200°C with a refractive index of 1.46 is stoichiometric SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> with a breakdown strength of 6.0×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> V/cm. The PHOTOX process provides exceptional step coverage and is capable of producing virtually pinhole-free (<2/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) dielectrics with uniform surface morphology. The electrical interface associated with the PHOTOX SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> has been examined on a number of elemental and compound semiconductors including silicon and indium phosphide which reveal distinct advantages of the process compared to thermal and plasma CVD processes.
Role of near-surface states in ohmic-Schottky conversion of Au contacts to ZnO (2005)

A conversion from ohmic to rectifying behavior is observed for Au contacts on atomically ordered polar ZnO surfaces following remote, room-temperature oxygen plasma treatment. This transition is accompanied by reduction of the “green” deep level cathodoluminescence emission, suppression of the hydrogen donor-bound exciton photoluminescence and a ∼0.75eV increase in n-type band bending observed via x-ray photoemission. These results demonstrate that the contact type conversion involves more than one mechanism, specifically, removal of the adsorbate-induced accumulation layer plus lowered tunneling due to reduction of near-surface donor density and defect-assisted hopping transport.
Acid Hematin Pigmentation of the Cornea in Stillborn Fetuses (1990)

During the postmortem histopathologic evaluation of eyes from stillborn fetuses we noted the presence of a prominent undescribed corneal pigment in 18 of 55 stillborn fetuses. The corneal pigment was frequently associated with documented meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and in no instance was a stained cornea coupled with recorded clear amniotic fluid. Pigmented corneas came from stillborn fetuses with a longer duration of intrauterine death than nonstained corneas. The pigment stained black with the Fontana-Masson stain, was birefringent, and treatment of tissue sections with 5% potassium permanganate and 5% oxalic acid as well as with saturated alcoholic picric acid solution removed the pigment indicating that it is acid hematin. The most likely cause of the acid hematin-stained corneas was tissue acidity created in utero with prolonged intrauterine death.