gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible bandwidth allocation in terabit packet switches (2002)

Switches with input buffers can potentially provide high capacity, because they do not involve multiplexing at output ports, and inputs can operate at high bit-rates. We have previously proposed an algorithm for packet scheduling in high-capacity switches, termed round-robin greedy scheduling (RRGS). RRGS completely removes head-of-line (HOL) blocking at terabit capacity. However, RRGS cannot provide arbitrary bandwidth shares to input-output pairs. We propose a simple extension of RRGS, termed weighted RRGS (WRRGS), which can flexibly share the bandwidth of any output among the inputs at terabit switching capacity. We prove that WRRGS can share at least 50% of the total switch capacity. It exploits the fact that RRGS finds a maximal matching between inputs and outputs.
Effects of Modification Sequence on Structures and Properties of Hydroxypropylated and Crosslinked Waxy Maize Starch (2000)

The effects of modification sequence on chemical structures and physicochemical properties of hydroxypropylated (HP) and crosslinked (XL) waxy maize starch were investigated. The physicochemical properties, including pasting, gelling, and thermal properties, were studied. The chemical structures of dual-modified starches and their beta-limit dextrins were characterized with high-performance liquid chromatography. The HP-XL starch had higher Brabender viscosity than did the XL-HP starch at both pH 7 and 3; however, both showed similar gelling properties. Significantly higher onset and peak gelatinization temperatures, gelatinization enthalpy, and lower retrogradation were observed for the HP-XL starch. The HP-XL starch also exhibited significantly higher beta-amylolysis limit and higher content of low molecular weight saccharides in its isoamylase-debranched starch, suggesting its structure was more accessible to enzymatic attack than the XL-HP starch. Structural analyses revealed different distribution patterns of modifying groups between the two modified starches. The results indicate that the modification sequence altered the susceptibility to enzymes, changed the locations of substitution, and modified the physicochemical properties of the HP and XL waxy maize starches.
International migration : implications for the World Bank (1995)

Increased awareness of the volume and direction of international population movements has been accompanied by growing awareness that migration is linked -often in ways that are poorly understood -to development objectives. Given the Bank's central role in promoting development, many ask: What is the Bank doing about international migration? This report reviews recent trends in international migration and explores their implications for the Bank. Estimates prepared by the United Nations indicate that more than 100 million people are living outside their countries of birth or citizenship. There is no single, well-developed theory to explain the volume and direction of these movements. Economic as well as political and social factors play roles in the interpretation of empirical evidence about migration, and there is growing attention to environmental inkages as well. Many developing country governments encourage international labor migration, more often implicitly than explicitly. By providing employment for both unskilled and skilled workers, emigration offers an outlet for domestic frustrations that might otherwise present serious political problems, and can produce large inflows of valuable hard currency remittances. The consequences of international migration for development (of development on migration) in countries of origin and destination remain hotly debated. International migration is not a high profile matter within the Bank, but more is being done than meets the eye. The topic is addressed in the Bank's ongoing work program through economic and sector work, policy dialogue, and in project preparation and lending. While the report does not recommend a major migration initiative for the Bank, it does suggest that efforts to enhance the internal and external flow of information, to increase awareness, and to expand its analytical capacity could have a high payoff.
Reflection-reduced encapsulated transmission grating (2008)

We present the design and realization of a highly dispersive dielectric transmission grating with 97.0% diffraction efficiency. This grating is embedded in fused silica, which allows for an efficient suppression of any reflection losses. It is very easy to handle and clean, and its monolithic layout gives rise to high resistance against laser-induced damage and long-term stability comparable to conventional fused silica components.
Liquid-crystalline main chain polyesters derived from<i>p</i>-phenylenediacrylic acid (1989)

Abstract 4,4′-(p-phenylenediacryloyloxy)-dibenzoyl chloride was polycondensed at 220°C with several diols in order to obtain liquid-crystalline polymers. The mesomorphic properties were studied by optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Gelation due to thermal crosslinking occurred at higher temperatures. With the exception of 2,2′-biphenyldiol derivative, all the polymers derived from aliphatic diols, dihydroxy ethers and aromatic diphenols exhibit mesogenic behaviour.
A 1.5 nW, 32.768 kHz XTAL Oscillator Operational From a 0.3 V Supply (2016)

This paper presents an ultra-low power crystal (XTAL) oscillator circuit for generating a 32.768 kHz clock source for real-time clock generation. An inverting amplifier operational from 0.3 V VDD oscillates the XTAL resonator and achieves a power consumption of 2.1 nW. A duty-cycling technique powers down the XTAL amplifier without losing the oscillation and reduces the power consumption to 1.5 nW. The proposed circuit is implemented in 130 nm CMOS with an area of 0.0625 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and achieves a temperature stability of 1.85 ppm/°C.
Characterization of N-myristoyl transferase inhibitors and their effect on HIV release (1991)

Acylation of virus proteins is an important covalent modification which has been shown, in many cases, to be necessary for their normal function. Furthermore, it has been shown that cerulenin, an inhibitor of this process, inhibits formation of vesicular stomatitis virus and Rous sarcoma virus in infected cultures, as well as acylation of HIV proteins. However, in agreement with earlier reports, we found that the acylating enzyme, N-myristoyl transferase, was unaffected by cerulenin which did, however, inhibit protein synthesis, thereby making interpretation of its effects difficult. Analogues of myristic acid were found to inhibit acylation in intact cells without toxic effects on protein synthesis or mitochondrial function. Myristic acid analogues were also shown by an in vitro assay to act directly on the acylating activity (N-myristoyl transferase). Furthermore, myristic acid analogues were found to inhibit HIV release from HIV-infected cells and glucosamine, which has recently been shown to be a non-competitive inhibitor of N-myristoyl-transferase, also inhibited HIV release.
Kinetic study of polyurethane synthesis using different catalytic systems of Fe, Cu, Sn, and Cr (2009)

Abstract This work presents a comparative study between alternative catalytic systems, metal‐β‐diketones complexes (iron, copper, chromium, and tin), and the commercial catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate, DBTDL, in the polyurethanes synthesis obtained from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and polyols as polypropyleneglycol/diethyleneglycol and 1,6‐hexanodiol polyadipate (polyester A‐Mn = 2000 g/mol and polyester B‐Mn = 1000 g/mol) reactions. The polyurethanes synthesis was followed by the IPDI consumption in time, verified by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) through the decrease of free NCO characteristic band at 2300–2200 cm −1 . The FTIR data was used to determine the polyurethanes formation kinetic behavior. It was verified that for the reactions with polyethers excess, DBTDL catalyst was more effective when compared to metal‐β‐diketones complexes, while for the reactions with polyester, A and B, the metal‐β‐diketones complexes were more effective. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JAppl Polym Sci, 2010
Finding needles in compressed haystacks (2012)

In this paper, we investigate the problem of compressed learning, i.e. learning directly in the compressed domain. In particular, we provide tight bounds demonstrating that the linear kernel SVMs classifier in the measurement domain, with high probability, has true accuracy close to the accuracy of the best linear threshold classifier in the data domain. Furthermore, we indicate that for a family of well-known deterministic compressed sensing matrices, compressed learning is provided on the fly. Finally, we support our claims with experimental results in the texture analysis application.
From Critique to Mobilization: The Yes Men and the Utopian Politics of Satirical Fake News (2013)

To date, communication and media scholars have placed significant emphasis on the professionalized forms of satirical fake news currently operating within the structures of corporate media, pointing to their continued efforts to counter the prevailing attitudes and perspectives proliferated across the dominant channels of public discourse. What follows is a broader examination of how politically motivated and activist-oriented practitioners have deployed satirical fake news to call attention to various causes and sites of struggle and to create opportunities for dissenting perspectives to register with broader publics.
A silicon-micromachined pin for contact droplet printing (2003)

This paper reports the design and fabrication of a micromachined silicon pin that serves as a novel contact-printing tool. More specific application is in the DNA and protein microarray field for small and precise droplet printing onto a solid support. Our goal is to develop low cost, high performance silicon pins as simple replacement of the stainless-steel pins used in typical microarray robots. The test results show an average droplet size of 38 /spl mu/m in diameter, compared with over 100 /spl mu/m for the commercial pins, as well as more consistent droplet sizes.
Demonstrating the role of anchoring functionality in interfacial electron transfer dynamics in the newly synthesized BODIPY–TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructure composite (2017)

Scheme illustrating the extent of coupling and charge recombination dynamics between BODIPY and NS-TiO<sub>2</sub> anchoring through the catechol and resorcinol binding group.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW EVIDENCE OF STEREOELECTRONIC CONTROL FROM THE BASIC HYDROLYSIS OF ESTERS, LACTONES, AMIDES AND LACTAMS. CARBONYL OXYGEN EXCHANGE. REVERSIBLE RING OPENING OF LACTAMS AND LACTONES (1977)

Abstract Durch Anwendung von Regeln der stereoelektronischen Kontrolle bei der Bildung und Spaltung von tetraedrischen Zwischenstufen lassen sich für die alkalische Hydrolyse von Estern und Amiden sowie Lactamen folgende Voraussagen machen: Bei primären und sekundären Amiden und Z(trans)‐Estern kann ein Carbonyl‐Sauerstoff‐Austausch eintreten, während bei tertiären Amiden, sekundären und tertiären Lactamen sowie bei E(cis)‐Estern ein solcher Austausch nicht stattfinden kann.
Cation-π interactions in structural biology (1999)

Cation-pi interactions in protein structures are identified and evaluated by using an energy-based criterion for selecting significant sidechain pairs. Cation-pi interactions are found to be common among structures in the Protein Data Bank, and it is clearly demonstrated that, when a cationic sidechain (Lys or Arg) is near an aromatic sidechain (Phe, Tyr, or Trp), the geometry is biased toward one that would experience a favorable cation-pi interaction. The sidechain of Arg is more likely than that of Lys to be in a cation-pi interaction. Among the aromatics, a strong bias toward Trp is clear, such that over one-fourth of all tryptophans in the data bank experience an energetically significant cation-pi interaction.
Rethinking development economics (2004)

The global financial crisis, too, has cast doubt over the neoclassical paradigm in advanced industrial countries, and rightly so. Much of development economics had been viewed as asking how developing countries could successfully transition toward the kinds of market-oriented policy frameworks that came to be called "American style capitalism." The debate was not about the goal, but the path to that goal, with some advocating "shock therapy," while others focused on pacing and sequencing--a more gradualist tack. The global financial crisis has now raised questions about that model even for developed countries.
Amino acid sequence identity between the HA1 of influenza A (H3N2) viruses grown in mammalian and primary chick kidney cells (1992)

Primary isolation of type A influenza (H3N2) virus in mammalian Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells results in a virus with haemagglutinin (HA) identical to that of the virus replicating in the infected individual, whereas similar isolation of virus in the embryonated egg results in the selection of variants with amino acid substitutions in the globular head region of the HA molecule. To determine whether other mammalian and avian host cells routinely used in laboratory isolation of influenza viruses also impose a selective pressure on the replicating virus population, the HA of viruses isolated in several different primary or continuous mammalian cells or avian cells has been characterized. The HAs of H3N2 viruses isolated in monkey kidney LLC-MK2 and primary guinea-pig kidney cell culture were antigenically identical to MDCK cell-grown virus isolated from the same patient. The deduced amino acid sequence over the region of HA1 encoding residues implicated in host cell-mediated sequence variation revealed that the HA sequences of viruses isolated and passaged in these mammalian cell types, and in a human lung continuous cell line (MRC-5), were identical to that of the virus present in the infected individual. In addition, isolation of virus in avian primary chick kidney (CK) cells yielded a predominant virus with HA identical to that of mammalian cell-grown virus and the virus present in the original clinical material. However, passage of CK cell-grown virus in chicken embryos (eggs) resulted in the predominance of viruses with amino acid substitutions in HA, a minority of which resulted in antigenic variation. Since CK cell culture is used in the development of live attenuated influenza vaccines, the sequence identity between CK cell-grown virus and the virus present in the infected individual is reassuring. Nevertheless, subsequent passage of virus strains in eggs, necessary for vaccine production, must be monitored closely.
Speech emotion recognition in emotional feedback for Human-Robot Interaction (2015)

For robots to plan their actions autonomously and interact with people, recognizing human emotions is crucial. For most humans nonverbal cues such as pitch, loudness, spectrum, speech rate are efficient carriers of emotions. The features of the sound of a spoken voice probably contains crucial information on the emotional state of the speaker, within this framework, a machine might use such properties of sound to recognize emotions. This work evaluated six different kinds of classifiers to predict six basic universal emotions from non-verbal features of human speech. The classification techniques used information from six audio files extracted from the eNTERFACE05 audio-visual emotion database. The information gain from a decision tree was also used in order to choose the most significant speech features, from a set of acoustic features commonly extracted in emotion analysis. The classifiers were evaluated with the proposed features and the features selected by the decision tree. With this feature selection could be observed that each one of compared classifiers increased the global accuracy and the recall. The best performance was obtained with Support Vector Machine and bayesNet.
Fiber diameter of polybutylene terephthalate melt‐blown nonwovens (2005)

Abstract A polymer air‐drawing model of Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) melt‐blown nonwovens has been established. The predicted fiber diameter coincides with the experimental data. The effects of the processing parameters on the fiber diameter have been investigated. A lower polymer flow rate, a higher initial air velocity, and a larger die‐to‐collector distance can all produce finer fibers, whereas too high an initial air velocity and too large a die‐to‐collector distance contribute little to the polymer drawing of PBT melt‐blown nonwovens. The results show the great potential of this research for the computer‐assisted design of melt‐blowing technology. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1750–1752, 2005
Comparison of surface transverse wave (STW) and shear horizontal acoustic plate mode (SHAPM) devices for biochemical sensors (2002)

Surface transverse wave (STW) and shear horizontal acoustic plate mode (SHAPM) geometries have been proposed and demonstrated as potential biochemical sensors. The STW provides simplicity of instrumentation by virtue of its single acoustic mode of operation, while the SHAPM affords ease of packaging since the electronics may be placed on the opposite surface from the liquid solution. First generation device designs using both technologies have previously demonstrated nanogram sensitivity using model biochemical systems such as human IgG/goat anti-human IgG and cytomegalovirus DNA. More recently, second generation devices have been designed and are being tested using bacteria and their toxins. This paper will outline the critical tradeoffs between the two approaches. Initial electrical properties and sensor results are reported.
Deep reinforcement learning for tensegrity robot locomotion (2017)

Tensegrity robots, composed of rigid rods connected by elastic cables, have a number of unique properties that make them appealing for use as planetary exploration rovers. However, control of tensegrity robots remains a difficult problem due to their unusual structures and complex dynamics. In this work, we show how locomotion gaits can be learned automatically using a novel extension of mirror descent guided policy search (MDGPS) applied to periodic locomotion movements, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on tensegrity robot locomotion. We evaluate our method with real-world and simulated experiments on the SUPERball tensegrity robot, showing that the learned policies generalize to changes in system parameters, unreliable sensor measurements, and variation in environmental conditions, including varied terrains and a range of different gravities. Our experiments demonstrate that our method not only learns fast, power-efficient feedback policies for rolling gaits, but that these policies can succeed with only the limited onboard sensing provided by SUPERball's accelerometers. We compare the learned feedback policies to learned open-loop policies and hand-engineered controllers, and demonstrate that the learned policy enables the first continuous, reliable locomotion gait for the real SUPERball robot. Our code and supplementary material is available from http://rll.berkeley.edu/drl_tensegrity.
Circadian Rhythms and Shift Workers (1967)

Journal Article Circadian Rhythms and Shift Workers Get access J.N. Mills J.N. Mills Professor of Physiology, Univeristy of Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Occupational Medicine, Volume 17, Issue 1, 1967, Pages 5–7, https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/17.1.5 Published: 01 January 1967
Thermal management of high performance microprocessors in burn-in environment (2004)

In deep sub-micron CMOS technologies, increased standby current in high performance processors results in increased junction temperature. This elevated temperature has a positive feedback on the standby current. If the temperature is not controlled, it may lead to thermal runaway. In this paper we investigate the thermal management of high performance chips in the burn-in environment.
Second-harmonic generation in collagen as a potential cancer diagnostic parameter (2008)

The fibrillar collagen network in tumor and normal tissues is different due to remodeling of the extracellular matrix during the malignant process. Collagen type I fibers have the crystalline and noncentrosymmetric properties required for generating the second-harmonic signal. The content and structure of collagen were studied by imaging the second-harmonic generation (SHG) signal in frozen sections from three tumor tissues, osteosarcoma, breast carcinoma, and melanoma, and were compared with corresponding normal tissues, bone/femur, breast, and dermis/skin. The collagen density was measured as the percentage of pixels containing SHG signal in tissue images, and material parameters such as the second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility given by the d22 coefficient and an empirical anisotropy parameter were used to characterize the collagen structure. Generally, normal tissues had much more collagen than tumor tissues. In tumor tissues, a cap of collagen was seen at the periphery, and further into the tumors, the distribution of collagen was sparse and heterogeneous. The difference in structure was reflected in the two times higher d22 coefficient and lower anisotropy values in normal tissues compared with tumor tissues. Together, the differences in the collagen content, distribution, and structure show that collagen signature is a promising diagnostic marker.
Epidemiologic, Clinical, and Virologic Observations on Dengue in the Kingdom of Tonga (1978)

We report computational results for the time evolution of the velocity distribution P(V,t) for two-level and multilevel ‘‘Doppler’’ laser cooling. We compare results obtained from the semiclassical (SC) Fokker-Planck equation and from generalized optical Bloch equations applied to density matrices over a basis of products of internal and quantized translational states (QDM). Computer memory requirements are optimized to make large-scale QDM calculations feasible. QDM and SC agree well except for two cases: (a) atoms in the wells of the light-shift potential (with kinetic energy less than the well depth, U0), and (b) atoms with recoil energy ER comparable to or greater than the natural linewidth hG. Transient dips occur in P(V,t) at V=0 in QDM results due to slow cooling of atoms in the light-shift potential wells. Dips in P(V,t) occur at velocity-tuned-resonance (Doppleron) velocities but disappear over long interaction times as atoms accumulate near points where the force is zero. When ER¿hG, sharp peaks occur in P(V,T) at V=±VR from velocity-selective population quasitrapping not previously found in a two-level transition. Sharp features in P(V,t) occur also for J¿J+1 transitions with J&gt;0, small U0/ER, and sufficiently large detuning, from transitions between individual quantum states in the periodic potential.