gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concurrent and longitudinal associations of basal and diurnal cortisol with mental health symptoms in early adolescence (2008)

Recent biosocial theories postulate that both biological risk and the social context influence the development of mental health problems [Boyce and Ellis (2005) Development and Psychopathology, 17(2), 271-301]. Guided by this framework, we examined whether basal cortisol and its diurnal rhythm were associated with mental health symptoms in early adolescence. Because cross-sectional and longitudinal investigations sometimes reveal different cortisol-mental health associations, we examined the association both concurrently and longitudinally when children transition to middle school, a time which entails a major change in social context from single to multiple teachers, classrooms, and sets of classmates. Salivary cortisol was measured three times a day (waking, afternoon, and bedtime) across 3 days when adolescents were 5th graders. Mental health was measured when adolescents were in 5th and 7th grades, just before and after the transition to middle school. To deal with the substantial comorbidity of internalizing and externalizing symptoms at this developmental stage, mental health measures distinguished overall symptom severity from the preponderance of internalizing versus externalizing symptoms (i.e., directionality). A three-level Hierarchical Linear Model was used to extract basal cortisol and its diurnal rhythm separate from the day-to-day and within-the-day fluctuations in cortisol in response to daily experiences. Results were specific to symptom severity, suggesting that cortisol is a nonspecific risk factor for mental health symptoms in young adolescents. At 5th grade, low basal cortisol was associated with concurrent symptom severity. However, longitudinally, it was adolescents with high cortisol at 5th grade who were at risk for increasing mental health symptoms by 7th grade. Flat diurnal rhythms in 5th grade were related to levels of symptom severity at both 5th and 7th grades. Considering the change in social context, as defined by the transition to middle school, helped resolve seemingly inconsistent evidence that both hypo- and hyper-arousal were associated with mental health symptoms in early adolescence.
Quantization error-based regularization for hardware-aware neural network training (2018)

We propose “QER”, a novel regularization strategy for hardware-aware neural network training. Although quantized neural networks reduce computation power and resource consumption, it also degrades the accuracy due to quantization errors of the numerical representation, which are defined as differences between original numbers and quantized numbers. The QER solves such the problem by appending an additional regularization term based on quantization errors of weights to the loss function. The regularization term forces the quantization errors of weights to be reduced as well as the original loss. We evaluate our method by using MNIST on a simple neural network model. The evaluation results show that the proposed approach achieves higher accuracy than the standard training approach with quantized forward propagation.
Uniform Shift Multiplication Algorithms Without Overflow (1978)

In this correspondence the problem of performing the multiplication by recoding the multiplier is considered. A special recoding for fractional numbers in two's complement form is presented, that generates a class of uniform shift multiplication algorithms having the property that every partial product is always in the open interval (-1,1). Both the scan of the multiplier from the least to the most significant bit and the scan in the opposite direction are considered.
A Machine Learning Approach for Intestinal Motility Assessment with Capsule Endoscopy (2006)

Intestinal motility assessment with video capsule endoscopy arises as a novel and challenging clinical fieldwork. This technique is based on the analysis of the patterns of intestinal contractions obtained by labelling all the motility events present in a video provided by a capsule with a wireless micro-camera, which is ingested by the patient. However, the visual analysis of these video sequences presents several important drawbacks, mainly related to both the large amount of time needed for the visualization process, and the low prevalence of intestinal contractions in video. In this work we propose a machine learning system to automatically detect the intestinal contractions in video capsule endoscopy, driving a very useful but not feasible clinical routine into a feasible clinical procedure. Our proposal is divided into two different parts: The first part tackles the problem of the automatic detection of phasic contractions in capsule endoscopy videos. Phasic contractions are dynamic events spanning about 4-5 seconds, which show visual patterns with a high variability. Our proposal is based on a sequential design which involves the analysis of textural, color and blob features with powerful classifiers such as SVM. This approach appears to cope with two basic aims: the reduction of the imbalance rate of the data set, and the modular construction of the system, which adds the capability of including domain knowledge as new stages in the cascade. The second part of the current work tackles the problem of the automatic detection of tonic contractions. Tonic contractions manifest in capsule endoscopy as a sustained pattern of the folds and wrinkles of the intestine, which may be prolonged for an undetermined span of time. Our proposal is based on the analysis of the wrinkle patterns, presenting a comparative study of diverse features and classification methods, and providing a set of appropriate descriptors for their characterization. We provide a detailed analysis of the performance achieved by our system both in a qualitative and a quantitative way.
PLATYBASIA WITH INVOLVEMENT OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (1942)

FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY, NEW YORK HOSPITAL, AND THE CORNELL UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE, NEW YORK, N. Y.
Transient Covalent Interactions of Newly Synthesized Thyroglobulin with Oxidoreductases of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2014)

Newly synthesized thyroglobulin (Tg), the thyroid prohormone, forms detectable high molecular weight mixed disulfide adducts: until now, only Tg "adduct B" was identified as primarily engaging the endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductases ERp57 and protein disulfide isomerase. Here, we demonstrate that the faster migrating Tg adduct C primarily engages the CaBP1/P5 oxidoreductase, whereas the slower migrating Tg adduct A primarily engages ERp72. Upon siRNA-mediated knockdown of CaBP1/P5 or ERp72, adducts C or A, respectively, are decreased. Within the three Tg adduct bands that do not exhibit a precursor-product relationship, Tg exhibits distinct oxidation patterns. We present evidence suggesting that disulfide maturation occurs within Tg monomers engaged in each of the adduct bands. Moreover, the same Tg substrate molecules can form simultaneous mixed disulfides with both CaBP1/P5 and protein disulfide isomerase, although these are generally viewed as components of distinct oxidoreductase-chaperone protein complexes. Such substrate-oxidoreductase combinations offer Tg the potential for simultaneous oxidative maturation along different parallel tracks leading to the native state.
Depassivation Of Si-SiO2 Interface Following Rapid Thermal Annealing (2006)

The thermal stability of the Si-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> interface of thermally oxidised silicon wafers is investigated using the Quasi-steady state photoconductivity decay (QSS-PCD) method. Planar silicon (100) and (111), as well as textured (100) wafers with various surface orientations were subjected to rapid thermal annealing. Wafers textured with inverted pyramids displayed the most rapid depassivation rate, while (100) planar wafers showed the slowest depassivation rate. The depassivation rate of wafers which had been textured with inverted pyramids and subsequently rounded by acid etching was between that of (100) planar and wafers textured with inverted pyramids. The results suggest that the Si-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> interface on planar (100) surfaces is particularly thermally stable, and that the stability gradually decreases as one moves from from a (100) to a (111) surface orientation. The results also suggest that textured surfaces have a lower thermal stability, and a higher recombination rate, that planar surfaces of the same area and surface orientation
Effects of neutron irradiation on magnetic properties of Fe80B20 amorphous alloys (1987)

The influence of the neutron irradiation on the magnetic properties of Fe80B20 amorphous ribbons is investigated by the temperature dependence of spontaneous magnetization and hysteresis loop measurements. It is shown that the irradiation leads to a decrease of the value of the exchange constant Aex implying atomic rearrangements to ward disordering after irradiation. Beside this, there are strong indications from hysteresis loop measurements that elastic stress centres are produced during the process of neutron irradiation in the amorphous ribbons investigated. After annealing a recovering of irradiation-induced defect structures takes place. [Russian Text Ignored].
GPU-assisted malware (2010)

Malware writers constantly seek new methods to obfuscate their code so as to evade detection by virus scanners. Two code-armoring techniques that pose significant challenges to existing malicious-code detection and analysis systems are unpacking and run-time polymorphism. In this paper, we demonstrate how malware can increase its robustness against detection by taking advantage of the ubiquitous Graphics Processing Unit. We have designed and implemented unpacking and run-time polymorphism for a GPU, and tested them using existing graphics hardware. We also discuss how upcoming GPU features can be utilized to build even more robust, evasive, and functional malware.
Supporting predictive change impact analysis: a control call graph based technique (2005)

Change impact analysis plays an important role in software maintenance. It allows developers assessing the possible effects of a change. We present, in this paper, a new static technique supporting software change impact analysis. The technique uses a new model based on control call graphs. It captures the control related to components calls and generates the different control flow paths in a program. The generated paths, in a compacted form, are used to identify the potential set of components that may be affected by a given change. Furthermore, the tool developed can be used to perform predictive impact analysis. It can also be used to support regression testing. We performed an experimental study on several Java programs. The reported results show that the proposed technique can predict impact sets that are more accurate than those obtained using traditional approaches based on call graphs.
On Iterative Computation of Generalized Inverses and Associated Projections (1966)

Related DatabasesWeb of Science You must be logged in with an active subscription to view this.Article DataHistorySubmitted: 24 September 1966Published online: 14 July 2006Publication DataISSN (print): 0036-1429ISSN (online): 1095-7170Publisher: Society for Industrial and Applied MathematicsCODEN: sjnaam
Stationary noise responses in a nonlinear model of cochlear mechanics: Iterative solutions in the frequency domain (2014)

To examine quasilinear filtering properties in cochlear mechanics, Liu and Neely [(2012). What Fire is in Mine Ears: Progress in Auditory Biomechanics, edited by C. A. Shera and E. S. Olson (AIP, Melville, NY), pp. 218-223] calculated Wiener kernels of a nonlinear cochlear model; it was verified that the model's responses to noise could be accurately predicted by treating the kernels as the impulse responses of an equivalent linear system. However, this previous work fell short of showing that the quasilinear filters could be realized under the same structure of the model, a property predicted by de Boer [(1997). Aud. Neurosci. 3, 377-388]. To address the issue of realizability, this paper presents a method that computes the cochlear model's responses to noise iteratively in the frequency domain. First, cochlear transfer functions are calculated as if the system is linear; then, the efficiency of the outer hair cell electromechanical transduction is adjusted. The two steps repeat until the transfer functions converge. Simulation shows that, as the stimulus level increases, the magnitude response of the cochlea decreases and the latency shortens. The corresponding impulse responses are approximately equal to the Wiener kernels obtained in time-domain simulation; as the stimulus varies, the approximation error is <5% in terms of energy. Thus, the Wiener kernels are effectively computed via the present method, which guarantees that the structure of the model is preserved.
Regulation of the Estrogen Receptor and its Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Ovariectomized Sheep Myometrium and Endometrium: The Role of Estradiol and Progesterone1 (1996)

Estrogen receptor (ER) mRNA is dramatically increased in sheep myometrium and endometrium during glucocorticoid-induced premature labor and term spontaneous labor. However, the underlying mechanism for the up-regulation of uterine ER in labor is still unknown. We used ovariectomized (OVX) non-pregnant sheep to analyze the role of estradiol and progesterone in the regulation of myometrial and endometrial ER protein and ER mRNA in vivo. Twenty-one OVX ewes were treated with saline (n = 6), or with estradiol infused i.v. for 2 days (50 micrograms/day, n = 5), or with an intravaginal progesterone sponge for 10 days (containing 0.3 g progesterone, n = 5), or with an intravaginal progesterone sponge for 10 days with estradiol (50 micrograms/day) administered on Days 9 and 10 with the progesterone sponge still in place (n = 5). The ER protein concentration in both cytosolic and nuclear compartments, analyzed by Western blot, increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the myometrium after estradiol treatment, while progesterone alone had no detectable effect on ER level. Elevated ER protein was observed only in the nuclear fraction of endometrium. However, when estradiol was given together with progesterone treatment, progesterone antagonized the up-regulatory effect of estradiol on the ER level both at the endometrium and myometrium. The changes in cellular ER mRNA followed the pattern observed at the ER protein level. Estrogen receptor mRNA was elevated significantly (p < 0.01) only in estradiol-treated ewes. Expression of the ER gene in ewes receiving progesterone alone or progesterone combined with estradiol was similar to that of the control group. From these observations we conclude that ER gene expression and active ER synthesis in nonpregnant sheep myometrium and endometrium are estradiol-dependent. Progesterone antagonizes this estrogen action. Progesterone down-regulated the elevated ER mRNA when used together with estradiol. In situ hybridization showed that ER mRNA was evenly distributed in the smooth muscle cells and blood vessels of the myometrium and the epithelial cells of the glands in endometrium. In conclusion, we have observed estradiol-dependent activation of ER gene expression as well as active ER synthesis in the nonpregnant sheep myometrium and endometrium. Progesterone acted as an antagonist of estradiol on ER gene expression.
The Interaction between Exchange Rates and Stock Prices: An Australian Context (2009)

The aim of this paper is to examine the interaction between stock prices and exchange rates in Australia. During the period of the study, the value of the stock market increased by two-thirds and the Australian dollar exchange rate appreciated by almost one-third. The empirical analysis employed provides evidence of a positive co-integrating relationship between these variables, with Granger causality found to run from stock prices to the exchange rate during the sample period. Although commodity prices have not been included, the significance of the results lends support to the notion that these two key financial variables interacted in a manner consistent with the portfolio balance model, that is, stock price movements cause changes in the exchange rate. This challenges the traditional view of the Australian economy as export-dependent, and also suggests that the Australian stock market has the depth and liquidity to adequately compete for both domestic and international capital against other larger markets.
Polymethacrylate-Based Nitric Oxide Donors with Pendant <i>N</i>-Diazeniumdiolated Alkyldiamine Moieties:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Preparation of Nitric Oxide Releasing Polymeric Coatings (2005)

A series of new nitric oxide (NO) releasing copolymers have been prepared by covalently anchoring alkyldiamine side chains onto a polymethacrylate-based polymer backbone, followed by NO addition to form the desired pendant diazeniumdiolate structures. The resulting diazeniumdiolated copolymers were characterized via UV spectroscopy, and their proton-driven decomposition to release NO was also examined by UV and FTIR as well as chemiluminescence. Polymers with up to 22.1 mol % of incorporated amine sites that can be converted to corresponding diazeniumdiolates could be prepared, and such polymers release up to 0.94 micromol/mg of NO. Further, novel NO releasing polymeric coatings were formulated by doping one of the new polymethacrylate-based NO donors within inert polymeric matrixes. Biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) was employed as a film additive to greatly prolong the NO release of such coatings by continuously generating protons within the organic phase of the polymeric films, thereby driving decomposition of the diazeniumdiolates.
Nondispersive hole transport in amorphous films of methoxy-spirofluorene-arylamine organic compound (2002)

Hole transport in the organic small molecule material 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4- methoxyphenylamino)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (methoxy-spiro) is studied by three different experimental techniques: Time of flight (TOF), dark-injection space-charge-limited current transients and steady-state current–voltage characteristics, and over a wide range of electric fields, sample thicknesses and temperatures. It is shown that room-temperature mobilities measured by all three methods agree well over a range of studied thicknesses from 4 μm down to 135 nm. Temperature-dependent TOF measurements are analyzed within the Gaussian disorder model and the parameters of charge transport in this material are extracted. Comparison with the data reported for other spirolinked compounds indicate a significant increase of the mobility prefactor in the methoxy-spiro, which is attributed to the increased spread of the highest occupied molecular orbital wave function in this material.
Performance of 100% Fly Ash Concrete with Recycled Glass Aggregate (2011)

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Breast-Conserving Surgery Using Projection and Reproduction Techniques of Surgical-Position Breast MRI in Patients with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast (2008)

This study demonstrates that BCS can be done guided by the precise projection and reproduction techniques of the lesion obtained by surgical-position breast MRI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of BCS technique for DCIS in this manner. Our surgical approach can be clinically useful in surgical planning and management in patients with DCIS.
Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>-synthesizing enzymes in fever: differential transcriptional regulation (2002)

The febrile response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) consists of three phases (phases I-III), all requiring de novo synthesis of prostaglandin (PG) E(2). The major mechanism for activation of PGE(2)-synthesizing enzymes is transcriptional upregulation. The triphasic febrile response of Wistar-Kyoto rats to intravenous LPS (50 microg/kg) was studied. Using real-time RT-PCR, the expression of seven PGE(2)-synthesizing enzymes in the LPS-processing organs (liver and lungs) and the brain "febrigenic center" (hypothalamus) was quantified. Phase I involved transcriptional upregulation of the functionally coupled cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and microsomal (m) PGE synthase (PGES) in the liver and lungs. Phase II entailed robust upregulation of all enzymes of the major inflammatory pathway, i.e., secretory (s) phospholipase (PL) A(2)-IIA --> COX-2 --> mPGES, in both the periphery and brain. Phase III was accompanied by the induction of cytosolic (c) PLA(2)-alpha in the hypothalamus, further upregulation of sPLA(2)-IIA and mPGES in the hypothalamus and liver, and a decrease in the expression of COX-1 and COX-2 in all tissues studied. Neither sPLA(2)-V nor cPGES was induced by LPS. The high magnitude of upregulation of mPGES and sPLA(2)-IIA (1,257-fold and 133-fold, respectively) makes these enzymes attractive targets for anti-inflammatory therapy.
The diversity of the lipoxygenase family (1999)

Lipoxygenases form a family of lipid peroxidising enzymes, which oxygenate free and esterified polyenoic fatty acids to the corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives. They are widely distributed in both the plant and animal kingdoms. During the last couple of years more and more lipoxygenase isoforms have been discovered but for most of them the biological significance remains unclear. This review attempts to classify the currently known mammalian lipoxygenase isoforms and critically reviews the concepts for their biological importance.
Translocator Protein Ligands as Promising Therapeutic Tools for Anxiety Disorders (2009)

The Translocator protein (TSPO), formerly known as the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor, is an 18 kDa mitochondrial protein primarily involved in steroid biosynthesis in both peripheral and glial cells. It has been extensively reported that TSPO regulates the rate-limiting translocation of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane before its transformation by cytochrome P450(scc) into pregnenolone, which is further converted into an array of different steroids. In the brain, neurosteroids such as allopregnanolone and pregnenolone, acting as positive modulators of gamma-aminobutyric type A (GABA(A)) receptors, exert anxiolytic activity. Specific ligands targeting TSPO increase neurosteroid production and for this reason they have been suggested to play an important role in anxiety modulation. Unlike benzodiazepines (Bzs), which represent the most common anti-anxiety drugs administered around the world, selective TSPO ligands have shown anxiolytic effects in animal models without any of the side effects associated with Bzs. Therefore, specific TSPO ligands that are able to promote neurosteroidogenesis may represent the future of therapeutic treatment of anxiety disorders. Furthermore, TSPO expression levels are altered in several different psychiatric disorders in which anxiety is the main symptom. This article reviews the primary and patent literature over the last decade concerning the development of novel TSPO ligands that have resulted effective in various models of anxiety, taking into special consideration their structure-activity relationships.