gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trimethoprim and sulfonamide resistance (1995)

Free access1 February 1995 Share on Trimethoprim and sulfonamide resistanceAuthors: P Huovinen, L Sundström, G Swedberg, O SköldAuthors Info & AffiliationsDOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.39.2.279 PDF/EPUB
Cationic lipids and surfactants as antifungal agents: mode of action (2006)

The critical phenomenon determining antifungal effect of cationic surfactants and lipids is not cell lysis but rather the change of cell surface charge from negative to positive.
Mechanistic aspects of the alternating copolymerization of carbon monoxide with olefins catalyzed by cationic palladium complexes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanistic aspects of the alternating copolymerization of carbon monoxide with olefins catalyzed by cationic palladium complexesAntonio Batistini and Giambattista ConsiglioCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 5, 1766–1769Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00041a004https://doi.org/10.1021/om00041a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views185Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Contrasting Behavior of Boron Trifluoride and Phosphorus Pentafluoride toward Sulfolane (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTContrasting Behavior of Boron Trifluoride and Phosphorus Pentafluoride toward SulfolaneJohn G. JonesCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1966, 5, 7, 1229–1232Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50041a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50041a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel Cell Flying Capacitor Converter Topology with Significant Reduction in Number of Components (2014)

Abstract This paper proposes a novel configuration of conventional flying capacitor (FC) inverter called cell flying capacitor converter (CFC). The proposed topology is obtained by replacing the clamping capacitor of flying capacitor converter with number of series connected half-bridge cells. The main advantages of the proposed converter, compared to the conventional FC converter, are drastic reduction in the number of switches and capacitors. Furthermore, there are redundant switching states which cause to create different pole voltages. In this structure, it is possible to balance the capacitor voltages instantaneously in any direction of the current, by selecting suitable switching states, irrespective of the load power factor. To evaluate performance of the proposed configuration and its control strategy, simulation has been done in MATLAB/Simulink and results have been presented.
Carrillo's Flying Artillery: The Battle of San Pedro (1969)

Research Article| December 01 1969 Carrillo's Flying Artillery: The Battle of San Pedro Les Driver Les Driver Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar California Historical Society Quarterly (1969) 48 (4): 335–349. https://doi.org/10.2307/25154394 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Les Driver; Carrillo's Flying Artillery: The Battle of San Pedro. California Historical Society Quarterly 1 December 1969; 48 (4): 335–349. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/25154394 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCalifornia History Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1969 California Historical Society Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Effects of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> and its 20‐epi analogues (MC 1288, MC 1301, KH 1060), on clonal keratinocyte growth: evidence for differentiation of keratinocyte stem cells and analysis of the modulatory effects of cytokines (1997)

1. Keratinocytes are functionally divided into stem cells, transit amplifying cells and terminally differentiated cells. In a hyperproliferative skin disease, psoriasis, increased mitotic activity of the stem cells is chiefly responsible for epidermal hyperplasia. The effects of 1,25dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and potent vitamin D3 analogues (MC 1288: 20-epi-1,25(OH)2D3, MC 1301: 20-epi-24a-homo-26,27-dimethyl-1,25(OH)2D3, KH 1060: 20-epi-22-oxa-24a-homo-26,27-dimethyl-1,25(OH)2D3) on the stem cells were investigated. 2. Stem cells were identified retrospectively as those giving rise to large keratinocyte colonies in culture (holoclones). 1,25(OH)2D3 (10(-8)-10(-6) M) suppressed formation of holoclones by stimulating the progenitor cell differentiation into the phenotype expressing differentiation markers (keratins K1/K10 and involucrin). 3. 20-Epi vitamin D3 analogues were more potent than 1,25(OH)2D3 in inhibiting the clonal keratinocyte growth. This activity correlated with the ability to induce cell differentiation (KH 1060 > MC 1301 > MC 1288 > 1,25(OH)2D3). 4. Cytokines modulated the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on clonal growth. One of the following cytokines (epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor alpha, interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8) was required for 1,25(OH)2D3 to suppress clonal growth and induce cell differentiation. In contrast, keratinocyte growth factor and insulin-like growth factor I attenuated the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3. 5. In conclusion, 1,25(OH)2D3 and 20-epi vitamin D3 analogues suppress clonal growth by directly inducing the differentiation of progenitor cells. It is conceivable that stimulation of stem cells differentiation is a major mechanism of action of vitamin D3 compounds in psoriasis. Balance between different types of cytokines in psoriatic epidermis may be an important factor determining the clinical effect of vitamin D-based therapy.
JSEL: Jamming Skin Enabled Locomotion (2009)

A soft, mobile, morphing robot is a desirable platform for traversing rough terrain and navigating into small holes. In this work, a new paradigm in soft robots is presented that utilizes jamming of a granular medium. The concept of activators (as opposed to actuators) is presented to jam and unjam cells that then modulate the direction and amount of work done by a single central actuator. A prototype jamming soft robot utilizing JSEL (Jamming Skin Enabled Locomotion) with external power and control is discussed and both morphing results and mobility (rolling) results are presented. Future directions for the design of a soft, hole traversing robot are discussed, as is the role and promises of jamming as an enabling technology for soft robotics.
Fatal familial insomnia and familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: different prion proteins determined by a DNA polymorphism. (1994)

Fatal familial insomnia and a subtype of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, two clinically and pathologically distinct diseases, are linked to the same mutation at codon 178 (Asp-178-->Asn) but segregate with different genotypes determined by this mutation and the methionine-valine polymorphism at codon 129 of the prion protein gene. The abnormal isoforms of the prion protein in these two diseases were found to differ both in the relative abundance of glycosylated forms and in the size of the protease-resistant fragments. The size difference was consistent with a different protease cleavage site, suggesting a different conformation of the protease-resistant prion protein present in the two diseases. These differences are likely to be responsible for the type and location of the lesions that characterize these two diseases. Therefore, the combination of the mutation at codon 178 and the polymorphism at codon 129 determines the disease phenotype by producing two altered conformations of the prion protein.
Spherical Aromaticity of Inorganic Cage Molecules (2001)

Not only fullerenes but also inorganic cage molecules can be highly spherical aromatic. The molecular allotropes 1 (E=N, P, As, Sb, Bi) of the Group V elements and a variety of Zintl anions are even double spherical aromatic and obey the 2(N+1)<sup>2</sup> rule, since both their σ and π shells are completely filled. This is reflected by a pronounced diatropic character.
AVES (2011)

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Adverse effects of low dose methotrexate therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. (1993)

In our survey the risk of treatment termination was 75% in patients with RA taking MTX after 60 months. An adverse drug effect is a more common reason for treatment termination (53%), compared to loss/lack of beneficial effect (22%) or other reasons (16%) or lost to followup (9%). Increasing age is associated with an increased risk of treatment termination associated with a major toxicity.
Treatment of psoriasis with topically applied tretinoin and steroid ointment (1975)

The sequential application of tretinoin and a corticosteroid ointment was considerably more effective in the treatment of plaque-type psoriasis than either drug alone in a pilot study. The best results were obtained with 0.3% tretinoin followed by a potent corticosteroid ointment. Combined therapy was particularly efficacious in steroid-resistant psoriasis, including that on the palms, elbows, and knees. Irritancy from the high-strength tretinoin was a potentially troublesome sideeffect. Care must be taken to avoid drug contact on areas that are easily irritated.
Enantiomeric 3,7‐Dimethylocta‐1,7‐dienes as Useful Chiral Building Blocks. A New Access to Both Optical Antipodes of Natural (<i>E</i>)‐3,7‐Dimethyloct‐2‐ene‐1,8‐diol and (<i>E</i>)‐3,7‐Dimethyloct‐2‐ene‐1,8‐dicarboxylic Acid (1990)

Abstract Ozonolysis of the easily available monoterpenoids (−)‐ 1 and (+)‐ 1 leads in high yield to the ketoaldehydes (−)‐ 4 and (+)‐ 4 , which serve as convenient intermediates for efficient new routes to both optical antipodes of the naturally occurring octenediol ( E )‐ 2 ( Monarch butterfly secretion product) and octene‐dicarboxylic acid ( E )‐ 3 ( Callosobruchus chinensis sex pheromone ). All steps proceed with almost complete retention of configuration, ensuring the synthesis of the target compounds with high optical purity.
Cell Surface-expressed Phosphatidylserine and Annexin A5 Open a Novel Portal of Cell Entry (2004)

Expression of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) at the cell surface is part of the membrane dynamics of apoptosis. Expressed phosphatidylserine functions as an "eat me" flag toward phagocytes. Here, we report that the expressed phosphatidylserine forms part of a hitherto undescribed pinocytic pathway. Annexin A5, a phosphatidylserine-binding protein, binds to and polymerizes through protein-protein interactions on membrane patches expressing phosphatidylserine. The two-dimensional protein network of annexin A5 at the surface prevents apoptotic body formation without interfering with the progression of apoptosis as demonstrated by activation of caspase-3, PtdSer exposure, and DNA fragmentation. The annexin A5 protein network bends the membrane patch nanomechanically into the cell and elicits budding, endocytic vesicle formation, and cytoskeleton-dependent trafficking of the endocytic vesicle. Annexin A1, which binds to PtdSer without forming a two-dimensional protein network, does not induce the formation of endocytic vesicles. This novel pinocytic pathway differs from macropinocytosis, which is preceded by membrane ruffling and actin polymerization. We clearly showed that actin polymerization is not involved in budding and endocytic vesicle formation but is required for intracellular trafficking. The phosphatidylserine-annexin A5-mediated pinocytic pathway is not restricted to cells in apoptosis. We demonstrated that living tumor cells can take up substances through this novel portal of cell entry. This opens new avenues for targeted drug delivery and cell entry.
Requirements of the Engineered Leader Peptide of Nisin for Inducing Modification, Export, and Cleavage (2010)

Nisin A is a pentacyclic peptide antibiotic produced by Lactococcus lactis. The leader peptide of prenisin keeps nisin inactive and has a role in inducing NisB- and NisC-catalyzed modifications of the propeptide and NisT-mediated export. The highly specific NisP cleaves off the leader peptide from fully modified and exported prenisin. We present here a detailed mutagenesis analysis of the nisin leader peptide. For alternative cleavage, we successfully introduced a putative NisP autocleavage site and sites for thrombin, enterokinase, Glu-C, and factor Xa in the C-terminal part of the leader peptide. Replacing residue F-18 with Trp or Thr strongly reduced production. On the other hand, D-19A, F-18H, F-18M, L-16D, L-16K, and L-16A enhanced production. Substitutions within and outside the FNLD box enhanced or reduced the transport efficiency. None of the above substitutions nor even an internal 6His tag from positions -13 to -8 had any effect on the capacity of the leader peptide to induce NisB and NisC modifications. Therefore, these data demonstrate a large mutational freedom. However, simultaneous replacement of the FNLD amino acids by four alanines strongly reduced export and even led to a complete loss of the capacity to induce modifications. Reducing the leader peptide to MSTKDFNLDLR led to 3- or 4-fold dehydration. Taken together, the FNLD box is crucial for inducing posttranslational modifications.
Complexation of Calcium by alpha-Isosaccharinic Acid under Alkaline Conditions. (1999)

The complexation of Ca<sup>2+</sup> by α-isosaccharinic acid (α-ISA) was determined by measuring the solubility of Ca(α-ISA)<sub>2</sub> as a function of pH. In the pH range between 12 and 12.8, the observed increase of the total concentration of Ca in solution with increasing pH is explained by the complexation reaction:<br /><br /> Ca<sup>2+</sup> + α-ISA<sup>–</sup> ⇋ Ca(α-ISA<sub>–H</sub>)<sup>0</sup> + H<sup>+</sup><br /><br /> with log <em>K</em>°<sub>CaISA<sup>0</sup></sub> = –10.4 (<em>s</em> = 0.2) at I = 0. In addition to this complexation reaction, another complex is postulated:<br /><br /> Ca<sup>2+</sup> + α-ISA<sup>–</sup> ⇋ Ca(α-ISA)<sup>+</sup><br /><br /> with log <em>K</em>°<sub>CaISA</sub><sup><sub>+</sub></sup>= 1.70. A value for the solubility product of Ca(α-ISA)<sub>2</sub> is calculated: log K°<sub>sol</sub> = –6.36 (<em>s</em> = 0.1) at <em>I</em> = 0.
The Design of Cascaded ADCs (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction System Design Analysis of Specific Cascaded Architectures Circuit Topologies for Third-Order (1-1-1) Cascade Sources of Error for the Third-Order (1-1-1) Cascade Experimental Results for the Third-Order (1-1-1) Cascade Continuous-Time Cascaded ?> ?> Modulators Conclusion This chapter contains sections titled: References
Spatial dependence of particle light scattering in an rf silane discharge (1985)

A capacitively coupled, rf glow discharge of silane in argon was studied to determine the spatial dependence of particle light scattering. Light scattering from a pulsed laser at 500 nm shows sharp spatial peaks of scattered intensity near the electrodes. These scattering peaks are correlated with the plasma sheath edges because they exhibit spatial changes with discharge pressure characterized by a constant product of pressure and distance from the electrode. Light scattering at various silane mole fractions and gas flow rates is compatible with concepts of particle growth in sharp spatial zones near the plasma sheaths.
A limited temporal window for the derivation of multilineage repopulating hematopoietic progenitors during embryonal stem cell differentiation in vitro (1996)

Embryonal stem cells have been shown to differentiate in vitro into all hematopoietic lineages. This has been used successfully as one approach to the study of genetic events occurring during haematopoiesis. However, studies on the commitment of mesodermal precursors to the hematopoietic lineage have been limited due to the inability to define a system in which embryonal stem (ES) cells will give rise to primitive hematopoietic stem cells in vitro. Using a colony forming assay (CFU- A), we determined that the earliest time point at which primitive multilineage hematopoietic precursors can be detected during ES cell differentiation in vitro in the absence of exogenous conditioned medium or stromal cell culture is 4 days. Lethally irradiated adult recipient mice that received differentiated ES cells from this time point survived for more than 3 weeks; and in two out three experiments, peripheral blood from these animals contained ES-derived progeny. Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) found ES-derived CD45+ hematopoietic cells in both lymphoid and myeloid compartments at 12 weeks posttransplantation, suggesting that the population of day 4 differentiated ES cells contains primitive hematopoietic precursors. A preliminary RT-PCR analysis of gene expression around this time point suggests that there are very few hematopoietic cells present. This approach should prove useful in studies of genetic control of commitment to and maintenance of hematopoietic lineages in vitro and in vivo.
Rapid access system for optical and magneto-optical disc storage (1986)

The high density capabilities of optic and magneto-optic data storage have led to their consideration for use in computer memory applications. In order to be competitive with the magnetic recording products that are the standard of the non-volatile computer memory industry, rapid, random access of the optically stored data is necessary. A system for rapidly accessing optical or magneto-optical discs using modified versions of current commercially available technology has been developed. The system incorporates a two- stage system for both seeks and track following, producing 45ms average seeks, 0.7ms single track seeks, and accurate tracking. The system is designed with the flexibility to allow testing and evaluation of any suitable optical or magneto-optical head design. The design, construction, and performance of the system with one particular optical head design is described.
SAR and LC/MS Studies of β-Lactamic Inhibitors of Human Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (<i>h</i>FAAH): Evidence of a Nonhydrolytic Process (2011)

The endocannabinoid hydrolyzing enzyme FAAH uses a nonclassical catalytic triad (namely, Ser-Ser-Lys instead of Ser-Asp-His) to cleave its endogenous substrates. Because inhibiting FAAH has a clear therapeutic potential, we previously developed β-lactam-type inhibitors of hFAAH. Here, we report the synthesis of five novel derivatives (5-9) of our lead compound 1-(pent-4-enoyl)-3(S)-[1(R)-(4-phenylbutanoyloxy)-ethyl]-azetidin-2-one (4, IC(50) = 5 nM) obtained via the systematic replacement of one to three carbonyls by methylene groups. The SAR results showed that the imide, but not the lactam, function is essential to the inhibition of hFAAH. We also performed LC/MS analysis following incubation of our inhibitors with hFAAH or mouse liver. We demonstrated that hFAAH interacts with these β-lactam-type inhibitors but, unexpectedly, does not open the β-lactam moiety. This mechanism seems to be unique to FAAH because the β-lactam function of the inhibitors is hydrolyzed when they are incubated in the presence of the serine hydrolases expressed in the mouse liver. Finally, we confirmed these results by showing that a highly selective FAAH inhibitor (PF-750) does not prevent this hydrolysis by liver homogenates.
Attitude stabilization of a VTOL quadrotor aircraft (2006)

In this paper, we propose a new quaternion-based feedback control scheme for exponential attitude stabilization of a four-rotor vertical takeoff and landing aerial robot known as a quadrotor aircraft. The proposed controller is based upon the compensation of the Coriolis and gyroscopic torques and the use of a PD/sup 2/ feedback structure, where the proportional action is in terms of the vector quaternion and the two derivative actions are in terms of the airframe angular velocity and the vector quaternion velocity. We also show that the model-independent PD controller, where the proportional action is in terms of the vector-quaternion and the derivative action is in terms of the airframe angular velocity, without compensation of the Coriolis and gyroscopic torques, provides asymptotic stability for our problem. The proposed controller as well as some other controllers have been tested experimentally on a small-scale quadrotor aircraft.