gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of EDF Scheduling in a Multi-Priority Preemptive M/G/1 Queue (2013)

This paper presents a queueing theoretic performance model for a multipriority preemptive M/G/1/./EDF system. Existing models on EDF scheduling consider them to be M/M/1 queues or nonpreemptive M/G/1 queues. The proposed model approximates the mean waiting time for a given class based on the higher and lower priority tasks receiving service prior to the target and the mean residual service time experienced. Additional time caused by preemptions is estimated as part of mean request completion time for a given class and as part of the mean delay experienced due to jobs in execution, on an arrival. The model is evaluated analytically and by simulation. Results confirm its accuracy, with the difference being a factor of two on average in high loads. Comparisons with other algorithms (such as First-Come-First-Served, Round-Robin and Nonpreemptive Priority Ordered) reveal that EDF achieves a better balance among priority classes where high priority requests are favored while preventing lower priority requests from overstarvation. EDF achieves best waiting times for higher priorities in lower to moderate loads (0.2-0.6) and while only being 6.5 times more than static priority algorithms in high loads (0.9). However, for the lowest priority classes, it achieves comparable waiting times to Round-Robin and First-Come-First-Served in low to moderate loads and achieves waiting times only twice the amount of Round-Robin in high system loads.
Dissociation of Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Cell Cycle Progression by Drugs Employed in Cell Synchronization (1995)

We have studied the effect of the cell synchronization agents compactin, ciclopirox olamine, mimosine, aphidicolin, ALLN, and colcemid on several parameters of cell cycle progression in mitotically synchronized HeLa S3 cells. Using cell size and cyclin A and B levels as markers of cytoplasmic progression and DNA content as a measure of nuclear cell cycle position, we have examined coordination of cytoplasmic and nuclear events during induction synchrony. Each synchronizing agent was unique in its effect on the coordination of the cytoplasmic and nuclear cycle. Mimosine, aphidicolin, ALLN, and colcemid disrupted cell cycle integration while compactin and ciclopirox olamine did not. Continued net cell growth during cell cycle arrest was the most dramatic in aphidicolin-treated cells, which averaged a 60% increase in size. Mimosine, ALLN, and colcemid produced an increase in cell size of approximately 25%, and ciclopyrox olamine and compactin exerted a negligible effect. Cyclin A and B were found at mitotic (high) or G1 (low) levels, or in combination of high and low concentrations not correlated with DNA content in drug-treated cells. For example, treatment with mimosine, which arrests cells in G1 with 2C DNA, resulted in cyclin A accumulating to mitotic levels, whereas cyclin B remained at a low concentration, the first time this phenomenon has been observed. These results demonstrate that populations of synchronized cells obtained by different drug treatments are blocked at biochemically distinct cell cycle points not apparent by cytometric measurement of DNA content. Our results provide conclusive evidence that induced synchrony methods differ with respect to their impact on cell cycle organization and from the pattern seen with nonperturbing cell selection methods.
Tunable external cavity diode laser that incorporates a polarization half-wave plate (1992)

The threshold current and specttal properties of a grating tuned external cavity semiconductor laser are improved by utilizing an intracavity half-wave plate to optimize the grating feedback.
Foreign Policy of the United States (1923)

Research Article| February 01 1923 Foreign Policy of the United States Current History (1923) 17 (5): 837–845. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1923.17.5.837 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Foreign Policy of the United States. Current History 1 February 1923; 17 (5): 837–845. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1923.17.5.837 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1923 by The Regents of the University of California1923 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Customer Care in Service Organisations (1988)

The quality of service and customer care in the context of the marketing of services are considered. The focus is on distinguishing characteristics of services, definitions of service quality and the use of consumer research to assess expectations of and satisfactions with service quality — providing examples from a variety of organisations. Particular attention is given to the interpersonal interactions between contact personnel in service companies and customers, and the need for internal marketing, a consumer orientation, and the consequent provision of customer care, with reference to a number of examples in the tourism and financial service sectors.
Identification of denitrifier strain T1 as Thauera aromatica and proposal for emendation of the genus Thauera definition (1998)

Bacterial strain, T1, originally isolated by P.J. Evans on the basis of its capacity for toluene degradation under denitrifying conditions, has been classified as Thauera aromatica. In a comprehensive study of strains of this species, it was found that the cells have a different type of flagellar insertion from that of cells of the type species of the genus, Thauera selenatis, suggesting the convenience of an emendation of the description of the genus Thauera. Further studies on a larger collection of strains with the above characteristics may serve in the future as the basis for the creation of a new generic designation.
Molecular genetic alterations as potential prognostic indicators in colorectal carcinoma (1992)

The molecular genetic alterations in colorectal carcinoma are among the best understood of any common human cancer. Identified abnormalities include both dominant-acting oncogenes (ras, myc, src) and suppressor genes which undergo inactivation or deletion (deleted in colorectal carcinoma gene [DCC], p53, adenomatous polyposis coli gene [APC], and probably loci on chromosomes 1p and 22q). Accumulation of multiple abnormalities is evident in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence with a preferential order, and alteration of DNA methylation is an especially early event. Identification of molecular genetic markers useful for classification and staging of colorectal carcinoma is in its infancy. Deletion of the p53 gene on chromosome 17p, deletion of the DCC gene on 18q, and high fractional allelic loss (fraction of evaluable nonacrocentric autosomal arms with deletion) have been associated with distant metastases and with poorer prognosis in patients without initial evidence of disseminated disease. Additional studies are needed to determine the possible role of these alterations in clinical management.
Software-synchronized all-optical sampling (2004)

A software-synchronized all-optical sampling system requiring no clock-recovery is demonstrated experimentally for the first time. The synchronization algorithm is bit rate and modulation format independent and very robust towards severe signal degradations.
A catastrophic error mode in adaptive predictive DIR equalisation of dynamic channels (2002)

The use of a linear equaliser to shorten the impulse response of a channel to a shorter desired impulse response (DIR) prior to a Viterbi algorithm (VA) detection of the data is a well-known technique. Also OFDM systems often require channel truncation. It has previously been shown that for dynamic channels it is beneficial to operate a number of equalisers in parallel, each targeted on a different DIR. Each equaliser is followed by an individual VA. A simple decision rule is used to select which of the VA outputs is presented as the actual decision. We refer to this strategy as switched DIR equalisation. A catastrophic error mode is observed in the operation of adaptive DIR systems in slowly varying channels. This error mode causes the equaliser to become severely maladjusted. The system cannot spontaneously recover from this situation. This paper reviews the switched DIR equalisation system and explains the mechanism underlying the error mode in the adaptive DIR system. Simulation results are presented that indicate the efficacy of the dual switched DIR MLSE-VA to operate successfully in comparison to adaptive DIR MLSE-VA systems in time varying frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels.
Coupled High Power Waveguide Laser Research. (1985)

The United Technologies Research Center (UTRC) conducted a research program to explore a unique ridged waveguide technique to phase-lock an array of coupled CO2 waveguide lasers. The motivation for this investigation was scale the output power capability of CO2 waveguide lasers by one to two orders of magnitude greatee than the present state-of-the-art (i.e., scale to power levels of 100 W to 1kW) while maintaining single frequency operation. A one year program was conducted to test the feasibility of the ridged waveguide coupling technique. The feasibility study clearly produced positive results. In particular, stable phase-locked operation of two and three-channel arrays was demonstrated at the 50 W level. Phase-locking was maintained in a laboratory environment for many hours without adjustments other than length tuning of the laser. In adition, a first-order theory was developed to strengthen the understanding of the coupled waveguide laser array. (Author)
Subjective Investigations of Inverse Filtering (2004)

Inverse filtering is the concept that one can “undo” the filtering caused by a system such as a loudspeaker or room. This approach strives to correct both the magnitude and the phase of the system. Inverse filtering has been proposed for numerous applications in audio and telecommunications, such as loud speaker equalization, virtual source creation, and room deconvolution. When inverting the impulse response (IR), undesired audible artifacts may be produced. The severity of these artifacts is affected by the characteristics of the IR of the system, and the method used to compute the inverse filter. When the IR is nonminimum phase, the artifacts tend to be more severe and become distinctly audible. The artifacts produced by the inverse-filtering process can actually degrade the overall signal quality rather than improve it. Formal subjective tests were conducted to investigate and highlight potential limitations associated with several inverse-filtering techniques. Time-domain and frequencydomain methods were implemented, along with several types of regularization and complex smoothing to help reduce the level of audible artifacts. The results of the subjective tests show that the various inverse-filtering techniques can sometimes improve the subjective quality and in other cases degrade the audio quality.
High-speed and low-drive-voltage MQW EA-modulator integrated DFB laser with semi-insulating BH structure (2005)

EA-modulator integrated DFB lasers have become one of the key devices in multigigabit long-distance lightwave communications. [1, 2] Recently, a new method of integrating photonic devices has been proposed, using the in-plane local bandgap energy control of the MQW structures during simultaneous selective area growth (SAG) by MOCVD. [3, 4] This technique offers a high optical coupling efficiency as well as reproducible fabrication, which are essential in such optical integrated devices. This paper describes an MQW EA-modulator integrated with a DFB laser, fabricated by SAG and a semi-insulating BH process, aimed at a high on/off ratio and high-speed operation.
Pectin binding proteins: characterization of the binding and comparison with heparin (1996)

A small number of pectin binding proteins were obtained by passing soluble proteins from Cucurbita pepo L. hypocotyls through a column containing polygalacturonic acid (PGA) entrapped within polyacrylamide gel. These proteins were bound significantly to the gel only in the presence of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and could be eluted with NaCL Two of these proteins were apparently immunologically related to human vitronectin. A comparison with heparinagarose showed that the animal glycosaminoglycan retained the same proteins than Ca<sup>2+</sup> -PGA/polyacrylamide. In order to understand how these proteins interacted with the anionic polysaccharides, the binding to Ca<sup>2+</sup> -PGA of anionic and cationic isoperoxidases (EC 1.11.1.7), belonging to the set of pectin binding proteins, was measured in the presence of various additions. For this purpose, we used a binding test based on the co-sedimentation of peroxidases and Ca<sup>2+</sup> -PGA gel upon centrifugation. The linkage between peroxidases and Ca<sup>2+</sup> -PGA was broken by increasing the ionic strength with NaCl or by adding various cationic polyamino acids. To be inhibitory, polycations must be long enough and have a defined conformation. Chitosan was ineffective. Active polycations did not break the Ca<sup>2+</sup> -induced polymerization of PGA, but competed with the proteins for the binding to PGA molecules in their Ca<sup>2+</sup> -mediated conformation. Experiments with the protein modifiers sulfo-NHS-acetate and phenylglyoxal showed that the amino acids lysine and arginine were involved in the binding mechanism, even in the case of the anionic isoperoxidase. It may be envisaged that this binding mechanism could allow some extracellular enzymes or proteins to be properly distributed within the extracellular matrix, in order to exert their catalytic functions on selected sites.
Platinum(II)−Dendrimer Conjugates: Synthesis and Investigations on Cytotoxicity, Cellular Distribution, Platinum Release, DNA, and Protein Binding (2010)

A set of polyamidoamine dendrimers were modified in such a way that they are able to act as carrier and drug delivery systems for cytostatics. The terminal binding of the non-proteinogenic D,L-2,3-diaminopropionic acid allowed the attachment of the cytotoxic PtX(2) moiety (X = Cl, I: A(PtI(2))(2), A(PtCl(2))(2), B(PtI(2))(2), B(PtCl(2))(2)), while the 2-carboxypentanedioic acid acted as leaving group for [meso-1,2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)ethylenediamine]platinum(II) ((m-4F-Pt)(3)C, (m-4F-Pt)(3)D). Poly(ethylene glycol) chains at C(PtI(2))(3) and C(PtCl(2))(3) as well as (m-4F-Pt)(3)C and (m-4F-Pt)(3)D mediated sufficient water solubility. Additional dansyl residues (B(PtI(2))(2) and (m-4F-Pt)(3)D) made a simultaneous determination of platinum (graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GF-AAS)) and dendrimer (fluorimetry) possible. The ethylenediamine-terminated dendrimers were typically accumulated into MCF-7 cells in clathrin-dependent pathways and targeted the platinum moieties to the nuclear compartment. The highest intracellular platinum concentration and DNA binding caused the dendrimers A(PtX(2))(2) and B(PtX(2))(2). A coordinative DNA binding, however, is very unlikely because of low cytotoxic effects. (m-4F-Pt)(3)C and (m-4F-Pt)(3)D are labile conjugates and liberated the m-4F-Pt moiety in biological systems. The effects of these dendrimers were similar to that of the reference compounds m-4F-PtCl(2) and m-4F-Pt(H(2)O)(2).
Optimization of Tailoring of CuO<i><sub>x</sub></i> Species of Silica Alumina Supported Catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO<i><sub>x</sub></i> (2003)

A series of CuOx catalysts dispersed on SiO2−Al2O3 support with a copper content from 0.2 to 12 wt % corresponding to 0.04−3.7 atomCu nm-2 was prepared by chemisorption-hydrolysis method from copper solutions. The catalysts were characterized in their bulk (XRD, redox cycles with H2 and O2) and surface (N2 adsorption, SEM, XPS, and DRS) properties. Copper species were found to be uniformly spread on the SiO2−Al2O3 support as small aggregates both in the low and high copper loaded samples. Spectroscopic evidence agrees with Cu2+ presence in an axially distorted octahedral environment of O-containing ligands. At high copper loading, the existence of copper centers in closer interaction occurred forming structures of oxocations-like type. Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) experiments confirmed the presence of dispersed copper species which underwent complete reduction. Comparing the position and shape of two successive TPR profiles, carried out interposing an oxidation run (temperature programmed oxidation), it was found that the smallest CuOx centers (<1 atomCu nm-2) are characterized by low stability and high mobility. Increasing the copper content diminished the mobility of the CuOx species, as larger CuOx aggregates were formed. The selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ethene in the presence of excess oxygen was studied in a flow apparatus at fixed reactant concentration (1500 ppm of NOx and C2H4 and 15000 ppm of O2) and contact time (8 g s mmol-1), with an online FT-IR analytical device. Catalysts containing up to about 1 atomCu nm-2 displayed very little activity, while catalysts with higher copper content were active and selective. Maximum activity was associated with samples containing 1.5−2 atomCu nm-2, while samples with higher copper concentration were less active. Results point to the need to individuate relationships between structure and catalyst properties and activity to optimize the preparation of suitable tailored copper-containing catalysts.
The First Highly Enantioselective Homogeneously Catalyzed Asymmetric Reductive Amination:  Synthesis of α-<i>N</i>-Benzylamino Acids (2003)

High-throughput screening considering a library of 96 chiral P-ligands involved in two types of Rh(I) complexes was used for the identification of homogeneous catalysts for the highly enantioselective reductive amination of alpha-keto acids with benzylamine. After optimization of the reaction conditions and scale-up with a cationic Rh-Deguphos catalyst, a range of chiral alpha-amino acids could be produced by this new reaction in good yield and by up to 98% ee.
A new core‐biopsy instrument with an end‐cut technique provides prostate biopsies with increased tissue yield (2002)

The end-cut instrument provided a greater tissue yield than the side-notch needle, but a significant number of biopsies were lost.
Interferometric Optical Isolator with TiO<sub>2</sub>/Magnetic Garnet Waveguide Operated in Unidirectional Magnetic Field (2006)

An optical isolator with a TiO2/magnetic garnet waveguide obtained using a nonreciprocal phase shift was studied. The optical isolator can be operated in a unidirectional magnetic field owing to an interferometer with distinct layer structures.
Extraction of height information from target shadow for applications in ATC (2003)

Physical attributes, e.g. length and width of a target can be extracted from its radar signature for target characterization. However, an additional dimension, i.e. height can provide value added information to distinguish between targets, e.g. between tanks and APCs, which may have similar lengths and widths and which exhibit similar intensity characteristics. For a non-interferometric data collection system, the height of a target can be accurately extracted from its shadow at low grazing angles, fine resolution and a cluttered background.
Leukotriene B4 is measurable in serum of smokers and nonsmokers. (1989)

Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), an arachidonic acid metabolite released by neutrophils and macrophages, helps regulate host immune response to antigenic stimulation. LTB4 affects the chemokinesis, aggregation, and enzyme release of neutrophils and stimulates activity of cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, and suppressor T cells. LTB4 also has a positive affect on the margination of monocytes and macrophages in the lung in response to inflammatory stimuli. Cigarette smoking represents an inflammatory stimulus in the lung and affects (decreases) the in vitro release of LTB4 by alveolar, macrophages in comparison with that by alveolar macrophages of nonsmokers. By utilizing a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay we have detected LTB4 concentrations in serum from smokers and nonsmokers. Furthermore, our preliminary data show mean LTB4 concentrations in the serum of smokers to be nearly 60-fold greater than those in nonsmokers, 211 (SEM 35) vs 3.6 (SEM 1.5). Because systemic quantities of LTB4 are now measurable, quantification of this immune system regulatory may be useful in evaluating inflammatory disease states.
Coherent terahertz emission from ferromagnetic films excited by femtosecond laser pulses (2004)

It is shown that the laser induced ultrafast demagnetization of ferromagnetic films results in the emission of a terahertz electromagnetic pulse. This emission has been detected from Ni films using free-space electro-optic sampling. The radiated electric field E(t) is explained by Maxwell equations (radiation from a time dependent magnetic dipole), and is expected to be proportional to the second time derivative of the magnetization d2M/dt2, as measured in the far field. This technique opens appealing perspectives in the context of measuring and understanding the ultrafast spin dynamics as well as the interaction of electrons (both charge and spin) with electromagnetic fields.
Secondary structure as primary determinant of the efficiency of ribosomal binding sites in<i>Escherichia coli</i> (1986)

Using a previously described vector (pKL203) we fused several heterologous ribosomal binding sites (RBSs) to the lacZ gene of E. coli and then studied the variation in expression of the fusions. The RBSs originated from bacteriophage Q beta and MS2 genes and the E. coli genes for elongation factor EF-Tu A and B and ribosomal protein L11 (rplK). The synthesis of the lacZ fusion proteins was measured by an immuno precipitation method and found to vary at least 100-fold. Lac-specific mRNA synthesis follows the variation in protein production. It appears that there is a correlation between the efficiency of an RBS to function in the expression of the fused gene and the lack of secondary structure, involving the Shine and Dalgarno nucleotides (SDnts) and/or the initiation codon. This efficiency is context dependent. The sequence of the SD nts and the length and sequence of the spacer region up to the initiation codon alone are not able to explain our results. Deletion mutations, created in the phage Q beta replicase RBS, reveal a complex pattern of control of expression, probably involving the use of a "false" initiation site.
Involvement of 4-1BB (CD137)−4-1BBligand interaction in the modulation of CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory colitis (2005)

4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) expressed on antigen-presenting cells interacts with 4-1BB on activated T cells (especially CD8+ cells) and co-stimulates the latter to secrete cytokines and to proliferate. The role of 4-1BB-4-1BBL interaction was studied here in a model of colitis based on naive CD4+ T cell transfer to SCID mice, a disease model in which CD8 cells do not take part. We found that CD4+ T cells from 4-1BB-deficient mice, after transfer in SCID mice, proliferated more rapidly compared to wild-type CD4+ T cells. Mice reconstituted with naive CD4+ T cells from 4-1BB-deficient mice developed colitis, however, with a mixed Th1/Th2 response, in contrast to the Th1-type response in mice reconstituted with wild-type naive CD4+ T cells. Importantly, this altered cytokine response did not temper colitis severity. Although it has been reported previously that 4-1BB co-stimulation may contribute to regulatory T cell functioning, we found that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells from 4-1BB-deficient mice were perfectly able to prevent naive CD4+ T cell-induced colitis. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that 4-1BB-4-1BBL interaction modulates the effector CD4+ T cell-driven immune response and cytokine production in experimental colitis without affecting regulatory T cell function.