gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proposal of Smart Storage for Ubiquitous Power Grid (2010)

Penetrating large amount of renewable energy sources into power system, battery energy storage performs an important role for smoothing their natural intermittency, ensuring grid-wide frequency stability, and suppressing voltage rise caused by reverse power flow. The ubiquitous power grid concept has been proposed as a smart grid in Japanese context, where the total battery capacity can be optimized by coordinating renewable energy sources, controllable distributed generators, and controllable loads on demand side, for example, heat pump based water heater with heat storage, and plug-in hybrid vehicle or electric vehicle with onboard battery, and so on. In this paper, we propose an autonomous distributed vehicle-to-grid (V2G) control scheme. The proposed V2G control has droop characteristics against power system frequency measurement at 200/100V plug-in terminal, and battery state-of-charge (SOC) is balanced within designable range by restraining V2G gain according to estimated SOC. Of course, the convenience for vehicle user is considered by V1G charge, which is one-way charging control for plug-out. Self terminal frequency measurement algorithm, model based battery SOC estimation method, and the proposed autonomous distributed V2G control are implemented to automotive power electronics circuit and electric control unit. These concepts are summarized as Smart Storage in ubiquitous power grid applications.
A compact highpass filter with broad passband (2010)

A highpass filter is designed, which is based on shorting stubs in cascade. The design considerations for broad passband and compactness are presented, together with simulated and tested results. Tested results show that the sample filter has a passband from 3 to 12.75GHz, with an insertion loss less than 1dB and a rejection of 60dB for frequencies lower than 2.4GHz. Further work to improve the return loss is also discussed.
Test–retest reliability of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire (2015)

Thus, the present study suggests that the DSQ is a reliable diagnostic measure that can provide a standardized way of examining illness constructs and symptomatology among patients who identify as having ME/CFS, ME and/or CFS.
Synthetic Refrigeration Oils - Humidity Related Difficulties and Solutions (1996)

New lubricants have been developed to meet the performance demands of modem refrigerants and system components.A brief review of current refrigeration oil developments is presented.It is well known that the new lubricants used with polar refrigerants tend to absorb water.The ester hydrolysis process and the effect on the essential lubricant properties are described.The effect of increased water content on compressor performance is outlined and a test method to determine the hydrolytic stability of ester lubricants is presented.Polyglycol (P AG) lubricants are also discussed.Possible system problems associated with the hygroscopic nature of these lubricants are outlined.Rechargeable container systems for filling compressors under exclusion of air, special oil dehydration techniques and innovative new lubricant developments are presented.
An ASIC methodology for mixed analog-digital simulation (1990)

A practical approach to high-speed, mixed, analog-digital simulation is described. The system, known as the Analog Modeling Package (AMP), comprises a range of models, Laplace transform algorithms, and supporting programs. AMP not only supports the analog modeling process, but also enables analog models to be simulated on any digital simulator that supports a C or Pascal model interface. Each of these key elements is detailed. The strengths of AMP are speed and a systematic method. User benefits include running the resulting models on existing workstations through the novel analog model linker.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Membrane Type-1 Matrix Metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) Exhibits an Important Intracellular Cleavage Function and Causes Chromosome Instability (2005)

Elevated expression of membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is closely associated with malignancies. There is a consensus among scientists that cell surface-associated MT1-MMP is a key player in pericellular proteolytic events. Now we have identified an intracellular, hitherto unknown, function of MT1-MMP. We demonstrated that MT1-MMP is trafficked along the tubulin cytoskeleton. A fraction of cellular MT1-MMP accumulates in the centrosomal compartment. MT1-MMP targets an integral centrosomal protein, pericentrin. Pericentrin is known to be essential to the normal functioning of centrosomes and to mitotic spindle formation. Expression of MT1-MMP stimulates mitotic spindle aberrations and aneuploidy in non-malignant cells. Volumes of data indicate that chromosome instability is an early event of carcinogenesis. In agreement, the presence of MT1-MMP activity correlates with degraded pericentrin in tumor biopsies, whereas normal tissues exhibit intact pericentrin. We believe that our data show a novel proteolytic pathway to chromatin instability and elucidate the close association of MT1-MMP with malignant transformation.
What is the functional/organic distinction actually doing in psychiatry and neurology? (2020)

The functional-organic distinction aims to distinguish symptoms, signs, and syndromes that can be explained by diagnosable biological changes, from those that cannot. The distinction is central to clinical practice and is a key organising principle in diagnostic systems. Following a pragmatist approach that examines meaning through use, we examine how the functional-organic distinction is deployed and conceptualised in psychiatry and neurology. We note that the conceptual scope of the terms 'functional' and 'organic' varies considerably by context. Techniques for differentially diagnosing 'functional' and 'organic' diverge in the strength of evidence they produce as a necessary function of the syndrome in question. Clinicians do not agree on the meaning of the terms and report using them strategically. The distinction often relies on an implied model of 'zero sum' causality and encourages classification of syndromes into discrete 'functional' and 'organic' versions. Although this clearly applies in some instances, this is often in contrast to our best scientific understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders as arising from a dynamic interaction between personal, social and neuropathological factors. We also note 'functional' and 'organic' have loaded social meanings, creating the potential for social disempowerment. Given this, we argue for a better understanding of how strategic simplification and complex scientific reality limit each other in neuropsychiatric thinking. We also note that the contribution of people who experience the interaction between 'functional' and 'organic' factors has rarely informed the validity of this distinction and the dilemmas arising from it, and we highlight this as a research priority.
Adaptive instant record signals applied to detection with time reversal operator decomposition (2005)

Time reversal arrays are becoming common tools whether for detection or tomography. These applications require the measurement of the response from the array to one or several receivers. The most natural way to record the impulse responses for several sources is to generate pulses successively from each emitting point and record simultaneously the signals from the receivers. However, this method is very time consuming or inefficient in terms of signal-to-noise ratio. To overcome this limitation quasi-orthogonal pseudonoise signals like Kasami sequences can be used. For guided wave propagation, a very high degree of orthogonality between the signal is necessary to allow an accurate measure of the whole multipath structure of the transfer function. Hence, in this work, we propose a new family of pseudo-orthogonal signals that is adapted to the environment and more specifically, to highly dispersive media. These adaptive instant records signals are used experimentally to detect targets using the time reversal operator decomposition method. The accuracy of the 15 x 15 transfer functions acquired simultaneously, and therefore the detection capability, are demonstrated in an experimental ultrasonic waveguide as a small-scale model of shallow water propagation including bottom absorption and reverberation.
The Human Desmin Promoter Drives Robust Gene Expression for Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell-Mediated Gene Therapy (2014)

Lentiviral vectors (LVs) represent suitable candidates to mediate gene therapy for muscular dystrophies as they infect dividing and non-dividing cells and integrate their genetic material into the host genome, thereby theoretically mediating longterm expression. We evaluated the ability of LVs where a GFP reporter gene was under the control of five different promoters, to transduce and mediate expression in myogenic and non-myogenic cells in vitro and in skeletal muscle fibres and stem (satellite) cells in vivo. We further analysed lentivirally-transduced satellite cell-derived myoblasts following their transplantation into dystrophic, immunodeficient mouse muscles. The spleen focus-forming virus promoter mediated the highest gene expression in all cell types; the CBX3-HNRPA2B1 ubiquitously-acting chromatin opening element (UCOE) promoter was also active in all cells, whereas the human desmin promoter in isolation or fused with UCOE had lower activity in non-muscle cells. Surprisingly, the human skeletal muscle actin promoter was also active in immune cells. The human desmin promoter mediated robust, persistent reporter gene expression in myogenic cells in vitro, and satellite cells and muscle fibres in vivo. The human desmin promoter combined with UCOE did not significantly increase transgene expression. Therefore, our data indicate that the desmin promoter is suitable for the development of therapeutic purposes.
Malaria parasite type 4 equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENT4) are purine transporters with distinct substrate specificity (2012)

Malaria, caused by Plasmodia parasites, affects hundreds of millions of people. As purine auxotrophs, Plasmodia use transporters to import host purines for subsequent metabolism by the purine salvage pathway. Thus purine transporters are attractive drug targets. All sequenced Plasmodia genomes encode four ENTs (equilibrative nucleoside transporters). During the pathogenic intraerythrocytic stages, ENT1 is a major route of purine nucleoside/nucleobase transport. Another plasma membrane purine transporter exists because Plasmodium falciparum ENT1-knockout parasites survive at supraphysiological purine concentrations. The other three ENTs have not been characterized functionally. Codon-optimized Pf- (P. falciparum) and Pv- (Plasmodium vivax) ENT4 were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and substrate transport was determined with radiolabelled substrates. ENT4 transported adenine and 2'-deoxyadenosine at the highest rate, with millimolar-range apparent affinity. ENT4-expressing oocytes did not accumulate hypoxanthine, a key purine salvage pathway substrate, or AMP. Micromolar concentrations of the plant hormone cytokinin compounds inhibited both PfENT4 and PvENT4. In contrast with PfENT1, ENT4 interacted with the immucillin compounds in the millimolar range and was inhibited by 10 μM dipyridamole. Thus ENT4 is a purine transporter with unique substrate and inhibitor specificity. Its role in parasite physiology remains uncertain, but is likely to be significant because of the strong conservation of ENT4 homologues in Plasmodia genomes.
Engineering atomic Rydberg states with pulsed electric fields (2009)

Atoms in high-lying Rydberg states with large values of the principal quantum number n, n {ge} 300, form a valuable laboratory in which to explore the control and manipulation of quantum states of mesoscopic size using carefully tailored sequences of short electric field pulses whose characteristic times (duration and/or rise/fall times) are less than the classical electron orbital period. Atoms react to such pulse sequences very differently than to short laser or microwave pulses providing the foundation for a number of new approaches to engineering atomic wavefunctions. The remarkable level of control that can be achieved is illustrated with reference to the generation of localized wavepackets in Bohr-like near-circular orbits, and the production of non-dispersive wavepackets under periodic driving and their transport to targeted regions of phase space. The testing of these control schemes, together with their reversibility, through the creation of electric dipole echoes in Stark wavepackets, is also described. New protocols continue to be developed that will allow even tighter control with the promise of new insights into quantum-classical correspondence, information storage in mesoscopic systems, physics in the ultra-fast ultra-intense regime and nonlinear dynamics in driven systems.
Evolution et contrôle de la morphologie d'un mélange thermoplastique / thermodurcissable polymérisé sous cisaillement (2003)

Les mélanges de polymères, la modification et la combinaison de polymères existants représentent un secteur très actif de la recherche sur les polymères depuis ces dernières années. Cependant, il est nécessaire de bien comprendre les mécanismes de développement des morphologies de ces mélanges afin de produire des mélanges à propriétés spécifiques. Nous nous sommes intéressés au développement des morphologies d'un mélange réactif thermoplastique/thermodurcissable en statique (sans écoulement) et sous cisaillement (en écoulement). La matrice est un polymère thermoplastique (le polystyrène PS 1450N); dans laquelle est initialement soluble à haute température le prépolymère diépoxyde de type diglycidyl éther du bisphénol A (DGEBA) et la diamine 4,4' methylènebis(2,6 diéthylaniline) (MDEA). Nous avons montré que l'évolution du taux de conversion et de la température de transition vitreuse du mélange PS/DGEBA-MDEA (60/40) est indépendante du mode de suivi de la réaction de réticulation (statique ou dynamique). En revanche, les différences de morphologies sont nettes : particules sphériques de diamètre 3 ?m dans le premier cas, particules de forme irrégulière et de dimensions supérieures à 10 ?m dans le second cas. Les morphologies sont non seulement dépendantes du rapport de viscosité entre la matrice et la phase dispersée mais aussi de la gélification de la phase dispersée. Le processus classique de rupture/coalescence observé dans les mélanges de polymères immiscibles ne peut plus être appliqué à nos mélanges à partir d'une conversion critique. Forts de ces résultats, nous avons pu envisager l'amélioration des morphologies par l'utilisation de copolymères. Différents copolymères ont été étudiés. L'utilisation de copolymères à blocs miscibles avec le mélange et réactifs avec le réseau en formation nous a permis de diminuer considérablement, sous cisaillement, la taille des particules du mélange thermoplastique/thermodurcissable.
Model indexing: the graph-hashing approach (2003)

The problem of object recognition in computer vision is addressed. A method for model indexing, which, given a group of image features, rapidly extracts from the list of objects those objects containing this group of features, is presented. The method operates on an abstract representation of features, more precisely, groups of features. In practice, this abstract representation takes the form of a graph. The present study deals with binary graphs only, that is, only one feature-type and one feature-relationship-type can be embedded in the representation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Expression of the Lipopolysaccharide-Modifying Enzymes PagP and PagL Modulates the Endotoxic Activity of<i>Bordetella pertussis</i> (2006)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the major constituents of the gram-negative bacterial cell envelope. Its endotoxic activity causes the relatively high reactogenicity of whole-cell vaccines. Several bacteria harbor LPS-modifying enzymes that modulate the endotoxic activity of the LPS. Here we evaluated whether two such enzymes, i.e., PagP and PagL, could be useful tools for the development of an improved and less reactogenic whole-cell pertussis vaccine. We showed that expression of PagP and PagL in Bordetella pertussis leads to increased and decreased endotoxic activity of the LPS, respectively. As expected, PagP activity also resulted in increased endotoxic activity of whole bacterial cells. However, more unexpectedly, this was also the case for PagL. This paradoxical result may be explained, in part, by an increased release of LPS, which we observed in the PagL-expressing cells.
Diffusion‐weighted imaging of normal and malignant prostate tissue at 3.0T (2005)

DWI of the prostate at 3.0T in conjunction with a phased-array coil and parallel imaging allows ADC calculation of the prostate. ADC values were lower for tumors compared to normal-appearing PZ; however, there was considerable intersubject variability.
Direct Patterning of Robust One-Dimensional, Two-Dimensional, and Three-Dimensional Crystalline Metal Oxide Nanostructures Using Imprint Lithography and Nanoparticle Dispersion Inks (2017)

Dimensionally stable one-dimensional (1-D), two-dimensional (2-D), and three-dimensional (3-D) high aspect ratio crystalline metal oxide nanostructures are fabricated using soft nanoimprint lithography with inks comprised of nanoparticle (NP) dispersions in solvent or in sol–gel precursors for the metal oxide. Crystalline TiO2 and indium tin oxide (ITO) NP dispersions in solvent are imprinted using a solvent permeable patterned poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamp to yield robust crystalline nanostructures that are dimensionally stable to calcination (less than 8% linear shrinkage in imprinted feature heights upon heat treatment at 500 °C). Inks comprised of 80% crystalline NPs dispersed in 20% sol–gel binder are patterned using thermal- or UV-assisted imprinting with a PDMS stamp. The composition and physical properties of the dimensionally stable imprinted metal oxides (TiO2 and ITO) can be altered by varying the composition of the ink. Rapid printing of high aspect ratio nanostructures and sub-100 nm features are easily realized. Residual layer free, direct imprinting of isolated features is achieved by using an ink with the appropriate surface energy to ensure dewetting at the stamp–substrate interface. The technique is extended to create 3-D mesh nanostructures by deploying a simple layer-by-layer imprint strategy. TiO2 3-D mesh nanostructures are robust and mechanically stable to calcination at temperatures of 1000 °C, which results in an anatase to rutile transition. The direct fabrication of high quality dimensionally stable metal oxide nanostructures opens the door to solution based and roll-to-roll processing of robust and efficient inorganic electronic, optical, and energy generation and storage devices.
Soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) (1988)

A transformation technique is presented to minimize soil brightness influences from spectral vegetation indices involving red and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Graphically, the transformation involves a shifting of the origin of reflectance spectra plotted in NIR-red wavelength space to account for first-order soil-vegetation interactions and differential red and NIR flux extinction through vegetated canopies. For cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var DPI-70) and range grass (Eragrostics lehmanniana Nees) canopies, underlain with different soil backgrounds, the transformation nearly eliminated soil-induced variations in vegetation indices. A physical basis for the soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) is subsequently presented. The SAVI was found to be an important step toward the establishment of simple °lobal" that can describe dynamic soil-vegetation systems from remotely sensed data. © 1988.
Manipulation of endogenous adenosine affects seizure susceptibility (1993)

Abstract A 1 adenosine receptors in rat prepiriform cortex (PPC) play an important role in the inhibition of bicuculline methiodide (BMI)‐induced convulsions. In the present study, we evaluated the manipulation of endogenous adenosine in this brain area as a strategy to effect seizure suppression. All compounds evaluated were unilaterally microinjected into the PPC. Focal administration of 5′NH 2 5′dADO and dilazep were found to be highly efficacious as anticonvulsants with respective ED 50 values of 2.6±0.8, and 5.6±1.6 nmol. In contrast, 2′DCF was both less potent and less efficacious. These results suggest that accumulation of endogenous adenosine may contribute to seizure suppression, and that adenosine kinase and adenosine transport may play a pivotal role in the regulation of extracellular levels of adenosine in the CNS. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Corrosion Protection of Steel with Oxide Nanolaminates Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition (2011)

Atomic layer deposited (ALD) aluminum and tantalum oxide (Al2O3 and Ta2O5) and their nanolaminates were applied as corrosion protection coatings on AISI 52100 steel. The aim was to combine the good sealing properties of Al2O3 with the chemical stability of Ta2O5 and to optimize the coating architecture in order to obtain the best possible long-term durability. Coating composition and morphology were studied with time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis (ToF-ERDA), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS). Electrochemical properties were studied with voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and corrosion durability with neutral salt spray (NSS) testing. The coatings were observed to be conformal and uniform over rough surfaces, and contained some carbon and hydrogen as impurities. The electrochemical results showed that the Al2O3 coating had superior sealing properties compared to the Ta2O5 coating, and nanolaminates had properties in between those of Al2O3 and Ta2O5. However, in the NSS test the laminate-coated samples survived the best demonstrating long-term durability. Analysis of the laminate structure showed that for 40 and 80 nm laminates the best protection was achieved with 10 and 20 nm layers, respectively.