gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Computer Interaction: Legibility and Contrast (2007)

In human computer interaction readability of textual information is one of the foremost requirements for displays designed to provide visual information. In this context it is of main interest to identify the design attributes that influence readability, and investigate their relationship with measures of ease of reading. In this paper we present results from a readability experiment focused on text contrast that we performed on the Web. Our analysis indicate that light text on dark background is more difficult to read, and that the minimum luminance contrast between foreground and background color, in terms of CIELAB lightness difference, should be about 27 units.
Methylphenidate as a treatment for depression in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: an n-of-1 trial. (1992)

We conclude that methylphenidate was beneficial in the treatment of depression in this patient with AIDS.
HLA-Associated Susceptibility to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in HIV-1-Seropositive Subjects (1990)

No difference in HLA-A, B or DR gene frequencies could be observed between 172 control subjects and 180 HIV-1-seropositive subjects of European ancestry diagnosed through the systematic screening of blood donations. In contrast, progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS; 21 patients) or CD4 lymphocyte loss equal or more than 20% over a 6-month period (37 subjects) was found to be associated with the B8DR3 haplotype (relative risk = 10.64, p less than 0.003, and 2.23, p less than 0.092, respectively). Other independently significant associations assessed through the multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model were B16, BW21 and B35 alleles as factors of bad prognosis. Conversely, A11 and DR4 alleles were factors favouring longer survival.
Efficacy of mitemcinal, a motilin agonist, on gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with symptoms suggesting diabetic gastropathy: a randomized, multi‐center, placebo‐controlled trial (2007)

Mitemcinal can induce a statistically significant response to treatment in a subset of diabetic gastroparesis where future prokinetic clinical trials should be focused.
Limitations to the determination of the optical properties of a thin film by combined ellipsometric and surface plasmon resonance measurements (1988)

We consider the use of the ellipsometric constant Delta and the surface plasmon excitation angle theta of a metal substrate covered by a thin transparent isotropic film for the determination of the refractive index n and thickness d of the film. It is proved, using an expression for Delta(n,d) and theta(n,d) valid to firstorder in d, that it is in general not possible to find a unique n and d from measured values of Delta and theta. Exact calculation of Delta(n,d) and theta(n,d) for the case of a silver substrate covered by an organic thin film and 632.8-nm radiation confirms this result and establishes that the range of d where the proof applies is below ~35 nm. For a value of d of ~40 nm we find that the theoretical limit of uncertainty in n and d when both Delta and theta are known to +/-0.01 degrees is 0.01 and 0.05 nm, respectively.
Phosphorus based additives for flame retardant polyester. 2. Polymeric phosphorus esters (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphorus based additives for flame retardant polyester. 2. Polymeric phosphorus estersRobert W. StackmanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1982, 21, 2, 332–336Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300006a028https://doi.org/10.1021/i300006a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views521Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Relationship between fetal nuchal translucency and crown–rump length in an Asian population (2001)

The present study offers normative data of the fetal NT thickness in an Asian population, which may improve the performance of NT measurement during the first-trimester as a screening tool for chromosomal aberrations or other congenital abnormalities in the first trimester.
A New Constant Extinction Angle Control for AC/DC/AC Static Convertors (1968)

Maximum utilization of an invertor's capacity and minimum consumption of reactive power demands an accurate constant extinction angle control. A new scheme for such a control is presented that is based on the integration of each commutating voltage waveform from -π + δc, thereby obtaining a simulation of the steady- state commutation equation. The resulting control is capable of fresh computation of the firing angle every cycle. The control is extended to cover the convertor operation over its full range from a minimum permissible angle of delay to the minimum permissible extinction angle.
Amorphous phenoxy thermoplastics with an extraordinary barrier to oxygen (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleAmorphous phenoxy thermoplastics with an extraordinary barrier to oxygenDavid J. Brennan, H. Craig Silvis, Jerry E. White, and Charles N. BrownCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 19, 6694–6696Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00123a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00123a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preparation and Characterization of 4‐Methoxy Cinnamoyl Glycerol (2008)

Abstract Glycerol was reacted with 4‐methoxy cinnamic acid to prepare the corresponding 4‐methoxy cinnamoyl glycerol. The reaction proceeded in toluene under reflux conditions with p ‐toluenesulfonic acid catalyst. Reaction of equimolar amounts of reactants produced the monoester in 20% yield after 2 h. The product was isolated and characterized by FTIR, mass spectrometry, and NMR techniques. Results of mass spectrometry and NMR experiments showed that the ester linkage formed between the carboxylic acid and the primary hydroxyl of glycerol. The ester displayed strong absorbance between 250 and 350 nm and shows potential as a UV filter in formulations where hydrophilic compounds are advantageous.
Numerical simulation of collective ion acceleration in the laser controlled collective accelerator (2003)

Summary Form only given, as follows. In the Laser Controlled Collective Accelerator, an intense electron beam is injected at a current above the vacuum space-charge limit into an initially evacuated drift tube. A plasma channel, produced by time-sequenced, multiple-laser-beam ionization of a solid target on the drift tube wall, provides the necessary neutralization to allow for effective beam propagation. By controlling the rate of production of the plasma channel as a function of time down the drift tube, control of the electron beamfront can be achieved. Initial experiments have demonstrated the controlled acceleration of protons at a rate of 40 MeV/m over a distance of 50 cm, in good agreement with experimental design values. In order to understand and to optimize ion acceleration in this system, the one-dimensional electrostatic PIC code CIA has been developed. Initial results agree with the experimental results as regards rate of sequencing for enhanced acceleration and peak enhanced ion energy. In addition, the code demonstrates the erosion of the strong beamfront electric field as well as the decrease in the number of ions accelerated over the channel length.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiampere negative ion source development at Novosibirsk (invited) (1996)

Results on multiampere negative ion (NI) sources with a surface-plasma mechanism of negative ion production are presented. Several types of surface-plasma sources (SPS)—Honeycomb semiplanotrons and hollow-cathode Penning source—are reviewed. The data on SPS H−(D−) production with average NI current density in the beam up to 0.1 A/cm2 is presented. The properties of high-current glow hydrogen–cesium discharge that produces a large-area, thin layer of plasma and provides the necessary components for intense negative ion emission and collecting (low work function coverage, electric and magnetic field distribution across the plasma, current composition to NI emitter) are analyzed. Data on efficiency and contribution of different channels of surface-plasma NI production are presented.
Successful cidofovir treatment of adenovirus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis and renal dysfunction after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (2003)

We present a patient who developed hemorrhagic cystitis and renal dysfunction after unrelated bone marrow transplantation. Polyoma BK virus and adenovirus 11 were detected in the urine. Vidarabine was administered without effect. Relatively low dose cidofovir was efficacious. Renal function improved, and the urinary secretion of adenovirus stopped.
Crystal methamphetamine initiation among street-involved youth (2013)

We identified high rates of crystal methamphetamine initiation among this population. Males those involved in the drug trade, and those who used crack cocaine were more likely to initiate crystal methamphetamine use. Evidence-based strategies to prevent and treat crystal methamphetamine use are urgently needed.
Bigenic Cre/loxP, pu tk conditional genetic ablation (2004)

Genetic ablation experiments are used to resolve problems regarding cell lineages and the in vivo function of certain groups of cells. We describe a two-component conditional ablation technology using a mouse carrying an X-linked puDeltatk transgene, which is only activated in cells expressing Cre. Ablation of the Cre-expressing cells can be temporally regulated by the time of ganciclovir (GCV) administration. This strategy was demonstrated using a Col2Cre transgenic line. Differentiating chondrocytes in bigenic animals could be ablated at different developmental stages resulting in disorganized growth plates and dwarfism. Macrocephaly, macroglossia and umbilical hernia were also observed in ablated 18.5 dpc embryos. Crosses between the puDeltatk selector transgenic line and existing cre lines will facilitate numerous temporally regulated tissue-specific ablation experiments.
cDNA Cloning and Developmental Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors from <i>Xenopus laevis</i> (1991)

The heparin-binding growth factors constitute a family of homologous polypeptides including basic and acidic fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). These factors participate in a variety of processes, including wound healing, angiogenesis, neuronal survival, and inductive events in the early amphibian embryo. We have isolated three closely related species of cDNA clones for Xenopus FGF receptors. One of these, designated XFGFR-A1, encodes an open reading frame of 814 amino acids. A second class encodes an identical amino acid sequence with the exception of an 88-amino-acid deletion near the 5' end. This species probably arises through alternative splicing. A third class of cDNA corresponding to the shorter form of XFGFR-A1 was isolated and shown to be 95% homologous and is designated XFGFR-A2. Xenopus FGF receptors are similar to FGF receptors from other species in that they contain a transmembrane domain, a tyrosine kinase domain split by a 14-amino-acid insertion, and a unique conserved stretch of eight acidic residues in the extracellular domain. Overexpression of Xenopus FGF receptor protein by transfection of COS1 cells with the corresponding cDNA in a transient expression vector leads to the appearance of new FGF binding sites on transfected cells, consistent with these cDNAs encoding for FGF receptors. RNA gel blot analysis demonstrates that Xenopus FGF receptor mRNA is a maternal message and is expressed throughout early development. When blastula-stage ectoderm is cultured in control amphibian salt solutions, Xenopus FGF receptor mRNA declines to undetectable levels by late neurula stages. However, when cultured in the presence of FGF of XTC mesoderm-inducing factor, Xenopus FGF receptor RNA expression is maintained.
Characterization of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin-induced cyclic AMP accumulation in the rat thyroid cell strain FRTL-5: potentiation by forskolin and calibration against reference preparations of thyrotrophin (1985)

A clonal strain of rat thyroid cells (FRTL-5) has been used to investigate the biological activity of a Research Standard preparation of long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS-B). Using the accumulation of intracellular cyclic AMP as a response parameter, significant stimulation was attained at a LATS-B dose of 0.75 mu./ml. The inter-bioassay coefficient of variation in response to a fixed dose of LATS-B (1.25 mu./ml) was 20.5%, as determined using eight sequential subcultures. Cells cultured directly from frozen stocks responded to both bovine TSH and LATS-B in a manner indistinguishable from cells subjected to regular subculturing. Cyclic AMP responses to incremental doses of LATS-B were potentiated after the inclusion of a low dose of forskolin (0.1 mumol/l). However, forskolin addition had no effect on the time-course of LATS-B-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation, half-maximal responses being attained after 60 min in either the presence or absence of the diterpene. In the presence of 0.1 mumol forskolin/l, intracellular cyclic AMP responses to LATS-B were demonstrably parallel with those to human TSH (Second International Reference Preparation, 80/558), whilst parallel incremental cyclic AMP responses were also observed in respect of TSH and serial dilutions of a potent thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSIg) preparation, indicating that for this particular Graves' disease patient, TSIg bioactivity may be expressed in terms of a convenient and reproducible standard, as TSH microunit equivalents.
An Intermediate-Temperature Ammonia Fuel Cell Using Gd-Doped Barium Cerate Electrolyte (2004)

An intermediate-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cell has been developed that employs a proton-conducting solid electrolyte and uses ammonia directly as the hydrogen-containing fuel. Preliminary tests demonstrate that Gd-doped barium cerate is a suitable electrolyte material for a direct ammonia fuel cell operating at intermediate temperatures. When ammonia was fed directly at 700°C, a pressed electrolyte wafer with a supported platinum anode catalyst produced 50 mW power at 100 mA current. Fuel cell performance using ammonia was only marginally lower compared to pure hydrogen, and this was attributed to production of nitrogen during the ammonia cracking which dilutes the hydrogen fuel. Complete conversion of ammonia to hydrogen is possible due to the fuel cell's ability to continuously remove hydrogen from the anode chamber, as well as supply the necessary heat for the ammonia cracking reaction. Nitrogen and water are the only chemical products of the direct ammonia fuel cell utilizing a proton-conducting solid electrolyte. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Advocacy in palliative care (2007)

It is already clear that 2007 will be a year of significant advocacy challenges for palliative care with the Federal Government election and negotiations for the next five year Australian Health Care Agreement. Deployment of advocacy skills (as well as time, money and volunteer energy) and investments, supported by evidence and networks (numbers), must match the cycle of decision making and opportunities. In the lead-up to these negotiations, palliative care - its value in terms of economic and quality of life outcomes - should not be lost in the debate and weighted as a lower priority to competing health care priorities. The federal election, scheduled as a precursor to the conclusion of these negotiations, increases the scope of advocacy work to be done by the sector. These events will provide an opportunity to strengthen recognition of palliative care as an essential and cost effective investment in health outcomes and an opportunity to establish a robust advocacy network and make a difference. This will be the palliative care sector's challenge in the year ahead. (author abstract)
Purification and characterization of a thermostable alkaline protease from alkalophilic Bacillus pumilus (2002)

The thermostable alkaline protease from Bacillus pumilus MK6-5 will be extremely useful in ultrafiltration membrane cleaning due to its ability to work in broad pH and temperature ranges, and tolerance to detergents, unlike the mesophilic proteases which face these limitations.
Gaussian beam analysis of multiple beam reflector antennas (2002)

The design and performance analysis of multiple beam antennas (MBAs) is quite tedious requiring several iterations of first computing the radiation patterns of reflector antennas for all the beams using the physical optics method and then performing minimum coverage area directivity and copolar isolation evaluations for each beam. The whole process typically takes a few weeks to arrive at an optimal MBA design. The objective of this paper is to present a simplified analysis such that the complete design and performance analysis can be performed very efficiently using hand calculators. The analysis is based on approximating both the primary and secondary patterns as Gaussian beams and deriving simplified equations for the MBA design and performance evaluations. The results of the analysis presented agree well with the computations using the rigorous physical optics analysis of reflector antennas.
The personalised medicine. A paradigm of evidence-based medicine. (2011)

The practice of "evidence-based medicine" aims at the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of the current best evidence in making decisions about the individualised patient care. The clinical genetics evolved from translational genetics research and contributes to the clinical care of patients and families through evidence-based health care in managing inherited disorders through accurate diagnosis, molecular pathology and assessing phenotypic correlations. Translational genetics and genomics research has led to the development of powerful tools for clinical diagnosis, assessing individual's genomic profile for disease prediction/prevention, high-throughput genome-wide screening for predisposition and/or protection to complex medical conditions, and discovery and development of new drugs and vaccines. Gene mapping and deciphering pathogenic mutations have helped in unravelling the basic biological mechanisms leading to new drug discovery and development. Targeted pharmacotherapy is now possible for managing the highly penetrant multi-system dominantly inherited conditions. Notable examples include rapamycin (sirolimus) in suppressing the mTOR pathway associated hamartomas in dominantly inherited cancer family syndromes and angiotensin converting enzyme receptor blockers (ACE-RB) in preventing aortic dilatation in Marfan syndrome and related familial arteriopathies. The translational genomic research is the essential prerequisite for developing sound evidence-based diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic clinical protocols for the practice of personalised clinical medicine.
Dynamic current distribution controls of a parallel connected converter system (2002)

Based on the central-limit control algorithm for the parallel connected converter system, two improved dynamic current distribution control methods are introduced: the programmable current distribution control (PCDC) and the maximum current limit control (MCLC). In PCDC, the ratio of the output current of each converter to the total output current can be programmed according to the desired application objective while the output voltage remains regulated. In the MCLC, all converters in the system may not be turned on at the same time depending on the load conditions. The steady-state analyses and design consideration of the PCDC controlled converter system are presented. The steady-state current distribution error (CDE) between the output current of converters is used as a criterion to evaluate the system performance. The design consideration of choosing proper loop compensators, and scaling factors to reduce the CDE is also introduced. These two schemes can be combined to achieve better system performance, which increase the life-time, reliability, and efficiency of the overall converter system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Facile Preparation of Water-Dispersible Graphene Sheets Stabilized by Carboxylated Oligoanilines and Their Anticorrosion Coatings (2015)

Dispersion of graphene in solvents is of crucial importance toward its practical applications. In this study, using a water-soluble carboxylated aniline trimer derivative (CAT(-)) as a stabilizer, the commercial graphene can be stably dispersed in water at high concentration (>1 mg/mL) via strong π-π interaction that was proved by Raman and UV-vis spectra. Moreover, the CAT(-)-functionalized graphene sheets (G-CAT(-) hybrid) exhibited high conductivity (∼1.5 S/cm), good electroactivity and improved electrochemical stability. The addition of well-dispersed graphene into waterborne epoxy system (G-CAT(-)/epoxy) remarkably improved corrosion protection compared with pure waterborne epoxy coating, based on a series of electrochemical measurements performed under 3.5% NaCl solution. This significantly enhanced anticorrosion performance is mainly due to the improved water barrier properties derived from highly dispersed graphene nanosheets in the epoxy coating.