gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Establishment of cell lines derived from chronic lymphocytic leukaemic cells by transfection with myc and ras (1996)

Seventy-one samples from 37 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) were transfected with human c-myc and/or N-ras. In only three cases did the CLL cells further transform and four cell lines were established following transfection with myc plus ras. Surface marker profiles and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement studies confirm that all cell lines have arisen from the original CLL cells. The cell lines are EBNA positive but negative for EBV latent membrane protein (LMP). Karyotyping of the cell lines is as follows: SA4, 46,XY; SA4-2, 45,XY, 20; RK4, 48,XY,+ 5,+ 12; EHC4, 47,XY, t(14;18)(q32;q21), + 12. Although the majority of CLL cells appear resistant to transformation in vitro with myc and ras with the methods used, it does occur in a small percentage (about 8%). There appeared to be no correlation between the ability to transform in vitro and clinical behaviour.
Relevance of the immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin 8/18 for the diagnosis and classification of breast cancer. (2008)

Three different models of positive reaction were found: (1) normal cytoplasmic with intense and diffuse pattern, (2) aberrant membrane pattern and (3) aberrant cytoplasmic granular pattern associated with membranous positive reaction. Normal expression of CK8/18 was found in 23 cases of breast cancer, aberrant membranous in nine cases and aberrant with granular pattern in four cases. Further studies will be needed to elucidate these differences and possible correlation with other molecular markers.
The Dawn of Lithium-Ion Batteries (2016)

The first commercial Li-ion secondary battery (LIB) was introduced into the market in 1991 by SONY Corp. It was believed that the resulting LIB's had sufficient characteristics for mobile gears. Customers, however, were not fully satisfied with them and severe comments were made on them. The key factors that they claimed will be presented here, and it is emphasized that it is essential to appreciate what characteristics are required by the customers.
A practical approach to pancreatic cancer immunotherapy using resected tumor lysate vaccines processed to express α-gal epitopes (2017)

Our data suggest that α-gal(+) PDAC tumor lysate vaccination may be a practical and effective new immunotherapeutic approach for treating pancreatic cancer.
Mechanical Modulation of Vertebral Body Growth (1996)

The findings confirm that vertebral growth is modulated by loading, according to the Hueter-Volkmann principle. The quantification of this relationship will permit more rational design of conservative treatment of spinal deformity during the adolescent growth spurt.
R&D and Commercialization of Metal-Supported SOFC Personal Power Products at Point Source Power (2013)

Point Source Power develops consumer products incorporating metal-supported SOFC technology licensed from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The first product is the VOTO TM , designed to operate in wood- or charcoal-burning cookstoves prevalent throughout the developing world. The VOTO TM is fueled by biomass, and heated to 650-850°C operation temperature during cooking, producing a few watts of electricity. Metal-supported cell and stack technology are developed that enable operation in the uncontrolled cookstove environment. Particular challenges overcome include: rapid thermal cycling during cooking-fire light-off; maintaining optimum operating temperature; and, degradation of the cell by contaminants in the cookstove.
Durability of Tubular Geopolymer Reinforced with Silica Sand (2012)

Metakaolin-based geopolymer materials reinforced with sand in tubular shape were developed, and their durability in acidic, neutral and humid environment was investigated. Results show that mechanical properties of materials are not affected by durability tests suggesting a good stability in aqueous media. Furthermore, the surface of samples which was covered by soluble species such as KOH or K2CO3 becomes smooth after treatment in acidic and neutral media and appears not to be attacked confirming the high acid resistance of geopolymer materials.
Azole antifungal agents: emerging and inherent resistance (1995)

The development of resistance to azole antifungals in yeasts is a recent phenomenon. It is usually described for Candida albicans and fluconazole in oropharyngeal and oesophageal candidiasis in advanced stages of AIDS. The cross resistance between the triazoles fluconazole and itraconazole is frequent, but not constant, and the decrease in susceptibility is of the same order of magnitude for both triazoles. Candida krusei and Candida (Torulopsis) glabrata are intrinsically resistant to these triazoles. The most important mechanisms of resistance are a reduced permeability of the cell membrane and a mutation in the target fungal enzyme cytochrome p450. The wide use of the new azoles can increase the colonization and the infection rate with resistant species in compromised patients. An epidemiological survey of clinical response and susceptibility pattern of Candida is necessary in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients.
Beam Pattern Investigation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers (2008)

Far-fleld beam pattern measurement results of in-house fabricated 1mm long THz QCLs with ridge widths of 30m and 100m are presented. Both devices show difiractive-like beam patterns in the elevation direction (perpendicular to semiconductor heterojunction plane). In the in-plane direction (parallel to semiconductor heterojunction plane), the device with a wider ridge width (100m) shows a quasi-Gaussian-like beam proflle. A radio-frequency (RF) design simulator (HFSS) is deployed to simulate far-fleld beam pattern of the QCL devices. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Tunable electrochemical pH modulation in a microchannel monitored via the proton-coupled electro-oxidation of hydroquinone (2014)

Electrochemistry is a promising tool for microfluidic systems because it is relatively inexpensive, structures are simple to fabricate, and it is straight-forward to interface electronically. While most widely used in microfluidics for chemical detection or as the transduction mechanism for molecular probes, electrochemical methods can also be used to efficiently alter the chemical composition of small (typically <100 nl) microfluidic volumes in a manner that improves or enables subsequent measurements and sample processing steps. Here, solvent (H2O) electrolysis is performed quantitatively at a microchannel Pt band electrode to increase microchannel pH. The change in microchannel pH is simultaneously tracked at a downstream electrode by monitoring changes in the i-V characteristics of the proton-coupled electro-oxidation of hydroquinone, thus providing real-time measurement of the protonated forms of hydroquinone from which the pH can be determined in a straightforward manner. Relative peak heights for protonated and deprotonated hydroquinone forms are in good agreement with expected pH changes by measured electrolysis rates, demonstrating that solvent electrolysis can be used to provide tunable, quantitative pH control within a microchannel.
Multipath QUIC: A Deployable Multipath Transport Protocol (2018)

QUIC is the emerging transport layer protocol, providing encrypted, stream-multiplexed, low-latency data transfer. In this paper, we propose multipath-enabled QUIC (MPQUIC) to leverage multiple network interfaces, such as WiFi and LTE on today's mobile devices. We show how our MPQUIC design conceptually evolves beyond existing multipathing protocols, such as MPTCP, as it provides fine-grained stream-to-path scheduling, reduced head-of-line blocking, and faster subflow establishment. We present an userland implementation of MPQUIC that is deployable without operating system changes. Our evaluation results show that MPQUIC increases throughput in comparison to traditional QUIC, TCP and even the currently de facto multipath transport protocol MPTCP. First real world measurements confirm that MPQUIC is deployable in the Internet to reduce download times. Moreover, we show that MPQUIC's conceptual advantages over MPTCP efficiently reduce head-of-line blocking in heterogeneous environments. With multipathing support, QUIC is ready to become the universal stream transport protocol in today's Internet.
Age-Related Variations in Proteinpolysaccharides from Human Nucleus Pulposus, Annulus Fibrosus, and Costal Cartilage (1969)

Light fraction proteinpolysaccharide was prepared by water extraction of nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and costal cartilage obtained at autopsy from fifteen skeletally normal subjects ranging in age from four and one half to seventy-six years. Age dependent changes in glucosamine and galactosamine content of the crude tissue and of the light fraction proteinpolysaccharide were demonstrated. A decrease with aging in per cent of total hexosamine extractable in the light fraction proteinpolysaccharide and an increase in protein content was observed in all three tissues. Electrophoresis of the light fraction produced two main components differing in both polysaccharide and protein content.
Total Synthesis of Tulearin C (2011)

With the help of the smaller brother: Although alkyne metathesis will always be the little brother of alkene metathesis, it allows problems to be solved that are currently beyond reach of the more famous sibling. This notion is exemplified by the tulearin macrolides, which could only be selectively forged by ring-closing alkyne metathesis (RCAM)/trans reduction using the latest generation of alkyne metathesis catalysts. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A hidden Markov model to identify combinatorial epigenetic regulation patterns for estrogen receptor α target genes (2012)

We developed a computational approach to identify and analyze epigenetic patterns associated with Tam resistance in the MCF7-T cell line as opposed to the Tam-sensitive MCF7 cell line, with the goal of understanding the underlying mechanisms of epigenetic regulatory influence on resistance to Tam treatment in breast cancer. In this study, we used ChIP-seq of ERα, RNA polymerase II, three histone modifications and MBD-seq data of DNA methylation in MCF7 and MCF7-T cells to train hidden Markov models (HMMs). We applied the Bayesian information criterion to determine that a 20-state HMM was best, which was reduced to a 14-state HMM with a Bayesian information criterion score of 1.21291 × 10(7). We further identified four classes of biologically meaningful states in this breast cancer cell model system, and a set of ERα combinatorial epigenetic regulated target genes. The correlated gene expression level and gene ontology analyses showed that different gene ontology terms were enriched with Tam-resistant versus sensitive breast cancer cells. Our study illustrates the applicability of HMM-based analysis of genome-wide high-throughput genomic data to study epigenetic influences on E2/ERα regulation in breast cancer.
A Differential Volumetric Approach to Multi-View Photometric Stereo (2019)

Highly accurate 3D volumetric reconstruction is still an open research topic where the main difficulty is usually related to merging some rough estimations with high frequency details. One of the most promising methods is the fusion between multi-view stereo and photometric stereo images. Beside the intrinsic difficulties that multi-view stereo and photometric stereo in order to work reliably, supplementary problems arise when considered together. In this work, we present a volumetric approach to the multi-view photometric stereo problem. The key point of our method is the signed distance field parameterisation and its relation to the surface normal. This is exploited in order to obtain a linear partial differential equation which is solved in a variational framework, that combines multiple images from multiple points of view in a single system. In addition, the volumetric approach is naturally implemented on an octree, which allows for fast ray-tracing that reliably alleviates occlusions and cast shadows. Our approach is evaluated on synthetic and real data-sets and achieves state-of-the-art results.
Ionic and Osmotic Influences on Prostaglandin Release from the Gill Tissue of A Marine Bivalve, <i>Modiolus Demissus</i> (1980)

1. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was identified in Modiolus demissus gill tissue on the basis of solvent extraction, thin layer and column chromatography, bioassay, and radioimmunoassay. The presence of PGE2 was detected in both tissue and sea water incubate surrounding the tissue. 2. Both hyposmotic stress and magnesium-free sea water significantly increased release of prostaglandins into sea water. Hyposmotic stress also significantly increased prostaglandin synthesis. 3. Examination of tissues revealed that homogenates of the mantle and lower visceral mass contained significantly fewer nanograms immunoreactive prostaglandins per gram wet weight than homogenates of the gill, posterior adductor muscle, upper visceral mass, or siphon tissue. 4. Prostaglandin release could be increased by addition of arachidonic acid, and inhibited by addition of acetylsalicylic acid or indomethacin.
An Improved Synthesis of 18-Nor-17-ketosteroids and Application of the Method for the Preparation of (3β,5β,13α)- and (3β,5β,13β)-3-Hydroxygonan-17-one (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTAn Improved Synthesis of 18-Nor-17-ketosteroids and Application of the Method for the Preparation of (3β,5β,13α)- and (3β,5β,13β)-3-Hydroxygonan-17-oneMingcheng Han and Douglas F. CoveyView Author Information Department of Molecular Biology & Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 21, 7614–7616Publication Date (Web):October 18, 1996Publication History Received17 June 1996Published online18 October 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9611430Copyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views366Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (158 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Organic reactions,Rearrangement,Resonance structures,Steroids Get e-Alerts
Titanium and Zirconium Complexes That Contain the Tridentate Diamido Ligands [(<i>i</i>-PrN-<i>o</i>-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O]<sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>([<i>i</i>-PrNON]<sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>) and [(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>11</sub>N-<i>o</i>-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O]<sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>([CyNON]<sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>) (1999)

A variety of five- and six-coordinate titanium and zirconium dialkyl complexes that contain the [(i-PrN-o-C6H4)2O]2- ([i-PrNON]2-) ligand have been prepared, among them [i-PrNON]Ti(CH2CHMe2)2, [i-PrNON]Ti(CH2CMe3)2, [i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CH3)2, and [i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CHMe2)2. These species serve as sources of complexes such as {[i-PrNON]Ti(PMe3)2}2(μ-N2), [i-PrNON]Ti(CHCMe3)(PMe3)2, [i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CHMe2)2(PMe3), and [i-PrNON]Zr(H2CCMe2)(PMe3)2. The reaction between [i-PrNON]Ti(CH2CMe3)2 and Me2PCH2CH2PMe2 in the absence of dinitrogen yields (i-PrNC6H4)(i-PrNC6H4O)Ti(dmpe), a pseudooctahedral species in which one aryl−oxygen bond has been cleaved. In all structurally characterized complexes in which the [i-PrNON]2- ligand is intact, it adopts a mer configuration in which the donor oxygen atom is planar. Analogous dialkyl complexes [CyNON]MR2 (Cy = cyclohexyl; M = Zr, R = Me, Et, i-Bu, CH2CMe3, allyl; M = Ti, R = Me, CH2CMe3, i-Bu) have also been prepared. Decomposition of [i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CH3)2 in the absence of phosphine has been found to proceed in a first-order manner to yield {[i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CH3)}2(μ-C2H4) via rate-limiting β-hydrogen abstraction to give transient [i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CH2) followed by either intermolecular selective β-hydrogen transfer or ethyl group transfer from [i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CH3)2 to [i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CH2), as suggested by 2H and 13C labeling studies. Decompositions of [i-PrNON]ZrR2 complexes are dramatically accelerated in the presence of PMe3. One equivalent of PMe3 is proposed to bind to give a pseudooctahedral adduct, [i-PrNON]ZrR2(PMe3), in which the two alkyl (R) groups are pushed close to one another and β-hydrogen abstraction is thereby accelerated. Consistent with the relatively uncrowded coordination sphere in [i-PrNON]2- or [CyNON]2- complexes, activated dialkyls will only oligomerize 1-hexene. Compounds whose structures have been determined include [i-PrNON]Ti(CH2CHMe2)2, [i-PrNON]ZrMe2, [i-PrNON]Zr(H2CCHMe2)2(PMe3), [i-PrNON]Zr(CH2CMe2)(PMe3)2, [i-PrNON]Ti(PMe3)2]2(μ-N2), [i-PrNON]Ti(CHCMe3)(PMe3)2, and (i-PrNC6H4)(i-PrNC6H4O)Ti(dmpe).
Wide Screen Photography with Cylindrical Anamorphosing Systems and Characteristics of Motion Picture Lenses and Images<!--<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1-10.5594_J10170">*</xref>--> (1933)

This paper presents a brief description of the advantages of optical compression for producing wide screen pictures. There is included an exposition of the design and operating characteristics of cylindrical compression objectives, with particular reference to the high degree of central and marginal definition attainable. This latter is compared with the performance of existing motion picture lenses. In this connection there is presented a detailed quantitative description of the definition attainable with high-grade motion picture lenses. These data are correlated with information as to the physiological requirements for satisfactory definition on the screen.
Voltage-Driven 180° Magnetization Switching in Magnetoelectric Heterostructures (2017)

Voltage-driven non-volatile 180° magnetization switching without electric current provides an energy efficiency alternative to current-driven spintronics. Here, by using the finite-element method (FEM) which combined the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert micromagnetics with elastodynamic and electrostatics, we numerically demonstrate the application of the strain-mediated magnetoelectric (ME) effect for voltage control magnetization switching in ME heterostructures (e.g., a heterostructure consisting of a square-shaped nickel nano-magnet on top of the piezoelectric island with two pairs of electrodes around the nano-magnet element). This full 180° magnetization switching with voltage is applied by utilizing both the in-plane piezostrains and magnetic-shaped anisotropy of ME heterostructures. FEM simulation results clearly demonstrate that the magnetization in the nano-magnet can be switched unidirectionally to complete a 180° magnetization under two sets of voltage pulse. These results provide useful information for the design of low-power and fast voltage controlled spintronics.
Drug Evaluations: Drug Evaluation Central & Peripheral Nervous Systems: ‘Seroquel’ (quetiapine): Preclinical and clinical findings of a new atypical antipsychotic (1996)

This article first briefly reviews the preclinical findings of ‘Seroquel’ (quetiapine, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals), a novel dibenzothiazepine antipsychotic agent in late-stage clinical development, especially with respect to its potential as an atypical antipsychotic with a pharmacological profile similar to clozapine, but without the significant side-effects associated with clozapine. The rest of the article is a detailed review of the clinical studies of quetiapine completed to date. These include three placebo-controlled studies (Studies 4, 6, and 8), one open-labelled study (Study 5), and one study in which quetiapine was compared to chlorpromazine (Study 7). Details of the study designs and the efficacy, safety, and tolerability analyses are provided, and a summary of the results of each study is presented. Based on the findings in these five studies, quetiapine appears to be an effective antipsychotic agent for the treatment of both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, with efficacy that is statistically significantly superior to placebo and comparable to chlorpromazine. Quetiapine causes few extrapyramidal symptoms or acute dystonic reactions (rates are similar to placebo across the dose range), and it does not produce sustained elevations in serum prolactin. The clinical findings distinguish quetiapine from standard antipsychotics and further support its designation as an atypical antipsychotic.
Differing effects of pectin, cellulose and lignin on stool pH, transit time and weight (1983)

Randomized cross-over studies were undertaken to determine the effects of daily dietary supplements of pectin (12 g/d), cellulose (15 g/d) and lignin (12 g/d) on stool characteristics of healthy volunteers. Detailed dietary records were kept throughout the study. Stool collections over 48 h were used to determine mean stool pH and weight. The single stool transit time was measured using radio-opaque markers. Pectin did not significantly alter the mean stool pH, transit time or 24 h wet weight. Cellulose lowered the mean stool pH from 6.38 to 6.12, decreased mean stool transit time by 27% and increased mean wet stool weight by 57%. Lignin lowered the mean pH from 6.34 to 6.25, decreased the stool transit time by 20% and increased stool weight by 27% but these changes were not statistically significant. These findings have shown that individual fibre components have different colonic metabolic effects and support the view that associations between dietary fibre intakes and diseases such as colorectal cancer should be evaluated with regard to the type of fibre components consumed.