gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A VR-CELP codec implementation for CDMA mobile communications (2002)

This paper focuses on the design, implementation and testing of a variable rate (VR) CELP codec aimed to be used in the testbed of one RACE-II project: CoDiT (code division testbed). The project has been conceived to demonstrate the potentiality of CDMA for the UMTS (universal mobile telecommunications system). Because of the flexibility permitted by CDMA to easily convey the information stream over a VR physical channel, the fixed-rate constraint has been removed from the speech coding algorithm design, in order to exploit the time-varying local character of speech. One major feature of the proposed algorithm is the possibility for the average rate to be either source-controlled or network-controlled. This is particularly appealing for cellular communications in order to cope with areas or cells with a high time-varying congestion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improving Throughput-delay Performance by Merged Packet Routing in Wirelessly Controlled Interactive Power Networks (2007)

Wireless networks, for distributed control systems in general and interactive power networks (IPNs) in particular, demand a fresh look to minimize communication delays and improve throughput performance, while transmitting data having size on the order of few bytes. Using variable packet length time division multiple access (TDMA) approach at the medium access control (MAC) protocol layer we propose a merged-packet routing (MPR) algorithm at the network layer for an all-to-all broadcast to improve the throughput and delay performances. Taking into account the effect of channel noise we show that the idea of packet merging provides noticeable performance gain for the throughput without compromising the delay. The delay performance is further improved by adjusting the transmitter power according to the packet length.
EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE COOKING ON FOOD FATTY ACIDS: NO EVIDENCE OF CHEMICAL ALTERATION OR ISOMERIZATION (1980)

ABSTRACT Because of the current interest in the potential physiological effects of trans fatty acids and a brief report that microwave cooking causes isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids, we examined the effects of microwave treatments on the fatty acid composition of several food lipids, i.e., chicken fat, beef tallow, bacon fat, rainbow trout, peanut oil, and potato lipids. The data indicate that microwave cooking per se does not change the fatty acid pattern of these lipids nor cause isomerization of the unsaturated fatty acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Indole Alkaloids and Those with a Nonrearranged Monoterpenoid Unit (2011)

Abstract Review: 232 refs.
Safety and efficacy of pasireotide (SOM230) in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors refractory or resistant to octreotide LAR: Results of a phase II study (2006)

4082 Background: Pasireotide is a novel multiligand somatostatin analogue that exhibits high binding affinity to 4 of 5 somatostatin receptor subtypes: sst 1,2,3 and sst 5 . Compared with octreotide, pasireotide has 30, 5 and 40 times greater affinity for sst 1,3 and sst 5 receptors respectively and a comparable affinity for sst 2 . Methods: This was a Phase II, open-label, multicenter study in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors whose symptoms (diarrhea and flushing) were inadequately controlled by octreotide LAR. Patients had histopathologically confirmed disease, elevated 5-HIAA and/or CgA levels and at least one measurable lesion (excluding bone). Patients initially received pasireotide 300 μg sc bid and escalated to a maximum dose of 1200 μg sc bid every 3 days until clinical response was achieved. Partial response (PR) was defined as a mean of <4 bowel movements (BM)/day with no more than 6 BM on any given day, and a mean of <2 flushing episodes/day for 15 consecutive days on a fixed dose of pasireotide. Complete response (CR) was defined as a mean of ≤3 BM/day, with no more than 3 BM on any given day, and no flushing episodes. Results: Safety data are reported from 45 patients as of September 2005; 44 patients (mean age 61 years) qualified for efficacy assessment. Carcinoid tumors were predominantly of midgut origin. Preliminary efficacy data in controlling symptoms of carcinoid syndrome showed PR in 9 patients (20%) at 600–1200 μg sc bid doses and CR in 2 patients (5%) at the 600 and 900 μg sc bid doses. Objective tumor response in 11 patients showed 9 with stable disease and 2 with progressive disease at 6 months. Adverse events (AEs) were primarily gastrointestinal (GI): abdominal pain (31%) and nausea (27%). Weight loss (22%) and fatigue (22%) were also reported. Most AEs were mild or moderate. Glucose-related AEs (predominantly CTC grade 1–2) were observed in 24% of patients. Most discontinuations were due to GI AEs (n = 6) or lack of therapeutic response. Conclusions: Pasireotide 600–1200 μg sc bid was effective in controlling symptoms of diarrhea and flushing in 25% of patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors inadequately controlled by octreotide LAR. The safety profile of pasireotide is similar to octreotide LAR. [Table: see text]
A process for the combined fabrication of ion sensors and CMOS circuits (1988)

A novel process for the fabrication of ion-selective field-effect transistors (ISFETs) together with CMOS circuits on the same chip is reported. The process is based on a standard 2- mu m, n-well, CMOS process, which is only modified starting at the metal interconnect step. The interconnect layer used is tungsten silicide. ISFETs are fabricated with floating polysilicon gates, which are exposed to photolithographic masking and HF etching before silicon nitride is deposited on the wafer. This layer of Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ acts both as the pH-sensitive insulator for the ISFETs and as a protection layer for the on-chip circuitry buried beneath it. A source-follower circuit is described that provides an output voltage dependent on the threshold-voltage variations of the sensing transistor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deep conditional neural network for image segmentation (2016)

Existing joint models of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) face two problems for object segmentation: 1) CNNs can hardly extract high level features; 2) fully connected layers of CNNs are lack of capability of dealing with structured multi-level features. To address these problems, we utilize a Structured Random Forests based border ownership detection method to extract high level border features, which simulates the function of humans secondary visual cortex (V2). Moreover, an improved Conditional Boltzmann Machines (CBMs) are proposed to model predicted labels, local and global contexts of objects with multi-scale and multilevel features. Meanwhile, the proposed model inherits the merits of CNN, i.e., the good simulation of low level feature extraction ability in primary visual cortex (V1). Experiments demonstrate that our models yield competitive results on PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset.
Hardware Support for Malware Defense and End-to-End Trust (2017)

Abstract : This report describes an end-to-end architecture for establishing end-to-end trust. Including computing platforms, Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and actuators, mobile devices and servers; cloud based, stand alone, and traditional mainframes. The prototype developed demonstrated that hardware extensions, along with corresponding firmware can provide strong isolation for secure virtual machines and be transparent to unmodified virtual machines. For mobile platforms we developed and prototyped an architecture supporting separation of personalities on the same platform, safeguarding enterprise from personal data in a bi-directional manner. Lastly we demonstrated IoT sensor and actuator security using trusted security.
Dynamic viscoelastic behavior of ABA block polymers and the nature of the domain boundary (1976)

Abstract Dynamic viscoelastic properties of block copolymers of styrene with butadiene or isoprene are consistent with the growth of a diffuse interphase or interlayer as block lengths decrease. Under the conditions of the present study the interlayer does not lead to a secondary loss maximum between the two domain glass transitions. The pattern of shifts of the loss maxima characteristic of the domain T g 's suggests strongly that the interlayer composition profile must be asymmetric with an average volume composition rich in styrene. Typical block polymer viscoelastic behavior is observed even beyond the point at which the interlayer attains 100% of the polymer volume. Such block polymers no longer contain compositionally pure phases, but are visualized as retaining a residual domain structure in which composition fluctuates between ever narrowing limits as blocks become shorter, approaching homogeneity and the mechanical behavior of random copolymers.
An Efficient Photo-SET-Induced Cleavage of Dithiane−Carbonyl Adducts and Its Relevance to the Development of Photoremovable Protecting Groups for Ketones and Aldehydes (1998)

Irradiation of dithiane−aldehyde/ketone adducts in the presence of benzophenone leads to C−C bond cleavage regenerating the carbonyl compounds. It is established that the mechanism of this reaction involves photochemically induced single electron transfer from the dithiane moiety to the excited molecule of ET-photosensitizer, accompanied by mesolytic C−C cleavage in the generated cation-radical, which is assisted by the anion-radical of benzophenone. This mechanism is confirmed by a Hammett plot study of the cleavage in the dithiane adducts of substituted aromatic aldehydes and a deuterium kinetic isotope effect study. Ab initio computations at UHF/6-31G* and MP2/6-31G* levels of theory in conjunction with self-consistent reaction field (self-consistent isodensity-polarized continuum model), to account for the solvent effect, also support the experimental findings. The reaction is most efficient for protection of aromatic aldehydes and ketones and aliphatic ketones, and is a novel method for protecting carbonyl functionalities with a photoremovable group.
Generation of a Canine Anti-EGFR (ErbB-1) Antibody for Passive Immunotherapy in Dog Cancer Patients (2014)

Passive immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies represents a cornerstone of human anticancer therapies, but has not been established in veterinary medicine yet. As the tumor-associated antigen EGFR (ErbB-1) is highly conserved between humans and dogs, and considering the effectiveness of the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab in human clinical oncology, we present here a "caninized" version of this antibody, can225IgG, for comparative oncology studies. Variable region genes of 225, the murine precursor of cetuximab, were fused with canine constant heavy gamma and kappa chain genes, respectively, and transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) DUKX-B11 cells. Of note, 480 clones were screened and the best clones were selected according to productivity and highest specificity in EGFR-coated ELISA. Upon purification with Protein G, the recombinant cetuximab-like canine IgG was tested for integrity, correct assembly, and functionality. Specific binding to the surface of EGFR-overexpressing cells was assessed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence; moreover, binding to canine mammary tissue was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. In cell viability and proliferation assays, incubation with can225IgG led to significant tumor cell growth inhibition. Moreover, this antibody mediated significant tumor cell killing via phagocytosis in vitro. We thus present here, for the first time, the generation of a canine IgG antibody and its hypothetical structure. On the basis of its cetuximab-like binding site, on the one hand, and the expression of a 91% homologous EGFR molecule in canine cancer, on the other hand, this antibody may be a promising research compound to establish passive immunotherapy in dog patients with cancer.
Creating a medical dictionary using word alignment: The influence of sources and resources (2007)

More resources give better results in the automatic word alignment, but some resources only give small improvements. The most important type of resource is training and the most general resources were generated from ICD-10.
Insulin stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple high molecular weight substrates in Fao hepatoma cells (1992)

Insulin rapidly stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins which migrate between 165 and 190 kDa during SDS-PAGE. These proteins, collectively called pp185, were originally found in anti-phosphotyrosine antibody (alpha PY) immunoprecipitates from insulin-stimulated Fao rat hepatoma cells. Recently, we purified and cloned IRS-1, one of the phosphoproteins that binds to alpha PY and migrates near 180 kDa following insulin stimulation of rat liver [Sun, X. J., et al. (1991) Nature 352, 73-77]. IRS-1 and pp185 undergo tyrosine phosphorylation immediately after insulin stimulation and show an insulin dose response similar to that of insulin receptor autophosphorylation. However, IRS-1 was consistently 10 kDa smaller than the apparent molecular mass of pp185. The pp185 contained some immunoblottable IRS-1; however, cell lysates depleted of IRS-1 with anti-IRS-1 antibody still contained the high molecular weight forms of pp185 (HMW-pp185). Furthermore, the tryptic phosphopeptide map of IRS-1 was distinct from that of HMW-pp185, suggesting that at least two substrates migrate in this region during SDS-PAGE. Moreover, the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase and its 85-kDa associated protein (p85) bound to IRS-1 in Fao cells, but weakly or not at all to HMW-pp185. Our results show that Fao cells contain at least two insulin receptor substrates, IRS-1 and HMW-pp185, which may play unique roles in insulin signal transmission.
Positron-beam-brightness enhancement: Low-energy positron diffraction and other applications (1985)

The implementation and application of the first brightness-enhanced slow positron beam is described. The general concept of brightness enhancement by positron remoderation and the importance of such a technique for improving the phase-space parameters (beam diameter D and angular divergence \ensuremath{\theta}) of positron beams is reviewed. A theoretical brightness gain per remoderation stage of 180 is derived, corresponding to a reduction in D by a factor of 26. Fundamental difficulties in achieving these gains such as those due to lens aberrations and limitations inherent in our particular ``backscattering'' remoderation technique are described. Details of the construction and performance of a brightness-enhanced electrostatically focused beam are given. This beam achieves a diameter reduction of a factor of 10 per stage. With the use of two stages of remoderation it produces a beam on target with D and \ensuremath{\theta} values of approximately 1 mm and 1\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, and an energy width of 0.07 eV at a beam energy of 100 eV. The beam energy is tunable over the range 20--500 eV. These parameters are consistent with those found in standard low-energy electron diffraction beams. Using this new positron beam the first multiple-spot, low-energy positron diffraction pattern has been obtained. A W(110) crystal was used and an electron diffraction pattern was also acquired under identical conditions for comparison. A discussion of the potential uses of brightness-enhanced beams in diffraction studies and a variety of other solid-state and atomic physics measurements is given. Finally, future prospects for brightness-enhanced positron beams themselves including timing techniques, spin polarization, and microprobe development are considered.
Auger Spectroscopy Results from Ductility Dip Cracks Opened Under Ultra-High Vacuum (2005)

This report talks about Auger Spectroscopy Results from Ductility Dip Cracks Opened Under Ultra-High Vacuum.
Lactic Acidosis During Sepsis Is Related to Increased Pyruvate Production, Not Deficits in Tissue Oxygen Availability (1996)

These findings clearly indicate that the accumulation of lactate during sepsis is not the result of limitations in tissue oxygenation, but is a sequelae to the markedly increased rate of pyruvate production. Furthermore, the substantially higher rate of pyruvate oxidation in the septic patients refutes the notion of a sepsis-induced impairment in pyruvate dehydrogenase activity.
The influence of “starving plasma” regime on carbon content and bonds in a-Si1−xCx:H thin films (1998)

Differences on carbon content and chemical bonds in a-Si1−xCx:H were observed and analyzed in carbon rich and silicon rich films, deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition from mixtures of silane and methane. The influence of the radio frequency low power density regime on the film’s properties was investigated. The content of Si, C, and H in the solid phase was obtained by Rutherford back scattering and forward recoil spectrometry. The bondings were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Quantitative analysis on the film’s chemical composition was performed combining the vibrational spectra with the stoichiometry data. The results showed that under “silane starving plasma” conditions, a carbon content as high as 70 at. % is achieved and the main carbon bonds are tetragonal C–H, C–H2, and Si–C.
Kisspeptin modulates fertilization capacity of mouse spermatozoa (2014)

Kisspeptin acts as an upstream regulator of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, which is one of the main regulatory systems for mammalian reproduction. Kiss1 and its receptor Kiss1r (also known as G protein-coupled receptor 54 (Gpr54)) are expressed in various organs, but their functions are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression profiles and functions of kisspeptin and KISS1R in the reproductive tissues of imprinting control region mice. To identify the expression pattern and location of kisspeptin and KISS1R in gonads, testes and ovarian tissues were examined by immunohistochemical or immunofluorescent staining. Kisspeptin and KISS1R were expressed primarily in Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules respectively. KISS1R was specifically localized in the acrosomal region of spermatids and mature spermatozoa. Kisspeptin, but not KISS1R, was expressed in the cumulus-oocyte complex and oviductal epithelium of ovarian and oviductal tissues. The sperm intracellular calcium concentrations significantly increased in response to treatment with kisspeptin 10 in Fluo-4-loaded sperm. The IVF rates decreased after treatment of sperm with the kisspeptin antagonist peptide 234. These results suggest that kisspeptin and KISS1R might be involved in the fertilization process in the female reproductive tract. In summary, this study indicates that kisspeptin and KISS1R are expressed in female and male gametes, respectively, and in mouse reproductive tissues. These data strongly suggest that the kisspeptin system could regulate mammalian fertilization and reproduction.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOMATIC MUTATIONS IN MICE WITH AGE (1963)

Chromosome aberrations in the liver cells of two strains of mice, one long-lived and the other short-lived were measured as a function of age. The development of aberrations was found to be inversely proportional to the life expectancy. This result, together with other recent evidence, makes it seem very likely that somatic mutations play a dominant role in the aging process. (auth)
HTTP redirection applied to gateway authentication (2005)

Gateway authentication is mainly used to authenticate users who get access to external network from a local network.In this case,all of network access requests must go through a gateway system.In order to improve the user-friendliness of gateway authentication process,the gateway system was extended with the additional redirection module-ReHTTP especially for HTTP access request.It can automatically turn to the gateway authentication page once the unauthenticated users browse web page.ReHTTP introduced a simulating TCP connection establishment and accelerated TCP checksum algorithms,and was implemented within hardware interrupt routine.Compared with the implementation based on the network protocol stack of operating system,the performance of ReHTTP is enhanced at least one order of magnitude.
Receptors for C3b and C3bi promote phagocytosis but not the release of toxic oxygen from human phagocytes. (1983)

We have measured the release of H2O2 from granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages during spreading on ligand-coated culture surfaces. While IgG-coated surfaces stimulate vigorous release of H2O2, neither C3b- nor C3bi-coated surfaces promoted appreciable release of H2O2 despite full ligation of C3b and C3bi receptors. We also measured release of H2O2 from cultured monocytes spreading on surfaces coated with both fibronectin and C3. Under such circumstances, the C3 receptors elicit a strong phagocytic response, but no H2O2 release was recorded. We conclude that the C3b and C3bi receptors of monocytes and granulocytes do not signal the generation of toxic oxygen intermediates from these cells.
Optical scatterometry of subwavelength diffraction gratings: neural-network approach (1998)

Optical scatterometry is a method for the on-line measurement of the geometry of a diffraction grating, which is deduced from diffraction-pattern data. We demonstrate the use of a neural network as a promising method for performing an accurate quantitative characterization of the geometry. As an example, we show the deduction of the geometry of a grating with subwavelength grooves with a rms accuracy of 1.9 degrees for the slope of the groove walls, 0.7 nm for the linewidth, and 1.0 nm for the groove depth.
Le passage de la spontanéité à la volonté chez Condillac, Maine de Biran et Ravaisson (2013)

Le theme du passage de la spontaneite a la volonte fait souvent l’objet de la discussion autour de la relation de la vie et de la conscience. Chez les trois philosophes que nous etudierons dans notre expose, a savoir Condillac, Maine de Biran et Ravaisson, la conscience commence avec la volonte dont le prolongement cree toutes les formes actives de la pensee. La fonction de la volonte est plus proche de celle de la spontaneite vitale qu’aucune autre forme de la pensee. Notre problematique peut ressembler a celle de la relation entre l’ame et le corps, si l’on rapporte l’ame a la conscience et le corps a la vie. Mais nos trois philosophes se situent au point ou le dualisme radical commence a etre critique. Condillac distinguait la vie de la matiere en critiquant la theorie de l’animal-machine, bien qu’il donnait a l’homme et a l’animal la meme origine. Mais c’est Maine de Biran qui distinguait le domaine de l’habtude de icelui de la nature ou de l’instinct. Dans son dualisme, le domaine de l’instinct et les habitudes passives de la sensation font l’objet de recherches physiologiques, alors que le domaine de la conscience personnelle est completement degage par les habitudes actives de la perception et donc par l’effort moteur volontaire. Chez Ravaisson, ce dualisme dans le meme homme ne peut plus se soutenir. Il degage la spontaneite qui ne regne pas seulement le monde passif de l’instinct, mais qui reveille meme dans la conscience une activite nouvelle. La vie et la conscience se reunissent une nouvelle fois dans cette spontaneite vitale.