gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UAV assisted heterogeneous networks for public safety communications (2015)

Communications play an important role during public safety operations. Since the current communication technologies heavily rely on the backbone network, the failure of base stations (BSs) due to natural disasters or malevolent attacks causes communication difficulties for public safety and emergency communications. Recently, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) such as quadcopters and unmanned gliders have gained attention in public safety communications. They can be used as unmanned aerial base stations (UABSs), which can be deployed rapidly as a part of the heterogeneous network architecture. However, due to their mobile characteristics, interference management in the network becomes very challenging. In this paper, we explore the use of UABSs for public safety communications during natural disasters, where part of the communication infrastructure becomes damaged and dysfunctional (e.g., as in the aftermath of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan). Through simulations, we analyze the throughput gains that can be obtained by exploiting the mobility feature of the UAVs. Our simulation results show that when there is loss of network infrastructure, the deployment of UABSs at optimized locations can improve the throughput coverage and the 5th percentile spectral efficiency of the network. Furthermore, the improvement is observed to be more significant with higher path-loss exponents.
Wood Composites (2004)

Abstract The term wood composites is a general one that describes a wide range of products having some combination of wood element(s) held together by an adhesive “binder.” The wood composites industry is growing rapidly from both a steadily increasing demand for existing products and an increasing demand for new products to be used in new applications. This article describes the types of wood elements and major wood adhesives that are employed by the wood composites industry today, and major wood composite products that are currently marketed. An overview of current research directions and the forces driving this research is also presented, including research into alternative adhesive systems, adhesive modifications, improved processes, and lignocellulosic alternatives to wood.
Applications of Hydrofoils with Leading Edge Protuberances (2012)

Abstract : The leading edge modified hydrofoils generally create lift equal to or greater than their baseline counterparts at higher angles of attack (beyond the baseline stall angle) whereas at lower angles of attack the baseline models produce lift coefficients equal to or greater than the modified models. The drag coefficients of all modified hydrofoils are either equal to or greater than their baseline counterparts. The relative increase in drag associated with the leading edge protuberances, in turn, results in the lift-to-drag ratio for the modified hydrofoils to be less than or equal to the baseline models. The incipient cavitation numbers for leading edge modified hydrofoils were consistently greater than their their baseline counterparts.
Fluorescent gallium and indium bis(thiosemicarbazonates) and their radiolabelled analogues: Synthesis, structures and cellular confocal fluorescence imaging investigations (2011)

New fluorescent and biocompatible aromatic Ga(III)- and In(III)-bis(thiosemicarbazonato) complexes for dual mode optical and PET or SPECT molecular imaging have been synthesised via a synthetic method based on transmetallation reactions from Zn(II) precursors. Complexes have been fully characterised in the solid state by single crystal X-ray diffraction and in solution by spectroscopic methods (UV/Vis, fluorescence, (1)H and (13)C{(1)H} NMR). The bis(thiosemicarbazones) radiolabelled rapidly in high yields under mild conditions with (111)In (a gamma and Auger emitter for SPECT imaging and radiotherapy with t(1/2) = 2.8 d) and (68)Ga (a generator-available positron emitter for PET imaging with t(1/2) = 68 min). Cytotoxicity and biolocalisation studies using confocal fluorescence imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) techniques have been used to study their in vitro activities and stabilities in HeLa and PC-3 cells to ascertain their suitability as synthetic scaffolds for future multimodality molecular imaging in cancer diagnosis and therapy. The observation that the indium complexes show certain nuclear uptake could be of relevance towards developing (111)In therapeutic agents based on Auger electron emission to induce DNA damage.
Active machine learning for transmembrane helix prediction (2010)

Active learning is suitable for bioinformatics applications, where manually characterized data are not a comprehensive representation of all possible data, and in fact can be a very sparse subset thereof. It aids in selection of data instances which when characterized experimentally can improve the accuracy of computational characterization of remaining raw data. The results presented here also demonstrate that the feature extraction method of TMpro is well designed, achieving a very good separation between TM and non TM segments.
Recovery of molybdenum from fly ash by gibbsite (2011)

Abstract The effectiveness of gibbsite (GB), an amorphous aluminum oxide, for the recovery of Mo(VI) from eluates of fly ash of two coal-fired thermal power stations and of roof tile waste was investigated. Upon the qualitative analysis of an eluate of fly ash, 16 elements were detected. Greater amounts of these elements were eluted under acidic conditions (pH 2) than from the neutral or basic eluate of fly ash. GB was used for the adsorption of Mo(VI). Equilibrium adsorption was reached within 1 min. Optimal solution acidity for the adsorption of Mo(VI) onto GB400 (calcined at 400°C) was pH 2. The main adsorption mechanism was ion exchange with a number of hydroxyl groups of GB400. For repeated ad- and desorption of Mo(VI), GB400 could be used at least four times and the recovery percentage of Mo(VI) with sodium hydroxide solution as eluent surpassed 90%. Our results showed that GB400 was very effective for the recovery of Mo(VI) from fly ash. Keywords: molybdenumgibbsitefly ashadsorptionrare earth Acknowledgments This study was financially supported by "Antiaging Center Project" for Private Universities from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 2008-2012.
An evaluation of automatic object inline allocation techniques (1998)

Object-oriented languages such as Java and Smalltalk provide a uniform object reference model, allowing objects to be conveniently shared. If implemented directly, these uniform reference models can suffer in efficiency due to additional memory dereferences and memory management operations. Automatic inline allocation of child objects within parent objects can reduce overheads of heap-allocated pointer-referenced objects.We present three compiler analyses to identify inlinable fields by tracking accesses to heap objects. These analyses span a range from local data flow to adaptive whole-program, flow-sensitive inter-procedural analysis. We measure their cost and effectiveness on a suite of moderate-sized C++ programs (up to 30,000 lines including libraries). We show that aggressive interprocedural analysis is required to enable object inlining, and our adaptive inter-procedural analysis [23] computes precise information efficiently. Object inlining eliminates typically 40% of object accesses and allocations (improving performance up to 50%). Furthermore,
Selective Detection of 8-Oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine in Single-Stranded DNA via Nanopore Sensing Approach (2015)

We have developed a nanopore sensing approach for the selective detection of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxoG) in single-stranded DNA. First, 1,12-dodecanediamine is coupled with 8-oxoG-containing DNA molecules in high yield which leaves a free amine group for subsequent attaching of an adamantane moiety. After incubation with cucurbit[7]uril, the host-guest complex-modified DNA hybrid is translocated through an α-hemolysin nanopore. Highly characteristic events can be recorded and used to quantify the 8-oxoG-DNA content in a DNA mixture. Compared with the existing methods, this study provides a reliable, quick, and low-cost approach for the detection of 8-oxoG site in single-stranded DNA at the single-molecule level, particularly suitable for high-throughput screening of a massive number of samples.
Transportation Fuels From Catalytic Co-pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes With Petroleum Residues: Evaluation of Catalysts by Thermogravimetric Analysis (2013)

Abstract Thermal or catalytic pyrolysis processes have attracted much attention for the conversion of plastic wastes to a mixture of their basic hydrocarbons, which can be valuable either as fuels or as raw chemicals. Especially catalytic pyrolysis has the advantage over non-catalytic pyrolysis as the process can be tailored to produce much useful transportation fuels such as gasoline and diesel oils. The effect of different catalysts on the thermal degradation of polypropylene (PP) and its copyrolysis with petroleum vacuum residue (VR) has been studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA experiments were used to compare the activity of different catalysts towards PP degradation alone and mixture with VR. All the hydrocracking (HC) catalysts enhanced the copyrolysis of PP/VR mixtures. The reaction rates were found to increase with catalyst fraction, acidity, and a reduction in the catalysts particle size. The temperatures of onset, T on , of maximum-rate, T max , and of end, T end , of the degradation also shifted to lower values. Among HC catalysts, it seems that Z-713 performed better at all three weight fractions; Z-713 reduced both T 1% and T 99% better than others. On the other hand, the FCC catalyst (RCD-8) performed poorly for the degradation of PP. Various titania based catalysts prepared in our laboratory performed well. The number of acid sites and catalyst pore size along with impregnation with transition metals such as W/Ni and Ni/Mo are found as the key factors for the energy efficient conversion of polymers and VR to liquid hydrocarbons. The results will help in our ongoing study on conversion of waste plastics into feed stocks for chemicals and transportation fuels. Keywords: TGApyrolysiscatalytic crackingpolypropylenepetroleum residueswaste plasticscatalysts Notes a Measured weight fraction.
MDGC–MS: A powerful tool for enantioselective flavor analysis (1993)

Abstract This paper reports the differentiation between the enantiomers of theaspiranes and theaspirones, potent flavor compounds widely used in the flavor industry. Optically pure reference compounds of isomeric theaspiranes were obtained by enantioselective synthesis. Enantiomerically pure reference theaspirones were isolated from quince fruit; their absolute stereochemistry was assigned by CD spectroscopy. For both types of compounds the order of elution was elucidated by using authentic reference compounds. These data enabled the determination of the enantiomeric distribution of both types of compounds in a variety of plant tissues. Because of the complexity of the natural flavor isolates, compounds were identified by mass spectrometry after multidimensional gas chromatography employing a Sichromat 2 double oven chromatograph. After separation of the target compounds on the first, achiral, column (DB‐5), they were transferred to a chiral column (C‐Dex B) for determination of the enantiomeric distribution. Multiple ion detection (MID) enabled the determination of the enantiomeric distribution even for complex mixtures containing the target compounds at extremely low levels.
Determination of the nitrogen concentration in epitaxial layers of GaAs /SUB 1-x/ p /SUB x/ by the optical method (1986)

This paper determines the dependence of the cross section for absorption in the A /SUB N/ line of a bound exciton on the nitrogen content in the solid solution GaAs /SUB 1-x/ P /SUB x/ by comparing the results of optical measurements with the data from secondary ionic mass spectrometry, and these results are used to study the effect of technological factors on the nitrogen concentration epitaxial layers obtained by the gas-transport method. Doping was carried out with nitrogen by injecting ammonia into the reactor zone; the partial pressure of the ammonia was varied from 1 to 25 kPa. Aside from nitrogen, the authors doped the layers with shallow donor Te. It is established that the solubility of nitrogen in the solid solution decreases as the arsenic content increases when the convenient optical method for determining the nitrogen concentration in epitaxial GaAs /SUB 1-x/ P /SUB x/ layers is used.
Making Computerized Project Control Systems Work—Background (1985)

Control systems can be considered as consisting of five major elements. These are: establish the objective or standard to be achieved-quality, maximum duration, resource utilization, maximum cost, etc. ; capture data in such a form that performance can be measured; compare measured performance with objectives; report-determine which items may be out of control and notify the appropriate organizations or individuals; and provide information to assist in controlling. This presentation outlines and demonstrates implementations of various aspects of control systems within the context of these five major elements. Refs.
Interoperability between the X.509 and EDIFACT public key infrastructures (1998)

Over the last few years considerable effort has been dedicated to specifying and developing public key infrastructures (PKI's). Several initiatives from all around the world have resulted in the emergence of one PKI based on X.509 certificates and another based on EDIFACT certificates. Both PKIs include their own certificates and messages to simplify their management. However, these two PKIs are not interoperable, mainly because of the fact that the certificates and messages are coded differently (ASN.1 and DER are used for X.509 PKI, EDIFACT syntax for EDIFACT PKI).DEDICA (Directory based EDI Certificate Access and management) is a research and development project established by the European Commission under the Telematics Applications Program. The main objective of the DEDICA project is to define and provide a means of making these two infrastructures interoperable without increasing the amount of information that they handle. The proposed solution involves the design and implementation of a gateway tool interconnecting both PKIs. The main objective of this gateway is to translate certificates produced in one PKI to certificates produced in the other, maintaining as much as possible of the information present in the first. In this way, any user certified for instance within an X.509 PKI could get an EDIFACT certificate from this gateway without having to register in an EDIFACT infrastructure and use it to exchange EDIFACT messages with people certified within an EDIFACT PKI, who could also use their software to verity an EDIFACT certificate. The DEDICA gateway must therefore be capable of converting certain functionality of the UN/EDIFACT KEYMAN message (used for certification management) into access operations for the X.500 Distributed Directory, and vice versa. The gateway will in fact act as a proxy CA for the CAs of each PKI (it will sign the certificate resulting from the translation process). The tools developed for the gateway can also be used ill systems with a mixture of components. They can allow CAs in one of the PKIs to behave as CAs in the other. This gives a much wider scope to the work being done, as it can be the starting point for further specifications and developments leading to interoperability between other PKIs currently being developed (SPKI, for instance).
The C-Terminal Region of <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> Toxin Is Essential to Its Biological Activity (2006)

To evaluate the role of the C-terminal region in Bacteroides fragilis toxin (BFT) activity, processing, and secretion, sequential C-terminal truncation and point mutations were created by site-directed mutagenesis. Determination of BFT activity on HT29/C1 cells, cleavage of E-cadherin, and the capacity to induce interleukin-8 secretion by wild-type BFT and C-terminal deletion mutants showed that deletion of only 2 amino acid residues at the C terminus significantly reduced BFT biological activity and deletion of eight or more amino acid residues obliterated BFT biologic activity. Western blot and reverse transcription-PCR analyses indicated that BFT mutants lacking seven or fewer amino acid residues in the C-terminal region are processed and expressed similar to wild-type BFT. However, BFT mutants lacking eight or more amino acids at the C terminus are expressed similar to wild-type BFT but are unstable. We concluded that the C terminus of BFT is not tolerant of modest amino acid deletions, suggesting that it is biologically important for BFT activity.
Facile growth factor immobilization platform based on engineered phage matrices (2011)

Immobilized growth factors on tissue matrices play a critical role in controlling cell growth processes and cell morphology. We report a strategy for immobilizing growth factors on genetically engineered phage matrices for tissue regeneration. We modified M13 phages to express biotin-like peptides (HPQ) and/or integrin binding peptides (RGD) on their major and minor coat proteins. The resulting phages formed nanofibrous matrices that could easily immobilize growth factors FGFb and NGF. We demonstrated the synergistic roles of the growth factors and integrin binding peptides in controlling cell morphologies and growth. Our phage matrices, which can be easily functionalized with various ligands and growth factors, can be used as a convenient test bed for investigating the functions of various biochemical stimulants of numerous cell types.
Endogenous natriuretic factors 7: biospecificity of a natriuretic gamma-tocopherol metabolite LLU-alpha. (1997)

The structural elucidation and mechanism of action of a potential component, LLU-alpha, of what is possibly a multifactorial complex known as "natriuretic hormone" was recently reported [Wechter, W.J. et al. (1996a) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93: 6002-6007]. "Natriuretic hormone," a long-sought factor, is believed to regulate extracellular fluid volume and consequently be pathomimetic for hypertension, cirrhosis, congestive heart failure and other volume expanded states. The studies reported herein further characterize LLU-alpha. The precursor of the endogenous LLU-alpha was demonstrated to be gamma-tocopherol by radiolabeling studies. The pharmacokinetics of infused rac-LLU-alpha proved to be biphasic (half-lives: 12 min and 6 h). Specificity of the inhibition of the 70 pS potassium channel of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle was examined with the natural S-enantiomer being the most potent known inhibitor whereas the analogous alpha-tocopherol metabolite, rac-5-Me-LLU-alpha, showed no inhibition. Rac-LLU-alpha does not inhibit two isozymes of the Na+/K+-ATPase. LLU-alpha is natriuretic acting via inhibition of the 70 pS potassium channel and not Na+/K+-ATPase, the assumed mechanism of action of the "natriuretic hormone." LLU-alpha, a metabolite of a vitamin, if it were found to play a role in the regulation of extracellular fluid volume, would be the second example of a vitamin acting as a precursor for a hormone. Of considerable interest is the fact that this manuscript reports the first biological activity of gamma-tocopherol, a member of the vitamin E complex.
RT-level ITC'99 benchmarks and first ATPG results (2000)

New design flows require reducing work at the gate level and performing most activities before the synthesis step, including evaluation of testability of circuits. We propose a suite of RT-level benchmarks that help improve research in high-level ATPG tools. First results on the benchmarks obtained with our prototype tool show the feasibility of the approach.
The Influence of 3D Printing on Global Container Multimodal Transport System (2017)

Container multimodal transport system was an important promoter of postwar globalization. But in the future, part of global manufacturing may change from centralized to distributed due to 3D printing. To evaluate its impact, this research established a system dynamics model of sneakers supply chain firstly. The modeling showed that the total demand of international transport would decline after the application of 3D printing. For consumer country, the return of manufacturing would increase its container business. And that of producer country would reduce correspondingly. But for resource country, its resource exports would decline, while its container business may grow for the local processing of printing filaments. Secondly, the evaluations based on the data of Guangzhou port suggest that the 3D printing of sneakers was not enough to subvert the existing system. It would be broken only after the 3D printing of electrical products. By then, more manufacturing activities would transfer to the end of supply chain. On the other hand, producer country may actively respond to maintain its advantage in incumbent industrial pattern, such as Belt and Road initiative proposed by China. Deglobalization, caused by 3D printing, and globalization strengthening, caused by trade cooperation, will affect this system simultaneously.
Enhanced Stress Tolerance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> Expressing a Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase/Choline Dehydrogenase Fusion Protein (2002)

In Escherichia coli the osmoprotective compound glycine betaine is produced from choline by two enzymes; choline dehydrogenase (CDH) oxidizes choline to betaine aldehyde and then further on to glycine betaine, while betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) facilitates the conversion of betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine. To evaluate the importance of BADH, a BADH/CDH fusion enzyme was constructed and expressed in E. coli and in Nicotiana tabacum. The fusion enzyme displayed both enzyme activities, and a coupled reaction could be measured. The enzyme was characterized regarding molecular weight and the dependence of the enzyme activities on environmental factors (salt, pH, and poly(ethylene glycol) addition). At high choline concentrations, E. coli cells expressing BADH/CDH were able to grow to higher final densities and to accumulate more glycine betaine than cells expressing CDH only. The intracellular glycine betaine levels were almost 5-fold higher for BADH/CDH when product concentration was related to CDH activity. Also, after culturing the cells at high NaCl concentrations, more glycine betaine was accumulated. On medium containing 20 mM choline, transgenic tobacco plants expressing BADH/CDH grew considerably faster than vector-transformed control plants.
The response to deforestation and desertification in a model of West African monsoons (1997)

Since Charney proposed his theory on the dynamics of deserts and droughts in the Sahel [ Charney , 1975], there has been significant scientific interest in the interaction between vegetation and climate in this region. The essence of this interaction is that the atmospheric circulation, and therefore rainfall, over this region may be sensitive to changes in vegetation cover near the desert border. Here we describe simulations of the West African monsoons with a simple zonally‐symmetric model. The results suggest that the potential impact of human induced change of land cover on regional climate depends critically on the location of the change in vegetation cover. That is, desertification along the border with the Sahara ( e.g. , in Chad, Niger, Mali and Mauritania) leaves a relatively minor impact on monsoon circulation and regional rainfall; deforestation along the southern coast of West Africa ( e.g. , in Nigeria, Ghana and Ivory Coast) may result in complete collapse of monsoon circulation, and a significant reduction of regional rainfall.