gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bilingual Programs in Jaffna: An Appraisal (2014)

This paper tries to bring the actual practice of bilingual education in Jaffna schools. A research was undertaken in order to appraise the bilingual programs being conducted in the Jaffna schools, particularly in the post civil war scenario. The study looks into current situation of bilingual education programs in place in the two schools, Jaffna Hindu Ladies’ College (JHLC) and J/Vembadi High School (VGHC). A pilot study gave a lot of insights to focus on the key issues of the present study, and also it helped the researcher to develop research tools and decide the sample size. This study captured different perspectives of teachers and students from two schools and also the other socio-linguistic and socio-cultural factors that might have an impact on the effective operation of bilingual programs in Jaffna.
Age-related prevalence of antibody response against three different, defined Plasmodium falciparum antigens in children from the Haut-Ogooué province in Gabon (1989)

The kinetics of the humoral response to defined Plasmodium falciparum antigens was studied in 543 children, 1 month to 15 years old, living in an area endemic for malaria. The antigens used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were (i) the synthetic peptide (NANP)40 representing the immunodominant repeated region of the circumsporozoite protein, and (ii) the fusion peptide 31.1, representing the N-terminal portion of the 83 kDa polypeptide expressed at the surface of merozoites which is a processed product of the 190-200 kDa glycoprotein. In addition, glutaraldehyde-fixed infected red blood cells (RBC) were used to detect ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA) and unfixed infected RBC to detect intra-erythrocytic asexual form (IEF) antigens by immunofluorescence. In the 1 to 2 months age group, 50%, 26% and 21% of the children had antibodies for IEF, (NANP)40 and 31.1 respectively, but none had anti-RESA antibodies. The proportions of positive subjects decreased until 3 to 6 months and then increased progressively for the 4 antigens, approaching, but not reaching, adult values by the age of 15 years. Antibodies against specific antigens were acquired concomitantly. Children born from (NANP)40-positive mothers showed enhanced anti-(NANP)40 IgG responses.
Mode-locked oscillator arrays (1991)

The output characteristics of a linear array of oscillators are discussed. By arranging the output frequencies of each oscillator to give a spectrum of equally spaced components, a mode-locked system results, thereby producing short, high-power RF pulses. Promising results from a linear array of up to five elements are presented, with good theoretical agreement. The results presented suggest that it may be possible to generate high-power RF pulses with high-pulse repetition frequencies using planar arrays of devices. This quasi-optical array architecture is expected to scale up to the Terahertz frequency range using suitable devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The AD8 (2005)

The AD8 is a brief, sensitive measure that reliably differentiates between nondemented and demented individuals. Use of the AD8 in conjunction with a brief assessment of the participant could improve diagnostic accuracy in general practice.
Survival or Revival: Long-Term Preservation Induces a Reversible Viable but Non-Culturable State in Methane- Oxidizing Bacteria (2011)

Knowledge on long-term preservation of micro-organisms is limited and research in the field is scarce despite its importance for microbial biodiversity and biotechnological innovation. Preservation of fastidious organisms such as methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) has proven difficult. Most MOB do not survive lyophilization and only some can be cryopreserved successfully for short periods. A large-scale study was designed for a diverse set of MOB applying fifteen cryopreservation or lyophilization conditions. After three, six and twelve months of preservation, the viability (via live-dead flow cytometry) and culturability (via most-probable number analysis and plating) of the cells were assessed. All strains could be cryopreserved without a significant loss in culturability using 1 % trehalose in 10-fold diluted TSB (TT) as preservation medium and 5% DMSO as cryoprotectant. Several other cryopreservation and lyophilization conditions, all of which involved the use of TT medium, also allowed successful preservation but showed a considerable loss in culturability. We demonstrate here that most of these non-culturables survived preservation according to viability assessment indicating that preservation induces a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state in a significant fraction of cells. Since this state is reversible, these findings have major implications shifting the emphasis from survival to revival of cells in a preservation protocol. We showed that MOB
Protein 4.1: its association with the human erythrocyte membrane. (1984)

125I-labeled protein 4.1a and 4.1b have equal ability to reassociate with inside-out erythrocyte vesicles that were depleted of protein 4.1 in addition to other peripheral membrane proteins. The reassociation of 125I-labeled protein 4.1 to protein 4.1-depleted vesicles at 4 degrees C is salt dependent, pH dependent, and saturable with a Kd of 42-50 nM and an extrapolated maximal binding capacity of 120-140 micrograms of protein 4.1 bound per mg of vesicle protein or 60-70 micrograms of protein 4.1 bound per mg of ghost protein, correlating with the protein 4.1 content in the erythrocyte membrane (6-7% of the total membrane protein). Selective proteolytic cleavage of these vesicles with papain (5 micrograms/ml at 4 degrees C) eliminates greater than 60% of the high-affinity binding sites; therefore, we conclude that the interaction of protein 4.1 with the cytoplasmic membrane surface is through a specific high-affinity protein-protein association.
Smoking Alters Alveolar Macrophage Recognition and Phagocytic Ability (2007)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with defective efferocytosis (apoptosis and alveolar macrophage [AM] phagocytic function) that may lead to secondary necrosis and tissue damage. We investigated ex vivo AM phagocytic ability and recognition molecules (CD36, integrin alphaVbeta3, CD31, CD91, CD44) using flow cytometry. The transferrin receptor (CD71) was measured as an indicator of monocyte-macrophage differentiation in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Proliferation was assessed with Ki-67. Based on evidence of systemic involvement in COPD, blood from 17 current smokers and 25 ex-smokers with COPD, 22 healthy smokers, and 20 never-smoking control subjects was also investigated. BAL was collected from 10 to 16 subjects in each group. Levels of recognition molecules and cAMP were assessed after exposure of AM to cigarette smoke in vitro. The phagocytic ability of AM was significantly decreased in both COPD groups and in healthy smokers compared with control subjects. However, phagocytic capacity was better in subjects with COPD who had ceased smoking, compared with those who were still smoking. AM from current smokers with COPD and healthy smokers exhibited reduced CD31, CD91, CD44, and CD71, and enhanced Ki-67 compared with healthy never-smoker control subjects. There were no differences in these markers in AM from ex-smokers with COPD compared with control subjects, or in blood monocytes from any group. Suppressive effects of cigarette smoke on AM recognition molecules associated with an increase in cAMP were confirmed in vitro. Our data indicates that a smoking-related reduction in AM phagocytic ability and expression of several important recognition molecules may be at least partially normalized in those subjects with COPD who have ceased smoking.
Design issues in the implementation of versatile, high‐speed iterative decoders (2007)

Abstract The ever increasing demand for high data rate communication, and the use of radio resource management techniques requiring frame‐by‐frame adaptive coding/modulation to match user demands and channel conditions, pose a number of crucial problems to the design of versatile, high‐speed iterative decoders, for both turbo‐like and low‐density parity‐check codes. Among them, we mention: The modification of the Soft‐Input Soft‐Output (SISO) algorithm in a way that permits its implementation using several parallel processors working independently on segments of the received frame. The collisions in the process of reading/writing into/from the memory by the parallel processors. The design of prunable interleavers covering a wide range of information and/or code words lengths while keeping good spreading properties. The design of codes yielding a wide range of code rates with good performance for the range of probability of error of interest. The paper will touch all the previous points, offering state‐of‐the art solutions and examples showing their performance. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Engineering <i>Escherichia coli</i> for high-level production of propionate (2015)

Mounting environmental concerns associated with the use of petroleum-based chemical manufacturing practices has generated significant interest in the development of biological alternatives for the production of propionate. However, biological platforms for propionate production have been limited to strict anaerobes, such as Propionibacteria and select Clostridia. In this work, we demonstrated high-level heterologous production of propionate under microaerobic conditions in engineered Escherichia coli. Activation of the native Sleeping beauty mutase (Sbm) operon not only transformed E. coli to be propionogenic (i.e., propionate-producing) but also introduced an intracellular "flux competition" between the traditional C2-fermentative pathway and the novel C3-fermentative pathway. Dissimilation of the major carbon source of glycerol was identified to critically affect such "flux competition" and, therefore, propionate synthesis. As a result, the propionogenic E. coli was further engineered by inactivation or overexpression of various genes involved in the glycerol dissimilation pathways and their individual genetic effects on propionate production were investigated. Generally, knocking out genes involved in glycerol dissimilation (except glpA) can minimize levels of solventogenesis and shift more dissimilated carbon flux toward the C3-fermentative pathway. For optimal propionate production with high C3:C2-fermentative product ratios, glycerol dissimilation should be channeled through the respiratory pathway and, upon suppressed solventogenesis with minimal production of highly reduced alcohols, the alternative NADH-consuming route associated with propionate synthesis can be critical for more flexible redox balancing. With the implementation of various biochemical and genetic strategies, high propionate titers of more than 11 g/L with high yields up to 0.4 g-propionate/g-glycerol (accounting for ~50 % of dissimilated glycerol) were achieved, demonstrating the potential for industrial application. To our knowledge, this represents the most effective engineered microbial system for propionate production with titers and yields comparable to those achieved by anaerobic batch cultivation of various native propionate-producing strains of Propionibacteria.
CEBRAS: Cross elevation beam range ambiguity suppression for high-resolution wide-swath and MIMO-SAR imaging (2015)

In this paper we propose a new hybrid technique to suppress range ambiguities in spaceborne SAR systems with multiple elevation beams. First, conventional scan-on-receive (SCORE) is performed in real-time onboard the satellite by employing a set of dispersive beams that maximize the collected signal energy for each transmitted pulse. The range ambiguities are then removed in a second step by a joint processing of the signals collected by the multiple elevation beams. The suggested two-stage approach has the advantage that a more robust range ambiguity suppression, which may involve advanced nulling techniques to account for local topography as well as satellite attitude and instrument phase errors, can be performed on ground without tremendously increasing the onboard processing demands or the data downlink volume.
Neutrale und saure Alkaliformiate. Studien über die Löslichkeit der Salze. XI (1903)

Das in der Liisung verbliebene Titantetrachlorid bildet mit dem iiberschiissigen Phosphoroxychlorid eine sch6n krystallieirende, g e 1 b e Verbindung der Ztisammensetzung T i C l d .2P0 CIS.Man erhiilt dieselbe einfacher durch Zusammengeben der beiden Componenten, indem man einen Ueberschuss von Phosphoroxychlorid verweadet, welcter nachher im Vacuum wieder abdestillirt wird.So erhielten wir bei Anwendung von 3.43 g Titantetrachlorid 8.91 g der Doppelverbindung, wahrend sich im Destiliat nur Spuren Titan nachweiseri liessen.Die Verbindung ist gelb, schmilzt bei 107O und siedet bei 138"').
Endothelin-2 in Ovarian Follicle Rupture (2006)

The ovulatory process is activated by a surge of LH, a pituitary gonadotropin, which initiates a cohort of dramatic changes in biochemical, physical, and gene expression in the ovary, leading to follicle rupture and oocyte release. Here we report the identification of endothelin-2 (EDN2) as a last moment-trigger of follicle rupture. In the ovary, EDN2 is exclusively and transiently expressed in the granulosa cells immediately before ovulation. Administration of EDN2 to the ovarian tissue induced rapid contraction, whereas addition of tezosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, diminishes the EDN2 effect. In vivo, treatment of tezosentan before ovulation substantially decreases gonadotropin-induced superovulation. As a target tissue of EDN2 action, we identified a layer of smooth muscle cells in the follicular wall of each follicle. Taken together, our data indicate that EDN2 induces follicular rupture by constricting periovulatory follicles.
GeoSpace (1995)

This paper presents a reactive interface display which allows information seekers to explore complex information spaces. We have adopted information seeking dialogue as a fundamental model of interaction and implemented a prototype system in the mapping domain-GeoSpace-which progressively provides information upon a user's input queries. Domain knowledge is represented in a form of information presentation plan modules, and an activation spreading network technique is used to determine the relevance of information. The reactive nature of the activation spreading network, combined with visual design techniques, such as typography, color and transparency enables the system to support the information seeker in exploring the complex information space. The system also incorporates a simple learning mechanism which enables the system to adapt the display to a particular user's preferences. GeoSpace allows users to rapidly identify information in a dense display and it cali guide a users' attention in a fluid manner while preserving overall context.
A Random Peptide Library Fused to CCR5 for Selection of Mimetopes Expressed on the Mammalian Cell Surface via Retroviral Vectors (2005)

A random peptide library was expressed on the surface of a mammalian cell by applying retroviral vectors. The random sequence was fused to the CCR5 chemokine receptor, which served as a scaffold to present the library at the cell surface. We used this library to isolate an epitope mimetope in a proof of principle system. This approach can become a tool for rapid creation of peptidic expression domains in a eukaryotic environment. Applications include the creation of decoys for receptors in cell-cell interactions, screening for molecules that drive ligand expression on target cells in two-cell interaction screens, among other utilities.
Learning from Corrupted Binary Labels via Class-Probability Estimation (2015)

Many supervised learning problems involve learning from samples whose labels are corrupted in some way. For example, each sample may have some constant probability of being incorrectly labelled (learning with label noise), or one may have a pool of unlabelled samples in lieu of negative samples (learning from positive and unlabelled data). This paper uses class-probability estimation to study these and other corruption processes belonging to the mutually contaminated distributions framework (Scott et al., 2013), with three conclusions. First, one can optimise balanced error and AUC without knowledge of the corruption process parameters. Second, given estimates of the corruption parameters, one can minimise a range of classification risks. Third, one can estimate the corruption parameters using only corrupted data. Experiments confirm the efficacy of class-probability estimation in learning from corrupted labels
Developments of NEWUOA for minimization without derivatives (2008)

The NEWUOA software is described briefly, with some numerical results that show good efficiency and accuracy in the unconstrained minimization without derivatives of functions of up to 320 variables. Some preliminary work on an extension of NEWUOA that allows simple bounds on the variables is also described. It suggests a variation of a technique in NEWUOA for maintaining adequate linear independence in the interpolation conditions that are used, which leads to five versions of the technique including the original one. Numerical experiments suggest that the new versions have some merit, but the details of the calculations are influenced strongly by computer rounding errors. The dependence of the number of iterations on the number of interpolation conditions is also investigated numerically. A surprising case with n = 160 is found, n being the number of variables, where the number of iterations is reduced when the number of conditions is decreased from 2n + 1 to n + 6. The given conclusions may assist the development of some new software for unconstrained optimization.
Mesoporous Crystalline β‐MnO<sub>2</sub>—a Reversible Positive Electrode for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (2007)

Mesoporous β-MnO2 (rutile structure) with a highly ordered pore structure (see figure) and highly crystalline walls is capable of reversibly accommodating lithium, up to a composition of Li0.92MnO2 (equivalent to a charge storage of 284 mA h g–1). Remarkably, the crystal structure and the ordered mesostructure are preserved after many cycles (Li intercalation/deintercalation).
Optimal Path Smoothing using Clothoids for Autonomous Vehicles in the Quarry Environment (2017)

Autonomous vehicles are a rapidly growing field and will play an important role in future society. The introduction of autonomous machines in the quarry environment increases safety in the hazardous working conditions and reduces the risk of accidents caused by human error. By making the machine electric and autonomous it will also improve the fuel efficiency and reduces carbon emission. The results of this thesis are developed within the electric site project which is lead by Volvo Construction Equipment in Eskilstuna, Sweden. The goal is to transform the quarry and aggregates with the help of the introduction of electric hybrid autonomous machines which is predicted to result in reduced carbon emission by up to 95% .This thesis address the problem of path planning noisy curvatures of the paths that are calculated using coordinates recorded from a manual driven vehicle. This makes the control algorithm for the autonomous vehicle hard to implement. The purpose in this thesis is to develop a procedure to describe paths and smooth those so the curvature becomes smooth and drivable for an autonomous load carrier. To smooth the paths, we use the concept of clothoids which are curves with linear varying curvature. Clothoids are widely used in road design because of its smoothness properties. We solve the smoothing problem by formulating it as an optimization problem where we minimize the number of clothoid segments to avoid unnecessary noisy curvature variations. The results are successful and we are able to produce feasible paths for two test tracks Volvo Construction Equipment uses. We also create a Graphical User Interface in MATLAB to facilitate the creation of the clothoid-based paths from recorded GPS coordinates
The Chemical Composition of the Sun (1976)

The discussion of the chemical composition of the sun includes the basic methods of analysis, a table of solar elemental abundances, and the particularly difficult problems of the abundances of helium and iron. (JFP)
A novel naphthyridinone synthesis via enamine cyclization (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel naphthyridinone synthesis via enamine cyclizationJ. J. Baldwin, K. Mensler, and G. S. PonticelloCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 25, 4878–4880Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00419a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00419a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views959Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Achieving High Spatial Resolution Surface Plasmon Resonance Microscopy with Image Reconstruction (2017)

Surface plasmon resonance microscopy (SPRM) is a powerful platform for biomedical imaging and molecular binding kinetics analysis. However, the spatial resolution of SPRM along the plasmon propagation direction (longitudinal) is determined by the decaying length of the plasmonic wave, which can be as large as tens of microns. Different methods have been proposed to improve the spatial resolution, but each at the expense of decreased sensitivity or temporal resolution. Here we present a method to achieve high spatial resolution SPRM based on deconvolution of complex field. The method does not require additional optical setup and improves the spatial resolution in the longitudinal direction. We applied the method to image nanoparticles and achieved close-to-diffraction limit resolution in both longitudinal and transverse directions.