gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Living liquid crystals (2014)

Collective motion of self-propelled organisms or synthetic particles, often termed "active fluid," has attracted enormous attention in the broad scientific community because of its fundamentally nonequilibrium nature. Energy input and interactions among the moving units and the medium lead to complex dynamics. Here, we introduce a class of active matter--living liquid crystals (LLCs)--that combines living swimming bacteria with a lyotropic liquid crystal. The physical properties of LLCs can be controlled by the amount of oxygen available to bacteria, by concentration of ingredients, or by temperature. Our studies reveal a wealth of intriguing dynamic phenomena, caused by the coupling between the activity-triggered flow and long-range orientational order of the medium. Among these are (i) nonlinear trajectories of bacterial motion guided by nonuniform director, (ii) local melting of the liquid crystal caused by the bacteria-produced shear flows, (iii) activity-triggered transition from a nonflowing uniform state into a flowing one-dimensional periodic pattern and its evolution into a turbulent array of topological defects, and (iv) birefringence-enabled visualization of microflow generated by the nanometers-thick bacterial flagella. Unlike their isotropic counterpart, the LLCs show collective dynamic effects at very low volume fraction of bacteria, on the order of 0.2%. Our work suggests an unorthodox design concept to control and manipulate the dynamic behavior of soft active matter and opens the door for potential biosensing and biomedical applications.
Electrically Tunable Organic Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (2015)

Using solvent-free composite membrane transfer, we demonstrate an electrically tunable organic visible light-emitting laser with reversible tuning range of 10 nm under 6 V actuation. Large-area scalability of utilized fabrication methods suggests potential use in all-optical pressure-sensing surfaces.
Reduction of carbon monoxide and dioxide by metal carbonyls on a pyrolysed polymeric support (1988)

A heterogeneous catalyst consisting of Ru3(CO)12 supported on pyrolysed polyacrylonitrile (PPAN) has been employed in the Fischer–Tropsch reaction and in the methanation of CO2; a comparison between 2% Ru/PPAN and 2% Ru/Al2O3 shows a significantly different product distribution, with the former having improved selectivity for small molecular weight products.
Critical Experiments for the Brookhaven Pulsed Fast Reactor Study (1972)

AbstractMeasurements using a fast critical assembly were performed in conjunction with the Brookhaven Fast Research Reactor Study. Cores made of highly enriched uranium, stainless steel, and aluminum, reflected mostly by stainless steel were used to obtain broad survey information, and, concurrently, to test the preliminary theoretical model. Quantities measured included critical mass, characteristics of movable reflector blocks, prompt neutron lifetime, worth of materials in potential control positions, neutron yield for a given power, and moderator block characteristics; the first three of these have been compared with calculations.
Demand side management using expert system (2004)

Electricity supply is essential for any economic growth. The electric demand growth requires an increase of the installed capacity to meet consumption. An alternative is the better use of installed capacity. Demand side management (DSM) has been increasingly adopted by utilities as a subroutine for huge investments and as a method for resource use optimization. DSM is the ability of a grid to continue normal operation despite unplanned causalities to the operating equipment, known as contingencies. The DSM is essentially concerned with predicting the vulnerability of the current state (normal) to a set of postulated next contingencies. The system operates in three different states normal, emergency and restorative states. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) based expert system procedures have been adopted for the grid management problem. An expert system (ES) is a computer application that solves complicated problems that would otherwise require extensive human expertise. To do so, it simulates the human reasoning process by applying specific knowledge and inferences. The system is not case oriented. It is composed of a main module, which, based on a set of rules, selects one of many possible solutions to perform DSM. The system has been tested using data from different industrial, residential and commercial applications.
Zeolitization of diatomite to prepare hierarchical porous zeolite materials through a vapor-phase transport process (2002)

In this study, we report a new, simple approach to the preparation of hierarchical structured zeolites through transforming the diatomaceous silica into zeolite by a vapor-phase transport (VPT) method. The morphology and macro-porosity of the diatomite are well preserved even in the samples with zeolite content higher than 50%. The products possess high mechanical strength and hydrothermal stability, and are thus promising for application in catalysis, adsorption and separation. The influence of the zeolite structures, the amount of adsorbed seeds, and the VPT treatment time and temperature on the crystallinity of the resulting materials are discussed. Powder XRD, SEM, TEM, IR and N2 adsorption–desorption measurements are employed to monitor the VPT treatment process.
A courseware package for iterative design of FIR digital filters (2002)

A computer algorithm written in BASIC is presented for the realization of a finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter designed using the Fourier series method. This method produces a linear-phase FIR filter of length L subject to an idealized geometry which assumes the passband is flat, the transition band is zero, and the stopband has infinite attenuation. The design technique allows the user to specify the minimum stopband attenuation (in dB). The resulting amplitude response is displayed on the terminal screen with the desired attenuation identified by a horizontal line throughout the stopband. The user either can modify L or insert/change the window function until the response is acceptable. The program is written for use with a personal computer and does not require a graphics board. The digital filter design package converts the Fourier series design algorithm from a hit-and-miss proposition to an iterative procedure which provides reasonable solutions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Taxonomy and Analysis of Camera Calibration Methods for Traffic Monitoring Applications (2010)

Many vision-based automatic traffic-monitoring systems require a calibrated camera to compute the speeds and length-based classifications of tracked vehicles. A number of techniques, both manual and automatic, have been proposed for performing such calibration, but no study has yet focused on evaluating the relative strengths of these different alternatives. We present a taxonomy for roadside camera calibration that not only encompasses the existing methods (VVW, VWH, and VWL) but also includes several novel methods (VVH, VVL, VLH, VVD, VWD, and VHD). We also introduce an overconstrained (OC) approach that takes into account all the available measurements, resulting in reduced error and overcoming the inherent ambiguity in single-vanishing-point solutions. This important but oft-neglected ambiguity has not received the attention that it deserves; we analyze it and propose several ways of overcoming it. Our analysis includes the relative tradeoffs between two-vanishing-point solutions, single-vanishing-point solutions, and solutions that require the distance to the road to be known. The various methods are compared using simulations and experiments with real images, showing that methods that use a known length generally outperform the others in terms of error and that the OC method reduces errors even further.
Antimalarials. 5. 2-Aryl-6-trifluoromethy-1-4-pyridinemethanols (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntimalarials. 5. 2-Aryl-6-trifluoromethy-1-4-pyridinemethanolsM. P. LaMontagne, A. Markovac, and M. S. AoCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 9, 1040–1041Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00267a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00267a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of tubulin self-assembly and tubulin-colchicine GTPase activity by guanosine 5'-(.gamma.-fluorotriphosphate) (1987)

The inhibitory effects of guanosine 5'-(gamma-fluorotriphosphate) [GTP(gamma F)] on both the polymerization and the colchicine-dependent GTPase activity of calf brain tubulin have been studied. The results demonstrate that this analogue of GTP, with a fluorine atom on the gamma-phosphate, is a reversible competitive dead-end inhibitor of the colchicine-induced GTPase activity with a K1 value of (1.8 +/- 0.6) X 10(-4) M. GTP(gamma F) did not promote assembly of tubulin from which the E-site guanine nucleotide had been removed. It binds to the exchangeable nucleotide site competitively with respect to GTP, diminishing both the rate and extent of tubulin polymerization. Treatment in terms of the Oosawa-Kasai model of the inhibitory effect of GTP(gamma F) on the assembly led to a value of Kdis = 1.1 X 10(-6) M for the complex GTP(gamma F)-tubulin. This analogue does not bind to the postulated third site. The growing of tubulin polymers at 37 degrees C was arrested by GTP(gamma F), and only limited depolymerization was induced by the addition of this analogue after assembly in the presence of GTP. This result confirms that the E-site is blocked in the polymer and that this analogue can bind only to the ends of the polymers. Sedimentation velocity and circular dichroism studies showed that the conformation of the tubulin-GTP(gamma F) complex is not identical with that of tubulin-GTP. This is caused by the replacement of the hydroxyl group in the gamma-phosphate by the fluorine group, which have 2.20- and 1.35-A van der Waals radii, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Progress in composite structure and space construction systems technology (1981)

The development of deployable and fabricated composite trusses for large space structures by NASA and private industry is reviewed. Composite materials technology is discussed with a view toward fabrication processes and the characteristics of finished truss beams. Advances in roll-forming open section caps from graphite-composite strip material and new ultrasonic welding techniques are outlined. Vacuum- and gravity-effect test results show that the ultrasonic welding of graphite-thermoplastic materials in space is feasible. The structural characteristics of a prototype truss segment are presented. A new deployable graphite-composite truss with high packaging density for broad application to large space platforms is described.
Glutaraldehyde Fixation Chemistry A Scheme for Rapid Crosslinking and Evidence for Rapid Oxygen Consumption (1985)

The chemical literature suggests that pyridine derivatives are the major reaction products of amine-aldehyde reactions. A scheme is proposed for pyridine synthesis which is derived from a classic synthesis of pyridines from one amine molecule and 3 aldehyde molecules. The pyridine polymers are considered as a major class of cross-links in glutaraldehyde fixed cells. This scheme for pyridine synthesis accounts for the following observations of amine-glutaraldehyde react ions: 1) large quantities of acid are rapidly produced, 2) oxygen uptake occurs at a high rate, 3) a variety of products distinguished by molecular size are rapidly and irreversibly synthesized, and 4) the major reaction products share physical and chemical characteristics with highly substituted pyridine compounds. When formaldehyde is added to glutaraldehyde-amine reactions, oxygen uptake is sharply reduced and the product spectrum is changed in a complex manner. Formaldehyde may thus have an entirely different role in the mixed glutaraldehyde-form-aldehyde fixatives than has previously been suggested.
Lipid Lowering Drugs in Atherosclerosis—the HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (1989)

Arteriosclerosis, particularly coronary heart disease, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in many areas of the world. Elevated cholesterol, particularly LDL-cholesterol, has been shown to be one of the major modifiable factors in reducing coronary events. Standard hypolipidemic therapies include resin, fibrates and niacin. This review emphasizes a significant new therapeutic class of hypolipidemic agents, namely the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. These are potent cholesterol lowering agents. Lovastatin is the first agent of this class to receive clinical approval in the U.S.A. Simvastatin, an analog of lovastatin, is also approved in several countries. Both these agents are administered as lactones and hydrolyzed to the open acid forms. Another HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor pravastatin has recently been filed for registration in several countries. A fourth compound (SRI-62-320) which is currently in clinical investigation is a totally synthetic structure. If long-term safety remains good and clinical efficacy as demonstrated by reduction of cardiovascular events is proven, the HMG-CoA reductase class of agents will be a significant advance in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Tannins and related compounds. XCII. Isolation and characterization of cyanogenic ellagitannins, aleurinins A and B, and a related O-glycosidic ellagitannin, aleurinin C, from Aleurites fordii Hemsley. (1990)

A chemical examination of the tannin ingredients in the leaves of the wood oil tree, Aleurites fordii HEMSLEY (Euphorbiaceae), has led to the isolation of three new ellagitannins named aleurinins A (4), B(5) and C(6), together with corilagin (1), geraniin (2) and chebulagic acid (3). on the basis of chemical and spectroscpic evidence, the structures of aleurinins A (4) and B (5) have been established as ellagitannins possessing a novel cyanopropylene alcohol glucoside core, while aleurinin C (6) has been characterized as an ellagitannin based on a hydroxyacetone glucoside core.
Fast Adaptive Thermal Camouflage Based on Flexible VO<sub>2</sub>/Graphene/CNT Thin Films (2015)

Adaptive camouflage in thermal imaging, a form of cloaking technology capable of blending naturally into the surrounding environment, has been a great challenge in the past decades. Emissivity engineering for thermal camouflage is regarded as a more promising way compared to merely temperature controlling that has to dissipate a large amount of excessive heat. However, practical devices with an active modulation of emissivity have yet to be well explored. In this letter we demonstrate an active cloaking device capable of efficient thermal radiance control, which consists of a vanadium dioxide (VO2) layer, with a negative differential thermal emissivity, coated on a graphene/carbon nanotube (CNT) thin film. A slight joule heating drastically changes the emissivity of the device, achieving rapid switchable thermal camouflage with a low power consumption and excellent reliability. It is believed that this device will find wide applications not only in artificial systems for infrared camouflage or cloaking but also in energy-saving smart windows and thermo-optical modulators.
Effect of semiconductor laser phase noise on BER performance in an optical DPSK heterodyne-type experiment (1982)

We report the first experimental investigation of the effect of laser-diode phase noise on the error-rate performance in a PSK heterodyne differential detection fibre communication experiment. A newly designed AlGaAs laser emitter with adjustable linewidth is used as both the signal carrier and the local oscillator. Error rate is measured for 25 Mbit/s and 50 Mbit/s signals at an intermediate frequency of 250 MHz, and a BER (bit error rate) of 10−10 has been achieved.
[A dose-comparative study on TAP-144-SR, an LH-RH agonist depot formulation, in premenopausal patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer. TAP-144-SR Breast Cancer Study Group]. (1995)

A comparative phase II study was performed with different doses of TAP-144-SR in ER-positive or ER-unknown premenopausal patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer. One hundred and six patients were randomly allocated to either 3.75 mg or 7.5 mg treatment by a centralized telephone registration system. TAP-144-SR was administered sc at 4-week intervals for 12 weeks (a total of 3 injections). Ninety-five cases were evaluated with the response rate of 30.4% (14/46) in the 3.75 mg group and 24.5% (12/49) in the 7.5 mg group, respectively. Serum estradiol was decreased to postmenopausal level (< 30 pg/ml) within 3-4 weeks after the first dose in the both dose groups, and this suppression was maintained throughout the treatment period. The adverse reactions most frequently observed were climacteric disturbances like hot flashes which was likely to be due to the hypoestrogen status. In conclusion, there was no significant difference between both dose groups in terms of response rates, adverse effects, and hormonal suppression. Therefore, the lower dose is recommended for the further study.
<title>Wavelet transform methods for geophysical applications</title> (1993)

Wavelet transform method found their origin as an analysis tool for examining scattering of seismic waves. In the last few years, they have proven useful and popular in many fields. Wavelet analysis can characterize temporal or spatial behavior of geophysical signals. They can filter, remove unwanted signals such as ground rolls, or enhance data; can be used to detect specific events; and can be used to compress data. Applications of wavelet transform methods to a variety of geophysical problems are briefly described from the mathematical point of view and illustrated by several examples.
Objective assessment of limb tissue elasticity: development of a manual indentation procedure (1999)

Rehabilitation Engineering Centre
Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie. (1954)

In the four years since the publication of the 11th edition of this intermediate text, enough has been published in the field of organic chemistry to warrant a 12th edition. Revision on the new edition is extensive, even though the main outlines of the work are unchanged. A section on electronic theory of organic reactions has been added, the tables that were in the back of the book have been dropped, and a larger page size is used. Persons who do not read German with ease may wish to wait for the English translation, but the German is simple. As in the past, the book is printed well, is bound sturdily, and is thoroughly indexed. Great emphasis is again placed on alkaloids, dyes, polymers, and compounds of interest to biochemists and pharmacologists—carotenes, vitamins, sex hormones and other hormones, and bile acids.
Atlas of Maine: Conserved Lands and Biophysical Regions (2015)

Map showing an overlay of Maines conserved lands and biophysical regions. This gives the viewer a sense of the amount of land conserved in each of Maines unique habitats. Rivers and lakes giver the viewer a sense of orientation, as do the surrounding lands, ocean and inset map. Data was gathered from: http://www.maine.gov/megis/catalog/ Only larger lakes and rivers are labeled to provide label clarity and avoid an information overload. A hillshade layer gives the map texture. The conserved lands are shown with a semi-transparent white fill.
Cellular Mechanisms of Mutant Connexins in Skin Disease and Hearing Loss (2003)

It has been demonstrated that distinct germline mutations within four connexin (Cx) genes, Cx26, Cx30, Cx31, and Cx30.3, underlie hearing loss and/or epidermal disease. Here, we describe two Cx26 mutations associated with skin disease. With the goal of understanding the mechanism(s) of Cx-associated human disease and how different mutations within the same Cx protein can result in different disorders, we performed a number of functional analyses investigating the cellular effects of disease-associated Cx mutations in keratinocytes and other cell types. Epidermal disease-associated proteins studied were primarily cytoplasmic with limited trafficking ability. FACS analysis of WT and mutant EGFP-Cx31 transfected keratinocytes revealed a high percentage of cell death associated with the skin disease-associated mutant Cx31 proteins.
Effects of Nocloprost on Gastric Functions in Man (1991)

Previous studies in animals and humans demonstrated that nocloprost, a stable prostaglandin E2 analogue, shows very high gastroprotective potency, relatively weak gastric inhibitory activity, and low systemic bioavailability after oral administration. In this study the effects of nocloprost on gastric acid secretion and intraluminal pH and on gastric emptying and plasma gastrin levels were determined in humans. Nocloprost at doses of 50 and 100 micrograms was ineffective, but at a dose of 200 micrograms it reduced the response to pentagastrin significantly and that to a peptone meal by 30-50% and abolished plasma gastrin response without affecting the rate of gastric emptying. Nocloprost given at a dose of 100 micrograms three times daily 30 min before the major meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) did not affect intragastric pH significantly as monitored by continuous intraluminal pH-metry. We conclude that nocloprost does not affect gastric acid secretion or intraluminal pH when applied at a dose (50-100 micrograms) that is gastroprotective and that is proposed for peptic ulcer therapy. A higher dose (200 micrograms) of nocloprost causes moderate gastric acid inhibition and suppression of plasma gastrin release without affecting gastric emptying or causing any side effects.