gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stages of Carcinoma Breast at Presentation in Rural Bangladeshi Women (1970)

Carcinoma breast is the leading cause death from cancer in women between 20-59 years.. The slow natural history makes it a potentially curable disease if presented early. Unfortunately the rural women in Bangladesh frequently present with late carcinoma breast. The objective of this study is to find out the stages of the disease when presented for the first time to a qualified doctor. The study shows that about 43% of our womenfolk present with late stage when the prognosis in terms of survival rate is not so optimistic. Even when they present with early breast cancer, most of them are at stage II. There is scope to improve the scenario by educating them on screening of breast carcinoma by self examination, mammogeusly, avoidance of risk factors and advantages of FNAC & biopsy from any breat lump. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v3i1.10106 AKMMCJ 2012; 3(1): 10-12
Jahresbericht über die Arbeiten für physiologische Botanik im Jahre 1844 und 1845 (1846)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
The inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase by URB602 showed an anti‐inflammatory and anti‐nociceptive effect in a murine model of acute inflammation (2007)

The present report highlighted the ability of the selective MAGL inhibitor, URB602, to prevent and treat an acute inflammatory disease without producing adverse psychoactive effects. The data presented herein also contributed to clarify the physiological role of 2-AG in respect to inflammatory reactions, suggesting its protective role in the body.
Effects of S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine upon Ischemia-Induced Brain Edema in Mongolian Gerbils and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (1988)

Effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe)-2 sulphate·tosylate upon the ischemia-induced brain edema and survival rate in Mongolian gerbils and spontaneously hypertensive rats were investigated, since SAMe is known to be important as a physiologically active substance in numerous metabolic processes including those that are inhibited in ischemia. SAMe suppressed increases in water and Na+ content in the ischemic brain which was produced by ligation of the common carotid artery for a short term (20–30 min) in Mongolian gerbils. This ameliorating effect of SAMe was observed dose-dependently at higher doses than 100 mg/kg administered repeatedly every 0.5 or 1 hr, starting within 2 hr, at least, after the reperfusion. Similar effects were also obtained in spontaneously hypertensive rats whose common carotid artery on both sides were ligated permanently. SAMe also increased survival rate in Mongolian gerbils with ischemic brain. Although the SAMe solution employed in the present experiments was hypertonic and contained mannitol as a filler, the beneficial effects were due to neither the hypertonicity of the solution nor mannitol, but due to SAMe itself.
Multiterabit/s DWDM Terrestrial Transmission With Bandwidth-Limiting Optical Filtering (2004)

Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) systems based on 40-Gb/s channel bit rate appear as likely successors of current widespread N/spl times/10 Gb/s systems. However, they will provide larger throughputs than N/spl times/10 Gb/s systems only if some specific techniques are implemented, so as to improve the utilization ratio of the optical bandwidth, namely, the information spectral density (ISD). Narrow optical filtering is one such technique. Based on a review of some of our multiterabit/second transmission experiments in terrestrial configurations, we highlight the benefits of optical filtering to reshape the channel spectra. First, we show that vestigial sideband (VSB) narrow filtering of nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) data makes 0.64-bit/s/Hz ISD possible over long-haul and ultra-long distances, provided that a specific wavelength allocation scheme is implemented. Using this scheme, a record 10-Tb/s capacity is demonstrated over 300 km by applying different data along each of the two polarization axes. However, along a single polarization axis and when channels are packed closer with NRZ-VSB filtering, at 0.8-bit/s/Hz ISD, nonlinear interactions between channels affect system performance and reduce the maximum error-free distance. We show that these interactions can be contained, still using narrow optical filtering, but by resorting to an alternative modulation format, namely, phase-shaped binary transmission.
Annealing and recrystallization of amorphous silicon carbide produced by ion implantation (1998)

The annealing behavior of amorphous SiC layers produced by MeV Si implantation into 6H–SiC has been investigated systematically by means of step height measurements, x-ray diffraction, and optical microscopy. Two annealing stages are found. Each of them causes a specific densification of the amorphous layer. At temperatures between 250 and 700 °C both the rapidity and the low activation energy (184 meV) of the densification suggest that defect annealing processes are responsible for densification. Partial crystallization and changes of the amorphous network structure can be excluded as a possible reason for low temperature densification. Annealing at temperatures above 700 °C is characterized by a combination of defect annealing and recrystallization. The crystallization kinetics is analyzed in terms of the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami theory. It is shown that the crystallization mode changes with increasing temperature from nucleated growth at 800 °C to epitaxial growth at 1000 °C. The recrystallization generates stress in the layer which leads to surface cracking if the layer exceeds a critical thickness.
On the Well Posedness and Refined Estimates for the Global Attractor of the TYC Model (2010)

The Trojan Y Chromosome strategy (TYC) is a theoretical method for eradication of invasive species. It requires constant introduction of artificial individuals into a target population, causing a shift in the sex ratio that ultimately leads to local extinction. In this work we demonstrate the existence of a unique weak solution to the infinite dimensional TYC system. Furthermore, we obtain improved estimates on the upper bounds for the Hausdorff and fractal dimensions of the global attractor of the TYC system, via the use of weighted Sobolev spaces. These results confirm that the TYC eradication strategy is a sound theoretical method of eradication of invasive species in a spatial setting. It also provides a solid ground for experiments in silico and validates the use of the TYC strategy in vivo.
A porous silicon diode as a source of low-energy free electrons at milli-Kelvin temperatures (2005)

We have developed a porous silicon (PS) diode that yields free-electron currents with energies &lt;0.1eV below 77 K. The power dissipated during emission is low so that pulses of electrons can be produced below 100 mK without raising the temperature of the system. Free electrons were generated in liquid He4 and He3 as well. The device was developed as a source of electrons for a quantum computing system using electrons on the surface of a dielectric film. The results suggest that a Poole-Frenkel type of mechanism accounts for the observed electric-field-enhanced conduction but the electron emission mechanism is not well understood in the present models of PS.
Digital implementation of frequency division multiplexing on peak-limited channels (2003)

The authors present a coding/modulation scheme with design criteria to deal with the peak power constraint on Fourier transform division multiplexing (FTDM). They clip the transmitted signal at some prescribed limit to preserve linearity and base the design on an estimate of the statistics of the errors due to clipping. They have tested these schemes on simulated data with good results. The authors comment on the performance of these schemes and how it relates to the shape of the channel response.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Service-oriented middleware for hybrid environments (2006)

This paper discusses the challenges facing hybrid, dynamic environments with regard to handling stateful resources and contextual interactions and describes strategies we have and are developing to enable applications to exist in these diverse environments. In particular we describe how combining Grid computing and Web services technologies with Peer-to-Peer technologies can be used to create flexible and dynamic Service Oriented Architectures that support stateful interactions in a loosely coupled way. We describe WSPeer, a SOAP based middleware that enables sophisticated message exchanges in Peer-to-Peer environments, and introduce WSKPeer, a micro-edition of WSPeer currently under development.
Hydrolysis of the 5‘-<i>p</i>-Nitrophenyl Ester of TMP by the Proofreading Exonuclease (ε) Subunit of <i>Escherichia coli</i> DNA Polymerase III (2002)

The core of DNA polymerase III, the replicative polymerase in Escherichia coli, consists of three subunits (alpha, epsilon, and theta). The epsilon subunit is the 3'-5' proofreading exonuclease that associates with the polymerase (alpha) through its C-terminal region and theta through a 185-residue N-terminal domain (epsilon 186). A spectrophotometric assay for measurement of epsilon activity is described. Proteins epsilon and epsilon 186 and the epsilon 186.theta complex catalyzed the hydrolysis of the 5'-p-nitrophenyl ester of TMP (pNP-TMP) with similar values of k(cat) and K(M), confirming that the N-terminal domain of epsilon bears the exonuclease active site, and showing that association with theta has little direct effect on the chemistry occurring at the active site of epsilon. On the other hand, formation of the complex with theta stabilized epsilon 186 by approximately 14 degrees C against thermal inactivation. For epsilon 186, k(cat) = 293 min(-)(1) and K(M) = 1.08 mM at pH 8.00 and 25 degrees C, with a Mn(2+) concentration of 1 mM. Hydrolysis of pNP-TMP by epsilon 186 depended absolutely on divalent metal ions, and was inhibited by the product TMP. Dependencies on Mn(2+) and Mg(2+) concentrations were examined, giving a K(Mn) of 0.31 mM and a k(cat) of 334 min(-1) for Mn(2+) and a K(Mg) of 6.9 mM and a k(cat) of 19.9 min(-1) for Mg(2+). Inhibition by TMP was formally competitive [K(i) = 4.3 microM (with a Mn(2+) concentration of 1 mM)]. The pH dependence of pNP-TMP hydrolysis by epsilon 186, in the pH range of 6.5-9.0, was found to be simple. K(M) was essentially invariant between pH 6.5 and 8.5, while k(cat) depended on titration of a single group with a pK(a) of 7.7, approaching limiting values of 50 min(-1) at pH <6.5 and 400 min(-1) at pH >9.0. These data are used in conjunction with crystal structures of the complex of epsilon 186 with TMP and two Mn(II) ions bound at the active site to develop insights into the mechanisms of pNP-TMP hydrolysis by epsilon at high and low pH values.
Traffic steering in software defined networks (2014)

Middleboxes have become ubiquitous in data center as well as wide area networks. Simple routing of flows from ingress to egress along shortest paths has been replaced by policy aware paths that have to pass through the required set of middleboxes. The complex routing is one of the major impetus for the Software Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm. In this paper, we consider both offline planning and online routing problems in SDN framework. The offline planning problem is one where aggregate demands are specified and the objective is to determine whether there is enough capacity in the network to handle the demands. We develop a fast FPTAS for the problem based on segmentation and lazy dual update. In the online routing problem, flow requests are given one at a time and the objective is to steer the flows to maximize the total amount of traffic accepted over time. We develop a log-competitive algorithm based on time-dependent duals.
RNA in human sperm (2005)

We have yet to develop a fundamental understanding of the molecular complexities of human spermatozoa. This encompasses the unique packaging and structure of the sperm genome along with their paternally derived RNAs in preparation for their delivery to the egg. The diversity of these transcripts is vast, including several anti-sense molecules resembling known regulatory micro-RNAs. The field is still grasping with its delivery to the oocyte at fertilization and possible significance. It remains tempting to analogize them to maternally-derived transcripts active in early embryo patterning. Irrespective of their role in the embryo, their use as a means to assess male factor infertility is promising.
Light-management in ultra-thin polythiophene films using plasmonic monopole nanoantennas (2012)

Deposition of vertical, cone-shaped plasmonic nanorod arrays onto sub-50 nm polythiophene films on Ag substrates is shown to result in significant absorption enhancement (&gt;12 at the polythiophene band edge) and spectral broadening (more than 250 nm increase) relative to polythiophene/Ag films without plasmonic nanorod arrays. Full-field electromagnetic simulations are used to identify the modes of the plasmonic nanorod array/polythiophene/Ag film system. Both gap modes and longitudinal monopole antenna modes give rise to highly localized electric fields in the polythiophene film and are the primary contributors to polythiophene absorption enhancement. This approach is suitable for large area optoelectronic applications where light management in ultrathin active layers is desired.
Comparison of Solvent-Cast and Hot-Pressed P(EO)[sub 20]LiN(SO[sub 2]CF[sub 2]CF[sub 3])[sub 2] Polymer Electrolytes Containing Nanosized SiO[sub 2] (2005)

Solvent-cast and hot-pressed (LiBETI) polymer electrolytes containing ceramic fillers such as 7 nm and 2-4 μm were prepared. The ionic conductivity and interfacial stability of these poly(ethylene oxide) electrolytes were investigated. The addition of ceramic fillers to solvent-cast and hot-pressed polymer electrolytes did not result in any substantial improvement of ionic conductivity. However, solvent-cast -containing polymer electrolytes showed a much higher interfacial resistance and Li stripping overvoltage than hot-pressed and filler-free solvent-cast electrolytes. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Silver(I)−Polynitrile Network Solids for Anion Exchange:  Anion-Induced Transformation of Supramolecular Structure in the Crystalline State (2000)

Novel supramolecular solids whose topologies depend on the counteranion, [Ag(C14H20N6)(NO3)] (1), [Ag(C14H20N6)]CF3SO3 (2), and [Ag(C14H20N6)]ClO4 (3), have been prepared by the self-assembly of AgX (X = NO3-, CF3SO3-, and ClO4-) with ethylenediaminetetrapropionitrile (EDTPN, C14H20N6). X-ray crystal structures indicate that compounds 1−3 are a 1-D coordination polymer, a 2-D layer, and a boxlike 2-D network, respectively. In 1, 2, and 3, the EDTPN ligand undergoes anion-dependent ligation to bind two, three, and five Ag(I) ions per EDTPN, respectively, by using the cyano groups in addition to two tertiary nitrogen atoms. The coordination numbers of Ag(I) ion in 1, 2, and 3, are five, four, and six, respectively. Interestingly, the CF3SO3- anion of 2 is exchanged with NO3- and ClO4- quantitatively in the crystalline state when the crystal of 2 is immersed in the aqueous solutions of NaNO3 and NaClO4, respectively. The anion-exchange process is reversible between 1 and 2 but irreversible from 1 or 2 into 3. The supramolecular structural transformations among 1−3 are observed in the crystalline state, concomitant with the anion-exchange.
Chemistry in Ecology: An Editorial Review (1982)

Abstract At a time when scientists contribute to and, at times, seem likely to be overwhelmed by an information explosion, one might pardonably question the need for another journal; particularly another journai of an ecological nature. Too often, however, land, sea and fresh water are treated as if they do not interact, and chemistry, although a driving force in ecological systems, is either viewed as an impact upon parts rather than the whole system, or ignored completely: an attitude which is the despair of chemists and a grave loss to ecologists. Indeed, i t would seem, particularly in the marine field, that biologists/ecologists are falling far behind the chemists and this is a loss to the scientific community as a whole. One outcome is a lack of the wider view and those attempts to theorise which are necessary to progress in the subject. While not forgetting that an understanding of the component parts is vital to an understanding of the whole, Chemistry in Ecology will seek to promote the wider view, and in so doing try to create “bridges” between studies which have not been allied hitherto, but may advantageously work together in the future.
Self‐Assembly and Characterization of Hydrogen‐Bond‐Induced Nanostructure Aggregation (2004)

A supramolecular system of a perylene derivative containing bis(2,6-diacylaminopyridine) units and a perylene bisimide bound through three hydrogen-bonds was synthesized and characterized. 1H NMR spectra confirmed the existence of hydrogen-bonding interactions between the perylene derivative (3) and the perylene bisimide (7). The photocurrent generation of the self-assembled 3.7 film was measured, and a cathodic photocurrent response was obtained. SEM images indicated that well-defined long fibers could be fabricated by self-assembly, by exploiting the hydrogen bonding interactions and pi-pi stacking interactions of perylene rings.
The embedded machine (2002)

The Embedded Machine is a virtual machine that mediates in real time the interaction between software processes and physical processes. It separates the compilation of embedded programs into two phases. The first, platform-independent compiler phase generates E code (code executed by the Embedded Machine), which supervises the timing ---not the scheduling--- of application tasks relative to external events, such as clock ticks and sensor interrupts. E~code is portable and exhibits, given an input behavior, predictable (i.e., deterministic) timing and output behavior. The second, platform-dependent compiler phase checks the time safety of the E code, that is, whether platform performance (determined by the hardware) and platform utilization (determined by the scheduler of the operating system) enable its timely execution. We have used the Embedded Machine to compile and execute high-performance control applications written in Giotto, such as the flight control system of an autonomous model helicopter.
Simple syntheses of benzothiazol-2-ylazoles (1999)

Syntheses of the title ring systems are described starting with benzothiazol-2-ylacetohydrazide (1). Thus, 1 was reacted with carbon disulfide to afford the 2-methyl heteroaryl derivative 2, which on reaction with hydrazine hydrate yielded the corresponding triazole compound 3. Also, 1 can undergo a reaction with an isothiocyanate to give the N-thiocarbonyl adduct 4 that can then be cyclized to produce a 2-methyl heteroaryl analog 5 or 6. Compounds 8 or 9 could be obtained by the reaction of 1 with an aryl aldehyde followed by malononitrile or via its self-cyclization, respectively. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 10: 177–182, 1999
Electroretinograms (ERGs) in Four Autistic Probands and Six First-Degree Relatives (1989)

This pilot study was designed to determine if prior reports of abnormal electroretinograms (ERGs) in autism could be confirmed and, if so, could patterns of family transmission be identified. Abnormal ERG recordings were obtained from six of the 10 subjects tested two of four autistic probands, two of four siblings, and two fathers. No family patterns emerged from our small sample, but the results point to the need to extend this interesting new area or research.
Transposon-Assisted Cloning and Traceless Mutagenesis of Adenoviruses: Development of a Novel Vector Based on SpeciesD (2006)

Until recently, adenovirus (Ad)-mediated gene therapy was almost exclusively based on human Ad type 5 (Ad5). Preexisting immunity and the limited, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor-dependent tropism of Ad5 stimulated attempts to exploit the natural diversity in tropism of the other 50 known human Ad serotypes. Aiming in particular at immunotherapy and vaccination, we have screened representative serotypes from different Ad species for their ability to infect dendritic cells. Ad19a, an Ad from species D, was selected for development as a new vector for vaccination and cancer gene therapy. To clone and manipulate its genome, we have developed a novel methodology, coined "exposon mutagenesis," that allows the rapid and precise introduction of virtually any genetic alteration (deletions, point mutations, or insertions) into recombinant Ad bacterial artificial chromosomes. The versatility of the system was exemplified by deleting the E3 region of Ad19a, by specifically knocking out expression of a species-specific E3 gene, E3/49K, and by reinserting E3/49K into an E3 null Ad19a mutant. The technology requires only limited sequence information and is applicable to other Ad species. Therefore, it should be extremely valuable for the analysis of gene functions from any Ad species. In addition, a basic, replication-defective E1- and E3-deleted Ad19a vector expressing GFP (Ad19aGFP) was generated. This new vector based on species D Ads exhibits a very promising tropism for lymphoid and muscle cells and shows great potential as an alternative vector for transduction of cell types that are resistant to or only poorly transduced by conventional Ad5-based vectors.
A New Complex of Cobalt and Cysteine and its Behavior with Hydrogen Peroxide (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Complex of Cobalt and Cysteine and its Behavior with Hydrogen PeroxideMaxwell P. SchubertCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1933, 55, 8, 3336–3342Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01335a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01335a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views305Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
VEGF is upregulated by hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor via the PI-3K/Akt-NF-κB signaling pathway (2006)

These results suggest that HIMF enhances VEGF production in mouse lung epithelial cells in a PI-3K/Akt-NF-kappaB signaling pathway-dependent manner, and may play critical roles in pulmonary angiogenesis.