gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of optimal output feedback compensators in two-time scale systems (1990)

A formulation is presented for designing optimal output feedback compensators of fixed order for two-time scale-systems. The formulation uses an observer canonical form to represent the compensators dynamics. It precludes the use of direct feedback of the plant output and achieves spillover suppression. A case study involving the rapid pointing of a flexible robot arm is presented. The results demonstrate the performance and robustness of the controller design.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new, selective method for conversion of alcohols to vicinal fluorohydrins (1994)

Aryl–alkyl substituted tertiary alcohols are efficiently converted directly to vicinal fluorohydrins in high yield by reaction with 1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazobicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(tetrafluoroborate)(SelectfluorTM F-Teda BF4) in acetonitrile solution.
Molecular Mechanism of Carcinogenesis by Human Papillomavirus‐16 (2000)

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are common DNA viruses in humans. Recently, epithelial cancers associated with HPV infection have been used as models of virus-induced carcinogenesis. HPVs can be divided into two groups, mucosal and cutaneous. HPV-16 is the most frequent mucosal type associated with cervical cancer. Although the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis by HPV-16 have not been completely elucidated, it is apparent that HPV infection is the major risk factor in cervical carcinogenesis. Two viral early genes, E6 and E7, and an upstream regulatory region (URR) are preserved in cervical carcinoma cell lines as well as in clinical samples of cervical cancer, indicating that these regions are important in cancer development. E6 and E7 function as transforming genes. E6 protein binds to and promotes degradation of the tumor suppressor protein, p53, while E7 protein complexes and inactivates the Rb protein; together, they disrupt cell cycle regulation. E6 and E7 are transcribed from a promoter, P97. P97 is regulated by complex interactions between multiple, positive and negative, cellular factors and the viral E2 product. E2 disruption caused by the integration into the cellular genome may induce overexpression of E6 and E7. The E6 and E7 proteins are thought to act as critical factors in cervical carcinogenesis by inactivating the two tumor suppressor proteins, p53 and Rb, which are commonly mutated in other human cancers.
Cytological evidence supporting a procedure for directing and enhancing pairing between maize and <i>Tripsacum</i> (1990)

A homozygous B–A translocation, TB-9Sb, was utilized in a maize × Tripsacum dactyloides backcrossing procedure in an attempt to enhance and direct pairing between homoeologous regions of the maize and Tripsacum genomes. Cytological observations of root tip preparations and microsporocyte specimens isolated a 38-chromosome BC 2 hybrid with one set of chromosomes from Tripsacum and two sets from maize, but which lacked a portion of the short arm of one maize chromosome 9. Because the distal 0.6 of the normal maize chromosome lacked a homologous pairing partner, it was available for pairing and presumably crossing over with a homoeologous Tripsacum chromosome, if sufficient homology existed. The frequent occurrence of what appeared to be a particular trivalent at metaphase I supports the conclusion that B–A translocations are effective tools for moving particular Tripsacum chromosomes and crossover derivatives into maize. A backcrossing program involving a large number of B–A translocations should effectively incorporate much of the Tripsacum genome into maize.Key words: B–A translocations, cytogenetics, hybridization, introgression, corn breeding.
On Weyl's Treatment of the Parallel Displacement of a Vector Around an Infinitesimal Closed Circuit in an Affinely Connected Manifold (1925)

Tracy Yerkes Thomas, On Weyl's Treatment of the Parallel Displacement of a Vector Around an Infinitesimal Closed Circuit in an Affinely Connected Manifold, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Sep., 1925), pp. 25-28
A tactile display using surface acoustic wave (2002)

We propose a novel method to provide human tactile sensation using surface acoustic wave (SAW). A pulse modulated driving voltage excites temporal distribution of shear force or friction shift on the surface of SAW substrates. The force/friction distribution can be perceived as tactile sensation at mechanoreceptors in the finger skin. A first prototype could express roughness successfully.
The efficiency of methanol for the extraction of some herbicide residues from soil (1980)

Abstract Methanol was more efficient than solvent systems based on acetonitrile or chloroform for the extraction of a number of weathered herbicide residues from soil. The presence of water in the soil improved recovery. Methanolic extracts, on examination by gas‐liquid chromatography, also gave lower background levels than the extracts with other solvents.
Quantized-state systems: a DEVS Approach for continuous system simulation (2001)

A new class of dynamical systems, Quantized State Systems or QSS, is introduced in this paper. QSS are continuous time systems where the input trajectories are piecewise constant functions and the state variable trajectories—being themselves piecewise linear functions—are converted into piecewise constant functions via a quantization function equipped with hysteresis. It is shown that QSS can be exactly represented and simulated by a discrete event model, within the framework of the DEVS-approach. Further, it is shown that QSS can be used to approximate continuous systems, thus allowing their discrete-event simulation in opposition to the classical discrete-time simulation. It is also shown that in an approximating QSS, some stability properties of the original system are conserved and the solutions of the QSS go to the solutions of the original system when the quantization goes to zero.
Unsupervised Images Generation Based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey with Deep Convolutional Generative Neural Networks (2018)

Convolution neural networks (CNN) has gain huge successful in computer vision applications and image classification in recent years. However, unsupervised learning with CNN attracts less attention than supervised learning. In this work, we use deep convolutional generative adversarial neural networks (DCGANs) to generate images. The model is trained by various star and galaxy images from Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In this paper, we also took a gird search to choose the best value for hyper-parameters and several methods to help to stabilize the training process and promise a good quality of the output. Based on several experiments, we demonstrate that our approach keeps the training procedure stable and the generator and discriminator are both good for unsupervised leaning.
Data-Driven Decentralized Algorithm for Wind Farm Control with Population-Games Assistance (2019)

In wind farms, the interaction between turbines that operate close by experience some problems in terms of their power generation. Wakes caused by upstream turbines are mainly responsible of these interactions, and the phenomena involved in this case is complex especially when the number of turbines is high. In order to deal with these issues, there is a need to develop control strategies that maximize the energy captured from a wind farm. In this work, an algorithm that uses multiple estimated gradients based on measurements that are classified by using a simple distributed population-games-based algorithm is proposed. The update in the decision variables is computed by making a superposition of the estimated gradients together with the classification of the measurements. In order to maximize the energy captured and maintain the individual power generation, several constraints are considered in the proposed algorithm. Basically, the proposed control scheme reduces the communications needed, which increases the reliability of the wind farm operation. The control scheme is validated in simulation in a benchmark corresponding to the Horns Rev wind farm.
Accessing and Disclosing Protected Resources: A User-Centric View (2015)

Today, data is money. Whether it is private users' personal data or confidential data and assets belonging to service providers, all parties have a strong need to protect their resources when interacting with each other, i.e. for access control and authorization measures to be deployed. Enabling advanced user controlled privacy is essential to realize the visions of 5G applications and services. For service providers and enterprises resources are usually well safeguarded, while private users are often missing the tools and the know-how to protect their own data and preserve their privacy. The user's personal data have become an economic asset, not necessarily to the owners of these data, but to the service providers, whose business models often include the use of these data. In this paper we focus on the user-service provider interaction and discuss how recent technological progress, in particular the framework of User Managed Access (UMA), can enable users to understand the value of their protected resources and possibly give them control of how their data will be used by service providers.
Performance evaluation of a coordinated time-domain eICIC framework based on ABSF in heterogeneous LTE-Advanced networks (2012)

Enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (eICIC) is a proposed framework by the 3GPP to handle Inter-Cell Interference (ICI) in heterogeneous network (HetNet) environments. Almost-blank subframe (ABSF) is one of the time-domain techniques proposed in the eICIC framework as a candidate for deployment in LTE release 10 (LTE-Advanced). In this paper, a comprehensive ABSF framework is proposed to mitigate the interference in HetNet environments comprised of macro-cells and femto-cells. The ABSF framework proposes a tracking procedure to mark and unmark the macro-cell victim users. Also, new control message to coordinate between macro-cells and femto-cells is proposed, a novel approach to trigger the ABSF mode at aggressor Home eNBs (HeNBs), and enhancements to the macro-cell scheduling process. Finally, a novel approach for the estimation of victim users' signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) level during ABSF is proposed based on the well-known discrete Kalman filter. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed ABSF framework significantly improves the throughput of the macro-cell victim users with a slight degradation in the throughput of the femto-cells.
Novel<i>ex situ</i>MgB<sub>2</sub>barrier for<i>in situ</i>monofilamentary MgB<sub>2</sub>conductors with Fe and Cu sheath material (2009)

The in situ technique for producing MgB2 conductors consists of filling a mixture of Mg powder and B powder into a tube, deformation to the shape of the conductor, and reaction at the end of the process. To make tapes by the in situ method, a low cost and ductile sheath material is needed. Unfortunately precursor powder partially reacts with a lot of materials, such as Cu, Fe and Ni, which can be used as a sheath. In order to produce cheap, high-performance MgB2 conductors a barrier able to prevent this reaction is needed. In this study ex situ MgB2 is used as this barrier. This paper compares the effectiveness of the barrier in preventing reaction in Fe and Cu tapes heat treated under ambient pressure and under high gas pressure conditions. It was found that this barrier is effective at preventing reaction between Fe and B, and sufficient to prevent Cu–Mg reaction in the case of high pressure sintering. This novel technique allows one to obtain good Je values in a parallel field because of the possibility of achieving a high superconductor filling factor (in excess of 60%), which is usually very challenging in powder in tube (PIT) composite conductors with a diffusion barrier.
Cooperative content distribution and traffic engineering (2008)

Traditionally, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) make profit by providing Internet connectivity, while content providers (CPs) play the more lucrative role of delivering content to users. As network connectivity is increasingly a commodity, ISPs have a strong incentive to offer content to their subscribers by deploying their own content distribution infrastructure. Providing content services in a provider network presents new opportunities for coordination between server selection (to match servers with subscribers) and traffic engineering (to select efficient routes for the traffic). In this work, we utilize a mathematical framework to show that separating server selection and traffic engineering leads to a sub-optimal equilibrium, even when the CP is given accurate and timely information about network conditions. Leveraging ideas from cooperative game theory, we propose that the system implements a Nash bargaining solution that significantly improves the fairness and efficiency of the joint system. This study is another step toward a systematic understanding of the interactions between those who generate and distribute content and those who provide and operate networks.
Conductometric Determination of the Association Constants of β-Cyclodextrin with Amphiphilic Ions (1986)

Abstract The association constants (K) of β-cyclodextrin with 13 amphiphilic ions were determined. For a homologous series 1-alkanesulfonate ions, the saturation phenomenon of K occurred at the number of carbon atoms of 10. The values of K for amphiphilic ions with dodecyl chain were similar to one another.
Possible mechanisms limiting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor overactivation and the therapeutic efficacy of N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists. (1990)

Cytotoxic overactivation of neuronal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors is postulated to contribute to the pathogenesis of neuronal loss in hypoxia-ischemia. However, several events associated with hypoxia-ischemia may limit N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated injury. Perhaps the most important of these events is the development of extracellular acidosis. These limiting events may help explain why N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors contribute to injury more in focal ischemia or hypoxia in vitro than in global ischemia.
UAS deployment and data processing during the Balkans flooding (2014)

This project paper provides a report on a real relief operation mission, jointly conducted by two European research projects, in response to the massive flooding in the Balkan in spring 2014. Un Unmanned Aerial System was deployed on-site in collaboration with traditional relief workers, to support them with damage assessment, area mapping, visual inspection and re-localizing the many explosive remnants of war which have been moved due to the flooding and landslides. Novel robotic technologies and data processing methodologies were brought from the research labs and directly applied onto the terrain in order to support the relief workers and minimize human suffering.
The absence of significant postnatal motoneuron death in the brachial and lumbar spinal cord of the rat (1986)

Motoneuron numbers in the brachial and lumbar lateral motor column (LMC) of the rat were examined quantitatively on embryonic day (E) 15 and postnatal days (P) 1-5. There was a significant (40-45%) loss of motoneurons in both regions between E15 and P1. No further loss was observed between P1 and P5. The decline of motoneurons between E15 and P1 is very likely due to cell death since there were considerable numbers of dying motoneurons present on E15. By contrast, few dying motoneurons were observed on P1-P5. Possible reasons for discrepancies between the present results and previous investigations are discussed. It is concluded that there is not a significant loss of either brachial or lumbar motoneurons in the postnatal rat and thus that postnatal rearragements of muscle innervation are most likely the result of axon elimination, not cell death.
Effective Preparation of <i>O</i>-Succinimidyl-2- (<i>tert</i>-butoxycarbonylamino)ethylcarbamate Derivatives from β-Amino Acids. Application to the Synthesis of Urea-Containing Pseudopeptides and Oligoureas (1999)

International audience
Rapid fabrication of lightweight silicon-carbide mirrors (2002)

Silicon carbide (SiC) has long been recognized as an attractive mirror material due to its superior mechanical and thermal properties when compared to conventional optical materials. However, the material properties of SiC which make the material attractive from a design standpoint have often precluded its use when low cost and rapid delivery of an optical mirror were required. This paper describes an approach that was developed by Zygo Corporation, working in conjunction with POCO Graphite Inc. for the rapid fabrication of lightweight silicon carbide optics. This approach utilizes a SiC substrate produced by POCO Graphite Inc. using a non-traditional process coupled with deterministic finishing techniques developed by Zygo. Using this approach, we are now capable of producing high quality prototype components (λ/10 PV figure, 10 Å rms. micro roughness) of SiC within a few weeks, rather than the traditional period of months. Applications include lightweight scan mirrors, stage mirrors for lithography positioning tools, as well as similar applications where high stiffness and low weight are significant performance parameters. MRF polishing results comparing SiC to conventional optical materials are also presented.
Contextualized Word Representations for Document Re-Ranking (2019)

Although considerable attention has been given to neural ranking architectures recently, far less attention has been paid to the term representations that are used as input to these models. In this work, we investigate how two pretrained contextualized language models (ELMo and BERT) can be utilized for ad-hoc document ranking. Through experiments on TREC benchmarks, we find that several existing neural ranking architectures can benefit from the additional context provided by contextualized language models. Furthermore, we propose a joint approach that incorporates BERT's classification vector into existing neural models and show that it outperforms state-of-the-art ad-hoc ranking baselines. We call this joint approach CEDR (Contextualized Embeddings for Document Ranking). We also address practical challenges in using these models for ranking, including the maximum input length imposed by BERT and runtime performance impacts of contextualized language models.
Molecular and electronic structures of bis[1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)cyclooctatetraene] sandwich complexes of titanium and zirconium (1994)

The reaction between 2 equivalents of [Li2{C8H6(SiMe3)2}] and [MCl4(thf)2](M = Ti or Zr) in tetrahydrofuran (thf ) afforded the sandwich complexes [M{C8H6(SiMe3)2}2]. X-Ray studies showed that the zirconium compound adopts a structure in which one ring is bound in an η8 fashion whilst the other adopts a novel η3 co-ordination mode. This unusual bonding situation has been studied using extended-Hückel molecular-orbital calculations and photoelectron spectroscopy. In contrast, the titanium compound adopts a solid-state structure in which one ring is η8 bound and the other is less readily classified, being intermediate between the η3 structure found for Zr and the η4 structure found in [Ti(C8H8)2]. Variable-temperature solution NMR studies on [M{C8H6(SiMe3)2}2] showed that the two rings remain indistinguishable even at 193 K for M = Zr, whereas for M = Ti the two rings only become equivalent on the NMR time-scale above 328 K.
The Efficacy of Lapatinib in Metastatic Breast Cancer with HER2 Non-Amplified Primary Tumors and EGFR Positive Circulating Tumor Cells: A Proof-Of-Concept Study (2013)

Clinical trials.gov NCT00820924.
Effect of Interleukin-1, GM-CSF, Erythropoietin, and Lithium on the Toxicity Associated With 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine (AZT) In Vitro on Hematopoietic Progenitors (CFU-GM, CFU-MEG, and BFU-E) Using Murine Retrovirus-Infected Hematopoietic Cells (1991)

The drug 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), a synthetic thymidine analogue, has been used clinically in the management of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The drug is an effective antiviral agent due to its ability to block reverse transcriptase activity. This action of AZT was demonstrated in the Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV)-induced murine erythroleukemia model system. Unfortunately, associated with AZT has been the development of hematopoietic toxicity manifested by anemia, neutropenia, and overall bone marrow suppression. Hematopoietic growth factors (GM-CSF, erythropoietin), cytokines (interleukin-1), and agents known to potentiate hematopoiesis (lithium) have been demonstrated to modulate drug and/or radiation-induced hematopoietic toxicity. We report the results of further studies designed to investigate the ability of GM-CSF, erythropoietin, interleukin-1, and lithium to modulate AZT toxicity on murine hematopoietic granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM), megakaryocytic (CFU-Meg), and erythroid (BFU-E) progenitors cultured from bone marrow and spleen cells from mice infected with RLV. Hematopoietic progenitors from either normal or RLV-infected animals when exposed to AZT demonstrated concentration-dependent toxicity and differed for each progenitor with BFU-E being the most sensitive (ID50 concentration, 5 x 10(-9) M) and CFU-GM the least sensitive (ID50 concentration, 5 x 10(-5) M). As has been previously demonstrated using normal murine hematopoietic progenitors, when cultured with RLV-infected marrow or spleen cells, addition of GM-CSF, Meg-CSF or erythropoietin failed to inhibit AZT toxicity in vitro on CFU-GM, CFU-Meg, and BFU-E, respectively. However, in the presence of interleukin-1 (recombinant human IL-1 alpha, 30 ngm) or lithium chloride (ultra-pure, 1.0 mM), AZT toxicity CFU-GM, CFU-Meg, and BFU-E cultured from RLV-infected marrow or spleen cells was reduced. These results further demonstrate interleukin-1 and lithium are effective in modulating the toxic action of AZT on hematopoietic progenitors and that RLV-infected animals serve as a useful viral model system to study the effect of agents capable of modulating hematopoiesis in the presence of the anti-viral drug AZT.
More than Word Frequencies: Authorship Attribution via Natural Frequency Zoned Word Distribution Analysis (2012)

With such increasing popularity and availability of digital text data, authorships of digital texts can not be taken for granted due to the ease of copying and parsing. This paper presents a new text style analysis called natural frequency zoned word distribution analysis (NFZ-WDA), and then a basic authorship attribution scheme and an open authorship attribution scheme for digital texts based on the analysis. NFZ-WDA is based on the observation that all authors leave distinct intrinsic word usage traces on texts written by them and these intrinsic styles can be identified and employed to analyze the authorship. The intrinsic word usage styles can be estimated through the analysis of word distribution within a text, which is more than normal word frequency analysis and can be expressed as: which groups of words are used in the text; how frequently does each group of words occur; how are the occurrences of each group of words distributed in the text. Next, the basic authorship attribution scheme and the open authorship attribution scheme provide solutions for both closed and open authorship attribution problems. Through analysis and extensive experimental studies, this paper demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed method for authorship attribution.