gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vehicle trajectory-based road type and congestion recognition using wavelet analysis (2006)

In many intelligent transportation system applications, understanding vehicle activity patterns of probe vehicles is becoming increasingly important for determining congestion levels on different roadways. Vehicle activity patterns can be characterized at a microscale level as vehicle velocity trajectories. Many ITS applications now use probe vehicles that are constantly monitoring and recording these velocity data as a component of traffic monitoring and management. Rather than transmitting probe vehicle velocity data to a centralized management center for processing (requiring high bandwidth), it is proposed to perform real-time on-board analysis of velocity trajectories to estimate roadway type and congestion level. These estimates can then be used for a variety of purposes including traffic information systems, intelligent real-time vehicle control systems, and energy consumption/emissions estimation. A method is presented to estimate roadway type and congestion level using a wavelet analysis technique combined with principal components analysis. This technique is applied to 128-second snippets of real-time vehicle velocity trajectories. The complexity of this combined wavelet/PCA approach is o(l <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ), where l Lt N. Training and recognition has taken place on a small data set of approximately 300 trajectories collected in the Held. Results thus far indicate an approximate 90 % correct estimation rate
Dna replication and repair in <i>Tilapia</i> cells i. the effect of ultraviolet radiation (1984)

ABSTRACT The effect of ultraviolet radiation on a cell line established from the warm water fish Tilapia has been assessed by measuring the rate of DNA synthesis, excision repair, post-replication repair and cell survival. The cells tolerate ultraviolet radiation better than mammalian cells with respect to DNA synthesis, post-replication repair and cell survival. They are also efficient in excision repair, which in other fish cell lines has been found to be at a low level or absent. Their response to the inhibitors hydroxyurea and 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine is less sensitive than that of other cell lines, yet the cells seem to have very small pools of DNA precursor.
Fueling the flame: bioenergy couples metabolism and inflammation (2012)

We review the emerging concept that changes in cellular bioenergetics concomitantly reprogram inflammatory and metabolic responses. The molecular pathways of this integrative process modify innate and adaptive immune reactions associated with inflammation, as well as influencing the physiology of adjacent tissue and organs. The initiating proinflammatory phase of inflammation is anabolic and requires glucose as the primary fuel, whereas the opposing adaptation phase is catabolic and requires fatty acid oxidation. The fuel switch to fatty acid oxidation depends on the sensing of AMP and NAD(+) by AMPK and the SirT family of deacetylases (e.g., SirT1, -6, and -3), respectively, which couple inflammation and metabolism by chromatin and protein reprogramming. The AMP-AMPK/NAD(+)-SirT axis proceeds sequentially during acute systemic inflammation associated with sepsis but ceases during chronic inflammation associated with diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. Rebalancing bioenergetics resolves inflammation. Manipulating cellular bioenergetics is identifying new ways to treat inflammatory and immune diseases.
Computational Methods in Quantum Chemistry, Volume 2: Quantum Chemistry (1996)

This book provides a comprehensive account, from first principles, of the methods of numerical quantum mechanics, beginning with formulations and fundamental postulates. The development continues with that of the Hamiltonian and angular momentum operators, and with methods of approximating the solutions of the Schroedinger equation with variational and perturbation methods. Chapter 3 is a description of the Hartree-Fock self-consistent field method, which is developed systematically for atoms. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation is introduced, and the numerical methods presented one by one thereafter in a logically consistent way that should be accessible to undergraduates. These include LCAO, Hartree-Fock-SCF method for molecules, Roothaan LCAO-MO-SCF method, and electron correlation energy. Chapter 4 is devoted to the more sophisticated computational methods in quantum chemistry, with an introduction to topics that include: the zero differential overlap approximation; Huckel MO theory of conjugated molecules; Pariser-Parr-Pople MO method; extended Huckel theory; neglect of differential overlap methods; invariance in space requirements; CNDO; INDO; NDDO; MINDO; MNDO; AM1; MNDO-PM3; SAM1; SINDO1; CNDO/S; PCILO,Xα; and ab initio methods. This is followed by an introduction to Moller-Plesset perturbation theory of many electrons, and coupled perturbed Hartree Fock theory, with a description of the coupled cluster method. Finally Chapter 5 applies these methods to problems of contemporary interest. The book is designed to be a junior/senior level text in computational quantum mechanics, suitable for undergraduates and graduates in chemistry, physics, computer science, and associated disciplines
The Phosphotransferase System of <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i> Is Biased for <i>N</i> -Acetylglucosamine Metabolism (2003)

Mutation of the crr-ptsI gene locus revealed that Streptomyces coelicolor uses the phosphotransferase system (PTS) for N-acetylglucosamine uptake. crr, ptsI, and ptsH, which encode the three general PTS phosphotransferases, are induced by N-acetylglucosamine but not by other PTS substrates. Thus, the S. coelicolor PTS is biased for N-acetylglucosamine utilization, a novel feature that distinguishes this PTS from others.
Rapid Adaptation with Conditionally Shifted Neurons (2017)

We describe a mechanism by which artificial neural networks can learn rapid adaptation - the ability to adapt on the fly, with little data, to new tasks - that we call conditionally shifted neurons. We apply this mechanism in the framework of metalearning, where the aim is to replicate some of the flexibility of human learning in machines. Conditionally shifted neurons modify their activation values with task-specific shifts retrieved from a memory module, which is populated rapidly based on limited task experience. On metalearning benchmarks from the vision and language domains, models augmented with conditionally shifted neurons achieve state-of-the-art results.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Fabrication of High Temperature Superconducting Oxides (1987)

The authors report the results of an extensive set of investigations on superconducting compounds in the BaO-Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}-CuO system. Two new synthetic procedures, a nitrate coprecipitation and a sol-gel technique, are described. A possible new superconducting phase, which may be a distorted 2:1:3, is partially characterized. It is shown that superconductivity is insensitive to a number of processing parameters, and, to some extent, to microstructure. A microstructural screening technique is used to quantify the proportions of different phases present in phase impure samples. A systematic thermal analysis of the 2:1:3 phase is presented, showing the effects of oxygen partial pressure on the defect structure and on the crystal structure, and providing evidence for the existence of two phase transitions.
Visualization of complex models using dynamic texture-based simplification (1996)

We are investigating methods for simplifying complex models for interactive visualizations using texture based representations. The paper presents a simplification method which dynamically caches distant geometry into textures and trades off accurate rendering of the distant geometry for performance. Smooth transitions and continuous borders are defined between the geometry and textures thus the representations can be switched without sudden jumps (as is the case with many current texturing techniques). All the computations for the transitions can be done a priori without the need to change the textures each frame thereafter.
Quinoxaline−Imidazolium Receptors for Unique Sensing of Pyrophosphate and Acetate by Charge Transfer (2007)

[structure: see text] Quinoxaline derivatives (1-4) bearing two imidazolium moieties are found to strongly bind anions and show unique charge-transfer fluorescent responses to pyrophosphate and acetate, whereas they show excimer formation with other anions. Anion-binding studies are investigated with fluorescence and 1H NMR analysis, single-crystal X-ray analysis, and theoretical calculations.
Axial Symptoms and Cervical Alignments After Cervical Anterior Spinal Fusion for Patients with Cervical Myelopathy (1999)

This retrospective clinical study was designed to examine the relation between cervical alignment and axial symptoms developing after cervical anterior spinal fusion. Sixty patients with myelopathy treated with cervical anterior spinal fusion were reviewed. For radiographic evaluation, lordosis, enlargement of the fused segments and neural foramen, radiographic union, and degeneration of adjacent segment were reviewed before or after surgery or both. Twenty-three patients had axial symptoms. Only local kyphosis and narrowing of the neural foramen at the fused segment were recognized more often in patients with axial symptoms than in those without such symptoms. No less than 2 mm and < or = 5 mm in enlargement of the anterior disc space immediately after surgery resulted in maintenance of cervical lordosis. These findings suggest that > or = 2 mm and < or = 5 mm in enlargement of anterior vertebral body height during operation results in prevention of axial symptoms.
The Principles of Engineering Materials (1973)

1. The Nature of Materials Science. 2. The Structure of Perfect Solids. 3. The Structure of Real Solids. 4. Equilibrium. 5. Kinetics. 6. Introduction to the Mechanical Properties of Solids. 7. Plastic Deformation in Crystalline Solids. 8. Strengthening Mechanisms. 9. The Relation Between Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Control. 10. Deformation of Amorphous Materials. 11. Electrons in Solids. 12. Electronic Transport. 13. Electrical Properties of Junctions. 14. Magnetic Properties of Materials. 15. Optical Properties.
Least-squares estimation in phasor-based synchronized frequency measurements (2008)

This paper investigates the applications of leasts-quares (LS) estimation in phasor-based synchronized frequency measurements. First, LS estimation is developed for synchronized frequency measurements with DFT error-free phasors. Second, LS estimation for legacy synchronized frequency measurements is reviewed. Third, the LS estimation for synchronized frequency measurements proposed in [9], which has a better dynamic performance, is developed. The performance of the discussed methods is illustrated with computer simulations and phasor measurement unit (PMU) testing.
Diesel Engine Exhaust Smoke: The Influence of Fuel Properties and the Effects of Using Barium-Containing Fuel Additive (1967)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Even though the combustion gases of diesel fuel are much less toxic than those of gasoline, exhaust smoke has increased proportionately with the number of diesels in use and has become a major problem. This paper describes the influence of base fuel composition on smoke, and the results of using a barium-containing additive in the fuel. The toxicological aspects of using the additive are considered, together with certain other side effects that might arise. Details are also given of the various means for measuring smoke, and of existing legislation to control the nuisance.</div>
Semiautomated microfluorometric instrument and reagent system for monitoring disease-related immunosuppression. (1982)

Several common metabolites and drugs in the serum in of patients with inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune, immunodeficient, neoplastic, and toxicant-induced diseases can produce artifactual suppression of the [methyl-3H]-thymidine assay, which is widely used to evaluate lymphocyte responsiveness. We have developed a sensitive, semiautomated, fluorescence-enhancement assay in which true immunosuppressors are measured in the presence of absence of such interfering substances. Peripheral blood lymphocytes are activated with mitogens in standard microtiter culture trays. Changes in lymphocyte DNA content are quantified with a reagent formulation containing mithramycin, the fluorescence of which is enhanced on binding to DNA in the presence of MgCl2. We solubilize cells within the intact microtiter tray by using an automated, inverted "Array Sonicator," and measure fluorescence with an automated, photon-counting fluorometer. With this system, immune response modulation can be accurately assessed in the presence of patients' sera and other complex test substances (e.g., supernates from hybridomas, fermentation vats, viral preparations, and macrophage cultures.
Reduction in Central H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Levels Prevents Voluntary Ethanol Intake in Mice: A Role for the Brain Catalase-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>System in Alcohol Binge Drinking (2013)

Therefore, we propose that the amount of H2 O2 present in the CNS, by determining brain acetaldehyde formation by the catalase-H2 O2 system, could be a factor that determines an animal's propensity to consume EtOH.
Wideband digital subscriber access with multidimensional block modulation and decision-feedback equalization (2003)

The potential transmission performance of pair-wire subscriber lines at the rate of 800 kb/s is investigated. Block modulation schemes of one to four dimensions, at 2 bits/dimension, are considered. The multiple dimensions are multiplexed together using time division multiplexing. The environmental noise is assumed to be dominated by near-end crosstalk. Computer simulation shows that the coding gain of a multidimensional modulation scheme is fully preserved after transmission if the equalizer is long. However, the gain can be much lower, or none at all, if the equalizer is short and hence unable to whiten the decision-point noise sufficiently.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interstrand DNA–DNA Cross-Link Formation Between Adenine Residues and Abasic Sites in Duplex DNA (2014)

The loss of a coding nucleobase from the structure of DNA is a common event that generates an abasic (Ap) site (1). Ap sites exist as an equilibrating mixture of a cyclic hemiacetal and a ring-opened aldehyde. Aldehydes are electrophilic functional groups that can form covalent adducts with nucleophilic sites in DNA. Thus, Ap sites present a potentially reactive aldehyde as part of the internal structure of DNA. Here we report evidence that the aldehyde group of Ap sites in duplex DNA can form a covalent adduct with the N(6)-amino group of adenine residues on the opposing strand. The resulting interstrand DNA-DNA cross-link occurs at 5'-ApT/5'-AA sequences in remarkably high yields (15-70%) under physiologically relevant conditions. This naturally occurring DNA-templated reaction has the potential to generate cross-links in the genetic material of living cells.
Site-Specific Modification of Recombinant Proteins: A Novel Platform for Modifying Glycoproteins Expressed in <i>E. coli</i> (2011)

The site-specific modification of proteins is expected to be an important capability for the synthesis of bioconjugates in the future. However, the traditional repertoire of reactions available for the direct modification of proteins suffers from lack of specificity, necessitating costly downstream processing to isolate the specific species of interest. (1) Here, we use a well-established, glycan-specific chemistry to PEGylate model glycoproteins, each containing a unique reactive GalNAc attached to a specifically engineered threonine residue. By engineering E. coli to execute the initial steps of human, mucin-type O-glycosylation, we were able to obtain homogeneous site-specifically modified glycoproteins with fully human glycan linkages. Two mucin-based reporters as well as several fusion proteins containing eight-amino-acid GalNAc-T recognition sequences were glycosylated in this engineered glycocompetent strain of E. coli. The use of one sequence in particular, PPPTSGPT, resulted in site-specific glycan occupancy of approximately 69% at the engineered threonine. The GalNAc present on the purified glycoprotein was oxidized by galactose oxidase and then coupled to hydroxylamine functionalized 20 kDa PEG in the presence of aniline. The glycoprotein could be converted to the PEGylated product at approximately 85% yield and >98% purity as determined by comparison to the products of control reactions.
Coloured shade nets can improve the yield and quality of green decorative branches of<i>Pittosporum variegatum</i> (2001)

SummaryMany green decorative branches (“greens”), which form an important part of ornamental bouquets, originatefrom shade plants, and are commercially grown in Israel under black shade nets. We are studying the possibility to manipulate the nature of the vegetative growth of greens to improve the yield and quality desirable for various ornamental crops.The present paper summarizes the results obtained for Pittosporum variegatum grown under shade nets of various optical properties: green, red, blue, grey, black, and reflective. The knitting density and design of the nets were adjusted to give the same transmittance of sunlight in the PAR (photosynthetically active radiation, 400–700.nm) region. The experiments were carried out in a commercial plot. A single layer of 50% shade net covered the plot during thewinter season, and two layers in the summer, according to common practice. Data were collected mostly during the second growth year. The main results obtained included: (i) pronounced stimulation of branch elongation under the Red net; (ii) dwarfing under the Blue net; (iii) the Grey net markedly enhanced branching, resulting in “bushy”, dense plants with short side shoots and small leaves; (iv) the reflective, thermal net (Aluminet®) enhanced long branching. The results were reproducible over two successive harvesting years. We suggest that the coloured net technology can be applied to enhance commercially desired plant responses, thus substituting for the use of growth regulators or pruning.
Tunable shrink-induced honeycomb microwell arrays for uniform embryoid bodies (2009)

Embryoid body (EB) formation closely recapitulates early embryonic development with respect to lineage commitment. Because it is greatly affected by cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions, the ability to control the initial number of cells in the aggregates and to provide an appropriate substrate are crucial parameters for uniform EB formation. Here we report of an ultra-rapid fabrication and culture method utilizing a laser-jet printer to generate closely arrayed honeycomb microwells of tunable sizes for the induction of uniform EBs from single cell suspension. By printing various microwell patterns onto pre-stressed polystyrene sheets, and through heat induced shrinking, high aspect micromolds are generated. Notably, we achieve rounded bottom polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) wells not easily achievable with standard microfabrication methods, but critical to achieve spherical EBs. Furthermore, by simply controlling the size of the microwells and the concentration of the cell suspension we can control the initial size of the cell aggregate, thus influencing lineage commitment. In addition, these microwells are easily adaptable and scalable to most standard well plates and easily integrated into commercial liquid handling systems to provide an inexpensive and easy high throughput compound screening platform.
Evaluation of the Abbott AxSYM Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Assay in Conjunction with Other CMV IgM Tests and a CMV IgG Avidity Assay (2001)

The measurement of the avidity of cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies has been shown by several investigators to be useful in identifying and excluding primary CMV infections in pregnant women. In this work, we examined the diagnostic utility of reflex testing of CMV IgM-positive specimens from pregnant women by using a CMV IgG avidity assay. The utility of this approach was directly dependent on the sensitivity of the CMV IgM assay employed during the initial screen. The higher initial reactivity rate of the AxSYM CMV IgM assay was necessary in order to detect CMV IgM in specimens containing low-avidity CMV IgG antibodies, indicative of a primary CMV infection, which other CMV IgM assays (Behring, Vidas, Captia, and Eurogenetics) fail to detect in some cases. The use of the AxSYM CMV IgM assay, followed by an avidity test, should result in more accurate diagnosis of CMV infection in pregnant women.
Recursive quantum repeater networks (2011)

Internet-scale quantum repeater networks will be heterogeneous in physical technology, repeater functionality, and management. The classical control necessary to use the network will therefore face similar issues as Internet data transmission. Many scalability and management problems that arose during the development of the Internet might have been solved in a more uniform fashion, improving flexibility and reducing redundant engineering effort. Quantum repeater network development is currently at the stage where we risk similar duplication when separate systems are combined. We propose a unifying framework that can be used with all existing repeater designs. We introduce the notion of a Quantum Recursive Network Architecture, developed from the emerging classical concept of recursive networks, extending recursive mechanisms from a focus on data forwarding to a more general distributed computing request framework. Recursion abstracts independent transit networks as single relay nodes, unifies software layering, and virtualizes the addresses of resources to improve information hiding and resource management. Our architecture is useful for building arbitrary distributed states, including fundamental distributed states such Bell pairs and GHZ, W, and cluster states.