gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dry Rehydratable Film Method for Rapid Enumeration of Coliforms in Foods (3M™ Petrifilm™ Rapid Coliform Count Plate): Collaborative Study (2002)

A rehydratable dry-film plating method for coliforms in foods, the 3M Petrifilm Rapid Coliform Count plate method, was compared with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual method for nondairy foods and the American Public Health Association's Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products (SMEDP) method for dairy foods. Six food types, vanilla ice cream, cheddar cheese, fresh refrigerated uncooked pasta, wheat flour, prepared frozen macaroni and cheese, and frozen hash browns, were analyzed for coliforms by 11 collaborating laboratories. For each food product tested, the collaborators received 8 blind samples consisting of a control sample and 3 levels of inoculated sample, each in duplicate. The mean log counts for the methods were comparable. The repeatability and reproducibility variances of the Petrifilm Rapid Coliform Count method at 14 and 24 h were not significantly different from those of the standard methods.
The Cytoplasmic Domain of the Lymphotoxin-β Receptor Mediates Cell Death in HeLa Cells (1999)

Activation of lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LT-betaR) by conjugation with heterotrimeric lymphotoxin, LT-alpha1/beta2, or by cross-linking with anti-LT-betaR antibodies can trigger apoptosis. We have observed that overexpression of either LT-betaR or the cytoplasmic domain of LT-betaR (LT-betaR(CD)) also induces apoptosis, which may be attributed to the tendency of LT-betaR(CD) to self-associate. The self-association domain of LT-betaR(CD) was mapped to amino acids 324-377, a region of the protein that is also essential for LT-betaR-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, we have shown that LT-betaR(CD)-induced apoptosis could be inhibited by a TRAF3 dominant negative mutant and by the caspase inhibitors Z-VAD-FMK, DEVD-FMK, and CrmA. The ligand-independent apoptosis induced by LT-betaR(CD) will help us to further dissect LT-betaR signaling pathway.
<b>The Acidities of Weak Acids in Dimethyl Sulfoxide</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Acidities of Weak Acids in Dimethyl SulfoxideEdwin C. Steiner and Joanne M. GilbertCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 19, 3054–3055Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00902a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00902a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views226Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Study of Non-Uniform Charging by Charging Roller with DC Voltage (1999)

Model experiment and numerical simulation are carried out in order to make clear the generating mechanism of non-uniform charging by charging roller with DC voltage. From the experiments using metal roller and polyethylene terephthalete (PET) sheet, the periodic charging patterns can be recognized on the PET sheet by cascade development with toners after the sheet is charged. The period and the size of the patterns become large as the applied voltage increases. The shapes of the patterns are different between positive and negative charging. The characteristic of the patterns is similar to that of separating discharges on an electrified insulating sheet. The results show that the charging patterns are made as follows. (1) Abnormal discharge occurs between the charging roller and the PET sheet, and large amount of charge is deposited on the sheet. (2) The charge is forced to move due to surface discharge. On the other hand, two-dimensional electrostatic simulation of the charging roller is carried out with consideration of the surface discharge as well as the abnormal discharge. From the simulation, the periodic charging patterns can be generated on the PET sheet and may verify the new model of generating non-uniform charging patterns as proposed above.
Molecular characterization of light chain 3. A microtubule binding subunit of MAP1A and MAP1B (1994)

Light chain 3 (LC3) is a subunit of the neuronal microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), MAP1A and MAP1B. Recent findings show that the cDNAs for MAP1A and MAP1B encode polyproteins that contain the MAP1A or MAP1B heavy chain and a LC2 or LC1 subunit, respectively. We have sequenced a cDNA encoding rat LC3, and its sequence is not found in the MAP1A/LC2 or MAP1B/LC1 polyprotein cDNAs. The deduced amino acid sequence of LC3 is highly conserved between rat and mouse. Rat LC3 is a 16.4-kDa protein with a predicted pI of 9.2. It is encoded on a 1.7-kilobase mRNA. Our anti-LC3 antiserum shows that LC3 is abundant only in neurons and that the majority of LC3 in brain co-purifies with microtubules. Purified recombinant rat LC3 retains the ability to associate with microtubules assembled in the presence of brain MAPs and with microtubules assembled from purified tubulin. We propose that LC3 functions primarily as a MAP1A and MAP1B subunit and that its expression could regulate the microtubule binding activity of MAP1A and MAP1B.
Maltreatment Issues and Outcomes of Adolescents Enrolled in Substance Abuse Treatment (2003)

Although they are mandated reporters and work regularly with youth who have experienced abuse and trauma, many substance abuse treatment programs do not systematically screen for or address child maltreatment issues. This special issue provides a collection of articles that consistently demonstrate the feasibility of systematically screening for victimization among adolescents entering these programs and documents that multiple co-occurring types of victimization are actually the norm. Other articles in the section examine how levels of abuse and traumatic victimization are associated with aspects of adolescent substance use disorders, traumatic distress symptoms, co-occurring somatic and health problems, HIV risk behaviors, and a victim-to-abuser spiral. Finally, the articles address how this might affect treatment matching across levels of care. This introduction provides an overview of the articles and then highlights some of the key implications of this collective body of work for practice, policy, and future research.
Sleep-inducing effects of low doses of melatonin ingested in the evening* (1995)

We previously observed tht low oral doses of melatonin given at noon increase blood melatonin concentrations to those normally occurring nocturnally and facilitate sleep onset, as assessed using and involuntary muscle relaxation test. In this study we examined the induction of polysomnographically recorded sleep by similar doses given later in the evening, close to the times of endogenous melatonin release and habitual sleep onset. Volunteers received the hormone (oral doses of 0.3 or 1.0 mg) or placebo at 6, 8, or 9 PM. Latencies to sleep onset, to stage 2 sleep, and to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep were measured polysomnographically. Either dose given at any of the three time points decreased sleep onset latency and latency to stage 2 sleep. Melatonin did not suppress REM sleep or delay its onset. Most volunteers could clearly distinguish between the effects of melatonin and those of placebo when the hormone was tested at 6 or 8 PM. Neither melatonin dose induced "hangover" effects, as assessed with mood and performance tests administered on the morning after treatment. These data provide new evidence that nocturnal melatonin secretion may be involved in physiologic sleep onset and that exogenous melatonin may be useful in treating insomnia.
Comparison of Acute Thrombogenicity for Metallic and Polymeric Bioabsorbable Scaffolds (2017)

Despite a similar scaffold strut thickness, the Magmaris sirolimus-eluting bioabsorbable magnesium scaffold was significantly less thrombogenic compared with the Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold in an ex vivo porcine arteriovenous shunt model. Further studies are needed to determine whether the reduced thrombogenicity of Magmaris will result in reductions in major cardiovascular events.
Automated design of operational transconductance amplifiers using reversed geometric programming (2004)

We present a method for designing operational amplifiers using reversed geometric programming, which is an extension of geometric programming that allows both convex and non-convex constraints. Adding a limited set of non-convex constraints can improve the accuracy of convex equation-based optimization, without compromising global optimality. These constraints allow increased accuracy for critical modeling equations, such as the relationship between gm and IDS. To demonstrate the design methodology, a folded-cascode amplifier is designed in a [0.18]μm technology for varying speed requirements and is compared with simulations and designs obtained from geometric programming.
Propagation properties of guided waves in index-guided two-dimensional optical waveguides (2005)

Index-guided two-dimensional (2D) optical waveguides are numerically studied to investigate propagation properties of guided optical waves. The 2D optical waveguide consists of a dielectric thin film sandwiched between two semi-infinite metals. We demonstrate that vertically localized 2D optical waves can be laterally confined and guided by index guiding when the dielectric film has a high-refractive-index core and claddings of a lower index. The index guiding provides good optical power transmittance, otherwise optical power is rapidly attenuated due to lateral beam divergence.
Development of specific inhibitors of angiotensin I converting enzyme (kininase II). (1979)

The Assistant Secretary of Theodore Roosevelt writes to John Hubbard to thank him for the letter he sent to Theodore Roosevelt.
Response of Paenibacillus polymyxa to iron: alternations in cellular chemical composition and the production of fusaricidin type antimicrobial compounds (2010)

In this work, growth, cellular chemical composition and production of fusaricidin type antimicrobial compounds by P. polymyxa SQR-21 were compared in tryptone broth supplemented with four concentrations of iron (25, 50, 100 and 200 µM). The data revealed that the growth of P. polymyxa SQR-21 was increased by 3-8% with the increase in concentration of ferric ion (Fe3+). The production of fusaricidin type compounds was increased by 33-49% only up to 50 µM Fe3+ and the highest level of Fe3+ was inhibitory. Increase in the liquid culture Fe3+concentration increased the intracellular protein (2%), intracellular carbohydrate (14%), extracellular protein (7%) and polysaccharide contents (18%) while the intracellular lipid contents were increased (11%) only up to 50 µM Fe3+. In addition, the regulatory effects of Fe3+ were also reflected by the increase in total RNA contents and relative expression of the fusaricidin synthetase gene (FusA) by 3-13 and 35-56%, respectively, up to 50 µM Fe3+, after that a continuous decrease was observed.
Deletions and duplications of Gly-Xaa-Yaa triplet repeats in the triple helical domains of type I collagen chains disrupt helix formation and result in several types of osteogenesis imperfecta (2001)

Triple helix formation is a prerequisite for the passage of type I procollagen from the endoplasmic reticulum and secretion from the cell to form extracellular fibrils that will support mineral deposition in bone. Analysis of cDNA from 11 unrelated individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) revealed the presence of 11 novel, short in-frame deletions or duplications of three, nine, or 18 nucleotides in the helical coding regions of the COL1A1 and COL1A2 collagen genes. Triple helix formation was impaired, type I collagen alpha chains were post-translationally overmodified, and extracellular secretion was markedly reduced. With one exception, the obligate Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat pattern of amino acids in the helical domains was not altered, but the Xaa- and Yaa position residues were out of register relative to the amino acid sequences of adjacent chains in the triple helix. Thus, the identity of these amino acids, in addition to third position glycines, is important for normal helix formation. These findings expand the known repertoire of uncommon in-frame deletions and duplications in OI, and provide insight into normal collagen biosynthesis and collagen triple helix formation.
Tuning <i>Escherichia coli</i> for membrane protein overexpression (2008)

A simple generic method for optimizing membrane protein overexpression in Escherichia coli is still lacking. We have studied the physiological response of the widely used "Walker strains" C41(DE3) and C43(DE3), which are derived from BL21(DE3), to membrane protein overexpression. For unknown reasons, overexpression of many membrane proteins in these strains is hardly toxic, often resulting in high overexpression yields. By using a combination of physiological, proteomic, and genetic techniques we have shown that mutations in the lacUV5 promoter governing expression of T7 RNA polymerase are key to the improved membrane protein overexpression characteristics of the Walker strains. Based on this observation, we have engineered a derivative strain of E. coli BL21(DE3), termed Lemo21(DE3), in which the activity of the T7 RNA polymerase can be precisely controlled by its natural inhibitor T7 lysozyme (T7Lys). Lemo21(DE3) is tunable for membrane protein overexpression and conveniently allows optimizing overexpression of any given membrane protein by using only a single strain rather than a multitude of different strains. The generality and simplicity of our approach make it ideal for high-throughput applications.
Soluble CD23 and other receptors (CD4, CD8, CD25, CD71) in serum of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (1993)

We measured the soluble (s) receptors CD23, CD8, CD4, interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R, CD25), and transferrin receptor (TfR, CD71), in normal serum and in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and evaluated them in relation to clinical and biological parameters of the disease, as well as serum immunoglobulin E (IgE). Compared to 31 normal individuals, 42 CLL patients had increased levels of sCD23 (98.4 +/- 127.7 versus 0.9 +/- 0.3 U/ml, p < 0.001), sIL-2R (6080 +/- 7030 versus 1420 +/- 640 pg/ml, p < 0.001), sTfR (12,100 +/- 11,250 versus 5000 +/- 1050 ng/ml, p < 0.001), and sCD8 (510 +/- 191 versus 234 +/- 89 U/ml, p < 0.001), but normal sCD4 levels. Mean sCD23 levels remained normal in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (other than small lymphocytic), Hodgkin's disease, hairy cell leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), multiple myeloma, or solid tumors. Advancing Rai clinical stage was associated with a progressive elevation of sCD23 (p < 0.001), while sCD8 (p < 0.05), sIL-2R (p < 0.001), and sTfR (p < 0.005) were highest in stage 2 patients. Discriminant analysis confirmed the value of soluble receptor determinations in the clinical evaluation of CLL patients. sCD23 correlated with sIL-2R (p < 0.001) and sTfR (p < 0.05) but not with sCD4 or sCD8, and displayed an inverse relationship with serum IgE (NS) and total gamma-globulin (p < 0.05). sIL-2R correlated with sCD23 (p < 0.001), sTfR (p < 0.001), sCD4 (p < 0.01), and sCD8 (p < 0.01). The lymphocyte count correlated with serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p < 0.05), sCD23 (p < 0.001) and sIL-2R (p < 0.01) but not sTfR, sCD8, or sCD4. Chemotherapy produced consistent reductions of sCD23 levels in two responding patients. We conclude that: (i) sCD23 is considerably elevated in CLL, correlates with the tumor mass and clinical stage, and could be helpful in monitoring these patients; and (ii) sIL-2R, sCD8, and sTfR levels are less specifically increased and could be influenced by other factors such as immune activation and erythropoiesis.
Erratum: Electron-stimulated positive-ion desorption caused by charge transfer from adsorbate to substrate: Oxygen adsorbed on<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ti</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>110</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>[Phys. Rev. B 79, 081408 (2009)] (2009)

The ESD cross sections for the oxygen species should be corrected as follows; Q lattice O + = 5 2 10 -21 cm 2 , Q adsorbed O + =3 10 -18 cm 2 . Accordingly disregard the sentence "Thus the ESD cross section of O + ions from the O t species generated by hole formation in the Ti3p level is comparable or even higher than the gas phase ionization cross section for an oxygen atom." The main conclusions of the paper are not altered in any way.
Measurement of Phase Distortion* (1930)

This paper deals with the measurement of phase distortion or delay distortion and is particularly concerned with measurements on telephone circuits. For this purpose, use is made of a quantity defined as “envelope delay,” which is the first derivative of the phase shift with respect to frequency. Various methods for measuring this quantity and the principles on which they are based are discussed, the details of the measuring circuits being omitted and sources of further information referred to when possible. Data are included which give the measured envelope delay-frequency characteristics of several kinds of telephone circuits.
Altered lipid metabolism in a Drosophila model of Friedreich's ataxia (2010)

Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the most common form of autosomal recessive ataxia caused by a deficit in the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Although demyelination is a common symptom in FRDA patients, no multicellular model has yet been developed to study the involvement of glial cells in FRDA. Using the recently established RNAi lines for targeted suppression of frataxin in Drosophila, we were able to study the effects of general versus glial-specific frataxin downregulation. In particular, we wanted to study the interplay between lowered frataxin content, lipid accumulation and peroxidation and the consequences of these effects on the sensitivity to oxidative stress and fly fitness. Interestingly, ubiquitous frataxin reduction leads to an increase in fatty acids catalyzing an enhancement of lipid peroxidation levels, elevating the intracellular toxic potential. Specific loss of frataxin in glial cells triggers a similar phenotype which can be visualized by accumulating lipid droplets in glial cells. This phenotype is associated with a reduced lifespan, an increased sensitivity to oxidative insult, neurodegenerative effects and a serious impairment of locomotor activity. These symptoms fit very well with our observation of an increase in intracellular toxicity by lipid peroxides. Interestingly, co-expression of a Drosophila apolipoprotein D ortholog (glial lazarillo) has a strong protective effect in our frataxin models, mainly by controlling the level of lipid peroxidation. Our results clearly support a strong involvement of glial cells and lipid peroxidation in the generation of FRDA-like symptoms.
A Reservation-Based Extended Transaction Protocol (2008)

With the advent of the new generation of Internet-based technology, in particular, web services, the automation of business activities that are distributed across multiple enterprises becomes possible. Business activities are different from traditional transactions in that they are typically asynchronous, loosely coupled, and long running. Therefore, extended transaction protocols are needed to coordinate business activities that span multiple enterprises. Existing extended transaction protocols typically rely on compensating transactions to handle exceptional conditions. In this paper, we identify a number of issues with compensation-based extended transaction protocols and describe a reservation-based extended transaction protocol that addresses those issues. Moreover, we define a set of properties, analogous to the ACID properties of traditional transactions that are more appropriate for business activities that span multiple enterprises. In addition, we compare our reservation protocol with other extended transaction protocols for coordinating business activities and present performance analyses and results.
Molecular and cellular events at the onset of the lymphoproliferative process induced by HTLV-I (human T-cell leukemia virus, type I). (1991)

The human retrovirology opened its first chapter, 10 years ago, with the isolation and characterization of HTLV-I (Human T-cell leukemia virus, type I), a type C retrovirus, which was found to be etiologically linked first to adult T-cell leukemia and second to neurological disorders. Epidemiological data have indeed shown that patients who developed these diseases represent a small percentage of HTLV-I infected individuals living in restricted geographical areas. Experiments performed at molecular and cellular levels have revealed that HTLV-I plays an essential role in the initiation of the lymphoproliferative process. Indeed, viral particles deliver a mitogenic signal to human resting T lymphocytes. After proviral integration, two regulatory proteins--Tax and Rex--are controlling the replicative cycle of HTLV-I. The Tax protein trans-activates the proviral transcription and the Rex protein is essential in the synthesis of viral structural proteins. Furthermore, the Tax protein induces the transcription of several cellular genes involved in T-cell activation and proliferation. Studies are now aimed at identifying HTLV-I target cells among precursors of the T cell lineage and at unravelling the role of HTLV-I in the secondary events leading to leukemogenesis.
Phase-sensitive time-domain terahertz reflection spectroscopy (2003)

An approach to time-domain terahertz reflection spectroscopy is proposed and demonstrated. It allows one to obtain very accurately the relative phase of a reflected THz wave form, and consequently the complex dielectric function can be precisely extracted. The relevant setup was demonstrated to allow measurements of a variety of samples: we present results for doped silicon and for ferroelectric SrBi2Ta2O9 (bulk ceramics as well as thin film on sapphire substrates).
A Selected Bibliography in the Sociology of Law (1965)

A Selected Bibliography in the Sociology of law Anne Rankin Anne Rankin 1Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Problems, Volume 13, Issue suppl1, Summer 1965, Pages 54–57, https://doi.org/10.2307/799320 Published: 08 August 2014