gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated synthesis of interleaved memory systems for custom computing machines (2002)

This paper deals with methods of automated memory synthesis for Custom Computing Machines (CCMs). We focus the presentation on the synthesis of interleaved memory systems, which provide the quickest access to data at the cost of more parallel hardware. The synthesis of an interleaved memory system starts with the analysis of data access patterns in the algorithm, from which a number of possible storage schemes is derived. The storage scheme defines how the array elements can be distributed among different memory banks. The best storage scheme is then chosen according to a complex metric of cost and performance of the required memory system. This metric involves the schedule length of operations, the type and number of required memory chips, the cost and delay of address generation and the interconnection network. Results of our experiments demonstrate that the developed methods are capable to automatically synthesise storage schemes and interleaved memory systems, which are the same or better than those previously conceived by an experienced hardware designer.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of 111In-DTPAGlu-G-CCK8 for cholecystokinin-B receptor imaging. (2004)

Our findings indicate that the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of (111)In-DTPAGlu-G-CCK8 are favorable for CCKBR imaging, as the peptide shows high-affinity binding to the receptor, is internalized in CCKBR-expressing cells, and shows avid uptake in CCKBR-overexpressing xenografts, with rapid clearance of unbound radioactivity through the kidneys. Furthermore, the ease of synthesis, high labeling efficiency, and chemical stability of DTPAGlu make this chelating moiety an ideal candidate for widespread use in peptide radiolabeling for nuclear medicine applications.
Direct Stereoselective Synthesis of β-Thiomannosides (2000)

A highly diastereoselective synthesis of beta-thiomannopyranosides is described in which S-phenyl 2,3-di-O-benzyl-4, 6-O-benzylidene-1-deoxy-1-thia-alpha-D-mannopyranoside S-oxide is treated with triflic anhydride and 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine in CH(2)Cl(2) at -78 degrees C leading to the formation of an intermediate alpha-mannosyl triflate. Addition of primary, secondary, or tertiary thiols then leads to the beta-thiomannosides, by an S(N)2-like displacement, in good yield and with excellent stereoselectivity. Deprotection is achieved either by Birch reduction or by Zemplen deacetylation, of the acetyl protected aglycons, followed by hydrogenolysis over Pearlman's catalyst. The assignment of configuration of the beta-thiomannopyranosides is discussed in terms of the chemical shift of the mannose H5 resonance and the (1)J(CH) of the mannose anomeric carbon.
Recent Achievements in Developing Low Temperature and High Strain Rate Superplastic Materials (2001)

This paper is to briefly outline our recent activities in developing low temperature or high strain rate superplastic materials, including aircraft-used and general-purpose Al- and Mg-base alloys or composites, as well as Ti3Al base intermetallic alloys. The processing routes applied included the thermomechanical treatment, equal channel angular pressing and other extrusion or forging methods.
Powertrain Control by DBW System - Strategy and Modeling (1989)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">As one of promising vehicle control systems, the development of the DBW (Drive-By-Wire) system has been, in recent years, receiving a considerable attention in the automotive industry.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The DBW system is unique in the concept where optimum control of powertrain, not relying on the mechanical linkage between the accelerator and throttle valve, is available on any road conditions for the desired driveability.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper will discuss the basic strategy and power plant model involved in a DBW system, which has been under study and development at Mitsubishi.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This system gets the desired driving-axle torque by controlling the intake air flow as its basic control philosophy.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A linear powertrain model has been developed based upon a nonlinear power transmission, beginning from the throttle valve up to the driving-axle via torque converter.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Also, the prototype system, which controls the driving-axle torque according to the accelerator position, was implemented with the on-board microcomputer, and its practical application has been confirmed by vehicle testing.</div>
Comparison of the Depot Effect and Immunogenicity of Liposomes Based on Dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA), 3β-[<i>N</i>-(<i>N</i>′,<i>N</i>′-Dimethylaminoethane)carbomyl] Cholesterol (DC-Chol), and 1,2-Dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium Propane (DOTAP): Prolonged Liposome Retention Mediates Stronger Th1 Responses (2010)

The immunostimulatory capacities of cationic liposomes are well-documented and are attributed both to inherent immunogenicity of the cationic lipid and more physical capacities such as the formation of antigen depots and antigen delivery. Very few studies have however been conducted comparing the immunostimulatory capacities of different cationic lipids. In the present study we therefore chose to investigate three of the most well-known cationic liposome-forming lipids as potential adjuvants for protein subunit vaccines. The ability of 3β-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)carbomyl] cholesterol (DC-Chol), 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP), and dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) liposomes incorporating immunomodulating trehalose dibehenate (TDB) to form an antigen depot at the site of injection (SOI) and to induce immunological recall responses against coadministered tuberculosis vaccine antigen Ag85B-ESAT-6 are reported. Furthermore, physical characterization of the liposomes is presented. Our results suggest that liposome composition plays an important role in vaccine retention at the SOI and the ability to enable the immune system to induce a vaccine specific recall response. While all three cationic liposomes facilitated increased antigen presentation by antigen presenting cells, the monocyte infiltration to the SOI and the production of IFN-γ upon antigen recall was markedly higher for DDA and DC-Chol based liposomes which exhibited a longer retention profile at the SOI. A long-term retention and slow release of liposome and vaccine antigen from the injection site hence appears to favor a stronger Th1 immune response.
Activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-induced tryptophan degradation in advanced atherosclerotic plaques: Tampere Vascular Study (2009)

IDO and the IDO-related pathway are important mediators of the immunoinflammatory responses in advanced atherosclerosis offering new viable therapeutic targets for the development of antiatherogenic immunosuppressive therapies.
Cyclone Collection Efficiency: Comparison of Experimental Results with Theoretical Predictions (1985)

Abstract This paper describes the results of tests conducted on a Stairmand high-efficiency cyclone. The cyclone was pilot-plant scale with a design air flow of 0.139 m3/s (300 cfm). Collection efficiency and pressure drop were measured over a range of air flows at ambient temperature and pressure. An oil mist was used as a test aerosol because it consisted of spherical drops of uniform density unlikely to bounce or reentrain after striking the cyclone wall. At each air flow, a fractional efficiency curve (collection efficiency versus particle diameter) was determined. Experimental curves were compared with fractional efficiency curves generated by several cyclone efficiency theories. Over the range of particle sizes measured (1 to 7 μm), the predictions of a modified version of Barth's theory and the Leith-Licht theory were closest to experimental results.
Genetic and in vitro molecular hybridization of malate dehydrogenase isozymes in interspecific bass (Micropterus) hybrids (1971)

Summary Supernatant malate dehydrogenase (MDH) isozymes (as visualized by starch gel electrophoresis) are encoded by two distinct gene loci in both the largemouth and smallmouth bass. When an interspecific F 1 hybrid is formed between these two fish, a unique MDH isozyme is generated. The results of freeze‐thaw molecular hybridization (which is the first application of this technique to MDH) indicate that this unique isozyme in the F 1 hybrid is a heterodimer composed of one subunit of each parental type. The F 1 hybrids produced F 2 hybrids which in turn formed the F 3 hybrid population. The inheritance of alleles at the MDH‐B locus is consistent with a single Mendelian autosomal locus. Furthermore, there is no evidence of linkage between the lactate dehydrogenase‐E locus and the MDH‐B locus.
Development Frameworks for Microservice-based Applications (2020)

The microservice architectural style has gained much attention from both academia and industry recently as a novel way to design, develop, and deploy cloud-native applications. This concept encourages the decomposition of a monolith into multiple independently deployable units. A typical microservices-based application is formed of two service types: functional services, which provide the core business logic, and infrastructure services, which provide essential functionalities for a microservices ecosystem. To improve developers' productivity, many software frameworks have been developed to provide those reusable infrastructure services, allowing programmers to focus on implementing microservices in arbitrary ways. In this work, we made use of four open source frameworks to develop a cloud-based application in order to compare and evaluate their usability and practicability. While all selected frameworks promote asynchronous microservice design in general, there are differences in the ways each implements services. This leads to interoperability issues, such as message topic naming convention. Additionally, a key finding is the long startup times of JVM-based services that might reduce application's resiliency and portability. Some other advantages come directly from the programming language, such as the ability of Go to generate native binary executables, which results in very small and compact Docker images (up to 78% smaller compared to other languages).
Software Components Compatibility Verification Based on Static Byte-Code Analysis (2013)

Current enterprise systems are widely implemented using statically typed languages such as Java. One of the reasons are strong type checks at compile time that help prevent runtime errors. The static type checks are also well integrated into current development tools. One of the less explored area are, however, static type checks of binary software components. Since current software usually contains a large amount of third-party components, the compilers can no longer cover the static type checks of the final product, especially the inter-dependencies of the components are out of their reach. In this work, we propose an approach that analyses the byte-code of Java classes to reconstruct the mutual dependencies of respective components first. Then, the dependencies are examined to find any type inconsistencies. As a result, this approach detects dependency problems early in the development phase and prevents undesirable run time product failures caused by them.
Risks of Intestinal Anastomoses in Crohnʼs Disease (1991)

Six hundred fifty-eight intestinal anastomoses in 429 operations for Crohn's disease were studied prospectively during an 8-year period to detect variables connected with perioperative morbidity. Postoperative complications occurred in 9.7% of the patients, 4% had to be reoperated on, and the overall mortality rate was 0.5%. In multivariate analysis by stepwise logistic regression, the only variable significantly (p = 0.03) associated with overall rate of complications was long-term corticosteroid therapy. Serious complications were more common in cases of intra-abdominal abscesses (p = 0.01) and preoperative steroid medication (p = 0.03). The combination of both of these risk factors increased the rate of reoperations from 0.6% (no steroids, no abscess) to 16% (steroids and abscess). No significant association with postoperative complications could be found for age, sex, duration of disease, previous operations, nutritional status, emergency surgery, extent of disease, type, number, and localization of anastomoses, presence of proximal ileo-/colostomy, or histologically inflamed margins of resection.
Auto-mutual information function of the EEG as a measure of depth of anesthesia (2011)

Monitoring the depth of anesthesia (DOA) is necessary in order to decrease the incident of awareness in anesthesia and to prevent delays in the recovery phase. In the last decades a number of noninvasive methods have been proposed for the analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) for monitoring DOA. The objective of this work was to apply auto mutual information function (AMIF) to EEGs of patients under anesthesia in order to find variables able to characterize the following 4 states: awake, sedated, anesthetized and burst suppression episodes. The results show that the single and combined AMIF parameters were able to correctly classify the states in the range 72.2%-94.1% and 61.1%-100%, respectively.
Reviews and prospects of high-density RAM technology (2002)

We review memory-chip and memory-cell developments of various VLSI memories over the last three decades, trends in DRAM technology (such as power-supply schemes and gate oxide thickness compared with those of MPUs, memory-cell structures and multi-divided arrays for modern DRAMs), state-of-the art embedded DRAM technology for high-speed, low-cost and low-voltage designs, and prospects for emerging RAMs such as FeRAMs and MRAMs.
Entry to Heterocycles Based on Indium‐Catalyzed Conia‐Ene Reactions: Asymmetric Synthesis of (−)‐Salinosporamide A (2008)

Conica can: The In(OTf)3-catalyzed cyclization of nitrogen- and oxygen-tethered acetylenic malonic esters gives five- to seven-membered heterocycles in moderate to excellent yields (see scheme; Tf=trifluoromethanesulfonyl). The asymmetric synthesis of (−)-salinosporamide A illustrates the synthetic utility of the method.
Photosensitization of optical fiber by UV exposure of hydrogen loaded fiber (2003)

We report a photosensitization process in standard hydrogen loaded optical fiber. A persistent photosensitivity is produced by exposure to UV light that can be uniform or spatially tailored along the fiber length.
Effects of Active vs. Passive Recovery on Work Performed During Serial Supramaximal Exercise Tests (2004)

The current investigation was undertaken to determine the effects of active versus passive recovery on work performance during repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise. Six healthy sedentary subjects and 9 moderately trained healthy hockey players performed serial 30-second Wingate anaerobic power tests (WAnT) on a bicycle ergometer interposed with 4 minutes of active recovery at a work rate corresponding to 28 % of VO(2)max or passive recovery at rest. Peak power, mean power, total work achieved, and fatigue index were calculated for the serial WAnT. Capillary blood lactate was determined at 5-minute intervals after the last WAnT during 30 minutes of active or passive recovery. Mean power was significantly greater during active recovery in sedentary subjects when compared with passive recovery (388 +/- 42 vs. 303 +/- 37 W, p < 0.05), but did not differ according to recovery mode in moderately trained hockey players (589 +/- 22 W active vs. 563 +/- 26 W passive, p = 0.14). Total work achieved significantly increased during active when compared with passive recovery in sedentary subjects (34 890 +/- 3768 vs. 27 260 +/- 3364 J, p < 0.02) and moderately trained hockey players (86 763 +/- 9151 vs. 75 357 +/- 8281 J, p < 0.05). Capillary blood lactate levels did not differ during active when compared with passive recovery in sedentary subjects but were significantly lower during active when compared with passive recovery in moderately trained hockey players. These data demonstrate that active recovery at a work rate corresponding to 28 % of VO(2)max increases total work achieved during repeated WAnT when compared with passive recovery in sedentary subjects and moderately trained hockey players.
Recent progress in science and technology of flexible piezoelectric composite in Japan (2002)

Theoretical equations for dielectric piezoelectric and elastic properties of 0-3 composites are derived as a general solution based on a modified cube model using the equations from series and parallel models. Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of flexible composites consisting of a polymer and a single ceramic powder or ceramic powder mixture of two average particle sizes are investigated as a function of ceramic volume fraction and ceramic particle size or ceramic powder mixture ratio. Hydrostatic pressure dependences of these properties are also investigated and discussed theoretically based on a proposed model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Expression Profiling and Functional Analysis of Wnt Signaling Mechanisms in Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2004)

Through their broad differentiation potential, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are candidates for a range of therapeutic applications, but the precise signaling pathways that determine their differentiated fate are not fully understood. Evidence is emerging that developmental signaling cues may be important in regulating stem cell self-renewal and differentiation programs. Here we have identified a consistent expression profile of Wnt signaling molecules in MSCs and provide evidence that an endogenous canonical Wnt pathway functions in these cells. Wnts bind to Frizzled (Fz) receptors and subsequent canonical signaling inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), causing beta-catenin translocation into the nucleus to induce target gene expression. In human MSCs isolated from bone marrow of different donors, we appear to have identified a common Wnt/Fz expression profile using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Associated Wnt signaling components, including low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-5 (LRP-5), kremen-1, dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1), secreted Frizzled-related peptide (sFRP)-2, sFRP3, sFRP4, Disheveled (Dvl), GSK-3beta, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), beta-catenin,T-cell factor (TCF)-1, and TCF-4, were also identified. Nuclear beta-catenin was observed in 30%-40% of MSCs, indicative of endogenous Wnt signaling. Exposure to both Wnt3a and Li+ ions, which promotes canonical Wnt signaling by inhibiting GSK-3beta, reduced phosphorylation of beta-catenin in MSCs and increased beta-catenin nuclear translocation approximately threefold over that of the controls. Our findings indicate that autocrine Wnt signaling operates in primitive MSC populations and supports previous evidence that Wnt signaling regulates mesenchymal lineage specification. The identification of a putative common Wnt/Fz molecular signature in MSCs will contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation.
Gastric MALT lymphoma B cells express polyreactive, somatically mutated immunoglobulins (2009)

Gastric B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arises against a background of chronic inflammation caused by persistent Helicobacter pylori infection. The clinical and histopathologic features of the human tumor can be reproduced by Helicobacter infection of BALB/c mice. In this study, we have analyzed the antibody sequences and antigen specificity of a panel of murine and human MALT lymphoma-derived antibodies. We find that a majority of tumors in patients as well as experimentally infected mice are monoclonal. The tumor immunoglobulin heavy chain genes have undergone somatic hypermutation, and approximately half of all tumors show evidence of intraclonal variation and positive and/or negative selective pressure. Recombinantly expressed MALT lymphoma antibodies bind with intermediate affinity to various unrelated self- and foreign antigens, including Helicobacter sonicate, immunoglobulin G (IgG), DNA, and stomach extract; antigen binding is blocked in a dose-dependent manner in competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. A strong bias toward the use of V(H) gene segments previously linked to autoantibodies and/or polyreactive antibodies in B-cell malignancies or autoimmune pathologies supports the experimental finding of polyreactivity. Our results suggest that MALT lymphoma development may be facilitated by an array of local self- and foreign antigens, providing direct antigenic stimulation of the tumor cells via their B-cell receptor.
Clinical Neurology, Second Edition (1964)

Journal Article Clinical Neurology, Second Edition Get access Clinical Neurology, Second Edition. By Lord Brain Cloth, illus., 400 pp., New York: Oxford University Press, 1964. $8.75. James E. Griffin, Ph.D. James E. Griffin, Ph.D. 1Assistant Professor of Physical Therapy University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Physical Therapy, Volume 44, Issue 11, November 1964, Page 1049, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/44.11.1049a Published: 01 November 1964
Procedure Development and Practice Considerations for Inertia and Direct-Drive Friction Welding (1993)

Abstract Friction welding (FRW) is a solid-state welding process that uses the compressive force of the workpieces that are rotating or moving relative to one another, producing heat and plastically displacing material from the faying surfaces to create a weld. This article reviews practice considerations for the two most common variations: inertia welding and direct-drive friction welding. Direct-drive friction welding differs from inertia welding, primarily in how the energy is delivered to the joint. The article discusses the parameter calculations for inertia welding and direct-drive friction welding. It provides information on friction welding of carbon steels, stainless steels, aluminum-base alloys, and copper-, nickel-, and cobalt-base materials.
Environmental pollutants and allergic rhinitis (2012)

Environmental factors have been noted to induce sinonasal mucosal irritation and often contribute to the multifactorial cause of chronic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis. Cigarette smoke is a common irritant that impacts the innate immune function of the sinonasal epithelial cells, and creates local irritation and cytotoxic effects. Both active smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke increase the risk of chronic rhinitis. Many other environmental pollutants are associated with chronic rhinitis, including ozone, particulate matter, and occupational irritants. The management of chronic rhinitis associated with environmental exposures is similar to the management of other types of chronic rhinitis. Although often not feasible, avoidance is probably the most effective course.