gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning and nucleotide sequences of the genes for the subunits of NAD-reducing hydrogenase of Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 (1990)

The genes hoxF, -U, -Y, and -H which encode the four subunit polypeptides alpha, gamma, delta, and beta of the NAD-reducing hydrogenase (HoxS) of Alcaligenes eutrophus H16, were cloned, expressed in Pseudomonas facilis, and sequenced. On the basis of the nucleotide sequence, the predicted amino acid sequences, and the N-terminal amino acid sequences, it was concluded that the structural genes are tightly linked and presumably organized as an operon, denoted hoxS. Two pairs of -24 and -12 consensus sequences resembling RpoN-activatable promoters lie upstream of hoxF, the first of the four genes. Primer extension experiments indicate that the second promoter is responsible for hoxS transcription. hoxF and hoxU code for the flavin-containing dimer (alpha and gamma subunits) of HoxS which exhibits NADH:oxidoreductase activity. A putative flavin-binding region is discussed. The 26.0-kilodalton (kDa) gamma subunit contains two cysteine clusters which may participate in the coordination of two [4F3-4S]centers. The genes hoxY and hoxH code for the small 22.9-kDa delta subunit and the nickel-containing 54.8-kDa beta subunit, respectively, of the hydrogenase dimer of HoxS. The latter dimer exhibits several conserved regions found in all nickel-containing hydrogenases. The roles of these regions in coordinating iron and nickel are discussed. Although the deduced amino acid sequences of the delta and beta subunits share some conserved regions with the corresponding polypeptides of other [NiFe] hydrogenases, the overall amino acid homology is marginal. Nevertheless, significant sequence homology (35%) to the corresponding polypeptides of the soluble methylviologen-reducing hydrogenase of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum was found. Unlike the small subunits of the membrane-bound and soluble periplasmic hydrogenases, the HoxS protein does not appear to be synthesized with an N-terminal leader peptide.
The Oxford Knee for unicompartmental osteoarthritis. The first 103 cases (1988)

The Oxford Knee, a resurfacing prosthesis with a meniscal bearing, can be used for either bicompartmental or unicompartmental arthritis. The first 103 unicompartmental cases are presented at a mean time since operation of 36 months (range 21 to 56 months). In those cases with surviving arthroplasties, pain was relieved in 96%. The full range of pre-operative flexion was maintained and flexion deformity was improved from a mean of 6.7 to 5.4 degrees. Stability and alignment were restored to normal in nearly all the knees. Absence of the anterior cruciate ligament was associated with a significantly greater incidence of failure. Six failures occurred in 37 knees lacking a normal anterior cruciate ligament (16.2%); three occurred in 63 knees with a normal anterior cruciate ligament (4.8%) (p less than 0.02). Criteria for the future selection of patients have been deduced from our experience. The operation is recommended for knees with severe unicompartmental osteoarthritis in which all the ligaments are still intact.
<title>Recent developments in ceramic actuators</title> (1998)

In these several years, piezoelectric and electrostrictive materials have become key components in smart actuator/sensor systems such as precision positioners, miniature ultrasonic motors and adaptive mechanical dampers. This paper reviews recent developments of piezoelectric and related ceramic actuators with particular focus on the improvement of actuator materials, device designs and drive/control techniques of actuators. Developments will be compared among USA, Japan and Europe.
Magnetic bearing control using fuzzy logic (2002)

A fuzzy logic approach to improve the performance of a magnetic bearing control system is presented. Classical, linear design techniques are most often used to control the natural instability of these bearings but magnetic nonlinearities limit control effectiveness and the region of stable performance. Therefore, the idea here is to adjust the linear controller signal in such a way that nonlinear effects are better compensated. The relationships of attractive force to the electromagnet currents and air gap are described and compensated using fuzzy principles, rather than a precise model-based control approach. Computer simulations are used to confirm that a fuzzy description of nonlinear compensation does indeed improve system performance, without requiring an exact model of the bearing nonlinearities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A high speed protocol processor to execute OSI (1991)

A high-speed open systems interconnection (OSI) protocol processor is described which is intended for use in LAN adapters. The processor uses recently developed hardware for normal data transfer on layer 2 (LLC class 1), layer 3 (CLNP) and layer 4 (TP4). Connection control and abnormal data transfer (i.e. error handling) of OSI are executed by a general purpose microprocessor. In an experimental system, this processor increased OSI processing speed seven to 12 times over conventional systems. The new processor can therefore significantly improve LAN adapter performance by reducing the overhead associated with OSI processing time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical fiber smartphone spectrometer (2016)

An optical fiber-based smartphone spectrometer incorporating an endoscopic fiber bundle is demonstrated. The endoscope allows transmission of the smartphone camera LED light to a sample, removing complications from varying background illumination. The reflected spectra collected from a surface or interface is dispersed onto the camera CMOS using a reflecting diffraction grating. A spectral resolution as low as δλ∼2.0 nm over a bandwidth of Δλ∼250 nm is obtained using a slit width, ω<sub>slit</sub>=0.7 mm. The instrument has vast potential in a number of industrial applications including agricultural produce analysis. Spectral analysis of apples shows straightforward measurement of the pigments anthocyanins, carotenoid, and chlorophyll, all of which decrease with increasing storage time.
Schwannoma-derived growth factor must be transported into the nucleus to exert its mitogenic activity. (1993)

Schwannoma-derived growth factor (SDGF) is a mitogen and neurotrophic protein which belongs to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family. There are two basic amino acid clusters in the SDGF molecule which are homologous to the nuclear targeting signal of the simian virus 40-encoded large tumor antigen. Mutational analysis of these clusters showed that they function as nuclear targeting signals, and a gel retardation assay showed that SDGF binds to A+T-rich DNA sequences. Both the wild-type SDGF and a mutant defective in the nuclear targeting signals activate the immediate early genes NGFI-A and c-fos. The wild-type SDGF is a mitogen for Swiss mouse 3T3 fibroblasts, but the mutant defective in the nuclear targeting signals is not mitogenic. Moreover, wild-type SDGF potentiates [3H]thymidine incorporation in NIH mouse 3T3 cells bearing an EGF receptor defective in the kinase domain, whereas the mutant SDGF does not stimulate DNA synthesis. These results suggest that transport into the nucleus is required for SDGF to induce a mitogenic response.
Data Storage Studies on Nanowire Transistors with Self-Assembled Porphyrin Molecules (2004)

Detailed memory studies have been carried out based on In2O3 nanowires coated with self-assembled monolayers of porphyrins. Devices with redox-active Co-chelated porphyrin coatings exhibited prominent memory effects, where the bit was represented by the charge stored in the molecules and the nanowire conductance was used as the readout. These devices exhibited reliable operation with on/off ratios of ∼104 and were electronically programmable and erasable. Temperature-dependent retention measurements revealed a thermal activation behavior with a barrier of 264 meV. While devices with Co-porphyrin coatings showed efficient memory operation, analogous protio porphyrin coated nanowire devices exhibited no memory effects. A largely metal-centered oxidation (e.g., Co2+/3+) appears to be important for achieving a memory effect in these devices. Our results have convincingly established a direct correlation between the molecular structure and the observed memory effect, and further in-depth studies may eventually lead to systems useful for practical applications.
Facile synthesis of nano-sized hollow single crystal zeolites under mild conditions (2013)

We report a method to synthesize hollow ZSM-5 single crystals of a size below 100 nm that could function as nanoreactors with access through the zeolite micropores only. In the first step, ZSM-5 is synthesized with the respective crystal size. In the second, the zeolite is base leached and acid washed under mild conditions.
Identification of Genetic Determinants for the Hemolytic Activity of <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> by IS <i>S1</i> Transposition (1999)

Streptococcus agalactiae is a poorly transformable bacterium and studies of molecular mechanisms are difficult due to the limitations of genetic tools. Employing the novel pGh9:ISS1 transposition vector we generated plasmid-based mutant libraries of S. agalactiae strains O90R and AC475 by random chromosomal integration. A screen for mutants with a nonhemolytic phenotype on sheep blood agar led to the identification of a genetic locus harboring several genes that are essential for the hemolytic function and pigment production of S. agalactiae. Nucleotide sequence analysis of nonhemolytic mutants revealed that four mutants had distinct insertion sites in a single genetic locus of 7 kb that was subsequently designated cyl. Eight different open reading frames were identified: cylX, cylD, cylG, acpC, cylZ, cylA, cylB, and cylE, coding for predicted proteins with molecular masses of 11, 33, 26, 11, 15, 35, 32, and 78 kDa, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by cylA harbors a conserved ATP-binding cassette (ABC) motif, and the predicted proteins encoded by cylA and cylB have significant similarities to the nucleotide binding and transmembrane proteins of typical ABC transporter systems. Transcription analysis by reverse transcription-PCR suggests that cylX to cylE are part of an operon. The requirement of acpC and cylZABE for hemolysin production of S. agalactiae was confirmed either by targeted mutagenesis with the vector pGh5, complementation studies with pAT28, or analysis of insertion elements in naturally occurring nonhemolytic mutants.
Nuclear magnetic resonance sensors and methods for chemical sensing in tissue (2016)

Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016.
Causal Cross-Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Variability for describing the Impairment of the Cardiovascular Control in Neurally Mediated Syncope (2005)

A causal approach to the calculation of coherence and transfer function between systolic pressure (SP) and RR interval variability was applied in eight patients and eight control subjects during prolonged tilt test for investigating the impairment of cardiovascular control related to neurally mediated syncope. The causal analysis showed a depressed baroreflex regulation in resting patients, with reduced gain and increased latency from SP to RR, and a drop of the baroreflex coupling immediately before syncope. These findings, which were not elicited by traditional cross-spectral analysis, strongly suggest the use of the causal approach for the study of syncope mechanisms.
Comparative Pollution Contribution of Three Point Sources of Pollution to Urban Drainage Stream Degradation, Uyo (2014)

Three point sources of pollution of urban drainage stream, Uyo, namely: Municipal Solid Water Leachate effluent (MSWL), Municipal Waste Water (MWW) and Abattoir Waste Water (AWW),were identified and characterized using standard water examination methods to determine their constituent quality.Variance homogeneity, correlations of paired PS were tested with ANOVA and covariance using SPSS version 17. Paired samples correlations showed very high correlations (R = 92 â 99%). However, when properties were disaggregated into similar elemental constituents and tested, AWW and MSWL (in wet season) showed variance difference in solids and nutrients; all others showed variance homogeneity in heavy metals. Selective monitoring and control of common critical constituent pollutants is recommended.
Low-profile Slot Antenna integrated with a thin polymer non-metallic battery (2013)

In this study, a low-profile slot antenna was designed with the purpose of having the ability to be integrated into the structure of a layered non-metallic polymer battery. Using a set of previous published parameters for the slot antenna, the structure was modified in the CST Microwave Studio package in order to suit the needs of a battery substrate. A second slotted ground plane was attached beneath the antenna. The composite substrate and ground planes replicates the layered structure of a plastic planar battery, with the intention of reducing the size of the slots on the bottom plane which also acts as a battery terminal. The effect of the slot size and tan δ value of the substrate on the radiation patterns was also investigated.
ARMv8-A next-generation vector architecture for HPC (2016)

Presents a collection of slides covering the following topics: ARMv8 vector processing; scalable vector extension; SVE architectural state; vector loop control flow; SVE instruction set; restricted encoding; VL-agnostic (VLA) approach; vector partitioning; speculative first-fault loads; FFR; loop carried dependencies: and SVE scalar subloops.
A pediatric robotic thumb exoskeleton for at-home rehabilitation (2014)

Purpose – Pediatric disorders, such as cerebral palsy and stroke, can result in thumb-in-palm deformity greatly limiting hand function. This not only limits children's ability to perform activities of daily living but also limits important motor skill development. Specifically, the isolated orthosis for thumb actuation (IOTA) is 2 degrees of freedom (DOF) thumb exoskeleton that can actuate the carpometacarpal (CMC) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints through ranges of motion required for activities of daily living. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – IOTA consists of a lightweight hand-mounted mechanism that can be secured and aligned to individual wearers. The mechanism is actuated via flexible cables that connect to a portable control box. Embedded encoders and bend sensors monitor the 2 DOF of the thumb and flexion/extension of the wrist. A linear force characterization was performed to test the mechanical efficiency of the cable-drive transmission and the output torque at the exoskeletal CMC and MCP joints was measured. Findings – Using this platform, a number of control modes can be implemented that will enable the device to be controlled by a patient to assist with opposition grasp and fine motor control. Linear force and torque studies showed a maximum efficiency of 44 percent, resulting in a torque of 2.39±1.06 in.-lbf and 0.69±0.31 in.-lbf at the CMC and MCP joints, respectively. Practical implications – The authors envision this at-home device augmenting the current in-clinic and at-home therapy, enabling telerehabilitation protocols. Originality/value – This paper presents the design and characterization of a novel device specifically designed for pediatric grasp telerehabilitation to facilitate improved functionality and somatosensory learning.
Amino Resins (2000)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical Properties 3. Chemical Properties 4. Raw Materials 5. Production 5.1. Principle Aspects 5.1.1. Hydroxymethylation 5.1.2. Condensation 5.1.3. Principal Components of an Amino Resin Solution 5.2. Production Processes 5.2.1. Batchwise Production 5.2.2. Continuous Production 5.2.3. Production of Special Products and Foams 6. Environmental Protection 7. Types of Resins and Their Properties 7.1. Urea Resins (UF Resins) 7.1.1. Pure Urea - Formaldehyde Resins 7.1.2. Mixed Condensates 7.1.3. Condensation of Urea with Other Aldehydes 7.1.4. Resins from Urea Derivatives 7.1.5. Modified Urea Resins 7.2. Melamine Resins 7.2.1. Unmodified Melamine Resins 7.2.2. Modified Melamine Resins 7.3. Urethane Resins 7.4. Cyanamide and Dicyanodiamide Resins 7.5. Sulfonamide Resins 7.6. Aniline Resins 8. Analysis 9. Storage and Shipment 10. Uses 11. Economic Aspects
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation on Reading Comprehension (2019)

Reading comprehension (RC) has been studied in a variety of datasets with the boosted performance brought by deep neural networks. However, the generalization capability of these models across different domains remains unclear. To alleviate this issue, we are going to investigate unsupervised domain adaptation on RC, wherein a model is trained on labeled source domain and to be applied to the target domain with only unlabeled samples. We first show that even with the powerful BERT contextual representation, the performance is still unsatisfactory when the model trained on one dataset is directly applied to another target dataset. To solve this, we provide a novel conditional adversarial self-training method (CASe). Specifically, our approach leverages a BERT model fine-tuned on the source dataset along with the confidence filtering to generate reliable pseudo-labeled samples in the target domain for self-training. On the other hand, it further reduces domain distribution discrepancy through conditional adversarial learning across domains. Extensive experiments show our approach achieves comparable accuracy to supervised models on multiple large-scale benchmark datasets.
Electromagnetic precursors to earthquakes in the Ulf band: A review of observations and mechanisms (1993)

Despite over 2 decades of international and national monitoring of electrical signals with the hope of detecting precursors to earthquakes, the scientific community is no closer to understanding why precursors are observed only in some cases. Laboratory measurements have demonstrated conclusively that self potentials develop owing to fluid flow and that both resistivity and magnetization change when rocks are stressed. However, field experiments have had much less success. Many purported observations of low‐frequency electrical precursors are much larger than expectations based on laboratory results. In some cases, no precursors occurred prior to earthquakes, or precursory signals were reported with no corresponding coseismic signals. Nonetheless, the field experiments are in approximate agreement with laboratory measurements. Maximum resistivity changes of a few percent have been observed prior to some earthquakes in China, but the mechanism causing those changes is still unknown. Anomalous electric and magnetic fields associated with fluid flow prior to earthquakes may have been observed. Finally, piezomagnetic signals associated with stress release in earthquakes have been documented in measurements of magnetic fields.
Some asymptotic properties of the entropy of a stationary ergodic data source with applications to data compression (1989)

Theorems concerning the entropy of a stationary ergodic information source are derived and used to obtain insight into the workings of certain data-compression coding schemes, in particular the Lempel-Siv data compression algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Q-ESP: A QoS-Compliant Security Protocol to Enrich IPSec Framework (2009)

IPSec is a protocol that allows to make secure connections between branch offices and allows secure VPN accesses. However, the efforts to improve IPSec are still under way; one aspect of this improvement is to take quality of service (QoS) requirements into account. QoS is the ability of the network to provide a service at an assured service level while optimizing the global usage of network resources. The QoS level that a flow receives depends on a six-bit identifier in the IP header; the so-called differentiated services code point (DSCP). Basically, multi-field classifiers classify a packet by inspecting IP/TCP headers, to decide how the packet should be processed. The current IPSec standard does hardly offer any guidance to do this, because the existing IPSec ESP security protocol hides much of this information in its encrypted payloads, preventing network control devices such as routers and switches from utilizing this information in performing classification appropriately. To solve this problem, we propose a QoS-friendly encapsulated security payload (Q-ESP) as a new IPSec security protocol that provides both security and QoS supports. We also present our NetBSD kernel-based implementation as well as our evaluation results of Q-ESP.
Preparation and properties of soybean protein isolate adhesive used for pulp board (2012)

Effects of soybean protein isolate,apple polyphenol and sodium dodecyl sulfonate(SDS) dosage on performance of soybean protein isolate adhesive in different systems were discussed.The adhesive strength of pulp board,viscosity and hydrophobicity of soybean protein isolate adhesive were used as indexes,and the optimum preparation conditions of soybean protein isolate adhesive were determined by single factor experiment as follows:10 g soybean protein isolate was added into 5 g/100 mL of polyvinyl alcohol solution(100 mL volume),1.0 g glucose and 0.1 g sodium sulfite were mixed after stirring,high temperature treatment was conducted at 90 ℃ for 20 min,0.8 g apple polyphenol was added,then placed for 2 h at room temperature,0.20 g SDS and 0.1 g sodium alginate were added when pH value was 8.0,then placed for 1 h when the temperature was controlled at 35 ℃.Under the optimum conditions,the hydrophobicity,adhesive strength and viscosity were 2 676.4,0.77 MPa and 1 683 mPa·s,respectively.
Linking Virtual Machine Mobility to User Mobility (2016)

Cloud applications heavily rely on the network communication infrastructure, whose stability and latency directly affect the quality of experience. As mobile devices need to rapidly retrieve data from the cloud, it becomes an extremely important goal to deliver the lowest possible access latency at the best reliability. In this paper, we specify a cloud access overlay protocol architecture to improve the cloud access performance in distributed data-center (DC) cloud fabrics. We explore how linking virtual machine (VM) mobility and routing to user mobility can compensate performance decrease due to increased user-cloud network distance, by building an online cloud scheduling solution to optimally switch VM routing locators and to relocate VMs across DC sites, as a function of user-DC overlay network states. We evaluate our solution: 1) on a real distributed DC testbed spanning all of France, showing that we can grant a very high transfer time gain and 2) by emulating the situation of Internet service providers (ISPs) and over-the-top (OTT) cloud providers, exploiting thousands of real France-wide user displacement traces, finding a median throughput gain from 30% for OTT scenarii to 40% for ISP scenarii, the large majority of this gain being granted by adaptive VM mobility.