gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interworking Requirements to Support Operation of MPLS-TE over GMPLS Networks (2008)

Operation of a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) traffic engineering (TE) network as a client network to a Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) network has enhanced operational capabilities compared to those provided by a coexistent protocol model (i.e., operation of MPLS-TE over an independently managed transport layer).The GMPLS network may be a packet or a non-packet network, and may itself be a multi-layer network supporting both packet and non-packet technologies.An MPLS-TE Label Switched Path (LSP) originates and terminates on an MPLS Label Switching Router (LSR).The GMPLS network provides transparent transport for the end-to-end MPLS-TE LSP.This document describes a framework and Service Provider requirements for operating MPLS-TE networks over GMPLS networks. Kumaki
Mobile initiated priority access solutions for cellular networks (2005)

The rapid growth of wireless communication networks has provided subscribers with economical, and nearly ubiquitous, wireless access throughout the world. As a result, not only individual subscribers but also subscribers in government and public organizations have become dependent on commercial wireless services to perform their duties. With this said, commercial wireless services have become a more cost-effective means to assist national security and emergency preparedness as compared to the costly development of a private network. Sharing with commercial wireless services, however, could result in the blocking of security or emergency calls during or after a disaster when heavy traffic demand is placed on the surviving systems. We discuss enhancements to the mobile stations that make user initiated priority access possible. These enhancements can operate with or without the priority access provisioned in current or ongoing standards, and the additional complexity they impose is very marginal. With the combination of these enhancements, different levels of emergency call service can be provided to guarantee the success of emergency calls and shorten their setup time.
Design frame of a leg exoskeleton for load-carrying augmentation (2009)

This paper presents a design frame of a leg exoskeleton. The performance of an exoskeleton was analyzed by studying a model of a linear coupled 1-DOF human-exoskeleton system. The results showed that a low-impedance, anthropomorphic and well attached mechanical structure is benefit for the control of exoskeleton, and a direct force feedback control could also be implemented to further reduce the impedance. Three kinds of applied sensor interface were compared. A leg exoskeleton called ELEBOT was developed for validating control algorithm. The ELEBOT included four main parts: mechanical structure, hydraulic actuator, sensor and control system and power. The function of such a load-carrying robot is to reduce the injuries associated with the back and lower limbs after a long heavy walk. Experiment results with a simple force controller confirmed that ELEBOT could efficiently assist people walking with 30 kg payload now.
<title>Membranotropic photobiomodulation on red blood cell deformability</title> (2007)

To assess modulation of laser on erythrocyte permeability and deformability via cell morphology changes, healthy human echinocytes with shrinking size and high plasmic viscosity due to cellular dehydration were treated with 1 mW, 2 mW, 3 mW, and 5 mW laser power exposure respectively. Image analyzing system on single intact erythrocyte was applied for measuring comprehensive cell morphological parameters (surface area, external membrane perimeter, circle index and elongation index) that were determined by the modulation of erythrocyte water permeability and deformability to detect relationship between erythrocyte water permeability alteration and deformability. Our preliminary experiment showed that exposure under light dose of 5 mW for 5 min could induce more active erythrocyte swelling and deformation. water channel aquaporin-1(AQP-1) was inhibited by the incubation of HgCl<sub>2</sub> in the presence and absence of 5 mW laser irradiation. The result suggested that osmotic water permeability is a primary factor in the procedure of erythrocyte deformability. In addition, no modulation of laser(5mW) on erythrocyte deformability had been found when the echinocytes were cultured with GDP-β-S (G protein inhibitor).
Reaction of Iron Pentacarbonyl with gem-Dihalides (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of Iron Pentacarbonyl with gem-DihalidesC. Eugene CoffeyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 7, 1623–1626Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01468a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01468a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views247Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Single mode resonant cavities (1988)

This chapter discusses resonant cavity heaters. In the early evolution of microwave heating, such cavities made a very small impact on the industrial scene because they lacked the versatility inherent in multimode or non-resonant microwave applicators. Moreover, the development of associated microwave circulators and electronic control systems for automatic tuning and matching, to make them workable in an industrial plant, lagged behind. However, there are a number of specialised industrial applications which will benefit greatly from the unique advantages offered by single-mode microwave resonant applicators.
Wireless sensor networks powered by ambient energy harvesting (WSN-HEAP) - Survey and challenges (2009)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) research has pre-dominantly assumed the use of a portable and limited energy source, viz. batteries, to power sensors. Without energy, a sensor is essentially useless and cannot contribute to the utility of the network as a whole. Consequently, substantial research efforts have been spent on designing energy-efficient networking protocols to maximize the lifetime of WSNs. However, there are emerging WSN applications where sensors are required to operate for much longer durations (like years or even decades) after they are deployed. Examples include in-situ environmental/habitat monitoring and structural health monitoring of critical infrastructures and buildings, where batteries are hard (or impossible) to replace/recharge. Lately, an alternative to powering WSNs is being actively studied, which is to convert the ambient energy from the environment into electricity to power the sensor nodes. While renewable energy technology is not new (e.g., solar and wind) the systems in use are far too large for WSNs. Those small enough for use in wireless sensors are most likely able to provide only enough energy to power sensors sporadically and not continuously. Sensor nodes need to exploit the sporadic availability of energy to quickly sense and transmit the data. This paper surveys related research and discusses the challenges of designing networking protocols for such WSNs powered by ambient energy harvesting.
DetNet: A Backbone network for Object Detection (2018)

Recent CNN based object detectors, no matter one-stage methods like YOLO, SSD, and RetinaNe or two-stage detectors like Faster R-CNN, R-FCN and FPN are usually trying to directly finetune from ImageNet pre-trained models designed for image classification. There has been little work discussing on the backbone feature extractor specifically designed for the object detection. More importantly, there are several differences between the tasks of image classification and object detection. 1. Recent object detectors like FPN and RetinaNet usually involve extra stages against the task of image classification to handle the objects with various scales. 2. Object detection not only needs to recognize the category of the object instances but also spatially locate the position. Large downsampling factor brings large valid receptive field, which is good for image classification but compromises the object location ability. Due to the gap between the image classification and object detection, we propose DetNet in this paper, which is a novel backbone network specifically designed for object detection. Moreover, DetNet includes the extra stages against traditional backbone network for image classification, while maintains high spatial resolution in deeper layers. Without any bells and whistles, state-of-the-art results have been obtained for both object detection and instance segmentation on the MSCOCO benchmark based on our DetNet~(4.8G FLOPs) backbone. The code will be released for the reproduction.
Tetrodotoxin Blockage of Sodium Conductance Increase in Lobster Giant Axons (1964)

Previous studies suggested that tetrodotoxin, a poison from the puffer fish, blocks conduction of nerve and muscle through its rather selective inhibition of the sodium-carrying mechanism. In order to verify this hypothesis, observations have been made of sodium and potassium currents in the lobster giant axons treated with tetrodotoxin by means of the sucrose-gap voltage-clamp technique. Tetrodotoxin at concentrations of 1 x 10(-7) to 5 x 10(-9) gm/ml blocked the action potential but had no effect on the resting potential. Partial or complete recovery might have occurred on washing with normal medium. The increase in sodium conductance normally occurring upon depolarization was very effectively suppressed when the action potential was blocked after tetrodotoxin, while the delayed increase in potassium conductance underwent no change. It is concluded that tetrodotoxin, at very low concentrations, blocks the action potential production through its selective inhibition of the sodium-carrying mechanism while keeping the potassium-carrying mechanism intact.
Gene activation by UV light, fungal elicitor or fungal infection in <i>Petroselinum crispum</i> is correlated with repression of cell cycle‐related genes (1995)

The effects of UV light or fungal elicitors on plant cells have so far been studied mostly with respect to defense-related gene activation. Here, an inverse correlation of these stimulatory effects with the activities of several cell cycle-related genes is demonstrated. Concomitant with the induction of flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes in UV-irradiated cell suspension cultures of parsley (Petroselinum crispum), total histone synthesis declined to about half the initial rate. A subclass of the histone H3 gene family was selected to demonstrate the close correlation of its expression with cell division, both in intact plants and cultured cells. Using RNA-blot and run-on transcription assays, it was shown that one arbitrarily selected subclass of each of the histone H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 gene families and of the genes encoding a p34cdc2 protein kinase and a mitotic cyclin were transcriptionally repressed in UV-irradiated as well as fungal elicitor-treated parsley cells. The timing and extent of repression differed between the two stimuli; the response to light was more transient and smaller in magnitude. These differential responses to light and elicitor were inversely correlated with the induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, a key enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism. Essentially the same result was obtained with a defined oligopeptide elicitor, indicating that the same signaling pathway is responsible for defense-related gene activation and cell cycle-related gene repression. A temporary (UV light) or long-lasting (fungal elicitor) cessation of cell culture growth is most likely due to an arrest of cell division which may be a prerequisite for full commitment of the cells to transcriptional activation of full commitment of the cells to transcriptional activation of pathways involved in UV protection or pathogen defense. This conclusion is corroborated by the observation that the histone H3 mRNA level greatly declined around fungal infection sites in young parsley leaves.
Long-Term Cognitive Impairments and Pathological Alterations in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (2014)

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI, also referred to as concussion) accounts for the majority of all traumatic brain injuries. The consequences of repetitive mTBI have become of particular concern for individuals engaged in certain sports or in military operations. Many mTBI patients suffer long-lasting neurobehavioral impairments. In order to expedite pre-clinical research and therapy development, there is a need for animal models that reflect the long-term cognitive and pathological features seen in patients. In the present study, we developed and characterized a mouse model of repetitive mTBI, induced onto the closed head over the left frontal hemisphere with an electromagnetic stereotaxic impact device. Using GFAP-luciferase bioluminescence reporter mice that provide a readout of astrocyte activation, we observed an increase in bioluminescence relative to the force delivered by the impactor after single impact and cumulative effects of repetitive mTBI. Using the injury parameters established in the reporter mice, we induced a repetitive mTBI in wild-type C57BL/6J mice and characterized the long-term outcome. Animals received repetitive mTBI showed a significant impairment in spatial learning and memory when tested at 2 and 6 months after injury. A robust astrogliosis and increased p-Tau immunoreactivity were observed upon post-mortem pathological examinations. These findings are consistent with the deficits and pathology associated with mTBI in humans and support the use of this model to evaluate potential therapeutic approaches.
Semantic Annotation of High-Resolution Satellite Images via Weakly Supervised Learning (2016)

In this paper, we focus on tackling the problem of automatic semantic annotation of high resolution (HR) optical satellite images, which aims to assign one or several predefined semantic concepts to an image according to its content. The main challenges arise from the difficulty of characterizing complex and ambiguous contents of the satellite images and the high human labor cost caused by preparing a large amount of training examples with high-quality pixel-level labels in fully supervised annotation methods. To address these challenges, we propose a unified annotation framework by combining discriminative high-level feature learning and weakly supervised feature transferring. Specifically, an efficient stacked discriminative sparse autoencoder (SDSAE) is first proposed to learn high-level features on an auxiliary satellite image data set for the land-use classification task. Inspired by the motivation that the encoder of the prelearned SDSAE can be regarded as a generic high-level feature extractor for HR optical satellite images, we then transfer the learned high-level features to semantic annotation. To compensate the difference between the auxiliary data set and the annotation data set, the transferred high-level features are further fine-tuned in a weakly supervised scheme by using the tile-level annotated training data. Finally, the fine-tuning process is formulated as an ultimate optimization problem, which can be solved efficiently with our proposed alternate iterative optimization method. Comprehensive experiments on a publicly available land-use classification data set and an annotation data set demonstrate the superiority of our SDSAE-based high-level feature learning method and the effectiveness of our weakly supervised semantic annotation framework compared with state-of-the-art fully supervised annotation methods.
The Synthesis of Important Pharmaceutical Building Blocks by Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling Reaction: Access to Various Arylhydrazines (2005)

Abstract Various arylhydrazones have been successfully synthesized via a highly efficient palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction between aryl halides and benzophenone hydrazone. All the reaction parameters have been studied and coupling products were obtained with excellent yields from the corresponding bromides or chlorides.
Contact:Free Piezo:Electric Sensor Used for Real:Time Analysis of Inter Beat Interval Series (2016)

In heart rate monitoring, the Electrocardiogram (ECG) is commonly used and is considered to be the gold standard in the field. However, long term monitoring with ECG is rarely used except for ICU and 24-hours Holter. Prolonged cardiac monitoring in various setups can be achieved using a Ballistocardiogram (BCG), which serves as a convenient way for contact free monitoring of the heart activity.
Respiratory Depression in a Child Unintentionally Exposed to Transdermal Fentanyl Patch (1997)

A 2-year-old boy was found unresponsive after sleeping in bed with his grandmother. After the patient was intubated and ventilated, paramedics discovered a transdermal fentanyl patch on the victim's back. Removal of the patch and treatment with naloxone resolved symptoms. This is the first reported case of secondary exposure to a fentanyl patch causing clinically significant respiratory depression in the pediatric population, and it emphasizes a new hazard of such drug use.
Segmentation of tissue architecture by distance graph matching (1999)

The present method reduces the nonbiological variation in the analysis of tissue sections and thus improves confidence in the result. The method can be applied to any field where regular patterns have to be detected, as long as the directional distribution of neighbors may be neglected.
Emulating Nonreciprocity with Spatially Dispersive Metasurfaces Excited at Oblique Incidence (2016)

Ultrathin metasurfaces supporting transverse surface currents provide extreme electromagnetic wave front and polarization control. Here, it is shown that adding longitudinal (normal) surface currents significantly expands the scope of electromagnetic phenomena that can be engineered with reciprocal materials. In particular, these metasurfaces are inherently spatially dispersive, which allows them to emulate nonreciprocal phenomena. It is analytically shown that spatially dispersive metasurfaces are effectively self-biased by the transverse momentum of the incident wave front. Long-standing notions of what makes a metasurface reciprocal are reinvestigated, and generalized reciprocity relations are derived. Several metasurfaces are designed that imitate Faraday rotation and optical isolation when illuminated with obliquely incident plane waves and normally incident vortex beams. These new surfaces break the inherent symmetry of previous metasurface designs, enabling low-profile devices with unprecedented functionality.
Heme-Dependent and Independent Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Activators and Vasodilation (2010)

Since the discovery of nitric oxide (NO), which is released from endothelial cells as the main mediator of vasodilation, its target, the soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), has become a focus of interest for the treatment of diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction. NO donors were developed to suppress NO deficiency; however, tolerance to organic nitrates was reported. Non-NO-based drugs targeting sGC were developed to overcome the problem of tolerance. In this review, we briefly describe the process of sGC activation by its main physiological activator NO and the advances in the development of drugs capable of activating sGC in a NO-independent manner. sGC stimulators, as some of these drugs are called, require the integrity of the reduced heme moiety of the prosthetic group within the sGC and therefore are called heme-dependent stimulators. Other drugs are able to activate sGC independent of heme moiety and are hence called heme-independent activators. Because pathologic conditions modulate sGC and oxidize the heme moiety, the heme-independent sGC activators could potentially become drugs of choice because of their higher affinity to the oxidized enzyme. However, these drugs are still undergoing clinical trials and are not available for clinical use.
Using the Sky (2015)

In the mid 1990’s Deborah Hay’s work took a new turn. From her early experiments with untrained dancers, and after a decade of focusing on solo work, the choreographer began to explore new grounds of choreographic notation and transmission by working with experienced performers and choreographers. Using the Sky: a dance follows a similar path as Hay’s previous books—Lamb at the Altar and My Body the Buddhist—by exploring her unrelenting quest for ways to both define and rethink her choreographic imagery through a broad range of alternately intimate, descriptive, poetic, analytical and often playful engagement with language and writing. This book is a reflection on the experiments that Hay set up for herself and her collaborators, and the ideas she discovered while choreographing four dances, If I Sing to You (2008), No Time to Fly (2010), A Lecture on the Performance of Beauty (2003), and the solo My Choreographed Body (2014). The works are revisited by unfolding a trove of notes and journal entries, resulting in a dance score in its own right, and providing an insight into Hay’s extensive legacy and her profound influence on the current conversations in contemporary performance arts.
Imaging with second-harmonic radiation probes in living tissue (2011)

We demonstrate that second-harmonic radiation imaging probes are efficient biomarkers for imaging in living tissue. We show that 100 nm and 300 nm BaTiO(3) nanoparticles used as contrast markers could be detected through 50 μm and 120 μm of mouse tail tissue in vitro or in vivo. Experimental results and Monte-Carlo simulations are in good agreement.
<title>Gray Scale Imaging With Complex TGC And Transducer Arrays</title> (1976)

Ultrasound imaging of soft tissues places severe demands on the design of imaging systems because of the large range of echo amplitudes which may be encountered at any point in the body. Simple TGC curves are often inadequate in producing optimum gray scale images since the ultrasound traverses a variety of structures with substantially different attenuation coefficients. Phased array systems are shown to suffer from increased image ambiguity as compared to simple transducers, a result of discrete sampling of the aper-ture, which reduces the effective dynamic range which can be presented accurately. For a 16 element 1.7MHz array with 1.76 wavelengths interelement spacing the maximum side-lobes are only 6db below the main lobe. The use of different transmit and receive array geometries can improve the overall system spatial response. Experimental results from a 16 element 1.7 MHz transmit array with .88 wavelength interelement spacing and a receive array of the same frequency with 1.76 wavelength spacing indicated a reduction in the sidelobes to 13db below that of the main beam.
Efficacy and tolerability of α-galactosidase in treating gas-related symptoms in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial (2013)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01595932.