gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Src Family Kinases and Receptor Tyrosine Kinases by Dasatinib: Possible Combinations in Solid Tumors (2011)

Dasatinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets a wide variety of tyrosine kinases implicated in the pathophysiology of several neoplasias. Among the most sensitive dasatinib targets are ABL, the SRC family kinases (SRC, LCK, HCK, FYN, YES, FGR, BLK, LYN, and FRK), and the receptor tyrosine kinases c-KIT, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) α and β, discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), c-FMS, and ephrin receptors. Dasatinib inhibits cell duplication, migration, and invasion, and it triggers apoptosis of tumoral cells. As a consequence, dasatinib reduces tumoral mass and decreases the metastatic dissemination of tumoral cells. Dasatinib also acts on the tumoral microenvironment, which is particularly important in the bone, where dasatinib inhibits osteoclastic activity and favors osteogenesis, exerting a bone-protecting effect. Several preclinical studies have shown that dasatinib potentiates the antitumoral action of various drugs used in the oncology clinic, paving the way for the initiation of clinical trials of dasatinib in combination with standard-of-care treatments for the therapy of various neoplasias. Trials using combinations of dasatinib with ErbB/HER receptor antagonists are being explored in breast, head and neck, and colorectal cancers. In hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, trials using combinations of dasatinib with antihormonal therapies are ongoing. Dasatinib combinations with chemotherapeutic agents are also under development in prostate cancer (dasatinib plus docetaxel), melanoma (dasatinib plus dacarbazine), and colorectal cancer (dasatinib plus oxaliplatin plus capecitabine). Here, we review the preclinical evidence that supports the use of dasatinib in combination for the treatment of solid tumors and describe various clinical trials developed following a preclinical rationale.
Proportional EMG control for above knee pros-theses. (1974)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Thesis. 1974. M.S.
Mammalian monoamine-oxidizing enzymes, with special reference to benzylamine oxidase in human tissues. (1984)

A review is presented of the monoamine-oxidizing enzymes with special reference to the activity of benzylamine oxidase (BzAO) in human tissues. Methods of study of amine oxidases, properties (chiefly of BzAO) and some problems concerning substrate and inhibitor specificity and multiple forms of monoamine oxidase (MAO) are surveyed. The substrate specificity of human plasma BzAO is compared with that of amine-oxidizing enzymes in plasma or serum of other species. Correlations of plasma BzAO and platelet MAO activity with clinical findings are discussed. The distribution of amine oxidase activities in solid human tissues is reviewed, in particular BzAO in blood vessels and richly-vascularized tissues, as well as kinetic constants and altered patterns of activity of BzAO in human atherosclerosis. Activities of the amine oxidases in non-vascular smooth muscle, in cultured cells, and in various tissues related to human gestation, are discussed. The present knowledge of BzAO is discussed in terms of its possible clinical relevance to several human disease states, and the importance of the enzyme in the human body.
BUTYL LACTATE: A USEFUL COSURFACTANT TO PREPARE O/W MICROEMULSIONS WITH SDS (1999)

ABSTRACT The possibility of substitution of the conventional pentanol as cosurfactant by butyl lactate, on the preparation of OAV microemulsions in a system with SDS as anionic surfactant, is investigated. Whereas a narrow region of OAV microemulsion is described for the system with pentanol for a critical ratio 85/15 between water and SDS, butyl lactate leads to wider regions of solubility for different water/surfactant proportions, making easy the preparation of these microemulsions. Besides this advantage, being butyl lactate obtained from renewable resources and considered as a safe and biodegradable product, the microemulsions prepared with this cosurfactant could be applied in technological fields as cosmetic and dermopharmaceutical, where the biological agressivity of pentanol could avoid any practical application. As a complementary study, the influence that 1,3-buryleneglycol as polar cosolvent exert on the microemulsion regions, was also considered. Although according to experimental data given in the paper 1,3-butyleneglycol affects only slightly the OAV region of microemulsions, it can be foreseen that its presence could provide emollient characteristics to the final compositions.
Over-the-air demonstration of spatial multiplexing at high data rates using real-time base-band processing (2005)

Abstract. Over-the-air transmission experiments with a realtime MIMO test-bed are reported. We describe in principle a hardware architecture for spatial multiplexing at high data rates, discuss in detail the implementation on a hybrid FPGA/DSP platform and show measured bit error rates from indoor transmission experiments. Per-antenna rate control and joint transmission are enabled as well using an ideal feed-back link. A functional test of these new techniques is described while detailed transmission experiments are still ongoing.
Side chain engineering of fused aromatic thienopyrazine based low band-gap polymers for enhanced charge carrier mobility (2010)

A strategic side-chain engineering approach leads to the two orders of magnitude enhancement of charge carrier mobility in phenanthrene based fused aromatic thienopyrazine polymers. Hole carrier mobility up to 0.012 cm2/Vs can be obtained in thin film transistor devices. Polymers were also utilized to fabricate bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices and the maximum PCE obtained in these OPV's was 1.15%. Most importantly, performances of the devices were correlated with thin morphological analysis performed by atomic force microscopy and grazing incidence X-ray scattering.
Learning and repetitive control for complex systems: with application to large-format printers (2019)

In this thesis, a unified 2D learning control framework is developed that enables extreme performance for complex positioning systems that are subject to predominantly reproducing disturbances, comprising iterative learning control (ILC) and repetitive control (RC).The thesis includes the following main contributions towards achieving the posed challenges.First, low-complexity ILC and RC design procedures are developed for complex systems that have highorder multivariable dynamics and are subject to multiple disturbances.A range of techniques is presented that explicitly addresses trade-offs between modeling and performance requirements, and guarantee learning improvements through robustly stable designs.Second, algorithms are developed to learn accurate feedforward controllers from data, enabling superior performance for highly complex systems that perform varying motion tasks.The approaches address, among other aspects, non-causal control actions, automated tuning of controller complexity, and utilization of prior knowledge to improve learning behavior and performance.The developed learning approaches are successfully implemented on a range of complex positioning systems, including large-format printing systems such as flatbed and roll-to-roll printers, and a wafer stage setup, and demonstrate a large potential for improving positioning accuracy and speed.In addition, it is demonstrated that the application of learning control to large-format printers opens new opportunities for improved printing accuracy and productivity.This includes so-called continuous media flow printing to mitigate internal medium deformations, and the learning of printhead trajectories to correct for medium positioning errors.The overall result of this thesis is a comprehensive framework for learning control, ranging from theory and design to implementation aspects, that enables enhanced productivity and product quality in future positioning systems.
Timing is not everything: neuromodulation opens the STDP gate (2010)

Spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP) is a temporally specific extension of Hebbian associative plasticity that has tied together the timing of presynaptic inputs relative to the postsynaptic single spike. However, it is difficult to translate this mechanism to in vivo conditions where there is an abundance of presynaptic activity constantly impinging upon the dendritic tree as well as ongoing postsynaptic spiking activity that backpropagates along the dendrite. Theoretical studies have proposed that, in addition to this pre- and postsynaptic activity, a "third factor" would enable the association of specific inputs to specific outputs. Experimentally, the picture that is beginning to emerge, is that in addition to the precise timing of pre- and postsynaptic spikes, this third factor involves neuromodulators that have a distinctive influence on STDP rules. Specifically, neuromodulatory systems can influence STDP rules by acting via dopaminergic, noradrenergic, muscarinic, and nicotinic receptors. Neuromodulator actions can enable STDP induction or - by increasing or decreasing the threshold - can change the conditions for plasticity induction. Because some of the neuromodulators are also involved in reward, a link between STDP and reward-mediated learning is emerging. However, many outstanding questions concerning the relationship between neuromodulatory systems and STDP rules remain, that once solved, will help make the crucial link from timing-based synaptic plasticity rules to behaviorally based learning.
Assessment of Shoulder Range of Motion Using a Wireless Inertial Motion Capture Device—A Validation Study (2019)

(1) Background: Measuring joint range of motion has traditionally occurred with a universal goniometer or expensive laboratory based kinematic analysis systems. Technological advances in wearable inertial measurement units (IMU) enables limb motion to be measured with a small portable electronic device. This paper aims to validate an IMU, the ‘Biokin’, for measuring shoulder range of motion in healthy adults; (2) Methods: Thirty participants completed four shoulder movements (forward flexion, abduction, and internal and external rotation) on each shoulder. Each movement was assessed with a goniometer and the IMU by two testers independently. The extent of agreement between each tester’s goniometer and IMU measurements was assessed with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement (LOA). Secondary analysis compared agreement between tester’s goniometer or IMU measurements (inter-rater reliability) using ICC’s and LOA; (3) Results: Goniometer and IMU measurements for all movements showed high levels of agreement when taken by the same tester; ICCs > 0.90 and LOAs < ±5 degrees. Inter-rater reliability was lower; ICCs ranged between 0.71 to 0.89 and LOAs were outside a prior defined acceptable LOAs (i.e., > ±5 degrees); (4) Conclusions: The current study provides preliminary evidence of the concurrent validity of the Biokin IMU for assessing shoulder movements, but only when a single tester took measurements. Further testing of the Biokin’s psychometric properties is required before it can be confidently used in routine clinical practice and research settings.
Magnetic field dependence of galfenol elastic properties (2005)

Elastic shear moduli measurements on Fe100−xGax (x=12–33) single crystals (via resonant ultrasound spectroscopy) with and without a magnetic field and within 4–300 K are reported. The pronounced softening of the tetragonal shear modulus c′ is concluded to be, based on magnetoelastic coupling, the cause of the second peak in the tetragonal magnetostriction constant λ100 near x=28. Exceedingly high ΔE effects (∼25%), combined with the extreme softness in c′ (c′&lt;10GPa), suggest structural changes take place, yet, gradual in nature, as the moduli show a smooth dependence on Ga concentration, temperature, and magnetic field. Shear anisotropy (c44∕c′) as high as 14.7 was observed for Fe71.2Ga28.8.
Using occlusal wear information and finite element analysis to investigate stress distributions in human molars (2011)

Simulations based on finite element analysis (FEA) have attracted increasing interest in dentistry and dental anthropology for evaluating the stress and strain distribution in teeth under occlusal loading conditions. Nonetheless, FEA is usually applied without considering changes in contacts between antagonistic teeth during the occlusal power stroke. In this contribution we show how occlusal information can be used to investigate the stress distribution with 3D FEA in lower first molars (M(1)). The antagonistic crowns M(1) and P(2)-M(1) of two dried modern human skulls were scanned by μCT in maximum intercuspation (centric occlusion) contact. A virtual analysis of the occlusal power stroke between M(1) and P(2)-M(1) was carried out in the Occlusal Fingerprint Analyser (OFA) software, and the occlusal trajectory path was recorded, while contact areas per time-step were visualized and quantified. Stress distribution of the M(1) in selected occlusal stages were analyzed in strand7, considering occlusal information taken from OFA results for individual loading direction and loading area. Our FEA results show that the stress pattern changes considerably during the power stroke, suggesting that wear facets have a crucial influence on the distribution of stress on the whole tooth. Grooves and fissures on the occlusal surface are seen as critical locations, as tensile stresses are concentrated at these features. Properly accounting for the power stroke kinematics of occluding teeth results in quite different results (less tensile stresses in the crown) than usual loading scenarios based on parallel forces to the long axis of the tooth. This leads to the conclusion that functional studies considering kinematics of teeth are important to understand biomechanics and interpret morphological adaptation of teeth.
Fire Exclusion Destroys Habitats for At-Risk Species in a British Columbia Protected Area (2019)

Fire exclusion and suppression has altered the composition and structure of Garry oak and associated ecosystems in British Columbia. The absence of frequent low severity ground fires has been one of the main contributors to dense patches of non-native grasses, shrubs, and encroaching Douglas-fir trees in historical Garry oak dominated meadows. This case study uses remote sensing and dendrochronology to reconstruct the stand dynamics and long-term fire history of a Garry oak meadow situated within Helliwell Provincial Park located on Hornby Island, British Columbia. The Garry oak habitat in Helliwell Park has decreased by 50% since 1950 due to conifer encroachment. Lower densities and mortalities of Garry oak trees were associated with the presence of overstory Douglas-fir trees. To slow conifer encroachment into the remaining Garry oak meadows, we recommend that mechanical thinning of Douglas-fir be followed by a prescribed burning program. Reintroducing fire to Garry oak ecosystems can restore and maintain populations of plants, mammals, and insects that rely on these fire resilient habitats.
Urinary p75<sup>ECD</sup> (2017)

The assay for urinary p75<sup>ECD</sup> is analytically robust and shows promise as an ALS biomarker with prognostic, disease progression, and potential pharmacodynamic application. Baseline urinary p75<sup>ECD</sup> provides prognostic information and is currently the only biological fluid-based biomarker of disease progression.
Evidence for Peripheral Immune Activation in Parkinson’s Disease (2021)

The enhanced immune activation in the peripheral system is indicated in PD, and dynamic alterations in CD4+ T cell percentage and IgG level suggest an active role for peripheral immunity in the disease progression, especially in female PD patients.
A efficient and robust method for complexly faulted horizon reconstruction based on meshes cutting and interpolating (2012)

3d-geological modeling is a means of improving data interpretation through visualization, as well as a way to generate support for numerical simulations of complex phenomena. Reconstructing horizons from scattered point clouds is an omnipresent task in 3d-geological modeling. As the geometrical representation of faults network is not watertight in the process of modeling for the reason of efficiency, the reconstructed horizons cut by the fault network are often topological inconsistency. A robust and efficient method to reconstruct topologically and geometrically consistent horizons based on meshes cutting and Discrete Smooth Interpolation (DSI) is proposed to tackle this problem. By representing the faults network with both triangular and rectangular mesh, and under the guide of macro spatial topology, the initial continuous mesh of a horizon could be cut by the faults network efficiently and robustly. DSI is adopted to further adjust the non-manifold mesh of horizon to their proper position while keeping the topological contact relation unchanged. The result shows that the horizons reconstructed are consistent. It indicates that the method can solve the inconsistency of the horizons caused by the inconsistency of the faults network.
Merging project planning and Web enabled dynamic workflow technologies (2000)

The MILOS system supports dynamic coordination of distributed software development teams by integrating project planning and workflow technologies over the Internet. The three-tiered Java architecture enables plan refinements to be made on the fly, and a change management component automatically creates traceability relationships between project entities.
Photochemical syn-anti isomerization about the carbon-nitrogen double bond (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical syn-anti isomerization about the carbon-nitrogen double bondAlbert Padwa and Fred AlbrechtCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 15, 4849–4857Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00822a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00822a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views499Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
X inactivation, differentiation, and DNA methylation (1975)

A model based on DNA methylation is proposed to explain the initiation and maintenance of mammalian X inactivation and certain aspects of other permanent events in eukaryotic cell differentiation. A key feature of the model is the proposal of sequence-specific DNA methylases that methylate unmethylated sites with great difficulty but easily methylate half-methylated sites. Although such enzymes have not yet been detected in eukaryotes, they are known in bacteria. An argument is presented, based on recent data on DNA-binding proteins, that DNA methylation should affect the binding of regulatory proteins. In support of the model, short reviews are included covering both mammalian X inactivation and bacterial restriction and modification enzymes.
How Far Can Polymer Solar Cells Go? In Need of a Synergistic Approach (2011)

The photovoltaic effect in organic materials is an interesting research area because it offers fundamental knowledge, waiting to be explored, and the potential to offer low-cost technology to replace traditional inorganic solar cells. Worldwide research effort in this area is largely motivated by the desire to develop a new technology platform to cost-effectively harvest solar energy. Currently, researchers from different disciplines are focusing on developing new materials, performing physical studies to gain basic understanding of charge separation and transport mechanisms in these disordered soft material systems, and formulating new device structures and processing conditions in order to push the solar energy conversion efficiency above threshold for commercialization. This Perspective reviews some of the work that has been done over the past 20 years and describes the efforts in materials development to move beyond certain milestones. We emphasize the importance of a synergistic approach in developing new materials to continuously enhance the performance of organic photovoltaic cells.
Identification of <i>Brucella suis</i> Genes Affecting Intracellular Survival in an In Vitro Human Macrophage Infection Model by Signature-Tagged Transposon Mutagenesis (2000)

Bacteria of the genus Brucella are facultative intracellular pathogens which have developed the capacity to survive and multiply in professional and nonprofessional phagocytes. The genetic basis of this aspect of Brucella virulence is still poorly understood. To identify new virulence factors, we have adapted signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis, which has been used essentially in animal models, to an in vitro human macrophage infection model. A library of 1,152 Brucella suis 1330 tagged mini-Tn5 Km2 mutants, in 12 pools, was screened for intracellular survival and multiplication in vitamin D(3)-differentiated THP1 cells. Eighteen mutants were identified, and their attenuation was confirmed in THP1 macrophages and HeLa cells. For each avirulent mutant, a genomic fragment containing the transposon was cloned. The genomic DNA sequence flanking the transposon allowed us to assign functions to all of the inactivated genes. Transposon integration had occurred in 14 different genes, some of which were known virulence genes involved in intracellular survival or biosynthesis of smooth lipopolysaccharide (the virB operon and manB), thus validating the model. Other genes identified encoded factors involved in the regulation of gene expression and enzymes involved in biosynthetic or metabolic pathways. Possible roles in the virulence of Brucella for the different factors identified are discussed.
Staging of prostate cancer. Current TNM classification and future prospects for prognostic factors (1995)

In 1992, the American Joint Committee on Cancer, in collaboration with the International Union Against Cancer, published a revision of the TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) staging system for prostate cancer. One goal of this revision was to provide congruence of this system with the classical Whitmore staging classification. A second goal was to accommodate the frequently encountered clinical situation of a cancer detected because of a PSA abnormality with a normal digital rectal exam and imaging. These revisions of the staging system have been accepted well internationally. Ideally, improved communication among prostate cancer researchers and clinicians about the anatomic extent of a prostate cancer will be possible. Cancer 1995;75:1814–8.