gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the Apolipoprotein Gene Cluster by a Long Noncoding RNA (2014)

Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) is the major protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. We have identified an endogenously expressed long noncoding natural antisense transcript, APOA1-AS, which acts as a negative transcriptional regulator of APOA1 both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of APOA1-AS in cultured cells resulted in the increased expression of APOA1 and two neighboring genes in the APO cluster. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses of a ∼50 kb chromatin region flanking the APOA1 gene demonstrated that APOA1-AS can modulate distinct histone methylation patterns that mark active and/or inactive gene expression through the recruitment of histone-modifying enzymes. Targeting APOA1-AS with short antisense oligonucleotides also enhanced APOA1 expression in both human and monkey liver cells and induced an increase in hepatic RNA and protein expression in African green monkeys. Furthermore, the results presented here highlight the significant local modulatory effects of long noncoding antisense RNAs and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of manipulating the expression of these transcripts both in vitro and in vivo.
The Periodic Half-Width Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antenna With a Backward to Forward Scanning Capability (2010)

The periodic half-width microstrip leaky wave antenna (MLWA) with a backward to forward scanning capability is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna consists of a series of half-width MLWA. The radiating periods place on the different sides of the transmission line. The radiating period works in cutoff region of the first higher order mode, the periodic construction radiates the slow wave out along the edge. The experimental results show the main lobe scans electronically and continuously from 149° to 28° in H-plane ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">z</i> plane) toward end fire (+ <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">z</i> direction) when the operating frequency increases from 4.2-.9 GHz.
Legal docket-entry classification (2008)

We investigate the problem of binary text classification in the domain of legal docket entries. This work presents an illustrative instance of a domain-specific problem where the stateof-the-art Machine Learning (ML) classifiers such as SVMs are inadequate. Our investigation into the reasons for the failure of these classifiers revealed two types of prominent errors which we call conjunctive and disjunctive errors. We developed simple heuristics to address one of these error types and improve the performance of the SVMs. Based on the intuition gained from our experiments, we also developed a simple propositional logic based classifier using hand-labeled features, that addresses both types of errors simultaneously. We show that this new, but simple, approach outperforms all existing state-of-the-art ML models, with statistically significant gains. We hope this work serves as a motivating example of the need to build more expressive classifiers beyond the standard model classes, and to address text classification problems in such nontraditional domains.
Continuous Production of Predacious Mites in the Greenhouse (1980)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Les minorités arménienne et juive d'Iran (1961)

Lang C. L. Les minorités arménienne et juive d'Iran. In: Politique étrangère, n°5-6 - 1961 - 26ᵉannée. pp. 460-471.
A Thienoisoindigo-Naphthalene Polymer with Ultrahigh Mobility of 14.4 cm<sup>2</sup>/V·s That Substantially Exceeds Benchmark Values for Amorphous Silicon Semiconductors (2014)

By considering the qualitative benefits associated with solution rheology and mechanical properties of polymer semiconductors, it is expected that polymer-based electronic devices will soon enter our daily lives as indispensable elements in a myriad of flexible and ultra low-cost flat panel displays. Despite more than a decade of research focused on designing and synthesizing state-of-the-art polymer semiconductors for improving charge transport characteristics, the current mobility values are still not sufficient for many practical applications. The confident mobility in excess of ∼10 cm(2)/V·s is the most important requirement for enabling the realization of the aforementioned near-future products. We report on an easily attainable donor-acceptor (D-A) polymer semiconductor: poly(thienoisoindigo-alt-naphthalene) (PTIIG-Np). An unprecedented mobility of 14.4 cm(2)/V·s, by using PTIIG-Np with a high-k gate dielectric poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), is achieved from a simple coating processing, which is of a magnitude that is very difficult to obtain with conventional TFTs by means of molecular engineering. This work, therefore, represents a major step toward truly viable plastic electronics.
Decadence (1980)

As the 1860s drew to a close the quality in English black-and-white illustrations declined. Even Millais was not on top form towards the end of the decade. But Trollope on the whole had been very fortunate during the 'golden' years: Millais had collaborated superbly on four novels, and Marcus Stone and M. E. Edwards had each contributed creditable performances. Less successful, but not to be despised, was the work of G. H. Thomas for the Last Chronicle. The only substantial failure had been the drawings of Browne and Miss Taylor for Can You Forgive Her? But if the 1860s had in the main provided Trollope's fiction with effective illustration, the close of the decade and the beginning of the next produced illustrations that can only be said to mar his books. Not enough evidence remains to establish the degree to which Trollope became resigned and indifferent in the matter of illustration; we simply do not know how active a role he played with regard to the drawings for The Vicar of Bullhampton, Ralph the Heir, Phineas Redux, and The Way We Live Now.
ovstack: A protocol stack of common data plane for overlay networks (2014)

Various overlay networks have been proposed and developed to increase flexibility on networks to address issues of the IP network. However, the existing overlay networks have two problems: 1) the topology of existing overlays is essentially full-mesh tunneling topology, 2) dependence of control plane and data plane. The full-mesh tunneling topology cannot enable the overlay routing for performance improvement of networks. The dependence of them causes complication of operations due to the isolation of overlay networks, and increases development costs. To improve the problems, we propose a new abstraction layer provides a common architecture for data planes of overlay networks that can deploy overlay routing. Based on the architecture, we design and implement a protocol stack, called ovstack. In this paper, we describe the architecture, design and implementation, then evaluate the performance of overlays including ovstack. The ovstack can contribute to construct more flexible overlay networks on the current networks easily.
Information Hiding into Interaural Phase Differences for Stereo Audio Signals (2009)

Herein a new information hiding method for stereo audio signals, which focuses on the auditory character of binaural hearing where the interaural phase differences affect the perceived direction of sound images, is proposed. Information hiding is executed by modifying the interaural phase differences for components, which have sound images that are perceived as spatially broad. Thus, distortions caused by phase alterations should be perceptually negligible, enabling a large phase modification; hence, the method is robust against legitimate signal processing. Computer simulations reveal that the proposed method can embed extra information with large payload, but is fragile to certain types of signal processing.
Highly reliable one-micron-rule interconnection utilizing TiN barrier metal (1985)

A lum-rule interconnection structure is described especially in terms of contact characteristics of Al-Si to BF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -implanted Si.(1-5) It is found that contact resistance of Al-Si to BF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -implanted Si increases more drastically than those to B <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> - and As <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -implanted Si, as contact hole size is reduced down to around lum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . With SEM and TEM analyses, a model that Si solid phase epitaxial growth take place on contact surface, where crystalline defect induced by BF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> implantation act as the seed, and thus effective metal contact area to Si is drastically reduced, is established. As a solution for this problem, a new metallization system with a TiN barrier metal is proposed and its feasibility is confirmed.
Optical computed tomography for biomedical objects based on coherent detection imaging method (1992)

Abstract This paper summarizes a series of studies aiming at realization of computed tomography imaging (CT) by laser beam for actual in vitro biological samples, which is the first successful trial achieved in the world. The method is realized first by image reconstruction, which detects and selects only the weak transmitted light component buried in stronger multiple scattered light, using the optical heterodyne detection with a very high directivity and sensitivity. This is called coherent detection imaging (CDI). To realize the optical CT using the laser light based on the projection theorem, the following three conditions should essentially be satisfied: (1) The direct‐transmitted light component in the biological system with multiple scattering should accurately be selected and detected. (2) The Lambert‐Beer law should be applied to the selectively detected direct‐transmitted light component. (3) There must exist a direct‐transmitted light component in the medium with complex distribution of refraction index as well as complex boundaries. The authors examined the medium in which the sample is buried and cannot be observed, not only by the naked eye but also by the traditional direct detection method. It was verified experimentally that the three conditions for the realization of the optical CT are applicable, and it was demonstrated that optical CT imaging is feasible for actual samples using the CDI method.
CXCR4 Chemokine Receptor Signaling Mediates Pain in Diabetic Neuropathy (2014)

These data suggest that CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling mediates enhanced calcium influx and excitability in DRG neurons responsible for PDN. Simultaneously, CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling may coordinate inflammation in diabetic DRG that could contribute to the development of pain in diabetes. Therefore, targeting CXCR4 chemokine receptors may represent a novel intervention for treating PDN.
Theoretical Prediction of One- and Two-Photon Absorption Properties of <i>N</i>-Annulated Quaterrylenes as Near-Infrared Chromophores (2011)

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have attracted increasing attention due to high potentiality in nanoelectronics. In the present study, quantum-chemical calculations of structural and nonlinear optical properties have been first carried out for the nanoelectronical materials, a new series of ladder-type N-annulated quaterrylenes and their imide chromophores. The effects of the solvent, terminal groups, the number of N-annulated bridges, and π-conjugated length are discussed in detail. The solvent effect is significant on the one-photon absorption (OPA). Moreover, the OPA and two-photon absorption (TPA) properties of the two series of DI and N-MI molecules show a clear solvent dependence, which is attributed to the carboximide substitution featuring larger polarization. Introducing electron-donating groups and dicarboximides and increasing the conjugated length lead to red-shifts of the OPA, emission, and TPA spectra, lower emission lifetimes, and enhanced TPA cross sections (δ(max)), but further extension of the conjugated framework does not always promote an increase of δ(max). The changing trends of δ(max) can be explained by the transition moment and the intramolecular charge transfer. All N-annulated quaterrylene and their imide derivatives possess small energy gaps, intense near-infrared absorption and emission, and large δ(max), which are important for use as two-photon fluorescent labeling materials.
Novel Variant Serotype of Streptococcus suis Isolated from Piglets with Meningitis (2014)

Streptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen causing severe infections in pigs and humans. In previous studies, 33 serotypes of S. suis have been identified using serum agglutination. Here, we describe a novel S. suis strain, CZ130302, isolated from an outbreak of acute piglet meningitis in eastern China. Strong pathogenicity of meningitis caused by strain CZ130302 was reproduced in the BALB/c mouse model. The strain showed a high fatality rate (8/10), higher than those for known virulent serotype 2 strains P1/7 (1/10) and 9801 (2/10). Cell adhesion assay results with bEnd.3 and HEp2 cells showed that CZ130302 was significantly close to P1/7 and 9801. Both the agglutination test and its complementary test showed that strain CZ130302 had no strong cross-reaction with the other 33 S. suis serotypes. The multiplex PCR assays revealed no specified bands for all four sets used to detect the other 33 serotypes. In addition, genetic analysis of the whole cps gene clusters of all serotypes was performed in this study. The results of comparative genomics showed that the cps gene cluster of CZ130302, which was not previously reported, showed no homology to the gene sequences of the other strains. Especially, the wzy, wzx, and acetyltransferase genes of strain CZ130302 are phylogenetically distinct from strains of the other 33 serotypes. Therefore, this study suggested that strain CZ130302 represents a novel variant serotype of S. suis (designated serotype Chz) which has a high potential to be virulent and associated with meningitis in animals.
The burden associated with neuropathic pain in Western Europe (2012)

The presence of NeP is associated with an increased disease burden in the chronic pain population. This is seen in terms of HRQoL, health status, employment experience, and direct medical costs.
Complement Activated by Chimeric Anti–Folate Receptor Antibodies Is an Efficient Effector System to Control Ovarian Carcinoma (2006)

Two chimeric monoclonal antibodies (mAb), cMOV18 and cMOV19, recognizing distinct epitopes of folate receptor highly expressed on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells were analyzed for their ability to activate complement (C) as a means to enhance their antitumor activity. The individual cMOVs failed to activate C on six EOC cell lines as documented by the marginal deposition of C components and the negligible C-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Conversely, the mixture of cMOVs was more effective, although the percentage of cell killing did not exceed 25%. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis of EOC cells for surface expression of the membrane C regulatory proteins (mCRP) revealed high levels of CD46, variable expression of CD59, and absence of CD55. This finding was confirmed in tumor tissue specimens obtained from advanced-stage EOC patients and analyzed for the expression of mCRPs mRNA using a cDNA microarray and for the presence of proteins by immunohistochemistry. Incubation of EOC cells with neutralizing mAbs to CD46 and CD59 led to a significant increase in the CDC from 10%-20% to 45%-50%. The relative contribution of antibody-dependent cell cytoxicity (ADCC) and C-dependent killing of two EOC cell lines induced by the mixture of cMOV18 and cMOV19 was about 15% and 25%-35%, respectively, bringing the total killing to about 40%-50%. This value increased to 60%-70% after neutralization of CD46 and CD59 without an appreciable change of ADCC. These results suggest that C is the major contributor to the killing of EOC cells induced by the mixture of cMOV18 and cMOV19.
Pyrolysis of Mixed Plastic Wastes for the Recovery of Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene (BTX) Aromatics in a Fluidized Bed and Chlorine Removal by Applying Various Additives (2009)

Mixed plastic wastes are very difficult to mechanically recycle into new products because of their nonhomogeneity. Therefore, pyrolysis and gasification seem to be very effective in the extraction of energy from mixed plastic wastes in the form of oil and gas. In this study, a fraction of mixed plastic wastes was pyrolyzed in a bench-scale plant equipped with a fluidized-bed reactor and a char removal system. This study has two aims. The first is to find out the optimum reaction temperature for a high yield of benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) aromatics. The second is to find out the best additive for chlorine removal. To find out the optimum reaction temperature for the maximum BTX content, experiments at a temperature range of 660−780 °C were carried out. The pyrolysis oils that were obtained from the experiments were composed of aliphatics and mono- and polyaromatic compounds. The reaction temperature had a positive effect on the BTX aromatics yield. The maximum BTX aromatics yield was obtained at 719 °C, with a value of 18 wt % of the organic product. The pyrolysis oils had almost no metal content. The metals that were present in the feed material were concentrated in the solid product, the char. It seems that the char removal system, which was composed of a cyclone and a hot filter, almost perfectly removed the char particles. Besides the pyrolysis oil, a combustible gas was also obtained. The main components of the gas were CH4, C2H4, C3H6, C4H6, and C4H10. The higher heating value of the product gas was about 50 MJ/kg. To absorb the hydrogen chloride that was formed from the degradation of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in the mixed plastic wastes, additives (calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, crushed oyster shells, and rice straw) were added to a fraction of the mixed plastic wastes. In the experiments without any additive, the chlorine contents of the pyrolysis oils were 350−500 ppm. When the additives, especially calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and crushed oyster shells, were applied, the chlorine content of the pyrolysis oils significantly decreased to 50 ppm. The results of this study suggest that the use of oyster shells as a HCl absorbent can stimulate the recycling of waste oyster shells, which are abundant in Korea.
Fly-through synthesis of nanoparticles on textile and paper substrates (2019)

The fast and efficient synthesis of nanoparticles on flexible and lightweight substrates is increasingly critical for various medical and wearable applications. However, conventional high temperature (high-T) processes for nanoparticle synthesis are intrinsically incompatible with temperature-sensitive substrates, including textiles and paper (i.e. low-T substrates). In this work, we report a non-contact, 'fly-through' method to synthesize nanoparticles on low-T substrates by rapid radiative heating under short timescales. As a demonstration, textile substrates loaded with platinum (Pt) salt precursor are rapidly heated and quenched as they move across a 2000 K heating source at a continuous production speed of 0.5 cm s-1. The rapid radiative heating method induces the thermal decomposition of various precursor salts and nanoparticle formation, while the short duration ensures negligible change to the respective low-T substrate along with greatly improved production efficiency. The reported method can be generally applied to the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (e.g. gold and ruthenium) on various low-T substrates (e.g. paper). The non-contact and continuous 'fly-through' synthesis offers a robust and efficient way to synthesize supported nanoparticles on flexible and lightweight substrates. It is also promising for ultrafast and roll-to-roll manufacturing to enable viable applications.
Detection of Viable Cryptosporidium parvum in Soil by Reverse Transcription–Real-Time PCR Targeting <i>hsp70</i> mRNA (2011)

Extraction of high-quality mRNA from Cryptosporidium parvum is a key step in PCR detection of viable oocysts in environmental samples. Current methods for monitoring oocysts are limited to water samples; therefore, the goal of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive procedure for Cryptosporidium detection in soil samples. The efficiencies of five RNA extraction methods were compared (mRNA extraction with the Dynabeads mRNA Direct kit after chemical and physical sample treatments, and total RNA extraction methods using the FastRNA Pro Soil-Direct, PowerSoil Total RNA, E.Z.N.A. soil RNA, and Norgen soil RNA purification kits) for the direct detection of Cryptosporidium with oocyst-spiked sandy, loamy, and clay soils by using TaqMan reverse transcription-PCR. The study also evaluated the presence of inhibitors by synthesis and incorporation of an internal positive control (IPC) RNA into reverse transcription amplifications, used different facilitators (bovine serum albumin, yeast RNA, salmon DNA, skim milk powder, casein, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium hexametaphosphate, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi) to mitigate RNA binding on soil components, and applied various treatments (β-mercaptoethanol and bead beating) to inactivate RNase and ensure the complete lysis of oocysts. The results of spiking studies showed that Salmonella cells most efficiently relieved binding of RNA. With the inclusion of Salmonella during extraction, the most efficient mRNA method was Dynabeads, with a detection limit of 6 × 10(2) oocysts g(-1) of sandy soil. The most efficient total RNA method was PowerSoil, with detection limits of 1.5 × 10(2), 1.5 × 10(3), and 1.5 × 10(4) C. parvum oocysts g(-1) soil for sandy, loamy, and clay samples, respectively.
A Neural Key Generator for a Public Block Cipher (2006)

In this paper, the applicability of using an artificial Spiking Neural Network with a symmetric block cipher is explored. Our goal is to develop a novel neural block cipher where the keys are generated by a spiking neural network and can have any desired block length. With the new algorithm the private keys do not have to be exchanged and present a stronger process of key scheduling. The system allows a rapid change in encryption keys and a network level encryption to be done at very high speed without the problem of factorization of other systems. The block cipher will be transformed in a public cryptosystem, less vulnerable to brute force attacks, and it is hoped to be also resistant to linear attacks since the spiking neuron network architecture brings non-linearity to the encryption/decryption process.