gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel self‐capping mechanism controls aggregation of periplasmic chaperone Caf1M (2007)

The chaperone Caf1M belongs to a family of ATP-independent periplasmic chaperones that together with outer membrane ushers assemble and secrete filamentous adhesion organelles in Gram-negative pathogens. It assists in folding and transport of Caf1 subunits of the F1 capsular antigen of Yersinia pestis, the microbe causing bubonic plague. In the periplasm, Caf1M prevents subunit aggregation by capping the extensive hydrophobic surface of activated Caf1. We found that subunit-free Caf1M exists predominantly as a tetramer [K(d) = (2-30) x 10(-14) M(3) in the 12-37 degrees C interval]. A 2.9 A resolution crystal structure of the Caf1M tetramer reveals that each of the four molecules contribute its subunit binding sequences (the A(1) and G(1) strands) to form an eight-stranded hetero-sandwich with a well-packed phenylalanine-rich hydrophobic core. Tetramerization protects chaperone molecules against enzymatic proteolysis. Deletions in the subunit binding motifs completely abolish tetramer assembly, suggesting that the hetero-sandwich is the main structural feature holding the tetramer together. Arresting tetramer assembly by a deletion of the N-terminal binding motif, while leaving the major subunit binding motif VGVFVQFAI (G(1) strand) intact, results in accumulation of unspecific aggregates. Deletions in the VGVFVQFAI motif abolish both tetramer assembly and aggregation, consistent with the predicted high beta-aggregation propensity for this motif. These results suggest that the packing of the aggregation-prone subunit binding sequences into the hetero-domain is a novel molecular mechanism preventing unspecific aggregation of the free chaperone.
PtSi–<i>n</i>–Si Schottky-barrier photodetectors with stable spectral responsivity in the 120–250 nm spectral range (1996)

Front-illuminated PtSi–n–Si Schottky barrier photodiodes have been developed for the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet spectral range. Their spectral responsivity was determined in the 120–500 nm spectral range by use of a cryogenic electrical substitution radiometer operated with spectrally dispersed synchrotron radiation. For wavelengths below 250 nm, the spectral responsivity is about 0.03 A/W, comparable to that of GaAsP Schottky photodiodes. Unlike the GaAsP diodes, the new PtSi–n–Si diodes have a spatially uniform response which is virtually stable after prolonged exposure to short wavelength radiation. Even after a radiant exposure of 150 mJ cm−2 at wavelength 120 nm, the relative reduction in spectral responsivity remains below 0.2%. Due to these features, this type of photodiode is a promising candidate for use as secondary detector standard in the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet spectral ranges.
Quantum dots-based lateral flow immunoassay combined with image analysis for semiquantitative detection of IgE antibody to mite (2017)

Semiquantitative and rapid detection of specific IgE (sIgE) with well clinical relevance to house dust mite (HDM) are promising for prevalence rhinitis and asthma patients due to the increasing air pollution. However, the conventional IgE measurement systems are time-consuming, complicated and require special instruments. Herein, we overcome the above limitations of sIgE to HDM detection system by developing a quantum dot nanobeads-based lateral flow immunoassay and an image analysis procedure. The proposed detection system could semiquantitatively measure the IgE in a linear range of 0.2-10 U/mL. Moreover, there is a well correlation between the developed detection system and the clinical symptoms by a comparison study using 56 positive patients' sera and 40 healthy control sera. The proposed detection system is simple, robust and easy-to-use and promising for in home test.
Regulation of T Helper 17 by Bacteria: An Approach for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2012)

T helper 17 (T(H)17) is a novel subset of T helper cells that has recently been identified in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor environment. Its presence seems to be linked with HCC progression, possibly via facilitating angiogenesis. The origin of tumor-associated T(H)17 may be related to the gut, in which the differentiation of T cells, especially T(H)17 cells, is affected by microbiota. As T(H)17 may appear to be a new therapeutic target against tumor-promoting inflammation, strategies such as using probiotics to polarize the response away from T(H)17 may be beneficial to slow down tumor progression. This paper will attempt to discuss the potential linkage between HCC progression, T(H)17, and gut microbiota and the possible therapeutic implications of probiotics to modulate T(H)17-mediated response for tumor growth.
Rufinamide Attenuates Mechanical Allodynia in a Model of Neuropathic Pain in the Mouse and Stabilizes Voltage-gated Sodium Channel Inactivated State (2012)

At doses alleviating neuropathic pain, amitriptyline showed alteration of behavioral response possibly related to either alteration of basal pain sensitivity or sedative effect or both. Side-effects and drug tolerance/compliance are major problems with drugs such as amitriptyline. Rufinamide seems to have a better tolerability profile and could be a new alternative to explore for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Modeling the transient rate behavior of bandwidth sharing as a hybrid control system (2018)

This paper uses hybrid control to model a problem of computer network systems, the dynamic behavior of bandwidth sharing among competing TCP traffic. It has been well known in the computer network community that well-behaved (TCP-friendly) congestion control mechanisms are crucial to the robustness of the Internet. Congestion control determines the transmission rate for each flow. Right now, most TCP-friendly research focuses only on the average throughput behavior without considering how the data is sent out in the short-term (e.g. bursty or smooth). However, recent experimental results show that short-term rate adjustments can change the bandwidth sharing result. Therefore, it is important to study the dynamic behavior of bandwidth sharing, and its impact on the long-term average throughput behavior. While existing network models and simulators for TCP-friendly control work well in general, they can not be used for theoretical proofs of the stability of the bandwidth-sharing behavior by competing TCP-friendly congestion controls. We want models that can capture the system’s dynamic behavior to help us understand and predict the impact of short-term rate adjustments. In this paper, we present a hybrid state-space-based model for the bandwidth sharing among TCP-friendly flows. We explain the hybrid nature of the system, which has a distributed control algorithm and is event-driven. The model helps us to understand the system’s behavior in general and we use it to prove the system’s stability under certain assumptions about packet loss. We also describe simulations and experiments to explore the cases in which these assumptions do not hold. This paper presents some preliminary results.
Disulfide interchange reactions in 11S globulin subunits of <i>Cruciferae</i> seeds (1993)

Cruciferin, the main storage protein in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), is a legumin-like 11S globulin. Using SDS/PAGE cruciferin was shown to be composed of different subunits consisting of alpha S and beta S polypeptides, which were disulfide linked, and also closely related free alpha f and beta f polypeptides which were not covalently linked. The origin of these latter free chains was found to be the result of disulfide interchange reactions occurring during SDS-induced dissociation of the hexameric 11S complex. These reactions involved the rupture of the alpha S-beta S interchain disulfide link and, as shown by specific thiol fluorescent labeling, the subsequent formation of an intra-beta-chain disulfide bond. N-terminal amino acid sequence determinations revealed that these reactions were related to particular cruciferin subunit beta chains having an additional cysteine residue (position 11) near the residue (position 7) implicated in the inter-chain disulfide bridges. Such a sequence could explain the origin of the free and linked polypeptides as also shown in SDS/PAGE analysis of radish (Raphanus sativum L.) and Arabidopsis thaliana H. cruciferins. These two polypeptide classes may be considered to represent phenotypic biochemical markers of two different Cruciferae globulin gene families.
Synthesis of 110 K Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Oxide Superconductors (1989)

The synthesis of high- T c Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductors is reported in this Letter. Zero resistance is attained at 110 K for the samples sintered at 845°C for 200–300 h. The best sample is obtained after 300 h sintering. The d c magnetic susceptibility measurement shows the presence of 53% of a high- T c phase and 4% of a low- T c phase in terms of the sample-volume ratio. The T c decreased from 110 K to 108 K after a few days, suggesting that the T c =110 K state is metastable. The synthesis of the high- T c phase is studied from the viewpoint of sintering time, gas atmosphere, quenching and annealing procedures, and the Pb content in the original mixed materials.
Partitioning techniques for partially protected caches in resource-constrained embedded systems (2010)

Increasing exponentially with technology scaling, the soft error rate even in earth-bound embedded systems manufactured in deep subnanometer technology is projected to become a serious design consideration. Partially protected cache (PPC) is a promising microarchitectural feature to mitigate failures due to soft errors in power, performance, and cost sensitive embedded processors. A processor with PPC maintains two caches, one protected and the other unprotected, both at the same level of memory hierarchy. The intuition behind PPCs is that not all data in the application is equally prone to soft errors. By finding and mapping the data that is more prone to soft errors to the protected cache, and error-resilient data to the unprotected cache, failures induced by soft errors can be significantly reduced at a minimal power and performance penalty. Consequently, the effectiveness of PPCs critically hinges on the compiler's ability to partition application data into error-prone and error-resilient data. The effectiveness of PPCs has previously been demonstrated on multimedia applications—where an obvious partitioning of data exists, the multimedia data is inherently resilient to soft errors, and the rest of the data and the entire code is assumed to be error-prone. Since the amount of multimedia data is a quite significant component of the entire application data, this obvious partitioning is quite effective. However, no such obvious data and code partitioning exists for general applications. This severely restricts the applicability of PPCs to data caches and instruction caches in general. This article investigates vulnerability-based partitioning schemes that are applicable to applications in general and effectively reduce failures due to soft errors at minimal power and performance overheads. Our experimental results on an HP iPAQ-like processor enhanced with PPC architecture, running benchmarks from the MiBench suite demonstrate that our partitioning heuristic efficiently finds page partitions for data PPCs that can reduce the failure rate by 48% at only 2% performance and 7% energy overhead, and finds page partitions for instruction PPCs that reduce the failure rate by 50% at only 2% performance and 8% energy overhead, on average.
Isolated Limb Perfusion for Malignant Melanoma: Systematic Review on Effectiveness and Safety (2010)

ILP is effective in achieving clinical responses in patients with unresectable locally advanced melanoma of the limbs. The disease-free and overall survival rates provided by ILP are acceptable. ILP is safe, with a low incidence of severe regional and systemic toxicity.
Trafficking of plasmepsin II to the food vacuole of the malaria parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum </i> (2004)

A family of aspartic proteases, the plasmepsins (PMs), plays a key role in the degradation of hemoglobin in the Plasmodium falciparum food vacuole. To study the trafficking of proPM II, we have modified the chromosomal PM II gene in P. falciparum to encode a proPM II-GFP chimera. By taking advantage of green fluorescent protein fluorescence in live parasites, the ultrastructural resolution of immunoelectron microscopy, and inhibitors of trafficking and PM maturation, we have investigated the biosynthetic path leading to mature PM II in the food vacuole. Our data support a model whereby proPM II is transported through the secretory system to cytostomal vacuoles and then is carried along with its substrate hemoglobin to the food vacuole where it is proteolytically processed to mature PM II.
Advanced soft-switching sinewave PWM high-frequency inverter-link cycloconverter incorporating voltage-clamped quasi-resonant and capacitive snubber techniques (2002)

An improved version of a sinewave CVCF power conversion conditioning system (PCS) which is based on a high-frequency (HF) transformer isolated-linked cycloconversion circuit incorporating soft-switching phase shifted PWM (PSM) principle and instantaneous voltage regulation strategy is discussed. This circuit topology and the modifications of the voltage-clamped quasi-resonant pole (QR-P) concept, which comprises inverter-cycloconverter cascaded power conversion stages operating under the principle of zero-voltage soft-switching (ZVS) condition are introduced in order to minimize switching losses, electrical stresses, EMI noise and to remove a complicated additional bridge type HFAC snubber. As a result, a significant improvement in power-density design, output waveform processing performance and conversion efficiency is obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Learning Interaction-Aware Probabilistic Driver Behavior Models from Urban Scenarios (2019)

Human drivers have complex and individual behavior characteristics which describe how they act in a specific situation. Accurate behavior models are essential for many applications in the field of autonomous driving, ranging from microscopic traffic simulation, intention estimation and trajectory prediction, to interactive and cooperative motion planning. Designing such models by hand is cumbersome and inaccurate, especially in urban environments, with their high variety of situations and the corresponding diversity in human behavior. Learning how humans act from recorded scenarios is a promising way to overcome these problems. However, predicting complete trajectories at once is challenging, as one needs to account for multiple hypotheses and long-term interactions between multiple agents. In contrast, we propose to learn Markovian action models with deep neural networks that are conditioned on a driver's route intention (such as turning left or right) and the situational context. Step-wise forward simulation of these models for the different possible routes of all agents allows for multi-modal and interaction-aware scene predictions at arbitrary road layouts. Learning to predict only one time step ahead given a specific route reduces learning complexity, such that simpler and faster models are obtained. This enables the integration into particle-based algorithms such as Monte Carlo tree search or particle filtering. We evaluate the learned model both on its own and integrated into our previously presented dynamic Bayesian network for intention estimation and show that it outperforms our previous hand-tuned rule-based model.
Beteille (R.). — La France du Vide. (1983)

David Jean. Beteille (R.). — La France du Vide. . In: Revue de géographie alpine, tome 71, n°1, 1983. pp. 115-116.
Inhibitory effect of S-adenosylmethionine on the growth of human gastric cancer cells in vivo and in vitro (2010)

SAM can inhibit the growth of human gastric cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro. The mechanism may be that SAM can reverse the hypomethylation of c-myc and uPA genes, reduce their expression, and then inhibit tumor growth.
Influence of Copper Dopants on the Resistivity of ZnO Films (1996)

Copper 2p3/2 x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) measurements and near-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS) studies of copper-doped ZnO thin films were carried out in order to understand the role of the dopants in increasing the film resistivity. c-Axis-oriented ZnO films (thickness 120 nm) were deposited by r.f. sputtering on Cr-coated SiO2/Si substrates and subsequently implanted with metallic copper (0.5 at.%). After implantation, XPS results indicated that the dopant consists of a mixture of Cu+ and Cu0. The c-axis film resistivity was found to decrease to 7×107 Ω · cm (prior to implantation: 5×1010 Ω · cm). Oxygen annealing resulted in complete oxidation of the dopants in the film surface and bulk (Cu2+) as indicated by XPS and bulk-sensitive fluorescence NEXAFS. The film resistivity increased to 2×1011 Ω · cm, which can be explained in terms of electron trapping by Cu 3d hole states of Cu2+. The NEXAFS results suggested that the copper dopants after oxygen annealing have preferred orientations in the ZnO matrix. Additional vacuum annealing reduced Cu2+ ions to Cu+, which demonstrated that the observed decrease in film resistivity from 2×1011–107 Ω · cm is due to the Cu+ oxidation state.
Spatial period division—A new technique for exposing submicrometer-linewidth periodic and quasiperiodic patterns (1979)

We describe a technique for exposing patterns of spatial period p/n using near-field diffraction from masks of spatial period p. The technique, which we propose to call ’’spatial-period-division’’, can be used with visible, UV, or x-ray radiation. With soft x rays, it is possible to produce gratings of much finer spatial period than can be achieved by current laser holographic methods. A simple model predicts that a mask pattern of period p, with an opening or slit of width ?p/2n, will give rise to an intensity pattern of period p/n at a distance from the mask, S=p2/nλ, where λ is the wavelength of the incident radiation and l≪p. The model was confirmed at visible wavelengths using a scaled simulation of a laboratory x-ray lithography unit. The feasibility of the technique was demonstrated at the 4.5 nm carbon K x-ray wavelength by ’’doubling’’ a 196.8 nm period grating-pattern x-ray mask to produce a 98.4 nm period pattern in PMMA. Exposure of higher spatial-frequency-multiples appears feasible, especially with a synchrotron source. If the mask introduces a phase shift, such that the zero-order diffracted beam is cancelled, and if p&lt;2λ, only the second spatial-frequency-multiple will be present. This should enable quasiperiodic patterns such as variable-period gratings and Fresnel zone plates to be ’’doubled’’.
Phase I and II study of fludarabine phosphate in leukemia: therapeutic efficacy with delayed central nervous system toxicity. (1986)

Fludarabine phosphate (9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine), a novel purine nucleoside, has demonstrated excellent preclinical antitumor activity and little toxicity in phase I clinical trials. We evaluated the clinical use of fludarabine given as a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion for remission induction in patients with relapsed or refractory leukemia. Thirty infusions were administered to 25 patients. At doses less than or equal to 125 mg/m2/d for five days, only three of 17 patients cleared their bone marrow of leukemic cells, and none achieved complete remission (CR). Nine patients received doses of 150 mg/m2/d for five days or 125 mg/m2/d for seven days. Four of these patients achieved CR (three patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL), one patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL]. However, severe CNS toxicity was encountered in five patients at the two highest dose levels. Initial symptoms of neurotoxicity were delayed from 21 to 43 days after starting treatment and consisted of optic neuritis, cortical blindness, altered mental status, and generalized seizure. Only one patient regained visual and neurologic function; four other patients experienced progressive neurologic deterioration and died. Clinicopathologic evaluation suggested widespread, severe demyelination as the etiology of these reactions. We conclude that fludarabine is an effective drug for remission induction in acute leukemia. However, doses required to achieve CR are associated with unacceptable CNS toxicity. In view of its potent antileukemic activity, further evaluation of fludarabine at lower doses (less than or equal to 75 mg/m2/d for five days) may be warranted in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of patients with acute leukemia.
The BBI Dictionary of English Word Combinations (1997)

This dictionary of English collocations covers both grammatical and lexical collocations. It includes a style guide covering collocations strings, defintions and paraphrases, illustrative phrases, usage notes and pronunciation.
Quantum dot photonic crystal lasers (2002)

Coupled cavity designs on two-dimensional square lattice photonic crystal slabs were used to demonstrate optically pumped indium arsenide quantum dot photonic crystal lasers at room temperature. Threshold pump powers of 120 and 370 µW were observed for coupled cavities including two and four defect cavities defined in optimised photonic crystals.
Characterization of C-type lectins reveals an unexpectedly limited interaction between Cryptococcus neoformans spores and Dectin-1 (2017)

Phagocytosis by innate immune cells is an important process for protection against multiple pathologies and is particularly important for resistance to infection. However, phagocytosis has also been implicated in the progression of some diseases, including the dissemination of the human fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans. Previously, we identified Dectin-1 as a likely phagocytic receptor for C. neoformans spores through the use of soluble components in receptor-ligand blocking experiments. In this study, we used gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays with intact cells to evaluate the in vivo role of Dectin-1 and other C-type lectins in interactions with C. neoformans spores and discovered stark differences in outcome when compared with previous assays. First, we found that non-phagocytic cells expressing Dectin-1 were unable to bind spores and that highly sensitive reporter cells expressing Dectin-1 were not stimulated by spores. Second, we determined that some phagocytes from Dectin-1-/- mice interacted with spores differently than wild type (WT) cells, but the effects varied among assays and were modest overall. Third, while we detected small but statistically significant reductions in phagocytosis by primary alveolar macrophages from Dectin-1-/- mice compared to WT, we found no differences in survival between WT and Dectin-1-/- mice challenged with spores. Further analyses to assess the roles of other C-type lectins and their adapters revealed very weak stimulation of Dectin-2 reporter cells by spores and modest differences in binding and phagocytosis by Dectin-2-/- bone marrow-derived phagocytes. There were no discernable defects in binding or phagocytosis by phagocytes lacking Mannose Receptor, Mincle, Card-9, or FcRγ. Taken together, these results lead to the conclusion that Dectin-1 and other C-type lectins do not individually play a major roles in phagocytosis and innate defense by phagocytes against C. neoformans spores and highlight challenges in using soluble receptor/ligand blocking experiments to recapitulate biologically relevant interactions.