gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methylation of α-type embryonic globin gene απrepresses transcription in primary erythroid cells (2002)

The inverse relationship between expression and methylation of beta-type globin genes is well established. However, little is known about the relationship between expression and methylation of avian alpha-type globin genes. The embryonic alpha(pi)-globin promoter was unmethylated, and alpha(pi)-globin RNA was easily detected in 5-day chicken erythroid cells. A progressive methylation of the CpG dinucleotides in the alpha(pi) promoter associated with loss of expression of alpha(pi)-globin gene was seen during development in primary erythroid cells. A 315-bp alpha(pi)-globin promoter region was cloned in an expression construct (alpha(pi)pGL3E) containing a luciferase reporter gene and SV40 enhancer. The alpha(pi)pGL3E construct was transfected into primary erythroid cells derived from 5-day-old chicken embryos. Methylation of alpha(pi)pGL3E plasmid and alpha(pi)-globin promoter alone resulted in a 20-fold and 7-fold inhibition of expression, respectively. The fully methylated but not the unmethylated 315-bp alpha(pi)-globin gene promoter fragment formed a methyl cytosine-binding protein complex (MeCPC). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were combined with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to assess histone acetylation associated with the alpha(pi)-globin gene promoter. Slight hyperacetylation of histone H3 but a marked hyperacetylation of histone H4 was seen in 5-day when compared with 14-day erythroid cells. These results demonstrate that methylation can silence transcription of an avian alpha-type embryonic globin gene in homologous primary erythroid cells, possibly by interacting with an MeCPC and histone deacetylase complex.
The See-Through System: A VANET-enabled assistant for overtaking maneuvers (2010)

The use of wireless technology based on Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) for information exchange can influence the drivers' behavior towards improving driving performance and reducing road accidents. This information can even be more relevant if it is presented as a video stream. In this paper we propose a system that relies on VANET and video-streaming technology: the See-Through System (STS). The system enhances driver's visibility and supports the driver's overtaking decision in challenging situations, such as overtaking a vision-obstructing vehicle. The use of the See-Through System provides the driver with an additional tool for determining if traffic conditions permit starting an overtaking maneuver thus reducing the risk of overtaking. We tested the See-Through System on an experimental vehicle on the road as well as in the context of a driving simulator for real world environment. Results are promising, since the use of the 802.11p standard wireless communication protocol allows a vehicle-to-vehicle connection without significant delay and the totality of the participants regarded the information provided by the STS as useful.
Pharmacokinetics and Efficacies of Liposomal and Conventional Formulations of Tobramycin after Intratracheal Administration in Rats with Pulmonary<i>Burkholderia cepacia</i>Infection (2002)

The objective of the present study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and efficacies of liposomal and conventional formulations of tobramycin against Burkholderia cepacia in a model of chronic lung infection. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were inoculated intratracheally with 10(6) CFU of a very resistant strain of B. cepacia (strain BC 1368; MIC, 128 micro g/ml) to establish lung infection. A 1,200- micro g dose of tobramycin was administered intratracheally as a liposomal formulation and as a conventional formulation. Rats were anesthetized and exsanguinated by cardiac puncture at different times over 24 h to assess pulmonary tobramycin concentrations and the number of residual CFU. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using a two-compartment model with NONMEM. The mean half-life at the beta phase (t(1/2beta)) and the pulmonary exposure (the area under the concentration-time curve [AUC]) of liposomal tobramycin were 19.7 h (coefficient of variation [CV], 24.2%) and 6,811 micro g. h/lungs (CV, 19.7%), respectively. The pharmacokinetics of conventional tobramycin were statistically different, with a t(1/2beta) and AUC of 12.9 h (CV, 31.4%) and 821 micro g. h/lungs (CV, 15.0%), respectively. Pearson chi-square analyses were performed on residual CFU data distributed in the following categories: <10(3), 10(3) to 10(5), and >10(5). Differences in CFU data between formulations showed a statistical trend (P < 0.10) when data from all time points were used, and statistically significant differences were found after 12 h (P < 0.05), with greater eradication achieved with the liposomal formulation. In conclusion, intratracheal administration of tobramycin in liposomes was associated with marked changes in the pharmacokinetics of the drug in the lung and an apparent trend for a prolonged efficacy against B. cepacia. These results support the hypothesis that inhalation of liposomal tobramycin may improve the management of chronic pulmonary infections caused by resistant bacteria in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of aliphatic nitro compounds (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and antimicrobial activity of aliphatic nitro compoundsNigel G. Clark, Betty Croshaw, Brian E. Leggetter, and David F. SpoonerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1974, 17, 9, 977–981Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00255a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views365Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (558 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Treatment in canine epilepsy – a systematic review (2014)

Oral phenobarbital and imepitoin in particular, as well as potassium bromide and levetiracetam are likely to be effective for the treatment of IE. However, variations in baseline characteristics of the dogs involved, significant differences between study designs and several potential sources of bias preclude definitive recommendations. There is a need for greater numbers of adequately sized bRCTs evaluating the efficacy of AEDs for IE.
37-21 (2022)

The transmission spectra of a 2D frustrated magnet Cu3Sm(SeO3)2O2Cl have been measured in the region of f-f transitions of the Sm3+ ion in a wide temperature range (4-300 K). The energies of 40 crystal-field levels of the Sm3+ ion have been determined for the ground and excited multiplets in the spectral range 2000 – 10000 cm-1. In the spectra two magnetic phase transitions were registered: at a temperature TN = 35 К, magnetic ordering occurs, and at a temperature of TR = 8.5 К, a spin-reorientation transition occurs. The ground Kramers doublet of the Sm3+ ion is split only at a low-temperature phase transition. The data obtained on the energy states of the ground 6H5/2 multiplet of the Sm3+ ion were used to calculate the contribution of samarium to the heat capacity of Cu3Sm(SeO3)2O2Cl.
An Improved Method of Geometric Hashing Pattern Recognition (2011)

Geometric hashing (GH) is a general model- based recognition scheme. GH is widely used in the industrial products assembly and inspection tasks. The aim of this study is to speed up the geometric hashing pattern recognition method for the purpose of real-time object detection applications. In our method, a pattern is decomposed into some sub-patterns to reduce the data number in hash table bins. In addition, the sub-patterns are recorded in a plurality of hash tables. Finally we improve the recognition performance by combining with image pyramid and edge direction information. To confirm the validity of our proposed method, we make a complexity analysis, and apply our method to some images. Both complexity analysis and experiment evaluations have demonstrated the efficiency of this technique.
Abstract 184: Adenylate Cyclase Type 9 Promotes Atherosclerosis in Mice (2017)

Polymorphisms in the ADCY9 gene, coding for adenylate cyclase type 9, determine atherosclerotic cardiovascular responses to the CETP inhibitor dalcetrapib in patients. ADCY9 is broadly expressed and involved in various immune cell functions and inflammatory responses. Our objective is to determine the role of ADCY9 in the development of atherosclerosis in the absence of CETP. We used 8-12 week-old wild-type (WT, n=25) or Adcy9 -inactivated ( Adcy9 Gt , n=21) male mice. To induce hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, mice were infected with an adeno-associated virus coding for a gain-of-function mutant of Pcsk9 ( Pcsk9 D377Y ) and were fed an atherogenic high-cholesterol diet for 16 weeks in absence or presence of dalcetrapib treatment (200 mg/kg/day). Percent atherosclerotic lesion area (PALA) in the whole aorta was quantified using en face Oil Red O plaque staining. We used VCAM-1 immunofluorescence staining (n=6 per group) in atherosclerotic lesions of the aortic root to quantify inflammation. We also measured aortic root accumulation of macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells by immunofluorescence imaging of CD68 and smooth muscle actin (SMA), respectively, in plaque lesions. We also quantified blood leukocytes in normocholesterolemic WT and Adcy9 Gt mice by flow cytometry analysis of CD45 + cells. In hypercholesterolemic animals, Adcy9 Gt mice showed a 60% decrease in atherosclerotic lesions (PALA: 2.7±0.5%) compared to WT mice (6.5±0.7%, P<0.01). Dalcetrapib treatment, in these mice without CETP, did not modify significantly the reduction (63%) of PALA in Adcy9 Gt mice (2.9±0.4%) compared to WT (7.6±1.6%, P<0.01). Macrophage content was reduced by 55% from 17.8±2.8% in WT to 7.2%±1.9% in Adcy9 Gt mice (P<0.05), while SMA staining was similar. VCAM-1 expression also tended to be decreased, from 5.7±3.3% in WT to 2.0±0.4% in Adcy9 Gt mice (P=0.0598). CD45 + blood leukocytes were reduced by 35.4% in Adcy9 Gt compared to WT normocholesterolemic mice (P<0.01). Adcy9 inactivation in mice (without CETP) results in large reductions of atherosclerosis and plaque macrophage and in decreased VCAM-1 expression. These results support the ADCY9 genotype-dependent clinical effects of dalcetrapib.
Forecasting, structural time series models and the kalman filter (2002)

In this book, Andrew Harvey sets out to provide a unified and comprehensive theory of structural time series models. Unlike the traditional ARIMA models, structural time series models consist explicitly of unobserved components, such as trends and seasonals, which have a direct interpretation. As a result the model selection methodology associated with structural models is much closer to econometric methodology. The link with econometrics is made even closer by the natural way in which the models can be extended to include explanatory variables and to cope with multivariate time series. From the technical point of view, state space models and the Kalman filter play a key role in the statistical treatment of structural time series models. The book includes a detailed treatment of the Kalman filter. This technique was originally developed in control engineering, but is becoming increasingly important in fields such as economics and operations research. This book is concerned primarily with modelling economic and social time series, and with addressing the special problems which the treatment of such series poses. The properties of the models and the methodological techniques used to select them are illustrated with various applications. These range from the modellling of trends and cycles in US macroeconomic time series to to an evaluation of the effects of seat belt legislation in the UK.
Cotylenin A--A Plant Growth Regulator as a Differentiation-inducing Agent Against Myeloid Leukemia (2002)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the arrest of differentiation leading to the accumulation of immature cells. This maturation arrest can be reversed by certain agents. Although differentiation therapy for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) using all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been established, the clinical response of AML patients other than those with APL to ATRA is limited. We must consider novel therapeutic drugs against other forms of AML for the development of a differentiation therapy for leukemia. Regulators that play an important role in the differentiation and development of plants or invertebrates may also affect the differentiation of human leukemia cells through a common signal transduction system, and might be clinically useful for treating AML. Cotylenin A, a plant growth regulator, is a potent and novel inducer of the monocytic differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cell lines and leukemia cells freshly isolated from AML patients.
Thalamic T-Type Ca<sup>2+</sup>Channels Mediate Frontal Lobe Dysfunctions Caused by a Hypoxia-Like Damage in the Prefrontal Cortex (2011)

Hypoxic damage to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been implicated in the frontal lobe dysfunction found in various neuropsychiatric disorders. The underlying subcortical mechanisms, however, have not been well explored. In this study, we induced a PFC-specific hypoxia-like damage by cobalt-wire implantation to demonstrate that the role of the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) is critical for the development of frontal lobe dysfunction, including frontal lobe-specific seizures and abnormal hyperactivity. Before the onset of these abnormalities, the cross talk between the MD and PFC nuclei at theta frequencies was enhanced. During the theta frequency interactions, burst spikes, known to depend on T-type Ca(2+) channels, were increased in MD neurons. In vivo knockout or knockdown of the T-type Ca(2+) channel gene (Ca(V)3.1) in the MD substantially reduced the theta frequency MD-PFC cross talk, frontal lobe-specific seizures, and locomotor hyperactivity in this model. These results suggest a two-step model of prefrontal dysfunction in which the response to a hypoxic lesion in the PFC results in abnormal thalamocortical feedback driven by thalamic T-type Ca(2+) channels, which, in turn, leads to the onset of neurological and behavioral abnormalities. This study provides valuable insights into preventing the development of neuropsychiatric disorders arising from irreversible PFC damage.
A Cytochrome c Oxidase Model Catalyzes Oxygen to Water Reduction Under Rate-Limiting Electron Flux (2007)

We studied the selectivity of a functional model of cytochrome c oxidase's active site that mimics the coordination environment and relative locations of Fe(a3), Cu(B), and Tyr(244). To control electron flux, we covalently attached this model and analogs lacking copper and phenol onto self-assembled monolayer-coated gold electrodes. When the electron transfer rate was made rate limiting, both copper and phenol were required to enhance selective reduction of oxygen to water. This finding supports the hypothesis that, during steady-state turnover, the primary role of these redox centers is to rapidly provide all the electrons needed to reduce oxygen by four electrons, thus preventing the release of toxic partially reduced oxygen species.
Clinical significance of HIF-1α, Ki67 and VEGF expression in breast cancer (2013)

Objective To examine the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α,HIF-1α),tumor cell proliferation antigen Ki67 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in breast cancer tissues,adjacent tissues and normal breast tissues.Methods Immunohistochemistry HRP method was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α,Ki67 and VEGF in 70 cases of breast cancer tissues and their adjacent tissues and 10 cases of normal breast tissues.Difference of the positive rate was assessed viax2 test,and the correlation between the 3 were analyzed in a disorderly classified manner.Results The positive expression rate of HIF-1α,Ki67 and VEGF in 70 cases of breast cancer tissues was 78.6％ (55/70),88.6％ (62/70) and 65.7％ (46/70) respectively,significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and normal breast tissues (P ＜ 0.01).The positive expression rate of HIF-1 α,Ki67 and VEGF was closely related with clinical stage,lymph node metastasis and histological grade (P ＜0.05).The expression intensity of HIF-1α was positively correlated with Ki67 and VEGF in breast cancer (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Detection of HIF-1 α,Ki67,VEGF may be an important indicator to predict the development,invasion,metastasis and prognosis of breast cancer.Tissue hypoxia may promote the proliferation of breast cancer cell and angiogenesis.A presumption is that HIF-1αmay be a new t()get of breast cancer,thus it deserves further study.

Key words: 
Breast cancer; Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; Ki67; VEGF
Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming Model for Nonlinear Discrete Optimization of Project Schedules under Restricted Costs (2015)

This paper presents the mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model for nonlinear discrete optimization of project schedules under restricted costs. The proposed model includes cost-objective function, generalized precedence relationship constraints, project duration restraints, logical conditions, and cost restrictions. The MINLP model allows inclusion of a wide variety of nonlinear expressions and provides the exact optimal output data for construction project management, such as a Gantt chart, histogram, and S-curve of total project cost. The novelty of the contribution is that the planner is now enabled to perform the exact optimal scheduling of project activities simultaneously with scheduling of nonlinearly restricted total project cost at each discrete working time unit. At this point, the restrictions can be set on increments and cumulative values of total project cost. A set of application examples is shown in this paper to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed model.
Bayesian Methods for Structural Dynamics and Civil Engineering (2010)

Contents Preface Nomenclature 1 Introduction 1.1 Thomas Bayes and Bayesian Methods in Engineering 1.2 Purpose of Model Updating 1.3 Source of Uncertainty and Bayesian Updating 1.4 Organization of the Book 2 Basic Concepts and Bayesian Probabilistic Framework 2.1 Conditional Probability and Basic Concepts 2.2 Bayesian Model Updating with Input-output Measurements 2.3 Deterministic versus Probabilistic Methods 2.4 Regression Problems 2.5 Numerical Representation of the Updated PDF 2.6 Application to Temperature Effects on Structural Behavior 2.7 Application to Noise Parameters Selection for Kalman Filter 2.8 Application to Prediction of Particulate Matter Concentration 3 Bayesian Spectral Density Approach 3.1 Modal and Model Updating of Dynamical Systems 3.2 Random Vibration Analysis 3.3 Bayesian Spectral Density Approach 3.4 Numerical Verifications 3.5 Optimal Sensor Placement 3.6 Updating of a Nonlinear Oscillator 3.7 Application to Structural Behavior under Typhoons 3.8 Application to Hydraulic Jump 4 Bayesian Time-domain Approach 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Exact Bayesian Formulation and its Computational Difficulties 4.3 Random Vibration Analysis of Nonstationary Response 4.4 Bayesian Updating with Approximated PDF Expansion 4.5 Numerical Verification 4.6 Application to Model Updating with Unmeasured Earthquake Ground Motion 4.7 Concluding Remarks 4.8 Comparison of Spectral Density Approach and Time-domain Approach 4.9 Extended Readings 5 Model Updating Using Eigenvalue-Eigenvector Measurements 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Formulation 5.3 Linear Optimization Problems 5.4 Iterative Algorithm 5.5 Uncertainty Estimation 5.6 Applications to Structural Health Monitoring 5.7 Concluding Remarks 6 Bayesian Model Class Selection 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Bayesian Model Class Selection 6.3 Model Class Selection for Regression Problems 6.4 Application to Modal Updating 6.5 Application to Seismic Attenuation Empirical Relationship 6.6 Prior Distributions - Revisited 6.7 Final Remarks A Relationship between the Hessian and Covariance Matrix for Gaussian Random Variables B Contours of Marginal PDFs for Gaussian Random Variables C Conditional PDF for Prediction C.1 Two Random Variables C.2 General Cases References Index
Randomized double blind trial of an extract from the pentacyclic alkaloid-chemotype of uncaria tomentosa for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (2002)

This small preliminary study demonstrates relative safety and modest benefit to the tender joint count of a highly purified extract from the pentacyclic chemotype of UT in patients with active RA taking sulfasalazine or hydroxychloroquine.
Glucosinolates in Clubroot-resistant and -susceptible Selections of Broccoli (1989)

Abstract Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea Italica Group) plants resistant or susceptible to clubroot ( Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. races 2 and 6) produced from 10 segregating breeding lines were analyzed for their composition of glucosinolates as determined in terms of their hydrolytic breakdown products: goitrin, volatile isothiocyanates, and thiocyanate ion. Unlike goitrin and volatile isothiocyanates, the average content of thiocyanate ion was significantly lower (548 μg·g -1 dry weight) in resistant plants than in susceptible ones (712 μg·g -1 ). Of 15 resistant plants derived from 10 breeding lines containing zero goitrin and/or relatively low concentrations of one or more glucosinolate products, 10 plants were free of goitrin, three were low in volatile isothiocyanates (≤100 μg·g -1 ), two were low in thiocyanate ion (≤200 μg·g -1 ), and two were low in total glucosinolates (≤600 μg·g -1 ).
Dynamic control of light emission faster than the lifetime limit using VO2 phase-change (2015)

Modulation is a cornerstone of optical communication, and as such, governs the overall speed of data transmission. Currently, the two main strategies for modulating light are direct modulation of the excited emitter population (for example, using semiconductor lasers) and external optical modulation (for example, using Mach-Zehnder interferometers or ring resonators). However, recent advances in nanophotonics offer an alternative approach to control spontaneous emission through modifications to the local density of optical states. Here, by leveraging the phase-change of a vanadium dioxide nanolayer, we demonstrate broadband all-optical direct modulation of 1.5 μm emission from trivalent erbium ions more than three orders of magnitude faster than their excited state lifetime. This proof-of-concept demonstration shows how integration with phase-change materials can transform widespread phosphorescent materials into high-speed optical sources that can be integrated in monolithic nanoscale devices for both free-space and on-chip communication.