gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Capability of the Laser Based Additive Manufacturing Process in the Manufacture of Fractal like Heat Transfer Devices (2013)

This research explores how successfully melting and laser based additive manufacturing (LAM) process functions in the manufacture of fractal-like micro channel heat transfer devices. Different micro channels are studied worldwide and the studies at Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT) aim to utilize micro channel geometries in heat transfer applications to solve cooling problems related to green technologies. Power electronics, micro-reactors, and fuel cell applications are a part of this development. Many of these technologies suffer from high, local heat fluxes. New energy production and vehicle systems can no longer be cooled only by air or water based liquid, because the growing power densities have reached the limits of air and water cooling. The goal of the work is to find an answer to the following question; what is the capability of the LAM process when manufacturing fractal like micro channels? The study shows result of manufacturability tests of the micro-channels and gives recommendations for further study. Based on the manufacturing tests and literature findings, it can be stated that the used LAM process does not fully qualify for the manufacture of the micro channels in heat transfer devices at the moment. Process can be considered for manufacturing channels on a larger scale.
Effects of Tezosentan on Symptoms and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Heart Failure (2007)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifiers: NCT00525707 (VERITAS-1) and NCT00524433 (VERITAS-2).
Extraction Error Modeling and Automated Model Debugging in High-Performance Low Power Custom Designs (2005)

Test model generation is common in the design cycle of custom made high performance low power designs targeted for high volume production. Logic extraction is a key step in test model generation to produce a logic level netlist from the transistor level representation. This is a semi-automated process which is error prone. The paper analyzes typical extraction errors applicable to clocking schemes seen in high-performance designs today. An automated debugging solution for these errors in designs with no state equivalence information is also presented. A suite of experiments on circuits with similar architectures to those found in the industry confirm the fitness and practicality of the solution.
DISCUSSING EVIDENCE FOR MAKING TREATMENT DECISIONS (2009)

After delivering serious medical news, the next communication task is often to address treatment options. In discussing decision making, a physician must summarize a body of biomedical evidence, present choices to the patient, understand the patient's perspective, and finally come to a decision about which option to pursue. This multifaceted process is complex and, in its totality, goes beyond the scope of this book. Yet one thing is clear: discussing treatment options is much more than simply giving information. Many recommendations about discussing treatments seem to assume that physicians dispense information like a drug, and that more is always better. While information is important, and patients do wish to be informed, offering more information alone is too simplistic a guide for physicians helping patients with difficult decisions.
<title>Transversely loaded fiber optic grating strain sensors for aerospace applications</title> (2000)

Most fiber grating sensor technology that has been developed to support strain sensing involves the measurement of axial strain. Fiber grating sensors are however capable of monitoring transverse as well as axial strain. This paper reviews a series of applications of this technology that are of particular interest to aerospace applications.
A self-learning sensor fusion system for object classification (2009)

We propose a learning system for object classification which fuses information from a camera, a radar and a localization unit. The system is illustrated in application to categorization of objects on a highway. The system learns not only prior to its deployment in a supervised mode but also on-board a vehicle during its operation in a self-learning mode. The radar guides a selection of candidate images provided by the camera for subsequent analysis by our learning method. The Multilayer Inplace Learning Network (MILN) is used to distinguish between representations of different objects. Radar information gets coupled with navigational information for accurate localization of objects during self-learning. One of the MILN layers helps to resolve labeling conflicts when localization is not sufficient. A Multi-Resolution MILN which uses higher-resolution levels to reinforce training of lower-resolution levels is also proposed for improved performance when dealing with a wide range of distances to objects.
Visual programming as an interface between program and user? (2003)

Visual programming ought to mean programming by gestures and image manipulation where the computer manufactures the executable code, rather than forcing the user to learn just another programming language where, for example, the Pascal notation is replaced by flow diagram symbols. Instead the authors define, as an example, a simple visual notation for querying databases via images, where the manipulation of the images and the gestures performed by the user generate SQL-code that can be executed by any database manager based on SQL.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
El pensamiento frente al arte (1962)

Es un hecho histórico de gran importancia el que el hombre haya creado arte antes de haberse dedicado a la filosofía. Al mencionar esto no pienso en las pinturas pre-históricas que se encuentran en las cuevas de España y en el Sur de Francia, sino ante todo, en el arte egipcio y mesopotámico. En Egipto y Mesopotamia --y Mesopotamia parece ser la región más importante -no nació sino que se creó al hombre humano, al hombre como ser arquitectónico.
Early detection markers in Pancreas Cancer (2005)

The role of early detection in cancer has shown improved survival for certain cancers, including colon cancer, cervical cancer and breast cancer. The possibility for early detection of pancreatic cancer may be realized by an improved understanding of the histology and molecular genetics of precursor lesions and cancerous lesions in pancreatic cancer and the development of sensitive and specific screening tests (both invasive and non-invasive) to detect early pancreatic cancer. The NIH-NCI Early Detection Research Network (EDRN) in Pancreatic Cancer has been focussed on the development and validation of new biomarkers for the detection of early pancreatic cancer. This review will focus on our understanding of the histologic and molecular model of pancreatic carcinogenesis, current strategies and limitations of screening for pancreatic cancer and the development and validation of new biomarkers for the early detection of pancreatic cancer.
Biobeds for Environmental Protection from Pesticide Use—A Review (2008)

Biobeds originated in Sweden in response to the need for simple and effective methods to minimize environmental contamination from pesticide use, especially when filling spraying equipment, a typical point source of contamination. The biobed system has attracted attention in several countries, where work is being conducted to adapt it to local conditions and applications. As a consequence, the biobed system has been more or less modified and sometimes renamed, for example, as biomassbed in Italy, biofilter in Belgium, and Phytobac and biobac in France. The effectiveness and simplicity of the biobed also make it suitable for use in developing countries, and different adaptations of the biobed concept now exist in, for instance, Peru, Guatemala, and Ecuador. When the modification of the biobed includes an intention to use it for retention and degradation of pesticides in sprayer washings, the construction has to be adapted to, for example, lined biobeds to ensure that no pesticide leaching will occur. Replacement of some of the original materials in the Swedish biomixture (straw, peat, and soil) can also change the performance of the system, for instance, the amount, activity, and composition of the microbial community that develops. This review presents the state of the art of biobeds and similar systems in Sweden and worldwide and identifies future research needs. Factors affecting the efficiency of biobeds in terms of degradation and retention of pesticides are discussed, with particular emphasis on the microbial processes involved.
Electron Impact Excitation of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi/></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">S</mml:mi><mml:mi/><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi/><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mi/></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">P</mml:mi></mml:math>Transition in Helium (1995)

In the first direct application of the electron-photon coincidence technique for differential cross-section measurements, experimentally determined ratios of the differential cross sections for the electron impact excitation of the $1^{1}S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2^{1}P$ to the $1^{1}S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3^{1}P$ transitions are presented at 30 and 40 eV incident electron energies. Differential cross sections for the $1^{1}S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3^{1}P$ transitions are derived by normalizing these ratios to available experimental differential cross sections for the $1^{1}S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2^{1}P$ transition.
Repeated administration of the anorectic factor prolactin-releasing peptide leads to tolerance to its effects on energy homeostasis (2003)

Central administration of a single dose of prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) causes a reduction in both fast-induced and nocturnal food intake and body weight gain. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of repeated administration of PrRP on energy homeostasis, including a measure of the expression of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) in brown adipose tissue. Conscious, free-feeding animals received central injections of PrRP (4 nmol icv) or vehicle. A single injection at 1000 caused a sustained hyperthermia over the 4-h test period and an increase in the expression of UCP-1 mRNA. Repeated, twice daily injection caused a reduction in body weight gain greater than that seen in pair-fed animals for the first 48-72 h. After 72 h, the animals became refractory to the actions of PrRP. The pair-fed group showed a reduction in UCP-1 mRNA expression at 48 h, which was reversed by PrRP treatment. This study indicates that PrRP exerts its effects on energy homeostasis in the short-medium term by reducing food intake and increasing energy expenditure.
Separation of perfluorocarboxylic acids using capillary electrophoresis with UV detection (2005)

A capillary electrophoretic method with UV detection for separation and quantitation of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) from C6-PFCA to C12-PFCA has been developed. The optimization of measurement conditions included the choice of the most appropriate type and concentration of buffer in the background electrolyte (BGE), as well as the type and the content of an organic modifier. The optimal separation of investigated PFCAs was achieved with 50 mM phosphate buffer and 40% isopropanol in the BGE using direct UV detection. The optimum wavelength for direct UV detection was optimized at 190 nm. For indirect detection, several chromophores were studied. Five mM 3,5-Dinitrobenzoic acid (3,5-DNBA) in 20 mM phosphate buffer BGE and indirect UV detection at 280 nm gave the optimal detection and separation performance for the investigated PFCAs. The possibility of on-line preconcentration of solutes by stacking has been examined for indirect detection. The detection limits (LODs) determined for direct UV detection ranged from 2 microg/mL for C6-PFCA to 33 microg/mL for C12-PFCA. The LODs obtained for indirect UV detection were comparable to those obtained for direct UV detection.
Resistive stabilisation of a discharge-excited XeCl laser (1980)

The effect of resistive ballasting on the discharge stability of a UV-preionised, discharge-excited, XeCl laser is described. It is demonstrated that the resistive ballasting of one of the transverse electrodes has a significant effect on the duration and the shape of laser output pulses. Pulses of 80 ns FWHM (120 ns foot-to-foot), with energies up to 15 mJ, have been observed using this technique.
Optimal surface reconstruction from planar contours (1977)

In many scientific and technical endeavors, a three-dimensional solid must be reconstructed from serial sections, either to aid in the comprehension of the object's structure or to facilitate its automatic manipulation and analysis. This paper presents a general solution to the problem of constructing a surface over a set of cross-sectional contours. This surface, to be composed of triangular tiles, is constructed by separately determining an optimal surface between each pair of consecutive contours. Determining such a surface is reduced to the problem of finding certain minimum cost cycles in a directed toroidal graph. A new fast algorithm for finding such cycles is utilized. Also developed is a closed-form expression, in terms of the number of contour points, for an upper bound on the number of operations required to execute the algorithm. An illustrated example which involves the construction of a minimum area surface describing a human head is included.
New structures for linear displacement sensor with high magnetic field gradient (1992)

Discusses the design of novel permanent magnet structures providing the triangular profile of the magnetic induction, in an airgap. Geometric optimization of these yoked and yokeless structures is carried out by 2-D finite element analysis, for displacement sensor application. Experimental results are in good agreement with analytic calculations. A comparison with previous structures providing a trapezoidal profile of the magnetic induction is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Investigation of the mass diffusion of camphorquinone in amorphous poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) hosts by the induced holographic grating relaxation technique (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigation of the mass diffusion of camphorquinone in amorphous poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) hosts by the induced holographic grating relaxation techniqueJ. Zhang, C. H. Wang, and D. EhlichCite this: Macromolecules 1986, 19, 5, 1390–1394Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00159a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (650 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Motion video coding in CCITT SGXV-the video multiplex and transmission coding (2003)

In 1985-8 the CCITT specialists group on coding for visual telephony investigated a codec for videoconferencing and visual telephony at bit rates n*384 kb/s (n=1, . . ., 5) and down to 64 kb/s. The authors describe the video multiplex coder, which performs block addressing, video data encoding, formatting and serialization, video synchronization, motion vector coding, and insertion of side channels for indication of dynamic coding parameters. The transmission multiplex coder, which assembles the encoded video, audio, data and end-to-end signaling information and provides the user-to-network interface, is also considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Boron−Nitrogen (BN) Substitution Patterns in C/BN Hybrid Fullerenes:  C<sub>60</sub><sub>-</sub><sub>2</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>(BN)<i><sub>x</sub></i> (<i>x</i> = 1−7) (2001)

Semiempirical AM1 and MNDO and density functional theory (B3LYP/3-21G and 6-31G*) are used to examine the relative stability of various isomers of successive BN substituted fullerenes C60-2x(BN)x, where x=1−7. It is found that stability is enhanced by keeping BN units and BN filled hexagons adjacent to one another. Successive BN substitution prefers N site attachment to the existing BN chain. The localization of MOs shows that lone-pairs of nitrogen atoms reside “inside” the cage, which may be the reason for outward displacement of N atoms. Geometric parameters and charge distribution of the carbon region of hybrid fullerenes are not much perturbed by BN substitution. Band gap (HOMO−LUMO gap), ionization potential, and electron affinities strongly depend on the number of BN units and filling of the hexagons. Partially BN filled hexagons or unsaturated BN fullerenes have a stronger effect than completely filled hexagons on perturbing these properties.
Improvement of Retinal Vascular Injury in Diabetic Rats by Statins Is Associated With the Inhibition of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Pathway Mediated by Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1α (2010)

Simvastatin decreases diabetes-induced mitochondrial ROS production and exerts protective effects against early retinal vascular damage in diabetic rats in association with the inhibition of mitochondrial ROS/PARP pathway mediated by PGC-1alpha. The understanding of the mechanisms of action of statins has important implications in the prevention and treatment of mitochondrial oxidative stress-related illness such as DR.
<title>Performance Characteristics Of A Digital Fluorographic System</title> (1981)

Several technical characteristics of digital fluorography are discussed. A derivation is made for the noise levels in the acquisition of digital fluorographic video images. The importance of high video signal-to-noise ratio is demonstrated and discussed. A noise analysis is made for reprocessing amplified difference images from analog video disk. It is shown that under the most stringent circumstances a disk with a signal-to-noise ratio of 200:1 increases the rms noise by at most 7%. Potential artifacts associated with the measurement of iodine sensitivity for digital radiographic systems are discussed. A phantom is presented which eliminates such artifacts. Experimental digital fluorographic phantom images are shown.
A comparative study of Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Post Office Protocol (POP) and X.400 Electronic Mail Protocols (2002)

We present the main features and functionality of the three most widely used message transfer protocols. We study actual implementations and base our analysis on benchmarking. The performance of the protocols is compared in terms of end to end delay, volume of traffic and number of frames generated at the physical layer and frame length distribution. An analytical model is proposed for the approximation of the upper and lower bounds of volume generated by SMTP which can easily be extended for POP3. The model considers both explicit and piggyback acknowledgements at the TCP layer.
The Electrochemical Properties of Poly(acrylonitrile) Polymer Electrolyte for Li/S Battery (2006)

The lithium ionic conductivity of Poly (acrylonitrile) (PAN) gel polymer electrolyte with PC/EC was found to be about 1.3 x 10-3S/cm at room temperature. The discharge curve of Li/ PAN (PC+EC)/S battery showed only one plateau region, which is different from that using PVdF(TEGDME) gel polymer electrolyte. Also, the first discharge capacity was 556mAh/g-sulfur in Li/S battery using PAN (PC+EC) gel electrolyte at room temperature.
Subcellular forms and biochemical events triggered in human cells by HCV polyprotein expression from a viral vector (2008)

To identify the subcellular forms and biochemical events induced in human cells after HCV polyprotein expression, we have used a robust cell culture system based on vaccinia virus (VACV) that efficiently expresses in infected cells the structural and nonstructural proteins of HCV from genotype 1b (VT7-HCV7.9). As determined by confocal microscopy, HCV proteins expressed from VT7-HCV7.9 localize largely in a globular-like distribution pattern in the cytoplasm, with some proteins co-localizing with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. As examined by electron microscopy, HCV proteins induced formation of large electron-dense cytoplasmic structures derived from the ER and containing HCV proteins. In the course of HCV protein production, there is disruption of the Golgi apparatus, loss of spatial organization of the ER, appearance of some "virus-like" structures and swelling of mitochondria. Biochemical analysis demonstrate that HCV proteins bring about the activation of initiator and effector caspases followed by severe apoptosis and mitochondria dysfunction, hallmarks of HCV cell injury. Microarray analysis revealed that HCV polyprotein expression modulated transcription of genes associated with lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cellular proliferation. Our findings demonstrate the uniqueness of the VT7-HCV7.9 system to characterize morphological and biochemical events related to HCV pathogenesis.
Sociocultural Regional Identities in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Popular German-American Almanacs (2011)

Sociocultural Regional Identities in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Popular German-American Almanacs was published in Deutsch-amerikanische Kalender des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts / German-American Almanacs of the 18th and 19th Centuries on page 1.
Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement (2013)

The USPSTF recommends screening for HCV infection in persons at high risk for infection. The USPSTF also recommends offering 1-time screening for HCV infection to adults born between 1945 and 1965. (B recommendation).
Profile of Peter Novick (2013)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
FPGA implementation of median filter (2002)

This paper gives the algorithm and implementation details of a sliding real time 3/spl times/3 median filter. The design is implemented on a Xilinx XC4010 FPGA chip. It is tested and integrated at ER&DC, Trivandrum. The design is tailored to exploit certain features of sliding windows. The Algorithm used to implement median filter is very efficient and implementation results show the significant improvements in operating frequency and hardware requirements over general purpose techniques.