gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeler: Web API Modeling Tool (2014)

This report presents the API Modeler system, a tool for creating and modifying web APIs models, within the context of the API modeling problem, and how it serves to solve several common use-cases and scenarios for interacting with web API models. The report describes the motivation for Modeler, its design and implementation, related tools, and possible future improvements to the system.
A crystallographic study of a red and a blue complex of copper(II) formed with different geometric isomers of a reinforced macrocycle (1991)

Two complexes of copper(II), one red and one blue, with the macrocyclic ligand L3, have been prepared (L3 occurs as both the syn and anti form of 6-methyl-6-nitro-1,4,8,11-tetraazabicyclo-[9,3,2]hexadecane). A structural study of the two complexes shows the blue one to be [CuL3(NO3)]ClO4 and the red one to be [CuL3(H2O)][ClO4]2. In the blue complex the nitro group on the ligand is syn to the ethylene part of the double bridge, while in the red complex it is anti. The structural study shows, further, that the co-ordination geometry around the copper is different in the two complexes: mean Cu–N distance (blue) 2.00 Å; (red) 1.99 Å; Cu–O to the axial oxygen 2.20 (blue), 2.34 Å(red); the copper atom lies out of the plane of the four N-donors by 0.34 (blue), 0.25 Å(red). The difference in colour is related to the difference in co-ordination geometry. The crystals of both complexes were orthorhombic, space group pnma, with Z= 4. Other details: (red)a= 18.683(2), b= 8.897(1), c= 13.558(2)Å and final conventional R factor of 0.0531; (blue)a= 20.417(5), b= 9.033(4), c= 10.870(2)Å and R 0.0941.
A transmit-only/receive-only (TORO) RF system for high-field MRI/MRS applications (2000)

The design and operation of a detunable shielded hybrid birdcage RF head coil optimized for human brain imaging at 170 MHz is presented. A high duty-cycle and rapid-switching decoupling scheme that allows uniform RF transmission with the head coil and reception with a surface coil within the volume of the head coil is also demonstrated. In addition, the circumscribing hybrid coil can be biased to operate as a conventional transmit/receive head coil. Our RF design allows the use of higher sensitivity surface coils or phased-array coils at very high magnetic fields where body RF resonators are not currently available or whose use is precluded by specific-absorption ratio restrictions. The design also allows the use of receive-only coils within head gradient inserts, which normally do not allow transmission with an RF body resonator at any field strength.
Laser-etched silicon pillars and their porosification (2004)

Mesoscale silicon pillars are formed when silicon wafers are irradiated by a nanosecond excimer laser operating at 308 nm and incident fluence of ∼3 J cm−2. The morphology of the pillars responds to the chemical composition of the gas phase above the Si surface. Postprocessing can also be used to change the structure of the pillars. We demonstrate using Raman spectroscopy that the pillars can be covered with a nanocrystalline porous layer as the result of chemical etching. A stain etchant produces brilliant reddish-orange photoluminescent films. Porous pillars of this type are interesting candidates for use as drug and DNA delivery vehicles.
Self‐calibrated trajectory estimation and signal correction method for robust radial imaging using GRAPPA operator gridding (2015)

Retrospective phase correction and iterative application of GROG can be used to successfully estimate the trajectory error in two-dimensional radial acquisitions for improved image reconstruction without requiring extra data acquisition or sequence modification.
23.1 A 7.5Gb/s/pin LPDDR5 SDRAM With WCK Clocking and Non-Target ODT for High Speed and With DVFS, Internal Data Copy, and Deep-Sleep Mode for Low Power (2019)

High-speed and low-power techniques for the latest mobile DRAMs, such as LPDDR4/4X [1–3], have been developed to enable high-resolution displays, multiple cameras and 4G communication in mobile devices. However, DRAM with higher bandwidth and lower power consumption than LPDDR4X is indispensable to support 5G communication, on-device artificial intelligence and advanced driver assistance systems. In this paper, we present a 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> generation 10nm-class process LPDDR5. It includes novel schemes that increase the maximum bandwidth, such as WCK clocking and non-target ODT (NT-ODT). Power consumption is also reduced by low power schemes, such as dynamic voltage-frequency scaling (DVFS), an internal data-copy function called write-X and a deep-sleep mode (DSM).
Dynamic Reservation Scheme of Physical Cell Identity for 3GPP LTE Femtocell Systems (2009)

A large number of phone calls and data services will take place in indoor environments. In Long Term Evolution (LTE), femtocell, as a home base station for indoor coverage extension and wideband data service, has recently gained significant interests from operators and consumers. Since femtocell is frequently turned on and off by a personal owner, not by a network operator, one of the key issues is that femtocell should be identified autonomously without system information to support handover from macrocell to femtocell. In this paper, we propose a dynamic reservation scheme of Physical Cell Identities (PCI) for 3GPP LTE femtocell systems. There are several reserving types, and each type reserves a different number of PCIs for femtocell. The transition among the types depends on the deployed number of femtocells, or the number of PCI confusion events. Accordingly, flexible use of PCIs can decrease PCI confusion. This reduces searching time for femtocell, and it is helpful for the quick handover from macrocell to femtocell. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme reduces average delay for identifying detected cells, and increases network capacity within equal delay constraints.
A family of distortion measures based upon projection operation for robust speech recognition (1989)

Consideration is given to the formulation of speech similarity measures, a fundamental component in recognizer designs, that are robust to the change of ambient conditions. The authors focus on the speech cepstrum derived from linear prediction coefficients (the LPC cepstrum). By using some common models for noisy speech, they show analytically that additive white noise reduces the norm (length) of the LPC cepstral vectors. Empirical observations on the parameter histograms not only confirm the analytical results through the use of noise models but further reveal that at a given (global) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the norm reduction on cepstral vectors with larger norms is generally less than on vectors with smaller norms, and that lower order coefficients are more affected than higher order terms. In addition, it is found that the orientation (or direction) of the cepstral vector is less susceptible to noise perturbation than the vector norm. As a consequence of the above results, a family of distortion measures based on the projection between two cepstral vectors is proposed. The new measures have the same computational efficiency as the band-pass cepstral distortion measure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Conjugation of siRNA with Comb‐Type PEG Enhances Serum Stability and Gene Silencing Efficiency (2011)

A thiol-modified siRNA targeting the enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) gene was conjugated with RAFT-synthesized, pyridyl disulfide-functional poly(PEG methyl ether acrylate)s (p(PEGA)s). siRNA-p(PEGA) conjugates demonstrated significantly enhanced in vitro serum stability and nuclease resistance compared to the unmodified and thiol-modified siRNA. The complexes of siRNA-p(PEGA) conjugates with a fusogenic peptide, KALA ((+)/(-) = 2) inhibited the protein expression approximately 28-fold more than the KALA complex of the unmodified siRNA. The protein inhibition caused by siRNA-p(PEGA)-KALA complexes (56 ± 5%-58 ± 3% of the fluorescence expressed in non-treated cells) was comparable to the effect of the unmodified siRNA-lipofectamine complex (77 ± 7%).
Isolation of a Pseudomonas stutzeri strain that degrades o-xylene (1987)

A Pseudomonas stutzeri strain capable of growing on o-xylene was isolated from enrichment cultures. The organism grew on 2,3- and 3,4-dimethylphenol but not on 2-methylbenzyl alcohol, o-tolualdehyde, or o-toluate. P. stutzeri was not able to utilize m-xylene, p-xylene, or 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, but growth was observed in the presence of the corresponding alcohols and acids. From the Pseudomonas cultures supplied with o-xylene, 2,3-dimethylphenol was isolated and identified. When resting P. stutzeri cells were incubated with 2,3-dimethylphenol, the reaction mixture turned greenish yellow and showed spectral properties identical to those of the 3,4-dimethylcatechol meta ring fission product. Catechol 2,3-oxygenase was induced by growth on o-xylene or on 2,3- or 3,4-dimethylphenol. The suggested hypothesis is that the first metabolic steps of growth on o-xylene involve the direct oxygenation of the aromatic nucleus, followed by meta pathway reactions.
Clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, and conventional antipsychotic drug effects on glucose, lipids, and leptin in schizophrenic patients (2005)

Some reports have indicated increased rates of diabetes and increased prevalence of glucose and lipid abnormalities during treatment with second-generation antipsychotics, with most concern raised about clozapine and olanzapine. Most of the findings have come from case reports, retrospective examination of laboratory values, and analysis of health-care claims databases. This study investigated fasting levels of glucose, lipids, and leptin in a non-randomized, cross- sectional study of 210 patients, with schizophrenic or schizoaffective disorder, treated with a single antipsychotic medication - clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, or a conventional antipsychotic. Glucose tolerance tests (GTT), with a 75-g glucose load, were preformed in a subset of patients. In this sample most mean fasting glucose and lipid levels were within the normal range and were not significantly different across the four drug treatment groups. Patients treated with clozapine and olanzapine had higher triglyceride levels than risperidone patients. In patients receiving a GTT, risperidone-treated patients had higher glucose levels at 1 h than patients treated with olanzapine, and there were more patients on risperidone who met American Diabetes Association glucose metabolic criteria for diagnosis of diabetes. Although there were no significant differences in age or body mass index among the four drug groups, we cannot rule out some potential biasing factors we did not assess which could potentially influence our results. These include unknown physician preference in drug selection based on their beliefs about the weight-inducing or diabetes potential of different antipsychotics, differences in visceral fat, and differences in patients' antipsychotic drug history.
Pulsed Plasma Thruster (1998)

The 35-year history of the development and application of the pulsed plasma thruster (PPT) is reviewed. The PPT operates by creating a pulsed, high-current discharge across the exposed surface of a solid insulator, such as a Tee on t bar. The arc discharge ablates material from this surface, thereby providing propellant that is ionized, heated, and accelerated to high speed. Typically, the current pulse lasts for a few microseconds, driven by a capacitor that is charged and discharged approximately once per second. Exhaust speeds range from 3 to 50 km/s, depending on the details of the PPT design. We review the basic physics and types of PPTs, and discuss the performance of e ight and laboratory versions, with special attention to velocity and plume measurements. We also present the status of PPT theory and modeling, with emphasis on mass evolution and plasma acceleration, and describe recent variations on PPT operation, laboratory thrust measurement techniques, and the separate components of PPT efe ciency.
An approach for mobile agent security and fault tolerance using distributed transactions (2002)

Mobile agents are no longer a theoretical issue since different architectures for their realization have been proposed. With the increasing market of electronic commerce it becomes an interesting aspect to use autonomous mobile agents for electronic business transactions. Being involved in money transactions, supplementary security features for mobile agent systems have to be ensured. In this paper we present an architecture for a mobile agent system which guarantees security for the host as well as security for the agent. This architecture additionally offers fault tolerance for the whole agent system at a high level. To handle these issues for mobile agents we use various encryption mechanisms and we apply a novel method for mobile agent systems by using distributed transactions processing based on the OMG Object Transaction Service in our architecture. With this security architecture an agent will be enabled to do money transactions.
An outbreak of cryptosporidiosis associated with a resort swimming pool (1995)

An outbreak of cyptosporidiosis occurred in late April 1993 among resort hotel guests which was temporally associated with, but geographically distant from, a massive waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, that occurred in late March and early April of 1993. A case-control study was performed among groups with members who reported illness and among a systemic sample of groups who stayed at the resort hotel during the risk period. Of 120 persons interviewed, 51 (43%) met the case definition. Swimming in the resort hotel's pool was significantly associated with case status (OR = 9.8; 95% Cl 3.4, 29.7), as was consumption of ice from the hotel's ice machines (OR = 2.3; 95% Cl 1.01, 5.2). When analysis was restricted only to laboratory-confirmed cases and controls, swimming pool use was the only risk factor significantly associated with illness (OR = 13.0; 95% Cl 2.6, 88.7). Following waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis associated with water supplies, swimming pools should be considered as possible ongoing sources for transmission regionally.
VLR-Based Adaptive Immunity (2012)

Lampreys and hagfish are primitive jawless vertebrates capable of mounting specific immune responses. Lampreys possess different types of lymphocytes, akin to T and B cells of jawed vertebrates, that clonally express somatically diversified antigen receptors termed variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs), which are composed of tandem arrays of leucine-rich repeats. The VLRs appear to be diversified by a gene conversion mechanism involving lineage-specific cytosine deaminases. VLRA is expressed on the surface of T-like lymphocytes; B-like lymphocytes express and secrete VLRB as a multivalent protein. VLRC is expressed by a distinct lymphocyte lineage. VLRA-expressing cells appear to develop in a thymus-like tissue at the tip of gill filaments, and VLRB-expressing cells develop in hematopoietic tissues. Reciprocal expression patterns of evolutionarily conserved interleukins and chemokines possibly underlie cell-cell interactions during an immune response. The discovery of VLRs in agnathans illuminates the origins of adaptive immunity in early vertebrates.
The binucleate cell: implications for automated cytopathology. (1975)

A study of occurrence rates of binucleate cells in human femal gynecological specimens is described. Data is presented on probability of occurrence, nuclear spacing, and nuclear fluorescence of binucleate cells. Allowable binucleate recognition error rates for automated cytopathology are presented. Recognition techniques employing slit-scan cytofluorometry are discussed.
Simple and efficient rate control for H.264/AVC (2007)

In order to get accurately the coding characteristics of current basic unit, a novel adaptive coding characteristic prediction scheme called texture-complexity estimation is proposed. Through adaptive linear texture-complexity and overhead prediction model as well as optimum bits allocation scheme, we can obtain current basic unit coding parameter such as texture-complexity, overhead bits count and texture bits budget, and then the quantization parameter can be directly calculated. Simulation results show that the H.264 encoder, using the proposed rate control algorithm, achieves a visual quality improvement up to 0.388 dB, meets better with target bit rates and produces more flat bit-rate curve than that using the H.264 previous rate control method (JVT-G012).
Three-Dimensional Structure of the Immunophilin-like Domain of FKBP59 in Solution<sup>,</sup> (1996)

FKBP59 is a protein usually associated with heat-shock protein hsp90 and steroid receptors. The N-terminal domain of the rabbit liver protein (149 amino acids) has a sequence homology with FKBP12, binds FK506 immunosuppressor, and has a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. The three-dimensional structure of this domain (FKBP59-I) was determined using homo- and heteronuclear multidimensional NMR spectroscopy, distance geometry, and molecular dynamics methods. Structure calculations used 1290 interproton distance restraints derived from nuclear Overhauser enhancement measurements, 29 dihedral phi angle restraints, and 92 hydrogen bond restraints. For the final 22 structures, the root mean square distance from the mean atomic coordinates, calculated for well-defined secondary structure fragments, is 0.47 +/- 0.05 and 1.26 +/- 0.15 A for backbone heavy atoms (N, C alpha, C') and for all non-hydrogen atoms, respectively. The global fold contains a twisted six-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and a short alpha-helix packed on the hydrophobic side of the sheet. The 20 N-terminal and 12 C-terminal amino acids of the domain are disordered. The main-chain structure of FKBP59-I is globally similar to the NMR-derived and X-ray structures of unbound FKBP12. An unusual hydrogen bond interaction between the indole amino proton of Trp 89 and the aromatic cycle of Phe 129 was observed. This gives a large upfield shift (-4.8 ppm) and a significant exchange protection factor. The implications of the present structure determination on the ligand binding of FKBP59 are discussed.
NMR structures of two designed proteins with high sequence identity but different fold and function (2008)

How protein sequence codes for 3D structure remains a fundamental question in biology. One approach to understanding the folding code is to design a pair of proteins with maximal sequence identity but retaining different folds. Therefore, the nonidentities must be responsible for determining which fold topology prevails and constitute a fold-specific folding code. We recently designed two proteins, G(A)88 and G(B)88, with 88% sequence identity but different folds and functions [Alexander et al. (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:11963-11968]. Here, we describe the detailed 3D structures of these proteins determined in solution by NMR spectroscopy. Despite a large number of mutations taking the sequence identity level from 16 to 88%, G(A)88 and G(B)88 maintain their distinct wild-type 3-alpha and alpha/beta folds, respectively. To our knowledge, the 3D-structure determination of two monomeric proteins with such high sequence identity but different fold topology is unprecedented. The geometries of the seven nonidentical residues (of 56 total) provide insights into the structural basis for switching between 3-alpha and alpha/beta conformations. Further mutation of a subset of these nonidentities, guided by the G(A)88 and G(B)88 structures, leads to proteins with even higher levels of sequence identity (95%) and different folds. Thus, conformational switching to an alternative monomeric fold of comparable stability can be effected with just a handful of mutations in a small protein. This result has implications for understanding not only the folding code but also the evolution of new folds.
Use of Hybridoma Monoclonal Antibodies in the Detection of Antigenic Differences Between Rabies and Rabies-related Virus Proteins. II. The Glycoprotein (1980)

Twenty-five hybridoma cultures secreted monoclonal antibodies directed against the glycoprotein of rabies or rabies-related viruses. The antibodies had different specificities for the glycoproteins of eight rabies and rabies-related viruses. They could be classified into fourteen groups which probably correspond to different antigenic determinants on the glycoproteins. These hybridomas when used in either radioimmunoassay (RIA) or in neutralization tests allow differentiation of laboratory strains of rabies virus from each other as well as from the rabies-related viruses.
Ghost cancellation system for the US standard GCR (1993)

The high energy US standard ghost cancellation reference (GCR) signal has the capability to give excellent ghost cancellation quality under adverse conditions such as high noise and changing channel characteristics. To achieve the high level of performance possible with this signal an equally high performance system must be available. This paper discusses the first system developed which uses the GCR recently approved as the American standard.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hybrid Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Walls for Use in Seismic Regions (2002)

Recent research has shown that post-tensioned precast concrete lateral load resisting walls that do not emulate the behavior of monolithic cast-in-place reinforced concrete walls have desirable seismic characteristics such as a self-centering capability and an ability to undergo nonlinear lateral displacements with little damage. The biggest disadvantage of these walls under earthquake loading is an increase in the lateral displacements as a result of small energy dissipation. This paper investigates a hybrid precast wall system that uses mild steel reinforcement in addition to the post-tensioning steel for flexural strength and inelastic energy dissipation. An analytical parametric study is conducted to compare the expected seismic behavior of a series of prototype walls with different amounts of mild steel and post-tensioning steel. Nonlinear dynamic time history analyses of the walls indicate that the use of mild steel reinforcement results in a considerable reduction in the lateral displacements of the walls under earthquake loading, particularly for walls in regions of high seismicity and with shorter periods of vibration. The results of these analyses are used to present preliminary design implications for the use of hybrid post-tensioned precast walls in seismic regions.