gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Staphylococcus species with the API STAPH-IDENT system (1982)

The API STAPH-IDENT system was compared with conventional methods for the identification of 14 Staphylococcus species. Conventional methods included the Kloos and Schleifer simplified scheme and DNA-DNA hybridization. The API STAPH-IDENT strip utilizes a battery of 10 miniaturized biochemical tests, including alkaline phosphatase, urease, beta-glucosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and beta-galactosidase activity, aerobic acid formation from D-(+)-mannose, D-mannitol, D-(+)-trehalose, and salicin, and utilization of arginine. Reactions of cultures were determined after 5 h of incubation at 35 degrees C. Results indicated a high degree of congruence (greater than 90%) between the expedient API system and conventional methods for most species. The addition of a test for novobiocin susceptibility to the API system increased the accuracy of identification of S. saprophyticus, S. cohnii, and S. hominis, significantly. Several strains of S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, and S. warneri which were difficult to separate with the Kloos and Schleifer simplified scheme were accurately resolved by the API system.
Neuroblastoma therapy: what is in the pipeline? (2011)

Despite the expansion of knowledge about neuroblastoma (NB) in recent years, the therapeutic outcome for children with a high-risk NB has not significantly improved. Therefore, more effective therapies are needed. This might be achieved by aiming future efforts at recently proposed but not yet developed targets for NB therapy. In this review, we discuss the recently proposed molecular targets that are in clinical trials and, in particular, those that are not yet explored in the clinic. We focus on the selection of these molecular targets for which promising in vitro and in vivo results have been obtained by silencing/inhibiting them. In addition, these selected targets are involved at least in one of the NB tumorigenic processes: proliferation, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis and/or metastasis. In particular, we will review a recently proposed target, the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) encoded by doublecortin-like kinase gene (DCLK1). DCLK1-derived MAPs are crucial for proliferation and survival of neuroblasts and are highly expressed not only in NB but also in other tumours such as gliomas. Additionally, we will discuss neuropeptide Y, its Y2 receptor and cathepsin L as examples of targets to decrease angiogenesis and metastasis of NB. Furthermore, we will review the micro-RNAs that have been proposed as therapeutic targets for NB. Detailed investigation of these not yet developed targets as well as exploration of multi-target approaches might be the key to a more effective NB therapy, i.e. increasing specificity, reducing toxicity and avoiding long-term side effects.
Smart Power Monitoring and Control System through Internet of things using Cloud Data Storage (2015)

Background/Objectives: Lack of resources established in the present world is initiating everyone towards energy efficient technologies.Among all these resources, power is one which needs to be monitored and controlled as per the need since electricity consumption is increasing day-by day. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Internet of things reduces the effort of human by introducing machine to machine interaction. This work has been designed to implement smart power monitoring and control system through IoT using cloud data storage. Findings: Power consumed by various appliances is monitored through an ARM based controller interfaced to Hall Effect current sensors and stored in a cloud data base known as Xively. Power control of home appliances is achieved through actuators such as relays which can be controlled by client with the help of a web server. The web server is designed using Hyper Text Transfer Protocol for communication between client and server by establishing Remote Procedure Calls between client and server. Conclusion/Improvements: The designed system enables client to monitor and control the appliances at home from anywhere availing the IoT features of the designed system thereby reducing the wastage of energy.Keywords: Energy, Home Automation, IoT, Xively
Parvaim (Place) (1992)

[Heb parväyim]. Presumably an area from which gold was secured for use in Solomon's construction of the Temple (2 Chr 3:6). This geographical interpretation is reflected in most early manuscripts and in the major English translations. The suggestion of the Syriac Peshitta (cf. the Vulgate) that the
Wide-band polarization-independent optical time demultiplexer based on double-pumped FWM in SOA (2004)

A new scheme for a polarization- and wavelength-transparent optical demultiplexer, based on double-pumped four-wave-mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier, is presented. Effective 10 Gbit/s channel extraction from an optical-time-domain-multiplexed 40 Gbit/s aggregate frame is demonstrated.
Nanosized Transition Metal Spinels with High Surface Areas from Zeolite Precursors (2001)

Spinel particles with sizes in the nanometer range having high surface areas are obtained by the calcination of transition metal exchanged zeolites. The spinel crystallites grow within an amorphous silica matrix, formed by the collapse of the zeolite framework. Dissolution of this matrix leads to the high surface area spinels. The compositions of the zeolites, as well as the calcination conditions, have an influence on the type of phases formed and on the properties of the phases. The adjustment of these conditions enables control of the size of the spinel particles.
Electroactive Polymers for Corrosion Control (2003)

An introduction to the chemistry and corrosion properties of electroactive polymers (EAPs) will be presented. This chapter will focus on both the synthesis of several classes of EAPs and the processes by which the insulating form is converted to the conducting form. The book chapter will present a compelling argument for the use of EAPs as corrosion protecting materials for metals in both acidic and alkaline aqueous environments. The corrosion inhibiting properties of EAPs and the proposed mechanisms by which EAPs perform will also be discussed.
<title>Multitarget tracking in clutter</title> (2002)

A high frame rate (120 Hz), multi-target, video tracker has been developed and used in an operational environment. The tracker is able to track multiple targets simultaneously, while providing fine-track track errors on a user selected target. The system is able to accommodate real-world issues such as sensor bad pixels and natural background clutter. Several fine track modes are available, including centroid, leading edge, and correlation. The tracker provides sub- pixel track accuracy against both resolved and unresolved targets. The system has been extensively tested against radiometrically correct cloud scenes and has been successfully integrated in a tracking system to provide multi-target tracking of real targets viewed against terrain and cloud backgrounds.
Prevention of the spread of rabies to wildlife by oral vaccination of raccoons in Massachusetts (1998)

In this suburban study area, an approximate vaccination rate of 63% was sufficient to halt the spread of rabies in free-ranging raccoons. Compared with uniform bait distribution, targeting raccoon habitats increased vaccination rates.
Simulative Considerations for Future 4G Hierarchical Mobility Management in All-IP Networks (2007)

The convergence of future fixed and wireless networking more and more requires solutions for transporting realtime application data to IP enabled mobile devices and mobile networks. Even if the general Mobile IPv6 protocol performs sufficient in macro environments with non-realtime requirements, seamless mobility demands some more enhanced protocol procedures in between the mobile client and the involved network entities. Limiting the effect of handovers has the potential to considerably improve handover performance in terms of latency and packet loss. This contribution is going to present simulative studies on the performance of a future 4G Hierarchical Mobility Management approach. The demonstrated simulation scenarios comprises 3 independent access domains, twelve access routers, and up to 72 mobile clients that communicate in accordance with the popular IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN standard, as one of the possible wireless access networks in a future All-IP network infrastructure.
Data quality in predictive toxicology: reproducibility of rodent carcinogenicity experiments. (2001)

We compared 121 replicate rodent carcinogenicity assays from the two parts (National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program and literature) of the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) to estimate the reliability of these experiments. We estimated a concordance of 57% between the overall rodent carcinogenicity classifications from both sources. This value did not improve substantially when additional biologic information (species, sex, strain, target organs) was considered. These results indicate that rodent carcinogenicity assays are much less reproducible than previously expected, an effect that should be considered in the development of structure-activity relationship models and the risk assessment process.
The Effect of Relationship Benefit on Consumer's Purchase Intention: Focusing on Mediating Role of Interaction (2012)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of relationship benefit on consumer's purchase intention by focusing on the mediating role of interaction in internet shopping malls. The survey research was limited to respondents over 20 years old living in Seoul and other metropolitan areas who had purchased fashion products thru internet shopping malls. 562 data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression using SPSS program. The results indicated that each relationship benefit dimension had a significantly positive effect on consumer's purchase intention. The interaction between internet shopping malls and the consumer was categorized by two factors such as content-people interaction and people-people interaction. In addition, each interactive factor showed mediating effects between relationship benefits and consumer's purchase intention.
La aplicación de los ordenadores a un sistema de producción de la planificación del servicio ferroviario (1977)

In this article are described the tasks carried out by British Rail on the application of computers to the planning process, through which plans are created for the service of passenger, goods and parcel trains. This process starts with the specification of the required services by the commercial department and by the identification and designation of the necessary resources. This is followed by the calculation of times and graphs are made in order to create the schedules. This in turn is followed by the turns of the locomotives and of the corresponding crews, ending with the creation of exploitation instructions, necessary for the plan to be carried out. The objective of this process is to get, by the quickest and most economical way, a planning which uses the resources in the most productive manner. An efficient utilization of the resources is of utmost importance since the exploitation costs greatly depend on it. The efficiency of a planning is seldom improved, if at all, in its introduction phase; therefore it is of vital importance to use all the techniques at our disposal in order to obtain the best possible planning.
Human Taste Receptor-Functionalized Field Effect Transistor as a Human-Like Nanobioelectronic Tongue (2012)

In this study, we developed a human taste receptor protein, hTAS2R38-functionalized carboxylated polypyrrole nanotube (CPNT)-field effect transistor (FET) as a nanobioelectronic tongue (nbe-tongue) that displayed human-like performance with high sensitivity and selectivity. Taster type (PAV) and nontaster type (AVI) hTAS2R38s were expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) at a high level and immobilized on a CPNT-FET sensor platform. Among the various tastants examined, PAV-CPNT-FET exclusively responded to target bitterness compounds, phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and propylthiouracil (PROP), with high sensitivity at concentrations as low as 1 fM. However, no significant changes were observed in the AVI-CPNT-FET in response to the target bitter tastants. This nbe-tongue exhibited different bitter-taste perception of compounds containing thiourea (N-C═S) moieties such as PTC, PROP, and antithyroid toxin in vegetables, which corresponded to the haplotype of hTAS2R38 immobilized on CPNTs. This correlation with the type of receptor is very similar to the human taste system. Thus, the artificial taste sensor developed in this study allowed for the efficient detection of target tastants in mixture and real food sample with a human-like performance and high sensitivity. Furthermore, our nbe-tongue could be utilized as a substitute for cell-based assays and to better understand the mechanisms of human taste.
Underwater wireless communication system (2009)

Underwater communication has a range of applications including remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) communication and docking in the offshore industry. Current underwater transmission techniques is primarily utilise sound waves for large distance at lower frequencies and the velocity of sound in water is approximately 1500m/s the resultant communications have problems with multi-path propagation and low bandwidth problems. The use of electromagnetic (EM) techniques underwater has largely been overlooked because of the attenuation due to the conductivity of seawater. However, for short range applications, the higher frequencies and much higher velocity can prove advantageous. This paper will outline a project which will utilise recent investigations that demonstrate EM wave propagation up to the MHz frequency range is possible in seawater.
Serum Free Cultured Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Platform to Characterize the Effects of Specific Molecules (2010)

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) are easily isolated from the bone marrow by adherence to plastic surfaces. These cells show self-renewal capacity and multipotency. A unique feature of hMSC is their capacity to survive without serum. Under this condition hMSC neither proliferate nor differentiate but maintain their biological properties unaffected. Therefore, this should be a perfect platform to study the biological effects of defined molecules on these human stem cells. We show that hMSC treated for five days with retinoic acid (RA) in the absence of serum undergo several transcriptional changes causing an inhibition of ERK related pathways. We found that RA induces the loss of hMSC properties such as differentiation potential to either osteoblasts or adipocytes. We also found that RA inhibits cell cycle progression in the presence of proliferating signals such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) combined with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). In the same manner, RA showed to cause a reduction in cell adhesion and cell migration. In contrast to these results, the addition of EGF+bFGF to serum free cultures was enough to upregulate ERK activity and induce hMSC proliferation and cell migration. Furthermore, the addition of these factors to differentiation specific media instead of serum was enough to induce either osteogenesis or adipogenesis. Altogether, our results show that hMSC's ability to survive without serum enables the identification of signaling factors and pathways that are involved in their stem cell biological characteristics without possible serum interferences.
Photonics optical electronics in modern communications (2006)

Designed for senior undergraduate/first year graduate students in electrical engineering departments, this text covers key subjects in optical electronics and their applications in modern optical communications where optical waves are used as carriers of information.
Morphodynamique fluviale et tectonique : l'exemple de la vallée de la Loire dans le sud du Bassin parisien (France) / Palaeofluvial dynamics and tectonic evolution of the Loire valley in the southern part of Paris Basin (France) (2001)

Résumé Dans le sud du Bassin parisien, le système des terrasses de la Loire varie de l'amont à l'aval. À l'amont, au Bec d'Allier et à l'aval, en Sologne, on compte six replats étages, alors qu'entre les deux, dans le fossé de la Loire, leur nombre se réduit à trois. À l'aval de Briare, les formations détritiques tertiaires et quaternaires s'élargissent en éventail, permettant l'emboîtement et la conservation de nappes dont l'âge va du Burdigalien à l'Actuel. L'étude géomorphologique et sédimentologique des dépôts permet de raccorder les différentes nappes de l'amont à l'aval, de visualiser leur disposition géométrique et ainsi de reconstituer les paléotracés de la Loire depuis la mise en place des Sables de Sologne et de retracer l'évolution morphodynamique et tectonique de la région. L'écoulement vers la Manche est matérialisé par la formation polygénique des Sables de Lozère dont l'âge reste hypothétique, soit Burdigalien inférieur, soit Pliocène moyen. Celle-ci a été remaniée au Pliocène supérieur puisqu'elle renferme des augites identiques à celles du sommet de la nappe des Sables du Bourbonnais. La subsidence de la Sologne s'est poursuivie jusqu'à l'accumulation de la formation du fleuve à augite. Postérieurement à cette dernière, le soulèvement du môle de Gien est responsable du déversement définitif de la Loire vers l'Atlantique.
DS SSMA with some IC realizations (1990)

A direct-sequence spread-spectrum multiple-access (DS SSMA) system was examined, realized (hardware), and tested. Essentially, two transmitters were built: one had voice capability, whereas the other transmitted only binary data. Gold codes were used for the spreading sequence. The PN synchronization used a serial search technique for acquisition, and a tau-dither loop for tracking. A squaring loop and a differential encoding scheme (for carrier phase ambiguity) was used in the demodulation process, which was followed by conversion to a voice output when desired. The system was found to perform quite well under both single and multiple-access conditions. As a demonstration of the feasibility of implementing the system on chips, a few small blocks were put on ICs using CMOS technology. These performed as expected, and clearly demonstrated both the feasibility and attractiveness of a VLSI implementation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, and Excretion of the Antiviral Drug Arbidol in Humans (2013)

Arbidol is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that is used clinically to treat influenza. In this study, the pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and excretion of arbidol were investigated in healthy male Chinese volunteers after a single oral administration of 200 mg of arbidol hydrochloride. A total of 33 arbidol metabolites were identified in human plasma, urine, and feces. The principal biotransformation pathways included sulfoxidation, dimethylamine N-demethylation, glucuronidation, and sulfate conjugation. The major drug-related component in the plasma was sulfinylarbidol (M6-1), followed by unmetabolized arbidol, N-demethylsulfinylarbidol (M5), and sulfonylarbidol (M8). The exposures of M5, M6-1, and M8, as determined by the metabolite-to-parent area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to t (AUC(0-t)) ratio, were 0.9 ± 0.3, 11.5 ± 3.6, and 0.5 ± 0.2, respectively. In human urine, glucuronide and sulfate conjugates were detected as the major metabolites, accounting for 6.3% of the dose excreted within 0 to 96 h after drug administration. The fecal specimens mainly contained the unchanged arbidol, accounting for 32.4% of the dose. Microsomal incubation experiments demonstrated that the liver and intestines were the major organs that metabolize arbidol in humans. CYP3A4 was the major isoform involved in arbidol metabolism, whereas the other P450s and flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) played minor roles. These results indicated possible drug interactions between arbidol and CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers. Further investigations are needed to understand the importance of M6-1 in the efficacy and safety of arbidol, because of its high plasma exposure and long elimination half-life (25.0 h).
Hydrological responses to dynamically and statistically downscaled climate model output (2000)

Daily rainfall and surface temperature series were simulated for the Animas River basin, Colorado using dynamically and statistically downscaled output from the National Center for Environmental Prediction/ National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) re‐analysis. A distributed hydrological model was then applied to the downscaled data. Relative to raw NCEP output, downscaled climate variables provided more realistic simulations of basin scale hydrology. However, the results highlight the sensitivity of modeled processes to the choice of downscaling technique, and point to the need for caution when interpreting future hydrological scenarios.
Detection of reactive jamming in sensor networks (2010)

An integral part of most security- and safety-critical applications is a dependable and timely alarm notification. However, owing to the resource constraints of wireless sensor nodes (i.e., their limited power and spectral diversity), ensuring a timely and jamming-resistant delivery of alarm messages in applications that rely on wireless sensor networks is a challenging task. With current alarm forwarding schemes, blocking of an alarm by jamming is straightforward and jamming is very likely to remain unnoticed. In this work, we propose a novel jamming detection scheme as a solution to this problem. Our scheme is able to identify the cause of bit errors for individual packets by looking at the received signal strength during the reception of these bits and is well-suited for the protection of reactive alarm systems with very low network traffic. We present three different techniques for the identification of bit errors based on: predetermined knowledge, error correcting codes, and limited node wiring. We perform a detailed evaluation of the proposed solution and validate our findings experimentally with Chipcon CC1000 radios. The results show that our solution effectively detects sophisticated jamming attacks that cannot be detected with existing techniques and enables the formation of robust sensor networks for dependable delivery of alarm notifications. Our scheme also meets the high demands on the energy efficiency of reactive surveillance applications as it can operate without introducing additional wireless network traffic.
Curcumin induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells by modulating akt and p38 mAPK (2007)

Curcumin, a major active component of turmeric, is known to induce apoptosis in several types of cancer cells, but little is known about its activity in chemoresistant cells. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer properties of curcumin in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. The results indicated that curcumin inhibited the proliferation of both cisplatin-resistant (CR) and sensitive (CS) human ovarian cancer cells almost equally. Enhanced superoxide generation was observed in both CR and CS cells treated with curcumin. Curcumin induced G(2)/M phase cell-cycle arrest in CR cells by enhancing the p53 phosphorylation and apoptosis through the activation of caspase-3 followed by PARP degradation. Curcumin also inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt while the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was enhanced. In summary, our results showed that curcumin inhibits the proliferation of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells through the induction of superoxide generation, G(2)/M arrest, and apoptosis.