gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiation dose estimates for the carbon-14-labeled urea breath test. (1993)

The use of the 14C-urea breath test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric mucosa has gained widespread acceptance and utilization. In order to obtain regulatory approval for this procedure, new dose estimates were required. Previous radiation dose equivalent estimates for males only were based upon data published in 1975 for bicarbonate metabolism. Since that time, calculational techniques for dose estimation have been significantly improved and the organ masses of Reference Man updated. We have calculated dose estimates for males and females who test positive (HP+) and negative (HP-) for gastric H. pylori infection. Our results indicate that the urinary bladder wall receives the highest absorbed dose in all four of the above subject populations (HP- males = 0.14 mGy/MBq; HP- females = 0.19 mGy/MBq; HP+ males = 0.10 mGy/MBq; HP+ females = 0.14 mGy/MBq). Gonadal absorbed doses were similar to those previously estimated (testes < 0.065 mGy/MBq and ovaries < 0.084 mGy/MBq, respectively).
Analysis of slot coating flow under tilted die (2015)

Slot coating is a high precision coating method, where the film thickness is controlled by the flow rate fed to the die and the production speed. The range of desirable operating conditions for uniform coating is limited by the shape and locations of upstream and downstream menisci, which are controlled by the pressure gradient within the coating flow. The gradient can be controlled by the shape and orientation of the slot coating die, that is, die configuration. Here, the tilted die, the so‐called angle‐of‐attack configuration is considered. The configuration is similar to underbite and overbite configurations, but it has a sloped die lip due to tilting. Coating flows with such a configuration are examined by computer‐aided analysis using the Galerkin/finite element method. Using steady‐state analysis, the effect of the angle of attack on the upstream meniscus location is discussed. In transient analysis, the amplitude of the thickness variation is predicted under different types of disturbances, namely flow rate and gap oscillations. The analysis shows that die lip configurations affect the thickness uniformity under periodic disturbances. The effect of die tilting can be similar to or different from the underbite/overbite configurations, depending on the type of oscillation. During the analysis, the flow rate apportioning inside the coating flow and decomposing thickness variations into two separating oscillations are useful in understanding the results is found. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 1745–1758, 2015
Deposition and properties of zinc telluride and cadmium zinc telluride films (1986)

Thin films of ZnTe and Cd1−xZnxTe (x&lt;0.5) have been deposited by the direct combination of the elements on the surface of W/graphite, ceramic, and glass substrates at 550–600 °C in a hydrogen or helium atmosphere. Their microstructure, crystallographic, optical, and electrical properties were studied. Because of the greater stability of ZnTe than CdTe, the Zn/Cd molar ratio in Cd1−xZnxTe films is always less than that in the gas phase. The optical band gap of ZnTe has been determined to be 2.25 eV and that of Cd1−xZnxTe is a linear function of the composition. Preliminary work on Cd1−xZnxTe /CdS heterojunctions has also been carried out.
Properties of Concrete after High-Temperature Heating and Cooling (2008)

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Fast Quantum Gates for Neutral Atoms (2000)

We propose several schemes for implementing a fast two-qubit quantum gate for neutral atoms with the gate operation time much faster than the time scales associated with the external motion of the atoms in the trapping potential. In our example, the large interaction energy required to perform fast gate operations is provided by the dipole-dipole interaction of atoms excited to low-lying Rydberg states in constant electric fields. A detailed analysis of imperfections of the gate operation is given.
Versatile pulse programmer for nuclear magnetic resonance (1979)

A microprocessor-based pulse programmer for pulsed NMR applications employing digital integrated circuit and microprocessor techniques is described. The pulse programmer was designed to be completely general with the capability to quickly and easily program any desired pulse sequence. Pulse sequenching and timing information is entered through any standard ASCII terminal using a programming language developed specifically for NMR. A resident text editor provides for easy pulse sequence modifications as well as a program library feature. A language translator and run-time monitor transform this general hardware system into a ''smart'' pulse programmer capable of extended programming functions.
Regulatory Proteins for Adaptation in Photoreceptors. (1992)

Photoreceptors adapt to light intensities over the range of 6-7 log units and cover extremely wide range of light intensities: usual chemical reactions, for example a Michaelis-Menten-type enzyme reaction, saturate over the range of -3 log units of substrate concentration. Photoreceptor cytoplasmic calcium concentration decreases during light-adaptation and this calcium decrease is at least one of the underlying mechanisms of light-adaptation. Recently researchers found novel proteins that regulate the metabolism of cGMP, the second messenger in the phototransduction mechanism By taking these proteins into consideration, one can explain molecular mechanism of photoreceptor light-adaptation.
Di- and Trinuclear Iridium(III) Complexes with Poly-Mesoionic Carbenes Synthesized through Selective Base-Dependent Metalation (2015)

Mutidentate carbene ligands based on a rigid aromatic platform are valuable synthons for generating carbene complexes with higher nuclearity. We present here the selective, base-dependent synthesis of a dinuclear or a trinuclear IrIII complex from the 1,3,5-substituted benzene derived tris-triazolium salt. The dinuclear IrIII complex features an unreacted triazolium unit which enables us to compare the metric parameters between the bonded 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene to their parent triazolium salt present in the same molecule. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies confirm the di- and trinuclear nature of the complexes and establish their configuration and conformation. Both the di- and trinuclear IrIII complexes have been used for catalytic transfer hydrogenation, and these complexes are potent precatalysts delivering good to excellent yields for the reduction of benzaldehyde, acetophenone, benzophenone, and cyclohexanone. Furthermore, they show a preference for reducing nitrobenzene to either azoxybenzene or azobenzene. Mercury poisoning tests conclusively prove the homogeneous nature of the reported catalysis. The lack of orthometalation in these complexes and the possible effect thereof on catalysis are discussed.
Two New Diterpenoids from Cell Cultures of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> (2013)

A new spiroketallactone, epi-danshenspiroketallactone A (1) and a new C18-norditerpenoid, normiltioane (2) along with 21 known compounds, were isolated from cell cultures of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. In the in vitro assays, the compounds 9-11, 21-23 exhibited the significant antitumor activity with the IC(50) ranges of 1.0-8.3 µM.
Leakage reduction by optimised control of valves in water networks (1984)

The problem of minimisation of leakages due to overpressure in a water distribution network is considered, and an algorithm for computation of the optimal valve controls based on the sparse revised Simplex method is presented. Computational experience indicates that the method has low memory and processor time requirements and is suitable for online implementation on minicomputer systems. The economy of the optimal valve control policy is shown by comparison of the volume of leakages for uncontrolled, manually controlled and optimally controlled networks.
NOTICES OF RECENT PUBLICATIONS (1984)

Journal Article NOTICES OF RECENT PUBLICATIONS Get access Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracking Methods. Edited by Lennart Heimer and Martin J. RoBoards. 1981 Pp. 567New York: Pletum Press. Price $49.50 Tracing Neuronal Connections with Horseradish Peroxidase. Edited by M.-Marsel Mesulam. 1982. Pp. 251. Chichester: IBRO-Wiley. Price.£11.00(paperblack) K.E. WEBSTER K.E. WEBSTER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 107, Issue 2, June 1984, Pages 667–668, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/107.2.667 Published: 01 June 1984
Plain and Buffered Lidocaine for Neonatal Circumcision (1999)

In Brief Objective To determine if buffered lidocaine provided a more effective nerve block in a short time than plain lidocaine for neonatal circumcision. Methods One hundred ninety-four newborn males were studied in a randomized trial using two dorsal penile nerve block preparations for circumcision. Ninety-two received plain lidocaine, and 102 received buffered lidocaine. The infants were evaluated at timed intervals before the procedure, during anesthetic injection, and during circumcision. Objective measurements of heart rate and oxygen saturation, and subjective determinations of behavioral state were recorded. Using heart rate as the major outcome variable, it was determined that 65 subjects per group would be needed to achieve a power of .08. Complications also were noted. Results Heart rates and oxygen saturations were similar in the two groups at each timed interval. The behavioral characteristics and amount of crying also were comparable in both groups. The only complication was minor bleeding, seen in each group. Conclusion Adding a buffering agent to lidocaine did not provide a more effective level of anesthesia in a short time. The anesthetic effect of dorsal penile nerve block with plain lidocaine 1% for circumcision is not improved by buffering the lidocaine.
The enable construct for exception handling in Fortran 90 (1993)

It is apparent that a good mechanism for handling computing exceptions is essential for the construction of robust and maintainable Fortran 90 code. Ideally such code would execute rapidly when all is well and not fail in situations such as when data is near the arithmetic limits or there is insufficient memory for an automatic array. A language feature is needed that permits transfer of control when necessary from straightforward fast code to slower code that uses an alternative algorithm.
Diversity oriented syntheses of fused pyrimidines designed as potential antifolates (2009)

Diversity oriented syntheses of some furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines related to folate, guanine, and diaminopyrimidine-containing drugs have been developed for the preparation of potential anti-infective and anticancer compounds. Amide couplings and Suzuki couplings on the basic heterocyclic templates were used, in the latter case yields being especially high using aromatic trifluoroborates as the coupling partner. A new ring synthesis of 6-aryl-substituted deazaguanines bearing 2-alkylthio groups has been developed using Michael addition of substituted nitrostyrenes. Diversity at C-2 has been introduced by oxidation and substitution with a range of amino nucleophiles. The chemical reactivity of these pyrrolopyrimidines with respect to both electrophilic substitution in ring synthesis and nucleophilic substitution for diversity is discussed. Several compounds were found to inhibit pteridine reductases from the protozoan parasites Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major at the micromolar level and to inhibit the growth of Trypanosma brucei brucei in cell culture at higher concentrations. From these results, significant structural features required for inhibition of this important drug target enzyme have been identified.
<i>In Vitro</i> Activity of BMS-790052 on Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 4 NS5A (2011)

The antiviral profile of BMS-790052, a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication complex inhibitor targeting nonstructural protein NS5A, is well characterized for HCV genotype-1. Here, we report that BMS-790052 inhibits hybrid replicons containing HCV genotype-4 NS5A genes with 50% effective concentrations (EC(50)s) ranging from 7 to 13 pM. NS5A residue 30 was an important site for BMS-790052-selected resistance in the hybrid replicons. Our results support the potential of BMS-790052 as a valuable component of combination therapy for HCV genotype-4 chronic infection.
Fast MR imaging: techniques and clinical applications. (1990)

Fast MR imaging has matured in the past few years and is now of established value for several aspects of clinical MR imaging. The initial impetus for rapid imaging was to reduce scan times. Today its usefulness includes reducing motion artifacts, improved contrast per unit time, three-dimensional (3-D) imaging, real-time imaging, cine-mode imaging, and flow imaging. The focus of this review is on short-TR steady-state gradient-echo imaging. We discuss the basic sequence design of the mainstream fast techniques. Many important applications exist, including gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging of the brain and spine, subsecond imaging of real-time applications, myelographic imaging of the spine, cardiac cine-mode imaging; 3-D musculoskeletal (knee) imaging, 3-D pituitary imaging; two-dimensional and 3-D body imaging; 3-D carotid and intravascular imaging, and reformatting 3-D images into arbitrary planes.
Carbapenem Biosynthesis:  Confirmation of Stereochemical Assignments and the Role of CarC in the Ring Stereoinversion Process from <scp>l</scp>-Proline (2003)

(5R)-Carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid is the simplest structurally among the naturally occurring carbapenem beta-lactam antibiotics. It co-occurs with two saturated (3S,5S)- and (3S,5R)-carbapenam carboxylic acids. Confusion persists in the literature about the signs of rotation and absolute configurations of these compounds that is resolved in this paper. (3S,5S)-Carbapenam carboxylic acid was prepared from L-pyroglutamic acid to unambiguously establish its absolute configuration as identical to the natural product isolated from Serratia marcescens and from overexpression of the biosynthetic genes carAB in Escherichia coli. L-Proline labeled with deuterium or tritium at the diastereotopic C-5 methylene loci was shown to incorporate one label at the bridgehead of (3S,5S)-carbapenam carboxylic acid, but not into the "inverted" (3S,5R)-carbapenam carboxylic acid or the final carbapenem product. CarC, the third enzyme of the biosynthetic pathway required to synthesize the carbapenem, was demonstrated in cell-free studies to be dependent on alpha-ketoglutarate and ascorbate in keeping with weak sequence identities with other non-heme iron, alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent oxygenases. CarC mediated the stereoinversion of synthetic (3S,5S)-carbapenam carboxylic acid to the (5R)-carbapenem as judged by bioassay. These findings suggest that L-proline is desaturated to pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid prior to uptake into the biosynthetic pathway. The loss of the bridgehead hydrogen from the (3S,5S)-carbapenam during the ring inversion process to form the epimeric (3S,5R)-carbapenam and desaturation to the (5R)-carbapenem are proposed to be coupled by CarC to the reduction of dioxygen to drive the formation of these higher energy products, an unprecedented reaction for this enzyme class.
Calculation of Maximum Harmonic Currents and Voltages on Transmission Lines (1983)

This paper presents a method for calculating the location and magnitude of the maximum harmonic currents and voltages on a transmission line, given calculated or measured terminal values. This information is normally unavailable. However, as the number of harmonic sources on the system increases, the location and magnitude of these harmonic maximums will be of increasing importance.
Generating ideas for pictorial advertisements : starting with pictorial metaphors (2014)

Behind every good advertisement there is a creative concept, a Big Idea. In contrast to the countless number of ads, a small number of patterns of effective communication (idea templates) have been uncovered, which are invariant across content and context. In this thesis, we investigate the formalization of idea templates and use it as the basis for building computational means of generating ideas. We present a computational approach of generating one type of ideas, pictorial metaphor. A two-stage approach is proposed and implemented: Stage 1 finds concepts that are salient in a given property; Stage 2 evaluates the aptness of the concepts found as metaphor vehicles. The ideas generated by our approach were evaluated against past successful ads.
Investigation of a two-stage boost converter using the neutral point of a motor (2010)

This paper discusses about a six-step operation strategy for a proposed two-stage boost converter using the neutral point of a motor. The proposed converter consists of a small boost chopper and a three-phase inverter, which has a boost up function from the use of the leakage inductance of a motor instead of a boost-up reactor, for a DC to AC conversion. When the inverter part outputs a square waveform of 180 degree, the input current has distortion because the neutral point voltage of the motor is fluctuated at three times of the output frequency. The input current distortion because of the voltage fluctuation is reduced to 1/8 smaller by applying a feed forward control. Additionally, in this proposed circuit, the DC current is imposed into the phase current of the motor. Therefore, the influence of the imposed DC current is investigated in a FEM by simulating a 1.5-kW IPM motor.
Inactivation of ascaris lumbricoides eggs by heat, radiation, and thermoradiation (1975)

It is desirable to eliminate the public health hazards associated with land application of municipal sewage sludge as a fertilizer or soil conditioner. This report describes experimentation to determine the effects of heat, radiation, and thermoradiation on the suppression of embryonation of Ascaris lumbricoides ova, a parasite commonly found in sewage sludge. Heat effects were observed at a minimum temperature of 51°C and radiation effects at doses in excess of 15 krads of ionizing gamma radiation. Thermoradiation at 47°C suppressed embryonation at less than half the total dose required by radiation alone.
Time-of-flight optical ranging system based on time-correlated single-photon counting (1998)

The design and implementation of a prototype time-of-flight optical ranging system based on the time-correlated single-photon-counting technique are described. The sensor is characterized in terms of its longitudinal and transverse spatial resolution, single-point measurement time, and long-term stability. The system has been operated at stand-off distances of 0.5-5 m, has a depth repeatability of <30 mum, and has a lateral spatial resolution of <500 mum.
Autoantibody to an Immunoregulatory Inducer Population in Patients with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (1981)

The human inducer (T4(+)) and reciprocal cytotoxic/suppressor (T5(+)/T8(+)) subsets have been defined by monoclonal antibodies. In the present study, we examined the relationship of naturally occurring anti-T cell autoantibodies found in patients with active juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) to these subsets. In one approach, normal T cells were treated with anti-T4 or anti-T8 to eliminate the corresponding subset of cells and then analyzed for reactivity with JRA sera. It was found that JRA sera were reactive with only 15% of an enriched cytotoxic/suppressor population, whereas they reacted with 37% of an enriched inducer population. In reciprocal studies, JRA(+) T cells were eliminated with JRA sera and complement and the residual T cells (JRA(-)) reacted with monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence on a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. As expected, the JRA sera and complement treatment of unfractionated T cells markedly diminished the T4(+) subset, whereas there was a concomitant increase in T cells reactive with anti-T5 and anti-T8. A similar diminution in T4(+) T cells was found in the circulating peripheral T cell compartment of patients with active JRA who possessed the JRA antibody. Functional studies demonstrated that removal of the JRA(+) population of T cells diminished phytohemagglutinin and soluble antigen proliferative responses, both of which were previously shown to be functions of T4(+) T cells. More importantly, in the absence of JRA(+) T cells, pokeweed mitogen-stimulated immunoglobulin production was markedly enhanced, despite the concomitant increase in T5(+)/T8(+) cytotoxic/suppressor cells. These results suggest that the JRA serum may define a Qal-like antigen found predominantly on the human inducer population which could activate suppressor and/or other feedback regulatory cells.
Topiramate (1999)

Six studies are cited to demonstrate that topiramate is effective as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial-onset seizures in adults. Subsequent studies indicate that topiramate is also effective as monotherapy in adults and as adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures in children, tonic-clonic seizures of nonfocal origin in children and adults, and drop attacks in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Adverse effects for adults and children included dizziness, fatigue, ataxia, confusion, somnolence, nephrolithiasis, paresthesia, and weight loss. More adverse effects were observed at higher doses. Topiramate exhibits rapid absorption, long duration of action, and minimal interaction with other antiepileptic drugs.
Sodium butyrate induces differentiation in breast cancer cell lines expressing the estrogen receptor (1988)

Addition of sodium butyrate (NaB) to 6 cultured human breast carcinoma cell lines results in a dose and time-dependent growth inhibition. Kinetic evidence, related to the growth of a minority cell population which decreases in size with time of exposure, is presented to indicate that the NaB effect is reversible. In those cell lines that express the estrogen receptor (ER), growth inhibition is accompanied by a more differentiated phenotype, which is characterized by increased accumulation of lipid and milk-fat globule membrane glycoproteins. The potential for differentiation is not blocked by tamoxifen, indicating that the relationship to ER expression is likely secondary to the association of ER expression with a particular stage of secretory cell differentiation that is susceptible to NaB induction. Of the 3 lines shown to respond in this way (MCF-7, ZR-75-1, and MDA-134), ZR-75-1 is an extreme example that may serve as a model for studies of gene expression during human mammary epithelial cell differentiation.
A 3.9mW 25-electrode reconfigured thoracic impedance/ECG SoC with body-channel transponder (2010)

An SoC monitors thoracic impedance variance (TIV) and ECG concurrently. TIV of 0.1¿ at 3.17V/¿ sensitivity and 8-point ECG signals can be measured with 25 reconfigurable electrodes. The chip with body-channel-transceiver consumes 3.9mW and is integrated on a 4-layer fabric circuit board with flexible battery as a poultice-like plaster.