gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyunsaturated fats enhance peripheral glucose utilization in rats. (1991)

Carbohydrate intolerance is positively correlated with saturated fat consumption. In contrast, individuals consuming diets comprised of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have a lower incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). To test the hypothesis that dietary fats may influence insulin sensitivity, insulin-stimulated glucose utilization was estimated in vivo in rats consuming diets enriched with saturated fatty acids (SFA) (cocoa butter), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (olive oil), or PUFA derived from corn or fish sources. Each test meal provided (as percentage of calories) 45% carbohydrate, 39% fat, and 16% protein. The meals were consumed over an 8-week period. Metabolic clearance rate (MCR) for glucose was significantly higher (p less than 0.01; 5.69 +/- 0.46 and 5.18 +/- 0.29 ml/kg/min) for diets containing fish and corn oil sources, respectively, when compared to olive oil (4.34 +/- 0.32 ml/kg/min) and cocoa butter (4.61 +/- 0.11 ml/kg/min). Although the MCR between the fish and corn oil diets were not significantly different, the steady state plasma insulin concentration was lower during the fish oil meal (75 +/- 20 microU/ml) when compared to the corn meal (112 +/- 13 microU/ml). Fasting plasma insulin concentrations were significantly lower (p less than 0.01) following the PUFA diets compared to the other two diets. Fasting plasma glucose levels, despite being lower in the fish meal, were insignificantly different among the four test meals. Lastly, body weights were comparable among the four groups tested. These results suggest that diets enriched with PUFA enhance peripheral glucose utilization significantly more than diets comprised of MUFA or SFA sources.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Early Effect of Exogenous Na Hyaluronate on Mucociliary Clearance (2005)

There is no early effect of exogenous 1% Na hyaluronate on mucociliary clearance function.
Theoretical predictions of unstable two-phase regions in wurtzite group-III-nitride-based ternary and quaternary material systems using modified valence force field model (2001)

Group-III (B, Al, Ga, and In)-nitride quaternary alloys and group-III (Al, Ga, and In)-nitride-based mixed anion (As, P, and Sb) quaternary alloys are useful for blue and green light emitting devices and high-temperature, high-power, and high-frequency electronic devices. It is known that these alloys are very difficult to grow in certain compositional regions. The thermodynamical stability of these alloys is studied with respect to an unstable two-phase region in the phase field. The unstable two-phase region is predicted based on a strictly regular solution model. The interaction parameter used in our model is obtained analytically using the valence force field (VFF) model modified for wurtzite structures. The calculated interaction parameters, which are required to predict the unstable two-phase region, agree well with experimental results for related alloy systems. The modified VFF model can also be used to predict the microscopic crystal structure, such as first neighbor anion–cation bond lengths. In order to verify our calculations, we compare the calculated and experimental results for the first neighbor anion–cation bond lengths in the InGaN system. The calculated results agree well with the experimental results. From our calculation results, the unstable two-phase regions for four A1−x−yBxCyD type group-III-nitride quaternary alloys and nine A1−xBxC1−yDy type group-III-nitride mixed anion quaternary alloys are calculated. The predicted unstable two-phase regions agree well with experimentally observed regions of phase separation in ternary alloys, which suggests our model calculations can provide useful guidance in ternary and quaternary systems where there is no experimental data.
A new synthesis of dibenzo[<i>b,g</i>][1,5]naphthyridine‐6,12(5<i>H</i>,1<i>H</i>)dione (epindolidione) (1979)

Abstract A new convenient synthesis of dibenzo[ b,g ][1,5]naphthyridine‐6,12(5 H ,11 H )dione starting from N ‐phenylglycine ethyl ester is described. Ester condensation of N ‐phenylglycine ethyl ester with diethyl oxalate followed by reaction with aniline under acid catalysis gave a mixture of diethyl dianilinomaleate and diethyl dianilinofumarate in 54% yield. Upon heating this mixture in a high‐boiling inert solvent, 3‐anilino‐2‐ethoxycarbonyl‐4‐quinolone was obtained in 72% yield. Final ring closure of the quinolone derivative using polyphosphoric acid gave the epindolidione.
Low-Dose Glyphosate Does Not Control Annual Bromes in the Northern Great Plains (2015)

Abstract Annual bromes (downy brome and Japanese brome) have been shown to decrease perennial grass forage production and alter ecosystem functions in northern Great Plains rangelands. Large-scale chemical control might be a method for increasing rangeland forage production. Although fall application has been shown to be the most effective and least likely to impact co-occurring native species, spring germination of downy brome may reduce the efficacy of fall-only herbicide application. We assessed the impact of a low glyphosate dose rate (210 g ha −1 ) applied to rangelands in fall or in fall and spring on nontarget species and on annual brome abundance at two sites in eastern Montana over 2 yr. We tested the following hypotheses: (1) nontarget effects are greater with spring herbicide application, (2) fall and spring herbicide application are necessary for effective downy brome control, and (3) fall herbicide application is sufficient to control Japanese brome. Few nontarget effects occurred; two dicotyledonous species exhibited small increases in response to herbicide. We found that that a single fall application reduced downy brome cover and seed bank density, but after the second fall application in the following year, downy brome did not continue to show a response to herbicide. After 2 yr of fall herbicide application, Japanese brome had denser seed banks in plots where herbicide had been applied. Blanket glyphosate application on rangelands is an unreliable method for controlling annual brome invasions in the northern Great Plains.
Diffuse Well-Differentiated Lymphocytic Lymphoma: Chemotherapy with BCNU, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Melphalan and Prednisolone (1988)

Twenty patients with stage III and IV diffuse well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma were treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of BCNU, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, melphalan and prednisone (M-2). Treatment was given every 5 weeks for 11 cycles in responding patients. The median age of the patients was 62 years (range 45-76). There were 12 complete remissions and 6 partial remissions for an overall response rate of 90%. The median duration of remission was 24 months (range 12-79 months) and was identical for complete responders and partial responders. All but 2 responding patients have been subsequently retreated for relapse. The median survival was 84 months (range 1-108 months). Myelosuppression was mild. Nausea/vomiting, neuropathy, alopecia and gastrointestinal symptoms from prednisone were seen in the minority of patients. One patient expired from sepsis/neutropenia during the first cycle of therapy. The M-2 protocol produces effective remissions in diffuse well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. The relapse and survival pattern are similar to the results achieved with other chemotherapy regimens in low-grade lymphoma.
Bis-basic-substituted polycyclic aromatic compounds. New class of antiviral agents. 1. Bisalkamine esters of fluorenone-, fluorenol-, and fluorenedicarboxylic acids (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBis-basic-substituted polycyclic aromatic compounds. New class of antiviral agents. 1. Bisalkamine esters of fluorenone-, fluorenol-, and fluorenedicarboxylic acidsArthur D. Sill, William L. Albrecht, Edwin R. Andrews, Robert W. Fleming, Stephen W. Horgan, Edward McC. Roberts, and F. William SweetCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 3, 240–245Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00261a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00261a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MSC surface markers (CD44, CD73, and CD90) can identify human MSC-derived extracellular vesicles by conventional flow cytometry (2016)

We described a strategy that allows the identification and characterization by flow cytometry of hMSC-derived EV that can be routinely used in most laboratories with a standard flow cytometry facility.
Novel processing technology for permanent magnets (1993)

A rubber isostatic pressing (RIP) process is developed for high-performance magnets. The combination of high packing density of the powder in the rubber-mold cavity and magnetic alignment by a high, pulsed magnetic field is shown to be essential for obtaining good green compacts for sintered magnets having very high energy products. An automated apparatus to implement this technology is designed and constructed. The many advantages of RIP over conventional die pressing include faster, easier production of magnets with superior magnet properties.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[Beta interferon therapy of HPV infections of the female genital tract]. (1992)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of cervical and vaginal lesions due to Papilloma virus before and after beta-interferon therapy. Clinical symptoms and the therapeutic approach are described, whereas drug efficacy was assessed on a long-term basis. The study of 19 cases, brought to the Author's attention over an eight-year period (1984-91) confirms previously published reports: the use of interferon shows a good level of tolerability without complications and undeniable efficacy following surgical treatment.
Electret-based Out-Of-Plane Micro Energy Harvester with Parylene-C Serving as the Electret and Spring Material (2015)

A micro energy harvesting device based on electrostatic transduction using Parylene-C as the electret layer and spring material of an out-of-plane generator (OoPG) is presented. This approach is advantageous for three reasons. First the fabrication of the device can be realized with simpler processing steps compared to in-plane configurations. Second, being unstructured the electret has a larger area and can be charged more effectively by a corona discharge. As a consequence, thirdly, the output power is potentially higher. In this paper the design, fabrication and characterization of such an OoPG are described.
Effective wipe detection in MPEG compressed video using macro block type information (2002)

For video scene analysis, the wipe transition is considered most complex and difficult to detect. In this paper, an effective wipe detection method is proposed using the macroblock (MB) information of the MPEG compressed video. By analyzing the prediction directions of B frames, which are revealed in the MB types, the scene change region of each frame can be found. Once the accumulation of the scene change regions covers most of the area of the frame, the sequence will be considered a motionless wipe transition sequence. Besides, uncommon intracoded MB of the B frame can also be applied as an indicator of the motion wipe transition. A very simple analysis based on small amount of MB type information is sufficient to achieve wipe detection directly on MPEG compressed video. Easy extraction of MB type information, low-complexity analysis algorithm and robustness to arbitrary shape and direction of wipe transitions are the great advantages of the proposed method.
Using component metacontent to support the regression testing of component-based software (2002)

Component based software technologies are viewed as essential for creating the software systems of the future. However, the use of externally-provided components has serious drawbacks for a wide range of software engineering activities, often because of a lack of information about the components. Previously (A. Orso et al., 2000), we proposed the use of component metacontents: additional data and methods provided with a component, to support software engineering tasks. The authors present two new metacontent based techniques that address the problem of regression test selection for component based applications: a code based approach and a specification based approach. First, we illustrate the two techniques. Then, we present a case study that applies the code based technique to a real component based system. On the system studied, on average, 26% of the overall testing effort was saved over seven releases, with a maximum savings of 99% for one version.
Calcium/phospholipid-dependent kinase recognizes sites in microtubule-associated protein 2 which are phosphorylated in living brain and are not accessible to other kinases. (1986)

Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2) purified after microtubule assembly cycles from bovine brain had been shown to contain about 10 esterified phosphates (mol/mol), which were relatively phosphatase resistant and essentially confined to the projection domain which contributes to the visible arms on microtubules. The kinase responsible for phosphorylating these sites had not been identified. We have approached this question by using a phosphatase that releases the bulk of these residues and then determining which kinase can now add additional residues corresponding to those released. Three kinases were chosen because of their abundance in brain and/or proximity to microtubules. Of these only Ca/phospholipid-dependent kinase was able to recognize the previously occupied sites. We also found that MAP-2 isolated from rat brain without assembly cycles contained more phosphate than previously recognized, greater than 30 mol/mol, suggesting that 20 of these had been inadvertently released by phosphatase during assembly cycles. All 3 kinases (Ca/phospholipid-dependent, cAMP-dependent, and Ca/calmodulin-dependent kinase II) recognized more sites in the bovine than in the rat MAP-2.
Using the Student Body: College and University Students as Research Subjects in the United States during the Twentieth Century (2002)

Journal Article Using the Student Body: College and University Students as Research Subjects in the United States during the Twentieth Century Get access Heather Munro Prescott Heather Munro Prescott Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume 57, Issue 1, 1 January 2002, Pages 3–38, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/57.1.3 Published: 01 January 2002
Crystal-Field Spectra of <i>d</i>3,7 Ions. III. Spectrum of Cr3+ in Various Octahedral Crystal Fields (1963)

The spectra of eight crystals containing trivalent chromium have been measured, and the energy levels fitted to a four-parameter crystal-field theory. The values of the parameters derived from the spectra are discussed, and some mechanisms responsible for absorption intensities are evaluated.
Recombinant BCG expressing the leishmania surface antigen Gp63 induces protective immunity against Leishmania major infection in BALB/c mice (1995)

We have cloned and expressed the gp63 gene of Leishmania major in BCG to develop a recombinant vaccine against zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Two different expression systems were investigated. The first system consists of pAN, a Mycobacterium paratuberculosis promoter, which drives expression of ORF2, an open reading frame in IS900. This system allows the production of heterologous polypeptides as hybrids with the ORF2 gene product. The second expression system relies on the production of antigenic fragments as fusion proteins with the N-terminal region of Mycobacterium fortuitum beta-lactamase. Both constructs resulted in the production of Gp63 in BCG. The ability of the two recombinant BCG strains to induce protective immunity against a challenge with L. major amastigotes was evaluated after vaccination of susceptible (BALB/c), and resistant (C57BL/6) mice. Recombinant BCG producing Gp63 as a hybrid protein with the N-terminal region of the beta-lactamase elicited significant protection against a challenge with L. major in BALB/c-immunized mice.
Properties of H7N7 influenza A virus strain SC35M lacking interferon antagonist NS1 in mice and chickens (2007)

Non-structural protein NS1 of influenza A virus counteracts the host immune response by blocking the synthesis of type I interferon (IFN). As deletion of the complete NS1 gene has to date been reported only in the human H1N1 strain A/PR/8/34, it remained unclear whether NS1 is a non-essential virulence factor in other influenza A virus strains as well. In this report, the properties of NS1-deficient mutants derived from strain SC35M (H7N7) are described. A mutant of SC35M that completely lacks the NS1 gene was an excellent inducer of IFN in mammalian and avian cells in culture and, consequently, was able to multiply efficiently only in cell lines with defects in the type I IFN system. Virus mutants carrying C-terminally truncated versions of NS1 were less powerful inducers of IFN and were attenuated less strongly in human A549 cells. Although attenuated in wild-type mice, these mutants remained highly pathogenic for mice lacking the IFN-regulated antiviral factor Mx1. In contrast, the NS1-deficient SC35M mutant was completely non-pathogenic for wild-type mice, but remained pathogenic for mice lacking Mx1 and double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR). Wild-type SC35M, but not the NS1-deficient mutant virus, was able to replicate in the upper respiratory tract of birds, but neither virus induced severe disease in adult chickens. Altogether, this study supports the view that NS1 represents a non-essential virulence factor of different influenza A viruses.
Physiology and pathology of endothelin-1 in renal mesangium (2003)

Mesangial cells (MCs) play a central role in the physiology and pathophysiology of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the kidney. MCs release ET-1 in response to a variety of factors, many of which are elevated in glomerular injury. MCs also express ET receptors, activation of which leads to a complex signaling cascade with resultant stimulation of MC hypertrophy, proliferation, contraction, and extracellular matrix accumulation. MC ET-1 interacts with other important regulatory factors, including arachidonate metabolites, nitric oxide, and angiotensin II. Excessive stimulation of ET-1 production by, and activity in, MC is likely of pathogenic importance in glomerular damage in the setting of diabetes, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis. The recent introduction of ET antagonists, and possibly ET-converting enzyme inhibitors, into the clinical arena establishes the potential for new therapies for those diseases characterized by increased MC ET-1 actions. This review will examine our present understanding of how ET-1 is involved in mesangial function in health and disease. In addition, we will discuss the status of clinical trials using ET antagonists, which have only been conducted in nonrenal disease, as a background for advocating their use in diseases characterized by excessive MC-derived ET-1.
Network concepts and energy flow in the human middle-ear (1981)

The primary function of the middle-ear is the transmission of sound energy from the earcanal to the cochlea. It follows that the energy flow through the system and energy loss within it are major considerations in middle-ear modeling. These considerations are paramount at high frequencies where the fraction of energy transmitted is small (roughly 2% for the human ear at 10 kHz) and the role of the eardrum is crucial. A review of the evidence bearing on this role leads to an updating of the acoustical network for the human middle-ear advanced in 1977 (J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 62, S12) and a more refined estimate of the middle-ear transmission curve. This work takes into account recent measurements of earcanal pressure ratio, values of eardrum velocity ratio for the compound eardrum derived from holographic data, and a revised estimate of eardrum dimensions.
A yeast mutant lacking mitochondrial manganese-superoxide dismutase is hypersensitive to oxygen. (1986)

The nuclear gene for manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) of yeast mitochondria was mapped on chromosome VIII and inactivated by gene disruption. The resulting mutant lacked any protein cross-reacting with anti-MnSOD antibodies, and its mitochondria exhibited less than 1% of the cyanide-insensitive superoxide dismutase activity found in mitochondria of the wild-type parent strain. In the absence of oxygen, the mutant grew as rapidly as the wild-type parent. However, increasing concentrations of oxygen led to a progressive inhibition of growth. The properties of this mutant provide direct evidence that MnSOD contributes to the natural protection of cells against oxygen toxicity.
Selective Synthesis and Derivatization of Germasilicon Hydrides (2016)

Mixed Si/Ge hydrides SixGeyHz are valuable precursors for the deposition of binary Si-Ge alloys. This work describes the synthesis and full characterization of the previously unknown germaisotetrasilane Ph3GeSi(SiH3)3 (2) on a multigram scale from the reaction of the lithium silanide LiSi(SiH3)3 with Ph3GeCl. The stability of the Si-Ge bond in 2 versus electrophiles and nucleophiles has been investigated with the primary aim of developing new approaches to mixed sila-H-germanes (H3Ge)xSi(SiH3)4-x. With 1 equiv of MeLi, 2 reacted cleanly under cleavage of one Si-Si bond to give Ph3GeSi(SiH3)2Li, which is a valuable synthon for further derivatization. In contrast, the dephenylation reaction of 2 with 1 or 2 equiv of CF3SO3H/iBu2AlH proceeded much less selectively and afforded the desired Ph/H-germasilanes Ph2HGeSi(SiH3)3 and PhH2GeSi(SiH3)3 along with considerable amounts of Si-Ge scission products.
Optical fibre sensors and systems for industry (1985)

Discusses the development of fibre optic sensors for industrial, consumer, medical and military applications. The technology will continue to be applied to inspection, imaging and switching. For continuous measurements of the key physical quantities (temperature, pressure, flow, level and displacement) multimode technology and 'point source' sensors seem most appropriate at this stage using either intensity, wavelength or rate modulation. Devices for sensing magnetic, electric, nuclear radiation and chemical quantities are also of interest. Significant development of monomode hydrophones and gyroscopes has already taken place, and now multimode technology is being applied to multiplexing multi-sensor systems, optopneumatic and optohydraulic converters and 'control-by-light' schemes. Illustrative examples of practical developments are given and key reference sources cited.