gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Hyperbranched Aramids:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Some Applications in the Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Substrates (2003)

Hyperbranched (HB) aromatic polyamides (aramids), synthesized from A2 + B3 reagents (A = p-phenylenediamine; B = trimesic acid), have been used as polymeric supports for palladium(0) nanoparticles. The chemical−physical properties of these aramids, denoted as pPDT, have been compared to those of the polymer pABZAIA obtained from the AB2 monomer 5-(4-aminobenzamido)isophthalic acid. The two HB polymers show structural differences in the shape of the macromolecule as well as the nature of the end groups. The pPDT materials exhibit a less regular structure with both amino and carboxy terminal groups, while the pABZAIA polymer contains a single amine focal unit per molecule and carboxy end groups. HB aramid-supported Pd0 nanoparticles were obtained by reduction of polymer-supported PdCl2 with an aqueous solution of NaBH4. Some model compounds, mimicking the polymeric hyperbranched structure, were investigated to gain insight into the nature of the interactions occurring between PdCl2 and the support. The nature of the interactions between the polymeric matrix and PdCl2 was investigated by means of FT IR and XPS techniques. XPS spectroscopy, performed on both polymers and model molecules, indicated that the interaction between the support and the metallic precursor involves the terminal amino groups. The particle dimensions and the metallic dispersion were determined by TEM analysis. This study showed that the dimensions and dispersion of the metal clusters on pABZAIA are smaller than those on pPDT. A preliminary study of the catalytic performance of a specific Pd0/pPDT catalyst in the hydrogenation of relevant unsaturated substrates (benzene, benzylideneacetone, phenylacetylene, diphenylacetylene, and quinoline) has been carried out in either nonpolar or polar solvents. In most cases, the catalyst proved to be efficient, selective, and recyclable, yet the nature of the solvent affected remarkably the catalysis outcome in terms of both activity and selectivity.
The sinus elevation procedure in endosseous implant therapy. (1996)

Since the initial application of sinus lift augmentation and implant placement in the mid-1970s, there have been some variations in technique used and graft material applied. Although most authors continue to use the lateral wall, Caldwell-Luc approach, less invasive procedures such as the osteotome procedure for sinus elevation, graft, and implant placement have been proposed. Many authors use iliac crest bone that is of both a cancellous and cortical nature. However, due to the high morbidity rate of this procedure, other donor sources are explored in this review. Good success rates are shown with intraoral bone and combinations of intraoral bone with both resorbable and nonresorbable materials. Varying results are reported with demineralized freeze-dried bone, although its use in combination with hydroxyapatite seems to improve its effectiveness. All reports of clinical success are relatively short term (6 years to 6 months). Medication recommendations and posttreatment prosthetic care are covered.
Resolving the Asset Allocation Puzzle with Inter temporal Hedging and Nontraded Assets in the Stochastic Environment (2002)

Canner, Mankiw and Weil (1997) point out that the popular financial advisors on portfolio allocation among cash, bonds and stocks appear not to follow the mutual-fund separation theorem and call the inconsistency between separation theorem and popular financial advice ”an asset allocation puzzle.” For solving the asset allocation puzzle, we provide an analysis of the optimal dynamic asset allocation strategy for a long-horizon investor who has nontraded assets under an economic environment with stochastic investment opportunities and incomplete financial markets. We propose another distinguishing hedging component of the dynamic asset allocation for the stock index fund: the human capital hedging component, the hedging demand which characterizes the demand arising from the desire to hedge against changes in the labor income in contrast to Merton (1973). When we incorporate nontraded assets with intertemporal hedging, we can solve the asset allocation puzzle successfully.
Fluid friction between rotating cylinders I—Torque measurements (1936)

Abstract The stability of fluid contained between concentric rotating cylinders has been investigated and it has been shown that, when only the inner cylinder rotates, the flow becomes unstable when a certain Reynolds number of the flow is exceeded. When the outer cylinder only is rotated, the flow is stable so far as disturbances of the type produced in the former case are concerned, but provided the Reynolds number of the flow exceeds a certain value, turbulence sets in. The object of the present experiments was partly to measure the torque reaction between two cylinders in the two cases in order to find the effect of centrifugal force on the turbulence, and partly to find the critical Reynolds numbers for the transition from stream-line to turbulent flow. The apparatus is shown diagrammatically in fig. 1.
Abnormal physiological responses to touch among children with persistent feeding difficulties (2007)

Pediatric feeding/swallowing specialists commonly observe infants and toddlers who present with gagging or significant behavior state changes as a result of touch to oral and body regions. To date, this behavior has not been fully characterized or documented experimentally. This paper describes an exploratory study aimed at filling in these lacunae and providing a possible explanation. The study compares the responses to firm tactile pressure of 40 children between the ages of 3 and 18 months. The experimental group consisted of 20 children (12 males, 8 females) with heterogeneous medical diagnoses, at least 2 weeks of alternative feedings during the first 3 months of life, and a common history of persistent feeding difficulties. The comparison group consisted of 20 children with an unremarkable medical history matched by age and sex to the experimental group. Firm, tactile pressure was applied in a predetermined sequence following dermatome regions from legs to mouth. Response was recorded in terms of presence/absence of gagging and/or behavior state changes. Fifteen of the 20 children in the experimental group showed gagging (14) or inconsolable crying (1) in response to touch. None of the matched comparison group demonstrated either gagging or behavior state changes. The experimental and comparison groups showed significant differences in response to tactile input. Further, the source of these abnormal responses must be sought in similarity of experience across heterogeneous medical diagnoses and interventions. One possible explanation is a history of oral deprivation due to alternative feedings.
Influence of heating duration on high-voltage charging durability of an activated carbon electrode for electric double layer capacitors (2009)

Phenolic-resin based steam-activated carbon fiber (ACF) for electric double layer capacitors was subjected to heattreatment at 1500°C in nitrogen. The dependence of the pore structure and the capacitance retention rate after high voltage charging (3 V, 100 h, 70°C) on the heating duration was investigated using a two-electrode cell with propylene carbonate electrolyte. The micropore-shrinkage and the removal of the oxygen-containing surface functionalities of the ACF were accomplished within a short time (5 seconds) by the heat-treatment, however a longer time (1 hour) was necessary to improve the capacitance retention rate. The Raman analysis revealed that the local ordering structure changed slowly by heat-treatment at 1500°C, suggesting the sufficiently long heat-treatment essential to the improvement of the capacitance retention rate.
Automated Detection of Driver Fatigue Based on Entropy and Complexity Measures (2013)

This paper presents a real-time method based on various entropy and complexity measures for detection and identification of driving fatigue from recorded electroencephalogram (EEG), electromyogram, and electrooculogram signals. The complexity features were used to distinguish whether the subjects are experienced drivers by calculating the Lempel-Ziv complexity of EEG approximate entropy (ApEn). Different threshold values can be set for the two kinds of drivers individually. The entropy-based features, namely, the wavelet entropy (WE), the peak-to-peak value of ApEn (PP-ApEn), and the peak-to-peak value of sample entropy (PP-SampEn), were extracted from the collected signals to estimate the driving fatigue stages. We proposed WE in a sliding window (WES), PP-ApEn in a sliding window (PP-ApEnS), and PP-SampEn in a sliding window (PP-SampEnS) for real-time analysis of driver fatigue. The real-time features obtained by WE, PP-ApEn, and PP-SampEn with sliding window were applied to artificial neural network for training and testing the system, which gives four situations for the fatigue level of the subjects, namely, normal state, mild fatigue, mood swing, and excessive fatigue. Then, the driver fatigue level can be determined in real time. The accuracy of estimation is about 96.5%-99.5%. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to present the performance of the neural network classifier. The area under the ROC curve is 0.9931. The results show that the developed method is valuable for the application of avoiding some traffic accidents caused by driver's fatigue.
Possible Verification of Nonconservation of Time Parity in Colliding Beam Experiments (1965)

Peripheral neuropathy and inappropriate foot wear were the commonest risk factors for foot ulceration.
Mixture density estimators in Viterbi training (1992)

In speech recognition, speech units are usually modeled as hidden Markov processes. The use of Gaussian mixture densities for computing the local emission probabilities has led to a significant performance improvement. Analytical estimators for updating the parameters in the iterative training are well known if the Baum Welch algorithm is used, but, unfortunately, analytical formulas in the Viterbi case cannot be derived by a limiting process from the Baum Welch formulas. Approximate techniques are used with fairly good success. The authors propose analytical estimators in the Viterbi case as a natural extension of similar formulas used for the plain Gaussian density.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Duplicate short text detection based on Word2vec (2017)

In modern life, people own new social relationship, watch news, create e-commerce transactions and have entertainment online. Light blogs and short comments become more and more popular. The traditional duplicate long text detection algorithms are hard to be applied in the current situations, so more effective duplicate detection algorithm for short text is needed. Based on the bag-of-words model Word2vec, this paper proposes a kind of duplicate detection algorithm with semantic embedded for short text. Words are embedded into vectors which are as input elements in Simhash algorithm to acquire 64 bits sequence, then compare two sequences with Hamming distances and return result filtered by preset threshold value. Subsequently, a more superior improvement is proposed where we add weighted idea into. The results are compared with the unweighted Word2vec method and the traditional TF-IDF method. Experiments are carried out on the SICK corpus, and its result shows that the weighted Word2vec method achieves higher accuracy and recall rate.
Structural and kinetic analysis of p53-DNA complexes and comparison of human and murine p53. (1995)

Sequence-specific DNA binding by p53 is dependent upon protein conformation. The 1620+ form correlates with wild type p53 suppressor function and is a prerequisite for binding to the DNA consensus p53-CON in vitro. It has been reported that murine p53 changes conformation on interaction with high affinity DNA target sequences and in the present study we have analysed p53-DNA complexes using conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies against p53. For murine p53 (mp53) we show (i) the 1620+ form is retained and stabilised in complex with DNA, and (ii) the complexes are dissociated by the PAb1620 monoclonal antibody. In contrast, PAb1620 did not detect nor dissociate human p53-DNA complexes nor did it interfere with complex formation. In competition experiments murine p53 replaced human p53 (hp53) in p53-DNA complexes and this correlated with the greater lability observed for hp53-DNA complexes at a given temperature. Mixed human-murine p53 oligomers were competent for DNA binding with an estimated affinity around 5 x 10(-10) M, similar to that observed for either human or murine p53 alone. The potential significance of these observations is discussed in relation p53 function in vivo.
A multi-wavelength stabilization technique based on a local minimum search using a shared reflective etalon filter for coexistence-type WDM-PON (2008)

A multi-wavelength stabilization technique is proposed based on a local minimum search. Experiments confirm that the estimated frequency stability is 3GHz even for 100 downstream wavelengths with 50GHz spacing.
Goal-based and Risk-based Creation of Adaptive Workflow Processes (2000)

looked upon as one of the cures for the problems plaguing business organizations, which are being forced to continually restructure their business processes in response to changing market conditions. In such a situation, techniques for designing adaptive workflow processes from business goals become essential.
Dual polarized microstrip patch arrays for the next generation of spaceborne synthetic aperture radars (2002)

Discusses the requirements and the design of an advanced dual polarized future spaceborne SAR antenna using aperture-coupled microstrip patch elements. Special emphasis is given to achieve a high polarization purity, low loss, good port-to-port isolation and a high bandwidth. Results of a design study on an 8/spl times/1 element subarray as well as on an 8/spl times/8 element breadboard in C-band are presented.
The Synthesis of Δ<sup>11</sup>-17α-Acetoxyprogesterone and Related Compounds (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Δ11-17α-Acetoxyprogesterone and Related CompoundsJohn P. Dusza, J. P. Joseph, Milton Heller, and Seymour BernsteinCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1963, 6, 4, 364–369Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00340a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00340a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views47Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Template assisted electrodeposition of germanium and silicon nanowires in an ionic liquid (2008)

In this paper we report for the first time on the room temperature template synthesis of germanium and silicon nanowires by potentiostatic electrochemical deposition from the air- and water stable ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([Py(1,4)]Tf(2)N) containing GeCl(4) and SiCl(4) as a Ge and Si source, respectively. Commercially-available track-etched polycarbonate membranes (PC) with an average nominal pore diameter of 90-400 nm were used as templates. Ge and Si nanowires with an average diameter corresponding to the nanopores' diameter and lengths of a few micrometres were reproducibly obtained. Structural characterization of the nanowires was performed by EDX, TEM, HR-SEM and Raman spectroscopy. Despite the rough surface of the nanowires, governed mostly by the original shape of the nanopore's wall of the commercially-available PC membrane, preliminary structural characterizations demonstrate the promising prospective of this innovative elaboration process compared to constraining high vacuum and high temperature methods.
Optimization of a high-voltage MOSFET in ultra-thin 14nm FDSOI technology (2015)

We investigate a promising high-voltage MOSFET (HVMOS) fabricated in the leading edge 14nm Fully-Depleted Silicon-On-Insulator technology (FDSOI). We focus on a variant of the Extended-Drain MOSFET (EDMOS) on SOI which features Ultra-Thin Body and Buried oxide (UTBB) and Dual Ground Plane configuration (DGP). The independent biasing of two different ground planes located under the device enables, without film doping, to control separately the electrostatic properties of the channel and the drift regions. Electrical characteristics such as breakdown voltage and specific on-resistance are explored for different layout geometries and backgate voltage. Encouraging results of the DGP EDMOS in 14nm FDSOI are presented for 5V power management.
Uses Of Ultrasonic Impact Grinding (UIG) In Optical Fabrication (1989)

The purpose of this paper is to provide a basic understanding of the fundamentals and uses of ultrasonic impact grinding (UIG) and how it can apply to the fabrication of optical components. Emphasis will be placed on the basics of UIG, examples of applications, and capabilities of the machine tools available. Because UIG has the capability to generate complex 3-D shaped in virtually all hard, brittle materials, it has many applications in the fabrication of optical surfaces as well as heat transfer surfaces in high energy components.© (1989) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Enabling Sophisticated Analysis of x86 Binaries with RevGen (2011)

Current state-of-the-art static analysis tools for binary software operate on ad-hoc intermediate representations (IR) of the machine code. Therefore, even though IRs facilitate program analysis by abstracting away the source language, it is hard to reuse existing implementations of analysis tools in new endeavors. Recently, a new compiler framework â LLVMâ has emerged, together with many analysis tools that use its IR. However, these tools rely on a compiler to generate the IR from source code. We propose RevGen, a tool that automatically converts existing binary programs to the standard LLVM IR, making an increasingly large number of static and dynamic analysis frameworks, as well as run-time instrumentation tools, applicable to legacy software. We show the potential of RevGen by converting several programs and device drivers to LLVM and checking the resulting code with off-the-shelf analysis tools.
Weight Loss and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (2005)

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system has been causally implicated in obesity-associated hypertension. We studied the influence of obesity and weight reduction on the circulating and adipose tissue renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in menopausal women. Blood samples were analyzed for angiotensinogen, renin, aldosterone, angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, and angiotensin II. In adipose tissue biopsy samples, we analyzed angiotensinogen, renin, renin-receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme, and angiotensin II type-1 receptor gene expression. Obese women (n=19) had higher circulating angiotensinogen, renin, aldosterone, and angiotensin-converting enzyme than lean women (n=19), and lower angiotensinogen gene expression in adipose tissue. Seventeen women successfully participated in a weight reduction protocol over 13 weeks to reduce daily caloric intake by 600 kcal. Body weight was reduced by -5%, as were angiotensinogen levels by -27%, renin by -43%, aldosterone by -31%, angiotensin-converting enzyme activity by -12%, and angiotensinogen expression by -20% in adipose tissue (all P<0.05). The plasma angiotensinogen decrease was highly correlated with the waist circumference decline (r=0.74; P<0.001). Weight and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system reductions were accompanied by a -7-mm Hg reduced systolic ambulatory blood pressure. These data suggest that a 5% reduction in body weight can lead to a meaningfully reduced renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in plasma and adipose tissue, which may contribute to the reduced blood pressure.
Naked megakaryocyte nuclei as an indicator of human immunodeficiency virus infection. (1992)

Compact, lobulated megakaryocyte nuclei, apparently denuded of cytoplasm (naked nuclei), have been reported to be markedly increased in the bone marrow of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We have confirmed this observation and have developed a useful diagnostic index, the naked nucleus ratio, to characterize the bone marrow of individuals who are infected with HIV. The naked nucleus ratio, calculated as the average number of naked nuclei per high-power field divided by the average number of intact megakaryocytes per high-power field, has a sensitivity of 97.9% and a specificity of 96.4% for patients with HIV infection. In our patients with a 62.6% prevalence of HIV infection, the predictive value of a positive test was 97.9% and the predictive value of a negative test was 96.4%. An increase in the naked nucleus ratio above 10%, without specific changes in the bone marrow, should raise or may confirm the suspicion of HIV infection.
Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL antagonize the mitochondrial dysfunction preceding nuclear apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents. (1997)

A number of apoptosis-inducing agents used in cancer therapy (etoposide, doxorubicin, 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine), as well as the proapoptotic second messenger ceramide, induce a disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (delta psi m) that precedes nuclear DNA fragmentation. This effect has been observed in tumor cell lines of T-lymphoid, B-lymphoid, and myelomonocytic origin in vitro. Circulating tumor cells from patients receiving chemotherapy in vivo also demonstrate a delta psi m disruption after in vitro culture that precedes nuclear apoptosis. Transfection-enforced hyperexpression of the proto-oncogenes bcl-2 and bcl-XL protects against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, at both the level of the mitochondrial dysfunction preceding nuclear apoptosis and the level of late nuclear apoptotic events. Bcl-2-mediated inhibition of ceramide-induced delta psi m disruption is observed in normal as well as anucleate cells, indicating that bcl-2 acts on an extranuclear pathway of apoptosis. In contrast to Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, hyperexpression of the protease inhibitor cytokine response modifier A fails to protect tumor cells against chemotherapy-induced delta psi m disruption and apoptosis, although cytokine response modifier A does prevent the delta psi m collapse and posterior nuclear apoptosis triggered by cross-linking of Fas/Apo-1/CD95. In conclusion, delta psi m disruption seems to be an obligatory step of early (pre-nuclear) apoptosis, and delta psi m is stabilized by two members of the bcl-2 gene family conferring resistance to chemotherapy.