gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cultural Factors for Minimizing Bermudagrass Invasion into Tall Fescue Turf (1992)

Abstract Tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is becoming increasingly popular for turf in areas where bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon L. (Pers.)] has traditionally been grown. Volunteer bermudagrass can be a serious weed problem in tall fescue lawns, and presently there are no reliable herbicides to eradicate bermudagrass without injury to the fescue. The purpose of this study was to examine multiple cultural factors to see if a combination of treatments might be used to prevent bermudagrass invasion into fescue turf. Cutting height (19 and 57 mm), fescue cultivar (‘Kentucky‐31’ and ‘Mustang’), fescue seeding rate [2100, 12 900, and 34 400 pure‐live seeds (PLS) m −2 ], fertilization rate (49 and 244 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ), and source of bermudagrass introduction [seed, rhizomes, or stolons (clippings)] were examined in this 2‐yr field study performed on Kirkland silt loam soil (fine, mixed, thermic, Udertic Paleustolls) in central Oklahoma. No bermudagrass invaded plots that were seeded to the two higher fescue seeding rates and mowed at the higher cutting height. The greatest number of bermudagrass originations (6 crowns m −2 ) and amount of stolon coverage (42%) occurred in plots of Mustang seeded to the lowest seeding rate, mowed at the lower cutting height, and fertilized at the heavier rate, with seed as the source of bermudagrass introduction. In conclusion, if tall fescue is managed like bermudagrass turf (closer mowing, higher fertilization), then the stand may eventually give way to invading bermudagrass.
Human monoclonal anti-phospholipid antibodies selectively bind to membrane phospholipid and<i>β</i>2-glycoprotein I (<i>β</i>2-GPI) on apoptotic cells (2000)

The ability of an anti-phospholipid (LJ1) and an anti-beta2-GPI (RSP-57) human MoAb to bind to apoptotic but not viable cells was demonstrated in this study. Both MoAbs were derived from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome. The parallel analysis of the specificity and affinity of four anti-phospholipid human MoAbs suggests that the binding of LJ1 MoAb to apoptotic cells is a specific property of this MoAb. RSP-57 MoAb recognizes apoptotic cells through beta2-GPI which becomes available for binding after the interaction with negatively charged phospholipids. This observation provides evidence that the binding of human anti-phospholipid antibodies to apoptotic cells occurs in both a beta2-GPI-dependent and independent way and involves a restricted group of epitopes. The finding that LJ1 and RSP-57 MoAbs bind apoptotic cells underlines the property of these MoAbs to act as cell membrane markers of apoptosis. Major pathological implications derive from the observation that LJ1 and RSP-57 MoAbs recognize epitopes expressed on 'early' apoptotic cells. The interference with the in vivo clearance and processing of apoptotic cells is a potential pathogenic mechanism of these antibodies.
Die Wirkung von Resorcin, Phloroglucin und Orcin auf die enzymatische Oxydation von<i>p</i>-Kresol (1959)

Article Die Wirkung von Resorcin, Phloroglucin und Orcin auf die enzymatische Oxydation von p-Kresol was published on January 1, 1959 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 315, issue Jahresband).
Synthesis of New Arginine Derivatives as Substrates of Trypsin (1986)

Abstract Eight new chromogenic arginine substrates: Nα-benzyloxy-carbonyl-l-arginine 3,5-dinitroanilide hydrochloride (l-ZADA·HCl), Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine 3-nitroanilide hydrochloride (l-ZANA·HCl), Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine 3-nitro-5-chloroanilide hydrochloride (l-ZANCA·HCl), Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine 3-nitro-5-bromoanilide hydrochloride (l-ZANBA·HCl), Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine 3-nitro-5-fluoroanilide hydrochloride (l-ZANFA·HCl), Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine 3-nitro-5-iodoanilide hydrochloride (l-ZANIA·HCl), Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine 3-nitro-5-(methylsulfonyl)anilide hydrochloride (l-ZANMA·HCl), and Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine 3-nitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)anilide hydrochloride (l-ZANTA·HCl) were synthesized by coupling 5-substituted 3-nitroanilines with Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine hydrochloride. These substrates were found to be susceptible to trypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis. These series of substrates are suitable for studying electronic effects on trypsin activity.
Bounds for the complex dielectric constant of a two-component composite material (1981)

Rigorous bounds are derived for the bulk effective complex dielectric constant ${K}_{e}$ of a two-component composite medium in two cases: (a) when only the complex dielectric constants of the two components are known and (b) when, in addition to that, also the volume fractions are known. The bounds have a very simple geometric representation in the complex ${K}_{e}$ plane. From these bounds, some useful conclusions are drawn with respect to measured values of these constants in various types of composites.
DNA sequence and structural properties as predictors of human and mouse promoters (2007)

Promoters play a central role in gene regulation, yet our power to discriminate them from non-promoter sequences in higher eukaryotes is mainly restricted to those associated with CpG islands. Here, we examined in silico the promoters of 30,954 human and 18,083 mouse transcripts in the DBTSS database, to assess the impact of particular sequence and structural features (propeller twist, bendability and nucleosome positioning preference) on promoter classification and prediction. Our analysis showed that a stricter-than-traditional definition of CpG islands captures low and high CpG count promoter classes more accurately than the traditional one. We observed that both human and mouse promoter sequences are flexible with the exception of the TATA box and TSS, which are rigid regions irrespective of association with a CpG island. Therefore varying levels of structural flexibility in promoters may affect their accessibility to proteins, and hence their specificity. For all features investigated, averaged values across core promoters discriminated CpG island associated promoters from background, whereas the same did not hold for promoters without a CpG island. However, local changes around - 34 to - 23 (expected position of TATA box) and the TSS were informative in discriminating promoters (both classes) from non-promoter sequences. Additionally, we investigated ATG deserts and observed that they occur in all promoter sets except those with a TATA-box and without a CpG island in human. Interestingly, all mouse promoter sets showed ATG codon depletion irrespective of the presence of a TATA-box, possibly reflecting a weaker contribution to TSS specificity in mouse.
Asperelines A−F, Peptaibols from the Marine-Derived Fungus <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> (2009)

Fermentation of the marine-derived fungus Trichoderma asperellum, collected from the sediment of the Antarctic Penguin Island, resulted in the isolation of six new peptaibols named asperelines A-F (1-6), which are characterized by an acetylated N-terminus and a C-terminus containing an uncommon prolinol residue. Structures were determined by extensive 1D and 2D NMR ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY) spectroscopic data analysis combined with ESIMS/MS fragmentation. The absolute configurations of the amino acid residues possessing a chiral alpha-carbon and of the prolinol residue were determined to be L and S, respectively, using a new method of (1)H NMR spectroscopic comparison of complexes formed between the chiral reagent Ru(D(4)-Por*)CO and amino acids derived from the peptaibols with those formed with reference standards.
Gain-switched and mode-locked Tm/Ho-codoped 2 μm fiber laser for mid-IR supercontinuum generation in a Tm-doped fiber amplifier (2013)

A simultaneously gain-switched and mode-locked Tm/Ho-codoped fiber laser with a central wavelength of 1958 nm is reported for the first time to the authors' knowledge. The repetition rates of the gain-switched pulse envelopes and mode-locked sub-pulses are 20 kHz and 14.8 MHz, respectively. Using this laser as a seed source, a flat mid-IR supercontinuum is generated from a Tm-doped fiber amplifier. For the maximum output power of 2.17 W, the long wavelength edge of the supercontinuum spectrum is extended to 2750 nm, and the supercontinuum has a 10 dB bandwidth of 640 nm (a spectral range of ~1953–2593 nm).
Comparative Overview of Flow and Image Cytometry (2005)

This unit considers the issues of which tool to use--flow cytometry or imaging--and under what conditions. In particular, it compares the advantages and disadvantages of flow and image cytometry and provides examples illustrating the proper choice of each technology. The result is a better understanding of why the two technologies are complementary in many applications. It is clear that many scientists use the tools that are familiar to them, often in preference to the best tool. In cases where very advanced and rather expensive technologies are concerned, this is not surprising. However, there are clearly times when one form of cytometry is definitely superior to another. What then constitute the criteria for a decision when both flow cytometry and imaging are available? This unit addresses some of these concerns.
The diamond dipole: a Gaussian impulse antenna (2002)

When a typical narrowband antenna is excited by an ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse, the antenna rings at its resonant frequency, stretching out the waveform in time. A resonant antenna, like the bow tie, discone, or bicone have been available for years. A bow tie has a relatively high input impedance, and requires a matching balun to make it useable with a 50 /spl Omega/ system. A discone or a bicone antenna is more suitable for use with UWB impulses, but these are 3-D structures that are difficult to manufacture. The "diamond dipole" design arose from a long search for an antenna that combines an ultra-wideband, non-time dispersive response with a matched input impedance: all qualities essential for a successful ultra-wide band impulse radio system. A diamond dipole is an inverted bow tie with isosceles triangular elements whose height and base are scaled to be 1/4 /spl lambda/ at the center frequency of interest.
A novel sandwich capacitive accelerometer with a symmetrical structure fabricated from a D-SOI wafer (2012)

This paper presents a novel sandwich capacitance accelerometer with a symmetrical double-sided beam-mass structure. The symmetrical beam-mass structure is fabricated from a double-device-layer silicon-on-insulate (D-SOI) wafer. The proof mass is suspended by eight beams at the corners on both sides. The beams are fabricated at the device layers of the SOI wafer; the cross-section of the beams is a standard trapezoid. The thickness of the beams can be well controlled because it is determined by the thickness of the device layer in the SOI wafer, and there is no dry etching process in the accelerometer fabrication. The resonance frequency of the developed accelerometer is measured in an open-loop system by a network analyzer. The quality factor and the resonant frequency are 18 and 812?Hz, respectively. The accelerometer has an opened-loop capacitance sensitivity of 8.7?pF g?1, a closed-loop sensitivity of 1.39?V?g?1 and a nonlinearity of 0.49% over the range of 1 g. The measured input, referred to as the noise floor of the accelerometers, with an interface circuit is 2.4??g (?Hz)?1?(0?100?Hz).
Generalized expression for the growth of long period gratings (1998)

Experimental results have shown that the peak loss wavelength of long period gratings can shift in the direction of either shorter or longer wavelengths as the induced index change of the grating increases. An expression, which the authors believe to be novel, is derived and verified experimentally, to explain this phenomena. It is shown that the waveguide dispersion characteristics of the core and clad effective indices play a key role in the evolution of the transmission characteristics of the grating.
Phonons and lattice dielectric properties of zirconia (2002)

We have performed a first-principles study of the structural and vibrational properties of the three low-pressure (cubic, tetragonal, and especially monoclinic) phases of ${\mathrm{ZrO}}_{2},$ with special attention to the computation of the zone-center phonon modes and related dielectric properties. The calculations have been carried out within the local-density approximation using ultrasoft pseudopotentials and a plane-wave basis. The fully relaxed structural parameters are found to be in excellent agreement with experimental data and with previous theoretical work. The total-energy calculations correctly reproduce the energetics of the ${\mathrm{ZrO}}_{2}$ phases, and the calculated zone-center phonon frequencies yield good agreement with the infrared and Raman experimental frequencies in the monoclinic phase. The Born effective charge tensors are computed and, together with the mode eigenvectors, used to decompose the lattice dielectric susceptibility tensor into contributions arising from individual infrared-active phonon modes. This work has been partially motivated by the potential for ${\mathrm{ZrO}}_{2}$ to replace ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ as the gate-dielectric material in modern integrated-circuit technology.
Transformation Toughening in ZrO <sub>2</sub> ‐Containing Ceramics (1987)

Transformation toughening in ZrO 2 ‐containing ceramics is discussed. Specifically, microstuctures of the three distinct types of ZrO 2 ‐toughened ceramics are presented, after which microstructural evolution in MgO‐partially‐stabilized ZrO 2 Mg‐PSZ) is reviewed. The mechanical properties of such transformation‐toughened ceramics are dominated by “resistance‐curve” ( R ‐curve) behavior, wherein the crack resistance increases during the course of crack propagation. Ceramics subject to R ‐curve behavior require a more detailed failure criterion than those subject to the usual linear elastic fracture mechanics criterion involving a critical stress intensity factor, K IC .R ‐curve‐controlled fracture in ceramics provides a degree of very desirable flaw insensitivity, but can lead to counterintuitive relationships concerning strength, toughness, and initial flaw size. Examples of R curves of Mg‐PSZ with different thermal histories are given.
Java as a specification language for hardware-software systems (1997)

The specification language is a critical component of the hardware-software co-design process since it is used for functional validation and as a starting point for hardware- software partitioning and co-synthesis. This paper pro poses the Java programming language as a specification language for hardware-software systems. Java has several characteristics that make it suitable for system specification. However, static control and dataflow analysis of Java programs is problematic because Java classes are dynamically linked. This paper provides a general solution to the problem of statically analyzing Java programs using a technique that pre-allocates most class instances and aggressively resolve memory aliasing using global analysis. The output of our analysis is a control dataflow graph for the input specification. Our results for sample designs show that the analysis can extract fine to coarse-grained concurrency for subsequent hardware-software partitioning and co-synthesis steps of the hardware-software co- design process to exploit.
Design of a new tendon driven haptic interface with six degrees of freedom (2003)

A six degrees-of-freedom manipulator with force feedback capabilities has been designed for using as a haptic interface (HI) in virtual environments and teleoperators. The HI system is devised to address tasks performed by people with small tools, involving dextrous manipulation. The proposed manipulator new kinematics is fully parallel and actuator redundant. Actuator redundancy refers to the addition of more actuators than strictly necessary to control the mechanism, without increasing the mobility. The use of this form of redundancy includes the ability to partially control the internal forces and augments the kinematic dexterity. A new tendon drive is used for each of the six degrees of freedom, allowing all actuators to be fixed to the ground. Kinematic optimization of the dexterity and redundant actuation analysis of the manipulator has been developed.
The Alkene Monooxygenase from <i>Xanthobacter</i> Strain Py2 Is Closely Related to Aromatic Monooxygenases and Catalyzes Aromatic Monohydroxylation of Benzene, Toluene, and Phenol (1999)

The genes encoding the six polypeptide components of the alkene monooxygenase from Xanthobacter strain Py2 (Xamo) have been located on a 4.9-kb fragment of chromosomal DNA previously cloned in cosmid pNY2. Sequencing and analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences indicate that the components of Xamo are homologous to those of the aromatic monooxygenases, toluene 2-, 3-, and 4-monooxygenase and benzene monooxygenase, and that the gene order is identical. The genes and predicted polypeptides are aamA, encoding the 497-residue oxygenase alpha-subunit (XamoA); aamB, encoding the 88-residue oxygenase gamma-subunit (XamoB); aamC, encoding the 122-residue ferredoxin (XamoC); aamD, encoding the 101-residue coupling or effector protein (XamoD); aamE, encoding the 341-residue oxygenase beta-subunit (XamoE); and aamF, encoding the 327-residue reductase (XamoF). A sequence with >60% concurrence with the consensus sequence of sigma54 (RpoN)-dependent promoters was identified upstream of the aamA gene. Detailed comparison of XamoA with the oxygenase alpha-subunits from aromatic monooxygenases, phenol hydroxylases, methane monooxygenase, and the alkene monooxygenase from Rhodococcus rhodochrous B276 showed that, despite the overall similarity to the aromatic monooxygenases, XamoA has some distinctive characteristics of the oxygenases which oxidize aliphatic, and particularly alkene, substrates. On the basis of the similarity between Xamo and the aromatic monooxygenases, Xanthobacter strain Py2 was tested and shown to oxidize benzene, toluene, and phenol, while the alkene monooxygenase-negative mutants NZ1 and NZ2 did not. Benzene was oxidized to phenol, which accumulated transiently before being further oxidized. Toluene was oxidized to a mixture of o-, m-, and p-cresols (39.8, 18, and 41.7%, respectively) and a small amount (0.5%) of benzyl alcohol, none of which were further oxidized. In growth studies Xanthobacter strain Py2 was found to grow on phenol and catechol but not on benzene or toluene; growth on phenol required a functional alkene monooxygenase. However, there is no evidence of genes encoding steps in the metabolism of catechol in the vicinity of the aam gene cluster. This suggests that the inducer specificity of the alkene monooxygenase may have evolved to benefit from the naturally broad substrate specificity of this class of monooxygenase and the ability of the host strain to grow on catechol.
A 1.2 kW electronic ballast for multiple lamps, with dimming capability and high-power-factor (1999)

A high-frequency lighting system for a fluorescent lamp is introduced in this paper. The characteristics of the proposed lighting system are high performance, high power factor with low input current harmonic distortion, dimming capability, low current lamps crest factor, and lower cost when compared with the traditional system with similar characteristics. The use of this system in place of the conventional electromagnetic ballast results in lower power consumption and reduced maintenance cost, because the electronic system has higher efficiency and longer lamp lifetime than the electromagnetic ballast. In comparison with the conventional electronic ballast, the proposed system presents a significant reduction of cost. This reduction becomes more meaningful with the growing of the lamp number. The description of the lighting system, design procedure and experimental results taken from a 1.2 kW prototype are included in the paper. The proposed lighting system is composed of a high power-factor rectifier that supplies a high-frequency zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) inverter. The output voltage of the AC-DC converter is regulated, maintaining the power of the lamps constant, even for large variations in the utility voltage.
Resolution of DL-.alpha.-methylphenylalanine (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTResolution of DL-.alpha.-methylphenylalanineFrederick W. BollingerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1971, 14, 4, 373–375Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00286a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00286a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Malignant transformation by ras and other oncogenes produces common alterations in inositol phospholipid signaling pathways. (1988)

The role of ras proteins in signal transduction was assessed by studying inositol phospholipid metabolism and inositol phospholipid-mediated cellular responsiveness to agonists in cells transformed by ras and other oncogenes. Specific alterations were observed in the inositol phospholipid cycle of ras-transformed fibroblasts, but similar changes were also produced by spontaneous transformation or transformation mediated by either membrane-associated oncogenes, such as src, met, or trk, or cytoplasmic oncogenes, mos and raf; the nuclear oncogenes fos and myc did not produce these changes. The alterations included (i) stimulation of phospholipase A2 activity as indicated by elevated levels of glycerophosphoinositol and nonesterified arachidonic acid and (ii) specific uncoupling between surface receptor-mediated stimulation by platelet-derived growth factor, bombesin, or serum and activation of intracellular phospholipase C. These findings suggest the existence of common biochemical pathways for transformation by cytoplasmic and membrane-associated oncogenes and are not consistent with the hypothesis that 21-kDa ras proteins (p21) are direct or distinct regulatory elements of phospholipase C or phospholipase A2 in inositol phospholipid signal transduction pathways.