gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analyses of Influencing Factors of Hydrocarbon Identification Using NMR Time Domain Analysis (2012)

Time-domain analysis(TDA) is one of the most important NMR methods used in fluid identification and porosity calculation.It shows great advantages in reservoir evaluation,but there are also certain limitations.In order to investigate the adaptability of TDA in hydrocarbon identification under different reservoir conditions,numerical simulation was used in this study to analyze the factors influencing the outcomes of TDA,including longitudinal relaxation time T1,polarization time TW,porosity,hydrocarbon saturation,hydrogen index HI and polarization function.It is concluded that when acquisition mode D9TW is chosen,the viscosity of oil that can be measured by TDA is less than 9 mPa.s.After changing the short waiting time up to 2 s while keeping the long waiting time constant,the minimal viscosity reduces to less than 4 mPa.s.We also found the intensity of differential signals correlated positively with all the influencing factors mentioned above.With real low SNR NMR data,TDA can effectively identify hydrocarbon and calculate porosity only under the conditions that the differential porosities of hydrocarbon are greater than 1.5 p.u.
Comparison of Stochastic Sampling Algorithms for Uncertainty Quantification (2009)

Abstract History matching and uncertainty quantification are two important research topics in reservoir simulation currently. In the Bayesian approach, we start with prior information about a reservoir – for example from analogue outcrop data – and update our reservoir models with observations, for example from production data or time lapse seismic. The goal of this activity is often to generate multiple models that match the history and use the models to quantify uncertainties in predictions of reservoir performance. A critical aspect of generating multiple history matched models is the sampling algorithm used to generate the models. Algorithms that have been studied include gradient methods, genetic algorithms, the Ensemble Kalman Filter, and others. This paper investigates the efficiency of three stochastic sampling algorithms: Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and the Neighborhood Algorithm (NA). HMC is a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique that uses Hamiltonian dynamics to achieve larger jumps than are possible with other MCMC techniques. PSO is a swarm intelligence algorithm that uses similar dynamics to HMC to guide the search, but incorporates acceleration and damping parameters to provide rapid convergence to possible multiple minima. The Neighbourhood Algorithm is a sampling technique that uses the properties of Voronoi cells in high dimensions to achieve multiple history matched models. The algorithms are compared by generating multiple history matched reservoir models, and comparing the p10 – p50 – p90 uncertainty bounds produced by each algorithm. We show that all the algorithms are able to find equivalent match qualities for this example, but that some algorithms are able to find good fitting results quickly, whereas others are able to find a more diverse set of models in parameter space. The effects of the different sampling of model parameter space are compared in terms of the p10 - p50 - p90 uncertainty bounds in forecast oil rate. These results show that algorithms based on Hamiltonian dynamics and swarm intelligence concepts have the potential to be effective tools in uncertainty quantification in the oil industry.
Optical microwave source (2002)

A novel device for tunable optical microwave generation is presented. The capability to tune the microwave frequency as well as the locking characteristics of the developed device are experimentally investigated.
Assessing microscope image focus quality with deep learning (2018)

Our deep neural network enables classification of out-of-focus microscope images with both higher accuracy and greater precision than previous approaches via interpretable patch-level focus and certainty predictions. The use of synthetically defocused images precludes the need for a manually annotated training dataset. The model also generalizes to different image and cell types. The framework for model training and image prediction is available as a free software library and the pre-trained model is available for immediate use in Fiji (ImageJ) and CellProfiler.
Practical Content-Adaptive Subsampling for Image and Video Compression (2006)

Subsampling is a commonly used technique for modern image and video compression. Existing image and video standards such as JPEG, MPEG, and H.264 provide support for uniform chroma subsampling. This paper presents an algorithm that uses adaptive luma subsampling based on a combination of three perceptually significant image characteristics (texture, edges, and brightness) to complement uniform chroma subsampling. The algorithm is computationally efficient, simple to implement, and easy to integrate into existing standards. Experimental results show that the introduction of adaptive luma Subsampling improves image quality both quantitatively and qualitatively when compared with the sole use of uniform chroma subsampling
Efficient and Selective Reduction Protocols of the 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-benzodioxan-4-one Functional Group to Readily Provide Both Substituted Salicylaldehydes and 2-Hydroxybenzyl Alcohols (2006)

Two complementary procedures have been developed that selectively allow for the synthesis of either substituted salicylaldehydes or the corresponding 2-hydroxylbenzyl alcohols upon treatment of the 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-benzodioxan-4-one functional group with DIBAL-H or LAH, respectively.
Density Functional Theory Analysis of Metal/Graphene Systems As a Filter Membrane to Prevent CO Poisoning in Hydrogen Fuel Cells (2010)

Hydrogen fuel cells are a very promising potential replacement for internal combustion engines. However, their current use is limited by carbon monoxide poisoning of the platinum anode catalyst that occurs when CO enters the cell in the H2 feed gas. A novel new solution to this problem is the addition of a metal/graphene filter membrane exterior to the cell. This membrane will remove CO from the feed gas, allowing reduced loading of the expensive Pt catalyst and increasing cell lifetime. In the current work, density functional theory (DFT) was used to analyze graphene membranes containing nickel, copper, platinum, and iridium/gold atoms. The binding energy of the metal to the graphene was measured for a lone system and in the presence of CO and H2 to predict its durability. The binding energy of CO and H2 to metal was also measured to estimate its efficiency. All systems were analyzed using natural bond orbitals (NBOs). It was found that copper is a poor choice for use in membranes in all respects. Nickel systems show the most promise: they have a consistent metal/graphene binding energy when feed gas molecules are introduced. In addition, although CO binding is strong to Ni, Pt, and Ir/Au, nickel systems show the weakest interaction with H2. NBO analysis of these systems shows that metal orbitals are the most involved in bonding.
Insertion of the Simon nitinol caval filter: value of the antecubital vein approach. (1991)

September 1991Insertion of the Simon nitinol caval filter: value of the antecubital vein approach.Authors: D Kim, B W Schlam, D H Porter, and M SimonAuthor Info & AffiliationsVolume 157, Issue 3https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.157.3.1872238 METRICS PDFotherformats
Distinguishing collisions from low signal strength in static 802.11n wireless LANs (2011)

This paper proposes how to figure out whether frame losses are due to collisions or low signal strength. We observe subframe losses have distinct patterns through experiments, and devise a simple criterion which effectively distinguishes collisions from weak signals.
Rapid Determination of Fibrinogen by Thrombokinetics (1974)

We have demonstrated that under specific conditions the maximal rate of change in optical density (Vmax∆OD) of plasma resulting from addition of thrombin with subsequent conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is directly related to the concentration of clottable fibrinogen. Plasma fibrinogen concentration determined in seconds by this thrombokinetic analysis correlated significantly (r > 0.95, p < 0.001) with fibrinogen quantitation measured by desiccated clot weight and by biuret digestion of a thrombin-induced fibrin clot.
Introduction to Digital Filters (1980)

In this chapter, digital filter are discussed. Digital signal processing (DSP) is an established method of filtering electrical waveforms and digital images, and it is an important topic in a number of diverse fields of science and technology. The realisation of the many practical applications has been made possible by the increased availability and falling costs of sophisticated very-large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits. In particular, the ubiquitous microprocessor and associated peripheral chips provide the means of implementing relatively simple and cost-effective digital filters.
Atomic layer deposition of a MoS<sub>2</sub>film (2014)

A mono- to multilayer thick MoS₂ film has been grown by using the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique at 300 °C on a sapphire wafer. ALD provides precise control of the MoS₂ film thickness due to pulsed introduction of the reactants and self-limiting reactions of MoCl₅ and H₂S. A post-deposition annealing of the ALD-deposited monolayer film improves the crystallinity of the film, which is evident from the presence of triangle-shaped crystals that exhibit strong photoluminescence in the visible range.
Isolation and characterization of a proteinaceous antifungal compound from <i>Lactobacillus plantarum </i>YML007 and its application as a food preservative (2013)

After screening 1400 kimchi bacterial isolates, strain Lactobacillus plantarum YML007 was selected with strong antifungal activity against various foodborne pathogens. From the preliminary studies, it was found that the bioactive compound is a low molecular weight novel protein of 1256·617 Da. Biopreservative potential of Lact. plantarum YML007 was demonstrated on soybean grains, and the results point out YML007 as a potent biopreservative having broad antimicrobial activity against various foodborne pathogens.
A neuropeptide ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR103 regulates feeding, behavioral arousal, and blood pressure in mice (2006)

Here, we report the isolation and characterization of an endogenous peptide ligand of GPR103 from rat brains. The purified peptide was found to be the 43-residue RF-amide peptide QRFP. We also describe two mouse homologues of human GPR103, termed mouse GPR103A and GPR103B. QRFP binds and activates the human GPR103, as well as mouse GPR103A and GPR103B, with nanomolar affinities in transfected cells. Systematic in situ hybridization analysis in mouse brains showed that QRFP is expressed exclusively in the periventricular and lateral hypothalamus, whereas the two receptor mRNAs are distinctly localized in various brain areas without an overlap to each other. When administered centrally in mice, QRFP induced feeding behavior, accompanied by increased general locomotor activity and metabolic rate. QRFP-induced food intake was abolished by preadministration of BIBP3226, a specific antagonist for the Y1 neuropeptide Y receptor. Hypothalamic prepro-QRFP mRNA expression was up-regulated upon fasting and in genetically obese ob/ob and db/db mice. Central QRFP administration also evoked highly sustained elevation of blood pressure and heart rate. Our findings suggest that QRFP and GPR103A/B may regulate diverse neuroendocrine and behavioral functions and implicate this neuropeptide system in metabolic syndrome.
Using transient shear rheology to determine material parameters in fiber suspension theory (2009)

Fiber suspension theory model parameters for use in the simulation of fiber orientation in complex flows are, in general, either calculated from theory or fit to experimentally determined fiber orientation generated in processing flows. Transient stress growth measurements in startup of shear flow and flow reversal in the shear rate range, γ̇=1–10 s−1, were performed on a commercially available short glass fiber-filled polybutylene terephthalate using a novel “donut-shaped” sample in a cone-and-plate geometry. Predictions using the Folgar–Tucker model for fiber orientation, with a “slip” factor, combined with the Lipscomb model for stress were fit to the transient stresses at the startup of shear flow. Model parameters determined by fitting at γ̇=6 s−1 allowed for reasonable predictions of the transient stresses in flow reversal experiments at all the shear rates tested. Furthermore, fiber orientation model parameters determined by fitting the transient stresses were compared to the experimentally determined evolution of fiber orientation in startup of flow. The results suggested that fitting model predictions to the stress response in well-defined flows could lead to unambiguous model parameters provided the fiber orientation as a function of time or strain at some shear rate was known.
Efficacy trial of Vi polysaccharide vaccine against typhoid fever in south-western China. (2001)

The slightly higher dose of vaccine did not seem to alter efficacy significantly in China.
Salivary Histatin 5 and Human Neutrophil Defensin 1 Kill <i>Candida albicans</i> via Shared Pathways (2000)

Salivary histatins are a family of basic histidine-rich proteins in which therapeutic potential as drugs against oral candidiasis is apparent, considering their potent in vitro antifungal activity and lack of toxicity to humans. Histatin 5 (Hst 5) kills the fungal pathogen Candida albicans via a mechanism that involves binding to specific sites on the yeast cell membrane and subsequent release of cellular ATP in the absence of cytolysis. We explored the killing pathway activated by Hst 5 and compared it to those activated by other antifungal agents. The candidacidal activity of human neutrophil defensin 1 (HNP-1) shared very similar features to Hst 5 cytotoxic action with respect to active concentrations and magnitude of induction of nonlytic ATP efflux, depletion of intracellular ATP pools, and inhibitor profile. Hst 5 and HNP-1 are basic proteins of about 3 kDa; however, they have unique primary sequences and solution structures that cannot explain how these two molecules act so similarly on C. albicans to induce cell death. Our finding that HNP-1 prevented Hst 5 binding to the candidal Hst 5 binding protein suggests that the basis for the overlapping actions of these two naturally occurring antimicrobial proteins may involve interactions with shared yeast components.
The Synthesis of Potential Medicinal Agents from 1-Methy-3-bromo-3-piperidyl Phenyl Ketone (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Potential Medicinal Agents from 1-Methy-3-bromo-3-piperidyl Phenyl KetoneRobert E. Lyle and Glenn H. WarnerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1960, 3, 3, 597–610Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm50016a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jm50016a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views83Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An on-line stator winding resistance estimation technique for temperature monitoring of line-connected induction machines (2002)

A new technique for stator resistance (R/sub s/)-based thermal monitoring of small line-connected induction machines is proposed in this paper. A simple device is developed for injecting a small DC signal into line-connected induction machines for estimation of R/sub s/. The proposed DC injection device is capable of intermittently injecting a controllable DC bias into the motor with very low power dissipation. Experimental results under motor startup, load variation, and abnormal cooling conditions verify that the proposed technique provides an accurate estimate of R/sub s/ that is capable of responding to the changes in the motor thermal characteristics, resulting in reliable thermal protection. The proposed technique is a very practical method for thermal protection of small line-connected induction machines that can be implemented with low cost in a motor condition monitoring system.
Isolation of a cDNA encoding a mammalian multiubiquitinating enzyme (E225K) and overexpression of the functional enzyme in Escherichia coli (1991)

The ubiquitin (Ub)-conjugating enzyme E2(25K) catalyzes the synthesis of multi-Ub chains in which successive Ub units are linked by an isopeptide bond involving the epsilon-amino group of Lys-48 of Ubn, and the COOH-terminal Gly residue of Ubn+1 (Chen, Z., and Pickart, C. M. (1990) J. Biol. Chem., 265, 21835-21842). We now describe the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based cloning of an E2(25K)-encoding cDNA from a bovine thymus library, using degenerate oligonucleotide primers based on the sequences of two E2(25K) peptides. The cDNA encodes a 200-residue protein whose sequence bears similarities of 66 and 59%, respectively, to the sequences of the Ub-conjugating enzymes encoded by the UBC1 and UBC4/UBC5 genes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These three yeast E2s play key roles in Ub-dependent proteolysis (Seufert, W., McGrath, J. P., and Jentsch, S. (1990) EMBO J. 9, 4535-4541). Comparison of the amino acid sequence of E2(25K) with other known E2 sequences strongly suggests that Cys-92, one of two E2(25K) Cys residues, forms the Ub thiol ester adduct that is an intermediate in E2-catalyzed multiubiquitination. The E2(25K)-encoding cDNA was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant E2(25K) protein was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity; enzymatic assays showed that its multiubiquitinating activity was quantitatively identical with that of the native protein. The availability of a cloned cDNA will allow us to assess the physiological role of E2(25K).
Induction by hypoxia combined with low glucose or low bicarbonate and high posttranslational stability upon reoxygenation contribute to carbonic anhydrase IX expression in cancer cells (2004)

Hypoxia is an important factor of tumor microenvironment that significantly influences behaviour of tumor cells via activation of genes whose products are involved in adaptation to hypoxic stress, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and glucose transporter (GLUT-1). Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is one of the most strongly hypoxia-inducible proteins with potential value as an intrinsic marker of hypoxia. However, intratumoral distribution of CA IX only partially overlaps with distribution of VEGF and GLUT-1 indicating that regulation of CA IX differs from the regulation of other hypoxic markers. Therefore, we analysed CA IX expression in response to hypoxia combined with other stresses, and determined the stability of CA IX protein upon reoxygenation using HeLa cells as a model. We found that both hypoxia-induced transcription and CA IX protein level are further increased by reduced glucose or bicarbonate concentrations. Post-translational stability of CA IX was assessed by monitoring the quantity of biotinylated protein extracted at different time points from the cells labelled immediately after shift to reoxygenation. CA IX protein half-life in reoxygenated cells was 38 h and was independent of the duration of the foregoing hypoxia. This finding has potential implications for interpretation of clinical data as it suggests that CA IX expression may detect not only actually hypoxic tumor regions, but also the regions affected by hypoxia and adverse microenvironmental stresses before biopsy or tumor removal.
Convenient Preparation of <sup>68</sup>Ga-Based PET-Radiopharmaceuticals at Room Temperature (2008)

A straightforward labeling using generator produced positron emitting (68)Ga, which provides high quality images, may result in kit type production of PET radiopharmaceuticals and make PET examinations possible also at centers lacking accelerators. The introduction of macrocyclic bifunctional chelators that would provide fast (68)Ga-complexation at room temperature would simplify even further tracer preparation and open wide possibilities for (68)Ga-labeling of fragile and potent macromolecules. Gallium-68 has the potential to facilitate development of clinically practical PET and to promote PET technique for individualized medicine. The macrocyclic chelator, 1,4,7-triazacyclononanetriacetic acid (NOTA), and its derivative coupled to an eight amino acid residue peptide (NODAGA-TATE, [NODAGA (0), Tyr(3)]Octreotate) were labeled with (68)Ge/(68)Ga-generator produced positron emitting (68)Ga. Formation kinetics of (68)Ga-NOTA was studied as a function of pH and formation kinetics of (68)Ga-NODAGA-TATE was studied as a function of the bioconjugate concentration. The nearly quantitative radioactivity incorporation (RAI>95%) for (68)Ga-NOTA was achieved within less than 10 min at room temperature and pH 3.5. The concentrations of NODAGA-TATE required for RAI of >90% and >95% were, respectively, 2-5 and 10 microM. In both cases the purification of the (68)Ga-labeled products was not necessary since the radiochemical purity was >95% and the preparation buffer, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) is suitable for human use. In order to confirm the identity of the products, complexes comprising (nat)Ga were synthesized and analyzed by mass spectrometry. The complex was found to be stable in the reaction mixture, phosphate buffer, and human plasma during 4.5 h incubation. Free and peptide conjugated NOTA formed stable complexes with (68)Ga at room temperature within 10 min. This might be of special interest for the labeling of fragile and potent macromolecules and allow for kit type preparation of (68)Ga-based radiopharmaceuticals.
Modeling and simulation for customer driven manufacturing system design and operations planning (2007)

Agility, speed and flexibility in production networks are required in today’s global competition in the flat world. The accuracy of order date delivery promises is a key element in customer satisfaction. Agile production needs a management and evaluation tool for production changes. Discrete event simulation, DES, has mainly been used as a production system analysis tool, to evaluate new production system concepts, layout and control logic. DES can be used for operational planning as well, as shown in the paper. The simulation analysis gives a forecast of the future with given input values, thus production managers have time to react to potential problems and evaluate alternatives. A balance between multiple parallel customer orders and finite resources can be found. The authors are developing a system design evaluation method and also a decision support system for production managers. Two case studies with different approaches are described in the paper.