gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Dirichlet processes for tracking maneuvering targets (2007)

We consider the problem of state estimation for a dynamic system driven by unobserved, correlated inputs. We model these inputs via an uncertain set of temporally correlated dynamic models, where this uncertainty includes the number of modes, their associated statistics, and the rate of mode transitions. The dynamic system is formulated via two interacting graphs: a hidden Markov model (HMM) and a linear-Gaussian state space model. The HMM's state space indexes system modes, while its outputs are the unobserved inputs to the linear dynamical system. This Markovian structure accounts for temporal persistence of input regimes, but avoids rigid assumptions about their detailed dynamics. Via a hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP) prior, the complexity of our infinite state space robustly adapts to new observations. We present a learning algorithm and computational results that demonstrate the utility of the HDP for tracking, and show that it efficiently learns typical dynamics from noisy data.
RESEARCH OF CONTROL MOMENTUM GYROS FOR MICRO-SATELLITES AND 3-DOF ATTITUDE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR EXPERIMENTS (2005)

“Agility” is one of keywords for advanced missions of next generation satellites. In particular, agile attitude maneuver is one of advantages of micro-satellites. For the agile maneuver missions, Control Moment Gyros (CMGs) will meet the necessary requirements. CMG is a nice torque amplification device because a small gimbal torque input produces a large torque output. However, CMG has some difficulties in designing and control algorithm, because the amplitude of the output torque drastically changes with the gimbal angle configurations or output torque direction. In the paper, a simplified method to calculate appropriate output torque is introduced. In the method, two parameters are used: manipulability and mean maximum angular. The proposed method is experimentally evaluated using a test model of CMG developed by the authors. A 3-DOF attitude dynamics simulator is also developed for the experiment. The authors explain the experimental models of the pyramid cluster CMG and the attitude simulator, and discuss the results of the functional evaluation experiments.
Outcome of All-Oral Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens on the Rate of Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1-Related Chronic Liver Disease (2017)

Eradication of HCV RNA by direct-acting antiviral regimens might reduce the risk of HCC. Albumin and α-fetoprotein levels are significant risk factors for HCC.
Photopumped antiguide blue lasers fabricated from molecular beam epitaxial ZnSe on GaAs (1991)

Room temperature photopumped laser oscillation at 469 nm has been achieved in ZnSe thin film leaky waveguide (antiguide) resonators with threshold pump intensities of about 350 kW/cm/sup 2/. The 1 mu m thick ZnSe was grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a
Measuring Large-Scale Social Networks with High Resolution (2014)

This paper describes the deployment of a large-scale study designed to measure human interactions across a variety of communication channels, with high temporal resolution and spanning multiple years-the Copenhagen Networks Study. Specifically, we collect data on face-to-face interactions, telecommunication, social networks, location, and background information (personality, demographics, health, politics) for a densely connected population of 1000 individuals, using state-of-the-art smartphones as social sensors. Here we provide an overview of the related work and describe the motivation and research agenda driving the study. Additionally, the paper details the data-types measured, and the technical infrastructure in terms of both backend and phone software, as well as an outline of the deployment procedures. We document the participant privacy procedures and their underlying principles. The paper is concluded with early results from data analysis, illustrating the importance of multi-channel high-resolution approach to data collection.
Techniques for medium-speed data transmission over HF channels (1989)

The paper is a review of techniques for the transmission of medium-speed data over ionospheric channels. Typical applications are digital voice and high integrity data transmission using normal voice bandwidth circuits. The characteristics of the fading multipath propagation channel are described, as well as the relevant radio equipment limitations. An historical overview of modem designs is included from the early multitone designs to the present day. The two basic design approaches of multiple low-speed channels and a single high symbol rate channel with adaptive processing are described. The impact of new digital signal processing technology on modem implementation is noted. The performance of the different designs is compared, both on theoretical grounds and from the results of practical measurements. It is concluded that the single tone approach generally offers superior performance in terms of lower bit error rates, but the choice is highly dependent on the application.
Nitrite Reductase Activity of Cytochrome c (2008)

Small increases in physiological nitrite concentrations have now been shown to mediate a number of biological responses, including hypoxic vasodilation, cytoprotection after ischemia/reperfusion, and regulation of gene and protein expression. Thus, while nitrite was until recently believed to be biologically inert, it is now recognized as a potentially important hypoxic signaling molecule and therapeutic agent. Nitrite mediates signaling through its reduction to nitric oxide, via reactions with several heme-containing proteins. In this report, we show for the first time that the mitochondrial electron carrier cytochrome c can also effectively reduce nitrite to NO. This nitrite reductase activity is highly regulated as it is dependent on pentacoordination of the heme iron in the protein and occurs under anoxic and acidic conditions. Further, we demonstrate that in the presence of nitrite, pentacoordinate cytochrome c generates bioavailable NO that is able to inhibit mitochondrial respiration. These data suggest an additional role for cytochrome c as a nitrite reductase that may play an important role in regulating mitochondrial function and contributing to hypoxic, redox, and apoptotic signaling within the cell.
Metal-Initiated Amination of Alkenes and Alkynes (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal-Initiated Amination of Alkenes and Alkynes†Thomas E. Müller and Matthias BellerView Author Information Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1998, 98, 2, 675–704Publication Date (Web):February 27, 1998Publication History Received29 July 1997Revised17 November 1997Published online27 February 1998Published inissue 1 April 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr960433dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr960433dresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views12636Altmetric-Citations1190LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amines,Catalysts,Cyclization,Hydrocarbons,Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
Membrane Supported Virus Separation from Biological Solutions (2013)

Abstract Industrial production of cell culture‐derived viruses or virus‐like particles for gene therapy or as expression systems for vaccine production is a complex multi‐step process. Unfortunately, process intensification and optimization efforts mostly focus on increased reactor yields, neglecting the potential for materials design and process development for downstream unit operations that often are the bottleneck of a biopharmaceutical manufacturing process. Membrane‐based virus filtration represents an economical trade‐off towards biotechnological downstream processing with moderate to high yields and purity on one hand and relative fast process kinetics, and thereby reduced equipment size and costs, on the other hand. This article provides a short review of recent development and applications of membrane materials and membrane‐based unit operations for virus separation in the manufacturing trains of vaccines or viral vectors for gene therapy.
Vulnerabilities of modern web applications (2017)

The security of modern web applications is becoming increasingly important with their growing usage. As millions of people use these services, the availability, integrity, and confidentiality are critical. This paper describes the process of penetration testing of these applications. The goal of such testing is to detect application flaws and vulnerabilities and to propose a solution to mitigate them. The paper analyses current penetration testing tools and subsequently tests them on a use case web application, build specifically with present security flaws. The process of penetration testing is described in detail and the performance of each tool is evaluated. In the last section, recommended practices to mitigate found flaws are summarized.
Downregulation of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor by All-<i>trans</i>Retinoic Acid in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (2000)

All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) is a biologically active metabolite of vitamin A that plays an important role in cell differentiation and proliferation. Although neointimal formation after balloon injury of rat carotid artery is inhibited by atRA, the mechanisms are not clearly understood. Because the renin-angiotensin system is one of the crucial components of atherosclerosis, we examined the effects of atRA on the expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT(1)-R) in vascular smooth muscle cells. atRA (1 micromol/L) decreased the AT(1)-R mRNA level by 50% after 24 hours; AT(1)-R number was also reduced to the same extent after 48 hours. atRA markedly suppressed promoter activity of the AT(1)-R promoter-luciferase construct, but AT(1)-R mRNA stability was not affected. Cycloheximide blocked the atRA-induced decrease in AT(1)-R mRNA expression, suggesting that this process requires de novo protein synthesis. Simultaneous treatment with an agonist (Ro40-6055) specific for retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and an agonist (Ro25-7836) specific for retinoid X receptor (RXR) suppressed the AT(1)-R mRNA expression comparable to that with treatment with atRA, suggesting that the RAR/RXR heterodimer mediates the effect of atRA in AT(1)-R downregulation. These results suggest that atRA suppressed AT(1)-R mRNA transcription through new protein synthesis induced by RAR/RXR-dependent transcription. This study provides novel insight into a role of atRA as an important molecule that regulates AT(1)-R gene expression and provides possible mechanisms for the suppression of neointimal formation by atRA.
Cooperative Local Caching under Heterogeneous File Preferences (2015)

Local caching is an effective scheme for leveraging the memory of the mobile terminal (MT) and short range communications to save the bandwidth usage and reduce the download delay in the cellular communication system. Specifically, the MTs first cache in their local memories in off-peak hours and then exchange the requested files with each other in the vicinity during peak hours. However, prior works largely overlook MTs' heterogeneity in file preferences and their selfish behaviours. In this paper, we practically categorize the MTs into different interest groups according to the MTs' preferences. Each group of MTs aims to increase the probability of successful file discovery from the neighbouring MTs (from the same or different groups). Hence, we define the groups' utilities as the probability of successfully discovering the file in the neighbouring MTs, which should be maximized by deciding the caching strategies of different groups. By modelling MTs' mobilities as homogeneous Poisson point processes (HPPPs), we analytically characterize MTs' utilities in closed-form. We first consider the fully cooperative case where a centralizer helps all groups to make caching decisions. We formulate the problem as a weighted-sum utility maximization problem, through which the maximum utility trade-offs of different groups are characterized. Next, we study two benchmark cases under selfish caching, namely, partial and no cooperation, with and without inter-group file sharing, respectively. The optimal caching distributions for these two cases are derived. Finally, numerical examples are presented to compare the utilities under different cases and show the effectiveness of the fully cooperative local caching compared to the two benchmark cases.
Evaluating the use of GPUs in liver image segmentation and HMMER database searches (2009)

In this paper we present the results of parallelizing two life sciences applications, Markov random fields-based (MRF) liver segmentation and HMMER's Viterbi algorithm, using GPUs. We relate our experiences in porting both applications to the GPU as well as the techniques and optimizations that are most beneficial. The unique characteristics of both algorithms are demonstrated by implementations on an NVIDIA 8800 GTX Ultra using the CUDA programming environment. We test multiple enhancements in our GPU kernels in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each strategy. Our optimized MRF kernel achieves over 130times speedup, and our hmmsearch implementation achieves up to 38times speedup. We show that the differences in speedup between MRF and hmmsearch is due primarily to the frequency at which the hmmsearch must read from the GPU's DRAM.
Physical, Chemical and Biochemical Modifications of Protein-Based Films and Coatings: An Extensive Review (2016)

Protein-based films and coatings are an interesting alternative to traditional petroleum-based materials. However, their mechanical and barrier properties need to be enhanced in order to match those of the latter. Physical, chemical, and biochemical methods can be used for this purpose. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the effects of various treatments on whey, soy, and wheat gluten protein-based films and coatings. These three protein sources have been chosen since they are among the most abundantly used and are well described in the literature. Similar behavior might be expected for other protein sources. Most of the modifications are still not fully understood at a fundamental level, but all the methods discussed change the properties of the proteins and resulting products. Mastering these modifications is an important step towards the industrial implementation of protein-based films.
Synthetic single and double aza-scorpiand macrocycles acting as inhibitors of the antioxidant enzymes iron superoxide dismutase and trypanothione reductase in Trypanosoma cruzi with promising results in a murine model (2014)

Synthetic scorpiand-like azamacrocycles selectively inhibit SOD and TR enzymes of <italic>Trypanosoma cruzi</italic> in mice causing death of the parasites and increasing the mouse survival rate after infection and treatment.
Web service for detecting credit card fraud in near real-time (2015)

This paper focuses on the design and implementation of a distributed, highly scalable, and fault-tolerant anti-fraud service accessible via REST API. Web service works in near real-time and employs machine learning algorithms for predictive analytics. Our goal is to develop an affordable anti-fraud service, which provides a possibility for participating parties (i.e. merchants, aggregating agents, payment systems, and banks) to reduce the risks of fraudulent payments over their sites. We explore a number of approaches resulting in a significant reduction of hardware and software costs as well as the size of the team working on the project.
Interaction between fast scheduling diversity and RAKE receivers (2004)

Recent results indicate that multiuser diversity can provide significant improvements in total system capacity in fading multiuser channels. This paper investigates the simultaneous presence of link diversity and multiuser diversity and analyzes their mutual interaction. The results show that two types of diversity affect each other considerably. In particular, the use of link diversity reduces the capacity gains possible from multiuser diversity. We illustrate this by using selective RAKE receivers (with limited number of fingers) as an example of link diversity. We then present the performance trade-offs by showing the statistics of achieved SNR at the receiver as a function of the number of fingers, number of users, and number of available multipaths in the channel.
Smart healthcare: making medical care more intelligent (2019)

With the development of information technology, the concept of smart healthcare has gradually come to the fore. Smart healthcare uses a new generation of information technologies, such as the internet of things (loT), big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, to transform the traditional medical system in an all-round way, making healthcare more efficient, more convenient, and more personalized. With the aim of introducing the concept of smart healthcare, in this review, we first list the key technologies that support smart healthcare and introduce the current status of smart healthcare in several important fields. Then we expound the existing problems with smart healthcare and try to propose solutions to them. Finally, we look ahead and evaluate the future prospects of smart healthcare.
Increased Survival, Proliferation, and Migration in Metastatic Human Pancreatic Tumor Cells Expressing Functional CXCR4 (2004)

In this study, we have evaluated 11 pancreatic tumor cell lines and tumor cells from surgical samples of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma for expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Six of 11 cell lines expressed detectable mRNA of CXCR4, with three cell lines (AsPC1, Capan1, and Hs766T) having substantial amounts of transcripts. Expression was higher in lines derived from metastatic lesions compared with those derived from primary tumors. Different inflammatory cytokines did not modify expression, whereas IFN-gamma down-regulated and hypoxia up-regulated CXCR4 transcripts. Transcript expression was associated with surface expression in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. All surgical carcinoma samples tested expressed higher levels of CXCR4 than normal pancreatic ducts, which were used as reference tissue. The chemokine CXCL12 induced chemotaxis in CXCR4-positive pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, which was inhibited by anti-CXCR4 monoclonal antibody and by the antagonist AMD3100. Transendothelial migration, Matrigel invasion, and activation of matrix metalloproteases were also enhanced by CXCL12. In CXCR4-positive cell lines, CXCL12 stimulated cell proliferation. The cell line Hs766T produces high levels of CXCL12, and addition of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 partially inhibited proliferation, indicating an autocrine loop. Moreover, the addition of exogenous CXCL12 inhibited apoptosis induced by serum starvation. These results indicate that the CXCR4 receptor is frequently expressed in metastatic pancreatic tumor cells. CXCR4 not only stimulates cell motility and invasion but also promotes survival and proliferation. Strategies to target CXCR4 expressed on tumor cells may be of benefit in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Competitive Adsorption of Arsenate and Arsenite on Oxides and Clay Minerals (2002)

Arsenic adsorption on amorphous Al and Fe oxides and the clay minerals, kaolinite, montmorillonite, and illite was investigated as a function of solution pH and As redox state, i.e., arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)]. Arsenic adsorption experiments were carried out in batch systems to determine adsorption envelopes, amount of As(III), As(V), or both adsorbed as a function of solution pH per fixed total As concentration of 20 μ M As. Arsenate adsorption on oxides and clays was maximal at low pH and decreased with increasing pH above pH 9 for Al oxide, pH 7 for Fe oxide and pH 5 for clays. Arsenite adsorption exhibited parabolic behavior with an adsorption maximum around pH 8.5 for all materials. There was no competitive effect of the presence of equimolar arsenite on arsenate adsorption. The competitive effect of equimolar arsenate on arsenite adsorption was small and apparent only on kaolinite and illite in the pH range 6.5 to 9. The constant capacitance model was able to fit the arsenate and arsenite adsorption envelopes to obtain values of the intrinsic As surface complexation constants. These intrinsic surface complexation constants were then used in the model to predict competitive arsenate and arsenite adsorption from solutions containing equimolar As(III) and As(V) concentrations. The constant capacitance model was able to predict As adsorption from mixed As(III)‐As(V) solutions in systems where there was no competitive effect.
The development of a self-contained instant-display erasable electrophoretic x-ray imager (1979)

We report the construction and operation of a self-contained electrophoretic x-ray image cell which, between two transparent-electrode coated glass plates, has an electrophoretic liquid in direct contact with radioconductive amorphous selenium. The image cell has a built-in memory which holds the x-ray image after a transitory x-ray exposure. The x-ray image can be developed and erased, without handling the liquid toner or radioconductive material. Potential applications include radiography, mammography, and x-ray inspection of baggages, mail, industrial products, and machines.
Multiple Modulation Strategy of Flying Capacitor DC/DC Converter (2019)

Flying-capacitor multiplexed modulation technology is suitable for bipolar DC microgrids with higher voltage levels and higher current levels. The module combination and corresponding modulation method can be flexibly selected according to the voltage level and capacity level. This paper proposes a bipolar bidirectional DC/DC converter and its interleaved-complementary modulation strategy that is suitable for bipolar DC microgrids. The converter consists of two flying-capacitor three-level bidirectional DC/DC converters that are interleaved in parallel 90°, and then cascaded with another module to form a symmetrical structure of the upper and lower arms; the complementary modulation of the upper and lower half bridges constitutes an interleaved complementary multilevel bidirectional DC/DC converter. If the bidirectional converter needs to provide a stronger overcurrent capability, more bridge arms can be interleaved in parallel. Once n bridge arms are connected in parallel, the bridge arms should be interleaved 180°/n in parallel. In bipolar DC microgrids, the upper and lower arms should be complementarily modulated, and the input and output are isolated by the inductance. To solve the current difference, caused by the inconsistent parasitic, the voltage-current double closed-loop-control is used, and the dynamic response is faster during bidirectional operation. This paper proposes theoretical analysis and experiments that verify bipolar bidirectional DC/DC converter for high-power energy storage.