gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dimerization of the Highly Conserved Light Chain Shared by Dynein and Myosin V (1997)

The Mr 8,000 light chain originally identified in Chlamydomonas flagellar dynein is also a component of both cytoplasmic dynein and myosin V. Furthermore, this small protein has been implicated as an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, suggesting that it may play multiple regulatory roles within the cell. Covalent cross-linking of both dynein and myosin V using 1,5-difluoro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene revealed that this light chain exists as a dimer in situ. This observation was confirmed using two additional amine-selective cross-linking reagents (dimethyl pimelimidate and disuccinimidyl suberate). When expressed as a C-terminal fusion with maltose-binding protein, the presence of the light chain caused the recombinant molecule to dimerize. Analysis of fusions containing truncated light chains identified the predicted amphiphilic helix (residues 14-32) as sufficient to cause dimerization; cross-linking required a second helical segment (residues 33-46). Together the data presented suggest that two light chains interact to form a parallel dimeric structure. This arrangement has significant implications for the potential functions of this highly conserved molecule and suggests a mechanism by which it might dissociate nitric oxide synthase.
Heat Shock-Induced Accumulation of Translation Elongation and Termination Factors Precedes Assembly of Stress Granules in S. cerevisiae (2013)

In response to severe environmental stresses eukaryotic cells shut down translation and accumulate components of the translational machinery in stress granules (SGs). Since they contain mainly mRNA, translation initiation factors and 40S ribosomal subunits, they have been referred to as dominant accumulations of stalled translation preinitiation complexes. Here we present evidence that the robust heat shock-induced SGs of S. cerevisiae also contain translation elongation factors eEF3 (Yef3p) and eEF1Bγ2 (Tef4p) as well as translation termination factors eRF1 (Sup45p) and eRF3 (Sup35p). Despite the presence of the yeast prion protein Sup35 in heat shock-induced SGs, we found out that its prion-like domain is not involved in the SGs assembly. Factors eEF3, eEF1Bγ2 and eRF1 were accumulated and co-localized with Dcp2 foci even upon a milder heat shock at 42°C independently of P-bodies scaffolding proteins. We also show that eEF3 accumulations at 42°C determine sites of the genuine SGs assembly at 46°C. We suggest that identification of translation elongation and termination factors in SGs might help to understand the mechanism of the eIF2α factor phosphorylation-independent repression of translation and SGs assembly.
A broadband noncontacting sliding short (1971)

The National Bureau of Standards 1 was established by an act of Congress March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation's science and technology and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts research and provides: (1) a basis for the Nation's physical measure- ment system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to promote public safety.
Dynamic spectroscopic ellipsometry based on a one-piece polarizing interferometric scheme (2019)

A dynamic spectroscopic ellipsometer based on a one-piece interferometric polarization-modulation is described. The proposed system can provide spectro-ellipsometric parameters Ψ (λ) and Δ (λ) with a real time speed of a few tens of milliseconds for 1,640-points spectra while maintaining high precision of less than 0.02 degrees. The ultrafast measurement capability enables the novel concept to be applied for a dynamic solution by which we can measure even the thin film thickness of moving samples dynamically.
Research on cooperative optimization of improved estimation of distribution algorithm (2010)

For that EDA is easy to fall in local optimum in the process of problem solving,the physical annealing is introduced into this algorithm and the Simulated Annealing Estimation of Distribution algorithm(SAEDA) is put forward,annealing temperature denoted by information entropy.Afterward,based on this,for parallel compute ability proved by multi-core processor,a quantum-behave estimation of distributions cooperative optimization algorithm is put forward.The simulation experiment result shows that the algorithm can shorten optimize time and improve optimize result.
HLA‐A and ‐B allele associations with secondary dengue virus infections correlate with disease severity and the infecting viral serotype in ethnic Thais (2002)

Little is known of the role of classical HLA-A and -B class I alleles in determining resistance, susceptibility, or the severity of acute viral infections. Appropriate paradigms for immunogenetic studies of acute viral infections are dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Both primary and secondary infections with dengue virus (DEN) serotypes 1, 2, 3 or 4, can result in either clinically less severe DF or the more severe DHF. In secondary exposures, a memory response is induced in immunologically primed individuals, which can both clear the infecting dengue virus and contribute to its pathology. In a case-control study of 263 ethnic Thai patients infected with either DEN-1, -2, -3 or -4, we detected HLA class I associations with secondary infections, but not in immunologically naive patients with primary infections. HLA-A*0203 was associated with the less severe DF, regardless of the secondary infecting virus serotype. By contrast, HLA-A*0207 was associated with susceptibility to the more severe DHF in patients with secondary DEN-1 and DEN-2 infections only. Conversely, HLA-B*51 was associated with the development of DHF in patients with secondary infections, and HLA-B*52 was associated with DF in patients with secondary DEN-1 and DEN-2 infections. Moreover, HLA-B44, B62, B76 and B77 also appeared to be protective against developing clinical disease after secondary dengue virus infection. These results confirm that classical HLA class I alleles are associated with the clinical outcome of exposure to dengue virus, in previously exposed and immunologically primed individuals.
Spurious tones in digital delta sigma modulators with pseudorandom dither (2013)

Pseudorandom dither generators are widely used to break up periodic cycles in digital delta sigma modulators in order to minimize spurious tones produced by underlying periodic behavior. Unfortunately, pseudorandom dither signals are themselves periodic and therefore can have limited effectiveness. This paper identifies some limitations of using pseudorandom dither signals that are inherently periodic.
Phase II trial of huN901-DM1 in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and CD56-positive small cell carcinoma (2007)

18084 Background: HuN901-DM1, a humanized antibody-maytansinoid immunoconjugagte, binds to CD56 which is expressed in almost all cases of SCLC as well as in other small cell carcinomas (SCC), neuroendocrine carcinomas, and multiple myeloma. The immunoconjugate binds to its target antigen, is internalized, then releases DM1. Methods: Patients with relapsed SCLC and CD56- positive SCC of other sites are treated with huN901-DM1 given as an intravenous infusion at 60 mg/m 2 /week for four consecutive weeks every six weeks. The study consists of two stages. Fourteen patients were initially enrolled. The occurrence of an objective response among the initial 14 patients prompted expansion to a total of 35 evaluable patients. Clinical response is evaluated by RECIST criteria. Results: To date, thirty patients have been treated in the study. Four patients experienced drug related serious adverse events (SAEs). Three patients had severe headache after the initial infusion of study drug. Symptoms markedly improved after 24 hours and then completely resolved. Severe headaches did not occur in subsequent patients who were pre-medicated with steroids prior to all infusions. A patient with a history of diabetic neuropathy and prior cisplatin treatment had grade 4 hyperesthesia. There was no evidence of clinically significant myelosuppression. HuN901-DM1 generally was well tolerated and no serious infusion reactions occurred. Preliminary pharmacokinetic (PK) data reveal no prolongation of terminal half-life of the immunoconjugate when PK parameters are compared from the first and fourth dose of cycle 1. Further, there was no evidence of antibody formation to the antibody component (HAHA) or drug component (HADA) of huN901-DM1. One patient (pt) with relapsed, SCLC had an objective partial response lasting 18 weeks and a pt with cervical SCC had an unconfirmed partial response. Stable disease was observed in five patients and lasted about 6 (3 pts), 12 (1 pt), and 18 weeks (1 pt). Conclusions: The study provides evidence of clinical activity and safety of huN901-DM1. Pre-medication with steroids appears effective in preventing severe headaches. Enrollment of additional patients to the study is planned. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
REACTIONS WITH HYDRAZONOYL HALIDES XIII<sup>1</sup>: SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW THIADIAZOLINE, ARYLAZOTHIAZOLE AND PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES (1996)

Abstract Hydrazonoyl halide 4 reacts with sodium thiophenolate and sodium benzenesulfinate to give the corresponding hydrazones 5 and 6, respectively. Also, reacts with thiourea, potassium thiocyanate and P-ketosulfones, to give arylazothiazoles 7, thiadiazolines 9, and pyrazols 13, respectively. Compounds 19 reacts with substituted thioanilide to afford thiadiazolines 24. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were assigned and confirmed on the basis of their elemental analyses, spectral data and alternate synthesis whenever possible.
Dispersion compensation in coherent fiber-optic communications (1987)

Linear filtering techniques in coherent communications systems appear to offer a useful method for increasing the bandwidth in dispersion-limited fiber-optical signal propagation. These techniques are described, and the requirements on filter performance are outlined. Bandwidth is shown to be related to the square root of the filter figure of merit.
Use of Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes To Evaluate Impaired Bile Acid Transport as a Mechanism of Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity (2007)

Drug-induced liver toxicity is a significant problem in drug development and clinical practice, yet its mechanisms are not well understood. Growing evidence suggests that inhibition of bile acid transport may be one mechanism of hepatotoxicity. A number of hepatic transporters work in concert to transport bile acids and xenobiotics from blood to bile, and many drugs have been shown to perturb this process with detrimental consequences. Hepatocytes cultured in a sandwich configuration maintain transporter activity and liver-specific metabolic functions; thus, the sandwich-cultured hepatocyte model represents a useful tool for evaluating hepatotoxicity caused by interference with hepatic transporters. As an example, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist troglitazone is one such drug that has been shown to inhibit bile acid transport in vitro. Data presented in this manuscript indicate that troglitazone inhibits both basolateral uptake and canalicular excretion of taurocholate in a concentration-dependent manner in both sandwich-cultured and suspended human and rat hepatocytes. These data confirm both the interaction of troglitazone with bile acid transporters in hepatocytes and the utility of the sandwich-cultured hepatocyte model to study such interactions.
The Strigolactone Germination Stimulants of the Plant-Parasitic<i>Striga</i>and<i>Orobanche</i>spp. Are Derived from the Carotenoid Pathway (2005)

The seeds of parasitic plants of the genera Striga and Orobanche will only germinate after induction by a chemical signal exuded from the roots of their host. Up to now, several of these germination stimulants have been isolated and identified in the root exudates of a series of host plants of both Orobanche and Striga spp. In most cases, the compounds were shown to be isoprenoid and belong to one chemical class, collectively called the strigolactones, and suggested by many authors to be sesquiterpene lactones. However, this classification was never proven; hence, the biosynthetic pathways of the germination stimulants are unknown. We have used carotenoid mutants of maize (Zea mays) and inhibitors of isoprenoid pathways on maize, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and assessed the effects on the root exudate-induced germination of Striga hermonthica and Orobanche crenata. Here, we show that for these three host and two parasitic plant species, the strigolactone germination stimulants are derived from the carotenoid pathway. Furthermore, we hypothesize how the germination stimulants are formed. We also discuss this finding as an explanation for some phenomena that have been observed for the host-parasitic plant interaction, such as the effect of mycorrhiza on S. hermonthica infestation.
Structure of Chemically Deposited Nickel (1957)

An analysis was made of the structure of the Ni deposit produced by the catalytic Ni reduction process. X‐ray and electron diffraction revealed that the Ni deposit was an amorphous solid. The structure appeared to be unrelated to and independent of the nature of the substrate and thickness of the deposit.
Biopsy Pathology in Colorectal Disease, 2Ed (2006)

Biopsy Pathology in Colorectal Disease shows how the practising pathologist can extract the maximum of diagnostic value from biopsies of the colon, rectum and anus. With the advances in colonoscopic mucosal biopsy techniques these are amongst the most frequently encountered specimens in hospital histopathology departments. This new edition provides
Electron Microscopy of Young <i>Candida albicans</i> Chlamydospores (1974)

One- to three-day-old cultures of Candida albicans bearing chlamydospores were grown and harvested by a special technique, free of agar, and prepared for ultramicrotomy and electron microscopy. These young chlamydospores exhibited a subcellular structure similar to that of the yeast phase, e.g., cytoplasmic membrane, ribosomes, and mitochondria. Other structural characteristics unique to chlamydospores were a very thick, layered cell wall, the outer layer of which was continuous with the outer layer of the suspensor cell wall and was covered by hair-like projections; membrane bound organelles; and large lipoid inclusions. Only young chlamydospores less than 3 to 4 days old exhibited these ultrastructural characteristics.
Electron Beam Testing of Passivated Devices via Capacitive Coupling Voltage Contrast (1987)

By fundamental experiments and theoretical treatments a detailed understanding of the capacitive coupling voltage contrast {CCVC) has been gained, demonstrating that this technique is, in principle, applicable to a non-destructive testing of passivated integrated circuits (IC) by means of electron beams. In fact, however, several problems have to be eliminated in order to introduce this testing technique into a production line procedure. In a first step, preconditions have to be met. These are a primary electron (PE) energy where the electron yield is greater than one and a sufficiently low extraction field above the IC. Secondly, as CCVC vanishes within a certain time span caused by charge compensation during electron irradiation, several precautions have to be undertaken. To obtain unfalsified CCVC-micrographs a fast image recording and processing system has to be realized; for IC-internal waveform measurements suitable sampling electronics have to be developed. Besides this, the resulting measurement errors are classified and determined. These are the error due to charge compensation on the passivation layer during electron irradiation, the error due to an incomplete coupling of the line potential to the passivation surface and the error due to capacitive coupling cross talk from neighboring lines.
Stereoselective Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Enantiopure 2-(1<i>H</i>-imidazol-yl)cycloalkanols under Continuous Flow Conditions (2012)

The development of continuous flow processes for the synthesis of chiral enantiopure 1-(2-hydroxycycloalkyl)imidazoles is reported. For the ring-opening reaction microwave batch processes and continuous flow reactions have led to similar results in terms of conversion, although the productivity is clearly improved under flow. The use of continuous flow systems for the lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution of the racemic 2-(1H-imidazol-yl)cycloalkanols with either immobilized CAL-B or PSL-C has been demonstrated to be significantly more efficient than the corresponding batch processes. The continuous flow biotransformations have allowed us to easily increase the production of these chiral imidazoles, adequate building blocks in the synthesis of chiral ionic liquids.
Effect of Suppressive Oligodeoxynucleotides on the Development of Inflammation-Induced Papillomas (2011)

Inflammation contributes to the development of papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas in the well-established 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-l3-acetate (TPA) model of skin carcinogenesis. Synthetic oligonucleotides (ODN) containing repetitive TTAGGG motifs have been shown to block deleterious inflammatory reactions in murine models of autoimmunity, pneumonitis, and shock. This article examines whether treatment with suppressive (Sup) ODN can interfere with DMBA/TPA-induced inflammation, thereby reducing papilloma formation. Results indicate that Sup ODN block TPA-dependent skin hyperplasia, edema, and leukocytic infiltration. Sup ODN also inhibit the upregulation of genes encoding pro-oncogenic chemokines and other markers of inflammation including CXCL2, CCL2, COX-2, and ODC (ornithine decarboxylase). Of greatest import, Sup ODN reduce papilloma formation in a dose- and sequence-dependent manner. These findings suggest that Sup ODN may provide a novel means of preventing inflammation and associated oncogenesis.
The Cumacean Fauna of the Southern California Continental Shelf (1964)

[Description et figuration d'une espece de Cumaces appartenant a un nouveau genre et a une nouvelle famille. Discussion taxonomique et defense de la classification de Stebbing (1913). Cette nouvelle espece a ete trouvee sur la cote de Californie du Sud; elle ressemble aux membres de la famille des Lampropidae, mais le mâle possede deux paires de pleopodes, ce qui n'a pas encore ete observe chez les Cumaces qui presentent les autres caracteres generaux des Lampropidae et des Chalarostylidae., Description et figuration d'une espece de Cumaces appartenant a un nouveau genre et a une nouvelle famille. Discussion taxonomique et defense de la classification de Stebbing (1913). Cette nouvelle espece a ete trouvee sur la cote de Californie du Sud; elle ressemble aux membres de la famille des Lampropidae, mais le mâle possede deux paires de pleopodes, ce qui n'a pas encore ete observe chez les Cumaces qui presentent les autres caracteres generaux des Lampropidae et des Chalarostylidae.]
Bayesian Estimation for Optimized Structured Illumination Microscopy (2011)

Structured illumination microscopy is a recent imaging technique that aims at going beyond the classical optical resolution by reconstructing high-resolution (HR) images from low-resolution (LR) images acquired through modulation of the transfer function of the microscope. The classical implementation has a number of drawbacks, such as requiring a large number of images to be acquired and parameters to be manually set in an ad-hoc manner that have, until now, hampered its wide dissemination. Here, we present a new framework based on a Bayesian inverse problem formulation approach that enables the computation of one HR image from a reduced number of LR images and has no specific constraints on the modulation. Moreover, it permits to automatically estimate the optimal reconstruction hyperparameters and to compute an uncertainty bound on the estimated values. We demonstrate through numerical evaluations on simulated data and examples on real microscopy data that our approach represents a decisive advance for a wider use of HR microscopy through structured illumination.
The Direct Manipulation of Pasted Surfaces (2000)

c○Marryat Ma 2000I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. I authorize the University of Waterloo to lend this thesis to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize the University of Waterloo to reproduce this thesis by photocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. iii The University of Waterloo requires the signatures of all persons using or photocopying this thesis. Please sign below, and give address and date. Surface pasting is a method for creating complex composite surfaces by adding local detail or feature surfaces to a base surface. Previous surface pasting editors enabled users to paste, translate, rotate, and resize feature surfaces, but none allowed users to directly manipulate a surface in the pasting hierarchy. In this thesis, I propose a multiresolution direct manipulation technique that allows the user to pick a point on a surface and move it to a new location and have
An Adaptive Mechanism for High Efficiency and Fairness in IEEE 802.11 Wireless Lans (2007)

Wireless local area networks own their popularity mainly to the robust characteristics of distributed medium access schemes. However, as new user applications diverge from the traditional data-centric model, the introduction of distributed medium access methods that achieve high efficiency in terms of both throughput and fairness becomes of utmost importance. IEEE 802.11 is the most widely used access scheme for wireless networks. In this paper, we address a shortcoming of IEEE 802.11 as indicated by previous studies, namely the inability of the protocol to adapt to different working conditions. We study and evaluate a low complexity mechanism that allows a network employing the IEEE 802.11 protocol to adapt its operating parameters according to the offered load. Simulation studies further document and confirm the high throughput and fairness performance of the proposed scheme.
Pulse-width modulation drive technique for high-resolution liquid-crystal gratings (1995)

We report the use of a pulse-width modulation drive technique for high-resolution liquid-crystal gratings and show how the grating diffraction efficiency depends on the duty cycle of the drive signal. We identify a regime in which the diffraction efficiency is linearly proportional to the duty cycle, thereby providing a linear drive characteristic.