gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Glial Regenerative Response to Central Nervous System Injury Is Enabled by Pros-Notch and Pros-NFκB Feedback (2011)

Organisms are structurally robust, as cells accommodate changes preserving structural integrity and function. The molecular mechanisms underlying structural robustness and plasticity are poorly understood, but can be investigated by probing how cells respond to injury. Injury to the CNS induces proliferation of enwrapping glia, leading to axonal re-enwrapment and partial functional recovery. This glial regenerative response is found across species, and may reflect a common underlying genetic mechanism. Here, we show that injury to the Drosophila larval CNS induces glial proliferation, and we uncover a gene network controlling this response. It consists of the mutual maintenance between the cell cycle inhibitor Prospero (Pros) and the cell cycle activators Notch and NFκB. Together they maintain glia in the brink of dividing, they enable glial proliferation following injury, and subsequently they exert negative feedback on cell division restoring cell cycle arrest. Pros also promotes glial differentiation, resolving vacuolization, enabling debris clearance and axonal enwrapment. Disruption of this gene network prevents repair and induces tumourigenesis. Using wound area measurements across genotypes and time-lapse recordings we show that when glial proliferation and glial differentiation are abolished, both the size of the glial wound and neuropile vacuolization increase. When glial proliferation and differentiation are enabled, glial wound size decreases and injury-induced apoptosis and vacuolization are prevented. The uncovered gene network promotes regeneration of the glial lesion and neuropile repair. In the unharmed animal, it is most likely a homeostatic mechanism for structural robustness. This gene network may be of relevance to mammalian glia to promote repair upon CNS injury or disease.
Application of Three-dimensional Haptic Interface Technology in Dentistry-Virtual Waxing Up- (2003)

Purpose : This paper proposes the application of haptic modeling to a virtual waxing-up system to be used for dental education and dental CAD systems.Materials and Methods : A mandibular right first molar model was selected from the tooth crown model data library we had previously created from the three-dimensional coordinate data of plaster models enlarged four times. After partially damaging the occlusal surface shape of the tooth model, we reconstructed its original shape using a haptic modeling system consisting of a haptic force feedback device called the PHANToM® and 3D modeling software called FreeForm®.Results : The FreeForm modeling system enables easier control of the functional shape of the occlusal surface than previous modification methods that handled the control points of various free-form surfaces with the 2D mouse. Additionally, the haptic interfaces were extremely useful for resolving visual ambiguities ; the sense of touch led to greater accuracy.Conclusion : We affirmed that the use of this haptic modeling system can provide a significant benefit to dental education and dental CAD systems.
Electrophilic Chemistry Related to Skin Sensitization. Reaction Mechanistic Applicability Domain Classification for a Published Data Set of 106 Chemicals Tested in the Mouse Local Lymph Node Assay (2006)

This article presents an overview of electrophilic reaction mechanisms relevant to skin sensitization, with reference to a published skin sensitization test data set for 106 chemicals. Where appropriate to aid the interpretation, additional data on a small number of further compounds are also discussed. It is shown that there is a close correspondence in the way differences and similarities in skin sensitization potency of chemicals relate to differences and similarities in their physical organic chemistry and electrophilic reaction mechanistic chemistry. The 106 chemicals are classified into their reaction mechanistic applicability domains, and reactivity-sensitization trends are analyzed for each domain: the Michael acceptor and pro-Michael acceptor electrophile domain; the SNAr electrophile domain; the SN2 electrophile domain; the Schiff base electrophile domain; the acyl transfer electrophile domain; and the non-electrophilic non-pro-electrophilic domain. The last of these domains should be populated mainly by non-sensitizers. Classification of 87 of the 106 compounds, using these domains, was straightforward. In most of the domains and subdomains where there are sufficient compounds, clear trends can be seen, in conformity with the Relative Alkylation Index (RAI) model, between sensitization potential and reactivity/hydrophobicity. Of the remaining 19 compounds, 7 are alpha-X-methyl-gamma-lactones that on the basis of published organic chemistry studies and guinea pig sensitization data can be classed as pro-Michael acceptors by elimination of HX but that are mostly negative in the LLNA, indicating a difference in bioactivation capabilities between mice and guinea pigs. The other 12 compounds, whose chemistry was not immediately obvious, were found after further analysis and literature research to fit into appropriate mechanistic domains that rationalize their skin sensitizing properties.
Atrocities exposure in Vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: Relationship to combat exposure, symptom severity, guilt, and interpersonal violence (1998)

Vietnam combat veterans (N = 151) with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) completed measures of atrocities exposure, combat exposure, PTSD symptom severity, guilt and interpersonal violence. PTSD symptom severity, guilt and interpersonal violence rates were similar to previously reported studies that examined treatment seeking combat veterans with PTSD. Controlling for combat exposure, endorsement of atrocities exposure was related to PTSD symptom severity, PTSD B (reexperiencing) symptoms, Global Guilt, Guilt Cognitions, and cognitive subscales of Hindsight-Bias/Responsibility and Wrongdoing. These results are discussed in the context of previous research conducted regarding atrocities exposure and PTSD.
Building a Value System of Science and Technology Based on Value Management (2009)

How to management the projects of science and technology is an outstanding problem. This article based on VM/VE, build a value system of science and technology in order to management these projects.
A Double‐blind, Randomized, Prospective Study of Epidural Steroid Injection vs. The <i>mild</i><sup>®</sup> Procedure in Patients with Symptomatic Lumbar Spinal Stenosis (2012)

This study demonstrated that in LSS patients suffering with neurogenic claudication, mild provides statistically significantly better pain reduction and improved functional mobility vs. treatment with ESI.
Cardiac imaging after myocardial infarction (2010)

After myocardial infarction, optimal clinical management depends critically on cardiac imaging. Remodelling and heart failure, presence of inducible ischaemia, presence of dysfunctional viable myocardium, future risk of adverse events including risk of ventricular arrhythmias, need for anticoagulation, and other questions should be addressed by cardiac imaging. Strengths and weaknesses, recent developments, choice, and timing of the different non-invasive techniques are reviewed for this frequent clinical scenario.
Nurturing interpersonal trust in knowledge-sharing networks (2003)

Executive Overview In many organizations, informal networks are the primary means by which employees find information, solve complex problems, and learn how to do their work. Two forms of interpersonal trust—trust in a person's competence and in a person's benevolence—enable effective knowledge creation and sharing in these networks. Yet, though conceptually appealing, trust is an elusive concept that is often difficult for managers to influence. We conducted interviews in 20 organizations to identify ways in which interpersonal trust in a knowledge-sharing context develops. Based on this work, we summarize behaviors (e.g., discretion, consistency, collaboration) and practices (e.g., building shared vision, ensuring transparency in decision-making, holding people accountable for trust) for managers interested in promoting trust (and thereby knowledge creation and sharing) within their own organizations.
A review of laminar flame speeds of hydrogen and syngas measured from propagating spherical flames (2020)

As promising alternatives to fossil fuels, hydrogen (H2) and syngas are playing important roles in the development and control of high-efficiency, low-emission engines. Achieving accurate prediction of H2-fueled combustion requires a reliable chemical mechanism which, however, still exists considerable uncertainty. The laminar flame speed (LFS) has been widely employed to validate and optimize chemical mechanisms and to model turbulent premixed combustion. While in the literature there are extensive LFS data measured using the outwardly propagating spherical flame (OPF) method for hydrogen/air and syngas/air mixtures at normal temperature and pressure (NTP), the accuracy of the LFS data is not fully explored. This work aims to (i) review the uncertainty in the LFSs measured by different groups for hydrogen/air and syngas/air mixtures at NTP using the OPF method, and (ii) identify underlying sources of the uncertainty. It is found that there are considerable discrepancies in the LFS measurements, leading to these experimental data being unreliable for restraining the uncertainty of chemical models. The underlying sources of uncertainty are discussed in different flame propagation regimes and their contributions to the discrepancies are assessed individually using 1-D simulations. The results show that the contribution of ignition effects to the uncertainty depends strongly on the equivalence ratio and that the ignition effects could be one of the main sources of uncertainty for the LFSs of fuel-rich mixtures. Furthermore, it is found that the accuracy of measured LFSs is strongly affected by the choice of extrapolation model and flame radius range for extrapolation. The nonlinear extrapolation is less sensitive to the flame radius range than linear extrapolation, implying that using nonlinear extrapolation models can reduce the impact of the flame radius range selected on the uncertainty, especially for fuel-rich and/or fuel-lean mixtures. Nevertheless, strong nonlinear behavior between stretched flame speed and stretch rate still makes a major contribution to the very large discrepancies even when the nonlinear extrapolation models are used. To address the nonlinear stretch behavior, a new nonlinear extrapolation model NQH is proposed and it is shown to be more accurate than other models as pressure increases. Moreover, the recommendations on H2and syngas LFS measurements using the OPF method are provided.
A New Antitumoral Agent: 9-Hydroxyellipticine. Possibility of a Rational Design of Anticancerous Drugs in the Series of DNA Intercalating Drugs (1974)

The designing of DNA intercalating drugs with high DNA affinity in the series of ellipticine has led to a new antitumoral agent, 9-hydroxyellipticine, which has a high DNA affinity, a high activity on L 1210 mice leukemia, and a lack of toxicity at therapeutic dose. The possible correlations among chemical structure, DNA reactivity, and pharmacological activity of DNA intercalating drugs are discussed.
A new general approach to optical waveguide path design (1995)

This paper introduces a new general approach to waveguide path design. We propose an alternative approach to the usual concatenation of offset line segments and arc of circles that is geometrically less constrictive and more versatile. We also propose an adapted pure bend loss reduction mechanism that relies on a continuous widening of the waveguide together with the reduction of transition loss through curvature adaptation. The numerical results presented here show that this method can improve the loss figures and ease the burden of waveguide path design. Moreover, because of its continuous nature, the proposed approach is intrinsically less dependent on wavelength than the usual concatenation technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Update on Natural Occurrence and Biological Activity of Chromones (2011)

The chemistry of chromones is very well known. This system is widely used in organic chemistry as an intermediate compound for the synthesis of numerous hetrocycles. On the other hand, chromones were extensively studied as bioactive compounds. They possess remarkable biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, etc. This comprehensive review describes the current status and knowledge of natural occurrence, and biological activities of chromones. Recent advances made over the last decade i.e. January 1999 to December 2009 are critically discussed and we have covered about 176 references and more than 350 compounds reported during this period.
Physical Modeling of a Bag Knot in a Robot Learning System (2009)

This paper presents a physical model developed to find the directions of forces and moments required to open a plastic bag - which forces will contribute toward opening the knot and which forces will lock it further. The analysis is part of the implementation of a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> (¿)-learning algorithm on a robot system. The learning task is to let a fixed-arm robot observe the position of a plastic bag located on a platform, grasp it, and learn how to shake out its contents in minimum time. The physical model proves that the learned optimal bag shaking policy is consistent with the physical model and shows that there were no subjective influences. Experimental results show that the learned policy actually converged to the best policy.
Cross-Modal Scene Networks (2016)

People can recognize scenes across many different modalities beyond natural images. In this paper, we investigate how to learn cross-modal scene representations that transfer across modalities. To study this problem, we introduce a new cross-modal scene dataset. While convolutional neural networks can categorize scenes well, they also learn an intermediate representation not aligned across modalities, which is undesirable for cross-modal transfer applications. We present methods to regularize cross-modal convolutional neural networks so that they have a shared representation that is agnostic of the modality. Our experiments suggest that our scene representation can help transfer representations across modalities for retrieval. Moreover, our visualizations suggest that units emerge in the shared representation that tend to activate on consistent concepts independently of the modality.
Microstructure of isotactic polypropylene prepared with homogeneous catalysis: stereoregularity, regioregularity, and 1,3 insertion (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicrostructure of isotactic polypropylene prepared with homogeneous catalysis: stereoregularity, regioregularity, and 1,3 insertionAlfonso Grassi, Adolfo Zambelli, Luigi Resconi, Enrico Albizzati, and Romano MazzocchiCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 3, 617–622Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00181a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00181a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views710Altmetric-Citations214LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fabrication of resonant tunneling structures for selective energy contact of hot carrier solar cell based on III&#x2013;V semiconductors (2010)

In this study, double barrier (DB) resonant tunneling structures based on III-V semiconductors were fabricated and its potential for selective energy contacts (SEC) of hot carrier solar cells was evaluated. An AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well (QW) based DB structure was fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on GaAs (001) substrate, which acts as SEC for electrons. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics under light excitation shows a voltage shift of tunneling current tail to a lower bias and this result demonstrates an extraction of high energy photoelectrons through the DB structure. Furthermore, properties of quantum dot (QD) resonant tunneling structures were investigated as an ideal SEC. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements showed that controllable PL peak energy range of InAs QDs/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> As structures well corresponds to the required carrier extraction energy, which is the difference between electron and hole extraction energies of SECs, for high conversion efficiency. In addition, resonant tunneling current peaks originate from the InAs QDs embedded in an Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.6</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.4</sub> As barrier are clearly observed for both forward and reverse bias by conductive atomic force microscope (C-AFM). These results indicate that InAs QD/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> As resonant tunneling structures are suitable for designing the optimum SEC structure.
A retrodirective array using direct down-conversion and fixed point DSP for duplex digital communications (2006)

Adaptive and multi-antenna systems will be an integrated part of the future wireless world. In this paper, a novel low cost implementation of a self phased retrodirective array using direct RF conversion and coherent digital modulation in the uplink and downlink is presented. The transceiver is designed to receive and demodulate digital signals of arbitrary modulation type up to 100 ksymbols/s while at the same time directs its main beam back in the direction of the source using any vector digital modulation scheme at speeds up to 20 ksymbols/s. A direct conversion receiver is employed here in combination with a low-power fixed point digital signal processor, eliminating the need for an IF modulator and carrier recovery unit, this makes the design particularly attractive for a commercial application. Measured results of the uplink antenna pattern are presented and show the system has good retro directivity with beam pointing error less than three degrees in the angular range of -45 degrees to +45 degrees.
Caries progression in primary molars: 24‐month results from a minimal treatment programme (1981)

A 2-stage topical treatment regimen (AgF followed by SnF2) was used in an attempt to limit caries progression in the primary molars of children participating in a minimal treatment programme. The children lived in an isolated community in western New South Wales (fluoride in water less than 0.2 parts/10(6)) and were from a low socioeconomic background. The progression, over a 24-month period, of 281 established lesions in the approximal and occlusal surfaces of primary molars in 54 subjects (mean age 7.0 years) was determined from bitewing radiographs. Of the lesions studied, the majority (69%) were in dentine at baseline. At 24 months, 74% of the approximal surface lesions and 90% of the occlusal surface lesions that were in enamel at baseline remained unchanged. The greatest change occurred in the approximal surface lesions that were within 1 mm of the pulp at baseline. Only 35% of the lesions required any treatment other than topical metal fluoride therapy during the 24-month period.
Ask, but don't interrupt (2015)

The mobile phone-based Experience Sampling Method (ESM) enables in situ recording of human behaviour and experience by querying users, via their smartphones, anywhere and anytime. Sampling can happen on a previously unimaginable scale, and across a diverse pool of participants. Therefore, mobile ESM is not limited to capturing users' manual responses, as the surrounding context can be automatically captured by mobile sensors. However, obtaining high quality data with ESM is challenging, as users may fail to respond honestly, or may even ignore the questionnaire prompts if they perceive the study as too burdensome. In this paper, we discuss the potential of using interruptibility prediction models to deliver mobile ESM questionnaires at opportune moments, and thus improve the effectiveness of a study. We examine context prediction and interruptibility inference, which are fundamental challenges that need we need to overcome in order to make mobile ESMs better aligned with a user's lifestyle, and consequently paint a truthful picture of a user's behaviour.
Carbon Materials as Catalysts for Decomposition and CO_2 Reforming of Methane：A Review (2011)

分别地，甲烷改过的分解和 CO2 正在答应选择到工业蒸气甲烷改过。在最近的年里，，研究特别地集中于没有变得被碳免职撤销了，能操作的催化剂的发展，碳催化剂显示出积极结果。在这个工作，在异构的催化作用的碳材料的角色被估计，甲烷分解并且 CO2 在碳材料上改过甲烷上的出版物被考察。影响组织上性质(赌注表面区域和 micropore 体积，等等) 并且在碳材料的催化活动的氧表面组被讨论。另外，这评论检验怎么激活碳和碳黑人催化剂，它是最通常使用的碳催化剂，被撤销。从甲烷的碳存款的特征被讨论，到为高、稳定的变换的新鲜的碳和碳的存款的 CO2 的反应的影响也在 CH4 改过的 CO2 期间被考虑。
Proptest (1999)

We describe a property based test generation procedure that uses static compaction to generate test sequences that achieve high fault coverages at a low computational complexity. A class of test compaction procedures are proposed and used in the property based test generator. Experimental results indicate that these compaction procedures can be used to implement the proposed test generator to achieve high fault coverage with relatively smaller run times.
DUV attenuating structures in fused silica induced by ultrafsat laser radiation (2007)

In this paper we present the method for high-speed 3D structures patterning inside the volume of photomask substrate without affecting front mask surface and absorber layer using ultrafast laser and the results of investigation of DUV radiation attenuation by created structures.
Reasoning from uncertain data: a bit enhancement (2003)

It is proposed that artificial intelligence (AI) principles, coupled with powerful Bayesian statistical inference techniques, can be successfully applied to built-in-test (BIT) technology and can significantly contribute to the improvement of avionics BIT diagnostic capabilities. The goal is to extract more information from available data provided by the BIT, rather than to expand its testing capabilities. The proposed approach is illustrated by a TACAN (tactical air navigation) example.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>