gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Resolution Graphics Using a HeCd Laser to Write on Kalvar Film (1974)

A machine is described which was developed at Bell Laboratories at Holmdel, N.J., in connection with the PICTUREPHONE® program to provide high resolution graphics transmission capability. This particular machine was designed using commercially available components. A low-power, 10-mW, continuous-wave helium cadmium laser is used to scan simultaneously an 8½- by 11-in (21½- by 28-cm) page original and a 24 × reduced image on vesicular diazo heat developable film. A 1400-picture element by 2000–line image, with full gray scale, is transmitted over a 0.5-MHz line in 4 seconds, and developed in less than one second. Each machine is a transmitter-receiver capable of local copy. Applications, operating modes and results are presented.
Zirconium‐Mediated Coupling Reactions of Amines and Enol or Allyl Ethers: Synthesis of Allyl‐ and Homoallylamines (2003)

An easy and efficient zirconium-mediated synthesis of allylamines from simple amines and enol ethers is described. This strategy also allows the synthesis of amino alcohol derivatives containing a Z double bond in their structure when 2,3-dihydrofuran is used. Simple conventional modification of these amino alcohols leads to 2-substituted piperidine derivatives. By applying this approach, a formal total synthesis of the alkaloid coniine is easily achieved from a protected butylamine. Finally, the zirconium-mediated reaction of amines and allyl phenyl ether furnishes homoallylamines or amino ethers depending on the structure of the starting amine.
A Review of Rock Bolt Monitoring Using Smart Sensors (2017)

Rock bolts have been widely used as rock reinforcing members in underground coal mine roadways and tunnels. Failures of rock bolts occur as a result of overloading, corrosion, seismic burst and bad grouting, leading to catastrophic economic and personnel losses. Monitoring the health condition of the rock bolts plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation of underground mines. This work presents a brief introduction on the types of rock bolts followed by a comprehensive review of rock bolt monitoring using smart sensors. Smart sensors that are used to assess rock bolt integrity are reviewed to provide a firm perception of the application of smart sensors for enhanced performance and reliability of rock bolts. The most widely used smart sensors for rock bolt monitoring are the piezoelectric sensors and the fiber optic sensors. The methodologies and principles of these smart sensors are reviewed from the point of view of rock bolt integrity monitoring. The applications of smart sensors in monitoring the critical status of rock bolts, such as the axial force, corrosion occurrence, grout quality and resin delamination, are highlighted. In addition, several prototypes or commercially available smart rock bolt devices are also introduced.
A Single-Pass Tunneling Technique for CSF Shunting Procedures (2003)

Implantation of ventriculoperitoneal shunts in the precoronal position is generally accomplished using a retroauricular incision for subcutaneous tunneling. Retroauricular incisions can be associated with complications, including cerebrospinal fluid leak and shunt infection. We describe a technique for 'single-pass' shunt tunneling from frontal to abdominal incisions and our initial results in a consecutive, prospective series of 15 children (age 2 days to 5 years). Eleven patients presented with congenital hydrocephalus (including 5 with myelomeningocele and 3 with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus) and 4 with hydrocephalus secondary to central nervous system (CNS) tumors. The average length of clinical follow-up was 6 months (range 1-13 months). There were no perioperative or long-term complications of the single-pass technique. Nine of the 11 patients with congenital hydrocephalus are currently well without any further medical or surgical intervention. Two underwent shunt revision for proximal obstruction, with an intact distal system. Three of the 4 patients with hydrocephalus secondary to CNS tumor suffered secondary shunt complications during periods of severe neutropenia resulting from chemotherapy (6 weeks to 6 months after shunt insertion). For primary ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion in infants and young children, the single-pass tunneling technique is safe and avoids one source of complications.
An Integrated Approach to New Food Product Development (2009)

New products often fail not because they are bad products, but because they don't meet consumer expectations or are poorly marketed. In other cases, the marketing is spot on, but the product itself does not perform. These failures drive home the need to understand the market and the consumer in order to deliver a product which fulfills the two equa
Multi-task Recurrent Model for Speech and Speaker Recognition (2016)

Although highly correlated, speech and speaker recognition have been regarded as two independent tasks and studied by two communities. This is certainly not the way that people behave: we decipher both speech content and speaker traits at the same time. This paper presents a unified model to perform speech and speaker recognition simultaneously and altogether. The model is based on a unified neural network where the output of one task is fed to the input of the other, leading to a multi-task recurrent network. Experiments show that the joint model outperforms the task-specific models on both the two tasks.
Optical analysis of multiple-quantum-well lasers (1979)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text W. Streifer, D. R. Scifres, and R. D. Burnham, "Optical analysis of multiple-quantum-well lasers," Appl. Opt. 18, 3547-3548 (1979) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Passengers queue length measurement (2003)

The European CROMATICA (CROwd MAnagement with Telematic Imaging and Communication Assistance) project investigated methods to improve public transport quality of service. Among the developed systems, automatic measurement of passenger queue length was required. This article presents an automatic measurement of passenger queue length based on image analysis. The algorithm developed is robust to contrast changes and is able to work even under low contrast. It is based on a level lines image representation, and on a study of the effects of contrast changes on them. This algorithm has been tested on real airport situations.
Microsyringe For Small Liquid Volumes (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicrosyringe For Small Liquid VolumesStanley H. Langer and Peter. PantagesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1958, 30, 11, 1889–1890Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1958Publication History Published online14 June 2002Published inissue 1 November 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60143a638https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60143a638research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Microbial Strategies for the Depolymerization of Glucuronoxylan: Leads to Biotechnological Applications of Endoxylanases (2003)

The hemicellulose fractions of crop residues and hardwoods are underutilized resources for conversion to alternative fuels and bio-based products. The predominant hemicellulosic polymer in these resources is 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan in which 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronopyranosyl (MeGA) residues are linked α -1,2- to 5 to 15% of the xylose residues comprising a nearly linear β -1,4-xylan backbone. Enzymatic processing of methylglucuronoxylan to fermentable xylose utilizes microbial endoxylanases, β -xylosidases and α -glucuronidases. Endoxylanases have been assigned to glycohydrolase families, GH5, GH10 and GH11, each with unique sequences and structural motifs. Based upon the detailed characterization of selected members, the GH10 and GH11 xylanases respectively generate aldotetrauronic (MeGAXXX) and aldopentauronic (XMeGAXXX) acids, along with xylooligosaccharides, as predominant limit products (Biely, P.; Vrsanka, M; Tenkanen, M; Klupful, D.; J. Biotechnol. 1997, 57, 151-166). The GH5 xylanase from Erwinia chrysanthemi cleaves β -1,4-xylosidic linkages at a residue adjacent to a xylose residue that is substituted with
A similarity measure between unordered vector sets with application to image categorization (2008)

We present a novel approach to compute the similarity between two unordered variable-sized vector sets. To solve this problem, several authors have proposed to model each vector set with a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and to compute a probabilistic measure of similarity between the GMMs. The main contribution of this paper is to model each vector set with a GMM adapted from a common ldquouniversalrdquo GMM using the maximum a posteriori (MAP) criterion. The advantages of this approach are twofold. MAP provides a more accurate estimate of the GMM parameters compared to standard maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) in the challenging case where the cardinality of the vector set is small. Moreover, there is a correspondence between the Gaussians of two GMMs adapted from a common distribution and one can take advantage of this fact to compute efficiently the probabilistic similarity. This work is applied to the image categorization problem: images are modeled as bags of low-level features and classification is performed using a kernel classifier based on the proposed similarity measure. Experimental results on the PASCAL VOC 2006 and VOC 2007 databases show the excellent performance of our approach.
Fatty acids and sterols of the tunicate, Salpa thompsoni, from the antarctic ocean : Chemical composition and hemolytic activity. (1986)

The fatty acid and sterol compositions of the marine tunicate Salpa thompsoni from the Antarctic Ocean are reported. Of the 21 fatty acids identified, the acids 16 : 0, 20 : 5ω3, and 22 : 6ω3 were present at high concentrations. The salpa also contained various C26, C27, C28, and C29 sterols with three Δ5-sterols, i.e., cholesterol (6), (22E)-(24ξ)-24-methylcholesta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol (9), and 24-methylene-cholest-5-en-3β-ol (11) as the main constituents. The presence of eight related pairs of Δ5-sterols and 5α-stanols with identical side chains was characteristic. Desmosterol (8) and sitostanol (or C-24 epimer) (17) were found for the first time in salpas. Furthermore, the hemolytic active components of methanol extract of the salpa were examined. The total fatty acids fraction was strongly hemolytic, and detailed examination of each component acid showed the polyunsaturated acids 22 : 6ω3 and 20 : 5ω3 to be most potent.
Epidermal Growth Factor: Uptake and Fate (1982)

Lateral diffusion of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors along the plane of the cell membrane can be measured using fluorescently labelled analogues of EGF and the fluorescence photobleaching recovery method in cultured cells. With the aid of high image-intensified fluorescent microscopy, the receptors, which are initially distributed diffusely, form patches and undergo endocytosis at 37 degrees C. These gross processes may not be critical in mediating the initial, rapid actions of the hormone. The processes of uptake and endocytosis correspond biochemically to the loss of surface receptors ('down-regulation') and degradation of the receptor and hormone via lysosomes. The EGF receptors are not apparently recycled or re-utilized, and they are continuously internalized, even in the absence of ligand. Since all manoeuvres that interfere with intracellular degradation or processing block mitogenesis, it is proposed that one or both of these may be essential processes, although in such a case they must be continuous and protracted functions. Slow nuclear accumulation of the complex of hormone and receptor may be an important process. In addition, evidence suggests that limited (submicroscopic) receptor aggregation (dimerization) at the cell surface may be necessary and sufficient to trigger the long-term effects (but not the immediate effects), and thus this aggregation may be required for endocytosis. The ligand itself may not be an essential structural component of the action of the receptor since anti-receptor antibodies can elicit mitogenic responses. Recent results suggest that EGF receptors normally exist in a low affinity state which is rapidly converted by EGF (at 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C) to a high affinity state by a process that requires prior intact protein synthesis. Furthermore, the accumulation of a special, stable intracellular pool of the complex may be related to the control of cellular growth (and tumour promotion).
Networking and Multiplayer Computer Games – The Story So Far (2003)

Multiplayer computer games rely on the practicability of the underlying network infrastructure. In this paper, we describe essential networking concepts and review techniques developed for reducing networking resource requirements in distributed interactive real-time applications. Also, we present a survey of the relevant literature concentrating on the scientific research done on military simulations, networked virtual environments, and multiplayer computer games.
Perfect pies and tars (1994)

This cookbook follows a structured format, with step-by-step photographs of each recipe stage. Each culinary technique is shown live, with advice on each stage of cooking as well as ingredients and equipment needed for each recipe. This book on pies and tarts includes recipes for blackberry and apple pie, rhubarb and strawberry pie, chocolate mint pie with a crunchy crust, festive mincemeat tart, fig and mulled wine tart and pear pie with walnut pastry. Anne Willan is the founder of Ecole de Cuisine la Varenne.
Resource Management in the Mungi Single-Address-Space Operating System (1998)

We present the accounting system used for backing store management in the Mungi single-address-space operating system. The model is designed such that all accounting can be done asynchronously to operations on storage objects, and hence without slowing down such operations. It is based on bank accounts from which rent is collected for the storage occupied by objects. Rent automatically increases as available storage runs low, forcing users to release unneeded storage. Bank accounts receive regular income. A taxation system is used to prevent excessive buildup of funds on underutilised accounts. The accounting system is mostly implemented at user level, with minimal support from the kernel. As a consequence, the accounting model can be changed without modifying the Mungi kernel.
SafeQ: Secure and Efficient Query Processing in Sensor Networks (2010)

The architecture of two-tiered sensor networks, where storage nodes serve as an intermediate tier between sensors and a sink for storing data and processing queries, has been widely adopted because of the benefits of power and storage saving for sensors as well as the efficiency of query processing. However, the importance of storage nodes also makes them attractive to attackers. In this paper, we propose SafeQ, a protocol that prevents attackers from gaining information from both sensor collected data and sink issued queries. SafeQ also allows a sink to detect compromised storage nodes when they misbehave. To preserve privacy, SafeQ uses a novel technique to encode both data and queries such that a storage node can correctly process encoded queries over encoded data without knowing their values. To preserve integrity, we propose a new data structure called neighborhood chains that allows a sink to verify whether the result of a query contains exactly the data items that satisfy the query. In addition, we propose a solution to adapt SafeQ for event-driven sensor networks.
Molten Salts: Vol. 5, Part 1, Additional Single and Multi-Component Salt Systems. Electrical Conductance, Density, Viscosity, and Surface Tension Data (1980)

Data on the electrical conductance, density, and surface tension of more than ninety additional multi-component salt systems have been systematically collected and evaluated. Results are given for mixtures over a range of compositions and temperatures. Values of the above properties for some sixty single salt systems are also reported.
Meta‐Analysis of Potassium Intake and the Risk of Stroke (2016)

Overall, this dose-response meta-analysis confirms the inverse association between potassium intake and stroke risk, with potassium intake of 90 mmol (≈3500 mg)/day associated with the lowest risk of stroke.
Influence of excess WO<sub>3</sub>on the microstructure and dielectric properties of PZN-PFN-PFW ceramics (1992)

Abstract Microstructure, phase formation and dielectric properties were investigated in the solid solution system of 0.16PZN-0.48PFN-0.36PFW (PZNFW) as a function of excess WO3 content at the level of 0, 2, 5 and 10 mol%. Excess WO3 did not enhance the formation of pervoskite phase. For the 750°C calcined powders, the amount of pervoskite phase decreased with the increase of excess WO3 content. The grain size of PZNFW ceramics was also decreased with increasing excess WO3. The morphology was changed from polyhedral angular shape to spherical, round shape. The inhibition of grain growth and morphology change with increasing WO3 content were ascribed to the second phase, Pb2WO5, formed on cooling after sintering. The lowering of dielectric constant with the increase of excess WO3 is speculated to be the grain boundary layer effect.
Magnetic liquid metal marble: Wireless manipulation of liquid metal droplet for electrical switching applications (2015)

We report a magnetic liquid metal marble which enables the wireless on-demand manipulation of a liquid metal droplet for electrical switching applications with an applied magnetic field. Gallium-based liquid metal alloy has been applied to various applications but most applications are based on deformability due to its surface wettability originating from the natural oxide layer. We suggested and demonstrated a ‘magnetic liquid metal marble’ by coating the oxidized surface of the liquid metal with ferromagnetic iron (Fe) particles. It shows non-wetting characteristics by measuring static and sliding contact angles against different surfaces such as a glass slide, a Teflon-coated glass, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). On the Teflon-coated glass, the largest contact angle of 169.0 ± 1.3° was achieved for 45 nm diameter Fe particles-coated magnetic liquid metal marble, and the lowest sliding angle of 17.2° was achieved for 45 µm diameter Fe particles coated-magnetic liquid metal marble, respectively. We also studied the minimum required magnetic field of 150 gauss to mobilize the 45 µm diameter Fe particles coated-magnetic liquid metal marble and demonstrated the on-demand wireless magnetic manipulation of the liquid metal marble to power light emitting diodes (LEDs).
Antigen-Secreting Cells: Enumeration of Immunoglobulin-Allotype-Secreting Cells in Nonimmunized Rabbits by Means of Hybrid-Antibody-Coated Erythrocytes in a Reverse Hemolytic Plaque Assay (1974)

A reverse hemolytic plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay for the enumeration of immunoglobulin-(Ig)secreting cells in nonimmunized rabbits was developed by using erythrocytes coated with anti-Ig antibody. These indicator cells lysed after reacting with the secreted Ig antigen and complement. The anti-Ig antibodies used were specific for the b4 or b5 allotypic specificities, which are antigenic determinants on the kappa chain of rabbit Ig and controlled by alleles at the b locus. We coated erythrocytes with anti-b4 or anti-b5 antibody, using hybrid antibody with dual specificity to sheep red blood cells and to the b4 or b5 kappa chain. The coated erythrocytes were plated with cells from various lymphoid organs of nonimmunized rabbits. These lymphoid cells formed allotype-specific plaques, i.e., the cells of b4 homozygous rabbits formed hemolytic plaques with anti-b4 but not with anti-b5-coated erythrocytes and vice versa. In eight nonimmunized rabbits, 0.06-0.3% of the spleen cells (590-2900 PFC per 10(6) cells) secreted the b locus Ig allotypes. In three nonimmunized rabbits, 320-590 PFC per 10(6) cells were counted in the lymph node or bone marrow; 26-40 PFC per 10(6) cells were detected in the thymus. Since the b4 and b5 specificities are present on approximately 90% of the serum Ig, our results indicate that less than 1% of the lymphoid cells in nonimmunized rabbits secrete Ig at any one time. By this reverse PFC assay, Ig-secreting cells were for the first time detected as antigen-secreting cells. This assay can be applied to the detection of cells secreting other antigens.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 6/2008 (2008)

Cover: The cover shows an SEM image of the honeycomb pattern obtained with evaporated polystyrene solution (upper right corner) along with 3D SEM picture of the same sample. Poly(ethylene glycol) and polyorganosilanes/‐siloxanes promote the formation of ordered structures. Further details can be found in the article by E. Bormashenko, * A. Malkin, A. Musin, Y. Bormashenko, G. Whyman, N. Litvak, Z. Barkay, and V. Machavariani on page 567.
LU Factorization with Panel Rank Revealing Pivoting and Its Communication Avoiding Version (2013)

We present block LU factorization with panel rank revealing pivoting (block LU_PRRP), a decomposition algorithm based on strong rank revealing QR panel factorization. Block LU_PRRP is more stable than Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting (GEPP), with a theoretical upper bound of the growth factor of $(1+ \tau b)^{(n/ b)-1}$, where $b$ is the size of the panel used during the block factorization, $\tau$ is a parameter of the strong rank revealing QR factorization, $n$ is the number of columns of the matrix, and for simplicity we assume that n is a multiple of b. We also assume throughout the paper that $2\leq b \ll n$. For example, if the size of the panel is $b = 64$, and $\tau = 2$, then $(1+2b)^{(n/b)-1} = (1.079)^{n-64} \ll 2^{n-1}$, where $2^{n-1}$ is the upper bound of the growth factor of GEPP. Our extensive numerical experiments show that the new factorization scheme is as numerically stable as GEPP in practice, but it is more resistant to pathological cases. The block LU_PRRP factorization does only $O(n^2 b)$ additional floating point operations compared to GEPP. We also present block CALU_PRRP, a version of block LU_PRRP that minimizes communication and is based on tournament pivoting, with the selection of the pivots at each step of the tournament being performed via strong rank revealing QR factorization. Block CALU_PRRP is more stable than CALU, the communication avoiding version of GEPP, with a theoretical upper bound of the growth factor of $(1+ \tau b)^{{n\over b}(H+1)-1}$, where $H$ is the height of the reduction tree used during tournament pivoting. The upper bound of the growth factor of CALU is $2^{n(H+1)-1}$. Block CALU_PRRP is also more stable in practice and is resistant to pathological cases on which GEPP and CALU fail.