gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
False-Positive Troponin I in the MEIA Due to the Presence of Rheumatoid Factors in Serum: Elimination of This Interference by Using a Polyclonal Antisera Against Rheumatoid Factors (1999)

We report false-positive cardiac troponin (cTn) I results in the microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) using the AxSYM analyzer. We studied serum samples from 12 patients with positive rheumatoid factor but with no indication of myocardial infarction (MI); 2 also had positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) titers. Serum samples from 7 patients with positive ANA titers and negative rheumatoid factors also were studied. Total creatine kinase (CK) was run using a Hitachi 747 analyzer, cTnT using an Elecsys 2010 analyzer, and cTnI and CK-MB using an AxSYM analyzer. We observed no measurable cTnI and cTnT concentrations in 12 control samples or in specimens with positive ANA titers and negative rheumatoid factors. In contrast, samples from 7 of 12 patients containing rheumatoid factors had measurable cTnI concentrations. Four specimens showed cTnI concentrations more than 2.0 micrograms/L, the suggested diagnostic cutoff for MI. None of the specimens showed detectable cTnT. The concentrations of total CK and CK-MB were within normal ranges in all specimens. False-positive results were observed only with the MEIA for cTnI. This interference can be eliminated by using a polyclonal antisera against rheumatoid factor. The chemiluminescent assay for cTnI showed no detectable cTnI concentration in any specimen.
DNA affinity column chromatography: application in the isolation of distinct antibody populations from SLE sera. (1985)

An improved method was developed for purification of anti-DNA antibodies by single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) affinity column chromatography. The effectiveness of this method was examined by measuring the recoveries and purifications of various monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Results showed that this method gave good recoveries and purifications of anti-DNA antibodies. Furthermore, by this method, it was possible to isolate antibody populations with distinct specificities from polyclonal antibodies, as shown by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Therefore, this method should be useful for characterization of polyclonal antibodies in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as well as of autoimmune lupus mice.
Dynamically Vulcanized Thermoplastic Elastomers (1996)

Abstract Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) exhibit the functional properties of conventional thermoset rubber, yet can be processed on thermoplastic fabrication equipment. The great majority of TPEs have hetero-phase morphology, whether the TPE is derived from block copolymers, rubber-plastic compositions or ionomers. Generally speaking, the hard domains (or the ionic clusters) undergo dissociation at elevated temperatures, thus allowing the material to flow. When cooled, the hard domains again solidify and provide tensile strength at normal use temperatures. The soft domains give the material its elastomeric characteristics. In this review article, the focus is on rubber-plastic polymer compositions as a group of TPEs which have achieved significant growth in the marketplace in the last two decades. The growth has been primarily in the nonpolar (olefinic) elastomer/polyolefin thermoplastic materials because of the wide range of products generated, their performance and their significant acceptance by the automotive sector in applications requiring elastic recovery. The field of TPEs based on polyolefin rubber-plastic compositions has grown along two distinctly different product lines or classes: one class consists of a simple blend and classically meets the definition of a thermoplastic elastomeric olefin (TEO), commonly called a thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) in earlier literature. In the other class, the rubber phase is dynamically vulcanized, giving rise to thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs), named elastomeric alloys (EAs) in some previous literature. Both the simple blends and the dynamically vulcanized TPEs have found wide industrial application. It is the dynamically vulcanized TPE that has the performance characteristics required for true thermoset rubber replacement applications. The first TPE introduced to the market based on a crosslinked rubber-plastic composition (1972) was derived from W. K. Fisher's discovery of partially crosslinking the EPDM phase of EPDM/polypropylene (PP). Fisher controlled the degree of vulcanization by limiting the amount of peroxide, to maintain the thermoplastic processability of the blend. Crosslinking was performed while mixing, a process known as dynamic vulcanization. It is worth noting, however, that the dynamic vulcanization process and the first crosslinked EPDM/PP composition were discovered independently by Gessler and Haslett and by Holzer, Taurus and Mehnert in 1958 and 1961, respectively. Significant improvement in the properties of these blends was achieved in 1975 by Coran, Das and Patel by fully vulcanizing the rubber phase under dynamic shear while maintaining the thermoplasticity of the blend. These blends were further improved by Abdou-Sabet and Fath in 1977 by the use of phenolic curatives to improve the rubber-like properties and the flow (processing) characteristics.
Serotonin-Induced Smooth Muscle Hyperplasia in Various Forms of Human Pulmonary Hypertension (2004)

Hyperplasia of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs) is a hallmark pathological feature of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Serotonin (5-HT) is involved in the hyperplasia through its interactions with specific receptors and internalization by a specific plasma membrane transporter. We investigated the expression and role of the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) and 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2B receptors in lungs and isolated PA-SMCs from patients with primary PH (n=14), pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (n=4), or secondary PH (SPH, n=8) and nonpulmonary hypertensive control subjects. Whereas strong immunostaining for the three receptor types and 5-HTT was seen in remodeled pulmonary vessels from patients in all PH categories, only 5-HTT expression was increased in lungs and cultured PA-SMCs from patients versus controls. The increased growth response of PA-SMCs from patients with primary PH, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, or SPH to 5-HT or serum was entirely attributable to 5-HTT overexpression, because 5-HTT inhibitors but not 5-HT receptor antagonists abolished 5-HT mitogenic activity and reduced the serum-induced growth response to similar levels in patients as in controls. The L-allelic variant of the 5-HTT gene promoter, which is associated with 5-HTT overexpression, was present homozygously in 14 of 25 (56%) lung transplantation patients with SPH but in only 27% of controls. Polymorphism of the 5-HTT gene promoter was only partly responsible for the increased 5-HTT expression in PH, because PA-SMCs from patients exhibited higher 5-HTT levels than same-genotype cells from controls and no additional promoter sequence alterations were found. We conclude that 5-HTT overexpression is a common pathogenic mechanism in various forms of PH.
Heterocycles (2007)

The sections in this article are 1 Introduction 2 Three- and Four-Membered Rings 3 Heteroaromatic Five-Membered Rings 4 Saturated and Partially Unsaturated Five-Membered Rings 5 Heteroaromatic Six-Membered Rings 6 Saturated and Partially Unsaturated Six-Membered Rings 7 Seven-Membered and Larger Rings 8 Bibliography 9 Biographical Sketches Related Articles
A review of processable high temperature resistant addition-type laminating resins (1973)

An important finding that resulted from research that was conducted to develop improved ablative resins was the discovery of a novel approach to synthesize processable high temperature resistant polymers. Low molecular weight polyimide prepolymers end-capped with norbornene groups were polymerized into thermo-oxidatively stable modified polyimides without the evolution of void producing volatile materials. This paper reviews basic studies that were performed using model compounds to elucidate the polymerization mechanism of the so-called addition-type polyimides. The fabrication and properties of polyimide/graphite fiber composites using A-type polyimide prepolymer as the matrix are described. An alternate method for preparing processable A-type polyimides by means of in situ polymerization of monomeric reactants on the fiber reinforcement is also described. Polyimide/graphite fiber composite performance at elevated temperatures is presented for A-type polyimides.
Secure Cloud Data Deduplication with Efficient Re-Encryption (2019)

Data deduplication technique has been widely adopted by commercial cloud storage providers, which is both important and necessary in coping with the explosive growth of data. To further protect the security of users’ sensitive data in the outsourced storage mode, many secure data deduplication schemes have been designed and applied in various scenarios. Among these schemes, secure and efficient re-encryption for encrypted data deduplication attracted the attention of many scholars, and many solutions have been designed to support dynamic ownership management. In this paper, we focus on the re-encryption deduplication storage system and show that the recently designed lightweight rekeying-aware encrypted deduplication scheme (REED) is vulnerable to an attack which we call it stub-reserved attack. Furthermore, we propose a secure data deduplication scheme with efficient re-encryption based on the convergent all-or-nothing transform (CAONT) and randomly sampled bits from the Bloom filter. Due to the intrinsic property of one-way hash function, our scheme can resist the stub-reserved attack and guarantee the data privacy of data owners’ sensitive data. Moreover, instead of re-encrypting the entire package, data owners are only required to re-encrypt a small part of it through the CAONT, thereby effectively reducing the computation overhead of the system. Finally, security analysis and experimental results show that our scheme is secure and efficient in re-encryption.
Prognostic Significance of Nuclear Receptor Coactivator-3 Overexpression in Primary Cutaneous Melanoma (2006)

These results identify NCOA3 as a novel, independent marker of melanoma outcome, with a significant impact on SLN metastasis, RFS, and DSS.
The Effects of Mn and Si Content on the Crystal Structure of Oxide Films, and Their Protectiveness to Corrosion of Bright-annealed, Type 430, Ferritic Stainless Steel (1983)

The crystal structures of oxide films formed on the surface of 17% Cr-Fe alloys containing various amounts of Mn and Si, when treated in H2-H2O atmospheres with dew points of - 25° and - 36°C, were investigated. The influence of the oxide films with different crystal structures on the corrosion resistance of alloys to dilute sulphuric acid was also studied.The results obtained are as follows:The alloys form (Cr. Fe)2O3, MnCr2O4 and SiO2, depending on the content of Mn and Si, even when the oxygen potentials (dew points) of the atmospheres are those that would normally produce a Cr2O3 film on pure Cr-Fe alloys. These oxides show less resistance to corrosion than Cr2O3.A pure 17% Cr-Fe alloy forms only Cr2O3 and exhibits especially excellent corrosion resistance. However, 17% Cr-Mn-Fe alloys with a small amount of Mn in the range of 0.08 to 0.25% appear to form spinel type (MnCr2O4 etc) oxides and have a different behavior in their resistance to corrosion. The minimal corrosion rate is attained at 0.08% Mn, beyond which the corrosion rate increases as the Mn content increases. On the contrary, the 17% Cr-Si-Fe alloy with a Si content of 0.10% forms (Cr. Fe)2O3 and SiO2. When the Si content is increased beyond 0.10%, (Cr. Fe)2O3 disappears and Cr2O3 forms, improving corrosion resistance.The corrosion resistance behavior of the alloys mentioned above can be explained by the variation of the crystal structures and thickness of the oxide films formed under varying controlled atmospheres.
Constrained simulated annealing with applications in nonlinear continuous constrained global optimization (2003)

This paper improves constrained simulated annealing (CSA), a discrete global minimization algorithm with asymptotic convergence to discrete constrained global minima with probability one. The algorithm is based on the necessary and sufficient conditions for discrete constrained local minima in the theory of discrete Lagrange multipliers. We extend CSA to solve nonlinear continuous constrained optimization problems whose variables take continuous values. We evaluate many heuristics, such as dynamic neighborhoods, gradual resolution of nonlinear equality constraints and reannealing, in order to greatly improve the efficiency of solving continuous problems. We report much better solutions than the best-known solutions in the literature on two sets of continuous optimization benchmarks.
NESS: A coupled simulation expert system (1986)

This paper reports on work being conducted for NASA to develop a simulation expert system called NESS that can assist the user to run digital simulations of dynamic systems and interpret the output data to determine system characteristics. The paper describes our design principle, system architecture and knowledge base. Finally, in order to demonstrate NESS' simulation and analysis capabilities, a session log involving a printwheel position controller is shown.
Pneumonia nosocomial: importância do microambiente oral (2009)

Nosocomial pneumonia, especially ventilator-associated pneumonia, is a common infection in ICUs. The main etiologic factors involve colonizing and opportunistic bacteria from the oral cavity. Oral hygiene measures, including the use of oral antiseptic agents, such as chlorhexidine, have proven useful in reducing its incidence. The objective of this article was to review the literature on the importance of the oral environment in the development of nosocomial pneumonia.
State-based model checking of event-driven system requirements (1991)

In this paper, we demonstrate how model checking can be used to verify safety properties for eventdriven systems. We present a technique for transforming event-oriented system requirements into statebased structures, which we can then analyze using a state-based model checker. This technique was effective in uncovering violations of system invariants in both an automobile cruise control system and a water-level monitoring system.
Computational investigation of micro rotorcraft near-wall hovering aerodynamics (2014)

Micro rotorcraft are considered a promising unmanned aerial platform owing to their high manoeuvrability and small footprint, which together allow for operation within very confined environments. This paper presents a computational investigation into a key challenge that limits micro rotorcraft performance within confined environments: Disturbance phenomena that occur due to aerodynamic interactions between rotors and nearby walls. The results of this study show that a micro rotor hovering near a wall will experience two wake asymmetry phenomena: Asymmetry in wake shape and asymmetry in vortex circulation strength. These asymmetry phenomena induce additional rotor force components that vary with rotor azimuthal angle. When averaged over time, these forces generate moments that present a disturbance large enough to have a significant adverse effect on micro rotorcraft blade flapping and attitude dynamics. Ultimately, this places the rotorcraft at a high risk of collision with the wall. This key result is fundamental to future design of disturbance observers and control systems that will be essential for future development of reliable confined environment micro rotorcraft systems.
Aspergillus niger β-Glucosidase Has a Cellulase-like Tadpole Molecular Shape (2013)

Aspergillus niger is known to secrete large amounts of β-glucosidases, which have a variety of biotechnological and industrial applications. Here, we purified an A. niger β-glucosidase (AnBgl1) and conducted its biochemical and biophysical analyses. Purified enzyme with an apparent molecular mass of 116 kDa forms monomers in solution as judged by native gel electrophoresis and has a pI value of 4.55, as found for most of the fungi of β-glucosidases. Surprisingly, the small angle x-ray experiments reveal that AnBgl1 has a tadpole-like structure, with the N-terminal catalytic domain and C-terminal fibronectin III-like domain (FnIII) connected by the long linker peptide (∼100 amino acid residues) in an extended conformation. This molecular organization resembles the one adopted by other cellulases (such as cellobiohydrolases, for example) that frequently contain a catalytic domain linked to the cellulose-binding module that mediates their binding to insoluble and polymeric cellulose. The reasons why AnBgl1, which acts on the small soluble substrates, has a tadpole molecular shape are not entirely clear. However, our enzyme pulldown assays with different polymeric substrates suggest that AnBgl1 has little or no capacity to bind to and to adsorb cellulose, xylan, and starch, but it has high affinity to lignin. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that clusters of residues located in the C-terminal FnIII domain interact strongly with lignin fragments. The simulations showed that numerous arginine residues scattered throughout the FnIII surface play an important role in the interaction with lignin by means of cation-π stacking with the lignin aromatic rings. These results indicate that the C-terminal FnIII domain could be operational for immobilization of the enzyme on the cell wall and for the prevention of unproductive binding of cellulase to the biomass lignin.
Diffusion of slot injected drag reducing polymer solution in a LEBU modified turbulent boundary layer (1990)

The effects of a tandem set of large eddy breakup (LEBU) devices on the diffusion of drag-reducing polymer solution and of water injected into a turbulent boundary layer flow have been studied. Laser Doppler velocimeter measurements were taken in the LEBU modified boundary layer with and without polymer injection. A laser-induced fluorescence technique was used to examine the development of concentration profiles of the injected fluids with increasing distance from the injection slot for a range of injection rates. The diffusion rate of water, a passive contaminant, was diminished by the LEBU devices over a distance of only 10 to 15 boundary layer thicknesses before returning to the case of an unmodified flow; whereas the devices did have a major effect on the diffusion of polymer over the entire streamwise distance studied compared to the case of an unmodified flow. Large reductions of turbulent normal and shear stresses were observed downstream of the devices, especially with polymer injection.
End-to-End Instance Segmentation with Recurrent Attention (2017)

While convolutional neural networks have gained impressive success recently in solving structured prediction problems such as semantic segmentation, it remains a challenge to differentiate individual object instances in the scene. Instance segmentation is very important in a variety of applications, such as autonomous driving, image captioning, and visual question answering. Techniques that combine large graphical models with low-level vision have been proposed to address this problem, however, we propose an end-to-end recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture with an attention mechanism to model a human-like counting process, and produce detailed instance segmentations. The network is jointly trained to sequentially produce regions of interest as well as a dominant object segmentation within each region. The proposed model achieves competitive results on the CVPPP [27], KITTI [12], and Cityscapes [8] datasets.
Deformation Behavior of Free‐Standing Pd‐based Thin Film Metallic Glass for Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Applications (2005)

The deformation behavior of thin film metallic glasses (TFMG) both as‐deposited and annealed at the supercooled liquid region (SCLR) near the T g were investigated by bending TFMG microbeams. It was found that the shear banding behavior, the stress for operating the first shear band and the plastic shear displacement along the shear band plane were dependent on annealing time at the T g . The deformation mechanism and the controlling of mechanical properties of the TFMG were discussed.
New Applications for Soybean Biodiesel Glycerol (2011)

Soybean -
Conflicting Roles of Anion Doping on the Electrochemical Performance of Li-Ion Battery Cathode Materials (2016)

Anion doping is one of the most widely adopted strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. However, undesirable side effects are often observed together with enhanced electrochemical properties, leading to an unsatisfactory overall performance. In order to develop an anion doping strategy which enhances the positive effects and suppresses undesirable side effects, the understanding of their origin at the atomic scale is a crucial step. In this work, using density functional theory (DFT), we report a systematic study on the effects of three common anion dopants (F, S, Cl) on a wide range of properties of a model cathode material, LiNiO2, including redox potential, ionic conductivity, Li/Ni exchange, lattice distortion, and Ni migration upon delithiation. The results show that the dopants improve certain properties but worsen others, revealing some distance-dependent features. Overall, our work shows conflicting roles of anion doping on the battery voltage, rate performance, and structural stability of the cathode material. By identifying the origins of the different roles, we propose a rational anion doping strategy for the optimization of the overall electrochemical performance of the cathode material. These results for LiNiO2 can also promote anion doping studies and improved materials design in other Ni-rich layered oxide cathode materials.
Hermeticity lifetime of a 63Sn37Pb solder sealed optical fiber feedthrough (2002)

A highly accurate prediction of hermeticity lifetime is developed for a eutectic 63Sn37Pb alloy solder sealed optical fiber-Kovar nosetube feedthrough subjected to repetitive thermal cycling. Thermally induced fatigue fracture of the 63Sn37Pb solder/Ni-Au plated Kovar interface is initially generated from creep deformation of the solder and propagates gradually through the junction in the axial direction. A nonlinear axisymmetric finite element analysis of the 63Sn37Pb fiber feedthrough seal is performed using a thermo-elastic creep constitutive equation and the solder joint fatigue life prediction based on accumulated strain energy associated with solder creep imposed by temperature cycling is analyzed. SEM/EDX metallurgical analysis of the solder/Kovar nosetube interface indicates that AuSn/sub 4/ intermetallic formed during soldering may also contribute to joint weakening. The optical fiber metallized with Ni/sub 2/P-Ni underplate and electrolytic Au overplating exhibits correspondingly similar intermetallic formation at the solder/fiber interface. Combined hermeticity testing and metallurgical analysis carried out on 63Sn37Pb alloy solder sealed optical fiber feedthroughs after repetitive temperature cycling between -40 and +125/spl deg/C validated the analytical approach taken to identify both the failure site and life expectancy.