gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated method for determination of oxygen equilibrium curves of red cell suspensions under controlled buffer conditions and its clinical applications (1979)

The accurate determination of the oxygen equilibrium curve (OEC) of whole blood or red cell suspensions requires special considerations to avoid the secondary effects due to lactate formation, removal of carbon dioxide, use of anticoagulants, etc. An automated apparatus has been constructed that can record the whole OEC of red cells within 20 min. The instrument also can be used to record the OEC of hemolysate. The pH, temperature, and PO2 are monitored constantly during the measurement. Using this instrument, the effects of pH, temperature, carbon dioxide, anticoagulants, and buffers on the OEC of normal fresh blood have been investigated. The OEC of normal blood, blood containing abnormal hemoglobin, or enzyme, were determined. The results were compared with those obtained using commercial OEC apparatuses.
Acrylate as an Efficient Dimethylamine Trap for the Practical Synthesis of 1-<i>tert</i>-Butyl-4-piperidone via Transamination (2004)

Efficient trapping of dimethylamine was the key to success in the transamination of 1,1-dimethyl-4-oxopiperidinium iodide with tert-butylamine to afford 1-tert-butylpiperidin-4-one in high yield. The use of sodium acrylate was found to provide an elegant way to both trap dimethylamine and provide a convenient method to allow purification in the subsequent extraction.
Synthesis and Enzyme-Specific Activation of Carbohydrate−Geldanamycin Conjugates with Potent Anticancer Activity (2004)

Geldanamycin (GA) is a potent anticancer antibiotic that inhibits Hsp90. Its potential clinical utility is hampered by its severe toxicity. To alleviate this problem, we synthesized a series of carbohydrate-geldanamycin conjugates for enzyme-specific activation to increase tumor selectivity. The conjugation was carried out at the C-17-position of GA. Their anticancer activity was tested in a number of cancer cell lines. The enzyme-specific activation of these conjugates was evaluated with beta-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase. Evidently, glycosylation of C-17-position converted GA to an inactive prodrug before enzyme cleavage. Glucose-GA, as positive control, showed anticancer activity with IC(50) of 70.2-380.9 nM in various cancer cells by beta-glucosidase activation inside of the tumor cells, which was confirmed by 3-fold inhibition using beta-glucosidase specific inhibitor [2,5-dihydroxymethy-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DMDP)]. Compared to glucose-GA, galactose- and lactose-GA conjugates exhibited much less activity with IC(50) greater than 8000-25 000 nM. However, when galactose- and lactose-GA were incubated with beta-galactosidase in the cells, their anticancer activity was enhanced by 3- to 40-fold. The results suggest that GA can be inactivated by glycosylation of C-17-position and reactivated for anticancer activity by beta-galactosidase. Therefore, galactose-GA can be exploited in antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) with beta-galactosidase for enzyme-specific activation in tumors to increase tumor selectivity.
Speed control and sensorless force control with magnetic gear (2010)

This paper describes a study of the speed control and sensorless force control with non-contact magnetic transmission system (the magnetic gear). The magnetic gear has various features. For example, this device is characterized by negligibly small friction because of transmitting torque without contact. However, the magnetic gear introduces a cogging torque and a spring characteristic because it transmits torque via magnetism. Therefore, we applied various control method to reject the disturbances such as cogging torque in speed control. Additionally, using the magnetic gear for force control is primary candidate. If the magnetic gear is applied to a robot manipulator, force control can be performed without using a force sensor because of non-contact. We conducted experiments to examine the sensorless force control using an experimental magnetic geared device, and we verified the promising possibility for the sensorless feedback.
Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: dominant markers and null alleles (2007)

Dominant markers such as amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) provide an economical way of surveying variation at many loci. However, the uncertainty about the underlying genotypes presents a problem for statistical analysis. Similarly, the presence of null alleles and the limitations of genotype calling in polyploids mean that many conventional analysis methods are invalid for many organisms. Here we present a simple approach for accounting for genotypic ambiguity in studies of population structure and apply it to AFLP data from whitefish. The approach is implemented in the program structure version 2.2, which is available from http://pritch.bsd.uchicago.edu/structure.html.
Prospectively Quantifying the Propensity for Atrial Fibrillation: A Mechanistic Formulation (2015)

The goal of this study was to determine quantitative relationships between electrophysiologic parameters and the propensity of cardiac tissue to undergo atrial fibrillation. We used a computational model to simulate episodes of fibrillation, which we then characterized in terms of both their duration and the population dynamics of the electrical waves which drove them. Monte Carlo sampling revealed that episode durations followed an exponential decay distribution and wave population sizes followed a normal distribution. Half-lives of reentrant episodes increased exponentially with either increasing tissue area to boundary length ratio (A/BL) or decreasing action potential duration (APD), resistance (R) or capacitance (C). We found that the qualitative form of fibrillatory activity (e.g., multi-wavelet reentry (MWR) vs. rotors) was dependent on the ratio of resistance and capacitance to APD; MWR was reliably produced below a ratio of 0.18. We found that a composite of these electrophysiologic parameters, which we term the fibrillogenicity index (Fb = A/(BL*APD*R*C)), reliably predicted the duration of MWR episodes (r2 = 0.93). Given that some of the quantities comprising Fb are amenable to manipulation (via either pharmacologic treatment or catheter ablation), these findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of titrated therapies of atrial fibrillation.
FrontPage 2000: The Complete Reference (1998)

From the Publisher:
FrontPage 2000 Web Builder's Bible. Whetehr you're a Web design beginner or a seasoned pro,Frontpage 2000: The Complete Reference,by Martin Matthews and Erik Poulsen,gives you a total toolchest for maximizing Microsoft's award-winning Website creation and management tool. You get up-to-date techniques and little-known secrets for using all of its advanced features,including the fast-action know-how to: Use Wizard and Components to handle Website mechanics; Create sizzling graphics special effects,and animated GIF's with Image Composer; Encourage Website traffic with interactive applets,forms,and scripts; Protect your site and visitors with fail-safe,maximum security features; Understand and maximize HTML,DHTML and XML; Design database-driven Web sites with ADO and OLE-DB; Implement Active Server Page technology; Import and integrate Office and other files; And much more. 
The Ultimate Guide to the #1 Web Site Creation Tool!
Develop robust,high-impact Web sites and applications with FrontPage 2000! Best-selling author,Martin Matthews,and high-profile Web designer,Erik Poulsen,show you how to use all of FrontPage 2000's features through easy-to-understand explanations and interactive exercises. 
Learn to lay out your site,format content,and add hyperlinks,special effects,and interactive components. Plus,you'll get clear instructions on how to extend and enhance FrontPage using HTML,Dynamic HTML,XML,Active Server Pages,ActiveX controls,Java applets,and much more. FrontPage 2000: The Complete Reference will help you turn your vision of a show-stopping Web site into reality-in no time! 
Inside,you'll find out how to: 

Create a professional-qualityWeb site or revamp an existing site following clear,step-by-step instructionsAdd forms,tables,frames,and multimedia to your siteMinimize routine tasks with Wizards,templates,themes,and shared bordersAdd interactive and animated features to your site using Dynamic HTML,FrontPage interactive components,ActiveX controls,and Java appletsCreate content formatted just the way you want using FrontPage's WYSIWYG editor with cascading style sheets and tables within tablesSet up database-driven Web sites using ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) and OLE-DBMonitor your site's performance,navigation,and task status at a glance from the new Reports view Set up intranet and e-commerce sites using tips and examples from existing sites
Current versus Light-Output Characteristics with No Definite Threshold in pnpn Vertical to Surface Transmission Electro-Photonic Devices with a Vertical Cavity (1991)

We demonstrate surface-emitting laser operation in pnpn structure vertical to surface transmission electro-photonic devices (VSTEPs) with a vertical cavity, i.e., VC-VSTEPs. Continuous-wave (cw) laser operation at room temperature is achieved with a VC-VSTEP mounted directly on a glass sheet with no heat sink. The threshold current is 3 mA for a 10 µm square device. In pulsed operation, this device shows current vs light-output characteristics with no definite threshold. The light output spectrum shows single mode operation in which the spectral width is the same value as the resolution of a spectrometer.
The Kinetics of the Acid-Catalyzed Formation of Peracetic Acid from Acetic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide (1965)

Abstract The sulfuric acid-catalyzed reversible formation of peracetic acid from acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in aqueous acetic acid has been studied kinetically. The rate of peracid formation is proportional to the product of the concentrations of acetic acid and of hydrogen peroxide, increasing with an increase in the concentration of sulfuric acid. The plot of the logarithm of the rate constant vs. −H0 gives a straight line, with a slope of 0.82 and 1.10. The mechanism has been discussed in connection with the analogous acid-catalyzed esterification. The equilibrium constants for the present reaction also increase with an increase in the acidity, and the similar plot of logK1 vs. −H gives a straight line with a slope of 0.22. These facts are explicable by considering the protonation of water.
Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator: Catalytic Inhibition and One-Two Chain Discriminatory Reactivities (1989)

A new set of monoclonal antibodies was generated against the tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). One of the antibodies, 1:3 C5, was found to be able to distinguish between the one- and two-chain form of t-PA and also exerted significant amidolytic inhibitory activity. Several of the antibodies, as judged from their binding properties in immunosorbent tests, were found to be suitable for immunoaffinity purification purposes, i.e. 1:3 C5, 1:3 G5, and 1:2 B9. Three of the mabs, 1:2 B9, 1:3 G5 and 2:2 B10, were selectively reactive with the A-chain of t-PA, whereas indirect evidences indicated 1:3 C5 to be reactive with a conformational epitope on the B-chain. Three of the antibodies were reactive with porcine t-PA. This new set of antibodies should prove useful for structure-function investigations of t-PA.
An Experimental Investigation of the Tradeoff between Switching Losses and EMI Generation With Hard-Switched All-Si, Si-SiC, and All-SiC Device Combinations (2013)

Silicon carbide (SiC) switching power devices (MOSFETs, JFETs) of 1200 V rating are now commercially available, and in conjunction with SiC diodes, they offer substantially reduced switching losses relative to silicon (Si) insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) paired with fast-recovery diodes. Low-voltage industrial variable-speed drives are a key application for 1200 V devices, and there is great interest in the replacement of the Si IGBTs and diodes that presently dominate in this application with SiC-based devices. However, much of the performance benefit of SiC-based devices is due to their increased switching speeds ( di/dt, dv/ dt), which raises the issues of increased electromagnetic interference (EMI) generation and detrimental effects on the reliability of inverter-fed electrical machines. In this paper, the tradeoff between switching losses and the high-frequency spectral amplitude of the device switching waveforms is quantified experimentally for all-Si, Si-SiC, and all-SiC device combinations. While exploiting the full switching-speed capability of SiC-based devices results in significantly increased EMI generation, the all-SiC combination provides a 70% reduction in switching losses relative to all-Si when operated at comparable dv/dt. It is also shown that the loss-EMI tradeoff obtained with the Si-SiC device combination can be significantly improved by driving the IGBT with a modified gate voltage profile.
Mobile Screening Units for the Early Detection of Cancer: A Systematic Review (2017)

Mobile screening units (MSUs) provide cancer screening services outside of fixed clinical sites, thereby increasing access to early detection services. We conducted a systematic review of the performance of MSUs for the early detection of cancer. Databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, WHO Global Health Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO) were searched up to July 2015. Studies describing screening for breast, cervical, and colon cancer using MSUs were included. Data were collected for operational aspects including the performance of exams, screening tests used, and outcomes of case detection. Of 268 identified studies, 78 were included. Studies investigated screening for cancers including breast (<i>n</i> = 55), cervical (<i>n</i> = 12), colon (<i>n</i> = 1), and multiphasic screening for multiple cancers (<i>n</i> = 10). The median number of screening exams performed per intervention was 1,767 (interquartile range 5,656-38,233). Programs operated in 20 countries, mostly in North America (36%) and Europe (36%); 52% served mixed rural/urban regions, while 35% and 13% served rural or urban regions, respectfully. We conclude that MSUs have served to expand access to screening in diverse contexts. However, further research on the implementation of MSUs in low-resource settings and health economic research on cost-effectiveness of MSUs compared with fixed clinics to inform policymakers is needed. <i>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(12); 1679-94. ©2017 AACR</i>.
The influence of chemical surface modification on the performance of sisal‐polyester biocomposites (2002)

Abstract This article concerns the effectiveness of various types and degrees of surface modification of sisal fibers involving dewaxing, alkali treatment, bleaching cyanoethylation and viny1 grafting in enhancing the mechanical properties, such as tensile, flexural and impact strength, of sisal‐polyester biocomposites. The mechanical properties are optimum at a fiber loading of 30 wt%. Among all modifications, cyanoethylation and alkali treatment result in improved properties of the biocomposites. Cyanoethylated sisal‐polyester composite exhibited maximum tensile strength (84.29 MPa). The alkali treated sisal‐polyester composite exhibited best flexural (153.94 MPa) and impac strength (197.88 J/m), which are, respectively, 21.8% and 20.9% higher than the corresponding mechanical properties of the untreated sisal‐polyester composites. In the case of vinyl grafting, acrylonitrile (AN)‐grafted sisal‐polyester composites show better mechanical properties than methyl‐methacrylate (MMA)‐grafted sisal composites. Scanning electron microscopic studies were carried out to analyze the fiber‐matrix interaction in various surface‐modified sisal‐polyester composites.
Chemiluminescence of linear hydrazides (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemiluminescence of linear hydrazidesEliezer Rapaport, Malcolm W. Cass, and Emil H. WhiteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 9, 3153–3159Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00764a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00764a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views307Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gain of function of ASXL1 truncating protein in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies (2017)

Additional Sex Combs-Like 1 (<i>ASXL1</i>) is mutated at a high frequency in all forms of myeloid malignancies associated with poor prognosis. We generated a <i>Vav1</i> promoter-driven <i>Flag-Asxl1</i><sup><i>Y588X</i></sup> transgenic mouse model, <i>Asxl1</i><sup><i>Y588X</i></sup> Tg, to express a truncated FLAG-ASXL1<sup>aa1-587</sup> protein in the hematopoietic system. The <i>Asxl1</i><sup><i>Y588X</i></sup> Tg mice had an enlarged hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool, shortened survival, and predisposition to a spectrum of myeloid malignancies, thereby recapitulating the characteristics of myeloid malignancy patients with <i>ASXL1</i> mutations. ATAC- and RNA-sequencing analyses revealed that the ASXL1<sup>aa1-587</sup> truncating protein expression results in more open chromatin in cKit<sup>+</sup> cells compared with wild-type cells, accompanied by dysregulated expression of genes critical for HSC self-renewal and differentiation. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that ASXL1<sup>aa1-587</sup> acquired an interaction with BRD4. An epigenetic drug screening demonstrated a hypersensitivity of <i>Asxl1</i><sup><i>Y588X</i></sup> Tg bone marrow cells to BET bromodomain inhibitors. This study demonstrates that ASXL1<sup>aa1-587</sup> plays a gain-of-function role in promoting myeloid malignancies. Our model provides a powerful platform to test therapeutic approaches of targeting the <i>ASXL1</i> truncation mutations in myeloid malignancies.
Entangled Quantum State of Magnetic Dipoles (2004)

Free magnetic moments usually manifest themselves in Curie laws, where weak external magnetic fields produce magnetizations that vary as the reciprocal of the temperature (1/T). For a variety of materials that do not display static magnetism, including doped semiconductors and certain rare-earth intermetallics, the 1/T law is replaced by a power law T- with < 1. Here we show that a much simpler material system—namely, the insulating magnetic salt LiHoxY1-xF4—can also display such a power law. Moreover, by comparing the results of numerical simulations of this system with susceptibility and specific-heat data, we show that both energy-level splitting and quantum entanglement are crucial to describing its behaviour. The second of these quantum mechanical effects—entanglement, where the wavefunction of a system with several degrees of freedom cannot be written as a product of wavefunctions for each degree of freedom—becomes visible for remarkably small tunnelling terms, and is activated well before tunnelling has visible effects on the spectrum. This finding is significant because it shows that entanglement, rather than energy-level redistribution, can underlie the magnetic behaviour of a simple insulating quantum spin system.
“Sometimes You Just Need People around You Who Understand You”: A Qualitative Study of Everyday Life at a Residential Care Unit for Young People with Diabetes (2021)

Solglimt is the only long-term residential care facility in Denmark for young people with diabetes who, for various reasons, are particularly exposed or vulnerable. This target group is characterized by poorly regulated diabetes and psychosocial challenges. As this unique setting and specific target group has not been studied before, we designed a qualitative sociological study of the experiences and perceptions of everyday life from the perspectives of current and former residents as well as from those of the residential care social workers (RCSWs). We also studied the specific care practices at Solglimt. The dataset consists of nine days of participatory observations, 29 semi-structured individual interviews with three target groups (9 current residents, 8 former residents and 12 RCSWs) and three participatory workshops. All data were analyzed using radical hermeneutics. The analysis produced four main themes: (1) In it together, like a family—feeling different among peers, (2) Social workers as substitutes for parents and healthcare professionals, (3) Individualization—Increased self-confidence and autonomy, and (4) Tacit knowledge and illness behavior automation. The findings show that the residential care facility is a family-like setting with a strong focus on individualization, which enables new illness behaviors and perceptions. The results offer important steps towards developing improved diabetes care strategies through individualized informal knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the results are applicable to general clinical diabetes care for vulnerable or low-resource children and young people with diabetes.
Significance of T cells in resistance to experimental murine coccidioidomycosis (1977)

The resistance of mice to coccidioidomycosis was found to be dependent on lymphoid cells. Thus, spleen cells from mice immunized with killed spherules of Coccidioides immitis, when transferred to irradiated (500 R) recipients, conferred upon the recipient mice resistance to infection with C. immitis. Prior incubation of these spleen cells with anti-theta serum in the presence of complement abrogated their capacity to protect the recipients from infection with C. immitis. Adult thymectomized mice, which had been irradiated (800 R) and reconstituted with bone marrow from normal mice, were more susceptible to infection with arthrospores than were nonthymectomized, irradiated bone marrow-reconstituted controls. Genetically homozygous athymic ("nude") mice died after infection with a dose of arthrospores that was sublethal for their heterozygote counterparts possessing a thymus, or for normal mice. The results indicate that a functioning T-cell population is an essential component for effective immunity to C. immitis.
Parallel digital architectures for high-speed adaptive DSSS receivers (2002)

DSP-based implementations of receivers have many advantages over their analog counterparts including precise matched filtering and reconfigurability. As processing rates increase, more receiver functions are implemented digitally-the ultimate goal in this shift being all-digital receivers which sample at IF or RF. Practical limitations obviously occur when the processing rates fall behind sampling and symbol rates. We extend previous ideas for introducing parallelism into the receiver design. We describe a parallel, adaptive DSSS receiver in which individual processing units can potentially operate at rates below the symbol rate. The design is shown to have BERs equivalent to conventional designs.