gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human CD14 is an efficient target for recombinant immunoglobulin vaccine constructs that deliver T cell epitopes (2004)

It has been shown in the mouse that recombinant immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules with T cell epitopes inserted into the constant domain (Troybodies) can target antigen-presenting cells (APC) for efficient delivery of T cell epitopes. Here, we have extended the Troybody concept to human applications. Moreover, we show that a receptor of innate immunity, CD14, which is a part of the lipopolysaccharide receptor complex on monocyte APC, is an efficient target. For construction of CD14-specific Troybodies, we used rearranged variable(diversity)joining regions cloned from the 3C10 mouse B cell hybridoma. As a model T cell epitope, amino acids 40-48 of mouse Ckappa, presented on human leukocyte antigen-DR4, were inserted into a loop connecting beta-strands in C(H)1 of human gamma3. In the presence of monocytes, CD14-specific Troybodies were >100 times as efficient as a nontargeting control antibody (Ab) at stimulating Ckappa(40-48)-specific/DR4-restricted T cells. Presentation was dependent on the conventional processing pathway for presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. Enhanced presentation of the Ckappa epitope was most likely a result of increased loading of MHC class II molecules, as the CD14-specific monoclonal Ab 3C10 did not induce maturation of the APC. The results show that CD14, a receptor of innate immunity, may be a promising target of recombinant Ig-based vaccines for elicitation of T cell responses in humans.
Breast-feeding in Bangladesh: Patterns and impact on fertility (1996)

Sustainable Development Goals: Good Health and Well-Being Quality Education Sustainable Cities and Communities
SERS of Semiconducting Nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> Hybrid Composites) (2009)

Raman scattering of molecules adsorbed on the surface of TiO(2) nanoparticles was investigated. We find strong enhancement of Raman scattering in hybrid composites that exhibit charge transfer absorption with TiO(2) nanoparticles. An enhancement factor up to approximately 10(3) was observed in the solutions containing TiO(2) nanoparticles and biomolecules, including the important class of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and dopac (3,4-dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid). Only selected vibrations are enhanced, indicating molecular specificity due to distinct binding and orientation of the biomolecules coupled to the TiO(2) surface. All enhanced modes are associated with the asymmetric vibrations of attached molecules that lower the symmetry of the charge transfer complex. The intensity and the energy of selected vibrations are dependent on the size and shape of nanoparticle support. Moreover, we show that localization of the charge in quantized nanoparticles (2 nm), demonstrated as the blue shift of particle absorption, diminishes SERS enhancement. Importantly, the smallest concentration of adsorbed molecules shows the largest Raman enhancements suggesting the possibility for high sensitivity of this system in the detection of biomolecules that form a charge transfer complex with metal oxide nanoparticles. The wavelength-dependent properties of a hybrid composite suggest a Raman resonant state. Adsorbed molecules that do not show a charge transfer complex show weak enhancements probably due to the dielectric cavity effect.
Differential degradation of calpastatin by μ‐ and m‐calpain in Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐enriched human neuroblastoma LAN‐5 cells (2000)

In neuroblastoma LAN-5 cells during calpain activation, in addition to the two expressed 70 kDa and 30 kDa calpastatin forms, other inhibitory species are produced, having molecular masses of 50 kDa and 15 kDa. At longer times of incubation, both native and new calpastatin species disappear. The formation of these new calpastatins as well as the decrease in intracellular total calpastatin activity are mediated by calpain itself, as indicated by the effect of the synthetic calpain inhibitor I, which prevents both degradative processes. Analysis of the calcium concentrations required for the two processes indicates that the first conservative proteolytic event is mediated by micro-calpain, whereas the second one is preferentially carried out by m-calpain. The appearance of the 15 kDa form, containing only the calpastatin repetitive inhibitory domain and identified also in red cells of hypertensive rats as the major inhibitor form, can be considered a marker of intracellular calpain activation, and it can be used for the monitoring of the involvement of calpain in pathological situations.
Expression of CD33 antigen on normal human activated T lymphocytes [letter] (1994)

To the Editor.
Topical evening primrose oil as treatment for atopic eczema (1990)

Topical evening primrose oil (EPO) was evaluated in 12 patients with atopic eczema in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The patients were treated for 2 weeks with EPO cream applied to one arm and placebo to the other. The subjective improvement in eczema treated with EPO was greater than the improvement on the placebo-treated sides using a simple self-assessment scoring system. No topical or systemic side-effects were observed. It is concluded that topical EPO has potential as treatment for atopic eczema and warrants further clinical studies.
Using workflows to control the experiment execution in modeling and simulation software (2012)

To control the computation of an experiment means at least to deal with the generation of parameter combinations of interest (at best using experiment design solutions) and to execute, in case of stochastic simulations, the required replications using the hardware available.Although the process to be supported by modeling and simulation (M&S) software is often constrained to loading the model and instantiating it using a given parameter configuration and executing it by taking into account the simulation parameters, needs might arise to adapt and extend the code controlling the execution, i. e., incorporating feedback loops from validation or analysis steps into the execution scheme during runtime, having user interaction or simply adding further steps to the execution scheme such as further data processing. Additional features, like supporting diverse hardware setups, documentation or security, may imply further changes to the code.A workflow-based execution abstracts from concrete implementations and hard-coded execution patterns, as it provides a declarative description of this process, which means that anyone can set up own experimentation workflows (by using smaller predefined workflows and non-workflow-based components). Herein we present a workflow driven realization of an experimentation layer, which supports the same features as the hard-coded alternative and we discuss the pros, cons, and performance of the workflow-based approach.
Pyruvic Acid Production by an F<sub>1</sub>-ATPase-defective Mutant of<i>Escherichia coli</i>W1485<i>lip2</i> (1994)

An F1-ATPase-defective mutant, TBLA-1, was constructed by the transduction of a defective gene for the alpha subunit of F1-ATPase, atpA401, into Escherichia coli W1485lip2, a lipoic acid-requiring pyruvic acid producer. The pyruvic acid production of the strain TBLA-1 was found to be improved markedly compared with that of strain W1485lip2. In cultures using a jar fermentor, the strain W1485lip2 consumed 50 g/liter of glucose and produced 25 g/liter of pyruvic acid after culture for 32h, while strain TBLA-1 consumed the same amount of glucose, and produced more than 30 g/liter of pyruvic acid in a 24-h culture. A revertant, No. 63-1, derived from the strain TBLA-1, had a normal level of F1-ATPase activity, and showed a similar pattern of pyruvic acid production to that of strain W1485lip2.
Systematic Analysis of DNA Microarray Data: Ordering and Interpreting Patterns of Gene Expression (2001)

biological order is the hierarchical pattern in the data that tracks the lineage splitting and divergence represented by a dendrogram or tree. In contrast, systematic treatment of microarray data assumes that order intrinsic to gene expression profiles will yield insights into molecular, cellular, and tissue level processes and functions. This approach, in turn, might allow for improved disease classification, diagnosis, prognosis, and drug design, among other pharmaceutical and medical goals. The assumptions that are appropriate for any analytical method are determined by the type of biological order that the method seeks to recover. Although gene expression data are similar to other types of data collected for traditional systematic studies (e.g., DNA sequence data, morphological data), it is not immediately obvious how techniques initially designed to elucidate relationships between organisms should be applied to gene expression profiles. There is a longstanding philosophical debate contrasting similaritybased and character-based methods in the analysis of problems in evolutionary biology and organismal classification. Because the most widely used methods in microarray studies are based upon some measurement of overall similarity of genes or cells or tissue types, it may be informative to revisit this debate as it applies to microarray studies. Although both overall similarity and characterbased techniques can produce trees, or branching diagrams, the fundamental assumptions and interpretations of the outcomes differ significantly. The choice between the two depends, therefore, on what the researcher is asking, the nature of the data being collected, and the biological context of the study.
Effects of Water Residues on Solvent Adsorption Cycles (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of Water Residues on Solvent Adsorption CyclesThomas A. J. SchweigerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 1, 283–287Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00040a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00040a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
12-bit non-calibrating noise-immune redundant SAR ADC for System-on-a-chip (2006)

Noise coupling mechanism analysis is done for a successive approximation (SAR) type ADC. In the light of this, a simple redundant SAR architecture is presented that nulls conversion phase noise; non-ideal circuit behavior and is compared with the reported work which, in most cases, optimize for conversion speed alone. The 12-bit multi-channel non-calibrating charge re-distribution type SAR-ADC integrated with a large system-on-a-chip is fabricated as a test-chip and a fully integrated device in 130 nm 5 metal 1 poly CMOS "digital" process. Test-chip results show no observable degradations when switching noise was restricted to the conversion phase alone while it shows 3db SNR degradation otherwise. Though designed for 200KSPS settling time, silicon results illustrates maximum operation at 2MSPS using margins actually designed for noise. On the final integrated version, 11.4 bit ENOB and 71.5 db SNR was recorded in the presence of digital switching substrate noise/IO switching noise and board ground noises
A framework for analyzing configurations of deployable software systems (2003)

Configuring and deploying a large software system is complicated when the system is composed of components and when there are numerous possible configurations for the system. In such a scenario, it is difficult for end users to specify and install an appropriate configuration for their specific environment. Defining all valid configurations of a software system is challenging, and can be addressed through a concise specification that can generate all of the possible configurations. The Deployable Software Description (DSD) part of the University of Colorado Software Dock project, is one such specification format. But using the DSD runs the risk that the set of generated configurations includes some that are invalid with respect to constraints defined independently of the DSD. The paper describes a framework to support the analysis of DSD specifications to help developers detect potentially invalid configurations. This analysis assumes that the system components are annotated with properties, and an analysis tool is provided that takes a specific configuration and analyzes it for conflicts with respect to some set of constraints. Using the DSD, we can enumerate and analyze configurations to verify their validity. The results can be used to modify the DSD to avoid future generation of invalid configurations.
Calix[4]tubes: An Approach to Functionalization (2012)

Adamantylcalix[4]arenes decorated with ester groups and calix[4]arene tetratosylates were used to prepare a series of calix[4]tubes bearing 3-methoxycarbonyl- and 3-methoxycarbonylmethyl-1-adamantyl units (up to eight) in good yield. These compounds were subjected to further chemical transformations giving a wide set of novel ester-, acid-, hydroxy-, amine-, and urea-functionalized calix[4]tubes. Introduction of urea groups into the calixtube core led not only to anion-targeted receptors, but also provided heteroditopic behavior of the hosts, which enriches the well-established potassium-uptake ability of calix[4]tubes.
Statistical studies of biomolecular sequences: score-based methods (1994)

The massive accumulation of DNA and protein sequence data poses challenges and opportunities in terms of interpretation and analysis. This presentation reviews the method of score-based sequence analysis with the objectives of discerning distinctive segments in single sequences and identifying significant common segments in sequence comparisons. A number of new results are described here for both the theory and its applications. These include distributional theory involving several high scoring segments in single sequences, distribution formulas for general scoring regimes in multiple sequence comparisons, bounds for periodic scoring assignments, sensitivity analysis of genome composition and refinements on predicting exons and genes in DNA sequences.
Nonlinear dynamics and spatial complexity in optical systems : the Forty-first Scottish Universities Summer School in Physics, Edinburgh, August 1992 (1993)

Order Parameter of Oscillators: Introduction Linear and Nonlinear oscillators Spatially distributed oscillators Topological Defects in a CGL equation Defect-Dynamics in a CGL equation Conclusion (P Coullet et al). Pattern Formation and Pattern Recognition: Introduction Order parameters and the slaving principle Some examples of formation of spatial patterns Generalized Ginzburg-Landau Equations Some examples from fluid dynamics Pattern recognition (H Haken). Global Bifurcations in Finite Dimensional Flows: Introduction General principles of homoclinic bifurcations Examples Conclusion (C Sparrow). Pattern Formation and Space-Time Organization in Nonlinear Optics: Introduction Pattern formation and complexity phase singularities, topological defects and turbulence Pattern formation and pattern competition (F T Arecchi).Instabilities and Quantum Noise Reduction in Nonlinear optical Mixing: Introduction FWM in longitudinal modes FWM in transverse plane-wave modes FWM in Gauss-Laguerre transverse modes (M Brambilla). Complexity and Defects in Passive nonlinear Optical Systems: Introduction Pattern formation in an optical cavity Mirror Feedback Systems Counterpropagation instabilities in a Kerr medium Conclusion (W J Firth). Deterministic Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics in Nonlinear Optics: Introduction Instabilities of counterpropagating laser beams Dynamics and instabilities in stimulated Brillouin scattering (R W Boyd). Spatio-Temporal Structures in Wide Aperture Lasers: Introduction Two level and Raman lasers: background theory Near and beyond threshold behavior: amplitude and phase equations Numerical simulations beyond threshold Conclusions (J V Moloney and A C Newell). Nonlinear Dynamics of Semiconductor Laser Arrays: Introduction Coupled-mode rate equations Stability boundaries for a two-emitter array Stability of three-emitter and larger arrays Phase-dynamical description of laser arrays (H Winful). Transverse Structure formation and Vortices in Lasers Introduction CGLE and vortex dynamics in class A lasers Beyond the CGLE Laser and hydrodynamics Vortices in class B lasers Conclusion (M F H Tarrojo et al). Amplification and Lasing without Inversion: Introduction Atomic interference The Maxwell-Bloch equations Linear analysis Nonlinear analysis The driven ^D*L and the ^Ih schemes The inversion problem Lasing without inversion Experimental results (P Mandel). Participant's addresses. Index.
A neuromuscular mechanism maintaining extrathoracic airway patency (1979)

The ability of the extrathoracic airway (ETA) to remain open when exposed to negative pressure was investigated in rabbits. Postmortem, the ETA collapsed at -6.3 +/- 0.6 cmH2O whereas, during airway occlusion maneuvers in lightly anesthetized animals, it remained patent at pressures as low as -80 cmH2O. This discrepancy suggested that a neuromuscular mechanism maintains ETA patency. Four findings indicated that the genioglossus and geniohyoid muscles, which pull the tongue and hyoid bone anteriorly, help maintain ETA patency: 1) anterior movement of the hyoid bone increased the negative pressure at which the ETA collapsed postmortem, 2) ETA closure during occluded inspirations occurred after 12th nerve section abolished electromyographic activity in these muscles and 3) after deep anesthesia depressed such activity, and 4) closing pressure was linearly related to peak integrated electromyograms of the two muscles. After 12th nerve section, ETA closing pressure became more negative with progressive asphyxia greatly exceeding postmortem closing pressure, which suggests that other muscles also help maintain ETA patency. Blood gas tensions, respiratory system mechanoreceptors, and depth of anesthesia appear to influence genioglossus and geniohyoid activity.
Direct Photolysis of Trichloroethene in Air:  Effect of Cocontaminants, Toxicity of Products, and Hydrothermal Treatment of Products (1996)

This paper examines the practical limitations in using xenon flash lamps for the direct photolysis of organic compounds in air. Due to Cl• atom chain reactions, higher chlorinated ethenes photolyze rapidly enough to compete with catalytic thermal oxidation. However, many common cocontaminants photooxidize slowly, limiting practical applications. The chloroethene Cl• chains can be inhibited by some cosolutes, but can also sensitize the oxidation of some cocontaminants. Trichloroethene (TCE) photolyzes to give a >90% initial yield of dichloroacetyl chloride (DCAC), which photooxidizes further to phosgene (≤25%), trichloroacetyl chloride (≤2%), unidentified intermediates, and ultimately HCl and CO2. DCAC is about 40 times more toxic than TCE and requires about 100 times more exposure dose to reduce the effluent toxicity to acceptable levels. Dechlorination can be achieved by scrubbing into alkaline solution followed by high-temperature hydrolysis. The base-catalyzed hydrolysis of dichloroacetic acid proceeds with a rate constant of ln kB [M-1 s-1] = (32.6 ± 5.7) + (129 ± 20 kJ mol-1)/RT measured from 90 to 220 °C and 0.1−1 M NaOH.
Chemical constituents of<i>Centella asiatica</i> (2007)

Studies on the chemical constituents of the aerial part of Centella asiatica have led to the isolation of three new compounds, named centellin (1), asiaticin (2), and centellicin (3). Their structures have been elucidated through spectral studies including 2D NMR experiments (HMQC, HMBC, (1)H-(1)H COSY, NOESY and J resolved).
Engineering of a Cytidine 5′‐Monophosphate‐Sialic Acid Synthetase for Improved Tolerance to Functional Sialic Acids (2013)

Abstract Sialic acid‐containing glycoconjugates at the cell surface are of high importance in carbohydrate‐mediated recognition phenomena in physiological and pathological events, as well as in bacterial or viral infection. A key step in the enzymatic synthesis of natural sialoconjugates and functional synthetic analogues is the activation of sialic acids to cytidine 5′‐monophosphate (CMP)‐sialic acid intermediates catalyzed by CMP‐sialic acid synthetase (CSS). Based on our recently developed aligned protein model of substrate binding and a simple colorimetric screening assay, we have engineered the CSS from Neisseria meningitidis by structure‐guided site‐specific saturation mutagenesis at positions 192/193 to generate enzymes with broadened substrate scope. Top hits, including the F192S/F193Y variant, display an improvement of up to 70‐fold catalytic efficiency relative to wild‐type CSS for the conversion of sterically demanding N ‐acyl modified sialic acid analogues, without compromising protein stability. Such significantly enhanced substrate capacity is a major step forward to realizing a generalized chemo‐enzymatic strategy for the efficient preparation of neo‐sialoconjugate libraries, demonstrated by the highly efficient, regio‐ and stereospecific synthesis of 2,6‐sialyllactose analogues by enzymatic coupling to the highly substrate tolerant α2,6‐sialyltransferase from Photobacterium leiognathi JT‐SHIZ‐145. Our results further document the unusual versatility of the N. meningitidis CSS and engineered variants for a common synthetic approach to sialoconjugates comprising a large diversity of natural and non‐natural sialic acid forms without the need for post‐synthetic enzymatic modification. magnified image
Starch-Encapsulated Bacillus thuringiensis: A Potential New Method for Increasing Environmental Stability of Entomopathogens1 (1988)

Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner was encapsulated within a starch matrix and assayed for biological activity against neonate and second-instar larvae of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner). When larvae ingested encapsulated B. thuringiensis, they digested the starch matrix and released into their guts B. thuringiensis crystals and spores, which initiated infection. Nearly 100% mortality occurred at all dosages and concentrations tested whenever the starch granules were hydrated and high relative humidity conditions (>80%) were maintained during the 24-h exposure period of the assay. Encapsulated B. thuringiensis stored in the laboratory for 4 mo exhibited no detectable decrease in pathological activity.