gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microstructure-Property Relationships in Directionally Solidified Single-Crystal Nickel-Base Superalloys (1988)

This paper discusses some of the microstructural features which influence the creep properties of directionally solidified and single-crystal nickel-base superalloys. Gamma prime precipitate size and morphology, γ-γ' lattice mismatch, phase instability, alloy composition, and processing variations are among the factors considered. Recent experimental results are reviewed and related to the operative deformation mechanisms and to the corresponding mechanical properties. Special emphasis is placed on the creep behavior of single-crystal superalloys at high temperatures, where directional γ' coarsening is prominent, and at lower temperatures, where γ' coarsening rates are significantly reduced. It can be seen that very subtle changes in microstructural features can have profound effects on the subsequent properties of these materials.
Benzenediboronic Acids (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBenzenediboronic AcidsDonald R. Nielsen and William E. McEwenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 12, 3081–3084Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01569a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01569a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views911Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cryptographic Hash Functions and Low-Power Techniques for Embedded Hardware (2005)

Message Authentication Codes (MACs) are ways to ensure message integrity and validate authenticity. Most available MAC functions have been optimized for software efficiency, particularly for the 32-bit processing environment, where power consumption is not a matter of concern. However, embedded devices, such as wireless sensor nodes, have very limited processing and power resources. This paper investigates various cryptographic (keyed) hash functions to determine their suitabli1ityy for low-power purposes. This paper also gives a brief overview of the different techniques for low-power digital circuit designs.
Fine-Scale Turbulence Noise from Hot Jets (2005)

Experimental measurements indicate that the noise radiated from a jet depends not just on the jet-exit velocity alone, but is significantly affected by the jet temperature. Now, there is evidence to support the proposition that jet mixing noise consists of two principal components. These are the noise from the large turbulence structures of the jet flow and the fine-scale turbulence. The prediction of fine-scale turbulence noise from hot jets is considered. Earlier Tam and Auriault developed a semi-empirical theory capable of predicting the fine-scale turbulence noise from cold to moderate temperature jets. In this work, their semi-empirical theory is extended to high-temperature jets, up to a temperature ratio above that of present day commercial engines. The density gradient present in hot jets promotes the growth of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the jet mixing layer. This causes a higher level of turbulent mixing and stronger turbulence fluctuations. In addition, recent experiments reveal that the two-point space-time correlation function of turbulent mixing for hot jets is substantially different from that for cold jets. The eddy decay time is shorter, and the eddy size is slightly reduced. These changes have an appreciable impact on the noise radiated. In the present extended fine-scale turbulence theory, both effects are taken into account
Drug Delivery to the Eye: What Benefits do Nanocarriers offer? (2017)

Ocular drug delivery has seen several advances in the past few decades, with respect to new drugs, improved formulations, targeted delivery, as well as exploration of new routes of drug administration. New materials have been explored for encasing existing drugs, which can enhance treatment by increasing bioavailability, decreasing toxicity, providing better tissue adherence, targeted delivery as well as increased duration of action. The challenges and requirements are different for the anterior and posterior ocular segments. This review summarizes the recent advances in sustained ocular therapy, both to the anterior and posterior segments, which have been made possible, thanks to nanotechnology. We also discuss the distribution and fate of these nanocarriers themselves, postadministration, as well as clearance from ocular tissues.
Contribution of epididymal secretory proteins for spermatozoa maturation (2003)

The final stages of sperm differentiation occur outside the gonad and are not under the genomic control of germ cells. Only sequential interactions with the medium surrounding the sperm are believed to induce the final steps of spermatogenesis. The epididymis, a long tubule with very active secretory and reabsorption functions, is able to create sequential changes in the composition of luminal fluid throughout its length. The chronologies of the changes, which occur on/in the sperm with those in their surrounding environment, are described. Correlations between the highly regionalized epididymal activities and sperm characteristics linked to their survival and fertility potential are presented in this review.
Synthesis and Anti-Virus Activity of Some Nucleosides Analogues (1999)

New 3'-, 5'-, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (3a-g) and 3'-, 5'-thymidine (4a-i) analogues with amino acid and peptide residues were synthesized and evaluated for antiviral activity. The influence of long peptide chains, essential amino acids and the effect of this structural modification on the antiviral activity has been also reported. Three 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine derivatives containing glycyl-, glycyl-glycyl- and glycyl-glycyl-glycyl- residues (3a, 3b, 3c) showed a strong activity against the herpes virus PsRV and a moderate one vs. HSV-1. The corresponding thymidine analogues were considerably less effective, and only compounds 4d and 4h showed a borderline effect against PsRV.
Personalization of user profiles for content-based music retrieval based on relevance feedback (2003)

Numerous efforts on content-based music information retrieval have been presented in recent years. However, the object of such existing research is to retrieve a specific song from a large music database. In this research, we propose a music retrieval method which retrieves songs based on the user's musical preferences. This enables users to discover new songs which they are expected to like. Since music preferences are expected to be highly ambiguous, we propose the implementation of relevance feedback methods to improve the performance of our music information retrieval method. In order to reduce the burden of users to input learning data to the system, we also propose a method to generate user profiles based on genre preferences, and refinement of such profiles based on relevance feedback. Evaluation experiments are conducted based on a corpus of music data with user ratings. Results of these experiments prove the effectiveness of our method.
Tourette syndrome and the norepinephrine transporter gene: Results of a systematic mutation screening (1999)

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a complex inherited neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor and phonic tics. Involvement of central norepinephrine mechanisms is suggested by central norepinephrinic hyperactivity in patients with TS and by the therapeutic effects of the presynaptic alpha2-adrenergic agonist clonidine. The norepinephrine transporter gene (NET) was systematically screened by single-strand conformation analysis for genetic variants, including the whole coding region and adjacent exon-intron boundaries in 43 patients with TS and 46 healthy controls. We detected 12 DNA sequence variants, among them four missense mutations (Val69Ile, Thr99Ile, Va1245Ile, and Gly478Ser). The observed missense mutations may alter conformational rearrangements during gating of the transporter, assembly of subunits, and norepinephrine-specific uptake affinity. Allele frequency and genotype distribution of the genetic variants showed no differences between TS patients and controls. No mutation of likely functional significance was found that distinguished TS patients from healthy controls, indicating that genetic variants of the NET gene are not causally related to Tourette syndrome.
Causes of non-medication-induced nasogastric tube occlusion (1992)

In vitro simulation of nasogastric tube delivery of enteral formulas was used to study the mechanism and prevention of non-medication-induced nasogastric tube occlusion. Enteral nutrition products--Osmolite, Ensure, Vital High Nitrogen, and Vivonex T.E.N.--were placed in glass beakers and titrated with hydrochloric acid to determine the pH at which clotting would occur. Factors such as pH, protein content, viscosity, electrolyte composition, flow rate, and tube design were evaluated to determine their effects on coagulation of formula. Addition of simethicone emulsion and docusate sodium to the formulas and siliconization of the nasogastric tubes were studies for their effect on prevention of clog formation. Clumping began to occur at pH 4.6 (the isoelectric point for casein) for Ensure and Osmolite; addition of protein supplement did not change the pH at which coagulation occurred. Vital High Nitrogen and Vivonex T.E.N. formulations did not clump in the beakers. Ensure and Osmolite coagulated within 35 seconds at pH 4.6 or less and remained unchanged at pH greater than 6.0. Addition of sodium or calcium caseinate greatly increased the tendency of the formulas to coagulate. Viscosity of the formula increased markedly as pH decreased. Addition of electrolytes had no effect on precipitation or clumping. Slow or no flow rates within nasogastric tubes placed in simulated gastric juice decreased the pH and caused clumping of formulas within the tubes in a retrograde manner. Flow time or clog formation was not affected by the addition of simethicone or docusate sodium or siliconization of the nasogastric tube.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Clinical trials in nasopharyngeal carcinoma—past, present and future (2016)

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has an age-adjusted incidence for both sexes with greater frequency in some endemic regions, especially the southern China. Genetic, ethnic, environmental factors and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection might take part in the cause of the disease. Based on the understanding and research progresses, we have had a further step among the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Meanwhile, a numerous clinical trials aiming to pick out the most suitable therapeutic choice are carried on from past till now. The purpose of this review is to summarize therapeutic approaches from past RCTs, introduce hot topics at present, and explore the development trend in the future. Applying appropriate combining procedures of radiotherapy and chemotherapy with developments in gene therapy and immunotherapy, the outcomes in the future might be widely improved.
Comparison of pathological lesions on repeated renal biopsies in 73 patients with primary IgA glomerulonephritis: value of quantitative scoring and approach to final prognosis. (1990)

In order to improve our possibility of establishing a long-term prognosis in IgA nephritis, 73 patients out of a cohort of 282, followed over a mean period of 12 years at the same institution for an IgA nephritis, had a prospective second renal biopsy 5 years later. For all biopsies (RB1 and RB2), we developed a quantitative scoring for all elementary lesions with a glomerular, an interstitial, a tubular and a vascular index. The sum of these 4 indexes gave a global optical score (GOS). Pathological improvement on light microscopy (delta GOS less than or equal to -2) was noticed only in 3 patients (4%), stability (-2 less than delta GOS less than +2) in 30 patients (41%), mild deterioration (+2 less than or equal to GOS less than 5) in 23 patients (32%) and major progression (delta GOS greater than or equal to 5) in 17 patients (23%). We observed no pathological remission, even in the 14 patients with complete clinical remission. The pathological progression was characterized by an increase in all elementary lesions, mainly the tubulo-interstitial and vascular ones. By immunofluorescence mesangial IgA deposits remained stable with no disappearance; however, the number and intensity of vascular C3 deposits were significantly greater on RB2. Chronic renal failure (serum creatinine greater than 1.5 mg/dl) correlated best with major pathological progression and mainly with the progression of extraglomerular lesions. IgA nephritis is a slowly progressive disease with no pathological remission, and its evolution is characterized by progression of extraglomerular lesions, mainly vascular, which might play a major role in the ultimate development of chronic renal failure.
Violation of a Bell-Like Inequality in Neutron-Interferometer Experiments (2003)

We report an interferometric experiment with spin-1/2 neutrons to demonstrate the violation of a Bell-like inequality. The total wave function of neutrons is described by a tensor product Hilbert space. Appropriate combinations of the direction of the spin analysis and the position of the phase shifter allow to demonstrate the violation of the Bell-like inequality. The discussions are presented on the violation of the Bell-like inequality in terms of quantum contextuality and an entanglement-induced correlation in our experiment.
Symmetry Partition Sort (2007)

Abstract In this paper, we propose a useful replacement for quicksort‐style utility functions. The replacement is called Symmetry Partition Sort, the principle of which is similar to that of Proportion Extend Sort. The main characteristic of the new algorithm is that it always places partially sorted inputs (used as a basis for proportional extensions) at each end of an array when entering the partitioning routine. This is advantageous in speeding up the processing for partitioning. The library function we developed based on the new algorithm is more attractive than the Psort library function introduced in 2004 because of its simple implementation mechanism, clearer source code, and faster operation with a performance guarantee of O ( n log n ). Increased robustness and adaptivity also make it highly competitive as a library function. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
내시경적 점막 절제술 이후 발생한 후복막 농양 (2011)

배경: 최근 조기 대장암 치료에 있어서 내시경적 점막하 절제술이 증가 하고 있다. 대부분의 합병증은 출혈과 천공으로 이들은 내시경적으로 치료가 가능하나 복막염을 동반한 천공은 수술로 치료하기도 한다. 이에 본 저자들은 내시경 점막하 절제술 후 드물게 후복막 농양이 발생하여 치료한 경험을 보고하고자 한다. 증례: 환자는 유방암으로 진단 받고 수술 전 검사 시행 중 대장 내시경 상 직장에서 25 mm의 측방 발육형 종양(nodular mixed type)이 발견되었고, 조직 검사상 고도 이형성 선종(Tubular adneoma with high grade)소견으로 진단 되었다. 환자는 유방암으로 우측 변형 근치적 유방절제술 시행하였고, 17일 후 내시경적 점막하 절제술을 계획하였다. 박리 중에 작은 크기의 근육층이 육안으로 확인되었으며 거의 천공 직전의 상태로 클립으로 치료를 시행하였다. 시술 중에는 특별한 증상은 보이지 않았으나 시술 후 복통과 설사를 호소하여 단순 복부 촬영을 하였으나 천공의 소견 없어 금식을 시행하고 항생제 사용 하였다. 5일 후 증상 소실과 함께 혈액검사 정상 소견으로 퇴원하였다. 퇴원 9일 후 환자는 다시 복통으로 내원하여 체온이 37.9도, 이학적 검사상 아랫배에 압통이 관찰 되었다. 혈액검사상 백혈구 18800 IU/ml, 중성구 89.6%, CRP 17.75로 증가 되어 있었다. 컴퓨터 단층 촬영상 후복막으로 농양 소견이 보였으며 S상 결장경 검사에서는 농양과 연결은 보이지 않았다. 이 후 경피적 농양 배액술과 함께 항생제를 사용하였다. 19일 후 추적 컴퓨터 단층 촬영을 시행하여 농양은 소멸되어 배액관을 제거 후 다른 증상 없이 퇴원하였다. 고찰: 내시경적 점막하 절제술 시행 후 발생한 후복막 농양으로 드문 합병증으로 보고 되고 있다. 이 환자에 발생한 후복막 농양의 명확하지 않으나 시술 중 발생한 미세 천공에 인한 염증의 전파 그리고 시술과정에서 발생한 잦은 기구 주입 등으로 인한 오염 등을 생각 할 수 있다. 또한 술 후 발생한 염증 소견에서 충분한 항생제 치료가 되지 않아 추 후 농양이 발생 되었을 가능성이 있다. 따라서 시술 중에는 기구 등의 감염에 주의 하여야 하며 시술 후 합병증이 발생할 경우 충분한 치료가 이루어 져서 다른 질환의 발생에 주의 하여야 할 것이다.
Three cases of “spice” exposure (2011)

Spice products are new and abused for their psychogenic effects and mood alteration. These cases exhibited changes consistent with either an anticholinergic or sympathomimetic agent that resolved following general supportive care.
Crucial points in perpendicular recording (1984)

Since the introduction of perpendicular recording on a floppy disc by IWASAKI in 1977 and its equivalent design on a rigid disc (SPH-like sensor + double-layer medium) in 1981, many tests have been carried out on different R/W sensors. For each test the main goal was the fci record or the improvement of the magnetic layer. Seen from the recording system point of view, the head and the medium are looked at as a unit through a specification, unchanging with increasing area density. For example, a minimum of 26 dB and 70 % must be achieved for the S/N ratio and the resolution respectively. By considering the noise of the best electronic channel (with a thin film head), and ignoring mechanical and medium noises, the output signal must be at least 250 μv pop. For a 50 Kfci application, however, a sensor does not yet exist. Using a ferrite head with a 1.2 μm gap length to write on FeTbGd, the level of the signal will not be high enough to be used. It is improved with a 0.6 μm gap head but then, the field doesn't allow us to write ! Such problems exist also with thin film heads or SPH like sensors on rigid discs. To improve the R/W process, the trend is to use a double layer medium e.g. CrCo/FeNi. The results show that this direction is not necessarily the best. For example, when erasing or over-writing with the head, some domains appear in the FeNi film which create noise from the track or its edge. Another example is the fact that the optimum parameters for a medium such as CrCo are not always compatible with the characteristics of the head (i.e. H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> , the thickness, the crystallographic orientation, the bit stability compared to the write field, the signal, the noise...).
Molecular Basis of Fructose Utilization by the Wine Yeast<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>: a Mutated<i>HXT3</i>Allele Enhances Fructose Fermentation (2007)

Fructose utilization by wine yeasts is critically important for the maintenance of a high fermentation rate at the end of alcoholic fermentation. A Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeast able to ferment grape must sugars to dryness was found to have a high fructose utilization capacity. We investigated the molecular basis of this enhanced fructose utilization capacity by studying the properties of several hexose transporter (HXT) genes. We found that this wine yeast harbored a mutated HXT3 allele. A functional analysis of this mutated allele was performed by examining expression in an hxt1-7Delta strain. Expression of the mutated allele alone was found to be sufficient for producing an increase in fructose utilization during fermentation similar to that observed in the commercial wine yeast. This work provides the first demonstration that the pattern of fructose utilization during wine fermentation can be altered by expression of a mutated hexose transporter in a wine yeast. We also found that the glycolytic flux could be increased by overexpression of the mutant transporter gene, with no effect on fructose utilization. Our data demonstrate that the Hxt3 hexose transporter plays a key role in determining the glucose/fructose utilization ratio during fermentation.
The effect of group counseling on educable mentally retarded boys' self concepts. (1969)

The effects of group counseling on the self concepts of young educable mentally handicapped boys were studied, along with the variables of anxiety, deportment and achievement in reading and arithme...
Assessment of TFT amplifiers for a-Si:H PIXEL particle detectors (1990)

The application of thin-film electronics technology to making a signal amplifier and readout circuit for amorphous silicon pixel particle detectors which can detect minimum ionizing particles has been investigated. Characteristics of currently available TFTs (thin film transistors) are reviewed, and preliminary designs of a-Si:H and poly-Si amplifiers for a 300- mu m*300- mu m pixel array are proposed. Based on the measurement of small signal parameters and the noise spectrum of individual a-Si:H and poly-Si TFTs, the overall gain, time-response and signal-to-noise ratio are calculated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Survival of ram spermatozoa at high dilution: protective effect of simple constituents of culture media as compared with seminal plasma (1994)

During incubation of ram spermatozoa at 1 x 10(7) cells mL-1 or less in a simple HEPES-buffered saline medium, high levels of cell death were detected using propidium iodide as a probe of viability (membrane integrity): some 70% of the cells died during 3 h incubation at 37 degrees C. Because the conditions of incubation were similar to those encountered during manipulations for in vitro fertilization, this phenomenon was investigated further. If ram spermatozoa were diluted in an equivalent sucrose-based medium, or if the saline medium was supplemented with 10% seminal plasma, survival was greatly improved (only 5-15% died during a 3-h incubation at 37 degrees C); the protective effect of seminal plasma resided in a 5-10 kDa fraction. Sperm death in the basal saline medium was strongly dependent on cell concentration below 5 x 10(7) spermatozoa mL-1 whereas little effect of concentration was seen in the sucrose medium or in the presence of seminal plasma. The presence of Ca2+ (2 mM), EGTA (1 mM) or mercaptoethanol (1 mM) enhanced sperm survival in saline medium, but no effect was gained by replacing NaCl with KCl, and neither BSA nor fetal calf serum were beneficial. However, when a combination of pyruvate (1 mM), lactate (21.7 mM), Mg2+ (0.4 mM), phosphate (0.3 mM) and Ca2+ (2 mM) was included in the saline medium (to render it similar to Tyrode's medium), cell survival was greatly improved (12% died during the 3-h incubation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)