gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of intensive chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia associated with a preleukemic syndrome. (1989)

One hundred ninety-six patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) were treated with intensive induction chemotherapy using similar daunorubicin/cytarabine/thioguanine regimens. Treatment results of 44 patients who had a documented preleukemic syndrome or cytopenia present for more than 2 months before developing over AML were compared with 152 patients with de novo AML. Eighteen (41%) patients with preleukemia evolving into AML achieved complete remission compared with 111 (73%) patients with de novo AML (P less than .01). Patients with preleukemia-AML had a significantly longer period to recovery of granulocytes. Multivariate analysis indicated that presence of a previous preleukemic syndrome and advancing age were independent poor prognostic indicators for achieving remission. For patients who achieved remission, disease-free survival and overall survival were also inferior for patients with previous preleukemia; disease-free survival was 17 +/- 17% at 3 years compared with 29 +/- 10% in patients with de novo AML (P = .02). These data indicate that intensive chemotherapy has limited efficacy in patients with AML following a preleukemic syndrome. Durable remissions may be achieved in some patients.
Comparative Biochemistry and Drug Design for Infectious Disease (1979)

In the past two decades, biochemistry and molecular biology have demonstrated the existence of potentially exploitable biochemical differences between etiologic agents of disease and their hosts. Known differences between organism and host with respect to metabolism and polymer structure point to the detailed characterization of key proteins as the focus for the development of potential inhibitors. In the last decade, the methodology of the isolation, characterization, and inactivation of proteins and enzymes has been advanced. The present scientific and technological base suggests that new efforts toward the development of selective chemotherapeutic agents for infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and higher eukaryotes should exploit the known differences in proteins or other specific biopolymers serving crucial structural or metabolic roles in the economy of the parasite.
REJECTION RESPONSES TO ALLOGENEIC HEPATOCYTES BY RECONSTITUTED SCID MICE, CD4 KO, AND CD8 KO MICE1,2 (2000)

These studies show that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (but not host NTC) can independently initiate the rejection of allogeneic hepatocytes. While hepatocyte rejection by isolated CD4+ T cells is not surprising, rejection by CD8+ T cells (in the absence of CD4+ T cells) was unusual, and may explain the failure of "standard" immunosuppressive regimens to suppress acute rejection of allogeneic hepatocytes, as noted in prior studies. Furthermore, NK cells do not appear to be required for either CD4+ T cell or CD8+ T cell initiated hepatocyte rejection.
Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis of myelin and oligodendroglial proteins solubilized by a mixture of tetramethylurea and dimethylethyleneurea (1983)

Abstract A method is introduced which allows the solubilization of membrane proteins for isoelectric focusing without prior use of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Desalted and lyophilized samples of myelin and oligodendroglial membrane proteins are readily dissolved in a mixture of tetramethylurea and dimethylethyleneurea containing lysis medium. Subsequent isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels reveals that the major portion of the myelin proteins focus at a rather alkaline pH. At least 6 components of the myelin basic protein can be distinguished, demonstrating its heterogeneity. Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis reveals that the protein composition of myelin appears to be more complex than previously stated.
The Economic Cost of Sleep Disorders (2006)

The direct and indirect costs of sleep disorders are high. The total financial costs (independent of the cost of suffering) of dollar 4524 million represents 0.8% of Australian gross domestic product. The cost of suffering of dollar 2970 million is 1.4% of the total burden of disease in Australia.
Automatic threshold selection for multi-class open set recognition (2017)

Multi-class open set recognition is the problem of supervised classification with additional unknown classes encountered after a model has been trained. An open set classifer often has two core components. The first component is a base classifier which estimates the most likely class of a given example. The second component consists of open set logic which estimates if the example is truly a member of the candidate class. Such a system is operated in a feed-forward fashion. That is, a candidate label is first estimated by the base classifier, and the true membership of the example to the candidate class is estimated afterward. Previous works have developed an iterative threshold selection algorithm for rejecting examples from classes which were not present at training time. In those studies, a Platt-calibrated SVM was used as the base classifier, and the thresholds were applied to class posterior probabilities for rejection. In this work, we investigate the effectiveness of other base classifiers when paired with the threshold selection algorithm and compare their performance with the original SVM solution.
Japan's security in a multipolar world (1972)

(1972). Japan's security in a multipolar world. The Adelphi Papers: Vol. 12, East Asia and the World System. Part II: The Regional Powers Papers from the IISS 14th Annual Conference, pp. 21-29.
Reduced Cerebellar Hemisphere Size and Its Relationship to Vermal Hypoplasia in Autism (1989)

Cerebellar hemisphere size was calculated in 10 autistic and 8 normal control subjects by summing the cross-sectional areas of cerebellar hemisphere tissue measured on paramidline sagittal magnetic resonance images. The areas of two cerebellar vermal regions (lobules I through V and lobules VI through VII) were also measured using the midsagittal image. Our cumulative slice area measure of cerebellar hemisphere size was significantly smaller in the autistic subjects than in the control group. The cumulative slice area correlated positively with the area of vermal lobules VI through VII only in the autistic subjects. Our results indicated that the decreased size of the cerebellar hemispheres and vermal lobules VI through VII was associated with autism.
46.2: Optical System of Ultra‐Thin Rear Projector Equipped with Refractive‐Reflective Projection Optics (2002)

Abstract An ultra‐thin DLP™ rear projector composed of a refractive‐reflective projection optics and an off‐axis hybrid screen has been designed. The projection optics has extraordinarily large projection angle of 136 degrees with very low distortion, which is also applicable for a video‐wall monitor as well as a stand‐alone display. Results of prototype projection systems using the technology will be presented.
Flux Coupling Analysis of Genome-Scale Metabolic Network Reconstructions (2004)

In this paper, we introduce the Flux Coupling Finder (FCF) framework for elucidating the topological and flux connectivity features of genome-scale metabolic networks. The framework is demonstrated on genome-scale metabolic reconstructions of Helicobacter pylori, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The analysis allows one to determine whether any two metabolic fluxes, v(1) and v(2), are (1) directionally coupled, if a non-zero flux for v(1) implies a non-zero flux for v(2) but not necessarily the reverse; (2) partially coupled, if a non-zero flux for v(1) implies a non-zero, though variable, flux for v(2) and vice versa; or (3) fully coupled, if a non-zero flux for v(1) implies not only a non-zero but also a fixed flux for v(2) and vice versa. Flux coupling analysis also enables the global identification of blocked reactions, which are all reactions incapable of carrying flux under a certain condition; equivalent knockouts, defined as the set of all possible reactions whose deletion forces the flux through a particular reaction to zero; and sets of affected reactions denoting all reactions whose fluxes are forced to zero if a particular reaction is deleted. The FCF approach thus provides a novel and versatile tool for aiding metabolic reconstructions and guiding genetic manipulations.
Conserved nucleosome positioning defines replication origins (2010)

The origin recognition complex (ORC) specifies replication origin location. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORC recognizes the ARS (autonomously replicating sequence) consensus sequence (ACS), but only a subset of potential genomic sites are bound, suggesting other chromosomal features influence ORC binding. Using high-throughput sequencing to map ORC binding and nucleosome positioning, we show that yeast origins are characterized by an asymmetric pattern of positioned nucleosomes flanking the ACS. The origin sequences are sufficient to maintain a nucleosome-free origin; however, ORC is required for the precise positioning of nucleosomes flanking the origin. These findings identify local nucleosomes as an important determinant for origin selection and function.
Darstellung eines reinen monomeren formaldehyds durch acidolytische depolymerisation von Trioxan. 22. Mitt. über polyoxymethylene<sup>1</sup> (1964)

Abstract Trioxan wird mit nahezu quantitativem Umsatz kontinuierlich in einem Stickstoffstrom bei 200°C an einem Pyrophosphorsäure‐Kontakt zu monomerem Formaldehyd depolymerisiert. Durch Vorpolymerisation von ca. 5% des gasförmigen Formaldehyds werden die geringfügigen Verunreinigungen wie Methylformiat, Wasser und unumgesetztes Trioxan entfernt, so daß das restliche Monomere eine Reinheit von mindestens 99,98% besitzt. Lösungen dieses Formaldehyds in Toluol oder Diäthyläther zeigen zwischen –78 und –50°C eine sehr gute Haltbarkeit.
Near infrared spectroscopy measurement of sacral tissue oxygenation saturation (StO2) in healthy volunteers immobilized on spine boards (2009)

Paper presented to the 5th Annual Symposium on Graduate Research and Scholarly Projects (GRASP) held at the Hughes Metropolitan Complex, Wichita State University, May 1, 2009.
Experimental and Theoretical Evidence for a Concerted Catalysis by Water Clusters in the Hydrolysis of Isocyanates (1998)

A kinetic and mechanistic investigation of the catalyzed hydration of isocyanates was undertaken. Both experimental and theoretical results showed that the hydrolysis reaction involves a chain of water molecules. The detailed hydration mechanism by water and water clusters (H-N=C=O + n(H(2)O) --> H(2)NCOOH + (n - 1)H(2)O, n = 1-3) has been modeled by ab initio methods, both in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. While two water molecules in the form of a dimer seem to play the key role in hydrating the isocyanate, a third water molecule may be needed to bridge the gap from the point of attack on the isocyanate to the water dimer and to facilitate further the hydration. In accordance with these facts, experimental results imply a second-order dependence on water during its nucleophilic addition to phenyl isocyanate, over a wide concentration range. In this specific case, water oligomers higher than the dimer seem to make no appreciable contribution to the rate of the hydrolysis reaction. The nucleophilic addition occurs in a concerted way across the N=C bond of the isocyanate rather than across the C=O bond. This preferential reaction mechanism could be rationalized in terms of Fukui functions for both nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks. Although a charge separation occurs in the transition state, electrostatic solvent effects are not quite important in reducing only marginally the energy barriers.
Windows and interpolation algorithms to improve electrical measurement accuracy (1989)

An FFT-based measurement technique, which can be easily used to determine accurately the frequency, amplitude, and phase of all the harmonic and interharmonic components of a distorted signal, is examined. Suitable windows and interpolation algorithms are examined in order to reduce undesirable effects due to spectral leakage caused by a sampling process that is not synchronized. Several results concerning the application of different windows on a set of simulated signals are compared to verify the capability of the proposed procedure. The influence of the noise is examined to study the filtering properties of the weighting functions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Calcium signaling is required for ultrasound‐stimulated aggrecan synthesis by rat chondrocytes (2002)

Low-intensity ultrasound accelerates fracture healing in humans. In rat femur fracture models, ultrasound advanced healing is associated with increased proteoglycan expression. Here we report that ultrasound stimulation of primary rat chondrocytes elevated the intracellular concentration of calcium [Ca2+]i. The [Ca2+]i increase was rapid and transient at lower pressures (175-320 kPa), but rapid and sustained at higher ultrasound exposures (350-500 kPa). Chelating internal [Ca2+]i with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N-N-N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA-AM), stopping the Ca2+/ATP-ase induced mitochondrial release of [Ca2+]i with Thapsigargin, or removing [Ca2+]i from the medium with EGTA inhibited the stimulatory effects of ultrasound on proteoglycan synthesis. These results imply that ultrasound-stimulated synthesis of cell matrix proteoglycan, associated with accelerated fracture healing, is mediated by intracellular calcium signaling.
Constituents and Properties of Ammoniated Slurry From Wet-process Phosphoric Acid (1972)

Abstract A large amount of gel-like substance is formed during the ammoniation of wet-process phosphoric acid and affects the production of phosphate fertilizers. The authors have found that the main constituent of the gel-like substance is a compound “S” whose composition has been determined to be (Al,Fe)NH4HF2PO4. Several other compounds, Fe3NH4H8(PO4)6·6H2O, (Fe,Al)NH4H2(PO4)2·1/2H2O, Fe(NH4)2H2F(PO4)2·xH2O, (NH4)3AlF6, gelatinous silica, etc., are also formed during the ammoniation and curing of the ammoniated slurry, depending upon pH, atomic ratio of F/(Al+Fe) and temperature. Tests also were made on the properties of the ammoniated slurry; solubility, viscosity, filterability, and the rate of sedimentation. It has been found that the properties vary with the formation of the above compounds. A high-temperature modification of (NH4)2HPO4 which is stable above 155°C has been newly found during the tests.
Parking assistance using multi-camera infrastructure (2005)

Parking assistance, one of ITS technologies, by various methods has been studied in various places. In the near future, as infrastructures are improving, we propose other ways of parking assistance in the HIR (human-oriented information restructuring) system, which assists driver's visual sense by integrating and restructuring different kinds of information. Parking assist we propose use multi-camera infrastructure. At first, we actually experimented parking assist using a single camera infrastructure in actual world, and confirmed the effectiveness of it. So, We considered what type of information the system gives the driver to make it easy to park, and experimented, and we show some experimental result.
Beta-NADH decreases the permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane to ADP by a factor of 6. (1994)

Mitochondria with intact outer membrane (99% intact based on cytochrome c impermeability) were isolated and used to measure the permeability of their outer membrane to ADP. beta-NADH reduced the permeability in a concentration-dependent manner (KD = 87 +/- 5 microM) by a factor of 6. alpha-NADH and beta-NAD+ cannot mimic the action of beta-NADH. The mitochondrial outer membranes become rate-limiting in the presence of beta-NADH at low, physiologically relevant, ADP concentrations (< 30 microM). beta-NADH has been shown to increase the voltage dependence of VDAC (a major pathway for metabolite transport across the outer membrane) in a reconstituted system and this may be the way it acts on the isolated mitochondria. Inhibition of beta-NADH dehydrogenases does not inhibit the action of beta-NADH indicating that it is not acting by delivering reducing equivalents. The ability of beta-NADH, produced by glycolysis, to inhibit mitochondrial function by reducing the permeability of the outer membrane may be one pathway responsible for the Crabtree effect.
Effect of C18 surface coverage on selectivity in reversed-phase liquid chromatography of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of C18 surface coverage on selectivity in reversed-phase liquid chromatography of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsStephen A. Wise and Willie E. MayCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 9, 1479–1485Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00260a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00260a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views241Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rethinking how family researchers model infrequent outcomes: A tutorial on count regression and zero-inflated models. (2007)

Marital and family researchers often study infrequent behaviors. These powerful psychological variables, such as abuse, criticism, and drug use, have important ramifications for families and society as well as for the statistical models used to study them. Most researchers continue to rely on ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression for these types of data, but estimates and inferences from OLS regression can be seriously biased for count data such as these. This article presents a tutorial on statistical methods for positively skewed event data, including Poisson, negative binomial, zero-inflated Poisson, and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models. These statistical methods are introduced through a marital commitment example, and the data and computer code to run the example analyses in R, SAS, SPSS, and Mplus are included in the online supplemental material. Extensions and practical advice are given to assist researchers in using these tools with their data.
POWER8 design methodology innovations for improving productivity and reducing power (2014)

The design complexity of modern high performance processors calls for innovative design methodologies for achieving time-to-market goals. New design techniques are also needed to curtail power increases that inherently arise from ever increasing performance targets. This paper describes new design approaches employed by the POWER8 processor design team to address complexity and power consumption challenges. Improvements in productivity are attained by leveraging a new and more synthesis-centric design methodology. New optimization strategies for synthesized macros allow power reduction without sacrificing performance. These methodology innovations contributed to the industry leading performance of the POWER8 processor. Overall, POWER8 delivers a 2.5x increase in per-socket performance over its predecessor, POWER7+, while maintaining the same power dissipation.
Long term comparison of two fiber based frequency comb systems (2005)

Mode-locked erbium-doped fiber lasers are ideal comb generators for optical frequency metrology. We compare two fiber frequency combs by measuring an optical frequency independently with both combs and comparing their results. The two frequency measurements agree within 6x10-16. This is to our knowledge the first direct comparison between two fiber based frequency combs.
Quantitation of Δ<sup>9</sup>-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Its Metabolites in Human Urine by Probability Based Matching GC/MS (1979)

Two independent research groups at our hospital have pursued the development of analytical methodology for THC and its metabolites in urine. One group, under L. E. Hollister, has directed its efforts primarily toward fractioning the in vivo THC metabolites by solvent partitioning and by TLC. The other group, under I. S. Forrest and D. E. Green, has been concerned with the development of an automated GC/MS quantitative procedure. Five years ago both groups began using a multistep procedure for fractionating urinary THC metabolites according to their polarities and acidities utilizing manipulations of solvents and/or pH as seen in Figure 1 (1). This scheme can quantitatively extract all of the radioactivity from 14C-THC-dosed Rhesus monkey urine, either hydrolyzed or unhydrolyzed. It separates the metabolic products derived from enzyme hydrolyzed specimens into one major fraction -- containing about half of the total quantity of metabolic material -- and four small, approximately equal,
Ultra-low power anti-crosstalk collision avoidance light detection and ranging using chaotic pulse position modulation approach (2016)

A novel concept of collision avoidance single-photon light detection and ranging (LIDAR) for vehicles has been demonstrated, in which chaotic pulse position modulation is applied on the transmitted laser pulses for robust anti-crosstalk purposes. Besides, single-photon detectors (SPD) and time correlated single photon counting techniques are adapted, to sense the ultra-low power used for the consideration of compact structure and eye safety. Parameters including pulse rate, discrimination threshold, and number of accumulated pulses have been thoroughly analyzed based on the detection requirements, resulting in specified receiver operating characteristics curves. Both simulation and indoor experiments were performed to verify the excellent anti-crosstalk capability of the presented collision avoidance LIDAR despite ultra-low transmitting power.
Optical Spectroscopy in Reactive Sputter Etching and Its Application to Process Control (1981)

Optical emission spectra in the reactive sputter etching (RSE) of Si, SiO 2 and Si 3 N 4 have been investigated using a spectrometer with a collimating system. Emission lines of Si, F, CN and N 2 reflecting the reaction products in the RSE of Si 3 N 4 were observed. From the dependence of these lines on the etching conditions, the active species in RSE was found to be not F radicals, but CF x ions. The applicability of these lines for use as the end point monitor was also investigated. In addition, the plasma gas temperature was determined by rotational analysis of plasma etching and RSE in C 2 F 6 gas mixed with O 2 or C 2 H 4 gas.
Interactive robot theatre (2003)

Engaging a human audience through sight, sound, scent, and touch while following a loosely constrained storyline, the Public Anemone and fellow autonomous characters are let loose to entertain---sociably.