gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactions between antifungal and antiretroviral agents (2010)

Azole antifungal drugs, with the exception of fluconazole, pose the greatest risk of two-way interactions with antiretroviral drugs through CYP450 enzymes effects. Limited studies suggest the risk of interactions between antiretroviral drugs and echinocandins is much lower. The combination of tenofovir and amphotericin B should be used with caution and close monitoring of renal function is required.
Design and Development of a Breath Acetone MOS Sensor for Ketogenic Diets Control (2009)

The design of a handy and noninvasive measurement of acetone in the human breath, which is useful for ketosis monitoring and control, by means of MOS sensors is reported. For this aim, highly sensitive resistive sensors in thick film configuration, fabricated depositing sensing layers of In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and Pt-In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nanopowders by screen-printing, have been developed. The devices were calibrated using standard gases in the laboratory, showing high sensitivity and a linear response in the range of acetone concentration investigated (1-100 ppm). The results obtained indicate that MOS sensors based on Pt-In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nanopowders are promising as fast and quantifiable means of determining acetone in the breath, posing the advantages of real time measurements and low costs devices for the control of ketogenic diets.
PML: A tumor suppressor that regulates cell fate in mammary gland (2009)

The tumor suppressor promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is possibly unique in that its tumor suppressive functions may be attributed to both the protein and the conspicuous nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) that PML builds. Untangling the role of either the protein or its domain in cell fate has been a decade long task which has just received new impetus from developmental biologists. PML appears to play a central role in regulating stem and progenitor cell fate in tissues as diverse as blood, brain and breast. Our studies have uncovered an inverse relationship between the activity of certain Stat transcription factors and PML in controlling normal mammary gland development and the regulation of lineage commitment. Genetic loss of Pml delays differentiation of the milk-producing alveolar cells and disrupts ductal development, defects which may result from a skewing of the progenitor population to favor estrogen receptor positive cells (ERalpha). This is of considerable interest as ERalpha cells are non-cycling in normal breast while promiscuous cell cycle entry is a feature of these cells in breast cancer. These data begin to show the cell types and tissues that are most sensitive to PML dose and provide new perspectives for the regulation of mammary gland development and tumorigenesis.
Experimental Investigation of Silica Fume as a Cement Extender for Liner Cementing in Iranian Oil/Gas Wells (2010)

Silica fume is a by-product of silicon metal or ferrosilicon alloys in smelters using electric arc furnaces. It consists of 85% to 95% amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2). Each individual particle of silica fume is spherical with average diameter 0.15-0.3 μm (100 times finer than cement particle); therefore its specific surface area is high. Silica fume particles are water wet and absorb excess water in cement slurry when cement slurry is extended by water. Silica fume thickens the cement slurry, so rheological properties are controlled by dispersants. In this paper, optimal concentration of silica fume and other additives for preparing 90 pcf cement slurry for liner cementing in one Iranian oilfield is determined. The criteria of designing slurry formulation are slurry density, rheological properties, fluid loss, free water, thickening time of cement slurry, and compressive strength and permeability of set cement. Finally, based on experimental results, the preferable slurry compositions are selected. This formulation can be used for cementing of oil and gas wells where moderate and light weight cement density is needed.
Folding Paper-Based Lithium-Ion Batteries for Higher Areal Energy Densities (2013)

Paper folding techniques are used in order to compact a Li-ion battery and increase its energy per footprint area. Full cells were prepared using Li4Ti5O12 and LiCoO2 powders deposited onto current collectors consisting of paper coated with carbon nanotubes. Folded cells showed higher areal capacities compared to the planar versions with a 5 × 5 cell folded using the Miura-ori pattern displaying a ~14× increase in areal energy density.
Supercritical fluid chromatographic determination of hydrocarbon groups in gasolines and middle distillate fuels (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupercritical fluid chromatographic determination of hydrocarbon groups in gasolines and middle distillate fuelsRobert M. Campbell, Nebojsa M. Djordjevic, Karin E. Markides, and Milton L. LeeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 4, 356–362Publication Date (Print):February 15, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00155a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00155a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High power LIGA wobble motors for arterial plaque removal (1996)

The construction of a LIGA fabricated actuator is shown. Rotor positional information is provided by segmenting the bearing, where the momentary continuity between adjacent segments is detected as the rotor rolls around the perimeter of the bearing. To minimise the number of additional connections, the bearing segments are connected in two sets, with adjacent segments in different sets. Given a known starting position, the rotor motion can therefore be tracked. Using this method, the actuator can be excited with synchronous signals without introducing excessive complexity to the actuator or controller. The prototype devices are 300 microns tall with the rotor and stator fabricated separately and assembled manually. The stator outside diameter is 2600 microns and gear ratios of 228 and 114 and minimum rotor stator air gaps of 5 and 10 microns have been produced. A patterned sacrificial titanium layer was used to create undercuts to pass the connections from contact pads to the bearing segments and the inner stator. (3 pages)
Car driver skills assessment based on driving postures recognition (2012)

Recent developments of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) technologies allow for a natural integration of car drivers in their vehicle environments. Using a driving assisting system based on HCI interfaces novice drivers can interact naturally in various driving situations and they can develop skills and abilities. One of the novelties of our on-going driving assistant project is represented by a multi-tracking HCI system based on a set of markerless sensors. In this paper we present how the proposed system enables us to recognize novice driver postures in various driving situations. Unlike previous approaches we do not consider body postures alone, but in relation with the following cues: eyes and head dynamics and contextual environmental information, i.e., states of the car and traffic information about driving situations. We built a rule-based expert system for driving posture detection that uses inputs from the data fusion of sensors. By analyzing the sequence of postures we can assess if the novice drivers maneuvers are performed in a correct manner and order, in relation to the car driving skills. The feasibility of the proposed system is verified through experiments. Results show that driver postures are recognized with an average of 96.43% accuracy and that car driver skills are enhanced using the proposed system.
Cytotoxic effects of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and 6-thioguanine in vitro on granulocytic progenitor cells. (1976)

We have utilized an in vitro clonogenic assay of mouse and human marrow granulocytic progenitor cells to determine the cytotoxic effects on granulopoiesis of the chemotherapeutic agents 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) and 6-thioguanine. Concentration- and time-dependent decrements to plateau levels of granulocytic colony-forming capacity occurred. The sequence of drug administration was important and synergistic cytotoxicity was noted when certain schedules of ara-C and 6-thioguanine combinations were used. Endotoxin-stimulated colony-forming cells had increased sensitivity to the in vitro ara-C exposure. High or intermittent doses of ara-C demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity when short exposure times (1 to 8 hr) were utilized, whereas low doses were markedly cytotoxic with prolonged exposure (10 days). Normal and leukemic human colony-forming cells had similar susceptibility to the cytotoxic effects of ara-C. Exposure of granulocytic precursors to these drugs in vitro produced effects similar to those previously reported with in vivo drug administration. These techniques appear applicable for providing improved screening models to evaluate chemotherapeutic regimens for clinical use.
Stimulation of the dithiol-dependent reductases in the vitamin K cycle by the thioredoxin system. Strong synergistic effects with protein disulphide-isomerase (1992)

It has been shown previously that the thioredoxin system (thioredoxin + thioredoxin reductase + NADPH) may replace dithiothreitol (DTT) as a cofactor for vitamin KO and K reductase in salt-washed detergent-solubilized bovine liver microsomes. Here we demonstrate that the system can be improved further by adding protein disulphide-isomerase (PDI) to the components mentioned above. Moreover, NADPH may be replaced by reduced RNAase as a hydrogen donor. In our in vitro system the various protein cofactors were required at concentrations 2-5 orders of magnitude lower than that of DDT, whereas the maximal reaction rate was about 3-fold higher. PDI stimulated the thioredoxin-driven reaction about 10-fold, with an apparent Km value of 8 microM. These data suggest that in the vitro system the formation of disulphide bonds is somehow linked to the vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of glutamate residues. In vivo, both disulphide formation and vitamin K-dependent carboxylation are post-translational modifications taking place at the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum of mammalian secretory cells. The possibility that the reactions are also coupled in vivo is discussed.
Phase Ib study of anti-CSF-1R antibody emactuzumab in combination with CD40 agonist selicrelumab in advanced solid tumor patients (2020)

NCT02760797.
Airborne GMTI using MIMO techniques (2010)

The performance of a ground moving target indicator (GMTI) radar is strongly driven by the length of the radar aperture, as longer apertures enable lower minimum detectable velocity (MDV) and better target geolocation. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques can enable the use of long sparse array geometries while avoiding the adverse sidelobe effects typical of such arrays. In 2009 an experiment was conducted at Ft. Devens, MA to collect MIMO GMTI data on instrumented ground targets. A reconfigurable S-band antenna array was programmed to transmit both conventional single-input multiple-output (SIMO) and MIMO waveforms. Analysis of the data indicates improved detection performance with the MIMO techniques compared to the conventional SIMO approach.
Applications of nanodiamonds for separation and purification of proteins (2004)

Recombinant apoobelin and recombinant luciferase are separated from bacterial cells of Escherichia coli with the use of detonation nanodiamonds. The application of nanodiamonds has a number of points in its favor, namely, (i) simplifies the procedures for purifying the proteins, (ii) decreases the time of their separation to 30–40 min, (iii) eliminates the necessity of using special chromatographic equipment, and (iv) makes it possible to prepare high-purity apoobelin and luciferase materials with protein yields of 35–45 and 45–60%, respectively. The possible mechanisms of interaction of protein molecules and nanodiamond particles are analyzed.
Matrix metalloproteinases, angiogenesis, and cancer: commentary re: A. C. Lockhart et al., Reduction of wound angiogenesis in patients treated with BMS-275291, a broad spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. Clin. Cancer Res., 9: 00-00, 2003. (2003)

The MMPs2 are a family of zinc-containing endopeptidases that degrade various components of the ECM. A number of MMPs have been strongly implicated in multiple stages of cancer progression including the acquisition of invasive and metastatic properties. Thus, efforts have been made for the past 20
Hot or not: Revealing hidden services by their clock skew (2006)

Location-hidden services, as offered by anonymity systems such as Tor, allow servers to be operated under a pseudonym. As Tor is an overlay network, servers hosting hidden services are accessible both directly and over the anonymous channel. Traffic patterns through one channel have observable effects on the other, thus allowing a service's pseudonymous identity and IP address to be linked. One proposed solution to this vulnerability is for Tor nodes to provide fixed quality of service to each connection, regardless of other traffic, thus reducing capacity but resisting such interference attacks. However, even if each connection does not influence the others, total throughput would still affect the load on the CPU, and thus its heat output. Unfortunately for anonymity, the result of temperature on clock skew can be remotely detected through observing timestamps. This attack works because existing abstract models of anonymity-network nodes do not take into account the inevitable imperfections of the hardware they run on. Furthermore, we suggest the same technique could be exploited as a classical covert channel and can even provide geolocation.
Hierarchical Dirichlet model for document classification (2005)

The proliferation of text documents on the web as well as within institutions necessitates their convenient organization to enable efficient retrieval of information. Although text corpora are frequently organized into concept hierarchies or taxonomies, the classification of the documents into the hierarchy is expensive in terms human effort. We present a novel and simple hierarchical Dirichlet generative model for text corpora and derive an efficient algorithm for the estimation of model parameters and the unsupervised classification of text documents into a given hierarchy. The class conditional feature means are assumed to be inter-related due to the hierarchical Bayesian structure of the model. We show that the algorithm provides robust estimates of the classification parameters by performing smoothing or regularization. We present experimental evidence on real web data that our algorithm achieves significant gains in accuracy over simpler models.
Electrodynamics of midlatitude spread <i>F</i> 3. Electrohydrodynamic waves? A new look at the role of electric fields in thermospheric wave dynamics (1997)

The study of atmospheric tides has long recognized the importance of electrodynamic or ohmic losses, in the form of forces, on the strength of winds in the Earth's upper atmosphere. Now, recent observations of ionospheric and atmospheric phenomena (particularly, but not exclusively, at midlatitudes) are suggesting that electrodynamic processes may also be important for atmospheric buoyancy waves with periods as short as a few hours. During the daytime, passive ohmic losses may be responsible for a strong azimuthal filtering of buoyancy waves which limits their propagation in the upper atmosphere to near equatorward where there is a minimum of the drag. At night, the active development of plasma instabilities, whose growth rate is also strongly azimuthally dependent, may not only minimize ion drag but may also feed energy into particular buoyancy waves to counteract the nighttime's enhanced molecular and thermal dissipation, thus creating a strong equatorward and westward orientation to observed traveling ionospheric disturbances. In all, the strength of the apparent coupling between buoyancy waves and ionospheric electrodynamics in the upper atmosphere may suggest the classification and study of a new form of electrohydrodynamic waves.
Enhanced nucleation of oxide precipitates during Czochralski silicon crystal growth with nitrogen doping (2000)

Thermal stability of oxide precipitate nuclei has been investigated for Czochralski silicon crystals with nitrogen doping. The experimental result indicates that generation of the grown-in oxide precipitate nuclei stable over 800 °C is enhanced by nitrogen doping. On the other hand, even though we confirmed this existence, doped nitrogen shows no influence on further oxide precipitate nucleation during the isothermal annealing at 600 °C after an epitaxial silicon growth process. Thus, it is found that the nitrogen doping only enhances the oxide precipitate nucleation at higher temperature during crystal cooling. The enhanced precipitate nucleation during the cooling is considered to be through excess vacancies which are suppressed to agglomerate by nitrogen.
Color TV System for Inspection of Hot Slabs under Slabbing (1978)

A color TV system for inspection of hot slabs has been developed. The system consists of a color TV camera with a mechanical shutter, video disk recorders, and color monitors.A hot slab under slabbing is shot to be composed of five pictures, and the video disk recorders record the five pictures of the slab. These pictures are simultaneously displayed on five large color monitors. The inspector can easily see surface flaws on the still enlarged pictures.This system has been installed in Wakayama Steel Works of Sumitomo Metal Ind., Ltd. since 1976, and is used on hot direct rolling from the slabbing mill to the hot strip mill.
Impaired insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthase activation in vivo in man is related to low fasting glycogen synthase phosphatase activity. (1988)

Insulin-mediated glycogen synthase activity in skeletal muscle correlates with the rate of insulin-mediated glycogen deposition and is reduced in human subjects with insulin resistance. To assess the role of glycogen synthase phosphatase as a possible mediator of reduced glycogen synthase activity, we studied 30 Southwestern American Indians with a broad range of insulin action in vivo. Percutaneous biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle were performed before and during a 440-min euglycemic clamp at plasma insulin concentrations of 89 +/- 5 and 1,470 +/- 49 microU/ml (mean +/- SEM); simultaneous glucose oxidation was determined by indirect calorimetry. After insulin stimulation, glycogen synthase activity was correlated with the total and nonoxidative glucose disposal at both low (r = 0.73, P less than 0.0001; r = 0.68, P less than 0.0001) and high (r = 0.75, P less than 0.0001; r = 0.74, P less than 0.0001) plasma insulin concentrations. Fasting muscle glycogen synthase phosphatase activity was correlated with both total and nonoxidative glucose disposal rates at the low (r = 0.48, P less than 0.005; r = 0.41, P less than 0.05) and high (r = 0.47, P less than 0.05; r = 0.43, P less than 0.05) plasma insulin concentrations. In addition, fasting glycogen synthase phosphatase activity was correlated with glycogen synthase activity after low- (r = 0.47, P less than 0.05) and high- (r = 0.50, P less than 0.01) dose insulin stimulations. These data suggest that the decreased insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and reduced glycogen synthase activation observed in insulin resistance could be secondary to a low fasting glycogen synthase phosphatase activity.
Fiber-optic passive ring-resonator gyroscope using an external-cavity laser diode (1988)

We report a fiber-optic passive ring-resonator gyroscope that uses an external-cavity laser diode. The external-cavity laser diode is useful as the light source for the gyroscope if an appropriate cavity length is chosen. A rotation detection sensitivity of 10(-2) rad/sec was obtained with an integration time of 10 sec.
Investigation of Allosteric Linkages in the Regulation of Tryptophan Synthase:  The Roles of Salt Bridges and Monovalent Cations Probed by Site-Directed Mutation, Optical Spectroscopy, and Kinetics (2001)

The tryptophan synthase bienzyme complex is the most extensively documented example of substrate channeling in which the oligomeric unit has been described at near atomic resolution. Transfer of the common metabolite, indole, between the alpha- and the beta-sites occurs by diffusion along a 25-A-long interconnecting tunnel within each alphabeta-dimeric unit of the alpha(2)beta(2) oligomer. The control of metabolite transfer involves allosteric interactions that trigger the switching of alphabeta-dimeric units between open and closed conformations and between catalytic states of low and high activity. This allosteric signaling is triggered by covalent transformations at the beta-site and ligand binding to the alpha-site. The signals are transmitted between sites via a scaffolding of structural elements that includes a monovalent cation (MVC) binding site and salt bridging interactions of betaLys 167 with betaAsp 305 or alphaAsp 56. Through the combined strategies of site-directed mutations of these amino acid residues and cation substitutions at the MVC site, this work examines the interrelationship of the MVC site and the alternative salt bridges formed between Lys beta167 with Asp beta305 or Asp alpha56 to the regulation of channeling. These experiments show that both the binding of a MVC and the formation of the Lys beta167-Asp alpha56 salt bridge are important to the transmission of allosteric signals between the sites, whereas, the salt bridge between betaK167 and betaD305 appears to be only of minor significance to catalysis and allosteric regulation. The mechanistic implications of these findings both for substrate channeling and for catalysis are discussed.
COMPUTERS TO HELP DRIVERS FIND THEIR WAY (1990)

This article describes two different electronic car navigation systems - dead reckoning and radio waves transmitted by satellites. The author discusses the features and faults of the systems, and briefly describes the activities at General Motors and Honda to make these systems available to the general public.