gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PRIMARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT OF PROVASTATIN ACROSS THE LIVER CANALICULAR MEMBRANE IN NORMAL AND MUTANT EISAI HYPERBILIRUBINAEMIC RATS (1996)

We have previously demonstrated that the HMG-CoA inhibitor pravastatin is efficiently taken up by the liver via the 'multispecific anion transporter' in an active manner. To further examine the fate of pravastatin within the liver, its biliary excretion was studied in a single-pass liver perfusion system and isolated liver canalicular membrane vesicles (CMVs) using normal (Sprague-Dawley rats; SDRs) and mutant Eisai hyperbilirubinaemic rats (EHBRs). In the liver perfusion experiments, the outflowing drug concentration reached a steady state at 30 min and the extraction ratio was approximately 0.7 in both rat strains. Both the steady state biliary excretion rate and bile flow rate of the EHBR group were 40% of those of SDRS. At steady state, the fraction of unchanged drug in bile was 25-34% in both groups. The concentration ratios of unbound drug in cytosol versus that in sinusoid and of that in bile versus that in cytosol were, respectively, 11 and 87 in SDRs, and 13 and 94 in EHBRs. After correction for the membrane potential (-40 mV in cytosol), the ratios became 49 and 19 in SDR and 58 and 21 in EHBRs, respectively. The finding that all of these values were much larger than unity suggested that active transport occurred from liver to bile, as well as from plasma to liver, in both rat strains. Furthermore, ATP-dependent uptake of pravastatin was clearly observed in CMVs prepared from EHBRs as well as SDRs, whereas the stimulation by ATP of DNP-SG transport in CMVs was observed only in SDRs. It was concluded that pravastatin is excreted into bile in high concentrations and a primary active transport mechanism which is maintained in EHBRs contributes to the biliary excretion of this drug.
Homogeneous Extension of Single Crystals (1951)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation F. D. Rosi; Homogeneous Extension of Single Crystals. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 September 1951; 22 (9): 708–710. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1746053 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Encapsulation of oligonucleotides in stealth Me.PEG-PLA<sub>50</sub>nanoparticles by complexation with structured oligopeptides (1996)

Two oligopeptides with alternating hydrophilic-hydrophobic amino acids, H-(leu-lys-lys-leu)10-OH and H-(leu-lys-leu-lys)10-OH, were shown to have higher affinity for a 13-mer oligonucleotide than H-(pro-lys-lys-leu)10-OH used as a control. This increased affinity was correlated to the secondary structure adopted by the oligopeptides (respectively, α-helix and β-sheet for LKKL and LK) when complexed to the oligonucleotide. Tight ion-pairing association between the phosphate groups of the oligonucleotide and the lysines of the oligopeptide led to efficient encapsulation of the resulting oligonucleotide/oligopeptide non-water-soluble complex in hydrophobic Me.PEG-PLA50 nanoparticles, by coprecipitation with the co-polymer.
Effects of UV Inactivated West Nile Particles on Astrocytic Morphology and Expression of Marker Proteins (2015)

West Nile virus (WNV) infection results in a spectrum of neurological symptoms ranging from a bening fever to severe West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND). The paralytic form of WNND has a poor prognosis, yet potential causes of neuronal death are not well understood. Significantly high levels of reactive astroglial marker proteins have been reported in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of WNV patients. The spinal cord postmortem tissue shows areas of swollen axons, hypertrophied neuronal cell bodies, and a marked increase in astroglial reactivity. Thus, we hypothesized that factors secreted by astrocytes during or after acute WNV infection trigger neurodegeneration that contributes to WNND. To test this, astrocytic cell lines and dissociated astrocytic primary cultures from mouse brain were treated with UV inactivated WNV particles. We found significantly increased astrocyte specific factors in WNV treated astroglial cells compared with the mock controls. Real-Time PCR showed upregulated mRNA expression of some of those factors. The results suggest that higher levels of astrocytic proteins within the brain or circulating in the CSF or blood may stimulate secondary pathways leading to neurodegeneration. More studies are needed to detertmine whether these changes are associated with severe and prolonged WNV neuroinvasive disease.
A novel method for sub-micron particle detection in clean liquids (1997)

A novel approach to the detection of liquid-borne submicrometer particles (extendible to ultra-clean liquids) is described. The key concept is to coax the submicrometer particles to soft cavitate and then detect the ensuing transient bubble activity acoustically rather than the particle itself (which has only a weak scattering signature). The method, therefore, relies on facilitating acoustic microcavitation through acoustic coaxing. Acoustic microcavitation is brought about by low megahertz acoustic fields giving rise to micrometer-size bubbles that live a few microseconds. Liquid-borne microparticles do not, ordinarily, cause any cavitation when exposed to strong sound fields (of 1 MHz). If, however, a very weak, high-frequency auxiliary acoustic field (e.g., 30 MHz) is added to this sound field, cavitation by the microparticles is readily facilitated. This technique of facilitating cavitation is referred to as "acoustic coaxing". Results of preliminary experiments indicate that even smooth spherical microparticles can be coaxed to cause cavitation. An explanation of the "acoustic coaxing effect" is offered. The physics seems not to be limited by the smallness of microparticles (effect possible up to 50 nm). This novel method based on acoustic coaxing of microcavitation promises to be a good basis for on-line, real time monitoring of liquid-borne submicronic particulates. This method is not limited to small sensing volumes and, unlike optical methods, it has an intrinsic, location specific, signal enhancement at the source particle.
Contribution of exercise and shivering to recovery from induced hypothermia (31.2 degrees C) in one subject. (1988)

The ability of a modestly hypothermic victim to exercise, and indeed shiver, and thereby generate sufficient heat to rewarm has been questioned. One fit healthy subject was cooled in stirred water (7.7 degrees C) to a core temperature (Tc) of 32 degrees C. Tc by esophageal probe, cardiac rhythm, blood pressure (BP) and oxygen consumption (VO2) were monitored pre-, intra-, and postcooling (exercise). The subject rewarmed spontaneously as well as by exercising on a treadmill at speeds from 0.7 to 3.5 mph. Amount of Tc afterdrop (AD) was measured and rate of Tc increase (RI) and exercise and shivering contributions to heat production were calculated. The AD was 0.8 degrees C and the RI was 5.2 degrees C.h-1. VO2 values at the onset of hypothermic exercise indicated an approximate 4-fold increase in heat production from the normothermic resting value. A small portion of this heat production resulted from exercise while the majority was from shivering. Maximal heat production occurred at the lowest Tc (31.2 degrees C.). This represented an approximate 5-fold increase over the resting normothermic value. Shivering continued to provide the majority of the heat. As Tc increased, however, although heat production remained relatively constant, the contribution of exercise increased and that of shivering decreased. It was possible for this man to do a slight exercise at a Tc as low as 31.2 degrees C and the rewarming rate from shivering was substantial. Significant heat production is initially primarily by shivering thermogenesis, but soon, at a higher Tc, by exercise as well.
Neuroprotective activity of chlormethiazole following transient forebrain ischaemia in the gerbil (1991)

1. The effect of chlormethiazole, and other drugs which potentiate gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) function on delayed neuronal death in the hippocampus has been examined in the gerbil. 2. Chlormethiazole (100 mg kg-1, i.p.) and two other drugs previously reported to be neuroprotective (dizocilpine, 3 mg kg-1, i.p. and ifenprodil, 4 mg kg-1, i.p.) were all found to prevent neurodegeneration of CA1/CA2 neurones in the hippocampus when given 30 min before a 5 min episode of bilateral carotid artery occlusion. 3. Chlormethiazole (100 mg kg-1) was neuroprotective when given up to 3 h, after the ischaemic episode. 4. Given 1 h after the cartoid artery occlusion, chlormethiazole produced significant protection against hippocampal neurodegeneration at a dose of 50 mg kg-1, but not at 25 mg kg-1. 5. Phenobarbitone (100 mg kg-1, i.p.) and Saffan (alphaxalone, 45 mg kg-1 plus alphadalone, 15 mg kg-1, i.p.) were not protective when given 1 h after the ischaemic episode while pentobarbitone (30 mg kg-1, i.p.) had a modest protective effect. 6. Evidence is presented to show that neither the operating procedure nor the chlormethiazole administration lowered rectal or cerebral temperature. 7. The data suggest that chlormethiazole may be a useful treatment in the prevention of neurodegeneration following stroke or cardiac arrest.
Control-Flow Security. (2016)

Computer security is a topic of paramount importance in computing today. Though enormous effort has been expended to reduce the software attack surface, vulnerabilities remain. In contemporary attacks, subverting the control-flow of an application is often the cornerstone to a successful attempt to compromise a system. This subversion, known as a control-flow attack, remains as an essential building block of many software exploits. This dissertation proposes a multi-pronged approach to securing software control-flow to harden the software attack surface. The primary domain of this dissertation is the elimination of the basic mechanism in software enabling control-flow attacks. I address the prevalence of such attacks by going to the heart of the problem, removing all of the operations that inject runtime data into program control. This novel approach, Control-Data Isolation, provides protection by subtracting the root of the problem; indirect control-flow. Previous works have attempted to address control-flow attacks by layering additional complexity in an effort to shield software from attack. In this work, I take a subtractive approach; subtracting the primary cause of both contemporary and classic control-flow attacks. This novel approach to security advances the state of the art in control-flow security by ensuring the integrity of the programmer-intended control-flow graph of an application at runtime. Further, this dissertation provides methodologies to eliminate the barriers to adoption of control-data isolation while simultaneously moving ahead to reduce future attacks. The secondary domain of this dissertation is technique which leverages the process by which software is engineered, tested, and executed to pinpoint the statements in software which are most likely to be exploited by an attacker, defined as the Dynamic Control Frontier. Rather than reacting to successful attacks by patching software, the approach in this dissertation will move ahead of the attacker and identify the susceptible code regions before they are compromised. In total, this dissertation combines software and hardware design techniques to eliminate contemporary control-flow attacks. Further, it demonstrates the efficacy and viability of a subtractive approach to software security, eliminating the elements underlying security vulnerabilities.
ELF5 Suppresses Estrogen Sensitivity and Underpins the Acquisition of Antiestrogen Resistance in Luminal Breast Cancer (2012)

We have previously shown that during pregnancy the E-twenty-six (ETS) transcription factor ELF5 directs the differentiation of mammary progenitor cells toward the estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and milk producing cell lineage, raising the possibility that ELF5 may suppress the estrogen sensitivity of breast cancers. To test this we constructed inducible models of ELF5 expression in ER positive luminal breast cancer cells and interrogated them using transcript profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation of DNA followed by DNA sequencing (ChIP-Seq). ELF5 suppressed ER and FOXA1 expression and broadly suppressed ER-driven patterns of gene expression including sets of genes distinguishing the luminal molecular subtype. Direct transcriptional targets of ELF5, which included FOXA1, EGFR, and MYC, accurately classified a large cohort of breast cancers into their intrinsic molecular subtypes, predicted ER status with high precision, and defined groups with differential prognosis. Knockdown of ELF5 in basal breast cancer cell lines suppressed basal patterns of gene expression and produced a shift in molecular subtype toward the claudin-low and normal-like groups. Luminal breast cancer cells that acquired resistance to the antiestrogen Tamoxifen showed greatly elevated levels of ELF5 and its transcriptional signature, and became dependent on ELF5 for proliferation, compared to the parental cells. Thus ELF5 provides a key transcriptional determinant of breast cancer molecular subtype by suppression of estrogen sensitivity in luminal breast cancer cells and promotion of basal characteristics in basal breast cancer cells, an action that may be utilised to acquire antiestrogen resistance.
Prevalence of Mutations and Functional Analyses of Melanocortin 4 Receptor Variants Identified among 750 Men with Juvenile-Onset Obesity (2005)

Mutations in the gene encoding the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) are associated with the most common monogenic form of obesity. We examined 750 Danish men with juvenile-onset obesity (body mass index 33.3 +/- 2.4 kg/m(2)) and 706 control subjects (body mass index 21.4 +/- 2.1 kg/m(2)) for mutations in MC4R. A total of 14 different mutations were identified of which two, Ala219Val and Leu325Phe, were novel variants. The variant receptor, Leu325Phe, was unable to bind [Nle4,d-Phe7]-alphaMSH, whereas the Ala219Val variant showed a significantly impaired melanotan II induction of cAMP, compared with the wild-type receptor. The remaining 11 mutations have previously been reported, but selected MC4R variants were further characterized in vitro in the present study. A previously identified nonsense mutation, Tyr35stop, had a relatively high allele frequency (0.6%), suggesting a possible founder effect in the Danish population. This study shows a carrier frequency of 2.5% of pathogenic mutations in the MC4R gene in a population-based study of obese men. Thus, variation in this gene is the most common known specific genetic cause of obesity among Scandinavian men.
Mixed-signal simulation using the ALFA simulation backplane (1994)

While specialised, integrated mixed-signal simulators have been successfully developed, they cannot, in general, be extended easily to include further simulation algorithms. The concept of a simulation backplane has been proposed in which any number of general simulators can be coupled to allow a wide range of mixed-signal, mixed-level simulations to be performed. A standard set of programming interfaces has been proposed to allow simulators to be coupled in a standard way. The paper describes a simulation backplane that has been developed, together with basic circuit and logic-level simulators. In order to allow true mixed-signal simulations to be performed, Spice version 3e2 has been coupled into the backplane. >
Preparation and reactions of the C3v ligand tris(2-pyridyl)methane and its derivatives (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and reactions of the C3v ligand tris(2-pyridyl)methane and its derivativesDavid L. White and J. W. FallerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 8, 3119–3122Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00138a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00138a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views608Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sp. 3 SPAIN (1999)

void dismissal - infringement of fundamental rights or freedoms - additional compensation HEADNOTES Facts The employee, a workers' representative supported by the union CCOO (Comisiones Obreras), provided his personal services as a guard and gar- dener at a residential home for the elderly under a special kind of temporary contract of employment "to carry out a certain work or service". He was dis- missed in 1996, after having presented several claims to the Social Tribunal against the public body running the residential home, as well as having brought a claim against the employer to the Employment Inspectors, on the
Clocking magnetic field-coupled devices by domain walls (2012)

We study the interaction between propagating domain walls in permalloy nanowires and nanomagnetic dots made of Co/Pt multilayers. The magnetic behavior of dots placed above/below the domain wall conductor is strongly influenced by the field of the wall. Using micromagnetic simulations we show that the field generated by the domain wall can switch the coupled dots to their magnetically ordered ground state. This effect can be exploited for clocking magnetic field-coupled devices and possibly substitute electrical clocking structures.
PetaBricks (2009)

It is often impossible to obtain a one-size-fits-all solution for high performance algorithms when considering different choices for data distributions, parallelism, transformations, and blocking. The best solution to these choices is often tightly coupled to different architectures, problem sizes, data, and available system resources. In some cases, completely different algorithms may provide the best performance. Current compiler and programming language techniques are able to change some of these parameters, but today there is no simple way for the programmer to express or the compiler to choose different algorithms to handle different parts of the data. Existing solutions normally can handle only coarse-grained, library level selections or hand coded cutoffs between base cases and recursive cases. We present PetaBricks, a new implicitly parallel language and compiler where having multiple implementations of multiple algorithms to solve a problem is the natural way of programming. We make algorithmic choice a first class construct of the language. Choices are provided in a way that also allows our compiler to tune at a finer granularity. The PetaBricks compiler autotunes programs by making both fine-grained as well as algorithmic choices. Choices also include different automatic parallelization techniques, data distributions, algorithmic parameters, transformations, and blocking. Additionally, we introduce novel techniques to autotune algorithms for different convergence criteria. When choosing between various direct and iterative methods, the PetaBricks compiler is able to tune a program in such a way that delivers near-optimal efficiency for any desired level of accuracy. The compiler has the flexibility of utilizing different convergence criteria for the various components within a single algorithm, providing the user with accuracy choice alongside algorithmic choice.
Channel Equalization and Symbol Detection for Single Carrier Broadband MIMO Systems with Multiple Carrier Frequency Offsets (2008)

We consider the frequency-domain channel equalization and symbol detection of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) single-carrier broadband wireless system in the presence of severe frequency-selective channel fading and multiple unknown carrier frequency offsets (CFOs). We show that the constellation of the equalized data is rotating due to multiple CFOs, therefore, the equalized data can not be reliably detected without removing the rotating phases caused by the multiple unknown CFOs. Instead of estimating the CFOs, we propose a method to estimate the rotating phases caused by multiple CFOs, remove the rotating phases from the equalized data, and perform symbol detection. Numerical example indicates that the proposed method provide very good results for a 4 times 2 wireless system with 8PSK modulation and 75-tap Rayleigh fading channels.
Adjuvant therapy with 5-fluoro-1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-2,4 (1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (UFT) and Bestatin in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder--comparison between UFT therapy alone and UFT therapy in combination with Bestatin. (1995)

To prevent postoperative recurrence a randomized prospective trial was performed on 45 patients with bladder cancers by dividing them into 2 groups given either UFT therapy alone or UFT therapy in combination with Bestatin. In principle, oral administration of these drugs was initiated 4 weeks postoperatively and continued for a period of 1 year. Bestatin was given at the dose of 30 mg/day after breakfast per os, and UFT at the dose of 400 mg/day twice a day per os. After a median follow-up period of 628 days the relapse-free rate was 43.5% for the group given UFT alone and 81.8% for the group given a combination of UFT plus Bestatin, showing a significantly more favorable result in the latter group. In patients with a solitary and papillary tumor the relapse-free rate was significantly better in the UFT plus Bestatin group compared with the group of UFT alone. Accordingly, it was suggested that postoperative administration of UFT in combination with Bestatin is more effective in preventing recurrence of bladder cancer, compared with the administration of UFT alone.
Various UHF RFID tag for metallic object (2007)

Three different UHF RFID tag antennas are designed and fabricated. The reading ranges of tags are 1.7m, 1.9m and 0.85m. The first tag antenna used the transmission line, and the second tag antenna used a shorted patch antenna. The third antenna used the transmission line and L shape patch antenna to match the impedance of the tag antenna to the conjugate of chip impedance.
Trilobate arrowheads at ed‐Dur (U.A.E, Emirate of Umm al‐Qaiwain) (2007)

This article discusses the trilobate arrowheads excavated at ed‐Dur during the different campaigns. Special emphasis is placed on the trilobate or three‐lobed type of arrowhead because these appear rather suddenly and are not widespread in southeastern Arabia. The broader cultural, geographical and historical framework of these arrowheads is sketched in order to place the ed‐Dur material in context.