gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introducing delete feature for unnecessary data to content-hash based distributed archive system (2013)

Distributed storage systems with content hash ID mechanism previously didn’t specifically consider to reclaim the storage space of unnecessary data. The lease time method is used commonly but it leads inefficient resource consumption. In this letter, we propose a composition of two reference counters and two supplemental timer fields to delete unnecessary data explicitly. We explain it as a concrete design for WOODS to introduce the delete feature without expensive procedure such as multiple and synchronized locks. It also resists to the abnormal termination of application. This letter also shows the proposal mechanism works efficiently than traditional lease time method for archiving system.
Design of self-regulating production control systems by Tradeoffs Programming (2005)

Abstract Self-regulating Production Control Systems (SPCSs) include production control systems such as kanban, buffered lines, base-stock, and their variations and combinations. In this work we develop and implement, for SPCS design, a new simulation-based optimization method called Tradeoffs Programming (TOP). TOP is a technique closely related to multi-objective dynamic programming that attempts to optimize inseparable problems. TOP is based on the idea that given correctly defined performance measures, many systems are nearly separable, and we can decompose the overall system using efficiency frontiers of simulated performance measures of the subsystems. We apply this technique to SPCS design and perform a number of experiments to validate and analyze our algorithm. We find TOP to be very accurate, extremely robust, and widely applicable.
A genetic approach to the cable harness routing problem (2002)

This paper describes a system for automatically routing cable harnesses in three-dimensional environments using a pair of genetic algorithms. The cable harness routing problem (CHRP) can be formulated as a graph search problem with a large, convex search space. A genetic approach is used to intelligently and adaptively search for routings which are close to the global optimum. The CHRP is decomposed into two problems: generating a harness configuration (topology) and routing the harness in the environment. This paper defines the various genetic operators used and suggest parameter settings which quickly find routings which match the geometry of the environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A solid-state relay for transformer switching (1986)

A static relay, which can distinguish the magnetizing inrush current from the short-circuit current of a transformer is suggested. This eliminates the use of the desensitizing arrangement or the costly harmonic-current-restraint relay but preserves the inherent features of an over-current relay and the advantages of a static relay. The circuit is equally good for 1-phase as well as 3-phase applications.
A Doubly Tracking Discriminator (2009)

This paper presents a new FM detector that combines the advantages of an injection locked FM discriminator and those of a Teager Energy Operator FM demodulator. It also presents the deleterious effect of signal propagation delay and its remedial measure. Simulation results gives encouraging results regarding improvement of the signal handling capacity and stability of the system affected by the inherent signal delay in the oscillator.
Hysteresis Steps Demonstrate Quantum Tunneling of Molecular Spins (1997)

Hysteresis is Hysteresis is a familiar macroscopic phenomenon in the behavior of magnetic materials: When a sample is subjected to a varying external magnetic field, its magnetization curve does not, in general, retrace its steps as the external field in a fixed direction is swept from a large negative value to a large positive value and then back again. But until the summer of 1995, no one had ever seen quantum steps in a hysteresis loop.
Dentofacial changes in children with negative overjet treated by a combined orthodontic and orthopaedic approach (1988)

The intention of this study was to investiga$$$e whether any morphologic characteristics found at an early age are helpful in prediction of a good or poor response to early treatment of Angle Class III malocciusions, and to study the dento-alveolar and basal effects of combined retractor and chin-cap therapy. The data were obtained from lateral cephalometric radiographs of 51 children taken before treatment at an age of 4 to 9 years, after a treatment period of 5–18 months and about one and a half years after treatment. A group of children with a normal maxillo-mandibular relationship and a positive overjet was used as a control group. The pretreatment comparison revealed a more anterior position of the jaw angle, a more open angle, and a more acute chin prominence in the group that responded poorly to treatment. The differences between each of the two treatment groups and the control group were very similar. The treatment changes were approximately the same in the two treatment groups, but changes in the group with the good treatment response were more like the changes in the control group than in the group with poor results. Also during the observation period the changes were very similar in the two groups, and without exception indicated a relapse towards Class III morphology. The positive overjet and overbite were maintained in the group with good treatment results. The study does not indicate whether it is possible to maintain the good result throughout the rest of the growth period, but obviously a correct anterior occlusion is favourable for dento-alveolar compensation of unfavourable skeletal change.
Carvedilol in hypertension treatment (2008)

Although beta-blockers have been previously shown to effectively reduce blood pressure (BP) and have been used for hypertension treatment for over 40 years, their effect on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients remains controversial and its use in uncomplicated hypertension is currently under debate. However, data on the above field derive mainly from studies which were conducted with older agents, such as atenolol and metoprolol, while considerable pharamacokinetic and pharmacodynamic heterogeneity is present within the class of beta-blockers. Carvedilol, a vasodilating non-cardioselective beta-blocker, is a compound that seems to give the opportunity to the clinician to use a cardioprotective agent without the concerning hemodynamic and metabolic actions of traditional beta-blocker therapy. In contrast with conventional beta-blockers, carvedilol maintains cardiac output, has a less extended effect on heart rate and reduces BP by decreasing vascular resistance. Further, several studies has shown that carvedilol has a beneficial or at least neutral effect on metabolic parameters, such as glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism, suggesting that they could be used in subjects with the metabolic syndrome or diabetes without negative consequences. This article summarizes the distinct pharmacologic, hemodynamic, and metabolic properties of carvedilol in relation to conventional beta-blockers, attempting to examine the potential use of this agent for hypertension treatment.
High image quality 3D displays with polarizer glasses based on active retarder technology (2011)

In this study, we proposed methods to reduce a black-white (BW) 3D crosstalk and gray-to-gray (GtoG) 3D crosstalk in active retarder 3D (AR3D) technology. To obtain the BW 3D crosstalk to 2.5% without backlight scanning, we first optimized the switching time of AR panel. Then, the BW 3D crosstalk of 1.0% was achieved by scanning the backlight synchronized with the liquid crystal display (LCD) panel and AR panel. Finally, with the over-driving method for various condition of gray-to-gray transition, the average GtoG 3D crosstalk was obtained to be under 1.8% showing clear 3D images. With these concepts of reducing the 3D crosstalk in AR3D technology, we developed AR3D monitor having 23 inches in diagonal with full HD resolution. The luminance of our prototype is 73 nits at 3D mode through polarizer glasses and 300 nits at 2D mode for bare eyes, showing that 24% light efficiency in 3D mode. In conclusion, our prototype shows clear 3D image with full HD resolution and high luminance even though it employs polarizer glasses.
Intercalation Compounds of Graphite (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Control of micro- and nanopatterns of octadecyltrimethoxysilane monolayers using nanoimprint lithography and atmospheric chemical vapor deposition (2006)

Octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) self-assembled monolayers have been grafted on micrometric and nanometric areas of SiO2∕Si substrates using a process combining nanoimprint lithography and atmospheric chemical vapor deposition. The optimization of the process has lead to monolayer square patterns of OTMS with lateral sizes ranging from 2μm down to 50nm. Their coverage uniformity extends on several square millimeters. Their coverage density can be accurately tuned by the deposition time.
Camera position and posture estimation from still image using feature landmark database (2008)

Several human navigation services are currently available on the cellular phones that uses embedded GPS and 2-D map. However, 2-D map based human navigation is not always easy to understand for users because that is not intuitive. In order to realize more intuitive human navigation, AR (Augmented Reality) based navigation where guiding information is overlaid in the real image is expected to be the next generation navigation system. For AR navigation, the key problem is how to acquire the accurate position and posture of the embedded camera on the cellular phone. Many researchers have intensively tackled to the camera parameter estimation problem for AR in recent years. However, most of these methods cannot be applied to the current mobile devices because they are designed to treat video sequence where temporal information like camera parameter of the previous frame is known. In this research, we propose a novel method that estimates camera parameters of single input image using SIFT features and voting scheme.
Regulation of Phospholipase C-γ1 by Profilin and Tyrosine Phosphorylation (1991)

Epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor can stimulate the production of the second messenger inositol trisphosphate in responsive cells, but the biochemical pathway for these signaling events has been uncertain because the reactions have not been reconstituted with purified molecules in vitro. A reconstitution is described that requires not only the growth factor, its receptor with tyrosine kinase activity, and the soluble phospholipase C-gamma 1, but also the small soluble actin-binding protein profilin. Profilin binds to the substrate phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and inhibits its hydrolysis by unphosphorylated phospholipase C-gamma 1. Phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma 1 by the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase overcomes the inhibitory effect of profilin and results in an effective activation of phospholipase C-gamma 1.
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of iron polymaltose complex and folic acid (Mumfer) vs iron formulation (ferrous fumarate) in female patients with anaemia. (2001)

Treatment of iron deficiency anaemia with conventional oral preparations is handicapped by unpredictable haematological response in addition to potential for irritating gastrointestinal adverse events. Iron polymaltose complex (IPC), a novel oral iron formulation with better absorbability, predictable haematinic response and less side effects was compared with oral ferrous fumarate in 100 female patients with documented iron deficiency anaemia. Clinical parameters (pallor, weakness) as well as biochemical parameters (Hb, serum iron, total iron binding capacity) show favourable changes with IPC; the physician and patient assessment also favour IPC over ferrous fumarate.
Structural properties of ZnSe films grown by migration enhanced epitaxy (1993)

We describe the structural properties of ZnSe grown on (001) GaAs by migration enhanced epitaxy, and show that the heterointerface plays a significant role in determining the structural properties of the ZnSe films. Films were grown with thicknesses ranging from 900 to 10 000 Å. Transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution x-ray diffraction measurements show that the resulting structure is highly dependent on how growth is initiated. Nearly perfect films are obtained, for thicknesses up to about 2500 Å [considerably thicker than the critical thickness for molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown films], when growth begins with an initial exposure of the GaAs substrate to Zn. However, if growth begins with an initial high-temperature Se exposure, then stacking fault densities are greatly increased, and more rapid relaxation occurs. Comparison to MBE-grown films shows greater defect densities and a faster rate of relaxation of the misfit strain for the MBE-grown films.
Ectosomes Released by Human Neutrophils Are Specialized Functional Units (1999)

Here we show that human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) release ectosomes independently of complement attack during their activation both in vitro and at the site of inflammation in vivo. Patterns of biotinylated proteins on the surface of PMN and on PMN-derived ectosomes indicated a specific sorting of cell surface proteins into and out of ectosomes. Ectosomes expressed clusters of complement receptor 1 (CR1), which allowed them to bind efficiently to opsonized bacteria. Myeloperoxidase and human leukocyte elastase, both stored within the azurophilic granules of PMN, were found to colocalize on ectosomes with CR1. Furthermore, myeloperoxidase colocalized with human leukocyte elastase. In contrast, not present on CR1-expressing ectosomes were CD63, a selective marker for the azurophilic granules, and CD14, which is located within the same granules and the secretory vesicles as CR1. Of the other complement regulatory proteins expressed by PMN, only CD59 colocalized with CR1, while CD55 and CD46 were almost absent. Ectosomes released by activated PMN at the site of inflammation may function as a well organized element (ecto-organelle), designed to focus antimicrobial activity onto opsonized surfaces.
Application and Analysis of ZigBee Security Services Specification (2010)

ZigBee is a wireless technology developed as an open global standard. With the application of wireless sensor networks, many applications not only have low-power, low-complexity and cost-effective, but also should have high confidentiality. So the research of the security of ZigBee is becoming very important. Based on the ZigBee network protocol stack structure, in this paper, we mainly discuss the ZigBee data transmission security services, the encryption techniques, security key, the trust center, secured Frames Format and security Level. At last we introduce the security application in the ZigBee application layer.
Regena (Rga), a Drosophila Homolog of the Global Negative Transcriptional Regulator CDC36 (NOT2) from Yeast, Modifies Gene Expression and Suppresses Position Effect Variegation (1998)

A mutation in Regena (Rga) was isolated in screens for modifiers of white eye color gene expression. The reduction in the level of the Rga product results in a complex modulation of white mRNA both positively and negatively, depending on the developmental stage. In addition to white, Rga also affects the expression of several other tested genes, with one of them, Vinculin, being regulated in a strong sex-specific manner. Rga was cloned by transposon tagging. Its predicted product lacks any recognized nucleic acid-binding motif but is homologous to a global negative transcriptional regulator, CDC36 (NOT2), from yeast. Rga also acts as a suppressor of position effect variegation, suggesting that a possible function of Rga could be mediation of an interaction between chromatin proteins and the transcriptional complex.
Arylsulfatase a gene polymorphisms in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: genotype-phenotype correlation and estimation of disease progression. (2011)

Arylsulfatase A (ASA) is a lysosomal enzyme involved in catabolism of cerebroside-sulfate, major lipid constituent of oligodendrocyte membranes. Various polymorphisms in ASA gene have been described, leading to different levels of enzyme deficiency. Progressive demyelination occurs in metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), while the condition of ASA-pseudodeficiency (ASA-PD) is suggested to contribute to complex pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This work presents usefulness of genotype-phenotype correlation in estimation of disease severity and progression. The presence of two most common mutations associated with ASA-PD was analyzed in 56 patients with diagnosis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method. In MS patients confirmed as ASA-PD mutations carriers, arylsulfatase activity was determined in leukocyte homogenates by spectrophotometry. To determine whether there is a difference between disability level and/or disease progression in patients with or without mutations we have estimated disability level using Expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and disease progression using Multiple sclerosis severity score (MSSS). Correlation of genotypes and disease progression was statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Patients showing higher MSSS score and found to be carriers of both analyzed ASA-PD mutations were additionally examined using conventional magnetic resonance (MR) techniques. The presence of either one or both mutations was determined in 13 patients. Lower ASA activities were observed in all MS patients carrying the mutations. Nine of the mutations carriers had mild disability (EDSS=0-4.0), 1 had moderate disability (EDSS=4.5-5.5), and 3 had severe disability (EDSS > or = 6.0). On the other hand, only 3 MS patients who were mutation carriers showed MSSS values lower than 5.000 while in other MS patients-mutation carriers the MSSS values ranged from 5.267 to 9.453. Comparison of MR findings between MS patients, mutations carrier vs. non-carrier, matched for sex, age and disease duration, showed that the total number of lesions and the number of hypointense lesions on T1-weighted images was greater in MS patient carrying the ASA-PD mutations. Our results on genotype-phenotype correlation analysis indicate a possible contribution of detected arylsulfatase A gene polymorphisms to the clinical severity of multiple sclerosis, estimated by EDSS, MSSS and MR findings. The MSSS proved to be more appropriate indicator of disease progression and should be more frequently used in clinical practice especially for comparison of disease progression in different groups of patients and identification of factors that may influence disease progression such as the presence of gene polymorphisms.
Structural Study of Mesoporous MCM-48 and Carbon Networks Synthesized in the Spaces of MCM-48 by Electron Crystallography (2002)

Recently, we have developed a new electron crystallography (EC) method for study of three dimensional (3D) structures of silica-mesoporous materials, and the 3D-structural solutions of MCM-48 and SBA-1, -6, and -16 were briefly reported. The method gives a unique structure solution through the Fourier sum of the 3D-structure factors, both amplitudes and phases, which are obtained from Fourier analyses of a set of high-resolution electron microscope (HREM) images. The method was fully described in an application for structure analyses of two MCM-48 crystals with different crystal morphologies. Little structural difference was observed between the two crystals, although small differences in the structure factors were observed. The space group of MCM-48 was determined to be Ia3̄d, and the wall surface of the two crystals followed exactly the periodic minimal surface of gyroid (G). The wall separated two interpenetrating and noninterconnecting channel systems with different chiralities. After structural analysis of MCM-48, the structures of two different carbon networks, CMK-1 and CMK-4, which were synthesized within the channels of MCM-48 from different carbon sources, were studied by electron microscopy (EM). It was observed that in both cases carbon networks were equally formed in the two channels of MCM-48 without changing the space-group symmetry and that the symmetry of Ia3̄d was retained after the dissolution of silica mesoporous MCM-48 for CMK-4 but changed to I41/a for CMK-1. The simplest model for structure change in CMK-1 was proposed on the basis of the observations of extra reflections in ED patterns and domain structures in HREM images as that the carbon networks equally formed in two noninterconnecting channels of MCM-48 were displaced during the dissolution relative to each other without rotation along the [001] axis by keeping each network rigidly. It is stressed that the method must be extended further for structural study of new materials with orders in two different lengths scales, atomic and mesoscopic scales.
Leptin is an effective treatment for hypothalamic amenorrhea (2011)

Hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA) is associated with dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-peripheral endocrine axes, leading to infertility and bone loss, and usually is caused by chronic energy deficiency secondary to strenuous exercise and/or decreased food intake. Energy deficiency also leads to hypoleptinemia, which has been proposed, on the basis of observational studies as well as an open-label study, to mediate the neuroendocrine abnormalities associated with this condition. To prove definitively a causal role of leptin in the pathogenesis of HA, we performed a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of human recombinant leptin (metreleptin) in replacement doses over 36 wk in women with HA. We assessed its effects on reproductive outcomes, neuroendocrine function, and bone metabolism. Leptin replacement resulted in recovery of menstruation and corrected the abnormalities in the gonadal, thyroid, growth hormone, and adrenal axes. We also demonstrated changes in markers of bone metabolism suggestive of bone formation, but no changes in bone mineral density were detected over the short duration of this study. If these data are confirmed, metreleptin administration in replacement doses to normalize circulating leptin levels may prove to be a safe and effective therapy for women with HA.
Performance Analysis of Packet Aggregation Mechanisms and Their Applications in Access (e.g., IoT, 4G/5G), Core, and Data Centre Networks (2021)

The transmission of massive amounts of small packets generated by access networks through high-speed Internet core networks to other access networks or cloud computing data centres has introduced several challenges such as poor throughput, underutilisation of network resources, and higher energy consumption. Therefore, it is essential to develop strategies to deal with these challenges. One of them is to aggregate smaller packets into a larger payload packet, and these groups of aggregated packets will share the same header, hence increasing throughput, improved resource utilisation, and reduction in energy consumption. This paper presents a review of packet aggregation applications in access networks (e.g., IoT and 4G/5G mobile networks), optical core networks, and cloud computing data centre networks. Then we propose new analytical models based on diffusion approximation for the evaluation of the performance of packet aggregation mechanisms. We demonstrate the use of measured traffic from real networks to evaluate the performance of packet aggregation mechanisms analytically. The use of diffusion approximation allows us to consider time-dependent queueing models with general interarrival and service time distributions. Therefore these models are more general than others presented till now.