gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review of in-situ process monitoring and in-situ metrology for metal additive manufacturing (2016)

Lack of assurance of quality with additively manufactured (AM) parts is a key technological barrier that prevents manufacturers from adopting AM technologies, especially for high-value applications where component failure cannot be tolerated. Developments in process control have allowed significant enhancement of AM techniques and marked improvements in surface roughness and material properties, along with a reduction in inter-build variation and the occurrence of embedded material discontinuities. As a result, the exploitation of AM processes continues to accelerate. Unlike established subtractive processes, where in-process monitoring is now commonplace, factory-ready AM processes have not yet incorporated monitoring technologies that allow discontinuities to be detected in process. Researchers have investigated new forms of instrumentation and adaptive approaches which, when integrated, will allow further enhancement to the assurance that can be offered when producing AM components. The state-of-the-art with respect to inspection methodologies compatible with AM processes is explored here. Their suitability for the inspection and identification of typical material discontinuities and failure modes is discussed with the intention of identifying new avenues for research and proposing approaches to integration into future generations of AM systems.
Atmospheric oxygen-helium plasma surface modification of medical plastics (2008)

This study examines the effect of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on the surface energy and adhesive bond strength of three medical polymers: acetal copolymer (AC), polycarbonate (PC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Surface treatments were applied with a two-inch plasma beam source and reactive oxygen-helium (~1-3 vol% O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) plasma under 150 and 200 W RF power. Through contact angle measurements and surface energy calculations, the response of these polymers to the plasma was found to be unique. Surface activation was rapid, occurring within 5 to 10 seconds of exposure. The PC and PET surface energies approached ges 70 dyne/cm. The acetal copolymer initially jumped to 58 dyne/cm, then declined with further plasma exposure, possibly due to etching or chain scission of the polymer. Langmuir-Hinshelwood reaction kinetics provided an excellent fit to the surface energy versus time data. Subsequent adhesion tests with epoxy, urethane and acrylate glues revealed large increases in adhesive bond strength for the AC (+50-300%), PC (+20-60%) and PET (+100-350%) following exposure times of 0.25 to 40 s under the plasma beam. At the meeting, I will describe the mechanism for activation of the polymer chains with the atmospheric pressure oxygen plasma.
Stereoselective Synthesis of α- and β-Glycosylamide Derivatives from Glycopyranosyl Azides via Isoxazoline Intermediates (2003)

Treatment of 2-acetoxy glycopyranosyl azides with Ph3P gave isoxazolines by ring closure of the phosphorimine. Coupling of in situ generated isoxazolines with acylating reagents gave mixtures of alpha- or beta-glycopyranosyl amides. The alpha/beta ratio depended upon the acylating reagent and metal salts employed. For example, coupling of isoxazoline 3 with Z-Asp-(SPy)-OBn in the presence of CuCl2 gave exclusively alpha-N-glucopyranosylasparagine derivative 8. This general procedure has been applied to mono-, di-, and trisaccharide systems.
The use of corticosteroids in the control of the adverse effects of cotrimoxazole in AIDS patients suffering from PCP (1991)

*Serveis de Pneumologia Medicina Interna, Hospital de Badalona Germans Trias i pujol, Cldel Canyet sln (08 916), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
Sub-stoichiometric 2D covalent organic frameworks from tri- and tetratopic linkers (2019)

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are typically designed by breaking down the desired network into feasible building blocks - either simple and highly symmetric, or more convoluted and thus less symmetric. The linkers are chosen complementary to each other such that an extended, fully condensed network structure can form. We show not only an exception, but a design principle that allows breaking free of such design rules. We show that tri- and tetratopic linkers can be combined to form imine-linked [4 + 3] sub-stoichiometric 2D COFs featuring an unexpected bex net topology, and with periodic uncondensed amine functionalities which enhance CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption, can be derivatized in a subsequent reaction, and can also act as organocatalysts. We further extend this class of nets by including a ditopic linker to form [4 + 3 + 2] COFs. The results open up possibilities towards a new class of sub-valent COFs with unique structural, topological and compositional complexities for diverse applications.
Photochemical transformations of small ring carbonyl compounds. XXX. Electron transfer in the photochemistry of azetidinyl ketones (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical transformations of small ring carbonyl compounds. XXX. Electron transfer in the photochemistry of azetidinyl ketonesAlbert Padwa, Fred Albrecht, Piarra Singh, and Eligio VegaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 12, 2928–2935Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00741a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (979 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Coronary Artery Disease but Not Coronary Calcification Is Associated with Elevated Levels of Cardiolipin, Beta-2-Glycoprotein-I, and Oxidized LDL Antibodies (2001)

Anti-CL, beta2GPI and oxLDL antibodies are elevated in coronary heart disease patients regardless of coronary calcification.
Orthotopic liver transplantation for hepatic GVHD following allogeneic BMT for chronic myeloid leukaemia. (1992)

A 21-year-old man who had an HLA-identical sibling donor BMT for chronic myeloid leukaemia developed grade IV acute GVHD of the liver that was unresponsive to corticosteroids and anti-IL2 receptor monoclonal antibody. He was treated with an orthotopic liver transplant and is currently well 6 months later with normal liver function and no evidence of GVHD in the transplanted liver.
Fast Algorithm for the Modulated Complex Lapped Transform (2005)

We present a complete derivation for a new algorithm for fast computation of the modulated complex lapped transform (MCLT), which we have previously presented. In particular, we present explicit formulas and flowgraphs not only for the direct transform, but also for the inverse transform. For a length-M MCLT, the direct transform algorithm is based on computing a length-2M fast Fourier transform (FFT) plus M butterfly-like stages, without data shuffling. That reduces the number of operations and memory accesses needed to compute the MCLT when compared to previous algorithms. Compared to the original DCT-IV-based algorithm, a software implementation of the new algorithm running in a personal computer leads to 25% faster execution.
Magnetic Properties of Some Orthoferrites and Cyanides at Low Temperatures (1956)

The magnetization of some rare-earth orthoferrites and related compounds, and of some iron-group cyanides, has been investigated at temperatures between room temperature and 1.3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Some are ferromagnetic, some antiferromagnetic, and some paramagnetic following the Curie-Weiss law.The compounds GdV${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, GdFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, and ErFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ are apparently antiferromagnetic with N\'eel points of 7.5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 2.5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, and 4.5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, respectively. Ordering of the Gd and Er ions at low temperatures is indicated. The compounds NdFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, SmFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, YFe${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, NdV${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, PrV${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, and SmV${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ show a rapid rise in ferromagnetic moment as the temperature is lowered below about 15\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. GdTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ is ferromagnetic with 0.54 Bohr magneton per molecule.Many of the cyanides of type $A(B{\mathrm{C}}_{6}{\mathrm{N}}_{6})$ are ferromagnetic with magnetic moments of 1 to 4 Bohr magnetons per molecule and Curie points of 3 to 50\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K.A null method of measurement is used. Movement of a pendulum in a field gradient is detected with strain gauges and balanced with a coil. In the space containing the specimen and the balancing coil the gradient varies linearly with distance.
Field Attraction of the Stink Bug <I>Euschistus conspersus</I> (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to Synthetic Pheromone-Baited Host Plants (2001)

The attraction of the stink bug Euschistus conspersus Uhler to sources of the synthetic pheromone component methyl (2E,4Z)-decadienoate was investigated in a series of field experiments in native vegetation surrounding commercial apple orchards in Washington. In experiments with pheromone lures placed inside two different tube-type traps, stink bugs were attracted to the immediate area around traps in large numbers, but very few were caught in the traps. Pheromone lures attached directly to the host plant mullein, Verbascum thapsus L., demonstrated that these 'baited" plants attracted significantly more E. conspersus than unbaited plants. Spring (reproductive) and summer (reproductively diapausing) E. conspersus adults, both males and females, were attracted to pheromone-baited plants. There was no significant difference in the number of male or female E. conspersus attracted to pheromone-baited traps or plants in any of the experiments, further characterizing methyl (2E,4Z)-decadienoate as an aggregation, and not a sex pheromone. Stink bug aggregations formed within 24-48 h of lure placement on mullein plants and remained constant until the lure was removed after which aggregations declined over 3-4 d to the level of unbaited plants. The implications of these studies for E. conspersus monitoring and management are discussed.
Checking program profiles (2004)

Execution profiles have become increasingly important for guiding code optimization. However, little has been done to develop ways to check automatically that a profile does, in fact, reflect the actual execution behavior of a program. We describe a framework that uses program monitoring techniques in a way that allows the automatic checking of a wide variety of profile data. We also describe our experiences with using an instance of this framework to check edge profiles. The profile checker uncovered profiling anomalies that were previously unknown and that would have been very difficult to identify using existing techniques.
Demonstrated Reliability of 4-Mb MRAM (2004)

The successful commercialization of MRAM will rely on providing customers with a robust and reliable memory product. The intrinsic reliability of magnetoresistive tunnel junction (MTJ) memory bits and the metal interconnect system of MRAM are two areas of great interest due to the new materials involved in this emerging technology. Time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) and resistance drift were the two main failure mechanisms identified for intrinsic memory bit reliability. Results indicated that a lifetime over 10 years is achievable under the operating condition. For metal interconnect system, the initial results of Cu with magnetic cladding have met the reliability performance of typical nonclad Cu backend process in electromigration (EM) and iso-thermal annealing (ITA). Finally data retention is demonstrated over times orders of magnitude longer than 10 years.
Aluminum inhibits glutamate release from transverse rat hippocampal slices: role of G proteins, Ca channels and protein kinase C. (1992)

Aluminum (Al) has been shown to produce deficits in learning and memory. The present experiments tested the hypothesis that Al-induced inhibition of learning may be due to its effect on glutamate release secondary to changes in calcium channel function and/or intracellular events triggering glutamate release. Calcium-dependent potassium (K)-evoked [14C]-glutamate release from 400 microns transverse rat hippocampal slices was inhibited by Al in a concentration dependent manner (IC50 = 40 microM). Aluminum (30, 100 microM) noncompetitively inhibited Bay K 8644-evoked glutamate release. 4-Aminopyridine (30, 1000 microM) noncompetitively attenuated the Al inhibition of glutamate release, suggesting an Al-induced alteration of Ca channel function. Activation of the Gi protein by R(-)phenylisopropyladenosine (PIA; 1 microM) reduced K-evoked glutamate release 69%, whereas 300 microM Al produced an 84% reduction. These effects were prevented by the Gi protein inhibitor N-ethylmaleimide (NEM; 100 microM), suggesting an effect of Al on the Gi protein to inhibit glutamate release. Phorbol myristate acetate (0.16 microM)-induced glutamate release was inhibited by 300 microM Al and 80 microM polymyxin B, suggesting an Al modulation of protein kinase C (PKC)-evoked glutamate release. These results demonstrate an Al inhibition of glutamate release that may be mediated by multiple, but interconnected mechanisms (e.g., via interactions with Ca systems), providing multiple targets for an Al-induced alteration of neuronal function.
Improved four-color flow cytometry method using fluo-3 and triple immunofluorescence for analysis of intracellular calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) fluxes among mouse lymph node B- and T-lymphocyte subsets (1996)

A visible-light, dual-laser, flow cytometric method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of intracellular ionized calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and three cell-surface markers (CD4, CD8, and Thy-1.2 antigens) by using the calcium probe fluo-3 and using R-phycoerythrin (PE), peridinin chlorophyll-alpha protein (PerCP), and allophycocyanin (APC) conjugated monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). This improved method was used in the analysis of [Ca2+]i mobilization upon in vitro stimulation with mitogenic lectins [phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or concanavalin A (ConA)], anti-CD3 MoAbs, or A23187 calcium ionophore in the heterogeneous lymph node cell populations from healthy C57BL/Ka mice. The present results show that the calcium responses were heterogeneous and dependent on the cellular immunophenotype, not only on lectins or anti-CD3 MoAbs stimulation, but also on the receptor-independent A23187 ionophore stimulation. An in situ fluo-3 calibration method (using A23187 and metabolic poisons in Ca2+ /EGTA buffers with known free calcium concentrations) indicated a resting [Ca2+]i in lymphocytes of 103 +/- 23 nM (mean +/- S.D.) but with significant differences between the [Ca2+]i in B cells and in all of the T-cell subsets (CD4+Thy-1+, CD4+Thy-1-, and CD8+T cells). Both the B cells and the T-cell subsets showed an increase of fluo-3 fluorescence upon in vitro stimulation with ConA or PHA, but the calcium mobilization following lectin stimulation was time delayed in all T-cell subsets. Only the T cells, including the CD4+Thy-1- subset, responded to anti-CD3 MoAbs. The percentage of responding cells upon stimulation with ConA was higher in T cells than in B cells. By contrast, PHA gave a higher response in B cells. After stimulation with different mitogens, [Ca2+]i increased in both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets. However, the percentage of responding cells was far higher in the CD4+Thy-1+ subset than in the CD4+Thy-1- or the CD8+T-cell subsets. The stimulation with A23187 ionophore induced a higher calcium response in B cells than in T cells. Interestingly, it also induced greater Ca2+ mobilization in CD4+ than in CD8+T cells. These results demonstrate the potential use of fluo-3 simultaneously with three fluorescein (FITC)-compatible fluorochromes. This technique may be useful for investigating the role of the CD4+Thy-1-T cells, a rare subset that is abnormally expanded in a murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (murine AIDS).
Longer-than-unit-length viroid minus strands are present in RNA from infected plants (1981)

Nucleic acids isolated from uninfected and potato spindle tuber viroid-infected Rutgers tomato plants were fractionated on agarose gels under two different sets of denaturing conditions and hybridized to (125)I-labeled viroid in a series of blot hybridization experiments. Complementary strand nucleic acids detected in extracts of infected plants were heterogeneous in size, with four discrete bands containing molecules approximately 700, 1050, 1500, and 1800 nucleotides long. Enzymatic studies indicated that these viroid minus strands are composed exclusively of RNA and, as extracted, are present in complexes containing extensive double-stranded regions. After treatment with several RNases under conditions favoring digestion of single-stranded regions, the high molecular weight minus strands can no longer be detected and roughly unit-length minus strands appear. A model for the structure of the viroid replication intermediate is proposed.
Studies on the adjuvant action of beryllium. III. The activity in the plasma of lymph efferent from nodes stimulated with beryllium. (1988)

Efferent lymph from the popliteal or prefemoral lymph nodes was collected from unanaesthetized sheep before and after the injection of insoluble Be(OH)2 into the subcuticulum that was drained by the nodes. Sterile, cell-free plasma from lymph collected during the 48 hr after the injections, induced vigorous lympho-proliferative responses in naive lymph nodes after s.c. injection into autochthonous or allogeneic recipients. The same lymph had an adjuvant action when injected i.p. into both nude and euthymic rats. Many samples of such lymph were screened for biological activity in rats by noting the increase in the weight of the regional popliteal nodes that occurred after the test sample had been injected into the footpad. All the active samples were shown, by atomic absorbance spectroscopy, to contain beryllium, and we concluded that this metal, in the form of soluble Be-protein adducts, was probably the prime mover in all the observed responses.
Automated Manufacturing of Mechatronic Parts by Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion (2018)

S.12-19
Design of the distributed architecture of a machine-tool using FIP fieldbus (2002)

In this paper we propose a distributed control system based on FIP fieldbus. It is applied to machine-tool as a replacement for the traditional CNC (Computerized Numerical Controller). The system is composed of a set of microprocessor-based modules (PCs, motion controllers, I/Os, ...) interconnected by FIP real-time network. The main idea is to enable each module to be intelligent improving thus the flexibility and the fault tolerant capability of the whole system. Each module being a sub-control system, accomplishes its own control task some of them for motion control and others for evaluating sensors and regulating actuators. The communication (information exchanges and synchronization) among these modules is ensured by FIP. This system allows both task distribution as well as equipment topological distribution. We discuss some distribution criteria and describe an experimental implementation.
Structural aspect of high-<i>J</i><sub><i>c</i></sub>MOD-YBCO films prepared on large area CeO<sub>2</sub>-buffered YSZ substrates (2006)

YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) film was prepared by fluorine-free metalorganic deposition (MOD) on a 2-inch-diameter CeO2-buffered yttria-stabilized zirconia (CbYSZ) substrate. The MOD-YBCO films on a flat CbYSZ prepared using a metal acetylacetonate-based coating solution demonstrated high critical current density (Jc), the average being higher than 4 MA/cm2 at 77.3 K and in a self field using an inductive method. The Jc distribution was uniform in the whole area of the MOD-YBCO films on the large size substrates. Cross sectional transmission electron microscopic images of the MOD-YBCO film exhibited a very smooth CeO2/ YSZ and CeO2 buffer layer/ YBCO film interfaces. Both the buffer and the YBCO layers were dense; however, a small amount of (100)-oriented YBCO occurred inside the matrix of (001)-oriented YBCO layers. Also, some distinct dislocations were observed at the CeO2/ YBCO interface. From around the stepped surface of the CeO2 buffer layer there seemed to grow a slightly distorted (001)-oriented YBCO domain, however, the domain restored its (001)-oriented periodicity in the region at some distance above the steps. Such growth mode is considered to correlate the high Jc of the MOD-YBCO film with very small average roughness of CeO2 buffer layer.
Secret Key Rates and Optimization of BB84 and Decoy State Protocols Over Time-Varying Free-Space Optical Channels (2016)

We optimize secret key rates (SKRs) of weak coherent pulse (WCP)-based quantum key distribution (QKD) over time-varying free-space optical channels affected by atmospheric turbulence. The random irradiance fluctuation due to scintillation degrades the SKR performance of WCP-based QKD, and to improve the SKR performance, we propose an adaptive scheme in which transmit power is changed in accordance with the channel state information. We first optimize BB84 and decoy state-based QKD protocols for different channel transmittances. We then present our adaptation method, to overcome scintillation effects, of changing the source intensity based on channel state predictions from a linear autoregressive model while ensuring the security against the eavesdropper. By simulation, we demonstrate that by making the source adaptive to the time-varying channel conditions, SKRs of WCP-based QKD can be improved up to over 20%.
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Relevant but Underused (2010)

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) is a relatively old technology, but has sustained relevance for many primary care clinical scenarios in which it is, ironically, rarely considered. Advancing computer technology has made CPX easier to administer and interpret at a time when our aging population is more prone to comorbidities and higher prevalence of nonspecific symptoms of exercise intolerance and dyspnea, for which CPX is particularly useful diagnostically and prognostically. These discrepancies in application are compounded by patterns in which CPX is often administered and interpreted by cardiology, pulmonary, or exercise specialists who limit their assessments to the priorities of their own discipline, thereby missing opportunities to distinguish symptom origins. When used properly, CPX enables the physician to assess fitness and uncover cardiopulmonary issues at earlier phases of work-up, which would therefore be especially useful for primary care physicians. In this article, we provide an overview of CPX principles and testing logistics, as well as some of the clinical contexts in which it can enhance patient care.