gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and properties of beta-D-galactoside-specific lectin from chick embryo thigh muscle. (1977)

A beta-galactoside-specific lectin, capable of agglutinating trypsinized rabbit erythrocytes, was isolated from 13-day-old embryonic chick thigh muscle and purified 1000-fold by affinity chromatography on asialofetuin/Sepharose and Sephadex G-100. A quantitative hemagglutinin assay based on the disappearance of single erythrocytes in a Coulter electronic particle counter was devised to measure lectin activity at different steps of purification. The molecular weight of the lectin was determined by gel filtration to be approximately 31,000, whereas polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate gave a value of approximately 15,000, suggesting that the lectin is a dimer. The lectin is unstable below pH 5, and it requires the presence of dithiothreitol for the retention of maximal activity. The major portion of this lectin is membrane-bound; only 50% of the activity present in the muscle homogenate could be isolated in soluble form by extraction of muscle acetone powder with a buffer of high ionic strength. In view of the lack of a calcium requirement for its activity, the role of this lectin in myoblast fusion, a calcium-dependent phenomenon, is not clear.
Cluster-Based Inputloutput Trace Synthesis (2005)

U0 traces are crucial for understanding the performance of new storage architectures. Unfonunately, traces are extremely bursy and dificult to characterize. They are large, diflcult to obtain, and unwieldy. In this papel; we aamine a trace synthesis method based on cluster anolysis of time-varying characreristics of I/O traces. Represenfarive truce segments are selected, and synthetic traces are reconsrructedfrom these segments. We show that we can achieve a 5-10% demerit factor for U0 response rimes with a reduction of trace data volume of 75-908.
Modeling and control design of the six-phase Interleaved Double Dual Boost converter (2010)

This paper presents the small-signal modeling and the control design of the six-phase Interleaved Double Dual Boost, which is a non-insulated, step-up DC-DC converter that can be operated with high voltage gain and can be scaled to high-power applications. The applications of this converter include electrical vehicles and renewable energy conversion. Experimental results obtained with a prototype operating with input voltage of 60V and output voltage of 360V and with nominal output power of 2.2kW are presented.
Results of First Salvage Therapy for Patients Refractory to a Fludarabine Regimen in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2002)

Resistance to purine analogs is emerging as a major problem in the management of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Most of these patients have already been exposed to and have become refractory to alkylating agents. To define the natural history of fludarabine (Fludara) refractory patients with CLL, we reviewed the response to first salvage therapy of 147 patients who were refractory to Fludara or had a remission less than six months in duration after a Fludara-containing regimen. Thirty-three (22%) patients responded to their first salvage attempt. However, the median survival was only 10 months. Responders survived significantly longer than non-responders. The most effective salvage regimens were combinations of purine analogs and cyclophosphamide. Patients still possibly sensitive to alkylating agents had a superior response than alkylating agent resistant or naive patients. Subsequent salvage therapy was administered to 61 patients. The most promising results noted in the group were transplantation and the use of Campath-1H antibody. The major morbidity and cause of death were associated with infections. The probability of infection was most strongly associated with the response to salvage therapy. Gram-positive organisms were most commonly associated with infection. However, gram-negative bacilli or opportunistic infection such as fungi, Pneumocystis carinii, acid-fast bacilli and legionella were prominent causes of infection. Fludara-refractory patients are a poor prognosis group and need more effective therapeutic regimens and well-designed infection prophylactic regimens.
Purification of a Soluble UmuD′C Complex from Escherichia coli (1996)

The Escherichia coli UmuD' and UmuC proteins play essential roles in SOS-induced mutagenesis. Previous studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis have been hindered by the lack of availability of a soluble UmuC protein. We report the extensive purification of a soluble UmuD'C complex and its interactions with DNA. The molecular mass of the complex is estimated to be 70 kDa, suggesting that the complex consists of one UmuC (46 kDa) and two UmuD' (12 kDa) molecules. In contrast to its inability to bind to double-stranded DNA, UmuD'C binds cooperatively to single-stranded DNA as measured by agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed by steady-state fluorescence depolarization. A Hill coefficient, n = 3, characterizes the binding of UmuD'C to M13 DNA and to a 600 nucleotide DNA oligomer, suggesting that at least three protein complexes may interact cooperatively when binding to DNA. The apparent equilibrium binding constant of UmuD'C to single-stranded DNA is approximately 300 nM. Binding of the complex to a short, 80 nucleotide, DNA oligonucleotide was detectable by fluorescence depolarization, but it did not appear to be cooperative. Binding of UmuD'C to single-stranded M13 DNA causes an acceleration of the protein-DNA complex, suggesting that the longer DNA may undergo compaction. The UmuD'C complex associates with RecA-coated DNA, and the UmuD'C complex remains bound to DNA in the presence of RecA.
Selective κ receptor partial agonist HS666 produces potent antinociception without inducing aversion after i.c.v. administration in mice (2017)

HS665 and HS666 activate central κ receptors to produce potent antinociception, with HS666 displaying pharmacological characteristics of a κ receptor analgesic with reduced liability for aversive effects correlating with its low efficacy in the β-arrestin2 signalling pathway. Our data provide further understanding of the contribution of central κ receptors in pain suppression, and the prospect of dissociating the antinociceptive effects of HS665 and HS666 from κ receptor-mediated adverse effects.
DEVELOPMENT OF A 10 MW SHEET BEAM KLYSTRON FOR THE ILC (2009)

SLAC is developing a 10 MW, 5 Hz, 1.6 ms, L-band (1.3 GHz) Sheet-Beam Klystron as a less expensive and more compact alternative to the ILC baseline Multiple-Beam Klystron. The Klystron is intended as a plugcompatible device of the same beam current and operating voltage as existing Multiple-Beam Klystrons. At this time, a beam tester has been constructed and currently is in test. The beam tester includes an intercepting cup for making beam quality measurements of the 130 A, 40-to-1 aspect ratio beam. Measurements will be made of the electrostatic beam and of the beam after transporting through a drift tube and magnetic focusing system. General theory of operation, design trade-offs, and manufacturing considerations of both the beam tester and klystron will be discussed.
Tunable high-order harmonic generation and the role of the folded quantum path (2008)

We theoretically demonstrate the selective enhancement of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in two-color laser fields consisting of a single-cycle fundamental wave ($800\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ wavelength) and a multicycle subharmonic wave ($2400\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ wavelength). By performing time-frequency analyses based on a single-active-electron model, we reveal that such an enhancement is a result of the modified electron trajectories in the two-color field. Furthermore, we show that selectively enhanced HHG gives rise to a bandwidth-controllable extreme ultraviolet supercontinuum in the plateau region, facilitating the generation of intense single isolated attosecond pulses.
Miniaturization of Sample Processing for Bioassays (2001)

LLNL has recently licensed its hand-held advanced nucleic-acid analyzer, the HANAA, for commercial development. This (as is characteristic of other miniaturized, portable diagnostic instruments being developed around the world) typically still requires manual sample handling and preparation by skilled operators. Dielectrophoretic and acoustic manipulation of fluids and particles are techniques that have shown good promise to reduce the demands on manual sample preparation both for miniature and for table-top instrumentation.
A Fluorescent Probe for Investigating the Activation of Anticancer Platinum(IV) Prodrugs Based on the Cisplatin Scaffold (2013)

Watching closely: A fluorescent probe was engineered to detect the clinically relevant platinum drug cisplatin within a complex cellular environment, thus providing a direct means for visualizing its cell entry and the activation of platinum(IV) prodrugs in cancer cells. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Moonstone: a novel natural language processing system for inferring social risk from clinical narratives (2019)

The Moonstone system is - to the best of our knowledge - the first freely available, open source natural language processing system designed to extract social risk factors from clinical text with good (lives in facility) to excellent (lives alone) performance. Although developed with the social risk factor identification task in mind, Moonstone provides a powerful tool to address a range of clinical natural language processing tasks, especially those tasks that require nuanced linguistic processing in conjunction with inference capabilities.
Optical‐Fiber‐Mounted Porous Silicon Photonic Crystals for Sensing Organic Vapor Breakthrough in Activated Carbon (2007)

An electrochemically fabricated 1D photonic crystal of porous Si displaying a single reflectance peak is coupled to an optical fiber and embedded in activated carbon to sense the breakthrough of organic vapors (see figure). The sensor responds to various organic vapors, demonstrating filter end-of- service-life applications Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2007/c1294_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Policy-Based Hierarchical Approach for Management of Grids and Networks (2006)

Grids are distributed infrastructures that have been used as an important and powerful resource for distributed computing. Since the nodes of a grid can potentially be located in different administrative domains, the underlying network infrastructure that supports grid communications has to be properly configured to provide efficient node-to-node message exchange. Currently, the management of grids and networks is performed by different and independent tools: there is no tool integration to provide, for example, an automatic network configuration. This forces grids administrators to request, in a non-automated fashion, the configuration of network devices to network administrators. In this paper we present a policy translation mechanism that generates network policies from grid requirements expressed in grid policies. The paper also presents a prototype tool that allows grid administrators to define grid policies, and network administrators to define corresponding translation rules. The proposed translation mechanism and its implementation in the associated tool show that the management of grids and networks can be executed in an integrated way
Mouse heavy chain variable regions: nucleotide sequence of a germ-line V<sub>H</sub>gene segment (1981)

We have constructed a library of Balb/c mouse embryo DNA in the vector Charon 4A. The library was searched for sequences homologous to the VH region of a cloned cDNA of the UPC10 heavy chain mRNA. In this paper, we describe the structure and the partial nucleotide sequence of one of such clones (VH441). The nucleotide sequence of this germ-line gene indicates that it encodes amino-acids 1-98 of the X44 and J601 galactan-binding VH regions, but that it differs from the UPC10 VH segment by four single base changes. The VH gene appears to contain a 101 bases long intervening sequence within a precursor sequence identical to the precursor sequence of UPC10. The 3' non coding sequence of the V gene contains the two conserved sequences found in embryonic V DNA segments, CACAGTG and ACATGAACC, separated by 23 nucleotides and a sequence CACTGTG separated by 33 nucleotides from the first heptamer.
3-Alkyl-3-hydroxyglutaric Acids: A New Class of Hypocholesterolemic HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors. 1 (1985)

Derivatives of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid (HMG), a portion of the substrate for HMG CoA reductase, were prepared and tested for their inhibitory action against rat liver HMG CoA reductase and for their hypocholesterolemic activity. Structure-dependent competitive inhibition was observed. Optimal structures had a free dicarboxylic acid with an alkyl group of 13-16 carbons at position 3. 3-n-Pentadecyl-3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3j) (IC50 = 50 microM) reduced serum cholesterol in the Triton-treated rat and HMG CoA reductase activity in the 20,25-diazacholesterol-treated rat.
Diffusion Phenomena in Thin Films and Microelectronic Materials (1989)

A comprehensive review of diffusion phenomena in thin films and microelectronic materials - theory and technology. Contents include: Bulk Solids and Thin Films Anelastic Relaxation and Diffusion in Thin-Layer Materials Diffusion in Artificially Modulated Thin Films Diffusion and Growth in Oxide Films Diffusion Induced Grain Boundary Migration in Thin Films Effects of Ambients on Thin Film Interactions Electromigration in Metallic Thin Films Diffusion Barriers in Semiconductor Contract Metallization Thermal Stability of Lead-Alloy Josephson Junctions Diffusion and Electromigration of Impurities in Lead Solders.
A Robust Split-and-Merge Text Segmentation Approach for Images (2006)

In this paper we describe a robust approach to segment text from color images. The proposed approach mainly includes four steps. Firstly, a preprocessing step is utilized to enhance text blocks in images; Secondly, these image blocks are split into connected components and most of them are eliminated by a component filtering procedure; Thirdly, the left connected components are merged into several text layers, and a set of appropriate constraints are applied to find the real text layer; finally, the text layer is refined through a post-processing step to generate a binary output. Our experimental results show that the proposed approach has a good performance in character recognition rate and processing speed. Moreover, it is robust to text color, font size, as well as different styles of characters in different languages
The Performance of Perfluoropolyalkylether Oils under Boundary Lubrication Conditions (1988)

Perfluoropolyalkylether (PFPE) oils and greases are being used with increasing frequency on spacecraft as a result of their purported outstanding properties. Previously we demonstrated that, under boundary lubrication, these materials degrade by way of an autocatalytic mechanism. As a result, they have serious limitations that cannot be improved using additives because of the inability of the PFPE fluids to dissolve antiwear additives. A series of wear tests comparing PFPE oils and greases with hydrocarbon fluids under boundary conditions were performed which augment the fundamental studies. As predicted, the performances of the PFPE fluids were below that of the hydrocarbon fluids. The results of the wear tests are discussed in terms of the effect that additives would have on the PFPE degradation mechanism and the overall usefulness of the PFPE fluids under boundary lubrication conditions.
Chitosan‐coated paper: Effects of nisin and different acids on the antimicrobial activity (2004)

Abstract Chitosan coatings prominently improved both the gloss and oxygen barrier properties of paper. The gloss value in the machine direction was increased as a function of added chitosan. An oxygen‐permeability value of 1.1 cm 3 /m 2 d was obtained when 6.9 g/m 2 chitosan was applied to 80 g/m 2 copy paper. In addition, the effects on the mechanical properties were positive, but not significant. The water‐vapor permeability of the paper increased as a result of the chitosan coating. Chitosan dissolved in 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4% lactic acid showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis , whereas acetic and propionic acids (1.6, 3.2, and 6.4%) did not produce any notable activity. Nisin (0.08 g/L) did not enhance the antimicrobial activity of coatings prepared from chitosan dissolved in different acids. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 986–993, 2004
Effect of Geometry on Resonance Absorption of Neutrons by Uranium (1955)

The total resonance absorption of neutrons by spheres of uranium and uranium oxide imbedded in graphite and bombarded with essentially a dE/E spectrum is found to be given by 1/α=c[1+(κ/ρR)] where α is the advantage factor, that is, the ratio of absorption of uranium when distributed uniformly throughout graphite to the absorption when it is lumped in a sphere. R is the radius of the sphere and ρ is its density. c and ρ were measured in various parts of a large graphite block exposed to cyclotron neutrons from the reaction Li (p,n). Values of c and ρ, respectively, are 0.051 and 5.1 g/cm2 for U3O8. In a newer notation, A = 10.9 barns and μ = 1.95 g/cm2.
Getting Physical with Your Chemistry: Mechanically Investigating Local Structure and Properties of Surfaces with the Atomic Force Microscope (2005)

The atomic force microscope is an extremely powerful and versatile tool for probing the chemistry, material properties, and dynamics of surfaces and interfaces at the nanometer and picoNewton scale in a sampleâ€™s native environment. A description of the main components of current instruments, including cantilevers and their design, is presented, along with the modes of operation, origin of contrast, and factors which contribute to the spatial resolution. Key concepts and best practices related to data acquisition, image interpretation, and force measurement are discussed.
UVA-induced damage to DNA and proteins: direct<i>versus</i>indirect photochemical processes (2011)

UVA has long been known for generating an oxidative stress in cells. In this paper we review the different types of DNA damage induced by UVA, i.e. strand breaks, bipyrimidine photoproducts, and oxidatively damaged bases. Emphasis is given to the mechanism of formation that is further illustrated by the presentation of new in vitro data. Examples of oxidation of proteins involved in DNA metabolism are also given.
Effect of <i>Veillonella parvula</i> on the antimicrobial resistance and gene expression of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> grown in a dual‐species biofilm (2008)

Growing in a biofilm together with a non-pathogenic bacterium like V. parvula changes the physiology of S. mutans, and gives this bacterium an advantage in surviving antimicrobial treatment. Thus, the study of pathogens implicated in polymicrobial diseases, such as caries and periodontitis, should be focused more on multispecies biofilms. In addition, the testing of susceptibility to currently used and new antimicrobials should be performed on a multispecies microbial community rather than with single pathogens.
Efficient thermo-mechanical generation of electricity from the heat of radioisotopes (1975)

The thermomechanical generator uses a thermomechanical oscillator to convert heat efficiently into a mechanical oscillation which in turn excites a suitable transducer to generate alternating electricity. The thermomechanical oscillator used is based on the Stirling cycle, but avoids the need for rotary motion and for sliding pistons by having a mechanically-resonant, spring- suspended displacer, and by using an oscillating metal diaphragm to provide the mechanical output. The diaphragm drives an alternator consisting of a spring- suspended permanent magnet oscillating between fixed pole pieces which carry the electrical power output windings. Because a thermomechanical generator is much more efficient than a thermo-electric generator at comparable temperatures, it is particularly suitable for use with a radioisotope heat source. The amounts of radioisotope and of shielding required are both greatly reduced. A machine heated by radioisotopes and delivering 10.7W ac at 80Hz began operating in October, 1974. Operating experience with this machine is reported, and these results, together with those obtained with higher-powered machines heated by other means, are used to calculate characteristics and performance of thermo- mechanical radioisotope generators capable of using heat sources such as the waste-management $sup 90$Sr radioisotope sources becoming available from the US nuclear waste management programme. Amore » design to use one of these heat sources in a 52-W underwater generator is described. (auth)« less
BGP Extensions for IPv6 Compressed Routing Header (CRH) (2019)

This document describes a new BGP extension for signalling the mapping
between Segment Identifiers (SID's), as used by a SRv6+ Compressed
Routing Header (CRH) and the IPv6 Addresses they represent. The
extension defines both a new optional BGP attribute to signal the
Maximum SID Value (MSV) and a new Sub-Address Family (SAFI) of the
IPv6 Address family.
A 0.6-V 10-bit 200-kS/s Fully Differential SAR ADC With Incremental Converting Algorithm for Energy Efficient Applications (2016)

This paper proposes a fully differential 10-bit energy efficient successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) by using incremental converting method. The voltage difference of the input between two successive samples is acquired and resolved. A judge window is properly designed, and several conversion steps of significant bits could be skipped when the voltage difference is within the preset window. Thus, the power consumptions of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC), logic circuit, and comparator are greatly saved. Moreover, the differential structure also helps to suppress common mode noise and even harmonic noise. The design is implemented with a standard 0.18-μm CMOS technology. Test results show that the power consumption of the ADC with the proposed algorithm is reduced by at least 42.8% comparing to the conventional structure. The measured DNL and INL are within 0.29 LSB and 0.80 LSB, respectively. At a 0.6-V supply and a 200-kS/s sampling rate, the ADC achieves an ENOB of 9.34 and a figure-of-merit of 8.87 fJ/conv.-step.