gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person (1971)

What philosophers have lately come to accept as analysis of the concept of a person is not actually analysis of that concept at all. Strawson, whose usage represents the current standard, identifies the concept of a person as “the concept of a type of entity such that both predicates ascribing states of consciousness and predicates ascribing corporeal characteristics...are equally applicable to a single individual of that single type.”1 But there are many entities besides persons that have both mental and physical properties. As it happens—though it seems extraordinary that this should be so—there is no common English word for the type of entity Strawson has in mind, a type that includes not only human beings but animals of various lesser species as well. Still, this hardly justifies the misappropriation of a valuable philosophical term.
Better Lesion Creation And Assessment During Catheter Ablation. (2015)

Permanent destruction of abnormal cardiac tissue responsible for cardiac arrhythmogenesis whilst avoiding collateral tissue injury forms the cornerstone of catheter ablation therapy. As the acceptance and performance of catheter ablation increases worldwide, limitations in current technology are becoming increasingly apparent in the treatment of complex arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation. This review will discuss the role of new technologies aimed to improve lesion formation with the ultimate goal of improving arrhythmia-free survival of patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias.
Resolving Uncertainty in R&D Portfolios (2000)

OVERVIEW:Two major reasons for the limited success of R&D portfolio analysis are failure to address qualitative information and reliance upon single-point values for estimates rather than focusing on the key drivers of uncertainty. Uncertainty should be addressed as a principal aspect of the analysis throughout the life of the project. Key metrics and their weightings must also change as one moves from early through later stages of a project. Results of the project assessments can be summarized in a series of charts, including probability of success versus NPV (using ellipses), project sales over the next five years, resource allocations on each project, and the listing of key sources of uncertainty for each project.
Purification and Characterization of the Heat‐Stable Factors Essential for the Conversion of Lignoceric Acid to Cerebronic Acid and Glutamic Acid: Identification of <i>N</i>‐Acetyl‐<scp>l</scp>‐Aspartic Acid (1983)

The conversion of lignoceric acid to cerebronic acid, ceramides, cerebrosides, and glutamic acid is catalyzed by a rat brain particulate preparation. The heat-stable factor, prepared from calf cerebellum, together with the heat-labile factor, a pyridine nucleotide, and Mg2+ are essential to all of these metabolic pathways. Our previous work showed that the heat-stable factor is composed of at least two components, HSF-1 and HSF-2, and identified HSF-2 as D-glucose-6-phosphate. In the current investigation, HSF-1 was further purified and found to be N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid. In addition, it was discovered that a third component, HSF-3, is also required for heat-stable factor activity. A reconstituted system composed of N-acetylaspartic acid, glucose-6-phosphate, and HSF-3 fully replaced the heat-stable factor essential for the conversion of lignoceric acid to cerebronic acid and glutamic acid. The reconstituted heat-stable factor did not show the initial time lag always observed with the crude heat-stable factor.
Inactivation of <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> by High Voltage Electric Pulses (1995)

ABSTRACT A 30 kV pulsed power treatment system was designed and developed to process fluid materials. Our objective was to investigate the effects of high voltage electric pulses on microbial inactivation in an aqueous solution under different operating conditions and fluid properties. Electric field strength at 10 kV/cm for 10 pulses (2 set pulse period and 2 Fsec pulse width) with a spike of reverse polarity resulted in significant microbial control. P. fluorescens in various aqueous solutions were reduced in population by more than six log cycles. However, the critical electric field strength was affected by the nature of the pulse waveform across the treatment chamber which, in turn, was a function of electrode distance and fluid properties. Sudden charge reversal immediately at the end of a pulse provided maximum microbial decay.
Environmental policy in the hotel sector: “green” strategy or stratagem? (1996)

Illustrates alternative “green” strategies to indicate possible reactions of the hotel sector to the environmental issue and the extent of the “greening” process on the control system. Discusses the results of a questionnaire survey into the environmental standing of an hotel and the control system used to appraise the hotel manager. Analysis is based on comparison of hotel managers operating with an environmental policy and those managers operating without. Tentative conclusions drawn would indicate that although a number of companies have adopted an environmental policy, in general, the hotel sector is not taking a proactive approach to environmental concerns.
Digital holographic storage system incorporating thermal fixing in lithium niobate (1996)

We describe a digital holographic data storage system that uses in situ thermal fixing to achieve nonvolatile readout. The system was used to store and fix 530 holograms representing 1.7 MB of digital data. The system demonstrates that fixing by heating after recording gives adequate performance for multiplex holography in the perpendicular recording geometry. The postrecording heating procedure is preferred over high-temperature recording in the perpendicular geometry to achieve Bragg matching for the entire signal angular bandwidth.
Development of an Aeroelastic Modeling Capability for Transient Nozzle Side Load Analysis (2013)

Lateral nozzle forces are known to cause severe structural damage to any new rocket engine in development during test. While three-dimensional, transient, turbulent, chemically reacting computational fluid dynamics methodology has been demonstrated to capture major side load physics with rigid nozzles, hot-fire tests often show nozzle structure deformation during major side load events, leading to structural damages if structural strengthening measures were not taken. The modeling picture is incomplete without the capability to address the two-way responses between the structure and fluid. The objective of this study is to develop a coupled aeroelastic modeling capability by implementing the necessary structural dynamics component into an anchored computational fluid dynamics methodology. The computational fluid dynamics component is based on an unstructured-grid, pressure-based computational fluid dynamics formulation, while the computational structural dynamics component is developed in the framework of modal analysis. Transient aeroelastic nozzle startup analyses of the Block I Space Shuttle Main Engine at sea level were performed. The computed results from the aeroelastic nozzle modeling are presented.
Iron impurities as non-radiative recombination centres in chalcogenide glasses (1979)

Abstract Photoluminescence and E.S.R. studies have been carried out on pure and iron-doped As2S3 glass. The luminescence spectra, photoluminescence excitation spectra, temperature dependence of the luminescence efficiency, and luminescence fatiguing curves demonstrate that the iron impurities quench the luminescence efficiency by introducing competing non-radiative recombination centres. The E.S.R. measurements reveal that iron is a pervasive inadvertent impurity even in nominally pure chalcogenide glasses. It is suggested that non-radiative recombination occurs by transfer of an exciton's recombination energy to localized d-band excited states of an iron ion; the excited iron ion then relaxes non-radiatively by phonon emission.
Influence of the electrical interface properties on the rheological behavior of sonicated soy lecithin dispersions (2007)

A significant effect, on the rheological behavior, due to the electrical properties of vesicles formed from concentrated soy lecithin dispersions have been studied in this work. The rheopectic behavior of concentrated soy lecithin dispersions (120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 g L-1) prepared by swelling-light sonication-freezing-unfreezing procedure is studied and it is specially emphasized on the transition under steady shear from lamellar phase of planar sheets to closed structures as multilamellar vesicles. Samples have been exposed to a different number of sonication cycles (from 0 to 100) and the changes in the hysteresis loop area, the apparent viscosity and the electrophoretic mobility have been studied. When the number of sonication cycles increases, the size and number of bilayers of these multilamellar vesicles decrease and therefore the total number of the vesicles and the volume fraction occupied by them show an increase.
Curcumin: Therapeutical Potential in Ophthalmology (2013)

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is the main curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice turmeric (Curcuma longa). In the last 50 years, in vitro and in vivo experiments supported the main role of polyphenols and curcumin for the prevention and treatment of many different inflammatory diseases and tumors.The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties of curcumin are due to different cellular mechanisms: this compound, in fact, produces different responses in different cell types. Unfortunately, because of its low solubility and oral bioavailability, the biomedical potential of curcumin is not easy to exploit; for this reason more attention has been given to nanoparticles and liposomes, which are able to improve curcumin's bioavailability. Pharmacologically, curcumin does not show any dose-limiting toxicity when it is administered at doses of up to 8 g/day for three months. It has been demonstrated that curcumin has beneficial effects on several ocular diseases, such as chronic anterior uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and dry eye syndrome. The purpose of this review is to report what has so far been elucidated about curcumin properties and its potential use in ophthalmology.
Very low resistance multilayer Ohmic contact to <i>n</i>-GaN (1996)

A new metallization scheme has been developed for obtaining very low Ohmic contact to n-GaN. The metallization technique involves the deposition of a composite metal layer Ti/Al/Ni/Au (150 Å/2200 Å/400 Å/500 Å) on n-GaN preceded by a reactive ion etching (RIE) process which most likely renders the surface highly n type. Of the several attempts and with annealing at 900 °C for 30 s, contacts with specific resistivity values of ρs=8.9×10−8 Ω cm2 or lower for a doping level of 4×1017 cm−3 were obtained. The physical mechanism underlying the realization of such a low resistivity is elucidated.
Kinetics of the reactions of silicon compounds. Part VI. Photolytic addition of trimethylsilane to tetrafluoroethylene (1970)

Irradiation of trimethylsilane–tetrafluoroethylene mixtures at λ 250 nm leads to no reaction in the absence of mercury-photosensitisation. Kinetic studies reveal that the photochemical addition reaction which is normally observed: Me3SiH + C2F4 [graphic omitted] Me3Si·CF2·CHF2 is sensitised by the traces of mercury vapour which are almost inevitably present in the systems used for preparative work. The reaction is initiated by Hg 6(3P1) sensitised dissociation of trimethylsilane to give trimethylsilyl radicals and hydrogen atoms; the latter abstract hydrogen atoms from trimethylsilane to produce molecular hydrogen. The trimethylsilyl radicals enter a free-radical chain propagating sequence leading to the production of the 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 adducts Me3Si(CF2·CF2)nH, where n= 1 or 2, and the kinetics of the formation of these compounds are consistent with the proposed chain mechanism, which involves termination predominantly by tetrafluoro-2-trimethylsilylethyl radical recombination.Preliminary results are presented for the trimethylsilane–1,1-difluoroethylene system, which fails to yield useful quantities of adduct.
Robust Tagging in Strange Circumstance (2005)

This paper aims to propose a new scheme for robust tagging for landmark definition in unknown circumstance using some qualitative evaluations based on Orientation code representation and matching which has been proposed for robust image registration even in the presence of change in illumination and occlusion. Necessary characteristics for effective tags: richness, similarity, and uniqueness, are considered in order to design an algorithm for tag detection. These qualitative considerations can be utilized to design simple and robust algorithm for tag definition in combination with the robust image registration algorithm.
B.3 Spatial Autocorrelation (2010)

In this chapter we review the concept of spatial autocorrelation and its attributes. Our purpose is to outline the various formulations and measures of spatial autocorrelation and to point out how the concept helps assess the spatial nature of georeferenced data. For a fuller treatment of the subject, a number of texts, written at various junctures in the development of the concept and at differing levels of mathematical sophistication, spell out many of the details not discussed here (Cliff and Ord 1973, 1981; Miron 1984; Upton and Fingleton 1985; Goodchild 1986; Odland 1988; Anselin 1988; Haining 1990a; Legendre 1993; Dubin 1998; Griffith 1987, 1988, 2003). In addition, and as background to this chapter, Haining’s contribution in this volume (see Chapter B.1) gives a clear view of the nature of georeferenced data. Our goal is to briefly describe the literature on this subject so that the spatial autocorrelation concept is accessible to those who (i) are new to dealing with georeferenced data in a research framework or (ii) have worked with georeferenced data previously but without explicit knowledge of how the concept can be beneficial to them in their research. We are constrained by space and, as a result, our plan is to be short on explanations but identify key literature where the reader will find further details. After defining and briefly giving the background for the concept of spatial autocorrelation in this section, we explain the concept’s attributes and uses in Section B.3.2. In the next section, we discuss the matrices that must be created in order to assess most measures of the spatial autocorrelation concept. We outline the various spatial autocorrelation formulations in Section B.3.4. This is followed in Section B.3.5 with a short discussion of the problems in applying the concept in research situations. Finally, Section B.3.6 provides a brief description of available spatial autocorrelation software. The reference list can serve as a guide to the literature in this area.
Nucleotide sequence of lysC gene encoding the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase III of Escherichia coli K12. Evolutionary pathway leading to three isofunctional enzymes. (1986)

The lysC gene encoding the lysine-sensitive aspartokinase III of Escherichia coli K12 has been cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. Analysis of the deduced protein sequence (449 amino acid residues) reveals that the entire sequence of aspartokinase III is homologous to the N-terminal part of the two iso- and bifunctional aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenases I and II of E. coli. An evolutionary pathway leading to the three molecular species present in the same organism is proposed, and the possible involvement of a highly conserved region in subunit interactions is discussed.
Reachability analysis of feature interactions (1996)

Features are added to an existing system to add functionality. A new feature interacts with an existing feature if the behavior of the existing feature is changed by the presence of the new feature. Our research group has started to investigate how to detect feature interactions during the requirements phase of feature development. We have adopted a layered state-transition machine model that prioritizes features and avoids interactions due to non-determinism. We have a tabular notation for specifying behavioral requirements of services and features. Specifications are composed into a reachability graph, and the graph is searched for feature interactions. This paper demonstrates how reachability analysis has been used to automatically detect known control interactions, data interactions, and resource contentions among telephony features.
Purified Haemoglobin Preparations in the Evaluation of HbA<sub>1c</sub> Determination by Ion Exchange Chromatography (1993)

The use of ion exchange resins for the estimation of HbA1c in clinical samples rests on the assumption that HbA1c is effectively and efficiently separated from other N-terminally modified haemoglobins and from HbA0. To test this assumption, we applied highly purified preparations of HbA(1a+1b, HbA1c and HbA0 to ion exchange minicolumns, using conditions of application simulating actual blood samples and the first and second elution buffers provided by the manufacturer. The authenticity and purity of the applied haemoglobin preparations were documented by high performance liquid chromatography, gel electrophoresis and carbohydrate content. About 40% of the applied HbA(1a+1b) eluted in the first fraction; 45% eluted in the second fraction, and 10% to 15% required 1 mol/L NaCl to elute from the column. Of the applied HbA1c, 65-80% eluted where expected in the second fraction, about 20% required 1 mol/L NaCl to elute from the column, and the remainder eluted with HbA(1a+1b). Some 3-6% of pure HbA0 applied to minicolumns emerged in the second fraction, with the remainder eluting as expected after making the buffer 1 mol/L in NaCl. The results indicate that the fraction eluting from ion exchange minicolumn chromatography that is designated 'HbA1c' contains HbA(1a+1b), and that a substantial portion of the HbA1c in an applied sample does not elute in this fraction.
Glycodendritic structures: promising new antiviral drugs (2004)

DC-SIGN, a C-type lectin expressed by dendritic cells, is able to recognize high mannosylated glycoproteins at the surface of a broad range of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. For at least some of these agents this interaction appears to be an important part of the infection process. Therefore, this lectin might be considered in the design of new antiviral drugs. In this manner, multivalent carbohydrate systems based on dendrimers and dendritic polymers are promising candidates as antiviral drugs. Boltorn hyperbranched dendritic polymers functionalized with mannose have been used to inhibit DC-SIGN-mediated infection in an Ebola-pseudotyped viral model. Their physiological solubility, lack of toxicity and especially their low price suggest the application of these glycodendritic polymers for possible formulation as microbicides.
Covalent Attachment of Polyribonucleotides to Polydeoxyribonucleotides Catalyzed by Deoxyribonucleic Acid Ligase (1974)

Abstract DNA ligase isolated from Escherichia coli or phage T4-infected E. coli catalyzes the covalent joining of the 5'-phosphate termini of polydeoxyribonucleotides and 3'-hydroxyl termini of polyribonucleotides. This reaction occurs with poly(dA) and poly(A) in the presence of poly(dT). The 5'-phosphate terminus of poly[d(A-T)] can be linked by an intramolecular reaction to its 3'-hydroxyl terminus substituted with a ribonucleotide. Phage T4-induced DNA ligase also joins poly(dT) to poly(U) in the presence of poly(dA). The joining of 5'-phosphate termini of polyribonucleotides to 3'-hydroxyl termini of polydeoxyribonucleotides was detected only with phage T4-induced DNA ligase. This reaction, however, occurred to a limited extent with poly(dA) substrates containing AMP residues at the 5' terminus in the presence of poly(dT). These results suggest that although DNA ligase from E. coli is incapable of joining RNA to RNA, it is capable of joining 5'-phosphate terminus of a DNA to the 3'-hydroxyl terminus of RNA in addition to the well known joining reaction between DNA to DNA. The phage T4-induced DNA ligase on the other hand joins DNA to DNA, RNA to RNA, and RNA to DNA in all combinations.
TLB-Based Temporality-Aware Classification in CMPs with Multilevel TLBs (2017)

Recent proposals are based on classifying memory accesses into private or shared in order to process private accesses more efficiently and reduce coherence overhead. The classification mechanisms previously proposed are either not able to adapt to the dynamic sharing behavior of the applications or require frequent broadcast messages. Additionally, most of these classification approaches assume single-level translation lookaside buffers (TLBs). However, deeper and more efficient TLB hierarchies, such as the ones implemented in current commodity processors, have not been appropriately explored. This paper analyzes accurate classification mechanisms in multilevel TLB hierarchies. In particular, we propose an efficient data classification strategy for systems with distributed shared last-level TLBs. Our approach classifies data accounting for temporal private accesses and constrains TLB-related traffic by issuing unicast messages on first-level TLB misses. When our classification is employed to deactivate coherence for private data in directory-based protocols, it improves the directory efficiency and, consequently, reduces coherence traffic to merely 53.0 percent, on average. Additionally, it avoids some of the overheads of previous classification approaches for purely private TLBs, improving average execution time by nearly 9 percent for large-scale systems.
Mechanisms of action of environmental factors – tobacco smoking (2005)

Tobacco smoking has widespread systemic effects, many of which may provide mechanisms for the increased susceptibility to periodontitis and the poorer response to treatment.
Analysis of the current status of time-lapse seismic technology (2007)

This paper briefly introduced the progress in time-lapse seismic as shown from the 76th SEG annual meeting.Topics include the repeatability of time-lapse seismic,in which we discussed the effects of shooting and receiving environments on repeatability,the effects of the cable length and its positioning accuracy and stability on repeatability,and the data processing techniques to improve repeatability,new insights into time-lapse seismic,in which we described tube wave time-lapse response,spectral decomposition,and time-lapse VSP monitoring,and problems related to application of time-lapse seismic technology.The comprehensive applications of time-lapse seismic and other geophysical data were demonstrated with the real data from an oilfield.Finally,we summarized the difficulties in using time-lapse seismic and outlooked its future trend.
Peer to peer transactions in agent-mediated electronic commerce (2001)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2001.