gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Confined Formation of Ultrathin ZnO Nanorods/Reduced Graphene Oxide Mesoporous Nanocomposites for High-Performance Room-Temperature NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors (2016)

Here we demonstrate high-performance room-temperature NO<sub>2</sub> sensors based on ultrathin ZnO nanorods/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) mesoporous nanocomposites. Ultrathin ZnO nanorods were loaded on rGO nanosheets by a facile two-step additive-free solution synthesis involving anchored seeding followed by oriented growth. The ZnO nanorod diameters were simply controlled by the seed diameters associated with the spatial confinement effects of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. Compared to the solely ZnO nanorods and rGO-based sensors, the optimal sensor based on ultrathin ZnO nanorods/rGO nanocomposites exhibited higher sensitivity and quicker p-type response to parts per million level of NO<sub>2</sub> at room temperature, and the sensitivity to 1 ppm of NO<sub>2</sub> was 119% with the response and recovery time being 75 and 132 s. Moreover, the sensor exhibited full reversibility, excellent selectivity, and a low detection limit (50 ppb) to NO<sub>2</sub> at room temperature. In addition to the high transport capability of rGO as well as excellent NO<sub>2</sub> adsorption ability derived from ultrathin ZnO nanorods and mesoporous structures, the superior sensing performance of the nanocomposites was attributed to the synergetic effect of ZnO and rGO, which was realized by the electron transfer across the ZnO-rGO interfaces through band energy alignment.
Hepatitis C (1998)

Hepatitis C virus commonly causes chronic liver disease. Chronicity as a result of the failure of T-cell-mediated immunity, liver damage caused by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and the evolution of genetic diversity characterize hepatitis C infection. Progression, typically silent, is determined by sex, age, alcohol and immune status. Interferon and ribavirin are effective in the substantial minority of patients with less advanced fibrosis and lower hepatitis C viral loads.
Survey on artificial intelligence for additive manufacturing (2017)

Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects are now more and more realised through 3D printing, known as an evolutional paradigm in the manufacturing industry. Artificial intelligence is currently finding wide applications to 3D printing for an intelligent, efficient, high quality, mass customised and service-oriented production process. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of artificial intelligence in 3D printing. Before a printing task begins, the printability of given 3D objects can be determined through a printability checker using machine learning. The prefabrication of slicing is accelerated through parallel slicing algorithms and the path planning is optimised intelligently. In the aspect of service and security, intelligent demand matching and resource allocation algorithms enable a Cloud service platform and evaluation model to provide clients with an on-demand service and access to a collection of shared resources. We also present three machine learning algorithms to detect product defects in the presence of cyber-attacks. Based on the reviews on various applications, printability with multi-indicators, reduction of complexity threshold, acceleration of prefabrication, real-time control, enhancement of security and defect detection for customised designs are seen of good opportunities for further research, especially in the era of Industry 4.0.
Adiponectin downregulates galectin‐3 whose cellular form is elevated whereas its soluble form is reduced in type 2 diabetic monocytes (2009)

Galectin-3 plays a role in atherosclerotic diseases, and the effect of adiponectin that protects from atherosclerotic diseases on monocytic galectin-3 was analysed. Adiponectin reduced galectin-3 mRNA, its cellular and soluble form, and this effect was impaired in T2D cells. Cellular galectin-3 was higher in monocytes of overweight than normal-weight donors and was highest in T2D cells. Cellular galectin-3 positively correlated with the BMI of the donors and negatively with soluble monocyte galectin-3. Circulating levels of total adiponectin did not correlate with cellular or soluble galectin-3 indicating that additional factors contribute to higher cellular monocytic galectin-3 in obesity and T2D.
Bacteria Counting with Impedance Spectroscopy in a Micro Probe Station (2006)

A method to quantify the density of viable biological cells in suspensions is presented. The method is implemented by low-frequency impedance spectroscopy and based on the finding that immobilized ions are released to move freely in the surrounding suspension when viable Escherichia coli cells are killed by a heat shock. The presented results show that an amount of ions corresponding to approximately 2 x 10(8) unit charges are released per viable bacterium killed. A micro probe station with coplanar Ti electrodes was electrically characterized and used as a measuring unit for the impedance spectroscopy recordings. This unit is compatible with common microfabrication techniques and should enable the presented method to be employed using a flow-cell device for viable bacteria counting in miniaturized on-line monitoring systems.
Trialing a semi-automated line cage for scent detection by African pouched rats. (2018)

In this study, we trialed the use of a semiautomated line cage with African pouched rats for scent-detection tasks. The apparatus was a 2100 × 410 × 520-mm cage with 10 wells in the floor, under which samples were loaded. A nose-poke response was recorded by an infrared beam. Breaking this beam for
Recurrent heterozygous missense mutation, p.Gly573Ser, in the TRPV3 gene in an Indian boy with sporadic Olmsted syndrome (2012)

Olmsted syndrome (OS) is a rare genodermatosis that is often difficult to diagnose because of clinical overlap with other disorders and its uncertain mode of inheritance. The molecular basis of OS was investigated in an Indian boy using comparative exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing data. Sequencing identified a G-to-A transition at position c.573 in the TRPV3 gene, producing the missense mutation p.Gly573Ser in the proband. This mutation was not identified in the mother. This study supports the recent finding of TRPV3 as the gene implicated in OS and suggests that the mutation p.Gly573Ser may be a recurrent abnormality in this genodermatosis.
美国放射学概况第二部分 教学,科研,学术团体与刊物 (1997)

美国放射学概况第二部分教学、科研、学术团体与刊物ＷｉｌｉａｍＥ．Ｂｒａｎｔ，Ｍ．Ｄ．①顾伟中②专业培训在美国，医学专业的培训是相当正规的，而且受到严格的管理，在完成专业培训后可取得美国医学专业委员会颁发的医学专业资格证书。大多数医师在医学院毕业后会先...
A Wideband SMM Antenna with Gap and Dielectric Loadings (2011)

A wideband four-arm spiral mode microstrip (SMM) antenna, which is loaded by dielectric and gap, is introduced in this paper. This antenna, which operates at mode 0, uses a shallow back cavity to suppress back radiation. Gap-loading and dielectric-loading are used to decrease the voltage standing wave ratio (vswr) of the antenna. A capacitive gap is introduced by a metal ring strip around the spiral, and a nylon disk is attached to the supporting substrate to introduce dielectric-loading. Measured results show that vswr of the antenna is noticeably lowered by dielectric and gap-loading (fractional bandwidth of vswr <; 2.5 is larger than 77%). The measured radiation patterns agree well with the simulated results, and show relatively good symmetry.
The number 5 crossbar dial telephone switching system (1950)

The Number 5 Crossbar System is the newest switching system to be installed for use with dial telephones. It is capable of operation with all present local, tandem, and toll switching systems. It can be used for as few as four digits in a subscriber number, or as many as 11 digits may be used to code the called subscriber completely
Mechanism of Selective Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si Patterns (2003)

During the chemical vapor deposition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes using the vapor phase delivery of a metal-organic (ferrocene) catalyst precursor, a strong selectivity for growth on patterned SiO2/Si substrates has been observed. A mechanism for this selective growth is described here. Delivered metal particles (Fe) on Si and SiO2 regions were investigated using several high-resolution characterization techniques. Active iron catalyst (γ iron) particles were formed on the silicon oxide surface resulting in the formation of highly aligned nanotubes on this substrate. However, in the Si regions, stable FeSi2 and Fe2SiO4 particles were formed due to chemical reactions between silicon surface and Fe particles at high temperature leading to an inhibition of nanotube growth in the Si regions.
Four-Frame Gated Optical Imager With 120-ps Resolution (1988)

In this paper we describe the operation and applications of a commercially available framing camera capable of four separate two-dimensional images with each frame having a 120-ps gate width. The time separation between frames can be selected arbitrarily. Fast gating of a single frame is accomplished by using a wafer image intensifier tube in which the cathode is capacitively coupled to an external electrode placed outside of the input window of the tube. This electrode is then pulsed relative to the microchannel plate by a narrow (120 ps), high-voltage pulse. The transmission of the tube as a function of time has been verified using a laser-diode pulser and is approximately Gaussian with a FWHM of 120 ps. Multiple frames are obtained by using multiple gated tubes which can then share a single bias supply and pulser with relative gate times selected by the cable lengths between the tubes and the pulser. A beamsplitter system has been constructed which produces a separate image for each tube from a single scene. In the present system, the tubes use S-20 photocathodes with an 18 mm diameter and quartz input windows. Spatial resolution is unchanged between d.c. and fast gated operations and has been measured to 10 1p/mm. Applications to time-dependent behavior will be presented.
ALUMINUM-AIR (SALT WATER) BATTERY FOR VEHICLES (1987)

This report discusses the development of a 12 volt, 250 watt aluminum-air (salt water electrolyte) battery and its use to demonstrate the concept of range extension in electric vehicles using two types of battery. Two 12-v 20-a multicell aluminum-air batteries were constructed and tested in a 24-v series configuration. They yielded 100 wh/kg and 15 w/kg. The problems of heat removal, hydrogen dispersal and by-product management were resolved. The batteries were then placed in parallel with lead-acid batteries in a 24 volt golf cart. A device was developed for the aluminum-air battery to trickle charge the lead acid battery. The hybrid system more than doubled vehicle range as compared to that obtained using lead-acid batteries only, with an equal mass and a similar capacity rating. (a)
A Study on the Regional Stronghold Facilities for the Exchanges between Cities and Rural Areas - Focused on the health villages of Setagaya Ward in Kawaba-village,Tone-gun,Gunma-pref.,Japan - (2009)

This study aims at the contribution to introduction of facilities and planning for the promotion of the exchange between city and rural community and the promotion of the rural areas. In order to understand the object of the Setagaya Ward Health Village and the management and the effects of facilities, I investigated the documentation, field work and interviews with the persons related. The Setagaya Ward Health Village has been steadily managing the exchange base facilities and the special enterprises, and operating the manager and promotion committees for the projects. Consequently, many tourism facilities and new enterprises such as the Setagaya-Kawaba Corporation were established in the rural areas and they developed into an active region which has abundant jobs available and attracts about 700,000 visitors a year. In conclusion, it is important to make a main body to manage professionally the future plan of facilities which involve image of the regional future and conform to the law. And the facilities should contribute to the economic development of rural areas in consideration of the environment and culture.
Biochemical Evidence for the Involvement of Tyrosine in Epoxide Activation during the Catalytic Cycle of Epoxide Hydrolase (2000)

Epoxide hydrolases (EH) catalyze the hydrolysis of epoxides and arene oxides to their corresponding diols. The crystal structure of murine soluble EH suggests that Tyr(465) and Tyr(381) act as acid catalysts, activating the epoxide ring and facilitating the formation of a covalent intermediate between the epoxide and the enzyme. To explore the role of these two residues, mutant enzymes were produced and the mechanism of action was analyzed. Enzyme assays on a series of substrates confirm that both Tyr(465) and Tyr(381) are required for full catalytic activity. The kinetics of chalcone oxide hydrolysis show that mutation of Tyr(465) and Tyr(381) decreases the rate of binding and the formation of an intermediate, suggesting that both tyrosines polarize the epoxide moiety to facilitate ring opening. These two tyrosines are, however, not implicated in the hydrolysis of the covalent intermediate. Sequence comparisons showed that Tyr(465) is conserved in microsomal EHs. The substitution of analogous Tyr(374) with phenylalanine in the human microsomal EH dramatically decreases the rate of hydrolysis of cis-stilbene oxide. These results suggest that these tyrosines perform a significant mechanistic role in the substrate activation by EHs.
Acquisition and retention of verbal associations to olfactory and abstract visual stimuli of varying similarity. (1977)

The similarity among a set of stimuli used in a paired-associate (PA) task was controlled by psychological scaling. Three lists of odorants and two lists of abstract figures (forms) with six stimuli in each list were constructed to have varying degrees of intralist similarity. Independent groups learned to associate digit responses with one stimulus list in a PA training session. Recognition of training stimuli presented among 12 distractor stimuli and recall of the associations was tested after 7 days. Within each modality, increased intralist similarity impaired PA acquisition. Between modalities, acquisition was inferior with the odor stimuli. During recognition testing, the olfactory modality supported inferior performance. In recall testing, equivalently learned responses in the two modalities were equally well retained. There appears to be a perceptual limitation in olfaction relative to vision that influences stimulus encoding and stimulus retrieval processes but that does not affect retrieval of associated responses.
Shadow Removal from a Single Image (2006)

Shadow detection and removal in real scene images is always a challenging but yet intriguing problem. In contrast with the rapidly expanding and continuous interests on this area, it is always hard to provide a robust system to eliminate shadows in static images. This paper aimed to give a comprehensive method to remove both vague and hard shadows from a single image. First, classification is applied to the derivatives of the input image to separate the vague shadows. Then, color invariant is exploited to distinguish the hard shadow edges from the material edges. Next, we derive the illumination image via solving the standard Poisson equation. Finally, we got the shadow-free reflectance image. Experimental results showed that our method can robustly remove both vague and hard shadows appearing in the real scene images
Characterization of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 Receptor-Mediated Obesity in Mice: Chronic Intracerebroventricular Infusion of<scp>d</scp>-Trp<sup>34</sup>NPY (2003)

To clarify the role of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 receptor subtype in energy homeostasis, the effect of the intracerebroventricular infusion of a selective Y5 agonist, D-Trp(34)NPY, was investigated in C57BL/6J mice. Intracerebroventricular infusion of D-Trp(34)NPY (5 and 10 microg/d) produced hyperphagia and body weight gain, accompanied by increased adipose tissue weight, hypercholesterolemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia. Oral administration of a selective Y5 antagonist at a dose of 100 mg/kg twice a day completely suppressed all of these D-Trp(34)NPY-induced changes, indicating that chronic activation of the Y5 receptor produces hyperphagia and obesity. In addition, D-Trp(34)NPY still resulted in an increase in adipose tissue weight accompanied by hyperleptinemia and hypercholesterolemia, although D-Trp(34)NPY-induced food intake was restricted by pair-feeding. Under the pair-fed condition, D-Trp(34)NPY decreased hormone-sensitive lipase activity in white adipose tissue and uncoupling protein-1 mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue. These findings indicate that Y5-mediated obesity may involve metabolic changes, such as decreased lipolysis and thermogenesis, as well as hyperphagia. Therefore, the Y5 receptor can play a key role in regulating energy homeostasis.
Development of a Laser Based Process Chain for Manufacturing Freeform Optics (2011)

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Wavelet Denoising Method for Improving Detection Performance of Distributed Vibration Sensor (2012)

This letter proposed and demonstrated a wavelet technique to reduce the time domain noise to get submeter spatial resolution in the distributed vibration sensor based on phase optical time domain reflectometry. A new wavelet shrinkage approach allows the distributed vibration measurement of 20-Hz and 8-kHz events to be detected over 1-km sensing length with a 5-ns optical pulse, which is equivalent to 50-cm spatial resolution using the single-mode sensing fiber.
Single-mode fibers in fiber-optic quasielastic light scattering: A study of the dynamics of concentrated latex dispersions (1991)

The concentration dependence (range 1–40 %) of the dynamics of monodisperse polymer latex dispersions (particle diameters 41–326 nm) is studied by fiber-optic quasielastic light scattering (FOQELS). The experiments reveal that despite the high turbidity of the samples multiple light scattering has negligible influence on the data when single-mode fibers are employed. This is explained by the diameter of the single-mode fiber core being much smaller than the scattering mean free paths in the dispersions. It is further shown that the autocorrelation functions can be interpreted in terms of the dynamic structure factor of the dispersions. When the particle diameter is raised from 41 to 326 nm the data show that FOQELS probes mutual diffusion for the smaller particles and self-diffusion for the larger ones.
Analysis of Multiple-Angle Microwave Observations of Snow and Ice Using Cluster-Analysis Techniques (1981)

Abstract The Nimbus-6 satellite carries the Scanning Microwave Spectrometer experiment (SCAMS) which continuously maps the Earth’s surface at two frequencies (22.235 and 31.65 GHz) and at six angles besides nadir. Cluster analysis was applied to these observations to determine the influence of various geophysical parameters on the radiometric brightness temperatures. Characteristic microwave signatures for a variety of terrain were obtained by this method; discrete clusters were distinguished for sea ice (with sub-classes for ice age and fractional ice cover) and firn (with accumulation-rate sub-classes). The availability of the angular data greatly facilitated separate determinations of the extent of continuous sea ice and mixtures of sea ice and water.
PKMiner: a database for exploring type II polyketide synthases (2012)

We could identify the novel candidates of type II PKS gene clusters and their polyketide chemotypes in actinobacterial genomes by comprehensive analysis of type II PKSs and prediction of aromatic polyketides. The genome analysis results indicated that the specific suborders in actinomycetes could be used as prolific taxa for polyketide synthesis. The chemotype-prediction rules with the suggested type II PKS modules derived using this resource can be used further for microbial engineering to produce various aromatic polyketides. All these resources, together with the results of the analysis, are organized into an easy-to-use database PKMiner, which is accessible at the following URL: http://pks.kaist.ac.kr/pkminer. We believe that this web-based tool would be useful for research in the discovery of novel bacterial aromatic polyketides.
Trehalose protects corneal epithelial cells from death by drying (2001)

Trehalose at 50, 100, and 200 mM protected corneal epithelial cells in culture from death by desiccation. Trehalose could be used as a potential new eye drop for dry eye syndrome.
In vitro digestibility and functional properties of chemically modified casein (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn vitro digestibility and functional properties of chemically modified caseinLourminia C. Sen, Honson S. Lee, Robert E. Feeney, and John R. WhitakerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1981, 29, 2, 348–354Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00104a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00104a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Objective quality assessment method of stereo images (2009)

Several metrics have been proposed in literature to assess the quality of 2D images, but the metrics devoted to quality assessment of stereoscopic images are very scarce. Therefore, in this paper, an objective assessment method is proposed to predict the quality level of stereoscopic images. This method assesses stereo images from the perspective of image quality and stereo sense. Experiments demonstrate that the objective assessment method the paper presented gets similar results with the general subjective assessment method. And the method is simple, rapid, convenient and practical.
Structure-activity studies of configurationally rigid arylprostaglandins (1983)

Potent, albeit nonselective, smooth-muscle stimulant activity has been previously reported for 16-phenoxy- and 17-phenylprostaglandins, a finding that led to the design and development of the tissue-selective uterine stimulant sulprostone. As an extension of this work, analogues incorporating the 16-phenoxy and 17-phenyl substituents into the rigid indanyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, dihydrobenzofuryl, and dihydrobenzopyranyl ring systems were prepared and evaluated for uterine stimulant activity in vitro and diarrheal effects in vivo. Since these cyclic groups, with the exception of the indanyl, contain a chiral center, both optical antipodes were prepared. These studies demonstrate that ring size, heteroatom, and absolute configuration at C-16 are important determinants for potency and selectivity.