gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ABC Transporters as Phenotypic Markers and Functional Regulators of Stem Cells (2002)

Characterization of molecules with tightly controlled expression patterns during differentiation represents an approach to understanding regulation of hematopoietic stem cell commitment. The multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) gene product, P-glycoprotein, and the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) are expressed differentially during hematopoiesis, with the highest levels in primitive bone marrow stem cell populations that are CD34(low) and CD34(-), respectively. Roles for ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily members in conferring drug resistance have been extensively described. However, recent hematopoietic overexpression studies have begun to reveal previously unknown roles for ABC transporter function in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Expression of MDR1 and BCRP transporters in the myeloid lineage has been reported in blasts from acute myeloid leukemia, but very low to undetectable in normal myelomonocytic cells. Retroviral-mediated dysregulated expression of the MDR1 transporter resulted in increased hematopoietic repopulating activity and myeloproliferative disease in mice. A distinct functional role for the BCRP transporter as a negative regulator of hematopoietic repopulating activity has recently been demonstrated using the same approach. Additionally, the presence of BCRP expression specifically on hematopoietic side-population stem cells and neural stem/progenitors, makes BCRP an attractive candidate marker for isolation of stem cells with the ability to respond to diverse environmental cues. Regulation of stem cell biology by ABC transporters has emerged as an important new field of investigation. In light of these findings, it will be critical to further characterize this family of proteins in hematopoietic lineage-restricted stem cells and in pluripotent stem cells capable of crossing lineage barriers.
OFDM preamble design for synchronization under narrowband interference (2013)

In this paper, an OFDM-based preamble is proposed for improving timing and frequency synchronization in the power line channel with narrowband interference (NBI) as well as transmitting several bits of transmission parameter signaling (TPS). In the time domain, an additional scrambling operation is applied to the cyclic extension of an OFDM training symbol to reduce the impact of NBI. Compared to the conventional Schmidl's and Minn's methods, the proposed preamble could provide even sharper correlation peak and achieve better timing detection in both AWGN and power line multipath channels under NBI, with a moderate complexity increase because more correlation and multiplication operations are required. Furthermore, the proposed preamble could also convey several bits of TPS via the variable distance of two training sequences allocated in the frequency domain. Better synchronization results can be achieved through analyses and simulations with the proposed method.
Biocompatibility Evaluation of Ionic‐ and Photo‐Crosslinked Methacrylated Gellan Gum Hydrogels: In Vitro and In Vivo Study (2012)

In this study, the stability and biocompatibility of methacrylated gellan gum hydrogels, obtained either by ionic- (iGG-MA) or photo-crosslinking (phGG-MA), were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Size exclusion chromatography analysis of the methacrylated gellan gum (GG-MA) powder revealed that molecular weight is lower as compared to the non-modified material, i.e., low acyl gellan gum. The water uptake and swelling of iGG-MA and phGG-MA hydrogels were investigated in phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH 7.4). The biocompatibility of the hydrogels was firstly evaluated by producing cell-laden hydrogels. The in vitro cells encapsulation study showed that lung fibroblast cells (L929 cells) and human intervertebral disc (hIVD) cells are viable when cultured within both hydrogels, up to 21 days of culturing. The iGG-MA and phGG-MA hydrogels were also subcutaneously implanted in Lewis rats for 10 and 18 days. Tissue response to the hydrogels implantation was determined by histological analysis (haematoxylin-eosin staining). A thin fibrous capsule was observed around the implanted hydrogels. No necrosis, calcification, and acute inflammatory reaction were observed. The results presented in this study demonstrate that iGG-MA and phGG-MA hydrogels are stable in vitro and in vivo, support L929 and hIVD cells' encapsulation and viability, and were found to be well-tolerated and non-toxic in vivo.
<i>In Silico</i>Functional Profiling of Small Molecules and Its Applications (2008)

In silico screening is routinely used in the drug discovery process to predict whether each molecule in a database has a function of interest, such as inhibitory activity for a target protein. However, drugs generally have multiple functions including adverse effects. In order to obtain small molecules with desirable physiological effects, it is useful to simultaneously predict as many functions as possible. We employed Support Vector Machine to build classification models for 125 molecular functions, derived from the MDDR database, which showed higher kappa statistics (0.775 on average) than those of predictions by Tanimoto similarity (0.708). By analyzing the patterns of the predicted values (functional profiles) of 871 marketed drugs, we demonstrated its applications to indication discovery, clustering of drugs, and detection of molecular actions related to adverse effects. The results showed that functional profiling can be a useful tool for identifying the multifunctionality or adverse effects of small molecules.
Color correction judgements of digital images by experts and naive observers (2003)

We have studied the preference judgement of pictorial images with two types of population: image experts and naive observers. We used eight images of indoor and outdoor scenes. The images were first presented to image experts working in pre-press companies. We asked them to improve the images the way they preferred and to comment on their manipulations. They saved the intermediate enhanced versions they judged important. In the second part of this study, we showed those different versions of the same image produced by experts to naive observers. We used a pair comparison protocol in all possible pairs were presented. The question was which image do you prefer? Observers told us their criteria for choosing an image. Several results emerged from this study. To enhance an image, an expert divides it into large zones of interest, mainly correspond to natural colors. Likewise, when judging an image for preference, naive observers principally focus on natural colors like sky, skin or grass when present. Both experts and naives do not focus on parts if no memory colors are associated. The segmentation process into zones permits to first adjust the illuminant and then to correct the other parts with respect to the plausibility and coherence of the whole image. Further studies are necessary to correlate the chromatic signal in the retina to those data.
Performance enhancements to a relational database system (1983)

In this paper we examine four performance enhancements to a database management system: dynamic compilation, microcoded routines, a special-purpose file system, and a special-purpose operating system. All were examined in the context of the INGRES database management system. Benchmark timings that are included suggest the attractiveness of dynamic compilation and a special-purpose file system. Microcode and a special-purpose operating system are analyzed and appear to be of more limited utility in the INGRES context.
Adaptive filtering for distortion product otoacoustic emissions (2002)

The measured Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) signals are always contaminated with stimulus-induced artifact and relatively high level of noise, which impose an limitation to the measuring speed. In this work, an adaptive filtering scheme is illustrated for the extraction of the DPOAE. Simulation shows that the artifact can be removed effectively and that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be improved significantly.
External Pressure Loading of Spiral Paper Tubes: Theory and Experiment (1990)

A closed-form elasticity solution is developed to predict stresses and strains in spiral paper tubes loaded axisymmetrically. No assumptions are made on stress distributions through the tube wall. Thus, the solution is valid for thick-walled tubes. The validity of this solution is established by comparison with experimental results. Measured strains in tubes subjected to external pressure showed remarkable agreement with the elasticity solution. After experimental verification, the elasticity solution is used to examine stress distributions in paper tubes loaded in external pressure. In both paper and isotropic tubes, the hoop stress dominates the other three stresses. However, the hoop stress distribution in paper tubes was radically different from the isotropic case. In paper tubes: (1) hoop stress was concentrated at the outer wall, especially for thicker tubes and (2) maximum hoop stress remained constant as tube thickness was increased. These differences can be attributed to the extremely small modulus in the radial direction of a paper tube. The hoop stress distributions indicate that isotropic, thick-walled cylinder theory is inapplicable for modeling paper tubes.
An atmospheric limit on nuclear‐powered microwave weapons (1991)

We present a simple model that predicts a limit to the microwave energy fluence (energy per unit area) that can propagate through the atmosphere and show that this limit falls within levels that can be shielded against. Within the relevant range of parameters, this model simplifies and extends results reported by Yee et al.1 to show explicitly the dependence of the breakdown time on microwave field strength and altitude above sea level.
Multiple-Dose Comparison of Suprofen, Aspirin, and Placebo in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Pain (1983)

The effectiveness and safety of suprofen 200 mg, aspirin 650 mg, and placebo in the treatment of moderate to severe pain were compared in a 72-hour multiple-dose, double-blind, parallel, randomized study in 75 adults suffering from musculoskeletal pain. Suprofen was superior to aspirin and placebo for pain relief, total pain relief scores, pain severity, activity impairment, comparative evaluation of activity impairment, and comparative evaluation of pain and sleep, with differences achieving statistical significance for most parameters at the 24- to 72-hour evaluation points. 1 mild, transient side effect occurred in the suprofen group, 3 in the placebo group, and 4 of moderate intensity in the aspirin group. The effectiveness of multiple-dose treatment of musculoskeletal pain with suprofen 200 mg is superior to that of aspirin and placebo.
Compact full Ka‐band waveguide directional coupler based on large aperture array (2016)

A compact full Ka‐band waveguide directional coupler based on novel aperture array is presented. The broadband, good in‐band coupling flatness and excellent return loss are achieved by using the proposed novel aperture array in the common broad wall of two paralleled waveguides. For verification purpose, a prototype of the proposed directional coupler has been designed, fabricated and measured. The experimental results show that the return loss and isolation of the proposed coupler are better than 28 and 30 dB, respectively, and coupling strength varies from −20.35 to −19.23 dB over the full waveguide bandwidth. The length of the coupling region is only 8.5 mm.
Generation of effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and their conversion to memory T cells (2010)

Immunological memory is a cardinal feature of adaptive immunity. We are now beginning to elucidate the mechanisms that govern the formation of memory T cells and their ability to acquire longevity, survive the effector-to-memory transition, and mature into multipotent, functional memory T cells that self-renew. Here, we discuss the recent findings in this area and highlight extrinsic and intrinsic factors that regulate the cellular fate of activated CD8+ T cells.
A New Running Torque Formula for Tapered Roller Bearings Under Axial Load (1987)

Conventional formula for calculating the running torque of tapered roller bearings often showed discrepancy from actual running torque, particularly under axial load. Therefore, an equation was formulated based on the knowledge of EHL rolling resistance and EHL oil film thickness. Careful examination of actual bearing running torque suggested the load dependency of EHL rolling resistance which previous theory did not include. Such load effect was confirmed by means of two disc machine and the equation was partly corrected. A new running torque formula of a tapered roller bearing under axial load was proposed and good agreement with actual bearing torque was confirmed.
Programmed Photodegradation of Polymeric/Oligomeric Materials Derived from Renewable Bioresources (2014)

Renewable polymeric materials derived from biomass with built-in phototriggers were synthesized and evaluated for degradation under irradiation of UV light. Complete decomposition of the polymeric materials was observed with recovery of the monomer that was used to resynthesize the polymers.
Effects of gender and menopausal status on the association of apolipoprotein E phenotype with plasma lipoprotein levels. Results from the Framingham Offspring Study. (1994)

Apolipoprotein (apo) E phenotype is an important genetic determinant of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apo B levels. We have determined apo E phenotype by isoelectric focusing and plasma lipid, lipoprotein cholesterol, apo A-I, apo B, and lipoprotein(a) levels, as well as LDL particle size, in 2258 men and women participating in the Framingham Offspring Study. Apo E phenotype (E2/2, E2/4, E3/2, E3/3, E3/4, and E4/4) was not associated with plasma lipoprotein(a) levels but was associated with plasma LDL cholesterol levels, apo B levels, and LDL size in men and with plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and apo B levels in women. The average effect of the epsilon 2 allele was to lower plasma LDL cholesterol levels by 9.2 mg/dL in men and by 13.7 mg/dL in women, while the average effect of the epsilon 4 allele was to increase LDL cholesterol levels by 2.6 mg/dL in men and by 5.4 mg/dL in women. When men were divided into two groups according to their age (< 50 and > or = 50 years old), the average effect of the epsilon 2 allele was to lower plasma levels of LDL cholesterol by 10.2 mg/dL in younger men and by 7.5 mg/dL in older men. In premenopausal women, the average effect of the epsilon 2 allele was to lower LDL cholesterol by 8.2 mg/dL and, in postmenopausal women, by 20.4 mg/dL. An opposite effect of the epsilon 4 allele was observed: the epsilon 4 allele was associated with increases in plasma LDL cholesterol levels of 4.0 mg/dL in younger men and of 1.0 mg/dL in older men.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An efficient system to establish multiple embryonic stem cell lines carrying an inducible expression unit (2005)

The growing use of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells in research emphasizes their importance in studies of molecular mechanisms that maintain pluripotency and direct cellular differentiation. Although systems for regulatable transgene expression are essential for fine analysis of cellular processes at the molecular level, a strategy for the establishment of multiple ES cell lines carrying any of these systems has not yet been described. Here, we report our development of the ROSA-TET system, an effective system for the establishment of multiple ES cell lines carrying a tetracycline (Tc)-regulatable transgene at the Gt (ROSA)26asSor (ROSA26) locus. This system contains a knock-in step of a construct carrying both loxP and its mutant sequences into the ROSA26 locus, followed by a subsequent exchange step that introduces a cDNA to be Tc-regulated to the locus using the recombinase-mediated cassette exchange reaction. Both steps are demonstrated to give desired clones with high efficiency, suggesting that this system can be introduced readily into any ES cell lines, leading to the simultaneous establishment of multiple cell lines carrying different Tc-regulated cDNAs. We believe that use of this system will strongly accelerate molecular biological research using ES cells.
Suppression of Melanoma Growth and Metastasis by DNA Vaccination Using an Ultrasound-Responsive and Mannose-Modified Gene Carrier (2011)

DNA vaccination has attracted much attention as a promising therapy for the prevention of metastasis and relapse of malignant tumors, especially highly metastatic tumors such as melanoma. However, it is difficult to achieve a potent cancer vaccine effect by DNA vaccination, since the number of dendritic cells, which are the major targeted cells of DNA vaccination, is very few. Here, we developed a DNA vaccination for metastatic and relapsed melanoma by ultrasound (US)-responsive and antigen presenting cell (APC)-selective gene carriers reported previously, named Man-PEG₂₀₀₀ bubble lipoplexes. Following immunization using US exposure and Man-PEG(2000) bubble lipoplexes constructed with pUb-M, which expresses ubiquitylated melanoma-specific antigens (gp100 and TRP-2), the secretion of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α) and the activities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were specifically enhanced in the presence of B16BL6 melanoma antigens. Moreover, we succeeded in obtaining potent and sustained DNA vaccine effects against solid and metastatic tumor derived from B16BL6 melanoma specifically. The findings obtained from this study suggest that the gene transfection method using Man-PEG₂₀₀₀ bubble lipoplexes and US exposure could be suitable for DNA vaccination aimed at the prevention of metastatic and relapsed cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRIDO(1,2‐B)INDAZOLE AND ITS DERIVATIVES (1975)

Abstract Pyridin‐N‐oxid (I) reagiert mit den Diazoniumsalzen (II) über (III) zu den 2‐o‐Hydroxyphenyl‐pyridinen (IV), die mit dem Chinazolin (V) zu (VI) kondensiert werden.
Review: <i>Model Rockets for Beginners</i>, by H. H. Gilmore (1962)

Book Review| January 01 1962 Review: Model Rockets for Beginners, by H. H. Gilmore Model Rockets for BeginnersH. H. Gilmore P. K. P. K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1962) 24 (1): 4439829. https://doi.org/10.2307/4439829 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P. K.; Review: Model Rockets for Beginners, by H. H. Gilmore. The American Biology Teacher 1 January 1962; 24 (1): 4439829. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4439829 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Descemet-stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty: Insertion Using a Novel 40/60 Underfold Technique for Preservation of Donor Endothelium (2008)

This simple modification to a commonly used folding technique reduces trauma to the exposed peripheral endothelium in a 60/40 overfolded "taco," which is due to contact with the donor trephine block or other surface. It is a slight modification to a commonly used technique for graft insertion and can be easily implemented to reduce postoperative endothelial cell loss.
Enhancing Photoinduced Electron Transfer Efficiency of Fluorescent pH-Probes with Halogenated Phenols (2014)

Photoinduced electron transfer (PET), which causes pH-dependent quenching of fluorescent dyes, is more effectively introduced by phenolic groups than by amino groups which have been much more commonly used so far. That is demonstrated by fluorescence measurements involving several classes of fluorophores. Electrochemical measurements show that PET in several amino-modified dyes is thermodynamically favorable, even though it was not experimentally found, underlining the importance of kinetic aspects to the process. Consequently, the attachment of phenolic groups allows for fast and simple preparation of a wide selection of fluorescent pH-probes with tailor-made spectral properties, sensitive ranges, and individual advantages, so that a large number of applications can be realized. Fluorophores carrying phenolic groups may also be used for sensing analytes other than pH or molecular switching and signaling.
Thin-film silicon-on-sapphire deep depletion MOS transistors (1966)

This paper describes thin-film MOS transistors in which the entire silicon film forms the conducting channel, not just the surface inversion layer. Single crystal silicon which is epitaxially deposited on sapphire to a thickness of 0.5 to 2.0 microns forms the channel of the field-effect transistor. The oxidations for the channel oxide were done in both steam and dry oxygen ambients resulting in very little oxide charge (0-2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> ) on both [111] and [100] silicon orientations. No orientation dependence was observed. The absence of an active substrate leads to device characteristics that are significantly different from MOS transistors made on thick silicon. Analysis of the output characteristics and the C-V curve of these devices enables one to study the characteristics of the silicon film and its two surfaces. It is shown that the silicon-sapphire interface region has similar characteristics to the silicon-silicon dioxide interface region in its tendency to support donor sites after heating in hydrogen. To facilitate analysis of the C-V curve, two interesting relations are derived: specifically, the slope of the curve is related to the doping density of the silicon, and the 0.95 level on the normalized curve is shown to be offset approximately one volt from flat-band potential regardless of oxide thickness or doping density, provided these parameters set the normalized flat-band capacitance significantly below 0.95. The use of thin high resistivity p-type films allows one to fabricate p-type enhancement transistors which exhibit a low threshold voltage due to the fact that the silicon surface does not have to be inverted before the channel conducts. Finally, partial-gate deep depletion transistors are examined and it is shown that a substantial increase in drain breakdown voltage may be obtained with thiss geometry.
State-variable simulation of transients on transmission lines (2003)

A time-domain simulation program is developed for use in the analysis of transmission lines in computer and data transmission systems. The program divides a transmission line into L-section segments and, using Kirchoff's voltage and current laws and the computed capacitance and inductance per unit length, simulates the traveling wave on the basis of state variable mode. The coefficients of the system matrix are expanded in this program to include the resistance of the lines and the conductance of the dielectric medium. Also, the sparsity of the system matrix is exploited using the L-U decomposition technique to speed up the computation and reduce memory requirement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>