gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neutralising human recombinant antibodies to human cytomegalovirus glycoproteins gB and gH (2002)

A phage antibody display library of single chain fragment variable (scFv) was applied to develop anti-HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) and glycoprotein H (gH) neutralising libraries. To enrich for specific scFvs, the phage antibody was panned against cytomegalovirus epitopes derived from the N-terminal part of gB, the C-terminal part of gB and the N-terminal part of gH (NETIYNTTLKYGDV, VTSGSTKD and AASEALDPHAFHLLLNTYGR). A number of clones were differentiated by Bst N1 fingerprinting. After isolation of specific clones against each peptide, the neutralising effect of each clone was assessed by plaque reduction assay. This resulted in the isolation of eight neutralising scFv antibodies with 51-63% neutralising effects. Sequence analysis of three neutralising clones revealed the amino acids specificity changes in heavy and light chains of antibody molecules.
Food safety and traceability in the agricultural supply chain: using the Internet to deliver traceability (1998)

This paper describes a possible mechanism for the design and development of a software system that will become the de facto industry standard for the collation, location and dissemination of traceability data. Such a system must be capable of transcending national and regional boundaries. It must operate on a global scale and be available 24 hours a day seven days a week. It must be relevant to, and usable by, each member of the food supply chain whilst not generating any commercial objection on grounds of security, competitiveness or cost. The system proposed makes use of the continuing growth of personal computer usage, the declining cost of electronic communication, and the global nature of the Internet.
Vanadyl(IV) Phosphonates, VOCnH2n+1PO3.cntdot.xH2O (n = 0-4, x = 1 or 1.5), as Precursors of Vanadyl(IV) Pyrophosphate, (VO)2P2O7 (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVanadyl(IV) Phosphonates, VOCnH2n+1PO3.cntdot.xH2O (n = 0-4, x = 1 or 1.5), as Precursors of Vanadyl(IV) Pyrophosphate, (VO)2P2O7V. V. Guliants, J. B. Benziger, S. Sundaresan, I. E. Wachs, and J.-M. JehngCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 8, 1493–1498Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00056a014https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00056a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kerogen: from Types to Models of Chemical Structure (2003)

The aim of the present paper is to review the conceptual and analytical developments in the period 1970-1990 which have led, through kerogen isolation and analysis on one hand, and case studies of petroleum systems on the other hand, to the concept of kerogen types, evolution paths, and statistical chemical models. Kerogen is defined as the sedimentary organic matter generating petroleum, an insoluble product as opposed to its counterpart soluble in usual organic solvents, such as petroleum. As kerogen is a complex organic material intimately mixed with minerals in sediments, the first task was to set up a robust procedure for its isolation, enabling then its study by various physicochemical analyses. The parallel development of oil exploration, resulting in geological sample availability, made the geochemical comparison of various petroleum systems possible. Comparisons concerned not only oils, source rock extracts and kerogen compositions, but also the timing of petroleum generation. The notion of kinetic cracking of kerogen into petroleum stemming from these case studies, associated with the observation of time and temperature compensation, resulted in the use of pyrolysis to evaluate the oil potential still to be generated by the kerogen, and in the construction of the Rock-Eval. In the mid 70s, all main parameters on kerogens from reference series of source rocks were available to define the notions of types and evolution paths of kerogens upon geological maturation. A further important step for improving the knowledge of kerogen composition was achieved in the 80s using new techniques of analytical and preparative pyrolysis and their coupling with different detectors. The pyrolysis products, small building blocks issued from the kerogen thermal cracking, could thus be analyzed and quantified at the molecular level, without the problems of representativity associated with natural extract analyses, such as loss of volatile fractions or product migration out of source rocks. ;Contemporaneous developments in solid state 13C NMR allowed quantification of the various forms of carbon and their molecular environment in the kerogen, whereas quantification was not possible with IR or UV spectroscopy. The quantification of molecular building blocks and their bonding functional groups in kerogens allowed conceptual averaged molecular models of kerogens to be proposed in order to visualize their atomic and molecular composition, and the changes occurring in this composition according to types and maturity. Although it will never be possible to represent a true kerogen structure, simply because it is a mixture of various nonpolymeric macromolecules, an hypothetical average structure of kerogen, representing a large amount of information from various analyses, can provide a synthetic view of the main resemblances and differences among sedimentary organic matters.
Investigation on the clinical efficacy and safety of meloxicam (Metacam) in the treatment of non-infectious locomotor disorders in pigs. (2004)

The clinical efficacy and safety of meloxicam (Metacam 20 mg/ml) in the treatment of non-infectious locomotor disorders in pigs was investigated in a randomised double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-centre field study. A total of 220 pigs were examined, 211 pigs were suitable for evaluation. Treatment was performed on Day 1 with meloxicam (0.4 mg meloxicam/kg) or placebo by intramuscular injection. If necessary, treatment was optionally repeated on Day 2. Clinical examinations were conducted daily from Day 1 (immediately prior to initiation of therapy) to Day 4. The primary parameter, mean "Clinical Lameness Score" (CLS, a sum of the scores of "Lameness at Rest" and "Lameness at Walk"; range 2 to 11) improved from 6.8 and 6.3 on Day 1, to 3.5 and 4.7 on Day 4 in the meloxicam and placebo groups respectively (p < 0.001). At the final examination mean changes from baseline for CLS (Day 1) were 3.25 for meloxicam treated animals and 1.7 for placebo treated animals (p < 0.001). Behaviour score and feed intake improved during the study period with statistically significant differences in favour of meloxicam at all time points after initiation of therapy. Significantly fewer pigs received a second treatment in the meloxicam group than in the placebo group, 46% versus 73% (p < 0.001). A 'very good' or 'good' clinical efficacy assessment was recorded in 83% of the meloxicam cases compared to 42% of the placebo controls at the final examination (p < 0.001). No adverse events were reported due to the use of meloxicam. Furthermore safety of meloxicam in pregnant sows was demonstrated. It is concluded that intramuscular injection of meloxicam (Metacam) at a dosage of 0.4 mg/kg is efficacious and safe for the treatment of non-infectious locomotor disorders in pigs.
An Optimized Encoding Scheme for Planning Vessel‐Encoded Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling (2014)

The OES results in a minimal number of encodings with a higher SNR efficiency than other encoding methods, regardless of the number or geometry of the vessels.
Estimating the probability of the presence of a signal of interest in multiresolution single- and multiband image denoising (2006)

We develop three novel wavelet domain denoising methods for subband-adaptive, spatially-adaptive and multivalued image denoising. The core of our approach is the estimation of the probability that a given coefficient contains a significant noise-free component, which we call "signal of interest." In this respect, we analyze cases where the probability of signal presence is 1) fixed per subband, 2) conditioned on a local spatial context, and 3) conditioned on information from multiple image bands. All the probabilities are estimated assuming a generalized Laplacian prior for noise-free subband data and additive white Gaussian noise. The results demonstrate that the new subband-adaptive shrinkage function outperforms Bayesian thresholding approaches in terms of mean-squared error. The spatially adaptive version of the proposed method yields better results than the existing spatially adaptive ones of similar and higher complexity. The performance on color and on multispectral images is superior with respect to recent multiband wavelet thresholding.
[Effects of different extracts from Radix isatidis on lymphocytes of mice by biothermodynamics]. (2006)

The comparison of immunological activity among the extracts from Radix Isatidis were as follows: residue after extracting > general extract > nBuOH extract > EtOAc extract > CHCl3 extract > P E extract.
EGNOS: The First Step in Europe’s Contribution to the Global Navigation Satellite System (2001)

Introduction The current capabilities of GPS and GLONASS, although very adequate for some user communities, present some shortfalls. The lack of civil international control represents a serious problem from the institutional point of view. In addition, there is a need for enhanced performance. In particular, the civil-aviation requirements for the precision and nonprecision approach phases of flight cannot be met by GPS or GLONASS only. Marine and land users may also require some sort of augmentation for improving GPS/GLONASS performance.
RABBIT ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN INDUCTION AND SIROLIMUS MONOTHERAPY SUPPORTS PROLONGED ISLET ALLOGRAFT FUNCTION IN A NONHUMAN PRIMATE ISLET TRANSPLANTATION MODEL (2003)

Using a nonhuman primate islet transplant model, RATG plus sirolimus supports islet survival as long as proper sirolimus levels are maintained, but the therapy is limited by sirolimus toxicity. Our findings suggest that RATG is not toxic for islets and thus may be considered in future clinical trails while recognizing that sirolimus monotherapy, with its difficult-to-achieve therapeutic dosing, may not be sufficient to maintain long-term islet allograft function in an autoimmune environment.
Hollow-fiber enzyme reactors in cellulose hydrolysis (1981)

Immobilized ..beta..-glucosidase from Aspergillus phoenicis has been incorporated into the shell side of hollow-fiber ultrafiltration-membrane cartridges. These cartridge systems served as enzymatic reactors for the hydrolysis of cellobiose and were employed in reaction systems for the saccharification of cellulose. In the latter case a mixture of cellulose and the cellulase enzymes from Trichoderma reesei was circulated through the internal lumens of the hollow fibers. Such systems increase the yield of total sugars produced by enzymatic saccharification of cellulose. The hollow-fiber membranes allowed continuous cellulase enzyme processing and significantly reduced cellulase requirements.
Increased Toll-like receptor 4 expression in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis (2004)

The fusion protein of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) binds to the pattern recognition receptors, TLR4 and CD14, and initiates innate immunity response to the virus. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of TLR4 on peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes in peripheral blood of infants in both acute and convalescent phase of RSV bronchiolitis (n = 26). In addition, TNF-alpha expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes was also assessed. The results showed TLR4 to be expressed predominantly by monocytes in both sick infants and controls. During the acute phase of infection monocytes up-regulated TLR4 in eight infants, which returned to the levels recorded in controls 4-6 weeks from infection. There was no difference in the percentage of TNF-alpha secreting monocytes. Of the clinical parameters tested, minimal oxygen saturation was found to correlate negatively with this expression in the group of infants with increased TLR4. Additional studies are under way to correlate this finding with the outcome of the immune response to RSV.
Simultaneous determination of anti‐diabetes/anti‐obesity drugs by LC/PDA, and targeted analysis of sibutramine analog in dietary supplements by LC/MS/MS (2009)

The safety of dietary supplements is questionable as there have been occasional reports of products contaminated with illegal adulterants. The present study was carried out to develop trustworthy methodologies to screen for six anti-diabetic drugs (phenformin, rosiglitazone, glipizide, glimepiride, glybenclamide and gliclazide) and six anti-obesity drugs (ephedrine, fenfluramine, T3, T4, fluoxetine and sibutramine) in dietary supplements. A simultaneous determination method of the 12 drugs by liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array (LC/PDA) was established and was validated for linearity (r(2) > 0.99), precision (RSD <13.3%), recoveries (88.8-115.9%) and reproducibility. Sibutramine and its analogs, N-desmethylsibutramine, were subject to further investigation by LC/MS/MS because they were one of the major illegal adulterants. Our proposed method to monitor illegal drug adulterations in dietary supplements using LC/PDA is a simple and reliable, and therefore applicable to routine drug-adulteration screening.
Using association mapping to dissect the genetic basis of complex traits in plants (2010)

Association or linkage disequilibrium mapping has become a very popular method for dissecting the genetic basis of complex traits in plants. The benefits of association mapping, compared with traditional quantitative trait locus mapping, is, for example, a relatively detailed mapping resolution and that it is far less time consuming since no mapping populations need to be generated. The surge of interest in association mapping has been fueled by recent developments in genomics that allows for rapid identification and scoring of genetic markers which has traditionally limited mapping experiments. With the decreasing cost of genotyping future emphasis will likely focus on phenotyping, which can be both costly and time consuming but which is crucial for obtaining reliable results in association mapping studies. In addition, association mapping studies are prone to the identification of false positives, especially if the experimental design is not rigorously controlled. For example, population structure has long been known to induce many false positives and accounting for population structure has become one of the main issues when implementing association mapping in plants. Also, with increasing numbers of genetic markers used, the problem becomes separating true from false positive and this highlights the need for independent validation of identified association. With these caveats in mind, association mapping nevertheless shows great promise for helping us understand the genetic basis of complex traits of both economic and ecological importance.
Novel Sample Preparation Method for Safe and Rapid Detection of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> Spores in Environmental Powders and Nasal Swabs (2003)

Bacillus anthracis spores have been used as a biological weapon in the United States. We wanted to develop a safe, rapid method of sample preparation that provided safe DNA for the detection of spores in environmental and clinical specimens. Our method reproducibly detects B. anthracis in samples containing <10 spores.
The immune response induced in vivo by dendritic cells is dependent on B7-1 or B7-2, but the inhibition of both signals does not lead to tolerance (1998)

Dendritic cells (DC) can be used as physiological adjuvant in vivo. Indeed, a single injection of DC, pulsed in vitro with antigen, induces activation of specific T and B lymphocytes in syngeneic mice. The unique capacity of DC to sensitize naive T lymphocytes correlates with elevated expression of MHC antigens as well as co-stimulatory molecules. The aim of this work was to evaluate the functional role of the individual CD28 ligands in the induction of primary humoral and cellular responses, and to characterize the nature of the immune response induced in the presence of selected co-stimulatory molecules. Our data show that the primary response is strictly B7 dependent, and that B7-1 and B7-2 mediate overlapping co-stimulatory functions, as either molecule alone is sufficient to initiate an immune reaction. Inhibition of B7-1 and B7-2, however, does not lead to tolerance as predicted by the two-signal hypothesis. Rather, recognition of antigen in the absence of B7 appears as a null event, since subsequent immunogenic stimulation results in a primary response. Blockade of B7-2 co-stimulatory molecules significantly inhibits antigen-specific IgG1 but not IgG2a production, suggesting that B7-2 may direct the development of Th2 cells. These data emphasize the critical role of the CD28/B7 pathway in the induction of the immune response by DC, which appear to be the initiating antigen-presenting cells in situ.
Summary Abstract: Photodeposition of metal films with ultraviolet laser light (1982)

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Interactive Drilling : the Up-To-Date Drilling Technology (2004)

Drilling technologies have made much progress the last twenty years. In the past, many wells had to be drilled before and during the development of an oil field. The first wells were devoted to exploration and appraisal and the following ones to development of the oil field. Today, with horizontal drilling a common technique, wells with complex geometry can be drilled in a reservoir allowing the oil to be extracted from different places. Extended reach wells allow oil from remote locations to be reached. Furthermore, capitalizing on drilling is an efficient way to reduce the costs of appraisal, development and exploitation of an oil or gas field. Drilling is a unique opportunity to acquire data in order to take real time decisions leading to a global optimization of the drainage system. All the new technologies such as measurement while drilling, data acquisition, data transfer or high speed computing give the opportunity to provide the geologist, the reservoir engineer and the drilling engineer with more accurate information for taking better decisions. However new tools have to be designed to allow an optimized use of this information. Raw data must be transformed to high level of information so that decisions can be taken quickly with a low level of risk. However there is still the need to perform real-time economic evaluation of the well so that the decisions to drill one meter more can be also taken on economic simulations. In this revue, different techniques to generate high quality information from drilling data will be discussed. Some results issued from research projects managed by IFP and its partners will be addressed.
Enhanced Dendritic Cell Antigen Capture via Toll-Like Receptor-Induced Actin Remodeling (2004)

Microbial products are sensed through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and trigger a program of dendritic cell (DC) maturation that enables DCs to activate T cells. Although an accepted hallmark of this response is eventual down-regulation of DC endocytic capacity, we show that TLR ligands first acutely stimulate antigen macropinocytosis, leading to enhanced presentation on class I and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. Simultaneously, actin-rich podosomes disappear, which suggests a coordinated redeployment of actin to fuel endocytosis. These reciprocal changes are transient and require p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. Thus, the DC actin cytoskeleton can be rapidly mobilized in response to innate immune stimuli to enhance antigen capture and presentation.
Adaptive Resource Management for Balancing Availability and Performance in Cloud Computing (2013)

Security, availability and performance are critical to meet service level agreements in most Cloud computing services. In this paper, we build on the virtual machine technology that allows software components to be cheaply moved, replicated, and allocated on the hardware infrastructure to devise a solution that ensures users availability and performance requirements in Cloud environments. To deal with failures and vulnerabilities also due to cyber-attacks, we formulate the availability and performance attributes in the users perspective and show that the two attributes may often be competing for a given application. We then present a heuristics-based approach that restores application's requirements in the failure and recovery events. Our algorithm uses Markov chains and queuing networks to estimate the availability and performance of different deployment contexts, and generates a set of actions to re-deploy a given application. By simulation, we show that our proposed approach improves the availability and lowers the degradation of system's response time compared to traditional static schemes.
Soil Clean up by<i>in-situ</i>Surfactant Flushing. VI. Reclamation of Surfactant for Recycle (1993)

Abstract Solvent extraction has been studied for use in reclaiming contaminated surfactant solutions for reuse in soil surfactant flushing in the remediation of hazardous waste sites. Hexane was used as the solvent to extract p-dichlorobenzene (DCB), naphthalene, and biphenyl from 25, 50, and 100 nM sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) solutions in a continuous countercurrent flow column. The contaminant concentration in the aqueous SDS was followed with time, and the removal was modeled using an unsteady-state model which included diffusion kinetics. The mass transfer time constant was approximately 2 hours. The percent removal of DCB increased with increasing hexane flow rate and decreased with both increasing SDS flow rate and increasing SDS concentration. The concentrations of all three contaminants were reduced by about 90% or better. Extraction of contaminated SDS solutions with hexane appears to be an effective method for cleaning up these surfactant solutions for recycle.