gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catabolism of L-phenylalanine by some microorganisms of cheese origin (1984)

Summary The ability of 42 microorganisms isolated from cheese, including strains of yeasts, Geotrichum candidum, Arthrobacter, Moraxella spp., Brevibacterium linens and Staphylococcus saprophyticus spp. to produce phenethyl alcohol (PEA) from L-phenylalanine was studied. All the yeast strains produced labelled PEA from L-[U- 14 C]phenylalanine. Phenylpyruvic acid was detected as an intermediate of PEA production and CO 2 was produced by decarboxylation of this acid. For five strains tested, the level of PEA which had accumulated in the culture at the end of exponential growth phase represented 39–52% of the L-Phe added. None of G. candidum strains nor bacterial isolates produced PEA from L-Phe. Strains of Moraxella spp. and four strains of the S. saprophyticus group produced phenylacetaldehyde. For three strains of Arthrobacter spp., five of B. linens and all the Moraxella , 14 CO 2 produced from uniformly labelled L-Phe represented more than one carbon atom of the L-Phe molecule, suggesting that Phe was catabolized beyond the stage of phenylacetic acid. Production and disappearance of PEA during Camembert cheese ripening is probably related to the metabolic activity of microorganisms present at the cheese surface.
High speed BLASTN: an accelerated MegaBLAST search tool (2015)

Sequence alignment is a long standing problem in bioinformatics. The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) is one of the most popular and fundamental alignment tools. The explosive growth of biological sequences calls for speedup of sequence alignment tools such as BLAST. To this end, we develop high speed BLASTN (HS-BLASTN), a parallel and fast nucleotide database search tool that accelerates MegaBLAST--the default module of NCBI-BLASTN. HS-BLASTN builds a new lookup table using the FMD-index of the database and employs an accurate and effective seeding method to find short stretches of identities (called seeds) between the query and the database. HS-BLASTN produces the same alignment results as MegaBLAST and its computational speed is much faster than MegaBLAST. Specifically, our experiments conducted on a 12-core server show that HS-BLASTN can be 22 times faster than MegaBLAST and exhibits better parallel performance than MegaBLAST. HS-BLASTN is written in C++ and the related source code is available at https://github.com/chenying2016/queries under the GPLv3 license.
Pemetrexed Improves Tumor Selectivity of <sup>111</sup>In-DTPA-Folate in Mice with Folate Receptor–Positive Ovarian Cancer (2008)

The application of PMX resulted in a significant reduction of undesired radioactivity accumulation in kidneys, whereas the tumor uptake remained unaffected. These observations suggest a general validity of the reducing effect of PMX on the uptake of radiofolates in kidneys. Our findings will lead the way toward the development of folate-based radiotherapy.
Polycyclic fluoranthene hydrocarbons. 2. A new general synthesis (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolycyclic fluoranthene hydrocarbons. 2. A new general synthesisBongsup P. Cho and Ronald G. HarveyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 26, 5668–5678Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00235a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00235a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1406Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improvement of surface aided navigation (2016)

In this paper, methods for improvement of surface/terrain aided navigation using an altimeter simulation model are introduced. The altimeter simulation model has been discussed in earlier publications and has been used to characterize the slant range errors of radar and laser altimeters, the simulation model has been validated on recorded flight test data. A method for in-flight measurement validity assessment using the simulation model is introduced and applied on recorded data in this paper. The information content of altimeter measurements below a flight path is analyzed regarding the horizontal correlation result. Criteria for beneficial measurement are derived and applied on a correlation algorithm. For in-flight beam steering, the criteria are extended for a multi-beam measurement application.
Pharmacodynamics of Ceftazidime and Avibactam in Neutropenic Mice with Thigh or Lung Infection (2015)

Avibactam is a new non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor that shows promising restoration of ceftazidime activity against microorganisms producing Ambler class A extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases such as KPCs, class C β-lactamases (AmpC), and some class D enzymes. To determine optimal dosing combinations of ceftazidime-avibactam for treating infections with ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pharmacodynamic responses were explored in murine neutropenic thigh and lung infection models. Exposure-response relationships for ceftazidime monotherapy were determined first. Subsequently, the efficacy of adding avibactam every 2 h (q2h) or q8h to a fixed q2h dose of ceftazidime was determined in lung infection for two strains. Dosing avibactam q2h was significantly more efficacious, reducing the avibactam daily dose for static effect by factors of 2.7 and 10.1, whereas the mean percentage of the dosing interval that free drug concentrations remain above the threshold concentration of 1 mg/liter (%fT>C(T) 1 mg/liter) yielding bacteriostasis was similar for both regimens, with mean values of 21.6 (q2h) and 18.5 (q8h). Dose fractionation studies of avibactam in both the thigh and lung models indicated that the effect of avibactam correlated well with %fT>C(T) 1 mg/liter. This parameter of avibactam was further explored for four P. aeruginosa strains in the lung model and six in the thigh model. Parameter estimates of %fT>C(T) 1 mg/liter for avibactam ranged from 0 to 21.4% in the lung model and from 14.1 to 62.5% in the thigh model to achieve stasis. In conclusion, addition of avibactam enhanced the effect of ceftazidime, which was more pronounced at frequent dosing and well related with %fT>C(T) 1 mg/liter. The thigh model appeared more stringent, with higher values, ranging up to 62.5% fT>C(T) 1 mg/liter, required for a static effect.
Aquatische Kleinsttiergärten. Aufwuchsbiozönosen als autökologisches Kuriositätenkabinett (1996)

Abstract Der Begriff Periphyton beschreibt sachlich‐distanziert sehr kleine, aber außerordentlich faszinierende (limnische oder marine) Teillebensräume, in denen erst die mikroskopische Analyse Einblick und Übersicht in die beteiligten Artengefüge bietet und das zunächst unübersichtliche interorganismische Miteinander verstehen hilft.
(Imido)vanadium(v)-alkyl, -alkylidene complexes exhibiting unique reactivity towards olefins and alcohols (2010)

This minireview introduces recent results in the synthesis of a series of (imido)vanadium(V)-alkyl complexes, and some reactions with alcohols (phenols) that are proposed to proceed via intermediates involving coordination of the alcohols (phenols). (Imido)vanadium(V)-alkylidene complexes, prepared by α-hydrogen elimination in the presence of a neutral donor ligand (PMe3, etc.), exhibited high activity for ring-opening metathesis polymerisation of cyclic olefins (norbornene) even at high temperature; these are promising for olefin metathesis by vanadium complex catalysts.
Analysis of the Arabidopsis <i>IRX9</i>/<i>IRX9</i>-<i>L</i> and <i>IRX14</i>/<i>IRX14</i>-<i>L</i> Pairs of Glycosyltransferase Genes Reveals Critical Contributions to Biosynthesis of the Hemicellulose Glucuronoxylan   (2010)

The hemicellulose glucuronoxylan (GX) is a major component of plant secondary cell walls. However, our understanding of GX synthesis remains limited. Here, we identify and analyze two new genes from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), IRREGULAR XYLEM9-LIKE (IRX9-L) and IRX14-LIKE (IRX14-L) that encode glycosyltransferase family 43 members proposed to function during xylan backbone elongation. We place IRX9-L and IRX14-L in a genetic framework with six previously described glycosyltransferase genes (IRX9, IRX10, IRX10-L, IRX14, FRAGILE FIBER8 [FRA8], and FRA8 HOMOLOG [F8H]) and investigate their function in GX synthesis. Double-mutant analysis identifies IRX9-L and IRX14-L as functional homologs of IRX9 and IRX14, respectively. Characterization of irx9 irx10 irx14 fra8 and irx9-L irx10-L irx14-L f8h quadruple mutants allows definition of a set of genes comprising IRX9, IRX10, IRX14, and FRA8 that perform the main role in GX synthesis during vegetative development. The IRX9-L, IRX10-L, IRX14-L, and F8H genes are able to partially substitute for their respective homologs and normally perform a minor function. The irx14 irx14-L double mutant virtually lacks xylan, whereas irx9 irx9-L and fra8 f8h double mutants form lowered amounts of GX displaying a greatly reduced degree of backbone polymerization. Our findings reveal two distinct sets of four genes each differentially contributing to GX biosynthesis.
Synthesis and magnetic properties of core/shell FeO/Fe3O4 nano-octopods (2013)

We report the synthesis and magnetic properties of core/shell FeO/Fe3O4 nanoparticles with an average size of 30 nm in a complex quasi-octopod shape. FeO nanoparticles were synthesized by a wet chemical synthesis route followed by partial oxidation to form core/shell structured FeO/Fe3O4 octopods. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of iron oxide phases and the formed core/shell FeO/Fe3O4 morphology. Magnetic measurements revealed two distinct temperatures corresponding to the thermally activated Verwey transition (TV ∼ 120 K) of the ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 shell and the Neel temperature (TN ∼ 230 K) of the antiferromagnetic FeO core. The nanoparticles exhibited a strong horizontal shift in the field-cooled hysteresis loop (the so-called exchange bias (EB) effect) accompanied by enhanced coercivity. The Meiklejohn-Bean model has been implemented to quantify the amount of frozen spins that locate at the interface between FeO and Fe3O4 and are responsible for the observed EB effect.
Radiation patterns of dual concentric conductor microstrip antennas for superficial hyperthermia (1998)

The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method has been used to calculate electromagnetic radiation patterns from 915-MHz dual concentric conductor (DCC) microwave antennas that are constructed from thin and flexible printed circuit board (PCB) materials. Radiated field distributions are calculated in homogeneous lossy muscle tissue loads located under variable thickness coupling bolus layers. This effort extends the results of previous investigations to consider more realistic applicator configurations with smaller 2-cm-square apertures and different coupling bolus materials and thicknesses, as well as various spacings of multiple-element arrays. Results are given for practical applicator designs with microstrip feedlines etched on the backside of the PCB antenna array instead of previously tested bulky coaxial-cable feedline connections to each radiating aperture. The results demonstrate that for an optimum coupling bolus thickness of 2.5-5 mm, the thin, flexible, and lightweight DCC antennas produce effective heating to the periphery of each aperture to a depth of approximately 1 cm, and may be combined into arrays for uniform heating of large area superficial tissue regions with the 50% power deposition contour conforming closely to the outer perimeter of the array.
Effects of corticosteroids on natural killer cell activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. (1980)

The effects of corticosteroids on the natural killer (NK) cell activity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes were evaluated. When six untreated female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were compared with fifteen age-matched, corticosteroid-treated female patients, NK activity in the latter was significantly suppressed. Although the administration of high doses seemed to suppress cytotoxicity to a greater extent, there was no close correlation between the daily doses of steroids and NK activity. When cytotoxicity levels were followed before and during corticosteroid therapy in the same patient, NK activity decreased markedly during treatment, particularly in patients on high-dose corticosteroids.
Removal of the heart sound noise from the breath sound (1988)

A signal preprocessing system has been designed by the authors. It uses an adaptive filter to eliminate the noise caused by the heart sound from the breath sound signal. Pure breath sound can be obtained and provided to the analysis and classification system. This results in a more precise classification of the breath sound.< <ETX>></ETX>
The New Debit Card Regulations: Effects on Merchants, Consumers, and Payments System Efficiency (2013)

Public authorities have recently intervened in the U.S. payment card industry to address controversy over the growing fees charged to merchants for processing debit card transactions. The interventions, by Congress and by the Department of Justice, aimed to give merchants and consumers some relief from the high fees and to promote competition within the payment card industry. The new regulations cap certain fees and give merchants more control in routing debit card transactions and in steering customers toward the payment methods that merchants prefer. Merchants and the payment card industry took opposing sides in the controversy over fees. The merchants argued that lowering the fees through regulation would benefit consumers because the high fees charged to merchants were imposing costs on both merchants and consumers and reducing the efficiency of the nation’s payments system. In the merchants ’ view, the high fees reduced consumer welfare because
Review Article: Non-Invasive Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Techniques (2014)

Fetal heart rate monitoring is a process carried out during pregnancy and/or labor to keep track of the fetal heart rate and in some devices the uterine contractions. A variety of techniques has been studied and is used on a daily basis in many hospitals. This review discusses and compares the operating principle, the key signal processing techniques, advantages and drawbacks of five of those techniques: fetal electrocardiography (FECG) using abdominal surface electrodes, photoplethysmography (PPG) using near infrared (NIR) light, Doppler ultrasound, ultrasound based cardiotocography (CTG) known as electronic fetal monitoring and fetal magnetocardiography (FMCG). The review leads to the conclusion that the PPG overcomes almost all of the drawbacks of the other methods and thus deserves the most attention in future biomedical research.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF 1,2‐BENZISOXAZOLES IN STRONGLY ACIDIC SOLUTION (1979)

Abstract Photolyse (Quarz‐Filter) der aus den Vorstufen (I) neben den Isomeren (III) erhältlichen Benzisoxazole (II) in konz. H 2 SO 4 liefert nach der Aufarbeitung Gemische der Dihydroxy‐acylbenzole (IV) und (V) ( im Falle von (IIc) entsteht nur (Vc) in geringer Ausb.).
MIST: distributed indexing and querying in sensor networks using statistical models (2007)

The modeling of high level semantic events from low level sensor signals is important in order to understand distributed phenomena. For such content-modeling purposes, transformation of numeric data into symbols and the modeling of resulting symbolic sequences can be achieved using statistical models—Markov Chains (MCs) and Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). We consider the problem of distributed indexing and semantic querying over such sensor models. Specifically, we are interested in efficiently answering (i) range queries: return all sensors that have observed an unusual sequence of symbols with a high likelihood, (ii) top-1 queries: return the sensor that has the maximum probability of observing a given sequence, and (iii) 1-NN queries: return the sensor (model) which is most similar to a query model. All the above queries can be answered at the centralized base station, if each sensor transmits its model to the base station. However, this is communication-intensive. We present a much more efficient alternative—a distributed index structure, MIST (Modelbased Index STructure), and accompanying algorithms for answering the above queries. MIST aggregates two or more constituent models into a single composite model, and constructs an in-network hierarchy over such composite models. We develop two kinds of composite models: the first kind captures the average behavior of the underlying models and the second kind captures the extreme behaviors of the underlying models. Using the index parameters maintained at the root of a subtree, we bound the probability of observation of a query sequence from a sensor in the subtree. We also bound the distance of a query model to a sensor model using these parameters. Extensive experimental evaluation on both real-world and synthetic data sets show that the MIST schemes scale well in terms of network size and number of model states. We also show its superior performance over the centralized schemes in terms of update, query, and total communication costs. 1
Complete complex conjugate resolved heterodyne swept source optical coherence tomography using a dispersive optical delay line: erratum (2012)

We correct an error in our previous paper [Biomed.Opt.Express 2, 1218(2011)] which led to an erroneous conclusion that a dispersive optical delay line (DODL) used in a swept source optical coherence tomography (SSOCT) system generated a pure phase modulation allowing for complex conjugate artifact removal in Fourier domain OCT via optical heterodyning.We now understand that an alternate phenomenon known as coherence revival was responsible for the observed phase modulation, while the DODL provided a compact means of generating a large group delay with readily adjustable group velocity dispersion compensation.
Trefftz Finite Element Method and Its Applications (2005)

This paper presents an overview of the Trefftz finite element and its application in various engineering problems. Basic concepts of the Trefftz method are discussed, such as T-complete functions, special purpose elements, modified variational functionals, rank conditions, intraelement fields, and frame fields. The hybrid-Trefftz finite element formulation and numerical solutions of potential flow problems, plane elasticity, linear thin and thick plate bending, transient heat conduction, and geometrically nonlinear plate bending are described. Formulations for all cases are derived by means of a modified variational functional and T-complete solutions. In the case of geometrically nonlinear plate bending, exact solutions of the Lamé-Navier equations are used for the in-plane intraelement displacement field, and an incremental form of the basic equations is adopted. Generation of elemental stiffness equations from the modified variational principle is also discussed. Some typical numerical results are presented to show the application of the finite element approach. Finally, a brief summary of the approach is provided and future trends in this field are identified. There are 151 references cited in this revised article.
Observations and suggestions on the root-killing of fruit trees. (2017)

The root-killing of nursery and orchard trees is not by any means a new addition to the list of difficulties with which the orchardist of the northern Mississippi valley states is obliged to contend. Frequent reference is made to it in horticultural society literature. In the report of the Minnesota State Horticultural Society for 1871, page 86, I find the following: “Resolved, That in the opinion of this Society the nursery and orchard trees of the state are in good condition for wintering up to the present time, when properly mulched, and that in consequence of a lack of sufficient quantity of snow we recommend to all who have not mulched their trees to do so immediately to prevent root-killing.”
How to Flowchart for Hardware (1981)

The flowchart method is a procedure for designing the processor of a computer. It helps transform the English description into the formal description a circuit designer needs.
Ueber Anhydro ‐ p ‐ oxymesitylalkohol und seine Umwandlungsproducte (1898)

11 en d o r f f , Anhydro -poxymesitylalkohol mit dem 8-Ester (Schmelzp. 4 so) structurisomer. Jener ist
Application of an Er <sup>3+</sup> -doped fibre amplifierto an OTDR operating at 1.6 µm (1994)

An erbium-doped fibre amplifier with a high gain coefficient at 1.6 µm is constructed employing a dual pumping scheme. The amplifier is successfully applied to an OTDR, producing output optical pulses characterised by a peak power of 476 mW for a duration of 1 µs.
Quantitative determination of intracellular depolymerase activity in Pseudomonas oleovorans inclusions containing poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates with long alkyl substituents (1994)

Research regarding the accurate, quantitative degradation of novel poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates has been restricted by the absence of an appropriate monitoring technique. The calibration of a gas chromatograph to poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate reveals a linear relationship between the area under gas chromatograph tracings and polymer weight. With this new method, poly-3-hydroxyactanoate granules isolated from Pseudomonas oleovorans, which were incubated at 30°C in an alkaline buffer, exhibited a linear degradation rate. Degradation was inhibited by the presence of Triton X-100 and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. The depolymerase was demonstrated to be associated with the polymer granule complex and most likely possessed serine residues at its active site.
<i>MUC5B</i> Promoter Polymorphism and Interstitial Lung Abnormalities (2013)

The MUC5B promoter polymorphism was found to be associated with interstitial lung disease in the general population. Although this association was more apparent in older persons, it did not appear to be influenced by cigarette smoking. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00005121.).