gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimates and measures of data communication and processing in nanoscaled classical and quantum physical systems (2014)

This paper studies fundamentals of classical, classical-quantum and quantum information technologies to advance sensing, data acquisition and computing. The overall goal is to define, analyze and evaluate classical and quantum-mechanical information measures pertained to data processing by low-power nanoelectronic devices, nanoICs, nano-waveguides, CMOS nanophotonics, etc. Electronic, optoelectronic and photonic systems operate on the electron- and photon-induced transductions. There are fundamental differences in physics, arithmetics, device- and system-level solutions as electrostatic and quantum phenomena are utilized. This paper analyzes multi-physics quantum↔classical processing. We enable a knowledge base in cognizant areas across computer science and engineering. Our findings enable existing and future communication, sensing, information fusion, computing and processing platforms. Consistent tools and practical schemes facilitate developments of novel engineering solutions, technical readiness, technological capabilities and commercialization capacities.
Construction of “Sleeper” Cloning Vehicles for Enzyme Overproduction (1982)

Journal Article Construction of “Sleeper” Cloning Vehicles for Enzyme Overproduction Get access Eiichi Nakano, Eiichi Nakano Noda Institute for Scientific Research, 399 Noda, Noda-shi, Chiba 278, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tsutomu Masuda Tsutomu Masuda Noda Institute for Scientific Research, 399 Noda, Noda-shi, Chiba 278, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 46, Issue 1, 1 January 1982, Pages 313–315, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1982.10865060 Published: 01 January 1982 Article history Received: 10 August 1981 Published: 01 January 1982
Porous etching: A means to enhance the photoresponse of indirect semiconductors (1995)

A strategy for improving the photoresponse for junctions based on crystalline and polycrystalline semiconductors is presented. Porous etching is used to produce a layer (e.g., see Figure) within which the light is more effectively absorbed. By tailoring the porous layer, it is possible to ensure that the minority carriers, while generated deep within the semiconductor, are nevertheless able to reach the junction without recombining magnified image .
Pathogen-Induced Production of the Antifungal AFP Protein from <i>Aspergillus giganteus</i> Confers Resistance to the Blast Fungus <i>Magnaporthe grisea</i> in Transgenic Rice (2005)

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe grisea, is the most important fungal disease of cultivated rice worldwide. We have developed a strategy for creating disease resistance to M. grisea whereby pathogen-induced expression of the afp (antifungal protein) gene from Aspergillus giganteus occurs in transgenic rice plants. Here, we evaluated the activity of the promoters from three maize pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, ZmPR4, mpi, and PRms, in transgenic rice. Chimeric gene fusions were prepared between the maize promoters and the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene (gus A). Histochemical assays of GUS activity in transgenic rice revealed that the ZmPR4 promoter is strongly induced in response to fungal infection, treatment with fungal elicitors, and mechanical wounding. The ZmPR4 promoter is not active in the seed endosperm. The mpi promoter also proved responsiveness to fungal infection and wounding but not to treatment with elicitors. In contrast, no activity of the PRms promoter in leaves of transgenic rice was observed. Transgenic plants expressing the afp gene under the control of the ZmPR4 promoter were generated. Transformants showed resistance to M. grisea at various levels. Our results suggest that pathogen-inducible expression of the afp gene in rice plants may be a practical way for protection against the blast fungus. Most agricultural crop species suffer from a vast array of fungal diseases that cause severe yield losses all over the world. Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe grisea (Herbert) Barr (anamorph Pyricularia grisea), is the most devastating disease of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), due to its
Fumarase Deficiency: A New Cause of Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy (1986)

We observed a deficiency of both the mitochondrial and cytosolic forms of fumarase in a male infant with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy who presented at one month of age with failure to thrive, developmental delay, hypotonia, cerebral atrophy, lactic and pyruvic acidemia, and fumaric aciduria. The patient died at eight months of age. Isolated skeletal-muscle mitochondria showed selective defects in the oxidation of glutamate (31 ng atoms of oxygen consumed per minute per milligram of mitochondrial protein, as compared with 94 +/- 19 [mean +/- SD] in five controls) and of succinate (18 vs. 145 +/- 18 ng atoms of oxygen per minute per milligram of protein), whereas isolated liver mitochondria oxidized these and other substrates normally. Fumarase activity was virtually absent in both liver mitochondria (53 vs. 2878 +/- 248 nmol per minute per milligram of protein [5 controls]) and skeletal-muscle mitochondria (23 vs. 1997 +/- 717 nmol per minute per milligram [12 controls]). Seventeen other mitochondrial enzymes had normal activity in both liver and muscle mitochondrial extracts. Fumarase activity was also significantly reduced in homogenates of liver tissue (less than 1 vs. 90 +/- 25 mumol per minute per gram of wet weight [five controls]) and skeletal muscle (less than 1 vs. 21 +/- 4 mumol per minute per gram [five controls]), indicating a deficiency of both mitochondrial and cytosolic fumarases. Organ differences in intramitochondrial accumulation of fumarate may have accounted for the selective oxidative defects observed in the skeletal-muscle mitochondria but not liver mitochondria. All these findings are consistent with a profound combined fumarase deficiency.
<title>Ion r-m transition lasers: possible transitions</title> (1993)

An analysis of available transitions for pulsed laser oscillation from the first resonance levels to the metastable levels (r-m transitions) in singly ionized atoms is presented. The characteristics of resonance and metastable levels and wavelengths of corresponding r-m transitions are given for 30 elements. Energy level diagrams are presented for 8 typical elements.
Multicast source routing in packet-switched networks (1991)

An address coding mechanism is presented for multicast source routing packets in packet-switched networks. A simple algorithm for processing these address codes at intermediate output link adaptors is presented. It involves only the recognition of a particular link label at the front part of the address code and the stripping off of a front segment of the address code and so can easily be implemented in hardware. Recognizing that the recipients of a multicast packet very often need to respond to the source node, a reverse-path address code is designed that allows individual destination nodes to retrieve the reverse path address without searching the topology database and invoking any route computation program.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Packaging a fiber Bragg grating without preloading in a simple athermal bimaterial device (2002)

This study presents two athermal packages for compensating for the temperature deviations in an optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Usually, a pre-loading mechanism is necessary in packaging the FBG on bimaterial devices. However, through a unique bonding process design, the pre-loading mechanism in the packaging could be eliminated. During the manufacturing processes, AB thermally cured adhesive is used to affix the FBG to the device under a thermal state. In this way, the FBG affixed to the devices is under tension when the temperature drops to room temperature. The devices can also be placed continuously under a thermal state after a thermal curing process for a pre-determined period of time to perform annealing on the FBG, and thereby, further simplifying the manufacturing process. As a result, the total variation in the Bragg wavelength over the range from -40 to +80/spl deg/C was around 0.1 nm in the two proposed athermal packages.
Environmentally Benign Hardness Removal Using Ion-Exchange Fibers and Snowmelt (2005)

Many industrial unit operations and unit processes require near-complete removal of hardness to avoid scaling in heat-transfer equipment, fouling in membranes, and high consumption of detergents and sequestering chemicals in cooling and wash water. Lime softening and cation exchange are the most commonly used processes practiced to date for hardness removal. Herein, we report and discuss the results and attributes of a new hardness removal process using ion-exchange fibers (IX-fibers). Most importantly, the process uses harvested snowmelt (or rainwater) as the regenerant chemical along with sparged carbon dioxide. Consequently, the spent regenerant does not contain a high concentration of aggressive chemicals such as sodium chloride or acid like traditional ion-exchange processes nor does the process produce voluminous sludges similar to lime softening. The bulk of carbon dioxide consumed during regeneration remains sequestered in the aqueous phase as alkalinity. IX-fibers form the heart of the process. They are essentially thin cylindrical polymeric strands 10-20 microm in diameter. The weak-acid carboxylate functional groups reside near to the surface of these cylindrical fibers. Low intraparticle diffusional resistance is the underlying reason IX-fibers are amenable to efficient regeneration with snowmelt sparged with carbon dioxide. When the carbon dioxide partial pressure is increased to 6.8 atm, over 90% calcium desorption efficiency is obtained. On the contrary, commercial weak-acid ion-exchange resins in spherical bead forms are ineffective for regeneration with carbon-dioxide-sparged snowmelt due to extremely slow ion-exchange kinetics involving counter-transport of Ca2+ and H+.
A new self-aligned contact technology for III-V MOSFETs (2010)

We report the first demonstration of a self-aligned contact technology for III-V MOSFETs. A novel epitaxy process with in-situ surface treatment was developed to selectively form a thin continuous germanium-silicon (GeSi) layer on gallium arsenide (GaAs) source and drain (S/D) regions. By precisely and fully converting the GeSi layer into NiGeSi, while diffusing Ge and Si into GaAs to form heavily n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> doped regions, a novel self-aligned nickel germanosilicide (NiGeSi) ohmic contact was achieved. This is expected to significantly enhance the performance of III-V MOSFETs.
Implementation of self-healing function in ATM networks based on virtual path concept (2002)

This paper proposes an implementation scheme for the self-healing function in ATM networks and assesses its performance. First, our proposed ATM self-healing scheme is described. This scheme realizes more rapid restoration of failed virtual paths than other self-healing algorithms, supports the node failure case, and minimizes the spare resources required. Next, an implementation scheme is proposed. We propose that the self-healing function be implemented as a software process, and that OAM cells are utilized for fast message transmission. Next, results of a prototype system that we implemented on an ATM cross-connect system are discussed. The fundamental characteristics of restoration performance are measured using an experimental network. Based on these results, an NE processing system analysis and computer simulation for estimating the characteristics as applied to a real-scale network are discussed. Finally, a management scheme for self-healing is proposed based on the TMN concept.
High-strain slide-ring shape-memory polycaprolactone-based polyurethane (2018)

To enable shape-memory polymer networks to achieve recoverable high deformability with a simultaneous high shape-fixity ratio and shape-recovery ratio, novel semi-crystalline slide-ring shape-memory polycaprolactone-based polyurethane (SR-SMPCLU) with movable net-points constructed by a topologically interlocked slide-ring structure was designed and fabricated. The SR-SMPCLU not only exhibited good shape fixity, almost complete shape recovery, and a fast shape-recovery speed, it also showed an outstanding recoverable high-strain capacity with 95.83% Rr under a deformation strain of 1410% due to the pulley effect of the topological slide-ring structure. Furthermore, the SR-SMPCLU system maintained excellent shape-memory performance with increasing the training cycle numbers at 45% and even 280% deformation strain. The effects of the slide-ring cross-linker content, deformation strain, and successive shape-memory cycles on the shape-memory performance were investigated. A possible mechanism for the shape-memory effect of the SR-SMPCLU system is proposed.
Immune response to a thymus-dependent form of B512 dextran requires the presence of Lyb-5+ lymphocytes. (1983)

Studies of the ontogeny of the immune response to B512 dextran (Dex) show that antibody responses equal to those of adult mice are not attained until 12 wk of age. We have examined the anti-Dex response after immunization with a thymus-dependent antigen isomaltohexaosyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (IM6-KLH) and have shown that the development of the cross-reacting anti-Dex response parallels the development of Lyb-5+ B cells. Adult levels of anti-Dex antibody after immunization with IM6-KLH are achieved in mice between 3 and 12 wk of age, a time when Lyb-5+ cells have reached adult levels. Neonatal mice, immunized at 1 d or 1 wk after birth, failed to produce a significant amount of anti-Dex antibodies, although they did produce IM6-specific antibodies after immunization with IM6-KLH. Data, which support the conclusion from these experiments that Lyb-5+ cells are required for an anti-polysaccharide response even when the immunizing antigen is thymus-dependent, include the failure of IM6-KLH to stimulate a normal anti-Dex response in mice with the xid defect and the direct demonstration in normal adult mice that elimination of Lyb-5+ cells from spleens of mice primed with IM6-KLH abolishes the ability of these cells to transfer an anti-Dex response. The data imply that the expressed B cell repertoire in adult animals is skewed such that the vast majority of B cells capable of responding to polysaccharide determinants are in the Lyb-5+ subset.
Turbid plasma donations in whole blood donors: fat chance? (2011)

Donors who provided a turbid donation have a less favorable cardiovascular profile compared to other donors. Having dinner, high triglyceride levels, and smoking are independent risk factors for turbid plasma donations.
Determination of Erectile Penile Volume by Ultrasonography (1989)

A total of 58 men with organic erectile dysfunction underwent penile blood flow studies with a 10 MHz. high resolution ultrasonogram and pulsed Doppler analysis after papaverine injection. The average volume increase for the entire group was 52.62 cc (445.9 per cent). No statistical differences in volume increase were noted among 3 groups separated by age. The average volume increase in 23 patients with venous insufficiency was greater than that in 20 patients with primary arterial insufficiency (p less than 0.033). Eleven patients who had erections satisfactory for vaginal penetration after papaverine injection had a statistically greater increase in penile length but no difference in volume increase than those with a poor response. The 10 MHz. high resolution sonogram provides the most accurate assessment of penile volume, which if measured at specific intervals after papaverine injection should allow an accurate assessment of penile flow. Patients with venous insufficiency may have weakness of the tunica, allowing greater volume expansion. A satisfactory erection is not associated with a significant increase in volume.
Efficient incorporation of CoA, NAD and FAD into RNA by in vitro transcription (2003)

Protein enzymes frequently recruit small molecule coenzymes to perform a variety of biochemical reactions. While the catalytic activities of RNA have been expanding rapidly, a similar strategy for RNA to utilize coenzymes and to increase its functional capabilities has yet to be demonstrated. A general in vitro transcription procedure has been developed to efficiently prepare RNA with coenzymes CoA, NAD and FAD covalently attached to the 5' end. These adenosine-containing coenzymes initiate transcription under the T7 class II promoter by T7 RNA polymerase. In addition to the three coenzymes, other adenosine-containing molecules may be incorporated into the first nucleotide position of RNA as well. This method provides easy access to CoA-, NAD- and FAD-RNA, which may find broad applications in generating coenzyme- utilizing ribozymes. In addition, both oxidized FAD and reduced NADH are highly fluorescent. NADH-RNA and FAD-RNA can therefore be used as probes for DNA/RNA detection and for structural investigation of RNA function by fluorescence spectroscopy.
Ueber Nitroacetophenon und Nitroaceton (1899)

und nicht die Striicturisonierir,
Phase I Trial of Carmustine Plus O6-Benzylguanine for Patients With Recurrent or Progressive Malignant Glioma (2000)

These results indicate that the MTD of BCNU when given in combination with O(6)-BG at a dose of 100 mg/m(2) is 40 mg/m(2) administered at 6-week intervals. This study provides the foundation for a phase II trial of O(6)-BG plus BCNU in nitrosourea-resistant malignant glioma.
Humoral pathway for local transfer of the priming pheromone androstenol from the nasal cavity to the brain and hypophysis in anaesthetized gilts (2000)

It is generally accepted that pheromones act by stimulating of the dendritic receptors of the olfactory neurones massed in the olfactory epithelium. This study was designed to ascertain whether it is possible for the boar pheromone androstenol (5alpha-androst-16-en-3-ol) to be transported from the nasal cavity of anaesthetized gilts to the brain and hypophysis via local transfer from the blood in the perihypophyseal vascular complex. The experiment was performed on days 18-21 of the porcine oestrous cycle (crossbred gilts, n = 6). Tritiated androstenol (3H-A; total amount 108 d.p.m. (758 ng)) was applied for 1 min onto the respiratory part of the nasal mucosa, 4-6 cm from the opening of the nares. Arterial blood samples from the aorta and from the carotid rete were collected every 2 min during the 60 min period following administration of the steroid. Total radioactive venous effluent from the head was removed and an adequate volume of homologous blood was transfused into the heart through the carotid external vein. At the end of the experiment gilts were killed and tissue samples of the hypophysis and some brain structures were collected to measure radioactivity. In addition, corresponding control tissues were collected from three untreated gilts and from three heads of gilts 60 min after 3H-A was applied post mortem into the nasal cavity. The concentration of 3H-A was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in the arterial blood of the carotid rete than that of aorta. The mean rate of 3H-A counter current transfer from venous to arterial blood in the perihypophyseal vascular complex, expressed as the ratio of the 3H-A concentration in arterial blood of the carotid rete to the 3H-A concentration in blood sampled simultaneously from the aorta, was 1.96 ± 0.1. The concentration of 3H-A in plasma from the venous effluent from the head ranged from 1.3 to 1.8 pg ml-1. During the 60 min period of the experiment, 0.68 % of the total applied dose of 3H-A was resorbed from the nasal cavity into the venous blood. Moreover, we found that 3H-A was present in the olfactory bulb (P < 0.01), amygdala, septum, hypothalamus, adenohypophysis, neurohypophysis (P > 0.05) and perihypophyseal vascular complex (P < 0.01). These results demonstrate that, in anaesthetized gilts, the boar pheromone androstenol may be resorbed from the nasal mucosa, transferred in the perihypophyseal vascular complex into arterial blood supplying the brain and hypophysis, and then arrested in the hypophysis and certain brain structures. We suggest that in addition to the standard neural pathway for signalling pheromones, another pathway exists whereby androstenol, as a priming pheromone, may be resorbed from the nasal cavity into the bloodstream and then pass locally from the perihypophyseal vascular complex into the arterial blood supplying the brain and hypophysis, thus avoiding the first passage metabolism in the liver.
Transparent Checkpoint-Restart of Distributed Applications on Commodity Clusters (2005)

We have created ZapC, a novel system for transparent coordinated checkpoint-restart of distributed network applications on commodity clusters. ZapC provides a thin visualization layer on top of the operating system that decouples a distributed application from dependencies on the cluster nodes on which it is executing. This decoupling enables ZapC to checkpoint an entire distributed application across all nodes in a coordinated manner such that it can he restarted from the checkpoint on a different set of cluster nodes at a later time. ZapC checkpoint-restart operations execute in parallel across different cluster nodes, providing faster checkpoint-restart performance. ZapC uniquely supports network state in a transport protocol independent manner, including correctly saving and restoring socket and protocol state for both TCP and UDP connections. We have implemented a ZapC Linux prototype and demonstrate that it provides low visualization overhead and fast checkpoint-restart times for distributed network applications without any application, library, kernel, or network protocol modifications