gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced mining of association rules from data cubes (2006)

On-line analytical processing (OLAP) provides tools to explore and navigate into data cubes in order to extract interesting information. Nevertheless, OLAP is not capable of explaining relationships that could exist in a data cube. Association rules are one kind of data mining techniques which finds associations among data. In this paper, we propose a framework for mining inter-dimensional association rules from data cubes according to a sum-based aggregate measure more general than simple frequencies provided by the traditional COUNT measure. Our mining process is guided by a meta-rule context driven by analysis objectives and exploits aggregate measures to revisit the definition of support and confidence. We also evaluate the interestingness of mined association rules according to Lift and Loevinger criteria and propose an efficient algorithm for mining inter-dimensional association rules directly from a multidimensional data.
Antibody formation to enzyme therapy in classic infantile Pompe disease: implications of patient age (2013)

Enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) with alglucosidase alfa has improved the lifespan of patients with classic infantile Pompe disease, although ERT is not effective in a subset of patients who mount an immune response to the exogenous enzyme. We studied the development of antibodies in response to ERT and its effect on clinical outcomes in 11 patients with classic infantile Pompe disease treated with ERT since 1999 for a median of 4.2 years (range 3 months to 12 years).
Experimental consequences of objective local theories (1974)

A broad class of theories, called "objective local theories," is defined, motivation for considering these theories is given, and experimental consequences of the class are investigated. An extension of previous analyses by Bell and by Clauser et al. shows that predictions of objective local theories and of quantum mechanics differ, and that an experimental test of the entire family of objective local theories can be performed. The experimental requirements are given. Objective local theories satisfying a plausible but experimentally untestable supplementary assumption are shown to be incompatible with existing experimental data.
Specificity of an extracellular proteinase from Brevibacterium linens ATCC 9174 on bovine alpha s1-casein (1996)

The specificity of the extracellular proteinase from Brevibacterium linens ATCC 9174 on bovine alpha s1-casein was studied. Hydrolysis was monitored over time by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and urea-PAGE. The major pH 4.6-soluble peptides were isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography and identified by N-terminal amino acid sequencing and mass spectrometry. The time course of peptide formation indicated that His-8-Gln-9, Ser-161-Gly-162, and either Gln-172-Tyr-173 or Phe-23-Phe-24 were the first, second, and third bonds cleaved, respectively. Other cleavage sites included Asn-19-Leu-20, Phe-32-Gly-33, Tyr-104-Lys-105, Leu-142-Ala-143, Phe-150-Arg-151, Gln-152-Phe-153, Leu-169-Gly-170, and Thr-171-Gln-172. The proteinase had a broad specificity for the amino acid residues at the P1 and P'1 positions but showed a preference for hydrophobic residues at the P2, P3, P4, P'2, P'3, and P'4 positions.
A radio access system with distributed antennas (1996)

This paper analyzes a radio access system that has multiple antennas spatially distributed throughout each cell, instead of a single antenna at each cell. The same signal is simulcast by each antenna in the cell. The signals at a given cell could be multiplexed and modulated for radio transmission at a single node, then transmitted on a coaxial cable distribution system to and from the distributed antennas in a cell. Frequency translation and radio frequency (RF) amplification may need to be performed at each antenna, except for indoor applications with short coaxial cables. This paper presents calculations of signal-to-interference ratios (SIR) and handoff performance for cells with distributed antennas. It is shown that the use of distributed antennas can substantially increase the SIR above a system with a single antenna per cell, and this increase is quantified. It is also shown that increasing the number of antennas results in better overall handoff performance, with a lower number of handoffs and higher received signal power. Minimizing the number of handoffs will reduce the impact of wireless services on network elements.
Learning Maximal Marginal Relevance Model via Directly Optimizing Diversity Evaluation Measures (2015)

In this paper we address the issue of learning a ranking model for search result diversification. In the task, a model concerns with both query-document relevance and document diversity is automatically created with training data. Ideally a diverse ranking model would be designed to meet the criterion of maximal marginal relevance, for selecting documents that have the least similarity to previously selected documents. Also, an ideal learning algorithm for diverse ranking would train a ranking model that could directly optimize the diversity evaluation measures with respect to the training data. Existing methods, however, either fail to model the marginal relevance, or train ranking models by minimizing loss functions that loosely related to the evaluation measures. To deal with the problem, we propose a novel learning algorithm under the framework of Perceptron, which adopts the ranking model that \emph{maximizes marginal relevance at ranking and can optimize any diversity evaluation measure in training}. The algorithm, referred to as PAMM (Perceptron Algorithm using Measures as Margins), first constructs positive and negative diverse rankings for each training query, and then repeatedly adjusts the model parameters so that the margins between the positive and negative rankings are maximized. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets show that PAMM significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art baseline methods.
Ambipolar Field‐Effect Transistor (FET) and Redox Characteristics of a <i>π</i>‐Conjugated Thiophene/1,3,4‐Thiadiazole CT‐Type Copolymer (2005)

Abstract Summary: A π ‐conjugated charge transfer‐type copolymer consisting of an electron‐donating thiophene and an electron‐accepting 1,3,4‐thiadiazole, P(ThdzTh), underwent facile electrochemical p ‐ and n ‐doping, as revealed by cyclic voltammetry. The copolymer gave a new ambipolar field‐effect transistor (FET), which showed typical I DS (source–drain current)– V DS (source–drain voltage) curves in both a p ‐type working mode and an n ‐type working mode. In the n ‐type working mode, the polymer showed a carrier mobility of about 5 × 10 −3 cm 2 · V −1 · s −1 and an on/off ratio of about 3 × 10 4 . n ‐Channel field‐effect transistor characteristics of P(ThdzTh). magnified image n ‐Channel field‐effect transistor characteristics of P(ThdzTh).
Output Optimization of Microhydro Kaplan Turbine by Double Regulating Runner and Guide Vane (2013)

Recently so much attention has been focused on renewable energy and, since its sources to exploit are already almost saturated in the country, the practical alternative to this situation could be a micro-turbine which uses the low head and low flow. From a point of view of local micro-turbine design capacity and manufacturing technology, the problems such as the accumulation of technical skills, the expansion of related industries, the national policy expansion and the turbine efficiency to improve are still vulnerable and it’"s true that there are also negative views about the economic feasibility, the technicity and the operation management of the micro-turbine. However, if the improvement can be done in technology of low-head double regulation micro-turbine to generate more outputs and the operation management can be reliably realized, the micro-turbine will be re-evaluated as an appliable source of renewable energy, even the output is small, and by a paradigm shift, it could realize a power generation as an economic and rational system.
Open source traffic analyzer (2010)

Proper traffic analysis is crucial for the development of network systems, services and protocols. Traffic analysis equipment is often based on costly dedicated hardware, and uses proprietary softw ...
Supporting interoperability to heterogeneous IDS in secure networking framework (2004)

On 22 October 2002, ICANN, the Internet's main governing body, acknowledged that a massive distributed denial-of-service attack briefly shut down seven of the 13 central Domain Name Services servers that manage Internet traffic worldwide. Prompt action by DNS server operators minimized the duration and impact of the attack, which had little effect on overall Internet performance. Intrusion detection systems are researched and developed to detect attacks from outside world since 1980. Intrusion detection systems create an alert data or log data when detect an intrusion. But Many IDS uses heterogeneous data set, so these data must be mapped to another format. IDWG in IETF proposed IDMEF. This paper designs an alert data format compatible IDMEF. The secure networking framework is consisted of SGS and CPCS. SGS acts as an intrusion detection system on edge of network ingress point, and CPCS acts as a higher-level server. SGS makes an alert data compatible IDMEF and sends it to CPCS. CPCS parses an IDMEF alert data and makes an alert object for using correlation analysis. SGS can see its area only, but CPCS can see wide network area. CPCS can detect more complex attacks as well as support integrated management through cooperating each other. In the view of alert processing we converted raw alert data to Ladon-alert data to support interoperability. We use IDMEF-compatible alert datat structure. We have designed and developed integrated IDS on gateway, and security control server on higher-level class. Then this framework offers cooperative intrusion detection, policy based controlling.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthetic Approach to 4‐Substituted Indoles. (1987)

Abstract The organo‐thallium compound (I) is converted to the 4‐substituted indole‐3‐carbaldehydes (II).
A novel phase shifter using a GaAs MESFET in passive configuration (2002)

A new kind of voltage controllable phase shifter has been developed. The technique used to develop this phase shifter employs GaAs MESFETs as passive elements, similar to those used for monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) switches and attenuators. The result is a phase shifter that is smaller and that requires fewer components. A demonstration, single MESFET phase shifter was produced for the 3.7 to 4.2-GHz satellite band. This phase shifter provided near flat, voltage linear phase shifts up to 45 degrees across the design band with a maximum insertion loss of 6 dB.
The Replacement of Bromine by Chlorine in Aromatic Compounds (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Replacement of Bromine by Chlorine in Aromatic CompoundsWilliam B. Hardy and Robert B. FortenbaughCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 7, 1716–1718Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01540a052RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views626Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (337 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Mathematical Formulation of Model-Based Methods for Diagnostics and Prognostics (2006)

System health management capability strives to estimate the current and the future operating states of the system through continuous monitoring of key operating variables. Once the current and future states are estimated, this information will be used to help the dispatcher (or field commander) better respond to anticipated fault conditions, it will also help the logistician (or support crew) better prepare for maintenance actions. Estimating the current and the future operating states are commonly referred to as the diagnostic and the prognostic problems. Diagnostic and prognostic problems can be solved by two different approaches: the model-based approach and the data-based approach. The model-based approach is increasingly favored because it is able to provide more accurate estimation of these operating states, and because it is naturally extensible to the physics of failure, which has been considered a promising enhancement to the conventional prognostic technology. To apply the model-based approach more effectively to diagnostic and prognostic problems, we need to cast these problems in a unified formulation to understand the relationship between the two; furthermore, we need to integrate candidate algorithms with the problem formulation to allow sound evaluation of different solution methods. A unified formulation of the diagnostic and prognostic problems has been suggested in a paper presented at the 2005 ASME World Congress. This formulation uses a linear, time-invariant model as the foundation and expressed diagnostics and prognostics as the same threshold-checking problem. However, the formulation does not include the algorithms used in system health management. Augmenting the problem formulation with health management algorithms is the goal of this paper. This paper presents integrated mathematical formulations for several model-based methods to solve the diagnostic and prognostic problems. Each integrated formulation combines the basic problem formulation with a specific algorithm. The set of integrated formulation provides a theoretical perspective of system health management challenges.
Precision UBVJH Single Channel Photometry of Epsilon Aurigae (2007)

First observed in the early 1980's the Hopkins Phoenix Observatory continues its UBV band observations of the long period (27.1 years) eclipsing binary star system epsilon Aurigae. The UBV observations routinely produce standard deviations or data spread better than 0.01 magnitudes many times approaching 0.001 magnitudes. A new infrared detector has allowed the addition of precision infrared observations for the JH bands. Typical infrared observations approach a standard deviation of data spread of 0.01 magnitudes. The 2003 2005 seasons (Fall through Spring) of epsilon Aurigae observations showed a 66.2 day variation that gradually increases in average and peak magnitude in the UBV bands, The 2006 season (Fall 2006 to Spring 2007) data show what appears to be a fall-back to a quiet period near maximum amplitude of V= 3.00. This paper presents the data and compares the current season to the past several seasons. The next eclipse is scheduled to begin in 2009 and an international campaign has been organized to coordinate new observations. [http://www.~hposoft.com/Campaign09.html]
Measurement of three-dimensional welding torch orientation for manual arc welding process (2014)

Methods and systems are provided herein for measuring 3D apparatus (e.g., manual tool or tool accessory) orientation. Example implementations use an auto-nulling algorithm that incorporates a quaternion-based unscented Kalman filter. Example implementations use a miniature inertial measurement unit endowed with a tri-axis gyro and a tri-axis accelerometer. The auto-nulling algorithm serves as an in-line calibration procedure to compensate for the gyro drift, which has been verified to significantly improve the estimation accuracy in three-dimensions, especially in the heading estimation.
A Practical Approach to the Estimation of North Korea (2001)

In spite of the problems caused by the difference in economic systems and the data unavailability, North Korea's (NK's hereafter) GNP has been estimated by many in response to urgent needs. Traditionally, estimation of NK's GNP has been made through an expenditure approach, a distribution approach or a real indicator approach. The first two approaches are, however, subject to the data problems, while the third one is believed to lack in theoretical basis. For this reason, the SNA (System of National Accounts) based production approach, which is employed by the Bank of Korea {hereafter, BOK) has drawn great attention, since it can avoid the usual difficulties involved in the estimation of NK's GNP. The new approach is often criticized for its fictional nature of the estimates. However, its practical usefulness is believed to overcome such criticism. This paper is to prove the practical usefulness and theoretical soundness of the production approach by employing a simple macroeconomic model, which is to demonstrate forecasting accuracy.
An Experimental Investigation of Fines Migration in Porous Media (1983)

ABSTRACT Permeability decline in argillaceous sandstone formations has tendered a broad spectrum of explanations and related remedial treatments. This decline has often been attributed to the mobilization, migration, and plugging of fine particles in the formation pore spaces. While previous investigations have generally been directed toward either a chemical or a mechanical characterization of the damage mechanism, this experimental study was undertaken to comprehensively analyze both the chemical and the mechanical interactions. In linear core tests, the flow of a chemically compatible, wetting fluid resulted in severe permeability loss when the fluid velocity exceeded a critical value. The flow of a chemically incompatible, wetting fluid resulted in a total loss of permeability which exhibited no dependency on fluid velocity or volumetric throughput. Pretreatment of the core with a cationic polymer (clay stabilizer) prevented permeability damage due to chemical incompatibility. However, a cationic polymer pretreatment could not protect the core against damage caused by exceeding the critical velocity.
BACILLUS-CALMETTE-GUERIN (BCG) AND 3D TUMORS: AN IN VITRO MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF ADHESION AND INVASION (1999)

With regard to the clinical situation the selective adhesion and internalization of BCG to malignant cells might explain why BCG has been rarely found in follow-up biopsies in tumor free patients. More interestingly, the selective adhesion of BCG to and infiltration of BAK effector cells into malignant cell spheroids suggests a selective mode of action of BCG.
A precoding scheme for DFT-based OFDM to suppress sidelobes (2009)

In spectrum pooling scenario, the spectral leakage of DFT-based OFDM signal can be divided into in-band-out-ofsubband (IBOSB) radiation and out-of-band (OOB) radiation. A precoding scheme is proposed to suppress the IBOSB sidelobes. The precoding design is based on the generalized eigenvalue problem. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can suppress the sidelobes significantly in contrast to the uncoded schemes. At the same time, the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) performance of the precoded system over multipath fading channel is improved due to the frequency diversity.
Spinal cord injury induces differential expression of the profibrotic semaphorin 7A in the developing and mature glial scar (2010)

Semaphorin 7A (Sema7A) is involved in the formation of the central nervous system during development by operating axon guidance and neuronal migration. We investigated the expression of the TGFβ-inducible Sema7A following spinal cord injury (SCI). After SCI, Sema7A(+) cells accumulated specifically in lesion areas resulting in significantly enhanced Sema7A expression at the injury site (P < 0.0001). During the first days lesional Sema7A expression was confined to neurons, ballooned neurite fibers/retraction bulbs, and endothelial cells. At day 7, we observed Sema7A expression by components of the glial scar, such as reactive astrocytes and pronounced extracellular Sema7A deposition. In the direct perilesional rim, Sema7A(+) astrocytes coexpressed the activation-associated intermediate filament vimentin. In the injured spinal cord, numbers of Sema7A(+) cells reached maximum levels at day 14. The restricted accumulation of Sema7A(+) reactive astrocytes and Sema7A deposition in fibronectin(+) extracellular matrix territories suggests a participation of the fibrostimulatory Sema7A in the developing and maturating scar following SCI. In addition, Sema7A appears to be marker a for astrocyte activation.
Methods to improve the detection of mild cognitive impairment (2005)

We examined whether the performance of the National Institute of Aging's Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease's 10-word list (CWL), part of the consortium's neuropsychological battery, can be improved for detecting Alzheimer's disease and related disorders early. We focused on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia because these stages often go undetected, and their detection is important for treatment. Using standardized diagnostic criteria combined with history, physical examination, and cognitive, laboratory, and neuroimaging studies, we staged 471 community-dwelling subjects for dementia severity by using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. We then used correspondence analysis (CA) to derive a weighted score for each subject from their item responses over the three immediate- and one delayed-recall trials of the CWL. These CA-weighted scores were used with logistic regression to predict each subject's probability of impairment, and receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to measure accuracy. For MCI vs. normal, accuracy was 97% [confidence interval (C.I.) 97-98%], sensitivity was 94% (C.I. 93-95%), and specificity was 89% (C.I. 88-91%). For MCI/mild dementia vs. normal, accuracy was 98% (C.I. 98-99%), sensitivity was 96% (C.I. 95-97%), and specificity was 91% (C.I. 89-93%). MCI sensitivity was 12% higher (without lowering specificity) than that obtained with the delayed-recall total score (the standard method for CWL interpretation). Optimal positive and negative predictive values were 100% and at least 96.6%. These results show that CA-weighted scores can significantly improve early detection of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders.
Chaperonins – keeping a lid on folding proteins (2001)

Two classes of chaperonins are known in all groups of organisms to participate in the folding of newly synthesized proteins. Whereas bacterial type I chaperonins use a reversibly binding cofactor to temporarily sequester folding substrate proteins within the cylindrical chaperonin cavity, type II chaperonins in archaea and the eukaryotic cytosol appear to have evolved a built-in lid for this purpose. Not entirely surprisingly, this has consequences for the folding modes of the two types of chaperonins.