gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthetic studies on (2R,4'R,8'R)-.alpha.-tocopherol. An alternative synthesis of (2R,6R)-(+)-2,6,10-trimethylundecan-1-ol, a key side chain synthon (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic studies on (2R,4'R,8'R)-.alpha.-tocopherol. An alternative synthesis of (2R,6R)-(+)-2,6,10-trimethylundecan-1-ol, a key side chain synthonNoal Cohen, Wayne F. Eichel, Rocco J. Lopresti, Christian Neukom, and Gabriel SaucyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 22, 3512–3515Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00884a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00884a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views289Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preparation of Carbon Materials with Different Morphologies (2010)

In this paper, carbon materials with solid and hollow sphere morphologies, have been prepared by reduction of hexachlorobenzene with metallic sodium at temperatures of 400-500°C for 6-10h. Characterized by XRD, TEM, SAED and Raman spectrum, the composition and morphology of the products are confirmed. The possible formation mechanism has also been proposed.
A Broadband UHF Tag Antenna For Near-Field and Far-Field RFID Communications (2014)

The paper deals with the design of passive broadband tag antenna for Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) band. The antenna is intended for both near and far fields Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications. The meander dipole tag antenna geometry modification is designed for frequency bandwidth increasing. The measured bandwidth of the proposed broadband Tag antenna is more than 140 MHz (820–960 MHz), which can cover the entire UHF RFID band. A comparison between chip impedance of datasheet and the measured chip impedance has been used in our simulations. The proposed progressive meandered antenna structure, with an overall size of 77 mm × 14 mm × 0.787 mm, produces strong and uniform magnetic field distribution in the near-ﬁeld zone. The antenna impedance is matched to common UHF chips in market simply by tuning its capacitive and inductive values since a perfect matching is required in the antenna design in order to enhance the near and the far field communications. Measurements confirm that the designed antenna exhibits good performance of Tag identiﬁcation for both near-ﬁeld and far-ﬁeld UHF RFID applications.
Selectivity versus reactivity: The safe, efficient metal hydride reduction of a bifunctional organic (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLab-ExptNEXTSelectivity versus reactivity: The safe, efficient metal hydride reduction of a bifunctional organicKatrina Smith , Robert Beauvais , and R. W. Holman Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 4, A94Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1993Published inissue 1 April 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ed070pA94RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views326Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interaction within clusters of dendritic cells and helper T cells during initial Th1 / Th2 commitment (2000)

Cytokines are the main agents known to regulate Th1 / Th2 commitment, where they may operate through paracrine activity within clusters of T cells gathered around dendritic cells (DC). An in vitro system is used here to test this possibility, using clusters around DC composed of naive TCR-transgenic ovalbumin peptide 323 - 339-specific CD4(+) T cells as targets plus TCR-transgenic pigeon cytochrome C peptide 88 - 104-specific CD4(+) polarized Th1 or Th2 cells as inducers. The polarized inducer cells exerted their maximum effect when the two T cell populations were activated within the same cluster, implemented by allowing a single DC to present both their epitopes. This finding thus supports the paracrine hypothesis. The system was then employed to explore the role of individual cytokines by means of inhibition by monoclonal antibodies. Development of Th2 commitment proved strictly dependent on the IL-4 produced by the Th2 inducers. For Th1 commitment, IFN-gamma and IL-12 were both needed, but with IFN-gamma required only during the initial period of culture. The rapid timing observed under these conditions places constraints on the molecular basis of commitment, and appears accurately to reflect the physiological response in vivo.
Kinetics of oxidation-reduction reactions between elements of Groups V and VII. Part I. Bismuth(V) with halide ions and other reductants (1973)

The oxidations of the ions I–, Br–, Cl–, SCN–, Tl+. and IrCl63– by bismuth(V) in perchloric acid solution all obey the rate expression –d[BiV]/dt=k[BiV], where k= 161·4 ± 8·0 s–1 at [H+]= 0·5M, I= 2·0M, and t= 25 °C. Rates of reaction are practically independent of [H+] in the range 0·5–2·0M. Measurements at four different temperatures give Ea= 7·1 ± 0·3 kJ mol–1 and ΔS‡=–187 ± 1 J K–1 mol–1. Mechanisms consistent with this data are discussed and that involving (i) as the rate-determining step is preferred. [graphic omitted] → [graphic omitted] + 2H+(i) Potentiometric titrations give E0= 2·03 ± 0·17 V for the half-cell reaction BiV+ 2e → BiIII at [H+]= 0·5M, I= 2·0M, and t= 25 °C.
Nickel(0) complexes with the hybrid bidentate ligand 1-(thioethyl)-2-(diphenylphosphino)ethane. Synthesis and catalytic properties of the related nickel hydride derivative (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNickel(0) complexes with the hybrid bidentate ligand 1-(thioethyl)-2-(diphenylphosphino)ethane. Synthesis and catalytic properties of the related nickel hydride derivativeP. Rigo, M. Bressan, and M. BasatoCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1979, 18, 3, 860–863Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50193a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50193a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views231Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
THE POTENTIAL OF HELICALLY RIBBED PIPES FOR SOLIDS TRANSPORT (1974)

Hydraulic data have been obtained for the transport of one type of uniformly graded sand in nominal 6-inch-diameter spirally ribbed ABS pipes with pitch-to-diameter ratios varying from 1.8 to 11 and also for a smooth pipe. The pitch-to-diameter ratio requiring the minimum specific energy consumption was found to be about 8 for this particular type of sand. Similarly, experiments were carried out with the same sand in a smooth 2-inch acrylic pipe and in 2-inch acrylic pipes with pitch-to-diameter ratios of 4.8, 7.8 and 11. Again the pipe with the pitch-to-diameter ratio of 7.8 was found to be the most efficient hydraulically for transportation of the sand slurry. The possible application of ribbed pipes are discussed briefly. /Author/TRRL/
Hypophosphatasia (1984)

Histochemical and direct enzyme analysis of osseous tissue from 23 patients with hypophosphatasia revealed that all clinical forms of this inherited metabolic bone disease are characterized by deficiency of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in bone. The severe infantile form has the most profound deficiency, infantile form has the most profound deficiency, yet the cellular source of this enzyme--osteoblasts and their matrix vesicles--are normal by routine light and electron microscopy. Despite radiographic changes in bone metaphyses consistent with rickets, iliac crest biopsy of one affected child revealed no abnormalities; the other had evidence of a mineralization defect, but not as severe as that in affected infants. In this child and several affected adults with osteomalacia, osteoblasts appeared flat and metabolically inactive. Although these histological changes suggested a different pathogenetic mechanism for adult and childhood hypophosphatasia, these changes are most likely secondary to the underlying osteomalacia. Our findings are most consistent with evidence that childhood and adult hypophosphatasia often represent clinical expression of the heterozygous state for ALP deficiency which, when homozygous, results in the clinically severe, recessive, infantile form. Histochemical and direct analysis of bone tissue from controls and patients with hypophosphatasia demonstrated that the severe infantile form is associated with the most severe ALP deficiency. In the milder clinical forms, ALP deficiency in bone is not as profound. In general, the severity of the clinical expression of hypophosphatasia reflects the magnitude of the deficiency of ALP in bone. This is the expected finding for this inborn error of metabolism, which illustrates the major role bone ALP activity has in the process of normal skeletal mineralization.
The hydA gene encoding the H2-evolving hydrogenase of Clostridium perfringens: molecular characterization and expression of the gene (1999)

A putative hydrogenase (hydA) gene of Clostridium perfringens encodes a protein with strong identity to Clostridium pasteurianum hydrogenase I. Disruption of the hydA gene abolished H2 productivity, confirming its function. A putative butyrate kinase gene (buk) is adjacent to the hydA gene. When cultures were grown in medium with glucose, 1.8-kb hydA and 2.1-kb buk transcripts and a 3.9-kb transcript hybridized with both hydA and buk-probe were detectable in all the exponential growth phases. In medium without glucose, these transcripts were decreased rapidly after the mid-exponential phase. These results suggest that the transcription of these two genes is probably regulated by a similar mechanism in response to glucose availability.
Development of underfilling and encapsulation for deep-ultraviolet LEDs (2014)

The currently available resins for underfilling and encapsulation are limited to wavelengths longer than approximately 330 nm because almost all resins are decomposed by deep-ultraviolet light. Fluorine resins are possible materials for underfilling and encapsulation in deep-ultraviolet LEDs, and we have investigated methods of underfilling and encapsulation using such resins. Also, their durability at wavelengths of 265 and 285 nm has been studied from the photochemical viewpoint, and we propose a stable amorphous fluorine resin that is optically isotropic. Also, a trial of encapsulation using the resin has been made.
Stapled peptides in the p53 pathway: Computer simulations reveal novel interactions of the staples with the target protein (2010)

Atomistic simulations of a set of stapled peptides derived from the transactivation domain of p53 (designed by Verdine & colleagues, JACS 2007 129:2456) and complexed to MDM2 reveal that the good binders are uniquely characterized by higher helicity and by extensive interactions between the hydrocarbon staples and the MDM2 surface; in contrast the poor binders have reduced helicity and their staples are mostly solvent exposed. Our studies also find that the best binders can also potentially inhibit MDMX with similar affinities, suggesting that such stapled peptides can be evolved for dual inhibition with therapeutic potential.
Niche Diplomacy: A Conceptual Overview (1997)

Amidst the major transformation of the global system after the Cold War, the study of international relations has maintained a predominantly top-down orientation. This apex-centred focus comes out most clearly in the important debates concerning the demise of the Soviet Union and the hegemonic role of the United States of America (USA).1 The same perspective is also evident in the preoccupation in the international relations literature with specific aspects of the post-Cold War settlement, namely German reunification, USA-Japanese and USA-European economic and strategic relations, as well as the questions of leadership in the evolution of regionalism in Europe and the Asia-Pacific.2 Given the marked capacity of the major powers to affect events and structure, this mode of analysis rests on a solid foundation. The rationale of this book, however, is that there is a need to stretch the parameters of scholarly attention away from the restrictive confines of this dominant approach. At the core of this argument is the salience of looking at alternative sources of agency in order to more fully capture the evolving complexity in global affairs. While not suggesting that structural leadership by great powers is no longer the most important source of initiative in the international order of the 1990s, the introduction of a wider lens is deemed crucial if the processes of reform and change — especially those requiring considerable cooperation and collaboration — in a variety of issue areas on the international agenda for the 1990s are to be fully understood. Such a role may be performed by appropriately qualified secondary powers in an appreciably different way than in the past. While readily acknowledging that the term 'middle powers' is problematic both in terms of conceptual clarity and operational coherence, this category of countries does appear to have some accentuated space for diplomatic manoeuvre on a segmented basis in the post-Cold War era.KeywordsForeign PolicyLiberal Democratic PartyWorld OrderUruguay RoundMajor PowerThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Functional observer and state feedback for input time-delay systems (1997)

The design of state functional observer and state feedback for systems with input time delays is addressed using the factorization approach in the frequency domain. The design needs to achieve the loop transfer recovery of direct state feedback by using the functional observer-based feedback control. A necessary and sufficient condition is given for the existence of the state functional observers for such systems. A parametrization for all observers of time-delay systems is proposed. Based on the results of the parametrization, the state functional observer and state feedback design procedure is presented. The computation can be implemented in state-space form using standard algorithms. Design examples are given to illustrate the procedure.
Dust Mite Allergy: Its Clinical Significance (1987)

Allergy to these arthropods is responsible for a goodly percentage of cases of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. There is also substantial evidence that it causes nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity, so that symptoms may be triggered by tobacco smoke, cold air, emotion, and exercise. Sensitivity to the organisms should be ruled out in all allergic patients.
Modulation of multidrug resistance gene expression in human breast cancer cells by (-)-gossypol-enriched cottonseed oil. (2007)

Using the non-radioactive cell proliferation MTS assay, none of these chemotherapeutic agents alone inhibited MCF-7/Adr cell and PCHBCEC proliferation; meanwhile, the combination of 0.1 microM Tam, ICI or Adr with 0.05% (-)-GPCSO significantly reduced MCF-7/Adr cell growth by approximately 34%, 32% and 23%, respectively, of that of the vehicle-treated cells. For PCHBCEC, the combination of 0.05% (-)-GPCSO with 0.1 microM of Tam, ICI and Adr reduced cell growth to about 94%, 90%, and 71% respectively, of the vehicle treated PCHBCEC. Furthermore, (-)-GPCSO inhibited MDR1/P-gp expression in both MCF- 7/Adr and PCHBCEC in a dose-dependent manner. Our results provide insight into the MDR-reversing potential of (-)-GPCSO in human breast cancer cells resistant to current chemotherapeutic agents.
Master Failure Detection Protocol in Internal Synchronization Environment (2012)

During the last decades, the wide advance in the networking technologies has allowed the development of distributed monitoring and control systems. These systems show advantages compared with centralized solutions: heterogeneous nodes can be easily integrated, new nodes can be easily added to the system, and no single point of failure. For these reasons, distributed systems have been adopted in different fields, such as industrial automation and telecommunication systems. Recently, due to technology improvements, distributed systems are also adopted in the control of power-grid and transport systems, i.e., the so-called large-scale complex critical infrastructures. Given the strict safety, security, reliability, and real-time requirements, using distributed systems for controlling such critical infrastructure demands that adequate mechanisms have to be established to share the same notion of time among the nodes. For this class of systems, a synchronization protocol, such as the IEEE 1588 standard, can be adopted. This type of synchronization protocol was designed to achieve very precise clock synchronization, but it may not be sufficient to ensure safety of the entire system. For example, instability of the local oscillator of a reference node, due to a failure of the node itself or to malicious attacks, could influence the quality of synchronization of all nodes. In recent years, a new software clock, the reliable and self-aware clock (R&SAClock), which is designed to estimate the quality of synchronization through statistical analysis, was developed and tested. This statistical instrument can be used to identify any anomalous conditions with respect to normal behavior. A careful analysis and classification of the main points of failure of IEEE 1588 standard suggests that the reference node, which is called master, is the weak point of the system. For this reason, this paper deals with the detection of faults of the reference node(s) of an of IEEE 1588 setup. This paper describes and evaluates the design of a protocol for timing failure detection for internal synchronization based on a revised version of the R&SAClock software suitably modified to cross-exploit the information on the quality of synchronization among all the nodes of the system. The experimental evaluation of this approach confirms the capability of the synchronization uncertainty, which is provided by R&SAClock, to reveal the anomalous behaviors either of the local node or of the reference node. In fact, it is shown that, through a proper configuration of the parameters of the protocol, the system is able to detect all the failures injected on the master in different experimental conditions and to correctly identify failures on slaves with a probability of 87%.
An Overview of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Life Cycles (2000)

This report presents the findings from a study of the life cycle inventories for petroleum diesel and biodiesel. It presents information on raw materials extracted from the environment, energy resources consumed, and air, water, and solid waste emissions generated.
Treatment of recurrent gliomas and metastatic brain tumors with a polydrug protocol designed to combat nitrosourea resistance. (1992)

TDPC-FUHU chemotherapy is a highly effective form of chemotherapy for both recurrent GM and AG patients. This study suggests but does not prove that this combination may be superior to other NU-based treatments for recurrent malignant glioma patients who fail RT. Because of the activity of this chemotherapy, we intend to evaluate more fully this approach in a randomized study.
Particular Object Retrieval With Integral Max-Pooling of CNN Activations (2016)

International audience
PCR/LDR/capillary electrophoresis for detection of single‐nucleotide differences between fetal and maternal DNA in maternal plasma (2009)

PCR/LDR/capillary electrophoresis has very high sensitivity to distinguish low abundance single nucleotide differences and can discriminate point mutations and single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of paternally inherited fetal DNA in maternal plasma.
Pore-space correlations in capillary condensation in Vycor (1993)

We use ultrasonic attenuation and light scattering to study spatial correlations in the pores of Vycor on filling and draining with hexane. On filling, the hexane initially adsorbs uniformly, but when capillary condensation occurs, vapor microbubbles are formed and persist until the sample is completely full. However, no long-range correlations of the bubbles are observed. By contrast, on drainage, the empty pores exhibit long-range correlations with a fractal dimension of 2.6. This results from the pore connectivity, suggesting that this behavior can be modeled by invasion percolation.