gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Vidarabine treatment of chronic active hepatitis associated with hepatitis B virus multiplication. A randomized multicenter study]. (1987)

A randomized controlled study of one course of vidarabin was carried out in 30 patients with HBs Ag, HBe Ag, DNAp, positive chronic active hepatitis: 15 patients were treated with vidarabin given intravenously (15 mg/kg/day for 7 days then 7.5 mg/kg/day for 14 days); the other 15 patients received a placebo for 21 days. During treatment, DNA polymerase activity fell dramatically in 13 treated patients and in no controls (p less than 0.001). Six months after inclusion, ALT normalization was observed in 40 p. 100 of the treated patients and 6 p. 100 of the controls (p less than 0.05), a decrease in inflammatory activity on liver biopsies was observed in 70 p. 100 of the treated patients and 20 p. 100 of the controls (p less than 0.05), a permanent lost of DNA polymerase and of HBe Ag occurred in 33 p. 100 and 13 p. 100 of the treated patients and 20 p. 100 and 7 p. 100 of the controls, respectively. In addition, a second course of vidarabin was administered to the 12 patients who were still HBe Ag positive 6 months after the first course. During the next 6 months, 8 patients lost DNA polymerase and 4 lost HBe Ag. Altogether, the final score of durable inhibition of HBV replication was 11/15 (73 p. 100) within one year. The above results demonstrate that one course of vidarabin can significantly improve ALT and liver inflammatory activity but the effect upon HBV replication is only transient. A second course does however increase efficacy on HBV replication without additional side effects.
Distributed Join Processing Between Streaming and Stored Big Data Under the Micro-Batch Model (2019)

In order to interpret, enrich, and analyze the streaming data, stream applications often access the data stored in an external database. Although there has been a lot of studies on stream processing, little attention has been paid so far to the join between streaming data and stored data. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive solution called DS-join for distributed processing of the join under the micro-batch model of recently distributed stream processing engines (SPEs), such as spark streaming. The micro-batch model performs stream processing as a series of very small batch jobs and is more fault-tolerant in a distributed environment compared with the record-at-a-time model. The DS-join reduces the number of database accesses by using micro-batching. Furthermore, the DS-join optimizes the join operation by minimizing the data shuffling, managing a cache in a distributed SPE, parallelizing the join processing, and balancing the load between the SPE and the external database system. The experimental results using real and synthetic datasets show that, compared with the state-of-the-art methods, the DS-join significantly improves throughput, especially for large databases.
Paleoclimatic Inferences from a 120,000-Yr Calcite Record of Water-Table Fluctuation in Browns Room of Devils Hole, Nevada (1994)

Abstract The petrographic and morphologic differences between calcite precipitated below, at, or above the present water table and uranium-series dating were used to reconstruct a chronology of water-table fluctuation for the past 120,000 yr in Browns Room, a subterranean air-filled chamber of Devils Hole fissure adjacent to the discharge area of the large Ash Meadows groundwater flow system in southern Nevada. The water table was more than 5 m above present level between about 116,000 and 53,000 yr ago, fluctuated between about +5 and +9 m during the period between about 44,000 and 20,000 yr ago, and declined rapidly from +9 to its present level during the past 20,000 yr. Because the Ash Meadows groundwater basin is greater than 12,000 km 2 in extent, these documented water-table fluctuations are likely to be of regional significance. Although different in detail, water-level fluctuation recorded by Browns Room calcites generally correlate with other Great Basin proxy palcoclimatic data.
Living and Working During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020)

From the Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and Departments of Epidemiology and Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, GA. The author reports no conflict of interest. Correspondence: Carlos del Rio, MD, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Dr. S.E., FOB Room 201, Atlanta, GA 30303. E-mail: [email protected].
[Principles of functional magnetic resonance tomography]. (1995)

The basic principles of brain activation studies by MRI and functional spectroscopy are presented. The paper introduces the underlying mechanisms, followed by a discussion of the possibilities and limitations of current and new measuring techniques. Functional MRI has already proven to be a useful tool in neurocognitive research. Initial clinical applications have especially been demonstrated in neurosurgical operation planning.
Versatile mobile communications simulation: the Vienna 5G Link Level Simulator (2018)

Research and development of mobile communications systems require a detailed analysis and evaluation of novel technologies to further enhance spectral efficiency, connectivity and reliability. Due to the exponentially increasing demand of mobile broadband data rates and challenging requirements for latency and reliability, mobile communications specifications become increasingly complex. For this reason, analytic analysis as well as measurement-based investigations of link-level methods soon encounter feasibility limitations. Therefore, computer-aided numeric simulation is an important tool for investigation of wireless communications standards and is indispensable for analysis and development of future technologies. In this contribution, we introduce the Vienna 5G Link Level Simulator, a MATLAB-based link-level simulation tool that facilitates research and development in mobile communications. Our simulator enables standard compliant setups according to 4G LTE, 5G NR and even beyond, making it a very flexible simulation tool. Offered under an academic use license free of charge to fellow researchers, it considerably enhances reproducibility in wireless communications research.
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of CdTe for High-Efficiency Thin-Film PV Devices; Annual Report, 26 January 1998-25 January 1999 (1999)

ITN's 3-year project, titled ''Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (APCVD) of CdTe for High-Efficiency Thin-Film Photovoltaic (PV) Devices,'' has the overall objectives of improving thin-film CdTe PV manufacturing technology and increasing CdTe PV device power conversion efficiency. CdTe deposition by APCVD employs the same reaction chemistry as has been used to deposit 16%-efficient CdTe PV films, i.e., close-spaced sublimation, but employs forced convection rather than diffusion as a mechanism of mass transport. Tasks of the APCVD program center on demonstrating APCVD of CdTe films, discovering fundamental mass-transport parameters, applying established engineering principles to the deposition of CdTe films, and verifying reactor design principles that could be used to design high-throughput, high-yield manufacturing equipment. Additional tasks relate to improved device measurement and characterization procedures that can lead to a more fundamental understanding of CdTe PV device operation, and ultimately, to higher device conversion efficiency and greater stability. Specifically, under the APCVD program, device analysis goes beyond conventional one-dimensional device characterization and analysis toward two-dimension measurements and modeling. Accomplishments of the first year of the APCVD subcontract include: selection of the Stagnant Flow Reactor design concept for the APCVD reactor, development of a detailed reactor design, performance of detailed numerical calculations simulating reactor performance, fabrication and installation of an APCVD reactor, performance of dry runs to verify reactor performance, performance of one-dimensional modeling of CdTe PV device performance, and development of a detailed plan for quantification of grain-boundary effects in polycrystalline CdTe devices.
Towards a virtualized data center transport protocol (2008)

This paper proposes a new transport protocol designed for large virtualized data centers of the future. The underlying premise of this work is that it is possible to achieve significant added functionality with a new transport layer w/o materially affecting the underlying IP and MAC layers. The paper motivates the need for such a protocol, discusses the required features and shows how they can be implemented by starting with an existing and popular transport, namely SCTP.
Dipyridamole-induced capillary endothelial cell proliferation in the rat heart--a morphometric investigation (1983)

20 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two equal groups. Each experimental rat was injected with 4 mg . kg-1 dipyridamole ip twice daily for 4 weeks, the control rats received sham injections of an equal volume of saline. The rats were fixed by retrograde vascular perfusion. Left ventricular papillary muscles were sampled for light and electron microscopic morphometry. By means of a combination of serial section reconstruction and morphometry we could demonstrate that the number of capillary endothelial cell nuclei per tissue volume had increased by 37% (P less than 0.01), whereas the average nuclear volume remained constant. All other morphometric parameters (volume densities of myocardial cells, capillaries, cellular and non-cellular interstitial tissue, and myocardial cell nuclei; surface area, diameter, and density of capillaries; volume densities of myofibrils, mitochondria, and sarcoplasmic matrix; surface areas of the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes; dimensions of average mitochondrial section profiles) were unchanged. We conclude that chronic dipyridamole application induces proliferation of capillary endothelial cells in the rat myocardium, possibly by an increase of myocardial blood flow.
Cloning and tissue-specific expression of five voltage-gated potassium channel cDNAs expressed in rat heart. (1991)

Five distinct K+ channel cDNA molecules (RK1 to RK5) were cloned from either rat heart or rat aorta cDNA libraries. Four of the channels, RK1 to RK4, are similar or identical to Shaker-like K+ channels previously identified in rat brain cDNA libraries. Major differences among RK1 to RK4 exist in the amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions and in amino acids representing potential extracellular sequence between the S1 and S2 hydrophobic domains. RK5 encodes a unique channel of 490 amino acids having six hydrophobic domains but only five basic residues in the putative voltage-sensing domain. Unlike RK1 to RK4, RK5 is a rat homologue of the Drosophila Shal family of K+ channels, which have not been previously described in mammals. Although RK5 mRNA is present in cardiac atrium and ventricle, it is most abundant in brain. RK1, RK2, and RK3 transcripts are predominantly found in brain but are present also at lower levels in other tissues, such as heart and aorta. RK2 is absent from skeletal muscle whereas RK1 and RK3 are present in this tissue. RK4 mRNA is ubiquitous in electrically excitable tissue, being present at comparable levels in atrium, ventricle, aorta, brain, and skeletal muscle. The cloning of RK5 confirms the presence in mammals of all four Drosophila K+ channel families: Shaker, Shab, Shaw, and Shal.
Surviving Insecure IT: Effective Patch Management (2009)

The amount of time to protect enterprise systems against potential vulnerability continues to shrink. Enterprises need an effective patch management mechanism to survive the insecure IT environment. Effective patch management is a systematic and repeatable patch distribution process which includes establishing timely and practical alerts, receiving notification of patches or discovering them, downloading patches and documentation, assessing and prioritizing vulnerabilities, performing testing, deploying patches, and auditing.
A new radiofrequency titrimeter (1970)

A radiofrequency titrimeter operating on the beat-frequency principle has been designed and constructed. The meter is of the pulse-counter type and is supplemented in its rôle of beat-frequency detector by two other facilities: an audio amplifier with loudspeaker and a miniature cathode-ray indicator. These devices assist the operator in adjustment of beat frequency and act as a check on stability when preparing to commence a titration.The operational frequency is variable and has a span of 0·5 to 30 MHz, covered continuously in six overlapping ranges. Beat frequencies up to 1 MHz can be measured on nine sensitivity scales, the lowest of which measures 100 Hz.Design includes provision for the implementation of automatic recording.Examples are given of the use of the instrument as a monitor for acid-base, precipitation and complexometric titrations.
IONIC LIQUID ELECTROFLUIDIC PRESSURE SENSORS WITH EMBEDDED ANALOG AND DIGITAL CIRCUITRY FUNCTIONS (2011)

This paper reports a novel method to integrate pressure sensors with analog and digital circuitry functions into microfluidic systems based on ionic liquid (IL) electrofluidic circuits. The developed pressure sensors possess electrical readout and can be seamlessly embedded into the microfluidic systems. The entire device is fabricated using an elastomeric material, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and the electrofluidic circuits are achieved by IL filled fluidic networks. The analog functions are constructed based on Wheatstone bridge circuits with output of the additive or subtractive results of the pressurized variable resistors. The digital functions are built using the electrofluidic circuits with on-off logic gates, of which the states are regulated by the applied pressures. The experimental results demonstrate the designed functions are successfully achieved, making it possible to develop an integrated microfluidic system with capabilities of precise pressure monitoring and further feedback control.
After Five Years... Welcome to the Wholly African AJRH / Après Cinq Ans... Bienvenu à la RASR à Cent pourcent Africaine (2002)

Rachel Snow, After Five Years... Welcome to the Wholly African AJRH / Après Cinq Ans... Bienvenu à la RASR à Cent pourcent Africaine, African Journal of Reproductive Health / La Revue Africaine de la Santé Reproductive, Vol. 6, No. 1 (Apr., 2002), pp. 7-10
Long span repeaterless transmission using adiabatic solitons (1999)

We demonstrate transmission of 10 Gb/s data over 296 km without inline amplification using adiabatically propagating optical solitons as the data carrier. Adiabatic soliton propagation suppresses the deleterious effects of self-phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering, allowing higher optical powers at the transmitter. The system power budget is also enhanced by the narrowing of the optical bandwidth under adiabatic propagation, allowing improved receiver sensitivity. We show that the technique may ultimately enable repeaterless spans in excess of 500 km.
Cytokine-activated human endothelial cells synthesize and secrete a monocyte chemoattractant, MCP-1/JE. (1990)

We have demonstrated inducible expression of the mRNA encoding the monocyte chemoattractant MCP-1, the human homolog of the JE gene, in endothelial cells within 3 hours of treatment with IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor. IFN-gamma also induced expression of this mRNA after 24 hours, but to a lesser extent. MCP-1/JE protein steadily accumulated in the medium of endothelial cells during a 48-hour exposure to IL-1 beta. Medium conditioned by IL-1 beta-treated endothelial cells contained monocyte chemoattractant activity that was immunoadsorbed by anti-MCP-1 antibodies. These results suggest that endothelial cells secrete a monocyte chemoattractant, MCP-1/JE, in response to inflammatory mediators, and thus may contribute to the accumulation of monocytes at sites of inflammation.
Sequencer virtualization (2007)

The Multiple Instruction Stream Processor (MISP) architecture introduces the sequencer as a new class of architectural resource, and provides a minimalist user-level MIMD instruction set extension for application programs to directly control execution of concurrent instruction streams on these sequencers. As with classic architectural resources, namely, registers and memory, the sequencer architectural resource can be subject to virtualization. This paper details the idea of Sequencer Virtualization (SV), a foundational architectural support to decouple architectural virtual sequencers from physical sequencers. SV enables more efficient utilization of sequencer resources at the microarchitectural level while maintaining a consistent programming interface at the architectural level. To evaluate the key tradeoffs for SV, we conduct extensive experiments by implementing a prototype SV system using a custom firmware on a large-scale multiprocessor system. Using the prototype SV system, we demonstrate that SV improves efficiency in sequencer utilization while incurring little performance overhead. In particular, for a set of real multithreaded workloads, SV can significantly improve sequencer utilization, achieving an average of 32% better wall-clock performance than MISP without SV support in a multi-programming environment.
Learning Tensors in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces with Multilinear Spectral Penalties (2013)

We present a general framework to learn functions in tensor product reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (TP-RKHSs). The methodology is based on a novel representer theorem suitable for existing as well as new spectral penalties for tensors. When the functions in the TP-RKHS are defined on the Cartesian product of finite discrete sets, in particular, our main problem formulation admits as a special case existing tensor completion problems. Other special cases include transfer learning with multimodal side information and multilinear multitask learning. For the latter case, our kernel-based view is instrumental to derive nonlinear extensions of existing model classes. We give a novel algorithm and show in experiments the usefulness of the proposed extensions.
Steroidogenesis in interstitial cells and microsomal fraction of immature pig testes (1991)

Testicular interstitial cells (greater than 90% viable) obtained from 6-day-old and 3-6-week-old piglets were capable of producing dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 5-10 ng/500,000 cells) and responded to hCG (60 mi.u./ml), dibutyryl-cAMP (1 mmol/l) and cholera toxin (5 ng/ml) with a 2-3-fold increase in DHEA. Aminoglutethimide (100 mumol/l) abolished the response. Testosterone was produced in comparatively minor quantities (less than 0.3 ng/500,000 cells) and was unaffected by stimulation or inhibition. When cells from both age groups were incubated with [14C]- or [3H]-pregnenolone (360 and 3.0 nmol/l), 17-hydroxypregnenolone (15%) and DHEA (5-10%) were the major metabolites on the androgen pathway and 5,16-androstadien-3 beta-ol (andien-beta, 5-10%) and 4,16-androstadien-3-one (dienone, 5-10%) on the 16-androstene pathway. Stimulation and inhibition of endogenous steroidogenesis did not alter the metabolism of exogenous pregnenolone, the same metabolites being found in the same proportions at similar times. Microsomal enzyme activities accurately reflected the metabolic profile of pregnenolone metabolism seen in intact cells, with low activities for 17 beta-HSD, 3 beta-HSD-isomerase, and 16-ene-5 alpha-reductase being observed. Since steroidogenic capacity, enzyme complement and pregnenolone metabolism were the same in testes from both age groups, the differences in Leydig cell activity observed in vivo would not appear to be consequences of changes in steroidogenic enzymes or responsiveness to gonadotrophin stimulation. The lack of effect of stimulation and inhibition of steroidogenesis on the cellular metabolism of exogenous pregnenolone suggests that the endogenous and exogenous supplies of pregnenolone are metabolized by different populations of enzymes. The relative magnitudes of these populations indicate that most of the steroidogenic enzymes in the interstitial cells are not involved in the normal response to trophic stimulation.
Creating High-Resolution Multiscale Maps of Human Tissue Using Multi-beam SEM (2016)

Multi-beam scanning electron microscopy (mSEM) enables high-throughput, nano-resolution imaging of macroscopic tissue samples, providing an unprecedented means for structure-function characterization of biological tissues and their cellular inhabitants, seamlessly across multiple length scales. Here we describe computational methods to reconstruct and navigate a multitude of high-resolution mSEM images of the human hip. We calculated cross-correlation shift vectors between overlapping images and used a mass-spring-damper model for optimal global registration. We utilized the Google Maps API to create an interactive map and provide open access to our reconstructed mSEM datasets to both the public and scientific communities via our website www.mechbio.org. The nano- to macro-scale map reveals the tissue's biological and material constituents. Living inhabitants of the hip bone (e.g. osteocytes) are visible in their local extracellular matrix milieu (comprising collagen and mineral) and embedded in bone's structural tissue architecture, i.e. the osteonal structures in which layers of mineralized tissue are organized in lamellae around a central blood vessel. Multi-beam SEM and our presented methodology enable an unprecedented, comprehensive understanding of health and disease from the molecular to organ length scale.
Improvement of high speed 4-WS vehicle handling performance by sliding mode control (2005)

This paper presents a new sliding mode control of four wheel steering of an automobile for handling improvement. The sliding mode four wheel steering (SM4WS) not only improves the directional stability and controllability but also provides good disturbance rejection for unexpected side wind. The SM4WS makes vehicle response faster than conventional 2WS without suspension and tire modification. The linear three-degree-of freedom vehicle handling model is used to investigate the vehicle handling performance. In simulation of the J-turn, the yaw rate overshoot reduction of a typical mid-size car improved by 40% compared to a 2WS case. Although the lateral deviation of SM4WS is almost the same as that of 2WS the yaw rate reduction was approximately 20% to that of 2WS system. The simulation of the J-turn maneuver shows that the proposed scheme gives faster yaw rate response and smaller side slip angle than the 2WS case. When the rear tire pressure is lower than normal condition, the car becomes less understeer and is worse in directional controllability. But, SM4WS is insensitive to such parameter variations because of the robustness properties of the sliding mode control.