gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal Design of a Center Support Quadruple Mass Gyroscope (CSQMG) (2016)

This paper reports a more complete description of the design process of the Center Support Quadruple Mass Gyroscope (CSQMG), a gyro expected to provide breakthrough performance for flat structures. The operation of the CSQMG is based on four lumped masses in a circumferential symmetric distribution, oscillating in anti-phase motion, and providing differential signal extraction. With its 4-fold symmetrical axes pattern, the CSQMG achieves a similar operation mode to Hemispherical Resonant Gyroscopes (HRGs). Compared to the conventional flat design, four Y-shaped coupling beams are used in this new pattern in order to adjust mode distribution and enhance the synchronization mechanism of operation modes. For the purpose of obtaining the optimal design of the CSQMG, a kind of applicative optimization flow is developed with a comprehensive derivation of the operation mode coordination, the pseudo mode inhibition, and the lumped mass twisting motion elimination. The experimental characterization of the CSQMG was performed at room temperature, and the center operation frequency is 6.8 kHz after tuning. Experiments show an Allan variance stability 0.12°/h (@100 s) and a white noise level about 0.72°/h/√Hz, which means that the CSQMG possesses great potential to achieve navigation grade performance.
Spatially Scalable Video Coding Based on Hybrid Epitomic Resizing (2010)

Scalable video coding (SVC) is considered as a potentially promising solution to enable the adaptability of video to heterogonous networks and various devices. In spatially scalable video encoder, how to resize the captured high-resolution video to get low-resolution video has great effect on the quality of experience (QoE) in the clients receiving low-resolution video. In this paper, we propose a new resizing algorithm called hybrid epitomic resizing (HER), which can make the resized image preserve the same ‘physical’ resolution with original image by the way of utilizing texture similarity inside image and highlight regions of interest while avoiding potential artifacts. For hybrid epitomic resizing, we also design two new inter-layer prediction methods to eliminate the redundancy between adjacent spatial layers instead of conventional inter-layer prediction. Experimental results show that HER can get resized images with perceptually much better quality and the performance of new inter-layer prediction are comparable to that of conventional inter-layer prediction in H.264 SVC.
Supramolecular Nanocarrier of siRNA from PEG-Based Block Catiomer Carrying Diamine Side Chain with Distinctive p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> Directed To Enhance Intracellular Gene Silencing (2004)

An siRNA nanocarrier formed through self-assembly of PEG-based block catiomer possessing two distinct amino groups with different pKa values in a side chain was developed. This design provided the carrier with a sufficient siRNA complexation and an assumed buffering capacity in the endosomes, allowing it to exhibit remarkable gene knockdown abilities as well as sufficient serum tolerability.
Standards for the Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (1989)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The Radio Data System (RDS) consists of a silent data channel already being broadcast by most VHF-FM radio stations in the United Kingdom. One of the additional features currently being developed for RDS is the Traffic Message Channel (TMC). This will provide motorists with a constant stream of traffic information, either displayed on an in-vehicle receiver or by speech synthesis. Significant work has already been carried out on messages to be broadcast, location codes and message management issues for RDS-TMC, which is reported in this paper. Through the European DRIVE Road Transport Informatics project called RDS-ALERT (Advice and Problem Location for European Road Traffic), this work is now continuing toward standards for RDS-TMC throughout Europe.</div>
A Comparison of Software Architectures for E-business Applications (2002)

As dynamic content has become more prevalent on the Web, a number of standard mechanisms have evolved to generate such dynamic content. We study three specific mechanisms in common use: PHP, Java servlets, and Enterprise Java Beans (EJB). PHP and Java servlets require a direct encoding of the database queries in the application logic. EJB provides a level of indirection, allowing the application logic to call bean methods that then perform database queries. Unlike PHP, which typically executes on the same machine as the Web server, Java servlets and EJB allow the application logic to execute on different machines, including the machine on which the database executes or a completely separate (set of) machine(s). We present a comparison of the performance of these three systems in different configurations for two application benchmarks: an auction site and an online bookstore. We choose these two applications because they impose vastly different loads on the sub-systems: the auction site stresses the Web server front-end while the online bookstore stresses the database. We use opensource software in common use in all of our experiments (the Apache Web server, Tomcat servlet server, Jonas EJB server, and MySQL relational database). The computational demands of Java servlets are modestly higher than those of PHP. The ability, however, of locating the servlets on a machine different from the Web server results in better performance for Java servlets than for PHP in the case that the application imposes a significant load on the front-end Web server. The computational demands of EJB are much higher than those of PHP and Java servlets. As with Java servlets, we can alleviate EJB’s performance problems by putting them on a separate machine, but the resulting overall performance remains inferior to that of the other two systems. 1.
Transdermal Drug Delivery Aided by an Ultrasound Contrast Agent: An In Vitro Experimental Study (2010)

Sonophoresis temporarily increases skin permeability such that medicine can be delivered transdermally. Cavitation is believed to be the predominant mechanism in sonophoresis. In this study, an ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) strategy was adopted instead of low frequency ultrasound to assure that cavitation occurred, and the efficacy of sonophoresis with UCA was quantitatively analyzed by optical measurements. The target drug used in this study was 0.1 % Definity(R) in 70% glycerol, which was delivered into porcine skin samples. Glycerol was used because it is an optical clearing agent, and the efficiency of glycerol delivery could be analyzed with optical measurements. The applied acoustic pressure was approximately 600 kPa at 1 MHz ultrasound with a 10% duty cycle for 60 minutes. Experimental results indicated that the measured relative contrast (RC) after sonophoresis with UCA was approximately 80% higher than RC after sonophoresis without UCA. In addition, the variance of RC was also reduced by more than 50% with the addition of a UCA. The use of a UCA appeared to increase cavitation, demonstrating that the use of a UCA can be effective in transdermal drug delivery (TDD).
1200 V-Class 4H-SiC RESURF MOSFETs with Low On-Resistances (2005)

H-SiC{0001} RESURF MOSFETs with a two-zone structure have been simulated and fabricated. The dose dependencies of experimental breakdown voltage show good agreement with simulation. Through the optimization of implant dose, high-temperature (1700 o C) annealing after ion implantation, and reduction of channel length, a high breakdown voltage of 1330 V and a low on-resistance of 69 m: cm 2 have been obtained. The 4H-SiC(000-1) face is promising for MOS-based devices owing to superior quality of MOS interface, and a performance of 1260 V - 62 m: cm 2 has been achieved. The figure-of-merit (VB 2 /Ron) of the present devices reaches 26 MW/cm 2 , being the best performance among lateral SiC MOSFETs reported.
Influence of a single application of subgingival chlorhexidine gel or tetracycline paste on the clinical parameters of adult periodontitis patients (1994)

The clinical effects of subgingivally placed 1% chlorhexidine gel (w/w) and 40% tetracycline (w/w) paste in periodontal pockets of 22 adult periodontitis patients were studied. The 2 agents were applied following scaling and root planing in pockets exceeding 4 mm. The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: (a) scaling and root planing (SCRP) only, the control group; (b) corsodyl gel+SCRP; (c) Tetracycline paste+SCRP. Gel or paste were gently applied using a syringe with a blunt needle until the selected pocket was overfilled. Evaluations were made of clinical parameters including the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding index (GI-S), probing pocket depths, probing attachment levels and position of the gingival margin. The results suggested that all the treatment modalities were effective in producing statistically significant improvements in clinical parameters. It was concluded that the conventional treatment modalities were essential in the treatment of periodontal diseases, but in view of the structure of the periodontal pocket and adjacent complex root surface, subgingival drug application in certain cases, might also provide adjunctive improvement.
Numerical simulation of high-speed cavitating flows in submerged water jet (2013)

Properties of existing cavitation models are discussed and a compressible mixture flow method based a simplified estimation of bubble cavitation is then presented for numerical simulation of high-speed water jets accompanied by intensive cavitation. Two-phase fluid media of cavitating flow are treated as a mixture of liquid and bubbles, and the mean flow is computed by solving RANS equations for compressible fluids considering the effect of bubble expansion a/o contraction. The intensity of cavitation is evaluated by the gas volume fraction, which is governed by the compressibility of bubble-liquid mixture corresponding to the status of mean flow field. Numerical results of cavitating water jet issuing from a submerged nozzle are presented and its applicability to intensively cavitating jets is demonstrated.
Suggestions for Use of Behavioral Measures in Treating Bruxism (1986)

Nonfunctional grinding and gnashing of teeth during sleep is a behavior known as nocturnal bruxism, which affects a significant number of persons. It may lead to serious dental problems. Current practices by dentists and psychologists involve EMG monitoring of masseter muscle tension and contingent arousal for bruxing. Here assumed efficacy of arousal combined with overcorrection procedures rather than use of arousal alone guides treatment. Intermittent contingency schedules have been effective in long-term maintenance and generalization of behaviors.
Mimicking Protein−Protein Electron Transfer:  Voltammetry of<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>Azurin and the<i>Thermus thermophilus</i>Cu<sub>A</sub>Domain at ω-Derivatized Self-Assembled-Monolayer Gold Electrodes (2004)

Well-defined voltammetric responses of redox proteins with acidic-to-neutral pI values have been obtained on pure alkanethiol as well as on mixed self-assembled-monolayer (SAM) omega-derivatized alkanethiol/gold bead electrodes. Both azurin (P. aeruginosa) (pI = 5.6) and subunit II (Cu(A) domain) of ba(3)-type cytochrome c oxidase (T. thermophilus) (pI = 6.0) exhibit optimal voltammetric responses on 1:1 mixtures of [H(3)C(CH(2))(n)()SH + HO(CH(2))(n)()SH] SAMs. The electron transfer (ET) rate vs distance behavior of azurin and Cu(A) is independent of the omega-derivatized alkanethiol SAM headgroups. Strikingly, only wild-type azurin and mutants containing Trp48 give voltammetric responses: based on modeling, we suggest that electronic coupling with the SAM headgroup (H(3)C- and/or HO-) occurs at the Asn47 side chain carbonyl oxygen and that an Asn47-Cys112 hydrogen bond promotes intramolecular ET to the copper. Inspection of models also indicates that the Cu(A) domain of ba(3)-type cytochrome c oxidase is coupled to the SAM headgroup (H(3)C- and/or HO-) near the main chain carbonyl oxygen of Cys153 and that Phe88 (analogous to Trp143 in subunit II of cytochrome c oxidase from R. sphaeroides) is not involved in the dominant tunneling pathway. Our work suggests that hydrogen bonds from hydroxyl or other proton-donor groups to carbonyl oxygens potentially can facilitate intermolecular ET between physiological redox partners.
Spatial Orientation Skill and Mathematical Problem Solving (1990)

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of spatial orientation skill in the solution of mathematics problems. Fifty-seven tenth-grade students who scored high or low on a spatial orientation test were asked to solve mathematics problems in individual interviews. A group of specific behaviors was identified in geometric settings, which appeared to be manifestations of spatial orientation skill. Spatial orientation skill also appeared to be involved in understanding the problem and linking new problems to previous work in nongeometric settings.
Background Modelling in Infrared and Visible Spectrum Video for People Tracking (2006)

In this paper, we present our approach to robust background modelling which combines visible and thermal infrared spectrum data. Our work is based on the non-parametric background model describe in 1. We use a pedestrian detection module to prevent erroneous data from becoming part of the background model and this allows us to initialise our bacjground model, even in the presence of foreground objects. Visible and infrared features are use to remove incorrectly detected foreground regions. Allowing our model to quickly recover from ghost regions and rapid lighting changes. An object-based shadow detector also improves our algorithm's performance.
High power/High bandwidth GaN MMICs andhybrid amplifiers: design and characterization (2005)

Broadband microstrip and coplanar MMIC amplifiers featuring beyond 10W for X-band radar applications are realized in a AlGaN/GaN HEMT technology on 2" s.i. SiC substrate. Single-stage and dualstage demonstrators with flat gain from 1 GHz to 2.7 GHz and up to 40 W peak power in hybrid microstrip technology for basestation applications are presented. The performance illustrates the potential of this technology with very high bandwidth and superior power density in comparison to GaAs.
Electrically suppressed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals for modern displays (2015)

Abstract In this article, we disclose electrically suppressed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal (ESHFLC) that is characterized by high optical quality and fast response time at the cost of extremely small driving voltage. These unique features of the ESHFLCs are highly sensitive to the anchoring energy that should be smaller and comparable to the elastic energy of the ferroelectric liquid crystal helix. The photo alignment, which offers good control on the anchoring energy by means of the irradiation energy, is critically important to lock the optimum parameters of the ESHFLC display cell. An example of field sequential color display with the frame frequency of 240 Hz at the driving voltage of 2 V has been demonstrated.
Deformation Lamps (2016)

Light projection is a powerful technique that can be used to edit the appearance of objects in the real world. Based on pixel-wise modification of light transport, previous techniques have successfully modified static surface properties such as surface color, dynamic range, gloss, and shading. Here, we propose an alternative light projection technique that adds a variety of illusory yet realistic distortions to a wide range of static 2D and 3D projection targets. The key idea of our technique, referred to as (Deformation Lamps), is to project only dynamic luminance information, which effectively activates the motion (and shape) processing in the visual system while preserving the color and texture of the original object. Although the projected dynamic luminance information is spatially inconsistent with the color and texture of the target object, the observer's brain automatically combines these sensory signals in such a way as to correct the inconsistency across visual attributes. We conducted a psychophysical experiment to investigate the characteristics of the inconsistency correction and found that the correction was critically dependent on the retinal magnitude of the inconsistency. Another experiment showed that the perceived magnitude of image deformation produced by our techniques was underestimated. The results ruled out the possibility that the effect obtained by our technique stemmed simply from the physical change in an object's appearance by light projection. Finally, we discuss how our techniques can make the observers perceive a vivid and natural movement, deformation, or oscillation of a variety of static objects, including drawn pictures, printed photographs, sculptures with 3D shading, and objects with natural textures including human bodies.
Providing Web Services over DVB-H: Mobile Virtual Web Services (2007)

In this paper we introduce our experiences in accessing Web services (WSs) from DVB-H terminals. Because of the reduced capabilities of the mobile devices, clients residing in these terminals should be as simple as possible. So, we propose to move their complexity to the service provider by defining virtual WSs. A virtual WS groups one or more WSs sharing a conceptual functionality, although they could be implemented in different locations and with different characteristics. Because of the WSs virtualization, the provider makes the mobile client independent of these implementation details as well as of their availability. Virtualization also gives the possibility of defining QoS-aware services as well as caching-based systems to process the responses of clients more efficiently. Finally, we propose how to broadcast the simple clients and the information needed to access the virtual WS by using the technology provided by the DVB-H network.
Sub-10 nm strontium titanate nanocubes highly dispersed in non-polar organic solvents (2010)

Strontium titanate (SrTiO(3)) nanoparticles with well defined cubic shape and sub-10 nm size that are highly dispersible in non-polar organic solvents were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal (HT) processing. Water-soluble titanium complexes and strontium hydroxide were employed as precursors. When the HT process was carried out without oleic acid, the SrTiO(3) particles obtained were relatively large and aggregated. However, SrTiO(3) nanocubes that are highly dispersible in hexane were obtained via the HT process using oleic acid and hydrazine.
Platelet function testing in clinical diagnostics (2010)

Although the utility of platelet function testing is still under debate, the necessity to inhibit platelets in patients suffering from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is undoubted and well proven. The wide variety of available platelet function tests often using different methodologies, the apparent lack of standardization, and finally the emerging evidence on the clinical value of platelet function testing are resulting in a considerable uncertainty in the clinical practice, how to deal with the issue of platelet function testing. Platelet function testing might not only yield clinical benefits for the patients but also economical advantages by identifying the right drug at the right dose for the right patient. This article intends to provide an overview of the current platelet function tests such as light transmittance aggregometry, whole blood impedance aggregometry, the PFA-1001 system, the VerifyNow2 system, flow cytometry, as well as other promising technologies like Plateletworks3, IMPACT-R4, PADA, thromboelastography, and the mean platelet component (MPC), briefly addressing strengths, weaknesses and clinical utility of these tests.
Charge trapping and detrapping characteristics in amorphous InGaZnO TFTs under static and dynamic stresses (2008)

We have investigated the static and dynamic bias stress-induced charge trapping and detrapping phenomenon in amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide thin film transistors. It is observed that the charges trapped after electron injection in the interface and bulk traps are unstable and slowly decay over time. The stretched-exponential equation, which can be derived based on the trapping/detrapping of charges to/from existing traps and continuous redistribution of charges in bulk dielectrics, is successfully applied in fitting the time dependence of the threshold voltage shift during the stress and recovery phases under dynamic stresses. The characteristic time constants decrease with increasing temperature and drain bias during the recovery phase. Under dynamic stresses with various frequencies, the threshold voltage shift strongly depends on the frequency of dynamic stresses, i.e., a high frequency stress results in a small threshold voltage shift and a long lifetime. The stress-induced threshold shift phenomenon is observed to be relieved after a long-time low temperature post thermal annealing process and device passivation with an aluminum oxide layer.
In vivo enhancement of chemotherapy with static electric or magnetic fields (2000)

We evaluated the ability of both static electric and static magnetic fields to enhance the in vivo action of a chemotherapeutic agent, adriamycin, against transplanted mammary tumors in mice. Female B6C3F1 mice with transplanted mammary adenocarcinoma were divided into four randomized groups and injected with 10 mg/kg adriamycin on day 7 of the study. Three of the groups were then exposed to nonuniform static electric or static magnetic fields. The resulting tumor regression in each group was measured four times during the remaining 13 days of the 20 day study. Two-sided statistical tests revealed all of the static field exposed groups achieved significantly greater (P </=.05) tumor regression than the group treated with adriamycin only, with P-values in a range as low as. 0001. There is an almost universal need in disease treatment to increase the efficacy and delivery of bioactive agents against target cells. The technology demonstrated here may result in improved use of therapeutic materials ranging from drugs to genetic agents. In addition, our findings point to possible hazards from the in vivo enhancing action of static fields on administered or environmentally encountered chemicals.
Incorporating Content Structure into Text Analysis Applications (2010)

In this paper, we investigate how modeling content structure can benefit text analysis applications such as extractive summarization and sentiment analysis. This follows the linguistic intuition that rich contextual information should be useful in these tasks. We present a framework which combines a supervised text analysis application with the induction of latent content structure. Both of these elements are learned jointly using the EM algorithm. The induced content structure is learned from a large unannotated corpus and biased by the underlying text analysis task. We demonstrate that exploiting content structure yields significant improvements over approaches that rely only on local context. 1 1