gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estrogen reduces atherosclerotic lesion development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. (1996)

We have studied the effects of endogenous and exogenous estrogen on atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Female mice ovariectomized (OVX) at weaning displayed increases (P < 0.01) in fatty streak lesions in the proximal aorta and aortic sinus compared with female mice with intact ovarian function. These differences between the OVX and sham controls were apparent in both chow- and "Western-type" diet-fed mice. Moreover, increases in lesion size following OVX occurred without changes in plasma cholesterol. Hormone replacement with subdermal 17-beta-estradiol pellets releasing either 6, 14, or 28 micrograms/day significantly decreased (P < 0.001) atherosclerotic lesion area in both male and OVX female mice. In contrast, neither 17-alpha-estradiol (28 micrograms/day) or tamoxifen (85 micrograms/day) affected lesion progression in OVX female mice. In the Western diet-fed group, exogenous estradiol markedly reduced plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, whereas, in animals fed the chow diet, exogenous estrogen and tamoxifen treatment only decreased plasma and very low density lipoprotein triglycerides. However, lesion area was only weakly correlated with plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, 0.35 and 0.44 tau values, respectively (P < 0.01). In summary, in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse 17-beta-estradiol protects against atherosclerotic lesion formation, and this can only be partially explained through effects on plasma lipoprotein levels.
THE FERMENTATIVE PRODUCTION OF L-VALINE BY BACTERIA (1959)

1. More than ten strains of bacteria which are capable of producing large amounts of valine were selected under a screening program. The isolates from natural sources we classified as Paracolobacterum coliforme, P. intermedium, Escherichia coli, and Aerobacter aerogenes.2. The production and accumulation of L-valine in P. coliforme and Brevibacterum ammoniagenes have been investigated rather in detail, showing the formation of up to 0.23 mole of valine from one mole of glucose.3. The biosynthetic pathway of valine revealed in the valine-producing bacteria is similar to the known pathway of other microorganisms. It was made clear by experimental results that the enzymes responsible to the condensation of pyruvate in the valine-producing cells are active at pH 5.5 7.5 and different from the "orthodox" biosynthetic enzyme which is active at pH 8, as two enzymes are known in the reaction of acetolactate formation.4. One of the mechanisms for the efficient production and accumulation of valine is ascribed to the action of an active acetolactate-forming enzyme which is present at least in the valine-producing cells and whose action is not suppressed by valine itself.
Nanocrystalline Cerium−Bismuth Oxides: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Redox Properties (2010)

The hydrothermal oxidation of Ce3+ in basic aqueous solution by NaBiVO3 at 240 °C produces fine powders of cerium−bismuth oxides with crystallite sizes of less than 10 nm, as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Analysis of X-ray absorption near-edge structure at the Bi LIII and Ce LIII edges confirms the reduction of Bi5+ to Bi3+ and the oxidation of Ce3+ to Ce4+, consistent with a general chemical composition CeIV1-xBiIIIxO2-(x/2) (x ≤ 0.6) for the mixed oxides. The refined cubic lattice parameters from powder neutron diffraction indicate a fluorite-like solid solution with volume that increases with Bi content. Pair distribution functions derived from total neutron scattering yield estimated values for refined particle diameters that agree with TEM, showing a decreasing crystallite diameter with increasing bismuth content, and a full analysis reveals that despite average long-range structure being described well as a fluorite solid-solution, the local structure is distorted. Thus, the short-range structure can be simulated as a mixture of symmetric eight-coordinate Ce sites, as seen in CeO2, and distorted Bi sites, as seen in β-Bi2O3. Temperature programmed reduction studies reveal a large hydrogen uptake in the mixed oxides, which is reproducible on a second subsequent cycle. In situ powder XRD under hydrogen flow, however, reveals that this is due to partial phase separation to give bismuth metal. After six cycles, a material of initial composition Ce0.5Bi0.5O1.75 is completely phase-separated and its hydrogen uptake is reduced with high-resolution TEM analysis confirming the permanent reduction of the sample.
Response to interferon alfa is hepatitis B virus genotype dependent: genotype A is more sensitive to interferon than genotype D (2005)

The present study indicates that HBV genotypes A and D are important and independent predictors of IFN responsiveness in chronic hepatitis B. HBV genotype adapted treatment regimens may further improve treatment efficacy in chronic hepatitis B.
G. E. Moore. (1993)

Journal Article Critical Notices Get access G.E. Moore. By Thomas Baldwin. (London: Routledge, 1990. Pp. xviii + 337. Price £35 h/b.) Michael Williams Michael Williams Northwestern University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 43, Issue 170, January 1993, Pages 99–103, https://doi.org/10.2307/2219946 Published: 01 January 1993
공황장애를 호소하는 중년남성의 불안장애 감소를 위한 명상삼당 사례연구 (2016)

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the possibility of reducing panic disorder by applying Mindfulness meditation and meditation counseling programs multiply to the research participants suffering from panic disorder. Methods: Aa a method of single case study design, this study conducted a qualitative research, and carried out Buns Depression Checklist and Symptom Checklist-90-Revision II (KSCL95) before and after counseling. Results: Depression scale tested before and after counseling lowered from 52 points `severe depression` to 19 points`average`, and Attack (PHOB_PAN: phobic anxiety_panic attack) points of Symptom Check List-90-Revision II (KSCL95) also lowered from T101 to T69. Conclusion: As a result, anxiety disorder, hypochondria and depression were reduced after the program was completed as compared to preliminary evaluation, showing signs of changes such as improvement of communication among family members, increase in study research participants` self-respect etc.
Application of rough sets to image pre-processing for Face detection (2008)

Both of face detection and Face recognition play important role in the technology of biologic character identify. During processing of face image, it is indispensable to pre-processing. In this paper, a Pre-processing method for face color image based on rough sets theory is put forward. In this method, the image is divided as foreground and background by condition attribution. In order to extract the skin color regions, foreground is segmented by two kinds of the skin color model, YCrCb and HSV color spaces. Then, the opening and closing morphological operation are used to remove the small regions. Experiment shows the new algorithm has been tested by the computer simulation, in terms of accuracy extracting the skin color, positive rate of face detection and error rate etc. The results show that it can improve accuracy of extracting the skin color and shorten operation time validly. The result of enhanced image is better and satisfies requirement of face detection.
Phantom Thread: The Needle and the Damage Done (2018)

Paul Thomas Anderson’s Phantom Thread, his first movie outside the US, is a gothic romance set in 1950s London. Here he talks about the rigid world of haute couture, the English class system and working with Daniel Day-Lewis on what the actor says will be his last film.
Zwitterionic Sulfobetaine-Grafted Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Membrane with Highly Effective Blood Compatibility via Atmospheric Plasma-Induced Surface Copolymerization (2011)

Development of nonfouling membranes to prevent nonspecific protein adsorption and platelet adhesion is critical for many biomedical applications. It is always a challenge to control the surface graft copolymerization of a highly polar monomer from the highly hydrophobic surface of a fluoropolymer membrane. In this work, the blood compatibility of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes with surface-grafted electrically neutral zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA), from atmospheric plasma-induced surface copolymerization, was studied. The effect of surface composition and graft morphology, electrical neutrality, hydrophilicity and hydration capability on blood compatibility of the membranes were determined. Blood compatibility of the zwitterionic PVDF membranes was systematically evaluated by plasma protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, plasma-clotting time, and blood cell hemolysis. It was found that the nonfouling nature and hydration capability of grafted PSBMA polymers can be effectively controlled by regulating the grafting coverage and charge balance of the PSBMA layer on the PVDF membrane surface. Even a slight charge bias in the grafted zwitterionic PSBMA layer can induce electrostatic interactions between proteins and the membrane surfaces, leading to surface protein adsorption, platelet activation, plasma clotting and blood cell hemolysis. Thus, the optimized PSBMA surface graft layer in overall charge neutrality has a high hydration capability and the best antifouling, anticoagulant, and antihemolytic activities when comes into contact with human blood.
Morphological Segmentation of the Spleen From Abdominal CT Images (2012)

Organ segmentation is an important step in various medical image applications. Accurate spleen segmentation in abdominal CT images is one of the most important steps for computer aided spleen pathology diagnosis. In this paper, we have proposed a new semiautomatic algorithm for spleen area extraction in abdominal CT images. The algorithm contains several stages. A spleen segmentation method is based on watershed approach. The first, we seek to determine the region of interest by applying the morphological filters such as the geodesic reconstruction to extract the spleen. Secondly, a pre-processing method is employed. In this step, we propose a method for improving the image gradient by applying the spatial filters followed by the morphological filters. Thereafter we proceed to the spleen segmentation by the watershed transform controlled by markers. The new segmentation technique has been evaluated on different CT images, by comparing the semi-automatically detected spleen contour to the spleen boundaries manually traced by an expert. The experimental results are described in the last part in this work. The automated method provides a sensitivity of 95% with specificity of 99% and performs better than other related methods.
A review on protection of DC microgrids (2018)

The DC microgrid has become a typical distribution network due to its excellent performance. However, a well-designed protection scheme still remains a challenge for DC microgrids. At present, researches on DC microgrids primarily focus on the topology structure, control method and energy control, while researches on fault analysis, detection and isolation have not drawn enough attention. Therefore, this paper intends to depict the current research status in different relative areas and review the proposed protection strategies in order to help researchers to have a clear understanding on DC microgrid protection. Meanwhile, to solve the protection issues and promote the development of the DC microgrid, this paper points out the key areas of future research. The future protection research directions lie in the development of novel protection devices, which are based on electronic technology to provide loose protection constraints and the improvement of suitable protection schemes. In addition, the novel concept of coordinated strategy of control and protection of the DC microgrids is explained.
Synthesis of Europium(III) Chelates Suitable for Labeling of Bioactive Molecules (1994)

Two different kinds of europium(III) chelates, luminescent and nonluminescent, were prepared. The chelates were coupled to bioanalytical reagents, such as antibodies, after activations of the amino group on the chelates with thiophosgene,2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine, or iodoacetic anhydride. The reactivities of the activated luminescent chelates in the labeling of antibodies as well as the effects of both the coupling ratio and the linkage group to the luminescence quantum yield of the antibody-bound chelate were studied in aqueous buffer solution.
Central Limit Theorem as an Approximation for Intensity-Based Scoring Function (2005)

In this paper, we present an intensity-based probability function to identify peptides from tandem mass spectra and amino acid sequence databases. The function is an approximation to the central limiting theorem, and it explicitly depends on the cumulative product ion intensities, number of product ions of a peptide, and expectation value of the cumulative intensity. We compare the results of database searches using the new scoring function and scoring functions from earlier algorithms, which implement hypergeometric probability, Poisson's model, and cross-correlation scores. For a standard protein mixture (tandem mass spectra generated from the mixture of five known proteins), we generate receiver operating curves with all scoring schemes. The receiver operating curves show that the shared peaks count-based probability methods (like Poisson and hypergeometric models) are the most specific for matching high-quality tandem mass spectra. The intensity-based (central limit model) and intensity-modeled (cross-correlation) methods are more sensitive when matching low-quality tandem mass spectra, where the number of shared peaks is insufficient to correctly identify a peptide. Cross-correlation methods show a small advantage over the intensity-based probability method.
Distal embolization during mechanical thrombolysis: Rotational thrombectomy vs. balloon angioplasty (1990)

To determine the incidence and extent of distal embolization during percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (PTA) and rotational thrombectomy (PRT), we collected, filtered, and weighed the distal effluent of acute thrombotically occluded canine arteries following mechanical thrombolysis. PRT (n = 11) and PTA (n = 10) were equally effective in recanalizing occluded vessels (91% vs. 90%) and reduced percent diameter stenosis to a similar degree (97 +/- 6% to 8 +/- 11% and 100 +/- 0% to 17 +/- 23%, respectively). Distal embolization following mechanical intervention was observed in 10 of 10 and 8 of 9 arteries recanalized with PRT and PTA, respectively. The mean weights of collected emboli were similar between the two groups (18 +/- 24 mg vs. 37 +/- 79 mg, PRT vs. PTA, P = NS), although the range of size and weight of thromboemboli was larger in the PTA group (0-206 mg vs. 2-51 mg, PRT). Angiographically defined residual thrombus was significantly less frequent in arteries recanalized with PRT as compared with PTA (10% vs. 55%, P = 0.03). In summary, PRT and PTA are equally effective in recanalizing acutely occluded canine arteries and result in similar reductions in percent diameter stenosis. Each intervention results in distal embolization of thrombi. PRT is associated with a reduced incidence of angiographically evident residual thrombus at the site of arterial injury and may avoid embolization of large fragments occasionally produced by PTA. Thus PRT may serve as a useful alternative to coronary angioplasty during acute myocardial infarction.
Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (2016)

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Automated vehicle guidance using discrete reference markers (1979)

Techniques for providing steering control for an automated vehicle using discrete reference markers fixed to the road surface are investigated analytically. Either optical or magnetic approaches can be used for the sensor, which generates a measurement of the lateral offset of the vehicle path at each marker to form the basic data for steering control. Possible mechanizations of sensor and controller are outlined. Techniques for handling certain anomalous conditions, such as a missing marker, or loss of acquisition, and special maneuvers, such as u-turns and switching, are briefly discussed. A general analysis of the vehicle dynamics and the discrete control system is presented using the state variable formulation. Noise in both the sensor measurement and in the steering servo are accounted for. An optimal controller is simulated on a general purpose computer, and the resulting plots of vehicle path are presented. Parameters representing a small multipassenger tram were selected, and the simulation runs show response to an erroneous sensor measurement and acquisition following large initial path errors.
Unexpected proton spin‐lattice relaxation in the solutions of polyolefin and tetrachloroethane (2010)

'Unexpected' proton spin-lattice relaxation (T(1)) times are reported for the solutions of poly(ethylene-co-1-octene) and tetrachloroethane-d(2). For the residual protons of the deuterated solvent and the methyl and vinyl protons at the polymer chain ends, their T(1) relaxation times vary significantly with both the polymer concentration and molecular weight over a wide range. The T(1)s also decrease with increasing temperature at relative high temperatures. Such behaviors are in contrast to most reported polymer solutions in which the T(1) has nearly no concentration or molecular weight dependence in the dilute and semi-dilute regime, and normal dependence on temperature. Further investigation revealed that the paramagnetic oxygen effect did shorten the measured proton T(1)s, but cannot account for the unexpected T(1) dependences. Spin rotation is proposed to provide a reasonable explanation.
The Success of the Light Armoured Vehicle (2011)

Since the 1970s, budget constraints and debates over the tankâs relevance have prompted the Canadian Forces (CF) to pursue lighter, cheaper, and more flexible vehicles. The Light Armoured Vehicle (LAV), built in London, Ontario, has been purchased in great numbers to satisfy these demands, and it has largely succeeded. The CF has purchased the LAV as a wheeled, multiâpurpose vehicle to fulfill a variety of roles (infantry carrier, medical evacuation vehicle, etc.), that is cheaper and easier to maintain than tracked alternatives. The CF has continued to purchase LAVs because they have been successful in the field, and they support a domestic producer, General Dynamics Land Systems Canada (GDLSâC), that cooperates closely with the military.
Predicting the Templating Ability of Organic Additives for the Synthesis of Microporous Materials (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPredicting the Templating Ability of Organic Additives for the Synthesis of Microporous MaterialsD. W. Lewis, C. M. Freeman, and C. R. A. CatlowCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 28, 11194–11202Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100028a022https://doi.org/10.1021/j100028a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views595Altmetric-Citations175LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A method of high‐precision frequency detection with FFT (1988)

Abstract Except for the nonlinear complex method such as MEM, there has not been known a method to determine the frequency with a high accuracy from the short wave train. Generally, it is considered that the frequency resolution in FFT is of the order of the step in the frequency. This paper attempts to derive a correction formula for FFT results by which the frequency, amplitude and phase of the arbitrary input signal with discrete frequencies can be calculated easily and with a high accuracy. The effect of the noise on the accuracy is discussed in the practical measurement condition, and it is shown by theory and numerical experiment for the case of white noise that the accuracy is linearly dependent on the noise ratio.
Reduction on radiation noise level for inductive power transfer systems with spread spectrum focusing on combined impedance of coils and capacitors (2016)

Two reduction methods on radiation noise of inductive power transfer (IPT) systems are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the IPT systems for electrical vehicles (EVs) or plug-in hybrid electrical vehicles (PHEVs), noise reduction technologies are strongly required because the radiation noise from the IPT system for EVs or PHEVs must not exceeds the limits on standards; for example the regulation by CISPR is well-known regulation. The proposed method suppresses the radiation noise using spread spectrum technique. The radiation noise from the transmission coils of the IPT system is spread in a frequency domain by changing the output frequency of an inverter at random. The output frequency is selected according to pseudo random numbers. The first proposed method; a spread spectrum with a uniform distribution (SSUD), evenly selects the output frequency within 80 kHz to 90 kHz. Another method; a spread spectrum with a biased distribution (SSBD) is focusing on the output current of the inverter. The possibility for the select of output frequency is biased in proportion to a combined impedance of the transmission coil and the resonance capacitors. In the experiments with an output power of 3 kW, the fundamental components are suppressed by 42.6% and 72.1% by applying the SSUD and the SSBD in comparison with the conventional system, which operates the inverter at a fixed frequency.
The efficacy of alemtuzumab for refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia in relation to cytogenetic abnormalities of p53. (2005)

We reviewed the efficacy of alemtuzumab in the treatment of 28 patients with refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in whom p53 status was known. Overall responses of 53.6% (complete responses 17.9%) were attained with no significant difference between patients with (50%) or without (55%) p53 deletion (p=0.214). We confirm the efficacy of alemtuzumab in refractory CLL irrespective of p53 deletions, and advocate its introduction earlier in disease course.