gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunogenic properties of modified antigen E. I. Presence of specific determinants for T cells in denatured antigen and polypeptide chains. (1974)

Denaturation of antigen E in 8 M urea or by reduction-carboxymethylation treatment resulted in loss of antigenic determinants in native molecules. The denatured antigen preparations, as well as the α and β polypeptide chains isolated from the antigen upon its dissociation failed to combine with rabbit or human IgG antibody against the native antigen, or to induce erythema wheal reactions in ragweed-sensitive individuals. The denatured antigens and the polypeptide chains, however, enhanced anti-DNP antibody response of DNP-ragweed (DNP-Rag)-primed rabbit lymph node cells to DNP keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). When the primed lymph node cells were treated with DNP-KLH for 24 hr, and then cultured in the presence of one of these modified antigens, both IgG and IgE anti-DNP antibodies were formed in vitro. The activity of the modified antigens to stimulate carrier-specific helper cells was comparable to that of native antigen. All of the modified antigens induced DNA synthesis of peripheral lymphocytes of ragweed-sensitive patients but not the lymphocytes of normal individuals. The results indicated that denatured antigen E as well as α and β polypeptide chains possess determinants specific for T cell receptor.
Satellite navigation using integral Doppler data-The AN/SRN-9 equipment (1966)

The U.S. Navy's all-weather satellite navigation system has been in operational use since July 1964. Satellites transmit orbital information and constant-frequency carriers so that a shipboard Doppler receiver and computer can obtain an accurate position fix of a ship at the time of a satellite pass above the ship's horizon. The system is available for use by research vessels in oceanography and geophysics. This paper presents a very brief review of the navigation system, a theoretical description of the satellite Doppler data received, and a simplified description of the computations required to obtain a navigation fix. Emphasis is placed upon one experimental version of shipboard equipment, the AN/SRN-9 integral Doppler equipment. This equipment has been designed especially for use by surface ships where cost, size, weight, and power requirements are important considerations. Similar equipments have been undergoing sea trials to determine their applicability for research vessels if a post-analysis capability for determining ship's position is a critical requirement. The results have amply demonstrated the potential usefulness of the AN/SRN-9 for oceanography.
Lower Cognitive Performance in Normal Older Adult Male Twins Carrying the Apolipoprotein E  4 Allele (1994)

The apoE epsilon 4 allele may be associated with decreased cognitive function in discordant twin pairs. Our results suggest that epsilon 4 may represent a potential marker for accelerated cognitive aging and such individuals may be at greater risk for development of late-onset Alzheimer dementia or multi-infarct dementia.
ROLE OF ARSENIC AS A REPRODUCTIVE TOXIN WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS (1996)

Arsenic has been recognized as a human toxicant for over 2000 years. More recently it has been readily accepted as a human carcinogen. Animal research has demonstrated arsenic's ability to have profound detrimental effects on the developing embryo in avian and mammalian species. This article comprehensively reviews the human and animal literature on the subject of the reproductive toxicity of arsenic. A variety of endpoints are considered, including spontaneous abortion, cardiovascular defects, and arsenic's role in the causation of neural tube defects (NTDs). A summary of the literature that has examined the various postulated mechanisms by which arsenic may produce NTDs is also considered. In addition, a discussion of literature relative to the presence of arsenic in the general environment and in the workplace is presented. This article reaches the conclusion that while further research is clearly needed, particularly on the potential toxicity of organic arsenical compounds, the current literature suggests it may be prudent and appropriate to treat inorganic arsenic as a probable human reproductive toxin.
Physical Complications in Acute Lung Injury Survivors (2013)

Muscle weakness is common after acute lung injury, usually recovering within 12 months. This weakness is associated with substantial impairments in physical function and health-related quality of life that continue beyond 24 months. These results provide valuable prognostic information regarding physical recovery after acute lung injury. Evidence-based methods to reduce the duration of bed rest during critical illness may be important for improving these long-term impairments.
Circulating glycosaminoglycan anticoagulants associated with suramin treatment. (1988)

A complex coagulopathy appeared in three women receiving suramin as treatment for metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma. Although hepatocellular dysfunction accounted for some of the abnormality, a unique feature of the coagulopathy was the presence of an inhibitor of the thrombin clotting time. The potency of this circulating anticoagulant increased markedly during exacerbations of hepatic injury. The anticoagulant was removed from plasma samples from two of the patients by passage over a column of diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Sephacel. It eluted from the DEAE at salt concentrations that removed "high-charge" glycosaminoglycans. Elimination of the purified anticoagulant activity in vitro required a combination of heparitinase and chondroitinase ABC, suggesting that the activity was mediated by both heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Suramin is hypothesized to inhibit enzymes that normally degrade glycosaminoglycans, resulting in accumulation of these substances, which are released from the liver into the circulation during periods of hepatic injury.
The Preparation of Organo-phosphines by the Addition of Phosphine to Unsaturated Compounds (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Organo-phosphines by the Addition of Phosphine to Unsaturated CompoundsA. R. Stiles, F. F. Rust, and W. E. VaughanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 13, 3282–3284Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01133a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01133a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views802Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhanced performance of an InGaN–GaN light-emitting diode by roughening the undoped-GaN surface and applying a mirror coating to the sapphire substrate (2006)

An InGaN–GaN light-emitting diode (LED) with a roughened undoped-GaN surface and a silver mirror on the sapphire substrate was fabricated through a double transfer method. It was found that, at an injection current of 20mA, its luminance intensity was 100% larger than conventional LEDs. Its output power was 49% larger than conventional LEDs.
Novel Two-Component Systems Implied in Antibiotic Production in Streptomyces coelicolor (2011)

The abundance of two-component systems (TCSs) in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) genome indicates their importance in the physiology of this soil bacteria. Currently, several TCSs have been related to antibiotic regulation, and the purpose in this study was the characterization of five TCSs, selected by sequence homology with the well-known absA1A2 system, that could also be associated with this important process. Null mutants of the five TCSs were obtained and two mutants (ΔSCO1744/1745 and ΔSCO4596/4597/4598) showed significant differences in both antibiotic production and morphological differentiation, and have been renamed as abr (antibiotic regulator). No detectable changes in antibiotic production were found in the mutants in the systems that include the ORFs SCO3638/3639, SCO3640/3641 and SCO2165/2166 in any of the culture conditions assayed. The system SCO1744/1745 (AbrA1/A2) was involved in negative regulation of antibiotic production, and acted also as a negative regulator of the morphological differentiation. By contrast, the system SCO4596/4597/4598 (AbrC1/C2/C3), composed of two histidine kinases and one response regulator, had positive effects on both morphological development and antibiotic production. Microarray analyses of the ΔabrC1/C2/C3 and wild-type transcriptomes revealed downregulation of actII-ORF4 and cdaR genes, the actinorhodin and calcium-dependent antibiotic pathway-specific regulators respectively. These results demonstrated the involvement of these new two-component systems in antibiotic production and morphological differentiation by different approaches. One is a pleiotropic negative regulator: abrA1/A2. The other one is a positive regulator composed of three elements, two histidine kinases and one response regulator: abrC1/C2/C3.
Well log-seismic sequence and stratigraphy analysis: An integrated approach to exploration and development (1991)

Well log-seismic sequence stratigraphy analysis is a new technology that integrates high-resolution biostratigraphic and paleobathymetric data and the characteristics of the well log signatures with seismic reflection profiles. This methodology permits the biostratigrapher, geologist, and geophysicist to work together to subdivide a stratigraphic section into packages of sediments bounded by chronostratigraphically significant condensed sections and their associated maximum flooding surfaces and sequences boundaries using well logs and seismic profiles. Each sequence is subdivided into smaller lithogenetic (facies linked) units called systems tracts on the basis of characteristic well log patterns. Faunal and floral abundance and diversity data provide critical information to make reproducible chronostratigraphic correlations. The paleobathymetric interpretations permit the identification of rock types in relation to the depositional environment and systems tracts. The high resolution biostratigraphically is critical in integrated well log-seismic sequence stratigraphic analysis because it provides information for identifying fossil abundance and diversity peaks that are important for recognizing and correlating condensed sections. Added to the well log and seismic data set, it now provides a integrated data package that permits the inexperienced person to use the concepts of seismic well log-sequence stratigraphy to develop expertise and confidence in its practice. In order to obtain consistently reliablemore » results in well log-seismic sequence stratigraphy, a particular procedure must be followed and specific data sets must be used.« less
Gallbladder Activity Appearing 6 Minutes After the Intravenous Injection of Tc99m MAG3 Simulating a Picture of Obstructive Uropathy of the Right Kidney (1993)

Two cases of Tc-99m MAG3 renograms performed on the same day are presented. Both of them show considerable liver activity, which is a known drawback for MAG3 by distribution. In the first case, gallbladder activity appeared after 6 minutes, at the same time when tubular drainage and caliceal activity started to show in both kidneys. The gallbladder activity was superimposed over the upper calyces of the right kidney and simulated an obstructive pattern in the time-activity curves. This early gallbladder activity after intravenous injection of Tc-99m MAG3 has not been previously reported. The second case is presented for the purpose of confirming that nothing in the preparation of the kit contributed to this phenomenon.
Repetitive Reversible Labeling of Proteins at Polyhistidine Sequences for Single‐Molecule Imaging in Live Cells (2007)

Sensitive live-cell fluorescence microscopy and single-molecule imaging are severely limited by rapid photobleaching of fluorescent probes. Herein, we show how to circumvent this problem using a novel, generic labeling strategy. Small nickel-nitrilotriacetate fluorescent probes are reversibly bound to oligohistidine sequences of exposed proteins on cell surfaces, permitting selective observation of the proteins by fluorescence microscopy. Photobleached probes are removed by washing and replaced by new fluorophores, thus enabling repetitive acquisition of single-molecule trajectories on the same cell and allowing variation of experimental conditions between acquisitions. This method offers free choice of fluorophores while being minimally perturbing. The strength of the method is demonstrated by labeling engineered polyhistidine sequences of the serotonin-gated 5-HT(3) receptor on the surface of live mammalian cells. Single-molecule microscopy reveals pronounced heterogeneous mobility patterns of the 5-HT(3) receptor. After activating the receptor with serotonin, the number of immobile receptors increases substantially, which might be important for receptor regulation at synapses.
Interaction of Meloxicam with Cimetidine, Maalox, or Aspirin (1996)

Meloxicam is a new enol carboxamide nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). Preclinical studies have indicated that it possesses a high antiinflammatory potency and a low ulcerogenic potency. This open, randomized, crossover study was conducted to examine the effects of aspirin, the antacid Maalox (Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, Cologne, Germany), and cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of a single oral dose of meloxicam 30 mg in healthy male volunteers. Plasma concentrations of meloxicam were determined and subjected to noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis. Meloxicam was well tolerated, and concomitant treatment with cimetidine or Maalox had little or no effect on the plasma concentration-time curves, maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), or the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-infinity) of meloxicam. Concurrent treatment with aspirin increased plasma concentrations of meloxicam, increasing Cmax by approximately 25% and AUC0-infinity by 10%. These differences were not considered to be clinically relevant, and no adjustments of meloxicam dose should be required with coadministration of aspirin, Maalox, or cimetidine.
RLR-mediated production of interferon-β by a human dendritic cell subset and its role in virus-specific immunity (2012)

Cytosolic RIG-I-like helicases (RLR) are PRRs involved in type I IFN production and antiviral immunity. This study focuses to the comparison of the expression, function, and signaling cascades associated to RLR in the previously identified CD14(-)DC-SIGN(+)PPARγ(low)CD1a(+) and CD14(low)DC-SIGN(+)PPARγ(high)CD1a(-) human moDC subsets. Our results revealed that the expression of RLR genes and proteins as well as the activity of the coupled signaling pathways are significantly higher in the CD1a(+) subset than in its phenotypically and functionally distinct counterpart. Specific activation of RLR in moDCs by poly(I:C) or influenza virus was shown to induce the secretion of IFN-β via IRF3, whereas induction of proinflammatory cytokine responses were predominantly controlled by TLR3. The requirement of RLR-mediated signaling in CD1a(+) moDCs for priming naïve CD8(+) T lymphocytes and inducing influenza virus-specific cellular immune responses was confirmed by RIG-I/MDA5 silencing, which abrogated these functions. Our results demonstrate the subset-specific activation of RLR and the underlying mechanisms behind its cytokine secretion profile and identify CD1a(+) moDCs as an inflammatory subset with specialized functional activities. We also provide evidence that this migratory DC subset can be detected in human tonsil and reactive LNs.
StackPi: New Packet Marking and Filtering Mechanisms for DDoS and IP Spoofing Defense (2006)

Today's Internet hosts are threatened by large-scale distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. The path identification (Pi) DDoS defense scheme has recently been proposed as a deterministic packet marking scheme that allows a DDoS victim to filter out attack packets on a per packet basis with high accuracy after only a few attack packets are received (Yaar , 2003). In this paper, we propose the StackPi marking, a new packet marking scheme based on Pi, and new filtering mechanisms. The StackPi marking scheme consists of two new marking methods that substantially improve Pi's incremental deployment performance: Stack-based marking and write-ahead marking. Our scheme almost completely eliminates the effect of a few legacy routers on a path, and performs 2–4 times better than the original Pi scheme in a sparse deployment of Pi-enabled routers. For the filtering mechanism, we derive an optimal threshold strategy for filtering with the Pi marking. We also develop a new filter, the PiIP filter, which can be used to detect Internet protocol (IP) spoofing attacks with just a single attack packet. Finally, we discuss in detail StackPi's compatibility with IP fragmentation, applicability in an IPv6 environment, and several other important issues relating to potential deployment of StackPi.
Redistribution of Neurofilaments and Accumulation of <i>β</i> -Amyloid Protein after Brain Injury by Rotational Acceleration of the Head (2003)

Rotational acceleration of the head, as occurs in falls, car crashes, and sport injuries, may result in diffuse brain damage, with acute and chronic neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The present study addresses the effects of rotational trauma on the neuronal cytoskeleton, which stabilizes perikaryal, dendritic and axonal shape and function. The study focuses upon the distribution of (1) the phosphorylated form of the heavy neurofilament subunit, (2) the light neurofilament subunit, and (3) beta-amyloid, a marker for brain injury. While normally restricted to axons, the phosphorylated heavy neurofilament subunits were drastically decreased in the axons after rotational trauma. Instead, they accumulated in the neuronal perikarya, normally devoid of the phosphorylated subunit. This alteration was seen, not only in the cerebral cortex, but also in the hippocampus, the cervical spinal cord, the cerebellum, the cranial nerves and the pyramidal tract. The distribution of the light subunit of neurofilaments was also altered post trauma. Only a weak beta-amyloid immunoreactivity was detected in the brains of control animals. Promptly after the trauma, a large number of beta-amyloid positive neurons appeared. Intensely co-localized immunoreactivity for the light subunit of neurofilaments and of beta-amyloid was seen 3 days after the rotational trauma axons of in the subcortical white matter and in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus as well as in neurons of the hypoglossal nucleus. The reported alterations in the central nervous system neurons are similar to those in the human brain after closed head injury and in chronic degenerative diseases. Regions of importance for social behavior, memory and body movement were affected.
Deprivation, Disadvantage and Occupational Choice (1980)

The performance of many actions, whether physiological or social, is often dependent upon the preceding career of the person involved. Thus a woman's success in childbirth is conditioned by the whole of her prior physical and social career. My purpose here is to indicate some of the ways in which movement into the labour force is influenced by anomalous prior careers. More specifically the intention is to provide a conceptual framework which will identify some important ways in which groups of individuals may come to choose first jobs that in one respect or another are below their capacity.
Cancer stem cells from human glioma cell line are resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis (2009)

Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor, characterized by its resistance to treatments. To define efficient therapy, the origin of tumor-forming cells needs to be elucidated in order to search for new therapeutic pathways. The objective of this study was to determine the different cell populations constituting a human glioblastoma cell line, U-87 MG and their sensitivity to apoptosis induced through the activation of Fas, a membranous death receptor. By a cell sorting method, the sedimentation field flow fractionation, two major cell subpopulations were identified, a most differentiated cell fraction, containing large and adherent cells, sensitive to Fas-induced apoptosis and another one, characterized by small cells forming aggregates, expressing CD133, a marker of stem cells and more resistant to Fas-activated apoptosis. By using a selective method of culture, adapted for neural stem cell cultures, we have verified that the U-87 MG cell line contained cancer stem cells similar to the immature ones obtained by the cell sorting method. Interestingly, while these tumor stem cells, expressing CD133, were resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis, monomeric form of Fas protein was detected predominantly in these cells. In contrast, the most mature cells, responsive to Fas-activated apoptosis, collected in another cell fraction, contained oligomeric aggregates of Fas protein, a pre-signalling form of the Fas receptor, essential for the initiation of apoptosis through its activation. These results suggest that these immature stem cells in glioma could be an important factor of resistance to chemotherapy requiring apoptosis through Fas signalling system. Indeed, future strategies of treatment, inducing differentiation of these stem cells need to be considered to enhance therapeutic efficiency.
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 is phosphorylated by cultured human endometrial stromal cells and multiple protein kinases in vitro. (1991)

The insulin-like growth factor-binding protein IGF-BP1 is a major secretory protein of human endometrial stromal cells decidualized in culture. Anion exchange chromatography and nondenaturing gel electrophoresis showed IGF-BP1 to exist in five electrophoretically and chromatographically distinct isoforms. IGF-BP1 variants migrated as a quintet on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gels and as a single band (28 kDa) on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Alkaline phosphatase treatment reduced the IGF-BP1 variants to a single band. Cells incubated with [32P]orthophosphate for 12 h secreted four 32P-labeled IGF-BP1 phosphovariants, and their migration coincided with those bands that were eliminated by alkaline phosphatase treatment. In cells treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate and relaxin, the concentration of phosphorylated IGF-BP1 was increased dramatically as compared with controls. All the phosphovariants were confirmed to be IGF-BP1 by their ability to be supershifted on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gels after binding a monoclonal antibody to IGF-BP1. Thin layer electrophoresis of IGF-BP1 acid hydrolysates showed IGF-BP1 to be phosphorylated exclusively on serine. Non-phosphorylated IGF-BP1 was phosphorylated by the catalytic subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase and casein kinase II in vitro. This suggests that IGF-BP1 may be a substrate of multiple protein kinases in vivo.